Improvements in Pumps, and Valves for the same.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 6th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps, and Valves for the same.
I, JAMES CORBETT, of 307 Gairbraid Street, Maryhill, Glasgow, Scotland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange pumps for
pumping air or liquids whereby I dispense with metal valves and valves requiring
guards and springs to keep thein on their seats, and at same time construct a simple
form of pump having few parts and those arranged in such a manner as to permit
the pump to be worked in any position.
Another part of my invention relates to the construction of valves for use upon
any ordinary pumps.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a double acting pump, I
arrange my cylinder or barrel with a base or feet attached to or provided upon it,
and having end covers preferably provided one to close the end of the cylinder and
the other for the piston or plunger rod to work through, and I cause passages or
ports to lead to each end of the pump barrel, these ports communicating with a
valve chamber arranged one on each side of a central delivery valve box or
chamber. The two side valve chambers I provide each with a hollow spherical
valve of india-rubber or other elastic material. These valves I cause to make a
seating upon two seats arranged one on each side. One seat I cause to lead into
the suction passage or port leading to the common suction pipe, and the other I
cause to lead into the central delivery valve chamber or ordinary box.
The central delivery valve chamber or box I similarly provide with my improved
elastic hollow spherical valve with double seats so that the side valves may cause
the water or air to be delivered into this common central chamber without risk of
the pressure passing from one side to the other.
I form these hollow spherical valves of vulcanized rubber preferably, and I
provide a bib or projecting hollow horn upon the valve so that the valve may be
kept with its opening always away from the two opening passages or seats against
which it beats. Thus when the ball is moving under the influence of the pressure
behind it the horn serves as a guard to confine its movement to the space between
the faces of the seats.
The air or
liquid which is to be pumped enters into and is forced out of the
balls by the projecting bibs or horns. And while the liquid or air is within the
valve the ball is in effect a solid spherical valve held upon its seats by the pressure
within and around it.
The movement of the valve being due to the collapse of the ball in the side
chambers by the suction action of the plunger, the action of seating is a silent one,
and one giving but little travel to the valve through the liquid or air. The
tendency of the ball to constantly change its bearing when lifted from its seat
prevents any excessive wear and tear of the valve and seat, seeing that new surfaces
are constantly being brought together.
I prefer to form my valves with their seats hollowed or curved to suit the con-
figuration of the balls or hollow valves, and when employing medium and large
valves I prefer to provide a central support within the seat for the valve to rest
upon, having grid passages or wings between this central seat and the outer surface
of the seatings.
My improved pump I prefer to construct with the passages for suction leading
long the side to the end or side valve chambers, this suction passage having one
common opening or inlet flange. The valves and valve chambers I prefer to form

page_text: in a straight line so that a correct bering of the holes and formation of the seats
may be obtained without much trouble, and for pumps of large diameter requiring
large valves and seatings I prefer to construct with wide valve chambers each
having two or more sets of these valves and seatings, each set working indepen-
dently but all drawing from the common suction pipe or passage and forcing into
the common delivery valve chamber.
The seats I make of metal or any other suitable material driven into the body
of the valve passages or formed direct upon the pump casting. The covers of the
valve box chambers I make in one convenient form as a single top plate or side
plate for permitting of easy examination and renewal.
The barrel of my pump I line or leave plain to suit the liquid or air that is to be
operated upon, and the plunger I construct in any usual ordinary manner.
I do not limit the application of my improved form of hollow valves to the
particular type of pump hereinbefore described, but I employ my improved
hollow elastic valves with seats modified in shape and configuration to suit any
particular form of pump to be worked by hand, steam or other power which it may
be desired to work under any particular conditions and for special requirements,
and I make my valves of vulcanized rubber or other suitable material.
Dated this 5th day of December 1892.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps, and Valves for the same.
1, JAMES CORBETT, of 307 Gairbraid Street, Maryhill, Glasgow, Scotland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange pumps
for pumping air or liquids whereby I dispense with metal valves and valves requiring
guards and springs to keep them on their seats, and at the same time construct a
simple form of pump having few parts, and those arranged in such a manner as to
permit the pump to be worked in any position.
.
Another part of my invention relates to the construction of valves for use upon
any ordinary pumps.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings-
Figure is a front elevation of a pump water chamber shown partly in section,
and Figure 2 is a sectional end elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a detailed elevation of an adjustable valve seat I prefer to employ
and Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of the same.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a double acting pump of
the type shown at Figure 1, I arrange my cylinder or barrel A with a base a or
feet attached to or provided upon it, and having end covers B preferably provided
one to close the end of the cylinder and the other for the piston or plunger rod to
work through, and I cause passages or ports C to lead to each end of the pump
barrel, these ports communicating with a valve chamber D arranged one on each
side of a central delivery valve box or chamber E. The two side valve chambers D
I provide each with a hollow spherical valve F of india-rubber or other elastic
material. These valves I cause to make a seating upon two seats D¹ D² arranged
one on each side. One seat D' I cause to lead into the suction passage or port G
leading to the common suction pipe H, and the other seat D2 I cause to lead into
the central delivery valve chamber or ordinary box E.
The central delivery valve chamber or box E I similarly provide with my
improved elastic hollow spherical valve K with double seats E' so that the side

