IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR STITCHING SACKS, BAGS, CARPETS, AND FOR OTHER
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Howard Pratt Garland, of San Francisco, in the
County of San Francisco, and State of California, one of the United
States of America, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SEWING MACHINES FOR STITCHING SACKS, BAGS, CARPETS, AND FOR OTHER

page_text: executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for
the same, and have made solemn Declaration that I am the true and
first Inventor thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Howard Pratt Garland, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
scal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement:
My said Invention consists mainly in the novel construction of the
needle, it being spiral in form, or not unlike that of a corkscrew, with a
continuous groove around the outer trend or spirals in which to wind
the thread, and a spring at or near the point with which to confine the
end of the thread. A slotted guiding case is provided. in which the
needle operates, along which is attached a plate, and around which a
belt with pins is caused to operate to keep the sack in position, all of
which will herein-after more fully appear.
Referring to the Drawings forming a part of this Specification Fig. 1.
represents a plan of my device with a portion broken away to show the
trend of the needle; Figure 2 is a plan of a portion of a sack showing
the stitch; Figure 3 is a side view showing the belt or brand with pins
in position; Figure 4, a front end vertical section; Figure 5, an
enlarged section of the needle and spring with thread in position.
The needle a is connected to an arbor b, and is operated by a belt on
the pulley c in a horizontal manner in the case A. Around the outer
circumference or trend of the needle, from the heel to near the point, is
made a groove d of sufficient depth to receive the twine or thread, which
groove terminates under a spring c which confines the end of the
thread when by turning the needle in an opposite direction and
guiding the thread the groove is filled from end to end. The case A in
which the needle operates is confined to a table and is provided with a
slot for introducing the end of the thread under the spring and
guiding it in filling the groove. From the case extends a spring
plate provided with end rollers j, around which a belt & is caused to
pass. This belt is provided with pins K', K², which travel with the
same velocity as that of the needle or screw and cloth. Those repre-
sented at K are vertical and pass through the cloth and into the guiding
slot K³ in the bed plate, while the pins represented by K², being placed

page_text: at intervals along the edge of the belt and at right angles with it,
project so as to follow the trend of the screw both in the forward and
reverse motion of the needle, and prevents the cloth, with the aid of the
hand, from being unduly drawn toward the needle, in which casc a
crooked and uneven stitch would be made..along the edge of it. The
pins K² also serve to press and keep the cloth down upon the plate at
the starting point as well as in sewing. A lip at the end of the frame
or plate serves as a guide to the cloth at its initial or starting point and
in sewing. In its operation, the needle being threaded as above
described, one end of the cloth is placed under the lip 2 in closo
proximity to the point m, and the needle set in motion in a reverso
direction from that of the operator, and enters the cloth in the manner
of a screw, carrying the thread with it, until the desired length of seam
has been attained. When the end of the thread is removed from under
the spring e, and two coils loosened from the spirals at the opposite end,
then a reverse motion is given the needle, which tightens up the thread
the whole length of the seam. In this operation, however, and in order
to make sure the taking up the slack of the thread and tighten the
stitch a deeper cut o is made in the groove, into which the opposite end
of the thread is drawn in winding, and in this wise the bight of the
thread is had around the spirals composing the needle. Thus the over
scaming is completed, and a stronger and more even stitch is had than
if it were made by hand sewing, as shown in Fig. 2. This needle can be
operated in a very rapid manner by a common treadle with a belt con-
|nection over the pullies on the arbor b.

page_text: 2d. The springs e, or its equivalent, for holding the end of the thread
in position, in combination with a spiral needle having a groove or
retention guide, as set forth and specified.
3rd. The slotted case A in which the spiral needle operates in com-
bination with the said needle when constructed substantially in the 5
manner as herein set forth and specified.
4th. The belt K provided with vertical and projecting pins K', K²,
which press upon the cloth and pass through it and into the guiding
slot K³, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.
5th. Forming an over stitch g by means of a spiral needle, sub- 1
stantially in the manner as hercin described and shown.
1 11
11
1011
T 1014
HOWARD PRATT GARLAND. (L.S.)