IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED WEAVING
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bottomley, Designer, and Michael Nay-
lor, Mechanic, both in the employment of Sir Titus Salt, Bart., Sons,
and Company, of Saltaire, near Bradford, in the County of York,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
WEAVING."
IN
Scaled the 10th May 1873, and dated the 15th January 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bottomley and
Michael Naylor at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with·
their Petition, on the 15th January 1873.
We, WILLIAM BOTTOMLEY, Designer, and MICHAEL NAYLOR, Mechanic,
both in the employment of Sir Titus Salt, Bart., Sons, and Company, of
Saltaire, near Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of one part of our Invention is to obtain facility for
increased variety in ornamental effects when using small shuttles in

page_text: what is commonly termed "swivel weaving.". In carrying out this
head of the Invention the small or swivel shuttles are carried in boxes,
each having two or more chambers, and being capable of rotation, so
that each box may be capable of receiving two or more of such shuttles
capable of variable selection as to the shuttle for the time to act in
producing changes in color or other effect, and the parts carrying theso
boxes are capable not only of being brought into position for the passage
of the threads of these small shuttles through sheds open for them, and
also of being taken out of the way when weaving the body or ground of the
fabric, but are also capable of an endway motion across the width of the
fabric, so as to obtain variations in the relative positions of the successive
figures across the piece. The parts are lifted and lowered out of and
into position for action by tappet on the main or other shaft, or it may
be by jacquard or pattern surface, aided by locking apparatus, to lock
the parts in position. The endway motion, for change of relative position,
is obtained in either direction by the jacquard or pattern surface acting
on arms, operating drivers, or clawkers and ratchet wheels with pinion
and rack or such like means, the ratchet wheels having successive teeth,
and the jacquard or pattern surface acting in succession, if desired, for
the necessary extent of traverse from the production of one Figure to the
next.
In liko manner jacquard or pattern surface acts to produce the desired
partial rotation of the boxes for changes of shuttle by teeth on those
boxes, being operated by the teeth of pinions on a shaft operated in the
desired directions by drivers and ratchets actuated by such jacquard or
pattern surface.
The traverse of the shuttles and parts acting therewith is effected by
jacquard or pattern surface.
The ordinary tappet motion for operating the weft of the ground or
body of the fabric is thrown out of action whilst the swivel shuttles arc
acting.
The lay board is also capable of a downward movement, if required, to
make room for the shuttle boxes and parts connected with them.
Also the Invention relates to means for effecting changes in the order
of selection of shuttles when employing what are commonly called
rotary shuttle boxes, so as to facilitate the placing of any of the series of

page_text: shuttle chambers in a line with the lay. For this purpose cach of the
levers for causing the partial rotation of the boxes in cither direction is
provided with three or more catch rods, either of which, by the jacquard
or pattern surface acting on small levers or such like means, is capable
of being brought into position to be acted upon by knife edges projecting
or formed at differont distances apart on a lifting lever actuated by the
tappet motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Bottomley and Michael Naylor in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th July 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
BOTTOMLEY, Designer, and MICHAEL NAYLOR, Mechanic, both in the
employment of Sir Titus Salt, Bart., Sons, and Company, of Saltaire,
near Bradford, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said William Bottomley and Michael
Naylor, Her special license that we, the said William Bottomley and
Michael Naylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said William Bottomley and Michael Naylor, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said William Bottomley and Michael Naylor, our exécutors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to bo

page_text: filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Bottomley and Michael
Naylor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of one part of our Invention is to obtain facility for
increased variety in ornamental effects, when using small shuttles in
what is commonly termed "swivel weaving." In carrying out this first
head of the Invention the small or swivel shuttles are carried in boxes,
each box having one or more shuttle chambers, and being capable of
rotation so that each box may be capable of receiving one or more of
such shuttles, with capability for variable selection as to the shuttle for
the time to act in producing changes in color or other effect upon the
body or ground of the fabric, and the parts carrying these boxes are
capable not only of being brought into position for the passage of the
threads of these small shuttles through sheds open for them, and also
of being taken out of the way when weaving the body or ground of the
fabric, but are also capable of an endway motion across the width of the
fabric, so as to obtain variations in the relative positions of the successive
figures across the piece. The parts are lifted and lowered out of and
into position for action by tappet on the main or other shaft, or it may
be by jacquard or pattern surface, aided by locking apparatus to lock the
parts in position. The endway motion for change of relativo position is
obtained in either direction by the jacquard or pattern surface acting on
arms operating drivers or clawkers and ratchet wheels with pinion and
rack or such like means, the ratchet wheels having successive teeth, and
the jacquard or pattern surface acting in succession, if desired, for the
necessary extent of traverse from the production of one figure to the
next.

page_text: The traverse of the shuttles and parts acting therewith is effected by
jacquard or pattern surface.
The lay board is also capable of a downward movement, if required, to
make room for the operation of these small shuttle boxes and the parts
connected with them.
Secondly. The Invention relates to means for effecting changes in the
order of selection of shuttles when employing what are commonly called
rotary shuttle boxes, so as to facilitate the placing of any of the series of
shuttle chambers in a line with the lay. For this purpose, each of the
levers for causing the partial rotation of the boxes in either direction is
provided with three or more catch rods, either of which by the jacquard
or pattern surface acting on small levers or such like means is capable of
being brought into position to be acted upon by knife edges projecting
or formed at different distances apart on a lifting lever actuated by the
tappet motion.

page_text: be seen that this shuttle is formed of the case c with a pin c¹ to receive
the small bobbin or pin c². This pin c¹ is split towards the outer cnd
of it, in order that those parts of it may be clastic, to bear with elastic
pressure on the inside of the bobbin or pirn, and thereby to hold it in
position. The yarn from these bobbins is passed from them over the
small wires c, thence over the boss c', and between the disc thereof,
and another disc cº (see Figures 20 and 21). The disc c is passed over
the boss c', and is borne towards the disc c by a small spiral spring c²,
so as thereby to nip the yarn from the bobbin or pirn with an elastic
pressure. This yarn then passes out from the shuttle by a hole, or it
may be by several holes c for use. 10 is an elastic washer between the
disc and the inside of the shuttle, to assist the friction to its motion.
These shuttles are also formed with teeth c", by which endway motion
is given to them in their boxes by small pinions d, hereafter referred to,
and they have springs c" by which to steady them in these chambers.
The boxes for these shuttles are shewn in their places at e in the smaller
views, and also one of them is shewn drawn to a full size in position in
the supporting means by front and end views at Figure 14. Figure 18
shews a side view and two opposite end views of one of these boxes
separately. It will be seen that each of these boxes e is as shewn
formed with three shuttle chambers e¹, each of which is capable of
receiving a suitable shuttle, though the number of shuttle chambers e
may be varied, one or more according to their size and other cir
cumstances. The ends of these boxes are formed with necks e, e³, in
order to their being carried by the correspondingly formed grooves f¹
and g¹ formed for them in the brackets fand g, by which the boxes e
are supported with capability of revolving freely yet steadily in those
brackets. The neck e of a rotary box e is that received into the ring f¹
of a bracket f, and the neck e³ is that received into the grooved ring g¹
of a bracket g; and in order to facilitate the removal or replacing of a
shuttle c in any one of the chambers c¹ a part of the rim g of each
ring g' is applied to one end of a spring g³, the other end of which is
held in position, yet with capability of turning on a stud 9' carried by
such rings. This part 9** of the ring g' when in position serves to
complete that portion of the outer rim of bracket, and aid in bearing on
the shuttles as they rotate with the boxes e, but when a shuttle is
desired to be removed from or placed in position in a chamber e it is
simply necessary to lift the part g* over the edge of the rim g³, turning

page_text: it at the same time sideways, as indicated by the dotted lines in
Figure 16, when the placing or removal of a shuttle may be readily
effected, and then by lifting the small piece 9** again into its recess in
the ring g, that ring will again be complete to hold the shuttles in
position. These moveable pieces g** are applied to that part of the
ring g of a bracket g opposite a shuttle chamber e¹, when there is one
of the series of shuttle chambers in a line for forming a shoot of weft,
and the ends c, c, of the shuttles are also formed to be received into
the recesses f¹, g', in the brackets f and g, to hold those shuttles from
taking any endway movement, except when they are in a line for
wefting. The brackets ƒ and g are applied to a bar h, to which are
applied straps ¹, by which that bar is supported with capability of
ondway motion on another bar i, and to facilitate the easy motion of this
bar / on the bar i a small roller 73 is supported in each of the straps /
to run on the top of the bar i. The object of this capability for endway
motion of the bar h is to afford facility for change of position of the
ornamental weaving on the fabric being produced in the loom.
-
This endway motion to the bar h we effect in the following manner:
Upon the bar is applied the rack ½³, the teeth of which are taken into
by the teeth of a small pinion , shown by bluo lines affixed on the
short hollow axis ho, which is supported to revolve on a stud projecting
from a plate affixed to the bar i. Upon the hollow axis 1 are also
affixed two ratclict wheels 78. The teeth of one of these ratchet wheels h³
are in a direction to be acted upon by the driver ", carried by the lever
arm ", so as to cause the axis 75, with its pinion ', to revolve in one
direction, and thus move the bar h in a corresponding direction, whilst
the teeth of the other ratchet wheel ³ are taken into by the driver h¹³,
carried by the lever arm ¹³, with the tendency when that lever arm is
acted upon to cause the rotation of the hollow axis 5 with its small
pinion in the opposite direction to move the bar h in the opposite
direction. The lever arms " and h¹s both turn upon studs or axes h¹¹,
carried by the plate h', and they are by cords or bands h and h¹ respec-
tively connected to other bands 17 and 18. The band is affixed to
and coiled partly around the drum ¼", to which is affixed the smaller
drum, to which is affixed and partly around which is coiled the
band . The other end of this band " is connected to a cord *,
operated to be drawn upon at the time and in the order desired by the

page_text: jacquard or pattern surface. The band 18 is in like manner connected
to and partly coiled round the drum, and this drum has formed on or
affixed to it the smaller drum h" with a band connected to a cord 28,
operated by the jacquard or pattern surface. Thus may the bar / with
its series of small rotatory shuttle boxes or carriers be moved endways
in either direction at pleasure in order to bring the spaces between each
pair of holders ƒ and g opposite the positions for the opening of the sheds
for the passage of the small or swivel shuttles from one box e to another
in the weaving of a desired row of pattern or figures, and then when
that particular row of pattern or figures has been completed the next
row of patterns or figures across the fabric may be produced in the same
line considered now in relation to the length of the piece of fabric or in
any intermediate positions. The hollow axis h³ is also provided with a
squaring piece h, which is acted upon by the spring hammer to steady
the axis after each change. The bar / also by the bearings h⁰ carries
the shaft or axis ", on which are applied a series of pinions * to give
rotary motion by means of the intermediate wheel to the rotary
shuttle carriers e by the teeth of the intermediate wheels 8 taking into
the teeth formed on the boxes e. The bearings for the intermediate
wheels are supported on studs affixed to the brackets f, and which
studs also form the axes of pinions d, which with other pinions d sup-
ported by the brackets g act as intermediate pinions between the teeth
of the bark and the teeth of the respective shuttles so as to impart the
desired motion to the shuttles for the time in the line of the race each
from the chamber of one box to the corresponding chamber of another.
The various pinions are in most of the Figures indicated by simple blue
lines.
Motion is given to the shaft or axis ³¹ for the rotation of the shuttle

page_text: plates h, h, so that when that rod is drawn upon in a downward
direction the shaft or axis " will be caused to move partly round a
distance in one direction equal to bring another line of shuttles in a line
with the race, and in order to produce such partial rotation in the
opposite direction there is another pinion " applied to the shaft or
axis h, and the teeth of this pinion " are taken into by the teeth of a
pinion, which is supported to turn on a fixed stud carried by the
middle bearing *, and on the wheel is also formed a ratchet wheel /**
in position to be acted upon by the driver 750 carried by the lever 75,
which is capable of moving on a stud as an axis of motion also carried
by the bearing, and at its upper end this lever 750 is connected to one
end of the cord or band h, which like the cord passes under one of
the guide pulleys carried by the bar up to one end of another
lever, which also turns upon the fixed stud h, and at its other end is
by a connecting rod * connected to the other of the hooked rods 7" in
order that when that rod is drawn downwards the axis or shaft ³ may
be moved in the opposite direction. Each hooked rod h" passes through
the hooked end of a separate rod acted upon by springs with a
tendency to draw the hooked parts /* thereof of the rods * away from
being acted upon by the lever 7, and either of them is capable of being
moved forward in the order desired by the ☐ levers 7, which are sup-
ported to turn on the axes ², and at their upper ends bear on the hooked
rods ", whilst their other ends are by the cords capable of being
acted upon by the jacquard to move the one or the other of the hooked
rods h" into position for its hook h* to be caught and drawn downwards
by the action thereon of the lever 7, as that lever is actuated by the cam
or tappet affixed on the crank shaft b. The lever 1, as well as other of
the levers used, is borne to its cam or tappet by spring pressure. B is a
spring squaring rod to act on the triangular piece C affixed on the end.
of the axis h³ to hold that axis steady after each partial rotation of the
boxes e.
Endway motion is given to the rack bar & acting by the intermediate
pinions d on the teeth of the respective small shuttles c for the traverse
of those shuttles in either direction in the following manner:-Upon the
bar is affixed the stud kon which rocks the connecting bar ³, one
end of which is connected to a band which passes over a guide

