Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 19th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks,
I WILLIAM GEORGE CAUSER of Handsworth near Birmingham Hydraulic &
General Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this said invention to be as
follows:-
My improvements relate to hydraulic lifting jacks generally the object being to
devise a jack capable of raising a weight from the head or foot, with a com-
paratively long run out & yet keeping the overall length of the jack shorter than
usual for a similar length of lift under the conditions named above.
Also for an
arrangement of pump in connection with same whereby the valves may be taken
out for examination without removing the pump.
In carrying out my invention the cylinder of the jack is provided with suitable
head & foot for lifting & I prefer to make the cylinder & cistern in one piece & to
connect the pump so that the delivery outlet communicates with the end of the
cistern & from thence by a suitable passage or port way, with the hydraulic cup
leather or packing on the top of the ram, so that when water under pressure from
the pump is forced into the space between the head of the ram & the end of the
cylinder, the cylinder is raised on the ram & any load that may be resting on the
head o: foot thereof is raised also.
M 1941 1001
WILLIAM GEORGE CAUSER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks.
I WILLIAM GEORGE CAUSER of Handsworth near Birmingham in the County
of Staffordshire, Hydraulic and General Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic jacks generally; & more
particularly to those designed for raising a weight both from the foot & head.
The object of my invention is to devise a jack capable of raising a weight
applied either at the head or foot & having a comparatively long run out whilst
keeping the overall length of the jack shorter than usual for a similar length of
lift or runout under the before mentioned conditions of raising the weight.
Also for an arrangement of pump for use in connection therewith, whereby the
valves of the said pump may be taken out for examination without removing the
body of the pump from the jack.
In carrying out my invention the jack is provided with suitable head and foot
for lifting; this provision is by preference an integral part of the cylinder, but it
may be a part of the cistern, or of the cistern and cylinder combined as more
particularly illustrated and described in course of this Specification.
For convenience I sometimes make the jack cylinder & cistern of two or more
separate pieces suitably connected. But I prefer where practicable to make the
cylinder and cistern in one piece & so connect the pump that its delivery outlet
communicates with the end of the cistern and from thence, by a suitable passage
or portway, with the space between the ram packing and the end of the lifting
cylinder so that, when water under pressure is forced into the said space the
cylinder is raised upon the ram of the jack and carries with it the applied load.

page_text: The pump for producing the pressure may be attached directly to the cistern or
cylinder of the jack, and the whole coupled up to form one compact machine, or
the pump may be worked at a distance from the jack cylinder and pressure
communicated from one to the other by means of a pipe connection.
Figures 1 to 8 of the accompanying drawings show various arrangements for
carrying out my improvements.
Figures 1, 2 & 3 respectively show a vertical section on line X Y. End
elevation, and plan of a hydraulic lifting and traversing jack having the cylinder
and cistern in one piece and fitted with my improved pump.
A is the jack cylinder. A & A are respectively the head and foot of same
as employed for lifting the load. B is the jack ram, C the ram packing, D is a
portway or passage connecting the delivery chamber E with the interior of the
jack cylinder A. F. & G are similar passages connecting the delivery chamber E
with the cistern H. I is a stop valve by which the passage F may be opened or
closed. Jis a stopper giving access to the delivery valve K. L is the cistern
cover and guide for the pump plunger M. N is the body of the pump.
O is the
suction valve of the pump. P is the suction pipe. R is a short lever fixed on
the spindle S and working into a slot in the pump plunger M; the spindle S being
actuated by the hand lever T outside the jack cistern.
The method of working is as follows:-The jack, having been charged with
water or other suitable fluid, is brought into position under the weight to be raised.
The said weight resting on same either at A' or A². The valve I is closed and
the operator works the hand lever T in the usual manner, up and down, transmitting
through the spindle S and the short lever R a corresponding motion to the pump
plunger M, whereby the body of the pump in which the plunger works is alternately
filled with fluid through the valve O, and emptied through the valve K into the
delivery chamber E from whence the fluid under pressure is transmitted through
the passage D' into the space between the ram B and the end of the cylinder A
so raising the cylinder & with it the superincumbent load.
When the load has been raised to a sufficient height, and it is desired to lower
the jack cylinder the stop valve I is opened establishing direct communication
between the cylinder A and the cistern H, and the fluid used in raising the load is
thereby returned to the cistern for further use.
Another arrangement is shewn at Figure 4 in which the cylinder A. and cistern H
are distinct pieces suitably connected and provided with a ram B; a pump N,
passages D, F, G and valves I, K, O as clearly indicated by the illustration;
comprising a hydraulic jack designed to effect the purpose specified.
Figure 5 shows a somewhat similar arrangement of jack in which the cistern
is attached to the cylinder near its lower extremity. In this arrangement the
portway or passage connecting the delivery chamber with the interior of the jack
cylinder may consist of a tube as shown in Figure 5 or of a portway cast or
drilled in the body of the cylinder itself as illustrated by the section Figure 5A.
Figure 6 is another arrangement in which the cistern instead of being attached
to the cylinder as in Figures 4 and 5 is attached to the ram, & the portway, or
passage for conveying the pressure water from the pump to the interior of the
cistern, is made through the body of the ram. In the illustration the cistern is
arranged horizontally, but it may be fixed vertically or at any convenient angle.
In types illustrated by Figures 4, 5 5 & 6 I prefer to use a pump of the
construction usually applied to hydraulic jacks.
In another arrangement shewn in Figures 7 and 8 the pump (which may be of
my improved type or otherwise) is made to force water from a cistern or other
supply to the detached cylinder and ram situated at some convenient distance away
from the source of supply through a tubular connection one end of which is
attached to the delivery outlet from the pump, and the other connected in a suitable
manner to the cylinder as at W or to the ran as at W, in the former a connection
is made with the interior of the cylinder as shewn in Figure 1, and in the latter
through the ram as shewn in Figure 6.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
ion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The construction of a hydraulic jack substantially as herein described
& illustrated & for the purpose specified i.e. lifting from head & foot & giving a
greater range of lift in comparison with the original overall height than has
hitherto been found practicable with this class of jack.
Second. An improved form of pump substantially as illustrated in Figure 1. &
having valves & fittings connected therewith so arranged as to admit of their
removal for examination without disturbing the body of the pump.
Third. The construction in one piece of a hydraulic jack cylinder & cistern with
provision thereon for lifting from the head and foot substantially as illustrated &
described by Figures 1, 2, & 3.
Fourth. The construction in one piece of a hydraulic jack cylinder with provision
thereon for lifting from head & foot substantially as illustrated & described by
Figures 4, 5, 5ª, 6 and 7.
Fifth. The construction of a hydraulic jack cistern with provision thereon for
lifting from the head and foot substantially as illustrated by Figure 3A.
Sixth. The construction and arrangement of a hydraulic jack substantially as
described & illustrated by Figures 1. 2. 3.
Seventh. The construction & arrangement of a hydraulic jack substantially as
described & illustrated by Figure 4.
Eighth. The construction and arrangement of a hydraulic jack substantially as
described & illustrated by Figures 5 & 5^.
Ninth. The construction and arrangement of a hydraulic jack substantially as
described & illustrated by Figure 6.
Tenth. The construction and arrangement of a hydraulic jack substantially as
described & illustrated by Figures 7 & 8.
Dated this Eleventh day of February 1892.
WILLIAM GEORGE CAUSER.