Improvements in Machines for Making Staves for Barrels, Casks, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 6th July, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Making Staves for Barrels, Casks,
and the like.
A communication by JOHN OLSEN STORVIK, of Christiansund, in the Kingdom
of Norway, Manufacturer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.1.M.E., of The Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 31, High Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to a machine for making staves for barrels, casks and the
like. In this machine finished staves are made in three successive operations out
of a woodblock, and these staves may be taken as they come from the machine and
put together in the usual way by means of hoops, without necessitating any kind
of finishing treatment.
The machine in question is constructed with a central support or holder for a
number (say 3) of wooden blocks which are simultaneously treated by tools
(three sets) arranged around the holder, this latter being rotatable so that one and
the same wooden block may be successively treated by the different tools, and
thereby a finished stave be produced.
The said tools consist in-
1. A cylindrical or barrel formed saw by means of which the stave is cut out of the
wooden block, leaving the same in the holder with an outside surface ready to be
treated by the other tools;
2. The tools for making the grooves in the staves in which the barrel head is
to fit and for cutting off and bevelling the staves at their ends consisting in cutters
mounted on a rotating shaft;
3. The jointing device consisting in two circular saws having a peculiar motion
so as to give to the sides of the staves the shape necessary for forming the
barrel;
The invention may be carried out in different manners as to details of construc-
tion and will be described hereinafter with reference to annexed drawings.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention-
Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the general arrangement of the
machine;
Figure a plan view of the top frameplate of the machine, together with the
driving mechanism mounted thereon; Figure 2ª represents detail thereof;
Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line - (Figure 4) through the rotatable
support for the wood blocks from which the staves are cut:
Figure 4 is a horizontal section on the line y-y, Figure 3,;
Figure 5 represents part of the arrangement shown in Figure 3, in perspective';
Figure 6 is a horizontal section through the holder for the wood blocks";
Figure 7 is a vertical section on the line -, Figure 2, and shows especially,
the general arrangement of two of the tools, the barrel shaped saw and the joint
!

page_text: ཎྜས་པ ows the parrer shaped saw in perspective;
Figure 9 is a plan view of the joint-saw-device;
Figure 10 is a perspective view of the same together with parts of the frame on
which it is mounted;
Figures 11 and 12 represent two horizontal sections of the grooving device taken
respectively on the lines - and w-w in Figure 1 ;
Figure 13 is a detail.
The frame of the machine (Figures 1 and 7) consists of two openwork plates F
and G which are connected together partly by means of a central post H and partly
by three arched supports I.
These supports serving also as guides for the three sets of devices mentioned
above, are given an arched form corresponding with the curve of the barrel
formed saw.
If this hollow saw is cylindrical, the supports are made straight.
The driving devices (see Figures 1 and 2) by which the periodical movement of
the wheel carry the material and the up and downward movement of the frames for
the hollow saw and the joint saws as well as the inward and outward movement
of the frame carrying the shaft for the grooving and cutting tools are arranged on the
upper frameplate F, and all of them work automatically. From the pulley M the
power is transmitted to the shaft N and from this by means of pinions to the shaft O
provided with two worms; through wormwheels the power is then transmitted
to the two shafts P and S, the first named of which imparting by means of the
eccentric wheel R the periodical movement to the wheel carrying the woodblock,
while the shaft S is provided with two discs, one of which I moves a lever U
which gives the grooving device its inward and outward movement. The other
disc V commands the balance W, on one end of which the frame for the hollow
saw and on the other end of which the frame for the joint saws is arranged, so
that the hollow saw descends when the joint saws ascend and vice versa.
movement of the eccentric disc V is imparted to the balance W by means of a
crank pin that moves in a slot X in the adjustable piece Y on the balance (see
Figure 7). This slot is given such a form that the balance W is moved rapidly
in one direction and slowly in the other.
The
To facilitate the regulation of the automatical movement of the different frames
a coupling is arranged by which the pinion 1 may be disengaged or connected to
the shaft O. Figure 2 shows on a larger scale a longitudinal section through the
shaft 0; from this it may be seen that the shaft is hollow and that the gear wheel
is rotatably arranged on the same and is on its back side cone shaped as shown
at 2. This conical surface corresponds with a similar one on the coupling
wheel 3. This wheel cannot rotate on the shaft but may be moved in longitudinal
direction on the same by means of a spindle 4 in the bore of the shaft; from
this spindle a pin 6 goes through the slot 5 in the shaft and into the nave of the
friction wheel 3. The spindle 4 and the screw spindle 8 are coupled together by
means of the sleeve 7 in such a manner that the spindles may rotate independently
of each other, but both of them at the same time move in longitudinal direction.
The spindle 8 rests with its screwthreaded portion in a screw nut 10 and may
be turned by means of the handwheel 11. When this wheel is turned, the
spindle 8, the spindle 4 with its pin 6 and the wheel 3 are moved in longitudinal
direction so that by this movement an engagement or a disengagement of the
gear wheel 1 with the shaft is caused.
THE SUPPORT FOR THE WOOD BLOCKS.
The devices that serve to hold the wood blocks during the working of the several
tools and to transport them from one of the tools to the other are shown on a
larger scale in Figure 6. In Figure 3 most of the parts belonging to the wood-
holder w
.
-

page_text: held by the holder B constructed as a slide and provided with catch-levers, during
the work, the wood pieces are also kept in place by jaws 70 arranged on the
support A. Six holders B belong to each machine, three of which always are
in place in the machine, while three others at the same time are being provided
with a new set of wood blocks. To make it possible during the working of the
machine to put these holders into the support, the latter is provided with six
guide slots 50 (see Figure 1). The support A consists of two plane dises 20
and 21 held together by screws 22, by means of which the distance between the
discs may be regulated and adjusted according to the different lengths of the
staves. These plane discs or the support may be turned around the middle shaft
or column H, and the hub of the lower disc rests on the hub of the ring-shaped
disc 62 keyed to the column, this disc 62 having the same construction and function
as the ring 62 mounted above the disc 20, the latter ring 62ª also being fixed to
the column by means of arms 63 and hub 64.
The support receives its periodical movement from the crank R on the shaft P
arranged on the upper part of the frame, and the crank pin rests in a slide 23 connected
with the bars 24. These bars have their guide holes in the frameplate F and are
on their lower ends provided with heads 25, the sleeves 26 of which are guided
by slide bars 27, arranged between the disc F and the ring 62. Each of the
heads 25 of the bars is provided with rollers 28 which run in helical grooves 29
in a sleeve 30 (see Figure 1).
The circular rib 33 provided with six holes and arranged on the plane disc 20
forms together with the hood shaped sleeve 30 and the sliding key 31 a coupling
and ratchet device, the sleeve 30 being rotatable on the hub of the disc 20. The
key 31 is shown in dotted lines, as in this position of the other parts, it would not
be visible in the section.
The sliding key 31 is guided partly by a hole 34 in the sleeve, partly by a
projection 35 on the same and is provided with a hook 36.
To the immovable ring 62* a spring 37 is fixed, the front end of which stands in
the way of the hook 36 on the key and on another place (about 120° from the front
end of the spring) a little lever 40 is pivoted, the inner and lower end 38 of which
is close outside of the way of the hook 36 on the key, while the upper end 39 is in
the way of a catch 41 mounted on the barhead 25. The lever 40 has a projection
on which the spring 43 works in such a way that the lever is held by the same in
two positions.
If the parts have the position shown in Figures 3 and 4 and the bars 24 are
moving downwards, the rollers 28 will cause the sleeve to be turned 120°, and the
key 31 being placed in one of the holes 32, the whole support is forced to turn
with the sleeve. The same turns in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow,
and when the catch 41 comes against the upper end 39 of the lever 40, the key 31
will be situated as indicated by dotted lines in the drawing, that is to say exactly
beneath the lever 40, so that the end of the latter 38 in moving inwards comes
against the hook 36 and forces the key backwards, whereby the sleeve 30 and the
disc 23 are disconnected. When the rollers are going upwards and the sleeve 30
is turned in the direction indicated by the arrow drawn in full lines, the support
remains in its place. When this backward movement is nearly finished, the
hook 36 comes against the spring 37, so that the spring, pressing against the
hook 36, will force the key into the next hole 32 as soon as the sleeve comes
to rest.
The bar 45, which rests with its pointed end in a recess in the disc 20 and is
guided by the plate F and the ring 62" serves to hold the support steady when at
rest. This bar has a catch 46 acted upon by a little swinging piece 47, when by
the downward movement of the head 25, the slide 26 comes against the piece 47
and thereby causes the catch 46 with the bar 45 to be lifted before the rollers are
in contact with the screw formed part of the grooves 29. As soon as the slide 26
bas passed the piece 47, the spring 48 presses the bar downwards. The spring 49
serves to hold the arm 47 in the normal position.

page_text: Figure 4 shows a lever 44 with a handle; by this lever the spring 37 is put out
of function, as the inner arm presses the spring inwards and out of the way of the
hook 36, when the handle is moved inwards.
THE SUPPORT FOR THE WOODBLOCK.
Each of the catchbolders B for the woodblocks (see Figures 3 and 6) consists of
two bars 53 that by means of stays or screws 51, 52, are connected to a frame, the
upper of the said bars being on its upper side and the lower being on its bottom
side provided with projections 54, which are guided in radial slots 50 in the plane
discs 20 and 21, while the bars slide against the surface of these discs. On the
connecting rod or screw 52, three pair of catch-arms are pivoted (see Figure 6)
which are forced together by means of springs 56, and may be opened by a
rotatable frame 57.
Between and a little behind the pointed ends of the catch-arms, a piece 58 is
arranged; this piece being provided with points and its upper end being pivoted
to the holder, while the lower end is adjustably fastened by a screw, so that this
piece may be inclined in one direction or another and adjusted according to the
shape of the wood blocks.
The frame 57 being turned about 90° and the catch-arms thereby being removed
from each other, the woodblock may be laid against the piece 58 arranged between
the arms and provided with points, and when the frame 57 is turned back, the
pointed ends of the catch-arms are forced into the sides of the woodblock, so that
the latter is held in position.
For each full turn of the support, this holder for the woodblocks is pushed
forwards as far as the thickness of the stave. To effect this, the holders B are
provided with toothed bars 60 which gear with a circular rib 61 (see Figures 1, 3
and 5) arranged on the frame ring 62. This rib is provided with an adjustable
offset piece 65 (Figure 5) which pushes the holders for the woodblocks forwards,
when the toothed bar passes the same. By moving the piece 65, it is possible
to give the staves a double thickness or more without changing toothbars. If
wanted the bars also may be replaced by others, the teeth of which correspond
with the thickness required. At 66 there are openings in the circular rib and
corresponding with the breadth of the toothed bars. By this arrangement it is
made possible to take the holders out and put them into the support A again, at a
certain position of the latter. At 67 the rib is given a larger thickness so that the
toothbars when engaging this point during the working operation may keep the
holder for the woodblocks absolutely immovable.
During the working of the tools upon the woodblocks, these latter must be
steadied in a better manner than is possible by the catch-arms on the holders
mentioned above. For that purpose strong springs 71 are laid along the slots 50,
two in each slot, and these springs are provided with jaws 70 which press against
the ends of the wood pieces. During the forward movement (feeding) of the
holders for the woodpieces, these jaws must be lifted out from the ends of the
wood pieces, and for this purpose the springs are provided with hooks 72, that by
a rib 73 arranged on the ring 62 (see Figures 1 and 5) when they are passing over
the same are lifted up just before they reach the point where the moving forward
of the holder for the wood blocks takes place.
As only 3 sets of jaws 70 are in use at one and the same time, while the others,
situated between the former in the slots from which the holders are removed, must be
lifted up to make it possible to put in holders provided with new woodblocks, the whole
is so arranged that 3 sets of jaws always will have a lifted position. To this end
sliding rings 75 are used, one of each of the plane discs of the support A. These
rings are provided with 3 tracks or curved ribs 76 on which the hooks 74 will rest,
so that the jaws are, thereby held in an elevated position (see Figures 1 and 3).
"The rings are provided with teeth 77 (Figure 1) that gear with pinions, mounted
on the shaft 78. This shaft, being with its lower end bedded in an arm 79

page_text: rotatable on the centre post H, may be rotated by means of a hand-wheel 80. and
the gearing 81, the hand-wheel 80 being rotatably mounted on the shaft or post H.
The function of the devices just mentioned will be described hereinafter.
THE HOLLOW SAW (FIGURES 1, 7 AND 8).
