Improvements in Artificial Stone.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 1st June, 1895
Improvements in Artificial Stone.
I, GEORGE THOMAS JENKINS of Wyncliffe, Filsham Park, St. Leonards,
Sussex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to artificial stone for building and paving purposes, and
aims at producing a durable article with an attractive appearance.
It is composed of crushed Kentish rag stone, Portland stone, and of Portland
cement, in, or nearly in, the proportions bereafter stated.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 shows a composite block of paving
stone without its exterior finish, shewing the bulk or body of the stone as
prepared in accordance with my invention.
a is a coarse veined stone suitable for ordinary paving and is composed of
three parts by weight of Kentish rag stone, one part of Portland stone, and
two parts of Portland cement.
b is a finer veined stone composed of one part of Kentish rag to two of
Portland stone and one of cement. It is colored with red metallic oxide in
the proportion of twenty-six parts of stone and cement to one of oxide.
c is the top surface of the slab which is mixed with more Portland stone
than the sides or bottom. It is composed of one part of Kentish rag; and two
parts of Portland cement and when these are mixed I take fourteen parts of
the mixture to ten parts of Portland cement, and one part of oxide. This is
finished with a steel trowel.
In
Fig. 2 shows the head of a window opening constructed on my system.
size it is about 12 inches high, by four and one half inches thick, and of any
required length.
The bulk inside the border is precisely the same as the paving stone lettered a,
above, and is therefore also lettered a in the drawing.
The border or edge-face marked d, is composed of one part Kentish rag
stone, to two parts of Portland cement, and is colored with one part of oxide
or ochre.
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A window head about four feet in length will weigh about two hundredweight.
Several descriptions of facing and finish are employed and these may be
modified as circumstances or the nature of the work may require. For instance
there is usually a "float
or slightly rough finish to blocks of building stone.
This is colored by about one part of oxide or ochre to seven of stone. Another
style of finish is known as "trowel-face." This consists in forming a fine finish
of cement over the pieces of stone, and smoothing same with a steel tool.
The facing of building stone is about one quarter of an inch thick.
In preparing paving slabs, the crushed or broken stone for the fine material b,
is sifted through a sieve having about five meshes to the inch. For the edge c,
a sieve having about twelve meshes to the inch is employed. For the coarser
material a, which forms the bulk or body of the stone or slab, a sieve with a mesh
of half an inch is used.
The weight of a superficial yard of paving two inches thick, is about two
hundredweight.
It will be understood that the artificial stone thus produced can be moulded into
any fancy shapes or patterns, such as copings, sills, steps, pier-caps, ridging, sinks,
gravestones, finials, vases, and for a large number of similar purposes.
'מ
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page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim, is;
In an artificial stone for building and other purposes, the method of constructing
the same from the materials, and in the proportions given, as herein described and
set forth.
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, E.C., Agent for Applicant.