matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO HARNESS AND ATTACHMENTS FOR CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dray at the mice or the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1883.
GEORGE BRAY of Deptford in the County of Kent IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
APPLICABLE TO HARNESS AND ATTACHMENTS FOR CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES
My Invention consists in improvements for retaining and releasing horses from
carriages or vehicles.
In carrying out my Invention, I proceed mainly as follows:-
The sway or whipple tree as now constructed, has generally attached a leather or
other brace, with shackle attached thereto. According to my Invention, I secure to
the tree, a V stay secured at each end of said tree, the centre of said tree being
embraced by a socket, to which is attached by bolt or otherwise, a ring also
attached to the V brace or stay in the bend of the centre.
Another part of my Invention consists of a spring clutch hook, attached to hold
the pole chains and clutch, on to the horse's collar.
Or instead of a spring, a tumbler may be employed to act in like manner.
To hold the sway bar, before described, I attach to the collar, a spring
attachment, which enables the same to be self-releasing, or in place of same, a
solid wire or steel spring, bent in the form to give spring action is employed.
To facilitate the action of the above arrangements with the collar of the horse,
I prefer to have the two hames of the collar, constructed in halves, the upper part
being furnished with a joint, controlled by a spiral or other spring, and held by
lever clutch.
The lower portion of the hames have slotted lugs.
To one hame is secured a drop clutch, to the other a stop.
When the collar is to be brought into action, it is lowered on to the horse or
animal's neck, the spring at the upper part closing the hames, which are secured by
the drop clutch, and held by the stop.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET AND VELVETEEN RIBBONS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hallworth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1883.
JOSEPH HALLWORTH of Manchester in the County of Lancaster.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET AND VELVETEEN RIBBONS
"
"IMPROVE-
This invention relates to the manufacture of velvet and velveteen ribbons the
object being to produce better and more durable selvages thereto.
Hitherto in the manufacture of velvet or velveteen ribbon it has been the
practise to make the ribbon by dividing the ordinary piece velvet into strips
the width of the ribbon required and artificial selvages are formed by stamping or
embossing the edges or by means of a suitable cement.
By my improved method of manufacture these selvages are woven in the piece
on either side of each velvet or velveteen strip so as to form a number of perfect
ribbons in one piece. Between each strip, that is between the two adjacent
selvages one or more warp ends or threads are omitted and part of the weft picks
are allowed to float on the face of the cloth at these points and the remainder are
thrown to the back. The face portion of the weft at these points is divided by
the cutter as he forms the pile of the ribbons, the omission of the warps above
named having formed convenient "races" for that purpose. The weft at the back
enables the length of ribbon to be dyed and finished in the ordinary way in the
piece, and may then be removed by any known means such as shaving over the
surface of the back.
The removal of this weft will evidently divide the piece into ribbons of velvet
or velveteen with selvages formed in the weaving process, which selvages are
much better and more durable than those bitherto produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUND OR LIQUID SOLUTION TO BE EMPLOYED IN SUBSTI- TUTION FOR WIRE DRAWERS "GROUNDS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Law, Ralph Wood, and Randal
Wood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1883.
HENRY LAW, Card Manufacturer RALPH WOOD Foreman Wire Drawer and
RANDAL WOOD Wire Drawer all of Cleckheaton in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUND OR LIQUID SOLUTION TO BE EMPLOYED IN SUBSTI-
TUTION FOR WIRE DRAWERS "GROUNDS,'
" "
This invention consists of an improved compound or liquor to be used in wire
drawing in lieu of the "grounds" hitherto used and which grounds are offensive in
the highest degree to the sense of smell and and are otherwise objectionable The
improved compound or liquor is free from offensive smell and is clear so that at all
times the wire therein can be inspected and due preparation made to maintain
supply.
The improved compound or liquor consists of the following ingredients and in
about the following proportions. To 15 gallons of water we add 40 ozs of caustic
soda (of strength 45 Twaddles test) one oz of tartaric acid to these sulphuric acid
is to be added until a strength of 4 degrees of N° 1 Twaddles Hydrometer or oil of
vitriol.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES AND DRIVING GEAR FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Brown at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1888.
ROBERT BROWN of the firm of Farmer, Robey Brown and Company Limited,
of Gainsborough in the county of Lincoln "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES AND
DRIVING GEAR FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES
"
For driving electric machines to work electric lights, it is often necessary to
make very considerable variations of speed, according as a greater or less number
of lights are worked from one machine."
