matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC APPARATUS FOR HOISTING, LIFTING, AND PRESSING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christian Schiele at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th November
1863.
I, CHRISTIAN SCHIELE, of Clarence Buildings, in the City of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC APPARATUS FOR HOISTING, LIFTING,
AND PRESSING," to be as follows:-
I employ the direct pressure of a column of water distributed under a
piston or a plunger to hoist, lift, or press. I lead the water from a cistern or
from waterworks by means of pipes under the piston or plunger of sufficient
diameter to produce the required pressure. A cock turns on and shuts off
the water supply. By closing this cock, and by opening another, which
communicates with a cistern at a lower elevation than the original source of
supply, water will be discharged into the lower cistern. I sometimes use
more than one piston or plunger to obtain greater power.
I sometimes hoist goods a greater distance by multiplying motion, and,
instead of using a break when lowering them, employ the goods to force the
water up into a cistern, which water would again serve for hoisting, whereby
great economy of the water is the result. In like manner I apply pressure,
for instance, to hydraulic, lithographic, and other presses. I sometimes employ
cisterns placed at different heights, filling them in succession by the discharge
water from under the piston or plunger according to the pressure at the time,
and in hoisting or pressing again I use the lowest cistern first, then the higher,

page_text: and so on; lastly the pressure from the original source of supply. If this is
not sufficient, I connect a centrifrugal pump or series of pumps, through
which I allow water under the highest available pressure to pass, and by
turning these pumps by power I obtain the additional pressure required.
Sometimes I let the cisterns be provided with valves, which admit the water
into them, but which must be lifted before letting water out again. I some-
times attach a cock or valve with several waterways; by turning the cock or
valve from one mark on a dial to another, the different cisterns may be brought
in succession in connection with the piston or plunger. Measuring the pressure
of water required for hoisting at a given speed by a pressure indicator made
for the purpose will give the weight hoisted. Sometimes, instead of the
piston or plunger and cylinder, I use an elastic chamber, such as is described
in the Provisional Specification of my Invention of Improvements in
Turbines, of the 7th July 1868."
"
IM- PROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macintosh at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th February
1863.
I, JOHN MACINTOSH, of North Bank, Regent's Park, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
This Invention is intended when required to dispense with the time
occupied in first generating steam of sufficient pressure to put machinery in
motion, and to give increased power and velocity to steam vessels; also
instantly to obtain power to work fire engines, and consists in the rapid gene.
ration of power by the aid of oxygenous fuel, composed either of collodion,
coke, coal, wood, nitrate of soda, or coke and nitrate of potash; in some cases
sulphur may be used, or the chloride of potash, and, if desired put into
form with adhesive substances, such as mineral or vegetable pitch, resins,
paraffine, gutta percha, caoutchouc, or glue. The prepared fuel is put
into closed tubes or furnaces, with valves for the escape of the gaseous pro-
ducts of the combustion, which may be used alone or in combination with
steam, air, or other fluids in giving motion to machinery.
This oxygenous fuel may be put into ordinary steam boilers, which fuel
when ignited instantly produces power to give motion to engines, or it may
be used for other purposes where immediate power is required, or as an
auxiliary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING MULES FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Scowcroft Lowe and John
Cheetham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 18th June 1863.
We, WILLIAM SCOWCROFT LOWE, of Disley, in the County of Chester, and
JOHN CHEETHAM, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING MULES FOR
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved arrangement of mechanism for
regulating the tension of the yarn during the winding on or formation of the
bottom of the cop. The screw of the quadrant is turned by bevil wheels, put
in motion by a band or chain acted upon by a governor lever on the carriage
in the usual way, but the governor lever is raised as required by the following
arrangement whilst the bottom of the cop is being wound on the spindle. In
bearings in the governor lever we place a shaft having fixed to it an eccentric or
cam pulley and tooth wheel, and we encircle the pulley with a chain attached at
its ends to the arms of the faller and counterfaller, or to other arms fixed to
the shafts. The toothed wheel gears into a pinion connected to a toothed
wheel, which gears into a pinion connected to a ratchet wheel working loose
on the shaft of the pulley, so that when revolving motion is given to the ratchet
wheel a slow motion is given to the pulley by means of the gearing. To the
governor lever is jointed an arm carrying a ratchet or propeller, which enters
the teeth of the ratchet wheel and gives it motion when the arm and ratchet
are raised, and a catch is employed to prevent any return movement of the
wheel. On the arm there is a lever, having at the bottom a curve or incline

page_text: which comes in contact with a projection on the frame of the headstock when
the carriage has nearly arrived out, and gives the arm and ratchet the required
upward motion for moving the ratchet wheel the distance of one or more
teeth. The chain connecting the fallers and governor lever is always the
same length, and at the commencement of winding the shorter radius of the
eccentric or cam pulley is at the bottom, and allows the governor lever to
descend to its lowest position and act upon the screw of the quadrant, but as
the winding proceeds the eccentric or cam pulley is slowly turned and raises
the
governor lever, which only falls when the slackness of the yarn requires it ;
and when the bottom of the cop is formed, the larger radius of the eccentric
or cam pulley is at the bottom, which raises the governor lever to its highest
position, and prevents further action upon the screw of the quadrant, and at
the same time the lever on the arm is raised by an eccentric or tappet out of
the way of the projection on the headstock, in order to prevent further action
on the ratchet wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hill and William Ridings
Hill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 8th April 1868.
