Improvements in Wheels.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 31st May, 1894-Accepted, 7th July, 1894
mprovements
I RICHARD GEORGE BENNETT of 9 Kelmscott Road, Wandsworth Common,
London, S.W. Accountant do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention has reference to improvements in elastic wheels for heavy vehicles,
the object being to form a strong wheel with safety rests all round the wheel so
that the elastic cushions of rubber compressed air, or whatever suitable material is
used, may be protected to some extent from the heavy pressure. Fig. 1 in the
annexed drawing shows the safety rests, three at S. S. & S. the rubber cushions
at RR protected by suitable shields against the tread T, with its flange F.
P is the moveable plate for joining all together, the bolts B fit tightly P and P 2 the
back plate, but the holes in the flange F of the tread T, are large to admit of the
tread moveing to its full extent without touching the bolts B, Fig. 2 is a side
elevation showing front plate P fixed by bolts, Fig. 3 is a side elevation with
piece of the back plate removed showing part R the rubber cushion with its shield,
and the holes H larger than the bolts to allow of the tread movement, Fig. 4 shows
five safety rests at the tread and the elastic cushions at R. R. Fig. 5 shows a very
elastic wheel with tread T and the safety rests at S. S. A tread flange may be used
as shown by the dotted lines, in which case the holes in the flange through which
the bolts pass at B, must be large enough to allow full play of the tread and box
containing the rubbers, without touching the bolts B, the axle A rubbers R and
tread T may be any suitable distances apart.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wheels.
I, RICHARD GEORGE BENNETT of 9 Kelmscott Road, Wandsworth Common,
London, S. W., Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to improvements in elastic or cushion wheels, and
consists in improvements upon a former invention for which Letters Patent
No. 11,793 of 1893, have been granted me.
This invention relates to elastic or cushion wheels. I make a double plated elastic
wheel for common roads; the plates may be of any desired shape and thickness,
Fig. 1, of metal or any suitable material, with projections to act as safety
rests, S, SS, for the tire or tread. Fig. 1. P. A and S, show the back plate
and hub in one; over this at S. is placed an annular rubber cushion R., covered
with a thin shield of metal or suitable material M, to protect the india rubber or
other elastic material while forcing on the tire or tread T, with its flange F; I then
force on the tire or tread T, with its flange F, in which flange holes larger than the
bolts or rivets are previously made; I take the moveable front plate P, S', and S³,
and another annular rubber cushion covered with a thin shield of metal or suitable
material M, (which may or may not have holes) to protect the rubber cushion ;
гр.

page_text: curs moveable plate P. S, and S³, is forced on the flange F, and under the tire or
tread T; the holes through the front and back plates for the bolts or rivets B, are
made to fit the bolts or rivets tightly, but the center holes in the flange F. are
larger to allow of the tire or tread moving on the elastic cushions R. and R²,
without the flange cutting or bending the bolts or rivets. S, S³, and S³ act as
safety rests to protect the elastic cushions R. and R2, when the wheel is subject to
very heavy pressure at the tire or tread, under certain circumstances the
rests S. and S2, can be omitted, and Ss alone left to bear the pressure, or I do
without the moveable plate and use only one annular rubber as follows: I take a
rail or tramcar wheel, of metal, wood, or suitable substance, and of suitable size,
shape and flange, see Fig. 1A; S and S4, forming the safety rests, then fit an
annular rubber R,-fastened over R, is a band or shield M, of suitable substance
such as metal, etc.-and I force over it the tire T, the bolts B are fitted tight
through the wheel, and pass through the larger holes of the tire or tread flange F,
at H, these holes being round and large enough to prevent the tire or tread flange F
cutting the bolts or rivets when the tire or tread is under great pressure; or 1
take a common road wheel of any kind, it may be of wood, metal, or other
suitable substance and size; I form the felloe or rim of suitable shape, or I fix
on the felloe or rim an annular metal rim of suitable shape, see Fig 1B,
but I do not bind myself to this shape only, as other shapes may be made to do
for the purpose, or I build up a suitably shaped wheel, over which I place the
annular rubber R, or other elastic with its shield, and proceed as in Fig. 14, the
tire or tread in this case will be without the outer rail flange, as this wheel is for
common roads, and it may be with or without the safety rest S. Fig. 1ª according
to the pressure.
