Improvements in the Manufacture of Butter and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 8th Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Butter and in Apparatus
therefor.
I, FREDERICK RUDOLPH CHRISTIAN STRÜVER, of Pine Creek, Darling Downs, iu
the Colony of Queensland, Grazier, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention of improvements in the manufacture of butter, and in apparatus
therefor consists essentially in subjecting cream to pressure while it is enclosed in a
material which will admit of the escape of the butter milk, but which will prevent
the escape of the cream; and in an apparatus in which this pressure can be applied,
and in which provision is made for the draining and removal of the butter milk
expressed from the cream while it is under pressure-said apparatus being readily
convertible into a machine for working up the butter produced by the aforesaid
pressure, it being clearly understood that this pressure must be applied while the
cream is at a low temperature say about 60° Fahrenheit.
I have found that moleskin is a suitable material in which to enclose the crean
while it is under pressure. The apparatus must be made of some material which
will not be affected by the action of sour milk, such as tin, or well tinned or
enamelled iron. This apparatus is clearly shewn in the accompanying drawings in
which,
Figure 1 is a vertical central section of my apparatus as used for expressing
butter milk from the cream.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of same.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line in Figure 1 and
Figure 4 is a plan of said apparatus.
Figure 5 is a vertical central section of my apparatus when used for "working
up" the butter after it has been made.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section on line y y Figure 5 and
Figures 7 to 11 are detailed views hereinafter referred to.
Figure 12 is a plan and
Figure 13 a side elevation of a jointed metal ring or clasp which I employ for
securing the neck of the bag of cream, and
Figure 14 is a plan of a lever arrangement designed to facilitate the use of the
clasp shewn in figures 12 and 13, whilst
Figure 15 is a side elevation of a bag of cream illustrating the application of said
clasp.
In manufacturing buiter according to my invention, I tie up or otherwise secure
the cream from which it is to be made in a sheet or sheets of moleskin or other
material which will allow of the escape of the butter milk, but not of the cream as
illustrated at A Figures 1 and 15 and I subject it to pressure for from fifteen to
thirty hours according to the ripeness of the cream preferably by placing it under-
heath a comparatively heavy weight such as B within a perforated open ended
cylinder C contained within any suitable vessel or cylinder such as D, between
which vessel and said perforated cylinder sufficient space is left to allow the butter
milk to flow to the lower part of said vessel. I prefer to arrange one or more
perforated plates E, E, between the bags of cream, which (when more than one are
used) are preferably placed one above the other and I prefer that one of said plates
hould either be corrugated, or else should have a number of bars e e across its upper
urface partly to strengthen said plates, and partly to facilitate the escape of
he butter milk from the cream bags A. The lowermost perforated plate E is

page_text: preferably supported upon a stool F resting on the floor of the cylinder D as
shewn in Figure 1, space being thereby left for the buttermilk to collect in the
lower part of the cylinder D from whence it may be drawn off by the tap d provided
for the purpose. This said cylinder D like some of the plates E may ba corrugated
or it may be provided with vertically arranged rods or bars d' on its inner side
partly to give strength to said cylinder and partly to provide an unimpeded passage
down the sides to the bottom of the apparatus.
I have found in practice that it is sometimes a difficult matter to tie up the sheet
of moleskin containing the cream sufficiently tight to prevent the cream being
forced out by the pressure to which it is subjected. To overcome this difficulty I
have devised the apparatus shown in figures 12, 13 and 14 consisting of a jointed ring
or band R having ratchet teeth r cut for a portion of its length in its outer edge
whilst a lever such as S having a pivotted hooks connected thereto can be employed
for tightening said band around the neck of the bag of cream as shown in figure 15.
A comparatively low temperature is a sine qua non in manufacturing butter
according to my invention, therefore I arrange an annular basin or trough G upon
the lid of the outer vessel or cylinder D. This lid d may be secured upon the
body of the apparatus by any convenient means such for instance as the clasps d* d*
figures 1 and 2 passing through openings in the outer damask covering hereinafter
described. The basin G contains water and into said water is inserted the ends of
a number of strips H of damask or other woollen material which will draw the
water from the basin G by capillary attraction and convey it to the cover I of
damask or other woollen material which I provide upon the outside of the vessel D.
This water should be regulated by the strips H so as to keep the whole of the damask
cover I damp but not wringing wet so as to provide as much evaporation as possible.
The surplus water will be caught in a shallow tray or dish within which the
whole apparatus is supported upon a suitably constructed stool K, the latter being
provided with holes into which short studs or projections upon the underside of
the cylinder or vessel D are adapted to fit so as to keep said cylinder in its proper
position, whilst the said stool will allow a free current of air to pass under the lower
part of the vessel D and will thereby increase the evaporation. In order to ensure
an absolute rigidity to the whole apparatus I provide several cross bars or slats of
metal L, L, upon the underside of the dish J, and I so arrange said bars that they
can be secured to a table or other similar support by means of nails or screws 11 for
instance.
