AN IMPROVED AND COMBINED AXLE AND BOX
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 19th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 20th Dec., 1887
I ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 46, Southampton Buildings, Holborn in the
county of Middlesex and 31, Lincoln Place, Leinster Street, Dublin, Patent Agent
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for AN IMPROVED AND COMBINED
AXLE AND BOX, a communication to me from abroad by Etienne Jeanningros,
Veterinary Surgeon of the city of Paris in the Republic of France, to be as
follows:-
Up to the present time axles on which heavy or light draught vehicles are borne
have rested by their spindles in boxes of various construction either keyed or bolted
to the wheels. In this invention it is otherwise the two ends of the axle are hollowed
with either perfectly cylindrical or slightly conical holes in which the spindles are
adjusted with slight friction, and are placed concentrically in the boxes and solidly
fitted into the bottom of these boxes.
By this novel arrangement friction is greatly reduced the parts being in close
contact are perfectly protected from dust, and the lubricating oil being in a perfectly
closed space is always kept in a fluid state and becomes completely utilized.
Thus there is a considerable saving of grease; and draught is considerably
lessened.
Moreover the greatest security is assured, for if one or other of the spindles
breaks where it fits in the box the axle will rest quite securely in this box, by this
means preventing the great and often serious dangers and inconvenience caused by
the breakage of the spindles such as are in present use.
The accompanying drawings represent by Fig. 1 a longitudinal section of my
improved and combined axle and box.
Fig. 2, is a transverse section following the line 1, 2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the end of the axle.
The axle a beyond the collar bis extended by the cylindrical part e which is also
pierced throughout a part or the whole of its length in a sense concentrically with its
external formation with a cylindrical hole which may also be slightly conical, its
greatest diameter then being at the entrance of the opening. In the hollow of the
axle a spindle which is a true cylinder, or is slightly conical, is adjusted with slight

page_text: friction according to the nature of the axle. This spindle is driven in with force and
keyed to the bottom d', of the iron box d, which by means of two ears or lugs e, is
rendered solid with the nave r of the wheel. This nave is secured to the axle
longitudinally by the following arrangement. On this side of the collar or shoulder b,
the axle is turned for the reception of a strong ring 9, which rests against the collar b,
by the interposition of a leather washer h. The ring 9 is pierced with a certain
number of holes (three for example) in which the bolts k, are fixed by nuts k¹; these
bolts pass through the nave.
By this arrangement the wheel is secured as required to the axle with the guarantee
of security and freedom of revolution.
The heads of the bolts may either rest directly on the nave or on a metal ring m.
On reference to the drawing it will be observed that the end of the axle comes in
contact with the surface d², which forms the bottom of the annular space of the box.
This contact may also be effected by the interposition of a leather washer for
example, or any other appropriate matter whether metallic or otherwise.
A groove n, hollowed in the axle forms a reservoir for oil which prolongs the
duration of the lubrication, and assures the complete cleanliness of the parts. The
spindle, is of cast steel or the best class of iron. The end of the axle in which the
spindle penetrates or boxes would be of cast steel, or iron. The rings g, are first
placed on the axle before soldering or fixing the collars b, and may be made in two
parts.
1°
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1031

page_text: An Improved and Combined Axle and Box.
1 ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 46, Southampton Buildings Holborn in the
county of Middlesex and 31, Lincoln Place Leinster Street, Dublin, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for, "AN IMPROVED AND COMBINED
AXLE AND BOX," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described, and ascertained in and by the following statement, a communication
to me from abroad by Etienne Jeanningros Veterinary Surgeon, of the city of
Paris, in the Republic of France :-
Hitherto the axles, (on which heavy or light draught vehicles are borne) rest by
their spindles, or journals, in variously constructed journal boxes, either keyed, or
bolted to the wheels.
In this invention the two ends of the axle, are hollowed out, with either perfectly
cylindrical, or slightly conical holes, or channels, in which the spindles, or journals,
are adjusted with slight friction being placed concentrically in the boxes, and fitting
solidly in the bottom thereof.
The lubricating oil, is held in a groove, in the axle, forming a perfectly closed
space, and the parts fitting closely, dust, and grit, are excluded; the oil being kept
in a perfectly fluid state, its action is thorough, and complete.
By this method of construction, there is a considerable saving in grease, and
draught is greatly reduced. Moreover serious accidents are avoided, should the
journal, or journals, break, as by the improved method of construction, the axle
would remain securely in the boxes.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section of my
improved and combined axle and box. Fig. 2, being a transverse section of the
same, following the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, being a longitudinal section of the end of an axle, of the description
embodying my invention.
The axle a, beyond the collar or shoulder b, Figs. 1, and 3, is prolonged, by the
cylindrical part c, which is pierced cylindrically, or slightly conically, throughout the
whole or part of its length; its greatest diameter, when conical, being at the entrance
to the opening.
In this hollow c, (of the axle a,) which as stated, may be either cylindrical, or
conical, a spindle or journal f, of similar form to the opening, is forcibly driven, and
keyed in the bottom d', of the iron journal or axle box d, which latter is fixed to the
boss or nave r, of the wheel by aid of the ears, or lugs e, Fig. 2.
This boss or nave, is secured to the axle longitudinally, in the following manner.
Outside the collar b, the axle is turned for the reception of a strong ring 9 Fig. 1
(in one or two parts) which rests against the collar b, by the interposition of a
leather washer h. This ring 9, is pierced with a certain number of holes (three for
example) in which the ends of the bolts k, (which pass through the nave) are fixed
by nuts k¹.

page_text: By this arrangement, the wheel is secured as required to the axle, with the
guarantee of security and freedom of revolution.
The heads of the bolts, may either rest directly on the nave, or on a metal ring m.
On reference to the drawing, it will be observed that the end of the axle, comes in
contact with the surface forming the bottom of the annular space of the box.
This contact may also be effected by the interposition of a leather washer for
example, or any other appropriate matter, whether metallic, or otherwise.
n Figs. 2 and 3, is the groove alluded to as hollowed in the axle, and forming an
oil reservoir, by this means the duration of the lubricant is prolonged, and complete
cleanliness of the parts is insured.
The journal fis of cast steel, or the best class of iron. The end of the axle, in
which the journal penetrates, or boxes, is iron, coated with steel; or it may be of
cast steel. The rings g, are first fitted on the axle, before soldering or fixing the
collars b, and they may be made in two parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
The method of constructing axles, journals and journal or axle boxes, in the
manner herein specified, the said axles being pierced or hollowed out, with either
perfectly cylindrical, or slightly conical holes, or channels, in which the journals
(shaped to correspond with the form of channel in the axle,) are adjusted, or fitted, so
as to turn with slight friction; being placed concentrically in the said boxes, and
fitting solidly in the bottom thereof, such boxes being attached by any convenient
method to the bosses of the wheels.
I also claim the application of my invention to carriages of all descriptions, and to
tramcars, railway carriages, or rolling stock.
DL 1
AT
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