matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED METALLIC SHEATHING FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING AND CORROSION OF IRON SHIPS OR VESSELS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hudson, William
Walker, and James Robson at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 7th August 1872.
We, THOMAS HUDSON, WILLIAM WALKER, and JAMES ROBSON, of
North Shields, in the County of Northumberland, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED METALLIC SHEATHING FOR
PREVENTING THE FOULING AND CORROSION OF IRON SHIPS OR VESSELS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to a combination of lead and zinc in
suitable proportions for the formation of sheets or plates for sheathing
the skins and frames or other parts of iron ships or vessels.
As an example we name the following proportions without in any
way restricting ourselves thereto,-
100 parts of lead,
0
20
"3 "
zinc,
mall antile of can be added wha

page_text: The second part of the Invention relates to the combination of tin
and zinc as an alloy for the same purpose, the proportions being variable
as before, we take say,—
100 parts of tin,
20
❞ 33
zinc,
to which a little mercury can be added if desired.
By the admixture of the mercury the alloys above mentioned are
made more homogeneous and more destructive to animal life, thereby
rendering the sheets of great value when used for sheathing the outside
of vessels' hulls or other parts exposed to the action of sea wator, the ]
zine making the sheathing moro sacrificial and clectro-positive to iron
in sea water than lead or tin alone, thereby clectro preserving externally
and internally the bottoms of ships.
The improved sheathing may be attached to iron ship's bottoms by
cementing it on, or by attaching to the ship wood sheathing, and then 1
securing the improved sheathing to the wood. Or the new sheathing
can be fixed upon the ship by strips of iron attached to the ship's plates,
the strips being previously encased in in the alloy.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BATCHING JUTE
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick William Lawson, Mechanical En-
gineer, of Leeds, in the County of York, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BATCHING JUTE."-A communication from abroad
by Antone Girardoni, of Simmering, Vienna, Austria.
Sealed the 6th August 1872, and dated the 28th February 1872.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick William Lawson, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in batching jute.
There are two modes commonly adopted in the trade for batching jute,
in both of which the same ingredients are used, but they are applied in 5
different ways.
The first mode is as follows:-The stricks of jute are laid in rows in
stalls, or boxes, or otherwise, and three, four, or five cans of water are
distributed over them and one of oil. Various kinds of oil are used.
In the second mode the water and oil are put seperately into vessels 1
over a softening machine, and as the jute passes through the water and
oil is distributed on it by various mechanical means.
According to this Invention I employ in batching jute water and oil
in a thoroughly blended or mixed state. A small quantity of alkali is
added to the water to enable it to mix with the oil. The batching of 1
jute is in this way more evenly done, and the quantity of oil employed
may be reduced by one half, and also when the jute is batched by hand
there is a saving in time and labor.
By preference in my Invention I take the following proportions:-
Ten ounces of water, one ounce of oil, and five to twenty drops of 2
caustic soda (according to the nature of the water and the oil used), or in
other words I apply so much caustic soda as will cause the oil and water
to blend. These may be put into any kind of vessel and stirred about
by hand or by mechanical means, and then applied to the jute in any of
the common ways now adopted.
What I claim is, batching jute with a mixture of oil and water blended
by means of alkali, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Lawson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this 27th day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
AN IMPROVED CUTTING INSTRUMENT PARTICULARLY INTENDED FOR OPENING TINS OF PRESERVED FOOD
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Lund at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st May
1872.
I, CHARLES LUND, of Fleet Street, in the City of London, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED CUTTING INSTRUMENT PARTICULARLY INTENDED FOR OPENING TINS OF
PRESERVED FOOD," to be as follows:-
My improved cutting instrument is so constructed that the act of
cutting is effected by the simple pressing towards each other with the
hand of two levers or arms, which on the pressure being removed are
again forced apart by means of a spring. Thus by a succession of these
cutting movements and by the gradual advance and guiding of the
instrument tins of preserved food can be opened expeditiously, and with-
out risk of injuring the hand by the slipping of the instrument.
The instrument is constructed as follows:-The two levers or arms
before mentioned are shaped at one end somewhat like the levers of the
well-known lever corkscrews, so as to be conveniently grasped bythe
hand, and a spring is fitted between them to keep them apart. At about

page_text: an inch and a half, more or less, from their opposite ends the levers are
jointed together, and the upper one, which at this end is formed into a
knife or cutter, passes through and works in a slot or opening in the
lower one.
The action is as follows:-A hole having been made by the point of 1
the cutter, or otherwise, in the tin to be opened the cutter is inserted
therein; the opposite ends of the levers are then pressed together, so
that the cutter being forcibly withdrawn into the slot of the lower
lever cuts the portion of the tin which was between the two. When
the pressure of the hand is removed the spring causes the cutting 1
end to open again, and the instrument is then moved forward ready
to cut the next following portion of the tin, and so on. The lower
side of the lower lever is curved so as to give it a suitable bearing upon
the surface to be cut, and its upper side has a lump to prevent the two
levers being brought too closely together. When not in use the levers 1
may be kept closed by a loop or cap slipped over them.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND DRESSING YARN
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest Grether at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
November 1872.
I, ERNEST GRETHER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND DRESSING YARN," to
be as follows:-
:—
"
ΟΙ
<<
My Invention relates to the machines used for sizing and dressing
yarn commonly called "tape legs slashers," and in which one or
more cylinders heated with steam are used for the purpose of drying
the yarn after it has been sized and previous to its being wound upon
the weavers' beam. The yarn issuing from the size trough is taken
into a closed chamber containing a drying cylinder or cylinders, the
yarn is carried around guide pulleys and passes around the drying
cylinder or cylinders in one or more layers, in close proximity to but
without allowing it to come into contact with the heated surface of
the said cylinder or cylinders. The air for carrying off the moisture
evaporated by the sized yarn in drying is supplied to the closed chamber
from below or at the sides, and escapes into a flue or chimney after

page_text: passing through the yarn. When cavity cylinders are used for drying
the yarn I make use of the interior heating surface of the said cavity
cylinders for the purpose of warming or drying the air previous to
circulating it amongst the layers of yarn. And in order to produce
a greater circulation of air in the said closed chamber I apply an 5
exhausting fan or other machine for drawing the air into and through
the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John George Cameron, and
Benjamin Turner Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 23rd October 1872.
We, JOHN GEORGE CAMERON, Engineer, and BENJAMIN TURNER
SMITH, Plumber, both of the Town and County of Kingston-upon-Hull,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WATERCLOSETS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates principally to the constructing of a watercloset
with a simple form of main discharge valve, which has an action
hitherto only imperfectly attained by means of two separate valves, and
which thus renders the closet very suitable for ships or for any situation
where it may be desirable to avoid having at any time an opening
completely through the discharge passage.
The Improved valve is in the form of a hollow cylindrical drum,
placed with its axis horizontal in a cylindrical casing attached to the
bottom of the closet basin, and having the discharge pipe attached to
its bottom. A single opening is made in the circumferential part of
the valve drum, and when this opening is turned upwards the contents

page_text: of the basin descend into the drum, whilst on the drum being turned
through half a circle the opening will become undermost, and the
contents of the drum will pass into the discharge passage below. The
valve is turned by means of a horizontal spindle passing through a
stuffing box in the casing, but the spindle is or may be loosely con-
nected to the valve, and the valve is or may be in consequence free to
adapt itself to cither the bottom or top of the casing. Thus if the action
of the sea produces an upward pressure in the discharge pipe, the drum
will be borne or floated up against the top of the casing, fitting the
tighter the greater the pressure happens to be. The spindle may have
a lever fixed on it to be actuated in the usual way by an ordinary closet
handle, or it may have a pinion on it with a rack in gear therewith, and
connected to the seat, a counterweighted lever being at the same time
connected to the seat to tend to keep it raised. Then when the closet
is used the consequent depression of the scat will cause the turning of
the valve with its opening upwards, and its position will be afterwards
reversed by the action of the counterweighted lever. Or any other
suitable means may be used instead of the lever, such as a direct weight
or a spring. The water supply mechanism may be arranged in any
suitable known way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REVERBERATORY AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Paris at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th April
1872.
I, JAMES PARIS, of the West Marsh Iron Company's Works, Middles-
brough, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REVERBERATORY AND OTHER FURNACES," to
be as follows :—
This Invention relates to certain improved arrangements in connection
with the fuel grate, and of especial advantage for reverberatory furnaces,
although also applicable to other furnaces.
One improvement consists in making the fire-bars of a triangular
section and hollow, the ends being round so as to rest and be capable of
turning in round seats formed for them in the bearers. With such bars,
the fire can be at any time easily cleaned, and clinkers can be got rid of
by making the bars revolve. For turning them a key is provided to
ship into the end of one bar, and having formed or fixed on it a pinion
to gear with a pinion to be slipped into the end of the next bar, so that
on turning the key two adjacent bars will be made to revolve in opposite

