Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, GEORGE EVAN RUTTER of 43 Horsford Road Brixton Hill in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The improvements consist in effectually protecting the air rings or elastic
cushions of tyres from puncture and other evils to which they are at present
liable.
The nature of the invention can be understood by taking a pneumatic tyre of
the ordinary kind, which is an air chamber or reservoir containing compressed air.
It is protected from puncture to some extent by an outer cover.
Around the outside of the tyre I place a band or rim of a suitable metal and
convenient shape either plain or wrinkled and containing the qualities of hardness
lightness and flexibility required. The pneumatic tyre inside this rim is thus
bounded by the wheel on one side and on the outside by the rim.
I may use a pneumatic tyre with separate air tubes which may be charged with
compressed air or not, and they may be used in conjunction with the protecting
rim to give it a required crescent or other convenient shape, to adapt to the shape
of the cover unto which it may press;
elastic solids
These
be used.
may
arrangements would tend to graduate the resiliency and would be preferable to the
ordinary tyre.
or
and
Or the tyre may be formed of separate and distinct sections, each section having
its own air chamber. It also may be protected by a rim or band of suitable metal,
and in a suitable manner as before mentioned.
It will be understood that the metal protection for and the manner of application
to the pneumatic tyre applies to the outside and around the pneumatic tyre. It
may also be placed outside and around the cover of the tyre, or both, if desirable.
Wheels made after the manner of the above description would he specially
suitable for velocipedes, ambulance carriages, and invalid chairs, and could be
applied with advantage to road vehicles generally with slight modifications.
Dated this 15th day of May 1893.
G. E. RUTTER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I GEORGE EVAN RUTTER of 43 Horsford Road Brixton Hill in the County
of Surrey Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in effectually protecting the air rings or elastic cushions of
tyres from puncture and otber evils to which they are at present liable by
providing the bearing part or tread of a pneumatic tyre with a band of a suitable

page_text: metal and of a convenient shape, either flexible or rigid, plain or wrinkled au
containing the qualities of hardness lightness and flexibility required.
I use in conjunction with the protecting band to give it a required crescent o
other suitable shape to adapt it to the shape of the cover against which it presses
separate air tubes which may be charged with compressed air or not
I may
use elastic solids for this purpose.
or
and
The nature of the invention can be understood by taking a pneumatic tyre o
the ordinary kind which is strictly an air chamber or reservoir containing com
pressed air. It is protected to some extent from puncture by a covering which is
generally of considerable thickness at the tread.
Around the bearing portion of this air chamber and for its protection I place a
metallic band specially constructed. The pneumatic tyre is thus bounded by the
rim on one side, and on the outside by the band of metal.
The metal protection for and the manner of application to the pneumatic tyre
applies to between the pneumatic tyre and cover of the tyre. Or the tread of the
cover may be sandwiched between thin metallic bands fastened to each other
through it.
A tyre which may be formed of separate and distinct sections, each section
having its own air chamber may also be protected by a metal band in a similar
manner.
With the aid of the accompanying drawings I will more particularly describe
my invention.
Figure I represents a portion of a band of thin flexible metal with blocks or studs
attached to it.
Figures II III IV and V illustrate some modifications of Figure I.
Figure VI represents a side elevation of the tyre with the metal band inserted
as shown in Figure I.
Figure VII is a sectional view of Figure VI.
Figure VIII represents a side elevation and
Figure IX a cross section of the tyre when the plain band encased in a suitable
protector is used.
In Figure IX A is a thin flat flexible metallic band preferably one inch in width.
The length depends upon the circumference of the tyre and is measured from
around the inside of the centre of the cover. It may be continuous, or the ends
may not be joined, but may overlap each other to about an inch or so (care being
taken that the ends move only in one direction and if necessary can be guided);
which latter arrangement allows for the fullest expansion of the band A when the
air tube B presses it against the cover C. The edges or sides D of the band A are
prevented from injuring the cover C or the air tube B by an india rubber
covering A' (or any other suitable substance may be used) which completely
encases the metal band A.
The band A is placed between the air chamber B and the cover C when the air
chamber B is deflated. Then inflate slightly and see that the band A is well placed
in the centre of the cover C when the air tube B can be fully expanded.
The effect upon the shape of the cover C by the insertion of the band A is
shown in Figure VIII and in Figure IX.
It will be seen that the band A by this arrangement produces on the outside of
the cover C of the tyre a flat tread with somewhat defined edges.
The band A is preferably of less breadth than the rim E which is made broader
than usual, but that portion of the band A. which is for the time in contact with
the ground is extended laterally by the pressure to about the same breadth as the
rim E but the band A can be fitted to and used with every form of detachable
pneumatic tyre which need not necessarily have a flat rim or base but the
constructions as illustrated in Figures VII and IX are preferable to a combination
having a narrow curved base or rim.
In Figure I A is the metallic band and B' B' B¹ B' are blocks or studs of rubber

page_text: (or cork or other suitable material may be used which may be made of any
convenient shape or size) fastened upon the band A at any desired distances
apart.
The objects these pieces of rubber B' B' B' B' have are to form with the flat
metal A a slightly concave shape to fit to the shape of the cover C upon which
they press.
The flexibility of the metal A is thus not in any way reduced; the
thickness of the cover C at the tread can be made much less as a puncture is
impossible and a wrinkle or corrugation with its advantages is impressed upon the
cover C as shown in the Figure VI it being more pronounced under the greater
pressure, as for instance when the cover C for the time is in contact with the
ground.
B₁ in Figure VII represents the shape of the block B¹ in Figure I when under
considerable pressure.
In Figure II the blocks B. B. B. B are similar to the blocks B¹ in Figure I but
are wrinkled.
In Figure III the metallic band A has wrapped around it a strip of rubber B as
shown.
Figure IV is the same as Figure IX but with the addition of a thin strip of
rubber B which is equivalent to thickening the band A' along the centre. The
thickness of the rubber B depends upon the concavity required by the band A' and
will effectually protect the sides D of the band A' from pressing against the
cover C injuriously.
Figure V illustrates a further modification by which the tubes or circular solid
bands B. B. B serve the same purpose as the piece of rubber B in Figure IV and
are held in position by the cover A¹.
The tubes B. B. B which may be of a convenient number size and shape may be filled
with compressed air to any degree. When they are more bighly charged than the
main air chamber the effect is favourable to the efficiency of the tyre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that I am
aware that it has been previously proposed to use flat metallic puncture proof
bands placed between the air tube and the outer cover and I lay no claim to the
use of such bands per se but what I claim is :-
I. The manufacture and use of a detachable metallic band for the prevention of
puncture and other evils to which pneumatic tyres are liable as herein described in
which a flat detachable metallic band is so constructed as to fit the cover of a tyre
against which it presses without injuriously affecting it, while producing on the
outside of the cover a corrugation or indent of any convenient shape and size
substantially as herein before described and represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6,
and 7.
II. A detachable metallic band applicable to any form of detachable pneumatic
tyre as described and represented in combination with elastic solids or air cushions
inserted between the metal and the cover substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 26th day of January 1894.
G. E. RUTTER.