Improvements in or relating to Brewing Apparatus.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left 17th May 1000 $00anted
22nd Ava
1000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Brewing Apparatus.
We, ARTHUR KUMMER and HERMANN WITTICH, Engineers, of Matthai-
strasse, 6, Riga, Russia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in brewing apparatus and has for
its object the provision of improved means whereby various operations in brew-
ing which have hitherto required separate pieces of apparatus may be performe
with one set of plant, for instance the use of separate mashing machines, mash-
boilers, and clarifying tubs is not necessary.
In carrying out this invention the malt grain contained in a chest or hopper
is mixed with water by an automatic preliminary mashing machine and passes
afterwards, regulated by a valve, through a tube provided with a thermometer.
It then reaches a combined mashing and clarifying tub, passes through an
open valve or slide and falls over a distributing cone into a lower mashing
and boiling vessel. The mash is now thoroughly mixed by means of a centri-
fugal pump and is passed through a tube back into the tub. The tube through
which the mash is forced communicates with the top of the mashing and boil-
ing vessel and also with the upper mashing tub, the communication may be
controlled by a three way cock. This circular movement of the mash is con-
tinued until a thorough mashing of the malt with the water is obtained. The
valve between the upper and lower vessels is then closed and all the mash pumped
into the upper vessel, after which the boiling process takes place. The mash-
tub is covered with a hood, the latter being set into the U-shaped stiffening
rim of the former, the rim having been filled with water so as to render the
closing air-tight.
For the purpose of boiling a portion of the mash is next allowed to enter
through the valve into the combined mashing and boiling vessels or tubes,
filling them with the quantity required. The valve is then closed and the pump
set to work producing a circular current through these tubular vessels, the
three-way cock having been so turned previously that the mash being forced
up the tube is now returning by way of a connecting tube to the top of the mash-
ing and boiling vessel. During this circuit of the mash steam jackets sur-
rounding the apparatus are heated until the mash is boiling. The steam pro-
duced by this process is allowed to pass into the outside air by means of a tube
leading to the principal vapour-flue.
After the termination of the boiling operation the three-way cock is again
so turned as to allow the mash to be pumped back into the upper vessel. The
valve is then again opened and the steam having been cut off, the mash is
circulated for the purpose of cooling it to the required temperature. This
operation is repeated according to the number of mashes required. The boil-
ing operations terminated all the mashes are returned to the upper vessel,

page_text: At this stage the clarifying process begins. A watering apparatus or sparger
is arranged in the hood and operated in the customary manner by water pres-
sure; this introduces the water needed for the clarification at a properly regu-
lated temperature.
The lower part of the upper vessel or tube is corical and provided- with a
perforated bottom through which the wort passes, to be withdrawn by tubes
controlled by cocks. From the latte the wort runs to a collecting tube and
thence through another tube to a wort-pan, where it is boiled with hops and
whence, finally, it is pumped to its destination. During the clarification the
withdrawal of the wort is several times interrupted, and the remaining mass
again driven through the circuit with a view of more effectually separating the
spent malt and thereby saving the use of a separating machine.
The clarifying operation is followed by the discharging of the spert malt or
grains. For this purpose an elliptical refuse-slide is provided in the apparatus
between the mašli vat and the lower vessel. This has hitherto remained in
a vertical position but is now turned obliquely and the valve bove it opened.
The refuse falling on to the slide will pass over it towards a discharge opening.
which is normally closed with a glass cover.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to Brewing Apparatus.
We, ARTHUR KUMMER and HERMANN WITTICH, Engineers, of Matthai-
strasse, 6, Riga, Russia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in brewing apparatus and has for its
object the provision of improved means whereby various operations in masli-
ing, which have hitherto required separate pieces of apparatus may be per-
formed with one set of plant, for instance the use of separate mashing machines,
mash heaters and washing tuns or vessels is not necessary.
The arrangement of apparatus employed according to this invention is repre-
sented in the accompanying drawing, in which,
Figures 1 and 2 are sections of a building, provided with the mashing plant,
on the lines A-A¹ and B-B respectively of the plan view represented in
Figure 3.
In carrying out this invention the malt grain contained in a chest or hop-
per a provided with a regulating valve t, is mixed with water in a preliminary
mixing or infusing chamber band passes afterwards, through a tube c, pro-
vided with a thermometer u. It then reaches a combined mashing and wash-
ing or wort extracting vat, passes through an open valve or slide d, and falls
over a distributing cone e into a lower mashing and heating vessel w. The
mash is now thoroughly mixed by being circulated in the communicating ves-
sels or tubes w, by means of a centrifugal pump f, and is then passed
through the tube w¹ back into the vat v. This tube through which the mash
is forced communicates both with the top of the mashing and heating vessel 1,
and also with the upper vessel r, the communication being controlled by a

page_text: between
three-way cock g. This circulating movement of the mash is continued until
thorough. mashing of the malt. with the water is obtained. The valve
the upper and lower vessels is closed, before the mash is pumped into the upper
vessel, after which the heating or so called "boiling" takes place in the lower
part of the apparatus. The mash vat is covered with the usual hood .r, the latter.
being set in the channelled rim of the former, the rim being filled with water
so as to render the closing air-tight. I is a pipe to carry off the vapours arising.
from the mash material.
For the purpose of heating, a portion of the mash mixture is allowed to enter,
through the valve d, into the combined mashing and heating. vessels or tubes w
and w, filling them with the quantity, required. The valve is then closed and
the pump set to work producing a circulation of the mixture through these
tubular vessels ww, the three-way cock g having been so turned previously
that the mash forced up the tube i returns by way of a connecting tube i fo
the top of the vessel . During this circulation of the mash mixture steam
jackets y y surrounding the apparatus w ware heated until the mash is brought
to the required temperature, generally about 170° F. or more.
The vapour produced by this process is allowed to pass away into the outside
air through a tube leading to the principal pipe /.
After the termination of the heating operation the three-way cock g is again
so turned as to allow the mash mixture to be pumped back into the upper ves-
sel through tube h. The valve d is then again opened and the steam having
been cut off the whole mash is circulated for the purpose of cooling it to the
required temperature. The above described operations may be repeated several
times according to requirements. This part of the operation having terminated
the whole charge is returned to the upper vessel v.
At this stage the wort is drawn off and the mashing process begins.
A watering apparatus or sparger m is arranged in the hood and operated in
the customary manner by water pressure; this introduces the water needed to
wash out the remaining wort after the main portion has been drawn off. The
lower part of the upper vessel or tub is conical and provided with a perforated
bottom through which the wort passes, to be withdrawn by tubes o controlled
by cocks. From the latter the wort runs to a collecting tube and thence
through another tube q to a wort-pan r, where it is boiled with hops and whence,
finally it is pumped by the pumps to its destination. During the washing out
the withdrawal of the wort is several times interrupted and the remaining mass
again circulated through the apparatus, with a view of more effectually sepa-
rating the spent malt and thereby doing away with the use of a raking machine.
The washing operation is followed by the discharge of the spent malt or
grains. For this purpose an elliptical refuse-slide is provided in the appara-
tus between the mash vat and the lower vessel w. This has hitherto remained
in a vertical position but is now turned obliquely and the valve above it
opened. The refuse falling on to the slide will pass over it towards a discharge
opening which is normally closed with a glass cover.
From the above description it will be seen that the general operation is as
follows: First the grist of malt with the steeping water is circulated through
the vessels only to obtain an intimate mixture. Then all the mass, liquid
and steeped grain, is pumped back into the vate the bottom valve d being closed.
Then, part of the mass from the vat is again run into the vessel and there
heated up by steam to any required temperature even above 170° F. and cir-
culated through and w. Then, the heated portion is brought back into the
vat and mixed with the unheated mass, and circulates, so as to bring down
its temperature to the desired point. This is the so-called decoction method
which is largely practised by brewers where part of the liquid is heated to an
increased temperature and then cooled down by mixing this portion with the
unheated portion. The subsequent boiling of the mash in the vessel is only
for the purposes of concentrating it.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. Mashing apparatus comprising a combined mashing and heating vessel
and a mashing and washing vat, said vessels being so arranged that the mash
can be circulated by a pump, according to the setting of a three-way valve in
a branched connecting tube, either through both vessels for the purpose of effect-
ing a thorough mixture, or only through the connecting tube and heating
vessel, for which purpose both the tube and heating vessel are provided with
steam jackets, substantially as described.
2. In mashing apparatus of the kind described the arrangement of a slide,.
consisting of a pivotted elliptical plate, as z, arranged under the outlet of the
washing vat, and means for turning the plate obliquely in such a manner that
the spent malt falling out of the lower conical part of the vat falls on said plate
and slides away through a suitable opening thereby rendering the use of a
separate apparatus unnecessary for clearing out the charge, substantially, as
described.
3. In mashing apparatus of the kind described a combined mashing and
washing-out vessel the lower part of which is cone-shaped and provided with
a perforated bottom and outlet tubes for the purpose of allowing the wort to
pass out automatically, while the upper part of the vessel is provided with a
spraying device substantially as described.
4. The complete arrangement of plant for use in mashing operations sub-
stantially as described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th dor of Var 1900
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,
Agents for the Applicants.