IMPROVE- MENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS AND VENTILATORS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Hamer, of Horsforth, near Leeds, in the
County of York, Paper Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS AND VENTILATORS."
Scaled the 20th December 1861, and dated the 27th June 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Hamer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents with his Petition, on the 27th June
1861.
I, HENRY HAMER, of Horsforth, near Leeds, in the County of York, Paper
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS AND VENTILATORS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the prevention or cure of smoky chimnies,
and the ventilation of rooms, and the improvements consist in arranging and
constructing apparatus with flanges and openings or apertures in such manner
that downward currents of wind will be reversed or diverted when coming in
contact therewith, and caused to ascend instead of descending the chimney or
ventilating shaft, thus tending to increase the draught.
The nature of this Invention will be better understood by reference to the

page_text: accompanying Sheet of outline Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an elevation,
Fig. 2 a vertical section, and Fig. 3 a horizontal section of a chimney top or
a ventilating apparatus. A is the outer case, having a projecting flange B,
above which are a series of openings, divided from each other by brackets or
dividing ribs C, and forming channels betwixt the outer and an inner casing D.
Downward currents of wind will strike against the flange, and pass through
the openings, which will divert and conduct them upwards, as indicated by the
arrows, thus tending to increase the draught. By placing a cover over the
top, as shewn in dotted line G at Fig. 2, to prevent rain from descending, it
will answer as a ventilator, as the wind or smoke can escape through the
openings F, and also under the edge of the cover.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Hamer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th
December 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HAMER, of Horsforth, near Leeds, in the County of York, Paper Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing late the Twenty-seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Hamer, Her special license that I, the said Henry
Hamer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Henry Hamer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CHIMNEY TOPS AND VENTILATORS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Henry Hamer, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calender months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Henry Hamer, do. hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention has for its objects the prevention or cure of smoky chimnies
and the ventilation of rooms, and the improvements consist in arranging and
constructing apparatus with flanges and openings or apertures in such manner
that downward currents of wind will be reversed or diverted when coming in
contact therewith, and caused to ascend instead of descending the chimney, or
ventilating shaft, thus tending to increase the draught.
The nature of this Invention will be better understood by reference to the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. I is an elevation, Fig. 2 a
vertical section, and Fig. 3 a horizontal section of a chimney top or a ven-
tilating apparatus. A is the lower part of the outer case, having a flange B
projecting beyond the surface of the upper part of the outer case A', above
which flange are a series of openings divided from each other by brackets or
dividing ribs C, and forming channels betwixt the outer and an inner casing D;
openings F are also formed in the top part by flanges or rings and dividing
ribs. Downward currents of wind will strike against the flange B, and pass
through the openings E, which will direct and conduct them upwards, as
indicated by the arrows, which will drive the smoke out either at the top or
through the openings F betwixt the rings, thus tending to increase the draught.
By placing a cover over the top, as shewn in dotted line G at Fig. 2, to
prevent rain from descending it will answer as a ventilator, as the wind, foul
air, or smoke can escape through the openings F, and also under the edge of
the cover.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed or carried into practical effect, I would
have it understood that I do not confine or restrict myself to the precise
form or construction and arrangement herein set forth, as such may be varied
without departing from the main features of the Invention, viz., instead of
being circular, they may be square, octagonal, or other polygonal cross section,
and the external appearance or form and style of mouldings may vary according
to taste; but what I claim as of my Invention is,―
Firstly, constructing chimney tops and ventilators with flanges and openings
or apertures, arranged substantially as herein described, and illustrated by the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Secondly, having the flange B to project beyond the surface of the upper

page_text: part A', so that downward currents of wind will strike against it, and be
diverted thereby through the openings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Hamer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Henry Hamer, in
the presence of
WILLIAM MAW PINDER.
HENRY HAMER. (L.S.)