IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR SCARFS, TIES, CRAVATS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF Dress
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Walker, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FASTENINGS FOR SCARFS, TIES, CRAVATS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF Dress.”
Sealed the 12th April 1873, and dated the 2nd November 1872:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Walker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd November 1872.
I, THOMAS WALKER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR SCARFS, TIES, CRAVATS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
OF DRESS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing in the manner herein-after
described the parts of fastenings for scarfs, ties, cravats, and other
articles of dress.
The fastenings to which my Invention is applicable consist of two
parts; a box or case which is fixed in the interior of the knot or bow, or
upper part of the scarf, tie, or cravat, and a spring catch or tongue fixed
to the end of the neck band of the scarf, tie, or cravat the two parts of

page_text: the fastening being connected together by a stud on the spring catch
snapping into a semicircular notch or hole in the edge of the top plate
of the box or case.
According to my Invention, instead of making a small stud on the
spring catch I make on the upper side of the said catch a square or
rectangular projection, the said projection being raised out of the plane
of the catch by pressing tools, and I make in the middle of the top plate
of the box or case a square or rectangular hole of a size proper to receive
the projection described on the spring catch. When the spring catch is
introduced into the box it is compressed, and its projection snaps into
the hole in the top plate of the box, and the two parts are thereby
secured very firmly together.
By this improvement the fastening, besides being more durable than
the ordinary fastening, is more secure, inasmuch as it is necessary to
depress the spring catch sufficiently far to completely remove it from the
hole in the box before the fastening is released.
The spring catch described is made from sheet metal by cutting out
and shaping tools, and the shaped blank folded or doubled at its middle,
the upper folded part constituting the spring catch or tongue described,
and the lower part the medium for connecting the catch to the neck
band.
In the ordinary fastening the hook by which the length of the neck
band is adjusted is connected to the plate, by which it is fastened to the
band by soldering.
According to my Invention I raise a barrel or trough along the middle
of the plate, and make a hole at each end of the said barrel. A straight
pin with a head is passed point forward through one of the holes along
the barrel and through the other hole. Its protruding end is then bent
into a hook form; the hook is thereby securely fixed to the plate without
soldering.
I make the box or case of the fastening of two parts or plates secured
together without soldering in the following manner :-I make the bottom
plate of the box with an car or lip at the middle of each of its longer
sides, and I make the top plate of a box or trough form, the ends of cach
side of the trough being provided with ears or lips, the last-named lips
or ears being so situated that the lips or ears on the bottom plate can

page_text: engage between them. The bottom plate and trough or top plate are
connected together by engaging the ears or lips together, and closing
the lips of the trough plate upon the under side of the bottom plate, and
closing the lips of the bottom plate upon the sides of the trough or top
plate; the box or case is thus made without soldering. Before the top
plate is raised into the trough form, the square or rectangular hole is cut
in its middle for the projection of the spring catch to engage with.
.
The two plates are cut out, fashioned, and pierced, by cutting out,
* raising, and piercing tools of the ordinary kind, and the closing of the
lips or ears is also effected by ordinary closing tools.
Instead of making the box of two plates joined together by lips, as
described, the said box may be made of one piece of sheet metal by
raising tools and pressure.
Although my improvements are principally applicable to fastenings for
scarfs, ties, and cravats, yet my said improvements may also be applied
to fastenings for other articles of dress.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Walker in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 25th April 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
WALKER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Thomas Walker, Her special license that
I, the said Thomas Walker, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Thomas Walker, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR

page_text: SCARFS, TIES, CRAVATS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF DRESS, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Walker, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Walker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in constructing in the manner herein-after
described the parts of fastenings for scarfs, ties, cravats, and other
articles of dress.
The fastenings to which my Invention is applicable consist of two
parts; a box or case which is fixed in the interior of the knot or bow,
or upper part of the scarf, tie, or cravat, and a spring catch or tongue
fixed to the end of the neck band of the scarf, tie, or cravat, the two
parts of the fastening being connected together by a stud on the spring
catch snapping into a semicircular notch or hole in the edge of the top
plate of the box or case.
According to my Invention, instead of making a small stud on the
spring catch I make on the upper side of the said catch a square or
angular projection, the said projection being raised out of the plane of
the catch by pressing tools, and I make in the middle of the top plate of
the box or case a square or angular hole of a size proper to receive the
projection described on the spring catch. When the spring catch is
introduced into the box it is compressed, and its projection snaps into the
hole in the top plate of the box, and the two parts are thereby secured
very firmly together.
In the ordinary fastening the hook by which the length of the neck
band is adjusted is connected to the plate by which it is fastened to the
band by soldering.
According to my Invention I raise a barrel or trough along the middle
of the plate, and make a hole at each end of the said barrel. A straight

page_text: pin with a head is passed point forward through one of the holes along
the barrel and through the other hole. Its protruding end is then bent
into a hook form; the hook is thereby securely fixed to the plate
without soldering.
The spring catch described is made from sheet metal by cutting-out
and shaping tools, and the shaped blank folded or doubled at its middle;
one of the folded parts constituting the spring catch or tongue, and
the other part the medium for connecting the catch to the neck band.
The box or case of the fastening is made from one or two plates or
parts secured together without soldering.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, and Figure 2 in side elevation
and section, a fastening for scarfs, ties, cravats, and other articles of dress
constructed according to my Invention.
a is the spring catch or tongue fastened by the back plate a* to the
end of the neck band of the scarf, tie, or cravat, and 6 is the box or case
which is fixed in the interior of the knot, bow, or other part of the scarf,
tie, or cravat. On the upper or outer side of the said spring catch a is
a square or angular projection c raised from the metal of the said catch,
and in the middle of the top plate of the box 6 a square or angular hole
d is made of a size and shape proper to receive the projection c on the
spring catch a.
When the spring catch a is introduced into the box 6 the said catch is
compressed, and its projection c snaps into the hole d in the box b, and
the two parts of the fastening are thereby secured together. By pressure
upon the thumb plate end a³ of the spring catch a the latter is, com-
pressed, and its projection c removed from the hole d in the box b, and
the two parts of the fastening may be separated. By constructing the
engaging or fastening parts c, d, in this way, the fastening, besides being
more durable than the ordinary fastening, is more secure, inasmuch as
it is necessary to depress the spring catch a sufficiently far to completely
remove the projection c from the hole d in the box or case before the
fastening is released:

page_text: I make the spring catch described from sheet metal in the following
manner :—I cut out at a press a blank of a form represented in Figure 3.
Its thumb plate end is next fashioned in the manner represented in
Figure 4, and its opposite end afterwards pierced in the manner repre-
sented in Figure 5. By means of pressing or shaping tools the square
or angular projection c is next raised out of the plane of the partially
made spring catch, as represented in Figure 6. The partially made
catch, Figure 6, is next doubled or folded at its middle, as illustrated in
front élevation in Figure 7, and side elevation in Figure 8, and is finally
operated upon so as to curve the back or fastening plate a² as illustrated
in Figure 9. The spring catch is thus complete.
I make the box or case of the fastening in the following manner :—
The box or case made according to my Invention is represented complete
in front elevation, side elevation, and plan of under side in Figure 10.
It consists of a top plate marked b, and a bottom plate marked 6º,
connected together by lips or ears e, e, and ff, the middle of the top
plate having the opening d in it to receive the projection c of the
spring catch, as before described.
In making the top plate ba blank of the form represented in Figure 11
is cut from sheet metal, and afterwards pierced with a central piercing d
and with thread holes in the manner shewn in Figures 12 and 13. The
sides of the blank are next folded so as to give it a trough form, as
represented in Figure 14, the trough plate having on either side the lips
or ears e, e.
The bottom plate 62 is made by cutting out from sheet metal the blank, a
Figure 15, and then piercing it with thread holes, as represented in
Figure 16.
The bottom plate thus made has on its longer sides ears or
lips f, f. The two plates thus made are fastened together without
soldering by closing the ears e, e, of the top plate 6 upon the under side
of the bottom plate 6², and by closing the ears f, f, of the bottom plate 63 3
upon the sides of the top plate b, the said ears f,f, entering the slots in
the sides of the said top plate as represented in Figure 10.
b
Instead of making the box or case from two pieces or plates, as
described and illustrated, it may be made from one piece of sheet
metal.
In making the box or case of one piece of metal, a blank having
nearly the shape of the bottom plate 62, together with a side piece of

page_text: nearly the figure of the top plate b, is cut from sheet metal, and the
blank having been pierced the side piece or wing is bent upon the
bottom plate, and the end of the said side piece or wing fastened by ears
to the said bottom plate. A box similar to that represented in Figure 10
is thereby formed from one piece of metal.
The plates or plate of which the box or case is made are, or is, cut out,
fashioned, and pierced by cutting out, raising, and piercing tools of the
ordinary kind, and the closing of the lips or cars is also effected by
ordinary closing tools.
Figure 17 represents in front elevation and side elevation a hook plate
to be used for adjusting the length of the neck band of the scarf, tie, or
cravat, the said hook plate being made according to my Invention.
The said hook plate is made and the hook fastened thereto in the
following manner :-I take the blank, Figure 18, and pierce it with holes
in the manner represented in Figure 19, I then by means of raising tools
raise between two of the holes along the middle of the plate, a barrel,
or trough g, as illustrated in Figure 20. In fixing the hook to this plate
I take a pointed and headed pin and pass it through the barrel or
trough g, as illustrated in Figure 21. The pointed end of the pin is
next bent into a hook, as illustrated in Figure 17; the hook is thereby
fixed to the plate without soldering.
Although my improvements are principally applicable to fastenings
for scarfs, ties, and cravats, yet my said improvements may also be
applied to fastenings for other articles of dress, such, for example, as belt
and band fastenings.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I
do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention, but I claim as my Invention, the improvements in fastenings.
for scarfs, ties, cravats, and other articles of dress, herein-before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing; that is to say, making in
the middle of the spring catch or tongue of the fastening a square or
angular projection, and making a corresponding hole in the middle of
the top plate of the box or case of the fastening for receiving the said
projection, substantially as described and illustrated.

page_text: Also making the spring catch or tongue of the fastening from sheet
metal by cutting-out, and shaping, and raising processes, substantially
as described and illustrated.
Also making the box or case of the fastening from one or two parts
or plates without soldering, substantially as described and illustrated.
Also fixing the hook to the hook plate, by which the length of the
neck band is adjusted without soldering, substantially as described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Walker, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of April, in the year 1
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
HENRY SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
THOMAS WALKER. (L.s.)