IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING, DESIGNS AND WRITINGS UPON PREPARED GLASS SURFACES, AND OBTAINING COPIES THEREFROM
Year: 1884

page_text: I EDWARD STONHAM CHATTERTON of 47 Malpas Road New Cross, in the
County of Kent, Architect & Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING, DESIGNS AND WRITINGS UPON
PREPARED GLASS SURFACES, AND OBTAINING COPIES THEREFROM, to be as
follows:-
Upon a common sheet of glass I spread a thin coat of a solution, upon which
when dry, I draw write or trace off with a special sympathetic ink any required
drawing writing or natural object; then spread upon the glass a sheet of tissue
or other paper, by gentle pressure I obtain a reverse copy, and by using each time
a fresh sheet of tissue I obtain other reverse copies gradually fainter.
No 1 is available either for faint or dark impressions as may be required by
being placed upon paper or any substance that has been prepared to receive the
impression and by rubbing pressing or rolling the effect is obtained.
Note. Any of these reverse copies may be drawn over with the sympathetic
inks for the purpose of producing a number of impressions but N° 1 is available

page_text: The tissue or thin paper can be used without any preparation for obtaining
negatives but to render other paper fit for use a coating of the solution is required.
The glass before being used must be coated either with this solution or one made
of gum and water in fact preparations of soap sugar resin or any material which
maintains the transparency of the glass and does not interfere with the proper
working of the inks is of course available, but for general purposes I prefer gum.
In copying objects such as models houses & it is sufficient that the glass be
immovably placed and that the operator maintain a fixed position whilst drawing
upon it.
For architectural drawing and any thing that requires a rule square or such
instrument it is necessary to place the glass in a frame or otherwise provide for
raising the T square, rule & along which the pen has to travel.
The copies vary considerably as to depth of tone & the process being regulated
by the proportions of sise and soda used in conjunction with water; also by the
amount of pressure whether by pressing rubbing or rolling, but in any case it is
entirely under the control of the operator who has the power of leaving out any
portion of the required copy, making it permanent or otherwise, or further
re-producing from the copies taken off from negatives.
This Invention is for the purpose of copying any natural object either close to
the glass or at any visual distance from the glass, and for copying any lines
drawings printing or writing previously executed, and for writing drawing or
printing any original subject: also for the purpose of reducing the size of any
objects drawings and lines generally, all of which above described objects drawings
writings or lines generally can be executed in the before described inks and colors
in conjunction with the solutions before described for the purpose of re-producing
copies of the original drawing writing printing or line in the manner herein
before described.
I wish it to be understood that I claim the exclusive right of using glass,
together with the inks, colors, and solutions; in accordance with the above
described method or process, whether the glass is placed horizontal perpendicular
or at any angle.
Dated this the 15th day of March 1884.

page_text: I EDWARD STONHAM CHATTERTON of 47 Malpas Road New Cross S.E. in the
County of Kent do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN DRAWING DESIGNS AND WRITINGS UPON PREPARED GLASS SURFACES AND
OBTAINING COPIES THEREFROM" and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to the purpose of delineating on glass any natural object
or objects and of copying thereon lines drawings printings or writings previously
executed and afterwards obtaining copies of such delineations or writings from
the glass.
In order to prepare the surface of the glass as required I spread upon or over it
a thin coat of a solution (hereinafter described) upon which when dry I draw write
or trace with a special ink (hereinafter described) the natural object or objects or
the previously executed drawing printing or writing or any original design or
writing that may be required. I then spread upon the surface of the glass a sheet
of tissue or other suitable paper and by a gentle pressure obtain a reverse copy of
the delineation or writing traced upon such prepared surface. By using each time
a fresh sheet of tissue paper a few other reverse copies may be obtained but with
lines becoming gradually fainter each time.
After the first reverse copy has been taken off it may be advisable to breathe
upon the glass or slightly moisten it by steam vapour.
The first copy is available for producing either faint or dark impressions as may
be required by rubbing pressing or rolling on paper or other substance suitably
prepared to receive the impression.
Any of these reverse copies so produced may be drawn over with the specially
prepared ink, or inks for the purpose of producing a number of impressions but the
first is available at once.
prepared ink, or inks for the purpose of producing a number of impressions but the
first is available at once.
SOLUTION.
The solution to be applied to the surface of the glass in order to prepare it for
drawing or writing upon may be variously composed. The following compositions
will be found useful for the purpose.
Solution A {Boiling water
Washing soda
one ounce and a half.
Gum arabic
Solution B
Water
Solution C
Solution D
Clear size
Washing soda
Boiling water
one half pint.
two ounces.
one half pint.
quarter of a pound.
four ounces.
one pint and a half.
The size is dissolved by heat then the soda and water are
added and the whole mixture is kept warm until the soda is
dissolved it is then strained and when cold bottled off and
corked down.
Should there be any congealing more soda and water are to
be added and the mixture warmed again
Five sixths of solution C
One sixth of solution B
The weights in the above solutions are all avoirdupois.
J 19.

page_text: INK
This ink or inks may be prepared by taking any required finely ground dry
colour or black and mixing it with glycerine which mixture being allowed to stand
in an open vessel of glazed earthenware or other suitable material and exposed to
the atmosphere an exudation will take place which being strained off can be used
for a medium in preparing other supplies of the said ink or inks.-But inasmuch
as this residue or exudation is liable to a slight discoloration it is better to adopt
a medium of glycerine which has been so exposed for at least forty eight hours.
The manufacture of the said inks can be readily and successfully performed by
mixing the ground colours and the medium in such quantities that an ink or
liquid color is thereby formed which will flow readily in the pen so as to make a
fair unbroken line upon the prepared glass surface.
Different colours and black can be prepared in cake and when required for use
can be thinned with the said medium or they can be made into inks.composed of a
mixture of the colouring materials with the said medium.
When the lines have been duly traced as above stated a sheet of tissue paper or
other suitable paper is to be next laid on the glass and gently pressed until all the
lines traced on the prepared surface of the glass are transferred to the tissue paper
or other suitable paper thereby producing a negative. Then prepare the paper or
other substance intended to receive the picture or writing by coating it with
solution C or D.
In order to prevent any harm being done to the negatives by rubbing them
when in a damp state a guard composed of American cloth or dry paper is or may
be used to place over the negatives. The American cloth is to be used glazed side
downwards.
It is necessary when negatives are being taken from the glass surfaces that all
care should be used in preventing the paper from slipping and that the pressure
thereon should be at first gentle and increased in strength according to the number
of negatives required. The same precautions are necessary in taking copies from
negatives.
For obtaining a ground for certain effects and producing shaded impressions the
negative may be tinted over with any suitable colour or black by means of a water
colour brush.
Drawings can also be made by using an ordinary lead pencil and slightly
breathing upon the prepared glass when the marking is uncertain or indistinct.
Negatives can be taken from these outlines in the same manner as before described
previously damping the tissue paper with solution A.
The following is the method I prefer to use for obtaining copies from negatives.
The negative is first allowed to dry, it is then spread face downwards over the

page_text: paper or other surface on which the impression is required to be made and gently
pressed all over from the centre outwards then one side of a piece of suitable paper
is damped or wetted with solution A and laid over the back of the negative and
pressed down.
•
When the back of the negative is thus made even the guard above mentioned
must be laid over it and friction applied by rubbing the back of the guard with
some hard and smooth substance such as polished ivory or bone. A slight amount
of rubbing will be sufficient to produce the copy, and several copies can be obtained
by repeating the above described operations for each copy increasing the friction in
the later copies.
The paper to receive the impression may or may not be coated with the solution
inasmuch as copies can be obtained by merely placing the dry negatives on dry paper
and rubbing the back of the guard after it has been placed over the negative.
These copies can be then made permanent by pouring cold water over them. But
other substances which are to receive an impression require a coating of the
solution C or D. For examples may be mentioned artists canvas, pottery, linen
wood, leather and glass.
Metals or any substance with a dark surface will require to be coated with
Chinese white which will receive the impression with the coating either in a damp
state or otherwise and can be used either in conjunction with the solutions or
with water.
With reference to artists canvas the impression can be rendered thereon in the
manner described: also any ground laid thereon in the ordinary way with colours
and oils will when dry or nearly so be capable of receiving a perfect impression in
outline without the aid of a solution and by colouring and shading negatives with
a brush or pen an approximate idea of the effect of a picture can be obtained and
much labour saved.
In order to produce drawings upon glass surfaces the glass is to be coated with
the solution C or D then the negative is to be laid over it, the glass breathed
upon and the back of the negative rubbed.
A negative may when mounted upon paper be immersed in solution A the back
being afterwards laid upon blotting paper and the superfluous moisture thereby
removed. It is then in addition to being used in the manner described capable of
giving off copies under a press the strength of copies being increased by rubbing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
First: The combined process of preparing the surface of the glass, obtaining
negatives and taking impressions therefrom substantially as described.
Secondly-The use in such process of the solutions A. B. C. and `D substantially
in the manner described.
And lastly. The use in such process of the ink or inks prepared in the manner
substantially as described.
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