Improvements in or Relating to Cycle Driving and Braking Mechanism.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in or Relating to Cycle Driving and Braking
Mechanism.
I, EDOUARD LOUIS HOCQUART, of 146, Rue du Bac, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a device by means of which a cyclist can stop or
disengage the pedals of the cycle while riding and apply the brake by slightly
back-pedalling, whether it be a chain driven or chainless bicycle. This invention
differs from similar devices in its engaging and disengaging mechanism for
operating the brake, and said mechanism being arranged in the hub of the driving
wheel, the brake acting on the exterior of the latter comparatively gradually and
without causing a sudden shock.
The mechanism comprises a part arranged in the hub of the driving wheel and
secured to a spring in the interior of the hub said part being provided with helical
grooves in order to impart a definite motion to two couplings connected together
by keys provided with projections engaging with the helical grooves.
The couplings respectively slide in the interior and exterior of a hollow cylinder
on which is mounted the driven pinion or chain wheel.
The couplings have one at the right and the other at the left hand side, claws or
parts adapted to engage respectively either with those of a part secured to the hub
or with those of a device to which is connected, by means of a spring, the traction or
operating rod of the brake, consisting of a band passing round a drum, formed,
or secured at the end of the hub.
According to the direction in which the effort is exercised on the pedals either
the hub of the driving wheel, or the part to which the brake rod is connected, is caused
to rotate. The brake is then rotated or operated by the rod and is gradually
applied to the drum of the hub without causing a sudden shock, owing to the
interposition of the spring. If the pedals are stopped during riding the coupling
parts take up a middle position and the cycle continues to move owing to the
momentum acquired.

page_text: Improvements in or Relating to Cycle Driving and Braking
Mechanism.
I, EDOUARD LOUIS HOCQUART, of 146, Rue du Bac, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to a device whereby the stopping or disengagement of the
pedals and the application of the brake by a slight reverse movement of the pedals
may be effected whether transmission is effected by chain or by pinion gearing.
In the accompanying drawing:—
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the hub of a cycle, the end of which is shown
as provided with a chain-pinion.
Figure 2 is a side elevation and
Figure 3 a cross section on the line A B of Figure 1.
The chain-pinion a is mounted on the end of a cylindrical and hollow part b.
This part carries two others c d, one inside and the other outside, and both able to
slide frictionally upon it. They are connected together by the two keys e e, which
are kept in their places by a thin tube x. A groove cut in the tube b allows a longi-
tudinal movement of c and d, by means of projections ff, the heads of which engage
in helical grooves in the party, while the stems enter a hole in the respective
keys e e. This part is connected with a spring in the interior of the hub i.
The end of each of the parts c and d forms one part a clutch-coupling device, the
corresponding parts to which are carried by j and respectively.
The part c is adapted to draw forward the part j, and the part d to move back-
wards the parts and which are connected with each other, as well as with m
which can slide on the two former parts by means of the spring n placed between
an abutment p of the part and an abutment o on the part m.
The part m is provided on the outside with a pin q which is connected with the
brake band by means of a rod s in two parts screwing upon one another to permit
of adjustment to the proper length, and an angular levert carried on a part u con-
nected at one end to the axle of the hub, and adjustably mounted at its other end,
on the horizontal tube of the frame, which it partly surrounds. To this part u is
fixed the other end v of the brake band r.
This arrangement enables the rider to conveniently regulate the tension of the
driving chain, without having to consider the brake, which follows the movement
of the wheel.
Operation of the device: In the forward movement the force applied on the teeth
of the pinion a, fixed on the tubular part b rotates the latter, together with the
parts c and d in the forward direction.
:
The heads of the projections f f move onwards, in their helical grooves of the
part g, and the clutches of the part c become coupled with those of the part j con-
nected to the hub i, thus rotating the latter.
When the rider stops pedalling, the heads of the projections f f slide in the
grooves of the part g, the parts c and d are moved in the contrary direction, and
the clutches of the part d are coupled with those of the part K. If now the rider
back-pedals, the part will make a fractional movement backwards and the
spring n drawn by the abutment p, in its turn, exercises a pull on the other abut-
ment o of the part m; on the pin 7 of which is fixed the end of the rod s and the
traction produced upon the latter results in the application of the brake, without
shock, owing to the interposition of the spring n.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. A cycle hub so constructed as to permit stopping of the pedals and the appli-
cation of the brake by means of the pedals, substantially as described or illustrated
in the accompanyings drawings.
2. In a hub of the kind described the arrangement of a part g, connected with a
spring band, in the interior of the hub, and provided with helical grooves for the
purpose of effecting a movement of the coupling device according to the direction
of movement of the pedals, for driving the wheel, or applying the brake, substan-
tially as described.
3. In a hub of the kind described the arrangement of coupling parts, as c d, con-
nected by keys e e, and made to slide arranged respectively on, and in a tubular
part 6; the coupling parts being also provided, at one end, with clutches, adapted
to engage with corresponding clutches of a part j, connected to the hub; or with
those of a part when a slight backward rotation of the pedals is made, thereby
applying the brake, substantially as described.
4. In a hub of the kind described the arrangement of a part, movable on the
axle of the hub, and effecting, when back-pedalling takes place, the rotation of the
part m whereby the brake is applied, without shock, owing to the interposition of
the spring n, substantially as described.
5. In a hub of the kind described the arrangement of a sleeve piece mounted at
one end on one of the tubes of the frame, and at the other end, on the axle of the
hub, and carrying an angular lever, one arm of which is connected to a rod for
transmitting motion from the clutch mechanism in the hub to the brake band,
whilst the other arm is connected to one end of the brake band, the other end
of the latter being fixed to said sleeve piece; so that the action of the brake
follows the movement of the hub, whatever be the method of transmission sub-
stantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of January 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.