Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres and other Inflating Articles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 10th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 26th Mar., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres and other Inflating
Articles.
I, ROBERT FREDERICK HALL, of 154, Sherlock Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to check or non-return valves for use in connection with
pneumatic tyres and other inflating articles.
Pneumatic valves in general use embody several principles. One of the most
popular is that in which a piece of rubber tube is slipped over a plug having an
air hole in its side. The air, on being forced into this plug, escapes through the
hoie and between the rubber sheath and the plug, the rubber sheath immediately
contracting after the passage of air and preventing its return. The end of this
rubber sheath envelopes a conical portion of the plug and serves the purpose of
making an air-tight joint with the body part of the valve. One of the chief draw-
backs of this system is it requires a pressure of about 15 lbs. to the square inch to
overcome the contractive force of the rubber sheath enveloping the air plug so that
although the pressure inside the tyre or other article may be "nil" yet a pressure
of about 15 lbs. to the square inch has to be exerted to pass the air through the
valve, and a further disadvantage, and the more serious one, is that sooner or later
the rubber on the conical part which makes the seating with the body of the valve
becomes sticky and adheres to the metal so that in removing the air-plug from the
body of the valve, portions of the rubber will adhere and remain behind, necessitat-
ing scraping of those parts away, and the substitution of a new piece of rubber.
Another principle very generally used is the common type of plunger terminating
with a seating plug. This is controlled and the pressure is applied by means of a
spiral spring. The general cause of failure in such valves of this nature is that
unless sufficient force be applied by the spiral spring, an air tight joint cannot be
made, and further, the air pressure required to overcome the resistance of the coil
spring becomes too great to allow the article to be commercially successful, and
many devices have been devised for applying an auxiliary screw, by which extra
pressure can be exerted upon the valve seating after inflation, thus leaving the
small spiral spring a nominal amount of work to do, but these arrangements neces-
sarily add complication and oft times result in leaky valves.
Now the object of my present invention is to construct a simple and efficient
valve embodying none of the disadvantages attendant upon pneumatic valves of the
ordinary constructions.
My improved valve mainly comprises two parts, viz., a body part and a union, the
former consisting of an externally screwed and tubular piece, having a head at its
inner end, and being bored externally to two diameters, the outermost and large part
of which constitutes the chamber wherein the working parts of the valve are located.
The union consists of an axially bored piece of metal, the middle of which is adapted
to fit within the open mouth of the valve body, a rubber ring being preferably located
between the end of the body and an annular collar on the union for making a sound
joint between the respective parts. Forward of the collar, the union carries the
Screwed tail piece whereon the connection of the pump is placed during inflation and

page_text: which at other times carries the dust cap, whilst the inner end of the said union is
threaded to take the union cap, which encloses the valve parts and consists of a
sleeve or barrel, open and internally wormed at its outer end to receive the union
and with its inner end closed and pierced with a hole wherethrough a plunger rod
works, said plunger having a collar upon it and being encircled by a spring bearing
at one end against the said collar and at the other against the inside bottom of the
union-cap.
The valve proper, which is a cup-shaped disc or block of india rubber, is fixed in
a two-part carrier consisting of an axially bored plug and a hollow outside cover,
within which latter the valve and plug are enclosed, with the part of the plunger,
above the collar, extends into the bore of the plug and comes against the back of
the valve, whilst a second coiled spring is disposed within the union-cap with its
outer end bearing against the back of the valve carrier, both the said two springs
being made of exceedingly fine wire having no more power than is sufficient to keep
the valve part on the seating on the union. The union cap is slit in four places
nearly its entire length with four longitudinal slits, so that on the entrance of the
air through the union the valve is lifted from its seating and the air escapes by the
said four slots between the union cap and the body of the valve.
To deflate the valve it is not necessary to remove the union and the valve parts
from the body, but a small blunt piece of wire, wood or other material may be
inserted up the hole of the union and so lift the valve part away from the seating,
thus allowing the air to escape.
If thought desirable for the purpose of valve examination or replacement the
whole of the union may be removed from the body by unscrewing the usual outside
connecting cap which screws on the outside of the body whilst its inside top bears
against the collar on the union.
It will be seen from this explanation that the strength of the springs may be
infinitesimal owing to the manner in which the most is made of the elasticity or
displacement of the rubber, as practically my improved valve is a triple one having
in addition to the two springs the back pressure of air to keep it tight upon its
seating.
The pressure required in inflating through this valve is considerably less than
in the forms of valve before mentioned as being now in common use.
The valve is provided with the usual corded and hexagon nuts, with washers by
which the same is secured to a tyre and wheel rim, or other article.
Dated this 8th day of April 1897.
ROBERT FREDERICK HALL.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres and other Inflating
Articles.
I, ROBERT FREDERICK HALL, of 154, Sherlock Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to check or non-return valves for use in connection with
pneumatic tyres and other inflating articles. Pneumatic valves in general use
embody several principles. One of the most popular is that in which a piece of
rubber tube is slipped over a plug having an air hole in its side. The air, on being
forced into this plug escapes through the hole and between the rubber sheath and

