IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SPINNING SPINDLES AND THEIR BEARINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark of the firm of A. M and
-
W Clark of 53 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
CONNECTED WITH SPINNING SPINDLES AND THEIR BEARINGS communicated to
him from abroad by Albert Read Sherman, of Pawtucket, Providence County,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1883.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M. and W. Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents,
"IMPROVEMENTS, IN AND CONNECTED WITH SPINNING SPINDLES AND THEIR
BEARINGS [communicated to me from abroad by Albert Read Sherman, of
Pawtucket, Providence County, State of Rhode Island, United States of America,
Machinist]
"
The object of this Invention is to provide an improved construction and arrange-
ment of the spindle, bolster step, bolster case, locking device for the bolster and
whirl in a spinning spindle which will enable the spindle when in action to find its
own centre when unequally loaded; and which will ensure easy running with the
least possible noise and highest speed and facilitate oiling.
According to the first part of the Invention the bolster forms a direct bearing for
and carries the spindle with its attached sleeve and whirl and is suspended in the
bolster case which has a seat that rests upon the top of the rail and a closed bottom
or socket portion that projects downwardly through the rail and forms the oil
reservoir. The exterior of the socket portion is screwthreaded and a nut clamps
the bolster case firmly to the rail. The upper end of the bolster case has an
annular groove, the inner wall of which groove is lower than the outer one. This
groove serves to catch any oil that may rise from centrifugal action, and its inner
wall being of less height than its outer one, it also facilitates pouring the oil into
the case. A hook rises from the seat of the bolster and extends over the top of the
whirl to prevent the spindle from being pulled out by its frictional contact with

page_text: the bobbin when the latter is removed. The bolster forms the direct bearing for
rotary contact with the spindle, and is constructed in the form of a hollow socket
with a flange or lip at its upper end which rests upon the inner wall of the top
portion of the bolster case, and by which flange the said bolster is suspended. The
external portion of the bolster from the flange to a point below the whirl is a true
cylinder, while from this point to its lower end it preferably tapers to a smaller
diameter. The bolster has also at its top a lug that drops into a notch in the top
of the bolster case and positively restrains the bolster from turning in its case.
fitting the bolster to the bolster case, the external diameter of the cylindrical
made
portion of the bolster between the flange and the point above mentioned,
somewhat smaller than the corresponding inner periphery of the bolster case, so
that the bolster fits loosely in the bolster case and is capable of slight parallel or
When this bolster case
lateral movement throughout its entire length as a whole.
In
is filled with oil, a film of oil is distributed between the bolster and its case that
acts as a cushion to this slight lateral movement of the bolster throughout the
whole length of the same and effectually prevents the vibratory contact and noise
occasioned by the parts and permits the spindle to find its own centre and be run
at a much higher rate of speed. The cylindrical loose fitting surface of the bolster
with the oil cushion extends a sufficient distance upon both sides of the whirl to
allow for slight variations in the latter, and still prevents the pull of the band from
disturbing the proper axial position of the spindle, which latter runs with a' true;
free, and easy movement.
The lower end of the bolster is provided with a hole which permits the oil to
pass through and lubricate the spindle. This end of the bolster which is preferably
tapered from the point above mentioned to a smaller diameter at its bottom, has a
larger annular oil space between it and the bolster case than the space, above, and
this not only acts as a cushion and assists in taking up the same movement as the
oil space above the point above mentioned, but this increased oil space at the lower
end allows the end of the bolster and spindle to vibrate about the suspending lip
and co-operates with the lateral play of the bolster as a whole and permitting the
spindle to find its own centre when the centre of gravity, or rather the running
centre, is changed by irregularity in bobbin. A spiral groove is formed upon the
inner periphery of the bolster which serves to effect a better distribution of the oil
throughout the bearing surface of the spindle.
.
In a modification, the bolster which is of any suitable metal has a cylindrical
elongated rigid collar which is free to rest upon an annular shoulder in the bolster
case. This collar occupies a central position in the plane of the whirl of the spindle,
and may be of such length as to extend above the top level and below the bottom
level of the whirl, thus centralising its position relatively to the lateral strain or
pull of the band on the whirl. Said collar has, in accordance with the principle
before described, a. free lateral movement within a correspondingly cylindrical
portion of the bolster case, whereby an oil cushion is formed between the bolster
and its case. The lower end of the bolster forms a step for the spindle and has
holes near the lower end. These holes in connection with a grooved passage way.
which extends above and below the collar, allow oil to flow freely from the oil
space which is under and around the; lower end of the bolster, and permit oil
supplied to the upper open end of the bolster to find its way into the oil space or
chamber. The oil in this chamber forms also a cushion to resist in some measure
any vibration of the bolster. A pin projects laterally from the exterior of the
elongated collar and is fitted to follow within a longitudinal groove in the upper
part of the case for the purpose of positively restraining the bolster from turning.
The interior of the upper part of the bolster case is of somewhat larger diameter
than the interior of the lower portion or oil chamber thereof, but it is only a trifle
larger than the diameter of the elongated cylindrical collar of the bolster whereby
a thin film of oil may find its way between said collar and the case, and whereby
the shoulder or annular bearing on which the collar rests to support the bolster, is
formed.

page_text: The oil chamber around the bolster below the collar is formed by the difference
between the exterior 'diameter of such portion of the bolster and the reduced
exterior diameter of the lower portion of the case, while the bolster during any
lateral vibration is prevented from touching but cushions on the oil in said
chamber, as hereinbefore referred to. The oil chamber in the case is extended
below the lower end of the bolster, thereby preventing drag on the bolster,
also forming a receiving space for sediment produced by wear of the bearing
parts.
-
The 'herein before described disposition of the bolster in the case, and of its
elongated cylindrical collar relatively to the whirl, will cause the thin film of oil
interposed between said collar and the case to act as a preventative of vibratory
jar by effectually cushioning said parts. This effect is in addition to, or in com-
tinuation of; the cushioning effect of the oil in the chamber which oil, while it
forms a yielding surface, also checks any sudden vibratory movement of the
bolster which oscillates in common with the spindle.
In the preceding forms of the Invention, means have been described for reducing,
the friction, noise, and power required for driving the spindle, by suspending the
spinning spindle bolster in the bolster case by a flange or shoulder so as to have a
free lateral motion, said bolster having a plain cylindrical surface in the plane of
the whirl loosely fitted in the bolster case, so that a cushion of oil existed between.
the bolster and bolster case.
The main object of the form of the Invention about to be described is to secure.
or make available these same advantages in such forms of spindle bolsters already
in use which do not have a flange in their cases, and to this end I combine with
the bolster and bolster case a ball or a detachable stiff vertical supporting pin
having free lateral movement, which pin is stepped at its lower end in the bottom
of the bolster case, and upon which pin or ball at its upper end the bolster is stepped
and supported, but has a free lateral movement, while the oil cushion between its
bolster case and its bolster is preserved in the plane of the whirl as in the,
construction heretofore described.
This part of the Invention also includes means for locking the bolster and its
case together to prevent the former from turning, and in means for facilitating.the_
lubrication of the parts. This pin which supports the bolster is free to move side-
ways at its upper end and also has considerable length which allows its load to be
readily moved as the oscillations of the bolster require. Inside the bolster is
arranged the spindle having the usual whirl, and in the plane of the whirl
the bolster has a loose cylindrical fitting to form an oil cushion as described
previously.
'
To prevent the bolster from turning in the bolster case, a metal cap is forced
within the upper end of the bolster case with a frictional contact down to a
shoulder formed upon the metal cap. Upon one side of this cap there are two slits,
made, and the metal between the two slits is forced in to form a key or steady pin.,
This fits within a somewhat larger slot cut out of the upper end of the bolster,
and by this means I very readily keep the bolster from turning.
The lower portion of the bolster case is formed in the nature of an exteriorly.
threaded socket for connection with the rail by a nut as usual, and above it is a
chambered space about the central stem to form an oil reservoir. At the bottom.
of the reservoir there is a hole drilled diagonally through the bolster case to the
interior space to permit the oil to fill the interior, space for the purpose of lubri-
cating the spindle and cushioning the bolster. The reservoir is provided with a
metal cover that is loosely fitted within a recess at the upper end of the oil space,
and this metal cover is made with an inside diameter at its upper end that is larger
than the upright stem of the bolster case which it. surrounds. By having this
open space, it permits any oil that may overflow from the top of the bolster to.
return again to the oil reservoir. The cover has one or more holes through its
lower surface.near its outer diameter whereby the spindle may be supplied with
oil when running.

