Improvements in Outer Covers for the Tyres of Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Outer Covers for the Tyres of Vehicles.
We, PAUL GILLY. of 14, Rue des Panoyaux, and CLAUDE LEON PLANCHE, of
83, Rue Vielle du Temple, both of Paris, in the Republic of France, Merchants,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
Our invention relates to the application of "card" coverings or carding cloth
to the covers of the tyres of the wheels of motor vehicles, cycles and generally
to all vehicles whether provided with wheels having pneumatic or other tyres.
Our invention consists essentially in furnishing, with a card-clothing having
fine, short and resisting points or teeth the tyres of wheel for motor road vehicles
velocipedes and generally any vehicle having pneumatic tyres or not.
The aspect presented by a tyre thus furnished with teeth is similar to that
presented by the carding drum of a carding engine and it is on this account that
the subject of our invention may be termed the application of carding cloth
to wheel tyres."
These card coverings, when they are applied to the driving wheels of motor
vehicles, and to the wheels of cycles and so forth, serve to afford to these wheels,
at their point of contact with the ground, a bearing surface of great resistance,
the contact taking place upon a large number of points, all of which penetrate
more or less deeply into the ground and offer an energetic resistance to slip.
When these card coverings are applied to pneumatic or elastic tyres, either
hollow or solid, they also serve to effectually protect the air chamber of the tyre
against wear and puncture, the points of the card as a whole forming a kind of
impenetrable metal armour, which, without depriving the tyre of any of its
elasticity, absolutely isolates it from contact with the ground and thus protects
it from being punctured. torn or otherwise injured by sharp or pointed objects.
Considered as a protecting part, our card covering is equally well applicable
to the driving as also to the running wheels of vehicles.
The covering is arranged upon the whole of the circumference of the tyre,
but in the transverse direction it may occupy either the whole or a portion only

page_text: of the width of the outer cover. It may be fitted upon the cover, and be fixed
thereto by cementing, sewing, metal fastenings or in any other suitable manner;
it may also form one piece with the outer cover or it may itself entirely constitute
this outer cover.
We reserve the right to employ, in the application of our invention, card
coverings constituted by a fabric of any kind, by a rubber-treated fabric, by
india rubber, upon which the card teeth are fixed by any known menus, these
teeth being either straight, bent, hooked or curved according to circumstances.
In the accompanying drawing we have represented, by way of example, a cycle
wheel tyre, the cover of which is provided with a
card covering.
Figure is a longitudinal section through a tyre provided with hooked card
points.
Figure 2 is a cross-section through the same.
Figures 3 and 4 represent longitudinal and cross-sections respectively of a
covering provided with straight card points and
Figures 6 and 6 represent longitudinal and cross-sections respectively of
another form of cover provided with straight card points.
In the first form of execution of our invention, represented in Figures 1 and 2.
the card points are fixed in the thickness of the cover b. They are represented
as being hooked siaped. in form, and in this ease they should be inclined in the
direction in which it is intended that the wheel should rotate. They may be
either straight as shown in Figures 3 to 6 or curved, but in either case they are
preferably slightly inclined in the same direction, that is to say, in the direction
of rotation.
In Figures 3 and 4 are shewn card points o having straight arms, formed of
metal wires bent U-shaped; they traverse a portion of the thickness of the cover,
which is formed of several rubber-treated sheets and of an inner sheet of india
rubber. The card o hear against a rubber-treated sheet y which is stuck upon
the internal surface.
The cover represented in Figures 5 and 6 differs from the form which has just
been described, owing to the addition of a sheet of india rubber & to the external
face of the cover, whilst the inner sheet of india rubber is dispensed with. The
external sheet à may extend upon each side of the band for a width sufficient to
enable it to be stuck upon the outer cover of a pneumatic tyre or even to cover
the same entirely.
We reserve the right to employ any suitable substance for the backing of the
card points, and to make them of any form and dimensions adapted for the
purpose in view.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The application of card coverings to the tyres of wheels of motor vehicles,
cycles and other vehicles, for the purpose of providing a bearing surface of great
resistance for the driving wheels of these vehicles and also to efficiently protect
the tyres of wheels, whether driving wheels or not, against punctures and wear,
substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
drawing.
2. A cover for the tyres of wheels, comprising in combination, one or more
layers of superposed india rubber and rubber-treated sheets and card points
arranged in close proximity one to the other. implanted and fixed in a suitable
manner upon the said sheets of indin rubber and fabric.
3. A cover for the tyres of wheels comprising in combination, an outer cover
and card points either radially or obliquely directed and implanted in the whole
or a portion of the surface of this cover.
4. A pneumatic wheel tyre comprising in combination an outer cover formed
by a covering or card in accordance with Claims 2 and 3. and an air chamber.

page_text: 5. A pneumatic wheel tyre comprising in combination, an ordinary rubber
treated outer cover, an air chamber and a covering of card, in accordance with
Claims 2 and 3, fitted and stuck upon the said outer cover.
6. A wheel tyre comprising in combination, a tyre of any kind, either pneumatic
or not, and a covering of card fitted and fixed upon the bearing surface or tread
of the said tyre.
Dated this 1st day of 1800.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.