A LUBRICATING COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL OR GREASE IN THE LUBRICATION OF MACHINES OR MACHINERY
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John James Lundy, of the Oil and Color Works,
.
Leith, near Edinburgh, North Britain, and 56, Leadenhall Street, in
the City of London, Color, Varnish, and Grease Manufacturer, and
Oil Refiner, for the Invention of "A LUBRICATING COMPOUND TO BE
USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL OR GREASE IN THE LUBRICATION OF MACHINES
OR MACHINERY,"
Sealed the 20th March 1874, and dated the 23rd September 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Lundy
t
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
.
on the 23rd September 1873.
I, JOHN JAMES LUNDY, of the Oil and Color Works, Leith, near
Edinburgh, North Britain, and 56, Leadenhall Street, in the City of
London, Color, Varnish, and Grease Manufacturer, and Oil Refiner, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "A LUBRICATING
COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL OR GREASE IN THE LUBRICATION
OF MACHINES OR MACHINERY," to be as follows:-

page_text: grease, or other lubricants used in the lubrication of the machines or
machinery whereby they are manufactured, spun, woven, sewn,
embroidered, or otherwise treated.
Now the object of the present Invention is to produce a lubricating
material compound or emulsion which by the application of soap and
water, or water alone, either hot or cold can be readily removed from
the article or fabric which would have been otherwise soiled or damaged
by the lubricant used for lubricating the machines or machinery engaged
in its manufacture or treatment. This lubricating compound I prepare
by the saponification, or the partial saponification of gallipoli, olive, or
any other saponifiable oil, or of any other suitable saponifiable oil or oils,
or fatty or sesinous substance or substances capable of being saponified,
or of being partially saponified by means of a caustic or other alkali or
alkaline substance, so that it can be removed from any article that has
become spotted or soiled therewith, by means of hot or cold water with
or without the addition of soap or other detergent material without
injury thereto.
In preparing the said lubricating compound I by preference saponify
gallipoli, olive, or any other saponifiable oil with a solution of a hydrated
oxide of sodium Na O or Na HO, commonly known as caustic soda, and
I obtain good results from the mixture of one-eighth part of a gallon of
a solution of caustic soda of 60 per cent. in water, marking 69 degrees
Twaddell, or of a specific gravity of 1.345 to from 4 to 8 gallons of hot
or cold water, and afterwards adding to and simply stirring therein one
gallon of olive oil; but I do not confine myself to these proportions of
oil, of water, or of caustic soda, neither do I confine myself to the use of
caustic soda, as other caustic alkalies or alkaline substances may be
employed; nor do I confine myself to the use of olive oil, as other
saponifiable oils or fatty or resinous matters may be successfully used,
separately or combined, depending upon the speed, kind, or size of the
machinery it is to be used for lubricating, or the articles in course of
being manufactured or treated; neither do I confine myself to any
special kind or kinds of machinery it is to be used upon.
The essential feature of this Invention is the use and application of
saponified or partially saponified oil or oils, or other fatty or resinous
matters, singly or combined, by means of a caustic or of other alkali,
alkalies, or alkaline substances in the form of an emulsion without

page_text: separating therefrom the leys or glycerine so as to form a lubricating
fluid as a substitute for oil, grease, or any other lubricant at present
employed for machines or machinery; this improved lubricant having
the advantage of being capable of being removed by means of hot or cold
water with or without the aid of soap or other detergent material from
the fabrics or other articles being manufactured or treated, or of being
capable of being removed from the machinery or woodwork, or from
other parts of the manufactury which now become saturated with oil or
grease, and thereby rendering them more liable to take fire.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John James Lundy in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th March 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JAMES LUNDY, of the Oil and Color Works, Leith, near Edinburgh,
North Britain, and 56, Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Color,
Varnish, and Grease Manufacturer, and Oil Refiner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said John James Lundy, Her
special license that I, the said John James Lundy, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John James
Lundy, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A LUBRICATING COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL OR GREASE IN
THE LUBRICATION OF MACHINES OR MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John James Lundy, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same

page_text: to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John James Lundy, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:—
Hitherto it has been found that many articles but especially textile or
other fabrics and garments are frequently injured or spoiled by the oil,
grease, or other lubricants used in the lubrication of the machines or
machinery whereby they are carded, spun, woven, sewn, embroidered,
manufactured, or otherwise treated.
Now. the objects of the present Invention are to produce a lubricating
material, compound, or emulsion, which by the application of soap and
water or water alone, either hot or cold, can be readily removed from
the article or fabric which would have been otherwise soiled or damaged
by the lubricant used for lubricating the machines or machinery
employed in its manufacture or treatment, or lubricating the material
itself. This lubricating compound I prepare by the saponification or
the partial saponification of gallipoli, olive, or any other saponifiable oil,
or of any other suitable saponifiable oil or oils, or fatty or resinous
substance or substances capable of being saponified, or of being partially
saponified by means of a caustic or other alkaline substance so that it
can be removed from any article that has become spotted or soiled
therewith by means of hot or cold water with or without the addition of
soap or other detergent material without injury thereto.
In preparing the said lubricating compound I by preference saponify
gallipoli, olive, or any other saponifiable oil with a solution of a hydrated
oxide of sodium Na O or Na HO, commonly known as caustic soda, and
I obtain good results from the mixture of one-eighth part of a gallon of
a solution of caustic soda of 60% in water, marking 69° Twaddell, or of
a specific gravity of 1.345 to from 2 to 8 gallons of hot or cold water,
and afterwards adding to and simply stirring therein one gallon of olive
oil.
In cases where it is preferable to add more glycerine to the emulsion
than that separated from the oil or fatty substances used by the action of
the alkali. then by preference I add clweaning which man

page_text: have been previously purified to the weaker solution of caustic soda
before adding the oil, and I find good results in some cases from adding
about the same quantity of glycerine, as I use of the stronger solution of
caustic soda, except in cases where the water used is less than three
gallons of water to one of oil, in which case I sometimes find it pre-
ferable to use only half the quantity of the stronger solution of caustic
soda marking 69° Twaddell.
In some cases I also add to the emulsion a solution of tungstate of
soda, silicate of soda, phosphate of soda, chloride of magnesium, or a
mixture of one or more of them; or of any other fire arresting substance,
salt, salts, or compounds, which whilst not separating the resulting
emulsion shall assist in arresting spontaneous combustion act as non-
conductors of heat or electricity, or aid in a manner to arrest fire arising
from other causes than spontaneous ignition, in a manner similar to that
described in Letters Patent granted to me 25th October 1870, No, 2810,
but I do not confine myself to these proportions of caustic soda, water,
glycerine, or oil, neither do I confine myself to the use of caustic soda
as other caustic alkalies or alkaline substances may be employed; nor
do I confine myself to the use of caustic soda of any particular per-
centage, as other strengths may be used and regulated in proportion to
the water or oil; nor do I confine myself to the use of olive oil, as other
saponifiable oils or fatty or resinous matters may be successfully used
separately or combined, depending upon the speed, kind, or size of the
machinery it is to be used for lubricating, or the articles in course of
being manufactured or treated; neither do I confine myself to any
special kind or kinds of machinery it is to be used upon.
The essential feature of this part of the Invention is the use and
application of saponified or partially saponified oil or oils, or other fatty
or resinous matters, singly or combined, by means of a caustic, or of
other alkali, alkalies, or alkaline substances, with or without the addition
of glycerine, in the form of an emulsion, without separating the glycerine
originally in the oil or fatty substance which may have been used, or
the leys therefrom, so as to form an emulsion or lubricating fluid to be
used as a substitute for oil, grease, or any other lubricant at present
employed for machines or machinery; this improved lubricant having
the advantage when made with a sufficient saponification of the oil or
fatty substance used of being capable of being removed by means of hot
or cold water, with or without the aid of soap or other detergent

page_text: material, and in any case more readily from the fabrics or other articles
being manufactured or treated, or of being capable of being removed
from the machinery or woodwork, or from other parts of the manufactory
which now become saturated with oil or grease, which thereby renders
them more liable to take fire, and when on fire more difficult to
extinguish.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is, or may be used,
or carried into effect, I would observe in conlusion that what I consider
to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the production
and use of a lubricating compound obtained by and resulting from the
entire or partial saponification of gallipoli or other oils, fats, or resins by
the employment of an alkaline solution capable of effecting saponification,
in the manner and for the purposes herein-before mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said John James Lundy, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of
March, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
JOHN JAMES LUNDY. (L.S.)