Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Purifying Feed Water for Boilers.
Year: 1888

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Purifying Feed Water
for Boilers.
1, CHARLES APPLEBY, Engineer, of Cannon Street, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is known that if the water for feeding boilers be heated before being discharged
into the water contained in such steam boilers, any sediment or impurity is pre-
cipitated, and it has been proposed for this purpose to use a precipitating tube in the
boiler formed of inner and outer tubes, the feed pipe being connected to the inner
tube and outlets being formed from the outer tube into the water or steam space in
the boiler, a blow off cock or valve being also connected to the outer tube. Or some-
times a horizontal tubular chamber has been used extending into the boiler, having its
upper part perforated near the entering end, and having a horizontal diaphragm fitting
into it with perforations through its inner end, the pipe being secured to the boiler by
a flange and bolts and a joint consisting of a soft metal angular packing ring, the feed
water being admitted below the diaphragm, and a cock or valve being arranged by
which any sediment deposited can be blown off.
My present invention has for its object novel methods of construction and arrange-
ment by which the apparatus is much simpler and cheaper and more easily fixed than
the arangements above described whilst it is equally effective.
In one form of arrangement which I adopt, I use a more or less horizontal pipe of
suitable size and length arranged in the boiler into which its front end is screwed or
otherwise fixed, the pipe being then carried for a sufficient distance and bent round
so as to return preferably parallel to itself.
The inner end of the pipe is preferably closed, and a number of perforations made
near it through which the water fed into the pipe is discharged into the steam or
water space, after having been gradually heated and having deposited any sediment
or impurity in its passage through the tube. Outside the boiler is arranged in con-
nection with the end of the tube a three-way cock by which when desired the feed
supply can be cut off and a communication made from the pipe to an outlet through

page_text: which the sediment deposited can be blown off by the pressure of steam in the boiler.
Or, instead of a threeway cock, two separate cocks or valves may be used; or one
such cock or valve only through which the pipe can be blown off without first shutting
off the feed supply.
-It-is evident that the method of arrangement may be more or less varied. For
instance the pipe in the boiler may be curved, or it may be separated into two or
more branches either in its return or in its entrance or both; or it may make two or
more bends backward and forward instead of one only.
Or, a sufficiently large pipe may be used divided into three or more parts longi-
tudinally by divisions preferably more or less inclined, the water entering at the
front end of one of them, and passing backward and forward round them all before
being discharged in any desired position into the water or steam space in the boiler.
Or, instead of pipes a flat chamber may be used of iron, copper, or other suitable
material, so as to present as large a surface as possible.
The shape and size of the pipes and chambers used may be varied as may be found
advisable to suit the particular boiler and the circumstances in which it is to be used;
'my object being to arrange and use heating and precipitating apparatus for feed
water as described, in such manner that it is of very simple and cheap form, the water
being heated and its impurities precipitated, and the latter blown off and discharged
when required, without the complication of concentric external and internal pipes, or
of a slotted and perforated diaphragm combined with a flange of bolts and soft metal
packing rings, whilst its operation is as effective and it can be easily removed, replaced,
and repaired when necessary.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Inventor.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Purifying Feed Water
for Boilers.
I, CHARLES APPLEBY, Engineer, of Cannon Street, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and accompanying drawing (that is to say) :-
It is known that if the water for feeding boilers be heated before being discharged
into the water contained in such steam boilers; any sediment or impurity is pre-
cipitated, and it has been proposed for this purpose to use a precipitating tube in the
boiler formed of inner and outer tubes, the feed pipe being connected to the inner
tube and outlets being formed from the outer tube into the water or steam space in
the boiler, a blow-off cock or valve being also connected to the outer tube. Or some-
times a horizontal tubular chamber has been used extending into the boiler, having
its upper part perforated near the entering end and having a horizontal diaphragm
fitting into it with perforations through its inner end, the pipe being secured to the
boiler by a flange and bolts and a joint consisting of a soft metal angular packing
ring, the feed water being admitted below the diaphragm, and a cock or valve being
arranged by which any sediment deposited can be blown off.
My present invention has for its object novel methods of construction and arrange-
ment by which the apparatus is much simpler and cheaper and more easily fixed than
the arrangements above described whilst it is equally effective.
In one form of arrangement which I adopt, use a more or less horizontal pipe of
suitable size and length arranged in the boiler into which its front end is screwed or
otherwise fixed, the pipe being then carried for a sufficient distance and bent round
so as to return preferably parallel to itself.
The inner end of the pipe is preferably closed, and a number of perforations made
near it through which the water fed into the pipe is discharged into the steam or
water space, after having been gradually heated and having deposited any sediment
or impurity in its passage through the tube. Outside the boiler is arranged in con-
nection with the end of the tube a three way cock by which when desired the feed
supply can be cut off and a communication made from the pipe to an outlet through
which the sediment deposited can be blown off by the pressure of steam in the
boiler.
In the accompanying drawing which illustrates some of the forms of the apparatus
which I use figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a boiler shewing the arrange-
ment just described, figure 2 being a plan and figure 3 a front view of the regulating
cock shewn in figure 1. a, a, represent the ends or walls of the boiler, and is a
metal pipe firmly attached to the front of the boiler at or near the water level (which
is indicated by the dotted lines) and curved back parallel to itself as shewn at c,
figure 1.
The end of the tube c is closed, and its sides are provided with perforations at c'.
Outside the boiler a cock or valve d is connected with the pipe b, and is so arranged
that the latter can be connected either with the pipe e (figures 2 and 3) through
which the feed water is supplied from a pump or other source, or with the pipe f
which is conducted to any convenient place where the contents of the pipe 6 can be
discharged.

