IMPROVEMENTS IN WADDAWG
Year: 1882

page_text: · LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Clarke, of Stevenage, in the County of Hertford,
Agricultural Engineer and Machinist for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WADDAWG "
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Clarke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st October 1882.
ARTHUR CLARKE, of Stevenage, in the County of Hertford, Agricultural Engineer
and Machinist, "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARROWS."
This Invention relates to improvements in harrows and comprises a novel mode
of constructing the bars of the frame to receive the heads of the tines.
The longitudinal bars of the frame of the harrow may be of any suitable section;.
but the novel and peculiar feature of the construction of the harrow consists in so
forming the said bars as to provide them with recesses to receive the heads of the
tines. The tines are formed of iron or steel and their heads are of proper width
and thickness to lie within the said 'recesses in such a manner that the sides of the
latter will keep the tine from being displaced by the strain thereon when the
harrow is being used. Moreover these recesses afford the means of obtaining a
very strong and durable connection of the tines to the frame with a cheap form
of tine
t
To secure the tines in the said recesses I employ transverse bolts which pass
through holes in the said longitudinal bars, through the heads of the tines (which
are also perforated) and through tubular stretchers or distance pieces; which I
place between the said bars, the said bolts being secured upon the outside of the
frame by nuts or other suitable means. These tubular stretchers or distance pieces
are preferably arranged between the tines on each transverse bolt in such a manner
that when the said bolt is tightened it will draw the tines firmly into the recesses.
I sometimes secure each tine in its recess by a short screw bolt and nut in which
case the tubular stretchers or distance pieces and the aforesaid long transverse
bolts are arranged to secure the longitudinal bars at suitable distances apart between
the tines.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Arthur Clarke in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st April
1883.
ARTHUR CLARKE, of Stevenage, in the County of Hertford, Agricultural
Engineer and Machinist IMPROVEMENTS IN HARROWS
"
My invention relates to improvements in harrows, and its object is to provide
means whereby the tines may be secured to the longitudinal bars of the frame in a
simple and efficient manner.
F
In constructing a harrow according to my invention, the said longitudinal bars
of the frame may be made of any suitable section and either straight or of zig-zag
form, but the novel and peculiar feature of the construction of the harrow consists in
so forming the said bars as to provide them with recesses to receive the heads of
the tines. The tines are formed of iron or steel and the heads are made of the
proper width and thickness to lie within the said recesses in such a manner that
the sides of the latter will keep the tine from being displaced by the strain thereon
when the harrow is being used. Moreover, these recesses afford the means of
obtaining a very strong and desirable connection of the tines with the frame,
(no shoulders being required upon the tine), and enable a cheap form of tine to
be used.
To secure the tines in the said recesses, I usually employ long transverse bolts
which pass through holes in the said longitudinal bars, through the heads of the
tines (which are perforated) and through tubular stretchers or distance pieces,
which I place between the said bars, the said bolts being secured upon the outside
of the frame by nuts or other suitable means. These tubular stretchers or distance
pieces are preferably arranged with the tines on each transverse bolt in such a
manner that when the said bolt is tightened it will draw the tines firmly into.the
recesses. I sometimes secure each tine in its recess by a short screw-bolt and nut,
in which case the tubular stretchers or distance pieces, and the aforesaid long
transverse bolts, are arranged to secure the longitudinal bars at suitable distances
apart between the tines.
In the accompanying drawing I have shown in what manner my said invention
may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and
Figure 2 is a plan of my improved harrow.
Figure 3 is a plan showing a modification thereof.
Figures 4 to 7 are plans showing different forms of recesses and tines.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the drawing.
In Figures 1 and 2, a, a represent the longitudinal bars, which are formed with
recesses a¹ to receive the tines b, c, c, are the transverse bolts which connect the said
bars and also serve to secure the tines, and which are provided with nuts c¹. d, d
are the tubular stretchers or distance pieces for retaining the said bars at suitable
distances apart and holding the tines 6 rigidly in the recesses a¹.
In Figure 3, a represents a part of one of the longitudinal bars; b is the tine,
and e is a short bolt provided with a nut e¹ for securing the tine in the recess a¹.
I may form the said recesses in various manners, for instance, as shown in
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7. and I may make the tines of any suitable shape, such as
round, as shown in Figure 6, or triangular as shown in Figure 7. In the latter
case, the tine may be wedge-shaped and be secured without a bolt.
It is obvious that, although I have described my invention particularly as
applied to a harrow, it may be readily applied to similar implements, such as
scarifiers or scufflers.

page_text: Having thus fully described my said invention, and the manner of performing
the same,
I wish it understood that I claim :-
The above described improvements in harrows, the essential feature of which
improvements consists in forming the longitudinal bars of the frame with recesses
to receive the tines, substantially as, and for the purposes, set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said Arthur Clarke have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Eighteenth day of April in the year of Our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
ARTHUR CLARKE (L.S.)