Improvements in and connected with Typewriting Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1899
Improvements in and connected with Typewriting Machines.
I, ROBERT JOSEPH FISHER, of Athens, in the County of McMinn, and State of
Tennessee, U.S.A., Manufacturer and Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to typewriting machines of that class designed for book
work, and particularly to a platen for use in connection with a machine support,
to maintain in a proper position a leaf or leaves to receive the impression of
the printing characters; and the object in view is to provide a double platen
adapted for supporting both of the exposed leaves of a book, to adapt the machine
to be shifted from one to the other without varying the adjustment of the book
or leaf-supporting devices; furthermore, to provide a platen which is mounted
upon the support for longitudinal or axial movement, and is adapted to be
arranged in operative position, or to be moved out of the way to allow the ad-
justment of the book leaves, or to be moved from one side of a book to the other;
furthermore to provide means for eliminating vibration of the type-bar support-
ing ring in a direction transverse to the line of writing, and thereby insure an
accurate alinement of the impressions made by the printing mechanism; further-
more to provide a simple and efficient construction of supporting table adapted
for upholding a book, and provided with means for maintaining the tracks, in
operative position with relation to the surface which is to receive the impression;
furthermore to provide an improved ribbon mechanism so constructed as to be
automatically withdrawn from a position in the line of vision of the operator
after each operation of a printing key, and to be returned to operative position
in the path of the type-heads at each operation of a printing key, whereby the
operator has an unobstructed view of the line of writing, except during the
depression of a printing key; furthermore to provide a simple and efficient
construction of support for upholding a book and a machine, and for maintaining
a platen in operative relation with the book leaves, the platen being of such a
construction as to support both of the exposed leaves of a book in position to
receive the impression of the printing characters, and the book support being
of such construction as to receive an open book, and support the same through-
out its extent, whereby it may be raised, to dispose the sides of the book respec-
tively in contact with the under surfaces of the platen leaves or members;
furthermore to provide an approximately frictionless bearing for the type-arms
wherein the wear is minimized to avoid lost motion, and at the same time avoid
the necessity of frequent adjustment.
Further objects and advantages of this invention will appear in the following
description, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the
ma

page_text: In the drawings-
Figure 1 is a plan view, partly broken away, of a typewriting machine con-
structed in accordance with my invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical central section of the same.
Figure 3 is a bottom plan view.
Figure 4 is a detail view in perspective of the ribbon mechanism, detached.
Figure 5 is a plan view of the ribbon spools and connected parts to show the
means for communicating reciprocatory motion to the spools parallel with the
lines of writing.
Figure 6 is a vertical central section of the ribbon mechanism, to show the
spools and the means for communicating rotary motion thereto, and also to show
the connection between the spools and the carriage frame, whereby reciprocatory
motion is imparted to the spools in a direction parallel with the lines of writing.
Figure 7 is a detail view in perspective of the rocking trip whereby the ribbon
spool feeding mechanism is alternately thrown into operative engagement with
the spools for communicating longitudinal feeding movement to the inking
ribbon in opposite directions.
Figure 8 is a detail sectional view of the means for mounting the ribbon
spools, such section being taken parallel with the axis of the spools.
Figure 9 is a detail view of one of the ribbon spool holding or stop-pawls,
detached.
Figure 10 is a side view of a typewriting machine embodying improvenients
in the supporting-table and for preventing vibration of the type-bar ring..
Figure 11 is a bottom plan view of the same.
Figure 12 is a partial front view in detail, showing the type ring guide bar
partly in section to illustrate the connection therewith of the type ring.
Figure 13 is a perspective view of a base or table for supporting a book to
receive the impressions.
Figure 14 is a similar view showing the manner of arranging the book with
relation to the platen.
Figure 15 is a perspective view of a table illustrating a book in operative
position, and showing a slightly different form of platen with the stationary
frame of a typewriting machine in operative position.
Figure 16 is an inverted plan view of the table to show the means for adjusting
the supporting strips and holding them at the desired adjustment.
Figure 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the table.
Figure 18 is a detail transverse section of the same on the line 9"-9" of
Figure 16.
Figure 19 is a detail transverse section taken on a plane indicated by the
line 10-10 of Figure 16.
Figure 20 is a detail sectional view of the supporting strips and the superposed
plates, to show the means whereby the latter is hingedly mounted upon one of
the former.
Figure 21 is a perspective view of a double platen applied in the operative
position to a base adapted for supporting a book typewriting machine.
Figure 22 is a similar view, showing the manner of arranging the platen
leaves or members in operative relation with the book leaves.
Figure 23 is a similar view showing a platen consisting of a single leaf or
member.
Figure 24 is an inverted plan view of the base to show suitable means for
adjusting the platen supports.
Figure 25 is a longitudinal section of the base.
Figures 26 and 27 are detail sectional views on the planes indicated by the
lines 6-6 and 7--7 of Figure 24.
Figure 28 is a detail view of the platen to show the means for pivotally mount-
ing the same.
Figure 29 is a perspective view of another form of typewriting machine sup-

page_text: port, constructed in the form of a table, and showing a book arranged in opera-
tive position thereon.
Figure 30 is a similar view showing the manner of arranging the platen
leaves or members in operative relation with the book leaves.
Figure 31 is an inverted plan view of the support.
Figure 32 is a longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 33 is a detail vertical sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 31.
Figure 34 is a perspective view of a plurality of type-arms having bearings
constructed in accordance with my invention, the same being shown applied
in the operative position to a portion of a type-bar supporting ring.
Figure 35 is a vertical sectional view of the type-arm bearing, taken in a plane
transverse to the axis of motion.
Figure 36 is a sectional view of the same taken parallel with and in the plane
of the axis of motion.
Figure 37 is a detail view in perspective of the hanger and that member
of the bearing which is carried by the hanger.
Figure 38 is a similar view of one of the adjustable bearing disks, detached.
Figure 39 is a section, parallel with the axis, of a slightly modified form of
bearing.
Figure 40 is a side view of the modified construction.
Figure 41 is a detail view of a tool blade adapted for adjusting the side disks
of the bearing.
The machine embodying my present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 9
inclusive, embodies stationary horizontal parallel tracks 1, arranged transverse
to the line of writing, and adapted to rest upon the surface of a sheet or page
which is to receive the impression of the printing characters; a supporting
frame having front and rear base bars 2 and 3, and front and rear carriage
guides 4 and 5, said base bars being provided with alined notches or seats 6,
fitted upon the tracks which carry racks 7 for engagement by the feed pinions 8
of the line spacing mechanism; and a carriage 9 having front and rear bearing
rollers 10 and 11 mounted, respectively, upon said carriage guides for move-
ment parallel with the lines of writing, said carriage supporting a pendent type-
bar supporting ring 12 of crescent shape, upon which are mounted the type-
bars 13. Furthermore, the machine embodying the present invention includes
a plurality of printing keys 14 connected by intermediately pivoted key levers 15
with draw rods 16, which are in turn connected with the type-bars, and are
adapted, when the printing keys are depressed, to communicate motion respec-
tively to the type-bars to cause their depression to the printing position. The
carriage also provided with a forwardly and rearwardly extending feed shaft 18
provided at its front and rear ends with pinions 19 and 20 meshing with racks 21
and 22 disposed respectively contiguous to the front and rear carriage guides,
any suitable carriage feeding mechanism being employed in connection with
said feed shaft, such, for instance, as that indicated at 23.
In order to facilitate the adjustment and prompt locking of the line spacing
pinions 8 at the desired interval between the tracks 1 (which, obviously, are
adjustable laterally to suit the width of the surface which is to receive the im-
pression, by arranging them in different seats 6 of the base bars 2 and 3), I
provide the hub of each pinion with a parallel-sided pivotal dog 25 actuated by
a spring 26, and normally held thereby in position to engage either of a series
of notches 27 formed in said spindle, the pinions being feathered upon the spindle
to allow axial adjustment of the former upon the latter, and yet provide for the
communication of rotary motion from the latter to the former. The pawls 25
are provided with projecting finger-holds 28, by grasping which the operator
is enabled to disengage the pinions to allow axial adjustment thereof to suit the
interval between the tracks. The release of the dog causes its immediate engage-
ment with the notch 27 in the plane of which it may be arranged, and hence
the prompt locking of each pinion at the desired adjustment. A step by step

page_text: rotary motion may be communicated to the spindle 24 by any suitable line spac-
ing mechanism, including, for instance, a ratchet wheel 29, and a pivotal line
spacing lever 30 having a pawl 31 to engage the teeth of said ratchet wheel.
Mounted upon the hereinbefore described supporting frame, preferably by
means of terminal brackets 32, is a ribbon spool spindle 33 which is thus
arranged parallel with the lines of writing, and mounted upon this spindle for
rotary and axial movement are twin ribbon spools 34 upon which are reeled the
extremities of the inking ribbon 35. The spools are preferably mounted upon a
sleeve 36 which is fitted to slide upon the spindle 33, the terminal portions of the
sleeve being reduced to form journals 37, and the spools being held from dis-
placement, while being free to rotate independently of each other and of the
sleeve, by means of removable collars 38 secured to the sleeve by set screws 39.
The type-bar bearing clips 17, which are arranged in contact with the under-
side of the type-bar supporting ring 12, are held in place by a securing plate 40,
which, as shown in Figure 3, is of sectional construction, and comprises main
or terminal members 40 and an intermediate or short member 40b, said member
being held in place by securing screws 41. This intermediate securing plate
member 40 is, however, extended, as shown clearly in said Figure 3, to form
an armed bracket 42, from the extremities of which rise the rear hanger rods 43
by which the center of the supporting ring 12 is held in place. The front ends
of the supporting rings are attached to hangers 44. This bracket 42 is also
provided with depending stop pins 45 which extend to a point below the plane of
the upper sides of the tracks 1 to limit the movement of the carriage parallel
with the lines of writing by contact with the inner surfaces of said tracks.
The hanger rods 43, which are of even diameter throughout, serve as supports
for the ribbon spool operating mechanism, which, in the construction illustrated,
consists of a rock shaft 46 having arms 47 to the extremities of which are
pivoted ribbon spool feeding pawls 48, for engagement with the ratchet teeth of
the ribbon spools, as clearly illustrated in Figures 2, 4 and 6. Holding or
stop pawls 49 are also preferably used in this. connection to prevent backward
rotation of the ribbon spools during the backward movement of the rock shaft 46,
said holding pawls being of angular or elbow construction, and being loosely
mounted upon the rock shaft with their extremities held yieldingly by gravity,
of any equivalent force, in operative engagement with the teeth of the ribbon
spool ratchets. As it is necessary, in order to feed the ribbon longitudinally,
that one of the spools be allowed to turn in a direction to unreel the ribbon,
while the other is being fed to reel the ribbon, means must be provided for caus-
ing alternate engagement of the ribbon spool feeding pawls with their respective
ratchets, and hence I employ a rocking trip lever 50, fulcrumed at an intermediate
point and arranged with its arms under the feed and stop pawls for the respective
ribbon spools. When this trip lever is tilted to release the feed and stop pawls
of one spool, by withdrawing the contiguous arm thereof from contact with
said pawls, the other arm is elevated sufficiently to raise the teed and stop
pawls of the other ribbon spool out of engagement, whereby the oscillation of
the rock shaft 46 causes the feeding movement of the ribbon in one direction.
Obviously, the reversal of the trip lever will change the relative positions of
the operating pawls, whereby the movement of the shaft 46 is communicated to
the other ribbon spool to feed the ribbon in the opposite direction. I preferably
provide each ribbon spool with a ratchet on each flange thereof, whereby said
spools may be arranged respectively at either end of the sleeve 36, or may be
reversed in position when the teeth of the ratchets become worn. Any desired
tension may be produced in the ribbon by the adjustment of the collars 38
toward and from the contiguous ribbon spools. The trip lever is yieldingly
held in either of its adjusted positions by means of a spring 51 engaging a cam
faced projection 52 at the center of the lever, and the lever is preferably pro-
vided with terminal finger holds or ears 53 to facilitate the reversal thereof to
change the direction of movement of the inking ribbon.

page_text: The main
As above indicated, the ribbon spool operating mechanism is carried by the
hanger rods 43, and in order to provide for the attachment of said feeding
mechanism with facility to the machine, and also to provide any required
vertical adjustment thereof with relation to the ribbon spools, I preferably, in
this connection, employ a bracket 54 upon which the rock shaft 46 and the trip
lever 50 are mounted, said bracket having a horizontal upper arm 55 provided
with a pendent rear end 56 upon which the trip lever is fulcrumed, said hori-
zontal arm serving as a means whereby the spring 52 is attached.
plate of this bracket 54 is also provided with terminal lateral ears 57 having
bearings for the rock shaft 46, and is secured, by means of a screw 58 or its
equivalent, to a clamp 59 having terminal seats for engaging the hanger rod 43.
It will be seen from the foregoing description that, while the machine is of
that class wherein the carriage, which moves parallel with the lines of writing,
carries the printing mechanism, consisting of the type-bars and keys, the ribbon
spools, constituting the inking mechanism, are mounted upon the line spacing
or supporting frame, which is mounted upon the tracks for movement at right
angles to the lines of writing. These ribbon spools, however, are mounted upon
a common spindle, and are, hence, co-axial, and it is necessary, from the fact
that the intermediate or operative portion of the ribbon does not extend through
a distance equal to the lengths of the lines of writing, that the spools should be
moved co-extensively with the carriage during the operation of the machine. To
accomplish this movement, I provide the above mentioned bracket 54 with a
feed arm 59 which projects rearwardly, and is provided with a terminal fork 60
fitting in the circumferential groove Gl at the center of the ribbon spool sleeve,
between the contiguous sides of the ribbon spools, all as clearly illustrated in
Figures 5 and 6. Hence, with each movement of the carriage during the print-
ing operation, the ribbon spools are simultaneously moved in an axial direction
parallel with the path of the carriage, without interfering in any way with the
rotary movement of the spools under the influence of the feeding mechanism
herein before described.
This feed arm 59, which has a bearing upon the sleeve which fits to slide upon
the ribbon spool spindle, has, however, an additional function, residing in the
fact that it acts as a brace to prevent rearward vibration of the basket or pendent
portion of the carriage, consisting of the type-bar supporting ring and the type-
bars mounted thereon. In other words, the ribbon spool spindle, which is
arranged parallel with the path of the carriage, serves as a guide for the type-bar
supporting ring, and by reason of the interposed feed arm 59, has a sliding con-
nection therewith by which lost motion in the carriage is eliminated. This
bracing or guiding action, however, is assisted by an auxiliary or front guide 62,
with which the extremities of the crescent shaped supporting ring 12 have a
sliding connection, consisting of slides or clips 63 having upwardly extending
blades which fit in a longitudinal groove 64 formed in the underside of the guide
bar 62. The front and rear guides 62 and 63, with which the type-bar support-
ing ring has a sliding connection at its front and rear sides, effectually prevent
either linear or torsional vibration of the supporting ring.
The co-axial arrangement of the ribbon spools involves a looped arrangement
of the intermediate or operative portion of the inking ribbon, as clearly illus-
trated in Figures 3 and 4, the sides of this loop passing respectively over and
under upper and lower ribbon guide pins 65 and 66 carried, respectively, by the
brackets 54 and 42. In practice these guide pins are preferably provided with
anti-friction sleeves or rolls to reduce the frictional contact of the ribbon there-
with. After leaving the guide pin 66, at one side of the brackets 42, the ribbon
passes through a plurality of guide openings in an oscillatory ribbon guide 67,
which is pivotally mounted upon an inward extension or ear 42" of the securing
plate member 40, the hinge connection being indicated in Figures 2 and 3
at 68. The inner or front end of the oscillatory guide is cut away between for-
wardly extending arms 69 to form a space which is spanned parallel with the

page_text: lines of writing by the central portion of the ribbon, said arm 69 being provided
with angle guide slots or loops 70 forming front ribbon guide openings, while
the sides of the looped portion. of the ribbon pass through rear guide slots. or
loops 71. It is also desirable, in order to vary the point of contact of the type
transversely of the ribbon, to employ means for varying said intermediate or
central operative portion of the ribbon transversely to the line of writing, and
hence the oscillatory ribbon guide is made of sectional construction, the main
section 67 being pivotally mounted upon the ear 42", while the adjustable
member 67 is mounted to slide upon the main member. For this purpose said
adjustable member is provided with an ear 72 fitted in a guide 73 on the main
member, and is held at the desired adjustment by means of a locking or thumb-
screw 74.
As above indicated, it is an object of my present invention to provide ribbon
carrying devices of such a construction as to be withdrawn from the line of vision
of the operator after each operation of a printing key, and to retain it out of said
line of vision normally, or except at such times as the printing mechanism is
in operation. A simple means of accomplishing this operation is indicated in
the drawings, wherein the rock shaft 75, from which motion is communicated
to the carriage feeding mechanism, is connected by a push rod, or equivalent
connection 76, with the ribbon guide or carrier, said push rod being provided
with a return spring 77 by which said ribbon guide or carrier is yieldingly held
in its inoperative position to maintain the intermediate portion of the ribbon
out of the line of vision of the operator. Said push rod is connected with the
rock shaft 75 by means of a crank arm 78, and said rock shaft is actuated by
the printing keys 14 through yoke levers 79 connected with vertical slides 80
which are in turn connected with crank arms 81 on the rock shaft. This rock
shaft is also utilized in the construction illustrated to communicate motion to
the ribbon feeding mechanism, connection being made by means of a crank arm 82
on the rock shaft 75, a pull rod 83, and an arm 84 on the rock shaft 46.
Thus, when a printing key is depressed to operate a type-bar 13, the rock
shaft 75 is turned and thereby actuates the push rod 76 and lowers the ribbon
guide or carrier to bring the intermediate portion of the ribbon into the path
of the type-bar which is being actuated; and also actuates the connection 83
to communicate motion to the rock shaft 46 of the ribbon feeding mechanism.
Inasmuch, however, as the crank arms 78 and 82 extend in opposite directions,
it will be seen that while the ribbon guide or carrier is thrown to its operative
position during the downward movement of a printing key, said movement of the
printing key turns the rock shaft 46 of the ribbon feeding mechanism to draw
the feed pawls 48 forward to engage the next tooth of the feeding ribbon spool.
Therefore, said ribbon spool is given a forward step, to feed the ribbon, when the
printing key is released, or during the upward movement thereof, after an
impression has been made by the type carried by the type-bar.
As a means of arranging the line spacing or supporting frame in such a posi-
tion as to write upon any desired line of a page or sheet, where such sheet or
page is ruled, or where it is desired to continue a line already started, I prefer-
ably provide the machine with a "line-finder" consisting of a pivotal arm 85
having a head 86 consisting of a straight edge, and actuated by a key 87 con-
nected with the arm by a push rod 88. By depressing this line-finder arm and
moving the line spacing or supporting frame in a direction transverse to the
lines of writing, the head 86 of the arm may be alined with the desired ruling
on a sheet or page without loss of time.
From the above description of the means for withdrawing the operative por-
tion of the inking ribbon from the line of vision of the operator, it will be seen
that the ribbon guide or carrier can be moved to a greater or less extent at each
operation of a printing key, to suit said line of vision, by varying the length of
the crank arm 78, but as the line of vision is approximately uniform in a given
machine, I have deemed it unnecessary to provide any means for adjusting the

