Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Ozone.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 15th Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Ozone.
I, MARIUS OTTO, of 18, Avenue de Neuilly, Neuilly-sur-Seine, in the Republic
of France, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to an apparatus forming an ozonator which is easily
manipulated, readily transportable and capable of operating when connected
directly with a circuit for the distribution of electric light by means of either a
continuous or an alternating current.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figures 1 and 2 represent in front elevation and in longitudinal section
respectively, one form of such ozonator.
Figures 3 and 4 represent in elevation and half section and in longitudinal
section respectively a second form of these ozonators.
Each of these forms of apparatus is constituted essentially by a box A¹ provided
with two handles A2 (Figure 3) for facilitating the transport of the same, the
said box containing an ozonator N provided with movable electrodes, washing
bottles or vessels FF, a transformer, a dynamo D and a ventilator V. Exter
nally the box is provided with a switch M (Figures 2 and 4) serving to connect
the dynamo and the transformer with an electric conductor of any kind, and an
escape tube A for the mixture of air and ozone which is formed.
Supply indicators and accessory parts such as interruptors, rheostats and so
forth serve to complete the apparatus.
The ozonator properly so called which is utilized in the form of apparatus
shown in Figures 1 and 2 is constituted by a movable disc N provided with
pointed sectors; this disc is displaced in a cylindrical box Z of a very much
flattened form, upon the inner walls of which are fixed a series of conducting
blades P1 P2 P3 P4 These blades communicate with one of the poles S¹ of a
high tension transformer T; the movable disc is placed in relation with the
other pole S2 of the same transformer. When the pointed sectors of the movable
disc pass in front of the fixed sectors P1 P2 P3 P4. powerful effluvia pass and
the oxygen which is submitted to their action is partially transformed into ozone.
The ozone generator shown in Figures 3 and 4 is constituted by two con-
centric cylinders; the smaller of these consists of a series of rectangular
blades N N N³. studded with points; these blades are carried by two insulating
discs and are electrically connected one with the other. The outer cylinder is
of insulating material and is provided with a certain number of recesses within
which are arranged metallic sectors P1 P2 P³. . A circle of conducting
material electrically connects the whole of the fixed sectors. When the
apparatus is acting the central cylinder has imparted to it a movement of rotation ;
between the movable sectors N1 N2 N³. which are connected with the pole S¹
of a high tension transformer, and the fixed sectors P¹ P² P³.
which are
connected with the other pole S2 of the same transformer, effluvia pass which
transform the mass of air or of oxygen which they traverse into ozone.

page_text: In both modifications the object of providing one series of electrodes which are
capable of movement is to prevent the formation of dangerous short circuits and to
break them automatically in case such should accidentally be formed.
I utilise the oxygen of the atmosphere for the preparation of the ozone. This
air enters a first series of washing bottles or vessels F1 (Figure 1) where it is
brought into contact with sulphuric acid in order to free it from the moisture and
dust which it contains. The gaseous current is then subdivided into two parts,
following the path indicated by the arrows; one of them passes directly to the
outlet from the apparatus and the other enters the ozonator.
The ozone produced owing to the action of the effluvia upon the air is not
absolutely pure; it is accompanied by nitrous compounds. In order to free it
from these, it is washed in an alkaline solution contained in the series of bottles
or vessels F. This latter arrangement is of great importance; hitherto, when it
has been desired to obtain pure ozone, it has been found necessary to prepare
it from pure oxygen. In the case of a portable apparatus this method of operating
would give rise to numerous complications; these I obviate completely by pro-
ceeding in the manner which I have just described.
As regards the dynamo two cases may arise; the apparatus may be connected
up with a continuous current or with an alternating current.
If the current is continuous, the dynamo- D should perform at the same time
the office of motor and of alternating current generator. For this purpose the
armature is divided into two portions, the first being provided with a continuous
current collector serves as a motor, whilst the second, which is merely provided
with two rings, serves as a generator of alternating current; the two armatures
rotate in the same magnetic field.
If the current to be employed is an alternating current, the dynamo D is simply
an alternating current motor. It serves to operate the ventilator V and the
movable portion of the ozonator properly so called; this is clearly indicated in
the sectional view (Figure 2).
The purpose of the transformer represented at T (Figures 2 and 4) is to raise
the tension of the current entering the apparatus to a sufficient extent in order
that the effluvia may be produced in the ozonator. The primary terminals are
marked p p.
The ventilator serves to draw in air from the atmosphere and distribute it in
the apparatus; it is indicated at V. In the form shown in Figures 1 and 2
it is actuated by means of a pulley driven by the dynamo. Upon the front of the
apparatus (Figure 1) is fixed an indicator giving the number of revolutions and
the supply furnished by the ventilator.
The ventilator may, as in the form shown in Figures 3 and 4 be directly
actuated by the dynamo.
Two supply indicators I¹ 12 fixed in front of the apparatus Figure 1 enable
the relative proportions of pure air and of ozonated air which are furnished by
the apparatus to be ascertained at any moment.
The handle M, which operates a cock arranged upon the air conduit, enables
the supply of this latter to be varied. The handles M2 M3 act upon rheostats R
regulating the speed of the dynamo and consequently that of the ventilator.
The handle M¹ enables current to be switched into the transformer and con-
sequently starting the ozonator.
The orifices 002 through which the mixture of air and of ozone escapes, are
provided with tubes of appropriate form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
1. A portable apparatus enabling the utilisation for producing ozone of a
circuit for the distribution of electric light either with a continuous or an
5

page_text: alternating current and characterised by the combination of an ozonator provided
with movable electrodes with a transformer, a dynamo and a ventilator, sub-
stantially as described above and represented in the accompanying drawing.
2. In combination with a portable apparatus characterised as in the preceding
claim, an arrangement of washing bottles or vessels containing appropriate
products and enabling atmospheric air to be utilised in the said apparatus for
the production of pure ozone.
3. The apparatus characterised as described in the preceding Claims 1 and 2
and represented in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing.
4. The apparatus characterised as described in the Claims 1 and 2 and repre-
sented in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 10th day of August 1898
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.