Pipes or Vessels Containing Fluid under Pressure.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1889
Pipes or Vessels Containing Fluid under Pressure.
We, EDWIN JAMES PRESTON, of the firm of J. Stone and Company, Engineers.
and ALFRED THOMAS CORNISH in the employ of the said firm both of Deptford
in the County of Kent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the apparatus known as Morris's patent apparatus for drilling and tapping water
mains, described in his Specification No. 1615 of 1876 the drilling and tapping is
effected by manipulation of a double handed wrench that fits on a steel spindle to
which is attached a drilling and tapping tool, the necessary pressure or feed being
obtained by occasional screwing down of the gun metal nut by means of handles
thereon which nut bears on a loose sleeve that surrounds the spindle and again bears
on a shoulder on the aforesaid spindle. Now we improve the construction of the
apparatus by providing a ratchet handle or lever for the spindle and a ratchet wheel
on the nut and so that the pawl or pawls can be easily thrown out. of gear or into
gear according as a mere turning of the spindle or a turning and simultaneous feed
or forward or backward motion be desired. Instead of the flat leather washer now
used around the spindle for preventing the escape of the water when the hole.
made in the pipe we prefer to employ a hydraulic cup leather in a recess
formed in the aforesaid loose sleeve thus ensuring a water-tight joint while diminishing
the friction. The ferrule which is inserted through the slide after the tapping has
been effected we make with a protecting cap provided with joint washer and having.
a hole for admitting a key which is to bo inserted into the recess in the screwed
plug so that this latter may be screwed up or down in the ferrule as may be necessary
or we form the plug with a projecting part coming through the protecting cap.
Thated this 90th dow of Anni 1000

page_text: Pipes or Vessels Containing Fluid under Pressure.
We, EDWIN JAMES PRESTON of the firm of J. Stone and Company Engineers and
ALFRED THOMAS CORNISH in the employ of the said firm both of Deptford in the
County of Kent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner.
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
In the apparatus known as Morris's patent apparatus for drilling and tapping water
mains, described in his Specification No. 1615 of 1876 the drilling and tapping are
effected by manipulation of a double handed wrench that fits on a steel spindle to
which is attached a drilling and tapping tool, the necessary pressure or feed being
obtained by occasional screwing down of the gun metal nut by means of handles
thereon which nut bears on a loose sleeve that surrounds the spindle and again bears
on a shoulder on the aforesaid spindle:.
Now we improve the construction of the apparatus by providing a ratchet handle
or lever for the spindle and a ratchet wheel on the nut and so that the pawl or pawls
can be easily thrown out of gear or into gear according as a mere turning of the
spindle or a turning and simultaneous feed or forward or backward motion be
desired. Instead of the flat leather washer now used around the spindle for
preventing the escape of the water when the hole is made in the pipe we prefer to
employ a hydraulic cup leather in a recess formed in the aforesaid loose sleeve thus
ensuring a water tight joint while diminishing the friction. The ferrule which is
inserted through the slide after the tapping has been effected we make with a
protecting cap provided with joint washer and having a hole for admitting a key
which is to be inserted into the recess in the screwed plug so that this latter may be
screwed up or down in the ferrule as may be necessary.
And in order that our invention may be more easily understood we will describe
one form of same with reference to the accompanying drawings of which Figure 1 is
a sectional view, Figure 2 a plan. Figure is a sectional view of the lower part of
the apparatus at right angles to that shewn in Figure 1 and Figure 4 is a vertical
section of a ferrule or pipe connection to be used with this apparatus, and Fig. 4* is
also a similar part sectional view of a modification of the ferrule.
The apparatus is as before mentioned provided with a ratchet handle A for the
spindle B and a ratchet wheel C keyed onto a central boss D secured to the spindle
for instance by a square thereon and a pin b as shewn or the ratchet wheel might be
attached direct to the spindle B and so that the double pawl E can be easily thrown
in or out of gear by means of the insertion of a pin or pins e into one or both of the

page_text: oblong holes a a¹ in the ratchet lever A, according as a mere turning one way or the
other of the spindle B or a turning and simultaneous feed or forward or backward
motion be desired. The thread on the socket G must not in any case be such as to
allow the-tool to be fed quicker than its thread allows or jambing or stripping of the
thread in the hole will ensue. We make the spindle B long enough so as to allow
for its rising or falling movement whilst tapping independently of the feed screw N.
Instead of the flat leather washers now used around the spindle for preventing the
escape of the water when the hole is made in the pipe we prefer to employ a hydraulic
cup leather or similar rubber packing ring f in a recess in the loose sleeve F, an
annular screwed part 1 permitting the insertion of the cup leather, thus ensuring a
watertight joint while diminishing the friction. In some cases we may dispense with
the screwed ring f¹. A similar cup leather g may be inserted in an annular groove
in socket G thus ensuring a tight joint between the said socket and the sliding sleeve..
g is a groove in the inside of the socket G for allowing the fluid to get up.above
the lower enlarged part of the tool holder thus giving back pressure behind the tool,
or a groove might be cut in the enlarged part of the lower part of the spindle B for
the same purpose.
Referring to Figure 4 the ferrule or pipe connection H I there shewn and used in
connection with the apparatus is made with a protecting cap h provided with a joint
washer and having a hole above for admitting a key which is to be inserted into
the recess in the upper part of the screwed plug i so that this latter may be screwed
up into the upper part I or down into the ferrule H as may be necessary.
The
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The combined drilling and tapping.
tool is screwed into the lower enlarged part of the spindle B and is secured there by
means of a cotter or is secured therein in any other convenient manner; the
saddle piece L carrying the socket G and the rest of the apparatus is then placed
over the pipe in the desired position and secured there by means of the slotted
arms Land clamping bolt or bolts or chains or in any other suitable manner.
ratchet lever A is worked with the pin e in the hole a¹ as shewn, the screwed lever m
is slightly screwed up so as to lock the feed nut N with the extension boss of the
ratchet wheel C for the time being and as the screw n takes into the annular groove
in the said extension boss, the ratchet wheel always keeps the same position with
regard to the feed nut although capable of revolving independently thereto when the
screwed lever is released by unscrewing.
It is obvious that any other suitable form of retaining or jambing device might be
used instead of the screwed lever m. When the tool K reaches the surface of the
pipe to be drilled and tapped, the necessary pressure must be given by means of the
screwed lever m in order to ensure the amount of feed to be given to the tool.
The hole having been made and tapped the tool is withdrawn the screwed lever again
tightened whereby the feed nut N will be raised on actuating the ratchet lever A.
The screw O is then turned and effects the closing of the slide P so that the whole of
that part of the apparatus connected to the feed nut N may be removed without fear
of escape of the fluid.. The tool is now detached from the spindle B and the screwed
plug i of the ferrule H with the ferrule screwed thereon is screwed into the spindle
in place of the tool. When the feed nut has been screwed on to the socket G again
the slide P is drawn back and the ferrule is screwed down into its place with the
plug therein. The whole apparatus is then removed and the upper part I of the
pipe connection is screwed onto the ferrule so that when the desired connection to
the service pipe of a house for instance has been made, the plug i may be unscrewed
and rising in the part I comes against the washer and forms a tight joint thus
preventing any escape there. Fig. 44 shows a modification in which the form of the
caph is slightly modified and the leather washer / extends across the cover so that
both the plug and the upper part I form their seating thereon.
By the improvements hereinbefore described the connections between the water.
main and a service may be made in less time and with less labour, thus rendering the
tool much more useful,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
The improved construction of apparatus for establishing communication with pipes
or vessels containing fluid under pressure, substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this Eighteenth day of January 1889.
LOOG.
EDWIN JAMES PRESTON.
ALFRED THOMAS CORNISH.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.