IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR RECORDING GRAPHICALLY THE PRESSURE, SPECIFIC GRAVITY, AND VELOCITY OF STEAM, AIR, AND OTHER GASES, WATER, AND OTHER LIQUIDS AS WELL AS THE SPEEDS OF MACHINES
Year: 1871

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to John Davis, of 176, Great Dover Street, in the
Borough of Southwark, Civil Engineer, John Arthur Ilbery, of
159, Liverpool Road, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Mer-
chant, Bernard Isangk, of 17, Gilbert Road, Kennington, in the
County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, and John Sullivan, of 44, Great
Dover Street, in the Borough of Southwark, Mechanical Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS
FOR RECORDING GRAPHICALLY THE PRESSURE, SPECIFIC GRAVITY, AND VELOCITY
OF STEAM, AIR, AND OTHER GASES, WATER, AND OTHER LIQUIDS AS WELL AS
THE SPEEDS OF MACHINES."
lealed the 7th November 1871, and dated the 27th June 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Davis, John
Arthur Ilbery, Bernard Isangk, and John Sullivan at the Office of
•
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 27th Juno
1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Davis, John
Arthur Ilbery, Bernard Isangk, and John Sullivan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 27th Juno
1871.
->
We, JOHN DAVIS, of 176, Great Dover Street, in the Borough of
Southwark, Civil Engineer, JOHN ARTHUR ILBERY, of 159, Liverpool

page_text: Road, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Merchant, BERNARD
ISANGK, of 17, Gilbert Road, Kennington, in the County of Surrey,
Civil Engineer, and JOHN SULLIVAN, of 44, Great Dover Street, in the
Borough of Southwark, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
APPARATUS FOR RECORDING GRAPHICALLY THE PRESSURE, SPECIFIC GRAVITY, AND
VELOCITY OF STEAM, AIR, AND OTHER GASES, WATER, AND OTHER LIQUIDS, AS
WELL AS THE SPEEDS OF MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to provide appropriate means or
appliances for recording or registering the variations of the pressure
of steam, air, or other gases in boilers or other vessels, as well as in
blasts, the pressure, specific gravity, and height of water and other
liquids, the speed and motion of ships, carriages, and other vehicles,
and the changes in the readings of barometers, thermometers, and other
similar instruments of precision, so as to shew or indicate such varia-
tions during certain stated periods or spaces of time by means of a curve
or diagram. To this end we provide a drum or cylindrical casing, the
axis or spindle of which we connect with the movement of a clockwork
fitted with hands and a dial plate denoting hours and minutes. Upon
the surface of the drum or. cylindrical casing we roll and fix a sheet of
paper or other suitable material, called herein-after the envelope; divided
in the direction of its length by a number of lines into divisions denoting
either pounds of pressure for every square inch, atmospheres, inches, or
such other units of weight or measure as it may be required to mark
or indicate for any of the purposes for which the apparatus may be
used or employed. These longitudinal lines are intersected by certain
straight or curved transverse lines, running in the direction of the axis
or spindle of the drum or cylindrical casing, and intended to denote
units or divisions of time, such as minutes, hours, weeks, or any others.
In close proximity to the envelope we provide a piece of paper or other
appropriate material, carbonized or imbued or saturated with coloring
matter, and so held or supported near the envelope by means of a wire,
a frame, or any other suitable appliance that a dot or mark may be
produced on the envelope whenever the carbonized paper is pressed
against it, and this we prefer to effect by means of a dull point or
indicating point placing the carbonized paper in contact with the
envelope by such successive movements that a series of dots or marks
is produced thereon during a stated space of time forming a curve or

page_text: diagram which denotes the variations of pressure, speed, or movement
during such space of time.
The indicating point or dull point we prefer to fit or mount at the
end of a spring, pendulum, or beam moving on centers or pivots, and
we so connect the spring, pendulum, or beam with one or several of
the moving parts or organs of the steam guage or other instrument,
the variations of which it is intended to record that the indicating
point may be free to oscillate to such a range or angle as may be
required for the purpose. With a view to place the indicating point
readily in contact with the carbonized or saturated paper at stated
intervals we provido a suitably shaped rod or lever which may be
actuated by the movements of the clockwork connected with the drum
or cylindrical casing, or to which motion may be imparted by any
other appropriate moving organs or appliances; and we so mount or
fit this rod or lever that whenever the indicating point is struck or
pressed by it, it touches in its turn the carbonized or saturated paper
and thereby produces a dot or mark on the envelope. The spring,
pendulum, or beam to which the indicating point is fitted we prefer
to connect with an elliptic tube, generally known as Bourdon's tube,
so that every deflection of this tube may impart a motion to the
indicating point; and we also provide near the spring, pendulum, or
beam a dial plate, the divisions of which may indicate or correspond
with the units of pressure or speed of the instrument or appliance to
which our apparatus may be fitted.
In order to prevent the mechanism of our apparatus from being
deranged or damaged by any escape of steam, air, or liquid we prefer
to enclose the Bourdon tube or such other appliance as may be sub-
stituted for it in a box or case furnished with a suitable opening, over
which we place a thin flexible diaphragm fitted with a rod or link, one
end of which we connect with the spring, pendulum, or beam and the
other with the Bourdon tube'; so that the diaphragm while readily
yielding to the movements of the rod or link may form an efficient
safeguard against all leakages or escapes of steam, air, or other gases,
or of liquids.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Davis, John Arthur Ilbery, Bernard Isangk,
and John Sullivan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
December 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Jonn
DAVIS, of 176, Great Dover Street, in Borough of Southwark, Civil
Engineer, JOHN ARTHUR ILBERY, of 159, Liverpool Road, Islington, in
the County of Middlesex, Merchant, BERNARD ISANGK, of 17, Gilbert
Road, Kennington, in the County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, and JOHN
SULLIVAN, of 44, Great Dover Street, in the Borough of Southwark,
Mechanical Engineer, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Davis, John Arthur
Ilbery, Bernard Isangk, and John Sullivan, Her special licence that we,
the said John Davis, John Arthur Ilbery, Bernard Isangk, and John
Sullivan, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said John Davis, John Arthur Ilbery, Bernard Isangk, and
John Sullivan, our executors, administrators, and. assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR
RECORDING GRAPHICALLY THE PRESSURES, SPECIFIC GRAVITY, AND VELOCITY OF
STEAM, AIR, AND OTHER GASES, WATER, AND OTHER LIQUIDS, AS WELL AS THE
SPEEDS OF MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said John Davis, John Arthur Ilbery, Bernard Isangk, and John
Şullivan, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Davis, John Arthur Ilbery,
Bernard Isangk, and John Sullivan, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings:-
This Invention has for its object to provide appropriate means or
appliances for recording or registering the variations of the pressure of
steam, air, or other gases in boilers or other vessels as well as in blasts,
the pressure, specific gravity, and height of water and other liquids, the
speed and motion of ships, carriages, and other vehicles, and the changes
in the readings of barometers, thermometers, and other similar instru-
ments of precision, so as to shew or indicate such variations during
certain stated periods or spaces of time by means of a curve or diagram.
To this end we provide a drum or cylindrical casing, the axis or spindle
of which we connect with the movement of a clockwork fitted with
hands and a dial plate denoting hours and minutes: Upon the surface
of the drum or cylindrical casing we roll and fix a sheet of paper or
other suitable material, called herein-after the envelope, divided in the
direction of its length by a number of lines into divisions denoting
either pounds of pressure for every square inch, atmospheres, inches, or
such other units of weight or measure as it may be required to mark or
indicate for any of the purposes for which the apparatus may be used
or employed. These longitudinal lines are intersected by certain straight
or curved transverse lines running in the direction of the axis or spindlo
of the drum or cylindrical casing, and intended to denote units or
divisions of time, such as minutes, hours, weeks, or any others. In
close proximity to the envelope we provide a piece of paper or other
appropriate material carbonized or imbued or saturated with coloring
matter, and so held or supported near the envelope by means of a wire,
a frame, or any other suitable appliance that a dot or mark may be
produced on the envelope whenever the carbonized paper is pressed
against it; and this we prefer to effect by means of a dull point or
indicating point placing the carbonized paper in contact with the
envelope by such successive movements that a series of dots or marks is
produced thereon during a stated space of time, forming a curve or
diagram which denotes the variations of pressure, speed, or movement
|during such space of time.

