A NEW METHOD NEVER YET KNOWN OR PRACTISED, FOR MAKING OF PIPES WITH CLAY OR EARTH, FOR THE CONVEYING OF WATER VEDER GROUND FROM PLACE TO PLACE
Year: 1725

page_text: EDWARDS' PATENT.
GEORGE, by the grace of God, &c., to all to whom these Presents shall
come greeting.
WHEREAS our trusty and welbeloved WILLIAM EDWARD, Gentleman, bath
by his petition humbly represented vnto vs that he hath, after many yeares
much labour, pains, and great expence, found out and invented "A NEW
METHOD NEVER YET KNOWN OR PRACTISED, FOR MAKING OF PIPES WITH CLAY OR
EARTH, FOR THE CONVEYING OF WATER VEDER GROUND FROM PLACE TO PLACE;" that
the said method is performed in manner following, viz:-That the petitioner
having provided a turned piece or plug of wood according to the length of tho
pipe designed, and having fitted it on a potters wheel with a ball of clay
prepared for the purpose and disposed to the bottom of the plug which stande
vpright in the center of the potter's wheel, the petičoner's servant by his
directions (after having made several experimente of the said invention) turned
vp with his hand on an engine contrived for the purpose, great quantities of
pipes with such expedition, that one wheel could turne off fifteen or twenty
dozen of pipes in a day. That the clay being prepared with a great deal of
art, and ground in a mill by an horse, the petičoner cann rann vp these pipes to
the substance of two inches, and to eight or ten or more inches diameter if re-
quired in the bore; after they are dryed to a fitting temper they are put vpon a
turner's lath and are shaped with proper tools to what form and fashion needful, as
spicket or otherwaies, so to fit the boared end of the other pipe with a proper
instrument; that they fit with all exactness, so as to admit of little or no wast
of water; but to make them more effectually do it, the petitioner hath made
and invented a cold putty that cements and joynes them them with that firmness

page_text: that the cement becomes as hard as any the burnt pipes, and as lasting, in or
out of water; that in the laying these pipes in the earth (or out of it) the
petitioner can make them to rise or fall, and give them any the shortest turnings;
that besides the naturall strength of the clay he can hoop them with iron hoops
or ring hoops made of the same clay as the pipes, which will add double
strength to them, and the peticoner believes will throw vp water to any height
in reason; that the peticoner hath made a pump of great depth of these pipes
which draws its full quantity of water to the size of the bore, and works with
all ease and exactness; that his said Invention is founded vpon great experience
in the
proper preparing and working vp the clay for this purpose, the same
being wrought by the strength of men's hande, and turned vpon an engine
contrived so admirably that in the working of the clay the pipes shall be so
firm and strong that it becomes (after the proper drying) as solid as any wood,
and thus contrived, these pipes are turned with that exactness (by an engine)
that the one end is tapered so as to fit the bore end of the other; that nothing
can possibly be more exact, and after the ioyning, the pipes are then so strong
that no strength can loose or part them, and will abide all weather and water
without perishing; they will be of singular vse in carrying of water from
the tops of houses and buildings, that by this new Invenčon, it is apprehended
that it will be of generall vse and advantage to our kingdom, because that
every county may have such pipes made at their respective homes, and which
will be of great vse in employing the poor of this our kingdom through all the
inland counties thereof. And having prayed vs to grant him, his executors, ad-
ministrators, and assignes our Royal Letters Patents for the sole vse and benefit
of his said Invention within that part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed, for the
terme of fourteen yeares, wee, being willing to give encouragement to all arte
and inventions that may be for the publick vse and benefit, are gratiously
pleased to condescend to his request.
KNOW YEE, THEREFORE, that wee, of our especial grace, certain
knowledge, and meer močon, have given and granted, and by these Presents
for vs, our heires and successors, do give and grant vnto the said William
Edwards, his executors, administrators, and assignes, our special lycence, full
power, sole priviledge and authority, that he, the said William Edwarde,
his executors, administrators, and assignes, and every of them, by himselfe
or themselves, or by his or their deputy and deputies, servants or agents,
or such others as he, the said William Edwarde, his executors, administrators,
or assignos, shall at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and all at times during the term of yeares herein expressed, shall and law-