page_text: valves may cause the water or air to be delivered into this common central chamber
without risk of the pressure passing from one side to the other.
I form these hollow spherical valves F K of vulcanized rubber preferably, and
I provide a bib or projecting hollow horn fk upon the valves so that each valve
may be kept with its opening f always away from the two opening passages or
seats D1 D2 against which it beats. Thus when the ball is moving under the
influence of the pressure behind it, the horn serves as a guard to confine its
movement to the space between the faces of the seats.
The air or liquid which is to be pumped, enters into and is forced out of the
balls by the holes fk passing through projecting bibs or horns fk. And while
the liquid or air is within the valve the ball is in effect a solid spherical valve
held upon its seats by the pressure within and around it.
The movement of the valve being due to the collapse of the ball in the side
chambers by the suction action of the plunger, the action of seating is a silent one,
and one giving but little travel to the valve through the liquid or air. The action
of the ball being such as to make it to constantly change its bearing when lifted
from its seat prevents any excessive wear and tear of the valve and seat, seeing
that new surfaces are constantly being brought together.
I prefer to form my valves with their seats D' E' hollowed or curved as shown
at Figures 3 and 4 to suit the configuration of the balls or hollow valves, and when
employing medium and large valves I prefer to provide a central support ed
(Figure 1) within the seat, for the valve to rest upon, having grid passages or
wings between this central seat and the outer surface of the seatings.
The well-known tendency of rubber to stretch or spread out under a continual
strain or pressure, provides for these hollow elastic balls, when working under
ordinary conditions a simple and satisfactory means of keeping valves firm upon
their seats and allows of valves taking up their wear automatically without the
intervention of screws, or set pins.
The revolving action of the balls on their respective seats when the pump is in
motion, I effect by making the alternative seats in each set of valves slightly
eccentric in their inside bearings so that the one seat centre, when measured on
the inside, shall be a distance beyond that of the opposite seat centre, also measured
on the inside, while the bearings for seats in pump casting, I form true to each
other and in line.
My improved pump I prefer to construct with the passages for suction G leading
along the side to the end or side valve chambers, this suction passage having one
common opening or inlet flange H. The valves and valve chambers I prefer to
form in a straight line so that a correct boring of the holes and formation of the
seats may be obtained without much trouble, and pumps of large diameter requiring
large valves and seatings I prefer to construct with wide valve chambers each
having two or more sets of these valves and seatings, each set working inde-
pendently but all drawing from the common suction pipe or passage and forcing
into the common delivery valve chamber.
The seats I make of metal or any other suitable material driven into the body
of the valve passages or formed direct upon the pump casting. The covers of the
valve box chambers I make in one convenient form as a single top plate or side
plate for permitting of easy examination and renewal.
In Figures 3 and 4 I show in elevation and in section an adjustable seat I prefer
to employ; the two delivery valve seats E' I make each in two pieces E¹ E2, the
outer piece E projecting into the chamber and being screwed into the valve
passage, also having an inside screw e² to receive the inner seat E' the adjustment
being obtained by screwing the seats out from each other. To move the inner
seat El round I provide square slot holes or gaps el cut into the flange around
the outside edge, into which I insert a pinching bar when the seat is to be turned.
To prevent the inner seat from moving or turning on its screw with the action
of the spherical valve I provide a slotted V shaped groove e which I cut down the
face of the casting on the valve seat and within this I insert a short metal key e¹

page_text: dropped into one of the gaps cut into the seat flange for adjusting the same.
outer seat is held firmly in position by the friction of the double screws.
The
By means of this method of adjustment I obtain the advantage of keeping all
the patterns and castings the same and I am enabled to save all the sizes of the
pump to suit any special manufacture.
The barrel of my pump I line or leave plain to suit the liquid or air that is to be
operated upon, and the plunger I construct in any usual ordinary manner.
For fast running pumps and pumps dealing with gritty water, or working under
special conditions, I prefer to make my valve seats with a simple screw adjustment,
whereby the extra wear of valves occasioned by heavy, or over work may be readily
taken up, and the valves kept tight on their seats, and for this I provide adjustable
seats as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
When constructing pumps to be used as models, or for experimental purposes,
I make them top or side plates of glass, or crystal, or other transparent material,
fixed or screwed in any ordinary manner.
I do not limit the application of my improved form of hollow valves to the
particular type of pump hereinbefore described, but I employ my improved hollow
elastic valves with seats modified in shape and configuration and independent of
number and arrangement to suit any particular form of pump to be worked by
hand, steam or other power which it may be desired to work under any particular
conditions and for special requirements, and I make my valves of vulcanized rubber
or other suitable material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) The construction and arrangement of pumps in which hollow elastic
spherical valves are employed to control the inlet and outlet of air, water or other
liquid substantially as herein before described and as illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
(2.) The construction of hollow elastic spherical valves in which the air or liquid
is free to enter and to escape for the purpose of permitting the valve to be freed
on and off its seat substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
(3.) In a pump the construction and arrangement of valve seats such as D' D'
which retain the same spherical valves such as F in position substantially as
and for the purposes hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
(4.) The construction of hollow elastic spherical valves such as F K having horns
or projecting guides such ask substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
(5.) The construction and arrangement of valve seats in which hollow elastic
spherical valves are employed which are capable of revolving on their seatings
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this 31st day of August 1893.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.