IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING PILE ON WOOLLEN AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
HALLILEY, of Leeds, in the County of York, Cloth Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of January, in the third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Edward Halliley, Her especial liceuse, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Edward Halliley, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said Edward Halliley, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
RAISING PILE ON WOOLLEN AND OTHER FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Edward Halliley, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascer-
tain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto bad, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Halliley, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
My improvements in machinery for raising pile on woollen and other
fabrics or cloths, apply in the first place to machinery for cross raising the
nap or pile, that is, from the middle part of the piece of cloth towards the
selvages or lists; and, in the second place, to improvements in the arrange-
ment and construction of machinery whereby the nap or pile is raised
lengthways as well as crossways, the two operations being combined in one
machine.
And previous to entering into the description of my improvements I would
remark, that I am aware that machines have heretofore been made for cross
dressing or raising of the pile, and in a direction from the middle towards the
lists, and that such machines have been constructed in connection with a
gig mill and dependent upon its motions; therefore I wish it to be understood,
that I do not intend to claim as my Invention the cross raising by machinery,
except by such as is herein after set forth and described.
The object of my improvements, in the first place, is attained by a machine
separate and distinct from all other machines used in cloth dressing, and is
arranged and constructed with suitable parts and movements for raising the
pile from the middle part of the piece towards the lists, which is effected by
means of endless belts carrying wire cards, or teasels, or glass or emery cloths,
or other raising surfaces, as the case may be, according to the operation or
effect intended to be produced on the surface of the cloth.
And the object of the second part of my improvements is attained by improved
arrangements and constructions of machinery, wherein the operations of cross
raising by the said endless belts is combined with the action of cylinders
armed or furnished with wire cards, or teasels, or brushes, or glass, or
emery, or other surfaces for raising the pile lengthways of the piece of cloth.
Having stated generally to what my improvements apply, I will now pro-
ceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed, which are several represen-
tations of actual working machinery. Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of
my improved machines for cross raising only, and which may be called the
simple machine in contra-distinction to the other machine, in which the
operation of raising the pile both ways is combined. Figure 2 is an end
elevation shewing the driving gear; Figure 3 is a similar view of the oppo-

page_text: site end; Figure 4 is a plan or horizontal view; and Figure 5 is a vertical
section taken longitudinally through the machine, to shew the position of the
parts more clearly; and Figure 6 is a transverse vertical section, the same
letters of reference being marked upon corresponding parts in all these
Figures.
A, A, is the framework and standards of the machine. B, the main or
driving shaft receiving its motion from a band passed from the steam engine
or other first mover to the fast and loose pulleys or riggers on its end. Upon
this shaft is mounted one of the drums C, and around it is passed one of the
endless belts of wire, cards, teasels, or other raising surfaces D, which receives
its motion thereby; and the main shaft, by means of the endless screw or
worm on its end, gives the required movements to the other parts or mecha-
nism for conducting the cloth through the machine. The main shaft is
mounted on suitable bearings in the framework and carries the bevelled wheel
E, taking into another similar wheel upon the longitudinal shaft F, turning
in proper bearings in the framework. Upon the other end of this shaft is
mounted another bevel wheel G, taking into a similar wheel on the cross
shaft H, also turning in bearings in the framework, and has the other drum
C✶ mounted upon it, which carries the other endless belt D* of wire cards,
teasels, or other raising surfaces, and thus motion is communicated to both
belts. Those endless belts may be formed of leather or strong woven cloth or
other suitable material, and upon them are fixed, by means of rivets or other
fastenings, the metal holders or frames a, a, for containing and holding the
frames b, b, filled with teasels, or wire-card brushes, emery or glass, or other
raising surfaces. The metal holders or frames a, a, may be constructed of
sheet iron or other suitable material, and are furnished with a spring catch
on one side for the purpose of retaining the frames b, b. And the frames b, b,
when intended to hold teasels, are composed of bars of iron, holding the
teasels in a manner similar to the well-known method of fixing teasels in
"gig rods," but when wire cards, glass, or emery cloths, or other similar
raising surfaces are intended to be used, the frames b, b, are formed of pieces
of wood sliding into the metal holders or frames a, a, on to which pieces of
wood the wire cards, brushes, or glass or emery cloths, or other raising sur-
faces are fastened by nails or other suitable and convenient means; and as the
action of the raising surfaces upon the cloth should be adjustable both as
regards its width and also as regards the extent of action of the same
thereon, the rollers by which the belts are extended and kept in proper
tension are adjustable in their positions both vertically and longitudinally.
I, I, and K, K*, are these rollers, the endless belts being passed under and

page_text: over them, as shewn in the Drawings (see Figure 5). The rollers I, 1*, are
adjustable vertically by means of racks and pinions, for the purpose of regu-
lating their position as regards the cloth and the pressure the wire cards or
teasels shall have upon it at the middle part, and also regulate the place at
which the raising surfaces shall come into action on the cloth. And the
rollers K, K, are adjustable vertically, in order to regulate the degree of
action on the cloth towards the lists, and also longitudinally for the purpose
of regulating the extent of cross action upon the cloth according to its width.
And further, the whole of the cloth-conducting rollers are capable of adjust-
ment vertically, by raising or lowering them through the agency of racks and
pinions, these rollers being mounted in moveable frames. The piece of cloth
is conducted through the machine by the following means-It is in the first
instance laid in folds in a heap at one side of the machine, one of its ends being
passed over the roller L, then over the two smaller rollers M, N, and thence to
the other drawing-through roller O, as shewn by the red line in Figure 6.
The end of the piece of cloth is then attached to this roller by connecting or
securing it to a piece of cloth fastened on to the roller by means of skewers,
pins, or other suitable and well-known methods. The cloth is then put in
motion by the following means:--On the end of the main driving shaft B is
mounted the endless screw or worm c, which takes into a wheel d on the short
shaft e mounted on bearings in the framework. This short shaft carries a pair
of toothed wheels f, f*, mounted and turning loosely thereon, and also
the clutch box g attached to the shaft by means of a key or feather and
slot, so as to allow of its sliding along the shaft. This clutch and pair
of wheels are for the purpose of altering the speed of the machine.
The toothed wheelf is shewn in the Drawings as connected with the clutch,
and is in gear with the toothed wheel mounted on another short shaft i, also
turning in bearings, and the wheel h is in gear with another toothed wheel k
placed in the end of the axle of the drawing-through roller O, and thereby the
required motion is given to this roller, so as to draw the piece of cloth through
the machine. In order that the other cloth roller L may have a corresponding
motion given to it to draw the cloths through the machine when the cloth is
passing the reverse way, the following train of gear is used:-The toothed wheel
takes into gear with another wheel turning loosely on a pin or stud fixed in
the frame, and this wheel takes into another spur wheel m mounted in a
similar manner to the last. The wheel m takes into another wheel 2, mounted
on the end of the axle of the other roller L. It will thus be seen that by
these means the piece of cloth will be drawn through the machine and carried
past the wire cards, teasels, or other surfaces on the belts, as they are moved
I,

page_text: in a direction at right angles to that in which the cloth is travelling, and conse
quently they will be made to act upon the surface of the cloth as it passes
through, and raise the nap or pile from the middle part towards the lists. The
rollers K, K*, are adjustable vertically for the purpose of regulating the posi-
tion of the raising surfaces to the cloth, and consequently their extent of action
upon its surface. This adjustment is effected by means of the toothed racks o, o,
attached to the sliding frames p, p, which carry the bearings of the rollers
K, K, as is shewn in the detached partial sections Figures 7 and 7*. These
racks o, o, are actuated by the small toothed pinions q, q, mounted on small
transverse shafts r, r, having their bearings in the other sliding frames P, P,
and on turning these shafts (by means of a crank or wynch handle) the
frames p, p, will be made to slide up or down in the other adjustable sliding
frames P, P, which carry the bearings of the cloth rollers M and N, the other
cloth rollers L and O being mounted in the cross pieces P*, P*, which carry
the racks Q. The frames P are caused to move vertically by means of the
racks Q, which are acted upon by pinions R upon the shaft S, turned by a
wynch handle or lever on its end; by these means the rollers M and N can
be raised or lowered, and their position adjusted, at pleasure; the rollers
K, K*, being raised and lowered by the same means, and at the same time.
The bearings of the rollers K, K, are mounted in the pieces S, S, which slide
in the horizontal arms of the frame p. These pieces S, S, are furnished with
toothed racks, which are acted upon the pinions t, t, on the transverse
shafts u, u, placed in bearings on the frame p, and turned by wynch handles
or other means. The other belt rollers I, I, have their bearings in the vertical
sliding frames, v, which are furnished with racks w, and acted upon by
pinions a, a, on the cross shaft y, mounted in bearings on the framework
of the machine, and turned by a wynch handle or other means. It will thus
be seen that these various rollers have adjustable motions, horizontally and
vertically, whereby the position of the cloth towards the teasels, wire cards, or
other raising surfaces, can be adjusted at pleasure, and the extent of their
action on the cloth be regulated according to the quality of the goods, or
degree of raising required.
I will now proceed to point out the arrangement of parts for changing
the speed of the machine, and those for reversing its action, and then describe
its operation, and afterwards some variations or modifications in the driving
parts. The change of speed is effected by another set of toothed gear, of diffe-
rential speeds, placed alongside of the wheels f and h on the short shafts e and i
(like the head gear of a lathe, and are marked * and h*, the latter being
mounted on the shaft i; and as the clutch g is slidden along its axis into gear

page_text: with the wheel for f*, so will a different speed be communicated to the
shaft i, and the cloth conducted or drawn through the machine quicker
or slower according to which train of wheels are in action. The reversing of
the motion of the machine, that is, changing the direction in which the cloth
is conducted through past the action of the endless belts, is effected by the
following means:-On the piece of cloth being passed once through the
machine and subjected to the action of the wire cards, teasels, glass, or emery
cloths carried by the endless belts, it will have become coiled on the roller O,
and consequently when it has to be returned through the machine it must be
given off from this roller, and wound upon the other cloth roller L. To do this
it will be necessary to reverse the motions of these rollers, and cause the roller,
which in the first instance has acted only as a guide roller, to become a draw-
ing roller. The other end of the piece of cloth is therefore to be attached to
this roller, in a similar manner as the opposite end has been to the other one.
And as this roller has the required movement given to it by means of the
toothed gear, it will draw the piece of cloth back through the machine
in the reverse direction to its former travelling, and again subject it as it
passes through to the action of the endless belts of wire cards or teasels. In
order that the piece of cloth may be operated upon with proper effect on all
parts, from the middle towards the lists, the piece of cloth, with the conducting,
drawing-in, and delivering rollers, have a lateral or longitudinal movement
given to them, so that the middle part of the cloth which has remained
unoperated upon by the endless belts of wire cards or teazels (i.c., that part
which has passed through the machine between the rollers I, I*), shall be
brought under their operation. To effect this, the framings P and P, which
carry the several rollers L, O, M, N, have a longitudinal motion given to them
in order to to move and shift the framings with the rollers from one end of the
machine towards the other, and bring the middle part or "ridge" of the cloth
under the belts, to be acted upon in like manner as the other parts. This
movement of the cloth and rollers longitudinally is effected by the following
means: The rollers M and N are mounted, turning in bearings in the end
frames P, P, connected together by longitudinal bars or stretchers. The
axles of the cloth rollers L, O, are passed through and slide in bearings 1, 1,
in the framework of the machine, and carry the clutch pieces 2, 2, upon their
ends, which alternately come into contact with the clutch pins of one or
other of the train of gear wheels k or n. The longitudinal shifting movement
of the frame and rollers is effected by the following means:-To one of the
frames Pare attached the horizontal toothed racks 3, 3, projecting through
the end framing of the machine; these racks take into the toothed pinions 4, 4

page_text: on a cross shaft 5, placed in suitable brackets or bearings on the framework.
This shaft is turned by a wynch handle 6, and, as it is moved one way or the
other, the pinions will cause the racks with their frames to shift or move in the
framework from one end of the machine towards the other. This shifting
movement is effected by the workman as soon as the piece of cloth has passed
once through the machine, the travelling movement of the cloth being changed
at the same time by one of the clutch pieces 2, 2, coming into contact with one
or the other of the clutch pins of the wheels or n, the corresponding clutch
piece of the other roller being simultaneously released; and by these means the
cloth will be made to pass alternately forward and backwards through
the machine until it has been sufficiently operated upon, and the pile raised
to the required degree. In order to properly insure the several operations and
movements of the machine, the shafts of all the adjusting pinions are supplied
with retaining palls or latches, and notched wheels 7, 7, which hold or retain
the several rollers in the position they have been placed into by the racks and
pinions. And in order that either of the cloth rollers L or O may be
employed as a conducting roller only (that is, on the first entering of the piece
into the machine) they are furnished with retaining ratchet wheels 8, 8, on
their axles, and catches or palls 9, 9, attached to the framing, which take into
them, and thus prevent either of the rollers, when so employed, revolving; but
these rollers are released when the piece has once passed through the machine
by throwing back the palls. And in order that these parts of the machine
may not be damaged in consequence of the inadvertence of the workmen
in neglecting to move the last-mentioned palls, pieces of iron 9*, 9* (see
Fig. 1), having inclined planes on their ends, are fixed to the framework, which,
by their slanting position, raise the palls 9 from out of the ratchet wheels 8
simultaneously, whilst the rollers L or O are moved in the direction of the
arrows. In order that the cloth may not be delivered too freely from either
of the cloth rollers when unwinding or repassing through the machine, these
rollers are furnished with weighted friction bands 10 passed over drums 11,
which will retard the unwinding of the cloth as it is drawn through by the
opposite roller, and thereby be kept at the required tension. The operation
of the machine is as follows:-The workmen takes one end of the piece of
cloth, previously damped or prepared by the usual and well-known method,
and fastens it to the apron of one or other of the cloth rollers L or O, and
then set the machine in motion. The cloth roller as it revolves draws the
piece through the machine and coils it upon itself. When the whole of the
piece has passed through the machine under the operation or action of the
belts of wire cards or teasels the workman reverses the motion of the cloth by

page_text: turning the wynch handle 6, which causes the roller, with the cloth on it,
to be shifted sideways, and throws its clutch (2) out of gear with the one set or
wheels (say), and the clutch piece 2 of the other roller into gear with the
wheel n, and thus causes the heretofore delivering roller to become a drawing
roller, and thereby draw the cloth through the machine and wind it on itself.
This operation of changing the motion of the cloth through the machine is
repeated by the workmen according to the quality of the goods, or the degreo
of pile to be raised thereon.
Having now described particularly the nature, construction, and operation
of these machines, I would remark that the arrangement and position of
several of the working parts may be varied to suit different widths or kinds
of cloths, and that the driving gear or train of wheels, with the requisite"
adjustable and shifting motions of the rollers, may be effected or attained by
other means or arrangements of mechanism than that above set forth and
described. I therefore wish it to be understood that I do not intend to confine
myself to the precise arrangement and construction therein shewn, as the same
may be varied at the pleasure of the engineer or machine maker; and I have
therefore shewn, in Figure 8, an end view of one of the machines, having a
different arrangement of toothed gear for gaining the movements of the
various parts, and dispensing with the endless worm c and worm wheel d,
above described, by substituting a pinion 1 in place of the former which takes
into a toothed wheel 2, in place of the latter. On the boss of the wheel 2 is
the pinion 3, taking into the wheel 4, which gives motion to the wheel 5 on
the end of the axle of one of the cloth rollers L; the wheel 5 takes into
another wheel 6, which is in gear with the spur wheel 7 taking into the
toothed wheel 8 on the end of the axle of the other cloth roller O; and thus
rotatory motion is given to either one or the other of these cloth rollers. The
wheels 5 and 8 are furnished with the clutch pins for throwing the one or the
other into and out of gear by means of sliding clutches 9, 9, placed in the
shafts, and secured thereon by slots and keys or feathers in the usual
manner. In the arrangement shewn in this Figure there is only one train
of wheels, consequently giving only one speed; and, as a further modification,
endless chains or belts, with spur wheels or riggers, may be used to communi-
cate the required motions from one part of the machine to another.
My improved arrangements and construction of machinery wherein the two
operations or movements for raising the pile are combined, are represented and
shewn in Figures 9, 10, and following Figures. Figure 9 is an elevation,
taken on one side of the machine; this is the one on which the teasel cylinder
is placed. Figure 10 is another elevation of the reverse side, or that contain-

page_text: ing the wire card cylinder. Figure 11 is a plan view. Figure 12 is an end
elevation, shewing the driving gear. Figure 13 is another elevation of the
opposite end. Figure 14 is a vertical section taken longitudinally through
the machine; and Figure 15 is another similar section, taken transversely or
crosswise, the same letters of reference being marked upon corresponding
parts in all these Figures. A, A, is the framework and standards of this
machine. B, the first or main driving shaft, carrying the pulley G of
the one of the endless belts of wire cards or teasels. D, the other belt;
D* being passed over the drum C* on the shaft H, which is driven by
the bevel wheels E, G, and longitudinal shaft F, and thus motion is com-
municated to the endless belts, as in the former machine I and I*, and K, K*,
are the distending rollers of the belts; the middle rollers I, I*, are mounted
in the vertical sliding frames v, v, and moved by racks w, w, and pinions
x, x, on the shaft y, as before described. The rollers K, K*, are in this
instance mounted in bearings in the vertical sliding pieces p, p, having the
racks o, o, formed on them, and are moved by the pinions q, q, on the
shaft r, r; and the horizontal motion of these rollers is effected by means of
sliding racks s, s, and pinions t, t, on the shafts u, u, the moveable frames
p being in this instance mounted sliding on the inner side of the framing
p*, p*, of the machine. L is the cylinder covered with teasels or other raising
surfaces; and M is a wire card or finishing cylinder; N is the winding-on or
cloth roller. The piece of cloth is passed from the heap first through the
tension or slot bar O, then over tho adjustable roller P, past the side of the
teasel cylinder L, where it is acted upon and the pile raised longitudinally one
way, in the direction shewn by the arrow, and which cylinder L is similar in
construction to the ordinary and well-known gig cylinder, and though of smaller
diameter is of such a length that ordinary gig rods may be mounted upon
it. The cloth then passes over the other roller Q, and across the machine
under the action of the endless belts D and D*, for cross raising, and then
over the roller R past the wire card cylinder M, where the pile is again acted
upon and raised longwise by the action of the cylinder, and in a reverse
direction to the first cylinder L, that is, in the direction shewn by the arrow.
The cloth is passed downwards on to the roller S, round the drawing-through
roller or drum T, and then wound on to the cloth roller N. Motion is com-
municated to these various cylinders and rollers in the following manner :-
Upon the end of the longitudinal shaft F is placed the toothed pinion a (see
Figure 12), which takes into a spur wheel b, turning loosely on a stud or
pin as its axle; this wheel takes into another wheel c mounted in like manner,
and is in gear with a third spur wheel d, which takes into another wheel e,

page_text: also turning loosely on a pin or stud fixed in the framework; and this wheel
carries the pinion f, taking into the wheel g mounted on the end of the shaft
h of the drawing-through roller T, and thus motion is communicated to this
roller and the cloth drawn through the machine and is coiled upon the cloth
roller N by the friction of contact between these two rollers, the axle of the
latter being placed in slots or guides i, i, to allow of its moving upwards as
the cloth is wound upon it. The gig or teasel cylinder L, and the card cylin-
der M, have their rotatory motion given to them by the following means:-On
the end of the longitudinal shaft F is mounted the drum or rigger (see
Fig. 13), around which is passed the endless driving band 1, 1; this band is
passed around a smaller rigger or pulley m on the end of the axle of the
teasel or gig cylinder L, and also around another pulley n on the end of the
wire card cylinder M, and thereby the required rotation is communicated to
these cylinders. The band is passed over the adjustable tension pulley o, for
the purpose of keeping the band distended with sufficient tortion to keep the
cylinders in motion. The positions of the various guide rollers P, Q, R,
and S, are adjustable to regulate the tension of the cloth, and the extent of
surface to be brought into contact with the teasel and wire card cylinders. The
adjustment of the rollers P and Q is effected by means of sliding racks I, I,
attached to the levers 2, 2, which carry the axles of these rollers. The racks
I are actuated by the pinions 3, 3, on the shafts 4, 4, turned by any con-
venient means. The wire card cylinder has a lateral alternating or shogging
movement given to it by means of the grooved cam 5 on the boss of the spur
wheel d; a pin or stud on the end of the arm of the bent lever 7 takes into
this groove; and as the other end or arm is attached by a coupling piece 8
to the end of the axle of the wire card cylinder M, this cylinder will be made
to move a short distance laterally to and fro, the axle sliding in its bearings,
the fulcrum of the bent lever 7 being on a stud pin 9. It will be seen by
reference to the Drawings (particularly Figures 9, 10, and 11), that the
bearings or plummer boxes 10, 10, of the shaft 1 are made adjustable for
the purpose of shifting them a short distance in case the endless belt D*
should become loose or slackened. This movement of the bearings is effected
by means of adjusting screws 11, 11, on the framework, the bearings being
mounted sliding in grooves in the top part of the framing. The other endless
belt D is tightened by moving the whole of the centre frame (carrying the
two rollers I, 1*). This adjustment is effected by means of screw bolts and
slots in the frame, whereby the centre frame V is secured in its proper place
on the side framing. And further, it will be seen by the Drawings that the
wire cards, brushes, or teasels, or other raising surfaces on the cylinder M, are

page_text: mounted thereon in small metal frames 12, 12, similar to those on the endless
belts, and that they are placed in coiled lines or in a helical direction or curve
from the middle part of the cylinder towards the ends, whereby the wire cards
or other raising surfaces will be prevented from striking on to or acting upon
the same part of the cloth twice in one revolution of the cylinder, and thereby
prevent streaks or marks in tho cloth, and in fact will operate more like a
workman when dressing by hand or "slipeing "with the "nelly" or hand
frame of wire cards or teasles. This position and arrangement of the wire
cards or other surfaces on the cylinder I consider essential to effect the more
perfect dressing or raising of the pile on the cloth. It will be observed that the
longitudinal movement of the cloth rollers described in reference to the simple
machine may be dispensed with in this combined machine, as it is not
required, inasmuch as it will be found more advantageous to return the cloth
a second time through the machine rather than reverse the movement of the
drawing rollers, and in so returning the cloth to vary its relative position as
regards the cylinders, according to the judgment of the workman when again
attaching it to the drawing-through rollers. And further, that my former
observations regarding the modifications of driving gear and obtaining the
required movements of the various parts apply to this machine as well as the
former.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of these
improvements, and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would
remark that I do not intend to confine myself to the precise arrangement or
position of the various parts, as these may be varied to suit different machines;
nor do I intend to confine myself to the arrangements of the driving gear
shewn in the Drawings, or the method of gaining the various rotatory motions,
as these may be varied at pleasure without departing from my Invention.
And in conclusion I claim as my Invention secured to me by the before in
part recited Letters Patent,-
First, the mode or method of cross raising the pile on woollen or other
cloths, by means of the endless belts carrying wire cards, teasels, or other
raising surfaces constructed and applied as bercin-before described, and par-
ticularly the mode or method of fixing the teasels, wire cards, glass, or emery
cloths, or other raising surfaces on the endless belts, together with the other
necessary parts for conducting the piece of cloth through the machine and
adjusting and regulating the action of the teasels, wire cards, or other raising
surfaces upon the cloth, as herein-before set forth and described as regards the
simple machine.
And, second, as regards the combined machine, I claim the application and

page_text: use of the said endless belts of raising surfaces for cross raising the pile, and
the connexion and combination of the same with the gig or teasel cylinder
and wire card cylinder, or cylinder furnished with other suitable raising
surfaces for raising the pile lengthwise of the piece, and particularly the
manner of fixing and arranging the wire cards or other surfaces on the cylin-
der M, and the giving to the said cylinder M an alternating longitudinal
movement.
And, lastly the general arrangement and construction of the said combined
machine as a whole, such being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
new, and never before used in cloth dressing or for raising the pile on
cloths.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Halliley, of Leeds, in the County
of York, Cloth Manufacturer, have hereunto set my hand and scal,
G
JT... One thousand sight hundred and forty
EDWARD (L.S.) HALLILEY.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifteenth day of July, in the
fourth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said Edward
Halliley came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and ac-
knowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein con-
And also the Instrument
tained and specified, in form above written.
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the
fifty-fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-first day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
forty