A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR DRILLING AND TAPPING OR SCREWING MAINS UNDER PRESSURE AND ATTACHING PIPES. COCKS OR CONNECTIONS THERETO ני PRO
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Leo Ignatz Leopold Schanzer, an Austrian
subject residing in Odessa, in the Russian Empire, but tempo-
rarily staying at the Cannon Street Hotel, in the City of London,
Engineer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR
APPARATUS FOR DRILLING AND TAPPING OR SCREWING MAINS UNDER
PRESSURE AND ATTACHING PIPES. COCKS OR CONNECTIONS THERETO
ני
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Leo Ignatz Leopold
Schanzer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 3rd June 1874.
I, LEO IGNATZ LEOPOLD SCHANZER, an Austrian subject residing in
Odessa, in the Russian Empire, but temporarily staying at the Cannon
Street Hotel, in the City of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR
APPARATUS FOR DRILLING AND TAPPING OR SCREWING MAINS UNDER PRESSURE,
AND ATTACHING PIPES, COCKS, OR CONNECTIONS THERETO," to be as follows :-
This Invention is designed to enable holes to be readily drilled and
tapped or screwed in mains containing water or fluid under pressure,

page_text: and pipes, cocks, or connections to be screwed into such tapped holes
without its being necessary for these purposes to cut off or arrest the
supply or flow of water or fluid in the portion of main to be operated
upon. For these purposes I employ a drill and tap or screw-thread
cutter in conjunction with a vessel or chamber provided with doors and
valves, and arranged to be temporarily fitted and attached to the main
for preventing any considerable escape and consequent waste of water or
fluid during the operations of drilling and tapping the hole and screwing
in the pipe, cock, or connection to be attached to the main.
.
The vessel or chamber may be cylindrical in cross section with upper.
and lower covers,
the upper cover being made with a removable portion,
and the lower cover provided with sliding portions or valves and with
suitable packing for temporarily fitting the vessel to the main, whereto
it is secured and held by cross bars, screws, and nuts.
In order to enable the drilling and tapping of the hole in the main to
be effected at a single operation, I use a tool forming a combined drill
and tap, the forward or lower end of the tool being shaped as a drill
and having behind it a tap or screw-cutting arrangement. This com-
bined drill and tap I attach to a spindle which passes vertically through
the vessel and is actuated by a ratchet and lever. The spindle in this
arrangement passes and fits accurately between a couple of semi-pipes or
nipples having perfectly smooth interiors and formed on their exteriors
with a screw thread fitting into a correspondingly tapped nut. A setting
screw carried by a frame on the top cover of the vessel and bearing
against the upper end of the spindle feeds the drill to its work. The
vessel is provided with a cock for the withdrawal from it of the water or
Auid as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Leo Ignatz Leopold Schanzer in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 1st December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LEO
IGNATZ LEOPOLD SCHANZER, an Austrian subject residing in Odessa, in
the Russian Empire, lately temporarily staying at the Cannon Strect
Hotel, in the City of London, Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Leo Ignatz Leopold Schanzer, Her special
licence that I, the said Leo Ignatz Leopold Schanzer, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Leo Ignatz
Leopold Schanzer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR DRILLING AND
TAPPING OR SCREWING MAINS UNDER PRESSURE, AND ATTACHING PIPES, COCKS,
OR CONNECTIONS THERETO," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Leo Ignatz Leopold Schanzer, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Leo Ignatz Leopold Schanzer,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, and the Drawings therein
referred to (that is to say) :-
It is an indisputable fact that the insertion of branch pipes, especially
in the case of mains charged with water under pressure, gives rise to
much inconvenience, great expense, and danger from overflowing.
Now this Invention is designed to enable holes to be readily drilled
and tapped or screwed in mains containing water or fluid under
pressure, and pipes, cocks, or connections to be screwed into such
tapped holes without its being necessary for these purposes to cut off or
5 arrest the supply or flow of water or fluid in the portion of main to be
operated upon. For these purposes I employ a drill and tap or screw-
thread cutter in conjunction with a vessel or chamber provided with
doors and valves, and arranged to be temporarily fitted and attached

page_text: Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the valve and seating taken in the line
E, F, of Fig. 8.
Fig. 10, a vertical section of the screw stock for screwing elbows or
bends into the main which has been drilled and tapped.
a is the vessel or chamber provided with lugs a¹ for attachment by
screws and nuts to cross bars passing under the main; a³, the lower
cover of the vessel a; b, slide valve therein; c, slide valve rod;
d, junction or saddle piece for temporarily fitting the vessel a to the
main to be operated upon; e, the drill; f, the tap; g, their spindle;
h, the ratchet and lover; i, screw bush; %, set screw; 1, frame carrying
same.
This apparatus is worked in the following manner:-To the part of
the main to which the branch pipe is to be joined and which has been
laid bare for that purpose, the junction or saddle piece d is fastened.
The curvature of the junction or saddle piece corresponds to the circum-
ference of the main. The apparatus is screwed down on to the upper
surface of the junction or saddle piece by the lugs a', cross bars,
screws, and nuts. It will be observed here that the valve 6 must be
opened by means of the slide valve rod c. Then the drill e is forced
down by means of the set screw k and the ratchet brace h set in motion
in the usual way. The exact adjustment of the drill e may be obtained
through the opening m in the vessel or chamber a, which opening must
then be firmly closed by the four fly nuts n.
As soon as the drilling has proceeded far enough for the water to be
heard rushing into the vessel a, the set screw k must not be pressed too
hard on the drill spindle g lest the drille should break; and as soon as
the hole is well drilled through, which may be known by the drill
working easier or entering the main more freely, the set screw kis
pressed down firmly, and then the screw thread is cut by the tapf
actuated by means of the ratchet brace h; but in order not to injure
the threads, the set screw k should not be pressed down too fast.
As soon as it is perceived that the tap ƒ has caught the metal of the
main, the frame and screw / are removed from the top of the vessel a
and the tapping finished. Then the tap and drill with their spindle are
screwed out, and the moment the drill has left the hole in the main the
slide valve must immediately be closed. .

page_text: In order to insert into the opening of the main the branch pipe to be
attached, and which is held in readiness furnished with a screw stopper,
the stuffing box contained in the upper part of the apparatus is
removed, and through the same opening the branch pipe is introduced
into the apparatus, and whilst one workman opens the slide valve
another workman must at the same time screw the pipe with the
screw stopper, which is ready at hand, into the drilled and prepared
main.
If however the branch pipe to be screwed on should be an elbow
piece or bend, whose projecting arm should only be so long that it
might be turned round inside the circumference of the apparatus, this
elbow piece or bend would not of course be introduced through the
stuffing box but through the door or opening m, which would then be
closed again; and the screwing down would be effected by means of the
screw stock (Fig. 10) which will have been let in through the stuffing
box, and is constructed in such a way that the elbow piece or bend can
be firmly grasped and turned as its two jaws o, o', are capable of being
regulated. Thus the boring of the main and the connecting of the
new fitting or pipe are completed, and it only remains to remove the
apparatus, which is done as follows:-First of all the screws n and cross
bands are cased, then the door m is opened, the screws in the inner
bottom of the apparatus are removed, and the whole apparatus taken
off; finally, the bottom with the opened slide valve as well as the saddle
piece are lifted off over the branch pipe.
Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, shew (full size) my apparatus as arranged
for uniting additional lengths of pipe to branch pipes that have been
screwed into mains, as above described. This connecting apparatus is
brought into requisition in the following manner :-The branch pipe is
placed in the woodwork p which consists of two parts, and these two
parts are then firmly drawn together by means of the clamp q and set
screw r. The branch pipe provided with a stopper or plug extends to
and under the slide valve 6 of the connecting apparatus, which is
opened, and a spanner or key is inserted through the upper lid, the key
being kept tight to the lid by means of india-rubber packing. Then
the stopper or plug is unscrewed, and as soon as it is removed the slide
valve 6 is closed. The key with the stopper is then taken away and the
new length of branch pipe with a union joint inserted through and
made tight by india-rubber packing to the key hole in the lid and.

page_text: screwed on to the previously connected pipe. Of course the end of the
branch pipe must either be supplied with a stopper or with a stop-cock.
After all this, the connecting apparatus can easily be taken off in two
parts by means of the screws 8. With a little practice on the part of
the workman, the modus operandi of this apparatus is speedy and
sure.
Having described the nature of my said Invention, and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I
hereby declare that I do not claim as of my Invention, or the exclusive
use of the several parts herein-before described or referred to, except
when the same are used in and for the purposes of my said Invention,
which I hereby declare to consist in,—
1. The employment of a drill and tap or screw-thread cutter in con-
junction with a vessel or chamber provided with doors and a valve
or valves, and arranged to be temporarily fitted and attached to a
main in the manner and for the purposes herein described and set
forth.
2. The combination of parts forming the instrument or apparatus
for drilling and tapping or screwing mains under pressure, and
attaching pipes, cocks, or connections thereto, constructed, arranged,
and operating substantially as shewn in and described with reference
to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, of the accompanying Drawings.
3. The combination of parts shewn in and described with reference to
Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Leo Ignatz Leopold Schanzer,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-four..