page_text: directions and will carry ashes or clinkers down between them into the
ash-pit. The bars may however be turned when necessary by any
convenient means.
A second improvement consists in making a passage up through the
bridge or wall at the inner end of the grate, and another at the front end
of the grate, the latter opening into the space above the grate at the
top. The front and sides of the ash-pit are enclosed, as is also the space
beneath the reverberatory chamber, so that the air for the fire must
enter at the further end, beneath the chimney, pass under the rever-
beratory chamber, and into the ash-pit, finally reaching the fire by the
passages described as formed at the inner and front ends of the grate,
so that it is considerably heated; dampers or valves are fitted in the
passages for regulating the quantity passing through each.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SIZING OR FILLING OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Chambers and Matthew
Chambers, junior, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 10th December 1872.
We, MATTHEW CHAMBERS, of Whitefield, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, and MATTHEW CHAMBERS, junior, of the same Place,
Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SIZING OR FILLING OF WOVEN
FABRICS," to be as follows:—
Our Invention relates to apparatus adapted to be employed in the
sizing or "filling" of cotton goods, but may also be applicable in the
case of apparatus employed in the treatment of linen or other woven
fabrics.
In such apparatus constructed in manner according with our said
Invention, the fabric to be sized or "filled" is led on to and passes
partly around a roller which is partly immersed in the size or filling
composition. The said fabric receives a coating of size on one side, the
excess of size being removed by means of "doctor" before the fabric
leaves the said roller.
a

page_text: In order to prevent the accumulation of lint or other matter at the
place of contact of the doctor with the fabric, and otherwise to improve
the action of the said doctor we impart an endwise to-and-fro motion to
the said doctor by means of a cam actuated by a worm and wheel, or by
other gearing, or by means of a crank and connecting rod, or by other
suitable means.
If it be necessary to keep the size in a state of agitation we employ a
rocking or vibrating stirrer within the size trough, and actuate the said
stirrer by means of a crank or excentric on the axle of the said roller
or by other suitable means. The said fabric on leaving the said roller
comes into contact with a smooth revolving metallic roller or cylinder,
the sized surface of the fabric being towards the said metallic roller.
The said metallic roller to some extent equalises and smooths the
coating of size upon the fabric; the said fabric is then led over and in
contact with a number of quickly revolving "winces "
which convey
the said fabric to an ordinary or suitable plaiting down apparatus.
The edges or bars of the said winces, that is to say, the parts which
come into contact with the fabric, are faced or covered with strips of
caoutchouc which act upon the coated or sized surface of the fabric as
the said winces revolve, and still further equalise and smooth the coating
of size, and also promote the drying of the said size. We may apply a
size trough above the aforesaid metallic roller in such a manner as that
the said roller shall constitute the bottom of the said trough, the said
roller thereby constantly receiving a coating of size. We may in some
cases dispense with the said winces and lead the fabric over or partly
around heated drying cylinders, and we may in some cases employ the
said drying cylinders in addition to the said winces.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CRETACEOUS HYDROCARBON FUEL
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Mitchell, of Millbank Street, Westminster,
Architect, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED CRETACEOUS
HYDROCARBON FUEL."
Sealed the 28th March 1878, and dated the 25th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Mitchell at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 25th November 1872.
I, JOSEPH MITOHELL, of Millbank Street, Westminster, Architect,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IM-
PROVED CRETACEOUS HYDROCARBON FUEL," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prolong the combustion of coal, and
reduce its cost, or cheapen its use as a fuel.
The Invention consists is mixing chalk or similar cretaceous matters
with small coal or slack, and forming blocks or cubes of various forms

page_text: and sizes thereof. In mixing the coal and cretaceous matters together
I preduce them to a finely divided state or powder, and add thereto
ligneous or woody fibre to act as a bind; the materials are then
moistened and subjected to hydraulic or other pressure and dried, when
they are ready for use.
AN IMPROVED SAFETY LABEL TO BE APPLIED TO CLOSED RECEPTACLES FOR INDICATING WHEN SUCH RECEPTACLES HAVE BEEN TAMPERED WITH, TOGETHER WITH APParatus FOR SECURING AND MARKING SUCH LABELS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Allee Purkis and John
Nathaniel Lessware at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 29th August 1872.
We, ROBERT ALLEE PURKIS, of Cheam, in the County of Surrey,
and JoHN NATHANIEL LESSWARE, of Bow Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED SAFETY LABEL TO BE APPLIED TO CLOSED RECEPTACLES FOR INDICATING
WHEN SUCH RECEPTACLES HAVE BEEN TAMPERED WITH, TOGETHER WITH APParatus
FOR SECURING AND MARKING SUCH LABELS," to be as follows:―
Our Invention relates to improved means of protecting the fastenings
of railway trucks, mail bags, and other receptacles for valuable articles
whereby any attempt to tamper with such fastenings will be at once
apparent on inspection of the label, to be applied thereto as hereafter de-
scribed. The Invention also consists in the apparatus used to secure and
mark the label; which may bear any desired information, such as the
names of the places of departure and destination, date, number of con-
veyance, and other necessary particulars.
The label is made of soft metal cast or drawn and cut into suitable
lengths. It is made with a‍tubular passage for the cord by which it is

page_text: to be attached to the lock or other fastening. The two ends of the cord
are threaded through the label, the bight of the cord having been pre-
viously passed round or through the bolt of the fastening in such a
manner that the latter cannot be undone without cutting the cord.
Pressure is then applied to the tubular part of the label, which is flat-
tened so as to firmly clench the ends of the cord, at the same time that
the label is imprinted with any desired letters, figures or device, so that
the cord cannot be withdrawn from the label without mutilating such
imprint.
The apparatus for clenching and marking the label is a small portable
device consisting of a frame in which are mounted a series of number or
type wheels on a common spindle, each wheel being capable of indepen-
dent adjustment to produce the letters, figures, or marks desired, these
wheels being used to produce marks which require to be changed.
When arranged in the desired order they are held in place by a re-
movable stop. The frame also carries a fixed die to mark the name of the
-departure station, for instance, a movable plate or follower being fitted in
the frame, such plate being engraved with any suitable device to mark
the back of the label. The latter is inserted between the plate and the
type and forcibly compressed between them by screw or other pressure so
as to securely fix the label to the cord and mark it on both sides at one
operation.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LOZENGES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Temple Cooper at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st October 1872.
I, WILLIAM TEMPLE COOPER, of Oxford Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Pharmaceutical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LOZENGES," to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the method of manufacturing lozenges which
hitherto have been stamped out or otherwise moulded from a soft paste
composed of suitable ingredients, the lozenges requiring to be dried to
harden them after being made.
My Invention has for its object to save the time required for this
operation, and consists in making lozenges from ingredients in a dry'
state by the aid of pressure in suitable dies.
The ingredients which may consist of sugar, gum arabic, gum
tragacanth, starcli, or some of these, and others usual in the manufacture
of this class of confectionery are reduced to powder and mixed together

page_text: in suitable proportions, a coloring material also powdered being added if
required.
A suitable flavoring may be added which may be in a liquid state, but
as a few drops will suffice to flavor a comparatively large quantity and
as it soon evaporates leaving the materials impregnated with the
extract, as paste is not formed. The ingredients are placed in fixed and
movable dies of suitable construction and shape, and subjected therein
to considerable pressure to mould them into lozenges. Cough and other
medicated lozenges may be made of the usual ingredients in the manner
above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING ANTHRACENE FROM HEAVY OILS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Abraham Dorsett, of Rotherhithe, in the
County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING
ANTHRACENE FROM HEAVY OILS."
Sealed the 23rd August 1872, and dated the 22nd June 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Abraham
Dorsett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd June 1872.
I, GEORGE ABRAHAM DORSETT, of Rotherhithe, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING ANTHRACENE FROM HEAVY OILS," to be as follows:—
I take the heavy oils obtained from the distillation of coal tar and
place them in a still, boiler, or other suitable vessel heated by steam,
gas, or fire. After being exposed to the action of heat for a sufficient
length of time the lighter oil obtained from such treatment is drawn off
in the shape of vapour and afterwards condensed.

page_text: The heavy oil or residue remaining in the still or other vessel after
being allowed to cool is passed through a fine sieve or bag, and the
sediment therefrom contains a portion of anthracene fit for commercial
purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL LAMPS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Bell and Thomas Bell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 28th November 1872.
We, ROBERT BELL and THOMAS BELL, both of Wishaw, in the
County of Lanark, and of Broxburn, in the County of Linlithgow,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL LAMPS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the constructing of oil lamps so
as to reduce to a minimum the extent of shadow cast directly beneath
the burner, the improved arrangements designed for this purpose being
more satisfactory and certain in their operation, and less liable to
derangement than those hitherto in use.
In the improved lamp the burner receives its supply of oil through
a horizontal tube of any convenient length and leading to it from a
vessel herein-after termed the float vessel, in which there is a float
carrying or acting on a small inverted conical valve adapted to close
an outlet orifice in the bottom of an oil reservoir, or in a pipe leading

page_text: down from an oil reservoir placed in any convenient situation above the.
level of the lamp. When the oil rises to the proper level in the float
vessel the float lifts up and shuts the valve; but as the oil is consumed
the float descends and allows the oil to pass through the valve in corre-
sponding proportion. Two or more horizontal branch tubes with burners
may be fitted in connection with one float vessel.
down from an oil reservoir placed in any convenient situation above the.
level of the lamp. When the oil rises to the proper level in the float
vessel the float lifts up and shuts the valve; but as the oil is consumed
the float descends and allows the oil to pass through the valve in corre-
sponding proportion. Two or more horizontal branch tubes with burners
may be fitted in connection with one float vessel.
The oil reservoir may be fitted with a strainer to prevent dust or dirt
from being carried down by the oil and interfering with the proper
action of the valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th September 1872.-A communication from abroad by François
Vincent Renaux, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS," a communication to me
from abroad by François Vincent Renaux, of Paris, in the Republic of
France, to be as follows:-
-
This Invention relates to a simple, economic, and effective watercloset,
wherein all mechanism ordinarily situated beneath the seat is dispensed
with, and the cleansing of the pan and flushing away of the contents of
the receiver are accomplished by separate jets, the pan being first
cleaned by one jet, and the receiver subsequently. flushed by a separate
jet.
According to this Invention the pan or basin is made open at the
bottom, and communicates direct with a receiver which is sealed so as
to trap any effluvium that may rise from the drains by an inclined
diaphragm dipping at its lower edge into the water which is always

page_text: retained in the receiver, thus in fact constituting a syphon trap. Two
pipes descend from the supply cistern or service box above, the one
being twice the size of the other. The larger pipe is connected with the
lower end of the smaller pipe by a cross pipe situate beneath the seat,
such cross pipe being of the same size as the larger pipe. The smaller
pipe is continued up through the cistern to above the level of the water
to form a waste pipe. From this smaller pipe branch off at different
elevations two other pipes, one of which may be of the same diameter
as the smaller pipe, and lead down to the syphon trap or receiver below,
whilst the other pipe which may be rather smaller, branches off at a
lower level and leads direct into the basin. or pan for cleaning the same.
A valve is situate inside the first mentioned large pipe at a point a
little below the level at which the branch leads off from the smaller
pipe to the basin or pan. On opening the valve by pulling a cord or
otherwise, the water rushes down the larger pipe and rises up inside the
smaller one, one portion of the water first escaping by the lower branch
into the basin or pan for the purpose of cleaning the same, and another
portion on rising to the upper branch pipe then escapes by such branch
direct into the receiver, flushing the same and removing all deposit
contained therein into the drain. On shutting the valve the column of
water which is in the smaller pipe between the entrances to the two
branch pipes discharges itself through the lower branch into the
receiver so as to insure a perfect sealing of the lower edge of the
inclined diaphragm. Of course in lieu of using a cistern or service box
the supply may be obtained direct from a service pipe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FEED APPARATUS FOR MACHINES SUCH AS THRASHING MACHINES AND OTHERS REQUIRING THE FEED OR MATERIALS OF WHATEVER KIND TO BE FED OR DELIVERED INTO THEM WITH FAIRLY OR GENERALLY PARALLEL DISPOSITION OF ITS OR THEIR SEVERAL STRAWS OR MEMBERS RESPECTIVELY
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Allerton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
January 1872.
I, RICHARD ALLERTON, of John Street, Adelphi, in the City of
Westminster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FEED APPARATUS FOR MACHINES SUCH AS THRASHING MACHINES
AND OTHERS REQUIRING THE FEED OR MATERIALS OF WHATEVER KIND TO BE FED OR
DELIVERED INTO THEM WITH FAIRLY OR GENERALLY PARALLEL DISPOSITION OF ITS OR
THEIR SEVERAL STRAWS OR MEMBERS RESPECTIVELY," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in horizontal cylinders, drums, or rollers
(herein-after called rollers) with projections thereon between which
(rollers) the sheaf of corn or the feed of whatever kind is to be dropped
or placed with its straws or members lying generally parallel to them,
one or both of the set or of each set of rollers being to be revolved in a
direction opposed to the natural fall downwards of the straws or
members, and so that the projections on the rollers may serve to unpack
or loosen and lay the straws or members and present them to the
operation of the threshing or other machine with their parallel dis-
position thereby maintained or improved.

page_text: In performing the Invention it is contemplated to locate the
improved apparatus above or within a feeding box; to employ the
rollers in pairs; to construct them of wood, tin, or any suitable light
material and of uniform or differing diameters; to drive them by
pullies, or gearing off any convenient pullies, or gearing on the machine;
to work them at the same or differing speeds; and to furnish adjustment
for regulating the distance between them, and above any tray, board,
trough, receptacle, or guide immediately beneath them.
The tray,
trough, receptacle, or guide sometimes to be constructed of bars or rods
or partly so. The projections on the rollers to be strips or bars
extending lengthways and parallel to the surface, and to be continuous
or non-continuous in the length; the number to be one or more on the
circumference. Sometimes one roller is to be without projections.
The term horizontal as applied to the rollers is to be understood as
including approximately horizontal, as a somewhat inclined position
may in some cases be preferred.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER WASTE PREVENTORS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis William Waide at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th November 1872.
I, FRANCIS WILLIAM WAIDE, of Elmfield, Moorgate, Rotherham,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER WASTE PREVENTORS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in water waste
preventers. For this purpose I employ in combination with a supply
cistern-a-small-measuring-cistern to which the water is admitted from
the supply cistern by means of a flexible or movable pipe; the outlet
from the small measuring cistern to the pan of the watercloset or other
place where the supply of water is required is also through a flexible
or movable pipe, and both these pipes are connected with a rocking
lever or are otherwise coupled in such manner that they can be raised
and lowered, and so that when the mouth of one of the pipes is beneath
the level of the water in the supply cistern the other is necessarily
above this level.

page_text: When water is to be drawn off by means of a rod, wire, or cord acting
on the rocking lever or equivalent apparatus the outlet pipe is lowered
beneath the water in the measuring cistern and the water runs out of
this cistern through the outlet pipe to the pan of the closet or other
place. As soon as the rod, wire, or cord is released the lever or
equivalent apparatus returns to its original position, and raises the
mouth of the outlet pipe above the level of the water in the supply
cistern, whilst at the same time the other pipe is lowered beneath this
level so that the measuring cistern may again fill with water. If the
apparatus be applied to a closet with a self-acting seat, the pressure on the
seat moves the rod, wire, or cord, and causes the measuring cistern to fill,
and when this pressure is removed the measuring cistern is discharged.
It is sometimes required that there should be a small flow of water
after the main quantity has been discharged in order to trap or seal the
valves of waterclosets air-tight; I effect this by providing a small
vessel which fills from the measuring cistern, already mentioned, whilst
this cistern is discharging, and which itself discharges by a flexible or
movable pipe, the mouth of which is lowered at the same time that the
mouth of the delivery pipe from the measuring cistern is raised; or the
same object may be attained by causing a small portion of the water
discharged from the measuring cistern to be received into a small vessel
with a minute discharge orifice in its bottom, so that it takes some
considerable time to empty.
AN IMPROVED LUBRICATOR FOR MACHINERY AND AXLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Knott at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th July.
1872. A communication from abroad by Thomas Say Speakman,
of Camden, New Jersey, in the United States of America, Civil
Engineer.
I, JOSEPH KNOTT, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Steel and
File Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED LUBRICATOR FOR MACHINERY AND AXLES," to be as
follows:-
-
The said improvement consists in an improved lubricator for lubri-
cating machinery and axles as herein-after described, that is to say, I
use a bottle having a neck with a female screw made of glass, metal, or
other suitable material, and in such form as may be suitable for the
purpose. Upon the neck of the bottle I screw a collar, or in case the
form of the bottle should be varied in shape so as to suit the machine
to which it is to be applied, I attach a collar to the neck of the bottle
without a screw, and in such manner as it shall act on the principle of a
swivel.

page_text: The collar thus described contains a female screw for the reception of
a male screw, in construction like those used for ordinary lamp tops.
Into this collar is screwed a metallic casing which contains an upright
tube, within which is placed a sliding tube with racket holes which
contains the wick like an ordinary lamp. For the purpose of elevating
or depressing the wick and racket tube thus described, an axle and
racket wheel is employed which is enclosed in the metallic casing and
resembles in its mode of operation an ordinary lamp.
For the purpose of firmly attaching the lubricator, as above described,
to the under part of the gernal or axle box of the machine to which it
is applied on the end of the outside tube is cut a screw properly adapted
to fit a corresponding screw hole in the said under part of the gernal or
axle box of the machine...
By these means and appliances the oil rises in the wick and lubricates
the gernal of the machine. While the machine is in motion, by so
pressing against the gernal it lubricates it; when it is at rest the oil
does not escape as it does if oil is applied in the ordinary method in use
for lubricating machines.
This Invention may be applied to lubricating with oil the axles of
railway cars, marine and other engines, locomotives and carriages with
the necessary variation so as to place the lubricator in connexion with
the gernals, axles, or to any portion of the machinery to be lubricated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING MITRES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel William Worssam at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th May 1872.
I, SAMUEL WILLIAM WORSSAM, of the Oakley Works, King's Road,
Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
CUTTING MITRES," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or
apparatus for cutting mitres, and relates to that class of machinery in
which a knife or chisel is caused to cut the wood or other material to the
angle desired. Heretofore such machines have been formed with the
knife or chisel to work in inclined guides, the wood being held on a
horizontal table, or the knife or chisel has in some cases been arranged to
work in a vertical direction, and cut through the wood or other material
across the grain; these different arrangements have however been found
somewhat inconvenient in use.
Now according to my Invention I arrange the knife to work in a
vertical plane as heretofore; but I arrange the bed or rest for the wood

page_text: or other material at any desired angle between the vertical and hori-
zontal. By these means the marks upon the material to be cut are
readily seen, and machinery thus arranged is much more convenient in
use.
I also arrange the lever to operate the chisel or knife so that it shall &
work in a plane parallel to that of the chisel or knife, and not at right or
other angles thereto, as heretofore.
IMPROVING THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE-SHOES BY THE APPLIC- ATION OF GROOVES TO THE POSTERIOR PORTION OF THE HORSE'S SHOE, PREVENTING CONTRACTION OF THE FEET AND ALSO CORRECTING SUCH CONTRACTIONS WHEN THEY ALREADY EXIST
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Lebacq. at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
September 1872.
FRANÇOIS LEBAOQ, of No. 17, Crown Street, Soho Square, in the
County of Middlesex, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVING THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE-SHOES BY THE APPLIC-
ATION OF GROOVES TO THE POSTERIOR PORTION OF THE HORSE'S SHOE, PREVENTING
CONTRACTION OF THE FEET, AND ALSO CORRECTING SUCH CONTRACTIONS WHEN THEY
ALREADY EXIST," to be as follows:-
The horse-shoe of Lebacq's special method consists of grooves worked
on the inner surface of the shoe on the posterior extremities, sunk to
half its thickness or of greater or less depth according to the require-
ment of the foot under various conditions, to be elongated towards the
toe of the shoe. These grooves to be worked with a matrix, or stamped
in such a manner as to preserve a rim of greater or less thickness on the
inner edge of the shoe on the upper surface, the rim never to be greater
than the thickness of the shoe, and always on the level of the surface.
The object of these grooves is to maintain the horse's foot in its healthy
condition and shape, preventing deformities arising from contractions of
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN, UNION, AND WORSTED CLOTH IN COMBINATION WITH A FELTED BACK
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nicholas Walker and Benjamin
Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 1st April 1872.
We, NICHOLAS WALKER and BENJAMIN WALKER, both of Leeds,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN, UNION,
AND WORSTED CLOTH IN COMBINATION WITH A FELTED BACK," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the adaptation and manu-
facture of woollen and mixed woollen felted fabrics, either of wool alone,
or of wool mixed with cotton or other fibrous materials, known in the
trade as union, woollen, or worsted fabrics; and our Invention consists
in the combination of such fabrics with a strong and warm felted back,
which is applied thereto by the process of felting after the thin face has
been woven and made. For this purpose in carrying out our Invention
we prepare a "bat" or continuous sheet of fibres suitable for felting
(or a continuous sheet of fibres partially felted), which is passed in
contact with the surface, or back to back with the woven or other textile
woollen fabric with which it is to be combined through a series of rollers

