IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS."
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Henry Still and Denny Lanc, both of
the City of Cork, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF GAS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Henry Still
and Denny Lane at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 24th June 1869.
We, ALFRED HENRY STILL and DENNY LANE, both of the City of
Cork, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of gas. We mix in a pug mill or otherwise coal tar with small coal,
or with a mixture of small coal and breeze. We then pass the whole
mixture under heavy edge runners or through crushing rollers until all
the ingredients are thoroughly incorporated and ground together. This
mixture so ground is placed cither by itself or mixed with ordinary coal

page_text: in the retorts to be carbonized, and two advantages are gained, 1st, tho
illuminating power of the gas is considerably increased; and 2ndly, the
breeze or small coke, which is a comparatively worthless material, is
converted into good large coke, the particles being cemented together
by the pitch of the coal tar which remains in the retorts. We employ
about 30 gallons of tar to evory ton of coal and breeze mixed therewith,
and the proportion of mixed material added to ordinary coal depends
upon the extent to which it is desirable to increase the illuminating
power of the gas.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Henry Still and Denny Lane in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 24th December 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ALFRED
HENRY STILL, and DENNY LANE, both of the City of Cork, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent. Majesty Queen Victoria, by IIer
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Alfred Henry Still and Denny Lane,
Her special licence that we, the said Alfred Henry Still and
Denny Lane, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Alfred Henry Still and Denny Lane, our exc-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
excroise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE or Gas," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Alfred Henry Still and Denny Lanc, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their hands and scals, or under the hand and scal of one of us
or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Alfred Henry Still and Denny
Lanc, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is
to say-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of gas. We mix in a pug mill or otherwise coal tar with small coal, or
with a mixture of small coal and breeze. We then pass the whole
mixture under heavy edge runners or through crushing rollers until
all the ingredients are thoroughly incorporated and ground together.
This mixture so ground is placed either by itself or mixed with ordinary
coal in the retorts to be carbonized, and two advantages are gained,
1st, the illuminating power of the gas is considerably increased; and,
2ndly, the breeze or small coke, which is a comparatively worthless
material, is converted into good large coke, the particles being cemented
together by the pitch of the coal tar which remains in the retorts. We
employ about 30 gallons of tar to every ton of coal and breeze mixed
therewith, and the proportion of mixed material added to ordinary
coal depends upon the extent to which it is desirable to increase the
illuminating power of the gas.
If it is desired to increase the yield of coke the proportion of breczo
introduced into the mixture can be increased, the maximum amount
being that which can be well cemented together by the bituminous
matter of the coal and tar combined.
In witness whereof, we, the said Alfred Henry Still and Denny
Lane, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-first
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand cight
hundred and sixty-nine.
ALFRED HENRY STILL. (L.S.)
DENNY LANE.
(L.S.)