Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubes or Tubular Bodies.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1898-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubes or Tubular Bodies.
We, JOHN HAMILTON BROWN, of Central Hotel, Reading, in the County of
Berks, and State of Pennsylvania, and HARVEY MAY MUNSELL, of 5, Beckman
Street, in the Borough of Manhattan, in the City and State of New York, both
in the United States of America, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to he particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to an improvement in tubular bodies and more particularly
to tubular bodies made up of longitudinal pieces, and held together by pressure
within the bore and by an exterior binding, one or both.
A practical embodiment of our invention is represented in the accompanying
drawings, in which
Figure 1 represents a tubular body in end elevation, the pieces which form it
being shown in assembled adjustment and surrounded by a layer of wire wound
thereon,
Figure 2 is a view in detail of one of the pieces before it is curved,
Figure 3 is a view of the same after the piece has been bent substantially into
the curved form which it is to assume in the completed structure.
Figure 4 is an end elevation of a modified form of tubular body, and
Figure 5 is a similar view of another modification.
The pieces, which make up the body of the tube in our present invention, may
be made of steel or other suitable metal although we do not wish to limit
ourselves to any particular substance. As distinguished from pieces, the opposite
sides of which follow radial lines from the central axis of the tubular body to its
circumference, the pieces herein shown and to which our present invention is
directed have such widths that the sum total of their thicknesses on transverse
lines will be substantially equal to a circumference described from the axis of the
tubular body as a centre and with a radius equal to the distance from said axis to
the interior wall of the bore, while at a point or points exterior to the inner wall
of the bore the sum total of the thicknesses of the pieces along such transverse
lines would be less than the length of a circumference drawn from the axis of
the tubular body as a centre and with a radius equal to the distance of such point
or points from the axis.
In short, the structure is such that in order to close the segments one to another
throughout their depths it will be necessary to curve them in the same direction
so that, when closed one upon another to form a substantially solid wall, a circum-
ference drawn from the axis of the tubular body as a centre and with a radius
greater than the distance from the said axis to the interior of the wall, would cut
the pieces in a diagonal direction.
Each of the pieces, in the form shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, is denoted by A.
and may be made of any thickness desired or of any thickness which can be
practically utilized in its bent condition. The several pieces A are intended to rest
with their inner edges adjacent to each other around the wall of the bore, and, as
they extend outwardly from the bore, they become deflected from radial lines, the
angle of deflection gradually increasing as they approach the exterior surface of the
LD031

page_text: tubular body and as the surfaces of the adjacent pieces are brought into contact
throughout their entire depth.
Instead of starting the pieces at the periphery of the bore on substantially radial
lines as represented in Figure 1 they may be started on lines oblique to the
radial lines, as represented in Figure 4 where the pieces are denoted by A¹. The
curve, which the pieces A¹ assume in the form shown in Figure 4 is substantially
the same as the curve which the pieces A assume in Figure 1. In fact, Figure 4
may be considered as a part of the structure shown in Figure 1, the wall of the
bore in Figure 1 being extended by removing the inner edges of the sections A for
a distance which will bring their inner edges on a circumference drawn from
the axis of a tubular body as a centre and a radius equal to the radius of a bore
represented in Figure 4.
It will be observed that a radial pressure, particularly in the form shown in
Figure 4, exerting its force outwardly from within the bore, will tend to cause the
pieces A¹ to tightly bind against one another and thereby close more tightly together
the adjacent sides of the pieces.
The sub-divisions or pieces A may either be made in plain form as represented in
Figure 2 and forced into the curved form and held therein by a binding layer B of
wire, straps or a casing, or they may bend into the shape which they are finally to
assume, before being assembled, and a binding layer then applied to hold them in
their assembled adjustment.
While we have shown the sub-divisions or pieces enwrapped by a layer of wire,
we wish it to be understood that we do not limit ourselves to this particular form of
binder as we might employ in its stead a continuous casing, or a series of straps or
might dispense with it altogether.
In the form shown in Figure 5 the sub-divisions or pieces A follow the lines of a
convolute or involute curve and each sub-division or piece begins and ends a
considerable distance in advance of the preceding sub-division or piece.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A tubular body composed of sub-divisions or pieces extending longitudinally
of the body and having substantially the same thickness throughout their width the
said pieces being curved laterally to bring their adjacent sides into proximity to
one another, substantially as set forth.
2. A. tubular body composed of sub-divisions or pieces extending longitudinally
thereof and curved laterally, the sum total of the thicknesses of the said pieces on
transverse lines along a circumferential line exterior to the wall of the bore being
less than the length of said circumferential line and means for holding the said sub-
divisions or pieces in assembled adjustment, substantially as set forth.
3. A tubular body composed of sub-divisions extending longitudinally of the body
and from the periphery of the bore to the exterior of the body, the said sub-divisions
being curved laterally and said sub-divisions being curved continuously in the same
direction from the periphery of the bore to the exterior of the body and means for
holding the sub-divisions in assembled adjustment, substantially as set forth.
4. A tubular body composed of sub-divisions extending longitudinally of the body
and from the bore to the periphery of the body, said sub-divisions being of
substantially uniform thickness throughout and curved laterally, the curve being
such that the sub-divisions will rest with their adjacent faces in contact and means
for holding the sub-divisions in assembled adjustment substantially as set forth.
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.