IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING, BORING, AND SHADING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Haley, of the City of Manchester, in.
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING, BORING,
AND SHADING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 23rd December 1853, and dated the 31st October 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Haley a
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st October 1853.
I, JOSEPH HALEY, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUT-
TING, BORING, AND SHAPING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES". to be as
follows:-
The first part of my said improvements, consists in a machine or
apparatus which I designate a cross boring and shaping machine, being
intended to bore, face, or shape any object when the boring or facing
or a number of such operations shall be required parallel to each
other, and at a right angle to the axis or given points of the object,

page_text: such, for example, as the cross head, beam, or crank of a steam
engine.
Upon a bed similar to that of a slide lathe I place two upright
headstocks, one being a fixture at the extremity, and the other moveable,
so as to accommodate any length of object. The perpendicular sides of
these headstocks facing each other are fitted with a slide, each carrying
a centre similar to a turning lathe, and which vertical slides are
provided with a screw to raise or lower the centres when required.
The centre of the fast headstock being carried by a shaft or socket
having on the front end or nose a circular plate notched on its
periphery in accurate divisions, with a suitable stop to fit into the
notches, on the bed before described is accurately fitted a carriage or
saddle sliding on the bed parallel with the centres; this carriage is
provided with a transverse-slide-bearing-a-pair-of- headstocks similar to
a lathe, and moving at a correct right angle to the main centres before
described.
.
When the upright centre slides are drawn to the highest limit they
are the same lieight as the centres of the headstocks on the transverse
slide. At the back of the bed, and parallel to it, is placed a grooved
shaft, on which is fitted a bevel wheel geering into another attached to
a broad drum at right angles carried by a suitable fixing, from which
drum passes up a strap to give motion to the mandril of the headstock
of the transverse slide the grooved, shaft described has fitted on its ex-
tremity projecting from the slide a come pulley having a corresponding
one on the driving shaft above, by which various speeds are obtained.
On the front side of the bed is placed a screw extending its full length,
passing through a suitable carrier and nut attached to the carriage,
which screw' receives-motion-from-a wheel at its extremity gearing into
one on the grooved shaft. The transverse-slide is fitted with a screw
by which it is made to slide too and fro, baving a train of wheels.com
mimicating from the tail of the mandril to render it self-acting The
object to be operated-upon is suspended-in-the-main: centres and
secured to the dividing or face plate, and a boring bar or cutter is thei
introduced between the centres of the transverse headstock.:.: The
operation of boring one hole being completed, the carriage is drawn 3
a

page_text: along by the main screw to operate in like manner on any number of
holes' requiring to be parallel with each other. When the boring bar
or cutter. is-required to operate on the side of an object it is effected by
lowering the main centre slides in the manner before described. It
'will also be seen that by fixing a surface cutter, or any other form of
cutter, on "the" nose of the mandril, the key flats on shafts, as also
various descriptions of grooves, can be cut; and to any length, by the
longitudinal traversing of the carriage; and where a number shall be
required in the circumference of any shaft or other object, it is quickly
and accurately effected by the notched dividing plate. I further attach
at the back of the carriage, by a suitable fixing, an upright-shaft driven
by bevil wheels from the grooved line shaft before referred to, and having
fitted or its upper end a plate or dise with an eccentric pin on its
surface, and to which is attached one end of a connecting rod, the other
end taking hold of a fixed pin in the transverse cross slide, the object of
this arrangement being to communicate a quick stroke to the transverse
slide when required for cross paring or planing any object, to effect
which a tool is fixed in a boring bar similar to the one described. In
this operation the bar takes a linear cut, and not, as before described,
by a revolving cutter, the driving strap from the drum to the mandrill
headstock being at rest.
"
The second part of my Invention consists in a machine or appa
ratus which I designate a boring and slötting machine, and which is
intended to bore any wheel, pulley, or other object, and to slot or cut
the key way in the same before being released from the face plate or
chuck, thereby saving the usual fefixing in a seperate machine, which
has hitherto been required for slotting, and which I effect in the fol
lowing manner: On a slide bed similar to the bed of a slide lathe F
secure, in the ordinary manner, a suitable headstock for boring, the chuck
or face plate of which is provided with a slide at the back of the face
plate in order that the j plate and the object attached to it can be moved
from its central position by means of a screw. An horizontal carriage
or saddle
fitted on the surface of the other end of bed to move
parallel with the bed, and made to advance or recede from the face plate
by means of a cross shaft with pinion geering into a rack Upon this

page_text: carriage are two uprights to receive a sliding bar, fitted similar to that
in an ordinary slotting machine, and which also .moyes in a direction
parallel to the bed. Through the centre part of this carriage passes
an upright shaft, having on its upper end under the sliding bar a plate
or disc fitted with a pin which can be moved nearer or further from the
centre. From this pin a connecting rod passes to a similar pin in the
lower part of the sliding bar, so that when the disc is made to revolve,
the sliding bar advances to and recedes from the face plate; on the lower
extremity of this upright shaft is fitted a bevil wheel; in the interior
space of the bed a longitudinal grooved shaft is placed under this
wheel, on which is fitted a bevil pinion gearing into the bevil wheel,
and carried by a suitable fixing in such manner that when the carriage
is moved nearer or further from the headstock the pinion slides on the
grooved shaft, retaining always the same position with the wheel. On
the end of the grooved shaft projecting from the bed is a pulley driven
by a strap from the same driving shaft which gives motion to the boring
maundrill. The end of the sliding bar opposite the face plate is pro-
vided with the usual recess to receive the slotting tool, in which recess
is also fitted a piece (removable at pleasure) having a centre point
adjusted so as to be opposite to the central of the maundrill. The object
to be operated upon being attached to the face plate or chuck, the
boring bit or drill is applied in the usual manner, the tail end being
supported by the centre point held in the sliding bar, and forced
forward by a handle on the cross shaft causing the carriage to advance;
and with it the sliding bar, this cross shaft being also fitted with a
wheel and worm at the other end in order that it may be self-acting
when required. When the bearing is completed the centre point is
removed, and replaced by a suitable slotting tool; the pulley on the end
of the grooved shaft is then put in motion, which causes the slotting
bar to advance and recede, the cut being given by the screw moving the
object on the face plate from its central position, as before described,
until the side of the hole is brought in contact with the slotting tool.
It will be seen that by a suitable dividing apparatus the face plate can
be moved round so as to cut any number of key ways equi-distant, and
also by a rotatory movement to the face plate acting alternately with
כי
.

page_text: the cut circular objects may be pared or shaped, and also flat surfaces,
by moving the slide behind the face before named.
The third part of my Invention consists in certain improvements in
the machine called the drilling machine, which I effect in the following
manner-In the part of the drilling machine when the table bracket
usually slides up or down, I place a turned parallel pillar or cylindar,
the table bracket being bored to slide accurately upon it, having at its
upper and lower extremities a bearing in a bored part of the frame in
which it can revolve. At the lower end of this pillar is a collar or
flange of a conical form, with a corresponding cone in the lower part of
the frame into which it fits. At the top and to the centre of the pillar
is attached a pin passing through a hole in the frame, being screwed
and fitted with a lock handle which, when moved forward or tightened,"
draws up the pillar, bringing the cones at bottom together in firm
contact, by which the pillar is fastened and prevented from moving.
stop pin is fixed in the collar, and flange at bottom made to strike
a similar pin fast in the frame. Into this pillar is fitted or cast a rack,
the points of the teeth being sufficiently below the line of diameter to
admit of a key
or guide, piece (projecting from the bracket) fitting into
the recess, so that the table will have no lateral movement except
when the lock handle is unscrewed for the purpose of turning the table
nside. In the lower part of the frame is placed horizontally in the
usual position a tubular driving shaft carrying a cone pulley, and at
the back end the fast and loose pulley. Through the inside of this
shaft passing from front to back is a rod projecting at each end; at
the back, on the end of the rod, is fixed a lever. On the end of
this lever is attached a fork or strap guide, extending in a diagonal
position across the fast and loose pulleys; on the other end of this
rod, which passes through the hollow shaft and near to where the
workman standing, is fastened a lever, being so formed that the foot of
the person can, raise or depress it, which gives a slight rotary move-
ment to the rod, and consequently to the diagonal strap guide on other
end, by which the strap is caused to move laterally from one pulley to
the other.
The fourth part of my Invention consists in the application of the

page_text: hollow shaft with rod through, and the diagonal strap. guide already
described, to the planing machine, for the purpose of traversing the
driving strap from one pulley to the other, and which has hitherto been
effected by a sliding bar passing through the bed of the machine, having
on its end a fork, and sliding in a direction parallel to the shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Haley in the Great Seal Patent Office
'on the 29th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,.
JOSEPH HALEY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting..
1.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Roval Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day. of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give, and grant unto. me, the said Joseph Haley, Her special licence, that
I the said Joseph Haley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Joseph Haley, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING, BORING, AND SHAPING. METALS AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES,". upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph
Haley, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Royal Letters
Patent.
15.0
5.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Haley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained. in and by
the following statement, (that is to say.)
My Invention relates, firstly, to an, iniproved machine or appa-
ratus for boring, facing, or shaping any object when.ai number of such
operations are required parallel to each other; and at a right angle..to
the axis or given points of the object, such as the cross-head; beam, or
cranks of a steam engine; secondly, to an improved machine or appȧ-
ratus for boring and slotting, which is intended. to bore any wheel,
pully, or other similar object, and to slot or cut the key-way in the sanie
before being released from the face plate or check, thereby saving the
time and labour usually employed in refixing in a separate machine;
thirdly, to an improved drilling machine'; and; fourthily, to an improved
method of traversing the driving strap from one pully to another; all
of which-improvements are herein fully described and illustrated in the
accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, in which the same letters of
reference are used. to represent similar parts where different. views.or
diagrams are shewn. In No 1 Sheet of Drawings, Fig..1 is a front
elevation of a machine.or apparatus shewing some parts of my said
improvements-for-boring,-facing, or shaping; Fig. 2, an end elevation
of the same, taken from the driving end; Fig. 3, a transverse section
cut through at the dotted line o, o, shewn in Fig. 1; and Fig. 4, is a
plan thereof. Upon the bed c, which is similar to that of a slide lathe;
I place the two upright headstocks m anil 1; m being a fixture at the
extremity of the bed, and moveable, so as to accomodate any length
of object.. The perpendicular sides of these headstocks facing each
other are fitted with the slide a, a, each carrying a centre similar to a
turning lathe, and which vertical slides are provided with a screw to
raise or lower the centres wlien required. The centre part of the fast
headstock is carried by a shaft or socket, having on the front end or
nose the circular plate g, notched on its peripheries in accurate divisions,
with a suitable stop to fit into the notches. On the aforesaid bed is
fitted a carriage or saddle sliding on it.parallel with the centres, which
carriage is provided with the transverse slide b; bearing a pair of head
stocks similar to a lathe, and moving at a right angle to the main
centres already described: When the, vertical centre. slides a, a, are

page_text: drawn to the highest limit they are the same height as the centres of
the head stocks on the transverse side. At the back of the bed, and
parallel to it, is placed the grooved.shaft d, on which is fixed a bevil
wheel gearing into another attached to the broad, drum e, at right
angles, carried by a suitable fixing, from which drum passes up a strap
to give motion to the mandril f, of the headstock of the transverse
slide the grooved shaft already described has fitted on its extremity
projecting from the slide a 'cone pully, having a corresponding one on
the driving shaft above, by which various speeds are obtained. On the
front side of the bed is placed a screw extending its full length, passing
through a suitable carrier, and a nut attached to the carriage, which
screw receives motion from a pinión on the grooved shaft, gearing into
the wheel h; which has at its centre an adjustable eccentric pin; from
this pin passes a connecting rod, communicating a vibratory motion to
the pall lever behind the wheel i, and by means of the pall acting on the
teeth of the wheel i, gives rotary motion to the main screw, and causes
the saddle with the slide 6, to traverse along it in the ordinary manner.
The transverse slide is fitted with a screw, by which it is made to
slide to and fro; having a train of wheels communicating from the tail of
the mandril to render is self-acting. The object to be operated upon
is suspended in the main centres on the slides a, a, and secured to the
dividing or face plate 9. A boring bar or centre is then introduced
between the centres of the transverse headstocks. The operation at
one point being completed, the carriage is drawn along by the main
screw to operate in a like manner on any number of parts requiring to
be parallel with each other. When the boring bar or cutter is required
to operate on the side of an object, as shewn at Figs. 11, 12, and 14, it
is effected by lowering the main centre slides a, a, in the manner before
described. It will also be seen that by fixing a surface cutter or any
other form of cutter on the nose of the mandril f, the key beds or flats
on shafts as well as various descriptions of grooves, as shown at Figs.
7, 8, 9, and 10, can be cut to any length by the longitudinal traversing
of the carriage, and where a number shall be required in the circum-
ference of any object, such as the shaping of nuts or similar articles, as
seen at Figs. 5 and 6, it is quickly and accurately effected by the

page_text: notched dividing plate g. "I also attach at the back of the carriage by
á suitable fixing an upright shaft driven by bevil wheels from the
grooved line shaft before referred to, and having fitted on its upper end.
a plate or disc with an eccentric pin on its surface, and to which is
attached one end of a connecting rod, the other end taking hold of a
fixed pin in the transverse cross slide similar to the arrangement shewn
at Fig. 1, in the N° 2.Sheet of Drawings; the object of this arrange-
ment being to communicate a quick stroke to the transverse slide when
required for cross paring or planing any object, to effect which a tool is
fixed in a boring bar similar to the one described. In this operation
the bar takes à linear cut, and not as before described by a revolving:
cutter, the driving strap from the drum to the mandril headstock
being at rest. In No. 2 Sheet of Drawings, Fig. 1 is a front elevation
of a machine or apparatus, shewing my improvements in the mode
or method of boring or slotting; Fig. 2, is a plan of the same; and
Fig. 3, an end view thereof. On the slide bed a, similar to the bed of
a slide lathe, I secure in the ordinary manner a suitable headstock c
for boring. The chuck or face plate b, is provided with a slide at the
back of it, in order that the plate and the object attached to it can be
lowered from its central position by means of a screw and handle.n.
An horizontal carriage or saddle d, is fitted on the surface of the other
end of the bed, to move parallel with the bed, and is made to advance
or recede from the face plate by means of the handle k, on a cross shaft,
with a pinion gearing into the rack 7. Upon this carriage are two
uprights formed to receive the sliding bar h, similar to that employed in
the ordinary slotting machine, which bar moves in a direction parallel
to the bed. Through the centre part of this carriage passes an upright
shaft, having on its upper end and under the sliding bar h, a circular
plate or disc ġ, fitted. with a pin, which can be inoved nearer to or
further from the centre. From this pin a connecting rod passes:
to a similar pin in the lower part of the slide bar h, so that when
the disc is made to revolve the sliding bar advances and recedes.
On the lower extremity of the upright shaft in the interior space
of the bed is secured a bevil wheel f, and immediately below this
wheel a longitudinal grooved shaft is placed, on which is fitted

page_text: the bevil pinione, gearing, into the said bevil wheel f, and carried by
suitable, fixings" in such a manner that when the carriage is moved
nearer or further from the headstock the pinion shall: slide, with
it; always retaining the same position; with, the bevil wheels f, which
arrangement is shewn in Figs. 1.and. 3, of the; said No-2 Sheet of
Drawings. On the end of the grooved shaft already described; and pro-
jecting from the bed, is a fast and loose, pully to receive a strap from
the driving shaft above. The end of the slotting or sliding bar is pro-
vided with the usual recess to receive a slotting tool, in, which is also
fitted a piece (removable at pleasure), having a centre point adjusted so
as to be opposite to the centre of the mandril of the boring headstock.
The object to be operated upon--being secured to the face plate in the
usual manner, the boring bit or drill is applied in the ordinary, way, the
tail end being supported by the centre point-held in the sliding bar, and
forced forward by the handle k, on the pinion shaft. This shaft will
also be provided with a wheel and worm at the back in the usual'man-
ner in order that, the boring operations. may be self-acting when
required: Another amodification of this improvement is effected by.a
forcing up or following headstock operating in the ordinary manner,
having its base fitted on a cylindrical sliaft, at the back of the bed, as
shewn in the aforesaid Figs. 1; 2, and 3-by-this arrangement the
following headstock can be turned over backwards, when the boring is
completed, to make way for the advance of the slotting carriage. When
the article, to be operated upon is bored the centre point is removed
from the slotting bar, and replaced with..the ordinary slotting tool.
The carriage d, being advanced, to the required distance by means of
the handlek, the lock handle j. is tightened, which, by means of a screw
acting on a piece fitted against the slide of the bed, secures the carriage
in the required. position. The strap: is then moved on the fast pully. i,
which causes the slotting bar to advance and recede. The screw handle
n is then moved, causing the "chuck or face plate, with the object
attached; to.descend, from its central position until the upper side of the
hole comes in contact with the slotting tool, and the required.. depth of
groove is made. It will be easily understood that by a suitable dividing
apparatus the face plate can bei moved round so ás to cut any number

page_text: In
of key-ways equi-distant, and also by a rotatory movement applied. to
thé, chuck or face plate, acting alternately, with the cut, circular objects
may be pared; or shaped, and also flat surfaces; by moving, the slide
behind the face-plate. before named. Fig. 4, in the said No. 2 Sheet
of Drawings represents an elevation of, a drilling machine,.shewing. my
improvements..therein, and Fig. 5, diagonal guides for the same.
that part of the drilling machine where the table: bracket.usually moves
up and down Iplace a turned parallel pillar or cylinder o, the table
bracket being bored to slide accurately upon it, having at its upper and
lower extremities a bearing in a bored. part of the frame.in.which it can
revolve. At the upper end of this pillár is a flange with a surface
fitting against a corresponding surface. in the part of the frame imme-
diately over it. At the top and in the centre of the pillar is attached a
pin passing through a hole in the frame, which. pin is screwed and fitted
with the lock handle u,which, when moved forward or tightened, draws
up the pillar, bringing the upper surface of the- flange. and the-under-
surface of the frame together in firm contact, by which the pillar is fas-
tened and prevented from. moving. A stop pin is fixed' in the pillar at
the bottoni, made: to strike a similar pin-fast in the frame; so that the
table is. instantly brought to its central position. Into 'this pillar is
fitted or: cast a rack, the points of the teeth being sufficiently below. the
line of diameter to admit of a key or guide piece projecting from the
bracket fitting into, the recess, so that the table will have no latērál;
movement.except, when the lock-handle, is unscrewed for the purpose of
turning the table, aside. In the lower part of the frame is placed in
the usual manner a driving shaft carrying a cone pully, and at the.
outer end a fast and loose pully. In order to be able to stop and start
the machine without requiring the hand to be extended in the usual
I fix at the bottom a bell-crank lever, as seen at p; Fig. 1; the
upper end.of which takes hold of a pin in the sliding bar which carries
the strap. guide. When the left foot of the workman depresses or raises
the end of this lever the sliding bar carrying the strap guide q removes
the strap on or off the fast-pully; by this arrangement the workman-has
no occasion to let go his hold of the work with either hand-to-stop.the
machine. Another imodification of this part of my said improvements
manner,

page_text: is as follows: I place a shaft similar to the one already described,
being tubular, and pass a small rod through it; at the back end of this
rod I fix a lever carrying a strap guide which is extended diagonally
across the fast and loose pullies, as shewn in Fig. 4. On the other end
of this 'rod, which passes through the hollow shaft, and near to where
the workman stands, is fastened a 'lever, which is so formed that the foot
of the operator can raise or depress it, giving a slight rotary movement
to the rod, and consequently to the diagonal strap guide on the other
end, by which the strap is caused to move laterally froni one pulley to
the other: I cflect another improvement in this machine by drawing
up the spindle (after its work is done) by a spiral spring' instead of
the pully and weight or lever hitherto adopted, which I accomplish
as follows: On the end of the pinion shaft which depresses the drill
spindle I fix a circular box t, which is secured to the frame to prevent it's
turning. To the shaft inside this is attached a flat coiled spring, having
its other end fixed to the inside of the box rim. It will be perceived
that if this spring be coiled to the required tightness it will cause the
pinion shaft to revolve backwards when the depressing motion is taken
off, and the spindle will be drawn up to its usual elevation; when not at
work the front of this spring box is enclosed by a plate. Fourthly, to
the application of the aforesaid hollow shaft with rod through, and the
diagonal strap guide already described, to the planing machine for the
purpose of traversing the driving strap from one pully to the other,
which has hitherto been done by a sliding bar passing through the bed
of the machine, having on its end a fork, and sliding in a direction
parallel to the shaft.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be carried into practical.
effect, I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine my-
self to the exact details herein set forth, as such may be varied or modi-
fied without departing from the principle thereof; but I claim as of my
Invention, and which to the best of my knowledge and belief has not
been hitherto used within this realm,--firstly, the improved machine
or apparatus for boring, facing, or shaping metals or other substances;
secondly, the improved machine or apparatus for boring and slotting;

page_text: thirdly, the improved machine or apparatus for drilling; and, fourthly,
the improved method of traversing the driving strap from one pully to
another, either for the aforesaid machines or any other machines to
which it is applicable, as all such improvements are herein described
and illustrated in the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Haley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Joseph Haley, in
the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
JOSEPH HALEY. (L.8.).
Patent Agent,
Manchester.