IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO MACHINERY USED IN BLEACHING, TWING AND FINISHING FABRICS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Coates, of Sunnyside, near Rawtenstall, in the
County of Lancaster, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO MACHINERY USED IN BLEACHING,
TWING AND FINISHING FABRICS."
Sealed the 26th August 1856; and dated the 15th March 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Coates at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th March 1856.
.
I, CHARLES COATES, of Sunnyside, near Rawtenstall, in the County of
Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO MACHINERY USED IN
BLEACHING, PRINTING, DYING, AND FINISHING FABRICS, to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in communicating motion to machinery used in
bleaching, printing, dying, and finishing fabrics by means of the friction of
circumferences of pulleys. In some cases the pressure of the friction pulley
on the axles to be driven against the friction pulley on the driving shaft is
sufficient to communicate the requisite motion. to the machine, but where the
pressure is not sufficient it must be augmented by a spring or weight. I also
propose to communicate the motion of the friction pulley on the driving shaft
to the friction pulley on the axle to be driven by means of an intermediate
pulley mounted on a stud. In the former arrangement, when it is requisite to
arrest the motion of the machine the friction pulleys are moved out of contact';
and in the second arrangement the intermediate pulley is moved out of contact
with the others; in either case the machine is instantly stopped as soon as the
circumferences of the friction pulleys are out of contact. By this improved
friction apparatus, the machine to which it is applied can be made to stop when

page_text: any undue power is exerted, owing to the lapping of the fabric round any of
the rollers or winces of which the machine is composed. In some of the ma-
chines used in bleaching, printing, dying, and finishing, the usual driving shafts
& gearing are dispensed with, & the shaft, with the driving friction pulleys upon
it, is taken through or near the machines, & supported by bearings fixed to the
frame sides. When the driving shaft passes through the cistern of the machine
the casing of the shaft supports the pegs for guiding the fabrics.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Coates in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th September 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
COATES, of Sunnyside, near Rawtenstall, in the County of Lancaster, Manager,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Coates, Her special license that I, the said Charles Coates,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Charles Coates, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO MACHINERY USED
IN BLEACHING, PRINTING, DYING AND FINISHING FABRICS, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Coates, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Coates, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-

page_text: The nature of my said Invention of improvements in apparatus for com-
municating motion to machinery used in bleaching, printing, dying, and
finishing fabrics consists in the application of circumferential friction pulleys
for transmitting notion from the driving shaft to the machine to be driven.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me,
reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, of a bleacher's washing
machine to which my improvements are applied. In these views a is the driving
shaft, on which is fixed the friction pulley b; c is the bowl, around which and
To the axis of the bowl c is
the bowld the fabric passes in the usual manner.
fixed the friction pulley e, the circumference of which bears on the circumference
of the friction pulley 6 while the machine is at work. The starting leverf is
supported by the stud g, fixed to the end of the trough h, or in any other con-
venient manner; near the fulcrum of the lever f is a recess for the lower
end of the bar i, the upper end of which fits in a recess made in the bearing
of the bowl c. The shaft a revolves in the casing j, to which are affixed the
pegs k, for guiding the fabric as it passes from the bowl c to the bowl d. The
mode of operation is as follows:-As long as the circumference of the friction.
pulleys and e remain in contact the requisite motion is communicated to the
bowl c; but when the machine has to be stopped, the attendant depresses the
starting lever f until it assumes about the position indicated by the dotted line.
in Fig. 1; the bar i then raises the end of the bowl c sufficiently to lift the
circumference of the pulley e off the pulley b, thereby disconnecting the friction.
surfaces and stopping the machine. In starting the machine it is often
desirable to impart a very slow motion at first and gradually to increase the
velocity. This may be accomplished by raising the leverf gently, so that the.
friction pulley e bears at first only partially on the pulley b. In the above:
machine the weight of the bowl c with the parts above it is sufficient to keep
the surfaces of the pulleys e and b in contact.
On Sheet 2, Fig. 8 is an end elevation, and Fig. 4 a side view, of my im-
proved apparatus for communicating motion to a printing machine. a is the
driving shaft, furnished with two clutch boxes and two spur wheels, the latter
gearing into the wheels 7 and m fixed on the shaft n, by which arrangement
the said shaft may be driven at a greater or less velocity in the usual manner.
To the wheel m is fixed the friction pulley b, the circumference of which
imparts motion to the friction pulley e fixed on the shaft o, on which is fixed
the spur wheel p, gearing in a pinion on the mandril shaft, forming part of

