Improvements in Machinery for Spinning Yarns from Flax, Hemp, and other Fibres.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 29th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1888
1
Improvements in Machinery for Spinning Yarns from Flax, Hemp,
and other Fibres.
I, ARTHUR TREDGOLD LAWSON, of Hope Foundry, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in machinery for spinning yarns
from flax, hemp and other fibre, and the improvements relato to that class of spinning
machinery in which the flyer and bobbin holder are both driven each by a separate
driving band.
•
The flyer with its driving pulley I fix upon a tubular spindle which revolves in its
bearing or bearings where the driving pulley is situated. The bobbin holder is at
one end of a long tubular spindle which can be traversed end wise to and fro through
the flyer spindle and also revolved in it.
A central fixed spindle passes through the bobbin holder spindle and gives it
support where it projects beyond the flyer spindle.
The opposite end of the bobbin holder spindle is connected to but free to turn in
a block which can be slidden to and fro along the fixed Spindle by a neb on the
block being acted upon by a revolving screw which is formed and driven as in other
spinning machinery so as to traverse the bobbin holder to and fro within the flyer.
The bobbin holder spindle also passes through a short tubular spindle of the pulley
which is to drive it. This short tubular spindle turns in one of the bearings before
mentioned which comes between it and the pulley which drives the flyer. A feather
projecting inwards from the pulley spindle enters a slot formed along the bobbin
holder spindle so that the bobbin holder spindle can be moved end wise through the
pulley as well as be rotated by it.
Parallel with the spindles above mentioned is a driving shaft on which are two
band pulleys which by endless bands drive the flyer pulley and the bobbin holder
pulley.
The pulley from which the flyer is driven is fixed on the driving shaft the other
pulley is loose upon it but can be more or less held thereto by a friction coupling.
To increase this holding or drag as the bobbin fills I use a weight which is

page_text: progressively moved along a lever arm away from its axis. This movement is given to
the weight by causing the slide which gives to and fro motion to the bobbin holder to
strike against a finger at one or other end of its traverse and by moving the finger
cause a pawl to shift endwise a toothed rack which is fixed to the weight and so move
the weight outwards along the arm.
The weighted lever may be coupled by a connecting rod to a lever by which the
loose pulley can be shifted end wise along the driving shaft and a friction cone on the
pulley be thereby pressed into a corresponding cone fixed on the shaft. Or the lever
may be made to act on a tubular socket capable of sliding endwise along the driving
shaft and the socket when moved end wise inay cause drag levers carried by the fixed
pulley to press more and more upon the circumference of a rim on the loose pulley
or other suitable forms of friction coupling may be used.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Spinning Yarns from Flax, Hemp,
and other Fibres.
1, ARTHUR TREDGOLD LAWSON of Hope Foundry, Leeds, in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for spinning yarns
from flax, hemp and other fibre and the improvements relate to that class of spinning
machinery in which the flyer and bobbin holder are both driven each by a separate
driving band.
The flyer with its driving pulley 1 fix upon a tubular spindle which revolves in its
bearing or bearings where the driving pulley is situated. The bobbin holder is at one
end of a long tubular spindle which can be traversed endwise to and fro through the
flyer spindle and also revolved in it.
A central fixed spindle passes through the bobbin holder spindle and gives it support
where it projects beyond the flyer spindle.
The opposite end of the bobbin holder spindle is connected to but free to turn in a
block which can be slidden to and fro along the fixed spindle by a neb on the block
"being acted upon by á revolving screw which is formed and driven as in other
spinning machinery so as to traverse the bobbin holder to and fro within the flyer.
The bobbin holder spindle also passes through a short tubular spindle of the pulley

