Improvements in Ventilators.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Aug., 1891-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
I, JOHN DUNCAN GRAY THOMPSON, of the firm of Baird, Thompson & Co.,
Consulting and Ventilating Engineers, 24 Bath Street Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Scotland do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
-
This said invention comprises certain improvements in the construction or com-
bination of the parts of ventilating cowls, designed to provide for the ventilation
of buildings, ships, railway carriages, drains and sewers, by the extraction of the
vitiated air or foul gases therefrom, the head or body of the ventilator, being so
arranged that no external air, rain, snow or sleet, can pass through the inner plates
or guards to the interior. By the arrangement of the outer guards of the ventilator,
which consist of four concave plates placed in a circle, at equal distance, from each
other, the wind currents are deflected into two or more openings, between them
upon one or more of four slightly curved angle plates, by which they are divided
and carried round inside the outer guards, over convex deflecting plates numbering
eight or more in all, and on to other slightly curved angle plates, numbering four
or more in all, and forced out through the opening between the outer guard plates
on the opposite side.
A pipe fitted to the interior of the body of the ventilator communicates with the
building or compartment to be ventilated, in which the vitiated air or foul gases,
are drawn up, and through the apertures, between the deflecting guard.plates, and
expelled through open spaces between the outer guard plates by the action of the
air currents, producing a vacuum in the interior of the ventilator.
Dated this 29th day of November 1890).
JOHN DUNCAN GRAY THOMPSON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
I, JOHN DUNCAN GRAY THOMPSON, of the firm of Baird, Thompson and
Company, Consulting and Ventilating Engineers, 24 Bath Street, Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, Scotland, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, that is to say :—
This said invention comprises certain improvements in the construction or com-
bination of the parts of ventilating cowls, designed to provide for the ventilation
of buildings, ships, railway carriages, drains and sewers, by the extraction of the
vitiated air or foul gases therefrom, the head or body of the ventilator being so
arranged that no external air, rain, snow, or sleet, can pass through the inner plates
or guards to the interior.
By the arrangement of the outer guards of the ventilator, which consist of four
concave plates placed in a circle at equal distance from each other, the wind
currents are deflected into two or more openings between them upon one or more of
four slightly curved angle plates, by which they are divided and carried round
inside the outer guards over convex deflecting plates numbering eight or more in all,
and on to other slightly curved angle plates numbering four or more in all, and
forced out through the opening between the outer guard plates on opposite side.
A pipe fitted to the interior of the body of the ventilator communicates with the
building or compartment to be ventilated, in which the vitiated air or foul gases are
D

page_text: ";
drawn up, and through the apertures between deflecting guard plates and expelled
hrough open spaces between the outer guard plates by the action of the air
currents, producing a vacuum in the interior of the ventilator.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings in which Figure 1 represents a sectional
plan view, and Figure 2 a sectional elevation as taken on the line 1-1 Figure 1, of
a ventilating cowl, as constructed in accordance with one arrangement of my
improvements. In these drawings the arrows indicate the directions of motion of
"the currents of fresh or outer air, and the darts indicate the travel of the foul or
vitiated air through the cowl from the apartments or interior of the buildings or
other places over which it is situated.
•
Referring to these drawings:-The improved ventilating cowl is formed with a
central pipe or duct tube A with a canopy or hood A' at its upper part for being
placed and secured over the ventilating shaft or building on which it is to act.
Over the upper surface A" of this hood part A' are soldered or secured four
segmental circular guard plates a at equal distances from each other, having their
inner concave surfaces next the interior of the cowl. In each of the open spaces B,
between the segmental plates a are fitted V-shaped angled or curved duplex
deflecting plates a' with their combining ends a", some distance in from the circular
line of the plates a, and in the centre between them. Corresponding but smaller
duplex curved or angled plates a² are fitted opposite the outer concave plates a,
between these and the line of the outer edge of the central uptake pipe A, the
meeting ends of these plates a², being opposite the centre of the plates a.
Between
each of the plates a¹, and the plates a² are fitted one or more angled or curved
single baffle or louvre plates a³, there being eight of these shown round the circle
of the cowl. An inverted conoidal annular hood or head piece C is soldered or
secured over the top of all these vertical plates a to a³.
The action of the improved ventilating cowl is as follows:-Suppose the wind
current to be blowing in the direction indicated by the arrow 6 in Figure 1, the
air current will impinge on the plates a¹ at their centre edge a", and be divided and
deflected through the spaces 1 between the plates a², and a, as indicated by the
arrows b², and pass out through the open spaces B, as indicated by the arrows 61, 611.
By the lateral action of these induced air or wind currents a partial vacuum or
uptake draught will be produced in the central pipe or duct A, and the vitiated air
or foul gases will be drawn up this pipe, as indicated by the darts c, and pass
through the spaces between the plates a¹ a³, and a³ a², and be expelled through the
open spaces B, between the guard plates a, as indicated by the arrows 61, 61, and
by this means perfect ventilation will be ensured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The construction or arrangement and combination of the parts of
ventilators, or ventilating cowls, with outer guard plates and inner air current
dividing and deflecting plates, substantially as and in the manner herein described,
in reference to and by way of application shown in the accompanying drawings.
Second. In ventilators, cr ventilating cowls, the combination comprising outer
guard or equivalent plates a, and inner guard and air deflecting duplex plates a¹ a³,
with one or more baffle or louvre plates a³ between these, substantially as and for
the purposes herein described, in reference to and by way of application shown in
the accompanying drawings.
Third. In ventilators, or ventilating cowls, the combination comprising outer
guard or equivalent plates a, and inner guard and air deflecting and dividing duplex
plates a¹, and one or more baffle or louvre plates a³, substantially as and for the
purposes herein described, in reference to and by way of application shown in the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: Fourth. In ventilators or ventilating cowls the combination comprising duplex
and single air deflecting and dividing plates a, a, a³, substantially as and for the
purposes herein described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 19th August 1891
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.