Improvements in the Production of Motive Power by the Employ- ment of Gas, Steam, and Vapour, and in Apparatus Employed therefor, and for its Utilization.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1889-Accepted, 7th Sept., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Motive Power by the Employ-
ment of Gas, Steam, and Vapour, and in Apparatus Employed
therefor, and for its Utilization.
j
I CHARLES TELLIER of 20 Rue Felicien-David, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
.
This. invention relates to improvements, in and in apparatus for the production of
motive power in an economical manner, by the simultaneous employment of com-
bustible gases, water-steam and ammoniacal vapour.
In order to render the following description more clear, I will briefly indicate the..
three groups of parts employed for each of the above described fluids, the concordance
of which will be shewn by the description.
The first group comprises, an apparatus in which the combustible is transforme i
into gas, or re-heater suction and force pumps and a cylinder underneath the piston
of which the gases are burned, during one half of its double stroke. "
The second group comprises the apparatus in which the combustion of the coal, or
other combustible is effected, the escaping heat of which acting on a boiler which
surrounds it produces water steam, the motor cylinder utilizing the clastic force of
that steam during the second half of the double stroke of the piston and the
apparatus in connection for effecting the exchange of temperaturei
The third group comprises, the apparatus in which the combustion of the coal is
effected, the heat of which super-heats gaseous ammonia extracted, under pressure
from an ammoniacal solution, a cylinder under, the piston of which the pressure of
the gas acts, apparatuses in which the change of temperature is effected and those
in which the reconstitution of the ammoniacal solution is effected.
In the accompanying drawings figure 1 is a general plan of the apparatus showing
the direct and inseparable relation of the different parts employed.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the gas producer the section being taken on the
line 1, 2 of fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a section of the gas producer, on the line F", F", of Fig. 2.
Figure 4 is a section of the lower part of a gas producer worked without a
water pit.
+
Figure 5 is an exterior view of the motor taken from the position indicated by
linè 3, 4 of fig. 1.
1
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of the motor-cylinders, the section being taken
on the line 5, 6 of Fig. 1. Figure 6 is a section showing a lighting hole and
stopper.
Figure 7 is a sectional elevation of the compression pumps the section being taken
on the line 7, 8 of fig. 1.
Figure 8 is a sectional view of the re-heaters the section being taken on the
line 9, 10 of fig. 1.
Figure 9 is a view partly in section of the water floats and the ammoniacal
re-heaters, the section being taken on the line 11, 12 of fig. 1.
Figures 10 and 10bs are a view partly in section on the line 13-14 of fig. 1 of the
ammonia absorber (half of this apparatus being shown in fig. 10 and the other half in
fig. 10hts).
Figure 11 is a section on the line 15, 16, 17, 18 of fig. 1.
Having illustrated in figure 1 the connection which exists between the different
parts of the apparatus, whereby a complete arrangement is provided conducing to
the object aimed at, that is to say, to the economical production of motive power,
I will now describe the different parts of which the apparatus is composed.

page_text: Figure 2 is a vertical section of the part of the apparatus in which the decom-
position of the fuel and the vaporization and superheating of the vapours are
produced.
It consists principally of a double annular jacket A A A A, B B B B, supported by
several columns, two of which are shown at C, C.
This double jacket is closed at the top and bottom by platos DD, EE, so as to
form an annular boiler, the resistance of which will be sufficient to withstand a
pressure of several atmospheres.
In the central space of the said annular boiler A B, A B, BA, BA is a chamber
or retort of refractory clay the sides of which are shewn in section at F F.
In the annular space left between the retort F F and the boiler A B, A B, BA, BA,
are two tubular coils GG and 0'0'0'0', the use of which will be hereinafter
described.
The whole of the annular space left between the retort F F and the annular boiler,
is filled with powdered chalk or other pulverulent substance.
A double result is thus obtained.
The first is the perfect isolation of the heating apparatus.
The second the stopping up of the orifices which are produced under the action
of the fire in the retort FF and consequently the stoppage of the passages of air
which would otherwise be produced and transform a portion of the oxide of carbon
gases already obtained into carbonic acid.
At the side of the apparatus is a bucket chain HH, which continually raises the
fuel from a pit I and discharges it at the upper part of the apparatus into a
hopper J.
The fuel is thus fed into the retort K, in a continuous manner, but as, in con-
sequence of this constant supply, the fuel would become heaped up in a conical form
in the interior of the retort K, I provide a rake L or regulator having a continuous
circular and plunging movement which spreads and regulates the fuel, as fast as
it is fed into the apparatus.
This regulator is formed by a scrow with a double or right and left hand thread,
operated by the apparatus itself, through the medium of a chain M, M.
It will be easily understood, that by reason of this continuous rotary and plunging
action the coal becomes sufficiently spread over the whole surface of the retort K,
and at the same time sufficiently heaped up to prevent the formation of passages
or fissures in the fuel while working. The retort is besides larger at the top than
at the bottom, so as to force the fuel to unite as fast as it descends-Under the
influence of the current of gas which takes place constantly through the pump a
(fig. 5) as hereinafter described, air replacing the gas extracted enters constantly
through the upper part of the retort K which contains free air and supports the
combustion. In this combustion the flames are turned backward, and consequently
the current of burnt air descends and traverses a whole length of the retort K,
passing through the mass of fuel contained in the retort. This fuel arrives red hot,
and the carbonic acid at first produced is consequently decomposed and a mixture
of nitrogen and combustible gases combined with the cinders or ashes are received
in the lower part N. The decomposing action of the fuel is assisted by a current
of vapours which coming from the vapour chamber O, enters the coil G G, through
the passage PPPP, becomes super-heated therein, and enters the retort K through
several injectors. One of these injectors is shown in section at Q. The delivery
opening of another injector Q is shown in the same resort K.
The gases thus produced and descending with the cinders into the lower part N
still have a very high temperature.
In order to withdraw from them the heat thus carried away as well as that of
the cinders, the space N is fitted with a sufficient number of water-circulating
tubes RR.
The straight tube is partially in section, and shows how these tubes are flanged
or riveted on to the boiler A B A B BA BA and consequently they are always filled
with a current of water. The circulation thus produced draws Lack into the said

page_text: boiler the steam which is formed by the passage of the water, through the tubes R, R
and prevents the latter from burning.
The great number of these tubes R, R presents a considerable amount of surface
which always allows of readily absorbing the caloric brought into contact therewith.
Figure 3 shows at R, R, R, R, the general arrangement of these tubes. It will be
readily seen that they form a kind of grating, across which pass the escaping gases,
whilst the cindors sliding along the said tubes, pass through the tubular extension S,
fig. 2 and fall to the bottom of the pit T T filled with water to the level U U.
The gas having passed across the tubular grating R R enters the annular
space VV, in which is a super-heater W W W W, for ammoniacal gas.
The gases produced enter a series of tubes X X, surrounded by the water in the
boiler A B, A B, BA, BA; and are thus conducted into the annular chamber X A, XA,
thence by means of a short tube Y Y, they are conducted into another chamber Z.
Here they still possess a certain quantity of heat, as the water in the boiler A B,
A B, BA, BA, is boiling at a pressure of several atmospheres.
In order to abstract the quantity of heat thus retained by the gases, I cause them to
descend through a series of tubes, three of which are shown at A' A¹ A¹, these tubes
are enclosed within a re-heater B' B₁ B' B₁ serving to heat the feed water which
enters through the tube CC, rises to the top of the re-heater and absorbing all tho
caloric from the tubes A¹ A¹ A', and finally the water passes off through the tube D¹ D'
and is fed into the boiler A B, A B, BA, B A. In this manner the caloric of the
gases which are passing to the motor is abstracted in a methodical and continuous
way, the gases by the time they pass into the casing E' having become cool.
This casing has for object to cause the dust drawn along by the gases to be
precipitated into the water contained in the open cylinder F¹, and consequently to
accumulate in the base G'G'G', from which they can be extracted through the openings
therein, whilst the gases rise through the annular space H H between the casing E',
(which can be perforated throughout its length) and the side of the cylinder F.
The said space leads to the outlet orifice I', to which is attached a tube J¹ passing
to the compression pump a fig. 5.
Thus atmospheric air enters through the upper part of the retort K and passes
through the same from top to bottom. All the coal becomes decomposed and the
products of this decomposition pass through the tubular grating R, R, and through
the tubes X, X, and accumulate in the annular box X A, XA; thence through the
tube Y Y; the gases reach the chamber Z, pass through the tubes A', A', A', into the
casing E, escape through the annular space H¹, H, and through the orifice I' and
the tube J¹ to the pump a fig. 5. The production of the steam therefore takes place
in the annular boiler A B, A B, B A, B A, and the re-heater B' B₁ B¹ B¹.