page_text: The indicating point or dull point we prefer to fit or mount at the end
of a spring, pendulum, or beam, moving on centers or pivots; and we so
connect the spring, pendulum, or beam with one or several of the
moving parts or organs of the steam guage or other instrument, the
variations of which it is intended to record, that the indicating point
may be free to oscillate to such a range or angle as may be required for
the purpose. With a view to place the indicating point readily in
contact with the carbonized or saturated paper at stated intervals we
provide a suitably shaped rod or lever, which may be actuated by the
movements of the clockwork connected with the drum or cylindrical
casing, or to which motion may be imparted by any other appropriate
moving organs or appliances; and we so mount or fit this rod or lever
that whenever the indicating point is struck or pressed by it, it touches
in its turn the carbonized or saturated paper, and thereby produces a
dot or mark on the cnvelope. The spring, pendulum, or beam to which
the indicating point is fitted, we prefer to connect with an elliptic
tube generally known as Bourdon's tube, so that every deflection of this
tube may impart a motion to the indicating point; and we also provide
near the spring, pendulum, or beam, a dial plate, the divisions of which
may indicate or correspond with the units of pressure or speed of the
instrument or appliance to which our apparatus may be fitted.
•
In order to provent the mechanism of our apparatus from being
deranged or damaged by any escape of steam, air, or liquid we prefer
to enclose the Bourdon tubo or such other appliance as may be sub-
stituted for it in a box or case furnished with a suitable opening, over
which we place a thin flexible diaphragm fitted with a rod or link, one
end of which we connect with the spring, pendulum, or beam, and the
other with the Bourdon tube, so that the diaphragm while readily yield-
ing to the movements of the rod or link may form an efficient safeguard
against all leakages or escapes of steam, air, or other gases, or of liquids.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings we have shewn an apparatus
constructed according to our Invention as applied to the recording of
the pressures of steam, air, or other gases, in boilers or other generators
or vessels.
Tiouse 1 ia on elevation or front view of the annaratus: Ficure 2.

page_text: In Figures 2 and 3 none but the essential parts or moving organs of
the apparatus have been shewn. In these three views as well as in the
additional ones the same parts are denoted by identical letters.
To
A is the case or box in which the whole apparatus may be enclosed,
and which in order to make the Drawing clearer, we have shown here
without the lid with which wo prefer to cover it; B is an elliptic tube
known by the name of Bourdon tube, and so connected with the boiler
or generator, by means of a pipe or tube C, as to be sensible of all
changes or alterations in the pressure of the fluids or gases contained
in the vessel. To the end of the guago tube B a cranked lever D is
fitted, which is connected with a rod E, the end of which is connected
with a spindle F passing through an aperture G in the web of the case
or box A, furnished with a partition or diaphragm made of india-rubber
or other suitable material, and acting as a safeguard against leakages
or escapes of steam or liquid. To the end of this spindle F we fix a
lever 1, which in its turn is connected by means of the blade I with the
crank J mounted upon another spindle L supported by the bearing M,
or else connected with the apparatus in any other suitable manner.
the end of the spindle L we fit a cross head N, to which we attach the
pendulum arm or rod O, terminating in a dull point or indicating
point P. We provide and fix to the frame or case of the apparatus
a clockwork Q fitted with a dial and hands R, and we so connect this
clockwork by means of a worm wheel S with a set of toothed wheels or
othor gearings T, U, V, that the last-named wheel V, being furnished
with a stud or pin v, by which the drum or cylindrical casing W may
be held, causes the drum W to revolve on being itself actuated by the
movement of the clockwork Q. The drum W we prefer to mount on
the spindle of the gearing V, so that its revolutions may be identical
with those of V. Upon the revolving drum W may be fastened in any
suitable manner the envelope X, shown separately in Figure 4, and
divided by the longitudinal lines x, denoting units of pressure, and the
transverse lines B denoting units of time. Upon this envelope we place
the carbonized paper Y in such a manner as to enable the dull point P
to produce a dot upon the envelope at stated intervals, thus producing
upon the envelope a diagram recording the pressure of the gas or liquid
at every moment, while the apparatus is at work. The carbonized paper
Y wo prefer to secure by means of set screws or in any other suitable
manner, in the slide Z mounted upon an axis or spindle z, and kept in

page_text: its place by means of a spring, a stud, or any other appliance. Upon
⚫ the central or moving shaft or spindle of the clockwork we mount an
excentric A¹ in such a manner as to make it work into a forked arm B¹,
so connected with a lever arm 0¹, a counterweight D¹, and a link E³, as
to cause the crank arm F¹ to pivot on its axis G³. The axis z of the
slide Z being fitted to this crank arm F is slightly raised or depressed,
and thus the carbonized paper Y is likewise raised or lowered by the
working of the clock, and thus the dull point P is made to bear on the
various parts of the carbonized paper, thereby insuring the production
of a clear and distinct mark upon the envelope, whenever the point P
bears upon the colored paper Y. To press the pendulum arm O̟ and
thence the dull point P forward at stated intervals we provide a wire
frame H³ mounted upon an axis I', and so connected with the clock-
work Qas to strike the pendulum arm O, and thereby placing the
point P in contact with the carbonized paper produce the required
mark upon the envelope X. The drum or cylindrical casing W, upon
which this envelope is fitted, we prefer so to mount upon its axis J¹ as
to be able to remove it whenever a fresh envelope is to be put on. To
keep it in its place while in action we provide an arm K¹ that may pivot
on an axis m and be held in its place by means of a spring L'.
By a modification of the arrangement described we prefer in some
cases to actuate the drum or cylindrical case W by means of a set of
gearings V, U, U¹, T, shewn in Figure 5 in a detached side view; the
toothed wheel T being of the kind commonly known as contrate wheel
or crown wheel and being actuated by a toothed wheel T connected with
the clockwork Q.
With a view to shew the readings of the instrument irrespectively of
the manner herein described of recording the same by diagrams, we
provide a dial plate, the divisions of which may denote the units of
pressure for which the instrument may be designed, and this dial plate
we so fit to the instrument that the pendulum may shew the exact
pressures at any moment. In order to shew the moving parts or organs
of the apparatus more clearly we have given in Figure 6 a detached
view of this dial plate.
By another modification of the arrangement shewn we prefer in some
cases to use paper of indefinite length, so as to produce diagrams
shewing the variations of pressure during a protracted space of time,
such as a week. a month. or more. instead of a working day as in

page_text: Figure 4. To this end we provide a roller M³, Figure 7, on which the
desired quantity of paper may be so rolled as to pass on to the drum W
which is worked upon by a dull point in the manner described here-
toforo.
By fitting the moving organs of the apparatus constructed according
to our Invention, as shewn in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, to
any kind of machines, instruments, or vehicles, we are enabled to record
in a similar manner to the one described all variations of pressure,
speed, or motion, as well as generally all changes in mechanical
effects.
In applying the apparatus to locomotives or other vehicles, or to ships,
we prefer in order to prevent the irregularity in the motion of the
pendulum arm O to produce the spindle L to which the pendulum arm
is fitted, in such a manner as to carry its opposite extremity into the
interior of a small reservoir or other vessel filled with water or other
liquid. To this extremity we prefer to fit or attach an arm, blade, or
fan, bearing upon or plunged into such water or other liquid in such a
manner that the water itself acts as a cushion or frictionless break,
thereby arresting and counteracting violent shocks and vibrations of the
pendulum arm.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and illus-
trated the same by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, we wish it
to be understood that we do not claim the use of flexible tubes for
the purpose of denoting the pressures of steam or other
gases, neither
do we claim the recording of pressures by diagrams, this having been
known and practised for a long time, but what we claim is,-
First. The use or employment of the mechanical means described in
the foregoing and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
for producing diagrams recording the variations of pressure, speed, or
motion during stated periods or spaces of time.
Secondly. The use or employment of a dull point working upon a
paper, carbonized or imbued with coloring matter for producing marks
in the manner herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
Thirdly. The mode or manner of altering or varying, by the
mechanical means described herein, and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, the position of the carbonized paper so as to

page_text: insure the production of a clear mark upon the diagram paper at all
times.
Fourthly. The use or employment of the partition or diaphragm made
of india-rubber or other flexible material, described herein and illustrated
in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings for acting as safeguard against
leakages or escapes of steam or liquid.
Fifthly. The mode or manner described herein of counteracting the
vibrations of the pendulum arm in applying the apparatus constructed
according to our Invention, to locomotives, or other vehicles, or to
ships.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Davis, John Arthur Ilbery,
Bernard Isangk, and John Sullivan, have hereunto set our
hands and seals, this Twenty-second day of December, in
the ycar of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.