Improvements in Driving Mechanism and Brakes for Cycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Driving Mechanism and Brakes for Cycles and
other Vehicles.
We, PIERRE JACQUES CARMIER, Engineer, and GEORGES FREDERIC CARRAY,
Banker, both of Mountbeliard, in the Department of Doubs, France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has reference to improvements in driving mechanism for cycles
and other vehicles and our invention consists in the improved construction and
combination of parts substantially as hereinafter described.
And in order that our invention may be thoroughly understood, we now proceed
to describe the accompanying drawing thereof, reference being had to letters and
figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation of our improved driving mechanism.
Fig. 2, is a plan view partly in section, the quadrant E being for the sake of
clearness removed.
Fig. 3, shows the driving wheel pinion in side elevation the supporting ball
bearings being shown in section on the line x, y, Fig. 2.
Fig. 4, is a skeleton or diagramatic view of a bicycle provided with our im-
proved driving mechanism.
In carrying our invention into practice and referring to the drawings A is the
driving wheel and B and C, C₁ parts of the frame of the cycle, 1) is one of the
driving levers which is supported on a spindle J and is provided with a quadrant E
having studs or rollers F which latter are in gear with the teeth of a pinion K
with which the driving wheel A is provided.
Said pinion K is adapted to rotate freely in one direction, but if rotated in the
opposite direction it carries the driving wheel spindle or hub T and consequently
also the driving wheel A with it, and in order to attain this we mount said pinion K
on a short sleeve or the like L which sleeve is formed on its outer periphery with
groove which grooves are not tangential so that one side of each groove is
deeper than the other side. Within said grooves we provide balls M which are
of such dimensions as to permit the pinion to revolve freely when said balls are
in the deep part of the grooves as shown in Fig. 3, the arrangement being such
that if the pinion be rotated in the direction of the arrow the balls will remain
in the said deep part of the grooves and said pinion will revolve without com-
municating its rotary motion to the spindle T but if the said pinion be revolved
in the opposite direction, as it will be on the downward thrust of the pedal, then
the balls M will be caused to roll to some extent up the inclined surfaces of the
grooves until they become jammed between the pinion K and the sleeve L, and
the frictional contact causes the rotary movement of the pinion to be communicated
to the spindle T and the wheel A is consequently also rotated or driven.
In order to prevent friction at the sides of the revolving pinion K we provide
plates such as h between which and the sides of the pinion we provide anti-
friction balls c, the plates h and pinion K being formed with suitable grooves
Sam the mutage

page_text: In order to reduce friction and wear on the spindle J which carries the pedal
lever D we employ a collar or equivalent I which is fixed to the lever D and
which collar is provided with inner balls which run between said collar and
the spindle, and outer rollers or balls a which run between said collar and the
cap or cover H.
The gear described is situated on one side of the driving wheel and a similar
gear is on the other side one for each foot and in order that one pedal lever shall
be raised while the other is being depressed we employ a wire cord or equivalent O
the ends of which are attached to the two pedal levers, said cord passing over a
suitable pulley or the like Q so that the depression of one pedal lever I will raise
the other. In order that the pedal lever I shall be better able to withstand the
strain when the cycle is being driven we preferably provide a tie rod N connect-
ing the upper end of the quadrant to the forward end of the pedal lever, and in
order that the ends of the tie rod N and of the cord O may be readily and con-
veniently attached we prefer to provide a lug or lugs P. having pins such as r
to which said ends may be readily attached. We prefer also to hingedly attach
the pedal G to the pedal lever D the hinge f being of any suitable construction,
and enabling the pedals to be raised into a vertical position as shown in Fig. 1,
and thus reduce the width of the cycle.
We also employ an improved brake R which is suitably supported at S by the
frame of the cycle and in order to apply said brake, the pedal G is provided with
an extension which extension, if the relative pedal lever be raised, by depres-
sing the other pedal lever to a sufficient extent, will come in contact with and will
push said brake against the driving wheels. The arrangement of the parts is
such that normally the pedal levers are not depressed to a sufficient extent to
cause the brake to be applied. We may if desired construct the pedal lever of
two or preferably more tubular parts adapted to be telescopically lengthened or
shortened.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is;-
1. The improved driving mechanism for cycles and other vehicles consisting
in combination of pedal levers connected by means of a cord and each having at
one end a quadrant provided with studs or rollers adapted to engage with a pinion
on the driving wheel axle, a hingedly supported pedal having a projection or
stud to engage the brake, all for the purposes and substantially as described and
illustrated.
2. In driving mechanism for cycles and other vehicles a brake adapted to
be actuated or applied by means of a projection or stud on the pedal, substantially
as described and illustrated.
Dated this 9th day of August 1898.
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for the Applicants.