An Improvement in or connected with Tyres for Bicycle, Tricycle, or other Road Vehicle Wheels.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Aug., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in or connected with Tyres for Bicycle, Tricycle,
or other Road Vehicle Wheels.
SYDNEY LEE of 9 Furnival Street, Holborn, London, Auctioneer, and JAMES
RICHARD TRIGWELL of 146 Brixton Hill, Surrey, Cycle Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Hollow rubber tyres inflated by means of air or gas and commonly known as
pneumatic tyres are admitted to be particularly liable to puncture by nails, pieces
of glass, thorns, pins and other sharp objects, that render the tyres temporarily
useless owing to the escape of the air or gas. Our invention is designed to provide
a means of protecting these tyres from puncture and also to prevent their side
slipping upon damp or greasy roads or tracks. In carrying out our invention we
provide a strip of thin leather or other material preferably from one to one and
a half inches in width. By rollers or other mechanical means we make this strip
into such a shape that it will closely fit the outer covering of the tyre and also the
curve, and by joining the ends, which may be lapped, stitched, rivetted, solutioned
or otherwise joined it forms a round band. This round band may be shaped
according to the form of the exterior covering of the pneumatic tyre upon which it
is desired to place it. To fix the band we place it round the exterior of a pneumatic
tyred wheel, when deflated, or partially so. When the tyre is inflated the air
pressing the exterior of the pneumatic tyre into the shaped band will hold the
said baud into firm position which will form a protection against punctures and
side slipping.
In another arrangement we propose the means of protecting the pneumatic tyre'
from puncture and from side slipping. In carrying out this arrangment we provide
a strip of leather or other suitable material, preferably of one inch in width,
which may be rolled as above described. We attach this leather by solution,
rivetting stitching with thread, wire, or other suitable material to the centre of a
strip of canvas, waterproofed, or other similar material of the same width or wider
than the leather strip. Within the edges of the canvas we attach either by means
of folding over the canvas, to form a pocket or pockets, by stitching or other
means two wires or bands. The ends of said leather strips, canvas strip, pocket
or pockets, and wires or bands being joined by suitable ineans forming
and being of such shape as will fit closely to the outer covering or tread of a
pneumatic tyre.
a circle
To attach the protector to a pneumatic tyred wheel we place it round the
exterior of the tyre, when the tyre is deflated or partially so. Upon the tyre
being inflated, the air pressing the exterior of the tyre, between the wires or bands,
upon the edges or sides of the canvas will hold the canvas and leather band upon
its surface in firm position upon the exterior of the tyre.
In another arrangement two or more strips of leather may be used instead of one
fixed to the canvas as herein described.
In another arrangement a band of rubber may be solutioned or otherwise joined
to the canvas.
In another arrangement we propose to use a combination of corrugated steel
and rubber in the form of a band upon the exterior of the canvas, and in this case
we propose to affix the bands of steel and rubber made and used by Mr. Thomas
Dunn under his Patent 14173 A.D. 1891. The mode of attachment to the tyre
being by means of the wires upon the edges or sides of the canvas strip, to which
these corrugated bands of steel and rubber are attached

page_text: In another arrangement we use the circular strip of canvas with the leather or
other material attached to its exterior with or without a bead upon its edges. Such
beads may be formed of the canvas itself or of rubber or other material solutioned
stitched or otherwise joined to it. To attach the protector to the exterior of the
pneumatic tyre we place it round the exterior of the tyre, when the tyre is deflated
or partially so. Upon the tyre being inflated the air pressing the exterior of the
tyre between the beads and against the protector will hold the same in firm position
upon the exterior of the tyre.
In another arrangement we attach the wires as previously described, to the edges
of the leather strip or band by stitching, wireing or other means.or we attach by
solutioning, stitching or other means a bead of canvas or other material to the
edges of the leather strip or band. In each of these two last arrangements the
circular strips with the wires or beads will be placed upon the exterior of a
pneumatic tyre when deflated and will be held in firm position by the inflating of
the tyre.
In another arrangement we propose to fix studs or rivets with round heads (or
similar shape) projecting to prevent slipping.
Dated Octalian Do 1005
SYDNEY LEE.
J. R. TRIGWELL.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in or connected with Tyres for Bicycle, Tricycle,
or other Road Vehicle Wheels.
We, SYDNEY LEE of 9 Furnival Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Auctioneer, and JAMES RICHARD TRIGWELL of 146 Brixton Hill, in the County
of Surrey, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The first portion of this invention as set forth in the Provisional Specification
having been included in our previous Specification No. 14499 of 1892 we shall.only
deal here with the second portion of the invention relating to the steel or similar
protecting bands or coverings.
In our Provisional Specification we refer to the Patent of Thos. Dunn No. 14173
of 1891 and it is with the class of protectives therein set forth that our present
invention deals.
The accompanying drawings will serve to illustrate our improvements.
In Figure 1 which is a longitudinal cross section through a corrugated band
constructed according to one form of the invention, A. represents in one or more
thicknesses a strip of rubber, canvas or similar material or the two combined, pro-
vided at proper distances with eyelets B through which pass the rivets C, preferably
loose, each rivet having a head upon one side of the band and being rivetted over
sufficiently on the other to prevent its passing through the eyelet B. Each rivet
carries a plate D of thin flexible steel or other metal or material the plates being
substantially similar to those described in the before mentioned Specification of
Mr. Duun No. 14173 of 1891.
Any of the canvas strips however may be provided at each edge with a wire or
equivalent hoop as set forth in our before mentioned previous Specification
No. 14499 of 1892, the application and object of which will be well understood. by
reference to that Specification.
In Figure 2 a similar protecting band is disclosed excepting that the plates D
are alternately arranged on opposite sides of the band the edges of those upon one
side of the band overlapping the edges of the plates upon the other side of the
band so that no open space may be left through which a puncture of the air-tube
might be effected.

