IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MECHANISM FOR CUTTING, PARING, AND DRESSING LINSEED CAKE AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Back Lawther, of the City of Chicago, in the State
of Illinois, United States of America, but at present of the North Western
Hotel, Lime Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Seed Crusher, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MECHANISM FOR CUTTING,
PARING, AND DRESSING LINSEED CAKE AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Back Lawther at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1876.
ALFRED BACK LAWTHER, of the City of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, United
States of America, but at present of the North Western Hotel, Lime Street, Liver-
pool, in the County of Lancaster, Seed Crusher. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
OR MECHANISM FOR CUTTING, PARING, AND DRESSING LINSEED CAKE AND OTHER
LIKE SUBSTANCES."
My Invention relates to apparatus for cutting and dressing the edges of linseed
cake and other like substances, and consists of a novel form and combination of
mechanism whereby the cake is made to travel on a table past rotary cutters' which
operate on and dress the ends of the cake. The cake is then made to travel laterally
on the same table so as to pass cutters which dress the sides of the said cake.
In carrying out my Invention I use a table of L shape. The front or first part
of the table is provided with a partition or barrier, behind which the cakes to be
treated are piled. This barrier is so arranged as to permit the cakes to pass one at
a time underneath the said barrier, and be drawn along the table by means of an
endless chain or band working in a groove or grooves on the face of the table, and
provided with a claw or claws, or a lug or lugs, so arranged as to catch each cake
in succession, and draw it along the face of the table as the chain or band travels
round.
The table is provided with rotary or other suitable cutters, which operate upon
the edges of the cake as the cake is drawn along the face of the table by the endless
chains or bands. The table is also provided with spring guides for adjusting the
relative position of the cake in regard to the cutters. The cutters are provided
with a suitable regulating medium, being a screw, spring, or their equivalent for
adjusting the cut. There is also provided on the table or on the chain guides
which serve to guide the cutters and give a sweep or contour to the ends of the
cake, or an eccentric, cam, or screw motion may be used to regulate the cutters for
the same object.

page_text: The second part or foot of the table is provided with a similar mechanism, being
an endless chain, guides, and cutters working laterally to the first chains and
cutters, and so arranged that the first chains and cutters after treating, say, the ends
of the cake, deliver the cake on to the second or laterally travelling chain, which
draws it through the second cutters, which treat, say, the side. edges of the cake,
after which the cake passes through the rotating brushes and is carried away on an
endless band or otherwise.
The mechanism is driven by any suitable arrangement of pulleys, toothed wheels,
or their equivalent. By preference I use rotary cutters driven at a quick speed,
while the endless chain draws the cake past the cutters at a comparatively slow
speed. The cutters may be carried on swinging frames, or they may work in guides
and be held against the cake by knuckle joint or other known arrangement.
A modification of the endless chain arrangement for drawing the cakes past the
cutters may consist in the use of a sliding rod and claw worked by a crank or its
equivalent.
In practice I prefer the cake should be drawn in the first instance sideways past
the cutters by two endless chains, thus dressing the ends of the cake. The cake is
then delivered over a third endless chain, which draws the cake laterally past the
second cutters, thus dressing the sides of the cake, but this exact arrangement is
capable of modification.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Alfred Back Lawther in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th June
1876.
ALFRED BACK LAWTHER, of the City of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, United
States of America, but at present of the North Western Hotel, Lime Street, Liver-
pool, in the County of Lancaster, Seed Crusher. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
OR MECHANISM FOR CUTTING, PARING, AND DRESSING LINSEED CAKE AND OTHER
LIKE SUBSTANCES."
My Invention relates to apparatus for cutting and dressing the edges, being the
sides and ends of linseed cake and other like substances, and consists of a novel
form and combination of mechanism, whereby the cake is made to travel on a table
past rotary cutters, which operate on and dress the ends of the cake. The cake is
then made to travel laterally on the saine table, as to pass cutters which dress
the sides of the said cake.
In carrying out my Invention I use a table of L shape. The front or first part
of the table is provided with a partition or barrier, behind which the cakes to be
treated are piled. This barrier is so arranged as to permit the cakes to pass one at
a time underneath the said barrier, and be drawn along the table by means of an
endless chain or band working in a groove or grooves on the face of the table, and
provided with a claw or claws, or a lug or lugs, so arranged as to catch each cake
in succession, and draw it along the face of the table as the chain or band travels
round.
The table is provided with rotary or other suitable cutters, which operate upon
the edges of the cake as the cake is drawn along the face of the table by the endless
chains or bands. The table is also provided with spring guides for adjusting the
.relative position of the cake in regard to the cutters. The cutters are provided
with a suitable regulating medium, being a screw, spring, or their equivalent, for
adjusting the cut. There is also provided on the table or on the chain guides,
which serve to guide the cutters, and give a sweep or contour to the ends of the
cake, or an eccentric, cam, or screw motion may be used to regulate the cutters for
the same object.
The second part or foot of the table is provided with a similar mechanism, being
an endless chain, guides, and cutters working laterally to the first chains and

page_text: cutters, and so arranged that the first chains and cutters after treating, say, the
ends of the cake deliver the cake on to the second or laterally travelling chain,
which draws it through the second cutters, which treat, say, the side edges of the
cake, after which the cake passes through rotating brushes, and is carried away on
an endless band or otherwise.
The mechanism is driven by any suitable arrangement of pulleys, toothed wheels,
or their equivalent. By preference I use rotary cutters driven at a quick speed,
while the endless chain draws the cake past the cutters at a comparatively slow
speed. The cutters may be carried on swinging frames, or they may work in
guides, and be held against the cake by a knuckle joint or other known
arrangement.
A modification of the endless chain arrangement for drawing the cakes past the
cutters may consist in the use of a sliding rod and claw worked by a crank or its
equivalent.
The before-going being the nature, object, and purposes of my Invention I will
now proceed to describe more in detail how the same may be carried out into
practical effect, and for that purpose I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings
marked with letters and figures of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation, and sufficient to enable any practical person to carry my
Invention into operation. Like letters and figures marked on the Drawings are
used to denote similar parts throughout the various views.
Figure 1 is a plan of an apparatus constructed according to my Invention;
Figure 2 is a section through A, B, Figure 1; Figure 3 is a section through C, D,
Figure 1.
Upon reference it will be seen that A is a table, the front or first part of which
is formed with a partition or barrier B, having an aperture at the bottom C; D are:
the cakes to be treated; they are placed or piled behind the barrier B, and so
arranged that they can pass one at a time underneath the barrier through the
aperture C, and be drawn along the table A. by means of the endless chains E
working in a groove on the face of the table, and provided with a claw or claws, or
a lug or lugs F, so arranged as to catch each cake D in succession, and draw it
along the face of the table as the chains or bands E travel round.
The table A is provided with rotary or other suitable cutters G, G¹, and H, H¹.
The cutters G, G¹, operate upon the edges of the cake D as the cake is drawn along
the face of the table by the endless chains or bands E. The table may be provided
with spring guides for adjusting the relative position of the cake D in regard to
the cutters E, or, as shown in the Drawings, the cakes D may be made to butt up
against the barrier I. The cutters G, G₁, are provided with a suitable regulating
medium, being a screw, spring, or their equivalent, or an eccentric working a
combination of levers, as shown at K, may be used, or a screw motion may be used
having the same object, which is to guide the cutters G, G¹, and regulate their
travel, so as to give a sweep or contour to the ends of the cake, as at D1, D2. After
the cake has been treated by the cutters G, G¹, it is delivered on to the transverse
endless chain L, the cake being shown in dotted lines. The endless chain L moves
the cake transversely on the table A, so that the edges D3, D4, of the cake are
operated upon by the cutters H, H¹. 'After passing the cutters H, H, the cake is
treated by passing through rotary brushes M, N, after which it may be carried
away on an endless band or otherwise.
The mechanism is driven by any suitable arrangement of pulleys, toothed wheels,
or their equivalent.
By preference I use the rotary cutters G, G¹, H, H³, driven at a quick speed,
while the endless chains E and L draw the cake past the cutters C, G, H, H, at a
comparatively slow speed.
A modification of the arrangement of the cutters G, G, H, H', may consist in
carrying them on swinging frames, or they may work in guides, and be held against
the cake by a knuckle joint or other known arrangement.
A modification of the endless chain arrangement for drawing the cakes past the

page_text: cutters G, G¹, H, H', may consist in the use of a sliding rod and claw worked by a
crank or its equivalent.
In practice I prefer that the cake should be drawn in the first instâncé sideways
past the cutters by two endless chains, thus dressing the ends of the cake. The
cake is then delivered over a third endless chain, which draws the cake laterally
past the second cutters, thus dressing the sides of the cake, but this exact arrange-
ment is capable of modification.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature, object, and purposes of
my Invention, and shown how the same may be carried out into practical operation,
I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details,
dimensions, or arrangement of apparatus, as shown in the Drawings, as the same
may be considerably varied without departing from my Invention but what I claim
as my Invention and secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid is,―
Firstly. In a machine for cutting, paring, and dressing linseed cake and other
like substances the use and application of rotary cutters, such as G, G, H, H,
arranged substantially as shown in the Drawings for the purpose specified.
Secondly. The use and application of the double system of endless chain, such as
E, L, arranged substantially as shown in the Drawings for the purposes specified.
Thirdly. The use and application of the rotary brushes, such as M, N, arranged
substantially as shown in the Drawings for the purposes specified.
Fourthly. The machine for cutting, paring, and dressing linseed cake and other
Jike substances herein described, and such as shown in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, comprising the table A with the barrier B, in combination with the
endless chains, such as E and L, the cutters, such as G, G, H, H¹, and the brushes
such as M, N, all arranged in relation to each other, as shown and for the purposes
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Back Lawther, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
ALFRED BACK (L.S.) LAWTHER.