Improvements in and Applicable to Machines for Reducing and Cutting up. Greaves, Compressed Meat Blocks, and like Substances.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Applicable to Machines for Reducing and
Cutting up. Greaves, Compressed Meat Blocks, and like
Substances.
I JAMES DONALDSON of No. 17 Water Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the sanie is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object is to provide machines for cutting up, and reducing large pieces of
tough sticky and greasy substances such as greaves, and compressed meat blocks, with
advantages for cutting or tearing asunder of such substances and for the cleaning of
the teeth or cutters, and for the regulation of such machines.
The machine consists of a frame of wood or iron, carrying a shaft upon which is
keyed one or more metal dises into which cutters are immovably fixed in such manner
that they cannot get loose and so damage the machine. This shaft with discs and
cutters runs in bearings upon the frame, and is geared by a pair of wheels with a
shaft carrying one or more discs with ratchet shaped teeth, placed in position to pass
between the cutters on the cutting discs; the two shafts with their respective discs
or barrels being geared together to run at a differential speed to each other, the ratchet
shaped teeth on the smaller and fast running discs, clear the cutters of adhering matter
on the larger or slow running discs.
A set of cutters fixed into a cutter holder is also placed immediately in front, and
over the clearing discs for the further disintegration and the prevention of large
pieces of material passing through and choking the machine.
A series of wrought iron bars or one on each side of each cutting disc are strung
loosely upon the lesser shaft and pass between both sets of discs as shown, and
are attached to a combination of links, screw and handwheel for the purpose of
regulating the depth of cut, and for relieving the cutters from superabundant
feed.
Attached to the framing is an inclined plane or trough joining the hopper down
which the blocks of greaves or material slide by gravitation against the cutters the
weight of the material keeping it against the cutters until it is disintegrated and
broken un

page_text: A feed roller pivotted diagonally is placed in front of the cutting discs for the
purpose of sliding the material from side to side, and thus present a new surface to
the cutters at each revolution.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation in section of a machine having my improvements showing
the framing A, the hopper B, the cutting discs C, the clearing discs D, the fixed
cutters E, the regulating bars F, the feed roller G, and the block of material to be
cut up H. The cutting discs C, revolve against the material H resting upon the
regulating bars F, and the feed roller G, the feed roller shifting the position of
the material at each revolution the cutters upon C, cut or tear pieces out of the
material H which pieces are further disintegrated by coming in contact with the
fixed cutters E whilst the teeth upon the clearing disc D remove adhering material
from the cutters upon C, the depth of cut being regulated by the hand wheel J
actuating by means of a screw the regulating bars F. Fig. 2 is a side elevation
showing an external view the crank K and the pawl and ratchet wheel L, rotate
the feed roller. Fig. 3 represents an end elevation in section showing the feed roller G
pivotted diagonally, and the ratchet L. Fig. 4 shows an end elevation, with the
fixed cutters and cutter holder. Fig. 5 is a plan of the machine with the feed
roller G removed for the better illustration of the cutters and regulating bars,
Fig. 6 represents a section and face view of the cutting discs C enlarged. Fig. 7
represents a section and face view of the clearing discs D also enlarged.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I clam is.
First. The combination with the frame and a series of revolving and fixed cutters
substantially in the manner and for the purpose setforth.
Second. The combination of ratchet toothed discs running at a differential speed
in gear with the revolving cutters for the purpose of clearing them from adhering
material.
Third. The combination of the series of levers with the cutter discs, for the purpose
of adjusting the depth of cut and for relieving the cutters from superabundant
feed of material.
Fourth. The eccentric feed roller pivotted diagonally for the purpose of reducing
a to and fro motion of the material being fed against the cutters.
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