An Improved Mode of and Means for Lighting by Gas.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left. 1st July. 1889-Accepted. 31st Aug. 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Mode of and Means for Lighting by Gas.
I, WILLIAM THOMAS SUGG of Vincent Works in the City of Westminster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
The lighting of picture anil other art galleries by gas has hitherto been objected to
by reason of the deleterious effects produced on the various works of art by the
products of combustion.
Similar objections are raised to the lighting by gas of rooms and apartments, the
decoration of which is of a more or less artistic character, and many persons object to
the use of gas at all, owing to the unpleasant effects produced by the escape into the
room of the products of combustion.
Now the object of the present invention is to remove the objection to the use of gas
in picture and other art galleries, and in other places where large quantities of gas are
likely to be consumed, and the invention consists in a novel system or mode of lighting
by gas, whereby the air to support combustion is supplied by artificial means to the
lamps which are hermetically sealed to the room or apartment, and the products of
combustion are driven or drawn off to a suitable flue.
In carrying out my invention, I provide a system of pipes all over the building to
which the improved mode of lighting by gas is to be applied.
This system of pipes consists of a main gas supply pipe with which branch gas
supply pipes are in connection; a main air distributing pipe with branches for each
floor of the building; and a main flue or draw off pipe with branches for the products
of combustion.
Each of the branch pipes may be provided with means to regulate the flow of gas,
air, or products of combustion to or from the respective pipes according to
requirements.
The air supply may bo produced by pressure or by vacuum, that is to say, the air
may be driven along the air distributing pipes by suitable mechanical means, or it may
be drawn in from the external air by producing a vacuum in the draw-off pipes by
similar means.
The lamps, of which there may be any number in a room or apartment, are each
connected with the branch pipes by suitable connections provided with means for
regulating the supply of gas and air to the lamp.
The lamps I prefer to use are those known as inverted lamps, such for example as
that called Sugg's "Cromartie," but I may also employ any of the so-called regenerative
lamps, or any ordinary burner.
The lamp or burner is enclosed in a suitable casing (part of which may be of
glass), which is perfectly sealed against the entrance of air .from, or the exit of air
to the room. This casing is connected with a branch air pipe, and also with a
branch flue as before mentioned. The products of combustion may be carried off
to a suitable outlet, or it may be to a condenser. In the latter case, the flue may
be supplied with a water jacket in which a continuous circulation is kept up, and
if the air supply is to be produced by an exhauster, the exhauster will be placed
behind the condenser, should one be employed.
The air and gas supply will be regulated by a suitably placed and arranged cock,
so that both supplies may be turned on or cut off at the same time.
The air, gas and flue pipes will be enclosed in any convenient manner.
The air supply will be most conveniently derived from a bellows and receiver,
worked by preference by a small water motor, but the exhauster to produce the
vacuum will be worked in any manner most suitable for the purpose.

page_text: The motor which I have found suitable for my purpose is a rotary motor, and
motion is communicated to the bellows by excentrics or cranks on the motor shaft,
through suitable connecting meclianism.
The bellows are connected to a receiver, to which is attached a rod connected with
the lever of a special water cock, so that when the receiver is more or less full of
air, the water supply will be turned off or reduced as required, thus reducing the speed
of the motor.
This special water cock is formed with seven ways in its length, and is preferably
arranged so that the ways will cut off in pairs, leaving only one jet of water when the
motor is working at the minimum. The jets may however be cut off one at a time if
desired.
This cock is so placed with reference to the floats of the motor, that the water shall
impinge at an angle of about 40°. The ways in the plug of the cock are so formed
that there shall always be a full weight of water at the back of the valve, and thus the
full benefit is taken of the impact of the jets on the floats, the power being increased
or diminished as the number of holes or jets is increased or cut off.
The pressure of the air may be regulated by weights or springs on the receiver.
Although I have described a rotary water motor, any other kind of water motor
will obviously answer my purpose, or indeed any other kind of motor may be adopted,
provision being made to regulate the speed according to requirements.
I may also adopt other modes of cutting off the water supply, as, for instance, a
dise governor, which will act when the pressure exceeds a certain amount.
Dated this 1st day of October 1888.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Mode of and Means for Lighting by Gas.
1 WILLIAM THOMAS SUGG of Vincent Works in the City of Westminster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The lighting of picture and other art galleries by gas, has hitherto been objected to,
by reason of the deleterious effects produced on the various works of art by the
products of combustion.
Similar objections are raised to the lighting by gas of rooms and apartments, the
decoration of which is of a more or less artistic character, and many persons object to
the use of of gas at all, owing to the unpleasant effects produced by the escape, into
the room, of the products of combustion.
Now the object of the present invention is to remove the objection to the use of gas
in picture and other art galleries, and in other places where large quantities of gas are
likely to be consumed, and the invention consists in a novel system or mode of lighting
by gas, whereby the air to support combustion is supplied by artificial means to the
lamps, which are hermetically sealed to the room or apartment, and the products of
combustion are driven or drawn off to a suitable flue..
In carrying out my invention, I provide a system of pipes all over the building to
which the improved mode of lighting by gas is to be applied.
This system of pipes consists of a main gas supply pipe, with which branch gas
supply pipes are in connection, a main air distributing pipe, with branches for each
floor of the building, and a main flue or draw off pipe, with branches for the products
of combustion.
Each of the branch pipes may be provided with means to regulate the flow of gas,
air, or products of combustion, to or from the respective pipes, according to
requirements.
The air supply may be produced by pressure, or by vacuum, that is to say, the air

