Improvements in Evaporating Apparatus.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 14th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1895
Improvements in Evaporating Apparatus.
I, ERNEST GEORGE SCOTT, of 67, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Consulting Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to evaporating apparatus of the kind wherein the liquid to
be evaporated or concentrated is allowed to flow in thin films over heated surfaces
in contact with the atmosphere.
The object of my invention is to provide an improved form of such apparatus so
as to obtain a maximum of evaporation with a minimum of heat in this form of
apparatus.
According to my invention I provide a vessel having at the bottom a series of
verticul tubes around which the heating medium such as steam passes and through
which the liquid to be treated flows, a constant stream of liquid to be treated being
introduced into the vessel so that the liquid will constantly flow therefrom down the
walls of the said tubes.
In order that the liquid flowing through the tubes shall be distributed as
evenly as possible over the inner surfaces thereof I groove or notch the same at the
tops.
As the liquid is flowing down through the said tubes in films air is drawn up
through the same and comes into intimate contact with the liquid thereby rapidly
carrying off the steam. To facilitate this I connect an exhausting apparatus to the
top of the vessel.
The liquid as it leaves the said tubes is collected in a tank or tray from which it
may be returned to the heating vessel until sufficiently concentrated.
Dated this 12th don of Anil 1804
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Evaporating Apparatus.
I, ERNEST GEORGE SCOTT, of 67, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Consulting Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to evaporating apparatus of the kind wherein the liquid to
be evaporated or concentrated is allowed to flow in thin films over heated surfaces
in contact with the atmosphere.
The object of my invention is to provide an improved form of such apparatus so
as to obtain a maximum of evaporation with a minimumn of heat in this form of
apparatus.
According to my invention I provide a vessel having a series of vertical tubes
around which the heating medium such as steam passes and through which the
liquid to be treated flows, a constant stream of liquid to be treated being introduced
into the vessel so that the liquid will constantly How therefrom down the walls of
the said tubes.

page_text: In order that the liquid flowing through the tubes shall be distributed as
evenly as possible over the inner surfaces thereof I groove or notch the same at the
tops.
As the liquid is flowing down through the said tubes in films air is drawn up
through the same and comes into intimate contact with the liquid, thereby rapidly
carrying off the vapour. To facilitate this I connect an exhausting apparatus to
the top of the vessel.
The liquid as it leaves the said tubes is collected in a tank or tray from which it
may be returned to the heating vessel until sufficiently concentrated.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawing, which represents my improved evaporating
apparatus in sectional elevation.
a is the shell or casing of the evaporating vessel which is preferably of cylindrical
shape and is mounted upon a frame or support b in such a manner as to permit of a
tanke being placed immediately beneath it.
d, d are the vertical tubes placed in the said vessel and open at their upper and lower
ends and carried in tube-plates in such a manner that a heating medium, such as steam,
will pass around the same; e being the steam inlet, and the outlet for the steam
and the water of condensation ; g is a cap placed upon the upper end of the said
vessel and provided with a Blackman or other fan h for causing an upward current
of air through the said tubes.
i is a small steam engine or other motor arranged upon the base frame and serving
to drive the fan h, for instance, by means of the belt j, and k is a pump also driven
by the said motor, for instance by means of the gear-wheels 1, and serving to
pump the liquid to be concentrated from the tank c to the upper end of the vertical
tubes d, d, down the inner walls of which it again flows in intimate contact with the
current of air passing up through the same.
As shewn in the drawing the delivery side of the pump is connected to a
tube m
which passes up through the apparatus and is then coiled round the upper tube
plate, as shewn at n, the said coiled part n being provided with perforations so as to
permit the liquid to be evenly distributed over the said tube plate.
In order to ensure an even flow of the liquid through the several tubes, the
said tubes extend a short distance above the upper tube plate and are notched as
shewn at o.
In the operation of the apparatus the liquid pumped from the tank c after
flowing down through the tubes d, d, again falls into the tank and is repeatedly
returned until the whole of the liquid in the tank is at the required degree of
concentration.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner. the same is to be- performed, I, declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved evaporating apparatus wherein the liquid to be concentrated is
delivered at the upper end of a series of vertical tubes adapted to be heated, and
flows down through the said tubes, a currcut of air being at the same time drawn up
through the tubes, substantially as described.
2. In
evaporating apparatus having a series of vertical tubes through which the
liquid flows in one direction whilst a current of air passes through the tubes in an
opposite direction, forming the upper end of the said. tubes with nicks or notches,
substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
3. The manufacture and use of the improved evaporating apparatus hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 14th day of January 1895.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.