page_text: the printing machine.. The: front end of the shaft o.works in the sliding, block
the lower part of which is in connection with the bar, i, jointed to the starting
leyer-f, and the upper part is: acted..upon by the, vulcanized, india-rubber: or
other spring r, contained in'atbox fixed to the frame. s. The starting, lever f
is acted upon by the screwift and hand wheel, The Drawing represents
the circumferences of the pulleys b. and esin' contact, the requisite pressure for
holding them in contact being obtained by the spring r, and this pressure, can
be regulated by the set screw r¹. When the machine has to be stopped, the
attendant turns the hand wheel fround, to elevate the lever f, thereby over-
coming the resistance, of the spring, causing the bar i to raise the s
sliding
blockq, and lifting the pulley.e; out of contact, with, the driving pulley, b
When the machine is again started, it is evident that as soon; as the attendant
turns the hand wheel f² in the contrary direction,the, leverf descends, and the
spring r-presses the pulley e again in contact with the pulley,b, and by effecting
the downward motion very gradually..the machine; may be started. at any
required speed.
.
is
Fig. 5 represents an end elevation, and Fig. 6 a side elevation of a dyer's
vat of the usual construction, to which my improved apparatus for commu-
nicating motion is applied. ..a is the driving, shaft,, supported, in bearings,
attached to the end of the vath; and extending,.when several vats are, placed
in a row, through all of them: To this shaft are fixed the driving friction
pulleys 6, each of which drives: a pulley.e.fixed on the shaft of, the reel.t. The
shaft a is furnished with a casing j, similar to the one shewn in Figs. 1 and 2,
to which casing the pegs & for guiding the fabrics, are attached. The double
starting lever.f. is hinged below the bearing,u, of the reel shaft, and it is made,
with an excentric projection, for. acting on the under side of the said bearing.
The object of having a double starting. lever is to enable the-reel to be stopped
and started from either side of the vat. The upper part of the bearing is
in connection with the spring u, similar. in its action to the one, shewn and
described-in reference to Figs. 3 and 4. When, the, dyer. wishes to stop. the
reel, he depresses the left or clevates: the right hand end of the lever-f
thereby bringing the excentric projection on the lever against the underside
of-the bearing u, overcoming the resistance. of..the spring u³, and raising the
pulley e out of contact with the driving pulley b... i
Fig. 7 is a view of another modification of my Invention. In this view s
a is the driving shaft; b, the driving pulley; and the pulley to be driven;
w, w, are two-friction pulleys, which transmit the, motion of the pulley b to
the pulley e. The friction pulleys w.are pressed against the surfaces of the
pulleys bande by the springs x, made of vulcanized india-rubber or other

page_text: suitable material. f is the starting lever, furnished with two excentric pro-
jections, acting against the bearings of the friction pulleys w. The pulleys
are shown in contact, consequently when the shaft a revolves the motion of
the pulley is transmitted to the pulley c, but as soon as the attendant
depresses the lever f, the excentrics force the pulleys w out of contact with the
pulleys 6, thereby stopping the pulley e.
The modes above described of applying my improvements in apparatus for
communicating motion to machinery used in bleaching, printing, and dyeing
will be sufficient to illustrate my Invention, and to enable any practical work-
man to apply my Invention to other machines employed in bleaching, pripting,
dycing and finishing fabrics. The advantages resulting from this improved
apparatus for communicating motion to machinery are, that the motion may
be stopped instantly by disconnecting the friction surfaces; that little power
is required to disconnect the surfaces; and that by varying the strength of the
springs or the weight of the shaft to be driven, the machine may be made to
stop of itself when any undue power is exerted, owing to the wrapping of the
fabric around any of the rollers or winces of which the machine is composed.
Another advantage is derived from the driving shaft being placed through or
near the machine, and the casing of the driving shaft serving as the support of
the pegs for guiding the fabrics.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that I claim communicating motion to machinery
used in bleaching, printing, dying, and finishing fabrics by means of circum-
ferential friction pulleys.
Secondly, I claim the improved mode of applying the driving shafts of
machines used in bleaching and dying, and the casing around them answering
the purpose of a rail for the guide pegs, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Coates, bave hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
CHARLES COATES. (L.S.)