B²,
In some cases a guard of metal or other suitable substance may be fitted to the
wheel, or tire or tread, to keep out water, mud, dust, etc., from the elastic cushions,
as shown in the sketch Fig. 1B at G., this for all wheels, railway, common road, etc.
To the wheel Fig. 5, I place the safety rests shown in the sketch at S. and S. and
add or not, the dotted flange F with large holes, these holes being larger than the
bolts or rivets to allow the bolts or rivets to pass through, and yet give play to the
tire or tread without the flange of the tire or tread touching the bolts or rivets.
(The annular rubbers are at R and R, T the tread.)
.
For greater security in binding the rubber or elastic material R. to the shields
when of metal etc. holes may be made therein and the rubber vulcanized or
cemented thereto (with or without the holes).
The heads of the bolts or rivets when directly in contact with the flange F.
must of course be larger than the holes in the flange, to hold the said flange F.
against the wheel center.
Fig. 1 shows a tire or tread tapering on its inside, so that it is easier to be put
on and off the annular rubber with or without the projection J. to act as
safety rest.
a
Figs. 6 and 7 are elevations of wheels, Fig. 3 shows elevation, rivet hole at H,
rubber cushion at R, and shield at M, exposed, Fig. 2, side elevation of Fig. 1.
The annular rubbers may if wanted, be fluted, corrugated etc., to fit over
projections on the wheel center to prevent the annular rubbers slipping round.
The play of the tire or tread on the rubber is exaggerated in the drawings,
especially Fig. 5, the movement should be no more than allowed for by the holes
being larger than the rivets, if the holes are only say inch larger than the rivets
or bolts, the play of the tire or tread must be only inch, otherwise the tread or
tire flange, will cut the bolts or rivets.
I do not bind myself to use only india rubber for the cushions, as other elastics
may be used according to the work, or weight to be carried, nor do I bind myself
to use only metal shields to protect the cushions from the tires, this also depends
upon the pressure on the elastics, the metal tire or tread may taper slightly on its
inside, so that it can be the easier put on and off the cushions. In some cases the
metal shield may be dispensed with.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a double-plated cushioned wheel for common roads the plates may be of
any suitable shape and thickness, Fig. 1, of metal or any suitable material. One
or more annular formations S, S³ & S³ to act as safety rests for the tire or tread,
a back plate and hub in one A, S, and P. A front moveable plate, P. S & S³,.
a tire or tread T, of suitable material, with an inner rigid center flange F, and
suitable holes in the said flange F. large enough to allow play of the flange from
the elastic cushions without cutting the bolts or rivets which pass through the
said flange F. Two annular rubbers R. and R2, covered or not with suitable
protective shields, substantially as set forth and indicated, or any mere variation.
from or modifications of the same, as applicable for every kind of wheels not used.
as rail-wheels or as tram-car wheels.
2. In a cushioned railway or tramway wheel of metal, wood, or any suitable
substance the tread having an inner rigid end flange F, see Fig. 1^, with holes in.
the flange F. to allow of the tread moving on the elastic. One or more safety
rests S& S', an annular rubber R, of any suitable size, and fastened to and over R,.
a band or shield of metal, or suitable substance M, and over R and M, a metal.
or suitable material tire or tread T, with an inner rigid end flange F, fastened
against the wheel by side bolts or rivets B, and with suitable holes in the said.
flange F, larger than the bolts or rivets to give the said flange F play from the
elastic cushion without cutting the bolts or rivets B., the bolts or rivets passing
through the said flange F, sec H. Fig. 1A, and a guard G, substantially as set forth.
and indicated or any mere variation from or modification of the same, as applicable:
for the wheels of railway or tramway cars or light railway vehicles.
3. In a wheel for common roads, such wheel being of wood, metal, or other
suitable substance, the felloe or rim formed in suitable shape to fix on this felloe
or rim an annular rim of metal, wood, or suitable substance of suitable shape, see
Fig. 1B at B², over which to place the annular rubber or other elastic R, covered
or not with a protective shield, M, of metal or any suitable substance. Over
R & M a metal or suitable substance tire or tread T, with an inner rigid end
flange F, fastened against the wheel by side bolts or rivets B, through which said
flange F, are suitable holes large enough to allow play of the said flange F, from
the elastic cushion, without cutting the bolts or rivets B, substantially as set forth
and indicated or any mere variation from or modification of the same as applicable
to the wheels of carriages, cabs, omnibuses, trucks, and all kinds of vehicles
propelled by manual labour, horses, steam, electric, or other motive power, on
common roads, wharves, railway platforms, &c.
4. The right to apply this invention to every kind of suitable wheel not specially
made for this invention, excepting rail-wheels and tram-car wheels.
5. The right to apply this invention to every kind of suitable wheel not specially
made for this invention, including rail-wheels and tram-car wheels.
6. In the wheel, Fig. 5, the right to fix the safety rests S and S, and the dotted
flange F, with large suitable holes for the bolts or rivets to pass through, so that
the flange F, may have play without cutting the bolts or rivets.
7. In a cushioned wheel, a guard of metal, or other suitable substance, fitted on
to the wheel, or tire or tread, to keep out water, mud, dust, etc., from the rubber
cushions, as shewn in the sketches at G. This for all wheels, railway, common
road, and all other kind of wheels, if cushioned, should a guard be necessary and
not otherwise formed on the wheels.
8. In a cushioned wheel, a tire or tread with or without an outer flange, and
tapering on its inside, see Fig. 1°, so made, that it is easier to be put on and off
the annular rubbers or elastics and the wheel center and with or without an inner
projection, J, to act as a safety rest, and with a rigid inuer end flange F,
and suitable holes H, in the said flange large enough to allow the flange to

page_text: play round the rivets or bolts from the elastic cushion, without cutting the
rivets or bolts that pass through the said flange. For road wheels and for rail
wheels.
9. The right to place on the tire of a flange-wheel, Fig. 1° at K, an annular
rubber or other elastic of suitable size, with or without protective shield, and
over this, a tire or tread of suitable shape, at T, (the flange of the wheel K and
projection of the tire J acting as safety rests, or the tire or tread without the
projection J, according to the work to be done) with the suitable rigid flange, and
holes in the flange of the tire or tread T, at H. larger than the bolts or rivets
which pass through it, and large enough to give the said flange play from
the elastic cushion, without cutting the bolts or rivets, substantially as Bet
forth and indicated, or any mere variation from or modification of the same as
applicable for every kind of vehicle wheel, including those used on railroads,
tramways and common roads.
10. Á shield of metal, or other suitable substance with an annular rubber,
with or without holes in the shield covering the rubber or elastic material R,
and over which shield the tire or tread is forced, as applicable to elastic
wheels with tires with inner rigid end flanges, with suitable holes in such flanges
large enough to allow the flange to play round the rivets or bolts from the elastic
cushion, without cutting the bolts or rivets, that pass through the said flange F,
(this claim does not apply to Fig. 5).
11. A tire or tread T for a cushion wheel, of metal or suitable material, with
an inner rigid end flange F, and with holes in such flange large enough to allow
the flange to play round the rivets or bolts from the elastic cushion, without cutting
the bolts or rivets that pass through the said flange F. at H. Figs. 14, 1B,
and 1°. The tire or tread may be with or without an outer flange, to make the
wheel suitable for rails or common roads.
Dated this 31st day of May 1894