A NEW PERPETUAL MOVING POWER
Year: 1797

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
VARLEY, of Damside, near Bolton-le-Moors, in the County Palatine of Lan-
caster, Merchant and Cotton Manufacturer, send greeting.
:
WHEREAS the King's most Excellent Majesty, by His Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the
Twenty-ninth day of May, in the thirty-seventh year of His reign, did give
and grant unto me, the said Richard Varley, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, His especial licence, that I, the said Richard Varley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, might make, use, exercise, and vend my Invention
of "A NEW PERPETUAL MOVING POWER," within that part of His said Majesty's
Kingdom of Great Britain called England, Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, for and during the term of years therein mentioned;
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if I, the said Richard
Varley, did not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, all liberties and advan-
tages whatsoever thereby granted should utterly cease, determine, and become
void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise not-
withstanding, as in and by the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto
had, may more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Varley, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and declare that the same is composed of the several particulars in the Plan
thereof hereunto annexed, and the following description thereof, that is to
say:
My Invention consists of a method of applying the weight of the atmo-
sphere upon a wheel in any other fluid, and by that means destroying its
spring or reaction, the manner of doing which I describe as follows, agreeable
to the Drawing annexed:-
A is a circular vessel, made of copper or any other substance, capable of
containing water, and covered with a top part so as to be perfectly air tight.
B is a wheel placed in the inside of the vessel, with its axle perpendicular,
the uppermost part of which comes thro' the top of the vessel, and is made to
work air-tight; the lower end runs in a step within the vessel, and no part of
the wheel is to touch the vessel but its axis. C is a cylinder placed firmly
upon the wheel. D is the piston, suspended by a chain to a strong spring fixed
on the wheel. This spring is to be made of such strength as that when the whole
'weight of the atmosphere is upon the piston the air will only move it about
one inch down. E is the tube leading from the axle, which is hollow from
the top to the level of the wheel, so as to admit the external air by this tube
to the piston D, which piston is a circular vessel, made air-tight, and exactly fits
the cylinder. There is a joint in the tube E at F, which is made air-tight by
leathers, so that when the piston descends the tube may give way to it. G is
a small tube leading from the bottom of the cylinder to the center of the
axle, and from thence brought out at the end of it, and by which the air is
extracted from the cylinder by means of an air pump, and a vacuum formed in
it. On the top part, or any other convenient place of the vessel, are fixed two
cylinders or tubes, of a proportional size to the cylinders on the wheel, one of
which is a condensing cylinder, by means of a screw and piston, and by which
the water in the vessel may be compressed; the other has its piston suspended
at the bottom, and the top part of the cylinder being filled with air, as the
other piston is screwed down this rises, and condenses the air in the cylinder,
the spring of which keeps the water in the vessel pressed to all parts alike; and
when the air is extracted from the cylinder C, and the piston D is forced down
by the external atmosphere into the cylinder, this pressure is continued, and
the condensed air expands in proportion, and prevents any tendency to a vacuum
being formed, which would cause a cohesion of all the parts. By this means
the external air is suspended upon the wheel by the chain, the same as a
weight, and the spring of the atmosphere being taken from the cylinder, there