IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS." PROAL SPECIFIC
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Bibby, James Bibby, and John Baron, of Burnley,
William Baron, of Rochdale, Paper Bag Manufacturers, and Job Duerden, of
Burnley aforesaid, Foreman at Paper Bag Works, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby,
John Baron, William Baron, and Job Duerden at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents on the 19th June 1879.
THOMAS BIBBY, JAMES BIBBY, and JOHN BARON, of Burnley, WILLIAM BARON,
5 of Rochdale, Paper Bag Manufacturers, and JOB DUERDEN, of Burnley aforesaid,
Foreman at Paper Bag Works. *IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PAPER BAGS."
Our present improvements consist more particularly in the novel mode or manner
of making, forming, folding, and pasting the bottoms of paper bags, such bags being
formed from a continuous tub of paper previously prepared for that purpose,
which is carried forward and surrounds the mould or block fully described in Letters
Patent granted to us and dated the 24th day of August 1870, and numbered 2326.
In our present arrangement the internal mechanism in the mould or block is dis-
pensed with, but the wedges being still retained these we extend a little beyond
the end of the mould or block. We also attach pieces of metal to the sides of the
expanding or contracting jaws in such position as will form V shaped templets through
the medium of the extended wedges; these templets hold the paper in position for
the upper and lower folders to fold or lap in the first two folds or laps of the bottom
of the bag. This being done the folders retire to their normal position. A traverse
motion is given to a small lever or plate bearing against the folds already laid, and
is so timed by the action of a tappet or similar contrivance, as to be carried with the
paper bag thus partially formed until the required length is obtained. With the
severing of the bag a necker or lever is brought into action, arranged in such manner
that it shall so bear against the bag as to cause the bottom to fall, laying it in a
Din B31

page_text: position level with the remaining portion of the bag. The necker at the same time
liberates the before mentioned lever or plate, and in so doing turns in the remaining
folds of the bag. To assist in this operation we propose to make the calendering
rollera concave and convex, thus greatly assisting the small lever and necker to
close the last two folds of the bag. These form an essential feature of the present 5
Invention. Bags thus formed will have a much superior appearance than others
Dade in machines not having the before mentioned appliances to them.
We further arrange an improved paster, operated on by crank or tappet and slotted
groove, which shall have a rising and falling as well as a reciprocating motion for the
purpose of pasting between the first two folds or laps of the bag, pasters being used 1
as formerly, and named in the before recited Letters Patent, to paste the remaining
two folds

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby, John Baron, William Baron, and Job
Duerden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th December 1879.
THOMAS BIBBY, Jamés Bibby, and JOHN BARON, of Burnley, WILLIAM BARON,
of Rochdale, Paper Bag Manufacturers, and JOB DUERDEN, of Burnley aforesaid,.
Foreman at Paper Bag Works: "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PAPER BAGS":
Our present improvements consist more particularly in the novel mode or manner
of forming, folding, and pasting the bottoms of paper bags, such bags being formed
from a continuous tube of paper previously prepared for that purpose, which is
carried forward and surrounds the mould or block fully described in Letters Patent
granted to us, and dated the 24th day of August 1870, and numbered 2826. In
our present arrangement the internal mechanism in the mould or block is dispensed
with, but the wedges are still retained; these we extend a little beyond the end of:
the mould or. block. We also attach pieces of metal to the sides of the expanding
or.contracting jaws in such position as will form V shaped templates. Through the
medium of the extended wedges these templates hold the paper in position for the
upper and lower folders to fold; or lap in the first two folds or laps of the
bottom of the bag. This being done the folders retire to their normal position.
A traverse motion is given to a small lever or plate bearing against the folds already.
laid, and is so timed by the action of a tappet or similar contrivance as to be carried
with the paper bag thus partially formed until the required length is obtained.
With the severing of the bag a necker or lever is. brought into action, arranged in
such manner that it shall so bear against the bag as to cause the bottom portion to
fall, laying it in a position level with the remaining portion of the bag. The necker
at the same time liberates the before mentioned lever or plate, and in so doing
turns in the remaining folds of the bag. To assist in this operation we propose to
make the calendering rollers concave and convex, thus greatly assisting the small
lever and necker to close the last two folds of. the bag. These form an essential
feature of the present Invention. -
We further arrange our improved paster so as to be operated on by crank or.
tappet and slotted groove, which shall have a rising and falling as well as a recipro-
cating motion for the purpose of pasting between the first two folds or laps of the
bag. By these improvements the bottom of the bag will have a much superior
appearance, and made more rapidly than others made in machines not having the.
before mentioned appliances to them.
Such being the nature and object. of this our said. Invention, we will now
proceed to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same may be clearly
understood we have hereunto annexed 2 Sheets of Drawings illustrative thereof, and
have marked the same with figures and letters of reference, the same letters.
referring to the same parts in the various views and Figures; Figure 1 represents
a. side view; Figure 2, a plan; Figure 3;. a sectional elevation of a paper bag
machine to which our improvements are applied; Figure 4 represents a transverse.
section of Figure 1 taken through the line A, A; Figure 5 represents a pair of
hinged shears The position they assume at the time of severing the bag is shown
in dotted lines; Figure 6 is a side elevation reverse to Figure 1; Figures 7, 8, 9,-
and 10 are enlarged views of a mould or block; Figures 11 and 12 are enlarged:
views of an apparatus which assists in closing in parts of the folds or laps of the
bag; Figure 18 represents an enlarged view of our improved top paster; the position.
Lit assumes when pasting is shown in dotted lines..

