Improvements in Pipe Wrenches.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 22nd June, 1891-Accepted, 25th July, 1891
Improvements in Pipe Wrenches.
I, JOHN HENRY COATMAN of Summer Hill, Delph in the County of York,
Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to pipe wrenches and consists in improved arrangements,
constructions and combinations of the parts of said wrenches, the object of my
invention being to produce wrenches that can be used for turning pipes in either
direction without having to be removed from the pipes and reversed and which can
be adjusted to a large range of sizes of pipes and used for gripping a pipe tight and
firm when required.
In carrying my invention into effect, I form the face of the inner jaw next to the
handle end curved to two convex curves meeting and forming a hollow at the
middle, and with saw teeth having opposite inclinations on each side of the middle.
The outer jaw I form of a hook composed by preference of two hook-shaped
plates embracing the inner jaw and connected by one or more rivets, which hook is
moveable on a pin or bolt passing through the head of a screw bolt, the said head
being guided in a slot in the handle. The handle is formed in two parts, the outer
one being so arranged that it can be turned round in the inner part on which the
jaw with double curvature and slot hereinbefore referred to are formed. The
screw-bolt enters a tapped socket on the outer handle part so that when the latter
is turned, the screw-bolt is screwed into or out of the socket and the hook or outer
jaw pivotted on the head of the screw-bolt is thereby moved nearer to or farther
from the inner jaw. By this means the width of the jaw can be adjusted to a great
range of different sizes of pipes, and any of them can be gripped tight between the
hook and the hollow part of the inner jaw by turning the outer handle part round
and drawing the jaws together. When adjusted for certain sizes of pipes, the
wrench can be used for turning these in either direction, the convex curve on one
side of the centre of the inner jaw coming into operation when turning in one
direction and the convex curve on the other side of the centre coming into action
when turning in the other direction. Suitable stops are provided for preventing
the hook or outer jaw falling over too far in either direction when no pipe is in
the jaw.
The hook may be provided with two or more holes for the pin or bolt connecting
it to the sliding bolthead, and the range of sizes of pipes for which the wrench can
be used can thus be further increased. Instead of the outer handle being formed
with a socket for the screw-bolt it may be formed with a screwed end and the
sliding head formed with a tapped socket. In cases where only a limited range of
pipes is to be operated by one wrench, the inner jaw may be forged solid with a
simple handle and the hook connected to the same by a pin or bolt. Instead of the
hook being composed of two plates embracing the inner jaw, obviously the arrange-
ment may be reversed.
Dated this 20th day of Santamba 1800
W. T. EMMOTT,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Pipe Wrenches.
I, JOHN HENRY COATMAN of Summer Hill, Delph in the County of York,
Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to pipe wrenches and consists in improved arrangements,
_constructions and combinations of the parts of said wrenches, the object of my
invention being to produce wrenches that can be used for turning pipes in either
direction without having to be removed from the pipes and reversed, and which can
be adjusted to a large range of sizes of pipes and used for gripping a pipe tightly
and firmly when required.
On the sheet of drawings appended hereunto
Figure 1 shows a side view partly in section of an improved wrench with the
parts in the position required for turning a pipe from the left to the right and
Figure 2 a side view of the same.
Figure 3, the position of the parts when gripping a pipe tightly.
Figure 4, the position of the parts required for turning a pipe from the right to
the left.
In carrying my invention into effect, I attach to a handle a of the wrench a
sleeve or socket by means of screws c entering a circular groove turned in the
part a¹ of the handle a that enters into the sleeve, so that the handle can turn in
the sleeve b. The latter beyond the part containing the handle is flattened and
has the curved jaw 612 forged on it. This jaw is curved to two convex curves
meeting and forming a hollow in the middle as shewn on the drawing, and with
triangular teeth having opposite inclinations directed towards the middle on each
side of the middle. The other jaw is formed of a hook d composed preferably of
two hookshaped plates d¹ d² connected together by one or more rivets and
embracing the inner jaw 12. The hook d is movcably connected by a bolt e or
equivalent pin to a sliding block formed on a screw f, which block is preferably
of the same thickness as the flattened part 3 of the sleeve 6 and is guided in a slot
of the part 63. The part a' of the handle is drilled and tapped for the screw f and
by turning the handle round, the screw can be screwed out or in and the hook or
jaw d drawn nearer to or moved further away from the curved jaw b¹ 62. By this
means the width between the jaws can be adjusted to a great range of different
sizes of pipes, and any of them can be gripped tightly as in a vice between the
hollow part of the curved jaws 62 and the hollow d of the hook d as shown by
Figure 3, by turning the handle a by means of a removable peg that can be
inserted into a hole in the handle a. When so gripped the pipe can be filed or other
operations performed on it.
When adjusted for certain sizes of pipes, the wrench can be used for turning
these in either direction, the part 2 gripping the pipe between itself and the hook d
and the parts assuming a position similar to that shewn by Figure 1 when the
handle is turned from the left to the right. By slightly moving the handle to the
left, the pipe is released and the wrench can be shifted round the same and a move-
ment of the handle to the right will lock the pipe again. For turning the pipe in
the opposite direction, the handle is turned to the left till the jaws assume a position
similar to that shewn by Figure 4, when the curved part 1 grips the pipe between
itself and the hook d. In this way the pipe can be turned in either direction
without having to take the wrench off the same and turning it over. Pins hand h¹
prevent the hook from falling over too far in either direction when no pipe is in
the jaw.
The hook d may be provided with two or more holes for the bolt e or its
equivalent connecting the hook of the head f¹ of the screw f, and the range of sizes

page_text: of pipes for which the wrench can be used can be further increased in this manner.
Instead of the handle a being formed with a socket a¹ tapped for the screw f, the
handle may be formed with a screw and the sliding head formed with a tapped
socket. In cases where only a limited range of sizes is to be operated by one
wrench the jaws 61 62 may be forged solid with a simple handle and the hook
connected to the same by a bolt or pin. Instead of the hook d being composed of
two plates embracing the curved jaw, the hook may be made of a single piece and
the jaws 61 62, the part 63 and the head f' slotted so as to embrace the hook.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
Firstly, the construction or arrangement of pipe wrenches substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the drawing.
Secondly, in a pipe wrench the arrangement or formation of the jaw forged on
the handle with two curved parts meeting and forming a hollow at the middle and
each provided with triangular teeth inclined in the opposite direction to those on
the other part, and the other jaw of a hook moveable on a bolt or pin passing
through the handle, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Thirdly, in a pipe wrench the arrangement or formation of the jaw forged on a
sleeve which is connected to the handle in such a manner that the latter can be
turned round in said sleeve, with two curved parts meeting and forming a hollow at
the middle and each provided with triangular teeth inclined in the opposite direction
to those on the other part, and of the other jaw of a hook moveable on a pin or bolt
passing through a sliding block adjustable in the sleeve by turning the handle
round in said sleeve, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
drawing.
Dated this 19th day of June 1901
W. T. EMMOTT,
Agent for the Applicant.