CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING OR SLUBBING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HARDMAN, of Farnworth, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Spindle
and Fly Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-seventh day of August, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-one, in the fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Hardman, Her special
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Samuel
Hardman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others as I,
the said Samuel Hardman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no other from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
usc, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick
upon Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR ROVING OR SLUBBING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Samuel
Hardman, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six months next and immediately

page_text: after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear:
:
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Hardman, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say:
My improvements in machinery or apparatus for roving and slubbing cotton
and other fibrous substances apply solely to the flyer usually employed in that
description of roving and slubbing machine now denominated presser frames
or machines. It is well known to persons conversant with cotton-preparing
machinery that these machines are so called in consequence of one arm of the
flyer being provided with a small presser lever for the purpose of laying the
roving in a firm and compact state, and have been almost universally adopted in
consequence of their advantages over the former roving and slubbing machinery.
In slubbing and roving presser machines it is a most desirable object to run the
spindle with a regular steadiness throughout the entire formation of the bobbin
of rovings, and with the ordinary presser flyer this is impossible; for as the
roving accumulates on the bobbin and its diameter increases, the equilibrium of
the spindle and flyer becomes destroyed, as the flyer is only provided with the
presser lever on one side or leg, and the greater the expansion of the presser
lever the more unsteady the spindle becomes. My improvement in the flyer
is intended entirely to obviate this imperfection, and consists in furnishing
each leg or side of the flyer with a presser lever, so that the flyer is at all
times balanced, and the action upon the accumulating diameter of the bobbin
perfectly equalized; consequently as the bobbin increases in diameter, both the
pressers on the sides or legs of the flyer expand simultaneously and in similar
proportions, so that the spindle is thus kept perfectly steady throughout. The
advantages will at once be evident to the practical spinner, as the wear and
tear of the spindles is very considerably reduced, and they may be driven to
the speed of two hundred revolutions per minute more than those used in the
common presser machines. I have attached to these Presents a Sheet of
Drawings, representing a front view (Fig. No. 1) and side view (Fig. No. 2)
of my improved flyer with spindle and bobbin complete, as it may be supposed
to have been removed from a roving frame. The spindle a, a, supports the
'flyer b, b, as usual, which has its two legs or sides formed exactly similar; and
are each furnished with a presser lever c, c, being both made to act against the
bobbin or roving d, d, by means of the springs e; e, attached to the arms of the
Aver.