Improvements in Framework Firelighters and Auxiliary Lighters, and the Machinery Employed in the Manufacture thereof.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 17th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 16th Mar.. 1898—Accepted, 4th June. 1898
Date of Application, 17th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 16th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 4th June. 1898
Improvements in Framework Firelighters and Auxiliary Lighters,
and the Machinery Employed in the Manufacture thereof.
I, ROBERT JOHN JONES, of 67, Queen's Road, Bootle, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in the formation and methods of making
framework firelighters and their auxiliary lighters, of the type where the strips
of wood which form the firelighter lay horizontally, and the section viewed endways
is raised from the flat, and it is intended to embrace the various forms referred to,
under the general term of “ cage or raised firelighters," in the Specification of my
Patent No. 14423 A.D. 1895. It also relates to improvements in the machinery
used in the making of framework firelighters, and their auxiliary lighters, such
improvements being, for the most part, in connection with the machinery described
in the aforementioned specification; and inasmuch as this specification, refers
largely to improvements in the means and methods described in 14423-1895, I
will use the same names, reference letters, and numbers, as are used therein, when
dealing with similar parts.
65
"2
86
I form and put together a cage or raised firelighter of the horizontal type without
having first tongued the strips of wood in position by means of inserting wires or
other metallic tongues as described in 14423-1895, and to do so I proceed as
follows:-referring for illustration of different parts named to Figs. 3 and 3 on
Sheet 1 of drawings accompanying that patent; though not binding myself to that
form alone. The two base "strips A are first of all secured to two or more
stretchers C" so as to form a framed base; and this framework is held together
by binding wires or pins or other of the contrivances of wires or tongues set forth
in a subsequent part of this specification--or, by dovetailing
strips A" and
stretchers C" together. The "stretchers" are made, in one or more parts, of a
form suitable for bearing the intermediate strips of wood in their proper position ;
so that, having secured a base and supports, the superstructure is raised or formed
thereon; the intermediate strips of wood being secured in position by means of
binding wires, pegs, pins, or other fastenings; or, as an alternative method, I so
shape the stretchers that the whole of strips rest in or against housings in
them, the whole being held together by binding wires, or by other of the means
set forth in this specification. By making the bottom edges of stretchers of a
concave or other hollowed form, and bringing the parts next the strips down below
the strips, I form legs to the lighter, and thereby improve the air circulation.
The stretchers can be made of wood, or, as an improvement, I make them of a
mixture of inflammable materials, and mould them to a suitable form; the latter
description when used, forming auxiliary lighters, and, as such, are applicable to
framework lighters of designs and of a description other than my own.
When moulding cakes to act as stretchers, I strengthen them, when requisite to

page_text: .
do so, by inserting pieces of wood or other hard material, at the parts or points
where any strain or stress comes upon them.
The improvements in machinery relate in the first place to the pressing machine;
the operative part of which is shewn in Fig. 7-Sheet 2 of drawings that accompany
Specification of 14423-1895 Patent. This machine is used for the purpose of
pressing the wires or other metallic tongues into the strips of wood, and the object
of these improvements is to make it act as a continuous one, so that the “forming
block J" instead of being a fixture, can pass through as one of a series, resting
only when between two "metallic blocks M M" for a period sufficient to have the
wires or other metallic tongues pressed in: this is effected by making the
"blocks M M" and "top-plates NN"-there being one M and one N on each side
of machine to open and shut in the manner of vices or cramps, so that when
the "forming block J," already supplied with strips to make one lighter, arrives
opposite blocks MM" and "top-plates NN," these "blocks" and "top-plates
being actuated by a suitable motion, close upon it, and cramp the strips endways
during the period two wires or tongues are being pressed in by "blades KK";
when this is accomplished "blocks M M" and top-plate "N N" move away from
ends of strips, and "forming block J" proceeds on its way, and makes room for
another forming block J"; and so the operations go on.
<
"
In order to ensure the wires or other metallic tongues always being in their
proper places on blocks M M" I insert in these blocks, or in proximity thereto,
either electro or permanent magnets, so that the wire or tongue on each block is
attracted to the proper position for "blades K K" coming in contact with them in
a suitable manner when the blades are moving forward for a pressing operation.
For the purpose of ensuring a bed for wire or tongue when any irregularity in
lengths of strips form gaps between the ends of them and face of "block M," I so
form the vertical face of "block M," that there is between each strip of wood a
projecting part of "block M" that supports the wire or tongue during the pressing
operation, thus enabling it to bridge over any gap or gaps caused by irregularities
in the lengths of the wood strips.
In this specification the word wire, where used, is, as is the case in Specifica-
tion 14423-1895, "to be taken as meaning wire or metallic tongues of any
section" suitable for the purposes herein described.
For feeding the wires to machine I use electro-magnets for picking the wires
from bulk, and delivering them as, and where, required; the magnets are attached
to a suitable moving part, the current being regulated by a self-acting switch or
contact breaker; so that, when the magnets are picking up and carrying, the
current is on, and when at the point of delivery it is off. I separate and regulate
delivery of one wire at each time by means of reciprocating needles, which work
in a to and fro and alternate manner. As a further improvement I take the wire
from the roll and feed it on to "block M," or to "plate O," cutting off each length
as required by a shearing attachment fixed at a convenient point. As a further
improvement the wires, instead of being cut off to "a length equal to the width of
a lighter" are cut off to lengths so as to give a sufficient overhang on outside of
each base "strip A," as will allow, when the lighter is bent to shape, of the ends
of each wire being twisted, or otherwise secured together, so that they act as binding
wires as well as tongues.
press cross
These
When the lighter is bent to shape, as an alternative to binding wires I
stretcher wires into ends of outer strips by means of a blade similar to "K."
stretcher wires may be plain straight wires, or may be tanged staplewise, and the
tangs pressed in. When for any reason it is considered requisite or desirable, I
use tanged or barbed wires for the purpose of holding the strips of wood in the
position and condition, for making a firelighter of the form described as a cage
or raised firelighter"; these tanged or barbed wires may be short ones of any
desired length, or in one length, as is the case in the tongueing wires, and the tangs
or barbs may be forced either into the ends, or the faces, of strips.
(6

page_text: For cutting "stretcher" pieces of a convex or concave form, I use a revolving
cylindrical saw or cutter with the teeth or cutters formed on the end of cylinder;
the wood or other material being held on a table with a feeding, and a to and fro
movement, or the cylindrical saw or cutter may have the necessary motion. As an
improvement in the making of composition lighters used as auxiliaries, I mould
them in moulds that have parting plates, that can, when the cake or cakes are
sufficiently cooled, be withdrawn through apertures provided: or as an alternative,
I mould the cakes in long lengths, of a section representing the stretcher in eleva-
tion; and slice them off to thickness by means of revolving or reciprocating saws
or knives, which are fed with a lubricant that prevents them heating, or sticking,
during the cutting off operation. The mechanical improvements, and, those
relating to auxiliary lighters and variously formed tongues and wires, can be used
in connection with frame work firelighters, of designs other than my own.
Dated this 16th day of June 1897.
Improvements in Framework Firelighters and Auxiliary Lighters,
and the Machinery Employed in the Manufacture thereof.
I, ROBERT JOHN JONES, of 67, Queen's Road, Bootle, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement: -
This invention relates to improvements in the formation and methods of making
framework firelighters--and their auxiliary lighters, of the type where the strips
of wood which form the firelighter lay horizontally, and the section, viewed endways,
is raised from the flat; and it is intended to embrace the various forms referred to,
under the general term of " cage or raised firelighters," in the Specification of my
Patent, A.D. 1895 No. 14,423. The methods of securing the strips of wood used
in making framework firelighters, by wires or other metallic tongues, being
also applicable, in the making of lighters other than those of my
own design. It also relates to improvements in the machinery used in the making
of framework firelighters generally, and their auxiliary lighters; and, inasmuch
as these improvements are to a considerable extent in connection with the machinery
and methods described in the aforementioned Specification of 14423-1895, and,
capable of being worked in combination therewith, I will as far as possible use the
same names, reference letters, and numbers, as are used therein, when dealing
with similar parts.
The invention will be best understood by referring to the accompanying drawings
and the matter describing the same; the descriptive matter being so far as possible,
confined to the improvements herein dealt with; avoiding repetition of what is
already in the Specification of 14,423,-1895.
In the descriptive matter, the single term "wire" is used for brevity's sake; and,
where used, is to be taken as meaning wire, or metallic tongues of any section
or description that can be used for holding together, or in position, the strips of
wood used in making framework firelighters in manner as herein described.
Figure 1 is a section shewing the operative part of one side of the pressing
machine, used for pressing the wires "B" into the wood strips "A"; an exact
counterpart of that shewn being on the left hand side, with its block "M" the same
distance from vertical centre line "C as block "M" is, as shewn in drawing;

page_text: thus completing the operative part of machine for pressing one wire into each of the
two ends of wood strips at one operation.
"
Figure 2 is a plan of so much of Fig. 1 as is required for descriptive purposes.
In Figures 1 and 2 the letter "A" marks the wood strips; "B" the wire pressed
in; "B" the reserve wire. "J" is the forming block; "K" is the blade for
forcing wire into wood strips; "L" is the sliding block that carries the blade "K."
"M" is the metallic block that receives the wire when it falls from "B" and it
forms also the underside of slit for passage of blade "K"; "N" is the top plate
which is hung to rise and fall, and forms with "M" a slit to keep the wire in
position when being pressed forward by blade "K"; it is affixed to and travels
with "L"; O" is the plate down which the wires are fed; "P" is the machine
table top; a to b thereon shews about the distance "L" travels; "R" in dotted
line shews a portion of lifting frame, attached to "L" by a joint, this carries "N"
and lifts it by means of a template when releasing wire "B"; "E" is the
"V" shaped trip plate, that, when level, or nearly so, receives the wire as shewn
at "B," and is tripped over at the right moment for delivery of wire on to "0" by
means of the pusher "F"; "G" is the slide that carries block M," thereby
enabling block "M"-which is secured to "G"-to slide to "M1"; "H" is a
roller attached to "G," and "I" is a suitably shaped cam, or wedge, that presses
its way against "H," and thereby opens G." "G" is brought back again by
a spring or weighted lever; it follows therefore, that when there is a similar "G"
and "M" on the left hand side of machine, that the wood strips are cramped and
held secure during the time a wire is being pressed into each of their two ends.-
m, m, m, m, m, shew how the block "M" is shaped, so that these parts form
carrying over pieces to sustain wire across any gaps that may be formed by the
lengths of strips being irregular. Top-plate "N" is recessed in a similar manner
so as to pair with M." "U"shews the magnets which are permanent ones,
but electro-magnets may be used, if desired. "V" shews a pin on forming
block "J" "W" is a lever with a slot in to seize on pin "V," and thereby
actuate "J" when the lever is moved on centre pin "X" by means of a cam or
equivalent contrivance at "Y"; or, the cam may be at "X" and the pin at "Y."
As shewn in Fig. 1, wires "B" have been pressed into strips "A," thereby
tongueing them together and forming a grid, and the rest of machine is in a
position, according therewith, and I now give the cycle of operations leading
thereto.
;
6:
66
65
66
When slide "L" and its counterpart opposite to it are traversed from a to b, and
slides "G" are opened so as to carry blocks "M" to position at M¹"
and, as a consequence, clear of strips at A-forming block "J"
and the grid on it, are free to slide away; at the same time, top
plates "N" are lifted and allow wires to drop from "B" on to the magnets "U"
in metallic block "M"; at this time also, trip plates "E" are allowed to rise to
position shewn by broken line with wire "B2" thereon. A forming block "J,"
having been filled with the strips that make one grid-their position being regulated
by snugs "J"-it is moved to its position between blocks "M, M"; on its arrival
there, slides "G" are allowed to close in, thereby causing blocks "M, M" to
cramp the two ends of wood strips; following this motion, the sliding blocks "L"
move inwards, and, at the same time, top plates "N" descend, upon the wire-held
in position by magnets on blocks "M"; blades "K" moving forward, push the
wires from over magnets and presses them forward through slits formed
between "M" and "N" until at the end of the stroke they have been pushed
into the strips as shewn in Fig. 1-a distance sufficient for securely tongueing
them together in the form of a grid.
When the sliding blocks "L" are moving inward, the pushers "F," which are
fast to them, push trip plates "E" over, and the wires at "B32" fall to position "B¹"
ready for the next operation.
