AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CLAW, SOCKET, AND OTHER KINDS OF CASTORS, AND ALSO KNOBS AND FURNITURE FOR Locks
Year: 1812

page_text: LOACH'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LOACH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brassfounder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fourteenth day of March, in the fifty-second year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Loach, His special licence that I, the said John Loach, my exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Loach, my exors,
admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CLAW, SOCKET, AND OTHER KINDS OF CASTORS, AND
ALSO KNOBS AND FURNITURE FOR Locks;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso, obliging me, the said John Loach, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty High Court of Chancery
within two calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Loach, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, is fully described and ascer-
tained as follows (that is to say) :-

page_text: The heaviest parts of the castors and lock-furniture (which have heretofore
been made all of brass, and are called the socket and bowl or wheel of the
castors, and the cup, neck, and nose of the lock furniture) I make of cast o
wrought iron, and afterwards case or cover them with metal of any description
required, namely, rolled or sheet copper or brass, or tin or copper and spelter,
or what is commonly called or known by brassfounders by the name of
dipping metal, or of plated metal, or of sheet or rolled tin, or any kind
of mixed or compound cast, rolled, or sheet metals, provided the same be
sufficiently maleable. In making the round socket castors, either plain or
ornamental, the part which is called the socket I first of all cast in iron,
and afterwards cover it with metal of any of the kinds above mentioned.
The way in which I cover them is this: I raise or form the metal coverings
by means of a stamp press or any similar method in dies or moulds, which are
made to the size required; I then solder the part together-that is to-go
round the outside of the socket, and force it upon the outside of the iron
socket, and by fixing it in a chock in a lathe turn over the edge at the top
of the socket; I then take a piece of metal of any of the sorts above men-
tioned, of a proper size, and fix it to the outside of the bottom of the iron
socket, by turning the bottom edge of the metal covering over upon it, so as
to cover and conceal the iron. I make the square sockets in a similar manner
(either plain or ornamental). I cast the sockets in iron, and raise or form the
metal covering (of any of the kinds of metal above mentioned) in dies or
moulds in two halves, which being soldered together I force upon the square
iron sockets, and turn over the edge, so as to conceal the iron. The plain or
wrought or ornamental claw castors I also make in a similar manner,
(that is to say) I cast the top part or front and sides of the sockets in
iron, and the under part or bottom of the socket and the part called
the strap I make of cast, sheet, or wrought iron (but generally of sheet
or wrought iron, as the cast iron would be more liable to break), and
having soldered them together I cover the sockets of the claw castors in
the same manner as the round and square sockets, by raising or forming the
case or covering in dies or moulds to any pattern, so as sufficiently to cover
the iron, and turning over the edge of the case or covering upon the iron
socket to keep them firmly together. The part which is called the bowl or
wheel I first cast in iron, and afterwards cover with metal, of any of the kinds
before mentioned, in the following manner:-I raise or form the sides of the
bowl in dies or moulds, made to the size required, and so as exactly to fit the
sides of the iron bowl, and the rim being made either of cast, rolled; or shect
metal, and, if of rolled metal, soldered together of a proper size; I fix it upon

page_text: the rim of the iron bowl, and then I force the metal sides against the sides
of the iron bowl; having fixed it in a chock in a lathe, I turn over the
edges of the metal rim upon the sides, which keeps them firm and secure, and
completely covers the iron bowl or wheel.. Bowls or wheels thus made are
applicable to the round, square, and claw castors before mentioned, and to all
kinds of castors and articles where bowls or wheels are required. When I
have prepared the sockets and bowls of the various kinds of castors thus far
I proceed to put them together, and finish them with brass horns in the usual
manner, which is well understood by workmen in this branch of business.
The furniture of locks I make in the following manner:-The parts called
the cup and neck of the knob and the rose I first of all make of cast or
wrought iron; I then cover them with any of the descriptions of metals before
mentioned; I raise a case or cover for the cups and roses in dies or moulds
of a proper size, so as exactly to fit the iron cups and roses; and the iron
necks, being cast rather smaller than usual, I lay them hot into a mould,
and cast a proper layer or thickness of brass over them, or raise a case in
a die or mould in two halves, and solder it together over the iron neck; I
then force the stamped case or cover upon the iron cup, and rivet the cup and
neck together, and set in the knob, top, or front in the usual manner, and the
stamped case or cover being fixed on the iron rose, I fix them in a chock in
a lathe, and turn over the edge of the cover upon the iron rose, so as to
conceal it. I then complete the furniture in the usual manner, which is well
understood by workmen in this business, as well as all the terms used in this
Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Loach, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand