In- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR CASTING OF TOOLS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Archibald Munro, of Arbroath, in the County of
Forfar, North Britain, and William Bennet Adamson, of Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, for the Invention of "In-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR CASTING OF TOOLS,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Archibald Muuro and
William Bennet Adamson at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 13th July 1868.
We, ARCHIBALD MUNRO, of Arbroath, in the County of Forfar, North
Britain, and WILLIAM BENNET ADAMSON, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR CASTING OF TOOLS," to be as
follows, that is to say;-
This Invention which relates to the application of chilled cast iron
as the material of which tools are made, such as are used for cutting,
dressing, or finishing wood, metals, minerals, fibrous substance, as well
as for digging or cultivating land, including also hammers, picks, as
well as tools of abrasion and penetration, consists as follows:-The iron

page_text: from which the tools are to be manufactured is melted in any suitable
furnace and then poured into chills made to the required form and
size of tools desired to be produced, the effect being to instantly
convert the iron into a very hard and dense material capable of
receiving, by grinding or otherwise, a sharp and keen edge, point or
points, or other operating extremities or terminations that may be
requisite. To render tools thus made very hard, in place of allowing
them to cool down in the chills the castings may be taken from the
chills whilst at a high temperature and cooled in water, oil, or other
liquid or fluid substance, or the casting may be tempered in the usual
or other manner, but in many cases such treatment will be found
unnecessary.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Archibald Munro and William Bennet Adamson in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ARCHIBALD
MUNRO, of Arbroath, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, and
WILLIAM BENNET ADAMSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Archibald Munro and William
Bennet Adamson, Her special license that we, the said Archibald
Munro and William Bennet Adamson, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Archibald Munro and William
Bennet Adamson, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR CASTING OF TOOLS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Archibald Munro and

page_text: William Bennet Adamson, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Archibald Munro and William
Bennet Adamson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to
say;-
Our said Invention which relates to the application of chilled cast
iron as the material of which tools are made, such as are used for
cutting, dressing, or finishing wood, metal, minerals, fibrous substances,
as well as for digging and cultivating land, including also hammers,
picks, as well as tools of abrasion and penetration, consist as follows:-
The iron from which the tools are to be manufactured is melted in any
suitable furnace and then poured into chills made to the required form
and size of tools desired to be produced, the effect being to instantly
convert the iron into a very hard and dense material capable of
receiving, by grinding or otherwise, a sharp and keen edge, point or
points, or other operating extremities or terminations that may be
requisite. To render tools thus made very hard, in place of allowing
them to cool down in the chills the castings may be taken from the
chills whilst at a high temperature and cooled in water, oil, or other
liquid or fluid substance, or the castings may be tempered in the usual
or other manner, but in many cases such treatment will be found
unnecessary, especially in the case of such tools as are used for digging
or cultivating the land or other purposes for which a very fine cutting
edge is not required.
In the case of tools which are intended to be capable of receiving, by
grinding or otherwise, a sharp and keen edge, such as joiners' and
carpenters' chisels, mortice irons, plane irons, and moulding plane
cutters, as well as wood and metal borning and turning tools, it will
be found beneficial to temper these to different degrees of hardness
according to the purposes for which they are to be used by heating
them in a bath of molten lead or in any other suitable manner, and

page_text: cooling them in mercury, oil, or water when brought to the requisito
temperature.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in or under which the same is or may be used or practically car-
ried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider
novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the application of
chilled cast iron as a material for the construction of tools, such as are
used for cutting, dressing, and finishing wood, metals, minerals, and
fibrous substances, as well as for digging and cultivating land, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bennet Adamson, on
behalf of Archibald Munro and of myself, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of January, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-nine.
W. B. ADAMSON. (L.B.)