Improvements in and relating to Machines for Producing Type- surfaces for Letterpress Printing.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 20th Dec., 1890
Improvements in and relating to Machines for Producing Type-
surfaces for Letterpress Printing.
A communication from abroad by THE NATIONAL TYPOGRAPHIC COMPANY
(a Company organized under the laws of the State of West Virginia), having
its principal places of business at Washington, D.C., and New York City,
United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool & 6, Bank Street Manchester
both in the County of Lancaster & 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to enable an operator, by manipulating the finger-
keys which respresent the respective letters or characters, and spaces, to produce
what are now known in the art as "linotypes," that is to say, bars or type each
bearing on one edge properly justified the characters to print an entire line, so that
when a series of these linotypes are. assembled side by side, they will present a type
surface identical with that of the ordinary single type arranged in column or page
form.
The present machine is intended as an improvement upon the machines heretofore
invented by Mr. Ottmar Mergenthaler of the United States and for which Letters
Patent have been granted in England being No. 11670 of 1884, Nos. 1833, 2823,
5823, 8457 all four of 1885, Nos. 9115 and 10525 both of 1886 and No. 5582 of
1890.
Like its predecessors, the present machine embraces as its fundamental features,
a series of female type or matrices bearing individual characters: a series of
variable spaces or guides arranged to be assembled in line: a power driven com-
posing or assembling mechanism controlled by finger keys and adapted to assemble
matrices bearing the designated characters and spaces in line after the manner that
lines of ordinary type are composed or assembled: a mould having internal
dimensions corresponding with those of the required linotypes: mechanism for
transferring the assembled lines of matrices and spaces one after another to the
front of the mould in such manner that it is temporarily closed thereby means
for adjusting the spaces while the line is in front of the mould to effect the justi-
fication of the line: a melting-pot in which a large supply of type metal is
maintained constantly in a molten condition: a pump by which the molten metal
is delivered into the mould and against the matrices at its front, thereby producing
the linotype, and finally, a distributing mechanism by which the matrices and
spaces in each line are distributed and returned to the magazines from which they
started.
:
The present improvements relate to the construction of the magazine, to the
escapement devices for discharging the matrices from the magazine, to the finger
key mechanism and co-operating parts through which the escapement devices are
positively operated whenever a key is depressed in the slightest, to the means for
assembling the matrices and spaces in line after they are discharged from the
magazines, to the means for transferring the assembled line to the mould and for
clamping it in front thereof, to means for adjusting the spacing devices first
successively and thereafter in series, to the means for separating the spaces from the
matrices and transferring them to their respective distributing devices, and to
sundry details in the distributing mechanism. There are also minor improvements
to be hereinafter referred to.

page_text: Igre i is an elevation of the complete machine.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of the magazine on the line 3-3,
Figures 1, 4 and 5.
Figure 4 is a transverse vertical section of the magazine on the line 4-4,
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Figure 5 is a top plan view of the lower magazine plate, showing grooves in
which the matrices travel.
Figure 6 is a vertical section from front to rear, through the matrix-delivering
mechanism and part of the magazine on the line 6-6, Figure 1.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section on the line 7-7 of Figure 6 looking downward.
Figure 8 is a detail view of one of the operating springs and its roller.
Figure 9 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the magazine and delivering
mechanism for the space-bars.
Figure 10 is an end view of the same partly in vertical section.
Figure 11 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 is a perspective view of one of these parts.
Figure 12 is a front elevation showing the assembling and transferring mechanism
and the face of the mould.
Figure 13 is a front view partly in section, on the line 13-13 of Figure 14,
showing the details of the assembling devices.
Figure 14 is a top plan view of a portion of the same.
Figure 15 is a detail view with parts in vertical section on the line 15-15 of
Figure 14.
Figure 16 is a perspective view of the receiving ends of the assembling block.
Figure 17 is a vertical section through a device adjacent to the front of the
assembling-block, to secure the proper admission of the space bars to the line.
Figures 18, 19 and 20 are outline views showing, in front elevation, and in their
successive positions, parts for transferring the aligned matrices from the point of
assemblage to the mould.
Figure 21 is a vertical section from front to rear through the lower part of the
machine, on the line 21-21 of Figure 1, showing the entire casting and justifying
mechanism with the line of matrices in position.
Figure 22 is a longitudinal vertical section through the vertically-moving yoke
by which the matrices are presented in front of the mould, the section being taken
on the line 22-22 of Figure 23, looking toward the front of the machine.
Figure 23 is a top plan view of the yoke shown in the preceding figure.
Figure 24 is a cross-section of the yoke on the line 24-24 of Figures 22
and 23.
Figure 25 is an elevation of the matrix-clamping and justifying devices viewed
from the rear.
Figure 26 is a vertical section of the same from front to rear, on the line 26-26,
Figure 5.
Figure 27 is a detail view showing a portion of the cams and levers for operating
the justifying devices.
Figure 28 is a top plan view of one arm of the justifying lever.
Figures 29, 30 and 31 are rear elevations of the clamping and justifying devices
with the line of matrices and space-bars in position, showing the successive
positions of the various parts during the justifying operation.
Figure 32 is a top plan view of the driving mechanism of the machine, showing
the various cams, driving clutches, starting levers, etcetera.
Figure 33 is a top plan view showing in detail means for starting the machine
automatically or at will.
Figure 34 is a view showing in side elevation mechanism for lifting the line of
matrices to the distributor.
Figure 35 is a view of details pertaining to said arm. ·

