IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, REELING, DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND SPINNING YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Boyd, of Shettleston, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
WINDING, REELING, DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND SPINNING YARN OR THREAD."
Sealed the 20th January 1880, and dated the 21st July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Boyd at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1879.
JOHN BOYD, of Shettleston, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, REELING, DOUBLING, TWISTING,
AND SPINNING YARN OR THREAD."
This Invention comprises various improvements, some of which are modifications
of those described or referred to in the Specification of Letters Patent obtained by
the present applicant, and dated 17 June 1878 (No. 2404), whilst the improvements
generally are applicable to machinery for winding yarn or thread, or to machinery
in which winding is combined with doubling, twisting, or spinning.
In a machine for winding yarn or thread upon reels, or, as it is commonly termed,
for reeling, as made with some of the present improvements, many parts are the
same as described in the earlier Specification hereinbefore referred to; but the
machine is rendered simpler in construction, more convenient, and otherwise
improved by transposing the parts in such a way that the reels occupy the outer
sides instead of the middle of the machine, whilst the cops or bobbins off which the
yarn or thread is drawn, together with the detector stopping details and other parts,
are placed along the middle of the machine. When the machine is constructed with
four reels two are placed at each side, and are driven from a transverse horizontal
shaft crossing the centre of the machine, and having fast and loose pulleys at about
its middle for a driving belt. The reel shafts are driven at their inner ends by
means of bevil wheels and clutches arranged as described in the earlier Specification
hereinbefore referred to; and whilst the reels are winding the outer ends of their
shafts are supported in open bearings, which are by preference of wood, and are
held by arms or brackets centered on studs, so as to be capable of being turned down
to admit of the banks or skeins being conveniently taken off the reels. The arms

page_text: or brackets are formed with bosses having catch projections on them, which engage
with handled catch levers when the arms or brackets are raised into their positions
for-sustaining the reel shafts, the catch levers being disengaged by hand when the
arms or brackets have to be turned down. There are two comparatively narrow
_transverse vertical frames, one at each end of the machine, and two shorter ones near
-the-middle; and the studs on which the arms or brackets for supporting the outer
-ends-of-the reel shafts are centered are.fixed to the end frames, on which are also
centered the holding catches. Two horizontal rails of wood or iron extend from
end-to-end-of the-machine and connect the-transverse-vertical-frames, and the two.
inner transverse frames are also connected together by lateral frame plates, which
are cast on the rails when of iron, and which carry various details like corresponding
frame plates in the former machine. The two transverse and two lateral frame
plates at the middle of the machine may be combined in one casting with the two
rails, or with a single rail in place of the two. The bearings for the inner ends of
the reel shafts are in curved box-like brackets bolted to and projecting out from the
rails, and these brackets also carry the bearings of the first-motion shaft and various
other parts, and are provided with thin metal covers which advantageously protect
many of the gearing details.
Detector levers are provided in connection with each yarn or thread end, but
instead of a rotating cam or wiper shaft being provided for each reel to act on any
detector lever that may drop in consequence of its yarn or thread breaking or failing
a single central longitudinal rocking piece is provided for each pair of reels, being
formed with projections which act on the detector levers on either side of it. This
rocking piece is in the form of a cylindrical segment, on which the ends of the
detector levers can temporarily rest, and it is made with end journals resting in
bearings in the transverse frames, being made to rock by means of a lever on its
inner end which is acted on by a suitably grooved cam; this cam is on a short
transverse shaft having on it a pinion in gear with a spurwheel which is on an
intermediate shaft and is driven by a pinion on the first-motion shaft.
The spur-
wheel shaft has on it heart cams for moving the traverse guide bars through lovers,
any one of which can be disconnected when the corresponding guide bar has to be
moved by the stepped rack piece. The detector levers of each reel are centered on
levers on a rocking shaft which has fixed on its inner end a lever engaging by means
of a pair of catch plates with a vertical bar which descends on the rocking shaft,
being moved by the action of the rocking piece on any detector lever, and this
vertical bar causes the stoppage of the reel in a manner similar to what is described
in the earlier Specification hereinbefore referred to. One or two rotating cam or
wiper shafts may be used instead of the rocking piece.
