matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAPONACEOUS COMPOUNDS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st October
1868.
I, WILLIAM COOKE, of No. 9, Spring Gardens, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAPONACEOUS COMPOUNDS," to be as follows:-.
This Invention or discovery consists in the use, employment, and mixing of
certain new materials hereafter more particularly described under the head
of mucilaginous compounds, with soap and saponaceous compounds, in the
ordinary way of soap making.
The mucilaginous compounds employed under this process being produced
from various vegetable substances, such as potatoes, chesnuts, parsnips, or any
other vegetable or farinaceous substance suitable for the purpose in the form of
a gum, such gum being prepared from the dry flour made from potatoes, ches-
nuts, or other vegetable or farinaceous substance as above mentioned, in the fol-
lowing manner, that is to say, the dry flour is first well incorporated with cold
water, afterwards there is added sufficient boiling water to make it into a
thick paste, which is mixed with the soap or saponaceous compounds, care
being taken to keep it well crutched or stirred during the manipulation, and
when the gum or mucilaginous compound is thoroughly well mixed with the
saponaceous compound and well boiled therewith, it is cleansed into a frame
in the manner practised to cool, crutching it well during the time of cooling
until it is set or becomes thick in the usual way of crutching soap.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PYRAMID AND OTHER CANS OR FEEDERS FOR OIL AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph White at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd July
1863.
I, JOSEPH WHITE, of Trinity Street, Trinity Square, in the County of
Surrey, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PYRAMID AND OTHER CANS OR FEEDERS FOR OIL AND
OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in providing with or adding to the pyramid can or
feeder for oil or other liquid a groove or trough round the base, or other part of
the nozzle or spout, or orifice or passage (orifices or passages) communicating
with the interior thereof, which orifice or passage (orifices or passages) is (or
are) to be shut by means of a plug, stopper, or valve, (or of plugs, stoppers,
or valves,) when oil or liquid is to be poured, pressed, or passed therefrom, the
stopping of every passage but that of exit from the point of the spout or
nozzle being necessary to effect that operation.
And 1 propose to carry my Invention into effect by having a groove round
the base of the spout with an orifice or orifices leading to the interior of the
can, which will be stopped by a plug or stopper moving up or down on an
upright spindle inside the can, thus the lowering of the spout (as when
pouring or passing oil or liquid) will cause the plug to drop into the orifice,
or by pressure at the bottom of the can the same may be effected by the air

page_text: u, u, being the base of the spout which screws into the can; b, b, the spout
proper; c, c, the annular rim or groove circumferencing the trough; and dis
tho air orifice, which orifice is stopped by the action of the collar valve here 5
shown―
which has an orifice e through it continuing the passage of the spout, and
when not pouring out, this valve is in the position shewn by the Diagram,
and when pouring out, owing to the part being lowered, the solid part of this
valve will fall against the inner end of the air orifice d and stop it, and only
allow the passage to the spout to be open; but instead of these arrangements
another may be adopted, (that is,) a tube may descend from the air orifice to
near the bottom of the can with a plug attached to the bottom, which
bottom is to be a flexible or pressure bottom, which being pressed from
beneath, the plug connected with it will be forced into the lower end of the
pipe and stop it; any equivalent arrangements for the purposes above
mentioned will answer.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UNITING BELTS AND LENGTHS OF WIRE GAUZE, AND OTHER METAL CLOTH
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ebenezer Noah Gregory at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
September 1863.
I, EBENEZER NOAH GREGORY, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey,
Wire Cloth Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UNITING BELTS AND LENGTHS OF WIRE GAUZE,
AND OTHER METAL CLOTH," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in uniting two ends of a length of wire gauze to form
an endless belt, or the end of one length of metal cloth to the end of another
length, in manner hereafter stated. My Invention is intended to apply chiefly
to the endless wire gauze, web, or belt used in paper-making machines, but is
not restricted to that application. To unite the ends I remove from each end
one or more of the transverse or longitudinal wires, so as to leave the ends of
the warp or weft wires protruding. I bring the two ends of the length,
supposing an endless belt is to be formed, in contact, and I interlace or insert
the protruding wires of one end between the protruding wires of the other end,
and fix them by soldering or cementing.
A NEW MODE OF ROOFING HOUSES, BUILDINGS, AND OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Armand le Comte de Fon-
tainemoreau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 8th July 1868.-A communication from abroad by
Messrs. Gaduel Boisserane and Garnier, of Paris, France.