page_text: Figure 36 is a rear elevation showing principally the mechanism for separating
the space-bars from the line of matrices after the casting operation.
Figure 37 is a plan view of certain parts shown in the preceding figure.
Figure 38 is a cross-section on the line 38-38 of Figures 1 and 36.
Figures 39 and 40 are vertical cross-sections on the line 39-39, Figures 1
and 36, showing the matrix elevator and other parts in the successive positions
which they occupy during the separation of the matrices from the space-bars.
Figure 41 is a cross-section on the line 41-41, Figures 1 and 36.
Figure 42 is a perspective view of the matrix elevator.
Figure 43 is a rear elevation of the parts by which the matrices and space-bars
are presented to the separating devices and the space-bars transferred to their holder
or magazine.
Figure 44 is a side view of certain parts of the operating devices shown in the
preceding figure.
Figure 45 is a stop device used when linotypes are to be produced in duplicate
from the same line of matrices.
Figures 46, 47, 48 and 49 are diagrams illustrating the action of the mechanism
shown in Figures 42 and 44, for separating the matrices from the space-bars.
Figure 50 is a front elevation of the receiving end of the distributing
mechanism.
Figure 51 is a rear elevation of the same.
Figure 52 is a cross-section on the line 52-52 of Figures 1, 50 and 51.
Figure 53 is a longitudinal vertical section of the distributor on the line 53-53,
Figure 52.
Figure 53 is a similar section showing the apparatus in action.
Figure 54 is a front elevation of the rear or delivery end of the distributing
mechanism, showing particularly the driving mechanism and automatic stop
devices.
Figure 55 is a cross-section on the line 55-55, Figures 1 and 54.
Figure 56 is a vertical cross-section on the line 56-56, Figure 54, looking in the
direction indicated by the arrow, with the parts in their normal or operative
position.
Figure 57 is a similar view looking toward the mouth of the magazine, with the
parts thrown out of action by the lodgment of a matrix therein.
Figures 58 and 59 are perspective views looking respectively from the rear end
and from the front of the devices which sustain the matrices immediately before
their delivery to the distributing rail.
Figure 60 is a side elevation of the main-driving clutch and connection through
which the motion of the machine is controlled.
Figure 61 is a top plan view showing the same portions in horizontal section.
Figure 62 is a side elevation showing the cam and lever connections for operating
the matrix-shifting or transferring devices.
Figure 63 is a perspective view of one of the matrices employed in the machine.
Figure 64 is a perspective view of one of the space-bars.
Figure 65 is a perspective view of one of the linotypes, the product of the
machine.
J
Figure 66 a diagram of the driving devices.
Figures 67 and 68 elevations of the matrix clamping mechanisms.
Figures 69 to 72 views showing the details of the same.
Figure 73 a horizontal section through the mould and the attendant parts.
GENERAL ORGANIZATION.
A represents a rigid main-frame, which may be of any form or construction,
adapted to sustain the operative parts herein described. B is the magazine in

page_text: on the back, or secured to a suitable frame to keep them in position, and are held
at a suitable distance apart by the posts 63 at the sides or by other suitable
connections.
The magazine as a whole is mounted at such inclination that the matrices will
descend therethrough with certainty and rapidity, reliance being placed, in this
form of machine, wholly upon gravity to effect the discharge of the matrices when
released.
This
The magazine is mounted, by preference, as a whole so that it may be instantly
removed from the machine. To this end, it is provided on the under side with
returning shoulders, seated on a transverse rib in the main-frame.
supports the upper end of the magazine while the lower end is supported on adjusting
screws 6, seated in the main-frame.
To facilitate the entrance of the matrices to the magazine, the grooves are
expanded horizontally at their receiving ends, as shown at b, Figure 5. At their
lower ends, the grooves are brought as closely together as possible in order to
permit the use of a compact key-board, but they diverge toward their upper and
receiving ends, as shown in Figure 5, in order that the widened mouths may be
employed and to ensure the proper admission of the matrices from the distributor.

page_text: finger-key may have been released prematurely. The roller and spring will retain
the rod in its elevated position and thus give ample time for the escape of the
released matrix before the escapement is returned to its original position. As the
roller and spring will hold the rod permanently in its elevated position, it is
necessary to provide means for depressing the same after a short interval of
time. For this purpose, each of the rods is provided with a rigid projecting arm e
carrying a vertical eccentric e. Across each rank or row of rods, there is mounted
a horizontal roller e', sustained in bearings on the frame and constantly rotating.
Whenever a rod is lifted to discharge a matrix, its eccentric e' is brought in contact
with the roller and is frictionally revolved thereby. As the eccentric is thus
rotated, it is forced bodily downward by reason of its shape and carries with it
the rod E. The normal position of the rod and eccentric is shown on the right
hand in Figure 6, while the action of the eccentric and depressing rod is shown on
the left hand in the same figure.
From the foregoing it will be understood that the escapement is positively
actuated whenever the operator partly depresses a finger-key, and that after being
operated, the parts are automatically returned to their normal positions.
This machine, it is believed, is the first in which there is combined, with a
matrix or type-discharging mechanism, a finger-key and a positively-acting device
brought into action by a partial movement of the finger-key to complete the
action of the discharging mechanism and this is claimed broadly in any form the
mechanical equivalent of that herein shown.
In order to reduce the friction of the moving parts, there is mounted between
the two ranks of rods E, on a single shaft, a series of loose rollers 8 bearing one
against each of the rods, as shown in Figures 6 and 7.
ASSEMBLING MECHANISM.
On being discharged from the magazine, the matrices descend vertically through
the vertical channels or guides G consisting simply of ribs g applied to a vertical
back-plate g and covered at the front by a hinged glass-plate 92, which affords a
constant view of the interior and permits convenient access. The lower ends of
the ribs are deflected slightly to the left, as in the former machine, and terminate
near the belt H, in order that the matrices may be presented flatwise and with
the proper end foremost upon the belt. The belt is supported on a circular
pulley hat a slight distance above the assembling-block. Passing from the belt,
they descend on an inclined fixed plate, ', which straddles the belt and directs
them downward into the open end of the assembling-block I plainly shown in
Figures 12, 14, 15 and 16. Directly opposite the open end of the assembling-block
is mounted a rotary wheel 2 of triangular or other polygonal form, receiving a
constant rotary motion through a pulley ³ and belt h from the pulley 5 on the
shaft of the pulley h. The angular wheel " operates through a slot in the lower
end of the guide-plate h' and serves to force the descending matrices forward one
after another into the assembling-block, where they stand in vertical position side
by side, as shown in Figure 12.
The space-bars suspended in their reservoir K are delivered one at a time
therefrom, and descend through a conductor k to the front of the assembling-block
into which they are carried in the same manner as the matrices and added to the
line in the course of composition or assemblage. As the space-bars have but a
short distance to fall, there is danger that a bar may arrive at the assembling-
block before or at the same time with a matrix previously released from the
magazine. To avoid the possibility of this occurrence, a stop-lever is pivoted
adjacent to the conductor k, its lower end acted upon as shown in Figure 17, by
cam and its upper end arranged to enter the conductor k. The cam is so
shaped and timed that the lever permits the descent of the space-bars during
certain intervals only, these intervals being sufficiently separated to ensure the
delivery of a matrix in the meanwhile from the magazine to the assembling-block.