We, GEORGE HILL and WILLIAM RIDINGS HILL, both of Bolton, in the
County of Lancaster, Boiler Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in forming in the internal flues of steam boilers one
or more watertight compartments which act as stays, and also provide
additional heating surface. For a boiler with a single internal flue we cause
the flamo and heated gases after they have passed the bridge to pass through
an opening to the bottom and return to the front end of the boiler, and then
pass along the sides to passages or openings leading to a chamber in the flue
bounded by two watertight compartments, from which chamber the flame and
gases pass to the bottom, and then along the sides into the back part of the
flue from whence they return at one side of a midfeather to the other side
and proceed onward to the chimney. Or instead of passing the flame and
heated gases after they have passed the bridge through a passage leading to
the bottom and then along the sides they may pass along the sides and return
along the bottom. For a boiler having two or more internal flues we use
similar watertight compartments, and pass the flame and heated gases through
flues at the sides and bottom to the chimney.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE CASTINGS FOR GAS, WATER, SANITARY AND OTHER GENERAL PURPOSES, AND THE INTRODUCTION OF AN ELASTIC CHEMICAL COMPOUND TO FORM EXPANSIVE JOINTS THERETO FOR PREVENTION OF LEAKAGE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick George Mulholland at
the Offico of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th August 1863.
I, FREDERICK GEORGE MULHOLLAND, of No. 36, Essex Street, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE CASTINGS FOR GAS, WATER, SANITARY AND OTHER
GENERAL PURPOSES, AND THE INTRODUCTION OF AN ELASTIC CHEMICAL COMPOUND TO
FORM EXPANSIVE JOINTS THERETO FOR PREVENTION OF LEAKAGE," to be as
follows:-
I cause the pipes to be cast straight and of uniform diameter throughout
(the ordinary enlargement for jointing being dispensed with, and in lieu
thereof a collar run loose into position over each junction). The pipes are
tapered or halved into each other (in the thickness of the metal only) at either
end, so that when laid each pipe overlaps its neighbour, and in case of ex-
pansion or contraction there is always ample room for play in the junction
without reducing the diameter or strength of the pipe ends. Over each junction
pass a hollow collar rimmed (singly or doubly) inside to retain the elastic
composition in position where required, and through a cup or orifice therein
I pour the compound in a fluid or semi-fluid state.
I
In preparing such composition I ordinarily and preferentially use the

page_text: following materials in varying proportions to suit the climatic temperature of the
countries or localities wherein pipe-laying works are to be executed, viz. :—
For Low Temperatures and for High Temperatures.
Vulcanized india-rubber 60.0 to 80·0 per centum.
Resin and tallow
Shoddy or fluff
- 35.0
10.0
"
- 3.5
7.5
"
Prepared phosphorous
1.5
2.5
"
100.0
100.0
or I introduce and use other compounds or compositions having similar elastic
and preservative properties.
In preparing the aforesaid compounds or compositions, I subject and expose
the ingredients in a proper vessel for 4 or 5 hours to a temperature of from
260° F. to 290° F., and when the other materials are thoroughly incorporated
and slightly cooled, I add the prepared phosphorus to prevent the decom-
position of the caoutchouc therein.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CUTTING OR FINISHING MATTING AND SIMILAR FABRICS, AND IN THE MACHINERY USED THEREFOR
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Fleming at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th September
1863.
I, ANDREW FLEMING, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Mat Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CUTTING OR FINISHING MATTING AND SIMILAR FABRICS, AND IN THE
MACHINERY USED THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the cutting or finishing of matting, such as is
made of or from cocoa-nut fibre and other generally similar materials. After
the matting is woven or otherwise produced the loops thereon must be cut to
a uniform level or surface to produce the required "pile" or elastic covering.
