IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF STREET SWEEPING AND CLEANING MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Warren, of Cheltenham, in the County of
Gloucester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF STREET SWEEPING AND CLEANING
MACHINES."
Sealed the 31st March 1868, and dated the 9th October 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Warren at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
October 1867.
I, WILLIAM WARREN, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF STREET SWEEPING AND
CLEANING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement and construction
of machines for sweeping and cleaning streets of the character described in
the Specification of a Patent granted to Joseph Whitworth, dated August 2nd
1842, No. 9483, and one part of my improvements consists in constructing
the axle of the travelling wheels in two parts socketed together or otherwise
arranged so as to render their action independent of each other, which arrange-
ment enables me to apply driving gear to each of the travelling wheels of the
machine to give motion to endless chains of brushes or cleaning instruments

page_text: carried by axes, the parts of which are also arranged to act independently.
The endless chains and brushes are also arranged in separate sections so as to
work separately or in combination. By this arrangement of the driving gear
the power is equally applied (in giving motion to the sweeping and cleaning
apparatus) in place of actuating it from one side of the machine only, as here-
tofore practised. By my improved arrangement of the driving gear the width
of the cleaning apparatus may be greatly increased without increasing the
draught power required to draw the machine.
Another part of my Invention consists in an improved mode of arranging
and constructing street sweeping and cleaning machinery so that the sweeping
or cleaning apparatus may be readily detached from the cart when full and
attached to an empty cart so as to avoid the necessity of carrying the sweeping
or cleaning apparatus with the filled cart to be discharged. For this purpose
the sweeping and cleaning apparatus is so arranged in combination with the
cart that the fastenings which connect the two parts of the machine together
can be readily removed in order to detach the apparatus from the cart when
filled, the sweeping apparatus being retained in a suitable position by arms or
supports and wheels carried thereby until again attached to an empty cart.
By this arrangement each sweeping and cleaning apparatus will serve to fill a
number of carts, and may thus be kept in constant use whilst the filled carts go
away to dischargé their contents::
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Warren in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th April 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE. PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WARREN, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Warren, Her special licence that I, the said William
Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might

page_text: make, use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF STREET SWEEPING AND
CLEANING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Warner, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their bands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and im-
mediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Warner, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following.
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement and construction
of machines for sweeping and cleaning streets of the character described in
the Specification of a Patent granted to Joseph Whitworth, dated August 2nd
1842, No. 9433, and one part of my improvements consists in constructing
the axle for driving the endless chain of brushes in two parts socketed together
or otherwise arranged so as to render their action independent of each other,
which arrangement enables me to apply driving gear to each of the supporting
and travelling wheels of the cart so as to give motion to endless chains of
brushes or cleaning instruments carried by axes the parts of which are also
arranged to act independently. The endless chains and brushes are also.
arranged in separate sections so as to work separately or in combination. By
this arrangement of the driving gear the power is equally applied (in giving
motion to the sweeping and cleaning apparatus) in place of actuating it from
one side only of the machine as heretofore practised. By my improved
arrangement of the driving gear the width of the cleaning apparatus may be
greatly increased without increasing the draught power required to draw the
machine.
Figure 1 of the Drawing hereunto annexed shows a side elevation ;
Figure 2 a plan of part of a machine for street sweeping and cleaning, con-
structed and arranged according to my present improvements; Figure 3 shows
a horizontal section, Figure 4 a longitudinal vertical section, and Figure 5
a transverse vertical section of some of the parts of the same machine.
A is the cart or receptacle for the matters raised from the surface of the
street or road by the endless chain of brushes B. The cart A is supported
by and travels upon the wheels a, a,-moving upon the axle; a², a³, a', are

