A SUBSTITUTE FOR CASTORS FOR FURNITURE
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Telford, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Brassfounder, and James Sanders, of Clifton, in the City and
County of Bristol, Merchant, for the Invention of "A SUBSTITUTE FOR
CASTORS FOR FURNITURE."
Sealed the 17th December 1861, and dated the 22nd August 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Telford and
James Sanders at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents with their
Petition, on the 22nd August 1861.
We, RICHARD TELFORD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass-
founder, and JAMES SANDERS, of Clifton, in the City and County of Bristol,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A SUB-
STITUTE FOR CASTORS FOR FURNITURE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in substituting for ordinary castors with rollers or
balls a kind of shoe with a smooth rounded bottom, such shoe being applied
to furniture in a manner similar to that in which castors have ordinarily been
applied thereto.
The shoe consists of a socket similar to the upper part of the ordinary
castor, in which the leg of the piece of furniture is fixed, and in the lower
part of the socket is inserted a solid piece of metal, earthenware, or other
[Price 8d.]

page_text: material, with a rounded smooth surface at the bottom; the leg or portion of
furniture is thus made to rest on a solid, smooth, and rounded surface instead
dinary caster
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Telford and James Sanders in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 15th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
TELFORD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brassfounder, and
JAMES SANDERS, of Clifton, in the City and County of Bristol, Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Richard Telford and James Sanders, Her special license that
we, the said Richard Telford and James Sanders, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard Telford and
James Sanders, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A SUB-
STITUTE FOR CASTORS FOR FURNITURE," upon the condition (amongst others).
that we, the said Richard Telford and James Sanders, by an instrument in
writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months nex
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard Telford and James Sanders
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manne
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, (that i
to say):-
Our Invention of "A Substitute for Castors for Furniture," consists of

page_text: kind of shoe with a smooth rounded bottom or bearing surface, in substitution
for ordinary castors with rollers or balls, such shoe being applied to furniture
in a manner similar to that in which castors have ordinarily been applied
thereto.
The shoe consists of a socket, similar to the upper part of an ordinary
castor, in which the leg of the piece of furniture is fixed, or a plate screwed
thereto, and a solid piece of metal, earthenware, glass, or other material with
a rounded smooth surface at the bottom inserted in the lower part thereof;
the leg or portion of furniture is thus made to rest on a solid, smooth, and
rounded surface, instead of on the axis of a roller, or on a loose ball of an
ordinary castor.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, we will proceed* to
describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed, by
reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which the said shoe or substitute
for castors is represented.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the shoe, shewing a socket to receive the leg of a
chair or other article of furniture; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same;
and Fig. 3 represents the shoe with a plate to be screwed to the piece of
furniture.
A is the socket intended to receive the leg or other portion of furniture;
or it may be a plate to be fixed to the furniture by screws. B is the solid
piece of metal, earthenware, glass, or other material of a hard nature, and
capable of being formed with a smooth rounded bearing surface, and inserted
in the lower part of the socket or plate A. It is to be observed that the
rounded surface is not part of a circle, as will be seen on reference to the
Drawing. C (Fig. 2) is a shoulder cast on the inside of the socket A,
against the under surface of which the shoe rests when inserted in the socket.
The shoe is united to the socket by cutting a circular groove in the shoe, and
forcing the lower edge of the metal socket into it; but we do not confine
ourselves to this mode of uniting the parts.
In some cases the shoe may be made without a metal socket, and formed
with a projecting plug, to fit into a corresponding hole in the furniture, to
which it may be fixed by means of glue or cement.
It may here be remarked, that our Invention as above described is appli-
cable to other articles of furniture besides those to which castors have been
ordinarily applied.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we claim
as of our Invention is, the adaptation and application to articles of furniture

page_text: of a shoe composed of metal, earthenware, glass, or other material with a
smooth rounded bearing surface, in substitution for ordinary castors, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard Telford and James Sanders,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Eleventh day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness to the signature of Richard
Telford,
A. J. NOCK.
Witness to the signature of James
Sanders,
JOHN HARDMAN HILL.
JAMES SANDERS. (L.S.)