Improvements in or relating to Bleaching and Methods for Producing Bleaching Agents...
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Oct., 1889
Complete Specińcation Left. 3rd June, 1890-Accepted, 26th July.. 1890
Improvements in or relating to Bleaching and Methods for
Producing Bleaching Agents...
J. LUDWIG SCHREINER of Seestrasse 44, Stuttgart in the Empire of Germany, Doctor
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a process of bleaching by the use of a solution of turpentine
nixed with resinous and potash soaps; solid and liquid coloured materials being
treated by the addition to the said solution, of water and atmospheric air or binoxide
of hydrogen.
:
As an example take 22 parts of hydrate of potash, mix in 353 parts of water, heat to
boiling point add 125 parts of powdered colophony and stir whilst boiling, until the
resin is completely disolved, after cooling down add whilst stirring 150 parts of oil
of turpentine which after repeated stirring dissolves. Or use half the above water' and'
add to the above solution when completed binoxide of hydrogen of 12 per cent. weight;
or, a thinly separated Stream of air is conducted through the solution with a strong
light the solution being exposed to the influence of the atmosphere.
Dated this 5th day at October 1889
הי
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Bleaching and Methods for
-Producing Bleaching Agents.
I LUDWIG SOHREINER of Seestrasse No. 44, Stuttgart in the Empire of Germany
Doctor do hereby declare the 'nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained'in and by the
following statement:
3
Oil of turpentine has the property of mixing or emulsifying in a clear solution under
certain conditions in solutions of soup preferably of resinous potash soap. If a few
drops of this solution are allowed to fall into a vessel of water there results a milk like
separation of the oil of turpentine accompanied by a quick dispersing of the drops.
The oil thus undergoes such an extraordinary fine distribution that even after having
been put by for weeks it will not collect upon the surface.
Such a liquid when remaining in contact with the atmosphere for some time
becomes a powerful oxydising medium for the water continually dissolves the oxygen
of the air, the thinly separated oil of turpentine oxydises the same and combines
therewith to form a compound which easily gives up oxygen to oxydizable
substances.
If for instance a solution of indigo is added to the said liquid the former is completely
oxydized into "isatin" within a shorter or longer space of time dependent upon its
quantity. By this however the oxidizing power of the liquid is not used up but is
renewed continually as long as the liquid is clouded by the presence of the suspended
oil of turpentine.
i
For producing the solution of oil of turpentine: 1 dissolve as an example 22 parts of
hydrate of potash in 253 parts of water, heat it to boiling point, add 125 parts: of
powdered colophony and stir whilst boiling it until the rosin is completely dissolved.
After cooling down to about 35 degrees Centigrade. I add whilst stirring 150 parts of
oil of turpentine which after repeated stirring dissolves to a clear solution. This
Din

page_text: solution is unable to absorb either water or oil of turpentine in large quantities and
alcohol otherwise a solvent for all the matters present, causes a separation of the oil of
turpentine. Instead of this alkaline solution I can also produce a mentral or a weak
acid solution by giving to the boiling soap solution a surplus of rosin which is taken
up by forming a soap size. This latter solution has the property like the potash soap
of dissolving large quantities of oil of turpentine. The rosin can be replaced also
partly or entirely by oleine although the receptivity of the solution for the oil of
turpentine is thereby diminished.
If in manufacturing the soap I use only half the quantity of water mentioned and
if later on I add to the completed solution of oil of turpentine solution of binoxide of
hydrogen of 12% contents by weight sufficient to supply the missing weight of water,
after a short interval, the colour of the solution is bleached and a product termed
ozoninis produced which exhibits a much larger oxydizing energy than the solution
of oil of turpentine or the binoxyde of hydrogen have ever done for themselves.
Thus if one gramme of the compound of indigo oxyde and soda be dissolved in liter
of water under addition of 1 gramme concentrated sulphuric acid and 5 cubic,
centimeters of this solution be diluted to 100 cubic centimeters the following
quantities of the above mentioned solutions are needed to fully destroy the blue colour
at the ordinary temperature. Binoxide of hydrogen solution as above 10 drops, time
of action 48 hours. Ozonin 5 drops, time half an hour. Turpentine solution made,
as above described 5 drops, time 12 hours.
If at a low temperature and under action of a strong light, a thinly separated stream
of atmospheric air is carried through the solution of terpentine, or if the latter be
exposed on the largest possible surface to the influence of the atmosphere the colour
of the solution becomes lighter and the specific weight increases by the admission of
oxygen.
One can spread the solution as much as possible by placing it in flat vessels or by
letting it pour slowly through the atmosphere or by dispersing it by direct pressure or
by means of a disperser or by means of air or steam pressure through ordinary divergers
and by condensing or collecting it again.
If the ozonin be heated it separates at first into solution of soap and oil of turpentine
and upon prolonged boiling in a return flow cooler the oxydizing body. becomes
completely analyzed. On cooling, the solution, of oil of turpentine is reproduced but
the latter has no longer the powerful oxydizing nature of the ozonin. This result as
well as the energy of oxydation above mentioned prove that in the ozonin there exists
a very reactionary combination of oil of turpentine and oxygen and in a very suitable
shape for its practical use.
An emulsion of one gramme of ozonin in 1 liter of water acts powerfully to bleach
textile materials of all kinds without attacking the fibres at the same time, also wood
cork straw and paper as well as solution of gum and soap. In order to produce a
bleaching liquid containing ozonin I can also proceed by making a very dilute solution
of binoxide of hydrogen by the decomposition of peroxide of barium with dilute acid
and by adding thereto the solution of oil of turpentine or I prepare an emulsion from
one part of solution of oil of turpentine and 1000 parts of water and bring them at the
same time for some period into contact with the matters or liquids to be bleached and
the air, by removing the articles repeatedly from the liquid and spreading them
out, or by passing air through the liquid or by pouring the liquid through the air and
back again into the bleaching bath. The ozonin is at the same time a powerful
antiseptic and its non poisonous nature permits its use in medicine. Also its preserva-
tive and cleansing properties make it of manifold use for domestic purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is.
1. The method of producing an aqueous solution of oil of turpentine by the inter-
vention of soaps and especially of resinous potash soap.

page_text: 2. The method of bleaching coloured solid and liquid matters by the simultaneous
addition of an emulsion of said solution of oil of turpentine with water and atmospheric
air or binoxyde of bydrogen.
"
3. The method of producing a product called ozonin" by the influence of the
oxygen of the air or of the binoxyde of hydrogen upon the solution of oil of turpentine
made as set forth.
HERBERT & Co..
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.