NEW OR IMPROVED MAGAZINE HEATING STOVE WITH FLUES FOR THE. CIRCULATION OF AIR AND VENTILATION
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Morgan, Secretary of the Inventors Patentright
Association, Limited, of 21, Cockspur Street, Charing Cross, Westminster,
in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED
MAGAZINE HEATING STOVE WITH FLUES FOR THE. CIRCULATION OF AIR AND
VENTILATION." A communication from abroad by Otto Elterich, of Nurenberg,
Ravaria
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Morgan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1881.
THOMAS MORGAN, Secretary of the Inventors Patentright Association, Limited,
of 21, Cockspur Street, Charing Cross, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex.
"NEW OR IMPROVED MAGAZINE HEATING STOVE WITH FLUES FOR THE CIRCU-
LATION OF AIR AND VENTILATION." (A. communication from abroad by Otto
Elterich, of Nurenberg, Bavaria)
This Invention consists mainly of a transportable magazine heating stove with
flues for the circulation of air and ventilation. In order that my Invention may
be better understood I will describe same by referring to the accompanying
Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the stove with shell for the circulation
and ventilation arranged for coal and coke; the stove proper with the magazine is
cut in one piece.
On an iron bottom plate a rests a cylinder b carrying the fire pot c, the fire
grates d, d', and the trunnion bar f with its lugs e.
Under the grates is placed the ash pit g. Above the fire pot c is placed the
other part of the stove, closed on the top by the tight fitting lid or cover b. Above
the fire pot c the fire space is widened, forming a large hot air room or chamber,
and offering a large heating surface towards the outside of the stove. The con-
struction of the stove is such as to prevent the escape of gases or smoke. By
preference four flues i, i, and i, i, pass through the widened firespace vertically,
the two i, i, on the rear side being arranged for the admission of cold air, and the
two i, i, in the front for the exit of the heated air.
The recesses between these four channels are provided on three sides with doors
(having plates of mica), the one on the rear side receiving the smoke flue k. The
FD

page_text: lower cylinder 6 is provided with a small door 7 for admission to the grates, and
this door can be got at by opening the door g arranged in the shell m. The
outer shell m, made of porcelain, china, or iron, and connected by hoops and
screws, is supported by the same bottom plate a, thus surrounding the inner
stove."
To prevent bursting of the shell by heating or cooling, same is composed of
several parts loosely united, so that each one has room enough to expand freely
under the influence of beat.
On the lower part of the stove projecting backwards are arranged two channels
n and o, the lower n for the admission of cold air, be it from a neighbouring
chamber or from the outer atmosphere, the upper channel o for conducting the
heated air. Both channels can be closed by sliding or flap dampers p. The shell m
is open in front at its lower part to receive the door q as already stated. This
door is provided with a movable air register, through which and through a second
register in the upper part of the ash pit g cold air I carried below the fire grates.
In connection with the register r is another register on the rear part of the
cylinder 6 communicating with the flues, the upper part of which opens into the
smoke flue / behind the flap damper t. The register 7 is opened for the purpose
of leading the air passing through direct into the smoke Ĥlue k instead of into
the fire, thus obtaining slower combustion.
•
The grates d, d, have large openings, and are connected by a spindle or centre
stud pivotted in a hole in the middle of the trunnion bar f, whose ends are
pivotted in lugs e projecting from the cylinder b, so that the upper grate may have
a vibratory movement on the horizontal surface of the lower grate, and that both
grates may be tilted to dump the coal. The upper grate d has cast on its rim an
upturned end with a hole, wherein a poker can be inserted for the purpose of
turning it on the lower grate d³, thus widening or narrowing the openings in the
grates, so that stones and clinkers can fall out. The lower grate is prevented from
shaking with the upper one by a tooth resting in a corresponding recess of the
lug e. The bottom plate a has between the shell m and the cylinder 6 four
openings x, x, and x, xl, corresponding with the flues i, i, and i, i¹, which can be
opened or closed by a ring y covering these openings in such a way that the
openings x, x, are closed when x', ', are open, and vice versa. The ring y is moved
by a handle standing out from the shell. On the upper part of the stove two
openings 1, 1, are cut in its periphery fitted with a ring or sliding follower on
the inner side to permit the exit of heated air. Two vertical strips 2, 2, running
up to nearly the cover plate divide the space between the stove and the shell in
two parts.
