Improved Apparatus or Means for Raising and Lowering Sliding Windows or Sashes (or Shutters) in Railway Carriage, Cab, or other Doors, or Sliding Windows or Sashes or Shutters in Houses or Buildings.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 27th Apr., 1889
Improved Apparatus or Means for Raising and Lowering Sliding
Windows or Sashes (or Shutters) in Railway Carriage, Cab, or
other Doors, or Sliding Windows or Sashes or Shutters in Houses
or Buildings.
I ROBERT HYDE of No. 589 Attercliffe Road Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improved and more efficient apparatus or means for raising
and lowering sliding windows or sashes (or shutters) such as those used in railway
carriage doors, cab doors, or in houses or buildings.
By this Invention I greatly facilitate the operations of raising and lowering, and
also of regulating the height of the window or sash or shutter, by providing and
applying a combination of levers and springs. I use two or more springs which are
fitted in suitable boxes, and two pairs of jointed levers, with the springs fitted to the
centre joints of the levers, so as to open them like a pair of compasses, and they
will be closed again by the weight of the window, sash, or shutter, and a slight
pressure of the hand. The springs in the joints are so set up or arranged that they
will balance the window or sash or shutter on the ends of the levers,-in any part of
its travel or movement up or down. The two pairs of levers are made to cross each
other, one of them is a double or slotted lever so as to guide and steady the apparatus.
One end of each pair of the levers is jointed to studs or brackets which rest in the
bottom of the window recess; the other or top end of each pair of levers is jointed
to brackets or similar appliances which are secured to the bottom of the sliding
window frame or sash or shutter, or the top ends of the levers may be jointed or
attached to a slotted tube which is held transversely by the levers, the window frame
or sash or shutter resting on the top of the tube; the ends of the tube will then slide
The slot is made in the
in the same grooves as the window frame sash or shutter.
bottom of the tube so as to allow the levers to partly fold up into it. If necessary I
fix a spring or springs to prevent jar and rattle. I also provide (when required)
india rubber or other cushions conveniently placed so as to receive the weight of the
window, sash, or shutter, when pushed down quickly.

page_text: The springs at the centre joints in each pair of levers are boxed up with a pin
through the centre of each, one lever engages with the box and the other with the
pin, the spring being attached to the pin and box of each pair respectively. I also
attach to each pair of levers and to the spring box a ratchet and catch to regulate
the power of the springs to the different weights of the windows, sashes, or shutters.
The top ends of the levers will rise vertically or nearly so over the bottom joints
when the window, sash, or shutter, is raised, and the centre spring joints approach
each other and describe part of a circle thus shortening the leverago as the springs
get weaker, thereby giving nearly a uniform lift throughout the travel of the window,
sash, or shutter.
I also provide stops at suitable parts of the apparatus to regulate the length of the
travel or up or down-movement of the window, sash; or shutter.
The principal parts of my apparatus can be made of iron steol or brass, or of other
suitable metal or material; and my apparatus is so made and arranged as to readily
fit into the present kinds of railway carriage and cab or other doors, without
necessitating the cutting away of the woodwork specially therefor.
'
001 1
1
1000

page_text: Improved Apparatus or Means for Raising and Lowering Sliding
Windows or Sashes (or Shutters) in Railway Carriage, Cab, .or
other Doors, or Sliding Windows or Sashes or Shutters in Houses
or. Buildings.
I ROBERT HYDE of No. 589 Attercliffe Road Sheffield in the County of York Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying drawings:
This Invention relates to improved and more efficient apparatus or means for
raising and lowering sliding windows or sashes (or shutters) such as those used in
railway carriage doors, cab doors, or other doors, or in houses or buildings.
By this invention I greatly facilitate the operations of raising and lowering and
also of regulating the height of the window or sash or shutter by providing and
applying a combination of levers and springs. I use two or more springs which are
fitted in suitable boxes, and two pairs of jointed levers with the springs fitted to the
centre joints of the levers so as to open them like a pair of compasses, and they will
be closed again by the weight of the window, sash, or shutter, and a slight pressure
of the hand. The springs in or connected with the joints are so set up or arranged
that they will balance the window or sash or shutter on the ends of the lovers, in any
part of its travel or movement up or down. The two pairs of levers are made to cross
each other, one of them is a double or slotted lever so as to guide and steady the
apparatus. One end of each pair of the levers is jointed to studs or brackets which
rest in the bottom of the window recess, the other or top end of each pair of levers
is jointed to brackets or similar appliances which are secured to the bottom of the
sliding window frame or sash or shutter.
I also provide (when required) india rubber or other cushions conveniently placed
so as to receive the weight of the window, sash, or shutter, when pushed down
quickly.
The springs at the centre joints in each pair of levers are boxed up with a pin
through the centre of each, one lever engages with the box and the other with the
pin, the spring being attached to the pin and box of each pair respectively.
I also attach to each pair of levers and to the spring box a ratchet and catch to
regulate the power of the springs to the different weights of the windows, sashes, or
shutters. The top ends of the levers will rise vertically or nearly so over the bottom
joints when the window, sash, or shutter is raised, and the centre spring joints
approach each other and describe part of a circle thus shortening the leverage as the
springs get weaker thereby giving nearly a uniform lift throughout the travel of the
window, sash, or shutter.
I also provide (where necessary) stops at suitable parts of the apparatus to regulate
the length of the travel or up or down movement of the window, sash, or shutter.

page_text: :
i'
In order that my said invention may be more fully understood, the mode in which I
prefer to carry it into effect is illustrated on the accompanying two sheets of
explanatory drawings which are marked with Figures and letters of reference corre-
sponding with those in the following description thereof, that is to say :-
Figure 1, is an inside elevation of a railway carriage door (for example) with the
lower casing thereof removed to show my raising and lowering apparatus.
A, A, are the boxed in centre joints of two pairs of levers, into which springs are
fitted to open the top levers B, B, and the bottom levers C, C; their action being
like that of a pair of compasses, and the levers are closed again by the weight of
the window or sash or shutter and with the assistance of a slight pressure of the
hand. The springs in the joints are so set up or arranged that they balance the
window or sash or shutter on the top ends of the levers B, B, which are jointed to
the brackets or studs d, d, (which may be made in one or more pieces) and are
secured to the window or sash or shutter frame. The bottom levers C, C, are jointed
to the brackets or studs F, (which also may be made in one or more pieces) and they
are secured in the bottom of the window recess. When the window or sash or
shutter is pushed down the spring boxes A, A, strike the rubber or other
suitable cushions G, G, and the cushions E, E, come down on the top of
the boxes A, A, which action relieves the sudden stop when the window or
sash or shutter is pushed down quickly. One of the top levers B, B, I prefer to
make with a long slot in it, so that the other lever B, will work in it and so steady
the apparatus. The two top levers B, B, may however be made without the slot in
one of them, and will work side by side, crossing each other as shown in Figure 1, of
the drawings.
The boxes, A, A, are free to move and they describe part of a circle when the
window or sash or shutter is raised or lowered. When the window or sash or shutter
is raised the springs in the boxes A, A, are uncoiled and become weaker at the same
time the boxes approaching each other the leverage is gradually shortened and so
compensating the varying power of the springs with the regular shortening of the
leverage thereby giving nearly a uniform lift throughout the travel of the window or
sash or shutter.
Figure 2, is a front elevation of the spring box (or boxes) A, A; the spring boxes
must be right and left hand ones. H, is a ratchet wheel to regulate the power of the
springs to the different weights of windows or sashes or shutters. I, is a catch or
pawl to engage with the ratchet wheel and is secured to J, which is the arm to.
which the levers B, B, are attached or are made in one piece therewith. The arm is
recessed to receive the ratchet wheel as shown in Figure 3.-M, is the centre pin
which is rivetted to the ratchet wheel and passing through J, and K, with round
bearings and increased in. diameter inside the boxes A.-I cut a slot across each of
the pins to receive the spring ends as shown at M, Figure 4. The arm K, is rivetted
to the levers C, C, or they can be made in one piece with the spring box.
is cut into the side of each of the boxes to receive the outside ends of the spring N,
Figure 4.
A slot
At L, L, (Figure 3,) I insert rubber cushions through the ratchet wheel H,
and the back cover plate P, to prevent jar or rattle in the working of the apparatus.
The back cover plate is secured to the box casing K, in any convenient manner. 0,
is a piece of tin or brass to keep the rubber cushions out of the springs. The
apparatus can be made with or without the side cushions if required.
Q, Figure 5, is a key for setting up the springs by inserting the small round ends
into the holes T, made in the ratchet wheel H, Figure 2. The key can be fitted and
used with any suitable handle.
Figure 4, shows in plan the spiral spring N, with the cover plate P, removed, one
end fitting into the slotted pin M, the other end fitting into a slot in the side of the
box at K; the ends of the springs are bent to loop onto the box side as shown.
The springs are fixed in the boxes A, A, forming joints with the pin M, passing
through the centre thereof.

page_text: The levers B, B, through the pawl I, and the ratchet wheel H, engage with the
pin M.
The lovers C, C, engage with the spring boxes and the spring ends, therefore one
lever of each pair engages with the box and the other lever engages with the pin of
each pair respectively as shown in the drawings.
I make the levers and boxes with or without stops to regulate the length of stroke
or travel of the window or sash or shutter. When stops are used the arm J, will
carry a stop R, (see Figure 2,) and in action will move towards the stop S, which
is fast to the box casing K, and these two coming together limit the stroke of the
levers as required.
I would here observe that in my Provisional Specification it was stated that if found
necessary I fixed a spring or springs to prevent any jar or rattle in the working of the
apparatus but in carrying out the details of my invention in practice I find that I
can dispense with such springs and therefore I make no claim thereto.-It was also
stated in my said Provisional Specification, as an alternative method or means, that
the top ends of the levers might be jointed or attached to a slotted tube held
transversely by the levers, the slot being made in the bottom of the tube so as to
allow the levers to partly fold up in the tube, but in fully developing my invention
in practice I have found it better and more advisable not to provide and employ such
tube, I therefore make no claim to it.
The principal parts of my apparatus can be made of iron steel or brass, or of other
suitable metal or material, and the whole of my apparatus is so made and arranged
as to readily fit into the present kinds of railway carriage and cab or other doors
without necessitating the cutting away of the woodwork specially therefor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The novel and special construction, and the combination and application of levers
and springs as shown in Figure 1, of the accompanying drawings, constituting
improved raising and lowering apparatus for sliding windows or sashes or shutters,
and the use thereof, in railway carriage or cab doors or other doors, or in houses or
buildings; the same being substantially as hereinbefore described or set forth.
2. The spring boxes and the mechanism connected with and arranged for operating
the aforesaid combination of levers and springs, as shown in Figures 2, to 4, inclusive
of the accompanying drawings, and substantially as hereinbefore described, or any
oquivalent modification thereof.
1 1000