Year: 1887

page_text: I, SOCRATES KEATS of Töss near Winterthur, Switzerland, Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to improvements in that class of lock stitch sewing machines
in which a hooked needle is used together with a shuttle above the work. The shuttle
which I propose to use is formed with a knife edge nose for facilitating its entrance
into the loop of the needle thread and I give it an axial motion in a vertical plane.-
The shuttle is actuated by a peculiar construction of driver which carries on its peri-
meter a hook for entering and opening out or spreading the loop of the needle thread.-
This driver works in a vertical plane and is recessed at its side to receive the shuttle.―
The shuttle is so shaped as to permit of its bedding loosely in the recess to about one
half of its depth or thickness.
As the perimeter of the shuttle is of an irregular form it will so interlock with its
driver as to receive an axial motion therefrom when the machine is at work.-The
shuttle driver is carried on the end of a horizontal axle which receives its motion
through any suitable driving gear. For retaining the shuttle within the recess of the
driver, a shell or cover is provided which, if the driver receives a reciprocating
motion, may be hinged to the driver leaving a free space between the two for the
passage of the loop of needle thread.-If however, the driver receives an intermittent
rotary motion in one direction only, the shuttle may be retained in its recess by a
fixed cap or cover held up to its required position by a spring which will yield to
allow of the cover being thrust back to give access to the shuttle.-The hook of the
driver will be recessed to receive the hook of the descending needle, and enable it to
lift out the loop from the hook.-As the driver turns on its axis the hook which bas
taken off the loop will open the loop and spread it on the perimeter of the driver, and

page_text: in spreading it the outer side of the loop will slip over the edge of the driver and
pass to that side of the shuttle which is adjacent to the driver; the further axial
movement of the driver will cause the inner side of the loop to slip off and pass to
the outer side of the shuttle. Thus, the shuttle will be placed within the loop, or in
the proper position to deliver its locking thread thereto. The further axial movement
of the driver will bring its hook into such a position that the drag put upon the loop
by the passing of the shuttle through it, will cause the loop to slip from the hook
when it will be caught by the locking thread.
The shuttle driver is then returned to its starting point by reversing its motion, or
its axial motion may be continued intermittently in the same direction to bring the
hook of the driver into the position to receive the next succeeding loop of needle
thread.

page_text: | SOURATES KEATS of Töss near Winterthur, Switzerland, Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of lock-stitch sewing machines
in which a hooked needle is used together with a shuttle above the work. The shuttle
which I propose to use is formed with a knife edge nose, or dorsal fin, for facilitating
its entrance into the loop of the needle thread, and I give it an axial motion in a
vertical plane. The shuttle is actuated by a peculiar construction of driver, which
carries on its perimeter a hook for entering and opening out or spreading the loop of
the needle thread. This driver works in a vertical plane, and is recessed at its side
to receive the shuttle, to which it presents the opened loop for the shuttle to enter.-
The shuttle is so shaped as to permit of its bedding loosely in the recess to about one
half of its depth or thickness.-As the perimeter of the shuttle is of an irregular
form, it will so interlock with its driver as to receive an axial motion therefrom when
the machine is at work. The shuttle driver is carried on the end of a horizontal axle,
which receives its motion through suitable driving gear. For retaining the shuttle
within the recess of the driver, a stationary cap or cover is provided, which is held
up to its required position by a spring that yields to allow of the passage of the
loop over the shuttle.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn at Fig. 1. the invention as adapted to
a Horn Sewing Machine arranged after the manner of my Patent bearing date
1st January 1886, No. 34, the mechanism for working the shuttle driver and the other
operating instruments being precisely similar to that illustrated in the specification of
my said Patent.
I would remark that the invention which I am about to describe in detail, although
bearing a strong resemblance in principle to my previous invention, is not a mere
substitution of mechanical equivalents for producing identical results, as by the
present invention I am enabled to produce a twist in the loop of the needle thread,
which twist is retained within the work, a desideratum in sole sewing by
machinery.
A, Fig. 1, is the main framing of the machine, and B the swivel horn.-C is the
vertical cam shaft from which all the motions of the machine are derived.-D is the
reciprocating needle bar carrying the hooked needle d for piercing the work and
fetching up the sewing thread from the looper. E is a recessed rotary driver for
receiving the shuttle e; the recess of this driver is a counterpart of the side of the
shuttle which interlocks therewith. The shuttle driver is carried by a short shaft
mounted in a bracket bearing A. Keyed to the outer end of this shaft E' is a disc E'
fitted with a crank pin, which pin is embraced by a slide F.-This slide is carried by
a rock lever F fulcrummed on the framing of the machine, and receiving a rocking

