IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE SHOES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT. to Frederick James Drewry. of Burton on. Trent in the
County of Stafford Gentleman, Executor of William Morgan-Brown Patent
Agent of 38 Southampton Buildings London, deceased, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE SHOES A communication to him from abroad by
Gotthard Brandt, Heinrich Sarre and Heinrich Beyerhaus all of Berlin
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd November 1882.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN Patent Agent of 38 Southampton Buildings London
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES [A communication to him, from abroad by
"
Gotthard Brandt, Heinrich Sarre and Heinrich Beyerhaus all of Berlin.]
Till now the various experiments and inventions made in relation to horse
shoeing have neither given a good result to obviate effectively the inconveniences
arising from the ordinary method of shoeing horses with iron shoes nor do they
offer practical means against slipping of the animals feet and therefore nearly
everybody has returned to the old fashioned method of horse shoeing.
As shown by practical experiments this method of shoeing meets all disadvantages
of the present systems and morcover for long periods.
1. It gives facilities to shoe a horse instantly at any spot and by anybody.
2. It gives an elastic tread and protection against hard shocks.
3. It offers protection of the proper shoe against wear and tear as well as against
alipping on slippery ground.
4. It prevents the laming of a horse and disease of the hoofs arising from false
shoeing and nailing.
The shoe is made of steel malleable cast iron, red brass or other suitable material
and is provided underneath with a dove tail shaped groove which receives elastic
oggles made of caoutchouc gutta percha rope teak wood etc and also the necessary
alkins or toes made of the best cast steel etc. By means of these joggles which
ro isolated from each other by small metal plates or which are made in one piece
he horse shoe may be kept in a permanently good condition.

page_text: By elastic treads the hoofs will not only be spared and many diseases avoided
but also the pressure on the sole of the hoof is distributed in such a manner that
the latter is safe from slipping.
To secure the said pivots in the dove tail shaped groove, a special putty is applied,
and besides, the two calkins are fastened to the shoe by means of a horizontal or
vertical screw with countersunk head, or of a pin. The toes are fastened from
above by screws or pins.
In order to limit the tendency of the foot to slip forward on the iron, and also to
give the indispensable hold to the front parts of the hoof when the horse suddenly
stops, three inside roughened prolongations are arranged projecting from the
upturned flanges on the outer edge.
"
The level of the shoe on which the foot is resting may be horizontal or sloping
towards the inner part with two or three or more flat grooves to be filled with
grease, and felt, cloth etc prepared in a special manner is placed between the hoof
and the shoe.
To heavy draught horses it is preferable to give the grooves a square cross
section for better security, as the hoof is growing in. For still better accomplishing
this purpose, teeth may be arranged on the flat surfaces between the grooves.
The described shoe is fastened to the hoof, by only turning and securing
eccentrics, the number of which and their dividing on the circumferance of the
shoe, may be arranged, as wanted, for instance 4 pieces will be sufficient, two in
front and one on each side.
The eccentrics are connected each to a small steel plate, being provided with two
sharp points with barbed hooks pressed into the hoof in corresponding heights.
Another steel plate wherein the eccentric turns is screwed in a corresponding
groove of the shoe by means of a screw. This plate can be shifted, when necessary,
a slot being provided for this purpose. The slot and the lower surface of the
screw head is strongly roughened, to produce a strong friction for bettor hold.
The lower edge of the latter plate may be bent in form of a hook or a scraper, and
in the lower edge of the shoe several horizontal corresponding incisions are mado
to receive this hook,
According to the height of the hoof, the lower or upper incision will be chosen
for putting in the said hook, and by means of the elongated form of the whole, the
exact position can be given to the plate. The screw, mentioned above, completes
the solid union of the parts.
The plate fastened to the hoof, and tho plato incorporated in the shoe are now
connected by the eccentric, the head of which is provided with a groove to receive
a screw driver.
This eccentric bears an eccentric pin, which enters into a hole of the upper plate
and which is guarded by a small countersunk washer, rivetted to it.
When the eccentric is turned, the eccentric pin lifts or lowers the plate and with
it the whole shoo, pressing it on the hoof. A small screw is used to keep the
eccentric in position.
The plate spoken of can also be attached to the iron of the shoe by means of
another arrangement. The lower part of the plato is worked out into a small
cylinder, forming a T with the plate, and having tho inner side flattened.
A cylindrical hole in the shoe, open towards the front face, is made to receive
the T, which can be introduced when the plate is held in a horizontal position.
Then it is turned up, and the T is secured to the shoo.
As a modification of the fastening organs, a dovetail shaped plate is set into the
corresponding groove of the shoe carrying the eccentric and an inner steel plate,
which is provided with sharp points to be pressed into the hoof.
This dove-tail plate with the iron is pressed against the hoof, when the eccentric
pin of the eccentric revolving in the said plate is turned; and so the whole shoe is
fastened to the hoof, as described above.
In another modification the plate is not set into the shoe in dovetail manner, but
embraces the lower edge of the shoe by a hook, and is fastened to the shoe by a

page_text: screw,
the head of which is roughened on the underside and rests on the roughened
surface of the plate. This screw may also be applied to all forms.
In another arrangement a small plate in form of a trapeze is pushed from
below into a dovetail cut out of the shoe, the lower edge of which plate is bent up
for a better hold and for covering the cut out.
The other parts are of a similar form as those described above. The plate is
made preferably of stoel or soft iron, so that it may be bent back, when the shoe is
to be detached or fixed. A disc turning in the plate, is provided with 6 round
notches on the circumference and is kept in place by the heads of 3 screws,
standing in such a distance, that they fill out 3 of these notches. The shaft of each
screw is provided with a cut out, close under the head, so that the disc may be
turned when the cut outs are in front of the edge of the disc, but turned for 180°
(thereby tightening themselves in the female thread) the full shaft of the screws
enter into the round notches and the disc is effectively prevented from turning. It
is clear that the stroke of the eccentric may be applied // or fully.
By the same arrangement, somewhat less complicated the disc is turned directly
in a round depression of the shoe, and the three screws are also screwed directly
into the iron of the shoe.
The thickness of the shoe as well as that of the inserted material, and the choice
of the construction of eccentrics must of course be accomodated to the kind of
work, done by the horses.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent & of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said Frederick James Drewry,
Executor of William Morgan-Brown, deceased, in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th June 1883.
"
FREDERICK JAMES DREWRY of Burton on Trent in the County of Stafford
Gentleman, the sole acting Executor of William Morgan-Brown deceased Patent
Agent, of 38, Southampton Buildings London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES
(A communication to the said William Morgan-Brown from abroad by Gotthard
Brandt Heinrich Sarre and Heinrich Beyerhaus all of Berlin.
The numerous experiments and inventions hitherto made in the manufacture of
horse-shoeing have neither given a favorable result as regards the effective pre-
vention of the inconveniences arising from the ordinary method of shoeing horses,
nor do they offer any practical means against the slipping of the horse's feet which
is the reason why these new methods have not had any success whatever.
As shown by previous practical experiments, the shoeing represented on the
annexed drawing meets all the defects of the present systems and presents more-
over very essential advantages.
1st It allows to calk as well as to shoo a horse instantly at any spot and by
anybody,
2nd It secures an elastic impact in treading on the ground and protects against
hard shocks.
3rd It offers protection for the shoo_proper against wear and tear and obviates
slipping on slippery ground
4th It prevents the disease of the hoof and pricking caused by bad shoeing and
nailing.
The complete horse-shoe is represented by Figure 1 in a perspective front view
and by Figure 2 and 2 in section and back view respectively.
The horse-shoo A is made of steel containing little carbon, malleable cast iron,
red brass or other suitable material and is provided underneath with a dove-tail
groove which receives elastic joggles or bearers C. D and D' (Figure 1) consisting
of caoutchouc gutta-percha, rope leather, teak wood et cetera and also the
necessary calkins or toes B. B' and C³ made of the best cast steel et cetera. By
means of these joggles which are separated from each other by small metal plates b
(Figure 1) or which are made in one piece, the horse-shoe may be kept permanently
in good condition.
By the elastic impact in treading the hoofs will not only be spared, thereby
avoiding many diseases, but also the pressure on the sole of the hoof is distributed
in such a manner that the foot is safe from slipping.
To secure the bearers or joggles C. D. and D in the dove-tail groove, any suitable
cementing material may be used and the two calkins B¹ are fastened to the shoe by
means of a horizontal or vertical screw with a counter sunk head or by a più.
The toes B and C' are fastened each by screws from above.
The loosening of the calkins in the hoof was absolutely inevitable with tho
arrangements hitherto made use of-We overcome this defect by providing calking
having a bardened head and a screw bolt with a conical collar cc (Figure 2) fitting
nearly in a corresponding hole in the horse shoe. In fastening these calkins the
conical surfaces are pressed so intensely against each other that the friction
produced between them prevents the screw from getting loose.
