Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 19th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 21st Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, PAUL ORIOLLE, fils, of Nantes (Loire Inférieure) France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a steam generator of the tubulous or water tube type
wherein a nest of tubes is fitted in tube plates forming the inner walls of two
water spaces, to which the said tubes are perpendicular, the outer walls of said
water spaces being apertured to admit of the tubes being inserted and said holes
being closed by means of plugs.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, in which
Figure 1 is a half end elevation, Figure 2 is a plan, (with the smoke-box removed),
and Figure 3 is a longitudinal section, of the boiler.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
The water tubes a are placed at an inclination of from 10 to 15 per 100, according
to circumstances, whereby an active circulation of the water is established always
in one direction. The tiers of tubes a are in quincunx order or with the tubes in
each horizontal row opposite the spaces of the rows above and below, the tubes
being placed closer together in the upper, than in the lower, rows, as shown in
Figure 1, whereby the passage afforded to the gases of combustion passing to the
chimney through the spaces between the tubes becomes gradually reduced in
proportion to the cooling and reduction in volume of the gases so as to ensure the
utilisation of the whole of the heat of the products of combustion, thus producing
the same effect as by the use of the conical tubes proposed for ordinary tubular
boilers but which have not come into general use owing to difficulty of manufacture.
Vertical rows of tubes a¹, parallel to the nest of tubes a, form a sort of hanging
water bridges or divisions in the furnace chamber, so as to divide the grate
surfaces into limited areas, which can be easily stoked, and increase the direct
heating surfaces where the most steam is generated. Two inclined rows of tubes d,
parallel to the others and having the spaces between filled with perforated refractory
bricks e, are disposed beneath the tubes a so as to partially enclose, between the
lowermost row thereof, a triangular combustion chamber, the lowermost tube of
each of said inclined rows d extending through the water spaces and being perforated
with the furnace for the supply of air therein. Refractory bricks are also placed in
the intervals between some of the tubes in the first row of the nest of tubes a
so as to baffle the furnace gases, which, on rising through the opening between the
air pipe and the tubular water bridge, are caused to spread to right and left in the
combustion chamber in order to reach the intervals left free in the first row of
tubes the gases being thus brought into intimate contact with the jets of air from
the perforated pipe and also by the jets of flame passing through the perforations
in the bricks between the tubes d whereby their perfect combustion is effected.
Six tubes in about every hundred are omitted from the nest a and in the holes thus
left vacant in the tube plates are fitted short tubes y traversing the water spaces f
forming sight holes in the opposite ends of the boiler at which the adjacent tubes,
as well as the opposite tube plate, within certain limits, can be inspected. The
sight holes are so disposed that all parts of the heating surface can be successively
examined and the precise position of a defective tube readily ascertained. This
means of inspection is of especial advantage in the case of marine boilers which
sometimes contain from five to six hundred tubes. These sight holes are normally
closed air-tight by means of plugs / protected by a disc of mica i which is sufficiently
transparent to permit the movement of the gases of combustion to be seen and the
a,

page_text: This
draught to be controlled by a damper placed above the nest of tubes a.
damper comprises a fixed part k and a. sliding part 1, the fixed part k consisting of
strips of sheet iron placed across the upper row of tubes o at right angles thereto
and in such number that their total surface is equivalent to a third of the area of a
plane tangential to the whole length of the row of tubes. The sliding part is
similarly constructed and is operated by means of rods, screws or levers m so as to
reduce, when required, the area of the passage for the escape of the gases between
the tubes of the last row, into the chimney. By this means the draught can be so
regulated as to obtain a uniform heating of all the surfaces equidistant from the
furnace, all the tubes in the same row being uniformly heated throughout their
length. The boiler is surmounted by one or more steam drums of truncated conical
form and whose axis is so inclined as to make the upper side nearly horizontal and
the lower side inclined at nearly the same pitch as the tubes a in order to increase
the volume of steam and regulate the circuit of the water which descends the
inclined lower surface of the drums from the higher to the lower water-space.
steam-pipe connection is at the upper part of the large end of the drum n, at a
point where there is no agitation of the water likely to cause priming.
The
The several improvements herein described may be applied either together or
separately and may also be adapted to existing boilers.
1000
P. ORIOLLE, JR.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, PAUL ORIOLLE, fils, of Nantes (Loire Inférieure), France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to a steam generator of the tubulous or water tube type
wherein a nest of tubes is fitted in tube plates forming the inner walls of two water
spaces, to which the said tubes are perpendicular, the outer walls of said water
spaces being apertured, to admit of the tubes being inserted, and said holes being
closed by means of plugs.
Reference is to be had to the drawings, accompanying my Provisional Specifica-
tion;
in which
Figure 1 is a half end elevation,
Figure 2 is a plan (with the smoke-box removed) and
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the boiler.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
The water tubes a are placed at an inclination of from 1 to 1 in 10, according
to circumstances, whereby an active circulation of the water is established always
in one direction. The tiers of tubes a are in quincunx order or with the tubes in
each horizontal row opposite the spaces of the rows above and below, the tubes
being placed closer together in the upper, than in the lower, rows, as shewn in
Figure 1, whereby the passage afforded to the gases of combustion passing to the
chimney through the spaces between the tubes becomes gradually reduced in
proportion to the cooling and reduction in volume of said gases so as to ensure
the utilisation of the whole of the heat of the products of combustion, thus pro-
ducing the same effect as by the use of the conical tubes proposed for ordinary
tubular boilers but which have not come into general use owing to the difficulty of
manufacture. Vertical rows of tubes a', parallel to the nest of tubes a, form a
sort of hanging water bridges or divisions in the furnace chamber, so as to
i

