IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES to be as follows:-
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I LEWIS JAMES PIRIE Manager of Bromborough Pool Works Birkenhead in the
County of Chester do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES to
be as follows:-
"
This Invention relates to self fitting candles (i.e. those having conical fluted ends)
especially to those manufactured under a patent granted to George Henry Spicer
No 1863 in the year 1876.
Before the candle is cast a ring coned and fluted interiorly is dropped into a
socket at the upper part of the candle mould; the form of the cone and fluted end
of the candle is imparted to it by the interior surface of this ring.
When the candles are lifted from the moulds they carry these rings with them,
and the rings have to be removed at a separate operation.
To effect this object more conveniently than heretofore I employ the apparatus
which I will proceed to describe.
It consists of a frame or table attachable to the candle machine by means of
brackets.
Ou the surface of this table there are rails to receive the candles lying in a
horizontal or nearly horizontal position and parallel the one to the other.
The front bar of the frame is notched to receive the wicks which havo not yet
been cut off from the tips of the candles.
•
The rail at the back of the frame is formed with corresponding cavities of a size
to receive the rings which, surround the candles at the ends to enter the candlestick.
Behind this rail there is another rail which is movable by means of levers to and
from the rail on which the rings are supported. The moveable rail is provided
with plungers which can be brought forward against the base of the candles by a
motion imparted to the rail by levers provided for the purpose.
When this forward movement of the rail and plungers takes place the plunger
ejects the candles from the rings, the rings being prevented from moving forward
by a raised lip at the lower part of the cavity in which each ring lies. After the
candles have been thus liberated the wicks are drawn tight through the notches in
the front rail and they are severed by a knife which runs in a groove provided
for the purpose in the front rail. Or the wicks may be cut before the candles are
ejected from the rings.
:

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, LEWIS JAMES PIRIE, Manager of Bromborough Pool Works, Birkenhead in the
"IMPROVE
County of Chester do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES" and
in what manner the same, is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to self-fitting candles (i.e. those having conical fluted ends)
especially to those manufactured under a patent granted to George Henry Spicer
N° 1863 in the year 1876.
Before the candle is cast a ring, coned and fluted interiorly is dropped into a
socket at the upper part of the candle mould; the form of the cone and fluted end
of the candle is imparted to it by the interior surface of this ring.
When the candles are lifted from the moulds they carry these rings with them,
and the rings have to be removed at a separate operation.
To effect this object more conveniently than heretofore I employ the apparatus
which I will proceed to describe.
It consists of a frame or table attachable to the candle machine by means of
brackets.
On the surface of this table there are rails to receive the candles lying in a
horizontal or nearly horizontal position and parallel the ono to the other.
The front bar of the frame is notched to receive the wicks which have not yet!
been cut off, from the tips of the candles.
The rail at the back of the frame is formed with corresponding cavities of a size
to receive the rings which surround the candles at the ends to enter the candlestick.
Behind this rail there is another rail which is movable by means of lovers to and
from the rail on which the rings are supported. The movable rail is provided with
plungers which can be brought forward against the base of the candles by a motion
imparted to the rail by the levers provided for the purpose.
When this forward movement of the rail and plungers take place the plunger
ejects the candles from the rings, the rings being prevented from moving forward
by a raised lip at the lower part of the cavity in which, each ring lies. After the
candles have been thus liberated the wicks are drawn tight through the notches in
the front rail and they are severed by a knife, which runs in a groove provided
for the purpose in the front rail. Or the wicks may be cut before the candles are
ojected from the rings.
In order that my said invention may be most fully and readily carried into effect
I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a plan and Figure 2 is a transverse section of apparatus arranged in
accordance with my invention,
Athl
DD
tiam at their annon

page_text: C is a frame to which the series of wick tubes B are fixed and which is raised by a
rack and pinions D to eject the candles from the moulds—E is the bandle by which
the axis of the pinions D is turned.
All these parts are in common use.
F is the frame or table fixed upon the candle machine. F¹ are the brackets
which serve to carry it-G and H are rails on the surface of the table; they serve
to support the candles. In Figure 2* one of the candles marked I is shown in
position on the rails. The tip of the candle rests upon the rail G whilst the coned
and fluted ring 1' in which the conical lower end of the candle is moulded rests
upon the rail H in a cavity formed to receive it and beyond a raised lip H³ with
which the rail H is provided.
When the candles are in this position the wicks are held in vertical notches
which are formed in the front rail K of the frame.
L is a movable rail resting upon the surface of the table and provided with
plungers L L¹ these pass through holes in the back bar M and come in rear of
the base ends of the candles.
N. N are levers one at each end of the frame, they have their fulcra upon the
ends of the movable rail L and they are also connected by links O. O. at points
intermediate of their length to the back of the table at 01 0¹ so that by drawing
the upper ends of the levers towards the operator the plungers are caused to
advance against the candles and push them out of their rings I-When this has
been done the wicks are tightened by pulling them through the notches in the back
rail and they are then cut off.
The back rail is, as will be seen, grooved or in two parts placed close together so
as to admit of a cutting blade passing between the parts. The cutter is run along
the frame from side to side and the wicks cut off leaving them held however in
the notches. The candles are then removed, an operation which is facilitated by
providing beneath them a rail P which is attached at its ends to levers P¹ P¹. By
placing the hands on these levers the rail is raised and the candles can then be
easily and rapidly gathered together. The rings I' are also removed from tho
frame and this is then ready to receive another row of candlos from the candle
machine.
The rows of candles are taken from the machine and so treated one after the
other until all have been removed..
If preferred when the candles are first laid upon the frame the wicks may be
drawn up tight in the notches and cut off and afterwards the rings I¹ placed in the
recesses of the rail H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
(1) Apparatus substantially as described for freeing candles from the rings in
which their ends are moulded.
(2) The use in freeing candles from rings in which their ends are moulded, of a
set of plungers caused to advance simultaneously against the ends of the candles
whilst the said rings are retained in place substantially as described,