Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Fixing Bands or Hoops Inside and Outside Taper Metal Tubes.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 8th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th Feb., 1887.
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Fixing Bands or Hoops
Inside and Outside Taper Metal Tubes.
We, WILLIAM BAYLISS, of the firm of Bayliss Jones and Bayliss, of Victoria
Works, Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, manufacturers of fencing, metal
telegraph poles, and railway fastenings, and ROBERT HOWARTH, of 9 Beaumaris
Terrace, Lower Villiers Street, Blakenhall, Wolverhampton, aforesaid, engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers specially to machinery to be employed in fixing the
strengthening hoops inside taper tubular telegraph poles, and the strengthening bands
or aprons around the outside at the bottom of each division of such poles.
The internal hoops have hitherto been fixed by means of tools operated entirely by
hand, without the aid of intermediate mechanism, thus entailing considerable cost in
labour, and resulting in great irregularity in the position of the hoops; and the
mechanism hitherto employed for fixing the outside bands or aprons has not been of a
character to efficiently and economically perform the functions for which it has been.
employed.
Now, the chief object of this invention is, by the employment of suitable machinery,
to considerably cheapen the cost of fixing the interior hoops, and to perform such
operation in a more efficient manner than hitherto; and, by employing improved
mechanism for fixing the outside bands or aprons, to perform such work more efficiently
and with greatly increased economy.
This invention is, however, applicable generally for the purpose of fixing hoops and
bands inside and outside taper metal tubes.
The machinery forming the subject of this invention consists of two main portions
or divisions, namely, (1) that for fixing the inside hoops, and (2) that for fixing the
outside bands or aprons.
The machinery for fixing the inside hoops consists of a mandril, tapered to suit the
taper of the tube, carried on a travelling carriage or saddle capable of being moved
endways by means of a longitudinal screw screwed through a bush within the boss of

page_text: a spur wheel. One end of this screw is swivelled to the back end of the mandril, or
other part connected with the carriage, and the boss of the spur wheel is carried to
rotate within suitable bearings, and thus as the spur wheel is rotated in one direction
the carriage, and with it the mandril, is drawn backwards, and as the wheel is rotated
in the opposite direction the mandril is forced forwards. The mandril projects forwards
from the carriage with its smaller end in front and at different positions lengthways
of the mandril, corresponding to the desired relative positions of the hoops within the
tube, are arranged stops or shoulders. Each stop or shoulder consists of a set of three
projections placed, preferably, equally around the circumference of the mandril, one
projection of each set being on the underside of the mandril. The bottom projection
is hinged within the mandril in such a manner that it may be pushed up clear of the
surface of the mandril. This hinged projection, when not held up by hand, falls by its
own weight into a position to project below the surface of the mandril and thus form
an abutment or stop. The hoops are placed upon the mandril by passing the largest
hoop on first until it butts against the projections nearest to the larger end of the
mandril. This hoop can be passed over the other projections when the hinged
projection of each set is raised up into the mandril. The next hoop in size is then
passed on against the second set of projections, the lower projection in this case being,
of course, in its downward position and forming a projection against the hoop.
A tongue on the forward end of each hinged projection passes inside the corresponding
hoop, and if a hoop is somewhat oval the tongue lying upon the inside of the hoop
allows the shoulder to project behind the edge thereof, and gives inwards as the hoop
assumes the circular shape on being tightened within the tube. Any desired number
of hoops may thus be placed upon the mandril, corresponding with the number of
shoulders or sets of projections thereupon. After the hoops are placed in position
upon the mandril, the tube is placed thercover and projects beyond it for the distance
which it is necessary to force the hoops within he tube to fix them. A stop, con-
sisting conveniently of a pair of levers, is then placed in position in front of the end
of the tube, and this stop is supported against the pressure of the tube by a suitable
framing or support. The levers are maintained slightly apart by suitable stops so that
the interior of the tube can be conveniently inspected. The spur wheel is then rotated,
by means of suitable gearing from a prime mover, so as to force the screw forwards,
and thus force the mandril forwards, also, and with it the hoops thereon, within the
tube. A comparatively small resistance is opposed to the forward movement of the
mandril during the earlier portion of the stroke, and therefore, to expedite the move-
ment during such portion of the stroke, the screw is turned by means of a handle on
its back end. As the resistance, however, increases, the winding by hand is discontinued,
and the slower motion due to the operation of the machine continues until the hoops,
are forced firmly into their proper places within the tube. At this point the operation
of the machine is reversed, preferably by a self-acting movement, and the mandril is
.drawn back within the tube. The reverse motion has a quick speed. When the
mandril is drawn back to its extreme backward position the machine is thrown out of
gear, and, during such backward movement, the tube with the hoops therein is removed,
and fresh hoops and a fresh tube placed in position, after which the machine is re-started
by means of a hand lever or treadle.