page_text: If a ball is used in lieu of the pin, the same would rest upon a flat surface in
the bottom of the bolster case so as to have a free lateral motion, the said ball
sustaining on its upper side the bolster just as the pin does.
The fourth part of the Invention relates to certain further improvements.úpon
that general form of spindle and bearing heretofore described in which the bolster
is arranged in the bolster case with a loose peripheral fitting forming an oil cushion.
For sustaining the bolster, it rests upon its own bottom within the case, said
bottom end being rounded off and resting upon a hardened button or washer placed
loosely in the bottom of the case. Upon this button the bolster tilts slightly to
accommodate the slight lateral movement of the bolster in the plane of the whirl.
This button may however be dispensed with by making the bottom of the cavity
in the bolster case flat.
To prevent the bolster from turning in its case, a metal cap is provided which
has a hole in the centre to allow the spindle to pass through while its flange is
made to fit snugly around the exterior of the top of the bolster case.
On the side
of this flange is made an indentation which forms a projection on the inside which
serves as a locking key. There is a slot in the top of the bolster case large enough
to allow this projection to pass through and engage with a notch or recess in the
upper end of the bolster. It will therefore be seen that when the cap is snugly
fitted on the exterior of the upper end of the bolster case, its projection extending
through the slot of the bolster case and into the recess or notch of the bolster
rigidly locks these two together, thereby preventing the bolster from turning.
This metal cap besides making a positive lock for the bolster, also acts as a re-
enforcing ring to strengthen the top of the bolster case (which in spinning spindles
must necessarily be of light construction) and prevents the bolster case from being
broken or split at the top by any wrenching strain that may be brought upon it
when doffing the frame.
I will now describe the devices for facilitating the oiling of the spindle, saving
oil and excluding dust. The whirl is made with a downwardly projecting skirt
or extension that projects into a removable tubular shell supported on lugs at the
top of the oil reservoir. The object of this is to prevent any oil that may flow
over the top of the bolster case or tube from being lost. Some spindles when they
have a very unbalanced load upon them, cause the oil to shoot upward in very
small particles, and it strikes against the interior surface of the whirl sleeve. Now
the diameter of the same being greater at the bottom, causes the oil by centrifugal
action to be thrown off at its lowest point on account of its largest diameter.
Without any outside shell, the oil is thrown off upon the frame or the floor, but by
means of the shell which I employ, the oil is caught and drops into the reservoir
whence it returns to the lubricated surfaces again. The flange on the whirl does
not extend down into the oil reservoir and does not cause a rotation of the oil in
the reservoir, and the shell is the supplemental device which avoids the necessity
of extending the whirl flange down into the oil reservoir, and this shell in con-
junction with a washer cover secures this additional advantage that while the oil
thrown off by the whirl flange is prevented from being thrown off and lost, there
is no extension of the whirl flange into the oil reservoir such as would cause the oil
therein to rotate or swash, or interfere with the admission of oil to the reservoir,
for the nozzle of the oil can can be made to lightly raise the cover, and the oil
passes down between the lugs of the shell into the reservoir.
The flange on the whirl may be formed by grooving the underside of the whirl,
and I may make the sleeve and cover of the reservoir in one piece and the sleeve
need not be supported upon the top of the oil reservoir but by a projection on the
bolster case, or by legs extending to the bottom of the reservoir.
The fifth feature of the Invention consists in the construction of the whirl to
adapt it to a spindle such as is herein described as free to vibrate laterally and
find its own centre. Where the band passes only half way around the whirl or
bears against the semi-circumference only, the band has to be under considerable
tension to make sufficient frictional contact to turn the whirl positively without

page_text: slipping and when the band is thus tense it interferes with the free lateral move-
ment of the spindle. I find it desirable to increase the frictional contact of the
band with the whirl by wrapping it once and a half around and thus am enabled
to run the whirl with a band that is less tense, and which permits the lateral
adjustment of the spindle and bolster to take place more sensitively. When the
band is thus wrapped once and a half times around the whirl; I make the latter'
with two cone surfaces between the flanges, which cone surfaces converge toward
the middle of the whirl with straight faces to form a central angle having exactly
symmetrical inclinations on each side. This form of whirl faces I find takes and
pays off the band without any pinching or binding of the band, and as the whirl is
exactly symmetrical on each side of the middle, this form of whirl is equally well.
