IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR INTERCEPTING, COLLECTING, AND FILTERING FECAL AND SEWAGE OR DRAINAGE
Year: 1871

page_text: .
LETTERS PATENT to Charles de Chastelain, of Caprera Lodge,
Wandsworth, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR
INTERCEPTING, COLLECTING, AND FILTERING FECAL AND SEWAGE OR DRAINAGE
1.
وف
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles de Chastelain
**
at the Office of the. Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th September 1871..
I
I, CHARLES DE. CHASTELAIN, of Caprera Lodge, Wandsworth, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
..said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR
INTERCEPTING, COLLECTING, AND FILTERING FECAL AND SEWAGE OR DRAINAGE
MATTERS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in the interception, collection, and treatment
by filtration of the contents of house drains, sewers, and other

page_text: receptacles of focal and sewage or drainage matter by an apparatus.
which shall arrest the solid matters from passing away from it and
filter the liquid in passing through it, so as that the discharge as passed
off shall be comparatively inoffensive.
The Invention is to be performed by the construction of a receiving
vessel, chamber, or settling pit with overflow through a grating into
a filtering vessel or chamber containing one or more removeable
boxes or filters; an inlet pipe to the former and an outlet pipe from
the latter being provided.
'
'in
As applicable to house drainage, for which the Invention is more
especially intended, the apparatus is to be fixed temporarily or
permanently in any convenient place between the water closet or privy
and the sewer or drain, or on the line of the sewer or drain, and to be
constructed preferably of galvanized wrought iron, the plates to be
rivetted or secured together with or without the use of angle and T iron.
The grating to be of bars of wrought or cast iron, or of wire work, the
wires crossing or not crossing each other, or of perforated plates,
either case preferably galvanized and fixed removeably or permanently
in the apparatus. For larger works brick tanks sometimes to be
substituted; in these particularly, as also sometimes in the smaller
apparatus, the chambers are sometimes to be divided by partitions of
brickwork or metal; and the filtering boxes, which are to be of
convenient size for removal, are to have wire or other gratings to form a
cage or holder for the filtering materials employed, charcoal and gravel
being contemplated for the purpose. Boxes or vessels are also in some
cases to be inserted into the receiving chamber for readily taking away
the intercepted solids. Handles sometimes to be provided to the remove-
able filtering and other boxes.
+
The general form of the apparatus may be rectangular, but any
convenient form is to be employed, as the locality and circumstances
demand. A lid or cover is contemplated for access to the interior, and
when in use it is intended that the joints shall be sealed or luted down
with clay, to shut off the contents from the external air; and so prevent.
the escape of offensive smells.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent,
filed by the said Charles de Chastelain in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DE CHASTELAIN, of Caprera Lodge, Wandsworth, in the County of
Surrey, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date Twenty-ninth day the of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Charles de Chastelain, Her special licence,
that I, the said Charles de Chastelain, my exccutors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles de Chastelain, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel 'Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF and Apparatus for Intercepting, Collecting,
AND FILTERING FECAL AND SEWAGE OR DRAINAGE MATTERS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles de Chastelain,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles de Chastelain, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
11
..

page_text: with clay, to shut off the contents from the external air, and so prevent
the escape of offensive smells.
I will now proceed to describe the annexed Drawings.
B
![/
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, are different views of the first way of carrying my
Invention into effect, that is to say, having the filtering apparatus in the
same apparatus as that in which the sewage is collected. Figure 1 is a
plan view with the lid removed; Figure 2 a section at M, N; Figure 3,
section at O, P; and Figure 4, enlargement at A, shewing space for
luting with clay. The same letters represent the same parts in the
different figures.
"
a is the inlet pipe shewn at the side of the tank, but it may, if desired,
be at the top. The sewage entering at a, the solid part falls to the
bottom of the tank whilst the liquid passes through the strainer or
grating 6 (in the Drawing shewn constructed of wirework) into the
other division of the tank. It then passes through the filter c, of any
suitable kind, and is allowed to pass off by the outlet pipe d.
Figure 4 shews a space q to allow of luting with clay, so that when
the lid is on (as is ordinarily the case) no offensive smells could escape
into the external air. When brickwork is used instead of galvanized
iron or other metal the relative proportions of the different parts are
exactly the same and the principle is the same, though it is obvious that
when the Invention is carried out on a large scale, certain modifica-
tions must be made.
I will now describe the second or modified way of carrying my Inven-
tion into effect, which is illustrated at Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, in the
annexed Drawings. In this case the filter is shewn in a different tank
or reservoir to that in which the sewage is collected. Figure 5 is a plan
and Figure 7 is a front elevation of the improved apparatus; Figure 6 is
a section through A, B; Figure 8, a section through C, D; and Figure 9,
section through E, F, shewing the grating or strainer.
a is the inlet pipe by which the sewage enters, the solid part sinking
to the bottom and the liquid part passing through the grating or
strainer 6 into the other division of the first tank, all as described above.
The liquid sewage then passes by the pipe c into the second tank, in
5 which is the filter e, passing through which the purified sewage is allowed

page_text: to pass away by the pipe d. The strainer or grating is, in these views,
shewn constructed of perforated plates and the tanks of metal.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles de Chastelain, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand, eight hundred and seventy-two.
CHARLES DE CHASTELAIN. (L.S.)