page_text: In order to prevent the matrices from rebounding and escaping from the
assembling-block, I, it is provided, as shown in Figures 13, 14 and 16, at the top,
with beveled hooks or latches i actuated by springs i¹, and serving to engage the
The block is also
upper ends of the matrices as they enter the block.
provided with stationary shoulders ², to engage the lower ends of the matrices,
The advancing line of matrices acts against a yielding resistant J, consisting of an
upright finger on the end of a horizontal sliding-bar 7, which is guided in the main-
frame and urged constantly to the right by means of a weighted lever j², pivoted to
the main-frame and connected to the bar by link j³, as shown in Figures 1 and 12.
As the resistant is forced forward step by step through the action of the rotary
wheel h² and the intervening matrices, it is detained, by a pawl, pivoted to the
frame and engaging teeth on a sliding bar, as shown in Figures 1 and 12.
It is to be understood that the resistant J is free to move forward through the
assembling-block with the line of accumulating matrices, and that the assembling-
block is slotted vertically in such manner that it may rise freely and carry the
assembled line upward away from the resistant, from the level at which they were
assembled to the level of the stationary guide H. The vertical movement of the
assembling-block is effected by a hand-lever ³, pivoted to the main-frame and
connected by a link to the block, as shown particularly in Figures 1 and 12.
A spring acts on the lever ³ to ensure the descent of the assembling-block.
A small lever, pivoted to the frame, engages the dog at one end, and at the
opposite end is connected to a vertical bar having a pin in the path of the
descending lever i³, so that, when the lever is operated to elevate the assembling-
block and lift the matrices, the dog jis disengaged and the resistant J permitted
to return to its original position to the right, preparatory to the assemblage of a
new line, after the assembling-block descends.
For the purpose of transferring the assembled line from the elevated assembling-
block across the guide M to the vertically-movable yoke N, (see particularly
Figures 18 to 20) there is employed a horizontally movable "shifter so called,
consisting of the vertical arms L L' carried by independent slides guided in the
main-frame so that the arms may move from right to left.
A latch 1, pivoted to the frame, holds the arm L' normally on the right of the
assembling-block, and a spring urges the arm L constantly toward arm L¹. The
lower end of arm L is arranged to engage the upper end of the resistant J, as
shown in the several figures, so that, as the accumulating line forces the resistant
forward, the latter carries with it the arm L, thus increasing the distance between
the arms L L to correspond with the length of the line of matrices, so that the
latter may be lifted, by the assembling-block between said arms, from the original
position shown in Figure 18 to the elevated position shown in Figure 19. After
the line is thus placed within the grasp of the shifter-arms, they are both moved to
the left carrying the line between them out of the assembling-block and through the
guide M into the yoke N. This forward movement of the shifter is secured, as
shown in Figures 12, 32 and 61, by an upright lever 12 mounted on a fore and aft
shaft 3 in the main-frame, urged constantly to the left by a spring and connected
When the latch / is released,
at its upper end to the slide of arm L', by a link 1.
the spring acts through the intermediate parts and immediately carries the
shifter to the left. The speed at which the shifter advances is controlled by
a piston-rod 16, connected to the shifter and provided with a piston 1, travelling
in a stationary cylinder 18, the cylinder being provided with a restricted opening 19
for the admission of air, or with equivalent means by which the admission of air
may be limited. After the shifter is moved to the left, as stated, it is returned to
its normal position by an arm 110 keyed to the rock-shaft P, and bearing, as shown
in Figure 51, against a cam face on the side of the vertical wheel 111.
In order to attract the operator's attention when the assemblage of a line in the
block I is nearly completed, a bell 10 is provided and a small bell crank lever ¿¹2
is also mounted on the frame with one end in position to operate the striker, and
the other in position to encounter the stud ³, adjustably secured in a horizontal

page_text: slot in the bar of the resistant so that it may be fixed in position to sound the alarm
whenever the line reaches a predetermined length.
In order to prevent the possibility of the assembling block being lifted with the
line of matrices before the shifter has returned to the proper position to receive the
line, there is pivoted to the main-frame, as shown in Figures 13 and 15, a latch ",
to engage over the corner of the block I to hold it down, as seen in Figure 15.
When the shifter-arm L' returns to its normal position at the right, it encounters
this latch and disengages the same from the block.
In order to prevent the assembling-block, I, from descending before the entire
line of matrices is shifted therefrom, there is pivoted to the frame a spring-actuated
dog adapted to automatically engage the assembling-block and hold the same
in its elevated position, as shown in Figure 19. As the shifter-arm L' moves
forward past the assembling-block I, it encounters the dog 16, as shown in dotted
lines in Figure 20, and disengages the same from the assembling-block, which
descends automatically to its original position to receive matrices for the next line.
SPACE-BAR DELIVERY.
The receptacle K, which contains the space-bars, is vertically slotted so that
they hang in a pendent position therein, suspended by their shoulders on the upper
inclined edges of the receptacle, as in the previous machine of Mr. Ottmar
Mergenthaler for which English Letters Patent as aforesaid have been granted, so
that they descend by gravity toward one side of the receptacle against detaining
shoulders at its top and the shoulders at its bottom (see Figure 9). A rock-
shaft through the base of the receptacle carries two arms which, in turn,
support vertically moving slides acting beneath the shoulders of the front bar
to lift the same above the shoulders 7, so that it may slide out of the front of the
box, and descend through the conductor to the assembling block below.
These delivering devices are operated by a rod k¹² extending downward and
connected through an elbow lever k¹³ and link k¹ to a finger-key . A spring k",
fastened to the frame, bears, at its free end, against a roller on the rear end of the
finger-key, and acts to hold the delivery slides " and the key normally in an
elevated position. When the key is depressed, it depresses the slides k", and when
it is released, the spring lifts the slide and effects the delivery of the space-bar, the
delivery being effected it will be perceived, not by the depression, but by the
release of the key.
In order to ensure the action of the delivery devices and to retard their return
movements so that the space-bars may be certain to escape, there is adapted the
spring to underride the roller on the key and complete the stroke of the latter,
the action being essentially the same as that of the matrix-delivering keys. The
parts are returned to their normal positions by an eccentric k" on the finger-key,
acting against the roller e' before mentioned.
CASTING AND CLAMPING MECHANISM.
The casting mechanism proper, as shown in Figures 2 and 21, is composed
principally of a vertical wheel O having the slot or mould proper o cut there-
through from front to rear, and of a melting-pot V located behind the mould-wheel
and provided with a delivery mouth v, adapted to close the rear side of the mould
and to deliver molten metal therein, under the influence of a pump v', in the pot.
The mould-wheel is mounted on a central horizontal journal o² formed on or
attached to an arm o³ extending laterally from one side of the slide of extended past
the side of the pot and mounted in guides on the main-frame, so that the mould-
wheel may be carried horizontally forward and backward, to and from the line
of matrices presented against its face as in previous machines of Mr. Ottmar
Mergenthaler. The melting-pot is sustained by upright lugs v pivoted at their
ends to the main-frame, so that it may swing to and from the mould, and is

page_text: constantly heated by one or more gas burners ³ which may be of any appropriate
construction. The mould-wheel stands normally with the mould or slot in a
horizontal position at its top, and it is while in this position that the matrices were
presented against it and the casting operation performed. The mould receives an
intermitting rotation through gear teeth o' on its back, engaged (see Figure 21) by
a pinion of on a horizontal shaft o' mounted in the main-frame and provided, at its
rear end, with a stop motion pinion of engaging corresponding teeth and delay
surfaces on the vertical wheel o³. While the mould is in this position the line of
matrices is lowered by the yoke N, in front of its face, across the slot or mould
proper, as shown in Figure 21.
In order to clamp the matrices against each other and against the face of the
mould to secure their accurate alignment, the following construction is adopted :-
The top or head of the vise P has a vertical face p to bear against the front of
the yoke N, and firmly sustain the same against the pressure of the matrices, as the
mould advances against them from the rear. The head of the vise is also provided
with two rearwardly-projection jaws p¹ and p² movable horizontally to the right
and left (see Figures 21, 25, 26, 29, etcetera) so that the matrices are lowered
between them by the descending yoke. After the matrices are in position these
jaws are closed together against opposite ends of the line by a screw p³ actuated
through a pinion on its end by a vertical rack-bar pt connected to the lever which
operates the justifying slide. They act, it will be seen, to hold the matrices in line
against the face of the mould and to limit the length to which the line is extended
or justified by the movement of the tapered space-bars which are driven upward
between the matrices in the same general manner as in the previous patent of
Mr. Ottmar Mergenthaler.
In
As the closure of the mould at the front depends on the presentation of a matrix
line of sufficient length, and as it may sometimes occur that the matrix line will be too
short, or that the pump may be actuated when one line is present, the closing of the
mould is provided for at such times, in whole or in part, by one of the matrix-
clamping jaws. This jaw, as shown in Figure 21, is adapted to slide across the
face of the mould to its companion at the opposite side, and is made of such
length and so fitted to the face of the mould that, in thus advancing, it covers and
tightly closes the face of the mould, preventing the escape of the molten metal and
producing a blank surface on the top edge of the linotype for a part or the whole of
its length. By operating the casting mechanism without the presentation of matrices,
but with the jaw closed as described, the operator is enabled to produce blank bars
or slugs adapted for spacing purposes as substitutes for the ordinary "leads."
order to secure the described action of the jaw p', in closing the mould, it is mounted,
as shown in Figures 25, 69, 70, 71, 73, to slide loosely or freely around the operating
screw and subjected to the constant pressure of a spring 20 by which it is
automatically closed whenever released. The jaw is toothed to engage a pawl 21
by which it is automatically held as it is pushed back from its companion by the
advancing shifter-finger L. A pin 2, rising from the pawl, is acted upon by the
descending yoke N, and thus the jaw p¹ is released and permitted to close whenever
the yoke descends, and this whether the yoke presents to the mould a long line of
matrices, a short line, or no matrices whatever. If matrices are present, the
jaw pl will advance against and be arrested by the end of theline. In order to
apply to the jaw such pressure that the matrices may be tightly compressed in the
line, a nut 4 is mounted on the screw p³ in position to act against the rear of the
jaw when the screw is turned. Jaw p² is sustained by adjustable nuts p³ on
the screw.
While it is preferred to employ. the matrix-clamping jaw as the means of closing
the mould in whole or in part, the skilled mechanic will understand that a special
slide or equivalent closing device may be employed. The present invention, it is
believed, is the first in which is combined, with devices for presenting a series of
matrices at one time to a mould, a means for closing the mould in whole or in part
in the absence of the matrices, or in the event of the matrix line being too short to
B

page_text: completely cover and close the mould, and this invention therefore includes such
arrangement in any form the equivalent of that herein described.
It is also to be understood that although there is shown the preferred means for
effecting the opening and closing actions of the jaw adapted to close the mould,
these details may be modified at will.
In order that access may be readily had to the various parts carried by the vise-
frame, the latter is connected to the main-frame, as shown in Figures 2 and 21 by a
horizontal pivot-bolt at the bottom, and fastening screws p2 at the top, so that the
screws being released it may be tipped forward as indicated by dotted lines in
Figure 67.
In the normal operation of the machine, the requisite pressure is applied to the
matrix-clamping jaws by the screw p³ as heretofore mentioned. As the length of
the line depends upon the accurate adjustment of the jaws by the screw, the end of the
screw is now provided, in addition to the pinion by which it is turned, with an
arm 26 attached to the end of the screw in position to be acted upon by the end of
the rack-bar, and to slide upon the face of the bar as the latter continues its upward
and downward movement after its teeth are disengaged from those of the pinion.
The arm serves as a lever against which the rack-bar acts with great advantage to
assist in turning the screw, and it further serves as a rest or stop to bear against the
face of the rack-bar, to hold the screw from backward rotation and thus relieve the
pinion teeth from the friction and wear to which they would otherwise be subjected
by the rack-bar sliding against them. The jaws are closed by the rising movement
of the rack-bar. When it is fully elevated, and when the parts are subjected to the
severest strain by the wedging action of the spaces, the screw is held by the arm p26,
bearing against the smooth face of the rack-bar.
The face of the mould is grooved or channeled as shown in cross-section in
Figure 21 to receive the shoulders at the lower edge of the matrices. The cam
which operated the yoke N is so formed and timed that, before the casting
operation occurs, it acts to urge the yoke sufficiently to seat the upper faces of the
lower matrix shoulders firmly against the top of the groove or channel in the face
of the mould-wheel. In this manner, the upper faces of the lower shoulders are
rendered instrumental in securing the requisite alignment of the matrices in front
of the mould. As these upper faces of the shoulders are not subjected to wear
during the passage of the matrices through the machine, they remain in their
original condition, and in this manner there is avoided the liability of inaccuracy in
alignment which attends the use for aligning purposes of shoulders or surfaces
liable to wear. The fact that the matrices are aligned by an upward as distin-
guished from a downward pressure is also advantageous in that the justifying
wedges, in rising, have no tendency to destroy the vertical adjustment or alignment
of the matrices.
Heretofore it has been the custom in these machines to drive the entire series of
space-bars upward simultaneously and uniformly, to effect the justification, by
means of a slide rising beneath and against their lower ends. As the space-bars
rise, they are shifted laterally to a greater or less extent by the movement of the
matrices between which they rest. Their lower ends, being in frictional engage-
ment with the lifting device, are held against lateral movement and consequently
the bars are occasionally sprung or bent. To avoid this difficulty, there is now
provided a lifting device which acts on the space-bars in succession commencing at
one end of the line, so that each bar is shifted laterally to about the position it finally
occupies before it is lifted.
6
The devices for this purpose are shown in Figures 29, 30 and 31, in which p
represents the lifting plate underlying the position which the space-bars occupy in
front of the mould. This plate is connected at its opposite end by links p' to the
top of two vertically-sliding rods ps and guided in the vise-frame. The rod p
is connected through a yielding link with one arm of a vertically vibrating
lever p, while the rod is loosely embraced by the end of a vertically vibrating
lever and provided with a collar p¹³ above the lever. The levers p¹¹ and p2 are

