IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DOUBLE-TEXTURE CLOTHS SUITABLE FOR CARD CLOTH, BLANKETS FOR CALICO PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Broadhurst and John Kershaw, both of
Palace Street, in the City of Manchester, India-rubber Manu-
facturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
DOUBLE-TEXTURE CLOTHS SUITABLE FOR CARD CLOTH, BLANKETS FOR CALICO
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Broadhurst
and John Kershaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 10th February 1869.
We, GEORGE BROADHURST and JOHN KERSHAW, both of Palace Street,
in the City of Manchester, India-rubber Manufacturers, do hereby declara
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF DOUBLE-TEXTURE CLOTHS SUITABLE FOR CARD CLOTH, BLANKETS FOR CALICO
AND OTHER PRINTERS, GAS BAGS FOR RAILWAYS, AND FOB OTHER PURPOSES," to
be as follows:
This Invention has for its object improvements, in the manufacture
of double texture cloths suitable for card cloth, blankets for calico and
Dine 1

page_text: other printers, gas bags for railways, and for other purposes. For these
purposes we prepare a compound of caoutchouc and golden sulphuret of
antimony, commonly called the red or mineralized caoutchouc or india-
rubber, and spread layers of it on and between cloths in the usual way,
preferring this compound to that which has hitherto been used on
account of its extraordinary grease-resisting qualities, while it is well
known that the ordinary grey vulcanized india-rubber very soon decom-
poses when in contact with articles containing even very minute portions
of oil or grease.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Broadhurst and John Kershaw in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 10th August 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
BROADHURST and JOHN KERSHAW, both of Palace Street, in the City of
Manchester, India-rubber Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said George Broadhurst and John Kershaw,
Her special licence that we, the said George Broadhurst and John
Kershaw, our executors, administators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said George Broadhurst and John Kershaw, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF DOUBLE-TEXTURE CLOTHS SUITABLE FOR CARD CLOTH, BLANKETS
FOR CALICO AND OTHER PRINTERS, GAS BAGS FOR RAILWAYS, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George
Broadhurst and John Kershaw, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calender months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Broadhurst, and John
Kershaw, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of double texture cloths suitable for card cloth, blankets for calico and
other printers, gas bags for railways, and for other purposes. For these
purposes we prepare a compouad of caoutchouc and golden sulphuret of
antimony, commonly called the red or mineralized caoutchouc or india-
rubber, and spread layers of it on and between cloths in the usual way,
preferring this compound to that which has hitherto been used on
account of its extraordinary grease-resisting qualities, while it is well
known that the ordinary grey vulcanized india-rubber very soon decom-
poses when in contact with articles containing even very minute portions
of oil or grease; and in addition double-texture cloths thus made are not
liable to harden in cold temperatures, as is the case with what is known
as the natural rubber card cloth now in use.
In carrying out our Invention we prefer to take the usual linen or
cotton woven fabric as employed for making "artificial leather" or card
cloth, and prepare a compound as follows, to 22 lbs. of dry pure caout-
chouc or india-rubber we add 5 lbs. of golden sulphuret of antimony, and
well mix or blend them together in the usual way in the mixing mill, then
we dissolve or "let down" with naptha this compound until it becomes
a paste of the proper consistency for spreading, and then spread upon
the linen or cotton fabric by means of the ordinary spreading machine
a sufficient thickness to produce the face we want; we then face a piece
of the cotton fabric in the same way on both sides with the same com-
pound, and by using two, three, or more of these single or doubly faced
woven fabrics laid together and passing them through rollers to unite
them we produce "card cloth" of what is called two, three, or four
"plies," and we then vulcanize the whole together by the application of
heat, as is well understood. Double-texture cloths thus formed are not
only applicable for use as card cloths, but also as blankets for calico and
A woollen
other printers, and for other purposes, as above mentioned.

page_text: cloth may for some purposes be cemented to the back or face of the double-
texture cloth after the cloth has been vulcanized.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Broadhurst and John
Kershaw, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day
of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-nine.
GEORGE BROADHURST. (L.S.)
JOHN KERSHAW.
(L.S.)