IMPROVEMENTS IN SAUCEPANS AND OTHER HOLLOWARE UTENSILS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL
DIECIFICATION.
..
We, CHARLES FREDERICK CLARK, of the firm of T. and C. Clark and Company,
of Shakespeare Foundry, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, holloware
manufacturers, and JOHN LEWIS DUBOIS, of 43 Lilleshall Road, Clapham, in the
County of Surrey, agent, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for,
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAUCEPANS AND OTHER HOLLOWARE UTENSILS, to be as
follows:-
Saucepans and other holloware utensils, when made of sheet metal, are found
usually to wear out most rapidly around the bottom edge, owing to the friction
occasioned by their use; and the chief object of this invention is to prevent the
wearing out of the bottoms in the manner described, by constructing saucepans and
other holloware utensils with bodies of sheet metal, and bottoms of cast iron, so that
such cast iron bottoms may act entirely as the bearing part of the utensils. When
a cast iron bottom is used in lieu of sheet iron or steel, it has the further advantage
(incidental to cast over wrought iron and steel) of not corroding so quickly.
A saucepan or other holloware utensil, having a sheet metal body, with a cast
iron bottom for the purpose above stated, may be conveniently made as follows:-
The cast iron bottom is formed with a shallow ledge around the upper edge thereof,
slanting (preferably) outwards. Around the top of this ledge is formed an exterior
rebate, and the outer edge of this rebate is formed as an exterior bead undercut or
quirked on the lower side where it joins the outer face of the ledge. The ledge is
made of sufficient depth to raise the underside of the bead and the thickness of sheet
metal thereunder (hereinafter described) clear of any surface upon which the utensil
would ordinarily be placed. The sheet metal body is first formed with an exterior
flange around its lower edge. The bottom of the body rests in the rebate, aforesaid,
and the metal of the exterior flange is spun or wheeled around the exterior bead on
the bottom of the utensil, and up into the undercut or quirked part thereof, by
which means the sheet metal body is securely fixed to the cast iron bottom. The
inner edge of the ledge around the bottom, and which is inside the utensil, is
rounded off. The after process of tioning, galvanizing, enamelling or otherwise

page_text: coating the utensil, assists in making a perfect joint between the sheet metal body
and the cast iron bottom.
The lowest part of the sheet metal, namely that underneath the bead around the
cast iron bottom, is raised, in the manner above-described, clear of any surface upon
which the utensil would ordinarily be placed, and thus the rubbing or frictional
wear is borne by the harder and thicker cast iron, instead of by the sheet metal..
We have described a convenient manner of constructing our improved holloware
utensils having sheet metal bodies and cast iron bottoms, but we do not limit our-
selves to the exact method, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of our invention; for instance, the cast iron bottoms may be cast around or
upon the sheet metal bodies.

