Engines and Compressed Air Engines.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1837
Complete Left, 12th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 17th Jan., 1888
Engines and Compressed Air Engines.
We JOHN HADFIELD STREET of Moss Bay Workington in the County of Cumber-
land Engineering Draughtsman and TANGYES LIMITED of Cornwall Works Soho in the
County of Stafford Engineers and Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows:-
The said invention has reference to governors of the loaded pendulum type known
as the Porter governor and consists of the improvements in the said governors herein-
after described whereby the defects of the said governors as ordinarily constructed are
remedied and greater efficiency in the governors secured.
A governor of the kind to which these improvements are applicable consists essen-
tially of a vertical shaft or spindle driven by a horizontal shaft through bevil or mitre
wheel gear the said borizontal shaft being driven by the crank shaft of the engine by
any well known means. At the top of the said vertical shaft or spindle and jointed
thereto is suspended at an angle of about sixty degrees a pair of links the lower ends
of which links are jointed to balls. These balls have a pair of links jointed to them.
To the lowor ends of the last named links a sliding weight is hung which weight
rotates with the vertical shaft or spindle. As the speed of the engino varies a
corresponding change in the height of the balls takes place and the sliding weight is
raised or lowered.
The rising or falling motion of the weight is transmitted to the regulating valve of
the engine by means of a lever or levers acted upon by the said weight.
In making a governor of the kind described according to the said invention wo
employ a base preferably of cast iron which said base carries the driving gear.
Surmounting the said base is a fixed hollow or tubular pillar preferably of brass upon
which pillar the sliding weight works. The rotating vertical shaft or spindle works in
the interior of the said hollow or tubular pillar.
The vertical shaft or spindle extends above the top of the hollow or tubular pillar
and the protruding upper part of the said shaft carries a key or cotter which engages
in slots at opposite points in the rotating sliding weight thereby securing the
simultaneous rotation of the said shaft and weight. The bearings in the hollow pillar
DQ71

page_text: in which the rotating vertical shaft works are situated at the top and bottom of the
Said hollow pillar the said shaft not being in contact with the interior of the pillar at
intermediate parts. The bearings on which the sliding weight works are situated at
the top and near the middle of the hollow pillar and consists of portions of the said
pillar of somewhat larger external diameter than the intermediate parts. On the top of
the hollow pillar which top is higher than the contro of gravity of the rotating sliding
weight and revolving balls is a series of metallic washers resting on one another. The
rotating vertical shaft is supported on these washers the said shaft having an increased
diameter at the part above the washers thereby forming a shoulder which rests upon the
washers and by which shoulder the shaft is supported. Tho friction of the washers is
reduced by its distribution over a number of working faces. Grooves are cut in the
faces of the washers to facilitate lubrication.
Governors of the kind to which the said invention relates when constructed in the
ordinary way have a tendency after slight wear to wobble" or run out of truth. By
supporting the rotating and revolving parts above their common centre of gravity
and by making the bearings in which there is greatest lateral wear inside the sliding
weights this defect is wholly or in large part remedied and greater efficiency in the
action of the governor secured.
Tail : T.
1-1007

page_text: Engines and Compressed Air Engines.
We JOHN HADFIELD STREET of Moss Bay, Workington in the County of Cumber-
land Engineering Draughtsman and TANGYES LIMITED of Cornwall Works, Soho in
the County of Stafford, Engineers and Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The said invention has reference to governors of the loaded pendulum type known
as the Porter governor and consists of the improvements in the said governors herein..
after after described whereby the defects of the said governors as ordinarily constructed
are remedied and greater efficiency in the governors secured.
A governor of the kind to which these improvements are applicable consists essen-
tially of a vertical shaft or spindle driven by a horizontal shaft through bevil or mitro
wheel gear, the said horizontal shaft being driven by the crank shaft of the engine by
any well known means. At the top of the said vertical shaft or spindle and jointed
thereto is suspended at an angle of about sixty degrees a pair of links the lower ends
of which links are jointed to balls. These balls have a pair of links jointed to them.
To the lower ends of the last named links a sliding weight is hung which weight
rotates with the vertical shaft or spindle. As the speed of the engine varies a corre-
sponding change in the height of the balls takes place and the sliding weight is raised
or lowered.
The rising or falling motion of the weight is transmitted to the regulating valve of
the engine by means of a lever or levers acted upon by the said weight.
In making a governor of the kind described according to the said invention wo
employ a base preferably of cast iron which said base carries the driving gear.
Surmounting the said base is a fixed hollow or tubular pillar preferably of brass upon
which pillar the sliding weight works. The rotating vertical shaft or spindle works in
the interior of the said hollow or tubular pillar.
The vertical shaft or spindle extends above the top of the hollow or tubular pillar
and the protruding upper part of the said shaft carries a key or cotter which engages
in slots at opposite points in the rotating sliding weight thereby securing the
simultaneous rotation of the said shaft and weight. The bearings in the hollow pillar-
in which the rotating vertical shaft works are situated at the top and bottom of the
said hollow pillar the said shaft not being in contact with the interior of the pillar at
intermediate parts. On the top of the hollow pillar, which top is higher than the.
centre of gravity of the rotating sliding weight and revolving balls is a series of
metallic washers' resting on one another. The rotating vertical shaft is supported on
these washers the said shaft having an increased diameter at the part above the washer
thereby forming a shoulder which rests upon the washers and by which shoulder the
shaft is supported. The friction of the washers is reduced by its distribution over a
'