page_text: 9.
divide the grate surfaces into limited areas, which can be easily stoked and
increase the direct heating surfaces where the most steam is generated. Tubes d,
parallel to the others but arranged in two inclined rows one at each side of
each tubular hanging bridge and having the spaces between the tubes filled with
perforated refractory bricks e, are disposed beneath the tubes a so as to partially
enclose, between the lowermost row thereof, a triangular combustion chamber, the
lowermost tube of each of said inclined rows d extending through the water spaces
and being open at the ends and perforated within the furnace for the supply of air
therein. Refractory bricks are also placed in the intervals between some of the
tubes in the first row of the nest of tubes a so as to baffle the furnace gases, which,
on rising through the opening between the air pipe and the tubular water bridge, are
caused to spread to right and left in the combustion chamber in order to reach the
intervals left free in the first row of tubes a, the gases being thus brought into
intimate contact with the jets of air from the perforated pipe and also by the jets of
flame passing through the perforations in the bricks between the tubes d whereby
their perfect combustion is effected. Six tubes in about every hundred are omitted
from the nest a and in the holes thus left vacant in the tube plates are fitted short
tubes 9 traversing the water spaces forming sight holes in the opposite ends of
the boiler at which the adjacent tubes, as well as the opposite tube plate, within
certain limits, can be inspected. The sight holes are so disposed that all parts of
the heating surface can be successively examined and the precise position of a
defective tube readily ascertained. This means of inspection is of especial advantage
in the case of marine boilers which sometimes contain from five to six hundred
tubes. These sight holes are normally closed air-tight by means of plugs / pro-
tected by a disc of mica i which is sufficiently transparent to permit the movement
of the gases of combustion to be seen and the draught to be controlled by a damper
placed above the nest of tubes a. This damper comprises a fixed part k and a
sliding part 1, the fixed part k consisting of strips of sheet iron placed across the
upper row of tubes a at right angles thereto and in such number that their total
surface is equivalent to a third of the area of a plane tangential to the whole length
of the row of tubes. The sliding part is similarly constructed and is operated by
means of rods, screws or levers m so as to reduce, when required, the area of the
passage for the escape of the gases between the tubes of the last row, into the chimney.
By this means the draught can be so regulated as to obtain a uniform heating of
all the surfaces equidistant from the furnace, all the tubes in the same row being
uniformly heated throughout their length.
The boiler is surmounted by one or more steam drums n of truncated conical
form and whose axis is so inclined as to make the upper side nearly horizontal and
the lower side inclined at nearly the same pitch as the tubes a in order to increase
the volume of steam and regulate the circuit of the water which descends the
inclined lower surface of the drum from the higher to the lower water space. The
steam pipe connection is at the upper part of the large end of the drum n at a point
where there is no agitation of the water likely to cause priming.
The several improvements herein described may be applied either together or
separately and may also be adapted to existing boilers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is-
1. The herein described water tube boiler comprising the various improvements
and arranged to operate substantially as specified.
2. In the herein described water tube boiler, arranging the tubes in each row or
tier at a slightly less pitch or distance apart than in the tier immediately below so
as to gradually diminish the area for the gases of combustion proportionally to the
distance from the furnace, as specified.
3. In the herein described water tube boiler, the combination, with the nest of
tubes, of the damper placed above them for regulating the draught, as specified.

page_text: 4. In the herein described water tube boiler, the combination, with the nest of
tubes arranged as described, of the vertical rows of tubes a' in the combustion
chamber forming tubular hanging water bridges and the inclined rows of tubes d
with intervening refractory plugs, as specified.
5. In the herein described water tube boiler, the combination, with the nest of
tubes, the tubular hanging water bridges, and tubular divisions in the furnace, of
steam drums of truncated conical form and arranged at an inclination, substantially
as herein specified.
"
1001
P. ORIOLLE, FILS.
By A. M. & Win. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.