Improvements in the Manner, Method, or Mode of Treating Esparto Grass and other Fibrous Materials for Paper Making and other Uses.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1887
Complete Left, 20th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 8th June, 1888,
Improvements in the Manner, Method, or Mode of Treating Esparto
Grass and other Fibrous Materials for Paper Making and other
Uses.
I, GEORGE HENRY MALLARY, of 18 Tavistock Street, Bedford Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Paper Mill Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:
uses
This invention has for its object "Improvements in the manner, method or mode,
of treating esparto grass, and other fibrous materials, for paper making and other
"without injury to the fibres, and consists in the employment of certain materials
for removing the gum and other objectionable portions, which materials at the same
time bleach or cleanse the fibres without injuring them when used in certain propor-
tions, and in a certain manner, and preserve and develope their strength, toughness
and flexibility.
In carrying my improved process into practical effect I take suitable proportions
and quantities of the following materials or substances, that is to say caustic soda,
petroleum or its products, and a smaller proportion of mustard oil and sulphate of
magnesia, of which materials or substances I first prepare, with a suitable quantity of
the soda, a strong lye, to which I add a suitable quantity and proportion of mustard
oil and petroleuni or its products, and then proceed to saponify them by heat to a
certain degree, and then when suitably prepared I add the proper proportion of the
sulphate of magnesia.
By this improved combination and mode of preparation I am enabled to prepare a
saponaceous product without requiring the use of tallow or animal grease as usually
employed in making soap, though in certain cases I may employ a suitable quantity
to modify the action of the compound.
In treating the fibrous materials I place in a boiler a suitable quantity of water to
which I add caustic soda or a lye of the required degree of strength to suit the nature
of the material being treated, and to this charge I add a suitable proportion and
quantity of my improved saponaceous compound to produce the required result, and
so soon as the boiling is completed the stuff is treated as ordinary stock and may be
applied to paper making or for other uses.
JT. 1987

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manner, Method, or Mode of Treating Esparto
Grass and other Fibrous Materials for Paper Making and other
Uses.
I, GEORGE HENRY MALLARY of 10 Tavistock Street Bedford Square in the County
of Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object an improved manner, method, or mode of treating
esparto grass and other fibrous materials or substances, whereby I am enabled to
bring them into a suitable condition for paper making and other uses, without injuring
the strength of the fibre, and obtain the fibre in greater length, and at the same time
getting rid of the gummy, resinous and other objectionable parts, at a more econo-
mical rate, and without using so much and so strong chemicals as is generally the
case under the present system.
In carrying my improved process into practical effect, I take suitable proportions
and quantities of the following materials or substances, that is to say-caustic soda,
petroleum, or its products, and similar proportions of mustard oil and boracic acid to
saponify them, also magnesite or carbonate of magnesia. I prepare a strong lye with
a suitable quantity of the caustic soda, and to this lye I add the desired or required
quantity of mustard oil and petroleum or its products and I then proceed to saponify
by heat, adding the boracic acid to assist the operation, preferring to saponify the
materials before putting them into the boiler because there is not generally sufficient
strength in the lye to saponify them in the boiler, whereby I ensure more satisfactory
and better results; though if preferred they may be employed without being
saponified.
By this improved combination and mode of preparation, I am enabled to prepare
a saponaceous product without requiring the use of tallow or animal grease, as usually
employed in making soap, though in certain cases I may employ a suitable quantity
to modify the action of the compound.
In treating the fibrous materials I place in a boiler a suitable quantity of water, to
which I add caustic soda, or a lye of the required strength to suit the nature of the
material being treated and whilst placing the material in the boiler, mix or distribute
magnesite or carbonate of magnesia with or amongst it and in the proportion of about
two per cent. of the weight of the material, or a solution of sulphite of magnesia of
equivalent strength, and to this charge I add a suitable proportion and quantity of
my improved saponaceous compound to produce the required result and as soon as the
boiling is completed, the stuff is treated as ordinary stock and may be applied to
paper making or other uses. The proportions I employ in preparing my improved
saponaceous compound herein before described are as follows:-I take two gallons of
petroleum or its products, one gallon of mustard oil, ten to fifteen pounds of caustic
soda, and one per cent. of the boracic acid. I place these in an open or other suitable

page_text: vessel or copper and expose them to the action of heat for from one to two hours until
properly saponified.
Having charged the boiler with the fibrous material and magnesite or carbonate of
magnesia as hereinbefore described (about two per cent. of the weight of the mate-
rial to be treated), I add to the material to be treated from 3 to 6 gallons of the
saponaceous compound hereinbefore described and continue the boiling the usual
length of time, when the result will be that the fibre will be found beautifully soft,
and the greater portion of the gum, silica and resinous matters removed or so softened
as to be no hindrance to the perfect separation of the fibres, whilst the strength,
silkiness and softness are preserved in all their natural integrity and not injured by
the process.
It may now be treated as the ordinary stock but in place of passing it direct
through the ordinary beating engine, by preference I pass it through my improved
disintegrator or pulper described and shown in my Patent No. 8862 of 1887, which
opens out, clears and separates the fibres without grinding them to powder leaving
them in the best condition for further treatment or use for the purpose desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First The use of a saponaceous compound or its equivalent formed by the combi-
nation of caustic soda, mustard oil, petroleum, or its products, with boracic acid as
herein set forth.
Second-The use of magnesite or carbonate of magnesia in combination with the
saponaceous compound hereinbefore described in the manner and for the purposes
herein set forth.