IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW AND OTHER FASTENINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Priessnitz Bonwick, of Conningham Road,
Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, for an invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW AND OTHER FASTENINGS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Priessnitz
Bonwick at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th
February 1882.
WILLIAM PRIESSNITZ BONWICK of Conningham Road, Shepherd's Bush, in the
County of Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW. AND OTHER FASTENINGS
"
"
This Invention is designed chiefly to produce a simple strong and efficient
window fastener without springs and such that the window cannot be unfastened
by a knife or by a wire or cord, or by sawing through the fastener or forcing it off.
For this purpose a plate of suitable form to be fastened on the upper sash has
fastened to it by a screw bolt rivet or pin I will call the centre of motion a tubular
bar which I will call the arm able to move radially about the said screw bolt or
pin. At a suitable distance from the centre of motion this arm is perforated to
receive a pin which I will call the drop piece and which is capable of being moved
to a limited extent upward or downward in the hole in the arin for a purpose to
be named presently. Within the arm is enclosed a rod bar or piece of metal ablo
to rotate freely therein so that on any attempt to sever the arm by sawing; the
saw, after penetrating the wall of the tubular arm will come in contact with the
enclosed rod bar or piece of metal which, as the saw works against it will move in
a rotary sense to and fro, and prevent the saw from cutting further. On the other
sash is provided a cam-like device or curved plate which I will call the catch so
formed that when the arm is moved so that its free end comes over the lower sash
the lower end of the drop piece will descend into position opposite the catch.
When the arm is still further moved and comes into a position approximately at
right angles to the bars of the sashes, the sashes will be drawn together by the
operation of the drop piece or of peg or projection on the arm acting upon the
Dan C11

page_text: catch. The return of the arm into the unlocked position by an operator outside
the window will be prevented by reason of the lower end of the drop piece coming
in contact with a stop or stops on the lower sash, so that the unfastening can
only be effected by raising the drop piece before completing the unlocking
movement.
When the arm is moved into the unlocked position it comes against a suitable
stop and is retained there by the lower end of the drop piece entering a suitable
recess. In some cases it is advantageous to make the drop piece or the peg or
projection on the arm somewhat inclined so that the lower end of the drop piece
or projection may when the arm is in the locked position, engage below a projecting
part of the catch thus locking down the free end of the arm.
The arrangement above described may be modified by providing the arm which
may in such case be solid with an external tubular part, which will move in a
rotary sense on being operated upon by a saw
According to a modification the arm is made of a bent form at its free end so as
itself to draw and hold the sashes together and is so arranged at its centre of motion
that its free end can be raised sufficiently to clear the lower sash for unfastening
the window; the drop piece or equivalent is so formed and applied to the bent end
of this arm that it will prevent raising of the arm from without when the arm is
in the closed position
A. drop pieco similar to those above described may be applied to the arm
of an ordinary fastener to increase its security and obviate the necessity for
a spring.
Metallic rods or bars may be used in combination with metallic tubes or cases
as hereinabove described to form door bolts and also in lieu of the ordinary solid
bars for protecting windows and other openings.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Priessnitz Bonwick in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th August 1882.
WILLIAM PRIESSNITZ BONWICK of Conningham Road, Shepherd's Bush in the
County of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW AND OTHER FASTENINGS
This Invention is designed chiefly to produce a simple strong and efficient
window fastener without springs and such that the window cannot be unfastened
by a knife or by a wire or cord, or by sawing through the fastener or
forcing it off. For this purpose a plate of suitable form to be fastened on the
upper sash has fastened to it by a screw, bolt, rivet, or pin which I will call the
centre of motion, a tubular bar which I will call the arm able to move radially
about the said screw bolt or pin. At a suitable distance from the centre of motion
this arm is perforated to receive a pin which I will call the drop piece and which
is capable of being moved to a limited extent upward or downward in the hole in
the arm for a purpose to be named presently. Within the arm is enclosed a rod,
bar or piece of metal able to rotate freely therein so that on any attempt to sever
the arm by sawing or filing, the saw or file after penetrating the wall of the
tubular arm will come in contact with the enclosed rod, bar or piece of metal
which, as the saw or file works against it will move in a rotary sense to and fro,
and prevent the saw from cutting further. On the other sush is provided a cam-
like device or curved plate which I will call the catch so formed that when the arm
is moved so that its free end comes over the lower sash the lower end of the drop
piece will descend into position opposite the catch. When the arm is still further
moved and comes into a position approximately at right angles to the bars of the
sashes, the sashes will be drawn together by the operation of the drop piece or of
a peg or projection on the arm acting upon the catch. The return of the arm into
the unlocked position by an operator outside the window will be prevented by
reason of the lower end of the drop piece coming in contact with a stop or stops on
the lower sash so that the unfastening can only be effected by raising the drop
piece before completing the unlocking movement.
When the arm is moved into the unlocked position it comes against a suitable
stop and is retained there by the lower end of the drop piece entering a suitable
recess. In some cases it is advantageous to make the drop piece or the peg or
projection on the arm somewhat inclined so that the lower end of the drop piece
or projection may, when the arm is in the locked position, engage below a pro-
jecting part of the catch thus locking down the free end of the arm.
The arrangement above described may be modified by providing the arm, which
nay in such case be solid, with an external tubular part, which will move in a
rotary sense on being operated upon by a saw or file.
Metallic rods or bars may be used in combination with metallic tubes or cases
liereinabove described to form door bolts and also in lieu of tho ordinary solid bars
for protecting windows and other openings.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings Fig 1 is a plan of a window
fastener according to my Invention. Fig 2 is an elevation of the plate for attach-
ment to the upper sash. Fig 3 is an elevation of the catch, which is attached to
the lower sash, and Fig 4 is an elevation of the arm.
a is the plate to be fastened on the upper sash, b is a bolt, screw, rivet, or pin
forming the centre of motion for the arm c. This bolt may either be connected to
the plate a or may be passed into or through the sash bar to prevent the fastening
being forced off the said bar,-it may be secured by a head or nut on its under-
side, or be screwed into the sash bar, as illustrated in Fig 18. The arm c is able

page_text: to move radially about the centre b, and is perforated near its free end to receive
a pin d, which constitutes the drop piece, and is capable of being moved upwards
and downwards to an extent limited by the stop e and recess f (see Fig 4). Within
the arm c there is enclosed a metal bar g by preference of circular cross section
able to rotate freely in case an attempt be made to saw through the arm. h is the
catch, attached to the lower sash by screws or other convenient means and provided
with a curved or cam like parti and a stop j. This stop j is not placed in the
usual position, so as to lock the arm at right angles to the window, but to lock it
in an intermediate or diagonal position, as from the warping of the wood, or from
careless fitting, it often happens that the arm cannot be moved to its extreme
position. Sometimes I place a second stop in the ordinary position, such stop
being however additional to the stop j. When the arm c is moved so that its free
end comes over and past the plate h, the lower end of the drop piece d falls over
the stop j, and, as it is moved further, engages with the curved or cam-like
portion i, and, using that as an abutment, draws the two sashes together. The
drop piece d is shewn in this arrangement inclined in order that its end may
obtain a firm hold of the cam like portion of the catch. If an attempt be made to
force the arm back by means of a knife or other instrument passed between the
sashes it will be stopped when it has made a short motion by the end of the drop
piece d coming against the stop j. is a stop on the plate a to prevent the arm
striking the glass of the window, and Z is a recess into which the drop piece falls
when the arm is in the unlocked position, and is thereby held securely thus
obviating the necessity of employing a spring for the purpose. This recess may
have perpendicular sides as shewn in Fig 2, or one of its sides may be inclined as
in Fig 5, to facilitate the raising of the drop pioce when the arm is moved to
fasten the window.
Fig 5 is a plan of a modification of my improved window fastener slewing the
arm locked in the intermediate or diagonal position
Fig 6 is an elevation of the plate a to be fastened to the upper sash
Fig 7 is an elevation shewing the catch and the arm clocked therein in its
intermediate or diagonal position. In this arrangement the plate a is similar to
that described with reference to Figs 1 and 2, except that the stop k is at the end
instead of near the middle and that one side (the inner one) of the recess is
formed with an incline . The object of this incline is that when the arm cis
moved radially to fasten the window the drop piece d shall be forced upwards to
free it from the recess without a lifting effort on the part of the operator-The
catch h has two stops ; and j', of which one, j, serves to lock the arm in a diagonal
position or attitude, and the other, j', to lock the arm at right angles to the sash
bar. As shown in the drawing the stop j is formed by stamping or otherwise
forming an inclined tongue m in the plate h, and depressing its free end. This
tongue is inclined in such a direction that the stop j offers no impediment to the
*motion of the arm in its passage to the second stop j' in fastening the window, but
engages with the drop piece d when the arm is moved in the direction to unlock
the fastener in which case the drop piece must be raised by the operator in order
that it may pass over the stop j. The arm chas a projection or hook like portion n
to engage with the curved or cam like part ȧ of the catch h.
Fig 8 is an isometrical view of another modification of my improved window
fastener, shewing the arm in the unfastened or back position. Fig 9 is an inverted
plan of the arm, and Fig 10 is an elevation of the catch.
In this arrangement the stop j is constructed in the form of a rib, flange or
projection cast or otherwise formed on the catch h and the cam like portion i is
raised above the general level of the catch. The roller g is held in the arm c by
means of ears or projections oo which are formed so as to admit it into a cavity
provided in the arm and are afterwards turned over to retain it.
Fig 11 is a plan of another modification of my improved window fastener.
Fig 12 is an elevation of plate a; Fig 13 is an end view of the same shewing the
inclined recess, and Fig 14 is an elevation of the catch. Fig 15 is an elevation of

page_text: the arm, and Fig 10 is an inverted plan of the same, shewing the internal
roller g.
In this arrangement the stop j is raised above the general level of the catch
plate hand the stop j¹ is formed by an extension of the same plate. The can like
part i is situated over the arm, and serves to support it against an upward force,
and a peg or projection n on the arm acting against i draws the sashes together.
The recess has an inclined side l'as shewn in Fig 13, to facilitate the motion of
the arm in locking the window.
Fig 17 is a detail view of the drop piece & shewn in Figs 5, 7 8, and 11.
Fig. 18 shews a screw acting as the centre of motion of the arm and capable of
being screwed into the sash bar.
Figs 19 and 20 are plan and elevation of a modified form of plate /, suitable for
use in place of the plate / shewn in Fig 5.
Fig 21 shews an arrangement of arm in which the drop piece is situated beyond
the projection that engages with the cam-like portion i.
It is to be noted that although I deem it advantageous in all cases to provide
the arm of the fastener with a rod, bar or piece of metal (it may as already stated
be an external tube) able to rotate so as to prevent severance of the arm by sawing
or filing, yet fasteners such as hereinabove described and illustrated may, in some
cases, be constructed without such a device.
Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the manner in which
it is to be performed I would have it understood that I am aware that window
fasteners have been made in which a drop piece was used, and also that appliances
have been employed to lock a fastener arm in a position at right angles to the
sash bar and therefore I lay no claim to the separate use of such arrangement, but
what I consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as secured to me by
the Letters Patent herein before in part recited is :-
1. The use in connection with the arm of a window fastener of a rod, bar or
piece of metal able to rotate freely, to prevent the arm from being sawn or filed
through substantially as described.
2. In a window fastener the use in combination with an arm arranged to move
radially of a drop piece such as d and a stop such as j, the latter being so situated
that it will lock the fastener in an intermediate or diagonal position substantially
as described.
3. The improved fasteners constructed arranged and operating, substantially as
hereinabove respectively described with reference to and illustrated in Figs 1 to 4
inclusive, in Figs 5 to 7 inclusive,-in Figs 8 to 10 inclusive and in Figs 11 to 16
inclusive.
In witness whereof I the said William Priessnitz Bonwick have hereunto
set my hand and seal this twenty sixth day of August in the year of our