IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING PIPES, COLUMNS, OR CYLINDERS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1875

page_text: i
LETTERS PATENT to John M'Nish, Manager to Messieurs Robert
Maclaren and Company, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Ironfounders, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Sealed tlie 22nd February 1876, and dated the 27th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John McNish at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th August 1875.
I, JOHN M'NISH, Manager to Messieurs Robert Maclaren and
Company, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Iron-
founders, do hereby declare the nature of tlie said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING PIPES, COLUMNS, OR CYLINDERS, AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR,” to be as follows, that is to say :—
This Invention relates to the system of making moulds for pipes,
columns, or cylinders, in which the mould for the exterior is rammed in
a vertical position upon a pattern which is much shorter than the entire
length of the mould, and which is moved gradually upwards from the

page_text: bottom as the ramming or filling-in-and-compressing of the sand.or
mould material proceeds.
The present Invention is advantageously applicable whether the
ramming is effected by hand or by any of the different kinds of
mechanical ramming or compressing apparatus which is at present
in use.
In the arrangements hitherto in use in carrying out the system
referred to the short pattern has been dependent on the rammed sand
through which it is drawn up for being guided, and it frequently happens
that the pattern is not kept in a truly central position, and that in
consequence the casting turns out of unequal thickness. It is the object
of the present Invention to prevent such defective action, and this is
done by fitting the short pattern to slide on a central guide spindle
which keeps it accurately central whilst moving up. The guide spindle
is by preference made tubular to give it the necessary dimensions and
stiffness without too much weight, and it has a cross head or block fixed
to its upper end and fitted to slide on vertical guides to admit of its
being lowered into and raised out of the mould box. The lower end of
the spindle is tapered to fit into a carefully centred fixed socket at the
bottom of the mould box, and whilst the ramming proceeds the guide
spindle is held rigidly, its lower end being in the bottom socket and its
upper end being steadied by the cross head and guides above. Overhead
winding apparatus is arranged for raising and lowering the guide spindle
and the pattern as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said John M'Nish in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
M*NISH, Manager to Messieurs Robert Maclaren and Company, of .
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Ironfounders, send 3
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the

page_text: thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said John M'Nish, Her special
licence that I, the said John M'Nish, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John M'Nish, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MOULDING PIPES, COLUMNS, OR CYLINDERS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John McNish,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-.
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John M Nish, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to the system of making moulds for pipes,
columns, or cylinders, in which the mould for the exterior is rammed in
a vertical position upon a pattern which is much shorter than the entire
length of the mould, and which is moved gradually upwards from the
bottom as the ramming or filling in and compressing of the sand or
mould material proceeds.
My present Invention is advantageously applicable whether the
ramming is effected by hand or by any of the different kinds of
mechanical ramming or compressing apparatus which is at present
in use.
<
In the arrangements hitherto in use in carrying out the system
referred to the short pattern has been dependent on the rammed sand
through which it is drawn up for being guided, and it frequently
happens that the pattern is not kept in a truly central position, and that
in consequence the casting turns out of unequal thickness. It is the

page_text: object of my present Invention to prevent such defective action, and
this is done by fitting the short pattern to slide on a central guide
spindle which keeps it accurately central whilst moving up all the way
from the bottom to the top of the mould.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood, I hereunto append a Sheet of
explanatory Drawings to be herein-after referred to, and representing
pipe moulding apparatus as fitted with my improvements. In these
Drawings the same reference numerals are used to mark the same or
like parts wherever they are repeated.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a side elevation; and Figure 2 is a front
elevation, partly in section.
The mould box 3 is as usual in two halves, one of which is supposed
to be removed in Figure 2; the short pattern 4 which is externally of
the usual form is shown in vertical section in Figure 2, as is also the
carriage 5 on which the mould box rests, and on which it is moved on
rails to the different parts of the foundry, as is well understood; the
guide spindle 6 is by preference made tubular to give it the necessary
dimensions and stiffness without too much weight, and it has a cross
head or block 7 fixed to its upper end and fitted to slide between vertical
fixed guide bars 8 to admit of its being lowered into and raised out of
the mould box 3 and yet have its upper end held quite steadily when it
is lowered into the mould box 3. The lower end of the spindle 6 is
tapered to fit accurately into a socket in a carefully centred plate 9
fixed at the bottom of the mould box 3, this plate 9 being in fact the
piece on which the faucet end of the pipe is moulded, and which is
adjusted and held in its place in the usual way. Overhead winding
apparatus is arranged for raising and lowering the guide spindle 6 and
the pattern 4 as required.
In order to shorten the Drawings parts are supposed to be removed
between the bottom and top of the fixed guide bars S, which are of
course long enough for the guide spindle 6 to be lifted clear above the
mould box 3. The guide spindle 6 is suspended by a chain 10 which
passes over pulleys 11, 12, to a counterweight 13, and the shaft 14 of
the pulley 11 has fast on its outer end a pulley 15 over which there is
passed an endless chain or rope (not shown), by means of which the
spindle can be conveniently raised or lowered. The pattern 4 has
"

page_text: jointed to it a pair of rods 16, the upper ends of which are connected by
adjustable links to a cross bar 17 attached to a chain 18 which passes
over a pulley 19 to a counterweight 20; the pulley 19 is fast on a
shaft 21, having also fast on it a worm wheel 22 driven by a worm 23
on a shaft driven through spur gearing 24, 25, 26, 27, from a first-
motion shaft, having on it fast and loose pulleys 28 for a driving belt.
No claim is herein made in respect of the overhead apparatus for
suspending and moving the pattern 4 and guide spindle 6, and it may
be arranged in any other suitable way.
The guide spindle 6 is of course made as true and uniform in diameter
as possible, and the pattern 4 has bushes 29, 30, fitted to it so as to be
accurately concentric with the outside of the pattern, and so as to work
truly on the guide spindle 6; a small leather ring 31 is fixed to the top
bush 29 to prevent the sand from getting between the bush and the
spindle.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I have to state that I do not restrict
myself to the precise details herein described or delineated; but that
what I believe to be novel and original and claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
the making of moulds for pipes, columns, or cylinders by means of a
short pattern guided by a central spindle which is held steadily or fixed
both at the top and bottom during the moulding operation, substantially
as herein-before described.
In witness whercof, I, the said John M'Nish, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
JOHN MCNISH. (L.S.)