IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS PROVISIONAL FOR MAKING INFUSIONS OR EXTRACTS FROM SUBSTANCES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Ulrich Etzensberger, of Zurich, in
Switzerland, bnt now of St. Pancras, in the County of Middlesex,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Ulrich Etzens-
berger at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 16th July 1873.
I, ROBERT ULRICH ETZENSBERGER, of Zurich; in Switzerland, but now
of St. Pancras, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND
ARRANGEMENTS FOR MAKING INFUSIONS OR EXTRACTS FROM SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
-
This Invention has for its object the arrangement of apparatus for
making infusions or extracts from substances in a whole or disintegrated
condition by the aid of heated liquids or fluids without allowing the part
or parts of the apparatus containing the substance or substances to be

page_text: acted on to be exposed to the direct heat of the fuel, gas, or other heat
employed for heating the liquid or fluid by means of which the substance
or substances is or are acted on, whereby a better result is obtained than
when the fire or heat is allowed to act directly on the liquid or fluid
containing the substance or substances it is desired to act on.
In order to carry out my Invention I employ a closed vessel or vessels
of metal or other suitable material, or of a combination of the same, in
which the liquid or fluid is placed, which is, are, or may be exposed to,
or placed directly in contact or connexion with the source from whence
the heat is derived so as to become heated to the required degree, and
upon or in connexion with the said vessel or vessels I place another
vessel or vessels in which the closed portion or portions containing the
substance or substances to be acted on is or are placed; and this upper
vessel or vessels has or have an interval of space between it and them
and the lower vessel or vessels so as to allow the air to circulate between
them and keep off the heat of the fire, and by means of a pipe or pipes,
tube or tubes, passage or passages connected therewith, and the closed
vessel or vessels containing the heated liquid or fluid, the same is caused
to pass up from the lower vessel into the closed portion or portions con-
taining the substance or substances to be acted on, and permeate or pass
through the same, escaping by means of small holes, perforations, or
openings into the upper vessel or vessels in which it accumulates during
the continuance of the operation until the desired quantity is obtained,
or the substance or substances is or are exhausted of the part or parts
required to be extracted.
In order to strengthen the vessel or vessels containing the liquid or
fluid to be heated a taper or conical tube or tubes, pipe or pipes, passage
or passages is, are, or may be formed in or connected with the same,
through which the heated air or products of combustion is or are caused
to pass, and the tube or tubes, pipe or pipes, passage or passages through
which the heated liquid or fluid passes to the closed portion or portions
containing the substance or substances to be acted on is, are, or may be
caused to pass through the same, allowing thereby a further portion of
the heat to be absorbed.
To add to the convenience of the apparatus gauge tubes or glasses
may be placed on each vessel so that the level of the contents of each
may be easily seen, and a safety and vacuum valve may be provided on

page_text: each vessel which receives the heat so as to allow the heat and pressure
to be regulated.
Cocks, taps, or valves may be used for drawing off the contents of
each vessel or controlling the passage of the heated liquid or fluid
between them, and means may be provided for keeping up the supply of
liquid or fluid, such as a feed pump, when it is desired to keep on for a
longer period than is required for using the contents of each vessel.
A check or non-return valve is placed on the upper end of the pipe,
tube, or passage conducting the heated liquid or fluid to the closed
portion containing the substance or substances to be acted on so as to
prevent the return of the heated liquid or fluid to the vessel in which it
had been heated after it has passed to the closed portion.
+
Coned joints with a screw or "bayonet" joint are used at those points
of connexion where it is required to have a tight joint, and the parts"
have to be readily removed or taken asunder, and the same arrangement
may be used on the covers and other parts where a tight and casily.
opened joint is required.
Where it is preferred only to employ the upper vessel or vessels of this
arrangement of apparatus for domestic use, such as for example in
making coffee, the heated water may if preferred be obtained from the
range, boiler, or other existing means in use for heating the water, in
which case the vessel containing the closed portion in which the coffee
is placed, and the pipe, tube, or passage for conducting the heated water
to the closed portion would only be required.
The closed portions or boxes in which the substance or substances to
be acted on are placed may be made of various dimensions so as to
contain the desired quantity, and several different sizes may be arranged:
for use with each apparatus.
ر

