Improvements in Pivotal Car Trucks.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1899-Accepted, 14th July, 1900
[Communicated from abroad by WALTER S. ADAMS, of 841, Beechwood Street,
in the City and County of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United
States of America, Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Pivotal Car Trucks.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 115, Cannon Street, in the City of London, Con-
sulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention has relation to improvements in the bolster construction of a
pivotal car truck, and to means for supporting a car-body thereon.
The invention, therefore, resides in the construction and combination of parts
hereinafter described and further pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation
of a car-truck, emlodying, in part, my improvements; Figure 2, is a sectional
elevation transversely of the truck and a portion of a superposed car-body, the
truck section being substantially on the lines 2, 2. Figures 1 and 3; Figure 3
is a plan view of a little more than one half of the truck; and Figure 4 is a side
elevation of a modified form of bolster.
Similar numerals of reference indicate.corresponding parts throughout the
several views.
The car truck to which this invention has been applied consists substantially
as follows:-
At 1 are the wheels, 2 the axles, and 3 axle-boxes.
The truck-frame comprises the yoke or pedestals 4 and the top longitudinal
side bar, beam or chord 5 connecting the pedestals at the top and the lower
longitudinal pedestal tie-bar, beam, or chord 6, connecting the lower arms of the
pedestals, the cross-bars 7 extending between the inner and outer members of
the yokes below the axle-boxes, and extensions 8 from the outer arms of the
yokes or pedestals, which extensions are connected transversely at the end by
cross-bars 9 to form a complete truck or axle-box-frame.
Between the top of the axle-boxes and the upper cross-bar 10 of the yokes or
pedestals are springs 11; and supported from the top bar 5 of the side frames,
on each side and closely adjacent the yokes or pedestals are longitudinally dis-
posed semi-elliptic springs 12, placed directly under the top bar 5 and arched
upwardly, the semi-elliptic springs being supported from said top bar by
the extensible links 13 comprising the yoke or strap 14 engaging directly with
the ends of the semi-elliptic springs, (as shown in Figure 1), the upper pendant
link 15 or bolt being provided with an enlarged head 16 journalled in a corre-
sponding aperture 17 in the top bar 5 and carrying a spring seat 18 at the end,
between which and the top cross-bar 19 of the strap 14 is inserted, preferably,
a spiral spring 20, the parts being adapted to swing transversely, and longi-
tudinally to allow of an extension of the links against the stress of the link-
springs.
The construction of the truck and the means for supporting the bolster there-
from form no essential part of the present invention, and it is not intended that

page_text: the said invention shall be limited to any particular or specific construction of
such parts; excepting that a certain portion of the invention, hereinafter to be
described, resides in the combination with the side springs or semi-elliptic
springs, (or a rigid equalizing-bar of the kind described and illustrated in the
Specification of my Application for a Patent No. 14988 of even date herewith
which may be used in place of said springs), of a bolster, side bearings on the
bolster located either directly over or outside of the said springs, (or equalizers)
or between the car side-sills and the bolster end, the bolster carrying a center
or pivot plate, and a car body mounted thereon either with or without the entire
weight of the car being taken on the side-bearings.
The bolster (Figure 2) consists specifically of a fiat bar 21 arched up centrally,
as at 22, to pass readily up between the car sills, the central flat portion 23 of
which supports the truck-center bearing 24, of any suitable construction, on a
higher plane than the bottom of the side sills 25, and the flat end sections 26.
The ends of the bolster are connected to the inner and outer upright bracket-
shaped castings 26, 27 having laterally extending webs or shelves 28, 29 dis-
posed transversely of the truck, angular and outwardly extending strengthening
ribs 30, 31, and side lips 33, the horizontal ends 26 of the bolster being placed
within these lips and resting on the shelves 28, 29 of the brackets to which the
bolts 34, securing the bolster to these brackets, are secured.
The brackets have pendant projections 35 having inwardly extending inter-
mediate lips 36 which receive the strap 37 of the spring 12, and bolts 38 pass
between the pendant projections 35 for securing the spring strap and the spring
between the brackets, which thus support the bolster on the side springs 12.
As will be noticed the shelf 28 of the outer bracket extends some distance
beyond the side springs and considerably beyond the wheel gauge of the truck,
and that the bolster ends extend to the outer limits of the shelf in Figure 2, and
beyond the same in Figure 4.
it must be understood that the extension of the bolster to the limits of the
shelf 28, in some respects, is not essential, as the side bearings could be placed
on the shelf and the brackets tied together by other means.
At 39 are the side bearings of any desired construction, preferably as shown
in the drawings, which in this case consists of a casting or plate of metal having
pendant lips 40 embracing the ends of the bolster, and at 41 are the car rub-
plates, secured to the side sills directly over the side bearings.
At 42 is the body bolster of any desired construction.
However, in order to give perfect freedom for radiation of the truck and move-
ment of the bolster between and beneath the side sills of the car, and to produce
a low placed car-body, it is preferred that the bolster be so constructed as to
present a plane surface below the car flooring and within the sills.
A body bolster construction which has been used with satisfactory results in
the above regard, is constructed as follows:-
-
•
At 42 is a flat bar secured to the bottom of the car flooring 43 (or when the
weight is taken on the center bearing to a cross sill or sills) and having right
angled ends 44 passing down and secured to the side of the side sills.
At 45 is the body center bearing, which in the illustrated case acts merely
as a drawing and pivotting device, but which does not sustain the weight of the
car.
In Figure 4 is illustrated a modification in which the outer bracket 35 is
reduced in height below the top of the inner bracket, the former's shelf 28
being on a much lower plane than shelf 29; the shelf 28 being curved upwardly
and rearwardly, as at 28, the bolster ends 26 taking a further drop from the
plane of the shelf 29 to the horizontal plane of the shelf 28 through the down-
wardly deflected portion 26b, the extreme and horizontal ends 20 resting on the
horizontal portion of the shelf 28, on which latter rests the side bearing 39 com-
bined with the rub-plate 41 and side sill 25, as previously described.
This construction allows of this car-body being brought much lower down on
the truck than usual.

page_text: It will be noted, by reference to Figure 2, that the side bearings are outside
of the side springs 12 and considerably beyond the truck-wheel gauge. This
portion of the invention is considered of great importance, as this location of
parts produces a very easy riding car, and the downward pressure of the car
weight brought upon the side springs is more direct than it would be were the
side bearings located inside of the wheel gauge or inside the plane of the side
springs.
It is preferred that in this particular construction the weight of the car body
be taken primarily on the side bearings, and the centre bearings be used merely
as means for drawing the truck or car, as the case may be, and to define the
point of oscillation of the car and truck relative to each other.
When so
employed, the weight of the car falls primarily on the bolster through the side
bearings either directly over or outside of the side springs, as may be desired,
thus producing not only a direct action of the weight on the springs, but a
considerable reduction in the transverse swing of the bolster and the springs
(which can be had through the swing links, previously described), resulting in
a support for the car, in which the vertical movement of the body on the support-
ing springs is made easy and the transverse swing or oscillation of the car body
on the truck materially reduced.
The arching up of the truck bolster centrally allows of the location and employ-
ment of two motors on the truck without mechanical difficulty, and consequently
a short wheel base truck is produced, much shorter, in fact, than would be the
case if the bolster had parts projecting down into the space between the truck
side frames, which would prevent the motor extending under the bolster.
The taking of the weight of the car on the side bearings between the side sills
and over or outside of the equalizers, saves weight and bulk of body and truck-
bolster, the former merely needing strength for pulling, thereby doing away
with heavy cross sills and. braces extending into the car-body either or both
of which are used when the weight is taken on the centre bearing..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
First. The combination in a car-truck, of the side-frames, springs suspended
from the side-frames, resilient numbers suspended by said springs, and a cross-
bolster resting on said members, substantially as described.
