IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE BORING AND WINDING ENGINES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Andrew Barclay, of Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, North Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCOMOTIVE BORING AND WINDING ENGINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Andrew Barclay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th March 1863.
I, ANDREW BARCLAY, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE BORING AND WINDING ENGINES," to be as follows, that is
to say:-
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of boring and
winding engines, which are also arranged to be self-propelling. Under one
modification the boiler of the engine forms the framing, or it may be carried
on a rectangular framing in the ordinary way. The boiler is of the horizontal
tubular class, and on the upper part is arranged a pair of standards, which
carry a horizontal shaft forming the axis of a beam; one end of this beam is
connected to the piston rods of a pair of vertical cylinders placed on the upper
part of the boiler at one end; the other end of the beam overhangs the end
of the engine, and to this free extremity are attached the boring rods and tool.
A horizontal cylinder is arranged parallel with the boiler on each side; the
piston rods of these cylinders are connected to a crank shaft extending across

page_text: the boiler. A pinion on the crank shaft drives a spur wheel on a shaft fitted
between the beam standards and carrying the winding barrel; this pinion
slides to and fro on a feather, so that the winding barrel may be readily
thrown into or out of gear by means of a coupling and band lever. The
crank shaft also carries a pinion or spur wheel at each end, which gears with
an annular wheel formed inside each of the main or driving wheels of the
engine, so that by putting these pinions into gear with the bearing wheels the
engine becomes a traction engine. The engine is guided from the rear by
means of a hand wheel arranged on a horizontal shaft extending beneath the
boiler; this shaft carries at its extremity a worm, which gears with a worm
wheel connected by a central T-shaped connecting piece to the axle of the
trailing wheels. The details of the engine may be variously arranged, the
winding barrels may be fitted at either end of the engine, and, if preferred,
arranged lower down; the funnel may also be fitted to serve as the standard
for carrying the overhanging beam.
Another mode of fitting this engine is to drive the crank shaft from a pair
of right-angled cylinders arranged at the side of the framing. The boiler is
preferred to be of the vertical class, and the funnel serving as the beam
standard. A pinion on the crank shaft gives motion to the winding barrel,
and on the same shaft are pinions for driving the bearing wheels. This engine
is guided by a hand wheel and worm arrangement for turning the leading
wheels. These improvements greatly extend the utility of engines adapted for
boring, winding, and other generally similar purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Andrew Barclay in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANDREW
BARCLAY, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Andrew Barclay, Her special license that I, the said Andrew
Barclay, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
sai Andrew Barclay, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should nt

page_text: any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE BORING AND WINDING ENGINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Andrew Barclay, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, or under the
hand and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Andrew Barclay, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of boring
and winding engines, which are also arranged to be self-propelling. Under
one modification the boiler of the engine forms the framing, or it may be
carried on a rectangular framing in the ordinary way. The boiler is of the
horizontal tubular class, and on the upper part is arranged a pair of standards,
which carry a horizontal shaft forming the axis of a beam; one end of this
beam is connected to the piston rods of a pair of vertical cylinders placed on
the upper part of the boiler at one end. The other end of the beam over-
hangs the end of the engine, and to this free extremity are attached the
boring rods and tool. A horizontal cylinder is arranged parallel with the
boiler on each side; the piston rods of these cylinders are connected to a crank
shaft extending across the boiler. A pinion on the crank shaft drives a spur
wheel on a shaft fitted between the beam standards and carrying the winding
barrel; this pinion slides to and fro on a feather, so that the winding barrel
may be readily thrown into or out of gear by means of a coupling and hand
lever. The crank shaft also carries a pinion or spur wheel at each end, which
gears with an annular wheel formed inside each of the main or driving wheels
of the engine, so that by putting these pinnions into gear with the bearing
wheels the engine becomes a traction engine. The engine is guided from the
rear by means of a hand wheel arranged on a horizontal shaft extending
beneath the boiler; this shaft carries at its extremity a worm, which gears
with a worm wheel connected by a central T-shaped connecting piece to the

