matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
PREVENTING THE FLOW OF SEWER GAS INTO BUILDINGS BY MEANS OF A SPECIALLY CONTRIVED KIND OF TRAP
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Carder at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November 1882.
THOMAS CARDER, of Bideford, in the county of Devon, Brick and Pottery
Engineer "PREVENTING THE FLOW OF SEWER GAS INTO BUILDINGS BY MEANS OF
A SPECIALLY CONTRIVED KIND OF TRAP"
This invention consists in improvements in the construction, mode of action and
method of trapping and cleansing certain earthenware, stoneware, metallic or other
vessels, traps or closet-pans whereby sewer gas may be more effectually prevented
from entering or passing from the sewer or soil pipe into water-closets, dwelling
houses or other buildings or situations from which it may be desirable to exclude
the flow of sewer and other foul gases and effluvia and whereby the flushing,
cleansing and ventilation by means of the various accessory forms and arrangements
of such vessels, traps, or closet pans may be secured.
In carrying out my invention I construct a vessel, pan or trap of convenient
form externally and internally according to the size or dimensions required and I
arrange the internal or hollow portion of such vessel, pan or trap in such a
manner as to form two or three hollows, cavities or receptacles for the reception of
water, soil and the like, such cavities being placed above each other and divided
from each other by an internal wall, division or divisions by which means a double
or triple water-seal is effected and I construct this internal division so as to form
water-traps or seals ranging from two to four or more inches of trap or seal.
At convenient positions I arrange inlet and outlet openings for the water, soil,
waste and the like also openings for ventilation and cleansing.
The inlet openings I arrange either with a socket opening to receive the spigot
end of the soil pipe or otherwise in the form of a closet or receptacle pan having
convenient openings in it for the admission of water for the purpose of flushing
and cleansing whereby the necessity of any other kind of closet pan or of falling
and lifting basins are avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARETTES, CIGARETTE TUBES, BRIAR AND OTHER WOOD PIPES FOR SMOKING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Louis Delaney at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th September 1882.
EDWIN LOUIS DELANEY 40 Newington Causeway London. IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARETTES, CIGARETTE TUBES, BRIAR AND OTHER
WOOD PIPES FOR SMOKING
This Invention relates to the manufacture of Cigarettes by which the use of
paper is entirely superseded.
A cylindrical tube of pipe-clay or other plastic substance is moulded to the size
of a cigarette and has a screw at one end. A part of this screw may be taken out
with the tin-plate or other metal channel to which it is fixed.
This channel is open throughout its entire length and is intended as a receptacle
for the tobacco. This channel runs inside the tube and is then screwed into a
mouth-piece made of amber-coloured glass.
The pipe is made of briar-wood or other available material and a double tin-plate
bowl fits in.
The first bowl (into which the tobacco is placed) is perforated at the bottom,
the second bowl is perforated towards the top as to prevent any poisonous matter
entering the mouth.
The stem of the pipe is made of amber-coloured glass and has a larger bore
through it than usual.
By this means the pipe lasts for an indefinite period as the tin-plate bowls with
the stem may be renewed when required.
A NOVEL MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC WOOL
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Henry Woodley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1882.
ROBERT HENRY WOODLEY of Limehouse, in the County of Middlesex Engineer,
"A NOVEL MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC WOOL"
-
My invention relates to a novel preparation of metallic fibre, and is designed to
produce a finely divided fibrous material or metallic wool.
This metallic wool offers an extremely minute sub-division of surface with, at
the same time, great continuity, and therefore presents most valuable qualities for
use in secondary batteries or accumulators.
By preference it is especially applicable in the material lead, mechanically covered
with lead oxide for secondary batteries or accumulators.
My improved process of production consists essentially of placing the material,
for instance lead, together in the form of sheets, and then by cutting such edges
by a knife or knives either revolving, or by a guillotine or planing action. At
the same time whilst the said knife or knives are cutting the edges of the said
metallic sheets, the sheets are being fed regularly forward at a very minute rate
towards the knife or knives, so that they take successive minute cuts.
The result is the production of a quantity of extremely fine fibre from the cut
material, which we term metallic wool.
The knives may be rotated or operated as a plane or as a guillotine by known
mechanical means.
And similarly the tool or the piled metallic sheets may be fed towards each
other respectively by screws operated by ratchet wheels and pawls, or by other
known mechanical means.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexandre d'Oreli at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th July 1882.
ALEXANDRE D'ORELI Electrician of 2 Caletock Street Greenwich in the County
of Kent "A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY."