page_text: length of said crank arm. Obviously, the minimum movement of the ribbon
guide or carrier is desirable in order to accomplish the desired purpose, as by
reducing the extent of throw of said guide the resistance offered to the operation
of the printing keys is proportionately diminished. Said resistance, however,
is very slight, owing to the fact that the guide or carrier is of light construction,
and also owing to the fact that it is moved to its operative position, during the
operation of a printing key, by depression, and hence such operation is assisted
by gravity. The guide or carrier is moved upwardly to its inoperative position,
and such movement is accomplished without effort upon the part of the operator,
by the retracting spring 77.
The machine embodying the invention shown in Figures 10 to 20 inclusive,
is mounted for movement transverse to the line of writing upon parallel tracks 1,
which are adapted to rest upon the sheet or page to receive the impression of
the printing mechanism. The movable or line spacing frame upon which the
carriage 2 is mounted, comprises front and rear base bars 3 and 4, having seats 5
to receive the upper sides of the tracks 1, and front and rear carriage guides 6
and 7, together with suitable uprights 8, or their equivalents, for connecting
the base bars with the carriage guides. The line spacing mechanism, employed
for moving the line spacing frame, 3-4--6-8, in a direction transverse to the
line of writing, includes pinions 9 carried by a transverse spindle 10 mounted
in bearings 11 and 12 on the front of said frame, to engage racks 13 on said
tracks 1, together with means for imparting a step by step motion to the spindle
to advance said frame parallel with the tracks, said means being illustrated in the
drawings in Figure 11 at 14, and consisting, essentially, of a ratchet wheel 15
and a line spacing lever 16.
Depending from the carriage 2, which is mounted upon the carriage guides
for movement parallel with the lines of writing, is a type-bar supporting ring 17,
of crescent shape, as illustrated in Figure 11, and mounted upon this ring are
type-bars 18 actuated by keys 19 through intermediate connections, including
draw-rods 20. The type-bar supporting ring consists of a flat bar or plate sup-
porting a plurality of bearing clips 21.
Arranged parallel with the line of writing, and hence with the front and rear
base bars 3 and 4 of the frame, and in front of the horns or extremities of the
crescent supporting ring, is a guide bar 34, with which the supporting ring has
a sliding connection, to prevent forward and rearward vibration, or movement
perpendicular to the lines of writing, of said supporting ring, the straps or
standards 35 by which said ring is supported being liable, when the machine is
rapidly operated, to yield or twist and thus destroy the accurate alinement of
the impressions. In the construction illustrated, this guide bar is provided in
its underside with a longitudinal groove 36 in which operate the blades 37 of
slides or feathers 38 which are secured to the extremities of the supporting ring.
Said groove is formed in the underside of the guide bar in order to prevent
accumulations of dust therein, and oil holes 39 are preferably arranged in the
bar at suitable points to provide for the introductions of a lubricant. The guide
bar is supported terminally upon the frame, slightly above the plane of the
front base bar 3, but it is obvious that any equivalent means of support may be
devised without affecting the function of said bar, which resides in preventing
vibration of the type-bar supporting ring in a direction transverse to the line
of writing, the use of two slides or feathers 38 also serving to prevent torsional
movement of the supporting ring.
The details of the printing mechanism, feeding mechanism, and inking
devices are not illustrated in this modification. It is simply necessary, in this
connection to indicate the type-bars to which reference has heretofore been made,
and ribbon mechanism including ribbon spools 39ª, a ribbon guide 40, and a
ribbon 41 traversing said guide and reeled upon the spools, an intermediate
portion of said ribbon being arranged in the path of the type heads 42 carried
by said type-bars.

page_text: In connection with the above described mechanism, I have illustrated an im-
proved construction of support or table for a typewriting machine having the
described tracks 1, or an equivalent thereof. Keferring to Figures 13 to 20
inclusive, the table top. 89 is provided parallel with its front and rear edges with
slots 90 for the reception of machine supporting strips 91, whereby said strips
may be wholly let into the table top to arrange their upper surfaces flush with
the surface of said top. These supporting strips are adapted to maintain the
tracks 1 in a horizontal position in contact with the surface of the sheet or page
upon which an impression is to be made, as illustrated in Figures 13 and 15, a
book, which is illustrated at 92, being arranged between the supporting strips.
In order to adjust the supporting strips to a height above the surface of the
table top to suit the thickness of that side of the book upon which an impression
is to be made, I employ segment gears 93, shown clearly in Figures 18 and 19,
connected in pairs by spindles 94 which are arranged longitudinally of the table
top, preferably contiguous to the inner surfaces of the front and rear skirting
boards 95. These segment gears mesh with racks 96 depending from the sup-
porting strips contiguous to their extremities, and simultaneous rotary motion
in opposite directions is communicated to the spindles of the segment gears by
means of worms 97 meshing with worm gears 98 on said spindles, the worms
being carried by a common worm shaft 99 which is mounted transversely of
the table top and extends beyond the front edge thereof to receive an operating
crank 100. By turning this worm shaft the strips may be simultaneously raised
or lowered to the desired height, and the use of worms meshing with worm gears
provides for retaining said strips at the desired adjustment without the use of
auxiliary locking devices. Hence, the operation of the supporting strips is
simplified, and we are enabled to adjust them instantly to the desired height to
suit the book, and change such adjustment as often as may be required in the
operation of the machine, without the loss of time which would be involved by
the manipulation of locking devices.
As the horizontal planes of the sides of a book vary according to the point at
which the book is opened, it is necessary to provide means for supporting the
leaves of the lower side of the book in proper position for receiving the impres-
sion of the printing characters. Hence, a platen 101 is employed to span the
interval between the supporting strips and rest at its front and rear edges
thereon, whereby a leaf which is to receive the impression is brought to and
arranged upon the upper surface of this platen, and is there held by the super-
posed tracks 1. In the construction illustrated in Figures 13 and 14, the platen
is double, or is of sufficient area to cover both sides of the book, or both leaves
which are exposed when the book is opened, and upon a transverse line (or a line
transverse to the line of writing) between the parts or different leaf members
of this platen is formed a slot 102, upwardly through which may be extended a
plurality of the book leaves, to arrange them respectively upon the different
parts or leaf members of the platen. By this arrangement it is possible to write
on either of the exposed pages of a book without changing the adjustment of
the supporting devices or the position of the book, both of the exposed pages
being arranged in a common plane upon the upper surface of a continuous platen,
which is co-extensive with the combined surfaces of the exposed leaves, and is
supported by the strips 91.
In the construction illustrated this platen is pivotally or hingedly mounted
upon one of the supporting strips, preferably by means of hinge eyes or clips 103
fitted upon a hinge rod or pin 104 secured to said strip, whereby the platen is
permanently attached to and forms a part of the table, and is adapted to be
folded back to expose a book when it is desired to turn a leaf thereof. After
opening the book two or more leaves may be raised, as indicated in Figure 14,
and inserted edgewise through the transverse slot of the platen, and thereby
extended to the upper surface of the latter for subsequent outward folding to
lie in a horizontal position, as shown in Figure 13.

page_text: In the construction illustrated in Figure 15, the platen 101* is co-extensive
with only one leaf of a book, and is not attached to either of the supporting
strips, although supported at its front and rear edges thereby. In other words,
this modified construction of platen is separate or disconnected from the table,
and is adapted to be disposed under a leaf at either side of the book, as may be
desired.
Referring to Figures 21 to 28 inclusive, the base 89, which may be constructed
in the form of a horizontal table top, and may, as illustrated, be provided with
suitable supporting legs, is longitudinally slotted, as shown at 90, for the recep-
tion of strips 91 forming platen supports, the interval between the strips being
such as to receive a book 92 resting upon the base, and the strips being designed
to bear the weight of tracks 1.
The means illustrated in the drawing for varying the vertical adjustment of
the supporting strips include segment gears 93, connected in pairs by spindles 94
which are arranged longitudinally of the base, racks 96 depending from the strips
contiguous to their extremities and engaged by said segment gears, and worms 97
meshing with worm gears 98 on said spindles and carried by a worm shaft 99,
which is mounted transversely of the base and extends beyond the front edge
thereof, within reach of the operator, to receive an operating crank 100.
Arranged upon the supports 91, or any equivalent thereof, forming a part of
a suitable machine support, is a platen 101 which, in the construction illustrated,
spans the interval between the strips and rests at its front and rear edges respec-
tively thereon, whereby a leaf, which is to receive the impression, is brought to
and arranged upon the upper surface of the platen, and is there held by the
superposed tracks 1. In the construction illustrated in Figures 21 and 22, the
platen is double, or of a double leaf form, whereby it is of sufficient area to cover
both sides of a book, and thus support both of the exposed leaves when the book
is opened, and upon a transverse line (or a line transverse to the line of writing)
between the parts or different platen leaves or members, is formed a slot 102,
upwardly through which may be extended a plurality of book leaves, to arrange
them respectively upon the said platen leaves or members. By this arrangement
it is possible to write on either of the exposed pages of a book without changing
the adjustment of the supporting devices or the position of the book, both of
the exposed pages being arranged in a common plane upon the upper surface
of a continuous platen, which is co-extensive with the combined surfaces of the
exposed leaves, and is supported, as above indicated, by the base, or the vertically
adjustable supports 91 which may be used in connection with the base.
In the construction illustrated, this platen is pivotally or hingedly mounted,
preferably at its rear edge, upon one of the supporting strips, as by means of
hinge eyes or clips 103 fitted upon a hinge rod or pin 104 secured to said strip,
whereby the platen is permanently attached to the base, and is adapted to swing
upward to expose a book when it is desired to turn a leaf thereof. After opening
the book two or more leaves may be raised, as indicated in Figure 22, and in-
serted edgewise through the transverse slot of the platen, between the leaves or
members thereof, and thereby extended to the upper surface of the platen for
subsequent outward folding to lie in a horizontal position, as indicated in
Figure 21.
In the construction illustrated in Figure 23, the platen 101 is co-extensive
with only one leaf of a book, but is pivotally mounted at one edge upon the con-
tiguous support, or other suitable portion of the base, by means of hinge-eyes 103*
fitted upon a hinge rod or pin 104. This modified construction of platen thus
corresponds approximately with one leaf or member of the double platen illus-
trated in Figures 21 and 22.
In both of the illustrated forms of my leaf-supporting device, however, the
platen is not only mounted for swinging movement upon the base, but is capable
of axial movement, parallel with the lines of writing, and, in order that this
movement may be accomplished, the hinge rod or pin is extended beyond the

page_text: hinge eyes, to allow an adjustment of greater or less extent, in order that the
particular position of the book upon the base may be accommodated by the platen
without necessitating accuracy in the placement of the book. In other words,
if the book should be so arranged upon the base that the binding crease is not
accurately alined with the slot in the platen, illustrated in Figures 21 and 22,
or the edge of the leaf, illustrated in Figure 23, the necessary longitudinal
adjustment of the platen may be accomplished to produce such alinement, and
thereby avoid difficulty in disposing the parts in their proper relative positions,
and also avoid the risk of tearing, or otherwise injuring, the leaves of the book
in the course of such adjustment.
Referring to Figures 29 to 33 inclusive, the support embodying my present
invention consists of a stationary base or frame SS beneath the horizontal top
of which is arranged a vertically movable book support 89, the horizontal top
of the base or frame being provided with an opening 90 bounded at its front
and rear sides by parallel supporting strips 91, the interval between these strips
being such as to receive a book 92 upheld by the adjustable book support 89.
These supporting strips are adapted to maintain the tracks or guides in a hori-
zontal position.
The means, whereby the book support 89 is adjusted vertically to suit the thick-
ness of the book supported thereby, include segment gears 93, connected in pairs
by spindles 94, which are arranged transversely of the table top, preferably above
the plane of the lower edges of the skirting boards 95. These segment gears
mesh with racks 96 depending from the book support 89 contiguous to its
extremities, and simultaneous rotary motion, in opposite directions, is communi-
cated to the spindles of the segment gears by means of a worm 97, meshing with
a worm gear 98 on a counter or connecting spindle 94", which extends longi-
tudinally between the spindles 94, and is provided with bevel gears 94b to mesh
with corresponding gears 94° on said spindles, the worm being carried by a worm
shaft 99, which is mounted transversly of the table top, and extends beyond the
front edge thereof to receive an operating crank 100. By turning this worm shaft
the book support 89 may be raised or lowered to the desired height, and the use
of a worm, meshing with a worm gear, provides for retaining the book support
at the desired adjustment without the use of auxiliary locking devices. Hence,
the operation of the book support, in adapting it to the thickness of a book, is
simplified, and I am enabled to adjust it instantly to the desired height, and
change the adjustment as often as may be required in the operation of the
machine, without the loss of time which would be involved by the manipulation
of auxiliary locking devices.
Spanning the opening 90 in the supporting frame, between the parallel sup-
porting strips 91, which, in the construction illustrated in Figures 29 to 33
inclusive, are fixed or stationary, is a horizontal platen or book leaf support for
maintaining book leaves in contact with the undersides of the tracks 1, to receive
the impression of the printing characters. In the construction illustrated in
Figures 29 to 33 of the drawings, the platen or leaf support is of sectional con-
struction, and comprises platen leaves or members 101, each being approximately
co-extensive with the leaf of a book on the book support 89, and the inner edges
of said platen leaves or members being separated to form a transverse elongated
opening or slot 102, through which one or more book leaves may be extended
upwardly for arrangement in a flat position upon the upper surface of the
platen. Obviously, after the extension of the book leaves and their arrange-
ment in contact with the upper surface of the platen, they are held from dis-
placement by the weight of the tracks 1, and of the superposed typewriting
machine, which, however, is not illustrated in the present drawings.
Furthermore, in the construction illustrated in Figures 29. to 33 inclusive,
the platen leaves or sections are hinged at their outer or remote edges to the. base
or supporting frame, and are adapted to fit wholly within the opening 90, to
occupy positions with their upper surfaces flush with the upper surface of the

page_text: base, and hence with the upper surfaces of the supporting strips 91, but it is
obvious that in practice said platen leaves or members may be disposed to rest
upon the supporting strips, and may be made separate from the supporting frame,
instead of permanently connected therewith, as illustrated.
In operation, the platen leaves or members are outwardly foldable, to the
positions indicated in dotted lines in Figure 30, when the book 92 may be dis-
posed upon the vertically adjustable book support 89, the latter being moved by
the manipulation of the crank 100 to bring the upper surface of the thicker
side of the book as close to the plane of the upper surface of the base or support-
ing frame as possible, without interfering with the subsequent arrangement of
the platen leaves or members in their normal horizontal positions. One or
more leaves of the book may then be turned up, as shown in Figure 30, and the
platen leaves or sections folded inward to locate said upturned book leaves in the
elongated opening or slot 102 between contiguous parallel edges of the platen
leaves or members, and subsequently the book leaves are folded outward, to the
position illustrated in Figure 29, and the tracks 1 are arranged in parallel posi-
tions upon either of the book leaves to hold it in a flat position suitable for re-
ceiving the impression of the printing characters.
It will be seen that by arranging the segment gear spindles 94 parallel with
the end edges of the base or supporting frame, and connecting said spindles
for simultaneous rotation by a counter shaft 94", which is located at the rear edge
of the base or supporting frame, the front of the base or supporting frame is
left free, whereby, when the support is constructed as a table, sufficient space is
allowed for the knees of the operator, without necessitating a support of an incon-
venient height; and as the means for manipulating the adjustable book support,
and consisting of the crank 100, is located at the front edge of the base, it is
obvious that it is within convenient reach of the operator, and may be adjusted
from time to time, as found necessary in order to dispose the book in a proper
position with relation to the platen, which, when in use, is fixed in position,
although capable of outward displacement, as above described, in order to give
access to the impression receiving object and facilitate the arrangement of the
book leaves or other objects in contact with the upper surface of the platen.
The bearing forming the subject-matter of my invention as shown in
Figures 34 to 41 inclusive, consists of co-operating members carried respectively
by the type-arm 1 and a hanger 2, the latter consisting essentially of a securing
plate adapted to be attached by screws 3, or equivalent fastening device, to the
type-bar supporting 'ring 4, or equivalent means provided in a typewriting
machine for that purpose. That member of the bearing which is preferably
carried by the hanger consists of an intermediate or core-disk 5, which may be
integrally connected with the hanger by means of a neck 6, said disk, in the
construction illustrated in Figures 34 to 41 inclusive, being provided in its
opposite or outwardly facing sides with ball races 7, arranged concentric with
the axis of the bearing, the diameter of each race being greater than the thick-
ness of the core-disk, and hence greater than the interval between the races.
That member of the bearing which is preferably carried by the type-arm is
centrally recessed, parallel with its sides, or is bifurcated, to form spaced parallel
side disks or cheeks 9, of a diameter approximately equal to the intermediate
core-disk 5, and connected transversely by an annular band 10, of which the
interior diameter is approximately equal to the diameter of the core-disk, and
which embraces the same, except throughout a distance sufficient to admit the
core-disk, where it is cut away to form a slot 11 of a width approximately equal
to the axial thickness of the core-disk. This slot not only serves to admit the
core-disk, but to allow the movable member of the bearing to vibrate through
an interval corresponding with the throw of the type-arm, without contact with
the neck 6, which extends through the slot.
The disks 9. are provided in their inner sides with ball races 12 which face in-
ward and register with the outward facing ball races 7 of the core-disk, said

page_text: races being of equal diameters, and having fitted therein the annular keys 18,
consisting, preferably, of anti-friction balls, and I preferably thread the side
disks 9 peripherally and screw them axially into the band 10, to vary the inter-
vals between the inner faces of the side disks and the side faces of the interposed
core-disk, and thus vary the adjustment to compensate for wear, either of the
ball races, or of the anti-friction balls which are fitted therein. I have found
that it is possible to accomplish the desired adjustment of the members of the
ball races with great nicety by thus threading the spaced disks in the band form-
ing the body portion of the movable bearing member, said band being preferably
formed integral with the shank of the type-arm.
It will be observed, furthermore, that by arranging the spaced or side disks
or elements in a band carried by the type-arm, particularly when the type-arms
strike downward to print, the slot 11, or cut-away portion of the band, is
arranged mainly at the underside of the movable bearing member, while the
continuous portion of the band is upper-most, and hence in practice dust is ex-
cluded from the bearing surfaces. This exclusion of dust, however, is made
more perfect by the fact that the core-disk or intermediate element 5 is approxi-
mately equal in thickness or axial width with the slot 11, and in diametrical
width is approximately equal with the interior or bore of the band.
It will be seen, therefore, that the core-enclosing member of the bearing con-
stitutes a shell of which the cylindrical wall peripherally embraces the core-
disk, while the heads, of which one or both may be axially adjustable, cover the
side surfaces of the core-disk; and while, in the preferred construction of the
device, both of these heads, which consist of the disks 9, are axially adjustable,
it is obvious that, as shown in Figures 39 and 40, one of the disks or heads 9"
may be formed integral with the band or body-portion of the member, while the
remaining head or disk 9b is axially adjustable, as herein before described. The
adjustable or spaced disks take up lost motion, preferably by positive lateral
contraction of the ball races, and, owing to the extent or circumference of these
ball races, it is obvious that the wear thereon and also upon the balls will be
slight, and, therefore, that infrequent adjustments, only, of the spaced disks,
will be necessary in order to avoid lateral play. In addition to their function of
reducing friction, the balls serve as keys to interlock with the surfaces of the
parallel elements of the bearing members and prevent relative longitudinal
or radial displacement, no pivot or equivalent thereof being necessary in con-
nection with the improved construction. Also, these annular keys, formed by
the series of anti-friction balls, are replaceable when worn. Also, the bearing
of the side disks or elements upon the balls is wholly lateral, or inward and out-
ward in opposite directions parallel with the axis of motion of the type-arm,
with no tendency to spread or contract the series, as when a coned adjusting
element is employed, and hence swinging movement of the type-arm may be
attained without lateral play.
The means illustrated in the drawing for communicating motion to the type-
arm is of the ordinary construction, consisting of a draw rod 19 connected to a
projection or ear 20 on the band of the movable bearing member, but it is
obvious that any equivalent device may be substituted therefor, to suit the parti-
cular machine in connection with which the improved bearing is employed.
In the drawing, the interplaced elements, consisting of the core-disk 5 and the
parallel side disks or heads 9, are of registering centrally-open or annular con-
struction, the removal of the centers of the disks being possible by reason of
the fact that the bearing which I have devised does not depend upon a pivot, or
upon any element located at or adjacent to the axis of movement of the type-
arm; and although this central boring of the parallel elements is not indispens-
able, I have found it to be of advantage as facilitating machine work upon the
elements, in the construction thereof, and have also utilized the opening thus
formed to receive the centering nib or post 17 of a tool 14 which I employ for
adjusting the disks 9, said tool being provided with blade edges 15 to engage

page_text: diametrically opposite seats or notches 16 in the inner peripheries of the said
disks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage mounted for
movement parallel with the lines of writing and carrying printing mechanism,
of inking mechanism, including ribbon spools mounted upon a support which
is fixed with relation to the carriage and parallel with the lines of writing, and
means for imparting axial movement to the spools from the carriage, substan-
tially as specified.
2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage mounted for
movement parallel with the lines of writing, and carrying printing mechanism,
of inking mechanism, including twin co-axial ribbon spools, having a common
journal sleeve, a fixed spindle upon which said sleeve is mounted for sliding move-
ment with the carriage parallel with the lines of writing, and means for impart-
ing a step by step rotary motion to one of the spools, substantially as specified.
3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage mounted for
movement parallel with the lines of writing, and carrying printing mechanism,
of inking mechanism including ribbon spools having a common support and
mounted for movement parallel with the lines of writing, and a feed arm on the
carriage having connection with the spools to impart axial movement thereto,
substantially as specified.
4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage mounted for
movement parallel with the lines of writing, and carrying printing mechanism,
of inking mechanism including co-axial ribbon spools mounted for movement
parallel with the lines of writing and having ratchets, independent feed pawls
arranged respectively in operative relation with the ratchets of the ribbon
spools, operating connections between said pawls and the printing mechanism,
and trip mechanism including a rocking lever having its arms arranged respec-
tively under said pawls, and means for securing the lever in its adjusted posi-
tions, substantially as specified.
5. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage mounted for
movement parallel with the lines of writing, and carrying printing mechanism.
of inking mechanism, including ribbon spools mounted for axial movement
parallel with the lines of writing, and an oscillatory ribbon guide or carrier
operatively connected with the printing mechanism and having spaced angu-
larly disposed ribbon guiding loops adjustable transversely with relation to the
lines of writing, and a locking device for securing said ribbon guiding loops at
the desired adjustment, substantially as specified.
6. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage mounted for
movement parallel with the lines of writing, and carrying printing mechanism,
of inking mechanism, including ribbon spools mounted for axial movement
parallel with the lines of writing, a hinged ribbon guide or carrier operatively
connected with the printing mechanism for oscillatory movement, and having an
adjustable section provided with angularly disposed ribbon guiding loops and
adapted for adjustment transversely to the lines of writing, and means for secur-
ing said adjustable member at the desired adjustment, substantially as specified.
7. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a supporting frame, a
carriage mounted upon said frame for movement parallel with the lines of writ-
ing, and printing and inking mechanism, the former including a pendent type-
bar supporting ring, of a guide bar attached to the supporting frame in rear of
the type-bar supporting ring and parallel with the lines of writing, the inking
mechanism mounted on the guide bar, and a sliding connection between said
supporting ring and the guide bar, substantially as specified.
;

page_text: 8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a supporting frame, a
carriage mounted upon said frame for movement parallel with the lines of writing,
and printing and inking mechanism, the former including a pendent type-bar
supporting ring, of front and rear guide bars secured to the supporting frame
contiguous to the plane of and respectively in front and in rear of the supporting
ring, and parallel with the lines of writing, the rear guide bar receiving and
supporting the inking mechanism, and sliding connections between said support-
ing ring and said front and rear guide bars to prevent vibration of the support-
ing ring transversely to the lines of writing, substantially as specified.
9. A typewriting machine support having a book supporting base and elevated
machine supporting strips spaced apart to form an interval sufficient to receive
a book, and adjustable toward and from the plane of the base, substantially as
specified.
10. A typewriting machine support having a base, horizontal machine sup-
porting strips adjustable toward and from the plane of the base, and arranged
at an interval adapted to receive a book, and a leaf supporting platen supported
by said strips, substantially as specified.
11. A typewriting machine support having a book supporting base, a hori-
zontal machine supporting strip adjustable toward and from the plane of the
base, and a leaf supporting platen hinged at one edge upon said strip, to span
that portion of the base which is adapted to be occupied by a book, substantially
as specified.
12. A typewriting machine support having a book supporting base, and a
platen supporting member adjustable to vary the interval between the plane of
the platen and that of the base, the platen being mounted upon said member
for swinging movement, substantially as specified.
13. A typewriting machine support having a frame, a horizontally disposed
member mounted upon the frame for adjustment toward and from the plane of
the frame, and adapted to be secured at the desired adjustment, and a book leaf
supporting platen carried by said adjustable member, substantially as specified.
14. A typewriting machine support having a base and spaced supports, and
a book leaf supporting platen spanning the interval between the supports and
hingedly mounted at one edge upon one of the supports, substantially as specified.
15. The herein-described typewriting machine support having a table top,.
front and rear parallel machine supporting strips mounted upon the table top
for supporting opposite ends of a typewriting machine base frame, front and
rear pairs of gears meshing with racks depending from said strips, said pairs
of gears having common spindles, and a worm shaft having worms meshing
with worm gears on said spindles, and provided with a crank arm, substantially
as specified.
16. A typewriting machine support having a base, supporting strips arranged
above the plane of the base at an interval adapted to receive a book, and a platen
spanning the interval between and supported by said strips, to support a super-
posed book leaf, and mounted for swinging movement upon one of the supporting
strips, substantially as specified.
17. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a supporting frame having
elevated carriage guides, a carriage mounted for movement upon said guides, and
a type-bar supporting ring depending from the carriage between the guides, of
a supplemental guide carried by the frame parallel with the path of the carriage
and below the carriage guides, and a sliding connection between the supporting
ring and said supplemental guide, substantially as specified.
18. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a supporting frame, a
carriage mounted upon the supporting frame for movement parallel with the
lines of writing, and a type-bar supporting frame depending from the carriage, of
a guide bar secured to the supporting frame parallel with the path of the carriage
and adjacent to the plane of the supporting ring, and a plurality of slides secured

