Typewriting Machine.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1898
Typewriting Machine.
We, FREDERICK FERDINAND ANDERSON, of the City of Kansas City, County of
Jackson, and State of Missouri, Machinist, THEODORE KRAUSS, of the City of
Argentine, State of Kansas, Assayer, and VALENTINE SEESER, of the City of Kansas
City, County of Jackson, State of Missouri, Merchant, all in the United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement;
--
Our invention relates to typewriting machines, and our object is to produce a
machine of this character by which a greater amount of work can be done than
with the typewriting machines in general use, in the same length of time, and
which is positive and reliable in operation.
A further object of the invention is to produce a typewriting machine which is
simple, durable, and can be manufactured and sold for much less than any other
standard machine on the market.
To these ends, the invention consists in certain novel and peculiar features of
construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.
In order that the invention may be fully understood, we will proceed to describe
it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 represents a plan view of a typewriting machine embodying our
invention.
Figure 2 represents a vertical section of the same taken on the line II-II of
Figure 1, and partly broken away.
Figure 3 represents a vertical cross-section taken centrally of the machine.
Figure 4 represents a horizontal section taken just below the top-plate of the
machine.
Figure 5 represents a vertical section taken through the cable-wheel, and also
shows the carriage thrown back to the position it occupies when exposing the
printed characters.
Figure 6 represents in detail a view of one of the type-levers and its operative
connections and support.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of one of the shafts provided with one of my
improved key-levers.
Figure 8 is a detail perspective view enlarged to show more clearly the con-
struction and relation between said key-levers and shaft.
Figure 9 is a cross-section of the same, taken on the line IX-IX of Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a detail view of the ball-bearing support for the front side of the
carriage.
Figures 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, are detail views.
Figure 16 is a detail sectional view to illustrate clearly the spring for returning
the carriage back to its starting-point at the proper time.
Figure 17 is a detail perspective view of the carriage frame.

page_text: Like numerals designate corresponding parts in all of the figures, in which:
1 designates the bed or bottom, 2 the back, and 3 the top-plate of a typewriting
machine.
4 designates a forwardly projecting horizontal shaft, which is secured in any
suitable manner centrally to the back-plate, and mounted rotatably thereon is a belt-
or cable-wheel 5, preferably grooved as shown, and projecting upwardly a slight
distance through a slot 6 in the top-plate.
Said wheel is provided or formed integrally with a ratchet-wheel member 7.
Mounted pivotally upon said shaft, at the front side of said wheel, is a walking-
beam 8, and it is held reliably in place by means of a retaining-nut 9. Said walk-
ing-beam at one end is provided with a pin 10, on which is pivotally mounted a
gravity pawl 11, engaging the ratchet-member of said wheel. The opposite end
of said walking-beam is pivotally connected by a pull-rod 12 to the front end of
the arm 13 of a shaft 14. Said shaft is journaled in the upper end of a U-shaped
bearing-bracket 15, secured to the bed-plate of the framework.
A swinging frame 16 is mounted pivotally upon said shaft, and is connected by
means of a comparatively stiff spring 17 at its lower end with the free end of the
arm 13.
By this means it is obvious that by moving forward the lower end of the pendent
frame 16, the shaft 14 is rotated and the arm 13 moved downwardly until it comes
in contact with the stop-pin 18. Further movement of said shaft and arm is
thereby arrested, but the pendent frame continues to move forwardly until the
type-lever has come in contact with and made the required impression upon the
paper. The object of the arrangement of the mechanism just described will be
explained hereinafter, and also the means for causing such movement of the swing-
ing frame.
The carriage support and transverse adjuster is constructed as follows: that is
to say, 19 designates a bar, which is normally held by means of the springs 20
against the rear side of the back-plate of the machine; said springs, as illustrated
clearly in Figures 2 and 4, being attached at their front ends to pins 21, depend-
ing from the top-plate, and at their rear ends to eye-bolts 22 projecting through the
back-wall of the frame and secured by retaining-nuts 23 to said bar 19.
At its opposite ends said bar is provided with the arms 25, which project for-
wardly through openings 26 in the back-wall, and extend through guide-clips 27
secured to the under side of the top-plate, as shown most clearly in Figure 2.
A short distance inward from each arm 25, the bar 19 is provided with an up-
ward T-shaped extension 28, which extends transversely of and overlaps the top-
plate at one end, preferably, and journaled vertically upon said T-shaped exten-
sions or arms are flanged guide-rollers 29.
30 designates a bar, which extends longitudinally of the machine, and is sup-
ported by and between said guide-rollers, and is provided at its opposite ends with
the forwardly projecting and depending arms 31, to which are attached the opposite
ends of the belt or cable 32, extending around the belt or cable wheel 5, and prefer-
ably secured rigidly at a suitable point, as shown at 33, to prevent any slipping
movement that might otherwise take place.
The carriage frame comprises the longitudinal bar 34, arranged just above the
top-plate and a suitable distance in advance of and parallel with the bar 30,-the
upwardly projecting arms 35, at its opposite ends, and the rearwardly-projecting
inverted-shaped arms 36, which are hinged as shown at 37 to the arms 38 project-
ing rigidly upward from the bar 30.
A shaft 39 is journaled in said transverse arms 36 of the frame, and mounted
rigidly thereon is the paper-cylinder 40. Mounted rigidly also on said shaft at
the end of the cylinder toward which the carriage travels in the printing-operation,
is a spirally toothed-cam-wheel 41, and said wheel is preferably encased in a
frame 42, carried by the carriage-frame. The corresponding end of the shaft is
also provided preferably with a head in the form of a milled disk or wheel 43,
whereby the paper may be adjusted if desired.

page_text: The carriage-frame is provided with a ball-bearing at its front side in order
that it may freely move back and forth, or longitudinally.
This ball-bearing comprises the hemispherical cap 44, provided with an angle-
arm 45, the ball 46, which fits into said hemispherical cap or socket and upon the
top plate of the framework, and the annular band 47, provided with a horizontal
arm 48; said band encircling said ball snugly below its center and having its
arm 48 fitting against the horizontal arm of the angle-arm 45, and secured per-
manently thereto and to the middle of the bar 34, of the carriage by rivets (not
shown) or in any other suitable manner.
By this arrangement, it is obvious that when the carriage is elevated in order
to expose the work or for any other reason, the ball-bearing is elevated from the
top-plate of the machine without any danger of the ball dropping out of position.
In order to maintain the paper in the proper position with relation to the cylinder
or feed-roller 40, the roller 49 is arranged at the rear and upper side of said
cylinder, and is journaled at its opposite ends in bearings formed at the rear ends
of the plates 50, resting upon the arms 36 of the carriage-frame; said plates being
provided with slots 51, which engage guide-screws or pins 52, projecting upwardly
from said arms. In order to hold said roller toward the cylinder with a yielding
pressure, a pair of retractile springs 53 are employed, said springs being attached
at their front ends to the foremost bolts or guide-pins 52, and at their rear ends
to lugs projecting from the bearings of said rollers, as shown clearly in Figure 1.
At the front side of the cylinder and below its center is arranged a second guide-
roller 54; said guide-roller being journaled in a bracket 55, secured to the bar 34
of the carriage.
Arranged longitudinally and below the center of the cylinder is a segmental
platen or plate 56 (see Figures 3 and 5), and said platen is held rigidly in such
position by means of the arms 57, which connect its opposite ends with the arms 36
of the carriage, as shown most clearly in Figures 3 and 5.
Said platen may be of any suitable material which provides the requisite stiff-
ness, and preferably at its center is provided with a longitudinal rib 58, which forms
the platen or printing-surface proper. This rib will preferably be of rubber, and
of width only to cover a single type at a time, so that it will be impossible for two
impressions to be made upon the paper at one key-depression.
When the carriage is in its normal position, that is, in the position it occupies
when the small letters are being printed, the platen is over the front end of the
transverse slot or elongated opening 59, in the top-plate, as shown clearly in
Figure 3.
When capital letters are to be impressed upon the paper, the carriage is moved,
in the manner and by the mechanism hereinafter described, rearward until said
platen is vertically over the middle of the slot,--and when figures and punctuation
marks are to be printed the carriage is moved rearwardly until said platen is over
the rear end of said slot, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.
Referring now to the ribbon-feeding mechanism, GO designates a pair of brackets
which are secured to the bed-plate of the machine in advance of the belt or cable
wheel, and 61 a shaft journaled therein and carrying a reel 62 and ratchet-wheel 63,
which ratchet-wheel is engaged by a gravity-pawl 64, pivotally mounted on an
arm 65, projecting rigidly from the extension of the shaft 14, hereinbefore
described, as shown clearly in Figures 2 and 4.
A pair of brackets 66 are secured upon the top-plate 2, and journaled upon a
shaft therein is a reel 67. The opposite ends of the ribbon 68 are attached to said
reels; said ribbon extending from the top reel through the opening 69 in said
top-plate, and rearwardly beneath the same, to a point just in advance of the
slot 59. At such point it extends upwardly through an opening 70 in the top-plate,
thence rearwardly through the opening 59 and down again through an opening 71
in the top-plate, to the reel 62, as shown clearly in Figure 3.
By this arrangement it is obvious that each forward movement of the frame 16,
and consequent oscillation of the shaft 14, causes, through the medium of the

page_text: pawl 64 and the ratchet-wheel 63, a rotatable movement of the reel 62, and a
longitudinal movement of the ribbon.
It is obvious, from the peculiar arrangement of the ribbon, that is, from its
frictional contact in several places with the frame, that it will be unnecessary to
provide a brake to check the movement of the reel 67, as said reel never acquires
sufficient momentum to loosen the ribbon thereon.
72 designates a shaft which extends transversely of and a slight distance above
the bed-plate, and is journaled at its opposite ends in bearing-plates 74, or their
equivalents. Mounted pivotally upon said shaft are the arms 75, and said arms
are pivotally connected by means of the links 76 with the depending arms 77 of
the shaft 78; said link 76 being provided with longitudinal slots 76", which fit
loosely upon pins 76b of said depending arms. The shaft 78 is journaled in bear-
ing-brackets or sleeves 79 secured to and projecting forwardly from the back-wall 2
of the frame, and said shaft is also provided with the upwardly projecting arms 80,
having longitudinal slots 81 in their upper ends, which pivotally engage pins 82,
projecting laterally from the forwardly projecting arms 25 of the bar 19. Pro-
jecting forwardly from said arms 75 are levers 83 and 84, and carried thereby at
their outer ends are the keys 85 and 86, respectively. By depressing the key 85,
the corresponding arm 75 is pivotally operated, and, through the medium of its
connecting link 76, rotates the shaft 78, and, overcoming the resistance of the
springs 20, moves the bar 19, and consequently the carriage, rearwardly until the
platen 58 occupies a position over the rear end of the slot 59. When in this
position, which is maintained as long as said key is depressed, figures, punctuation
marks, and other symbols may be printed upon the paper, which extends between
the cylinder and the rollers 49 and 54, and against the face of said platen, as shown
clearly in Figure 3. When said key is released the springs 20 return the carriage,
said key, and the connected parts to their original positions. It will he observed
in this connection that owing to the fact that the links 76 are provided with the
slots 76, the operation of the key 85, and consequently the depending arm of said
rock-shaft, does not affect the position of the key 86, as the pin of the arm engag-
ing the same slides inoperatively in its slots. The same is true of the key 85 when
the key 86 is depressed. The only difference in operation between the said keys
is a difference of degree, that is to say, the depression of the key 85 throws the
carriage back twice as far as the depression of the key 86. The depression of the
latter key throws the platen over the center of said slot 59 in order to receive
impressions of capital letters; as will be readily understood.
Arranged rearwardly, preferably, of the shaft 72, and journaled, preferably, in
the same bearing-plate, are shafts 87, and each is provided, for its full length, "with
a longitudinal slot 88, and with an upwardly projecting arm 89, and said arms are
connected, through the medium of the adjustable clips 90 and the rods 91, with
the swinging frame 16 hereinbefore referred to. Said rods extend through aper-
tures in said frame, and are provided with heads or enlargements at their rear ends,
as shown at 92.
Mounted upon said shafts are the requisite number of forwardly projecting, key-
levers 93. Said key-levers loosely encircle said shafts, and are each provided with
a tooth or lug 94, which projects into the slot 88 of its corresponding shaft; said
teeth or lugs being narrower than said slots and normally resting upon or against
the shoulder at the lower side of the slot, in order that when one key is depressed
the shaft may be operated the requisite distance to cause its corresponding arm 89
to operate the swinging frame 16, without affecting the position of any of the
other key-levers upon said shaft.
