Improvements in Bib Cocks or Valves.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 27th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 1st Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bib Cocks or Valves.
_ I CHRISTOPHER FRANCIS GOUGH of the Engineer's Lodge St. Anne's Schools
Redhill, in the County of Surrey, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to improvements in bib cocks or valves, in which by a
more simple construction the advantages of a glandless, non-concussive bib cock
or valve is obtained that is unaffected by expansion, contraction or uneven
seating.
There is a hydraulic as well as a hydrostatic head of water, and the hydraulic
head is equal to the hydrostatic head diminished by the height due to the velocity
with which the water flows; a vertical pipe taken from the bottom of a cistern or
tank, a hole made in any part of it will draw in air and not leak water all the
while the bottom of the pipe remains open.
In my present invention I take advantage of this to render my bib cocks or
valves glandless by constructing the seating orifice near the extremity of one leg
of a syphon or standpipe, the object of this syphon or standpipe being to carry the
water or other fluid well above the rod or spindle which actuates the seating
orifice closing piece, and give the water or other fluid a downward direction and
velocity before it reaches that part of the other leg of the syphon or standpipe
through which the aforesaid rod or spindle passes and which forms the bib or outlet
of the cock or valve.
The invention consists in its general features of a bib cock or valve in which the
rod or spindle which actuates the seating orifice closing piece passes horizontally
through one leg or limb of a syphon or stand pipe into the other leg or limb of the
syphon or standpipe; one half of this syphon contains a boss and orifice for the
before last mentioned rod or spindle and forms the bib or outlet, the other half of
the syphon forming the inlet and containing the seating orifice and the seating; by
this arrangement the water or other fluid when allowed to pass the seating orifice
is made to ascend that half of the syphon or stand pipe and descend the other or
bib half with velocity before it reaches that part through which the spindle passes,
thus rendering the use of a stuffing box or gland unnecessary.
The invention consists more specifically of the following essential elements :-
1. A body casting consisting of a hollow shell divided part of its length internally
and vertically by a partition or wall, one half being continued to a greater length
than the other virtually forming a syphon the longest half of which forms the bib
or outlet of the cock or valve, and the shortest half containing the seating orifice
and forming the inlet; the longest or bib half containing on its outer perimeter a
boss concentric with the seating orifice that is contained in or attached to the
shortest or inlet half, for the reception of a spindle or rod to actuate the seating
orifice closing piece.
2. A seating formed in the solid metal of the casting as a raised seating or
otherwise; or a recess for the reception of a ring seating of india-rubber vulcanised-
fibre, leather or any of the elastic materials usually used for seatings.
3. A seating orifice closing piece, in any of the usual forms as a globe, cone, or
disc, winged flanged or otherwise in glass, stoneware, metal or other material,
formed or not formed for the reception of any of the elastic materials usually used
for seating orifice closing pieces.

page_text: 4. A. spindle or rod of metal either a plain rod, or containing at one of its ends
on its outer perimeter a right or left handed male screw thread cam, inclined
plane, or stud, its other end being formed into, or having attached thereto a
thumb press, winged thumb piece, capstan-wheel hand-wheel or handle for the
purpose of actuating the seating orifice closing piece.
