Improvements in Lamp Shades and in their Method of Manufacture.
Year: 1894

page_text: Improvements in Lamp Shades and in their Method of Manufacture.
I, EDWARD DEAN COOKE of 1007 Chicago Opera House Block, Chicago,
Cook County State of Illinois, United States of America, Lawyer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to shades, particularly adapted for incandescent lamps, and
I have shown various modifications of it.
Figure 1 is a sectional view;
Figure 2 is a side view;
Figure 3 is a side view of same modified ;
Figure 4 is a view of the blank;
Figure 5 is a section of a modified shade;
Figure 6 is a side view of the same;
Figure 7 is a sectional view of a further modification ;
Figure 8 is a side view of same ;
Figure 4 is an elevation of a modification made from one continuous piece of
metal.
Figure 5 is a plan view; and
Figure 6 an elevation of the same at a more advanced stage in its manufacture;
Figure 7 is a view of the same when complete ;
Figure 8 shows manner of fastening to socket.
A is an incandescent lamp, having a socket B, with groove C. D is the body of
the shade composed preferably of a single piece of metal cut into shape, and having
its two edges D1 D2 over-lapped, and connected in any suitable manner, as for
example by the rivets E E, or the eyelets G G. The upper edge of the shade is
provided with spring fingers F, or curved spring fingers H (Figs. 5 to 8) formed
preferably by splitting the material. These fingers are bent backwardly either
within or without the shade, as indicated in the several figures, and the splits may
be projected below the line of the aperture as at H', (Fig. 4) to make the aperture
expansible. The shade above and below the line of the expansible aperture is
preferably lined with an elastic or yielding material J. These fingers may be bent
so as to conform to the shape of the socket. J' represents inwardly projecting
fingers. The expansible aperture is indicated by the letter K. The shade body
may be composed of separate material as indicated at L, while the upper metallic
portion E¹ is provided with fingers M to grasp the upper portion of the body L.
Figures 44 to 84 inclusive, show a shade made from a single piece of sheet metal
with unbroken periphery. In the manufacture of this shade, the body D is
stamped out of a flat piece of sheet metal. The metal is then burnished and run
through a series of crimping machines (leaving the central portion A' flat as when
first stamped out) until the shade has reached the desired shape.
Then a
portion A of the central flat portion is stamped out and the remainder of said flat
portion A cut and formed by means of a shaping die into upwardly and downwardly
curved spring fingers C* D* as shown in Figure 7*. The shade is then slid onto
the socket and is held in place by the spring fingers C₁ D' bearing against the sides
of the socket, and the insulating bushing F on the socket.
One of the great features of my invention is the making of the shade out of one
piece of metal of unbroken periphery; another of the great features of my
invention is the expansible aperture and another is the fingers outwardly bent if
above, or inwardly bent if below such aperture, so as to permit the aperture to slip
TD 037

page_text: over the socket and then grasp the same at all points to prevent the shade from
being easily withdrawn therefrom. The expansible aperture permits the shade to
slip over the enlarged outer portion of the socket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A lamp shade made and constructed in the way shown and described and for
the purposes specified herein.
2. A shade for incandescent lamps consisting of a single piece of sheet metal
with unbroken periphery shaped from a blank into the form of a shade with a flat
middle and upper portion, with securing fingers cut and formed from the flat sheet
metal at its middle, and at the upper end of the shade, and fingers adapted to
securely and firmly grip the socket as shown in the drawing and described.
3. The process of manufacturing shades for incandescent lamps, which consists
in stamping out a piece of sheet metal of suitable shape, then burnishing or
polishing the same, then shaping the same by successive shaping processes, leaving
a flat central portion, then cutting out of such flat central portion suitable securing
fingers, as described.
4. The combination of a lamp shade having downwardly and inwardly projecting
spring fingers with a socket having a portion over which the fingers pass, and
against which they then bear, as shown and described.
5. A lamp shade having an expansible upper aperture with supporting fingers
projecting therefrom, and adapted to permit the shade to be slipped onto the
socket, and then to retain it in position, as shown and described.
6. A lamp shade consisting of a shade body with an upper portion having an
inner metallic portion with outer spring fingers bent thereupon so as to hold the
body between such portion and fingers, and inner and downwardly projecting
spring fingers on such portion to hold the shade to the socket, and upwardly and
outwardly projecting fingers which bear against the side of the socket, in
combination with a lamp having a removable annular projection against which such
inner fingers bear when the shade is in position.
Dated this 8th day of January 1894.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.