IMPROVE- MENTS IN REFRIGERATING APPARATUS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED TO PUMPS OR OTHER APPARATUS FOR THE SUPPLY OF BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to François Haeck, of Schaerbeck, near Brussels, in
the Kingdom of Belgium, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REFRIGERATING APPARATUS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED TO PUMPS OR OTHER
APPARATUS FOR THE SUPPLY OF BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 25th January 1860, and dated the 30th July 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said François Haeck at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th July 1859.
I, FRANÇOIS HAECK, of Schaerbeck, near Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRIGERATING APPARATUS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED TO PUMPS
OR OTHER APPARATUS FOR THE SUPPLY OF BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as
follows:-
The object of the improvements is to give to beer and other liquids as
drawn through suitable pumps or engines the exact temperature required, in
order to their being most agreeable to the consumer, and adapted to the
season or the nature of the liquids.

page_text: The refrigerator is composed of a trough in which the pumps are placed,
entirely immersed in cold or iced water, either stationary or running. These
pumps communicate by means of pipes attached to the trough with the barrels
or other vessels containing the beer or other liquids in the cellar or store,
from whence the liquids are elevated into the refrigerator before being served
to the consumer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said François Haeck in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th January 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANÇOIS
HAECK, of Schaerbeck, near Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said François Haeck, Her special licence that I,
the said François Haeck, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said François Haeck, my executors, adminis
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRIGERATING APPARATUS ESPECIALLY
ADAPTED TO PUMPS OR OTHER APPARATUS FOR THE SUPPLY OF BEER AND OTHER
LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said François Haeck,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said François faech, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-

page_text: drawn through suitable pumps or engines the exact temperature required, in
order to their being most agreeable to the consumer, and adapted to the
season or the nature of the liquids.
The refrigerator is composed of a trough in which the pumps are placed,
entirely immersed in cold or iced water, either stationary or running. These
pumps communicate by means of pipes attached to the trough with the barrels
or other vessels containing the beer or other liquids in the cellar or store,
from whence the liquids are elevated into the refrigerator before being served
to the consumer.
But that the nature of the said Invention may be clearly understood, I will
describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a transverse section through E, F, and G, H, of the pump,
with the refrigerating apparatus in connection therewith, of which the part
marked 1 (a) represents the body of the pump in its trough, of which
Figure 3 is a section through A, B; and tho part marked 1 (6) represents
the refrigerating apparatus in connection with the said pump, consisting of
four concentric cylinders, into which the liquid to be acted upon passes from
the body of the pump through a pipe t', as herein-after described. Figure 2
is a plan, and Figure 4 is a section, through C, D, of the apparatus shown in
Figure 1 (b). R, Figure 1 (a), is the cold or iced water or other refrigerating
means contained in a trough which has a pump, the body of which is composed
of two concentric cylinders a' and a", which are outwardly in contact with
and surrounded by the cold or iced water or other refrigerating means R;
between the said two concentric cylinders there is a narrow space or channel o
through which the liquid to be acted upon, a, passes in a thin sheet to the
upper chamber of the pump, and is forced out of the cylinder a¹ into the
apparatus, Figure 1 (6), or Figure 5, through the pipe t'. The liquid to be
acted upon, a, is raised by the action of the piston through the pipe t into the
space o, as will be understood by reference to the Drawing. is a pipe
through which the liquid passes from the pump, Figure 1 (a), into the
apparatus, Figure 1 (6), which apparatus, Figure 1 (6), is composed of four
concentric cylinders, of which the two middle cylinders form a narrow cylin-
drical space or channel A, into which the liquid x is received from the pipe t',
and is acted upon throughout by the cold or iced water or other refrigerating
means R, R, contained in the space B, B, which completely surrounds the
cylinders between which passes the liquid x. D, D, is a cylinder, the interior

