CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS OR MACHINERY FOR WEAVING VARIOUS SORTS OF CLOTHS OR FABRICS
Year: 1824

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PIERRE
JEAN BAPTISTE VICTOR GOSSET, of Clerkenwell Green, in the County of
Middlesex, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters. Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of December, in the fifth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and assigns, give and grant unto me, the
said Pierre Jean Baptiste Victor Gosset, His especial licence that I, the said
Pierre Jean Baptiste Victor Gosset, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Pierre Jean Baptiste Victor Gosset, my exors, adñiors,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS OR MACHINERY FOR WEAVING VARIOUS SORTS OF
CLOTHS OR FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Pierre Jean Baptiste Victor Gosset, by an Instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent (as in and by. the same),
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Pierre Jean Baptiste Victor Gosset, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention by the following description thereof, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed and carried into effect, by the Drawing which is
hereunto annexed, reference being thereunto had, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon as follows (that is to say):-
:-
My said improvements relate to that part of looms or weaving machinery
which is usually denominated the shuttle, being the implement or apparatus
which contains the yarn or material employed to form the woof or weft of
the cloth or fabric. In shuttles such as are at present known and in use, great
difficulties have been experienced in causing the thread or yarn to come
off the bobbin or shuttle cop with an uniform tension, without which it is
almost impossible to produce a good and even cloth; but by my improved
form and construction of shuttle, and, the disposition of the bobbin therein,
I am enabled to apply a regulating spring for the purpose of creating the
necessary resistance upon the bobbin, which said spring is furnished with
an adjusting screw by which the power of the spring may be increased or
diminished at pleasure, thereby insuring a proper degree of tension upon
the yarn at all times.
Fig. 1 upon the annexed Drawing represents a plan of a shuttle constructed
according to my improvements. Fig. 2 represents an edge section, and Fig. 3
a transverse section, supposed to be taken near the middle thereof. This form
of shuttle is particularly adapted to the weaving of cloths or fabrics composed
of metallic wire or other stiff and unelastic materials. A, A, represents the
body of the shuttle; it may be formed of wood or other suitable material,
and tipped or pointed at its extremities with metal in the ordinary manner.
B, B, shew the opening which is made in the side thereof, in order to receive
the bobbin or weft roller C, which is formed with flanges in the manner of a
pulley, and is adapted to turn correctly upon a pin or wire a, which said
pin passes through the top and bottom of the shuttle. By withdrawing the
pin a the bobbin may be taken out and replaced again with great facility.
D, D, represent the regulating spring. It is formed of steel or other suffi-
ciently elastic material, and is affixed to the shuttle at each of its extremities
by being turned down and driven into the wood, or it may be fixed to the
shuttlo in any other convenient manner. This regulating spring is shewn
separately upon a larger scale at Fig. 4 upon the Drawing; it is furnished
with a second or small curved spring at d, which is adapted to bear and
press upon the upper surface of the bobbin, as will appear evident from
inspection of Fig. 2. e shews a small adjusting screw, the head of which is

page_text: intended to be inserted or sunk into the upper part of the regulating spring
D, D, in order to prevent its becoming entangled with threads or yarns of
the warp in its passage across the same during the act of weaving. The
lower extremity of the adjusting screw is adapted to work into a small nut or
feinale screw h, which is supposed to be firmly fixed into the wood forming
the shuttle, so that by turning the said screw round the part d of the regula-
ting spring may be caused to press with more or less forcé upon the upper
surface of the bobbin, and thereby create a greater or less degree of resistarice
for regulating the tension at which the yarn or thread shall be drawn off
the circumference of the bobbin, and through the eye c of the shuttle. I
generally line that part of the shuttle upon which the bobbin rests with a
plate of metal or other substance having an even surface, in order that the
resistance against the under surface of the bobbin may vary as little as possible.
It will appear, from inspection of Fig. 3, that the upper and lower surfaces
of the shuttle are formed concave, in order that the head of the adjusting screw
e of the regulating spring D, D, may not project so as to injure or entanglo
the yarns of the warp during the passage of the shuttle; and in some cases
I find it convenient to place the spring within the opening B, B, of the shuttle,
leaving a small round hole in the upper part thereof for the purpose of intro-
ducing a turnscrew or instrument to the end of the adjusting screw when
it is required to increase or diminish the power or resistance of the regulating
spring upon the bobbin. In some constructions of shuttles it will be found
advisable to have no opening in the edge of the shuttle. This I effect by
forming the shuttle like a box with a lid sliding. in grooves or otherwise
hinged on, being provided with a catch or fastening, so that the said lid
may be opened or removed when it is desired to take out the bobbin,
and replace it by another. In this construction the regulating spring,
with its adjusting screw, may either be fixed upon the said
may be situated in the opposite or fixed side of the shuttle.
articles of stiff ware with my improved shuttles I find it
employ a casing or tube of some elastic substance to surround the bobbin,
as seen by dotted lines in Fig. 2. This tube is not quite entire; but has an
opening or slit down the side thereof för the wire to pass through, and by
closely encompassing or embracing the bobbin at every part except the slit it
prevents the coil of wire upon the circumference of the bobbin from unwinding
or recoiling, and becoming loose or entangled, and allows it to be drawn off
evenly or regularly in proportion as it may be required to form the cloth or
fabric; and when the metallic wire desired to be woven is stiff and hard, I
occasionally employ a small pair of tempered steel rollers in the side of the
lid, or it
In weaving
advisable to

page_text: shuttle, at about the place where the small eyes C are represented, by which
means the wire runs out with less friction.
Figs. 5 and 6 represent another description of shuttle constructed according
to my improvement. This form of shuttle would be applicable to the weaving
of cloths or fabrics of silk, or any other material. A, A shew the body of the
shuttle; it is hollowed out from the edge at B, B, as above described with
reference to the former Figures; this shuttle is provided with three separate
bobbins or pulleys to contain thread or yarn, as seen at C, C, C, which bobbins
may either be worked one after the other with the same coloured yarn, or
other different coloured yarn may be wound upon each of the bobbins for
weaving figured goods. Thus when a change of colour in the weft is required,
it will be only necessary to break off the end of the yarn which was done with,
and suck or draw the end of the other colour through its respective opening
or eye, as seen at C, C, C. These bobbins are supposed to be constructed like
pulleys with two broad rims or flanges, in the same manner as above de-
scribed, and to be each provided with its regulating spring D and adjusting
screw e, in order to regulate the tension at which the yarn should come off
from the circumference thereof. The springs D are represented in Figs. 5
& 6 as fixed to the shuttle by one of their extremities only, but they might
be affixed at each extremity, and made to bear upon the bobbins by a small
curved spring, as herein-before described. When the regulating springs are
fixed as shewn in Figs. 5 and 6, I generally turn the loose end, or that end
which bears upon the bobbin, slightly downwards, and allow it to enter
beneath the surface of the wood forming the shuttle, by which means the
extremity of the spring is effectually prevented from becoming entangled with
the yarns of the warp in its passage across the same. It is not essential that
three bobbins only should be used in one shuttle, but a greater or less number
may be employed as circumstances require.
that
I have now described, with reference to the annexed Drawing, my said
Invention for improvements in shuttles, which form part of a loom or
machinery for weaving various sorts of cloths or fabrics. And I hereby declare
my Invention consists in the peculiar form and construction of shuttles
for weaving which I have herein-before described, and are represented in the
Figs. upon the annexed Drawing, the said peculiarity in construction being
that the bobbin upon which the thread or yarn is wound is made in the form
of a wheel or pulley, and is situated and placed upon a pin or axis, which said
axis or pin remain in a vertical position when the shuttle is in use, instead of
the thread or yarn being wound upon a small bobbin or roller situated upon
an horizontal axis in the ordinary manner. Another of the improvements

page_text: which I claim as new in these shuttles consists of the regulating spring
marked D, D, in the Figures, as operated upon or regulated in its force by the
adjusting screw marked e, for the purpose of adjusting or regulating the
tension of the yarn in passing off the circumference of the bobbins. At the
same time I wish it to be understood that I do not claim the general use of
springs as applied in shuttles for weaving, but only for the particular manner
of applying them, and providing them with a regulating or adjusting screw,
herein-before described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Jean Baptiste Victor Gosset, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.