The reciprocatory movements for the slides, and the working of cam motions

page_text: can be effected in many ways that are well-known to any skilled mechanic, there-
fore I do not deem it necessary to specify any particular methods of effecting these,
but content myself with pointing out such details as may, under some circum-
stances, be varied and enlarged upon, without departing from the essential features
of this invention; as instances, I give the following:-Instead of having one
"V" trip-plate "E" as shewn, I fix a series of them to a revolving band or creeper,
and, by a pawl movement advance one to proper position for tipping a wire at each
stroke of machine, or a series of them may be arranged in a circle so as to form a
bucket wheel which is moved round the proper distance at each stroke. The wires
may be cut to desired lengths ready, or may be taken from coils, and, by any suitable
shearing arrangements fixed to machine, be cut off at each stroke, and drop from
shears into "V" plates and thereby be fed on to plates "O" and blocks "M."
The wires can be fed by electro-magnets, but this I lay no claim to.
,,
The forming blocks "J' are traversed to and from position opposite blades-"K"
by a shuttle motion lever as shewn by "W" in Fig. 2, or its equivalent; or they
may be single blocks pushed along in succession; or they may be secured to a
horizontal revolving table and thereby pass round in a continuous circle, the table
stopping as each set of strips forming one grid come opposite to blades "K" for
a sufficient length of time to have the wires pressed in; or, a wheel revolving on
a horizontal axis may carry the blocks "J." As an alternative to slides "G" I
support blocks "M" on oscillating levers.
•
In the following description, which relates to the building up and methods of
forming lighters, I would have it understood that I do not limit myself to forms
or contour shewn, as the lighters can be made circular, semi-circular, square, oval,
ridge-shaped, elliptical, or any other form. "A" shews the wood strips, "B" the
wires or other metallic tongues or their equivalents, and "C" the stretchers; and,
inasmuch as the stretchers are intended, in all cases, to be held within the frame-
work of the lighters, I will in future, in order to make this clear, call them the
insets.
In Figs. 3 and 3 is shewn how I build a lighter by framing the insets to bottom
strips of wood, and forming housings in the insets to receive the other strips, the
whole being held together by a wire or wires being bound round the outside. By
forming the insets with a concave bottom edge and bringing the points down below
the bottom strips I obtain a free circulation of air; instead of dovetailing I can
trench the strips and let the insets fit in them; or, I can make the insets fit against
the two inner faces of bottom strips and pin them together; or, carry a double wire
around the two strips and across the space between and then twitch it up tight;
or, the insets may have housings that will receive all the strips as shewn in Fig. 9;
or the two bottom strips can be held tight to insets by stretcher wires as shewn
in Figs. 5 and 54, and in this connection I would state that I shall claim the com-
bining of any suitable methods or means which are part of this invention, so as to
build up a firelighter.
The insets shewn in one piece may be made up of several pieces, but I wish it to
be distinctly understood that I disclaim any plan of housing the wood strips into
housings that are formed by placing wood strips face to face at angles to each other,
thereby leaving a crutch or housing for strips to rest in; to illustrate clearly what
I disclaim I will assume two pieces of wood of an equal length secured to each other
in the centre of their length and width and brought at right angles to each other
so as to form a cross; this cross would at each of the crutches in the four angles
receive a strip of wood thereby making a square frame work firelighter; this mode
of procedure I disclaim.
Figs. 4 and 4 shew a lighter; the grid which forms it having been put together
by means of wires pressed in, but the wires used for this lighter have been cut to a
length that exceeds the width of the grid by so much at each side of it as will allow,
when the grid is bent to shape, of the wire ends being carried across the space

page_text: between the two bottom strips and being twisted together tight, thus making each
tongueing wire act also as a binding wire.
Figures 5 and 5 shews how, when grid is bent to shape I bind it to form and
stiffen it by means of cross stretcher wires, "B3" being pressed into ends by
blades "K" or their equivalents. These figures shew also how, in building a
lighter, I make use of longitudinal as well as transverse insets. These cross
stretcher wires may be pressed into ends of strips used in building any other form
of lighter, in which they can be used, for binding to form or stiffening them.
In Figs. 6 and 7 I show how by means of these stretcher wires being pressed in,
I secure and stiffen the strips of lighters, that are not bent sufficiently to admit
of insets for the purpose of supporting or stiffening them; and, when the section
of strips permit of two or more wires being pressed into each end, I secure and
stiffen a grid without it being bent, if so desired.
Fig. 8 shews how, by means of barbed or tanged wires or metallic strips, I hold
in position and secure the strips of a lighter; the barbs or tangs can be forced
into the face, as shewn, or they may be forced into the ends of strips; and they
may be full length wires, or put in in short lengths staplewise.
Figure 9. shews how the strips may all be housed in the insets and an outside
binding wire hold the whole together. Whatever form the lighters are made,
when desirable, I improve their lighting power by placing within the hollow inside,
auxiliary insets, their shape and position being regulated by the space available.
As an improvement--which is applicable to framework firelighters generally
I make a part or the whole of the insets held within each framework firelighter of
a composition of pitch, resin, tar, oil, dubbings, sawdust, cork or other materials
of an inflammable nature the proportions of ingredients being such as are generally
used in making composition lighters.
The composition is moulded or formed when in a plastic state to the form of
inset required; and when these insets are fixed within framework firelighters of
any design they act as auxiliary lighters; as is fully described with regard to my
peat auxiliaries in 14423-1895.
With respect to the foregoing I am aware that moulded cake or composition
lighters have been made, with pieces of wood attached to them; but I distinctly
disclaim any such arrangement, and confine my claim to the embracing within
framework firelighters--the outer casing of which is composed of strips of wood-
of the composition insets herein described.
Figs. 10 and 10 shew how, in cross cutting insets off, either from wood or com-
position, I form them convex and concave by the act of cross cutting only, thereby
saving any band or other sweep saw work. 10 is a hollow cylinder with saw teeth
formed on its lower end--or, the teeth may be replaced by cutters. From
section "d" in Fig. 10 it will be seen that when this cylinder is revolving at a
suitable speed it will cut off insets, convex on one end and concave on the other,
from pieces of wood or composition cakes of the width shewn from e to f, and of any
desired thickness. The revolving cylinder can be affixed to a lever or contrivance
that will give it a to and fro motion, or, the to and fro motion may be imparted to
the wood or composition from which the insets are being cut.
Fig. 11 shews how I mould composition insets on their edge with a parting plate
between each three of the parting plates are shewn in this longitudinal section as
in position when moulding, and are marked 9, 9, 9; and three parting
plates, g¹, g, g¹, are shewn in their position when withdrawn. At 11 I shew a
cross section of the mould, which may be made solid, or may be built in sections.
As an improvement in moulding insets-and more especially those moulded in long
lengths that are intended to be cut off afterwards into separate insets, I use a roller
of the required shape instead of the pressing plate "h" and by this means I can
traverse my moulds along on a movable or travelling table. C¹ in Figs. 11, 11,
and 11, shews my improved method of securing strong angles in composition
insets by inserting pieces of wood or of other hard substances so as to bear the

page_text: Stress or strain. Though my arrangements for moulding insets are primarily
intended to secure good flat and true beds for wood strips "A" to house in, it will
be obvious that they will equally apply to cakes or insets moulded flat ways.
When insets are moulded in long lengths of a section representing the elevation
of an inset I cut them off by means of a cutter wire or knife or saw, either of which,
when used, are kept properly lubricated to prevent sticking.
Fig. 12 shews how, with insets moulded to section "C" as shewn therein, I can
build up a firm square lighter, the strips "A" being held by means of a binding
wire, secured round the outside of them, or by other of the means of securing
strips that are described herein; the insets forming, not alone a constructive part,
but in addition, act as auxiliary lighters. The matter illustrating the possibilities
with a square frame work firelighter, as shewn in Fig. 12 being of equal application
to any other design.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In the machine used for pressing wires or tongues into the wood strips which
make the frame work of firelighters--hereafter called the pressing machine-see
Figs. 1 and 2; the arrangement of the metallic blocks
M"
or their equivalents in
such a manner that they have a sliding or oscillating motion by means of which they
are moved clear of forming block "J" and the strips therein when "J" is being
moved to or from its position opposite blades "K" the movement of block "J
being effected by the shuttle motion shewn, or, the blocks "J" pass through in a
continuous manner, each block stopping opposite blades for a period sufficient for
the wires to be pressed into the strips it contains.
