Improvements in and relating to Ceilings, Walls, Conduits, and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 30th Apr., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Ceilings, Walls, Conduits, and
the like.
I, GOTTFRIED GEPPERT, of the Firm Haüsler and Geppert, of 22, Nicolaistrasse,
Breslau, Germany, Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention concerns a ceiling constructed with grooved flags, allow-
ing the suppression of all intermediary supports and the avoiding of the continuity
of the joints.
The ceilings constructed with these flags are very strong and offer besides, the
advantage of being absolutely water tight which has not yet been realized with
other ceilings in stone.
This result is obtained by fitting together two superposed rows of suitable flags
in such a way that the joints of the upper course do not coincide with those of
the lower course.
In the annexed drawing:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a part of the ceiling.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same ceiling.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the same.
Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are detailed views showing a flag and parts of a flag used for
the construction of the ceiling.
In the different figures the same letters indicate corresponding parts.
A are the iron joists, B indicates the grooved flags, C the reversed T irons
sustaining the flags, a indicates the groove and b the tenons formed by this groove.
The flags B used for the construction of this ceiling have one of their large
faces grooved in such a way that the groove a is half as wide as the width of the
flag, and forms two tenons 6 on the edge of the latter, the width of these tenons
being half the width of the groove a.
The ceiling is formed of flags B arranged in two superposed rows whose lateral
edges rest on the iron joists A, and whose extreme edges rest on the reversed
Tirons C.
The flags B of the upper course have their plane surface turned upwards whilst
the surface of the lower flags which is not grooved, is turned downwards so that
the tenons 6 of the upper flags fit into the grooves a of the lower flags and vice
versa, the tenons fitting into each groove belonging to different flags joined
together by their lateral sides; moreover, in order that the transverse joints of
the upper course might not coincide with those of the lower course, each upper
transverse row of flags B rests upon two lower rows, in such a way that the joint
of the two latter rows corresponds with the middle of the upper row.
The extremities and corners of each bay are respectively formed with halves
and quarters of flags or with any part of a flag of a suitable shape; see Figs. 4, 56
and 7.

page_text: The joining of the flags is done with mortar composed preferably of one part
of cement, three parts of sand and one part of cement mortar.
The ceiling thus constructed offers a great resistance resulting from the fitting
together of the flags and from their joining by means of mortar; moreover, owing
to the arrangement of the flags B of the upper course with respect to that of the
lower course, the joints of the former do not correspond with those of the latter
and the ceiling is perfectly water-tight.
The tenons 6 of the flags B may also form an obtuse or acute angle with the groove
instead of a right angle and the flags B may have square, rounded or chamfered
edges and be moulded or chamfered in any suitable way.
These flags may, moreover, be used for the construction of walls and the like
also for tubing when they are arched; moreover, they may be made of stone,
cement or any other suitable matter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
--
1) In a ceiling, the combination of flags in stone or any other suitable matter,
provided with a groove on one of their largest faces, the said groove forming two
tenons on the edges of the flag, and the said flags being arranged in two super-
posed courses and in such a way that the tenons of the upper flags are fitted into
the grooves of the lower flags and vice versa, the tenons fitted into each groove
belonging to different flags joined together by their lateral sides, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
2) In a ceiling the combination of flags having grooves and fitting the one into
the other and partial or broken flags to form the extremities of the ceiling substan-
tially as and for the purpose specified.
3) Flags for ceilings, walls, etc. consisting of flat or arched stones provided upon
one face with a groove forming one or two tenons substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
1
2000
L. DUVINAGE,
Patent Agent, 8, Rue des Princes, Brussels, Belgium.