CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED POR DRYING, EVAPORATING, DISTILLING, TORREPYING, AND CALCINING
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANDREW
KURTZ, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fourteenth day of February, in the seventh year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four, did
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Andrew
Kurtz, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Andrew Kurtz, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said Andrew Kurtz, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
POR DRYING, EVAPORATING, DISTILLING, TORREPYING, AND CALCINING;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Andrew Kurtz, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
beiug thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Andrew Kurtz, do hereby declare that the nature, of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and
ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following ex-
planation thereof (that is to say) :—
My improvements in apparatus to be employed for evaporating, distilling,
torrefying, and caleining, consist in the application, employment, or use of
metallic pipes or tubes for the passage of fire and transmission of heat over the
upper surface of the pan or vessel in which the substance or liquid submitted
to such or similar operations is contained. These metallic pipes or tubes are
to be placed side by side in a range or series over the top of the evaporating
pan or vessel, and as the flame and heat is conducted into and passed through
them instead of acting directly on the surface of the substances under opera-
tion, as commonly done, the several operations of drying, evaporating, distilling,
torrefying, and calcining may be performed in a much more perfect and eco-
nomical manner. I prefer the pipes or tubes employed for this purpose to be
of cast iron, and for most operations to be of a circular or oval form where
great heat is required, (the heat for such operations should never exceed one
thousand two hundred degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer,) but the pipes
may be made of other metals and forms if found practicable. In order that
my improvements may be perfectly understood I have attached to these
Presents a Drawing representing their mode of application and use in an
ordinary evaporating furnace. Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2
a transverse section, taken through a furnace as used for the purposes above
named. a, a, is the hearth or fire-place; b, b, b, the metallic pipes through
which the fire and heat passes, being under cover of the top brickwork, and
placed over the substance or liquid to be operated upon, which may be con-
tained in the common pan or vessel c, c, (which may be of metal, brick, or
stone,) and adapted to perform any of the above purposes. d, d, is a flue out
of the pipes b, b, which may go either direct into the chimney or pass under
the pan, as the operation may require. e, e, is a space left between the pipes
b, b, and the substance under operation, to conduct the vapours or steam, as
the case may be, either to a condenser or to the chimney; and f, f, are aper-
tures or spaces left in the upper brickwork to admit air between the metallic
pipes if required, according to the nature of the operation.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be particularly understood
that I claim the application and use of metallic pipes or tubes for the passage
of the flame and transmission of heat, and placed over the substance or liquid

page_text: to be operated upon, in furnaces or apparatus to be employed for drying
evaporating, distilling, torrefying, and calcining.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Kurtz, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.