Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Cast Nails, Sorews, Bolts, Boot Protectors and other Articles Having Spiral or Twisted Shanks, Stems or Prongs.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 4th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 4th Sept., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Cast Nails,
Sorews, Bolts, Boot Protectors and other Articles Having Spiral
or Twisted Shanks, Stems or Prongs.
I, FREDI RICK THEOPHILUS GILES, of 152, Coronation Road, in the City and
County of Bristol, Nail Manufacturer and Ironfounder, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows.-
My invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of nails, screws, bolts,
boot protectors and similar articles made of cast metal and having spal or
twisted shanks, stems or prongs, the object of my invention being to provide
improved means for operating the spiral or twisted pattern stems, used for
moulding the shanks, stems or prongs, for the purpose of forcing them to the
equued distance through holes in the moulding plate for sand or other suitable
material to be moulded on o1 round them or foi toicing them into the moulded
sand or other material, and in either case withdrawing them therefiom
Hither to such pattern stems for nails, boot protectors and the like have usually
been forced through the holes in the moulding plate, hand machines or false-
heads into the sand o into the required position for sand to be moulded on or
ound them by direct pressure, a twisting motion being at the same time imparted
to them
According to my invention I provide for introducing the stems through the
holes in the moulding plates into the requined position for sand or other material
to be moulded on or round them, or into the sand, and for withdrawing them by
the rotary motion of a shaft or handle, wheel, love or other contrivance and with
this object I provide the following arrangement, that is to say, I provide two
parallel plates fixed relatively with one another the upper of which forms the
moulding plate for carrying the box on flask in which the sand or other material
is placed on moulded whilst the lower plate causes the pattern stems which are
designed to be projected through holes formed in the moulding plate, to intio-
duce them into the sand or into position for sand to be moulded on or round
them as the case may requne and then to be withdiawn
9
The lower ends of the pattern stems are provided with threads having the
same pitch as the pitch of the threads on the upper or pattern ends of the said
stems and are inscited into screw-threaded holes in the said lower plate or any
other suitable base so that when 1otary motion is imparted to the stems they will
be projected and withdrawn in the desued manne
Any suitable means may be employed io imparting this rotary motion, for
instance, in cases where a number of moulding stems can be arranged at equal
distances apart the said stems may be connected by toothed pinions one of which
is engaged with a gear wheel in such a manner that when the said gear wheel
18 1otated all the stems will be simultaneously rotated the pinions moving longi-
tudinally with the pattern stems In order that the diving gear wheel may
always remain in gear with the pinion through which the movement is imparted,

page_text: the shaft carrying the said gear wheel may have a screw-thread upon it so that
it may travel longitudinally at the same speed as the pinions
In cases whole
the pattern stems are arranged in a more or less iegular fashion or where the
said connecting pinions cannot be so aanged as to rotate all the stem patterns
in one duection it may be advantageous to fix sprocket wheels or other devices
upon the said stems with all of which a chain, band or other contrivance 18 adapted
to engage
I usually provide a moulding plate with a number of senes of pattern stems
each series being driven from its own shaft whilst the several shafts aie themselves
geared together either by sprocket wheels and chains or by gear wheels, racks,
screw motion or other suitable arrangement so that they can be operated simul-
taneously from a single handle, wheel, lever or other contrivance fixed in any
suitable position.
Although I have described a chain or belt as being used for making articles
having the shanks, stems or prongs arranged regularly it is to be understood
that this chain or belt or other suitable device may be used for operating a
number of stems which are regularly arranged instead of using the toothed
pinions
The holes in the moulding plate through which the pattern stems are pro-
jected can be screwed to same pitch as the pattern stems or made plain so that
any loose sand upon the pattern stems will not cut into or lock the said stems as
they are being moved backwards and forwards through the said holes.
I do not wish to limit my invention to the particular means described for
operating a number of stems simultaneously as other means may be employed
for rotating the said stems, for instance, they may be rotated through the medium
of a rack or screw and screwed pinions cold and grooved wheels, etc, etc., or
several of the different devices may be used on any one machine oi apparatus.
My invention is applicable to what are known in the nail and protector trade
as hand picking machines and falseheads or other contrivances that are used for
pricking on making shanks, stems or prongs of nails, boot protectors on the like.
