Improvements in the Construction and Manufacture of Belting or Bands for Driving Machinery and Kindred Uses.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1886.
Complete Left, 14th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th Mar., 1887.
[Communicated from abroad by GEORGE FREDERICK JEWELL, of 3, Watkins Lane,
Hourah, Calcutta, Empire of India, Ropemaker.]
Improvements in the Construction and Manufacture of Belting or
Bands for Driving Machinery and Kindred Uses.
I, WALTER WITHALL of 18 Bedford Row in the County of Middlesex, Solicitor do.
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention consists of or relates to a novel and economical construction and
manufacture of belting and bands for the purpose of driving machinery and kindred
uses. These beltings or bands are made from aloe fibre, manilla sisal cotton or other
fibrous material or hemp and are constructed as follows:
The warp of the said beltings or bands is composed of aloe fibre; manilla sisal cotton
or other fibrous material or hemp twisted into yarns right and left handed either by
hand or machinery alternately that is to say the fibres are twisted from right to left
and from left to right alternately, and these yarns are then either formed or laid
together by hand or machinery into strands. By passing the strands through an iron
or wooden tube or other tube-like contrivance, the right hand twisted yarns being
twisted so as to form left hand twisted strands and the left hand twisted yarns being
twisted so as to form right hand twisted strands alternately. The number thickness
and length of the yarns and strands respectively is regulated according to the size and
description of the belt required and the quantum of weight or strain it has to bear.
The strands composing the warp are next thoroughly stretched to their utmost
extent and tension and then after the strands are thus formed or laid (right handed
and left handed as above described) and stretched they are set together in the loom for
weaving alternately and woven together either by hand or power loom by one con-
tinuous weft commencing right to left and continuing across the warp from left to
right and right to left alternately throughout the belt or band or a double weft may be
used one from left to right and the other from right to left. One half or other
proportion of the belt may be constructed of right hand twisted strands and the other

page_text: half or other proportion of left hand twisted strands or of all right hand twisted
strands or of all left hand twisted strands. The heart of the strands may be composed
of wire of any section made of any metallic or other substance or material.
The weft employed may be made either of the same material and may be of the
same construction as the strands which form the warp (but of less thickness) or such
weft may consist of wire of any section made of any metallic or other substance or
material. In either case the edge or selvege is evenly rounded off and the weaving of
the band or belting may be either twilled or plain. The belt or band thus constructed
is then soaked in fish oil and afterwards compressed between rollers and then to add
weight is either coated with paint or with litharge mixed with paint or similar
substance or tar or with a surface of India rubber or gutta percha, the advantage of
these latter materials being to render the article water, and weather, proof and smooth.
The said beltings or bands may be constructed or manufactured by hand or by any
suitable looms and other machinery that will produce the same articles, or partly by
hand and partly by machinery.
BREWER & SON,
For the Applicant.

page_text: Bands for Driving Machinery and Kindred Uses.
I WALTER WITHALL of 18 Bedford Row in the County of Middlesex Solicitor
(a communication to me from abroad by George Frederick Jewoll of 3 Watkins Lane,
Hourah, Calcutta, Empire of India, Ropemaker) do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My said invention consists of or relates to a novel and economical construction and
manufacture of belting and bands for the purpose of driving machinery and kindred
115cs. These beltings or bands are made from aloe fibre manilla sisal cotton or other
fibrous material or hemp.
And in order that this invention may be fully understood I will describe the samé
with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 shewing a piece of yarn
twisted from right to left and Figure 2 being a similar view of a piece of yarn twisted
from left to right Figures 3 and 4 shew respectively right and left hand laid strands
and Figure 5 shews 4 such strands laid together, all as hereafter described.
The warp of the said beltings or bands is composed of aloe fibre manilla sisal cotton
or other fibrous material or hemp twisted into yarns right and left handed either by
hand or machinery alternately that is to say the fibres are twisted from right to left
and from left to right alternately as shewn by Figures 1 and 2, and these yarns are
then either formed or laid together by hand or machinery into strands. By passing
the strands through an iron or wooden tube or other tube-like contrivance the right
hand twisted yarns being twisted so as to form left hand twisted strands, and the left
hand twisted yarns being twisted so as to form right hand twisted strands alternately
as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The number thickness and length of the yarns and
strands respectively is regulated according to the size and description of the belt
required and the quantum of weight or strain it has to bear.
The strands composing the warp are next thoroughly stretched to their utmost
extent and tension and then after the strands are thus formed or laid (right handed
and left handed as above described) and stretched they are set together as shewn at
Figure 5, in the loom for weaving alternately, and woven together either by hand or
power loom by one continuous weft commencing from right to left and continuing
across the warp from left to right and right to left alternately throughout the belt or
band or a double weft may be used one from left to right and the other from right to
left. One half or other proportion of the belt may be constructed of right hand
twisted strands and the other half or other proportion of left hand twisted strands or
of all right hand twisted strands or of all left hand twisted strands. The heart of the
strands may be composed of wire of any section made of any metallic or other
substance or material.
The weft employed may be made either of the same material and may be of the
same construction as the strands which form the warp (but of less thickness) or such

page_text: weft may consist of wire of any section made of any metallic or other substance or
material. In either case the edge or selvege is evenly rounded off and the weaving of
the band or belting may be either twilled or plain. The belt or band thus constructed
is then soaked in fish oil and afterwards compressed between rollers and then to add
weight is either coated with paint or with litharge mixed with paint or similar
substance or tar or with a surface of India rubber or gutta percha the advantage of
these latter materials being to render the article water and weather proof and smooth.
The said beltings or bands may be constructed or manufactured by hand or by any
suitable looms and other machinery that will produce the same, articles or partly by
hand and partly by machinery.
The belting or band constructed according to this invention whilst in every way
suitable for its intended use will be found to be from 25 to 50 per cent cheaper than
any belting or band now in use whilst at the same time it is equally durable, and
stands as great a strain as leathern belting or bands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. The employment of aloe fibre manilla sisal cotton or any other fibrous material
or. hemp but particularly aloe fibre for constructing and manufacturing belting or
bands as herein set forth.
2nd. The construction and employment of belts or bands composed of fibres twisted
right handed and left handed alternately into yarns such yarns being formed into
strands twisted in a similar manner and woven together all substantially as herein
described.
3rd. The stretching of the warp before being woven by which means the belt or
band when constructed is not susceptible to undue elasticity or elongation but obtains
and retains a firm grip or hold of the wheel or other part of the machinery which it
circumvents whilst on the other hand owing to the position of the belt or band when
in use there is no danger or possibility of its shrinking.
4th. The application of a weft composed of wire substantially as herein described.
5th. The employment of fish oil in the course of construction of the belt or band
the peculiar property of such oil when so employed being to render the belt or band
extremely supple and to endue it in that respect with the qualities hitherto possessed
by leathern belting alone.
6th. The construction and employment of beltings or bands for driving machinery
and other kindred uses substantially as herein described together with any mere
modification or modifications thereof.
DDREAD
200
BREWER & SON,
For the Applicant.