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Ulrich Etzensberger, Her special
license that I, the said Robert Ulrich Etzensberger, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Ulrich
Etzensberger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR MAKING INFUSIONS
OR EXTRACTS FROM SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Robert Ulrich Etzensberger, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing, under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next, and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Ulrich Etzensberger, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention has for its object the arrangement of apparatus for
making infusions or extracts from substances in a whole or disintegrated
condition by the aid of heated liquids or fluids without allowing the
part or parts of the apparatus containing the substance or substances to
be acted on to be exposed to the direct heat of the fuel, gas, or other
heat employed for heating the liquid or fluid, by means of which the
substance or substances is or are acted on, whereby a better result is
obtained than when the fire or heat is allowed to act directly on the
liquid or fluid containing the substance or substances it is desired to
act on.
In order to carry out my Invention I employ a closed vessel or vessels
of metal or other suitable material, or of a combination of the same, in

page_text: which the liquid or fluid is placed, which is, are, or may be exposed to
or placed directly in contact or connexion with the source from whence
the heat is derived, so as to become heated to the required degree, and
upon or in connexion with the said vessel or vessels I place another vessel
or vessels in which the closed portion or portions containing the substance
or substances to be acted on is or are placed; and this upper vessel or
vessels has or have an interval of space between it or them and the
lower vessel or vessels, so as to allow the air to circulate between them,
and keep off the direct heat of the fire, and by means of a pipe or pipes,
tube or tubes, passage or passages connected therewith and the closed
vessel or vessels containing the heated liquid or fluid the same is caused
to pass up from the lower vessel into the closed portion or portions con-
taining the substance or substances to be acted on, and permeate or pass
through the same, escaping by means of small holes, perforations, or
openings into the upper vessel or vessels in which it accumulates during
the continuance of the operation until the desired quantity is obtained,
or the substance or substances is or are exhausted of the part or parts
required to be extracted.
In order to strengthen the vessel or vessels containing the liquid or
fluid to be heated a taper or conical tube or tubes, pipe or pipes, passage
or passages is, are, or may be formed in or connected with the same,
through which the heated air or products of combustion is or are caused
to pass,
and the tube or tubes, pipe or pipes, passage or passages through
which the heated liquid or fluid passes to the closed portion or portions
containing the substance or substances to be acted on is, are, or may be
caused to pass through the same, allowing thereby a further portion of
the heat to be absorbed.
To add to the convenience of the apparatus gauge tubes or glasses
may be placed on each vessel, so that the level of the contents of each
may be easily seen, and a safety and vacuum valve may be provided on
each vessel which receives the heat so as to allow the heat and pressure
to be regulated.
Cocks, taps, or valves may be used for drawing off the contents of
each vessel, or controlling the passage of the heated liquid or fluid
between them, and means may be provided for keeping up the supply
of liquid or fluid, such as a feed-pump, when it is desired to keep on
for a longer period than is required for using the contents of each
vessel.

page_text: :
A check or non-return valve is placed on the upper end of the pipe,
tube, or passage conducting the heated liquid or fluid to the closed
portion containing the substance or substances to be acted on; so as to
prevent the return of the heated liquid or fluid to the vessel in which it
had been heated after it has passed to the closed portion.
Coned joints with a screw or "bayonet" joint are used at those points
of connection where it is required to have a tight joint, and the parts
I have to be readily removed or taken asunder, and the same arrangement
may be used on the covers and other parts where a tight and easily
opened joint is required.
Where it is preferred only to employ the upper vessel or vessels of this
arrangement of apparatus for domestic use, such as, for example, in
making coffee, the heated water may, if preferred, be obtained from the
range, boiler, or other existing means in use for heating the water, in
*which case the vessel containing the closed portion in which the coffee
is placed, and the pipe, tube, or passage for conducting the heated water
to the closed portion would only be required.
The closed portions or boxes in which the substance or substances to
be acted on are placed may be made of various dimensions, so as to
'contain the desired quantity, and several different sizes may be arranged
´with each apparatus.
When the upper vessel B only is employed for domestic or other use,
and the heated water or other liquid or fluid used is derived from
another source, for example from the boiler of the kitchen range or an
independent boiler, the flow pipe connecting the vessel B with the boiler
of the range or other source from whence the heated water or other
liquid or fluid is supplied is provided with a cock, tap, or valve near to
the source of supply, and the pipe is so arranged or provided with a two
or three-way cock that on shutting off the entrance of the water or
other liquid or fluid into the vessel B, and putting the vessel B out of
use, it shall, if desired, cause the water or other liquid or fluid contained
in the pipe between B and the cock, tap, or valve for shutting it off to
escape, and leave the pipe empty, so that on turning on the heated water
or other liquid or fluid there shall be no cold or colder water, liquid,
or fluid remaining in the vessel B, or in the pipe to be forced into the a
vessel B by the incoming heated water or other liquid or fluid.

