IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Fitz-Gerald Wintour, of Norfolk Street,
Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Fitz-Gerald
Wintour at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 7th June 1873.
I, THOMAS FITZ-GERALD WINTOUR, of Norfolk Street, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to simple and effective improvements in
ventilators which (or some of which) may be applied and used in all
places where ventilation is required or desired.
The Invention comprises various modifications in the construction of
ventilators to suit the various situations they may be required for.
According to one modification I fit or insert in a window frame a
plate, by preference of metal, with a circular aperture or hole therein.

page_text: This plate is made double at its lower part so as to fit on the edge of
part of the pane of glass which has been left in the frame for this
purpose, and it is secured by a bent or flanged part at its top which fits
in or is secured by screws or otherwise to the sash frame. Within this
aperture is placed a cylindrical case with a wire gauze circumference, 5
and with glass or metal at one or both ends, one of which ends is capable
of being removed or made to open. The glasses are held in their places
between brass or copper wires.
In some cases a portion or the whole of the outside wire gauze has
a metal covering or hood, or it is made to work in a metal or other 10
shield of various shapes and otherwise varied according to requirements,
its action in all cases being to expel foul air or carbon, and admit fresh
air simultaneously and imperceptibly at the sides, thus ensuring perfect
ventilation without draught or the entrance of dust or insects.
The case may be made of various shapes and sizes, and it can be shut 18
up or opened at pleasure. This construction of ventilator can also be
fitted in the ceiling or other parts of rooms where gas is used, and in
connection or not with the gasaliers.
According to a second modification I construct the ventilator mainly
as above, the principal difference being that it is formed in two parts 20
placed one within the other so as to draw out or in like a telescope, and
this construction will be found very suitable for use in carriages, in
cabins of vessels, or in tents or other camp apartments.
According to a third modification I substitute a metal framework
holding wire gauze or wirework placed angularly, for example like the 2
letter W, the back angle being glazed and the front provided with a
sliding glazed door which works up and down, or the door may be made
a fixture and only partly cover the front. In the case of the door being
movable it may be moved so as to regulate the admission of air from the
interior by the employment of a cord.
According to a fourth modification I glaze the back angle and the
lower front angle and thus prevent the draught, but still allow of an
ample supply of air to the rooms or place..
3
Another modification or application of the Invention is adapted to the
windows of churches, halls, or such like places, the upper pane or portion 3
of which can be pulled inwards by means of a cord. In this modification

page_text: I attach or secure a wire gauze hood over the movable part and provide
it with wire gauze sides, thus excluding draughts and diverting the
incoming air.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Fitz-Gerald Wintour in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 6th December 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
FITZ-GERALD WINTOUR, of Norfolk Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Thomas Fitz-Gerald Wintour, Her special
licence that I, the said Thomas Fitz-Gerald Wintour, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Fitz-
Gerald Wintour, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Thomas Fitz-Gerald Wintour, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Fitz-Gerald Wintour, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement in writing, and on reference being
had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to say :—
This Invention relates to simple and effective improvements in the

page_text: construction of ventilators, and comprises various modifications specially
adaptable to the different situations for which they may be required.
According to one mode of carrying my Invention into practical effect
and which is illustrated on the accompanying Drawings in fron
elevation in Figure 1, and in side elevation in Figure 2, I remove from
the sash frame 1 the upper portion (or part thereof) of any one of its
panes of glass 2, and fit or place on the upper cut edge of that portion
of the glass left in the sash frame a metal plate 3 (made of any required
shape, and with a central hole or aperture 4), fitting the same on the
said edge by forming its lower portion double as a clip 5, and retaining
it in position in the frame 1 by a bent or flanged part 6 at its top which
fits in or is suitably secured to the frame 1 by screws 7 or any other
suitable means. Within the aperture or hole 4 I place a ventilating
cylindrical case 8 with a fine wire gauze or finely perforated metal cir-
cumference, and with glass or metal ends 9 (thus forming a kind of
drum), the outer or inner end being made capable of being removed or
of being opened, in the latter case either turning on hinges in the
manner of a door or turning on centres 10 in the manner of a swing
glass (see Figure 2). This cylinder may also be used without a frame if
desired. The glasses or metal ends 9 are held in position in the
ventilating case 8 by or between wires 11 of brass or copper which are
contained within rims 12 (see sectional clovation Figure 3). This mode
of retaining the glasses in position is applicable to window or other glass
frames in general of wood or metal.
By the construction above described it will be seen that the ventilating
case 8 is capable of being withdrawn entirely, excepting its outer end 9
within the room, or of being equally as much pushed outwards from the
room or of being placed at any intermediate point, in which latter case
its interior is in communication both with the interior of the room and
with the exterior air, thus causing the desired effect as an outlet and
inlet ventilator, or when the case 8 is pulled most inwards by opening
the outside or swing glass the same results will be attained, the interior
of the case 8 being then in communication through its circumference
with the interior of the room and through its opened end with the
exterior air.
(In some cases a portion of the outside wire gauze has a metal

page_text: in a metal or other shield of various shapes, and otherwise varied
according to requirements, its action in all cases being to expel foul air
imperceptibly at the sides, thus ensuring perfect ventilation without
draught or the entrance of dust or insects).
The case 8 may be made of any required shape or size, and if required
may be made a fixture in the plate 3 in any desired position.
In applying this construction of ventilator to the ceiling or other
parts of rooms where gas is used metal ends are fitted to the ventilating
case which may be in one or two parts, and with a hood or otherwise,
and if in connection with the gasalier the latter is passed through the
body of the case.
According to another modification which is illustrated on the accom-
panying Drawings in side elevation in Figure 4, I construct the
ventilator in much the same manner as above described, but form it of
two parts 8, 8*, which I place one within the other so as to draw out or
in like a telescope; or in lieu thereof I place the parts separately one on
either side of the plate 3, or an equivalent partition.
To prevent the parts of the telescopic arrangement being pulled
asunder I make a slot or slit 13 in the circumference of either part 8
or 8*, and fix a pin or projection 14 in the other part which slides in the
said slot. This construction of ventilator is very suitable for use in
carriages, cabins of vessels, or in tents or other camp apartments.
According to a third modification which is illustrated on the accom-
panying Drawings in front elevation in Figure 5, and in side section in
Figure 6, I construct the ventilator of a metal framework 15 holding
fine wire gauze 8 (or wirework, or finely perforated metal) placed
angularly in the manner of the letter W, see Figure 6. I enclose the
single back angle with a sheet of glass 16, and provide the two front
angles with a sliding glazed front or door 17 which is made capable of
being raised and lowered vertically in the frame 15 by cords 18 passing
round pullies 19 held by brackets 20 at the upper part of the frame 15.
The wirework 8 is held in position by light cross rods 21. With this
construction of ventilator the cool air enters the front angle at its back,
but as this is enclosed by the door 17 it enters the back angle which is
likewise enclosed by the sheet of glass 16, and passes therefrom into the
room on entering the top front angle, whilst the foul air from the room
passes out through the top of the top front angle when the door is

page_text: lowered so as to enclose only the lower front angle, as indicated by the
arrows in Figure 6.
The remarks in the preceding paragraph apply equally to a fourth
modification which is illustrated on the accompanying Drawings in front
elevation in Figure 7, and in side section in Figure 8, and in which I ŏ
glaze both the back angle and the lower front angle.
Figures 9 and 10 which are respectively a front elevation and a side
clevation illustrate a further application of the Invention to the windows
of churches, halls, or such like places of which the upper pane or
portion 22 can be pulled inwards by a cord. In this application I apply
and secure a fine wire gauze or wirework or a finely perforated metal
hood 8 over the said movable part 22, and provide the said hood with
sides 8 of a similar material.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or 1
may be carried into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that I
claim as my Invention the peculiar construction and general arrange-
ment of the improved ventilators (together with their employment for
the purposes stated), substantially as herein-before described and as
illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, or any equivalent
variation or modification thereof, made and operating in a similar
manner.
I
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Fitz-Gerald Wintour, havo
horonto cot my hand and sool this Third day of December. in