The steam produced in the annular boiler escapes through the tube K¹ K¹
terminating in the drainer O.
The steam formed in the reheater B' B' B' B' passes off through the tube L' L'
which also terminates in the drainer O.
The water drawn along by the steam drips into the drainer O, and through the
medium of the return pipe M' M' M' again enters the re-heater B¹ B B¹ B¹. The
steam which accumulates in the drainer O, escapes through a cock and tube N¹, shown
also in fig. 8, and fitted in a drainer e, e, and extending into the interior thereof;
representing the extension. The water-steam is thus brought into the said
drainer and is then passed into a super-heater A¹, fig. 8, to be utilized by the motor
cylinder.
The steam thus produced could be caused before its leaving the gas producer to
pass into a coil O¹ 01 01 01, fig. 2, arranged around the retort K. The result of this
operation would be to dry the steam, and consequently to bring it into the super-
heater A fig. 8 in a vesicular state and free from water. In this case the tube N¹
would be joined to the orifice P¹ of the coil 0' 0' 01 0', and the tube leading to the
motor would be joined at Q' to the said coil. The tube which would be employed in
this case, is not indicated on the drawing. The steam under these conditions, being

page_text: sufficiently dry, it would be useless to cause it to pass through the drainer ell ell
fig. 8, it being more simple to conduct it directly to the super-heater A through a
tube at the lower end of the tube f f fig. 8.
Another tube R placed on the drainer O, allows of the steam being used for three
different purposes.
Firstly, the tube P P P P conducts the steam into the super heating coil G G, this
steam is intended to be decomposed and the cock S' allows of regulating its flow.
The second use to which the steam is put, is only occasional, namely to effect the
cleaning of the tubes XX, for this purpose a cock T placed on the pipe P allows of
regulating the entry of the steam into the vapour chamber X A, X A and then into
the tubes XX-By this means the steam is driven through the tubes and thereby
cleans them, the apparatus consequently always remaining in good working order.
The third use for the steam consists in injecting it into the flue U¹. As a matter
of fact when the apparatus is working the action of the pump a fig. 5, is sufficient
to maintain the combustion but during the night, a natural draught is necessary to
keep the gas producer alight, so that it may be in working order in the morning.
For this purpose a valve V₁ surmounted by a flue U is placed on one of the sides
of the apparatus. In this flue is an injector W¹ which is connected to the cock Y'
through the medium of the tube X¹ X'X'.
In order to make use of the flue it is only necessary to open the cock Y¹ which
supplies the injector W', then by means of the hand-wheel ZZ, to unscrew the
stopper AA of the valve VI when a draught will immediately be established
through the flue U₁ at the proper moment for setting the motor in operation.
The cinders or slag mixed with coke, fall on to the double inclined plane B" B",
which is immersed in the water contained in the pit T, T, and is removed there-
from by a hand-dredger or by a dredger actuated by the motor. When the slag
and coke have been brought on to the surface of the ground, they are separated
and the coke is made use of in the apparatus, whilst the scoria is thrown away.
The water is not absolutely indispensable, as the scoria can be removed inter-
mittently, and without requiring any hydraulic closing.
Figure 4 illustrates the lower part of a gas producer worked under these conditions.
By opening the covers, from time to time a quantity of coke mixed with scoria
can be withdrawn, which allows of the apparatus working for five or six hours,
without it being necessary to make a fresh withdrawal.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the gas-producer on the line F, F. It shows
clearly.
1. The tubes XX placed in the annular boiler A B, A B, BA, BA.
2. The annular grating formed by the tubes R, R, R, R through which a current of
water passes.
3. The tubular extensions G", G", H", H", allowing the scorią or cinders which
have passed over the grating R, R, R, R, to fall into the water in the pit T, T.
4. The re-heater B, B1, with its interior tubes A¹, A' etc.
. The openings G¹ G G G through which the removal of the cinders brought
along by the gases is effected.
6. The valve V₁ with its accessories.
By referring to the plan fig. 1, the gas producer K, will be seen as well as the
tube J through which the combustible gases produced are conveyed away.