adapted for either right or left hand rotation on either side of the driving roll or.
cylinder.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th November 1883.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M and W. Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SPINNING SPINDLES AND THEIR
BEARINGS A communication to me from abroad by Albert Read Sherman, of
Pawtucket, Providence County, State of Rhode Island, United States of America,
Machinist
دو
The object of this Invention is to provide an improved construction and
arrangement of the spindle bolster, step bolster case, locking device for the bolster,
and whirl in a spinning spindle, which will enable the spindle when in action to
find its own centre when unequally loaded, and which will ensure easy running
with the least possible noise and highest speed, and facilitate oiling. To these ends
the invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the above named
parts as hereafter fully described and claimed In the drawings Figure 1 is a
vertical section of the bolster, bolster case, whirl, sleeve and rail, the spindle being
shown in side elevation and Figure 2 is a detail side view of the bolster detached.
In these Figures A represents the rail of the spinning-frame which carries the
spindles of the machine, B is the bolster case of one of the spindles in which is
suspended the bolster D that forms a direct bearing for and carries the spindle E
with attached sleeve G, and whirl F. The bolster case B has a seat that rests upon
the top of the rail and has a closed bottom or socket portion that projects
downwardly through the rail which forms the oil reservoir and upon the exterior
of which socket portion is formed a screw thread upon which turns a nut C, that
clamps the bolster case firmly to the rail. The upper end of the bolster case has
an annular groove c the inner wall of which groove is lower than the outer one.
This groove serves to catch any oil that may rise from centrifugal action and its
inner wall being of less height than its outer one it also acts somewhat after the
manner of a funnel to facilitate pouring, the oil into the case. From the seat of
the bolster there rises a hook d which extends over the top of the whirl and
prevents the spindle from being pulled out by its frictional contact with the bobbin
when the latter is removed.
'
The bolster D it will be seen forms the direct bearing for rotary contact with the
spindle. It is constructed in the form of a hollow socket with a flange or lip a at 3
its upper end which rests upon the inner wall of the top portion of the bolster case
and by which flange the said bolster is suspended.
The external portion of the bolster from the lip or flange a to the point g
(figure 2) below the whirl is a true cylinder while from point g to its lower end it
preferably tapers to a smaller diameter as shown. The bolster D has also at its
top a lug or tooth e that drops into a notch in the top of the bolster case and
positively restrains the bolster from turning in its case. Now in filling the bolster
to the bolster case the external diameter of the cylindrical portion of the bolster
between lip a and point g is made somewhat smaller than the corresponding inner
periphery of the bolster case so that the bolster fits loosely in the bolster case and 4
is capable of slight parallel or lateral movement throughout its entire length as a
whole. When this bolster case is filled with oil a film of oil is distributed between
the bolster and its case that acts as a cushion to this slight lateral movement of
the bolster throughout the whole length of the same and effectually prevents the
vibratory contact and noise occasioned by the parts and permits the spindle to find
its own centre, and be run at a much higher rate of speed.

page_text: I am aware of the fact that a fibrous lining has been placed between the bolster.
and the case but this rapidly wears away. I am also aware that the bolster has.
been suspended in the bolster case by a close fitting ball and socket joint located in
the plane of the whirl, and also by a square shoulder which joints had a loose.
fitting above and below which permitted the spindle to vibrate about the point of
support as a centre, but with this construction if there is any variation in the
length of the sleeve G the whirl might be above or below the close fitting joint and
the strain of the band passing around the whirl would tend to pull the spindle out
of its true axial position. Furthermore the ball and socket joint, or any equivalent
thereof which forms a centre of oscillation, involves a close fitting at that point
which would preclude the free lateral or parallel movement of the bolster in its
case throughout its entire length.
The essential features of this part of the invention therefore are the peripheral
loose fitting of the bolster in its case throughout the entire length of the bolster in
connection with the closed bottom of the case which together forms an oil cushion
between the bolster and its case throughout the entire length of the bolster, and in
connection with this the means for positively restraining the bolster from turning,
and also for supporting the bolster in its case consisting of a shoulder that may
either be located above the whirl as shown in the drawings or below the whirl as
shown in the second part of the invention to be described hereafter.
