An Improved Automatic Arrangement for the Prevention of Priming in Steam Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 14th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 25th Apr, 1896
An Improved Automatic Arrangement for the Prevention of Priming
in Steam Engines.
I, JULES EMMANUEL DERY, of 28 Rue du Marteau, Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Engineer, do bereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to an improved automatic arrangement for the prevention
of puming in steam engines such as locomotives, steam rollers and the like
The object of this invention is accomplished by applying to the steam chests of
engine cylinders such as locomotives, an automatic arrangement for extracting the
water contained in the steam before its admission into the cylinders which latter
are thus supplied exclusively with steam of the highest degree of dryness and
consequently share the considerable advantages pointed out by Hiru, Hallaner,
Dwelshamvers Dery and others, which advantages are especially important for
engines, in which the amount of priming resulting from the ordinary causes 18
essentially increased by mechanical causes due to many abnormal conditions to
which these motors are subjected in the fulfilment of their functions. Apart from
the advantages of a superior output, resulting from this new application there are
further considerable advantages, namely the absence of water in the cylinders
whereby any concussion and breakage of the ends of the cylinders, also the
abnormal use of lubricating material and the deterioration of the blast-hole are
avoided which are much greater in the presence of and under the influence of the
water than in the presence of steam only.
The application of this automatic arrangement for eliminating the water from
the steam chests is the more perfect and reasonable as the entire expulsion of
water takes place while the whole amount of dry steam is preserved or at least no
appreciable loss of steam is sustained.
The construction of this arrangement is as follows: One extremity of an
evacuating pipe passes into the lower space of the steam chest where the water
accumulates whilst the other extremity terminates in a closed reservon, slightly
inclined and communicating through an automatic blow off cock of any appropriate
construction with a secoud, horizontal reservoir, a pipe of which latter passes to
the feed injector of the boiler, the two reservoirs being suitably connected to the
framework of the motor on to another appropriate part of the engine
The blow off cock 19 preferably a thermic apparatus based upon the principle of
the dilatation of a volatile liquid, enclosed in a steel curve which closes the inlet
orifice for the water when the same 18 replaced by the steam in the slightly
inclined reservoir. In other words: When no water is present in the steam chest
the steam in its place keeps the whole arrangement closed and the oylinders are
fed by dry steam.
When on the other hand water of condensation or water which is carried forth
with the steam is present in the chest such water will flow off through the
evacuating pipe into the inclined reservoir where it actuates the blow off cock so
as to open the passage leading to the horizontal reservoir, where the water is
filtered for the purpose of depriving the same of any lubricating substances that
may have been carried over; and after this filtration it passes as pure water
through the respective pipe to the injector.

page_text: It is obvious that by the aid of this arrangement the loss of steam is nil. or at
least insignificant since such loss can only occur during the moment between the
time when tho bydraulic closure and the close of the blow off cock is interrupted;
this interruption being diminished in proportion as the blow off cock acts more or
less accurately In the case where two non-continuous steam chests are applied it
15 evidently sufficient to provide two evacuating pipes and to make them confluent
at the entrance into the inclined reservoir. The said evacuating pipes may more-
over be provided with cocks permitting of the placing of the blow off cock at will
out of action by the aid of a 1od actuated by the engine, and in order to avoid any
mud or sediments from being called over a piece of gauze may be arranged upon
the inlet orifice of the blow off cock into the inclined resei voir.
If no valve is attached to the amount of heat recovered for the feed by the
exhaust water, the bonizontal reservou may be omitted and if the capacity of the
evacuating pipe were sufficient to allon of the omission of the inclined reservoir, it
would have to be connected duectly to the blow off cock which on its part
discharges directly into the atmosphere; the realization of the principal advantages
of this arrangement is thus always safely obtained.
It is obvious that by the aid of this arrangement the cylinders no longer receive
any water that is called over and that their blow off cocks will require to be
opened only after a comparatively long interval of inactivity of the engine, for the
purpose of discharging the water which results from the condensation of the steam
that has settled down in the cylinders.
Dated thus 14th day of May 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
An improved Automatic Arrangement for the Prevention of Priming
in Steam Engines.
I, JULES EMMANUEL DERY, of 28 Rue du Marteau, Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement.—
This invention iclates to an improved automatic arrangement for the prevention
of prinuing in steam engines such as locomotives steam rollers and the like.
The object of this invention 18 accomplished by applying to the steam chests of
engine cylinders, such as locomotives, an automatic aliangement for extracting the
water contained in the steam before its admission into the cylinders which latter
are thus supplied exclusively with steam of the highest degree of dryness and
consequently share the considerable advantages pointed out by Hirn, Hallauer,
Dwelshamvers Dery and others which advantages are especially important for
engines, in which the amount of puming resulting from the ordinary causes 18
essentially increased by mechanical causes due to many abnormal conditions to
which these motors are subjected in the fulfilment of their functions. Apart from
the advantages of a superior output, resulting from this new application there are
further considerable advantages, namely the absence of water in the cylinders
whereby any concussion and breakage of the ende of the cylinders, also the
abnormal use of lubricating material and the deterioration of the blast-hole are
avoided which are much greater in the presence of and under the influence of the
water than in the presence of steam only.
The application of this automatic at raugement for extracting the water from the
steam chests is the more perfect and reasonable as the entire expulsion of water takes

page_text: place while the whole amount of diy steam is preserved on at least no appreciable
loss of steam is sustained.
This improved device is illustrated in the accompanying diawing in which
Figure 1 is a cross section of a pair of cylinders having a double steam chest
with the improved arrangement applied thereto,
Figue 2 is a half section of another form of cylinder having single steam chests
with the improved arrangement applied thereto, and
Figs. 3 and 4 show the valve and its connections to an enlarged scale.
The construction of this arrangement in both the forms of cylinders shown is AS
follows.-
T18 an evacuating pipe passing through the wall of the steam chest at the lower
part thereof where the water of condensation accumulates whilst the other extremity
of the said pipe terminates in a closed reservon R slightly inclined and communi-
cating through an automatic cock on valve P of any appropriate construction with
a second, horizontal reservoir R from which latter a pipe L passes to the feed
injector of the boiler, the two reservoirs being suitably connected to the framework
of the motor or to another appropiate part of the engine.
The cock or valve P is preferably a thermic apparatus based upon the principle
of the expansion of a volatile liquid, enclosed in a steel tube.
It is in fact an automatic blow through cock which cousists of a closed box as
indicated and in which a branch or tube containing a volatile liquid is pivoted.
This tube caries the valve which opens the outlet of the reservoir at the
temperature at which condensation takes place. When however steam passes, the
liquid in the tube is expanded and the said tube is straightened and closes
the outlet of the reservoir. The valve re-opens automatically when the steam is
condeused. When no water is present in the steam chest, the steam in its place
keeps the whole arrangement closed and the cylinders are fed by dry steam.
When on the other hand water of condensation or water which 19 carried forth
with the steam 18 present in the chest such water will flow off through the
evacuating pipe T into the inclined reservoir R where it actuates the cock or
valve P so as to open the passage leading to the horizontal reservoir R¹ where the
water 18 filtered for the purpose of depriving the same of any lubricating substances
that may have been carried over, and after this filtration it passes as pure water
through the respective pipe L to the injector.
It is obvious that by the aid of this arrangement the loss of steam is nul. or at
least significant, since such loss can only occur during the moment between the
time when the hydraulic closure and the closure of the cock on valve is interrupted;
this interruption being diminished in proportion as the said cock or valve acts more
or less accurately. In the case where two non-continuous stent-chests are applied
it is evidently sufficient to provide two evacuating pipes T and to make them
confluent at the entrance into the inclined reservoir R. The said evacnating
pipes T may moroover be provided with cocks permitting of the placing of the
cock or valve at will out of action by the aid of a rod actuated by the engine, and
in order to avoid any mud or sediments from being carried over a piece of gauze
may be arranged upon the inlet orifice of the cock or valve P into the inclined
reservoir.
If no value is attached to the amount of heat recovered for the feed by the
exhaust water the horizontal reservoir R' may be omitted and if the capacity of
the evacuation pipe T is made sufficient to allow of the omission of the inclined
reservoir R, it may be connected directly to the cock or valve P which on its part
discharges directly into the atmosphere; the realization of the principal advantages
of this arrangement is thus always safely obtained.
It is obvious that by the aid of this arrangement the cylinders no longer receive
any water that is carried over and that their blow off cocks will require to be opened
only after a comparatively long interval of inactivity of the engine, for the purpose
of discharging the water which results from the condensation of the steam that has
settled down in the cylinders.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declaro that what I
claim 18:
1. In ongines such as locomotives and the like the application to the steam chests
of valves, of an automatic water extracting arrangement for depriving the steam,
before its admission into the cylinders of the whole of the non-vaporized water
carried over from the generator.
2. A method of carrying out the process referred to in the first. claim, the
essential feature being the connection with the steam chest of a receptaclo of
sufficient capacity for the reception of water that accumulates in the steam chest,
and the combination with an automatically acting cock on valve which only opens
in presence of water and closes in presence of steam.
3. A method of carrying out the process referred to in the first claim the
essential feature being the combination with the discharge, of the cock or valve,
forming part of the method of construction described in the second claim, of a
reservon filtering the water of condensation and leading it back to the feed
injector of the boiler.
Dated this 14th der of Februar 1806
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant