A NEW INVENTION OR IMPROVEMENTS, IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF FLINT GRINDING MILLS AND OTHER GRINDING MILLS OR MACHINERY FOR GRINDING
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
FINDLER,, of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, in Scotland, Flint
Miller, send greeting.
WHEREAS I did, by Petition, humbly represent unto Her present most
Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, that, after considerable application and
expense,
I had invented or found out "A NEW INVENTION OR IMPROVEMENTS,
IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF FLINT GRINDING
MILLS AND OTHER GRINDING MILLS OR MACHINERY FOR GRINDING," and Her said
Majesty being willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions which
may be for the public good, therefore She, of. Her especial grace, certain know-
ledge, and mere motion, by Her Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fifteenth day of, December, Eighteen hundred and forty-five, in
the ninth year. of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial license,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, my exors, admors, and assigns,
and every of them, by himself and themselves, or by his or their deputy
or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, my exors, admors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter, during the space, full end, and term of fourteen
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend my said Invention within that part of Her United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all Her Colonies and Plantations abroad, in
such manner as to me, the said Thomas Findler, my exors, adñiors, and
assigns, or any of them, should in his or their discretion seem meet, and that I,
and they should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit,
commodity, and advantage, from time to time coming, growing, accruing,
and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years
therein mentioned. And whereas said .Letters Patent contain a proviso
obliging me particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled in
Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I do hereby
declare that the nature of my said Invention or improvements, and the
manner in which the same is or are to be performed, are described and ascer-
tained in words in manner following, that is to say:
First, I claim, as one part of my Invention or improvements, the putting
in rotary motion the pan used for grinding potters' materials, such as flint,
Cornwall stone, etc., which pan carries round enclosed in it the bottom or
under stones or pavement; whereas, in the present common mode of grinding
the said materials, the said pan containing the under stones or pavement is firmly
fixed in or to the floors of the mill rooms, and is, consequently, stationery.
Second, I claim, as another part of my improvements the rotary motion of
the under stones or pavement and the said pan in a contrary direction to the
motion of the upper stones or runners and arms, or for the said under pave-
ment being put in motion in the same direction as the upper stones or runners
or arms, whether the said motions be equal to one another or varying in speed.
Third, I claim the application of the same principle and improvement to all
other purposes whatever to which the same may be applicable, such as
grinding mills or machinery for grinding of corn, limestone, colours, dyes, bones,
wheat, barley, peas, tobacco, etc.
Fourth, I claim also the use and application of my improvements of the
said moving pan, containing said under stones or pavement, where the runners
or upper stones may be in a loose state and moveable, as in the present or
common flint pans, and also where the upper stones may either be in one
entire piece or in various pieces attached together so as to make one entire
compound stone.
.

page_text: Lastly, the mode of giving the rotary motion to the pan is as follows, that is
to say:-That whereas, according to the present common mode of grinding in
flint grinding mills, the motion of the upper stones or runners or arms is pro-
duced by a single vertical shaft placed in the centre of the pan, and working
by means of wheels into the engine shaft, in my Invention the rotary motion
of the pan containing the under stones or pavement, as aforesaid, is produced
by the introduction of two additional shafts exterior of the pan, and in exten-
sion, elongation, or addition below the pan to the original shaft in the centre
of the pan. The said centre shaft is divided into two lengths, the lower.
portion of the shaft producing the revolution of the pan and under pavement,
and having a socket into which the upper portion of the said shaft works, the
upper portion of the shaft thus producing the rotary motion of the runners and
upper stones. The whole of these shafts reciprocally communicate with each
other by means of spur or of mitre or of beval wheels and the usual gearing,
which require no particular description, the same being such as any engineer of
ordinary intelligence and expericence can readily comprehend and construct.
And I claim, therefore, only the mode of the application of the said shafts
and machinery for the above-named purposes and improvements; the posi-
tion of the shafts and the introduction and use of spur or of mitre wheels, or
beval wheels, being dependant on the situation of the steam engine, and the
place and position of the mills, and other local circumstances, in each building
where the mills may be erected.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Nine-
teenth day of May, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and
THOMAS FINDLER. (L.S..)
Signed, sealed, and delivered, by the
within-named and designed Thomas
Findler, before and in presence of
JA* STIRLING,
Of the City of Glasgow, in Scotland, Solicitor,
Clerk to Robert Sword, of Glasgow aforesaid, Solicitor.
I, James Stirling, of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, in
Scotland, Solicitor, do solemnly and sincerely declare that I was present and
did see Thomas Findler, of the said City of Glasgow, Flint Miller, sign, seal,
and, as his act and deed, acknowledge and deliver a certain Deed or Instrument
-in writing, bearing date the Nineteenth day of May, Eighteen hundred and

page_text: forty-six, purporting to be a Specification describing and ascertaining the
nature of his Invention or Improvements in the Construction and Operation of
certain Parts of Flint Grinding Mills and other Grinding Mills or Machinery
for Grinding, and the manner in which the same is or are to be performed.
And farther, that the name "Thomas Findler," set at the foot of the said
Deed or Instrument as the party executing the same, is of the proper hand-
writing of the said Thomas Findler, and that the names or characters
"Ja" Stirling," John Gardner," endorsed on the said Deed as witnesses' to the
signing and sealing thereof, are of the respective proper handswriting of this
Declarant and the said John Gardner. And I make this solemn declaration,
conscientiously believing the saine to be true, and by virtue of the provisions
of an Act made and passed in the fifth and sixth years of the reign of His
late Majesty William Fourth, entituled "An Act to repeal an Act of the
present Session of Parliament, entituled An Act for the more effectual
"Abolition of Oaths and Affirmations taken and made in various Depart-
"ments of the State, and to substitute Declarations in lieu thereof, and for
"the more entire Suppression of voluntary and extra-judicial Oaths and
"Affidavits, and to make other Provisions for the Abolition of unnecessary
"Oothe "

page_text: the same is or are to be performed, emitted a Declaration in my presence, upon
the day and date hereof, as to the truth of the Declaration hereunto annexed,
by and before David Mackinlay, Esquire, Acting Chief Magistrate in absence
of the Honorable James Lumsden, Lord Provost and Chief Magistrate of the
said City of Glasgow. And I do hereby likewise certify and attest that the
said David Mackinlay is Acting Chief Magistrate of the said City of Glasgow,
and as such usually administers oaths and declarations, and the name or
signature "Ja Stirling," subscribed to the said Declaration, and also the name
or signature "David Mackinlay," subscribed to the Jurat thereof, are of
the respective proper handswriting of the said James Stirling and David
Mackinlay, and were signed by each of them in my presence.
In faith and testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal,
the Twentieth day of May, in the year of our Lord Eighteen hundred
ericas.
ROBT SWORD,
Notary Public. (1.8.).
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of June, in the year
of our Lord 1846, the aforesaid Thomas Findler came before our said Lady
the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Third day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand