mprovements in and connected with Brakes, Wheels and Rims or Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 7th
Left. 8th Oct., 1900-Accepted, 7th Feb.,
1901
0
PROVISIONAL SP
mprovements in and connected with Brakes, Wheels and Rims or
Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
We, FREDERICK WESTWOOD, of Somersby, Yardley, in the County of Wor-
ster, Manufacturer, and PHILIP LOUIS RENOUF, of Chester Road, Erdington, in
e County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
be as follows:-
Our improvements relate principally to the attachments connected with the
heels and rims of velocipedes. The rims themselves may be made of steel or
Food of usual construction but we sometimes prefer to wind mould or turn them
ut of fibre which is vulcanised and has the advantage of being non corrosive and
not so liable to warp or split under some circumstances as wood rims as well as
presenting a surface suitable for the action of rim brakes.
or
secon-
of a
or a pair of such
contact
wood and fibre
frictional
Sometimes on rims of standard pattern we mount a secondary rim of fibre or
of taking the
metal, metal and fibre
for the purpose
dary rims
rim brake or pair of rim brakes of the rim brake type mounted on the same
or separate levers, sometimes the secondary rim is of trough shape with the
open part of the trough on its inner periphery. Sometimes instead however of
adding a secondary rim we may obtain the same result by joining up several
strips of sheet metal and forming a composite rim; the levers may be actuated
by a reversed pedal action.
The secondary rims may be fastened on the hub end or on the spokes of the
wheel so as to strenghten the connection of the latter.
The brake or brakes may be hinged from an attachment to the wheel axle on
the forks or stays or may slide over horizontal studs.
The hinges or studs may be inclined so that the motion of the brake shoes is
25 approximately at a right angle to the surface of the rim.
This motion is produced sometimes by light tension rods adjustable at their
connection at the brake tube or by light flexible wires these are sometimes
connected in pairs at a swivell yoke which may form an adjustment as to length
or they may pass to the operating lever over rollers or through tubular guiding
30 bends or equivalents. Sometimes the adjustment is effected by spaced holes
studs or by a screw piece (especially where the extremity of the wires or cab
pass through a tubular lever) sometimes by winding the wires on a hinged drum
the tubular guides may be hooked over the handle bar and the wire may
guided and separated from the frame work by an extensible and contractible a
35 flexible member wound out of a spiral wire or an equivalent. The clips m
be made very rigid by using a trough section or making them out of tube pres
into an oblong shape.
The position of the brakes may be adjusted along the clipping screw or,
using a screwed fulcrum for the hinges. In some cases the hinged mo
sing the forked crown itself as a fulcrum.

page_text: The crown is then preferably of circular section and may be formed by the
combination of sheet metal folded around a central flat web which is pierced
or folded to receive or to abut against the fork stem and blades. The lateral
strain on the edges of a rim produced by the inflation of a detachable pneu-
matic tyre can be relieved by a circumferential band which will nip the edges
of the outer cover between itself and the edges of the 'rim. This band which
may be anchored to the trough of the rim is sometimes furnished with under cut
edges and sometimes so spaced that it may be partially lifted for the detachment
or attachment of a portion of the tyre only. The band may be made out of
tape or cable or chain vulcanised or otherwise with edges suitably reinforced.
The same qualities of incorrosibility and toughness render vulcanised fibre suit-
able for the manufacture of the guards of the wheel, especially on ladies'
machines, the ends of the guard wires may be clamped in clips formed out of
the fork or stay end which on a lady's machine may also contain rings and
receptacles for the guard lacing.
By preference for the band above referred to we use circumferentially around
the rim either a whole band or a series of segments forming such band of
V shaped metal which is held upon the rim by a cord or spring or spring and cord
at the base, the edges of the metal are turned over holding together a back and
front portion of flexible tape or canvas; the upper portion controls the opening
of the before mentioned V shaped metal and the lower portion controls the
closing, so that the V shaped band of metal is prevented from straining in any
way.