In other words, the depression of one of said keys causes the shaft to rotate until
the shoulder at the upper side of the slot reaches the tooth of the remaining levers,
which consequently are not moved, and as the key is released said swinging frame
rotates the shaft back to its original position, and consequently re-elevates the key
The operative relation between said shafts and keys will be more readily understood
by reference to Figure 9. In perspective view it will be noticed that the keys

page_text: cccupy their normal positions relative to the shaft, that is, the keys rest upon the
shoulder at the lower side of the slot. In sectional view it will be noticed that
one key is depressed, and the shaft rotated until the
upper
shoulder
of said slot comes against the tooth of the other key, which has not
been moved. Immediately the depressed key is released the shaft moves back to
the position shown in dotted lines, and its lower shoulder or wall comes against
the under side of said tooth, the depressed key, of course, being re-elevated.
The relative distance between said keys is maintained continuously by the spacing
sleeves or cylinders 95, which encircle the shafts, as shown clearly.
The key-levers carry at their outer ends vertical rods provided with keys 96
at their upper ends. Said keys, like the keys 85 and 86 already referred to, are of
elongated form from front to rear, in order that each key may have inscribed
thereon three characters or symbols,--viz.; a small letter, a capital letter and a
figure or punctuation mark, and that more space may be left between said keys
than is provided when circular keys are used, and consequently there is less
opportunity for an operator, in rapidly operating the machine, to strike two keys
simultaneously. By elongating said keys their width obviously may be lessened;
and in order to provide a more natural bearing for one's fingers, said keys are
preferably concaved slightly, as shown.
The key-levers are guided in the vertically slotted guide-bar 97, extending
transversely of the bed-plate, and are each connected by a rod 98 to a U-shaped
clip 99, preferably of spring metal. Said clip embraces and is pivotally connected
to the heels of the type-levers 100, which levers are provided each with three
type, 101, 102 and 103, respectively, for printing small letters, capitals, and figures
or punctuation marks. Said type-levers 100 are embraced at their opposite sides
by spring-clips 104, and are pivotally mounted on pins 105 carried by said clips.
The clips are fitted up against the bottom of the top-plate, and are so secured by
means of screw-bolts 106 and clamping-nuts 107; said clips being arranged in
a curved line, as shown.
In order to insure that the type will strike the ribbon at the proper point, a pair
of guide-rollers 108 are arranged below and at opposite sides of the slot 59 in the
top-plate, as shown clearly in Figures 2 and 3.
By this arrangement it is obvious that the letters imprinted upon the paper will
all be in perfect alignment, as the type will be guided accurately at its proper
point by means of said rollers.
The type-levers are limited as to downward movement by the usual stop-bar 109,
which is secured at its opposite ends in any suitable manner in the vertical stan-
dards 110, forming part of the framework.
In order to return the carriage back to its proper position for the beginning of
a new line, we preferably arrange around the shaft or axle 4 and around the hub 111
of the wheel 5, as shown in Figure 16, a stiff spiral spring 112, and secure its
opposite ends to pins 113 and 114, secured, respectively, to said wheel and to the
back-wall of the framework.
As the carriage is moved forward with each depression of a key or of a spacing-
bar 115, provided with levers 116 secured rigidly to the shaft 72, the rotation of
the wheel 5 winds up said spring, but owing to the fact that it is of greater diameter
than the hub which it encircles, it is obvious that there is no frictional contact
between it and said hub, and consequently the keys may be depressed more easily
and rapidly than in any machine which employs an ordinary barrel or clock-spring
for this purpose, though it is to be understood, of course, that we may employ
an ordinary clock-spring in lieu of the spring 112, if desired. Such a spring we
have illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, and numbered it 117. Said spring is secured
at one end, preferably, to the stationary shaft 4 (the hub of the wheel 5 being dis-
pensed with), and at its opposite end to said wheel 5.
To return the carriage to its original position at any time, we have provided a
special key 118, mounted at the free end of a lever 119, which lever is pivotally

page_text: connected to an arm 120, projecting rigidly from one of the shafts 87, as shown
clearly in Figure 4.
