IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR PRODUCING THE 'GAUGING' OR RUNNING' STITCH
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Mark Charles Denne, of 1, Christchurch Road, Eastbourne,
in the County of Sussex, and Thomas James Denne, of Holmesdale Lodge, Red
Hill, in the County of Surrey, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ور
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Mark Charles Denne and
Thomas James Denne at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
4th May 1881.
MARK CHARLES DENNE, of 1, Christchurch Road, Eastbourne, in the County of
Sussex, and THOMAS JAMES DENNE, of Holmesdale Lodge, Red Hill, in the County
of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR PRODUCING THE 'GAUGING'
OR RUNNING' STITCH."
Our improvements relate to a machine for making a running stitch for producing
what is called gauging, being a series of rows of stitching or "running" parralel to
each other of any width apart, and in any quantity of such rows of stitching.
For the purposes of our Invention we provide two rollers of any diameter and length,
each roller having journals at each end or provision for running in centres as may
be found most convenient. The bottom roller runs in bearings in a suitable frame
fixed to the table top.
The top roller is fitted to one end of a frame, the said roller being free to revolve
either on its centres or bearings, so that the top roller can be raised or lowered as
required; the second frame is so fixed to the table that the top roller rests on the
lower one exactly in a vertical line with its centres.
The rollers are toothed out so as to make them two long toothed wheels, the
number and size of the teeth being such as may be required to produce a certain
size of stitch of running.
The rollers are also recessed or necked out at certain distances, forming rings,
taken down rather more than half the depth of the teeth, the necks being such a
distance apart and extending the whole length of the rollers as to produce rows of

page_text: stitching of the required width, or by increasing the number of necks power will
be given to vary the width of the rows of running.
We also provide a rest with a cramping piece on top held down by two screws.
and fly nuts, also in front of the rest (and raised above the face on which the
cramp rests). We fix a plate having a series of cuts the same distance apart as
the necks in the rollers, and also exactly in line and square with said necks in
rollers; this rest is placed at such a distance from the rollers that needles, of the
proper length when placed between the rest and cramp and in the slots of the
front plate of the rest, the points shall rest upon the top of the lower roller in
the necks, and also when the top roller is brought down the points shall remain in
the recess formed by the necks in both rollers.
The needles are held firmly at the eye end between the rest and cramp, and
kept in position by the slotted plate in front of the rest.
To produce the work the needles are taken out and the top roller raised; the
material to be sewn is placed in the machine resting upon the lower roller; the top
roller is lowered, forcing the material between the teeth; the needles are then
inserted one by one between the rollers (in the necks) and through the material,
and are then brought back until the eye end is introduced between the rest and
cramp, and also each in a slot in the plate corresponding in position with the
neck in which the point is placed; the eye end is taken back until it comes in
contact with a raised part of the rest provided as a thrust, and also to determine
the position of the points of the needles between the rollers.
When all the needles are in position (according to the number of rows of running
required, they are firmly secured by the cramp by means of the screws and flynuts.
The lower roller is turned by means of a handle fixed to one end giving motion to
the top roller, at the same time taking in the material in a series of waves and
forcing it on to the points of the needles, and as the rollers continue to revolve
they clear themselves of the material on the other side, the material still being
forced on to the needles until finished.
When done the cramp is loosened, the top roller is raised, and the material taken
out with the needles still in it; the needles are then threaded and pulled through
the material taking the thread through with them, thereby producing a series of
rows of running which is afterwards arranged to form the gauging.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Mark Charles Denne and Thomas James Denne in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 4th November 1881.
MARK CHARLES DENNE, of 1, Christchurch Road, Eastbourne, in the County of
Sussex, and THOMAS JAMES DENNE, of Holmesdale Lodge, Red Hill, in the County
of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR PRODUCING THE 'GAUGING'
OR 'RUNNING' STITCH."
Our improvements relates to a machine for making a running stitch for producing
what is called "gauging," being a series of rows of stitching or "running" parallel
to each other of any width apart and in any quantity of such rows of stitching in
which machine necking rollers in a certain manner and the employment of a fixed
back or needle rest form the essential features.
For the purposes of our Invention we provide two rollers A, B, of any diameter
and length, as in the annexed Drawing, each roller having journals D, C, at each
end, or provision for running in centres, as may be found most convenient. The
bottom roller B runs in bearings D in a suitable frame E fixed to the table top F.
The top roller A is fitted to one end of a frame G, said roller being free to revolve
on its centres or bearings. The other end of the frame G is carried by two centres
or bearings H, H, so that it and the top roller can be turned up, or raised and
lowered as required.
The top roller rests on the lower one, and the axis of both are exactly in a
vertical line.
The two rollers A, B, are serrated longitudinally as to make them two long
toothed wheels, the number and size of the teeth being such as may be required to
produce a certain size of stitch or running. The rollers are also recessed or necked
out at certain distances, the cutting of the necks being taken down rather more
than half the depth of the teeth. The necks are at a distance apart to produce
rows of stitching of the required width, or by increasing the number of necks
power will be given to vary the width of the rows of running.
We also provide a fixed rest as part of the table F with a cramping piece J on
top, held down by two screws K, K; grooves are formed in the under surface of
the plate J, these being the same distance apart at the necks in the rollers, and also
exactly in line.
This rest is at such distance from the rollers that needles L, L, of the proper
length when placed between the rest and the cramp piece J, the points rest
centrally in the recess formed by the necks in both rollers. The needles L, L, are
held firmly at the eye end between the rest I and cramp J. To produce the work
the needles are taken out and the top roller is thrown up, the material to be sewn is
placed in the machine resting upon the lower roller; the top roller is lowered forcing
the material between the teeth; the needles are then inserted between in the
cramp J and the fixed rest I, and with the points between the rollers in the
neck.
The lower roller is turned by means of a handle M fixed to one end, giving
motion to the top roller by the interlacing of their teeth, which rotative motion
causes the material to be drawn in, in a series of waves on pressure being exerted on
the cross rail N and forcing it on to the points of the needles, and as the rollers
continue to revolve they clear themselves of the material on the other side, the
material still being forced on to the needles until finished.
When done the top roller is thrown up or raised, the needles are then threaded
and the cramp J released to enable the needles to be taken out and pulled through
the material taking the thread through with them, thereby producing a series of
rows of running which is afterwards arranged to form the gauge.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,—
The improved running or gauge stitch sewing machine above described, and as
shown in the annexed Drawings, in which the fixed back rest I forms the essential
feature as set forth.
1
In witness whereof, we, the said Mark Charles Denne and Thomas James
Denne, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Third day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.