page_text: from the shaft or axis . The other end of this connecting rod k² is
connected to one end of a strap or band " which passes over a similar.
pulley * carried by the other strap h', and at its other end is connected
to the end of an arm / applied to the shaft or axis . The shaft or
axis is also provided with another arm 1, which by a link k" is con-
neoted to one end of one of the levers, and the other shaft or axis k
is also provided with another arms, which by a connecting rod kis
connected to one end of the other lever 13. These two levers 12 turn
on the fixed stud 15, and at their other ends are separately but similarly
acted upon to be lifted by lifting rods k", when the projection or nose /*
of the particular rod is brought into position to be acted upon by the
projection from the lever 18. This lever 18 turns upon the stud k¹
carried by the spring piece k, and is acted upon for movement by the
eccentric k affixed on the crank shaft b. The hooked rods 10 are acted
upon when desired to move one or the other of them with its nose to be
caught by the projection " from the lever 18 by means of the lever
arms applied to the separate axes, which are formed with other
arms ¼”, the outer ends of which are by cords or bands " connected to
be operated by the jacquard or pattern surface.
By these means the bar k may be caused to make a traverse in cither
direction for the traverse of the row of shuttles and the shooting of the
weft thercof through the sheds opened for that purpose. 2, 2, are pro-
jections carried by the bar h to receive adjustable screw stops z¹ to act
on the projection applied to the bar k, and form adjustable stops to
the movement of the bar k. We apply leather or other suitable elastic
material to the surfaces of this projection /*.
After cach traverse of the bar k it is held correctly in position by the
stud being embraced by one or other of the notches m¹ in the lever m,
which is supported for this purpose to turn on a stud m² carried by the
bar . This lever m is borne downwards with a tendency to keep its
notches bearing on the stud ¹ by means of the spring m*, and it is
raised to release the stud by means of the tappet mo affixed on the
crank shaft b acting on the truck or bowl mª carried by the lever m³,
which by spring pressure is borne to that tappet, and at one end it turns
upon the axis m³, whilst at its other end it is connected to one end of the
cord or band m³ which passes up over the guide pulleys m¹, and at its
other end is connected to the lever m for lifting that lever. The bar i is

page_text: guided in position with capability for its motion in a somewhat vertical
direction only by its ends being embraced by the slotted guide pieces ', ',
affixed to the top rail y¹ of the batten or beat-up y. The object of this
capability is that when the ornamental or figuring shuttles have thrown
their shoot, they, with the parts acting with them, may be lifted out of
the way for the clear forming of the sheds and the free action of the
shuttles for laying-in of weft for the weaving of the ground or body of
the fabric.
These movements up and down out of or into position for work in a
somewhat vertical direction of the parts carrying these small or fancy
shuttles are effected in the following manner:-The bar i is, by means of
the connecting rods n, connected to arms n' affixed to the axis n³, which
axis n is supported to rock in fixed and stationary bearings 1ª, and on
the shaft or axis n³ is also applied another arm n³, which by a connecting
rod n is connected to another arm no affixed to the shaft or axis n', which
is supported to rock in fixed bearings carried by the main framing,
and has also affixed to it the arm n³, and this arm n' is formed with a
slotted opening in it to receive a pin n¹ carried by the upper end of the
sliding barn. This sliding bar n¹¹ is guided in position by passing
between the two roller guides n¹² and through a slot formed for it in the
plate n*, and it is borne with a tendency downwards by means of a
spring n¹³, but it is capable of being lifted by the cam or tappet n¹
applied on the crank shaft b acting on the truck or bowl 12¹ carried by
that rod. When the cam n¹ has acted on the rod to lift it, and
thereby to lift the rod i and all the parts carried thereby, and so long as
it is intended to keep them raised out of the way for the opening of the
ordinary shed for the body or ground of the fabric, and the laying-in of
the ordinary weft thereto a bolt o is brought into action by spring
pressure, and its end o³ is allowed to pass into a hole formed for it in the
rod n. This bolt o is released from the rod n¹¹ by a cord o² from the
jacquard apparatus acting on one end of the L lever 03, which turns
upon the fixed stud of and at its other end embraces by its slotted
opening the stud o³ carried by the sliding bolt o.
p is the lay board which is formed capable of movement as indicated
by being affixed to rods p', p², cach of which is guided with capability
of movement, so that at one time the lay board p may be raised into a
line with the ordinary race for the traverse of the ordinary shuttles of

page_text: the loom, and at another time it may be depressed for the better action
of the parts carrying the swivel shuttles. This lay board p is acted
upon in order to its being raised by springs p³ acting on adjustable stops
affixed on the rods p', p', and it is depressed by being borne upon by the
pieces p, p, affixed to the straps in the descent of the bar i with the
parts carried thereby, and when those parts again rise the springs p²
operate to raise the lay board p in a line with the ordinary shuttle boxes
at the ends of the race. When forming the sheds for the laying-in of
the figure weft by the small or swivel shuttles, the lower half of the
shed is carried down lower than when forming the sheds for the weft of
the ground or body of the fabric. The horns or projections f' and 9° to
the brackets ƒ and g act as guides to the weft from the small or swivel
shuttles.
fare shields to prevent the tect * from acting injuriously on the
warp threads. ³ is a guard to the bracket g at the extreme right hand,
as shown by Figure 17, to prevent the extreme right hand shuttle at
that end from being tilted out of its chamber by the action thercon of
its pinion d.
The ordinary tappet motions for operating the weft of the ground or
body of the fabric arc thrown out of action whilst the small or swivel
shuttles are acting. We effect this by a connecting rod A from the arm
nacting by levers and connecting rods to operate clutch connection
between the tappet shaft and the driving wheel thereto or by other
suitable means.
We will now proceed to describe the second part of our Invention.
Figure 25 shows by outline parts of the end view of a loom with our
improvements under this second head of the Invention applied to it.
Figures 26 and 27 show parts of a front and back view of the same.
Figures 28, 29, 30 and 31 shew parts separately.
q is a rotary box with its series of shuttle chambers supported so that
its shaft or axis may revolve in a hollow bearing carried by the end
framing of the batten in the ordinary way. On this axis is applied
the stud wheel q³ the teeth or studs of which are capable of being acted
upon to turn it and the box in either direction by means of the hooks ¹
at the upper ends of the rods ", which at their lower ends are connected
to the separate levers s. These two levers are of the ordinary kind and

page_text: both turn on the common axis of motion st, and each at its other end
carries three or it may be more than three catch rods t, each of which
is provided with a small lever u so that either of these catch rods is
capable of being borne by one end of its lever u into position to be
caught by one of the projecting knife edges v¹, v³, or v³, standing out on
each side of the lifting lever v. Each lever u turns upon a separate axis
u and whilst one end of it is in position to bear against its catch rod t
its other end is connected to one end of a cord or band u*, the other end
of which is connected to a lever u³ capable of being separately acted
upon by card or other pattern surface operated by the jacquard barrel u*
or by other suitable means.
The lever is supported to turn on a stud v' and is acted upon by a
cam or tappeto affixed on the cam or tappet shaft or axis v³.
w is the spring squaring rod for acting on the star wheel q' to steady
the boxes q by the part u³, at cach time of actionentering a recess q³ of
that star wheel, and we also in some cases extend the parts w³ upwards
as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 31, so that the upper ends of these
parts may also act on opposite horns q³ when the part to¹ is acting in a
recess q. To the lower end of the stem w of this squaring rod w is
applied a pin w³ in position to be acted upon by one end of a lever x,
which is supported to turn on an axis ¹ carried by the end framing of
the batten, and at its other end is by a link a connected to one end of
the lever x, which turns on a fixed stud x, and at its other end is
provided with a truck or bowl a³ acted upon by the cam or tappet
affixed on the shaft vº, by which the pressure of the spring acting on
the rod wo is removed at the time of change of shuttle by partial
rotation of the box q.
Having thus described our Invention, and means which we adopt
in carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that wo
do not confine ourselves to the precise details described, as variations
may be made in the same without departing from.the peculiar character
of our Invention, but what we do claim is,―
Firstly. The adaptation or combination of parts forming apparatus
whereby small or swivel shuttles may be supported in boxes or carriers
having one or more shuttle chambers, such boxes or carriers being
capable of rotation so as to bring the required chambers in a line for the

page_text: traverse of the desired shuttles through the sheds formed for them, and
whereby the position of action of the shuttles may be varied for the
production of variable ornamental effects in weaving, substantially
as described.
Secondly. We claim the adaptation or combination of means for
effecting changes in the order of selection of shuttles when employing
rotary shuttle boxes, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Bottomley and Michael
Naylor, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 11th day
of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-three.