Improvements in and connected with the Direct Indication of the Weight or Volume, or both, of Gases, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th May, 1893-Accepted, 8th July, 1893
COMI LEID DIEUITIGATION
Improvements in and connected with the Direct Indication of the
Weight or Volume, or both, of Gases, and Apparatus therefor.
I, Alfred LonGSDON, of 9 New Broad Street, in the City of London, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (which invention has been communicated to me from
abroad by the firm of Fried. Krupp, of Essen, in the Empire of Germany, Cast
Steel Manufacturers) :-
This invention has for its object to find, without any calculation, the volume
or weight of gases which are under any pressure and temperature.
The con-
struction of the apparatus is somewhat similar to that of aneroid barometers and
manometers, from which it differs by the fact that in the apparatus forming the
subject of this application for Letters Patent, an absolutely dry air or gas body
or volume is permanently enclosed in an air-tight spring case or in a "Bourdon's"
ring. The alteration of tension of this enclosed air body produced under different
pressures and temperatures is transferred, in a similar way as in aneroid baro-
meters, to a dial-train, and the result may be seen on a graduated scale.
The scale I belonging to the instrument shewn in the accompanying drawing,
indicates directly the volumes of any gas in question corresponding to the
temperature at the time of observation, and to the pressure existing during the
observation, while the scale II, which may be applied either alone or together
with the scale I, allows the weight of the gases to be read.
The graduation of scale I, shewing the volumes, is arranged in such a manner,
that it enables to be read in hundredth and thousandth parts of the unit of volume,
the expansion of the air body enclosed in the case, the point marked 1000 or 100
indicating at a corresponding position of the hand, that the tension of the enclosed
gas body corresponds to a temperature of 0° Cent. and to a pressure of 760 mm.
If the hand is pointing at 1010 of this scale, it means than the tension of the
enclosed gas body is 10/1000 higher than that of the normal volume, and that
therefore the volume of the observed gas is 10/1000 greater than the normal volume.
One cubic metre of gas measured at a temperature of 0° Cent. and at a pressure of
760 mm. would therefore have expanded then to 1010 litres.
If the apparatus be suspended in the open air and the hand indicates 1074, it
means that one thousand volume parts of air at a temperature of 0° and a pressure
of 760 mm. have expanded to 1074 parts, and that the normal volume of one cubic
metre of this air is 1874.
⚫931 litres.
=
While scale I can indicate the volumes of all the (so-called) gases, scale II,
indicating the weights, is of course a different one for each gas.
For this scale the degrees do not rise uniformly, and are to be calculated for
each case separately. This calculation has been made for the atmospheric air, and
the values found out are indicated in the accompanying drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improvements in and apparatus for, the direct indication of the weight
or volume, or both, of gases, wherein a body or volume of air or gas, enclosed in
an air-tight spring metal ring, or in a similar case, transmits its degree of tension
to a dial train, whereby the degree of tension is indicated, and, by this, the

page_text: alteration of the volume or weight off the observed gas is also indicated, on the
corresponding scale graduations; substantially as set forth.
Dated this 12th day of May 1893..
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for Applicant.