In order to limit the tendency of the foot to slip forward on the shoo and also to
provide the indispensable hold for the front part of the hoof when the horse

page_text: suddenly stops, prolongations & roughened inwardly are arranged projecting from
the flanges on the outer edge-The rim or flange c is preferably not carried around
the whole outer edge of the shoo as shown by Figure 1 but is limited to the front
portion (represented by Figure 2a) thus allowing the lateral parts of the hoof to
extend outwards, this being considored requisite. In this case the prolongations d
may be dispensed with. The upper part of the shoe is provided with a slightly
elevated banquette b, figure 2ª on which only the outer horny part of the hoof
rests while the softer portions of the latter do not at all come in contact with the
shoe-Should however said banquette not be provided, the upper surface of the
shoe may be either horizontal or sloping towards the inner part and provided with
two or more grooves a. a. a Figuro 2 to be filled with grease and a layer of felt,
cloth et cetera interposed between the hoof and the shoe-With big sumpter-horses
it seems preferable to dispense with the felt et cetera and to give the grooves &
square cross section, the hoof as it grows filling up the grooves thus shaped so that
the connection of the shoe with the hoof becomes more and more firm. To obtain
the end in view with a better result still, teeth may be arranged on the surfaces
between the grooves
The horse-shoe as described beforo is fastened to the hoof by the aid of eccentrics
which are simply turned around and fastened in the new position―Their number
as well as their arrangement on the circumference of the shoe may be chosen with
regard to the conditions of each case; four eccentrics will generally be sufficient two
being placed in front and one on each side.
The eccentrics consist each of a steel plate E (Figures 3 and 4) provided at its
upper end with two sharp diverging points with barbolhooks pressed into the hoof
in the proper places. Another steel plate H (Figures 7 and 8) is lodged in n
corresponding recess in the horse-shoo and fixed by means of a screw G.
Figure 1-This plato can be shifted when necessary a sloth being provided
for this purpose the inner edge of this slot and the lower surface of the
screw G are roughened to create greater friction not permitting the scrow to get
loose As shown by Figure 8 the lower edge of the plate H may be bent in the
form of a hook and near the lower edge of the shoe several horizontal corresponding
recesses are made for receiving the hook of the plate H.
According to the height of the hoof depending on its growth and other
conditions the lower or upper recess will be chosen for receiving the said hook of
the plate H. and by means of the elongated form of the hole h, the requisite
play is obtained. The screw G when tightened completes the firm union of the parts.
The plate E to be fastened to the hoof and the plate H lodged in the shoe aro
connected by an occentric F. (Figures 5 and 6) whose head has a slit for the screw
driver The pin f (Figure 6) belonging to the eccentric enters the hole c of the
plate E (Figure 3) and is secured by a small counter-sunk washer rivotted to it.
The eccentric being turned the pin flifts the plate H and simultaneously the whole
shoe, pressing it against the hoof-A small screw i (Figure 7) is used to keep the
eccentric in position
The plato ■ may also be attached to the shoe according to the arrangement
shown in Figures 7b 8b and 80 by which the removal of the shoe is materially
facilitated. The lower part of the plate His worked out into a small cylinder k
forming a T with the plate and having the inner sido flattened. A cylindrical hole,
open towards the front, thus forming a slit which is smaller than the diameter of
the cylindrical prolongation receives the latter which is introduced by holding the
plate horizontally. It is then turned up thus fixing the plate to the shoe.
Figures 9. 10. and 11. show a modification of the fastening device. A plate I
having the shape of a dove tail is fitted in a corresponding depression of the shoe,
as figure 14 shows in a perspective view and is lifted by the steel plate E. Figures 9
and 10. In this case the plate E provided with sharp points (which may have
little hooks) to be pressed into the hoof, has its position within the plate I. the
latter is lifted when the pin f of the eccentric F revolving in this plate I is turned,
the whole being in this way fastened firmly to the hoof as described above

page_text: Figures 12 and 13. show a modification of the plate I. This plate is not fixed to
the shoe in the dove-tail manner but embraces the lower edge of the shoe by the
hook L (similar to Figure 8) and is secured to the shoe by a screw G whose head
is roughened on the underside and rests on the roughened surface of the plate I.
This screw may also be applied in the arrangement represented by Figures 9. 10 5
and 11. and further in that of Figure 14 which is a perspective view of a hoof
provided with a similar attachment.
Figures 15 and 16. show an arrangement in which a small trapeziform plate M is
pushed from below into a corresponding recess of the shoe, its lower edge being
bent for the sake of a better hold and in order to cover said recess. The other 1
parts are of a similar shape as those represented in Figures 3. 4. 5 and 6.
The disc F is provided with six notches on its circumference and is kept in
position by the heads of three screw bolts, of which each has a cut out close under-
neath the head so that the disc may be turned when cut out and notch are turned
opposite each other. However if the screw is turned around making an anglo
of 180° (by which it is drawn tight in the female thread) the full bolt of the
screw fills up the round notches and the disc is effectively prevented from turning.
It is evident that with this arrangement the eccentric may be secured at '/., and
at the full turn.
The same arrangement but of a less complicated nature is shown by Figures 171
and 18. Here the disk F turns directly in a round depression of the shoe and the
latter also receives said three screws.
