IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOK SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Rudolph Frank at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1883.
RUDOLPH FRANK of Hamburg in the German Empire "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOK
SEWING MACHINES."
This invention relates to improvements in book sewing machines and my
improvements relate, first, to the employment of a number of needles operating in
combination with one shuttle, secondly to the arrangement of such needles in sets,
which alternately come into operation, thirdly to means for operating successively
the needles belonging to the same set, fourthly to the employment of a reciprocating
needle-plate; and fifthly, to means for facilitating the passage of the needles
through the paper by puncturing or pricking the same before the needles come into
action thereon.
The layers of paper, which are to compose a book, are successively laid on an
oscillating needle-plate provided with a number of cuts or recesses for the passage
of the needles.
The needle-plate is affixed to arms which are pivoted to an oscillating shaft, or
support the motion of which is produced by a cam or such like operating means
applied to the main shaft of the machine. The machine may be caused to rotate
by a motor either directly or by means of a counter-shaft, or otherwise as inay be
found most convenient.
On the surface of the cam a suitably formed part of a lever is pressed by means
of a spring rod with another lever, the position of which is influenced also by the
cam or its equivalent device. A connecting rod communicates the motion of the
first lever to an arm bearing the needle-plate.
Thus the needle-plate swings out of the machine, when the shortest radius of the
cam or its equivalent works upon the first lever during which time a layer of paper
to be sewn is placed in position at the needle-plate, then it returns within the
machine and remains in that position while the concentrical arc of the cam touches

page_text: the moving lever, to allow the needles to pass the paper and to take the
shuttle-thread.
The needles are affixed to needle-bars and of these (say) from ten to thirty may
be arranged in the machine but the number employed will vary according to the
size of books to be sewn or other circumstances and these needle bars slide in
suitable guides. The needle-bars are provided with sliding rollers or equivalent
devices which are nearer to the needles in the one set of bars than in the other
set and are arranged alternately one bar of the one set being placed beside a bar of
the other set and their up and down or reciprocating motion is caused by a
reciprocating plate in the grooves of which slide the guiding rollers, or other
suitable operating means adapted to effect the desired motion may be employed.
The grooves of the reciprocating plate (of which the upper one serves to guide
the bars of the one set and the lower one the bars of the other set) are constructed
in such a manner, that the needle-bars of the one set slide downwards, one after
the other, and whilst by the return motion of the groove plate the other set of
needle-bars operates in like manner, while the first one remains at rest. This is
attained by knees in the grooves of the reciprocating plate, which are opened and
closed according to their coming in operation.
The grooved plate is reciprocated by means of a pin engaging into a groove of a
worm or helix on a revolving shaft adapted to produce an oscillating or traversing
amotion to that plate-the motion to the worm shaft is derived from a crank on the
main shaft. A rack attached to the end of such crank engages with a pinion and
causes an intermediate shaft to be put in motion which motion is communicated by
means of a toothed wheel and pinion to the worm.
The shuttle rests on the upper part of the shuttle driver which is fastened to the
reciprocating grooved plate either directly or by means of a parallel rail. The
tension of the shuttle-thread is obtained by means of a looped, C, or other suitably
shaped spring the free arm of which presses on one of the flanges of the spool,
while its bent portion exerts pressure on the thread on the bobbin.
In order to press that point of the shuttle, which according to the direction of
the motion of the shuttle-driver is for the time being the foremost one, more tightly
towards the needle the shuttle is supported by two pairs of pivoted fingers
arranged at each side thereof and entering into recesses of the shuttle.
The shuttle after passing all the needles of a series enters into one of the two
chambers, which are fastened to the frame at each side of the swinging needle-plate.
At the front-shell or case of such a chamber is arranged a screw which regulates
the position of an incline When entering the chamber a lever pivoted at the
shuttle-driver slides upwards on the incline-and presses the bow or other suitablo
part of the C shaped or other equivalent spring thus exerting suitable control on the
shuttle-spool and thereby on the thread.
With each needle-bar is connected a take-up-lever, the slit of which is shaped in
such a way as to cause the tension of the upper-thread at a point corresponding
with the position of the needle.
When the upper-thread is to be slackened-after finishing a book etcetra a plate
through the holes of which pass the threads of all the spools is raised; the holes of
the plate thereby changing their position towards the holes of a second thread
guide causing the spools to deliver thread, which, thread when the first plate is
returned into its normal position, may be drawn through the needle-holes. The
upper thread is fastened at the beginning of the work to a drawing plate sliding
on guides and drawn off from the needle-plate by weights. When the needle-plate
swings outwards, the stitched layer of paper is pressed to a presser plate by
a knocker or feeding device the motion to which is conveyed by means of a pinion,
into which pinion gears a rack connected with one of the levers, which are moved
by the afore-said cam.
The presser-plate which is pressed towards the needle-plate by a weight is braked
or has frictional control exerted upon it at the guides by means of clutches or other

page_text: suitable controlling means in such a manner as to stop it in the place which
it occupies when carried or pressed back by the stroke of the knocker or feeder.
These clutches (which springs, push in the direction of the advancing drawing-
plate are hinged to the presser-plate. The slit of the clutch engaging into the
guide thus jams the clutch at the guide, and this jamming continues until the plate
is advanced by the knocker or feeder. But as soon as the pressure of the knocker
or feeder ceases, the springs come into action again and retain the clutches in the
desired position.
A number of awls or puncturing devices corresponding with the number of
needles for the time being employed in the machine are fastened to awl-holders,
arranged in series corresponding to the needle-bars. The awl holders slide in guides
which are fastened underneath the needle-plate and receive their motion by means
of angle-levers, the bent arms of which are pushed backwards alternately by
inclines attached to an up and down sliding or reciprocating stirrup. A movable
lever pivoted at the frame of the machine oscillates by means of a finger which is
fastened to the oscillating shaft of the needle-plate and alternately raises and.
lowers an arm of the lever. In the nearly vertical position of this lever the
stirrup is raised, until the lever turns a second lever, the upper arm of which
causes the stirrup to descend again.
When the first lever is in a nearly horizontal position, the stirrup does not touch
it. The inclines connected with the stirrup thus comes alternately to the same level
with the bent arms of the awl-holder-levers and cause them to advance by sets one
after the other thus pricking or puncturing the paper at such places, where the
needles are to pass through.
The awls are shaped in such a manner as to prick or puncture a hole of the form
of two triangles connected at one of their points. To effect this they are ground
or formed of a wedge shape and the faces thus formed are then deepened at their
centers. The awl.point thereby formed when seen from one side appears somewhat
of the shape of the letter M.

page_text: .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Rudolph Frank in the Patent Office on the 21st May 1884.
RUDOLPH FRANK of Hamburg in the German Empire. IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOOK-SEWING-MACHINES"
This invention has reference to certain improvements in book sewing machines
by which books of any desired size can be sewn in a rapid and effective manner,
and the invention consists of an oscillating needle-plate and a guide-plate at right
angles thereto on which the sheets to be sewed are successively placed and exposed
to the action of the needles, which are arranged in an inclined needle-frame and
operated in alternating sets by a laterally-reciprocating plate having cam-grooves
and mechanism for alternately actuating the two sets of needle-bars.
The needles are worked in connection with a laterally-reciprocating shuttle of
special construction, after which the stitched sheet is moved forward along the
needle-threads by an intermittently actuated knocker
To facilitate the passage of the needles through the paper the same may be first
pricked at the folded edge by a suitable pricking attachment before the needles
come into operation
The invention consists further of certain details of construction by which motion
is imparted to the different operative parts as will appear more fully hereinafter
and finally be pointed out in the claims
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 represents a front elevation of my
improved book sewing machine Figure 2 is a plan of the same partly in section
through the needle-supporting frame. Figure 3 is a detail rear view of the
mechanism for alternately actuating the two sets of needle-bars. Figures 4 and 5
are details of the shuttle-driver Figure 6 is a detail vertical longitudinal section of
the shuttle. Figure 7 is a side-elevation of the machine. Figure 8 a vertical
transverse section of the machine on line A.B. Figure 1. Figures 9 and 10 are
detail vertical transverse sections and a plan of the needle-bar frame Figures 11
and 12 are vertical transverse sections of the mechanism for pricking the sheets-
before sewing. Figures 13. 14. 15 and 16 are details of the mechanism for
actuating the pricking needles.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts
F in the drawings represent the two outer standards of the supporting frame of
my improved book-sewing machine and F' the two middle standards which carry
the journal-bearings for the different motion transmitting shafts. Between the
middle standards F1 are arranged the oscillating needle-plate b and the inclined
needle-bar frame with its thread tension and take up devices
The folded sheets of paper which have to be sewed together to form a book are
placed successively on the oscillating needle-plate 6 in such a manner that the
fold of the paper is located at the adjoining edges of the needle-plate b and of a
guide-plate 68 which is arranged at right angles to the needle-plate on the frame
of the same
Between the edges of the needle-plate b and guide-plate 68 is left a space of
sufficient width for the passage of the needles for which both plates are slightly
recessed at the edges, as shown in Figure 2.
The needle-plate b is supported between a frame b' which is pivoted to a
transverse shaft 62 that is supported in bearings of the middle standards F¹ as
shown in Figures 1 and 7. Oscillating motion is imparted to the needle-plate b
from the main shaft a by a cam shown clearly in Figure 7. The cam 6* is

page_text: composed of two enlarged arc-shaped portions which are arranged diametrically
to each other and concentric to the shaft a said enlarged portions engaging the
outer end of a lever b³ which is fulcrumed to a transverse shaft supported in
bearings of the middle standards F¹ and connected by pivot-rods b' to both
sides of the oscillating frame 61 of the needle-plate as shewn in Figures 2
and 7.
The main-shaft a receives rotary motion from a suitable power-shaft and
intermediate transmitting gearing. For each revolution of the main-shaft a the
needle-plate is oscillated twice by the cam b'-The opposite end of the fulcrumed
lever 63 is connected by a pivot-rod be with a sleeve at the upper end of a lever 65
the lever end of which is pivoted to one of the middle standards F¹ The pivot-
rod 6 passes through the sleeve of the lever 6 and is cushioned by a spiral spring
interposed between the sleeve and the end of the spring-rod 6 when the cam b
is rotated in the direction of the arrow shewn in Figure 7. The oscillating
needle-plate is moved to the outside of the machine When the middle-portion
of the cam 6 having the shortest radius works upon the end of the lever b³
in which position of the needle-plate a layer of paper is placed in position
thereon.
When the outer enlarged parts of the cam b' engage the lever b³ the needle-
plate b is returned to the interior of the machine and remains in the innermost
position shewn in Figure 8 while one of the arc-shaped portions of the cam b
forms contact with the lower part of the lever 66 as shown in Figure 7, so
as to allow the needles to pass through the paper and take up the shuttle-
thread
The needles are affixed to inclined needle-bars c c¹ of which from 10 to 30 are
arranged in the machine according to the size of the books to be sewn
The needle-bars cc' slide in transverse guides c³ ³ of the needle-frame The
needle bars c c are provided at their underside with anti-friction rollers c¹ and
arranged in two sets, the rollers ct of the set of needle-bars c' being arranged
nearer to the needle-bars c, as shown clearly in Figures 9 and 10. The anti-
friction rollers cc of the needle-bars c c are guided in transverse grooves of a
laterally reciprocating plate co which imparts an up and down motion to the needle-
bars. The upper groove of the plate c serves to guide the rollers c¹ of the
needle bars c, while the lower groove serve to guide the rollers c of the
needle bars c¹
The straight transverse grooves of the plate care provided at their middle
portions with curved cam-grooves, as shown clearly in Figure 1 which are either
opened or closed by the locking fingers so that alternately one set of needle-bars
is caused to descend when the rollers of the same pass into one of the cam-grooves
while the other set of needle-bars is held in raised position, as its rollers pass
along the second straight groove
When the cam plate c moves in the direction of the arrows shown in Figure 1.
the upper straight groove is closed and the lower opened while the upper cam-
groove is opened and the lower closed, so that consequently the needle-bars c
are caused to descend as their rollers pass along the open cam-groove while
the needle-bars c¹ remain at rest, as their rollers pass along the open straight
groove.
The plate is supported by vertical supports c on a transverse rod c³ that is
supported rigidly in position on the outer standards F. The plate c³ is laterally
reciprocated by means of a pin c of one of the supports c, which pin engages
the spiral groove of an oscillating worm c8 shown in Figures 1 and 2. The
oscillating motion of the worm c8 is produced by means of a crank a¹ attached to
the end of the shaft a the crank being pivoted to the lower end of a rack-bar a³
the toothed portion of which engages a pinion a³ on an auxiliary shaft a'. the
rack-bar being held in mesh with said pinion by a guide-box with anti-friction-
rollers a*-as shewn in Figures 2 and 7. The shaft a' is supported in bearings of

page_text: L
one of the inner and outer standards F. F' and oscillated by the pinion a³ and the
up and down motion of the rack-bar a², the oscillating motion being communicated
by means of gear-wheel a and pinion co to the worm c. The alternating
opening and closing of the cam-grooves of the plate is obtained by oscillating
levers d f d¹ f', which are fulcrumed at d² to the back of plate c³ and shown in
detail in Figure 3 at the ends of both levers d, f, d¹ f¹, the fingers are formed
which are passed through the slots f" of the plate c and extended into the grooves
of the same at the points where the cam-grooves branch off from the straight
guide-grooves A disk d³ provided with eccentric slots is pivoted to a pin d' and is
connected with the levers d f. f d¹ by the pins d³ and de. The disc d³ is provided
with a projecting pin d' that is engaged alternately by inclines d8 at the ends of
lateral arms d of the needle-bar frame, as shown in Figure 10. The contact of
the incline do with the pin d' causes the disc d³ to turn on its pivot so as to
oscillate the levers d f d f¹ whereby the fingers at the ends of the same are
alternately thrown into the straight or cam-grooves so as to alternately open or
close the same and place thereby said grooves in condition to impart the proper
motion to the needle-bars c or c¹. At the upper end of each needle-bar c c¹ is
arranged a pin c¹ which engages a take-up lever cll that is slotted in such a
manner that the tension of the needle-thread is made to correspond with the
position of the needle-All the take-up levers c" are pivoted at their lower ends to
a transverse rod c¹³ which is supported in bearings of the side-standards of the
needle-bar frame, as shown in Figure 9. When the needle-thread is to be
slackened after the book or other article is sewed, a hand lever c¹ shown in
Figures 7 and 10 is raised whereby the perforated thread guide-plate c¹ changes
its position and is raised above the thread-holes of the transverse guide-bar c².
The spools deliver consequently a certain length of thread to each needle, which
threads can be drawn through the needle eyes when the lever c¹ is returned into
the normal position
The lower ends of the vertical supports c are connected by a transverse bar e
that is parallel to the fixed rod c. The shuttle driver e¹ is attached to the
transverse bar e. The shuttle g rests on a spring support e² of the shuttle
driver e¹.
A C-shaped band spring g' is attached to the bottom of the shuttle g its free
end bearing on the flange of the shuttle bobbin, so as to exert a brake action
thereon while its bent middle portion presses against the thread wound on the
bobbin as shown in Figure 6
The needles of each system of needle-bars, which are placed at any inclination of
about 30° to the horizontal, perforate the paper, which is kept in proper position on
the needle-plate 6 by the pressure-foot k by the action of the cam-grooves of the
laterally-reciprocating plate c-The needles pass along the recesses at the edge of
the needle-plate b and are then slightly raised by means of the short bent portion
of the cam-grooves of the plate c in order to enlarge the loop of the thread for the
-passage of the shuttle. The shuttle is brought by the shuttle-driver e¹, to the first
needle, its point entering between the needle and thread, so as to enlarge the loop
of the needle-thread still more
In order to press that point of the shuttle, which is according to the direction
of the motion of the shuttle driver, the foremost one, more closely against the
needle, the shuttle is supported by two pairs of pivoted fingers e³ e' which are
arranged below each end of the shuttle and adapted to engage a bottom-recess of
the same.
During the motion of the shuttle-driver the shuttle is somewhat retarded by the
dragging end of the shuttle-thread, so that it presses thereby the finger 6 of the
hind pair backward. As the finger e³ of each pair is connected with the finger e
by a tooth that takes into a recess of the finger e, the hind finger e³ is inclined
forward and advances thereby the point of the shuttle on the front fingers e³ e*, so
as to raise consequently the forward end of the shuttle toward the needle

page_text: The shuttle, after passing all the needles of one set of needle-bars enters into a
fixed side chamber h of which one is arranged at each side of the oscillating
frame b¹ of the needle-plate b. At the inside of the front-plate of each chamber h
is arranged an inclined bar h³ the position of which is regulated by an exterior
screw passing through a nut h of the inclined bar as shown in Figures 1 and 5.
When the shuttle enters the chamber h the lever e that is pivoted to the shuttle
driver e¹ slides upwards on the inclined bar h³, so that an upwardly-extending heel
or projection e of said lever e" is raised and passed through a slot at the bottom of
the shuttle below the bent end of the tension-spring g₁ so as to compress the latter
and exert a pressure on the shuttle-bobbin whereby the same is prevented from
turning and delivering thread
The needle-threads after being drawn through the holes of the needles, are
passed through the holes of a transverse plate m² and are attached at the
beginning of the work to holes of a plate m which slides back of the plate m³
on horizontal guide rails m'. The plate m and the needle-threads are drawn
away from the needle-plate b by weights w which are suspended on cords passing
over pulleys as shown in Figure 8. While the needle plate b is oscillated in
outward direction, the sheet of paper is held by the needle-threads in suspended
position.
The needles and pressure bar / are raised, so that an intermittently actuated
knocker n can strike the sheet and move it home towards the plate m². The
knocker is fastened to the shaft n² having a pinion n¹
A rack at the front-end of the rack-bar n³ is in mesh with the pinion n' while a
notched portion at the rear end of the rack-bar n³ engages a pin on the lever 65 as
shewn in Figure 7. The oscillations of the lever 65 operate the rack-bar n³,
pinions n' and knocker n The rear-end of the rack-bar n³ is provided with a
handle by which it can be lifted from the pin of the lever 65 whenever it is
desired to interrupt the oscillating motion of the knocker n and lift it out of the
way into the position, shown in Figure 8 when the machine is at rest
The transverse plate m² is moved towards the needle-plate b by weights w¹
which are suspended from cords that are passed over pulleys at the middle parts of
the guide rails m' and attached to books at the rear ends of the rods m³. The
front ends of the rods m³ are connected to the plate m³ while the rear-ends are
provided with transverse clutches m* that are hinged to the same. The clutches m⭑
rest by recesses on the guide-rails m¹ and exert a brake action on the guide-rails
and a locking action on the same when the plate m² arrives at the point to which
it is moved by the blow of the knocker u. The moment when the pressure of the
knocker on the sheets of paper and the plate m³ is released, the clutches m* are
pushed back by spiral springs m³ which are interposed between a bracket at the
rear ends of the rods m and the clutches, as shown in Figures 2 and 8. The
clutches m' release thereby the guide-rails m¹ so that the plate m² is moved towards
the needle plate b by the weights w² into position to receive the next layer of
paper and the next blow of the knocker.
The larger the number of sheets strung up on the needle-threads in front of the
plate m², the farther is the same from the needle-plate. The plate m keeps up the
tension of the needle-threads and recedes with the increasing thickness of the sheets
sewed together by the machine
For books of better quality of work it is preferable to use, the pricking
attachment illustrated in Figures 11 to 17. For ordinary work; the pricking
attachment is not required, as the machine will perform its work equally well
without pricking the paper before the needles pass through it. But for tiner work,
it is advisable to use the attachment, as the pricking needles will throw the burr of
the stitching holes towards the back of the sewn book
The pricking attachment consists of a number of awls, corresponding to the
number of needles employed in the machine. The pricking awls are fastened to
the awl holders'o'o'arranged in two systems like the needle bars c c¹.

page_text: The awl-holders o o' slide in inclined guides p p³, which are arranged below the
needle-plate b at the inside of the needle plate frame b¹. The awl-holders are
supported by the guides p p in inclined position, midway between the needle
plate b and guide-plate 68 as shown clearly in Figures 11 and 12
The pricking awls receive their motion by fulcrumed bell crank lever q r
and the bent lower arms of which are pushed backward alternately by
the inclines i¹ of a stirrup which slides by inclined slots up and down on the
pins of the rail e A lever is fulcrumed to a fixed bar of the supporting
standards of the machine and provided with a projecting-pin at the lower end.
This pin is engaged by a finger (not shown in the drawings) which is fastened
to the oscillating shaft 2 and which alternately moves the fulcrumed lever i³ into
a raised or lowered position as shown respectively in Figures 14 and 15. When
the lever is in a nearly vertical position and the stirrups moving in the direction
of the arrow, as shown in Figure 4, the latter is raised along the pins 6¹ until
stopped by the fulcrumed lever 27 when the same abuts against the stop pin 28.
When the lever is in its lower position the upper arm of the lever ³ causes the
stirrup to descend again
When the lever is in horizontal position the stirrup is reciprocated with
the rail e without touching said lever. In the raised position of the stirrup b the
incline pushes the bent arms r backward so that the awl holders o o¹ are moved
upward and perforate the paper, while the spiral springs interposed between the
guides pp return the awl holders in their normal position as soon as the arms r
have passed beyond the incline i
In the lowermost position of the stirrup shown in Figures 1 and 15 the incline
is at the same level as the arms and engages them so as to operate the awl-
holders o The awls are shaped in such a manner as to prick a hole of the form of
two triangles connected at their apexes
To effect this the awls are ground in the shape of a wedge and the ground faces
deepened at their centre
The awl point assumes thereby the form of a capital letter M. as shown in
Figure 15.
When the oscillating needle-plate b arrives at its outermost position, as shown
in Figure 7. the folded sheet of paper is placed thereon, so that one half rests on
the needle-plate 6 the other part on the guide-plate 68, the fold of the paper being
at the apex of the angle formed by the plates b. 68
The needle-threads are next passed through the holes of the plate m² and
attached to the holes of the plate m. When the needle-plate has arrived at its
innermost position, as shown in Figure 8 one set of needle-bars descend, so that the
needles pierce the paper
The needle-threads form loops below the paper for the passage of the shuttle g.
The loops of the needle-threads are then bound off by the shuttle-thread in the
usual manner
On the return motion of the needle-bars, the needle-plate is oscillated in outward
direction again and the sheet of paper just stitched, moved clear away from the
same and brought home against the plate m² by the knocker n. The next sheet is
then placed in position on the oscillating plates b b¹ exposed by the inward motion
of the same to the action of the second set of needles, the stitches of which alternate
with the stitches of the first set, the shuttles being then passed in its return motion
through the loops of the needle-threads, so as to bind them off after which the
sheet of paper is moved away from the outwardly oscillating of the needle plate
again and brought home by the knocker n and so on
The shuttle-thread is passed alternately over the ends of the sheets as the shuttle

page_text: passes to and fro between the sheets, the outer ends of the shuttle-thread being cut
off when the hook is trimmed
The greater the thickness of the book the farther are the plates m³ and m moved
in backward direction one by the action of the knocker, the other by the action of
the tension weight w. When all the sheets of the book are stitched the tension
plate c¹ is lifted by a lever c¹ so that a sufficient supply of thread is furnished to
admit the cutting off of the needle threads and the removal of the book from the
machine. The needle-threads are then again passed through the holes of the
plate m² and attached to the holes of the plate m and the next book then sewed
and so on
Having thus described my Invention I claim as new and desire to secure by
Letters Patent
1. The combination of a series of needle-bars arranged in two sets, means for
alternately actuating said sets of needle-bars; a single shuttle operating with
each set of needle-bars and means for "reciprocating the shuttle substantially as
set forth
2. The combination with an oscillating needle-plate, of a series of needle-bars
arranged in two alternating sets and means for alternately operating said sets,
substantially as specified
3. The combination of the oscillating needle plate b arms b¹, cam 6* fulcrumed
levers b³ be spring-cushioned lever 65 and rods 6 connecting the lever 6 with the
needle plate b¹ substantially as described
4. The combination, of two alternating sets of needle-bars c c laterally
reciprocating plate having straight and cam-grooves, fulcrumed levers fd and
f¹d having fingers passing through openings of the plate c³, slotted disc do, pin d
and inclines as substantially as set forth
5. The combination of the laterally-reciprocating plate c5 guide-rods c², pin c³,
spirally grooved oscillating worm c transmitting gears clo, as pinion e³ rack bar a²
and main shaft a having crank al connecting the rack-bars substantially as
set forth
6. The combination of the grooved plate co transverse guide-rods c³, shuttle e
shuttle driver e¹ and means for laterally reciprocating the grooved plate and
shuttle-driver substantially as set forth
7. The combination of the shuttle-driver e¹ having pairs of geared fingers e³ et,
with a shuttle g pointed at both ends and having bottom recesses for the reception
of said fingers, substantially as set forth.
8. The combination of the laterally reciprocating shuttle-driver c¹, a shuttle g
supported thereon and shuttle boxes h h one at each side of the oscillating needle-
plate frame said shuttle boxes having adjustable inclines h³ substantially as
set forth
9. The combination of the shuttle driver e¹ having pairs of geared fingers e³ e*,
a shuttle g having recesses for the fingers and a bottom slot, a bent lever es having
a heel e and a shuttle box h at each side of the middle plate-frame, said boxes
having inclines h³, substantially as set forth
10. The combination of the reciprocating needle bars c c², take up levers c¹¹ and
tension plate c¹ having lever c¹ and transverse guide-bars c² having holes, for the
passage of the needle threads, substantially as specified.
11. The combination of the lever 6 rack bar n³, pinion n', knocker n, pressure-
plate m² guide rails m', thread plate m and clutches m' the clutches being located
at the rear-ends of the rods m³ substantially as set forth
12. The combination with the needle-plate b and supporting plate 68, of alternating
sets of awl-holders o o¹, two sets of fulcrumed levers qr and q₁₁ and a stirrup i³
attached to the rail of the shuttle-driver and provided with inclines i¿¹ for
actuating the awl-holders, substantially as specified

page_text: 13. The combination of the
stirrup having inclined slots
said lever being actuated by a
set forth
transverse rail e having guide-pins 23 a sliding
and inclines i fulcrumed lever having pin i
finger on the oscillating shaft 6s substantially as
In Witness whereof I the said Rudolph Frank have hereunto set my hand and
seal this sixteenth day of May in the year One thousand eight hundred and eighty
four.
RUDOLPH FRANK (L.S.)