Improvements in and in connection with Refrigerators.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1895-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Refrigerators.
We, CHARLES HENRY WARD of Leicester House, Station Road, Staple Hill
ear Bristol Clerk, GEORGE MORRIS of No. 11 Langton Street Cathay Bristol,
Coppersmith, and JAMES HENRY HOWELL of Castle Green Bristol Engineer, all
n the County of Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
n what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Our invention relates to improvements in, and in connection with refrigerators,
and refers more particularly to that class or type employed by small brewers,
dairymen, and others, and has for its objects, First:-A method of construction
and arrangement by means of which the liquid to be cooled is first strained and
cleansed of all matter foreign thereto, and the hither necessary careful levelling
of the surface upon which the said refrigerator rests, when in use is dispensed
with.
Second-To provide a casing or container for the said refrigerator when in use
for the purpose of more effectually excluding dust and dirt, and by means of the
latter of which 'the milk or other liquid as cooled 'may be deposited directly into
the churn or other vessel intended to receive the same.
The type of refrigerator to which the application of our improvements relates
consists of a closely wound metallic tubular coil in the form of a truncated cone,
through which a current of cold water is constantly passing when in use, and it has
hitherto been customary to cover the apex of such coil, by a cupped or concave
crown, into which the milk or other hot liquid is first deposited, and as this
overflows the liquid trinkles down the outer surface of the cold coil and so becomes
cooled, and in order that such overflow may be uniform all round the said cup or
crown so that the whole of the cooling surface may be in use, it has been found in
practice that the horizontal surface upon which the said coil rests, must be
absolutely level in all directions, and to effect this, great care, and the use of a
spirit level, has hitherto been indispensable, as the slightest deviation from a true
level permitted the said overflow to take place at the lowest side of the crown only,
and so only a portion of the cooling surface was utilized, and furthermore, by
reason of the concave formation of the said crown this always remained full or
nearly so at the finish of the operation, from which the liquid could be removed only
by the means of a scoop or by tilting the refrigerator, and to overcome these
of our
difficulties and provide convenient improvements is the objects and purposes
invention, and the manner in which we carry this into effect is hereinafter fully
explained and shewn.
In order that the improvements constituting our invention and the manner of
applying the same may be fully understood, reference is herein made to the
accompanying drawings of which:-
Fig. 1 is a half sectional elevation of such a refrigerator as hitherto made'and
used in which the before mentioned concave crown is shewn by X while Fig. 2 is a
like view of such a refrigerator to which the first part of our said improvements
have been applied.
Fig. 3 is an elevation (partly in section) of a case or container enclosing our
5 improved refrigerator when in use, and where practicable also the vessel into
which the liquor is deposited when cooled, and in the accompanying drawings we

page_text: have chosen to illustrate the application of our invention for the use of dairymen, as
a means for cooling new milk, only a slight (if any) modification of which would
render the same adaptable for the use of small brewers and others.
We carry the first portion of our invention into effect (which relates to the
refrigerator itself) by constructing of any suitable metal or alloy of metals, a
closely wound tubular coil A, preferably in the form of a truncated cone, and
which may or may not be galvanized, tinned, or electroplated internally or
externally, or both as may be desirable, according to its intended use, the ends
whereof are so arranged as to be easily connected to a constant cold water supply,
which may be governed by a cock or tap, suitable feet or legs B being provided
upon the said coil in the usual way. The apex of the said coil we cover with, and
fix thereto, a preferably circular vessel C, made of metal stone, or other ware, or
material easily cleansed, the vertical walls of which D, are perforated, or formed
of fine gauze wire, while the bottom E of same is entire and formed convex upon
its upper surface, so that the hot milk or other liquid deposited in said vessel
would be led by gravity to, and percolate through, the perforations or the like D,
and trinkle down the outer face of the cooled coil A, on to the surface upon which
the said coil is standing, whereat suitable provision may be made for collecting and
conveying the said liquid to where required, which according to the second portion
of our invention would be in the manner hereinafter explained.
