IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING COP AND OTHER THREADS THROUGH SHUTTLE HOLES AND EYES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of No. 20, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, l'atent
Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND
APPARATUS FOR DRAWING COP AND OTHER THREADS THROUGH SHUTTLE HOLES
AND EYES."-A communication from abroad by Charles Von
Hartmann, of Hagen, Westphalia.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel
. at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd May 1868.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND
APPARATUS FOR DRAWING COP AND OTHER THREADS THROUGH SHUTTLE HOLES AND
EYES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in drawing cop and other threads through
the holes or eyes of shuttles by means of a mechanically or artificially

page_text: produced vacuum, suction, or current of air, instead of by the present
mode of drawing the thread through by the suction produced by the
breath of the operator.
The Invention may be carried into practice in a variety of ways;.
thus in one arrangement the end of the shuttle is placed in a socket
in such a position that the eye thereof is pressed by a spring roller
down upon an aperture in the socket (by preference provided with an
india-rubber cushion) communicating with a chamber in which an
artificial vacuum or suction is produced by any known means, so that
the cop thread is drawn through the eye of the shuttle by the current
of air passing through the same into the chamber, after which the
shuttle is withdrawn from the socket.
In the arrangement employed by preference the said vacuum chamber
is formed similar to the conical plug of a cock or tap fitting in an
air-tight manner into a conical seat in a casing fixed on the upper end
of a pipe through which the vacuum or suction is produced. A side
aperture is formed in the conical chamber, which, when this is turned
into a certain position, communicates with a passage in the casing
leading into the suction pipe. When not in use the before-mentioned
socket, and with it the conical chamber, is turned by means of a spring
into such a position that this communication is cut off, while when
the shuttle is introduced into the socket by the operator for the purpose
of drawing the thread through he at the same time turns it so as to
establish the before-mentioned communication. Inside the conical
chamber is placed by preference a perforated cup for receiving the
thread as it passes through, and another perforated cup or diaphragm
is fixed between the casing and the suction pipe to intercept any dust
that passes in with the air. The socket is provided with an adjustable
stop, into which the extreme end of the shuttle fits so as to regulate
the exact position of the eye thereof over the before-mentioned
aperture.
The apparatus may be fixed at any convenient part of the loom, and
the suction pipe therefrom may either communicate with a main suction
pipe to which a number of such apparatus are connected, and which
is exhausted by any suitable known exhausting apparatus. such as an
air-pump exhauster or fan or the condenser of a steam engine, or by
the action of a steam jet; or each such apparatus may have a separate

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, CHARLES
DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Charles Denton Abel, Her
special licence that I, the said Charles Denton Abel, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Denton Abel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all
times thereafter during the terin therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and .Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING
COP AND OTHER THREADS THROUGH SHUTTLE HOLES AND EYES," a. communica-
tion to me from abroad by Charles Von Hartmann, of Hagen, West-
phalia, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles
Denton Abel, my executors, or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
.

page_text: tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in drawing cop and other threads through
the holes or eyes of shuttles by means of a mechanically or artificially
produced vacuum, suction, or current of air, instead of by the present
mode of drawing the thread through by the suction produced by the
breath of the operator.
The construction of apparatus for carrying this Invention into effect
may be variously modified.
The arrangement employed by preference is shown at Figures 1 to 4
on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation of the apparatus on line X, X,
Figure 3; Figure 2 shows a sectional elevation on line Y, Y, Figure 3;
Figure 3 shows a sectional plan on line Z, Z, Figure 1; and Figure 4
shows a front elevation of the apparatus. Similar letters of reference
indicate similar parts in each of the Figures.
The apparatus consists mainly of a lower fixed part A, and of an
upper moveable part B. The part A is fixed by means of screws a, a,
to any convenient part of the loom. It has a conical or tapering
socket C, with the interior of which the pipe D in connection with an
air-exhausting apparatus is made to communicate through the side
aperture E.
Into the conical socket C fits in an air-tight manner a
correspondingly formed conical plug F on the lower part of B. This
plug is formed hollow, as shown, and contains a cup or cylinder G of
perforated metal or wire gauze closed at bottom and open at top,
inserted into the plug through its lower open end. Over the open end
of the cup G a passage H is formed through the part B, which passage
is closed at the upper end with a screw plug, as shown, and com-
municates with the side passage H', terminating in the passage H
formed in the india-rubber cushion I. Projecting from the side of B
is a plate J carrying at the side a loop K, in which the stop L is held
in an adjustable manner by means of the set screw K'. Between the
stop L and the cushion I is introduced the shuttle M, through the
eye M' of which the thread of the cop N requires to be drawn.
this purpose it is requisite that the eye M should be situated exactly
opposite the aperture of the passage H in the india-rubber cushion I;
For

page_text: to insure this a loop O is secured in an adjustable manner by the
set screw O' in the boss 0° at the end of the plate J, into which loop
the point of the shuttle passes, as shown, and which prevents its being
pushed beyond the exact required position relative to the passage H².
The plug F has a side aperture P, which when the part B and with it
the plug F is turned into the position shown in Figure 2, effects a
communication with the suction pipe D; when not acted upon by the
operator however the part B and plug F are turned by the spring Q
(attached at one end to the plate J and at the other end to the part A,
as shown) into a position in which the communication between the
interior of the plug and the pipe D is cut off. The exact extent to
which the plug F must be turned to effect the before-mentioned com-
munication is regulated by a stud R carried in a lug on B, and working
in a notch formed in the upper edge of A.
For drawing the cop thread through the eye of the shuttle by means
of this apparatus the attendant first draws a certain length of the
thread off the cop, and places such length in front of the passage in the
shuttle communicating with the eye M¹. He then inserts the shuttle
between the stop L and cushion I, as before described, so that the
eye M¹ corresponds in position with the passage H1, H2, and by drawing
the shuttle by means of the one hand in the direction of the arrow,
Figure 3, he firstly presses the eye of the shuttle in an air-tight manner
against the cushion I, and then moves the part B and plug F round
so as to establish the communication between the suction pipe D and
the interior of the plug. A current of air is now established through
the eye of the shuttle, the passages H, H, H, and the perforations of
the cup G, whereby the loose end of the cop thread placed as before
described is drawn through the eye of the shuttle and into the cup G.
The shuttle is then withdrawn from the apparatus, whereupon the
spring will draw the part B and plug F back into the original
position so as to cut off the communication with the suction pipe.
The perforations of the cup G are small enough to intercept any dust
passing in with the cop thread, which dust may be cleared out by
removing the cup from the plug when required. The plate J is covered
with a piece of leather S to prevent injury to the shuttle when inserted
into the apparatus.
The apparatus may be fixed at any convenient part of the loom, and
the suction pipe therefrom may either communicate with a main suction

page_text: pipe to which a number of such apparatus are connected, and which is
exhausted by any suitable known exhausting apparatus, such as an air
pump, exhauster, or fan, or the condenser of a steam engine, or by the
action of a steam jet; or each such apparatus may have a separate
air pump or exhauster actuated either by the mechanism of the loom
or by the hand or foot of the operator, or otherwise.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 on the Drawing show respectively a front elevation,
a plan, and a side elevation of a loom with the apparatus fixed thereto
at A (coloured red), the requisite suction being supplied by a system
of pipes D, D', communicating with a number of looms, and with any
suitable apparatus capable of producing the requisite draught. In
Figure 6 the dotted lines show the position into which the shuttle and
with it the moveable part of the apparatus is turned. to draw the cop
thread through the eye.
The apparatus may be arranged right or left handed, as may be most
convenient to the operator. When two looms are situated close together
one single suction apparatus may be placed between the two so as to
serve for both.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I wish it to be understood that I in no way limit
myself to the arrangement.of apparatus for carrying the same into
effect, as herein-before described, with reference to the accompanying
Drawing, as it is evident that this may be greatly varied without
departing from the essential feature of this Invention, whereby cop
and other threads are drawn through the holes or eyes of shuttles by
means of a mechanically or artificially produced vacuum, suction, or
current of air that is otherwise than by the breath of the operator.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight
CHAS. D. ABEL. (L.B.).