IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS, AND IN VALVES AND REGULATING APPARATUS FOR THE SAME. AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: Sealed the 1st March 1867, and dated the 8th September 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Warner, William
Stewart, and William Barber at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th September 1866.
We, FREDERICK WARNER, of Jewin Crescent, Cripplegate, in the City of
London, WILLIAM STEWART, of Carthusian Street, also in the City of London,
and GEORGE WILLIAM BARBER, of King Street, Southsea, in the County of
Hants, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WATERCLOSETS, AND IN VALVES AND REGULATING APPARATUS FOR THE SAME.
AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in waterclosets and in valves
and regulating apparatus for the same and other purposes.
In constructing waterclosets we employ, as heretofore, an
trap, and
In constructing waterclosets we employ, as heretofore, an

page_text: S
opening to which a valve is fitted, and also by an overflow passage, which is
provided to prevent too large a quantity of water being retained in the pan;
this overflow passage opens into the ascending limb of the trap at a point
above the valve before mentioned. All these parts may be made in one piece
of earthenware, or of cast iron, or the pan be made separately and cemented
into a socket. The ascending limb of the
trap has a cover fitted on
its top; this carries a centre or pin on which a segment piece turns, and on
one of the radial sides of the segment piece is formed the disc which closes
the main passage from the pan. To the other side of the segment piece a
handle is attached, by means of which the valve is opened, the weight of the
segment piece and handle closes the valve and keeps it shut, when the handle
is not intentionally lifted and held up. A similar valve may be employed for
governing the flow of water or fluid for other purposes, and then motion is
given to the segment piece by a worm gearing with worm teeth on its peri-
phery, the stem of the worm passing out of the valve case through a stuffing
box and receiving a key or handle.
In some cases we form cocks and valves in the following manner:-The
valve is arranged to work to and from its seat in the direction of the flow of
the water, it may either open or close with the flow, as may be most con-
venient, for the particular purpose for which the cock or valve is required;
at right angles to the stem of the valve is an axis with an eccentric upon it
working in an opening in the valve stem or spindle in such manner that by
turning the axis in one direction or the other the valve is either jamned against
its seat or removed from it; in some cases we mount a slide on the valve
stem, so as to move transversely upon it. The hole to receive the eccentric
is formed in the slide, and the hole may then fit the eccentric truly.
A
In order to regulate by self-acting apparatus the quantity of water supplied
to a watercloset cach time that the supply valve is opened we employ the
following arrangement: At the same time that the water supply valve is
opened a piston is raised in a cylinder in which it works, and which is entirely
separate from the valve and may be fixed in any convenient position.
weight or spring tends to cause this piston to descend again immediately after
it has been raised, but it is prevented doing so by oil or liquid which the
cylinder contains; this oil or liquid passes the piston freely when the piston
is raised, the cup leather of the piston being so turned as to allow it to do
so, but it cannot return past the cup leather. A passage by which the oil.
or liquid can return slowly to the top of the piston is provided by making the
piston rod hollow or tubular, and a regulating wire in the bottom of the

page_text: cylinder passes up this tubular passage, so that the oil or liquid in escaping
from below the piston has to pass in the narrow space between the wire and
the sides of the passage, and this it can only do more or less slowly according
to the extent to which the wire fills the passage; thus the supply valve may
be set to close after any desired interval. Or in place of this arrangement,
if it be desired to afford opportunity for readily altering the adjustment of the
apparatus from time to time, we omit the regulating wire and apply a second
outer tube to the hollow piston rod, the oil or liquid then passes from under
the piston up the inner tube of the piston rod and through a passage at the
top, which is regulated at pleasure by a screw plug, and the oil or liquid
escaping through this passage returns through the outer tube of the piston
rod back into the cylinder over the piston. Regulating apparatus such as the
above may be used wherever regulated quantities of liquid are required to be
supplied at intervals.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Warner, William Stewart, and William Barber
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th March 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME. we, FREDERICK
WARNER, of Jewin Crescent, Cripplegate, in the City of London, WILLIAM
STEWART, of Carthusian Street, also in the City of London, and GEORGE
WILLIAM BARBER, of King Street, Southsea, in the County of Hants, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
the
did. for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant, unto us,
said Frederick Warner, William Stewart, and George William Barber, Her
special licence that we, the said Frederick Warner, William Stewart, and
George William Barber, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Frederick Warner, William Stewart, and George
William Barber, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
WATERCLOSETS AND IN VALVES AND REGULATING APPARATUS FOR THE SAME, AND
OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said

page_text: or their
Frederick Warner, William Stewart, and George William Barber, our exe-
cutors or administrators. by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Warner, on behalf of myself
and the said William Stewart and George William Barber, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say;-
This Invention has for its object improvements in waterclosets and in valves
and regulating apparatus for the same and other purposes.
In constructing waterclosets we employ, as heretofore, an
Ր
trap, and
according to our Invention arrange the pan to communicate with the ascending
limb thereof both by a side opening to which a flap valve is fitted, and also
by an overflow passage which is provided to prevent too large a quantity of
water being retained in the pan, this overflow passage opens into the ascending
limb of the trap at a point above the valve before mentioned. All these parts
may be made in one piece of earthenware or of cast iron, or the pan be made
separately and cemented into a socket.
Figure is a vertical section of a closet constructed according to our
Invention. a, a, is the
but it may be of earthenware or other material; a' is the side opening into
the ascending limb, with which the pan b communicates, this pan may be of
earthenware, it is fitted with cement into the socket a", and is supported by
resting on the top of the shorter limb of the syphon trap; a³ is a valve seat,
usually of brass, attached by cement to the mouth of the side opening a', upon
it is a standard a from which the flap valve c is hung, the face of this valve
is of india-rubber and conical, and the seat is of corresponding form; d is the
rod which carries the handle, its lower end is jointed to the back of the valve,
but to allow the rod to travel freely up and down in the direction of its
length the eye at the back of the valve into which the pin on the rod enters
is slotted as is shown. The rod d is guided by the bracket e. and by the hole
in the cap on the top of the syphon trap through which it passes; g is an
or syphon trap, it is represented of cast iron,

page_text: arm on the rod d by which the apparatus for supplying water to the closet is
actuated; a is the overflow passage which draws off the excess of water in
the pan, this overflow opens into the syphon trap at a point over the top of
the valve c, the weight of the valve and handle closes the valve and keeps it
shut when the handle is not intentionally lifted and held up.
According to another part of our Invention there may be employed for
governing the flow of water or fluid a flap valve with a toothed segment at
its back gearing with a worm, the stem of which passes out of the valve case
through a stuffing box and receives a key or handle. Figure 2 is a longitudinal
section of a valve or cock constructed according to this part of our Invention,
and Figure 3 is an end view of the same. a, a, is the shell or case of the valve
with screw sockets at each end for adapting it to pipes, a plan view of this
case is shown at Figure 4; a', a', are lugs upon it to which the segment
piece band valve b', which are in one piece are pinjointed; a² is a conical
valve seat in the case a to which the valve b' fits. To the flat top of the case a
a cap or cover c is bolted water-tight, and on this cover at e' is the stuffing box
through which the spindle d passes; d' is a worm on the lower end of this
spindle and gearing with the teeth of the segment piece b, so that by turning
the worm the valve may either be removed from its seat or forced against it;
e is a hand wheel fixed at the top of the spindle d to be used in turning it.
In some cases we form cocks and valves in the following manner:-The
valve is arranged to work to and from its seat in the direction of the flow of
the water, it may either open or close with the flow as may be most convenient
for the particular purpose for which the cock or valve is required. At right
angles to the stem of the valve is an axis with an eccentric upon it working
in an opening in the valve stem or spindle in such manner that by turning the
axis in one direction or the other the valve is either jammed against its seat
or removed from it.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of a cock or valve thus constructed
according to our Invention. a, a, is the shell of the cock with a stuffing box
upon it at a'; b is a spindle capable of turning in this stuffing box; it is
steadied at its lower end by entering a recess in the shell, and has upon it an
eccentric b; c is a valve with a slotted stem, the spindle b passes through this
slot and the eccentric b' is received into it, so that when the spindle is turned
by the handle on its upper end the valve is moved to or from its seat d',
which is on a piece d adapted to the shell a of the cock by male and female
screws, and this piece d also has another worm d³ upon it to connect it with
the pipe or socket to which it is to be fitted. In some cases we mount a slide
on the valve stem, so as to move transversely upon it, the hole to receive the

