matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR GINNING AND CLEANING COTTON
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Addison Bulkley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
November 1858.-A communication from Stephen Rollins Parkhurst, of
New York, United States of America.
I, CHARLES ADDISON BULKLEY, of the City, County, and State of New York,
in the United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR GINNING AND CLEANING
COTTON," to be as follows:-
In the substitution of a cylinder covered with teeth, similar to those used on
cylinder cards, in lieu of the ordinary saw-toothed gin or cylinder, and in using
a stripper running in combination with it by means of internal gear and
pinion. The cotton in the ginning and cleansing operation is also submitted
to the action of a brush blower.
By these improvement the cotton is drawn out with less damage to its
fibre than by the usual mode, while the seed is less likely to be broken in the
process, and with the dirt is more thoroughly removed.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN CLOGS, SHOES, OR SUPPORTS FOR THE FEET
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Spence at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents; with his Petition, on the 18th June
1858. A communication.
I, WILLIAM SPENCE, of 50, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN CLOGS, SHOES, OR SUPPORTS FOR THE FEET," (being a com-
munication from abroad), to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the general features of the mode of constructing
such articles herein-after described.
The sole is of thin metal, with a hinge to give it the required flexibility, at
the hinder end of the sole there is a kind of shell of leather or of metal, into
which the heel of the boot or shoe may be fitted, and at the fore part of the
same there is a toe-piece also of leather or of metal. A blade or skate of
metal corresponding with the form of the shoe, and hinged like the sole, is
rivetted or otherwise fastened to the latter. There is an ear or lug on each
side of the sole at the hinder part, in which is inserted a stud for the purpose
of holding each end of a strap of leather, india-rubber, gutta percha, or other
similar material for confining the foot on the sole as required. A small plate
of metal is inserted in the strap, such plate of metal having in it a hole to
receive a connecting button or stud, and the connection between the end of

page_text: the strap and the ear or lug is hidden by means of a covering button, which
may be ornamental. By this mode of connection the strap may by turning
on its clasp be adapted to the height of the instep of the foot. The Invention
is not confined to the materials employed nor to the number of hinges.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADLES EMPLOYED WHEN CASTING METALS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Schmidt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th November
1858.
I, GUSTAVE SCHMIDT, of No. 2, Caroline Street, Bedford Square, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LADLES EMPLOYED WHEN CASTING METALS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ladles employed when
casting metals, and consists in arranging them in the following manner so as
to prevent the scum or slag passing with the metal into the mould when
pouring. Within the ladle I arrange a partition or slide in a vertical or nearly
vertical position, and so as to divide the interior of the ladle into two portions
of unequal size. The slide or partition is made to fit closely against the interior
of the ladle, but leaving a space between its lower edge and the bottom
thereof. When the metal is tapped into the ladle it is allowed to run into the
larger of the two divisions, and in pouring the metal into the moulds from the
ladle it is poured from the smaller of the two divisions. The metal being thus
caused to pass under the partition or slide, the scum or slag is kept back until
all the metal has been poured out. Or, in place of this arrangement, I in some
cases form a hole near the bottom of the ladle, and this hole opens into a
passage or lip rising to the upper edge of the ladle; by this arrangement also

page_text: when the metal is being poured into the mould it is drawn from the lower
part of the ladle, and the scum or slag floating on the surface is kept back.
It is preferred when this construction is adopted to employ two lips or
passages, one on each side of the ladle, so that the metal may be poured from
either side.
AN IMPROVED LOCK BUCKLE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
January 1858. A communication from Laurent Cordier, of Dijon.
-
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Editor of the Mechanics' Magazine, and Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED LOCK BUCKLE," Com-
municated to me by Laurent Cordier, of Dijon, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in forming a lock buckle by hinging to an ordinary
lock bolt a tongue, the lock being attached to the buckle frame, and the front
of the frame having a recess formed therein to receive the end of the tongue.
Supposing the lock buckle fitted to a strap and about to be applied to the
securing of a bag or package, one end of the strap is fixed to one end of the
buckle frame; the free end of the strap is pierced with holes; this end is
brought round the package, introduced under the fore end of the buckle frame;
the hinged tongue is inserted through one of the holes in the strap, is brought
opposite the recess in the frame, when the bolt is shot by the key in the
ordinary manner, and the tongue is secured in the recess.
This lock buckle may be used as a padlock fastening for books and various
other similar purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORDNANCE AND PROJECTILES TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Maudslay at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd December
1858.
I, JOSEPH MAUDSLAY, of Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORDNANCE AND PROJECTILES TO BE USED THEREWITH," to
be as follows:-
These improvements consist in the construction of ordnance and projectiles
in such manner as to combine means of loading at the breech with a rifled
bore and corresponding projectile. The breech chamber, which is to contain
the charge of powder, is to be formed by preference of wrought iron or steel,
while the remainder of the gun is to be formed of cast metal. The shot,
shell, or other projectile is to have formed on it a key or keys, feather or
feathers, for the greater part of its length, and the gun has formed in it a
corresponding groove, into which the key or feather on the projectile takes,
and along which it moves. The thickness of the gun is increased about the
groove in order to provide for the weakening effect which the formation of
the groove would otherwise produce. The shifting breech is to have a lateral
motion imparted to it bodily and sufficient in extent to permit of the projectile
being placed in its proper position in the gun. The breech is then brought
back to its place by any convenient means, and there secured by screw or
otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Tudor Mabley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1858.-A communication.
I, WILLIAM TUDOR MABLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that process termed in the trade dunging, and
which is now conducted by using certain silicates, arseniates, and other
chemical salts. The improvements consist in combining with these chemicals
brewers' wort or other saccharine matter; or an extract of Iceland moss, gum,
or other mucilaginous substance is employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC CABLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Travers Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th October
1858.
I, JOSEPH TRAVERS SMITH, of Grays Inn, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC
CABLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment or application of a corrugated
metallic tube as the conductor for the passage of the electric current; such
corrugation being either in unconnected indentations directly transverse to the
axis of the tube, or in helical convolutions of one or more helices. The
metallic tube, which may be of copper or other suitable metal or alloy is
covered with gutta percha or other suitable insulating material, and may be
shielded with strands of hemp, tarred or otherwise protected from the action
of water or sea water, and (if thought desirable) with lashings of cord or
stitched canvass, after the manner of other telegraph cables. In some cases
it may be found advantageous to inclose a wire or wires within the corrugated
tube.
I thus obtain a cable possessing at once a large amount of pliability with
small risk of kinking, extensibility with small risk of the gutta percha or other
covering of the tube slipping on the surface of such tube on its return to its con-
dition previously to its extension,-power of resistance to external pressure,―
a buoyancy in water that may be varied according to the respective diameter
and thickness of the metallic tube, consequent lightness, and ease in paying

page_text: out from a vessel at sea,-less necessity for size to ensure strength for the
purpose of laying, and absence of risk of the conducting metal forming a
kink and perforating the tube in consequence of any accidental stretching, and
the subsequent return of the cable to or towards its former length and
condition.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN LANTERNS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th December 1858.-A communication.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN LANTERNS," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to obtain by simple and economic means a
combination of reflecting surfaces, with or without a lens, that will project the
rays of light from a lamp into space in a concentrated form and in parallel
lines. The Invention consists mainly in the employment of a peculiar
arrangement of conical and convex reflectors, which form a chamber for the
reception of the lamp, and also effect the object above alluded to.
Mounted in the lantern case is a conical reflector, with its axis set
horizontally. The small end of this cone is closed by a lens or glass, and the
other end by a convex reflector, which is fixed to the lantern door. The lamp
projects up from the lower side of the cone, and (for marine purposes) is sup-
ported in gimbles; and immediately above it is a smoke tube, which passes
upwards through the conical reflector. By the lamp being set so that the
axis of the conical reflector will pass through the flame, the rays of light
reflected by the convex reflector will be distributed over the conical reflecting
surface and thrown back on to the lens, whence they will pass out into space
in parallel concentrated lines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FULLING MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Stephens Marling and
James Apperly at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 9th November 1858.
We, SAMUEL STEPHENS MARLING, of Stanley Park, in the County of Glou-
cester, Esquire, and JAMES APPERLY, of Dudbridge, near Stroud, in the same
County, Woollen Cloth Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FULLING MACHINES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to reduce the friction which is created
between the cloth and the fixed portions of the fulling machine with which it
comes into contact during the traverse of the endless web of cloth through the
machine. To reduce this friction as much as may be, and thereby to render
the machinery more durable, while at the same time the loss of wool conse-
quent on this unnecessary rubbing is avoided, we propose to apply to all
such parts of the machine as are exposed to the rubbing action of the passing
cloth, a surface of glass in the form of rings to line the orifices, and in the
form of plates where flat surfaces are required to be protected.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS POR PROPELLING SHIPS OR OTHER NAVIGABLE VESSELS THROUGH WATER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Taylor and Peter Absalon
Baugh at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 9th September 1858.
We, WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Nursling, in the County of Hants, Gentleman,
and PETER ABSALOM BAUGH, of the same Place, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS POR PROPELLING
SHIPS OR OTHER NAVIGABLE VESSELS THROUGH WATER," to be as follows:-
Firstly, an angular framework, suspended on a shaft or shafts along the
side or stern of the vessel; connected to the framework are two or more
boards or flaps suspended by a hinge or joint A at the centre of the angular
frame, to allow the boards or flaps to open and close by the reciprocating
motion transmitted through beam B, and rods R, B, by which action the
vessel is propelled either ahead or astern.
A, the hinge or joint or centre of propeller, by which the boards or flaps are
suspended; L, the lever by which the slide or coupling is pressed upon the
boards or flaps for the purpose of closing or opening the boards or flaps for
giving the going ahead or going astern motion on the lower edge of the boards
or flaps, and near the outward end are two rollers P, P, for suspending the
outward end of the boards or flaps; E, E, the framework for carrying the
propeller; S, a section of boards or flaps; C, sectional elevation of propeller;
D, plan of the propeller.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FELLING TREES
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pym at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd June 1858.
I, JOHN PYм, of Trinity Square, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR FELLING TREES," to be as follows: —
Instead of using the axe or cross-cut saw in the ordinary way, I bore with
augers mounted on a frame and made to work by toothed gear one or more
holes in a line through the butt or lower part of a tree, and with a saw or
saws mounted and worked in a frame, I saw the tree nearly in two, leaving
as much wood uncut on each side of the tree as will prevent its settling down
and pinching the saws; I then withdraw the saws, and cut with an axe or
other instrument one or both sides of the tree until it falls. The augers and
saws are each placed in a frame attached to a carriage, with gearing to work
the augers and saws, which gearing I set in motion by manual or other power.
Drills may be used in the place of augers, but I prefer the latter.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING THE VALVES AND PISTONS OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Travis, Thomas Sugden, and
Frederick Sugden at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 13th July 1858.
We, JOHN TRAVIS, Gentleman, THOMAS SUGDEN, and FREDERICK SUGDEN,
Machinists, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING THE
VALVES AND PISTONS OF STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
We use a vessel for holding a reserve of oil, tallow, or other unctious sub-
To this vessel we connect, on the lower side, a valve or tap, which is
made to slide or rotate or reciprocate by a connection with any convenient
moving part of the engine, by the working of which said valve or tap the oil,
&c., is allowed in small quantities, at given intervals, to pass from the vessel,
the valve or tap receiving the same and afterwards delivering it into the
discharge or outlet pipe below. We connect the discharge or outlet pipe to
the conduit pipe, whereby the steam is conveyed from the boiler to the engine
or to the steam passage of the valve box or boxes in such a manner that the
oil, &c., is partially vaporized or separated into particles mingling with the
current of steam, and is thereby carried along and deposited upon the valve
facings and interior surface of the cylinder, thus employing the steam solely
as the conductive medium of the lubricating matter to the friction surfaces of
the valves and pistons as it is delivered by the self-acting supply apparatus.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th September 1858.-A communication.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FIRE-ARMS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to an improvement by which pistols, and especially
revolvers, may be made efficient substitutes for the carbine without detracting
from their special and peculiar qualities.
gun
To this end a gunstock is provided, fitted at its forward end with a metal
socket, suitable for receiving the stock of the pistol. From each side of the
frame of the pistol projects a metal stud, for the purpose of bearing respec-
tively against a shoulder on the edge of the metal socket. The pistol stock is
held firmly in the socket by means of a clamp, which passes through the
stock, and catches into a notch formed in the rear end of the strap of the
pistol. A milled nut fitted on the upper end of the clamp (which is threaded
to receive it) will cause the clamp to bind tightly against the pistol, and thus
hold it firmly in place. By this addition to the pistol the soldier may use the
arm with convenience as a carbine, and when not required for such use the
pistol may be removed and placed in the holster, the loose butt being allowed
to swing from a strap with which the soldier is furnished for the purpose.

page_text: An obvious advantage of this fitting is that, when in an action all the
charges of a repeating arm have been fired, the discharged pistol may be
instantly exchanged for the other of the pair of pistols which the soldier
usually carries in his holsters.
THE APPLICATION OF MANUFACTURED INDIA-RUBBER (AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR WHALEBONE, STEEL RIBS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES) TO VARIOUS PARTS OF LADIES' DRESS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Haines at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th April
1858.
I, FREDERICK HAINES, Patent Agent, of Lime St., City, London, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "THE APPLICATION OF MANUFACTURED INDIA-RUBBER (AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR
WHALEBONE, STEEL RIBS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES) TO VARIOUS PARTS OF LADIES'
DRESS," to be as follows:-
For the purposes above mentioned I use manufactured india-rubber of any
necessary consistency, thickness, and elasticity, for every purpose for which
whalebone, steel, and other like articles are used in connection with ladies'
dress, viz.-bonnets, bonnet shapes, stiffeners, stays, corsets, hoops for skirts,
bodies of ladies' dresses, dress improvers, crinoline, and other like articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Robertson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
December 1858.-A commnnication.
I, PATRICK ROBERTSON, of Sun Court, Cornhill, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in manufacturing shuttles by combining with wood,
bone, ivory, or metal, the hard material formed from india-rubber, or gutta
percha and sulphur; and also in manufacturing shuttles entirely of such hard
material. For this purpose a core of wood or other material of suitable form
is coated with a composition of india-rubber or gutta percha and sulphur, to
which in some cases other substances are added; and afterwards the whole is
heated, so as to convert the coating of composition into the hard material.
The shuttle thus produced is fitted with a skewer and tips of metal, as usual.
To form a shuttle entirely of the hard material the composition is moulded to
the required form and heated so as to convert the composition into the hard
material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th September
1858. A communication from Professor Frédéric Kuhlmann, of Lille,
in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer & Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING," to be as
follows:-
The present Invention applies in particular to the manufacture, & sale as a
commercial product, to be directly employed in dyeing & impressing or
printing, of the tartrates, citrates, oxalates, & chromates of baryta, & the
ferrocyanide of barium, by liberating their acid by means of the addition of a
quantity of hydrochloric or sulphuric acids sufficient to saturate the baryta.
The hydrochloric & sulphuric acids diluted are first mixed with the salts of
baryta in question to produce decomposition, & the whole mixture may then
be placed in the bath of dye, or may be used for impressing or printing. In
all cases, if sulphuric acid is used, the sulphate may be separated by filtering
or precipitation.
The salts of baryta above mentioned are prepared either by decomposing
(by means of chloride of barium preferably, or by sulphuret of barium,) the
corresponding salts of potash now in use. As the salts of baryta thus obtained
are insoluble, or nearly so, & as the potash in a state of sulphuret or chloride

page_text: is soluble, the separation of the two salts allows of profit being derived from
the potash in a state of chloride or sulphuret of potassium; there thus results
an economy in the potash employed, & the substitution of baryta for that
alkali, of which the price is higher. On the other hand, by replacing bitartrate
of potash, used in dyeing operations, by neutral tartrate of baryta mixed with
acid, an equivalent of tartaric acid is economized.
Lastly, experience having proved that bitartrate of potash may be replaced
by an equivalent of free tartaric acid, I double the efficacy of the bitartrate
of potash by adding to this salt an equivalent of hydrochloric acid at the
time of dyeing, which affords two equivalents of tartaric acid & one equivalent
of chloride of potassium, which may be used as substitutes in dyeing for two
equivalents of bitartrate of potash.
The substitution of ferrocyanide of barium mixed with sulphuric acid for
the ferrocyanide of potassium, is especially useful for impressing or printing,
in which much tartaric acid or oxalic acid is at present used to decompose the
salts of potash.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Reed at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th March
1858.
I, WILLIAM REED, of 58, Westgate Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT
WAY OF RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the permanent way of
railways, and consists of an improved means of connecting together the ends
of the rails, and also of holding them in joint chairs. For these purposes.
fish plates are employed, which are formed to fit the section of and pass under
the rails, the fish plates and rails being supported by a joint chair. The fish
plates and rails are held in a joint chair by means of bolts passing through
the rails, the fish plates, and one jaw of the chair, and also by a wooden wedge
driven between the fish plate and the other jaw of the chair. The rails are
also fixed to the fish plates by means of bolts exterior of the joint chair passing
through the rails and the fish plates. The bolts are retained by screw nuts.
MEANS FOR PREVENTING DUST ON RAILROADS
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Vittorio Merighi at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th Juno
1858.
I, VITTORIO MERIGHI, of Paris (France), Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "MEANS FOR PREVENTING DUST ON RAILROADS,"
to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in providing, in case of great drought, each train, or
a suitable number of them, with a special water provision, which, by suitable
mechanical arrangements is to be distributed over the track, so as to keep the
earth of the line sufficiently moistened for preventing dust. For this purpose
the capacity of the water reservoir of the tender may be sufficiently increased,
or a special tender for carrying the water may be made use of; and in order
further to make the water subservient for cooling the air, suitable frames or
other arrangements, provided with linen, wire cloth, felt, or other pervious
open materials, may be applied in suitable positions to the train, so as to allow
the water to run down along, and the air of passing through them, thereby
causing an evaporation of the water and a consequent cooling of the air. If
necessary, the water may be lifted at the required height by a small forco
pump, and, if required, carried by means of a hose or other suitable pipes to
any part of the train, and there caused to run down along the said pervious

page_text: bodies and spread over the line; suitable water reservoirs are to be situated
along the line for providing the trains with the required quantities of water.
Instead of making use of water only, the same may have mixed with it a
suitable quantity of chloride of calcium, or any salt having a great attraction
for water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Parker at the Offico of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th September
1858.
I, JOHN PARKER, of Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in the application of a supplementary boiler, sup-
ported within the flue or flues of a Cornish or other boiler having suitablo flues,
and connected to the main boiler through one or more passages; the feed
water may pass through this supplementary boiler, or the supplementary boiler
may form part of the main boiler, and it may be made with an internal flue;
in some cases two or more tubes in communication with each other may be
suspended in the main and side flue or flues, and connected to the interior of
the boiler through one or more passages.
Another part of my Invention consists in applying tubes within the flue,
which tubes are connected to the ends of the boiler so as to allow them to
expand or contract; the object of these tubes and supplementary boilers is to
economise fuel.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR SEPARATING THE VINOUS AND AMYLACEOUS PRINCIPLES FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: his
vention
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Baptiste Biebuyck and
Joseph Van Landuyt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 9th April 1858.
We, JEAN BAPTISTE BIEBUYCK and JOSEPH VAN LANDUYT, both of Brussels,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR SEPARATING THE VINOUS AND
AMYLACEOUS PRINCIPLES FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of starch by the process of vinous
fermentation and the conversion of the vinous residue into alcohol and beer.
In order to effect this end we prepare a paste by working up finely ground
flour, and this we leave to ferment under the ordinary atmospheric tempera-
ture. When the fermentation has sufficiently advanced we add water, stirring
it up well from time to time, after which we allow the mixture to settle; we
next draw off the liquid from the solid matters which have deposited and
submit the same to distillation to drive off the more volatile portion of the
spirit contained in the liquid; the remainder we then apply to the manufacture
of beer. By this process we thus obtain not merely alcohol of a very superior
quality and starch, but also (by the addition of hops) a good strong beer, and
there further results a glutinous syrup and grains suitable for feeding cattle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Norman and Robert Hannah
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 10th November 1858.
We, JOHN NORMAN, Engineer, and ROBERT HANNAH, Potter, both of Glasgow,'
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES," to be as follows, that is
to say:
This Invention relates to improvements in steam boiler and other furnaces,'
and has for object the prevention of smoke and the economy of fuel. In
a furnace embodying modifications of the said improvements, the bridge at
the inner or back end of the ordinary grate bars is formed with passages,
divided by vertically disposed "quarries" or slabs of fire-brick, which are
fronted with cast-iron bars forming a grate surface, by preference inclined
up and back from the ordinary grate bars. An air passage or passages
admitting air from the ash-pit communicates with the passages formed through
the bridge, and it is intended that the air entering from below shall mingle in
these passages with the gases or aerial matters entering them from above the
ordinary fire-bars. The gases or aerial matters on issuing from behind the
bridge will mingle to a greater or less extent with the gases or acrial matters
passing over the bridge, and will impinge against a second bridge formed with
passages, which are inclined in plan in various directions to induce a thorough
mixing of the gases or aerial matters. This mixing is also further promoted
by a third bridge placed immediately behind the second, and formed, by

page_text: preference, with its top edge slightly projecting forward, but without passages
through it. The details of these improvements may be modified in various
ways.
The front of the first bridge may be made vertical, but it is preferred
to incline it. The cast-iron bars upon the face of the first bridge may in
some cases be dispensed with, as may also the third, or third and second
bridges, whilst the position of what has been described as the first bridge may
be modified, that is to say, the passages or spaces for the mixing of the air
with a portion of the gases or aerial matters from above the ordinary fire-bars
may be formed or arranged in various parts of the furnace or of the flame
bed. The passage or passages for supplying air into the bridge may be
arranged in various ways, but it is preferred to have a passage communicating
directly with the ash-pit and inclined downwards, so that the ashes falling into
it may descend into the ash-pit. The air supply may be adjusted by means of
a door or valve at the mouth or other part of the air passage or passages.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTAL OR COLOUR PRINTING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Muir and Francis Muir
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 6th December 1858.
We, JAMES MUIR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Pattern Designer, and FRANCIS MUIR, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew,
North Britain, Pattern Printer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTAL OR COLOUR PRINTING," to be
as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to a system of multi-colour printing, whereby very
superior effects are obtainable with a comparitively few number of printing
impressions. According to this process or system, supposing there to be five
colours in the design, the first two are or may be printed or laid on the fabric
or surface to be printed by corresponding blocks in the usual way. The other
three colours are put on from a single sieve or colour box, that is to say, from
a sieve on which the three several colours to be printed are laid in stripes at
predetermined positions. In this way, as the block is laid upon the sieve it
takes up the three colours on the predetermined portions of the figure, and
when applied to the cloth or surface to be printed, it deposits its three several
colours so as to form actual integral or detail portions of the pattern. This
system of printing whilst it economises the process, also provides for a "rain-
bowing" effect to a certain extent, and it enriches the pattern correspondingly.
Of course the sequence of actions may be modified in practice in various ways.
The different colours may be conveniently applied to the sieve or colour box

page_text: by means of a cellular feeder, which is a rectangular chamber formed into a
series of colour cells open at the top. The bottom of this cellular feeder is
fitted with two parallel loose running rollers, to which the several colours find
access to these rollers through suitable conducting holes, so as to render the
rollers instrumental in delivering the colours to the sieve or colour box. For
"rainbowing" the rollers are themselves covered with sieve cloth, so that they
are thus enabled to distribute the colours upon the sieve surface with a due
"rainbowing" or blending effect. When not used for "rainbowing," the
rollers are grooved or cut into annularly at each part which receives colour,
and thus the colours are distributed evenly and sharply for the purposes
herein-before described. This system of multi-colour printing may be carried
out without the use of single-colour printing at all, the different colours being
laid on by means of one or more multi-colour blocks or surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR CARTS OR VEHICLES TO RUN ON COMMON ROADS
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Capstick at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th June 1858.
I, WILLIAM CAPSTICK, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Wheel-
wright, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WHEELS FOR CARTS OR VEHICLES TO RUN ON COMMON ROADS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention of improvements in wheels for carts or vehicles to run
on common roads, relates to a novel mode of constructing cast or wrought-
iron naves, and combining them with wrought-iron spokes and wrought-iron-
rims or treads. The naves being fitted with a bush of cast or wrought iron,
brass, or other metal, which when placed in the nave is secured therein
by keys or wedges, so as to admit of its being taken out and replaced by a
new one in case of breakage or injury. Instead of an ordinary linch pin to
retain the wheel on the axle, a round head or cap piece is placed on the end
of the axle, and prevented from turning round thereon by means of a feather or
cross bar on the inner side of the cap piece, which is fitted in a groove or
transverse slit cut out of the end of the axle, on which it is secured by means
of a stud screw which passes through the cap piece, and enters the end of the
axle. Sometimes instead of making the wheel wholly of metal, I make the
nave of metal in the manner just described, and I adapt thereto wooden
spokes and felloes.

page_text: By means of my improvements, I am enabled to construct wheels of equal
or greater strength than those now used, and occupying considerably less
space in width.
The body of the cart may therefore either be increased in dimensions and
capacity, or the width over all may be reduced, so that the cart or vehicle will
occupy less space in the street or road. The wheels will also be more durable
and less liable to be damaged by accident than wheels of the ordinary con-
struction.
Another advantage is, that the bush when worn or broken can be removed,
and a new one substituted at a small cost.
In making
a wheel composed entirely of wrought iron, the spokes are welded
on to the naves of the wheel, and the rim or tread is then in sections welded
on to the spokes, afterwards the sections of the rim or
together, and the wheel is complete for tiring or hooping.
tread are welded
In constructing wheels of wrought and cast iron combined, the spokes and
rim being wrought iron, and the nave of cast iron, the rim and spokes are
welded together, and the nave is cast on afterwards, then the wheel is tired or
hooped, and a loose bush, of any size required, is fitted into the nave, and
secured therein in the manner already described.
The wheel may be held on to the axle by means of the ordinary linch pin,
or by means of a cap piece and stud bolt, as above mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEIGHING CRANES
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Moss at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd February 1858.
I, EDMUND Moss, of the City of Manchester, Machinist, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEIGHING CRANES" to
be as follows:-
My Invention consists in causing the cord or chain of the crane to which
the article to be weighed is suspended to pass over pulleys supported by a
table or frame, beneath which is a system of levers furnished with centres, as
in weighing machines of the ordinary construction. When the crane is used
for raising or lowering, the table or frame above referred to bears on the
beam of the crane, but when it is desired to ascertain the weight suspended to
the cord or chain of the crane the table or frame is raised by the levers
beneath it, and the weight of the article is then ascertained by the usual sliding
weight and steelyard. The barrel of the chain or cord may be connected to
the frame or table above referred to, or the barrel may be connected to the
pillar of the crane in the usual manner, and the chain or cord taken over the
pulleys on the frame or table.
The novelty of this Invention consists in the application of the ordinary
system of levers employed in table weighing machines to weighing cranes,
whether the same be stationary or travelling.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING SOFT METAL PIPES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Greene and Matthew
Charles Greene at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th February 1858.
I, WILLIAM GREENE, of 21, Merlin Place, Clerkenwell, in the County of
Middlesex, House Decorator, and I, MATTHEW CHARLES GREENE, of 19, Hatton
Garden, in the same County, Wholesale Optician, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING SOFT METAL PIPES,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention of improvements in joining soft metal pipes relates to joining
or coupling two parts of pipe together, and may be used either in joining two
parts of pipe together, instead of soldering, or in lieu of the ordinary screw
coupling used for such pipes.
