IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS WHEREBY THE HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED PENDULUM ROTATES ALTERNATELY DIRECTION AND WHICH ONLY REQUIRE WINDING UP ONCE A YEAR ONCE IN TEN YEARS OR A STILL LONGER PERIOD
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Anton Harder of the town of Ransen in the Kingdom of
Prussia and German Empire for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS
WHEREBY THE HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED PENDULUM ROTATES
ALTERNATELY
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Anton Harder at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1882.
ANTON HARDER of the town of Ransen in the Kingdom of Prussia and German
Empire. IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS WHEREBY THE HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED
PENDULUM ROTATES ALTERNATELY IN EACH DIRECTION AND WHICH ONLY REQUIRE
WINDING UP ONCE A YEAR ONCE IN TEN YEARS OR A STILL LONGER PERIOD.
My invention relates to improvements in clocks whereby the horizontally
arranged pendulum rotates alternately in each direction and which ouly require
winding up once a year, once in ten years or a still longer period.
The objects of my improvements are to produce a clock or time piece which
when once wound up will continue going for one year, ten years or a still longer
period of time and to render the pendulum thoroughly adjustable.
The said pendulum is suspended or attached to a steel spring of such breadth
thickness and strength that the requisite torsion is attained so that when the
pendulum is once set in motion it continues to revolve alternately to the right or
left in such manner that the escapement wheel of a clock or time-piece is kept in
correct gear with the anchor or other like mechanism.
The front and rear plates of the case act as bearings for the spindles of the
clockwork or train of wheels.
The pendulum is of circular or other appropriate form and consists preferably of
a circular plate or disc of brass or other suitable metal which said plate is rivetted
or otherwise attached to a ring of like metal. A stud or pin of metal is screwed
or otherwise attached to the centre of the disc.

page_text: This said stud or pin is slotted out at its upper end in order to receive the clamp
to which the torsion spring is rigidly attached or the jaws of the clamp can be
somewhat longer and the torsion spring clamped firmly between the two cheeks of
the same by means of suitable screws.
For regulating the pendulum two small weights of brass or other suitable metal
are attached to the pendulum which said weights are provided with suitable studs
or projections which said studs are bored and threaded to receive the threaded
parts of the adjustment spindle, which passes also through the aforementioned
stud in the centre of the pendulum or disc.
Each end of this said adjustment screw spindle is squared to receive a key, so
that the said weights can be adjusted on the said spindle.
I also employ a modification of the said centre stud whereby the said opening,
slot or aperture is deepened or prolonged so that the lower part of the same forms
a bearing for the aforementioned adjustment screw spindle.
Instead of making the spindle of one piece as described above I employ two
small screw spindles for the adjustment of the aforementioned small weights of
the pendulum or dise; these said small adjustment screws are each provided
with a suitable flange which fits so into a recess in the said centre stud or pro-
jection that the said screw spindles can be caused to revolve. In this manner
the weights can be each adjusted separately.
The torsion spring of the pendulum is near its upper end so held in a clamping
device formed by the rear surface of a forked lever and a plate or small piece of
brass or other metal screwed firmly to the said lever that the said forked lever is
compelled to follow the movements of the torsion spring and as the stem of the
anchor is inserted in the fork of the said fork lever, both anchor and anchor stem
are so operated on that the same make a partial revolution round the pin or axis
and so that the anchor teeth alternately release and engage the teeth of the
escapement wheel.
The bracket for carrying the pendulum is preferably screwed on to the back of
the case or open frame work and the horizontal arm of this said bracket is provided
with a slit to permit the insertion of the torsion spring upon which the pendulum
is suspended; both bracket and arm are preferably made of the same metal as the
pendulum.
The extreme upper end of the torsion spring is securely fixed in a clamping
device which rides on the upper surface of the bracket arm and is so arranged that
by loosening the clamping screws the clamping plate can be withdrawn and the
torsion spring adjusted.
If desired this clamping device can be rigidly connected to the bracket arm or
can be held in position by means of a sinall screw.
The escapement wheel, as customary in clocks or time-pieces of similar con-
struction is keyed to its spindle and its pinion gears into one of the toothed wheels
of the mechanism from whence the rotation of the escapement wheel is transmitted
to the entire clockwork.
The number of wheels employed in the clockwork can be varied according to
requirements, that is if the clock is only required to run eight days only two
toothed wheels are necessary, whereas four wheels and corresponding pinions are
sufficient to enable the time piece to run a year without being wound up a second
time.
The same construction can be employed for clocks or timepieces of any size and
in most various forms, and can be used with equal advantage and like good results
from a small table time-piece to a tower clock.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Anton Harder in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th November
1882.
ANTON HARDER of the Town of Ransen in the Kingdom of Prussia and German
Empire "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS WHEREBY THE HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED
PENDULUM ROTATES ALTERNATELY IN EACH DIRECTION AND WHICH ONLY REQUIRE
WINDING UP ONCE A YEAR, ONCE IN TEN YEARS OR A STILL LONGER PERIOD
"
My invention relates to improvements in clocks whereby the horizontally
arranged pendulum rotates alternately in each direction and which only require
winding up once a year, once in ten years or a still longer period.
The objects of my improvements are to produce a clock or time piece, which
when once wound up will continue going for one, ten years or a still longer period
of time and to render the pendulum thoroughly adjustable.
The said pendulum is suspended or attached to a steel spring of such breadth
thickness and strength that the requisite torsion is attained so that when the
pendulum is once set in motion it continues to revolve alternately to the right or
left in such manner that the escapement wheel of a clock or time piece is kept in
correct gear with the anchor or other like mechanism.
Figure 1 is the front elevation of a clock or time piece constructed according to
my invention with the dial and front plate removed.
Figure 2 is a side view of the same.
Figure 3 is a top view or plan.
Figure 4 shews the detail of the clock mechanism or gear train with the anchor
and escapement wheel which are all set in motion through the revolutions of the
pendulum and the torsion of the pendulum spring.
Figure 5 is a side view and figure 6 a top view of figure 4.
A is the front plate. B is the rear plate of the case, which said plates also act
as bearings for the spindles of the clockwork or train of wheels. CC₁ is the
pendulum of circular or other appropriate form, and which consists preferably of a
circular plate or disc of brass or other suitable metal, which said plate is rivetted
or otherwise attached to a ring of like metal C'. A stud or pin of metal a is
screwed or otherwise attached to the centre of the disc C. This stud a is pro-
vided at the upper end with a suitable fork like opening a¹ to receive the
clamp to which the torsion spring 6 is rigidly attached or the jaws of the
clamp can be somewhat longer and the torsion spring b clamped firmly between
the two cheeks of the same by means of suitable screws. D. D are two small
weights of brass or other suitable metal which are provided with studs or
projections & d' which said studs are bored and threaded to receive the threaded
parts of the screw spindle E which said spindle passes also through the stud or
projection a.
Each end of the screw spindle E is squared to receive a key so that the said
weights can be adjusted on the said spindle.
Figure 7 shews a modification of the said stud a whereby the forklike opening is
prolonged so that the lower part of the same forms a bearing for the screw
spindle E. E. Instead of making the spindle of one piece as described above I
employ two small screw spindles which are each provided with a suitable flange
which fits so into a recess in the stud a that the said screw spindles can be caused
to revolve. In this manner each weight can be adjusted separately.
The torsion spring b is near its upper end so held in a clamping device formed

page_text: by the rear surface of the forked lever e and a plate or small piece e' of brass or
other metal screwed firmly to the said lever that the said forked lever is compelled
to follow the movement of the torsion spring and as the stem g of the anchor h is
inserted in the front of the said forked lever e both anchor and anchor stem are so
operated on that the same make a partial revolution around the pin f and so that
the anchor teeth alternately release and engage the teeth of the escapement wheel.
The bracket & which is preferably screwed on to the back plate of the case or
open frame work, and the horizontal arm of which said bracket is provided with a
slit to permit the insertion of the spring b and consequently the suspension of the
pendulum is preferably made of like metal with the other parts.
The extreme upper end of the torsion spring is securely fixed in the clamping
device c which rides on the upper surface of the bracket arm and is so arranged
that by loosening the clamping screws the clamping plate can be withdrawn and
the torsion spring adjusted. If desired the clamping device c can be rigidly
connected to the bracket arm or can be held in position by means of a small screw
as shewn in the accompanying drawings.
The escapement wheel i is as is customary in clocks or time pieces of similar
construction keyed to the spindle k the pinion of which gears into one of the
toothed wheels of the mechanism from whence the revolution of the escapement
wheel is transmitted to the entire clockwork.
The number of wheels employed in the clockwork can be varied according to
requirements that is if the clock is only required to run eight days only two
toothed wheels are necessary whereas four wheels and corresponding pinions are
sufficient to enable the time piece to run one year without being wound up a
second time.
The same construction can be employed for clocks or time pieces of any desired
size and in most various forms and can be used with equal advantage and like good
results from a small table time piece to a tower clock.
Having now described my said invention of improvements in clocks whereby the
horizontally arranged pendulum rotates alternately in each direction and which
only require winding up once a year or once in ten years, or a still longer period,
I desire it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the number of wheels
or pinions employed in the train of gearing or to the special form of the escapement
wheel and anchor as these can be varied without departing from the tenor of my
invention what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is :-
1. The construction arrangement and employment of a horizontally arranged
pendulum rotating alternately in each direction in clocks which only require
winding up in long periods of time consisting of the disc C and ring C¹ the stud a
with forklike opening a¹ to receive the clamp 6 to which the torsion spring is
attached, which said torsion spring b is provided with a forked lever e so that the
torsion movement of the said spring is transmitted to the stem of the anchor /
and whereby the upper end of the said torsion spring is rigidly attached to a
clamping device c riding on or attached to the horizontal arm of the bracket d
substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shewn in the
accompanying drawings.
2. The construction arrangement and employment of the steel spindle or
spindles E for regulating the distances of the weights from the centre of the dise
or pendulum C C¹ in combination with the stud or pin a substantially as described
in the foregoing specification and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
3. The construction arrangement and employment of the clamping devices for
the torsion spring in combination with a torsion spring connected at the upper end
to a suitable clamping arrangement and being connected at the lower end
immediately above the pendulum substantially as set forth in the foregoing
specification and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
4. The general construction and arrangement of the parts of a clock whereby
the horizontally arranged pendulum rotates alternately in each direction and
which only require winding up once a year, once in two years, once in ten years

page_text: or a still longer period for themselves and in combination with each other
substantially as set forth in the foregoing specification and shewn in accom-
panying drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Anton Harder have hereunto set my hand
and seal this 17th day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
Witnesses
EDWIN. A. BRYDGES
HUGO KNOBLAUCH
ANTON HARDER (L.S.)