Second. The combination in a car-truck, of the side-frames, the semi-elliptic-
springs removably and resiliently suspended from the side frames and a bolster
secured to said springs, substantially as described.
Third. The combination in a car-truck, of the truck-frame, spring-links
depending from the truck-frame, semi-elliptic springs connecting the links and
means for connecting said latter springs to the car-body, substantially as
described.
Fourth. The combination in a car truck, and its running gear, of the side-
frames supported outside of the wheel gauge, extensible spring links depending
from the side frames, semi-elliptic springs supported by said links, and a bolster
on and transversely connecting said latter springs, substantially as described.
Fifth. The combination with a car-truck, of the side-frames having axle-box
pedestals, each frame having an upper and lower chord, longitudinally disposed
semi-elliptic-springs lying between said chords of each fraine, a spring suspen-
sion for the ends of said semi-elliptic-springs from the top chord, and a bolster
supported on said latter springs for tying them together transversely, substan-
tially as described.
Sixth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames having axle-box
pedestals, the bolster, longitudinally disposed resilient supports for the bolster,
and resilient connections between the ends of said supports and the side-frames,
substantially as described.
Seventh. In a cor-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each compris.

page_text: ing two pedestals, and upper and lower beams of a car-body supporting bolster,
a plurality of half elliptic-springs arranged between the upper and lower longi-
tudinal beams of the frames and connected to the ends of the bolster, and link
appliances connected to the ends of said half elliptic-springs and flexible sup-
ported at their upper ends on said upper beams, substantially as described.
Eighth. The combination in a car-truck, of the side-frames, the semi-elliptic
springs movably and resiliently suspended from the side-frames, yokes on the
semi-elliptic springs embracing a part of the side frame and a bolster secured
to said yokes, substantially as described.
Ninth. The combination in a car-truck, of the side frames, springs suspended
from the side-frames, resilient members suspended by said springs, yokes on
said resilient members embracing a part of the side-frames, and a cross bolster
resting on said yokes, substantially as described.
Tenth. The combination in a car-truck, of the truck-frame, spring-links
depending from the truck-frame, semi-elliptic springs connecting the links,
yokes on said semi-elliptic springs embracing a part of the side-frames and
means for connecting said yokes to the car body, substantially as described.
Eleventh. The combination in a car truck and its running gear, of the side-
frame supported outside of the wheel gauge, extensible spring-links depending
from the side-frames, semi-elliptic-springs supported by said links, yokes on
said semi-elliptic-springs embracing a part of the side-frames, and a bolster on
and transversely connecting said yokes, substantially as described.
Twelfth. The combination in a car-truck, of the side-frames liaving axle-
box-pedestals, each frame having an upper and lower chord, longitudinally
disposed semi-elliptic springs lying between said chords of each frame, a spring
suspension for the ends of said semi-elliptic springs from the top chord, yokes
supported on said semi-elliptic-springs and embracing and extending above said
top chords, and a bolster supported on said yokes and tying them together trans-
versely, substantially as described.
Thirteenth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames having axle-
box-pedestals, the bolster, upwardly extending yokes to which the bolster is.
secured, resilient supports for said yokes and resilient connections between the
ends of said supports and the side-frames, substantially as described.
Fourteenth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals and upper and lower beams, a plurality of half elliptic
springs arranged between the upper and lower longitudinal beams of the frames
and connected to the ends of the bolster, link appliances connected to the ends
of said half elliptic-springs and flexibly supported at their upper ends on said upper
beams, yokes on said half elliptic-springs embracing and extending above the
said upper beams, and a car-body supporting bolster secured to said yokes and
tying them together transversely-substantially as described.
Fifteenth. The combination in a car-truck, of side-frames comprising pedestals,
upper and lower side-beams connecting the pedestals, axle-boxes in the pedestals,
a bolster, half elliptic-springs arranged between the upper and lower side-beams
and supporting the bolster, links, and spring supports therefor suspended from
the upper beams and supporting the half elliptic-springs between the upper and
lower beams, substantially as described.
Sixteenth. The combination in a car-truck, of the side-frames, each compris-
ing upper and lower beams and pedestals, and half elliptic-springs arranged
beneath the upper side-beams, a bolster supported by said half elliptic-springs
and appliances connected to the ends of said half elliptic-springs and supporting
them from the side-beams, and spiral springs co-acting with the said appliances
by which the half elliptic-springs are suspended, substantially as described.
Seventeenth. The combination in a car-truck, of side-frames each comprising
the upper and lower longitudinal beams, and pedestals, with half elliptic-springs
arranged between the upper and lower longitudinal beams, a car-body support-
ing bolster supported by said half elliptic-springs and adapted to carry the
weight of the car-body at its center, the ends of said half elliptic-springs being

page_text: Buspended from the upper longitudinal Deams by spring equipped appliances,
substantially as described.
Eighteenth. The combination, in a car-truck, of side-frames comprising
pedestals, upper and lower side-beams connecting the pedestals, axle-boxes in
the pedestals, half elliptic-springs arranged between the upper and lower side-
beams, links and spring supports therefor suspended from the upper beams
and supporting the half elliptic-springs between the upper and lower beams,
vokes on the half elliptic-springs embracing the upper beams, and a bolster on
said yokes tying the latter together transversely above said upper beams, sub-
stantially as described.
Nineteenth. The combination, in a car-truck, of the side-frames each com-
prising upper and lower beams and pedestals, of half elliptic-springs arranged
between the upper side-beams, appliances connected to the ends of said half
elliptic-springs and supporting them from the side-frames, spiral springs co-
acting with said appliances by which the said half elliptic-springs are suspended,
yokes on the half elliptic-springs embracing and extending above said upper
side-beams, and a bolster secured to and transversely connecting said yokes,
substantially as described.
Twentieth. The combination, in a car-truck, of side-frames each comprising
upper and lower longitudinal beams and pedestals with half elliptic-springs
arranged between the upper and lower longitudinal beams, the ends of said half
elliptic-springs being suspended from the upper longitudinal beams by spring
equipped appliances, yokes on said half elliptic-springs embracing and extending
above the upper longitudinal beams, and a car body supporting bolster supported
by said yokes and adapted to carry the weight of the car-body at its center, sub-
stantially as described.
Twenty-first. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames each con-
prising two pedestals an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam,
of a car-body supporting bolster, half elliptic springs upon which the ends of
said bolster rest, and link appliances secured to the ends of said springs and
suspended from between the sides of the upper. longitudinal beams, substantially
as described.
Twenty-second. In a car-truck, the combination with the side frames, of a car-
body supporting bolster, half elliptic-springs upon which the ends of said bolster
rest, and links suspended from a point within the side-frames and supporting
the ends of said half elliptic-springs substantially as described.
Twenty-third. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals; an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal
beam, half elliptic springs, link appliances secured to the ends of said springs
and suspended from between the sides of the upper longitudinal beams, yokes on
said half elliptic-springs, and a car-body supporting bolster resting on said yokes,
substantially as described.
Twenty-fourth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, half
elliptic-springs, links suspended from a point within the side-frames and sup-
porting the ends of said semi-elliptic springs, yokes on the half elliptic springs
embracing a part of and extending above said side-frames, and a bolster sup-
ported on the yokes substantially as described.
Twenty-fifth. The combination, in a car-truck, of the side-frames comprising
pedestals, upper beams and lower beams between the pedestals, axle-boxes in
the pedestals, springs between the axle-boxes and the tops of the pedestals, a
bolster, half elliptic-springs which support the bolster, and spring supporting
links which pass through the upper beams and are supported from their upper
edges, substantially as described.
Twenty-sixth: The combination, in a car-truck, of the side frames comprising
pedestals, upper beams and lower beams between the pedestals, axle boxes in
the pedestal spring between the axle-boxes and tops of the pedestals half elliptic
springs, spring supporting links which pass through the upper beams and are
supported from their upper edges, yokes on said half elliptic-springs embracing

page_text: and extending above the said upper beams, and a bolster on said yokes, sub-
stantially as described.