According to this Invention the mat or mats, supposing the fabrics to be
strung or attached together in an endless belt or chain, is or are carried upon
a pair of end rollers or horizontal carriers. Near to the front roller or carrier
there is disposed a horizontal shaft, having fitted to it a barrel or cutting wheel
to which are attached a series of cutting knives or blades inclined to an angle
with the axis of the shaft; this barrel is arranged to traverse along the shaft as
well as rotate with it. This longitudinal movement is obtained by means of a
screw or slide, which is worked by the attendant so as to cause the barrel to
traverse over the surface of the matting at the required speed. On the slide
is fitted a stationary blade or knife against which those on the barrel operate
in manner similar to the action of a pair of scissors. The blades on the barrel
are fitted with adjusting screws or other equivalent contrivance, so that they
may be set accurately to work in conjunction with the blade on the slide, and

page_text: thus effect a clean cut. To the end of the stationary knife is fitted a guide
which consists of a blade or narrow piece of steel that serves to press and
direct the fibres of the matting into a position suitable for being cut by the
knives on the rotatory barrel. The horizontal shaft is caused to revolve at a
high rate of speed, whilst the matting or web of matting traverses over the
rollers or carriers at a slow rate to allow of the operation of the cutters upon
the loops or the surface material of the fabric. The cutting wheel or barrel is
actuated by means of a treadle worked by the foot of the attendant, and the
crank shaft of the treadle by means of a pair of bevel wheels and a worm
and wheel or other gearing is itself the prime mover, causing the slow traverse
of the fabric. As the matting slowly passes within range of the action of the
cutting barrel the latter shaves off the loops or inequalities of the surface,
and makes the matting perfectly even.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FUSEES OR MATCHES EMPLOYED TO LIGHT CIGARS AND PIPES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Joseph Simlick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
November 1863.
I, HENRY JOSEPH SIMLICK, of Old Ford Road, Bow, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FUSEES OR MATCHES EMPLOYED TO LIGHT CIGARS
AND PIPES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in making the stems of fusees of wire covered with
any fibrous substance or material either separately or in combination with a
plastic material or gummy substance mixed with any coloring matter; for
example, I take a piece of wire and surround same with thread, cotton, or
other fibrous material, and then dip the same in colored liquid gum or clay
or other substance that is a good non-conductor of heat; I then dip the wires
thus prepared in the lighting composition, as usually practised, and the fusee
is ready for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING A REGULAR SUPPLY OF AIR OR AERIFORM FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Stevens at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1863.
I, GEORGE STEVENS, of Victoria Terrace, Camberwell, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING A REGULAR SUPPLY OF AIR OR AERIFORM
FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Within a suitable outer chamber I apply an internal vessel which is affixed
to an axis carried by the outer chamber, and is formed into one or more
spiral chambers or compartments somewhat as the thread or the threads of a
screw with inlet and outlet passages. The outer chamber is partly filled with
water or other fluid, which also partly fills the chamber of the internal vessel,
and this outer chamber is also provided with inlet and outlet passages, the
latter passing to within the inner vessel. Motion being given to the internal
vessel by a pulley and weighted cord or band, or by suitable wheelwork air
will flow in by the inlet passages, and be conducted along the internal screw-
like chamber or chambers to the outlet passage, and thence by suitable pipes
or conduits it may be conducted in a uniform stream for various purposes,
such as for the supply of atmospheric air to the photogenic gas light, or for
supplying air to apartments and other places. The speed and consequent
pressure of the current may be varied by adjustment of the power employed
to give motion to the internal vessel. And in like manner may other aeriform
fluids be acted upon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS' LAMPS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Bourne, of Whitehaven, in the County of
Cumberland, Colliery Viewer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MINERS' LAMPS."
Sealed the 30th June 1863, and dated the 7th May 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Bourne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th May
1863.
I, PETER BOURNE, of Whitehaven, in the County of Cumberland, Colliery
Viewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MINERS' LAMPS," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the lamp known as the "Davy safety lamp," and
consist of means for extinguishing the light of the lamp in the act of opening the
lamp, and before the wire gauze covering can be removed from the lamp.
For this purpose I attach to the lamp near to the wick-holder an apparatus
consisting of one or more levers mounted on a suitable fulcrum, bearing or
bearings, and which apparatus is capable of being depressed on the wick by
the act of removing the wire gauze covering.
