IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS· PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris,
France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES."—A communication from Pierre
Audioan moiding at In Chanalla Wanas Mechinist
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien
Bonneville at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 13th December 1875.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING
RAILWAY CARRIAGES," communicated to me by Pierre Grandjean, a person
resident at La Chapelle, France, Machinist, to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the warming of railway carriages, and
consists of a foot warmer which is placed transversely at each compart

page_text: ment of the carriage, the plate forming the upper part of the said
apparatus being fixed on a level with the floor of the carriage which is
cut and partly taken away for this purpose.
This foot warmer is composed of a closed box with double sides,
between which may be placed felt or any other suitable non-conducting
material to prevent to radiation of the caloric, and of several inner
casings with a certain distance left between each, and between which
the atmospheric air. entering through openings in one of the doors of the
apparatus which are placed at its ends circulates, becomes heated, and is
afterwards dispersed outside through openings in the other door. In
the inside of the inner casing is placed the moveable fire-box formed of
two boxes connected together at their inner ends by a hook, and which
may be withdrawn from the apparatus indifferently by one or other of
the doors of the latter. In this fire-box or these boxes, the sides of
which are perforated with holes to-facilitate the combustion, artificial
fuel is burnt to heat the air circulating between the casings. This fuel
is placed on a cross wire net or a wire gauze resting on the bottom of
the fire box to facilitate the combustion.
4
The whole apparatus, that is to say, the closed box, the casings, and
the fire-box is made of sheet iron, cast iron, or any other suitable
metal.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th June 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI S
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting..
.
1
:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, Her
special licence, that I; the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors,

page_text: . A, A, are the moveable and portable fire-boxes; B, B, their handles;
C, C, doors for the introduction of the fire-boxes into the apparatus at
each end of the latter; D, holes for the introduction of the air between
the two first external casings; E, E, springs for stopping the fire-boxes
in the inside of the apparatus; F, F, holes in the plate of the doors for
the introduction of the air required for the combustion; G, G, plates
serving for shields before the holes F, F, to prevent the direct throwing
of the air on to the fuel in the fire-boxes; H, H, passages between the
said plates and doors for the introduction of the air flowing through the
holes F; J, J, springs to keep the fire-boxes at a distance from the

page_text: inner casing, and contrive a passage for the circulation of the air on
each side of the fire-boxes; K, K, wire gauze in the bottom of the fire-
boxes, and upon which the fuel is placed that it may not be in contact
with the bottom of the fire-boxes and so may burn more casily; L, outer
casing of the apparatus; M, sheet iron squares to maintain the
separation between the casings; N, screws for fixing the apparatus to
the flooring of the carriages; O, holes in the four vertical sides of the
fire-boxes for the flowing into the fire-boxes of the air required for the
combustion; P, air chamber between the outer upper casing L and the
second casing V; R, second thick sheet iron plates placed directly
above the fire-boxes for preventing the too intense radiation of the heat
of the fire-boxes upon the upper outside casing L; S, air chamber
formed by the separation between the first casing L and the second
casing V, in which the air introduced by the holes D of the ends of the
apparatus and heated prevents the inside of the apparatus from becoming
cold; T, second air chamber between the second casing V and the third
casing Q; U, U, holes in the upper inside casing V for the passage of
the gases and products of the combustion, and to increase the heat
towards the middle of the apparatus; X, sheet iron plate forming two
inclined planes in opposite directions between the fire-boxes and the
outlet chimneys Y of the gases and products of the combustion in order
to bring the heated air as close as possible to the lower surface of the
first upper casing L; Z, Z, covering plates placed in front of the
chimneys Y for preventing the air from being introduced into the
apparatus during the progress of the carriage, and for facilitating the
exit of the gases and products of the combustion by the passages d'on
each side of the said plates; e, felt surrounding the apparatus to prevent
the radiation of the heat and the cooling of the apparatus; f, wood and
zinc casing having the same purpose and protecting the felt from all
injury.
:
Having thus described the said Invention, and the manner of carrying
it into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine the same
to the precise details above enumerated, which may be slightly modified
without departing from the principle on which the Invention is based;
but what I claim and desire to secure by the said Royal Letters Patent
is, an apparatus for warming railway or tramway carriages or others,
and which may also be used as a foot warmer consisting of boxes of any
shape formed of several casings inside which are placed one or two

page_text: moveable fire-boxes, substantially as above described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six.