IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO. LAMPS IN USE IN. RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND IN SIMILAR SITUATIONS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to. Arthur Cole,. of Erith,, in the County of Kent,
Merchant's Clerk, and Jonathan Carter,. of Bexley Heath, in the
County of Kent, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND APPLICABLE TO. LAMPS IN USE IN. RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND IN
SIMILAR SITUATIONS."
Scaled the 9th October 1868,, and dated the 21st April 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Cole and
Jonathan Carter at the Office of the Commissioners, of. Patents,.
with their Petition, on the 21st April 1868.
WC, ARTHUR COLE, of Erith, in the County: of. Kent, Merchant's
Clerk, and JONATHAN CARTER, of Bexley, Heath, in the County of Kent,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LAMPS IN USE IN RAILWAY CARRIAGES
AND IN. SIMILAR SITUATIONS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates especially to lamps inserted in the roofs of
railway carriages, or lamps in which the reservoir for oil is above the
burnor..

page_text: Lamps for this purpose as hitherto constructed have been found
defective in being liable to an overflow of oil causing great waste,, such
overflow being due to the admission of cold air to the oil reservoir when
the light has been extinguished, which air expands on becoming, heated
after the lamp has been re-lighted.
Now our Invention has for its. object the prevention of the admission
of cold air to the oil reservoir through the branch pipes leading from
the burner when the light has been extinguished, and in increasing:
the supply of external air at the upper part of the lamp for the
purpose of preventing undue heating of the reservoir while the light is.
burning. The admission of cold air to the oil reservoir above referred
to is prevented by the insertion of a stop-cock in the branch pipe on
each side of the burner, or it may be prevented by other means; and
the increased supply of external air to the upper part of the lamp is
effected by raising the cover and supporting it so as to leave a space or
spaces underneath the cover, or apertures may be formed in the cover
itself for the same purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said Arthur Cole and Jonathan Carter in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 21st October 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, ARTHUR
COLE, of Erith, in the County of Kent, Merchant's Clerk, and JONATHAN
CARTER, of Bexley Heath, in the County of Kent, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Arthur Cole and Jonathan Carter, Her
special licence that we, the said Arthur Cole and Jonathan Carter,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Arthur Cole and Jonathan Carter, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should

page_text: and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LAMPS IN
USE IN RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND IN SIMILAR SITUATIONS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Arthur Cole and Jonathan Carter,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months, next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Cole, on behalf of myself
and of the said Jonathan Carter, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
:-
Our Invention of "Improvements in and applicable to Lamps in use
in Railway Carriages, and in similar Situations," relates especially to
lamps inserted in the roofs of railway carriages, or lamps in which the
reservoir for, oil is above the burner. Lamps for this purpose as hitherto
constructed have been found defective in being liable to an overflow of
oil causing great waste, such overflow being due to the admission of
cold air to the oil reservoir when the light has been extinguished,
which air expands on becoming heated after the lamp has been re-lighted.
Now our Invention has for its object the prevention of the undue
heating of the reservoir while the light is burning, and of the admission
of cold air to the reservoir through the branch pipes leading to the
reservoir when the light has been extinguished. And our Invention
consists in raising the lid and forming apertures underneath it for the
purpose of increasing the facilities for the escape of heated air from
and the admission of fresh external air into the interior of the lamp;
also in the insertion of a tube or second chimney in the space between
the ordinary chimney rising from the reflector and the inner surface of
the oil reservoir, and the admission of cold air to the interior of the oil
reservoir is prevented when required by the insertion of a sliding stop.in
the branch pipe on each side of the burner.

page_text: to describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be per-
formed by reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which is
represented a lamp with our improvements applied thereto.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, Fig. 2 a vertical section, and Fig. 3 a horizontal
section of the lamp in the line a, b, of Fig. 2. In these several Figures
the same letters of-reference indicate corresponding parts.
A is the external metal case; B, the ordinary glass vessel at the
bottom; C, the lid or cover, the top of which is raised, and underneath
which top apertures D are formed in order to facilitate the escape of
heated air from the interior of the lamp, and the admission of fresh
external air thereinto, or the apertures may be formed in the lid. itself;
E is a tube or second chimney inserted in the space between the
ordinary chimney F rising from the reflector G and the oil reservoir H,
for the purpose of preventing the undue heating of the reservoir by the
heated air passing up the chimney. By this means the reservoir H is
kept cool, and the air within it prevented from expansion as usual,
thereby also preventing the overflow of oil to which lamps of the
ordinary construction are liable. I, I, are the ordinary apertures in the
side of a part of the case near the reflector, which are of use in rendering
the combustion more perfect in the burner.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 represent detached, full size, the brass box K of the
burner, with a pair of sliding stops L, L, for the purpose of preventing
the admission of cold air to the oil reservoir through the branch
pipes M, M. In Fig. 4 the sliding stops are shewn down so as to open
the passage from the reservoir to the burner, and in Figures 5 and 6 they
are shewn up so as to close the passage from the burner to the reservoir.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we
claim as of our Invention is,-
First. The construction of lamps with apertures formed either under-
neath or in the lid or upper part of the lamp for the admission of
fresh external air and the escape of heated air, and the insertion of a
tube or second chimney between the ordinary chimney and the oil
reservoir for the purpose described.
-

page_text: And, secondly. The adaptation and application to the burner of sliding
stops for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Cole, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twentieth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
8, Quality Court,
Chancery Lane, W.C.
ARTHUR COLE. (L.S.)