IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OD A PRAPATHS FOR WASHING AND WRINGING CLOTHES OR FABRICS."
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Coles, of Gresham Street, West, in the City
of London, Merchant, James Archibald Jaques, of Tottenham, in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, and John Americus Fanshawe, of the
same Place, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES
OD A PRAPATHS FOR WASHING AND WRINGING CLOTHES OR FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Coles, James
Archibald Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th March
1863.
We, GEORGE COLES, of Gresham Street, West, in the City of London,
Merchant, JAMES ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex,
Chemist, and JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES
OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND WRINGING CLOTHES OR FABRICS," to be as
follows:
Our Invention of "Improvements in Machines or Apparatus for Washing
and Wringing Clothes or Fabrics," relates to that class of machines in which the
clothes are passed between rollers for the purpose of squeezing or forcing out
the water that the clothes or fabrics take up from the vessel to which the
washing, squeezing, or wringing apparatus may be adapted.
Our improvements consist, first, in a novel mode of constructing the squeezing
rollers, and second, to an improved mode of mounting them.

page_text: The first improvement consists in making one or both of the squeezing rollers
cellular, and of some suitable elastic material. The cells of the rollers will there-
fore take up a certain quantity of suds or liquid, and when the elastic rollers
are compressed by passing the clothes or fabrics between them, the liquid being
incompressible will be forced or squirted through the fabric, and in so doing
will effectually remove any dirt that may adhere thereto. When the machine
is to be used for washing alone, two clastic rollers will be sufficient, but if the
machine is to be a combined washing and wringing machine, then an additional
smooth elastic upper roller must be employed.
In constructing this combined machine, the central roller is mounted in
fixed bearings, but the upper and lower rollers are mounted in bearings or
blocks which are capable of moving up or down between horns or in a slot
made in the uprights of the framing. These top and bottom rollers are kept
in contact with the central roller by means of strong vulcanized rubber bands,
which are capable of stretching and allowing the pressing rollers to yield to any
undue pressure.
All the rollers are by preference constructed of what is
known as junction rubber, that is, partly hard rubber and partly soft or ordinary
vulcanized rubber.
In making these rollers, which are all by preference provided with metal
spindles, the spindles, if made of wrought iron, may be first coated with brass,
or the surface of the spindle may be roughened so as to hold the rubber roll
firmly thereon, then a suitable thickness of hard rubber compound is placed
on the spindle, after which a proper thickness of ordinary soft rubber
compound is added to make the rollers of the required diameter. If desired,
an outer coating of hard rubber compound may be added, but this is not abso-
lutely necessary. The rubber is then cured by introducing the roller into a
curing oven in the ordinary way, and the rubber will be found to adhere with
such tenacity to the spindle, that it will be almost impossible to detach it
therefrom.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John Americus
Fanshawe in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
COLES, of Gresham Street, West, in the City of London, Merchant, JAMES
ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham,in the County of Middlesex, Chemist, and
JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said, George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John Americus Fan-
shawe, Her special license that we, the said George Coles, James Archibald
Jacques, and John Americus Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said George Coles, James Archibald
Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND WRINGING CLOTHES
OR FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George
Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Coles, James Archibald
Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be.
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
-:
Our Invention of "Improvements in Machines or Apparatus for Washing
and Wringing Clothes or Fabrics" relates to that class of machines in which
the clothes are passed between rollers for the purpose of squeezing or forcing
out the water that the clothes or fabrics take up from the vessel to which the
washing, squeezing, or wringing apparatus may be adapted.
Our improvements consist, first, in a novel mode of constructing the
squeezing rollers, and second, in an improved mode of mounting them.
The improvement consists in making one or both of the squeezing rollers
cellular, and of some suitable elastic material. The cells of the rollers will there-
fore take up a certain quantity of suds or liquid, and when the elastic rollers are
compressed by passing the clothes or fabrics between them, the liquid being
incompressible, will be forced or squirted through the fabric, and in so doing

page_text: will effectually remove any dirt that may adhere thereto.
When the machine
is to be used for washing alone, two elastic rollers will be sufficient, but if the
machine is to be a combined washing and wringing machine, then an additional
smooth elastic upper roller must be employed.
In constructing this combined machine, the central roller is mounted in
fixed bearings, but the upper and lower rollers are mounted in bearings or
blocks which are capable of moving up or down between horns or in a slot
made in the uprights of the framing. These top and bottom rollers are kept
in contact with the central roller by means of strong vulcanized rubber bands,
which are capable of stretching and allowing the pressing rollers to yield to
any undue pressure. All the rollers are by preference constructed of what is
known as junction rubber, that is, partly hard rubber and partly soft or
ordinary vulcanized rubber.
In making these rollers, which are all by preference provided with metal
spindles, the spindles, if made of wrought iron, may be first coated with brass,
on the surface of the spindle may be roughened so as to hold the rubber roll
firmly thereon, then a suitable thickness of hard rubber compound is placed on
the spindle, after which a proper thickness of ordinary soft rubber compound
is added to make the rollers of the required diameter. If desired, an outer
coating of hard rubber compound may be added, but this is not absolutely
necessary. The rubber is then cured by introducing the roller into a curing
oven in the ordinary way, and the rubber will be found to adhere with such
tenacity to the spindle that it will be almost impossible to detach it there-
from.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one of our
improved machines adapted to a suitable washing trough or vessel A; Fig. 2
is a transverse vertical section of the same. a, b, c, are the squeezing rollers,
all of which are constructed with junction rubber, and their surfaces are there-
fore elastic. The centre roller a is provided with a long spindle, and is mounted
in stationary bearings attached to the sides of the trough or vessel A, or in the
vertical standards d, d. On one end of the spindle of this central roller a is
a crank or winch handle e, whereby rotary motion is communicated thereto.
The upper roller b, and the lower or cellular roller c, are mounted in slotted
bearings one above and the other below the central roller a, and each end of
the spindles of the rollers b and c is provided with a grooved pulley f, f, round
which are passed the strong endless rubber springs 9, 9, whereby the rollers b
and c are forcibly pressed against the central roller a. It will be seen that
the lower roller c is cellular, that is, a number of cells, holes, or recesses, c', c³,
are made therein. In operating with this machine, the vessel A should be

page_text: supplied with water until the lower or cellular roller is totally immersed as
shewn in the Drawing. The clothes or fabrics to be operated upon having
first been soaked in the suds, are then to be passed between the rollers a and c,
and as the surface of the latter becomes compressed, the water contained in
the cells or holes c', c¹, being incompressible, will be forced or squirted through
the fabric, and in so doing will wash or force out any dirt that may adhere
to the fibres. The clothes may be passed more than once between the
rollers a and c, and when perfectly cleaned from dirt the water may be squeezed
out by passing them between the rollers 6 and a.
Having now described our Invention of "Improvements in Machines or
Apparatus for Washing and Wringing Clothes or Fabrics," and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, we claim as the Inven-
tion secured to us by Letters Patent as aforesaid,―
First, constructing the lower squeezing roller c with cells, holes, or recesses
therein for the purpose herein set forth.
Second, we claim, the mode herein described of mounting the rollers.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques,
and John Americus Fanshawe, have hereunto set our bands and seals,
this Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-three.
GEO. COLES.
JAS. A. JAQUES.
(L.S.)
(L.B.)
JOHN A. FANSHAWE. (L.s.)
GEO. COLES.
JAS. A. JAQUES.
(L.S.)
(L.B.)
JOHN A. FANSHAWE. (L.S.)