page_text: Such being the nature of my said Invention, I will now proceed to
more particularly describe the manner in which the same may be per-
formed with the aid of the accompanping Sheet of Drawings, and letters
of reference marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the middle line through the upper and
lower vessels and the parts on that line, showing the interior arrange-
ments; Fig. 2 is a front elevation; Fig. 3 is a side view; Fig. 4 is
a plan of a small apparatus arranged for domestic or other use for
making coffee and other similar purposes.
A is the lower closed vessel in which the water to be heated is placed;
B, the upper vessel, in which the closed portion or vessel containing the
coffee or other substance to be acted on is placed; C, the closed portion
or vessel; D, part of the flow pipe for conducting the heated water from
the closed lower vessel A, and D₁ the part of the flow pipe in the upper
vessel B which joins or connects with D and C by the coned bayonet
joints F, F; E is a conical tube, pipe, or passage in which the lower
part of the flow pipe D is placed, and which passes through the lower
closed vessel A, and serves as a chimney or passage for the heated air or
products of combustion from the gas burner or other means employed for
heating the water; F¹, a check or non-return valve to prevent the
return of the water into, which, if preferred, may be placed at the
top of D'; G is a stay for steadying the lower flow pipe D, and keeping
it in a central position in E; H, H, H, are feet attached to the upper
vessel B, by means of which it is supported on the top of the closed
vessel A and the required space between the two vessels obtained &
maintained; I, a glass gauge on the lower closed vessel, by means of
which the height of the water in A is ascertained; J is a similar glass
gauge open at the top connected with the upper vessel B, by means of
which the height of the infusion or extract in B is ascertained.
In order to apply this gauge more conveniently, one of the feet H is
formed so as to communicate with the interior of B and form a socket or
connexion for the lower end of the gauge glass. By placing an index
against or in connexion with the glass tubes, or marking off the said
tubes at different distances in accordance with the contents of the
vessels up to each mark, the quantity contained in each may be readily
seen, and the apparatus thereby conveniently worked with great exacti-
tude. K is a safety and vacuum valve attached to or connected with

page_text: the lower closed vessel A, by means of which the desired pressure or
temperature in the lower closed vessel is regulated or maintained;
L is a filling cock and funnel for charging the lower closed vessel A.
Where the apparatus is of large size, or where it is desired not to
lower the pressure in the lower vessel, but to maintain a continuous
operation, a feed pump, or injector, or other suitable or convenient
means for the purpose may be used for keeping up the required quantity
of water in the lower closed vessel. M is an air cock to admit air, or
allow the escape of the same when filling; N, a draw-off cock on the
upper vessel, whereby the contents or any portion of the same may be
drawn off; O, a cock for a similar purpose on the lower closed vessel A;
P, a man-hole or opening for allowing access to the interior of the closed
vessel A; Q, Q, Q, Q, handles on the upper and lower vessels to enable
the same to be readily moved when required.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:- -The upper vessel B having
been placed on the top of the closed lower vessel A, and connected there-
with by the coned bayonet joint F, and the required quantity of coffee
being placed in the portion or vessel C, which may be of the size most
suitable to the quantity to be operated on, the perforated top of C is
closed and fastened, and the portion or vessel is attached by means of
the coned bayonet joint F to the upper end of D¹; the upper flow pipe
in the vessel B and the cover of B is put on. The lower closed vessel A
being filled with water to the required height, which will be readily seen
by the glass gauge I, and the cocks L, M, and N closed, the apparatus
is ready to be set to work by the application of heat to the bottom of A.
As the water in the closed vessel A gets heated, and steam is generated,
the pressure of the same in the closed vessel A (which is limited to the
amount desired by means of the safety valve K) causes the heated water
to be forced up the flow pipes D and D³, as shewn by the arrows, through
the perforated false bottom of C into and through the mass of coffee
contained therein, and out through the perforated top or cover of the
same, whence it falls into B, and accumulates there, until the required
or desired quantity is obtained, which will be readily seen by the glass
gauge J, when it may be drawn off by the cock or tap N. The operation
may be continued until the greatest part of the water in the vessel A has
passed into B, or until B is filled or the coffee exhausted of the parts
required to be extracted.

page_text: When the coffee in the closed portion or vessel C has had its strength
taken out of it the portion or vessel C may be removed and refilled, or
replaced by one of a similar or different size, ready filled, substituted,
and the lower closed vessel A having been refilled through the funnel L
to the required height may be again started, and the operation continued
as before. The escaping heated products of combustion having trans-
mitted a further portion of their heat to the contents of the closed
vessel A and flow pipe D, whilst passing up the conical pipe, tube, or
passage E, impinge on the bottom of B, keeping its contents hot without
acting directly on the contents of the closed portion or vessel C, and
thereby add to the convenience of the apparatus.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 6 a plan of the stand used
when the vessel B only is employed.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same may be performed or carried into practical effect, I
desire to state that I do not claim as my Invention the use of closed or
open vessels for making infusions or extracts from substances by the
application of heat, as the same is not new, nor do I claim any of the
parts individually as new, nor do I limit or confine myself to the precise
details shewn in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, as the same may
be modified without departing from the nature of my Invention; but
what I do claim as new and as of my Invention, and desire to have
protected by Letters Patent is, the external and internal arrangement of
apparatus for the purposes and acting in the manner herein-before
described, illustrated, and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Ulrich Etzensberger, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of November
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
ROBERT ULRICH ETZENSBERGER. (L.S.)