page_text: A is the framework of the machine; B is the driving shaft to which a continuous
revolving motion is imparted. This driving shaft carries a spur pinion which gives
motion through a carrier wheel to the spur wheel b' and shaft b². From the
shaft 6 most parts of the machine are actuated. Supported in bearings at one end
of the framework is the roll of paper tube C, from which is withdrawn at intervals
a supply of tube by the projecting arm or lever c'. This arm or lever is actuated
by means of the link c³, and the lever c³ from the grooved cam D placed on the
shaft b behind the spur pinion b¹. The paper tube in passing into the machine is
supported by the roller c, and surrounds the mould or block E constructed with
movable jaws e¹; from the end of these project pieces of metal e³ and the lever
wedges e. These projections form V shaped templates, as shewn in Figures 7
and 8, the purposes of which are hereinafter described. In Figures 9 and 10 are
shewn the end views of the mould or block against which the two first folds of the
bottom of the bag are subsequently formed. The continuous tube of paper is
passed along the mould or block intermittently by the metal feed rollers F. These
are connected together by the mitre wheels and upright shaft f, and on the end of
the lower roller shaft is fixed the pinion f in which is geared the spur wheel ƒ³.
To the face of the said spur wheel is secured the ratchet wheel f; these revolve on
the studs, and mounted on the same is the vibrating lever f³ to which is fixed a
box f' containing a number of metallic plates free to move up and down therein;
these drop upon the said ratchet wheel, acting as clicks or catches The said
vibrating lever is connected by an arm to the adjustable crank pin fs. An inter-
mittent motion will thus be given to the metal feed rollers F. The periphery of
these also press between the two anti-friction bowls e placed near the upper and
lower surfaces of the aforesaid mould or block, retaining the same in position
during the feed action of the metal feed rollers. For the purpose of severing the
bag when the required amount of tube has been paid out by the said metal feed
rollers, a pair of hinged shears G may be used, as shewn in Figure 5. Actuated by
the grooved cam g' through the medium of the vertical slide bar g and the bent
link g³, the shears assume the position shown in dotted lines at the time of severing
the bag. The relative position of the shears in the machine are shewn at G in the
plan view, Figure 2. The distance of these from the end of the mould or block
will determine the amount of overlap to form the bottom of the bag. During the
time of severing the bag the movable jaws will remain closed, as shewn in
Figure 10, and thus relieve the strain that would otherwise be put upon the tube :
at this time. The bag being severed, the lever wedges e³ are now pushed between
the movable jaws by the action of the levers or fingers e vibrating with tho
vertical spindles e, to which is also secured the small levers e'. These are actuated
by the lever from a projection or tappet on the cam D, whereby the lever wedges
and the movable jaws will assume the position shewn in Figures 7 and 9. The
overlap is now ready to be acted upon to form the bottom portion of the bag. We
will now proceed to describe the mechanism employed for forming, folding, and
pasting the bottoms of paper bags. An apparatus seen in Figure 11 performs
important functions during the formation of the bottom of the bag; H is a brackot
mounted on the horizontal spindle h¹, so as to be capable of sliding backward and
forward thereon. From this bracket projects a stud from which is suspended the
small fork lever h², which is drawn against a stop piece on the said bracket by the
action of the spiral spring h³. When against this stop piece, the small fork lever
will assume a perpendicular position in which it is kept by the catch lever h*,
having dropped into a recess formed in the collar of the said small fork lever, in
which it remains until required to be released therefrom, and the purposes of which
apparatus are hereinafter described.
With the severing of the bag our improved top paster is brought into action,
seen in Figure 13, for the purpose of pasting together the two first folds of the bag
when laid, A small lever J mounted on a stud attached to the end of the long arm

