Improvements in Power Hammers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Power Hammers.
I, THOMAS COULTHARD, Junior, of Cooper Road, Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to that class of power hammers in which a rapidly rotating
eccentric is the medium employed for producing the required up and down recipro-
catory movement to the hammer block. Heretofore in such hammers employed for
forging purposes the hammer head descends in a vertical plane. Now the object of
this invention is to produce an oscillatory movement of the hammer block so that
as the hammer head meets the heated bar to be operated upon a drawing or pulling
effect is produced at each blow instead of a crushing effect as in the ordinary
arrangements of such apparatus. This drawing or pulling out effect is in practice
especially desirable when forging such articles as are subject to a heavy transverse
strain as for instance flat springs either in single form or laminated such as carriage
springs.
In carrying out my invention I employ an eccentric formed on a shaft mounted
in bearings on the upper ends of suitable side standards or pillars the said shaft
having at one end fast and loose pulleys for belt driving and a fly or momentum
wheel and at the other a second fly or momentum wheel. The eccentric occupies a
central position between the two pillars and carries in the form of a bearing having
a spring adjustment the upper end of the hammer block whose lower end carries
the hammer head which points downwardly over an anvil or block below capable of
being raised or lowered nearer to or further from the rounded face of the hammer
head as required by means of an inclined plane of metal and screw or lever
adjusting apparatus. The hammer block works through a metal box pivotted at
its lower part in side bearings fastened to the inner sides of the two pillars.
These side bearings are adjustable vertically so that the amount of drawing
or pulling effect of the blow of the hammer head at each stroke may be varied
as desired.
Dated this 9th day of November 1891.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Power Hammers.
1, THOMAS COULTHARD, Junior, of Cooper Road, Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of power hammers in which a rapidly rotating
eccentric is the medium employed for producing the required up and down recipro-
catory movement of the hammer block. Heretofore in such hammers employed for
forging purposes the hammer head has descended in a vertical plane. Now the
object of this invention is to produce an oscillatory movement of the hammer block
so that as the hammer head meets the heated bar to be operated upon a drawing or
....oll

page_text: .
pulling effect is produced at each blow instead of a crushing effect as in the ordinary
arrangements of such apparatus. This drawing or pulling effect is in practice
especially desirable when forging such articles as are subject to a heavy transverse
strain as for instance flat springs either in single form or laminated such as carriage
springs. A drawing or pulling blow such as results from the use of my invention
tends to draw out or "lay "the fibre lengthwise of the metal bar operated upon
and has a similar effect in this direction to that of a rolling mill as distinguished
from the crushing effect of a vertical blow such as that of an ordinary steam
hammer. As is well known metal having its fibre treated in the former manner
(that is to say by being rolled) has imparted to it greater resistance to transverse
or tensile strain than if treated under a succession of directly vertical blows.
In carrying out my invention I employ an eccentric formed on a shaft mounted in
bearings on the upper ends of suitable side standards or pillars the said shaft having
at one end fast and loose pulleys for belt driving and a fly or momentum wheel
and at the other a second fly or momentum wheel. The eccentric occupies a
central position between the two pillars and carries in the form of a bearing
having a spring adjustment the upper end of the hammer block whose lower
end carries the hammer head which points downwardly over an anvil or block
below capable of being raised or lowered nearer to or further from the rounded
face of the hammer head as required by means of an inclined plane of metal
and screw or lever adjusting apparatus. The hammer block works through a metal
box pivotted at its lower part in side bearings fastened to the inner sides of the two
pillars. These side bearings are adjustable vertically so that the amount of
drawing or pulling effect of the blow of the hammer head at each stroke may be
varied as desired.
The above described arrangement of oscillating power hammer may be constructed
in single double or multiple form that is to say it may have two or more hammers
arranged side by side in the same machine. Or one or more hammers in such a
machine may be arranged to give or impart a directly vertical blow so that the
article being forged may be by them "shaped or "swaged" in the ordinary
way after having been "drawn " out under one or more of the improved
oscillating hammers.
In the accompanying drawings,
"
Fig. 1 is a side elevation showing an arrangement in which three of the improved
oscillating hammers are embodied in one machine, and
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a front view, and
Fig. 4 a sectional side view (drawn to a larger scale) of the pivotted metal box
through which the hammer block works as hereinbefore mentioned.
a is the eccentric shaft; b one of the eccentrics (see Fig. 2); and c c the
eccentric shaft bearings on the upper ends of standards or pillars s s.
The holding
down caps d d may be made in one piece with a connecting bar such as d¹ so as to
afford increased rigidity to the apparatus. ee are fast and loose driving pulleys
and momentum wheels fastened on the shaft a.
9 g are the hammer blocks
carried at their upper ends on the eccentrics (see Fig. 2) the helical springs h h
serving to hold up the hammer block g against its eccentric b. i is the hammer
head and the anvil mounted in the upper end of a block whose position may be
adjusted vertically by means of a screw and inclined plane arrangement (as shown
below the block at Fig. 2) or in any other suitable manner. 7 is the pivotted
metal box through which the hammer block g works, m m being the side bearings
in which the pivots n n projecting from each side of the box are carried (see
Fig. 1 at that part where it is drawn partly in section). These side bearings are
adjustable vertically by means of bolts and nuts o o and the slots p p so that the
extent of oscillatory movement of the hammer head i and the amount of its drawing
or pulling effect on the material being operated upon between the hammer head i
and the anvil may be varied as desired as hereinbefore stated.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
In power hammers of the class hereinabove referred to the use or employment of
a pivotted box or other equivalent pivotted guide bearing through which the
hammer block works in such manner that an oscillatory movement is imparted to
the hammer head at each stroke or blow substantially as described and shown in
the drawings for the purpose specified.
Dated th th 1
1000
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per W. Cross,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.