A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING OR HOLDING WINDOW SASHES, SHUTTERS, AND BLINDS, APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS, AND HOUSE WINDOWS."
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Livesey, of 9, Westminster Chambers, Victoria
Street, Westminster, and Henry Bickerton Greenwood, of 31, Monmouth
Road, Bayswater, both in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "A
NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING OR HOLDING WINDOW
SASHES, SHUTTERS, AND BLINDS, APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND OTHER
CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS, AND HOUSE WINDOWS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Livesey and Henry
Bickerton Greenwood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
16th September 1879.
JAMES LIVESEY, of 9, Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, and
HENRY BICKERTON GREENWOOD, of 31, Monmouth Road, Bayswater, both in the
County of Middlesex. "A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING
OR HOLDING WINDOW SASHES, SHUTTERS, AND BLINDS, APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY
AND OTHER CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS, AND HOUSE WINDOWS."
Whereas Letters Patent for "Apparatus for Holding Window Sashes" were
granted to the said Henry Bickerton Greenwood on the 17th May 1870, No. 1412,
one part of which relates to a traversing slide made of wood or other suitable
material working in a groove cut in the side of the window sash. This traversing
slide is made to press against the window frame or jamb by means of india rubber
or other elastic rollers working on inclined planes cut in the traversing slide. By
the friction so produced the sash is retained at any desired height.
In practice however it is found that in narrow window sashes such as are used
in railway carriages, tramway cars, and private carriages only a very narrow groove
can be made in the thickness of the sash to receive the traversing slide. The
constant friction of this thin slide wears grooves or indentations in the window
frame or jamb, and the slide itself rapidly wears away. Owing also to the small
surface of this thin slide it is necessary to employ three or more elastic rollers in
order to obtain sufficient friction or resistance to hold the window up.
By our Invention all these difficulties are removed.
It consists of a traversing slidé or rod of wood or other suitable material so
manufactured as to form in section the shape of the letter T, two or more slots or

page_text: inclined planes being cut in the narrow side or leg of the T to receive the elastic
discs. In addition to the groove already referred to cut in the thickness of the
window sash we cut a transverse slot on the face of the sash, forming together in
section a shape corresponding to the traversing slide above described.
Into this groove we insert loosely the above mentioned traversing slide and
elastic discs and broad part or top of the T resting against the window frame or
jamb.
By this arrangement we obtain an immense addition of strength in the traversing
slide, and secure a fully threefold increase of surface, which prevents grooves being
worn in the window frame or jamb, and the rapid wearing away of the slide
itself.
By the additional frictional surface. thus obtained a less. pressure is required
to hold up the window, and consequently the number of elastic rollers can be
reduced.
By another arrangement instead of employing india rubber or other elastic rollers
we, secure to the before mentioned loose or traversing slide metal springs fixed at
any angle so as to form inclined planes.
Into the groove in the window sash we fix metal rollers or discs which revolve
on a pin, against which the springs press, and force the loose slide against the
window frame or jamb.
When the window is lifted up the metal rollers or discs are carried to the top of
the inclined metal springs where the least pressure is exerted, but immediately the
window is released the metal rollers or discs pass to the lower part of the metal
springs, thus pressing the loose slide more tightly against the window frame or
jamb, and thus retaining.it. at any desired height.
The distance the metal rollers or discs have to descend can be regulated so that
more or less pressure may be given to the loose slides.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Livesey and Henry Bickerton Greenwood in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 15th March 1880.
JAMES LIVESEY, of 9, Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, and
HENRY BICKERTON GREENWOOD, of 31, Monmouth Road, Bayswater, both in the
County of Middlesex. "A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING OR
HOLDING WINDOW SASHES, SHUTTERS, AND BLINDS, APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY
AND OTHER CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS, AND HOUSE WINDOWs.".
This Invention consists of a traversing or friction slide or rod of wood or other
suitable material so made as to form in section the shape of the letter Ṭ, two or
more slots or inclined planes being cut in the narrow side or leg of the T to receive
elastic discs or rollers. A corresponding groove or recess of similar T shaped section
is cut in the thickness of the window sash, in which the above mentioned traversing
a friction slide and discs or rollers are loosely placed, so that the broad part or top
of the T will rest against the window frame or jamb.
By another arrangement we insert in the slots or inclined planes, or attach to the
traversing shaped slides metal springs or elastic cushions, and employ discs or
rollers of hard or non elastic material.
:
Fig. 1 represents a portion of a window sash, showing the position of the rollers A
and the slide B when the window is being lifted up; in this position there is very
little friction between the frame or jamb C and the friction or traversing slide B;
consequently the window is easy to lift up.
Fig. 2 represents a similar section, but with the windows held in position by
means of the increased friction between the frame or jamb C and the friction or
traversing slide B. This is caused by the elastic rollers A having been run to a
lower point on the inclines D, E. It will be seen that the friction or traversing
slide B is free to play in the groove F, and has a range of vertical motion of about
3/4 of an inch. This motion allows the rollers to be run up or down the inclines, as
shewn in the two Figures 1 and 2. In Fig. 2 the greatest amount of compression
is exerted upon the rollers, and sufficient to hold the window in any position in
which it may be placed. By lifting up the sash, say, 3/4 of an inch from the point
G to H, the rollers are run to the top of the inclines; the pressure is thus
reduced, and the window, sash is free to move upward, as shown at Figure 1, but
immediately the window is let go the sash descends into the position shown at
Figure 2, and the window is held suspended by the increased friction, but by an
additional pressure of the hand on the sash it can be forced to any position further
down that may be desired.
Fig. 4 shows the slot in the window sash, with the friction or traversing slide
removed. Fis a slot or groove cut into the thickness of the sash, and I is a trans-
verse slot, the two together forming the groove or recess to admit the T shaped
friction slide.
Fig. 7 shows another arrangement where rigid or non elastic rollers or discs are
used. The necessary friction in this case is obtained from a combination of elastic
springs or cushions or other elastic material arranged in the inclines, or attached to
the friction or traversing slides.
The action is the same as already described, excepting that instead of the rollers
being of elastic material and compressed the rollers are inelastic, and compress the
the springs or cushions in their downward movement.
These rollers may either travel or revolve on a pin, or may be loose, as shown in
Fig. 1 and 2.

page_text: Having now fully described the said Invention, and shown how the same may be
manufactured and used, we wish it to be understood that we claim,-
First. AT shaped friction slide arranged with a slot or slots, with one or more
elastic discs or rollers in combination with a recess or groove, as shown and described
with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Secondly. A friction slide furnished with springs or cushions of elastic material
arranged in inclines or attached to the slide at a proper inclination, in combination
with discs or rollers of hard or inelastic material, as shown and described with
reference to Figures 6 and 7.
5
In witness whereof, we, the said James Livesey and Henry Bickerton 1
Greenwood, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day of
March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.