page_text: of the bell cranked lever 5. From one end of the said mounted lever projects a
pin, which is caused to move in the curved slot of the bracket 3, which will with
the forward movement of the same become depressed, and thereby cause the
opposite end to be raised from the side trough 7, as seen in dotted lines in Figure 13,
and thus deposits a supply of paste on the top of the tube just severed. A grooved
cam placed on the side shaft 7 gives the required motion by raising and lowering
the short arm of the bell crank lever before referred to. The upper folder K. is now
lowered from its elevated position, as seen in the various views, radiating with the
horizontal spindle k', and is supported by the adjustable bearings secured to the
standards The said lowering action turns in the first fold against the end of
the hereinbefore mentioned mould or block. The mechanism actuating the upper
folder is similar in action to that of the lower (the description of the latter will
therefore answer for the former). With the return movement of the upper folder
the lower folder becomes elevated from the size trough, radiating also in a spindle
parallel to the upper spindle and supported in similar adjustable brackets. In
folding the lower folder will also deposit an amount of size or paste upon the outer
surface of the second fold. The paste thus spread will adhere to the two folds sub-
sequently to be laid. For the purpose of actuating the lower folder we attach to
the end of the said spindle a lever connected by link to the lever kº acted upon
by the grooved cam . The Vabaped templates before mentioned in the meantime
will have retained the two projecting side folds in position. During the time of the
foregoing operation, and with the receding action of the lower folder, the small fork
lever previously described bears against and supports the partially formed bag,
and is now carried along at the same surface speed with the delivery of the metal feed
rollers to the length or depth of one bag by the action of the lever h, arm he, and
lever o³, from the grooved cam D. The catch lever being at this time raised out of
contact with the said fork lever hª by the plate h?.
A movable platform mounted on pivots, seen in plan view, Figure 2, on which
the bag is delivered, is raised into an inclined position by means of the cam
and lever l' and bears up the under portion of the tube.
Simultaneously with the severing of the bag from the tube the cranked necker m
jointed and actuated as seen in Figure 6, slides down the curved slot of the bracket m³,
and so bears against the upper surface of the bag just severed as to cause the bottom
portion to fall, laying it in a position level with the remaining portion thereof.
During the foregoing operation the small fork lever h being on its return to meet
and support the next bag is drawn over the necker m, and by its action turns in the
two remaining folds. When it again resumes its perpendicular position against the stop
by the action of the spring h³ the catch lever also drops again into the recess of the
collar of the said fork lever. The bag in the meantime being carried forward by
the necker m between the convex and concave rollers n, these finally lay, finish,
and press the bottom of the bag. The revolving of these rollers is obtained
through the medium of the mitre wheels n' and shaft .
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of this
our said Invention, together with the best method with which we are acquainted
for carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be understood we do not
confine ourselves to the exact details set forth, as the same may be varied without
departing from the Invention, but what we claim is,—
Firstly. The peculiar feature of closing in one or more of the folds or laps forming
the bottom of the bag during the passage of the bag to the finishing or calendering
rollers, substantially as set forth.
Second. The improved method of pasting the bottoms of paper bags.
Third. The arrangement of radial folders as described and set forth.
Fourth. The stationary V shaped templates for purposes herein described.
Fifth. The arrangement of the small lever and necker m, used in the manner
and for the purposes herein set forth.

page_text: Sixth. The concave and convex rollers n for the purpose of laying and pressing
the folds forming the bottom of the bag.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby, John Baron,
William Baron, and Job Duerden, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Fifteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.