IMPROVEMENTS IN FANCY OR FIGURE WEAVING MACHINERY
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Cléo Chevron, of No. 82, Boulevard Sébastopol,
Paris, in the Empire of France, Mechanician, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FANCY OR FIGURE WEAVING MACHINERY."
Sealed the 29th October 1867, and dated the 3rd May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Cléo Chevron at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
May 1867.
I, CLÉO CHEVRON, of No. 82, Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris, in the Empire
of France, Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FANCY OR FIGURE WEAVING MACHINERY," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for weaving
figured fabrics in imitation of the Indian cashmeres with an economy in time,
labour, and material, and consists in adapting to the jacquard and other
similar looms an improved plunger, comb, lifting blades, and winding-off
apparatus, which several parts and improvements are herein defined as
follows, viz-The plunger is composed of a frame the metal bands of which
bearing the shuttles are placed one behind the other, and are movable either
in a vertical or horizontal position; they are placed above the comb and in
front of the lifting blades, and are borne upon arms or uprights turning on
their own axes.

page_text: The difference between and advantages of this arrangement over the
old system is that in the latter the bands being all connected plunge together
in the warp, whilst in the former, being separate and working independently,
one and any of the colours may be so employed when required, which not only
simplifies labour, but is likewise a security against damage to the warp threads
by breakage, which in the old system is not of unfrequent occurrence. The
comb differs from those in use in that the lower set of teeth are of metal, and
the upper ones of thread, silk, or cotton. The lifting blades are of metal and
are placed between the tapestries and the comb behind the plunger, the upper
ends are connected to an horizontal metal band, whilst the lower ones are
furnished with plumb lines. These blades move on the pins connecting them
to the bands, and by a vertical movement they pass between the warp threads,
each one drawn along by its plumb line, forming as many spaces as there are
shuttles employed.
The winding-off apparatus consists of a ratchet placed to the unrolling
pulley, which turns a single tooth at the first movement of the shuttle between
the threads of the warp, although when the last series is reached it has
made of a revolution, it then becomes attached to the cylinder, and continues
to turn naturally from the second movement of the shuttle till the unwinding is
effected and the cylinder shews the first colour; with the exception of the
additional turn the pulley makes it would only just unwind the cards already
passed. The movement of this ratchet is effected by cords which raise a pawl
when desired to set the pulley in motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters: Patent, filed
by the said Cléo Chevron in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
October 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CLEO CHEVRON,
of No. 82, Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris, in the Empire of France, Mechanician,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand. eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Cléo Chévron, Her special licence that I, the said Cléo Chevron, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Cleo
Chevron, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agreo

page_text: with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FANCY OR FIGURE
WEAVING, MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Cléo Chévron, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Cléo Chevron, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for weaving
figured fabrics in imitation of the Indian cachmeers with an economy in time,
Jabour, and material, and consists in adapting to the jacquard and other
similar looms an, improved plunger, comb, lifting blades, and winding-off
apparatus, which several parts and improvements are herein defined, as
follows, viz., the plunger is composed of a frame, the metal bands of which
bearing the shuttles are placed one behind the other, and are movable either
in a vertical or horizontal position; they are placed above the comb and in
front of the lifting blades, and are borne upon arms or uprights turning on
their own axes.
The
The difference between and advantages of this arrangement over the old
system is, that in. the latter the bands being all connected plunged together in
the warp,. whilst in the former being separate and working independently, one
and any of the colours may be so employed when required, which not only
simplifies labour, but is likewise a security against damage to the warp threads.
by breakage, which in the old system is not of unfrequent occurrence.
comb differs from those in use in that the lower set of teeth are of metal and:
the upper ones of thread, silk, or cotton; it is movable, and when lowered the
part consisting of the metal teeth disappears completely behind the lower part
of. the loom, the only part visible being the flexible portion which disperses on
following the impulsion of the lifting blades. These latter are of metal, and
are placed between the tapestries and the comb behind the plunger; the
upper ends are connected to an horizontal metal band, whilst the lower ones
are furnished with plumb lines. These blades move on the pins connecting

