IMPROVEMENTS IN BALING PRESSES PROVISIONAL
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Watson of Westbourne Park, Bayswater in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BALING PRESSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Watson at the Office
of the Commissioners; of Patents on the 28th April 1883.
JAMES WATSON of Westbourno Park, Bayswater in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALING PRESSES
"
My invention consists of improvements in baling presses and has special reference
to presses in which the cotton, jute or other material to be forined into a bale
receives first a preliminary pressure by one or inore rams and then a final or
finishing pressure by one or more other rams. The primary object of the invention
is to obtain an increase in the outturn from the press. For this purpose I construct
the press with two sets of boxes, each set being mounted upon a separato column
around which it can be revolved; and the columns are the columns or supports of
the press.
One set consists of two, three or more deep boxes each capable of
holding sufficient of the bulky or loose material to forin a bale; the other set
consists of two, three or more shallow boxes the depth of each of which is sufficient
to hold the material after the preliminary pressure. The respective circles described
by the two sets of boxes in their revolution are such that at a given point of the
revolution one of the shallow boxes comes exactly over one of the deep boxes.
The shallow or upper boxes are each constructed with two main doors forming the
two sides of the box and hinged to one of the ends, with an easing door forming
the other end, and with a top forming lashing plate, and in each of the main
doors is a toothed sliding stop for supporting the bottom of the bale when the
preliminary pressure has been completed. The main doors are also constructed
near their upper part with grooves, mortises or recesses corresponding with fillets,
tenons or projections on the top lashing plate and they also have vertical grooves
to receive the edges of the easing door so that when these doors are closed they
firmly hold this lashing plate and the casing door.
The action of the press is as follows:-One of the deep boxes having been filled
with cotton (or other material to be formed into a bale) and one of the shallow or

page_text: upper boxes being in position exactly over this deep box the ram (or rams) for
effecting the preliminary pressure is caused to rise through the deep box so as to
force the cotton entirely into the upper box. The sliding stops in the main doors
are then pushed in so as to enter between grooves in the follower and thus
relieve the follower from tho bale; the follower can thus be allowed to descend as
soon as the preliminary rams are released from the pressure which raised them.
As the follower descends the set of upper boxes is moved round so as to bring the
box containing the bale exactly over the ram or rams for giving the final or
finishing pressure, while by the same movement an empty upper box has taken its
place above the preliminary ram, another deep box already filled with cotton
having also at the same time been moved round above the preliminary ram. The
finishing ram (or rams) is then caused to rise until the teeth of the follower entor
between the teeth of the sliding stops and relieve them from the bale. These
sliding stops are then moved out and the main doors are opened, the finishing ram
is caused to rise farther to give the final pressure, the bale is hooped or roped and
then the end easing door is relieved; the finishing ram is now lowered, the bale is
tumbled out of the press, and the main doors are again closed and locked ready to
be turned into position for another charge.
It will be readily understood that by the arrangement above described while one
bale is receiving its final pressure, another bale may be receiving its preliminary
pressure, or if the whole pump power is common to both pressures the preliminary
ram will be raised and the stops be pushed in after a bale has been pressed by the
finishing ram, that is to say, during the time occupied in pulling tight and fastening
the ropes or hoops, lowering the finishing ram, tumbling out the bale, and closing
and locking the main doors; and during this time also one or more of the deep
boxes are being filled with cotton or jute ready for the preliminary pressure. The
outturn of the press is consequently very great. In order to facilitate the work
I cause the set of deep boxes to turn automatically by means of a weight and
gearing; the weight is raised by the preliminary ram during its ascent and is left
near the top of the stroke after the rain has descended; when the boxes are freed
from the device which holds them during the ascent of the ram the weight is able
to exert its power and descends gradually and in so doing causes the boxes to
revolve by means of the gearing. A similar arrangement is applied to the set of
upper boxes.
