Improved Lay Figures with Articulated Joints, and Collapsable Forms or Holders of Wearing Apparel.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aor., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1897-4ccepted, 2nd Apr.. 1897
PRO SIUNAL DE
Improved Lay Figures with Articulated Joints, and Collapsable
Forms or Holders of Wearing Apparel.
We JULIUS FREDERICK GEMS (Modeller) and ALICE GEMS (wife) both of Cobham
in the County of Surrey do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This our invention has for its object the improved construction of lay figures with
simplified articulated joints (instead of the usual wooden cup & ball) & of wood
combined with fibrous pulp (instead of wood only): & the improved folding &
collapsable dress-stands, forms, or holders of wearing apparel.
For these purposes we make the surface or outer portions of body, legs, & arms
of our articulated lay figures preferably of fibrous pulp covered or uncovered to the
inside portion of which strips of wood suitably shaped are fixed, the joints at shoulders,
elbows, wrists, thighs, knees, & ankles are so constructed that they will turn or
bend into any desired angle or position similar to that of the human form.
these purposes the joints are formed by fitting a spindle or pivot into a platter or
shaped strip of wood fixed to an outer shell or portion of an arm or leg, the reverse
end of the said spindle or pivot being formed into a fork or double jaw having holes
pierced towards the ends, the corresponding portion of leg or arm has a tongue, also
having a hole pierced through so that it fits into the said fork or double jaw & by
inserting a wood screw through the three holes a hinge is formed & the joint made
with the double action which will turn or revolve on the pivot any desired direction
also bend into any position.
We make our improved folding or collapsable forms or holders of wearing apparel
preferably of wire by employing splayed forks of wire, knuckled or joined to wire
rings at one end & knuckled or joined at the reverse ends to form hinges so
constructed that the splayed forks will fold or hinge inward & thus allow the rings
to fold down one upon the other. The forks which converge from the rings to where
they hinge are so formed at their extremities by means of tongues that resting against
stop pieces when opened to the fullest extent they will not bend beyond the perpen-
dicular position & in order to keep the hinges fixed in an upright position,
small detachable or adjustable rings, clips or other fastenings are used.
Dated this 2nd day of April 1896.
JULIUS F. GEMS.
ALICE GEMS.
Improved Lay Figures with Articulated Joints, and Collapsable
Forms or Holders of Wearing Apparel.
We JULIUS FREDERICK GEMS (Modeller) and ALICE GEMS wife of Julius F. Gems
both of Cobham in the County of Surrey do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This our invention has for its object the improved construction of lay figures with
تيم

page_text: simplified articulated joints (instead of the usual cup & ball) of wood combined
with fibrous pulp & the improved construction of folding or collapsable dress-stands,
forms, or holders of wearing apparel.
For these purposes we make the surface or outer portions of our lay figures with
articulated joints including legs & arms preferably of fibrous pulp covered or
uncovered to the inner parts of which strips or blocks of wood suitably shaped are
fixed where joints are required to imitate nature.
Fig. 1 shows the lay figure complete the outline being the fibrous pulp shell the
inner dotted lines showing the shaped strips of wood fixed to the outer shell & the
joints fitted together when complete.
Fig. 2 shows the upper portion of the outer shell & details of the shaped strips of
wood & joints, the wooden platter A having a hole C bored through is fitted inside
the body part at shoulder & firmly secured by gluing & nailing fixing blocks B..
Into the hole C the spindle or pivot D is inserted with a pin E to form the shoulder
or stop at the reverse end of this spindle or pivot a fork or double jaw F is formed
having the holes pierced towards the centre G to receive the screw G 1 going through
the shaped piece of wood H which is inserted inside the shell forming the upper
arm I composed of fibrous pulp covered or uncovered shown by the dotted lines,
the joint at shoulder is thus made moveable to imitate the natural swinging of the
arm by the pivot D revolving in the hole C, the pin E forming the shoulder or stop,
the upper arm I turning on the pivot G 1 which goes through the holes G & H
giving the outward turn or bend of the upper arm the elbow joint is similarly
constructed by means of the fork or jaw of the lower arm J revolving on the
pivot K which goes through H1 & K2 the jaw piece having the spindle end
revolving in the platter L having the pin M to form the stop or shoulder thus giving
the necessary turn of the lower arm & the elbow bend to exactly imitate nature, a
similar joint may be made at the wrist or a hand the screw Ŏ may be inserted
instead this arm may be made separately. The thigh joints are similarly made by
inserting the wooden platters P which are fixed to the inner sides of the shell as
described for the shoulder or by any other suitable means the spindle end of jaw
pieces revolving in the holes R having pins S to form stops thus giving the turn to
legs, the upper part of same turning in the forks or jaws on the pins T1 which go
through the holes T & U, the joints for the knee are similarly made but we preferably
fix the wooden platters to the lower legs below knees the pins X going through
the holes W & V giving the bend to knees & the spindles Y turning in the platters
having the pin or stop Z. a similar joint may be made for the ankle or screws
shown at A1 may be used for fixing foot or boot. Legs may be made separately.
To make our improved folding or collapsable forms or holders of wearing apparel
preferably of wire we employ splayed forks of wire knuckled or jointed to wire rings
at one end & locked or wedged joints at the reverse ends to form hinges so
constructed that the splayed forks will fold or hinge inward & thus allow the rings
to fold or fall one upon the other as shown in Fig. 5. which shows a portion of a
skirt form closed.
Fig. 3 shows the skirt form open when made for attaching to a form or bust
composed of fibrous pulp covered or uncovered.
4
Fig. shows the skirt form complete to the waist & made to stand quite rigid in
an upright position by means of our new lock or wedge joints which may be made
without or with the tin or brass clips shown to cover the joints & wedging against
the lower forks of each section.
Fig. 6 shows the working parts of the lock or wedge joint or hinge, the splayed
forks being knuckled or hinged at A 2 to the wire rings B2 the reverse ends of the
forks are constructed at C with a tongue so shaped that the jaw or mouth D2 will
give or spring sufficiently to allow the tongue to pass through when the rings are
stretched open to their fullest extent & thus forming a locked hinge. The reverse
treatment is used to close the hinge by pressing the forks inward & the causing the
tongue C to pass through the jaw D, a clip of brass, tin, or other suitable material
may be fitted over the joint as hown at E 2. To make the form to expand wire or

page_text: steel slides are fixed on the rings between the forks & the wire rings cut apart so as.
to form vertically divided sections to open or expand by means of the wire slides. The
lower rings may be covered with leather, cloth or other suitable material forming a
case for travelling or other purposes.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed we do declare that what
we claim is
1st. The improved construction of lay figures of fibrous pulp covered or uncovered
combined with wood having articulated joints substantially as described.
2nd. Improved simplified joints to form shoulder & elbow substantially as.
described.
3rd. Improved simplified joints or legs substantially as described.
4th. Improved collapsable stands forms or holders of wearing apparel substantially
as described.
5th. Wedge lock joints substantially as described.
6th. Improved collapsable stands forms or holders of wearing apparel the lower.
part forming travelling case substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of April 1897.
JULIUS FREDERICK GEMS.
ALICE GEMS.