This apparatus is by the action of a suitable spring or springs, or by the
weight of the short end of the lever or levers aforesaid, or by both of such

page_text: means, kept out of the way of the ignited wick so long as the gauze covering
remains on the lamp, or when the gauze covering is being placed on the
lamp, but as soon as any attempt is made to remove the gauze covering
one or more small projecting piece or pieces attached to the mounting of
the gauze covering is forced under the short arm of the lever (or of each
of the levers, if more than one), which short arm is thereby and by the
unscrewing of the gauze covering elevated, and thus the other end of such
lever (or levers) is depressed on the wick, and so the wick is pressed down,
and the light becomes extinguished.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN COLOURING MATTERS KNOWN AS PRUSSIAN BLUE, BERLIN BLUE, PARIS BLUE, CHINA BLUE, AND TURNBULLS' BLUE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Hallsworth and Thomas
Platt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 20th August 1863.
We, SAMUEL HALLSWORTH, of Elland, near Halifax, in the County of
York, and THOMAS PLATT, of Fairfield, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN COLOURING MATTERS KNOWN AS PRUSSIAN
BLUE, BERLIN BLUE, PARIS BLUE, CHINA BLUE, AND TURNBULLS' BLUE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment of the sediments, waste, or refuse
from or residum after the manufacture of copperas and alum, that is to say,
the sediment of the "evaporating pans" or "liquor boilers," also the sediment
of the "crystallizing coolers" or vats, and also the "mother liquors" re-
maining in the said vats after the copperas has crystallized out.
To the aforesaid sediments we add the prussiates of potash, or soda, or other
salts. The sediments are diluted with water in a vessel, and the salts are
dissolved with water in another vessel, then the two solutions are mixed
together, when precipitation takes place, and the liquid is removed. The
residum when dried is prussian blue, or one of the other blues above named,
according to the quality or kind of prussiate or salt used.
CERTAIN IM- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MECHANISM FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Bramall, of Newton, near Warrington, in
the County of Lancaster, Agent, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MECHANISM FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING
MOTIVE POWER."
Sealed the 24th June 1864, and dated the 28th December 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Bramall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
December 1863.
I, EDWIN BRAMALL, of Newton, near Warrington, in the County of
Lancaster, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MECHANISM FOR OBTAINING AND
APPLYING MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to apparatus which is designed for the purpose of
obtaining increased motive power from any prime mover, and for obtaining a
rotatory from a reciprocating motion. The apparatus consists of a drum or
pulley mounted on a shaft, having a crank at one end, which is connected by
means of a rod to another shorter crank on a shaft driving a second pulley.
The first pulley is caused to partake of a semi-rotatory motion by means of a
crossed band passing round its periphery, each end being connected to a

page_text: forked lever, which may be caused to reciprocate to and fro, either by hand
or other means; by this arrangement of mechanism the longest crank will
be caused simply to vibrate, but the second crank being shorter than the first
a complete revolution of the second will be effected, and thus a rotatory
motion will be obtained from a reciprocating motion, and a considerable
amount of power will be gained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FEEDING TROUGHS FOR SHEEP AND OTHER CATTLE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sainty at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th January
1863.
I, JOHN SAINTY, of Burnham, in the County of Norfolk, Agricultural
Implement Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FEEDING TROUGHS FOR SHEEP AND OTHER CATTLE," to be as
follows:-
According to my Invention I make the body of the trough of galvanized
sheet iron which I bend of a cylindrical form, but use only a section thereof,
embracing rather more than half the circumference; this body I mount
between two cast-iron ends having suitable grooves or projections to receive
the ends of the body; these ends are connected by stretcher bolts, which
connect the whole firmly together. I dispose one stretcher below the bottom
of the trough while the other two pass through beads turned on the edges of
the troughs which thereby form round lips or edges thereto. Suitable feet
are rivetted on to the ends to raise the trough from the ground. By forming
the trough of rather more than half a cylinder the upper part or edges are
turned inwards, which prevent the sheep or other cattle from dispersing the
food over the edges and also prevents the wind blowing it out. Stays are
placed across the mouth, which serve for hand-holds, and also to prevent the
cattle dispersing the food and throwing it out, the ends of these stays pass
through just below the beaded edges over which they are turned and bind the
sheet iron on the stays.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARTICLES OF DRESS KNOWN AS COLLARS, CUFFS, WRISTBANDS, SHIRT FRONTS, HABIT SHIRTS, AND PETTICOATS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Percy Addison Cole at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
January 1863.
