IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING YARNS, APPLICABLE IN PART TO CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Suggitt, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR DOUBLING YARNS, APPLICABLE IN PART TO CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF
SPINNING MACHINERY.”
Sealed the 27th April 1877, and dated the 14th February 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Suggitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1877.
"
RICHARD SUGGITT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING YARNS, APPLICABLE IN PART TO
CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF SPINNING MACHINERY."
My Invention relates principally to the machinery employed in the doubling of
yarns, but is also partly applicable to throstles or other machines employed in the
spinning of yarns. In the said doubling machines, when the yarns break between
the rollers and the flyers, the tendency is for the yarns to become wound upon the
rollers, whereby waste of yarn is occasioned.
The object of my Invention is to lessen this waste of yarn, and to this end I in
the first place employ an arrangement which on the breakage of a yarn causes the
said yarn to be nipped or held between the rollers, whereby the supply of the said
yarn to the rollers ceases. The yarn passes from the rollers to the flyer through, or
over an eye, or a wire or guide on the longer arm of a lever which is arranged to
swivel, and is formed or provided with a slightly preponderating balance weight.
The shorter arm of the said lever acts upon a gripping piece or movable jaw; the
yarn passes between the said movable jaw and a fixed jaw or part. The tension of
the yarn acting on the lever causes the said lever to maintain a passage for yarn
between the said jaws, but on the yarn breaking, the said balance weight acts on
the lever to close the jaws, whereby the yarn is gripped.
In one arrangement the said movable jaw turns upon one end as a fulcrum, and

page_text: is formed with a slot into which the shorter arm of the lever enters, a strain upon
the nipped yarn tending to tighten the nip. In the second place I employ a pair
of levers or a lever frame which is fitted to swivel upon a fulcrum or upon fulcra
below the lower roller. The yarn proceeding from the rollers runs in contact with
a cross bar wire or guide, and the tension of the yarn sustains the said lever frame
out of action. When the said yarn breaks, the said frame swivels until its upper
ends come into contact with the gudgeons of the upper roller or with collars
thereon, and the motions of the roller and frame continuing, the said roller is raised
from contact with the lower roller, the said frame ends being formed with a curva-
ture which will produce the said effect.
In another arrangement the fulcra of a lever frame are situated above or higher
than the axis of the lower roller, and the said frame is formed or provided with a
weight which is directly over the said fulcra, or nearly so, when the lower end of
the said frame or of a downward projecting part thereof is acted upon by the yarn
proceeding from the rollers. On the said yarn breaking, the said frame is permitted
to swivel, and the said weight moves away from the vertical line through the said
fulcra with increasing force, until suitably shaped parts of the frame come into con-
tact with the gudgeons or collars of the upper roller, when the leverage of the said
weight will be sufficient to raise the said roller.
In a remaining arrangement, shorter arms or parts of a lever frame take the place
of the fixed cheeks on the cap bar on one side of the upper roller, and serve to retain
the said upper roller in working position, the gudgeons of the said roller tending
towards the said arms or parts. When the yarn breaks the said lever frame swivels
on its fulcra, whereby the said shorter arms are withdrawn so as no longer to retain
the upper roller in position. The revolving contact of the gudgeons of the said
roller with the said arms tends to aid in the said withdrawal. When the said arms
are withdrawn the upper roller is free to roll away, the gudgeons passing on to
inclined or curved ledges on the cap bar, which ledges convey the said roller out of
contact with 'the lower roller.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard Suggitt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
August 1877.
RICHARD SUGGITT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING YARNS, APPLICABLE IN PART TO
CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF SPINNING MACHINERY."
My Invention relates principally to the machinery employed in the doubling of
yarns, but is also partly applicable to throstles or other machines employed in the
spinning of yarns. In the said doubling machines, when the yarns break between
the rollers and the flyers, the tendency is for the yarns to become wound upon the
rollers, whereby waste of yarn is occasioned.
The object of my Invention is to lessen this waste of yarn, and to this end I in
the first place employ an arrangement which on the breakage of a yarn causes the
said yarn to be nipped or held, whereby the supply of the said yarn to the rollers
ceases. In the second place I employ a pair of levers or a lever frame which is
fitted to swivel upon a fulcrum or upon fulcra below the lower roller, and is sus-
tained out of action by the tension of the yarn. When the yarn breaks the said
frame swivels, until its upper ends come into contact with the gudgeons of the
upper roller or with collars thereon, and the motions of the roller and frame con-
tinuing, the said roller is raised from contact with the lower roller. In the third

page_text: place I employ a lever frame with fulcra situated above or higher than the axis of
the lower roller, and the said frame is formed or provided with a weight. On the
said yarn breaking, the said frame is permitted to swivel and the said weight moves
away from the vertical line through the said fulcra with increasing force, until
suitably shaped parts of the frame come into contact with the gudgeons or collars of
the upper roller, when the leverage of the said weight will be sufficient to raise the
said roller.
In a remaining part of my Invention shorter arms or parts of a lever frame take
the place of the fixed cheeks on the cap bar entirerly or only on one side of the
upper roller, and serve to retain the said upper roller in working position, the
gudgeons of the said roller tending towards the said arms or parts.
When the yarn
breaks the said lever frame swivels on its fulcra, whereby the said shorter arms are
withdrawn so as no longer to retain the upper roller in position, which is then free
to roll away out of contact with the lower roller.
And in order that my Invention may be readily described and understood, I have
appended hereunto a Sheet of Drawings made about the full size and marked with
letters of reference, corresponding marks indicating the same parts in the various
Figures.
Referring to the said Drawings, Figs. 1 to 4 illustrate the first part of my Inven-
tion, Fig. 1 being an elevation in which the lower roller of an ordinary doubling
frame is represented in cross section, and Fig. 2 a plan. In the said Figs., A is the
lower roller, B is the upper roller, and C is the cap bar, these parts being of any
ordinary or suitable construction, together with other parts of the frame which
it has not been considered necessary to illustrate. To the back rail is fixed a forked
bracket a, the upper part of which is recessed to receive the trunnions of a lever b.
The said lever is formed with a weight which tends to move the end of the longer
arm of the lever away from the lower roller. The end of the said arm is provided
with a finger bar or projection C, over which the yarn passes when proceeding from
the rollers, the tension of the yarn tending to press the end of the lever towards the
roller. The shorter end of the lever enters a slot formed in a gripping piece or
movable jaw d, which is represented more clearly in plan in Fig. 3, in which
Figure some of the parts in Fig. 2 are removed. One of end of the said gripping piece
enters a recess in the base of the bracket a, and the said gripping piece is free to
turn upon this end as upon a fulcrum. The yarn proceeding to the rollers passes
between the other end of the gripping piece, and a fixed jaw e which is formed on
the base of the bracket. So long as the yarn remains intact the gripper is held
back in the position represented in Fig. 2; but on the yarn breaking, the movement
of the lever b being no longer restrained, the end c moves outwards, and the shorter
arm of the lever closes the gripping piece on the yarn, as represented in Fig. 3.
Any strain on the yarn will then only tend to tighten the grip of the jaws, the
result being that the supply of yarn to the rollers is stopped. I prefer to so adjust
the weight as that a very slight force exerted by the yarn will keep the gripping
piece away from the said fixed jaw. This arrangement may be greatly modified.
Fig. 4 illustrates one modification, wherein the yarn is gripped between the end
of the shorter arm of the lever and the base of the bracket, or any fixed part, when
the lever moves or falls over on the breakage of the yarn. The finger cover which
the yarn passes may be formed in one piece with the lever, or may consist of a stud
or pin riveted or secured thereto, or of a glass rod, or of a glass tube mounted on a
rod or secured to the lever, or of an arm to which is fixed a piece of glass, in manner
as will be herein-after indicated.
Figs. 5 to 8 illustrate the second part of my Invention, Figs. 5 and 7 being cross
sectional elevations, and Fig. 6 a front view of the upper roller and the lever frame,
herein-after mentioned. In the said Figures a lever frame fis mounted upon fulcra
situated at g below the lower roller. The said frame consists of two side arms
connected together by a cross bar h. The yarn proceeding from the rollers passes
over and in contact with the said cross bar, and by its pressure thereon sustains the

page_text: frame somewhat in the position represented in Fig. 5. When the yarn breaks the
frame is no longer sustained in the indicated position, and the upper ends of the
sides move in the direction indicated by the arrow until they come in contact with
the gudgeons of the upper roller, represented by the dotted circle, or with collars
thereon. The revolving motion of the roller continuing, the said roller acts as a
driver upon the lever frame, and the motion of the said frame being thereby con-
tinued the said roller is raised out of contact with the lower roller, in manner as
indicated in Fig. 6. The upper ends of the sides of the said lever frame are
formed to such a suitable curvature as will have the indicated effect upon the
roller. In the example the fulcra of the said frame are formed in an adjustable
bracket i, which is secured to the "stand beam" in the doubling frame, but the
arrangement for supporting the said lever frame may be varied as may be con-
sidered to be suitable in each case.
If preferred for any reason, the lever frame may be sustained by single fulcrum,
arranged between the two sides of the said frame, or otherwise arranged.
Fig. 8 illustrates a method I have adopted for preventing the nicking of the parts
over which the yarn passes, and is applicable to other parts of my Invention. I
form a recess in the cross bar h, and cement or otherwise secure a piece of glass k in
the said recess.
to
Fig. 9 illustrates the third part of my Invention. In this example the upper
roller is also raised out of contact with the lower roller by the action of a lever
frame when the yarn breaks. The said lever frame is composed of two sides or
levers, which are united by means of a cross bar m, or are otherwise connected
together so as to act in unison. Upon each side is cast or formed a trunnion which
rests in a suitably shaped recess formed at the bottom of the groove in the cap bar,
in which the gudgeon of the upper roller works, as indicated separately by Fig. 10.
In case the arrangement is to be applied to apparatus fitted with ordinary forms of
cap bars the fulcra of the lever frame may be formed in adjustable brackets secured
any suitable part of the apparatus. Upon one of the two sides of the lever frame
a weight n is cast or formed, and one of the said sides is also extended downwards
to carry a stud or finger o, over which the yarn runs when proceeding from the
rollers. So long as the yarn remains unbroken the said weight is sustained nearly
over the fulcra of the lever frame, being only so much on one side of a vertical line
drawn through the said fulcra as is necessary to balance the parts, and to have a
slight preponderance, so as to cause the finger o to bear lightly against the yarn.
When the yarn breaks the weight falls over, whereby the curved tops of the sides
of the lever frame are brought in contact with the gudgeons of the roller or with
collars thereon. The moving of the weight outwards from the said vertical line by
increasing its leverage, and thereby its power, enables the said weight to raise the
top roller by the action thereon of the tops of the lever frame, which act as in the
case of cams or tappets.
The arrangement may be modified so long as the action of the weight is retained.
If preferred both sides of the frame may be extended downwards, and be con-
nected with and by a cross bar, which would occupy the place of the finger o; and
also the upper ends of both of the said sides may be extended so as to be connected
with the weight, in which case the said weight may be in the form of a bar, con-
necting together the upper ends of the said sides.
The remaining Figures are illustrative of the remaining part of my Invention.
In these examples I employ a cap bar C, which is specially formed to sustain lever
frames p.
In Figs. 11 and 13, each lever frame consists of two levers which are cast or
formed together, and connected by a cross bar q. The top roller is indicated by
dotted lines. Each lever is formed with a trunnion which rests in a recess in the
cap bar. Fig. 12 represents a plan of the arrangement. The upper part of each
lever is formed with a jaw or recess into which a gudgeon of the top roller enters,
one of the said gudgeons being shown in section in Figs. 11 and 13. The said gud-

page_text: geons bear against the curved parts p² of the levers and the said parts sustain the
roller in position. The action of the gudgeons on the parts p¹ tends to depress the
said parts, and thereby to cause the lever frame to rock on its trunnions and the
cross bar q to be moved outwards from the rollers. This tendency is resisted by
the pressure of the yarn upon the said cross bar, the lever frame being thereby
retained in the position indicated in Fig. 11. When the yarn breaks the lever frame
is free to yield to the action of the upper roller, and is thereby moved into a position
somewhat as indicated in Fig. 13. The parts p' being now withdrawn below the
gudgeons of the top roller, the said roller is free to move away out of its working
position, and then passes over the extremities of the lever frame, as indicated in the
Figure, and rolls into a recess in the cap bar, being then out of contact with the
lower roller. When the broken yarn has been pieced, it is simply necessary to
replace the top roller, the lever frame requiring no attention or adjustment; I prefer
to so form and proportion the lever frame as that its position of repose when sus-
'pended by its trunnions, is about the position assumed when the yarn is unbroken,
so the said frame tends to assume its correct working position without the attention
of the operator.
..
:
Modifications may be made in this arrangement without departing from the prin-
ciple of action. Fig. 14 illustrates one modification which is suitable for use in
cases wherein the top roller has a tendency to move forwards, that is to say, to the
right hand in the Drawing. In this example each gudgeon of the roller is retained
in working position by the side & of the recess in the lever, and when the yarn
breaks and the said part becomes depressed, the gudgeons pass over the said parts
into the recesses t, which sustain the roller out of contact with the lower roller.
The lever fraine is further modified by connecting the two levers together by means
of a cross bar u, in which case one lever only need be extended to receive a finger
o, over which the yarn passes.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature of my said Invention, and
methods of carrying the same into practical effect, I would have it to be understood
in conclusion that I claim,-
First. The arrangements, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and
indicated herein-before when referring to Figs. 1 to 4 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Secondly. The employment for the indicated purposes of jaws or parts for nipping
and holding the yarn, and of a lever and finger, or part upon which the yarn acts
to keep the nipping part or parts out of action.
Thirdly. The arrangements, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and
indicated herein-before, and by Figs. 5 to 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. The employment of lever frames mounted upon fulcra below the lower
rollers, kept out of action by the tension of the yarns, and when permitted to act,
raising the upper rollers by virtue of the motion imparted by the parts of the upper
rollers with which the said lever frames are brought into contact, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth and indicated herein-before, and in and by the last-
named Figures.
Fifthly. The arrangement, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and
indicated herein-before, when referring to Fig. 9 of the accompanying Drawings.
Sixthly. The employment of weighted levers or lever frames which remain in.
positions nearly balanced whilst the yarn is unbroken, but which, on the
yarn breaking, move into positions which enable the unbalanced weights to
raise the top rollers, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and indicated
herein-before, and in and by the last-named Figures.
Seventhly. The arrangements substantially as and for the purposes set forth and
indicated when referring to Figs. 11 to 14 of the accompanying Drawings.
And, lastly. The employment of lever frames arranged to rock upon fulcra, and
to retain the upper rollers in position whilst the yarn remains unbroken, and to
·

page_text: move into positions which permit the escape of the said rollers when the yarn breaks,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth and indicated herein-before, and by
the last-named Figures.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Suggitt, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Signed and sealed by the said Richard
Suggitt, in the presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent to the Patentee,
3, Princess Street,
Manchester.
RICHARD SUGGITT. (L.S.)