page_text: We, CHARLES FREDERICK CLARK, of the firm of T. and C. Clark and Company,
of Shakespeare Foundry, Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, holloware
manufacturers, and JOHN LEWIS DUBOIS, of 43 Lilleshall Road, Clapham in the
County of Surrey, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for,
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAUCEPANS AND OTHER HOLLOWARE UTENSILS, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon:-
Saucepans and other holloware utensils, when made of sheet metal, are found
usually to wear out most rapidly around the bottom edge, owing to the friction
occasioned by their use, and this invention relates to simple and efficient methods
of fixing cast iron bottoms to such utensils, and also to means for preventing
corrosion or rusting at the parts where the bottoms and bodies join.
A cast iron bottom is fixed, according to one modification of this invention, to
a sheet metal body of a saucepan or other holloware utensil, in the manner shewn
by figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, which represents a saucepan shewn in
sectional elevation. A A is the sheet metal body and B the cast iron bottom. C is
a rim cast with the bottom B so as to stand up around the edge of the latter,
preferably slanting outwards in an upward direction inside as shewn at a a. bb is
a bead formed with and around the rim C. The sheet metal body A A of the
saucepan is formed with a shoulder c c around it to rest upon the bead b b of the
cast iron bottom, and is shaped out below the shoulder to pass over the bead in
order that the body and bottom may be placed in position to be fixed together.
"
The right-hand side of the figure shews the sheet-metal body A A of the sauce-
pan placed in position preparatory to being fixed to the cast iron bottom B. The
left-hand side shews the body and bottom as fixed together. To fix the body to
the bottom the lower edge d of the sheet metal is " spun or "wheeled "around
the lower side of the bead b b as shewn on the left-hand side of the figure, and the
bead is at such a level above the lower side of the bottom that the sheet metal
which is spun or wheeled thereunder is also above the lower side of the bottom as
shewn. The top edge of the rim C, preferably, tapers in section to a point or angle,
as shewn, so as not to form any obstruction within the utensil
When the saucepan is to be tinned or otherwise coated with metal inside, it is
preferred to so coat the upper surface of the bottom, including the inside and out-
side of the rim C, previously to fixing the parts together. Notwithstanding the
previous coating of the bottom, the interior of the saucepan is coated with the tin
or other metal after the parts are fixed together.
If the interior of the saucepan is to be enamelled or coated otherwise than with
metal, the bottom is fixed without being previously coated in the manner
described.
It is not essential that the rim C should rise above the top of the bead, though
it is preferred for it to do so, as tending to make a tighter and neater joint.
It will now be seen that according to the above-described method of fixing the
bodies and bottoms together, there is no liability for the bottoms to become loose;
and, also, that the lowest part of the sheet metal, namely that underneath the
bead bb, is raised above the underside of the cast iron bottom, so as to be clear of

page_text: any surface upon which the utensil would ordinarily be placed, and thus the
rubbing or frictional wear is borne entirely by the harder and thicker cast iron
instead of by the sheet metal.
It will be generally known that a cast iron bottom is less liable to corrosion than
one of sheet iron or steel.
The application of the above modification of this invention to other holloware
utensils besides saucepans will now be readily understood without need for special
description.
"
According to a "further modification of this invention, a cast iron bottom is
fixed to a sheet metal body of a "black" holloware utensil by being cast there-
around.
This modification is illustrated, according to one application, by figure 2 of the
accompanying drawings, which shews the connection of the lower edge of the sheet
metal of one side of a holloware utensil with the periphery of the cast iron bottom.
A is the sheet metal of the body, and is shewn to be curved or turned outwards at
its lower edge c¹. B₁ is the cast iron bottom, and b¹ a rim of metal, cast so as to
stand upon the bottom and to surround the curved lower edge of the body. a' is a
corresponding rim inside the saucepan.
Figure 3 illustrates an application of the modification last referred to, in which
the lower edge of the sheet metal body is curved inwards instead of outwards.
This application is convenient in cases in which the diameter of the body enlarges
in an upward direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. Holloware utensils having cast iron bottoms fixed to sheet metal bodies,
substantially in the manner described with reference to figure 1 of the drawings
herewith.
2. The combination in a cast iron bottom for a holloware utensil, of a raised rim
and external bead, substantially as and for the purpose herein described and shewn
by figure 1 of the drawings herewith.
3. A bead formed around a cast iron bottom for a holloware utensil, and so as to
be above the level of the underside of such bottom, substantially as and for the
purpose herein described and shewn by figure 1 of the drawings herewith.
4. An internal rim upon a cast iron bottom of a holloware utensil having a sheet
metal body, such rim slanting outwards in cross-section to a point or angle at its
top edge, substantially as and for the purpose herein described and shewn by the
drawings herewith.
5. A holloware utensil having a cast iron bottom tinned or otherwise coated
with metal previously to being fixed to a sheet metal body, substantially as and for
the purpose herein described.
6. A holloware utensil having an iron bottom cast upon or around a sheet metal
body, so as to fix such parts together, substantially as herein described and shewn,
in two applications, by figures 2 and 3 of the drawings herewith.
Dated this twenty-ninth day of Mov 1885
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton,
Agent for Applicants.