Improved System of Water Supply.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved System of Water Supply.
We, ROBERT HARDING and GEORGE HARDING trading as R. Harding & Son
of 75 Arodene Road Brixton S. W. Sanitary Hydraulic and Gas Engineers, etc.,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our improved system of water supply consists of a strong galvanized iron close
top cylindrical cistern capable of standing the pressure of main, with air valve at
top which closes securely when full, and opens to adunit air for empting. The
bottom being conical renders it self cleansing. To the centre of bottom one only.
communication pipe from main is attached. The retaining valve is fixed at the lowest
point of this pipe. At any point of this single communication pipe between retaining
valve and cistern a branch can be taken off for draw tap or taps, for waste
preventing cistern or cisterns, so that all water is drawn from the constant supply
of main direct, when in the event of main being shut down the water retained in
cistern can be drawn from the same taps.
4th December 1895.
ROBERT HARDING.
GEORGE HARDING.
We ROBERT HARDING and GEORGE HARDING trading as R. Harding & Son,
Sanitary and Hydraulic Engineers, etc., of 75 Arodene Road Brixton S.W. do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
Our improved system of water supply cousists of a strong galvanized iron or
other metal or ware cistern capable of sustaining the full pressure of the main.
Made in two different forms. Fig. 1 No. 1 Sheet being cylindrical with conical
self cleansing bottom A for fixing in perpendicular position, with screwed flange
for inlet pipe B fixed to the lowest point of conical bottom A, with raised top C
secured to the angle iron projecting flange D at top of cylinder with bolts & nuts E
and guttapercha washer F to admit of being opened if required, with screwed
flange G for float valve fixed to centre of raised top C. so that all the air can be
displaced with water. From the top of this float valve H as shown on Fig. 2,
No. 1 Sheet an escape or exhaust pipe I is attached and carried either up or down
with its end over a sink or through an outer wall with air strainer.
Fig. 2. The form to resemble a barrel on its side for fixing in a horizontal
position. With screwed flange for inlet pipe A fixed to the centre and lowest
point of belly B. so as to be self cleansing, and screwed flange C for float valve
fixed to the centre and highest part of belly D so that all the air might be displaced
with water as in Fig. 1 with escape or exhaust pipe as described.

page_text: One end U of this cistern to be secured to the angle iron projecting flange K.
with bolts and nuts L and guttapercha washer M to admit of being opened if
required, the same as top of Fig. 1. The communication pipe N from main O in
road will enter the house in the usual way, going direct to the cistern and connect
to the screwed flange A affixed to the lowest point of the bottom B for that
purpose, through this pipe the cistern will fill, no other pipe is required and no
ball tap. When the cistern is full the float valve H having allowed all the air to
escape will rise to its seat and shut off sound by the pressure of water from within.
The contents being thereby hermetically sealed and thus preserved pure from dust,
dirt, disease, foul gas, or any impure particles which may be floating in the air, for
which exposed water has so great an attraction.
To this communication pipe N the draw tap or taps P is attached. By this
means water can be drawn direct from the main whilst the water is on. In the
event of its being shut off for repairs (etc.) our retaining valve R fixed on the main
side of draw taps, will close and retain the water in cistern which can then be
drawn from the same tap or taps. The float valve H will open to admit of air for
that purpose.
The float valve Fig. 3 shown full size on No. 2 Sheet and noted by letter H on
No. 1 Sheet Fig. 2 consists of a guttapercha ball A enclosed in brass chamber B
with freedom to rise with water and close up against brass seating C with india-
rubber disk D perfectly water tight after all the air has escaped. The top end F
which forms the seating is screwed into chamber B on indiarubber disk which
forms the upper part of enclosure H. The bottom end G is screwed into the same
chamber B and forms the lower of enclosure H on which the ball drops to admit
air, being grooved for that purpose.
The retaining valve R is precisely the same in make as the float valve H except.
that it is fixed in the opposite direction, with solid indiarubber ball closing down
on brass seating without the indiarubber disk, and retains all the water above
it. This retaining valve R is fixed on the lowest point of rising pipe as shown on
No. 1 Sheet, Fig. 2.
The horizontal retaining valve Fig. 4 shown full size on No. 2 Sheet in plan
and elevation is designed for fixing in horizontal pipe close to stopcock S if
desired instead of valve R. and consists of body A screwed each end, with
horizontal seating B, on which indiarubber ball C drops to retain water, and
rises to let water pass the inlet being below this seating and outlet above, the
ball C being accessible by means of top D screwed into body A with a hexagon
head.
The air strainer Fig. 5 for fixing on outer end of escape or exhaust pipe as
shown on Fig. 2 and marked J consists of a screw socket A with brass wire frame B.
surrounded with fine copper gauze C.
Our improved system of water supply is also designed to serve as an accumulator
and auxillary, where a small inlet only is obtainable and larger draughts required
occasionally, or in places where the draught is impoverished by excessive drawing
in the locality.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is an entire new system of water supply by means of
1st. The use of a strong close top self cleansing high pressure cistern for storing
water, filled through the bottom and closed at top, by means of float valve, which
after allowing all the air to escape, closes by rise of water, and is kept secure by
the pressure.
2nd. One pipe only being necessary to and from the cistern to which all draw
taps are attached to enable pure water to be drawn direct from main, and when
main is shut down from cistern through same taps.
3rd. The retention of a store of pure water from which all contamination is

page_text: excluded is effected by a retaining valve at bottom of pipe, a float valve at top of
cistern by which it is hermetically sealed, and protected by an air strainer from the:
admission of impurities in the air, having regard to health.
Dated this 4th day of January 1896.
ROBERT HARDING,
GEORGE HARDING,.
Applicants.