I have shown that these gases enter the pump a through the valve figs. 5. and 7.
and fig. 1 shows clearly the tube J' extended to the valve 6 of the pump a.
Figure 7 shows the pump a in section with its suction and exit valves bb, it is
operated by the motor $ shown in fig. 5.
The motor piston is shown at e in fio. 6 together with its rod d keved to the

page_text: into a vessel y fig. 1. shown also in vertical section fig. 9. The gases are conducted
into this vessel through the tube h, as shown in fig. 9. The water which passes into
the pumps provided with calorific chains according to a former patent reaches the
vessel through the tube j. The vessel g is provided with a float he, which serves to
raise the stopper i, so as to allow the water to escape through the tube 1, the gases
accumulate in the upper part of the vessel g, and leave the same through the tube k
figs. 9 and 1.
As shown in fig. 1 the tube kkk, extends to the inlet valve of the motor
cylinder A³, figures 1 and 5. Besides introducing combustible gases into the motor
cylinder A³, it is also necessary to furnish lighting gas, in order to produce the
ignition.
For this purpose I employ a pump m figs. 1, 7 and 8 which is similar to the pump a,
and is likewise actuated by the cross-piece cc, it is situated when looking at fig. 5,
that is to say when the observer occupies the line 3, 4, immediately behind the
pump a.
Figure 8 which supposes the observer to be situated behind the apparatus, that is to
say, on the line 1, 2, fig. 1 shows the rear side of a motor partly in section; for this
reason the pump m, fig. 8 appears to be opposite the side represented by fig. 5, but by
reference to the plan view, fig. 1, the opposite position of the two sides will be clearly
seen, and it will also be seen that the two pumps a, m, are placed one behind the other
as distinctly shown in fig. 7.
The air drawn in by the pump m is compressed and forced out into the float
chamber n figs. 1, 9 and 11. The said air is conducted, as shown in fig. 1, into the
chamber n, by means of the tube o, o, o, shown also in figs. 9 and 11.
The water employed in the pump m, enters the same chamber through the tube p,
figs. 9 and 11. The float q by raising the stopper r, allows the water to run off,
whilst the air accumulating under pressure in the upper part n, escapes through the
tubes shown also in fig. 1, which tube is extended at sss to the inlet valve 1 of the
motor cylinder A3 shown also in fig. 5 tbis valve is in front of the inlet valve & t
fig. 5.
but by
Figure 6 shows the inlet valves 1 and tt, in section. The valve is double acting,
that is to say it prevents the introduction of the gas, by means of the part
means of the spring portion u u, it also prevents the exit of the gases during their
ignition under the piston.
The inlet valve and the outlet valve 1, 1, are actuated by cams figs. 5 and 6
mounted on the motor shaft V4 V4.
This shaft, in rotating causes the cam to pass either over the roller of the
lever or under that of the lever w w. To these levers are attached connecting
rods y za¹¹ c' d' which successively cause the inlet-valves a x¹ x¹ g₁ g¹ h¹ h¹ and
the outer valves ₁₁jk k¹ to operate. Any suitably constructed valve may
be employed in place of those shown.
When the gaseous mixtures have been introduced and the inlet valve aa fig. 6 has
been closed, the mixture must be ignited. This is effected by means of a number of
stoppers placed in suitable parts of the cylinder, and one of which is shown in fig. 6bl
at d, these stoppers are made of porcelain and carry two wires m and o, connected
to a coil or other suitable electric agent; they allow of the spark which ignites the
mixture being produced in the cylinder; by this means the union of the gases
takes place and the movement is given to the motor. In order to assist the operation
of the gases after their combustion I can form a chamber at the end of the corre-
sponding stroke of the piston, by extending the motor cylinder for a few centimeters,
in this case the introduction would take place before the end of the return stroke
of the piston, so that the ignition would be effected at the dead point. The gases,
as they leave the cylinder possess a high degree of temperature by reason of the
resistance of the carbonic oxide to combustion.
This heat manifests itself in two parts: firstly at the periphery of the motor
cylinder and secondly in the gases which have performed their work.

page_text: Below the cock o" is a tube w¹¹, which conducts the cold water to all, that is to
say into the upper part of B where the gases passing through B in the tubes a",
a", al, are the coolest.
The water thus introduced gradually descends in B at the lower part of which is
a short tube y", to which is connected a tube ", leading to an upper short tube u",
and from which extends, a tube a¹¹, leading down to a second feed cock 6 which
through the medium of a tube communicates with the lower part of the boiler C
In this manner the water leaves the re-heater B through an overflow formed by the
tube and the re-heater B is always full of water and its surfaces are utilized to
the fullest possible extent.
The chamber C is filled with water up to the level of the vapour tube d", a,
and consequently the whole surface of the tubes y' y' are employed in as complete a
manner as possible and in fact it is a mixture of water and vapor which leaves through
the tube dail
In order to separate these two bodies I lead the tube into the chamber e,
e. The vapor leaves through the tube f, and passes to the super-heater Ai
whilst the water is brought back through the tube g₁f g into the lower part of the
boilor C
Another tube, 111, N1 shown on the separator e, e" is in direct communication
as already indicated with the vapor tube N¹ leading from the gas producer figs. 1
and 2.
The vapor brought by the tube ff", into the super-heater A" entirely fills
it, it then receives the intense calorific action produced by the passage of the burned
gases through the tubes w¹, w¹. The vapor thus super-heated passes off through the
opening K which by means of a tube (shown also in figure 6) is in communi-
cation with a valve x¹¹.
It will be seen by reference to figure 6 that the pistone working in the cylinder a¹¹¹,
has two different actions.
When the piston e is acted upon from beneath the mixture of combustible gases is
the operating medium; when on the other hand it is operated from above the super-
heated vapor produces the motive action.
In this cylinder A are thus utilized two of the actions which I desire to combine
so as to twice utilized the heat, videlicet:
1. The combustion of the gases.
2. The pressure of the water steam produced by the various exchanges of heat
above referred to.
It is possible that a carbonaceous deposit might be produced in the motor cylinder
at the side at which the combustible gases enter which deposit accumulating in layers
would be liable to smoulder and thereby prematurely cause the combustion of the
gases before the closing of the inlet. To prevent this it is only necessary to arrange
the machine so that one side of the piston shall be acted upon alternately by gas
and vapor and the passage of the latter will remove the layer of carbonaceous deposit
leaving the apparatus perfectly clean.
I will now explain how the third action namely that of the ammonia takes place.
As shewn in figure 6 the water steam passes off through the outlet valve b', ', from
which extends a tube m, surmounted by a tube shewn also in figure 8. This
tuben leads to the cap " of the re-heater ", " which is formed in one piece
and as shewn at the cut away part o", o, is provided with tubes through which the
vapor passes into the lower chamber p
111
Up to about the middle of the re-heater j", that is to say to the level of the
line qqthe apparatus is filled with an ammoniacal solution, and it then
produces two effects under the influence of the steam produced by the waste heat.
The first is the separation of the ammoniacal gas from its solution; the second its
separation from the water brought along and its super-heating in the upper part of
the apparatus, above the line q, q; ammoniacal gas is thus formed which
passes off through the tube

page_text: The super-heating by water steam alone of the ammonia not being sumciently
intense to allow of profiting by all of its elastic and mechanical properties I extend
the pipe to the opening, fig. 2, of the coil.
This coil is continuously submitted to the action of the heat of the gas producer,
it therefore allows the super-heating of the ammonia which leaves at the end s³ and
passes through the tubes, s, shewn also in fig. 6.
The tube connects the inlet valves, ', ', g', g³, of the cylinder t¹,
The piston is connected by its rod 1, with the cross-piece c, in which also
engages the rod d of the piston e.
A firmness and regularity of movement is thus obtained throughout the whole
apparatus.
The ammoniacal vapours having performed their work pass off through the outlet
valves k, k, j, j and then pass through the tube w", 2011.
The water steam arrives at p¹, fig. 8 in the bottom of the re-heater 1", "j".
As a very important vaporisation is produced in this re-heater since all the water
steam is condensed and collected in the chamber 11, the said water is drawn up
through the medium of the tube ³ through the valve y³ which by means of the
tube conducts the products of this condensation through the general feed
pipe m", m, m" there really remains in the chamber p" only air mixed with a
little vapor which must be constantly drawn off. For this purpose a pipe a, a,
a, conducts this air saturated with vapor into the pneumatic pump, This
pump which may be of any suitable construction being constantly driven by the
motor keeps the apparatus empty the steam which acts in the apparatus is completely
condensed after the work which causes an almost perfect vacuum to exist above the
piston e fig. 6, while it is rising and consequently the expanding gases which operate
the piston act without, back pressure.
As it is impossible to obtain a perfectly tight piston it is certain that a small
quantity of explosive mixture will escape at each operation and will pass into the
water steam employed. It is this mixture which is drawn in by the pneumatic
pump,, it can be collected by placing a gasometer above the outlet opening
of the outlet pipe of the pump 6,
The expelled gases thus accumulate in the cover of the said gasometer and if this
cover be placed in communication with the gas pump a figs. 5 and 7 or with the air
pump m, figs. 1, 7 and 8, it will be readily seen that the said gases are taken back
into general circulation.
The ammoniacal vapours which have performed their work and are left in the
tube W W Wm fig. 6 and which should be condensed are brought into the
apparatus shewn in figure 10 in which a tube W is shewn leading to a dis-
tributor figs. 10 and 11 which by means of the tubes d", d, d™,
dud, conduct the ammoniacal vapours into an ammoniacal condenser e,
gunni
>
This condenser contains an ammoniacal solution constantly cooled by a. current of
water which enters through the tubo f and traverses all the tubes 9, 9, 9,
g in the apparatus; these tubes all open into the cap or cover, and the water
thus introduced into the said cap or cover , passes off through the tube
carrying away all the caloric of condensation which allows of the continuous absorption
of the ammonia.
In order that this absorption shall be continuous a constant current of solution
must be introduced into the apparatus and must be extracted after saturation.
If this current be taken from the base of the re-heater ", " figure 8 through the
tube, it will be understood that this solution is hot and it is necessary that it
should reach the absorber ", "
in a cool condition. On the other
hand it will be necessary in order to produce a constant current of ammoniacal
vapours to feed the vaporizing re-heater ",", fig. 8.
To obtain this double result I operate by way of exchange as illustrated in fig. 9.
This figure shows the tube placed at the base of the re-heater 21" (fig. 8).

page_text: The ammoniacal solution leaving the said re-heater enters the upper part of the
The solution
re-heater, and surrounds the tubes 65, 66, 65, contained therein.
completely fills the reheater, and passing off through a tube 1 it enters a second
re-heater m², it then passes through the tube n', and fills the third re-heater o¹ and
finally leaves through the tube p
The filling of the re-heaters is assisted by an air tube 4, 4, provided with a blow-
off cock. The tube pt conducts the solution coming from the re-heater ", j", fig. 8
to the pump & by the means hereinafter described.
:
This pump
is double acting; the upper chamber, (that is to say) that situated above
the piston) is provided with a slide valve as shewn in fig. 9: it can then receive
liquid under pressure and deliver it into an apparatus without pressure which is what
I require because the solution leaving the re-heater figure 8 under pressure
On
passes to the absorber 1 (fig. 10) which possesses a relative vacuum.
the other hand the lower chamber of the pump is provided with a suction and
force valve t, it is therefore able to draw in the solution contained in the
condenser el, ei fig. 10 and to force it into the re-heater (fig. 8) where
the ammonia is under pressure. The ammoniacal solution leaves the absorber el
el, through the tube 1 fig. 10 extending to the short tube v¹ (fig. 9) of the
pump $4.
e111111
This pump therefore draws in ammoniacal solution from the absorber el
el, (fig. 10) then forces it through the tube 11, 2011 to the base of the
re-heater of the solution rises through the tubes of the re-heater up into the cap
or cover thence through a tube y₁, y, it returns to the base of the re-heater m².
>
It also travels through this re-heater by rising in the interior of the tubes which it
contains, reaches the cap or cover and passes off through the tube a; it then
rises through the tubes 66, 65, 6 into the cap or cover which it leaves through
the tube which conducts the re-constituted solution into the re-heater
(fig. 8).
?
It will be now readily understood that this solution arrives there in a hot state
since it has been caused to circulate in the tubes of the re-heaters, o*, m³, k which are
surrounded by the solution leaving the re-heater " " (fig. 8) in a hot state and
consequently the latter becomes cooled.
I could introduce this solution into the absorber ele" directly it egresses from
the pumps fig. 9; but as it is important to cool it as completely as possible I cause
it as it leaves the pumps to pass through the tube e fig. 9 (see also fig. 10)
attached to the cap or cover f of the re-heater gl, g; the tubes
contained in this re-heater are surrounded by a current of cold water which enters
through, and leaves through 111; the solution is then completely cool when it
arrives in the cap or cover Kiff whence it leaves through the tube 1,, and is
distributed by means of a rose-head m¹ on to carbon or coke contained in a
chamber This arrangement has for object to absorb the ammoniacal vapours
which would have escaped during the absorption and which are brought into the
chambers through the tube o; the openings p¹, p" allow the entry of
the solution into the absorber el eli
The chamber is a washer containing water in which air is forced from a
cock by means of a vacuum pump 6, & fig. 8.
The pump u fig. 9 is a water pump serving any required purpose for use in the
apparatus.
The cycle of operations above described of the ammonia completes the triple motive
action which I bave produced by means of the heat from the gas producer and it is
by these combined means that I am enabled to produce motive power under conditions
of economy not hitherto discovered.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and the manner of
performing the same I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The process herein described allowing of economically obtaining motive
R

page_text: power by the simultaneous employment beneath two or more connected pistons
of combustible gases. water steam and ammoniacal vapour produced in the apparatus
itself.
2. The combination with an apparatus for producing combustible gases of a heat
exchanger or re-heater, suction and force pumps and a motor piston arranged and
operating as herein before described.
3. The combination with an apparatus for producing combustible gases of a boiler
surrounding the said apparatus, a motor piston and heat exchangers or re-heaters
arranged and operating as hereinbefore described.
4. The combination with a vaporizer for producing ammoniacal vapors of a motor
piston in communication therewith, a coil located in the apparatus for producing
combustible gases and re-heaters and condensers for reconstituting the ammoniacal
solution the whole arranged and operating as herein before described.
5. The herein described apparatus for effecting a continuous feed of the fuel.
6. The arrangement of exterior boiler for utilizing the waste heat of the apparatus
for producing combustible gases in order to produce water steam under pressure as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7. The arrangement of apparatus for re-heating the feed water as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
8. The arrangement of the lower part of the apparatus for producing combustible
gases for the purpose of effecting a continuous extraction of the cinders and scoria and
the employment of lateral water circulating tubes.
9. The arrangement of draught flue for the purpose of preventing explosions.
10. The arrangement of parts serving to superheat the injected steam.
11. The arrangement of automatic fuel regulator as herein before described.
12. The arrangement of apparatus for producing gases and the combination
therowith of the parts hereinbefore described having for object the production of
carbonic oxide mixed with carburetted hydrogen, the cooling of the said gases, the
production of water steam under pressure and the reheating of the said water steam
as well as the ammoniacal vapour.
13. The alternate employment of water steam, and gases beneath one side of the
piston for the purpose of removing the deposits which might cause premature ignition
of the gases as herein before described.
14. The arrangement of jacket around the motor cylinder for utilizing the
radiating heat for producing water steam under pressure.
15. In an apparatus in which combustible gases and water steam are simultaneously
employed for the production of motive power the successive utilization of the heat of
the escaping, gases for superheating the water steam, for producing water steam and
finally for reheating the feed water as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
16. The, arrangements hereinbefore described for employing water steam for
producing pressure, under the piston during the combustion of the gases as herein before
described.
17. In an apparatus in which motive power is produced by the simultaneous
employment of combustible gases, water steam and ammoniacal vapour the combination
of parts allowing of the employment of the latent heat of the water steam for separating
the ammonia from its solution and for superheating the same.
18. The arrangement which allows of employing the heat radiating from the gas
producer for the purpose of superheating the ammoniacal vapor.
19. The herein described arrangement allowing of bringing the gases which escape
around the piston back into circulation.
.20. The arrangement of apparatus for regulating the water feed.
21. The employment in the, motor cylinder of super-heated and, compressed air
instead of water steam as hereinbefore described.
22. The arrangement allowing of utilizing the vacuum produced by the cooling of
the expelled gases after their action under the piston.

page_text: 23. The combination of the pneumatic pump and the outlet valves which allow of
utilizing the diminution of pressure of the gases after their action under the piston.
24. Lengthening the motor cylinder at the side where the gases enter, beyond the
end of the stroke of the piston thereby allowing of charging the machine with
combustible gasos by means of the compression pumps in order that the ignition may
take place at about the dead point.
Date 20th
of AL 1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.