IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Haughton, Thomas Thompson, and
Stoddart Peile, composing the Firm of Haughton and Thompson,
of Carlisle, in the County of Cumberland, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES.".
Sealed the 2nd October 1874, and dated the 16th April 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Haughton,
Thomas Thompson, and Stoddart Peile at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th April 1874.
We, JOSEPH HAUGHTON, THOMAS THOMPSON, and STODDART PEILE,
composing the Firm of Haughton and Thompson, of Carlisle, in the
County of Cumberland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES," to be as follows:-
.
Our Invention relates to improvements in horse hay rakes, whereby
the tines are both thrown up and brought down again by the power of
the horse; also to the means of adjusting the height of the tines from
the ground to rake higher or lower as required...

page_text: Horse rakes have already been constructed to throw the tines up by
the power of the horse, but such are only single acting, that is to say,
the tines are raised only by the movement of the machine and allowed
to drop by their own gravity or with the assistance of the operator to
bring them to their raking position, and when they drop on to higher
ground than that on which the wheels rest the tine heads sometimes
require lifting by the operator, whose attention is thus so much occupied
that the horse is liable to wander.
In some rakes-no provision is made for lifting the tine heads, the tines
being merely allowed to drop on the ground, which necessitates the tine 1
points being so blunt that they will not penetrate the crop properly.
Now by our Invention the labor of the operator is reduced to a mere
momentary pressure of the foot if riding, or of the hand if walking, the
power of the horse through the movement of the machine being em-
ployed to quadrate or raise the tines up, and also to bring them down 1
again into their raking position (instead of allowing them to drop
suddenly) so that the operator's hands are left quito free to drive the
horsc.
According to our Invention we apply a crank motion to work or
quadrate the tines by the movement of the machine in the following 2
manner: A ratchet wheel mounted on a stud or pivot on the framing
of the machine is rotated continuously by gearing from the main axle,
and upon the same pivot is slipped a crank disc, which is by a connecting
rod geared with the frame carrying the tine heads, so that by a revolution
of said disc the tines will be quadrated or thrown up and lowered again 2
into position for raking. The said crank disc is loose on its pivot, and
carries a spring pawl, by which it may be geared with the ratchet wheel,
so that the wheel and disc will be rotated together, but when the tines
are in their normal position for raking the pawl is held back out of gear
by means of a catch.
8
In order to quadrate the tines the pawl is released by the movement
of a foot trippet or hand lever, and allowed to gear with the ratchet
wheel, whereupon the crank disc is rotated and the tines are thrown up
and then lowered again. When the crank disc has performed one revo-
lution and arrives at or near the highest or dead point the pawl is 3
disconnected from the ratchet wheel by the said catch, and the tines are
held in their raking position.

page_text: In order to keep the tines elevated when the machine is travelling
over roads a second catch may be provided on the trippet, whereby the
pawl may be disconnected when the crank is at the lowest or dead point,
and the tines are consequently kept up.
In order to render the tines adjustable to various heights from the
ground the pivot on which the tine heads are mounted is carried by
brackets or castings supported in the following manner:-Upon the
main or wheel axle near each end, and at any intermediate position if
required, two arms are pivoted, diverging upwards and downwards' and
connected at their extremities to the upper and lower part of the said
bracket or casting, the three pieces forming a triangle. The upper arm.
is connected adjustably to the casting by a lug taking into one of a row
of holes, or by equivalent means, so that by altering the hole the height
of the tines from the ground may be regulated as required, and the row
of holes is made in a curve of such radius that in adjusting the tines.
their points will be raised or lowered in a line perpendicular to the
ground.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Haughton, Thomas Thompson, and Stoddart
Peile in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th October 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOSEPH
HAUGHTON, THOMAS THOMPSON, and STODDART PELLE, composing the
Firm of Haughton and Thompson, of Carlisle, in the County of Cum-
berland, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Haughton, Thomas
Thompson, and Stoddart Peile, Her special licence that we, the said
Joseph Haughton, Thomas Thompson, and Stoddart Peile, our executors,
administrators; and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph.
Haughton, Thomas Thompson, and Stoddart Peile, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should.at any time agree with and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
.

page_text: should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Haughton,
Thomas Thompson, and Stoddart Peile, our exccutors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Haughton, Thomas Thomp-
son, and Stoddart Peile, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say) :—
d
Our Invention relates to improvements in horse hay rakcs, whereby
the tines are both thrown up and brought down again by the power of
the horse; also to the means of adjusting the height of the tines from 2
the ground to rake higher or lower as required.
Horse rakes have already been constructed to throw the tines up by
the power of the horse, but such are only single acting, that is to say,
the tines are raised only by the movement of the machine and allowed
to drop by their own gravity or with the assistance of the attendant to
bring them to their raking position, and when they come to higher
ground than that on which the wheels rest the tine heads require lifting
by the attendant, whose attention is thus so much occupied that the
horse is liable to wander.
In some rakes no provision is made for lifting the tine heads, the tines
being merely allowed to drop on the ground, which necessitates the tine
points being so blunt that they will not penetrate the crop properly.
:
Now by our Invention the labor of the attendant is reduced to a mere
momentary pressure of the foot if riding, or of the hand if walking, the
power of the horse through the movement of the machine being em-
ployed to quadrate or raise the tines up, and also to bring them down

page_text: again into their raking position (instead of allowing them to drop
suddenly), so that the attendant's hands are left quite fee to manage the
horse.
According to our Invention we apply a crank motion to work or
quadrate the tines by the movement of the machine in the following
manner: A ratchet wheel mounted on a stud or pivot on the framing
of the machine is rotated continuously by gearing from the main axle,
and upon the same pivot is slipped a crank disc, which is by a connecting
rod geared with the frame carrying the tine heads, so that by a revolution
of the said disc the tines will be quadrated or thrown up and lowered
again into position for raking. The said crank disc is loose on its pivot,
and carries a spring pawl, by which it may be geared with the ratchet
wheel, so that the wheel and disc will be rotated together, but when the
tines are in their normal position for raking the pawl is held back out of
gear by means of a catch..
In order to quadrate the tines the pawl is released by the movement
of a foot trippet or hand lever and allowed to gear with the ratchet
wheel, whereupon the crank disc is rotated, and the tines are thrown up
and then lowered again. When the crank disc has performed one
revolution and arrived at or near the highest or dead point the pawl is
disconnected from the ratchet wheel by the said catch and the tines are
held in their raking position.
In order to keep the tines clevated when the machine is travelling
over roads a second catch may be provided on the trippet, whereby the
pawl may be disconnected when the crank is at the lowest dead point,
and the tines are consequently kept up.
In order to render the tines adjustable to various heights from the
ground the pivot on which the tine heads are mounted is carried by
.brackets or castings supported in the following manner:-Upon the
main or wheel axle near each end, and at any intermediate position if
required, two arms are pivoted, diverging upwards and downwards, and
connected at their extremities to the upper and lower part of the said
bracket or casting, the three pieces forming a triangle. The upper arm
is connected adjustably to the casting by a lug taking into one of a row
of holes, or by equivalent means, so that by altering the hole the height
of the tines from the ground may be regulated as required, and the row
of holes is made in a curve of such radius that in adjusting the tincs
"

page_text: t
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 a plan of a horse rake
with our improvement's applied.
The frame A of the rake is constructed much in the ordinary way
and supported on a pair of wheels B, B, fast on the axle C; D are the
tines whose heads are pivoted on a rod E carried at each end and at
any intermediate points by triangular frames, each consisting of three
parts F, G, H, connected together as hereafter described, and mounted
loose on the wheel axle C; I is a ratchet wheel, and K a pinion, in one
therewith, turning together on a stud fixed to that part of the frame A
which supports the driver's seat, and geared with a spur wheel L keyed
on the rotating wheel axle C by intermediate wheel M; O is a crank dise
beside the ratchet ratehet wheel, loose on the same stud, and flanged so as
to partly overlap the ratchet wheel I; and P is a connecting rod coupling
the disc O with the middle frame F, G, H; R is a pawl mounted on the
inside of the crank disc O provided with a spring to throw it into gear
with the ratchet wheel I, and furnished with a projecting horn or lug S,
by which on coming in contact with a latch or trippet T the pawl is
disconnected from the ratchet wheel. The trippet T is arranged to be
operated either by foot or hand, as shown, being mounted to vibrate on
a stud at U fixed to the frame A, and extended to the rear of the machine
in the form of a hand lever V3 W is a second catch on this hand lever
to disconnect the pawl when the crank is at its lowest dead point, and
thus keep the tines elevated for travelling. The frames F, G, H, are
cach composed of two arms F, G, radiating from the axle C and con-
nected by a casting H jointed at F¹ to the lower arm F and connected
adjustably to the upper arm G by a lug Z on H taking into any one of
a row of holes X in G, these holes being disposed in a curve struck from
a point Y with a radius equal to the distance between the centres C, F',
whereby in shifting the lug from any one hole X to another the tine
points are raised from the ground line. Point Y is found by the inter-
section of two arcs, the one described from the lowest hole at Z with the
radius C, F', and the other from the centre C with the radius F', Z.
Having described the nature of our Invention and the manner of

page_text: performing the same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention to
be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1st. In a self-acting horse rake gearing the frame which carries the
tines to the axle of the carrying wheels in such manner that the tines
will be both thrown up and also brought down again to raking position
by the motion of the machine, as specified.
2ndly. The employment of a crank motion or its equivalent for
throwing up and bringing down the tines, and also of the parts in con-
nection therewith for throwing the crank motion into and out of gear
with the wheel axle, whereby the tines are operated by the machine at
the will of the attendant, substantially as shown and described.
3rdly. The means herein shown and described, whereby the height of
the tine points is made adjustable in a perpendicular direction, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Haughton, Thomas Thomp-
son, and Stoddart Peile, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-four.
eight hundred and seventy-four.
JOSEPH HAUGHTON. (L.S.)
THOMAS THOMPSON. (L.S.)
STODDART PEILE. (L.S.)