IMPROVEMENTS IN DOWNCAST VENTILATORS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, ARNOLD WRIGHT KERSHAW of Lancaster in the County of Lancaster
Architect, and Ventilating and Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DOWNCAST VENTILATORS to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in downcast Ventilators more especially
for ships so arranged as to admit air freely whilst water is prevented from passing
down the shaft. At the head of the shaft are fixed vertical and angular deflectors
for catching and guiding the breezo down the shaft.
According to one arrangement there are three concentric tubes so fixed that any
air passing down the first or central shaft must rise again in the space between the
outside of the central shaft and the inside of the second shaft and descend again
between the outside of the second shaft and the inside of the third or outer shaft
from thenco being distributed to such point or points as may be desired. At the
bottom of the second shaft is a circular opening on which rests a ball of india
rubber or other material which will float in water so that water entering in even
moderate quantities will float the ball and so escape by a tube on deck or
elsewhere.
According to another modification of the downcast Ventilator instead of three
concentric shafts there may be one shaft circular or polygonal in section divided
into three compartments the first descending from head of Ventilator the second
ascending with water escape arrangements at bottom as before mentioned and cross
baffle plates to prevent splashing water passing upwards and the third descending
to such place or places as it is desired to supply with fresh air.
In either or both of the above modifications of the downcast Ventilator instead
of the india rubber or other ball there may be arranged a valve or door hung on a
pivot, the valve or door being divided unequally on either side of the pivot the
shorter side being weighted so as to keep the same closed except when counter-
balanced by the pressure of water &c which acting on the larger area and longer
arin of the door or valve (as a lever) immediately opens the same and liberates the
said water or pressure.
In the forms and arrangements of Ventilators herein described the various plates
or deflectors may be arranged vertically horizontally or otherwise to best suit the
position and circumstance of the case.
DA 1....
T
T004

page_text: I, ARNOLD WRIGHT KERSHAW, Architect, Ventilating and Sanitary Engineer of
Lancaster in the County Palatine of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of
my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DOWNCAST VENTILATORS and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to Improvements in Downcast Ventilators, more especially
for Ships, so arranged as to admit air freely, whilst water is prevented from passing
down the shaft-Fig. 1. shews a vertical section of one form of Downcast
Ventilator, and Fig. 2. a sketch View of the same.
At the head of the shaft are fixed vertical and angular deflectors .a. for catching
and guiding the breeze down the shaft-According to one arrangement there are
three concentric tubes, so fixed that an air passing down the first or central shaft.b.
must rise again in the space .c. between the outside of the central shaft and the
inside of the second shaft; and descend again in the space .d. between the outside
of the second shaft, and the inside of the third or outer shaft from thence being
.conducted and distributed to such point or points as may be desired. At the
bottom of the second shaft is a circular opening on which rests a ball f. of india-
rubber or other material which will float in water, so that water entering, in even
moderate quantities will float the ball f. and so escape by a tube .g. on dock or
elsewhere.
In either or both of the above modifications of downcast Ventilator, instead of
the india-rubber or other ball, there may be arranged a valve or door hung on a
pivot, the valve or door being divided unequally on either side of the pivot, the
shorter side being weighted so as to keep the same closed, except when counter-
balanced by the pressure of water &c, which acting on the larger area, and the
longer arm of the door or valve (as a lever) immediately opens the same and
liberates the said water or pressure.
In the forms of valves for water escape herein described I do not limit myself to
one valve for each Ventilator, but in large sizes I may more than one valve for
water escape in each Ventilator.
These Ventilators would be made of sheet metal or other suitable. material,
rivetted, soldered or otherwise fitted together-The tops may be conical, segmental,
flat, or domeshaped or any other form desired, and the lower portions may be
attached to any form of pipo or base.
The number of vertical or angular deflectors may be increased, or decreased, and
the proportions, and angles throughout may be modified to best suit the position,
and circumstance of the case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The arrangement & combination of parts herein described & shewn in Fig 1.
In witness whereof I the said Arnold Wright Kershaw have to this my
specification set my hand this Twenty third day of Ocotber, in the year
of our Lord one thousand Eight hundred and Eighty four.