The cylindrical loose fitting surface of the bolster with oil cushion from a to.g it
will be seen extends a sufficient distance upon both sides of the whirl to allow for.
slight variations in the latter and still prevents the pull of the band from
disturbing the proper axial position of the spindle which latter runs with a true,.
free, easy and smooth movement.
The lower end of the bolster is provided with a hole b which permits the oil
to pass through and lubricate the spindle. This end of the bolster, which is
preferably tapered from the line of g to a smaller diameter at its bottom, has a
larger annular oil space between it and the bolster case than the space above
and this not only acts as a cushion and assists in taking up the same movement
as the oil space above line g, but this increased oil space at the lower end allows
the end of the bolster and spindle to vibrate about the suspending lip a and
co-operates with the lateral play of the bolster as a whole and permits the spindle.
to find its own centre when the centre of gravity or rather, the running centre is
changed by irregularity in the bobbin.
Upon the inner periphery of the bolster. I form a spiral groove f which serves to
effect a better distribution of the oil throughout the bearing surface of the spindle.
In regard to the feature of positively locking the bolster to the bolster case to
prevent the former from turning this I would observe that I do not claim this
broadly but only said feature when combined with the bolster case with a closed
bottom and the bolster having a loose peripheral fitting with an oil cushion, the
presence of the oil film on the exterior rendering it more liable to turn and hence
the greater necessity for a positive restraint.
I will now describe a second form of the invention with reference to figure 3
which is a vertical sectional view of a bolster-case, bolster and spindle, constructed
in accordance with the invention, and figure 4 which is an outside view or elevation
of the bolster.
In these figures A' represents the bolster which is of any suitable metal and has
a cylindrical elongated rigid collar b¹ which is free to rest upon an annular
shoulder c in the bolster case B¹. This collar 6 occupies a central position in the
plane of the whirl C¹ of the spindle D and may be of such length as to extend
above the top level and below the bottom level of the whirl, thus centralising its
position relatively to the lateral strain or pull of the band on the whirl. Said
collar has in accordance. with the principle before described a free lateral movement
within a correspondingly cylindrical portion of the bolster case, whereby an oil
cushion is formed as before described between the bolster and its ease. The lower
end of the bolster A' forms a step d' for the spindle and has holes a¹ near the lower

page_text: end. These holes in connection with a grooved passage way g¹ which extends
above and below the collar b¹ allow oil to flow freely from the oil space f¹ which is
under and around the lower end of the bolster and permit oil supplied to the upper
open end of the bolster to find its way into the space or chamber f¹. The oil in this
chamber forms also a cushion to resist in some measure any vibration of the
bolster.
Projecting laterally from the exterior of the elongated collar 6' is a pin h¹ which
is fitted to follow within a longitudinal groove in the upper part of the case B¹
for the purpose of positively restraining the bolster from turning. The interior of
the upper part of the bolster case B₁ is of somewhat larger diameter than the
interior of the lower portion or oil chamber f¹ thereof, but it is only a trifle larger
than the diameter of the elongated cylindrical collar b¹ of the bolster, whereby a
thin film of oil may find its way between said collar and the case, and whereby the
shoulder or annular bearing c¹ on which the collar b¹ rests to support the bolster is
formed.
The oil chamber f¹ around the bolster below the collar is formed by the difference
between the exterior diameter of such portion of the bolster and the reduced exterior.
diameter of the lower portion of the case, while the bolster during any lateral
vibration is prevented from touching but cushions on the oil in said chamber as
herein before referred to. The oil chamber f¹ in the case is extended below the
lower end of the bolster, thereby preventing drag on the bolster, also forming a
receiving space for sediment produced by wear of the bearing parts.
The herein before described disposition of the bolster in the case, and of its:
elongated cylindrical collar 6' relatively to the whirl C¹ will cause the thin film of
oil interposed between said collar and the case to act as a preventative of vibratory
jar by effectually cushioning said parts. This effect is in addition to or in
continuation of the cushioning effect of the oil in the chamber f' which oil while
it forms a yielding surface also checks any sudden vibratory movement of the
bolster, which oscillates in common with the spindle.
I will now describe a third form of the invention with reference to figure 5.
which is a sectional view of the spindle bearings and its case, Figure 6 which is a
side view of the bolster, Figure 7 which is an enlarged view in section of the
upper end of the bolster and its case showing the application of the cap to prevent
the bolster from turning, Figure 8 which is a detail side view of the cap, Figure 9
which is a plan view of the cover to the oil chamber in the bolster case and
Figure 10 which is a modified form of device for supporting the bolster.
!
1
In the preceding forms of the invention I have described a means for reducing,
the friction, noise, and power required for driving the spinning spindle for which
purpose the spinning spindle bolster was suspended in the bolster case by means
of a flange or shoulder so as to have a free lateral motion and said bolster had a
plain cylindrical surface in the plane of the whirl loosely fitted in the bolster case
so that a cushion of oil existed between the bolster and bolster case securing the
results before described.
The main object of the form about to be described is to secure or make available
these same advantages in such forms of spindle-bolsters already in use which do
not have a flange in their cases and to this end I combine with the bolster and
bolster case a ball or a detachable stiff vertical supporting pin having free lateral
movement which pin is stepped at its lower end in the bottom of the bolster case
and upon which pin or ball at its upper end the bolster is stepped and supported,:
but has a free lateral movement while the oil cushion between its bolster case and
its bolster is preserved in the plane of the whirl as in the construction heretofore
described.
This part of the invention also includes means for locking the bolster and its
case together to prevent the former from turning and means for facilitating the
lubrication of the parts as will be hereafter fully described.
In the drawing B³ represents the pin resting upon its end in the bottom of
bolster case C³ and forming a support for the loosely fitted bolster A³. This pin

page_text: is free to move sideways at its upper end and also has considerable length which
allows its load to be readily moved as the oscillations of the bolster requires.
Inside the bolster is arranged the spindle S having the usual whirl and in the
plane of the whirl the bolster has a loose cylindrical fitting to form an oil cushion
as described previously.
To prevent the bolster from turning in the bolster case, I use a metal cap Da
that is forced within the upper end of the bolster-case with a frictional contact
down to a shoulder formed upon the metal cap. Upon one side of this metal
cap D³ there are two slits made and the metal between the two slits is forced in
to form a key or steady pin 62 (see Figures 7 and 8). This fits within a somewhat
larger slot a that is cut out of the upper end of "bolster A³ (see Figures 6 and 8)
and by this means I very readily keep the bolster from turning.
The lower portion of the bolster-case is formed in the nature of an exteriorly
threaded socket for connection with the rail by a nut as usual and above it is a
chambered space about the central stem marked E2 to form a reservoir to hold oil
for lubricating. From the bottom of the reservoir there is a hole Fª drilled
diagonally through the bolster case to the interior space to permit the oil to fill
the interior space for the purpose of lubricating the spindle and cushioning the
bolster. G is a metal cover loosely fitted within a recess at the upper end of oil
space E' and made with an inside diameter at its upper end that is larger than the
upright stem of the bolster case which it surrounds. By having this open space it
permits any oil that may overflow from the top of the bolster to return again to
the oil reservoir. This disc cover G2 has one or more holes through its lower
surface near its outer diameter whereby the spindle may be supplied with oil when
it is running which is a great advantage.
In defining this part of the invention with greater clearness I would state that
I am aware that a bolster has been sustained inside the bolster case upon a
springing or elastic stem which was rigidly attached to the bolster and I do not
claim this but only a stiff or inflexible laterally tilting pin or shaft having a loose
frictional abutment against the bolster in this connection, or in the place thereof a
ball B₁ (Figure 10) which takes the place of the pin and rests upon a flat surface
in the bottom of the bolster case, so as to have a free lateral motion, the said ball
sustaining on its upper side the bolster just as the pin does.
The fourth part of the invention relates to certain further improvements upon
that general form of spindle and bearing heretofore described in which the bolster
is arranged in the bolster case with a loose peripheral fitting forming an oil
cushion..
These improvements are shown in Figures 11 to 17 in which Figure 11 is a
vertical section through the sleeve whirl and the spindle bearings. Figure 12 is a
detail side view of the bolster. Figure 13 is a fractional view of the upper end
of the bolster case. Figure 14 is a plan and Figure 15 a side view of the
re-enforcing and locking cap Figure 16 is a plan view of the shell D' and
Figure 17 is a plan of the ring or cover E³.
