Improvements in Bullets for Small-arms and Machine Guns.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Lett, 30th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bullets for Small-arms and Machine Guns.
I EDUARD RUBIN Director of The Confederate Ammunition Factory Thun,
Switzerland, Major do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to bullets for rifles and machine guns and it has for its
object to prevent flattening of the nose of the bullet and consequent loss of penetrating
power to which ordinary lead bullets are subject on striking a hard unyielding
surface.
In order, however, that rifle bullets may be upset or expanded sufficiently to fill the
rifling of the barrel and thereby attain the desired precision of flight, it is necessary
that the cylindrical part of the bullet should be made of a metal, which is not too
hard to be upset or expanded.
These requirements are satisfied by the improved bullet of this invention, the nose
of which is sheathed with steel.
The operation of making the bullet is as follows:-Upon the end of a piece of hard
lead wire of a greater length and less diameter than the finished bullet is placed a
cup-shaped steel cap the edges of which are then closed inwards around the wire after
which the latter is upset or compressed longitudinally in dies in order to bring it to
the intended form of the bullet, the steel cap being at the same time brought to a
semi-ovoid form.
The steel cap is plated with nickel or other inoxidisable metal, to prevent rust, and
is wrapped in paper to prevent leading of the barrel.
Dated this 7th day of February 1890.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bullets for Small-arms and Machine Guns.
1, EDUARD RUBIN, Director of The Confederate Ammunition Factory, Thun,
Switzerland, Major, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to bullets for rifles and machine guns, and it has for its
object to prevent flattening of the nose of the bullet and consequent loss of penetrating
power to which ordinary lead bullets are subject on striking a hard unyielding
surface.
In order, however, that rifle bullets may be upset or expanded sufficiently to fill the
rifling of the barrel and thereby attain the desired precision of flight, it is necessary
that the cylindrical part of the bullet should be made of a metal which is not too hard
to be upset or expanded. These requirements are satisfied by the improved bullet of
this invention, the nose of which is sheathed with steel.
The operation of making the bullet is as follows-Üpon the end of a piece of hard
lead wire of a greater length and less diameter than the finished bullet is placed a
cup-shaped steel cap, the edges of which are then closed inwards around the wire after
which the latter is upset or compressed longitudinally in dies, in order to bring it to
the intended form of the bullet, the steel cap being at the same time brought to a
semi-ovoid form. The steel cap is plated with nickel or other inoxidisable metal to
D

page_text: prevent rust, and the bullet is wrapped in paper to prevent leading of the barrel.
Instead of wrapping the steel capped bullet in paper, it can be entirely cased in a
shell of a dactile, not easily oxidisable, material like copper nickel or an alloy
of both.
In Figures 1 to 6 of the accompanying drawings the mode of manufacturing the
bullet with paper wrapper is shewn in its several steps; A is the steel cap, B the body
of the lead bullet, and C (Figure 6) the paper wrapper. Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the
mode of manufacturing the steel-capped bullet with a metal shell; A is the steel cap,
.B the lead bullet, and C the metal shell.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;
A bullet having its nose sheathed with a steel cap A, substantially as specified.
Dated this 30th day of September 1890.
Dated this 30th day of September 1890.
EDUARD RUBIN.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.