The detector levers of the reeling machine are by preference put in connection
with the yarn or thread ends, in accordance with a modification of improved detector
stopping mechanism hereinafter designated as the spindle-detector arrangement, an
-arrangement-which-is-susceptible-of-various modifications, and_of_being_adapted to
various kinds of machines in which winding takes place alone or combined with
other operations. In one modification of the spindle-detector arrangement suitable
for the reeling machine (and also for other machines) a spindle or tube carrying the
bobbin of yarn or thread, and not rotating with the bobbin, but only tending to
rotate through friction applied in any convenient way, has fixed to it one end of a
cord or thread, which in some cases passes through a guide or guides or over a guide
rail, and has its other end attached to the detector lever or equivalent part, which
is weighted to put a suitable strain on the cord. Whilst the winding proceeds
properly the drag on the spindle or tube makes it wind up the cord and hold up the
detector lever, but should the yarn or thread break or fail the cord instantly
unwinding allows the detector lever to drop, and thereby causes the stoppage of the
winding action.
It is an important advantage of the spindle-detector arrangement that it not only
serves for stopping the winding action when an end breaks or fails but also, in
consequence of its extended range of movement, for regulating the tension and

page_text: for taking up slack. With the spindle-detector arrangement, also, less threading of
guides or curls is required than with many existing detector arrangements.
Instead of winding up the spindle cord of the spindle-detector arrangement by
means of the friction of the bobbin it is in some modifications done by the action of
the yarn or thread end on an eccentric pin fixed parallel to the spindle in a crank
or disc on the spindle. The weight or strain on the spindle cord tends to keep the
eccentric pin in a certain position, but the yarn or thread is led round it so that the
winding tension draws it round to the side nearest the point where the yarn or
thread passes off, and, in doing so, winds up the spindle cord and raises the detector
lever. When the yarn or thread breaks or fails, the eccentric pin returns by the
strain of the spindle cord, and the detector lever falls and causes the stoppage of
the winding action.
Instead of a bobbin being carried on the spindle which forms part of the spindle-
detector arrangement, a bobbin, or cop, or reel, or other holder may be carried
separately in any known way, and the yarn or thread may be led round or over a
small barrel or pulley arranged to act frictionally on a spindle or tube which winds
up the cord connected to the detector lever or equivalent part. Or the yarn or
thread may act on an eccentric pin arranged as hereinbefore described, and either
alone or combined with a separate barrel, or pulley, or a plain spindle. Or, again,
a barrel or pulley may be fixed on the spindle or tube which winds up the cord, the
yarn or thread acting frictionally on the barrel or pulley.
In some modifications of the spindle-detector arrangement the cord connection
between the spindle and the detector lever or equivalent is dispensed with and the
spindle is placed in a position a little inclined from the vertical, and has the eccen-
tric pin attached to it, the crank carrying the eccentric pin tending to swing round
when the yarn or thread breaks or fails in consequence of the inclined position. In
one modification, the spindle passes through a slot in the detector lever and is
supported by a pin until, by the swinging movement, the pin is made free to pass
through the slot, and then the detector lever falls. In a second modification, a
small projection or cam on the spindle moves a detector lever into a position to be
acted on by a rotating or reciprocating wiper, or cam shaft, or piece. In a third
modification, the spindle is held in an inclined position in a lever, and when the
spindle swings round an arm on it is thereby turned into a position to be acted on
by a rotating or reciprocating wiper, or cam shaft, or piece, which then through the
arm moves the lever carrying the spindle so as to cause the stoppage of the winding
action.
In other modifications, in which the spindle cord is dispensed with, the spindle
is vertical or inclined and has on it or on a piece attached to it a helical incline or
groove, or the helical incline or groove may be on a stationary piece, the incline
or groove bearing on a stationary pin or guide, or sustaining a pin on the spindle.
When the yarn or thread breaks or fails the spindle turns and, at the same time,
descends by the action of the helical incline or groove, and, acts on the detector
lever or equivalent. It will generally be desirable to counterbalance part of the
weight of the spindle and bobbin, and this may be done by counterweighting the
detector lever, or otherwise.
In some applications of the herein before described detector arrangements, detector
weights hanging by cords may be substituted for the detector levers.
In applying the spindle-detector arrangement to doubling-winding machines,
according to one of the various modifications applicable to such machines, the cord
for each end is connected to a detector lever, and, when let go through the breakage
or failure of the end, the lever acting by its own weight alone or assisted by friction
of the drum falls on a cross wire or bar on the forwardly projecting part of a slip
lever and causes that lever to insert its slip between the driving drum and bobbin,
so as to stop the motion of the latter.
The doubling-winding arrangements may be used for winding two or more yarns
or threads upon bobbins or upon pirns, in the latter case for weaving with two-ply
or multinle-nly weft.

page_text: In another modification constituting an improved trap for the yarn or thread,
and applicable to doubling-winding machines, to machines for doubling and twisting
two or more yarn ends together, and to some other machines the spindle-detector
arrangement is combined with a gripping or trapping contrivance which-holds-all
the remaining ends of a set whenever one of them breaks or fails. This causes the
breakage of the remaining ends, and the modification is conveniently applicable in
cases in which it is preferred to repair breakages by what are known as bunch-
"knots. The apparatus is compactly and conveniently arranged in immediate con-
_nection-with-the board, plate, or frame carrying the bobbins off which the yarn or
thread is drawn, and it can be easily applied to existing machines. The ends pass
from the bobbins beside a vertical guide pin, and then through a slot in the side of
a short cone or tube fixed on a horizontal rail, and thence onwards to the-other
parts of the machine. Inside of and fitted to the short cone or tube there is a
vertical rod having formed in the side of it a notch, through which the ends freely
pass when the rod is in its lowest position. The rod is jointed to a lever, and the
two are of such weights as to have a slight tendency to move or keep the rod
down. The other end of the lever is (in one modification) under detector levers
connected by cords to the spindles or tubes carrying the bobbins, and when any
end breaks or fails the corresponding detector lever falling on the rod lever makes
it raise the rod and the remaining ends are in consequence gripped between the
bottom of the notch in the rod and the top of the slot in the cone or tube. This
causes the breakage of the remaining ends, thus preventing their being further
unwound from the bobbins, and at the same time holds the ends so as to greatly
facilitate the gathering and tying of them when about to restart the action. The
rod projects up through the cone or tube, and when restarting the action the
attendant presses down the rod so as to allow the ends to be drawn off the bobbins,
and also thereby makes the rod lever lift up the detector levers so as to allow their
cords to be rewound on the spindles or tubes. Instead of the spindle cords being
attached to detector levers they may be attached to small detector weights, which
are also connected to the rod lever by cords so as to act on that lever when the
cords are unwound from the spindles or tubes of the bobbins. The parts for grip-
ping the remaining unbroken ends may, of course, be combined with any of the
modifications of the spindle-detector arrangement that may be found suitable,
including those without cords.
Instead of the trap hereinbefore described with the notched rod and slotted cone
or tube various other contrivances may be used to suit different cases, thus in
many cases a simple frictional surface may be raised up to the yarn or thread ends,
or the ends may be lowered to the frictional surface for the purpose of stopping
and breaking the remaining ends when any one of a set breaks or fails; and in
one modification of such an arrangement the ends are led through guides or curls
attached to a lever acting like the rod lever in the modification herein before
_described,,such lever descending_through the action of one of the detector levers or
weights, and lowering the ends into contact with a stationary frictional surface.
In another modification the ends are led between the prongs of a fork placed
vertically or in any other convenient position, and the fork is turned by the detector
details when an end breaks or fails, and by putting a double bight in the ends
causes their breakage.
The Invention also comprises a simplified detector arrangement, which may be
advantageously adopted in some cases. In this arrangement the spindle of each
bobbin or a piece carrying such spindle is jointed to a lever, the movement of which
from its normal position causes the stoppage of the winding action. The spindle
or its carrying piece has attached to it an arm 'projecting at right angles or
nearly so to the lever, and an adjustable balance weight is applied at the other
side of the joint. When the yarn or thread of the bobbin has the winding tension
on it it holds the spindle in such a position that its arm is clear of a rotating or
rocking cam or wiper shaft, but on the yarn or thread breaking or failing the
spindle tilts slightly, and puts the arm in the way of the cam or wiper shaft, which

page_text: acting on it, thereby pushes over the lever, and by its means causes the stoppage of
the action.
In a modification of the arrangement last herein before described the bobbin or
cop is not placed on the spindle jointed to the lever, but the yarn or thread is lead
so as to form a loop round such spindle, which loop lets the spindle go when the
yarn or thread breaks or fails.
