CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS.
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Preston, of the City of Manchester, Spindle
and Flyer Maker, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Preston at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
July 1854.
I, FRANCIS PRESTON, of the City of Manchester, Spindle and Flyer Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS" to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved mode of constructing the pressers
known as Seeds patent centrifugal pressers, which are applicable to flyers
used in winding rovings on to spools or bobbins. My improved presser is con-
structed of the same piece as the weight, which, when the flyer revolves,
imparts pressure to the roving that is being wound on to the spool or bobbin.
The weight and presser are supported near the upper end of the flyer leg in
such a manner that they can neither rise nor drop from the required working
position; by this means, the circular groove, which is usually made in the lower
end of the flyer leg for the presser to swivel upon, is dispensed with, and no
fixed bearing is required near the end of the flyer leg, as the presser is made
to pass partly round the flyer leg. These improvements are applicable to single
and double pressers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent. filed
by the said Francis Preston in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
PRESTON, of the City of Manchester, Spindle and Flyer Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Francis Preston, Her special license that I, the said Francis
Preston, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Francis Preston, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CER-
TAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Francis
Preston, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Francis Preston, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
The nature of my Invention consists,-
First, in an improved mode of, constructing the pressers for roving frames
and other machines of the like nature, known as Seed's patent centrifugal
pressers.
Secondly, in making a shoulder under the hook by which the presser is
suspended, which shoulder comes in contact with the under side of the clip or
bearing, to prevent the presser rising from its working position.
Thirdly, in hooking the upper end of the presser leg into a hole or slot in
the flyer leg.
.
.
And, lastly, in dispensing with the groove in the flyer leg, or the lower clip
or bearing, which have hitherto been employed to keep the presser.in its requi-

page_text: when not in motion, has a tendency to bear against the bobbin.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe
the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
On Sheet 1, Figure 1 is an elevation of a flyer of the ordinary construction,
to which one of my improved pressers is applied; Figure 2 is a plan, and
Figure 3 a sectional clevation, of the same.. a is the hollow leg of the flyer,
near the upper end of which is soldered or otherwise fixed the clip or bearing
6; into this bearing is hooked the upper end of the rod c, which is made of
one piece with the presser d. The presser rod c, being suspended from the
bearing b, allows the presser to swivel round the flyer leg a, and holds it in its
required working position; consequently the flyer leg is made without the usual
shoulders to form a groove, in which the presser swivels, or the lower clip or
bearing, which is sometimes used. In order to cause the presser to bear
against the bobbin when the flyers are at rest, or to prevent the presser flying
off when the bobbin is suddenly stopped, I make an inclined surface on the
bearing b. When the presser is acting on the bare spool, as shewn by the full
lines in Figure 2, the hooked end of the rod c is at the lowest part of the said
incline; and as the rovings accumulate on the spool, the presser, being forced
outwards, assumes, when the bobbin is full, the position shewn in dots in
Figure 2. The hooked end of the rod c is thus made to rise up the incline on
the bearing b, therefore when the flyer is stopped the gravity of the rod c and
of the presser d causes the hooked end of the rod c to slide down the incline,
thereby keeping the presser against the bobbin, and preventing the injurious
effects of the presser flying from the bobbin. In the foregoing Figures I have
shewn the bearing 6 with two shoulders, against which the hooked end of the
rod c comes in contact to limit the range of the presser. These shoulders, how-
ever, form no part of my Invention, and they may be dispensed with by con-
structing the bearing b, as shewn in Figures 4 and 5. In these views the
bearing is shewn with an inclined surface as before, and with a segmental-
shaped slot for the hooked end of the rod c to move in.
On Sheet 2, Figure 6 is an elevation of a double presser flyer, to which a
modification of my improvements is applied; Figure 7, a plan in section; and
Figure 8, a side elevation of the same. The same letters of reference are
placed upon corresponding parts. In these views the bearing marked 6 on
Sheet 1 is dispensed with, and the hooked ends of the rod c hook into inclined
slots e in the flyer legs. In some cases a round hole may be substituted for

page_text: the inclined slot shewn. The presser is in this case prevented rising by the
upper end of the hook coming against the edge of the slot or hole in the flyer
leg. In Figures 1, 2, and 3, I have shewn the rod c heavier near the top,
and in Figures 6, 7, and 8, the rod is heavier near the lower end thereof; but
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to either mode of con-
struction, as the rod may be parallel throughout, or the heaviest portion may
be at or near the middle of its length.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First, the improved construction of Seed's centrifugal presser, shewn and
described.
Secondly, the shoulder under the hook by which the presser is suspended,
which shoulder prevents the presser rising from its working position.
Thirdly, hooking the upper end of the presser leg into a slot or hole in the
flyer leg.
And, lastly, dispensing with the groove in the lower end of the flyer leg for
pressers swivelling round the flyer leg, and the clip or fixed bearing for the
rod of the presser to work in, whereby the upper bearing may be so con-
structed as to cause the presser to bear on the bobbin when the flyer is
stopped.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Preston, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
FRANCIS PRESTON. (L.S.)
Witness to the signature of Francis Preston,
11. B. BARLOW,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.