page_text: In the former case, the feed water from the pipe e is forced along the pipe b, where
it is heated and deposits its impurities, and is then discharged through the orifices
at c' into the steam or water space of the boiler.
When the pipe e is cut off and the discharge pipe opened, the sediment deposited
in the pipe is blown out by the steam and water entering the orifices at e¹.
When the pipe is thus cleaned, the pipe is closed and the feed pipe e opened. It
will be seen that the apparatus is of the simplest and cheapest kind, consisting only of
a single bent and perforated pipe b, c, and the three-way cock d.
Or, instead of a three-way cock, two separate cocks or valves may be used; or one
such cock or valve only through which the pipe can be blown off without first shutting
off the feed supply.
It is evident that the method of arrangement may be more or less varied.
A still simpler construction is shewn in section in figure 4, in which a single
straight pipe b is used not bent but having perforations at its outer end as shewn.
A threeway cock of the kind shown in figures 1, 2, and 3, is connected to it outside
the boiler, and the action is the same as in the first described arrangement.
The pipe in the boiler may be curved, or it may be separated into two or more
branches either in its return or in its entrance or both, or it may make two or more
bends backward and forward instead of one only.
Figure 5 shews in plan, the arrangement shewn in figuro 1 thus slightly modified,
the pipe c being made in two branches one upon each side of the pipe 6, and the onds
of both branches being closed and their sides perforated.
Or a sufficiently large pipe may be used divided into two or more parts longi-
tudinally by divisions preferably more or less inclined, the water entering at the front
end of one of them, and passing backward and forward round them all before being
discharged in any desired position into the water or steam space in the boiler.
Or, instead of pipes a flat cbamber may be used of iron, copper, or other suitable
material, so as to present as large a surface as possible.
The shape and size of the pipes and chambers used may be varied as may be found
advisable to suit the particular boiler and the circumstances in which it is to be used;
my object- being to arrange and use heating and precipitating apparatus for feed
water as described, in such manner that it is of very simple and cheap form, the water
being heated and its impurities precipitated, and the latter blown off and discharged
when required without the complication of concentric external and internal pipes, or
of a slotted and perforated diaphragm, combined with a flange and bolts and soft
metal packing ring, whilst its operation is as effective and it can be easily removed,
replaced, and repaired when necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The pipe or chamber, straight as shewn in figure 4; bent back as shown at c in
figure 1, or backward and forward, or branched as shewn at c, c, in figure 5, or
divided into two or more parts longitudinally in combination with a threeway cock or
valve d as shewn in figures 1, 2, and 3, or with two separate cocks or valves upon the
feed pipe e and discharge pipe, or with a single cock or valve upon the discharge
pipe only, substantially as and for the purposes described, and shewn in the
drawing.
1
1. 1000