IMPROVED METHOD OF EFFECTING VENTILATION IN WATERPROOF GARMENTS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Leake Worth and Joseph How Pontifex, of
No. 293, Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVED METHOD OF EFFECTING VENTILATION IN WATERPROOF GARMENTS.”
Sealed the 12th January 1877, and dated the 2nd November 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Leake Worth and
Joseph How Pontifex at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
2nd November 1876.
SAMUEL LEAKE WORTH and JOSEPH HOW PONTIFEX, of No. 293, Oxford Street,
in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVED METHOD OF EFFECTING VENTILATION IN
WATERPROOF GARMENTS."
4
The object of this Invention is improved method of effecting ventilation in
waterproof garments, and this we accomplish by separating the two fabrics forming
the garment at the parts most liable to be sweated by the close fit to the wearer's
body and limbs, and in perforating the lining portion which is loose from the outer
portion, the perforated portion being opposite to or corresponding with a portion of
the exterior which is waterproofed in the inside purposely to prevent the entrance
of rain to the perforated portion.
Below where the perforated portion of the lining is situated and on part of the
loose portion we waterproof the said lining and leave that portion of the exterior
fabric unwaterproofed. The consequence is we form a passage between an unwater-
proofed portion of the outer fabric and an inner waterproofed portion of the lining
fabric to lead the air up to the perforations at that part of the lining fabric which
is not waterproofed, but which part is backed so to speak by an inner waterproofed
portion of the outer fabric.
The above explanation is in reference to the back and shoulder portion of a coat
or cape, but the Invention is applicable to the arms or other parts of all waterproof
g rments for gentlemen's, ladies', and children's wear.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Leake Worth and Joseph How Pontifex in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 2nd May 1877.
SAMUEL LEAKE WORTH and JOSEPH HOW PONTIFEX, of No. 293, Oxford Street,
in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVED METHOD OF EFFECTING VENTILATION IN
WATERPROOF GARMENTS."
The object of this Invention is improved method of effecting ventilation in
waterproof garments, and this we accomplish by separating the two fabrics forming
the garment at the parts most liable to be sweated by the close fit to the wearer's
body and limbs, and in perforating the lining portion which is loose from the outer
portion, the perforated portion being opposite to or corresponding with a portion of
the exterior which is waterproofed in the inside purposely to prevent the entrance
of rain to the perforated portion.
Below where the perforated portion of the lining is situated and on part of the
loose portion we waterproof the said lining and leave that portion of the exterior
fabric unwaterproofed; the consequence is we form a passage between an unwater-
proofed portion of the outer fabric and an inner waterproofed portion of the lining
fabric to lead the air up to the perforations at that part of the lining fabric which is
not waterproofed, but which part is backed so to speak by an inner waterproofed
portion of the outer fabric.
The above explanation is in reference to the back and shoulder portion of a coat,
but the Invention is applicable to the arms or other parts of all waterproof garments
for gentlemen's, ladies', and children's wear, particularly coats, cloaks, leggings,
hoods, hats, and caps.
The annexed Drawing, Figure 1, shows the inside of a gentleman's coat. The
coat or garment is composed of two woven fabrics, which are connected while in
sheet by a waterproof composition in the usual manner for this class of goods.
The outer fabric u and the inner fabric b are not connected by the composition at
the part from just above the waist c to the collar d, but the inner surface of the
inner fabric is coated with the composition from .c to e, as in Figure 2, which shows
the coat in section, the part of the inside surface of the inner fabric from e to d
being left uncoated, or if coated may have a thin fabric put upon the coating to
strengthen the inner fabric at that part; the thin fabric and the inner fabric are
perforated in any suitable manner for the free passage of air from the space between
the inner and the outer fabric. The outer fabric is uncoated from the part to the
part f, and to the width of the dotted lines shown in Figure 1, so that air may
percolate and pass through the meshes of the fabric to the space before mentioned,
and from thence through the perforations of the inner fabric to the inside of the
coat when in wear.
It will be observed that the outer fabric is coated on the inner surface from f to d,
so that the rain may run down the back from the shoulders on to the non-water-
proofed portion f to c without affecting the inner fabric, because the inside surface
of the inner fabric is coated at that part to prevent it.
The unwaterproofed portion of the outer fabric may in some cases have a
strengthening piece attached by solution, said piece not interfering with the passage
of air to the space.
The arm pits g of the coat body and of the sleeves h are arranged in a similar
manner, as can also be any other part of a garment to which the Invention is
applicable.
In the case of single texture waterproof garments we remove the coating from
the portion of the back from c to f, and attach a waterproofed piece to the inside of
the garment round the bottom and the sides of that part. This additional piece is
carried up to the neck where it is fastened and forms so to speak a separate lining
unattached, except at the edges to form the space for the reception of the air from

page_text: the unwaterproofed portion of the outer fabric to the upper part of the additional
piece, this being perforated as for the double texture garinent.
The unwaterproofed portion of the outer fabric may in some cases have a
strengthening piece attached by solution, said piece not interfering with the passage
of air to the space.
We are aware that the inside fabric of a waterproof garment has been perforated
for the passage of air; we therefore make no claim to that part, neither do we make
any claim to waterproofing a portion of a fabric and leaving another portion
unwaterproofed, nor to covering the inner perforated portion of a garment by an
outside cape or a flap, but what we do claim as our Invention is,―
Firstly. Ventilating garments by forming a space between the two fabrics at the
parts required, into which air is free to enter by the meshes of the outer fabric and
leave by the meshes or perforations of the inner fabric, as described.
Secondly. We claim the arrangement of the two fabrics of a coat or other garment,
as described and as shown in the annexed Drawings, by which a free yet graduated
current of air is permitted to pass from the outside to the inside for ventilating
purposes, as set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Leake Worth and Joseph' How Pontifex,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second day of May, One thou-
sand eight hundred and seventy-seven
SAMUEL LEAKE WORTH. (L.S.)
JOSEPH HOW PONTIFEX. (L.S.)