Improved Method of and Apparatus for Regulating the Flow of Water, Oil, and other Liquids in Mains.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 14th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 3rd May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of and Apparatus for Regulating the Flow of
Water, Oil, and other Liquids in Mains.
I, WILLIAM ANTON GOTTLIEB SCHÖNHEYDER of No. 4, Roseberry Road, Clapham
Park in the County of Surrey, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to he as follows:
When forcing water and other liquids at high pressures through mains without the
use of on air vessel or stand pipe, a considerable variation in the flow occurs at each
stroke of the pump. My invention has for its object to obviate such variation in the
flow and it consists mainly in providing at a convenient part of the main near the
pump a chamber communicating with the main so as to contain a certain volume of
liquid the contents of such chamber being subject to the pressure of a piston plunger
or diaphragm which is connected to a second piston plunger or diaphragm in a second
chamber. This second piston &c. is subject to the direct or indirect pressure of an
clastic fluid such as steam or compressed air so that when the rate of flow from the
pump decreases, the pressure of the elastic fluid in forcing the inward the plunger in
the chamber on the main, will cause such a quantity of liquid to be forced out of the
same into the main as will compensate for the decreased amount of flow from the
pump, while when the rate of flow is at the maximum, liquid will be forced into
the chamber again, thereby causing the plunger to be forced outwards and thus
maintain a nearly uniform flow of liquid in the main.
The chamber in which the elastic fluid acts may also be connected through a
suitable valve to a reservoir of such elastic fluid, the valve being operated auto-
matically by the movement of the plungers so that when the pressure in the main
increases the valve is moved so as to admit an increased pressure of elastic fluid into
the said chamber, and when the pressure decreases beyond the normal, the valve is
moved so as to exhaust more or less of the elastic fluid from the said chamber.
Dated this 26th day of June 1889.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of and Apparatus for Regulating the Flow of
Water, Oil, and other Liquids in Mains.
1, WILLIAM ANTON GOTTLIEB SCHÖNHEYDER of No. 4, Roseberry Road, Clapham
Park in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in wha manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
When forcing water and other liquids at high pressures through mains without the
use of an air vessel or stand pipe, a considerable variation in the flow occurs at each
stroke of the pump. My invention has for its object to obviate such variation in the
flow and it consists mainly in providing at a convenient part of the main near the
pump a chamber communicating with the inain so as to contain a certain volume of
liquid the contents of such chamber being subject to the pressure of a piston, plunger,
or diaphragm which is connected to a second piston plunger or diaphragm in a second
chamber. This second piston &c. is subject to the direct or indirect pressure of an
elastic fluid such as steam or compressed air so that when the rate of flow from the
pump decreases, the pressure of the elastic fluid in forcing inward the plunger in the
го
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page_text: chamber on the main, will cause such a quantity of liquid to be forced out of the same
into the main as will compensate for the decreased amount of flow from the pump,
while when the rate of flow is at the maximum, liquid will be forced into the chamber
again thereby causing the plunger to be forced outwards and thus maintain a nearly
uniform flow of liquid in the main.
The chamber in which the elastic fluid acts is also connected through a suitable
valve to a reservoir of such elastic fluid, the valve being operated automatically by
the movement of the plungers so that when the pressure in the main increases the
valve is moved so as to admit an increased pressure of elastic fluid into the said
chamber, and when the pressure decreases beyond the normal, the valve is moved so
as to exhaust more or less of the elastic fluid from the said chamber.
The accompanying drawing shews by way of example a vertical section of one
arrangement of apparatus for carrying out my above described invention.
A is the main through which water, oil or other liquid is being forced by a pump;
through the stuffing box of a chamber B formed on the side of the main projects a
plunger C, the outer end of which is connected by a crosshead D and rods E to the
piston or plunger F of a cylinder G supplied with steam or other fluid pressure
through a passage H, the supply being governed by a slide valve I in a chest J into
which the fluid enters at K.
The slide valve rod is connected to a tappet lever L situated between stops M M' on
the rod E, so that when the piston F moves inwards to a certain extent, the stop M
in bearing against the lever L causes the slide valve to be moved so as to admit fluid
pressure to the cylinder, while when the piston moves outwards, to a certain extent,
the stop M' acts on the lever L in the contrary direction thereby moving the slide
valve either so as to cut off the supply of fluid pressure, or to put the interior of the
cylinder in communication with a discharge port N. O is a small opening for
draining off water of condensation from the cylinder.
The action of the apparatus will be as follows:-Assuming the liquid in the main A
to be passing at the normal rate of flow, then the elastic pressure in the cylinder G
is adjusted so as to keep the piston F and consequently also the plunger C in about
the positions indicated, in which the plunger protrudes slightly into the chamber.
On an increase of flow taking place in the main, the plunger will be forced outward
to a certain extent, thereby increasing to a corresponding extent the capacity of the
chamber B, and at the same time moving the piston F inward in its cylinder, com-
pressing to a corresponding extent the elastic fluid, until by the increased pressure
thus obtained the resulting increased inward pressure exercised by the plunger C will
be in equilibrio with the outward pressure exerted upon it by the liquid in the main.
Should this state of equilibrio not be established before the stop M has been brought
in contact with the lever L by the inward motion of the piston F, then by the further
motion, the slide valve I will be moved so as to open the passage for the fluid pressure
supply, and a fresh charge of such fluid being thus admitted to the cylinder, the said
state of equilibrium will be established. On the rate of flow in the main decreasing,
the pressure in the cylinder, being in excess, will force the piston F outward and the
plunger inward, thus forcing liquid out of the chamber B into the main and equalizing
the rate of flow. This inward motion of the plunger will continue either until the
stop M' has moved the lever and slide valve back into the position in which the
supply of fluid pressure to the cylinder G is cut off again, or until the stop has
moved the slide valve still farther so as to put the interior of the cylinder G in con-
nection with the discharge N, thus reducing the pressure until the equilibrium has
been restored again, the inward motion of the piston F causing the stop M to move
the slide valve back into the position in which it closes both the supply and exhaust.
By duly proportioning the size and stroke of the plunger C to the variation of flow
to which the liquid in the main is subject, such variation can be more or less perfectly
compensated for, so as to render the rate of flow practically uniform.
It will be obvious that the arrangement of the above described apparatus is capable
of being variously modified for the purpose of carrying out my invention.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. Regulating the flow of water, oil or other liquids in mains by forming a chamber
on or in communication with the main, the contents of which chamber, are subject to
the pressure of a piston or plunger or diaphragm connected to a second piston plunger
or diaphragm in a cylinder to which elastic fluid pressure is admitted by a slide or
other valve device, in such a manner that when owing to an increase or decrease of
flow in the main, the pistons or plungers are caused to move beyond certain limits
the slide or other valve is automatically actuated so as to admit fluid pressure to or
exhaust flaid pressure from the cylinder substantially as and for the purpose herein
described.
.
2. Apparatus for regulating the flow of liquids in mains, consisting of the com-
bination of a plunger, piston, or diaphragm in a chamber on or in combination with
the main, a second plunger, piston, or diaphragm connected directly or indirectly to
the first named one and situated in a cylinder to which elastic fluid pressure is
admitted, and a slide or other valve device governing the inlet for elastic fluid, which
is automatically actuated by the movement of the piston, plunger or diaphragm, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein described.
1
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.