IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING, PICKLING AND SWILLING METAL PLATES, METAL GOODS AND METAL WARES "
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Francis Taylor of the firm of "Taylor Struvé,
Eaton and Prico" of Neath and Briton Ferry, both in the County of
Glamorgan Mechanical Engineers, for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING, PICKLING AND SWILLING METAL
PLATES, METAL GOODS AND METAL WARES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Francis Taylor at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th April 1882.
HENRY FRANCIS TAYLOR, of the firm of Taylor, Struvé, Eaton and Price, of
Neath and Briton Ferry both in the County of Glamorgan, Mechanical Engineers,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING PICKLING AND
SWILLING METAL PLATES, METAL GOODS, AND METAL WARES,"
The chief object of the first part of my invention is to simplify the construction
and action of mechanical pickling machines so that I am enabled to dispenso with
the use of an engine whereas heretofore it has been necessary to employ two
engines to obtain the combined motion which I am able to obtain with one.
The combined motion to which I refer is that of the motion of the cradles
containing the articles to be pickled and the movement of the baths or vats
containing the pickling or swilling material.
For this purpose I mount the baths upon trunnions or axles or rockers so that
they are free to oscillate thereon when pressure is applied to the adjacent sides and
this pressure is obtained through the medium of the cradles or through the beam
from which the cradles are suspended thus when the cradles descend in the baths
the beam acts on the side or end, as the case may be, of the bath and causes same
to oscillate; the rising and falling of the cradles and beams keep up a continuous
motion so long as desired; the baths may be mounted with their axles at an angle
to one another, in this way I obtain from the one central engine the combined
motion vis, that of the movement of the cradles and of the baths.

page_text: The motion which I give the cradles is simply up and down and not rocking the
rocking motion is given as before stated to the baths themselves, rockers may be
under the vat or vats, if desired or at the ends or sides thereof and at any desired
angle. To keep the cradle vertical during its movement I employ guides which
may be forked and may also serve as bearings for the vats or baths.
My invention further refers to additional means for causing a movement of the
liquid in the vats. I employ a centrifugal or other pump, injector or fan at one or
both ends or sides but preferably at one end only and at or about the middle of
the vat I place a division plate or board or division plates or boards between
which the cradle or cradles is or are passed, motion being communicated to the
pump fan, or other contrivance the liquid is caused to thoroughly circulate round
throughout the vat and to pass thoroughly through and between the materials to
be pickled long and wide plates and tubes to be galvanized are particularly suitable
for treatment by the mode and means described-Tubes treated in this way may
for example be as long as the vat and treated with as great ease and as effectually
as the shorter tubes and at a great saving of labour, time, and cost of acid.
The vats may be made of any convenient dimensions suitable for the work to bo
carried out.

