IMPROVE- MENTS IN OVENS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE SAME
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas George Grant, of the Royal Clarence
Yard, Gosport, in the County of Hants, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OVENS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE SAME."
Sealed the 9th June 1863, and dated the 23rd March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas George Grant
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd March 1863.
I, THOMAS GEORGE GRANT, of the Royal Clarence Yard, Gosport, in
the County of Hants, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OVENS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE SAME," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ovens and in apparatus
for heating the same. For these purposes an oven is constructed of sheet
iron, rivetted together, and it is formed with horizontal shelves on the interior
which it is preferred should be of open work, and the front is covered with
doors, preferring that there should be doors opposite the space between two

page_text: shelves, in order that the meat or other food placed in such space may be got
at without opening the front of the oven to a greater extent.
An oven such as above described is fixed within a chamber or case, also
made of sheet-iron plates, rivetted together; the case is of such dimensions as
to leave a space at the back and at the two ends, and also over the top and
under the bottom of the oven, but the front of the oven is not enclosed by the
case. Below the oven is a fire-place, which is arranged in such manner that
the heat and products of combustion pass off between the oven and the
chamber laterally and towards the back, and then rise up to the upper parts
of the chamber. It will thus be seen that the oven is contained in a highly
heated chamber. At the upper part of this ease or chamber is a chimney,
having a valve or slide to regulate the passage away of the products of com-
bustion. At the upper part of the oven there are tubular passages with
valves, by which steam and vapour arising from the food which is being
cooked may pass from the oven into the outer atmosphere. Provision is
made in the outer casing for cleansing the interior of the chamber and the
exterior of the oven, doors being used for this purpose, with valves to regulate
the admission of air into the chamber, by which the heat of the oven may be
regulated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas George Grant in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
GEORGE GRANT, of the Royal Clarence Yard, Gosport, in the County of
Hants, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas George Grant, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
George Grant, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
J, the said Thomas George Grant, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exereise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain

page_text: and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN OVENS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE SAME," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Thomas George Grant, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas George Grant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
-statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ovens and apparatus for
heating the same. For these purposes an oven is constructed of sheet iron,
rivetted together, and it is formed with horizontal shelves on the interior,
which it is preferred should be of open work, and the front is covered with
doors, preferring that there should be doors opposite the space between two
shelves, in order that the meat or other food placed in such space may be got
at without opening the front of the oven to a greater extent.
An oven such as above described is fixed within a chamber or case, also
made of sheet-iron plates, rivetted together; the case is of such dimensions as
to leave a space at the back and at the two ends, and also over the top and
under the bottom of the oven, but the front of the oven is not enclosed by the
case. Below the oven is a fire-place, which is arranged in such manner that
the heat and products of combustion pass off between the oven and the
chamber laterally and towards the back, and then rise up to the upper parts
of the chamber. It will thus be seen that the oven is contained in a highly-
heated chamber. At the upper part of this case or chamber is a chimney,
having a valve or slide to regulate the passage away of the products of com-
bustion. At the upper part of the oven there are tubular passages with
valves, by which steam and vapours arising from the food which is being
cooked may pass from the oven into the outer atmosphere. Provision is made
in the outer casing for cleansing the interior of this chamber, and tho
exterior of the oven, doors being used for this purpose, with valves to regulate
the admission of air into the chamber, by which the heat of the oven may
bo regulated.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.

page_text: Figure 1 shews a front elevation of cooking apparatus having apparatus and
ovens applied thereto according to my Invention; Figure 2 is an end elevation
showing the doors of one of the ovens open; Figure 3 shews an end elevation
showing the doors of the oven closed; Figure 4 shews a plan partly in section;
Figure 5 shows a front elevation in section, and Figure 6 shows a transverse
section. In each of these Figures the same letters are used to indicate the
same parts.
a, a, is the outer casing, which is constructed of sheet iron, rivetted to-
gether. This outer casing forms a chamber, within which the ovens, which are
also formed of sheet iron rivetted together, are placed so that the ovens may
be surrounded for the most part by the highly-heated atmosphere within tho
chamber formed by the outer casing a, a. In the arrangement shown there
are two ovens b, b, back to back, with a space between them. The doors c, c,
at the front of the ovens come at the two ends of the chamber formed by the
outer casing a, a, in order that the front of the fire may be used for roasting,
and also that it may have a hot plate d over it, as is shown; but when such is
not desired to be the case, the doors of the oven or ovens may be in front of
the apparatus. In the Drawings the doors of the ovens are not divided
horizontally to correspond with the compartments into which the ovens are
divided, but in some cases it may be desirable so to divide the doors that the
several compartments or divisions of the oven or ovens may be got at without
opening the parts of the doors opposite the other compartments or divisions of
the ovens. The sides of the ovens are shewn to have ledges or projections e, e,
of angle iron for receiving and supporting shelves, which are shewn in
Figure 4, to be composed of parallel bars, which slide on the angle-iron
ledges e, e, but this may be varied; f, f, aro tubular passages fixed at the
upper parts of the oven, and communicating with the outer atmosphere.
These tubular passages contain valves to regulate the passage away of the
steam or vapour from within the ovens; g is the chimney, the lower end of
which is connected with the upper part of the chamber a, a, within which the
fire-place and the ovens are situated. From the above description it will be
understood that the ovens, which are constructed of wrought-iron plates,
rivetted together, are fixed in au outer chamber, also formed of wrought-iron
plates rivetted together, in such manner that the wrought-iron ovens are
situated in the midst of a highly-heated atmosphere in the outer chamber a, a,
also formed of wrought iron, and it is this combined arrangement which con-

page_text: stitutes the peculiarity of the Invention. In the arrangement shewn in the
Drawings h, h, are two water spaces at the ends of the fire-place or range for
the purpose of heating water by the heat of the fire. It will be seen that the
fire-place or range is so situated in the outer case that the heat and products
of combustion pass from the fire laterally and towards the back, and then rise
to the upper parts of the chamber where the ovens are situated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas George Grant have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
THOS. G. GRANT. (L.S.)