The machine is, preferably, thrown into gear and into reverse gear and our of gear,
by means of a friction clutch held in reverse gear, that is for screwing the mandril
back from the tube, by means of a spring. When the moving carriage is in its
extreme backward position it operates, through the medium of suitable levers, to draw
back the clutch against the pressure of the spring and to retain it out of gear. When
the machine is to be again started the clutch is drawn into gear still further against
the pressure of its spring by means of a handle or treadle, and retained in such
position by a suitable catch; and when the carriage reaches its extreme forward
position it releases such catch and thus allows the clutch to be forced by its spring into
reverse gear again, in order to draw the mandril backwards from the tube.
A counterbalance weight is provided, backward of the carriage, to the overhanging

page_text: weight of the mandril and the tube at the front, and this counterbalance may be
conveniently formed as a backward extension of the mandril.
The improved machinery for fixing the outside bands or aprons is analogous to
the machinery described for fixing the inside hoops, but in lieu of a mandril a
moving head is employed having a bung or plug to enter a short distance
within the larger end of the tube and a flange or plate surrounding such bung
to bear against such end of the tube. The band is passed over the tube and
forced down as far as it conveniently can be with the aid of a bar. and then the tube
is laid upon suitable supports in front of the head, and a pair of levers or arms, form-
ing tongs to fit around the tube, are brought up on each side of the tube and at the
back edge of the band, and are tightened together so as to ensure that a sufficient
pressure shall be exerted around the tube to cause it to take a circular shape, as it
passes between the tongs, if it should previously be at all oval, and so that the back
edge of the band shall bear against the tongs as the tube is forced forwards. When
the machine is put in motion to fix a band, a screw (corresponding to the screw of the
machine previously described) forces forwards the moving head, and thus forces the
tube through the band until the latter is firmly fixed in position around the larger end
of the tube but it is not desirable to turn the screw by hand as the travel is compara-
tively short. The head then moves backward, in the manner before described with
reference to the mandril; and the general operation of the machine is similar to that
of the machine previously described.
The flange, or plate around the bung may form a bung for a larger size of tube, and
so on for various sizes.

page_text: Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Fixing Bands or Hoops
Inside and Outside Taper Metal Tubes.
We, WILLIAM BAYLISS, of the firm of Bayliss, Jones and Bayliss, of Victoria
Works, Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, manufacturers of fencing, metal
telegraph poles, and railway fastenings, and ROBERT HOWARTH, of 9 Beaumaris
Terrace, Lower Villiers Street, Blakenhall, Wolverhampton, aforesaid, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference
marked thereon (that is to say)
:-
This invention refers specially to machinery to be employed in fixing the
strengthening hoops inside taper tubular telegraph poles, and the strengthening bands
or aprons around the outside at the bottom of each division of such poles.
The internal hoops have hitherto been fixed by means of tools operated entirely by
land, thus entailing considerable cost in labour, and resulting in great irregularity in
the position of the hoops; and the mechanism hitherto employed for fixing the outside
bands or aprons has not been of a character to efficiently and economically perform
the functions for which it has been employed; and in both cases the means employed
have been such as to operate in an intermittent manner, so that each internal hoop, or
external band, has been fixed in place by a series of pushes exerted against such hoop
or against the end of the tube as the case may have been. We find that the hoops and
bands can be much more tightly fixed in place when the push for effecting the purpose
is exerted at one continuous operation, as the hoops or bands are liable to :: seize **tlic
tubes if the movement is momentarily stopped.
Now, the chief object of this invention is, by the employment of suitable machinery,
to considerably cheapen the cost of fixing the interior hoops, and to perform such
operation in a more efficient manner than hitherto; and, by employing improved
mechanism fór fixing the outside bands or aprons, to perform such work more
efficiently and with greatly increased economy; and in each case to perform the fixture
at one continuous operation.
This invention is, also, applicable generally for the purpose of fixing hoops and
bands inside and outside taper metal tubes.
The machinery forming the subject of this invention consists of two main portions
or divisions, namely, (1) that for fixing the inside hoops, and (2) that for fixing the
outside bands or aprons.
The machinery for fixing the inside hoops comprises a mandril, fitted at different
positions in the length thereof, corresponding to the desired relative position of the
hoops within the tube, with stops or shoulders. The hoops to be fixed within a tube
are placed upon the mandril by passing the largest hoop on first until it butts against
the stop nearest to the largest end, and then passing the next sized hoop over the
mandril and into position againsst the second stop, and so on for any desired number of

page_text: hoops. After the hoops have been placed in position around the mandril the tube is
placed thereover and projects beyond the end of the mandril. The mandril is then
forced forwards by the aid of a screw, or rack and pinion, or other suitable means, so
as to tightly fix the hoops within the tube, an abutment being, of course, placed at the
taper end of the tube so as to support it endways against the pressure from the
mandril or the tube itself may be forced back over the mandril with a corresponding
result in which case, of course, an abutment must be provided at the back end of the
mandril. Each stop or shoulder, aforesaid, consists, preferably, of a set of three
projections placed equally around the circumference of the mandril. In cases in which
the taper of the mandril is not sufficient to permit of a larger hoop being passed over
the stop for the next sized smaller hoop, it is necessary that such stop shall be partially
collapsible, and for this purpose one of the projections is arranged at the bottom of the
mandril and is hinged within the mandril in such a manner that it may be raised and
held up, and when not held up by hand fall by its own weight into a downward
position and form a shoulder or abutment for a hoop; and it is desirable that the
bottom projection of each stop shall be hinged as described, and also formed with a
tongue projecting forwards from the shoulder, so that if a hoop is somewhat oval the
tongue will lie upon the inside thereof and allow the shoulder to project behind the
edge thereof; this projection will, of course, give inwards as the hoop assumes a
circular shape on being tightened in the tube. The lower side of the hinged projection
is inclined so as to give inwards against the pressure of a hoop as the tube with the
hoops fixed therein is removed from around the mandril. The hinged projection also
permits of the mandril being used, within reasonable limits, for different sizes and
tapers of tube.
This part of our invention will be clearly understood on reference to the drawings
on sheets 1, 2, and 3 herewith, of which figure 1 is a side elevation of the main portion
of a machine for the purpose of this part of our invention; the outer end is broken
away for convenience of illustration, but will be readily understood on reference to the
other views figure 2 is a plan of figure 1: figure 3 is a continuation of the plan
of the machine, illustrating the parts not shown by figures and 2; in this last
mentioned view a tube and interior hoops for fixture therein are shown in section ;
Figure 4 is an elevation of the inner face of the abutment and support and of the
movable stop hereinafter described; figure 5 a transverse section through the mandril
immediately in front of one of the stops; figure 6 is a longitudinal section through
part of the mandrit and one of the bottom hinged projections; and figure 2" a view, in
transverse section, of the means by which the mandril hereinafter described is fixed to
its carriage. The same letters of reference occurring upon any two or more of these
views indicate corresponding parts. A travelling carriage A is supported upon
wheels B B etc. so as to be capable of travelling upon rails CC. A taper mandril D
is supported by the carriage A so as to travel therewith. D² is a square part of the
mandril and fits between the sides or checks of the carriage A and between
flanges a² a² etc; and the checks are bolted together, so as to securely hold the
mandril between them, by means of bolts. The back end D¹ of the mandril
projects beyond the hinder end of the carriage and acts as a counter-balance weighi
to the forward end, and is formed with a flange which is fixed, by means of
bolts a a, to a cross-head E' fitted to slide upon guide bars A¹ A. These guide bars
are fixed at one end to a fixed poppet B₁, and at the other end to a block forming
the abutment for the outer end of the tube and resting upon a wooden or other block
or support F. The cross-head E¹ has a boss projecting at the back thereof, and a
screw-bar is swivelled to the cross-head by means of a collar a² let into the face of
the cross-head, so as to be capable of turning therein, previously to the flange E being
fixed thereto. A spur wheel G is mounted to turn within the poppet B, and the
screw-bar F is screwed through the boss or nave of the wheel, or through a bush
fixed within such boss or nave, and thus as the wheel revolves in one direction the bar
is moved end ways to force forwards the cross-head and the mandril and carriage, and
as the wheel G is revolved in the opposite direction the bar F¹ is drawn back and
draws back with it the cross-head and the mandril and carriage.

