Improvements in Bunsen Burners.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1897-Accepted, 15th May. 1997
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bunsen Burners.
We, AUGUSTE LECOMTE, of 23 Boulevard Montparnasse, Civil Engineer, and
ISIDORE LOESER, of 146 Boulevard Magenta, Merchant, both of Paris, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a construction of Bunsen burner working
with gas at very low pressure and effecting an economy in the consumption of gas
and capable of being placed below any of the galleries of incandescing gas
burners.
It is well known that a burner is more economical in proportion as it consumes
the gas at a lower pressure. With low pressure burners gas delivery regulators
or rheometers can also be employed and burners made to work upon all branch
pipes even when the diameter of the tubes is inanfficient and the pressure very
variable.
Attempts have been made to construct burners working under these conditions
and complete burners have been made comprising Bunsen and gallory; one of
these burners can work under the ordinary galleries, which are generally of much
too small a diameter at the base.
Our construction of low pressure Bunsen burner works with 10 millimeters of
water pressure under any of the galleries in use without any modification and
realises an economy of about 30 per cent. on the consumption, producing the same
luminous intensity, or an increase of light of about 30 per cent. when consuming the
same amount.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood, we will describe the
same by the aid of the accompanying drawings, which represent examples of our
improved burner, and in which :-
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a low pressure Buusen burner for a gallery
of ordinary form.
Fig. 2 represents the same burner mounted below a gallery of ordinary
form.
Fig. 3 represents a section of our low pressure Bunsen burner for a small
gallery, and
Fig. 4 represents to a reduced scale our Bunsen burner mounted below a gallery
with a large mixing chamber.
In all the figures like letters of reference indicate similar parts.
a represents the ejector, b the first converging cone, c the second converging
cone carrying the inlet tube below the gallery, d the perforated body of the Bunsen
burner, e the upper part of the regulator or rheometer, the lower part of the
latter and g the valve.
The results which we have above mentioned are only obtained on the express
condition that the angles of expansion of the gas and of entry of the air be well
observed.
In this low pressure buruer the gas expands at an angle of about 15°; this
angle is regulated by the height of the first converging coue b, which is
also terminated by an angle of about 15 to 17°; the cone c is placed in such
manner that the angle of expansion of the gas leaving the converging cone 6 shall

page_text: reach the commencement of the cylindrical part of the secon 1 converging cone o,
the sides of the which are made at an angle from 7 to 9 times larger than that of
the cone b.
The ejector a gives the best result when the gas outlet aporture is made or coned
to an angle of about 30°.
With a hole in the ejector of 1.5 millimeters in diameter, gas can be utilised at
a pressure of only 8 millimeters of water, and under an incandescing in intel of
7 centimeters in height, a light of 70 candle power can be obtained with a
consumption of 85 to 90 litres of gas per hour.
That which characterises our economic low pressure Bunsen burner is that it
can be placed bolow the galleries of any incandescence gas burners enabling them
to burn with gas at almost no pressure, at the same time obtaining, by the
arrangement of cones of very different angles, the more open being placed above,
a very good mixture of air and gas which permits of obtaining, under any gallery,
the same light with a consumption of gas about 30 per cent. less, or else, with
rather tall incandescing mantles (say 7 to 8 centimeters in height), a light
30 per cent. stronger with the usual consumption of gas.
Our Bunsen burner can be employed with or without a supply regulator
(rheometer); if a stronger pressure of gas is employed than that above
indicated, it is sufficient to place the cones for the expansion of the gas closer
together.
Under the small gallery, the Bunsen burner shown at Fig. 3 is employel, which
is constructed on the same principles but of smaller dimensions.
The Bunsen burner shown at Fig. 1, mounted under a gallery having a large
mixing chamber as represented at Fig. 4, permits of obtaining great luminous
intensity, by proportionately increasing the consumption of gas, but always with
relatively small gas pressures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the unture of our said inven-
tion, and in what mauuer the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a Bunsen burner capable of being used under the galleries of incandescing
burners arranged more especially to work with very low gas pressure, the
combination of an ejector a having a single central hole of conical form forming an
angle of about 30°, with two converging cones and arranged one above the
other and having different angles, the lower cone & baving an angle about equal
to the angle at which the gas expands and the upper cone chaving an angle
considerably greater, preferably about seven to nine times greater, than the angle
of the lower cone, the whole arranged substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated.
2. The improvements in Bunsen burners substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 1st day of Avril 1897.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.