IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING CIRCULAR SAWS AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward M°Nally, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING CIRCULAR SAWS AND OTHER
ARTICLES."
Sealed the 11th January 1867, and dated the 11th July 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward McNally at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
July 1866.
I, EDWARD MONALLY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING CIRCULAR SAWS AND
OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, first, to apparatus for grinding and polishing such
articles as circular or disc saws; and, secondly, to apparatus for grinding and
polishing metallic articles, such as file blanks and similar flat surfaces.
The improvements consist, first, in the use of two grindstones or wheels
mounted in a line with each other and in bearings, as herein-after described.
and may be adjusted to and from each other by right and left handed screws;
the circular saw or disc to be ground is mounted on and revolves with a shaft
of a semicircular form, which is supported at right angles to the axes of the
grindstones in a frame, which receives a reciprocating motion by means of a
screw shaft and cams, so that the circular saw as it rotates is constantly

page_text: passing to and fro between the grindstones, the rotation of the saw being
effected by the pressure and friction of an india-rubber wheel revolving in
contact with the periphery of the saw.
The second part of the Invention consists in the novel employment and use
of yielding bearings in which the ordinary grindstones or polishing wheels are
to be mounted; the bearings or bushes are fitted to support the shafts as
usual, and are then enclosed in an outer pedestal, a space being left on one
side between the bush and pedestal which contains india-rubber or springs,
compressed air, water, or other yielding packing, so that when any extra or
yndue lateral pressure is exerted on the grindstone its bearings yield thereto.
In grinding such articles as file blanks I employ vertical frames, having a
vertical reciprocating motion imparted to them (by means of screws and cams
or mangle rack), such frames being fitted with a chamber or chambers con-
taining compressed air or liquid, the outer surface of the chamber forming a
bed or support for the blanks, and is made thin and flexible, so as to form a
yielding support for the blanks when presented to the grindstone, whereby the
pressure is equalized; and the same object may be accomplished by the use of
conical or wedge shaped bars fitting side by side, and acting or sliding against
each other in such a manner as to effect a yielding surface. In order to
regulate and decide the amount of the pressure of the blanks against the
grindstones, I employ an arrangement of levers in connection with a weight
which presses on the back of the aforesaid frame, and by this means the form
of the article can be followed, and it can be ground in the same form as
originally forged.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward McNally in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
January 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
MCNALLY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward MºNallly, Her special license that I, the said Edward McNally,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward

page_text: McNally, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING CIRCULAR SAWS AND
OTHER ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward McNally, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manuer
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward M°Nally, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):—
My Invention relates, first, to apparatus for grinding or polishing such
articles as circular or disc saws; and, secondly, to apparatus for grinding and
polishing metallic articles, such as file blanks and similar flat surfaces.
The improvements consist, first, in the use of two grindstones or wheels
mounted in a line with each other and in bearings, as above described, and
may be adjusted to and from each other by right and left handed screws; the
circular saw or disc to be ground is mounted on and revolves with a shaft of
a semicircular form, which is supported at right angles to the axis of the
grindstones in a frame which receives a reciprocating motion by means of a
screw shaft and cams, so that the circular saw as it rotates is constantly
passing to and fro between the grindstones, the rotation of the saw being
effected by the pressure and friction of an india-rubber or other disc or wheel
revolving in contact with the periphery of the saw.
The second part of the Invention consists in the novel employment and use
of yielding bearings in which the ordinary grindstones or polishing wheels are
to be mounted; the bearings or bushes are fitted to support the shafts as
usual, and are then enclosed in an outer pedestal, a space being left on one
side between the bush and pedestal which contains india-rubber or springs,
compressed air, water, or other yielding packing, so that when any extra or
undue lateral pressure is exerted on the grindstone its bearings yield thereto.
In grinding such articles as file blanks I employ vertical frames having a
vertical reciprocating motion imparted to them (by means of screws and cams

page_text: or mangle rack, or equivalent mechanism), such frames being fitted with a
chamber or chambers containing compressed air or other liquid, the outer surface
of the chamber forming a bed or support for the blanks, and is made thin and
flexible, so as to form a yielding support for the blanks when presented to the
grindstone, whereby the pressure is equalized; and the same object may be
accomplished by the use of conical or wedge shaped bars fitting side by side,
and acting or sliding against each other in such a manner as to produce a
self-adjusting or compensating surface. In order to regulate and decide the
amount of the pressure of the blanks against the grindstones, I employ an
arrangement of levers in connection with a weight which presses on the back
of the aforesaid frame, and by this means the form of the article can be
followed, and it can be ground in the same form as originally forged, the
grinding pressure being thus made uniform.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made of about one inch
and a half to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked upon corre-
sponding parts of the apparatus.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of the apparatus designed for grinding
and polishing metallic articles, and is here shewn as adapted to grind file
blanks; Fig. 2 represents an end view of the same; and Fig. 3 is a transverse
sectional view of the bed supporting the file blauks, and containing a series of
triangular bars which yield to the pressure of the grinding wheel, so as to
allow or compensate for the uneven surface of the file blanks; and Fig. 4
represents a plan view of the apparatus for grinding and polishing circular
saws.
In Fig. 1 a, a, is the framing of the apparatus in which the shafts of the
grindstones or polishing wheels are mounted in yielding bearings, such
bearings consisting of an internal bush 6 encircling the shaft which is enclosed
in an external pedestal c, and between the two a thickness of india-rubber d,
metallic spring, springs, or other yielding equivalents are placed as packing to
equalize any undue strain or pressure on the grindstone shaft. The file
blanks e, e, are secured upon the surface of the vertical frames f, f, containing
the self-adjusting bed or foundation bars 9, 9, 9, and to such frame a vertical
reciprocating motion is imparted by means of the grooved disc h or crank and
connecting rod i, and the surface of the file blanks are retained and pressed
against the revolving grindstone k by means of the weighted lever and
bowls 1, 1, acting on the back of the frame, and the position of the bearings of
the grindstone is adjusted by means of the screws and handle wheels m, m.
In Fig. 4 n, n, are the grinding stones mounted in adjustable bearings o, o,

page_text: that are caused simultaneously to advance and recede from each other by
means of the right and left handed screws p, p, and mitre gearing 9, q, the
circular saw under the operation of grinding is placed in the bearings r, r,
supported upon the sliding beds; the pin upon which the saw revolves is
flattened upon the side nearest the stones, in order that the saw may be
ground up to its centre; the saw is caused to revolve by means of the
revolving disc t driven by the pulley u, this disc is caused to press against the
saw in such a manner that when in action the saw will revolve, so that every
portion of its surface will be presented to the grinding action of the stones;
this driving disc t is mounted in bearings that are in connection with the saw
bearings s, s, and are caused to advance and to recede from the grinding stone by
means of the screws v, v, and gearing w, thus constantly inserting and-with-
drawing the saw between the peripheries of the grinding stones.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim,-
First, the novel construction of yielding bearings applied to the grindstone
or polishing wheel shafts.
Secondly, the application and use of any arrangement or description of
levers for maintaining a constant and uniform pressure and contact between
grindstones and articles to be ground.
Thirdly, the novel construction of the self-adjusting and compensating bed
enclosed in the frame for holding file blanks or other articles to obtain a yielding
surface, and also the general construction, arrangement, and combination of
the mechanism for grinding and polishing file blanks and other articles.
And, lastly, I claim the general construction, combination, and arrangement
of machinery to be employed for grinding circular saws, as herein-before
described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward M'Nally, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.