CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING VARIOUS DESCRIPTIONS OF PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOSEPH
ECCLES, of Moorgate Fold Mill, near Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, and JAMES BRADSHAW and WILLIAM
BRADSHAW, of Blackburn, in the same County, Watchmakers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of December, in
the twelfth year of Her reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-eight, did give and grant unto us, the said Joseph
Eccles and James Bradshaw and William Bradshaw, our exors, adñiors, and
assigns, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the
said Joseph Eccles and James Bradshaw and William Bradshaw, our exors,
admors, and assigns, and such others as we, the said Joseph Eccles and
James Bradshaw and William Bradshaw, our exors, adññors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term of years therein mentioned, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING VARIOUS DESCRIPTIONS OF PLAIN
AND ORNAMENTAL TEXTILE FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent there is con-
tained a proviso requiring that we, the said Joseph Eccles and James
Bradshaw and William Bradshaw, shall particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the

page_text: hand and seal of one of us, to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Joseph Eccles and James Bradshaw and William Bradshaw, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same
is effectuated, are fully set forth and ascertained by this present instrument in
writing, and the description contained herein of the Drawings annexed thereto.
In these Drawings various old and well-known parts and mechanism of
looms are shewn, and reference made to them, in order to explain the working
of our improved arrangements. A is the framing; B, the crank or first
motion shaft; C, the tappet or second motion shaft; D, headdle brackets
and bar; E, the reed; F, the back bearer; G, the breast beam; H, picking
levers; I, bed of the slay; J and K, treading levers; L and M, treading
N and O, headdles; P and Q, picking bands; R, emery roller;
S, cloth beam; T, taking-up motion; U, yarn beam; V, warp; W, fabric;
X, fly wheel; Y and Z, fast and loose driving pulleys.
cams;
Our Invention, although applicable to the ordinary power loom, refers more
particularly to that class of looms which are capable of weaving fancy fabrics
by power, and in which several shuttles are thrown in such a manner as to
produce a regular pattern on the surface of the fabric. In this class of looms,
the shuttles are "thrown" from a series of shuttle boxes, known as "drop
boxes," moving with and attached to the slay carrying the reed. In our
present improvements we dispense with this arrangement. We place the
shuttle boxes stationary on each side of the loom, and the beating up of the
reed is effected without imparting motion to or carrying them with it, as seen
on reference to the various Figures on Drawings 1, 2, 3. The ordinary crank
and connecting rod, by which motion is imparted to the slay, we substitute by
an arrangement of cams a, a, composed of curves of varying radius throughout s
their throw. These cams are placed upon the first motion shaft B. Pins or
studs a³, a¹, projecting from the levers on which the slay vibrates, traverse a
groove in these cams, and convey to the lay or slay I, carrying the reed E,
an oscillatory motion at a speed varying according to the radius of the curves
composing the cam, thereby causing the slay and reed to travel at a reduced 3
velocity or "dwell," while the shed is opened for the passage of the shuttle,
and to advance to and recede from the operation of beating up at a higher
rate of speed. In connexion with this arrangement we employ a series
of upright vibrating levers a², a³, a', a. The bars a, a', are supported

page_text: by these levers, and upon these bars we place the bed of the slay I, with
the reed E and its appurtenances. The studs a', a', projecting from the levers
a², a³, traverse the grooves in the cams a, a, upon the shaft B; and as this
shaft revolves, the action of the cams upon the levers, as before described,
causes the slay carrying the reed to advance and beat up the weft, and recede
nearly to the headdles, where it moves with a reduced velocity till the passage
of the shuttle through the shed is effected. The mechanical arrangements by
which we work two shuttles are also shewn in Drawings 1, 2, and 3. Affixed
to the tappet shaft C is a pin or lever c, which with every revolution of the
shaft strikes a tooth in the wheel d, which wheel revolves upon a bracket
upon the loom side (best seen in Figures 6 and 7). Affixed to the wheel dis
the double tappet d', acting upon the lever c', and projection, as follows:—
As the lever c advances the teeth upon the wheel d, the tappet d¹ (which is of
two diameters, proportioned to the number of picks in the pattern, as after-
wards explained) depresses the lever c¹ in a greater or less degree, and, through
the chain and spring c', acts upon the rod b, to which the chain is secured
by the bracket 6%, and effects a corresponding elevation or depression of
the shuttle boxes or drop lines b, b1, the parallelism of which is preserved by
means of the perpendicular rods 63, on which they are affixed. Thus, when the
projection cupon the lever c¹ rests upon the larger diameter of the tappet d',
the shuttle box b', containing the shuttle with the red weft, is brought into
operation; but when the lever c has advanced the wheel d, so that the larger
diameter of the tappet d' ceases to act upon the lever c', and the shuttle
box b, containing the shuttle with white weft, drops by its own gravity, see
Figure 6, into the place before occupied by the shuttle box 6', and continues
in operation until the larger diameter of the cam tappet d'again operates upon
the lever c', and raises the shuttle box 6' to its working position upon the
opposite side of the loom, one shuttle box only, b, of the ordinary kind, is
required, inasmuch as the shuttles which are thrown out of action alternately
by the apparatus described remain in their several boxes when not picking, and,
whatever number of shuttles may be employed, one box, into which they may
be severally thrown to and fro; is all that is required on the opposite side of
the loom. This loom is arranged for weaving checks of two colours in the
weft, and to all persons conversant with fancy weaving it will readily appear
that, as the motion by which the change or variation of pattern is produced is
effected from the shaft C, by which the shedding and picking are also effected,
that the pattern can be varied by any equal or any unequal number of picks
at pleasure; the tappet upon the wheel d being altered, so as to correspond
with the style of pattern required, it being only necessary that there are as

page_text: many diameters in the adjustable tappet as shall correspond to the number of
shuttles required to produce a complete pattern before commencing a repeat.
A variety of these adjustable tappets, and the patterns produced by them, are
shewn in Drawing No. 7, and the methods of working any number of
shuttles will be fully treated in describing our three-shuttle loom, shewn in
Drawing No. 4. Our method of picking or throwing the shuttle through each
shed, when opened, we effect by the action of cams, bowls, or levers e, e, placed
upon the shaft C, and alternately depressing the levers H, H, which vibrate
upon their fulcrum e', e'. The levers H, I, operate upon the metal pickers e², es,
by means of the bands P and Q. These metal pickers slide upon the rods or
spindles et, es, placed externally on the front of the shuttle race on each side of
the loom. Attached to the pickers e, e, is a piece of buffalo hide e, e, gutta
percha or other substance, which traverse the longitudinal slots e, e, in the
shuttle boxes b, b', and act upon the shuttle in the ordinary manner. When
the shuttle boxes b, 6, drop to effect the requisite change of pattern, it is
necessary that the picker should be clear of the slots e, e, or derangements
might occur. This we effect by means of a cam placed on the shaft C, and acting
upon a lever a¹ to one end of which lever is affixed the spiral spring de, the
recoil of which, acting through the band d', causes the pickers &, &, to retire
to the ends of the fly spindles so soon as the pick is made; and thus one pick
on the drop box side of the loom will serve for any number of shuttles that
may be required to form the pattern of the fabric to be woven, and the pickers
will always be clear of the drop boxes when changing or working, except at
the instant the pick is made, and during the momentary period while the
change is taking place. The apparatus is so arranged that picking cannot
be effected. The delivery of the warps V from the yarn beam U, we regulate
by the use of additional flanged drums a, a, placed on each end of the beam.
Over these drums an endless band or strap u¹ is passed. From this band
weights or weighted levers u², us, are suspended, and, as the diameters of the
drums exceed the diameter of the warp beam, the superior leverage of the
weights or weighted levers enables the delivery of the yarns to proceed with
regularity and precision. Our taking-up motion is shewn attached to the
oom, and also in a detached view at Figure 5. t is a bowl or stud upon a
disc or plate affixed to the shaft B. This bowl acts upon a lever 12 sus-
pended from the loom side, and causes the rod or arm & to gather a tooth upon
the ratohet t', the advance of the ratchet being kept by the dog or
click t, when the recoil of the spring te brings the lever t² into a position
to be acted upon by the bowl t upon the disc t¹ as before mentioned. The
ratchet wheel t is placed upon the axis of the ordinary change wheel, and the

page_text: intermediate gearing T is such as is ordinarily made use of in power looms;
our improvements consisting in obtaining the necessary motion for the taking
up as described. We also (as seen in Drawing No. 1, Figure 2) dispense with
the ordinary weighted levers acting on the cloth beam, and support the cloth
beam on the strong spiral springs p, p, the bases of which rest on the bottom
bar of the front framing. The action of these springs will be fully under
stood by all persons conversant with weaving. In Figure 6 a curved spring
s is shewn attached to the loom side, and pressing against the back of the
shuttle box. The object of this spring is to permit the shuttle boxes to have
a small amount of vibration to accommodate themselves to any undue vibra-
tion of the reed.
In Drawing No. 4 our arrangements for working three shuttles, and the
same number of drop boxes are shewn. c is a pin or lever on the tappet
shaft C, moving with it in the direction of the arrow, and with every revolution
striking one of the projections a, a, on the inner surface of the face plate a',
best seen in Figure 13, on the opposite side of which face plate a correspond-
ing series of projections b, b, are placed. The projections b, b, act upon a
series of teeth c, c, at the back of the adjustable tappet plate d, and impart a
rotative motion thereto in the direction of the arrow. Affixed to the outer surface
of the disc or tappet plate d are a series of projections e, e, f, f, g, g, h, h, and
i, i, which may be varied as to arrangement according to the style of
pattern required. Upon the projections e, e, the bowl j of the shorter arm of
the lever is resting, but as the tappets revolve these projections are carried
from beneath it, and it falls upon the periphery of the flange d'.
This drop
of the bowl; to the flange d¹ produces a corresponding elevation of the longer
arm of the lever k, to which is attached the rod and chain *, passing over
the pulley ks, supported from the standard k'. From the chain ² the drop
boxes 1, 1, 13 are suspended, and by the depression of the shorter arm of the
lever the middle shuttle box is thrown out of operation, and the lower
one is brought into action. When the bowl j has traversed the portion of
the flange between the projections e and f, the continuous rotation of the
tappet plate & causes the bowl to ascend the projections f, which brings the
shuttle box again into work until the bowl drops on to the portion of the
flange d' between the projections f and g, when the shuttle box 13 is again in
operation. When the bowl j mounts the projections g, g, the box 1 is again
at work, and thus these shuttle boxes 12, 13, are alternately thrown into and
out of operation until the bowl mounts the projections i, i, when the shuttle
box i is brought into action and the pattern produced by one revolution of this
arrangement of projecting surfaces on the tappet plate d is shewn at Figure 30,

page_text: Drawing No. 7. Any required pattern, therefore, may be produced by varying
the arrangements of the projecting surfaces on the tappet plate. A variety of
patterns, and of the tappets employed to produce them, are shewn in Drawing
No. 7, the construction of which will be readily understood upon reference
without further explanation. It is a point of importance that the floor of the
middle shuttle box should, when in work, be level with the bed of the slay I,
and this adjustment we effect in the manner following:-m is a double arm
lever vibrating on a pivot at the back of the shuttle boxes. To the short arm
of this lever is attached a pointer n, which rests upon one of the sides of the
wedge n', attached to a projection on the pulley. Whenever the middle
shuttle box is in operation, and the box was last in work, the pointer n rests
on the lower incline of the wedge n¹;
in operation, the pointer rests on the upper surface of the wedge. Attached
to the longer arm of the lever I is a finger or projection n², which, when
the middle shuttle box / is in work, presses against the periphery of the bowl
m', adjustable in a slot in the longer arm of the lever m. The spiral spring
but when the box was previously
does not press the longer arm of the lever k quite to the adjusting nuts on
the bottom of the rod k', but leaves a small space between the bottom of the
lever and the nuts, so that, when the middle shuttle box is thrown out of
operation, the lever k drops a short distance equal to the space before
mentioned, and which is sufficient to carry the finger or projection n² from
contact with the bowl m', and the recoil of the spring m² immediately relieves
the wedge n¹ from the pressure of the pointer n, and throwing the lever into
the position shewn at Figure 14, permits the shuttle boxes l'or to drop into
place and commence working; and when either of these shuttle boxes are
thrown out of operation the finger n², acting on the bowl m' on the bottom of
the lever m, places the lever m in the position shewn in Figure 13, the pointer
n resting on the upper or lower surface of the wedge n', as before.explained.
Figures 15 and 16, Drawing No. 5, shew an arrangement of apparatus
enabling the weaver to ascertain the number of picks which may have been
made after the weft thread is exhausted or broken; these cannot be more than
two or three at the utmost, but, in order to maintain the pattern of the fabric
in uniformity, it is a matter of importance for the weaver to adjust his cloth to
the precise place at which the next weft thread should be reset. a and b are
a pair of bevils, the larger of which is placed upon the axis of the adjustable
tappet before referred to. c is a rod upon which the smaller bevil is placed,
on the top of which rod is a finger d, pointing to an index dial e, the divisions
upon which are arranged to indicate any desired number of weft threads, and
are also coloured in imitation of the pattern of the fabric. The weaver there-

page_text: fore will only have to turn the handle g; and let back the cloth till the finger
corresponds to the divisions on the index representing the point at which the
weft thread was exhausted or broken.
Our stopping motions for arresting the progress of the loom when the
shuttle misses boxing, or the weft thread is exhausted or broken, are shewn
in Figures 17 and 18, Drawing No. 5. In Figure 17, a is a bell-crank lever,
the upright arm of which is furnisned with a small bowl pressing against the
swell or spring b in the back of the shuttle race. When the shuttle duly
lands in the box, the swell b causes the horizontal arm of the lever a to raise
the notch upon the lever c from the possibility of contact with the notch upon
the lever d, which lever is vibrated by means of a came upon. the driving
shaft B, acting upon the vertical lever f, to which the lever d is attached.
When the shuttle misses boxing and remains in the shed, and the reed is
beating up, the swell 6 ceases to act upon the lever a, and the notches on the
levers c and d coming into contact, the action of the came upon the lever f
causes the lever c, which is attached to the spring handle of the loom Z¹, to be
forced out of the catch in which it is ordinarily held and traverse the driving
strap from the fast to the loose pulley in the usual manner, simultaneous with
which the system of levers g, h, and i are acted upon by the lever j, and cause
the friction break k to impinge upon the fly-wheel X and bring the evolutions
of the loom to a state of immediate rest, in which operation it is assisted by
the lever upon the shaft B, which acts against the lever h and presses the
brake upon the fly wheel with superior leverage. By lifting the handle m the
lever g will be released from the lever j, and the lever ceasing to act upon
the lever h the fly wheel X will be liberated from the pressure of the brake k,
and the loom prepared to renew its evolutions.
l
Our apparatus for detecting the absence of weft and effecting the stopping
of the loom (see Figure 17), consists of the ordinary fork or finger playing
into or between a grid or series of wires.placed beside the reed. n is the fork
(of which one prong only is seen) moving upon a pivot attached to tho-lever p
and vibrated by the weft sufficiently to lift the notch upon the arm o from
contact with the notch upon the upright arm of the lever p. When the
weft thread is absent or broken the vibrations of the fork. n cease, and the
notch upon the arm o being caught upon the notch in the lever p, the bowl q
upon the wheel r acting through the upright lever.s, causes a projection. on the
lever p to strike the spring handle Z', traverse the driving strap from the fast
to the loose pulley and stop the loom, the friction break and its appurtenances
being brought into action as before described.
In Figure 19 we have shewn a plan of a shuttle box, in which the front
plate a vibrates upon a pivot b, permitting it to have a small amount of lateral

page_text: motion which is regulated by the spring c, and thus when the shuttle is caught
partly in the warps and partly in the box the plate a yields and preserves the
shuttle from breakage or from injuring the warp or the fabric.
A modified arrangement of the brake apparatus acted upon by the stopping
motion, as shewn at Figure 17-a is the lever acted upon by the swell as
before described, the arrangement of levers in the stopping motion being the
same as those before mentioned, with the addition of a levert hung upon the
framing of the loom, acted upon by the cam e and assisting the swell b in
causing the lever a to raise the lever c from contact with the lever d. When
the spring handle Z' is acted upon by the lever c the upright arm of the
lever is pressed by the clip v, which causes the system of springs and
levers w, w, w, to bring the concentric brakes x, y, into contact with the
periphery of the fly wheel X.
Various modified arrangements of the weft-stopping motion are shewn in the
detached Figures 20, 21, 22, 23. The apparatus shewn in Figures 20 and 21
consists of an eccentric a fixed upon the driving shaft of the loom and imparting
vibration to the rod b, on which are placed the uprights c and d. e is
the weft fork vibrated by the weft. f is a small disc, having four studs upon
one side and eight upon the other side; and when the weft is absent the arm
of the weft fork rests upon two of the four studs (see Figure 20), but when
the weft is present it rests upon one stud only, as seen at Figure 21. The
eccentric a causes the rod b, with each revolution; to act upon one of the eight
pins upon the other side of the disce f, and so to impart a slow rotation to it.
When the weft is present the upright & will always be clear of the notch on
the arm of the weft fork e, but when the weft is broken the upright & will be
caught upon the notch, and the vibrations of the lever b will cause it to act
upon the spring handle and stop the loom. In Figures 22 and 23 the weft
fork is furnished with a pendant arm f vibrated from the lever a, acted upon by
thes well in the shuttle box. This arrangement effects the combination of both
the stopping motions in one apparatus, the mechanical arrangements in con-
nection therewith being similar to. any of those set forth or any modification
of the same.
In Drawing No. 6, Figures 24, 25, and 26 shew an arrangement of appa-
ratus for working the headdles, by which the shedding of the warps is effected.
The novelty in these arrangements consists in their adaptation to the working
of any number of healds with a variable or alternating motion, so that certain
portions of the fabric may be twilled and the rest woven in the ordinary
manner. The apparatus can also be readily removed should the loom be
required for weaving plain fabrics only. B is the driving shaft of the loom,
on which is fixed the cam b, acting by means of a bowl upon the lever a, to

page_text: which are attached the upright rods or levers c and d, receiving with the
lever a, an alternating motion from the cam b. Upon the rod c are two
adjustable brackets e and f, to which are affixed the arms or levers e', f¹.
With every alternation of the rod c the lever e¹ acts upon one of the four
projections on the disc g, and imparts to the disc and the shaft g', to which it
is attached, a slow rotation. On this shaft, which is shewn attached at
Figure 28, four cams or tappets g³, g³, g', g³ are placed and alternately commu-
nicate motion to the levers h', h2, h3, h4, which are severally attached to the
four headdle bars 1, 2, 3, 2, one of which, ", is shewn in Figure 26. The
levers h', h, 1, 1, have each a notch or catch at one end, and the parrallelism
of these levers is preserved by means of the uprights k', k², k³, k, sliding in
grooves in the frame k. As the projections or tappets on the shaft g' act
successively on one of the levers h¹, h², h³, h, it causes the catch or
notch of the lever acted upon to be brought under the top bar l, of
the frame 1, supported by the lever d. As this lever is attached to the lever a,
acted upon by the cam b, it follows that the notch of the lever thrown by
the tappets on the shaft g¹ beneath the bar A, is acted upon by that bar, which
is depressed by the lever a, and consequently one of the headdles only is raised,
and a twill shed is formed by the warp, through which shed the shuttle is thrown
in due course. When a portion of the fabric is required to be plain woven, the
lever is brought to act upon one of the projections on the disc m' attached
to the shaft m, to which are affixed two double tappets or cams m³, m³, seen in
detached view Figure 29. When the drop box containing the weft required
to be used in plain weaving comes into operation, a rod or other attachment
to the drop box acts upon a lever n, whose fulcrum is at n¹, and puts the
shaft m into a position to act by the cams m², m³, upon the levers h¹, h³, h³, h*;.
and to be acted upon by the rod f¹ from the alternating motion of the rod c.
The combined action of the cams or tappets upon the shafts g¹ and m causes
two headles to be put in operation simultaneously, and so long as this continues
plain weaving is the result; but when the drop box comes to the next change
the lower shaft m, with its tappets, ceases to operate upon the levers working
the healds, and consequently the fabric is. twilled as before described. The
reaction of the healds we effect by means of bands of caoutchouc or other
elastic materials 0, 0, 0, 0. In Figure 27 we have shewn an arrangement for
working the healds by means of bands and rollers in place of the levers shewn
in Figure 26.
Figure 25 shews a simple apparatus by which we are enabled to throw any
number of threads of weft through one shed. This is done by means of a
wheel P', which is worked by one or both of the shafts g¹ and m, as twilling or

page_text: plain weaving may be required. This wheel has a certain number of teeth,
corresponding to a certain number of sheds which are effected from this shaft.
As there are ordinarily as many picks as sheds it follows that if any number
of teeth be omitted from the wheel that there will be a greater number of
picks than sheds, or, in other words, that in those sheds where an omission of
teeth in the periphery of the wheel takes place there will be a number of weft
threads deposited equal to the number of teeth omitted. The arrangements
for holding the weft at the selvages, where several picks are made in one shed,
consists of a small wire, around which the weft is passed in any convenient
manner.
In following the description herein given of our Invention from the looms
exhibited in the Drawings, it must be borne in mind that the slay and reed
do not carry the shuttle boxes or pickers with them in their traverse, but that
the shuttle boxes are fixed on frames at the loom sides, and have no motion
with the reed or slay. In fancy looms the motion of the shuttle boxes is a
vertical up and down motion only, for the purpose of effecting the requisite
change of pattern in the fabrics, while in ordinary loonis worked by the
crank and connecting rod the shuttle boxes are secured to the framing, and
the reed and slay only have vibrating motion.
Having, therefore, fully described the nature and particulars of our said
Invention of Certain Improvements in and applicable to Looms for Weaving
various Descriptions of Plain and Ornamental Textile Fabrics, and shewn the
manner of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be understood
that we do not claim any of the ordinary and well known parts of such looms
as are represented, excepting in so far as these, or any of them, are indis-
pensable for effectuating our improvements; but what we do claim as new and
of our Invention in this our present Specification of Letters Patent granted
unto us aforesaid, are,-
Firstly, causing the reed to vibrate upon the slay swords, or any substitute
therefor, independently of, and without attachment to, or connexion with, the s
shuttle boxes and their appurtenances, and causing the reed to proceed to and
recede from the operation of beating up the weft without carrying the shuttle
boxes and their appurtenances with it by means of the apparatus herein set
forth and described.
Secondly, the peculiar arrangements of cams and levers as set forth, or any a
mere modification of the same, whereby the reed is moved at a variable speed
during a portion of each vibration, making a "dwell" while the pick is per-
formed, and moving with increased velocity to and from the operation of
beating up the weft, as illustrated and described.

page_text: Thirdly, the adaptation of a metal picker to power looms; the peculiar
apparatus set forth for performing the picking motion; the mechanism for
carrying the pickers to the ends of the fly spindles, and the various novel
arrangements in connexion therewith, or any equivalents therefor.
Fourthly, the novel arrangements of machinery and apparatus for effecting
the changes of the drop boxes for producing varieties of style and pattern in
the fabric to be woven, acting in conjunction with the tappet wheels and other
appurtenances, set forth, illustrated, and described, or any mere modification of
the same, or mechanical equivalents therefor.
Fifthly, the peculiar arrangements relating to the shuttle boxes or drop
boxes, whereby their drop or change motions are effected independent of the
vibrations of the slay and reed to which the shuttle boxes are not attached,
and of which they form no part as in the ordinary loom.
Sixthly, the novel arrangements relating to the taking-up motion, as
described.
Seventhly, the double flanged pulley with the endless band and weights for
regulating the delivery of the yarns, as illustrated and described.
Eighthly, supporting the cloth beam on spiral springs, as described.
Ninthly, the arrangements, as described, for enabling the weaver to adjust
his cloth by means of a dial and index, or any modification of the same.
Tenthly, the novel arrangements relating to the stoppage of the loom when
the shuttle misses boxing, or the supply of weft ceases, or any mere equivalents
or substitutes therefor.
Eleventhly, causing the front plate of the shuttle box to swivel on a pivot,
or by means of a spring, and the arrangements connected therewith, as set
forth and described.
Twelfthly, the arrangements set forth for applying friction brakes to the
periphery of the fly wheel simultaneous with the stoppage of the loom, and the
apparatus for releasing and adjusting the leverage of such friction brakes.
Thirteenthly, the arrangements set forth, or any modifications of the same,
or mechanical equivalents or substitutes therefor, by which any number of
headles may be worked alternately for twilling or plain weaving, in order to
produce various styles of pattern and weaving on the same fabric.
Fourteenthly, the novel mechanical arrangements for making any desired
number of picks in one shed acting in conjunction with the arrangements set
orth and described for working our variable heal motion.
All of which being to the best of our knowledge and belief new, and never
before practised in that part of Her said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of Wales, and Town of

page_text: Berwick-upon-Tweed, we, the said Joseph Eccles and James Bradshaw and
William Bradshaw, deliver this as our true and faithful Specification of the
same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Eccles, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord Onc
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, and we, the said James Brad-
shaw and William Bradshaw, have severally set our hands and seals,
this Fourteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-nine.
within-named mes
William Bradshaw, in the presence of
СПА COOPER,
Sol, Manchester.
JN° COOPER,
His Clerk.
1
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of June, in the 2
year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid James Bradshaw and William Bradshaw
came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged
the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written.
AND ALSO BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifteenth day of June, 2
in, the year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Joseph Eccles came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.