provements in Pulverizing Machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Pulverizing Machines.
I, JOHN CALHOUN CLARK of Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, U.S.A., Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The pulverizing machine of this invention comprises a basin having a ledge upon
which is supported a cast steel grinding ring centred and secured in place by
set screws, and two pestles operating within the machine and each suspended from a
cross head upon a vertical pendent shaft suspended from an upper bearing and
passing through a guide bearing, which shaft is rotated, through double gearing,
from a driving shaft. Above and around the basin extend a screen supported at its
upper end by a ring from which projects an annular plate partly covering the basin
and said ring and a lower ring and an intermediate cylinder of thin metal constitute
an outer casing with an intermediate chamber round the screen and basin. This
chamber is in communication with a chute leading to a screw conveyer and this
with an air exhauster. The suspended pestals have crushing rollers at their
lower ends. An oil chamber is provided above the head of the swinging pestle shaft
for lubricating the same. With each roller are combined stirring blades and above
each roller is a fan which aids in discharging the pulverised material towards the
screen and the screw conveyer. The material to be pulverized is fed between the
faces of the rollers and the grinding ring.
Dated this 10th day of August 1800
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
I, JOHN CALHOUN CLARK of Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, U.S.A., Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that class of pulverizing machines in which suspended
pestles having crushing rollers at their lower ends are revolved within the rim of a
mortar basin, and the objection of the invention is to construct and arrange the parts
of such a machine so as to reduce wear and friction, prevent heating, and conduct
the incoming material directly between the faces of the mortar and pestles.
In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of such a

page_text: machine with the improvements of the invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 a
sectional plan. Fig. 3 a detail sectional view of the bearings.
A is the mortar of the machine constructed in any suitable manner, but as shewn
it consists of a basin 3 having a ledge upon which is supported a cast steel
grinding ring 4 centred and secured in place by set screws 5, and within the machine
operate two pestles B each of which is suspended from a cross head C upon a
vertical pendent shaft D suspended from an upper bearing E and passing through a
guide bearing F and to which rotation is imparted through the medium of gearing
from a driving shaft 6.
Above and around the basin 3 extends, a screen 7 having a mesh of any suitable
fineness, supported as its upper end by a ring 8 from which projects inward an
annular plate 9 partially covering the basin, and the ring 8, a lower ring 10, and
an intermediate cylinder 12 of thin metal, constituting an outer casing G forming an
intermediate chamber X around the screen and basin, and which communicates with
a hopper or chute.13 leading to a passage containing a screw conveyer 14. With the
passage containing the conveyer communicates a pipe 15 lending to an air exhauster H
of any suitable construction.
As will be readily understood, the fine material which results from the grinding
action of the pestles in the mortar passes through the screen 7 into the chamber X
and thence to the screw conveyer, by means of which it is carried forward to any
suitable receptacle, depending upon the character of the material operated upon.
In machines or mills of this character as usually constructed there is always a great
amount of friction, resulting in a corresponding consumption and waste of power and
in the heating of the bearings and other parts, which prevents the machine from
being operated in such manner as to secure the maximum grinding effect and
efficiency. These objections are overcome by the means adopted for supporting and
guiding the shafts and for feeding the material to the devices.
The shaft 16 of each pestle carries the grinding roller 17 the top of which is
substantially upon the same plane as the ring 4 and the said shaft is supported in a
swinging box I consisting of a cylinder 18 of metal, provided with trunnions 19
which have their bearings in the arms of the cross head C so arranged as to permit
the peatles to swing radially outward from the axis of the shaft D. Each
cylinder 18 is bored out to receive a hollow brass 20 with a flange 21 at the
upper end resting upon a shoulder within the cylinder, and upon the upper end of
the brass is an annular bearing surface for the head of the shaft 16. As shewn, the
said head consists of an enlargement 23. at the end of the shaft, having an
under facing in the form of a cast iron ring 24 which rests upon the top of the brass,
the internal diameter of the cylinder being enlarged to receive the head of the shaft
and constituting an oil chamber y above and surrounding the same. Through the
cap 25 of the oil chamber passes a cock head bearing in the form of a screw 26,
central, but slightly out of contact with the head of the shaft.
Within the lower threaded end of the cylinder 18 screws a follower 27 surrounding
the shaft and packing a rubber packing ring 28 against the shaft and against the
lower end of the brass 20.
When the shaft D revolves, the two pestles are carried with it, and they are
permitted to swing outward at the lower ends by centrifugal action and with little
friction by mounting the pestle shafts in the swinging boxes I and it will be seen
that the angles taken by the shafts result in no frictional difference, inasmuch as the
entire shaft bearing and support swings with the shaft, the outer or swinging bearing
of the box being wholly independent of the inner direct bearing for the rotating shaft.
It will be seen that the shaft has two inner bearings, one upon the inner bore and the
other upon the top of the brass, and it will be evident that when the latter becomes
worn it may be readily renewed and that the wearing away of the head of the shaft
results only in affecting the removable bearing ring 24. As both the brass and the
bearing ring may be readily replaced at small cost, and as these are the only portions
connected with the pestles that are subjected to any great degree to wear, the
general efficiency of the apparatus may be constantly and indefinitely preserved."