After the cream has turned into butter in the bags A, and most of the butter milk
has been expressed therefrom, I remove the weight B (for which purpose it is
provided with a handle (figures 1 and 3) cream bags A, perforated plates E, E,
supporting stool F and inner perforated cylinder C, and proceed to work up the
butter preferably in hot weather by means of the apparatus illustrated in figure 5, or
if the weather be comparatively cool I sometimes employ a large land fork for the
purpose.
In order to convert my improved automatic butter making apparatus into a butter
worker I provide several suitably constructed brackets m m on the inside of the main
cylinder D adapted to support an open framing M, M, figures 5, 6 and 9 and in
order to ensure said framing being kept in its proper position thereon, I fit the
notched or slotted ends m' m' of the cross bars of said framing over said brackets.
Upon this framing M, J place a thin perforated disc E of metal or other suitable
material. Over this perforated plete EI prefer to lay a sheet of linen of such a size
as will enable it to overlap the edge of such disc, in order that it may be tied around
the lower end of the cylinder P which latter is arranged between the bars m³ figures 5, 8,
and 9 extending upwardly from the framing M.
The main central shaft O, is provided with a collar or shoulder o at about midway
of its length said collar serving to support a loose washer o' which in turn supports a
sheet of linen and prevents it from sagging. This said sheet like the lower one projects
somewhat beyond the rim of the cylinder P.

page_text: A number of teeth or bars p figures 5, 6, 10 and 11 radiate from this main central
shaft O, and are arranged to pass between a number of corresponding teeth p¹ pro-
jecting inwardly from the cylinder P. Upon the sheet of linen is placed a perforated
disc E corresponding with the lower one E and upon said disc is placed a circular
frame M' figures 5 and 7 corresponding with the lower one M, in that it consists of
radial bars or arms having holes in their ends for the passage of the vertical bars m³
as well as slots m¹ adapted to fit over the upper set of brackets m. A slot n is
provided in the upper end of each of the bars m² and through said slots wedges or
keys N are driven which serve to secure the different parts of the butter worker in
position.
The lid d of the main outer cylinder D is provided with a central vertically
extending tube o around which the water basin or trough G fits as clearly illustrated
in figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, and through which (when my apparatus is to be used as a
butter worker) the main central spindle O passes as clearly illustrated in figure 5.
The upper end of this spindle O, is provided with a crank handle o³ whereby it may
be operated, whilst at about the centre of its length-that is at about the top of the
cylinder P is provided one or more small slide valves Q figures 5, 10 and 11 each
adapted to close an opening in said spindle so as to prevent the entrance of any butter
or buttermilk into it from the cylinder P whilst it can be readily opened (by means
of wires attached to said valves) when it is desired to wash the butter or run brine
in to salt the butter with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. My improved method of manufacturing butter, consisting essentially in
subjecting cream to pressure while enclosed in a material, such as moleskin, which
will admit of the escape of the buttermilk, but not of the cream, substantially as herein
described and explained and as illustrated in my drawings.
Second. In an apparatus for manufacturing butter the combination of perforated
discs or plates such as E, E-a weight or weights such as B, and a perforated cylinder
such as C with an outer containing vessel or cylinder such as D the whole being
constructed arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified and
as illustrated in figures 1 to 4 of my drawings.
Third. In a butter worker, the combination of a cylinder such as P (having
inwardly projecting bars p') perforated discs such as E, E¹, a central hollow spindle
such as O (having radial bars such as p projecting from it) and some suitably con-
structed framing such for instance as M, m³ with an outer containing vessel or cylinder
such as D the whole being constructed arranged and operating substantially as and
for the purpose specified and as illustrated in figures 5 and 6 of my drawings.
Fourth. In a butter worker the combination with a spindle having either the whole
or else a portion of its length made hollow; of a slide valve, such as Q, having a
wire or rod, such as q attached thereto said valve being adapted to close a port or
opening in the side of said spindle substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and explained and as illustrated in figures 5, 10 and 11 of my drawings.
Fifth. In a butter worker the combination with a sheet or bag such as A of mole-
skin or other similar material of a jointed metal clasp or ring such as R figures 12
and 13, having ratchet teeth in its outer edge near one end thereof together with a
lever, such as S figure 14, having a hook, such as s, pivotally connected thereto and
adapted to draw said clasp tightly around the neck of said sheet or bag substantially
as and for the purpose herein described and explained and as illustrated in figures 12
to 15 of my drawings.
TL L
T
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.