page_text: In Figure 3 each plate D is in fact only an enlarged head of the rivet the rivet
being in one piece with the head and passing through the eyelet hole in the band A
as before and sufficiently rivetted over upon the other side either with or without a
washer to prevent it passing back through the eyelet. It will be understood that
the eyelets are not absolutely essential if a large washer be employed upon the
other side; but since the material is liable to be torn if not provided with the
eyelet we prefer to use the eyelets. Figure 4 is a plan of that part of the band
shown in section in Figure 3, where the plates or rivet heads D) are on the same
side of the canvas and overlap where they are on opposite sides of the canvas the
arrangement would be similar to that shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 shows one of
the rivet plates before the end of the rivet has been headed. Figure 6 shows a
similar plate but having two rivets one near each end; this would require two sets
of eyelet holes in the canvas. In Figure 7 the ends of the plate Dare provided
with extensions D' turned up, passed through the canvas strip and clenched or
folded over as shown in Figure 8.
Figure 9 shows any of the bands previously described enveloped in a canvas
rubber or similar covering or case G which is desirable to protect the air tube and
cover from damage when the protecting band is placed as shown in Figure 10,
between the cover E and the air tube F. In the latter application it is not
essential to provide the band with the wires in the edges as it would necessarily
assume the concave form (which as indicated in our Provisional Specification may
be imparted when necessary by rollers or other mechanical means) which would
secure it in its proper position upon the tyre; however the wires or equivalent may
be employed in this form if desired.
If
Any of these protecting bands may be placed either outside the cover or outside
the air tube (the latter position they would necessarily assume in the case of a
"solid wall" air tube which does not have a separate cover) as the non-slipping
effect appears to be exactly the same whether they are inside or outside.
desired where the band is on the outside of the cover E the rivet heads D may be
enlarged or raised up so as to obtain a firmer hold upon the ground by actually
entering into it, but our experience leads us to consider such enlargements to be
unnecessary besides being otherwise objectionable.
Although in Figures 6, 7 and 8 we have described the securing of the plates to
the band A by rivets or pieces at each end we prefer to secure them by the single
central rivet or fastening as shown in the earlier figures of the drawings as we find
that with the single central fastening a certain amount of play is allowed to the
plate which is not obtainable when the plate is fastened at both ends.
We do not bind ourselves to use rivets only, for securing the plates as other
fastenings say for example wire staples, wire or other stitches adhesive material or
the like inay be used.
Figure 11 shows the circular strip or band of canvas carrying upon its exterior
the leather or other material applied in the requisite number of thicknesses either
as complete circular bands or as shown in Fig. 11 in bunches or short strips D, the
end of each bunch overlapping the previous one and secured by one part only to
the canvas strip A. Where several thicknesses are employed it is evident that
cach strip must be made of thin light and flexible material-and since it is very
difficult to puncture through a succession of thicknesses arranged in this manner
even if made of flimsy material like paper, we find that thin fabric may be
employed in this manner with excellent results. The fabric should be of a
sufficiently close texture such for example as linen, silk, jackinette or the like
or wash-leather would be suitable for this purpose, ordinary leather being
usually too stiff and heavy to be employed in this manner excepting in the case of
tyres suitable for heavy vehicles.
In Figure 11 the first two bunches D to the left hand of the drawing are shown
secured to the canvas strip A by stitches H at end of the bunch, in the next section
or bunch towards the right the bunch is shown secured in the centre by stitches H,
while the next bunch is shown secured in the centre by the rivet C passing through

page_text: an eyelet in the band A exactly as in Figure 1. A good deal depends upon the
length of the strips forming each bunch, which may be varied as required from
quite short lengths as shown in the drawing to long lengths which would extend
perhaps a quarter of the way around the tyre. Where long lengths are employed
the fastening might well be in the centre but for shorter lengths we prefer to
fasten them at the end as if fastened in the centre the amount of material at each
side of the fastening would be inconveniently short. To prevent puncture at the
junction between two bunches the ends must be overlapped. This may be effected
by simply placing the whole of the ends of one bunch over the ends of the other
but this would be a clumsy way of doing it, and would double the thickness of the
band at that point. We therefore prefer to "halve" them into each other as
shown in the drawing where each bunch is shown with four thicknesses the upper
two extending beyond the lower two at one end and the lower two beyond the
upper two at the other.end; by this means the overlapping is effected without
increasing the thickness of the band. The same.result could be effected by stepping
all four of the pieces forming each bunch but it would be more difficult to get them
evenly arranged.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A protective band or covering consisting of a flexible strip or band such as A
having eyelets B overlapping plates D rivets C and wire hoops at the edges
substantially as described.
2. A protective band consisting of a strip or band of flexible material such as A
having at its edges wires or equivalent non-stretchable hoops or bands and
unpuncturable plates such as D arranged alternately upon opposite sides of the
band substantially as described.
3. A protective band comprising a strip or band of flexible material such as A
unpuncturable plates such as D secured thereto on one or both sides and a
flexible bag or casing G substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
4. A protective device for pneumatic tyres comprising a strip or band A pro-
vided with strips or layers of flexible material arranged in rings or bunches
substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 11 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicants.