Improvements in Incandescence Gas Burners.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescence Gas Burners.
We, JOHN HENRY HILL DUNCAN, of 39, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Chartered Accountant, THE NEW SUNLIGHT INCANDESCENT COMPANY, LIMITED, of
33 and 34, Shoe Lane, aforesaid, and HARRY THEODORE BARNETT, of 7, Tedding-
ton Park Road, Teddington, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to incandescence gas burners of the kind especially
adapted for use without a chimney.
A burner according thereto. is constructed with a burner tube consisting of
two hollow truncated conical portions united at their smaller ends to an inter-
mediate portion of uniform diameter throughout its length, the lower conical
portion having an inlet or inlets for air at its lower end. The proportionato
lengths of the upper, middle and lower portions of the said tube may vary con-
siderably, as may also the angles described by the sides of the conical portions
thereof. The tube may be joined up in lengths or turned, drawn or otherwise
shaped from a single piece of metal, and if desired the zones at which the conical
portions join the centre portion may be bevelled or rounded off to avoid the
slightly increased friction which might otherwise be set up thereby in the
gaseous mixture flowing through the tube.
The air inlet orifice or orifices by which air enters the tube (or some of such
orifices when there are several) may be provided with a ring or other shaped
shutter adapted to be slid or otherwise moved so as to constrict or diminish the
effective area available for the admission of air but which cannot close the air
inlet or inlets so fully as to cause the production of a sooty flame which might
injure the mantle. In the case of a tubular burner having air holes formed in
its lower end and provided with a gas nipple or pommel screwed into its base
the constricting shutter may be a ring of insufficient size to completely cover
the said air tubes and preferably resting when not in use below them and on an
annular enlargement of the said nipple or pommel, its size, form and position
being such that under no circumstances could an accidental covering of the air
holes and consequent production of a sooty flame, be brought about by any
vibration to which the burner might be subjected. The said air regulating device
is intended to be used to vary the admission of air to such an extent as may be
necessitated by variation in the constitution or pressure or both, of the gas to
be burnt, or by difference in the size of the mantles supplied, its value largely
lying in the fact that the size of the flame can be increased (by reducing the air
supply) to properly incandescence a large or badly fitting mantle, or reduced by
a larger admission of air in order to obtain a maximum brilliance with a closely
fitting or perfectly shaped mantle.
The head or top of the burner is or may be detachable and rest directly on
the top of the upper inverted cone, or its lower edge, which may be provided
with a flange may be caused to rest upon or fit over an annular or other projec-
tion formed integral with or attached to the said upper cone. When the burner
017

page_text: tube is of drawn metal the said annular projection may conveniently be formed
by means of pressure applied to the said metal internally as in the operation.
known as spinning."
66
When a glass shade or globe is to be supported on the burner, the gallery to
carry the same may conveniently be held by three or more arms or brackets that
are fixed to the lower cone and extend upward and outward to the gallery to
which they are also secured, and thence extend inward and downwards to the
upper cone to which they are also attached; the object of this device being to
provide a steady and strong support for the shade and to avoid constricting the
narrow intermediate portion of the burner tube, by the inner ends of screws or
rivets.
The hereinbefore mentioned improvements may be applied separately to various
forms of burner but they have their greatest value when used together.
uly 1899.
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
4G, Lincoln's. Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent.
".
Improvements in Incandescence as burners.
We, JOHN HENRY HILL DUNCAN, of 39, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Chartered Accountant, THE NEW SUNLIGHT INCANDESCENT COMPANY, LIMITED, of
33 and 34, Shoe Lane, aforesaid, and HARRY THEODORE BARNETT, of 7, Tedding-
ton Park Road, Teddington, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to incandescence gas burners of the kind especially
adapted for use without a chimney and which have heretofore been manufactured
by the New Sunlight Incandescent Company, Limited, and their predecessors
in business, with an ejector having the form of two cones united at their summits
after the manner described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 10497 of
1894, granted to Frédéric de Mare.