Some of the improved arrangements or contrivances hereinbefore described are
advantageously applicable to roving frames or machines and to others of the series
of machines used in the processes connected with spinning. And where, as in
roving frames, the bobbin tube or holder off which the roving or fibrous material
is unwound requires to rotate with the least possible friction, its end points are
by this Invention pivoted in a light flyer-like hoop, which is itself pivoted in
bearings in the holding brackets, and the cord of the spindle-detector arrangement
is wound upon the journal of the hoop, whilst the roving or fibrous material is led
so as to bear against the side of the hoop, and when it breaks or fails sets free the
hoop, and allows the cord to unwind and set the detector stopping mechanism in
action.
In roving and other machines in which it is the practice to stop an entire
side or a section of the frame whenever a single end breaks or fails the
detector levers of the side or section inust be arranged like those in connection
with a reel in the reeling machine, that is, all in connection with one rocking
shaft which acts on the stopping mechanism whenever any one of the series of
detector levers acts.

page_text: "
JOHN-BOYD, of Shettleston,-in-the-County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN-MACHINERY--FOR-WINDING, REELING, DOUBLING, TWISTING,
AND SPINNING YARN OR THREAD."
My said Invention comprises various improvements, some of which-are-modi-
fications of those described or referred to in the Specification of Letters Patent
obtained by me and dated 17 June 1878 (No. 2404), whilst the improvements
generally are applicable to machinery for winding yarn or thread, or to machinery
in which winding is combined with doubling, twisting, or spinning.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be most readily understood, I will at once proceed to particularly describe my
present improvements with the aid of four sheets of explanatory Drawings which
are hereunto appended, and on which the same reference numerals are used to
mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
Parts of a machine for winding yarn or thread upon reels, or as it is commonly
termed for reeling, as made with some of my present improvements are shown
upon Sheets 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings, Figure 1 being a plan;
Figure 2, a transverse vertical section; and Figure 3, a side elevation. In this
machine many parts are the same as described in my earlier Specification herein-
before referred to, but the machine is rendered simpler in construction, more con-
venient and otherwise improved by transposing the parts in such a way that the
reels 1 occupy the outer sides instead of the middle of the machine, whilst tho
bobbins 2 (or it might be cops) off which the yarn or thread is drawn, together
with the detector stopping details, and other parts, are placed along the middle of
the machine. When the machine is constructed for four reels 1 as indicated in the
Drawings, two are placed at each side, and are driven from a transverse horizontal
shaft 3 crossing the centre of the machine, and having fast and loose pulleys 4 at
about its middle for a driving belt. The reel shafts 5 are driven by means of
bevil wheels 6, and clutches arranged as described in my earlier Specification
herein before referred to, and whilst the roels are winding the outer ends of their
shafts 5 are supported in open bearings 7, which are by preference of wood, and
are held by arms or brackets 8 centered on studs 9, so as to be capable of being
turned down to admit of the banks or skeins being conveniently taken off the reels.
The arms or brackets 8 are formed with centre bosses having catch projections on
them, which engage with handled catch levers 10 when the arms or brackets are
raised into their positions for sustaining the reel shafts 5, the catch levers 10 being
disengaged by hand when the arms or brackets have to be turned down.
There are two comparatively narrow transverse vertical-frames-1-1, one-at-each-
end of the machine, and two shorter ones 12 near the middle, and the studs 9 on
which the arms or brackets 8 are centered are fixed to the end frames 11, on which
are also centered the holding catches 10. Two horizontal rails 13 of wood (or
iron) extend from end to end of the machine and connect the transverse vertical
frames 11, 12, and the two inner frames 12 are also connected together by lateral
frame plates 14 (which are cast on the rails 13 when of iron, and) which carry
various details like corresponding frame plates in my former machine. The two
transverse and two lateral frame plates 12, 14, at the middle of the machine may
be combined in one casting with the two rails 13, or with a single rail in place of
the two. The bearings for the inner ends of the reel shafts 5 are in curved box-
like brackets 15, bolted to and projected from the rails 13, and these brackets 15
also carry the bearings of the first-motion shaft 3 and various other parts, and are
provided with thin metal covers 16 which advantageously protect many of the
gearing details.

