Improvements in and relating to Windows and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Jan., 1895-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Windows and the like.
I, WILLIAM NICOL, of 55 Albert Road, Crosshill in the County of the City
of Glasgow, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:
This invention has reference to and comprises an improved method and
appliances for securing the frames of windows and the like wind and watertight,
and enable them to be swivelled within the apartments for cleaning or repair
purposes.
As applied to sliding sash windows the improvements consist in fitting two
vertical plates on the one side or edge of the fixed frame or style of the window,
one opposite the side of each sash frame. These plates would be formed, at their
outer free ends, of a hook or curved round ring shape, with an opening between
their ends and the body part, and a similar shaped plate would be fitted on the
adjacent side of each sash frame with the hook or ring end fitting into the corre-
sponding end of each vertical plate on fixed style. By this means each sash frame
can slide up and down in a usual manner by the plates in sash sliding within the
ring ends of plates in style; while these ring or curved ended plates will also act
as hinges and enable the sash frames to be swivelled on them within the
apartment.
The sash frames would or may be hung from the hinged side by duplicating the
weight of the ordinary counterbalance weights, or by having an endless cord
moving over pulley or pulleys at top and bottom of fixed style, and attaching
each sash frame to this cord so that the one sash will counterbalance the weight of
the other; and these pulleys may be adjusted by moving their axes in slotted
plates to vary the tension of endless cord. Or the cord may be adjusted by
forming it with two ends and attaching these to adjustable screws working
within an internal screwed hollow block; or other equivalent devices may
be used.
Hook shaped or overlapping duplex plates would preferably be fitted at the
opposite side of window to that at which it is hinged so as to make a wind and
watertight joint, and kneed plates with beaded ends may be fitted at bottom end of
lower sash and top end of upper sash, and in the latter case a block of hard wood
nay be fitted on upper part of fixed frame to flush checks at top of window, and a
roller be fitted on top sash frame to bear on same. While book ended or duplex
plates would be fitted at top of lower sash frame and bottom of upper sash frame
and may have rubber or cloth cemented on their surfaces so as to overlap or
hook into each other and form a wind and watertight joint at the countercheck of
window.
With my improved arrangements vertical parting beads may be dispensed with,
and the batten rods may be hinged to swivel out when the windows are to be
swivelled, or these batten rods may be dispensed with altogether; and as the
sliding sashes only require to be hung and counterbalanced on the one side no
cords require to be detached when swivelling them within the apartments.
For casement and nou-sliding windows the curved or ring ended plates would be

page_text: fitted with a beaded washer at suitable distances apart to prevent them sliding up
and down and enable them to act as hinges for swivelling the window on.
Dated the 4th April 1894
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Windows and the like.
I, WILLIAM NICOL, of 55 Albert Road, Crosshill in the County of the City
of Glasgow, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
n and by the following statement in writing, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises improved appliances for securing
the frames of windows and the like wind and watertight, and enable them to be
swivelled within the apartments for cleaning or repair purposes.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a window showing the lower sash frame as hung on
one side only for facility in swivelling it within the apartment. And Figure 2 is a
corresponding plan view.
Figure 3 is a detached plan view showing my improved form of sliding and
swivelling plates in the usual or closed position of the window, and Figure 4 is a
corresponding view showing the position of the hooked plates when the sash frame
is swivelled within the apartment.
Figure 5 is a detached plan view of the lower sash frame with its sliding and
swivelling plates, and showing a hinged batten rod as fitted in connection
therewith.
Figure 6 is a detached horizontal section showing both sash frames, with their
swivelling and hinged plates on the one side, and their engaging weatherproof
plates on the opposite side.
Figures 7 and 8 are views of a window corresponding to Figures 1 and 2, but in
which both sash frames are hung by weights on one side only.
Figure 9 is a detached view showing the weatherproof plate joint at top of
window; Figure 10 a corresponding view of the plate joint at countercheck part
of window, and Figure 11 a similar view of the plate joint at lower part of
window.
Figures 12 and 13 are detached elevations broken away of the upper part of a
window showing modified arrangements of working the counterbalance weights.
Figure 14 is a similar view showing the sash frames as balancing each other.
Figures 15 and 16 show detached enlarged views of the pulleys d, d¹, used in
these balancing arrangements Figures 12 and 13; and Figure 17 a similar view of
the pulley used in Figure 14. While
Figure 18 is a detached view showing how only one hooked plate a may be used
with sectional parts of the other hooked plate 6 at distances apart to form hinges
for sash frame.
Referring to these drawings:-As applied to sliding sash windows the
improvements consist in fitting vertical plates aa on the one side or edge of the
fixed trame or style A of the window; one opposite the side of each sash frame B.
The plates a would be formed, at their outer free ends, of a hook or curved round
ring shape at a', with an opening between their ends and the body part, and a similar
shaped plate b would be fitted on the adjacent side of each sash frame B with the
hook or ring end b', of an oval or curved shape fitting into the corresponding end a¹

page_text: of each vertical plate a on fixed style A, as particularly shown in Figures 3 and 4..
By this means each sash frame B can slide up and down in a usual manner by th
ring ends 6 of plates bin sash B sliding within the ring ends a¹ of plates a in
style A; while these ring or curved ended plates will also act as hinges and enable
the sash frames to be swivelled on them within the apartment, the oval or curved
ends of plates forming an interlocking joint as well as giving freedom for working
of sash frames. The hooked ends ba¹ of plates would preferably be worked
within recessed part B₁ B' formed in the sashes B.
Hook shaped or overlapping duplex plates a² 263 would preferably be fitted at
the opposite side of window to that at which it is hinged, so as to make a wind and
watertight joint, as shown in Figure 6, and kneed plates c c with beaded ends c²
may be fitted at bottom end of lower sash B, as shown in Figure 11, and at top end
of upper sash B, or on the fixed frame at top of upper sash only, as shown in
Figme 9, and the beaded end c² enter a recess c¹¹ in sliding sash frame, and in the
case of the top sash a block of hard wood A³ may be fitted on upper part of fixed
frame A to flush checks at top of window, and a roller A* may be fitted on top
sash frame to bear on same. While hook ended or duplex plates 62 63 would be
fitted at top of lower sash frame B and bottom of upper sash frame B and may
have rubber or cloth cemented on their surfaces so as to overlap or hook into each
other and form a wind and watertight joint at the countercheck of window as
shown in Figure 10.
With my improved arrangements vertical parting beads may be dispensed with,
and the batten rods A2 may be hinged to swivel out when the windows are to be
swivelled, as shown in Figure 5 or the batten rods may be fixed and the plates a be
screwed to them as shown on the left side of Figure 6, or these batten rods may
be dispensed with altogether; and as the sliding sashes B need only require to be
hung and counterbalanced on the one side no cords require to be detached when
swivelling them within the apartment.
The sash frames B would or may be hung from the hinged side by duplicating
the ordinary counterbalance weights D¹ attached to the cords D, as shown in
Figure 7, or by having a counterbalance cord D moving over a pulley D² at top
of fixed style and attaching each sash frame B to this cord D so that the one
sash will counterbalance the weight of the other, as shown in Figure 14.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the upper sash frame is hung by
weights D' passing over pulleys d on both sides in a usual manner, but the lower
sash frame has its weights Di duplicated on the one side and hung by that only,
so that it can be swivelled within the apartment without detaching said weights.
In Figure 12 the top sash is hung by weights D₁ passing over a pulley d² on one
side only, but the bottom sash may be hung by similar weights on the one side, and
have a cord D³ passing over pulleys d d' and a weight suspended at the other side
within the fixed frame A of window, so that the bottom sash may be swivelled
within the apartment without requiring to detach the cord D³. In Figure 13 the
top sash frame is hung by weights attached to a cord D passing over a pulley d³ on
one side only, and the bottom sash is hung by one cord D³ only passing over
pulleys & d', and having the weights D' attached within the fixed frame A, so that
this lower sash can be swivelled within the apartment without requiring to detach
the cord Ds or weights.
For casement and non-sliding windows the curved or ring ended plates ab may
be fitted with a beaded washer at suitable distances apart to prevent them sliding
up and down and enable them to act as hinges for swivelling the window on, or they
may be fitted, as shown in Figure 18, with the plates a and have only small
sections of the plates b to act as hinges.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The improved appliances for windows and the like constructed and

page_text: arranged, substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Second. In windows, the sliding and swivelling or hinging plates constructed and
arranged, substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Third. In windows the wind and water-tight plates constructed and arranged
substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated the 2nd January 1895
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.