IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING ON THE WARP FOR THE SAME
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clapham, of Leeds, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING
ON THE WARP FOR THE SAME."
Sealed the 30th July 1878, and dated the 17th May 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clapham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May 1878.
JOHN CLAPHAM, of Leeds, in the County of York.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS,
AND IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING ON THE WARP FOR THE SAME,”
Firstly. My improvements have reference to that part of the loom known as the
"beam," on which are wound the warp threads or yarn for supplying the loom
during the weaving operation.
Hitherto the "beam" has been of a drum form, and made in one, its full length
within the framework of the loom, and all the threads or yarns have been wound
on it. The winding-on operation requires very experienced hands, and generally
men, to perform it owing to the weight of the beam.
According to my Invention the continuous "beam" (all in one) is dispensed with.
and on a shaft or shafts which is or are carried in suitable bearings on the loom I
mount any required number of flanged bosses or bobbins. These are made of
any required width for the purpose of receiving a number of threads or yarns;
these bosses or bobbins may be placed close together or at any convenient distance
apart.
I, by preference, though not necessarily so, make the shaft or shafts square, and
in order to be able to take off or put on the bobbins or bosses, I, in some cases,
have two separate shafts, which are hinged in their bearings in the ordinary friction
or tension pulleys, and meet when in position at the centre, and are supported there
in one bearing. In order to preserve the simultaneous movement of both shafts I
lip or otherwise secure the ends that meet in the centre together; these shafts may
be released at the centre, and lifted to any required angle, so that they may be clear

page_text: of each other for the purpose of putting on or taking off the full or empty bobbins
or bosses; this operation may be performed by the attendant direct or by a worm,
worm wheel and cam, or other equivalent means which would render the raising of
the shafts so easy to achieve that a girl may perform the operation.
Secondly. For the purpose of filling the bobbins or bosses, these having been
previously stripped off the "beam" shafts as described, and mounted on a frame or
standard carrying a revolving friction drum or pulley, which, being brought in
contact with the bobbin or boss, transmits the required rotary motion thereto, and
on the required number of threads or yarns being attached thereto they are wound
on to it, and when full it is taken off and placed again on the loom with the other
bobbins or bosses which have been filled in the same manner. This winding-on
machine may be applied to my Invention entitled "Improvements in Machinery
Employed in the Manufacture of Yarns for Weaving and other Purposes," and
for which Provisional Protection was applied for, 15th May 1878, No. 1942, or to
any other machine or apparatus from which thread or yarn may be taken for the
purposes described.
After the raised shafts have been filled again, or a sufficient quantity of filled
bobbins or bosses placed thereon, they may be lowered to their horizontal position
again ready for use.
Instead of the hinged shafts for carrying the "beam," bosses, or bobbins, when
preferred, one end of the shaft may be made loose, so that it can be drawn out by
the attendant, leaving a sufficient gap between the framework and the remaining
portion of the shaft to allow the bobbins or bosses to be drawn off.
For the weaving of some kinds of material great tightness is required for the
winding of the warp than can be attained by causing the bobbin or boss to
rotate by means of the herein-before mentioned friction wheel; when such is the
case, I transmit rotary motion to the aforesaid bobbin or boss through a strap or
belt.
To the winding-on apparatus I attach an ordinary measuring apparatus in
order that the same quantity of warp may be wound on each bobbin or boss.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Clapham in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th November
1878.
JOHN CLAPHAM, of Leeds, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS,
AND IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING ON THE WARP FOR THE SAME."
Firstly. My improvements have reference to that part of the loom known as the
beam," on which are wound the warp threads or yarn for supplying the loom
during the weaving operation.
Hitherto the "beam" has been of a drum form, and made in one, its full length,
within the framework of the loom, and all the threads or yarns have been wound
on it. The winding-on operation requires very experienced hands, and generally
men, to perform it owing to the weight of the beam.
According to my Invention the continuous "beam" (all in one) is dispensed
with, and on a shaft or shafts which is or are carried in suitable bearings on the
loom I mount any required number of flanged bosses or bobbins; these are made of
any required width for the purpose of receiving a number of threads or yarns; these
bosses or bobbins may be placed close together or at any convenient distance
apart.
I, by preference, though not necessarily, so make the shaft or shafts square, and
in order to be able to take off or put on the bobbins or bosses. I, in some cases,
have two separate shafts, which are hinged in their bearings in the ordinary friction
or tension pulleys, and meet when in position at the centre, and are supported thoro
in one bearing. In order to preserve the simultaneous movement of both shafts I
lip or otherwise secure the ends that meet in the centre together; these shafts may
be released at the centre, and lifted to any required angle, so that they may be clear
of each other for the purpose of putting on or taking off the full or empty bobbins or
bosses; this operatiou may be performed by the attendant directly or by a worm,
worm wheel and cam, or other equivalent means which would render the raising of
the shafts so easy to achieve that a girl may perform the operation.
Secondly. For the purpose of filling the bobbins or bosses, these having been
previously stripped off the "beam" shafts, as described, and mounted on a frame or
standard carrying a revolving friction drum or pulley, which, being brought in
contact with the bobbin or boss transmits the required rotary motion thereto, and
on the required number of threads or yarns being attached thereto they are wound
on to it, and when full it is taken off and placed again on the loom with the other
bobbins or bosses which have been filled in the same manner. This winding-ou
machine may be applied to my Invention entitled "Improvements in Machinery
Employed in the Manufacture of Yarns for Weaving and other Purposes," and for
which Provisional Protection was applied for, 15th May 1878, No. 1942, or to any
other machine or apparatus from which thread or yarn may be taken for tho
purposes described.
After the raised shafts have been filled again, or a sufficient quantity of filled
bobbins or bosses placed thereon, they may be lowered to their horizontal position
ready for use.
Instead of the hinged shafts for carrying the "beam," bosses, or bobbins, when
preferred, one end of the shaft may be made loose, so that it can be drawn out by
the attendant, leaving a sufficient gap between the framework and the remaining
portion of the shaft to allow the bobbins or bosses to be drawn off.
For the weaving of some kinds of material great tightness is required for the
winding of the warp than can be attained by causing the bobbin or boss to rotate
by means of the herein-before mentioned friction wheel; when such is the case I
transmit rotary motion to the aforesaid bobbin or boss through a strap or belt.
•

page_text: To the winding on apparatus I attach an ordinary measuring apparatus, in order
that the same quantity of warp may be wound on each bobbin or boss.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood reference
is given to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and marks
thereon.
Figure 1 represents a transverse section; Figure 2, a side elevation of the first
part of my Invention; Figure 3 a front elevation; Figure 4, a side elevation; and
Figure 5, a plan showing the second part of my Invention.
Firstly. a shews part of the framework of the loom, on which is mounted the
shafts b and b¹; I mount thercon any number of flanged bosses or bobbins c of any
required width; these are for the purpose of receiving a number of threads or yarns,
and when in position are either placed close together as shewn or at any convenient
distance apart.
I, by preference, though not necessarily so, make the shafts b and b¹ square, and
in order to be able to take off or put on the bobbins or bosses I arrange the shafts
b and b¹ so that they can be drawn apart at d; this is effected by means of the
worms e and e², which are in gear with the groovs f and f¹ at the ends of the
shafts band b'. By imparting a rotary motion to the worms e and e¹ the shafts
band b' may either be drawn apart from each other, or closed together, as shewn
at d. When closed together, as shewn at d, they are supported in the centre of the
machine by the standard g, and when separated they are supported by the adjustable
standards h and h. The shafts in all cases are made round at their ends and at
the meeting point & so as to allow them to rotate in their bearings.
It will be obvious to all practical persons that for more conveniently putting on
or taking off the bobbins or bosses that, instead of the two shafts band b, they may
be divided, or consist of more than two shafts arranged in a similar manner.
In some cases the two shafts may be hinged at 2 and 3, and meet in the centre
in the manner described; when arranged in this manner the shafts are lifted
upwards in a radial direction to any required angle, so that they may be clear of
each other in the position shewn in dotted lines for the purpose of putting on or
taking off the full or empty bobbins or bosses; this operation may be performed by
the attendant direct or by worms and worm wheels operating upon the shafts through
cams or other equivalents, rendering thereby the operation so easy that a girl may
perform the operation.
Although I have described the shafts 6 and 6¹ as hinged at h and h¹, yet I profer
generally to use the arrangement shewn on Drawings.
Secondly. I will now proceed to describe the winding-on machinery for filling
the flanged bosses or bobbins.
Between suitable framework i is mounted a pulley j, which is caused to rotate
by means of gearing k, motion being transmitted thereto from the shaft / and l¹.
I place between the framework i a flanged boss or bobbin m, which I mount on a
shaft n in the slots o, on to which the yarn or thread is coiled. The necessary
rotary motion is imparted thereto from the pulley j, being transmitted through the
belt or strap p, and as the flanged boss or bobbin m fills with the threads or yarn
the strap or belt 2 adjusts itself to the varying diameter, as shewn at q, and also
regulates the tightness, such adjustment being effected by means of the sliding
pulley and hanging weight 8, or their equivalent. The required friction that is
necessary to impart the rotary motion to the flanged boss or bobbin [m is produced
by means of the weighted lever t or its equivalent.
The threads may be taken on to the flanged boss or bobbin m from tho hollow
spindles e¹ (shewn on the Drawings, and described in the Specification of the Letters
Patent granted to me on 15th May 1878, and numbered 1942) in the manner
represented at u, and are conducted thereon by guide rollers or pins v.
It will be obvious that any number of flanged bosses or bobbins m may be
arranged between framework of a similar nature to that described for receiving
yarn for weaving purposes, substantially as herein set forth.
After the flanged boss or bobbin m has been filled with yarn it may be removed

page_text: from the position shewn between the framework i, and placed on the shafts b and b¹,
Figures 1 and 2, as shewn at c, and operated as herein-before described.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and shewn by Drawings
how the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood that I do
not limit myself to the exact limits, details, or configuration of the parts I have
expressed and shewn, as the same may, of course, be varied or modified without
departing from the nature or principle of my Invention, but what I claim, and
desire to be secured to me by Letters Patent is,-
First. The arrangement, construction, and application of two or more horizontal
shafts for the purpose of carrying the flanged bosses or bobbins arranged and applied
to a loom, and the means employed whereby such bosses or bobbins may be readily
put on or take off the shafts, and mere modifications of the same, all substantially
as and for purposes herein set forth.
Second. The arrangement of belt p for transmitting a rotary motion to the
flanged bobbins or bosses for the purpose of winding thercon threads or yarns to any
required degree of tightness, in combination with the various parts for adjusting and
imparting the motion to the saine with mere modifications, substantially as herein
set forth,
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clapham, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JOHN CLAPHAM. (L.S.)