IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF METALLIC PENS."
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Wiley, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Gold Pen Manufacturer, and Edward Lavender, of
Birmingham aforesaid, Gold Pen Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF METALLIC PENS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Wiley
and Edward Lavender, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 31st May 1854.
We, WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Gold Pen Manufacturer, and EDWARD LAVENDER, of Birmingham aforesaid,
Gold Pen Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF METALLIC PENS
to be as follows:-
"
Our said Invention relates to such pens as are usually made of gold and
silver, and tipped with iridium osmium alloy, and consists in methods of con-
necting the gold with the silver part of the same. We take a piece of silver
or other metal or alloy of the form of a, Figure 1, and a piece of gold, platinum,
or other suitable metal of the form of b, the said piece of gold having the tip
attached thereto. The two pieces are connected together by soldering, as
represented in Figure 2, and the piece, Figure 2, is rolled into the shape,
Figure 3, and afterwards by slitting and bending made into a pen. When
the gold is only required on the back of the pen, we take a strip of sheet
silver, and affix a narrow strip of gold thereto, and in the middle thereof, by

page_text: the process called sweating or otherwise, we then roll the said compound
strip to the proper breadth and thickness, as represented in Figure 4, where c
represents the sheet of silver, and d the strip of gold, and we cut the blanks
in the manner indicated in the Drawing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed 5
by the said William Edward Wiley and Edward Lavender in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 29th November 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
EDWARD WILEY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gold Pen
Manufacturer, and EDWARD LAVENDER, of Birmingham aforesaid, Gold Pen
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Edward Wiley and Edward Lavender, Her special licence that
we, the said William Edward Wiley and Edward Lavender, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Edward
Wiley and Edward Lavender, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF METALLIC PENS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Edward Wiley
and Edward Lavender, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Edward Wiley and Edward
Lavender, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say -

page_text: Our said Invention relates to such pens as are usually made of gold and
silver, and tipped with iridium osmium alloy, and consists of methods herein-
after explained, of connecting the gold with the silver part of the said pens.
In carrying our Invention into effect we proceed as follows:-We take a
5 piece of silver or other metal or alloy of the form of a, Figure 1, and a
piece of gold, platinum, or other suitable metal or alloy of the form of b,
Figure 1, the said piece 6 having the tip of iridium osmium attached thereto.
The two pieces a, b, are connected together by soldering, as represented in
Figure 2; the said piece, Figure 2, is then rolled out into the shape Figure 3,
o and afterwards, by slitting, bending, and the ordinary finishing processes, made
into a pen. We sometimes modify that part of our Invention last described
in the following manner; that is to say, we take a piece of silver of the form
represented by c, d, Figure 4, that portion marked d being indented or made
thinner by pressure, so that a plate of gold with its iridium osmium tip being
laid thereon and soldered thereto, shall give to the said part d a thickness
equal to or about equal to the thickness of the part c; this will be understood
by reference to Figure 5, which represents a vertical section taken through
Figure 4. The plate of silver is indicated in the said Figure 5 by the
letters c, d, and the plate of gold by the letter e; the difference in thickness
between the parts c, d, of the plate of silver is distinctly seen in the said
Figure 5. A compound plate, Figure 5, is by rolling brought in the shape of
Figure 6, and finished in the ordinary way. Instead of soldering that portion
of each pen which is made of gold to that portion which is made of silver,
by the methods herein-before described, we sometimes cut pieces of the
form of Figures 3 and 6, out of a compound plate of metal made of silver
and gold, the said compound plate being manufactured in the following
manner: We take a bar of silver, of any convenient length, and having the
sectional figure represented at f, in Figure 7; we insert into the said bar f
a bar of gold g, and by the process of sweating or otherwise, join or solder the
two bars f, g, together; we then roll the said compound bar f, g, into a sheet
of the width or about the width represented in Figure 8, which said sheet
will have the proper thickness for manufacturing pens therefrom; or we roll
the said compound bar f, g, until it has about double the thickness it is
intended the finished pens shall have, and we then cut out the blanks from
the same; after which we attach the tips to the ends of the said blanks, and
then complete the rolling of the said blanks. That portion of the sheet,
Figure 8, included between the lines h, i, and k, l, is of silver only, while that
portion of the sheet included between the lines i, k, is coated or plated with
gold. The said sheet, Figure 8, is cut up into blanks for pens in the manner

page_text: facture of Metallic Pens.
dotted lines in the said Figure 8. Although we have described
our Invention with reference to such metals, namely, gold and silver, as are
usually employed in the manufacture of pens tipped with iridium osmium
alloy, yet our Invention may be carried into effect in connection with any
other metals which are or may be similarly employed in the manufacture of
the said pens.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the precise methods herein described, as the same may be
varied without departing from the nature of our said Invention; but we
claim as our Invention the methods herein described and represented in the
accompanying Drawing, of manufacturing such metallic pens as are usually
made of gold and silver, and tipped with iridium osmium alloy, whether the
said pens be made of gold and silver, or of such other combinations of metals
and metallic alloys as are or may be applicable to the manufacture of the
said pens.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Edward Wiley and Edward
Lavender, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-eighth
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four.
EDWARD WILEY. (L.S.)