IMPROVEMENTS IN CARD-SETTING MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon and
Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 1, Rue Laffitte, Paris, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CARD-SETTING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by James Russell,
Machinist, and Henry A. Collins, Gentleınan, both of Springfield, Massachusetts,
United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1879.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Laffitte,
Paris. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARD-SETTING MACHINES." [A communication from
abroad by James Russell, Machinist, and Henry A. Collins, Gentleman, both of
Springfield, Massachusetts, United States of America.]
This Invention of improvements in machines for setting card teeth is intended to
provide a machine for the above named purpose, which, by reason of its peculiar
and novel devices for producing and governing the requisite mechanical movements
therein, can be run accurately at a much higher speed than ordinary machines, and
which will require a much smaller outlay to keep in running order than machines
heretofore used for the said work have demanded; also to provide simple and effective
devices for producing the feed up-motion, which, without the removal from and
substitution of other parts on the machine, permit of instantaneous adjustments of
such a degree of feed-up as may be required without being limited to such degree
of up-feed of the leather bars as the width of a ratchet wheel tooth may allow of;
also to provide simple and effective devices which govern by positive movements
the twill of the card; also to provide such devices as permit of and will produce
rapid intermittent movements of the carriage without giving any sudden shocks
thereto during such movements; and also to provide by novel and effective devices
for the stop and start-up of the carriage at the end of the row of card teeth while
the last tooth of the row is being set and while the twill is being given.
In machines heretofore constructed the carriage is moved by a rack and pawl
attachment, and said devices produce a movement of the carriage far from accurate
or not nearly as much so as such work demands that it should be. Also to change

page_text: +
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the feed-up motion in such machines it is necessary to use one ratchet wheel for
each size wire, and hence with a new size must be worked it becomes necessary to
remove a wheel from the machine and substitute another one therefor. Further-
more in such machines the twill motions are governed by pins set in a wheel, which
pins work against an inclined surface, and are likely by wear or irregular motion
of parts to operate the twill devices inaccurately.
The above mentioned and many other difficulties usually attending the successful
operation of this unusually complicated class of machinery are overcome by the
employment of these improvements.
In the Drawings, Figure 1 is a plau view of the machine; Figure 2 is a detached
longitudinal view of a portion of the rear side of the machine, showing some of the
working parts thereto attached.
In Figure 1 a portion of the right hand end of the frame and of the carriage is
not represented, as upon the end of the latter would be shown if drawn parts that
would be identical with those on the opposite end of the carriage, which parts are
designated as follows, to wit, b², d, d¹, D, D², a¹. Figure 3 is a vertical section of
a portion of the machine on the line x, c, Figure 1.
Figuro 4 is a detached view of the ratchets a" and a", Figure 1, with the geared
sector a¹ and rack as removed so as to show with the screw shaft b, on which they
aro placed with the fixed collar b¹, the combination of these parts.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal side elevation of the bottom end of pitman a", which
combines the principal devices by which the movements of the carrige B are made
to impart the chango motion to the twill bar B' at the proper time.
Figure 6 is a detached horizontal view of a portion of driving shaft A³, Figure 1,
with the clutch A+.
Figure 7 is a back elevation of the lower end of pitman aº, Figures 1 and 5; with
twill bar change device, showing its connection by arbor a¹ with twill bar arm a¹
and a swinging support a¹ to the latter.
Figure 8 is an elevation of one end of the back side of the carriage B, with a
portion of frame A of the machine showing a part of the device by which the up-
feed and twill motion of the carriage are produced, and also shows the lower bar a18,
to which the lower edge of the loather is attached, raised high so as to show its con-
nection by nut a" with vertical screw shaft D.
Figure 9 is an end elevation of lifting rod b*, lever or arm 38, friction pawl 6³,
and wheel c to the up-feed motion.
Figure 10 is an end clevation of the lower portion of Figure 8, showing the lifting
block a¹³ and lever bª with rod b, which are actuated by the twill bar B³, Figures 1
and 11.
Figure 11 shows the relative positions of the twill bar B' and lifting block a¹³.
Figure 12 is a rear elevation of the machine without the legs, and with a portion
of the frame left off beyond the dotted line at the left, to which no working parts
are attached.
Figure 13 is a cross section elevation of the machine through line, œª,
Figure 12.
Figure 14 is an end elevation of the machine, looking the opposite way from
Figure 13, in which portions of the end of the frame which would obstruct the view.
of its working parts are removed.
In the Drawings like letters and figures refer to like parts in all the
illustrations.
The construction and operation of the machine are as follows, viz. :-The leather
is secured to the carriage in the usual manner, and drawn from between the bars a¹
and as, Figure 1, by turning screws b².
The pricking and teeth setting devices common to other machines are employed
and are adjusted in the usual manner, and the wire drawing lever has in use attached
to it the usual devices employed therewith for drawing the wire from a reel, and so
supply it to the machine, the said pricking and teeth setting devices being located.
upon the portions of the frame A³ and Aº,. Figure 1, and upon the frame on the

page_text: opposite side of the cord, and are operated by proper connections with the shaft A*
Previous to starting up the machine the bars a¹ and al, holding the leather on
the casing, are lowered until the proper line near the upper edge upon which the
first row of teeth should be set is brought before the pricking and teeth setting
devices. Said bars are so lowered by holding up the friction pawl 6º, Figures 1
and 9, which leaves wheel c and its shaft c', Figures 1, 8, and 9, free to be turned
back, thereby operating screw shafts D, with which it is connected, and the nuts a¹³
thereon by spiral gears d, d', the ends of the lower one of said bars a¹s resting on a
rear projection on nuts as, Figure 8, which permit of a lateral motion to said bar
while it may be carried up or down by said nut. Furthermore said nut or nuts and
bar are partially secured to each other by an arm on said nut, which reaches out onto
the face of said bar through an elongated hole, in which a screw passes into the
bar. Said screw shafts D, one on each end of the carriage, are attached to the carriage
by supports D, and their lower ends are stepped in countersunk spots on the base
of carriage B, and are kept in a fixed vertical position by collars placed on them
directly under supports D. The leather having been adjusted vertically, as bere-
tofore described, the degree of the longitudinal movements of the carriage to and fro
governing the length of the rows of teeth is determined by setting stop blocks d², d³,
at such graduating marks on the carriage base as will indicate the required length
of the said rows of teeth.
The next required adjustment is to move the carriage on the frame so that the
teeth setting will be commenced at or near the end of the leather. This is done by
turning shaft b by a crank attached to one end of it, but it can be more quickly
and conveniently done by disengaging nut E, which is secured to the underside of
arm H on carriage B from said shaft, when the carriage may be slid at will upon
the frame. Said nut E is divided longitudinally, and each half of it is operated to
be opened and shut from and against said screw shaft by a cam attached to handle F,
and upon disengaging catch c² from a notch in the central circular portion of said
haudle, and moving the handle in a direction from the carriage the nut E is opened
away from the screw shaft, and a contrary subsequent movement of handle F brings
the two halves of said nut again firmly into position against the screw shaft, and
catch so retains it in place.
The office of vertical support on carriage B, Figure 1, is to prevent bar a" from
sliding longitudinally and from falling forward, and to make it move with bar a¹8,
to which it is attached.
Shaft A³ is set in motion by a belt running upon pulley A'. Upon said shaft is
a cam A³, the face of which runs directly against the end of sliding bar h, and said
operation of the cam, in combination with any suitable spring or weight operating
to press the end of said bar against said cam, gives said sliding bar a reciprocating
movement at right angles to said shaft A The said sliding bar is guided by a
stud e coming up through a slot in it, and its forked shaped end sliding each side
of block e. This sliding bar h has a slot h¹ cut across it obliquely to receive the
short bar h, which is attached by and swings on a stud i to wire drawing lever K.
Thus the reciprocating movements of sliding bar h produce the required oscillating
movements of the end of wire drawing lever longitudinally with the frame of the
machine. Suppose the machine to be running, and through the connections of
crank as and pitman a' with rack as the latter is given an obliquely reciprocating
motion, sliding in its support and track a'. Upon screw shaft b turning freely
thereon is placed a geared sector al, operated by said rack as. Said sector is
provided with an upwardly projecting arm, on the sides of which are placed two
pawls ',, so hung that one of them is operative at each rotating reciprotating
movement of said geared sector. Placed upon said screw shaft, one on each side of
said geared sector, are two ratchets a¹¹, a¹, which are turned by the pawls on the
sector 10, the notches on said ratchets being so made as to be operated upon by
pawls moving in opposite directions. The hubs to said ratchets interlock, as shown
in Figure 4, the sector a riding over such interlocking portion. The outside
end of the hub of the right hand ratchet a projects beyond the face thereof, and

