IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRAKES FOR COLLIERY WINDING ENGINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Ormerod, of Atherton, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRAKES FOR
COLLIERY WINDING ENGINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Ormerod at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1879.
EDWARD ORMEROD, of Atherton, in the County of Lancaster.
"
IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRAKES FOR COLLIERY WINDING ENGINES AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
This Invention is designed principally to be applied to the winding drums of
colliery engines, but it is also applicable to other purposes where a powerful brake
(acting in either direction) is required.
The brake rim or wheel, to which the brake is to be applied, is made in tho
usual manner, by preference of metal.
The brake block made of wood endwise of the grain may be caused to act either
below, above, or at either side of the rim, but I prefer to place it below the
same.
The brake block is mounted in a shoe or box of metal provided with screws for
On the underside or back of the
setting the block forward as it becomes worn.
shoe or box are a number of cams or projections (say three) in the form of rounded
cogs, and immediately beneath or at the back of the same is mounted on an axis a
small roller or wheel having corresponding cogs gearing with those at the back of
the shoe.
This roller or wheel is made with recesses, into which fit the ends of levers, by
means of which it may be partially turned in either direction so as to cause the
cams or cogs to raise the shoe and press the brake block forcibly against the
brake rim.

page_text: It will be evident that the roller or wheel may be partially turned in either
direction by means of the lever or levers, and that the brake block will be raised
and forced against the brake rim, in whichever direction the levers are moved;
but in addition to this, it will be observed that the brake block will not only be
raised, but the cams or cogs will at the same time bave a tendency to move the
brake block endwise at the same time so as to cause it to act as a wedge, and so
increase the friction; and a peculiarity of this Invention is that this wedging
action can always be made to act in the direction of the revolution of the wheel
at the time being by moving the levers in the corresponding direction; whereas,
in ordinary brakes, if there is a tendency to "wedge" when the drum or wheel is
revolving in one direction, there is an opposite tendency (that is, to loosen the
brake) when the wheel is revolving in the other direction.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Edward Ormerod in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th April 1880.
EDWARD ORMEROD, of Atherton, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRAKES FOR COLLIERY WINDING ENGINES AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
This Invention is designed principally to be applied to the winding drums of
colliery engines, but it is also applicable to other purposes where a powerful brake
(acting in either direction) is required.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now proceed to
describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood
I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof.
In the annexed Drawing, Fig. 1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 an end view of my
improved brake shown as applied to the winding drum of a colliery engine;
Fig. 3 is a plan of the same; and Fig. 4 is a section of the brake drawn to a larger
scale.
The brake rim or wheel a, a, to which the brake is to be applied is made in the
usual manner (by preference of metal), and the brake block b, b, of wood (preferably
endwise of the grain) may be caused to act either below, above, or at either side of
the rim a, a, but I prefer to place it below the same, as shown in the Drawings,
excepting in the case of double winding drums, in which case I place the brake
between the two so as to act upon both at once.
'
The brake block b, b, is mounted in a shoe or box of metal c, c, inside which is
an adjustable plate d, d, provided with screws e, e, for setting the block b, b,
forwards as it becomes worn. On the underside or back of the shoe or box c, c, are.
a number of cams or projections f, f, (three are shown in the Drawing) in the form
of rounded cogs, and immediately beneath or at the back of the same is mounted
on an axis a small roller or wheel g, g, having corresponding cogs h, h, gearing
with those at the back of the shoe c, c.
On the axis of the roller g, g, outside the bracket i, i, is keyed a disc or wheel
k, k, and this disc may be made with recesses into which fit the end of levers, by
means of which it may be partially turned in either direction so as to cause the
cams or projections h, h, on the roller or wheel g, g, to act on the corresponding
cams or projections f, f, on the shoe or box c, c, so as to raise the latter and press
the brake block b, b, forcibly against the brake rim a, a.
This partial turning of the roller or wheel g, g, which applies the brake block b, b,
to the rim a, a, may be effected in any other convenient manner instead of by
the hand levers above described; for instance, in the annexed Drawing it is shown
as connected by a link l, l, and lever m, m, to foot plates n, n, but, as before
stated, the rocking of the roller or wheel g, g, may be effected in any convenient
Inanner. It will be evident that by whatever means the roller or wheel g, g, is
partially turned the effect will be to raise the shoe or box c, c, and force the brake
block b, b, against the brake rim a, a, in whichever direction the roller g, g, is
moved; but in addition to this, it will be observed that the brake block will not
only be raised, but the cams or cogs will have a tendency to move the shoe c, c,
end wise at the same time (see dotted lines in Fig. 4) so as to cause the brake to
act as a wedge and so increase the friction.
And a peculiarity of this Invention is that this wedging action can always be
made to act in the direction of the revolution of the wheel or rim at the time being
by rocking the wheel or roller g, g, in the corresponding direction; whereas, in

page_text: ordinary brakes, if there is a tendency to "wedge" when the drum or wheel is
revolving in one direction, there is an opposite tendency (that is, to loosen the
brake) when the wheel is revolving in the opposite direction.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, together
with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention the peculiar
construction of brake hereinbefore described and illustrated by the Drawings
annexed, or any mere modification or imitation thereof, constructed and operating
in substantially the same or a similar manner, and more especially I claim the
double wedging action obtained by the cogs or projections, as hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof, J, the said Edward Ormerod, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.