page_text: Dector levers 17 are provided in connection with each yarn or thread end, but
in some modifications instead of a rotating cam or wiper shaft being provided for
each reel to act on any detector lever that may drop in consequence of its yarn or
thread breaking or failing, a single central longitudinal rocking piece 18 is provided
for each pair of reels, being formed with a projection which acts on the detector
levers 17 on either side of it. This rocking piece 18 is in the form of a cylindrical
segment on which the ends of the detector levers 17 can temporarily rest, and it is
made with end journals resting in. bearings in the transverse frames 11, 12, being
made to rock by means of a lever 19 on its inner end which is acted on by a
suitably grooved cam 20. This cam 20 is on a short transverse shaft 21 having on
it a pinion in gear with a spurwheel 22 which is on an intermediate shaft 23 and is
driven by a pinion on the first-motion shaft 3. The spurwheel shaft 23 has on it
heart cams 24 for moving the traverse guide bars 25 through levers 26, any one of
which can be disconnected when the corresponding guide bar has to be moved by
the stepped rack-piece 27. The detector levers 17 of each reel are centred on
levers 28 on a rocking shaft 29 which has fixed on its inner end a lever 30 engaging
by means of a pair of catch plates with a vertical bar 31 which descends on the
rocking shaft 29, being moved by the action of the rocking piece 18 on any detector
lever 17, and this vertical bar 31 causes the stoppage of the reel in a manner similar
to what is described in my earlier Specification hereinbefore referred to. The
vertical bar 31 is at its upper end jointed to a lever 32 having a laterally projecting
pin 33 which catches under a spring latch 34 attached to the stopping bar 35, and
when the bar 31 descends it makes the lever 32 lift the stopping bar 35 off a holding
notch. Each stopping bar 35 has applied to it a spring indicated by dotted lines in
Figure 1, which draws the bar outwards when it is lifted off its holding notch, and
the bar 35 being jointed to a curved lever 36 moves that lever, and by means of a
projection on its under side forces back one part of a friction clutch by means
hich the reel shaft 5 is driven and thereby stops the motion of that shaft.
or two rotating cam or wiper shafts may be used instead of the rocking
W
18.
le detector levers 17 of 'the reeling machine are by preference put in connection
the yarn or thread ends in accordance with a modification of improved detector
stopping mechanism, hereinafter designated as the spindle-detector arrangement, an
arrangement which is susceptible of various modifications and of being adapted to
various kinds of machines in which winding takes place alone or combined with
other operations.
A variety of my spindle-detector arrangements are shown on Sheet 3 of the
accompanying Drawings, and one modification shown in Figure 4 on that Sheet is
the same as that shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, applied to the reeling machine, being also
suitable for other machines. In this modification a spindle or tube 41 carrying the
bobbin 2 of yarn or thread, and not rotating with the bobbin but only tending to
rotate through friction applied in any convenient way, has fixed to it one end of a
cord or thread 42, which in some cases passes through a guide or guides or over a
guide rail 43, and has its other end attached to the detector lever 17 or equivalent
part, which is weighted if necessary to put a suitable strain on the cord 42. Whilst
the winding proceeds properly the drag on the spindle or tube 41 makes it wind up
the cord 42 and hold up the detector lever 17, but should the yarn or thread break
or fail the cord 42 instantly unwinding allows the detector lever 17 to drop and
thereby causes the stoppage of the winding action.
It is an important advantage of my spindle-detector arrangement that it not only
serves for stopping the winding action when an end breaks or fails, but also in con-
sequence of its extended range of movement for regulating the tension and for taking
up and compensating for slack. With my spindle-detector arrangement also less
threading of guides or curls is required than with many existing detector arrange-
ments. In soine cases part of the arrangement may be used as a compensator for
regulating the tension and for taking up slack, other details being used for detecting
breakage or failure of the yarn or thread and stopping the winding action.

page_text: Instead of winding up the spindle cord 42 of my spindle-detector arrangement by
means of the friction of the bobbin 2 it is in some modifications done, as shown in
Figures_5_and_6, by the_action of the yarn_or_thread end on an eccentric pin 44
fixed parallel to the spindle 41 in a crank or disc 45 on the spindle. The weight-
or strain on the spindle cord 42 tends to keep the eccentric pin 44 in a certain
position, but the yarn or thread is led round it so that the winding tension draws it
_round to the side nearest the point where the yarn or thread passes off, and in
doing so winds up the spindle cord 42 and raises the detector lever (17). When
-the-yarn-or-thread breaks-or-fails-the-eccentric pin 44 returns by the strain of the
spindle cord 42, and the detector lover falls and causes the stoppage of the winding
action.