The said V shaped band closes upon the release of air pressure rising above
the edge of the rim so that the edge of the tyre may be easily introduced and
closes down upon the edge of the rim when the tyre is inflated.
Dated this 5th day of December 1899.
FREDERICK WESTWOOD.
PHILIP LOUIS RENOUF.
Improvements in and connected with Brakes, Wheels and Rims of
Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
We, FREDERICK WESTWOOD, of 50, Alcester Road, Moseley, Birmingham, late
of Somersby, Yardley, in the County of Worcester, Manufacturer, and PHILIP
LOUIS RENOUF, of Chester Road, Erdington, Birmingham, Consulting Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement:-
Our improvements relate principally to the attachments connected with wheels
and rims of velocipedes. The rims themselves may be made of steel or wood
of usual construction but we sometimes prefer to wind mould or turn them out
of fibre which is vulcanised and has the advantage of being noncorrodible and
not so liable to warp or split under some circumstances as wood rims as well
as presenting a surface suitable for the action of rim brakes. Sometimes on
rims of standard pattern we mount a secondary rim of fibre or metal, metal and
fibre or wood and fibre or a pair of such secondary rims for the purpose of
taking the frictional contact of a rim brake or pair of rim brakes of the rim
brake type mounted on the same or separate levers. Sometimes the secondary
rim is trough shape with the open parts of the trough on its inner periphery.
On free wheel machines. Instead of adding a secondary rim we may obtain

page_text: ements
m,
result by joining up several
the levers may be actuated by a reversed
may be fastened on the hub end or on the spokes of the w
gthen the connection of the latter. The brake or brakes may be hinged
attachment to the wheel axle or the forks or stays or may slide over
tal studs. The hinges or studs may be inclined so that the motion of the
shoes is approximately at a right angle to the surface of the rim. This
is produced sometimes by light tension rods adjustable at their connec-
t the brake tube or by light flexible wires these are sometimes connected
over rollers or through tubular guiding
rs at a swivel yoke which may form an adjustment as to length or they
to the operating lever
pass
or equivalents. Sometimes the adjustment is effected in spaced holes or
by a screw piece (especially when the extremity of the wires or cables pass
ugh a tubular lever). Sometimes by winding the wires on a hinged drum
tubular guides may be hooked over the handle bar and the wire may be
led and separated from the frame work by an extensible and contractible and
ible member wound out of a spiral wire or an equivalent. The clips may be
de very rigid, by using a trough section or making them out of tube pressed
o an oblong shape. The position of the brakes may be adjusted along the
pping screws or by using a screwed fulcrum for the hinges. In some cases.
e hinged motion takes place by using the fork crown itself as a fulcrum, the
own is then preferably of circular section and may be formed by the combina-
on of sheet metal folded around a centre flat web which is pierced or folded
o receive or to abut against the fork stem and blades.
This band
The lateral strain on the edges of a rim produced by the inflation of a detach-
The band may be
able pneumatic tyre can be relieved by a circumferential band which will nip the
edges of the outer cover between itself and the edges of the rim.
which may be anchored to the trough of the rim, is sometimes furnished with
undercut edges and sometimes so spaced that it may be partially lifted for the
detachment or attachment of a portion of the tyre only.
made out of tape or cable or chain vulcanised or otherwise with edges suitably
reinforced.
The same qualities of incorrodibility and toughness renders vulcanised fibre
suitable for the manufacture of the guards of the wheel especially on ladies
35 machines, the ends of the guard wires may be clamped in clips formed out the
fork or stay end which on a ladies machine may also contain rings or receptacles
for the guard lacing.
Referring to the annexed drawing Fig. 1 shews a strip of vulcanised fibre
which may be wound into a rim as at Fig 2 and joined at B by the plate C
40 Fig. 3 is a mould around which fibre pulp may be placed as at and vulcanise
under pressure. Fig. 2 shews the section of a block of fibre which is turned in
section such as shewn by the dotted line in the figure. Fig. 4 shews the moun
ing of a secondary rim at E. Fig. 5 shews the secondary rim mounted trou
Fig. 8 shews a guiding band for
shape. Fig. 6 shews a composite rim of metal and fibre. "Fig. 7 shews one fo
45 of attaching the brake lever to the forks while Q and R shew swivel yokes a
attachments of the controlling wires.
Fig. 9 shews the brake in operation on the handle
Fig. 10
handle bar at which operates through the guiding tube S or T on pressure
the thumb piece B.
which shews the guiding bands and tubes at UV and W the spaced holes
50 and screw piece at X but sometimes I use guide tubes as at S or T Fi
instead, especially when the brake is attached to the rear wheel.
shews the attachment as applied to the rear wheel Y and A¹ shews exter
contractible and flexible members as spiral wire rubber tubing or its equi
and H shews the position of the fork
Fig. 1 shews one form of clip pressed out of tube which may be flat or of t
55 section. Fig. 12 shews the fork crown used as a fulcrum for the brake m
steel metal folded around a flat web
10 is a plan of the flat web shown detached from the crown. Fig. 1

page_text: a section of the circumferential band which nips the edge of the cover E¹ at 1; 1
and releives the strain of the rim. F¹ shews it applied on one side only and G'
shews it applied with V shaped or lateral side instead of the undercut at D¹
and H¹ shews round instead of flat edges. Fig. 14 at K₁ shews one form of
reinforcing the edges to form the undercut in Fig. 13 or the V shaped side at L'
but instead of spaced bands as at K' complete bands may be used to prevent the
edge either at E¹ or L' from moving in the pocket. Fig. 15 shews a section
of a mudguard with spaced holes for lacing the dress guard and M¹ M¹ various
forms of clamps for the fork or stay end for holding the wire.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
(1) A rim for velocipede wheels wound out of a longitudinal strip of vul-
canized fibre and joined up substantially as described.
(2) A rim for velocipedes made out of fibre and vulcanized as described & as
illustrated in Fig. 3.
(3) A rim for velocipedes turned out of a solid strip or hoop of vulcanized
fibre as shown in section in Fig. 2ª.
(4) A secondary rim of vulcanized fibre mounted on a velocipede rim or wheel
for the purposes described.
(5) A rim for velocipedes compounded out of metal and of vulcanized fibre
substantially as illustrated in Fig. 6.
(6) A rim brake for velocipedes hinged to the forks or stays and connected
with swivel yokes as illustrated in Fig. 7.
(7) A brake for velocipedes hinged about a circular fork crown or bridge piece
substantially as shewn in Fig. 12.
(8) A sheet metal fork crown or bridge piece for velocipedes with a central
webbing substantially as illustrated in Fig. 12.
(9) The combination of a wire tension connection for velocipede brakes with
tubular guide pieces which can be fixed at any required interval & the operating
attachments as described & as illustrated.
(10) The special adjusting device 0, Fig. 9 for brake tension wires.
(11) The brake attachments as described and as illustrated in Fig. 11.
(12) The combination of a locking band D' Fig. 13 with the edges of a pneu-
matic tyre cover which will press the same and nip them against the edges of
the rim as described.
(13) The modifications of this band in combinations illustrated at F1 Gi
and H 1.
(14) The spaced band K1 Fig. 14 for the purposes of the combinations shewn
in Fig. 13 or any modifications or equivalents of this combination.
(15) A mudguard for velocipedes made out of vulcanized fibre rolled into a
suitable section such as shewn in Fig. 15.
(16) The combination of adjustable mudguard stays with split clips formed
integrally with the fork or stay ends of velocipedes.
(17) The pierced & folded clip forming a combined mudguard stay & lacing
attachment & nipped as shewn in Fig. 15.
Dated this 7th day of February 1901.
FREDERICK WESTWOOD.
For Self and
PHILIP LOUIS RENOUF,