Improvements in Wheel or Spoke and other Brushes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd July, 1894-Accepted, 4th Aug.,
1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wheel or Spoke and other Brushes.
I, ROBERT CHARLTON TURNER, trading as Turner & Son, Wholesale Brush
Manufacturers, 19, Houndsditch, in the County of London, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to wheel or spoke or other brushes and is chiefly designed
to increase the durability and efficiency of such articles.
Wheel or spoke brushes, as hitherto generally constructed comprise a board
provided with holes in which the bristles are secured, and a back or cover which is
secured, usually by glue and screws, to the said board on the side thereof remote
from the bristles. This back or cover is generally made of triangular form in
transverse section so that the brush may be employed in corners, or other confined
situations.
Now it has been found in practice that the backs of these brushes are liable to
become loosened and detached from the board by reason of the water with which
they are used penetrating the joint and dissolving away the glue therein. Moreover
the hard ridge or angle along the top of the back is liable to injure the paint or
varnish of the wheel and other parts of the vehicle should it be brought into
contact therewith.
Now according to one part of my invention I obviate the inconvenience arising
from the separation of the back and board of the brush by employing in place of
these two parts, a block or board of wood preferably of square or oblong cross-
section and of the required length and forming a longitudinal slot in one of the sides
thereof; from one of the outer surfaces of the block preferably a surface parallel
to the said slot, I drill rows of holes at the usual or other suitable angles passing
through one of the side walls and into the said slot. The bristles are then inserted
into the said holes and their inner ends secured inside the slot by wiring, glue or in
any suitable manner. A strip of wood is fitted so as to close up the said slot and
The block of wood
fastened by screws, glue or in any other convenient manner.
forming the brush-back or handle may now be shaped and finished as desired, or
the final form may be partly given thereto before the insertion of the bristles.
this manner I am able to make a brush which is capable of resisting the action of
water and rough usage without damage.
In
According to another part of my said invention I provide a row of soft bristles
along the outer ridge at the back of the brush. These bristles are either inserted
and secured in holes passing into the above described longitudinal slot or, in the
case of brushes as constructed hitherto with a separate board and back I secure the
said bristles in holes passing through the said back. In this manner I am enabled
to provide a very efficient pad or cushion to prevent damage to the paint or varnish
of the vehicle, which cushion is, moreover, not liable to be displaced by rough
usage, the action of water and the like.
It is obvious that the two portions of my said invention may be employed either
alone or in combination and the details of "construction somewhat modified without
departing from the nature of my said invention.
Dated the 2nd day of October 1893.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPÉCIFICATION.
Improvements in Wheel or Spoke and other Brushes.
I, ROBERT CHARLTON TURNER, trading as Turner & Son, Wholesale Brush
Manufacturers, 19, Houndsditch, in the County of London, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
My invention relates to wheel or spoke and other brushes, and is chiefly designed
to increase the durability and efficiency of such articles.
Wheel or spoke brushes, as hitherto generally constructed, comprise a board
provided with holes in which the bristles are secured, and a back or cover which is
attached, usually by glue and by screws, to the said board on the side thereof
remote from the bristles. This back or cover is generally made of triangular form
in transverse section so that the brush may be effectively used in corners, or other
confined situations, as, for instance, between the spokes of a wheel near the hub or
the felloe thereof.
Now it has been found in practice that the backs of these brushes are liable to
become warped or loosened and detached from the board by reason of the water
with which they are used, penetrating the joint and dissolving away the glue therein.
Moreover the hard ridge or angle along the top of the said back or cover is liable
to injure the paint or varnish of the wheel and other parts of the vehicle, should it
be brought into contact therewith.
Now according to one part of my invention, I obviate the inconvenience arising
from the separation of the back or cover and board of the brush, by employing, in
place of these two parts, a solid block or board having a longitudinal slot or groove
therein, which, after the bristles have been secured in place, is filled up by the
insertion of a strip of wood or other suitable material, the said strip being secured
in place by means of glue or by screws or in any other convenient manner.
According to another part of my said invention, I provide a row of soft bristles
along the outer ridge at the back of the brush. These bristles are either inserted
and secured in holes passing into the above mentioned longitudinal slot, or, in the
case of brushes as hitherto constructed having a separate board and back or cover,
I secure the said bristles in holes passing through the said back or cover. In this
manner I am enabled to provide a very efficient pad or cushion to prevent injury
to the paint or varnish of the vehicle, which cushion is, moreover, not liable to be
displaced by rough usage, or by the action of water and the like. This row of
bristles further serves as a very efficient means of cleaning the parts at the bottom
of very narrow and closely set spokes, and other parts which cannot easily be
cleaned with the ordinary spoke-brushes.
In the accompanying drawing I have shown how my said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a transverse section showing my improved spoke-brush in course of
manufacture.
Figure 2 is a side elevation, drawn to a reduced scale, and
Figure 3 a transverse section, showing my improved spoke-brush in its finished
condition.
Figure 4 is a side elevation, drawn to a reduced scale, showing another form of
my improved spoke-brush.
In making a spoke-brush according to my said invention, I find it advantageous
to proceed as follows, that is to say I take a block or board a of wood or other
suitable material, preferably of square or oblong shape in transverse section and of
the required length, and I form a longitudinal slot or groove b in one side thereof;
from one of the outer surfaces of the block, preferably a surface parallel to the
said slot or groove, I drill rows of holes c at the usual or other suitable angles,
passing through one of the side walls and into the said slot or groove.
The

page_text: bristles d are then drawn into the said holes and secured inside the slot or groove
In making a brush with a
by wiring, or by glue or in any other suitable manner.
cushion along the ridge of the block or board, I also drill holes c¹ through the
ridge and draw into the same the bristles d' which are secured in place like the
bristles d. A stripe of wood or other suitable material is then fitted into the said
slot or groove b, so as to close or fill up the same, and is securely fastened therein
The block a forming
by screws, or by glue or in any other convenient manner.
with the strip e the brush-back or handle, is then shaped and finished as desired;
or, if desired, the final form may be partly given thereto before the insertion of the
bristles. In this manner I am able to make a brush which is capable of resisting
the action of water and rough usage without damage, and which is so constructed
that the water cannot get to the wiring or glue securing the bristles.
The bristles d are shown arranged in four rows on one side of the board and the
bristles d¹ in a single row on the other side of the board which is afterwards to form
the ridge or angle thereof.
In Figure 4 I have shown a spoke-brush constructed without any cushion of
bristles along the ridge of the block or board thereof.
The cushion above described, being composed of bristles, possesses the advantage
over cushions of india-rubber, leather or the like, that it is more durable and is not
liable to become loosened or detached when subjected to the action of water.
It is obvious that either part of my said invention may be employed either
alone or in combination with the other part thereof, and that the details of
construction may be somewhat modified without departing from the nature of my
said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. A spoke or other brush constructed without a separate back or cover and
having in the board thereof a longitudinal slot or groove for the purpose specified,
which, after the introduction of the bristles, is filled or closed by a strip of wood or
other suitable material.
Second. The manufacture of a spoke or other brush by first forming a longi-
tudinal slot or groove in the side of a block or board of suitable dimensions, then
forming holes in the said board extending from the exterior into the said slot or
groove, drawing the bristles into such holes and securing them in place, and then
filling or closing up the said slot or groove by means of a strip of wood or other
suitable material, substantially as set forth.
Third. A wheel or spoke brush having a cushion along the ridge of the back or
board thereof, composed of bristles, substantially as, and for the purposes, herein-
before described.
Fourth. The improved wheel or spoke brush constructed substantially as
described with reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3 or to Figure 4 of the drawing.
Dated the 2nd day of July 1894.
D. YOUNG & CO.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.