page_text: axle of the trailing wheels. The details of the engine may be variously
arranged, the winding barrels may be fitted at either end of the engine, and,
if preferred, arranged lower down; the funnel may also be fitted to serve as
the standard for carrying the overhanging beam.
Another mode of fitting this engine is to drive the crank shaft from a pair
of right-angled cylinders arranged at the side of the framing. The boiler is
preferred to be of the vertical class, and the funnel serving as the beam
standard. A pinion on the crank shaft gives motion to the winding barrel,
and on the same shaft are pinions for driving the bearing wheels. This engine
is guided by a hand wheel and worm arrangement for turning the leading
wheels. These improvements greatly extend the utility of engines adapted for
boring, winding, and other generally similar purposes.
And in order that my said Invention of "Improvements in Locomotive
Boring and Winding Engines may be properly understood, I shall now
proceed to describe the several Figures on the explanatory Sheets of Drawings,
which I have hereunto appended for the purpose of showing certain modi-
fications under which my improvements may be judiciously carried out in
practice, that is to say:-
Figure 1 on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation of
one modification of locomotive or portable self-propelling boring and winding
engine, as constructed in accordance with the first part of my said Invention,
in which the boiler, which is of the horizontal and tubular class, forms the
framing of the whole machine.
Figure 1 on Sheet 2 is a side elevation of another modification or arrange-
ment of a similar machine, in which the boiler is of the vertical tubular class,
the whole machine being carried or mounted on a rectangular frame or
carriage; Figure 2 on the same Sheet is a plan of the same, corresponding
to Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a side elevation of one end of the working
beam or lever, drawn to a smaller scale than in the other Figures, and
showing one arrangement of the mechanism for turning the shackle link or
spindle and the boring rods, which it connects to the beam; and also the
construction of the buffer arrangement or elastic coupling introduced between
the two parts of the said shackle or spindle for the purpose of regulating the
force of the blow or concussion of the boring rods in their action.
The first part of my Invention consists in arranging and combining a steam
boring and winding engine, as represented in side elevation in Figure 1 on
Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings.
The boiler A is of the horizontal tubular class, and in this modification
forms the framing upon which the winding and boring cylinders are mounted.

page_text: The two vertical cylinders B and C actuate the boring rods through the inter-
vention of the working beam D. The cylinder C is merely a balance cylinder,
upon the piston of which the steam direct from the boiler acts only on the
upper side, the lower side being always in communication with the atmosphere,
so that the area of the piston being constant, the steam pressure in the boiler
must be increased in proportion to the increased weight of the boring rods.
The actuating cylinder B is constructed with a small piston slide valve, similar
to those used for steam hammers. This slide valve is wrought by an adjust-
able valve gear, wrought by a tappet rod from the working beam D, or any
other reciprocating part in connection with the boring gear, similar to that
shown in Figure 1 Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings. These cylinders
B and C are shown as fitted with small trunks, so as to admit of the oscil-
latory motion of their connecting rods E, F, but they may be made similar to
those shown in Figure 1 on Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings, wherein
a long stuffing box serves as the slides for the slight angular strain caused by
the radiation of the working beam. In some cases, such as when the cylinder
or cylinders are made double-acting, slides may be employed to guide the
vertical motion of the piston rod, or any of the well-known parallel motions,
but with single-acting cylinders I find no necessity for either. These cylinders
B and C are bolted on to the shell of the boiler A, and may in some cases
extend within the steam space, as shown in dotted lines in the Figure on
Sheet 1. The working beam D is supported by two standards G, G, which
also carry the winding gear. Instead of the two standards G, the working
beam may be carried on the funnel, as shown in Figure 1 on Sheet 2, but the
curved end of the beam in that case would be reversed over the steering end
of the engine, or "end for end," leaving sufficient room between the machinery
and the boring rods for the attendant. The cylinders H for working the
winding mechanism are mounted horizontally on each side of the funnel, but
they may be at an angle, if preferred, their connecting rods passing on and
actuating the double-cranked shaft I, working in bearings formed in the
standards G; this shaft being prolonged sufficiently so as to carry the two
pinions J one on each end in gear with the main driving wheels K. When
the engine is used as a traction engine, or for driving itself from place to place,
these pinions J are in gear with their respective driving wheels K, and the
smaller wheels L, which are the guide wheels, may be either trailing or leading
wheels, actuated by means of a hand wheel M, keyed on to the shaft of an
endless screw wheel arrangement, which turns the pinion N in any direction
to suit the curves of the road. This pinion N gears with a spur wheel O
forming the fore carriage, and between two snugs formed on the lower side of

page_text: this wheel O the axle P is pivoted or hinged, so that it may angle to meet
the inequalities of the road vertically, but can only move horizontally when the
attendant turns the hand wheel M for steering the machine as desired. When
the cylinders Hand shaft I are used for winding the boring rods or clearing
pumps, the pinions J are slid along the shaft out of gear with the driving
wheels K, and at the same time a pinion somewhat similar is
put in
gear with
a wheel Q, as shown in dotted lines on Sheet 1, keyed on to the middle of the
drum shaft R, similar to that shown more clearly in Figure 1 on Sheet 2, so
that the horizontal engine may now drive either of the winding barrels or
drums by merely changing their respective clutch couplings.
In the second part of this Invention an upright boiler A, Figures 1 and 2
on Sheet 2, is employed, and A¹ is supported on the rectangular framing of the
carriage; near one end of this framing a sole plate is bolted for carrying the
boring cylinders B and C; these cylinders serve the same purpose as those
described and indicated by the same letters of reference in the Figure on
Sheet 1 of the first modification, but instead of the small trunks a thick piston
rod working in a long stuffing box is the only guide for the slight angular
motion of the connecting rods E. and F between the working beam D and the
piston rods of their respective cylinders. The working beam in this modifi-
cation is supported on the funnel G by means of a gland resting on a shoulder
formed on the funnel, so that at any time the working beam may be lifted up
off the funnel on disconnecting the rods E and F. Although straight cylinders
are preferred for actuating the boring rods, still semi-rotatory or other cylinders
of a similar class may be substituted in lieu of these, and serve nearly the
same purpose. The valve gear for regulating the motion of the actuating
boring cylinder B consists of a tappet rod S, wrought with the motion of the
beam D. On the rocking shaft T a bell crank U is formed, and one exactly
similar lower down on the cylinder carries a T-shaped bar with an adjustable
screw V and sliding tappet W. The bell cranks U are connected together by
a rod X, so that when the tappet rod S strikes the tappets W, w, on the
T-shaped bar Z, a horizontal motion to the extent of the slide valve's traverse
is the result. When it is desired to shorten or lengthen the stroke of the
boring rods and piston of the cylinder B, the attendant has merely to turn the
band wheel Y in the required direction, so as to bring the tappets W, w,
either closer to or further from each other, which will give the required stroke.
The winding engines in this modification are of the right-angled class, and
have the connecting rods from both cylinders H acting direct upon one over-
hung crank pin, forged in a piece with its own crank shaft I. On the other
end of this shaft L a pinion J is keyed, and when in gear with the driving

page_text: wheel K', both driving wheels K and K' being keyed upon the same axle, it
follows that both wheels are simultaneously driven through the pinion J. The
smaller guide wheels L and steering gear are arranged similar to those already
described in the former modification in reference to the Figure on Sheet 1,
and indicated by the same letters of reference in this modification in Figures 1
and 2 on Sheet 2. The wheel Q, which is keyed on the centre of the winding
barrel shaft R, is driven by a pinion Q¹ keyed on the centre of the crank
shaft I, but only used for winding when the other driving pinion J is slid out
of gear with the driving wheel K', as shown in the plan Figure 2 on Sheet 2.
In this position of the pinion J, when the winding mechanism is in use, a
frame with two or more pulleys, similar to those ordinarily used, termed "pit-
head frames," is required of a height and strength sufficient to support the
greatest weight of the rods. Over the pulleys at the top of this frame the
chains or wire ropes are passed on to the winding barrels b, and these barrels
or drums may be constructed so that the ascending chain or rope partly
balances the descending rope or chain, exactly similar to other ordinary
winding engines. The couplings for disconnecting the separate drums or
barrels b, which are loose on the shaft, are put into gear by the handles c, on
the outside of the standards which carry the crank and drum shafts. The
drum shaft R is in this instance hollow, and the rods a for actuating the
sliding couplings work or slide without it, the coupling being arranged at the
inner ends of the drums b, near the wheel Q. In boring with this engine
the intermittent rotatory movements of the boring rods are effected by means
of the bevel gear and ratchet wheel arrangement shown in Figure 3 on
Sheet 2. The ratchet wheel d at each stroke comes in contact with a fixed
pall or palls attached to the side of the boiler A, and causes it to turn the
extent of one or more teeth, and transmit the partial revolution to the boring
rods through the intervention of the bevel wheels f and g. A common ricket
or ratchet brace may also be employed, fitted so that at each stroke of the
boring cylinder and rods a connecting link may oscillate on a fixed centre and
actuate the reciprocating ratchet, and thereby turn the boring rods as far as
desired. When working in hard mineral the stroke of the boring tool causes
a vibration through the whole machine, but to obviate this vibration I intro-
duce an india-rubber cushion in the connecting link between the boring bars
and the beam, somewhat similar in principle to that of an ordinary railway
buffer, and place india-rubber on both sides of the cushion piston h, as shown
in Figure 3 on. Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried

page_text: into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First, the application, employment, and use of a working beam, bell crank,
or lever, coupled direct between the boring cylinders and boring rods in port-
able or locomotive boring and winding machinery, as herein-before described.
Second, the system or mode of balancing the boring rods by means of a
special cylinder and piston acted upon by steam, air, or other aeriform fluid in
boring and winding machines, as herein-before described.
Third, the combining of two or more steam cylinders acting in a horizontal,
vertical, angular, or curved direction, for driving the winding mechanism in
boring and winding machines, as herein-before described.
Fourth, the arrangement and construction of locomotive or self-propelling
boring and winding machines or engines, as herein-before described.
Fifth, the system or mode of turning round the boring rods and tools auto-
matically by means of a mechanical arrangement connected with any recipro-
cating part of the working gear in boring and winding machines, as herein-
before described.
Sixth, the use of an india-rubber cushion or other spring connection between
any of the working parts of the boring engine and the boring rods, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Barclay, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.