Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 13th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 5th July, 1887.
I, STANLEY CHARLES CUTHBERT CURRIE of No. 75 Jermyn Street in the County of
Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
My invention relates to an instrument for measuring the electricity passing through
a circuit, this instrument being arranged to act either as a Conlomb Meter, to measure
the current, or as a Watt Meter to measure the work due to the current. For this
purpose, I employ an electro-dynamic machine the armature of which is caused to
revolve by the current to be measured or by a known fraction of it. To the revolution
On a
of the armature I oppose an adjustable resistance in the following manner.
horizontal axis, which may be that of the armature or may be an axis geared to it, I
fix a hollow drum containing a quantity of mercury which may be made more or less
according as more or less resistance is required. This mercury, tending always to
remain in the lowest part of the revolving drum, acts as a brake retarding its
revolution. By means of a counter worked by the machine the number of revolutions
in a given time may be registered.
A simple form of electro-dynamic machine, suitable for the purpose of a meter,
consists of a coil of wire which forms part of the circuit and another coil fixed on an
axis extending across the former coil, the latter coil being free to revolve within the
former. The wire of the inner coil is connected to a commutator on the axis against
which bear rubbers or brushes connected in a shunt to the main circuit. This
commutator is set on the axis in such a position relatively to the inner coil that the
current in this coil is alternated so as to cause its continuous revolution by the

page_text: attraction and repulsion exerted between it and the fixed coil. When both coils are
of low resistance the number of revolutions will be proportional to the current and
the instrument will act as a Conlomb Meter. By making the inner coil of high
resistance and connecting it directly to the terminals of the electric generator while
the main current passes through the outer stationary coil, the number of revolutions
will be as the current multiplied by the electro-motive force, and the instrument will
act as a Watt Meter. It is of advantage to make the side of the mercury drum of
glass so that the mercury can be seen within it, the rise of the mercury up one part of
the circumference giving a rough indication of the speed.
Dated this 12th dov of Lulu, 100€
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I STANLEY CHARLES CUTHBERT CURRIE of No. 75 St. Jermyn Street Piccadilly
West in the County of Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention relates to an instrument for measuring the electricity passing through
a circuit, this instrument being arranged to act either as a Coulomb Meter, to measure
the current, or as a Watt Meter to measure the work due to the current. For this
purpose I employ an electro dynamic machine the armature of which is caused to
revolve by the current to be measured or by a known fraction of it. To the revolution
of the armature I oppose an adjustable resistance in the following manner.
On a
horizontal axis, which may be that of the armature or may be an axis geared to it,
I fix a hollow drum containing a quantity of mercury which may be made more or
less according as more or less resistance is required. This mercury, tending always
to remain in the lowest part of the revolving drum, acts as a brake retarding its
revolution. By means of a counter worked by the machine the number of revolutions
in a given time may be registered.
A simple form of electro-dynamic machine suitable for the purpose of a meter
consists of a coil of wire which forms part of the circuit and another coil fixed on an
axis extending across the former coil, the latter coil being free to revolve within the
former. The wire of the inner coil is connected to a commutator on the axis against
which bear rubbers or brushes connected in a shunt to the main circuit. This
commutator is set on the axis in such a position relatively to the inner coil that the
current in this coil is alternated so as to cause its continuous revolution by the
attraction and repulsion exerted between it and the fixed coil. When both coils are
of low resistance the number of revolutions will be proportional to the current and
the instrument will act as a Coulomb meter. By making the inner coil of high
resistance and connecting it directly to the terminals of the electric generator while
the main current passes through the outer stationary coil the number of revolutions
will be as the current multiplied by the electromotive force, and the instrument will
act as a Watt meter. It is of advantage to make the side of the mercury drum of
glass so that the mercury can be seen within it, the rise of the mercury up one part
of the circumference giving a rough indication of the speed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

page_text: prefer to use one without iron cores and of the construction illustrated in the
Drawings and described below.
A hollow sphere is made in two halves E and E¹ joined by dowel pins e², e² and
placed on a spindle F which drives it by means of the brass piece f¹. In this sphere
two pairs of grooves gg g¹g¹ are turned parallel to planes containing the axis of the
spindle but the plane of one pair of grooves is at right angles to the plane of the other
pair. In these grooves coils of fine wire 939 are wound and the separate coils of each
pair connected in series or parallel as desired so that the wires g³ together form one
complete coil and the wires g¹ form a second complete coil leaving therefore four free
ends which are attached to an ordinary four part commutator arranged on the outside
face of a wooden drum h. The groove g¹g must be deepened at each end of the
spindle to allow of one pair of coils passing under the other pair where they cross.
This commutator is attached to the shaft by the flanged metal disc h². KK are
bearings supporting the spindle. Two thick wire coils LL are wound in circular
cases and connected to terminals 12 one of which is shewn. The coil cases are
held in position by vertical bolts and distance pieces 14. These bolts and the
bearings are placed on a metal casting m² fixed on a wooden base M.
The counting registering mechanism may be of any well known or other convenient
form. The one shewn consists of a series of pinions c¹ c¹ and toothed wheels c² c²
whereby the number of revolutions is registered by a pointer c³ moving round a dial
€3
engraved on or attached to the plate c². When each pinion has ten teeth and each
wheel one hundred teeth one revolution of the pointer c³ registers one hundred
revolutions of the motor armature. The number of pinions and wheels may be
continued indefinitely as required to register thousands, tens of thousands, &c.
The drum B consists of a metal cylindrical case 6¹ with a central boss 62 and a
glass front 63 fixed in and made tight by suitable cement 6* to retain the mercury N.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First: An adjustable resistance consisting of a drum containing mercury and
attached to a horizontal spindle substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly -A motor without iron having a spherical armature and circular field
coils substantially as described and illustrated.
Thirdly-The combination of claims one and two substantially as described and
illustrated.
Fourthly: The combination of claim one with a counting or registering mechanism
as described and illustrated.
Fifthly: The combination of claims one and two with a counting mechanism as
described and illustrated.

page_text: I, STANLEY CHARLES CUTHBERT CURRIE of No. 75 Jermyn Street in the County of
Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
My invention relates to an instrument for measuring the electricity passing through
a circuit, this instrument being arranged to act either as a Conlomb Meter, to measure
the current, or as a Watt Meter to measure the work due to the current. For this
purpose, I employ an electro-dynamic machine the armature of which is caused to
revolve by the current to be measured or by a known fraction of it. To the revolution
of the armature I oppose an adjustable resistance in the following manner.
On a
horizontal axis, which may be that of the armature or may be an axis geared to it, I
fix a hollow drum containing a quantity of mercury which may be made more or less
according as more or less resistance is required. This mercury, tending always to
remain in the lowest part of the revolving drum, acts as a brake retarding its
revolution. By means of a counter worked by the machine the number of revolutions
in a given time may be registered.
A simple form of electro-dynamic machine, suitable for the purpose of a meter,
consists of a coil of wire which forms part of the circuit and another coil fixed on an
axis extending across the former coil, the latter coil being free to revolve within the
former. The wire of the inner coil is connected to a commutator on the axis against
which bear rubbers or brushes connected in a shunt to the main circuit. This
commutator is set on the axis in such a position relatively to the inner coil that the
current in this coil is alternated so as to cause its continuous revolution by the

page_text: When both coils are
attraction and repulsion exerted between it and the fixed coil.
of low resistance the number of revolutions will be proportional to the current and
the instrument will act as a Conlomb Meter. By making the inner coil of high
resistance and connecting it directly to the terminals of the electric generator while
the main current passes through the outer stationary coil, the number of revolutions
will be as the current multiplied by the electro-motive force, and the instrument will
act as a Watt Meter. It is of advantage to make the side of the mercury drum of
glass so that the mercury can be seen within it, the rise of the mercury up one part of
the circumference giving a rough indication of the speed.
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I STANLEY CHARLES CUTHBERT CURRIE of No. 75 St. Jermyn Street Piccadilly
West in the County of Middlesex Gentleman do declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention relates to an instrument for measuring the electricity passing through
a circuit, this instrument being arranged to act either as a Coulomb Meter, to measure
the current, or as a Watt Meter to measure the work due to the current. For this
purpose I employ an electro dynamic machine the armature of which is caused to
revolve by the current to be measured or by a known fraction of it. To the revolution
of the armature I oppose an adjustable resistance in the following manner. On a
horizontal axis, which may be that of the armature or may be an axis geared to it,
I fix a hollow drum containing a quantity of mercury which may be made more or
less according as more or less resistance is required. This mercury, tending always
to remain in the lowest part of the revolving drum, acts as a brake retarding its
revolution. By means of a counter worked by the machine the number of revolutions
in a given time may be registered.
A simple form of electro-dynamic machine suitable for the purpose of a meter
consists of a coil of wire which forms part of the circuit and another coil fixed on an
axis extending across the former coil, the latter coil being free to revolve within the
former. The wire of the inner coil is connected to a commutator on the axis against
which bear rubbers or brushes connected in a shunt to the main circuit. This
commutator is set on the axis in such a position relatively to the inner coil that the
current in this coil is alternated so as to cause its continuous revolution by the
attraction and repulsion exerted between it and the fixed coil. When both coils are
of low resistance the number of revolutions will be proportional to the current and
the instrument will act as a Coulomb meter. By making the inner coil of high
resistance and connecting it directly to the terminals of the electric generator while
the main current passes through the outer stationary coil the number of revolutions
will be as the current multiplied by the electromotive force, and the instrument. will
act as a Watt meter. It is of advantage to make the side of the mercury drum of
glass so that the mercury can be seen within it, the rise of the mercury up one part
of the circumference giving a rough indication of the speed.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the apparatus I employ. It consists of a motor A a
35 drum B containing mercury and a registering mechanism C part only of which is
shewn.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the Drum B and Fig. 3 is a cross section through the
centre of the motor. I do not limit myself to any particular form of motor but I

page_text: prefer to use one without iron cores and of the construction illustrated in the
Drawings and described below.
A hollow sphere is made in two halves E and E¹ joined by dowel pins e², e² and
placed on a spindle F which drives it by means of the brass piece f¹. In this sphere
two pairs of grooves g g g¹ g¹ are turned parallel to planes containing the axis of the
spindle but the plane of one pair of grooves is at right angles to the plane of the other
pair. In these grooves coils of fine wire g³g are wound and the separate coils of each
pair connected in series or parallel as desired so that the wires g³ together form one
complete coil and the wires g form a second complete coil leaving therefore four free
ends which are attached to an ordinary four part commutator arranged on the outside
face of a wooden drum h. The groove g¹ g¹ must be deepened at each end of the
spindle to allow of one pair of coils passing under the other pair where they cross.
This commutator is attached to the shaft by the flanged metal disc h¹.
K K are
bearings supporting the spindle. Two thick wire coils L L are wound in circular
cases and connected to terminals 12 one of which is shewn. The coil cases are
held in position by vertical bolts 13 and distance pieces 14. These bolts and the
bearings are placed on a metal casting m¹ fixed on a wooden base M.
The counting registering mechanism may be of any well known or other convenient
form. The one shewn consists of a series of pinions c¹ c¹ and toothed wheels c² c²
whereby the number of revolutions is registered by a pointer c³ moving round a dial
engraved on or attached to the plate 4. When each pinion has ten teeth and each
wheel one hundred teeth one revolution of the pointer c³ registers one hundred
revolutions of the motor armature. The number of pinions and wheels may be
continued indefinitely as required to register thousands, tens of thousands, &c.
The drum B consists of a metal cylindrical case 61 with a central hoss 62 and a
glass front b³ fixed in and made tight by suitable cement 64 to retain the mercury N
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First An adjustable resistance consisting of a drum containing mercury and
attached to a horizontal spindle substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly: A motor without iron having a spherical armature and circular field*
coils substantially as described and illustrated.
Thirdly -The combination of claims one and two substantially as described and
illustrated.
Fourthly The combination of claim one with a counting or registering mechanism
as described and illustrated.
Fifthly The combination of claims one and two with a counting mechanism as
described and illustrated.