Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 7th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 15th June, 1888
I, JOHN GILL, of 17, Glover Street, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for object the manufacture of pottery, such as plant-pots, jars
and similar articles, and the pressing of bricks.
My improved machinery or apparatus comprises a suitable standard or framework
carrying a sliding ram having a to and fro movement by means of a lever and toggle
mechanism for giving the necessary pressure for producing articles such as above
referred to.
On the end of the said ram is a suitably constructed male die or mould having the
same external configuration as the interior of the article to be produced. Opposite
to the said male die is a female die or mould, its internal configuration corresponding
with the exterior form of the desired object; vents may be provided in one or both of
the moulds for the escape of air or surplus material.
To expedite the manufacture, a number of female moulds are or may be provided
and mounted on or in a table capable of being rotated on its axis at intervals so as
to bring the axes of such moulds to coincide with the axis of the ram and male die
as required.
A sufficient quantity of clay or material being placed into the female mould, the
male die or mould is by means of the before mentioned lever and toggle mechanism
pressed into the female mould and thus forms the required article. The said female
die or dies, mould or moulds is or are provided, each with a loose bottom which is
actuated by suitable mechanism either in connection with the ram or otherwise, in
order that on the retirement of the latter the newly formed article may be discharged
from the mould.

page_text: In cases where it is not desired to manufacture so rapidly, the rotating table and
some of the moulds may be dispensed with and two moulds only used which are so
mounted in suitably arranged mechanism that they may be brought alternately opposite
to the ram and male die or mould. The female moulds are also provided with loose
bottoms and discharging apparatus as are the moulds in the above named rotating
table.
When the machinery or apparatus is used for pressing bricks and such like articles
the ram is supplied with a suitable pressing foot and a mould provided for the reception
of the object to be pressed, this mould is furnished with a loose bottom resting upon
an elastic support and provided with suitable mechanism which may be in connection
with the ram or otherwise and so arranged that when the ram has partially retired,
may come into play and discharge the pressed article, which may be removed by
hand and another blank be placed in the mould ready for pressing.
Dated this 8th day of Arent 1007

page_text: I, JOHN GILL of 17 Glover Street, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for object the manufacture, of pottery, such as plant pots, jars and
similar articles, and the pressing of bricks, in a more expeditious manner than has
heretofore been usual.
My improved machinery or apparatus comprises a suitable standard or framework
carrying a sliding ram having a to and fro movement, and a lever and toggle arrange-
ment by which pressure is imparted for producing articles such as above referred to
and for finish pressing articles that have already been roughly formed such as bricks
and the like.
On the end of the said ram is a suitably constructed male die or mould having the.
same external configuration as the interior of the article to be produced.
Opposite to the said male die is a female die or mould, its internal configuration
corresponding with the exterior of the desired object, vents being provided in one or
both of the moulds for the escape of air or surplus material.
In order to expedite the manufacture, a number of female moulds are or may be
provided and mounted on or in a table capable of being rotated around an axis, at
intervals so as to bring the female moulds to coincide alternately with the male mould
on the ram.
A sufficent quantity of clay or material being placed into the female mould, the
male die or mould is by means of the beforementioned lever and toggle mechanism
pressed into the female mould and forms the article required.
The female die or dies, mould or moulds is or are provided each with a loose bottom
which is actuated by suitable mechanism in connection with the ram or other part of
the machine in order that on the withdrawal of the male mould, the newly formed
article may be discharged from the female mould.
The
In cases where it is not desired to manufacture so rapidly I use only two female
moulds, these are mounted upon a slide and are by means of a lever or other
mechanism brought alternately opposite to the male die or mould on the ram.
said female moulds are each provided with a loose bottom and discharging apparatus
for raising the newly formed article therefrom, which is then removed by an
attendant,

page_text: When the machinery or apparatus is used for pressing bricks and the like, the ram
has a suitable pressure foot fitted thereon, a mould being provided for the reception of
the object to be pressed, this mould is mounted upon a projecting part of the main
standard of the machine, or upon a separate pedestal attached thereto, and is furnished
with a loose bottom which may rest upon an elastic support or otherwise, and provided
with suitable mechanism which may, and I prefer it to, be in connection with the ram
and so arranged that when the ram has partially retired after pressing the object, it
may come into play and raise the said object from the mould, which is then removed
by an attendant and another roughly formed object placed in the mould ready for
pressing.
In the annexed drawings similar letters refer to similar parts throughout all the
Figures.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation of machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of pottery
according to my invention.
Figure 2, is a front elevation, and
Fig. 3. a sectional plan of the same at the line 1, 1, of Figs. 1, and 2.
The arrangement of revolving table and moulds referred to in my provisional
Specification, so nearly resembles that shown in Figs. 1. 2. and 3. of the drawings,
that it is not necessary to show separate Figures thereof. a, is the standard of the
machine, b. the ram, moving vertically thercin by means of the hand lever c. on the
fulcrum 1. toggle lever d, and links e, f, g, (the ram and its actuating mechanism
being counterbalanced by the weight c 2.) During the downward motion of the hand
lever c, the lever d, and link e and the toggle links. and g. assume a straight line with
each other respectively, during which movement it will be obvious that they become
gradually more powerful as the hand lever c approaches the end of its downward
stroke, thus causing the ram b, and mould h, to make the downward movement into
one of the female moulds i. i (which being supplied with material a desired object
becomes formed) these are mounted upon a sliding plate j. k, is a projecting part of
the standard a, or it may be as shown a separate pedestal upon which the said sliding
plate j, and female moulds i. i, are mounted. 1, is a hand lever mounted upon a fulcrum m,
and is connected with and used for moving the sliding plate j, and moulds i. i, alter-
nately under the ram. o. o, are treadles in connection with the lifting rods p. p, these
raise the loose bottoms 9, 9, (of the female moulds as they are moved alternately from
under the ram) together with the newly formed object as shewn at A, Fig. 2. which is
then removed by an attendant employed therefor. The empty mould is again supplied
with material and moved under the ram b, ready for another object being formed,
while that in the other mould is being discharged as just described but on the contrary
side of the machine, vents are provided in suitable positions in the moulds h, and i. i,
for the escape of air or surplus material. Fig. 4. shows in side elevation the machine
as used for pressing bricks and the like, Fig. 5, is a front elevation, and Fig. 6, is a
sectional plan of the same at the line 1. 1. of Figs. 4. and 5. r, is a projecting part of
the standard a, upon which the mould s, is mounted, t. t, are openings for the escape
of air and for the reception of, and facilities for clearing out surplus material which
usually escapes during the pressing operation, u, is the loose bottom plate of the
mould. v, v, are rods in connection with said bottom plate and the cross-bar w, to
which are joined the rods . x, the upper ends of these pass through another cross-
bar y, on the ram b, and situated above the pressure plate or foot z. When the ram b,
and foot z, have made part of their upward stroke, the cross-bar y. (during the continua-
tion of the said upward stroke) by coming into contact with the nuts 1. 1. causes the
rod r. x, cross bar w, rods v. v. and the loose bottom plate u, to rise in the moulds,
and lift the pressed brick or object out of the mould, which is then removed by an
attendant and another unpressed one placed therein, and so on.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. In machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of pottery, the arrangement and

page_text: use of toggle and other levers and links such as d. ef. and g. for actuating the ram
and one. part of a mould, mounting corresponding parts of moulds in suchwise that
they can be brought alternately into position for receiving the first named part of a
mould, means for moving the corresponding parts of the moulds and for discharging
the pottery from the moulds, substantially as described and shown.
2. In machinery or apparatus for pressing bricks and the like, the use in combina-
tion with the arrangement of toggle and other levers and links such as referred to in
claim 1, of a mould constructed with spaces such as t. t. beneath the loose bottom
plate u. for the escape of air, and for the escape and reception of surplus material
during pressing, and for facilitating the removal of such surplus material, substantially
as described and shewn in the drawings.
3. Machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of pottery, pressing bricks and the
like, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as hereinabove described with
reference to the drawings annexed.