page_text: them to the bands, and by a vertical motion they pass between the warp
threads, each one drawn along by its plumb line, forming as many spaces as
there are shuttles employed.
The winding-off apparatus consists of a ratchet placed to the unrolling pulley
which turns a single tooth at the first movement of the shuttle between the
threads of the warp although when the last series is reached it has made one
quarter of a turn, it then becomes attached to the cylinder, and continues to
unwind naturally from the second movement of the shuttle till the unwinding
is effected and the cylinder shews the first colour. With the exception of the
additional quarter turn the pulley makes it would only just unwind the cards
already passed. The movement of this ratchet is effected by cords which
raise a pawl when desired to set the pulley in motion during the first move-
ment of the shuttle, and to abandon it to the second.
A, A, Fig. 1, are the upright arms of the loom; B, B, is the cross bar or
beam on which the comb and its accessories are mounted; C, C, is the lower
or metal part of the comb; D, D, D, is the upper part thereof, in silk,
thread, or cotton; E, E, is the upper movable cross beam of the comb, and
moves perpendicularly; F, F, are rollers attached to the cross beam E, E,
and lower it in passing under the guides of the plunger; G, G, G, is the metal
plate forming the upper part of the comb to which the teeth are adapted;
H, H, is a metal plate placed below and in front of the lower part of the
comb; I, I, I, are guides to the shuttles when the latter are in the interior
of the warp; j, j, are rollers against which the piece m fixes itself in order
to maintain a constant harmony between the plate H and the bands of the
shuttle R; K, K, K, K, are uprights bearing the plunger; L, L, L, L, is
the body of the plunger; M, M, M, M, are the interior bands of the plunger;
m, are guides maintaining the bands in front of the shuttle guides I, I, I;
N, N, is the part of the bands forming the hook, and which serve to make
them plunge in the warp; 0, 0, are springs attached to the upper part of the
plunger and lower part of the bands in order to raise them when the action of
the hooks P, P, ceases; P, P, P, P, is the hook fixed to a pedal, and which
causes the plunger to plunge in the warp; Q, Q, are guides to the plunger
serving to fold the comb when it is placed under the plunger; R, R, R, R, is the
upper part of the plunger bearing the tie pieces which separate and maintain
the bands M in their respective positions; R¹, R', R', are the bands bearing
the shuttles S¹, S¹; S, S, S, S, is the part of the plunger which bears the
movable tie pieces serving to change the guide bands U, U, which are
placed on the face of the tie pieces in the interior of the plunger; V, V, V, is
the mechanism causing a right and left motion of the upper part of the

page_text: guides U, U, which are separated at X; Y, Y, is the movement which sets
the shuttle in motion when the bands M, M, are sunk in the warp; Z is the
lever which works with the same pedal as the hook P.
1, 1, is a beetle fixed under the transverse bar B of the loom, and which is
put in contact by the recoil of the loom; 2, 2, is an horizontal shaft borne
by the uprights K, K, K, K, of the plunger, and which serves to limit the
course of the loom under the plunger and that of the hooks P, P, so as to
stop them above the band N which plunges; 3, 3, is a slide or slot made in
the interior of the uprights of the hooks P, P, and in which a pin slides fixed
to the shaft 2; it is by this means that the hooks are drawn along to the
band N which travels; 4, Fig. 2, is a thin band forming a spring which is
fixed to the movable bands R¹ for fixing the heads (5) of the shuttles; 6 is a
small tube soldered to the upper part of the shuttles, in which is a spring
serving to bring back the weft threads; 7, Fig. 3, are transverse bands on
which the movable lifting blades are rivited so as to move freely; 8 are the
metal lifting blades; 9 are plumb lines serving to draw the blades along in
the warp; 10, Fig. 4, is the frame of the unrolling apparatus; 11 is the
ratchet; 12, the upper movable pawl; 13, the lower movable pawl; 14 and
15 are levers of the apparatus.
Having thus described my Invention, what I desire to secure by Letters
Patent is, the improved plunger, comb, lifting blades, and unrolling appa-
ratus, as herein described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings,
reserving to myself the right of modifying the form and dimensions of the
several parts.
In witness whereof, I, the said Cleo Chévron, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
CLEO CHEVRON. (L.S.)