Year: 1838

page_text: LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOOD
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY :
PUBLISHED AT THE GREAT SEAL PATENT OFFICE,
25, SOUTHAMPTON BUILDINGS, HOLBORN.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
CYPRIEN CALLET, late of New York, in the United States of America, but now
residing in Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Eleventh day of July, in the second year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Louis
Cyprien Callet, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I; the said Louis Cyprien Callet, my executors, administrators, and assigns;
and such 'ötliers as I, the said Louis Cyprien Callet, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with.and no other; from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make,use,exercise, and vend, within England and Wales,and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed; 'an Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER, APPLICABLE TO PROPELLING
BOATS AND OTHER VESSELS, CARRIAGES, MACHINES, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES,"
which has been communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad; in which
stid Letters Patentis contained a proviso thatJ, the said Louis Cyprien Callet,'
shall cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear
I NOW KNOW YE, that incompliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
Louis Cyprien Callet, do hereby declare that the nature of the'said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say:-
These improvementsin machinery or apparatus for producing motive power
applicable to propelling boats or other vessels, carriages, machines, and other
nseful purposes.consist in a novel arrangementofmechanism or apparatus for
the purpose of communicating the power obtained from galvanism to cranks
and driving shafts for the purpose of producing motive power, as such appartus
or machinery is designed to create or supply a power for any purposes to which
animal, mechanical, or other physical power can be or is applied to move
bodies and machinery of every description. The apparatus is composed of a
bolt or bolts (herein-after described), and an instrument, denominated in science
a helix, which is formed by winding insulated copper or other wire proper for
the purpose, spirally around a hollow cylinder or other shaped tube of thin
metal or other suitable substance incapable of being magnetized, in the usual
manner and proper quantity in making helices for the purpose of forming
magnets. The wire is insulated by winding around the same cotton, silk, or
other thread, or narrow strips of cloth. The helix, to increase its power, is to
be inclosed (except the ends of it when placed in an upright position) in a case
of cast iron of equal thickness, and of such weight as will add most to the
power of the helix. This case is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, open at
each end, and fitting as closely as possible to the helix; galvanism being passed
through such wires in proper quantity, the helix is complete. The helix should
be so formed that the internal hollow will be smooth, firm, and uniform
throughout, so as to permit a long and uniformly thick piece or bolt of iron, of
the same shape, and nearly exactly fitting the said hollow cylinder or tube, to
pass and repass longitudinally through it with as little friction or obstruction
as possible. The end of a bolt or piece of iron, fitting such hollow cylinder or
tube,as before described, is then inserted a short distance in to the hollow or tube,
and the helix being galvanized the bolt will be drawn forcibly entirely into the
said tube, and a motion be thus created. The power and motion thus pro-
duced is made to produce a reciprocating action, and turn a crank or cranks
like the ordinary steam engine, by a machine constructed and put in motion as
follows:-
In order that these improvements in machinery or apparatus for producing
motive power may be better understood, I have attached to these Presents a
Drawing of such apparatus, and marked similar letters of reference upon
corresponding parts in each of the Figures. Figure 1 is a side elevation, and
Figure 2 a plan or horizontal view of the apparatus. Two of the above-

