matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN OR SEED
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Waygood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th September
1867.
I, RICHARD WAYGOOD, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES
FOR CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN OR SEED," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to construct machines to be worked by
manual power, and the Invention mainly consists in the combination as here-
after described of a disc and a wheel, between which the rice, or grain, or seed
is fed, and by which it is cleaned.
In a convenient frame I mount on a horizontal axis a disc, one face of
which is covered from the periphery to a distance of about 4 or 5 inches more
or less with buff leather, cork, or other suitable elastic or yielding material; that
is to say, the portion so covered is annular, its larger diameter being equal or
nearly so to the diameter of the disc. At right angles to the disc I mount on
a horizontal axis a metal wheel, or a circular stone, or a drum covered with
any composition suitable for cleaning the rice, grain, or seed. This wheel, stone,
or drum is preferably of about one-third the diameter of the disc; its periphery
is fluted and works against the covered portion of the disc, and it travels at a
greater speed than preferably at about twice the speed of the disc. The husk

page_text: is thus effectually stripped off the rice, grain, or seed without damaging the
latter; the husk and cleaned grain or seed then pass to a separator con-
sisting of a number of superposed inclined plates, from one to another of
which the grain or seed falls while the husk is driven off by a blower.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MODE OF REGULATING THE SPEED OF DRYING CYLINDERS OR ROLLERS EMPLOYED BY DYERS, SCOURERS, AND BLEACHERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Rupp at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th March
1867.
I, AUGUSTE RUPP, of No. 82, Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris, in the Empire
of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OF REGULATING THE SPEED OF DRYING CYLINDERS OR ROLLERS
EMPLOYED BY DYERS, SCOURERS, AND BLEACHERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in adapting to the double table apparatus employed
in regulating the speed of drying cylinders, 1st, an intermediate friction roller
composed of a number of india-rubber, rundles, some fixed and others loose, on
the same shaft; 2nd, a system of springs adapted to each of the shafts of the
tables for the purpose of increasing or diminishing the friction of the latter on
the roller; 3rd, a system of shaft cushions for communicating a lateral
movement to the roller, causing it to move from the centre of the driving
table to the edge thereof, and vice versa, for increasing or diminishing the speed
of the regulating table.
As already mentioned the speed-regulating apparatus to which I make
the above improvements consists of two tables, one the driving the other the-
regulating table, each mounted on its respective shaft in such wise that their
vertical faces are parallel; and that the periphery of one corresponds with the

page_text: centre of the other. Motion is communicated to the driving table from any
suitable power by means of a fixed and loose pulley mounted on the shaft of
the driving table, whilst the regulating table receives motion from the friction
roller placed between the two. The friction of the tables on the roller is
regulated by elastic springs (adapted to each of the shafts of the respective
tables), which being compressed by means of screw fly wheels communicate
the pressure therefrom to the centre of the shafts, and thence to the tables.
The variations of speed are produced by moving the friction roller from the
centre of the driving table towards the edge of the same, the speed of the
regulating table increasing as the roller nears its centre, and consequently
diminishing as it recedes therefrom. The lateral motion from left to right
or right to left of the shaft bearing the roller is obtained while the apparatus
is in motion in the following manner:-This shaft, which is solid and screw cut
inversely at either end, is moved from right to left or vice versa as desired
by raising one of two rods connected at the ends of the shaft; these rods both
terminate at the upper parts in two wedges, which pressing together the shaft
cushions on the shaft cause one of the screwed ends (whichever is acted on)
to enter the cylindrical shaft, and continuing to advance from right to left or
from left to right, as the case may be, carries with it the roller.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS SUITABLE FOR STEAM PLOUGHS AND IMPLEMENTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Surridge at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd June
1867.
I, JOSEPH SURRIDGE, of Cogan Hall, in the Parish of Cogan, County of
Glamorgan, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS SUITABLE FOR STEAM PLOUGHS AND IMPLEMENTS," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in anchors suitable for
holding in position the pulleys around which the ropes employed for hauling
steam ploughs or implements are passed.
In order that the anchor may be removed readily out of the ground
preparatory to shifting it to another position the shank and the flukes are not
rigidly fixed the one to the other but jointed, and wedges or locking instru-
ments are provided which stiffen the joint whilst the anchor is required to
resist the strain upon it, but which are withdrawn or released when it is
desired that the anchor should draw out of the land. I make the shank of
the anchor of a forked form with sufficient spread to render the anchor steady
without requiring a stock. The two arms of the shank are slotted at their
ends to receive the ends of the flukes; these are both on the same side of the
shank, and are connected therewith by a bar passing through them and also
through the slotted ends of the shank; this bar thus both forms the axis for
the flukes to turn upon, and serves as a stay or stiffener between the arms of
the shank. The inner ends of the flukes project a short distance through the

