IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER AND STEAM COCKS OR STOP VALVES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER LIKE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Chesney of Willenhall. in the County of
Stafford, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WATER AND STEAM COCKS OR STOP VALVES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER LIKE
Stafford, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WATER AND STEAM COCKS OR STOP VALVES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER LIKE
Scaled the 21st December 1866, and dated the 6th July 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Chesney at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents. with his Petition, on the
6th July 1866.
I, WILLIAM CHESNEY, of Willenhall. in the County of Stafford, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF WATER AND STEAM COCKS OR STOP VALVES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER
LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:--
The object of this Invention is to construct a durable and efficient valve
cock or stop valve for stopping or regulating the flow of water, steam, gas, or
other fluids and liquids, and suited to all the requirements for which ordinary
cocks are needed, and which may have few wearing parts. and be easy to
repair without it being necessary to remove it from its fixed position. This
improved cock is suited for high or low pressure, can be fixed in any required
position, and the inlet may be made on either side of the valve to suit the
purpose for which it is required, but is specially adapted for high-pressure
purposes. For waterwork purposes I propose to bring the pressure to the
[Price St.1

page_text: back of the valve, this will prevent waste should the screw become worn, and
by this means the pressure will keep the valve closed, and by bringing the
pressure to the back of the valve the wear will be very much reduced, as less
strain will be required to close the valve. Concussion will also be prevented.
The cock is so constructed that its body or chamber has nothing to do with
the fit of the valve, the said body or chamber being only a receptacle for the
working parts. The working parts are fitted together separate from the said
body or chamber, and are placed in the said body or chamber and secured by
means of joints, or washers and screws, or screws and nuts. By this arrange-
ment no derangement is caused between the valve and face by fixing it in its
place, as the valve and seat are both on the part inserted. Suitable means
are also provided to keep the valve from turning whilst being opened or shut.
By this arrangement the valve and seat or washer always come together in
the same manner, and so no undue wear is caused to the said valve or face.
This is very important, especially where the valve faces against leather, india-
rubber, gutta percha, or any other like substance. As has been observed,
the body or chamber of the cock is merely a receptacle for the working parts.
The said body or chamber is made in the usual manner, except that the flow
of liquid is led into the bottom of the said body or chamber, rushing upwards
through the valve when the said valve is opened, instead of coming directly
upon the valve in a horizontal direction. At the bottom of the said body or
chamber is a square recess, which is to form the bed in which the square
valve is placed, and in which it is to work, as here-after explained.
The working parts of an ordinary bib cock consist, hirstly, of this square
valve, which is so constructed as to fit easily into the square recess just men-
tioned. An inner hollow chamber, in which are three openings, is then
provided. One of the said openings is at the bottom of the said chamber
through the valve seat, and the other two are at either side of the chamber,
and it is through these openings that the liquid is to flow. Through this
inner hollow chamber and through a stuffing box of proper construction goes
a spindle, having its end screwed externally to correspond with a female
screw with which the interior of the square valve is furnished. The said
spindle has a collar, which fits down upon the bottom of the stuffing box, and
upon the top of this said collar comes the packing, so preventing the spindle
from moving up or down. Washers or joints of suitable material are
employed to render the paris water-tight. When it is desired to allow the
liquid to flow through the cock the spindle is turned in a certain direction,
by which means the valve is sent downwards from the washer or seat against
which it is supposed to have been previously resting, and so the liquid is

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Chesney, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th January 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I WILLIAM
CHESNEY, of Willenhall, in the County of Stafford, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Chesney, Her special licence that I, the said William
Chesney, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Chesney, my executors, adininistrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IN-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER AND STEAM COCKS OR STOP VALVES,
APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Chesney, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Chesney. do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention is to construct a durable and efficient valve
cock or stop valve for stopping or regulating the flow of water. steam, gas, or
other fluids and liquids, and suited to all the requirements for which ordinary
cocks are needed, and which may have few wearing parts, and be easy to
repair without it being necessary to remove it from its fixed position.
This

