IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF WOVEN FABRICS KNOWN AS CORDS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Samuel Jackson, of Pendleton, in the County
of Lancaster, Warehouseman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE TREATMENT OF WOVEN FABRICS KNOWN AS CORDS."
Sealed the 25th April 1862, and dated the 29th October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Samuel Jackson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th October 1861.
I, JOHN SAMUEL JACKSON, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, Ware-
houseman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF WOVEN FABRICS KNOWN. AS CORDS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in submitting the fabric before or after it has been
finished by any usual method to a rubbing or impressing action transversely
to the direction of the cords, and by means of a surface with indented portions
so as to constitute a tool similar to a comb.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Samuel Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SAMUEL JACKSON, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, Warehouseman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Samuel Jackson, Her special license that I, the said John Samuel Jackson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Samuel Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE TREATMENT OF WOVEN FABRICS KNOWN AS CORDS," upon the condition,
amongst others, that I, the said John Samuel Jackson, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Samuel Jackson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in submitting the fabric before or after it has been
finished by any usual method to a rubbing or impressing action transversely to
the direction of the cords, and by means of a surface with indented portions,
so as to constitute a tool similar to a comb.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents the tool I employ,
consisting of a rod with a number of angular grooves cut therein. This tool
being dragged or scratched across the width of the fabric effects a disturbance,
which affords a peculiar effect or finish whether such fabrics be so treated before
or after the usual finishing. The operation may be effected by hand, but in
order that my Invention may be conducted expeditiously, I employ machinery

page_text: by which the tool is caused to travel across the fabric, and by which the said
fabric is moved onward between each of such travelling motions, so as to
present a fresh portion of its surface to the action of the tool; Figs. 2 and 3
represent an arrangement that may be used for this purpose.
The framework of the machine is shewn at a, upon which are mounted
rollers b, c, d, e, over three rollers the fabric to be operated upon passes as
shewn by the red line, previously to which, however, it passes under and over
bars f; between the rollers b, c, it is carried upward and passes over a table g
upon which it is distended. This table is furnished at each end with projecting
parts h, which can be moved in parallel guides i carried by the framework, so
as to elevate or depress the said table, and thereby carry the fabric upward or
downward; for this purpose the parts h are provided with two screws k at each
end of the table extending downward, and working in nuts carried by worm
wheels.l, these wheels are in gear with worms m fixed upon a shaft n, at the
end of which is a pulley handle o; this being turned causes the nuts of the
wheels to revolve, simultaneously, so as to act upon the screws k and elevate
or depress the table g. At p is the main driving shaft of the machine, upon
which is a bevil wheel q taking into a wheel r upon a shaft s. On the main
shaft is a crank t, which by means of a connecting rod u causes a lever v to
vibrate loosely upon the axis of the roller d. The lever v carries a driver w,
which acts upon teeth of a ratchet wheel a fixed to the axis of the roller d, as
therefore the main shaft revolves, the driver wis caused to vibrate and to
propel the ratchet wheel x and roller d through portions of a revolution at
intervals, and thus the cloth is caused to travel over the bed g, but at intervals
only between which the tool is carried across its surface.
Two tools y, y, are
fixed so as not to revolve to a chainz, denoted by the blue line in Fig. 2,
which chain is endless and passes over drums 1, provided with projections
which take into the links of the chain. These drums are carried by the
shafts s, s, the former of which is caused to rotate by the bevil wheels q, r,
before mentioned; the form of chain employed is shewn in two views full size
at Figs. 4 and 5, and at Fig. 6 is a section thereof, shewing also guides 2
through which the said chain passes so as to secure a parallel motion of the
tools.
In the position shewn in the Drawing the tool y is about to be carried
across the fabric by the chain moving in the direction of the arrow, during
which motion the said fabric will remain stationary, and the driver w will
travel downward over the surface of the ratchet wheel x without imparting
motion thereto, but when the tool has travelled across the fabric then the
driver w will begin to move upward, and will drive the roller da sufficient

page_text: part of a revolution to bring another portion of the fabric over the table g, by
which time the other tool y* will have arrived at the position represented by
y, and will in like manner travel across the fabric while it again remains
stationary, and so on until the whole piece is finished.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and a method by
which the same may be carried into effect, I desire it to be understood that I
do not limit yourself to the arrangement of machinery above described, for it
will be evident to all competent persons that many combinations may be used
whereby the same effect may be produced, that which I claim as secured to
me under the above in part recited Letters Patent being the treatment of those
fabrics known as cords, by rubbing or scraping them transversely with a tool
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Samuel Jackson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
J. S. JACKSON. (L.S.)