În a modification of the baling press above described, I substitute for the sliding
stops which relieve the follower from the bale, two sets of hooks hinged respectively
to the two sides of the lashing plates. After the preliminary pressure has been
given to the bale the main doors are opened and the hooks are lowered into position
to hold the bale which is then swung round with the hooks and top lashing plate
to position above the finishing ram. In this modification the main doors and end
easing door are not moved round with the baie but are hinged to a fixed part of
the press. As the finishing rain ascends, rods which move therewith net by means
of levers or otherwise on the hooks so as to cause them to lift quickly from the
bale and allow the follower of the ram to act upon it. These levers have counter-
weights to balance the hooks and keep them in their raised position while the
finishing rum descends and the bale is being tumbled out. Thero is another set of
levers at the preliminary end of the press with balance weights to keep the hooks
lifted so that the main doors can be shut. Although I have stated that in this
modification the main doors and the end easing door are not moved round with
the bale, top lashing plate, and hooks each of the deep boxes may be fitted with
main doors and end easing door which would be moved round therewith; but I
prefer to have only one set of doors.
According to another novel Construction of baling press I employ two revolving
sets of boxes in conjunction with bottom rams, top rams and a grid or blocking
apparatus so that first a box from one cud of the press may be brought under the
action of the press, then a box from the other end and so on alternately. A box
from one end of the press and filled with the jute or other material' having been

page_text: moved round in line with the rams, the bottom rams give the preliminary pressure,
then the grid or blocking apparatus having been run in below the bale, the top
rams descend and give the finishing pressure while the bottom rains are descending.
While these actions are taking place the boxes at the two ends of the press are
being filled.
According to another novel construction I employ in conjunction with a baling
press having bottom rams, top rams and a blocking apparatus such as just described,
a single revolving set of boxes; these boxes do away with the necessity for end
filling doors which have hitherto been found a drawback in this style of press, on
account of the limited size they can be made. By thus dispensing with the end
filling doors the middle head or bearer of the press can be made in one piece.
instead of two as heretofore; the press will thus be more firmly bound together at
this part so that more stability is obtained and more solid bearings for the nuts or
collars of the columns; and the end easing doors need only be half the ordinary
length.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Watson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th October
1883.
JAMES WATSON of Westbourne Park in the County of Middlesex Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BALING PRESSES
"
My invention consists of improvements in baling presses and has special reference
to presses in which the cotton, jute or other material to be formed into a bale
receives first a preliminary pressure by one or more rams and then a final or
finishing pressure by one or more other rams. The primary object of the invention
is to obtain an increase in the out-turn from the press. For this purpose according
to one part of the invention I construct the press with two sets of boxes, each set
being mounted upon a separate column around which it can be revolved; and the
columns are two of the columns or supports of the press. One set consists of two,
three or more deep boxes each capable of holding sufficient of the bulky or loose
material to form a bale; the other set consists of two, three or more shallow boxes
the depth of each of which is sufficient to hold the material after the preliminary
pressure. The respective circles described by the two sets of boxes in their
revolution are such that at a given point of the revolution one of the shallow boxes
comes exactly over one of the deep. boxes. The shallow or upper boxes are each
constructed with two main doors forming the two sides of the box and hinged to
one of the ends, with an easing door forming the other end and with a top forming
a lashing plate, and in each of the main doors is a toothed sliding stop for
supporting the bottom of the bale and relieving the lashing plate when the
preliminary pressure has been completed. Or there may be a sliding stop in one
door only, which stop will move right across under the bale and enter spaces in
the other door. The main doors are also constructed near their upper part with
grooves mortises or recesses corresponding with fillets, tenons or projections on
the top Inshing plate and they also have vertical grooves to receive the edges of
the easing door so that when these doors are closed they firmly hold this lashing
plate and the casing door.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a front elevation and Figure 2a side
elevation of a press constructed according to my invention as herein before described.
Figure 3 is a section through 1 - 1 of Figure 1 with the lashing plates broken
off. Figure 4 is a section through 2 2 Figure 1. A' A' A' A' are a set of
deep boxes each capable of holding sufficient of the bulky and loose material to
form a bale. This set of boxes is mounted on a column B around which it can be
revolved. Upon another column C is mounted a set of shallow boxes (there are two
of these boxes in the arrangement shown). Each of these shallow boxes is composed
of two main doors DD D¹ D' forming the two sides of the box and hinged to the
inner end E E'; an easing door F F forming the other end; and a top G G₁
forming a lashing plate. The centre piece EE which constitutes the inner end of
each of these boxes is mounted on the column C around which it can be revolved
together with the main doors- and other parts which go to make up the boxes.
