IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING OR CONNECTING PIPES TO BACH OTHER, OR TO PLANE OR CURVED SURFACES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernest August Bourry, of St. Gallen, in the
Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland, Civil Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING OR CONNECTING PIPES TO BACH OTHER, OR TO
PLANE OR CURVED SURFACES."
Sealed the 28th March 1876, and dated the 1st October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernest August Bourry
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st October 1875.
I, ERNEST AUGUST BOURRY, of St. Gallen, in the Canton of St. Gallen,
Switzerland, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING OR CONNECTING PIPES TO EACH OTHER,
OR TO PLANE OR CURVED SURFACES," to be as follows :—
These improvements relate more particularly to screwed joints for
connecting pipes or tubes to each other or to curved or flat plates. By
such means the two parts to be united are brought more firmly together
and with less effort than by the plans at present known or in use, and
the said parts are also disconnected for repairs or renewal with greater

page_text: facility. These advantages are more particularly felt in cases where
difficult joints have to be made, such as in positions where there is
insufficient room to turn them or to fit them together, or to get in the
necessary tools.
These improvements are also applicable to machines or portions of 5
machines in which certain parts have to be brought together with
considerable force, such as presses, punches, and the like. In the case of
screwed joints they are formed by making the pitch of the screwed
thread of one of the parts slightly differential to that of the other; in
other words, there is a slight difference in the pitches of the two threads. 1
By this means a nut or ferrule, or a coupling box, for instance, cut with
threads corresponding to those on the male screws, on being turned
round advances on one of the parts at a slightly quicker rate than on
the other, and at a speed dependent upon the difference of the pitches of
the threads. By this action the parts if separated are brought nearer
together, or should the said parts be already in contact they are thereby
subjected to a mutual pressure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ernest August Bourry in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ERNEST
AUGUST BOURRY, of St. Gallen, in the Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Ernest August Bourry, Her special licence,
that I, the said Ernest August Bourry, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Ernest August Bourry, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,

page_text: the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN JOINING OR CONNECTING PIPES TO EACH OTHER, OR TO PLANE OR CURVED
SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Ernest
August Bourry, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ernest August Bourry, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
These improvements relate more particularly to screwed joints for
connecting pipes or tubes to each other or to curved or flat plates. By
such means the two parts to be united are brought more firmly together
and with less effort than by the plans at present known or in use, and
the same parts can also be disconnected for repairs or renewal with
greater facility. These advantages are more particularly felt in cases
where difficult joints have to be made, such as in positions whero there
is insufficient room to turn them round, or to fit them together, or to get
in the necessary tools.
These improvements are also applicable to machines or portions of
machines in which certain parts have to be brought together with
considerable force. In the case of screwed joints they are formed by
making the pitch of the screwed thread of one of the portions slightly
differential; in other words, there is a slight difference between the
pitches of the two threads. By this means a nut or ferule or coupling
box, for instance, being cut with threads corresponding to those in the
male screws, on being turned round advances on one of the portions at a
slightly quicker rate than on the other, and at a speed dependent upon
the difference of the pitch of the threads. By this action the parts if
separated are brought together, or should the said parts be already in
contact they are thereby subjected to a mutual pressure.
Having in the above described the nature of my Invention, I will now
set forth by means of Drawings the means of carrying it out.

page_text: On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings are shown eight different
modes of applying my Invention. The plan is susceptible of many more
applications and purposes, which will be obvious to engincers, without
departing from the essence of the Invention.
Figure 1 indicates the sectional elevation, and Figure 2 the crossi
section at the dotted line 1-2 of Figure 1 of a joint for connecting a
fluo tubo a with a tube plate b by means of a ferule c. This ferulo
consists of two portions c and k, of slightly differing diameters, and cach
cut with a screw thread, the pitch of the screw k being rather longer
than that of the screw e. Both the hole for the insertion of the tube 1
into the plate b, and the inside of the tube are tapped with threads
corresponding to the male screws on the ferule, and the diameter of the
hole in the tube plate is sufficient to allow the end of the ferule to easily
pass through. A washer of copper, or lead, or other soft metal, may he
placed between the end of the tube and of the plate, as shewn. The 1
great pressure resulting on turning the ferule forces it into and thereby
compensates for any chance inequalities of the surfaces.
Figure 3 shews a sectional elevation, and Figure 4 half cross section
through the lines 3-4 and 5-6 of my method of joining two tubes of
different diameters G and K united by a tubular coupling i. This 2
coupling is tapped with threads of two different pitches. The length of
the scrowed portion of the tube is double that of the corresponding
tapped portion of the coupling. In order to form the joint the coupling
is entirely screwed over the pipe G; the tube K is then brought up, and
on turning the coupling in the contrary direction the two tubes are 2
thereby forced together. Should the difference of their diameters be too
great or their surface of contact insufficient a washer ; may be inter-
posed.
Figures 5 and 6 shew longitudinal and cross sections respectively
through the lines 7-8 and 9-10 of Figure 5 of a joint for two tubes 7 21

page_text: In Figure 7 o is a nut or boss, or other portion of machinery tapped
with a female screw.. Into this can be screwed a spindle, one portion of
which is out with a corresponding thread, another portion being cut
with a thinner thread; the second suitable nut can slide up and down
3 but cannot turn. In turning the spindle p to the right, the screw being
right handed, the screwed portion p will progress downwards and faster
ip
through o than q progresses through r. The sliding motion of r will
thus be only at the rate corresponding to the difference in the thicknesses
of the two threads. As the motion can be up or down, according to
the direction that the spindle is turned, this combination can be applied
for either pulling or pushing.
°
Figure 8 indicates a somewhat differing construction, wherein the
differential threads, instead of being on a spindle, are cut on a hollow
cylinder, the course thread being preferably on the outside of the same;
the tapped boss O is fixed. On the cylinder S being rotated the spindle k,
which can slide but not turn, is caused to progress with the slow
differential screw motion.
Having now fully set forth the nature of and the means for carrying
out my Invention, I declare that what I claim as novel is, the connecting
and bringing together tubular portions of machinery by the means and
for the objects substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernest August Bourry, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of March, in
the wea of our Land One thousand night bundand and