Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks and analogous Articles from Lime and Sand and in Means and Appliances for Effecting the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1899 - Accepted, 13th May, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks and analogous Articles
from Lime and Sand and in Means and Appliances for Effecting
the same.
We, LADISLAS GALECKI, Engineer, Joux LOPATIN, Merchant, and PAUL
LOPATIN, Merchant, of 12, Rymarska, Warsaw, do hereby declare the nature of
our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement;
Our invention relates to a process for manufacturing bricks and analogous
articles from lime and sand and in appliances for effecting the same.
According to our invention we mix 100 parts of fine or course grained sand
with 5 to 10 parts of fresh slaked lime which is transformed into milk of lime.
During the slaking of the lime asphalt tar is added to the hot milk of lime, in
Furthermore
order to transform the lime into a lime-soap insoluble in water.
carbonate of soda is added in order to obtain carbonate of lime. The proportions
for this mixing is as follows: To about 130 litres of milk of lime is added about
After these in-
4 litres of asphalte tar and 1½ pounds of carbonate of soda:
gredients have been well slaked and mixed, the mixture is conveyed to the sand
in the above mentioned proportions, and transformed into a homogeneous mass
by means of a stirring mechanism or other analogous arrangements.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar
letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation and Fig. 2 a plan, diagrammatically illustrating
our invention.
The mass is put into moulds and subjected to a pressure of from 230 to 255
kilogramms per square centimetre.
In the bricks formed in the above manner the process of carbonising has been
partly effected. In order to continue the process the bricks are laid upon a small
carriage or truck A (Fig. 1) suitably mounted to run upon rails as shown, and
conveyed into an oven A having a temperature of about 20° Centigrade. In
this oven a mechanical binding of the lime with the sand takes place, and also
a chemical change into bi-silicate of soda and lime and carbonate of lime. Simul-
taneously the bricks are dried. After having remained in the oven A¹ for an
hour, the bricks are conveyed on their truck to a vessel K in order to finish the
process of carbonising into which vessel carbonic acid gas is conveyed by a
tube S, superheated steam at a pressure of about 6 kilogramms per square centi-
metre being carried into the same vessel K by the pipe L. In this vessel K the
final carbonising and changing of the lime into carbonate of lime is effected.
After the bricks have been acted upon in the chamber K for some hours by the
carbonic acid and the pressure of the steam, they are conveyed to the oven B,
which is kept at a temperature of about 100 degrees Centigrade. In this oven
the final drying of the bricks and complete changing into bi-silicate of soda and
lime is carried out.

page_text: After remaining in the oven B from one to two hours, the bricks become as
hard as stone impervious to water, unaffected by contact with the atmosphere,
not absorbing any moisture, and capable of supporting a very heavy pressure
without crushing. The bricks are also ready for immediate use for building pur-
poses, or they may be stored for a lengthened period without deterioration.
In the drawings the three ovens or chambers are shown conveniently close
together, but they may be otherwise, arranged, if preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
we claim is: :-
1. The improved process for manufacturing bricks from lime and sand, con-
sisting in adding sand to a mixture of fresh slaked lime, carbonate of soda, and
asphalt tar, worked into a homogeneous mass, which is then moulded into bricks
under a high pressure (230 to 255 kilogramms per square centimetre), then heated
in ovens and treated with carbonic acid under high steam pressure, of about 6
kilogramms per square centimetre, for producing bi-silicate of lime, lime and
carbonate of lime in the bricks, substantially as described,
2. In the manufacture of bricks as aforesaid, the application and use of three
ovens communicating with each other by means of tramways, in the first of
which the bricks are dried by a relatively low heat; preparatory to treatment in
the second oven with carbonic acid under pressure, and finally completing the
carbonising process and producing bi-silicate of soda by drying in the third oven
at a temperature of 100 degrees Cent., substantially as described.
Dated 5th April 1899
GEORGE DOWNING & SONS,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.