IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO FILTERING APPARATUS
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do bereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO FILTERING APPARATUS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
.
This invention relates to apparatus for filtering (in a practical and economical
manner, without the loss of either material or heat and without exposure to the
air) liquids, and more especially saccharine juices, without the employment of
animal charcoal.
These results are obtained by multiple filtration which takes place under the
pressure of the liquids to be filtered, which pressure is regulated by special
apparatus hereinafter described.
The improved apparatus is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the centre of the apparatus, on the
line A-B Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a plan, and
Figure 3 is a cross section on line C-D figure 2.
A A A A are four supporting columus and B B are cast-iron plates (one of which
is fixed the other being adapted to slide upon the rods CC.) having between them
the frames or sections D D D D. These frames are supported by the rods CC each
of which has at one extremity a head and at the other a screw-threaded portion
provided with a nut. By means of these rods and nuts the clamping of the frames
together is effected.
The frames D are of wood or other suitable material and between every two
adjacent frames is interposed a filtering tissue. These frames are each provided
with an aperture E and are placed side by side. By reason of the coincidence of
the openings E the latter form a conduit from one end of the apparatus to the
other, the communication of which conduit with the interior of the said frames is
established through the holes F. The filtered liquids leave the apparatus through
the holes G provided with cocks G³.

page_text: A trough H for collecting the juices leaving the filter is arranged below these
cocks. This trough is provided with two discharge-pipes I I having cocks for
enabling the liquids which have left the filter to pass in different directions. A
second trough J is arranged at the lower part of the apparatus for collecting the
droppings from the frames.
In order to maintain in the filters a pressure which is always equal, the
apparatus K is provided. This apparatus consists of a slide L which is connected
by a rod to a flexible membrane M. This slide is raised or lowered, according to
the variations of pressure to which the membrane is subjected by the differences
in the level of the liquid in the feed-reservoir; thus intercepting more or less the
passage of the liquid.
N is the pipe through which the liquids to be filtered enter the filter.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows, that is to say,
The liquids to be filtered are introduced into the apparatus by passing through
the regulating apparatus K into the conduit E. They thence pass into the interiors
of the frames through the holes F. The liquids then penetrate the adjacent filtering
tissues, and enter the contiguous chambers where they encounter other tissues
which they likewise penetrate in order to pass to other chambers, leaving through
the holes G and cocks G and falling into the trough H. From the trough H the
liquids are directed through one or the other of the pipes I towards their ultimate
destination.
The drawing shows the arrangement for a double filtration, but by displacing the
relative positions of the admission and discharge orifices F and G one, three, four
or more filtrations can be effected.
When tho materials retained by the filtering tissues interfere with, or stop, the
filtration, the frames are loosened and the filtering tissues are replaced in order to
set the apparatus again in operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. A filtering apparatus composed of several sections or frames D soparated
from each other by partitions of filtering material and each provided with an
opening, which, when the frames are placed beside one another, form a continuous
conduit for conveying the liquids to be filtered into the different portions of the
apparatus as described and shown in the accompanying drawing.
Second. The application to the filter, of a slide operated by a flexible membrane,
and serving to intercept more or less the admission of liquid to the filter, as
described and represented.