Improvements in Circular Looms specially suitable for Weaving Ladies' Straw Hats and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 24th July, 1897-Accepted, 23rd Oct., 1897
Improvements in Circular Looms specially suitable for Weaving
Ladies' Straw Hats and the like.
I, JAMES JOHNSTONE HAYE, of George Street, Luton, Bedfordshire, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to a new circular motion weaving machine, specially
suitable for weaving ladies' straw hats and the like.
According to my Invention I use a circular disc plate set horizontally and of
conoidal or tapering shape downwards from the centre and with slightly raised outer
rin. This disc plate would he carried by angled radial arms projecting from its
under surface to a hollow vertical shaft, carried preferably in the hollow eye of a
bracket projecting from a fixed standard of the machine. The lower end of hollow
spindle would form part of or he connected to a vertical drum, which may receive a
circular inotion by belt and pulley, wheel, screw, worm, or other gear from any adjacent
prime moving shaft. A hollow chamber or frame would be suspended to rotate the
drum and within it would be mounted a series of projecting arms to carry hobbins
according to the number of warp threads to be used. These warp straw or other threads
would pass from the bobbins up through the hollow spindle and be guided each
through one of a series of circular rows of holes at short distances apart in the tapering
disc, and the end of each of these warp threads would be secured preferably by
insertion in a clip hook with connecting spiral spring to a separate pin which I term a
"heddle pin" and which would preferably be fitted with a blade spring to lie in a slit
on the upper half of its length, to hold it in position when inserted into a hole in the
upper ring disc to be described.
Two parallel rows of holes would be formed at the outer edge of disc plate
adjacent to its raised rim, in which would be inserted moveable pegs with heads,
projecting downwards.
A ring disc would be mounted above the conoidal disc, and would be formed with
two parallel rows of holes with similar moveable pegs with their heads projecting
upwards and directly over those of the lower disc, and these two discs would be
actuated by spur gear and rack teeth on their adjacent rim surfaces or equivalent gear,
and this spur gear may receive motion from any prime mover instead of the vertical
drum to actuate the mechanism. The top disc would be carried by upwardly curved
arms and a central boss to rotate loosely on a spindle carried by an overhead arm or
bracket fiom standard of machine, and this spindle would be set at a slight angle or
inclination, so that the top dise would have a slightly tilted motion when carried
circularly round by the lower disc.
The heddle pins carrying the ends of the warp threads would be inserted vertically
in the holes at edge surfaces of conoidal disc plate and ring disc, and the weft thread
would be led from a bobbin and tension regulator close to the machine by a hollow
radial pointer or guide to the centre of conoidal disc plate.
As the machine is rotated by the motive power the pegs in the outer circle of holes
in the one dise and those of the inner circle of the other disc are at each revolution

page_text: alternately acted on by cams, those from say the inner row of the upper disc being
pushed down, and those from the row not opposite say the outer row on the lower
disc being pushed up, so as to shift the heddle pins from the holes in the one disc
into the rows of holes opposite them in the opposite disc alternatively at each
revolution of the discs and so produce the weaving action. This shifting of the pegs
is effectively accomplished by the following arrangement of mechanisin Two spindles
project through bearings in a bracket, the one over the edge of the top ring disc and
the other under the edge of the lower covoidal disc, and two radial kneed arms are
formed or fitted on the inner ends of these spindles to work in duplex or V shaped
slots formed in two parallel vertical cam plates having preferably V shaped outer
surfaces the slots in the one plate being formed in the opposite direction to that in
its neighbour. These two sets of duplex cam plates are actuated so that only one of
each set comes into action alternately, say the inner one over the top dise and the
outer one under the lower disc, and is held firmly in the outer positions by the outer
surface of kneed arms on spindle, as well as shifted from the one to the other position
by these arins working in the slots. This is effected by connecting together crank
arms on each of the spindles by a link, and this link is jointed to a connecting rod
having its other end jointed to the end of a lever fulcruined on a stud spindle. A
two headed oscillating cam wiper or tumbling lever is mounted loosely on a horizontal
stud spindle carried on a bracket on the rotating drum of machine, and is so arranged
that at each revolution it acts on the free end of aforesaid lever alternatively with
opposite ends in the one revolution to push lever up and in the next revolution push
it down and so through the connecting links and gear simultaneously bring the cam
of the one spindle into action against the pegs of the inner row of holes of the one
disc and the cam of the other spindle into action against the pegs of the outer row of
holes of the opposite disc. This two headed cam would preferably be formed of
recessed or concave shape on opposite sides of its centre hole and of a tapered V shape
towards its ends or heads, and be fitted with a stop pin to control its oscillatory
movements, while a helical spring may be mounted in a hole within it to bear up
against flats formed on stud spindle on which it is mounted.
