Improvements relating to the Weaving of Fabrics with Thickened Parts, and to Looms therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10th Sept., 1891-Accepted; 31st Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Weaving of Fabrics with Thickened
Parts, and to Looms therefor.
I, CARL BORGSEN, of Lippstadt in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is an improvement in plain weaving by which.a piece
of fabric can be made to have in its width at any desired place or places thickenings,
which can only be produced by increasing the warp at the respective places.
The improved device is in the main constructed and disposed as follows:
The warp threads are spun on as many cops suitably placed on a copping, plate
which is provided on a frame behind the loom. At the loom end of said plate the
whole of the warp-threads are guided along under a guide roller lodged in two
oscillating arms carried by the copping plate. Said arms are so attached to the
plate that another roller viz. the first guide roller forms their pivot, over which
roller the threads are guided from the cops. The arms have notches in which
poises are adjustable for giving the first mentioned, i.e. the second, guide roller
varied pressure. From the latter roller the threads are led over a roller lodgedl
in arms of the loom and hence along under the warp beam roller whose adjust-
able lateral disks form width guiding for the threads, which after having passed
over the upper loom guide roller, are drawn in as in any ordinary loom except that
at the places to be thickened several threads, instead on one as hitherto, are
guided through each heddle or reed interstice. The weaving is done on an
ordinary loom in the usual way except the different threading at the places to be
thickened.
To allow any threads that may hang down underneath the warp to be rejoined
to the latter, the copping plate mentioned above has attached thereto two parallel
stays, one on each side, which are directed upward towards the loom and each of
which carries at its free extremity a revoluble rail. The stays and rails are so
determined in position or size respectively that a roller lodged in the ends of the
rails normally rests in a corresponding bed or notch provided under the free end of
the loom arms mentioned above. When a thread or threads are relaxed or
hanging down the displaceable guide roller is pressed by hand out of its bed and
downward together with the warp, till the relaxed threads have rejoined the latter.
Subsequently said roller is released and is then gradually drawn up again, according
to the travel of the warp, into its bedding.
Dated this 30th day of January 1891.
HUELSER. & Co.,
Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Weaving of Fabrics with Thickened
Parts, and to Looms therefor.
I, CARL BORGSEN of Lippstadt, in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
"The object of this invention, is an improvement in plain weaving, by, which a
picce to be woven can be so-made as to receive in its width at any suitable place or

page_text: at different places thickened parts, which can only be produced by increasing the
warp at the respective places.
This improvement has been called forth by the circumstance, that stair carpets
are generally first worn out in the middle, while the side parts are still uninjured,
scrubbing cloths and the like decay in the middle, while at the sides they would still
be strong enough for further use. If however the warp is to be increased in
places. also the warp beam, which must correspond to the width of the piece, should
have in places thicker threads rolled on, which is not feasible owing to the partial
increases and decreases of diameter thereby produced, consequent unequal running
off of the threads and the like.
The thickening of the fabric in certain places of width i.e. the increase of the
warp is produced by several threads being at the places to be thickened jointly tied
e. guided by the same heald or drawn through the same heddle- and reed-aperture.
The desired thickening is supported by the circumstance that the threads can lay
themselves upon each other and have no tendency to produce an unintended
broadening of the piece by laying themselves beside each other.
The composition of the warp is effected by each warp thread being wound on a
spool and as many spools as the warp has threads being placed behind the loom,
whence each single thread is guided to the loom. It may occur that during
weaving, on the drawing off of the threads from the spools, some single spools
continue to run, therefore deliver more thread than is required, whereby the
respective threads become too long and hang down from the warp and conse-
quently an auxiliary tightening contrivance is required between the whole of
the warp spools and the loom to give all warp threads again the same length and
tension.
To accomplish the said purposes, the hereafter described devices are required,
which are represented on Sheets I to III of the accompanying drawings, in
which
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the copping plate and loom in general shewing the
arrangement of the warp threads and the position of the equalising roller during
the weaving process.
