Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Nov., 18
I JOHN COBBE of 22 Berners Street in the County of Middlesex Theatrical
Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved means of reflecting gas or other artificial
light.
The object of my invention is to provide a shade or reflector which while reflecting
the light in an upward direction to the ceiling of the apartment from whence it is
diffused over the room, will also downwardly deflect the same on to the table or floor,
if so desired. To this end I employ a more or less opaque shade or reflector having
the shape of two truncated cones the upper one being inverted and forming part of
the lower. Inside this reflector and at the apices of the two cones is an argand
burner or other point of light said light being thrown by the inverted cone upwardly
to the ceiling while when the apices of the two cones are about midway of the flame
the lower cone throws a portion of the light down in the usual manner. If however
the reflector be lowered till the apices of the two cones are at the bottom of the flame
the light will be obscured from the eyes and thrown upwardly; little or none falling
below, while if the shade is raised, the opposite or ordinary effect is attained. I find
a convenient way of arranging the shade where a hanging balanced light is employed
is to attach the shade in some convenient way to the weight so that when the light is
pulled down say one inch the shade being attached to the weight will rise another
inch and thus materially vary the amount of light thrown up or down, but other
means of raising or lowering same may be employed, or it may rest upon the
supports provided with ordinary lamps. The upper half of the shade or the inverted
cone not only throws a portion of the light but the greater portion of the heat also
upwards.
Dated the 11th day of January 1888.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: I, JOHN COBBE of 22 Berners Street in the County of Middlesex, Theatrical
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improved means of reflecting gas or other artificial light
such as that given from oil and electric lamps and is an improvement on that described
in my specification No. 17,223 of 1887, the object being to so arrange the parts that
the light may be either thrown directly down as with ordinary lamps provided with
a shade, or diffused throughout the room or apartment without the direct rays
coming in contact with the eye.
I propose to employ a shade or reflector capable of producing the desired results,
and in order that my invention may be clearly understood reference is made to the
accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 represents a hanging oil lamp with the reflector in section and in position to
throw the light upward.
Fig. 2 is a like view when the reflector is in position to throw the light downward
and exposing the naked light free from the shade.
Fig. 3 represents an ordinary standing or table lamp, the reflector being shown in
section and in position to throw the light upward.
and
Fig. 4 is a like view with the reflector in position to throw the light downward.
Fig. 5 is a detached sectional elevation of the flame shielding ring shown in
Figs. 3 and 4.
With
In Figs. 1 and 2 the lamp A is shown as being supported by a suitable frame
carried by rods a a which are connected by cords bb with the weight B from which
cords or rods c e descend to the shade or reflector D. Said shade D is formed of
practically two truncated cones d d' attached at their smaller ends as shown.
this construction if the lamp frame be lowered the shade will be correspondingly
raised. If the shade or reflector be made of opaque or non light conducting material
such as metal or card-board when it is in the position shown in Fig. 1, the light and
the greater part of the heat will be reflected upward to the ceiling and higher part of
the walls of the room, from whence it is evenly diffused throughout the apartment
without practically casting shadows and without bringing direct rays upon the line
of sight. If it be desired to have the light cast downward as with the ordinary
lamp the reflector is so separated from the flame level as to secure this end, as shown
in Fig. 2, but in this case the reflected light has all the disadvantages common to the
ordinary lamp, although the objectionable feature of having the light practically
exposed on the line of sight may to a certain extent be overcome by the use of a
ring or sleeve E of opaque or semi-opaque material such as opal glass, oiled paper, or
similar material (as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5) adapted to be carried by the shade,

page_text: and of a length sufficient to practically surround the flame when the reflector is raised,
as shown in Fig. 4, in which, as in Fig. 3, the entire shade is shown as being carried
by a toothed rack F which passes through both reflectors.
Although in the drawings the invention is illustrated as being applied to an
ordinary oil lamp, it is evident that it may be also used with gas, electric, or other
artificial light.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. The improved means of reflecting artificial light which consists in the
combination with the lamp of a double reflector or shade adapted to reflect the light
in either an upward or downward direction as may be desired, substantially as set
forth.
2nd. The improved means of reflecting artificial light which consists in the
combination with the lamp of a double reflector formed of practically two truncated
conical shades joined at their smaller ends suitably supported in relation to the said
lamp, substantially as described.
4th. The improved means of reflecting artificial light which consists of the
combination with the reflector of an opaque or semi-opaque ring or sleeve practically
surrounding the flame, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 9th day of October 1888.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Applicant's Agent.