page_text: motion from the cam F2 on the cam shaft C.-Projecting from the slide F is a pin f',
which is connected by a link to one arm of a bell crank lever F3 fulcrummed on the
main framing. This bell crank lever carries a bowl which enters a groove formed in
the periphery of the cam F2.
As, therefore, the cam shaft is rotated, the slide F carried by the rock lever will be
moved to and fro, and rocked so as to impart an intermittent rotary motion through
the crank pin to the shuttle driver E.-The cap or pressing piece for retaining the
shuttle within the driver is supported by a bracket from the head of the machine.-
The mode of fitting this cap or pressing piece in place, and retaining it in contact with
the shuttle, will be hereafter described.
G is a compound swinging frame for operating the looper g.-H is the pressing
and feeding bar, and I is the thread regulating lever, which in its descent pulls down
the needle loop clear of the shuttle.
Figs. 2 show the shuttle driver E detached from the machine, in face, and in two
edge views.
The perimeter of this driver is continuous, but of an irregular form, it being rebated
at one part to form a transverse step of some half inch in height. This rebate pro-
vides a clear space for the descent of the needle through the work to fetch up its loop,
at which time the rotation of the driver is stopped. Out of the step or projection on
the perimeter of the driver is formed a hook 1 and a shoulder 2.-The hook 1 is
recessed or channelled in its face like the nose of the rotating shuttle in my before
mentioned patent, and for the like purpose. The shoulder 2 projects rearwards behind
the hook 1, and terminates in the plane of the edge of the driver.
The object of thus constructing the driver will be presently understood, when the
action of the machine is described.
Figs. 3 represent the shuttle in front and side views, and in cross section. It con-
sists of two shells 3, 4, of thin steel, hinged together at the front, and closed by a
coiled spring 5, which surrounds the hinge pin, and has its opposite ends bearing
against the outer side of the shells.-The shell 3 carries what may be called the nose
of the shuttle, which takes rather the form of a dorsal fin, and it is against this fin that
the shell 4 closes to confine the waxed thread within the shuttle.-6 is a hole formed
in the shell 4 in the axial line of rotation of the shuttle, for the passage out of the
locking thread contained in the shuttle.
Fig. 4 shews detached from the machine, the shuttle driver E, shuttle e, and
cap or
pressing piece E*, which holds the shuttle in place in its driver. This cap or pressing
piece is carried by a stem which enters a sleeve bearing a mounted in a bracket A²,
which is bolted to the head of the machine. The outer end of the sleeve bearing a is
closed by a screw plug a, and between this plug and the stem of the cap piece E*, a
coiled spring a² is confined. By the pressure of this spring, the cap piece is held in
contact with the shuttle, and the pressure of the spring is adjusted by means of the
screw plug a-Thus the cap piece will be free to yield to any pressure put upon it
by the needle thread passing between it and the shuttle, and when the thread has
passed, it will return into touch with the shuttle, thereby preventing the tipping of
the shuttle in its holder. In order to facilitate the removal of the shuttle from its
driver, the sleeve a is made to shift end wise in the socket of the bracket, and it is
formed with a locking pin a3 which is intended to slide in a slot formed in the socket
when it is desired to draw back the cap or pressing piece.
On the outer end of the sleeve a is a handle a¹, by which the pin is brought into
line with the slot to allow of the withdrawal of the sleeve.-By reversing this motion
when the sleeve has been replaced, the pin will lie against the solid portion of the
socket, and lock the sleeve a in position.
I will now proceed to explain the action of the machine, reference being had to a
series of six diagrams, which represent in front and side views the shuttle driver
together with its shuttle, the work underlying the shuttle, the nose of the horn which
supports the work, and the barbed needle, in various positions.
These diagrams, when taken together, illustrate the formation of a stitch. The
needle having descended through the work and received a thread from the looper,

page_text: rises to deliver its loop to the hook of the shuttle driver, during which movements the
driver is quiescent. When the needle has reached the position of Diagram I, the
shuttle driver commences its rotation, its book 1 following the movement of the
needle, and advancing at a rapid speed, overtakes the needle, and enters the loop of
needle thread. The hook having entered the loop, will, by reason of the recess formed
in its front for the reception of the needle point, be free to lift the loop out of the
barb of the needle, as shewn in the Diagram II, leaving the needle free to rise clear
of the shuttle driver.-By the continued rotation of the shuttle driver, the crossing of
the looped thread will be effected. This is shewn in Diagram III, where the shoulder 2
of the driver turns the left side of the loop across to the right side when it falls on to
the shuttle, the thread forming the right side of the loop slipping off the edge of the
driver, and falling between the driver and the shuttle.
On the continued rotation of the shuttle, the slack of the last formed stitch is taken
up by the hook of the driver. At this time, the shuttle nose, or forward end of
the fin, will be within the twisted loop, but in advance of the twist, forcing back
the twist from the nose of the shuttle.-This position of affairs is illustrated at
Diagram IV.
When the shuttle driver has arrived at the position of Diagram V, the shuttle
thread will be about to enter the loop.-So soon as this is effected, the hook of the
driver will move to the position to release itself from the loop, the shuttle having
passed through the loop as shewn in Diagram VI. Tension will now be put upon the
thread by the thread regulating lever I, to draw down the twisted loop caught by the
locking thread, preparatory to the stitch being tightened in the work.
The rotation of the shuttle driver having been completed, a repetition of the
operations illustrated in the Diagrams will recommence on the next succeeding loop
brought up by the needle. As the hook again arrives at the position of Diagram V,
it will complete the stitch last formed by drawing it into the work. In this way the
twist of the needle thread will be left in the body of the work, thus securing a firmer
attachment of the parts than has heretofore been obtained in sewing boot soles by
machinery.
During the tightening of the stitch, the hook 1 will draw off from the ball a fresh
supply of thread equal to the production of a new stitch; thus the needle will be
relieved from this duty, and the friction of the thread commonly produced at this
stage of the work by the contact of the thread with the barb of the needle will be
avoided.
The feed of the work now takes place preparatory to the next descent of the needle
to pierce the work, and draw up a new loop through it, for presentation to the hook
of the shuttle driver.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction and use of a rotary shuttle driver, which divides the loop, lifts
it from the needle, twists the loop, and draws the twisted loop over the shuttle,
tightens the stitches, and draws up the requisite thread from the ball, as above set
forth.
2. The construction of shuttle as described, which fits in the face of the hooked
driver and rotates therewith, to lay the locking thread in the loop of the needle
thread.
1000
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.