Improved Apparatus for Forming Moulds for Casting Carding Engine or other Cylinders.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Forming Moulds for Casting Carding
Engine or other Cylinders.
We GEORGE HOLDSWORTH of No. 117 Acre Lane Oldham Mechanic,
CHARLES SCOTT of Guide Bridge Iron Works Hooley Hill near Manchester,
Engineer and HENRY HODGSON of Guide Bridge Iron Works, Hooley Hill near
Manchester, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The usual practice of forming the rings in or around cylinders while in the
mould, has been by means of suitably shaped segments, which were dropped into
the required place, thus leaving an impression in the mould according to the male
or female section of the segment.
This practice was both tedious and not altogether satisfactory, as the moulds or
impressions of the rings thus shaped were very frequently irregularly shaped and
would overlap and underlic each other at the joints of the segments, and again it
required a great amount of strickling or lining from the centre of the object,
entailing great care and occupying a deal of time.
Now our improvements consist of a radial arm which at its root takes upon a
central upright shaft fixed inside the cylinder mould; to this the main arm-is
attached by suitable means, a second vertical spindle or shaft which we will call
the cutter shaft; this cutter shaft can be varied in its distance from the main or
central shaft by means of a screw or other suitable means.
On this cutter shaft we
arrange at any required intervals a series of double radial arms of equal lengths,
these are adjustable along the cutter spindle by means of set screws in their
central bosses being secured to the said spindle. Slots are provided in each of
these double arms, and are shaped to be concentric with the centre of the mould;
into these slots are fitted small vertical studs secured thereto by nuts: these studs
receive circular revolving sharp edged cutters, one on each arm, that is to say, one
each side of the cutter shaft and at equal distances therefrom. These revolving
cutters are so arranged that one cuts out the depth of the top side of the ring to
be formed, and the other the bottom side, the space being the thickness of the
ring. In fixing these cutters they are placed at suitable angles in order to clear
themselves and not to disturb the mould beyond the required limits; the one in
advance for cutting the lower portion of the ring in the mould, is so set at an
angle that the lowest point of the same is the cutting edge, whilst the higher edge
of the same cutter assists in clearing the line or ring thus formed: the top part
of the groove is cut by the following cutter, its cutting edge being the highest
edge, for similar objects as for the leading or lower cutter; of course the cutters
could be arranged vice versa.
It will be understood that this operation is performed by moving the cutter shaft
and radial main arm once round the axis or central shaft. The depth of the ring
has on this first revolution of the arm been lined out and cut to its proper depth;
it is now cleared out by suitably shaped blades, according to the section
required. The blades are brought into action by being turned round to their work,
as when the leading or lining cutters were in operation they were turned away
from the mould.
Another revolution is now made of the main arm during which the clearing
blades clear out the sand left in the rings from the circular revolving cutters.
The foregoing describes the operation of lining out and forming one ring.
But a number may be made simultaneously, it being only necessary to adjust the
double arms on the cutter shaft to the required spaces or intervals of the same.

page_text: The shapes of the rings, as also the depths, can be varied to suit requirements.
The cutter shaft which carries these details, can by means of a screw or other
suitable arrangement be moved nearer to or farther away from the centre axis.
The main radial arm is moved round its axis either by hand or other suitable
mechanical means such as a worm wheel arrangement.
Dated this 16th day of November 1891.
EMMOTT & CO., LTD.,
New Bridge Street, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Forming Moulds for Casting Carding
Engine or other Cylinders.
We, GEORGE HOLDSWORTH of 117
Oldham in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, CHARLES SCOTT and HENRY HODGSON of Guide Bridge Ironworks
Hooley Hill near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner, the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
The object of this invention is to provide apparatus for cutting or forming
internal or external rings in or around the moulds of cylinders for carding engines
or other cylindrical objects and may be used either alone or in combination with
apparatus for moulding cylindrical objects such as described in the Specification
accompanying our application for Letters Patent No. 10,476 dated the 20th day of
July 1887.
Hitherto in the formation of projecting rings or grooves on the interior or
exterior surfaces of cylindrical objects during the moulding operation it has been
customary to employ suitably shaped segments which were put into their required
place in the mould and the sand rammed in and around them in the ordinary
manner in vogue in foundries, after which they were withdrawn and the molten
metal run in in their place. Or in other cases it has been usual to employ what
is known as a strickle which was provided with a suitably shaped end to correspond
with the shape it was desired the finished casting should have. This strickle was
rotated about the sand in the mould. In some cases both these methods were
employed together and in the case of the former the practice was both tedious and
not altogether satisfactory as the moulds or impressions of the segments were very
irregularly shaped and would overlap or underlie each other at the joints, besides
which it required a great amount of strickling or lining by means of a strickle
such as before mentioned which entailed a great amount of care & time.
Our invention is designed to overcome the defects in the methods named and
consists essentially in the provision of an arm or bracket capable of rotating about
a fixed centre and supporting at its free end a dependent arm or spindle which in
turn supports one or more adjustable brackets or arms carrying circular cutters and
scrapers which form upon the sand the desired indentations or projections it is
required the finished cylindrical object should have.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which
Fig. 1 is an elevation of our improved apparatus ;
Fig. 2 a plan and
Fig. 3 an enlarged detail view of a part hereinafter referred to.
A is an ordinary cylindrical casting of any desired diameter turned on the
outside and standing upon a base plate, B. This casting forms a support or bed
and a similar cylinder (not shown in the drawings) may be let down over it as
described in the Specification before mentioned but so as to leave a space between
the two for the moulding sand. The second cylinder is removed after sand has
been rammed in between the two leaving the sand bedded upon the inner cylinder

page_text: as shown at C, to form a surface corresponding to the interior surface of the
cylinder required to be cast. So far the operation is but ordinary and it now
remains to cut grooves or projections on the sand C in order that the cylinder to
be cast shall have grooves or rings on its interior surface.
For this purpose we make use of a fixed upright shaft D formed with a collar d,
the shaft being situated centrally in the interior of the cylinder A. The top end
of the shaft is held in position by a frame D¹ and upon the collar d rests one end
of an arm E which is capable of being rotated about the sand C. The free end of
the arm E is formed with slideways e which support a moveable sliding piece E'
from which is suspended a shaft or spindle F. The moveable picce E can be
moved nearer to or farther from the sand C by a small hand wheel el and screw ell.
On the spindle F is fixed a number of arms G corresponding to the number of
rings or grooves it is required to cut in the sand. These are each provided with
two studs g (one of which is shown enlarged in Fig. 3.) adjustable in slots g'
which have mounted upon them circular discs or cutters of steel plate H free to
revolve thereon. A reference to Fig. 3 will show that each cutter is threaded
upon a bush provided with a collar at the bottom to rest upon the stud and at the
top with a threaded end to receive a nut for securing it to the bush. The bush is
prevented lifting off the stud by means of a cotter or the like. It will be seen
that each stud is fixed at an inclination to the arm which carries it. This is for
the purpose of enabling the cutters to clear themselves and not to disturb the
mould beyond the required limits. The one in advance is for cutting the lower
portion of the ring in the sand. The lowest point of this cutter is the cutting
edge whilst the highest edge assists in clearing the line or ring thus formed. The
second cutter is arranged vice versa and cuts the top part of the groove in a
similar manner.
It will be understood that this cutting action takes place when
the arm E and spindle F are moved around the sand the desired depth of cut being
obtained by moving the spindle F nearer to or farther from the sand by the
mechanism previously described. When this part of the operation is finished a
number of thin grooves lines or rings are left in the sand and the sand between
each two rings, is removed by a suitably shaped scraper G fixed in a stud at the
end of each lever G. The sand being removed as described the mould may now
be finished in the ordinary manner.
We have only described the cutting of rings or grooves around the interior
mould of a carding engine cylinder but it must be understood that rings or grooves
may be cut round the exterior mould of such cylinder or of any other cylindrical
object and that the number of arms may be varied according to the grooves or
rings required and that such arms may be placed concentric to the mould either
on one or both sides of the spindle. It will also be obvious to practical men that
the arms may be adjusted at different distances apart either by hand or
mechanical means and also that the arm E might be rotated by mechanism if
found desirable. The shape of the scraper may also be altered to suit variable
conditions and each cutter may be made adjustable vertically on its bush or
stud.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we wish it to be
understood that we are well aware that revolving strickles have heretofore been
used in moulding operations and that such we do not claim but what we do
claim is
1. Apparatus for cutting or forming internal or external rings or grooves in or
around the moulds of carding engine cylinders or moulds for other cylindrical
objects consisting of a rotating arm or bracket carrying a dependent shaft or
spindle on which is mounted one or more arms supporting revoluble cutters and
scraping appliances substantially as described.
2. In apparatus such as set forth in Claim the use of revoluble cutters sub-
stantially as described.

page_text: 3. The combination of apparatus such as herein described with moulding
apparatus such as set forth in Letters Patent No. 10,476 dated the 20th day of
July 1887.
4. Apparatus for cutting or forming internal or external rings or grooves in or
around the moulds of carding engine cylinders or moulds for other cylindrical
objects constructed substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th day of August 1892.
Per pro EMMOTT & CO., LIMITED,
Robert Wood, Secretary,
2, New Bridge Street, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.