IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF MORDANTS OR FIXERS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH MARKING INK PENCILS OR POINTS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES HICKISSON, trailing as the Daughter of the late John Bond, of the
Crystal Palace Marking Ink Works, 75 Southgate Road, Hackney in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF MORDANTS OR FIXERS
FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH MARKING INK PENCILS OR POINTS, to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to manufacture mordants or fixers for use in
connection with marking ink points or pencils, in the form of lozenges, pills tablets,
pastes, or powders or in strip form and from the compounds or ingredients about to
be described, viz: pyrogallic acid, borax (burnt, or not) hyposulphite of soda,
carbonate of ammonia, alum washing soda, or other salts, acids or nitrates, kaolin
or other clay, guu starch and water or a suitable solution, using for the purpose
two, three or more of the said compounds or ingredients in combination.
When the mordant or fixer is to be prepared in the strip form I take strips of
paper or other fabric, or gelatine or other suitable material, and I saturate
impregnate or charge the same with the chemical compound composed of any two
three or more of the said ingredients. In this manner I have the mordant or fixer
ready for use when desired.
The mordants or fixers thus prepared or constituted in the form of pills, lozenges,
pastes, tablets or as strips I utilize by dissolving or immersing the same in water or
in a suitable solution and when the water or the solution is sufficiently charged or
impregnated I use the same for damping or moistening the fabric or other material
to be marked or written upon with the marking ink point or pencil, which point
or pencil is composed essentially of nitrate of silver or other soluble salts of silver,
or of other suitable metallic salts or compounds, together with the nitrate or
chlorate of potash, and coloured as desired.
The mordants or fixers prepared in the form of pills, lozenges, pastes, tablets inay
be coloured or coated if desired, and when to be used I place a certain quantity of

page_text: the same in water, or in a suitable solution and then utilize this charged or
impregnated liquid or solution in the manner above stated with regard to the
strips.
The pills, lozenges, tablets powders pastes or strips may be contained in a
receptacle contrived at one end of the pencil so as to be ready for use when
required.
When the mordant or fixer is to be made up in the form of powders I sometimes
separate the ingredients by placing one two or more of the component parts thereof
in one paper or packet of one colour and certain other of the ingredients either
combined or not in another paper or packet, of another colour, for identification,
and for the purpose of preventing decomposition or oxidation. When the mordants
thus constituted are to be used I simply dissolve them in water or in a suitable
solution, and proceed as before stated.

page_text: .
The mordant or fixer thus prepared, or constituted in the form of pills, lozenges,
pastes, tablets, or as strips, I utilize by rubbing on the fabric to be marked, which
has been previously damped, or by dissolving or immersing the said mordant or
fixer in water, or in a suitable solution, and when the water, or the solution is
sufficiently charged or impregnated, I use the same for damping or moistening the
fabric, or other material, to be marked or written upon with the marking ink point
or pencil, which is composed essentially of nitrate of silver, or other soluble salts of
silver, or of other suitable metallic salts or compounds, with or without the nitrate
or chlorate of potash, and which points may be coloured as desired.
The mordant or fixer prepared in the form of pills, lozenges, pastes or the like,
may be coloured or coated if desired, and when to be used I place a certain quantity
of the same in water, or in a suitable solution, and then utilize this charged or
impregnated liquid or solution in the manner above stated with regard to the
strips.
The pills, lozenges, pastes or strips may be contained in a receptacle contrived at
one end of the pencil so as to be ready for use when required.
When the mordant or fixer is made up in the form of powders, and according to
the formula herein before stated, I dissolve the same in water, or in a suitable
solution, and use the solution as before stated.
The mordant thus formed from the combined ingredients herein specified may be
used in the manufacture of paper or cardboard, by incorporating the same
therewith, so that in using the paper or cardboard thus manufactured, it would
only be necessary to damp or moisten the same prior to applying the marking-ink
point or pencil thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The herein described manufacture of mordant or fixer, in the forms enumerated,
for use in connection with marking ink points or pencils, said mordant or fixer
being composed of the combined ingredients herein specified, and in or about the
proportions mentioned.
Dated this and 1
100