CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS AND BURNERS
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
RESTELL, of Kennington, in the County of Surrey, Watch Manufacturer,"
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Seventeenth day of June, in the fifteenth year of Her reign, did give and
grant unto me, the said Thomas Restell, my exors, adññors, and assigns, Her
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Thomas
Restell, my exors, admors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Thomas
Restell, my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years'
therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called'
England, Her Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and
also in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and in all
Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS AND BURNERS;" in which said Letteri
Patent there is contained a proviso that I, the said Thomas Restell, 'shall
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of

page_text: the said in part recited Letters Patent, as, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Restell, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed is particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following instrument in writing, (reference being had to the
letters and figures therein contained, and to the Drawings thereunto annexed),
that is to say:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in raising and lowering
the wick or cotton of ordinary lamps when furnished with collapsing cotton
holder; secondly, to improvements in the construction of pressure lamps;
thirdly, to improvements in conducting air to the flame in ringhead and other
lamps; fourthly, to an improved portable travelling lamp; and, fifthly, to an
improved hollow candle lamp. →
Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents at Fig. 1 a side eleva-
tion of a ringhead lamp; Fig. 2, a sectional front elevation of the burner;
Fig. 3, a top or plan view of the ringhead; Fig. 4, a transverse vertical section
taken through the dotted lines a, a; Fig. 5, the base or underneath portion of
the burner, shewing the draught holes, and at Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11,
enlarged detached views of parts separately shewn. In each Figure the
same letters of reference denote similar corresponding parts.
My improvements for raising or lowering the wick in cotton holders,
which are shown at Figures 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, in Sheet 1, are
carried into effect by the employment of a spiral wire or thread A, A,
working in suitable bearings within the burner between the inner and
outer tubes B and C. Upon the lower end of the collapsing wick or cotton
holder D, D, as aforesaid, I cause the projecting stud E, E, through which
the spiral passes, to be fitted with one or more pins F, F, projecting inwards,
for the purpose of taking into the grooves of the said spiral, so as to cause the
cotton or wick holder to traverse freely within the burner. G, G, division plate
separating the inner and outer tubes B and C, as aforesaid; H, H, conical
bearing shoulder or stuffing ground, and fitted into a suitable cavity I, I,
within the division plate J; J, as represented in the Drawings; K, K, pressure.
spring bearing, secured as in manner shown, to the lower extremity of the bur-
ner, within which the lower end of the spiral rests, so that the said bearing may
at all times exert an upward pressure sufficient to keep the conical surfaces of
the stuffing and division plate. close enough to prevent the oil from exuding by
the rotatory action given to the spiral; L, L', toothed gearing for giving rotation

page_text: to the spiral, the stud or pinion L being fixed to the said spiral, while the cog
or toothed wheel L' takes into the same and revolves with it from the bearings.
M, M, as represented; N, N, glass knob or handle. The advantages to be
derived from the disposition or arrangements of the said parts in the mode of
working the cotton or wick holder, as before described, consist in the increased
economy of the cotton, which is nearly all consumed before the wick is done
with, whereas the present system renders it necessary not only to remove the
holder to put the cotton on, but to waste the greater portion thereof, which is
left unconsumed upon the holder. Fig. 6 next represents my improved solar
lamp fitted with cotton holder, as herein-before described; the novelty of
which is, that it dispenses with the necessity of turning the ring of the lamp-
head round to raise or lower the cotton as heretofore, by which means I am
'enabled to supply air through the perforations in the run O, O, to the punkah
top or shade P, P, whilst the lower openings feed the burner; Fig. 18
represents a ringhead lamp with punkah top.
My improvements consist in the perforated dome for supplying the shade or
top with air, whilst I disperise with the under dish or gauze as heretofore, the
burner being supplied from the base as at Fig. 5. Sheet 2 represents at
Fig. 1 an external elevation of another contrivance for elevating the wick or
cotton in lamps, and at Fig. 2 a transverse section of the holder adapted
thereto. For this purpose I employ the usual spiral channel A round the
inner tube of the burner B; and I cause to be attached to the cotton holder C
a moveable shoulder D, which has studs E, E, working in the spiral channel
A, A. To prevent the cotton holder from partaking as heretofore in the
rotatory motion of its shoulder D, I furnish it with a guide stud F taking into
the vertical slot G in the inner tube, by which means the steady and
rectilinear upward motion of the wick is secured.
My improvements in pressure lamp, referred to under the second head of
my Invention, as shown at Figs. 17, 18, and 19, relate, firstly, to the em-
ployment of a chain H and chain wheel I for the purpose of winding
up the pressure spring K; secondly, to the application of a cup or rim J to.
the top of the burner, the effect of which is that the cotton. when drawn
down to put out the lamp descends at once into the oil, and the flame is.
instantly extinguished without smoking; and, thirdly, to the application of a
collapsing cotton holder to this description of lamps.
My improvements in conducting air to the flame of ringhead oil lamps in
general consist in adapting a glass cone T to the gallery and round the
burner whereof, the smaller end being placed next the flame, the air is

page_text: admitted directly thereupon, and not spread over the whole surface as here
tofore. I also adjust a moveable button or spreader V, that can be removed
at pleasure, and cleared of any portions of wick that may have aceu
mulated in the burner, and afterwards be put back without standing. less
uprightly.
My improvements in portable travelling lamps, referred to under the fourth
head of my Invention, consist in an improved construction of such lamps, and
of bands or fastenings thereto appended, in virtue of which they may be
secured to the leg of any railway traveller. Fig. 16 represents a sectional
elevation of a portable lamp of this description within its case. Fig. 14 a top
plan view, and Fig. 13 the lamp separately shown. a, a, is the case; b, b
the top or cover; c, c, lamp; d, d, band for attaching the same to the knee.
Fig. 15 represents a lamp vesta box, separately shewn; e, vesta box; f, vestas;
9, glass; h, glass holder; i, thumb screw for adjusting the glass g.
or
My improvements referred to under the fifth head. of my Invention are
shown. at Fig. 10, where A represents the head of my hollow candle; B, B, a
disc of tallow; C, C, the burner; D, the holder; E, the rack affixed to the
holder; F, pinion acting in the same by motion of handle G; H, leather or
brass stuffing; I, screw to draw the conical head of pinion F tight into the
stuffing; J, cap for supporting the chimney, gallery, and shade; and J', the
gallery.
Having now described the nature of my improvements, and the manner in
which the same are carried into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise details herein-before given; but that which I
do claim as new and of my said Invention is,
Firstly, the use of a spiral between the tubes of a burner when applied
to lamps furnished with a collapsing cotton holder, as shown and described
under the first head of my Invention.
Secondly, the soldering or fixing a metallic conical headed pinion upon the
spiral, so as to avoid the necessity of making them from one piece.
Thirdly, I claim the use of a spring or elastic material in the interior of a
screw, as shown at Figures 9, 10, and 11.
Fourthly, the use of a cup to the top of the burner in pressure lamps, and,
a chain and pulley, as shown at Figures 17, 18, and 19.
Fifthly, the use of a glass cone and spreaders to oil or other lamps, in S
manner shown at Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8.
:
Sixthly, the use of a perforated edge or rim to solar lamps, to support the
shade or glass, Fig. 12, 2, 2.