Improvements in Pumps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 14th Jan., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention which has been communi-
cated to me from abroad by the Company "Maschinenfabrik Gritzner Actien-
gesellschaft" at Durlach, Grand Duchy of Baden, German Empire and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to increase the capacity of pumps whilst
preserving durability of construction and efficiency of action and is particularly
designed for pumps for raising large quantities of fluid whether liquid or gaseous.
The said invention consists in so combining two single acting pumps by means of
special chambers or passages and supplementary valves that both sides of the two
pistons are continually working whereby a quadruple action is obtained.
In order that the said invention may be fully understood shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the
several figures on the annexed drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 represents a pump actuated by a hand lever.
Fig. 2 is a section and Figures 3 and 4 are elevations at right angles to each
other shewing a pump driven by the intervention of connecting rods, lever, pulley
and a belt so that the pistons move in opposite directions.
In Figures 5 and 6 both pistons are shewn as being actuated by a crank which
engages a cross head connecting the two piston rods the pistons moving in the.
same direction.
In Fig. 7 a direct acting steam pump is represented, the pistons in this case also
moving in the same direction.
Referring first to Figure 1 two pump cylinders P P1 and pistons K K¹ such as
are commonly used as single acting pump cylinders and pistons, are arranged in
such a manner, that the cylinder ends which have previously been open to the
atmosphere, open into a common chamber or passage A, the communication there-
with of the suction pipe S and the delivery pipe D being controlled by supplementary
valves m and l. The other ends of the cylinder open into a passage o and are
provided with valves n and p for suction and delivery. In this way both the
pistons always aspire from the same suction valve and also expel through the same
delivery valve.
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Thus in addition to the advantage of utilising the sides of the pistons at . and
which are not utilised in single acting pump cylinders the advantage is obtained of
a quadruple action by means of two pistons with four valves.
The two pistons K K' of the pump are shewn in Figure 1 of the drawings as
being actuated by a hand lever and in Figures 2 to 4 they are shewn as being
arranged to be driven by a belt the pistons moving simultaneously but in opposite
directions. When the piston K¹ rises and the piston K descends the piston K₁
forces the fluid above it through the outlet valve p into the delivery pipe D and
the same action is performed by the piston K by means of the connecting
passage o o. At the same time both pistons K K' draw in from the chamber A
the fluid being pumped which enters by the suction valve m.
As the pistons return to the positions shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 the said pistons
both force the fluid contained in the chamber A and cylinders P P¹ through the
outlet valve towards the delivery pipe D while at the same time the two
pistons K K draw in fluid through the suction valve n and passage o,

page_text: In Figs. 2. 3 and 4 the movement of the pistons K K¹ is effected by the rods h¹
and and the lever g centred at i the said rods h¹h being connected at one end to
the lever g at either side of its centre and at the other end to the respective piston
rods.
In the example shewn in Figures 5 and 6 the pistons are shewn as being
actuated by a crank which passes through a block sliding in a cross head connecting
the piston rods h. This arrangement of pump and also of the direct acting steam
pump shewn in Fig. 7 make it clear that motion of the pistons in reverse directions
as in Figs. 2. 3 and 4 are not essential. If the piston K be approaching the inner
end of its cylinder and the piston K' be consequently approaching the outer end of
its cylinder the result as in the former instances is that the piston K' forces the
fluid in front of it through the outlet valve p into the delivery passage D whilst
the piston K does the same through the connecting passages o o. At the same
time both pistons draw in a fresh charge through the passage A and suction
valve m.
On the return movement of the pistons towards the positions shewn in the
drawing both the pistons force the fluid from the passage A through the outlet
valve into the delivery passage D and also cause fresh fluid to enter the jacket
through the suction valve n by way of the passages o o.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The construction of a quadruple acting pump consisting of two pump
cylinders and pistons in combination with chambers or passages and suction and
delivery valves common to both cylinders substantially as hereinbefore explained.
2nd. The several constructions or arrangements of pumps substantially as
hereinbefore described and shewn in Fig. 1. in Figs. 2. 3 and 4, in Figs.
and in Fig. 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of December 1892.
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