IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE-POTS, TEA-POTS, AND OTHER CULINARY OR PHARMACEUTICAL VESSELS OF THE SAME NATURE
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isidore François Delavier, of Paris, France, Mer-
chant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE-POTS, TEA-POTS, AND
OTHER CULINARY OR PHARMACEUTICAL VESSELS OF THE SAME NATURE."
Sealed the 27th April 1860, and dated the 3rd November 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isidore François Delavier
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd November 1859.
I, ISIDORE FRANÇOIS DELAVIER, of Paris, France, Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE-POTS,
TEA-POTS, AND OTHER CULINARY OR PHARMACEUTICAL VESSELS, OF THE SAME NATURE,"
to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to an improved arrangement of coffee-pot, tea-pot,
or other vessel for submitting coffee, tea, or other similar materials to infusion,
decoction, or extraction, by means of water or any other suitable liquid. The
same consists in forming the said utensils of an inner and an outer vessel of
metal, china, or other suitable material, form, or dimension, the space left open
all round between the two vessels being hermetically sealed up at the top; the
inner vessel is provided with a grate or perforated false bottom, on which are.
laid the materials to be submitted to the action of the liquid, which latter is
put into the open space left between the two vessels, in which open space are

page_text: further situated two bended tubes, provided at the highest part of their bends
with proper stop-cocks, the moveable key of which may be introduced in their
barrel and worked from the outside of the vessel, and which cocks serve for csta-
blishing at the required moment a proper communication between the materials
in the inner vessel and the liquid, or the steam, or vapour arising therefrom
by the effect of the heat applied to the outer vessel by one of the two bent
tubes and by the pressure of the liquid in the space between the two vessels;
part of this liqnid is poured from the top of the inner vessel on the materials
contained therein, which liquid is afterwards drawn off at the funnel-shaped
bottom of this vessel, and carried by the other bent tube to the upper part
of the space between the two vessels. The outer vessel may further be pro-
vided with a proper handle and with a spout and obturator, whereas the inner
vessel may be provided with a moveable lid.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isidore François Delavier in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISIDORE
FRANÇOIS DELAVIER, of Paris, France, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the
year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Isidore François Delavier, Her special licence that I, the said Isidore
François Delavier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Isidore François Delavier, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN COFFEE-POTS, TEA-POTS, AND OTHER CULINARY OR PHARMACEUTICAL
VESSELS OF THE SAME NATURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Isidore François Delavier, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to

page_text: be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isidore François Delavier, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement:-
The Invention relates to an improved apparatus, which may be employed as
coffee-pot, tea-pot, or other culinary or pharmaceutical vessel of the same kind,
for submitting coffee, tea, chocolate, medicinal or other plants, leaves, roots,
barks, or other similar substances, to infusion, extraction, or coction, by means
of water or any other suitable liquid menstruum, a description of which
apparatus, and of its mode of working will be given, referring therein to the
annexed Drawings, in the various Figures of which corresponding parts are
indicated by the same letters of reference.
Figs. 1 and 2 represent respectively an elevation and a vertical sectional
view of an apparatus of a circular form, whereas the Figs. 3 and 4 show
respectively a top and a vertical sectional view of an apparatus of an elongated
or oval shape. The Figs. 5, 6, and 7, show separate parts, viz., Fig. 5 an
elevation view of the regulating cock and adhering tubes, a top view of which
is given in Fig. 6, with the plug of this cock removed from its seat or barrek
of the cock; Fig. 7 shows a modification of this barrel and plug. The appa-
ratus is composed of an inner vessel A, contained within another or exterior
vessel B, both vessels being soldered at the top to a flange or strip C, or they
may be connected by having their overlapping ends kept together by screw
bolts, or by any other suitable means allowing a hermetical junction.. The
outer vessel B serves for receiving the action of the fire, which may be either.
a common fire, a gas lamp, or spirit flame, or any other suitable heating
medium; in the inner vessel A are put the coffee, tea, chocolate, medicinal or:
other plants, leaves, roots, barks, or other materials from which either an
infusion, an extract, or a decoction is to be made by means of water or any
other suitable liquid menstruum; for this purpose this inner vessel A is provided'
with a moveable or fixed perforated false bottom or strainer D; the bottom E
underneath is of a conical shape, to the top of which cone E is soldered, or
otherwise air-tight connected a tube a, the other end of which tube opens into
the barrel M of a regulating cock. A moveable lid F; fits as air-tight as
possible, on a rim f, of the top of the inner vessel A so as, if required, keep
this vessel well closed; towards the upper part of this vessel A the same is
connected to the regulating cock by a short tube b. The outer vessel B may

