Improvements in Indraught Cowls to be used for Ventilating Purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1891-Accepted, 27th June, 1891
COMPLETE DELCIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by WILLIAM DUGALD CAMPBELL, of 137, Elizabeth
Street, Sydney, in the Colony of New South Wales, Civil Engineer].
Improvements in Indraught Cowls to be used for Ventilating
Purposes.
1 CHARLES DUGALD CAMPBELL, of Box Grove Road, Guilford in the County
of Surrey, Captain H.M's. late Indian Navy, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My improvements in indraught cowls have been specially designed to assist in
the ventilation of sewers, but the improved cowls are equally applicable to the
ventilation of any enclosed space.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a simple cowl working on a spindle so as to turn its
open mouth towards the direction from which the wind is blowing.
Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same, taken on the line 1-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the same, taken vertically down the centre of
Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a cross section of the same, taken on the line 3-4 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an elevation of a fixed multiple cowl.
Fig. 6 is a cross section of the same, taken on the line 5-6 of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of a multiple cowl, taken on the line of the centre of
Fig. 5.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, A is the pipe to which the cowl is attached, the upper end
of the pipe being provided with stepped cross stays a a to receive and support the
spindle B which carries the cowl, and on which it is free to revolve. The bottom
half C of the cowl is of cylindrical form and surrounds the upper end of the pipe A.
The upper half D of the cowl is semi-cylindrical in form, the half being removed
so as to catch the wind. At the top and bottom of the portion D of the cowl are
placed projecting lips dd for the purpose of assisting to catch the wind and to
strengthen the cowl. The portion D of the cowl is divided vertically down the
centre by the web or partition E. This partition E acts as a deflector to project
the wind downwards towards the chamber to be ventilated. The cowl is provided
with a fin or feather F, which will ensure that the open part of the cowl shall be
presented to the direction from which the wind is blowing.
In Figs. 5, 6 and 7, A. is the air shaft or tube to which the cowl is fitted. B is
the body of the cowl, or the riser that connects the shaft A with the intake
openings. C is a central or axial hollow core, to which the partitions or air
deflectors D D are attached. E E are lips which project from the top of the
riser B. Fis the cover of the cowl; it turns down all round so as to partially cover
up the intake openings. In order to add to the efficiency of the intakes, the
bottom of the cover may be formed into lips, as shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 5.
It will be remarked that the central core C tapers downwards. This direction
of the taper will give the wind a start in the downward direction, and will thus
materially assist the intake capacity of the cowl.
In the drawings, the multiple cowl consists of a combination of four intakes, but
it is evident that a greater or less number of intakes may be combined together to
form one multiple cowl.
The partitions D D are for the purpose of arresting the air as it enters the
intake, and deflecting it downwards towards the air shaft A.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. Constructing a cowl for in-draught purposes, of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical
form, the said cowl being provided with a centrally situated vertical web or partition
acting as an air deflector, as herein described and specified.
2. A multiple cowl consisting of two or more intake openings ranged round a
common centre, each intake being vertically divided down its middle by a web,
partition, or air deflector, as herein specified.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1891
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.