My invention relates to an arrangement of engine and driving gear for this
purpose. I employ an engine of the portable kind, that is to say an engine mounted
on or under a tubular boiler, and I provide this engine with a powerful governor
having a lever for moving a throttle or regulating valve, or a link for expansion
gear. I make this lever with a weight that can be slid along it by means of a
screw, or with a spring which can have its tension varied, so that it can be adjusted
to suit variations of engine speed within moderate limits. On or under the boiler
of the portable engine, I mount in bearings two counter-shafts, the first of these
driven by a band from a pulley on the crank shaft of the engine, and the second
driven by either of two bands from either of two pullies of different sizes on the
first, these two bands driving two pullies of different sizes, on the second counter-
shaft. Both the latter pullies, or both of those on the first countershaft, are loose
on their shaft, but are provided with friction clutches so that either can be engaged
with the shaft, the other being left free. Also the friction clutches are connected
together, so that the act of engaging the one disengages the other. The second
countershaft has fixed on it a third pulley, which, by means of a band, drives a
pulley on the axis of the electrical machine.
When it is required to make only a moderate variation of the speed of the
electrical machine, this is done by sliding the governor weight along its lever, or
altering the tension of the spring, so as to counterbalance to a greater or less
extent the centrifugal force of the governor balls, and so to alter the speed of the
engine. When a greater change of speed of the electrical machine is required, the
clutches of the pullies are moved so as to engage the one or the other, and so alter
the speed of the machine without altering that of the engine. Or both the
governor and the clutching of the pullies can be altered so as to effect a very
considerable change of speed of the electric machine.
AN IMPROVED POTTERY KILN
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Broadhurst at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1883.
JAMES BROADHURST of the Portland Pottery Fenton in the County of Stafford
"AN IMPROVED POTTERY KILN
"
This invention has for its object an improved pottery kiln.
My improved pottery kiln is of rectangular form. The fire holes are on two
opposite sides of the kiln. They communicate with the chamber of the kiln by
ascending passages or "bags" against the side walls and also by passages beneath
the kiln floor. These latter passages lead the products of combustion to a
longitudinal central slit or opening in the floor by which they issue into the
chamber of the kiln.
There are outlets at the top of the kiln which however are closed as soon as the
fires are properly burning and then the products of combustion descend and escape
by apertures in the floor midway between the central slit and the side walls.
The products of combustion then enter longitudinal flues beneath the floor which
lead them away to a chimney or chimneys.
A COMBINED MUFF, POCKET, AND FOOTWARMER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th April 1883. A communication
to him from abroad by Philipp Norden, of Leipzig, in the kingdom of Saxony
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "A COMBINED MUFF,
POCKET, AND FOOTWARMER," a communication to me from abroad by Philipp
Norden, of Leipzig, in the kingdom of Saxony,
Ordinary muffs are made without pockets for holding a purse, cartes de visite
and other small articles, moreover they are constructed for warming the hands
only.
In order to avoid these defects I provide the muff with a pocket and with a foot-
sack, which latter has an extension which can be suitably fixed and may be wound
around the muff proper.
To diminish wear and tear, the said extension may be provided with a jacket or
coating, and the muff proper may resemble ordinary muffs as regards its shape and
appearance.
The pocket is preferably placed outside the muff proper, and so as not to render
its presence conspicious.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAWLING SHAFTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Faulkner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st August 1883.
JAMES FAULKNER of Gorleston Great Yarmouth in the County of Suffolk
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAWLING SHAFTS
"
This invention has reference to an improved construction of trawling shafts for
fishing and consists of a horizontal axle on which are fixed several metal discs at
suitable distances apart. For the purpose of strengthening the axle by trussing a
number of truss rods are fixed so as to pass over or through the metal discs.
Each end of the axle is provided with a loose travelling wheel so that the trawl
shaft may be readily drawn over the ground or bed of the sen for fishing purposes.
Near each end of the trussed axle close to the inner side of the loose travelling
wheels is fixed a metal frame to the top of which is fastened the hauling-in rope
and to the bottom of the same the fishing net.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR JOINING LEAD AND OTHER PIPES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry James Hampson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st August 1883.
HENRY JAMES HAMPSON, of the City of Manchester, Architect Student,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR JOINING LEAD AND OTHER PIPES,"
"
The object of my Invention is to enable lead and other metal pipes to be joined
or soldered together by means of apparatus of a simple character, in conjunction
with a lining pipe, and to form an improvement upon analogous apparatus used
for such purpose, and for which Letters Patent were granted to Samuel Bennett,
dated July 29th 1880, and numbered 3129.
To effect the same and to carry out my improvements, I prepare the ends of the
pipes to be joined in manner similar to that described in the above named Letters
Patent, and insert the special lining pipe therein named, but in lieu of the mould
or apparatus therein described, I adopt the following method:-I construct an
apparatus forming a mould and attachments in the form of a metal tube or pipe of
suitable length cut in two longitudinally, and of such size as will cause the two
halves thereof to clip or meet tightly round the pipes requiring to be joined.-In
each of these halves of tubing, an opening is made, and into one is fitted and made
capable of movement an inlet pipe, and into the other in like manner made capable
of movement an outlet pipe for the passage of the solder-The two halves, along
with the inlet and outlet pipes, are held in position during the making of a joint
by means of clips or a cramp of the ordinary or other suitable description.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH LOADING FIRE ARMS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Bentley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October 1883.
DAVID BENTLEY of Aston near Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Gun Maker " IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH LOADING FIRE ARMS"
My Invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in Breech
loading fire arms commonly called drop down guns of the description known as
hammerless or self cocking
The first part of my improvements is in the mode of cocking the Gun, I hinge
a small lever (which I will call A.) in the middle of the body underneath the
breech end of the barrels, this lever A. takes into the lump by which the barrels
are jointed to the body so that when the barrels are opened to load the Gun the
lever A. is raised-The spindle of this lever A. which moves with it is made in
two pieces and inserted one from each side of the Gun, meeting in the middle in
the lever A. each piece has a small crank (call them B) formed at its outer end and
working one under each lock plate moving up and down as lever A. moves. Near
the joint pin on which the barrels are hinged I hinge levers (which I call C) one
on each side working up and down underneath the lock plate and coming
rear wards over the Crank B. to the front of the hammers. As the barrels fall
they raise the lever A. and with it the Cranks B. which raise the levers C. so that
the ends of C. raises the hammers to full cock-The second part of my
improvements has for its purpose the making of Hammerless Guns easier to open
I arrange a stout spring or springs underneath the Barrels along the forend of the
Gun forcing a rod or rods against the body of the Gun just over the joint pin so
that as the barrels are closed the spring or springs are compressed-On opening
the Gun to load the spring or springs will give out force and so help the barrels as
they fall to raise the hammers to full cock-In some cases it may be preferable to
place the spring or springs in the body of the Gun making them to abut against
the barrels or against the forend instead of as above described
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Gent and Charles Newton
Spencer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November
1883.
ALFRED GENT and CHARLES NEWTON SPENCER both of New Radford in the
Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Machinists, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TRICYCLES"
This Invention has for its object the improved construction and arrangement of
parts of apparatus forming a tricycle whereby the power of the rider of the
machine is more advantageously applied and a greater rate of speed rendered
possible than with tricycles as ordinarily at present constructed.
In carrying out the Invention the improved machine is constructed with a large
driving wheel above which the saddle for the rider is placed, somewhat similar to a
bicycle and having a cross handle in front of it. The saddle is fixed upon a back-
bone piece, which however extends in front and encircles the driving wheel for
about half its circumference being connected back and front to a horizontal
elliptical piece surrounding the driving wheel. This horizontal piece is placed
slightly below the axle of the driving wheel so as to be free of the pedals, and is
connected to the vertical forked piece which carries the axle of the driving wbce!
and on the top of which is fitted the handle as in a bicycle. Near the middle of
this vertical forked piece there is connected one end of a strong spring which is
connected by its other end to the horizontal elliptical piece between the axle and
the front of the machine their being a spring on each side of the forked piece.
These springs are capable of regulation, and they are regulated so as to pull the
saddle forward to counterbalance the weight of the rider and counteract the
tendency of the rider's weight to cause the rider to fall backwards. Two smaller
wheels of about half the diameter of the large driving wheel are fitted in forked
pieces and are capable of turning slightly for steering purposes. These wheels and
forked pieces are cach connected to the framing of the machine herein before
described so as to be capable either of them independently of the other of rising
up or kicking as it were when they either of them come into contact with any
unusual obstruction, their return to a normal position after passing the obstruction
being ensured by springs of sufficient power which are capable of regulation. Thọ

page_text: sustaining of the rider's weight by springs ensuros great smoothness of motion in
the tricycle with increased comfort to the rider, and as the two hind wheels may
be placed very close to the driving wheel so close indeed as to bring the line of
their axles within the circumference of the circle of the driving wheel, the machino
is rendered capable of being turned within a very small space. Suitable arrange- &
ments for steering by means of both, or one, of the hind wheels being provided as
well as the necessary brake appliances.
MEANS OF PREVENTING THE TRANSMISSION OR RADIATION OF HEAT THROUGH THE ROOFS OF HOUSES AND OTHER STRUCTURES AND EXCLUDING RAIN.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Blakely at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1883.
"IMPROVED
WILLIAM BLAKELY of Bournemouth in the County of Hants,
MEANS OF PREVENTING THE TRANSMISSION OR RADIATION OF HEAT THROUGH THE
ROOFS OF HOUSES AND OTHER STRUCTURES AND EXCLUDING RAIN.'
"
My Invention has for its object to render the roofs of houses and other structures
nonconductive of heat, and of excluding rain, and it consists in an internal lining
for the roof constructed of matchboarding applied and secured to the underside of
the rafters, the intervening space comprised between the matchboarding, slates or
tiles and rafters, being filled with sawdust, fibrous or other loose material so applied
and retained by canvass, waterproof paper, sheet metal or other fabric or laminated
and pliable material as to be prevented from settling down and becoming more
densely packed or compressed towards the lower part or eaves of the roof and
leaving the upper portions vacant or unprotected from the transmission of heat or
rain. The mode in which this fabric or other flexible or laminated material is
applied also enables the nonconducting packing to be readily applied from the inside
of the roof after the slates are fixed.
The mode of application consists in fixing the lower edge of the fabric to the
rafters at the lower part of the roof, applying the first plank of matchboarding
horizontally beneath it, then filling in the space between the fabric and the slates
with the nonconducting material to a height equal to, say the width of the plank,
then fixing the next plank and packing the nonconducting material between the
fabric and the plank, and so on for each successive plank, the material being
alternately packed above and below the fabric so that the latter is caused to take a
corrugated path or pass diagonally to and fro between the slates and the match-
boarding, thereby dividing the nonconducting material and affording it the
necessary support to prevent it from settling down towards the bottom, the fabric
being finally fixed at its top edge. The planks of matchboarding would be of a
suitable length while the fabric would be of a width equal to the distances of the
rafters apart, and instead of the fabric separating pieces of wood or other material
may be used to divide the lining or packing into indepen lent portions.
To prevent the escape of the nonconducting material in case of shrinkage, the
planks would be scarf jointed together, the bevels of the joints ranning in such a
direction that the material will not fall out therethrough.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BLINDS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Barber and Benjamin
Barber at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th November
1883.
EDMUND BARBER and BENJAMIN BARBER of Tring in the County of Herts
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BLINDS".
This Invention relates to improvements in what are known as venetian blinds,
also applicable to other kinds of blinds and consists in so constructing it that when
partly raised the closed laths instead of being at the bottom of the blind, may be
adjusted so as to close at the top or to a position in any part of the height of the
same the whole of the remaining or lower portion being enclosed to admit light.
For this purpose we employ an additional lifting cord similar to the cord at
present in use passing through all the laths but instead of being arranged for
lifting up the blind from the bottom it passes down through just so many of the
laths as may be necessary to reach the lath at which the blind is to commence to
close up when raised. At such point two or more removable strips or pins of
wood or metal are inserted through the webbing or otherwise so as to come just
under the lath or point at which the closing up is to commence and are passed
through or attached to the end or ends of the additional cord which when pulled
will cause the blind to commence to close up from the lath or point under which
the strips or pins have been placed, thus by their adjustment any part of the blind
may be closed up and the lower portion left hanging loose. When it is required to
raise the blind from the bottom or to its full height this is done by pulling the
ordinary cord in the usual manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Elce and William Hammond at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1883.
«
JOHN ELCE of Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineer and WILLIAM
HAMMOND of Todmorden in the County of York Mechanic. IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES."
This invention relates to what is known as the "long collar" used in spinning
and doubling frames and the object is to improve the means of holding the shell
on to the bolster.
In performing our Invention the shell is formed with an outer flange at the
bottom as usual which rests in the cup of the bolster. we turn or form a sinall
groove or recess in the cup near the top.
To secure the shell on the bolster we employ a cut spring ring formed by
preference of a piece of steel wire, the ends of which do not inect; this ring is
dropped over the shell and pushed into the cup of the bolster when it immediately
expands and lies in the groove thus preventing the shell being lifted when doffing
and still allowing it perfect freedom to revolve.
In another method of performing our Invention we employ a metal washer
projecting over the flange of the shell and a flange on the outer part of the washer
rests on and projects over the cup of the bolster and is secured to it by a bayonet
joint, by a screw thread on the washer and cup, or in other convenient manner: A
most efficient and simple means for securing the shell to the bolster of spinning and
doubling frames is thus obtained.
It is obvious that by making washers of various diameters and forms, variable
drag is obtained to suit the different counts of yarn to be spun or doubled and this
is effected without changing the bolsters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN ROASTING MEAT OR THE LIKE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Walker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1883.
ROBERT WALKER of Buckingham Street Adelphi in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN ROASTING MEAT OR THE LIKE
""
My Invention has for its object to provide means (either combined with a
roasting jack or independent therefrom) by which the basting of the meat or the
like being roasted is effected automatically and the attention of the Cook for this
purpose is thereby rendered unnecessary. When the improvements are used with
a roasting jack I provide in the interior thereof a receptacle for the basting material
with an opening or openings and a lid or lids for the introduction of the said
basting material. At the lower part of this receptacle are passages for the escape
of the said busting material onto the meat or the like the said passages being
furnished with means for opening and closing the same. The said receptacle may
be independent of a jack if desired and in the case of a spit it may consist of a
long casing or trough extending over the whole length of the said spit. The
opening and closing of the passages for the escape of the basting material may be
effected in any convenient manner such for example as by means of a corre-
spondingly perforated sliding plate or by furnishing each opening with a short pipe
or nipple provided with a cock or tap. The heat of the fire will keep the basting
material in a liquid state and when the passages from the receptacle are opened
the said material will flow in regulated quantity on to the meat or the like beneath
and automatically effect the basting thereof. By opening the passages more or less
the quantity of material allowed to flow onto the meat or the like may be regulated
as required
The receptacle is preferably enamelled in its interior or may be made of tin or
earthenware or other suitable material and may be in one or more compartments
for one or several different basting materials and it may be made in separable
parts for convenience of cleaning. There may be a large tap or taps provided
by which any material left in the receptacle after the roasting is completed may
be removed
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN PIPES AND THE LIKE AND THEIR JUNCTIONS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Percy Boulnois and William
Hilder at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th June 1883.
HENRY PERCY BOULNOIS and WILLIAM HILDER both of Portsmouth in the
County of Hants, "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN PIPES AND THE LIKE AND THEIR
JUNCTIONS"
Our invention relates to a construction of pipes laid in the ground for sewering,
draining, irrigating, shielding electrical conductors or other like purposes, and of
the junctions of such pipes, whereby we provide for their even and stable laying
and for facility of joining and of access for inspection, cleansing or other purposes.
We make the pipes with a flat base piece on their undersides so that they lie on
an even bottom of the excavation, and the whole weight is thus taken off the
We make the end of one
socket, this base piece being made hollow if desired.
length of pipe with a partial spigot on its underside entering a partial socket on
the underside of the next length, and we slope the upper halves of the two pipe
ends backwards so that when the two lengths of pipe are laid together there is an
opening on the upper side, which after making good with cement or otherwise the
spigot and socket junction, we cover with a curved cap, making good its jointing
by cementing or otherwise externally. By thus making the spigot and socket only
on the under halves of the pipe lengths we are enabled to let the one length down
vertically to joint with the other without having to insert it endways. The caps
over the junctions can be readily removed so as to give free access to the interior
of the pipes at any of their junctions and to traps or siphons. The caps may form
connections for branch or ventilating pipes. In cases where the pipes have to be
enlarged at various parts of their lengths, we make the enlargement by tapering
one or more lengths upwards and sideways retaining their undersides even.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BATHS, WASHING TROUGHS, AND SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas James Saunders and Henry
William Allan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
13th March 1883.
THOMAS JAMES SAUNDERS, and HENRY WILLIAM ALLAN, both of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, "IMPROVEMENTS IN BATHS, WASHING TROUGHS, AND
SIMILAR VESSELS,"
This Invention, which relates to improvements in baths for domestic purposes,
and to washing troughs, water-closet troughs, and similar vessels, has special
reference to the construction of the overflow and discharge valves of such
vessels.
In constructing baths according to our Invention the discharge valve is formed
by a tubular or hollow plunger fitted with an annular valve seat at the lower end
which closes the discharge outlet from the bath. The hollow plunger is made of
a length nearly equal to the depth of the bath, and at about the usual overflow
level, an overflow orifice or grating is cut in the hollow plunger through which
the overflow water passes down the centre of the plunger and escapes by the
central part of the discharge outlet which is not covered by the annular discharge
valve. Or the hollow plunger is made in length about equal to the depth of the
bath at the usual overflow orifices, and the upper end of the plunger is left open,
so that when the bath is full, the overflow may take place through the upper end
of the plunger. To the upper end of the plunger is connected a rod and handle,
forming the ordinary " waste pull," and when the plunger is raised by lifting this
waste pull, the annular discharge valve is raised from its seat, and the waste water
allowed to escape through the discharge outlet.
A central spindle is fitted to the lower end of the hollow plunger, and fits into
a guide or eye in the discharge outlet, to prevent the plunger valve being moved
out its seat. Or other equivalent devices may be used for retaining the hollow
plunger in its place. A notch or other usual catch device is formed or fitted on
the rod of the waste pull to retain the discharge valve up while the waste water
is allowed to flow out through the discharge outlet. The discharge valve may
either be ground or be fitted with a facing of rubber, leather, or similar material.
The same arrangement of devices may be fitted in connection with the
discharge outlets of washing troughs, water closet troughs, and similar vessels
for holding or supplying water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAUGE-GLASS FITTINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1883. A communication
from Victor Agnés of Longuyon in the Republic of France
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the county of Middlesex
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAUGE-GLASS FITTINGS," [a communication from
Victor Agnés of Longuyon in the Republic of France]
The invention has for its object to provide a simple efficient and handy means
for fixing gauge glasses upon steam boilers or the like. In carrying this invention
into practice, a scale made say of enameled, metal may be fixed behind the gauge
glass and an indicator on the scale may serve to show the normal water level.
The gauge glass itself is of the ordinary kind but the sockets or fittings which
support it at top and bottom are of the following construction.
The said sockets may be adapted to be screwed into the boiler front, to be
bolted upon the same, or may be otherwised connected with the interior of the
boiler.
The bottom socket has a recess at the top into which a ring or washer of india-
rubber is placed, and the end of the glass bears upon the said washer. In the
horizontal part of the socket a valve is fitted the stem whereof passes out at the
front through a stuffing box, whilst the valve which may have four recesses in its
periphery controls the admission-aperture for the water. In the bottom of the
socket there is a waste cock,
The top socket is straight in the bore; in it moves a thimble which having a
projecting edge forms the seat for the india-rubber ring or washer which bears on
the top of the glass. Over the thimble fits a washer of metal and upon this
presses a screw which may be tightened or loosened by a spanner, thus increasing
or dimininishing the space between the rubber rings at top and bottom adapting
the gauge glass carrier to tubes of somewhat varying lengths and allowing a tight
joint to be readily made. In the thimble there are apertures which allow the
stem of a valve to pass and also serve as a connection between the glass tube and
the boiler space
.
-
The construction of this valve may be the same as that of the valve in the
bottom socket.
The thimble arrangement may be applied to ordinary gauge glass sockets if
desired
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS TO BE USED FOR COVERING UMBRELLAS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cunliffe Lister of Manningham Mills in the
County of York for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF FABRICS TO BE USED FOR COVERING UMBRELLAS
"
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1883.
SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER of Manningham Mills in the County of York
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS TO BE USED FOR COVERING
UMBRELLAS
"
At the present time coverings for umbrellas are made either from silk or from
cotton or alpaca or from mixtures of these fibres.
If made from either of the latter materials they are at all times thick and heavy.
If they are made from reeled or net silk they are expensive and if from low
quality spun silk waste they are too soft to the feel and wanting in substance.
Attempts have been made to employ as coverings for umbrellas a silk fabric
woven from Tasar silk-the fibre of this silk is much stronger and thicker than
ordinary silk fibre obtained from the mulberry silkworm and hitherto has been
comparatively low in value. It has however the disadvantage that it readily
absorbs moisture. When a fabric woven from such silk is used as a covering for
umbrellas and exposed to rain it absorbs moisture to such an extent as speedily to
become saturated and then not only becomes heavy and cumbersome but allows
water to drip through it. From this cause Tasar silk has not hitherto been
rendered practically useful for the purpose.
According to my invention I weave a fabric with the weft of Tasar silk and the
warp of net silk or of other fine strong warp and I render such fabric water

page_text: repellant by submitting it to a process which renders it waterproof without injury
to its appearance. This I effect by applying to the fabric a thin solution of
paraffin or such like product to which gums such for example as india rubber or
gutta percha may be added. Or the fabrics may be rendered water repellant by
submitting them in succession to solutions of soap and solutions of alum.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PULPING TURNIPS AND OTHER ROOTS AND VEGETABLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Playford Davison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December 1883.
CHARLES PLAYFORD DAVISON of Swinton, in the County of York, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PULPING TURNIPS AND OTHER ROOTS AND VEGETABLES
"
My Invention relates to improvements in machines for pulping turnips and other
roots and vegetables principally used as food for cattle, and refers more particularly
to the cutter or cutters used in such machines, and it consists in forming the actual
cutting parts out of and constituting a portion of the disc, or the barrel. Usually
such cutters are made separately and are screwed or bolted to the disc or barrel,
and are therefore liable to become loose in time; my invention entirely prevents
this, and by dispensing with the large number of fastenings, reduces the cost. The
peculiar construction of the cutting parts of my improved disc or barrel, enables the
work to be accomplished with greater ease, and the result is of a more satisfactory
nature.
In carrying out my invention in the construction of a disc pulper, for example,
I prepare a circular sheet or disc of a special quality of steel combining toughness
and hardness, and by means of suitable tools I cut through the steel, and force the
material on one side of the cut, to bulge out, somewhat resembling the half of a
ladies thimble, the cutting edge being arched.
I arrange these projecting cutters so as to act upon the roots with the best result,
and so that they eject the cut material from the opposite side of the plate with
facility, and in an especially agreable form for cattle.
The steel disc thus prepared is screwed to a suitable backplate, and is then
attached to the axle of the Machine, the projecting cutters facing the hopper.
If preferred the cutters may be formed upon a number of plates, (such as sections
of a circle,) instead of upon a single plate.
My invention may be applied to barrel shaped pulpers by forming the cutters on
a suitable plate and afterwards bending it round to shape.
A COMBINED ROLLER AND WRAPPER FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF DRAWINGS, UNMOUNTED PHOTOGRAPHS, MUSIC AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ellen Elizabeth Merrick at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1883.
ELLEN ELIZABETH MERRICK, of Clifton, in the County of Gloucester.
"A COMBINED ROLLER AND WRAPPER FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF DRAWINGS,
UNMOUNTED PHOTOGRAPHS, MUSIC AND OTHER ARTICLES."
This invention consists in combining with a roller or cylinder, preferably hollow,
a leaf or wrapper attached at one end to the said roller or cylinder. The end of
the leaf or wrapper opposite to the roller or cylinder is made adhesive. A drawing,
an unmounted photograph, a piece of music or other article is placed upon the leaf
or wrapper and is readily rolled, covered and secured for transmission by post or
otherwise, and the risk of damage by crushing or creasing is reduced. The outer
end of the leaf or wrapper may be of dentated or other form to obviate injury to
the article enclosed when the wrapper is being opened.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THEODOLITES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur L'Estrange Hamilton Holmes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1883.
ARTHUR L'ESTRANGE HAMILTON HOLMES, Major in Her Majesty's Bengal Staff
Corps, of the Bengal Presidency, India "IMPROVEMENTS IN THEODOLITES
31
This invention relates to improvements in theodolites, the object of the
improvements being to render the graduation of the instrument independent of
its circumference whereby the size and weight of the instrument can be greatly
reduced so as to render it more convenient and portable and less expensive than
hitherto.
I carrying out my invention I employ a suitable stand on which can revolve a
vertically placed metal drum or cylinder carrying a telescope.
I divide the periphery of the drum or cylinder by vertical lines into a number
of equal sub multiples of 360, say for example 24, each division thus representing
15°, and two horizontal lines at a suitable distance apart are drawn round the
cylinder cutting the said vertical lines whereby twenty four parallelograms are
formed; a diagonal line is drawn from right to left across each of the said
parallelograms. The said vertical lines are numbered from 0 to 360. I provide a
vertical vernier scale adapted to the periphery of the drum and provided with
suitable clamps to fix it so as to move with the drum or to allow the drum to
be rotated separately. The vernier of the scale is provided with an offset point.
The instrument being of small dimensions may be suspended on gimbals for
facility of levelling and is provided with the usual accessories of an ordinary
theodolite.
-
The method of reading angles by my improved instrument is as follows:-
Suppose the vernier scale to be clamped at zero to the drum and the telescope
be sighted on an object; the scale is clamped to the instrument and the druin
unclamped; the telescope pointed to another object and the drum again clamped;
the vernier is now moved down vertically until its offset point coincides with a
diagonal line; then, to find the angle described by the telescope, between the two
objects, it is merely necessary to add to the number of degrees passed over by the
scale, the number of degrees and minutes indicated on the scale by the vernier.
It will be obvious that the improvements are equally applicable to measuring
vertical angles, in which case the drum would turn on a horizontal axis.
APPARATUS TO PRODUCE INFLAMMABLE GAS, FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING PURPOSES ALSO TO DRIVE GAS ENGINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eugéne Duchamps at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1883.
EUGENE DUCHAMPS Engineer, of 14, Croxted Lane, West Dulwich, near London
"APPARATUS TO PRODUCE INFLAMMABLE GAS, FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING PURPOSES
ALSO TO DRIVE GAS ENGINES
"
My invention consists in the use of a self acting and regulating distributor for
allowing the admission of a quantity of gazoline in proportion to a given quantity
of air, and in the use of chicanes in order to increase the evaporating surface, so as
to ensure the complete evaporation of the liquid whatever be the temperature
of the air.
The apparatus consists of an ordinary aspirator actuated by weights as shown in
the accompanying drawings of which Fig 1 is an elevation, Fig 2 a plan and Fig 3
a section of the regulating tube F to an enlarged scale. B is a regulating gas
meter, Cevaporating chamber, D self regulating distributing arrangement composed
of a slide cock worked by a rack from the aspirator spindle and F regulating tube.
The action is as follows:-In the evaporating chamber C a series of iron sheets
are fitted, covered with cotton, blotting paper, or other suitable material, these
chicanes are so arranged that the whole of the surface is traversed by the air coming
from the aspirator. The distributor slide D, allows gazoline to pass alternatively
from a tank through the tube G into the tube F and from that tube into the room
or chamber C through the small tube. The air enters the aspirator which forces it
into the bell and from thence into the bottom of the chamber C through the tube
L from whence after being impregnated with carbure, it flows through the tube R
into the distributing pipes.
A NEW OR IMPROVED FIRE-ESCAPE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Messerli at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1883.