page_text: in order to cause the two surfaces of the fabrics to felt together and
thus form a back of felt to the woven or other textile fabric.
The two fabrics of felt and woven or other textile woollen fabric thus
combined may be finished in the ordinary manner, as is well understood,
whereby a woollen fabric is produced with a face of woven fabric and a 5
strong felted back at less cost than by the means heretofore employed
in the production of woven fabrics similar in appearance thereto.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SEWAGE AND OTHER AMMONIACAL LIQUORS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN SALTS) FOR THIS PURPOSE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 6th February 1872.-A communication from abroad by Lucien
Henri Blanchard, Ivar Bang, and Louis Léon Henri Provost,
all of 13, Boulevart, St. Martin, Paris.
+
.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SEWAGE AND
OTHER AMMONIACAL LIQUORS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN SALTS) FOR
THIS PURPOSE," to be as follows: —
This Invention relates to improved processes for fixing the ammonia
contained or in course of formation in liquid sewage and gas liquors
and in various ammoniacal solutions by the application for this purpose
of bi-magnesian phosphate (Ph,O 2 MgO HO) or calcio-magnesian
phosphate (Ph 0³ Ca OMg O, HO). These two substances may be
obtained in different ways and by the aid of various reagents, but the
following is the method' in which they are preferably prepared :-

page_text: phosphates are treated with dilute sulphuric acid, the reaction producing
sulphate of lime and mono-calcic phosphate. An equivalent of sulphate
of magnesia is then added, and after a double decomposition sulphate
of lime is again formed and soluble mono-magnesian phosphate. After
decanting and repeated washings the whole of the mono-magnesian
phosphate is eliminated. One equivalent of magnesia in paste is then
added to the decanted liquor. This magnesia is produced by treating
a solution of chloride of magnesia (mother waters of salt works) with
its equivalent of milk of lime, according to the following reaction :-
Mg cl+Ca. O. HO
=
Mg O, HO+ Ca cl.
1;
"
In certain cases the bi-magnesian phosphate obtained in the manner 3
described is employed in a liquid state to act on ammoniacal waters,
said salt being readily soluble in a solution of chloride of magnesium
(mother waters.of. salt-works). This method is more particularly effica-
cious for fixing the ammonia as it forms in sewage waters.
t
"
1
-
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abcl at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th January 1872, a communication from abroad by Wilhelm
Rudolph Proell, of Aix-la-Chapelle, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS,"
to be as follows 1
In the governor of a steam or other engine, as it is usually con-
structed, the balls are attached to the radii which are jointed to the
upper part of the revolving spindle, and the sensitiveness of such
governors depends in great measure on the length of these radii. Thus
for governors revolving slowly and requiring considerable sensitiveness
these radii must be long, and the whole governor is therefore large and
cumbrous.
The object of the present Invention is to obtain within small compass
and with comparatively small weight and cost the advantages of a large
governor in respect of sensitiveness and suitability to low velocity of

page_text: rotation. This is effected in the following manner:-The upper radii
or arms terminate at the joints by which they are connected to the
lower radii or links which are jointed to the sliding collar which works
the throttle valve lever. These lower radii are extended upwards
beyond those joints with a bend inwards towards the vertical axis of t
the governor, and on these bent limbs of the lower radii the balls of
the governor are fixed. The sliding collar to which the lower radii
are jointed may be loaded by a weight which can slide with it up
and down upon the vertical spindle of the governor. The effect of
this construction is that the balls governed by the radii to which they 1
are attached move in a curve which is considerably flatter than the
circular arc in which they would move in a governor of like dimensions
constructed in the ordinary way, and that their action under the com-
bined influence of gravity and centrifugal force is thus made to
correspond with that of balls attached to long radii which are suited 1
to low speeds of revolution, and are more sensitive than balls acting
with short radii.
A NEW AND IMPROVED WATER WASTE PREVENTING APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR FLUSHING CLOSETS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Sweet at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
October 1872.
I, ANDREW SWEET, of 102, Hampstead Road, in the Parish of
S. Pancras, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED WATER WASTE PREVENTING
APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR FLUSHING CLOSETS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to retain the full pressure given on the
main service upon the water to be ejected after it has passed the waste
preventing apparatus, and to allow of the waste preventing apparatus
being fixed in any convenient place, not as at present above the seat
or place to be flushed, but either above or below, or at any distance
from it.
The apparatus consists of a floating piston which rises to the top of
the cylinder in virtue of its lightness, and descends by the pressure of
the water from the main. Through this cylinder, or in any convenient way,

page_text: a passage is made to connect the water above & below the piston. To
this piston is also attached a plug, having its scat at the bottom of the
cylinder or box, and covering the mouth of the outlet pipe. In this plug
or at any other convenient place a small hole or pipe is placed so as to
connect the water in the cylinder with the water in the outlet pipe. The
cylinder has a top and bottom cover, & is hermetically fastened up,
the floating piston being without any communication with the
external parts. This valve is self-acting. On turning or opening the
outlot cock or valve it depends for its pervect action upon the pressure
being releived and equalized by connecting the separate water com-
partments.