Improvements in Dyeing Cotton.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 13th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dyeing Cotton.
I THOMAS INGHAM of 18 Johnson Street Cheetham Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to the dyeing of cotton woven fabrics, but it is also
applicable to cotton yarns especially when they are dyed in the open state, the object
of my invention being to produce a good and permanent black.
The invention consists mainly in the employment of a dye formed by a mixture of
a decoction of logwood and a small proportion of one of the colors known as alkali
colors, such as an alkali blue, yellow or brown (or a mixture of any of those colors)
according to the shade of the black required.
This mixture will produce a black which cannot be obtained by a plain bath made
with logwood liquor alone.
When dyeing a woven fabric it is first washed with a suitable detergent and then
rinsed and dried. It is then passed in the open state through a vessel containing the
dye mixed as before described, and then dried.
It is finally oxidized and the color fixed by passing through a suitable solution
(bichromate of soda or potash for example) in the usual manner.
Dated this 13th day of February 1890:
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dyeing Cotton.
I THOMAS INGHAM of 18 Johnson Street Cheetham in the County of Lancaster
Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention relates chiefly to the dyeing of cotton woven fabrics, but it is also
applicable to dyeing cotton yarn or warps especially when they are dyed in the open
state, the object of my invention being to produce a good and permanent black.
The invention consists mainly in the employment of a dye formed by a mixture of
a decoction or extract of logwood (either alone or in combination with other suitable
vegetable dye) with a small proportion of one of the colors known as alkali colors,
such as alkali blue, alkali yellow or any other of the aniline colors (or a mixture of
the same) which will dye cotton in an alkaline bath.
This mixture will produce a black which cannot be obtained by a plain bath made
with logwood liquor alone.
When dyeing a woven fabric according to my invention it is first washed with a
suitable detergent and then rinsed and dried.
It is then padded or passed in the open state through a vessel containing the
coloring matter or dye (mixed as above described) and then again dried.
It is finally oxidized in the usual manner by passing through a solution of
bich romate of soda, or suitable oxidising or fixing agent.
For example I pass the dried cloth (previously cleansed) in the open state through
a solution made as follows:-
One gallon of extract of logwood liquor (3 degrees Twaddel) one ounce of alkali
blue and two ounces of carbonate of soda crystals; the solution being heated to
about 140 degrees Fahrenheit.

page_text: I then dry the cloth by passing it over steam cylinders or by hot air and then
oxidize. Another black dye may be composed as follows:-
Three gallons of logwood extract (3 degrees Twaddel) one gallon of fustic extract
of the same strength, two ounces of alkali blue and eight ounces of carbonate of soda
crystals heated to about 120 degrees Fahrenheit. Then dry and oxidize as above.
Or mix three gallons of logwood_extract liquor (3 degrees Twaddel), half a gallon
of bark extract liquor (3 degrees Twaddel), two ounces of alkali yellow, one ounce
of alkali blue, and eight ounces of carbonate of soda crystals or carbonate of ammonia,
Then
the bath to be used at a temperature of about 120 degrees Fahrenheit.
dry and oxidize as before stated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
1 claim is
The composition of the first or coloring bath, being a combination of logwood dye
(either by itself or combined with other suitabie vegetable dye) with an alkali color
or dye when followed by the drying and oxidizing process, substantially as herein-
before described.
Dated this 10th day of November 1890.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.