page_text: slots in the shank, and a bar with wedge-formed ends drives in in front of
the inner extremities of the flukes and between them and projections on the
shank, and so the flukes are rendered fast, being wedged fast against the
hinder ends of their slots. When the wedge locking bar is driven out a slight
strain on the anchor draws the shank forward and throws the flukes to such
an inclination as to cause them to rise out of the land.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTON FASTENINGS FOR ATTACHING BUTTONS OR ORNAMENTS TO GARMENTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Maitland Tate at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th July
1867.
I, CHARLES MAITLAND TATE, of 18, Clearmont Square, in the Parish of
Clarkenwell, and County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTON FASTENINGS FOR ATTACHING
BUTTONS OR ORNAMENTS TO GARMENTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a certain peculiar construction and conformation in
the twisting of pieces of mettalic wire in such a form that they when inter-
locked with the eyes or shanks of buttons or ornaments prevent such from
coming off; this form of fastening is much easeier to attach and detach than
the old form of fastning, as will be seen by the acompanying Drawing.
A. the button; B, the cloth into which is an eyelet hole worked in the
ordinary way, the shank of the button being pressed into the hole project on
the opposite side of the cloth, and is then ready to receive the fastenig C,
the conformation of which is the same as in the acompanying Drawing, having
a loop turned in the wire, so that the eye or shank of the button may be
passed into the eye of the loop a¹ in the fastening from the ends of the wire,
which is bent in such a manner as to be easily passed on or off, but not liable
to slip off, as is the case with the old tongs' fastening.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING WINDOWS IN IMITATION OF STAINED GLASS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Breakell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
April 1867.
I, JOHN WILLIAM BREAKELL, of the City of Manchester, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF
MAKING WINDOWS IN IMITATION OF STAINED GLASS," to be as follows:-
In performing my Invention I take cotton, or other fabrics, or paper, on
which any required pattern or design has been printed, and this fabric or
paper I prepare by saturation in oil, or otherwise, to render the colours more
brilliant and transparent; the fabric or paper so prepared is then laid on a
sheet or plate of glass, and is caused to adhere to the glass by means of varnish
or cement, a second sheet of glass is then laid over the fabric or paper, and
the whole is secured to the window sash or other article to be glazed in the
usual manner.
My Invention may be applied to any ordinary window by preparing sheets
of glass with the printed fabric or paper and then applying them to the frames
of the window. In some cases the printed fabrics or paper may be used
without oiling. Windows so prepared in imitation of stained glass can be
cleaned without injury to the colours, which are protected between the two
plates of glass.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Redfern at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
November 1867.-A communication from abroad by Louis Alexandre
Auguste Le Poreq d'Herlon, of Boulogne-sur-Mer, in the Empire of
France.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the General Patent Office, 4, South
Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING,"
to be as follows, that is to say:-
The Invention communicated to me consists of improvements in paving
streets and roads whereby less mud and dust are produced than by macada-
mized roads, and the roads rendered less dangerous to the horses' feet.
To carry out the Invention I make blocks or slabs of small stones bound
or cemented together in moulds of the required sizes with asphalte or other
bituminous cement; these blocks or slabs are laid on a concrete foundation,
and can be laid down and taken up from the streets and roads as easily as the
flagstones of foot pavements.
AN IMPROVED 'BIB,' STOP, OR WATERCLOSET TAP OR Cock
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bowden at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th May
1867.
I, JOHN BOWDEN, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Surveyor, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED 'BIB,'
STOP, OR WATERCLOSET TAP OR Cock;" to be as follows :-
The object of this Invention is the construction of a tap or cock which will
prevent leakage and retain its efficiency without the necessity of frequent
repairs, which is especially the case with watercloset taps or cocks as here-
tofore constructed. The water is received from the feed or supply pipe in
a cup or socket thereon, in which I place a ball of gutta 'percha (or other
buoyant material); the outer portion of the said cup or socket is chased or
screwed so as to receive a cap or cover, projecting from the side of which is
the discharge pipe; at the joint between the socket and the cover is formed a
flange, such joint being made perfectly water-tight by means of a ring or
washer of india-rubber, which ring also forms the valve seating. In the
direction of the axis of the feed pipe and through the cover is a piston
rod working in a stuffing (or through a second ring of india-rubber), the
internal end of the piston rod having an enlarged concave end, the other or
external end of such rod terminating in a "button" or thumb piece.
The action of the tap or cock is as follows:-On the water entering the
feed pipe the ball in the socket or enlarged end of such pipe is forced against
the ring or washer forming the valve seating, the pressure of water on the ball