This invention relates to a new or improved machine for generating electricity
and consists of an armature plate pierced through with holes corresponding to two
series of fixed bobbins composed of magnets wound with copper wire. This
armature disc is carried upon a shaft and also carries upon the faces thereof soft
iron pole pieces and this armature is free to revolve between the two sets of
magnets.
The wires of the bobbins or magnets of the pole pieces are carried through a
hole in the side of the armature shaft which is made hollow and the wires are
carried through the hollow of the shaft to the commutator.
This pierced armature disc by its motion transfers the current alternatively upon
each opposite bobbin of the fixed series and also transfers the current to the
commutator.
The necessary rotatory motion of the armature is given by a series of gearing
for multiply the motion from a weight depending from a drum of a large driving
wheel.
This apparatus is readily applicable for generating currents for electric lamps.
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING IN RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Hoe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th July 1882.
"AN IMPROVED
FRANK HOE, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of Stafford
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING IN RAILWAY TRAINS."
This invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for enabling the
passengers of a railway train to send written messages to the guard or for enabling
the guard and engine driver to communicate with one another whilst the train is
in motion.
In carrying out my invention I employ a tube which runs the whole length of
the train inside the carriages the said tube extends to the outside of the front
carriage and a bell mouth is provided to fit into it through which the wind passes
when the train is in motion, there is in each compartment a hinged flap to open
and allow of the paper on which the communication is to be written to be inserted;
this paper
is rolled in the form of a tube open at one end and the open end of the
paper is placed towards the front end of the train when placed in the tube; on the
paper is written the communication it is wished to be made either a telegram to be
thrown out upon the platform of the first station arrived at by the guard, or, for
aid in case of illness or otherwise. The wind entering the tube through the bell
mouth carries the paper along the tube into the guard's van and the paper there
drops into a small box with glass sides and a sliding bottom to it fixed at the back
end of the van and the end of the box against which the paper will strike upon
coming out of the tube will be of wire or perforated to allow the wind to escape;
the connections between the carriages may consist of a piece of taper flexible
tubing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INDICATING THE LENGTH OF CLOTH OR OTHER FABRICS IN ROLLS THEREOF, THE SAME BEING. APPLICABLE FOR CHECKING LENGTHS CUT OFF THEREFROM AND FOR PROVING TO CUSTOMERS THE LENGTHS THEROF PURCHASED AND RECEIVED BY THEM
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Darling and James Darling at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd May 1882.
JOHN DARLING, of Glasgow in the County of Lanark, North Britain, and
JAMES DARLING, of Shotts, in the same County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INDICATING
THE LENGTH OF CLOTH OR OTHER FABRICS IN ROLLS THEREOF, THE SAME BEING.
APPLICABLE FOR CHECKING LENGTHS CUT OFF THEREFROM AND FOR PROVING
TO CUSTOMERS THE LENGTHS THEROF PURCHASED AND RECEIVED BY THEM."
This Invention which relates to improvements whereby the length of a web, or
cloth on a roll is or may be at. all times instantly known without incurring the
labour and time for unfolding the web as for example when taking stock in drapers
shops or in warehouses; is also designed to act as a check upon the assistants who
are employed in drapers or other shops or warehouses, to sell and cut off pieces of
cloth from a web, at the same time it assures the purchaser, that the purchaser
receives from the vender the correct length of cloth ordered, charged, and paid for.
The Invention consists in providing a narrow strip of paper or cloth such as
tape, with yards, and divisions of the yards or other linear measure such. as
metres marked thereon which strip as the cloth is rolled up is laid in either at one
side of the web at or near to the selvage thereof or it may be laid in at any other
part of the width of the web and throughout the entire length of the web, so
that the length of the strip of paper or tape corresponds exactly with the length
of the web. When a portion of the web is cut off, a corresponding portion of the
strip of paper or tape is also cut off with it, so that the remainder of the strip of
paper or tape in the roll of cloth exactly corresponds to the remainder of the web
forming the roll.-The piece of the strip of paper or tape so cut off may be handed
to the purchaser of the piece of the web, and on reading the divisions thereon the
purchaser is able to satisfy himself that he has received the correct quantity of
cloth intended to be purchased.
Instead of using a separate strip of paper or tape as hereinbefore described,
the selvage or other part of the web may have the number of yards or metres and
their divisions marked thereon and thus serves a like purpose.
.
In using the term "webs of cloth" or "cloth." as herein before it is to be
understood to apply to all sorts of woven or felted fabrics, or webs of paper, for
newspaper and wall paper printing machines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE INSIDE OF VERTICAL SOIL PIPES OF WATER CLOSETS OR OTHER VERTICAL PIPES INTO WHICH FOUL MATTER IS DISCHARGED."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Slagg at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1892.