page_text: described instruments or machines, consisting of a helix o, u, and bolt of iron b, b
each one placed perpendicularly at a distance from each other, and so as to be
directly under each extremity of the beam c, working upon a central bearingd,
as the ordinary working beam of the steam engine. The top of each bolt bis
connected to the extremity of the working beam c above, by a connecting rod
d", d*, which rod is united at one end to the bolt, and at the other to the
extremity of the working beam, by a suitable joint, so as to allow the bolts to
move up and down perpendicularly as the ends of the working beam rise and
fall. The working beam is supported in the centre in proper bearings, so as
to allow it to play freely up and down, the bolts being inserted when the
working beam is horizontal (or at half stroke), so as to be a little less than
half their length out of and above, & a little more than half their length
within their respective tubes or helices. A rod of metal is fixed by a swivel
joint, so as to allow it to play freely to the working beam, at a suitable distance
between the centre of the beam and one of its extremities, according to the
size of the crank it is to turn. The helices a, a, are both supported firmly in a
suitable frame ffff, bolted to the ground or flooring. The rod e, before
described, to turn the crank g, passes also through a mortice cut in the frame
in order to let the rod play as the crank turns. The crank shaft is supported
in bearings attached to the framework of the apparatus; its two extremities are
projected so as to extend beyond each side of the frames; upon one extremity,
outside of the frame, is fixed an ordinary balance or fly-wheel i, i, of suitablé
size and weight. Upon the other is fastened a small wooden cylinder or wheel
j, through the centre of which the crank shaft passes; upon this wooden wheel
jare fastened (on opposite sides of its periphery, at a small distance from each
other, so as not to allow the galvanic fluid to be communicated from one to
the other, and one being on the inner and the other on the outer end of the
said wheel, each extending about one half the length of said wheel,) two thin,
sinooth, flat pieces of silver k, k, lying close to and inserted in the wood, and
running about, but not quite half way around, the wood, and forming semi-
circles, so that one and the inner half of the cylinder or wheel of wood presents
a surface of wood, and the other or outer half presents a surface of silver; four
long thin slips or bars of copper, tin, or silver l,l,l,l, (ailver being the best con-
ductor,) are then placed two on each side of the said wooden wheel, so that none
of them shall directly communicate galvanism to any of the others, but so that
the one end of each of those on one side shall rest and slightly press upon one
of the pieces of silver on the wheel, and one end of each, those on the opposite
side, shall rest and press in the same manner on the other piece of silver on the
wheel. The other ends of each of the inner strips or bars 1,1,1,1, are attached to

page_text: the ends of the wiresm, m, (or conductors leading to them,) projecting from the
upper ends of the helices a, a, and the other ends of each of the outer straps are
attached to conductors leading from the battery, and conveying the same kind
of galvanism, that is either positive or negative, to both the said outer straps or
bars. These conducting strips or bars of metal are firmly supported upon
pieces of wood n, n, inserted into the sides of the framing on each side of the
wooden wheel. The ends of the wires projecting from the lower ends of the
helices under the frame are united by extending a bar of copper o, o, from one
to the other, and to each end of which bar the lower ends of wire of each helix
are soldered. A battery, composed of a sheet of zinc and sheet of copper, or
concentricalternate sheets of zinc and copper, such as is ordinarily used to gal-
vanize helices in forming galvanic magnets, and sometimes called a calorimoter,
is then applied to the machine placed in any convenient situation as above
described, by suitable copper conductors, one of which leads from the sheet or
plate of zinc, and the other from the sheet or plate of copper composing the
battery. One of these conductors is firmly secured by screws or other similar
fastening to the copper baro, o, uniting the two lower ends of the helices. The
other is forked or divided, or has two conductors attached to it, so as to lead
the galvanism (but alternately, as herein-after described,) to the upper ends of
the helices; each of these conductors is attached to the ends of the outer straps
or bars 7, 7, of silver, above described. The galvanism will then pass from the
battery, through the medium of the outer and inner strap or bar of silver, ou
one side of the wooden wheel, and the plate of silver on the wheel, if they are
in contact with it, to the helix on that side of the wheel, and it will pass in the
same manner to the other helix, when the strips of silver on the other side
of the wheel are in contact with the other piece of silver on the wheel. The
pieces of silver on the wheel must be so placed that the ends of the strips
of silver which are to come in contact with them will commence such contact
when the bolt on that end of the machine shall have reached its highest eleva-
tion in its helix. Galvanism being thus communicated to the machine, it wil
pass through the medium of the two small silver conductors or straps on one
side of the wheel which the position of said wheel brings in contact with one.
of the pieces of silver fixed upon it, as before described, to one of the helices ;:
and that helix being thus galvanized, the bolt contained in it will be drawn or
attracted downwards, so that its lower extremity will descend to the bottom of
the helix at the same time; the other two silver conductors or strips on the
other side of the wheel not being in immediate contact with a piece of silver
fixed on the wooden wheel, but with the surface of the wood itself, will form
no communication for the galvanism from the battery to the other helix, and