The columns B and C form two of the columns or supports of the press. The two
lashing plates G G¹ may either be formed in one piece which is rigidly fixed to the
centre piece E E' and embraces the column C or they may be made in separate
pieces which are likewise rigidly fixed to the piece E It will be seen that tho
respective circles described by the two sets of boxes are such that at a given point
of their respective revolutions one of the shallow boxes comes exactly over one of
the deep boxes. In each of the main doors D D D'D' is a toothed sliding stop H

page_text: for supporting the bottom of the bale in the shallow box They may be made to
slide in and out as required by any suitable arrangement; that shown in the
drawing consists of a shaft I worked by a handle J (or otherwise) and carrying
pinions K to gear into racks L on the sliding stops. The sliding stops are shown
in position below the bale in Figure 4 and also in the closed doors D D Figure 3
while they are shown fully withdrawn in the open doors D'D' Figure 3. Tho
doors D D D' D' are constructed with grooves M M near their upper part, corre-
sponding with fillets or projections N N on the lashing plates G G₁, and also with,
vertical grooves 00 to receive the edges of the easing doors F F¹ so that when the
doors D D, D¹ D¹ are closed they firmly hold their respective lashing plates and
easing doors. PP are screws worked by hand wheels QQ for assisting in the
adjustment of the boxes and for pressing home and relieving the easing doors as
required. R is the ram for effecting the preliminary pressure and S its follower.
TT are the rams for effecting the finishing or final pressure and U is their follower.
V is the ground floor and W the filling floor; the latter may be level with the top.
of the boxes A' A' A³ A* or lower as thought best. The part X of the floor W is
shewn as made to revolve with these boxes. Z Figure 2 is a hasp or hinged plato
carried by one of the main doors of each box to pass behind the easing door and
through an opening Y in the other main door where it is secured by a pin or
otherwise.
1
The action of the press is as follows:-One of the deep boxes (A' for example)
having been filled with cotton (or other material to be formed into a bale) and one
of the shallow or upper boxes D D being in position as seen in the figures exactly.
over this deep box the ram R (or rams) for effecting the preliminary pressure is
caused to rise through the deep box so as to force the cotton entirely into the
upper box. The sliding stops H H in the main doors D D are then pushed in so
as to enter between grooves in the follower S and thus relieve the follower from
the bale; the follower S can thus be allowed to descend as soon as the preliminary.
ram R is released from the pressure which raised it. As the follower S descends
the set of upper boxes D D is moved round so as to bring the box containing the
bale exactly over the rams T for giving the final or finishing pressure (the screw P
being screwed in to ensure proper adjustment of the box and to hold the easing
door after the side doors are subsequently opened) while by the same movement
an empty upper box D'D' has taken its place above the preliminary ram R, another
deep box A already filled with cotton being swung round as soon as the ram R
falls clear of them. The finishing rams T T are meanwhile caused to rise until the
teeth of the follower U enter between the teeth of the sliding stops H Hand relievo
them from the bale. These sliding stops are then moved out and the main
doors D D are opened the finishing rams T are caused to rise further to give the
final pressure, the bale is hooped or roped and then the end easing door F is
relieved; the finishing rams T are now lowered the bale is tumbled out of the press
and the main doors D D are again closed and locked ready to be turned into
position for another charge.
It will be readily understood that by the arrangement above described while
one bale is receiving its final pressure another bale may be receiving its preliminary
pressure, or if the whole pump power is common to both pressures the preliminary
ram will be raised and the stops be pushed in after a bale has been pressed by the
finishing ram, that is to say during the time occupied in pulling tight and fastening
the ropes or hoops, lowering the finishing ram tumbling out the bale and closing
and locking the main doors; and during this time also one or more of the deep
boxes are being filled with cotton or jute ready for the preliminary pressure. The
out-turn of the press is consequently very great.
In order to facilitate the work I cause the set of deep boxes to turn automatically
by means of a weight and gearing; the weight is raised by the preliminary ram
during its ascent and is left near the top of the stroke after the ram has descended.
When the boxes are freed from the device which holds them during the ascent of:

page_text: the ram the weight is able to exert its power and descends gradually and in so
doing causes the boxes to revolve by means of the gearing.
The arrangement for automatically revolving the deep boxes is seen in Figure 1.
A rod a is fixed to the follower S and passes freely through the large weight or
weights b; on its lower end is a nut c. dd are two chains which also pass
through the weight b and are secured to its under side by nuts e e. These chains
are carried over a barrel or drum f which is loose on the shaft g; they pass once
or oftener around this barrel which is suitably grooved to receive them and their
ends eventually fall on the side of the barrel opposite to that on which the chains
are directly attached to the weight b; a much smaller weight h is attached to the
ends of the chains. is a collar keyed on the shaft g and jj are spring pauls
carried by this collar and taking into teeth in the barrel f. The barrel is free to
revolve on its shaft g in the direction in which the small weight / pulls it
but is prevented by the pauls from being revolved in the opposite direction
on the shaft by the large weight b, so that this shaft when not held is caused
to rotate together with the collar i and pauls by the large weight b the effect
of which is that rotation on the column B is given to the boxes A' A² A³ A'
by the intermediation of the bevel wheels kk, rod and gearing m. To make the
action clearly understood I will suppose the follower S to be at the bottom of its
stroke as seen in dotted lines in Figure 1; the lower end of the rod a will be
at the bottom of the well n and the weight b I will suppose also there, and the
Binall weight h will therefore be at the top of the well near the barrel f. As the
ram R and follower S rise the rod a also rises and by means of the nut o lifts
the weight b with it; the weight h at the same time descends causing the barrel f
to rotate and taking up the slack of the chains d d. As the rain R descends (that
is to say after the bale is held by tho sliding stops HH) the boxes A¹ A³ A³ A*
are prevented turning by any suitable holding device so that the rod a passes down
through the weight b leaving this weight free to fall as far as the nut c as soon as
the holding device is released. When the release is effected the weight b falls
gradually and thereby through the gearing already described causes the 4 boxes to
turn around the column B until the next box (A') is brought into position over the
ram R.
A similar arrangement is applied to the set of upper boxes. This is also seen
in Figure 1, b' being the large weight, ' the small weight, a' the rod passing
through the large weight and connected to the follower S, f' the barrel and k³ ki
the bevel gearing. The same arrangement can be applied to other baling presses
in which a set of boxes has to be swung round.
.
Figures 5 and 6 represent a press similar in construction to that hereinbefore
described but with a preparatory ram (or rams) on each of two sides of the
finishing rams and with a pair of deep boxes revolving over each preparatory ram.
In this press there is one shallow upper box similar to that herein before described
(or it may be similar to that hereinafter described with reference to Figures 7, 89
10 and 10%) fitted to revolve on each of the columns a' a. The action of this
press when baling material which requires to be laid carefully into the box such as
Jute, Tobacco, & is as follows:-The bale as seen at a, Figure 5 hns just been
compressed to the desired density and is being lashed; the preparatory ram b is
rising pressing the cotton or jute into the upper box c (Figure 5). The bale is
held there by the sliding stops as herein before explained. The finishing rams
having fallen and the finished bale being out of the press, the box formed by the
doors e e¹, the centre piece e and end casing door c Figure 6 (left hand side) is
turned round just far enough to be out of the way of the men while lashing the
next bale which is being brought into position in the box c Figure 5 over the
finishing rams. Space is thus left for the men filling the box d over the
preparatory ram b' which falls with the follower and lashing plate as required
until about half the quantity of jute or other material is laid into the box The
ram and follower are then allowed to fall to the bottom of the box d but the

page_text: lashing plate is allowed to fall only the extra depth required to receive the
remaining quantity of material to be filled into the box and at this point say a
depth of about 11 feet from the top the lashing plate is caught and held from
further descending by stops which project through the ends or sides of the
box and which are. fitted with any suitable device for withdrawing them so
as to lie flush with the ends or sides when required. They are hinged or have
springs so that if projecting into the box when the material and lashing plate
are being pushed up from the lower part of the box by the follower they aro
pushed in by the pressure of the material upon them. The follower has grooves
to allow it to freely pass the stops. The other box d³ full of material is then moved
round into position over the ram b' and at the same time the upper box on
the column al is turned into position over the ram b' ready to receive the
charge out of the box d³ the filling of box d¹ being finished at the outside position.
