IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR HAMMERING CYLINDERS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF SHEET METAL
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Harrison, John Harrison, and Henry
Harrison, of the Firm of J. Harrison and Sons, of Blackburn, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR HAMMERING CYLINDERS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF SHEET
METAL."
Sealed the 3rd November 1866, and dated the 12th May 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Harrison, John
Harrison, and Henry Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 12th May 1866.
We, WILLIAM HARRISON, JOHN HARRISON, and HENRY HARRISON, of the
Firm of J. Harrison and Sons, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR HAMMERING CYLINDERS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF SHEET
METAL," to be as follows:-
This Invention is particularly applicable to the manufacture of copper,
tinued iron, and other sheet-metal cylinders used in sizing, dressing, and
drying machines, but it may be applied to other purposes; and it consists of
an arrangement of self-acting machinery for straightening and rendering true
the surfaces of such cylinders or other artioles.

page_text: In performing this Invention the article to be operated upon is placed on a
cast-iron roller, which is turned slowly round alternately in contrary directions
by a catch taking into a toothed wheel or other suitable mechanism. Above
this roller is a series of stampers or hammers, which are raised in succession
by cams placed spirally on a shaft. These stampers or hammers drop by their
gravity, and the force of the blow can be regulated by varying the position of
the cam shaft or by moving the studs against which the cams act. When
the cylinder or other article has been hammered sufficiently in one position it
is moved laterally by a screw or otherwise to bring the other portions of its
surface under the stampers or hammers.
By means of this Invention a great saving in manual labour is effected, and
the work is done more evenly and effectually than heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Harrison, John Harrison, and Henry Harrison,
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th November 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HARRISON, JOHN HARRISON, and HENRY HARRISON, of the Firm of J. Harrison
and Sons, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Harrison, John Harrison, and Henry Harrison, Her special
license that we, the said William Harrison, John Harrison, and Henry
Harrison, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said William Harrison, John Harrison, and Henry Harrison, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR HAMMERING
CYLINDERS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF SHEET METAL," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said William Harrison, John Harrison, and Henry
Harrison, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly

page_text: 3
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Harrison, John Harrison, and
Henry Harrison, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention is particularly applicable to the manufacture of copper,
turned iron, and other sheet metal cylinders used in sizing, dressing, and
drying machines, but it may be applied to other purposes; and it consists of
an arrangement of self-acting machinery for straightening and rendering true
the surfaces of such cylinders or other articles.
In performing this Invention the article to be operated upon is placed on a
cast-iron roller, which is turned slowly round alternately in contrary directions
by a catch taking into a toothed wheel or other suitable mechanism. Above
this roller is a series of stampers or hammers, which are raised in succession
by cams placed spirally on a shaft. These stampers or hammers drop by
their gravity, and the force of the blow can be regulated by varying the
position of the cam shaft or by moving the studs against which the cams act.
When the cylinder or other article has been hammered sufficiently in one
position it is moved laterally by a screw or otherwise to bring the other
portions of its surface under the stampers or hammers.
By means of this Invention a great saving in manual labor is effected,
and the work is done more evenly and effectually than heretofore.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an end elevation; Figure 2 is a front view; and Figure 3 is a
section of our improved machinery for hammering cylinders and other articles
of sheet metal. a, a, are the frame sides fixed at a suitable distance apart to
admit of the longest description of work being operated upon; 6 is the cam
shaft working in bearings in the frame side a, a, on one end of which are the
driving and loose pulleys c and d; keyed on the shaft b are the cams e fixed
in a spiral direction around it, which acting on the studs or lugsf elevate the
hammers 9, see Fig. 8; these hammers g, are provided with slots h in which
the lugs can be moved up and down and bolted in any required position, so
as to give a greater or less lift to them. The higher up the lugs f are bolted
in the slots h the less will be the lift on the hammers g, and vice versa, as
'