Instead of a bobbin (2) being carried on the spindle 41, which forms part of the
spindle-detector arrangement, a bobbin 2, or cop 46, or a reel or other holder may
be carried separately, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, and the yarn or thread may be
led round or over a small barrel 47, or pulley arranged to act frictionally on a
spindle or tube 41, which winds up the cord 42 connected to the detector lever (17)
or equivalent part; or the yarn or thread may act on an eccentric pin 44, arranged
as hereinbefore described, and either alone or combined with a separate barrel or
pulley 47; or, again, a barrel or pulley 47 may be fixed on the spindle or tube 41,
which winds up the cord 42, the yarn or thread acting frictionally on the barrel or
pulley. Figures 9 and 10 show a modification, in which the bobbin 2 is on a
separate spindle, whilst the yarn or thread acts on an eccentric pin 44 carried by
the detector spindle 41. The modification shown in Figure 11 is like that shown in
Figure 10, excepting that the yarn or thread passes from the bobbin 2, which may
be placed at any convenient distance round a pulley or barrel 47, and then round
the eccentric pin 44. In the modification shown in Figure 12 the yarn or thread
passes in frictional contact with a pulley or barrel 47, which is fixed in the detector
spindle 41.
In some modifications of my spindle-detector arrangement the cord connection
(42) between the spindle 41 and the detector lever (17) or equivalent is dispensed
with. In these modifications the spindle 41 is placed, as shown in Figure 13, in a
position a little inclined from the vertical, and has the eccentric pin 44 attached to
it, the crank 45 carrying the eccentric pin being weighted so as to tend to swing
round when the yarn or thread breaks or fails in consequence of the inclined
position. In the modification shown in Figure 13 each spindle 41 passes through a
slot in its detector lever 17, which is supported by a pin or feather on the spindle,
until by the swinging movement the pin or feather is made free to pass through
the slot, and then the detector lever 17 falls. In a second modification, shown in
Figures 14 and 15, a small projection or cam on each spindle 41 moves a detector
lever or equivalent piece 48 into a position to be acted on by a rotating or recipro-
cating wiper or cam shaft 49. The piece 48 is hinged to a bar 50, which is moved
-by-the-action-of-the.shaft.49.so_as_to_cause a catch plate 51 on the end of the bar 50
to release a counterpart catch plate 51 on a piece 52, which thereupon moves so as
to stop the winding action. The details just referred to may form parts of combined
doubling and twisting apparatus, such as is shown and described in my earlier
Specification herein before referred to.
In a third modification shown in Figure 16 the spindle 41 is held in an inclined
position in a lever 53, and when the spindle swings round an arm 54 on it is
thereby turned into a position to be acted on by a rotating or reciprocating wiper or
cam shaft or piece 18, which then through the arm 54 moves the lever 53 carrying
the spindle so as to cause the stoppage of the winding action.
In other modifications in which the spindle cord (42) is dispensed with, the
spindle 41 is vertical or inclined, and has on it or on a piece attached to it a helical
incline or groove, or the helical incline or groove may be on a stationary piece, the
incline or groove bearing on a stationary pin or guide, or sustaining a pin on the
spindle. In Figure 17 a modification is shown with the helical machine 55 formed
or fixed on the spindle 41. When the yarn or thread breaks or fails the spindle 41

page_text: turns, and at the same time descends by the action of the helical incline 55 or
groove, and acts on the detector lever 17 or equivalent. It will generally be
desirable to counterbalance part of the weight of the spindle 41 and bobbin 2, and
this may be done by counterweighting the detector lever 17 or otherwise.
In some modifications of my hereinbefore described detector arrangements
detector weights 56, as shown in Figures 9, 11, and 12, hanging by cords may be
substituted for the detector levers 17, such weights acting on a lever or other part,
which is moved thereby so as to bring about the stoppage of the winding action.
