IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND DELIVERING FLUIDS OR AIR, AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1878

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Pierre Potel, of 23, Rood Lane, in the City of
London, Engineer, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
RAISING AND DELIVERING FLUIDS OR AIR, AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED
THEREWITH
"
Sealed the 17th June 1879, and dated the 18th December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Pierre Potel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1878.
AUGUSTE PIERRE POTEL, of 23, Rood Lane, in the City of London, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND DELIVERING FLUIDS OR AIR,
AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH.'
"
My Invention has for its object the application of a new method by which water
or any fluid air or gas may be drawn by a particular arrangement of jet or jets
of steam, air, or other liquid or fluid under pressure into the body of my apparatus,
and may be delivered therefrom at any required speed or pressure that may be
desired, and a special form of cock for same.
The different objects to which my improved apparatus may be applied, amongst
others, are to feed steam boilers with water, to raise and distribute water or any
chemical liquid in factories, to act as ship or other general pumps, to feed coal dust
or any other finely divided substance, or petroleum or other oils into furnaces, to
exhaust air from mines or vacuum vessels, to deliver air or gas at a pressure to blow
forges, and other purposes.
My Invention has the particular advantages over any other injector or ejector at
present in use in the shape of much greater economy in the use of steam, and no
interior adjustments required to set the apparatus in action for any constant pressure
of steam, this being done in such case by the turning on of a single exterior steam
cock or valve of special construction. If this apparatus is required to be suitable
for any variation in steam pressure a regulator of any description may be applied
to the oval mouthpiece below the steam nozzles.

page_text: My apparatus for raising or delivering water or any other liquid or fluid consists
essentially of three parts, viz., 1st, an upper double or split cone surrounded with a
case in any suitable metal, and with an orifice by which the steam is admitted into
the interior of the double core.
The outer part of the case is of exactly the same form and conicity as the interior
steam cone, and of a diameter about 1 centimetre larger. The exit for the steam
from the lowest part of the interior split cone may be either in the shape of two
thin converging crescents, of two inverted D's, or of two narrow parallel rectangular
slits.
2nd. A diverging cone is placed immediately under the above described first
cone, and they are joined together at their smallest mouths.
3rd. A small cylindrical piece pierced by an oval hole, of which the area should
be greater than that of the steam orifices in the upper cone by from one to three
millimetres, according to circumstances, to permit the free dilatation of the liquids
at the moment of their mixture with the motive fluid, which would occur exactly in
the centre of the aforesaid cylindrical piece.
These parts are bolted or screwed together in any convenient manner.
In my apparatus the two jets of steam or other fluid being minutely divided mix
most completely with either air, gas, or liquid or fluid which it is required to raise
or deliver. A vacuum is thus formed behind the jets, and is thus most effectual in
lifting water or sucking in air or other fluids. In the case of the air or gas blower,
or air or gas exhauster, the apparatus is formed by a series of superposed split cones
adjustable by nuts, which admit air or other fluid at every junction.
The special form of cock referred to in the first paragraph of this Specification is
as follows: This cock is fitted into the body of the injector or ejector in place of
the fixed oval throat-piece, and is so constructed that when the cock is most fully
closed the opening is circular, and when screwed back the opening extends to an
oval shape. This is effected after the manner of a sluice cock, the one half of the
opening being a fixture with the cock; the other half may be advanced or retired
in a slide by a screwed handle, so that when screwed home the slide and its opposite
piece are in contact at the extreme edges, and a circular opening is left in the centre
between the two parts. When the handle is screwed back it draws with it one
of the parts enclosing the said orifice, increasing the area of the orifice by making it
oval in shape.
This form of cock has the advantage of enabling the issuing stream of liquid,
gas, or air to preserve under all variations of volume its compact and approximately
circular form.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Auguste Pierre Potel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th
June 1879.
"
AUGUSTE PIERRE POTEL, of 23, Rood Lane, in the City of London, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND DELIVERING FLUIDS OR AIR, AND
IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My Invention has for its object the application of a new method by which water
or any fluid, air, or gas may be drawn by a particular arrangement of jet or jets of
steam, air, or other liquid or fluid under pressure into the body of my apparatus,
and may be delivered therefrom at any required speed or pressure that may be
desired, and a special form of cock for same.
The different objects to which my improved apparatus may be applied, amongst
others, are to feed steam boilers with water, to raise and distribute water or any
chemical liquid in factories, to act as ship or other general pumps, to feed coal dust
or any other finely divided substance, or petroleum or other oils into furnaces, to
exhaust air from mines or vacuum vessels, to deliver air or gas at a pressure to blow
forges, and other purposes.
My Invention has the particular advantages over any other injector or ejector at
present in use in the shape of much greater economy in the use of steam, and no
interior adjustments required to set the apparatus in action for any constant pressure
of steam, this being done in such case by the turning on of a single exterior steam
cock or valve of special construction. If this apparatus is required to be suitable
for any variation in steam pressure a regulator of any description may be applied
to the oval mouth piece below the steam nozzles.
My apparatus for raising or delivering water or any other liquid or fluid consists
essentially of three parts, viz., 1st, an upper double or split cone surrounded with a
case in any suitable metal, and with an orifice by which the steam is admitted into
the interior of the double cone.
The outer part of the case is of exactly the same form and conicity as the interior
steam cone, and of a diameter about 1 centimetre larger. The exit for the steam
from the lowest part of the interior split cone may be either in the shape of two
thin converging crescents, of two inverted D's, or of two narrow parallel rectangular
slits.
2nd. A diverging cone is placed immediately under the above described first cone,
and they are joined together at their smallest mouths.
3rd. A small cylindrical piece pierced by an oval hole, of which the area should
be greater than that of the steam orifices in the upper cone by from one to three
millemetres, according to circumstances, to permit the free dilation of the liquids
at the moment of their mixture with the motive fluid, which would occur exactly
in the centre of the aforesaid cylindrical piece.
These parts are bolted or screwed together in any convenient manner.
In my apparatus the two jets of steam or other fluid, being minutely divided,
mix most completely with either air, gas, or liquid or fluid which it is required to
raise or deliver. A vacuum is thus formed behind the jets, and is thus most effectual
in lifting water or sucking in air or other fluids. In the case of the air or gas blower,
or air or gas exhauster, the apparatus is formed by a series of superposed split cones
adjustable by nuts, which admit air or other fluid at every junction.
The special form of cock referred to in the first paragraph of this Specification is
as follows: This cock is fitted into the body of the injector or ejector in place of
the fixed oval throat-piece, and is so constructed that when the cock is most fully
closed the opening is circular, and when screwed back the opening extends to an
oval shape. This is effected after the manner of a sluice cock, the one half of the
opening being a fixture with the cock; the other half may be advanced or retired
in a slide by a screwed handle, so that when screwed home the slide and its opposite

page_text: piece are in contact at the extreme edges, and a circular opening is left in the centre
between the two parts. When the handle is screwed back it draws with it one of
the parts enclosing the said orifice, increasing the area of the orifice by making it
oval in shape.
This form of cock has the advantage of enabling the issuing stream of liquid, gas,
or air to preserve under all variations of volume, its compact, and approximately
circular form.
And in order that my Invention may be the better understood I now proceed
to explain the Drawings hereunto annexed, reference being had to the figures and
letters marked thereon.
Sheet I. shows in Figs. 1 and 2 the arrangement of my apparatus, suitable either
for the injection of water into boilers, or the ejection of any fluid as a pump.
The pipe A is fitted by a flange to the top of the apparatus, and serves to admit
the steam into the interior of the double mouthed cone piece B, from which the
steam issues in two parallel, rectangular, semi-circular, or crescent shaped jets. This
steam split-cone-piece B is bolted through its flange to the intermediate piece C,
which is supplied with a side admission orifice and flange D for whatever liquid it
is to lift or inject. The interior of the intermediate piece C is made of the same
conicity as that of the coned piece B, and of a diameter about 1 centimetre larger.
It is important also that the ends of the nozzle piece B should be a little lower than
the underside of the liquid entrance D, so that the flow of the liquid into the body
of the apparatus follows the steam, and does not come in opposition to its travel.
At the lowest or smallest end of this intermediate cone piece is fitted a special oval
or rectangular mixing nozzle, as shown in plan in Figs. 3 and 4. The orifice in
this nozzle should be greater in area than that of the steam orifices in the upper
cone by from one to three millimetres, according to circumstances, to permit the free
dilatation of the liquids at the moment of their mixture with the motive fluid or
steam, which would occur exactly in the centre of the piece E.
The lower part of the body of the apparatus F is in the form of a gradually
increasing cone until its section becomes that of a circular pipe G, which must be
of sufficient area to allow the liquid which is being ejected to travel freely and with
the least amount of friction. In the side of this coned body of the apparatus F is
an overflow orifice H, which would allow the escape of any accumulating liquid
which may not be able to pass the delivery valve in the pipe G.
Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are three different views of my apparatus as fitted to a boiler to
inject feed water. M is my improved injector placed horizontally with steam pipe
and cock K, and feed pipe and valve L. The feed supply and overflow N may be
taken from a tank, as shown, or in any other suitable manner.
Fig. 8 shows in plan the arrangement of the special nozzle or cock, which is
adjustable by the hand screw O. This hand screw causes a sluice piece P to slide
forward or backward at will by rotation of the handle in a fixed nut. This gives
the power of being able to alter the shape or area of the nozzle piece at will, so
that the orifice may be a lengthened oval, or reduced to a round hole. This form
of cock has the advantage of enabling the issuing stream of liquid, gas, or air to
preserve under all variations of volume, its compact, and approximately circular
form.
Sheet II, shows the arrangement I use for exhausting or blowing air or gases.
The topmost portion A, A, Figs. 1 and 2, is a double steam cone, as before, with
two very fine rectangular slits in the nozzles, as shown in plan at Fig. 3. These
upper steam cones dip into another double cone piece of larger area B of orifice,
and this again into a third cone piece, and so on in succession for as many successive
cone pieces as may be desired. All these double cone pieces are fixed to the main
body of the blower or exhauster C by bolts or studs D, D, which are screwed
throughout their length, and fitted with nuts and check nuts, which grip between
them in pairs each successive cone piece. This serves to support the cone pieces at
a suitable distance from each other, so that there is an opening E, E, left between
each around the whole circumference for the admission of the air or gas to be

page_text: exhausted or blown. The exact spacing of these cones may be regulated by the
nuts on the side bolts. Each successive cone has openings of larger area than the
one above to correspond to the increased volume of the air or gas passing through
the apparatus from each successive opening. The whole volume is then delivered
through the gradually expanding portion of the apparatus C.
I wish it clearly to be understood that I claim as my Invention, the use of two
finely divided parallel jets of steam or other fluid in an apparatus, as herein sub-
stantially described, for the purpose of lifting, forcing, blowing, or exhausting any
liquid or gas.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Pierre Potel, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy nine.
Witness,
S. P. WILDING,
City Patent Office,
23, Rood Lane,
E.C.
AUGUSTE PIERRE POTEL. (L.S.)