Improvements in the Manufacture of India Rubber Waterproof Fabrics, and in the Means or Apparatus Employed therein.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of India Rubber Waterproof
Fabrics, and in the Means or Apparatus Employed therein.
I THEODORE BIRNBAUM of Wick Lane Rubber Works, Bow, in the County
of Middlesex; India Rubber Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates more particularly to india rubber waterproofed fabrics
known in the trade as double textures and in the means or apparatus employed
therein.
In proofing double textures the usual method in vogue is as follows:-The fabric:
designed to form the outside of the double texture (called the tweed) is pasted to.
the fabric which is to form the innerside when waterproofed called the lining so as
to form one length. This length is run through the spreading machine and thus
receives a coat on tweed and lining the remainder of the rubber to be applied in
order to render it waterproof is then run on to the tweed, or lining in successive
coatings; or, in some instances, the coatings are continued to be run throughout the
entire length.
Thus you may have in a cloth for which 6 coatings are required to make it
proof, either 5 coats on the tweed and 1 on the lining; or 2' and 3; or 3 and 3;.
and so on at will.
These coated surfaces are then led, or taken to a doubling frame and pass around
and between the doubling rollers in such a manner that the rubber surfaces are
brought face to face and caused to adhere.
It will be readily understood that the greater the number of successive coatings.
that it is possible to run on one fabric the more uniform and free from flaws, or
pores, will be the rubber film produced and therefore the more waterproof:
It is my object to effect an economy of rubber and also to render possible the
use as linings of poor and open cloths without the corresponding loss of rubber
which would ensue with the use of ordinary methods.
I effect this as follows:-
I take the length of tweed to be coated; I run the whole weight of' rubber on
this alone when running the last coat I employ a good quality of dough commonly
known as a stripping or topping coat which completely fills up any pores that may
have been left in the "body" dough or mass of rubber. I then transfer or lead
this coated tweed to the doubling frame-whence I cause it to pass first over or iu
contact with a roller or its equivalent supplied with or revolving in naptha or other
equivalent rubber solvent' which application sufficiently moistens the surface of the
rubber and renders it soft and adhesive. Any excess of moisture is then removed
by a revolving doctor or other equalizer and the prepared rubber surface is then
brought into contact with the uncoated lining with which it passes between the
doubling rolls and to which it firmly adheres.
Any moisture which remains in the fabric is then allowed to evaporate and the
cloth may be stoved in the ordinary manner.
1 thus obtain a double texture fabric in which the rubber coating has been
applied to one face of the fabric only and thereby effect a considerable economy in
the weight of rubber required to effectually render it waterproof and in addition
to this I obtain a lining which although perfectly adhesive may be stripped away

page_text: from the tweed with great ease reducing the labour involved in the process of
making up and avoiding detriment or injury to the rubber coating which is apt to
occur to fabrics prepared in the ordinary manner.
Dated the 6th day of May 1896.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of India Rubber Waterproof
Fabrics, and in the Means or Apparatus Employed therein.
J THEODORE BIRNBAUM of Wick Lane Rubber Works, Bow, in the County
of Middlesex, India Rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates more particularly to india rubber waterproofed fabrics
known in the trade as double textures and the like and in the means or apparatus
employed therein.
In proofing double textures the usual method in vogue is as follows: The fabric
designed to form the outside of the double texture (called the tweed) is pasted to
the fabric which is to form the inner side when waterproofed called the lining so as
to form one length.
This length is run through the spreading machine and thus receives a coat on
tweed and lining-the remainder of the rubber to be applied in order to render it
waterproof is then run on to the tweed, or lining in successive coatings, or, in some
instances, the coatings are continued to be run throughout the entire length.
Thus you may have in a cloth for which 6 coatings are required to make it
proof, either 5 coats on the tweed and one on the lining; or two and three; or
three and three; and so on at will.
These coated surfaces are then led or taken to a doubling frame and pass around
and between the doubling rollers in such a manner that the rubber surfaces are
brought face to face and caused to adhere.
It will be readily understood that the greater the number of successive coatings
that it is possible to run on one fabric the more uniform and free from flaws, or
pores will be the rubber film produced and therefore the more waterproof.
It is my object to effect an economy of rubber and also to render possible the
ise as linings of poor and open cloths without the corresponding loss of rubber
which would ensue with the use of ordinary methods.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The drawing shows by a side view the main parts of a machine employed for
effecting the process when the united fabric is a "double" one.
1 effect this as follows:-
I take the length of tweed to be coated, I run the whole weight of rubber on
this alone, when running the last coat I employ a good quality of dough, commonly
known as a stripping or topping coat which completely fills up any pores that may
have been left in the "body" dough or mass of rubber. I then transfer or lead
this coated tweed to the doubling frame B being the proofed tweed-whence I
cause it to pass first over or in contact with a roller C or its equivalent supplied
with or revolving in naptha or other equivaleut rubber solvent which application
sufficiently moistens the surface R of the rubber and reuders it soft and adhesive..

page_text: Any excess of moisture is then removed by a revolving roller, (or rollers) or
"doctor" D covered with a suitable absorbent fabric such as cotton cloth or like
material or other equalizer and the prepared rubber surface is then brought into
contact with the uncoated lining B with which it passes between the doubling
rolls A, A' and to which it firmly adheres. E is the complete fabric.
In the case of two "spread," or rubber coated, fabrics being desired to be united
with one "raw," or uncoated fabric between them, provision would have to be made
for the respective "spread" or rubber coated fabrics to be wound each on a separate
roller B and passed over a solvent supply roller C and distending and surplus.
removing roller D and thence from (say) right and left hand respectively to and
between the "doubling" rollers A, A whilst the "raw" or uncoated fabric is
supported (say) above and is led to and passes between the coated fabrics and
becomes part of the united cloth.
It is important that no excess of moisture should be present on the surface of the
softened rubber which would, if rendered too sticky and soft be forced through
the interstices of the fabric forming the lining and so spoil the appearance of the.
finished fabric.
Any moisture which remains in the fabric is then allowed to evaporate and the
cloth may be stoved in the ordinary manner.
I thus obtain a double texture fabric in which the rubber coating has been.
applied to one face of the fabric only and thereby effect a considerable economy in
the weight of rubber required to effectually render it waterproof and in addition.
to this I obtain a lining which although perfectly adhesive may be stripped away
from the tweed with great ease reducing the labour involved in the process of
making up and avoiding detriment or injury to the rubber coating which is apt to.
occur to fabrics prepared in the ordinary manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of and means or apparatus for manufacturing double texture.
india rubber waterproof fabrics whereby one fabric previously "spread "or rubber
coated is passed into contact with and so as to be softened by a suitable solvent
and then pressed into adhesive contact with the other or lining fabric in its "raw"
or uncoated state, as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The manufacture of india rubber waterproof fabrics by bringing a "spread"
or rubber coated fabric, or fabrics, into contact with a softening or solvent fluid
and then passing said coated fabric, or fabrics, and a "raw" or uncoated fabric,..
between the rollers of a "doubling" frame to cause them to adhere and form one
united cloth, as set forth.
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WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.