Fig. 2 is a plan to Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 illustrates that position of the equalising roller and arrangement of the
warp threads when the latter are brought by said roller into a stretched elongated
position.
Fig. 4 shows the position of the roller when it is brought up during the working
period ie. into its original position.
Fig. 5 illustrates in elevational section the supplementary stretching of the warp
threads.
Fig. 6 is a plan of a weaving pattern.
Fig. 7 the same in elevation.
Fig. 8 is a view of spools or cops placed above cach other.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a spindle set with filled spools.
Fig. 10 a sectional view of a spindle taken to picces owing to the lower cop
having become empty.
Fig. 11 is a section along line y y Fig. 9.
The cops, each of which has spooled thereon a warp thread, are placed upon
the spindles of a plate E which, bearing on a frame, is provided behind the loom,
so that the cops can be freely drawn off on the same." At that end of plate E
which is directed towards the loom, the whole of the warp threads are guided
along underneath a guide roller G provided on oscillating arms F carried by E, the
fulcrum of said arms being likewise formed by a guide roller which is the first
over which the threads are guided from the cops. Arms F have notches d into
which can be hung weights H in order to allow roller G to be given variable
pressure. From roller G Fig. 1 the threads are guided over roller D at the arm a
of the loom along underneath the warp beam roller B, the adjustable side discs of
which give the threads guiding in width, after which they are guided over the

page_text: upper guide roller and drawn in as in any ordinary loom except that at the places
to be thickened, several threads, instead of one as heretofore, are guided through
each heddle- or reed-interstice. The weaving takes place on an ordinary
loom in the heretofore applied manner except the different threading of the places
to be thickened.
Hanging-down threads h Fig. 5 are removed by the plate E having arms f to
the upper ends of which are attached oscillating rails e carrying the guide roller J.
The parts and e are so determined, that J is normally held by the moving warp
in the notch of arm a. When some threads h hang down, roller J is pressed by
hand out of its resting place-therefore oscillating about the fulcrum of e and f
so far downwards, thereby drawing down the whole warp, that the threads have
rejoined the warp as shewn in dash-and-dot lines Fig. 5. Roller J is then released
and gradually drawn up by the warp into its bedding g according to the travel of
the warp. Figs. 6 and 7 show the appearance of the thickening and of the thread
of the pick and warp.
To allow the cops to be placed on the copping plate in greater number on a
smaller area, they are so arranged above each other, Figs. 8 to 11 Sheet III, that
a single thread can be drawn from each cop without a cop located thereunder being
affected thereby, it being nevertheless possible to easily replace empty cops. The
arrangement for the said purpose is as follows:
On the copping plate E are secured the cop holders k each of which has
a bore m for receiving pin n of the holder k of the upper cop, said pin terminating
above at a stop l. Owing to the combination of the cop holders with pin n and
stop l, the upper cop, resting on stop can turn without causing the lower cop
to move.
When the lower cop is empty, it can be easily lifted off and replaced by a new
cop. In order to conduct the threads from the cops in the same plane through
the stretching contrivance to the loom, the double guide rollers op are provided.
By this arrangement a great number of cops can be placed on a small surface so
that cach single cop has free movement and can be easily exchanged.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1) Process and appliances for weaving thickened parts at any suitable places of the
width of the fabric, characterised by several threads being at the same time guided
by the same heddle where the thickenings are to be made, the warp being formed of
threads, each single one of which is coiled up as a cop b, the cops being
placed behind the loom, and the threads guided over the pressure apparatus
formed of roller G at arms F with poise H and over the stretching apparatus
formed of roller J suspended from oscillating rails e, to the loom, substantially as
set forth.
2) In the device forming the subject of Claim 1, the arrangement of the spindles
for the cops in such a manner, that the lower part of the spindle, which part serves
for the lower cop, is united with plate E and has a bore m serving for putting in
or lifting out the upper part of the spindle provided with pin n and stop land
adapted to receive the upper cop, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 9th day of September 1891
CARL BORGSEN.
By Huelser & Co.,
His Agents.