page_text: which is to drive it. This short tubular spindle turns in one of the bearings before
mentioned which comes between it and the pulley which drives the flyer. A feather
projecting inwards from the pulley spindle enters a slot formed along the bobbin
holder spindle so that the bobbin holder spindle can be moved endwise through the
pulley as well as be rotated by it.
Parallel with the spindles above mentioned is a driving shaft on which are two band
pulleys which by endless bands drive the flyer pulley and the bobbin holder pulley.
The pulley from which the flyer is driven is fixed on the driving shaft the other
pulley is loose upon it but can be more or less held thereto by a friction coupling.
To increase this holding or drag as the bobbin fills I use a weight which is pro-
gressively moved along a lever arm away from its axis. This movement is given to
the weight by causing the slide which gives to and fro motion to the bobbin holder to
strike against a finger at one or other end of its traverse and by moving the finger
cause a pawl to shift end wise a toothed rack which is fixed to the weight and so move
the weight outwards along the arm.
The weighted lever may be coupled by a connecting rod to a lever by which the
loose pulley can be shifted endwise along the driving shaft and a friction cone on the
pulley be thereby pressed into a corresponding cone fixed on the shaft. Or the lever
may be made to act on a tubular socket capable of sliding end wise along the driving
shaft and the socket when moved endwise may cause drag levers carried by the fixed
pulley to press more and more upon the circumference of a rim on the loose pulley-or
other suitable forms of friction coupling may be used.
Figure 1 of the drawings hereunto annexed is a sectional elevation of machinery
arranged as above described.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a modification of part of the same and Figure
an end view of the driving pulley used in this modification.
A is the flyer carried by a hollow axis which turns in a bearing B and which has
a driving pulley C fixed to it. D is the bobbin holder on a long tubular spindle
which passes through the hollow axis of the flyer A as in the arrangement of mechanism
described by me in an application for Patent No. 16725 in the year 1886. The
long tubular spindle also passes through a hollow axis which turns in a bearing E and
has a driving pulley F fixed to it. A feather projects inwards from the interior of
the hollow axis and enters a slot formed along the tubular spindle of the bobbin
holder. G is a fixed spindle which passes through the centre of the tubular spindle
of the bobbin holder.
H is a slide to which the end of the tubular spindle is coupled in such a manner as
to leave the spindle free to be revolved.
I is a neb on the underside of the slide engaging with the thread of the traverse
screw J-which is driven in any ordinary manner so as to traverse the bobbin holder
to and fro.
K is a
'
driving shaft parallel with the spindle G. L, M, are two band pulleys
mounted on this shaft one L fast upon it and the other M loose.
From the fixed pulley La band passes to the driving pulley C of the flyer and from
the loose pulley Ma band to the pulley F which drives the tubular spindle of the
bobbin holder.
N in Figure 1 is a friction cone fixed to the driving shaft K-O is a corresponding
friction cone on the pulley M. P is a lever by which the pulley M can be moved
endwise along the shaft and the friction cone upon it be made to engage with the
friction cone on the driving shaft.
R is a
spring which acts to disengage the one
friction cone from the other: S is a link by which the upper end of the lever P is
coupled to a short vertical arm of a lever T. The longer arm of this lever is horizontal
and carries a weight U which can be slidden along it. To slide the weight along the
arm as the amount of yarn upon the bobbin increases the weight has a toothed rack
extending from it into which a pawl V carried by an arm which rocks freely around
the axis of the lever is made to engage. The end of this arm is as described in the
specification herein before mentioned coupled to a rod which has a finger W extending
from it and the slide H as it moves to and fro comes against this finger and so gives

page_text: a to and fro motion to the pawl and causes the rack to move the weight along
the arm.
As the weight is so moved outwards along the arm the friction between the friction
cone of the driving pulley M and the cone N on the driving shaft is increased so
increasing the driving power of the pulley.
In the modified arrangement of friction coupling shown at Figures 2 and 3 the
lever P is made to act upon a tubular sleeve X and to slide it endwise along the
driving shaft K the sleeve is made to act upon levers Y carried by the fast pulley L
and to cause friction pads Y¹ carried by these levers to press against the circumference
of a cylindrical rim Z which projects from the side of the driving pulley M.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of the flyer the bobbin holder having a tubular spindle which
revolves within and slides through its axis and also slides through the axis of a
driving pulley the driving spindle parallel with the axis of the flyer and traverse
tube and having upon it two pullies one fast the other loose and clutched to it by a
friction clutch the fast pulley transmitting motion by an endless band or otherwise to
a pulley fixed upon the axis of the flyer and the other pulley transmitting motion to
the pulley which drives the bobbin traverse tube-and mechanism for increasing the
frictional holding between the friction driving pulley and the driving shaft.
2. The construction of machinery for spinning yarns from flax hemp and other
fibres substantially in the manner herein before described and illustrated in the drawing
annexed.