IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF WINDING, WARPING, SIZING, AND BEAMING COTTON, WOOLLEN, LINEN, OR OTHER YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hacking, of Clitheroe, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer, and William Wheeler, of the same
Place, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR
METHOD OF WINDING, WARPING, SIZING, AND BEAMING COTTON, WOOLLEN,
LINEN, OR OTHER YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 17th February 1857, and dated the 21st August 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hacking and
William Wheeler at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st August 1856.
We, JOSEPH HACKING, of Clitheroe, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Manufacturer, and WILLIAM WHEELER, of the same Place, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OR METHOD OF WINDING, WARPING, SIZING, AND BEAMING COTTON, WOOLLEN,
LINEN, OR OTHER YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
Instead of the usual plans of warping, winding, &c. by separate machines,
we propose to combine the said processes by one continuous apparatus.
We fix the cops in a vertical position on one or more stages, and pass the
threads from each cop direct through a kind of sieve or perforated apparatus,

page_text: from which we pass them over rollers, either stationary or revolving, to and
through the sizing trough, then over drying cylinders to the beam, on which
it is wound or beamed complete, ready for the loom.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Hacking and William Wheeler in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 20th February 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPII
HACKING, of Clitheroe, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer, and
WILLIAM WHEELER, of the same Place, Gentleman, send greeting.
Lord
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August; in the year of our
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Joseph Hacking and William Wheeler, Her special licence that we, the said
Joseph Hacking and William Wheeler, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Hacking and William Wheeler,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE
OR METHOD OF WINDING, WARPING, SIZING, AND BEAMING COTTON, WOOLLEN, LINEN,
OR OTHER YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph
Hacking and William Wheeler, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing, under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, or the
hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Wheeler, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Joseph Hacking, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
Instead of the usual plans of winding the yarn or thread from cops on to

page_text: bobbins or spools, then placing the said bobbins or spools in creels and
winding it from them on to beams or rollers, and then passing it again through
the sizing or dressing machine, we accomplish all the said processes at one
operation by one continuous apparatus; or we use our apparatus for winding
and warping alone, using the sizing process separately as usual if found
desirable.
The said apparatus consists of a frame of any suitable shape or dimensions,
according to the number of cops or ends intended to be wound or beamed at
the same time. In this frame we put a shelf or stage, which we perforate
with small holes at suitable distances asunder; we put each cop on a spindle,
being careful that the spindle is not so long as to project beyond the nose of
the cop, and we fix the said spindles with the cops on them in the holes or
perforations of the shelves or stages aforesaid, so that all the cops stand in a
vertical position. On the top of the frame we fix a lattice or sieve-like
covering, so that the thread from each cop, passing upwards through an
aperture in the covering, will be kept separate, and free from contact with
each other. Or, instead of the sieve-like covering, we place a number of bars
longitudinally across the top of the frame, and by passing some of the threads
over one bar and some over another, they will be kept sufficiently clear of
each other; and this latter plan may be preferable to the former, as it allows
the operative more easy access to the threads when any of them break. At
the front of the said frame, and a little above the said sieve or bars, we fix a
number of wire projections, a very small distance asunder, on a small stationary
roller, which forms a kind of wraith or half reed, the spaces or interstices
being open at the projecting points, which we make to incline a little towards
the threads, which coming from each cop, and through the sieve, or over the
bars, we pass between these wire projections or half reed, and then over and
under one or more rollers, either stationary or révolving, to a roller or beam,
which, being turned on its axis either by hand or power, takes up all the threads
and forms them into a warp or warps at once, thus combining the processes
of winding and warping, as will be evident to all persons conversant with
manufacturing woven fabrics.
To unite the dressing and sizing processes with our said operation, it is only
necessary to place one of the ordinary sizing or dressing machines near our said
apparatus and pass the warp threads from it to and through the sizing trough
and over drying cylinders in the ordinary way to the beam or roller, on which
it is wound, as before stated, completely ready for the loom. This process
dispenses entirely with what is technically called "beaming."

page_text: Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we consider it unnecessary to
give Drawings of the apparatus, it being so very simple that any person at
all conversant with the subject will understand its construction, and arrange-
ment of the several parts, therefore we wish it to be distinctly understood
that we do not confine ourselves to any particular shape or size of the said
apparatus, nor to any number of them, as several may be used if necessary;
but we claim as our Invention, and which, to the best of our knowledge and
belief, has not been hitherto used within the realm, the placing of cops in
a vertical position on a stage or stages, passing the threads upwards through
a sieve-like apparatus, or over rods or bars and through a half reed or wraith
to and through the sizing and dressing machine to the beam or roller in one
continuous operation, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Wheeler, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Joseph Hacking, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Seventeenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Wheeler, in the pre-
sence of
W WHEELER. (L.8.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Wheeler, in the pre-
sence of
W WHEELER. (L.B.)
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.