page_text: may be driven along the air distributing pipes by suitable mechanical means, or it
may be drawn in from the external air by producing a vacuum in the draw off pipes
by similar means.
The lamps, of which there may be any number in a room or apartment, are each
connected with the branch pipes by suitable connections provided with means for
regulating the supply of gas and air to the lamp.
The lamps I prefer to use are those known as inverted lamps, such, for example, as
that called Sugg's "Cromartie," but I may also employ any of the so-called regenerative.
lamps, or any ordinary burner.
The lamp or burner is enclosed in a suitable casing (part of which may be of
glass), which is perfectly sealed against the entrance of air from, or the exit of air
to the room.
This casing is connected with a branch air pipe, and also with a
branch flue, as before mentioned. The products of combustion may be carried off
to a suitable outlet, or it may be to a condensor. In the latter case, the flue may
be supplied with a water jacket in which a continuous circulation is kept up, and
if the air supply is to be produced by an exhauster, will be placed beyond the
condenser, should one be employed.
The air and gas supply will be regulated by a suitably placed and arranged cock, so
that both supplies may be turned on or cut off at the saine time.
The air, gas, and flue pipes will be enclosed in any convenient manner.
The air supply will be most conveniently derived from a bellows and receiver
worked, by preference, by a small water motor, but the exhauster to produce the
vacuum will be worked in any manner most suitable for the purpose.
The motor which I have found suitable for my purpose, is a rotary motor, and
motion is communicated to the bellows by excentrics or cranks on the motor shaft,
through suitable connecting mechanism.
The bellows are connected to a receiver, to which is attached a rod connected with
the lever of a special water-cock, so that when the receiver is more or less full of
air, the water supply will be turned off or reduced, as required, thus reducing the speed
of the motor.
This special water cock is formed with seven ways in its length, and is preferably
arranged so that the ways will cut off in pairs, leaving only one jet of water when the
motor is working at the minimum. The jets may however be cut off one at a time if
desired.
This cock is so placed with reference to the floats of the motor, that the water
shall impinge at an angle of about 40°. The ways in the plug of the cock are
so formed that there shall always be a full weight of water at the back of the valve,
and thus the full benefit is taken, of the impact of the jets on the floats, the power
being increased or diminished as the number of holes or jets is increased or
diminished.
The pressure of the air may be regulated by weights or springs on the receiver.
Although I have described a rotary water motor, any other kind of water motor
will obviously answer my purpose, or indeed, any other kind of motor may be
adopted, provision being made to regulate the speed according to requirements.
may also adopt other modes of cutting off the water supply, as for instance, a
disc governor, which will act when the pressure exceeds a certain amount.
The air, before being delivered to the system of pipes, may be passed over some
suitable material whereby it is dried.
In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated my invention, Fig. 1 being a
sectional elevation of a ventilating lamp and connections; Fig. 2 a front elevation,
and Fig. 3 a side elevation of the air propelling apparatus.
A is the lamp, of the Sugg Cromartie type, the chimney B of which is connected to
a suitable flue B. The body of the lamp. A is enclosed in a casing C, to which air is
supplied by suitable propelling apparatus through the air pipe C, and D is the gas
pipe.
This series of pipes is enclosed in an outer casing E, which will also serve as a
ventilating flue for the apartment, and is arranged between the joists of the floor,

page_text: an opening being made in the ceiling to allow the lamp to project through. This
opening will be covered in by a perforated covering F in connection with the bell
mouthed end E¹ of the casing E. Gis the ceiling, and G₁ the floor above.
The vitiated air from the apartment takes the direction: indicated by the arrowз
shown in E, E', and F. For convenience in lighting the lamp, a flash light H
is provided.
I is a rotary water motor (see Figs. 2 and 3), on the axle of which are cranks
connected by rods, and an arrangement of levers with bellows. J. Above the bellows
is a receiver J, from which the pipe C conveys the air to the series of lamps. Water
is supplied to the motor through the pipe K, and.at the point I is a cock actuated by
the lever Land the rod L attached to the receiver J. This cock may be of any
suitable construction, but is formed with a nozzle, set at an angle of about 40 degrees
to the floats of the rotary motor, so that the full force of the impact of the weight of
water (whatever it may be) on the floats, shall be given.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
1. The mode of lighting buildings or apartments by gas as shown and described,
and consisting in hermetically closing the lamps to the entrance of external air,
supplying air to support combustion to the lamps under pressure, and providing for
the escape of the products of combustion to a suitable flue or chimney, or to the outer
air, whereby the deleterious effects caused by the escape into the apartment of the
products of combustion, will be obviated, as set forth.
2. The means for lighting buildings or apartments by gas as shown and described,
and consisting of a lamp enclosed in a casing which prevents the entrance of external
air; an air supply pipe in communication with the casing; apparatus for supplying
air to the casing under pressure; and a flue or draw off pipe connected at one end to
the chimney of the lamp, and at the other end with a chimney or other means for
carrying off or drawing off the products of combustion, with or without a condensing
apparatus.
11880
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.