Improvements in India-rubber Buffer, Draw, and Bearing Springs.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in India-rubber Buffer, Draw, and Bearing Springs.
We, ALFRED GEORGE SPENCER and ALEXANDER SPENCER, both of
77 Cannon Street, in the City of Loudon, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to improved india-rubber buffer, draw, and bearing
springs in the construction of which metal hoops are employed, these being arranged
in such a manner that my improved springs can be made to act similarly to india-
rubber buffer, draw, and bearing springs provided with supplementary elastic parts
as referred to in prior Specifications No. 11921 of 1889 and No. 19011 of 1894.
The metal hoops are, in some constructions, forced into position round the india-
rubber body of the spring, which is made with an annular groove or grooves
adapted to receive the encircling hoop or hoops; in other cases the hoops are
moulded into the india-rubber body; and in some constructions these modes of
applying the metal hoops are combined in one spring.
In one construction the india-rubber body is formed with a central annular
flange or projection at each side of which there is an annular groove adapted to
receive a cup ring that can be forced into position so as to contine between the two
cup rings the india-rubber flange or annular projection, whose periphery has
formed in it one or two or more annular grooves adapted to receive metal hoops
which are forced into place before the cup rings and these serve to fortify the
india rubber between the cup rings and adapt it to operate after the manner of a
supplementary spring without liability to be squeezed outwardly to an excessive
extent under pressure.. Sometimes, in addition to the surrounding hoops, other
hoops are moulded in the india rubber body; in this way there may be one hoop
or more than one hoop moulded in the body, in the same plane as the external
hoop, or if there be more than one external hoop, then there may be one or more
internal hoops of different diameter or diameters in the same plane as each external
hoop; but it might in some cases be convenient to use hoops of different diameters
in different planes. In some cases instead of using cup plates flat annular plates
may be substituted; and, in any of the constructions referred to, internal rings,
nozzle rings, or annular plates of any known or suitable kind (compound or simple)
may be employed.
In some cases springs may be constructed with an external hoop or hoops without
cup or equivalent plates and with nozzle plates having interposed between them
layers of india-rubber separated by metal rings. According to another construction
a nozzle plate divides into two parts an india-rubber body that is made with an
annular flange or enlargement at each side of the nozzle plate and is provided with
cup rings or annular plates forced into grooves one at each side of the compound.
annular flange or enlargement.
According to a modification I sometimes form in one with the india-rubber bodý
a flange or enlargement in which there may or may not be moulded a metal' ring
or rings or plate or plates so as to divide the india rubber flange into layers, and at
the respective sides of the india-rubber flange, form an annular groove round the
india rubber body adapted to receive and retain a cup plate which can be forced
1.

page_text: into position, the arrangement being such that when the two cup plates are in place
the india-rubber flange with or without interposed rings or plates will be sandwiched
between the backs of the two cup plates.
It will be understood that the india rubber body with its flange may be con-
structed with or without hoops rings or plates moulded into it and that in any case
there will be in the grooves at the respective sides of the flange or enlargement
suitable cup or confining plates or rings, and if plain flat plates or rings be used
than at the ends there will be dividing cup plates in order that the portion of spring
where the flange or enlargement occurs may be utilized.
Dated this 8th day of July 1895.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
"
DERIT, Draw, and Dearing Springs.
We, ALFRED GEORGE SPENCER, and ALEXANDER SPENCER, both of
77 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention has reference to improved india-rubber buffer, draw, and bearing
springs in the construction of which metal hoops are employed, these being arranged
in such a manner that our improved springs can be made to act similarly to iudia-
rubber buffer, draw, and bearing springs provided with supplementary elastic parts
as referred to in prior Specifications No. 11921 of 1889 and No. 19011 of 1894.
The metal hoops are, in some constructions, forced into position round the india-
rubber body of the spring, which is made with an annular groove or grooves
adapted to receive the encircling hoop or hoops; in other cases the hoops are
moulded into the india-rubber body; and in some constructions these modes of
applying the metal hoops are combined in one spring.
In the accompanying illustrative drawings, several constructions of springs
according to our invention are shown, in every case by a sectional view in the plane
of the longitudinal axis of the spring and in half end elevation.
In the construction of spring shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the india rubber body a is
formed with a central annular flange or projection a' at each side of which there is
an annular groove a² adapted to receive a cup ring that can (after the india-
rubber body has been vulcanized) be forced into position so as to confine between
the two cup rings the india rubber flange or annular projection a¹, whose periphery
has formed in it one, two or more, (two are shown) annular grooves a³ adapted to
receive metal hoops c which are forced into place before the cup rings 6 and which
serve to fortify the india-rubber between the cup rings and adapt it to operate
after the manner of a supplementary spring without liability to be squeezed out-
wardly to an excessive extent under pressure. Sometimes, in addition to the
surrounding hoops c, other hoops are moulded in the india rubber body; in this
way there may be one hoop or more than one hoop moulded in the body in the
same plane as the external hoop, or if there be more than one exterual hoop, then
there may be one or more internal hoops of different diameter or diameters in the
same plane as each external hoop. Figs. 3 and 4 show an arrangement of this
kind where there are three internal hoops c' of different diameters moulded in the
body in the same plane as each exterual hoop c. It might in some cases however
be convenient to use hoops of different diameters arranged in different planes, as
shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

