Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY, of 12, Hampden Street, Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to velocipede and other wheel tyres which con-
sist substantially or mainly of a single tube or case, capable of being opened,
and which in use are inflated with air, and suitably held within the rim of the
wheel; and the object of the present invention is mainly to provide improve-
ments in connection with such tyres by which while they can be readily opened.
when deflated, they can also be rendered air tight when on the rim.
According to this invention, the tube or case is provided with edges, which,
when they are on the rim, engage positively with one another and make an air
tight joint. For instance, one edge of the case or tube is, say, of bulbous or en-
larged or equivalent form, while the other is in the form of a continuous socket
or pocket, into which the other edge fits, thus making a positive connection. These
parts, when in position on the rim, will lie on the centre part of same, which, in
some cases, is specially formed to receive them; and the pressure of air acting
upon the parts presses them together and tends to maintain the air tight joint.
The two joints may, in some cases, be engaged one in the other, or fastened
together, before the tyre is put on the rim.
narrower at the
The socket or receiving edge or part is made in some cases
mouth than within, so that when the other edge is inserted in it, it is tem-
porarily opened, but afterwards naturally closes upon the other part in its desired
position, and positively grips it. 1 may use in these parts, soft soap or other
suitable material to assist in making a tight joint.
Outside this air joint portion, I provide means of holding the tyre on the rim.
For instance, projecting edges ar tubes, adapted to be inflated with air, are
provided at each side; which fit in suitable or corresponding channels or grooves,
whereby the tyre is held on the rim when inflated. Or, any other suitable known
device or construction for holding or securing the tyre on the rim may be em-
ployed.
As to the forms of the air tight joint construction, it may be of the form above
described, or the part which fits in the receiving pocket, socket, or receiver,
may be of circular form in section or triangular, or dovetail, or of other equiva-
lent shape; but, in any case, the socket part, or pocket, would be made corres-
pondingly to receive it, and make a joint therewith.
As a modification of the above, in some cases, the air tight connection or joint
construction described is also adapted to serve as a means of holding or fastening
the tyre on the rim, in which case, the socket or pocket part is provided or con-
structed externally with extending edges in the form of bulbs or angular pieces,
which fit in corresponding continuous hooks, recesses, or grooves, in the rim,
while, internally, this edge or part is constructed and adapted to receive the other
edge, and it fits into it in such a manner that, when the tyre is inflated, the air

page_text: acts upon the part so that they cannot come out, and holds or fastens that side
of the cover. For instance, it may, at least on one side, be made of corresponding
form to the other edge outside, and so act as a holding means, or other equivalent
suitable forms of fastening may be used. In such cases, the fastening parts or
edges would be placed at the required distance apart.
When the edge which fits in the socket or pocket edge is hollow, or grooved
internally, it may be filled with a cork band, metal band, as aluminium, rubber,
or any suitable material. As a modification of the above, the socket or
pocket may be separate from the body, and both edges of the body adapted to
fit within it, and to act substantially as described. And, in some cases, an internal
hump may be provided on the tyre, say on the edges to form a support to the tyre
in case of the escape of air.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents,
15, Water Street, Liverpool.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY, of 12, Hampden Street, Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention has reference to velocipede and other wheel tyres which con-
eist, substantially or mainly, of a single tube or case, capable of being opened,
and which, in use, are inflated with air, and suitably held within the rim of the
wheel; and the object of the present invention is, mainly, to provide improve-
ments in connection with such tyres. by which, while they can be readily opened,
when deflated, they can also be rendered air tight, when on the rim.
According to this invention, the tube or case is provided with edges, which,
when they are on the rim, engage positively with one another, and make an air
tight joint. For instance, one edge of the case or tube is, say, of bulbous or en-
larged or equivalent form, while the other is in the form of a continuous socket
or pocket, into which the other edge fits, thus making a positive connection. These
parts, when in position on the rim, will lie on the centre part of same, which, in
some cases, is specially formed to receive them and the pressure of air, acting
upon the parts, presses them together and tends to maintain the air tight joint.
The two joints may, in some cases, be engaged one in the other, or fastened
together, before the tyre is put on the rim.
The socket or receiving edge or part is made, in some cases, narrower at the
mouth than within, so that when the other edge is inserted in it, it is tem-
porarily opened, but afterwards naturally closes upon the other part in its desired
position, and positively grins it. I may use, in these parts, soft soap or other
suitable material, to assist in making a tight joint.
Outside this air joint portion, I provide means of holding the tyre on the rim.
For instance, projecting edges or tubes. adapted to be inflated with air, are
provided at each side: which fit in suitable or corresponding channels or grooves,
whereby the tyre is held on the rim when inflated. Or, any other suitable known
device or construction, for holding or securing the tyre on the rim, may be em-
ploved.
As to the forms of the air tight joint construction, it may be of the form above

