Improvements in or appertaining to Oil-presses.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 4th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or appertaining to Oil-presses.
I, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND M. Inst. M.E., of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the
County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick and
31, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention (which has been communicated to me by Köbers Eisenwerke
of Harburg, near Hamburg, in the Empire of Germany) to be as follows:-
Earthenware presses used for the preparation of rape seed and the like in the
manufacture of oil are in existence with the press heads movable round a column;
it is also known that oil presses have been built in which the heater is mounted on
the top of the press; expression apparatus are also no longer new which are applied
to the upper part of the chief press, and in which the used head is withdrawn, by
means of hand or a windlass, cut of the press under the expression apparatus.
The present invention consists in the peculiar combination of an oil-press with
movable heads, heater, filling hopper, and a preliminary and expression apparatus.
In the case of a three column hydraulic press there would be two press heads movable
round a column, whilst the one head is being pressed, the other is directly under a
filling hopper arranged, either movably or adjustably, under the press head. The
following parts will then be in the same axis, namely, the preliminary pressing
apparatus, the filling hopper, the one head and the expression apparatus, whilst the
press, the other head, and the heater will lie in another axis.
It will be understood that the arrangement for oil-presses having more than three
columns will be similar.
In order to make oil-presses on the top press system give a greater yield, the same
can be provided with, as has already been mentioned, hydraulic preliminary pressing
apparatus (compresses, pack presses which compress the seed in the press head, and
this can then consequently receive a larger quantity of seed. In the present
invention this pressure apparatus has been formed in the oil-press itself, which
already expresses a large part of the oil contained in the seed before the expression
under high pressure takes place in a second press with the larger plunger. As in the
case of large plant having as a rule accumulators of two different pressures (about
50-70 and 300-350 atms, low and high pressure,) so the pressure exerted on the seed
by the first plunger under high pressure corresponds somewhat to that by the lower
pressure of the large plunger of the second press. By this arrangement the seed
may be left a shorter while under the large press and yet the same effect be obtained
as hitherto. For instance, if a charge of thirty minutes be worked, the duration of the
low pressure on the seed will be about thirty minutes, after deducting the necessary
time for filling, emptying, etcetera, the duration of the high pressure is also thirty
minutes. If the combination is such that two subsequent pressings follow on a
preliminary pressing, then the time of the low pressure fifteen minutes, and that of
the high pre-sure thirty minutes, and so on.
There is always this characteristic in this arrangement, that is, that the seed does
not leave the press head between the high and low pressure apparatus, but rather as
soon as the low pressed oil is held under the first press it is immediately transported
under the second press for further expression, and it is a matter of indifference
whether the transport be effected by means of a waggon rolling on a track, through
swinging the press filter round a column of the press, or in any other manner.

page_text: Hitherto the intermediate plates which enclose the individual oil cakes in round or
rectangular press heads were simply round or rectangular wrought iron plates. It is
only in the so-called Anglo-American presses that rectangular plates have been used
which were welded or arched in their longitudinal direction, but in their cross direction
were stronger at both edges than in their centre.
The press is an open one and has the arch of the plates so as to prevent the seed
from coming out sideways.
In closed presses the walls of the press-filter take up the side pressure. In order
to prevent this or considerably minimise the side pressure in the present invention,
side plates are used which are stronger at the edges than in the middle. The plates
may be welded or arched above or-be-otherwise formed, the essential part being
that the enclosing edges always form the strongest part.
Dated this 15th day of July 1895.
A communication by KÖBERS EISENWERKE, of Harburg, near Hamburg, in the
Empire of Germany.
I, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND, M. Inst. M.E., of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street, Manchester both in the
County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham in the County of Warwick and
322, High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly desoribed and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Pot presses used for the preparation of rape seed and the like in the manufacturé
of oil are in existence with the press pots movable round a column; it is also
known that oil presses have been built in which the heater is mounted on the
top of the press; pressing apparatuses are also no longer new which are arranged
on the upper part of the main press, and in which the used pot is withdrawn by
hand, or by means of a windlass, out of the press under the expressing apparatus.
The present invention consists in the peculiar combination of an oil-press with
movable pots, heater, filling hopper, and a preliminary extracting and final
expression apparatus.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is an elevation of a three column
hydraulic oil press. This has two press pots t¹ and 2 movable round a column s,
whilst the one pot t¹ is being pressed down, the other 2 is directly under a
filling hopper arranged so as to bo revoluble or adjustable on f of the press
head h. The following parts will then be in the same axis, namely, the preliminary
pressing apparatus a', the filling hopper f, the one pot 2 and the expression
apparatus a, whilst the press p the other pot and the heater w will be in
another axis.
The mode of action of the press is as follows:-
The filling hopper f is moved around its pivot f' so as to come under the
preliminary heating pan w, and is filled from the latter with press material after
which it is again moved over and emptied into the pot 2. The hopper is then
pushed away sideways, and the preliminary pressing apparatus a² set in action.
After being thus pressed in the pot 2 the material again pressed in the opposite
direction by the pressing apparatus a'. During this procedure oil is being pressed
from the material contained in the press-pot t¹ by means of the press p.

page_text: Both pots are now rotated round the columns in such manner that the
pot 2 stands over the press p and inversely the pot under the press a¹.
The pressed cakes are now removed from the pot t2 and the latter is filled with
material by means of the hopper f as aforesaid and then in the manner already:
described the pressing is carried on from above and below by means of the
apparatus a' and a² whilst simultaneously oil is pressed from the preliminary
pressed material contained in the other pot t' by means of the press p and after
this is accomplished the position of the pots is again changed and the work continued.
in the manner already described.
In order to render this oil press more capable of a larger yield the pressing
apparatus a' can be itself used as an oil press (instead of for merely pressing the
seed in the pot) without changing its construction, by simply using the same
(under a correspondingly higher pressure) as a high pressure apparatus, which
presses out the greater part of the oil contained in the seed before the complete
pressing out is accomplished by means of the second press p (low pressure press)
with large plungers. As in the case of large plant having as a rule accumulators
of two different pressures about 50-70 & 300-350 atm. (low and high pressure),
so the pressure exerted on the seed by the first two plungers (a' and a²) under
high pressure corresponds somewhat to that taking place by the lower pressure of
the large plunger (p). By this arrangement, the seed may be left a shorter time
under the large press (p) and yet the same effect be obtained as before. For
instance, if charges be treated for 30 minutes, the duration of the low pressure (p)
on the seed will be about 30 minutes (after deducting the necessary time for
filling, emptying, etcetera) the duration of the high pressure (a¹ a²) is also 30 minutes.
If the combination is such that two subsequent pressings follow one preliminary
pressing, then the time of the low pressure (p) is 15 minutes and that of the
high pressure (a¹ a²) 30 minutes and so on.
There is always this characteristic in this arrangement, that is that the seed
does not leave the press pot between the periods of low and high pressure, but
rather the moment the low pressed oil is expressed under the first press the
material is immediately transported to the second press for further expression, and
it is a matter of indifference whether the transport be effected by means of a
wagon rolling on a track, through swinging the press filter round a column of
the press, or in any other manner.
It will be understood that the arrangement for oil presses having more than
three columns will be similar as shown for instance in diagrammatic plan views
in Figures 2, 3 and 4 which show various forms of construction;
Figures 5 to 10 show intermediate or insertion plates for press pots of such oil
presses.
In closed presses, the walls of the press filter take up the lateral pressure. In
order to prevent this, or considerably minimise the lateral pressure, in the
present invention press plates such as shown in the accompanying drawings are used,
which plates are stronger at all the edges than in the middle.
The plates may be corrugated above, or made of other suitable form, the
essential characteristic however being that all the enclosing edges always form the
strongest part.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is
1. An oil press with revoluble press pots, in combination with a seed heater,
filling or charging hopper, and hydraulic preliminary and final pressing apparatus,
the whole arranged in such a way that on the one hand the axis of the pot (t')
which is to be pressed coincides with the axes of the heater (w) and of the press (p)
whilst on the other band the axis of the other pot (2) coincides with the axes of
the preliminary pressing apparatuses (a¹ and a²) whereby eventually in order to
raise the yield of the press the preliminary pressing apparatuses (a² a²) by merely

page_text: changing the pressure can be used as high pressure and the apparatus p as low
pressure apparatus, the first partly pressing out the oil contained in the press material
while the second finally completes the expression, without rendering it necessary to
remove the material from the press pot between both manipulations substantially as
herein before described.
2. In an oil press of the kind described, press plates having their edges suitably,
strengthened round their entire periphery substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
1
c
11000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.