In applying my spindle-detector arrangement to doubling-winding machines,
according to one of the various modifications applicable to such machines, and
which is shown in Figure 18, the cord 42 for each end is connected to a detector
lever 17, and when let go through the breakage or failure of the end, the lever 17
acting by its own weight alone or assisted by friction of the drum 57, falls on a
cross wire or bar on the forwardly projecting part of a slip lever 58, and causes
that lever to insert its slip 59 between the driving drum 57 and the bobbin 60, so
as to stop the motion of the latter.
The doubling-winding arrangements may be used for winding two or more yarns
or threads upon bobbins or upon pirns, in the latter case for weaving with two-ply
or multiple-ply weft.
In another modification shown in Figure 19, on Sheet 4 of the accompanying
Drawings, and which constitutes an improved trap for the yarn or thread, and is
applicable to doubling-winding machines, to machines for doubling and twisting
two or more yarn ends together, and to some other machines, my spindle-detector
arrangement is combined with a gripping or trapping contrivance which holds all
the remaining ends of a set whenever one of them breaks or fails. This causes the
breakage of the remaining ends, and the modification is conveniently applicable in
cases in which it is preferred to repair breakages by what are known as bunch
knots. The apparatus is compactly and conveniently arranged in immediate
connection with the board, plate, or frame 61 carrying the bobbins 2, off which
the yarn or thread is drawn, and it can be easily applied to existing machines. The
ends pass from the bobbins 2 beside a vertical guide pin 62, and then through a
slot or notch in the side of a short hollow cone or tube 63 fixed on a horizontal
rail, and thence onwards to the other parts of the machine. Inside of and fitted to
the short cone or tube 63 there is a vertical rod 64 having formed in the side of it
a notch through which the ends freely pass when the rod 64 is in its lowest position.
The rod 64 is jointed to a lever 65, and the two are of such weights as to have a
slight tendency to move or keep the rod 64 down. The other end of the lever 65
is (in the modification shown in Figure 19) under detector levers 17 connected by
cords 42 to the spindles or tubes 41 carrying the bobbins 2, and when any end
breaks or fails the corresponding detector lever 17 falling on the rod lever 65 makes
it raise the rod 64, and the remaining ends are in consequence gripped between the
bottom of the notch in the rod and the top of the slot in the cone or tube 63.
This causes the breakage of the remaining ends, thus preventing their being further
unwound from the bobbins 2, and at the same time holds the ends so as to greatly.
facilitate the gathering and tying of them when about to restart the action. The
rod 64 projects up through the cone or tube 63, and when restarting the action the
attendant presses down the rod 64 so as to allow the ends to be drawn off the
bobbins 2, and also thereby makes the rod lever 65 lift up the detector levers 17 so
as to allow their cords 42 to be rewound upon the spindles or tubes 41.
Instead of the spindle cords 42 being attached to detector levers (17) they may,
as shown in Figures 20, 21, 22, 23, be attached to small detector weights 67, which
are also connected by cords to the rod lever 65, so as to act on that lever when the
cords 42 are unwound from the spindles or tubes 41 of the bobbins.
The parts for gripping the remaining unbroken ends may of course be combined
with any of the modifications of my spindle-detector arrangement that may be
found suitable, including those without cords. One example of such combination

page_text: is shown in Figure 13, and in it the vertical rod 64 is made with a crosshead at
the bottom to rest on two (or it might be more) detector levers 17. These detector
levers 17, as hereinbefore mentioned, are made with slots through which the
spindles 41-pass-and-the-spindles-are-formed-with-feathers-on-the-tops-of-which=
the levers-17 rest when the parts are in the going positions. The feathers prevent 5
the eccentric pins 44 from assuming their going positions until the rod 64 has been
properly depressed by the attendant, and also facilitate the proper adjustment of
the parts for restarting.
Instead of the trap hereinbefore described with the notched rod 64 and slotted
cone or tube 63 various other contrivances may be used to suit different cases. Thus
in many cases a simple frictional surface upon the top of the rod 64 may, as shown
in Figure 21, be raised up to the yarn or thread ends; or the ends may be lowered
to a frictional surface, as shown in Figure 22, for the purpose of stopping and
In the modifi-
breaking the remaining ends when any one of a set breaks or fails.
cation shown in Figure 22 the ends are led through one or more guides or curls
úpon a rod or rods 64, or otherwise attached to the rod lever 65, such lever descend-
ing through the action of one of the detector levers (17) or weights 67, and lowering
the ends into contact with a stationary frictional surface.
.