In these figures F³ is the spindle, G³ the sleeve H³ the whirl, B³ the bolster
and A³ the bolster-case. The bolster is fitted loosely in the bolster case around its
periphery so as to have a slight lateral movement and which annular space
between the bolster and the bolster case forms in connection with the closed
bottom of the case an oil cushion for the bolster that prevents the jarring noise
and allows the spindle to find its own centre when unequally loaded and permits
of an increased speed of the spindle as already described. For sustaining the
bolster it rests upon its own bottom within the case said bottom end being
rounded off and resting upon a hardened button or washer a³ placed loosely in the
bottom of the case. Upon this button the bolster tilts slightly to accomodate the
slight lateral movement of the bolster in the plane of the whirl. This button
may however be dispensed with by making the bottom of the cavity in the bolster
case flat.
To prevent the bolster from turning in its case a metal cap C³ is provided which

page_text: .
has a hole in the centre to allow the spindle to pass through while its flange is
made to fit snugly around the exterior of the top of the bolster case. On the side
of this flange is made an indentation which forms a projection 63 on the inside
which serves as a locking key. In the top of the bolster case there is a slot c³
large enough to allow this projection 63 to pass through and engage with a notch
or recess d³ in the upper end of the bolster. It will therefore be seen that when
the cap is snugly fitted on the exterior of the upper end of the bolster-case its
projection 63 extending through the slot of the bolster case and into the recess
or notch d³ of the bolster rigidly locks these two together thereby preventing the
bolster from turning. This metal cap besides, making a positive lock for the
bolster also acts as a re-enforcing ring to strengthen the top of the bolster case
(which in spinning spindles must necessarily be of light construction) and prevents
the bolster case from being broken or split at the top by any wrenching strain
that may be brought upon it when doffing the frame.
I will now describe the devices for facilitating the oiling of the spindle, saving
oil and excluding dust. It will be seen that the whirl is made with a downwardly
projecting skirt or extension that projects into a removable tubular shell Da
supported at the top of the oil reservoir upon lugs e³. The object of this is to
prevent any oil that may flow over the top of the bolster case or tube from being
lost. Some spindles when they have a very unbalanced load upon them cause the
oil to shoot upwards in very small particles and it strikes against the interior
surface of the whirl sleeve. Now the diameter of the same, being greater at the
bottom, causes the oil by centrifugal action to be thrown off at its lowest point on
account of its largest diameter. Without any outside shell the oil is thrown off
upon the frame or the floor but by means of the shell D³ the oil is caught and
drops into the reservoir R³ whence it returns to the lubricated surfaces again.
I am aware that to extend the whirl-sleeve in the form of a flange below the whirl
into the oil reservoir is not new for this purpose and I do not claim it. In the
present invention the flange on the whirl does not extend down into the oil
reservoir and does not cause a rotation. of the oil in the reservoir and the shell D³
is the supplemental device which avoids the necessity of extending the whirl
flange down into the oil reservoir and this shell in conjunction with the washer
cover E³ secures this additional advantage, that while the oil thrown off by the
whirl flange is prevented from being thrown off and lost, there is no extension of
the whirl flange into the oil reservoir such as would cause the oil therein to rotate
or swash or interfere with the admission of oil to the reservoir, for the oil can
nozzle can be made to lightly raise the cover E³ as shown in dotted lines, and the
oil passes down between the lugs e³ of the shell D³ into the reservoir. It will thus
be seen that I not only save the oil from being thrown off the whirl flange and
out of the reservoir and lost, but I leave space and full opportunity for oiling
without raising the spindle and still keep the reservoir clear of dust.
I do not confine myself to making the flange on the whirl to extend below the
whirl but may form said fange by grooving the under side of the whirl; I may
also make the sleeve and cover of the reservoir in one piece and furthermore I
may not support the sleeve upon the top of the oil reservoir but may support it by
a projection on the bolster case or by legs extending to the bottom of the
reservoir.
The fifth feature of the invention consists in the construction of the whirl to
adapt it to a spindle such as is herein described as free to vibrate laterally
and find its own centre. Where the band passes only half way round the whirl
or bears against its semi-circumference only the band has to be under considerable
tension to make sufficient frictional contact to, turn the whirl positively without
slipping and when the band is thus tense it interferes with the free lateral
movement of the spindle. I find it desirable to increase the frictional contact of
the band with the whirl by wrapping it once and a half around and thus am
enabled to run the whirl with a band that is less tense and which permits the.
lateral adjustment of the spindle and bolster to take place more sensitively.