ALFRED MESSERLI, of Zürich, Switzerland, "A NEW OR IMPROVED FIRE-ESCAPE,"
My invention relates to fire escapes and comprises chiefly a flexible ladder wound
upon a drum, which is enclosed in a casing and secured to the floor or wall beneath
the 'window inside a room. In case of fire, the casing is uncovered and the
flexible ladder, by unrolling it, is passed outside the open window. The ladder
may be held fast on the druin by an iron ring. The cover of the casing or any
other convenient part of the apparatus may be connected with an electric alarm, so
that in hotels or other public buildings the intended use of the ladder is
immediately signalized at the office or other suitable place.
The upper end of the flexible ladder (when in use) is preferably attached to two
chains passing over the window-sill and fixed with the opposite ends to a ring
secured to the said drum, which may be placed perpendicularly to the wall, and
provided with a crank like a windlass.
To the window-sill are secured bent iron bars placed between the two chains and
serving as handles for the person using the ladder.
One of the lower ends of the two ropes which form the posts of the ladder is
provided with a springhook, and the other with a loop.
In order to form an electric alarm the wires of an electric circuit may lead to a
metallic pin or stop, and a metallic hook secured to the front of the casing near
the top, and serving to hold the cover, so that for removing the cover and using
the fire-escape it is necessary to move the said hook until it comes in contact with
the stop pin which completes the circuit of an alarm bell.
IMPROVED MEANS OF SECURING BAGS, POUCHES OR WRAPPERS TO BE USED FOR POSTAL AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Hawker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1883.
EDWIN HAWKER of Lee in the County of Kent, Lozenge Manufacturer
"IMPROVED MEANS OF SECURING BAGS, POUCHES OR WRAPPERS TO BE USED FOR
POSTAL AND OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improved means of securing bags, pouches or wrappers
used for the parcel post or for other purposes and it has for its object to provide a
bag, pouch or wrapper with a device fulfilling the twofold purpose of securing the
bag, pouch or wrapper and of receiving the address of the consignee and the postal
stamps. My Invention affords a cheap and efficient means of readily packing or
wrapping goods without the inconvenience and insecurity of a parcel fastened by
string the tally or label bearing the address and postal stamps itself constituting
the sole fastener and being necessarily destroyed before the contents of the package
can be abstracted.
My Invention consists of a bag pouch or wrapper of any convenient shape or
dimensions according to the nature of the goods to be enclosed therein, provided
with a closing cord or cords or tapes fastened at one side of the bag or pouch and
threaded through eyeletted holes near its mouth or overlapping flaps or edges and
so arranged as to be adapted to close and retain the same upon being drawn, the
said cord or tape terminating in a ring or disc by which it may be pulled and
combined with an address label or tally which is to be applied to the ring or other
terminal of the cord or tape in such away as to prevent it running back after being
drawn tight. This label or tally which may be of any material suited for writing
and printing upon is provided with a gummed surface and is adapted to be doubled
and gummed together upon itself with the ring or other terminal wholly enclosed
between the two thicknesses in such manner that the label or tally cannot be
detached without being destroyed. This label or tally thus constitutes a means of
securing the fastening cord or tape and is also intended to bear the names and
addresses of the consignor and consignee. It also affords a convenient surface for
receiving the adhesive postage labels and the impressions of the postal, cancelling
and dating stamps and may also be used in the case of light parcels as a convenient
means of carrying or handling them or as a means of stringing or suspending
them upon a strap when many are to be carried.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CLASP FOR ALBUMS AND OTHER BOOKS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lorentz Albert Groth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd April 1883. Communicated to him
from abroad by Albert Pflüger, of Berlin in the Empire of Germany
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, K.G.V. Civil Engineer and Managing Director of the
Universal Inventors and Patentees Financial Company Limited 30 Finsbury
Pavement London E.C. "A NEW OR IMPROVED CLASP FOR ALBUMS AND OTHER
BOOKS A communication to me from abroad by Albert Pflüger, of Berlin in the
Empire of Germany.
"
The said invention consists in an improved method of fixing the clasps to Albums
and other books.
Hitherto the clasps have been attached to the covers by means of hinges soldered
or brazed and fixed outside of the cover, and as the soldering or brazing extends
only over a comparative small portion of the material an insufficient amount of
strength & durability is therefore the result, besides which the soldering or brazing
process is usually tedious & slow, requiring great care The evils above stated are
obviated by means of my improved method of arranging and fixing the clasp which
is as follows-viz
The inner side of the mounting of the cover is used as a bed in which the pin of
the clasp is placed. One two or more incisions are then made in the mounting into
which a corresponding number of flaps or loops of the clasp are inserted and
encircling the said pin forms the required hinge
The fastening plate then being attached to the cover forms in conjunction there-
with a perfect secure and safe position for the hinging rod, thereby producing a very
durable clasp, well and securely jointed.