page_text: As the oil chamber y is above the head of the shaft, there will be
maintained a constant supply of lubricant to the bearing face below the "
head and the bearing face within the brass, the oil being retained
within these parts by the packing ring 28. By this construction friction is so
reduced and the parts so well lubricated that there is practically no heating of the
bearings or their support.
While the suspended shaft D may be supported in any suitable manner, I prefer to
provide it with a head, brass, and oil chamber, constituting the bearing E constructed
in the same manner as the bearings of the pestle shafts.
By providing bearings such as 26 the pestles are effectually prevented from riding
over the material and being lifted up out of position.
In order to adjust the parts vertically, the cross head C is adjustably connected to
the shaft D by means of a collar 26 upon the shaft adjustable vertically and secured
by one or more screws or otherwise.
With each roller 17 are combined stirring blades 31 connected to a disc 32
turning freely upon the shaft 16 supporting the roller 17 and resting upon a nut 33
upon the lower threaded end of the shaft.
Above each roller 17 is a fan J consisting of radial blades, which aid in discharging
the material toward the screen 7.
Heretofore it has been common in pulverizers of this character to feed the material
on to the tops of the rollers or into the basin at or near its centre. I have found
that great advantage results from acting upon the incoming material while it is
separated from the mass, the particles being thus isolated, and a better crushing
effect secured. I therefore so feed the material that it will fall between the faces of
the rollers and of the ring 4 in such manner as to be crushed between the same before
it reaches the mass of material in the basin. One means of so conducting the
material to the crushing surfaces consists in providing a receptacle w above the
cross head C into which the material is fed from a chute 35 and from the said
receptacle extends two chutes 36 each leading downward and outward to a point
beyond the periphery of one of the rollers 17 and adjacent to the point where the
said periphery touches the surface of the ring 4. Therefore, as the material drops
from the chute 36 it will be met by the face of the revolving roller 17 and will be
carried by the latter against the face of the ring 4, and as the roller rotates,
will be crushed and ground between the two faces, the particles falling into the basin.
It will be evident that the rotation of the shaft D will serve to throw the material
outward centrifugally and secure the proper feeding action.
The coarse material may be fed in any suitable way to the chute 35. As shewn,
it passes from a hopper K provided with an adjustable gate 40 on to a
revolving binded shaft 41 which feeds it uniformly to the chute 35.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to he performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination in a pulverizing machine, of a revolving shaft provided with a
cross head, boxes swinging upon said cross head, a revolving shaft turning in each
box with its axis passing through the swinging axis of the box, and carrying a
crushing roller, a brass removably secured within each box as a lateral bearing for the
roller shaft, a head upon each roller shaft having a bearing upon the upper edge
of the brass, and cock head bearings arranged centrally above the heads of said
roller shafts, and out of contact therewith, substantially as described and shewn,
2. The combination in a pulverizing machine, of a revolving shaft provided with a
cross hend, boxes swinging upon said cross head, a revolving shaft turning in each box
with its axis passing through the swinging axis of the box, and carrying a
crushing roller, a brass removably secured within each box and against which the
roller shaft has a lateral bearing, a head upon each roller shaft bearing upon the
upper edge of its brass, oil chambers above the heads and brasses, packing rings

page_text: below the brasses within the boxes, and a follower for each of said rings, substantially
as described and shewn.
3. The combination of the revolving shaft D cross head, suspended boxes, shaft 16
provided with rollers and turning in said boxes, and cock head bearings arranged
centrally of and above the shafts, substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 7th day of May 1897.
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.