page_text: fully may make such pipes according to his said new invented method before
described within that part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England,
our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner
as to him the said William Edwarde, his executors, administrators, and
assignes, or any of them, shall in their discretions seem meet, and that he
the said William Edwarde, his executors, administrators, and assignes, shall
and lawfully may have and enioy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and
advantage from time to time coming, growing, accrewing, and arising by
reason of the said Invenčon, for and during the term of yeares herein
mentioned, to have, hold, exercise, and enioy the said lycence, powers,
priviledges, and advantages herein-before granted or mentioned to be granted
vnto the said William Edwardę, his executors, administrators, and assignes,
for and dureing and vnto the full end and term of fourteen years from the
day of the date of these Presents next and immediately ensuing, and fully
to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and
provided. And to the end that the said William Edwarde, his executors,
administrators, and assignes, and every of them, may have and enioy the full
benefit, and the sole vse and exercise of the said Invention, according to
our gratious intention herein-before declared, wee do by these Presents, for
vs, our heires and successors, require and strictly command all and every
person and persons, bodies politick and corporate, and all other our subiecte
whatsoever, of what estate, quality, degree, name or condition soever
they be, within that said part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England,
our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed aforesaid, that
neither they, or any of them, at any time during the continuance of the said
terin of fourteen yeares hereby granted, either directly or indirectly, do make,
vse, or put in practice the said Invention, or any part of the same, so attained
vato by the said William Edwarde as aforesaid, nor in any wise counterfeit,
imitate, or resemble the same, nor shall make or cause to be made any
addition thereunto or substracčon from the same, whereby to pretend himselfe,
or themselves, the inventor or inventors, devisor or devisors thereof, without
the lycence, consent, or agreement of the said William Edward, his executors,
administrators, or assignes, in writing, vnder his or their hand and seales first
had and obtained in that behalfe, vpon such pains and penalties as can or may
be iustly infliced on such offenders for their contempt of this our royal
command, and further to be answerable to the said William Edwarde, his
executors, administrators, and assignes, according to law, for his and their
damages thereby occasioned. And moreover, wee do by these Presente, for
vs, our heires and successors, will and command all and singular the justices of

page_text: the peace, mayors, sheriffs, bayliffs, constables, headboroughs, and all other
officers and ministers whatsoever of vs, our heires and successors for the time
being, that they or any of them do not, nor shall at any time hercafter during
the said term hereby granted, in any wise molest, trouble, or hinder the said
William Edwards, his executors, administrators, or assignes, or any of them, or
his or their deputies, servante, or agente, in or about the due and lawfull vse or
exercise of the aforesaid Invention, or any thing relating thereto: Provided
always, and these our Letters Patents are, and shall be vpon this con-
dition, that if at any time during the said term hereby granted it shall
be made appear to vs, our heires or successors, or any six or more of our
or their Privy Council, that this our grant is contrary to law, or Piudicial
or inconvenient to our subiects in general, or that the said Invention is
not a new invention as to the publick vso and exercise thereof, in that said
part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales
or Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed aforesaid, or not invented and found out by
the said William Edwarde, as aforesaid, then, vpon significačon or declaration
thereof to be made by vs, our heires or successors, vnder our or their signet or
privy seal, or by the Lorde and others of our or their Privy Council, or any
six or more of them, vnder their hande, these our Letters Patents shall
forthwith cease, determine, and be vtterly void to all intente and purposes,
any thing herein-before contained to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding:
Provided also, that these our Letters Patente, or any thing herein contained, shall
not extend or be construed to extend to give priviledge vnto the said William
Edward, his executors, administrators, or assignes, or any of them, to vse or
imitate any Invention or work whatsoever which hath heretofore been found
out or invented by any other of our subiects whatsoever, and publickly vsed or
exercised in that said part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England,
our Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed aforesaid, vnto whom
Jike Letters Patente or priviledges have been already granted, for the sole vse,
exercise, and benefit thereof, it being our will and pleasure that the said
William Edwarde, his executors, administrators, and assignes, and all and every
other person and persons to whom like Letters Patente or priviledges have been
already granted as aforesaid, shall distinctly vse and practise their severall
Inventions by them invented and found out, according to the true intent and
meaning of the same respective Letters Patente, and of these Presents: Pro- :
vided likewise, nevertheless, and these our Letters Patents are vpon this
express condition, that if the said William Edwarde, his executors or admi-
nistrators, or any person or persons which shall or may at any time or times
Lercafter during the continuance of this grant have or claim any right, titlo,

