IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ENEMAS, SYRINGES," AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF INDIA-RUBBER
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James George Ingram, senior, of the London India-rubber
Works, Felstead Street, Hackney Wick, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ENEMAS, SYRINGES,"
AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF INDIA-RUBBER."
Sealed the 13th June 1878, and dated the 12th April 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James George Ingram at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1878.
JAMES GEORGE INGRAM, senior, of the London India-rubber Works, Felstead
Street, Hackney Wick, in the County of Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF ENEMAS, SYRINGES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF INDIA-
RUBBER."
The Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of enemas,
syringes, and other similar articles of india-rubber, whereby the same are formed
with fewer parts and with fewer connections or joints, and are rendered stronger,
lighter, less liable to split, and have the valves placed in more convenient position
than heretofore for adjustment and repair.
For this purpose I form the ball, or barrel, or reservoir, or bottle, and the tube
or tubes, entirely or partially by dipping, and either entirely without the usual
seams or with fewer of such seams.
In manufacturing an enema formed with a ball or barrel, having a tube con-
nected thereto at opposite sides or ends thereof, I preferably first form a ball or
barrel of about half of the thickness desired for the finished article; this I do by
cutting the same out of sheet rubber, and joining the various parts together at the
seans by solvent in the usual manner, and I find it advisable to cure this ball or
barrel in a mould to cause it to retain the desired shape. This ball or barrel I
mount upon a rod, wire, or tube, and use as a form or mould upon which and upon
the rod, wire, or tube I obtain a coating of india-rubber to the desired thickness
Prine Rd

page_text: by dipping the same any required number of times in dissolved rubber or
compound.
When the desired thickness is obtained I remove the rod, wire, or tube, leaving
the first-mentioned ball or barrel within and firmly connected with the finished
article, thereby forming an increased thickness at such part, and I complete the
enema by applying an inlet valve at or near to the outer end of the suction tube
and an outlet valve at or near the outer end of the delivery tube, to which I also
connect the nozzle in the usual way.
Instead however of first forming a ball or barrel of india-rubber to serve as a
mould or form, as above described, a mould of the interior of the ball or barrel may
be formed of wax or fusible alloy, or other material capable of being readily removed
therefrom by heat or by other means, or the mould or form may be formed of wood
or other solid material, which after the required thickness of rubber has been
obtained thereon by dipping is removed through a cut or slit made in the ball or
barrel, the sides of which cut or slit are afterwards cemented together, after which
the article may be again dipped to increase the thickness and strength thereof, and
the enema is cured in the usual way and finished in the manner above described;
or half the ball or barrel and a tube connected thereto may be formed by dipping
a suitably-shaped mould in dissolved rubber, and then after removal of the two
half moulds cementing the two parts together.
By the aid of my Invention I can also form reservoir or bottle enemas, syringes,
and such like articles, and can apply thereto suction tubes and valves, and by the
method herein first described I can form the ball, or barrel, or reservoir, or bottle,
of any desired greater thickness than the tubes or mouth-piece thereof.
If desired, the valves may, according to my Invention, be placed at or near the
ends of the delivery and suction tubes when the articles are formed in other modes
than those above described; for instance, an imitation may be made of articles
produced by the nodes of manufacture above described by forming the parts in the
manner heretofore adopted, and cementing the tube or tubos to the ball or barrel,
or to the reservoir or bottle, and thereby dispensing with the metallic or other
joints usually adopted.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James George Ingram in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
October 1878.
JAMES GEORGE INGRAM, senior, of the London India-rubber Works, Felstead
Street, Hackney Wick, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF ENEMAS, SYRINGES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF INDIA-
RUBBER,"
The Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of enemas,
syringes, and other similar articles of india-rubber, whereby the same may be
formed with fewer parts and with fewer connections or joints, and are rendered
stronger, lighter, less liable to split, and have the valves placed in more convenient
position than heretofore for adjustment and repair.
For this purpose I form the ball, or barrel, or reservoir, or bottle, and the tube
or tubes, entirely or partially by dipping, and either entirely without the usual
seams or with fower of such seams.
In manufacturing an enema, syringe, or other similar article formed with a ball
or barrel, having a tube connected thereto at opposite sides or ends thereof, or with
only one of such tubes, I preferably first form a ball or barrel of about half the
thickness desired for the finished article; this I do by cutting the same out of sheet
rubber and joining the various parts together at the seams by solvent in the usual
manner, and I find it advisable to partially cure this ball or barrel in a mould to
cause it to assume and retain the desired shape. This ball or barrel I mount upon
a rod, wire, or tube, and use as a form or mould, upon which and upon the rod,
wire, or tube I obtain a coating of india-rubber to the desired thickness by
dipping the same any required number of times in dissolved india-rubber or
compound.
