Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th July, 1592—-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
I, KARL KRNKA, of 44 Halkova-Trida Kral, Vinohrady, Prague, in the
Kingdom of Bohemia, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
It is well known that in almost all type-writing machines the writing paper has
to pass between two rollers. One of the rollers serves as the backing against which
the types strike, and is called the paper roller" whilst the other one which is
usually of smaller diameter presses the writing paper against the paper roller, and
is called the pressure roller."
These rollers are usually manufactured of india-rubber or the like, and are so
arranged as to press against each other throughout their lengths, so as to feed
various widths of paper.
Type-writing machines may be divided into two classes:
First, those in which the paper is printed after it has passed between the rollers.
In this class of machines, belong the "Caligraph," and "Yost."
23.
Second, those in which the paper is printed before it passes between the rollers.
In these machines, the freshly written line is pressed by the rollers. The Fitch
and other machines belong to this class.
My invention relates more particularly to the second class of type-writing
machines.
It follows, as a matter of course, that when a freshly written line passes between
the rollers, a portion of the ink will adhere to the pressure roller, and make an
impression thereon, and, as the paper is fed forward, this transferred impression, is
apt to blur the subsequent writing and also mark or smudge the paper.
At present,
to prevent this, it is usual to put very little ink on the types, but this, again, results
in the production of a weak and faded impression.
My invention is designed to obviate these difficulties, and to enable sharp and
dark printing to be produced, without maculating the paper.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon:
Figs. 1 and 2 are, respectively, side and end views of the ordinary rollers.
Figs. 3 and 4 are, respectively, side and end views of my improved rollers.
Figs. 5 and 6 are, respectively, side and end views of my improved rollers, and
showing a narrow sheet of paper as being printed.
Referring to the drawings-Pa, is the paper roller. Pr, is the pressure roller.
To give a sufficient space between the paper roller Pa, and the pressure roller Pr,
(Fig. 3), so as to prevent the blurring of a written line, I make both ends of the
pressure roller of enlarged diameter. This may be done either by making the
roller with collars on it, or by fitting small rolls R 1, R2 at each end. With this
arrangement, the pressure roller only touches the paper roller at the ends, so that
a sheet of paper, the full width of the roller, is only gripped at the edges. The
printing ofly extends the width of the space Z between the rolls; the narrow spaces,
which are pressed on by the rollers, form blank margins at each side of the paper.
A small roll R 3, equal in diameter to the rolls R1, R2, is or may be also fitted
on the pressure roller. This roll R 3 is fitted loosely on the pressure roller, and
can be slid back and forward from side to side. When a narrow sheet of paper B
has to be written on, this roll R 3 is slid along so as to press on the inner edge of
the paper, as shown at Fig. 5. The writing paper B can now be fed forward, and
the printed line Z1, Z2, passes between the rolls R2, R3, without being pressed
upon, and therefore it is not blurred.

page_text: The rolls R1, R2, may be loose on the pressure roller Pr.
In this case, the
roll R3 may be dispensed with, and, when a narrow sheet of paper has to be
printed, it must be placed in the centre of the rollers, and the rolls be moved along,
so as to press on it.
The rolls may be made of metal, paper, india-rubber, or other suitable material.
The rolls may be of large diameter, and be fitted on the paper roller, instead of
on the pressure roller.
The invention can also be applied with advantage to the first class of type-
writing machines, as, for instance, when it is desired to pass on to the writing of a
subsequent sheet or page, before the previous one is dry."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
The application of one or more movable rolls or short tubes to the pressure
or paper rollers of type-writing machines, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
Dated this 14th day of July 1805
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.