IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING, VENTILATING, AND CHIMNEY COWLS.
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bury, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING, VENTILATING, AND
CHIMNEY COWLS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bury at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on tho 25th March 1876.
JAMES BURY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster.
REVOLVING, VENTILATING, AND CHIMNEY COWLS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The object of this Invention is so to improve the construction of ventilating and
chimney cowls as to effectually prevent down draught, and at the same time to
improve the upward.current of gases passing through such apparatus.
In carrying out my Invention I employ a hollow cone or funnel set in an hori-
zontal direction at the opposite end of the head of the cowl to that at which the
outlet is situated, and, by preference, opening into a spherical chamber. The
smaller end of this funnel being so situated over the vertical shaft as that a current
of air shall be induced to pass through this funnel whatever may be the direction
in which the wind is blowing, and to escape at the ordinary outlet, meanwhile
inducing a current up the vertical chimney or ventilating shaft. The hollow cone
is provided with a partition plate, which is an essential feature in this Invention,
and serves to prevent any current of wind which may enter the funnel being
deflected again to the outside without passing through the cowl.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Bury in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th September
1876.
JAMES BURY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster.
REVOLVING, VENTILATING, AND CHIMNEY COWLS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Fig. 1 is a side exterior view, and Fig. 2 as side sectional view of a revolving,
ventilating, or chimney cowl, constructed in accordance with my Invention; and
Figs. 3 and 4 respectively are a back view and plan of Figs. 1 and 2.
[Price Gd.]

page_text: Fig. 5 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 6 a side exterior view, of another modi-
fication of my improved ventilating cowl, more particularly adapted for ventilating
purposes on board ship, and for admitting fresh air to apartments as herein-before
described.
In all the views A is the vertical shaft, open at the bottom to the room or other
enclosure requiring to be ventilated, and cominunicating at the upper end with the
horizontal revolving head B. The construction of this head forms the essential
feature of my Invention, and consists especially of a hollow cone or funnel C, the
smaller end of which projects, as illustrated, slightly behind the central line of the
vertical shaft A, or may be extended still furthur with advantage; and the other
or larger end is open to the atmosphere, but is provided with an horizontal partition
plate E.
The outlet end of the head B is also arranged with a partition plate F,
set, by preference, in a vertical direction, and projecting beyond the mouth of the
outlet, as illustrated, in order to present additional surface to the wind, and thus
act as an auxillary to the vane G (or vane wheel herein-after described) in turning
the head in the direction of the wind. These plates E and F play an important
part in strengthening the current passing through the head, and so augmenting the
up-draught through the vertical shaft A, and at the same time effectually prevent
down draught. The plate E serves also, in case of an upward or oblique current of
wind, to deflect the same into the cone and thence through the head.
In some cases, when required, I apply additional partition plates in revolving
heads of my improved ventilators.
In Figs. 5 and 6, H is a vane wheel capable of being rapidly revolved by the
force of the wind, and thus, by means of a worm (I) fixed upon the same spindle
and gearing with the stationary worm wheel (J), serving to turn the revolving head
of the ventilator in the direction of the wind. This modification (Figs. 5 and 6) is
furthur arranged with an outer tube K, the lower extremity of which (as also the
lower extremity of the vertical shaft A) is formed with a bell mouth (see Fig. 5),
and opens into the apartment requiring to be ventilated, whilst the upper extremity
of the outer tube K is open to the atmosphere, but is covered with a moveable
hood L, which, in case of such ventilator being applied on board ship, may be
lowered to the position indicated by dotted lines, so as to effectually close the outer
tube K, for instance, in case of stress of weather.
The action of these ventilators will be readily apparent, the revolving heads
being turned in the proper direction by the action of the wind; a current of air
constantly passes through the hollow cone C, thence through the revolving head,
and finally escaping at the outlet in the direction of the arrows. This horizontal
current tends to produce a vacuum in the vertical shaft, and so induces an upward
current through such vertical shaft, which materially assists the ventilation of any
enclosure to which the ventilator is applied.
When ventilators are provided with an outer tube, as seen in Figs. 5 & 6, fresh
air is caused to descend such outer tube and to enter the room or other apartment
in a horizontal direction, as indicated by the arrows, and thus no ill effects are pro-
duced by down draught or by such fresh air beating down upon the heads of the
occupants of the apartment immediately beneath such ventilator; but in order to
regulate the admission of such fresh air, I provide a sliding grid or other apparatus
by means of which such admission of fresh air may be increased or diminished, or
entirely closed, if requisite.
This construction of ventilator is applicable also as a chimney cowl, and for
removing smoke, steam, and foul air from workshops, sheds, and other enclosures,
and generally for all ventilating purposes.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
Invention, together with the best methods with which I am acquainted for carrying
the same into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise details, relative proportions, or dimensions of the various parts
of the apparatus herein-before described and illustrated on the accompanying

page_text: Drawing, as the same may be considerably varied without departing from the
Invention; and what I particularly claim is
The use of revolving heads to ventilators and chimney cowls when constructed
with a hollow cone and divided by partition plates, substantially as and for the
purposes herein-before described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bury, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our Lord 1876.
JAMES BURY. (L.S.)