IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR. PICKING, CARDING, AND SPINNING BOTH OLD AND NEW CORDAGE, AND ALL MATERIALS SUITABLE FOR THE CAULKING OF SHIPS, FOR COMBING FLAX AND HEMP, AND FOR PICKING BAGS AND OTHER TEXTILE MATERIALS, PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Latour, of Vigean, in the Department
of the Gironde, and Republic of France, at present residing at No. 4,
Old Compton Street, Soho, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR. PICKING,
CARDING, AND SPINNING BOTH OLD AND NEW CORDAGE, AND ALL MATERIALS
SUITABLE FOR THE CAULKING OF SHIPS, FOR COMBING FLAX AND HEMP, AND
FOR PICKING BAGS AND OTHER TEXTILE MATERIALS,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Latour at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th May 1875.
I, HENRY LATOUR, of Vigean, in the Department of the Gironde, and
5 Republic of France, at present residing at No. 4, Old Compton Street,
Soho, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PICKING,
CARDING, AND SPINNING BOTH OLD AND NEW CORDAGE, AND ALL MATERIALS

page_text: SUITABLE FOR THE CAULKING OF SHIPS, FOR COMBING FLAX AND HEMP, AND FOR
PICKING RAGS AND OTHER TEXTILE MATERIALS," to be as follows :—
These improvements relate to the machine for which I obtained
Letters Patent, dated 14th November 1871, and Numbered 3063.
I propose to remove from the said machine the opening by which the
pieces of cordage or other materials not immediately picked are thrown
out and brought back upon the endless cloth, replacing the said opening
by a brush of the same dimensions as the other brushes upon the inside
of the cover, bolted on the frame and covering the top of the drum; and
I further propose to remove all the steel combs from between the
brushes upon the said cover, replacing these combs with brushes, also of
the same dimensions as those now used, the effect of these improvements
being that no filament can pass from the machine without having been
well picked..
The drum will be of wood or of metal and the plates of copper; steel,
or iron carrying the teeth, or combs will be riveted and bolted inside the
drum over its entire circumference.
I also propose to cover all the joints of the various parts of the machine
with guard plates to protect them from the introduction of filaments.
I further propose to separate the spinning from the picking machine
in order to permit the latter to work with greater power and speed, to
provide the spinning machine with a second framing carrying a fly
wheel and crank to permit its being driven by manual power, and to
place a fly wheel on the shaft of the drum of the picking machine to
make it work more regularly and with great power.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Latour in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th November 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
LATOUR, of Vigean, in the Department of the Gironde and Republic of 30
France, at present residing at No. 4, Old Compton Street, Soho, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: picked.
I make the drum of wood or of metal with the plates of copper, steel,
or iron carrying the teeth or combs, riveted and bolted inside the drum
over its entire circumference.
I also cover all the joints of the various parts of the machine with
guard plates to protect them from the introduction of filaments.
I separate the spinning from the picking machine in order to permit
the latter to work with greater power and speed. I provide the spinning
machine with a second framing carrying a fly wheel and crank to
permit its being driven by manual power, and finally I place a fly wheel
on the shaft of the drum of the picking machine to make it work more
regularly and with greater power.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing shows machinery embodying
these improvements, Figure 1 representing a side view or elevation of
my improved picking and carding machine, and Figure 2 a plan of
same.
Figure 3 represents a side view of my improved spinning machine
detached, and Figure 4 is a plan of the sanie.
"
In Figs. 1 and 2 A, A, indicate the side frames secured together by :
cross pieces for carrying the drum and gearing; B, the drum, having a
number of steel teeth c secured on to its circumference by bolts and
rivets on the inside; C, sheet-iron cover, on the inner face of which
are fastened the brushes d, d; D, the guide for discharge opening;
E, E, brackets for carrying endless cloth belt t; F, fly wheel secured :
to drum shaft a; G, hand lever for throwing feed motion in and out of
gear; a, shaft for carrying the drum B; a', stud or pin for lever L to
work on; b, b³, pullies secured on to end of cross shaft a; c, teeth of
steel or other suitable material rivetted and bolted on to circumference
of drum B; d, brushes fastened to inner face of cover C; e, guard
plates; ff, feed rollers; g, roller for carrying endless cloth belt t;
h, pulley for 'driving small revolving brush B'; k, k¹, pulleys working
on intermediate shaft T, and by means of which motion is conveyed
from the cross shaft a to pulley p; q, pinion secured on to shaft T and
gearing into wheel r; a, adjusting screws for regulating position of a
brushes d, d.

