IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FISH HOOKS AND CROCHET HOOKS, AND FOR BARBING WIRE AND METALLIC RODS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Morgan, of Redditch, in the County of
Worcester, Machinist, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FISH HOOKS AND CROCHET HOOKS,
AND FOR BARBING WIRE AND METALLIC RODS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Morgan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th October 1881.
16
THOMAS MORGAN, of Redditch, in the County of Worcester, Machinist.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FISHI
HOOKS AND CROCHET HOOKS, AND FOR BARBING WIRE AND METALLIC RODS
FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
My Invention consists of machinery, the parts of which are constructed,
arranged, and worked substantially in the manner herein after described, to be
used for producing the barbs or beards on pieces of wire to be afterwards made
into fish hooks. The said machinery may also be applied to the barbing of pieces
of wire from which crochet hooks are to be inade, as well as to the barbing of.
lengths or pieces of wire and metallic rods to be used in the manufacture of barbed
fencing and other barbed articles.
I will describe my Invention as applied to the barbing or bearding of pieces of
wire from which fish hooks are to be made. The pieces of wire pointed on one
end are arranged in a hopper, from which they are delivered one at a time into
cross grooves or channels in a feeding or carrying drum. This feeding drum moves
in a vertical plane and has an intermittent rotary motion given to it. The ends of
the pieces of wire delivered from the hopper into the cross grooves of the feeding
drum project beyond the faces of the said drum, and the several wires when they
reach the highest point of the drum's rotation and during the period of rest of the
said drum are in succession barbed or bearded by the mechanism herein after
described. On one side of the feeding drum and at its highest point is a grooved
7 071

page_text: bed for supporting the pointed end of the wire during the barbing operation. This
bed is carried by a slide having a to and fro motion, and over the said slide is a
vertically sliding holder or grip for holding the pointed end of the wire upon the
bed.
The descent of the vertical holder or grip is effected by a lever, the latter being
worked by an incline on the end of the bed slide acting against the inclined end of
the holder or grip lever. The return or upward motion of the holder or grip is
effected by a spring.
On the other side of the feeding drum is an oblique slide carrying a barbing
cutter or tool, the said slide also carrying a second or "take home" slide for
pushing forward and assisting in holding in its place upon the feeding drum and
bed the wire to be operated upon. This "take home" slide has a projecting nose
piece, which passes over and bears upon the wire at its unpointed end. Between
the nose piece and the barbing cutter slide is a coiled spring, which on the advance
of the cutter slide is compressed.
The action of the machine is as follows:-
The feeding drum having carried by its rotation a wire to its highest position,
the bed slide advances and carries the grooved bed under the pointed end of the
wire. The cutter slide advancing causes the "take home" slide to push the wire
against the upright in which the bed described works and hold the said wire firmly
on the feeding drum and bed. At the same time the vertical holder or grip
descends upon the pointed end of the wire and holds it firmly in the groove in the
bed. While the wire is thus held vertically and horizontally the continued
advance of the cutter slide causes the barbing cutter carried by it to effect the
barbing or bearding of the wire at the pointed end. The bed slide now retires and
in its retiring motion effects the liberation of the vertical holder or grip, which
rises by the action of its spring. The cutter slide next retires, but the "take
home "slide remains stationary for a short_time_by_the.action-of-its-compressed-
spring until the barbing cutter has been withdrawn from the barb formed on the
wire. After the withdrawal of the barbing cutter from the barb the cutter slide
and take home" slide retire together. The barbed or bearded wires are removed
from the descending side of the feeding drum by means of a pointed stripper,
against which the wires are carried, the said wires falling into a receptacle placed
to receive them.
"
The several motions of the machine are taken from a cam shaft driven by bevil
gearing from a driving or pulley shaft.
The intermittent motion of the feeding drum is effected by a ratchet wheel and
pawl lever worked by a cam and lever, the said feeding drum being retained firmly
in the position to which it has been brought by a friction band bearing upon a
portion of its periphery.
The bed slide and cutter slide are worked by box cams on the cam shaft operating
upon levers connected with the said slides.
The machinery described may be applied to the barbing of unpointed wires as
well as pointed wires, as herein described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th April 1882.
"
THOMAS MORGAN, of Redditch, in the County of Worcester, Machinist.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FISH
HOOKS AND CROCHET HOOKS, AND FOR BARBING WIRE AND METALLIC RODS
FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
My Invention consists of machinery, the parts of which are constructed,
arranged, and worked substantially in the manner herein after described, to be
used for producing the barbs or beards on pieces of wire to be afterwards made
into fish hooks. The said machinery may also be applied to the barbing of pieces
of wire from which crochet hooks are to be made, as well as to the barbing of
lengths or pieces of wire and metallic rods to be used in the manufacture of barbed
fencing and other barbed articles.
I will describe my Invention as applied to the barbing or bearding of pieces of
wire from which fish books are to be made. The pieces of wire pointed on one
end are arranged in a hopper, from which they are delivered one at a time into
cross grooves or channels in a feeding or carrying drum.
This feeding drum moves in a vertical plane and has an intermittent rotary
motion given to it. The ends of the pieces of wire delivered from the hopper into
the cross grooves of the feeding drum project beyond the faces of the said drum,
and the several wires when they reach the highest point of the drum's rotation
and during the period of rest of the said drum are in succession barbed or bearded
by the mechanism herein after described. On one side of the feeding drum and at
its highest point is a grooved bed for supporting the pointed end of the wire
during the barbing operation. This bed is carried by a slide having a to and fro
motion, and over the said slide is a vertically sliding holder or grip for holding the
pointed end of the wire upon the bed. The descent of the.vertical holder or grip is
effected by a lever, the latter being worked by an incline on the end of the bed
slide acting against the inclined end of the holder or grip lever. The return or
upward motion of the holder or grip is effected by a spring or by the advance of
the wire to be barbed.
On the other side of the feeding drum is an oblique slide carrying a barbing
cutter or tool, the said slide also carrying a second or "take home" slide for
pushing forward and assisting in holding in its place upon the feeding drum
and bed the wire to be operated upon. This "take home" slide has a projecting
nose piece which passes over and bears upon the wire at its unpointed end.
Between the nose piece and the barbing cutter slide is a coiled spring or springs,
which on the advance of the cutter slide is or are compressed.
The several motions of the machine are taken from a cam shaft driven by bevil
gearing from a driving or pulley shaft.
The intermittent motion of the feeding drum is effected by a ratchet wheel and
pawl lever worked by a cam and lever, the said feeding drum being retained
firmly in the position to which it has been brought by friction bands bearing upon
a portion of its periphery.
The bed slide and cutter slide are worked by cams on the cam shaft operating
upon levers connected with the said slides.
I will now proceed to describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawings,
the manner in which my Invention is to be performed.
Figures 1 and 2 represent front elevations, partly in section, of machinery for
barbing or bearding pieces of wire to be made into fish hooks, the said machinery

page_text: being constructed according to my Invention; Figure 3 is an end elevation of the
same, partly in section, and Figure 4 is a plan of the same; Figure 5 is a portion
of Figure 1 drawn to a larger scale, and Figure 6 is a portion of Figure 2 drawn
to a larger scale; Figure 7 is a front elevation of Figures 5 and 6, showing the
slide carrying the grooved holding bed and the vertical grip or holder; and Figure 7^
represents the "take home'
or supplementary slide detached.
دو
In Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5 the barbing cutter or tool and the grooved holding bed
and vertical grip or holder are represented in their back or withdrawn positions,
and in Figures 2 and 6 in their advanced or acting positions while the barbing
operation is being performed.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of
the Drawings.