Said arm is also pivotally connected by a link 121 to the depending arm 122, of
the shaft 123; said shaft being mounted in a bearing-bracket 124, secured to the
bed-plate, and having a horizontal rearwardly-projecting arm 125, connected by
a rod 126 to the arm 127 of a pawl or dog 128.
**
وو
Said dog is pivotally mounted as at 129 upon a bracket 130, secured to the back-
wall of the casing, and engages the ratchet-section 7 of the wheel 5, just below and
in the vertical plane of the pawl 11, so that by the operation of said return
key 118 the dog 128 trips the pawl 111, and permits the spring 112 or 117, as the
case may be, to rotate the wheel backward, and consequently return the carriage
to its original position; the carriage being arrested at the proper point by means
of the stop-pin 131.
In order to automatically rotate the cylinder and consequently space for each
new line, a sliding-bar 132 extends through the frame 42, and in longitudinal align-
ment with a bracket 133 secured upon the top-plate of the machine and adapted
to be shifted longitudinally thereon, for a purpose which will presently appear.
Said bar is provided with a pair of ears 134 at a suitable point, and between them
is pivotally mounted the dog 135. Said dog is rounded at its front end, as shown
at 136 at one corner, and diagonally opposite said corner it is rounded at its rear
end as shown at 137. It is pivotally mounted near its middle upon a pin 138,
carried by the ears 134, and is bifurcated, and spirally encircling said pin and
secured thereto at one end is a spring 139, which bears at its opposite end with a
yielding pressure against the dog forward of its pivot, so as to hold its rear end
pressed yieldingly against the bar 132, which limits its operation in the direction
opposite to that indicated by the arrow, Figure 14. When the bar 132 is in its
normal or retracted position, that is, when the spring 141, which encircles it and
bears at its opposite ends against the frame 42, and the head or enlargement at
the rear end of said bar, is expanded, said dog is just rearward of the cam-
wheel 41, so that when the bar is moved or slid in the direction indicated by the
arrow, Figure 5, it engages one of the spiral flanges or ribs of said wheel and causes
the cylinder to rotate a certain distance; the distance being determined by the
length of movement of said bar.
For instance, when it is desired to space only a single line, the stop-bracket 133
occupies a point upon the top-plate which bears such relation to the stop-pin 131
that the spring 141 will be compressed only sufficient to force the dog to engage
one spiral flange or rib of the cam-wheel for half its length, and consequently turn
the cylinder only the distance mentioned.
When it is desired to leave a double space between the lines, said bracket 133
is shifted upon the top-plate to a point nearer said stop-pin 131, so that when the
carriage returns and the head of said sliding-bar strikes the bracket, the spring 141
will be compressed as before, and the bar slid forward a distance equal to or slightly
exceeding the width of the cam-wheel 41, and consequently, by engaging one of
its spiral flanges or ribs for its full length, will turn the carriage and therefore
feed the paper sufficiently for double-spaced writing, as will be readily understood.
As the new line is printed and the carriage moves forward the pressure on the
spring is ultimately removed to permit it to return the dog to its original position
at the inner side of the cam-wheel, that it may rotate the cylinder another step
when the latter is returned by the carriage-returning spring. This backward
sliding movement of the bar 132 is more particularly described hereinafter.
In order that the walking-beam may be returned to its original position after
each depression, we employ the retractile spring 142, secured at its opposite ends
to said beam and to a pin projecting from the back-wall of the framework, as
shown clearly in Figure 2, but it is to be understood that the spring 17, which
connects the frame 16 and the arm 13 of the shaft 14, is of such strength that
when said swinging frame is operated it instantaneously imparts a corresponding
movement to the rock-shaft and the walking-beam, overcoming the resistance of

page_text: the spring 142 and the spring 112 or 117, as the case may be, for returning the
carriage to its original position, and at the same time adjusts the ribbon.
Immediately the arm 13, however, strikes the pin 18, the movement of said shaft
and said walking-beam is arrested, while that of the swinging frame continues,
owing to the stretching of the spring 17.
This arrangement is provided in order to insure that the carriage and the ribbon
have come to a full stop before the key strikes the latter and makes the required
impression upon the paper, thereby insuring against blurred work.
In practice, by the time the type-lever has completed three-fourths of its upward
stroke the carriage and ribbon have come to a full stop, and are prepared to
receive the stroke of said type-lever.
