Improvements in Locks.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks.
I, CHARLES ERWIN CANDEE, of 46 Marion Street, New York, in the State of
New York, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates especially to that class of locks used upon outside doors, and
has for its object the provision of a cheap, simple and effective lock, wherein the
amount of material used and the number of parts employed may be reduced to a
minimum, and the lock easily and readily applied to a door.
In the drawing,
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view through the bolt shell and lock shown in
place in a door at line of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal horizontal sectional view at line y-y of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of a bolt shell with a knob and spindle
removed, and
Fig. 4 is a like view of the opposite side of the said shell.
Fig. 5 is an internal view of the shell, the spindle being removed, showing the
location and arrangement of the bolt plate, the bolt and actuating parts.
Fig. 6 is a like view, the dotted lines showing the position of the parts when the
bolt is thrown back, the hub located upon the knob spindle being removed.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal, sectional view of the outside knob and rose and the shell
of the locking mechanism located within said knob.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the bolt and shell at line a-a of Fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a side view of the regulating mechanism, controlling the working of the
bolt, shown as detached.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view through the inside rose, the spindle being shown in
elevation.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged, axial, sectional view through the shell and lock mechanism
located within the outside knob and the shank thereof.
Fig. 12 is a view in elevation, looking from the right of Fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view at line b-b of Fig. 11, and
Fig. 14 is a like view at line c-c of the same fig.
Fig. 15 is an end elevation of Fig. 11 looking from the left.
Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts.
I is the shell, made of sheet metal, preferably steel, struck up in such a manner
as to form the entire shell in two portions. One of these portions is secured to
a face plate 2, and the other arranged to be secured in place by a screw 3, passing
into a stud 4. This stud 4, is slotted at two sides, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, acting
as a guide and stop for the bolt plate. 5 is a bolt plate, fitting within the shell 1,
and bearing a nose 6 therein, projecting through a perforation 7 in the face plate 2.
This nose terminates in a roller 8, pivotted in the top and bottom of the nose,
designed to strike the nose plate in the door frame when the door is closed and
receive the blow, readily turning and pressing the bolt inward, preventing undue
straining of the parts and friction thereon, and reducing the noise made to a minimum.
The plate 5 is cut out at its centre, as particularly illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. The
bolt plate bears a stud 9, near its inner end whereon is placed a friction roller 10.
The lower rear corner of the bolt plate 5 is cut away in such a manner that the
stud or stop 4 shall limit the inward movement of the said plate. The pin 11
limits the rotation of the hub bearing the finger 23, as said finger comes in contact
therewith when the plate 5 is thrown back. The said pin is fixed in the bolt plate 5.

page_text: 12 is a stud, secured to the shell 1, and 13 is a spring fixed to said stud, the free
end bearing against the nose piece and normally throwing the same outward.
15 is an eccentric ring mounted in a perforation in the shell 1. Upon its outer
face, this ring 15 is provided with notches 17, into which fit arms 18, projecting
inwardly from a ring 19, said ring bearing a manipulating arm, 20, arranged to
project from beneath the rose upon the inside of the door, as particularly illustrated
in Fig. 2 of the drawing. When the eccentric 15 is in the position indicated in
Fig. 6, the bolt plate is thrown downward in such a manner that the lower rear
corner comes in contact with the stud 4, and the bolt cannot be thrown back until
the eccentric is turned. If now the eccentric be turned a quarter of a revolution
towards the left, the bolt plate may be thrown out of contact with the stud 4, by
the turning of the knob spindle, as hereinafter described.
21, is a hub, provided with a square perforation in its center for the passage of
the knob spindle. At one side the periphery of the hub is cut away at 22, as
particularly shown in Figs. 5 and 8, in such a manner as to form a cavity into which
the friction wheel 10 and the stud 9 project when the bolt plate is pushed forward,
preventing the raising of the bolt plate, unless the bub is turned. Projecting from
the hub 21, is a finger 23, arranged to force the bolt plate backward by bearing
against the friction wheel when the hub is rotated by means of the knob spindle.
25 is the inner knob of the lock, passing through a rose 26, and held in place by
a collar 27, fixed upon the spindle 28. The inner extremity of the spindle is
notched, as at 29, and extends into the perforation in the hub 21, wherewith said
spindle engages. The rose 26, is perforated at 30, for the passage of the holding
screws, 31.
32 is a rose, arranged to be placed upon the exterior of the door 33.
This rose is provided with lugs 34, having screw-threaded perforations therein,
wherewith the screws, 31 engage.
35 is a shell, passing through the perforations in the rose 32, and to which the
knob 36 is secured. This shell is provided with a screw-thread 37 upon its interior
at the inner end, with which engages a perforated nut 38, holding the shell 35 into
the rose 32. Within this shell 35 is located a tube 39, bearing at the inner end a
knob spindle 40, having a coupling tongue 41 upon its inner extremity. The
spindle 40 and the tube 39 are normally thrown outward by a spring 42. One side
of the tube 39 is slotted at 43 and a feather 44, provided with notches 46 cut therein,
enters the slot 43, said feather being secured in or formed with the outer shell 35.
Within the tube 39, are placed a series of tumblers 46, each having a central slot
or perforation 47, and a notch 48 in the edge or periphery. Between the
tumblers 46, are placed rings or washers 49, each having a notch 50, in its periphery.
51 is a loose washer through which the key-hole passes from the exterior of the
lock mechanism. This key consists of a flat piece of metal. the inner part arranged
for coming in contact with the tumblers having both edges bent so as to form waves
therein, but said waves do not extend to the axis of the key. 52 is the key, having
curves or waves 53, at both edges, said key being arranged to pass into the slots
in the tumblers without turning, the position of the notches in the periphery of each
tumbler in relation to the feather 44, corresponds to the position into which each
tumbler is forced when the key is fully inserted. The exterior knob 36 is free to
revolve in the rose in either direction when the parts are in the position shown in
Figs. 1 and 2; but when the key is inserted and pressed inward, the notches in all of
the tumblers being brought in line upon the feather, the tube 39 is free to slide
inward carrying the spindle 40, until the tongue 41, enters the slot 29, in the inner
portion of the spindle, coupling the two parts together, and while in this position, the
turning of the exterior knob will cause the bolt to be withdrawn permitting the
opening of the door, if the eccentric 15 be located in the proper position to permit
the raising of the rear end of the bolt plate. As the key is drawn outward, it will
carry the tumblers back into engagement with the notches in the feather, and the
parts will resume the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the divided spindle being
uncoupled. By changing the number of tumblers and the curves in the key, and

page_text: varying the thickness of the separating washers, the number of different locks
which may be constructed upon this principle, may be infinitely varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I
claim is :-
1 In a lock, a bolt plate mounted within a shell and provided with a projecting
nose having a roller vertically pivoted therein, said plate extending at a right angle
to the face plate when the bolt is shot, and turning slightly divergent from a right
angle when free to move longitudinally, in combination with a stop fixed within the
Jock shell, said stop being slotted upon two of its sides for the reception of the bolt
plate, a spring for normally throwing the bolt outward, and mechanism for raising
the heel of the bolt plate out of engagement with the stop when the bolt is free to
move longitudinally.
2: The combination with the enclosing shell and bolt plate, of a stop fixed in
the shell, and an eccentric ring mounted in the knob spindle perforation, entering a
longitudinal slot in the bolt plate, and being provided with means for turning the
eccentric.
•
3: The combination with the bolt plate, a stop in the enclosing shell, and a
stud upon the bolt plate, of a hub for the reception of the knob spindle having one
edge cut away to receive the stud upon the bolt plate, whereby retraction of the
bolt plate is prevented until the plate is raised.
4: A stop in the enclosing shell, and a stud upon the bolt plate, and the bolt
plate, in combination with a hub for the reception of the knob spindle having one
edge cut away to receive the stud upon the bolt plate, said hub also bearing a finger
for throwing the bolt.
5-A bolt plate having a stud thereou bearing a friction roller, in combination
with the enclosing shell, a stop fixed within said shell, and a hub for the reception
of the knob spindle provided with a finger, and having one edge cut away for the
reception of the stud and friction roller upon the bolt plate.
6: In a lock, a divided spindle, one portion of which is fixed in engagement
with a knob and with mechanism for moving a bolt, the inner end of said spindle
being slotted, the other part of the spindle having a tongue upon its inner end, the
outer extremity being fixed to a tube wherein are located a series of tumblers and
washers, said tumblers being adapted and arranged to engage with a notched feather
fixed longitudinally in the outer knob, the outer portion of the spindle being free
to revolve with the knob, or adapted to move longitudinally and couple with the
inner portion of the spindle.
7: In a lock, a divided spindle, the inner portion of which is fixed in engage-
ment with a knob and connected to mechanism for moving a bolt, the outer portion
of the spindle being arranged to couple with the inner portion, and carrying a
locking device located within the outer knob, the locking mechanism being arranged
to move bodily with the attached spindle in a longitudinal direction when the key is
inserted.
8: The combination with the knob rotably mounted in a rose, of a longitudinally
movable spindle containing a series of tumblers having notches in their peripheries
and key slots in their centers, said tumblers being arranged to engage with a slotted
feather at the side of the enclosing shell, or be released therefrom and move with
the spindle.
9 The combination with the outer knob and its shank having an opening
therethrough into which projects a notched feather, of a longitudinally movable
tube located in said opening and having a slot in its periphery into which the
feather enters, a series of tumblers mounted in said tube, a series of washers
separating said tumblers, and a spindle connected to the movable tube.
10: The combination with a longitudinally movable knob spindle, wherein are
located a series of tumblers having central key slots, and notches at their

page_text: peripheries placed at different angles to the key slots, and with a notched feather
fixed in the knob surrounding said tumblers, of a fiat key, having waves or curves
in both its faces, whereby the notches in the tumblers are brought in line and the
tumblers caused to move upon the feather, without rotation.
Dated this 10th day of May 1892.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
Agents for the Applicant.