Now a burner according to the present invention is constructed with a burner
tube consisting of two hollow truncated conical portions united at their smaller
ends by an intermediate portion of uniform diameter throughout its length, the
lower conical portion having an inlet or inlets for air at its lower end. The
proportionate lengths of the upper, middle and lower portions of the said tube
may vary considerably, as may also the angles described by the sides of the
conical portions thereof. The tube may be joined up in lengths, or turned,
.drawn or otherwise shaped from a single piece of metal, and if desired the zones
.at which the conical portions join the centre portion may be bevelled or rounded
off to avoid the slightly increased friction which might otherwise be set up
thereby in the gaseous mixture flowing through the tube.
The air inlet orifice or orifices by which air enters the tube (or some of such
orifices when there are several) may be provided with a ring or other shaped
shutter adapted to be slid or otherwise moved so as to constrict or diminish the
effective area available for the admission of air but which cannot close the air
inlet or inlets so fully as to cause the production of a sooty flame which might
injure the mantle. In the case of a tubular burner having air holes formed in

page_text: its lower end and provided with a gas nipple or pommel screwed into its base
the constricting shutter may be a ring of insufficient size to completely cover
the sand air holes and preferably resting when not in use below them and on an
annular enlargement of the said nipple or pommel, its size, form and position
being such that under no circumstances could an accidental covering of the air
holes and consequent production of a sooty flame be brought about by any
vibration to which the burner might be subjected. The said air regulating device
is intended to be used to vary the admission of air to such an extent as may be
necessitated by variation in the constitution or pressure or both, of the gas to
be burnt, or by difference in the size of the mantles supplied, its value largely
lying in the fact that the size of the flame can be increased (by reducing the air
supply) to properly incandesce a large or badly fitting mantle, or reduced by
a larger admission of air in order to obtain a maximum brilliance with a closely
fitting or perfectly shaped mantle.
The head or top of the burner is or may be detachable and rest directly on
the top of the upper inverted cone, or its lower edge, which may be provided
with a flange, may be caused to rest upon or fit over an annular or other projec-
tion formed integral with or attached to the said upper cone.
When the burner
tube is of drawn metal the said annular projection may conveniently be formed
by means of pressure applied to the said metal internally as in the operation
known as spinning."
When a glass shade or globe is to be supported on the burner, the gallery to
carry the same may conveniently be held by three or more arms or brackets that
are fixed to the lower cone and extend upward and outward to the gallery, to
which they are also secured, and thence extend inward and downwards to the
upper cone, to which they are also attached; the object of this device being to
provide a steady and strong support for the shade and to avoid constricting-the
narrow intermediate portion of the burner tube by the inner ends of screws or
rivets.
The herein before mentioned improvements may be applied separately to various
forms of burner but they have their greatest value when used together.
Referring to the accompanying illustrative drawings,
Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of a burner according to this invention;
Fig. 2 a plan of the removable head or top of the same burner;
Fig. 3 an isometrical view of the air regulating ring; and
Fig. 4 shows a vertical section of so much as is needful to illustrate a modified
construction of the burner.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the burner tube consists of two hollow truncated
conical portions 1 and 2, united at their smaller ends to an intermediate por-
tion 3 of uniform diameter throughout its length, and the lower conical portion 2
has an inlet for air at its lower end through openings 4 formed in the prolonga-
tion 5, which is externally of uniform diameter throughout its length. The
proportionate lengths of the upper, middle, and lower portions of the tube may
with advantage be varied to suit the special kind of gas intended to be used,
as may also the apexial angles of the cones of which the internal surfaces of the
conical portions form parts.