page_text: toothed wheels or rings secured to the travelling wheels a, a', and revolving
with them and the toothed wheels a' and a', take into and (when the cart is
travelling along) drive the toothed pinions 62, 63, at either end of the axis b, b',
which drive the endless chains of brushes B. The axis 6, 61, revolve in
bearings formed in the framing of the sweeping machine, and the axes 6, 6',
also revolve in a bearing 6 which is secured to the framework of the sweeping
machine, and acts to support the inner ends of the axes b, 61; 67, 68, 60, 810,
are collars upon the axes b, b', which serve to prevent such axes from moving
endwise, and 6, 61, 61, 61, are chain pullies around which the travelling
chains pass carrying the sweeping brushes, and by means of which they are
driven. The endless chain of travelling brushes B also pass around pullies
upon the axes 613, 610, which are similar to the axes b, 61, in the manner in
which they are supported and arranged to work independently of one another.
It will be readily understood that two separate and independent chains of
brushes are arranged to work in this machine, the one chain of brushes being
driven from the right-hand travelling wheel and the other from the left-hand
travelling wheel of the cart. The pinions 6, 63, are so arranged that
the axes b, b, can either revolve or remain stationary while the cart is in
motion, and this is effected by means of the clutches 67, 68, sliding upon a
feather upon the axes b, b'; the pinions 62, 63, are loose upon the axes b, b',
and only communicate motion to the axes b, 61, when the teeth of the
clutches 67, 618, are engaged with clutch teeth formed upon the bosses of the
pinions, . The engagement and disengagement of the pinions 62, 63, with
the clutches 6, 61, is effected by means of forked levers 6" on either side of
the machine, one of which is seen at Figure 1, the upper ends of the forked
levers entering the spiral groove 620 (seen in Figure 2) upon the axis &, and
as this axis is turned in one direction or the other by means of the
handles the clutches 6, 6, and axes b, b', are engaged or disengaged with
the pinions b³, b³.
.
Another part of my Invention consists in an improved mode of arranging
and constructing street sweeping and cleaning machinery so that the sweeping
or cleaning apparatus may be readily detached from the cart when full, and
attached to an empty cart so as to avoid the necessity of carrying the sweeping
or cleaning apparatus with the filled cart to be discharged. For this purpose
the sweeping and cleaning apparatus is so arranged in combination with the
cart that the fastenings which connect the two parts of the machine together
can be readily removed in order to detach the apparatus from the cart when
filled, the sweeping apparatus being retained in a suitable position by arnis or
supports and wheels carried thereby until again attached to an empty cart.

page_text: By this arrangement cach sweeping and cleaning apparatus will serve to
fill a number of carts and may thus be kept in constant use whilst the filled
carts go away to discharge their contents.
I will now proceed to describe the arrangements I have found to succeed in
carrying this part of my Invention into practice, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawing in which one means is shown by which an endless chain
of brushes B and all the apparatus connected therewith may be detached,
from a cart or receptacle A and supported in a suitable position for being
reattached to such cart or to another cart. c is a jaw or framework, by means;
of which the sweeping machine is connected to the cart, and the jaw c is.
connected to the framework 63 of the sweeping machine by means of the
circular collars or joints c', c', which are concentric with the axes b, b', and
so arranged that the jaw c can move around such axes, and consequently.
when the jaw c is secured to the cart the chains of brushes B and the parts
connected with them can accommodate themselves to the surface of the road.
over which the machine may be travelling; c is an axis supported in bearings.
attached to the jaw c, and upon this axis are fixed the catches c', c³; c,.
a spring so arranged as to constantly tend to cause the axis c³ to make a
partial revolution in the direction indicated by the arrow, and lift the catches,
c, c, from the position in which they are shewn into such a position that
they will pass over the pins or projections a' fixed on either side of the cart A;..
d is a hand lever moving upon a staple a attached to the cart A, and this
lever is held down in the position shown in the Drawing by means of the
catch a also attached to the cart A; d' is a link or catch jointed to the lever,
d, and this catch d¹ can be moved when required by means of the supple-
mentary band lever d* (jointed to the lever d) and the connecting rod d..
When it is desired to detach the sweeping machine from the carts, the catch
a must be raised so as to release the lever d, which must then be raised, the
spring then acts to raise the catches c', c, into such a position above the
projections a that the jaw c and the sweeping machine can be withdrawn
from the cart; the supplementary hand lever d' is then moved so as to release,
the catch from the catch lever c' formed in one piece with the catch c.
The wedges or cottars a, a, are now removed from the bolts or studs a¹, a
attached to the cart so as to release the parts of the jaw c, and this jaw.
together with the chains of brushes and all the apparatus attached can then
be removed from the back of the cart; is a catch fixed upon the axis
connected to the framing of the
which engages with the teeth of the rack
sweeping machine, when the catches c, d, are raised, and by this means the

page_text: jaw c is held up in a suitable position until it is reattached to a cart.
When
the sweeping machine is attached to the cart, it is supported at its outer end
by the trail wheels c, e, and around the axes b, b, but when the machine is
withdrawn from the cart it is supported in a suitable position for being
reattached to the same or another cart by means of wheels fon either side of
the machine; these wheels are connected to legs f¹ which pass into the sockets
attached to the framework of the sweeping machine; and fare hand
wheels by which screws within the sockets 6" can be turned so as to lower
the wheels when the machine is to be removed from the cart, and raise them
again when the machine is reattached. The trail wheels e, c², move upon
pins carried by the brackets & which are loose upon the axis e, and these
brackets are provided with slide rods, e, which move in guides e, et,
attached to the frame of the sweeping machine; e³, e, are levers fixed
upon the axis at either side of the machine, and the levers e, e are connected
to the machine by means of the adjustable connecting rods elo, ell; e¹ is a
hand lever fixed upon the axis and moving in the guide 6 attached to the
sweeping machine, and by moving the handle e the levers es, e³, act to raise
the brushes and parts attached from the surface of the street or road, the
handle being retained when the brushes are raised by means of a pin
inserted in the guide bes; but when the sweeping machine is lowered upon the
surface of the street or road, the handle e presses against the spring b
attached to the machine. In order to attach the machine to a cart the cart
is backed under the jaw c, and the lever d is raised until the catch d¹ can be
engaged (by means of the supplementary lever d²) with the lever catch c
when the lever d is lowered and secured by means of the catch a', the catches
,, acting at the same time against the pins or projections a³ so as to draw
the jaw c and the parts attached to the required position; the cottars a³, aº,
are then placed in the bolts a, a, and the operation is complete; is the
cover for the sweeping apparatus, and is the inclined surface upon which
the chains of brushes act, as is well understood, to raise the refuse matters from
the surface of the street into the cart A; co is the adjustable cleaner or
"doctor" for removing the dirt and refuse from the brushes. When the cart
is filled and the machine detached, it is taken to a suitable place to be emptied,
and this I prefer to effect by opening the flap or door a¹ at the back of the
cart, the flap a being secured at other times.
Having now stated the nature of my Invention, and described the means
for carrying the same into operation, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the exact form and arrangement of mechanical parts

page_text: herein shewn and described, which may be greatly varied without departing
from the nature of my Invention; but what I claim is,―
Firstly. Applying driving gear to both travelling wheels of a cart so as to
give motion to endless chains of travelling brushes or cleaning instruments.
Secondly. I claim arranging two sets of chains of cleaning brushes or
instruments side by side and arranged to be driven by gearing wheels applied
to both wheels of a cart.
Thirdly. I claim so arranging two sets of chains of cleaning brushes or
instruments side by side that they work independently of one another, one
set of brushes being driven from one wheel and the other set from the other
wheel of the cart.
Fourthly. I claim so arranging, constructing, and combining a cart and a
street sweeping machine that the machine may be readily removed by the
attendant from the cart when filled, and afterwards attached to an empty cart
substantially as herein shown and described.
Fifthly. I claim detaching a street sweeping machine from a cart when
it is filled, and afterwards attaching it to a cart when empty in order to fill
such cart as herein-before described.
Sixthly. I claim the general arrangement of the parts of a street sweeping
machine herein shown and described.
And in witness whereof, I, the said William Warren, have hereunto set'
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
J. G. TONGUE,
Patent Agent,
WILLIAM WARREN. (L.s.)
34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, W.C.