Figures 19. to 21. show a modification of the attachment represented by
Figures 15 and 16. Instead of the three screws there employed to secure the
eccentric F in position, which must be loosened each time the eccentric requires to
be turned we make use of a pin which is fixed in the plate I in such a manner as
to be capable of turning around in it and having a head m with a slit. It is but
necessary to turn the head m half way or loss around in order to be able to turn
the eccontric.
.
In Figures 22 to 24 the eccentric or disk F which is provided for this purposo
with teeth similary to those of ratchet wheels is secured by means of a spring n
which prevents the excentric to turn back.
A further modification is represented by Figures 25 to 27. The pin o arranged
eccentrically, is rigidly connected with the two ball portions p and receives the end
of the plate N. The ball p is lodged in a recess in the periphery of the shoe and
is prevented by the cover plate 0 (which has likewise a recess serving as a bearing)
to change its position, because this plate is pressed against the periphery of the
ball by means of counter-sunk set-screws -The employment of a ball offers the
advantage with regard to the other arrangements described that the plate N may
be turned in any direction as soon as only one screw on the cover-plate is loosened
a little.
We reserve the right to employ instead of the ball eccentric in Figures 25 to 27
a lever with which the holding plate is connected at a short distance from the
fulcrum so that, when turned, this lever causes the parts to approach.
The thickness of the shoe as well as that of the inserted material and the
construction of the eccentrics (the right of whoso application to any other horse-
shoes is reserved) must of course be adapted to the kind of work done by the
horses.
Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the manner of
carrying the same into effect I would have it understood that what I claim as the
invention as communicated to me is.
1 The construction of metal shoes provided around their underside with a dove-
tail groove permitting to fasten as well as to change conveniently the calkins, toes
and elastic joggles-or bearers as described.
2nd The simultaneous application of elastic joggles made of different materials
such as hard wood, caoutchouc et, cetera of various length and separated from each

page_text: other by metal plates b b on purpose to change the hard and soft material of the
joggles at liberty according to their wear and tear.
3rd The arrangement or construction of teeth on the upper surface of the horse-
shoe between the grooves a a for receiving grease and their combination with
the rim at the outer edge for the purpose of obtaining a good rest or hold for
the hoof on the shoo and the growing of the hoof into the recesses of the shoe as
described.
4thly A horse-shoe having a banquette b (figure 2) and a rim e at the front
portion and provided with calkins with a tapered collar a as and for the purposo
specified.
5thly The attachment of the shoe to the hoof, with or without nailing, by means
of eccentrics in general and especially the application of eccentric disks F turning
in the plate H or I and the plate E provided with grips and points moved up and
down by said eccentrics.
6thly The fastening of the plate H to the horse shoe by means of screws roughened
on their under sides, and by the lower edge which is turned back and lodged in
corresponding depressions.
7thly The fastening of the plate I to the horse-shoe either by lodging the same in
dove-tail depressions (Figures 11 and 14) or by the hook portion engaging with the
lower edge of the shoe which has corresponding recesses (Figures 12 and 13).
8thly The manner of placing the eccentric F in the trapeziform plato M and of
securing this eccentric at 1/. 3. or at full turn by means of screws whose bolt is
provided with corresponding cut-outs (Figures 15 and 16).
9thly The manner of lodging the eccentric F directly in corresponding depressions
in the shoe and of securing it at 1½ ½, or at full turn by the aid of set screws as
mentioned under 8 (Figures 17 and 18)
10thly The application of a cylindrico-prismatic or spherical projection / on the
plate H' fastened in the cylindrical bearing of the shoo by pushing it in sideways
and turning it up thus connecting the eccentric F to the horse shoe, as and for the
purpose specified with reference to figures 7b 8b and 8c
11thly For securing the eccentric F (Figures 19 to 21) the application of a pin
with the head m which fits in the notches on the periphery of the eccentric and
having a flat side which, the head boing turned suitably, disengages the eccentric.
12thly For securing the eccentric F (Figures 22 to 24) the employment of teeth
on its periphery with which a spring n engages.
13thly A device for fastening eccontrics to horse-shoes, consisting of the ball p
lodged in the periphery of the shoe and provided with a pin o with which the
plate N is connected and which is arranged eccentrically to the centre of the ball
or other suitable means so that the respective parts approach each other when
the ball is turned (figures 25 to 27) as specified.
14th The cover plate o having a bearing for the ball p against which it is
pressed by set screws » Figures 25 to 27.
In Witness whereof I the said Frederick James Drewry have hereunto set
my hand and seal this First day of June in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
FREDERICK JAMES DREWRY (L.S.)
FREDERICK JAMES DREWRY (L.S.)