Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement, applicable also as an Anticorrosive Covering or Lining.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement, applicable also as an
Anticorrosive Covering or Lining.
I, JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS, of 68, Bridge Street, Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Cement Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to the manufacture of cement, for use in con-
nection with apparatus or materials subjected to artificial heat, generated by fire,
or hot fluids, or the like; for use in the form of paint, as a covering of iron and
steel surfaces. for their protection against corrosion, as for covering the plates of
various parts of ships, which it may be desired to protect, and other steel or iron
work on land for use in steam generators; and for similar, and other purposes,
to which it may be usefully applied. And the invention has chiefly for its object
to provide cements of the kind referred to, and for purposes such as specified,
at an inexpensive rate and to thereby enable their use, for purposes such as
described, to be considerably extended, or, at any rate, to enable them to be
used and applied at considerably less cost than heretofore.
According to this invention, the base of the cement consists of the combination
of bauxite and silicate of soda; and, preferably, in or about the proportion of
one part of the latter, to four of the former. This compound, I find, when heated
artificially, even at comparatively low temperature, soon sets, and becomes hard,
and adheres strongly, and does not crack; and it is, moreover, insoluble, even, in
hot water.
According to one mode of manufacture, silicate of soda, in or about the propor-
tions specified, is added to bauxite in a natural state, and then it is allowed to
stand for a short time, it is then ground or pounded, and the two substances
become thoroughly mixed, and are brought to the condition of a plastic substance,
or putty. In this condition, it is serviceable for repairing vessels, or chambers,
subjected to artificial heat, as fire heat for making joints in such things, or
filling cracks or holes, or repairing same; and generally where a material having
the qualities and characteristics of such a cement, is required.
In another mode of making the cement, the bauxite is soaked in silicate of
soda: and, after withdrawal, the excess of silicate of soda is drained off. The
compound is then ground or pounded, as before specified, and it possesses the same
characteristics as that made in the manner just specified.
When cement is required to set extra quickly, or under water, there is combined
with it a proportion of Portland cement. For instance, in the case of cement
being required for use in the inside surface of steam generators, where it is sub-
jected to hot water, the compound may consist of two parts of the combined
bauxite and silicate of soda, and one part of Portland cement; but, as stated, the
simple mixture of bauxite and silicate of soda will, of itself, resist the action of
hot water, after being artificially heated; but does not set so rapidly as that
containing Portland cement. If this compound cement is used under water, or

page_text: for purposes subjected to wet, the two portions of which it is composed may be in
the proportion of one, to one.
In a cement, according to this invention, in a condition most suitable as a paint,
for covering or painting iron or steel structures or surfaces, water is mixed and
combined with the bauxite and silicate of soda cement, above described, in the
proportion of about three parts of water, to one of cement; and, to this mixture,
there is further added one part of Portland cement, to twelve of the mixture of
cement and water. The product is a paint capable of being applied by the brush.
This paint may be allowed to dry or harden of itself, which will be accomplished
in a comparatively short time. Or, the hardening may be hastened by the
application of artificial heat, as by a lamp flame or flame jets, or other suitable
heating means; or, by heating the metal itself.
As regards the proportions herein specified, these may be used with advantage;
but they can be varied within reasonable limits, without departing from the
essential characteristics of the invention.
According to another method of making up the cement material, the bauxite is
soaked in water, then drained, and ground or pounded; and then the resultant
material is made into bricks which are then air dried, and finally soaked in, or
have added to them, silicate of soda.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The cement, comprising bauxite and silicate of soda: substantially as
described.
2. In a cement, for the purposes as herein referred to, the employment of bauxite,
in combination with a material or materials specified; substantially as set forth.
3. In a cement, for purposes as described, the employment and combination of
bauxite and silicate of soda, ground or pounded, and mixed mechanically together,
and reduced to the condition specified, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
4. The cement materials or bodies, consisting of the several respective com-
binations of substances, constituted and made particularly as specified.
Dated this 25th day of November 1897.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.