CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ARCHIBALD COOPER, of New Mills, near Ashbourn, in the County of Derby,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-third day of May, in the seventh year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William
Archibald Cooper, Her especial license that I, the said William Archibald
Cooper, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Archibald Cooper, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING COTTON, WOOL,
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso obliging me, the said William Archibald Cooper, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Archibald Cooper, do hereby declare that the nature of my said
Invention consists,-

page_text: First, in forming or placing at the top of the flyer an eye in such a position,
and in passing the thread through this eye, after it has been passed round one
of the wings of the flyer, in such manner, as to enable all, or nearly all, the
required twist to be put into the thread between the said eye and the drawing
or delivering rollers.
Secondly, in the form of flyer, herein-after described, having the shoulders
of its wings sloping in such a direction, and so situated with reference to the
eye aforesaid, and the screw thread for fixing it on the spindle so placed that I
am enabled to keep the thread in close contact with the wing of the flyer, and
thus prevent its being thrown loosely round in the air, as threads which are
left more at liberty usually are, in consequence of which the thread is less
liable to be broken in the process of spinning, and when spun it is smoother
on the surface, and the spindle may be turned a greater number of revolutions
in a given time.
And, lastly, in an adjusting guide placed between the delivering or drawing
rollers and the eye aforesaid, in order to alter at pleasure the direction of the
thread in its passage from the said rollers to the said eye, so as thereby to alter
the draught upon the bobbin.
And, in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said William
Archibald Cooper, do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention
is to be performed by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, similar
letters being used to denote similar parts in all the Figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents, in section, a side view of parts of a fly frame, and my
improved adjusting guide for regulating the draught on the bobbin. It also
represents a spindle with my improved flyer, shewing the eye fixed to it at
the top.
Figure 2 represents a front view of such parts of a fly frame, and of my
improved guide, as are shown in Figure 1. It also represents two spindles
having my improved flyers attached to them, with one of my said eyes fixed
on the top of each, and the screw thread of the spindle situated as here
shewn at s.
Figure 3 represents a plan of my improved adjusting guide.
I shall not more particularly describe those parts of a fly frame which I
have shown, and which form no part of my Invention, as they are well known
to all persons conversant with this description of machinery for spinning.
The parts marked a represent the drawing or delivering rollers; b represents

page_text: the thread of yarn which is being spun; c represents the adjustable guide ;
d represents the eye placed at the top of the flyer f, and round which the
thread is passed, as here shown, to put in twist to it between that point and
the rollers a. The parts marked 9 are the bobbins, round which the spun
yarn is drawn in the usual manner. When the machine is set in motion, the
thread which is being spun passes from the drawing or delivering rollers a,
over the adjustable guide c (see Figures 1 and 2), through the eye d, round
one wing of the flyer f, on to the bobbin 9; and by the arrangement of the thread
passing through the eye d, in manner here shewn, all or nearly all the twist that
is put into the thread is put in between the eye d and the delivering or drawing
rollers a, while the direction given to the thread by passing through the eye d,
with the draught of the bobbin also upon it, keeps the thread in contact with
that wing of the flyer down and round which it passes to the bobbin, so that a
higher velocity may in consequence be given to the spindle, while the thread is
at the same time kept from coming in contact with the top of the bobbin as
it rises between the wings of the flyer. The guide c is fixed upon two flat
pieces of metal (see Figure 3), each of which has a slot in it, and a bolt
passes through each of these slots to secure the guide in an upright position to
the bar on which it is placed, so as to admit of the guide being moved either
forward or backward. When the guide is drawn forward towards the point h
(see Figure 1), where the guide and the thread are shewn in dotted lines, the
draught upon the bobbin will be diminished; and when it is pushed back
towards the point where the guide and the thread are also shewn in dotted
lines, the draught upon the bobbin will be increased.
Having now described the manner in which my said Invention is to be
performed, it should be stated that the principle of my Invention will be
found equally applicable to the process called doubling; and I would suggest
that the eye d may be placed either on the spindle or the flyer, so long as the
position of it with reference to the shoulders of the spindle and the drawing or
delivering rollers is preserved; and that the thread may be simply passed
through the eye, or wrapped round it also; and that my said improved guide
may be made a fixture when the required draught is ascertained, though I
prefer it to be adjustable. But I hereby claim the following improvements,
that is to say:-
First, the eye herein-before described, placed in such a position at the top
of a flyer, and working with the thread passed round or through it, as herein-
before described, for the purpose of putting twist, by means of the said eye,
into that part of the thread between the said eye and the delivering rollers.
Secondly, the flyer of the improved form of sloping shoulders, and with its

page_text: screw threads situated as aforesaid, and herein-before described, whether
working in connection with the said eye on the top of it, with the thread
passing round or through the said eye, and thence down and round one wing
of the flyer, as herein-before described, or otherwise.
And, lastly, the improved adjustable guide, working as herein-before de-
scribed, for giving increased or diminished draught to the bobbin.
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
entirely new, and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, and Her
Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I hereby declare this
to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my said
Specification doth comply in all respects, fully and without reserve or disguise,
with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent con-
tained. Wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and
privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Archibald Cooper, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid William Archibald Cooper came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.