An Improved Device for. Applying Oil to the Surface of the Sea or the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1894-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Device for. Applying Oil to the Surface of the Sea
or the like.
I, JULIUS BEHRMANN, of Blankenese, near Hamburg, in the Empire of
Germany, Pilot, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in a device intended to be used for applying oil to the
surface of the sea or other body of water, the said device being in effect an
oil-cartridge intended to be used so as to enable persons by spreading the contents
of such cartridge upon the sea to calm the waves at greater distances from the ship
than heretofore.
For this purpose the cartridge is placed in a caunon or suitable fire-arm and fired
to the desired distance into the sea whereby also owing to the shock upon the
cartridge by the firing, the valves, preventing the exit of the oil-charge are
released so that failure to discharge the oil is rendered impossible.
This invention is shown in the annexed drawing, in which
Fig. 1 is an exterior view of the cartridge.
Fig. 2 cross section on the linear of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 longitudinal section through the cartridge.
Fig. 4 cross section on the line y y of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 longitudinal section, representing the cartridge with its valves opened by
the shot and Fig. 6 the cartridge in the water.
This cartridge substantially consists of a cylindrical vessel a domed in front and
provided with an orifice o for introducing the oil, and of a float b, which latter in
the present case is made of cork. A further essential constituent of the cartridge
is a valve-rod c by which the valves controlling the exit of oil and entrance of
water are set in connection with each other and with the float. These valves
consist of pins i loosely connected to the rod c and adapted to be inserted in
openings, which latter are arranged in recesses of the vessel a. These recesses
or hollows are all around the pins i filled up with lime and then painted over with
gypsum so that a hardened substance resistable to a certain degree is generated,
which completely closes the openings i.
When the shot is fired, the valve-rod is driven forwards by the impact and the
pins are forced out of the bores i', as shown in Fig. 5.
i
In order to prevent the valves from becoming released involuntarily, the rod
may be stopped (held in position) by means of a wedge m (see Figs. 1 and 3)
which is drawn out before firing the cartridge into the sea.
The float b, fixed on the valve-rod c, is pressed outwards by means of a spring n.
In the position of use, that is during the moment when the oil spreads out, the
float holds the cartridge in a vertical position (see Fig. 6) and, owing to its
arrangement above the oil-exit-orifices, prevents any foreign matter from entering
and stopping up the latter.
The water entering the lower orifices in the direction of the arrows (Fig. 6)
expels the oil through the upper orifices, as indicated in the drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
An oil-cartridge, consisting of an oil vessel (a) in connection with a float in
which vessel and float a sliding valve-rod (c) is enclosed, which on firing the shot

page_text: is moved so as to release the oil-exit and water-entrance valves, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 27th day of June 1894.
R. HADDAN,
Of the firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicant.