IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING TEXTILE FABRICS AND פסה הדי
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Roy, senior, of Cross Arthurlie, in
the County of Renfrew, North Britain, Calico Printer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING TEXTILE FABRICS AND
פסה הדי
"
Sealed the 19th April 1854, and dated the 19th October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Roy at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th October 1853.
I, WILLIAM ROY senior, of Cross Arthurlie, in the County of Ren-
frew, North Britain, Calico Printer, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING TEXTILE FABRICS AND
OTHER SURFACES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an arrangement of machinery to be employed
for printing textile fabrics of various kinds from surface rollers or relief
A transverse
cylinders, as a substitute for the usual hand block work.
guide frame is placed above and across a flat printing table; and in this
frame, as a horizontal guide, a travelling printing carriage is fitted to

page_text: work over the table, at pleasure. The lower side of the main guide
rail carries a toothed rack, into which a spur wheel on the first motion
shaft is arranged to gear. This shaft, together with the whole of the
other gearing, is carried in the travelling carriage, so that on causing
the first motion shaft to revolve, the carriage, with all the printing
apparatus, is caused to traverse its guide. On the first motion shaft
is also placed a roller or drun, over which the endless sieve or feed
cloth is passed, a similar drum being fitted up alongside for working in
concert with the first in supporting the sieve. This second drum
presses on the upper side of a supplying roller, partially immersed in
the color box, carried along with the gearing and carriage. A con-
tinuation of the gearing also actuates a lower horizontal shaft, on which
is placed the surface printing roller, arranged to traverse in contact
with the fabric stretched across the table beneath. The lower length
for the time being of the endless sieve traverses in contact with the
upper side of the printing roller, so that as the machine is worked to
traverse the roller the latter thus receives a uniform supply of color.
In printing shawls in the piece in this way, the fabric is passed over
the table, and the printing carriage is then run over it to print one
"repeat." The piece is then shifted at a right angle to the traverse
of the printing carriage to the required distance, and the carriage is
retraversed to produce the second repeat, and so on. The table is
capable of swivelling round upon a vertical spindle, so that the operator
may present fresh borders or surfaces of the piece to the printing
operation after one impression has been completed. In printing more
colors than one the parts are reduplicated to the required extent, so
that one color follows the other throughout the series. And instead
of using a fixed table with traversing rollers the apparatus may be
modified by using a traversing table to pass beneath the rollers, pro-
lucing a like result.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Roy in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM ROY senior, of Cross Arthurlic, in the County of Renfrew,
North Britain, Calico Printer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Williaim Roy senior, Her special license
that I, the said Williamı Roy senior, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Roy senior, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein,
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING
TEXTILE FABRICS AND OTHER SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Roy senior, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great.
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Roy senior, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
My said Invention relates to an arrangement of machinery to be
employed for printing textile fabrics of various kinds from surface
rollers or relief cylinders, as a substitute for the usual hand block work..
A transverse guide frame is placed above and across a flat printing
table; and in this frame, as a horizontal guide, a travelling printing

page_text: carriage is fitted to work over the table at pleasure. The lower side
of the main guide rail carries a toothed rack, into which a spur wheel
on the first motion shaft is arranged to gear. This shaft, together with
the whole of the other gearing, is carried in the travelling carriage, so
that on causing the first motion shaft to revolve, the carriage, with all
the printing apparatus, is caused to traverse its guide. On the first
motion shaft is also placed a roller or drum, over which the endless
sieve or feed cloth is passed, a similar drum being fitted up alongside
for working in concert with the first in supporting the sieve. This
second drum presses on the upper side of a supplying roller, partially
immersed in the color box, carried along with the gearing and carriage.
A continuation of the gearing also actuates a lower horizontal shaft,
on which is placed the surface printing roller, arranged to traverse in
contact with the fabric stretched across the table beneath. The lower
length for the time being of the endless sieve traverses in contact with
the upper side of the printing roller, so that as the machine is worked
to traverse the roller the latter thus receives a uniform supply of color.
In printing shawls in the piece in this way, the fabric is passed over
the table, and the printing carriage is then run over it to print and
"repeat." The piece is then shifted at a right angle to the traverse
of the printing carriage to the required distance, and the carriage is
retraversed to produce the second repeat, and so on. The table is
capable of swivelling round upon a vertical spindle, so that the operator
may present fresh borders or surfaces of the piece to the printing
operation after one impression has been completed. In printing more
colors than one the parts are reduplicated to the required extent, so
that one color follows the other throughout the series. And instead
of using a fixed table with traversing rollers the apparatus may be
modified by using a traversing table to pass beneath the rollers, pro-
ducing a like result.
: And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood,
I shall now proceed to describe the several Figures on the Sheet of
Drawings hereunto attached. Figure 1, on the Sheet of Drawings
is an end elevation; and Figure 2, is a side elevation, partly in
section, of a printing machine complete, as constructed and arranged
according to my said Invention. Figure 3, is an end view of

page_text: the printing carriage detached; and Figure 4, is a side view of the
The
printing roller and the color supplying details, also detached.
guide frame of the printing apparatus consists of two strong planks of
wood A, held together by the traverse tie rods B, and suspended from
an overhead beam or the ceiling of the apartment by the rods C, being
additionally secured by the diagonal stays D. On the opposite inner
sides of the frame pieces A, are fixed rails E, for the support of the
carriage containing the printing apparatus. The printing carriage
consists of a frame formed by the cast iron side plates F, and the cross
tie rods G, the outsides of the side plates having upon them projections
which embrace the rails E; or instead of this plau the frame F, G,
may be provided with wheels to run on the top sides of the rails E.
The side plates F are formed with suitable bearings for the printing
roller H, and the three color rollers I, J, and K. The sieve or feed
cloth L, is passed round the small roller I, and the large one J, and
imparts its color to the top of the printing roller from its under side
for the time being. The roller K revolves partially immersed in the
color in the color box M, and imparts the color to the sieve L, by
contact where the latter passes round the roller J, from which roller
the roller K also receives its motion. The roller I revolves loosely on
its spinille, which serves to communicate motion to the printing roller
H. For this purpose it has keyed upon one or both ends a spur wheel
N, gearing with a a spur wheel O, fast on the printing roller spindle.
The spur wheel N derives its motion from the rack P, fixed on the
lower edge of the frame pieces A, and extending through their entire
length; into this rack also gears a spur wheel Q, keyed on the spindle
of the roller J, so that this last, and with it the seive L, obtains the
same surface velocity as the printing roller. The printing roller H is
spur wheel
made rather larger in diameter than the pitch circle of the
O, so that its surface velocity is slightly quicker than the roller's actual
rate in a horizontal line, which gives the roller a slight tendency to
draw in the fabric printed upon as it goes along, and thereby avoids
the tendency of the fabric, due to its elasticity, to bulge up in advance
of the printing roller when this revolves at a surface velocity no greater
5 than that of its actual traverse. This arrangement, however, may be
modified to suit particular circumstances. With the described arrange-

page_text: ment of fixed rack and geared rollers the traverse of the printing
carriage will obviously cause the rollers to revolve, and the printing
action to be thereby effected, the pattern being laid down on the fabric
R stretched horizontally beneath as the carriage moves along. The
traverse of the carriage may be effected in various ways; by means of
a winch handle f, for example, fixed upon one of the roller spindles,
this drawing the carriage along by the action of the spur wheel upon
the rack; or a separate rack may be fixed upon the stationary frame,
and the printing carriage may be provided with an independent pinion
gearing with the additional gearing rack, and carrying a winch handle
for effecting the traverse of the carriage. This will materially lessen the
strain on the rack P, and spur wheels N and Q, and so admit of their
being made much finer in pitch, thereby securing greater accuracy in
working. The fabric R to be printed is stretched in any convenient
manner over a horizontal table S, placed directly under the printing
apparatus; this table is supported by a strong cast iron framework T.
When printed in the piece, the fabric may be conveniently delivered
from a roller U, carried in bracket bearings on one side of the frame
T, passing thence up to a guide roller V, over the impression table S,
and the guide roller W on the other side of the table, and down to a
guide roller X carried in bracket bearings at the lower part of the
framing T. From this the fabric passes below the table, also below
a guide roller Y on the other side; it thence passes upwards to an upper
apartment, where it is dried by heat or otherwise; and finally, after
passing round guide rollers Z, a, suitably arranged, descends to and is
wound upon the roller b. The course of the fabric is so arranged that
its under side only shall come in contact with any of the guide rollers,
thus preventing injury to the newly imprinted pattern.
In the side elevation of my printing apparatus Figure 2, are repre-
sented three carriages c, d, e, with their complete sets of printing and
color rollers. On the carriage c, the outside gearing is more particularly
shewn. On the carriage d, this gearing is supposed to be removed, more
clearly exhibiting the side plate F, whilst the carriage e is shewn in ver-
tical section. These three carriages are shewn separate and distinct from
each other, but in juxtaposition, and indicating the manner in which
two or more colours may be printed at the same time. It will, however,

page_text: e obvious to the practical man that two or more sets of printing and
olor rollers and color boxes may be carried by one carriage; in
ther words, instead of the traversing apparatus for printing three
olours, consisting of three separate carriages, c, d, e, the whole may
orm one single frame or carriage, the side plates on each side being
ingle castings, instead of three separate pieces cach.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
aid Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be usel
or carried into effect, I may observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine
or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have
had occasion to describe or refer to, as many variations may be made
herefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of my
Invention. But what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general arrangement and construction of machinery, appa-
ratus, or means for printing on textile fabrics and other surfaces, as
hercin-before described.
Second, the application and use in machinery for printing on textile
fabrics and other surfaces, of printing carriages made to traverse over
the material to be printed, and of which the several printing movements
are actuated by a rack fixed to a stationary over-hanging or other
framing, as herein-before described.
Third, the system or mode of causing the printing roller to draw in the
elastic slack of the fabric by giving the roller a surface velocity slightly
greater than that due to its actual traverse, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Roy senior, have hereunto
set my hand, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Z POV SENNER. (L.S.)