Improvements in Centrifugal Separators.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1894-Accepted, 6th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Separators.
I, HERMANN FRIEDRICH MARTIN KAYSER, Locksmith of Leipzig, in the
Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a centrifugal separator which serves to sort out and
separate material in grains or granular substances, as well as to separate therefrom
all impurities.
For an example take some kind of cereal to be sorted, barley, for instance.
The mass arrives first, for the purpose of being fed to the centrifugal, in a funnel
or hopper fitted at the bottom with an outlet opening, formed long and narrow and
adjustable. When discharged from this hopper the grain falls on an inclined tray
or plate, thence on a second plate inclined in the opposite direction, through a
sloping funnel to the bottom of the centrifugal proper. As the grain falls on the
second inclined plate it passes through a current of air from a fan-blower whereby
any chance impurities, such as chaff, dust, etc., are removed by means of the blast.
The funnel reaches almost to the bottom of the centrifugal-cylinder which consists
of a vessel in the form of an inverted truncated cone stepped at intervals and
which is fastened by a hub or nave on a vertical shaft this latter being caused to
rotate by any suitable driving mechanism. The above-mentioned funnel at its
lower end, encircles the hub and is provided with an annular outlet opening, also
surrounding the hub, in such manner that the grain falls through the outlet
opening on the bottom of the centrifugal vessel. At the bottom of the latter the
upwardly trending outer wall or casing of the centrifugal vessel is fitted all round
with outlet openings, so that the grain escaping from the bottom of the funnel, by
means of the rotation of the latter is driven outwards by the centrifugal force
through those outlet openings, and upwards. On the outside of the wall or casing
of the centrifugal vessel brackets are cast, to receive and carry rings. These rings
serve to support a grating or sieve formed (outside the centrifugal) of steel wire
rods whereof the lower ends are fixed in suitable holes made to receive them in
the rings while their upper ends are bent so as to hook into corresponding notches
in the rings next above them; the upper er ds of these steel wires are not fixed in
the said notches, but are free to move therein, so that each single wire, by inward
pressure, can be caused to approach the wall or casing of the centrifugal vessel
while when released from such pressure it automatically returns to its original
position. The steel wire rods or grating encircling the lowest step or stage of the
centrifugal vessel, below the ring, are set at a certain distance apart, corresponding
to the grains of the smallest size that it is thought desirable to retain, after the
sorting. Those of the next or intermediate step or stage are set a little further
apart; and similarly with regard to the third or highest step or stage.
The frame or grating of steel wires, by means of the rings and brackets unite
with the centrifugal vessel to form a whole, and consequently rotate together.
Affixed to an outer immovable supporting framework are brackets carrying rollers
which, during the rotation of the apparatus, press the steel wire rods of the several
steps or stages inwards, and thus keep them in continuous vibration.
The mode of operation of the hereinbefore described apparatus is as follows:-
As mentioned at the outset, the grain is delivered at the bottom of the centrifugal
vessel, and through the outlet opening against the lowest step or stage of the
screen or grating formed by the steel wire rods whose mesh is smaller than the
bulk of the grain and allows sand for example to pass at once through the screen,

page_text: and directly on the floor of the centrifugal vessel. By the effect of centrifugal
force, the grain ascends against the steel wire screen, and falls through the screen
when it reaches that stage of the grating, where the steel rods are so arranged that
the mesh permits grains of a certain size to pass. The vibration of the wires,
caused as herein before described, facilitates the passage of the grain. The grain
falling through the step-shaped gratings, lying one above another, according to the
size of the mesh at each stage, are caught in channels and are delivered by various
discharging funnels into receivers outside the apparatus according to their several
sorts. Each channel is fitted with a stirring device which conveys each assorted
kind of grain regularly to a discharging funnel.
Dated this 8th day of January 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
COM LEIE DIECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Separators.
I, HERMANN FRIEDRICH MARTIN KAYSER, of Leipzig in the Empire of
Germany, Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a centrifugal separator and is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section ;
Figure 2 is a plan, partly in horizontal section, and
Figures 3 and 4 show details of the centrifugal.
As
The improved centrifugal separator serves to sort out and separate material in
grains or granular substances, as well as to separate therefrom all impurities.
For an example, take some kind of cereal to be sorted, barley for instance.
