AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING BUILDINGS, SUCH AS MISSION CHURCHES, CHAPELS, SCHOOLS, OR ANY OTHER BUILDINGS WHERE ECONOMY OF COST 18 AN OBJECT, AND FOR AN IMPROVED METHOD OF HEATING AND VENTILATING THE SAME
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Banks at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd December 1868.
I, JOHN HENRY BANKS, of Brook Street, Knutsford, in the County of
Chesire, Architect and Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING BUILDINGS, SUCH AS
MISSION CHURCHES, CHAPELS, SCHOOLS, OR ANY OTHER BUILDINGS WHERE ECONOMY OF
COST 18 AN OBJECT, AND FOR AN IMPROVED METHOD OF HEATING AND VENTILATING
THE SAME," to be as follows:-
That whereas under ordinary circumstances walls are built of wood,.
stone, brick, or other material of sufficient thickness and strength to
bear and resist the weight and thrust of the floors and roof, I by the-
use of iron buttress standards placed at defined distances apart do
nearly relieve the walls of the said weight and thrust, which standards
have flanges formed upon them so arranged that the spaces between.
one standard and another can be filled in with boarding bricks and bond.
timber rubble, and bond timber, or any other material, as may be
desired, and further that upon the upper extremity of the standards a.
shoe is formed to receive the end of roof principals; one side of which.
shoe is formed of a separate plate, which manner of construction allows
the woodwork to be bolted tightly up to the side of the shoe, which is

page_text: a part and parcel of the principal, thus making the attachment of the
principal to the standard thoroughly secure. And further the standard
is provided with a projecting hook to receive brackets for supporting
spouts and a slot to receive the wall plates, which wall plate is used to
tie the standards laterally to each other as well as to receive the spars.
And further the wall plate forms the transom of the windows if desired.
The bottom part of the standard is shaped as a bed plate (which may be
bolted down to a sill formed of wood, iron, stone, or brick if necessary),
and is further provided with a vertical flange, to which flange are bolted
joists that are sufficiently long to go across the building to be attached
to the standard on the opposite side. And further that instead of using
iron boxes to receive the purlins I use iron back plates which has this
advantage, that it enables me to attach the purlins to the principals in the
generally accepted manner, and fully compensates for the material taken
out in morticing and keying them, and further renders their position in
relation to each other rigid and perfectly secure. Also one side of the
ridge box to principals of roof I form of a separate plate, as in the case
of the shoe on the upper part of the standard.
The manner of heating I propose is as follows:-I construct an
ordinary cockle stove, which is built in the outer wall or elsewhere as
may be desired sufficiently below the floor line to prevent accident by
fire, from which stove an ordinary flue is built, which flue may run along
the centre side or whatever direction may be thought desirable. For a
length, say, 12 feet from the stove, the flue is arched in and cut off from
the other part by a cross wall forming a chamber, which I call the flame
box. In the said cross wall is built a piece of ordinary round or square
iron piping, as the case may be, from which pieces of piping are laid
continuous lengths of similar piping that are made thoroughly smoke-
tight by means of flanged end joints, or by socket joints having a
vulcanized india-rubber band placed round them or by cement. The
flue will be furnished with a cast-iron curb to receive the air grids and
terminate in a chimney in the ordinary manner.
The manner I propose of ventilation is by fixing small exhaust fans
in the roof which will be turned by the action of the wind.