If a twilling effect is desired instead of a plain weave the top dise would be shifted
round a pre determined additional distance, according to the twill desired at each
revolution of the machine, and this shifting motion may be given by lever action on
spindle of top disc.
In forming "peaks," or like weaves, the machine instead of having a complete
circular motion would have a graduated oscillatory motion, from suitable reversing
gear, and the formation of cams permits of this movement.
Dated the 24th day of October 1896.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
Improvements in Circular Looms specially suitable for Weaving
Ladies' Straw Hats and the like.
I, JAMES JOHNSTONE HAYE, of George Street, Luton, Bedfordshire, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention has reference to a new circular motion weaving machinery, specially
suitable for weaving ladies' straw hats and the like.

page_text: Aud in order that ny said invention and the manner of carrying same into practice
may he properly understood, I have hereunto appended a sheet of explanatory
drawings in which the same reference letters are used to indicate corresponding parts
in the several figures where shown. Figure 1 is an elevation in perspective of my
circular motion weaving machine, Figure 2 is a diagrammatic sectional elevation of
same. Figure 3 is a detached sectional elevation of the lower and upper disc plates
and pins, and Figure 4 detached views of one of the heddle pins. Figure 5 represents
a detached elevation and plan view of the radial guide for warp thread, while
Figure 6 is a detached view of one of the can plates and kneed arms, it being
unnecessary to show the other cam plate as it is formed of similar but converse shape
as indicaced in dotted lines. Referring to these drawings:-
According to my invention I use a circular dise plate A set horizontally and of
conoidal or tapering shape downwards from the centre and with slightly raised outer
rim A. This disc plate A would be carried by angled radial arms A projecting from
its under surface to a screwed nut A3 and hollow vertical shaft A carried preferably
in the hollow eye of a bracket A5 projecting from a fixed standard X of the machine.
The lower end of hollow shaft A would form part of or be connected to a vertical
drum C, which would receive a circular motion by belt and pulley, wheel, screw,
worm, or other gear from any adjacent prime moving shaft. A hollow chamber or
frune C would be suspended to rotate with drum C and within it would be mounted
a series of projecting arins C to carry bobbins according to the number of warp
threads to be used. Those warp threads z would pass from the bobbins up through
the hollow spindle A' and be guided each through one of a series of circular rows of
holes a at short distances apart in the tapering disc A and the end of each of these
warp threads would be secured preferably by being inserted in a clip hook e con-
nected by a spiral spring c¹ to a separate pin c² which I term a "heddle pin" and
which would preferably be fitted with a blade spring 3 to lie in a slit c' on the upper
half of its length to hold in position when inserted into a hole in the upper ring
disc B to be described. Two parallel rows of holes a¹ a would be formed at the
outer edge of dise plate A adjacent to its mised rim A' in which would be inserted
moveable pegs as a with raised heads.
A ring disc B would be mounted above the conoidal disc A and would be formed
with two parallel rows of holes b' with similar moveable pegs b b directly over
those of the lower disc A and these two discs A B would be actuated by spur
gear D' D on a rotated shaft D and rack teeth as 66 on their adjacent rim surfaces,
or by equivalent gear. The top disc B would be carried by upwardly curved arms Bi
and a central boss B2 to rotate loosely on a spindle B³ carried by an overhead arm or
bracket X from standard X of machine, and this spindle B' would be set at a slight
angle or inclination, so that the top disc B would have a slightly tilted motion when
carried circularly round by the lower disc A.
The heddle pins e carrying the ends of the warp threads would be inserted
vertically in the holes al a at edge surfaces of conoidal dise plate A and ' ' in upper
ring disc B and the weft thread z¹ would be led from a bobbin E and tension
regulator E close to the machine by a hollow radial pointer or guide E' to the centre
of conoidal dise plate A.
As the machine is rotated by the motive power the pegs in the outer circle of holes
in the one disc and those of the inner circle of the other disc are at each revolution
alternately acted on by cams, those from say the inner row 62 of the upper disc B
being pushed down, and those from the row not opposite say the outer row a' on the
lower disc A being pushed up, so as to shift the heddle pins c from the holes in the
one dise into the rows of holes opposite them in the opposite disc alternatively at
each revolution of the discs and so produce the weaving action. This shifting of the
pegs is effectively accomplished by the following armngement of mechanism. Two
spindles FF project through bearings in a bracket F, the one F over the edge of
the top ring disc B and the other F¹ under the edge of the lower conoidal disc A and
two radial kneed arms f as shown in Figure 6 are formed or fitted on the inner ends
of each of these spindles F F' to work in duplex or V shaped slots formed in two

page_text: parallel vertical cam plates f2 having preferably V shaped outer surfaces the slots
in the one plate being formed in the opposite direction to that in its neighbour.
These two sets of duplex cam plates are actuated so that only one of each set
comes into action alternately, say the inner one over the top disc B and the outer
one under the lower disc A and is held firmly in the outer positions by the outer
surface of kneed arms f on spindle, as well as shifted from the one to the other
position by these arms working in the slots f. This is effected by connecting
together crank arms g on each of the spinales F F by a link g' and this link g is
jointed to a connecting rod g2 having its other end jointed to the end of a lever g3
fulcrumed on a stud spindle g'. A two headed oscillating can wiper or tumbling
lever G is mounted loosely on a horizontal stud spindle G¹ carried on a bracket Gon
the rotating druin C of machine, and is so arranged that at each revolution it acts
on the free end of aforesaid lever galternatively with opposite ends in the one
revolution to push lever g' up and in the next revolution, to push it down and so
through the connecting links and gear simultaneously bring the cam of the one
spindle For F into action. against the pegs of the inner row of holes of the one disc
and the cam of the other spindle into action against the pegs of the outer row of
holes of the opposite disc. This two headed cam G would preferably be formed
of recessed or concave shape on opposite sides of its centre hole and of a tapered
V shape towards its ends or heads as shown in Figure 1 and may be fitted with a
stop pin to control its oscillatory movements, while a helical spring may be mounted
in a hole within it to bear up against flats formed on stud spindle on which it is
mounted.
If a twilling effect is desired instead of a plain weave, the top disc B would be
shifted round a pre-determined additional distance, according to the twill desired at
each revolution of the machine, and this shifting motion may be given by a lever B
acting on spindle B3 of top disc B.
In forming "peaks", or like weaves, the machine instead of having a complete
circular motion would have a graduated oscillatory motion, from suitable reversing
gear, and the formation of cams permits of this movement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. A circular motion weaving machine constructed and operated substantially
as herein described in reference to and by way of application shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Second. In a circular motion weaving machine, the arrangement and use of upper
and lower disc plates or rings in combination with a rotating drum carrying the warp
spools substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Third. In a circular motion weaving machine, the construction and arrangement
of heddle pins in combination with moveable pegs fitted in the upper and lower disc
plates, substantially as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In a circular motion weaving machine the construction and arrangement
of cam plates in combination with radial kneed arms, and actuating mechanism,
substantially as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in
the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 23rd day of July 1807
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.