of Sanitary and other Socket Pipes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 31st Dec., 1888
of Sanitary and other Socket Pipes..
We JOHN EDWIN PLACE and WILLIAM HENRY PLACE of the firm of Joseph Place
and Sons of Hoddleston near Darwen Sanitary Pipe Makers and JESHURUN COULTHURST
of 51 Blackburn Road Darwen Engineer, all in the County of Lancaster do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines which are used in the manufacture of sanitary
and other socket pipes from clay and by which the clay is expressed from a cylinder
provided with a suspended core and the improvements are applicable to that part of
the apparatus which forms the socket at the end of such pipes.
We employ a die as usual for the formation of the outside of the socketted end of
the pipe, this die being attached by any convenient means to the lower end of the
cylinder containing the clay. We do not however provide the die with any means for
retaining the socket head and the follower or table while the socket is being formed,
but we mount the said socket. head and follower or table upon the end of a hydraulic
ram working in a suitable cylinder firmly fixed at a suitable distance from the die or
mouth of the clay cylinder. We further support the said follower or tablo by stay
rods (or their equivalents) fixed to an annular or other suitable guide sliding over the
outside of the hydraulic cylinder and by preference we counterbalance the weight of
the socket head and its adjuncts by suitable weights suspended by cords ropes or chains
passing over pulleys.
The hydraulic cylinder is in communication by means of a suitable valve with a
column of water contained in a pipe fitted at its upper end with a number of vertical
branch pipes each connected thereto by a tap or valve.
The height of the main pipe is such that when filled with water sufficient to rise a
short distance above all the taps of the before named branch pipes, the weight of the
column of water is sufficient when admitted to the bydraulic cylinder to move the run
and raise the follower or table, and the socket head when the latter reaches and enters
tho die.

page_text: As soon as the die can go no higher the communication valve is closed and a small
valve or tap in connection with a forco pump or accumulator is then opened and
sufficient pressure is obtained to prevent the formation of any "fin" or "fringe"
whilst the socket is being made.
When the socket is formed the extra pressure is shut off, the communication valve is
opened and the pressure on the clay in the cylinder forces down the socket head,
follower or table and the ram, thereby displacing the water and causing it to riso
again up the main pipe. It will be evident that as the water rises in this pipe. the
back pressure against the clay pipe which is being made increases as the weight of the
pipe formed increases with its length.
Should the tap or valve of one or more of these branch pipes be closed when they
are empty the water will consequently rise higher when forced back into the remaining
open branch pipes and thus more pressure can be applied according to the size, weight
and strength of the pipe to be formed.
We also employ a slide pipe connected to the main pipe by a suitable stuffing box,
and provided at its upper end with a small cistern or tank.
"
This slide pipe is raised or lowered according to the size of the clay pipe to be made,
until the cistern is at the height to which the level of the water rises in the branch
pipes as before described; and thus when the clay pipe is formed and requires to be
lowered still further for its removal the water rises in this cistern or tank and decreases
the pressure which would otherwise he necessary to lower the ram.
This apparatus is very convenient for changing the dies for the various sizes of
pipes required, as it will be evident that they can be carried up and down by the ram,
the hydraulic cylinder being in communication with a convenient separate source
of water pressure; for example the pump which supplies the steam boiler may be
employed for this purpose.
Dated him oth --- f 1000
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: of Sanitary and other Socket Pipes.
We, JOHN EDWIN PLACE and WILLIAM HENRY PLACE of the firm of Joseph Place
and Sons of Hoddlesden near Darwen, Sanitary Pipe Makers and JESHURUN
COULTHURST of 51 Blackburn Road, Darwen, Engineer, all in the County of Lancaster
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to machines which are used in the manufacture of sanitary
and other socket pipes from clay, and by which the clay is expressed from a cylinder
provided with a suspended core, and the improvements are chiefly applicable to that
part of the apparatus which forms the socket at the end of such pipes.
The nature of our invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed
or carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings and the following explanation thereof.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation (partly in section) of so much of a pipe making machine
as is necessary to illustrate our invention and Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same
with the clay cylinder and other old parts removed in order more clearly to show our
improvements.
a is part of the framing of the machine, b the clay cylinder, c the piston of the
same, and d the piston rods connecting the piston c with the piston in the steam
cylinder; cx is the suspended core.
We employ a die e as usual for the formation of the outside of the socketted end of
the pipe, this die being attached by any convenient means to the lower end of the
cylinder 6 containing the clay.
We do not however provide the die e with any means for retaining the socket head f
and the follower or table g while the socket is being formed, but we mount the said
socket head fand follower or table g upon the upper end of a hydraulic ram h working
in a suitable cylinder i firmly fixed at a suitable distance from the die e or mouth of
the clay cylinder b.
We further support the said follower or table g by stay rodsk (or other equivalents)
fixed to an annular or other suitable guide sliding over the outside of the hydraulic
cylinder i, and by preference we counterbalance the weight of the socket head and its
adjuncts by suitable weights m suspended by cords ropes or chains n passing over
pulleys o.
with a
The hydraulic cylinder is in communication by means of a suitable valve
column of water contained in a pipe 9 connected at its upper end with a horizontal
main pipes and a number of vertical branch pipes t, each connected thereto by a tap
or valve u.
The height of the main pipe s is such that when filled with water sufficient to rise a
short distance above all the taps of the before-named branch pipes t the weight of the

page_text: column of water is sufficient when admitted to the hydraulic cylinder i to move the
ram h and raise the follower or table g and the socket head when the latter reaches
and enters the die e.
As soon as the follower and socket head f can go no higher the communication
valve p (Fig. 1) is closed and a sunall valve or tap on a pipe t in connection with a
force pump or accumulator is then opened and sufficient pressure is obtained to prevent
the formation of any "fin" or "fringe" whilst the socket is being made.
When the socket is formed this extra pressure is shut off, the communication valve p
is opened and the pressure on the clay in the cylinder 6 forces down the socket head f,
follower or table g and the ram h, thereby displacing the water and causing it to rise
again up the main pipo 8.
It will be evident that as the water risos in this pipe the back pressure against the
clay pipe which is being made increases as the weight of the pipe formed increases
with its length.
Should the tap or valve u of one or more of the branch pipes t, be closed, when
they are empty, the water will consequently rise higher when forced back into the
remaining open branch pipes and thus more pressure can be applied according to the
size weight and strength of pipe to be formed.
We also employ a slide pipe w (see Fig. 2) connected to the main pipes by a
suitable stuffing box a and connected at its upper end with a small cistern or tank Y.
This slide pipe is raised or lowered according to the size of the clay pipe to be made,
until the cistern is at the height to which the level of the water rises in the branch
pipes as before described; and thus when the clay pipe is formed and requires to be
lowered still further for its removal the water rises in this cistern or tank y and
decreases the pressure which would otherwise be necessary to lower the ram.
Our invention is very convenient for changing the dies for the various sizes of pipes
required as it will be evident that they can be carried up and down by the ram, the
hydraulic cylinder being in communication with a convenient separate source of water
pressure for example the pump which supplies the steam boiler may be employed for
this purpose.
An air valve preferably automatic (opening inwards) must be fitted to the die e as
shown at Fig. 1. so as to admit air above the shoulder of the socket to allow it to leave
the die in making the body of the pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what wo
claim is:
First. The use of hydraulic apparatus substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by the drawings annexed for the purpose of raising and locking the socket
head and follower in machines for making clay or earthenware socketed pipes.
Secondly. The combination with such hydraulic apparatus of a series of vertical
branch pipes fitted with valves substantially as herein before described for the purpose
of regulating the height or pressure of the column of water in accordance with the
weight of the socketed pipe being formed by the machine.
Thirdly. The combination with a hydraulic ram carrying the socket head and
follower (in a machine for making earthenware socketed pipes) of a vertical slide
pipe fitted with a cistern at its upper end substantially in the manner and for the
purpose hereinbefore described.
Dated this 7th day of No. 1000