page_text: be of any suitable shape and size, provided the same may contain, besides the
inner vessel A, the required quantity of liquid, and leave an open space all
round this inner vessel; the lower part of the vessel B is provided with a
spout G, and plug g, as shown in Figs. 1 & 2, or with an egress tube I, with
stop-cock i, (Figs. 3 & 4); the inner vessel A, may, in a like manner, be
provided with a similar spout and plug or egress tube I', and stop-cock i
passing through the outer vessel B, so as to allow of extracting liquid either
from the inner or from the outer vessel at pleasure; the outer vessel B may
further be provided with a handle T, or any other suitable means for tilting
the apparatus, and thus allow of discharging either by the one or the other of
the just-mentioned spouts or egress tubes the liquid contents from the inner
or outer vessel. In the strip C is soldered or secured in any other solid and
air-tight manner the barrel M. of the regulating cock, into which barrel open
besides of the two above-mentioned tubes a and b, two other tubes c and d, the
latter situated just opposite the tube a, and the tube c opposite b, and so as to
form respectively the tube d a prolongation of the tube a and the tube c, a
prolongation of the tube b, while the plug L of the cock is provided in the
ordinary manner with a perforation, by which either a communication between
the tubes a and d, or between those b and c, can be established in such manner
that when the tubes a and d communicate with each other through the aper-
ture of the plug L, the communication between the tubes b and c is interrupted,
while when these latter are put into communication, that between the tubes a
and dis intercepted. Instead of having the openings of the four tubes
situated in the barrel M in one horizontal line, those of the tubes a and d
might be situated a little above those of the tubes b and c, in which case the
plug L of the cock must be provided with two perforations p and q, as shown
in Fig. 7, the perforation p serving for making the tubes a and d, and that q
for making those b and c to communicate. The barrel M is perforated through
its entire length, so as to be open at top and bottom, and to allow, when the
plug L is removed, of pouring liquid into the outer vessel by means of the
said barrel M. The knob P of the plug L projects sufficiently above the
part C as to allow of properly actuating the plug L. Instead of having
only one regulating cock for opening or shutting alternately each pair
of tubes a, d, or b, c, each pair might be fitted to its proper cock situ-
ated at the required distance apart in the flange C, and which might be
arranged in such manner that by turning one cock in the direction required
for opening or shutting its pair of tubes, the other cock be turned in
the opposite direction so as to keep its pair of tubes shut or opened. From

page_text: Figs. 2 & 4 may be observed that the regulating cock is connected to
the conical bottom E of the inner vessel A by the tube a, and to the upper
part of this vessel by the tube b; the tube c is directed towards the bottom of
the vessel B, the distance left between this bottom and the lower opening of
this tube c being calculated in such manner that by this tube only about the
quantity of liquid required for nearly filling the inner vessel A may be poured
over in this latter, and so as to leave constantly a stratum of liquid on the
bottom of the outer vessel B, quantity depending on the relative sizes of the
vessels A and B. The tube d, forming a prolongation or continuation of
the tube a, serves for conducting through this tube a and the aperture of the
the plug L the liquid from the inner vessel A into the outer one B.
The mode of working of the apparatus is as follows:-Supposing the apparatus
is to serve for making an infusion by means of water or other liquid, of tea
leaves, powdered coffee, or other analogous material :-The required quantity
of this latter is laid on the strainer D in the vessel A, and the lid F put on
this latter. The plug L is momentarily removed from out the barrel M of the
regulating cock, and the water or other liquid menstruum is poured through
this barrel M into the outer vessel B, the quantity of liquid depending, of
course, on the size of the vessels and of the quantity of infusion, extract, or
decoction to be made; the plug L is then replaced in the barrel M in such
manner as to keep the tubes a, d, shut, and those b, c, open, that is to say,
have the aperture of the plug L correspond with the barrel openings of these
tubes b, c, the egress tube I, or the spout G, or in case the apparatus is pro-
vided with two spouts or egress tubes both of them are shut by their plugs or
stopcocks, after which heat is applied to the outer vessel, either by putting
the apparatus on an ordinary fire, on a gas or other flame, or by any
other suitable means, so as to bring the liquid in the outer vessel B into
ebullition, when the steam emitted by pressing on this liquid will cause the
same to rise through the tube c, the aperture of the plug L, and the tube b,
into the inner vessel A, where this boiling liquid falls on the materials on the
strainer D, and will continue to do so till the lower end of the tube c ceases to
be immerged in the liquid in the outer vessel B, which will be indicated by
the noise made by the steam in passing through the tubes c, b. The plug Lis
now turned so as to bring its aperture in correspondence with the tubes a, d,
and shut those c, b, and the apparatus being now removed from the fire a
cooling of the outer vessel B will take place, and the steam contained therein
becoming partly or entirely condensed a partial vacuum will be formed in the
interior of this vessel B, in consequence of which the liquid contained in the

page_text: inner vessel A will be forced to pass through the materials on the strainer D,
and caused to rise in the tube a, pass through the aperture of the plug L,
and return by the tube d into the outer vessel B, from where the same may be
discharged by. the egress pipe I, or the spout G, the plug L having been pre-
viously lifted out of the barrel M. during the time required for allowing a suffi-
cient quantity of air to enter into the apparatus. When acting on substances
offering a ready passage for the liquid, such as leaves, roots, or barks in their
natural state, then instead of causing the liquid to return into the outer
vessel B, after having acted on the said substances, the liquid may be drawn
off immediately by the spout or egress pipe of the inner vessel; in which
case the last period of the operation must take place with the tubes b, c, open,
and those a, d, shut, in order to prevent the liquid from returning into the
outer vessel B with substances of the kind just mentioned. The use of the
strainer D might in most cases be dispensed with. The above described
operations of, by heating the outer vessel B cause the liquid from this
vessel to be poured into the inner vessel A by the pipes c, b, and after-
wards, by cooling the outer vessel B, cause the liquid to return from this
inner vessel A into the outer one B, may be repeated as many times as
may be judged proper. In the same manner, instead of causing the whole
bulk of the liquid to be poured at once on the substances in the inner
vessel A, this may be done by small quantities at a time, and allow
the steam to act on the substances in the inner vessel A, thus, for instance,
after having allowed a certain quantity of liquid to pass by means of the
tubes c, b, from the outer vessel B into the inner one A, the plug L may be
turned, so as to shut these tubes c, b, and open those a, d, when, by the action
of the fire, the steam emitted from the liquid in the outer vessel B will pass
through these tubes a, d, and act from underneath on the substances, and the
liquid in the inner vessel A, and thus keep this liquid in a boiling state, thus
allowing of a proper coction of the said substances taking place. The inner
vessel A and the outer one B may be divided by proper partitions into several
compartments, each of them provided with its own regulating cock, tubes, lid,
egress pipe, or spout and plugs, so as to make each of these compartments
form a set of separate inner vessel A and outer vessel B, thus allowing of
making a separate infusion, extract, or decoction in each of these compart-
ments. In this manner also my inner vessel A, with its constituent parts, viz.,
the regulating cock and tubes, lid, and so on, may be applied with more or
less modifications in their forms to tea kettles or other similar apparatuses
in which boiling water is made use of for culinary, pharmaceutical, or other

page_text: similar purposes; thus, for instance, my system of apparatus may be applied
advantageously to the so-called Russian tea kettle with internal flue, this
kettle serving in that case as outer vessel, while several of my inner vessels A
may be arranged therein round the flue. Instead of the fixed or moveable
strainer in the interior of the inner vessel A this latter may be provided in the
interior with a moveable box or basket, suitably perforated and open at the
top, which box is to contain the tea, coffee, or other substances to be acted
upon; this arrangement allows, after the substances have been sufficiently
extracted, of removing the box and replacing the same by another with fresh
substances. Any suitable shape or size may be given to my apparatus, and
the same may be made entirely or in part of iron, tin plate, tinned copper, or
brass, silver, Britannia metal, china, earthenware, glass, or other suitable
metal or material, according to the nature of the substances or materials to be
acted upon, the liquid or menstruum to be made use of, and other circumstances.
When apparatusses of a very large size are to be made use of it will be good
to connect the inner and outer vessels and the various parts in such manner
together that the same may be easily separated from each other, to allow of
cleaning the same, and afterwards rapidly and in an air-tight manner again
fixed together; in such case, instead of soldering or rivetting the various parts
together, it will be better to have them connected together in an air-tight and
solid manner by screw bolts and nuts, or other convenient mode. Apparatusses
of a considerable size may have the series or sets of regulating tubes connected
either in pairs to separate cocks, or applied to one regulating cock, several
repetitions of which may be applied to the same apparatus, or to the com-
partments thereof.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I would observe in
conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself to the precise details or
arrangements which I have had occasion to describe, as many variations may
be made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of
the said Invention; but what I consider to be novel and original, and there-
fore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is, the above described arrangement of coffee-pot, tea-pot, or
other culinary or pharmaceutical apparatus of the same kind, composed of an
inner vessel containing the substances from which an infusion, an extract, or
a decoction is to be made, which vessel is contained within another vessel, the
apparatus being provided with a series of tubes and a regulating cock or cocks,
lid, and egress pipe or pipes, in such manner as to allow, by means of the plug

page_text: of the regulating cock, and as often as requisite, of causing the liquid menstruum
to fall either with or without interruption on the substances contained in the
inner vessel, and to carry the said menstruum back into the outer vessel,
without allowing the exterior air to come in contact with the said substances
and liquid before the infusion, extract, or decoction is prepared.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isidore François Delavier, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
A. G. BRADE.
I. F. DELAVIER. (L.S.)