IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Wonfor, Chemist, in the employment of
Edward Purser and others, trading under the name of "The London
Manure Company," 40, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, for the Invention of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Wonfor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
May 1854.
I, JOSEPH WONFOR, Chemist, in the employment of Edward Purser and
others, trading under the name of "The London Manure Company," 40,
Bridge Street, Blackfriars, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE" to be as follows:-
Heretofore in the manufacture of some classes of manures it has been the
practice to decompose phosphates of lime, whether obtained from animal or
mineral sources, by sulphuric acid; now, my Invention consists in first mixing
(before applying the above process) the phosphates of lime with chloride of
sodium or magnesium; by this means I obtain, in place of the sulphate of
lime, which is contained in the ordinary manure, and which is of small utility,
sulphate of soda or magnesia and chloride of calcium, which substances are
much more useful as manures.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Wonfor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd November 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS, SHALL COME, I, JOSEPHI
WONFOR, Chemist, in the employment of Edward Purser and others, trading
under the mame of "The London Manure Company," 40, Bridge Street,
Blackfriars, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent, Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Wonfor, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Wonfor, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Wonfor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter' during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF MANURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph
Wonfor, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Wonfor, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof (that is to say)":
-
-Heretofore in the manufacture of some classes of manures it has been the
practice to decompose phosphates of lime, whether obtained from animal or
mineral sources, by sulphuric acid; now, my Invention consists in first mixing
(before applying the above process) the phosphates of lime with chloride of
sodium or magnesia; by this means I obtain, in place of the sulphate of lime,
which is contained in the ordinary manure, and which is of small utility, sulphate
of soda or magnesia and chloride of calcium, which substances are much more
useful as manure.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner in which I perform the same; and I would state that I

page_text: prefer to use chloride of sodium for the purpose, though chloride of magnesia
may be employed, but, I believe, with less advantageous effects. I mix at the
rate of 130 lbs. of a saturated solution of chloride of sodium with 100 lbs. of dry
bones, and then apply 40 lbs. of sulphuric acid (specific gravity 1.845) thereto,
in like manner to that in which sulphuric acid has heretofore been employed in
treating bones in the manufacture of soluble phosphates, and which is well
understood; and the mixture is then to be completed for the market, as hereto-
fore; or it may at once be used and distributed in the land by liquid manure
drills. I would state that it is not essential that the chloride of sodium should
be mixed with the bones before applying the sulphuric acid, as the saturated
solution of chloride of sodium may be first mixed by constant agitation with
the sulphuric acid, and then applied to the bones, in the same manner as
sulphuric acid has heretofore been applied. In the above description I have
mentioned bones as the phosphate of lime employed, but the description above
given is equally applicable to mineral phosphates of lime; and I would state
that when chloride of magnesium is employed in place of or in combination
with chloride of sodium, it is to be used as herein explained.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the proportions above given; but what I claim is, the combining chloride
of sodium or of magnesia with sulphuric acid and phosphate of lime when
making manure.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Wonfor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GEO. PITT,
4, Old Square.
JOSEPH WONFOR. (L.S.)