Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1893
Cecification Left, 17th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM REED of Mayfield, Jarrow in the County of Durham,
ngineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators or water tube boilers
f the type having an upper borizontal chamber connected to two lower horizontal
hambers by tubes of small diameter the lower chambers being so spaced as to.
dmit of a furnace being arranged between them.
The chambers may be further connected by circulating pipes at the ends of
arger or of suitable diameter.
The furnace and tubes and part of the chambers may be encased by metal'
sheeting and non-conducting covering material from the upper portion of which.
Aues lead to the chimney.
In order to provide sufficient heating surfaces for the rapid generation of steam
I may with advantage bend the tubes connected to the lower chambers in a slanting
direction converging towards the centre line of the boiler and over the furnace
whence the tubes will again be bent in a direction diverging upwards and outwardly
from the centre line towards the upper chamber to which they may be connected
preferably below the water level on either side.
Further to increase the heating surfaces of the tubes more exposed to the furnace
I propose to bend them or some of them and preferably those nearest to the furnace
in a waving form so that the plane of the waving may be at an angle to the plane
of the slanting tubes and I may place or secure deflectors or baffle plates above the
lower series or nests of tubes on either side so as to prevent the fire passing too
directly through them to the exits.
In order to provide an efficient joint as well as to enable the joints of the tubes
of water tube or multitubular boilers to accommodate themselves to any slight
deviation of the tubes from the correct line I propose to screw.or otherwise secure
onto the tube on the inner side of the tube plate a more or less semi-spherical
washer or ferrule the spherical side being designed to enter a corresponding orifice
or opening in the tube plate and when the nuts on the tubes are screwed up the
0 spherical surfaces are drawn into close contact with one another to form an effective
joint or by an alternative design or addition to the device above described the nut
outside the tube plate on the tube may be dished to fit over a washer with a corre
spondingly formed back the flat or nearly flat side of the washer abutting against
the tube plate and the spherical surfaces on both sides of the tube or tube plate
35 may preferentially have a common centre.
Thus the tube or tubes may deviate from the centre line without interfering with
the security of the joint.
Dmber 1893.
1

page_text: .
Improvements in Steam Generators. ·
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM REED of Mayfield, Jarrow in the County of Durham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators or water tube.boilers
of the type having an upper horizontal chamber connected to two lower horizontal
chambers by tubes of small diameter the lower chambers being so spaced as to
admit of a furnace being arranged between them.
The chambers may be further connected by circulating pipes at the ends of larger
or of suitable diameter.
The furnace and tubes and part of the chambers may be encased by metal
sheeting and non-conducting covering material from the upper portion of which
flues lead to the chimney.
In order to provide sufficient heating surfaces for the rapid generation of steam
I may with advantage bend the tubes connected to the lower chambers in a slauting
direction converging towards the centre line of the boiler and over the furnace
whence the tubes will again be bent in a direction diverging upwards and outwardly
from the centre line towards the upper chamber to which they may be connected
preferably below the water level on either side.
Further to increase the heating surfaces of the tubes more exposed to the furnace
I propose to bend them or some of them and preferably those nearest to the furnace
in a waving form so that the plane of the waving may be at an angle to the plane
of the slanting tubes and I may place or secure deflectors or baffle plates above the
lower series or nests of tubes on either side so as to prevent the fire passing too
directly through them to the exits.
In order to provide an efficient joint as well as to enable the joints of the tubes
of water-tube or multitubular boilers to accommodate themselves to any slight
deviation of the tubes from the correct line 1 propose to screw or otherwise secure
onto the tube on the inner side of the tube plate a more or less semi-spherical
washer or ferrule the spherical side being designed to enter a corresponding orifice
or opening in the tube plate and when the nuts on the tubes are screwed up the
spherical surfaces are drawn into close contact with one another to form an effective
joint or by an alternative design or addition to the device above described the nut
outside the tube plate on the tube may be dished to fit over a washer with a corre-
spondingly formed back the flat or nearly flat side of the washer abutting against the
tube plate and the spherical surfaces on both sides of the tube or tube plate may
preferentially have a common centre.
Thus the tube or tubes may deviate from the correct line without interfering with
the security of the joint.
I will fully describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figures 1 and 2 show longitudinal and transverse sections and Figures 3 and 4
side and end elevations of a water tube boiler;
Figures 5 and 6 show in section and in elevation modes of joining tube ends in
tube plates;
Figure 7 shows a view of tubes as seen looking upwards from the furnace in a
direction at right angles to the inclination of the tubes;
Figure 8 shows a view of tubes as seen when looking along their length; thus a
section on line xy in Figure 7 would show this view.
Figure 9 shows how the tubes are disposed to alternate with each other and in
the following description like marks of reference designate like parts.

page_text: Referring to the drawings it will be observed that the lower chambers A, which
e of the type described in the Specification of my Patent Application No. 22,982",
e connected to the upper chamber A' by tubes T bent and disposed in the manner
own and above described. The figures make the general arrangement of the
abes quite clear but it will be seen that the lower tier of tubes, i.e. the tubes nearest
Thus the lower tubes Tare bent in
he furnace are arranged in a special manner.
waving form as shown in Fig. 2 while Figs. 1, 7, and 8 show other views as
bove described of the same arrangement of tubing whereby great heating surface
3 obtained in immediate contiguity to the furnace F. Baffle plates B serve to
ffectually concentrate the furnace heat amongst the tubes prior to the exit of the
eated gases vid chimney C.
In Figs. 5 and 6 are shown special arrangements of tube-joints as above described.
In this device a more or less semi-spherical screwed washer or ferrule 3 with a
canted surface 3* thereon is screwed tightly onto the tube 4 and the tube-plate 5
is dished as shown to a radius corresponding with that of the ferrule. By screwing
up the nut N the ferrule can thus be drawn into close contact with the tube plate,
so as to make good the joint.
By a further developement of this device a washer W with a spherically-formed
back may intervene between the nut N and the tube plate in which case the nut
may be dished to fit closely over the spherical back of the washer the spherical
surfaces of the washer on one side and the ferrule on the other having preferentially
a common centre as shown in the section in Figure 6.
The arrangement of joint described enables a certain amount of "play" or
movement to take place in a tube or the tube to diverge slightly from the correct
line in the first instance without effecting. the security of the joint which can
"give" to a certain extent according to circumstances.
66
The hole in the plate will be large enough to give a clearance between its sides
and the outside of the tube so as to afford space for any small movement of the
tube at its joint.
In the figures, 8 are the fire doors, 9 the cleaning doors, 10 the ash pan doors
and 11 the circulating pipes connecting the lower chambers A with the upper
chambers A¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In steam generators the arrangement of bent tubes T T¹ connecting the
lower chambers A with the upper chamber A' substantially as herein described and
illustrated.
2. In steain generators constructing the lower tubes or those in immediate
contiguity to the furnace in a waving form substantially as herein described and
illustrated with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 8 of the drawings.
3. In steam generators the mode of jointing tubes to tube plates by means of a
more or less semi-spherical screwed ferrule fitting into a like recess in the plate
the parts being arranged and adapted for use substantially as and for the purposes
5 herein set forth with reference to Figure 5 of the drawings.
4. In steam generators the mode of jointing tubes to tube plates by means of a
more, or less semi-spherical screwed ferrule fitting into a like recess in the plate
the tightening nuts being dished to fit over more or less convex-backed washers th
parts being arranged and adapted for use substantially as and for the purpose
50 herein set forth with reference to Figure 6 of the drawings.
15th dow of Sentember 1894.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3. St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.