The mass arrives first, for the purpose of being fed to the centrifugal in a funnel
or hopper A fitted at the bottom with an outlet opening, formed long and narrow
and adjustable. When discharged from this hopper the grain falls on an inclined
tray or plate D, thence on a second plate E, inclined in the opposite direction,
through a sloping funnel or shoot F to the bottom of the centrifugal proper.
the grain falls on the inclined plate E it passes through a current of air from
a fan-blower G, whereby any chance impurities, such as chaff, dust etc. are removed
by means of the blast. The funnel F reaches almost to the bottom of the
centrifugal cylinder H, which consists of a vessel or drum J in the form of an
inverted truncated cone stepped at intervals (as shown in Figure 1); and which is
fastened by a hub or nave on a vertical shaft B, this latter being caused to rotate
by any suitable driving mechanism. The above mentioned funnel F at its lower
end, encircles the hub h, and is provided with an annular outlet opening, also
surrounding the hub, in such manner that the grain falls through the outlet
opening into the bottom of the centrifugal vessel or drum J. At the bottom of
the latier the upwardly tending outer wall or casing of the drum J is fitted all
round with outlet openings, so that the grain escaping from the bottom of the
funnel F into the drum J, by means of the rotation of the latter is driven outwards
by the centrifugal force through those outlet openings, and upwards. On the
outside of the wall or casing of the drum J brackets i are provided, to receive and
carry rings, k, of the form shown in section in Fig. 3. These rings serve to support
a graduated grating or sieve (outside the drum J) formed of metal, preferably
steel wires or rods s whereof the lower ends are fixed in suitable holes made to
receive them in the rings k, while their upper ends are bent so as to hook into or be
guided in corresponding notches in the rings next above them. As shown in
Figs. 3 and 4 the upper ends of the rods s are not fixed in the said notches, but are

page_text: free to move therein, so that each single rod, by inward pressure can be caused to
approach the wall or casing of the drum J, while, when released from such
pressure, it automatically returns to its original position. The rods encircling the
lowest step or stage of the drum J. below the ring k, are set at a certain distance
apart, corresponding to the grains of the smallest size that it is thought desirable
to retain, after the sorting. Those of the next or intermediate step or stage are
set a little further apart; and similarly with regard to the third or highest step or
stage; or one set of rods may extend from the bottom to the top of the drum.
As shown in Fig. 3, the frame or grating of rods s, by means of the brackets and
rings and k, unite with the drum to form a whole, and consequently rotate
together. Affixed to an outer immovable supporting framework L are brackets
carrying rollers which, during the rotation of the apparatus, press the rods s of
the several steps or stages inwards, and thus keep them in continuous vibration.
The mode of operation of the herein before described apparatus is as follows;-
As mentioned at the outset, the grain is delivered at the bottom of the drum J,.
and through the outlet opening against the lowest step or stage of the screen or
grating formed by the rods s whose mesh or distance apart is smaller than the size
of the grain and allows sand, for example to pass at once through the screen, and
directly on the flour of the fixed casing. By the effect of centrifugal force, the
grain ascends against the screen, and falls through the screen when it reaches that
stage of the grating, where the rods are so arranged that the mesh permits grains
of a certain size to pass. The vibration of the rods s, caused as hereinbefore
described, facilitates the passage of the grain. The grain falling through the step-
shaped gratings, lying one above another, according to the pitch of or distance
between the rods at each stage, are caught in the channels o and are delivered by
various discharging funnels into receivers outside the apparatus according to their
several sorts. Each channel O is fitted with a stirring device which conveys each
assorted kind of grain regularly to a discharging funnel P.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is ;-
1. Sorting or grading substances by means of a revolving conical stepped vessel
and a graduated stepped grating surrounding it by causing the substance escaping
during the rotation of the vessel at the bottom of the latter by centrifugal force to
ascend between the outer wall of the vessel and the grating and against the latter
until it reaches that stage of the grating where the rods are so arranged that the
distance between them permits the grains to pass whereupon the latter are caught,
in collecting channels arranged underneath the grating for the several stages of
the latter separately substantially as set forth.
2. A centrifugal separator for sorting granular substances characterised by a
vessel J in the form of an inverted truncated cone stepped at intervals rotating
about a vertical axis and provided with a funnel or shoot F in combination with a
grating secured to the centrifugal vessel J and said grating being formed by down-
wardly inclined wires or rods, whereof the thickness and distance from each other
are calculated according to the kind and size of the material to be sorted substan-
tially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In the centrifugal separator characterised in the first claim the arrangement
of rollers which during the rotation of the apparatus keep the steel wire rods
in continuous vibration for the purpose of facilitating and assuring the passage of
the grains ascending against the steel wire rods, substantially as set forth and shown
in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a centrifugal separator a grating composed of rods each screwed at one end
and free at the other end to move radially towards and from the axis of the vessel
with which they rotate in combination with rollers such as for the purpose of
imparting the necessary movement to the rods substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 5. In a centrifugal separator the employment of a conical graduated rotating
grating for the purpose of separating the different grades of the material to be
sorted substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. In a centrifugal separator sorting or grading the material at different levels by
centrifugal force by means of a conical rotating drum graduated grating sub- 5
stantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.