page_text: between the end of the hub and the adjoining box to the screw shaft is interposed.
a spiral spring and collar for the purpose of producing sufficient frictional resistance
against the hubs of said ratchets to prevent their turning during the backward
movements of sector 10 and its pawls.
Interposed between the left hand ratchet at and the adjoining box to screw
shaft bis a collar b' firmly fixed to said screw shaft. In the edge of said collar
next to said ratchet is set a pin ✯ projecting toward ratchet as, and on the edge
of the limb of said ratchet is a segmental cut around one fourth of its circumference,
and said pin has a free oscillating movement from end to end of said cut.
Attached to the under side of the rear of the frane of the machine are two slim
springs o, o, which run forward, and turning up back of and a little to one side of
ratchets a, a, have their ends bent to conforin nearly to the circle described by
the peripheries of said ratchets and about one half of their circumference.
Pins o, o, are placed one in the side of each of the pawls i, ³, near their
dropping onds, and reach out over the circular portion of said springs o, o¹. While
sector a10 is in operation carrying through screw shaft b the carriage B in one
direction one of said springs o, o¹, is depressed to allow one of said pawls to operate
and turn one of the ratchets, and when the motion of the carriage is reversed the pawl
last operating is by one of said springs o, o¹, lifted up away from its ratchet and
the other spring is depressed, allowing the opposite pawl to operato on its proper
ratchet and so reverse the motion of screw shaft b. The means by which said
springs o, o¹, are caused to operate as heretofore set forth will be described
farther on.
The adjustment required to swing the sector and the pawls i, i, a proper distance
beyond the ends of the ratchet teeth, so as to avoid shocks in the forward move-
ments and to take up for wear of parts is provided for by means of a sliding crank
pin in crank a, whereby said crank pin may be fixed nearer to or farther from
the centre of said crank or of the crank shaft. Said crank pin consists of a screw
passing through a box in halves in the end of pitman a7, and said screw passes
through a slot in crank as and thence screwing into a nut on the side of said crank
opposite to said pitman. A shoulder on said crank pin is interposed between the
pitian and crank. By turning back screw o' in crank a³, and by loosening the
screw crank pin, the latter may be slid toward the end of crank a. Then by
partially tightening up on the screw crank pin, and turning down screw of the
crank pin may be adjusted to give the proper swing to pawls 1, 2, and the screw
crank pin may then be firmly screwed home.
The carriage having been made to move on the frame the required length of a
row of card teeth will upon so completing said movement draw one of stop blocks
d, d, Figure 2, against a projection r, Figure 1, on slide v, Figure 2, on the rear
part of the frame A under the carriage B, and at each end of each row of teeth set
said slide is caused to change its position by said movement of the carriage. The
change of position of said slide by the operation of devices connected therewith, as
will hereinafter be described, so acts as to stop the operation of one pawl and
ratchet, and set the other one in operation causes the clutch A* on shaft A³ to be
disconnected during one hulf of a revolution of said shaft, and operates to elevate
the card on the carriago and to change the twill. Said slide has attached to said
projection ra fixed arm 8, Figure 1. Hinged to the end of arms is a swinging
arm 8', Figure 1, terminating in a head opposite to the projection r, the underside
of said head being beveled to a point in the centre, the faces of said bevels being at
right angles to the longth of said arm.
Under said bevelled head is set in the frame of the machine a block o*, corre-
sponding in form to the beveled portion of said head. Said block of is set in a
slot in said frame, and is adjustable longitudinally by screws d', d, in each end of
it by which it may be so set as to produce the lift of arm s at precisely the right
time, and by them is made fast to the frame.
Attached to the head of arm 8' by a screw or otherwise in a metallic or other
band I, Figures 2 and 3, which passes downward and over a pulley j, and thence.

page_text: forward and over a second pulley 1, and thence upward, and is attached to the end
of a spring
n under the rear end of clutch lever t, Figures 3 and 14. When not
drawn down by said metallic band spring n bears up against a shoulder formed
upon the side of swinging latch 2, which latch is hung by a stud on said clutch lever,
Figure 3, and retains it in the position there shown bearing against stud 3 in the
portion A of the frame, thus keeping the rear end of clutch levert down. As soon
however as the end of spring n is drawn down spring 4 operates to elevate the
rear end of clutch lever t, and latch 2 takes the position shown by the dotted lines
5, 6. The upward action of arm s¹, Figure 2, is only instantaneous, and it imme-
diately drops down again with the point on the under side of the head on the other
side of block of ready for the next clutch change movement. Meanwhile by the
said action of arm a¹ and the parts combined therewith, as described, the forward
end of clutch lever t has been permitted to fall into a notch 7 in the periphery
of centre plate 8 to clutch A. Said centre plate 8 is formed, as shown in Figures 1,
3, 6, and has on its face next to clutch points 9 and their hub 10, Figures 1, 6, two
grooves cut in a line radiating from its centre into which said clutch points inter-
lock, said clutch points extending from one side into notch 7, Figure 3, at the
bottom or deepest part thereof, Figures 1, 3. The hub 10 of said clutch point slides
to and fro on shaft A², being splined thereon and is held up against centre plate 8
by spring 11, Figure 3. The opposite side of centre plate 8 is provided with two
projections 12, 13, Figure 3, extending into perforations in flange 14, and on the
bearing sides of said perforations, between them and said projections are
inserted rubber or other elastic cushions for the purpose of relieving the
parts started up by the sudden movements of that part of the clutch from any
injurious effect from the shock. Shaft A³ passes completely through the clutch
point hub 10, flange and hub 15, centre plate 8, and flange and long hub 14,
eccentric a', and crank a being attached to the latter hub to the right of box L,
Figure 1. Thus the clutch points 9 being thrown out of connection with centre
plate 8, it is obvious that the movements of eccentric a' and crank a³ will cease..
The clutch points 9 are so thrown out of connection with centre plate 8 by the
dropping of the forward point of clutch lever t into and against the notch 7 in the
centre plate 8. Clutch points 9 do not reach quite across notch 7, and the
portion of the end of clutch lever which falls into said notch being made of an
increasing width from its forward end back, it crowds the clutch points back out of
their locking grooves by running between them (the points) and the inner face of
flange 14, and fetches up against the bottom of notch 7 and stops that portion of the
clutch to the right of the centre plate and the latter also. These parts rest motionless
only during one balf of a revolution of shaft A3, for in the periphery of flange 15
are set two pins 16, each of which is equidistant from said clutch points, the latter
passing quite through flange 15. The forward end of clutch lever t is wider on the
top than its under portion, which drops into notch 7, said wider portion projecting
sidewise over that portion of flange 15 in which pins 16 are set, and is formed as
shown in Figure 1, so that when flange 15 in its revolution brings one of pins 16
under the end of said clutch lever, said pin lifts the end of said lever out of notch 7 in
centre plate 8, in which upward position it is retained by spring n and latch 2,
Figure 3, and so that the clutch points 10 are permitted to spring and again put in
motion with eccentric a, and again into their grooves in centre plate 8, crank a³,
and their connections. Thus the drop of the end of the clutch lever t into notch 7
produces the half of a revolution rest heretofore alluded to.
It has been heretofore remarked that the hub of ratchet al on screw shaft b,
Figures 1, 4, has a segmental cut in it of one fourth of its circumference. This is
so made to permit the ratchets to make one fourth of a turn when taking up a
reverse motion without moving the screw shaft b and carriage B, and said one fourth
of a revolution rest with the one half of a revolution rest of eccentric and crank
produced by the disconnection of the clutch A+ already described, produce together
the required rest of the card at the end of the row of teeth, while the last tooth of
the row is being set, and while the twill is being changed.
'

