Year: 1886

page_text: of Work.
I ALFRED JOHN Gasking of Lime Villa, Essex Road, Enfield in the County of
Middlesex Leather Salesman do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention has for its object improvements in bands or chains for the
transmission of work which are applicable to many useful purposes such for
instance as driving various kinds of machinery and for elevating materials or
substances and they possess considerable advantages over the various methods now
in use as they are not so liable to be affected by the weather as bands made from
leather or other flexible material only throughout their entire length and they
approach very nearly in the transmission of power to the absolute certainty of
tooth gearing and are not liable to slip over the pulleys in use neither can they
stretch.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto four sheets of drawings upon which are
illustrated various modifications of my system which will thus be sufficiently
understood to enable others to construct driving bands or chains which will suit
many of the varieties of requirements met with in practice as when the principle
of my mode of construction is clearly understood there will be no difficulty about
suiting the design and size to each particular case.
On sheet 1 of the drawings:
Figure 1 is an elevation of two pulleys being driven by one of our bands.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of a part of the band as it is bent over the smaller
pulley.
On sheet 2 of the drawings:-
Figure 3 is an elevation of a band made to work upon a pulley having a special
face prepared to receive the same.
Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is an elevation of a band composed partly of steel or other metals and
partly of wood or other material but otherwise there is a similarity in design to
Figure 3.
ira wan of Ticum 5

page_text: Is a Citation of a suitable for very general use upon y
pulleys and of moderate stiffness and flexibility.
Figure 9 is a plan of Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a modification of Figures 8 and 9 which is more suitable for biting
on small pulleys.
On sheet 3 of the drawings:-
Figure 11 is an elevation of the edge of a band for positive driving.
Figure 12 is a part elevation of a pulley suitable for receiving the band shown
by Figure 11.
Figure 13 is a cross section through the rim of the pulley shown at Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a part elevation of a pulley suitable for such bands as those shown
by Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 when the pitch of the hollows are made to agree
therewith.
Figure 15 is a part elevation of a pulley of ordinary construction but having
a special rim A applied thereto without removal from its position thus adapting
old stock to the new band.
Figure 16 is an elevation of the edge of a band which would be found of great
service in regard to very general application to present pulleys and conditions.
Figure 17 is an elevation of the edge of a band more flexible than the one shown
by Figure 16 but capable of extensive application to general work.
Figure 18 is an elevation of the edge of a band showing how the face may be
treated to give some extra flexibility and bite.
Figure 19 shows the edge of one section of the chain part brought together to
present one almost level surface.
On sheet of the drawings
Figure 20 is an elevation of the edge of a band having a strip or strips of
leather outside the chain links which would make it more like a solid leather
band.
Figure 22 is an elevation of the other edge of the same band as shown by
Figure 21 and is a plan of the belt showing how completely the chain links are
kept from contact with the riggers or other parts.
In making very strong, bands several thickness of leather have frequently to be
used to give the necessary strength and such bands become excessively stiff and do
not bite the pulleys as well as they should. We are aware too that attempts have
been made to construct bands from small pieces of leather strung together in
various ways but these have disadvantages inherent in their construction.
Now our bands are composed of a continuous line of chain or a number of chains
which form one continuous band having no joint or conection larger than another
excepting where necessitated by special machinery or for coupling and being the
same both back and front of the band and also of such construction that it will
transmit power from its back as well as from its front and it is upon this con-
tinuous chain of steel or other suitable metal or material that we depend for the
whole of the tensile strength of the band. The bite or hold upon the pulleys or
riggers is given by means of intermediate pieces of Leather, India Rubber, Felt,
Textile Material, Wood, Metal, Paper or any other suitable material which may be
placed so near to each other as to form almost one continuous surface or there may
be considerable spaces between them the design being regulated according to the
purpose for which the band is to be used.
The bands illustrated by Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 would be absolute drivers as they
would run on the peripheries of pulleys such as shown by Figures 14 and 15 when
the pitch of the pulley and band agrees being designed to each other. These bands
are composed of rows of steel or other metal links B and are secured tögether by
the pins C upon which are threaded or strung the leather discs D or wood or other
rollers D¹ which enter into the recesses E in the rims of the pulleys shown at
Figures 14 and 15 the only difference between these two figures is that Figure 15
has a loose rim put on an ordinary pulley and Figure 14 is cast with the hollows E
therein. Figure 11 illustrates a double sided belt having projections and recokses

