IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF SPANNERS AND WRENCHERS IN CAST STEEL FOR ENGINEERING AND ALL OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Gray and Thomas Biggin, of Sheffield,
in the County of York, Saw, File, and Machine Knife Manu-
facturers, carrying on Business under the Style or Firm of Charles
Gray and Sons, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF SPANNERS AND WRENCHERS IN CAST STEEL FOR ENGINEERING
AND ALL OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN SUCH MANUFACTURE."
Sealed the 16th March 1869, and dated the 10th December 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Gray and
Thomas Biggin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 10th December 1868.
We, WILLIAM GRAY and THOMAS BIGGIN, of Sheffield, in the County
of York, Saw, File, and Machine Knife. Manufacturers, carrying on
Business under the Style or Firm of Charles Gray and Sons, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SPANNERS AND WRENCHERS IN CAST STEEL FOR ENGINEERING AND
+

page_text: ALL OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH
MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to the casting of spanners or wrenchers
in cast steel instead of in malleable iron or other material now used for
such purpose, and can be cast in any shape or size that might be
required by the trade, these articles being produced in cast steel being
very far superior to those now in use.
Secondly, this Invention consists in the constructing of metal, chilled
metal, wrought iron, or steel moulds, as shewn in the accompanying
Drawings, see Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, or of any similar moulds to receive
the steel in a fluid state in a slanting direction, as shewn in Drawings
on Figs. 1 and 2, so that the stream of molten steel when poured into
the moulds falls straight to the bottom of the mould, as shewn, so as to
keep clear and not come into contact with the moveable or fast steel pegs
or cores, which would be liable to be damaged by the molten steel falling
upon them and also prove injurious to the articles produced. We propose
making the moulds in parts or portions to open with or without a hinge
at the bottom as may be found most convenient.
Figs. 1 and 2 represent front view of a pair of moulds when open.
A, A, the spanner or wrencher as cast in the mould; B, B, the pin holes
for keeping the moulds when closed in their proper place or position;
C, C, pins fitting B, B; D, D, stream of molten steel as being poured
in the mould; E, E, moveable or fast steel, metal, wrought iron, or
chilled metal core. Fig. 3 edge view of mould when open; Fig. 4,
edge view of mould closed; F, "stream gate" for pouring in metal.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Gray and Thomas Biggin in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 25th March 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
GRAY and THOMAS BIGGIN, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Saw,
File, and Machine Knife Manufacturers, carrying on Business under
the Style or Firm of Charles Gray and Sons, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of December, in the year of

page_text: making the moulds in parts or portions to open with or without a hinge
at the bottom as may be found most convenient.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figs. 1 and 2 represent front view of a pair of moulds when open.
A, A, the spanner or wrench as cast in the mould; B, B, the pin holes
for keeping the moulds when closed in their proper places or position;
C, C, pins fitting B, B; D, D, stream of molten steel as being poured
in the mould; E, E, moveable or fast steel, metal, wrought iron, or
chilled metal cores. Fig. 3, the edge view of mould when open; Fig. 4,
the edge view of mould closed; F, stream gate for pouring in metal.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, we
would observe that what we consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention to be secured to us is :-
The production by the process of casting in cast steel of spanners
and wrenchers of every size and shape required by the trade and the
moulds and other apparatus required for their manufacture.
We also particularly claim the moveable or fast cores Figs. 1 and 2
E, E, and the placing of the impression in the mould to receive the
casting in a slanting position so that when pouring the molten steel
into the mould it will fall to the bottom, and not come into contact
with the moveable or fast core.
We also claim the right to make these cores fast and immoveable if
found more advantageous to do so, and we also claim the right to have
in the moulds a hole to admit a punch for knocking out the moveable
steel cores immediately after the molten steel is poured in the mould.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Gray and Thomas
Biggin, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this Twenty-fourth
day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-nine.
WILLIAM GRAY. (L.S.)
THOMAS BIGGIN. (L.S.)
WILLIAM GRAY. (L.S.)
THOMAS BIGGIN. (L.S.)