IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR AND IN SUSPENDING WINDOW SASHES FOR HOUSES, RAILROAD CARRIAGES, ÅND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR
AND IN SUSPENDING WINDOW SASHES FOR HOUSES, RAILROAD CARRIAGES,
ÅND OTHER PURPOSES."-A communication from abroad by Philetus
Woodworth Gates, of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, United
States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 20th March 1871.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR
AND IN SUSPENDING WINDOW SASHES FOR HOUSES, RAILROAD CARRIAGES, AND
OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a plate or box having fitted into it one or
more antifriction rollers, and provided with handle or finger piece for

page_text: the purpose of lifting the suspending device. The box is placed in an
inclined mortise made in the face of the window frame, and is allowed
to receive vertical play therein. It will then firmly sustain a sliding
sash at any desired height above the sill, or, when desired, it will wedge
the sash when down upon the sill, and prevent the sash from rattling.
A single balancing weight and its counter-thrust roller is also adapted
to the sash. A small tumbling lever or dog is mortised in the sliding
sash, and has always a tendency to fall outwards, so that when the sash
is down the dog will fall into the mortice in the window frame, and the
sash cannot be raised until the dog is removed. This is effected by
lifting up the suspending box. The sash may then be raised to and
secured or suspended at any altitude by simply allowing the box to drop
in its mortise, and thus jam the sash and frame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 20th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton,
Her special licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR AND IN SUSPENDING
WINDOW SASHES FOR HOUSES, RAILROAD CARRIAGES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," being
a communication to mo from abroad by Philetus Woodworth Gates, of
Chicago, in the State of Illinois, United States of America, upon the

page_text: condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately'
after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE,. that I, the said William Edward Newton, my do.
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed,; and to. the letters. and figures marked thereon (that is
to say);
This Invention has for its object to suspend the sashes of windows
or carriages at any desired height, and to fasten the sashes securely
when closed so that they cannot be opened from the outside.. The
suspending device consists of a wedge-shaped frame or box formed of two
parallel plates, between which are fitted one or more antifriction rollers
of the same or of different diameters. The box is moreover provided
with a handle or finger piece, so that when this device is mortised into
the face of a window frame and allowed to receive vertical play it will
firmly sustain a sliding sash at any desired height above the sill, or, when
desired, it will operate to wedge the sash when down upon the sill and
prevent the sash from rattling. A balancing weight is adapted to the
sash as a counterbalance.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a view partly in section
shewing the mode of applying one form of holder or suspending device
to a sash and its frame. This holder is provided with two rollers;
Figures 2 and 3 are different views of the holder shewn in Fig. 1.
Figures 4 and 5 are views of a holder having rollers of different sizes
applied to it.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a holder having a single roller applied to
it. This Figure also represents a vertical section through parts of a
window frame, and a window sash showing how a locking dog may be
combined with the holder and how a single roller holder may be used.

page_text: Fig. 9 is an elevation of a window frame showing the holders applied
to two sashes, the weight of which is partly supported by cords, weights,
and a pulley on one side thereof.
In Figures 1 and 6. A represents part of a window frame and B part
of a vertically sliding window sash. Into that side of the frame A lying
adjacent to the edge of the sash B a vertically oblong wedge-shaped
mortise a is made so as to present an inclined surface a¹ which may or
may not be covered with a thin metal plate, as shewn in the Figures.
Into this mortise a metal box C is put, which is shorter than the mortise,
and is allowed more or less vertical play therein. This box C presents
next the edge of the sash B a flat surface 8, which may be plain or
serrated, and from the front edge of the plate a handle h projects in
front of the sash B so as to be readily acted on by the finger of one hand
while with the other hand the sash can be moved up or down. The
box C is hollow or chambered, the chambers 9 being separated by
divisions p, p, as shewn in Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, when two rollers c, c, are
employed, but when one roller only is employed the cross divisions p, p,
are arranged to leave a single central chamber, as shewn in Figures 6, 7,
and 8. The box C, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, having two chambers in it
is adapted for receiving two antifriction rollers c, c, which may be of the
same diameter (as shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3), or the rollers c, c, may
be of different diameters as shewn by Figures 4 and 5. In either case
when the rollers c, c, bear against the inclined surface a¹ of the mortise a
the.flat vertical surface of the box C will bear snugly against the vertical
edge of the window sash B, as shewn in Fig. 1. In the case of the
box C having only one roller c, as shewn in Fig. 6, the flat surface 8 will
adapt itself snugly to the vertical edge of the window sash B in conse-
quence of the roller c being arranged at the middle of the length of this
box.
When the box or holder (having either a single roller or two rollers
applied to it) is arranged in the mortise a, as above described and shewn
in the Drawings, it will be out of sight and out of the way, the only
part exposed being the handle h. The holder acts by its own gravity to
support the sash so that when a sash is raised to the desired height and
released the holder will drop down and wedge itself tightly between the
edge of the sash and the inclined surface a², thus securely holding the
sash. To lower the sash it is only necessary to support the sash by one
hand and press up the holder by means of its handle h, when the sash
will be free to move.

page_text: In combination with either one of the holders described I may employ
a locking device which, when it is applied to the lower sash as shown
in Fig. 6, will lock this sash down securely and prevent a person on the
outside of the building from raising the sash when thus locked.
In combination with either one of the holders described I may employ
a locking device which, when it is applied to the lower sash as shewn
in Fig. 6, will lock this sash down securely and prevent a person on the
outside of the building from raising the sash when thus locked.
I will now describe the sash holder and locking dog shown in
Fig. 6.
A represents part of a window frame. Into that edge of the sash B
which is nearest the frame a recess d is made for receiving a dog G, the
object of which is to lock the sash B down upon the window sill. This
dog or locking piece G has a rounded foot e formed on its lower end,
and is fitted into a corresponding socket made at the bottom of the
recess d, thus allowing the upper portion e¹ of the dog to vibrate, and
also holding the dog in its place in the recess. The back of tho
recess is inclined so that the dog cannot assume a vertical position
when thrown back, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 6. The dog
thus arranged can fall forward beneath a shoulder at the upper end
of a recess a in the window frame A when the sash is upon the window
sill, and will thus prevent the sash from being raised except by the
means herein-after explained. The recess a (which is made in that
edge of the window frame A lying next the sash B) is inclined, and
into this recess is applied the sash holder C, which not only holds the
sash securely at any desired elevation as above described, but which ou
being raised also serves to release the sash (when it is locked down)
by acting against the dog G.
The holder C is constructed precisely as shewn by Figures 7 and S,
and is adapted to the recess a in such a manner that its roller c will act
against the inclined surface a¹, as shown in Fig. 1. When the sash is
at the lowest point of the window frame the dog G will by its own
gravity drop. forward beneath the shoulder t, and will lock the sash
down securely. To release the sash (thus securely held) it is only
necessary to press the holder C upward by means of its knob or
handle h, which operation will throw the dog G back into its recess,
as indicated by the dotted lines. The sash can then be raised to any
desired height, at which point it will be held by the holder C and
roller c dropping down and wedging themselves between the sash and
its frame. To release the sash the holder must be lifted and kept up
until the sash has been depressed to the desired point.

page_text: It will be seen from the above description of Fig. 6 that in com-
bination with the improved holder there is a device which, when it is
required, may be employed for locking down the lower sash of a window,
and which device is so arranged in relation to the holder that it can be
operated by the latter for unlocking the sash.
Fig. 9 shews two window sashes B, B, applied within a frame A so
as to slide vertically. Each sash is balanced, or nearly so, by a weight W,
which is attached to a cord o passed over a pulley I at the top of the
frame A. on one side thereof.
To obviate friction on the sashes when thus balanced by weights
applied on one side only, I apply at or near the upper corner of each
sash opposite its point of suspension a roller k, which may be made of
hard wood or of metal, and which by its pressure against the window.
frame will prevent any tendency which the weight W may have to tilt
the sash by its being placed on one side thereof. To each sash thus
balanced the improved sash holder is to be applied, and, if desired, the
locking dog G. may also be employed in combination therewith, as shown
in Fig. 6.
Figures 10 and 11 represent a modification of the plan above described.
In this arrangement there is a wedge-shaped block or box C having a
handle applied to it. This block or box C is placed in a wedge-.
shaped recess a made in the edge of the sash B, as in the former
instances, and bounded on one side by the window frame A. Beneath
this wedge-shaped block C is a spring 8, the action of which is to press up
the wedge C, and cause it to bind between the sash B and the window
frame A. By depressing or pulling down the wedge C the sash is left
free to move up or down in the frame A..
The locking dog G, Fig. 10, is. pivotted at its upper end, and is acted:
upon by a spring s¹ which tends to push it outwards. This locking dog
will prevent the raising of the sash. When the sash has been brought
down upon the sill, and when it is required to be raised, the dog E must
be pressed back into its recess in the frame A by depressing the wedge C
upon the bevilled surface of the locking portion of the dog. If desired,
one or more antifriction rollers may be employed in conjunction with
this wedge C, substantially as described for the wedge in the other a
Figures.
Having now described the Invention that has been communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and having explained the manner of

page_text: carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to mc
by Letters Patent as aforesaid,-
First. The combination of the box C with the inclined or wedge-
shaped recess in the window frame for the purpose of suspending or
holding up the sash at any point, as herein set forth.
Second. I claim the mode herein set forth of adapting the dog G to
the window frame or sash for the purpose of preventing the window
from being opened.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twentieth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.