IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS AND CONDENSING VAPOURS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hydes, Joseph Bennett, and John Emil
Bennett, all of Sheffield, in the County of York, for the Invention
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hydes, Joseph
Bennett, and John Emil Bennett at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th January 1871.
We, THOMAS HYDES, JOSEPH BENNETT, and JOHN EMIL BENNETT, all
of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS AND
CONDENSING VAPOURS," to be as follows:-
-
This Invention consists of improved apparatus for cooling liquids and
condensing vapours by the combined action of water and air.
The following is an example of the construction of the above apparatus
and its mode of action:-The apparatus may be composed of tubes,
channels, or other surfaces, through which the liquid intended to be
cooled, or vapour to be condensed is caused to pass. The said tubes,

page_text: channels, or other surfaces should be made of heat conducting materials.
Upon one side of or through the aforesaid tubes, channels, or other
surfaces the liquid or vapour are to be made to pass, while the opposite
side is kept moist. We then cause atmospheric air to pass over or
against the outer surface of the aforesaid tubes, channels, or other
surfaces, at a rapid rate by means of machinery, fans, disc pumps, or
other known appliances in known and common use for that purpose;
and the said air passing over, through, or against the said moist surfaces
will cool or condense the liquid or vapour within the said tubes,
channels, or surfaces, or on the opposite side thereof to that on or
against which the cold air is brought into contact.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patents,
filed by the said Thomas Hydes, Joseph Bennett, and John Emil
Bennett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th July 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
HYDES, JOSEPH BENNETT, and JOHN EMIL BENNETT, all of Sheffield, in
the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Hydes, Joseph Bennett, and
John Emil Bennett, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas
Hydes, Joseph Bennett, and John Emil Bennett, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Hydes,
Joseph Bennett, and John Emil Bennett, our, executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at. any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COOLING
LIQUIDS AND CONDENSING VAPOURS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Thomas Hydes, Joseph Bennett, and John Emil
Bennett, our, executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
}
.

page_text: under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
. its 07517
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Hydes, Joseph Bennett,
and John Emil Bennett, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say:
Jana
*
11.
This Invention consists of improved apparatus for cooling liquids and
condensing vapours by the combined action of water and air.
The following is an example of the construction of the above apparatus
and its mode of action:-The apparatus may be composed of tubes,
channels, or other surfaces, through which the liquid intended to be
cooled, or vapour to be condensed is caused to pass. The said tubes,
channels, or other surfaces should be made of heat conducting materials.
Upon one side of or through the aforesaid, tubes, channels, or other
surfaces the liquid or vapour is to be made to pass, while the opposite
side is kept moist. We then cause atmospheric air to pass over or
.against the outer surface of the aforesaid tubes, channels, or other
surfaces at a rapid rate by means of machinery, fans, disc pumps, or
other known appliances in known and common use for that purpose and
the said air passing over, through, or against the said moist surfaces
will cool or condense the liquid or vapour within the said tubes, channels,
or surfaces, or on the opposite side thereof to that on or against which
the cold air is brought into contact.
This Invention will be better understood by referring to the accom-
panying Drawing, which represents our improved apparatus in side
elevation at Fig. 1, and in cross section at Fig. 2 and 3. The same
letters of reference denote corresponding parts at each of the said
Figures.
A, B, mark tubes of metal contained one within the other; C are
division plates fixed to the outer tube A; D is a pipe pipe for the admission
of air into the tube A, and a is a cock to regulate the supply of air;
E is another pipe for admitting water into the tube A, and 6 is a tap to

page_text: pump or other suitable appliance for exhausting or drawing out the air
or steam from the pipe A..
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The air current, which
enters the tube A. by the pipe D, passes alternately over and under the
divisions C, causing a spray of water to dash over the inner tube B,
through which the the liquid to be cooled is passing, and thus keeping
the surface of this tube moist or damp. The heat is taken up by the
moisture, causing rapid evaporation, and the steam resulting therefrom
is carried away by the current of air admitted by the pipe D, and by
these means liquids or vapours passing through the inner tube B may
be cooled or condensed.
Having now, described our Invention, and the manner of operating
therewith, we would remark in conclusion that we do not intend to
limit ourselves to the particular form of construction of apparatus
above described, and we hereby declare our Invention to consist in and
we claim, cooling liquids or condensing vapours by the combined action of
air and water mechanically applied as above described with reference
to the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Emil Bennett, one of the
parties hereto, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth
day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named John Emil Bennett,
in the presence of
EDWP, WADHAM,
J. EMIL BENNETT. (L.S.)
A Justice of the Peace for Lancashire.