IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING CLAY IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Gustav Dahlke, of Battersea, in the County of
Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING
CLAY IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES."-
A communication from abroad by Gottfried Sachsenberg, of Rosslan,
Germany.
Sealed the 3rd July 1863, and dated the 6th January 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Gustav Dahlke at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th January 1868.
I, JULIUS GUSTAV DAHLKE, of Battersea, in the County of Surrey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR CUTTING CLAY IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in mounting upon a frame with wheels for travelling
on rails or trams a set of rollers covered by an endless belt, which belt receives
the clay as it is expressed from a moulding machine. At the further end of
the rollers other rollers are fitted, and over them a frame capable of transverse
motion; between the endless belt and transverse frame a cutting wire or blade
is placed, and the far end of the transverse frame is provided wiht a door
which usually remains closed, but which may be opened when required. The

page_text: endless belt rollers and the transverse frame are all connected to the wheeled
frame, and are capable of being moved to and fro. On the clay being fed
from the moulding machine it travels along the endless belt and its outer
end abuts against the door before mentioned. The cutter is then brought
into action and severs the clay between the endless belt and that contained
in the transverse frame. Then the transverse frame is pulled out laterally,
whereby the clay is brought into contact with, say, three cutting wires or
blades, and the three portions of clay so cut, say bricks, are removed ready
for being stacked. In being pulled out the frame falls, and the clay, still
continuing to issue from the moulding machine, is received on the rollers, over
which the transverse frame has been drawn. On the frame being returned
to its original position it rises over the rollers, receives the fresh charge which
is severed as before, when the frame is again pulled out, and so on. It will be
understood that the block of clay drawn out by the transverse frame may be
divided into any desired number of parts according to the number of cutting
wires to which it is exposed in its lateral travel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Julius Gustav Dahlke in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th July 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULIUS
GUSTAV DAHLKE, of Battersea, in the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of January, in the year of our. Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Julius Gustav Dahlke, Her special licence that I, the said Julius
Gustav Dahlke, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Julius Gustav Dahlke, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING CLAY IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS,
TILES, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES," (communicated to me from abroad by Gottfried
Sachsenberg, of Rosslan, Germany,) upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Julius Gustav Dahlke, my executors or administrators, by an

page_text: instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julius Gustav Dahlke, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in mounting upon a frame with wheels for travelling
on rails or trams a set of rollers covered by an endless belt, which belt receives
the clay from another set of rollers on to which it is expressed from a
moulding machine. At the further end of the rollers other rollers are fitted,
and over them a frame capable of transverse motion; between the endless belt
and transverse frame a cutting wire or blade is placed, and the far end of
the transverse frame is provided with a door which usually remains closed,
but which may be opened when required. The endless belt rollers and the
transverse frame are all connected to the wheeled frame, and are capable of
being moved to and fro. On the clay being fed from the moulding machine
it travels along the endless belt, and its outer end abuts against the door
before mentioned. The cutter is then brought into action and severs the
clay between the endless belt and that contained in the transverse frame.
Then the transverse frame is pulled out laterally, whereby the clay is brought
into contact with, say, three cutting wires or blades, and the three portions of
clay so cut, say bricks, are removed ready for being stacked.
In being
pulled out the frame falls, and the clay, still continuing to issue from the
moulding machine, is received on the rollers over which the transverse frame
has been drawn. On the frame being returned to its original position it rises
over the rollers, receives the fresh charge which is severed as before when
the frame is again pulled out, and so on. It will be understood that the
block of clay drawn out by the transverse frame may be divided into any
desired number of parts according to the number of cutting wires to which it
is exposed in its lateral travel.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a longitudinal section of a
machine for cutting clay constructed according to this Invention; Figure 2 is
a plan; Figure 3 an end elevation, and Figure 4 a horizontal section of the
same; Figure 5 is a plan sbewing the manner in which the machine works. The
same letters refer to the same parts in all the Figures.