page_text: Having described the devices by which the carriage is at the end of each row of
teeth caused to rest the requisite time for the purposes above stated, I will now
describe the devices and their oporation, by which the pawls i', i³, are caused to
operate successively, first upon one and then upon the other of ratchets a¹ and all,
so as to reverse the motion of screw shaft b, and by which the feed-up of the card
and the twill are produced..
As before stated, slide v, Figure 2, is caused to move by the carriage at the end
of each row of teeth set. By reference to Figure 2 it will be seen that there are
two rectangular openings 6, 7, through said slide, and that the ends of said openings
next to the centre of said slide are beveled off as shown by two dotted lines x, x,
Figure 2. Under said slide in the frame are drilled two holes, in which are inserted
two loosely fitting pins 17, 18, their top ends of a convex form and their bottom
ends fork shaped. The lower ends of said pins stand astride of springs o, o¹, Figures
on 1, 2, the rear ends of which are firmly fastened to the under side of the frame at 19,
Figure 1, a certain distance from their point of contact with said pins, these being
the same springs heretofore referred to as running forward and terminating in a
half circle bend by the side of ratchets a¹¹, a12, Figures 1, 13, and 14. Thus it is
obvious that when slide v is moved by the carriage so that one of openings 20, 27, is
brought over the end of one of pins 17, 18, the pin heretofore held down by said
slide and bearing down with it one of said springs o, o¹, will rise up, letting the
spring upon which it bears rise up also. This movement of the spring lifts up the
pawlor, as heretofore described, and allows it to swing with the movements of
the sector without permitting it to engage in the teeth of its ratchet. At the same
time that the pin just mentioned rises up, the second pin is by the same movement
of the slide pressed down by the boveled edge of the adjoining opening as it slides
against it, bringing the top end of the pin to press squarely against the underside of
slide v.
This depresses the second spring and allows the pawl which it held up to
drop upon its ratchet and engage in the teeth thereof. Thus by the alternate
lifting and dropping of said pawls by said springs the reversing intermittent rotary
notions of screw shaft b are produced.
The feed-up and twill motions are produced by the oscillating movements of what
I call a "twill bar," B', Figures 1, 11, and 13. Said twill bar is pivoted at each
end to the frame, said pivots being placed as shown at 20, Figure 11. Projecting
from one side near the left hand end is an arm 21, serving as a counter balance or
weight to other parts on the opposite side of said bar. On the right hand end
is a bent arm a¹, Figures 7, 11, and 14, and inserted through the end of it at right
angles to it is an arbor a, Figures 5, 7. On said arbor is placed a swinging arm 22
with a hollow hub 23, in which is a notch 24 slipping over a stop pin 25 set in
said arbor. Said notch 24 is wide enough to allow said swinging bar to oscillate
to a limited extent on said arbor a¹ One end of said arbor passes loosely through
a slot 26 in the end of pitman aº, Figures 5, 7, and 14, and is there secured by a
nut on its end. The opposite end of said arbor projects beyond the face of said
arm a, and enters a slot in a catch support a¹, Figure 7. At cach end of the said slot
in each catch support is an adjusting set screw P, P, by which the degree of up and
down movement of the arbor a can be regulated. Hung on the side of said sup-
porta¹ is a catch 27 arranged so that its edge next to arbora presses against the latter
by the action of a spring 28, Figures 1 and 13, bearing on a bent arm at its upper
end. From a point on the edge of said catch 27 the edge is filed away, making a
sharp incline toward each end of said catch, so that the end of arbor a, in moving
up or down in the slot in support a¹, presses said catch back as it passes over the
high point on it and the incline from the point of rest of said arbor at up to the
high point on the catch serves to prevent any movement of bent arm as unless it
be actuated by its proper connections.
Swinging bar 22, Figures 5, 7, is arranged to be operated and thrown into and
out of connection with the slotted end of pitman aº, Figure 5, by the cord 29 and
retracting spring 30. Said cord is caused by its attachment to slide v to draw over
the end of the swinging bar to which it is attached, far enough to bring a projection

page_text: 31 on its face down, about to the centre of the slot in the pitman a³, when the
pitman in its upward movement will catch against projection 31, and carry said
swinging bar, its arbor a¹ and bent arm a to twill bar B¹ up with it, where it
will be held by catch 27, until slide vis pushed back to a reverse position, when
cord 29 being released, retracting spring 30 causes swinging bar 22 to regain its
previous position, in which a second projection 32 on the face of said swinging bar
is brought into position to be struck by the upper end of the slot in pitman aⓇ in
its next downward movement, and so carry bent arm a down again, thus turning
twill bar B¹ back to its previous position. Cord 29 passes over pulley 33, Figure 5,
and thence the end is secured to the stud 34, attached to arm 35 on slide v, Figure 2.
The upper end of pitman aª is connected to shaft A², by eccentric a³, Figures 1, 13,
and 14; and the portion of its face next to swinging bar 22, above the lines 36, 37,
is cut away to allow of a free upward movement of the pitman a, when swinging
bar 22 stands in the position shown in Figure 5, without drawing the swinging bar
and its connections up with it. Thus, through the movements of slide v, actuated
by the carriage and its connections with the devices hereinbefore described, the
twill-bar is made to swing in one direction on the completion of a row of teeth in
the leather, and in an opposite direction on the completion of the next row, and
80 on.
A vertical section of twill bar B' is shown in Figures 11 and 13, with a portion
of its bent arm a, in which may be seen the shape of its top edge beveled from its
sides to a high point in the centre. The same Figure also shows lifting block as in
its relative position to twill bar B', by which it may be seen that the oscillatory
movements of said twill bar produce a lifting and falling motion in said block, and
in the end of lever 6s to which it is attached, and through the same to rod b**
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11.
On shaft c', Figures 1, 8, 9, is placed inside of wheel c, arm 38, which swings
freely up and down. On said arm is fitted slide 39, which may be moved to any
required position on said arm, and be there secured by set screw 40, Figure 9. To
the lower end of slide 39 is hinged rod 64, the lower end of which is suitably con-
nected to lever b³ on or near block a¹8.
Attached also to arm 38, Figures 1, 9, is a friction pawl 68 swinging freely on
screw x, the hole for which in said arm is slightly elongated. The opposite end of
said friction pawlis of a hook shape arranged to bear when said end is down against
the outer surface of said wheel c, and against a portion of the inside of the rim, and
so get a biting hold on it. Thus each time the lifting block as is raised by the
action of the twill bar, wheel c is revolved to a degree determined by the position
of slide 39 on arm 38, and with the revolving of said wheel, its shaft c¹, and spiral
gears & on the same, and spiral gears d³, with which the former ones interlock on
the upper ends of screw shafts D, the latter operate to raise the leather secured to
bars a17, a¹8, as hereinbefore mentioned.
It will be seen that when arm 38 falls, the end of pawl 65 which hooks around
the edge of wheel c, freely slides around the rim of same, and is made to turn the
wheel by having its end which is secured to arm 38 lifted up, until the hooked part
of it bites and lifts up on the rim of the wheel.
On the arm attached to the end of the carriage, Figure 10, and running back, is
a lifting and falling lever 63 hung on screw y. On the opposite end is fixed lifting
block as. On the side of lever 63 is an elbow shaped latch fswinging on screw ƒ³,
and having a slot m through it. A pin m³ is inserted through said slot into the
before mentioned arm.
On the back side of the carriage, as shown in Figure 8, are attached a series of
will setting devices which are operated by lever 63, Figure 10, and they consist of
base plate 42, in which are cut two openings 43, 44, of the form of a parallelogram,
whose top and bottom lines run obliquely to the vertical lines of said base plate.
Said base plate is moveable obliquely on the carriage sliding on blocks 45, 46, fitted
o said openings, but enough narrower than they are to allow of the requisite
blique movement of base plate thereon. Said blocks 45, 46, are screwed to the