page_text: "
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Francis Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th October 1882.
HENRY FRANCIS TAYLOR of the firm of "Taylor Struvé Eaton and Price" of
Nenth and Briton Ferry, both in the County of Glamorgan, Mechanical Engineers
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING PICKLING AND
SWILLING METAL PLATES, METAL GOODS AND METAL WARES
"
The chief object of the first part of my invention is to simplify the construction
and action of mechanical pickling machines so that I am enabled to dispense with
the use of an engine whereas heretofore it has been necessary to employ two engines
to obtain the combined motion which I am able to obtain with one.
The combined motion to which I refer is that of the motion of the cradles con-
taining the articles to be pickled and the movement of the baths or vats containing
the pickling or swilling material.
For this purpose I mount the baths upon trunnions axles or rockers so that they
are free to oscillate thereon when pressure is applied to the adjacent sides and this
pressure is obtained through the medium of the cradles or through the beam from
which the cradles are suspended thus when the cradles descend in the baths the
beam acts on the side or end as the case may be of the bath and causes same to
oscillate; the rising and falling of the cradles and beams keep up a continuous
motion so long as desired. The baths may be mounted with their axles at an angle
to one another, in this way I obtain from the one central engine the combined
motion vis that of the movement of the cradles and of the baths.
The motion which I give the cradles is simply up and down and not rocking,
the rocking motion is given as before stated to the baths themselves; rockers may
he under the vat or vats if desired or at the ends or sides thereof and at any
desired angle. To keep the cradle vertical in its movement I employ guides which
may be forked and may also serve as bearings for the vats or baths.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a perspective view of a combined
bath or vat and cradle for pickling metal plates constructed according to my
Invention and illustrating a convenient method of carrying the same into effect.
a is the bath or vat; b, 6 are the trunnions one only of which is seen in the
view now being described; c, c are the standards in which the trunnions are free
to oscillate the said standards being bolted to any suitable bed-plate. The.
trunnions are preferably set a few inches from the centre; & is the cradle for
containing the metal plates to be pickled: e, e are rods by which the cradle is
connected to cross frame ff above, one arm f¹ of which projects somewhat beyond
one side of the bath; g, 9 are arms which slide in the forked guides c and assure
the frame ff having only a vertical motion from the cross frames which enter the
forks forming the upper portion of the standards c, c; these arms yg carry or are
provided with friction rollers to facilitate the ascent and descent of the arms gg
in the forks; h is a link suspended from the long arm of the cross frame bar f
having a hook or fork at its lower end to take into a loop or staple on the end of
the bath or vat a i is a chain tackle by which the cradle d and its connections are
suspended.
Figure 2 shows in side elevation partly in section and Figure 3 in plan a set of
vats or a machine arranged for pickling and swilling according to the well known

page_text: invention of " Hutchings Taylor and Struve" and as patented by them the
22nd November 1880 No. 4837 showing one arrangement of my present
improvements applied thereto.
Figures 5 and 6 shew in elevation and plan another arrangement; I have in
each case shewn two baths or vats with a triangular frame above for carrying or
for suspending therefrom three cradles the link h being in this case suspended
from the triangular arms It is not necessary bere to further describe the
construction of the vats and cradles this will be understood from the description
I have given of the same with reference to Figure 1 and in Figures 2, 3, 5 and 6
I have inarked similar parts with similar letters to those in Figure 1. The power
which I employ for raising and lowering the cradles is similar in principle to that
described by "Hutchings Taylor and Struvé" in the Specification of their patent
before referred to and illustrated at Figures 21 and 22 of the drawings accom-
panying that Specification but the arrangements which I adopt for applying the
power are different.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of a portion of the revolving head
and arms of the apparatus, only it is drawn on a larger scale than it is at Figure 2;
is the piston rod carrying counterbalance weight which should be regulated in
accordance with the weight of the cradle and appliances connected therewith;
m, m are the chains leading over guide pulleys on the arms n, n, n and down to
the cradles or frames supporting same and at the other end in connection as shown
with the plate o on the piston rod k; only two arms are shown in the side
elevation Figure 2 in order to make the drawing less complicated and thereby to
illustrate the parts more clearly; P, p are friction rollers under the arms and on
which they rest in order to facilitate the turning of the said arms; q is the cylinder
which must be made-of a length sufficient for the rise and fall of the cradles.clear
of the baths.
At Figures 2 and 3 I have shown the triangular beam arranged only to have a
swinging motion whereas at Figures 5 and 6 this beam is caused to rise and fall
with the piston rod; in other respects the action is similar in both arrangements.
-The action-of-the-apparatus is-as-follows-and-first-referring-specially-to-Figure-1--
where the cradle d is supposed to be shown at or near the upper part of the acid
contained in the bath, the trunnions b being placed say about three inches out of
the centre of the bath a the superior weight of the left hand side of the bath has
brought that side down and with it the bulk of the acid, as the cradle d is lowered
the arm g travels downwards through the forks c towards the trunnion 6 when the
long arm f' on the opposite end of the bath and tank a pressing in the loop or
staple at the side of the bath and the weight of the whole cradle and its contents
being thus placed on this end of the bath the same becomes immediately tilted and
the swill or rush of acid from the opposite side of the bath takes place. The
lifting of the cradle and frame removes the pressure and the weight of the vat or
bath causes the swill of acid to take place in the contrary direction, and this up
and down motion is continued so long as may be necessary when the cradle with
its contents is lifted by the chain tackle operated by the machinery described with
reference to Figures 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. When the cradle is raised to the required
height the triangular beam is turned till the cradle is with the plates brought
above the swilling bath into which it is lowered as described with reference to the
pickling bath where a similar operation to that described with reference to the
pickling bath is carried on; when raised from the swilling bath the plates are
removed from the cradles which are refilled ready for the aforesaid operation to be
repeated.
I do not limit myself to the mode or means described for raising and lowering
the cradles but although I prefer the arrangements of machinery described, other
arrangements might if preferred be adopted for example the cradles might be
raised and lowered by a crane worked by steam or hand or other power.
The vat or bath shewn at Figure 1 would work although not so effectively if

