IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPARATUSES
Year: 1884

page_text: I GEORGE JASON STURT of 1 Station Road Hailsham in the County of Sussex
Shopkeeper do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPARATUSES to be as follows:-
The apparatus is composed of ordinary pipes and stopcocks with levers (or other
means) for moving stopcocks.
Water can be supplied to apparatus either by reservoir, manual or steam pump.
The apparatus is a fixture and is intended for buildings or ships.
"
This is an apparatus entitled "Improvements in Fire Extinguishing Apparatuses
to be applied to any number of rooms in any building or to any part of buildings
and also to any ship or vessel and is prepared in the following manner.
As to any room or rooms in a building or in any building.
1 A main pipe-with inlet-to be fixed of such size as may be required having
regard to the extent of the building or buildings to be supplied with this
apparatus.
2ndly From the main pipe junctions to be made for each room or rooms in any
building or to any part of any building to be supplied with this apparatus and
pipes from such junctions to be carried to such room or rooms in any building or
to any part of any building in the most convenient way and the outlet of each
such junction pipe to terminate in each room in any building so required to be
fitted up or in such part of any building as may be deemed necessary.
3rdy That each junction pipe so to be made from the said main pipe to be fitted
with a stopcock.
4thly The outlet of each junction pipe terminating in each such room in any
building or any part of any building as aforesaid to be fitted with an instrument
or other means for spreading the water over the room or rooms in any building or
over any part of any building in case of fire.
5thly The water requisite for extinguishing fires to be supplied and conveyed to
the inlet of the said main pipe by means of reservoir or cistern manual or steam
engine, manual or steam pump and be conveyed through the said main pipe and
thence to such room or rooms in any building or to any part of any building as
may be required through the junction pipe leading to such room or rooms in any
building or any part of any building upon the stopcock of such junction pipe
leading to such room or rooms in any building or to any part of any building being
turned on. The stopcock of any junction pipe to be turned on or off by levers

page_text: worked with connecting rods or by wire. Such levers to be fixed in any part of the
building or buildings so fited up as aforesaid or outside of any building or in
buildings as the case may require.
As to any ship or vessel.
6thly That a main pipe and inlet to be fixed in any part of any ship or vessel
and any number of junction pipes to be fixed thereto and carried to any part of
any ship or vessel as inay be desired.
7thly A stop cock to be fixed to each junction pipe and at the outlet of such
junction pipe an instrument or other means for spreading the water to be used is
to be fixed.
Sthly The stop cock of each junction pipe to be worked by levers in the manner
before mentioned in paragraph "5" such leavers to be fixed in any part of any
ship or vessel.
thly The water requisite for extinguishing fires to be supplied and conveyed to
the inlet of the said main pipe by means of a reservoir manual or steam engine or
manual or steam pump and thence through the said main pipe and junction pipe as
may be requisite.

page_text: I GEORGE JASON STURT of No. 1 Station Road Hailsham in the County of
Sussex Shop Keeper do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPARATUSES and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement of apparatus for
extinguishing fires in buildings and is applicable for extinguishing fires in ships and
steam vessels.
I lead a separate pipe or pipes to each separate chamber, room, passage or any
division of a building or buildings and I join all these pipes going to the different
chambers at one place to the main supply pipe; such place or point of junction to
be so situated as to be convenient and easily accessible either inside or outside the
building or buildings. The main supply pipe may be connected either to a
reservoir cistern or other service under pressure; and at this point of junction I
place cocks or valves to each pipe leading to the different chambers and I mark or
index the levers or apparatus for operating the cocks or valves or the cocks them-
selves may be marked with a number, letter, or in any other way so as to
correspond to the chamber or division of the building to which this particular pipo
leads; or I place the cocks or valves in the chambers themselves or adjacent to the
chambers and I operate them by cranks and rods, or by wire or wire ropes passing
over pulleys connected to and worked by levers indexed to correspond to the
different chambers and so situated altogether in some place in the building or
outside the building easily accessible, so that in case of a fire breaking out in any
particular chamber or part of a building the lever working the cock or valve
indexed for this particular chamber can be readily got at, and this chamber suffused
with water.
The pipe in each chamber or division of building terminates with a jet, rose or
perforated spraying pipe which may be concealed by ceiling mouldings or other
ornamentation so as to be invisible, it may terminate in one jet or spray in the
centre of the ceiling of the room or go round the walls of the room being
perforated, or in any other way so as to suffuse the whole chamber with water
when turned on by the cock or valve connected as described with the particular
pipe and worked by the lever indexed to this particular chamber.
In the Drawings hereto annexed in Figure 1. I show one arrangement of my
apparatus as applied to buildings.
Figures 2. 3. 4. 5. and 6. describe modifications of details which may be used for
my purposes as described.
In these Drawings similar letters refer to like parts in all the Figures.
In Figure 1. a is the main supply pipe leading from a reservoir, cistern or other
service under pressure, and is fitted with a cock or valve b for the purpose of
shutting it entirely off if necessary. c is a blow through cock for the purpose of
draining the pipes from water. d. d. d³. d d³. d and d. are the levers or
handles or apparatus for working the cocks for the different pipes to the chambers
el e². e e e e and e', and are indexed or marked to correspond each lever to its
particular chamber as described.
Figures 2 and 3 represent an arrangement of cocks at the junction with the
main pipe.
Figure 4. represents an arrangement showing a means of operating the cocks
situated in the chambers themselves or adjacent to the chambers by means of a
wire rope passing over pulleys and operated by levers as described.

page_text: Figures 5 and 6. represent a means of working the cocks or valves situated in
or near the chambers by rods and cranks.
In like manner my apparatus is arranged for extinguishing fires occurring in
ships or steam vessels in the following way. I place my levers or apparatus
working the cocks connected to pipes leading to the different portions of the
vessel all in some convenient and accessible place in the vessel altogether; and I
index the levers or apparatus to correspond to the different parts of the vessel, so
that should a fire occur in any portion of the vessel the lever working such cock
indexed for the particular portion may be readily got at and this portion of the
vessel suffused with water.
The above Drawings and description shows one arrangement of my apparatus
but I do not confine myself to the exact details as therein described which may be
varied as the case may require, and I can also place in convenient and accessible
places two or more sets of cocks and valves with apparatus indexed for my purpose
as described.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim
1st The laying on of pipes to different chambers or portions of buildings and
connecting them all in soine convenient accessible position either inside or outside
the buildings to a main or supply pipe and at this point of junction to each pipe
fitting a cock to be worked by levers or other mechanical device and indexing
them to correspond to the different chambers-or fixing cocks inside the chambers
themselves or adjacent to the chambers and working them by cranks and rods or
by wire or wire ropes passing over pulleys attached to and worked by levers so
situated, so that should a fire occur in any chamber the cock connected with this
particular chamber may be readily got at and the chamber suffused with water by
means of the spray as described and so confine the fire to this particular portion of
the building.
2nd The laying on of pipes to different portions of ships or steam vessels and
connecting them to one main supply pipe and at this point of junction fitting a
cock to each pipe worked by levers or other mechanical device and indexing the
levers to correspond to the different portions of the ship or steam vessel or fixing
cocks inside the different portions of the vessel or adjacent to these portions of the
vessel and working them by wire or wire ropes or cranks and rods attached to and
worked by levers so situated, so that should a fire occur in any portion of the ship
or vessel the cock connected with this particular portion may be readily got at and
this portion of the ship suffused with water by means of the spray pipe as
described and so contine the fire to this particular portion of the ship.
Duted this 2nd day of August 1884.