page_text: 12
13
connected through intervening links to the respective weighted levers p¹³ and p",
which act to raise the rods 8 and 9, and thereby carry the lifting plate pe against
the space-bars. The lifting levers" and 2 are both controlled as to their rising
movement and positively depressed at the proper time, the former by the cam pis
and the latter by the cam pl. These cams are so shaped that the rod p8 first acts
to raise one end of the plate pe and thereby lift the space-bars, as shown in Figure 29,
after which the opposite end of the plate is also elevated, thereby forcing the
remainder of the space-bars upward in succession.
As the lifting plate pe is inclined in the direction toward which the space-bars
shift, it offers no resistance to the shifting motion. The plate t assumes the
horizontal position before the clamping devices finally act, and thus places the
matrices in substantially the positions they are to occupy while they
are still free
to move. After the other parts are all in position, the rods 7,8 and p are permitted
by the cam to rise simultaneously and complete the justification, the final move-
ment of the part being very slight.
The essence of this invention in this regard lies in advancing the space-bars
successively, and it will be manifest to the skilled mechanic that the devices herein
shown may be modified in many respects or replaced by other devices on the same
principle of operation.
After the matrices are in position, the mould advances tightly against their rear
edges, the melting-pot advances against the mould, and the mould is filled with
molten metal producing the required linotype, after which the melting-pot retreats
from the mould, the mould retreats from the matrices and the clamps release the
matrices. The mould-wheel then makes a partial revolution, so that the linotype
While the
stands in a vertical position (see Figure 10), when the motion ceases.
mould is in this position, a horizontally-sliding ejector-blade o¹, guided in the main-
frame, advances through the mould and pushes the linotype out of the mould into
the path of vibrating finger 30 by a galley or receiver v which is carried laterally
at the front of the machine. After this action, the ejector retreats and the mould
continues its rotation to its first position. As the matrices and space-bars have
now performed their functions, the next step is to distribute them that they may be
used again. The first step in this operation is to separate the matrices from the
snace bars which is accomplished by the means now to be described.
อ
The matrices, sustained in the yoke N, are lifted by its rising movement from
their position in front of the mould to the level of the guide rail or support R
(see Figures 1, 39, 40, 46 and 47).
This guide R, which for the time being, registers with the elevated yoke so as to
form in effect a horizontal continuation thereof, extends to the right and is slotted
internally to admit both the matrices and space-bars, which are carried from the
yoke by the horizontally-moving slides S. The guide R is of the sectional form
shown in Figures 38, 39 and 40, being provided with longitudinal grooves r, which
engage the cars of the space-bars so as to hold them from rising while the matrices,
of less width, may be lifted freely from between the space-bars. In order to lift the
matrices and leave the space-bars behind within the guide R, there is provided a
longitudinally ribbed or toothed platet, suspended by a link, t', from the end of the
swinging arm T, which is jointed to the main-frame so that it may swing vertically
and carry the ribbed plate from a position within the guide R, to a position at
the end of the distributor hereinafter described. The plate t being seated within
ends
the guide R, as shown in Figures 36, 39 and 46, is straddled by the. upper
of the matrices when they are shifted laterally into the guide shown in Figures 39
and 47, the teeth on the plate engaging the teeth on the matrix, as plainly shown in
Figure 39, so that when the arm T swings upward, carrying the plate, the latter
lifts the matrices out of the guide R, as shown in Figure 40, carrying them
thence upward to the distributor, while the space-bars remain in the guide as shown

page_text: in Figures 40 and 48. The guide R is extended to the right and connected with
the space-bar receptacle K. A hook u moving from right to left overrides the upper
ends of the space-bars through the guide R of the matrices, and engaging the last
bar on the left sweeps the entire series of space-bars through the guide R to the
receptacle K. This action is plainly illustrated in Figures 48 and 49, which,
however, being taken from the rear, show the movement from the left instead of from
the right.
The slide S for shifting the line into the guide and the hook u are operated in
the manner shown in Figure 43. The shifting slide is connected by links to the
upper end of a lever s¹, mounted on a rock-shaft s², in the main-frame. The shaft is
provided with a short arm s³ connected by link s to an arm s³, on a second rock-
shafts, which in turn carries a second arm s connected by a link to a slide-
block Ú carrying the hook u. A strong spring $10 attached to the frame actuates
the arms and tends to move the parts in the direction indicated by the arrows.
The rock-shaft s² carries at its rear end an arm s¹ acting against a cam face on the
side of a vertical wheel s12, which acts to move the parts in opposition to the
spring.
Viewed from the rear of the machine, the parts stand normally in the position
shown in Figures 43 and 46. The slide S shifts the entire line into the guide
while at the same time the hook u overrides the line and passes to the right.
The matrices are then lifted out and the hook u shifts the space-bars to the left, the
slide S at the same time returning to the normal position.
The guide R is hinged as before described, in order that the matrices may be
lifted out by the swinging arm without danger of their binding or cramping in
the guide. The arm T is provided with a downward projection to, which rides
against the inner faces of vertical plates on the guide so that as the arm rises
it tips the arm backward as shown in Figure 40, the guide immediately falling
forward to its vertical position after the projection to rises therefrom. The plates 7³
are pivoted at their upper ends and beveled on the rear side as shown in
Figures 36, 39 and 40, so that when the arm T again descends they will separate
and permit the projection to pass between them, after which they again fall
back to their original positions. This action is illustrated in Figure 36.
After the matrices are lifted by the arm T, they are presented to the distributor
and returned thereby to the top of the magazine.
MATRIX-DISTRIBUTING MECHANISM.
The distributor proper consists of a rail extended horizontally over the mouths
of the magazine channels and provided with longitudinal ribs varying in number
and arrangement at different points in its length, that is to say, opposite the
mouths of the respective magazine channels, so that matrices slipped therefrom at
one end will be suspended therefrom by the teeth on their upper ends until they
arrive over the mouths of the appropriate channels, when their teeth will disengage
and permit them to fall. The construction of this rail is practically identical with
that represented in the hereinbefore cited English patents granted for the machine
of Mr. Ottmar Mergenthaler and the matrices are moved along the rail by means
of parallel screws 10, lying adjacent thereto and engaging the edges of the
matrices.
When the elevator arm T lifts the matrices, it presents the suspending plate, t,
in line with a short stationary rail t', (see Figures 58 and 59), which is toothed
horizontally to engage and sustain the matrices which are carried laterally
thereon from the support t by the slide W. As the matrix line is urged forward to
the right, the foremost matrix encounters, at its upper and lower ends, lips or
shoulders 2 and 3 by which the matrix is prevented from escaping or falling
accidentally from the end of the line. The shoulders t³ are continued to the left
(see Figures 53 and 58), forming rails or supports for the shoulders of the matrices
as they are lifted one after another over the detaining shoulders t² 3 in their course

page_text: to the distributor rail. As shown in Figure 53, a short opening is left between the
end of the fixed rail t¹ and the distributor rail æ. The rail serves to hold down
the matrices in the line except the one on the end which rests against the shoulders t²
and 3 beyond the end of the rail t¹. Being thus sustained, the end matrix is free
to rise under a moderate pressure so that it may pass the sustaining shoulders t²
and 3, and, descending, move forward into engagement with the adjacent end of the
distributor rail. This lifting of the matrices, that they may pass to the distributor
rail, is effected by a vertically moving dog a (see Figures 50, 51, 52 and 53)
connected by pivot 2, to the end of lever ³. This lever is pivoted to the frame
at, urged constantly upward by a spring zo, and depressed at frequent intervals by
a cam acting against a roller on the lever. The dog is held in operative
position by a spring a', so that its upward end may move toward the distributor rail
required. The upper end of the dog rests normally beneath the foremost matrix
in the line as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 53, and when it rises it lifts the
matrix so that it may escape over the shoulders t² 3, after which the dog descends
and engages beneath the next matrix, which has in the meantime advanced with the
line and against the detaining shoulders. As soon as the matrix passes over the
shoulders, it is engaged at its edges by the square threads of the two longitudinal
screws and and also engaged at the lower end by a third screw, these screws
being positively revolved in the proper direction to carry the matrices along the
distributor rail to the points at which they fall therefrom.
In order to guide the falling matrices into the upper end of the magazine channels,
there is hinged to the upper end of the magazine a curved plate 60, having channels
which form continuations of those in the magazine, so that each matrix falling from
the rail will be guided to its proper place in the magazine. The mouthpiece is held
normally in its operative position by a spring b acting against one of its supporting
arms as shown in Figure 55.
AUTOMATIC STOP FOR DISTRIBUTOR.
It sometimes happens that a matrix will lodge in the distributor or between the
distributor and the magazine proper, or that it will in the course of its descent
assume an improper position. In order that this may be detected and that the
distributor may be stopped automatically until the operator places the matrix in
proper position, there is adopted the automatic stop mechanism shown in Figures 54,
55, 56 and 57, in which " represents a blade underlying the distributor rail and
extending the entire length thereof. This blade is attached to the lower ends of
pendent pivot arms 2 one of which is connected by a link to an eccentric 214 on
one of the screw-shafts so that, when the machine is in action, the blade is constantly
vibrated to and from the path of the falling matrices as indicated by the arrows in
the several figures.
Whenever a matrix assumes an improper position or lodges in the channel, the
blade will strike upon it, as shown in Figure 57, and, by forcing the matrix back-
ward, cause the latter to form the channel plate or throat plate downward and
upward from its operative position as plainly shown in Figure 57.
The movement of this channel plate is rendered available to stop the feed-screws
in the manner following:
-
The feed screws are geared together at one end by pinions 15 and 16, and there is
mounted loosely, on the journal of the screw as, a driving pulley ", which is
recessed to receive and frictionally engage a sliding cone 8 attached to the pins al
which pass through a pinion on the screw-shaft to a loose collar 20 having arms
with inclined side faces. A rock-shaft 21 mounted in the frame carries at one end
an arm to act upon the collar, while at the opposite end, it carries an arm №23
attached to link guided on the frame and arranged to act against an arm b¹² rising
from the throat-plate as shown. When the parts are in operative position, this
arm 6, through the operative parts, holds the arm away from the clutch collar,
allowing the clutch to remain in action under the influence of the contained spring 25.
When, however, the throat plate is forced backward by the misplaced matrix, as

page_text: before explained, it releases the link and the arm x" is at once forced downward
by a spring 26 into the path of the rotating collar, which, riding against the same,
is drawn backward thereby so as to disengage the clutch. This having occurred,
the operator adjusts the matrix and restores the throat-plate to its original
position, thereby disengaging the arm and allowing the clutch to again start
the distributor.
DRIVING CONNECTIONS.
Motion is imparted to the machine primarily by a constantly-rotating band-
pulley a mounted on and clutched to a horizontal shaft a³, seated in the base of the
main-frame and provided with a pinion a, driving a pinion as on a second shaft a
at a higher level. Through connections hereinafter detailed, the pulley a² imparts
a constant motion to the escapement actuating device, the assembling-belt, and the
distributing mechanism, so that these parts will remain in action while the other parts
of the machine are at rest.
The second shaft as carries all the cams and the gear for driving or operating the
shifter, yoke, clamps, justifying devices, mould, melting-pot, pump, the arms for
shifting the line out of the yoke, and for delivering the space-bars to their magazine,
the elevator-arm, and the arms for shifting the matrices from the elevator to the
distributor, so that, when the shaft stops, these parts remain at rest; excepting the
spring-actuated arm to carry the matrices into the distributor.
In order to stop and start the shaft either automatically or at will, as may be
required, the driving-pulley a² is įmounted loosely on its shaft, and its hub provided
with pins or projections to engage corresponding projections on a sliding clutch a
applied to the end of the shaft. A. pin as, attached to this clutch, extends centrally
into the shaft and is encircled by a spiral spring a which tends to cause the engage-
ment of the clutch. At its inner end, the rod is encircled by pins a passing
outward through slots in the shaft to a collar a", which encircles the shaft, and which
is acted upon by one end of an angular lever a", pivoted to the main-frame. The
lever, when moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 61, disengages
the clutch, but when the lever is released, the clutch engages automatically. The
clutch-controlling lever a has a slotted connection with one end of a sliding bar a¹2
extended to the front of the machine, and there connected by link a¹³ to a hand-
lever a pivoted to the main-frame for starting and stopping the parts at will as
hereinafter explained.
To throw the clutch automatically out of action after the wheel aⓇ and the cam-
shaft have completed one revolution and thereby completed a linotype, the shaft of
the unclutching lever a¹¹ is provided with an upper arm as having at its end a hook
or lip a¹6.
The wheel, on shaft a, is also provided with a laterally-springing
dog a18, the end of which is projected beyond the wheel and curved eccentrically, so
that, as the wheel completes its revolution, this eccentric end of the jaw engages the
lip a on the end of arm a, causing the arm to swing in the direction indicated by
the arrow, thereby disconnecting the clutch. An elbow-lever a¹ is pivoted to the
frame with one end in position to engage the jaw a¹8, and its other end in front of a
stud a20 on bar a¹². When therefore, the hand-lever a¹ is moved so as to draw the
bar a forward, the stud a20 causes lever a¹ to trip the jaw a¹8 out of engagement
with arm as, whereby the clutch is released and permitted to automatically engage
under the influence of its spring a³. This is the usual action in starting the
transferring and casting devices after the composition of each line of matrices.
If it be desired to stop the action before the completion of the revolution, it may
be accomplished by moving the hand-lever a so as to push the bar a¹² backward
and thereby actuate lever a so as to disengage the clutch.
The entire composing mechanism, and the distributing mechanism proper at the
top of the machine, are driven constantly and independently of the casting mechanism
which operates intermittingly. The object of this arrangement is to permit the
composition of lines following the one at the mould, and the distribution of lines

page_text: preceding the one at the mould, to be carried on constantly and automatically
without being in any manner dependent upon the action of the casting devices.
The preferred connections for this purpose are shown more particularly in
Figure 66 and in part in Figure 1, in which it will be seen that the main-driving
pulley a², in constant motion, carries on its side a secondary pulley a which com-
municates motion through belt a to pulley 2 on a shaft a lying lengthwise of
the machine behind and above the key-board. This shaft 33 carries at one end a
pulley a³ which communicates motion through belt as to the distributor screws at
the top of the machine. The shaft a33 also carries the double grooved pulley a³
from which driving belts a37 are carried to the driving pulleys on the rolls e² of the
key-board, as shown in Figure 8.
The shaft a33 is further provided as shown in Figures 13, 14 and 66 with a
beveled pinion a38 driving a pinion a³ on a shaft 40 which is extended forward and
provided with pulley at which, through belt a, communicates motion to pulley a13
on the shaft a", which carries the pulley / operating the inclined assembling-belt.
This shaft a", through a pulley on its opposite end and belt, drives pulley h³
on the shaft which carries the triangular assembling-wheel h² and the cam to operate
the space-bar detent k¹.
In order to prevent the discharge of molten metal improperly into the operative
parts of the machine in the event of anything occurring to prevent the proper
presentation of the matrices to close the mould, it is proposed to combine, with the
driving clutch of the machine, a controlling device operated by the yoke, which
presents the matrices to the mould, so that, if the yoke fails to descend to its proper
place with the matrices, the clutch will be automatically thrown out of action and
further operation of the machine prevented. In its preferred form, this automatic
stopping mechanism is shown in Figures 1, 21, 32, 33, 60 and 61, in which a²²
represents a lever centrally pivoted to the frame and acting at one end against the
bar a to throw the clutch out of action while at the opposite end it rests against
the lower end of an upright bar a". This bar is sustained by a spring a²,
its upper
end sliding vertically through the vise which clamps the matrices, so as to be acted
upon by the descending yoke N, while its lower end is free to swing forward and
backward to a limited extent in order to actuate the lever a. The bar a is urged
upward by a spring a, and midway of its length is provided with a dog or pro-
jection a2 to engage a horizontally-sliding plate a through which the bar passes.
This plate is extended rearward in position to be acted upon and pushed forward by
the mould wheel O as the latter advances to its operative position. When the
yoke N descends to its proper limit and presents the matrices in the proper manner
to the mould, it pushes the bar a23 downward carrying the shoulder a clear of the
slide u as shown in Figure 21, so that the slide, when pushed forward by the mould,
has no effect whatever upon any of the other parts. In other words, the clutch
mechanism is permitted to operate. When, however, the yoke N rises with the
matrices, the bar a23 is lifted by its spring a4 until its shoulder is in position to
engage the slide a, as shown in Figure 60. If, therefore, the yoke fails to descend
to the proper position with the matrices, the advancing mould, forcing the slide a²6
forward, causes the latter to swing the bar a23 forward, and thereby disengage
the driving clutch through the medium of the lever a" and its connections
already described.
OPERATION.
The machine is operated as follows:-
The attendant, depressing successively the finger-keys which represent the
required characters, thereby causes the matrices to be discharged from the mouth of
the magazine B, whence they descend, through the channel G, to the belt H, by
which they are delivered' one after another in an upright position side by side into
the assembling-block I in which they are advanced in close order by the rotary
block acting against the last matrix. From time to time the space-bars are
of the annvanniato finger-lov After the com
11d into the line 1...

page_text: position of the line is completed, the assembling-block, I, is lifted and the line of
matrices thereby carried within the grasp of the shifter-arms L L' which immediately
carry the matrices to the left through the guides M into the yoke N which at once
descends with them to the front of the mould, which assumes its normal position.
As soon as the matrix line has completed its descent, the mould moves forward
toward the matrices. The first steps in the justification, that is to say, in the
lifting of the space-bars one after another, now occur. The pot advances against
the rear face of the mould, the matrices are tightly clamped, the justification
completed, and the pump acts to fill the mould with molten metal. The justifying
devices now descend, the pump-plunger is lifted, the melting-pot recedes from the
mould and the mould recedes from the matrices. The mould revolves to present
the contained linotype to the front of the ejector, the elevator arm T descends
to its lower position, and the ejector advances to deliver the linotype. About
this time the yoke lifts the matrices and space-bars from the mould to the level
of the upper guide R, and the slide S acts to carry the line into said guide to
deliver the matrices upon the plate t on the end of the arm T. The arm T now
swings upward carrying the matrices to the distributor, while the hook u, moving
to the right, carries the space-bars, remaining in the guide R, to their receptacle K.
In due course the matrices will be distributed, the ejector withdrawn, and the
mould rotated to its original position. It is to be observed that the operation of
assembling one line of casting from a second and distributing a third are carried
on simultaneously.
Space-bars of any suitable form and construction may be used in place of those
herein shown; and the assembling, spacing and distributing devices may be used
with male type or dies in the same manner as with the female type herein shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The magazine consisting of the parallel plates grooved and separated, to
receive and guide the edges of the matrices, substantially as described.
2. In combination with the main-frame, the removable magazine having the
pivoted escapement devices, complete, as shown, attached thereto and removable
therewith.
3. In combination with the main-frame, its key mechanism, including the hooked
rods E, the removable magazine with its pivoted escapements engaging the hooked
rods, and the springs to maintain the engagement.
4. In combination with the magazine, the pivoted escapements with their
pins ff, the spring /³, acting thereon and the finger-key mechanism for moving
the escapements in opposition to the springs.
5. In combination with an escapement device to deliver matrices from a magazine
or holder, a finger-key to move said escapement, and a spring arranged to complete
the movement initiated by the finger-key in the event of the latter being
prematurely released.
6. In combination with an escapement for delivering matrices from a magazine, a
spring tending to hold the escapement in one position, a finger-key to move the
same in opposition to said spring, and a second and stronger spring acting to
complete the movement of the escapement initiated by the finger-key.
7. In combination with a series of matrix-delivering escapements, a series of
finger-keys connected to and operating the respective escapements, springs to
continue the movements initiated by the finger-keys and means for restoring the
parts automatically to their normal positions.
8. In combination with a finger-key, a rod connected thereto to actuate a matrix-
discharging device, a spring e acting in connection with the rod to continue the
movement initiated by the finger-key, the eccentric carried by the rod and the
continuously-revolving roll acting on the eccentric to restore the parts to their
normal positions.