page_text: frame E is
A is a rectangular frame of angle iron supported by standards B, B, and
fastened by hinges or otherwise to the mouth or orifice of a moulding machine.
C, C, is a truck or carriage on the frame A, movable on wheels f,f; 9, 9, are
transverse bars connecting the sides of the truck or carriage C; 9, 9', are
rollers resting upon the sides of the carriage or truck C in such manner as to
allow of their being lifted out when required; they are covered by an endless
belt; h, h, are two supports fastened to the carriage C fixed at their upper
part to a transverse bar h', and connected through straps k, k, to an angle
iron ; is a door fastened by hinges to the straps k, k, and free to open as
shewn by the dotted lines. The lower part of this door is held by the frame
of the carriage C, C. D is a handle connected to bars d¹, d, of which d² is
free to slide in a groove in the bar h' and d' upon one of the bars g; l, l, are
cutting wires or blades fastened to the bar d' and kept stretched by screws d*, d'.
E is a frame sliding in notches in the frame of the carriage C, and provided
with handles es, e³, it is prevented from being pulled entirely out by guides e³.
F, F, F, are boxes separated from each other sufficiently to allow cutting
wires or blades to pass between them and screwed to the slide frame E by the
screw f, which also serves to limit the distance to which the
pulled out by coming against the inner surface of the carriage C.
catches for holding cutting wires or blades n, n, which pass over
and are tightened by screws o¹, o', passing through the straps k, k.
or blades 1, l, and n, n, are arranged in such manner that the former shall pass
at the side of and the latter between the boxes F, F, F, by the motion of the
slide frames D, E. The distance between the wires n, n, is equal to the
thickness of a brick, and the distance between the wires and the door is
equal to the thickness of three bricks. p, p, is a frame movable longitudinally
as well as upwards and downwards in slits formed in the under part of the
slide frame E. p¹, p', are rollers resting on the frame p, p. In the position
indicated by the red lines in Figure 4 the frame p, p, rests on two prisms q, q,
fixed to the transverse bar g, and the rollers p¹, p', are on a level with the
other rollers. But when the frame E is moved the frame p, p, is lowered, as
hereafter described, by means of projections r, r, secured to the transverse
slide E, so that it rests with two notches cut therein over the prisms q, q,
the rollers p, p, being then a little lower than the other rollers. The
movement of the handle D is regulated by pins s, s', coming against a suitable
projection.
m, m, are
pieces o, o,
The wires
The working is as follows (see Figure 5):-The carriage or truck is rolled
up to the orifice or mouth of the moulding machine, the stream of clay T, from
which passes over the rollers'c², c², the endless belt and the rollers p, p, till

page_text: it abuts against the door i¹ and moves forward the carriage. At this moment
the handle D must be moved into the position indicated by the blue lines, by
which means one of the wires will cut off a piece of clay T¹ exactly sufficient
for, say, three bricks. The carriage C must now be moved forward sufficiently
to prevent its interfering with the advance of the stream of clay T. Then the
frame E must be moved into the position indicated in blue, and the clay T¹ is
thereby separated by the wires n, n, into three bricks which rest upon the
frame E from which they are removed by hand. In order that the cut off
piece of clay T¹ may rest securely upon the frame E and not upon the
rollers p'; p', while the frame E is being moved, the rollers p¹, p', are lowered
by a self-acting motion as hereafter described, every time the frame E cuts
the clay, and in order that the machine may be ready to receive another
piece T¹, the rollers p¹, p', rise again after the clay has been cut. As soon as
the bricks have been removed from the frame E the carriage C is moved
back again towards the stream of clay until the latter again abuts against the
door and the same operations are repeated. If the truck is pushed too far,
then the door can be opened, when the clay from the machine will pass
freely without injuring any part of the cutting apparatus. The clay may then
be cut at pleasure and room may be made for the truck.
which the rollers p³, p³, are lowered when the frame E cuts the clay and
again raised will be understood by reference to Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, and
the following description thereof. When the frame E is in the position
represented in Figure 6, the under surface of the frame prests upon the
prisms 9, 9, and the upper surface of the rollers p¹, p², is then a little above
the frame E. As soon as the frame E is moved, the projection ¹, by meeting
the frame p at the point x³, will move the frame p so that its notches fit over
the prisms 9, 9, as seen in Figure 7; and since the rollers p', p', also move
with the frame p, they will be lowered to an extent equal to the height of
the prisms or to the depth of the notches, and will then be a little below
the upper surface of the frame E. When the frame E is pulled out on the
other side of the bolt f*, by coming against the surface 2¹, will carry with it
the frame p, so that the under surface of the latter will again rest upon the
prisms q, q.
The rollers p', p', are now again a little above the upper
surface of the frame E, and therefore in position for receiving another portion
of clay.
The manner in
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the construction
and employment of machinery for cutting clay in the manufacture of

page_text: bricks, tiles, and similar articles arranged and operating substantially
as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julius Gustav Dahlk, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of June, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-three.
JULIUS GUSTAV DAHLKE. (L.S.)