Improvements in the Construction of Perambulators, Bath Chairs, and other Carriages.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 14th Sept., 1892—Accepted, 14th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Perambulators, Bath Chairs,
and other Carriages.
1 GEORGE REUBEN PRICE of 187 & 188 Gooch Street Birmingham Warwick-
shire Perambulator Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
My invention consists first in a new method of making or ornamenting perambu-
lator and other carriage bodies, by making them of embosed metal, paper machie,
or other materials having raised figures or other ornamental designs or I may use
the materials with tlie raised side inside the bodies and so have the depressed side
outside or may make the bodies of any other materials and apply the embossed
panels as ornaments.
My second improvement is in connection with the union of the different parts of
the under-carriage and ironwork throughout the construction of the carriage I con-
nect the different parts together by casting or pouring around the parts to be
connected a portion of melted iron or other metal (this process is usually called
chilling in the bedstead trade and is used for connecting the different parts of
iron bedsteads) and is the most substantial method I can conceive for connecting the
different parts of carriages to prevent getting loose and rattling.
My third improvement is a stop brake I place a spring bolt parallel with the
axle with a pivott or other fastening at a distance behind it to which and the bolt
is a cord or other connection which when let loose will allow the bolt to shoot
between the spokes and so prevent the wheel turning.
My fourth improvement is in connection with the wheels I form the hub thus at
one end is a flange with oblong holes, at the other end is another flange not so large
and a loose washer with holes in to correspond with the flange at the other end, the
rim of the wheel is made in the usual way, the spoke wires are threaded through
the holes in the rim and turned at the end to form a small hook which is flatened at
the point the hooks are placed in the holes of the flange and washer, the loose
washer and the flange are turned in opposite directions which tightens the spoke
wires and brings the flatened point crosswise with the oblong holes and so prevents
the hooks from sliping out of the holes and tightens the wheel then the loose
washer is fastened to the flange of the hub by means of screws, rivets or other
fastenings.
My fifth improvement is a contrivance for the better fastening of the rubber
tyres, instead of having the rubber tyres smaller than the wheel and fastening it by
means of stretching and cementing or by means of springs I place in the rubber
tyre lengthwise a plain even wire (not a spring) each end of the wire will protrude
through the inner surface of the rubber tyre some distance or I may use some other
rigid substance instead of the wire the wire may be moulded in the rubber or it
may be connected to the inner side of the rubber in some other way the rubber must
not adhere to the wire or cord it must admit of the rubber stretching sufficiently to
pass over the flanges of the rim the two ends of the wire or cord will pass through
one or more holes having previously been made in the rim then the wire or cord
will be pulled up tight and fastened by means of tying twisting or by any other means
found best or if I can discover any means by which I can get the rubber on the
rims I shall make wire or cord in one continuous circle which will be embeded in
the rubber or connected to the inner surface by some other means.
My sixth improvement is a new kind of screw bolt for fastening the wood-work
to the ironwork 1 purpose making them thus the shank is made of half round iron
bent so as to bring the flat sides together which forms a round. The head is made of

page_text: flat iron in diamond shape and the two sharp points will be turned down, and in the
centre will be a hole into which the shank will be fastened.
Dated this 19th day of December 1801
-
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Perambulators, Bath Chairs,
and other Carriages.
I, GEORGE REUBEN PRICE of 187 and 188, Gooch Street, Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Perambulator Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists in the improvements in the construction of perambulators,
bath-chairs and other carriages hereinafter set forth.
"
First The new method of making or ornamenting carriage bodies out of
embossed material.
Second-The improvements in connection with the union of the different parts
of the iron-work by chilling the parts together in the process of casting.
Third An improved method of fastening rubber tyres to the rims of the wheels
of perambulators and other carriages.
Fourth A new kind of screw-bolt for fastening the wood-work of perambulators
and other carriages to the iron-work of such perambulators or carriages.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which my invention is constructed and used, similar letters refer to
similar parts throughout the several views.
Figure 1 represents an edge view of perambulator spring, chilled on to wheel-
shaft.
Figure 2 represents a plan of diamond shaped head of screw-bolt.
Figure 3 represents an edge view of Figure 2 shewing the corners turned down.
Figure 4 represents a completed screw-bolt, the bottom and end nut being shewn
in section.
Figure 5 represents a plan of Figure 1.
Figure 6 represents an end view of Figure 1.
Figure 7 represents the rubber tyre and wire or string.
Figure 8 represents an end view of Figure 7.
Figure 12 represents a general view shewing spring chilled on to external shaft
and internal shaft with two suspension links and gudgeons fastened to carriage.
Figure 13 represents a side elevation of chilled centre and suspension link.
Figure 14 represents a general view of perambulator suspended on my improved
fittings.
Under the first modification I make a carriage or perambulator body out of
embossed sheet metal or other suitable material, with convex embossings, either
inside or outside the carriage or perambulator body, I have not shewn a drawing,
as the description is sufficient.
By the second modification of my invention I connect the different parts together
by the chilling process, a represents the spring on which the carriage is hung,
represents the wheel-axle, c represents the cast metal chilled on to the parts a
and b; the two shafts are chilled to the main spring or support a, under the
carriage body and on to each upper end of the main spring a is chilled the hollow
bard shewn at Figure 12, an internal bar or shaft is passed through the hollow
bar d, such internal bar being made square at each end f two links y are secured
by nuts h, the links being curved at their bottom ends to carry the studs or
gudgeons secured to the perambulator sides, the carriage or perambulator being
thus suspended by means of the links g; the chilling of the parts hereinbefore
described is a new manufacture in relation to carriages or perambulators.
9

page_text: The third modification in connection with the tyres, consists of the rubber tyre s
through which is provided a central clearance hole, a wire or stringt passing through
the clearance hole, the ends of wire or string being tied together and thus
securing the tyre to the rim.
The fourth modification consists in making a screw bolt out of the parts
represented at Figures 2-3-4; the diamond shaped head is pierced with a central
hole and the two corners turned down, the shank is made out of two half parts,
each half part being formed out half-round iron, so that when the shank has been
threaded and a nut passed over it the two halves of the split shank can be spread
over the under side of nut as shewn at Figure 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1st. The making of perambulators, bath-chairs and other such like carriages
out of embossed sheet metal, papier-mache, or other equivalent material having
raised figures.
2nd. The utilization of embossed pieces of metal, or embossed pieces of papier-
mache, or embossed pieces of other material as panels, on the surfaces of the bodics
of perambulators, bath-chairs, and other such like carriages.
3rd. The chilling of the metal parts of the framework together as illustrated and
described.
4th. The making of rubber tyres for the wheels of perambulators, bath-chairs,
and other such like carriages, with a central hole in conjunction with a wire or
string for the purpose of securing the rubber tyre to the rim of wheel, by means of
the wire or string.
5th. The making of a screw-bolt in the manner illustrated and described in
reference to Figures 2, 3 and 4, for use in the construction of perambulators, bath-
chairs, and other such like carriages.
Dated this 13th day of September 1892.
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, Corporation Street, Birmingham.