IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Charles Peck of Chariton in the County of
Kent for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Charles Peck at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1882.
EDWARD CHARLES PECK of Charlton in the County of Kent
ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS.
IMPROVEMENTS IN
My Improvements consists in simplifying and reducing the number of working
parts of Engines or Pumps.
In order to give a fuller understanding of my improvement reference is made to
the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon and
made to form part of this Specification
Figs: 1, 2, & 3 are different views of one modification of my Improvement and
Figs 4, 5, & 6, are views of another modification
The general structure of the Engine in the first modification consists of a
casing A Figs: 1, 2, & 3, provided with a revolving drum B this drum is furnished
with a cylindrical opening C made through it at right angles to its axis and the
cylinder is furnished with a piston d, d, as more fully shown in Figs: 1, & 3.
The piston d is likewise furnished with a cylindrical opening J, J, at right
angles to the motion of the main piston, d, this cylinder J is likewise furnished
with a small piston f this piston is made to revolve on a stationary pin, g, attached
to the cover, h. The axis of the pin, g, is parallel to, but eccentric with the axis of
the drum B as more fully shown in Figs: 1, & 3, The large piston, d, is provided
with a slot and a hole is made in the end of the drum B for the passage and
working of the pin, g, to permit the drum to revolve and the pistons d, & f, to
make their required reciprocal motion when being used as a motor or employed for
pumping and forcing fluids air and gases. The drum B is provided with steam
passages m m on opposite sides as more fully shown in Figs: 1, & 3. for the
reception and exhaust of the steam to act on the small piston f The case is
provided with an inlet opening k and exhaust opening, b, through which steam is
10 11

page_text: admitted and exhausted to and from the pistons by the revolving of the drum B
which alternately brings the steam ports m m and the ends of the large
cylinder, C, in communication with the inlet opening and exhaust opening, L.
The drum B is furnished with four packing strips, s, inserted in grooves made in
the drum parallel to its axis as shown in Figs: 1, & 3, these packing strips are
made to bear against the surface of the casing A by centrifugal force or by two or
more spiral springs. Or the drum may be made slightly conical and adjustable
endwise.
The inlet opening, k, may be made circular or bored out and fitted with an
annular packed ring its bottom edge bearing on the periphery of the drum.
By forming and using suitable steam passages and ports in the pistons drum and
casing and valves or their equivalents for placing the several steam passages in
communication as may be requisite, the small cylinder J and the large cylinder C
can be made to serve as a compound engine-A suitable arrangement may be made
whereby the large cylinder alone is used as engine or pump.
Instead of making the openings in the drum and large piston circular to perform
the functions of cylinders they may be made rectangular or of any other desired
transverse form.
Another modification of my improvement is shown in Figs 4 5 and 6, and the
parts consist of a case a, druin B shaft g disc or crank e and crank pin h, piston f
central stationary pin d cover c, and the requisite inlet and outlet steam ports J J¹
The drum B is provided with a slot m, or rectangular cylinder as represented in
the several figures at right angles with the axis of the drum B and the piston f is
made to fit it, the piston is attached to or swung on the crank pin h, steam is
admitted to the end of the piston f by the drum revolving and placing the end of
the piston in communication with the steam port J, the exhaust takes place
through the port J and thereby motion is imparted to the crank shaft, g, through
the crank pin, h, and disc, c, and the piston fis made to travel from one end of
the slot or cylinder to the other as the drum B revolves. When the crank pin, h,
makes one revolution. The drum B will make half a revolution and the piston f
will have traversed the whole length of the slot or cylinder Two or more slots
may be made in the drum and provided with pistons and driven in the manner
above described.
A hollow eccentric pin may be employed in any of the above arrangements for
the reception and supply of steam and provided with a valve or its equivalent
to shut off or open the supply or discharge as may be required. Instead of
placing the eccentric pin in the modification of my improvement represented in
Figs 1. 2. & 3, parallel to the axis of the drum it may be placed so that at
the end passing into the casing or cover its axis shall agree or nearly agree with
the axis of the drum while at the opposite end its axis shall be eccentric to the
axis of the drum. The forms of the several parts of my improvement can be
varied without departing from the principle of the invention when the improve-
ment is to be used as a pump the power is applied to the shafts R and g, for
obtaining the required motion
The pistons may be packed in any known manner by rings or their equivalents
to keep them steam tight.
The shaft R is usually made to form part of the drum by casting it together
with the drum but it may be made separate, if desired; a stuffing box may be
used if required for packing around the shaft where it extends through the
casing A.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Charles Peck in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th November 1882.
EDWARD CHARLES PECK of Charlton in the County of Kent
IN ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS "
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Improvements consist in simplifying and reducing the number of working
parts of the Engine or Pump.