In order to limit the rotatable movement of the cylinder to the exact distance
required, we provide a friction-mechanism which engages the cam-wheel, and
which is constructed as follows:
143 designates a pin suitably supported at the front side of the frame 42, and 143"
a curved arm, which terminates in a shoe 144 at its free and upper end, adapted
to engage successively the grooves formed between each pair of the spiral flanges
or ribs of the cam-wheel. In order to hold this brake-shoe with a yielding pressure
in such position, we employ a spring 145, which bears at its middle against said
arm above its pivot, and has its ends coiled around the pin 143 and secured thereto
or to the frame at its ends. To assist said spring in holding said brake-shoe in
place, though principally to prevent any lateral or twisting movement of the brake-
shoe, the spring-arm 146 is connected at its opposite ends to the arm 143ª, and to
the adjacent arm 36 of the carriage.
In case it is necessary or desirable, after a line has been printed, to return the
carriage for only half its distance or for any distance short of the full distance,
the curved outer or front end of the bar 132 is grasped, and at the same time the
return-key 118 is depressed. The depression of said key causes the operation of
the dog 128, and throws it, and also the pawl 11, out of engagement with the
ratchet-section of the wheel 5. Immediately this takes place the spring 112 or 117,
as the case may be, rotates said wheel backward, and overcoming the pressure of
the spring 141, causes the dog 135 to rotate the cylinder and feed the paper to
space for a new line.
The grip upon the said bar 132 retards the return movement of the carriage, so
that it can be stopped just at the required point, the return-key, of course, being
released so as to permit the spring 147 to cause the reengagement of the dog 128
with the ratchet-wheel; the gravity or spring-actuated dog 11 automatically re-
engaging said wheel also, as will be readily understood, and holding the carriage
at such point. The bar 132 then being released, the spring 141 slides it back to
its original position, the dog 135, of course, yielding pivotally as it engages the
cam-wheel in its back-motion, to accommodate or permit this return movement.
The rounded shoulder 137 makes this pivotal movement possible, and the
shoulder 136 facilitates such movement, when the dog is arranged as shown.
It will be understood, of course, that the wheel 43 may be grasped in order to
retard the return-movement of the carriage so that it can be stopped at any inter-
mediate point, but it is equally obvious that it will require an additional move-
ment of the hand in order to rotate said wheel and thereby space for a new line.
This operation, of course, would require a little more time than is occupied by
grasping the bar 132.
One particular feature of this machine which possesses great advantages over
those in general use is the platen or printing surface, carried rigidly by the
carriage and entirely independent of the cylinder or feed-roller for the paper. By
employing a platen or printing-surface of this character, it is obvious that an
absolutely square face or surface is always presented for the impact of the type,
and consequently the latter will make, at all times, provided they are kept clean,
a perfect impression upon the paper, because the platen provides a resistance for
the entire surface of the type, and consequently the impression made is clear and

page_text: perfectly defined. With machines employing a cylindrical feed-roller also as the
platen or printing-surface, it is obvious that when the bearings of the type-levers
become slightly worn they do not always strike squarely against the paper, owing
to the fact that the printing surface is slightly rounded. With the flat platen
or printing surface we employ, it does not affect the quality of the work, whether
the type-lever bearings are absolutely perfect or not, as the type, when arrested
by said surface, will be caused to impinge squarely thereagainst. This action,
however, is made more positive and reliable by the use of guide-rollers 108.
This flat platen also is an improvement over the caligraph cylinder, as the flat
surfaces of the latter, after the bearings of the cylinder and other parts of the
machine have become somewhat worn, are not always presented squarely to receive
the type-impression, and consequently ragged work is the result.
Another feature to be noted is the spring clips 104, which embrace the type-
levers, as shown most clearly in Figure 6. Said clips at their free ends provide a
continuous but yielding pressure at opposite sides of the type-levers, and as the
clips themselves are fixed rigidly to the top-plate of the machine, it is obvious
that the wearing of the bearings or pivots of said type-levers does not affect their
alignment. The connection between the pull or link rods 98 and said type-levers
is of the same character.
A recapitulation of the entire operation is not believed to be necessary, and it is
to be understood, of course, that various changes in the form, proportion and detail
construction of the parts will be made, and that mechanical equivalents may be sub-
stituted for the different parts without departing from the spirit and scope or
sacrificing any of the advantages of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is: —
1. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable frame, a traveling carriage
thereon, a wheel having a ratchet-section mounted in the frame, a belt or cable
engaging said wheel and attached at its ends to said carriage, a walking-beam
carrying a pawl engaging said ratchet-section, a shaft provided with an arm con-
nected to said walking-beam, a swinging frame mounted on said shaft, a spring
connecting said shaft-arm and swinging frame, and means to operate said frame,
for the purpose set forth.
2. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable frame, a traveling carriage
thereon, a wheel having a ratchet-section mounted in the frame, a belt or cable
engaging said wheel and attached at its ends to said carriage, a walking-beam
carrying a pawl engaging said ratchet-section, a shaft provided with an arm con-
nected to said walking-beam, a swinging frame mounted on said shaft, a spring
connecting said shaft-arm and swinging frame, and depressible keys to operate
said swinging frame, substantially as described.
3. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable frame, a traveling carriage
thereon, a wheel having a ratchet-section mounted in said frame, a belt or cable
engaging said wheel and attached at its ends to said carriage, a walking-beam
carrying a pawl engaging said ratchet-section, a shaft provided with an arm con-
nected to said walking-beam, a swinging frame mounted on said shaft, a spring
connecting said shaft-arm and swinging frame, a series of rock-shafts connected
to said swinging frame, and depressible key levers mounted on said rock-shafts,
substantially as described.
4. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable frame, a traveling carriage
thereon, a wheel having a ratchet-section mounted in the frame, a belt or cable
engaging said wheel and attached at its ends to said carriage, a walking-beam
carrying a pawl engaging said ratchet-section, a shaft provided with an arm con-
nected to said walking-beam, a swinging frame mounted on said shaft, a spring
connecting said shaft-arm and swinging frame, a key-shaft connected to said
swinging frame, a depressible key-lever mounted thereon, a type-lever pivotally

page_text: linked to said key-lever, and a stop-pin below the arm of said shaft, substantially
as described.
5. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable frame, a carriage thereon, a
pair of reels, a ribbon connecting the same and arranged adjacent to and below the
platen-surface of the carriage, a shaft suitably journaled and adapted to operate
one of said reels and wind the ribbon thereon, an arm projecting from said shaft,
a swinging-frame upon said shaft, a spring connecting said arm and said frame,-
a shaft suitably journaled and connected to said swinging frame, a key-lever upon
said shaft, a type-lever suitably mounted and linked to said key-lever, and a stop-
pin below the arm of said shaft so as to limit its movement and thereby arrest the
movement of the ribbon before the tyne comes in contact with it, substantially as
described.
6. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable framework, a carriage thereon,
a pair of reels, a ribbon connecting them and suitably guided adjacent to the
platen-surface of the carriage, a ratchet-wheel upon the shaft of one of said reels,
a shaft suitably journaled, a dog carried thereby and engaging said ratchet-wheel,
an arm projecting from said shaft, a swinging frame upon said shaft, a retractile
spring connecting said arm and said shaft, a key-shaft connected to said frame, a
key-lever mounted upon said shaft, a type-lever suitably mounted and linked to
said key-lever, and a stop-pin to limit the movement of the arm of the shaft con--
nected to said swinging frame, substantially as described.
7. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable framework, a traveling
carriage thereon, a wheel mounted in the frame and provided with a ratchet-
section, a belt or cable engaging said wheel and attached at its opposite ends to
said carriage, a pair of reels mounted in the frame, a ribbon connecting the same
and guided adjacent to the platen-surface of the carriage, a walking-beam, a pawl
mounted thereon and engaging said ratchet-section, a shaft adapted to impart
motion to one of said reels and wind the ribbon thereon, an arm projecting from
said shaft, a link connecting said arm with the walking-beam, a swinging frame
mounted upon said shaft, a retractile spring connecting the same with the arm of
said shaft, a key-shaft connected to said swinging frame, a key-lever mounted
upon said shaft, a type-lever suitably mounted and linked to said key-lever, and a
stop-pin arranged to limit the movement of said arm and consequently arrest the
carriage and the ribbon before the type comes in contact with the latter, substan-
tially as described.
8. A typewriting machine, comprising a suitable framework, a traveling carriage
thereon, a wheel mounted in the frame, and provided with a ratchet-section, a belt
or cable engaging said wheel and attached at its opposite ends to said carriage, a
pair of reels mounted in the frame, a ribbon connecting the same and guided
adjacent to the platen-surface of the carriage, a walking-beam, a pawl mounted
thereon and engaging said ratchet-section, a shaft adapted to impart motion to one
of said reels and wind the ribbon thereon, an arm projecting from said shaft,
a link connecting said arm with the walking-beam, a swinging frame mounted
upon said shaft, a retractile-spring connecting the same with the arm of said shaft,
a key-shaft connected to said swinging frame, a key-lever mounted upon said shaft,
a type-lever suitably mounted and linked to said key-lever, a stop-pin arranged to
limit the movement of said shaft-arın, and consequently arrest the carriage and
the ribbon before the type comes in contact with the latter, means to return the
wheel and carriage back to their original positions, and a spring to reelevate said
walking-beam and consequently rock the shaft which also operates the ribbon-
mechanism back to its original position and return the swinging frame also to
its original position with the assistance of said retractile spring, substantially as
described.
9. In a typewriting machine, a suitable framework, a carriage support and
adjuster thereon, and prøvided with guide-rollers, a bar mounted slidingly on and
between said guide-rollers, a carriage-frame having a hinged connection with said

page_text: bar and resting also upon the framework, and means to shift the carriage support
and adjuster back and forth, substantially as and for the purpose described.
10. In a typewriting machine, a suitable framework, a carriage support and
adjuster mounted thereon and provided with flanged guide-rollers, a rectangular
bar mounted slidingly on and between said guide-rollers, a carriage-frame having
a roller bearing at its front side on the framework, and a hinged connection with
said rectangular bar, and means to move the carriage longitudinally or pivotally
with respect to the support and adjuster, and means to move the latter back and
forth, substantially as described.
11. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a suitable frame, a bracket
thereon, and a carriage, of a rotatable cylinder upon said carriage, a cam-wheel
mounted to rotate with said cylinder and provided with a plurality of spiral flanges
or ribs, a sliding-bar mounted in the carriage, a dog carried thereby and adapted
under the impact of the bar against the bracket to engage one of said spiral flanges
or ribs and rotatably operate said cam-wheel and said cylinder or feed-roller, sub-
stantially as described.
12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a suitable frame, a carriage
mounted thereon, a rotatable cylinder or feed-roller journaled in said carriage, a
cam-wheel mounted to rotate with said cylinder and provided with a plurality of
flanges or ribs, a sliding-bar mounted upon the carriage, a spring holding the bar
normally withdrawn, a dog carried by said bar, and a bracket mounted upon the
machine frame against which said bar strikes as the carriage returns to its initial
position, and thereby causes the dog to engage and rotate the cam-wheel and
cylinder and feed the paper for the printing of a new line, substantially as
described,
13. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a suitable framework, and
a bracket on the same, of a traveling carriage, also on said framework, a rotatable
cylinder thereon, a cam-wheel mounted to rotate with said cylinder, and provided
with a plurality of flanges, a retracted sliding bar on said carriage, a dog carried
thereby, a spring holding said dog at the limit of its movement in one direction,
and means to return the carriage to its starting-point and cause said bar to strike
against and be advanced by said bracket, and thereby rotate said cam-wheel and
cylinder, substantially as described.
14. In a typewriting machine, a suitable frame, a traveling carriage thereon, a
rotatable cylinder or feed-roller journaled therein, a cam-wheel mounted. to rotate
with said cylinder or feed-roller and provided with a plurality of flanges or ribs,
a retracted sliding bar in said carriage, a dog carried thereby, a spring holding
said dog, at the limit of its movement in one direction, a bracket upon the machine
frame in the path of said bar, means to return the carriage to its starting-point
and cause said bar to strike against and be advanced by said bracket, and thereby
rotate said cam-wheel and cylinder, and a spring to return or withdraw said sliding
bar to its original position after the carriage begins again its forward movement,
substantially as described.
FREDERICK FERDINAND ANDERSON.
THEODORE KRAUSS.
VALENTINE SEESER.