IMPROVEMENTS IN SHAPING METALS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Phillips, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SHAPING METALS."
Sealed the 23rd November 1858, and dated the 29th September 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Phillips at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th September 1853.
I, JOHN PHILLIPS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SHAPING METALS" to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in shaping plates or sheets of metal of the
forms represented in section at a, b, Figs. 1, & 2, and of the shape.
represented in section in Fig. 3, or modifications of the same, by means
of pressing dies or tools; the plates of metal so shaped being applied
to the manufacture of various articles, as herein-after described. In
shaping metals of the form represented in section at a, b, Figs. 1, &
2, I proceed as follows:-I take a plate of metal bent, by rolling or

page_text: otherwise, into the shape represented in section in Fig. 4, and place in
the part c, thereof a cylindrical core or mandril d, Figs. 1, & 2, and
subject the same to the action of a stamp or press, on the bed of which
a die c, Fig. 1, is fixed, as well as a vertical plate f. To the bolt or
moveable part of the said press the die g, Fig. 1, is fixed. I place the
bent plate, Fig. 4, with its mandril on the die e, Fig. 1, and by bringing
down the die g, press or shape the said plate, Fig. 4, into the shape a,
Fig. 1; the vertical plate f, keeps the parts h, i, in the same plane
during the shaping of the cylindrical part; or I take the plate, Fig. 4,
and its mandril, and subject it to the action of the two pairs of rolls
k, l, m, n, Fig. 2, by the action of which it is brought into the shape b,
Fig. 2, the rolls k, l, shaping the cylindrical part and the rolls m, n,
preserving the parts h, i, in the same plane during the shaping of the
cylindrical part. When I wish the metal to be shaped of the shape
represented in section in Fig. 3, I make the necessary alterations in
the shape of the dies or rolls used, or I modify the said dies and rolls
to suit other shapes, but the action of the said dies and rolls is similar
to what I have described. The plates of metal shaped as represented
in section at a, b, Figs. 1, & 2, and in section in Fig. 3, or modifica-
tions of the same, are used for the manufacture of the cases for bolts,
the handles of doors, and for such other articles as the same are or
may be applicable to.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Phillips in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st March 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN PHILLIPS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufac-
turer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of September, in
the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in
the seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Phillips, Her special

page_text: licence that I, the said John Phillips, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Phillips, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN. SHAPING METALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Phillips, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Phillips, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
My Invention consists in the methods herein-after particularly de-
scribed of shaping plates or sheets of metal of the forms represented in
Figures 4, and 7, of the accompanying Drawing or modifications thereof;
the said plates or sheets of metal so shaped being used for the manufac-
ture of cases of bolts, and for door handles, and such other purposes as
the same are or may be applicable to. Figure 1, represents in vertical
section, and Figure 2, in front elevation the working parts of a
machine for shaping metals, the said working parts of the machine
being constructed according to my Invention. a, is the bolt of a press,
to which the semi-cylindrical die b, is attached by the bolt c, or other-
wise. d, is the base or bed of the press, to which the semi-cylindrical
die e, is affixed in any convenient manner. f, is a vertical plate made
to bear against the support g, of the lower die e; the said plate f, is
kept to its bearing by two screws, one of which only h, is shown in
the Drawing; one of the screws h, bears against one end of the plate f,
and the other of the said screws against the other end of the
said plate; the said screws pass through knuckles on the base d, of

page_text: the machine; one only of the said knuckles i, is represented in the
Drawing. In using the said machine, Figures 1, and 2, for the pur-
pose of shaping plates or sheets of metal of the form represented in
Figure 4, I proceed as follows:-I take a plate of metal, bent by rolling
or otherwise, into the shape represented in plan and elevation in Figure 3,
and place in the curved part k, thereof a cylindrical core or mandrill,
Figures 1, and 2, and I place the said plate of metal with its core or
mandril in the press, Figures 1, and 2, in the position represented in
Figure 1; that is to say, with the part m, of the said plate introduced
between the vertical side of the die e, and the plate f; the part n, of the
said plate to be shaped bearing against the vertical fixed plate f. By
bringing down the bolt a, and die b, the several parts are made to assume
the positions and form represented in Figure 2; that is to say, the
dies b, e, being brought nearly together press or shape the sheet of
metal represented in Figure 3, and marked m, n, o, in Figure 1, into
the shape represented in Figure 4, and marked m, n, o, in Figure 2,
the dies b, c, by closing upon the curved part o, of the said plate, giving
to the same a cylindrical figure, the parts m, n, being preserved in the
same plane during the shaping of the curved part o, by the plate f.
When the metal to be shaped is to be used for the cases of bolts a
hole is made therein, as shown at p, Figure 3, for the handle of the
bolt to pass through. Instead of shaping plates or sheets of metal by
the method described with reference to Figures 1, and 2, I sometimes
effect the shaping of the said sheets or plates of metal by means of rolls,
as illustrated by Figures 5, and 6, the said Figures representing rolls
of a form suitable to shape metals of the forms represented in Figures 4,
and 7, the rolls, Figure 5, producing the shape, Figure 4, and the rolls,
Figure 6, producing the shape, Figure 7. The axes of the rolls,
Figures 5, and 6, are indicated by the letter q, in the said Figures, and
the sectional form of the rolls will be understood by an examination of
the sections r, Figure 5, and s, Figure 6. Each set of rolls consists
of two pairs t, u, v, w, Figure 5, and x, y, z, 1, Figure 6, the rolls.
u, w, in Figure 5, and y, 1,.in Figure 6, effecting the bending or
shaping of the sheet of metal, and the rolls t, v, Figure 5, and a, z,
Figure 6, preserving the flat parts marked m, n, in the same plane. A

page_text: mandril is used with the said rolls, Figures 5, and 6, as represented.
The semi-cylindrical dies b, e, Figures 1, and 2, and the semi-cylindrical
parts of the rolls, Figures 5, and 6, may be fluted or made of other
ornamental figure compatible with the action of the said dies and
rolls, as herein described, for the purpose of communicating a fluted or
other ornamental form to the plates or sheets of metal to be shaped,
the general shape of the said sheets or plates, as represented in
Figures 4, and 7, being preserved. A corresponding figure must be
given to the mandrils used with the said dies and rolls.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood
that I do not limit myself to the precise methods herein described, as
the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my said
Invention. But I claim as my Invention the shaping of plates or
sheets of metal of the forms herein described with reference to the
accompanying Drawing, or any modifications of the said forms, by means
of the arrangements of dies or pressing tools, and of rolls, herein
described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Phillips, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-four.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
JOHN PHILLIPS. (L.S.)

page_text: jured by ron
e the
and WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE
Excellent Majesty 1854
Day & Son Laths to the Queen.