2. In pressing machines, making each block "M" act as the jaw of a cramp, so
that when a set of strips are in position for having the wires pressed in, the jaws
will close and cramp the ends of the wood strips, thereby securing them firmly
during the time that the wires are being pressed in; the outward movement of
slides or levers, which carry blocks "M," is obtained by wedges or cams pressing
them open, and the inward cramping movement is secured by springs or weighted
levers or their equivalents.
3. In pressing machines, forming upon the metallic blocks "M," or attaching
thereto, carrying over pieces “m," thereby securing a bed for wires which enables
them to bridge over any gaps which may be caused by irregularies in the lengths
of wood strips, the top-plates "N" are recessed so as to pair with "M" and the
projecting pieces "m"; and, in order to ensure the wires being attracted to, and
held in their proper position on blocks "M" using permanent, or electro-magnets,
which are so placed that they attract, seize, and hold the wires in position until
blades "K" advance and press them through the slits formed between "M"
and "N" and eventually into the wood strips as far as may be desired.
4. In pressing machines, feeding the wires at the proper moment to hopper
plates "O" or to blocks "M" by means of single or continuous trip plates, which
receive the wires from shears or other source of supply and deliver them at each
stroke of machine, the trip plates being actuated by pawls or pushers; plates "0"
and magnets "U" being arranged so that when the wires leave the plate, the
magnets attract, seize, and hold them in proper position on blocks "M," until top
plates "N" descend upon the wires, and thereby form the slits through which
blades "K" work; this and the previous operations in connection with pressing
machine, being carried out in manner substantially as herein described.
5. The use of metallic wires or tongues of any suitable section or description
for the purpose of securing, by their insertion, the strips of wood which form the
framework or contour of firelighters in manner substantially as herein described.
6. In the formation and building up of framework firelighters, the use of insets
that have housings formed in them, or are so constructed of various pieces that

page_text: they will leave housings that will receive the strips of wood, so that when the strips
of wood are laid therein, and wires are bound tight around outside of strips, the
whole is held firmly together; and, when desirable, I frame the bottom strips and
insets together, thereby forming a base for the superstructure to be built upon, in
manner substantially as herein described.
7. The use of wires for tongueing that are of such a length exceeding the width
of the grid they are pressed into as will allow of them, when grid is bent to shape,
being brought across the opening between two bottom strips and twisted or other-
wise secured as shewn in Fig. 4-thereby making each wire act as a tongue and a
binding wire.
8. The use of stretcher and stiffening wires, which are pressed into ends of
strips, thereby tongueing, holding to form, and stiffening the lighters they are
pressed into in manner as shewn for example in Figs. 5, 5, 6 and 7.
9. The use of tanged or barbed wires, or tanged metallic strips of a suitable
section; the tangs or barbs being formed in manner and at a distance from each
other suitable for being forced into the faces or the ends of the wood strips which
make the framework of a firelighter; the wires or strips of metal being made in
long or short lengths as may be desirable.
10. The use of insets having a concave bottom edge, the sides of which insets are
brought down below the bottom edge of two bottom strips of wood as shewn in
Fig. 3; thereby securing air spaces; and, the cutting of these concave insets by
means of a cylinder saw or revolving cutter, as shewn in Figs. 10 and 10^; and the
making of any shape of inset by combining several pieces, which, when combined,
will make the inset into size and form required.
11. Improving the lighting power of my own or any other make of framework
firelighters, by making the insets-whether constructive or auxiliary--that are
placed within them, from a mixture composed of any inflammable materials
possessing cohesiveness that will when alight give off a body of flame, and, as a
consequence act as auxiliary lighters. The composition, when in a plastic state,
is moulded or formed to the size and shape required; and, when moulding insets,
using, when desirable, parting plates, loose framed moulds, and rollers for pressing,
in manner shown in Figs. 11, 11^, and 11" and described in connection therewith;
and strengthening moulded insets, when they require it, by inserting, as shewn,
pieces of wood or other hard material in manner substantially as herein described.
12. The use of any of the means and methods herein described, or as shewn in the
accompanying drawings, or any parts of them, either alone, or in combination, for
the purpose of making framework firelighters; and, embracing within framework
firelighters in general, composite insets-made from a mixture of inflammable
materials which act as auxiliary lighters and improve the lighting power; the
whole being carried out in manner substantially as herein described.
Dated this 12th day of March 1898.
ROBERT JOHN JONES.