.
I, PETER ARMANDLE COMTE DE FONTAINEMOREAU, of 10, Rue de la
Fidélité, Paris, and 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW MODE OF
ROOFING HOUSES, BUILDINGS, AND OTHER STRUCTURES," to be as follows, that is
to say:
The said Invention consists in bending an iron wire in such a manner
that it forms two parallel arms, the extremities of which being flattened as
much as possible are turned up in the shape of a hook. The separation
of the two arms corresponds with two small holes made in the slates. In
this manner the central point between the two holes becomes the central
point of the sides of the slates. Instead of setting closely the boards forming
the roof according to the present system, I use instead laths separated from
each other by about twenty-two inches, and on these I fix the slates. In.
the holes with which the slates are provided, as herein-before stated, I pass
the ends of the two arms of the wire. The part of the hook remaining inside
the roof, and which is greatly bent from top to bottom, is placed on the lath.
This completes the firm fixing of the slate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF RAGS AND OBTAINING VALUABLE CHEMICAL PRODUCTS FROM THE ANIMAL FIBRE THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lorberg at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th March
1863.
I, WILLIAM LORBERG, of Wyld's Rents, Bermondsey, in the County of
Surrey, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF RAGS AND OBTAINING VALUABLE
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS FROM THE ANIMAL FIBRE THEREIN," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the treatment of, firstly, mixed fabrics containing
vegetable fibre and animal fibre, known in the trade as linseys, stuffs, bodies,
challies, and the like; and, secondly, printed cotton goods known as chintzes,
furnitures, prints, and the like, and have for their object the separation or
recovery, the cleansing and bleaching, of the vegetable fibre, and obtaining
valuable chemical products from the animal fibre.
For the purpose of separating the vegetable from the animal fibre, I steep the
goods in a solution of caustic alkalis, soda or potash, which disintegrates or dis-
solves out the animal fibre, such as wool, silk, hair, without sensibly attacking
the vegetable fibre. This solution also decomposes or breaks up some of the
colours or dies, and removes most of the dirt, grease, or other impurities con-
tained in the rags. The selection of alkali depends upon the uses for which
the wool liquor or solution of wool is to be employed, and the strength of the
alkaline liquor is of course varied according to the quality of the goods
operated upon. The action takes place in the cold, but heat accelerates it. After
this process the goods are subjected to strong pressure in order to force out the

page_text: disintegrated wool together with the alkaline liquor retained in them, and are
then thoroughly washed in plenty of water, after which they are immersed in
an acid bath containing from one to five per cent. of acid, generally sulphuric,
where they must remain for a longer or shorter period until the decomposition
of the more refractory colours is complete. They are again washed, and
ultimately submitted to the action of one or more of the well-known bleaching
agents, such as chloride of lime, chloride of soda or potash, sulphurous acid,
when they will come out white and clean. The spent liquor from the first
process containing the wool and other animal matters in solution, and being
therefore very rich in nitrogen, I employ for the manufacture of manure,
ammonia, or cyanogen compounds.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENT PEGS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Trapnell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th April
1863.
I, HENRY TRAPNELL, of the City of Bristol, Mahogany Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENT PEGS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of vent
peg for beer barrels or other like purposes, and consists in making such vent
pegs in the form of a metal tube, provided with an ordinary cock, and having
a screw thread formed on the lower end, so as to enable the vent peg to be
screwed into the barrel or receptacle in place of being driven therein in the
ordinary manner. By turning the plug of the cock the entrance of the air
can be regulated, and more readily shut off than with the ordinary vent pegs.
The top of the vent peg or tube may be closed if intended to be driven into
the cask by a mallet or hammer, and is slightly expanded and provided with
lateral apertures for the entrance of the air or escape of gases from the
receptacle according to the purpose to which it is applied.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREVENTING AND REMOVING THE INCRUSTATIONS IN MARINE AND LAND STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Page at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th July 1863.