Dated the 4th dor of Tune 1908
G F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant
Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Cast Nails,
Screws, Bolts, Boot Protectors and other Articles Having Spiral
or Twisted Shanks, Stems or Pronge,
I, FREDERICK THEOPHILUS GILFS, of 152, Coronation Road, in the City and
County of Bristol, Nail Manufacturer and lionfounder, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same 16 to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of external and internal
screws also bolts, nails, shoe 11vets and shoe bills, boot protectors and similar
articles made of cast metal and having spiral, twisted or screw shanks, stems or
prongs, the object of my invention being to provide improved means for operating
the spual or twisted or screw pattern stems, used for moulding the shanks, stenis
or prongs, for the purpose of forcing them to the equned distance through holes
in the moulding plate for saud or other suitable material to be moulded on oi
round them or foi forcing them into the moulded sand or other material, and in

page_text: either case withdrawing them therefrom, and also means for nicking or recessing
the heads of screws, bolts, etc cast according to the invention
Hitherto pattern stems for nails, boot protectors and the like have usually
been forced through the holes in the moulding plate, hand machines or falseheads
into the sand or into the requned position for sand to be moulded on or around
them by direct pressure, a twisting motion being at the same time imparted to
then
Now, in carrying out my invention I provide a machine wherein all the pattein
stems are mounted in such a manner that they can have imparted to them
simultaneously an axial movement and a 1otary movement
In the accompanying drawings,—
Figure 118 a vertical section of apparatus made according to the invention
for the production of spiral on twisted or screw shanks:
Figure 2 18 a sectional plan of a part thereof:
Figure 3 is a vertical section illustrating a modified construction of apparatus:
Figure 18 a vertical section of part of a machine for the manufacture of
internally screw-threaded articles.
Figures 3 and 6 are views of details.
Refering first to the arrangement illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 a 18 the fiame
supporting the apparatus, is the moulding plate which is perforated in the
usual manner for the passage of the pattern stems c, c These stems c, c are
carmed by a support composed of two plates d, having a space between them.
The said pattern stems c, c pass through the upper plated and are carried in holes
in the upper face of the plate d'm such a manner that they can evolve in the
said support d, but partake of the up and down movement given to the said
support, in the manner hereinafter described
The pattern stems are arranged in 10ws or sprays in the usual manner, trans-
versely to the machine which may contain any suitable number of such lows.
In connection with each row. a vertical spindle e 19 1otatably mounted in the
frame One of the vertical spindles e preferably at one end of the apparatus
as shewn clearly in Figure 2, is extended downwards as at e but with increased
diameter and is provided at its lower end with a bevel wheel e¹ which is secured
upon it by a sliding feather and a key-way in such a manner that the iotation
of the bevel wheel el through the medium of the bevel wheel and handwheel e¹
causes the spindle e to rotate but also allows it axial movement
The bevel wheel el is rotatably mounted m a support which 18 suspended
from a plate f fixed to the fiame a of the machine, the spindle e is sciew-
threaded as shewn at above the bevel wheel e', the screw-threaded portion
passing through a female sciew formed in the fixed plate f The upper end of
each spindle e passes up though the plate and has a supporting colla d
beating against the underside thereof With this arrangement it will be obvious
that the rotation of the end spindle e through the medium of the bevel wheels e¹, es
and the handwheel in the manner above mentioned, will cause the said
spindle to move axially by reason of the engagement of the screw-threaded
portion with the female sciew in the plate and this axial movement of the
said spindle e 18 imparted to the suppoît d, by the following arrangement
A number of spindles 9, 9 are 1otatably fitted to the under part of the plate d
and extend downwards to the fixed plate f though which they pass, the portions
passing through the said plate f being of larger diameter than the rest thereof
and having sciew-threads g the holes in the plate f through which they pass
also being provided with female screw-threads, the spindle e and the spindle g, g
are provided with chain wheels g, around which passes a chain g³ (Figure 2)
so that the rotation of the spindle e also causes the spindles g, g to rotate, the
said spindles 118ing at the same rate as the spindle e the screw-threads ³ and g¹
being of the same pitch and theicby raising the support d, d'
To rotate each of the pattern stems c independently of the up and down move-
ment given to them by the support d, d', I provide the spindles e at their upper

page_text: ends, that is to say, in the space left between the two plates d, with a toothed
wheel h, the said toothed wheel engaging with a toothed wheel mounted upon
