Improvements in the Construction of Lamps for the Combustion of Hydrocarbons and other Volatile Oils or Inflammable Liquids for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Apr., 1889-Accepted, 29th June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Lamps for the Combustion of
Hydrocarbons and other Volatile Oils or Inflammable Liquids
for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
I THOMAS WOODWARD of 114, High Street, Bromley by Bow in the county of
Middlesex, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF HYDRO-
CARBONS AND OTHER VOLATILE OILS, OR INFLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, FOR LIGHTING AND
HEATING PURPOSES, to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a novel construction of lamp for the more effectual and
complete combustion of hydrocarbons or other volatile cils, or inflammable liquids,
than has hitherto been effected, the heating and illuminating powers of such matters
being developed to the utmost extent, by the combined action of compressed air and a
fan or blower.
The apparatus I employ consists of a metal, porcelain, or other pan of any convenient
form and dimensions, which forms the body of the lamp and contains the combustible
oil, the liquid level of which is always automatically maintained by means of a small
reservoir at the side of the lamp, or in any other suitable position in which is a ball
cock valve, or some equivalent contrivance regulating the admission and maintaining
a perfect level of the liquid supplied from the main reservoir or other receptacle
placed in the immediate vicinity or at a distance either above or below the pan, to
which latter the oil is led by a pipe from this reservoir.
Beneath the pan and placed in immediate proximity to it is a fan or blower enclosed
in a case the nozzle of which passes through the liquid in the pan and reaches just
above its level into an air space between the liquid and the base of the chimney
covering the pan.
The blast produced by the rapid revolution of the fan, (effected either by pulley and
band, electricity, steam, gas, hand power or clockwork,) excites combustion and
generates heat to the maximum extent.
An air space is made and regulated above the combustible liquid in the pan, and the
lower portion of the chimney covering it. The gases of combustion are consumed by
the flame the lamp is therefore smokeless.
This chimney or cover is of cowl or other shape, and from its mouth the
luminous rays are emitted.
It rests on lugs on the rim or upper edge of the pan or body of the lamp. On this
part of the pan are three or more inclined projections, on which the lower end of the
chimney rests.
By turning the chimney by means of a handle the height of the air space is regulated,
being increased or diminished in proportion to the movement of the chimney, and thus
raising or lowering the flame or completely extinguishing it when required.
This lamp is or may be mounted on feet, a pedestal, pillar, bracket or in any position
suitable to the nature of application of the lamp.
Dated this 02nd'da of July 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Lamps for the Combustion of
Hydrocarbons, and other Volatile Oils or Inflammable Liquids
for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
I THOMAS WOODWARD of 114 High Street, Bromley by Bow, in the county of
Middlesex, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF HYDRO-
CARBONS, AND OTHER VOLATILE OILS OR INFLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, FOR LIGHTING AND
HEATING PURPOSES," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a novel construction of lamp for the more effectual and
complete combustion of hydrocarbons, or other volatile oils, or inflammable liquids,
than has hitherto been effected; the heating and illuminating powers of such matters
being developed to the utmost extent, by the combined action of compressed air and a
blower or fan.
In the accompanying drawings a lamp and its accessories constructed on the
principle of my invention is illustrated, in several views on two sheets.
Fig. 1 is a vertical elevation seen in section, of the lamp with oil reservoir, blower
and chimney.
Fig. 2 is a plan of this same figure.
Fig. 3 is a vertical elevation of the lamp not in section.
Fig. 4 shows a plan of the upper part of the chimney marked M Fig. 1. and used
for directing the flame vertically.
Fig. 5 shows this part of the chimney, cowl shaped, for directing the flame
horizontally.
Fig. 6 is an elevator for raising the oil from a tank below the lamp, used in
substitution of the ball cock valve described in the Provisional Specification.
Fig. 7 is a plan of Fig. 6.
Or
The same letters of reference indicate like parts shown in the respective Figs. A is
a metal, porcelain, or other pan, of any convenient form and dimensions, which con-
stitutes the body of the lamp and contains the combustible oil. This pan is cast or
otherwise made in a piece with the oil supply reservoir B, an opening C, between the
wall or partition dividing the pan A from the reservoir B, admits the oil from this
reservoir, and establishes the liquid level, which is regulated by the ball cock D
in place of this ball cock I employ the elevator, shown by Figs. 6 and 7, which are a
vertical section and plan respectively of this apparatus. In this case the oil tank from
which the supply is obtained, is below the lamp, and the oil is raised by means of the
cup chain E, turning on a chain wheel F, by hand or otherwise; the lower end of this
chain is left loose in the tank, or it may be passed over a plain roller. This chain and
wheel I substitute for the ball cock, and find it more efficacious and reliable in action,
and consequently give it the preference: a partition G, made in the oil reservoir B,
maintains the liquid level of the oil, and reaches very slightly above the opening C, in
the pan A, so that should the oil be supplied to the pan quicker than necessary, it will
overflow the partition G, in the reservoir B, and descend to the supply tank.
Although I have represented the oil reservoir as at the side, and cast or otherwise
formed with the pan A, it may if required be placed in any other convenient position,
and the main reservoir occupy a position in the immediate vicinity of the lamp, or at
a distance therefrom.
Beneath the pan, and entering the conical opening H in the pan, is the nozzle of a
fan or blower 1, enclosed in a case, the nozzle of this blower passes through the liquid
in the pan and reaches just above its level, into an air space between the liquid and the
base of the chimney J, covering the pan; the blast produced by the rapid revolution
of the fan (effected either by pulley and band, electricity, steam, gas, hand power, or
clock work) excites combustion and generates heat to the maximum extent.
The air space between the pan, and base of the chimney is regulated as follows: on
the upper part of the pan are three or more inclined projections K Fig. 3, one of which

page_text: only is seen in this Figure; on these the lower end of the chimney J, rests, it being
shaped for the purpose; on turning the chimney in one direction by aid of the
handle L, it rises up the inclines, so increasing the air space, whilst by turning it in a
contrary direction, it descends, and consequently reduces this space, and by turning it
so that it drops into its seat, the light is extinguished; by this means the light and
heat are regulated as desired. K¹ are guides to keep the chimney in position.
At the upper part of the chimney J, is a second one M, this may be straight with
air spaces a, at the base as seen Figs. 1 and 4, which are an elevation and plan
respectively, for use when it is desired to direct the flame vertically, or it may be
substituted for one of a cowl form see Fig. 5. when it is required to direct the flame
in a horizontal direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1st. In lamps of the description herein referred to, the method of casting or other-
wise forming the pan A, and reservoir B in one piece, with communicating aperture C,
regulating the liquid level, and conical central aperture H, for the introduction of the
nozzle of the blower I.
2nd. In lamps such as here described, the employment of a blower, worked by hand
mechanically or otherwise.
3rd. In lamps of the description forming the subject of this invention the method of
regulating the supply of oil by means of the cup chain E, wheel F, and partition G,
in the oil reservoir B.
4th. In lamps such as herein described, the method of regulating the air space
between the base of the chimney, and the top of the pan for the regulation of the
flame by aid of the sloped inclines K on the top of the pan A, the bottom of the
chimney being similarly shaped.
5th. In lamps of the above description, the method of and means employed for
directing the flamno vertically by aid of the chimney M with air inlets or spaces a, and
horizontally by means of the cowl N in place of the chimney M.
The whole in the manner, by the means, and for the purposes substantially as herein
setforth.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1889.
A. C. HENDERSON & Co.,
Patent Agents, 46, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, Agents for the Applicant.