A NEW AND IMPROVED BOILER OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM WITH LESS EXPENDITURE OF FUEL
Year: 1826

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
NEVILLE, of New Walk, Shad Thames, in the County of Surrey, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty George the Fourth, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date on or about the
Fourteenth day of March, in the seventh year of His reign, did, for Himself,
His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said James Neville, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, His special licence, full power, sole privi-
lege and authority, that I, the said James Neville, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves, or by and their
deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said James
Neville, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of
fourteen years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within that part of His Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon Tweed, and also in all his Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, in
such manner as to me, the said James Neville, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or any of them, should in his or their discretion seem meet, my
Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED BOILER OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM
WITH LESS EXPENDITURE OF FUEL," to hold the said licence, powers, privileges, and
advantages o me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, for and during and
unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters

page_text: Patent next and immediately ensuing; and. in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that if I, the said James Neville, should not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent,. that- then the said. Letters Patent, and all liberties and advan-
tages whatsoever thereby granted should utterly cease, determine, and become
void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise not-
withstanding."
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said James
Neville, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and ascertained
in the explanation thereof now next following (that is to say) :-
I declare and describe the object and nature of my said Invention or
improvement to be, first, to generate or produce an equal quantity of steam by
means of a new and improved boiler or apparatus which shall occupy less space
than the boilers usually employed for such purpose; and, secondly, to effect a
saving of fucl by presenting a greater metallic surface, so formed and arranged
that the water in contact therewith may absorb a larger portion of the caloric
emitted or produced by the combustion of the fuel employed, likewise, by-pre-
venting the escape of any considerable portion of such caloric so long as the
intensity or temperature of the same may be usefully applied for the purpose of
generating steam; and, lastly, by certain contrivances for rarifying, expanding,
or enlarging-the-voluine of such steam after it has been so produced. These
objects. I effect in the following manner :-Fig. 1 represents the elevation of my
said new and improved boiler or apparatus in section; the letters A, A, A, A,
Fig. 4, shew the outside cylinder or case, which is made of wrought iron or
copper, or of any suitable material; in this cylinder or case is placed the fire-
place B, Fig. 1;. this is open in front, with doors R and S, Fig. 4, joined to
the external cylinder or case A, A, A, A, in which an aperture corresponding
with the mouth or open space of the fire-place B.is left. C, C, Fig. 1, shews
the fire bars which divide the fire-place into two equal compartments, the lower
one being the ash pit; the fire-place B is so placed in the external cylinder or
case A, A, A, A,, that the water-contained therein may be in contact with the
top, bottom, end, and sides of the said fire-place B, as shown in the section,
Fig 1, and in the ground plan, Fig. 2; the bottom of the external cylinder.or
case A, A, A, A, is closed by a plate bolted or rivetted thereto, and there is a

