IMPROVEMENTS IN THE REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING OF LIQUIDS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ICE RINKS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Gamgee, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING OF
LIQUIDS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ICE RINKS."
Sealed the 1st August 1876, and dated the 2nd February 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Gamgee at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd February 1876.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
JOHN GAMGEE, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex.
REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING OF LIQUIDS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ICE RINKS."
My Invention consists in the employment or application of any one or more of
the liquids herein-after mentioned in substitution for brine and other liquids usually
employed as the circulating medium for abstracting heat from or imparting cold to
the water or liquid to be frozen in the manner well understood.
The liquids 1 employ and apply for this purpose are, firstly, mineral oils such as
those derived from shale, coal, and bitumen, and natural rock oils, these oils
having been deprived by the well known means of their paraffin, naphthalin,
paranaphthalin, and other solid matters; secondly, vegetable, animal, and fish oils
which have had the solid fats and fatty acids removed from them by exposure
to great cold and pressure; the vegetable, animal, or fish oils thus prepared may
be employed either alone or in combination with any of the nineral oils above
mentioned, or with any of the liquids now about to be mentioned; thirdly, such
of the amylic, methylic, and ethylic group of compounds as are not too volatile
at ordinary temperatures, and do not solidify or crystallize at 0° Fahrenheit.
All the liquids above mentioned being practically uncongealable at very low
temperatures are particularly adapted for use in the production and maintenance
of floors or surfaces of ice for skating rinks, more especially in the manner described
in a Provisional Specification lodged by me on the 20th December 1875, No. 4412.
The liquid which I prefer to the others above described is what is known as
an intermediate oil, that is an oil having a specific gravity of 0.840 to 0-860, or
intermediate between the ordinary illuminating mineral oils and the lubricating
oils from the same source.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Gamgee in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd August
1876.
JOHN GANGEE, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING OF LIQUIDS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ICE RINKS."
My Invention consists in the employment or application of the liquids herein-
after mentioned, all and any of them in substitution for brine and other liquids
usually employed as the circulating media for abstracting heat from or imparting
cold to the water or liquid to be frozen in the manner well understood.
The liquids I employ and apply for this purpose are, firstly, mineral oils such as
those derived from shale, coal, and bitumen, and natural rock oils, these oils
having been deprived by the well known means of their paraffin, naphthalin,
paranaphthalin, and other solid matters; secondly, vegetable, animal, and fish oils
which have had the solid fats and fatty acids removed from them by exposure to
great cold and pressure; the vegetable, animal, or fish oils thus prepared may be
employed either alone or in combination with any of the mineral oils above
mentioned, or with any of the liquids now about to be mentioned; thirdly, such of
the amylic, methylic, and ethylic group of compounds as are not too volatile at
ordinary temperatures and do not solidify or crystallize at 0° Fahrenheit.
All the liquids above mentioned being practically uncongealable at very low
temperatures are particularly adapted for use in the production and maintenance
of floors or surfaces of ice for skating rinks, in the manner described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated the 20 December 1875,
No. 4412.
The liquid which I prefer to the others above described is what is known as an
intermediate oil, that is an oil having a specific gravity of 0.840 to 0.860, or inter-
mediate between the ordinary illuminating mineral oils and the lubricating oils
from the same source.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Gamgee, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Second day of August, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
61X.
Witness,
J. C. MEWBURN,
Patent Agent,
169, Fleet Street,
London.
JOHN GAMGEE. (L.S.)