Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Steam for Heating Air or Water and for Cooking Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 2nd June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Steam for Heating Air
or Water and for Cooking Purposes.
I, THOMAS LISHMAN, of 67, Mawson Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in that class of apparatus for generating
steam, for heating air or water and for cooking purposes described in the
Specification of my application for Letters Patent dated the 10th July 1891
No. 11753.
I have found in practice that when using ordinary Bunsen and other gas burners
for supplying heat to the said apparatus the gas flame is liable to light backwards
in addition to which such burners are not economical.
According to my invention I construct a burner of pipe clay, fire clay, asbestos
or other suitable refractory material having a chamber communicating with the
gas supply pipe, a number of passages extending from the said chamber to the
exterior of the burner.
By this construction, the burner, soon after the gas has been lighted, becomes
red hot and the heating power of the gas in consequence of it flowing through
the incandescent mass is greatly superior to that of the gas burned in ordinary
burners.
I sometimes find it advantageous to connect the chamber of the burner with
the hot air receiving chamber in order to supply hot air to the gas for the purpose
of assisting its combustion.
In my apparatus for heating air I now place the heating tubes in a chamber to
which the air to be heated is admitted the said tubes opening into another chamber
fitted with a number of pipes forming communication between the said air
admission chamber and the perforated chamber which receives the air heated in the
said pipes.
In some cases I dispense with the air admission chamber and with the perforated
hot air receiving chamber the air pipes being in this case open at both ends to the
room or place to be heated.
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G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Steam for Heating Air
or Water and for Cooking Purposes.
I, THOMAS LISHMAN, of 67, Mawson Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in that class of apparatus for generating
steam, for heating air or water and for cooking purposes described in the
Specification of my application for Letters Patent dated the 10th July 1891
No. 11753.
I have found in practice that when using ordinary Bunsen and other gas burners

page_text: for supplying heat to the said apparatus the gas flame is liable to light backwards
in addition to which such burners are not economical.
According to my invention I construct a burner of pipe clay, fire-clay, asbestos
or other suitable refractory material having a chamber communicating with the gas
supply pipe, a number of passages extending from the said chamber to the exterior
of the burner.
In my apparatus for heating air or water I now place the heating tubes in a
chamber to which the air to be heated is admitted or in the lower part of the water
chamber as the case may be, the said tubes opening into another chamber fitted
with a number of pipes forming communication, in the case of the air-heating
apparatus, between the said air admission chamber and the perforated chamber
which receives the air heated in the said pipes and in the case of the water heating
apparatus between the lower and upper parts of the water chamber.
In the case of the air-heating apparatus I sometimes dispense with the air
admission chamber and with the perforated hot air receiving chamber, the air pipes
being in this case open at both ends to the room or place to be heated.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can be
carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a gas burner constructed according to my inven-
tion for use in apparatus for generating steam, for heating air or water and for
cooking purposes:
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the same, the section being taken on the line A B
of Figure 1:
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a steam generator furnace fitted with a
series of my burners:
Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line C D of Figure 3:
Figures 5 and 6 are vertical sections of apparatuses for heating air embodying
my improvements:
Figure 7 is a similar view of an apparatus for heating water embodying my
improvements:
Figure 8 is a horizontal section on the crooked line E F of Figure 7.
Similar letters in all the figures indicate similar parts.
a is the burner made of pipe-clay, fire-clay, asbestos or other suitable refractory
material; is the chamber thereof communicating with the gas supply pipe the
end of which is usually formed or provided with a base d, as shown in Figures 2
and 8 to receive the burner a; e, e are the passages extending from the chamber b
to the exterior of the burner a.
By this construction, the burner, soon after the gas has been lighted, becomes
red hot and the heating power of the gas in consequence of it flowing through the
passages e, e in the incandescent mass a is greatly superior to that of the gas burned
in ordinary burners.
Figures 3 and 4 shew how my burners can with advantage be applied to the
furnace of a steam generator.
A number of the burners a are fitted on and communicate with the interior of
a chamber placed along the bottom of the furnace g and having air-inlets h, hat
its front end. Two perforated gas pipes c, e located in the chamber supply the
gas which mingles with the air entering through the air inlets h, h and passes
thence into the chambers of the burners a.
Referring to Figure 5, i and j are the heating tubes of the air-heating apparatus
which I now arrange in a chamber to which the air to be heated is admitted
through the perforations ; m is the chamber into which open the tubes i and j;
and n, n are the pipes fitted in the chamber m and forming communication between
the air admission chamber k and the perforated chamber o which receives the air
heated in the pipes n and delivers it through the perforations p, p into the room to
be heated; a is my improved burner and is the usual tank containing water for
absorbing the noxious elements of the products of combustion. The heat from
the burner a passes up through the tube into the chamber m and out therefrom

page_text: 22
down through the tube j, while the air entering the chamber k through the holes /
becomes heated by contact with the tubes and j and rises through the pipes n in
which it becomes further heated by its contact therewith; the heated air then
passes into the chamber o aud issues through the holes p into the room to be
warmed. The arrows indicate the course of the heat and the air.
In the air heating apparatus illustrated in Figure 6, the air admission
chamber k of Figure 5 is dispensed with, as also is the perforated hot air receiving
chamber 0,
the air pipes n, n being open at both ends to the room or place to be
warmed and arranged horizontally in the chamber m. The construction is
otherwise similar to that hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 5 and
the course of the heat and the air is indicated by arrows.
r
In the water heating apparatus illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 the arrangement
of the tubes or pipes i, j, n and chamber m are similar to that of the air-heating
apparatus shown in Figure 5, but the pipes n form communication between the
lower and upper parts of the water chamber and the tube i extends for some
distance into the chamber m. The water becomes heated by contact with the
heated tubes i, j and pipes n through which latter it circulates. s is an uptake
connected to the tube j for carrying off the products of combustion.
improved burner, c the gas, supply pipe and the air inlet to the burner. The
arrows indicate the direction of travel of the products of combustion from the
burner a.
a is my
It will be obvious in the air heating apparatus that if required the chamber b
of the burner a can be connected with the hot air receiving chamber in order to
supply hot air to the gas for the purpose of assisting its combustion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
--
1. The improved burner hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2
of the accompanying drawings for use in apparatus generating steam, for heating
air or water and for cooking purposes.
2. The combination with the furnace of an apparatus for generating steam of
the burners a constructed as described, the chamber supporting the same and
provided with air-inlets, and the perforated gas supply pipes c, c located in the said
chamber substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. The improved apparatuses for heating air substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 respectively of the accompanying
drawings.
4. The improved apparatus for heating water substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 20th day of March 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.