A VAPOURLESS GLOW-HEAT DISSEMINATOR
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christian Rudolph Wessel, of 25, Fitzroy Square
New Road, Gentleman, and Francis Xavier Kukla, of 3, Raven Row,
Mile End Road, Doctor of Philosophy, both in the County of Middlesex,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christian Rudolph Wessel
and Francis Xavier Kukla at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 3rd June 1856.
CHRISTIAN RUDOLPH WESSEL, of 25, Fitzroy Square, New Road, Gen-
tleman, and FRANCIS XAVIER KUKLA, of 3, Raven Row, Mile End Road,
Doctor of Philosophy, both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for A VAPOURLESS GLOW-HEAT DISSEMINATOR,
to be as follows:-
1. It consists of an apparatus by which combustible kinds of gas, as well as
fats, fatty oils, volatile oils, and spirituous fluids, are perfectly consumed with-
out smoke, or deposit of soot, or any obnoxious vapours whatever.
2. The perfect consumption of the heat producing substances is obtained
by introduction of the atmospheric air in the focus of the flame, by which a
higher oxidation of the products of combustion takes place.
3. The apparatus consists of a small or large argand gas or oil burner,
placed in a metallic cylinder. At a proper distance over the burner is fixed a
metallic conical or round body, for the purpose of deviding the flame, so that

page_text: instead of a perpendicular position it assumes a radiating one, and thereby
permits the oxygen of the air to mix freely with the flame. The cylinder is
placed in a metallic jacket, which latter forms also the shape of the heat
disseminator. The jacket is open at the bottom, partly for admitting to the
cylinder the requisite cold atmospheric air, and partly for admitting the same
into the space between them both, the atmospheric air coming in contact with
the surface of the cylinder under the effect of the glow-heat, circulates and
imparts to it instantaneously its heat, which then issues purified thro' the
various openings at the top and sides of the jacket.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Christian Rudolph Wessel and Francis Xavier Kukla in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st October 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHRISTIAN
RUDOLPH WESSEL, of 25, Fitzroy Square, and FRANCIS XAVIER KUKLA, of
3, Raven Row, Mile End Road, both in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Пer Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Пerself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Christian Rudolph Wessel and Francis Xavier Kukla, Her special
licence that we, the said Christian Rudolph Wessel and Francis Xavier
Kukla, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Christian Rudolph Wessel and Francis Xavier Kukla, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for a "VAPOURLESS GLOW-HEAT DISSEMINATOR,” upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Christian Rudolph Wessel
and Francis Xavier Kukla, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Christion Rudolph Wessel and Francis
Xavier Kukla, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our Invention has for its object the disseminating of a pure vapourless glow-
heat for the heating of all kinds of spaces, and for purposes where powerful
heat and uniform temperature are essential.
And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us.
Our Invention consists of:-A, a metallic cylinder of about 2 feet in height and
about 2 to 4 inches in diameter. (We do not, however, confine ourselves to these
dimensions, as we make them either larger or smaller, according to the size of
the burner we employ.) The lower part of the cylinder is somewhat wider,
for the purpose of giving to the atmospheric air a freer and greater ingress.
B is an argand gas burner, of a size to suit that of the apparatus. C is a
screw-pin, fixed in the middle of the burner (B), showing a portion of it above
and below. D is a metallic grate, with a center hole across the lower inner
part of the apparatus; the lower part of the screw-pin (C) attached to the
burner (B) is let down into the center hole of the grate, to ensure to the burner
a central position. E is a solid body of metal or any other substance capable
of absorbing heat, which in form may be conical, round, or otherwise; this
body is somewhat larger in diameter than the burner; this solid body being
perforated in the middle is serewed on the screw-pin (C), and the required
distance from the burner is thereby easily regulated; that being determined,
it serves once for all. F is the outer casing (jacket), which gives to the dis-
seminator its shape. It can be made in any desirable form, of metal, china,
or other earthenware. The casing has openings at both ends; the lower assist
the more rapid induction of the atmospheric air, the upper are for the out-
letting of the generated heat. G is an argand burner, in which we employ
one or more wicks, to be used for consuming fluid fats and fatty oils. By
taking away the wick or wicks from the burner (C) it serves likewise for
volatile oils and spirituous liquids.
Observe, although the foregoing description under the letters B and G refer
to argand burners only, as represented in the designs, nevertheless we do not
restrict ourselves to such burners only, but employ also, as occasion requires,
other kinds of burners, of whatever name. His a receptacle for fluids sub-
stances, as mentioned under G. Its shape varies to suit the apparatus, and
must depend whether it is placed in the interior or exterior. Its position must
be somewhat higher than the burner (G), for the more easily feeding of the