The way of operating the stove is as follows:-
The fire is built up in the fire pot c above the grate d, and then having removed
the cover h the conical shaped magazine is filled with coal or coke; the combustion
thus gradually rises from below. The products of combustion escape through the
smoke flue k, which can be regulated by the damper t having in the middle a
perforation, so that this damper cannot close completely. The air necessary for
the combustion is admitted through the adjustable register r in the door g. If a
slow combustion is desired, the damper t is opened a little, r is closed more or less
in proportion to the desired slow combustion, and the register admitting cold
air into the flue & is opened. By opening the register B arranged above the smoke
flue K cold air can be introduced directly to the fire from, above, and the result
will be a slower combustion. The circulation and ventilation can be worked in
the following manner :-
B
:
The cold air enters (from a neighbouring.chamber or from the open air) through
the channel n, rises between the shell m and the cylinder 6 in the flues i, i, in
the direction of the arrows 3, passes over the strip 2, and flows either directly
into the room through the openings 1, 1, of the ring z (in the direction of the
arrows 4), or the openings 1, 1, remaining closed, and x, x, in the bottom plate a
being opened, the heated air is led on and descends in the direction of arrows 5
1

page_text: through the flues i, i, escaping through x, x, heating the lower part of the chamber.
Should the heated air be used for a neighbouring room the channel o is to be
connected with said room by pipes, and the openings 1, 1, and x, x, are closed by
the rings and y. The air then circulates in the same way, descends behind the
strip 2 in the direction of the arrows 5, and is carried through the channel A
(here traversing the strip 2, Fig. 5) in the direction of the arrows 6 to the hot air
outlet o, and through the connecting pipes into the other room. The smoke flue k
has on its upper side an opening to receive a vessel with water for evaporation.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through a stove to be heated with wood or peat.
The magazine can here be dispensed with, also the fire pot c, the grates d, d³,
lugs e, and trunnion bar f, in place of which only one grate made in two parts is.
used. The regulation, circulation, and ventilation are the same as described with
reference to Fig. 1. In the case of the stove being used as a cooking stove it is
made lower, as indicated by the line G, F (Fig. 2), and the cover plate h cạn be
taken off to present an opening for cooking.
Fig. 3, front elevation of the stove, showing, the upper openings for the exit of
hot air i, i, open; Fig. 4, cross section through line A, B, in Fig. 1 with opened
flue n for cold air, the two partition strips 2, 2, and the free openings x, x, for hot
air, flue 8, and register r being closed.
Fig. 5, cross section through C, D, in Fig. 1 with flue A traversing the strip 2
with flue o and closed openings, .
'
Fig. 6, cross section through E, F, in Fig. 1 with the flues for cold air i³, i,
and the flues for warm air i, i, the three recesses between them and the smoke
flue K.
Fig. 7, view of the rings with four openings a, aœ, and x¹, œ².
Fig. 8, section through the upper part of shell m.
Fig. 9, view of the iron ring for hooping the parts of shell.
Fig. 10, longitudinal section through the upper part of shell m showing the
connection of parts with rings and screws (without pulley).
Fig. 11, side elevation of the fire pot c with the lower edge toothed or slotted,
thus forming finger-like projections; Fig. 12, top view of the fire pot made in two
parts, so as to admit an easy way of substituting the parts when used without
dismounting the stove. The firepot is provided in its inner periphery with small
projecting ribs running in a vertical direction, and forining air channels between
the fuel and the body of the fire pot, thus weakening the destructive action of the
heat.
Fig. 13, upper revolving grate d with cross section.
Fig. 14, lower grate d' with cross section.
Fig. 15, top view of grates d, d¹.
Fig. 16, trunnion bar f, top and side elevation.
Fig. 17 represents a sectional view (through cylinder 6) of an arrangement for
burning soft coal. The sides of cylinder b are provided with two vertical ribs e,
on which the upper grate d rests stationary while the lower grate (Fig. 19) can
be moved up and down along the said ribs e. The lower grate is provided with

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd September
⚫ 1881.
THOMAS MORGAN (Secretary of the Inventors Patentright Association, Limited),
of 21, Cockspur Street, Charing Cross, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex.
'NEW OR IMPROVED MAGAZINE HEATING STOVE WITH FLUES FOR THE CIRCU-
LATION OF AIR AND VENTILATION." (A communication from abroad by Otto
Elterich, of Nurenberg, Bavaria.)
This Invention consists of a transportable magazine heating stove, with flues for
the circulation of air and ventilation. In order that my Invention may be clearly
understood I will describe same by referring to the accompanying Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the stove, with shell for the circulation
and ventilation, arranged for coal and coke. The stove proper with the magazine
is cut in one piece. On a level with the bottom a rests a cylinder 6 carrying the
b
fire pot c, the fire grates d, d, and the trunnion bar f with its lugs e. Under the
grate is placed the ash pit g. Above the fire-pot c is placed the other part of
the stove, closed on the top by the tight fitting lid or cover b. Above the fire pot c
the fire space is widened, forming a large hot air room or chamber, and offering a
large heating surface towards the outside of the stove. The construction of the
stove is such as to prevent the escape of gases or smoke. By preference four
flues i, i, and i¹, ¹, pass through the fire space vertically, the two 1, 2, on the rear
side being arranged for the admission of cold air, and the two i, i, in front for the
exit of the heated air. The recesses between these four channels are provided on
three sides with doors (having plates of mica), the one on the rear side receiving
the smoke flue k. The lower cylinder b is provided with a small door 7 for
admission to the grates, and this door can be got at by opening the door g
arranged in the shell m. The outer shell m, made of porcelain, china, or iron, and
connected by hoops and screws, is supported by the same bottom plate a, thus
surrounding the inner stove. To prevent bursting of the shell by heating or cooling,
same is composed of several parts, loosely united, so that each one has room enough
to expand freely under the influence of heat. On the lower part of the stove,
projecting backwards, are arranged two channels n, o, the lower n for the admission
of cold air from a neighbouring chamber, or from the outer atmosphere, the upper
channel o for conducting the heated air. Both channels can be closed by sliding or
flap dampers p. The shell m is open in front at its lower part to receive the
door 9, as already stated. This door is provided with a movable air register r,
through which and through a second register in the upper part of the ash pit g
cold air is carried below the fire grates. In connection with a register r is another
register on the rear part of the cylinder 6 communicating with the flue 8, the
upper part of which opens into the smoke flue k behind the flap damper t. The
register is opened for the purpose of leading the air passing through ŕ direct into
the smoke flue k instead of into the fire, thus obtaining slower combustion. The
grates d, d', have large openings, and are connected by a. spindle or centre stud
pivotted in a hole in the middle of the trunnion bar f, whose ends are pivotted in
lugs c projecting from the cylinder b, so that the upper grate may have a vibratory
movement on the horizontal surface of the lower grate, and that both grates may
be tilted to dump the coal. The upper grate d has cast on its rim. an. upturned end
with a hole, wherein a poker can be inserted for the purpose of turning it on the
lower grated, thus widening or narrowing the openings in the grates, so that
stones and clinkers can fall out. The lower grate is prevented from shaking with
the upper one by a tooth resting in a corresponding recess of the lug e. The

page_text: bottom plate a has between the shell m and the cylinder 6 four openings α, ï,
and a, ¹, corresponding with the flues i, i, and ,, which can.be.opened.or
closed by a ring y, covering these openings in such a way that the openings x, x,
are closed when x1, x¹, are open, and vice versa. The ring y is moved by a handle
standing out from the shell. On the upper part of the stove two openings j,j, are
cut in its periphery fitted with a ring or sliding follower on the inner side to
permit of the exit of heated air. Two vertical strips 2, 2, running up to nearly
the cover plate divide the space between the stove and the shell in two parts.. The
way of operating the stove is as follows:-The fire is built up in the fire pot c
above the grate d, and then; having removed the cover h, the conical shaped
magazine is filled with coal or coke. The combustion thus gradually rises from
below. The products of combustion escape through the smoke flue k, which can be
regulated by the damper t, having in the middle a perforation, so that this damper
cannot close completely. The air necessary for the combustion is admitted through
the adjustable register in the door q. If slow combustion is desired the damper t
is opened a little; r is closed more or less in proportion to the desired slow com-
bustion, and the register admitting cold air into the flues is opened. By opening
the register B arranged above the smoke flue K cold air can be introduced directly
to the fire from above, and the result will be a slower combustion.
The circulation and ventilation can be worked in the following manner :-
The cold air enters (from a neighbouring chamber or from the open air) through
the channel n, rises between the shell m and the cylinder 6 in the flues i, i, in the
direction of the arrows 3, passes over the strip 2, and flows either directly into the
room through the openings 1, 1, of the ring (in the direction of the arrows 4),
or the openings 1, 1, remaining closed and a, a, in the bottom plate a being opened
the heated air is led on and descends in the direction of arrows 5 through the
flues i, i, escaping through x, x, heating the lower part of the chamber. Should
the heated air be used for a neighbouring room the channel o is to be connected
with said room by pipes, and the openings 1, 1, and a, a, are closed by the rings
and y. The air then circulates in the same way, descends behind the strip 2 in
the direction of the arrows 5, and is carried through the channel A (here traversing
the strip 2, Fig. 5) in the direction of the arrows 6 to the hot air outlet o, and
through the connecting pipes into the other room. The smoke flue K has on its
upper side an opening to receive a vessel with water for evaporation. Fig. 2 is a
longitudinal section through a stove to be heated with wood or peat. The
magazine can here be dispensed with, also the fire pot c, the grates dị, d¹, lugs e,
and trunnion bar f, in place of which only one grate made in two parts is used.
The regulation, circulation, and ventilation are the same as described with
reference to Fig. 1. In the case of the stove being used as a cooking stove it is
made lower, as indicated by the line G, F, (Fig. 2) and the cover plate, etc., can be
taken off to present an opening for working. Fig. 3, front elevation of the stove,
showing the upper openings for the exit of hot air i, i, open; Fig. 4, cross section
through line A, B, in Fig. 1, with opened flue n for cold air, the two partition
strips 2, 2, and the free openings a, a, for hot air, flue a and register being closed;
Fig. 5, cross section through C, D, in Fig. 1, with flue A traversing the strip 2,
with flue o, and closed openings x, a; Fig. 6, cross section through E, F, in
Fig. 1, with the flues for cold air i, i¹, and flues for warm air i, i, the three
recesses between them, and the smoke flue K; Fig. 7, view of the ring y, with four
openings a,, and ³, 1; Fig. 8, section through the upper part of shell m;
Fig. 9, view of the iron ring for hooping the parts of shell; Fig. 10, longitudinal
section through the upper part of shell m, showing the connection of parts with
rings and screws (without pulley); Fig. 11, side elevation of the fire pot c, with
the lower edge toothed or slotted, thus forming finger like projections; Fig. 12, top
view of the tire pot, made in two parts so as to admit an easy way of substituting
the parts when used without dismounting the stove. The fire pot is provided in
its inner periphery with small projecting ribs running in a vertical direction, and
forming air channels between the fuel and the body of the fire pot, thus weakening

page_text: the destructive action of the heat. Fig. 13, upper revolving grate d with cross
section; Fig. 14, lower grate d³ with cross section; Fig. 15, top view of grates d, d¹;
Fig. 16, trunnion bar f, top and side elevation; Fig. 17, sectional view through
cylinder 6 of an arrangement for burning soft coal. The sides of cylinder 6 are
provided with two vertical ribs e, on which the upper grate & rests stationary {
while the lower grate (Fig. 19) can be moved up and down along the said ribs e.
The lower grate is provided with as many points as there are holes in the upper
grate. Between these points are holes, indicated by dots in Fig. 19. A lever l
having its fulcrum at D can be worked by pushing a handle C on its outer end,
whereby the points of grate d' enter the holes of upper grate d, thus cleaning the 1
passages and breaking the mass of coal above. Fig. 18, top view of the grate d,
with cylinder b, ribs e, and fulcrum D; Fig. 19, top view of lower grate d³, with
points and holes between these points for the passage of ashes; Fig. 20, underside
view of grate d¹ with lever C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said 1
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in
practice, I hereby declare that I claim as my Invention, the construction of stove
represented in Figs. 1 to 20, and especially,-
(1.) The arrangement of the fireplace, allowing of the use of various of kinds of
fuel, wood, turf, coal, coke, etc., with an outer shell of any suitable form and material 5
for a continual circulation of the air.
(2.) The application of two grates & and d, one having a vibratory motion upon
the other for widening or narrowing the openings between the grate bars, as
described with reference to Figs. 13, 14, and 15.
(3.) The construction of the fire pot c in two parts (Figs. 11 and 12), provided
with inuer projecting ribs, for the purpose set forth.
(4.) The construction of the grates d³, d, substantially as described with reference
to Figs. 17 to 20.
(5.) The construction of the fire space (Figs. 1 and 2) so as to change it at any
time for the use of coal or wood by changing the grates d and d', the fire-pot c, and {
the magazine without unmounting the stove.
(6.) The construction of the outer shell m, which can freely expand and
contract under the influence of the temperature, without the necessity of employing
putty, etc.
(7.) The arrangement of the channels, flues, and registers n, o, a, a, x, x², x², &
,, r, r, A and B to change the ventilation into circulation, or vice
versa.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Morgan, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sights one