Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1889
Specification Accepted, 30th Mar., 1889
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of nails and to machines therefor,
the chief object of this invention is to produce a machine for making nails without
waste of material and much quicker, consequently cheaper than with machines as
now constructed.
The said machine consists of two feed rollers whereby a plate of metal passing
through them will be upset or compressed to partly form the nail; and of two rolls
each provided with a series of cutters or dies on its perimeter, arranged so that the
dies on one cylinder or roll will fit into the space between those of the other cylinder
or roll so that the strip of metal fed between them will be cut up into perfect nails.
And the invention further consists in certain details of construction hereinafter fully
described and set forth in the claims.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
Figure 1, represents a side view of a nail machine embodying the invention.
Figure 2, is a view of one end showing the feed rollers.
Figure 3, is a view of the other end showing the dies or cutter rolls.
Figure 4, is a transverse vertical section taken on line x x of Fig. 1.
Figure 5. is a longitudinal vertical section taken on line y y of Fig. 2.
Figure 6, shows in horizontal longitudinal section a modified form of clearers and
onerating mechanism.

page_text: place by rings or collars R. secured to the rolls F, on each side of the cutters Q, by
bolts "", that pass through oval holes formed in the flange of the collars R, and through
the heads of each of the bolts r, is passed a small bolts, so that by tightening up
the bolts the collars R, are forced into close contact with the cutters Q.
The cutters Q, are arranged around the periphery of the rolls F, so that a space is
left between each the exact shape and size of the die, only in the reverse direction
(see Figs. 8 and 10), in which Q, is the die and the space, the dies on one roll
fitting into the corresponding opening in the other roll whereby a strip of metal
that has been passed between the heading rolls D, D, being passed between them is
forced into a space between the cutters on one roll and then into a space between
the cutters on the other roll and so on, each piece of metal so cut off forming a
perfect nail.
To ensure the rolls F, running in perfect unison with each other all the rings
or collars R, are provided with teeth, thus forming cog gears which cause the rolls
to run perfectly true, thereby preventing any tendency to twist or strain as would
be the case if the gears were only on one side; and they also form guides for the
strip of metal so that it cannot move sideways, but must pass between the cutters in
a perfectly straight direction.
To force the cut nails out of the dies we employ clearers S, (see Figs. 1, 4, 11,
and 12), these clearers are each provided with a head that works in a cam T, secured
to the bearings E, and the clearers pass through slots cut in the side of the rings
or collars R, so that they travel round with the rolls F, and are drawn in by the
cam T, as they approach the centre, that is, the part where the cutters come into
contact with each other so that they will be below the lower odge of the nail after it
is cut, but as the rolls revolve the clearers will be forced inwards by the cam T,
and push the nail out from between the dies.
These clearers are particularly applicable for short nails, and it is preferred to
make two or more of them together with one head as shown in Fig. 12.
For long slim nails are arranged clearers as shown in Fig. 6, in which F, is
the roll, Q, the dies, and R, the collars, as before described; the roll is hollow, and
into one end an arm e, projects; this arm is secured to one of the standards B, or
other fixed part of the machine, and is provided with suitable bearings in which is
mounted a shaft, the end of which is provided with a drum or disk g. T', is a
cam or rim of metal, which may if desired, be made flexible and in more than one
section, to the outer surface of this ring is secured a number of pins or clearers S',
that pass through holes formed in the ioll F, and lower part of the dies Q, so that
as the rolls F, revolve the pins or clearers S', will be drawn in on the side where
the nails are being cut and forced out on the opposite side so as to push the nail cloar
of the dies, the pulley y, and shaft f, being free to rotate with the cam or ring T¹,
thereby preventing undue friction.
In case any nail should stick and not drop off readily, we provide circular brushes U,
preferably of wire to brush off any adhering nails. These brushes are mounted upon
shafts a, a, journalled in the standards B, and are driven from the gears on the
collars R, through gears b, b, mounted upon shafts c, e, also journalled in the standards B',
and gears d, d, on the shafts a, a, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5.
To guide the plate as it passes from the heading rolls D, to the rolls F, and also
to prevent sagging or bending of the plate, a tubular guide V, is secured between
the rolls as shown in Fig. 5.
To keep the die or cutting rolls F, from heating they are formed hollow as shown
in Fig. 4, and a tube k, is inserted in one end this tube remains stationary while
the rolls revolve. This tube is provided with a central partition so that cold water
or air can be forced through the lower portion into the roll and then escape out
of the upper portion as indicated by the arrows, or if desired the roll may be
formed hollow its entire length as in Fig. 6, in which case the cold air or water
would be admitted on one side and escape on the other.
To keep the face of the dies cool as they cut the nails air is forced onto the dies
by means of a fan W, (or it might be an air-pump, in which case the air would