page_text: When the band is thus wrapped once and a half times around the whirl I make
the latter as in Figure 18 with two cone surfaces as a between the flanges which
cone surfaces converge toward the middle of the whirl with straight faces to form
a central angle having exactly symmetrical inclinations on each side. This form
of whirl faces I find takes and pays off the band without any pinching or binding
of the band and as the whirl is exactly symmetrical on each side of the middle
this form of whirl is equally well adapted for either right or left hand rotation on
either side of the driving roll or cylinder
Having described the nature of the said invention and the manner of performing
the same I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is :-
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1st The combination with the bolster case having a closed bottom of the bolster
having a step for the spindle and fitted loosely in the bolster case peripherally
throughout its whole length whereby an oil cushion is formed between the interior
of the bolster-case and the exterior of the bolster throughout its length and the
bolster is left free to vibrate as a whole against said oil cushion laterally in all
directions substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
2nd The combination of a bolster case having a closed bottom, a bolster having a
step for the spindle and fitted loosely within the bolster case throughout its length
for free lateral motion as a whole and means for positively restraining the bolster
from turning substantially as and for the purpose described.
3rd The combination of a sleeve whirl spindle, a bolster case having a closed
bottom, a bolster fitted loosely within the bolster-case throughout its entire length
whereby it is made capable of motion in a lateral direction as a whole, and means
for positively restraining the bolster from turning substantially as and for the
purpose described.
4th The combination with the bolster-case having a closed bottom of the bolster
having a lip or flange a Figure 1 at its top for suspending it in the bolster and
fitting loosely throughout its length in the case to form an oil cushion substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
5th The combination with the bolster-case B¹ Figures 3 and 4, having annular
shoulder c' and oil chamber b' and the spindle with its whirl of the bolster A¹
having holes a rigid collar b' step bearing d and grooved passage way g'
substantially as shown and described.
6th A spinning spindle bolster as shown in Figures 3 and 4 provided at bottom
with a step bearing and near its upper end with a cylindrical enlargement whose
central point is opposite the pull of the band and loosely fitting a corresponding
recess in the bolster case whereby the spindle through the medium of its bolster is
suspended in the case and allowed a lateral movement or cushioned on a thin film
of oil substantially as described
7th The combination with the bolster-case, the spindle and the bolster having a
loose peripheral fitting in the plane of the whirl, of an inflexible supporting pin B
or its equivalent as shown in Figures 5 and 10 supported at its lower end in the
bolster case and abutting loosely against and sustaining the bolster at its upper
end and having at said end a free lateral movement substantially as and for the
purpose described.
8th The combination of the bolster A having notch a² the bolster-case and the
cap D2, Figures 5, 7, 8, having tongue or key 62 the said cap being fitted with a
frictional contact upon the bolster case with its tongue 62 projecting into the
slot a² to prevent the bolster from turning as described.
9th The combination with the bolster and bolster-case both made in tubular
form as shown in Figure 11 of a re-enforcing ring upon the exterior upper portion
of the case constructed as described to lock the bolster and its case together to
prevent the bolster from turning substantially as described.
10th The cap Cs having a perforation in its centre and an indentation in its side
to form projection 6ª in combination with the bolster-case having a slot to give

page_text: passage to said projection and the bolster having a recess to receive said projection
to lock the bolster against turning substantially as described.
11th The combination with the bolster-case having an oil reservoir, and the
spindle having a sleeve whirl with a flange at its lower edge of an outer covering
or shell D³ extended above the oil reservoir and around the exterior of the flange
on said sleeve whirl, as and for the purpose described.
12th The combination with the bolster case having an oil reservoir, and the
spindle having a sleeve whirl with a flange at the bottom of the shell Ds extended
above the oil reservoir and around the exterior of the flange on said sleeve whirl,
and the washer or cover E³ encircling said shell and resting above the oil reservoir
substantially as shown and described.
i
13th The whirl constructed as shown in Figure 18 with two straight and equal
or symmetrical cone faces between the flanges converging to a central angle to form
a right and left whirl as described.
In witness whereof I the said Alexander Melville Clark have hereunto set
my hand and seal this seventeenth day of November A.D. 1883.
A M CLARK