page_text: retaining it firmly on its seating until water is to be discharged, when pressure
by the thumb on the "button" of the piston (or by a crank and lever) will
by the other or concave end of piston remove the ball from its seat and allow
escape of water by way of discharge pipe. Applied to waterclosets the
"button" end of the piston will be passed through seat of closet, or seat may
be hinged and rest on the "button" so as to render tap self-acting; in supply
pipe near the tap or cock I construct a syphon to prevent passage of noxious
gases to mains when empty. It will be seen the tap or cock above described
possesses the important advantage of being self-acting so far as shutting off
discharge, and provides a means for preventing the serious loss which often
accrues to property by taps or cocks being left open after repairs of mains
or frost.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING LIQUID VOLATILE HYDROCARBONS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cephas Butler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st November
1867.
I, CEPHAS BUTLER, of the Firm of Wright and Butler, of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Paraffin Lamp Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING
LIQUID VOLATILE HYDROCARBONS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the prevention of accidents in lamps in
which paraffin oil and other liquid volatile hydrocarbons are burned, and
consists of the improvements in the said lamps herein-after described, by which
improvements the risk of spilling the combustible liquid in case the lamp is
upset is avoided.
In the reservoir containing the volatile oil a conical tube open at both
ends is secured, the wide end of the tube being uppermost. The said wide
end of the tube is made by preference to fit air-tight in the mouth of the
reservoir. The lower narrow end of the tube reaches nearly to the bottom
of the reservoir. The lower half of the said tube is filled with cotton wool or
other porous material. In the top of the said tube the wick holder is screwed,
the lower end of the wick resting on the cotton wool or other porous substance
in the tube. The oil in the reservoir is thus cut off from direct communica-
tion with the wick, the said oil being transmitted to the wick through the
capillary attraction of the cotton wool or other porous substance in the tube.

page_text: The wick absorbs the oil from the cotton wool, and the cotton wool
replenishes itself from the reservoir. By this arrangement the upsetting of
the lamp is not attended by the spilling of the oil, and the dangerous accidents
which frequently happen with lamps in which volatile oils are burned cannot
occur with lamps constructed according to my Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING BETWEEN PASSENGERS AND GUARDS OF RAILWAY TRAINS, AND BETWEEN GUARDS AND ENGINE DRIVERS OF RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Cornwallis Amesbury at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th September 1867.
I, SAMUEL CORNWALLIS AMESBURY, M.R.C.S., F.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Surgeon
in Her Majesty's Indian Army, now residing at 6, St. Aubyn's Place, Clifton
Villa, Hove, Brighton, in the County of Sussex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING
BETWEEN PASSENGERS AND GUARDS OF RAILWAY TRAINS, AND BETWEEN GUARDS AND
ENGINE DRIVERS OF RAILWAY TRAINS," to be as follows:-
First. My motive-power communication and connection is by means of the
axle of the carriage or van, and communicating with an alarm apparatus in
such a way that on the handle inside the compartment being displaced while
the train is in motion an alarm is at once mechanically set going. The alarm
may be of various construction, as a weighted balance arm (supported on pivots
and secured by a catch, to which the alarm handle is attached) surmounted
by a gong or bell acted upon by a double revolving hammer, over the axle of
which is passed a belt or chain encircling the axle of the carriage or van.
Over each compartment and in connection with the alarm line is a small flag,
one end of which is expanded to cover the bull's-eye of a false lantern which
having no bottom receives light from the compartment through a hole in the
roof and is reflected by a mirror through the bull's-eye. The alarm handle
being pulled the balance arm is freed, the band drawn tight, hammer revolves,
flag is raised, and a night light shewn.