page_text: 9. In combination with a finger-key and type-discharging device connected there-
with, means called into action by the movement of the key to complete the action
of the discharging device.
10. The finger-key D, the rod E, operating the type-discharging device and
provided with elevation e¹ the eccentric e, the spring e² and the roller e', combined
as shown and described.
11. A space-bar delivering mechanism substantially as described, acting to
discharge the bar when the finger-key is released from pressure.
12. In a linotype machine, the combination of an assembling-block in which to
align the matrices, an elevated magazine from which the type are delivered by
gravity, escapement devices to control their delivery, and an inclined belt arranged
to receive the matrices as they fall from the magazine and carry them forward
into the assembling-block.
13. In a linotype machine, the combination of a magazine for assembling the
matrices and spaces in line, a mould and casting mechanism, matrix-clamping
devices opposite the mould substantially as shown, for elevating the assembled
line, shifting the same laterally, and finally lowering it to the mould within the
grasp of the clamping devices.
14. In combination with mechanism for delivering the matrices and spaces.
thereto, the vertically movable assembling-block I, the laterally yielding re-
sistant J, the shifter L L', the vertically movable yoke N, and the mould and
clamping devices.
15. The assembling-block channeled to receive the matrices and space-bars, and
provided with means for retaining them therein, in combination with the inclined
belt H, the guide adapted to deliver the matrices into the block past its
shoulders, and the angular wheel 2 acting through the guide h¹ into the end of
the assembling-block.
16. In combination with a linotype mould and means for presenting matrices in
series thereto, a matrix-clamping jaw adapted to cover and close the mould in
whole or in part in the absence of the matrices.
17. In a linotype machine, a mould and mechanism for presenting matrices in
series thereto to close its face, mechanism for forcibly delivering molten metal to
the mould, and means for closing the front of the mould in whole or in part in the
event of the matrix line being too short, or of the matrices failing to appear :
whereby the linotype may be produced with a blank surface for a portion or the
whole of its length.
18. In a linotype machine in which matrices are presented in series to a mould,
a mould-closing device which is opened by the act of advancing the matrices to
the mould.
19. In a linotype machine, magazines provided respectively with type matrices
and with space-bars, in combination with escapement mechanisms and finger-keys
arranged to deliver the matrices during the descent of their finger-keys, and to
deliver space-bars during the ascent of their key.
20. A series of matrices or type, means for sustaining the same in line, and a
series of tapered or expansible spacing devices located in the line, in combination
with means for advancing or expanding the spaces successively.
21. In combination with a line of matrices or type and tapered spacing devices
seated in the line, a mechanism for operating the spaces successively to increase
the width of the spaces in the line, and means for finally moving the spaces in
unison to complete the justification of the line.
22. In combination with a line of matrices, and tapered space-bars seated in and
movable through said line, a reciprocating slide or pusher which advances against
the series of spaces with its face in a position oblique to the line, whereby it is
caused to start the spaces one after another.
23. In combination with the bar or pusher p for moving the space-bars, its two
operating rods, their actuating levers, the weights to move said levers, and the
eccentrics to control their action.

page_text: 24. In combination with a yoke N or like device for carrying the line of
matrices and space-bars, means substantially as described for separating the
matrices at one operation from the space-bars leaving the latter behind.
25. In combination with the yoke N for elevating the line of matrices and
space-bars, the guide R, means for shifting the line from the yoke to the guides,
and a vertically movable arm or carrier T provided with means to engage the
matrices and lift them away from the space-bars.
26. In combination with a series of space-bars and a series of toothed matrices,
a guide or support R adapted to sustain the matrices and spaces in line, an
elevated distributor and a carrier T movable to and fro between the guide R and
the distributor, and provided with a toothed member adapted to engage and lift the
matrices.
27. In combination with the yoke N, the space-bar receptacle, the guide R and
the elevator T with its ribbed plate t, the carriers S and U operating as described
to shift the entire line from the yoke into the guides that the matrices may
engage the plate t, and also act to deliver the space-bars into their receptacle.
after the separation of the matrices.
28. In a linotype machine, embracing a casting mechanism, means for presenting
matrices in series thereto, and means for distributing the matrices, a driving
mechanism by which said parts are automatically operated, and a stop or throw-
out device by which the distributing action is prevented while the casting action
is permitted to continue in such manner as to produce repeated casts from one
line of matrices.
29. In a machine substantially such as described, in combination with the
connected levers s¹s and the parts operated thereby, the stop devices to prevent
their action.
30. In combination with the toothed distributor rail x, one or more feed screws
extending parallel therewith, and adapted to carry the matrices lengthwise.
thereof, and to permit their escape therefrom at different points in its length.
31. In combination with the two feed screws 8 and aº, the intermediate toothed
distributor rail.
32. In combination with the ribbed or toothed distributor rail as described, the
three feed screws 8, 9 and 10, adapted to engage the matrices and carry them
along the rail, substantially as described.
33. In combination with the matrix-support provided with top and bottom
shoulders 2 and 3, lifting devices substantially as shown for delivering the
matrices one at a time over said shoulders.
34. The combination of the matrix-support having shoulders 2 and t³, the
lifting devices whereby the matrices are delivered over the shoulders one at a
time, the ribbed distributor rail, and the feed screws 8 and 9 arranged to engage
the matrices one at a time as they are delivered over the shoulders, and carry
them into engagement with the distributor rail.
35. In combination with a distributor rail, and means for carrying the matrices
along the same, a driving clutch, and a blade vibrating in the path of the falling
matrices and acting through intermediate parts to control the clutch: whereby the
lodgment of a matrix is caused to disengage the clutch and stop the distributing action.
36. In combination with the distributor, its driving clutch, the vibrating blade",
the yielding throat-plate 60, adapted to be moved by the lodgment of matrices
between it and the blade, and clutch-controlling devices connected with said
throat-plate.
37. In a linotype machine, a series of shouldered matrices, in combination with
a series of tapered space-bars provided with sustaining shoulders, the width
between said shoulders being greater than the extreme width of the matrices;
whereby the matrices and spaces are adapted to co-operate with the separating
or distributing devices hereinbefore described.
38. In a linotype machine, a matrix having the four shoulders y¹ substantially
as and for the purpose described.

page_text: 39. In a linotype machine, the combination of shouldered matrices and means for
sustaining the same in line, tapered spaces seated in and movable through the line,
means for urging the matrices endwise to seat their shoulders against an aligning
surface, and means for advancing the space-bars to effect the justification, in the
same direction that the matrices are urged for alignment: whereby the justifying
action is prevented from disturbing the alignment.
40. In combination with the casting mechanism and mechanism for presenting
matrices in series thereto, devices controlled by the last named mechanism to
prevent the action of the casting mechanism when the other parts are not in proper
position.
Deted this 15th day of Santambor 1900
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.