IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR COTTON SPINNING
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Blue Harris, of Castle Mills, Fountainbridge,
Edinburgh, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR COTTON
SPINNING."
Sealed the 27th May 1879, and dated the 2nd December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Blue Harris at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd December 1878.
İSAAC BLUE HARRIS, of Castle Mills, Fountainbridge, Edinburgh.
MENTS IN ROLLERS FOR COTTON SPINNING."
" IMPROVE-
The rollers to which this Invention relates are those between which the cotton
fibres or strands or yarns are passed in the process of spinning and twisting such
yarns, and to get a grip or hold on these fibres, strands, or yarns, the rollers are
generally covered with leather. The putting on of these. covers on to the metal
rollers with sufficient neatness and security is attended with considerable difficulty
and expense, and attempts have been made to cover them with india rubber or
india rubber compounds, by, vulcanizing the rubber on to the rollers, but without
any practically successful results in respect that the following points of construction
which form the elements of my Invention have not been attended to, namely,
constructing covers capable of being easily, neatly, and cheaply put on in the cotton
mill, and thus rendering the transport of the rollers to and from the rubber manu-
factory unnecessary either for the first or subsequent coverings.
This I accomplish in the following way :-I prepare a metal mandril two or
three feet in length and turn its surface truly cylindrical. Its external diameter is
made a little less than the diameter of the rollers to be covered. On this mandril
I make a tube or hollow cylinder of rubber (in a manner well known to rubber
manufacturers) of a composition which will vulcanize to a semi-hard condition (also
well known to rubber manufacturers). This pipe, or tube, or hollow cylinder of
rubber having been vulcanized on the metal mandril is, before removal therefrom,
dressed or rubbed, or buffed or turned down at a lathe in the ordinary way, and
Driss A1

page_text: cut into pieces of any required length corresponding to the length of the rollers to
be covered. These pieces will thus be smooth and truly cylindrical on their outer
surface, and being turned from or with the same centres as the mandril was turned,
their inner surfaces will be concentric with the outer, and when these pieces are
placed on the rollers, which they can easily be by a little stretching, they will be
found to clasp (by the elasticity of the rubber) the rollers sufficiently tight for use,
and they will be found concentric with the surface of the rollers, and will in revolv-
ing be as true and mechanically correct as the rollers themselves, and perhaps more
so than the leather covers heretofore almost exclusively in use. Their action also
will be superior and their durability greater than leather, and they can be put on
in the cotton mill with facility, thus avoiding the transport of the rollers to and
from a rubber factory as would be required were the covers vulcanized on to
them,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Isaac Blue Harris in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th May
1879.
ISAAC BLUE HARRIS, of Castle Mills, Fountainbridge, Edinburgh. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROLLERS FOR COTTON SPINNING."
The rollers to which this Invention relates are those between which the cotton
fibres, or strands, or yarns are passed in the process of spinning and twisting such
yarns, and to get a grip or hold of these fibres, strands, or yarns, the rollers are
generally covered with leather. The putting of these covers on to the metal rollers
with sufficient neatness and security is attended with considerable difficulty and
expense, and attempts have been made to cover them with india rubber or india
rubber compounds by vulcanizing the rubber on to the rollers, but without any
practically successful results by reason of the fact that attention has not been given
to the following points of construction which form the elements of my Invention,
namely:-Constructing covers capable of being easily, neatly, and cheaply put on in
the cotton mill, and thus rendering the transport of the rollers to and from the
rubber manufactory unnecessary either for the first or subsequent coverings.
This I accomplish in the following way-I prepare a metal mandril two or three
-feet in length, and-turn its surface truly-cylindrical. Its external-diameter is made
a little less than the diameter of the rollers to be covered. On this mandril I make
a tube or hollow cylinder of rubber (in a manner well known to rubber manufac-
turers) of a composition which will vulcanize to a semihard condition (also well
known to rubber manufacturers). This pipe, or tube, or hollow cylinder of rubber
having been vulcanized on the metal mandril is, before removal therefrom, dressed
or rubbed, or buffed or turned down at a lathe in the ordinary way, and cut into
pieces of any required length corresponding to the length of the rollers to be
covered.
These pieces will thus be smooth and truly cylindrical on their outer surface, and
being turned from centres coinciding with the axis of the mandril, their inner
surfaces will be concentric with the outer.
In fitting these elastic coverings to their rollers they will require to be slightly
stretched by reason of their internal diameter being somewhat less than the diameter
of the metal rollers they are intended to cover, and when in place they will be found
to clasp (by the elasticity of the rubber) the roller sufficiently tight for use. They will
moreover be found to be concentric with the surface of the metal rollers, and will
in rotating be as true and mechanically correct as the rollers themselves, and perhaps
more true than the leather covers heretofore almost exclusively in use. The action
of these covered rollers will be superior and their durability greater than leather.
As these elastic coverings can be applied in the cotton mill with facility, the
necessity for transporting the rollers to and from a rubber factory will be avoided.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in Rollers
for Cotton Spinning," and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I
claim,―
Constructing the elastic rollers of cotton spinning machinery in the 'manner and
for the purpose above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Blue Harris, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twenty third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
I. B. HARRIS. (L.S.)