lights, Ventilators, and other Swinging and Jointed Articles.
Year: 1888

page_text: Jate of Application, 10th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th Dec., 1888
Complete pecification Accepted, 29th Jan., 1889
lights, Ventilators, and other Swinging and Jointed Articles.
GEORGE CLARKE of Murdock Road Handsworth in the County of Stafford Brass-
founder do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists in constructing in the manner hereinafter described joints or
hinges for swing looking glasses fanlights ventilators and other swinging and jointed
articles such for example as the jointed lids of coal vases and boxes desks and the like.
By my invention an inexpensive and efficient stiff or frictional joint or hinge is
produced and the looking glass or other swinging or jointed article to which the joint
or hinge is applied is securely held in the position in which it is placed or adjusted.
I will describe my invention as applied to the joints of a swing looking glass.
I make each of the joints of two similar parts which parts are respectively fixed on
the frame of the looking glass and the upright or standard of the looking glass each
part of the joint consisting of a fixing plate which is screwed to the frame or upright
and a disc at right angles to the said fixing plate. The two discs of the joint are
pierced at their centres and are placed face to face and riveted together by a loose
In order to
rivet which constitutes the joint pin on which the looking glass turns.
produce a stiff or frictional joint I secure between the two opposed joint discs
described a convex disc or washer of thin sheet steel having a hole in its centre
through which the joint pin passes portions of the marginal part of the said steel disc
or washer being preferably pierced out so as to give to its edge a toothed or claw like
figure. The thin steel disc or washer having been placed between the two discs of
the joint the joint pin or rivet is passed through the holes in the two joint discs and
the convex steel disc or washer and the said joint discs are riveted nearly close
together with the convex steel disc or washer between them. The convex steel disc
or washer is thereby more or less flattened and brought into a state of tension the
toothed or clawed marginal part of the said steel disc or washer pressing against the
marginal part of one of the joint discs and the middle part of the said steel disc or
washer pressing against the middle of the other joint disc. A tight or frictional joint
is thus produced the friction of the marginal part of the steel disc or washer

page_text: preventing it rotating when the looking glass' is moved and the friction of the central
part of the said steel disc or washer holding the looking glass so firmly that it is
maintained in the position to which it is moved or adjusted.
I apply my invention to the joints or hinges of the other swinging and jointed
articles enumerated and to other swinging and jointed articles substantially in the
manner herein before described with respect to the joint of a swing looking glass.
Dated this 10th day of April 1888.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Joints or Hinges for Swing Looking Glasses, Fan-
lights, Ventilators, and other Swinging and Jointed Articles
I GEORGE CLARKE of Murdock Road, Handsworth in the County of Stafford, Brass-
founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention consists in constructing in the manner hereinafter described joints or
hinges for swing looking glasses fanlights ventilators and other swinging and jointed
articles such for example as the jointed lids of coal vases and boxes desks and the like.
By my invention an inexpensive and efficient stiff or frictional joint or hinge is
produced and the looking glass or other swinging or jointed article to which the
joint or hinge is applied is securely held in the position in which it is placed or
adjusted.
i will describe my invention as applied to the joints of a swing looking glass.
I make each of the joints of two similar parts from sheet metal which parts are
respectively fixed on the frame of the looking glass and the upright or standard of
the looking glass, each part of the joint consisting of a fixing plate which is screwed
to the frame or upright and a disc at right angles to the said fixing plate. The two
dises of the joint are pierced at their centres and are placed face to face and riveted
together by a loose rivet which constitutes the joint pin on which the looking glass
turns. In order to produce a stiff or frictional joint I secure between the two
opposed joint discs a convex-dise or washer of thin sheet steel having a hole in its
centre through which the joint pin passes, portions of the marginal part of the said
steel disc or washer being preferably pierced out so as to give to its edge a toothed or
claw-like figure. The thin steel disc or washer having been placed between the two

page_text: discs of the joint the joint pin or rivet is passed through the holes in the two joint
discs and the convex steel disc or washer and the said joint discs are riveted nearly
close together with the convex steel disc or washer between them. The convex steel
dise or washer is thereby more or less flattened and brought into a state of tension the
toothed or clawed marginal part of the said steel disc or washer pressing against the
marginal part of one of the joint dises and the middle part of the said steel disc or
washer pressing against the middle of the other joint disc. A tight or frictional-joint.
is thus produced.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
;
Figure 1 represents in front elevation and Figure 2 in side elevation a portion of a
swing looking glass to which joints or hinges made according to my invention are
applied Figure 3 represents in front elevation and section and Figure 4. in side
elevation one of the said joints or hinges detached; Figure 5 represents the separate
parts of which the joint or hinge is composed; Figures 6 and 7 represent the blanks
from which the fixing plate and disc of each part of the joint is made and Figure 8
represents the half of the joint made from the blanks Figures 6 and 7.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawing.
-
Each of the joints is made of two similar parts each part consisting of the fixing
plate a and the disc situated at right angles thereto, the said fixing plate and disc
being made from a blank of sheet brass or other hard and ductile metal or alloy in the
manner hereinafter described. The two similar parts ab; ab constituting the joint
or hinge are respectively fixed on the frame c of the looking glass and the upright
or standard d of the looking glass by the fixing plates a, a as represented in Figures
1 and 2. The two discs bare pierced in their centres at e and are placed face to face
and riveted nearly close together with a convex steel disc, or washer h (shown separately
in Figure 5) between them by a loose rivet f which is one of the two joint pins or
axes on which the looking glass turns as seen in Figure 1. Between the riveted end
of the rivet or joint pin and the joint disc b is a washer i and a washer may also be
interposed between the head of the rivet or joint pin and the joint disc b. The
marginal portion of the convex steel disc or washer is pierced out so as to give its
edges a toothed or claw like figure and when the said disc or washer his riveted
between the joint dises b, b the said steel disc or washer is more or less flattened and
brought into a state of tension the toothed or claw like marginal part pressing against
the marginal part of one of the joint discs and the middle part of the disc or washer
pressing against the middle of the other joint disc b.
By means of the flattened steel disc or washer h between the joint discs b, b a stiff
or frictional joint is produced the marginal part of the steel disc or washer preventing
it from rotating when the looking glass is moved and the friction of the central part
of the washer holding the looking glass so firmly that it is maintained in its adjusted
position. Although I prefer to use a marginal toothed or clawed steel disc or
washer between the joint discs b, b yet a plain or unpierced disc or washer may be
used.
I make the combined disc and fixing plate of each of the two parts constituting the
joint or hinge from sheet metal in the following manner. I cut out at a press
preferably from sheet brass a blank of the kind represented in Figure 6 the blank
consisting of the disc part and the base or cross piece . From the disc part b²
the joint disc is made and from the base or cross piece a² the fixing. plate a is made.
The centre of the disc 2 is next pierced with a hole e for the joint pin or rivet and
in the ends of the fixing plate a pierced and countersunk holes k, k are made as
represented in Figure 7.
The prepared blank Figure 7 is next by the action of press tools bent at the dotted
line so as bring the fixing plate a? into a position at right angles to the joint disc b³
as represented in Figure 8.
The combined fixing plate and joint disc is thus made from sheet metal and two of

page_text: the joint discs being rivetted together with a steel disc or washer between them the
joint is complete as herein before described.
Figure 9 represents a modified joint made from sheet metal according to my
invention. In this joint the fixing plate a of one half of the joint is situated in the
same plane as the disc part b so that one half of the joint can be fixed to the inner
side of the standard or looking glass frame and the other half of the joint to the
outside of the standard or looking glass frame. In this joint one of the parts consists
of the unbent blank Figure 7 and the other part of the bent blank Figure 8.
I apply my invention to the joints or hinges of the other swinging and jointed
articles enumerated and to other swinging and jointed articles substantially in the
manner hereinbefore described and illustrated with respect to the joint of a swing
looking glass.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my invention
of "Improvements in joints or hinges for swing looking glasses fanlights ventilators
and other swinging and jointed articles :-
25
First Making each of the halves of the joint or hinge of a combined fixing plate
and joint disc from sheet brass or other strong and ductile sheet metal or alloy by
the process or combination of processes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing.
Secondly The combination with the discs of the half parts of the joint or hinge
made in the manner claimed in Claim 1 of a convex steel disc or washer preferably
having its edge of a toothed or claw like figure for forming a stiff or frictional joint
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Dated the Fourteenth day of December 1888.
GEORGE CLARKE,