Year: 1888

page_text: of the water at all States of the .
I, FRANCIS ST. GEORGE CAULFELLD, Civil Engineer, of Taipeng Larut Penang,
Straits Settlements, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
An arrangement of chains or cables attached to the mine and passing through
pulleys securely anchored to the bottom, connected by a chain, cable or hydraulic
appliance to one end of a lever (placed at such a distance from the mine as may be
necessary) working on a fulcrum at the centre of its length, and actuated by a float
attached to its other end.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: g Submerged Mines at a Given Distance from the Surface
of the Water at all States of the Tide.
1, FRANCIS ST. GEORGE CAULFEILD, Civil Engineer, of Taipeng Larut, Penang,
Straits Settlements, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to means of maintaining submerged mines submerged always
to the same depth notwithstanding tidal changes of the water level. For this purpose,
instead of mooring a floating mine to the bottom by chains or cables of fixed length
whereby it would be kept always at the samo distance from the bottom, I pass these
chains under pulleys secured to the mooring and lead them to a float which ascends
and descends with the tide giving out chain when it ascends and drawing in chain
when it descends, and thus causing a corresponding ascent and descent of the
mine.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shews one mode of connecting the mine chain.
to a float in an exposed situation. Fig. 2 shews connection to a protected float in
shore. Fig. 3 is a plan of a mooring for the mine. The float a in Fig. 1 is connected
by a universal joint to one arm of a lever the other arm of which has attached to it
the chain (which passes under a guide pulley and extends to the mooring of the mine,
being supported by floats dat intervals to relieve it from friction on the bottom.
When the tide rises the float a ascends as indicated by the dotted lines, and
the lever gives out chain permitting the mine to ascend to a corresponding
extent.
In Fig. 2 the float a ascends and descends between guides in a well w which
communicates with the open water by a pipe or culvert e.
The mooring shown in Fig. 3 is a frame f secured to the bottom and having
mounted on it guide pulleys g ground which pass chains leading up to the mine,
these chains all passing over a guide roller & and being attached to the chain e leading
to the tidal float. Obviously for the chains may be substituted wire ropes, or in the
parts where flexibility is not required rods may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Connecting a floating mine to a tidal float by chains or their equivalents so arranged
that as the float ascends or descends the mine also ascends or descends to a corre-
sponding extent and is thus maintained at a given distance from the surface of the
water.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1880.