page_text: will be readily understood by referring to Figures 2 and 3 ; and when a
portion of the hammers are not required to act they can be elevated out of
the range of action of the cams e, and held in that position by pins i inserted
in the holes t, as shewn at the right hand side of Figure 2. ; is an iron
roller (on which the cylinder to be hammered is placed) supported in open
bearings, as shewn in Figure 2; this roller j is furnished with two moveable
collars 1, 2, and the cylinder k between them, as shewn in the Drawing, is of
the greatest length the machine can accommodate. When shorter cylinders
are to be hammered the loose collars 1, 1, are set up so as to confine the work
laterally, and are held in their places by set screws or otherwise; the hammers
not required when working short lengths are held out of the way as described
above. During the process of hammering it is requisite. that the cylinder k
under operation should be moved backwards and forwards in the direction of
its circumference, and also that an arrangement should be made for moving it
in the direction of its axis. The former motion is effected in the following
manner-On one end of the cam shaft 6 is placed an internal tappet, in
which works the friction bowl n, which is on one end of the lever 0, whose
fulcrum is at p, see Fig. 1. The other end of the lever o is furnished with a
slot, in which is a moveable stud 9 (which can be fastened by a nut at the
back of the lever), on which hinges the connecting link r; the other end of
this link is joined by a pin to the lever s, whose fulcrum is on the frame side.
Working on a stud in the levers is the reversible catch t, taking into the
wheel u, to which is fastened by a key or otherwise the spur wheel v, gearing
into the spur wheel v¹ fixed on the end of the roller j; thus it will be seen
that when the cam shaft 6 is turned round, motion will be communicated to
the roller (which will carry the cylinder k with it) in the required direction.
The object of the moveable stud 9 and slot in the lever o is to increase or
decrease this motion as may be found requisite; the nearer to the fulcrum p
of the levere the stud q is fastened, the less will be the motion communicated
to the roller j, and vice versa, as will be readily understood by reference to
Figure 1; the movement of the cylinder k in the direction of its axis is
effected by the following arrangement:-Fixed to the frame side is the bracket
w, which carries a nut w¹, into which works a screw ; to the outer end of
the screw x is fastened a hand wheel y, for the purpose of moving it round,
and the other end is turned down and inserted in a hole in the end of the
roller j, as shewn in Figure 2, the pin or cotter z passing through the roller j
and taking into a groove in the circumference of the screw a prevents it from
coming out of the hole in the end of the roller j, but allows it to move round
in it. Thus when the hand wheel y is turned round in either direction the

page_text: roller (and with it the cylinder k, being confined between the collars 1,1,) will
be moved in the required direction. The mode of operation is as follows:-
When the machine has been set in motion by traversing the driving strap
from the loose to the fast pulley, the cams e continue to elevate the hammers'g
in succession, which are then allowed to descend by their own gravity and
hammer the cylinder k under operation; and the cams e are so arranged on
the cam shaft & that during one portion of its revolution all the hammers are
lifted from contact with the cylinder k; at this moment the internal tappet m
is in the position to effect the moving of the cylinder k backwards or forwards
in the direction of its circumference as has been described; this as continued
so long as is requisite, when the attendant turns the hand wheel y, in order to
allow the hammers to act on another portion of the work; when the ham-
mering of the cylinder is finished the driving strap is traversed on to the
loose pulley, the pin or cotter is removed, and the hand wheel y turned
round till the end of the screw is withdrawn from the roller ;, which is then
lifted out of its bearings and allowed to rest on the block of wood a', which is
hollowed out for that purpose; it is then withdrawn from the finished cylinder,
which is removed and a fresh one inserted in its place; the roller j being
now lifted back into its bearings the machine is again ready for working as
before.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described a convenient
arrangement of machinery for carrying the same into operation, we declare
that we claim the self-acting combination of machinery shewn and described,
or any modification thereof, for hammering cylinders and other articles of
sheet metal.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Harrison, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and siste ai
WILLIAM HARRISON. (L.B.)
WILLIAM HARRISON. (L.B.)