page_text: number of workings faces. Grooves are cut in the faces of the washers to facilitate
lubrication.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in vertical section a Porter
Governor containing theso improvements and Figure 2 represents a plan of one of the
anti friction washers on which the shoulder or enlargement of the vertical rotating
shaft or spindle bears.
a is the vertical shaft or spindle of the governor driven from the horizontal shaft b
by the bevil or mitre wheels c d, the said horizontal shaft b being driven by a band
from the crank shaft of the engine passing over the pulley e. Or the horizontal
shaft b may be driven from the crank shaft of the engine by spur or bevil gearing;
is the pair of links jointed at their upper ends to the top of the vertical spindle a
and at their lower ends to the revolving balls g, a to which balls the pair of links h, h
is jointed. The lower ends of the said links h, h of the balls are jointed to the lower
end of the sliding weight i at h2, h². The weight i thus hung to the links h h of the
revolving balls
9, 9 rotates with the vertical shaft a and as the balls g, g rise or fall by
the varying speed of the engine the weight is also raised or lowered as in the
ordinary Porter governor. The balls and their connections and the sliding weight
are represented in continuous lines in their normal positions and are indicated in
-dotted lines when the halls and weight have been raised by an increased speed in the
engine.
The rising and falling motion of the weight i is transmitted to the regulating or cut
off valve of the engine through the rod k and lever the said lever being jointed to
the collar m around the lower end of the said sliding weight i.
The driving gear c, d of the governor is supported on the cast iron base a which
basen is surmounted by the fixed hollow or tubular pillar p. It will be seen that the
vertical spindle a is situated within the hollow pillar p and the sliding weight i works
outside the said pillar. The spindle a works in the bearings and p at the top and
bottom of the pillar p the said bearings consisting of portions of the hollow pillar of
less internal diameter than the intermediate parts as seen in the drawing. By this
arrangement the vertical shaft a is not in contact with the hollow pillar excepting at
the bearings p², p. The sliding weight fits the exterior of the upper part of the
hollow pillar closely the said weight when in its normal or lowest position resting on
the shoulder t of the said hollow pillar as represented. Or the sliding weight may
slide on bearings situated at the top and near the middle of the hollow pillar the said
bearings consisting of portions of the said pillar of somewhat larger external diameter
than the intermediate parts. The part a² of the rotating shaft or spindle a above the
top of the hollow pillar is enlarged and constitutes a shoulder which shoulder a²
works upon the series of washers q, q resting on one another on the top of the tubular
pillar p. By means of the said shoulder a² resting upon the washers 9, 9 the rotating
spindle a is supported. One of the washers 7 of the set of washers is represented
detached in Figure 2 where it will be seen that radial grooves are cut in the faces of
the said washers to facilitate lubrication. The friction of the washers is reduced
by its distribution over a number of working faces.
P
The simultaneous rotation of the shaft a and weight i is effected by the key or
cotter passed through the shoulder or enlargement a² of the said shaft a, the projecting
ends of the said key or cotter r engaging in slots s, s at opposite points in the rotating
sliding weight i.
The slots s, s are of such length as to permit of the rising of the weight i to the
proper height.
The top of the hollow pillar p on which the rotating shaft or spindle a is supported
is preferably higher than the centre of gravity of the sliding weight i and revolving
balls 9, 9.
The action of the governor provided these improvements does not differ in any
essential respect from that of the ordinary Porter Governor.
Governors of the kind to which this invention relates when constructed in the
ordinary way have a tendency after slight wear to "wobble" or run out of truth. By
supporting the rotating and revolving parts above their common centre of gravity and

page_text: by making the bearings in which there is greatest lateral wear inside the sliding
weight this defect is wholly or in large part remedied and greater efficiency in the
action of the governor secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim of
Improvements in governors of the loaded pendulum type known as the Porter
governor for regulating the speed of steam engines and compressed air engines ;-
First The combination in a governor of the kind described of a hollow or tubular
pillar in the inside of which the vertical rotating shaft or spindle works and on the
outside of which the rotating and sliding weight works and is supported, the said
hollow or tubular pillar being constructed and combined with the rotating shaft or
spindle and rotating and sliding weight and with the other parts of the governor
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly Supporting the vertical rotating shaft or spindle of the governor on the
top of the hollow or tubular pillar (which said top is preferably higher than the centre
of gravity of tho rotating and sliding weight and revolving balls) by means of a
shoulder at the top of the said shaft or spindle bearing on the top of the said hollow
or tubular pillar as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Thirdly The combination with the hollow or tubular pillar and the rotating shaft
or spindle supported upon it in the manner described of a series of anti friction washers
arranged one above the other on the top of the hollow pillar for the purpose and
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Dated this Third day of January 1888.
JOHN HADFIELD STREET.
TANGYES LIMITED.
W. J. Parkins,
Secretary.
JOHN HADFIELD STREET.
TANGYES LIMITED.
W. J. Parkins,
Secretary.