Improvements in Apparatus for Trussing, Croizing, and Chamfering Casks.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1895
'Complete Specification Left, 30th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 2nd May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Trussing, Croizing, and Chamfering
Casks.
I ALEXANDER DUNBAR of 66 South John Street, Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster, Barrister-at-Law, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The object is to provide simple apparatus for rapidly and efficiently, trussing
croizing, and chamfering casks, mainly light stave casks for dry goods.
Apparatus under my invention consists essentially of a rising and falling table on
which the cask form of set up staves is placed in combination with two trussing
heads above and a croizing and chamfering tool.
The table is caused to rise and fall by means of a lever and cam or equivalent
mechanism.
The trussing heads are carried freely on standards and are weighted or held
down by springs to the required position. The croizing and chamfering tool
is carried on a shaft or frame free to be moved up and down by a lever or suitable
mechanism.
The croizing and chamfering tool is capable of being expanded and contracted in
diameter by a second lever or suitable mechanism. The croizing and chamfering
tool is caused to rotate by means of belt and pulley or like driving gear.
The rising and falling table carries a catch or striker for freeing the cask from
the trussing heads if necessary.
The operation is as follows:-A cask form of set up staves with trussing hooks
thereon is placed on the table, the table rises and the cask head is forced through
the trussing heads both of which by means of the weights or springs are able to
move upwards when the trussing is complete and the truss-hoofs forced home so as
not to damage the cask. The croizing and chamfering tool is then lowered and
expanded until the croizing and chamfering is completed, after which it is
returned to its normal position. The table is now lowered and with it the cask'
having one end trussed and chamfered. If the cask does not freely leave the
trussing heads it is pushed out by the catch or striker. The cask is then reversed
on the table and the operation is repeated.
Dated the 27th day of June 1895.
Improvements in Apparatus for Trussing, Croizing, and Chamfering
Casks.
I ALEXANDER DUNBAR of 66 South John Street, Liverpool in the County of..
Lancaster, Barrister-at-Law do hereby declare the nature of this invention and..
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the manufacture of casks more especially light stave casks for containing dry
Pic 8d 1

page_text: goods, there has bitherto been inuch difficulty in efficiently trussing, croizing, and
chamfering, owing to differences in the heights of the bilges and diameters of the
heads, resulting from the facts that such staves are commonly made with the same
jointing or curvature, whatever their widths and that the staves are not of equal
width at each end. Thus a large number of narrow staves will produce a cask
having a higher bilge than a small number of wide staves.
The variations in the shapes of the casks from the causes above mentioned
render it extremely difficult to ensure that when the staves are close together, at
the head they will not be open at the bilge, or if close at the bilge, that they will
not be open at the head, whilst the varying diameters of the head are obstacles to
proper croizing and chamfering.
Now the object of my invention is to provide simple apparatus which will
overcome the above difficulties, and which will rapidly and efficiently truss, croize,
and chamfer such casks whether for dry goods or liquids.
To obtain the above results, apparatus under my invention is constructed as
follows:-
A rising and falling table on which the cask form of set-up-staves to be trussed,
croized, and chamfered, is placed, is combined with two trussing heads or like
devices, and a croizing and chamfering tool, in manner following,-
The table is caused to rise and fall by means of a lever operated by a cam or
equivalent mechanism. The trussing heads or like devices are carried freely on
standards, and are weighted or held down by springs to the required positions so
that each may act separately on that part of the cask it is intended to affect. One
of the heads or like devices is near the bilge so as to control the position of the
staves centrally whilst the other head or device firmly closes the staves at the head.
Whilst the cask is being trussed each, head freely moves to accommodate itself to
the curvature of the staves.
The croizing and chamfering tool is carried on a shaft or frame free to be moved
up and down by a lever or suitable mechanism so that it may be adjusted to act
correctly on the trussed head of the cask. The croizing and chamfering tool is
capable of being expanded and contracted in diameter by a second lever or suitable
mechanism for the purpose of accomodating the tool to the diameters of the cask
heads which will vary for the reasons above set forth.
The croizing and chamfering tool is caused to rotate by means of belt and pulley
or like driving gear.
The rising and falling table carries or operates a striker for freeing the cask
from the trussing heads if necessary, or the said striker may be attached to or
operated from any other conveniently moving part of the machine.
up
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figs. 1 and 2 are side elevations of apparatus constructed in accordance with
my invention, part of Figure 1 being in section. a is a base plate to which are
secured a standard 6 and columns c. The columns c are held in position at the top
by stanchions attached to the standard b. d is a table provided with bosses d¹
which fit freely around the columns c so that the said table can be readily raised
and lowered. are spiral springs around the columns c supported by fillets c* on
the said columns. The bosses d of the table rest on the said springs which take
the shock due to the rapid descent of the table after the cask has been trussed.
drepresents the cask form of set up staves which is placed on the table to be
trussed, such staves being held together by temporary hoops in the usual way.
e, f, are upper and lower trussing heads or like devices having bosses e, f, fitting
freely around the columns c so that the said heads may be readily raised and
lowered. The columns c are diminished in diameter upwards from beneath the
head to the head e, and again from beneath the head e to the stanchions c'. The
internal openings through the bosses of each head are made to fit the diminished
parts so that the said bosses will rest on the shoulders formed on the columns c