Twenty-seventh. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames each
comprising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal
beam, of a car-body supporting bolster, half elliptic springs supporting said
bolster and located between said upper and lower longitudinal beams of the
respective side-frames and appliances for suspending said springs between the
upper longitudinal beams and the lower longitudinal beam, substantially as
described.
Twenty-eighth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each
comprising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal
beam, half elliptic-springs located between said upper and lower longitudinal
beams of the respective side-frames, appliances for suspending said springs
between the upper longitudinal beams and the lower longitudinal beams, yokes
on said half elliptic-springs extending above and embracing the upper longi-
tudinal beams, and a car-body supporting bolster on said yokes, substantially
as described.
Twenty-ninth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side frames each
comprising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal
beam, of a car-body supporting bolster, half elliptic-springs located between
said upper and lower longitudinal beams and supporting the bolster, and link
appliances secured to the ends of said springs and movably suspended between
the sides of said upper longitudinal beams, substantially as described.
Thirtieth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam,
half elliptic-springs located between said upper and lower longitudinal beams,
link appliances to the ends of said springs and movably suspended between the
sides of said upper longitudinal beams, yokes on said half elliptic springs embrac-
ing and extending above said upper longitudinal beams, and a car-body, sup-
porting bolster on said yokes, substantially as described.
Thirty-first. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal
beam, of a car-body supporting bolster, half elliptic-springs connected to the ends
of said bolster and supporting the same, and elastic link appliances secured to
the ends of said springs and suspended from within the upper longitudinal
beams, substantially as described.
Thirty-second. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam,
half elliptic springs, elastic link appliances secured to the ends of said springs
and suspending from within the upper longitudinal beams, yokes on said half
elliptic springs embracing and extending above said upper longitudinal beams,
and a car-body supporting bolster on said yokes, substantially as described.
Thirty-third. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal
beam, of a car-body supporting bolster, half elliptic springs upon which the
ends of said bolster rest, and links suspended from within the upper beams and
supporting the ends of said spring for the purpose of permitting lateral dis-
placement of said springs with relation to the side-frames, substantially us
described.
Thirty-fourth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each
comprising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal
beam, half elliptic springs, links suspended from within the upper longitudinal
beam and supporting the ends of said springs for the purpose of permitting
lateral displacement of said springs with relation to the side-frames, yokes on
said half elliptic-springs embracing and extending above said upper longitudinal
beams, and a car-body supporting bolster or said yokes, substantially as described.
Thirty-fifth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals, an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal

page_text: beam interposed between the pedestals of a car-body supporting bolster, and
spring actuated appliances on which the ends of said bolster directly rest for
sustaining said bolster inserted between said beams and suspended from within
said interposed upper beams, substantially as described.
Thirty-sixth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each com-
prising two pedestals, au upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam
interposed between two pedestals, spring actuated appliances inserted between
said beams and suspended from within said interposed upper beams, yokes on
said spring actuated appliances and extending above and embracing the upper
longitudinal beams, and a car-body supporting bolster resting on said yokes,
substantially as described.
Thirty-seventh. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, each
comprising two pedestals, and a longitudinal beam interposed between the same,
of a car-body supporting bolster, half elliptic springs upon which the ends of
the said bolster rests, and suspending appliances for the ends of said springs
inserted between the sides of one of the beams of the side-frames, substantially
as described.
Thirty-eighth. In a car-truck, the combination with the sides-frames each
comprising two pedestals, and a longitudinal beam interposed between the same,
half elliptic-springs, and suspending appliances for the ends of said springs
inserted between the sides of one of the beams of the side-frames, yokes on said
half elliptic springs embracing and extending above the said longitudinal beam,
and a car-body supporting bolster resting on said yokes, substantially as
described.
Thirty-ninth. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, of a car-
body supporting bolster elastically suspended from the upper beams of said side-
frames by appliances which pass between the sides of said beams and which per-
mit said bolster to move longitudinally and transversely with reference to the
side-frame, substantially as described.
Forty. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, yokes embracing
an element of the side-frames and extending above the same, a car-body support-
ing bolster, the said yokes being elastically suspended from the upper beams of
the said side-frames by appliances which pass between the sides of the said beams
and which permit said bolster to move longitudinally and transversely with
reference to the side-frames, substantially as described.
Forty-first. In a car-truck, the combination with the side frames, of the car-
body supporting bolster suspended from said side frames by appliances permit-
ting it to move longitudinally with reference to said side frames, and elastic
appliances for yieldingly resisting such movement, substantially as described.
Forty-second. In a car-truck, the combination with the side-frames, yokes
embracing and extending above an element of the sides frames, a car-body sup-
porting bolster on said yokes, said yokes being suspended from said side-frames
by appliances permitting them to move longitudinally with reference to said
side-frames, and elastic appliances for yieldingly resisting such movement, sub-
stantially as described.
Forty-third. In a car-truck, the combination with the side frames, of a car-
body supporting bolster, bolster-supporting spring-supports supported from the
sides-frames to permit the bolster to move vertically, and appliances suspended
from the upper beams of the side-frames and sustaining the spring-supports for
the bolster and permitting the latter to move transversely and longitudinally
with reference to the side-frames, substantially as described.
Forty-four. In a car-truck, the combination with the side frames including
upper and lower longitudinal beams, and a car-body supporting bolster consisting
of a flat bar secured to said half elliptic springs and spring-appliances connected
to the ends of said springs and suspended from the upper longitudinal beams
of the side-frames, substantially as described.
Forty-five. In a car truck, the combination with the side-frames including
upper and lower longitudinal beams, half elliptic-springs suspended between

page_text: said upper and lower beams, yokes on said half elliptic-springs embracing and
extending above the upper longitudinal beams, a car-body supporting bolster
consisting of a flat bar secured at its ends to said yokes, and link appliances
connected to the ends of said springs and suspended from the upper longitudinal
beams of the side-frames, substantially as described.
Forty-six. The combination, in a car-truck, of side-frames each comprising.
upper and lower longitudinal beams and pedestals, half elliptic-springs arranged
between the upper end lower beams, a bolster supported thereby the ends on the
half elliptic-springs being supported from the upper beams by spring equipped
appliances, substantially as described.
Forty-seven. The combination in a car-truck, of side-frames, each comprising
upper and lower longitudinal beams and pedestals, half elliptic-springs arranged
between upper and lower beams, the ends of the half-elliptic-springs being sup-
ported from the upper beams by spring equipped appliances, yokes on the half-
elliptic springs embracing and extending above the upper longitudinal beams
and a bolster supported by said yokes, substantially as described.
Forty-eight. The combination, in a car-truck, of the side-frames, each com-
prising upper and lower beams and pedestals, of half elliptic springs arranged
beneath the upper side beams, a bolster supported by said half elliptic-springs,
appliances connected to the end of said half elliptic-springs, and supporting them
from the side-frames, spiral springs co-acting with said appliances by which the
half elliptic-springs are suspended; substantially as described.
Forty-nine. The combination, in a car-truck, of the side frames, each com-
prising upper and lower beams and pedestals, half elliptic-springs arranged
beneath the upper side-beams, appliances connected to the ends of said elliptic-
springs and supporting them from the side-frames, spiral springs co-acting with
said appliances by which the half elliptic-springs are suspended, yokes on said
half elliptic springs embracing and extending above the upper beams, and a
bolster supported by said yokes, substantially as described.
Fifty. The combination, in a car-truck, of the side-frames, comprising
pedestals, upper beams and lower beams between the pedestals, a bolster with a
center bearing and having ends inclined down and terminating in horizontal
parts, half elliptic-springs between the side-frames and to which the horizontal
parts are secured and spring devices supported from the upper beams supporting
the ends of the half elliptic springs, substantially as described.