page_text: to the supporting ring and having an interlocking sliding engagement with said
guide bar to prevent torsional vibration of the supporting ring, or movement
thereof transverse to the lines of writing, substantially as specified.
19. A platen for book typewriting machines, having leaves or members con-
nected for simultaneous movement and arranged in a common plane to respec-
tively support book leaves, and having an intermediate space or passage through
which book leaves may extend to the upper surface of the platen leaves or
members, substantially as specified.
20. A platen for book typewriting machines, consisting of a continuous platen
provided at an intermediate point with a transverse slot for the reception of a
plurality of book leaves for extension in opposite directions, and providing writ-
ing supports on both sides of said slot, substantially as specified.
21. A typewriting machine support having a base, and a book leaf supporting
platen mounted upon the base for pivotal and axial movement, substantially as
specified.
22. A typewriting machine support having a book supporting base, a machine
supporting element arranged above the plane of said base, and a book leaf sup-
porting platen mounted upon said machine supporting element for pivotal and
axial movement, substantially as specified.
23. A typewriting machine support having a book supporting base, a machine
supporting strip arranged above the plane of the base, and a book leaf supporting
platen hinged at one edge upon said strip for pivotal and axial movement, and
extending from said strip to span that portion of the base which is adapted to be
occupied by a book, substantially as specified.
21. A typewriting machine support having a base, a hinge rod parallel with the
lines of writing, and a book leaf supporting platen having hinge eyes mounted
upon said hinge rod for sliding movement, substantially as specified.
25. A typewriting machine support having a base, and a plural leaf platen
mounted upon the base for swinging movement and linear movement parallel
with the lines of writing, substantially as specified.
26. A typewriting machine support having a base, and a plural leaf platen
hingedly mounted upon the base and having its leaves connected for simultaneous
linear movement parallel with the lines of writing, substantially as specified.
27. A typewriting machine having a normally stationary platen, a vertically
adjustable book support, disposed below the plane of the platen and having a
continuous book receiving surface, whereby an open book may be elevated
throughout its extent toward the plane of the platen, and means for securing the
book support at the desired adjustment, substantially as specified.
28. A typewriting machine support having a base, a normally stationary
platen having leaves or members separated at their adjacent edges to form a
book leaf receiving slot, a vertically adjustable book support having a continuous
book receiving surface, whereby an open book may be elevated throughout its
extent toward the plane of the platen, to arrange its opposite sides in contact
with the under surfaces, respectively, of the platen leaves or members, and means
for securing the book support at the desired adjustment, substantially as specified.
29. A typewriting machine support having a base, a platen having separate
platen leaves or members hingedly mounted upon the base to normally occupy
a common plane with their contiguous edges separated, a vertically adjustable
book support arranged below the plane of the platen, and means for securing
the book support at the desired adjustment, substantially as specified.
30. A typewriting machine support having a base, a vertically adjustable book
support, and operating devices for the book support, having gearing including
intermeshing racks and gears connected for simultaneous movement, and a single
operating shaft terminating near one edge of the base and provided with a
manually movable operating device, said shaft having a worm gear connection
with said gearing, whereby the book support is automatically held in any of its
adjusted positions, substantially as specified.

page_text: 31. A type-arm and hanger having bearing members, one of which has an
element interposed between spaced elements of the other, and annular keys having
an interlocked engagement with the adjacent faces of said elements, substan-
tially as specified.
32. A type-arm and hanger having bearing members, one of which has an
element interposed between spaced elements of the other, and duplicate annular
series of anti-friction balls interposed between and seated at their opposite sides
in the adjacent faces of said elements to provide an interlocked engagement with
said faces, substantially as specified.
33. A type-arm and hanger having bearing members, one of which has an
element interposed between spaced elements of the other, an annular series of
anti-friction balls interposed between, and seated in ball races formed in the
facing surfaces of said elements, the diameter of each ball race being greater
than the interval between the planes of the races, substantially as specified.
34. A type-arm and hanger having bearing members, one of which has an
element interposed between spaced elements of the other, and annular keys,
interposed between and having interlocked engagement with the adjacent faces
of said elements, the spaced elements of one of the members being connected by
a band which is slotted for the reception of the element of the other member,
substantially as specified.
35. A type-arm and hanger having bearing members, one of which has a core-
disk and the other a band concentric with the axis of movement of the type-
arm and enclosing the core-disk, and side cheeks carried by said band in planes
parallel with and at opposite sides of the core-disk, said band being slotted in a
plane between said cheeks to receive a stem of the core-disk, and annular keys
interposed between and engaging the adjacent surfaces of said core-disk and
checks, substantially as specified.
36. A type-arm and hanger having bearing members, one of which is provided
with a single element, and the other with parallel spaced elements between which
said single element is interposed, a band encircling and connecting said spaced
elements, and one of them being threaded in the band for axial adjustment,
said band being cut away between the spaced elements to provide for the inser-
tion of the single element, and annular keys interposed between and engaging
the adjacent faces of said spaced and interposed elements, and having an inter-
locked engagement therewith, substantially as specified.
37. A ball-bearing pivotless type-arm for typewriting machines, in which
the ball bearing includes a plurality of annular series of balls, substantially as
specified.
38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pivotless type-arm, a
hanger, and anti-friction balls arranged in a plurality of annular series, in con-
tact with opposing faces of the type-arm and hanger, substantially as specified.
D
1