IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edgar Aldous, of No. 18, Queen's Road, Peckham, in
the County of Surrey, Architect, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar Aldous at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1881.
EDGAR ALDOUS, of No. 18, Queen's Road, Peckham, in the County of Surrey,
Architect. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS."
A cowl and shafts and ventiduct for ventilating buildings of any description
without the possibility of any down draught. The material can be either zinc, copper,
iron, tin, or brass. The body consists of outer and inner shafts; the inner shaft has
a conical shaped bottom; it is so formed to prevent any wind getting compressed;
over the top of inner shaft there is a fixed cowl or hood with an opening standing at
east, west, north, and south, so facing the wind from any quarter; connected to each
opening there is a tube running down inside acting as a conductor to take the
wind down into the inner shaft. Slightly above the conical bottom there are
appertures opening into the outer shaft with aprons placed above them to prevent
the wind travelling up the inner shaft and to conduct the wind into the outer
shaft. The wind being thus carried into the outer shaft below all the inlet tubes
will force the hot air, smoke, or sewer gas to the top of the outer shaft where there
is an apperture for its escape, above which there is a cap connected to the inner
shaft and covers over the outer shaft, turning down sufficiently low to cover the
escape appertures, thus preventing the possibility of any down draught, and the
whole acting as an air pump. At the bottom is fixed an ornamental perforation
between the outer and inner shafts, so the shafts can be applied as a single
ventilator fixed on any roof or ceiling. To the outer shaft are fixed various tubes
(to any number) so as to carry hot air, smoke, or sewer gas into the outer shaft;
one or more, as the case may be, can be carried from each room in the house, no
matter how many there may be. By this method there will be an upcast without
any down draught; the tubes or conductors from the rooms can be carried between
the ceiling and floor boards and chased into the walls or partitions behind the
[Price 6d 1

page_text: plastering so as to be out of sight, and carried up above the ceiling joist into the
roof, where the shafts can be fixed with the hood standing above the ridge to
receive wind and air.
The ventiduct for bringing in fresh air has a perforated front set into a chamber
to receive the air, to which is connected a tube to pass into the room, a bend and
upright tube is attached thereto running up to the ceiling or any height required.
At the top is placed a small head or holder; in the front a hit or miss grating
below the bead or holder; in the upright tube is placed a wire gauze basket
charged with charcoal to act as a preventative from fog getting into the room with
the air, and acting as a disinfectant. This is a special feature; when sufficient
fresh air has passed through the ventiduct the grating can be closed. When open,
it will act as an assistant to the ventilating shafts.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edgar Aldous in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th January
1882.
EDGAR ALDOUS, of No. 18, Queen's Road, Peckham, in the County of Surrey,
Architect. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS."
This Invention relates to an improved ventilator for ventilating buildings,
railway carriages, drains, sewers, tunnels, and the like, in a better manner than
hitherto, no down draught being produced.
But to make the Invention better understood, and to enable it to be readily
carried into effect, I will describe the same by reference to the accompanying
Drawing, in which Figure 1 is an elevation; Figure 2, a vertical section of a
ventilator constructed according to my Invention; Figure 3 is a plan of the same,
and Figure 4 is a plan of the underside of the same.
The improved ventilator or apparatus is constructed of two concentric shafts
a and b, made of any suitable material. The inner shaft b has a conical shaped
bottom c, which is so formed as to prevent any wind becoming compressed. Over
the top of the inner shaft b is fixed a hood d with a number of openings e, so as to
give passage to the wind from all quarters; connected to each opening e is a tube
or concentrator f running down inside the inner tube b, acting as a conductor to
take the wind down into the said inner shaft b. A short distance above the
conical bottom care apertures g opening into the space h between the shafts
a and b; aprons i are placed above and below the openings g to prevent the wind
travelling up and the foul air getting into the inner shaft b, and to conduct the
wind into the said space h. The bottom of the space h between the two shafts is
provided with a perforated bottom and is open to the room or chamber to be
ventilated, and j, j, j, are inlet openings in the outer shaft a, from which branch
pipes lead to the different rooms to be ventilated; but where the apparatus is
required for ventilating only one room, chamber, or the like, the inlet openings j
are not required; is a cap or cover over the top of the space h, an opening m being
left all round, as shewn, the outer edge of the cap or cover being turned down
sufficiently to prevent the entrance of the wind.
Figure 5 is a section of the ventiduct I prefer employing with my improved
ventilator; it consists of a tube n open at o to the outer air and at p to the room;
within the tube is inserted a gauze wire basket or its equivalent, in which is
placed broken charcoal to prevent fog and dust entering with the air.
The operation of my improved ventilator is as follows:-
The foul and heated air ascending will pass through the perforated bottom k
into the space between the two shafts a and b, or into the said space through
the inlets j, j, (where the apparatus is provided with inlets) and will pass out
through the opening m, as shewn by the arrows, the upward speed of the current
of heated and foul air will be greatly accelerated by the wind which enters the
openings e in the hood d, passes into the concentrator f round the conical bottom c
and into the space h through the openings g, as shewn by the arrows.
Having thus described my said Invention, and the best means with which I am
acquainted for carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise details herein laid down and shewn in the
Drawing, as the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar character
of my Invention, but what I do claim is,-
Firstly. The construction and employment of the improved ventilator arranged
and operating substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore

page_text: described and represented in the accompanying Drawing, or any mere modification
thercof.
Secondly. I claim a ventilator consisting substantially of two concentric shafts
communicating with one another, the inner one having a conical bottom and being
provided with a concentrating tube and having a suitable hood to conduct the
wind into the concentrator, the whole arranged and operating substantially as
herein before. described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edgar Aldous, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord. One thousand
eight hundred and eighty, two.
EDGAR ALDOUS. (L.S.),