page_text: or-interest-in-law or equity, of, in, or to the power, priviledge, and authority of
the sole vse and benefit of the said Invention hereby granted, shall make any
transferr or assignment, or any pretended transferr or assignement of the said
liberty and priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or profit thereof,
or shall declare any trust thereof to or for any number of persons exceeding
the number of five, or shall open or cause to be opened any book or books for
publick subscriptions to be made by any number of persons exceeding the
number of five, in order to the raising any sume or sumes of money vnder
pretence of carrying on the said liberty or priviledge hereby granted or shall
by him or themselves, or his or their agent or servante, receive any sume or
sumes of money whatsoever of any number of persons exceeding in the whole
the number of five, for such or the like intent or purposes, or shall presume to
act as a corporate body, or shall divide the benefit of these our Letters Patente,
or the liberty and priviledges hereby by vs granted into any number of shares
exceeding the number of five, or shall commit or do, or procure to be com-
mitted or done, any act, matter, or thing whatsoever, during such time as such
person or persons shall have any right or title, either in law or equity, in or
to the said premisses which would be contrary to the true intent and meaning
of a certain Act of Parliament made in the sixth year of our reign, intituled
(An Act for the better securing certain Powers and Priviledges intended to be
granted by His Maiestie by Two Charters for Assurance of Ships and Merchan-
dizes at Sea, and for lending Money vpon Bottomry, and for restraining several
extravagant and vnwarrantable Practices therein mentioned), if these our
Letters Patente had not been granted, or in case the said power, priviledge, or
authority shall at time hereafter become vested in or in trust for more than the
number of five persons or their representatives at any one time, (reckoning
executors or administrators, as and for the single person whom they represent,
as to such interest as they are or shall be intituled to in right of such their
testator or intestate,) that then, and in any of the said cases, these our Letters
Patents, and all liberties, priviledges, and advantages whatsoever hereby
granted, shall vtterly cease, determine, and become void, anything herein-before
contained to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding. And lastly, wee
do by these Presente, for vs, our heires and successors, grant vnto the said
William Edwards, his executors, administrators, and assignes, that these our
Letters Patente, or the enrollment or exemplification thereof, shall be in
and by all things good, firm, valid, sufficient, and effectual in the law
according to the true intent and meaning thereof, and shall be taken, construed,
and adiudged in the most favourable and beneficial sense, for the best
advantage of the said William Edwarde, his executors, administrators, and

page_text: assignes, as well in all Courts of Record as elswhere, and by all and singular
the officers and ministers whatsoever of vs, our heires and successors, in that
part of our said Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed aforesaid, and amongst all and
every the subiect of vs, our heires and successors, whatsoever and whereso-
ever, notwithstanding the not full and certain describing the nature or quality
of the said Invention, or of the materials thereto conducing and belonging.
In witness, &c. Witness William Archbishop of Canterbury, &c. at
Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of June.
By Writt of Privy Seal.