page_text: man-hole or aperture T, Fig. 4, left near the bottom of the external cylinder or
case A, A, A, A, for cleaning out the said apparatus, when required, and which
is closed in the usual manner; the top plate B, B, B, B, Fig. 2, of the fire-
place B, Fig. 1 and 2, is perforated with a sufficient number of circular holes,
which I recommend shall not exceed 2 inches diameter, the centre hole to be
left larger, say 6 inches diameter, as shewn in the ground plan, Fig. 2; into.
these holes are inserted an equal number of thin copper or other metallic tubes
or pipes, as shewn in the section, Fig, 1, and marked D, D, D, D, &c.; these
terminate and are inserted in the circular metallic plate E, E, Fig. 1, at top, and
which is perforated with a corresponding number of apertures or holes; the
plate E, E, Fig. 1, is surmounted by the copper or other metallic dome F, F,
Fig. 1, from which three or more elbow pipes, as shown by G, G, Fig. 1, project,
and are connected to the descending pipes or tubes H, H, Fig. 1, which pass
through the bottom of the external cylinder or case A, A, A, A, Fig. 1 and 2,
the said bottom being elevated about 6 inches on brick-work, or on a cast-iron
bed, as shewn by I, I, Fig. 1 aud 4, and which is closed on all sides except at
the flue K, Fig. 1 and 4; the water in the said apparatus A, A, A, A, Fig. 1, is
maintained to the height marked L, L, Fig. 1, so that the dome F, F, and all
the pipes or tubes already described, continue immersed therein; through the
interior of these pipes or tubes the draught passes or the flame, heated air, or
gases ascends through the small pipes D, D, D, D, &c., Fig. 1, to the dome
F, F, thence through the elbow pipes G, G, desceuding through the pipes I, II,
to the bottom of the apparatus, where the draught passes off through the flue
K to a stack or chimney, if required; the course of such draught is shewn by
arrows in the section, Fig. 1; the number and capacity or area of the said tubes
or pipes must in all cases bear a proportion to the extent of draught required,
and their total external surface should not be less than four square feet for
generating steam for each horse power, if applied to condensing engines, and
one-half of such proportion for high pressure engines. In order to expand,
rarify, or increase the volume of the steam after it has been formed in the said
apparatus, I cause it to descend through the pipe M, M, Fig. 1, which passes
through the top of the dome F, F, Fig. 1, thence through the centre tube, which
is made of sufficient diameter for this purpose; the steam pipe M, M, Fig. 1,
terminates with the oblate sphere N, Fig. 1, which is placed a short distance
above the fire, and from whence the steam so rarified is conveyed by the pipe
O, as shewn by the dotted lines in Fig. 4, which then passes through the top of
the door frame P, P, Fig. 2 and 4; the centre tube should be at least 2 inches
more in diameter than the steam pipe M, M, Fig. 1, so that the flame or heat

page_text: may act thereon in ascending through the centre pipe or tube; and the said steam
pipe M, M, Fig. 1, with the oblate sphere N, Fig. 1 and 4, should be cop-
per, to avoid rapid ozydizement, and I use my said apparatus either with or
without this latter contrivance for rarifying the steam. In order to increase
the effect of my said apparatus, I usually employ a mechanical blast or draught
for supplying the requisite quantity of atmospheric air for the perfect combustion
of the fuel, such as bellows or a fan formed by a number of revolving planes or
flyers placed in a spiral case; but as these machines do not form any part of
my present Invention or improvement, and are already sufficiently known, any
description of them is unnecessary. Where I apply such mechanical means for
producing the required blast or draught, I cause the same to enter through the
aperture Q, Fig. 4, into the ash pit, which is furnished with a door R, Fig. 4.
This door and the fire door S, Fig. 4, must be fitted accurately to the door
frame P, P, Fig. 1 and 4, to prevent the escape of the air so forced in, and
when I employ such mechanical blast I check the exit of the heated air or
gases by contracting the flue K, Fig. 1 and 4, by means of a damper, so that
the heat shall act with greater effect on the metallic surfaces in contact therewith.
Fig. 3 represents one of the tubes or pipes D, D, shewn in Fig. 1. U, U,
Fig. 3, are collars at each end; they are united to the top and bottom planks
either by brazing, revitting, or any other well-known method. Fig. 4 represents
an elevation of my said new and improved boiler or apparatus, which is supplied
with water by a force pump in the usual manner, and it is furnished with safety
valves, guage, cocks, and water float, which, being the common appendages to
steam boilers, do not require any description. The scale, Fig. 5, attached to
the Drawings, will furnish the relative proportions. Though I have given these
Drawings as an exemplification of my improved apparatus for producing steam,
yet I do not confine myself to any particular form in the manufacture of my
said apparatus, but make them and the smaller tubes or pipes either square,
oblong, eliptical, cylindrical, or any other shape and of any suitable materials;
and in some cases I vary the position and arrangement of the small metallic
tubes or pipes, and place them in an horizontal or oblique position, particularly
where altitude of such apparatus should be found inconvenient.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Neville, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-six.
JAMES (L.s.) NEVILLE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twelfth day of September
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid James Neville came before our Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and everything therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute in
that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Twelfth day of September in the year shove written