The bib cocks or valves are constructed as follows:-
;
The body casting of the bib cocks or valves consists of a hollow shell containing
the necessary orifices viz. :-an inlet, an outlet, or bib, an internal or seating orifice,
and a spindle orifice; this hollow shell is divided part of its length internally and
vertically by a partition or wall, one half being continued to a greater length than
the other half and forming the bib or outlet orifice, the other or shortest half is
continued at right angles or in an horizontal direction and forms the inlet orifice
and contains the seating orifice in a vertical plane and concentric with the inlet
orifice this inlet orifice contains a female screw thread on its inner perimeter and
forms a socket or collar for connecting to water main or pipe or for the reception
of a nipple, this socket or collar inlet may have an enlargement between it and
the seating orifice on the inlet side, which may or may not be recessed for the
reception of an india-rubber or other elastic ring seating and form a chamber for
the seating orifice closing piece, which the socket or collar inlet allows passage for,
or the seating and the enlargement for the reception of the seating orifice closing
piece may be contained near the extremity of the shortest half of the syphon on
the outlet side of the seating orifice. The longer or bib half of the casting
contains on its outer perimeter a boss concentric with the seating orifice, this boss
contains the spindle orifice, and this spindle orifice is continued through the
internal vertical partition or wall of the casting concentrically with the seating
orifice, and may be either a plain orifice or may contain on its inner perimeter a
right or left handed female screw-thread, inclined plane, cam, stud or groove; a
spindle or rod of metal fits the before-last mentioned spindle orifice for the purpose
of actuating the seating orifice closing piece and may be either a plain rod or
spindle or it may be reduced at one of its ends and contain on its outer perimeter
a right or left handed male screw thread, inclined plane, cam, stud or groove and
at its other end be formed into, or attached to, a thumb press, winged thumb piece,
capstan wheel hand-wheel or handle.
The seating orifice closing piece, may be in any of the usual forms, as a globe,
cone, or disc, winged, flanged, or otherwise, in glass, stoneware, metal, or other
material, formed or not formed for the reception of leather, vulcanised-fibre, india-
rubber, asbestos or any of the elastic materials usually used for seating orifice
closing pieces.
The seating may be formed in the solid metal of the body casting, as a raised
seating or otherwise, or a recess may be formed in the solid metal of the body
casting for the reception of a ring seating of india-rubber vulcanised-fibre, leather,
or any of the elastic materials usually used for seatings and the seating may be
formed on the inlet or pressure side of the bib cock or valve so that the pressure
of the water or other fluid acts on the seating orifice closing piece to close the
seating orifice and the rod or spindle containing the thumb-press, winged thumb
piece, capstan-wheel, or handle acts against the pressure of the water or other
fluid to open the seating orifice; or the seating may be formed on the outlet side
of the seating orifice, so that the pressure of the water or other fluid acts on the
seating orifice closing piece to open the seating orifice, and the before last
mentioned rod or spindle acts against the pressure of the water or other fluid to
close the seating orifice.
Dated this Fifth day of March 1891

page_text: Improvements on Bib Cocks or Valves.
I CHRISTOPHER FRANCIS GOUGH of the Engineer's Lodge St. Anne's Schools
Redhill, in the County of Surrey, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in bib-cocks or valves in which by a
more simple construction the advantages of a glandless, non-concussive bib-cock
or valve is obtained that is unaffected by expansion, contraction or uneven
seating.
A novel and peculiar feature of my said invention is the division of the bib part
of the hollow shell of the body casting of the bib-cocks or valves into two
compartments by an internal partition or wall for the purpose of rendering them
glandless.
There is a hydraulic as well as a hydrostatic head of water, and the hydraulic
head is equal to the bydrostatic head, diminished by the height due to the velocity
with which the water flows. A vertical pipe taken from the bottom of a cistern
or tank a hole made in any part of it will draw in air and not leak water all the
while the bottom of the pipe remains open.
In my present invention I take advantage of this to render my bib cocks or
valves glandless. It is obvious, that if one of the compartments in the bib of
my bib cocks or valves contain the seating orifice, and the bib outlet of that
compartment be stopped, the internal partition or wall of the bib being continued
above the seating and spindle orifices, but not the entire internal vertical length of
the bib; the fluid passing the seating orifice will then be forced to ascend that
compartment and descend the other compartment with velocity in a vertical
direction before it reaches that part of the compartment through which the spindle
which actuates the seating orifice closing piece passes, thus rendering the use of
a stuffing box or gland unnecessary.
It is evident also that if I extend the internal partition or wall of the bib-part
of the hollow shell of the body casting aforesaid its entire vertical length so as to
divide the bib internally into two separate compartments, one compartment
containing the seating orifice, the other compartment containing the spindle
orifice arranged concentrically with the seating orifice and also produced through
the internal partition or wall, the ends of the two compartments being left open
and forming the bib or outlet orifice; the internal partition or wall will then form
a baffle plate to the water or other fluid flowing in that compartment nearest the
seating orifice and any fluid leaking through the spindle orifice contained in the
internal partition or wall, will leak into the other compartment, and as this
compartment also forms part of the bib, the fluid thus leaking will find its way out
at the bib with the fluid flowing from the other compartment thus rendering it
impossible for the water or other fluid to escape through the spindle orifice of the
outer shell unless the orifice of the bib itself is obstructed or stopped.
It is obvious also that the same results may be obtained if the said internal
partition or wall of the bib be made a separate piece fitting the bib's interior and
that it may be made to traverse the interior of the bib in the direction of the
seating orifice, that it may in fact actually form the seating orifice closing piece,
and may be either plain metal or formed for the reception of leather, india-rubber,
vulcanised-fibre, asbestos or any of the elastic or fibrous materials usually used for
seating orifice closing pieces.
The invention consists specifically of the following essential elements :-
(1) A body easting consisting of a hollow shell containing the necessary orifices:

page_text: that is to say an inlet orifice, an internal or seating orifice, an outlet or bib orifice
and a spindle orifice. An internal partition or wall contained in the bib or outlet
part of the casting so as to divide it into two compartments; this internal partition
or wall, may be cast with the body casting of the cock or valve so as to form part
thereof in solid and rigid contact, or it may be a separate piece constructed to fit
the interior of the bib, and capable of movement therein; when the internal
partition or wall is constructed as a separate and moveable piece, as herein last
mentioned, the bib or outlet part of the casting is constructed internally of a form
that will allow of such movement; when the internal partition or wall forms part
of the casting, or is rigidly attached thereto, it may be produced the entire internal
length of the bib, or only part of the internal length of the bib, and both
compartments formed by the said internal partition or wall, may be left open to
form the outlet or bib orifice of the cock or valve; or one compartment may be
closed, the other compartment or half being produced to a greater length and left
open to form the outlet or bib orifice; when it virtually becomes a syphon, the
longest leg of which is the bib or outlet of the cock or valve, the shortest leg,
half, or chamber containing the seating orifice and forming the inlet. The longest
or bib half containing on its outer perimeter a boss, concentric with the seating
orifice, for the reception of a spindle or rod, to actuate the seating orifice closing
piece.
(2) A seating formed in the solid metal of the casting as a raised seating or
otherwise, or a recess for the reception of a ring seating of india-rubber, vulcanised-
fibre, leather, or any of the elastic or fibrous materials usually used for seatings.
(3) A seating orifice closing piece, in any of the usual shapes, as a globe, cone,
plate or disc, winged, flanged, or otherwise, in glass, stoneware, metal or other
material and adapted or otherwise for the reception of any of the elastic materials
usually used for seating orifice closing pieces.
(4) A spindle or rod of metal, either a plain rod, or containing at one of its
ends, on its outer perimeter, a right or left handed male screw-thread, cam, inclined
plane, or stud, its other end being formed into, or having attached thereto, a
thumb-press, winged thumb-piece, capstan-wheel, hand-wheel, or handle, for the
purpose of actuating the seating orifice closing piece.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of one form of my improved
bib-cocks or valves, with a seating orifice closing piece in the shape of a globe
setting on a ring seating of elastic material;
Fig. 2 represents an horizontal longitudinal section of the same on line X X
Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 represents an horizontal transverse section of the top of the syphon or
stand pipe on line. Y. Y. Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 a front elevation;
Fig. 5 represents a horizontal transverse section of the bib or outlet orifice on
line PP Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 represents a vertical longitudinal section of another form of my improved
bib cocks or valves in which the internal partition or wall of the bib part of the
hollow shell of the body casting is continued its entire vertical length so as to
divide it into two entirely separate compartments, both compartments being left
open at the bottom to form the bib or outlet orifice, and the internal partition or
wall forming a baffle plate to the water or other fluid flowing in that compartment
nearest the seating orifice;
Fig. 7 represents a vertical longitudinal section of another class of my improved
bib cocks or valves in which a raised seating is formed on the outlet side of the
seating orifice, the spindle orifice in the outer shell and the internal partition or
wall being of such a diameter as will allow passage and movement of the seating
orifice closing piece.
Fig. 8 represents a vertical longitudinal section of another form of my improved
bib-cocks or valves in which the internal partition or wall of the bib of the cock

page_text: or valve is made a separate piece filting the bib's interior and constructed so as to
traverse the interior of the bib in the direction of the seating orifice and also
forming the seating orifice closing piece;
Fig. 9 represents a horizontal transverse section of the bib of the same on
line T T Fig. 8;
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
The bib cocks or valves are constructed as follows:-
The body casting of the bib cocks or valves consists of a hollow shell, containing
the necessary orifices viz.:-an inlet A; an outlet or bib B; an internal or seating
orifice C; and a spindle orifice D; this hollow shell is divided, part or all of its
length, internally and vertically bý a partition or wall E, one half being continued
to a greater, length than the other half, and forming the bib or outlet orifice B
Fig. 1, the other, or shortest half, is continued at right angles or in a horizontal
direction, and forms the inlet orifice A, and contains the seating orifice C, in a
vertical plane, and concentric with the inlet orifice A; this inlet orifice A contains
a female screw-thread (A' Fig. 1, and Fig. 6), on its inner perimeter, and forms a
socket or collar for connecting to water main or pipe, or for the reception of a
nipple; this socket or collar inlet may have an enlargement (F Fig. 1 and Fig. 6)
between it and the seating orifice C on the inlet side, which may or may not be
recessed for the reception of an india-rubber or other elastic ring seating (G Fig. 1
and Fig. 6), and form a chamber for the seating orifice closing piece H which the
socket or collar inlet A (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) allows passage for; or the seating G
and the enlargement F, for the reception of the seating orifice closing piece H, may
be contained near the extremity of the shortest half of the syphon on the outlet
side of the seating orifice C. The longer or bib half B (Fig. 1) of the casting
contains on its outer perimeter a boss K, concentric with the seating orifice C,
this boss contains the spindle orifice D, and this spindle orifice is continued through
the internal vertical partition or wall E (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 6, and Fig. 7), of the
casting, concentrically with the seating orifice C, and may be either a plain orifice
(Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) or may contain, on its inner perimeter, a right or left handed
female screw-thread D' (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) inclined plane, cam, stud, or groove;
a spindle or rod of metal, L (Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8), fits the before
last mentioned spindle orifice D, for the purpose of actuating the seating orifice
closing piece H, and may be either a plain rod or spindle, or it may be reduced at
one of its ends, and contain on its outer perimeter a right or left handed male
screw-thread L' (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6), inclined plane, cam, stud, or groove, L³
(Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8), and its other end be formed into or attached to a
thumb-press, winged thumb-piece L2, capstan-wheel, hand-wheel, or handle.
The seating orifice closing piece H, may be in any of the usual forms, as a
globe, cone, or disc, winged, flanged, or otherwise, in glass, stoneware, metal or
other material, adapted or not adapted for the reception of leather, vulcanised-
fibre, india-rubber, asbestos, or any of the elastic materials usually used for
seating orifice closing pieces.
The seating G, may be formed in the solid metal of the body casting, as a raised
seating, or otherwise, or a recess may be made in the solid metal of the body
casting, for the reception of a ring seating, of india-rubber, vulcanised-fibre,
leather, or any of the elastic materials usually used for seatings; and the seating G
may be formed on the inlet or pressure side of the bib cocks or valves, (as in
Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) so that the pressure of the water or other fluid acts on the
seating orifice closing piece H, to close the seating orifice C, and the rod or
spindle I, containing the thumb press, winged-thumb-piece L³, capstan wheel,
hand wheel, or bandle, acts against the pressure of the water or other fluid to
open the seating orifice C; or the seating G may be formed on the outlet side of
the seating orifice C (as in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), so that the pressure of the water
or other Huid acts on the seating orifice closing piece H, to open the seating.
orifice C, and the before last-mentioned rod or spindle L, acts against the pressure
of the water or other fluid to close the seating orifice C...

page_text: The construction of my improved bib cocks or valves may be somewhat varied.
