Improvements in or conneeted with Gas Lamps or Burners.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in or conneeted with Gas Lamps or Burners.
I, ARTHUR THOMAS METCALF JOHNSON, of No. 109, Calabria Road, Highbury,
in the County of Middlesex, Retired Civil Servant, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with gas lamps or burners
and has for its object to obtain a circular or Argand flame and to conduct to the
inner and outer walls of the flame a supply of air in such manner that more per-
fect combustion and therefore a more brilliant flame will be obtained without any
increase in the consumption of gas.
The burner is formed with a hollow cylindrical casing the space between the
two walls being closed at the bottom and in the lower part of this casing are a
number of studs or rests constituting a seat for the chimney, and, when desired, a
gallery may be provided to support a globe.
The chimney closely fits the interior face of the outer wall of the cylindrical
casing, which. between the before mentioned studs or rests and below the lower
end of the chimney is provided with circumferential slots to admit a supply
of air to the exterior of the burner.
The cylindrical casing is fixed with a hollow stem or boss which at its lower
end is furnished with a threaded nipple adapted to screw into any existing gas
fitting and at its upper end, which is closed is provided with a deflecting button.
Around the upper part of the stem or boss is arranged an annular chamber
which is supported upon the upper ends of pipes or conduits with the bore of which
it communicates and the lower ends of the said pipes or conduits are fixed with
the tubular stem and communicate with the bore thereof.
The annular chamber is formed with an enlargement and a seat, upon which
seat is dropped a hollow nipple formed of steatite or other refractory material.
The said nipple is at its lower part open to the annular chamber and at its upper
part is formed with a ring of perforations through which the gas issues, as will
be readily understood, whilst beneath the nipple and within the annular
chamber is arranged a gas distributor consisting of a ring of wire gauze or per
forated metal or several of such rings might be employed.
The gas issuing from the perforations, when ignited, forms an annular beit
of flame which creates a rapid draught of air through the burner, one current
passes through the length of the enclosed air way formed by the cylindrical
casing to the interior of the burner where it is caused, by the button head of
the hollow stem, to impinge upon the inner wall of the flame at or near the point
of ignition, whilst the air, which passes through the slots in the cylindrical
casing, passes up through the latter and the space between the chimney and the
burner to the exterior of the flame, and these currents of air thus promote or
induce rapid combustion.
By the means herein before described, an Argand burner is rendered much
more efficient and caused to give a brilliant, white and steady light without

page_text: materially increasing the expenditure of gas and without having recourse to
incandescent mantles.
Dated this 9th day of February 1898.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
i
.I, ARTHUR THOMAS METCALF JOHNSON, of No. 109, Calabria Road, Highbury,
in the County of Middlesex, Retired Civil Servant, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:_
My said. invention relates to improvements in or connected with gas lamps or
burners, and has for its object to obtain a circular or Argand flame and to con-
duct to the inner and outer walls of the flame a supply of air in such manner that
more perfect combustion and therefore a more brilliant flame will be obtained.
without any increase in the consumption of gas.
The burner is formed with a hollow cylindrical casing, the space between the
two walls being closed at the bottom and in the lower part of this casing are a
number of studs or rests constituting a seat for the chimney, and when desired a
gallery may be provided to support a globe.
The chimney closely fits the interior face of the outer wall of the cylindrical
casing which, between the before mentioned studs or rests and below the lower
end of the chimney, is provided with circumferential slots to admit a supply
of air to the exterior of the burner.
The cylindrical casing is fixed with a hollow stem or boss which at its lower
end is furnished with a threaded nipple adapted to screw into any existing gas
fitting and at its upper end which is closed is provided with a deflecting button.
Around the upper part of the stem or boss is arranged an annular chamber
which is supported upon the upper ends of pipes or conduits with the bore of which
it communicates and the lower ends of the said pipes or conduits are fixed with
the tubular stem and communicate with the bore thereof.
The annular chamber is formed with an enlargement and a seat, upon which
seat is dropped a hollow nipple formed of steatite or other refractory material.
