IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA- RATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING YARNS OR THREADS, AND FOR FINISHING OR POLISHING SUCH YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Mason, Machinist, Samuel Thornton, Machinist,
and Leonard Kaberry, Manager, all of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING
YARNS OR THREADS, AND FOR FINISHING OR POLISHING SUCH YARNS OR
THREADS."
Sealed the 18th November 1855, and dated the 14th May 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Mason, Samuel
Thornton, and Leonard Kaberry at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 14th May 1855.
We, JOHN MASON, Machinist, SAMUEL THORNTON, Machinist, and LEONARD
KABERRY, Manager, all of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING
YARKS OR THREADS, AND FOR. FINISHING OF POLISHING SUCH YARNS OR THREADS,"
to be as follows :—
Our improvements relate, firstly, to the carding engine, and consist in forming
the cover ends or "bends" with apertures, hollows, or otherwise constructing
them so as to allow the emery rollers, "strickles," or other grinding apparatus
to pass, and thus be traversed along the surface of the cylinder while in its

page_text: working position; the apertures, &c. we close up by pieces which can readily
be removed when required for the above purpose.
Another improvement in the carding engine, as applied to cotton, refers to
that apparatus known as the "patent feeder," and consists in so forming the
inside thereof that it shall coincide with the form of a portion of the circum-
ference of the taker-in cylinder.
Our improvements in finishing or polishing the spun yarns or threads relate,
firstly, to those machines in which a heated chest or chests are employed over
which the material passes, and consists in applying to the surface or surfaces
thereof a cover of yarns, cloth, or other comparatively soft substance. A cloth
we propose employing is woven with projecting ribs, after the manuer of
"cords."
We also propose using cloth or other such substance in other
situations, and against which the yarns or threads are caused to pass.
Another improvement in finishing or polishing yarns or threads consists in
adapting mechanism to the heated chest, rollers, or other part in connection
with the yarn, whereby such part is caused to move by the lengthening or
slackening of the yarn, and maintain the required tension.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Mason, Samuel Thornton, and Leonard Kaberry in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th November 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
MASON, Machinist, SAMUEL THORNTON, Machinist, and LEONARD KADERRY,
Manager, all of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Mason, Samuel Thornton, and Leonard Kaberry, Her especial
license that we, the said John Mason, Samuel Thornton, and Leonard Kaberry,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John
Mason, Samuel Thornton, and Leonard Kaberry, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON

page_text: AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING YARNS OR THREADS, AND FOR
FINISHING OR POLISHING SUCH YARNS OR THREADS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said John Mason, Samuel Thornton, and Leonard Kaberry,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand-
and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Leonard Kaberry, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Our improvements relate, firstly, to the carding engine, and consist in forming
the cover ends or "bends" with apertures, or otherwise constructing them so
as to allow the emery rollers, strickles, or other grinding apparatus to pass, and
thus be traversed along the surface of the cylinder while in its working position;
these apertures we close up by corresponding pieces which can readily be
removed when required for the above purpose.
Another improvement in the carding engine refers to that apparatus known
as the "
'patent feeder," and consists in so forming the inside thereof that
it shall coincide with a portion of the circumference of the taker-in cylinder.
Our improvement in finishing or polishing yarns or threads relates to those
machines in which a heated chest or chests are employed over which the
inaterial passes, and consists in applying to the surface thereof a cover of cloth
yarns, or other comparatively soft substances.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, we will proceed
to describe a Sheet of Drawings accompanying this our Specification.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a part of a carding engine constructed according
to our first improvement.
The bend a is formed with a space extending from 6 to c; on each side of
this are projecting parts d, formed with grooves. When the engine is in
working order this space is filled up by a piece e, shewn detached in two views
at Fig. 2. The piece is provided with projecting ends f, which slide into
the grooves formed in the parts d, and the "bend" is then completed.
According to Fig. 1, the machine is prepared for being ground by the aid of
any hand or self-acting apparatus, and which may be traversed through the
openings b, c.
Our next improvement in carding engines is shewn at the detached view,

page_text: Fig. 3, which represents the "patent feeder" and part of the "taker-in"
in section.
Our improvement in polishing yarns or threads will be illustrated by reference
to Figs. 4, 5, 6, which represent one method by which the same may be
accomplished.
The heated chest is shewn at a constructed with guides 6, as described
in the Specification of a Patent granted to Messieurs Mason, Thornton, and
Sawyer, dated February Fifteenth, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-fivo.
Around the chest we place bands c, of cloth or other comparatively soft sub-
stances, the ends of which are passed over hooks d extending from bars e;
these bars are then drawn together by means of bolts and nuts, so as to strain
the cloth upon the chest. We have mentioned bands as being employed, it
being in this case supposed that distinct pieces are used to occupy positions
between the guides 6; but it will be evident that, if desired, a piece of
cloth or other such substance may be employed the whole width of the chest.
It will also be obvious that other methods of attachment may be adopted, that
shewn and described being merely given as an example.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be under-
stood that we claim, as secured to us under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,―
Firstly, constructing the cover ends or "bends" of carding engines with
apertures, or otherwise arranging them so as to allow the grinding apparatus
to pass.
Secondly, as applied to the patent feeder, forming the inside thereof so that
it shall coincide with a portion of the circumference of the "taker-in."
In reference to polishing yarns, as aforesaid, we claim covering the heated
chest or chests with cloth, yarns, or other comparatively soft substance.
In witness whereof, I, the said Leonard Kaberry, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
LEONARD KABERRY. (L.S.)