IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEEL TYRES AND OTHER SIMILAR HOOPS OR RINGS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Vital Daelen, of the New Steel Works, Bochum,
Province of Westphalia, Empire of Germany, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEEL TYRES AND OTHER SIMILAR
HOOPS OR RINGS."
Sealed the 29th April 1873, and dated the 10th February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Vital Daelen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th February 1873.
I, VITAL DAELEN, of the New Steel Works, Bochum, Province of
Westphalia, Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEEL TYRES AND
OTHER SIMILAR HOOPS OR RINGS," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of weldless tyres or hoops
out of a ring of cast steel or iron, in such a manner that during the
whole working or process the whole portion of a ring or tyre section,
that is to say, all the four sides of one section are subjected to
compression, and all particles or fibres of the material are equally com.
pressed.

page_text: According to my Invention I divide the manufacture into two separate
processes, first, the roughing process, and secondly, the finishing process
of the hoop or tyre.
The roughing is executed under a hammer or under a press, and the
tools used are so arranged that all the four sides of one section of the
ring or tyre are worked at once, and all particles or fibres of the material
of the section under compression are equally compressed. By means of
these tools a rough unfinished tyre with its complete flange is produced.
This rough unfinished tyre is afterwards finished under a rolling mill
which is constructed with the same intention, namely, to compress all
the four sides of a tyre section equally.
The finishing rolls work from the beginning to the end of the rolling
operation upon the four sides of the tyre section upon or against which
they are in contact, and one or several rollers move against the tyre in
such a manner that all particles of the section under pressure get
equally compressed. In order to execute this equal compression perfectly
the rollers are not moved against the tyre rectilineal and parallel. This
rectilineal and parallel motion of the rollers would only give an equal
compression of the material if the tyre section were rectangular; but
the section is trapezoidical, and therefore the feeding (moving against
the tyre section) of one or several rollers must be in a curve, so that for
instance, one third of the longer and one third of the shorter side of the
tyre section are simultaneously compressed.
In carrying my Invention into effect, I produce the inclined tyre face
line and its opposite side until they meet in a point. This point is the
centre of the swivelling motion for the roller or for the rollers. I guide
or move the roller or the rollers against the tyre section in a curve
depending upon the sectional shape of the tyre. Generally, I take the
arc of a circle, which answers sufficiently the common tyre sections.
The advantage derived from my system is that I produce tyres of a
superior quality to those made by any other method. The grain or fibre
of the material is very equal, because during the whole proceeding the
material is always compressed from four sides without any squeezing,
consequently the wear and tear are proportionately less, and all tensions
which are injurious to the strength are avoided.
In the annexed Drawings I shew at Figure 1 the arrangement of the
first part of my Invention the roughing of the tuna
A is the ring

page_text: which is to be widened out to a hoop or a tyre. This ring A. is moved
during the roughing process by hand or self-acting on the horn D. B in
the anvil, and C a stamp moved and pressed against the ring by means
of a hammer or a press. I arrange these tools vertically, like that shown
at Figure 1, or horizontally, and I move either C or B with its horn D
in a straight line or in a curve.
In Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 I shew different arrangements of rollers
for tyre-rolling mills which I apply to carry the second part of my
Invention into effect. C is the centre of the swivelling motion for the
rollers with their shafts marked A and B. Either I move the roller A
or the roller B against the tyre section, or I move both rollers A and B
together against the section.
The revolving motion of the rollers is quite independent of their
swivelling motion. I also apply any other curve for the swivelling
motion, instead of the arc of a circle; this depends upon the shape of
the tyre or hoop section.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Vital Daelen in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, VITAL
DAELEN, of the New Steel Works, Bochum, Province of Westphalia,
Empire of Germany, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Vital Daelen, Her special
licence that I, the said Vital Daelen, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Vital Daelen, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEEL TYRES AND OTHER SIMILAR HOOPS OR RINGS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Vital Daelen,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Vital Daelen, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of weldless tyres or hoops
out of a ring of cast steel or iron, in such a manner that during the
whole working or process the whole portion of a ring or tyre section,
that is to say, all the four sides of one section are subjected to
compression, and all particles or fibres of the material are equally com-
pressed.
According to my Invention I divide the manufacture into two separate
processes, first, the roughing process, and secondly, the finishing process
of the hoop or tyre.
The roughing is executed under a hammer or under a press, and the
tools used are so arranged that all the four sides of one section of the
ring or tyre are worked at once, and all particles or fibres of the material
of the section under compression are equally compressed. By means of
these tools a rough unfinished tyre with its complete flange is produced.
This rough unfinished tyre is afterwards finished under a rolling mill,
which is constructed with the same intention, namely, to compress all
the four sides of a tyre section equally.
The finishing rolls work from the beginning to the end of the rolling
operation upon the four sides of the tyre section upon or against which
they are in contact, and one or several rollers move against the tyre in
such a manner that all particles of the section under pressure get
equally compressed. In order to execute this cqual compression perfectly

page_text: the rollers are not moved against the tyre in a rectilineal and parallel
manner. This rectilineal and parallel motion of the rollers would only
give an equal compression of the material if the tyre section were
rectangular; but the section is trapezoidial, and therefore the feeding
(moving against the tyre section) of one or several rollers must be in a
curve, so that, for instance, 3rd of the longer and 3rd of the shorter
side of the tyre section are simultaneously compressed.
In carrying my Invention into effect, I produce the inclined tyre face
line and its opposite side until they meet in a point. This point is the
centre of the swivelling motion for the roller or for the rollers. I guide
or move the roller or the rollers against the tyre section in a curve
depending upon the sectional shape of the tyre. Generally, I take the
arc of a circle which answers sufficiently the common tyre sections.
The advantage derived from my system is that I produce tyres of a
superior quality to those made by any other method. The grain or fibre
of the material is very equal, because during the whole proceeding the
material is always compressed from four sides without any squeezing,
consequently the wear and tear are proportionately less, and all tensions
which are injurious to the strength are avoided.
In Sheet 1 of the Drawings I have illustrated the anvil and hammer
block used for forging or pressing tyres or hoops according to the first
part of my Invention.
Figure 1 is a side view, and Figure 2 a front view. A is the ring which
is to be widened out to a tyre or hoop; B is the anvil with the horn D
to support the ring; C, the block fixed on the hammer block. By this
arrangement all the four sides of one section of the ring are worked at
once, the flange of a tyre is completely forged out by means of the
particular construction of the working parts of the block C.
In Sheets 1 and 2 I have illustrated the best arrangement of machinery
with which I am acquainted for carrying the second part of my In-
vention into effect, namely, the rolling mill for finishing tyres or hoops.
Eigure 3 is an elevation, and Figure 4 a plan of the rolling mill.
A is the inside roller, which is driven by the bevil wheels F and G off
the shaft H, which receives its power by an engine; B is the roller to
shape the face of the tyre or hoop. This roller is fixed in the strong
frame J, which is pressed against the tyre or hoop by means of gearing
driven by a pair of small engines, as shown in the Drawings. I also

page_text: apply hydraulic power instead of steam power for moving the frame J
with the face roller against the tyre or hoop. The frame J consists of
two parts, which are connected together by a swallow tail, as shown in
the plan. The part which carries the roller B can slide in the curved
swallow-tailed slot which connects both parts of the frame. During the
horizontal motion of the frame also a vertical sliding motion is given to
the fore part of the frame J with its roller, so that the roller B moves
in a curve against the tyre or hoop face. The horizontal motion of the
frame J and the vertical sliding motion of the fore part of this frame are
worked simultaneously by means of the gearing driven by the small
engines, as shown in the Drawings. C, C, are two rollers which fix the
diameter of the tyre or hoop to be rolled and keep it in true circular
shape. These rollers are pressed against the tyre or hoop face during
the rolling by hand power. D, D, are two guide rollers; E, E, two
horizontal rollers to work upon the upper and lower surface of the tyre
or hoop. These rollers E, E, are driven by gearing K and pinion L
which is keyed on the driving shaft H. They are pressed against the
tyre or hoop by hand power by means of the hand wheel M¹. The
rollers E, E, are carried in bearings on the frame M, which is connected
with the piston rods N, N, of the hyrdraulic cylinders O, O. The guide
rollers D, D, are fixed in jaws which slide on rails P, P, fixed to the
frame M, and also slide on guides Q, Q, fixed to the foundation beams.
Thus the horizontal motion of the frame M depends upon the horizontal
motion of the guide rollers, and therefore upon the diameter of the tyre
or hoop which is under operation. During the operation the frame M
with its rollers D, D, is pressed against the tyre or hoop by means of
hydraulic pressure applied to the cylinders O, O, and after the tyre or
hoop is finished the frame M is drawn back also by means of the
hydraulic cylinders.
-
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,—
Firstly. The method of forging or pressing tyres or similar hoops or
rings with a complete flange, in which during the whole operation all
four sides of a section are under compression and worked at the same
time, as described.
Secondly. The guiding of one or several rollers in a tyre or ring
rolling mill, so that the roller or rollers move against the tyre or hoop to
be rolled in any curve, as described and shown.

page_text: Thirdly. The arrangements and combinations of the parts of the
machinery herein-before described and shown for carrying the first and
second processes or portions of my Invention into execution.
In witness whereof, I, the said Vital Daelen, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of July One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-three.
second processes or portions of my Invention into execution.
In witness whereof, I, the said Vital Daelen, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of July One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-three.