CHARLES SLAGG of Leeds in the County of York, Sanitary Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING
OF THE INSIDE OF VERTICAL SOIL PIPES OF WATER CLOSETS OR OTHER VERTICAL
PIPES INTO WHICH FOUL MATTER IS DISCHARGED."
The inside of a vertical pipe into which foul matter or soil is discharged becomes
coated or fouled by it, for want of proper direction in its descent, and thus the air
passing up or down the pipe becomes imprognated with it. Now the object of my
Invention is to prevent the fouling of the inside of such pipes and I effect this by
concentrating the flow of foul matter or soil and the liquids which accompany it in
or towards the centre of such pipe by means of a reducing or taper pipe inserted in
the vertical pipe immediately below the inlet of the foul matter or soil and liquids.
Below and in connection with the reducing or taper pipe I form a short length of
vertical pipe of less diameter than that of the main vertical pipe in order to guide
and direct the flow down the centre of the main pipe. At the top of the reducing
or taper pipe I form the inlet, and I prefer to make the inlet piece and the taper
piece and the short vertical piece below it continuous in one piece.
I call the piece as a whole a concentrator.
At the top and at the bottom of the concentrator I form an airtight joint between
it and the main vertical pipe. The material of which the concentrator is to be
made may be glazed earthenware, iron, lead, or other metal or substance.
Further, as it is customary to connect traps with vertical soil pipes by means of
a pipe having an upward bend in which foul air lodges, and as it is desirable to
prevent the lodgment of foul air in upward bends of pipes, I prefer to connect such
traps with the concentrator before described by forming in one piece with it the
trap without upward bend, so that no lodgment of foul air can take place, and
also for reasons of economy.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING THE HANDLES OF TABLE CUTLERY AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bottom and Charles Rose at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1882.
HENRY BOTTOM and CHARLES ROSE, both of Sheffield in the County of York,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING THE HANDLES OF TABLE CUTLERY AND SIMILAR
ARTICLES
"
Our Invention to which we give the name of the "Prehensile Tang and Socket"
relates to the fastening or securing of the handles of Table Cutlery and other
similar articles to their blades or prongs in such a manner that the use of resin or
cement for the purpose of imbedding may be dispensed with as well as the use of
lead in Table Knives to make the Knife "balance."
In carrying out our invention as applied to a Table Knife for example, we make
the tang (or that part which is inserted in the handle) having the end divided and
formed somewhat like a pair of bow shaped nippers or fingers, with the end
terminating in two fingers which are straight and parallel for a certain length, the
extremnities being bowed like a pair of forceps, such bows being of greater width
than the parallel part-A piece of metal or wire of suitable length and diameter
both to balance the Knife and to fit in the hole in the handle, is suitably shaped
with a small tapered head and neck, which is grasped between the forceps shaped
fingers of the prehensile tang.
A hole corresponding in diameter to that of the tang and of an exact length
suitable for the purpose required, is provided with a recess or chamber to receive
and retain the bows of the forceps shaped fingers when the blade is forced into the
handle up to the bolster.
When the head of the balance pin or expander is held in its first position by the
prehensile tang, the two parts together are rather longer than the depth of the
hole in the handle-and the bows of the tang will not properly enter the recess
before described, but on the blade being forced down the bows enter the recess,
and at the same time the tapered head of the balance pin or expander is forced
between the parallel parts of the fingers expanding the bows, sufficiently into the
recess so that the blade or tang cannot be withdrawo.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FIRE GRATES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Moore at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1882.
JOSEPH MOORE of New Thornton Heath in the county of Surrey "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FIRE GRATES
">
In appearance this grate resembles an ordinary grate but in the back plate is
an opening or grid provided with doors or shutters through which part of the
smoke & passes; the rest being drawn down through the bars and up through an
enclosed space or flue at the back, into which the aforesaid grid also opens. An
ash pan closes in the grate leaving room for the products of combustion to pass.
Vertical gills or divisions pass down the flue at the back to abstract as much of
the heat as possible and strips or radiators may also be provided upon the outside
of the flue to radiate the heat abstracted from the products of combustion. The
grate proper including the flue is preferably formed in one piece or separate pieces
united together and this fits into the usual recess or fire place in the wall of the
building, but leaving a space all round which being closed in by the top of the
grate forms a hot air chamber to which the heat from the flue and radiators is
imparted. The whole is closed in on top and an additional length of flue may be
added as a preventitive of down draught and smoking. A lid or register is placed
above the grate in the position commonly used for this purpose, so as to be used
when necessary.
In the bottom of the hot chamber are one or more vessels containing water and
external air is conducted in any convenient manner to nozzles which discharge it
just above the water so that it becomes filtered in passing over the surface of the
water. Ornamental perforations are made in the front plate of the grate and
communicate with the hot chamber so that heated and filtered air may enter the
room through them. Also the air of the room can enter the hot chamber by the
lower holes whilst the heated air emerges by the upper holes. A shield sliding in
grooves is placed in front of the ash pan, but when the heat of the fire (which is
usually very great) becomes excessive this shield can be raised up so as to cover
the spaces between the bars and prevent the air from entering through them.
Cheeks are provided with grooves and perforations which carry air to the back of
the fire to assist combustion; these cheeks are preferably made of iron and can be
renewed when burnt through
AN IMPROVED COOLING ICE AND FOOD PRESERVING APPARATUS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Keates at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th April 1882.
WILLIAM KEATES Confect* of Sutton in the County of Surrey. AN IMPROVED
COOLING ICE AND FOOD PRESERVING APPARATUS.
The apparatus for food consists of a rectangular, or other shaped wooden chest,
or cabinet with two or more doors, divided into three or more compartments, the
outer one of which comprises the food preserving chamber, which I line exclusively
with 'Glass, with perforated shelves or hooks as occasion may require.
'
The second chamber consists of a glass bath' which I fill with a mixture of
rough ice and salt, or brine or other known substances or liquids for creating an
intense cold when mixed with ice.
The third chamber comprises a ditto Glass Bath the bottom and sides of
which are packed or lined with Sawdust, india-rubber, charcoal or other non-
conducting substance, except the Front end or side next the bath, which I also
construct of Glass, giving Glass' the preference, being less liable to corrode.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING CRABS AND LIFTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by: Alexander Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th March 1882.
ALEXANDER CLARK of Rathbone Place Oxford Street in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING CRABS AND LIFTS."
My Invention relates to improvements in hoisting crabs and lifts, and it bas for
its object to dispense with the drum or barrel on which the lifting chain is
ordinarily wound. To this end my Invention consists in the employment of a
toothed pulley mounted on the main axis of the crab in the place of the usual drum
or barrel in combination with a pair of guide pulleys for the chain which are placed
at either side of the tooth pulley. The lifting chain is led over the guide pulleys
and beneath the tooth pulley with which it is kept in contact, one end of the chain
being attached to the weight to be raised and the other end falling in a heap on
the ground. By this construction the barrel not only is dispensed
power is always the same and the crab is more compact.
with, but the
AN IMPROVED OF TRICYCLE.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest de Pass at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by Georg Milczewski, and Ludwig Maschmann, both of
Frankfort on the Main, in the German Empire
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, AN IMPROVED
OF TRICYCLE. Communicated to me from abroad by Georg
Milczewski, and Ludwig Maschmann, both of Frankfort on the Main, in the
German Empire,
CONSTRUCTION
This Invention relates to an improved construction of tricycle, and it consists in
an arrangement of levers actuated by the weight of the body of the rider.
On the frame of the vehicle is a lever which, at its upper end, carries the seat,
while a forked connecting rod is attached at its lower end, and is connected to the
crank of a toothed wheel. This toothed wheel gears into another toothed wheel,
which is rigidly fixed on the main shaft or axle of the vehicle, and thereby causes
the rotation of the driving wheels. To the forked connecting rod, the treadle bar is
articulated. The other parts are also moveably connected.
Now, when the rider sits upon the seat, this latter will be depressed, and at the
same time the lever, first mentioned, will also be depressed, thereby imparting a
half revolution to the crank. On depressing the treadle bar with both feet
simultaneously, and, at the same time, slightly rising from the seat, the revolution
of the crank will be thereby completed.
The forked connecting rod, instead of being arranged at the lower end of the
lever, may be attached to the opposite end thereof, and in such case the treadle bar
is directly attached to the lever, first referred to herein.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR WASHING CLOTHES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Body at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th April 1882.
THOMAS BODY, of St Austell, in the County of Cornwall, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR WASHING CLOTHES AND OTHER ARTICLES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of apparatus for
washing clothes and other articles, whereby the operation of washing is effected in
a more effectual manner and with a considerable economy of time and soap or
other analogous material used, as compared with the ordinary means and apparatus
employed, whilst at the same time the liability, of the clothes or other articles, to
be injured, is greatly reduced.
