IMPROVEMENTS IN GRAINING AND MARBLING SURFACES, AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GRAINING AND MARBLING SURFACES, AND IN THE MEANS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR."-A communication from abroad by John J.
Callow, of Oleveland, County of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio,
United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Molville
Clark at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 11th March 1873.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
5 County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRAINING AND MARBLING SURFACES,
AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOB," to be as follows:—
-
This Invention relates to and consists in a new and improved method
of graining the imitations of woods and marbles by the use of stencil

page_text: plates made to the desired pattern of the grain of the wood or marble to
bo imitated.
I will now describe the means employed to carry out this method.
A primary object consists in making the surface or surfaces of the
stencil plates sufficiently rough and irregular by puncturing or indenting 5
or any other way to improve the appearance of the graining, and to have
the effect of protecting the surface of the plates from marring or soiling
the surfaces of the work intended to be grained, as will be herein-after
moro fully described.
The stencil graining tool or plate is made of thin stencil, brass, steel, 1
or any other suitable metal cut, pressed, or cast in any desired shape or
pattern of graining with the before-mentioned punctured or indented
surface, either cut in or pressed, out, and is provided with small steel
corner pins to keep the plate in position while in operation, which pins
are kept in their places by turning or bending over a small portion of 1
the plate on their heads. These small punctures or dented points on
the surface of the tools or plates are to improve the graining and protect
a portion of the surface intended to be left untouched from being marred
or soiled while rubbing the surface of the plate and pattern with a
rubber or cloth to clean out the pattern, which would be otherwise 2
marred and soiled without the irregular or punctured surface.
It is designed to make various patterns to slide and fit any placo, and
to match or correspond with each other to show a variety of design,
there being a number of plates to form a full set of graining tools to
suit the patterns and grain of the wood or marbles required.
21
The successive steps to be taken in carrying out this method are as
follows: I rub in or coat with an ordinary painter's brush the doors or
work intended to be grained with any desired graining color; then I
apply the tools or plates flat on the surface, and firmly, by means of the
pins, and rub over the entire pattern or tool with a rubber cloth or any 8(
suitable pad; I then take off the plate, and with the ordinary tools or
combs heretofore used by grainers I complete it to my satisfaction.
•
In the meantime while operating with the plate the indentations or
erasures on the surface of the tool or plate improves the appearance of
the graining and protects the underneath surface of the work, which is 3
wet coated, from being injured or soiled while the pattern or design is

page_text: rubbed clean out to the painted ground with the cloth or pad. By this
method all kinds of difficult graining may be executed by unskilled
persons with all the facility of practical grainers, and can be used on any
size or shape of door or wainscot, which no other machine has been
3 known to do before.
By the methods heretofore in use graining is laborious, tedious, and
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patont,
filed by the said Alexander Molvillo Clark in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,' ALEXANDER
MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in tho
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
givo and grant unto me, the said Alexander Melville Clark, Her special
licence that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander
Melville Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRAINING AND MARBLING SURFACES, AND IN THE MEANS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR," a communication to me from abroad by John J.
Callow, of Cleveland, County of Ouyahoga, and State of Ohio, United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said

page_text: of the surface intended to be left untouched while rubbing the surface
of the plate and pattern with a rubber or cloth to clean out the pattern,
which would be otherwise marred and soiled without the irregular or
punctured surface.
It is designed to make various patterns to slide and fit any place, and
to match, or correspond with each other to show a variety of design,
there being a number of plates to form a full set of graining tools to
suit the patterns and grain of the wood or marbles required.
The successive steps to be taken in carrying out this method are as
follows:-I rub in or coat with an ordinary painter's brush the doors or
work intended to be grained with any desired graining color; then I
apply the tool or plates A flat on the surface, and firmly by means of
the pins D, D; I then rub over the entire pattern or tool with a rubber
cloth or any suitable pad; I then take off the plato and with the
3 ordinary tools, combs, &c., heretofore used by grainers I complete it to
my satisfaction.
In the meantime, while operating with the plate, the indontations or
erasures on the surface of the tool or plate improves the appearance of
the graining and protects the underneath surface of the work, which is
wet coated, from being injured or soiled while the pattern or design is
rubbed clean out to the painted grounds with the cloth or pad. By this
method all kinds of difficult graining may be executed by unskilled
persons with all the facility of practical grainers, and can be used on
any size or shape of door or wainscot, which no other machine has been
5 known to do before.
By the methods heretofore in public use graining is laborious, tedious,
and limited to a few individuals, thus making it costly and troublesome
and not within the reach of all classes.
Having described the nature of the Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as the
Invention to be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is, the method above described of graining, namely, by first
painting the color of the wood to bo imitated on the door, panel, or
other article to be grained; second, immediately thereafter covering the
same with a pattern plate perforated all over at short intervals; third,
rubbing the said plate with a rubber cloth or pad; these several steps

page_text: being taken in the order specified, and the grained surface then being
finished off in the usual manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
Witness,
HENRY W. DEWEY,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
A. M. CLARK. (L.S.)