In order to give a fuller understanding of my improvement reference is made to
the accompanying drawings and to the Letters of reference marked thereon and
made to form part of this Specification.
Figs 1, 2, and 3, Sheet. 1. are different views of one modification of my
improvement.
Figs 4, 5, and 6 are views of another modification.
Figs 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11. Sheets: 2 and 3 represent different views of a
modification of my improvement as applied to a Steam Engine showing the steam
ports placed at the end of the drum and case, also means for working the steam
expansively and reversing the motion of the Engine.
Figs 12, 13 and 14, Sheet: 4, are views of my improvement specially applicable
to a pump.
The general structure of an Engine in the first modification consists of a
casing A (Figs 1, 2, and 3) provided with a revolving drum B this drum is
furnished with a cylindrical opening C made through it at right angles to its axis and
the cylinder is furnished with a piston d d (as more fully shown in Figs: 1, and 3),
The piston d is likewise furnished with a cylindrical opening J J at right angles to
the direction of motion of the main piston d, this cylinder J is likewise furnished
with a small piston f which is made to revolve on a stationary pin, g, attached to
the cover h. The axis of the pin, g, is parallel to, but eccentric with the axis of
the drum B as more fully shown. in Figs: 1 and 3, The large piston d is provided
with a slot, and a hole is made in the end of the drum B for the passage and
working of the pin, g, to permit the drum to revolve and the pistons & and f to
make their required reciprocal motion when being used as a motor or employed for
pumping or forcing fluids, air, or gases. The drum B is provided with steam
passages m, m³, on opposite sides as more fully shown in Figs: 1 and 3, for the
reception and exhaust of the steam to act on the small piston f. The case is
provided with an inlet opening k, and exhaust opening b, through which steam is
admitted and exhausted to and from the pistons by the revolving of the drum B
which alternately brings the steam ports m, m³, and the ends of the large cylinder C
in communication with the inlet opening k, and exhaust opening l.
The drum B is furnished with four packing strips, s, inserted in grooves made in
the drum parallel with its axis as shown in Figs: 1 and 3, these packing strips are
made to bear against the surface of the casing A by centrifugal force or by two
or more spiral springs. Or the drum may be made slightly conical and adjustable
end wise. The inlet opening K may be made circular and bored out and fitted with
an annular packed ring its bottom edge bearing on the periphery of the drum.
By forming and using suitable steam passages and ports in the pistons, drum and
casing; and valves or their equivalents for placing the several steam passages in
communication as may be requisite. The small cylinder J and the large cylinder C
can be made to serve as a compound engine. A suitable arrangement may be
made whereby the large cylinder alone is used either as engine or pump.
Instead of making the openings in the drum and large piston circular to perform
the functions of cylinders they may be made rectangular or of any other desired
transverse form.
Another modification of my improvement is shown in Figs: 4 5 and 6 and the
parts consists of a case, a, drum B shaft, g, disc or crank, e, and crank pin, h,
piston f, central stationary pin, d, cover, c, and the requisite inlet and outlet steam

page_text: ports J, J, The drum B is provided with a slot, m, or rectangular cylinder as
represented in the several figures at right angles with the axis of the drum B and
the piston f is made to fit it. The piston is attached to or swung on the crank
pin,, steam is admitted to one side of the piston f by the drum revolving and
placing the end of the cylinder in communication with the steam port J'-the
exhaust takes place through the port J and thereby motion is imparted to the
crank shaft, g, through the crank pin, h, and disc, c, and the piston f is made to
travel from one end of the slot or cylinder to the other as the drum B revolves.
When the crank pin, h, makes one revolution the drum B will make half a
revolution and the piston f will have traversed the whole length of the slot or
cylinder. Two or more slots may be made in the drum and provided with pistons
and driven in the manner above described. A hollow eccentric pin may be
employed in any of the above arrangements for the reception and supply of steam
and provided with a valve or its equivalent to shut off or open the supply or
discharge as may be required. Instead of placing the eccentric pin in the
modification of my improvement described in Figs: 1, 2, and 3, parallel to the axis
of the drum it may be placed so that its axis at the end passing into the casing or
cover shall agree or nearly agree with the axis of the drum while at the opposite
end its axis shall be eccentric to the axis of the drum. The forms of the several
parts of my improvement can be varied without departing from the principle of my
invention; when the improvement is to be used as a pump the power is applied to
the shafts R and G for obtaining the required motion. The pistons may be packed
in any known manner by rings or their equivalents to keep them steam tight.
The shaft R is usually made to form part of the drum by casting it together
with the drum, but it may be made separate if desired a stuffing box may be used
if required by packing around the shaft when it extends through the casing A.
Instead of making the steam ports and passages through the sides of the engine
case for the admission of steam for acting on and exhausting from the pistons in
the revolving drum, the said steam ports and passages may be made in or at the
end of the case and driven as represented in Figs: 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 which admits
of using the steam expansively and also reversing the motion of the engine by the
use of a reversing cock or its equivalent for reversing the motion and exhaust of
the steam from the engine.
Referring to Sheets: 2 and 3, which show a machine as above described
consisting of a casing A having at one end a bearing through which the shaft of
the drum B passes the inside of the casing and the drum are bored and turned to
fit each other:
The drum B forms the cylinder for a deep piston C and the piston C for a
smaller piston D carried on the pin E fixed in the cover F. The outer end of the
drum takes a bearing on the part of this cover which carries the pin E as fully
represented in Fig: 8, and is kept tight by the packing O.
The end of the casing C inside is faced and four annular ports are cast in it
G, H, J, K, as more fully represented in Fig: 9. The ports communicating with
the cylinders are seen at L L and M M in the drum B Figs: 7 and S, and as they
pass the annular posts receive or exhaust the steam during the revolution of the
drum.
The direction of motion of the piston drum is shown in Fig. 9. by the arrows
and points of cut off and exhaust, the port G is open to steam the port H Fig: 9.
is shut off and the ports J, K, are open to exhaust; and to reverse the motion, the
port K is open to steam the port J is shut off and the ports G and H open to
exhaust. The changing of these ports is effected by the reversing cock N.
Steam is admitted to the front of the drum B to balance the pressure tending to
remove it from the port face and these pressures are easily adjusted by the areas
of the ports in the face so that the drum may run with just sufficient pressure
upon it to keep it tight. The annular ports are common to both cylinders, which
as they revolve alternately take steam from and exhaust into them."
Fig. 11. Shows a transverse sectional view of the reversing valve or cock it is

page_text: shown attached to the Engine in Figs: 8. and 10. by turning the cock N the steam
can be reversed to either end of the pistons C, and D, and consequently they
exhaust. The drawings will fully explain this portion of the improvement without
further description.
Figs. 12. 13 and 14. Shect: 4, represent different views of the machine con-
structed as a pump the case A containing the drum or cylinder B is provided with
inlet and discharge openings C and D on opposite sides each of these openings are
extended about one fourth the way around the circumference of the case A as fully
represented by dotted lines in Fig: 12. the drum B is provided with two pistons E
and F one working in the other as herein before described and the smaller one
working on the pin, G, attached to the head H. The pump is worked by any
suitable motor applied to the shaft, J. The drum or cylinder B may be worked in
either direction. By working it in the direction denoted by the arrows Fig 12 C
becomes the inlet and D the discharge opening but by reversing the motion of the
drum, D would become the inlet and C the discharge opening. If desired the
drum, B may be supplied with packing strips (as shown in Figs. 1. and 3 Sheet 1)
but for pumping purposes it will not require packing, the drawings are sufficiently
full to show the structure and working of the pump without further description:
Having described the nature of my improvement and manner of constructing
and working the same what I claim is:-
1-In a rotary engine or pump (Figs 1 and 2) Sheet. 1.) the revolving drum B
in the case A to perform the functions of a cylinder by providing it with
cylindrical or other shaped openings for the reception and working of the large
piston d and small piston f in the manner and for the purposes represented and
described in the foregoing specification and according to any of the modifications
of the said improvement shown by the accompanying drawings.
2-In a rotary engine the drum B provided with a shaft at one end of the case A
provided with inlet and exhaust steam openings at its sides or one or both ends for
admitting steam to and from the pistons in said drum or cylinder as it revolves in
the case A as and for the purpose described in the foregoing specification and
represented by the accompanying drawings.
3-The stationary eccentric pin, g, attached to the cover of the case A on which
the small piston f is made to move and revolve for purposes mentioned in the
foregoing Specification.
4-Supplying the case cover with packing, O, represented in Fig: 8, and
admitting steam to the outer end of the drum for keeping its inner end pressed
against the end of the case, When the ends of the case and drum are provided
with steam ports as hereinbefore described and represented by the accompanying
drawings.
5 The cock N or its mechanical equivalent combined with the rotary engine
as constructed and shown in Fig 8 for reversing its motion in the manner herein-
before described.
6-The general construction and arrangement of Engine or pump as shown in
Figs 4, 5, and 6, consisting of a casing a, drum B piston m, eccentric pin h,
shaft, g, disc, e, and central pin d, or their mechanical equivalents for the purpose
mentioned in the foregoing Specification.
In witness whereof I the said Edward Charles Peck have hereunto set my
hand and seal this eleventh day of November in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred eighty two.
EDWARD C. PECK. (L.S.)