Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air or Gases.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air or Gases.
I, SAMUEL PUPLETT, of 47, Victoria Street, Westminster, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to pumps used for the compression of air or gases
such as carbonic anhydride, ammonia, and the like. These pumps are generally
made of one metal throughout, for example cast iron, which is unreliable and
apt to burst.
The object of my invention is to obviate this defect by making the pump of
two or more kinds of metal, the working barrel and valves being of such materials
as will best withstand the action of the gas or fluid and the wear and tear, for
example hard cast iron for the barrels and steel for the valves, and the outside
casing or envelope of a substance of great strength to withstand the pressure,
steel for example.
According to my invention the working barrel and valve casings are separate
from the envelope and are easily removeable and can be renewed, I also provide
means to prevent leakage of gas or fluid between the working barrel valve casings
and the outer casing or envelope or elsewhere, they may also be so jointed
that the gas or fluid under compression cannot come into contact with the out-
side casing or envelope. The joints may be made to tighten up from the out-
side without removing the covers.
Dated this Savanth lov
1000
I, SAMUEL PUPLETT, Engineer, of 47, Victoria Street, Westminster, S.W., do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:
My invention relates to pumps used for the compression of air or gases such
for instance as carbonic anhydride, ammonia and the like. Owing to the diffi-
culties due to joints under high pressure and the necessity of small clearance
spaces these pumps are generally made of one metal throughout, and frequently
of cast iron which is unreliable and apt to burst or to prove porous.
The object of my invention is to overcome these difficulties by making the
pumps of two kinds of metal, the working barrels and valves being of such
Pain Q17

page_text: materials as will best withstand the action of the gas or fluid and the wear and
tear, for example hard cast iron for the barrels and steel for the valves, and the
outer casings or envelopes of a substance of great tensional strength, with or
without wearing qualities, to withstand the pressure of the highly compressed
gases.
According to my invention the working barrel and valve casings are separate
from the outer casings or envelopes and are easily removable; and can be
renewed. Special means are also provided to prevent leakage of the high pressure
gas or fluid between the working barrel the valve casings and the outer casing or
elsewhere, these parts may also be so arranged and jointed that the gas or fluid
under compression cannot come into contact with the outside casing or envelope.
These internal joints may also be made to be tightened up from the outside
without removing the coyers. The valve boxes may also be made separate from
the barrel casing or envelope.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a compression pump constructed
and fitted in accordance with my invention in which the valve boxes are separate
from the barrel casing and the gases are prevented from coming into contact
with the outer casings or envelopes; the internal joints being tightened by out-
side bolts independent of the cylinder cover. The inlet and outlet pipes though
not shown in Fig. 1 are to be jointed directly on to the valve casings (BB).
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a compression pump showing
another form constructed and fitted in accordance with my invention in which
the outer casing and valve boxes are made in one piece and are not protected
from contact with the gases, the internal joints being tightened by the outer
cover bolts.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a compression pump con-
structed and fitted in accordance with my invention, showing another form in
which the valve boxes though as in Fig. 2 not protected from contact with the
gases are made separate from the barrel casing and are provided with means for
tightening the internal joints by outside bolts independent of the covers in a
similar manner to Fig. 1. In the various figures similar parts are indicated by
the same letters, and in Figs. 1, 2, 3, the valve casings (BB) are not shown in
the valve boxes (DD) at the front end of the cylinder. (A) is the working barrel,
constructed of a suitable material, preferably cast iron or gun metal, or other
suitable wearing metal or alloy which will withstand the action of the gases or
fluids and also the wear and tear of the piston. (BB) are the valve casings also
made of suitable materials such as wrot iron or mild steel for example, to with-
stand the beating action and wear of the valves. (C) is the outer casing or
envelope surrounding the working barrel and is made of a material of great tensile
strength such as wrot iron or steel or the various strong alloys of copper or other
metals to withstand the bursting pressure of the compressed gases. (DD) are the
valve boxes. (E E) are the internal joints made of soft metal, lead for example,
variously placed as shown to prevent leakage of gas or fluid between the valve
casings the working barrel the envelope or the outside atmosphere. (FF) Figs. 1
and 3 are bolts for tightening these joints from the outside without removing any
of the covers. (GG) are soft metal joints, lead for example placed at the ends of
the barrel to prevent leakage of gas or fluid from the interior of the pump into the
outside atmosphere these joints being tightened by the end cover bolts as shown
in all the figures.
I am aware that pumps, especially those for liquids are frequently made with
liners of different metals, and secured in various ways, but in such cases there
is comparatively little difficulty owing to the large clearance spaces and the
simple kind of joints required for liquids; in many of such cases however the
joints and novel construction herein described would be found preferable for
liquids.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my improvements in pumps
for compressing air or gases.-
First, the improvements relating to pumps for the compression of air or other
gases substantially as herein described and shown in Figure 1 of the
accompanying drawings.
Second, the improvements relating to pumps for the compression of air or
other gases substantially as herein described and shown in Figure 2 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Third, the improvements relating to pumps for the compression of air or other
gases substantially as herein described and shown in Figure 3 of the accompany-
ing drawings.
Fourth, pumps for the compression of air or other gases arranged with very
small clearance spaces and constructed of two or more metals the inner or working
barrel and valve casings being made of materials which will withstand the wear-
ing effect of the piston or plunger and of the valves as well as the contact and
action of the gases being compressed while the envelope or outer casing and
valve boxes are made of a material having great tensile strength to withstand
the bursting pressure of the compressed or liquefied gases, substantially as
described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fifth, in connection with the above mentioned pump, for compressing air or
other gases, constructed of two or more metals, I claim the various arrangements
of the internal joints for preventing leakage of the compressed gases between
the different parts of the pump, substantially as described and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Sixth, in a pump for compressing air or other gases constructed of two or more
metals the improved construction and arrangements by which the internal joints
can be tightened by separate bolts from the outside without removing the covers
substantially as described and shown in Figure 1 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
Seventh, in pumps for compressing air or other gases constructed of two or
more metals the improved arrangement by which the envelope or outer casing is
protected from contact with or from the action of the compressed gases or liquids
substantially as described and shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 21st day of August 1899.