page_text: eccentric is formed in the slide, and the hole may then fit the eccentric truly.
In order to regulate by self-acting apparatus the quantity of water supplied
to a watercloset each time that the supply valve is opened we employ the
following arrangement:-At the same time that the water supply valve is
opened a piston is raised in a cylinder in which it works, and which is entirely
separate from the valve and may be fixed in any convenient position. A
weight or spring tends to cause this piston to descend again immediately after
it has been raised, but it is prevented doing so by oil or liquid which the
cylinder contains; this oil or liquid passes the piston freely when the piston is
raised, the cup leather of the piston being so turned as to allow it to do so,
but it cannot return past the cup leather. A passage by which the oil or
liquid can return slowly to the top of the piston is provided by making the
piston rod hollow or tubular, and a regulating wire in the bottom of the
cylinder passes up this tubular passage, so that the oil or liquid in escaping
from below the piston has to pass in the narrow space between the wire and
the sides of the passage, and this it can only do more or less slowly according
to the extent to which the wire fills the passage; thus the supply valve may
be set to close after any desired interval.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of a regulator thus constructed according
to our Invention. a, a, is the cylinder loosely attached at its lower end in any
convenient position; b is a cap on the top of this cylinder on which a stuffing
box b' is formed, and the hollow rod c passes freely through it; c¹ is a cup
leather piston at the lower end of the rod c; d is a wire or stem with a
foot d standing on the bottom of the cylinder a this wire or stem d, as is
shown, passes up into the hollow rod c which it nearly fits; c, c², are side
openings through the rod c over the piston. The cylinder a is filled with oil,
naptha, or other liquid, and the rod c at its upper end is so connected with the
handle of the closet that when the handle is raised the rod c is also lifted, and
it is able to move freely in this direction, the fluid passing the cup leather
piston. The rod c is also connected with the water supply valve in such
manner that when the rod is up the supply valve is open, and it is further con-
nected with a weight which tends constantly to force it with its piston c' down.
When the handle of the closet is put down it leaves the rod c raised, the
connection being such as to admit of its doing so, and then the weight already
mentioned causes the rod and piston to descend but slowly, for the fluid in the
cylinder cannot pass the cup leather piston in this direction, and it has to
make its way up in the narrow space between the interior of the rod c and
the wire or stem d, and so by the side openings c to the upper side of the
piston. The rod c in thus descending closes the water supply valve after it

page_text: has been open for a sufficient time. Or in place of this arrangement, if it be
desired to afford opportunity for readily altering the adjustment of the
apparatus from time to time, we omit the regulating wire and apply a second
outer tube to the hollow piston rod; the oil or liquid then passes from under
the piston, up the inner tube of the piston rod, and through a passage at the
top, which is regulated at pleasure by a screw plug, and the oil or liquid
escaping, through the passage returns through the outer tube of the piston rod
back into the cylinder over the piston.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of a regulator thus constructed according
to our Invention. The description already given and relating to Figure 6
also applies to this Figure, with the exception that the rod c is now made
double or of two tubes, an inner tube and an outer c; the inner
tube communicates directly with the space under the piston, and when the
piston is being pressed down by the weight applied to it the liquid passes up
this tube c and finding a small hole at the top it escapes thereat as fast as
the regulating screw plug. C applied to this hole admits; then the liquid
descends the outer tube c** and escapes over the piston as before; or a solid
piston rod may be used, and a passage provided from the top to the bottom of
the cylinder on the outside, and there may be a regulating tap on this
passage. Regulating apparatus such as the above may be used wherever
regulated quantities of liquid are required to be supplied at intervals.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Warner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
FREDERICK WARNER. (L.S.)