Astrachan Yarn.
Year: 1886

page_text: Astrachan Yarn.
:
We JAMES HOWGATE & SONS Limited, of Ravensthorpe Mills, Ravensthorpe,
in the County of York, Cloth Manufacturers, and FREDERICK SMITH, of Howgate
Buildings, Ravensthorpe aforesaid, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for producing curly
yarn, and has for its object to twist a number of threads together by spindles,
that yarn known in the trade as "Astrachan" may be produced with the curls
more uniform in size and pitch or distance apart, at a much less cost, and a great
economy effected in the space occupied for the twisting of the threads together.
We accomplish the above object in the following manner: The yarn to be
twisted is placed upon creels, and the requisite number of threads combined
together and conducted to the respective rollers which are grooved somewhat after
the form of spur wheel teeth, the top and bottom rollers gearing together and the
combined threads of yarn passing between them. The spindles are made much
stronger than ordinary spindles for doubling frames. The bobbins on the spindles
we form of metal, and coat the top surface of the lifter plate with leather at the
parts where the bobbins revolve, in order to obtain the necessary friction for
giving to the yarn the extra amount of twist required to form the crimping: the
teeth of the rollers holding the twist and preventing it going beyond the said
rollers.
When the yarn is twisted in the manner described, it is removed from the
bobbins, then boiled and treated in the same manner for setting the curls as when
the threads are twisted together in the ordinary manner.

page_text: Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Producing
Astrachan Yarn.
We, JAMES HOWGATE AND SONS Limited, of Ravensthorpe Mills, Ravensthorpe,
in the County of York, Cloth Manufacturers, and FREDERICK SMITH, of Howgate
Buildings Ravensthorpe, aforesaid Overlooker do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for producing curly
yarn, and has for its object, the twisting together of a number of threads by
spindles so that yarn known to the trade as "Astrachan" may be produced with
curls more uniform in size and pitch, or distance apart, at a much less cost, and
economy in the space occupied for the twisting of the threads together; and
consists in combining and conducting a number of threads through rollers, each
pair having deep grooves cut therein, and twisting the threads by rotating spindles
on to metal or weighted bobbins, revolving on a lifter plate coated with leather
for obtaining the extra amount of twist to form the crimping; which is confined
between the bobbins and rollers by the teeth or grooves, and is "set" by boiling
after its removal from the bobbins.
In order that the invention may be better understood, we will describe the same
by making reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents an
end elevation of the frame for twisting the yarn, Fig. 2 a front view shewing each
end of the frame, Fig. 3 a detail end view of the rollers, and Fig. 4 a detail of the
support or bearing for the top rollers.
The yarn to be twisted is placed upon creels A, and the necessary number of
threads B combined and conducted to the respective rollers C and C¹ which are
operated by the gearing D, and grooved somewhat after the manner of wheel
spur
teeth; the top and bottom rollers gearing together and kept in contact by the
flexible cushion E placed between the top bush and cap F.
The spindles G and flyers thereon are stronger than those of the ordinary
doubling frames, but are driven in a similar manner, and the bobbins II are by
preference made of metal, or they may be of other material and weighted, but in
any case they rest upon the lifter plate J which is coated with leather or other soft
material upon which the bobbins revolve; thus by the combined weight of the
bobbin, and the leather or soft material, the necessary friction, or "drag" propor-
tionate to the extra amount of twist required to produce the crimping or curling is
obtained, which is confined between the bobbins and rollers by the grooving of the
latter, which hold the curled threads K firm, and prevent the twist going behind
the said rollers to the creels.
After the yarn is twisted in the manner described, it is removed from the
bobbins and made into balls in the usual manner; then boiled and treated for the
"setting" of the curls or crimps in the same way as when the threads are twisted
together in the ordinary manner.
"

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
The twisting of a number of threads together by revolving spindles with which
are combined grooved rollers, the whole operating as and constructed substantially
in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.