Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Railway Carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1897-Accepted, 29th May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Railway Carriages.
I, GEORGE GATTON MELHUISH HARDINGHAM, of 191, Fleet Street, in the City and
County of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to radiators or like heating appliances intended to be in
permanent communication with a source of steam, hot air or hot water supply, and
consists in arranging the radiators or like heating appliances in such a manner that
they may be pushed beneath the seats of railway carriages or may be drawn forward
to serve as foot-warmers.
The heater is preferably of tubulous construction and may be formed of straight
pipes or pipe sections, or may consist of a coil; the extremities being, in either case,
in communication with the flow and return mains. The heater may be arranged to
fold back beneath the seat by pivoting about its back edge; the hot water or other
heating fluid entering and escaping through the trunnions about which it turns. If,
on the other hand, the heater be arranged to slide, communication with the flow and
return mains may be effected by means of jointed or of telescopic pipes, arranged
horizontally or vertically, or with the aid of flexible pipes.
The heater may be furnished with wheels to run on the floor of the carriage, or
may be suspended from radius bars mounted on pedestals or attached to the under
side of the seat.
Suitable valves are provided for enabling any particular heater or group of heaters
to be thrown out of communication with the circulating system.
Dated this 11th dose of Mar 1906
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM.
COMPLETE SPECIFICA
Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Railway Carriages.
I, GEORGE GATTON MELHUISH HARDINGHAM, of 191, Fleet Street, in the City and
County of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to radiators or like heating appliances intended to be in
permanent communication with a source of steam, hot-air or hot-water supply, and
consists in arranging the radiators or like heating appliances in such a manner that
they may be pushed beneath the seats of railway carriages or may be drawn forward
to serve as foot-warmers.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is an end elevation and Fig. 2 a plan of a heating appliance or foot-warmer
constructed or arranged according to my invention.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a valve or cock for controlling the heating fluid;
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 shewing the plug in its various positions.

page_text: Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic plan of a railway carriage, showing the method in which
the several heating appliances belonging to the various compartments may be connected
with one another and with the source of supply.
The heater is preferably of tubulous construction, and may be formed of straight
pipes or pipe sections or may consist of a coil, the extremities being, in either case,
in communication with the flow and return connections. The heater may be arranged
to fold back beneath the seat by pivoting about its back edge; the hot water or other
heating fluid entering and escaping through the trunnions about which the heater
turns. If, on the other hand, the heater be arranged to slide, communication with
the flow and return mains may be effected by means of jointed, telescopic or flexible
pipes. The heater may, moreover, be furnished with wheels to run on the floor of
the carriage, or may be suspended from radius bars mounted on pedestals or attached
to the underside of the seat. By means of valves such as hereinafter more particularly
described any particular heater or group of heaters may be thrown out of communication
with the circulating system.
According to the mode of construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings,
the heater A is furnished with rollers or wheels a which run on the floor of the
carriage. The extremities of the tubulous heater are respectively connected with the
inlet and outlet nozzles by means of flexible pipes B B; additional rollers & being
provided, if necessary, for supporting the flexible pipes. The flow of the heating
medium is controlled by a valve or cock C, preferably located between each pair of
heaters. The ports c c in the plugs c¹ pertaining to the cock C are so arranged that
the whole series of heaters may be in open communication with the circulating system,
or that any two heaters directly opposite one another may be thrown out of communi-
cation with the circulating system. The rotative movement of the plug c¹ is limited
by stops (not shown) preferably disposed in such a manner that the flow of the heating
fluid cannot be shut off in both directions at the same time. The cock is mounted on
the carriage body and is in communication with the steam, hot-air or hot-water supply
pipe by way of the inlet (or outlet) c³.
The operation of the system will be readily understood on reference to Fig. 7 which
is a diagrammatical view of a railway carriage comprising four compartments. A A are
the heaters represented as being brought forward for use both as foot-warmers and as
carriage heaters; A* A* being similar appliances represented as pushed beneath the
seat D and serving for the time being simply to warm the compartment. When the
cock C is turned to the position shewn in Fig. 5, the whole series of heaters is in
communication with the circulating system. If it be desired to throw either pair
of heaters opposite one another in a compartment out of communication with the
circulating system, as, for instance, the heaters A A* of the compartment E (Fig. 7),
the plug c of the cock (pertaining to the heater A* is turned to the position shown
in Fig. 6, while the plug of the cock pertaining to the opposing heater A is turned
to the position shown in Fig. 4.
Under such circumstances, the supply of the heating fluid to the heaters A A*
of the compartment E is entirely cut off; but for the purpose of maintaining the
circulation throughout the train, communication by way of the other pair of heaters
pertaining to the compartment E is preserved.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. The improved heating apparatus for use in railway carriages, arranged or
operating substantially as herein described, and whereby the heating appliance may
be turned or pushed beneath the seat or be brought forward for use as
warmer.
a foot-
2. The improved heating appliance for use in railway carriages comprising a heater
or radiator capable of passing beneath the seat and connected, by means of jointed or
flexible pipes, with fixed inlets and outlets through which the heating fluid circulates,
substantially as herein described.

page_text: 3. In heating railway carriages by means of radiators adapted for use as foot-
warmers, connecting the said radiators in such a manner that any two opposite one
another may be thrown out of use without intercepting the circulation throughout
the train.