Iм- PROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Claude Parigot and Antoine Grivel, both of 29,
Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Civil Engineers, for the Invention of "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN LOCKS."
Sealed the 26th June 1863, and dated the 7th February 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Claude Parigot and
Antoine Grivel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th February 1863.
We, CLAUDE PARIGOT and ANTOINE GRIVEL, both of 29, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris, Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to an improved keyless lock, with various combinations,
applicable for all kinds of fastenings. We term this an eccentric lock, the
throw of the bolt being effected by means of eccentrics. This arrangement of
lock offers the following advantages:-1st, it dispenses with the use of a key,
which may be mislaid or lost; 2ndly, it dispenses with springs, and so leaves
the interior of the lock free, which permits of making the bolt much stronger,
while the lock works much easier and is less liable of derangement; 3rdly, its
combinations render the lock unpickable, and these may be multiplied to any
degree by increasing the number of rings on which the principle of the com-
binations is based; 4thly, the lock is hermetically closed, and is thereby kept
clean, may be made cheaply, and will last for a great length of time.
Our Invention is represented in the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 of

page_text: which is a vertical elevation of a lock on line 1, 2, Fig. 3; Fig. 2, a vertical
plan of the lock on line 3, 4, Fig. 3; Fig. 3 represents a plan of the lock on
line 5, 6, Fig. 2; Fig. 4 shows a plan of same with the exterior plate forming
a dial, with the rings for producing the combinations; Fig. 5 shows the arrange-
ment of one of said rings; Fig. 6 shows our improved system of fastening
applied to a padlock; Fig. 7 shows the same principle applied to a bag
lock; Fig. 8, a section of same on line 7, 8, Fig. 7; Fig. 9, a similar section
on line 9, 10, Fig. 7; while Fig. 10 shows another arrangement of lock
without eccentric.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the Figures in
different positions.
a, wood to which the lock is attached; b, box or case of same; c, bolt
forming part of plates d; e, spindle performing the functions of a key;
f, eccentrics fixed on spindle e, between plates d, acting on bolt c by means of
friction rollers g. For this purpose the plates d have openings in the centre in
order than the spindle e shall not prevent the free play of the bolt in either
direction; h, small knife-edged piece mounted on bolt c; i, i, combination
rings placed in the interior of the lock, the number of which may be varied.
according to the number of combinations desired to be obtained; each ring has
a space i, from which it results that when by means of the combinations the
rings present said. spaces, opposite part h, the latter slip into the space, and so
these
allows of movement of the bolt; j,j, concentric sockets fitted on axis e;
sockets are of similar number to rings i, and are respectively and separately
connected thereto; k, k, index hands or pointers of the sockets, which are
equal in number to that of rings i, and are carried respectively by the con-
centric tubes of each of the rings. From the foregoing it will be understood.
that each ring has an independent motion, which is communicated thereto by
the socket and corresponding index hand.
By another arrangement, seen at Fig. 5, the tubes or sockets turn freely,
without acting on rings i, when part h enters in spaces i', that is, when the
lock is open, the connection between the rings and tubes being effected' only
by means of small springs fitted between the several discs forming a com-
bination ring; m, dial fixed to wood a divided into one hundred parts; n, knob
fixed to spindle e, and serving as a substitute for a key enclosing all the
attachments of the index hands with the sockets; said sockets turn indepen-
dently of the rings for producing the combinations, so that the index hands
may be placed at any figure on the dial m, when the door, bag, or padlock is
opened, and when again closed, the three pointers are returned to zero; in order
to open the lock the three index hands should be returned to the three figures

page_text: with which it was locked. The dial m being divided into one hundred parts,
with three rings, will admit one million combinations, while with the addition
of a fourth we could obtain one hundred millions of combinations, and so on..
We may also at the lower end of axis e cause two other bolts to act, one
upwards and the other downwards; this is effected by means of two bent levers,.
one eccentric may also be used instead of two.
Figs. 7, 8, and 9 represent our improved lock as applicable for a trunk or
travelling bag. o, plate of sheet iron or other material, actuated by an
eccentric or otherwise, which plate is furnished with a bolt at each end; p, first
bolt of a T form, taking into the first follower 9; r, second bolt, of ordinary
form, entering second follower 8.
Fig. 10 represents our improved lock without eccentrics. The bolt c slides
in guides t, and is actuated from outside by a button; the stem u of which
passes through the spaces before mentioned in combination rings i.
The chief features of our Invention are,-
First, the improved principle on which the locks are constructed.
Secondly, the application of eccentrics to this description of lock.
Thirdly, the application of a slide as a substitute for the eccentric for,,small
locks, to be applied to trunks, padlocks, travelling bags, and otherwise.
Fourthly, the use of combination rings of variable number.
And, fifthly, the general arrangement of lock as described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Claude Parigot and Antoine Grivel in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th August 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CLAUDE
PARIGOT and ANTOINE GRIVEL, both, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen. Victoria, .by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day: of,, February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Claude Parigot and Antoine, Grivel, Her special licence that -the
we,
said Claude Parigot and Antoine Grivel, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Claude Parigot, and Antoine Grivel,.
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,.
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term

page_text: therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Claude Parigot and Antoine Grivel,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Claude Parigot and Antoine Grivel, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates to an improved keyless lock with various combinations
applicable for all kinds of fastenings. We term this an eccentric lock, the
throw of the bolt being effected by means of eccentrics. This arrangement of
lock offers the following advantages:-1st, it dispenses with the use of a key,
which may be mislaid or lost; 2ndly, it dispenses with springs, and so leaves
the interior of the lock free, which permits of making the bolt much stronger,
while the lock works much easier and is less liable to derangement; 3rdly, its
combinations render the lock unpickable, and these may be multiplied to any
degree by increasing the number of rings on which the principle of the com-
binations is based; 4thly, the lock is hermetically closed, and is thereby kept
clean, may be made cheaply, and will last for a great length of time.
Our Invention is represented in the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 of which
is a vertical elevation of a lock on line 1, 2, Fig. 3; Fig. 2, a vertical elevation
on line 3, 4, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 represents a plan of the lock on line 5, 6, Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows a plan of same with the exterior plate forming a dial enclosing
the rings for producing the combinations; Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of
one of said rings; Fig. 6 shows our improved system of fastening applied
to a padlock; Fig. 7 shows the same principle applied to a bag lock;
Fig. 8, a section of same on line 7, 8, Fig. 7; Fig. 9, a similar section on
line 9, 10, Fig. 7; while Fig. 10 shows another arrangement of lock without
eccentrics.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the Figures
seen in different positions.
a, woodwork to which the lock is attached; b, box or case of same; c, bolt

page_text: forming part of plates d; e, spindle performing the functions of a key;
f, eccentric fixed on spindle e, between plates d, acting on bolt c, by means of
friction rollers g. For this purpose the plates d have openings in the centre,
in order that the spindle e shall not prevent the free play of the bolt in either
direction; h, small knife-edged piece mounted on bolt c; i, i, combination
rings placed in the interior of the lock, the number of which may be varied
according to the number of combinations desired to be obtained; each ring has
a space i, from which it results that when by means of the combinations the
rings present said spaces opposite part h, the latter slips into the space and so
allows of movement of the bolt; j,j, concentric sockets fitted on axis e; these
sockets are of similar number to rings i, and are respectively and separately
connected thereto; k, k, index hands or pointers of the sockets, which are
equal in number to that of rings i, and are carried respectively by the con-
centric tubes of each of the rings. From the foregoing it will be understood
that each ring has an independent motion, which is communicated thereto
by the socket and corresponding index hand.
By another arrangement, seen at Fig. 5, the tubes or sockets j turn freely
without acting on rings i when part h enters in space (that is, when the lock
is open) the connection between the rings and tubes being effected only by
means of small springs / fitted between the several dises forming a combina-
tion ring. m, dial fixed to wood a divided into 100 parts; n, knob fixed to,
spindle l, and serving as a substitute for a key, enclosing all the attachments
of the index hands with the sockets, said sockets turn independently of the
rings for producing the combinations, so that the index hands may be placed
at any figure on the dial m when the door, bag, or padlock is opened, and
when again closed the three pointers are returned to zero, in order to open the
lock, the three index hands should be returned to the three figures with which
it was locked. Instead of one bolt only, there may be two acting independently
of each other by the same or separate actions. The dial m being divided into
100 parts with three rings, we obtain one million combinations, while with the
addition of a fourth we could obtain one hundred millions of combinations,
and so on.
We may also at the lower end of axis e cause two other bolts to
act, one upwards and the other downwards, this is effected by means of two
bent levers, one eccentric may also be used instead of two.
Figs. 7, 8, and 9, represent our improved lock, as applicable for a trunk or
travelling bag. o, plate of sheet iron or other material, actuated by an
eccentric or otherwise, which plate is furnished with a bolt at each end; p, first
bolt of a T form taking into the first follower q; r, second bolt of ordinary
form entering second followers.

page_text: Fig. 10 represents our improved locks without eccentrics. The bolt c slides
in guides t, and is actuated from outside by a button, the stem v of which passes
through the spaces before mentioned in combination rings i.
Having described the nature of our Invention and the manner of performing
the same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention, to be protected by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,.
First, the improved principle of construction of the locks herein-before
described.
Secondly, the application of eccentrics to the description of lock herein-
before described..
Thirdly, the application of a slide as a substitute for the eccentric in small
locks to be applied to trunks, padlocks, travelling bags, and otherwise.
Fourthly, the use of a combination of rings of variable number, as herein-
before described:
'
And, fifthly, the general arrangement of the lock herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Antoine Grivel, on behalf of myself
and the said Claude Parigot, have hereunto set my hand and seal, 'this
Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
W. G. E. SWINNOCK,
53, Chancery Lane.
GRIVEL, ANTOINE. (L.S.)