IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND VENTILATING, MORE ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO BUILDINGS, CARRIAGES, AND SHIPS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Brown, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING
AND VENTILATING, MORE ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO BUILDINGS, CARRIAGES,
AND SHIPS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE."
Sealed the 5th May 1863, and dated the 18th November 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Brown at th
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th November 1862.
I, ROBERT BROWN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WARMING AND VENTILATING, MORE ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO BUILDINGS, CARRIAGES,
AND SHIPS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows,
that is to say-
My Invention consists in ventilating buildings, ships, carriages, or other con-
fined spaces by the employment of a light, which may be gas or any other suitable
light, enclosed within a glass or glasses.. If two be employed a jacket will be
formed between them. The light is supported by the vitiated air of the room or
other confined space. Supposing that I desire to ventilate an apartment, a

page_text: tube from the upper part of the room conducts the vitiated atmosphere down
to the light, which may be placed at any part of the chamber. The impurities
of the atmosphere are thus consumed in passing through the flame, the
products of combustion being carried off into the open air by a confined tube
issuing above the flame and traversing the building in any direction to some
outer wall. By employing a second tube within the mouth of the exit tube at
the point where it meets the outside air, and allowing this second tube to open
into the apartment, I can supply warm fresh air to the room; the cold air
within the second tube being surrounded by the heated air passing out is
thereby heated and issues into the room warm and fresh. The exit tube is
of a telescopic form to admit of adjustment to the light, and the light is
placed upon a box or receiver, into which the ingress tube for the vitiated air
also passes. I thus obtain from the light of the apartment when artificially
lighted the means of ventilating, and also to some extent of warming the
room, and in summer I can place the apparatus in any position where its
warmth would not be objectionable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
BROWN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Robert Brown, Her special license that I, the said
Robert Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Robert Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND VENTILATING, MORE ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE
TO BUILDINGS, CARRIAGES, AND SHIPS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THAT
PURPOSE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert

page_text: Brown, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Brown, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
:.
My Invention consists in ventilating buildings, ships, carriages, or other
confined spaces by the employment of a light, which may be gas or any
other suitable light, enclosed within a glass or glasses. If two be employed
a jacket will be formed between them. The light is supported by the vitiated
air of the room or other confined space. Supposing that I desire to ventilate
an apartment, a tube from the upper part of the room conducts the
vitiated atmosphere down to the light, which may be placed at any
part of the chamber. The impurities of the atmosphere are thus consumed
on passing through the flame, the products of combustion being carried
off into the open air by a confined tube issuing above the flame and
traversing the building in any direction to some outer wall. By employing
a second tube within the mouth of the exit tube at the point where it
meets the outside air, and allowing this second tube to open into the
apartment I can supply warm fresh air to the room, the cold air within
the second tube being surrounded by the heated air passing out is thereby
heated, and issues into the room warm and fresh. The exit tube is of a
telescopic form to admit of adjustment to the light, and the light is placed
upon a box or receiver, into which the ingress tube for the vitiated
air also passes.
I thus obtain from the light of the apartment when
artificially lighted the means of ventilating, and also to some extent
of warming the room, and in summer. I can place the apparatus in any
position where its warmth would not be objectionable.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
'Figure 1 represents a front view of the apparatus by which the warming
and ventilating of any confined space may be effected, Figures 2 and 3
being vertical sections of the same as adapted to be used in an ordinary
apartment, in which it may be fixed on the wall or in any suitable position
so that the funnel (A) may be as near as possible to the ceiling, in which

page_text: position the foul air of the room passes into the funnel (A) and descends
through the tubes (B, B,) to an air-tight receptacle (C), whence it
can only escape within the glass or cylinder (D); passing through the
wire guaze (E) it meets the flame, which in this instance is represented
as a gas flame from a common Argand burner (F), though any other
light may be employed. This burner is furnished with a button which
answers the double purpose of diffusing the flame and quickening the
draught; as the air passes up the chimney (G) the unconsumed portion
becomes highly rarified and escapes through the telescopic tube (H);
in the direction of the arrows, seen in Figure 2, through a length of
ordinary gas tubing (I), terminating at its upper end in a syphon and
inserted at the lower end into a connecting tube (J), which is provided
with a tap (K) for the purpose of liberating any fluid which may condense
in the pipe. Fresh air enters the apartment by the funnel (L) covered
at its mouth with wire guaze to exclude dust or draught, the syphon
tube (1), connecting tube (J), and funnel (L) being fixed for convenience
on the outside of the wall, to the inner side of which the apparatus is
attached, the. tubes connecting the two parts passing through the wall.
The fresh air is thus conveyed by the inner tube (M) into the apartment
ssuing at the funnel (N), and as in its passage through the tube (M)
that tube has been surrounded by the heated air passing out, the air
that is admitted into the apartment will be warm though fresh. The
air-tight fitting of the several tubes may be ensured by packing or by
the employment of soft elastic washers at each junction, such as vulcanized
india-rubber. The whole of the apparatus may, if preferred, be placed
in the inside of an apartment or other confined space with the exception
of the funnel (L), which must be outside, and in this arrangement the
syphon tube (I) may be placed in a flue of a chimney or in any other
convenient spot. I thus obtain from the artificial light of a building,
apartment, or other confined space the means of carrying off the vitiated
atmosphere and a supply of fresh warm air. The apparatus may be applied
to pendent lamps, wall brackets, or any other description of lighting
apparatus, or if, as in summer, it be desired to avoid the heat of the light in
the daytime it may be used without light, when fresh cool air free from dust
will be admitted.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I claim, without limiting myself. to the
exact details herein described and illustrated, the improvements in warming
and ventilating buildings, apartments, or other confined spaces by means of

page_text: apparatus constructed substantially as herein more fully set forth and
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
ROBERT (L.s.). BROWN.