page_text: Referring now specially to the drawings on sheet 3 herewith, projections ec etc.
stand out from the surface of the mandril. These projections are formed, preferably,
of blocks let into the mandril, and a part of each block immediately in front of the
projection e stands out so as to form a fillet above the surface of the mandril. A
projection (see figure 6) is formed upon a bar el capable of being pushed up, as
shewn, into a recess in the face of the mandril. This bar el is hinged at its back end
within the recess, but the hinge pin is easy therein so as to allow the thrust of the
bar e to be taken by a block d', formed, preferably, of steel. The bar has a
tongue d projecting at its forward end. A heel at the back end of the bar is
shaped so as to permit of a certain fall of the bar, but so as also to limit the distance of
such fall. The hoops e e e are each placed against a stop formed by two of the
projections and the projection e², the interior of the larger end of the hoop resting
upon the fillets c¹ c', and the tongue d resting upon the inside of the bottom of the
hoop. The tongue d is curved or slanted so as to be raised by the hoop within the
recess in the mandril as it is pushed into position against the projections. The outer
surfaces of the projections. ee are formed excentric to the mandril, as shewn, so as to
allow for the excentric position of the hoop in relation to the mandril, as shewn, and
thus permit of the maximum collapsibility of each stop formed by a pair of fixed
projections and a collapsible projection. The abutment has an opening C
therethrough of a size to admit the larger end of the tube G¹ into which the hoops are
to be fixed. After the hoops have been fixed in position against the stops, as
described, the tube is passed through the opening of the abutment and over the
hoops, and then a pair of levers, hinged or fulcrumed at their lower ends to the
block or support F, and having their back faces against the inner face of the
abutment C, are moved up into position to come between the abutment and the smaller
end of the tube so as to form a stop to the endway movement of the tube in such
direction. The mandril is then moved forwards, in the manner above described, so as
to tightly force the hoops into the tube, and when this has been accomplished the
mandril is drawn back so as to be loose within the hoops and in position for repeating
the operation within a second tube, and the levers are drawn outwards from one
another and rest against the guide bars A A¹ and the tube, with the hoops
firmly fixed therein, is drawn from off the mandril. In case the projections for a
smaller hoop are of a larger diameter than the interior of a larger hoop within
the same tube the bottom of the inclined lower side of the hinged projection
causes it to give up under the pressure of the larger hoop as the tube and hoops
are drawn off the mandril. The projections ee and the bar el are replaced for different
sizes of hoop, except when the differences in sizes are small.
A convenient form of mechanism for driving and controlling the movements of the
machine is illustrated by figures 1. and 2. A larger pulley H and a smaller pulley H'
are each mounted to turn loosely upon a spindle carried in bearings ƒ^ƒ¼, and a
pinion is fixed upon the end of such spindle and gears with the wheel G. A friction
clutch is carried so as to slide upon a feather key upon the spindle, and this clutch
may be thrown into gear with either of the pulleys or out of gear with both of them.
The pulley H is driven in a direction to cause the bar FT to advance and force
forwards the mandril, and the pulley H' is driven in the opposite direction so as
to cause the bar F, and consequently the mandril also, to be drawn back. A spring K,
pressing against the lower end of a lever K' fixed upon a spindle g, tends constantly
to bring the clutch J' into gear with the pulley H. A treadle lever L is connected,
by means of a link L' and toggle joint M, with the lower end of the lever K', so that
by pressing the foot upon the treadle the link is drawn down and tends to
straighten the toggle joint M. and force back the lower end of the lever K' against the
pressure of the spring K, and thus draw the clutch from out of gear with the
pulley H and into gear with the pulley H, and this purpose may be effected also by
means of a handle-lever M' fixed upon the spindle g. In the position in which the
parts are shewn by figure 1 the treadle lever is pressed down with the effect above
described. A vertical lever N, fulcrumed at or near its centre, has its lower end
formed with an inclined part g² terminating downwards in a shoulder, and the treadle

page_text: is retained in its downward position, shewn by figure 1, by this shoulder bearing
upon a projection (shewn by broken lines figure 1) on the treadle lever. A spring h
fixed at one end to a part of the framing, bears against the forward or outer edge of
the lever N and fends consequently to maintain it in its vertical position against any
tendency to move backwards at the bottom, and to return it to such position after
being moved back as hereinafter described. As the carriage A completes its backward
traverse one of the hinder wheels comes in contact with the lower end of a lever N¹
fixed to the spindle g, and draws the clutch J out of gear with the pulley H' and
stops the action of the machine; and as the carriage completes its forward traverse
a projection on a bar O fixed to the carriage comes in contact with the upper end
of the vertical lever N, and forces back the shoulder at its lower end clear of the
projection on the treadle lever, and allows the spring K to force forward the lower
end of the lever K, and bring the clutch into gear with the pulley H', and at the
same time close inwards the toggle-joint M. and raise the treadle lever. The carriage
and mandril are thus drawn back by the reverse action of the machine. A winch
handle O¹ is placed on the outer end of the screwed bar F', and is wound for the
purpose of taking up the slack in forcing forward the mandril, so as to save time in
the operation, as the bar is moved forward by the power mechanism only at a speed
suitable to overcome the greatest resistance. Simultaneously with the reversal of the
power mechanism to bring back the mandril after the hoops have been forced "home"
within the tube, or, preferably, just before such reversal, the bar F is started back +
by means of the winch handle 0 to relieve the shock on the gearing and avoid the
slipping of the friction clutch; and to enable this to be readily accomplished it is
desirable to leave the handle in winding up, in position to enable the power to be most
advantageously applied in unwinding. The bar F₁is prevented from being turned by
the wheel G by means of a ratchet which is put into gear with a toothed wheel in
one direction when the winding of the winch handle ceases, and in the opposite
direction when the unwinding of such handle ceases.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-In the illustrations the hoops and the
tube are supposed to have been placed in position, as described, for the purpose of
fixing the hoops within the tube; and the clutch J is in gear with the pulley H, and
thus the screwed bar F is being driven forwards, and the mandril with the hoops
thereon is being forced up within the tube; but in order to save time the bar F' is
also wound by the handle O¹ in a direction to screw it more rapidly through the nave
of the wheel G, until the resistance becomes too great to be overcome in this manner.
The winding then ceases and the bar is forced forwards, for the remainder of its stroke,
simply by the operation of the wheel G, and is prevented from turning with the
wheel by means of the ratchet and toothed wheel j. As the bar F, and
consequently the carriage A and mandril D, complete their forward stroke the
projection, coming in contact with the upper end of the lever N, forces lack the
lower end of such lever and brings the shoulder at the bottom of the inclined part g
clear of the projection on the treadle lever, and allows the spring K to operate the
lever K and draw the clutch J out of gear with the pulley H and into the gear
with the pulley H¹ as before described, and thus together with the previous or
simultaneous unwinding of the winch handle O¹, as before described, occasion the
return stroke of the bar F', carriage A, and mandril D and such operation of the
lever K closes inwards the toggle joint M and raises the link L' and treadle lever L.
As the bar F, carriage A, and mandril D, complete their backward stroke, one of the
hinder wheels B comes in contact with the lower end of the lever N and thus draws
the clutch out of gear with the pulley H¹, and stops the machine. After the
removal of the tube, with the hoops firmly fixed therein, and the replacement of fresh
hoops and a fresh tube around the mandril, the machine is restarted by pressing down
the treadle lever L, and thus bringing the parts into position shewn by figures 1 and 2,
that is to say, the projection bearing against the inclined part 2 of the lever N, as
the treadle lever is pressed down, forces back the lower end of the lever N until the
projection passes below such inclined part, whereupon the lever N springs back
into its vertical position and locks the treadle lever. As the treadle is forced down
h

page_text: the link L' is drawn down and opens the toggle joint, and forces back the lower
end of the lever K' against the pressure of the spring K, and forces the clutch J'
into gear with the pulley H, and the forward stroke of the bar F1, carriage A, and
mandril D, then takes place in the manner before described. The lever handle M
is not essential, but is convenient as enabling the machine to be stopped at the end
of its forward stroke so as to allow of the winch handle being unwound in time to
save shock to the gearing or the slipping of the friction clutch. Extra pressure may
be put upon the friction clutch during the forward and backward stroke of the
mandril, respectively, in case it has a tendency to slip, by the treadle lever and the
handle lever, respectively.
It is not essential to employ an arrangement for taking up the slack of the mandril
in its forward stroke and for starting it in its backward stroke, though it is
preferred; but if such an arrangement is not employed the ratchet and wheel j
may be dispensed with, and the forward end of the bar " be fixed to the cross-head
in such a manner that it cannot turn therein.
The bar carrying the projection and also the lever N₁, are each formed in
two pieces bolted together so as to be adjustable as to length in order to enable the
machine to be set for any desired stroke.
The machinery for fixing the strengthening bands or aprons around the outside of
tubes comprises a moving head having a bung or plug to enter a short distance within
the larger end of the tube, and a flange or plate surrounding such bung to bear
against such end of the tube. The band is passed over the tube and forced down
as far as it conveniently can be with the aid of a bar, and then the tube is laid upon
suitable supports in front of the head, and a pair of levers or arms, forming tongs to
fit around the tube, are brought upon each side of the tube and at the back edge of
the band, and are tightened together so as to ensure that a sufficient pressure shall
be exerted around the tube to cause it to take a circular shape, as it passes between
the tongs in the manner hereinafter described, if it should previously be at all oval,
The outer face of the tongs is backed by a suitable support. In order to fix the band
around the tube the moving head is forced forwards by the aid of a screw, or rack and
pinion, or other suitable means, and thus the tube is forced through the band (which
is prevented from moving backwards by the fongs) and also through the tongs. The
head is then moved backwards similarly as the carriage and mandril before described,
and the tube with the band fixed therearound is then removed and another tube and
band placed in position.
This part of our invention will be clearly understood on reference to the drawings
on sheets 4 and 5 herewith, of which figure 7 is a side elevation of the main portion
of the machine for the purpose of this part of our invention, the outer end of the tube
being broken away for convenience of illustration; figure 8 is a plan of figure 7, and
figure 9 an elevation of the inner face of the tongs hereinafter described. In these
views, also, the same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, and, as the
construction and operation of this machine is in many features analogous to those of
the machine already described, the parts in this machine which correspond to those
in the other, are, in the main, lettered the same, for the sake of convenience of
reference. Á moving head E¹ has formed or fixed to its forward face a cone
consisting of a number of circular parts etc. each outer one being of a lesser
diameter than the adjacent inner one. This head is carried upon guide bars A'A'
fixed at one end to a head O' on the framing or bed of the machine, and at the other
end to a block C¹ resting upon a block or support F. This block C has an opening
therethrough for the passage of the tube and band. The tube G' with the band
pushed as far therealong as may be convenient by hand, or by the aid of a bar or
hammer, is passed through the opening in the block C, and the larger end of the tube
is placed around such one of the parts as best fits within it, and butts against the
outer face of the corresponding part of larger diameter adjacent to it. The pair of
tongs ff, having part thereof formed to a circular shape to fit around the tube, rest
loosely within a V-d notch in the top of the block F, and are tightened up together
around the tube between the inner face of the block C and the smaller end of the

page_text: band P, and with their back faces against the face of the block C. The moving
head E is then moved forwards and forces the tube G within the band P so as to
securely fix such band around the tube; and when it is desired that the larger end of
the band shall be flush with the larger end of the tube, the band is, of course, made of
the proper diameter for this and the tube is forced up into the position indicated.
The forward or inner face of the tongs acts as an abutment or stop to the smaller end
of the band, and thus resists the pressure occasioned by the forcing up of the tube
The tongs are held tightly together around the tube by means of a screw k and thumb
nut, and the screw is hinged to one arm and is moved up out of a slot in the other
arm to allow the tongs to be opened wide for the removal of a tube and band.
The mechanism for driving and controlling the movements of this machine may be
conveniently made similar in character to that described for the corresponding
purpose in the case of the machine previously described, and will require very little
explanation.
In the arrangement illustrated the position of the pinion J and wheel G, in relation
to the spindle carrying the pulleys H and H', is altered the lever N is pulled out of
gear with the treadle lever L by means of a chain / connected at one end with the
moving head E and at the other end with an adjustable hook-ended pin fixed by
means of lock-nuts to the top of the lever N; and the lever N¹ is operated, as the
moving head completes its backward stroke, by a tappet " on the bar F coming in
contact with the upper end of an L-lever RR, which carries at its lower end a roller m
bearing upon the lower end of the lever N'. The lever N1 is kept in proper sideway
gear with the roller m by means of a bridle m' hanging from the pin on which the
roller rovolves. The chain is omitted in figure S.
In the machine last described the screwed bar F¹ is fixed to the moving head so as
not to turn therein, and the winch handle and ratchet before described are dispensed
with, as the band being driven down tolerably tightly around the tube before being
to take up by hand.
placed in the machine there is little or no slack
The outer end of the tube is carried, whilst in the machine, by a support. not shewn
by the drawings.
The machine last described may be adapted for fixing, at one operation, two or more
bands or hoops outside a taper metal tube by providing the corresponding number of
abutments C and pairs of tongs ƒƒ placed in positions in relation to one another
corresponding to the desired positions of the bands or hoops upon the tube.
I will be obvious that in both the machines above described, a wheel-and-rack
motion may be substituted for the screw gear by which the mandril in the one case,
and the tube in the other, is forced forwards.
A special feature of the machines or apparatus above described consists in the fact
that the movements, respectively, by which the hoops are forced into a tube, and a
tube forced into the band or apron, constitute, in each case, one continuous operation..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :-
1. Apparatus by means of which hoops (or a hoop) may be fixed inside a taper
metal tube at one continuous operation, substantially as described for the purpose set forth.
2. Apparatus by means of which a band or apron (or more than one) may be fixed
outside a taper metal tube, at one continuous operation, substantially as described, for
the purpose set forth.
3. For the purpose of fixing hoops inside a taper metal tube, a mandril fitted with
stops or shoulders at different positions in the length thereof corresponding to the
desired relative positions of the hoops within the tube, substantially as described.
4. For the purpose of fixing hoops inside a taper metal tube, a mandril fitted with
collapsible stops, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.
5. For the purpose of fixing hoops inside a taper metal tube, a mandril fitted with
stops or shoulders at different positions in the length thereof corresponding to the
desired relative positions of the hoops within the tube, each stop or shoulder being
formed of a set of projections around the mandril one of which is hinged or arranged

page_text: so as to make with the others a collapsible stop or shoulder, substantially as described
for the purposes set forth.
6. For the purpose of fixing hoops inside a taper metal tube, a mandril fitted with
collapsible stops, so arranged that the hoops are carried excentrically to the mandril
for the purpose of allowing a maximum collapsibility of the stops, substantially as
described.
7. In combination with a mandril and stops or shoulders (or a stop or shoulder)
thereon, substantially as described, the means by which the same is operated to fix the
hoops (or a hoop) at one continuous operation, substantially as described for the
purpose sot forth."
8. In combination with the screwed bar F¹ and means by which the same is actuated
by power mechanism, the winch handle Q¹ on the outer end thereof, for the purpose
described.
9. The mandril D supported upon a travelling carriage A, substantially as described
for the purpose set forth.
10. In combination with a moving head of a machine for fixing a band or apron
(or more than one) outside a taper metal tube, the means by which the same is operated
to fix the band (or bands) at one continuous operation, substantially as described, for
the purpose set forth.
11. In apparatus by means of which hoops (or a hoop) may be fixed inside a taper
metal tube, and also in apparatus by means of which a band or apron (or more than
one) may be fixed outside a taper metal tube, the combination of a screwed bar F¹,
spur wheel G, spur pinion J, pulleys H and H' (driven in opposite directions of
rotation) and means by which the pulleys may be alternately put into gear with the
spindle carrying the pinion J, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.
12. The means by which the machines hereinabove described may be automatically
thrown into backward gear upon completion of their forward stroke, and out of gear
upon completion of their backward stroke, substantially as described for the purpose
set forth.
13. In machines for the purposes hereinabove described, the combination of a
clutch J, lever K', toggle joint M, spring K and lever L, operating substantially as
described, for the purpose set forthi.
14. In machines for the purposes hereinabove described, the combination of a lever L
with a vertical lever N, and means by which such latter lever is operated on the
completion of the outward stroke of the machines, substantially as described, for the
purpose set forth.
15. In machines for the purposes hereinabove described, a lever N' operated
substantially in the manner described, respectively, for each machine, for the purpose
of throwing the machines out of gear on the completion of the backward stroke,
substantially as described.
16. The levers ff (figures 3 and 4) substantially as described, for the purpose set
forth.
17. The tongs (figures 7, 8 and 9) in combination with the screw by which
they are tightened around the tube, substantially as described for the purpose set
forth.
18. The general construction and combination of parts, forming the machines
hereinabove described, substantially as described, for the purposes set forth.