page_text: improved cock is suited for high or low pressure, can be fixed in any required
position. and the inlet may be made on either side of the valve to suit the
purpose for which it is required, but it is specially adapted for high-pressure
purposes. For waterwork purposes I propose to bring the pressure to the back
of the valve, this will prevent waste should the screw become worn. and by this
means the pressure will keep the valve closed. and by bringing the pressure
to the back of the valve the wear will be very much reduced, as less strain
will be required to close the valve. Concussion will also be prevented. The
cock is so constructed that its body or chamber has nothing to do with
the fit of the valve. the said body or chamber being only a receptacle for the
working parts The working parts are fitted together separate from the said
body or chamber, and are placed in the said body or chamber and secured by
means of joints or washers and screws, or dews and nuts. By this arrange ·
int in dingement is caused between the valve ami face by fixing it in its
Suitable means
place, as the valve and seat are both on the part inserted.
are also provided to keep the valve from turning whilst being opened or shut.
By this arrangement the valve and seat or washer always come together in
the same manner, and so no undue wear is caused to the said valve or face.
This is very important, especially where the valve faces against leather. india-
rubber, gutta percha, or any other like substance. As has been observed, the
body or chamber of the cock is merely a receptacle for the working parts.
The said body or chamber is made in the usual manner, except that the flow
of liquid is led into the bottom of the said body or chamber, rushing upwards
or in the same direction as that in which the valve closes through the valve
seat when the said valve is opened. instead of coming in a direction opposite
to the closing of the said valve. At the bottom of the said body or chamber
is a square recess, which is to form the bed in which the square back of the
valve is placed, and in which it is to work. as herein-after explained.
The working parts of an ordinary bib cock consist. firstly, of this square-
backed valve, which is so constructed as to fit easily into the square recess
just mentioned. An inner hollow chamber. in which are three openings. is
then provided. One of the said openings is at the bottom of the said chamber
through the valve seat, and the other two are at either side of the chamber,
and it is through these openings that the liquid is to flow. Through this
inner hollow chamber and through a stuffing box of proper construction goes
a spindle, having its end screwed externally to correspond with a female
screw with which the interior of the square-backed valve is furnished. The
said spindle has a collar. which fits down upon the bottom of the stufling box.
and upon the top of this said collar comes the packing, so preventing the

page_text: spindle from moving up or down. Washers or joints of suitable material are
employed to render the parts water-tight. When it is desired to allow the
liquid to flow through the cock the spindle is turned in a certain direction,
by which means the valve is sent downwards from the washer or seat against
which it is supposed to have been previously resting. and so the liquid is
allowed to flow through the cock, and when it is desired to stop the flow the
said spindle is turned in the reverse direction, when the valve is again
brought upwards and the communication is closed.
That my Invention may be fully understood have annexed Drawings
thereof, which I now proceed io describe..
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of an ordinary bib cock constructed
according to my Invention.
A. A. is the outer chamber or body of the cock. of which Fig. 2 is a plan:
B. B. B. is the hollow inner chamber, with three openings a, b. e. through
which the fluid flows when the cock is open: d is the valve seat. faced with
a leather or india-rubber washer: (is the valve, made square at the lower
The
end to fit into the recess e in the hollow outer chamber of the cock A.
said valve is bored and tapped to fit a screw upon the end of the spindle D.
passing through the stuffing box in the hollow inner chamber B: the said
spindle having a collar y upon it to keep it in its position while the valve is
raised for the purpose of closing the lowest opening (b) in the hollow
chamber B. The said hollow chamber B is held in its position by two
screws (h, h. Fig. 2) screwed into flanges (o. o. Fig. 2) cast upon the outer
chamber A. The joints are kepi tight by two leather or india-rubber
washers and d: d also forming the face of the valve seat.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a stop-cock screwed to receive the con-
nection pipes in the usual manner. This Figure shows a conical face » upon
the valve C, and in this case it is made tight without the intervention of any
foreign substances by the faces being ground together in the usual way.
Fig. 4 is a section of a hydrant or fire-cock. The chamber B in this case
has only two openings a and b b is the opening. which is closed by the
valve C, as shewn in the other modifications: a being the opening. to which
the hose pipe is fixed in the usual manner by the lugs H cast upon the
flange G. The valve C is held in its position by the cross bar K cast or
fitted in the outer chamber A (Fig. 5), the water. flowing through the spaces
1. 7. when the cock is open. The valve Chere shewn is made flat-faced in fit
upon a leather or india-rubber washer d. in the same manner as shewn in
Fig. 1 the flange or projection m upon the inner face of the valve being
The
intended to prevent concussion when the valve is being closed.

page_text: chamber B is bolted to the chamber
through circular flanges E. E. cast
upon each in the ordinary way, and the joint is made tight by the same
washer d. which forms the seat for the valve face. The arrows in the several
Figs. shew the direction in which the fluid is intended to flow, although in all
ordinary stop-cocks the fluid may be allowed to flow either way if desired.
When found necessary the whole of the working parts, that is, the valve C.
the inner chamber B. and the spindle D may be removed. for the purpose of
cleaning or repairing, without it being needful to disturb the fixed part of
the cock.
Although in the Drawings only three applications of my Invention are
shewn, it may be applied with equal advantages in all cases where the flow of
fluids is required to he regulated.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is or may be performed, I desire it to be understood that
without miting myself to the precise demiis herein-beione described, as these
may be varied or modified to some extent without departing from the nature
of my said Invention. I claim as the Invention to be protected by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, the principle and artion of the valve.
together with the general arrangements of the body or chamber. as herein-
before set forth and described. so that the same may be applicable for all
the general purposes for which cocks are used, and I claim generally the
Invention herein-before set forth and illustrated in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Chesney. have herennio set my
hand and seal, this Third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
(+. R. HOLLAND,
Patent Office,
Birmingham.
WILLIAM CHESNEY. (L.S.)