Improvements in or appertaining to Machines for Separating Dust or like Particles from Air or other Gases.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 13th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or appertaining to Machines for Separating Dust
or like Particles from Air or other Gases.
I, PIETER VAN GELDER, of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Milling
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the improvement of that class of dust collectors
known as vortex machines of which my three Patents Nos. 2003089, 181191 and
93981, are a type.
Through experiments recently instituted I have discovered that neither a cone nor
a pyramid is at all essential and also that the shape of the vertical section of the
machine is within certain limits of comparatively little moment. That if the casing
be made purely conical or pyramidal with the broad sides downwards, the air
entering tangentially at the truncated narrower end, it will do as well or better
than if the position of the cone or drum were reversed; If it be made cylindrical
or as a polygonal prism with the air entering at the upper part tangentially or in
the form of a spheroid with flat top, or a modification of it where the horizontal
cross section is polygonal, or a near approximation of any of these forms, it will
work quite as well for most purposes as if the vortical cross section was of the
favorite type set forth in my Patent No. 18111. I find however in all cases that
the polygonal cross section is far superior to the round one, and I improve round
machines by fixing shallow vertical strips on them at even distances all round, so as
to approximate to a polygon. These strips can have sloping sides or can be flat
on the face with a back forming a rough segment of a circle to correspond with the
casing or in some instances can be simply rectangular strips fixed to the casing,
some of them extending right down to the bottom hole.
The only difficulty is to get rid of the dust which would, with the before
mentioned new forms of machines, otherwise collect on the bottom. I find however
if the bottom be made perfectly flat or slightly conical with a hole in the centre and
volute vertical ribs be placed in the bottom curving out to the sides and with
shorter curved ribs between these volutes forming a mean or means between them
somewhat similar in plan to the volute grooves of a mill stone, the machine will
work well. In many instances it may be better however to fill up the actual corner
round the bottom with cement or other material. In nearly all kinds of vortex
machines there is a strong upward current at the bottom which interferes seriously
with the escape of material. In order to obviate and correct this as much as
possible I form a dust exit spout, rectangular, or otherwise angular. The result is
a vortex is formed as before in the central part but the dust escapes freely at the
angles.
Naomben 1800

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or appertaining to Machines for Separating Dust
or like Particles from Air or other Gases.
I, PIETER VAN GELDER of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Milling
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object the improvement in that class of dust collectors
known as vortex machines, of which my three Patents Nos. 200308, 181191
and 93981 are a type.
Through experiments recently instituted, I have discovered that neither a cone
nor a pyramid is at all essential, and also that the shape of the vertical section of
the machine within certain limits is of comparatively little moment: that, if the
casing be made even conical or pyramidal with the broad end downward, the air
entering tangentially at the truncated narrow end, it will do as well as or better
than if the position of the cone or drum be reversed. It can be made spheroidal
with flat top and bottom, in vertical section, but I prefer, of all shapes, a
rectangular vertical section; it can also be round or polygonal in horizontal section.
I prefer it polygonal as set forth in my previous Patents. In all cases, I prefer the
air to enter tangentially or approximately tangentially near the top and to exit
centrally at the top, the dust exiting at the bottom.
Referring to the drawings:-
Eigure 1 shows a vertical section of my apparatus:
Figure 2, a horizontal one.
In these―
A, is a prismatic chamber formed preferably of galvanised sheet iron. This is
prismatic to near the bottom, but I prefer the last two or three inches to be turned
out cylindrically about the diameter of the angles as shown at B. C is the usual
tangential inlet for the dust laden air: D, the exit for the purified air formed
preferably of an hexagonal contour. E is the flat floor having fixed thereon a
series of volute ribs F: G, exit for dust. This I prefer to make rectangular in
section so as to allow the dust a better opportunity of escaping. If, however, this
exit be trapped, it can be of any shape desired. I is a round plate supported on a
screw J so as to be raised or lowered as desired. This is preferably about the same
diameter as the exit for air at the bottom of D, and is useful to prevent a through
draught from G to D; it is not required where the opening G is trapped.
Since filing my Provisional Specification, I have very considerably improved
upon my invention in various ways. These improvements are set forth in Complete
Specifications Nos. 217312 and 2291902 filed at the same time with this. I have set
forth some of these improvements in the accompanying Specification in order to
fulfil the law which requires the inventor to show the best mode known to him of
carrying his invention into effect, but as these points were not set forth in my
Provisional, they are not claimed in this Specification but are claimed in the
succeeding ones.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
1. In a dust collector, a round or polygonal separating chamber in which the dust
laden air forms a vortex or whirling body and which is provided with a discharge
opening for the purified air above, a discharge opening for the separated dust below,
and a substantially flat floor provided with guiding ribs for guiding the dust to
the dust opening, substantially as described.

page_text: 2. A dust collector composed of a separating chamber not tapering downwards
having a tangential air inlet C, a discharge opening D at top for the purified air,
an opening G at bottom for the dust and guiding ribs on flat bottom for guiding the
dust to the dust orifice.
3. In combination with a dust collector such as described in Claims 1 and 2, the
adjustable plate I for the purposes described.
Dated this 12th day of September 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Nottingham, and London, Patent Agents.