For instance, the internal partition or wall E; of the bib part of the body casting
of my bib cocks or valves, may be produced the entire internal length of the bib,
and the lower ends of both the chambers or compartments thus formed be left
open to form the bib orifice as in Fig. 6, or the internal partition or wall of the
bib part of the cocks or valves may be produced part of the internal length only,
and one of the lower ends of the compartments or chambers thus formed be
stopped, and the other left open to form the bib orifice, as in Fig. 1; or the
internal partition or wall may be constructed as a separate and moveable piece,
either the entire internal vertical length of the bib, or part of the internal length
of the bib only; the interior of the bib being constructed in such way as to allow
of the said internal partition or wall being traversed in the direction of the seating
orifice C (as shown in Fig. 8); and the said internal partition or wall may or may
not contain a spindle orifice; also it may or may not constitute the seating orifice
closing piece, and may be either plain or suited for the reception of leather, india-
rubber, vulcanised-fibre, asbestos, or any of the elastic or fibrous materials usually
used for seating orifice closing pieces.
Also the seating G may be formed on the pressure or inlet side of the seating
orifice C (as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) or it may be formed on the outlet side
of the seating orifice C (as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), and it may be a metal
seating, as a plain seating, a raised seating G (Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), or a coned
seating, or it may be recessed for the reception of a ring-seating of leather, india-
rubber G (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) vulcanised-fibre, asbestos, or any of the elastic or
fibrous materials usually used for seatings.
Also, the seating orifice closing piece H may be contained in a chamber
constructed for that purpose on the pressure or inlet side of the seating orifice C
(as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) or it may be contained in the bib chamber (as
shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8); it may also be of any of the usual forms, as a globe,
plate, disc, or cone. Also the spindle L, that actuates the seating orifice closing
piece H, may be either a plain spindle, of even diameter, or of varied diameter,
and may contain on its outer perimeter a right or left-handed male screw-thread L
inclined plane, cam, stud, or groove, and one of its ends may or may not contain
an orifice, either a plain orifice, or an orifice containing on its inner perimeter a
right or left-handed female screw-thread, to receive, carry, or give motion to the
stalk of a seating orifice closing piece (as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), the other
end thereof being either a plain end, or being formed into, or having attached
thereto, a thumb-press, winged thumb-piece L², capstan-wheel, hand-wheel, handle,
or lever for the purpose of actuating it. Also, the bib cocks or valves may be
made self closing, to allow of the renewal of seatings, or repair, without the
necessity of turning the water off at the main or section, by using one seating
orifice closing piece in a chamber constructed for that purpose on the inlet side of
the seating orifice, to be actuated by the ordinary seating orifice closing piece
contained in the bib chamber in the usual way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In bib cocks or valves, the provision of means substantially, as hereinbefore
described, for rendering bib cocks or valves glandless viz. :-The division of the
bib part of the body casting of bib cocks or valves into two compartments, or
chambers, by an internal partition, or wall, whether such internal partition, or
wall be produced the entire internal length of the bib of the cock or valve or part
of the internal length only; whether such internal partition, or wall, be cast
with the body casting of the cock or valve so as to form part thereof in solid and
rigid contact, or constructed as a separate piece and rigidly fixed in the bib's
interior; whether such internal partition, or wall, be constructed as a separate
piece, fitting the bib's interior and capable of movement therein; whether such

page_text: internal partition, or wall, contains or does not contain a spindle orifice; whether
such internal partition, or wall, constitutes or does not constitute a seating orifice
closing piece whether such internal partition, or wall, be formed or not formed
for the reception of, or passage through, of a seating orifice closing piece; whether
one chamber, or compartment, in the bib, formed by the said internal partition, or
wall, be closed, leaving the other compartment only open to form the bib or outlet
orifice, or whether both chambers, or compartments, formed by the said internal
partition, or wall, be left open to form the bib, or outlet orifice,-substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
Second. The improved bib cocks or valves consisting of the parts constructed
and combined, substantially as described, with reference to Figures 1 to 5, or
Figure 6, or Figure 7, or Figure 8 of the accompanying drawings, for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 26th day of October 1894.
CHRISTOPHER FRANCIS GOUGH.