IMPROVEMENTS ⚫ IN PREPARING AND SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Shaw, of Waterloo Mills, Horton, near
Bradford, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
⚫ IN PREPARING AND SPINNING MACHINERY."
Sealed the 30th April 1867, and dated the 7th November 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION, left by the said John Shaw at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th November
1866.
I, JOHN SHAW, of Waterloo Mills, Horton, near Bradford, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention. for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PREPARING AND SPINNING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-.
The object of my Invention is to enable long and short fibred wools to be
spun at one and the same time, as well as to prevent knots and breakages,
and has special reference to the spinning of "mottled " yarns, which are made
from two or more rovings of various colours. As is well known the relative
distance of the back from the front rollers in preparing and spinning
machinery is regulated by the quality of the fibre for short stapled fibres, the
back rollers being brought very near the carrying rollers (which are placed
between the front and back rollers), whilst for long stapled fibres the back
rollers are set proportionately further the front one; but it is evident that
this arrangement necessitates the use of either long fibre or of short wool

page_text: at one time, and that in spinning "mottled" yarns, for instance, when two
or more rovings are used to produce one thread, each roving must be of
similar length of staple; I obviate this by placing an additional line of
rollers similar to the ordinary back ones just below and behind the carrier
rollers regulating the distance therefrom as well as the motion by ordinary
mechanical appliances. Bringing the respective rovings of long and short
fibre into contact at such additional line of rollers, the former or long fibred
rovings passing over the tops of the upper additional roller, whilst the latter or
short fibred rovings (direct from the roving pins) pass between the additional
rollers, and then being carried over the upper rollers come in contact with
the long fibred rovings and pass through the carriers together to the drawing
or front top and bottom rollers in the ordinary manner. In addition also to
the usual back rollers I place another line of rollers behind and in contact
with them, the long fibred rovings passing between such additional rollers
and the upper ones, and the short fibred rovings between the additional and
the lower back rollers in some instances; of course the additional rollers
above enumerated are weighted with balance weights or springs in the
'customary manner.
A further improvement consists in having a semicircular groove in both
the upper and lower carrier rollers for the rovings to pass through, as by the
present arrangement the rovings of greater thickness only come in contact
with the carriers. In this case I also regulate the pressure by weights or
springs of the top upon the lower carriers. The bottom carrier rollers may
also be made to traverse slightly if desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th May
1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SHAW, of Waterloo Mills, Horton, near Bradford, in the County of York,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Shaw, Her special licence that I, the said John Shaw, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John

page_text: Shaw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend;
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING
AND SPINNING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Shaw, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to-be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Shaw, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of my Invention is to enable long and short fibred wools to be
drawn and spun at one and the same time, as well as to prevent slips and
uneveness in the thread or yarn, special reference being made to the spinning
of mottled yarus which are made from two or more rovings of various
colours and of equal or unequal thicknesses. As is well known the relative
distance of the back rollers from the front rollers in preparing and spinning
is regulated by the length of the staple or fibre, for short stapled fibres the
back rollers are brought near the carrying rollers (which are placed between
the front and back rollers), and for long stapled fibres the back rollers are put
back to the length required. In preparing and spinning wool or other fibrous
substances the more equal the lengths of the fibres the more regular or even
the thread or yarn when spun, and in spinning mottled yarns where two
or more rovings are required to make one thread each roving must be of
equal length and thickness.
My Invention consists in placing an additional line of back rollers similar
to the ordinary back ones (with this difference, that the pressing roller is
underneath instead of on the top) behind the carrying rollers and in front of
the ordinary back rollers, regulating the distance as well as the motion by
ordinary mechanical appliances, the additional rollers being for short stapled
and the ordinary rollers for long fibred wools or other fibrous substances.
The long stapled roving passing between the ordinary back and top pressing
roller, and the short stapled fibre passing underneath the ordinary back roller
and between the under pressing and additional back roller, and coming in

page_text: contact with the long stapled roving passing together between the carrying
rollers to the front and top pressing rollers in the ordinary manner. In:
addition to the usual back pressing rollers I place another line of rollers which
are pressed upon the ordinary back rollers with springs, and are placed behind
the ordinary back pressing roller. These rollers are for rovings. of unequal 5
thickness, but of the same length, the small rovings passing under the
additional pressing roller and between the ordinary top pressing and back
roller:
In the present mode of preparing and spinning the carrying rollers are
made parallel with each other, consequently they give support or retard the 1
roving or slubbing only where they touch, that is, the top and bottom part of
the circle of roving or slubbing and the other which is left without support is
about one half.
. My Invention consists mainly in giving support or retarding the fibres
which are being drawn between the front and back rollers. The carriers I make 1
with grooves, the size of which is regulated to the thickness of the slubbing
or roving, and are made to press upon the slubbing or roving with greater or
less weight as required, and are made to traverse the same as the roving guide
at the back of the back rollers.
In order, however, to illustrate my arrangement I show in the accompanying a
Drawings the relative position in Figure 1 of the creel board to the ordinary
front and back rollers, carrier rollers, and additional back rollers, as described
my Provisional Specification as lower back rollers, as well as the additional
back rollers behind the ordinary back rollers, the latter being placed behind
the back rollers.
iu
In Figure 1 I propose and adapt the arrangement of spring to the single
additional back roller, and in Figures 2 and 3, front elevation and section, I
show the arrangement of lower carrier showing the one grooved and the
other working in the groove, whereby the rovings under operation (two or
more, as the case may be) are subject to an equal pressure, smaller rovings;
being held with the same firmness and subjected to the same pressure as the
larger ones. I do not invariably use the additional back roller behind the
ordinary back roller, although I sometimes think it useful. I effect preparing
and spinning of long and short fibred wools in combination by the arrange-
ment of rollers as explained above, the appliances usual, namely, springs for
the weighting of the back rollers, being of course applied in addition. I also
cause the grooved carrier rollers to have a slight traverse, being actuated by
an ordinary worm from the end of the machine to prevent the rovings always
passing on the same part of the front rollers.
-

page_text: Having now fully explained my Invention, and in what manner the same is-
to be performed, I would have it understood that without confining myself to
the precise details shewn, what I claim as and of my Invention is, giving
support or retarding the fibres as they are being drawn from the back to front
rollers either by grooved carriers or upright carriers, or any other mechanical
equivalent thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Shaw, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
P. H. SHARP,
Agent to Patentee,
Leeds.
JOHN SHAW. (LS.)