of Concrete and Mortar.
Year: 1884

page_text: of Concrete and Mortar.
We ALFRED EDWARD CAREY of Newhaven Harbour Works, Newhaven in the
County of Sussex, Civil Engineer and ERNEST LATHAM of Halton Buildings
Chapel Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of our said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE AND MORTAR to be as follows:-
"
Our present invention relates to machinery for making or producing large
quantities of concrete or mortar thoroughly mixed in a short space of time and has
reference in part to improvements upon or in connection with the machinery for
which British Letters Patent No 1812 of the year 1881 were granted to us.
Under our present invention we effect the manufacture or production of concrete
and also mortar by a single and gradual mixing of the required materials instead
of employing double mixing as set forth for concrete in the specification to the
above mentioned patent.
One modification of working machinery consists essentially of cement feeding
apparatus of novel construction and the pocket measuring wheels combined with
a rotating mixing cylinder having moving scrapers therein.
The apparatus for feeding cement to the mixing cylinder consists of a hopper or
shoot and a taper worm or worn of varying pitch having rotary motion imparted
and arranged to slide endwise in bearings when required, or the hopper or shoot
may be made adjustable. By this means the quantity of cement fed to the mixing
cylinder may be readily adjusted by varying the relative positions of the worm
and hopper.
The pocket or measuring wheels are of any usual or suitable construction and
are arranged to deliver the required quantities of material to the measuring
cylinder.
The mixing cylinder is carried on rollers and is fitted internally with a shaft to
which scrapers are secured. The shaft is geared with cylinder in such manner as to
rotate in in the same or reverse direction as the cylinder but at at a different speed
when rotating in the same direction. The said cylinder may be carried loose on
the internal shaft of the scraper instead of on external rollers.

page_text: Any convenient motor is employed and the worm feed, pocket wheels, and
cylinder are driven therefrom by means of any suitable gearing.
When concrete is being made both pocket wheels and the screw feed are used;
when mortar is being made only one wheel is used with the feed screw. The
pocket wheels take up and deliver measured quantities of sand and stones to the
mixing cylinder and the screw feed delivers cement or lime thereto as required.
The above described novel arrangement of cylinder and scrapers may be used
with any of the means of measuring described in specification N° 1812 of the
year 1881 as well as with the new pocket wheel above described.
The pocket wheel, hopper turntables dredger bucket appliance or sliding:
measurers may be used not only with the above described mixing cylinder but
with any other convenient mixing means manual or mechanical such as vertical
or inclined cylinders or channels provided with internal deflecting plates or bars
stationary or in motion.

page_text: of Concrete and Mortar.
We ALFRED EDWARD CAREY of Newhaven Harbour Works, Newhaven in the
County of Sussex, Civil Engineer, and ERNEST LATHAM of Halton Buildings
Chapel Street Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE AND MORTAR," and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
Our present invention relates to machinery for making or producing large
quantities of concrete or mortar thoroughly mixed in a short space of time and has
reference in part to improvements upon or in connection with the machinery for
which British Letters Patent N° 1812 of the year 1881 wero granted to us.
Under our present Invention we effect the manufacture or production of Concrete
and also Mortar by a single and gradual mixing of the required materials which is
partly done whilst the materials are dry and continued after the addition of water
instead of employing double mixing as set forth for concrete in the specification to
the above mentioned Patent. The water is introduced to the cylinder by the
hollow shaft hereinafter described and serving to carry scrapers and fitted with
a gland connection to water supply at one end. The hollow shaft is fitted with
side plugs at intervals in its length any one or more of which may be removed
according to the point at which it is desired to introduce the water and any kind
of nozzle may be introduced in its place to suit circumstances or variety of
inaterial.
One modification of working machinery consists essentially of cement feeding
apparatus of novel construction and the pocket measuring wheels hereinafter
described or other measuring apparatus combined with a rotating mixing cylinder
having moving scrapers therein.
The apparatus for feeding cement to the mixing cylinder consists of a Hopper or
Shoot and a taper worm or a worm of varying pitch having rotary motion imparted
and arranged to slide endwise in. bearings when required or the Hopper or shoot
over the worm may be made adjustable or the speed of the worm varied. By this
means the quantity of cement fed to the mixing cylinder may be readily adjusted
by varying the relative positions of the worm and Hopper or speed wheels.
The pocket or measuring wheels chain and buckets or other elevator and
measurer are of any usual or suitable construction and are arranged to deliver the
required quantities of material to the measuring cylinder.
The mixing cylinder is carried on rollers and is fitted internally with a shaft to
which scrapers are secured. The shaft is geared with the cylinder in such manner
as to rotate in the same or reverse directions as the Cylinder but at a different
speed when rotating in the same direction-The said Cylinder may be carried loose
on the internal shaft of the scrapers instead of on external rollers. The mixing
cylinder may be inclined with scrapers parallel to its axis or it may be horizontal

page_text: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of improved machinery under our invention for the
manufacture of concrete fig. 2 is an end elevation of the sand and ballast feeding
appliances and fig. 3 an end view of the mixing cylinder, a, wheeled carrying frame
of machine b mixing cylinder carried on rollers c, d toothed ring secured to the
mixing cylinder; gearing with d is a toothed wheel e on the shaft -The said
wheel e is also in gear with the wheel g on one end of the shaft h, the other end of
the shaft h carries the toothed wheel which is geared with the wheeel; on the
shaft k The wheolj is in gear with the pinion on the driving wheel shaft m-On
the shaft is a pulley which gives motion to the endless chain of buckets n-On
the shaft h is a pulley which gives notion to the endless chain of buckets o―The
shaft is hollow and is carried in bearings 2 fixed to the frame a and g attached
to the mixing cylinder b; plugs r, 1, 2, are fitted in the shaft k so that by their
removal communication can be opened between the interior of the Shaft and the
cylinder-Movable nozzles may be attached so that the position of outflow of the
water can be accurately adjusted-s is a pump driven from the shaft m for
the purpose of supplying water to the interior of the shaft k and thence to the
mixing cylinder; the feed pipe of the pumps or if no pump a pipe under pressure
from a main or tank and with means of regulating the water-passes through
a gland t on the end of the shaft ; u worm working in the channel v carried by
the shaft k and of increasing diameter towards the mixing cylinder-or a worn of
increasing pitch may be used-The said worm may be attached to and revolve with
the shaft k or it may be loose thereon and driven by belt or other gear. w hopper
free to be slid along on the upper part of the channel case x, a shoots leading from
the sand and ballast elevators to the mixing cylinder; these are disposed one at each
side of the channel case v. y are helical shaped blades fitting close to the internal
surface of the mixing cylinder and attached by arms to the shaft k. * delivery
shoot.
"
When the machinery is in use one of the plugs r is removed at the point where
it is desired that water should be mixed with the concrete and the suction pipe of
the pump s is connected to a suitable water supply. The hopper w is slid along
the case v until it is over that portion of the screw which will give the required
feed of cement, and sand ballast and cement are supplied to the endless chain of
buckets n and o and to the hopper was fast as the buckets and worm can remove
them The proportion of sand can be varied if required by partially filling the sand
buckets with wood or cement allowed to set in them-As the various moving parts
are geared together and driven from the driving shaft m-The sand ballast and
cement are delivered through the shoots and channel v into the mixing cylinder ↳

page_text: in measured quantities at uniform speed-It will be seen on examination of the
gearing the direction of motion which is shown by the arrows that the cylinder b
and blades y rotate in opposite directions. The blades y are helical in outline and
lift the materials from the bottom of the cylinder and allow them to slide forward
to another portion of the bottom of the cylinder, and so become better and better
mixed as they pass through it-When completely mixed and ready for use the
concrete is delivered down the shoot -It will be obvious that the cylinder might
be inclined instead of being horizontal but we prefer the arrangement shown.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of a modification of apparatus in which pocket wheels 1 are
used in place of endless chains of buckets, the pockets of the wheels take the sand
and ballast from troughs 2 into which they dip-Wipers 3 carried by levers 4
pivotted at 5 receive to and fro motion by connecting rods and cranks 6. Motion
is given to the said cranks by toothed gear 7-The wipers are for the purpose of
passing over the mouths of the pockets as the wheels revolve and removing any
excess of sand or ballast-The regulation of the quantity of cement feed to the
mixing cylinder is effected in this case by varying the speed of the screw-Either
change wheels or coned or stepped pulleys being used for that purpose-The same
letters denote parts like those already described in figs. 1. 2 and 3.
When mortar is being made the hopper and worm feed are used for the lime,
and one elevator or pocket wheel only is used in combination therewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
First. In machinery for the manufacture or production of concrete, the com-
bination of cement feeding apparatus of novel construction as herein set forth with
cement and ballast measuring apparatus and a mixing cylinder having moving
Scrapers therein.
Second. In machinery for the manufacture or production of mortar, the com-
bination of lime feeding apparatus of novel construction as herein set forth, with
and measuring apparatus and a mixing cylinder having moving scrapers therein.
Third. In machinery for the manufacture of concreto or mortar feed apparatus
consisting of a worm and hopper adjustable substantially as herein set forth.
Fourth. In machinery for the manufacture of concrete or mortar pocket wheel
measuring appliances.
Fifth. In machinery for the manufacture of concrete and mortar the com-
bination of measuring and feeding apparatus with a mixing cylinder and scrapers
o both of which rotary motion is imparted.
Sixth, Machinery for mixing concrete at one operation both dry and wet.