Improvements in and relating to Jointing the Ends of Pipes, and Couplings therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 14th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 4th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Jointing the Ends of Pipes,
and Couplings therefor.
I, DUNCAN COLVILLE, of 7 Burlington Place, Westcroft, Paisley, Renfrew-
shire, Coppersmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved mode of and
means or couplings for jointing the abutting ends or flanges of pipes, specially
applicable for copper or brass pipes which have brazed flanges, or malleable steel
or iron pipes which have their jointing flanged ends separately attached thereto.
These improvements will be very applicable for high pressure steam or other
fluids and for bydraulic purposes and be more convenient and inexpensive for many
forms and sizes of pipes, as for short and quick bends and the smaller class of pipes
generally, than has been the case with the modes and means of jointing pipes
heretofore.
The improvements as applied generally to said pipes consist in brazing, screwing
or otherwise securely attaching rings or collars on the adjacent ends of the pipes truly
faced or turned on their jointing ends, and outer circumference to the same diameter
concentrically with the pipe, and ouly of a diameter sufficient to make the joint on the
faced ends by red-lead, insertion, or other equivalent used for flat abutting joints,
instead of so securing the usual large flanges with holes through them for screwing
them together by holts. The improvements more particularly consist in the
formation of two circular glands to embrace the said jointing collars and press them
together from the back of the collars to draw and joint them together concentrically
or spigot and faucet ways as hereinafter described. According to one arrangement,
the inner part of the gland would be recessed the diameter of the collars and
somewhat deeper than the thickness of one of these, so that both collars could go
into the recess of this gland and so be retained concentrically; while the inner
part of the opposite gland would preferably also be recessed slightly to slip on to
the outer collar, but this is not absolutely necessary, as the outer edges of the two
glands would preferably be recessed to fit on to each other spigot and faucet ways
to retain the glands also concentric to each other, and of a sufficient depth with
clearance to allow them to be drawn together to make the joint tight between the
end collars. These inner gland rings would be deep for the purpose of making these
recesses in them, but made lighter and rounded at their outer edges towards the
centre jointing part so that they would freely move back and forward on the pipe
behind the end jointing collars; and both gland rings would have corresponding
enugs projecting out from them, with holes through them for the screw bolts for
drawing them and the joint collars together, as two opposite each other for small
pipes or greater numbers opposite each other for large pipes; or otherwise flanges
might be formed outside the said deep ring parts with holes through them where
a number of Emaller screw bolts were preferred to snugs and large bolts. Each of
these glands are preferred to be made solid for being shipped on to the pipes knees, or
bends after they have been formed ready for brazing or otherwise securing the end
jointing ring collars, and away back out of the way of so brazing or fixing these
collars but each ring gland might be made in two parts when preferred, putting the
joints of the glands in the opposite direction or at right angles to each other, so
that when bolted together they would practically form a solid jointing gland acting
on the back of the jointing ring collars. Or in some cases instead of forming
separate jointing collars and soldering or fixing these on to the ends of the pipes,
as for low pressure purposes, the ends of the pipes may be so flanged out as to form
the end jointing rings and be gripped by the said recessed glands.

page_text: By a further improvement when snugs were used, for the screwing up bolts
passing through, as for the smaller class of pipes with say two, three or four snugs
on cach, the snugs might be set at an angle, instead of parallel to the axis of the
pipe as usual, and so have the bolts passing through them, to turn the one gland
round upon the other by the action of screwing up the bolts through the angled
snugs and recessing the bearing parts of the glanda at the sides in line with the
bolts, so that when the bolts were screwed up, the an le or wedge action of these
projections would draw the glands together end ways in the act of turning them,
and so make the joint tight between the end rings of the pipes by the wedge action
of the snugs while screwing up the bolts, with much less strain on the bolts than'
would otherwise be required. These outer tightening up ring glands would
preferably be made in cast steel made in true moulde so that they would not
require to be machined to fit each other and the jointing collars, but they might be
made in malleable cast or cast iron or.brass.
Dated the 12th T... 1801
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Jointing the Ends of Pipes,
and Couplings therefor.
1, DUNCAN COLVILLE, of 7 Burlington Place, Westcroft, Paisley, Renfrewshire,
Coppersmith, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement in writing reference being had to the accompanying
drawings, that is to eay :-
This invention has reference to and comprises a now or improved mode of, and
means or couplings for jointing the abutting ends or flanges of pipes, specially
applicable for copper or brass pipes which have brazed flanges, or malleable steel
or iron pipes which have their jointing flanged ends separately attached thereto.
These improvements will be very applicable for high pressure steam or other
fluids and for hydraulic purposes and be more convenient and inexpensive for
many forms and sizes of pipes, as for short and quick bends and the smaller class of
pipes generally than has been the case with the modes and means of jointing pipes
heretofore.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation and Figure 2 a plan view, of a pipo joint as
constructed with double.ring couplings in accordance with one arrangement of my
improvements.
Figures 3 and 4 are a sectional elevation and a plan view on the line 1-1 of a
pipe joint with a solid flange as constructed with a single coupling ring in accordance
with another arrangement of my improvements. While
Figure 5 is detached sectional elevation of another arrangement of my improved
flanged coupling rings.
Referring first to Figures 1 and 2 of these drawings.-The improvements consist
in brazing, screwing or otherwise securely attaching ring or collar flanges A A¹ on
the adjacent ends of the pipes B B', preferably truly faced or turned on their
jointing ends, and outer circumference buth to the same diameter concentrically
with the pipe, and with a recessed rim to keep them concentric as indicated in
dotted lines at A' in Figures 1 and 5, and of a diameter only sufficient to make
the joint on the faced ends by red-lead, insertion, or other equivalent used for flat
abutting joints, instead of so securing the usual largo flanges with holes through

page_text: .
them for screwing them together by bolts. The improvements more particularly
consist in the formation of two ring flanged glands a al with grooves a, a, on their
inner surface to embrace the said jointing collars or small flanges A A¹ and press
them together from the back of the collars to draw and joint. them together
concentrically or spigot and faucet ways as hereinafter described. The inner
part of the gland: is recessed at a all the same diameter as the collars or
flanges A, A, or slightly larger for clearance, and preferably one of them as A
being somewhat deeper than the thickness of one of the flanges, so that both
collars or flanges may go into the recess a² of this gland, a and so, be retained
concentrically, especially as shown in Figure 5, with the collars A A' and joint
ends of pipes BB' shown in dotted lines, while the inner part of the opposite
gland a is preferably also slightly recessed at a" to slip on to the outer collar, but
this is not absolutely necessary, as the outer edges of the two glands would prefer-
ably be recessed as shown at a to fit on to each other spigot and faucet ways to
retain the glands also concentric to each other, and of a sufficient depth with
clearance to allow them to be drawn together to make the joint tight between the
end collars or flanges A A'. The inner parts of these gland rings a a' are deep
and strong at a for the purpose of making these recesses in them, but made
lighter and rounded at their outer edges towards the centre jointing part at all, so
that they would freely move back and forward on the pipes B, B', behind the end
jointing collars A, A', and both gland rings a, a', would have a corresponding
number of snugs a projecting out from them as two, three, four, six or more
according to the size of rings and pipes to be jointed, with holes through them for
the screw bolts b for drawing them and the joint collars together, as two opposite
each other for small pipes or greater numbers opposite each other for large pipes;
or otherwise instead of snugs a flanges might be formed outside the snid deep ring
parts a with a corresponding number of holes through them for the bolts where
a number of smaller screw bolts were preferred to snugs and large bolts.
Referring to Figures 3 and 4, this shows the application of a single ring a for
attaching a branch A, B, to a pipe B with ordinary flange A", in which the holes
through the flanges A" would be made to coincide with the number of holes and
flanges as of the ring a for the bolts b, and be otherwise applied and screwed up as
described in reference to Figures 1 and 2. Each of these new ring glands or
flanges a a, is preferred to be made, solid as shown in Figure 2 for being first
shipped on to the pipes, knees or bends B B' after these have been formed and
brazed, but before brazing or otherwise securing the end jointing ring collars A A',
on the branches, and away back out of the way of so brazing or fixing these
collars; but each ring gland a a' might be made in two parts jointed at ¹³ when
preferred, by putting the joints of the glands in the opposite direction or at right.
angles to each other as shown in dotted lines at in Figure 2, so that when
bolted together they would practically form solid jointing glands acting on the
backs of the jointing ring collars A A¹. Or instead of cutting these ring glands
between the smugs a as shown in Figure 2, they may be cut through the snug and
bolt holes as iudicated in dotted lines at in Figure 4. Or in some cases instead
of forming separate jointing collars A A' and soldering or fixing these on to the
ends of the pipes B B' as for low pressure purposes, the ends of the pipes may be
so flanged out as to form the end jointing rings and be gripped by the said recessed
glands when made in parts this way. These new outer tightening up ring
glands a a' would preferably be made in cast steel made in truc moulds, so that
they would not require to be turned or machined to fit each other and the jointing
collars A, A', but they might be made in malleable cast or cast-iron or brass when
this was preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. The mode and means of jointing the ends of pipes by forming ring or

page_text: :
collar flanges on said pipes, and embracing and securing same by ring gland
flanges substantially as and in the manner herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompanying drawings.
Second: The constructing of couplings for jointing the ends of pipes, with gland
rings.recessed on their inner surface and formed with snugs or flanges and holes on
their outer surface for being jointed to each other and to ring collars on the pipes
by screw bolts, substantially as herein described, in reference to and shown in the
accompanying drawings.