page_text: described, or the part which fits in the receiving pocket, socket, or receiver,
may be of circular form in section, or triangular, or dovetail, or of other equiva-
lent shape; but, in any case, the socket part, or pocket, would be made corres-
pondingly to receive it, and make a joint therewith.
As a modification of the above, in some cases, the air tight connection or joint
construction described is also adapted to serve as a means of holding or fastening
the tyre on the, rim, in which case, the socket or pocket part is provided or con-
structed externally with extending edges, in the form of bulbs, which fit in
corresponding continuous hooks, recesses, or grooves, in the rim; and, internally,
this edge or part is constructed and adapted to receive the other edge, and it fits
into it in such a manner that, when the tyre is inflated, the air acts upon it so that
it cannot come out, and holds or fastens that side of the cover, i.e. tyre. In such
cases, the fastening parts or edges would be placed at the required distance apart.
In the drawings accompanying this specification, four modifications of my
invention are given, each of which is represented in cross section.
In the different modifications, the same or equivalent parts are marked with
the same letters and figures of reference, wherever they occur.
With reference, in the first instance, to Figure 1, the main tube of the tyre
comprises the outer rubber part a, an inner rubber skin or lining a², and an inter-
mediate layer of canvas or other textile material a¹. This inner part a³ is
extended inwards on either side, and one edge, i, is made of a bulbous or enlarged
form, while the other, k, is in the form of a continuous socket or pocket, into which
the bulb fits. The entrance of the pocket k is shewn made somewhat smaller
than the inside depth, so that a natural locking together of the two parts, i, k,
takes place.
The tyre, in this case, is provided at each side with a tube b, which fit in the
channels f, formed at each side of the rim e; and the particular structure of this
tubular fastening edge may be of any known kind, as for instance, those set forth
in my prior Patent Specification No. 19909 of 1895, or in the subsequent Applica-
tion for Patent No. 10127 of 1897.
The continuous socket or pocket k may consist of rubber of a suitable kind, or
rubber with an insertion of canvas or the like, the rubber being, of course, on
the inside. Or, it may be provided with a thin spring metallic insertion (rubber
of course being on the inside), which is normally constructed and arranged so
that the upper and lower members normally press inwards onto the bulb i; and
this metallic insertion may be in the form of thin steel, or other elastic plate,
or bent wire. However, whatever particular structure the parts i and k may
possess, since they rest upon the floor of the rim e, and are pressed upon internally,
by the air within the tyre, the upper and lower parts of the socket k will always
be pressed onto the edge .
The main tube, and the fastening tubes b, will be inflated in any known way,
and by any known suitable means.
In the modification shewn in Figure 2, the edge i is tubular, and it is filled with
air under a suitable pressure through a suitable inflating means.
In this case,
the air tight joint between the parts i and k, is made from within; and the con-
tinuous socket or pocket k will be provided with internal laminæ of metal, as
described, or otherwise constructed, so as to be capable of resisting internal pres-
sure of the air within i.
In this modification, wires h are shewn inserted through the canvas a¹ of the
tyre. By these, outward pull and strain upon the inner parts of the case lying
within the rim, and the sealing parts i and k, is obviated; but, of course, this air
sealing structure i, k, and that above described, or those hereafter described, may
be employed in connection with any suitable form of tyre of the single tube type,
irrespective of the mode, or means, by which it is held in or on the rim.
In the modification shewn in Figure 3, a different mode of fastening the tyre
in the rim is shewn. It consists of solid protruding edges b, instead of tubes,

page_text: as in Figure 1; but, otherwise, the tyre is the same as that set forth with reference
to Figure 1.
In the modification in Figure 4, one edge of the tyre is carried right across the
floor of the rim e, and, at this edge, is provided with the continuous socket or
pocket portion k; and this socket or pocket is fitted into one of the channels f,
of the rim, as shewn; while the other edge of the tyre is tubular, and fits within
the pocket k, similarly as in the modification shewn in Figure 2.
This edge may be inflated separately from the main tube, and at a pressure
superior to that used in this tube; or, it may be inflated at the same pressure as
the main tube, and from this tube, by providing a suitable aperture on the inside
of communicating with it. In action, when i is inflated, it presses upon the
rubber on the inside surface of the pocket or socket k, and makes an air tight
joint therewith; while, at the same time, it serves to hold this edge of the tyre'
in the rim, and thus performs a double function.
At the inner side of the rim, the tyre is held in it by a tube b, as is the case in
Figure 1; but, of course, this side could be held or fastened in the rim in any
other known suitable way.
In this case, the part k, and the part a¹ within the rim e of the tyre, may con-
sist of rubber only, or any suitable combination of rubber and canvas, or other
material; as may also these parts in any of the other modifications referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A single tube pneumatic tyre, comprising in combination, a body outside
the rim, and having one of its edges, which come within the rim, in the form of
a continuous socket or pocket, and adapted to receive into it the other edge; and,
when inflated, these parts are adapted to press one upon the other, as described,
and make an air tight joint; for the purposes set forth.
2. A single tube pneumatic tyre, comprising, in combination, a body outside
the rim; a fastening means at each side, by which the body is held in or on the
rim; and inner edges, which come within the rim, one being in the form of a
continuous socket or pocket, and the other adapted to fit in said socket or pocket,
and to make an air tight joint, so as to make the interior of the tyre à sealed air.
tight chamber, substantially as set forth.
3. The single tube pneumatic tyre, having its edges lying in the rim, one in the
form of the continuous socket k, and the other an enlarged edge i fitting within k;
as set forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, of the drawings.
4. The single tube pneumatic tyre, having one edge in the form of a tube i
adapted to be inflated, and the other side disposed over and resting in the rim,
and its edge in the form of a continuous socket or pocket k, disposed within the
channel of the rim e; as set forth.
5. The single tube tyres, having their parts combined, constructed, and adapted
to operate, particularly as shewn in and set forth with reference to the different
figures of the drawings, respectively.
Dated this 24th day of Danamban 1007
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents,
15, Water Street, Liverpool.