IMPROVEMENTS IN CASK CLEANSING MACHINES OR APPARATUS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Beal Jude, of Wateringbury, near Maidstone,
in the County of Kent, Brewer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CASK CLEANSING MACHINES OR APPARATUS."
Sealed the 16th August 1864, and dated the 18th February 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Beal Jude at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th February 1864.
I, JOHN BEAL JUDE, of Wateringbury, near Maidstone, in the County of
Kent, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN CASE CLEANSING MACHINES AND APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, of a novel description of rotating frame or
holder for containing and securing casks whilst being cleansed; and, second,
in giving to such frame or holder and the casks therein contained, whilst being
caused to rotate "head over," an occasional oscillating or angular motion or
movement for the purpose of facilitating the process of cask cleansing.
The description of frame or holder which I employ is specially adapted for
cleansing more than a single cask at one time contained within the same
rotating frame; and by an adaptation to the said frame or holder casks of
different sizes may be fitted therein, so that one machine, if desired, need only
be employed for cleansing various sized casks.
I prefer to make the sides of the rotating frame or holder of two plates of
angle iron so secured as to leave a space between the plates equal to the

page_text: thickness or width of the rectangular or flat portion of the central supporting
shaft, the ends of the frame being formed of solid pieces of wood or iron; one
end of the rotating frame is provided on its inside face with a shifting bar,
placed at right angles to the end of the rotating frame on which the casks to
be cleansed are placed (one at each end). Packing blocks are provided of
various thicknesses to be placed between the said bar and the end of the
rotating frame, for the purpose of varying the distance of the bar from the
centre of the rotating frame; this distance must be equal to half the height of
the casks intended to be cleansed; the shifting bar and packing blocks as
they are required are secured to the end of the rotating frame by screwed
bolts or other suitable means; the other end of the frame has a tightening
screw passing through it, and acting on a moveable blocking piece or bar
placed at right angles to the rotating frame. The casks to be cleansed are
placed between the shifting bar at one end of the rotating frame and the
blocking piece at the other, and securely held in their position by means of
the tightening screw (but I do not consider the use of the tightening screw
as forming part of my Invention). Two transverse bars are fixed at each end
to the centre of the angle iron sides, with a space between them equal to that
between the angle iron sides. The central supporting shaft or axis of the
machine is placed in the space formed between the angle iron sides of the
rotating. frame and the transverse bars, and is connected to the rotating
frame by a round pin passing through holes in the transverse bars, and a corre-
sponding hole through the central supporting shaft at right angles with its
length; on this pin the frame or holder is occasionally caused to vibrate or
oscillate. The central supporting shaft or axis of the machine is at its
extremities, within a certain distance of the rotating frame, formed round, and
is carried in suitable side standards or supports, but the central portion that is
in the space formed between the angle iron sides and the transverse bars of
the rotating frame is formed of rectangular section.
For the purpose of giving the angular or oscillating movement herein-before
described to the frame and casks therein contained, one of the means which
may be employed to accomplish this may consist of a lever pivotting on a
bracket attached to one of the standards forming the support for the machine,
and having a fork head taking into à sliding block on the central shaft or
spindle of the machine, the one extremity of the sliding block being provided
with a rod or arm, the other extremity of which is attached to a projecting
lug attached to the transverse bars connecting the two sides of the rotating
frame of the machine, the frame being free to oscillate or vibrate on the pin
passing through it and the central shaft, so that upon the lever being actuated

page_text: the frame and the casks contained within it are thrown on either side of the
vertical axis of the machine. The lever may then be held in its raised or
depressed position by a stud or pin in the support or standard upon which it
pivots.
I do not restrict myself to the use of the particular arrangement I have
described for giving a "caut " to the rotating frame, as any of the well-know
mechanically equivalent means may be substituted therefor.
And I wish it to be distinctly understood as forming one of the novel features
in my said Invention that in no instance is the centre of motion or the vertical
axis of the machine coincident with the centre of any one of the casks, the
casks being placed at the extremities of the bottom bar, each equidistant from
the vertical axis of the machine, and upon the machine being rotated the
motion thereby imparted to the casks from this disposition tends to facilitate
the internal cleansing of the casks under treatment.
Any convenient cleansing materials, such as gravel and water, may be
inserted at the bung holes of the casks, as may be found desirable, but my
Invention has no reference thereto.
Cask cleansing machines constructed according to my Invention may be
worked by manual, steam, or other power, as may be found convenient.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Beal Jude in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the
18th August 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN.
BEAL JUDE, of Wateringbury, near Maidstone, in the County of Kent,
Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters-
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord.
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the 27th year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Beal Jude, Her special license that I, the said John Beal Jude, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said John
Beal Jude, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASK CLEANSING