In Fig. 1 the burner tube is represented with its several parts of relative
proportions we have found suitable when using ordinary illuminating gas for
incandescence gas lighting. In all cases care should be taken to avoid the forma-
tion of any internal shoulder or projection which would injuriously affect the
injector action. 5 is a split ring which is adapted to be slid or moved so as
to constrict or diminish the effective area available for the admission of air
through the openings 4, but which cannot close them so fully as to cause the
production of a luminous or partly luminous flame which would blacken the
mantle. Screwed into the base of the burner tube is a gas nipple 6 having an
annular enlargement 7 on which the ring 5ª can rest when in its lowest posi-
tion. The air regulating ring 5 is intended to be used to vary the admission

page_text: of air to such an extent as may be necessitated by variation in the constitution
or pressure or both of the gas to be burnt, or by difference in the size of the
mantle employed, so that the size of the flame can be increased (by reducing the
air supply) to incandesce properly a large or badly fitting mantle, or reduced
by a larger admission of air in order to obtain a maximum brilliance with a
closely fitting or perfectly shaped mantle, or with a richer gas or a gas under
lower pressure than that usually met with. The splitting of the ring as shown
in Fig. 3 gives a little elasticity to the ring and the use of such a ring enables
a close fit to be easily obtained without much friction, whilst with suitably
spaced air admission holes, the oblique split in the ring prevents such air admis-
sion holes from ever being completely closed, even when the width of the ring
is not less than the height of the air holes. The head or top 8 of the burner is
detachable, and its lower edge is (as shown in Fig. 1) provided with a flange 9
and rests upon or fits over an annular projection 10 made (in this example)
integral with or attached to the upper portion 1 of the tube. When the burner
tube is of drawn metal, the annular projection 10 may conveniently be formed
by means of pressure applied to the said metal internally, as in the operation
known as spinning." The top 8 is provided with an annular series of holes 11
each of which is of approximately pearshape. But this top may be modified.
Thus slight variations from pearshape may be made; for instance each hole
may consist of a circular portion and a straight portion projecting radially in-
ward therefrom. Furthermore the top might be constructed and arranged to
rest directly upon the top of the upper portion 1 of the burner tube; which, to
this end, might be made with a short cylindrical extension, on which the top
might fit as a cap; but we prefer the arrangement illustrated.
"
When a glass shade or globe is to be supported on the burner, the gallery 12
to carry the same may advantageously be held by three or more arms or
brackets 13, each of which is fixed to the lower conical portion 2, as by a
screw 14, and extends upward and outward to the gallery, to which it is also
secured at 15, and thence extends inward and downward to the upper conical
portion 1, to which it is further secured at 16.
The object of this device is to provide a steady and strong support to the shade
and to avoid constricting the narrow intermediate portion 3 of the burner tube.
by the inner ends of the screws or rivets by which the support is secured to the
burner tube.
The modification illustrated in Fig. 4 adheres more closely in its form and
details to the original burner shown in Fig. 4 of the said specification of De
Mare, with the addition of the straight portion 3 between the two cones, which
forms the subject of this invention. 1 and 2 are the two hollow truncated conical
portions, and 3, the intermediate portion of uniform diameter of the burner
tube, 4 air inlet openings, and 5 slotted air regulating shutter shown formed as
a deep ring or short tube with bottom flange but which may be varied.
Burners according to this invention may be constructed with various forms
of caps or tops and may be advantageously used with various kinds of gas,
including coal gas, water gas, and mixtures of these, acetylene, oil gas &c. The
more carbonaceous the gas and the more explosive its character, the smaller
should be the holes in the cap or top or head of the burner. The richer the
gas and the greater the proportion of air necessary to complete its combustion,
the smaller should be the diameter of the intermediate straight part 3 of the
burner tube as compared with the largest diameter of the upper conical part 1,
and the higher should be the pressure at which the gas should be supplied through
the nipple G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is:.
-
1. The improved burner for incandescent gas lighting constructed arranged

page_text: and with the parts thereof combined substantially as described and as shown in
the drawings.
2. In incandescent gas burners of the kind described the combination of the
burner tube consisting of the parts 1, 2, 3 and 5 having the air inlets 4 with
the gas nipple 6 and the cap 8 with its orifices all combined and arranged as
shown in the drawing.
3. In incandescent gas burners of the kind described the improved arrange-
ment of obliquely split ring for varying the admission of air without allowing
the air holes to be completely closed as herein before described and as shown in
Fig. 3.
Dated this 21st day of May 1900.
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent.