PROJECTING LIQUIDS IN THE FORM OF SPRAY BY A DRAFT OR CURRENT OF AIR FORCED THROUGH PART OF THE LIQUID AND AN INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR SUCH PURPOSE
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Gardner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition on the 6th
January 1868.
I, JAMES GARDNER, of Number Forty-five South Bridge, Edinburgh,
in the County of Edinburgh, Surgical Instrument Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "PROJECTING LIQUIDS IN THE
FORM OF SPRAY BY A DRAFT OR CURRENT OF AIR FORCED THROUGH PART OF THE
LIQUID AND AN INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR SUCH PURPOSE," to be as
follows, videlicet :-
The instrument to be used for this purpose, which I call an air tube
spray producer, consists of an elongated vessel, which I call the phial,
and of a narrower tube in the interior of the phial. The phial tapers
to a narrow nozzle, which I call the jet, the mouth of which is not
entirely closed, but is so narrow that the liquid in the phial can in the
absence of atmospheric pressure upon it escape only by drops. At
the opposite end of the phial, which I call the bulb, I prefer that the
phial be of a bulbous shape for the purpose of attaching an india-rubber
or other elastic tube to the phial by slipping it over the bulb, but it is
not necessary that this end be of a bulbous shape. I prefer also that

page_text: the phial should be narrowed at the bulb end so as to make the bulb
narrower than the central part of the phial, but this is not essential.
The bulb end is not closed, in the central part of the phial is a neck
and mouth by which the liquids to be used ȧre poured into the phial
and which mouth can be closed with a cork or stopper. A tube open
at both ends, which I call the air tube, is inserted in the interior of
the phial leading from the bulb towards the mouth of the jet, and
terminating about one-fourteenth or one-sixteenth of an inch behind
the mouth. The air tube is closely fixed to the edge of the bulb so
as to make it of one piece with the phial, and close the phial at the
bulb, leaving the bulb open as the entrance to the air tube.
I proceed to describe the method of using the air tube spray
producer, premising that some liquids may be of too great a consistency
to be effectually acted on by my Invention. Any instrument or
appliance for the forcible injection of air is attached to the bulb and
fitted to it so closely as to prevent the air which is injected into the
air tube at the bulb from escaping before it enters the air tube. I
prefer that the instrument or appliance used be attached to the bulb
by a piece of india-rubber tubing or other elastic tubing slipped over
the bulb, which tubing by its elasticity is attached to the phial with
a sufficient degree of closeness. The instrument which I prefer for
being so attached to the bulb is that known as Richardson's india-
rubber bellows, but any other instrument or appliance for the forcible
injection of air will do. The liquid which is to be projected in the
form of spray is put into the phial by its mouth; and in using the
Invention the phial should be held or placed so that the mouth of
the air tube immediately behind the mouth of the jet is covered with
the liquid. Air is then forcibly injected into the air tube by the
instrument or appliance for the forcible injection of air attached to
the bulb as aforesaid, so as to create a draft or current through the
air tube; and the effect of this is that the liquid in the phial mixes
with the draft or current of air as the latter passes through it between
the mouth of the air tube and the mouth of the jet, and is forced out
at the mouth of the jet in a continuous stream of
spray.
For the better description of my Invention I refer to the accom-
panying Drawing of a longitudinal section of the air tube spray
producer. In that Drawing the parts marked with the following
letters represent the following parts of the instrument or apparatus

page_text: viz.A, the jet; B, the bulb; C, the mouth and neck; D, D, the air
tube; and E, the mouth of the air tube.
I claim as my Invention the instrument or apparatus above par-
ticularly described, and the projection in spray, by means of an instru-
ment or apparatus of that construction, of any liquid sufficiently limpid
to be acted upon by it in the manner described.