IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS
Year: 1884

page_text: JOHN LIGHTBAND THOMASSON N° 13 Corn Market Worcester, Sanitary Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS
to be as follows :-
An Improved inlet Ventilators, for Rooms & Public Buildings. The object aimed
being to let the external air into the midst of large areas, & then so to diffuse it to
freshen the atmosphere without causing draught. These results are attained by
dividing the blast of the external air in the following manner. An inverted
frustrum of a cone or a sedgment of the same termed the casing, is fitted with
a second cone or frustrum, forming a conical valve, actuated by a suitable suitable
leaver & to which a compensating weight is attached by a line, which retains the
valve in any position desired. The casing extends some way upwards beyond the
valve & is notched out & fitted with a number of hollow wedge divisions, which
divide the blast internally, & also induce by the clefts thus formed, a flow of the
internal air; thus causing a complete mixing of the two. The ventilator being
fixed to an opening in either the ceiling the wall or floor.
This, my Invention relating to improvements in ventilators, for admitting &
difusing the external air in a ready practical & inexpensive manner to rooms
generally, & particularly into the midst of larg areas in crowded buildings
combined with an entire absence of draught thus ensuring both comfort &
convenience.
These results I attain by dividing the blast of the external air into numerious
minute currents, which I effect in the following manner.
I make a hollow cone or frustum or any section or sedgment of a cone or
frustum of any suitable material and of any suitable dimentions hereafter termed
the casing & within this casing I fit a second cone or frustum or any section of the
same hereafter termed the conical valve the latter seating itself within the casing
& perfectly excluding the external air when desired; a suitable leaver or spindle is
attached to the valve for opening & closing & regulating the supply of air, a
compensating weight is also attached by a cord or line for retaining the valve in
any position desired. The outer radus of the casing above the valve is divided
into air-passages by open wedge shaped divisions or partitions forming at the same
time the air passages inside the casing & angular slots or clefts on the outside so
that when the valve is raised & the outer air admitted either at the bottom or the
side of the valve it radiates freely arround the valve & coming in contact with
CD 037

page_text: the wedge shaped partitions is divided into minute currents which in passing
the partitions induce a considerable flow of the internal air of the room towards the
ventilator thus greatly assisting in the mixing of the two & producing a freshness
in the surounding air without causing draughts.
A cord or wire may be substituted for the leaver for regulating the valve
& carried to any convenient point terminating with an indicator to show the exact
position of the valve.
My improved ventilating apparatus may be made in any convenient form & fixed
either against an opening made in the wall or the ceiling or the floor or in any
other convenient position with great facility & at a small cost; ventilators with
two or more valves may be used for ventilating large areas, & the ventilator when
fitted as a vase may be used for admitting and diffusing air into the midst of large
& crowded areas & any number of these ventilators may be opned or closed
simultaenously by inexpensive means.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, JOHN LIGHTBAND THOMASSON of 13 Corn Market in the city of Worcester
Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VENTILATORS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This my invention relates to improvements for admitting and diffusing the
external air, in a ready practicable and inexpensive manner to rooms, generally and
particularly into the midst of large areas in crowded public buildings, combined
with an entire absence of draught, thus ensuring both comfort and convenience.
These results I attain by dividing the blast of the external air into numerous
currents, which I effect in the following manner,
I make a hollow cone or frustrum, or any sedgment of a cone or frustrum made
of sheet metal or other suitable material, and of any convenient dimentions, here-
after called the casing. Within this I fit a smaller cone, or frustrum of a cone, or
any sedgment of the same, forming a valve, and here-after termed the conical valve,
which seates itself within the casing; perfectly excluding the external air when
desired.
A suitable leaver or spindle is attached to the valve for opening or closing it;
and for retaining the valve in any position desired a compensating weight is also
attached.
The outer radus of the casing above the valve is vertically divided by open
wedge shaped divisions or partitions into angular slots, forming on plan a kind of
zigzag, which forms at the same time air passages inside and open slots outside the
casing, so that when the conical valve is raised by actuating the leaver the blast of
incoming air radiates arround such valve and coming in contact with the wedge
shaped partitions, is divided and forced into numerous currents, which by their
force in passing out through the numerous orifices, considerably induce the flow of
the inner warm air up between the before named slots, and thus thoroughly diluting
the outer cold air with the inner warm air, and diffusing it at a high level through-
out the apartment, without causing draught.
The annexed drawing shows a ventilator constructed according to my invention.
Fig 1 is a vertical section of a ventilator fixed to a wall, having a flat top, which
may be utilised as a bracket. Fig 2 a front view, and Fig 3 a back view. A is
the casing, showing mode of fixing. B is the valve and C the spindle for actuating
it. D is a compensating weight, attached to the valve by a band of leather,
or other suitable material, running over a bar in a cavity at the back of the
ventilator, thus retaining the valve in any position required. E, the slots &
orifices.
A ventilator formed in the manner above described is suitable for fixing at about
twothirds the height of the room, and in ordinary rooms having a fireplace no
special outlet is necessary. In large buildings where the ventilator is out of reach,
a cord or wire may be substituted for the leaver, and carried to any convenient
point for moving the valve, terminating with an indicator to show the exact
position of the valve,

page_text: For fixing in angles a quadrant form will be found an efficient ventilator, while
Ventilators fitted as
the top being flat, it may be used as an ornamental bracket.
a vase to hold plants and flowers may be used for diffusing air into the midst of
large and crowded areas, such as theatres, and so employed as a means of decoration
and fresh air inlet combined, while any number of these inlets may be so fitted to
open or close simultainously.
Having, now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st Ventilators with conical valves and casings as before described.
2nd The improved form of egress of air from the ventilator, and also its mixing
and diffusive power.