Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept.. 188"
Complete Left, 17th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 22nd June, 1888
We, GEORGE JAMES SNELUS, of Workington in the County of Cumberland,
Metallurgist, WILLIAM WHAMOND of Jarrow in the County of Durham, Doctor of
Medicine, and THOMAS GIBB, of Jarrow aforesaid, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to so prepare or manufacture cements that they are
of greater strength and durability than ordinary cements.
According to this Invention we add to hydraulic cements or cement making
materials (preferably before or during grinding so as to obtain thorough incorporation)
an oxide of iron poorer in oxygen than is peroxide such for example as the residual
oxide of iron known as "blue billy" after it has been partly reduced by heating with
coal or the oxide produced in working iron or steel hot and known as
"Mill scale,"
forge scale," or smithy scale," or we add in the same way Silicate of Protoxide of
iron such as Mill cinder or tap cinder or slags produced in copper smelting and other
metallurgical operations or we use a mixture of the above named oxides and
silicates.
Dal 11: 1:41
1007
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents for the said George James Snelus,
William Whamond, and Thomas Gibb.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Preparation or Manufacture of Cements.
We GEORGE JAMES SNELUS of Workington in the County of Cumberland
Metallurgist WILLIAM WHAMOND of Jarrow in the County of Durham Doctor of
Medicine and THOMAS GIBB of Jarrow aforesaid Manufacturing Chemist do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this Invention is to so prepare or manufacture Cements that they are
of greater strength and durability than ordinary Cements.
According to this Invention we add to hydraulic Cements or Cement making
materials (preferably before or during grinding so as to obtain thorough incorporation)
an oxide of iron poorer in oxygen than is peroxide such for example as the residual
oxide of iron known as "blue billy" after it has been partly reduced by heating with
coal or the oxide produced in working iron or steel hot and known as "Mill scale"
forge scale" or " Smithy scale" or we add in the same way Silicate of protoxide of
iron such as Mill cinder or tap cinder or slags produced in copper smelting and
other metallurgical operations or we use a mixture of the above named Oxides and'
Silicates.
"
In carrying out this Invention we find that from 5 to 10 parts of the oxide or
silicate of iron added to every 100 parts of the cement or cement making materials
but we do not limit ourselves to this precise proportion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is.
1. In the manufacture or preparation of cements the addition to hydraulic cement
or cement making materials of a lower oxide of iron, such as "blue, billy" "mill,
scale" <
forge scale" or "smithy scale or the like.
دو
2. In the manufacture or preparation of cements the addition to hydraulic Cement
or Cement making materials of a silicate of protoxide of iron such as
2:
23
or tap cinder or slags produced in metallurgical operations or the like.
mill cinder"
3. In the manufacture or preparation of Cements the addition to hydraulic cement
or cement making materials of, both a lower, oxide of iron and a silicate of protoxide
of iron.
4. As new articles of manufacture Cements manufactured or prepared as herein-
before described and claimed.