CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, COMMONLY KNOWN AS MULES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Berry, Richard Berry, and Thomas Berry the
younger, all of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, and
Thomas Royds, of Salford, in the same County, Manager, for the Inven-
tion of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, COMMONLY
KNOWN AS MULES."
Sealed the 8th May 1855, and dated the 9th November 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Berry, Richard
Berry, Thomas Berry the younger, and Thomas Royds at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th November
1854.
We, JOHN BERRY,. RICHARD BERRY, and THOMAS BERRY the. younger, all.
of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, and THOMAS ROYDS, of
Salford, in the same County, Manager, do hereby declare, the nature of the
said Invention for " CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING,.
COMMONLY KNOWN AS MULES," to be as follows:-
Our said Invention has reference to the spinning machines known as.
"mules." It consists in a mode of continuing the rotation of the drawing.
rollers, and consequently the delivery of roving during the "run in" or,
putting up" of the carriage, by means of new, mechanical.parts,.so combined.

page_text: and arranged as to transmit the required motion to the drawing rollers from
the back shaft, mangle wheel shaft, or some other equivalent mover, not being
the quadrant pinion shaft. In self-acting mules of the constructions commonly
known as "Roberts" or. "Smith's," the back shaft, or mangle wheel shaft
respectively, would be the part from which the motion would be derived; but
we do not restrict our Invention to the connection of the drawing rollers with
the parts so designated, because in some, among the varieties of mule head-
stocks prevailing, the parts which would for our purpose bé equivalent to those
assigned may be known by other names. Although the shafts mentioned
would, therefore, be those most generally used, we wish it to be understood that
our Invention comprehends the application of any mechanism for driving the
drawing rollers substantially of the same nature as the above; although it may
be varied, as regards the immediate point from which the motion is derived, in
order to adapt it to the particular construction of any individual machine, the
use of the quadrant pinion shaft being always excluded.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Berry, Richard Berry, Thomas Berry the younger, and
Thomas Royds in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th May 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
BERRY, RICHARD BERRY, and THOMAS BERRY the younger, all of Rochdale, in
the County of Lancaster, Machinists, and THOMAS ROYDS, of Salford, in the
same County, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her inost Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Berry, Richard Berry, Thomas Berry the younger, and Thomas
Royds, Her special licence that we, the said John Berry, Richard Berry,
Thomas Berry the. younger, and Thomas Royds, our executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Berry, Richard Berry,
Thomas Berry the younger, and Thomas Royds, our executors, administra-
tors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and.
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and, Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-

page_text: tion of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, COMMONLY KNOWN
AS MULES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Berry,
Richard Berry, Thomas Berry the younger, and Thomas Royds, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed 'in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Berry, Richard Berry, Thomas
Berry the younger, and Thomas' Royds, do hereby declare the nature of- our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement (that
is to say):-
Our said Invention consists in an improved method of effecting the rotation
of the drawing rollers of mules, and consequently the delivery of roving
during the "run in" or "put up" of the carriage, thereby increasing the
length of yarn produced at each stretch and preventing snarls, and also in
certain arrangements and combinations of mechanical parts to be used in
accomplishing that purpose. Our method of driving the drawing rollers
during the "run in" "of the carriage is by connecting the front drawing
rollers with the back shaft or mangle wheel shaft (as the case may be) by a
train of toothed wheels, so that motion may be communicated to the former
from the latter through such train of wheels, and the front drawing rollers
thereby made to revolve one or more times during the "run in" of the
carriage. But whereas if the extreme wheels of such a train were keyed fast
on their respective shafts the motion would not only be conveyed by them
during the "run in," but also during the "coming out" of the carriage, which
would be inconvenient, it becomes necessary that the motion communicated
should be limited, so as to operate in one direction only, which we provide for
as follows:-We place the last wheel of the train, or that
upon the drawing
roller shaft, loose on the shaft, and furnish it with the apparatus hereafter to
be described, whereby it becomes interlocked with and drives the shaft when
turned in the required direction only. With a view to render this statement
more easily intelligible, we have annexed to these Presents a Sheet of Draw-
ings, wherein Figure 1 represents, in profile or side view, a train of wheels,
adapted to form the connection between the drawing rollers and the back shaft
in a headstock, constructed after one of the most prevalent forms, and also
the mode of attachment or coupling of the wheel on the drawing roller shaft
with that shaft before adverted to. Figure 2 represents the wheel and

page_text: coupling, last mentioned, in vertical section. The reference characters when
repeated indicate the same parts. We shall exemplify the manner of carrying
our Invention into effect by describing and explaining the arrangements for
that purpose shewn in these Drawings. In Figure 1, a is the back shaft, and a
the driving pinion secured upon it; e is the front drawing roller shaft; and
e', a toothed plate wheel, whose boss is loose on the shaft e; b, c, and.d are
intermediate or carrier wheels, completing the connection between the pinion a
and wheel e; f is a small ratchet wheel, which is keyed or otherwise. secured
on the shaft e, within the cavity or recess. of the plate wheel e'; 9, 9, 9, are
three palls or catches, hung on studs in the disc of the plate wheel e',. and
taking into the teeth of the ratchet wheel f.; As, one at least of: these palls
will be engaged with the ratchet wheel f in any position of the wheel e', it is
clear that the latter, when moved round in the direction of the arrow, will turn
the shaft e along with it, while when moved. in the contrary direction .it will
be entirely inoperative; as, the palls will then overrun the, teeth of the ratchet
.wheel. It will., also be seen, by tracing the connection of. the wheels,, that
the wheel e, and consequently the front drawing rollers, will be turned in the
direction of the arrow when the back shaft a is bringing in the carriage, so
that the motion of the back shaft will operate through the train of wheels
to effect the revolution of the drawing rollers. during the "run in" of the
carriage, and then only, and the speed at which such drawing rollers will
revolve will be determined by the relative magnitudes of the wheels a¹ and e¹.
Although we have shewn and described the above arrangement as simple and
applicable to a great variety of headstocks, yet we wish it to be understood
that we by no means restrict ourselves to that particular form of construction,
as it is evident that other methods of transmitting the motion of the back
shaft to the drawing rollers may be substituted, without altering the character
or principle of the Invention. In some cases, for instance, the connection
may be formed by means of a shaft and bevil gear, especially when the shafts
to be connected are at a considerable distance apart.
And whereas in the previous parts of this statement we have indicated the
back shaft or mangle wheel shaft as the parts from which motion is, to be
communicated to the drawing rollers, we further wish it to be understood, that
we do not limit ourselves to the use of the shafts so designated, inasmuch
as in some cases they may either be situate at an inconvenient distance:
from the drawing rollers, or may have their places supplied by shafts bearing
other names. In case of the back shaft being very inconveniently situate for
our purpose, we provide a substitute for it, by placing a small shaft in a
commodious position, and connecting, its motions with those of the carriage by

page_text: means of a band and pulley. We then use this shaft to drive the drawing
rollers in lieu of a back shaft. With reference, therefore, to the point of the
headstock, from which we derive the motion for driving the drawing rollers,
we wish it to be understood that, under the terms back shaft and mangle
wheel shaft, we comprehend any shaft, however called, whose use is to effect
the "going out" and "running in "of the carriage, or which is immediately
connected with such carriage, such as the substitute shaft, before mentioned.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we conclude by stating that we are aware that the same
effect has heretofore been produced by means different from those herein'
specified, and by declaring that what we claim as new and of our Inven-
tion, with reference to the various matters herein-before mentioned and set
forth, are,-
Firstly, the method herein-before described of causing the drawing rollers
of mules to revolve one or more times during the "run-in" of the carriage
by motion communicated from the back shaft, mangle wheel shaft, or other
shaft whose office is to effect the going-out or run-in of the carriage, or from
any substitute for such shaft.
Secondly, the mechanism or coupling for causing the motion proceeding
from the back shaft to turn the drawing rollers in one direction only, such
mechanism being composed of the several parts marked e¹, f, I, I, and 9, in the
Drawing to these Presents annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the aforesaid Richard Berry, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Signed, sealed, & delivered by the before-
named Richard Berry, in the presence of
J. TAYLER,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
RICHARD BERRY. (L.S.)