AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR HATCHING EGGS BY MEANS OF COMPRESSED WATER (OR AIR) AND A REGULATOR CONSTRUCTEd to Maintain aNY DEGREE OF HEAT WITHIN 212o FAHRENHEIT
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Boyle at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th September
1872.
I, HENRY BOYLE, of 84, Albert Square, Clapham Road, London,
Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR HATCHING EGGS BY MEANS OF COMPRESSED WATER (OR
AIR) AND A REGULATOR CONSTRUCTEd to Maintain aNY DEGREE OF HEAT WITHIN
212º FAHRENHEIT," to be as follows :—
This Invention consists of a square box enclosing an inner wall
between which and the outer wall the usual non-conducting material is
placed; the lid also is thickly padded. The front side of the box is
represented by a door between which and the inner wall (3) remains a
space for the machinery and furnaces. Within the box and resting
upon a bottom raised some six inches from the bottom of the box is a
hollow double cylinder of metal (4) closed top and bottom of the walls
thereof, containing water between the inner and outer shell; three pipes
(5, 6, 7,) are passed through it as chimneys; there is a tap (8) in the top,
and a pipe (9) in the side, the side pipe (9) communicates with a

page_text: glass tube (10) bent to the form of a U with one side longer than
the other; attached by a piece of flexible tube (18) to tube (10) is
a slender glass tube bent up near the end (16) and ending in an open-
bulb (15); this bulb is suspended to one end of a balance (12), and a
weight (14) is hung upon the other end.
The machine being filled with water, mercury is poured into tube (10)
until the pressure of the water supports the mercury, which then rises in
tube (16) until balanced by the above mentioned weight; below a
portion is cut out of the inner wall of the box to the height of the
bottom of the cylinder, the cylinder being placed so that the three
furnace pipes (5, 6, 7,) are close to the front inner wall of the box.
For heating with oil two oil trays are attached to a sliding plate
of metal, one being fixed (20), the other (32) turning upon a pivot, and
so arranged that when pushed into their place the fixed tray shall be
under one chimney pipe, the other under two; a lever (25) is attached
to the pivot tray and to this a thread (19) is attached, which after
passing under a wheel (27) 'is fastened to tube (16); attached to the
pivot tray is a thread with a weight (28) passing over another wheel
(27); the tendency of this weight (28) is to pull the tray and with it
its lamp forward and away from the furnaces (21). When the heat
expanding the water drives the mercury towards the bulb, the weight at
the end of the lever (12) draws the lever down, upon which the strain
upon the lever end of the pivot tray being slackened the tray weight
(28) pulls the tray from under the furnace pipes, thereby cutting off the
heat. As the cylinder cools the mercury withdrawing enables the lever
weight (14) to lift the lever or balance which lifts the bulb, which draws
the lever of the pivot tray forward, thereby placing the lamps (22) again
under the furnaces, and so on. One or two lamps will be used on the
moveable tray according to the heat required.
For gas the pivot of the upper balance is the tap of the gas (13), and
as it rises and falls it regulates the supply of flame to fixed burners
below; the interior of the cylinder may contain circular moveable trays
(34) for eggs, with a hole for the hand (35) through the middle; and the
outside may be mounted with moveable trays on three sides (36).
Beneath is a heated chamber for chickens (30), of which the floor is a
hollow plate of metal containing water receiving heat by means of a pipe
from the chamber above; the pipe rises from the plate, passes through

page_text: the chamber, and returns to the plate; ventilation and moisture are
provided by apertures and trays of water covered with gauze.
The chimneys are carried through the lid of the box (33), and in the
chimney is a tube (39) to economise heat by causing the heat (the
mouth of the chimney being closed by the tube) to descend until it
finds an orifice near the bottom of the tube. Attached to the inner wall
is a chimney (17) to receive the lamps when pushed from under the
cylinder. The stationary lamp is for winter use or when great heat is
required. The thermometer (2) is let into the lid; there are two small
springs which regulate the action of pipe (16), as otherwise the
mercury would rise and fall too fast..
This Invention will include compressed air as an inferior substitute
for water in the same machino;. the sides and top of the box inside may
or may not be warmed by water in contact with the outside of the
cylinder (4). The whole of the mechanical design of the above is
applicable to a large chamber for incubating eggs for heating which
with hot water the water would be contained within the central part of
the cylinder, and would circulate through the sides of the cylinder; to
set it the heat is raised to the wished degree and mercury added or
abstracted at pleasure, as necessary; a rim round the top of the
cylinder (38) contains water or eggs; a shield from the bottom of the
cylinder protects the chicken chamber from the furnace. (11) is hinge
of door, (24) support of fixed tray, (26) strengthening stays, (29) turned
up edge of sliding tray, (31) projecting side for the door to close against,
(33) chimney holes through the lid.