The vessel, forming the lower part of the apparatus, is of a cylindrical or other
suitable form, and is constructed, by preference, of zinc or tin, the bottom of such
vessel being open whilst the top is closed by a suitable plate. The central portion
of the said vessel is separated from the remainder by means of a cylindrical
division plate which is attached to the top plate and extends as far, or nearly so,
as the lower edge of the said vessel. The space between the said plate and the
case of the vessel is divided into a series of spaces by means of division plates
arranged radially, the respective ends of the same being connected to the interior
of the case and to the said central division plate. The said cylindrical division
plate is provided at the upper part, with suitable apertures for allowing the
passage of air from the valve to the last mentioned spaces. In the centre of the
top plate is formed a valve and on the upper part of the said plate is arranged a
tube which surrounds the said valve and extends upwards, containing a suitable
spring one end of which is connected to the said valve whilst the opposite end is
attached to the upper part of the said tube or to a cap connected therewith. The
cap at the upper end of the tube is provided with perforations for the admission
of air. The said tube is supported by a conically shaped support or by suitable
stays attached to the upper part of the said case. The said apparatus is provided
with a suitable handle or handles, for example, two uprights may be connected
together by a cross bar at their upper ends the lower portions thereof being
attached to the apparatus.

page_text: When it is desired to use the apparatus herein before described, it is pressed
smartly down into the vessel containing the articles to be washed, and as the
cylindrical or other suitably shaped vessel is filled with air the water will be
forced through the articles being operated upon into the said vessel, the valve at
the top of the latter being closed by the action of the said spring assisted by the
pressure of air. When the apparatus is being drawn up or lifted, the valve opens
and thus admitting air, prevents any sucking action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND STRENGTHENING OF TUNE BANDS OR MUSIC SHEETS FOR MECHANICAL ORGANS AND OTHER WIND INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander James Eli at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1882.
ALEXANDER JAMES ELI, of No 89, Farringdon Street, in the City of London,
Publisher. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND STRENGTHENING OF TUNE
BANDS OR MUSIC SHEETS FOR MECHANICAL ORGANS AND OTHER WIND INSTRUMENTS."
Whereas, in Mechanical organs, in which the sounds or musical notes are produced
by wind passing through organ pipes; Tune bands, or music sheets are used for
allowing the passage of the air from the wind chest to the pipes; such music sheets
being perforated with holes and elongated slots, for controlling the duration of each
musical sound. Such sheets are usually made of stout cartridge paper, and, by
repeated use, such sheets are liable to become torn and otherwise damaged, more
especially where the same is much cut away by elongated perforations.
Now the object of my said invention is to strengthen such sheets, at the edges
and between the slots and perforations, where necessary, in order to render such
sheets more durable, and less liable to destruction.
The means whereby I effect this improvement, are by stitching such sheets,
longitudinally, at the edges of such sheets and between the holes and longitudinal
slots, wherever necessary, by means of longitudinal stitches of silk, cotton, or other
suitable material: which stitches are afterwards compressed and incorporated with
the music sheets by hot pressing, rolling, or other suitable means.
My said invention is applicable to music bands or sheets used for Orchestrionettes,
Organettes, and other instruments of a like nature.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MATS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1882.
EDWARD SMITH. of 213, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Cork
Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATS "
This invention relates to the manufacture of an improved mat chiefly for use in
bath rooms, carriages and the like, the object of the invention being to provide a
mat which shall possess the advantage of presenting a warm surface to the feet,
being at the same time water and damp proof, and which can also be produced at
a comparatively small cost.
In carrying out my invention I construct a frame of the shape and size of the
mat. This frame may be made of wood, leather or other suitable material and is
provided on the under side with suitable feet or their equivalents for keeping the
frame from the ground; on the frame thus prepared I then fix a number of slabs
or pieces of cork cut to the required shape and arranged with a space between
each slab or piece, forming gutters on all sides. The cork is fixed to the frame by
means of pins, screws or cement but when pins or screws are employed the heads
thereof are sunk into the cork so as not to project therefrom.
•
Through the hereinbefore described frame, in the parts thereof under the spaces
between the slabs or pieces of cork, I perforate a number of holes to allow of
draining off any water.
A tray may be provided adapted to receive the mat for the purpose of collecting
the water which may drain therefrom, and the mat is provided with any suitable
means to allow of it being suspended when out of use for drying the same.
By this construction I obtain a mat which will possess great advantages over
the mats at present in use, particularly in the case of bath rooms, as the upper
surface of the mat, being of cork, will present a warm surface to the naked feet,
thereby preventing sudden chills, and the cork surface, being at the same time
waterproof, damp or moisture will not collect thereon but will be carried off by the
hereinbefore described gutters and perforations
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS OR FASTENERS APPLICABLE TO CARPENTERS' BENCIES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles James Coxhead at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th January 1882.
CHARLES JAMES COXHEAD of 22 St. Georgo's Terrace Kilburn in the County of
Middlesex Pianoforte Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS OR FASTENERS
APPLICABLE TO CARPENTERS' BENCIES AND OTHER PURPOSES"
My Invention consists in the adaptation and application to the work benchies used
by carpenters, cabinet makers, pianoforte makers, and other workers in wood and
also to other uses of a bolt or fastener of the kind hereinafter described.
In carpenters' benches as ordinarily constructed much inconvenience has been
found from the want of security in action of the wooden vice or holder commonly
known as the bench chap owing to the uncertain action of the back screw or the
slide when either is used, and my Invention when applied to this purpose is
intended to obviate such inconvenience.
This improved bolt or fastener is or may be made in the form of a T for the
convenience of fixing to the front chap either at the end of the same or at any other
suitable part thereof and it has ratchet teeth or other suitable indentations formed
in one face.
This bolt is passed through a socket in which it fits such socket being secured to
the back chap or to the bench and having within it a moveable nut formed with
teeth or indentations corresponding with those in the face of the bolt. The said
nut is worked as required by means of a screw passing through the side or wall of
the socket whereby the toothed portion of the nut is caused to engage with the
teeth in the face of the bolt and hold the latter firmly in the position required
so as to keep the front and back chap the requisite distance apart and to preserve
their parellelism.
When the said bolt or fastener is applied to other purposes the socket and bolt
are respectively fixed to the parts required in order to inove the bolt in the socket
and fix it, together with the part to which it is connected at any given point so as
to hold the said parts firmly in position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUND ENGINES AND SLIDE VALVES THEREFOR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hamilton Dansey and Otway
Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December
1882.
HAMILTON DANSEY and OTWAY ROBINSON, of Gracechurch Street in the city of
London, Engineers "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUND ENGINES AND SLIDE VALVES
THEREFOR
"
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of slide valves for
compound engines whereby we are enabled to pass the exhaust steam from the
high pressure cylinder direct to the low pressure cylinder without first discharging
it into an intermediate receiver.
In carrying out our invention we employ a triangular slide valve with two faces
one adapted to the ports on the valve face of the high pressure cylinder, and the
other adapted to the ports on the low pressure cylinder valve face, the said valve
faces being formed at an angle corresponding with the angle of the slide valve
faces.
•
The steam to the high pressure cylinder is admitted through a suitable port on
the high pressure face of the valve and the exhaust steam from the high pressure
cylinder passes direct through the valve to the inlet port of the low pressure
cylinder, and the exhaust therefrom takes place through the same valve into the
condenser.
By this arrangement it will be seen that we are enabled to dispense with the
usual intermediate receiver.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE ARMS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thorsten Nordenfelt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October 1882.
THORSTEN NORDENFELT of No. 53 Parliament Street in the City of Westminster
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE ARMS"
The object of this Invention is to reduce the recoil of a rifle or gun, and the
effect of such recoil against the mans shoulder, or against the gun carriage.
I drill one or more small holes in the barrel as near to its muzzle as can be done
without interfering with the accuracy of the fire; these holes can be placed on the
opposite sides of the barrel, or otherwise and at suitable distances apart. These
holes will allow the escape of some of the powder gas shortly before the bullet
leaves the muzzle, but when it is so close to the muzzle that the, escape does not
appreciably affect the velocity of the bullet. The exit of the gas through these
holes before the bullet leaves the muzzle causes the so called kicking of the gun to
be considerably reduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Meyer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th January 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by Messieurs Jeanket-David of St. Claude, Jura, in the
Republic of France.
HENRY EDWARD MEYER of Lawrence Lane, in the City of London, Mercliant.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO." [A com-
munication from abroad by Messieurs Jeanket David of St. Claude, Jura, in the
Republic of France.]
The Invention communicated to me relates to the construction of an improved
cover or wind guard for pipes for smoking tobacco.
The improved cover or wind guard is constructed of a perforated disc of metal or
other suitable material, such disc being provided with a suitable number of spring
clips or arms arranged to clasp the bowl of the pipe so as to hold the cover or
guard in position when in usc. The cover is provided with a chain or its
equivalent carrying a ring which slides over the pipe stem. When the cover is
not required for use as a wind guard it may be removed from over the top of the
bowl and be placed over the bottom thereof and will be held in this position by
the automatic action of the clips instead of hanging down loosely as has hitherto
generally been the case; the cover in this position also serves as a stand or rest
for the pipe and will hold it in an upright position when placed upon a table or
the like and will thus prevent the ash or the tobacco from falling out of the bowl
of the pipe.
A cover of this construction may be used with pipes of different sizes as the
spring clips will automatically adjust themselves to the pipe bowl.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULD CANDLES
Year: 1882

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John James Claret at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1882.
JOHN JAMES CLARET of Albany Road, Camberwell in the County of Surrey,
*IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULD
CANDLES
"
My Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of mould
candles and its objects are chiefly to increase the production of candles without
enlarging the machine and to reduce the quantity of water employed.
The first part of the invention has reference to the overflow. I dispense with
the ordinary outside troughs into which the overflow water runs and instead
thereof I use internal gutters or channels which may be placed with advantage
between the rows of moulds; the overflow runs into these gutters or channels
which conduct it past valves to pipes leading to the waste or drain. These valves
which do not in any position interfere with the way from the overflow are for
the purpose of discharging the water from the water box. They are conical and
fit corresponding seats and their steins have screw threads (5 more or le-s) of very
quick pitch so that a half turn will open them about half an inch. There will be
two of these valves for the discharge, and in order that the workman may be
enabled to readily and conveniently open them simultaneously with his two hands,
I make their threads respectively right and left.
Another part of my invention consists in introducing into the space which in
the ordinary machines exists between the rows of moulds, which are four in number,
two other rows of moulds whereby I not only utilize this waste or unoccupied
space but I partly fill up the water box thus displacing a certain amount of water
and effecting a saving thereof.
I also make the support or board for the spools of iron instead of wood as
heretofore, because it is found that the holes formed in the wood to receive the
spool wires quickly become enlarged, so that the wires get loose and allow the
spools to drop off.
RELATING TO PLOUGHS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Savage at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1882.
EDWARD SAVAGE, of Church Preen in the County of Salop,
AND RELATING TO PLOUGHS
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The object of this invention is to furnish an attachment to a plough that will
flay or cut the sod from off the furrow as it rises on the mould board thus doing
away with the "flay" at present in use and performing the operation with less
friction and consequently less work to the horses.
It consists of a small horizontal cutting wheel fixed in suitable bearings to the
frame of the plough. The bearings are firmly attached to the frame with set screws
and in such a position that the wheel shall come opposite or just above the breast
of the plough and will be in a position to cut the turf from the furrow at the time
the furrow begins to turn from the mould board. An iron or other plate attached
to a spring is fitted either to the same bearing or otherwise suitably to the frame
of the plough and this as the cutting wheel removes the turf lays the grass and
stubble etcetera under the furrow.
I do not wish to confine myself to the exact description of the invention here
given as the cutting wheel may be fixed in any suitable manner so as to revolve
nearly horizontally or parallel with the furrow and the plate or spring for laying
the grass stubble and may be used with or without the prior part of my
invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Williams at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1882.
PHILIP WILLIAMS of Blaenavon in the County of Monmouth IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
The Invention has for its object improvements in means or apparatus employed
in the manufacture of iron and steel.
Heretofore convertors have been provided with tuyeres fixed in the bottom or
sides thereof, such arrangements however are inconvenient as unless the blast is
continued until the metal is run out of the convertor the metal is liable to run
back into the tuyeres and to cool therein thereby causing great injury to the
apparatus whilst the metal is liable to injury from the blast being sometimes
unavoidably continued beyond the required time.
According to my Invention I obviate these inconveniences by employing tuyeres
which descend or are inserted downwards into the metal; these tuyeres are
according to one arrangement moveable and adjustable and are provided with
means for withdrawing and replacing them during the operation of blowing for
the purpose of changing cooling or cleaning or for removal when the blast is to be
discontinued.
The tuyeres may however be fixed in position in which case the metal is
prevented from ascending into the tuyeres after the blowing operation by a
regulated quantity and pressure of blast which must be sufficient to keep the
metal down out of the tuyeres while it is being tapped and run out of the
convertor.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AN APPARATUS TO ACCUMULATE AND UTILIZE THE ILLUMINATING POWER OF COMBUSTION FROM GAS OR OILS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Defty at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1882.
HENRY DEFTY Engineer of 34 Cold Blow Road New Cross London S.E.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AN APPARATUS TO ACCUMULATE AND UTILIZE THE ILLUMINATING
POWER OF COMBUSTION FROM GAS OR OILS.
This invention relates first to an arrangement of metal or terra-cotta substances
made in a hollow tube form varying in design as may be required to square round,
Hexicon, octicon or angular form, these chambers or chamber I name the disc
stock holder into this the gas or oils is supplied and fed from the main by one or
more branches to keep a continious and uniform supply in the stock or holder
immediately around this stock or holder Immediately around this stock is fitted
an arrangement of oblong nibs or burners fixed and projecting at uniform angles
to enable each jet to radiate its power of light and heat into one concentrated
flame by this consecutive arrangement in fixing nibs or burners to accumulate and
protect the rays of each flame from the sweeping actions of disturbing influences
affecting a proper incorporation of the Loon of each nib at the same time
rendering a perfect malgamation of all gaseous carbons issuing from the nib or nibs
forming a solid illuminating Zone of light. The great object of this burner is to
consolidate any number of distinct jets by reclaiming the power and forces of each
jet into one body free from flickering or undulations of the surrounding elements
which are common effects in the general use of gases this burner is a minupilation
of mechanics in the various forms above named making every structure or design
to meet the chemical action at the issue of gaseous fumes which are perfectly
consumed in sustaining the greatest brilliancy from the smallest amount of
Luminous Malgam
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BROOCHES AND SCARF PINS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Percy Wells at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th June 1882.
EDMUND PERCY WELLS of Notting Hill in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BROOCHES AND SCARF PINS."
My Invention has for its object improved catches or fastenings for brooches and
scarf pins whereby such articles are perfectly secured to the dress and cannot be
lost by any accidental loosening of the pins as hitherto the case.
It consists as applied to brooches in making the catch or fastening of a double
hooked form, that is to say-Two hooks acting as springs are arranged in a vertical
plane one within the other and turned in opposite directions.
On fastening the brooch the pin is passed under and round the inside of the
outer hook under and onto the inner hook by which means it cannot become
accidentally detached from the hooks and the brooch is securely fastened.
For scarf pins I employ a sliding ferule or sleeve confined to the pin at any
point by a set screw. The pin being first put through the scarf the ferule or
sleeve is slid along the pin at the back of the scarf until it meets the fabric or
material of the latter when it is fixed thereat by the set screw and the pin is then
properly fixed and adjusted to the scarf.
By this device it is impossible for the pin to leave or be stolen from the scarf
or to work loose therein.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENERS FOR GLOVES, BOOTS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Vollmer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd December 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by F Tütemann of Lüdenscheid in the Empire of Germany
HENRY VOLLMER of Manchester in the County of Lancaster Merchant
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENERS FOR GLOVES, BOOTS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF
WEARING APPAREL." A communication [to him] from abroad by F Tütemann of
Lüdenscheid in the Empire of Germany
This invention consists of a metallic plate having a hook at one extremity which
passes through the glove or other article and over which hook the other side of tho
glove is hooked being provided with an eyelet hole for the purpose
In order to prevent the glove becoming unfastened a spring cap is hinged at the
rear extremity of the plate before mentioned and which cap is capable of falling
over and so protecting the hook when fastened and of standing up at right angles
to the plate when the glove or other article is required to be unfastened.
To fix this fastener in position I employ an extension on either side of the before
mentioned metalic plate which extensions pass through the glove or other articlo
and are bent under on the opposite side. Or the metallic plate may have holes
formed at or near its edge to allow of the fastener being sewn on in the ordinary
manner.
This description of fasteners is equally applicable to boots ladies stays and other
articles of clothing usually fastened together at the edge.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER WRAPPERS FOR POST PUR- POSES AND THE MODES OF SECURING THEIR CONTENTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Singleton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1882.
THOMAS SINGLETON of Darwen in the County of Lancaster Machinist
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER WRAPPERS FOR POST PUR-
POSES AND THE MODES OF SECURING THEIR CONTENTS
23
This invention is designed for the purpose of utilizing and extending the use of
paper wrappers for post purposes and nodes for preventing their contents from
slipping out during transit, at the same time allowing them to be examined as under
the present system by simply pressing them in the hand.
In making the paper wrappers I make them taper or otherwise, thereby making
a saving in the amount of paper from which they are produced of about twenty
per-cent, being of great commercial value, both as regards economy and cost.
The various modes of securing the contents I accomplish in the following
manner.
The wrappers are provided with openings, holes or slots on the address side,
against which the contents to be sent are placed, being fastened by placing the
ordinary stamps over the aforesaid openings, holes or slots, the gum on the back
of the stamps, adhering to the wrapper round the sides of the openings, holes or slots,
the part of the stamps lying over the openings, holes or slots, adhering to the
contents, thus securing them to the wrapper and thus preventing them from slipping
out.
In another method the wrapper is made taper, the small or narrow end when
folded is placed inside, after which the paper or other content is wrapped up, thus
causing the large end of the wrapper to extend or project beyond the part over
which it laps, this end being gummed, causes the part folding on the wrapper to
secure itself, the extremo or projecting ends falling on the paper or contents enclosed,
thereby securing both together.
In another method I place the openings, holes or slots, on the back side of the
wrappers, the gummed edges lapping over them, securing the contents by the gummed
part sticking to them through the aforesaid openings, holes or slots. 1 also make
the wrapper so that when it is folded, the gummed edge laps on half the opposite
edge of the wrapper, the other half on the contents, or both ends may be gummed,
the inner edge being secured to the contents.