In the meantime the moment that the upper box c was moved clear of the box d
the men would commence to fill that box laying the material carefully as the
ram b with its follower and with the lashing plate belonging to box d were
allowed to fall. As soon as the bale in the box c has been compressed by the
finishing rams the preparatory rim b¹ begins to rise in box d³ with another chargo
the bale in the finishing box being meanwhile lashed and tumbled out of the press,
the box c being again turned round into position over the ram band the box d¹
full of material being at the same time turned round into position over the ram b.
The cylinder of this ram is ready to receive the water from the pumps as soon as
the pressing is completed by the ram b'. The action of the press when baling
cotton or other material which is simply thrown into the box falling to the bottom
thereof is similar to that just described only that instead of the preparatory ram
being lowered gradually to allow of the material being laid on the lashing plate
thereof this ram with its follower and lashing plate is after finishing its balo
immediately lowered to the bottom of the box and the deep box is then revolved
into position for filling bringing another full box over the preparatory ram. By
the means above described a bale is brought from each set of revolving boxes
alternately by means of the single boxes revolving round the columns a' a'. The
end easing doors in this arrangement may be locked as shown in Figure 6 by
means of a part of the back of the centro piece e' of the opposite box turning into
line with and close to a part of the end easing door or it may have the ordinary
key which can take into the back part of the opposite box.
Figures 7, 8 and 9 represent another press similar in construction to that shown
in Figures 1 to 4 but in which the main doors a a of the upper boxes are fixed at
the top of the column on which the set of deep boxes revolves and are stationary
thero, the bale while being revolved from the position over the preparatory ram to
the position over the top finishing rams being held at top by the lashing plate b,
at one end by the revolving centre piece c and at the other end by the end casing
door d, and at the bottom by a frame e of wrought iron or steel which is rigidly
fixed at one end to the centro piece c and revolves therewith the whole
constituting a box which however when revolving has no sides the doors a a
which formed the sides during tho preparatory pressure being fixed to the column
as already explained. At its other end the frame e forms a catch for locking key f
of the end easing door thus preventing this door from springing outwards when
the bale is being formed. The bottom part of the end casing door also catches
into the frame e as seen at g Figure 7 and supports it against downward pressure
due to the expansion of the bale being held between the lashing plate and it.
The action of this press is as follows:-When the preparatory ram has reached
the position shown by the follower at top of the box, the doors a a become
unlocked by the rise of this ram and being pushed back to the position seen at
Figure 9 the men commence lashing the bale, the ram meanwhile holding it up;
5 the men pull the ropes or hoops partially tight and in order to prevent the ends
slipping they insert wooden wedges into the rope grooves above the rope so as to
press the rope against the bale. The preparatory ram is then allowed to fall clear

page_text: of the underside of the frame and the bale of cotton or jute is partly held in
position by the friction of the bale against the ends of frame, and the ropes, hoops
or other binders hold it from returning into the box. If the bale expands
downward as far as the frame e, its edges cannot go past the top of this frame
as it expands considerably sideways after the doors are opened. The width of the
balo thus becoming greater than the width of the deep box, and also greater than
the width of the frame e which has exactly the same inside dimensions as the deep
boxes, the bale is caught by the frame e at its bottom edges and is thus prevented
at those edges from expanding downwards into the lower box. The ropes hoops
or other binders which have been passed under the bale are now caught and held
fast by the expansion of the bale pressing them against the top inside edge of the
frame e, thus allowing the material to expand slightly but preventing any loose
portion at the bottom of the bale from falling down into the box. This bale is
now turned round (in the box without sides as above explained) into position over
the finishing rams, the same action bringing the corresponding box at the opposite
side into position over the preparatory rams. The men at once start to fill the
box from which the bale was last pushed up tho ram falling as required; this