I, PERCY ADDISON COLE, of Croydon Street, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARTICLES OF DRESS KNOWN AS COLLARS, CUFFS, WRISTBANDS, SHIRT FRONTS, HABIT
SHIRTS, AND PETTICOATS," to be as follows:-
Having treated india-rubber or gutta percha so as to bring the same to a
white state, which I can do for instance by the use of magnesia or by the
process known as Doctor Cattel's process for purifying india-rubber or gutta
percha, I then stamp, cut, mould, or form the india-rubber or gutta percha
treated so as to be brought to a white state into any of the above-mentioned
articles of dress according to the fashion required, and stamp or place upon
the same lines or dots representing stitching, or devices or ornamentation of
any kind.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS FOR HOSE PIPES, AND ALSO IN CONNECTING AXLES TO THE NAVES OR BOSSES OF WHEELS,
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
June 1863. A communication from abroad by Edmund Blodget
Jucket, of the City and County of New Haven, State of Connecticut,
United States of America.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123 Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS FOR HOSE PIPES, AND ALSO
IN CONNECTING AXLES TO THE NAVES OR BOSSES OF WHEELS," a communication to
me from abroad by Edmund Blodget Jucket, of the City and County of New
Haven, State of Connecticut, United States of America, to be as follows:-
The hose of leather, india-rubber, or other material is placed over the
short pipe or neck of the coupling in the usual manner, but over the hose I
place a cut ring, which can be expanded or contracted. The exterior of the
ring is conical, and has a thread or screw cut upon it, which fits a nut having
a corresponding incline and thread in its interior. The nut and ring are
first placed over the hose, which is then pushed on the neck of the coupling,
after which the ring is slipped over the neck to the side of the coupling, and
the nut is screwed on the ring, the effect of which is to contract the ring.
around the hose and bind it firmly to the neck of the coupling. The hose
is easily detached from the coupling when required by unscrewing the nut
and allowing the ring to expand by the opening of the cut. In another
arrangement the two necks of a double coupling are inserted in the ends.

page_text: of the two pieces of hose which are to be coupled together. The outer end of
one neck is enlarged and fits a socket in the other neck. In the socket part
are hung one or more levers having inclined sides, which levers are acted
on by projections or cams on a ring fitting the two ends of the coupling.
Around the part which fits the socket is formed a groove having one of its
sides inclined to correspond with the inclination of the sides of the levers. In
order to unite the two parts together, the socket part is placed over the other
part, and the ring is turned so that its projections shall act on the levers,
and force their inclines into the groove before mentioned, and force the end
of one part of the coupling in close contact with the other part, or with any
packing that may be placed between them. This latter arrangement is
applicable to wheels and axles. The socket is placed on the nave or axle,
and the other part made to fit it, and be acted upon by a ring and levers
similar to those just described.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN RAILWAY WRAPPERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Lange at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th October
1863.
I, DANIEL LANGE, of 5, Trinity Square, Tower Hill, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN RAILWAY WRAPPERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a method of arranging the article known by the
name of railway wrapper in such a manner that it may serve either as a
wrapper for which it is originally intended or as a cape. This is affected in.
the following manner :-In about the middle of the said wrapper an opening
is cut diagonally in the direction of two opposite corners about 10 or 12 inches
long. From the middle of this said opening another opening is cut at right
angles with the first in the direction of one of the other corners and of:
about 8 or 10 inches in length, so that the entire opening will form the shape.
somewhat of the capital letter T, and admit a convenient passage for the head.
This said opening is then braided and supplied with studs or buttons and
button-holes, the braiding being the same inside and outside so as to admit
of either side being turned outward.
Wrappers made of double material are provided with a pocket or pockets.
by cutting an opening in one of the two materials over or about the chest or
other convenient place, and the pocket or pockets formed by stitching together
the two materials in a semicircular line below the last-named opening, this
also being braided to correspond.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING COTTON FOR THE OPERATIONS OF SPINNING AND WEAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Holcroft at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd February
1863.
I, GEORGE HOLCROFT, of the City of Manchester, Consulting Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PREPARING COTTON FOR THE OPERATIONS OF SPINNING AND WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in subjecting the lap of cotton pro-"
duced by the blower, or the slivers produced on the carding engine and drawing
frame, or the rovings produced on the slubbing, intermediate, and roving frames,
or the yarn when spun on the mule or throstle, or any of them, to the action of
steam for the purpose of rendering the cotton pliable, and in a better con-
dition for being worked than it is when operated upon in the usual manner.
The steaming may be effected by admitting the steam to the slivers while they
are in the cans, or the laps and bobbins with the fleece, slivers, slubbings,
rovings, or yarn may be put into a closed vessel to which the steam is intro-
duced; or the fleece, slivers, slubbings, or rovings, may pass through or over
steam in a chest or otherwise before entering between the feeding or drawing
rollers of the machine to which they are being supplied or through which
they are passing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wilson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th December
1863.
I, GEORGE WILSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Power Loom Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows, that is to
Say:-
This Invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving fabrics such
as muslin or leno curtains in which jacquard apparatus is used to produce &
figuring of weft, and acts on only one half or other portion of the warps for
that purpose.
In one modification of apparatus embodying the improvements a "Crossley"
or other suitable "double lift," jacquard machine is employed. The figuring
is effected by one lifter only, which acts in concert with the jacquard barrel
and derives its movements through levers and connecting links from a wiper
or cam driven so as to make one revolution for every four picks. The cam is
shaped so as to keep the flowering shed open during two picks whilst the
figuring weft passes across and back again, and during the third pick another
wiper or cam, by levers and connecting links, raises the other lifter, but the
jacquard barrel does not act for this pick, and as any tails or wires the hori-
zontal needles of which are not acted on by a jacquard card are lifted; the
whole of the warps acted on by the harness are lifted at this pick, thereby
forming a plain shed. For the fourth pick another plain shed is formed by a

page_text: single leaf of heddles or healds acting on those warp threads which are not
acted on by the harness, such leaf of heddles being actuated by means of a
third wiper or cam. The wiper or cam first mentioned then opens the next
flowering shed and the weaving actions are repeated.
In another modification a "single lift" jacquard machine is used, being
worked by a wiper or cam shaped to first raise the lifter and keep it up during
two picks for the flowering shed, for which the jacquard barrel acts on the
needles. The lifter then descends and rises again for the third pick, for which
it forms a plain shed, as the needles are not then acted on by the jacquard
barrel. The lifter descends and remains down during the fourth pick, when
the alternate plain shed is formed by means of a leaf of heddles as in the first
modification.
The details of the improved arrangements may be modified in various ways
so as to suit several varieties of the same class of fabric. Thus for example a
flowering shed may be formed between every single plain shed, or at any other
desired interval, by suitably shaping the principal and other wipers or cams
and driving them at a speed to suit; or different sets of wipers or cams may be
provided with shifting gear for putting one or other set into gear as required
and by means of a pattern wheel or chain. If the improvements are applied to
a loom with shifting shuttle boxes at both sides, and in which single picks of
the different wefts can be thrown, the flowering shed will not require to be.
kept open during more than one pick.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SUPPORTING SCREENS AND STRAW-SHAKERS SPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO THRESHING MACHINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Pellew Plenty and William
Pain at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 5th March 1863.
We, EDWARD PELLEW PLENTY and WILLIAM PAIN, of Newbury, in the County
of Berkshire, Agricultural Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SUPPORTING SCREENS AND STRAW-SHAKERS
SPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO THRESHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This improvement consists in supporting screens and straw-shakers upon
springs rigidly fixed at one or both ends, in lieu of the vibrating rods hereto-
fore employed for that purpose. This improvement is applicable to screens
generally, but is specially applicable to the screens and straw-shakers of
threshing machines.
A NEW COMBINED RANGE FOR MAKING GAS, COOKING BY GAS, AND LIGHTING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE FOR SHIPS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Hancock at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the 23rd March
1863.
I, HENRY HANCOCK, of 208, High Street, Southwark, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
COMBINED RANGE FOR MAKING GAS, COOKING BY GAS, AND LIGHTING, ESPECIALLY
APPLICABLE FOR SHIPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the combining in one arrangement the
making of gas, cooking by gas, and lighting, and consists in building a range,
as shewn on Drawing, Fig. 1, where this range is represented suitable for a
large ship. It will be seen that the cooking apparatus is situated on the
upper or main deck, and the gasometer is shewn on lower deck; it is obvious
this Invention can be applied to a ship of any number of decks, the only
alteration being addition to length of piping.
In order that my Invention may be more clearly understood, I will now
proceed to describe the annexed Drawing..
a, a, shews the position of coppers; b, b, hot plates; c, refuse receiver;
d, feed pipe for the passing of fat; e, egress pipe passing to rectifier m;
f, retort; g, furnace; h, h, h, h, ovens; the letters i indicate the several gas
taps or cocks; k, boilers; 1, 1, gasometers; m, rectifier; n, conveying pipo to
gasometer; o, main cocks; p, p, ingress pipes; 9, 9, egress pipes; r, r, pipes
and burners, to which are shewn reflectors attached; 8, 8, 8, 8, are pillars and
bands for swinging gasometers, to prevent the discharge of gas from the ship's

page_text: rolling. Fig. 2, feeder for passing material to be burnt, such as rope ends, oil
waste, and the like. This feeder is applied when d, the feed pipe, is removed,
as the feed pipe d is only for the passage of fat.