a is the inclined hopper in which the pieces of pointed (or unpointed) wires to
be barbed or bearded by the machine are arranged; b is the feeding or carrying
and supporting drum provided with cross grooves or channels, into which the
wires from the hopper a are delivered as the said drum passes the said hopper in
the manner represented in Figure 3. The feeding and supporting drum b has an
intermittent rotary motion given to it in the direction of the arrow, Figure 3, by
the mechanism herein after described. By an examination of the Drawings it will
be seen that the wires delivered into the cross grooves of the feeding drum b
project beyond the faces of the said drum. When the several wires reach the
highest point of the drum's rotation, and during the period of rest of the said drum,
the said wires are in succession barbed or bearded in the following manner :-
On one side of the feeding drum b is a grooved bed c, for supporting the pointed
end of the wire during the barbing operation. This bed has to and fro motion
given to it, and is shown in its withdrawn position in Figures 1 and 5, and in its
advanced position in Figures-2-and-6. The bed is carried by the dovetail slide d,
working in the dovetail seats d², d, in the fixed frame of the machine. The face
of the bed c is grooved with a semi-taper groove for receiving the pointed end of
the wire. The height of the bed c is adjusted by the screws c², c², taking into a
fixed screw box on the slide d; e is a vertically sliding holder or grip for holding
the pointed end of the wire upon the bed c. This holder or grip works in a dove-
tail in the bracket ³, and is actuated, or has a descending motion given to it by
the lever d, turning on the centre d. This lever d' is worked by the incline do,
carried by the bed slide d, operating upon the inclined end of the said lever (see
Figures 1, 2, and 5). The inclined end of the lever is maintained in contact
with the incline by the spring d. The holder or grip e may be raised from the
bed c by a spring, when the pressure on the lever is removed; or the said holder
or grip may be raised by the pointed end of the wire as it is fed upon the bed c.
When the bed c has been advanced, and the wire has been fed upon the bed by the
mechanism herein after described, the descent of the holder or grip e holds the said
wire firmly in the groove in the said bed; f is an oblique slide carrying the
barbing cutter or tool g. This slide works in dovetail seats at f, f, on the
framing of the machine. The cutter slide f also carries a second or "take home
slide h, for pushing forward and for assisting in holding in its place upon the
feeding drum b, and bed c, the wire during the barbing operation. The said second
or take home slide h has also the function herein after pointed out. It has at front
a projecting nose piece i, which passes over and bears upon the wire at its
unpointed end. The said take home alide his supported, and slides upon guide
rods,, ou the cutter slide f (see the enlarged view of the take home slide,
Figure 7). On these rods, and supported between the back of the take home
slide and the cutter slide f, are coiled springs, which when the cutter slide f is
in its withdrawn position (Figures 1 and 5) are elongated, and when the cutter
slide is in its advanced or acting position (Figure 2 and 6) the said coiled springs
are compressed. Stop pins on the take home slide h, working in longitudinal
grooves in the guide rods h, k, limit the motion of the said slide in either direction.
The motions of the several moving parts are taken from the cam shaft 7, driven by
"

page_text: the bevil gearing at m, from the pulley or driving shaft m². The intermittent
rotary motion of the feeding or carrying drum b is effected by the ratchet wheel bº,
on the axis of the drum. The said ratchet wheel 62 is worked by the pawl
lever (see Figure 3), actuated from the cam shaft by the cam 65 and cam
lever b. The pawl lever b' is pressed into contact with the teeth of the ratchet
wheel by the spring 67, and the return or back motion of the id ratchet wheel is
prevented by the "dead beat" pawl 69. The motion of the feeding drum bis
steadied, and the said drum retained in the position to which it has been brought
by the friction bands 610 bearing upon a portion of its periphery (see Figure 3).
The pieces of wire to be barbed are retained in the grooves in the drum while the
barbing operation is being performed by the shield or retaining plate n. The
barbed pieces of wire are delivered into the receiving hopper p by strippers or inclined
lifting plates q, q, by means of which the wires are lifted or removed from the
grooves on the descending side of the drum as the said wires approach the mouth
of the said receiving hopper (see Figure 3).
The cutter slide f, is worked by the lever r, turning on the centre, and linked
at to the said slide f.
The lower arm of the lever r is operated upon by the cam 7 on the cam shaft 1.
The acting end of the lever is kept in contact with the end of the slide f, upon
which it bears, by the coiled spring.
The bed slide d is worked by the lever s turning on the centre 8², the upper end
of the lever being jointed to the hanging piece d¹º on the underside of the slide d.
The lever & is operated by the cam u on the shaft . The lower arms of the two
levers and are pressed into contact with their cams 4 and u by the coiled
spring x.
8
I will now describe the action of the machinery. The feeding drum b having
carried by its rotation a wire marked y to its highest position, and the said drum
having come to rest, the bed slide d advances and carries the grooved bed c under
the pointed end of the wire y, as illustrated in Figures 2 and 6. The cutter slide f
advancing causes the take home slide h to push the wire y into the groove in the
bed c and against the bracket or upright d³, which acts as a stop. By the advance
of the take home slide h the wire about to be barbed is held firinly on the feeding
drum b and on the barbing bed c. Simultaneously or nearly so with the advance
of the pointed end of the wire into the groove in the bed c, the vertical holder
or grip e descends and holds it firmly in the groove, the parts now occupying the
respective positions represented in Figures 2 and G. While the wire is thus held
vertically and horizontally the continued advance of the cutter slide f causes the
barbing cutter g to effect the barbing of the wire at its pointed end. In Figures 2
and 6 the barbing cutter g is represented in its advanced position, and the wire
barbed by the action of the said cutter.
Figure 8 represents the piece of pointed wire before it is barbed, and Figures 9
and 10 represent the piece of wire after it has been barbed.
The wire having been barbed the bed slide d retires, and in its retiring motion
effects the liberation of the vertical gripe by bringing the wedge d into such a
position that it permits of the descent of the inclined end of the lever ', and the
lifting of its opposite end into the position represented in Figures 1 and 5. The
cutter slide f next retires, but the take home slide / remains stationary for a short
time by the action of the compressed springs around the rods k, k, until the barbing
cutter g has been withdrawn from the barb formed on the wire. After the with-
drawal of the barbing cutter g from the barb the cutter slide f and take home slide h
retire together into the positions represented in Figures 1 and 5, when the operations
described are repeated upon another piece of wire.
The barbed or bearded wires are removed from the descending side of the feeding
drum b by means of the strippers or lifters q, q, against which the wires are carried,
the said wires passing into the receiving hopper p, down which they roll into a
receptacle placed to receive thein.
In order to adjust the barbing tool g to cut barbs of different depths or lengths

page_text: it is made elastic, and by means of the adjusting screw pressing upon the said
tool near its cutting end, the said cutting end may be bent more or less out of the
line of the other part of the tool, so as virtually to lengthen or shorten the stroke
of the said tool without interfering with the parts of the mechanism by which the
said tool is worked.
The machinery described and represented in the accompanying Drawings may be
applied to the barbing of unpointed wires and to the barbing of pieces of wire for
the manufacture of crochet hooks, and to the barbing of metallic wires and rods for
the manufacture of barbed fencing and other barbed articles.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself
to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my Invention,-
But I claim as my Invention, the improvements in machinery for barbing or
bearding pieces of wire to be made into fish hooks or crochet hooks, and for barbing
wire or metallic rods for various purposes, bereinbefore described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
First. The intermittent carrying or feeding and supporting drum described and
represented, by which the wires or rods to be barbed or bearded are supported and
carried in succession to the barbing or bearding bed, and the barbed wires or rods
delivered into a receptacle.
Secondly. The construction and arrangement of the parts of the supplementary
or "take home" slide, and its combination with the oblique barbing tool slide,
described and illustrated, by the action of which supplementary or take home slide
the wires or rods to be barbed are advanced to and held upon the barbing bed, and
also held on the feeding drum during the barbing operation and while the barbing
tool is being withdrawn from the barb formed on the wire or rod, substantially_as.
described and illustrated.
Thirdly-The-reciprocating grooved sliding bed and parts connected with it,
described and illustrated, on which bed the end of the wire or rod to be barbed is
held during the barbing operation.
Fourthly. The vertically sliding grip or holder, described and represented, for
holding the end of the wire or rod upon the grooved bed during the barbing
operation; also the arrangement of parts, described and represented, for operating
and releasing the said grip or holder by the motion of the bed slide.
Lastly. The general arrangement or combination of the parts of the machinery,
herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, for barbing
or bearding lengths or pieces of wire and metallic rods for the manufacture of fish
hooks, crochet hooks, and other barbed articles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Morgan, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness,
THOMAS PERRY,
(Clerk),
Redditch.
THOMAS MORGAN. (I..S.)