Improvements in Apparatus for Supporting and Working Centrifugal Machines such as Cream Separators and the like.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Sept., 1886
Complete Left, 27th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 22nd July, 1887.
Improvements in Apparatus for Supporting and Working Centrifugal
Machines such as Cream Separators and the like.
I, CARL GUSTAF PATRIK DE LAVAL, of Alandsgatan 14, Stockholm, Sweden, M.A.
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a practical and compact apparatus for
supporting and operating vertically mounted centrifugal machines such as cream
separators, emulsifiers and the like, by hand power, the arrangement being such as to
enable very rapid rotary motion to be imparted to such machines by the turning of a
handle at moderate speed. In the accompanying sheet of drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical
section of apparatus according to this invention applied to a De Laval's cream separator,
and Fig. 2 a horizontal section in the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents the pinion
and a part of the driving wheel of the spur gearing in plan. Figs. 4 and 5 show in
elevation and plan a modified form of pinion and driving wheel with teeth oblique or
inclined instead of straight or parallel to the axis.
a is a crank handle, b, c bevel gearing, by which the motion is transferred from the
crank handle to the upright shaft de, is spur gearing with teeth straight or
oblique (that is parallel or inclined to the axes of the respective wheels) for trans-
mitting the motion from the shaft d to the shaft g. This latter shaft is connected
by a friction coupling to the shaft i of the cream separator l. (m is the inlet
pipe for the milk, and n, o are the ordinary receptacles for the cream and the
skimmed milk.) p is the stand, kits base, q a plate supporting the step r and the
frames of the bearings for the shaft g; t is a bracket supporting a casing u sur-
rounding the rotary vessel of the separator. The bottom of the casing u is represented
as provided with a bearing for the shaft i, but this bearing may be arranged in the
bracket if preferred.
In using the apparatus the crank handle a is turned, and by the gearing a rapid
rotary motion is imparted to the shaft and to the apparatus connected therewith.

page_text: Although there are only two pairs of toothed wheels in this apparatus, the necessary
speed can be imparted to the shaft i without turning the crank handle a more than
about thirty revolutions a minute. Nevertheless the stand is of small dimensions.
This results from providing the gearing e, f with very small teeth such as illustrated,
that is to say, by giving the gearing a smaller pitch than has so far as I know
heretofore been employed in any other machine intended for common practical
use.
This gearing, which is located in the lower part of the stand and is in the
example shown in the drawing entirely enclosed in the base of the stand, imparts to
the apparatus nearly eighteen and a half revolutions for every revolution of the
shaft d, or when the shaft d makes three hundred and eighty revolutions the shaft g
or i, situated less than 7 inches apart from d, makes more than seven thousand
revolutions.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Supporting and Working Centrifugal
Machines such as Cream Separators and the like.
I, CARL GUSTAF PATRIK DE LAVAL, late of Alandsgatan 14, now of Master-
Samuelsgatan 14, Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, M.A., Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a practical and compact apparatus for
supporting and operating vertically mounted centrifugal machines such as cream
separators, emulsifiers, and the like, by hand power, the arrangement being such as to
enable very rapid rotary motion to be imparted to such machines by the turning of a
handle at moderate speed.
Referring to the drawings filed with my provisional specification;
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of apparatus according to this invention applied
to a de Laval's cream separator; and Fig. 2 a horizontal section in the line 2-2 of
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 represents the pinion and a part of the driving wheel of the spur gearing in
plan.
Figs. 4 and 5 show in elevation and plan a modified form of pinion and driving
wheel with teeth oblique or inclined instead of straight or parallel to the axis.
a is a crank handle, b, c, bevel gearing, by which the motion is transferred from the
crank handle to the upright shaft d; e, f, is spur gearing with teeth straight or oblique
(that is parallel or inclined to the axes of the respective wheels) for transmitting the
motion from the shaft d to the shaft J.
h
This latter shaft is connected by a friction coupling to the shaft of the cream
separator 1. m is the inlet pipe for the milk, and n, o are the ordinary receptacles for
the cream and the skimmed milk. p is the stand, kits base, a plate supporting the
step r and the frames of the bearings for the shaft g; t is a bracket supporting a
casing u surrounding the rotary vessel of the separator.
The bottom of the casing u is represented as provided with a bearing & for the
shaft i, but this bearing may be arranged in the bracket if preferred.
In using the apparatus the crank handle a is turned, and by the gearing a
rapid rotatory motion is imparted to the shaft i and to the apparatus connected
therewith.
Although there are only two pairs of toothed wheels in this apparatus, the necessary
speed can be imparted to the shaft i without turning the crank handle a more than
about 30 revolutions a minute. Nevertheless the stand is of small dimensions. This
results from providing the gearing e. f, with very small teeth such as illustrated,
that is to say, by giving the gearing a smaller pitch than has, so far as I know,
heretofore been employed in any other machine intended for common practical use.

page_text: This gearing, which is located in the lower part of the stand and is in the example
shewn in the drawing entirely enclosed in the base of the stand, imparts to the apparatus
nearly 18 revolutions for every revolution of the shaft d, or when the shaft d makes
380 revolutions the shaft g or i situated less than 7 inches apart from d makes more
than 7000 revolutions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The use for working a centrifugal machine such as a cream separator, an
emulsifier, or the like, of an arrangement of two shafts and gearing such as hereinabove
described, one such shaft when driven through the bevel gear from the crank handle
imparting rapid rotary motion to the other-the main shaft of the centrifugal machine
by means of the spur gearing of small pitch and great ratio, the spur gear with its
bearings being located in the lower part of a stand and the bevel gear and crank handle
with their bearings on a pillar on the base of the stand substantially as described with
reference to the drawings.
2. The stand for apparatus such as referred to in the preceding claim for driving
vertically mounted centrifugal apparatus by hand power, comprising a base covering
the cylindrical gearing with its bearings, a pillar rising from the base carrying the
bearings for the bevel gearing and the crank handle together with a bracket supporting
a casing for the main part of the centrifugal apparatus, and a bearing for its shaft,
substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 27th day of May 1887.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.