page_text: Second. The communication between guard and guard and engine driver
is also by the same motive power. The axle of the van which is in connection
by means of a band or chain with the axle in an elevating plate, to which is
secured a double action forcing air pump, above which is a receiver fitted with
safety valve and tube, whistle and cock; the elevating plate being raised the
receiver is at once charged with air, and continues to be charged until the
plate is depressed or screwed lower, or until the train is at a standstill. The
whistle should be outside the van, and is made to sound at pleasure with as
loud a noise as the ordinary railway whistle by means of "air" instead of
"steam."
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Samuelson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th August
1867.
'I, MARTIN SAMUELSON, of Hull, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the general construction and arrangement of what
are known as shuttle or lock stitch sewing machines, and consists of the
following arrangement:-The cloth plate is screwed on to brackets cast on a
bed plate, which brackets carry a transverse driving shaft provided with a
small hand pulley and with a duplux cam for imparting a to-and-fro and
up-and-down motion to a serrated feeder, the feeder being of the description
known as the under "four-motion feed." To one extremity of this driving
shaft there is keyed a disc provided with a crank pin, which works in a
differential slot in the end of a vibrating lever working beneath the cloth plate
and secured to a rocking shaft working between adjustable screw centres in
brackets cast on the bed plate at the back end thereof. To the opposite end
of the driving shaft there is keyed another disc carrying a crank pin for the
purpose of driving the shuttle as herein-after explained. The rocking shaft
above referred to derives its motion from the first-mentioned crank pin and
differential slot in the lever arm attached to such shaft, and this vibratory
motion is imparted to the needle arm, which is also secured to the rocking.
shaft, the needle being curved and attached by a pinching screw or otherwise

page_text: direct to the end of the lever. The shuttle is carried in a box or chamber
formed on the upper end of a vertical lever situate below the cloth plate, and
in place of reciprocating in a straight guiding groove or race, as in most of
the reciprocating shuttle machines heretofore constructed, it describes an oval
or elliptical course in front of a smooth face plate. The shuttle lever is
attached at its lower end to a sliding block working between vertical guides
secured to or cast on the end plate, and at an intermediate point between this
sliding block and the shuttle box the shuttle lever is connected by a crank
pin with the disc herein-before referred to for actuating the shuttle. As this
pin revolves it imparts not only a vertical but also a lateral movement to the
shuttle lever, the combination of which two movements produces the elliptical
or oval course of the shuttle. A small catch is fitted to one end of the shuttle
box for the purpose of affording facility for the introduction and removal of
the shuttle. The presser foot is carried in the end of a fixed overhanging
bracket arm, and is held down by a spring and elevated by a cam lever attached
to the end of the arm, such cam acting upon the enlarged head of the stem of
the presser foot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-SCREENS, FANS, PARASOLS, SUN SHADES, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Brown Taylor and Frederick
Winter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 15th January 1867.
We, EDWARD BROWN TAYLOR and FREDERICK WINTER, of Gresham Street,
in the City of London, Warehousemen, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-SCREENS, FANS,
PARASOLS, SUN SHADES, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of improvements in the construction of fire-screens, fans,
parasols, sun shades, and such like articles, has for its objects, first, to render
these articles portable, so that they may be easily put away in the pocket ;
and, secondly, to so construct the article that it may be used either as a fan,
fire-screen, parasol, or sun shade, as may be required. To this end the article
is constructed on the principle of a folding fan, but instead of being made to
open to only the segment of a circle, as is usually the case, it is made to open
and form a whole circle, and in order that it may be kept open in its expanded
form the ends of the fan are secured to two rigid ribs which can be temporarily
secured together by means of a cord, hook, button, catch, or other suitable
contrivance that can be easily attached and detached when the fan or other
article is in its expanded state. In order that the article may be conveniently

page_text: held by the hand it is provided with a handle which may be jointed so as to
fold like an ordinary parasol handle or stick; this stick is jointed at its upper
end to one of the rigid ribs, so that the article, when expanded, may be placed
either in a horizontal, a vertical, or an inclined position, according to whether
it is to be used as a fan, a hand screen, a parasol, or sun shade.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FAGGOTS OR FIRE LIGHTERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Stevenson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th September
1867.
I, THOMAS STEVENSON, of Wharf Road, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Fire-wood Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FAGGOTS OR FIRE
LIGHTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of those kinds of fire-igniters
which are formed of a number of small pieces of wood arranged in a radial
manner and tied together to form a kind of faggot; these faggots, as hereto-
fore made, are exceedingly liable to fall to pieces, when they become useless as
fire-igniters.
My improvement consists in arranging the radial pieces of wood, which are
of uniform length, round a central core or nave on which the inner ends of
the radial arms or pieces press uniformly. The outer ends of these radial
pieces fit or rest in grooves or indentations made or cut in the curved pieces
which form the outer rim or felloe of the wheel. When the whole are bound
together with an enveloping string and the wheel is dipped in melted rosin the
article will be ready for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARMOUR FOR THE DEFENCE OF SHIPS, FORTS, BATTERIES, AND OTHER CONSTRUCTIONS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Sacré at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th November
1867.
I, EDWARD SACRÉ, of Parliament Street, in the City of Westminster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARMOUR FOR THE DEFENCE OF SHIPS, FORTS, BATTERIES,
AND OTHER CONSTRUCTIONS," to be as follows:-
The armour plates are formed of two plates of wrought iron produced by
either rolling, hammering, or in any other convenient manner; these plates
are to be secured together by means of bolts, but before so doing the inner
sides have semicircular grooves formed on them; or these grooves may be of
any other form that might be found necessary. The intervening spaces
formed by these grooves are to be filled with cast iron, chilled or otherwise,
or of any other hard material. These grooves are placed so close together
that there will not be space enough for a shot to pass between them, and as
the hard metal contained in the grooves, which run vertically, (and if desired
horizontally also), will be as hard as the projectile there will be sufficient
resistance to stop the shot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR COMMON ROAD CARRIAGES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leonard Latter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st March
1867.
I, LEONARD LATTER, of Catford Bridge, Lewisham, in the County of Kent,
Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BRAKES FOR COMMON ROAD CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist of apparatus in which brake surfaces are applied
to the peripheries of the wheels of a carriage for the purpose of arresting its
progress by the effort of the horses. For this purpose I mount two lever
arms pivoted at their upper ends to a transverse rod fitted in bearings on the
framework of the carriage; these lever arms are faced with wood, and are
pendant immediately in front of the hinder wheels (of a four-wheeled carriage);
their lower ends are connected by a second transverse rod or bar, the whole
swinging freely backward and forward on the pivot above mentioned, and so
disposed as to fall backwards a little from contact with the wheels. To the
middle of the lower bar a chain is attached, which is conducted over a pulley
fixed behind the axletree of the hind wheels, and thence between two upright
guides fixed on the upper surface of the fore axle immediately under the
locking plate pivot of the vehicle. From this point the connection is carried
forward in the form of a rod disposed under the pole, and is attached to a
lever pivoted near the point of the pole, to the upper end of which lever the
pole chains are attached. By this arrangement the strain of the horses upon
the pole chains in backing is transmitted through the rod of communication to

page_text: the brake chain before mentioned, thus causing the brake surfaces to bear
against the peripheries of the wheels, and so stop the vehicle.
By another arrangement of the chain instead of passing it over a single
pulley, and so to the lower transverse bar, it may be forked about midway
between the locking pivot and the hinder axletree, each part being carried
over a pulley approached towards either wheel, and thence conducted direct to
the lower extremities of the brake surface levers. If it is desired to back the
carriage without operating the brakes a bolt or other suitable stop is dropped
by the driver into a notch or hole in the connecting bar, which precludes its
movement longitudinally.
In applying this Invention to two-wheel vehicles two levers similar to the
lever at the point of the pole are placed one on each shaft, to the upper end
of which levers the breeching is attached, while from the lower ends chains or
rods pass under the shafts, thence over the pulleys to the brakes, and operating
them as before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HANDLES FOR BAILS, BUCKETS, COVE HODS, Scoops, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Hill Dean at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
December 1867.
2:
I, JAMES HILL DEAN, of Bilston, in the County of Stafford, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HANDLES FOR
BAILS, BUCKETS, COVE HODS, Scoops, AND THE LIKE," to be as follows, that
is to say :-
This Invention relates to handles for bails, buckets, cove hods, scoops, and
the like, and consists, 1st, in forming the said handles with a straight or
cranked centre; 2ndly, in fitting the said straight or cranked part with a
rotating centre piece of wood or metal, or other suitable material; and, 3rdly,
in forming the said handles of metal tapered or reduced in section from the
centre to the two extremities where the handles are attached to the articles
to be supported thereby.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES FOR CARRIAGES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Cocker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th April 1867.-
A communication from abroad by Frederick William Richter, of Harthau,
near Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
I, SAMUEL COCKER, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AXLES FOR CARRIAGES," (being a communication to me from abroad by Frederick
William Richter, of Harthau, near Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony,)
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the construction of axles and axle boxes in
such a manner as to admit of the axle being secured to the axle box (on
which the wheel is fixed) without the use of pins, plates, or other loose
fastenings as usual.
And the Invention consists in making the axle so as to fill up the interior
of the axle box, and forming on the inner end of it a screw, on which is
screwed a collar, over which is fitted a short tube or socket having an internal
screw, into which is screwed another tube or axle box, which is thereby made
to enclose the outer end of the axle, and to which the nave of the wheel is
secured. By screwing on this axle box the parts are brought together as
required and secured against lateral displacement, the axle box (with the

page_text: wheel fastened to it) being free to turn on the axle, and the short tube or
socket being also free to turn on the collar fixed to the axle.
By constructing axles in this manner increased facility is given for removing
the wheel when required; also the axle box is effectually closed against
the admission of dirt or dust, and the use of a wrench being dispensed with
the ornamental parts of carriage wheels are not liable to injury as usual.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHINA AND EARTHENWARE KNOBS FOR LOCKS AND LATCHES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Hawthorn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th March
1867.
I, STEPHEN HAWTHORN, of Burslem, in the County of Stafford, China Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CHINA AND EARTHENWARE KNOBS FOR LOCKS AND LATCHES," to be as follows:-
China and earthenware knobs for locks and latches as usually constructed
have metal mounts attached to the ends of their necks, the hollow stems of
the said mounts being fastened in the axes of the knobs. The hollow stems
of the metal mounts receive the ends of the square spindle of the lock or
latch, each of the knobs is furnished with a loose rose which is fixed to the
door or other article with which the lock or latch is used.
My Invention consists in making the roses of china and earthenware,
knobs for locks and latches in one piece with the knobs instead of making the
rose loose and separate from the knob as usual, that is to say, at the end
of the neck of the knob I form a circular flange or expanded plate the
said flange or plate having a figure similar to that of the ordinary rose ;
through the middle of the fixed rose of the knob a square hole is made,
the said hole extending into the axis of the knob, into this hole the end of the
square spindle of the lock or latch is fitted. The fixed knob of the pair of

page_text: knobs of the spindle is connected to one end of the spindle by inserting the
end of the spindle into a hole in the knob and pouring fused lead or other
soft or easily fused metal or alloy down a channel made on one side of the
said hole. By this means the end of the spindle is fixed in the knob, the
moveable or adjustable knob is connected to the other end of the spindle by
means of a screw pin passed through the neck of the knob entering a hole in
the spindle, or the adjustable knob may be fixed to the spindle in any other
convenient manner. The ends of the spindle are thus attached directly to
the knobs instead of to metal mounts fixed-in-the knobs.
By making china and earthenware knobs for locks and latches according
to my Invention the metal mounts and separate roses usually employed with
china and earthenware knobs are dispensed with and great economy in the
manufacture of the said knobs thereby effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING APPLYING TEETH TO SAWS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wendell Lamoreux at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd January
1867.
I, WENDELL LAMOREUX, of the City and State of New York, in the United
States of America, but now residing at the Charing Cross Hotel, in the
Strand, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING
APPLYING TEETH TO SAWS," to be as
follows:-
The Drawing, Figure 1, shows parts of a saw and a tooth arranged according
to my improvements in applying teeth to saws. A shows a part of the saw
plate; B, the tooth. The parts from a to b and from c to d of the plate A
and of the tooth B are parallel to each other, and are both inclined in the
same direction from a radial line in circular saws and from the back edge of
straight saws, and the cross section of these parts is of a V-form to fit one
into the other. When the teeth are applied they are there held together by a
semicircular rivet or disc C; this semicircular rivet or disc C is grooved on
its curved edge to correspond with the V-form grooves in the curved parts of
the recesses in the parts A and B, and these recesses are also at their curved
parts serrated or roughened. D is the cutting part of the tooth, which may
be altered in form. In order to insert a tooth B into a saw plate, first place a

page_text: rivet or disc C in the semicircular opening provided for it at A¹ in the
plate A, push a tooth B down in the opening a, b, c, d, in that plate, and
then turn the rivet or disc C partly round into the recess B₁ in the tooth and
squeeze it so that the metal of the disc or rivet C may enter into the
serrated or roughened parts of the curved recesses in the parts A', B', of the
parts A and B.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CASTORS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Edward Whiting at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th June 1867.
I, JAMES EDWARD WHITING, of Victoria Street, in the City of West-
minster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CASTORS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of Improvements in the Construction of Castors" has for
its object to arrange the castor in such a manner that the weight of the
article of furniture to which it may be applied may be placed centrally or
nearly so over the roller, so that the castor will be relatively stronger than
heretofore, inasmuch as there will be no undue strain on the working parts..
To this end the supporting or bearing roller turns on a pin placed imme-
diately beneath the centre of the castor, and a guide wheel or fixed guiding
point, stud, or spring is adapted to the extremity of the born so as to guide-
and turn the castor round on its vertical spindle when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Redgate and Thomas
Marriott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th October 1867.
We, WILLIAM REDGATE, of Parliament Row, Nottingham, Draftsman, and
THOMAS MARRIOTT, of Great Alfred Street, Central Nottingham, aforesaid,
Lace Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of lace
in twist lace machines. We obtain on the edge of a band of lace a purl like
that of hand made lace, or what is ordinarily called a twisted purl,-in which
the two sides of the purl loop across each other thus
4 by
by the following
means:-The pearl loop is formed from a warp thread (or it may be from two
warp threads for the time working together as one), and in the edge of the
lace on which the purl is to be made we provide to aid in producing the puri
two warp threads which we will call closing threads, and two bobbin threads
which we will call edge bobbins. Immediately before commencing to produce
the purl, one of the closing warp threads comes from a distance sideways

page_text: and crosses one of the edge bobbin threads, then the purl warp in going to
make the purl passes the same edge bobbin on the other side, and the purl
warp and closing warp threads are then snared together by the edge bobbin
thread; the closing warp then remains for a time without twisting, so that as
the work rises above the points it becomes gradually drawn down or tightened,
and it brings with it the root of the purl, sliding it down the edge bobbin.
The bottom of the purl loop is raised in a similar manner to that in which the
top is depressed; by means of the other edge bobbin the purl warp thread is
snared with the other closing warp thread which previously had been standing
for some time, and which immediately after is thrown a distance sideways,
then as the work rises above the points the tension on this closing warp thread
tends to raise the root of the pearl, sliding it up its edge bobbin. As the top
and the bottom roots of the purl are caught by separate closing warp threads
and separate edge bobbins they are free to slide past each other on their edge
bobbins, and so the purl loop is brought to the form desired. It is not essential
that both roots of the purl should be acted on as above described, one only
may be thus treated, and the method of working may be varied so long as by
means of a closing warp thread; one root of the purl is drawn past the other
root of the purl. In this method of working it will be seen that the purl
warp in making each purl forms a figure thus ∞, the larger part of the
figure overhangs the edge of the band of lace and forms the purl, whilst the
remainder is concealed within the edge of the band of lace. A purl warp
thread has never before been so worked.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND SCREW PROPELLERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacques Auguste Alfred Etaix at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his, Petition, on the
27th August 1867.
⚫I, JACQUES AUGUSTE ALFRED ETAIX, of No. 4, Brydges Street, Covent
Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Law Student, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND SCREW PROPELLERS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the following arrangement by which the screw
propeller of a boat can be put in motion without the use of steam or of any
other force than the hand. For this purpose the screw is fixed to the end of
a horizontal shaft provided with a gearing on which catch the teeth of a cog
wheel turned by a vertical shaft to which a fly wheel has been added and
which is put in motion by a crank. This crank is either horizontal to be
turned by a man sitting, or vertical to be turned by a man standing. But the
essential feature of my Invention is the addition of a fly wheel to the vertical.
shaft, which fly wheel permits the increase of the revolutions of the screw..
The size of this fly wheel is proportionate to the space allowed and to the
required motive power.
The above-description-refers-to-a-screw having only one propelling.
mechanism,-but-I-can increase the power-and-the-velocity by adding one, two,

page_text: three, four, or more mechanisms. To this effect I lengthen the horizontal
shaft to which the screw is fixed, and on which are engaged the additional
mechanism or mechanisms by means of an arched socket allowing the hori-
zontal shaft to be prolongated up to a second, third, fourth, or
mechanisms according to the number of the arched sockets.
The speed of the screw can be increased in two different ways, firstly, by
increasing the velocity of its revolution, which I obtain by multiplying the
revolutions of the wheel, i.e., by decreasing the number of the teeth of the
wheel; or, secondly, by increasing the size of the screw. In both cases the
number of propelling mechanisms must be increased. In fact should a screw
perform 200 revolutions in one minute by the force of one man, it will perform
nearly 400 by the force of two men, and so on according to the multiplication of
mechanisms and of the moving forces.
IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Griffin and Frank Green at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
23rd September 1867.
We, JOHN GRIFFIN, of St. Ann's Road, in the County of Surrey, and FRANK
GREEN, of Watling Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES," to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention relates to certain improvements in envelope
folding machines on the rotary principle, and consists in making the cheeks
straight instead of in an angular or irregular shape, and carrying the rollers on
gun metal journals in slot holes in the cheeks; increasing the back and front
flaps of the envelope by causing the knife on the upper roller to make the
crease on a small slip of india-rubber set in a groove in the under roller
instead of on a band; also in a dishing piece which receives and folds the
first flap after it has passed through the rollers above mentioned, and two
pieces or guides of thin steel which hold down the envelope and keep it from
puckering; in the use of a templet fixed so that the envelope may pass under
it when it leaves the roller and creaser which has creased the end flaps in
two pieces of steel with beveled edges which fold the end flaps over as they
pass from the templet; and, finally, in a piece of metal fastened to a bar carried
on the frame of the machine into a cavity, in which piece of metal the envelope
passes for the folding of the last flap, the envelope passing thence bottom
upwards into a box the size of the envelope, and from which the envelopes
are withdrawn by the bottom in regulated numbers. The envelope is gummed

page_text: and stamped in passing through the creasing rollers as in other machines on
this principle, and by simply altering the adjustment of the parts of the
machine it folds envelopes of different sizes.
The second part of our Invention relates to a novel apparatus for feeding
envelope shapes into folding machines. This apparatus or feeder consists of a
metal plate of the shape of the paper cut to form the envelope, which plate
is attached to a small carriage with two rollers running on a surface plate
fixed in front of the folding machine. The plate carrying the envelope shapes
is guided by two steel plates beveled to fit into the corners or angles of the
envelope shape; a small V-shaped stop adjusted by screws receives the point
of the envelope shape, and a chisel-edged knife raised at the proper moment by
a small stud or cam singles out the envelope shapes, throwing them singly
over the stop, where a small wheel or roller covered with india-rubber pushes
them one by one under the first pair of rollers of the creasing and folding
machine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT AIR STOVES FOR BLAST FURNACES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Howson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th March
1867.
I, RICHARD HOWSON, of Middlesbrough-on-Tees, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HOT AIR STOVES FOR BLAST FURNACES," to be as follows:-
In ordinary stoves of this description the air is caused to circulate through
pipes placed in a chamber which is heated either by means of waste gases
from a furnace or by means of coal or other solid fuel. In both cases the
air required for supporting the combustion is taken directly from the exterior
in a comparatively cold state.
My improvements consist, firstly, in placing in the chamber in addition to
the ordinary blast pipes other pipes through which the air required for the
combustion of the gas or fuel may circulate, so as to acquire a high temperature
before combining therewith; secondly, in constructing the walls or brickwork
of the stove with flues or hollow spaces through which the air may circulate
for the same purpose; thirdly, in using a separate stove or chamber for heating
the air for the same purpose. By the aforesaid means I obtain more perfect
combustion and better results in an economical point of view.
AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OR LOTION FOR DISEASES OF THE EYES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Angelo Ticcozzi at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th October
1867.
I, ANGELO TICCOZZI, of Bedford Street, Bedford Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for.
"AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OR LOTION FOR DISEASES OF THE EYES," to be as
follows:-
This improved preparation or lotion is intended more particularly for the
cure of ophthalmia, but is also applicable and useful for the cure of other
diseases of the eyes.
Without intending to confine myself to the proportions hereafter named,
I may state that the lotion for ophthalmia is composed of the following
ingredients and proportions:-To one quart of water I add half an ounce of
extract of onions, half an ounce of powdered sugar, half an ounce of sulphate
of zinc, and one ounce of white copperas, which contains magnesia, cream of
tartar, and arsenic. When all the ingredients are dissolved in the water the
liquor must be filtered, and then it will be fit for use.
A MECHANICAL TELL-TALE, ALARM, PRINTING AND REPORTING CLOCK
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lewis Hasluck at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th December
1867.
I, LEWIS HASLUCK, of 254, Tottenham Court Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Watch Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A MECHANICAL TELL-TALE, ALARM, PRINTING AND REPORTING CLOCK," to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists of an instrument which indicates the correct time
with a train of wheels and pinions with balance escapement to go eight or more
days, and may be described as follows:-
To the centre arbour is fixed a drum studded with time pins or pegs on the
surface that bites, prints, and secures the paper on which is printed the report
at the exact time at which the push piece (or reporter) has been pressed. An
independant "dittant" communicates with the drum, prints the exact moment
that the guard or watchman reports himself.
N.B. The continued pressure on the push piece would be reported as a
continued line and would show an attempt had been made to disarrange the
instrument. The "dittant" relieves itself and cannot be disarranged without
wilful destruction. The printed reports pass from the drum through a guillotine
arranged to cut the report on opening the report box so that the precise time
of getting access to the box containing the printed report is correctly shown.

page_text: A supply drum is affixed furnishing the necessary paper for eight or more
days and feeds the printing drum. The paper is of a form adapted for filing
as correct evidence of an important trust. An alarm that can be arranged
for especial notice to repeat warning at option by means of independant pins
fixed to hour wheel.