page_text: where the said columus increase in diameter downwards. g, h, are connecting rods
for coupling the heads ef to weighted levers ij. The said rods are pivotted to
lugs, on the bosses of the heads e, f, and to the levers i and j at i, . The
said levers i and are pivotted to lugs attached to the columns c or to the base-
plate. The lugs on the heads and columns are so disposed across one another that
on one side the rod g, and on the other side the rod is in front. f is a ring
attached to the head f, of a diameter to suit the cask to be trussed; to the upper
head or device e a ring is also attached to suit the diameter of the cask head.
k is a rod attached to the table d. passing freely through the heads e and f, and
having a piece ¹ at the free end which strikes against a projecting pin which
passes freely through the ring e³ for the purpose of striking against the trussing
hoop of the cask when the table descends and forcing the said cask free from the
ring. is a lever pivotted to the standard a at one end of the said lever abuts
against the underside of the table d or against a roller bearing 3 affixed thereto.
The other end of the said lever is acted on by a cam or stud m on a driving
wheel m¹. The said driving wheel m² is secured on a shaft carried in bearings in
any usual way and motion is given to the said shaft by any suitable motor.
a frame free to be moved vertically up and down in bearings 6' on the standard b.
Motion is given to the said frame by means of a weighted lever o pivotted to a
lug on the standard b, and by a link p to the frame n. The weight on the
lever o is sufficient to raise up the frame n and its connections to the top of its
stroke. The frame n is provided with bearings in which a vertical shaft
to rotate over the centre of the table d. q' driving pulley for the shaft q.
consisting of top and bottom plates rr, is secured to the lower end of the shaft q.
s, are cutter blocks free to be moved between the top and bottom plates to and from
the centre of the shaft q. croizing tool. chiming tool attached to the blocks 8.
The shaft q is hollow, and there passes freely through it a spindle t. The lower
end of the said spindle is pivotted by means of links t¹ to the cutter blocks which
have lugs projecting through slots in the lower plate r¹ of the head for that
purpose. The upper end of the spindle t is pivotted at u to a lever u' which has
its fulcrum at us on a lug secured to the standard b.
n is.
is free
A head
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The table being in the position
shown, a cask form of staves is placed thereon, and as the wheel m² rotates in the
direction of the arrow, the free end of the lever is depressed and the table d is
raised by the other end. The cask enters the head through which it passes
nearly to the bilge, further upward progress being allowed when the staves near
the bilge are pressed closely together by the head f rising and lifting the weighted
levers i.
The further upward travel of the table brings the cask into the head e
where the ends of the staves are pressed close together. The head r, r¹, is now
lowered by the lever o until the cutting tools s' and are in position, the lever u³ is
then depressed, the tools s¹s are expanded and the cask is croized and chamfered
by the said tools. The levers u are then released and the head and tools return
to their nominal position. By this time the cam or stud m on the wheel m' has
passed the free end of the lever and the table and cask descend. The form is
reversed, or a new form is placed on the table and the operation is repeated.
Figs. 3 and 4 are elevations at right angles to each other of modifications of
apparatus under my invention, the main differences being in constructive detail
render such apparatus more applicable for use with casks for containing liquids.
The same letters refer to parts equivalent to those in the preceding views.
In the above views, the lower head or device f is not weighted and is formed in
two parts hinged together at f* so that it can be opened to admit the cask_form,
and then closed and secured by a hasp or catch f. In this way the said device
may be arranged to act on the cask closer to the bilge and prevent bulging, this
being necessary owing to the greater stiffness of staves for casks containing liquids.
The said head or device is free to be pushed upward by the rising cask as in the
previous views. The ring e* of the head e is made deeper than in the previous
views, so as to act on two trussing hoops instead of one, as owing to the greater

page_text: stiffness and resilience of staves used for casks containing liquids one trussing
hoop would not be sufficient. The apparatus for forcing the casks out of the head e
consists of a lever k with forks k', which act on the loose pins passing through
the head e. Motion is given at the proper time to the said apparatus by means of
a cam or stud on the wheel m¹ which may be the cam or stud m which operates the
lever. The levers o and ul for giving motion to the cutter frame and cutters are
operated by hand wheels and screws o¹ u so that they may be made to act
gradually on the staves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention' and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First. Apparatus for trussing casks substantially as herein set forth.
Second. Apparatus for trussing, croizing, and chamfering casks substantially as
set forth.
Third. In apparatus for trussing casks, the combination of two movable trussing
heads or devices substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
J. JOHNSON,
4, Clayton Square, Liverpool, Agent.