IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN TREATING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Brookes, of 62, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent and Registration Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN TREATING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
A communication from abroad by Henry Illingworth, of the Firm of "Daniel
Illingworth and Sons," of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner,
at present residing at Algiers, Algeria.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Brookes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1878.
WILLIAM BROOKES, of 62, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
and Registration Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN TREATING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES." (A communication from abroad by Henry Illingworth,
of the Firm of "Daniel Illingworth and Sons," of Bradford, in the County of York,
Worsted Spinner, at present residing at Algiers, Algeria.)
In treating wool and other fibres to collect them from the preparing process into
balls, according to arrangements at present adopted, a twist is of necessity formed
in the sliver when drawing the sliver out from the centre of such balls, and to
remove this twist when required entails additional cost.
The object of this part of the Invention is, by putting in an opposite twist to
the sliver in the formation of the balls, to avoid the necessity for the subsequent
operation of untwisting. For this purpose the sliver in its passage to the ball
passes through a hollow tube, and thence by a compound arm therefrom, carrying a
feeder acting as a conductor to lay the sliver around the ball spindle or shell for
the formation of the desired ball.
The parts of the compound arm are capable of adjustment, and the motion of
the hollow spindle with the compound arm and feeder carried thereby, as well as
the extent of pressure or friction put on the sliver during the formation of a ball,
are effected by frictional pressure acting with the motive power employed. End-
way motion is given to the ball spindle or shell, on which the ball is formed for

page_text: the desired traverse. By these means one turn of twist is uniformly put into the
sliver with each lap in the formation of the ball, and irrespective of the diameter
for the time of such ball or part ball.
The improvements also relate, when combining two or more separate rovings or
yarns, to means for breaking or separating the second or other of such rovings or
yarns when one of them breaks or is used up.
In carrying out this part of the Invention I apply a knot or other enlargement
at or near the end of each of such rovings or yarns, and they are all, in their
passage from the feed means to the delivery rollers, passed within a loop or fork
carried by a lever arm, the outer end of which carries a comb or such like teeth;
and this lever arm is placed in position, such, that as a knot or enlargement comes
up to it the lever is drawn over with its comb on to the combined rovings or yarns,
so as to cause the breakage or separation of all of them; or in the event of breakage
of any one of the rovings or yarns the broken end by falling on to another comb
or such like teeth on the lever arm causes a like action to the lever to bring its
comb or such like teeth on to the other roving or yarn, or rovings or yarns,
to cause the fracture of all of them.
.
In folding two or more threads together, and at the same time twisting them as
they are wound on to the bobbin, the stop motion is arranged so as to stop at the
same moment the spindle and the roller or rollers through or around which the
threads are delivered to the spindle, which gives the requisite twist and winds
the twisted yarn on to the bobbin. Each thread passes through a guide placed
before the roller or rollers, which guide, when the thread breaks or is used up,
drops on to or in front of an oscillating bar or other convenient arrangement, and
prevents the bar from making its usual traverse, and by a simple arrangement (the
shaft on which this bar works being still oscillating) a spring or other catch is
displaced, which is connected to a friction clutch or other equivalent arrangement,
which communicates the motion to the pulley or pulleys which drive the rollers
and spindle, and this being thrown out of gear or stopped the spindle roller at once
ceases to revolve.
An advantage of this arrangement is, that by the motion to the rollers and
spindles being communicated from the same source the twist is more regular, and
hard or soft places in the thread produced will be avoided.
These details may be varied.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Brookes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th
September 1878.
WILLIAM BROOKES, of 62, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
and Registration Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN TREATING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES." (A communication from abroad by Henry Illingworth,
of the Firm of Daniel Illingworth and Sons, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Worsted Spinner, at present residing at Algiers, Algeria.)
In treating wool and other fibres to collect them from the preparing process into
balls, according to arrangements at present adopted, a twist is of necessity formed
in the. sliver when drawing the sliver out from the centre of such balls, and to
remove this twist when required entails additional cost.
The object of the first part of this Invention is by putting in an opposite twist
to the sliver in the formation of the balls to avoid the necessity for the subsequent
operation of untwisting. For this purpose the sliver in its passage to the ball
passes through a hollow tube, and thence by a compound arm therefrom, carrying a
feeder acting as a conductor to lay the sliver around the ball spindle or shell for
the formation of the desired ball.
The parts of the compound arm are capable of adjustment, and the motion of
the hollow spindle with the compound arm and feeder carried thereby, as well as
the extent of pressure or friction put on the sliver during the formation of a ball,
are effected by frictional pressure acting with the motive power employed. End-
way motion is given to the ball spindle or shell, on which the ball is formed for
the desired traverse. By these means one turn of twist is uniformly put into the
sliver with each lap in the formation of the ball, and irrespective of the diameter
for the time of such ball or part ball.
The improvements relate, secondly, when combining two or more separate rovings
or yarns, to means for breaking or separating the second or other of such rovings
or yarns when one of them breaks or is used up.
In carrying out this part of the Invention I apply a knot or other enlargement
at or near the end or other part of each of such rovings or yarns, and they are all
in their passage from the feed means to the delivery rollers passed within a loop
or fork carried by a lever arm, the outer end of which carries a comb or such like
teeth;
and this lever arm is placed in position, such, that as a knot or enlargement
comes up to it the lever is drawn over with its comb on to the combined rovings
or yarns, so as to cause the breakage or separation of all of them; or in the event
of breakage of any one of the rovings or yarns the broken end by falling on to
another comb or such like teeth on the lever arm causes a like action to the lever.
to bring its comb or such like teeth on to the other roving or yarn, or rovings or
yarns, to cause the fracture of all of them.
But that the Invention as communicated to me may be the better understood, I
will by the aid of the accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means employed
in carrying the same into effect."