page_text: and each piece of material may include two or more squares. The pulley Figure 12
would be suitable for this kind of belt.
The band shown by Figure 7 would be suitable at the F side for driving on to a
positive grip pulley such for instance as Figures 14 and 15 whereas the G side
would be right for driving by a friction grip. Or the F side may be V or other
shape according to circumstances.
The band shown by Figures 8 and 9 would be applicable, to almost any general
requirement and might be made of almost any desired strength as there would be
no limit to the possible width. These oblong pieces of leather K or other material
when brought practically end to end as tight as practical would allow sufficient
bend to afford the necessary flexibility for most purposes but in special cases the
leathers may be cut round at the ends as shown by M Figure 10 and they may
also be hollowed on the face at m¹ and they may also be cut in shorter pieces as
seen at M² or even in longer strips. A useful application of such plain bands is
shown on sheet 1 of the drawings Figure 1, where the large pulley N and smaller
pulley P are driven by the band Qwhich is composed of the small pieces of
leather q¹ placed in groups between the chains R. With such a band it is
quite evident that any number of shafts may be driven from the back and front
of the belt without disadvantage for in this case N is driven from one side
and P from the other side and this may be said to be a desideratum in driving
belts.
Figures 16 and 17 are similar bands but the corners of the intermediate blocks
in Figure 16 are rounded to give greater facility for passing round small pulleys.
The square blocks S in Figure 17 may be packed close together and still give
sufficient flexibility because it would not be practical to pack them very close. In
Figure 18 an example is shown of a serrated faced driving belt which would not be in .
the least weakened as regards its total tensile strength and yet it would be capable
of taking a finer bite upon almost any surface whether smooth or specially serrated
to agree therewith. The links B may be in any desired case shaped as shown at
Figure 19 so as to present a straight or nearly straight edge thus making the face of
a band closer still. The band shown by Figures 20, 21 and 22 are so composed as
to present an almost smooth leather edge 1 and 2 with the rivets 3 and 4 passing
through the leather pieces 5 and through the rows of links 6, 7 and 8 as to make a
band of any desired thickness or breadth with the metallic chain 6, 7, 8 or other
lines of chains practically forming an internal chain net work of any desired
strength. Of course the leather pieces 5 may be made of any desired length and
to take any number of rivets and the rivet heads and washers may be let or forced
under the level of the surface of the edge.
The leather D or blocks D¹ Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 may be either made to turn
upon the pins C so as to constantly present a new part of their surface to the
pulley or they may be fixed tightly as desired and the hollows or corrugations
upon the pulleys may be formed either by casting or by a metallic corrugated or
grooved band previously stamped or rolled into the required shape. It will be
evident that these bands offer very exceptional facilities for the attachment of
elevators of various kinds for Flour and other Mills.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The improvements in bands or chains for the transmission of work which
are composed of steel or other chains with the intermediate groups of discs D
or blocks D¹ for driving on to special pulleys such as Figures 14 and 15 and
substantially as herein set forth.
2nd The improvements in bands or chains for the transmission of work which
are composed of steel or other chains with intermediate blocks having differential
sides, edges or faces such as shown at Figure 7 so as to be capable of working on
either smooth or special faced pulleys substantially as herein set forth.

page_text: 3rd The improvements in bands or chains for the transmission of work which
are composed of a series of intermediate faces of soft material either hollowed or
flat and of shorter or longer lengths interlaced together by steel or other metallic
links in such a manner as to give an almost positive and equal tension throughout
such as represented by Figures 8, 9, 10, 16, 17, 1 and 2 substantially as herein
set forth.
4th The improvements in bands or chains for the transmission of work which are
composed of a series of intermediate faces of leather or other soft or flexible
material having the edges or faces thereof serrated such as shown by Figures 18
in combination with metallic links or chains which take the tension substantially
as herein set forth..
5th In bands or chains for the transmission of work the leather or other similar
material used in pieces or strips with such a combination of metal links to receive
the tension as to give a soft edge and face and substantially as herein set forth and
shown by Figures 20, 21 and 22. .