page_text: latter. I is an indicator, for economically regulating the gas in the burner (B),
more or less heat may be had, according to the indicator plate. By turning
the handle to the pin the consumption of gas is inconsiderable, and the extinc-
tion of the flame prevented. K is a water receptacle. Near to it is a trough,
from which a desirable quantity of evaporated moisture is obtained. The water
is away from the solid body (E) under glow-heat, or it would rapidly decom-
pose it without producing moisture. L is also a water receptacle for large
sized disseminators. The jacket (F), if made of copper or brass, may form the
one-half of the receptacle by being joined below; if of iron, it is best to have
the receptacle constructed of copper or brass, separate from the jacket, or wo
may hang a temporary receptacle of the latter metal inside the apparatus, to
give out evaporated moisture like the preceding (K). M represents the cylinder
and apparatus inside without the outer casing (jacket), such being applicable
for low priced disseminators.
We employ for our apparatus, besides the ordinarily used light gas, the
following materials, viz.:-All kinds of combustible gas, such as hydrogen,
oxyde of carbon, hydrogen of carbon, all kinds of fluid fats, fatty oils, volatile
oils, and spirituous liquids, as are adapted for being applied to purposes of
consumption, and useful where ordinary gas is not attainable.
We will now proceed to describe the manner of performing of our Inven-
tion, and by what process the vapourless glow-heat is produced.
Our arrangement in the herein-before described apparatus ensures a con-
siderable and rapid induction of the atmospheric air to the focus of the flame
of a gas or oil burner, and by placing the solid body (E) at a proper distance
from the burner, we permit the separation of the flame to take place, in order
that it may freely radiate horizontically underneath the solid body (E), by
which process the atmospheric air can exercise on the flame the greatest
possible action, furthering the immediate perfect consumption of the products
of combustion (smoke and vapour). By this action, then, our object is attained,
a pure vapourless heat is evolved, and the solid body (E) is quickly set in a
glow-beat. The glow-heat is by atmospheric draught carried upwards through
the cylinder (A) for diffusion in the space, which latter then is quickly warmed.
The same atmospheric draught causes at the same time a circulation of the
warm air in the to be heated space, so as to press the colder air downwards,
and obliging the latter to enter into the lower openings of the apparatus,
attracted by the heat, and to undergo in its turn the same process. The circu-
lation begins with the lighting of the flame, and continues whilst the apparatus
remains heated. It should be observed that unwholesome atmospheres in
hospitals, churches, factories, &c., will be perfectly cleared off. in consequenço

page_text: of the hot solid body (E) attracting and decomposing rapidly every im-
purity.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, we would have it understood that we do not confine or
restrict ourselves to the details above described; but what we claim is the con-
struction and arrangement of the said apparatus, as herein-before described,
for a vapourless glow-heat disseminator, for the perfect consumption of com-
bustible materials herein-before named, as well as for the perfect consumption
of the products of combustion of the flame (smoke and vapour).
We claim the employment of the above described apparatus for heating of
all kinds of spaces, and generally for purposes where powerful heat and uniform
teinperature are essential, such as to bakers' ovens, to baths, to hothouses, for
roasting and cooking, for hatching, for hospitals, for drying rooms in factories,
and the like.
We claim the employment of a water receptacle, of whatever form, for
household purposes, as well as for giving a desirable quantity of moisture to the
atmosphere united with generated heat.
Lastly, we claim the property of our said apparatus as regards a circulation
of the atmosphere in spaces by the process above described.