page_text: means down the hollow tube d, and out therefrom by the opening d' in the lower
part of that tube d to the compound feeding arm, which is formed and operated as
I will now proceed to explain.
The tube d passes through a bearing formed for it in the fixed rail a, and at its
upper end it is connected to the disc d², and this disc d' rests over the pulley
wheel with leather or other friction matter placed between them. The pulley d³
is formed to revolve on the hollow tube d, and it has rotary motion given to it by
a strap or band, as desired, in order by the friction of the intervening surfaces to
give motion to the disc d², and thence to the hollow tube d. The lower end of
the tube d is formed to receive and hold in the position required by screw adjust-
ment the arm e, and this arm e at its outer end is formed into a socket e¹ to receive
the upper end of another arm f, which is at that end free to turn in the socket e¹,
but is retained in correct vertical motion by adjustable screw collars f¹, f. The
lower end of this arm ƒ carries the guide or feeder f³, by which the sliver is carried
round the shell in the formation of a ball. The arm also carries another ring
guide f*, so that the fibre under operation in passing down through the tube d
passes out therefrom by the opening d in the lower part of the tube, thence
through the ring f4 to the feeder f³. By these means the slight twist put on in
the formation, of the sliver into balls is, by being one in each rotation, just that
which will avoid any twist being in the sliver as it is drawn from the interior of
such balls for the subsequent preparing or combing operation.
I will now describe the second part of the Invention, which is shewn by sectional
side view of some of the operating parts of a roving or such like frame at Figure 4.
h, h, represent bobbins, from which rovings h' are being separately drawn for the
purpose of being drawn out and combined together by the drawing means for
delivery therefrom in the usual way, i and j representing the ordinary feeding and
drawing rollers, by which the separate rovings are fed, as is well understood.
represents a frame, or loop, or fork, between the wires k' of which the separate
rovings from the bobbins / pass.
h One of these frames is represented full size by
side view, Figure 5; front view, Figure 6; and upper side view, Figure 7. They
are each supported to turn on their ends in projections from a bar 1, and this
bar is supported with capability of adjustment as to position from the brackets m
and adjustable standards n. At the upper end of each of these frames is applied
a comb ³, and when a knot or other enlargement at the end or other part of either
of the rovings h¹, h¹, from either of the bobbins h comes against the wires k', and
by being too large to pass between such wires, that frame will be drawn over on
to the two rovings, when the action on such rovings of the comb teeth will be
to cause the breakage of both of such rovings, and thereby to prevent the formation
of imperfect work and waste.
Other number than two separate rovings to be combined may be similarly
operated upon.
p represents another arm, one in connection with each of the frames with
teeth put the outer end thereof in position, such, that in the event of a broken
roving, or the end of a roving from either of the bobbins h, h, falling thereon to be
caught by the teeth p¹ that arm p will be raised to, throw the frame k with its
teeth on such rovings to effect the breakage thereof in like manner.
The other parts of the Invention mentioned in the Provisional Specification have
not, as I am informed, been attended with the success anticipated, and therefore
are not included in the Final Specification.
Having thus described the Invention as communicated to me, I would have it
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise arrangement of parts as
shewn and described, as the same may be varied without departing from tho
peculiar character of the Invention, but what I do claim is,—
First. The arranging or combining parts for use in apparatus for treating wool
and other fibres, whereby such twist is put into the sliver in the balling process as
will avoid twist to such sliver when it is drawn from the interior of such balls, as
1.

page_text: such sliver is delivered to the preparing or combing apparatus, substantially as
described.
Second. I claim the arranging or combining parts of apparatus employed in
treating wool and other fibres, whereby in the event of failure of any of two or
more rovings intended to be combined together in the passage thereof to the feed
or delivery rollers, both or all of such rovings so intended to be combined may be
broken or separated from that in advance, thus preventing the formation of
imperfect rovings and waste, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Brookes, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
WILLIAM BROOKES. (L.S.)