When the desired thickness is obtained I remove the rod, wire, or tube, leaving
the first-mentioned ball or barrel within and firmly connected with the finished
article, thereby forming an increased thickness at such part, and where two tubes
are employed I completo the enema, syringe, or other similar article by applying an
inlet valve at or near to the outer end of the suction tube and an outlet valve at
or near to the outer end of the delivery tube, to which I also connect the nozzle in
the usual way.
Instead however of first forming a ball or barrel of india-rubber, as above
described, to serve as a mould or form, a mould of the interior of the ball or barrel
may be formed of wood or other solid material, which, after the required thickness
of india-rubber has been obtained thereon by dipping, is removed through a cut or
slit made in the ball or barrel, the sides of which cut or slit are afterwards cemented
together, after which the article is mounted on a rod, wire, or tube, and again
dipped to increase the thickness and strength thereof, and to form a tube or tubes
thereon, and then cured in the usual way, and finished in the manner above
described; or half the ball or barrel and a tube connected thereto may be formed
by dipping a suitably-shaped mould in dissolved india-rubber or compound thereof,
and then after removal of the two half moulds the two parts are cemented
together.
By the aid of my Invention I can also form reservoir or bottle enemas, syringes,
and such like articles, and can apply thereto suction tubes and valves, and by the
two methods herein first described I can form the ball, or barrel, or reservoir, or
bottle, of any desired greater thickness than the tubes or mouth-piece thereof.
If desired, the valves may, according to my Invention, be placed at or near the
ends of the delivery and suction tubes when the articles are formed in other modes
than those above described; for instance, an imitation may be made of articles
produced by the modes of manufacture above described by forming the parts in the
manner heretofore adopted, and cenienting the tube or tubes to the ball or barrel,

page_text: Figure 1 is partly an exterior view and partly a section of an enema, syringe, or
other similar article, constructed according to my Invention.
a is the ball or barrel, b is the suction tube, and c is the delivery tube, all of
which, according to my Invention, instead of being made in separate detached
pieces, are formed in one continuous body of india-rubber without the usual
imetallic or other connections; & is the suction valve, e is the delivery valve, and f
is the nozzle.
The valves d, e, instead of being placed, as heretofore, at or near the junctions
between the ball or barrel and the suction and delivery tubes are, according to
my Invention, placed at or near the outer ends of such tubes whereby such valves
are more readily placed in position, and they are placed in a more convenient
position than heretofore for adjustment and repair, and this part of my Invention
is applicable to enemas, syringes, and other similar articles manufactured according
to my Invention, or in any other convenient manner.
The improved enemas, syringes, and other similar articles, above described, inny
be manufactured in any of the modes herein-after described.
According to one mode I first form a ball or barrel, about half the thickness
desired for the finished article; this I do by cutting the same out of sheet rubber
and joining the various parts thereof together at the seams by solvent in the usual
manner, and I find it advisable to partially cure this ball or barrel in a mould to
cause it to assumo and retain the desired shape. This partially formed ball or
barrel a I mount, as represented at Figure 2, upon a rod, wire, or tube g, and use
the entire as a form or mould, upon which I obtain a coating of india-rubber to any
desired thickness, as represented at Figure 3, by dipping the same any required
number of times in india-rubber solution or compound.
When the desired thickness is obtained I remove the rod, wire, or tube, leaving
the first-mentioned ball or barrel ax within and firmly connected with the finished
article, thereby forming an increased thickness at such part, as represented at
Figure 3, and I complete the enema, syringe, or other similar article by applying
thoreto an inlet valve dat or near to the outer end of the suction tube b, and an
outlet valve eat or near to the outer end of the delivery tube c, to which I also
connect the nozzle fin the usual way.
The above method of manufacture I also apply to the manufacture of bottle
enemas, syringes, and other similar articles, as represented in section at Figure 4,
in which case I first form the bottle or reservoir about half the thickness desired
for the finished article, by cutting the same out of sheet india-rubber and joining
the parts thereof together at the seams by solvent in the usual manner, and then
partially curing the same in a mould, as before described, after which I dip the
same any required number of times in india-rubber solution or compound until the
desired thickness is obtained, and if desired the bottle or reservoir may be provided
with a tube formed thercon by the process of dipping, as described with respect to
the previous Figures.