page_text: "
In Figs. 3 and 4 A, A¹, represent the side cheeks of frame for
carrying spinning machine; F is the shaft; N, the opening or mouth
of same; N¹, the eye or outlet for cordage; V, V, V₁, rings or eye bolts;
V³, ring attached to reel Z for fastening end of cord; Z, the reel; K, spur
wheel secured on to shaft Z'; L, pinion gearing with same; M, cross-
threaded screw shaft; m, nut, to which is attached the eye bolt V₁;
n, guide rod for nut; S, the sley; J, centrebit fastened on to shaft F
by means of the set screw j; O, carriage or bearing for either end of
shaft y; P, fly wheel; Q, crank for driving spinner by hand power;
2', q, grooved pulleys for driving by machine power.
I will now describe the picking and carding, reference being had to
Figs. 1 and 2. The materials to be picked and carded are treated as set
forth in the Specification to my Letters Patent, No. 3063, A.D. 1871, or
otherwise softened and dried, or taken in their natural state, according to
their nature and condition, and placed upon the endless cloth t actuated
by the roller g, and are brought between the rollers f, f¹, powerfully
pressed against each other by means of the weight W placed at the end
of the lever L jointed at a', and acting by its other end upon the roller ƒ³
to press it against that f. In this way the materials to be picked are,
by reason of a certain speed of the rollers, submitted little by little to
the action of the teeth of the drum B to be picked and carded. The
brushes & placed on the entire periphery of the cover C covering the top
of the drum B and bolted on the frame A are intended to keep the
filaments in the teeth of the drum B, and further are capable of being
brought nearer to or further from the drum B by means of the adjusting
screws .
The cylindrical brush B¹ with circular movement in the direction
indicated by the arrow on the Drawing is intended to remove the picked
and carded materials from the teeth of the drum B, and it sends them
always, by reason of the centrifugal force, upon the guiding curve D,
from which they fall from the machine. This brush at the same time
frees the toothing of the drum from the matters which might choke it.
In some cases where the accumulation of dirt is greater a second circular
brush may be employed to secure a more complete cleaning of the
toothing. The speed of the cleaning brush should be ten times as rapid
as that of the teeth of the drum B.
The movement of the rollers and f¹ is given by means of the toothed
19
P
11
1
3

page_text: on the shaft T, which receives a pulley p, itself receiving motion from
the drum ¹ or pulley set on the intermediate shaft T' carrying the
pulley k, receiving its movement from the shaft a of the drum B by
means of the small pulley b'. The shaft T is shifting, and for this
purpose passes into the socket of the lever M jointed at M', the result
being that this lever serves to throw in and out of gear the pinion of the
shaft T of the wheel r', and therefore to stop the working at will by
rendering the rollers f and f¹ stationary. The roller 7 receives its
motion from the shaft of the roller ƒ by means of a toothed gearing, and
when the rollers fand f¹ are stopped by the action of the lever M. the
endless cloth is also arrested. The two pulleys, one fast the other loose,
sét on the shaft a receive motion from any available motive power. The
circular brush B¹ receives its movement by a belt from the pulley b set
on the shaft a of the drum B.
I will now describe the spinning, reference being had to Figs. 2 and 3.
The materials intended to be spun are taken as they issue from the
picking and carding machine by the workwoman, who after giving them
a preliminary twist introduces them into the opening N of the shaft of
the spinner, passes them through the orifice N, then through the rings
or eye bolts V and V¹, and finally fastens them to the ring V³ fixed on
the reel Z. The ring V₁ guided by the rod m is drawn along with an
alternate rectilineal movement by the cross-headed screw M, which
receives its rotary motion from the pinion L and toothed wheel K set on
the shaft F, and calculated so as to produce a forward motion of the
ring V proportionate to the speed of rotation of the reel in suchwise that
the cordage may easily wind upon it. At the end of its journey the
ring V returning automatically at the same speed again guides the
winding of the cordage.
The twisting of the thread is effected as in all spinning machines by
means of a difference of speed between the reel Z and the shaft F
governing the rotation of the sley S, and consequently the motion of the
cross-threaded screw M. The shaft F carries the grooved pulley q¹, and
the reel is driven by means of a single crossed and doubled belt from
any convenient motive power. The reel may be easily and rapidly
removed when filled by means of the socket with pin J, of which it is
only necessary to loosen the adjusting screw to be able to retire it. The
reel Z is then freed on one side, and as on the other it is set in any con-
venient way on its shaft Z', it is casily withdrawn. To substitute