IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Holden, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of
Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Wool Combers, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COMBING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBRES."
Scaled the 21st February 1879, and dated the 31st August 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Holden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1878.
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Machine Wool Combers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
The comb teeth applied to the travelling circles or holding combs used in wool
combing machinery are required to be heated, and according to the general practice
this heating is obtained by means of steam applied to a chamber formed in the
stationary bed or frame on which the moveable frame carrying the ring or circle of
comb teeth is borne, and it is found by this arrangement that a large amount of
heat required for heating such teeth is lost in its transit through the intervening
metal.
The object of one part of my Invention is to remedy this evil by applying the
heating chamber direct to the ring or plate holding the comb teeth, or to the moving
circle in immediate contact with the ring or plate holding the comb teeth of such.
circle. For this purpose in the former case the brass ring or plate holding the comb
teeth may have cast or formed in it a chamber to receive the inlet and outlet pipes
of the heating media, and in the latter case the travelling circle has applied to its
upper surface a ring tube, or that upper surface is formed into a ring tube on which
the ring of teeth, or that portion of it immediately carrying the circle of teeth
rests, so that the heat of steam supplied to this ring tube may rise directly to the
comb teeth; and this ring tube is supplied at one part of its circumference by
D

page_text: means of a radial tubular arm from a central source of supply, whilst the steam
after passing almost the entire circle is conducted away by another radial tubular
arm, the passage in the ring tube being stopped off between the inlet and outlet
radial tubes. These radial tubes are permitted to rotate with the ring they supply
by suitable packed joints between their axis and the passages to and fro of the
heating medium.
The method of supplying such heating ring tube with the heating media may,
however be varied.
I also form the surface on which the circle carrying the travelling comb teeth
moves with a sunken channel therein to receive oil for lubrication, and I also apply
to the under side of such circle a ring with segmental bearing pieces formed to bear
at intervals on the bottom of the channel, and this ring is connected at intervals
with its circle. By these means the heat employed to warm the teeth is not so
readily conducted to the oil used for lubrication.
Recesses are also formed in the side or sides of the channel to facilitate the
collection and re-distribution between the segmental surfaces of the lubricating oil
contained in this channel.
I also encase the screw used to drive the intermediate wheels for driving the
circle in a chamber forming, except at the part for the passage of the wheel acted
upon by such screw, a continuous bearing for such screw to facilitate the lubrication
of this screw. The lower part of this chamber forms a reservoir, and in place of
acting directly upon the end of this screw shaft by means of an adjusting screw
and lock nuts, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, the
said Isaac Holden, bearing date the 5th December 1865, No. 3123, we now apply.
an intermediate plate of the diameter of the interior of the chamber, one surface of
which plate acts on the end of the screw and its shaft whilst the other surface is
acted upon by the adjusting pin. By these means the lubrication and the more ready
adjustment of the parts are facilitated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Isaac Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th February
1879.
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Machine Wool Combers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
The comb teeth applied to the travelling circles or holding combs used in wool
combing machinery are required to be heated, and according to the general practice
this heating is obtained by means of steam applied to a chamber formed in the
stationary bed or frame on which the moveable frame carrying the ring or circle of
comb teeth is borne, and it is found by this arrangement that a large amount of
heat required for heating such teeth is lost in its transit through the intervening
metal.
The object of the first part of my Invention is to remedy this evil by applying
the heating chamber direct to the ring or plate holding the comb teeth, or to the
moving circle in immediate contact with the ring or plate holding the comb teeth
of such circle. For this purpose in the former case the brass ring or plate holding
the comb teeth may have cast or formed in it a chamber to receive the inlet and
outlet pipes of the heating media, and in the latter case the travelling circle has
applied to its upper surface a ring tube, or that upper surface is formed into a ring
tube on which the ring of teeth, or that portion of it immediately carrying the
circle of teeth rests, so that the heat of steam supplied to this ring tube may rise
directly to the comb teeth, and this ring tube is supplied at one part of its
circumference by means of a radial tubular arm from a central source of supply,
whilst the steam after passing almost the entire circle is conducted away by another
radial tubular arm, the passage in the ring tube being stopped off between the.
inlet and outlet radial tubes. These radial tubes are permitted to rotate with the
ring they supply by suitable packed joints between their axis and the passages to
and fro of the heating medium.
The method of supplying such heating ring tube with the heating media may
however be varied.
The Invention relates, secondly, to forming the surface on which the circle
carrying the travelling comb teeth moves' with a sunken channel therein to receive
oil for lubrication; and I also apply to the under side of such circle a ring with
seginental bearing pieces formed to bear at intervals on the bottom of this channel,
and this ring is connected at intervals with its circle. By these means the heat
employed to warm the teeth is not so readily conducted to the oil used for
lubrication.
Recesses are also formed in the side or sides of the channel to facilitate the
collection and re-distribution between the segmental surfaces of the lubricating oil
contained in this channel.
Thirdly. The Invention relates to encasing the screw used to drive the intermediate
wheels for driving the circle in a chamber forming, except at the part for the
passage of the wheel acted upon by such screw, a continuous bearing for such.
screw to facilitate the lubrication of this screw. The lower part of this chamber
forms a reservoir, and in place of acting directly upon the end of this screw
shaft by means of an adjusting screw and lock nuts, as described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to me, the said Isaac Holden, bearing date the 5th
December 1865, No. 3123, we now apply an intermediate plate of the diameter.
of the interior of the chamber, one surface of which plate acts on the end of
the screw and its shaft whilst the other surface is acted upon by the adjusting.
pin. By these means the lubrication and the more ready adjustment of the parts
are facilitated:

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 a plan view of parts of
apparatus forming portions of a combing machine arranged according to the first
part of the Invention.
In both views the same letters indicate corresponding parts.
The section, Figure 1, is taken through the line 1, 1, of Figure 2.
a, à, represents a portion of the fixed circle on which the travelling circle travels;
b represents a portion of the travelling circle of holding combs traversing on the
circle a; c represents the holding combs; and c¹, the circle forming the comb head
in which the teeth care set.. d represents a ring tube placed immediately under
the comb head e in the travelling circle b, and e is the pipe or passage by which
steam is supplied to the ring d. This pipe or passage e enters one part of the ring
tube d. to conduct steam thereto, and after traversing that ring d to near the same
point the steam escapes from that ring tube d by another pipe or passage f, the
passage for the steam in the ring tube & being closed at d¹ by an abutment therein.
The pipe e rises vertically to a height sufficient to be clear of other combs,
working with the combs c and parts connected with such other combs, and then the
pipe or passage e passes off in a radial direction to the pipe g, which is also formed
with an abutment g¹ to prevent steam supplied to the part of this pipe g passing
to the part thereof below the abutment g'. The upper part of this pipe g is by a
stuffing-box connection g² connected to the pipe h for the supply of the steam from
any suitable boiler to the pipe g, and thence by the pipe e to the ring tube d, and
whilst the pipe h is stationary the pipe g is capable of rotation thereon with the
rotation of the circle of holding combs c.
The lower end of the pipe g is by stuffing box i connected to the upper end of
the interior of the central stationary pedestal j¹ on which the travelling circle of
holding combs c rotates in the ordinary way.
Both the lower end of the pipe h and the lower end of the pipe g are formed
with flanges and g² respectively to aid in the formation of closely packed joints
at, those respective parts.
The pipe frises from the ring d and is formed similarly to the pipe e, and it
passes radially to the part of the pipe below the abutment g¹ thereof, and the
steam conducted thereby is conducted down the lower part of the pipe g to the
pipe in the pedestal j, and is thence conducted away as desired.
The lower surface b¹ of the ring b rests in the channel a formed by the rising
surfaces a, a³, which channel is adapted to receive and hold lubricating oil (a plan
view showing a portion of the upper surface of this ring is represented at Figure 3),
and to facilitate the free distribution of the oil in this channel a! the under or
bearing surface 61 of the circle b travelling in that channel is, according to the
second part of the Invention, formed in segments b², as represented by the under side
view thereof at Figure 4 and edge view Figure 5, and these segmental surfaces 63
have intervals 63 between them. The extent of the respective bearing surfaces, as
well as of the intervals between them, may however be varied.
There are also recesses a¹ in the side surfaces a² into which the oil in the
channel a is forced by the action of the segmental surfaces b², b², and from
which it escapes between the one segment and the next in the traverse of the
circle b.
Figure 6 shows by sectional plan view, Figure 7 by sectional end view, and
Figure 8 by end view, parts to illustrate the third part of my Invention.
i represents the screw shaft, and l, the screw thereon used to drive the
intermediate wheels for driving-the-circle of holding combs, as-is-well-understood.-

page_text: m is the chamber to contain this screw ', and it will be seen that this chamber is
not only formed, as in the said former Specification above referred to, as a receptacle
for the oil to lubricate such screw, but according to the present improvements the
interior surface of this chamber m acts as a continuous bearing for the outer
surface of the teeth of the screw l'; and n is the intermediate plate between the
adjusting screw o and the end of the screw 1, and this plate n is prevented from
turning by means of the upper end of the screw n' acting in a transverse groove
formed for it across the edge of the plate n. By these means a more extended
bearing surface is obtained to act against the end of the screw 11.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise arrangements of parts as shown and described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention, but what I
claim is,―
First. The application of a tube or chamber for the supply of steam to heat the
ring or plate holding the comb teeth, or the moving circle in immediate contact
with the ring or plate holding the comb teeth of such circle, substantially as
described.
Secondly. I claim the arranging or combining parts forming a channel to receive
the under or bearing surface of the travelling circle and admit of the better supply
of oil to these parts, and also I claim the forming the under or bearing surface of
such circle 6 acting in such channel in segments, substantially as described.
And, Thirdly. I claim the method of obtaining increased bearing surfaces to the
screw, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Holden, havo hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Eighteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.
ISAAC HOLDEN. (L.S.)