Improvements in and Pertaining to Pneumatic Tyres and the -Felloes thereof.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 1897-Accepted, 18th Dec., 1897
Improvements in and Pertaining to Pneumatic Tyres and the
-Felloes thereof.
I ARTHUR SYDNEY BOWLEY of Lyndon Werter Road Putney in the county of
Surrey Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide and so to construct and fit pneumatic
tyres and the felloes thereof that the tyres shall safely and securely be and remain
on the felloes when such tyres are duly inflated and when deflated can easily and
readily be removed off such felloes.
To carry out this object the tyre may be made as customary of india rubber or
the like on a backing of canvas or other similar material or in other ordinary
manner but it is so constructed and formed of such dimensions and in such style
and shape that when duly inflated it will assume in cross section the form of a
true arc and be semicircular or be a little more or less than a true semicircle.
The felloe for this tyre may be made as customary of metal or wood or other
suitable material and it can perhaps, preferably be so constructed and formed
that the outer surface thereof is plane and flat and not dished or centrally recessed
although when desired it may be somewhat dished or centrally recessed in cross
section. This felloe is made of such a breadth that when the tyre has assumed
the form of a true arc as aforesaid the edges of this tyre will be on the outer surface
of such felloe or near the same.
The edges of the tyre are so made and if necessary or desirable are so fitted
with wires or strips or ribands or the like of metal or other non-extensible material
that they shall always be of a proper length in respect of the circumference of
the felloe. When desired also lateral extensions or Haps may be added to these
edges which flaps can be so formed as to meet or nearly meet in the middle of the
outer surface of the felloe or thereabouts and even as to engage each other there
or thereabouts.
In every case also an internal tube for the reception of the air under pressure
may be used in conjunction with this tyre or the internal tube may be dispensed
with.
The tyre with or without the internal tube is placed in position on the felloo
and duly inflated and when it has properly assumed the form of a true arc it will
safely and securely remain in such position without developing any tendency
towards lateral or transverse expansion off the edges of the felloe while "creeping
will be prevented by the pressure of the internal tube or of the lateral flaps or
other parts of the tyre on the outer surface of the felloe.
39
It may sometimes be convenient to place over and round the lateral flaps of the
tyre a strip or band of metal or other material it may even be an endless band so
that the edges of these flaps would be securely held between this strip or band and
the outer surface of the felloe.
The edges of the tyre and of the felloe may be complementarily formed in very*
many different ways as may be convenient in each case. For example there may

page_text: be made an horizontal recess in the extreme edge of the felloe whereinto a corres-
ponding enlargement on the inner edge of the tyre could engage. Again a suitable
excrescence on the inner edge of the tyre could engage over the edge of the
felloe. Again an annular shoulder may be made all round the edge of the outer
surface of the felloe and the edge of the tyre could be in the recess formed by and
on the outside of this shoulder. And so on.
In all cases as is obvious the edges of the tyre ought to be of such a length as
to be capable of being very easily placed in their desired positions on the felloe as
according to my invention they are not required either to clasp or to be clasped
by the felloe or parts thereof in order to retain the pneumatic tyre on the wheel
but when desired the wires or other stiffening devices in the edges of the tyre may
be formed eccentrically or be fitted with eccentrics or other enlargements or devices
in such wise that when the tyre is inflated and the lateral edges or sides thereof
stand up off the felloe the edges of the tyre may be somewhat reduced in length or
diameter.
Dated this 4th day of TanA
1007
Improvements in and Pertaining to Pneumatic Tyres and the
Felloes thereof.
I, ARTHUR SYDNEY BOWLEY of "Lyndon" Werter Road Putney, in the county
of Surrey Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
The object of my invention is to provide and so to construct and fit pneumatic
tyres and the felloes thereof that the tyres shall safely and securely be and remain
on the felloes when such tyres are duly inflated and when deflated can easily and
readily be removed off such felloes.
To carry out this object the tyre may be made as customary of india rubber or
the like on a backing of canvas or other similar material or in other ordinary
manner but it is so constructed and formed of such dimensions and in such style
and shape that when duly inflated it will assume in cross section the form of a
true arc and be semicircular or be a little more or less than a true semicircle.
The felloes for this tyre may be made as customary of metal or wood or other
suitable material and it can perhaps preferably be so constructed and formed
that the outer surface thereof is plane and flat not dished or centrally recessed
although when desired it may be somewhat dished or centrally recessed in cross
section. This felloe is made of such a breadth that when the tyre has assumed
the form of a true arc as aforesaid the edges of this tyre will be on the outer surface
of such felloe or near the same.
In every case an internal tube for the reception of the air under pressure may be
used in conjunction with this tyre and the internal tube may be divided hori-
zontally and cemented or otherwise affixed to the cover while the divided sides are
allowed to overlap or interlock each other as do some of the so called and well
known tubeless pneumatic tyres.
The tyre is placed in position on the felloe and duly inflated and when it has
properly assumed the form of a true arc it will safely and securely remain in such

page_text: position without developing any tendency towards lateral or transverse expansion.
off the edge of the felloe while "creeping" will be prevented by the pressure of
the internal tube or of the lateral flaps or other parts of the tyre on the outer or
other surface of the rim or felloe.
The edges of the tyre and of the felloe may be complementarily formed in very
many different ways as may be convenient in each case. For example there may be
made an horizontal recess in the extreme edge of the felloe whereinto a corres
ponding enlargement on the inner edge of the tyre could engage. Again a
suitable excrescence on the inner edge of the tyre could engage over the edge of
the felloe. Again an annular shoulder may be made all round the edge of the
outer surface of the felloe and the edge of the tyre could be in the recess formed
by and on the outside of this shoulder. And so on.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
In all figures similar parts are marked by like letters of reference.
Fig No I is a cross sectional view of the tyre as fitted to a steel rim or felloe
with flat outer surface and edges e & f.
When inflated the inner tube a bears upon the flaps c and the canvas lining i of
the cover b being correctly proportioned in its relation to the rim or felloe surface
and edges E & F so as to be sufficient only in cross section to assume or nearly
assume the shape of a true are takes up its position as shewar while the under por-
tion of the tyre edges d having an outward tendency and the flaps. c. having an
outward tendency towards the rim or felloe both press hard against the same and
hold it firmly between them. The edges or flaps d & c are or may be fitted with or
strengthened by the metal or other band g being incorporated in and running all
round them horizontally as shewn, or crimped wire ribbon, hooks or other
stiffening of the same or suitable section may be used for the purpose in the same
or similar way.
Fig No 2 is a cross sectional view of the tyre as fitted to a steel rim or felloe
with an horizontal recess in the extreme edges of the same. When so desired
the member or edge of may be intermittant as in Fig. 3 and be secured to the lower
member h in any suitable way as indeed is sufficiently obvious. It also may be
made sufficiently thin or elastic to bear down upon the lower tyre edge d when the
tyre is inflated, or by being set down for that purpose towards the lower portion
of the rim or felloe h.
In both Fig 1 & Fig 2 the tyre edges may be made entirely of aluminium or
other suitable material, and may be riveted, sewn or otherwise attached to the
tyre in any suitable form to meet the requirements of the case, examples of which
are shewn in Figs 4, 5 & 6. In these latter three figures I shew part cross sections
of the tyre edges, made in aluminium, also complementary rim edges thereto.
The tyre cover would be riveted or sewn to these edges at or near the point where
the dotted line b representing the same meets or passes such edges or portions of
them as shewn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I
claim is:-
The tyre substantially and the general arrangements, constructions and com-
binations of the parts composing the same for cycles and other vehicles as herein
before described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of November 1897
ARTHUR SYDNEY BOWLEY.