And instead of forming the ball or barrel and the inlet and outlet tubes all in
one piece by the process described with respect to Figures 1, 2, and 3, the ball or
barrel may be formed separately by such process as represented at Figure 5, and
the inlet and outlet tubes may be connected thereto in the usual manner; or
half the ball or barrel a and a tube b or c connected thereto may be formed, as
reprented at Figure 6, by dipping a suitably shaped mould in dissolved india-

page_text: rubber or compound, and then after removal of the two half moulds cementing the
two parts together, and I by preference previously bevil the adjoining surfaces so
as to afford more extended surface for the joint, and I also cement around the
exterior of such joint a strip or band of india-rubber, in order that such part may
be suitably strengthened; I then place the entire in a mould, and cure the sune
in the mode well understood for curing other hollow articles of india-rubber, after
which the valves and nozzles are applied, as before described.
Another mode of manufacturing such improved enemas, syringes, and other
similar articles consists in cutting the parts to form the ball, barrel, or reservoir,
and the tube or tubes out of sheet rubber, and cementing the same together, after
which I place the entire in a mould of suitable shape and cure it, as before
described. The lines at h, h, Figure 7, represent the lines of junction of such a
mould; but some of these lines of junction may be differently arranged.
If desired, in this last-described method of manufacture the ball, barrel, or
reservoir may also be made of greater thickness than the tubes by cutting the same
out of thicker sheet india-rubber than that used for the tubes, and previous to
curing the article in a mould strips or rings of india-rubber may also be cemented
around the lines of junction of the various parts to strengthen the same.
At Figure 8 I have represented a section of an enema, syringe, or other similar
article constructed according to my Invention, and of such a form as to facilitate
packing. In this case I invert or turn inwards the ends of the ball or barrel a
and connect the inlet and outlet tubes to the bottom of such inverted ends, so as
to enable the tubes to be coiled around the ball or barrel for packing without injury
to such tubes. This form of enema, syringe, or other similar article may be
produced by cutting the parts thereof out of sheet india-rubber, cementing them
together, and then curing the article in a mould, as herein-before last described;
or it may be manufactured in a similar manner to that described with respect to
Figures 1, 2, and 3, except that in mounting the partially cured ball or barrel on
the tube, rod, or wire for completing the same, and forming the tubes thereon by
dipping I stretch out the inverted or turned-in ends, so as to facilitate the dipping
process, and then before curing the complete article I remove the rod, tube, or wire,
in order to allow or cause the ends of the ball or barrel to return to their turned-in
position, when the tube, rod, or wire is replaced, and the article is finished in the
required form by curing the same in any well-known manner.
I would here remark that since filing my Provisional Specification I have
discovered that the forming a mould of the interior of the ball, barrel, or reservoir
of an enema, syringe, or other similar article, of wax or fusible alloy or other
material capable of being readily removed from such ball, barrel, or reservoir, by
heat or by other means without cutting open such ball, barrel, or reservoir, does
not possess such a degree of utility as to render it advisable to give any further
description thereof.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode in which
I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is,―
Firstly. Manufacturing enemas, syringes, and other similar articles, consisting of
a ball, barrel, or reservoir a and tubes b, c, connected one to each end thereof in
one continuous body of india-rubber, thereby dispensing with the usual metallic or
other connections between the ball, barrel, or roservoir and the tubes, substantially
as herein shown and described.
Secondly. I claim placing the inlet and outlet valves d, e, of enemas, syringes,
and other similar articles at or near to the outer ends of the suction and delivery
tubes b, c, in manner and for the purpose substantially as herein shown and
described.
Thirdly. I claim manufacturing the aforesaid improved enemas, syringes, and
other similar articles by first making a ball or barrel, about half the thickness
required for the finished article, by cutting the parts thereof out of sheet india-
rubber, cementing such parts together and partially curing the same in a mould,
and then using the same in combination with a rod, wire, or tube, as a mould upon

page_text: which I obtain a coating of any desired thickness by dipping the same any required
number of times in dissolved india-rubber or compound, in manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein shown and described.
Fourthly. I claim manufacturing enemas, syringes, and other similar articles by
forming half the ball, barrel, or reservoir, and a tube connected thereto by dipping
a suitably shaped mould in dissolved india-rubber or compound, and then after
removal of the same from the moulds cementing the two parts together and curing
the same, in manner and for the purpose substantially as herein shown and
described.
And, Fifthly. I claim manufacturing bottle enemas, syringes, and other similar
articles and balls or barrels for the same, by first making them about half the thickness
required for the finished articles by cutting the parts thereof out of sheet india-
rubber, cementing such parts together and partially curing the same in a mould,
and then using the same as a mould, upon which I obtain a coating of any desired
thickness, by dipping the same any required number of times in dissolved india-
rubber or compounds thereof, in manner and for the purpose substantially as herein
shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James George Ingram, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.