Improvements in or relating to the Increasing of Friction or Grip between Moving Parts of Machinery, Applicable to the Wheels of Vehicles Running Upon Rails, Friction Pulleys, and Clutches or other similar Mechanism.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 31st Aug., 1888
Improvements in or relating to the Increasing of Friction or Grip
between Moving Parts of Machinery, Applicable to the Wheels of
Vehicles Running Upon Rails, Friction Pulleys, and Clutches or
other similar Mechanism.
I RICHARD BRADSHAW of Swinton in the County of Lancaster Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is designed chiefly to be applied to the wheels of railway locomotives
or vehicles to increase the friction or grip between the wheels and the rails, it may
also be applied to the wheels of tramway engines or cars to friction pulleys or
clutches, and to other similar mechanism such as railway and tramway rails brake
blocks etcetera.
It consists essentially in applying lead or other soft metal to the complementary
parts of the mechanism where friction or grip is desired so that they will present
continually or at intervals the one to the other a surface of lead or other soft metal
or metallic composition.
In carrying out the invention for wheels or pulleys the tires or rims will be formed
with holes grooves or slots filled with lead or other soft metal or metallic composition.
These holes or grooves may be placed in any convenient arrangement or position but
I prefer to place them diagonally across the face. For rails the grooves will preferably
run longitudinally so that when filled with the lead the face will present a continuous
Instead of a
surface of lead or other soft metal for the wheels to travel upon.
longitudinal groove however holes, slots, cross grooves or their equivalent may be
formed in the rail.
The grooves or holes may be made of suitable shape to retain the lead when
run in.
It will be obvious that the invention may be applied to moving parts of other
machinery where a grip or friction is required between two surfaces such as friction
pulleys of different sorts, friction discs, clutches and the like.
It will be found that a better grip will be obtained than where surfaces of hard
metal are used.
Dated this 16th day of December 1887.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester,
Patent Agents.

page_text: Sales Of Machinery, Applicable to the wheels of
Vehicles Running Upon Rails, Friction Pulleys, and Clutches or
other similar Mechanism.
I, RICHARD BRADSHAW, of Swinton, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention is designed chiefly to be applied to the wheels of railway locomotives
or vehicles to increase the friction or grip between the wheels and the rails, it
may also be applied to the wheels of tramway engines or cars, to friction pulleys
or clutches, and to other similar mechanism such as railway and tramway rails, brake
blocks, etcetera.
It consists essentially in applying lead or other soft metal or metallic composition
to the complementary parts of the mechanism where friction or grip is desired so that
they will present continually or at intervals the one to the other a surface of lead or
other soft metal or metallic composition.
The invention will be more fully understood by reference to the annexed drawings
in which, by way of example it is shown as applied to a railway locomotive driving
wheel, a wheel for common road vehicle, a friction disc, and a friction clutch.
1
Fig. 1. is a front elevation in section of the tyre of a locomotive driving wheel.
Fig. 2. side elevation in section of same.
Fig. 3. plan of same.
Fig. 4. front elevation in section of tyre of wheel for common road vehicle.
Fig. 5. side elevation in section of same.
Fig. 6. plan of same.
Fig. 7. front elevation of friction disc.
Fig. 8. elevation partly in section of friction clutch.
In carrying out the invention the lead or soft metal or metallic composition may
be applied in.any.convenient way such as by forming holes, grooves, slots, or the like
to receive it.
In Figs. 1. 2. 3. is shown the tyre A of a locomotive wheel formed with slots B
diagonally across the face of the periphery which are filled with lead C. As the
wheel revolves on its axle the lead surfaces alternately bear upon the rail.and increase
the grip between the rail and the wheel.
Instead of the slots as shown which in a steel 'tyre may be cast, cylindrical
holes, or slots may be drilled or cut through the tyre tapering to the inside, the
rim of the wheel upon which the tyre is mounted preventing the lead from being
displaced.

page_text: Instead of or in addition to the wheels being formed with the lead the rails may
also be so formed the lead being preferably filled into grooves running longitudinally
so that when filled with the lead the face will present a continuous surface of lead or
other soft metal for the wheels to travel upon. Instead of a longitudinal groove,
however, holes, slots, cross grooves, or their equivalent may be formed therein. Such
rails may be applied either to railways or tramways and in the case of the latter for
street use will have the additional advantage that horses stepping upon them will be
less liable to slip.
In Figs. 4. 5. 6. is shown the tyre A of a common road vehicle formed with a
channel or groove B filled with lead C. When in use a surface of lead is presented
to the road or track on which the vehicle travels, and deadens the sound when running
on stones and prevents the slipping of the wheels thereon which is the case with hard
metal tyres.
In Fig. 7. is shown a friction disc D formed with a series of slots or grooves B on
its face into which the lead is run.
In Fig. 8. is shown a friction clutch with the lead Crun into slots or grooves B.
It is not intended that the internal surface of one part and the external surface
of the other should be both fitted with lead but either may as found most
desirable.
In every instance the grooves, slots, or holes, etcetera, may be made of suitable shape
to retain the lead when run in.
It will be obvious that the invention may be applied to moving parts of other
machinery where a grip or friction between two surfaces is required such as friction
pulleys of different sorts, friction discs, clutches and the like, as it will be found that
a better grip will be obtained than where surfaces of hard metal are used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The use of lead or other soft metal or metallic composition applied to com-
plementary faces or surfaces of mechanism to increase the friction or grip between
them substantially as described.
2. A wheel for railway or tramway vehicles running upon rails or for common road
vehicles having lead or other soft metal or metallic composition applied to the tyre
for the purpose of giving a better grip to the running surface substantially as
described..
3. A railway or tramway rail formed with a surface of lead or other soft metal or
metallic composition continuous or at intervals with which the wheels of the vehicles
come in contact substantially as and for the purposes described.
4. A friction disc, friction clutch, and other similar mechanical contrivance having
lead or other soft metal or metallic composition inserted in the face or periphery for
the purpose of increasing the friction or grip between it and other surface or surfaces
substantially as described.
DL:
C
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T 1
1000