IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARRING PEAT AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND IN BURNING LIME
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Barsham, of Kingston-upon-Thames,
in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CHARRING PEAT AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND IN BURNING
LIME"
Sealed the 3rd November 1853, and dated the 18th May 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Barsham at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th May 1853.
I, JOHN BARSHAM, of Kingston-upon-Thames, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN CHARRING PEAT AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND IN
BURNING LIME" to be as follows,:-
This Invention consists of constructing the kiln or apparatus, in
which peat or vegetable matters are charred and lime burned, double to
contain water. By which arrangement of apparatus the matters under
process (heated by the fire below) are surrounded by water, and the
heat generated by the process is used in producing steam from the
water.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Barsham in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 18th November 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN BARSHAM, of Kingston-upon-Thames, in the County of Surrey,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said John Barsham, Her special
licence that I, the said John Barsham, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Barsham, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARRING PEAT AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES,
AND IN BURNING LIME," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Barsham, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Barsham, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of constructing the kiln or apparatus (in
which peat or vegetable matters are charred and lime burned) double
to contain water. By which arrangement of apparatus the matters
under process (heated by the fire below) are surrounded by water, and

page_text: the heat generated by the process is used in producing steam from the
water.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, I will pro-
ceed to describe the manner in which the same is to be performed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, is a longitudinal section; Figure 2, a plan; and Figure 3,
a cross section of a kiln and apparatus combined according to my
Invention. a, a, is the interior vessel which constitutes the kiln or
chamber, within which matters are to be charred. b, b, is the outer
part of the apparatus, and these two vessels being combined, as shewn,
produce a water. space between them. The bottom of the vessel a, is
made slanting, in order that the charred part of the charge may be
from time to time drawn at the door, or in some cases the whole charge
may be completed, and then have the red hot charred matter put out
by a stream of steam by the pipe c. In order to apply heat to the
bottom of the vessel a, a fire is lighted at d, the heat from which having
passed under the bottom of the vessel a, passes to the chimney, as shewn
by the arrows. At the upper part of the vessel a, is the charging
place e, covered with a c er f, the edges of which dip into a sand
joint, and there is a pipe g, to allow of the
of the vapours
the matters being charred in the vessel a.
strengthened by stays when steam is desired to be generated of a few
pounds above the atmospheric pressure, and the form of these vessels
may be varied so long as it offers an interior suitable to become a
charring chamber for peat or other matters, or for burning lime, the
parts constituting the steam boiler being made of a strength suitable for
the pressure of steam intended to be generated therein. When at
work the peat or other matter to be charred is from time to time to be
fed into the kiln a, a, and the cover is to be closed. The fire will act
on the lower part, and the heat will progressively extend and char the
upper parts of the charge, and the charred matters may either from
time to time be drawn into close receivers, or be put out by steam and
then drawn. When the kiln a, a, is to be used for burning lime the
steam pipe will be dispensed with. The lower part or bottom of the
passage
from
The vessel a, b, may be

page_text: kiln will be arranged with fire-places opening into the kiln in like
manner to ordinary kilns.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I would have it
understood that I make no claim to the parts separately, nor do I
confine myself to the details shown. But what I claim is, the con-
structing kilns or apparatus, in which peat or vegetable matters are
charred and lime burned, double to contain water, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Barsham, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
Witness,
FRED HARRIS.
JOHN BARSHAM. (L.S.)