Improvements in Apparatus for Bolling, Distilling, and Steam Raising.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1893--Accepted, 11th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Bolling, Distilling, and Steam
Raising.
I, JOHN LAING of 30 Grange Road, Edinburgh Scotland, Analytical Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The sedimentary matters formed during boiling, distilling, and steam raising
frequently prove very hurtful to the apparatus employed, and from their non-
conducting qualities necessitate a higher temperature in the furnace in order to
overcome this resistance.
By my invention I propose to get quit of these non-conducting bodies as they
are formed, and thus prevent, to a very high degree, the formation of deposits and
residual bodies in the heating chamber, and by this means a considerable saving in
fuel is effected and a longer life secured to the plant in use.
In order to obtain this result the apparatus employed must be of such a form
that the residual bodies, as soon as formed, escape from the heating or distilling
chamber and away from the source of heat when they can then be run off as
found necessary. Such an apparatus may take the form of an upright cross in
section; the top portion forming the water, or other liquid, vapour, or steam outlet ;
the wings forming the distilling or boiling chamber under which the fire is placed ;
and the tail piece the retreat for the heavy residual bodies. As the boiling proceeds,
the sedimentary or precipitated matters fall by gravitation into the tail piece of
the apparatus and thus leave the heating chamber comparatively free from excessive
non-conducting bodies.
Taking sea water as an example; instead of allowing the contents of the boiler
to reach a certain degree of saturation and then blowing it off and thus necessi-
tating a stronger fire as this saturation proceeds, by my invention, the matters
thrown down during boiling or evaporation pass into the tail piece of the apparatus
and are thus removed from the source of heat and do not interfere with the passage
of the heat into the boiling chamber. The material in the boiling or distilling
chamber is always of a practically uniform character. The feed being conducted
into this chamber.
Dated this 10th do of Anril 1809
JNO. LAING,
Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Boiling, Distilling, and Steam
Raising.
I, JOHN LAING of 3 Mentone Terrace Newington, Edinburgh, Scotland,
Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-.
The sedimentary matters formed during boiling, distilling and steam raising
frequently prove very hurtful to the apparatus employed and from their non-
conducting qualities necessitate a higher temperature in the furnace in order to
overcome this resistance. By my invention these non-conducting bodies are largely
got quit of as soon as they are formed and thus prevent, to a very high degree, the
formation of deposits and residual bodies in the heating chamber. By this means
a considerable saving in fuel is effected and a longer life secured to the plant in use.
In order to obtain this result the apparatus employed must be of such a form that

page_text: the residual bodies, as soon as formed, escape from the heating or distilling chamber
and away from the source of heat when they can then be run off as found to be
necessary.
The apparatus here referred to takes the form of an upright cross in section, the
top portion forming the water, or other liquid, vapour, or steam outlet. The wings
forming the boiling or distilling chamber under which the fire is placed. The tail
piece forms the retreat for the heavy residual bodies.
As the boiling proceeds, the sedimentary or precipitated matters fall by gravita-
tion into the tail piece of the apparatus and thus leave the heating chamber
comparatively free from excessive non-conducting bodies. The tail piece is fitted
with a run-off cock whereby these heavy bodies can be removed to any suitable
vessel and there dealt with as required.
In order that my invention may be better understood I here give an example of
its working :-
If hard water is employed in a boiler of the ordinary cylindrical type and used
for steam raising, a deposit or scale is formed on the plates, more or less thick,
according to the degree of hardness of the water. This scale being a bad con-
ductor of heat necessitates a stronger fire to overcome its resisting powers, and
often proves very hurtful to the boiler. By my invention these precipitated bodies
pass down into the tail piece, of the apparatus, as sludge and being now removed
from the direct action of the furnace heat they remain in a soft state and can there
be run off.
The material in the boiling or distilling chamber is kept in a practically uniform
condition and all forcing of fires is thus unnecessary.
•
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
. 1. A process, by which non-conducting bodies can be removed as formed from an
apparatus employed for boiling, distilling, or steam raising as herein described.
2. Improvements in apparatus, as herein described, for boiling, distilling, and
steam raising.
Dated this 18th day of Jenner 1892