page_text: carriage, and a flange on the ends of one of said blocks secures said base plate
against the carriage. Hung on the face of said base plate 42 is a crooked lever 47,
the face of the under side of which is serrated. Said lever 47 is pressed down by a
spring 48 attached to said base plate. Hung also on the face of base plate 42 is a
second crooked lever 49, reaching by the side of lever 50 out over the top of lever
bs, and upon the same pivot upon which swings lever 49, but between it and the
base plate 42, is hung a pawl 51 pressed down by a spring 52, and attached to the
carriage is a serrated faced block 53, upon which the point of pawl 51 operates.
Hung on the carriage is a two pronged lever 50, the upper prong of which reaches
up to and directly under the end of lever 47, and like the latter, has also a serrated
face, the two serrated faces operating together for a purpose hereinafter described.
The lower prong of lever 50 reaches out over lever b³, Figures 8, 10, and has in
it two adjusting set screws 54, 55, by which it can be adjusted at a proper com-
mencing point of motion. The latter lever is held down against lever 6³ by any
conveniently arranged spring. A stud 56 is set in pawl 51, and plays in a slot in
lever 49, and a stud 57 set in lever 47 reaches out over the top edge of lever 49.
On arm next to lever 63, under lever 49 is set a block 58, upon which rests the
latter levor, and upon the under side of said lever 49 is a downwardly. projecting
spot 59.
Upon bar as of the carriage is, a block 60 arranged to be kept to a bearing
laterally against the vertical portion of the carriage and joining it, and against the
edge of base plate 42, by a spring attached to said bar, and pressing against the
vertical portion of the carriage on the end opposite to where the twill setting
devices are placed. Said twill setting devices operate as follows, viz. :-Lever b³
being raised by the operation of the twill bar upon block a¹³, it carries up the end
of lever 50, which in turn by the bearing of its serrated face against the serrated
face of lever 47 forces up obliquely the base plate 42 and its connections, and the
latter is retained at such elevation by the pawl 51, whose point drops into one of
the notches on block 53. Said upward and oblique movement of base plate 42
crowds the latter against block 60 on bar a¹8, and so moves the latter with the card
leather attached to it latterally by the points of the pricking and teeth sticking
devices, thus setting it off at the end of each row of teeth to produce the twill.
The before described movements are repeated the required number of times to
produce the necessary offset or lateral movements of the card, when base plate 42
will be lifted to its highest point, still retained there by pawl 51 as heretofore
described. While base plate 42 has been moving off obliquely, it has drawn lever
49 over block 58, until spot 59 on said lever rests upon said block, thus lifting up
its end higher than it was at the commencement of said oblique movements.
When lever 49 so rests high on block 58, the long end of latch f on the side of
lever b³ falls down and brings catch 61 on said latch under lever 49, and the next
upward movement of lever b³ lifts up lever 49, and the latter pressing against stud
57 in serrated lever 49, and stud 56 in pawl 51 lifts up the two latter so that they
trip them and let fall obliquely base plate 42 and its connections, and consequently
allowing bars a¹, a18, and the card thereon, to return laterally to their starting
point on the carriage.
Before the latch facts to trip the parts as heretofore described, the portion of
said latch below the notch 61 is bearing lightly against the side of lever 49,
actuated by the weight of its longer arm, and the notch falls under the lever when
the latter is raised sufficiently high. The purpose of the stud m¹ through the slot
in latch ƒ, is so that the weight of the latter may hang upon, said stud during the
last upward movement of lever b³, and at the moment the parts are tripped and
made to slide down, and so prevent any frictional resistance between catch ƒ and
the side of lever 49.
:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
July 1879.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Laffitte,
Paris. " IMPROVEMENTS IN CARD-SETTING MACHINES." A communication from
abroad by James Russell, Machinist, and Henry A. Collins, Gentleman, both of
Springfield, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine; Figure 2 is a detached longitudinal
view of a portion of the rear side of the machine, showing some of the working
parts thereto attached.
In Figure 1 a portion of the right hand end of the frame and of the carriage is
not represented, as upon the end of the latter would be shown if drawn parts that
would be identical with those on the opposite end of the carriage, which parts are
designated as follows, to wit, b, d, d¹, D, D², a¹º,
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a portion of the machine on the line x, x, Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a detached view of the ratchets a" and a¹, Figure 1, with the geared
sector a¹ and rack as removed so as to show, with the screw-shaft b on which they
are placed with the fixed collar b', the combination of these parts.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal side elevation of the bottom end of pitman aª, which
combines the principal devices by which the movements of the carriage B are
made to impart the change motion to the twill-bar B' at the proper time.
Figure 6 is a detached horizontal view of a portion of driving shaft A², Figure 1,
with the clutch A*.
Figure 7 is a back elevation of the lower end of pitman aº, Figures 1 and 5,
with twill-bar change device, showing its connection by arbor as with twill-bar
arm a¹, and a swinging support a¹ to the latter.
Figure 8 is an elevation of one end of the back side of the carriage B with a
portion of frame A of the machine, showing a part of the devices by which the
up-feed and twill motion of the carriage are produced, and also shows the lower
bar a18, to which the lower edge of the leather is attached, raised high, so as to show
its connection by nut a¹ with vertical screw-shaft D.
.
Figure 9 is an end clevation of lifting rod b*, lever or arm 38, friction-pawl 65,
and wheel c to the up-feed motion.
Figure 10 is an end elevation of the lower portion of Figure 8, showing the
lifting-block a¹³ and lever b with rod 6, which are actuated by the twill-bar B²,
Figures 1 and 11.
Figure 11 shows the relative positions of the twill-bar B' and lifting-
block a 18.
Figure 12 is a rear elevation of the machine without the legs, and with a portion
of the frame left off beyond the dotted line at the left, to which no working parts
are attached.
Figure 13 is a cross-section elevation of the machine through line a, a,
Figure 12.
Figure 14 is an end elevation of the machine looking the opposite way from
Figure 13, in which portions of the end of the frame which would obstruct the
view of its working parts are removed.
parts in all the
In the Drawings like letters and figures refer to like
illustrations.
The object of the Invention is to provide a machine for the above-named
purpose, which by reason of its peculiar and novel devices for producing and
governing the requisite mechanical movements therein can be run accurately at
a much higher speed than ordinary machines, and which will require a much
smaller outlay to keep it in running order than machines heretofore used for:

page_text: the said work have demanded; also to provide simple and effective devices for
producing the feed-up motion which without the removal from and substitution of
other parts on the machine permit of instantaneous adjustments of such a degree of
feed-up as may be required without being limited to such degree of up-feed of the
leather bars as the width of a ratchet wheel tooth may allow of; also to provide
simple and effective devices which govern by positive movements the twill of the
card; also to provide such devices as permit of and will produce rapid intermittent
movements of the carriage without giving any sudden shocks thereto during such
movements; also to provide by novel and effective devices for the stop and start-up
of the carriage at the end of the row of card-teeth while the last tooth of the row
is being set and while the twill is being given.
In machines heretofore constructed the carriage is moved by a rack and pawl
attachment, and said devices produce a movement of the carriage far from accurate,
or not nearly as much so as such work demands that it should be. Also to change
the feed-up motion in such machines it is necessary to use one ratchet wheel for each
size wire, and hence when a new size must be worked it becomes necessary to
remove a wheel from the machine and substitute another one therefore. Further-
more in such machines the twill motions are governed by pins set in a wheel, which
pins work against an inclined surface, and are likely by wear or irregular motion of
parts to operate the twill devices inaccurately.
The above mentioned and many other difficulties usually attending the successful
operation of this unusually complicated class of machinery are overcome by the
employment of these improvements.
The construction and operation of the machine are as follows, viz. -The leather
is secured to the carriage in the usual manner and drawn firm between the bars a¹7
and a18, Figure 1, by turning screws b³.
The pricking and teeth-setting devices common to other machines aro employed
and are adjusted in the usual manner, and the wire drawing lever has in use attached
to it the usual devices employed therewith for drawing the wire from a reel and so
supply it to the machine, the said pricking and teeth setting devices being located
upon the portions of the frame A and Aº, Figure 1, and upon the frame on the
opposite side of the card, and are operated by proper connections with shaft A²
Previous to starting up the machine the bars a" and a¹s holding the leather on the
carriage are lowered until the proper line near the upper edge upon which the first
row of teeth should be set is brought before the pricking and teeth setting devices.
Said bars are so lowered by holding up the friction pawl b³, Figures 1 and 9, which
leaves wheel c and its shaft c¹, Figures 1, 8, and 9, free to be turned back, thereby
operating screw shafts D, with which it is connected, and the nuts a thereon, by
spiral gears d, d', the ends of the lower one of said bars as resting on a rear pro-
jection on nuts a¹, Figure 8, which permit of a lateral motion to said bar, while it
may be carried up or down by said nut. Furthermore, said nut or nuts and bar
are partially secured to each other by an arm on said nut, which reaches out onto
the face of said bar through an elongated hole, in which a screw passes into the bar.
Said screw shafts D, one at each end of the carriage, are attached to the carriage by
supports D, and their lower ends are stepped in countersunk spots on the base of
carriage B, and are kept in a fixed vertical position by collars placed on them
directly under supports D². The leather having been adjusted vertically, as here-
tofore described, the degree of the longitudinal movements of the carriage to and
fro governing the length of the rows of teeth is determined by setting stop-blocks
ds, ds, at such graduating marks on the carriage base as will indicate the required
length of said rows of teeth.
The next required adjustment is to move the carriage on the frame so that the
teeth setting will be commenced at or near the end of the leather. This is done by
turning screw shaft b by a crank attached to one end of it, but it can be more
quickly and conveniently done by disengaging nut E, which is secured to the under
side of arm H on carriage B from said shaft, when the carriage may be slid at will
upon the frame. Said nut E is divided longitudinally, and each half of it is

page_text: operated to be opened and shut from and against said screw shaft by a cam
attached to handle F, and upon disengaging catch c³ from a notch in the central
circular portion of said handle, and moving the handle in a direction from the
carriage the nut E is opened away from the screw shaft, and a contrary subsequent
movement of handle F brings the two halves of said nut again firmly into position
against the screw shaft, and catch c² so retains it in place. The office of vertical
support ³ on carriage B, Figure 1, is to prevent bar a" from sliding longitudinally
and from falling forward, and to make it move with bar a¹8, to which it is
attached.
•
Shaft A is set in motion by a belt running upon pulley A¹. Upon said shaft is
a cam A³, the face of which runs directly against the end of sliding bar h, and said
operation of the cam, in combination with any suitable spring or weight operating
to press the end of said bar against said cam, gives said sliding bar a reciprocating
movement at right angles to said shaft A³. The said sliding bar is guided by a
stud e coming up through a slot in it, and its forked shaped end sliding each side of
block e. This sliding bar h has a slot h¹ cut across it obliquely to receive the
short bar h, which is attached by and swings on a stud i to wire drawing lever K.
Thus the reciprocating movements of sliding bar h produce the required oscillating
movements of the end of wire drawing lever longitudinally with the frame of the
machine.
Suppose the machine to be running and through the connections of crank a³ and
pitman a7 with rack as the latter is given an obliquely reciprocating motion sliding
in its support and track aº. Upon screw shaft b turning freely thereon is placed a
geared sector a operated by said rack a³. Said sector is provided with an
upwardly projecting arm, on the sides of which are placed two pawls i, i², so hung
that one of them is operative at each rotating reciprocating movement of said
geared sector. Placed upon said screw shaft, one on each side of said geared sector,
are two ratchets a", as, which are turned by the pawls on the sector a10, the
notches on said ratchets being so made as to be operated upon by pawls moving
in opposite directions. The hubs to said ratchets interlock, as shown in Figure 4,
the sector a riding over such interlocking portion. The outside end of the hub
of the right hand ratchet al projects beyond the face thereof, and between the end
of said hub and the adjoining box to the screw shaft is interposed a spiral spring
and collar for the purpose of producing sufficient frictional resistance against the
hubs of said ratchets to prevent their turning during the backward movements of
sector a10 and its pawls.
Interposed between the left hand ratchet a¹ and the adjoining box to screw
shaft b is a collar b¹ firmly fixed to said screw shaft. In the edge of said collar
next to said ratchet is set a pin projecting toward ratchet al, and on the edge
of the hub of said ratchet is a segmental cut around one fourth of its circum-
ference, and said pin has a free oscillating movement from end to end of said
cut.
Attached to the underside of the rear of the frame of the machine are two slim
springs o, o¹, which run forward, and turning up. back of and a little.to one side of
ratchets a, a, have their ends bent to conform nearly to the circle described by
the peripheries of said ratchets, and about one half of their circumference.
Pins o², o, are placed one in the side of each of the pawls i, i³, near their
dropping ends and reach out over the circular portion of said springs o, o While
sector a is in operation carrying through screw shaft 6 the carriage B in one
direction, one of said springs o, o', is depressed to allow one of said pawls to operate
and turn one of the ratchets, and when the motion of the carriage is reversed the
pawl last operating is by one of said springs o, o', lifted up away from its ratchet,
and the other spring is depressed, allowing the opposite pawl to operate on its
proper ratchet, and so reverse the motion of screw-shaft b. The means by which
said springs o, o¹, are caused to operate as heretofore set forth will be described
further on.
The adjustment required to swing the sector and the pawls i¿¹. 2º a proner

