IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COOLING AND FREEZING LIQUIDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATON left by Henry Clarke Ash at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th March
1867.
I, HENRY CLARKE ASH, of 315, Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROCESS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COOLING AND FREEZING LIQUIDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the process and apparatus
to be employed for cooling liquids, and in lining goblets and other glass
vessels with ice; goblets and other glass vessels may be lined with ice by
filling them with water and then immersing them for a time in a mixture of
ice and salt, then when the remaining water is poured out a complete lining
of ice remains, vessels thus lined when filled with wine or similar colored
liquid have a very pretty effect, and at the same time the wine or liquid is
effectually cooled. There is, however, very great risk of fracture in immersing
the goblet or vessel directly in the freezing mixture, and consequently the
process is at present wholly inapplicable to valuable glass.
Now according to my Invention I enclose the goblet or other glass vessel
in which liquids are to be cooled or which is to be lined with ice within a
metal receiver, and I fill the space between the goblet or vessel and the sides

page_text: ice stands.
of the receiver with a liquid which will not freeze with the cold which is
applied (strong brine is the most suitable) whilst the freezing mixture is
applied to the exterior of the receiver with this arrangement there is no risk
of breakage of the glass vessel as the cold does not come upon the glass vessel
suddenly but by degrees as the brine or other liquid surrounding it becomes
chilled. The outer reservoir into which the ice and salt to form the freezing
mixture are placed is made by preference of a cylindrical or oblong form, by
preference of metal, with double sides and bottom, packed with non-conducting
material in order that there may be no considerable loss of heat through its
sides and bottom. The receiver for the goblet or other glass vessel which is
to be lined with ice is also of cylindrical or oblong form, by preference it is
made of stout tinned iron and fixed to the bottom of the outer reservoir it
has a perforated false bottom on which the goblet or vessel to be lined with
In order that the receiver may conveniently be filled with the
brine to the required height after the goblet or vessel is in its place, the
receiver is fitted with a funnel pipe passing down its side and opening beneath
the false bottom. A pipe with a tap for drawing off the brine or liquid
passes from the lower part of the receiver through the side of the reservoir.
There is another tap for drawing off the water from the freezing mixture.
In the space between the inner receiver and the outer reservoir I place an
annular or piston agitator which is worked up and down by hand in the
freezing mixture to hasten the process and render its operation more satisfactory,
such a piston agitator is described in the Specification of a former Patent,
granted to me and dated 25th July 1860, No. 1804. In order that the
goblets or vessels may be lifted into and out of the receiver with greater
facility a rack may be employed to receive them, and this rack fits: loosely
within the receiver. The apparatus may be made of any convenient size and
in large sizes it is convenient to have a second shallow receiver fitting inside
the first, so that when the vessels to be lined with ice are not tall two-tiers of
them may be operated upon at one time; also I employ in large apparatus
a shallow ring rack to fit into the receiver to hold vessels of small height
whilst the centre of the receiver is occupied by, say, a bottle or other tall
vessel; this apparatus is also applicable for cooling liquids in glass vessels
where it is not desired to coat the interior with ice.