In. PROVED CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACE OR KILN, AND IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE APPLICATION OF GAS FOR HEATING SUCH FURNACE OR KILN, AND ALSO FOR HEATING PURPOSES GENERALLY
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March
1873.
I, GEORGE WOOD, of Oak Bank, Newton-le-Willows, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In.
PROVED CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACE OR KILN, AND IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS
FOR THE APPLICATION OF GAS FOR HEATING SUCH FURNACE OR KILN, AND ALSO FOR
HEATING PURPOSES GENERALLY," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved construction of furnaces or
kilns and to apparatus for heating the same, such apparatus being
applicable for heating purposes generally.
The Invention is especially applicable to purposes for which great
heat is required, such as for making glass, baking pottery, heating
boilers or other vessels.
The Invention chiefly consists in a cylinder open at both ends, one
end communicating with the kiln or furnace in which the materials to
be heated are enclosed, in a separate vessel or not, while the other end

page_text: is open to the atmosphere and protected by a wire gauze or other open-
work surcen, which end may be telescopic. This cylinder is partly
surrounded by a circular chamber closed at the end nearest to the
furnace while open to the atmosphere at the other, also protected by
a wire gauze screen. A gas pipe is led through this chamber within
the cylinder, where it is terminated by a burner of any convenient form.
At the portion of the cylinder where the burner is situated a number of
perforations are formed through which air can enter from the annular
chamber, so that on the burner being fed with gas and lighted the air
not only enters behind it through the screen of its own cylinder, but 1
also through the screen and perforations of the chamber, thus producing
a perfect combustion and intense heat. The open end of the cylinder
just described is connected to the lower part of a kiln or furnace or
other heating apparatus. The form of furnace for melting glass and
analogous purposes is as follows:-Within a circular wall of fire- 1
brick a pot or crucible is placed. The diameter of this pot is smaller
than the diameter of the kiln, and a space or annular chamber is left
all round the pot except at the bottom or "siege." The cylinder before
described communicates with this annular chamber, and the flame from
the gas with air within the cylinder is led by the draught all round 2
the annular chamber, so as to completely embrace the pot or crucible
within the fire-brick wall. The vapours escape through a chimney or
chimneys at the front of the said wall or furnace, at the upper part of
which there is also an aperture communicating with the outer air.
The bottom of the kiln between the pot and the wall is grooved and
descends gradually towards the front, so that in the case of the breakage
or leakage of tho pot the melted contents would run down the groove
and accumulate into a tank placed beneath the front of the furnaco
into which the groove leads.
1
Another form of furnace which is applicable for cooking and analogous a
purposes is as follows:-It consists of an oblong chamber or box formed
of fire-brick or similar material, in which are arranged any convenient
number of ovens of such a size and so placed in relation to one another
and the chamber that a space will be left between them and the walls
of the chamber sufficient to allow the flame from the cylinder on the gas a
burner already described to circulate and embrace them thoroughly.
This cylinder is applied at the lower part of one end of the oblong
chamber or furnace while the chimney is at the other. The ovens do

page_text: not like the pot in the previous instanco rost upon the floor simply, but
are raised therefrom slightly by any convenient supports in order to
permit tho more complete circulation of the flamo and radiation of the
heat.
In applying my Invention to heating boilers the boiler would simply
take the place of the pot or crucible, except that it rests on suitablo
supports, so as to allow the heat to pass all round it.