I, WILLIAM CHARLES PAGE, of Gabrick Street, Millwall, in the County of
Middlesex, Engine Driver, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREVENTING AND REMOVING THE INCRUSTATIONS IN
MARINE AND LAND STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent the sediment or calcareous
deposits in steam boilers from forming a hard crust on the bottom and sides
thereof, and also to remove such incrustations when formed. To this end I
employ a solution prepared by heating together in an iron pot creasote or
kreasote, (or what is commonly called dead oil, or oil of tar,) or any vegetable,
animal, or mineral oil with chloride of ammonium, carbonate of soda, caustic
soda, or potash, or any soluble chloride or carbonate in the proportion of
about 16 oz. of creasote to 1 oz. of either of the alkalies mentioned. The
solution thus prepared is introduced into the boiler through the feed pipe, or
otherwise. About 1 pint to each horse-power being sufficient for about
8 weeks; at the end of this time the boiler is blown off from the bottom, and
fresh solution added, after continuous working for some months, the only
operation then necessary being to blow off the boiler and remove the sediment
by hand. When the incrustation has already formed, the solution is
introduced into the boiler, it is then put into use for two or three weeks

page_text: and the deposit which was hard before can now easily be removed by hand.
For the convenience of transport it may be convenient to reduce it from the
liquid to the solid state.
Having now set forth my Invention of an improved mode of preventing and
removing the incrustations in steam boilers, and explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be specially understood that I claim
as my Invention, the use of creasote or kreasote for the purpose above
.described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FUSEES, VESUVIANS, OR OTHER CIGAR OR PIPE LIGHTS, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGAR OR PIPE LIGHTS, LUCIFER MATCHES, AND VESTAS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Charles Grimes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th December 1863.
I, GEORGE CHARLES GRIMES, of No. 8, Wandle Terrace, South Street,
Wandsworth, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FUSEES, VESUVIANS,
OR OTHER CIGAR OR PIPE LIGHTS, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CIGAR OR PIPE LIGHTS, LUCIFER MATCHES, AND VESTAS," to be
as follows:-
Cigar or pipe lights as at present produced have the lighting composition
applied to one end of a thin stem, which, from being so thin, requires several
dippings in the composition to insure a sufficient quantity of it being taken to
give it a bulbous form for use.
The object of the first part of my improvements is to obtain a larger surface
for holding the lighting composition of such form so that the amount of dipping
may be greatly reduced.
For this purpose I form that part of the stem which is to receive the
ignitable and pastile compositions of metal plate of say, about of an inch in
width or above of an inch in width; I also obtain a corresponding extension
of the surface for receiving the composition by coiling wire to the extent
desired.
The improvements relate, secondly, to forming fusee or such like cigar or
pipe lights by forming the stems of cotton, several strands of which adapted to

page_text: the thickness desired to be obtained to the fusee or such like light are con-
ducted together through any suitable composition adapted upon ignition to
burn slowly, and in passing from such composition the combined strands are
drawn through surfaces adapted to remove any superfluous quantity thereof and
also to effect compression of the fibres. Strands thus prepared are then dried
and cut into lengths for use, one or both ends of such lengths being dipped in
composition such as now commonly used to produce ignition by friction.
The improvements relate, thirdly, to "clamp-filling machines," and have for
their object the more correct placing of the "splints" or stems in clamping
frames, or means by which the "splints" or stems are held for facility of
dipping their ends in suitable preparations.
For this purpose the guides between which the selected "splints" or stems
pass from the grooved plate in the bottom of the splint box to the clamping
frame in place of being stationary or rigid, and rather wider apart than the
width of a "splint," are capable of yielding, and are placed sufficiently close
together to clip with an elastic pressure each of the "splints" or stems passed
between them, by which the "splints" or stems passed between them will be
held correctly spaced until taken between the plates of the clamp board or
released by a forcer of greater width than the "splints" or stems, or by other
suitable means, or such elastic guides may be combined and used with the
ordinary rigid guides.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PEN AND INK HOLDERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Baptiste Vincent Faure at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th August 1868.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE VINCENT FAURE, of Aschaffenburg, in Bavaria, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PEN AND INK
HOLDERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in combining in one instrument a penholder and ink
reservoir, as hereafter described. I form the holder hollow, and prefer to
enlarge it at top for the better pouring in of ink; I close the top by a stopper,
which answers as a seal. The holder is closed at bottom except to a small
tube, which extends over the back of the pen, and is closed when the holder is
not in use by a pin, which extends up the tube and serves both as a stopper and
to cleanse the inside of the tube; under the tube is an ordinary clip in which
the nib is inserted. The tube, nib, and pin, when the holder is not being used,
are protected by a cap which covers them and fits on to the bottom of the
holder.
IMPROVED COMPOUNDS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR SIZING, STIPPENING, AND COLORING YARNS AND TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David James Cooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April
1863.
I, DAVID JAMES COOKE, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Dyer and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED COMPOUNDS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR SIZING, STIPPENING,
AND COLORING YARNS AND TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
For sizing and coloring worsted, braid, and fine cotton yarns, I mix about
twenty pounds weight of farina or potato flour, twenty pounds sago flour,
fifteen pounds of rice flour, and six pounds of gluc, with sufficient water to
make it of a suitable consistency, and add to the said mixture or compound
any suitable coloring matter to give the materials the desired tint or color;
the said mixture will be sufficient for about one hundred and twelve pounds
weight of worsted braid.
I make gelatine size for stiffening grey, white, or colored goods made of
cotton, linen, or other fibrous materials, whether in the state of yarn or woven
fabrics, by mixing about two hundred and eighty pounds weight of rice flour,
two hundred and eighty pounds weight of wheat flour, one hundred and twelve
pounds of farina or potato flour, fifty-six pounds of sago flour, and sixteen
pounds of glue, with a sufficient quantity of water to make it workable, and
add the necessary coloring matter, as already described.
AN IMPROVED CON- STRUCTION OF FIRE-BARS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Brennand at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th August
1863.
I, JOHN BRENNAND, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CON-
STRUCTION OF FIRE-BARS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is the construction of durable fire-bars combined
with a ready and expeditious method of clearing the fire and bars of clinker,
and consuming the smoke. Heretofore, fire-bars have usually been made
with plain tops or surfaces, the fire resting on the whole width of each bar,
the heat and adhesion of clinker on the bars rapidly consuming them.
Fire-bars according to my improvements are formed with corrugated
surfaces, or a number of recesses may be made across or along the surface of
the said fire-bars, the object being to offer as little bearing surface for the fire
on each bar as possible, and to admit, through the corrugations or recesses,
atmospheric air to the bars and fire, the rib or feather of each bar and the
bearers thereof being relieved by a number of holes or openings through the
At the back or end of the bars, and about level therewith, I fix a fire-
clay slab or table on which the fire is received, whilst the "stoker" removes
any clinker or dirt formed on or between the bars and to receive overthrown

page_text: eoal. The operation of clearing the bars and fire from clinker or other
impurity being by the use of the fire-clay slab or table readily and thoroughly
effected, the stoker will rake the fire from the slab or table to its place on the
fire-bars. The high temperature of the slab or table tends to assist the
combustion of smoke during its passage over the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING OPTICAL ILLUSIONS FOR STAGE EFFECT IN THEATRES OR EXHIBITIONS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Hoffman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
August 1863.
I, JOHN WILLIAM HOFFMAN, of Rydon Street, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING OPTICAL ILLUSIONS FOR STAGE EFFECT IN THEATRES OR
EXHIBITIONS," to be as follows:-
I propose to represent water, rain, hail, snow, fire, or other effects on the
stage of a theatre or other place of exhibition, placing the water or the
artificial rain, hail, or snow at any convenient point, and throwing a strong light
thereupon to reflect the subject through a glass placed on the stage by the
intermediary of a looking glass or mirror, placed at such angle to the object
to be represented as may be requisite. I also propose to represent, either in
connection with a sheet of glass on the stage or separately, forked or sheet
lightening, by placing over the lens of a lamp, or substituting in the place of the
lens, two caps, the one first placed being entirely opaque, excepting where an
open slit (or transparent) in the form of forked lightening passes across it, and the
one placed over it being also opaque, except for an open slit or transparent line,
passing, say, one half across its diameter, the first cap being fixed in position,
the second in front thereof, and the lamp lit. When I wish to produce the
flash I cause one cap to revolve over the other, and as the open slits or trans-
parent lines cross each other brilliant rays of light appear and disappear,
following the course of the line traced on the first cap. I further propose. by

page_text: means of two or more traps in conjunction with a plate of glass and a strong
light, and with or without a mirror, to throw over a real person, persons, or
object placed on the stage the reflection of another person, persons, or object
placed below, above, or at the sides, or vice versa, for which purpose I place
the upper and lower traps in such connection by bands and pullies, cranks, or
other mechanical contrivances, that when the trap carrying the person whose
image is to be reflected on the stage moves in one direction, the trap sup-
porting the person who is really upon the stage in view of the audience
simultaneously moves in another. Lastly, I propose to use a curtain or
curtains of velvet, gauze, or other suitable material, using them plain, or
painted, or otherwise, representing thereupon any scenic effect, clouds, for
example, and while a strong light is thrown thereon to remove it or them
gradually, and so disclose any person or object placed behind. It will be
readily understood that if I thus use several gauzes, the figure may be made
to appear as it were through clouds or other medium by reversing the action,
that is, by hand or machinery, bringing the gauzes over it, the figure will
gradually melt away or be at once shut off by closing the thicker curtain or
velvet or other suitable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING COTTON FROM SEEDS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Platt and William Richardson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 18th February 1863.
