IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING RANGES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Alison Adams, of Edinburgh, in the
County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING RANGES."
Sealed the 13th November 1868, and dated the 16th May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Alison Adams
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 16th May 1868.
I, JAMES ALISON ADAMS, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING RANGES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in ranges for cooking
purposes, consists in forming the side plate of the fire-grate near to the
oven with one or more openings in it, through which ignited fuel from
the fire may pass and rest upon a second set of fire-bars of special
construction, these fire-bars being situated in a flue or space which
surrounds the oven. The part of the flue beneath the fire-bars has an
opening formed in it through which cold air passes, and passing up
through the space between the bars and the fuel resting thereon

page_text: maintains the combustion of the latter, the heat and flame thus given off
passing through the flue and thereby heating the oven on escaping to
the chimney. An opening is formed on the front of the range and
provided with a door which can be opened or closed at pleasure. The
fire-bars are formed with recesses at intervals, and their bottoms and
sides constitute inclined planes, thus facilitating the falling off of the
ashes and dirt produced by the combustion of the fuel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Alison Adams in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
ALLISON ADAMS, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian, North
Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Allison Adams, Her special license
that I, the said James Allison Adams, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Allison Adams, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING
RANGES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James
Allison Adams, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Allison Adams, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and

page_text: by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:-
My said Invention, which relates to improvements in ranges for
cooking purposes, consists in forming the side plate of the fire-grate
near to the oven with one or more openings in it through which ignited
fuel from the grate may pass and rest upon a second set of fire-bars of
special construction, these fire-bars being situated in a flue or space
which surrounds the oven. The part of the flue beneath the fire-bars
has an opening formed in it through which cold air passes, and passing
up through the space between the bars and fuel resting thereon main-
tains the combustion of the latter, the heat and flame thus given off
passing through the flue and thereby heating the oven on escaping to
the chimney. An opening is formed on the front of the range and
provided with a door which can be opened or closed at pleasure. The
fire-bars are formed with recesses at intervals and their bottoms and
sides constitute inclined planes, thus facilitating the falling off of the
ashes and dirt produced by the combustion of the fuel.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I
now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner
in or under which the same is or may be used or practically carried
into effect, reference being had for the sake of more complete elucidation
to the letters and figures upon the explanatory Sheet of Drawings which
I have hereunto appended, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is a front view of an improved self-acting open range
according to this Invention.
A is an opening formed in cheek or side plate B of the fire-grate C,
which is shown in side elevation in Figure 2; between the cheek B and
the side of the oven D a fire-grate E is formed, into which the ignited
coals in the fire-grate C may be pushed when the oven is required for
cooking. The oven is constructed so as to form a separate chamber
inside of the outer shell F, and the space between them forms a flue
round which the heat and flame from the fuel in the fire-grate E
passes on escaping to the chimney as indicated by the arrows. The air
necessary to support the combustion of the fuel in the fire-grate E is
supplied through the opening G, and the heat of the oven may be
regulated by the damper H.

page_text: The form of the fire-bars employed are shown in side elevation at
Figure 3, checks or notches a are formed in the top of the bar so as to
provide a free circulation of the air required for combustion, and the
sides of the bar are tapered towards the bottom to facilitate the falling of
the ashes produce by combustion.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in or under which the same is or may be used or practically
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The arrangement of self-acting open ranges in which the oven
is heated by a fire-grate placed between the oven and the cheek of the
main fire-grate, as herein-before described and shown on the accompanying
Drawings.
Second. The method of supplying air to the oven fire-grate by a hole
formed at the bottom of the cheek of the grate, as herein-before described
and shown on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Third. The construction of grate bars in which notches are formed in
the upper side to allow of a free circulation of air, as herein-before
described and shown at Figure 3 of the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Allison Adams, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of November,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.