Improvements in Weft Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Weft Pile Fabrics.
I, LEVI FISH, of Spa Mill, Marsh Lane, Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The improvements relate to weft pile fabrics and have for object to produce,
in manner hereinafter described, a pile fabric having cut pile upon the surface
and which shall, at the same time, present further raised or heavier portions
of cut pile, whether in the form of stripes, or otherwise.
To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, I weave those portions
of the fabric forming the lower surface, as in an ordinary weft pile fabric, but
when it is desired to produce the raised portions aforesaid, I operate the healds
so as to make longer floats, by preference about double the length of the
remainder, but so as to cause the centres of such long floats to come opposite,
in the cutting line, to corresponding short floats on the lower surface.
The cutting of the double pile thus formed may be effected by a cutting
knife having a tapering guide and blade, the portions whereof nearest the
point may be capable of entering and cutting the narrower races, of the lower
surfaces of the cloth; while the broader and higher parts of such guide and
blade may in turn enter and cut the wider races forming the heavier pile of
the raised surfaces of such cloth.
Variations in detail, such as in the design of either the raised or the lower
surfaces may be made without departing from the peculiar character of the
invention.
Naam 1900
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.
I, LEVI FISH, of Spa Mill, Marsh Lane, Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and.
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The improvements relate to weft pile fabrics, and have for object to produce,
in manner hereinafter described, a pile fabric having cut pile upon the surface,
and which shall, at the same time, present further raised or heavier portions
of cut pile, whether in the form of stripes, or otherwise.

page_text: To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, I weave those portions
of the fabric forming the lower surface, as in an ordinary weft pile fabric, but
when it is desired to produce the raised portions aforesaid, I operate the healds
so as to make longer floats, by preference about double the length of the
remainder, but so as to cause the centres of such long floats to come opposite
or sufficiently nearly opposite, in the cutting line, to corresponding short floats
on the lower surface.
!
The cutting of the double-piler thus formed may be effected by a cutting
knife having a tapering guide and blade, the portions whereof nearest the
point may be capable of entering and cutting the narrower races of the lower
surfaces of the cloth; while the broader and higher parts of such guide and
blade may in turn enter and cut the wider races forming the heavier pile of
the raised surfaces of such cloth.
But that the improvements may be better understood I will, with the aid
of the accompanying drawings, proceed more fully to describe means employed
by me.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a diagramatic plan view of a portion of one form of cloth woven
ready to be operated upon by the cutting knife according to my improvements.
The cloth thus illustrated is one of stripe formation, and the bracket A indicates
the width, much enlarged, of one stripe, and the bracket B similarly indicates the
width of another and contiguous stripe. The whole diagram is however for
the sake of clearness greatly exaggerated as to the relative distances apart of
the various threads, their thicknesses, and the lengths of floats of weft.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the cutting end portion of a fustian cutting knife
of a form which will enable it to be used for cutting asunder the floats of weft
in each of the several stripes forming part of the cloth.
The knife shown is not drawn to the same scale as the diagram.
The same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a, al, are the ordinary warp threads, of which a form what are known as the
pile ends for holding the floats of weft in position, and a¹ form what are known
as the binding ends alternating with the warps a.
b, b', are the weft threads, of which b form what are known as the pile picks,
and b form what are known as the binding picks. These latter are indicated
by waved lines merely to distinguish them clearly from pile wefts.
I weave those portions forming the lower or shorter pile surface, such as
for instance the stripe indicated by the bracket A, as in an ordinary weft pile
fabric; but when it is desired to produce the raised or longer pile portions
aforesaid, such as the stripe indicated by the bracket B, I operate the healds
so as to make longer floats 33, by preference about double the length of the
remainder, but so as to cause the centres of the floats to fall opposite or nearly
opposite, in the cutting line, to the corresponding short floats 2 on the lower
surface.
The cutting of the double pile floats and 2 thus formed may be effected
by a fustian cutting knife formed as indicated in Fig. 2, the portions whereof
nearest the point, such as at A¹, are capable of entering and cutting the
narrower races or floated wefts 62 of the lower surfaces of the cloth, while the
broader and higher parts of such guide and blade, as at B₁, may in turn cut
the wider races or floated wefts 63 all in the one direction indicated by the
arrows in Fig. 1 of the drawings, thu's forming the longer pile of the raised
surfaces of such cloth when woven as illustrated in the drawings, and as will
be readily understood by persons skilled in the art of fustian cutting. The
points of separation of the various floats by the knife are, however, marked
in the drawings by crosses X X.
Variations in detail, such as in the position or arrangement and design or
drafting of either the raised or the lower surfaces whether longitudinally,

page_text: laterally, or in figures or in the lengths of pile, and more than two varying
lengths may be employed; and also the particular form of the knife used for
cutting the floats of weft for forming the various cut pile surfaces, may be made
without departing from the peculiar character of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
A weft pile fabric of stripe or other formation, having one or more raised or
longer portions of cut pile in combination with ordinary or shorter portions
of cut pile, and which fabric is previously woven so as to enable a cutting
knife of suitable form to be used for severing the floats of races composed of
the different lengths of pile in the cloth, whether at one cutting operation or
of the knife, or otherwise, substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 11th day of August 1900.
run
"
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.