page_text: the trunnions were placed centrally. I prefer however to place thom on one side
or other of the centre or middle of the vat.
My invention further refers to additional means for causing a movement of the
liquid in the vats I employ a centrifugal or other pump injector or fan at one or
both ends or sides but preferably at one end only, and at or about the middle of
the vat I place a division plate or board or division plates or boards between
which the cradlo or cradles is or are passed motion being communicated to the
pump, fan or other contrivance. The liquid is caused to thoroughly circulate round
throughout the vat and to pass thoroughly through and between the materials to
be pickled; long and wide plates and tubes to be galvanized are particularly
suitable for treatment by the mode and means described. Tubes treated in this
way may for example be as long as the vat and treated, with as great ease and as
effectually as the shorter tubes and at a great saving of labour, time and cost
of acid.
The vats may be made of any convenient dimensions suitable for the work to be
carried out.
Figure 7 is a plan, Figure 8 is a longitudinal section and Figure 9 is a vertical
cross section of a bath, tank or vat constructed according to one of these arrange-
ments; a is the vat or tank for containing the acid or water as the case may be;
b shows the centrifugal pump which I prefer to employ although a rotary chain or
other pump injector or fan might be used; c is the division plate in the vat. The
cradle containing the wares to be.pickled is shown at Figure 9 in the vat and the
arrows in Figures 7 and 8 indicate the direction in which the liquid is caused to
circulate by means of the centrifugal pump before referred to.
Figure 10 is a longitudinal section and Figure 11 is a plan of a vat or tank
wherein the partition is dispensed with; a is the vat and b is the pump; in this
case it is placed outside the vat and at the end thereof; d is the pipe for conveying
the acid or water from the pump round to the opposite end of the vat where it
enters at № and is drawn into the pump again at d³ and in this way a circulation
of the liquor is continually maintained so long as may be necessary or so long as
the goods to be pickled or swilled remain in the vat or bath.
Figure 12 shows in plan two baths combined and arranged according to
my Invention suitable for carrying on the pickling and swilling operations
simultaneously; a is the pickling vat and a' is the swilling vat each fitted with
centrifugal pump as before described for causing the circulation of the liquor.
The two pumps are driven from one shaft d by means of the gearing shown.
A reciprocating pump may be in some cases employed.
The cradles containing the goods to be pickled are raised and lowered to and
from the baths in any convenient way or by either of the apparatus before
described in the foregoing part of this Specification.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim :
First: In machinery or apparatus for heating, pickling and swilling metal goods
and metal wares the communicating to the baths vessels or vats containing the
acid or other pickling liquor or swilling material of an oscillating or rocking
motion in and by the up and down motion or movement of the cradles containing
the goods or wares to be pickled or swilled the said combined motions of the baths
and cradles producing the requisite agitation of the acid or other liquor or water in
the said baths or vats.
Second: The combined arrangement or construction of machinery for com-
municating simultaneously an oscillating motion to the baths or vats and an up and
down motion to the cradles from one engine or ram all combined and acting
substantially as and for the purposes set forth together with any mere modifications
thereof.
Third: The employment in combination with vats or baths containing goods or
wares to be pickled and swilled, of centrifugal or other pumps, injectors, fans or

page_text: other suitable contrivance so arranged combined and operating as to produce a
circulation of the liquid in the said vat or bath all substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said Henry Francis Taylor have hereunto set
my hand and seal this Twentyfirst day of October in the year of our
Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty two: