Improvements in Pneumatic or Elastic Cushion Tires.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1900-Accepted, 25th Aug., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic or Elastic Cushion Tires.
I, LOUIS DE FRANKLIN MUNGER, of 46, Cedar Street, in the City of New York,
County of New York and State of New York, United States of America, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in pneumatic or, elastic cushion tires
for vehicle wheels, its object being to provide an improved means of attachment
of the tire to the wheel rim or felly, and especially designed for the driving
wheels of automobiles.
as
serves
To this end my invention consists essentially in constructing the tire with a
metallic base or band permanently secured thereon as by vulcanizing, in the
the means for attaching
manner hereinafter described, which
the tire to the wheel. Thus the tire base instead of the tire is directly attached to
the tire by the attaching devices. It has been practically demonstrated that
the cement and other means commonly used for attaching pneumatic tires to
It has
bicycle wheels and the like are inefficient for heavy traction wheels.
also been found, where fittings for fastening the tire to the wheel rim have been
built into the tire itself, that such construction greatly weakens the tire, and the
tire being secured only at individual points to the wheel rim, the strain at these
points has destructive effect upon the tire.
My invention also comprises such a construction of the felly and tire base
that these parts will be practically self-united, exerting but slight strain on the
bolts securing the base, and yet that the base and tire can be readily and quickly
attached to and detached from the felly without the use of special apparatus
and while keeping the tire in a state of inflation.
In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, Fig. 1 is a
cross section of a tire and a wheel rim fitted with my improvements; Fig. 2, is
a side elevation of a wheel rim and tire secured thereon by my improvement, and
Fig. 3. is a detail of the securing devices.
In the drawings A represents the tire. B the wheel rim or felly, and C the
metallic base of the tire. This base is shown as preferably made of an annular
metal tube formed, by rolls or otherwise so that its outer surface or periphery
conforms to the shape of the inner periphery of the tire, and the inner periphery
of the tube conforms to the face of the wheel rim or felly to which it is attached.
The preferred construction of these various parts is illustrated in Fig. 1, the
tire being circular in cross section, and the face of the wheel rim or felly being
flat. The face of the felly is slightly inclined or at an angle with the axle, the
outer diameter of the wheel being the smaller to form a tapering fit for the
tire base, to assist in the work of slipping the tire on or off the wheel for the
purpose of attachment, this angle being slight and hardly discernible in the
drawings.
The outer side of the base is also longer than the other so as to form an
inclined under surface which will conform to the felly and make the tapered fit
desenibed

page_text: Owing to the impracticability of making a perfectly circular metallic tire
base that will have a close and perfect fit over a metallic circular felly or
rim it is the usual custom either to cut the tire so as to make free ends or to
make it in two parts and apply it to the wheel or to force it thereon under
pressure. With metallic bands or tires not so applied great difficulty is
encountered in producing a close fit between the parts and in removing the band
or tire after it has been placed in position. With the tapered base and felly of
my construction, in attaching the base to the felly the larger circumference of
the base can be easily slipped over the small outer circumference of the felly
and forced over the inclined surface of the latter into proper position. When in
place these wedge-shaped surfaces form a close locking fit and also resist any
tendency to further inward movement of the band on the felly due to strain on
the tire in turning corners. By this locking action, strain on the securing bolts
of the band will be greatly relieved. In removing the band it is merely necessary
to back off the base slightly from the felly when it can be easily slipped down
and off the inclined. surface. The operations of attaching and detaching the tire
and its base can be performed without deflating the tire.