page_text: the bolt contained in it will rise, so that its lower extremity will reach to a
point about the third of a distance from the top of its helix, and which point,
or a point at about a third or quarter of the distance from the top of the helix
is the proper elevation for the lower extremity of either helix to rise to when
at its highest point. The apparatus or machinery being thus put in motion,
and the crank made to revolve, the wooden wheel in its revolution will bring
the other silver conductors or straps in contact with the other piece of silver.
on the wooden wheel, and suspend the contact of the other silver conductors
or straps with the other piece of silver, which latter conductors or straps
will.now rest on the wood. Thus the helix not before galvanised will becoine
galvnised, and draw down its bolt, and the helix previously galvanised will:
cease to be so, and allow its bolt to ascend; and as soon as the wheel
revolves the helixes will thus be alternately galvanised, and not galvanised,
and the continuous alternate reciprocating motion of the two bolts be effected.
The crank, being thus put in motion, will necessarily communicate driving
power wherever it may be required, being attached by suitable gearing or other-
wise. The power will be greatly increased in proportion to the dimensions of:
the helix and the battery, if, instead of only one helix and a single bolt at each
end of the working beam, two helixes or a pair are used at each end, and
standing so that their hollow cylinders shall be exactly parallel to each other.
A stirrup-shaped piece of iron is then to be used to each pair of helixes, and
formed as follows:-It should consist of two bolts of iron, inade to fit the
hollows of the cylinders as above described, and which bolts should be united
at the top by a curved or straight piece of iron, of sufficient thickness, (that is
about as thick as the bolts,) and which piece of iron should be nicely and
firmly put on by mortices and tenons, or the bolts and toppiece may be drawn
or formed in one piece. The bolts, however, must stand exactly parallel to each
other, and so that they can be inserted into the two hollows of the two helixes
or pair at each end of the working beam, and allowed to work freely in them;
each end of the working beam is to be attached; by means of the connecting
rod, to the centre (between the bolts) of the cross piece of iron uniting the
bolts, so that they will balance when suspended. The helixes are to be so placed,
that the top poles of each pair will be opposite poles when galvanism is passed
through them; that is, the top of one helix will be positively magnetic, and
that of the other negatively so. One battery will do for the four helixes if they
are so united that the galvanism will pass through the four, and the pairs be
alternately galvanised. In this case the helixes of each pair are to be united
by soldering their top wires together. The bottom wires of two of the helixes
on one side of the machine, but at opposite ends of the working beam, are to

page_text: be united by the copper bar, as above described, having one of the conductors
fastened to it by means of a screw or otherwise, as above described; the bottom
wires of the other two helixes opposite to each other, and on the other side of
the machine, are to be attached to the ends (opposite the ends resting on the
wheel) of the inner straps or conducting bars of silver above described.
Lastly, I would remark that the helixes employed in the above-described
apparatus may be made of copper, tin, or other suitable metal, cast or wrought
in a spiral form (instead of wire).
Various other modes may doubtless be contrived for letting on and sus-
pending the passage of the galvanic fluid; and also two or more pair of
helixes and cylinders may be coupled and arranged, so as to actuate the same
working beam or separate working beams moving the same shaftsby rectangular
cranks, so that the centre of motion may be more easily overcome, as in ordi-
nary coupled steam engines.
Having now particularly described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be particularly
understood, that no part or parts of the above appartus is claimed as new when
separately considered; but I claim under the above recited Letters the com-
bination of the mechanism, consisting of the helix, and bolt or bar of iron or
steel attracted and moving within the helix, as above described, and thereby
communicating motion to the rest of the appartus, which is obviously not
limited or confined to that shewn in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Cyprien Callett, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.
ממתתת.
LOUIS CYPRIEN (L.S.) CALLET.
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