This saw 100 may be given a cylindrical form, but for staves of smaller
dimensions it may be barrel formed so that the staves also are curved in longi-
tudinal direction. The hub 101 of the hollow saw is keyed to the shaft 102
provided with a pulley. The bearings 104 and 106 are connected with each other
by means of a curved bar 105, and by screws 107 passing through a slot in, the
supporting plates 108 and 109, they are adjustably connected to these plates,
which are cast in one piece with the crosspieces 110 of the frame. The sides of
this frame are given a curved form corresponding with that of the supports I, and
they are provided with adjustable angular guidebars 111, which overlap the guide-
bars 112 fastened by screws to the support I. The frame is hanging in one end of
the balance W, and for this purpose the balance is provided with an adjustable
bearing 113, another similar bearing 114 being arranged on the upper part 110 of
the frame. These two bearings are connected by a bar 115, the length of which
may be regulated by a screw. For this reason the frame with its saw 100 must
follow the upward and downward movement of the balance W, so that the whole
device moves in a curved direction corresponding with the curve of the saw 100.
If the hollow saw is given a cylindrical form, the supports must of course be
straight, so that the saw device is to be moved in a straight vertical line. When
staves of another curvature are to be sawn out of the wood picce, the saw 100
is replaced by another having the required curve, and to the supports I there
are then bolted other guides 112 which correspond with the curve of the saw.
116 (Figure 8) are guidearms for the saw; they are fastened to the crosspieces 110
on the frame, and are adapted to support the working edge of the saw. In
the inner hollow room of the saw an upright arm is arranged serving as a
catcher for the staves cut out of the woodblock, the staves being thereby prevented
from being taken along with the saw in its rotation instead of falling down.
In order to give the staves a smooth and plane surface, the saw is provided with one
or more teeth 118 (see Figure 13) which are shaped in such a way that they serve
as a planing cutter
The device for jointing the staves is of a new and characteristic construction,
and it may be advantageously used even when the staves are made in the usual
way.
The same consists of two circular saws 120, arranged in a frame 140, having a
construction similar to that of the hollow saw described above. This frame 140 i
moved on the supports I and is suspended in the balance W in quite the same way
as the hollow saw, so that the jointing saws are going upwards and are doing their
work at the same time as the hollow saw goes downwards.
The circular saws are provided with some teeth working as a planer, like that
in the hollow saw, and they are keyed to shafts 122 provided with rope wheels 121.
The bearings 123 for these shafts are arranged on brackets 124, the ears 125 of which
are pivoted on the posts 141 supported by the frame 140. From each of the
brackets extends a bar 126 supporting an arm 127. This arm. may he adjustably
fastened by means of a screw 128, or the adjustability may be effected by such an
arrangement, that the regulation may be caused during the work. These arms 127
having on their upper ends a. slot formed between two curved rods, and through
which the curved bars 130 pass.
It is evident that when the frame supporting the circular saws are going upwards,
the curved bars 130 act upon the rods forming, the slots. 129, so that the

page_text: brackets 124 are given an oscillatory movement. By the oscillating movement of
the brackets the saws 120 are during the upward movement swung a little to and fro
according to the diminishing width of the staves towards the ends.
The guidebars 130 are provided with screw nuts that are threaded on the
spindles 132, having left and right hand screwthreads and being journalled in the
bearings 133. These screw-spindles are provided with conical gear wheels 134,
that gear with the pinions 135 and 136 mounted on the shaft 138, which latter is
provided with a handwheel 137. By turning this band wheel in one direction or
another, the guidebars 130 are approached to or removed from each other, so that
the circular saws by these means may be adjusted to the different breadth of the
staves. This adjustment may be caused during the work of the machine so that
the distance between the circular saws may be adjusted according to the nature of
the woodblocks. It must be noted that also the action of the guidebars may be
altered by turning them a little around their own axis.
The saws 120 may be driven by belts or ropes. For this reason a guide sheave 142
is arranged at the top of the frame, and over this the rope is going. Each of
the brackets are also provided with guide sheaves 143 and 145, the first of which is
supported by an arm 144, while the other rotates in bearings, 146, that slide on the
slide rods 147, which latter are supported by the arms 148. These bearings are
forced outwards against the strain of the rope by springs 149. In this manner the
different strain in the strop which is caused by the upward and downward move-
ment of the frame is equalised.