page_text: MACHINES OR APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Beal Jude, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Beal Jude, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing and accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to say:-
My Invention consists, first, of a novel description of rotating frame or
holder for containing and securing casks whilst being cleansed, and second, in
giving to such-frame or holder and the casks therein contained, whilst being
caused to rotate "head over," an occasional oscillating or angular-motion
or movement for the purpose of facilitating the process of cask cleansing.
The description of frame or holder which I employ is specially adapted for
cleansing more than a single cask at one time contained within the same
rotating frame, and by an adaptation to the said frame or holder, casks of
different sizes may be fitted therein, so that one machine only need be employed
for cleansing various sized casks. I prefer to make the sides of the rotating
frame or holder of two plates of angle iron, so secured as to leave a space
between the plates equal to the thickness or width of the rectangular or flat
portion of the central supporting shaft. The ends of the rotating frame are
formed of solid pieces of wood or iron, one end of the rotating frame is
provided on its inside face with a shifting bar or arm placed at right angles
to the end of the rotating frame, on which the casks to be cleansed are placed
(one at each end), and packing blocks are provided of various thicknesses to
be placed between the shifting bar or arm, and the inside face of this end of
the rotating frame for the purpose of varying the distance of the shifting bar
or arm (forming the base upon which the casks are placed) from the centre
of the rotating frame, this distance must be equal to half the height of the
casks intended to be cleansed, so that the bouge line or greatest diameter of
the casks is always coincident with the axis of the driving shaft of the
machine, irrespective of the size of the casks. The shifting bar or arm and
packing blocks are secured in their proper position to the end of the rotating
frame by screwed bolts and nuts or other suitable means. The other end of
the frame has a tightening screw passing through it and acting on a moveable
blocking piece or bar placed at right angles to the rotating frame. The casks

page_text: to be cleansed are placed between the shifting bar at one end of the rotating
frame, and the blocking piece at the other, and are securely held in their
positions by means of the tightening screw, but the use of a tightening screw
for securing and adjusting casks whilst being cleansed is not intended to be
claimed by me. For the purpose of forming the rotating frame, two transverse
bars are at their ends fixed to the centre of the angle iron side pieces, there
being a space left between them equal to that between the angle iron sides of
the rotating frame. The central supporting shaft or axis of the machino is
between the angle iron sides of the rotating frame and the transverse bars
last mentioned, and it is connected to the rotating frame by a round pin or
supporting stud passing through holes in the transverse bars, and a corres-
ponding hole through the central supporting shaft; on this pin or stud the
rotating frame or holder and the casks therein contained is supported and
occasionally caused to vibrate. or oscillate when it is desired to change tho
position of the casks within the frame. The central shaft or axis of tho
machine is at its extremities, within a certain distance of the rotating frame,
formed round, and is carried in suitable side standards or supports, but the
central portion that is in the space formed between the angle iron sides and
the transverse bars of the rotating frame, is formed of rectangular section or
flattened as shewn in the Drawing.
For the purpose of giving the angular or oscillating movement to the frame
and casks therein contained, one of the methods which may be employed
consists of a lever pivotting upon a bracket attached to one of the standards,
forming the support for the machine, and having a fork head taking into a
sliding block on the contral shaft or spindle; the one extremity of the sliding
block being provided with a rod or arm, the other extremity of which is
attached to a projecting lug attached to the transverse bars connecting the two
sides of the rotating frame of the machine, the frame being free to oscillate or
vibrate on the pin or stud passing through it and the central shaft, so that
upon the lever being actuated, the frame and the casks contained within it are
thrown on either side of the vertical axis of the machine; the lever may then
be held in its raised or depressed position by a stud or pin in the support or
standard upon which it pivots.
And I wish it to be distinctly understood, as forming one of the features of
my said Invention, that.in no instance is the centre of motion or the vertical
axis of the machine coincident with the centre of any one of the casks, the
casks being placed at the extremities of the bottom bar, each equidistant
from the vertical axis of the machine, and upon the machine being.rotated

page_text: the motion thereby imparted to the casks from this disposition tends to
facilitate the internal cleansing of the casks under treatment.
Any convenient cleansing materials, such as gravel and water, or small
chains, may be inserted at the bung holes of the casks, as may be found
desirable, but my Invention has no reference to the nature. or description
of materials employed for producing frictional contact or a scrubbing action
within the interior of the casks.
Cask cleansing machines constructed according to this Invention may be
worked by manual, steam, or other power, as may be found most convenient.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 is a front elevation,
Figure 2 is a side view, and Figure 3 is a plan of the machine constructed
according to my Invention; Figure 4 is a detached view shewing the rotating
frame F in an angular position, by which the relations of the transverse plates
or bars c, c, and the central-shaft-or-axis of the machine to each other, are
made apparent; Figure 5 is a section taken on the line X, Y, across the
central shaft, and the transverse bars or plates c, c', in the position given by
Figure 4.
The principal parts of the said machine are designated by roman capital
letters, whilst the minor parts may be identified by means of small italics.
A, A, are the upright standards or means of supporting or carrying the
machine by means of the central shaft or axis supported in bearings; B, the
base frame carrying the uprights; C, the central shaft or axis of the machine
supporting the rotating frame; at one end of the shaft is shewn a crank
handle, and at the opposite end a fast and loose pulley or rigger; D, D¹, the
fast and loose pulleys for enabling the machine to be driven by a strap or
band; E, a crank handle for the purpose of rotating the machine by manual
power; F is the revolving frame of the machine, which is shewn as consisting
of four angle irons f.f, which are connected at the two extremities by trans-
verse pieces b, 6', and at the centre of their lengths by means of flat bars c, c³,
which run parallel to and side by side with the central shaft'; these transverse
plates or bars c, c³, are held together by means of a stud, pin, or bolt a passing
through them and through the central shaft or axis, the flattened portion of
the length of the central shaft having a hole or eye therein for the purpose of
receiving the pin, stud, or bolt a; G is the shifting bar or arm on which the
.casks are placed; G' are the packing blocks to be inserted between this bar
and the inside face of the end piece 61 of the rotating frame, and, which
packing blocks or pieces being of different thicknesses to accommodate hal
the difference of the height of each cask, remain constantly in use irrespective

page_text: of being placed wholly or partially above or below the shifting bar or arm, so
that but one length of holding bolts is necessary; the opposite end piece b has
a screwed nut into which a square-threaded screw takes, having at its lower
end a binding block in which the point of the screw swivels or revolves freely,
whilst the upper end of the screw has a head by means of which it is turned
by a lever or spanner. I is a hand lever having its fulcrum at the end and
working against a quadrant plate h, by which it can be secured in such a
position as to regulate the position of the rotating frame of the machine within
certain limits by the intervention of stop pins; I is a way shaft having at one
end a lever arm J, and about its centre a fork lever K taking into and acting
upon a sliding sleeve or block L, to which is attached one end of a connecting
rod M, the opposite end of which is connected by means of a pin with lugs
N, N, projecting from the flat middle bars of the rotating frame. The con-
necting rod is caused to move between the angle iron sides of the frame when
the sliding sleeve or block L is caused to slide back or forth upon the round
portion of the central shaft or axis of the machine, which latter motion is
effected through the hand lever H and lever arm J, which are connected by
means of a link O.
Although I have shewn and described a hand lover, quadrant, and link to
operate the sliding sleeve or block, I do not intend to confine myself thereto,
as any other mechanical equivalent may be employed for actuating the sliding
sleeve or block, and of thus giving the requisite position to the rotating
frame.
Having now described and illustrated my Invention, I wish it to be under-
stood that what I claim is, the arrangement, construction, and mode of working
machinery or apparatus for cleansing casks as herein described and as illus-
trated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Beal Jude, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the
year
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
JAMES STEVENSON,
19, Salisbury Street,
Strand, W.C.
JOHN BEAL JUDE. (L.S.)