page_text: Figs. 7 and 8 show a construction of spring in which instead of using cup plates b-
(Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, flat annular plates 6' are substituted therefor, a single metal
hoop c being provided between them.
In any of the constructions referred to, internal rings d (Figs. 5 and 6), nozzle.
rings d (Figs. 7 and 8), or annular plates of any known or suitable kind (compound
or simple) may be employed.
Figs. 9 and 10 show a spring constructed with an exterual hoop c, or there may
be more than one, with cup or equivalent plates 6 and with nozzle plates d² having
interposed between them layers a of india-rubber separated by metal rings d³.
Figs. 11 and 12 show another construction wherein a perforated nozzle plate e is-
moulded into, so as to divide into two parts, the india rubber body a which is made
with an annular flange or enlargement a' at each side of the nozzle plate and is.
provided with cup rings b, or it may be annular plates such as b¹ (Figs. 7 and 8),
forced into grooves a², one at each side of the compound annular flange or
enlargement a¹.
According to a modification we sometimes form in one with the india-rubber
body a flange or enlargement in which there may or may not be moulded a metal
ring or rings or plate or plates so as to divide the india rubber flange into layers,.
and at the respective sides of the india rubber flange, form an annular groove-
round the india rubber body adapted to receive and retain a cup plate which can
be forced into position, the arrangement being such that when the two cup plates.
are in place, the india-rubber flange, with or without interposed rings or plates, will
be sandwiched between the backs of the two cup plates.
Figs. 13 and 14 show a construction of this kind in which perforated plates fare
moulded in the india rubber body a of the spring so as to divide the flange or
enlargement a' thereof into layers, cup plates 6 being forced into the annular
grooves a² at each side of the flange or enlargement a¹:
Figs. 15 and 16 show a construction in which the flange or enlargement att
confined between the plates b is without any hoops, rings or plates. Such an
arrangement may be provided with a nozzle of any suitable construction.
It will be understood that the india rubber body a with its flange a¹ may be-
constructed with or without hoops, rings or plates moulded into it and that in any
case there will be in the grooves a² at the respective sides of the flange or enlarge--
ment a suitable cup or confining plates or rings b or b', and if plain flat plates or
rings be used, then at the ends of the spring there may be dividing cup plates 9.
as indicated in dotted lines in Figs. 7 and 9, between such ends and the parts.
between which the spring is placed in order that the portion of spring where the
flange or enlargement a¹ occurs may be utilized, and to act as stops to prevent
undue stress of the ends of the spring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we-
claim is :-
:-
1. An india rubber buffer, draw, or bearing spring constructed with a central.
annular flange or projection having at each side thereof an annular groove adapted.
to receive and retain a confining plate or ring which can be forced into position
after vulcanization of the india rubber, the arrangement being such that when the
two confining plates or rings are in place, the annular india rubber flange or pro-
jection, with or without interposed hoops rings or plates, will be sandwiched between,
the two confining plates or rings, substantially as described.
2. In a buffer, draw, or bearing spring, the combination of an india rubber body-
with supplementary part a', a metal hoop or hoops such as c¹ moulded therein, and
a similar hoop or hoops held in a groove or grooves formed in the exterior of said
body substantially as described.
3. The several improved constructions of buffer, draw and bearing springs.
hereinabove described with reference to and illustrated respectively in Figs.
and 2; in Figs. 3 and 4 ; in Figs. 5 and 6; in Figs. 7 and 8; in Figs. 9 and 1o;.

page_text: in Figs. 11 and 12; in Figs. 13 and 14 and in Figs. 15 and 16 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 8th day of April 1896.
I
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered .Patent Agent.