Improvements in and relating to Detachable Pneumatic Tyres for Cycles, Motor Cars, and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Lett, 2nd June, 1909--Accepted, 28th July, 1900
Improvements in and relating to Detachable Pneumatic Tyres for
Cycles, Motor Cars, and other Road Vehicles.
I, EDWARD TUFFT, of 77, Golden Hillock Road, Small Heath, Birmingham,
Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of. this invention to be as
follows:
This invention refers to certain improved methods of attaching pneumatic
tyres having an outer cover and an inner air chamber to the rims or felloes of the
wheels of cycles motor cars, and other road vehicles and also to means for attach-
ing the overlapping or meeting edges of the covers together.
The object that I have in view is to provide a rigid and secure method of
attachment of the tyres to the rims or felloes and the edges of the covers together
and also an attachment or fastening that can be very readily undone when the
tyre is deflated for repairing the inner air chamber or for other purposes.
One convenient form of fastening I employ for attaching the two overlapping
edges of a cover together consists of a snap fastening known as a dome fastening
or lock fastening such as is used for gloves and other purposes-that is to say on
the one edge of the cover or tyre attached at suitable distances apart circum-
ferentially are metallic dome fastenings or centre projections, on the opposite
edge or side of the cover are attached the counterparts of the fastenings viz.:-
circular metallic recesses.
Each part of the fastening is secured to the cover fabric or tyre by metallic
discs, plates or flanges. Thus when the two edges of the cover are brought
together and overlapped the fastenings are snapped into one another the domes
or projections springing into the recesses by contraction and expansion.
In order to further increase the security of the attachment if desired I employ
a strap of leather or strip or band of other material which is placed between the
inner air tube and the outer cover circumferentially and which is drawn tightly
around the rim and the ends connected by tacking the one end between an in and
out slit in the other end, so that when the cover is fastened together the inflation
of the tyre firmly secures the tyre to the rim.
Any suitable kind of rim may be used but obviously it will not be necessary
to have inturned edges as the tyre will be held on by the means above described.
A modification of this arrangement consists in the employment of a rim or
felloe that is preferably of a flat or nearly flat section transversely in its base
either with or without inturned edges. The means of attachment for the cover
is similar to that previously described, the one part of a. dome fastener snapping
into the other though in this case the one half of the fastening is provided with
a cup shaped rubber or other suitable washer or sucker retained in place between
two discs or flanged plates on the cylindrical stem of the fastening, this arrange-
ment forms the one part of the attachment or fastening which is passed through
the cover (and secured to the rubber and canvas of the one side by the discs)
at suitable intervals apart circumferentially. The counter part or dome of the

page_text: The rubber
fastening is secured to the overlapping opposite side of the cover.
suckers are pressed down upon the flat base of the rim and are rendered air tight,
a vacuum being created in each sucker or washer by the pressure upon same and
thus firmly holds on to the rim.
The two sides of the cover and the two parts of the fastenings are brought
together and snapped the one into the other.
The suckers obtain so firm a hold in the rim that even when the tyre is de-
flated or when the fastenings are undone the tyre remains firmly held.
I sometimes use a circumferential band or ribbon of metal of the same width
as the rim and which lies therein for the purpose of providing a flat surface by
covering over the spoke heads, and for receiving the suckers or washers before
referred to.
Dated this 5th dowrr of September 1899
EDWD. J. PAYNE & SON,
Warwick Chambers, 104, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Detachable Pneumatic Tyres for
Cycles, Motor Cars, and other Road Vehicles.
I, EDWARD TUFFT, of 77, Golden Hillock Road, Small Heath, Birmingham,
Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement reference being had to the accompanying
drawings and to the figures and letters shewn thereon:-
My present invention refers to certain improved methods of attaching pneu-
matic tyres (having an outer cover or sheath and inner air chamber) to the rims
or felloes of the wheels of cycles motor cars and other road vehicles and also to
the means of attaching the overlapping or meeting edges of the cover together.
The object that I have in view by the improved means employed is to provide
a rigid and secure method of attachment and also an attachment or fastening
that can be very readily undone when the tyre is deflated for repairing the inner
air chamber or for other purposes.
I will proceed to describe my invention fully by the aid of the drawings in
which similar letters of reference denote similar parts.
Figure 1 represents in perspective the tyre and one of the fastenings.
Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views of same.
Figure 4 represents a plan.
Figure 5 is a plan of part of one of the metal bands or sections. Figure 6 an
edge view of same.
Figure 7 is an alternative method. Figure 8 an edge view.
Figure 9 shews a section of metal band and connection in perspective.
Figure 10 represents in section a rim with tyre and fastening, the latter being
an alternative method.
Figure 1 shews a side view of fastening.
Figure 12 plan of same.
One convenient form of fastening I employ for attaching the two overlapping
edges or sides of a tyre cover together is a snap fastener known as a dome fasten-
ing or lock fastening such as, or similar to, those used for gloves and other
purposes.

page_text: Upon the edge or side A of the cover or sheath of the tyre attached at suitable
distances apart circumferentially are metallic dome fastenings the one part con-
sisting of a centre projection B, upon the opposite edge or side A' of the cover or
sheath is attached the counter part of the fastening, namely a circular metallic
recess B
Preferably four sets of fastenings are used in the circumference of a
wheel rim (though any number may be used). Each part of the fastening is
secured to the cover fabric of the tyre by metallic discs plates flanges or other
convenient means.
Upon each side A, A', of the cover embedded within or suitably attached to
the fabric are strips or bands of thin steel or other metal C, C¹. Whalebone or
other material or leather straps, but preferably thin ribbon steel bands or strips
are used in sections or segments of four (or more) in the circumference of the
tyre. These sections it will be understood are in connection the one with the
other circumferentially by means of metal plates or slips D suitably attached,
and the ends of the steel bands overlap one another and act in a sliding manner
as hereinafter described.
The dome fastenings B, B', are secured to the fabric of the cover and rigidly
attached through the steel sections C, C, (as also is the inflator valve) thus when
the two sides of the cover A, A¹, are brought together and overlapped the fas-
tenings B, B¹, are snapped into one another the domes or projections springing
into the recesses.
The security of the attachment is increased by the circumferential metal bands
or sections C, C, which stiffen the sides of the cover and prevent same from
gaping between the fastenings when attached, the metal bands or sections C, C',
moreover possess a useful function inasmuch as when the tyre is being inflated
the ends of the bands or sections are capable of contracting by sliding into each
other in the connections or slips D before referred to thus they shorten circum-
ferentially which causes the inner periphery of the cover A, A, to be reduced so
that when the tyre is fixed upon the rim and inflated the tyre automatically finds
its own level and adjusts itself in the rim to the necessary circumference.
Sometimes I use a strap of leather between the inner air tube and the outer
cover in the sides of the latter and tighten up the same around the rim as
required.
Or circumferential continuous metal bands may be used as a whole instead of
in sections and the meeting ends connected as described or by tucking the one
end between an in-and-out slit in the other end, thus when the cover is fastened
together the inflation of the tyre contracts the same around the rim and firmly
secures the tyre to the rim. Any suitable kind of rim or felloe may be used it
will not be essential to have inturned edges as the tyre will be firmly secured
and held on by the means above described. A modification of the arrangement
consists in the employment of a rim or felloe that is preferably of a flat or nearly
flat section transversely in its base either with or without inturned edges, see
Figure 10.
The means of attachment of the cover or tyre are precisely similar to that pre-
viously described the one part of a dome fastening snapping into the other
recessed part, but in this case the recessed part B of the fastening is fitted with
a cup shaped rubber or other suitable washer or sucker E, retained in place
between the two discs or flanged plates on the stem which forms the cup or
recessed part B of the fastening, which is secured to the cover A at suitable dis-
tances apart circumferentially. The counter part or dome B₁ of the fastening
is attached to the over-lapping opposite side Ai of the cover and the two sides of
the cover are overlapped and the fastenings snapped into one another. The
rubber washer or sucker E is pressed down upon the flat or other base of the rim
by the inflation of the tyre or before inflating the tyre and is rendered air tight
a vacuum being created in each washer or sucker by the pressure upon same and
thus firmly holds on to the rim.
The washers or suckers when pressed down are so firmly held on the rim that

page_text: even when the tyre is deflated or when the fastenings are undone the tyre remains
securely attached. I sometimes use a circumferential band or ribbon of metal
or ofher material of the same width as the rim as an auxiliary for the purpose of
providing a flat surface by covering over the spoke heads and for receiving the
suckers or washers before referred to.
I may vary the details of construction as to formation and arrangement without
departing from the essential principle of my invention, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
*
Firstly. A pneumatic tyre for cycles and other vehicles consisting of
(A) A cover or sheath of canvas and rubber or other suitable material.
(B) Fastenings known as dome or lock fastenings which snap, the one part
into the other by means of a dome or tongue and cup or recessed part for
securing the two edges of the cover together.
(C) Circumferential metallic, whalebone or other bands or strips preferably
formed in sections of four (or more) and fixed in each of the overlapping
sides or edges of the cover said sections having metallic connections or slips
and being capable of a sliding action which reduces or shortens the inner
periphery of the tyre cover by the act of the inflation of the tyre and thus
impinges the rim.
(D) An inner inflatable tube and
(E) A suitable tread.
All combined and operating together substantially as herein before described
and illustrated.
Secondly. In a pneumatic tyre for cycles and other vehicles. A fastening
consisting of a cup or recessed part filled with a rubber or other cup shaped washer
or sucker in combination therewith and corresponding dome or tongue con-
structed arranged and operating in connection with the tyre and a flat or other
sectioned rim or a rim provided with an auxiliary flat ribbon or circumferential
band substantially as herein before described and shewn in the drawings.
Thirdly. In a pneumatic tyre the construction and application of a metallic
or other band or strip or strap of leather arranged circumferentially in each side
or meeting edge of the cover or sheath said band or strip being either in one piece
circumferentially or in sections arranged and operating substantially in manner
hereinbefore described.
Dated this 1st day of June 1900
EDWD. J. PAYNE & SON,
Warwick Chambers, 104, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
Patent Agents for the Applicant.