Stone Cutting and Stone Dressing Machinery.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct. 1891-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Stone Cutting and Stone Dressing Machinery.
I WILLIAM ERRINGTON of Salisbury Buildings Bourke Street, Melbourne in
the Colony of Victoria, Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The machinery comprised in my invention has been designed to cut and dress
stone by mechanical means with tools such as picks, etc., arranged to strike the
stone in a manner similar to their use in the hands of a stonemason from the
pitching tool to the patent axe. The essential parts of my invention are assembled
upon what I call a trunnioned cross head or bridge which carries at its centre,
transversely to its axis a sliding tool block or tool carrier in which the pick or tool
is secured. This tool block is acted on by a steel spring bar the resilient force of
which carries the block towards the axial line of the trunnion and so causing the
tool to strike the stone with the necessary blow or percussion to chip or dress it.
Again the tup or tool block is lifted by a lever acted on by a' cam through the
medium of suitable connections so that when the cain and its connections have
completed the lift of tool block the spring brings it and so the tool again on to its work.
I provide means for adjusting the pressure on the spring bar, also for adjusting the
fulcrum of the lifting bar the latter adjustment regulating the stroke of block, both
such operations being performed by levers arranged outside one of the trunnions of
cross head the necessary connections passing through centre of trunnion, again
through trunnion at other end the connection passes out from cross head to the cam
gear. A noticeable feature of my invention is that no matter what stroke I give
to the tool it always terminates at the axial line of trunnion and further by reason
of the tool being carried in a trunnioned cross head I can arrange it to strike the
stone at any desired angle. Now having explained that the cross head supported
on trunnions and carrying a sliding tool block and its operating gear form the
essential parts of my invention I wish it to be understood that such trunnioned
cross head can be supported in horizontal bearings upon a frame or carriage to have
a longitudinal and transverse traverse or it can be arranged to have a circular and
longitudinal traverse or it may be arranged in vertical bearings adjacent to a
carriage having a longitudinal traverse and provided with a rising and lowering
table or the stone being dressed may be arranged on a rotary table aside of the
cross head and tool or the stone may be supported under the cross head between
centres so that it can be cut to a cylindrical or-other cylindric form.
drawings I shew the application of my invention to machines as just stated and will
hereinafter describe each separately and throughout using similar letters of
reference to indicate corresponding parts.
In my
Figs. 1, 2, and 3 shew side section plan and end view respectively of the cross
head supported horizontally on a bed or carriage having a longitudinal traverse
and
Fig. 4 details of the gear passing through trunnions for governing the spring bar
and variable fulcrum of lifting bar.
A is the cross head or bridge formed of two steel cheek plates A' bolted or rivetted
to the jaws or flanges of the trunnions A'. B is the tup or sliding tool block working
in guides B' and having a slot or hole in it to receive the tool B³ that is pinched by
screw B. B is a buffer or elastic pad to determine the limit of down stroke of
tool block, C is the lifting bar supported in a motion block C¹ carried in guides C'
provided in the cheeks of cross head the inner end of lifting bar being centred on
a pin B at top of tool block while its outer end is connected by link C' to a bell
crank C centred between cheeks of cross head the lower arm of such crank being

page_text: connected to a rod C³ furnished with a swivel Ce passing out through centre of
trunnion and connected to another bell crank C' whose upper arm has a pin C³ on
it for being operated on by a cam C, such latter bell crank and the cam being
suitably supported upon the carriage or bed D that supports the trunnion bearings D¹.
At other side of cross head and between its cheeks is the spring bar E whose
resilient force acting upon the tup or sliding block B gives the strike or percussion
to the tool. Spring E is connected to a pin 16 at top of sliding tool block B, its
other end passing through a slot in sway pin E¹. To give said spring its requisite
resilient force its top side is acted on by a steel press roller E carried in a loop
link E³ whose top passes through guide E while its lower end is attached to arm of
a bell crank E' also centred between checks of cross head A the lower arms of
bell crank Es being connected by links E to a swivel E' attached to hand lever E³
arranged aside of a slotted quadrant E' at any grade upon which the hand lever
may be secured to adjust the pressure upon spring bar E. F is the lever for
varying fulcrum of lifting bar C and it is arranged aside of a quadrant F¹ the lower
end of lever being attached to a swivel F upon end of a connecting rod F³ that
passes through the other connections in the trunnion and is connected to a lever F
centred upon a pin F at outer ends of which pin are side levers F connected to
rods F' that are attached to pin of motion block C¹ of lifting arm C so that by securing
the lever Fat the desired position on its quadrant the fulcrum of the lifting arm
is regulated. All rods passing through the trunnions are furnished with swivels to
allow cross head to be canted to any angle and still receive the motions herein-
before described. To accomplish such canting of the cross head a toothed
wheel G or a tangent wheel is secured on one trunnion jaw of cross head and
designed to be operated by a pinion G¹or a worm also I provide balance weights G³
on the jaws of cross head to counterpoise the weight of its cheeks and gears. The
bed or carriage D is mounted on wheels D' travelling on suitable rails. H is the
driving shaft imparting motion by mitre gears H¹ to traverse shaft H' which in
turn imparts motion by mitre gears H³ to the cam shaft H. In these figs. the bed
or carriage D is shewn designed for traversing in a direction in a line with the cross
head A but it is well understood that the bed D can be arranged on an under
carriage having wheels for travelling in a direction transverse to it. when the shaft H
would be arranged to allow for the traverse of carriage D.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew the cross head A again horizontal the bearings D¹ for its
trunnions being supported from a turn table or circular frame I carried by wheels
or runners I upon an under bed or carriage 12 whose wheels travel on the longitu-
dinal rails 13, this machine has both a circular and a longitudinal traverse. To
better explain the means for imparting motion to the striking gear from overhead
shaft J carried upon turret of turntable I shew in Figs. 7 plan and side view of
the bearings for such shaft and top of turret and in Figs. 8 plan, side and end views
of the cam gear. Secured upon turntable I, is an arched cross bracket I supporting
on its crown a turret bracket 1° the upper flange of which forms a bed for the
flange base J'of bearings J2. I is a flange or ring bolted to turret I³ and securing
flange Jin position and at same time allowing turret and turntable to rotate
under the bearings. J are mitre gears conveying motion from shaft J to vertical
spindle J supported in bearings I' of turret, such latter spindle having the cam C
keyed on it that operates on a pin C" secured between the cheeks of a sliding bar J'
supported as shewn and having its outer end attached to lever J* centred upon
bearings J' carried on turntable 1, while the lower end of lever is connected as
shewn in Figs. 9 to the swivel block C of rod C³ that passes through trunnion A¹
and is connected to bell crank C* (Fig. 1). Rod C³ is also furnished with a box
adjusting nut.
Figs. 10 and 11 shew side view and plan of a machine having the cross head A
supported in vertical bearings D' carried upon a framing K, the lower trunnion
being fitted with worm and tangent gear G-G¹ to work the cross head radially.
In this machine the stone S is seated on a rising and lowering table L seated on
four screwed pillars L' operated by the gears L as shewn. Said gears are in turn

page_text: supported on carriage L' running on rails L* and propelled by the rack and pinion
gear L. From the foregoing description it will be understood that the carriage
with its stone can traverse longitudinally against the tool 13 while the table can
be lifted or lowered. K' is one of a number of movable stays of various lengths for
supporting table L.
Figs. 12 and 13 shew side and end views of the cross head A again arranged
horizontal and above a stone S supported between traverse head stocks M carried
by wheels M upon rails M' and designed to allow of my invention cutting or
dressing a stone to a cylindrical form such as for a column. Motion is imparted to
the spindles M of headstocks by the gearing M from shaft M whilst the traverse
motion is imparted by rack and pinion gear M. To support a stone between the
headstocks I prefer to cut a recess S' at its ends and have screw grabs M7 fitted on
chucks or face plates of head stocks to grip the stone firmly within its end recesses.
If it is desired to dress the stone to a tapering cylindric form I arrange a pair of
suitably inclined rails outside the horizontal ones (as shewn by dotted lines) and
allow one head stock having a central pair of wheels to run on them whilst the
other runs on the horizontal rails.
Figs. 14 and 15 shew end and side views of a horizontal cross head A arranged
to operate on a block of stone S carried on a turntable N that is capable of being
raised and lowered such turntable being supported on a carriage that has a longi
tudinal and transverse traverse. By this machine a block of stone may be cubed
or it may be dressed to a uniform thickness and have its side surface cut to a
circular form. The rotary motion to turntable is produced by the table having
teeth N' on its periphery gearing with pinion N2 upon vertical spindle N³ driven by
mitre gears N receiving motion through the intervention of spur pinions N from
shaft Ne driven by mitres N' one of which is upon shaft N and to which latter
rotary motion is imparted in any well known manner. The turntable N is supported
on screwed pillars O fitting in the tapped bosses or nuts of the spur pinions O',
that gear with spur wheel O upon vertical spindle O³ driven by bevel gear O' that
derives motion from a horizontal spindle O' driven by bevel gear O and receiving
motion from shaft O' to which rotary motion is also imparted as desired. The
turntable is mounted on carriage P whose wheels P¹ travel on rails P* upon under
carriage P³ mounted on wheels 1. Any suitable and well known gears are
provided to impart motion to the aforesaid several movements of the carriages and
turntable.
As an alternative the cross head may be a fixture at any determined angle upon
hollow end supports and furnished with sliding tool block and operating mechanism
although I prefer that it be supported on trunnions as hereinbefore described.
Also in place of having the tool carried by a sliding block it may be carried and
have motion imparted to it by a small cylinder worked either by compressed air or
by steam and arranged upon the cross head at the position occupied by the sliding
tool block.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. In machinery for cutting and dressing stone the use of a sliding tool block or
tool carrier supported on a cross head or bridge such tool block or carrier having an
outward or lifting motion and a striking or percussion movement given to it as
herein described.
2. In machinery for cutting and dressing stone the use of a spring for imparting
the striking or percussion movement to the block carrying the tool as herein
described.
3. In machinery for cutting and dressing stone a cross head supported on trun-
nions in combination with the sliding tool block, the spring aud the variable stroke
lifting bar all assembled arranged and operated as herein described and as illus-
trated in my drawings.

page_text: 4. In machinery for cutting and dressing stone a cross head or bridge supported
on trunnions or hollow bearers and carrying a sliding tool block B in combination
with lifting bar C, motion block C' working in guides link C, bell crank C*, con-
necting rod C³ furnished with swivel C bell crank C7 furnished with pin CB
and cam C as herein described and as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 of my
drawings.
5. In machinery for cutting and dressing stone a cross head or bridge supported
on trunnions or hollow bearers and carrying a sliding tool block B lifted by arm C
in combination with side levers F-F, cross pin 1, lever F, connecting rod F
furnished with swivel F and hand lever F arranged preferably aside of notched
quadrant as herein described and as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 of my drawings.
6. In machinery for cutting and dressing stone a cross head or bridge supported
on trunnions or hollow bearers and carrying a sliding tool block B acted on by a
spring E in combination with pressure roller E, loop piece E³, bell crank E
links E furnished with swivel E and hand lever Es preferably arranged aside of a
notched quadrant E as herein described and as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 of my
drawings.
7. A trunnioned cross head or bridge carried horizontally on a turntable and
furnished with sliding tool block B and its operating mechanism in combination
with an under carriage having a longitudinal traverse as and for the purposes
herein described and as illustrated in Figs. 5 to 9 of my drawings.
8. A cross head or bridge having sliding tool block B and its operating mechanism
and carried by its trunnions in vertical bearings in combination with a carriage having
a rising and lowering motion and a longitudinal traverse as herein described and as
illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11 of my drawings.
9. A trunnioned cross head furnished with sliding tool block and its operating
mechanism in combination with a pair of head stocks capable of supporting a
block of stone to allow of its being dressed to a cylindric form as herein described
and as illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 of my drawings.
10. A trunnioned cross head furnished with sliding tool block and its operating
mechanism in combination with a carriage or bed for the stone to be dressed such
carriage being a turntable with a lifting and lowering movement and capable of
being given a transverse and longitudinal traverse as herein described and as illus-
trated in Figs. 14 and 15 of my drawings.
Dated this 12th day of October 1891.
WILLIAM ERRINGTON,
By L. W., per F. B.