continues during the greater portion of the pressing by the finishing rams and in
this box (in the case of jute or material requiring to be carefully laid into the box)
the lashing plate is stopped at about 10 to 11 feet from the top of the box the ram
and follower falling to the bottom of the box which is then revolved with material
enough in it to allow a man to stand on the material in order to carefully pack
the remainder of the quantity for one bale The finishing rams are then allowed
to rise and the men at once continue the lashing of the bale which was partially
done by the men working at the preparatory side of the press. The doors a a are
also shut and the preparatory ram is ready to receive the water when the finishing
rams complete their stroke. The preparatory ram immediately commences to rise
up the full box which is then over it until it reaches the top of same when the
doors are again unlocked by the rise of the ram and pushed back, the men at the
preparatory side of the press again putting the ropes hoops or other binders
partially round the bale as before. The moment the bale is tumbled out of the
press, and the follower h falls clear of the frame e, the centre piece c again revolves
and takes another bale into position over the finishing rams. In order farther
to ensure the bale being securely held by the frame e, I sometimes make the box
above this frame very slightly wider than the deep boxes and the frame e as seen
at a' Fig: 8.
Figures 10 and 10a represent a press of the same construction as that shown in
Figures 7, 8 and 9 but with the addition of the sliding stops described with reference
to Figures 1 to 4, these stops passing either through the frame e as shown or
above it.
Figures 11 and 11ª represent a press of the same construction as that shewn
in Figures 7, 8 and 9 but made with a preparatory ram on each side of the
finishing rams and with a set of deep revolving boxes revolving over each of those
preparatory rams as in the press shown in Figures 5 and 6. This press may also
have sliding stops as in Figure 10.
In another modification of the baling press described with reference to Figures 1
to 4 I substitute for the sliding stops H H which relieve the follower from the bale
as herein before described two sets of hooks hinged respectively to the two sides of
the lashing plates. This modification is represented in Figures 12 and 13 which
represent respectively a front elevation and a side elevation of the upper part of a
press. After the preliminary pressure has been given to the bale the main
doors DD are opened and the two sets of hooks which are seen at H'H' are lowered
into position to hold the bale which is then swung round with the hooks and top
lashing plate to position above the finishing ram. In this modification tho main
doors D D and end easing door F are not moved round with the bale but are 5
hinged to a fixed part Z' of the press or to the press head. As the finishing
rains T T ascend rods oo which move therewith push against short levers pr

page_text: keyed on the shafts q q and cause those shafts to turn on their axes so that the
evers which are connected by bridles as to the hooks H H cause these hooks
o lift quickly from the bale and allow the follower U of the rams T T to act upon
t. A short portion of the stroke of the rams T T suffices to raise the hooks H¹¹
into the position seen in Figure 13 and the rods o o slide up past the levers p p for
the rest of the stroke. The shafts q have counterweights tt to balance the
hooks H'H' and levers and keep the hooks in their raised position while the
finishing rams T T descend and the bale is being tumbled out. When the bale is
clear of the press the hooks are pulled down and the bridles && taken off the ends
of the levers rr; these levers are then allowed to be lifted by the weights tt
which will hold them clear of everything until the next bale comes round. Thero
is another pair of levers u on shafts at the preliminary end of the press with
balance weights ww on levers xx which are also on the shafts to keep the
hooks HH lifted so that the main doors D D can be shut. Figure 12 represents
both the preliminary ram S and the finishing rams T T in their highest positions
and in the middle of the figure are seen two sets of hooks H' H' supporting a balo
which has received the preliminary pressure. Letters of reference in Figures 12
and 13 the same as those in Figures 1 to 4 indicate corresponding parts. Although
I have stated that in this modification the main doors and the end casing door are
not moved round with the bale, top lashing plate and hooks but are hinged to a
fixed part of the press, each of the deep boxes may be fitted with main doors and
end easing door which would be moved round therewith; but I prefer to have only
one set of doors.
