IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT BLAST FURNACES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Marc Antoine François Mennons, of the Firm of
Mennons and Telescheff, Home and Foreign Patent Agents, of Abingdon
Chambers, in the City of Westminster, and 24, Rue de Dunkerque,
Paris, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HOT BLAST FURNACES."-A communication from abroad by Nicolas de
Telescheff, of No. 19, Ofitzerskaïa, Saint Petersburg, Russia, late
Captain of Artillery of the Imperial Guard.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Marc Antoine François
Mennons at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th November 1864.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the Firm of Mennons and
Telescheff, Home and Foreign Patent Agents, of Abingdon Chambers, in the
City of Westminster, and 24, Rue de Dunkerque, Paris, in the Empire of
France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HOT BLAST FURNACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of hot blast
furnaces, as shewn by the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 is a

page_text: vertical section of the furnace; Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same,
and Figure 3 a cross section.
A is the hearth, on which is placed the metal to be reduced; B is a hollow
column containing the fuel, the descent of which, as consumed from below, is
facilitated by the conical form of the column; C, C, C, C',C', C', are fire-clay
tubes, in which is heated the air required for the combustion. These tubes
are set in two ranges, as seen in Figure 2, so as to permit of varying at will
the quantity of air admitted on one side to the flame, and on the other to the
fuel, according to the nature of the latter. The cold air thrown into the
conduit D passes successively into the tubes C', C, C, of the first range; the
canal E, the tubes C, C, C, of the same range, the canal F, till, finally, by
the openings G, G, G, it enters the furnace and mingles with the flame. On
the other hand, the air passes by a second conduit set parallelly with D, into
the tubes C, C, C¹, C, C, C, of the second range, and is carried by the canal
Finto the furnace under the fuel. H is the charging port, provided with a
sight hole covered with glass or mica; J is a port for the removal of the
scoriæ; K, fuel port; L, chimney. The tubes c, c¹, are filled with fragments
of fire-clay, as seen in Figure 1, to facilitate the heating of the air required
for the combustion. The column B being partially charged with fuel, and the
latter fired in the usual way, the air is forced by the blowing apparatus
through the canal F¹. The temperature being thus carried to about five
hundred degrees centigrade Fahrenheit, the column is filled up with fuel, and
the air is admitted to the furnace by the canal F and its accessaries in the
manner above noted.
It should be remarked that the peculiar mode of introduction above
described is intended to limit the supply of air to the quantity strictly requi-
site for the perfect combustion of the fuel, which quantity cannot be exceeded
without reducing the temperature.
The form, mode of construction, and general arrangement of the furnace
may of course be varied according to circumstances, the main object of the
Invention being to provide a means of heating the precise quantity of air
required for the combustion to a higher temperature than that hitherto
adopted in furnaces of this description, and which may range from three
hundred to one thousand degrees centigrade; from 572° to 1832° Fahrenheit,
according to the nature of the metal to be reduced.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Marc Antoine François Mennons in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MARO
ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the Firm of Mennons and Telescheff, Home
and Foreign Patent Agents, of Abingdon Chambers, in the City of West-
minster, and 24, Rue de Dunkerque, Paris, in the Empire of France, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons, Her special
licence that I, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Marc Antoine
François Mennons, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT BLAST FURNACES," (a communication to him
from abroad by Nicolas de Telescheff, of No. 19, Ofitzerskaïa, Saint
Petersburg, Russia, late Captain of Artillery of the Imperial Guard,)
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Marc Antoine François
Mennons, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing.
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner.
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in.
and by the following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of hot blast,
furnaces, as shewn by the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1.is.a.

page_text: vertical section of the furnace; Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same,
and Figure 3 a cross section.
A is the hearth, on which is placed the metal to be reduced; B is a hollow
column containing the fuel, the descent of which (as consumed from below)
is facilitated by the conical form of the column. C, C, C, C¹, C¹³, C¹, are fire-
clay tubes, in which is heated the air required for the combustion. These
tubes are set in two ranges, as seen in Figure 2, so as to permit of varying at
will the quantity of air admitted on one side to the flame, and on the other to
the fuel, according to the nature of the latter. The cold air thrown into
the conduit D passes successively into the tubes C, C, C, of the first range;
the canal E, the tubes C, C, C, of the same range, the canal F, till,
finally, by the openings G, G, G, it enters the furnace and mingles with the
flame. On the other hand the air passes by a second conduit set parallelly
with D into the tubes C, C, C, C, C, C, of the second range, and is carried
by the canal F¹ into the furnace under the fuel. H is the charging port pro-
vided with a sight hole covered with glass or mica; J is a port for the
removal of the scoriae; K, fuel port; L, chimney. The tubes C, C³, are filled
with fragments of fire-clay, as seen in Figure 1, to facilitate the heating of the
air required for the combustion. The column B being partially charged with
fuel, and the latter fired in the usual way, the air is forced by the blowing
apparatus through the canal F¹. The temperature being thus carried to
about five hundred degrees centigrade, (about 932° Fahrenheit,) the column
is filled up with fuel, and the air is admitted to the furnace by the canal F
and its accessories in the manner above noted.
It should be remarked that the peculiar mode of introduction above
described is intended to limit the supply of air to the quantity strictly requi-
site for the perfect combustion of the fuel, which quantity cannot be exceeded
without reducing the temperature.
The form, mode of construction, and general arrangement of the furnace
may, of course, be varied according to circumstances, the main object of the
Invention being to provide a means of heating the precise quantity of air
required for the combustion to a higher temperature than that hitherto
adopted in furnaces of this description, and which may range from three
hundred to one thousand degrees centigrade (572° to 1832° Fahrenheit)
according to the nature of the metal to be reduced.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner of carrying it into effect, I declare that I claim and desire to
protect by Letters Patent, the improved, construction of hot blast furnaces in

page_text: manner and for the purposes substantially as herein set forth and shewn in
the Figures of the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons,
have hereto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
M. F. MENNONS. (L.S.)