Our improvements relate only to lead pipes, and to the tin or soft metal
pipes used for gas, which we join in the following manner :-We throw out a
flange on each of the ends of pipe to be joined, that is to say, the flanges are
hammered or pressed out, or otherwise formed from the solid metal of the
pipes. The two flanges thus formed are brought together, and a part of a
screw coupling placed on each (the one male and the other female); the
female receives the two flanges and screws on to the male, thereby binding the

page_text: two flanges, and joining the two parts of pipe firmly together. The two
screwed parts are both placed loose on the pipes, and are both furnished with
suitable parts for the application of wrenches; or other means of gripping
them may be provided.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BEARINGS AND PACKINGS FOR ROTATING AND RECIPROCATING SHAFTS, THE JOINTS OF PIPES, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: ms invention received Irovisiona
Irotection, out notic
proceed
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Felix Henri Droinet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
August 1858.
I, LOUIS FELIX HENRI DROINET, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
5 Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BEARINGS AND PACKINGS FOR ROTATING AND RECIPROCATING SHAFTS,
THE JOINTS OF PIPES, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:--
These bearings and packings are composed of three or more segmental blocks,
which when brought together form a circular hole on the inside for the recep-
otion of the shaft or pipe. Each segment is pressed inwards by a spring or
springs. Two or more rows of these segments may be used, one over the
other, and the segments in one row should be arranged so as to break joint
with those in the other row or rows.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CIGAR HOLDERS, OR MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS, AND IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
September 1858.-A communication from James W. Evans, of New
York, in the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIGAR HOLDERS, OR MOUTHPIECES
FOR CIGARS, AND IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO," to be as follows:-
The nature of this Invention and improvements consists in placing a
chamber or bulb of suitable size and form in the cigar holder or mouthpiece
at a suitable position between the cigar end of the cigar holder or the bowl of
the pipe and the mouthpiece, and fitting into the bulb or chamber a piece of
sponge or cloth, or other porous substance, that will absorb and hold water, so
that the sponge or other substance will pretty accurately fit and fill the
chamber or bulb, allowing the smoke to pass through the sponge or other
filling of the bulb, and arresting and absorbing the empyreumatic oil arising
from the burning tobacco, and at the same time cooling the smoke as it
passes through, and in addition, in placing a diaphragm filter across the bulb.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLANING, SLOTTING, AND SHAPING METALS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Shanks at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th July
1858.
I, ANDREW SHANKS, Engineer, No. 6, Robert Street, Adelphi, West-
minster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLANING, SLOTTING, AND SHAPING METALS," to be as
follows:-
I give motion to the cutting tools by hydraulic appliances in lieu of toothed
IMPROVEMENTS IN TABLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Green at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd December
1858.
I, EDWARD GREEN, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TABLES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in forming tables with a central revolving disc,
which is fixed within or placed upon the centre of a table, as may be desired;
or in constructing tables with two or more discs, each having a separate
motion, to enable them to move in the same or in a reverse direction, as may
be required.
My Invention also consists in fitting suitable gear to the tables in such
manner that the discs, or one or more of them, may be rotated by turning a
handle or treadle conveniently placed for the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIGURED FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Maximilien Van Peteghem at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th October 1858.-A communication from Edward Van Peteghem, of
Belgium.
I, MAXIMILIEN VAN PETEGHEM, of Ghent, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Organ Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIGURED FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of the parts of looms for
weaving figured fabrics, whereby the operation of "reading off" the pattern to
be woven may be effected automatically in the loom itself during the process
of weaving instead of being performed in a separate machine, as is now the
For this purpose the pattern to be woven is painted or printed upon a
sheet of wire gauze or perforated metal, with some substance of sufficient
consistency to resist the push of a set of needles with which its meshes are
successively brought into contact as it is caused to travel onwards. These
needles are made to act upon a set of rocking levers, whose other extremities
are connected with the warps. It will therefore be understood that as the
needles are presented to the wire gauze, those needles which do not come into
contact with the pattern will pass through the meshes and remain inoperative,
whilst those needles which do come into contact with the pattern will be
thereby prevented from passing through the meshes, and will, by acting on
their respective rocking levers, act upon and raise those warps required to
form the pattern, as will be easily understood.