Improvements in the Means of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Metal Pipes and other Metal Wares.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec., -1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of and Apparatus for the Manufacture
of Metal Pipes and other Metal Wares.
1, ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE, of "Armaside," Cockermouth in the County of
Cumberland, Electro-Metallurgist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
-
This Invention relates to improved means and apparatus for the manufacture of
metal pipes and other metal wares such for instance as tubes, rings, pans, cylinders,
and so forth by the aid of combined Electrolytic and mechanical means and has for
its object the production of a strong, compact metal.
This end is obtained by submitting the article being deposited to a rolling and
burnishing (or rubbing) or hammering and burnishing (or rubbing) or like action
applied simultaneously with the process of Electro-deposition.
The following is a description of a method of applying this invention to the
manufacture of tubes.
In carrying this invention into effect, there is mounted in a suitable receptacle-
the said receptacle having previously been fitted with the necessary anodes,
connections, Electrolyte and so forth as will be readily understood a core mould
or mandrel. Said receptacle and core mould or mandrel is fitted with such supports,
bearings, spindles, and wheels as are necessary to impart a rotary motion to the
core, mould or mandrel and to support same in said receptacle Said receptacle is
also fitted with such gear as will cause a "carrier" to travel from end to end of
(and over and above) said core, mould or mandrel and back again continuously.
This "carrier is intended to hold the "tool" by means of which the rolling and
burnishing (or rubbing) or hammering and burnishing (or rubbing) action is applied
to the tube whilst being formed by Electrolysis.
This "tool" may consist of a roller mounted in a suitable holder and to this roller
is attached a "brake" or other device that will prevent said roller revolving freely.
This roller is pressed against the surface of said revolving core, mould or mandrel,
this will have the effect of causing said roller to revolve but by the action of the
brake," the surface speed of said roller will not be equal to the surface speed of
said core, mould or mandrel, and therefore will cause a burnishing or rubbing action
as well as a rolling action.
Or another method of applying the same principle is to drive or rotate the said
roller by means other than and independent from the means of driving said core,
mould or mandrel at the same time taking precautions that the surface speed of
said roller shall be either greater or less than the surface speed of said core,
mould or maudrel when by reason of the difference of surface speed existing between
the said roller and said core, mould or mandrel a burnishing or rubbing action will
exist as well as a rolling action:
A suitable independent means of driving said rollers may be arranged by mounting
a horizontal shaft in suitable bearings above the level of and parallel to the length
of the before mentioned receptacle, such shaft being provided with a continuous
feather throughout a length equal to the maximum length of said core, mould or
mandrel.
'
Upon this shaft are mounted the necessary pulleys for transmitting the motion to
the said roller or rollers.
Said pulleys being provided with a slot or keyway to fit said feather.
By means of this feather said pulleys are made to rotate with said shaft and
yet are free to slide along same which they are caused to do by means of a fork

page_text: carried up from the before mentioned gear used to operate said carrier thus keeping
said pulleys always in line with said roller or rollers.
In the case of driving said rollers in the manner just set forth I may dispense with
the driving gear used to rotate the core, mould or mandrel as I may by means of
said roller or rollers impart the necessary motion to said core, mould or mandre!
but in the event of this being done, means must be taken to vary the surface speed
of said core, mould or mandrel as compared to the surface speed of said roller for the
purpose of obtaining the rubbing or burnishing action together with the rolling
action.
This may be accomplished by applying a "brake" to some part of said core, mould
or mandrel in similar manner to that set forth for applying a "brake" to the before
mentioned roller.
In applying any of the before mentioned processes, if the roller or rollers is or
are to be submerged in the Electrolyte I prefer to make said roller of glass or other
similar material but if the roller be of metal then I prefer to work said roller on a
portion of said core mould or mandrel which is permitted to project above the level of
the Electrolyte.
The following is a description of a method of applying a combined hammering
and burnishing (or rubbing) action to the surface of an article receiving an Electro-
deposit according to my invention. In place of the before mentioned roller there is
to be attached to the "carrier" a wheel having attached securely to its periphery
at suitable intervals short lengths of a suitable elastic material of the necessary
thickness such for instance as a strip of hard brass or bronze alloy and to the other
or free ends of said strips are attached weights or hammers.
The position of this wheel with its hammers is adjusted in relation to the surface
upon which it is to act in such a manner that after one of the hammers has struck
the deposited surface it is caused to be pressed against and dragged over the said
surface by reason of the rotary motion of said wheel combined with the fact that the
before mentioned elastic strips are bent from a straight line and so have a tendancy
to regain their normal condition.
By this means it will to be seen that a rubbing action is gained as well as a
hammering action.
Dated this 14th February 1880
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of and Apparatus for the Manufacture
of Metal Pipes and other Metal Wares.
I, ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE, Armaside Cockermouth in the County of
Cumberland, Electro-Metallurgist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:
:-
In my Specification No. 11,778 of 1888 I have described means and apparatus
for the manufacture of metal pipes or other metal wares, such for instance as tubes,
rings, pans and cylinders by combined electrolytic and mechanical action whereby I
obtain a strong and compact metal. For operating in this manner, I mount in an
electrolytic bath a mould or core, which acts as the cathode and which is caused to
revolve immersed or partly immersed in the bath, and I apply suitable burnishing or
hammering tools to flatten down, compress and smooth the metal as it is being
deposited on this mould or core. My present invention relates to modifications in
these burnishing and hammering tools as 1 shall describe referring to the
accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 represents a portion of the burnishing apparatus shewn in Figs. 3 and 4
annexed to my previous Specification No. 11,778 of 1888 above referred to, modified
according to my present invention. a is the revolving mould or core, s is the

page_text: burnishing roller which is pressed against the metal as it is being deposited on a,
and which as described in my previous Specification, is made to travel to and fro
along the length of a.
Instead of causing the rollers to revolve by independent gear, at a speed greater
or less than the surface speed of a, so as to have a rubbing and polishing as well as a
compressing action on the deposited metal, I apply to it a brake s attached to the
arm by a spring the strain of which can be regulated by a screw and thumb
nuts. As a revolves it tends by frictional contact to cause the rollers to revolve at
the same surface speed, but being more or less retarded by the brake, there is a
rubbing action, where the contact of a and s takes place, having the effect of
burnishing as well as of compressing the deposited metal.
Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings represents a portion of the hammering
apparatus shewn in Figs." and 9 of the drawings accompanying my previous
Specification No. 11778 of 1888 modified according to my present invention. a is
the revolving mould or core and 3 is the wheel carrying a number of hammering
balls, which are caused to revolve and to travel to and fro the length of a. I attach
these hammers to the wheel 3 by blade spring arms which are bent back when the
haminer meets the surface of a, and as they pass the position of maximum flexure,
recover by their elasticity their straight condition. Thus, besides giving a succession
of blows as they meet a, they are dragged along the surface of a smoothing and
burnishing the deposited metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In apparatus for the manufacture of metal pipes and the like by combined
electrolytic and mechanical action, the combination of the pressing and burnishing
roller with an adjustable spring brake, substantially as described with reference to
Fig. 1.
2. In apparatus such as is above referred to, attaching the hammering and
burnishing balls to the wheel which carries them by spring arms, substantially as
described with reference to Fig. 2.
Dated this 12th day of November 1889
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.