the stem on each side thereof Each of the stems 18 also provided with a small
chain or sprocket wheel in the space between the two plates d, d' around each
row of which a chain or the like passes as clearly shewn in Figure 2. By
this means it will be obvious that the rotation of the end spindle e effects the
1otation in the same duection of all the pattern stems c, c in each transverse low
of such stems The bosses of the sprocket wheels bear against the underside of
the plate d so that the stems c, are forced to follow both the up and down move-
ments of the support d, d'
It will be obvious that only the end spindle e requires to be provided with the
bevel driving gear as the whole row of spindles running lengthwise along the
machine can be rotated from the end spindle by means of sprocket wheels ], ]
mounted upon the said spindles and around the whole of which there passes a
chain
With this arrangement it will be obvious that by raising the support d, d¹ so
as to project the pattern stems c, & through the moulding plate b and then apply-
ang the moulding box in the usual way, filling and ramming it with sand and
then turning the handwheel in the proper direction, the pattern stems are
simultaneously caused to descend and to rotate so that the mould is furnished
with a series of impressions for forming sciew-threaded shanks
In order that the extent to which the pattern stems c, c 18 projected through the
moulding plate can be adjusted to suit the length of stem nequued to be
obtained, provide the lower end of the end spindle e with an eye e' which
engages with a stop-pin A, the lower end of which is screw-threaded and passes
through a bracket, so that the said stop-pin can be adjusted to any desired
position and secured in the said position by means of a lock-nut A
o, el ale conical caps provided upon the pattern-stems c, c and fitting over
bosses, upon the upper face of the plate d for preventing the entrance of
sund or other material into the mechanism in the support d, d¹. f¹ is a cover
plate fitted to the fixed plate f for excluding dust etc
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 3 the lower ends of the pattern-
stems ‹, c are screw-threaded and pass though screw-threaded holes in a fixed
support so that when each stem is 1otated it is also raised or lowered by the
rotation of the said screw-threaded ends in the fixed plate 7. To rotate each stem
I provide it with a toothed wheel m, each of the said toothed wheels in a tians-
veise row or spray engaging with the adjacent wheels so that the stems aic
1otated alternately in opposite duections and must consequently be provided
alternately with ught and left handed screw-threads In this arrangement the
spindles e are each provided with a screw-thread engaging a female sciew in
the plate 7, the said screw-threads being of the same pitch as that of the lower
ends of the stems m² 18 a plate covering the toothed wheels m for keeping
out the dust if necessary the said wheels can be made to run in an oil bath
It will be obvious that I could in this case employ a chain and sprocket wheels
B. S in the previous construction of apparatus for simultaneously rotating the
pattern stems instead of the toothed wheels as shewn, and also that the arrange-
ment of toothed wheels could be substituted for the chain and sprocket wheels
in the aangement shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate iny apparatus as applied to the manufacture of
internally sciew-threaded articles instead of externally screw-threaded bolts etc,
as herein before described In this case the pattern stems 9, 9 are hollow and are
internally sciew-threaded at then upper ends mstead of being externally screw-
threaded as for the manufacture of externally screw-threaded shanks In the
ariangement shewn which 18 designed for the production of internally sciew.
theaded hexagon nuts, the necessary axial and rotary motion is imparted to
the stems through the medium of sprocket wheels r, which are koved upon
the said stems q, q and are rotated by a chain 1 from a central chain wheel

page_text: upon a spindle which is screw-threaded at its upper end and passes through
the fixed plate s, motion being imparted to the said spindle by bevel gear s¹ of
the kind described with reference to Figures 1 and 3 so that by operating the
said bevel gear the spindle 18 caused to rotate and to move axially by the
engagement of its screw-threaded upper end with the fixed plate s. The rotation
of the spindle, and thereby of its chain wheel, revolves the chain wheels *
and the pattern stems g, the lower ends of which are also screw-threaded and
engage in internally screw-threaded holes in the said fixed plates so that they
also have imparted to them an axial movement corresponding to that of the
spindle +3
The holes in the moulding plate through which the pattern stems q, q aro
projected in the manner above described are provided with pattern nuts having
holes of a diameter sufficient to take the said pattern stems when projected
through the moulding plate as illustrated in Figure 8 which is the position for
moulding When the sand has been rammed in the usual manner the bevel
gear is operated so as to return the projected pattern stems
9 through the
moulding plate and down into the position illustrated in Figure 6 leaving
externally screw-threaded cores in the mould.
u, u are stems which are secured to the plate f of the machine frame and which
project up inside the hollow pattern stems q, q, they have at their upper ends
heads which are advantageously as shewn externally sciew-threaded to engage
with the pattern stems q, q at their upper parts and the upper faces of the said
heads are level with the face of the moulding plate so as to support the core
when the stems are lowered
Figure 5 is a plan of one of the nuts t with the pattern stem g projected up
through its central hole
Although I have shewn only a single spindle for operating one row of
pattern stems q, q it will be obvious that any suitable number of such spindles
can be employed, all being arranged to be operated from any one thereof by
means of sprocket wheels and a chain as heieinbefore described with respect to
the first described modifications of apparatus
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18:
1 In apparatus for the manufacture of cast nails, screws, bolts, etc., the com-
bination with screw-threaded pattern stems, of a moulding plate through which
the said stems are caused to project, of a support for the said stems, of means for
rotating the said stems, and of means for imparting an axial movement to the
said stems, substantially as hereinbefore described
2. In apparatus for the manufacture of cast nails, internal and external screws,
bolts, etc, the combination with screw-threaded pattern-stems, of a moulding
plate having holes through which the said stems can be caused to project, of a
support for the said stems, of means for simultaneously rotating the stems and
of means for imparting an up and down motion to the stem support, substantially
as described
3. In apparatus for the manufacture of cast nails, internal and external screws,
bolts, etc, the combination with sciew-threaded pattern-stems, of a moulding
plate through which the said stems can be projected, of a movable support in
which the stems can rotate, of sprocket wheels keyed or otherwise fastened upon
the stems and connected by a chain or the like, and of means such as a rotatable
spindle having a toothed wheel engaging with a toothed wheel upon one of the
stems for simultaneously rotating all the said stems in the same direction sub-
stantially as described.
4 In apparatus for the manufacture of cast nails, internal and external screws,
bolts etc, the combination with screw-threaded pattern stems, of a moulding
plate having holes through which the said stems can be projected, of a fixed

page_text: support for the stems having screw-threaded holes with which the lower screw-
threaded ends of the pattern-stems engage, and of means for simultaneously
rotating the whole of the pattern stems, substantially as hereinbefore described
5 In apparatus for the manufacture of cast nails, internal and external
screws, bolts, etc, the combination with screw-threaded pattern-stems, of a mould-
ing plate having holes through which the said stems can be projected, of a fixed
support for the stems having screw-threaded holes with which the lower screw-
threaded ends of the pattern stems engage, and of means for simultaneously
1otating and axially moving the whole of the pattern stems, such means consist-
ing of toothed or other suitable means mounted upon each of the pattern-stems
and adapted to be rotated from a toothed wheel mounted upon a rotatable spindle,
substantially as described.
6 The apparatus for casting nails, screws, bolts, etc, comprising the frame a,
moulding plate b, pattern stems c, c having the dust guards c, c and the sprocket
or chain wheels, chains ¹, support and oil chambers d, d, spindles e, e having
the toothed wheels h, screw-threaded spindles 9 engaging in the plate f, sprocket
wheels, chain, sprocket wheel g³, chain g³, plate fi and means such as the
bevel gear e, e for iotating one of the spindles e, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings
7 The modified arrangement of apparatus for casting nails, screws, bolts, etc.,
comprising the frame a, moulding plate b, pattern stems c, c engaging in the
sciew-threaded plate and having the toothed wheels m, m provided with the
cover m and engaging with toothed wheels upon the spindles e which are adapted
to be rotated by any suitable means such as the bevel gear el, es, plate f, sprocket
wheels and chain, substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the
drawings.
8. The modified arrangement of apparatus for casting internally screw-threaded
articles such as nuts comprising the frame a, moulding plate 6, pattern nuts t,
pattern stems 9 engaging in the screw-threaded plates and having the sprocket
wheels driven by a chain r¹ from a sprocket wheel on a spindle (of which there
may be several) adapted to be rotated by bevel gear and core supports u, sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in Figures 8, 9 and 10 of the accompanying
drawing
Deted the 4th day of March 1800
G. F REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant