Year: 1885

page_text: I, HENRY STANDEN of 1 Charlton Villas, Harlesden in the Parish of Willesden
in the County of Middlesex, Builder & Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
The Silicons consisting of Quartz, Flints, Sands, or Felspar, should be taken
varying in proportion according to the different purposes for which they are
required ranging between 40 and 90 per cent.
The Limes or Calciums consisting of Chalk, Limestone, Marble Calc spar, Flour
spar, Gypsum or Selenite varying in proportions between 2 and 35 per cent.
The Salts consisting of Salt Cake, Chloride of Sodium, Sodium Sulphate Sodium
Carbonate, Potash or Alumina varying in proportions between 2 and 35 per cent.
The Oxides consisting of the Oxide of Lead, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Antimony,
Arsenic or Tin varying in proportions between 1 and 30 per cent.
The Carbonates consisting of the Carbonate of Calcium, Sodium Potash Iron
Lead or Manganese varying in proportions from 1 to 30 per cent.
Any of the above mentioned ingredients that may be required for the different
purposes shall only be taken, for example it is possible to produce a glass out of
two compounds only.
.
The compounds to be taken and mixed together by hand mill or other machinery
with a sufficient addition of water to make it into a compact mass, when required
it shall be pressed in a press mould or otherwise.
After which it should be thoroughly dried by utilising the waste heat from the
furnace or furnaces, or otherwise.
When thoroughly dry it should be put into a blast or other furnace with a
sufficient quantity of fuel to melt the composition whereby it will by gravitation
and burning away of fuel descend to hearth or tank at bottom of furnace.
When
it can be cleared from all scum or other foreign matter through openings made
close to the bottom of the furnace.

page_text: When a sufficient quantity has been collected it can be drawn off into another
or outer tank..
To be kept at a proper heat for working by being enclosed and having a furnace
under, above, or around, or otherwise.
The proper heat varying according to the mass or otherwise of the substance
required for the different operations or articles.
Such as follows
For the making of Pipes, Tiles, Bricks Blocks for Building, Blocks for Sewers,
Slabs &c for Urinals, Slabs and bricks for Paving, Mouldings for Cornices Pillars
Arches &c and for any purpose that a durable, strong, and sanitary article is
required.

page_text: The Manufacture of Glass for Sanitary and other Purposes.
I, HENRY STANDEN of 1 Charlton Villas in the Parish of Willesden in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The Silicon, Lime, Salts, Oxides, and Carbonates, to be taken in the proportions
varying according to the purposes for which they are required.
The Silicon consisting of Quartz, Flints, Sand or Felspar should be taken
varying in proportions according to the different purposes for which they are
required ranging between 40 and 90 per cent.
The Lime or Calcium consisting of Chalk, Limestone, Marble, Calc spar, Fluor
spar, Gypsum or Selenite varying in proportions between 2 and 35 per cent.
The Salts consisting of Salt cake Chloride of Sodium, Sodium Sulphate, Sodium
Carbonate, Potash or Alumina varying in proportions between 2 and 35 per cent.
The Oxides consisting of the Oxides of Lead, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Antimony,
Arsenic, or Tin varying in proportions between 1 and 30 per cent.
The Carbonates consisting of the Carbonates of Calcium, Sodium, Potash, Iron,
Lead, or Manganese varying in proportions between 1 and 30 per cent.
Any of the above mentioned ingredients that may be required for the different
purposes shall only be taken, For example it is possible to produce a glass out of
two compounds only.
The proportions being for the manufacture of Pipes, Tiles &c not having a
greater thickness than one tenth of there superficial area or diameter, about
One Hundred parts of pure white Sand, Thirty Five parts of Lime and Fourty
parts of Soda or Sodium in one form or another.
The compounds to be taken and mixed together the Salts being dissolved in a
sufficient quantity of water to make the other compounds into a compact mass, 30
as when the water as been driven off by evaporation or drying, it should resemble
a quantity of dried morter and be sufficiently hard enough to withstand a con-
siderable pressure without crushing, and when required it should be pressed so as
to make it more compact, the mixture having to be placed next to the fuel for the
purpose of melting.
The proportions for Brick for Paving, Building and other purposes, containing
a larger quantity of Sand or Silicon, the Oxides being required for colouring
purposes such as ornamental bricks, mouldings, &c.
When thoroughly dry it should be put into a blast or other furnace with a
sufficient quantity of fuel to melt the composition whereby it will by gravitation
and burning away of the fuel descend to the hearth or tank at the bottom of the
furnace, when it can be cleared from all scum and other foreign matter, through
openings made close to the bottom of the furnace.
When a sufficient quantity has been collected it can be used direct from the
furnace or drawn off into another or outer tank too be kept at a proper temperature
or heat for working by being enclosed and having a furnace under above or around
the tank

page_text: When ready it can be cast into moulds worked by hand or spun, as clay upon
a potters lathe, the moulds being first brought to a proper tenprature for receiving
the glass.
The proper heat varying according to the mass of the substance required for the
different operations or articles.
Such as follows.
For the making of Pipes, Tiles, Bricks, Blocks for Building, Blocks for Sewers,
Slabs for Urinals, Slabs and Bricks for Paving, Mouldings for Cornices, Pillars,
Arches, &c. and for any purpose that a durable strong and sanitary article is
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is,
•
1st. The production of a material to supersede that produced from clay, at a
cost a trifle in excess of articles made from the better classes of clay.
2nd. The articles being composed of glass do not require glazing to protect them
from the weather, temperature, dampness, or disentegration.
3rd. That it can be moulded or worked truer to pattern than clays.
4th. That it will last longer than clay in the ground or out..
5th. That Sewer gas will not accumulate to such an extent as in clay articles.
6th. That the strength is superior than clay.
7th. That it is the purest sanitary article that can be produced.
Dated this 21st day of September 1886.