From the foregoing it will be understood that it is in nowise an enforced
condition, that the surface upon which A is stood must be perfectly level, since the
milk or other liquid deposited in C, would percolate freely through all parts of the
strainer D, notwithstanding that the said surface upon which A stands may be
several degrees-out-of horizontal truth, and that all hairs or other foreign matter!
in the milk or other liquid would. be collected in the vessel C, hence the attainment
of the purpose of our invention first referred to.
We carry the second portion of our invention into effect by constructing of
wood, metal or other suitable, material, an open or enclosed frame or casing, of any
desired shape or configuration suitable for the purpose, such as F, in which is fixed
a horizontal platform G, concave upon its upper surface, and provided with a water
tight ridge a, and having in its centre a passage H, and upon said partition we:
stand our improved refrigerator A, B, C, D, E above described, suitable provision.
being made in F for the passage of the ends of A for connection to the water
supply.
Near to the upper end of F.we fix a second platform J, as near as convenient to
the chamber C, of the refrigerator, the upper surface of which may be perfectly
true or concave as desired, and is provided with a central hole or aperture such
as b, and upon the said platform is stood the receiver or vessel K, into which the
hot milk or other liquid is first-placed. The said receiver may be made wholly of:
any suitable metal, or partly of metal and other material, or wholly of other
suitable material easily cleansed and, is preferably circular in plan, and provided
internally with a fixed borizontal partition or diaphragm L, preferably concave
upon its upper surface, so that the milk or other liquid deposited thereon, may be
led by gravity to a hole and tubular passage M in the centre thereof, the said
passage being provided with a suitable cock or tap c, preferably such as may be
governed by a key d. The vessel K has preferably but not imperatively a false
bottom N, concave upon its under surface, which forms a support for, and through
which passes the lower end of the tube M, and when K is stood upon the
platform J, the lower end of the tube M is immediately over the aperture b
therein. A suitable cap or cover may be provided for the vessel K.
In practice, the milk deposited in the vessel K, would pass out through the cock
or tap c into the straining chamber C, the said cock or tap being so arranged that
the feed from K to C is not in excess of the rate at which the liquid would
percolate through the strainer D, from which it would trinkle down the outer:
surface of the refrigerator A onto the platform G, within the ridge a, from which
it would pass through the hole and tube H, directly into a churn or other vessel O

page_text: placed to receive it. A suitable door or other opening being provided in F (if
this be enclosed) to permit the in and out passage of the vessel O.
When our invention is employed as shewn in the cooling of new milk, the known
capacity of the churn O being equal to a given number of pails P, the full of O
would be guaged by counting the number of full pails emptied into K, but when
our invention is employed by brewers and others the liquor would be probably led
by a cock governed tube into K and a vat or other vessel would take the place
of O, from which a tube may be led for depositing the liquor where required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1st. In an improved refrigerator, the combination with a water fed metallic coil
such as A, of a strainer such as C, having a convex bottom E, and sides or walls D,
the latter being perforated, or composed of, or fitted with wire gauze, substantially
as described and shewn by the appended drawings.
2nd. In combination, the refrigerator as set forth in the preceding claim,
mounted upon the platform or diaphragm G, of a case or frame such as F, the said
platform having a water tight ridge such as a, and central tubular aperture such
as H, substantially as herein described and shewn.
3rd. In combination, the refrigerator mounted upon a platform such G, of a
frame or case such as F, surmounted by a receiver such as K, having a diaphragm
such as L, provided with a cock governed central passage M and with or
without false bottom N, and standing upon a platform J, also forming part of
the case or frame F, and having a central hole or passage such as b. substantially
as herein described and shewn.
4th. In combination with the refrigerator A, C, D, E and the receiver K,
the manner of refrigerating the hot milk or other liquid, by first depositing this
in the said receiver from which, it is led through the cock or tap controlled
passage Mc into the strainer C, and percolating through the sides or walls D,
trinkles down the outer surface of A, onto the platform G, from which it is led
through a passage H, directly into a churn or other vessel O, substantially as
and for the purposes herein described and shown by the accompanying drawings.
Tated this 93rd day of September 1895.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1 Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.