In constructing my improvement the tire is vulcanized upon the tire base.
and a shoulder or rib 2 is formed on each side of the tire to rest upon the folded
edge 3 of the base. thus furnishing an additional support for the tire and
tending to prevent chafing of the same., The rubber at the shoulders is extended
down and vulcanized on and over the folded edge of the base to form an elastic
edge or joint of the fire at that point, whereby when the tire is subjected to
a lateral strain or distortion at that point, as on turning the vehicle a short
corner such strain or distortion is taken up by such elastic joint, and strain, tear-
ing or loosening of that portion of the tire vulcanized to the face of the base is
entirely prevented. 4 and 5 are annular clamp rings adapted to be secured
upon the opposite sides of the felly and projecting outward to bear upon and
engage the tire base. These clamps are preferably secured in place by means
of bolts 6 passing through the felly and the rings. To prevent the tire base from
creeping" or slipping circumferentially between the clamp rings, I prefer
to provide upon the rings, studs or projections 7, which enter corresponding
sockets or openings in, the tire base, and firmly anchor the latter in place.
It is obvious that various modifications of my improvement may be made with-
out departing from the idea of the invention, which is to provide a metallic base
or supporting means of the form and character described and shown. secured upon
the inner periphery of the tire and as a permanent part thereof, and adapted
to be detachably connected to the wheel.
Dated this 12th day of September 1899.
LOUIS DE F. MUNGER.
W. P. Thompson & Co.,
Agents.
Improvements in Pneumatic or Elastic Cushion Tires.
I, LOUIS DE FRANKLIN MUNGER, of 46, Cedar Street, in the City of New York, 4
County of New York and State of New York, United States of America, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in pneumatic or elastic cushion tires

page_text: for vehicle wheels, its object being to provide an improved means of attachment
of the tire to the wheel rim or felly, and especially designed for the driving
wheels of automobiles.
To this end my invention consists essentially in constructing the tire with a
metallic base or band permanently secured thereon as by vulcanizing, in the
manner hereinafter described and claimed, which serves as the means for attaching
the tire to the wheel. Thus the tire base instead of the tire is directly attached to
the tire by the attaching devices. It has been practically demonstrated that
the cement and other means commonly used for attaching pneumatic tires to
bicycle wheels and the like are inefficient for heavy traction wheels. It has
also been found, where fittings for fastening, the tire to the wheel rim have been
built into the tire itself, that such construction greatly weakens the tire, and the
tire being secured only at individual points to the wheel rim, the strain at these
points has destructive effect upon the tire.
My invention also comprises such a construction of the felly and tire base
that these parts will be practically self-united, exerting but slight strain on the
bolts securing the base and yet that the base and tire can be readily and quickly
attached to and detached from the felly without the use of special apparatus
and while keeping the tire in a state of inflation.
In the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification,
Figure 1 is a cross section of a tire and a wheel rim fitted with my improve-
ment;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of a wheel rim and tire secured thereon by my
improvement, and
Figure 3 is a detail of the securing devices.
In the drawings A represents the tire, B the wheel rim or felly, and C the
metallic base of the tire. This base as shown is made preferably of an annular
metal tube formed by rolls or otherwise so that its outer surface or periphery
conforms to the shape of the inner periphery of the tire, and the inner periphery
of the tube conforms to the face of the wheel rim or felly to which it is to be
attached
The preferred construction of these various parts is illustrated in Figure 1, the
tire being circular in cross-section, and the face of the wheel rim or felly being
flat. The face of the felly is slightly inclined or at an angle with the axle, the
outer diameter of the wheel being the smaller to form a tapering fit for the
tire base, to assist in the work of slipping the tire on or off the wheel for the
purpose of attachment, this angle being slight and hardly discernible in the
drawings.
The outer side of the base is also longer than the other so as to form an
inclined under surface which will conform to the felly and make the tapered fit
described.
Owing to the impracticability of making a perfectly circular metallic tire
or tire base that will have a close and perfect fit over a metallic circular felly or
rim it is the usual custom either to cut the tire so as to make free ends or to
make it in two parts and apply it to the wheel or to force it thereon under
pressure. With metallic bands or tires not so applied great difficulty is
encountered in producing a close fit between the parts and in removing the band
or tire after it has been placed in position. With the tapered base and felly of
my construction, in attaching the base to the felly the larger circumference of
the base can be easily slipped over the smaller outer circumference of the felly
and forced over the inclined surface of the latter into proper position. When in
place these wedge-shaped surfaces form a close locking fit and also resist any
tendency to further inward movement of the band on the felly due to strain on
the tire in turning corners. By this locking action. strain on the securing bolts
of the band will be greatly relieved. In removing the band it is merely necessary
to back off the base slightly from the felly when it can be easily slipped down
and off the inclined, surface. The operations of attaching and detaching the tire
and its base can be performed without deflating the tire.

page_text: In constructing my improvement the tire is vulcanized upon the tire base,
and a shoulder or rib 2 is formed on each side of the tire to rest upon the folded
edge 3 of the base, thus furnishing an additional support for the tire and
tending to prevent chafing of the same. The rubber at the shoulders is extended
down and vulcanized on and over the folded edge of the base to form an elastic
edge or joint of the tire at that point, whereby when the tire is subjected to
a lateral strain or distortion at that point, as on turning the vehicle a short
corner such strain or distortion is taken up by such elastic joint, and strain, wear-
ing or loosening of that portion of the tire vulcanized to the face of the base is
entirely prevented. 4 and 5 are annular clamp rings adapted to be secured
upon the opposite sides of the felly and projecting outward to bear upon and
engage the tire base. These clamps are preferably secured in place by means
of bolts 6 passing through the felly and the rings. To prevent the tire base from
creeping or slipping circumferentially between the clamp rings, I prefer
to provide upon the rings studs or projections 7, which enter corresponding
sockets or openings in the tire base, and firmly anchor the latter in place.
«
It is obvious that various modifications of my improvement may be made with-
out departing from the idea of the invention, which is to provide a metallic base
or supporting means of the form and character described and shown, secured upon
the inner periphery of the tire and as a permanent part thereof, and adapted
to be detachably connected to the wheel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of 'my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In combination with a pneumatic tire circular in cross-section and a wheel-
felly. a base consisting of an annular endless metal rim. its outer face or peri-
phery conforming to the shape of the inner periphery of the tire and the inner
periphery of the base conforming to the face of the wheel-felly means for detach-
ably securing the said base to the tire, the entire surface of the tire that is in
contact with base vulcanized thereto, substantially as described.
2. In combination with a pneumatic tire and wheel felly, a base consisting
of an endless detachable annular metal rim, its outer face or periphery conform-
ing to the shape of the inner periphery of the tire and the inner periphery
of the base conforming to the face of the wheel-felly, said tire provided on each
side with a shoulder and said base provided with opposite folded edges fitting
against said shoulders, the shoulders of said tire extending over said folded edges
and said tire vulcanized to the base and its folded edges, substantially as described.
3. In combination with a wheel-felly, a pneumatic tire circular in cross-
section and provided with shoulders on opposite sides, a base provided with folded
edges to fit in and under said shoulders, said tire vulcanized on and over the
sides of the folded edges whereby a closed and elastic joint is formed at the junc-
tion of said tire and edges, and means to detachably secure said base to said
felly, substantially as described.
4. In combination with a tapered felly, a tire, an annular rigid base to which
said tire is secured, said base having a tapered under surface and fitted on said
felly. substantially as described.
5. In combination, a wheel-felly, a tire of the class described, an annular,
sheet-metal tube fitted to and secured upon the inner periphery of said tire and
also fitted to the face of said felly, annular clamping rings fitted to the sides of
said felly and provided with suitable securing devices, and means upon said
clamping rings for engaging said base, as and for the purposes specified.
6. In combination, a wheel-felly, a tire of the class described, an annular
metallic tube fitted to, and permanently secured upon, the inner periphery of the
tire and also fitted to the face of the felly, the ribs or shoulders upon the tire fitted
to, and bearing upon, the folded edges of said tube, the annular clamping rings
fitted to the sides of the felly, the securing devices for attaching the same to the

page_text: felly, and means for interlocking said clamping-rings with said tube, consisting
of projections upon one part entering corresponding sockets or openings in the
other as and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 90th day of Tul 1000
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.