THE CROZING OR GROOVING DEVICE (FIGURES 1, 11 AND 12).
The device for crozing or grooving as well as for bevelling and cutting off the
ends of the staves consists of usual cutting tools arranged on a rotating shaft.
The disc shaped support 150 for these tools is keyed on a vertical shaft 151, the
bearings of which 152 and 153 are mounted on a frame, which oscillates on a
shaft 154 parallel to the shaft 151. In this manner it is possible to alter the distance
between the shaft 151 and the woodblock. This inward and outward movement of
the frame is caused in the following manner by means of the lever U. 155 is a
crosshead the ends of which are bent at right angles and overlap the guide rails I
(Figures 1 and 12) just in the same manner as that of corresponding parts of the
carriage for the stave cutter or saw 100 (above described) and jointing saws,
reference being had in this respect to Figures 8 and 9. The crosshead has a
bearing 114 to which is jointed by ball and socket joint one end of a connecting
rod the other end of which is similarly jointed to a bearing adjustable on the arm U
so that the crosshead may be raised or lowered by said arm U. These parts
are just of the same construction as the parts marked 115 and 113 in Figure 1 and
Figure 7 belonging to the stave cutting saw 100. The toolframe 156 (Figure 1,
Figure 11, Figure 12) may be swung horizontally on the vertical shaft 154 by the
movement of the crosshead in the following manner.
A rod 157 (Figure 1) rigid with the tool frame 156 passes freely through a
guide 158 movably mounted in bearings 159 on the frame or crosshead 155 and as
the crosshead in moving along the guide rails 1 moves at an angle to the vertical,
the rod 157 and thereby the tool frame must be thrown inward or outward according
as the arm U descends or ascends.
The shaft 151 may if required be provided with a third disc mounted on the
centre of the shaft between the two others, and which disc may serve to cut the
staves in two equal parts. Staves made in this way may be hooped together to
form conical vessels, buckets, et cetera.
WORKING OF THE MACHINE.
It is supposed, that the holder B for the woodblocks, (the right hand one in
Figure 1) is provided with a woodblock, and that the hollow saw is in its upper
position. When the saw is going downwards, the outer side of the woodblock is
cut off, so that the block is given a curved surface which forms the inner side of

page_text: the stave. In the meantime the bars 24 in the driving mechanism for the support A
are lifted up and by this movement the sleeve 30 with the key 31 is turned 120°
in the direction indicated by the full drawn arrow (Figure 4), so that these parts
will come in the position indicated by full drawn lines in Figures 3 and 4. As now
the bars are moved downwards the following movements will take place (see
Figures 1 and 3).
A: (1) The bar 45 is lifted up, so that the support may be turned.
(2) The rollers 28 come in contact with the lower inclined faces of the
tracks 29, and thereby the sleeve 30 is moved 120° in the direction indicated
by the dotted arrow in Figure 4, and in this movement the support is taken,
along by the key 31.
(3) The bar 45 again falls with its point into a recess in the disc 20, so that a.
further movement of the support is impossible.
(4) The projection 41 comes against the upright part 39 of the arm 40 and
causes the key 31 to be forced inwards, so that the sleeve may be turned
back again.
B. (a) The jaws 70 are lifted, as the hooks 72 are forced up on the projecting
.rib 73.
(6) The woodblock-holder B is moved forwards so much as the thickness of
a stave by means of the offset piece 65 in the annular rib 61, which acts upon
the tooth bars 60.
(c) The jaws 70 fall down against the end faces of the blocks, so that the same.
is held in place.
When the simultaneous movements A and B are finished and during which the
hollow saw is lifted up, the jointing-saws are lowered and the grooving device
is swung outwards, the grooving or crozing of the concave inner face of the staves
as well as the bevelling and cutting off at their ends take place, the arm U going
downwards and thereby forcing the tool-frame inwards, so that the rotating tools.
are placed in contact with the wood.
When the support A is again turned 120°, the operations mentioned under A.
and B are repeated. The woodblock under treatment is hereby brought over to the
jointing saws, where it is jointed, and then it is brought up to the hollow saw,.
which in going downwards saws a complete stave out of the woodlog. As three
woodpieces simultaneously are worked upon, it is evident, that when the time
mentioned has elapsed, three complete staves are cut out of the three blocks under
treatment. When the woodblocks are cut down, the handwheel 80 is turned and
thereby the pinion mounted on the shaft 7-8 turns the tooth ring 75 60 degrees, so.
that the elevated ribs 76 are moved the same angle.
By this movement the three pairs of jaws that hold the woodblocks are lifted,
while the three other pairs of jaws shown in a lifted position in Figure 1 are forced
against the ends of the woodblock in a holder, which has in the meantime been
placed in the support. Now the latter is turned 60°, so that the holders now placed
in the machine are made to face the tools, while the other holders may be removed
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven- .
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a machine for making staves for casks, barrels and the like, the combina-
tion with means for holding the wood blocks out of which the staves are cut and a..
rotatable support or carrier for a number of such holders, of tools arranged around.
the said rotatable carrier and consisting of a hollow saw, a shaft carrying cutters
for crozing and bevelling and cutting off the ends of the staves, and a jointing
device, said three sets of tools acting simultaneously upon three different wood-
blocks, and said carrier making one-third of a revolution for each working period
of said tools.
2. In a machine for making staves, the combination with a rotatable carrier for
the woodblocks of a barrel-formed saw for cutting staves out of the blocks, said.

page_text: barrelformed saw being keyed to a shaft, that has its bearings on a carriage, which
works up and down on curved guides, so that the cutting section of the saw during
the movement of the carriage describes an arch which is a continuation of the
curve representing the longitudinal shape of the saw.
3. In a machine for making staves as secondly claimed, the modification con-
sisting in making the saw cylindrical and the guides for its carriage straight, so that
the staves cut will be straight-lined instead of bulged.
4. In a machine for making staves, the combination with a rotatable carrier for
the woodblocks and a hollow saw and its carriage, of a jointing device consisting
in two circular saws, the shafts of which are mounted on a carriage, having guides
that conform with the shape of the hollow saw, said carriage and the carriage for
the hollow saw, being hung on each end of a lever having a rocking movement so
that one carriage moves upward when the other moves downward.
5. In a machine for making staves, a jointing device for cutting the sides of the
staves before the stave is severed from the wood block, consisting in two circular
saws, each of which is keyed to a separate horizontal axle, said axles being placed
under an angle with each other on two brackets, which are pivotally mounted on a
vertical shaft bolted to a carriage, that works up and down on curved or rectilinear
guides, said brackets having forked arms, that embrace curved guiderods, so that
the brackets are slightly turned upon their pivot during the up and down movement
of the carriage.
6. In a machine for making staves, the combination with tools for successively
operating upon one and the same woodblock of holders for the woodblocks and a
rotatable carrier for the holders, said carrier consisting of two discs firmly and
adjustably connected with each other and rotatably mounted on a central fixed
shaft, one of the said discs being provided with means, by which the carrier may
be imparted a periodical rotation in one and the same direction, and also with
means for periodically holding the carrier steady at rest.
7. In a machine for making staves, the combination with a rotatable carrier for
the woodblocks substantially as specified in the preceding claim, of holders for the
woodblocks, said holders being mounted in radial slots in the plane discs consti-
tuting the carrier and being provided with toothracks projecting through the said
slots on the other side of the discs and in engagement with circular ribs mounted
on rings fixed to the central standard of the machine, said circular rib being
provided with an adjustable offset piece serving to feed the holders forward once
for each revolution of the carrier.
8. In a machine for making staves, the combination with a rotatable carrier for
the woodblocks, of holders for the woodblocks, said holders being provided with
a set of catch-arms or spring-arms serving to hold the blocks loosely to the holders.
9. In a machine for making staves, the combination with a rotatable carrier
and holders for the woodblocks mounted thereon, of spring-arms bolted to the
carrier and having toothed ends serving to hold the woodblocks securely while
they are acted upon by the tools.
10. In a machine for making staves, the combination with a rotatable_carrier
and holders for the woodblocks mounted in radial slots in said carrier and means
for feeding the holders outward in the said slots, of spring-arms for holding the
wood blocks steady during the working period of the tools and means for lifting the
said spring-arms out of contact with the woodblocks during the forward feeding of
the holders.
11. Machine for cutting finished staves out of woodblocks substantially as
shown and specified.
Dated this 15th day of December 1901