Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1893-Accepted, 29th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
We, WILLIAM SISSON and ARTHUR WHITE SISSON, both of Quay Street
Ironworks, Gloucester, in the County of Gloucester, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
--
In internally fired vertical boilers, the fire box is constructed with rows of tubes,
crossing it from side to side, in three different directions, as viewed in plan. Each
row of tubes lies in a plane inclined to the horizontal, sufficiently to cause an
adequate circulation of water to be set up through the tubes, the axes of which lic
up and down the incline. There may be one or more rows of tubes, one over the
other, crossing the fire box in each of the three directions. This method of
disposing the tubes causes practically the whole of the ascending current from the
fire, to be divided into thin streams, impinging upon and passing between the tubes ;
there being no wide spaces through which any part of the current can pass to the
chimney in a thick unbroken stream. As a consequence, the interception of the
heat from the fire and its transference to the water in the tubes is greatly promoted.
It is convenient to make the fire box, or that part of it which is crossed by the
tubes, hexagonal, with the tubes running across between opposite sides of the
hexagon; so that, in plan view, the tubes will stand at right angles to the fire box
sides which they take into. The fire box may however be cylindrical throughout,
and in this case the tubes at or near the outside in each row, may have their ends
bent to adapt them to the curve of the fire box. Part of the shell of the boiler is
made removable in order to give access for cleaning or renewing the tubes and
other parts of the boiler; and the two parts of the shell may be connected together
with a flange joint secured by bolts. The edge of one part of the shell may project
beyond the joint flange belonging to such part, and extend into a corresponding
recess behind the joint flange of the other part of the shell, somewhat after the
manner of a spiggot and socket joint.
Dated this ond day of Contamhau 1805
H. C. CARVER,
Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
We, WILLIAM SISSON and ARTHUR WHITE SISSON, both of Quay Street
Ironworks, Gloucester, in the County of Gloucester, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In internally fired vertical boilers according to this invention, the fire box is
constructed with rows of tubes crossing it from side to side in three different
directions, as viewed in plan. Each row of tubes lies in a plane inclined to the
horizontal sufficiently to cause an adequate circulation of water to be set up through
the tubes, the axes of which lie up and down the incline. There may be one or
more rows of tubes, one over the other, crossing the fire box in each of the three
directions. This method of disposing the tubes causes practically the whole of the
ascending current from the fire, to be divided into thin streams, impinging upon and
passing between the tubes; there being no wide spaces through which any part of
the current can pass to the chimney in a thick unbroken stream. As a consequence,
the interception of the heat from the fire and its transference to the water in the

page_text: tubes is greatly promoted. It is convenient to make that part of the fire box which
is crossed by the tubes hexagonal with the tubes running across between opposite
sides of the hexagon; so that in plan view, the tubes will stand at right angles to the fire
box sides which they take into. The fire box may however be hexagonal through-
out; or it may be cylindrical throughout and in this latter case the tubes at or near
the outside in each row, may have their ends bent to adapt them to the curve of
the fire box. Part of the shell of the boiler is made removable in order to give
access for cleaning or renewing the tubes and other parts of the boiler; and the
two parts of the shell may be connected together with a flange joint secured by
bolts. The edge of one part of the shell may project beyond the joint flange
belonging to such part, and extend into a corresponding recess behind the joint
flange of the other part of the shell somewhat after the manner of a spigot and
socket joint.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a central vertical section partly in elevation, of an internally fired
vertical steam boiler constructed with water heating and circulating tubes arranged
according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of such a boiler having a fire box the upper portion
of which is of hexagonal form as seen in plan, the section being taken in two planes
corresponding to the lines az and y y of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 2, but showing the boiler with a circular fire box.
Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional detail views drawn to a larger scale and hereinafter
referred to.
1 1 is a vertical steam boiler constructed with an internal fire box 2 within the
upper portion of which are arranged three series or groups of water tubes 3, 4 and 5
connected to the fire box and arranged to extend in three different directions as
shown. The tubes in each of the groups shown, are arranged in two planes one
above the other and each slightly inclined to the horizontal so as to cause an
effective circulation of water and steam to be set up through them when they are
exposed to the heat of the fire within the fire box. By this means the body of
water in the boiler is caused to be effectually divided up into a number of small
streams with the result that heat generated in the fire box will be transmitted to
the water in a very economical and effective manner so that a high evaporative
efficiency will be obtained. When the fire box is constructed of the hexagonal
form shown in Fig. 2 the tubes are secured to the oppositely arranged sides thereof,
being arranged at right angles or thereabouts to such sides. When the fire box is
of the circular form shown in Fig. 3 the outer tubes in each row may be slightly
bent at the ends as shown at 6 so as to facilitate their attachment to the fire box.
To enable ready access to be gained to the tubes for the purpose of cleaning or
renewing them, the boiler shell is constructed in two parts that are adapted to he
readily connected and disconnected to and from each other and to and from the
auptake 7 from the fire box. For this purpose to the exterior of each of the
adjacent ends of the two parts 1, 1 of the boiler shell is rivetted an angle iron
forming a circular flange $, or the parts 1, 1º, may be flanged the two flanges being
arranged to rest the one on the other as shown to a larger scale in Fig. 4 and
adapted to be secured together by removable bolts and nuts. The upper part 1
is also adapted to be similarly connected to an angle iron 9 forming an annular
flange secured to the exterior of the uptake 7 as shown to a larger scale in Fig. 5,
or the uptake 7, may be flanged. The upper edge of the lower part 1 of the
boiler shell is shown as arranged to extend above the flange 8 secured thereto,
and enter within the flange 8 secured to the lower end of the upper part 1 of the
boiler shell, the lower extremity of which for this purpose terminates at a short
distance above the bottom of the flange secured thereto, as clearly shown in
Fig. 4. By this construction the fitting together of the two parts of the boiler
shell is facilitated.
.
10 is a sheet metal chimney or flue encircling the upper end of the uptake 7
and carried by the annular flange 9.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
do not claim broadly a fire box with flat sides and cross tubes having their axes
inclined to the horizontal but what we do claim is :-
:-
1. An internally fired vertical steam boiler constructed with a fire box having
rows of water tubes crossing it from side to side in three different directions as
viewed in plan, each row of tubes lying in a plane inclined to the horizontal
sufficiently to cause an adequate circulation of water and steam to be set up
through the tubes when heat is applied as described.
2. An internally fired vertical steam boiler constructed with a fire box made
wholly or as to the part thereof where the cross tubes are placed of hexagonal
form as viewed in horizontal section and having rows of water tubes placed across
from side to side in three different directions as viewed in plan the axes of the
tubes being inclined to the horizontal as described.
3. The improved steam boiler shewn in and described with reference to the
annexed drawings, whether the. upper portion of the fire box be of hexagonal
form as seen in plan or cross section as shown in Fig. 2, or of circular form as
shown in Fig. 3.
Dated this 1st day of June 1893.
WILLIAM SISSON.
W. Lloyd Wise,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.