I, JOHN PLATT, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, and WILLIAM RICHARDSON, of the same Place, Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING COTTON FROM SEEDS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to that machinery for cleaning cotton from seeds
known as the MacArthy gin, and has for its object the prevention of
accidental breaking of the reciprocating blade or blades should they become
clogged by an accumulation of material, or otherwise unduly resisted. For
this purpose we drive the said blade or blades through the medium of friction
surfaces, which will yield under the above-mentioned circumstances. Thus
we mount a pulley loosely upon a shaft, which pulley is pressed forward by a
spring so as to cause it to force a disc of leather against a boss fast upon the
said shaft, which also carries the cranks by which the blade or blades are
caused to perform their reciprocating motion. The pulley above mentioned
we use for driving the roller of the gin; when, therefore, an obstruction
occurs the friction surfaces will slip, and the action of the blade or blades will
cease, although the roller continue to revolve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- PACTURE OF BLUE COLOURING MATTER, AND ALSO OF VIOLET COLOURING MATTER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Passavant at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th April
1863. A communication from abroad by Friedrich Beyer, residing at
Barmen, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
I, PHILIP PASSAVANT, of Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF BLUE COLOURING MATTER, AND ALSO OF VIOLET COLOURING MATTER,"
to be as follows:-
According to the improvements in the manufacture of blue colouring
matter, I take four parts of fuschine, cight parts of aniline oil, and two parts
of acetate of soda, and heat this mixture slowly to 160 degrees Reaumur, at
which temperature I keep it for two hours, when I raise the same to 200
degrees Reaumur, again maintaining that beat for two hours. As soon as the
required shade is obtained the mixture is taken from the fire and poured into
four parts of alcohol, to which are added twelve parts of muriatic acid, for the
purpose of neutralizing the blue matter. When cooled, I obtain a bard
brownish black substance, which is ground and then boiled for a quarter of a
hour in a quantity of water with eight parts of sulphuric acid. This mixture
is filtered, and the blue matter obtained is boiled twice in eight parts of
muriatic acid, for the purpose of destroying the red tint, which has remained
more or less in the blue matter. After this operation I wash the blue matter
several times in warm water, until all vestige of the acid has disappeared. When
this matter has been pulverized and dried I pour on the powder ten parts of
alcohol, and let it stand a few hours until all vestige of red colour has dis-

page_text: appeared, I then filter the mixture, pulverize and dry it, and the powder thus
obtained is fit for dyeing purposes. I call it bleu de nuit.
The proportions of the various materials given above I have found to pro-
duce the best results, but I do not confine myself to them, inasmuch as they
admit of variations.
According to these improvements in the manufacture of a violet colouring
matter I take four parts of fuschine, eight parts of aniline oil, and one part of
acetate of soda, and heat this mixture slowly until it reaches a temperature of
180 degrees Reaumur, at which I keep it for an hour. However, I do not
bind myself exactly to this time, leaving that to depend on the shade required.
I then pour this mixture, which has taken a black violet colour, into a filter,
along with thirty parts of alcohol and three parts of rape oil. The object of
the rape oil is to render the resinous and tar parts firm, and it moreover
assists in rendering the colour fast. The mixture having been distilled and
filtered, the fluid is ready for dyeing purposes. I call it fluid violet liqueur.
The various proportions given above I find to produce the most favorable
results, but as they admit of variation I do not confine myself to them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LOWERING AND DISENGAGING BOATS FROM VESSELS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Oliver and George
Myers at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 16th March 1863.
We, EDWARD OLIVER, Engineer, and GEORGE MYERS, Draughtsman, both of
Rotherham, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LOWERING AND DISENGAGING
BOATS FROM VESSELS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of an apparatus by which a boat can be lowered into
the water upon an even keel, and both ends instantaneously freed from the
tackle, and is as follows:-Over the boat is a tube having a rod or bar in the
inside furnished with a right-handed screw at one end and a left-handed screw
at the other; over the screwed portions nuts are made to travel, as hereafter
explained. The tube is fitted at each end with a pulley block and a weighted
hook; to the weighted hooks the boat is suspended, the points of the hooks
being held by the nuts to prevent the boat leaving them until disengaged. The
ropes pass round the pulley blocks on the ends of the davits, and from thence
to barrels fitted to suitable framing firmly bolted to the deck of the ship. The
barrels are geared and their rotation is governed by means of a break under
the control of a man in the boat. The rod or bar has at one end a small hand
wheel, by which it is turned.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDS FOR CASTING STUDS FOR CHAINS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Mills at the Office of
tho Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th October:
1863.
1, DAVID MILLS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDS FOR CASTING STUDS FOR CHAINS,"
to be as follows:-
In the ordinary method of manufacturing moulds for casting studs for
chains, pattern studs are pressed into sand contained in a casting box, and a
half mould thus obtained; another casting box being placed upon the former,
sand is pressed into the upper casting box upon the lower half mould and the
pattern studs therein, and the other half mould produced. By removing the
upper casting box with its half mould, and after removing the pattern studs
from the lower half mould, replacing the upper casting box, the mould is.
ready for casting. The gets or channels for the melted metal are made in the
mould in the ordinary way.
In making the said moulds according to my Invention, I form each of the
half moulds upon a solid block of metal or other hard substance, the said block
being the counterpart of the half mould to be made, that is to say, the two
blocks on which I form the half moulds, have the figures respectively of the
half moulds usually made with sand, and the pattern studs fitted therein,
together with the gets or channels. The half moulds thus formed are.ready
to be used for casting immediately they are removed from the pattern blocks.

page_text: The said pattern moulding blocks may be made by casting from the two
halves of a sand mould respectively.
Moulds made according to my Invention, are more quickly made than
moulds made in the ordinary way, and are free from the risk of injury by the
removal of the pattern studs.
At IMPROVED INHALING APPARATUS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Severin Guirette at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
May 1863.
I, JOSEPH SEVERIN GUIRETTE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Doctor
of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "At
IMPROVED INHALING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists of a vessel fitted as hereafter explained, through
which air is to be drawn before being inhaled. This vessel is provided with
an inlet tube for the admission of air, and the mouth of this tube is covered by
one, two, or more loose cones or thimbles which fit over one another, and in
the crown of each of which is an aperture. The aperture in the lowest conc
is the largest, and in that next above it is smaller, and so on, the aperturo
being smallest in the top cone. By theso apertures the admission of air is
graduated according to the requirement of the particular case being treated.
There is also an outlet pipe from the vessel which opens into a tube terminating
in a mouth-piece, and of sufficient length to cause the condensation of any
condensible vapours before reaching the mouth of the patient. I prefer the
employment of loose perforated cones for regulating the admission of the air,
but other means of regulating may be adopted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES TO BE USED FOR PRESERVING LIFE AT SEA, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter John Colin Lang at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th May 1863.
I, WALTER JOHN COLIN LANG, of Kirkcudbright, Scotland, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES TO BE USED FOR PRESERVING LIFE AT SEA, AND
OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
I construct bags generally used by travellers, and known as "carpet bags,"
and other bags used for similar purposes, when made wholly or in part of
flexible material, with one or more air-proof chambers, made wholly or in part
of flexible air-proof material. These chambers or the chamber, when one only
is employed, may be filled with air at convenience, when required for the
purpose of a life preserver, suitablo valves being employed for the ingress and
egress of the air. The air-proof chambers may be affixed to the sides or bottom
of the bag, or may form the division itself that is generally used in carpet bags.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF METALLIC VESSELS OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS OR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Augustus Busch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
January 1863.
I, FREDERIC AUGUSTUS BUSCH, of Briton Ferry, South Wales, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF METALLIC VESSELS OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS OR
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows :-
This Invention consists in a new method of manufacturing metallic vessels
or receptacles of whatever form suitable for containing various liquids and
substances, and especially adapted for use by chemists and druggists. I
propose to form the vessels, whether in the form of bottles, jars, or otherwise,
of a base metal, such as iron, and to .immerse them in a bath or solution of
a noble metal, such as platinum, silver, or gold, bringing the poles of a
galvanic battery to bear upon the articles and upon plates of the desired noble
metal, whereby the plates will become dissolved, and the metal deposited on
the interior and exterior surface of the base metal, thus producing a surface
capable of withstanding oxydation and the effects of acid, salts, or solutions.
In some cases I propose to line or coat the vessels with a noble metal in the
form of foil or thin sheets, whereby a similar advantage will result.
By this Invention, not only may metallic vessels be used by chemists and
others in lieu of glass, but carboys may be made of metal capable of with-
standing the effects of sulphuric and nitric acids without the danger of
breakage at present so liable to occur by the use of glass.
AN Ix- PROVED INHALING APPARATUS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Severin Guirette at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th November 1863.
I, JOSEPH SEVERIN GUIRETTE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Doctor of
Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN Ix-
PROVED INHALING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists of a vessel fitted as hereafter explained, through
which air is to be drawn before being inhaled. This vessel is provided with
an inlet tube for the admission of air, and the mouth of this tube is covered
by one, two, or more loose cones or thimbles, which fit over one another, and
in the crown of each of which is an aperture. The aperture in the lowest cone
is the largest, and in that next above it is smaller, and so on, the aperture being
smallest in the top cone. By these apertures the admission of air is graduated
according to the requirement of the particular case being treated. There is
also an outlet pipe from the vessel which opens into a tube terminating in a
mouth-piece, and of sufficient length to cause the condensation of any con-
densible vapours before reaching the mouth of the patient. I prefer the
employment of loose perforated cones for regulating the admission of the air,
but other means of regulating may be adopted.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OP STOPPING HORSES BY MEANS OF PINCERS TO BE ATTACHED TO BITS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Balny at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th November
1863.
I, AUGUSTE BALNY, Florist, of 369, Rue Saint Denis, Paris, France, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OP STOPPING HORSES BY MEANS OF PINCERS TO BE ATTACHED TO BITS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the stopping and putting of runaway and
infuriated horses more immediately under the control and government of the
person riding or driving the same, and consists in fixing to an ordinary bit,
by means of screws marked in the accompanying Drawing D, D, and F, F,
the pincers marked A, A. These pincers are made of iron or any other
suitable material, and are not confined to any size or shape, but are made to
suit the size and shape of the horse's head to be acted upon; at the
end of the pincers are two loops B, B, through which the reins E pass, which
when pulled so act upon the pincers as to cause them to close and pinch the
nose of the horse. The elastic bands marked H, H, are fixed to the sides of
the bit and pinces to keep the latter open when not in use.
upper
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PICKERS FOR LOOMS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Oxley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th September
1863.
I, WILLIAM OXLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancester, Mill
Furnisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PICKERS FOR LOOMS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in forming pickers by enclosing buffalo hide or other
suitable substance between metal plates, rivetted or otherwise drawn together,
and which are provided with apertures, so as to present on each side a bare
surface of the hide or other such substance to act upon the shuttle, and the
picker may therefore be reversed when one side is worn out. The metal
plates I form by stamping or otherwise in one piece, which being bent round
forms a loop for the picking band, and I pierce them with holes through
which the guide rods pass.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING OR TIGHTENING THE CORDS OF BLIND AND OTHER ROLLERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thomas Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
July 1863.
I, WILLIAM THOMAS SMITH, of Dalston, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF SECURING OR TIGHTENING THE CORDS OF BLIND AND OTHER ROLLERS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in securing or tightening the cords of blind and
other rollers by means of an india-rubber or other elastic band, cord, or strap,
the upper part of which is secured to or passed over a bar fixed to a pulley,
round which the cord passes at bottom in the usual manner, and the lower
part of which is passed over or fastened to a hook or nail secured to the sash
or wall. Or, instead of passing the lower part of the band, cord, or strap over a
hook or nail, a ring may be attached to the band, cord, or strap, and form
the means of securing it to the hook or nail. The book or nail must bo
secured in such a position that the elastic band, cord, or strap will give the
necessary tension to the cord. By my Invention I am enabled to dispense
with the ordinary window rack.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING HAY, STRAW, OR OTHER SIMILAR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nathan Sington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th September
1863. A communication from abroad by Heinrich Pollack, of Hamburg.
I, NATHAN SINGTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,. Com-
mission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING HAY, STRAW,
OR OTHER SIMILAR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in the application and use of a vertical descending
knife or cutter to cut the material, which said knife is also caused to partake
of a diagonal course or movement in its descent; such combined motion may
be obtained by means of a crank in combination with radial bars or guiding
links. The bay, straw, "fodder," or other similar material to be cut, is
supplied to the cutter through a trough, being propelled either by means of
forks, by which it is held and propelled, or by means of fluted or star rollers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING NAVIGABLE VESSELS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hunter Holderness at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th October 1863.
I, THOMAS, HUNTER HOLDERNESS, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING NAVIGABLE VESSELS," to be as follows (that is
to say):―
This Invention has for its object an improved means for propelling
navigable vessels by means of atmospheric air ejected through suitable pipes
or passages formed in the stern or after part of the vessel, and opening out
below the water line, and consists in forcing a current or blast of air through
and from the said pipes or passages by means of any of the improved or
ordinary blast fans worked by a steam engine or other motive power. When
only a single blast fan is used, the current of air is conveyed therefrom through
a breeches pipe, as will be readily understood.
It is preferred to place the blast fan in such a position in the vessel
that the discharge pipes may be carried in as near an horizontal position as
possible. This mode of propelling is intended mainly to be used as an
auxillary propellor in light winds and calms by vessels which have a small
engine on board for loading and discharging cargo and working the ship's
tackle, which engine in that case is used to drive the fan blast. When found
desirable, the ejection air passages may be fitted with slide or cut-off valves, or
valves opening outwards, which will close by their own action when not acted
upon from the inner surface by the air blast.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PETTICOATS OR CRINOLINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th January 1863.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Edmond François Couturier, of Paris, France.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PETTICOATS OR CRINOLINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in making petticoats of linen, cotton, or other
material cut by preference on the bias, and made to set full at the back by
ribbons or strips of steel or other metal, the ends of which are connected to a
metal or other hoop carried all round, and forming the bottom of the petticoat.
With the exception of this bottom hoop, there are no hoops or rings round
the petticoat, the ribbons or strips of steel or other metal extend diagonally
from the hoop at the bottom of the petticoat on one side upwards and are
brought down diagonally, and secured to the hoop on the opposite side. The
petticoat may be made to open in front, and the sides secured by buttons or
other fastenings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGRAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th August 1863.-A communication from abroad by Armand
Mauchain, Manufacturer, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, Patent Agent, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France,
and 38, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ENGRAVING," communicated to me from abroad by Armand Mauchain,
Manufacturer, of Paris, in the Empire of France aforesaid, to be as follows,
that is to say:-
This Invention, communicated to me, consists in the production of designs
in relief, by means of a gelatinous or consistent substance, such as gum, paste,
oil, or varnish, on a plate made of a substance which may be easily reduced to
powder, such as plaster, whitening, or, preferably, chalk. For this purpose
the drawing is made in the ordinary way with a pen or other like instrument
one of the said gelatinous or consistent substances being substituted for that
ordinarily employed; the plate is next brushed, which operation has the effect
of hollowing out as the graver would do the parts of the surface not drawn
upon without damaging the drawing, which is protected by the matter in
which it is executed. The plate being then plunged in a solution of the
same gelatinous or consistent substance, so as to harden the hollowed parts
equally with those in relief, it may then be printed from in the ordinary way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS IN WHICH A CERTAIN DEGREE OF ELASTICITY IS REQUIRED
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Platt and William Richard-
son at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 30th December 1863.
We, JOHN PLATT, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, and WILLIAM RICHARDSON, of the same Place, Mechanical Engi-
neer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS IN WHICH A CERTAIN DEGREE OF
ELASTICITY IS REQUIRED," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in combining disintegrated hide or leather by means
of adhesive substances, and forming the same into rollers or cylinders. The
adhesive substance we at present propose is india-rubber, but we also con-
template the use of other cements. These rollers or cylinders are particularly
applicable for use in cotton gins, but may be applied to other purposes in
which similar conditions are necessary.