page_text: be colder, being supplied under pressure), a pipe te, conducting the air to the surface
of the dios.
When it is desired to form nails resembling the ordinary wire nails, wo employ
rolls with their surfaces formed as shown in Fig. 7, in which the lead rolls D,
are recessed around their perimeters as shown, so as to compress the strip of
metal into a nearly round form as well as heading it as before described, and
then the strip of metal passing through the die rolls F', is cut off to form complete
nails.
In this case the clearers would not be required the brushes U, being sufficient to
insure the finished nails leaving the dies.
In the improved nail as shown in Fig. 23, the slank is provided on both sides with
projecting points cut as shown to form shoulders a', so as not to offer any resistance
when the nail is being driven but after the mail is driven the fibres of the wood will
expand between the shoulders and seemely hull the same; the head is particularly
applicable for nails used for finished work where it is not desired to have the head of
the nail seen. It is formed with a small conical projection 4, which stands above the
head the distance it is desired to have the heat of the unil below the surface of the wood,
and after the nail is driven home the space around the projection may be filled with
putty, and to insure a better hold for the putty 1. form a recess c², in the head of the
nail around the projection as shown, or the head may be flat the projection b³, standing
above it.
To make this head the roller- H, are formed as shown in Fig. 22, so that the edge of
the sheet of metal is pressed to the form of the periphery of the roller II.
To form the serrated sides a short space, (see Figs. 19 and 21) is left between the
nail blanks and the dies on the cutting rollers will have to be of a form to correspond
to the serrations to be eut.
Of course the feed rolls and the dies would have to be arranged according to the
sort of nail required to be made, and instead of having the food rolls made to partly
form the head, the plates could be rolled at the mill into the required form, in which
case only the die roller and their accessories wouli have to be employed.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
1. The feed rolls D, D, provided with bevelled diges in combination with the
rollers H, mounted in frames 1, wedges J, and bolts i, substantially as and for the
purposes sut forth.
2. The rolls F, in combination with the dies Q, and rings or collars R, for securing
them in position, substantially as shown and described.
3. The clearers S, and cams T, in combination with rolls provided with dies for
cutting nails, substantially as shown and described.
4. In a nail machine a pair of feed rolls and sido rollers arranged to partly form
the head of the nail jointly with the pair of rolls provided on their perimeter with
dies arranged alternatoly with each other, so that the dies on one roll will fit into
the spaces hetween the dies on the other roll, substantially as shown and described.
5. The feed rolls 1), 1), and dio rolls F, F, in combination with worm wheels L,
worms M, and shaft N, whereby the feed and the die rolls are driven at the same
spoel, substantially as shown and described.
6. The brushes U, and gears d, b, in combination with the die rolls F, dies Q, and
collars R, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
7. In combination with the die rolls F, and dies Q, a pump or fan W, and pipe,
for delivering a blast of cold air to the dies, substantially as shown and described.
8. In a nail machino a pair of feed rolls the periphery of which is formed to partly
shape nails on a strip of metal passed between then jointly with a pair of rolls provided
with dies to cut and form complete nails from said strip of metal, substantially as set,
forth.
9. A nail blank rolled to partly form the nail substantially as set forth.

page_text: 10. A nail the head of which is provided with a conical projection 6', substantially
as shown and described.
11. A nail the head of which is provided with a conical projection 6³, and recess c¹,
substantially as shown and described.
12. A nail provided on two sides with projecting points that form shoulders a²,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 6th day of February 1889.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.