According to another novel construction of baling press which is represented in
Figures 14 and 15 I employ two revolving sets of boxes A A and B B in conjunction
with bottom ratus C C, top rams D D and a grid or blocking apparatus E so that
first a box from one end of the press may be brought under the action of the press,
then a box from the other end and so on alternately. A box from one end of the
press say one of the boxes A filled with the jute or other material having been
moved round in line with the rams, the bottom rams C C give the preliminary
pressure, then the grid or blocking apparatus E having been run in below the bale
the top rams D D descend and give the finishing pressure while the bottom ramis
are descending. While these actions are taking place the boxes at the two ends of
the press are being filled. The arrangement of the top and botton rains and of
the grid or blocking apparatus are the same as in the well known Watson press.
According to another novel construction represented in Figures 16 and 17 I
employ in conjunction with a baling press having bottom rams CC, top rams D D
and a blocking apparatus E such as just described a single revolving set of two
three or more boxes A A; these revolving boxes both in this arrangement and in
that shown in Figures 14 and 15 do away with the necessity for end filling doors
which have hitherto been found a draw-back in this style of press on account of
the limited size they can be made. By thus dispensing with the end filling doors
the middle head or bearer F of the press can be made in one piece instead of two
as heretofore the press will thus be more firmly bound together at this part so
that more stability is obtained and more solid bearings for the nuts or collars of
the columns; and the end easing doors G need only be half the ordinary length.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner tho
same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my improvements in baling presses:-
First Constructing baling presses with two sets of revolving boxes so arranged
that the boxes of one set, to which the material to be pressed is supplied, come in
turn above the preparatory ram or rams while the boxes of the other set come in
turn first above the preparatory rain or rams and then above the finishing ram or
rams, the arrangement and action being such that the material is forced by the
preliminary ram or rams through a box of the first set into a box of the second set
which latter box with the partly pressed bale held therein is then swung round to
the finishing ram or rams all substantially as hereinbefore described and represented
in Figures 1 to 11.

page_text: Second-The sliding stops in the main doors for relieving the lashing plate and
supporting the båle when the preliminary pressure has been completed and while
the bale is being moved round to the finishing rams substantially is herein-before
described and represented in Figures 1 to 4.
Third-The arrangement of weights and gearing substantially as herein-before
described and represented in Figure 1 for automatically turning swinging boxes of
baling presses.
Fourth-The combination of parts represented in Figures 1 to 4 and forming an
improved baling press arranged and acting as described.
Fifth-The several arrangements of press constructed substantially as shown
respectively in Figures 5 and 6, Figures 7, 8 and 9, Figures 10 and 100 and
Figures 11 and 11° and hercin before described.
Sixth-Constructing baling presses with a sot of revolving boxes to which the
material to be pressed is supplied and which come in turn above the preparatory
ram or rains and with sets of hooks hinged to lashing plates which come in turn
first above the preparatory ram or rams and then above the finishing ram or rams,
the arrangement and action being such that the material is forced by the preliminary
ram or rams through one of the boxes into a space or chamber enclosed by doors,
that the doors are then opened, the hooks then lowered so as to support the
partly pressed bale and then the lashing plate, hooks and bale are swung round to
the finishing ram or rams all substantially as herein before described and represented
in Figures 12 and 13.
Seventh-The arrangement of levers, rods and other parts for quickly lifting
the books from the bale as the finishing rams rise substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in Figures 12 and 13.
Eighth-The arrangement of levers and other parts for keeping the hooks lifted
at the preparatory end of the press substantially as herein before described and
represented in Figures 12 and 13.
Ninth-The combination of parts represented in Figures 12 and 13 and forming
an improved baling press arranged and acting as described
Tenth-Constructing baling presses arranged and acting substantially na
bercin-before described with reference to Figures 14 and 15.
Eleventh-Constructing baling presses arranged and acting substantially as
herein before described with reference to Figures 16 and 17.
In witness whereof, I the said James Watson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty fifth day of October One thousand eight hundred and
eighty three.