Fifty-one. The combination, in a car-truck, of the side-frames comprising
pedestals, upper beams and lower beams between the pedestals, half elliptic-
springs between the side-beams; spring devices supported from the upper beams
supporting the ends of the half elliptic springs, yokes on the half elliptic-springs
embracing and extending above the upper beams, and a bolster, with a center
bearing and having ends inclined down and terminating in horizontal parts
resting on the yokes, substantially as described.
Fifty-second. In a car-truck, the combination with the truck frame, of
longitudinally disposed equalizers, a bolster supported by the equalizers above
and extending across and beyond the top bar of the truck-frame, side bearings
at the ends of the bolster, and a center bearing on the bolster, substantially
as described.
Fifty-third. The combination with a truck having a truck-frame, of longi-
tudinally disposed equalizers, a bolster supported by the equalizers above and
extending across and beyond the top bar of the truck-frame, a car-body having
side sills and a body bolster, a center bearing extending between the truck and
body bolsters, and side bearings extending between the side sills and truck bolster
ends, substantially as described.
Fifty-fourth. The combination of a car-truck, having a frame a bolster extend-
ing across and above said frame, means for movably supporting said bolster on
said frame, a center bearing on said bolster, and side bearings, secured to said
bolster above the truck-frame and exterior thereto, substantially as described.

page_text: Fifty-fifth. The combination of a car-truck, having a frame, a bolster sup-
ported on said frame and lying above the same, a car body having a bolster, a
center bearing having complemental parts on the body and truck bolsters, side
bearings secured to the truck outside of the truck-frame, and complimental side
bearings of the body bolster, substantially as described.
Fifty-sixth. The combination with the side sills of a car body, of a truck
having a bolster supported by the frame of the truck above and extending across
and beyond the side frame thereof, the car-body having a bolster, a center bearing
having complemental parts on the truck and body bolsters, side bearings having
complemental parts on the side sills and truck bolster, the side bearings taking
the weight of the car-body, the center bearings acting as a drawing and pivotal
point, substantially as described.
Fifty-seventh. The combination of a car-body having side sills, and a car
truck, having a frame, of a bolster movably supported from said truck frame
and lying above the same, said bolster comprising a flat bar having its centre
portion arched upwardly and horizontal ends disposed below the plane of the
central portion and under the side sills, a center bearing on the arched portion,
and side bearings on the horizontal ends engaging rub-plates on the side, sills,
substantially as described.
Fifty-eighth. In a car-truck, the combination with the truck frame, the paired
brackets embracing the frame top bar and having the horizontal shelves, means
for supporting the brackets from the truck frame, and the bolster comprising the
crown piece 23, downwardly deflected intermediate portions 22, and horizontally
disposed ends 26, the horizontal ends being secured to the shelves of the brackets,
a center bearing on the cross-piece, and side bearings on the horizontal ends 20,
substantially as described.
Fifty-ninth. In a car-truck, the combination with the top bar 5 of the side
frames, of the paired brackets having inwardly and outwardly extending shelves,
the shelf of the outer bracket extending outwardly from the top bar, a bolster
comprising the crown 23, downwardly deflected intermediate portions 22, and
horizontal portions 26, the said horizontal parts being secured to the shelves
of the brackets, a center bearing secured to the crown, and side bearings secured
to the horizontal parts of the bolster over the outwardly extending shelf 28 of
the bracket 27, and means for supporting the brackets from the bar 5, substan-
tially as described.
Sixty. In a car-truck, the combination with the paired brackets, each having
a horizontal shelf extending inwardly and outwardly, respectively, from the top
bar of the truck side frame, the brackets embracing said top-bar, means for
supporting said bracket from the top bar, and a bolster resting on and secured
to the respective shelves of said brackets, substantially as described.
Sixty-first. The bolster bracket comprising the upright side web 27, and pen-
dant web 35, the inwardly extending lip 36 at the union of the vertical and
pendant webs, the outwardly extending shelf 28, and outwardly extending
webs 30, connecting said shelf and upright and pendant webs, substantially as
described.
324 1.1. 1900