Improvements in Hoisting and Lifting Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1892-Accepted, 23rd July, 1892
0
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hoisting and Lifting Apparatus.
I, GEORGE SAMUEL BAKER of 58 City Road in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to hoisting and lifting apparatus and has for its object to
simplify the construction thereof.
The apparatus consists of a drum (herein referred to as the winding drum) upon
which the hoisting chain, rope or equivalent is wound and which is preferably
formed in one with a bevel toothed wheel. This wheel at diametrically opposite
points gears with two bevel pinions of which one (hereinafter referred to as the
fast pinion) is keyed on the driving shaft and the other (hereinafter referred to as
the loose pinion) is loose upon the driving shaft which in this arrangement is at
right angles to the shaft of the winding drum. The wheel and two pinions are
preferably formed with double-helical or angular teeth.
The loose pinion is prevented from moving longitudinally on the driving shaft
and at the side farthest from the drum shaft its boss terminates in a combined
clutch and cam face that is to say it is formed with teeth the inclined or helical
faces of which act as cams and throw the brake into operation, and the other faces
serve to lock the said loose pinion to its appropriate belt or equivalent driving
pulley. There are three of these pulleys, one keyed to the driving shaft and
serving to rotate the winding drum through the fast pinion, a second or middle one
Berving as the loose pulley and the before mentioned or third pulley for rotating
the winding drum through the loose pinion. This third pulley is keyed on a sleeve
which rotates freely on the driving shaft and at its end nearest the drum shaft is
formed with a combined clutch and cam face adapted to engage with the corre-
sponding face of the loose pinion. This loose sleeve which is capable of moving to
a short extent longitudinally on the driving shaft also carries a disc which by the
conjoint operation of the before described cam faces is pressed into frictional
contact with a fixed friction disc or collar the position of which is preferably
adjustable. Either or both of these discs may be provided with wooden or other
blocks or faces or they may be otherwise formed so as to present the necessary
amount of frictional resistance.
The apparatus is driven by a single belt which is moved from one pulley to
This cam is
another by a fork carried on a bar operated by means of a cam.
secured on a shaft which may be rotated by means of a drum and a chain, rope or
equivalent coiled thereon and is preferably formed helical but with a period of
"awell
at its centre part. When the apparatus is employed for operating a
passenger lift the last named chain or rope passes through the "cage" or lift
chamber.
Whenever the driving belt is moved on to the loose pulley the weight on the
hoisting chain through the drum and its gear wheel tends to rotate the loose pinion
and by the cams, immediately throws the brake into operation the weight being
thereby sustained; the same result is attained should the belt be broken.
If desired I can by suitably modifying the gearing arrange the driving shaft and
winding-drum shaft parallel instead of at right angles to each other as in the
foregoing example and in other respects I can modify the before described apparatus
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Dated this 5th day of September 1891.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hoisting and Lifting Apparatus.
I, GEORGE SAMUEL BAKER, of 58 City Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention relates to hoisting and lifting apparatus and has for its object
to simplify the construction thereof.
The apparatus consists of a drum (herein referred to as the winding drum) upon
which the hoisting chain, rope or equivalent is wound and which is preferably
formed in one with a bevel toothed wheel. This wheel, at diametrically opposite
points, gears with two bevel pinions of which one (hereinafter referred to as the
fast pinion) is keyed on the driving shaft and the other (hereinafter referred to as
the loose pinion) is loose upon the driving shaft which in this arrangement is at
right angles to the shaft of the winding drum. The wheel and two pinions are
preferably formed with double-helical or angular teeth.
The loose pinion is prevented from moving longitudinally on the driving shaft
and at the side farthest from the drum shaft its boss terminates in n combined
clutch and cam-face, that is to say it is formed with teeth the inclined or helical
faces of which act as cams and throw the brake into operation, and the other faces
serve to lock the said loose pinion to its appropriate belt or equivalent driving-
pulley. There are three of these pulleys, one keyed to the driving shaft and
serving to rotate the winding-drum through the fast pinion, a second or middle one
serving as the loose pulley, and the before mentioned or third pulley for rotating
the winding drum through the loose pinion. This third pulley is keyed on a sleeve
which rotates freely on the driving shaft and at its end nearest the drum-shaft is
formed with a combined clutch and cam-face adapted to engage with the corre
sponding face of the loose pinion. This loose sleeve, which is capable of moving,
to a short extent, longitudinally on the driving shaft, also carries a disc which by
the conjoint operation of the before-described cam-faces, is pressed into. frictional
contact with a fixed friction-disc or collar, the position of which is preferably
adjustable. Either or both of these discs may be provided with wooden or other
blocks or faces or they may be otherwise formed so as to present the necessary
amount of frictional resistance.
The apparatus is driven by a single belt which is moved from one pulley to
another by a fork carried on a bar operated by means of a cam. This cam is
secured on a shaft, which may be rotated by means of a drum and a chain, rope or
equivalent coiled thereon, and is preferably formed helical but with a period of
"dwell" at its centre part. When the apparatus is employed for operating a
passenger lift the last-named chain or rope passes through the " cage or lift-
chamber.
Whenever the driving belt is moved on to the loose pulley the weight on the
hoisting chain through the drum and its gear wheel tends to rotate the loose pinion
and, by the cans, immediately throws the brake into operation, the weight being
thereby sustained; the same result is attained should the belt be broken.
If desired I can by suitably modifying the gearing arrange the driving-shaft and
winding-drum shaft parallel instead of at right angles to each other as in the fore-
going example, and in other respects I can modify the before-described apparatus
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In the accompanying drawings,

page_text: Fig. 4 is a detail of the pulleys and brake mechanism.
Like letters represent like parts throughout the drawings.
Referring first to Figures 1, 2 and 4, A is the drum or barrel to be revolved,
B the bevel wheel secured upon the same shaft as the drum, or forming part thereof,
C the shaft to which the pinion D is secured, and which also carries the driving
pulleys of which E is keyed or otherwise fixed upon the shaft C, F is a loose pulley
adapted to turn freely upon the shaft C and G is a pulley secured to the sleeve H,
which is capable of turning upon the shaft C, and bears the brake disc I secured to or
forming part of it. The pinion J is loose upon the shaft C and retained in position
between the collar C¹ and the sleeve H, a slight amount of longitudinal play being
allowed to the sleeve H. The boss of the pinion J and the end of the sleeve H
are formed into a clutch having inclined or cam-faces J' and H' so that when the
pulley G is revolved by its belt in the direction of the arrow in Figure 1, the
clutch causes the pinion J to be turned also in the same direction. The pulley G
and pinion J are employed for unwinding the drum A while the pulley E and the
pinion D are employed for driving the drum in the reverse direction and winding
up the load, the tendency of the load upon the drum being to revolve it in the
direction of the arrow in Figure 2.
The necessary plummer-blocks and bearings etc. are provided and may be
secured to the bed-plate K as will be well understood, and which also carries the
brackets L to which is secured by the bolts M the fixed brake-ring N against
which the brake-disc I bears when forced against it by the action of the sam
faces H¹ J¹. It will thus be seen that should the belt upon the pulley E break
or give way for any reason the load would immediately turn the wheel B in the
direction of the arrow, thus driving the pinion J in the direction indicated by the
arrow in Figure 1, so as to cause the cam-face J'acting upon the cam-face H¹
to force the sleeve H away from it thus bringing the brake-ring I into close
contact with the fixed ring N and so stopping the further turning of the pinion J,
the wheel B and the drum A. I¹ are wooden or other blocks secured in the
brake-ring for the purpose of increasing the hold upon the fixed ring N. The
brake would be applied in a similar manner should the belt upon the pulley G
give way while lowering or should for any reason the power which usually holds
or raises the load, say the cage of a lift, be unexpectedly relaxed.
The operation of the apparatus, shown in Figure 3, is the same as the former
one, the difference being that instead of bevel gearing, spur gearing is employed
and the axis of the drum is parallel with the shaft C, whereas in the former case
it is at right angles thereto.
The belt is moved from pulley to pulley by means of the yoke O carried upon
the sliding bar P arranged to slide in bearings Q fixed to the bed-plate K.
Upon the sliding bar P is a stud P¹ which engages with the cam groove R¹ of the
drum R which is fixed to the shaft S carried in the bearing T and having the
pulley U by which the shaft S can be revolved by means of a cord, chain or
equivalent. The spiral groove R' as shown in the drawings, is provided with a
central non-spiral portion, which extends for about half-way around the drum in a
plane perpendicular to the axis of the drum, while at each side of this portion the
spiral form is adopted. By this arrangement when the drum is turned the yoke is
rapidly moved from one of the driving pulleys to the loose pulley and then remains
for a time upon that loose pulley before it proceeds to the next driving pulley,
whereby a too-sudden shock upon the winding apparatus is avoided. With this
arrangement a single belt is sufficient to drive the drum in either direction, while
shock is avoided by the particular gear employed for operating the belt-yoke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,―
1. In an apparatus such as described the combination of a sleeve such as H

page_text: pulley G brake-ring I toothed wheel or pinion J and clutch with cam faces such
as J H¹ the whole constructed and operating substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In an apparatus such as described a cam clutch substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In an apparatus such as described the combination with a toothed wheel or
pinion J and brake-ring I of a clutch with cam faces such as J¹ H' the whole
constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In an apparatus such as described the combination with a driving shaft C
carrying fast and loose pulleys E and F of a sleeve such as H carrying a driving
pulley G and brake-ring I and toothed wheel or pinion such as J connected with H
by a cam-clutch whereby driving in reverse directions with a single belt and safety
braking in case of accident are secured substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete hoisting
and lifting apparatus substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 28th day of May 1892.
GEORGE SAMUEL BAKER.
W. P. Thompson & Boult.
Agents for the Applicant.
GEORGE SAMUEL BAKER.
W. P. Thompson & Boult.
Agents for the Applicant.