The gasometers are shewn on Drawing as swinging from pillars; they may
in some cases be made to rest or swing from strong arms or levers fixed on
cross beams, or otherwise. Elastic or spring bands may be used for the
steadying of gasometers, or any other contrivance to affect the same purpose,
as circumstances may require or be found necessary.
I do not confine myself to the size of gasometer shewn, as it may be
enlarged or diminished as required. The gasometer is formed with an outer
and inner case, so that when the inner caso is filled, the inner case rises, and
is thus enlarged.
Amongst the advantages to be derived from this Invention are the using
and burning of cook's refuse, old rope, canvass, and ship's waste in general.
The gas made from these materials is incombustible, and will be found
economic, and conducing greatly to the comfort of the ship.
This Invention can be made also applicable to houses or other structures,
only differing in detail as to arranging in floors instead of decks, or be built
outside the house with connecting tubing.
A PLATE HOLDER FOR THE PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA ADAPTED TO CARRY DIFFERENT SIZED PLATES, EACH PLATE BEING ON THE SAME PLANE, AND IN THE SAME FOCUS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Pegram at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd August
1863.
I, THOMAS PEGRAM, of No. 22, Cardington Street, in the Parish of Saint
Pancras, in the County of Middlesex, Photographic Artist, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A PLATE HOLDER FOR THE PHOTOGRAPHIC
CAMERA ADAPTED TO CARRY DIFFERENT SIZED PLATES, EACH PLATE BEING ON THE SAME
PLANE, AND IN THE SAME FOCUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use of two moveable slips of wood or other
material or materials to carry different sized plates instead of the usual carriers.
Two pieces of grooved wood, or other material or materials, are fitted into the
camera back or dark slide, in the top and bottom, or in the sides, in which
grooves two strips of wood or other material or materials are fitted, having the
sides towards the centre curved or straight, or notched and rabbited, if notched
they can either be rabbited or have wire attached. The strips move in the
grooves, and can be drawn together or extended according to the size of the
plate so as to receive the plate in the rabbits or on the wires as the case may
be. The slips may be made to slide either by hand or by means of a left and
right screw. If made to slide by hand a piece of elastic or a spring fixed on
the top or at each end of each slip will hold the slips in position. A spring
fixed upon the door of the dark slide, so as when the door is closed to press
lightly upon the plates, will keep them in focus.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PAVING ROADS OR WAYS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th September 1863.-A communication from abroad by Louis Victor
Fortin, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of
No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PAVING ROADS OR WAYS," (a communication to me from abroad by
Louis Victor Fortin, of Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to form a roadway, street, or other pave-
ment, which shall not be liable to present inequalities of level, forming pools
of water in wet weather, which shall give a better foothold, and from which
the rain water may more easily filter than from ordinary pavement. It is
proposed to make blocks of asphalte or any suitable paving material, or to cut
blocks of stone into such shape, that they will key into each other when laid
to form a pavement, and present one perfect whole, each part of which will
be dependent on the other. In laying a roadway, the blocks which come next
to the curb will usually present but one projection near the top or bottom of
one of its sides, which projection will either be carried on or carry one of the
projections of the block which follows it in the direction of the centre of the
roadway, this second block will usually have the form of two squares, place.
one above the other, but projecting beyond each other, so as to form two open
and two full spaces, a number of these blocks overlapping and underlapping

page_text: each other, may extend across the roadway to the opposite curb, and be there
keyed with another block, having only one projection; but if the projection of
the block placed next the curb on one side is at, top, the projection of the one
next the curb on the other side will be at the bottom, or the two blocks next
the curb may be alike and laid the same way, and other blocks overlapping
and underlapping each other be placed alongside of them up to the crown of
the causeway, where the whole will be keyed by a stone or block of suitable
material cut or formed in dovetail. It will be evident that the shape of the
blocks may vary infinitely, but always so that when laid one block will
support and maintain the position of another on the bed or concrete when the
whole .is.fixed by. the key stone, and no cement need be used to fill up the
interstices.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS AND ORDNANCE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Stephen Melland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
November 1863. - A communication from abroad by Jacob Snider,
Jun., now residing at the Hotel de France, Rue de Provence, Paris,
France.
I, GEORGE STEPHEN MELLAND, of Lime Street, in the City of London,
Gun Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS AND ORDNANCE," (communi-
cated to me from abroad by Jacob Snider, Jun., now residing at the Hotel
de France, Rue de Provence, Paris, France,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of improvements in the details or parts of breech-
loading fire-arms, for which Letters Patents were granted to Alfred Vincent
Newton, on the 1st April 1857, No. 907, being communicated to him from
abroad by William Montgomery Storm, of New York; and also to improve-
ments upon the same Invention, for which Letters Patent were granted
to William Montgomery Storm, dated 29th November 1860, No. 2933.
The Invention primarily refers to the arrangements for locking and securing
the movable breech-piece or charge chamber.
The first part of the Invention, then, consists in holding and securing
the breech-piece in place by a self-acting latch bolt centered in such manner
that the bolt takes into an aperture provided for its reception so soon as the
breech-piece is pressed down by the hand. On the discharge of the arm the
hammer in falling and striking the nipple comes so near to one end of the

page_text: lever to which the latch bolt is attached as to prevent the bolt leaving the
aperture into which it entered when the breech was closed. The breech is
unlocked by pressing a button on the lever in the contrary direction to
that in which it was struck by the hammer, and the breech is raised by the
hand.
The second part of the Invention consists in making the fire communication
central to the charge chamber. I form a groove or cavity around the point of
ingress within the chamber at the largest diameter thereof for containing
atmospheric air, and which is not closed by the cartridge on its introduction.
By this arrangement all fragments of the old cartridge or wad are expelled at
each discharge of the arm.
The third part of the Invention consists in forming the hinge and breech in
one piece and in making the hole for the hinge pin oval.
The fourth part of the Invention consists in forming an aperture closed by
a screw on the under surface of the breech for the introduction of lubricating
material into the valve chamber.
The improvements herein-before described are equally applicable to
ordnance.
AN IM- PROVED MODE OR METHOD OF STORING PETROLEUM AND OTHER LIKE OILS AND SPIRITS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Banner at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
October 1863.
I, SAMUEL BANNER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, General
Broker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED MODE OR METHOD OF STORING PETROLEUM AND OTHER LIKE OILS AND
SPIRITS," to be as follows:-
The class of hydrocarbons comprising petroleum, paraffine, rock, well, shale,
tar, pitch, and other oils of similar nature, and the "spirits" from these oils
or substances, and other spirits such as turpentine, naptha, and benzine, are
usually imported and contained in casks or vessels mainly constructed of
timber, and as such casks or vessels with scarcely any exceptions allow the oils
and spirits to leak therethrough to the loss of the owner of the oils or spirits,
to the causing of a nuisance to persons residing in a district where such oils
or spirits are stored, by its or their vaporization at ordinary atmospheric
temperatures, and the escape of such vapours into the air, and to the admixture
of the referred to vapours and air forming dangerously explosive fluids, the
object of this Invention is to provide a remedy for these complaints at a
trifling cost and that without unnecessarily clogging trade operations.
My Invention consists therefore in immersing or placing the full or partly
filled casks or vessels, whether made of wood or other porous (that is, sufficiently
porous to allow the fluids herein-before named either in a liquid or vapour
state to escape) material in water or other liquid capable of acting or the

page_text: porous wood or other material of the casks or vessels to make it closer in
texture, and consequently tighter. The said casks or vessels may be weighted
and sunk in pits, ponds, tanks, or other vessels containing water or other
liquid. Or tanks of suitable size may be constructed with coverings or gratings
to keep the said casks or vessels of oils or spirits which are lighter than the
water underneath the surface of such water, openings in the coverings or
gratings would allow the casks to be pushed into and taken out of the tank or
tanks as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COM- POUND WATERPROOF AND ORNAMENTAL FABRICS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Storey at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th January
1863.
I, THOMAS STOREY, of the Firm of "Storey Brothers & Company," Manu-
facturers of Oil and Leather Cloth, of the Town and County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COM-
POUND WATERPROOF AND ORNAMENTAL FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of compound waterproof and
ornamental fabrics applicable for covering and various other purposes, by
taking a woven fabric of cotton or other suitable fibrous material, and coating
it with one or more coats of oil, oxydized oil, india-rubber, or other similar
substances or compositions possessing adhesive and water-repellent properties,
and then covering the adhesive surface with "flock material" dyed of any
required color; and, lastly, consolidating, calendering, or embossing the
surface of the "flock material" with any suitable design.