IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING APPARATUS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Pelham Warren, of East Court, Cosham,
in the County of Hants, Commander in the Royal Navy, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING APPARATUS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES,"
Sealed the 25th June 1867, and dated the 31st December 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Pelham Warren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st December 1866.
I, FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County of
Hants, Commander in the Royal Navy, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING APPARATUS, PARTS OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for it object improvements in cooking apparatus, parts
of which improvements are applicable also to other purposes. I employ a
boiler having two wings or projecting parts, the main portion or body of such
boiler being continued upward some distance behind its projecting parts,
between which latter I place a fire-grate, so that the projecting parts of the
boiler form the sides or walls of the furnace or firc-place. I place an oven
below the grate and wings, or projecting parts of the boiler, and enclose the
whole within a suitable casing in such manner as to form flues for the passage
of the products of combustion from the grate, as herein-after mentioned;
the upper portion of this casing constitutes a hot plate; a part or parts of

page_text: this hot plate above the fire-grate is or are removable, thus forming an opening
through which fuel may be fed to the grate. Utensils for cooking by broiling,
frying, or otherwise, may likewise be conveniently placed above this opening
when desired. Behind the boiler and ovens is a hot closet or cupboard for
warming food and heating plates, dishes, and similar articles, or for drying
clothes, a space or flue being left between such hot closet or cupboard and
the boiler and oven. When the hot closet or cupboard is to be employed
for drying clothes I prefer to continue it upward somewhat above the top of
the boiler, a suitable casing being provided to form the requisite additional
length of flue, and in this case 1 by preference likewise conduct the products
of combustion across the upper portion of the drying closet by means of a
flue passing through or above the same. At the top of the hot closet a
ventilator is provided, such ventilator having by preference a pipe or pipes
leading into the flue or chimney to carry off the vapour arising from the damp
clothes in the closet, openings being provided at a lower level for the
admission of fresh air. The products of combustion after passing upward
from the grate to the under side of the hot plate and over the two projecting
wings of the boiler, then pass down flue spaces situated between the outer
casing of the apparatus and the wings of the boilers and sides of the oven
respectively to the under side of the latter, where guide plates are provided
for conducting the products of combustion along the sides of the under part of
the oven towards the front of the same, and thence between such guide plates
along the central portion of the oven into and up the flue space formed between
the backs of the oven and boiler and the hot closet; above the oven and
beneath the fire-grate is a rake capable of being moved backwards and forwards
along the top of the oven by means of a suitable rod or rods passing by
preference out through the front of the range for the purpose of removing
any ashes and cinders falling from the grate on to the top of the oven.
Cocking ranges as described may be constructed with either closed or open
fire-places as may be most convenient. The several flues have suitable doors
or openings for enabling them to Le properly swept, and for removing the
ashes therefrom, the boiler being likewise provided with cocks for withdrawing
water therefrom, and also with a gauge cock or gauge cocks for ascertaining
the level of the water in the boiler. In some cases I employ a pipe or pipes
for introducing fresh air through the flues into the apartment wherein the
apparatus is situated, such air being heated in its passage from the external
atmosphere through the pipe or pipes into the apartment. Cooking utensils
or steamers may be placed on the hot plate and at the sides of the apparatus,
and on the top of the heating closet, as a's, in some instances, upon the

page_text: top or the boller, arrangements being made in each case for supplying steam
from the boiler to such cooking utensils.
Cooking ranges or apparatus as described will be found very convenient
for army use in guard rooms, as also for household purposes; otherwise in
some cases, and particularly for use on shipboard, I employ instead of the
arrangement above described a grate or fire-place having a closed boiler above
it, and a boiler with an open top and a loose cover at one side of the first-
mentioned boiler. At one side of the grate and closed boiler is an oven
surrounded by a flue partly formed by the outer casing of the apparatus.
The hot closet or cupboard for warming food or drying plates and dishes
and other articles is in this case situated beneath the open boiler at the side
of the fire-place opposite to that at which the oven is placed. Behind the
closed boiler between it and the outer casing of the back part of the apparatus
is a fluo space, the lower portion of which is divided vertically or nearly so
by a partition or partitions, thus forming two flues or spaces surrounded by
a double damper so arranged that by drawing out a lever rod or handle situated
by preference at the side of the apparatus the one flue is opened and the
other simultaneously closed, the latter being re-opened and the former
re-closed by moving the lever rod or handle in the contrary direction. The
upper portion of the outer casing of the apparatus forms a hot plate upon
which utensils for boiling, stewing, and other purposes may be placed. The
products of combustion in one position of the damper pass by preference
upward from the grate or fire-place between the sides of the closed boiler
and oven to the top of the latter (where they are guided by plates respectively
to its back or end part and return to the front, from whence they are conducted
by a series of plates projecting from the oven along the outer side and under
the bottom of the oven to one of the two flues first mentioned, passing upward
into the main exit flue situated between the back parts of the closed boiler
and of the outer casing of the apparatus, the latter (as also in some cases
the sides of the apparatus) being formed or provided with shelves, pigeon
holes, or recesses, forming part of the apparatus, and fitted with a steam pipe
or pipes communicating with the boiler for the purpose of supplying steam
to cooking utensils placed on or in the shelves, pigeon holes, or recesses beforo
referred to, the connections between such utensils and the steam pipe or pipes
being so arranged as to permit the ready withdrawal of the utensils which are
prevented from moving out of their places through the rolling of the vessel
by means of bars or other equivalent or suitable arrangements provided for
the purpose. In the contrary position of the damper to that just explained,
that is to say, when it is moved so as to close the flue above referred to as

page_text: being open, and thus to open the flue at the other side then the products
of combustion will pass from the grate or fire-place under the open boiler,
along the flue space between it and the upper part of the closet or drying
cupboard, and up the side thereof over a vertical division or guide plate, thence
down again and under the bottom of the boiler to the flue before mentioned.
Sweeping doors are provided in various parts for the purpose of cleaning the
flues, and the boilers are furnished with suitable cocks for withdrawing their
contents and other purposes as may be requisite. In some instances I form
or provide ordinary or other cooking ranges with two boilers .so arranged as
that the one boiler situated partly over and partly at the side of the other, and
I provide pipes from the first-mentioned boiler for heating water and for
conducting steam to suitable steaming or cooking utensils placed upon the
hobs or in other convenient situations.
I would observe that the arrangements of cooking apparatus above described
may conveniently be more or less modified in detail to suit the requirements
of particular cases.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederic Pelham Warren in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th June 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County of Hants, Commander
in the Royal Navy, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederic Pelham Warren, Her special licence that I, the said Frederic
Pelham Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Frederic Pelham Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COOKING APPARATUS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE ALSO
TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Frederio Pelham Warren, my executors or administrators, by an instrument

page_text: in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in cooking apparatus, parts
of which improvements are applicable also to other purposes. I employ a
boiler having two wings or projecting parts, the main portion or body of such
boiler being continued upward some distance behind its projecting parts,
between which latter I place a fire-grate, so that the projecting parts of the
boiler form the sides or walls of the furnace or fire-place. I place an oven.
below the grate and wings or projecting parts of the boiler and enclose the
whole within a suitable casing in such manner as to form flues for the passage
of the products of combustion from the grate, as herein-after mentioned.. The
upper portion of this casing constitutes a hot plate; a part or parts of this
hot plate above the fire-grate is or are removable, thus forming an opening
through which fuel may be fed to the grate.. Utensils for cooking by broiling,
frying, or otherwise, may likewise be conveniently placed above this opening
when desired. Behind the boiler and oven is a hot closet or cupboard for
warming food and heating plates, dishes, and similar articles, or for drying
clothes, a space or flue being left between such hot closet or cupboard and
the boiler and oven. When the hot closet or cupboard is to be employed for
drying clothes I prefer to continue it upward somewhat above the top of the
boiler, a suitable casing being provided to form the requisite additional length
of flue, and in this case I, by preference, likewise conduct the products of
combustion across the upper portion of the drying closet by means of a flue
passing through or above the same. At the top of the hot closet a ventilator
is provided, such ventilator having by preference a pipe or pipes leading into
the flue or chimney to carry off the vapour arising from the damp clothes in
the closet, openings being provided at a lower level for the admission of fresh
air. The products of combustion after passing upward from the grate to the
under side of the hot plate and over the two projecting wings of the boiler
then pass down flue spaces situated between the outer casing of the apparatus
and the wings of the boiler and sides of the oven respectively to the under
side of the latter, where guide plates are provided for conducting the products

page_text: of combustion along the sides of the under part of the oven towards the front
of the same, and thence between such guide plates along the central portion
of the oven into and up the flue space formed between the backs of the oven
and boiler and the hot closet. Above the oven beneath the fire-grate is a rake
capable of being moved backwards and forwards along the top of the oven by
means of a suitable rod or rods passing, by preference, out through the front
of the range for the purpose of removing any ashes and cinders falling from
the grate on to the top of the oven.
Cooking ranges as described may be constructed with either closed or
open fire-places, as may be most convenient. The several flues have suitable
doors or openings for enabling them to be properly swept and for removing
the ashes therefrom, the boiler being likewise provided with cocks for with-
drawing water therefrom, and also with a gauge cock or gauge cocks for
ascertaining the level of the water in the boiler. In some cases I employ a
pipe or pipes for introducing fresh air through the flues into the apartment
wherein the apparatus is situated, such air being heated in its passage from
the external atmosphere through the pipe or pipes into the apartment.
Cooking utensils or steamers may be placed on the hot plate and at the sides
of the apparatus and on the top of the heating closet, as also, in some
instances, upon the top of the boiler, arrangements being made in each case
for supplying steam from the boiler to such cooking utensils.
Cooking ranges and apparatus as described will be found very convenient
for army use in guard rooms, as also for household purposes; otherwise in
some cases, and particularly for use on shipboard, I employ, instead of tho
arrangement above described, .a grate or fire-place having a closed boiler
above it, and a boiler with an open top and a loose cover at one side of the
first-mentioned boiler. At one side of the grate and closed boiler is an oven
surrounded by a flue partly formed by the outer casing of the apparatus; the
hot closet or cupboard for warming food or drying plates and dishes and other
articles is in this case situated beneath the open boiler at the side of the fire-
place opposite to that at which the oven is placed. Behind the closed boiler
between it and the outer casing of the back part of the apparatus is a flue
space, the lower portion of which is divided vertically, or nearly so, by a
partition or partitions, thus forming two flues or spaces surmounted by a
double damper so arranged that by drawing out a lever rod or handle situated,
by preference, at the side of the apparatus the one flue is opened and the
other simultaneously closed, the latter being re-opened and the former re-closed
by moving the lever rod or handle in the contrary direction. The upper
portion of the outer casing of the apparatus forms a hot plate upon which

page_text: utensils for boiling, stewing, and other purposes may be placed. The products
of combustion in one position of the damper pass, by preference, upward from
the grate or fire-place between the sides of the closed boiler and oven to the
top of the latter, where they are guided by plates respectively to its back or
end part and return to the front, from whence they are conducted by a series
of plates projecting from the oven along the outer side and under the bottom
of the oven to one of the two flues first mentioned, passing upward into the
main exit flue situated between the back parts of the closed boiler and of the
outer casing of the apparatus, the latter (as also in some cases the sides of the
apparatus) being formed or provided with shelves, pigeon holes, or recesses,
forming part of the apparatus, and fitted with a steam pipe or pipes com-
municating with the boiler for the purpose of supplying steam to cooking
utensils placed on or in the shelves, pigeon holes, or recesses before referred
to, the connections between such utensils and the steam pipe or pipes being
so arranged as to permit the ready withdrawal of the utensils, which are
prevented from moving out of their places through the rolling of the vessel
by means of bars or other equivalent or suitable arrangements provided for
the purpose. In the contrary position of the damper to that just explained,
that is to say, when it is moved so as to close the flue above referred to as
being open, and thus to open the flue at the other side, then the products
of combustion will pass from the grate or fire-place under the open boiler,
along the flue space between it and the upper part of the closet or drying
cupboard and up the side thereof over a vertical division or guide plate, thence
down again and under the bottom of the boiler to the flue before mentioned.
Sweeping doors are provided in various parts for the purpose of cleaning the
flues, and the boilers are furnished with suitable cocks for withdrawing their
contents and other purposes, as may be requisite. In some instances I form
or provide ordinary or other cooking ranges with two boilers so arranged as
that the one boiler is situated partly over and partly at the side of the other,
and I provido pipes from the first-mentioned boiler for heating water and for
conducting steam to suitable steaming or cooking utensils placed upon the
hobs or in other convenient situations, as shewn in Fig. 14 (Sheet 2).
I would observe that the arrangements of cooking apparatus above described
may conveniently be more or less modified in detail to suit the requirements
of particular cases.
The manner of carrying my said Invention into effect will be fully
understood on reference to the accompanying Drawings, and to the following
description of the same.
ZOL
Chantalovation of a noaking

page_text: according to my Invention; Fig. 2, a section of the apparatus taken through
the line A, B, of Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is a plan of the apparatus; Fig. 4, a sec-
tional plan taken through the line C, D, of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 (Sheet 2) is a
section of the apparatus taken through the line E, F, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 6
a plan, partly in section, through the line G, H, of Fig. 2.
a is the boiler having two wings or projecting parts a¹ and a³, the main
portion or body a of the boiler being continued upward some distance behind
its projecting parts a³, a³, between which latter is placed the fire-grate c, so
that the projecting parts of the boiler form the sides or walls of the furnace
or fire-place; d is the oven situated below the grate ce and wings a', a', of the
boiler, and the whole is enclosed within the casing e, thus forming flues f, the
upper portion of the casing e constituting a hot plate, the parts &,, of
which are removable, thus forming an opening through which fuel may be
fed to the grate; g is an opening for the admission of air to effect the proper
combustion of the fuel on the grate c. As already explained, utensils for
cooking by broiling, frying, or otherwise, may be conveniently placed above
the opening in the hot plate when desired. h is the hot closet situated behind
the boiler a and oven d, and intended for warming food and heating plates,
dishes, and similar articles, or for drying clothes, i being the space or flue
left between such hot closet or cupboard and the boiler and oven.
Fig. 7 shews the manner in which I prefer to continue the hot closet h
upward above the top of the boiler when it is intended to be employed for
drying clothes, the hot closet being shewn in section. K is the casing pro-
vided to form the requisite additional length of flue I, and m the flue by which
I conduct the products of combustion across the upper portion of the drying
closet; n is the ventilator at at the top of the hot closet, and which may be
conveniently provided with a pipe or pipes leading into the flue or chimney to
carry off the vapour arising from the damp clothes in the closet, as herein-
before explained; openings being provided at a lower level, as shewn, for
the admission of fresh air. The products of combustion after passing upward
from the grate c to the under side of the hot plate and over the two pro-
jecting wings a¹, a³, of the boiler then pass down the flue spaces f situated
between the outer casing e of the apparatus, and the wings a¹, a³, of the
boiler and the sides of the oven d respectively to the under side of the oven,
where guide plates f¹, f³, are provided for conducting the products of com-
bustion along the sides of the under part of the oven towards the front of the
same, and thence between the guide plates f¹, fs, along the central portion d¹
of the oven into and up the flue space i formed between the backs of the oven
and boiler and the hot closet; p is the rake capable of being moved back-

page_text: wards and forwards along the top of the oven by means of its rod p¹ passing
out through the front of the range for the purpose of removing any ashes
and cinders falling from the grate on to the top of the oven. As before men-
tioned, suitable doors or openings are provided for enabling the flues to be
properly swept, and for removing the ashes therefrom; g are the cocks for
withdrawing water from the boiler.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 (Sheet 3) shew to a reduced scale the
arrangement of apparatus which I prefer to employ on shipboard; Fig. 8
being a front elevation of the apparatus; Fig. 9, a side view; Fig. 10, an
elevation of the back of the apparatus; Fig. 11, a section of the apparatus
taken through the line I, K, of Fig. 13; Fig. 12, a section through the line
L, M, of Fig. 11; and Fig. 13 a sectional plan of the apparatus taken
through the line N, O, of Fig. 11. c is the grate or fire-place; a, the closed
boiler above the grate, and a³ the boiler with an open top and a loose cover
at one side of the boiler a; d, the oven surrounded by the flue ƒ partly formed
by the outer casing of the apparatus h; the hot closet or cupboard for
warming food or drying plates and dishes and other articles situated beneath
the open boiler a³. Behind the closed boiler, between it and the outer casing
of the back part of the apparatus, is the flue space, the lower portion of which
is divided vertically or nearly so by a partition r, thus forming two flues or
spaces f, f, surmounted by a double damper fo, so arranged that by drawing
out a handle f' situated at the side of the apparatus the one flue is opened
and the other simultaneously closed; the latter being re-opened and the former
re-closed by moving the lever rod or handle in the contrary direction; e³ is
the upper portion of the outer casing of the apparatus which forms a hot plate,
upon which utensils for boiling, stewing, and other purposes may be placed.
When the damper is in the position shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 13 the
products of combustion pass upward from the grate or fire-place c between
the sides of the closed boiler a and oven d to the top of the latter, where they
are guided by the plate f¹ respectively to the back or end part of the oven
and return to the front, whence they are conducted by the series of plates f*
(projecting from the oven) along the outer side and under the bottom of the
oven to the flue f³, passing upward into the main exit flue ƒ³ situated between
the back part of the closed boiler a and the outer casing of the apparatus; s, are
shelves or pigeon holes, forming part of the apparatus, and fitted with steam
pipes t communicating with the boiler for the purpose of supplying steam to
the cooking utensils u placed on the shelves, the connections between such
utensils and the steam pipe or pipes being so arranged as to permit the ready
withdrawal of the utensils, which are prevented from moving out of their

page_text: places through the rolling of the vessel by means of the bars v. When the
damper is in the position shewn in full in Fig. 13, that is to say, when it is
moved so as to close the flue f" and thus to open the fluef, then the pro-
ducts of combustion pass from the grate or fire-place c under the open
boiler a³, along the flue space f' between it and the upper part of the closet h
and up the side of the latter over the vertical division f", thence down again
and under the bottom of the boiler to the flue f*.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be conveniently carried into effect; I would distinctly
point out that I do not confine or limit myself to the precise forms or details
described and represented, as the same are capable of being more or less
modified to suit the requirements of particular cases without departing from
the distinctive features of my Invention; with reference to which I claim the
general arrangements and combinations of parts constituting apparatus for
the purposes described, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN. (L.S.)