page_text: distance beyond the ends of the ratchet-teeth so as to avoid shocks in the forward
movements and to take up for wear of parts is provided for by means of a sliding
crank-pin in crank a, whereby said crank-pin may be fixed nearer to or further
from the centre of said crank or of the crank-shaft. Said crank-pin consists of a
screw passing through a box in halves in the end of pitman a³, and said screw
passes through a slot in crank a³, and thence screwing into a nut on the side of
said crank opposite to said pitman. A shoulder on said crank-pin is interposed
between the pitman and crank. By turning back screw o' in crank a³, and by
loosening the screw-crank-pin the latter may be slid toward the end of crank a³.
Then by partially tightening up on the screw crank-pin and turning down screw o*
the crank pin may be adjusted to give the proper swing to pawls ¿', ³, and the
screw crank-pin may then be firmly screwed home.
The carriage having been made to move on the frame the required length of a
row of card-teeth will, upon so completing said movement, draw one of stop
blocks d³, d³, Figure 2, against a projection r, Figure 1, on slide v, Figure 2, on the
rear part of the frame A under the carriage B, and at each end of each row of teeth
set said slide is caused to change its position by said movement of the carriage.
The change of position of said slide by the operation of devices connected therewith,
as will hereinafter be described, so acts as to stop the operation of one pawl and
ratchet, and set the other one in operation, causes the clutch A' on shaft A³ to be i
disconnected during one half of a revolution of said shaft, and operates to elevate
the card on the carriage and to change the twill. Said slide has attached to said
projection a fixed arm 8, Figure 1; hinged to the end of arm 8 is a swinging
arın s², Figure 1, terminating in a head opposite to projection 7, the under side of
said head being beveled to a point in the centre, the faces of said bevels being at
right angles to the length of said arm.
Under said beveled head is set in the frame of the machine a block o³ corre-
sponding in form to the beveled portion of said hend. Saidi block o³ is set in a slot
in said frame, and is adjustable longitudinally by screws d³, d³, in each end of it,
by which it may be so sot as to produce the lift of arms at precisely the right time,
and by them is made fast to the frame.
Attached to the head of arm 81 by a screw or otherwise is a metallic or other
band I, Figures 2 and 3, which passes downward and over a pulley j, and thence
forward and over a second pulley j¹, and thence upward, and is attached to the end
of a spring n under the rear end of clutch lever t, Figures 3 and 14. When not:
drawn down by said metallic band spring n bears up against a shoulder formed
upon the side of swinging latch 2, which latch is hung by stud on said clutch lever,
Figure 3, and retains it in the position there shown, bearing against stud 3 in the
portion A³ of the frame, thus keeping the rear end of clutch-lever & down.
As soon
however as the end of spring n is drawn down spring 4 operates to elevate the rear
end of clutch lover t, and latch 2 takes the position shown by the dotted lines 5, 6.
The upward action of arm s', Figure 2, is only instantaneous, and it immediately
drops down again with the point on the under side of the head on the other side of
block of ready for the next clutch change movement. Meanwhile by the said action
of arm 8 and the parts combined therewith, as described, the forward end of clutch
levert has been permitted to fall into a notch 7 in the periphery of centro plate 8
to clutch A. Said centre plate 8 is formed as shown in Figures 1, 3, 6, and has on
its face next to clutch points 9 and their hub 10, Figures 1, 6, two grooves cut in a
line radiating from its centre into which said clutch points interlock, said clutchi
points extending from one side into notch 7, Figure 3, at the bottom or deepest
part thereof, Figures 1, 3. The hub 10 of said clutch point slides to and fro on
shaft A being splined thereon, and is held up against centre plate 8 by spring 11,
Figure 3. The opposite side of centre plate 8 is provided with two projections
12, 13, Figure 3, extending into perforations in flange 14; and on the bearing sides
of said perforations between them and said projections are inserted rubber or other
elastic cushions for the purpose of relieving the parts started up by the sudden
imovements of that part of the clutch from any injurious effects from the shock.

page_text: Shaft A³ passes completely through the clutch point hub 10, flango and hub 15,
centre plate 8, and flange and long hub 14, eccentric a* and crank a being attached
to the latter hub to the right of box L, Figure 1. Thus the clutch points 9 being
thrown out of connection with centre plate 8 it is obvious that the incvements of
eccentric at and crank a³ will cease. The clutch points 9 are so thrown out of
connection with centre plate 8 by the dropping of the forward point of clutch
levert into and against the notch 7 in the centre plate 8. Clutch-points 9 do not
reach quite across notch 7, and, the portion of the end of clutch lever which falls
into, said notch being made of an increasing width from its forward end back it
crowds the clutch points back out of their locking grooves by running between
them (the points) and the inner face of flange 14, and fetches up against the bottom
of notch 7 and stops that portion of the clutch to the right of the contre plate and
the latter also. These parts rest motionless only during one half of a revolution of
shaft A, for in the periphery of flange 15 are set two pins 16, each of which is
equi-distant from said clutch points, the latter passing quite through flange 15.
The forward end of clutch levert is wider on the top than its under portion, which
drops into notch 7, said wider portion projecting sidewise over that portion of
flange 15 in which pins 16 are set, and is formed as shown in Figure 1, so that
when flange 15 in its revolution brings one of pins 16 under the end of said clutch
lever said pin lifts the end of said lever out of notch 7 in centre plate 8, in which
upward position it is retained by spring n and latch 2, Figure 3, and so the clutch
points 10 are permitted to spring and again put in motion with eccentric a', and
again into their grooves in centre plate 8, crank a7, and their connections. Thus
the drop of the end of the clutch-lever into notch 7 producos the half of a
revolution rest heretofore alluded to.
It has been heretofore marked that the hub of ratchet a¹ on screw shaft b.
Figures 1, 4, has a segmental cut in it of one fourth of its circumference. This is
so made to permit the ratchets to make one fourth of a turn when taking up a
reverse notion without moving the screw-shaft b and carriage B, and said one
fourth of a revolution rest with the one half of a revolution rest of eccentric and
crank produced by the disconnection of the clutch A* already described produced
together the required rest of the card at the end of the row of teeth, whilst the
last tooth of the row is being set and while the twill is being changed.
Having described the devices by which the carriage is, at the end of each row of
teeth, caused to rest the requisite time for the purposes above stated, I will now
describe the devices and their operation by which the pawls i, i, are caused to
operate successively first upon one and then upon the other of ratchets a¹ and a
so as to reverse the motion of screw shaft b, and by which the feed-up of the card
and the twill are produced.
As before stated slide v, Figure 2, is caused to move by the carriage at the
end of each row of teeth set. By reference to Figure 2 it will be seen that there
are two rectangular openings 6, 7, through said slide, and that the ends of said
openings next to the centre of said slide are beveled off as shown by two dotted
lines x, x, Figure 2. Under said slide in the frame are drilled two holes, in which
are inserted two loosely fitting pins 17, 18, their top ends of a convex form, and
their bottom ends fork shaped. The lower ends of said pins stand astride of
springs o, o, Figures 1, 2, the rear ends of which are firmly fastened to the under
side of the frame at 19, Figure 1, a certain distance from their point of contact with
said pins, these being the same springs heretofore referred to as running forward
and terminating in a half circle bend by the side of ratchets a¹¹, a¹³, Figures 1,
13, 14. Thus it is obvious that when slide v is moved by the carriage so that one.
of openings 6, 7, is brought over the end of one of pins 17, 18, the pin heretofore
held down by said slide, and bearing down with it one of said springs o, o¹, will
rise up letting the spring upon which it bears rise up also. This movement of the
spring lifts up the pawl i' or as heretoforo described, and allows it to swing with
the movements of the sector without permitting it to engage in the teeth of its
ratchet. At the same time that the pin just mentioned rises up, the second pin is.
-

page_text: by the same movement of the slide pressed down by the beveled edge of the
adjoining opening as it slides against it, bringing the top end of the pin to press
squarely against the under side of slide v. This depresses the second spring and
allows the pawl which it held up to drop upon its ratchet and engage in the teeth
thereof. Thus by the alternate lifting and dropping of said pawls by said springs
the reversing intermittent rotary motions of screw-shaft 6 are produced.
The feed-up and twill motions are produced by the oscillating movements of
what I call a twill bar" B', Figures 1, 11, and 13. Said twill bar is pivoted at
each end to the frame, said pivots being placed as shown at 20, Figure 11. Pro-
jecting from one side near the left hand end is an arm 21, serving as a counter
balance or weight to other parts on the opposite side of said bar. On the right
hand oud is a bent arm a¹, Figures 7, 11, and 14, and aro inserted through the end
of it; at right angles to it is an arbor a, Figures 5, 7. On said arbor is placed a
swinging bar 22 with a hollow hub 23, in which is a notch 24 slipping over a stop
pin 25 set in said arbor. Said notch 24 is wide enough to allow said swinging bar
to oscillate to a limited extent on said arbor a. One end of said arbor passes
loosely through a slot 26 in the end of pitman aº, Figures 5, 7, and 14, and is
there secured by a nut on its end. The opposite end of said arbor projects beyond
the face of said arm a, and enters a slot in a catch support a1, Figure 7. At each
end of the said slot in said catch support is an adjusting set screw P, P¹, by which
the degree of up and down movement of the arbor a¹ can be regulated. Hung on
the side of said support a is a catch 27 arranged so that its edge next to arbor a¹s
presses against the latter by the action of a spring 28, Figures 1 and 13 bearing
on a bent arm at its upper end. From a point on the edge of said catch 27 the
edge is filed away making a sharp incline toward each end of said catch, so that
the end of arbor at in moving up or down in the slot in support a¹6 presses
said catch back as it passes over the high point on it, and the incline from the
point of rest of said arbor a" up to the high point on the catch serves to prevent
any movement of bent arm a¹s unless it be actuated by its proper connections.
Swinging bar 22, Figures 5, 7, is arranged to be operated and thrown into and out
of connection with the slotted end of pitman a, Figure 5, by the cord 29 and
retracting spring 30. Said cord is caused by its attachment to slide v to draw
over the end of the swinging bar to which it is attached far enough to bring a
projection 31 on its face down about to the centre of the slot in the pitman aⓇ when
the pitman in its next upward movement will catch against projection 31 and
carry said swinging bar, its arbor a", and bent arm a to twill bar B¹ up with it
where it will be held by catch 27 until slide v is pushed back to a reverse position,
when cord 29 being released retracting spring 30 causes swinging bar 22 to regain
its previous position, in which a second projection 32 on the face of said swinging
bar is brought into position to be struck by the upper end of the slot in pitman a
in its next downward movement and so carry bent arm a down again, thus
turning twill bar B¹ back to its previous position. Cord 29 passes over pulley 33,
Figuro 5, and thence the end is secured to the stud 34 attached to arm 35 on slide v
Figure 2. The upper end of pitman a6 is connected to shaft A2 by eccentric a*,
Figures 1, 13, and 14, and the portion of its face next to swinging bar 22 above the
lines 36, 37, is cut away to allow of a free upward movement of the pitman a³,
when swinging bar 22 stands in the position shown in Figure 5, without drawing
the swinging bar and its connections up with it. Thus through the movements of
slide actuated by the carriage and its connections with the devices hereinbefore
described, the twill bar is made to swing in one direction on the completion of a
row of teeth in the leather and in an opposite direction on the completion of the
next row, and so on.
A vertical section of twill bar B¹ is shown in Figures 11 and 13, with a portion
of its bent arm a¹, in which may be seen the shape of its top edge beveled from its
sides to a high point in the centre. The same Figure also shows lifting block als
in its relative position to twill bar B¹ by which it may be seen that the oscillatory
movements of said twill bar produce a lifting-and-falling motion in said block, and

page_text: in the end of lever 68 to which it is attached, and through the same to rod 64,
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11.
On shaft c', Figures 1, 8, 9, is placed inside of wheel carm 38, which swings
freely up and down. On said arm is fitted slide 39 which may be moved to any
required position on said arm, and be there secured by set screw 40, Figure 9. To
the lower end of slide 39 is hinged rod b' the lower end of which is suitably con-
nected to lever 6³ on or near block a¹s
Attached also to arm 38, Figures 1, 9, is a friction pawl b swinging freely on
screw the hole for which in said arm is slightly elongated. The opposite end of
said friction pawl is of a hook shape arranged to bear when said end is down against
the outer surface of said wheel c, and against a portion of the inside of the rim, and
so get a biting hold on it. Thus each time the lifting block as is raised by the
action of the twill bar, wheel o is revolved to a degreo determined by the position
of slide 39 on arm 38, and with the revolving of said wheel, its shaft c', and spiral
gears d on the same, and spiral gears d' with which the former ones interlock, on
the upper ends of screw shafts D, the latter operate to raise the leather secured to
bars a, as, as hereinbefore mentioned,
.
It will be seen that when arm 38 falls, the end of pawl 6, which hooks around
the edge of wheel c, freely slides around the rim of same, and is made to turn the
wheel by having its end which is secured to arm 38 lifted up until the hooked part
of it bites and lifts up on the rim of the wheel.
On the arm attached to the end of the carriage Figure 10 and running back is
a lifting and falling lever 63 hung on screw y. On the opposite end is fixed lifting
blocks a¹³. On the side of lever b³ is an elbow shaped latch f swinging on screw f¹,
and having a slot m through it. A pin m² is inserted through said slot into the
before mentioned arm. On the back side of the carriage as shown in Figure 8 are
attached a series of twill setting devices, which are operated by lever b³, Figure 10,
and they consist of a base-plate 42 in which are cut two openings 43, 44, of the
form of a parallelogram, whose top and bottom lines run obliquely to the vertical
lines of said base plate. Said base plate is movable obliquely on the carriage
sliding on blocks 45, 46, fitted to said openings, but enough narrower than they are
to allow of the requisite oblique movement of base-plate thereon. Said blocks
45, 46, are screwed to the carriage and a flange on the ends of one of said blocks
secures said base-plate against the carriage. Hung on the face of said base plate
42 is a crooked lever 47, the face of the under side of which is serrated. Said
lever 47 is pressed down by a spring 48 attached to said base-plate. Hung also on
the face of base-plate 42 is a second crooked lever 49, reaching by the side of
lever 50 out over the top of lever 6s, and upon the same pivot upon which swings
lever 49, but between it and the base plate 42 is hung a pawl 51 pressed down by
a spring 52, and attached to the carriago is a serrated faced block 53 upon which
the point of pawl 51 operates. Hung on the carriage is a two pronged lever 50,
the upper prong of which reaches up to and directly under the end of lever 47, and
like the latter has also a serrated face, the two serrated faces operating together
for a purpose hereinafter described.
The lower prong of lever 50 reaches out over lever 6³, Figures 8, 10, and has in
it two adjusting set screws 54, 55, by which it can be adjusted at a proper
commencing point of motion. The latter lever is held down against lever b³ by
any conveniently arranged spring. A stud 56 is set in pawl 51 and plays in a slot
in lever 49; and a stud 57 set in lever 47 reaches out over the top edge of lever 49.
On arm next to lever b³ under lever 49 is set a block 58 upon which rosts the
latter lever, and upon the under side of said lever 49 is a downwardly projecting
spot 59.
Upon bar as of the carriage is a block 60 arranged to be kept to a bearing
laterally against the vertical portion of the carriage, and joining it, and against the
edge of base plate 42 by a spring attached to said bar, and pressing against the
vertical portion of the carriage on the end opposite to where the twill setting
devices are placed. Said twill setting devices operato as follows, viz. :-Lever b³ being

page_text: raised by the operation of the twill bar upon block a¹³, it carries up the end of
lever 50 which in turn by the bearing of its serrated face against the serrated face
of lever 47 forces up obliquely the base plate 42 and its connections, and the latter
is retained at such elevation by the pawl 51, whose point drops into one of the
notches on block 53. Said upward and oblique movement of base plate 42 crowds
the latter against block 60 on bar a¹8, and so moves the latter with the card leather
attached to it laterally by the points of the pricking and teeth-sticking devices,
thus setting it off at the end of each row of teeth to produce the twill.
The before described movements are repeated the required number of times to
produce the necessary offset or lateral movements of the card, when base plate 42
will be lifted to its highest point still retained there by pawl 51 as heretofore
described. While base-plate 42 has been moving off obliquely, it has drawn
lever 49 over block 58 until spot 59 on said lever rests upon said block, thus
lifting up its end higher than it was at the commencement of said oblique move-
.ments. When lever 49 so rests high on block 58, the long end of latch on the
side of lever 68 falls down and brings catch 61 on said latch under lever 49, and
the next upward movement of lever b³ lifts up lever 49, and the latter pressing
against stud 57 in serrated lever 49 and stud 56 in pawl 51 lifts up the two
latter, so that they trip them and let fall obliquely base plate 42 and its con-
nections, and consequently allowing bars a", a18, and the card thereon to return
laterally to their starting point on the carriage.
Before the latch facts to trip the parts as heretofore described, the portion of said
latch below the notch 61 is bearing lightly against the side of lever 49 actuated
by the weight of its longer arm, and the notch falls under the lever when the
latter is raised sufficiently high. The purpose of the stud m³ through the slot in
latch fis so that the weight of the latter may hang upon said stud during the
last upward movement of lever b³, and at the moment the parts are tripped and
made to slide down; and so prevent any frictional resistance between catch fand
the side of lover 49.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,—
1. In a machine for setting card-teeth, the combination of driving shaft A²,
cam A³, sliding bar h with its oblique slot h¹, stud e, block e', wire drawing lever K,
and its stud i, and obliquely sliding bar h², substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
2. The combination of the eccentric a*, pitman aº, with its slotted lower end and
its uneven face above lines 36, 37, and flange and long hub 14 to clutch A*,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination with pitman as of arbor as with its stop pin 25, swinging
bar 22 with its hollow hub 23, and its projections 31 and 32, cord 29, retracting
spring 30, and slide v, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination with arbor a" of twill-bar-arm support al with its adjusting
screws P, P¹, catch 27, and spring 28, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
5. T'will bar B' and its bent arm a¹s, in combination with arbor a14, support a¹º,
swinging bar 22, and pitman a6, substantially as set forth.
6. In combination, slide with its fixed arm 8, and lifting arm s³, pointed
block of on frame A, metallic band I, spring n, latch 2, stud 3, clutch lever t,
spring 4, and clutch A4, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
7. Pointed block o secured to and adjustable on frame A by set screws d², d³,
substantially as set forth.
8. In a machine for setting card teeth, the twill bar B¹ having intermittent
oscillatory movements, said movements being communicated to it through suitable
connections with the intermittently moving pitman aº, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
9. In a machine for the above specified purpose, the twill bar B¹ combined with

page_text: pitman a, slide v, cord 29, swinging bar 22, spring 30, and carriage B, whereby
said slide by the movements of said carriage against it causes the oscillation of
the twill-bar on the arrival of said carriage at predetermined points in its
longitudinal movements on frame A, substantially as set forth.
10. The combination of carriage B, stop blocks d², d³, projection r, and slide v,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
11. The combination of stop blocks d², d³, with graduating marks on the base of
carriage B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
12. The combination of carriage B, stop blocks d³, d³, slide v, projection r
fixed arm 8, lifting arm a', and block o, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
13. The combination of slide v, its arm 35, stud 34, cord 29, swinging bar 22,
and retracting spring 30, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
14. The combination with a suitable operating clutch on shaft A² of crank aº,
pitman a7, rack a³, rack support a³, geared sector a10, pawls i, i³, ratchets a¹¹, a¹³,
and screw shaft b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
15. The combination of the intermittingly-rotating screw-shaft b, the longi-
tudinally divided nut E, and carriage B, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
16. The combination with the screw shaft 6 of the longitudinally divided nut E,
cam handle F, and catch c², substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
17. The combination of sector a¹o, ratchets a¹¹, a¹s pawls ¹, i³, and springs
o and o', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
18. The combination of springs o, o¹, pins 17, 18, and slide v, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
19. The combination of carriage B, slide v, pins 17, 18, and springs o, o', sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
20. The combination of crank a³, pitman a³, rack a³, sector a¹º, pawls i¹, i³,
ratchets a, a, springs o, o', pins 17, 18, slide v, and carriage B, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
21. The combination of ratchets a¹¹, a¹³, collar b', and its pin i³, screw shaft b,
sector alo, rack a³, pawls i¹, i³, pitman a², and crank a³, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
22. Ratchet a with its segmental cut on its hub in combination with collar b'
with its pin i, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
23. The combination of spring collar is, ratches a", a¹, collar b¹, and its pin 2³,
and screw shaft b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
24. In a machine for setting card teeth, the combination with a screw shaft and
nut for moving the carriage of reversely operating ratchets, which ratchets are
caused to rotate by a geared sector having a reciprocating rotary motion, and
carrying on it suitable pawls for rotating said ratchets in opposite directions,
substantially as set forth.
25. The combination of clutch lever t, clutch A, hollow shaft 14, crank a,
pitman a7, rack a³, geared sector a¹º, pawls i¹, i³, ratchets all, a¹, collar b¹ with its
pin whereby screw shaft b is caused to cease it movements temporarily,
substantially as set forth.
26. In a machine for setting card teeth, the combination with the carriage B of
reversely operating ratchets a", as, the intermittently rotating screw shaft b, and a
nut E, the reverse movements of said ratchets being caused by the arrival of Baid
carriage at predetermined points in its longitudinal movements on frame A,
substantially as set forth.
27. The combination of twill-bar B¹, lifting block a¹, lever 68, rod b*, slide 39,
arm 38, friction pawl 6, and wheel c, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
28. The combination with wheel c of shaft o³, spiral gears d, d², screw shafts D,
nuts a¹, and bar as, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
29. The combination of carriage B, screw shafts D, shafts c³, wheel c, spiral

page_text: gears d, d', arm 38, slide 39, friction pawl-65, rod 6, and lifting: block a,.substan-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
.. 30. The combination of lever 6³, two pronged lever. 50, lever. 47, spring 48,
pawl 51, serrated faced block 53, and base plate 42, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
31. The combination with base plate 42 arranged to move obliquely on
carriage B of block 60, bar a¹³, vertical support e³, and bar a¹, substantially as set
forth.
".
32. The combination of lever 6³, latch f with its notch 61, crooked lever 49,
block 58, pawl 51, and stud 57 on lever 47; substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
い
33. The combination of base plate 42, lever 47, spring 48, lever 50, lever 49,
pawl 51, spring 52, serrated faced block 53, blocks 45, 46, carriage B, lever 6³,
lifting block a¹³, and twill-bar B³, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
34. In combination, twill-bar B¹, lifting block a¹³, lever b³, rod 64, slide 39,
arm 38, pawl 65, wheel c, shaft c¹, spiral gears d, d', screw shafts D, nuts a¹º, bars
a17, as, latch, lever 49, lever 50, lever 47, spring 48, pawl 51, spring 52, serrated-
faced block 53, block 58, base-plate 42, blocks 45, 46, carriage B, and block 60 on
bar a18, whereby by an upward movement of lever bs actuated by the oscillating
movements of twill-bar B¹, the feed-up of the card and the set of the twill are
simultaneously effected.
35. The combination of lifting block a¹³, rod 64, slide 39, arm 38, friction pawl b³,
wheel c, and shaft c¹, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have hereunto set
L
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
M
TTTTTAM VORGAN DRAWAT