IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HAIR CURLING INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lionel Henry Hanbury, of Maid of Honor Row,
Richmond, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HAIR CURLING INSTRUMENTS."
Sealed the 11th July 1871, and dated the 12th January 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Hanbury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th January 1871.
.
I, LIONEL HENRY HANBURY, of Maid of Honor Row, Richmond, in
the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HAIR CURLING
INSTRUMENTS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide a simple and economical
instrument that will facilitate the curling of the human hair and form
an efficient substitute for curl papers.. To this end I employ round
wire in lengths and of the substance corresponding to that commonly
used for making hair pins. These lengths of wire I double so as to
bring their ends together, and I form at the round end or head of this

page_text: hair pin a loop by applying a clip or binding wire to the pin just below
the head or loop. To this loop I connect a cord or thread of india-
rubber, which I attach to a flexible cup or ring of the same material
by a binding wire or otherwise, which cup is intended to receive or
embrace the ends of the hair pin.
In order to apply this instrument to the curling of the human hair
I admit the ends of a lock of hair within the doubled wire or hair pin,
and I then roll up the lock of hair upon the pin. When this is done
I slip the elastic cup on to the ends of the wire, and the hair will then
be held fast in a coiled state by the tension of the elastic cord.
The instrument thus described admits of various modifications, but in
all cases the elastic cord will be retained. Thus, for example, I may
double the wire so as to form a closed instead of the open end of the
first described instrument, and by bringing down to the closed end a
third strand of wire which will constitute an elastic pin the hair may
bo gripped between the three strands. of wire and rolled up upon them
as before described. Then by means of the elastic cup and band con-
nected to the head or loop of the instrument the hair will be prevented
from uncoiling. Or if desired four strands of wire may be employed
to grip the hair and form a core on which to roll it, the same or a
similar contrivance to that described being used to secure the instrument
in position.
In order to remove the instrument from the hair it is only necessary
to free its end from the cup attachment; and it may then be withdrawn
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said
Henry Hanbury in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th August
1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LIONEL 30
HENRY HANBURY, of Maid of Honor Row, Richmond, in the County
of Surrey, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the year

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Lionel Henry Hanbury, Her special
licence that I, the said Lionel Henry Hanbury, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Lionel Henry Hanbury,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HAIR CURLING INSTRUMENTS," upon the condition.
(amongst others) that I, the said Lionel Henry Hanbury, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Lionel Henry Hanbury, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
The object of this Invention is to provide a simple and economical
instrument that will facilitate the curling of the human hair and form
an efficient substitute for curl papers. To this end I employ round
wire in lengths and of the substance corresponding to that commonly
used for making hair pins. The length of wire I double so as to bring
the ends together, and I form at the bent end or head of the hair pin
a loop, and secure the loop by the application of binding wire. Through
the loop formed by the doubled wire I pass a cord or thread of india-
rubber, to the ends of which I attach a flexible cup of the same material
by a binding wire or otherwise, which cup is intended to receive or
embrace the ends of the hair curling instrument.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 shews the hair curling instru-
ment ready to be applied to the. hair, and Fig. 2 shews it with a lock of
hair curled around it.

page_text: a is the loop formed by binding a length of hair pin wire back upon
itself, and b, b, are two elastic prongs, which are held together just below
the shoulder of the loop by binding wire c or it may be a fixed clip of
metal. These prongs 6 have at their extremities a tendency to stand
apart, and they then facilitate the insertion of the lock of hair to be
curled between them; e is an clastic cord made fast to an clastic cup d.
This cup I form of a piece of india-rubber tube, and I attach it to the
elastic cord by passing the ends of the cord through the tube, and after
knotting them applying a binding wire to the tube, the tension of which
wire will secure the parts firmly together and convert the tube into a
cup suitable for receiving the ends of the prongs b.
In order to apply the instrument thus constructed to the curling of
the human hair I admit the ends of a lock of hair between the prongs,
and while holding them pressed together so as to secure the ends I roll
up the lock of hair upon the prongs. When this is done I slip the
elastic cup on to the ends of the wire, and the hair will then be held
fast in a coiled state by the tension of the elastic cord, which overlies
the coil of hair, as shewn at Fig. 2. I would remark that the advantage
of using an elastic cup for securing the cord in its retaining position is
that it will yield to the pressure of the head, and thus when in use offer
no inconvenience to the employer of the curling instruments when lying
down to rest.
The instrument admits of various modifications, but in all cases the
elastic cord and by preference also the elastic cup will be retained.
Thus, for example, I may double the wire so as to form a closed instead
of the open end of the first described instrument, and by bringing down
to the closed end a third strand of wire, which will constitute an elastic
pin, the hair may be gripped between the three strands of wire and rolled
up upon them as before described.
This arrangement is shewn in plan at Fig. 3. In this case by means
of the elastic cup and band connected to the head or loop of the instru-
ment the hair will be prevented from uncoiling as before. Or if
desired four strands of wire may be employed to grip the hair and form
a core on which to roll it, the same or a similar contrivance to that
_described being used to secure the instrument in position. This
modification is illustrated at Fig. 4. In order to remove the instrument
from the hair it is only necessary to free its end from the cup attachment,
and it may then be withdrawn endwise like an ordinary hair pin.

page_text: Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of " Improvements
in the Manufacture of Hair Curling Instruments," and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim, the means above
described for coiling up locks of hair and retaining them in a coiled
state for the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lionel Henry Hanbury, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twelfth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
LIONEL HENRY HANBURY. (L.S.)