IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE BOTTOMS AND SIDES OF SHIPS AND VESSELS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO SHIPS PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY APPLI- CABLE TO SHIPS AND VESSELS CONSTRUCTED OF OR SHEATHED WITH IRON
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolf Ellissen, of the City of London, Merchant,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE
BOTTOMS AND SIDES OF SHIPS AND VESSELS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO SHIPS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolf Ellissen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
November 1868.
I, ADOLF ELLISSEN, of the City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING THE
FOULING OF THE BOTTOMS AND SIDES OF SHIPS AND VESSELS, PARTICULARLY APPLI-
CABLE TO SHIPS AND VESSELS CONSTRUCTED OF OR SHEATHED WITH IRON," to be as
follows:-
I purpose to use a composition of oil and oleaginous substance, combined
with poisonous or life-destroying substance, such, for instance, as arsenic ; or
oil or oleaginous substance alone. And in order to apply the composition or
substance to the ship or vessel I use a reservoir placed in any convenient part of
the vessel, or if hollow iron masts be used they may contain the composition or
oil, or oleaginous substances, and a pipe or conduit pipes, or conduits perforated
with small holes may be carried along the bottom and sides of the vessel in
any required position, so that the composition or oil may ooze out of the
apertures of the perforated pipe or pipes, and thence ascend and keep the
sides and bottom supplied with the composition or oil or oleaginous matter so
as to effectually prevent the adhesion of barnacles and other marine animals
or plants, or destroy them if attacking the vessel. Before leaving the dry

page_text: dock I would oil and grease the sides and bottom of the vessel in order to
prepare the surface the more readily to take up the composition, oil, or oleaginous
substance as aforesaid. When applied to wooden ships iron sheathing could
be used with arrangements before described, thereby superseding the use of
copper or other expensive sheathings.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Adolf Ellissen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th May 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ADOLF
ELLISSEN, of the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto I,
the said Adolf Ellissen, Her special licence that I, the said Adolf Ellissen,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Adolf Ellissen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE BOTTOMS AND SIDES OF SHIPS AND VESSELS
CONSTRUCTED OF OR SHEATHED WITH IRON," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Adolf Ellissen, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Adolf Ellissen, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
I use a composition of oil and oleaginous substance combined with
poisonous or life-destroying substance, such, for instance, as arsenic; or oil or
oleaginous substance alone. And in order to apply the composition or sub-

page_text: stance to the ship or vessel, I use also a reservoir placed in any convenient
part of the vessel, or if hollow iron masts be used they may contain the
composition or oil or oleaginous substances, and a pipe or conduit pipes, or
conduits perforated with small holes may be carried along the bottom and sides
of the vessel in any required position, so that the composition or oil may ooze
out of, be expressed, or exude from the apertures of the perforated pipe or
pipes, and thence ascend and keep the sides and bottom supplied with the
composition or oil or oleaginous matter, so as to effectually prevent the
adhesion of barnacles and other marine animals or plants, or destroy them if
attacking the vessel. Before leaving the dry dock I would oil or grease the
sides and bottom of the vessel in order to prepare the surface the more readily
to take up the composition, oil, or oleaginous substance as aforesaid. When
applied to wooden ships iron sheathing could be used with the arrangements
before described, thereby superseding the use of copper or other expensive
sheathings. The oil or oleaginous matters may however be caused to circulate-
through the pipes by the arrangements herein-after described, by hydraulic
pumping arrangements, or any other arrangements that may be deemed
desirable.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and incidentally
adverted to the manner of performing or putting in practice the same, I now
proceed to the complete exemplification thereof, which I shall do by referring
to the accompanying Drawing, by the words, figures, and letters following,

page_text: In steam vessels (as shewn by the Drawing) in addition to the arrangement
of the pressure cylinder and the connected pipes herein-before described and
shewn by the accompanying Drawings, I also adopt the arrangement shewn at
Fig. 1, where G denotes a disc fitted on the engine shaft; H, a connecting rod
secured at one end to the disc and at the other to the piston rod of the piston
of a pump K, which communicates by means of the pipe L with an oil reser-
voir M placed in the lower part of the vessel, by which means oil is pumped
up into the pipes, thus affording an additional pressure to express the oil from
the apertures of the pipes. There may be several pressure cylinders, oil reser-
voirs, and pump arrangements if desired. If hollow masts be used in lieu of the
foregoing arrangements, or in conjunction with them, the interior of the mast
must have a communication established by means of a pipe with the main pipes
aforesaid. In such cases the pressure cylinder A may be dispensed with, the
hollow masts effecting the same object, but in sailing vessels it might be as
well to substitute the masts for the pumping arrangement G, H, K, L, M,
herein-before described, using the pressure cylinder as above described. The
oil is to be pumped up into the masts by hand pump with pipe communicating
with the interior of the mast, or by other means, and the oil will then descend
by its own gravity.
::
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I hereby
declare that I claim the improvements in preventing the fouling of the
bottoms and sides of ships and vessels constructed of or sheathed with iron,
effected by means of apparatus or arrangements of causing oil or oleaginous
substance, mixed or not mixed with poisonous substances, to be expressed and
follow the sides and bottoms of the vessels.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adolf Ellissen, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
PHILIP THAINE.
ADOLF ELLISSEN. (L.S.)