page_text: of which, M, is empty. The two concentric cylinders T, V, which form the
space or channel for the liquid x, are connected together by means of the
screwed pipe c, c, (which also forms a passage for the refrigerating means R, R,
between the outer cylinder T and the inner cylinder V), and also by means of
rods Z, Z, the upper ends of which are held fast by nuts E, E, E, E,
and the bottom ends of which are marked E, E, E, E. The rods Z
and the screwed pipes c, c, can be removed for the purpose of cleaning the
cylinders T, V, as is well understood. The refrigerating meaus R is introduced
into the space or channel B by the aperturo B', and is let off at B". The
liquid enters the spaces or channels A, A, e, e, at A, and is let off at A".
When the quantity of liquid to be acted upon is small, the refrigerating
means R may be stagnant in the trough of the apparatus, Figure 1 (a), as
well as in the space or channel B, Figure 1 (6), provided thero be a sufficient
quantity of the said refrigerating means to have the desired action on the
liquid. But when the process is to be performed on a large quantity of liquid,
the refrigerating means must be renewed, and reduced to a thin sheet during
its passage through the apparatus, Figure 1 (6), so that each sheet of liquid
passes between two thin sheets or streams of the refrigerating means.
However, the reduction into thin sheets or streams can only take place within
the vertical or lateral surfaces of the cylinders, for in the horizontal spaces e, e¹¹,
and e, neither the liquid a nor the refrigerating means R need be reduced to
thin sheets.
When the liquid to he acted upon is contained in a vessel placed at a
sufficient height, the pump, Figure 1 (a), can be dispensed with as well as
when it is intended to act upon a gas, which, by self-expansion, enters the
round opening A, A, of the double cylinder.
Figure V. is a transverse section of a double cylindrical apparatus, showing
a modification of the refrigerating apparatus, represented at Figure 1 (b). In
this double apparatus the cold or iced water or other refrigerating means R
enters freely through a spout H placed around the top of the left hand side
cylindrical apparatus, and has egress by the spout F on the right hand side
cylindrical apparatus, and flows out by the outer pipe u.
And the liquida
enters freely by the spout G placed around the upper part of the right hand
side cylindrical apparatus, and has egress by the spout I, placed around the
top of the left hand side cylindrical apparatus, and flows out by the pipe u³.
The funnel ' and the pipes f,, are to conduct the refrigerating means R to
the spout H, while the funnel P' and the pipes t', t, are to conduct the
liquid to the spout G. The funnels P, P¹, with their pipes f, t, t, t, are
merely placed on the apparatus or on the open spouts around it, but are not

page_text: permanently fixed thereon. The more or less rapid motion in contrary
directions of the liquid a and of the refrigerating means R, within the spaces
or channels formed in the two cylindrical apparatus is determined solely by
the difference of level of the spouts of admission and of emission. It is to
be observed that the liquid a and the refrigerating means R are only reduced
into thin sheets in the vertical spaces formed by the lateral surfaces of the
cylinders, and not in the horizontal spaces e, e, e, el, ell, e", below the cylinders.
These three horizontal spaces e, e, e¹, el, el, cl, of the two cylindrical apparatus
are respectively connected by means of pipes T and T. The cleaning of the
apparatus can be effected by removing the screw pipes E, E', E". The
pipes T, T, are provided with cocks k, k', by means of which the spaces or
channels filled with the liquid and the refrigerating meaus R can be
emptied.
Instead of a refrigerating means, the liquid a may be acted upon by a
heating means, in which case the operation of the apparatus is the same as
when using a refrigerating means.
And the apparatus herein-before described may be employed for refrigerating
or for heating gas as well as liquids, but when employed for refrigerating or
heating gas, I prefer to use the apparatus, Figure 1 (b), and I find that the
apparatus shown in Figure V. is best adapted for acting upon liquids. And if
the liquid a discharged from the apparatus at A", Figure 1 (6), or at u',
Figure V., has been boiled and lost a part of its atmospheric air, such atmo-
spheric air may be restored to it as required by giving to the outer pipe A",
Figure I. (6), or u, Figure V., the form shown in Figure VI., in which
N, N, N, N, N, are small tubes, the ends of which are open, by which the
external air can be admitted to mix with the liquid as it flows from the said
pipes A" and u¹.
In
A horizontal position may be given to the apparatus, provided that the
motions of the liquid and of the refrigerating means R are produced by the
action of self-expansion or difference of level, as herein-before described.
this case the inner funnels are closed all round, except where the tubes give
ingress to the said liquid and refrigerating means R. It would likewise be
necessary to close the inner spout of one of the two cylindrical apparatus,
Figure V., if, instead of placing the two outer pipes u and u' for drawing off
the liquid and the refrigerating means R, only one of these pipes was placed
at the upper part, and the other at the lower part of the apparatus.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
which I prefer of putting the same into practice, I wish it to be well under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the precise details above described and

page_text: represented in the Drawing hereunto annexed, as they may be varied without
departing from the peculiar character of my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said François Haeck, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
GUSTAVE HERODE,
Brussels.
FRANCOIS HAECK. (L.B.)