IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR M Ann STTT ADING BRICKS TILES OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abel Mayer, of Hanley, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
M
Ann
STTT AD
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abel Mayer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th March 1874.
I, ABEL MAYER, of Hanley, in the County of Stafford, Engineer, do
5 hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR MAKING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as
follows:-
My improved machine consists of a table on which is an ordinary pug
mill, and in which is a slide containing two moulds of the shape of the
brick or other article to be produced. The pistons in the moulds are
raised by eccentrics and levers or other equivalents, and they drop by.
their own gravity. The feeding plungers are raised and lowered by

page_text: eccentrics and levers or other equivalents. The slide with the moulds is
moved to and fro on the table, so as to bring the moulds alternately
under the feeding plungers and over the mechanism by which the
pressure is given to the pistons, by a crank and quadrant lever or other
equivalents. The pressure for consolidating the brick or other article is
obtained by eccentrics actuating levers connected by side links to the
press slide.
When the machine is at work one mould is under the feeding plunger
to receive its charge of clay or other material from the pug mill, and
while this mould is being traversed towards the press the other mould
that was under the other press is being carried over an inclined lever
raised by an eccentric, which lifts the piston of the pressed brick or other
article and raises it level with the table ready to be removed. By this
arrangement the moulds are filled, and the bricks or other articles aro
pressed alternately and discharged as the moulds return to be refilled.
The moulds are lubricated after the bricks or other articles have been
removed by a saturated pad fixed to the chamber at the bottom of the
pug mill, the said pad being kept saturated with oil or other lubricant
by an oil can. The pad also lubricates the top of the clay or other
material on the return of the slide, and this lubricates the face of the
press.
My Invention max he modified his making mos than bun
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Abel Mayer in the Great Scal Patent Office on 2
the 24th September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ABEL
MAYER, of Hanley, in the County of Stafford, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of March, in the year 3
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Abel Mayer, Her special licence that

page_text: I, the said Abel Mayer, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Abel Mayer, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed
5 should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING
BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Abel Mayer, my executors or administrators, by
O an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
5 Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Abel Mayer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say):-
The nature of my Invention consists of an improved combination of
machinery by which the clay or other material is forced into the moulds
in a movable table, which moulds are brought alternately under presses
'to consolidate the bricks or other articles and then discharge tliem from
the mould; also in an improved mode of constructing the moulds, and
in the apparatus for lubricating them.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is an elevation; Fig. 2, an end view; and Fig. 3, a plan of my
improved machinery for making bricks, tiles, and other similar articles.
The machine consists of two side frames a, a, and a table b, on which is
fixed the ordinary pug mill c. In the table is a long slot for the slide d
to move to and fro in. This slide contains two moulds e, e, of the shape
of the brick or other article to be produced.
The pistons or plungers f of the moulds e are shewn best in Fig. 4,
which represents a section of part.of the machine.

page_text: Fig. 5 is an end view, and Fig. 6 a section of the mould box with the
piston or plunger in it. The ends of the mould box are provided with
slots, and the plunger has movable studs fitting in the said slots. These
studs can be fixed in different positions according to the thickness of the
brick or tile that is being made. When the piston is down the studs
rest on the bottom of the slots the mould.
The plungers fare raised
The cams g' act on the
by the cams g¹ fixed on the main shaft g.
inclined levers, which arc-ninged to the studs / passing through the
standards ², which are bolted to the foundation plate of the machine.
The press plates f are moved up and down by the eccentrics g³ on the
shaft g.
These eccentrics act on the longer arms of the levers k,
the shorter arms of which are connected to the cross head of the press
plates by the side links ¹. The levers / may have bridles to bring them
.down. The feeding plunger i which presses the clay from the pug mill c
into the moulds e is raised and lowered by a crank pin in the pinion j,
which is turned round by the wheel g² on the main shaft g, and the
slide d is moved to and fro by the quadrant levers which are fixed on
the shaft, the said levers having segmental slots in them for the studs
of the links m, which are jointed to brackets fixed at the under side of
the table d. The object of the slots is to allow the slide to dwell at
each end of its traverse while the mould is being filled and the pressure
is given. The shaft is made to oscillate by means of the crank g* on
the main shaft g, which crank is connected to the lever on the shaft
by the link o. The shaft g is turned slowly round from the driving
shaft p by the pinion p¹ gearing into the wheel q' on the shaft q, to
which is also fixed the pinion q² gearing into the wheel go on the shaft g.
The moulds are lubricated after the bricks or other articles have been
removed by a saturated pad fixed on each side of the chamber at the
bottom of the pug mill c, as shewn in Fig. 4, the said pad being kept
saturated with oil or other lubricant by an oil can or otherwise, and the
bricks or other articles when raised out of the mould are pushed to one
side of the machine ready to be removed by the attendants by the
blocks, which are guided by the rods and connected by links to
the double lever s fixed on the upright shaft s¹. On this shaft is the
segment 82, which is turned partly round in contrary directions by studs
projecting from the shaft s¹ acting on shoulders on the boss of the
segment. This segment gears into the rack t, one end of which is con-
nected by the link to the lever . This lever is connected by the

page_text: link to the lever ³ on the shaft . The under sides of the blocks r
may also be provided with lubricating pads, which would lubricate the
face of the plungers f as the brick or other article is pushed to one
side.
The mode of operation is as follows, and the Drawing is shewn in the
positions,t
the parts occupy when the brick. or other article in the right
hand mould e is being pressed. The corresponding plunger f. is then
resting on the standard 3 supporting the lever ¹, and the press plate f
is consolidating the clay in the mould." The feeding plunger i is at the
same time filling the left hand mould c. As the shaft g revolves the
eccentric acting on the lever lifts the press plate f* out of the right
land mould c, and the slide d then begins its traverse in the direction of
the arrow in Fig. 4. During the first part of the traverse the shank of
the plunger slides up the inclined lever ', and lifts the compressed
brick or other article out of the right hand mould, which ultimately
arrives under the feeding plunger i, while the left hand mould, which
had previously been filled, arrives under the left hand press plate ƒ³,
which is then brought down to consolidate the clay. As soon as one of
the compressed bricks or other articles has been raised out of a mould it
is pushed to one side by one of the blocks 7, which are constantly
moving to and fro as above described. By this improved machinery the
moulds are filled and the bricks or other articles are pressed alternately
and discharged as the moulds return to be refilled. The tops of the
pistons farc lubricated after the bricks or other articles have been
removed by a saturated pad fixed to the chamber at the bottom of the
pug mill, or by pads at the bottoms of the sliding blocks 1.
Although I have only shewn two moulds in the slide d it is, evident
that a greater number of moulds may be employed. It is also apparent
that the shape and size of the moulds, pistons, or plungers and press
plates must be varied according to the shape of the brick, tile, or
other article to be made, and the moulds can be changed with great
facility..
The whole machine may be mounted on wheels and moved from one
part of the brick croft to another..
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
intend to limit myself to the details given, and that I claim,-

page_text: .
First. The. improved combination and arrangement of machinery
shewn and described for making bricks, tiles, and otlier articlės.
And, secondly. I claim the mode of constructing moulds so that the
same mould may be made to make bricks or tiles of any thickness, as
-described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abel Mayer, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-four.
A MAVED