Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Bowls or Rollers used in Mangles, Calenders, and other Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 3rd May, 1890-Accepted, 7th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Bowls or Rollers used
in Mangles, Calenders, and other Machines.
I JOHN OLIVER trading under the style of David Bentley at Norton's Court
Greengate, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer of Bowls, do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the bowls which are used in mangles washing machines
and other machinery and particularly to the cases wherein such bowls are made
of filamentous wood in accordance with a former invention for which Letters Patent
number 473 of the year 1887 have been granted to me or are made of other materials
compacted together so as to constitute substitutes for the ordinary wood bowls. I have
found that bowls made of filamentous wood are too heavy for some purposes owing
partly to the fact that the centre axles or shafts and the end plates have to be very
heavy in order that they may withstand the expansive strain of the compressed
material. The object of my present invention'is to lessen the weight and to reduce
the cost of such bowls. To this end I build up the bowls of rings which are formed
of the filamentous wood and have each a comparatively large centre opening so that
when the bowl is completed a space is left between the rings or some of them and the
shaft. In the formation of the rings holes are formed through which bolts are passed
which connect together the rings and the end plates. The rings are formed by
compressing the filamentous wood in moulds or dies in which are studs or parts which
form the bolt holes in the rings. The rings may be moulded to have interlocking
projecting parts or projections and recesses. In some cases I provide a supporting
shell inside the rings the said shell being built up of wood staves or segments or being
made of metal or of a suitable material. The end plates may be of ordinary or
suitable form but for sake of lightness I prefer to use a plate which is formed with a
flanged periphery and with radial ribs connecting the central boss with the outer
flange. The said boss may project into the bowls to some extent and in some cases
the end plates may have inwardly projecting flanges or ribs. The bolts which
connect together the rings would extend through the two end plates as well as
throngh all the rings. The nuts and bolt heads might be in the spaces between the
projecting ribs so as to be screened or shielded to some extent. The shaft may be
square where it passes through the end plates or be hexagonal polygonal or round as
preferred or in some cases such shaft may be dispensed with. One or more of the
sections may be shaped to bear upon the central shaft. My invention is applicable in
cases wherein are used cotton straw hay esparto chaff or other substances which can
be compressed into ring shaped sections and which are suitable to the intended uses of
the bowls.
Datad thin and day of Ammunt 1000
COME LEIE DIEULTIVATION
Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Bowls or Rollers used
in Mangles, Calenders, and other Machines.
I JOHN OLIVER trading under the style of David Bentley at Norton's Court,
Greengate, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer of Bowls do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following stateinent and
accompanying drawings :-
My said Invention relates to the bowls which are used in mangles, washing

page_text: machines, and other machinery and particularly to the cases wherein such bowls are
made of filamentous wood in accordance with a former invention for which Letters
Patent number 473 of the year 1887 have been granted to me or are made of other
materials compacted together so as to constitute substitutes for the ordinary wood or
paper bowls or rollers. I have found that bowls made of filamentous wood are too
heavy for some purposes owing partly to the fact that the centre axles or shafts and
the end plates have to be very heavy. The object of my present invention is to lessen
the weight and to reduce the cost of such bowls. To this end I build up the bowls of
rings which are formed of the filamentous material and have each a comparatively
large centre opening so that when the bowl is completed a space is left between the
rings or some of them and the shaft. In some or in all cases I provide a supporting
shell inside the rings the said shell being built up of wood staves or segments or being
made of sheet metal or metal plates. My invention is applicable in cases wherein are
used cotton, straw, hay, esparto, chaff, paper or other substances which can be
compressed into ring shaped sections and which are suitable to the intended uses of
the bowls.
When
The nanner in which I propose to carry my invention into effect is indicated by the
accompanying drawings whereof Fig. 1 represents a sectional view drawn about one-
eighth of the full size of one end of a bowl constructed in accordance with my
Invention Fig. 3 representing a cross section of the same drawn to a smaller scale. In
the said Figs. a is the iron or steel centre shaft upon which the bowl is built 6 is the
compacted fibrous or filamentous material such as filamentous wood cotton or other
suitable material and c is the inner supporting shell of wood. The part b is composed
of rings or annular cakes of compressed material of the form indicated in Fig. 2.
These rings are formed by compressing the material used in moulds or dies. The
supporting shell c is composed of wood lags or staves which are made to fit the
central length a of the shaft and to fit against each other as indicated in Fig. 3.
the form of ring shown in Fig. 2 is used the exteriors of the wood staves are turned or
shaped so that together the staves constitute a cylinder of a diameter to fit the eyes in
the rings. The said staves having been secured in position by nailing or pinning
them to each other or by suitable means the rings are threaded on the shaft and are
tightly pressed together by the ordinary means employed suitably strong metal end
rings & being keyed or secured to collars a' formed at each end of the central portion a
of the shaft. In the ordinary method of construction the part a of the shaft would
have to be considerably larger in diameter than the indication in the drawing so that
there is a considerable saving in weight and material. The relative proportions of the
parts band c may be varied according to the diameter of the bowl or to the purpose
for which it is required. In the cases of very large bowls which have not to sustain a
great pressure a space might be left between the staves c and the metal shaft in order
still further to reduce the weight of the bowl. The part a of the shaft might be made
of a square or polygonal form as indicated in Fig. 4 partly to check any tendency
there might be for the built up portions of the bowl to turn upon the shaft, and also if
preferred the eyes in the cakes might be square or polygonal the wood staves being
adapted to suit such formation. In some cases I may form bolt holes in the rings as
indicated in Fig. 5 metal studs being fixed in the moulds in the required places to form
such holes. The rings would be threaded upon the shaft so that the bolt holes would
be in line and long bolts would be passed through all the rings and through the
metal end rings d and be tightened up whilst the material b would be under pressure.
In some cases I may employ a metal shell made of sheet or plate steel or metal in
place of the wood shell. In such a case the interior of the cylindrical metal shell
would be larger than the diameter of the shaft so as to leave an annular space in order
to lighten the bowl or roller.
F
C
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said-Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1 claim is :—
1. The bowls or rollers composed of the materials combined and put together
tenkstinitially ne and fauthondinkinsted

page_text: 2. The improved manufacture of bowls or rollers consisting in compressing
filamentous or fibrous material of the indicated nature into rings threading such rings
upon a wooden shell which encloses the central shaft between the collars upon the
same compressing these rings and securing by ordinary or suitable metal end rings
substantially as set forth and indicated.
3. The bowl or roller made by threading and compacting rings of compressed
material upon a metal shell which surrounds the part a of the shaft and is larger than
such part so as to leave a space between the shell and the shaft substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
4. In a bowl or roller the combination of the materials b and c with the shaft a
which is smaller in diameter than the end collars a¹ substantially as set forth
and indicated.
Dated this and CAL 1800
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.