IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Goulding, of 17, Margaret's Street, Leicester,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS."
Sealed the 2nd June 1863, and dated the 11th December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Goulding at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
December 1862.
I, WILLIAM GOULDING, of 17, Margaret's Street, Leicester, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ploughs. For these
purposes the land side of the body of a plough in place of being upright, or as
nearly so as may be in respect to the sole of a plough, is formed in such
manner as to incline from the sole over towards the furrow side of the plough,
and the beam where it is fastened to the body in place of being directly over
the land edge of the sole comes more over towards the furrow side edge of the
sole of a plough, by which the plough will be in a better state of balance and
equilibrium than heretofore. The beam, whether of wood, iron, or steel, is
made straight, and it is preferred when using wrought iron or steel to have
the beam tubular or hollow. The iron or steel handles are, where they join
the hollow beam, bent into a similar curvature to that of the beam, and at the
outer ends of the metal parts of the handles the wood handles are fixed by
means of-two screw bolts and nuts to each handle, by which a wood handle

page_text: may be readily removed and another fixed in its place. The coulter is set to
a similar incline from the beam to that of the land side of the body of the
plough, so that the land will be undercut by the coulter and by the share of
the plough, so as to correspond with the inclination given to the land side of
the body of the plough. The coulter is fixed and adjusted in a socket, which
is capable of being rotated on an axis by a curved projection and cam. The
coulter socket is made capable of adjustment to set the point of the coulter
up or down, whilst it is further capable of adjustment to and from the beam
by a wedge. Under the fore end of the beam a bar is applied transversely to
the beam, and such bar is made capable of being slid to and from the furrow
side of the beam, and when adjusted in the eye of a screw bolt, it is made
fast to the beam by means of the screw bolt and nut. Through the end at the
land side of the bar an upright is passed, which is capable of being adjusted
up and down; at the lower end of this upright is an axis for the furrow side
wheel. The land side wheel, when used, turns on axes carried by an upright
which is passed through, and is adjusted in a projection fixed to the beam of
the plough. In constructing wheels for ploughs the nave is made of a cast
plate, with a flange all round on one side; there is also a hole in the middle
for the passage of a hollow cast box, which has a collar or flange, which fits
into the recess in the nave, and is fixed by screws and nuts in the hollow nave.
The axle is preferred to be cast and hollow, and to have a screw bolt through
it in order to its being fixed by a nut. In forming a scraper for a wheel of a
plough, a plate is used on a stem, so that when one part is worn another part
may be brought into position, and when both parts are worn the stem and
blade may be replaced readily by the removal of one bolt and nut.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Goulding in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th June 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
GOULDING, of 17, Margaret's Street, Leicester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Goulding, Her special licence that I, the said William
Goulding, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the

page_text: said William Goulding, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Goulding, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Goulding, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ploughs. For these
purposes the land side of the body of a plough in place of being upright, or as
nearly so as may be in respect to the sole of a plough, is formed in such
manner as to incline from the sole over towards the furrow side of the plough,
and the beam where it is fastened to the body in place of being directly over
the land edge of the sole comes more over towards the furrow side edge of the
sole of a plough, by which the plough will be in a better state of balance and
equilibrium than heretofore.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will now proceed to
describe more fully the manner in which I prefer to carry the same into effect,
reference being made to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view, Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3 an end view of a
portion of a plough constructed according to my Invention; Figures 4, 5,
and 6 show some of the parts thereof separately. a is the body or frame of.
the plough, which is fixed to the beam 6, and has 'secured to it the mould
board, the slipe with the sole, and also the share, as is usual, but instead of
being upright in relation to the sole, as usual, it inclines over from the sole
towards the "furrow side" of the plough. The beam b instead of being
directly over the land edge of the sole is brought more towards the furrow,
side, by which means a better balance and equilibrium is obtained in working

page_text: than heretofore. c is the share, which fits on the nose of the frame or body
of the plough; and c¹ is a hooked rod or bolt, which passes into a hole c² in
the share, and thence back into an opening formed to receive it in the
projection a¹ of the frame, where it is tightened up by a nut c³; the projection a
is also provided with a hole at a² to receive a bolt for securing the hind part of
the mould board. a³ is a hole in the frame or body a of the plough, for
receiving the bolt which secures the forward part of the mould board.
In the arrangement shown the sole and slipe are cast together, as is shown
at Figures 4; this piece is connected to the body or frame by two bolts, one
passing through the hole a', and serving as a centre or axis, and the other
passing through the slotted hole a³; and this second bolt has an excentric
upon it, which bears upon the projection a, so that by turning this excentric
round (when the nuts are slacked) the inclination of the sole can be varied.
Figures 5 shew a piece bolted to the body or frame by a bolt passing through
the hole a; this piece forms a continuation of the slipe.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Goulding, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
WILLIAM GOULDING. (L.S.)