IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVE ACTUATING ARRANGEMENTS FOR STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, LEON BERNARD CARRICABURU, of No. 32 West 31st Street, in the City and
State of New York, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the
nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVE ACTUATING ARRANGEMENTS
FOR STEAM ENGINES, to be as follows:-
•
The object of this invention is to cause one steam engine to regulate the move-
ment of another steam engine so that the two or more engines will run in harmony.
This is especially useful where the engines are used with direct acting pumps.
One of the steam cylinders is provided with a valve that is actuated by valve
moving pistons in cylinders. To this extent the engine is similar to that shewn in
my English Patent, No 11,427 granted August 19th 1884, and in my United States
Patent, No 303,703 granted Aug. 19, 1884, but instead of the ports that lead the
steam to the valve moving cylinders and pistons going to the ports and cylinder of
the same engine, there are ports leading to the cylinder of a second or adjoining
engine, so that the piston of that second engine acts as a valve to the ports that
lead to the valve moving cylinders and pistons of the first engine.
As the piston of the second engine moves along it covers both the ports leading
to the valve moving cylinders of the first engine, and then the further movement
uncovers one of the ports, admitting live steam to move the valve of the first
engine, and the vapours confined in the other port and cylinder of the valve
moving piston, cushion the valve moving piston to prevent concussion. Upon the
return stroke of the second engine, the steam is simultaneously exhausted from the
ports leading to the valve moving devices of the first engine, and then the ports are
covered and uncovered in the reverse order by the piston of the second engine, and
the valve of the first engine is reversed and the piston of the first engine is moved
the other way.
By this improvement the valve of the first engine is controlled by the movement
of the piston of the second engine which acts as a valve to the ports and it is
immaterial what character of valve motion is used in the second engine; it
a rocker, such as in my English Patent No 11,428 dated Aug. 19, 1884, or in my
may be
United States patent N° 303,706, dated Aug. 19, 1884, or this second engine may
be of any desired character.

page_text: In further carrying out my invention I sometimes place three engines side by
side, the outer engines being of ordinary construction, and the middle engine made
with valve moving pistons in cylinders as aforesaid and I duplicate the ports or
pipes leading from such valve moving piston cylinders, and lead them to each of
the cylinders of the outer engines and place either automatic or hand valves or
cocks in the ports or pipes leading to the outer engines, so that the valve of the
middle engine can be controlled and moved by steam from either of the outer
engines, and either engine can be stopped for cleaning or repairs or thrown out of
action as may be required.
I still further elaborate or carry out my improvements by placing two cylinders
side by side, each cylinder, valve, valve moving pistons and their cylinders, being
such as hereinbefore described and called the first engine, and I use ports leading
from the main cylinder of one engine to the valve moving cylinders and pistons of
the other engine, such ports crossing from the main cylinder of one engine to the
valve moving cylinders of the other engine and the piston of one engine acting as
a valve to admit steam to move the valve of the other engine, so that when the
piston of one engine reaches the end of its stroke there is a pause, until the steam
is admitted by the piston of the other engine to move the valve, and start the
quiescent piston in the other direction.
If a D slide valve is used in one of these engines, and a B slide valve in the
other engine the ports can be made to cross in straight lines from one cylinder to
the valve moving cylinder of the other engine.
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page_text: valve Actuating Arrangements ior Steam
Engines.
I, LEON BERNARD CARRICABURU, of N° 32 West 31st Street, in the City and
State of New York, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
The object of this invention is to cause one steam engine to regulate the move-
ment of another steam engine, so that the two or more engines will run in harmony.
This is especially useful where the engines are used with direct acting pumps.
One of the steam cylinders is provided with a valve that is actuated by valve
moving pistons in cylinders. To this extent the engine is similar to that shewn in
my English Patent N° 11,427, dated August 19th 1884, and in my United States
Patent, N° 303,704 granted Aug. 19th 1884, but instead of the ports that lead the
steam to the valve moving cylinders and pistons, going to the ports and cylinder
of the same engine, there are ports leading to the cylinder of a second or adjoining
engine, so that the piston of that second engine acts as a valve to the ports that
lead to the valve moving cylinders and pistons of the first engine.
As the piston of the second.engine moves along, it covers both the ports leading
to the valve moving cylinders of the first engine, and then the further movement
uncovers one of the ports, admitting live steam to move the valve of the first
engine, and the vapours confined in the other ports and cylinder of the valve
moving piston, cushion the valve moving piston to prevent concussion. Upon the
return stroke of the second engine the steam is simultaneously exhausted from the
ports leading to the valve moving devices of the first engine, and then the ports
are covered and uncovered, in the reverse order by the piston of the second engine,
and the valve of the first engine is reversed and the piston of the first engine is
moved the other way.
By this improvement the valve of the first engine is controlled by the movement
of the piston of the second engine which acts as a valve to the ports, and it is
immaterial what character of valve motion is used in the second engine; it may be
a rocker such as in my English Patent N° 11,428 dated August 19th 1884, or in
my United States Patent N° 303,706, dated August 19th 1884, or this second
engine may be of any desired character.
In further carrying out my Invention I sometimes place three engines side by
side, the outer engines being of ordinary construction, and the middle engine made
with valve moving pistons in cylinders as aforesaid, and I duplicate the ports or
pipes leading from such valve moving piston cylinders and lead them to each of
the cylinders of the outer engines and place either automatic or hand valves or
cocks in the ports or pipes leading to the outer engines, so that the valve of the
middle engine can be controlled and moved by steam from either of the outer
engines, and either engine can be stopped for cleaning or repairs, or thrown out of
action as may be required.
In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a section of the engine and valve-moving pistons.
Fig. 2 is a plan illustrating the connections between three steam.cylinders, and

page_text: Fig. 3 is a cross section shewing the automatic valve in the steam-way. Fig. 4 is
a section of one cylinder. Fig. 5 is a diagram of the ports, valves, and pistons for
use with two D slide-valves, and Fig. 6 is a similar diagram of the ports for use
with a B and a D slide valve, and Fig. 7 is a cross section of the two cylinders.
The steam cylinders A, B, C, Fig. 2, and their piston rods A¹, B¹, C, and pistons
a, b, c, may be of any desired size or construction. Usually the piston-rods will
be extended to, and act upon pistons in other cylinders, forming pumps; but the
improvement may be used with engines for blowing, or for any other object to
which the same may be available. The cylinder B, is shewn with the ports 4, 5, 6
and 7, and the exhaust port M, and the valve F, which receives its motion from
the valve moving pistons G, G¹, in the cylinders H, H. The object attained by
the use of the two pairs of ports 4, 5, and 6, 7 is that the valve covering the
port 4 or 6, as the piston 61 is moving toward that port the other port 5 or 6 is the
only exhaust, and hence the vapours at the exhaust side of the piston are confined
after the piston has passed the port 5 or 6 to form a cushion and prevent the
piston striking against the cylinder head. This feature of the two pairs of ports
and the valve is shewn in my British Patent No 11,427 of Aug. 19, 1884, and
need not be further described.
:
I remark that my present Invention is not limited to any particular valve or
ports, and may be used with single ports to, the respective ends of the cylinder,
and with the ordinary D or B slide valve, or with any other or known steam
engine valve that is capable of receiving motion from the valve moving pistons.
The engine cylinder A, is connected to the valve moving cylinders H, H¹ respec-
tively, by the pipes N1, N2, in which there are cocks 10 and 11. The ends of the
pipes at the cylinders H,,H', preferably open into holes made below the valve seat,
and provided with ports leading up into the respective cylinders. This avoids any
direct connection to the cylinders H, H', and allows for their removal from the
valve seat, when necessary, without disturbing the pipes N1, N2. At the cylinder A,
these pipes N', N? open by ports or holes through the cylinder itself, preferably at
one side thereof, as shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The valve of the engine A,
may be moved by any desired mechanism. I have shewn the rocker k, and
tappet i, to act upon the valve rod h, as in my British Patent No 11,425 of
August 19, 1884. When the piston of the cylinder. A, is moving in the direction
indicated by the arrow, the ends of N1, N2, opening into the cylinder A, are both
at the exhaust side of said piston, and as the piston passes along it covers the ends
of both pipes N1, N2; but the moment the end of N¹ is uncovered the steam under
pressure rushes by N¹ into H, and moves the pistons G, G¹ and valve F, admitting
steam by the port 4, and opening the exhaust port 6. While this movement is
taking place the end of the pipe N2, is covered by the piston, and the vapours
in H, being confined act as a cushion to prevent concussion of the valve moving
piston G1, against the head of its cylinder H. There will be no movement of the
valve moving pistons or valve in engine B, until the piston in the cylinder A, acts
to cover and uncover the ends of the pipes N1, N2, in the reverse order to that
before described, because the ends of N¹, N* being open in the cylinder A, the rise
and fall of pressure or exhaust will act at opposite ends of the pistons H, H,
equally, and the pistons and valve will remain stationary until the live steam is
allowed to enter from the steam cylinder A, and upon either the piston H, or the
piston H'.
I have shewn the three cylinders A, B, C. The cylinder C may be provided
with the rocker k, for moving the valve in' first one direction and then the other,
the same as set forth in my said British Patent N° 11,427 of Aug. 19, 1884, and
by providing pipes N³, N* between the cylinder C, and the valve-moving pistons
of the cylinder B, and cocks 12 or 13, the valve moving devices of the engine B,
may be supplied with steam from the cylinder of C, instead of from the cylinder A
it being understood that when the valves 10 and 11 are open, the valves 12 and 13
are to be shut, and vice-versa,

page_text: If there is anything out of repair in the engine with the cylinder B, that may
be isolated by closing the cocks 10 and 11, the cocks 12 and 13 also being closed,
the engines C and A working independently; or the engine B can be controlled
by steam admitted to its valve moving devices by the piston of either the cylinder A
or the cylinder C, thereby stopping only the engine which is out of order, or is not
desired to run, while in the duplex engine in use at present if one piston has to
stop both have to stop. Usually, the cylinders A, B, C, will be as close together
as consistent with the introduction of the pipes and cocks.
In the drawings the cylinders are spread apart to illustrate the connections
more clearly. If desired, the pipes N¹, N³ or N³, N' coming in from opposite sides
into the metal below the valve seat, may be in line with each other, as shewn in
Fig. 3, and. provided with a sliding valve p, between seats. at the ends of the
respective pipes, so that when steam is shut off from the cylinder A, the pressure
of steam from the cylinder C, may throw the valve p, over against the seats at the
ends of the pipes N¹, N³, closing the same; and when steam is shut off from the
cylinder C, and the steam admitted to the cylinder A, the pressure may throw such
valves p, over upon the seats at the ends of the pipes N³, N₁, closing the same.
The valves p. may be double, there being two on each stem, or the valves may be
globular, so as to be rolled along by the pressure in the ports or passage ways
occupied by them. These valves p, allow for the central engine being placed under
control of either engine A or B, by simply turning the steam on to start said
engine A or B.
I still further elaborate or carry out my improvements by placing two cylinders
side by side, each cylinder, valve, valve-moving-pistons and their cylinders being
such as berein before described and called the first engine, and I use ports leading
from the main cylinder of one engine, to the valve moving cylinders and pistons of
the other engine, such ports crossing from the main cylinder of one engine to the
valve moving cylinders of the other engine, and the piston of one engine acting as
a valve to admit steam to move the valve of the other engine, so that when the
piston of one engine reaches the end of its stroke there is a pause, until the steam
is admitted by the piston of the other engine to move the valve and start the
quiescent piston in the other direction.
If a D slide valve is used in one of these engines and a B slide valve in the
other engine, the ports can be made to cross in straight lines from one cylinder
to the valve moving cylinder of the other engine.
The engine No 1, Figs. 5 and 6, with steam cylinder B, piston b¹, ports 4, 5, 6, 7,
exhaust port M, valve F, and valve moving pistons G and G¹, in the cylinders H, H',
are similar to the parts shewn in my aforesaid British Patent, and I employ a
second cylinder No 2, with piston B', and ports N, N' leading to the valve moving
cylinders H, H of the engine No 1. The cylinder B' is adjacent to the cylinder B,
and such ports N, N₁, open into the cylinder B', near the middle thereof.
As the piston B³, in the cylinder B¹, moves along in the direction of the arrow,
the piston B', uncovers the port N¹, and admits the live steam to pass directly in
the valve moving cylinder H, and act upon the piston G, and shift the valve F
of the cylinder B, causing the steam to pass in through the port 7 and act upon
the piston b¹, to move it in the opposite direction.
The piston B, covers the port N, at the same time that it admits steam by N¹,
hence the exhaust vapours in H and N are confined and form a cushion to prevent
concussion of the piston G upon the head of the cylinder H, and when the live
steam is acting in both ports N, N¹, or when the exhaust takes place in the
cylinder B, there will be no motion of the valve F, because the pressures in H, H¹
are equalized.
It will now be understood that the movement of the valve F of the cylinder B,
is dependent solely upon the movement of the piston B2 in the cylinder B¹,
regardless of the devices that may be used to move the valve F₁ of the cylinder B¹,
and regardless of the kind of valve used for said cylinder B¹, and that when the
piston B of the engine N° 2, is moving in one direction the steam will act

page_text: through N¹ upon G¹, and when moving in the other direction, the steam will act
through N upon G, thus moving the valve F first one way and then the other, and
the valve moving pistons will be cushioned, and that the piston of engine N° 2
thus has entire control of the valve-moving pistons of engine No 1, without any
regard to the valves or ports of the engine N° 2, and without the ports N, N¹
leading to or through any intermediate valve or moving or controlling device of
any kind.
It now becomes proper to state how I duplicate the foregoing connection so as
to work the engines as duplex engines, in which the piston of engine No 1, admits
steam direct to move the valve of No 2 engine and the piston of No 2 engine
admits steam direct to move the valve of engine N° 1.
The diagram Fig. 5, is a duplication of the devices shewn in Fig. 4, and, the
diagram Fig. 6, represents one cylinder with a D valve, the other with a B valve.
In the engine No 2 (shewn in Fig. 5) the piston G2 in the cylinder H³ is acted
upon by steam admitted by the port Ns upon the return .stroke of the piston b¹,
and the valve F, is moved to its opposite position. This takes place when the
piston b¹, reaches the point indicated by dotted lines, and the port N³ being
covered the confined vapours cushion the piston G³ in the cylinder H³. This move-
ment of the valve F', takes place when the piston B' has reached the end of its
stroke, and hence the piston B2 is moved the other way and in its travels uncovers
the port N to move the valve F, back to the position shewn, which movement
takes place when the piston b¹, has reached the opposite end of the cylinder B from
that shewn.
The ports 40, 50, 60, 70 of engine N° 2, correspond to the ports 4, 5, 6, 7 of
engine No 1.
With one engine having a D valve and the other engine a B valve, as in Fig. 6,
the ports N, N¹ and N2, N³ do not have to cross, but where both valves are alike—
such as the D valves shewn in Fig. 5-the ports N2, N3, from engine cylinder B,
cross, so that there is a lead of the steam in opposite directions in order that the
piston of one engine may uncover the ports to give the motion in the proper
direction to the other valve-moving-piston.
The parts in Fig. 6 are marked with the same reference letters as those in
Fig. 5, and the operation corresponds with those before described. In fig. 6, the
piston b¹, B are represented in a position where they are both moving in the same
direction. The piston b, reaches the end of its movement at about the same time
that the piston B2 uncovers the port N', and allows live steam to enter and act
upon the valve moving piston G₁ to shift the valve F.
It will be apparent that the ports N, N1, N2, N³ will usually be cast in the metal
that unites one valve chest to the other, and is in the space between the two steam
cylinders, as indicated in Fig. 7. I however do not limit myself in this particular,
as such ports may be composed of tubes screwed into the respective castings, and
where the ports cross each other, as indicated in Fig. 5, care is to be taken to
prevent one port opening into the other by any defect in the casting.
I do not claim duplex engines in which the steam passes from the cylinder of
the first engine to move the valve of the second engine, and in which steam from
the second engine cylinder passes to and moves the valve of the first engine.
Neither do I claim two engines, either one of which can be operated independently
of the other, and in which cocks are employed to the steam passage ways, so that
'steam from the cylinder of one engine can be admitted to operate the valve of the
other engine, the operation being reciprocal. In my improvements the engine B is
entirely dependent upon the engine A, or the engine C, and this engine B performs
no duty for either of the other engines. I am therefore able to greatly simplify
the construction and lessen the expense; and either engine A or C can be run
alone; or they can both be operated at the same time, and the engine B can either
be out of action or be controlled in its action by either the engine A, or the
engine C.

page_text: Having now described my Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination, with a steam engine having a cylinder, piston, valve, and
mechanism for moving the valve, of a second steam engine, cylinder, piston valve
and cylinders and pistons to move the steam valve, and steam pipes or passages
leading from the cylinder of the first engine to the cylinders and valve moving
pistons of the second engine, whereby the first named engine is entirely inde-
pendent of the second engine, and the second engine is entirely dependent upon
the first engine for the steam that moves its valve, substantially as specified.
2. The combination, with two steam engines A, C, having independent valve
moving mechanism, of an intermediate steam engine B, having valve moving
pistons and cylinders, connecting steam pipes from said cylinders of the valve
moving pistons to the steam cylinders of the engines A, C, and automatic valves in
the steam passage way of the engine B, substantially as specified.
3. The combination, with two steam engines A, C, having independent valve
moving mechanism, of an intermediate steam engine B, having valve moving
pistons and cylinders, connecting steam pipes from said cylinders of the valve
moving pistons to the steam cylinders of the engines A, C, and cocks or valves in
the said pipes, substantially as specified.
4. The combination of three steam engines A, B, C each having a cylinder,
piston, piston rod and valve, with the connecting devices, substantially as set forth,
whereby the valve of the engine B, is dependent for its movement upon one of
either the other two engines, and one or two of the engines can be stopped
without interfering with the other engine, or engines, substantially as specified.
5. The combination, with an engine having a cylinder, piston, valve and valve-
actuating pistons and cylinders, of a second steam engine cylinder, and ports
leading directly from the second cylinder to the valve-actuating cylinders and
pistons of the first engine, substantially as specified.
6. The combination, with the cylinder of the first engine and its valve and valve-
actuating pistons and cylinders, of ports leading into a second steam cylinder, and
a piston in such cylinder that acts as a valve to the said ports to admit steam by
one of the ports to move the valve and valve actuating pistons of the first engine,
and to confine the vapours in the other port, and in the cylinder with which it is
connected, to cushion the valve actuating piston of the first engine, substantially
as specified.
7. The combination of two steam cylinders and their pistons, two steam valves,
valve actuating pistons and their cylinders, and ports leading directly from each
cylinder to the valve actuating cylinder of the adjacent engine, substantially as
specified, whereby the piston of one engine acts as a valve to the ports leading
directly to the valve moving devices of the adjacent engine, and the said ports do
not pass through and are not influenced by any valve or moving device, as
set forth.
8. The combination of two engine cylinders and their pistons and ports, two
valve moving pistons and their cylinders, a D valve to one engine, and a B valve
to the other engine, and ports leading from the cylinder of one engine to the
valve moving cylinder of the other engine, substantially as set forth.