In another modification shown in Figure 23 the ends are led between the prongs
of a fork 68 placed vertically, or it might be in any other convenient position, and
the fork 68 is turned by the detector details when an end breaks or fails, and by
putting a double bight in the ends causes their breakage. A simple mode of turning
the fork 68 is by forming its shank with a helical groove with which a fixed pin
engages, the fork being raised by the lever 65, and turned by the consequent action
of the pin and helical groove. The part holding the fork 68 may in some cases be
made to traverse.
A simplified detector arrangement comprised in my Invention, and which may be
adopted in some cases, is shown in Figure 24. In this arrangement the spindle 69
of each bobbin 2, or a piece 70 carrying such spindle, is jointed to a lever 71, the
movement of which from its normal position causes the stoppage of the winding
action. The spindle or its carrying piece 70 has attached to it an arm 72 projecting
at right angles, or nearly so, to the lever 71, and an adjustable balance weight 73 is
applied at the other side of the joint. When the yarn or thread of the bobbin 2 has
the winding tension on it it holds the spindle 69 in such a position that its arm 72
is clear of a rotating or rocking cam or wiper shaft 49, but on the yarn or thread
breaking or failing the spindle 69 tilts slightly and puts the arm 72 in the way of
the cam or wiper shaft 49, which acting on it thereby pushes over the lever 71,
by its means causes the stoppage of the winding action.
and
In a modification of the arrangement last herein before described the bobbin (2)
or cop 46 is, as shown in Figure 25, not placed on the spindle 69 jointed to the lever
71, but the yarn or thread is led so as to form a loop round such spindle 69, which
loop lets the spindle go when the yarn or thread breaks or fails.
Some of my improved arrangements or contrivances hereinbefore described are
advantageously applicable to roving frames or machines, and to others of the series
of machines used in the processes connected with spinning; and where, as in roving
frames, the bobbin tube or holder off which the roving or fibrous material is
unwound requires to rotate with the least possible friction, it is by my Invention
arranged as shown in Figure 26, its end points 81 being pivoted in a light flyer-like
hoop 82, which is itself pivoted in bearings 83 in the holding brackets, and the cord
42 of the spindle-detector arrangement is wound upon the journal of the hoop whilst
the roving or fibrous material is led so as to bear against the side of the hoop 82,
and when it breaks or fails sets free the hoop and allows the cord 42 to unwind and
set the detector stopping mechanisin in action.
In those roving and other machines in which it is the practice to stop an entire
sidé or a section of the frame whenever a single end breaks or fails the detector
levers (17) of the side or a section must be arranged like those in connection with a

page_text: reel in the reeling machine, that is, all in connection with one rocking shaft (29)
which acts on the stopping mechanism whenever any one of the series of detector
levers acts.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I have to state that I do not restrict myself to the precise details
herein described or delineated, but that what I believe to be novel and original, and
claim as the Invention secured to me by and in terms of the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
1. The arranging or combining together of the parts of reeling machines in the
improved manner substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1,
2, 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
2. The improved construction and arrangement of the bearing brackets (8) for the
outer ends of the reel shafts (5), as hereinbefore described.
3. The combination of parts forming the framing of the reeling machine, as herein-
before described.
4. The arrangement consisting of the single central rocking shaft (18) and parts
immediately combined therewith for acting in concert with the detector details for
both sides of the reeling machine, as hereinbefore described.
5. The several spindle-detector arrangements herein before described in which
cords connected with detector or stopping details are kept wound on spindles by the
tension or friction of the yarns or threads, examples of which arrangements are
shown in Figures 4 to 12, 18 to 23, and 26 of the accompanying Drawings.
6. The combining of the detector spindle (41) and detector lever (17) in the
manner hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 13 of the accompanying
Drawings.
7. The combination of detector details hereinbefore described with reference to
Figures 14 and 15 of the accompanying Drawings.
8. The combination of detector details hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 16 of the accompanying Drawings.
9. The combination of detector details hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 17 of the accompanying Drawings.
10. The combination of detector details hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 18 of the accompanying Drawings.
11. The several improved trap arrangements hereinbefore described, each combined
with any of the spindle-detector arrangements.
12. The combination of detector details hereinbefore described with reference to
Figures 24 and 25 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, 1, the said John Boyd, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Nineteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
JOHN BOYD. (L.S.)