page_text: the plug, the rubber sheath immediately contracting after the passage of air and
preventing its return. The end of this rubber sheath envelopes a conical portion of
the plug and serves the purpose of making an air-tight joint with the body part
of the valve. One of the chief drawbacks of this system is it requires a pressure
of about 15 lbs. to the square inch to overcome the contractive force of the rubber
sheath enveloping the air-plug so that although the pressure inside the tyre or other
article may be "nil" yet a pressure of 15 lbs. to the square inch has to be exerted
to pass the air through the valve, and a further disadvantage, and the more serious
one, is that sooner or later the rubber on the conical part which makes the seating
with the body of the valve become sticky and adheres to the metal so that in
removing the air-plug from the body of the valve, portions of the rubber will adhere
and remain behind, necessitating scraping of those parts away, and the substitution
of a new piece of rubber.
Another principle very generally used is the common type of plunger terminating
with a seating plug. This is controlled and the pressure is applied by means of a
spiral spring. The general cause of failure in such valves of this nature is that
unless sufficient force be applied by the spiral spring, an air tight joint cannot be
made, and further the air pressure required to overcome the resistance of the coil
spring becomes too great to allow the article to be commercially successful, and
many devices have been devised for applying an auxiliary screw, by which extra
pressure can be exerted upon the valve seating after inflation thus leaving the small
spiral spring a nominal amount of work to do, but these arrangements necessarily
add complication and oft times result in leaky valves.
Now the object of my present invention is to construct a simple and efficient valve
embodying none of the disadvantages attendant upon pneumatic valves of the
ordinary constructions.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents an elevation of my improved
valve, and Figure 2 a complete vertical section of the same. The said valve mainly
comprises two parts, viz., a body part a, shown separately in section in Figure 4
and a union b, shown separately and in section in Figure 3, the former consisting
of an externally screwed and tubular piece, having a head a³, at its inner end, and
being bored internally to two diameters a, a, the outermost and large part a³, of
which constitutes the chamber wherein the working parts of the valve are located.
The union consists of an axially bored piece of metal b, the middle 61, of which is
adapted to fit within the open mouth a³, of the valve body, a rubber ring e,
(Figure 13) being preferably located between the end a6, of the body and an annular
collar 62, on the union for making a sound joint between the respective parts,
when drawn together by screwing the cap as, (Figure 6) along the exterior worm-
ings a, of the body. Forward of the collar, the union carries the screwed tail
piece 63, whereon the connection of the pump is placed during inflation and which
at other times carries the dust cap d shown separately in Figure 5, whilst the
inner end 64, of the said union is threaded to take the union-cap e, which encloses
the valve parts and is represented in section in Figure 8. This said cap consists
of a sleeve or barrel open and internally wormed at its outer end e¹, to receive the
union and with its inner end e, closed and pierced with a hole e³, wherethrough a
plunger rod f (Figure 12) works, said plunger having a collar fl, upon it and being
encircled by a spring f2, bearing at one end against the said collar and at the other
against the inside bottom of the union-cap.
The valve proper # (Figure 10) which is a cup-shaped disc or block of india
rubber, is fixed in a two-part carrier consisting of an axially bored plug h,
(Figure 11) and a hollow outside cover h¹, (Figure 9) within which latter the valve
and plug are enclosed, whilst the part f³, of the plunger, rear of the collar extends
into the bore of the plug and comes and is forced by the spring f3, against, and acts
upon, the back of the valve, whilst a second coiled spring i, is disposed within the
union-cap and has its outer end bearing against the back of the two part carrier
of the valve, and with the other end bearing against the inside of the inner end 12,
of the said union cap. Both of the said two springs are made of exceedingly fine

page_text: wire and having no more power than is sufficient to keep the valve part up to its
seating 65 on the union. The union cap is slit in four places nearly its entire
length with four longitudinal slits e, so that on the entrance of the air through the
union the valve is lifted from its seating against the force of the springs f², i, which
are thereby compressed and the air escapes by these four slits or air passages between
the union cap and the body of the valve, whilst so soon as external air pressure is
relieved, then the springs again expand and take the valve back to its seating, thus
preventing leakage.
To deflate the valve it is not necessary to remove the union and the valve parts
from the body, but a small blunt piece of wire, wood or other material may be
inserted up the hole of the union to lift the valve part away from the seating, thus
allowing the air to escape.
If thought desirable for the purpose of valve examination or replacement the
whole of the union may be removed from the body by unscrewing the usual outside
connecting cap a³, screwing on the outside of the body and whilst its inside top a³,
bears against the collar on the union.
It will be seen from this explanation that the strength of the springs may be
infinitesimal owing to the manner in which the most is made of the elasticity or
displacement of the rubber, as practically my improved valve is a triple one having
in addition to the two springs the back pressure of air to keep it tight upon its
seating.
The pressure required in inflating through this valve is considerably less than in
the forms of valve before mentioned as being now in common use.
The valve is provided with the usual corded and hexagon nuts and m Figures 14
and.7, with washers by which the same is secured to a tyre and wheel rim, or other
article.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
FirstA valve for pneumatic tyres, consisting of two principal parts, viz., a body
part and a union, the latter carrying a cap or casing for the reception of the valve
and valve closing mechanism, substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly: In a pneumatic tyre valve of the kind referred to in the preceding
claim, the means for closing the valve consisting of two springs located within the
interior of a cap, casing or equivalent part, preferably carried by the union, and
with one said spring bearing against the valve carrier, and the other acting upon a
sliding plunger, an end of which impinges against the valve itself, substantially
as described and set forth.
Thirdly: A valve for pneumatic tyres consisting of a body part provided with a
union, the inner end of which is provided with a cap or casing enclosing the valve
mechanism, with the valve coming against a seating on the said union, whilst the
walls of the said cap or casing are slit or cut with air passages and the other parts
are arranged, combined and operate substantially as described and set forth in the
several figures of the drawings.
Dated this 8th day of January 1898
ROBERT FREDERICK HALL.
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.