The said nipple is at its lower part open to the annular chamber and at its upper
part is formed with a ring of perforations through which the gas issues, as will
be readily understood, whilst, beneath the nipple and within the annular
chamber, is arranged a gas distributor consisting of a ring of wire gauze or per-
forated metal or several of such rings might be employed.
The gas issuing from the perforations when ignited, forms an annular belt
of flame which creates a rapid draught of air through the burner, one current
passes through the length of the enclosed air way formed by the cylindrical
casing to the interior of the burner where it is caused by the button head of
the hollow stem to impinge upon the inner wall of the flame at or near the point
of ignition, whilst the air, which passes through the slots in the cylindrical
casing, passes up through the latter and the space between the chimney and the
burner to the exterior of the flame and these currents of air thus promote or
induce rapid combustion.
And, in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an elevation representing a gas burner constructed according to
the present invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 3.
Figure 3 is a plan thereof, but with the gallery removed.
Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 3, but with the nipple of the burner
removed.
Figure 5 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 2, and looking
from below, and,
Figure 6 is a similar view, taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
a represents a cylindrical casing, formed with several studs or rests a¹ con-
stituting a seat for the chimney c, whilst a gallery a² is provided to support a
globe, when desired.
The chimney closely fits the outer wall of the cylindrical casing a which,
between the studs or rests a¹, is provided with circumferential slots a* to admit
a supply of air beneath the lower end of the chimney to the interior thereof, and
exterior of the burner.
The cylindrical casing a is fixed with a hollow stem or boss b, which at its
lower end is furnished with a threaded nipple b¹ adapted to screw into any existing
gas fitting and, at its upper end, is provided with a deflecting button 68.
Around the upper part of the stem or boss b is arranged an annular chamber 1.3
which is supported upon the upper ends of pipes or conduits with the bore of
which it communicates, and the lower ends of the pipes or conduits 6* are fixed
with the tubular stem b and communicate with the bore thereof.
The annular chamber is formed with an enlargement and a seat at 65, and
on this seat 65 is dropped a hollow nipple 66 formed of steatite or other refractory
material which at its lower part, is open to the chamber and, at its upper part
is formed with a ring of perforations 66* through which the gas issues as is well
understood, whilst beneath the nipple 6 and within the seat 65 is arranged a gas
distributor consisting of a ring of wire gauze or perforated metal 67, or several
of such rings might be employed, if desired.
The gas issuing from the perforations 66* when ignited, forms an annular belt
of flame which creates a rapid draught of air through the burner and these
currents pass through the length of the enclosed air way formed by the cylinder a,
in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figure 2, and the air passing to the
interior of the burner is, by the button head 2, caused to impinge upon the
inner wall of the flame at or near the point of ignition whilst the air which passes
outside the chamber is conducted in close contact with the outer wall of said
flame and the currents of air thus promote or induce rapid combustion.
By the means herein before described, an Argand burner is rendered much
more efficient and caused to give a brilliant, white and steady light without
materially increasing the expenditure of gas, and without having recourse to
incandescent mantles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a gas lamp, the combination of a cylindrical casing formed with inner
and outer walls, against the interior of the outer one of which closely fits the
chimney, several studs or rests located within the wall and constituting a seat
for the chimney, circumferential slots in the outer wall of the cylindrical casing
arranged between the studs, a central hollow stem fixed with the cylindrical

page_text: casing, and adapted to be connected with the gas supply pipe, an annular chamber.
formed with a seat to receive a nipple and supported by pipes or conduits from the.
hollow stem, a short distance from the cylindrical casing, so as to leave a space
between the parts, a nipple fitted to the seat, a wire gauze gas distributor placed
within the annular chamber, a deflecting button carried by the stem and a cylin-
drical chimney carried by the seat of the cylindrical casing, the parts being so.
arranged as to leave lengthened air ways up through the inside of the burner
and around the outside of the annular chamber and nipple, substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. In an Argand burner of the character referred to in the preceding claim, a
chimney holder, consisting of a long cylindrical casing, extending some distance
below the nipple of the burner and a chimney closely fitting the holder with air
ways through the cylindrical casing and between the chimney and the annular
chamber and nipple, substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 9th day of November 1898.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.