IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-PRESSURE FILTERS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Owen, of Bowdon, in the County of
Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
HIGH-PRESSURE FILTERS."
Sealed the 15th March 1872, and dated the 20th September 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the, said John Owen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th September 1871.
I, JOHN OWEN, of Bowdon, in the County of Chester, do hereby
5 declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF HIGH-PRESSURE FILTERS," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to filters to be attached. to the water supply
pipes used for supplying water for domestic and other purposes wherever
there is a high pressure, so that all the water drawn off shall pass through
the filter and be thereby purified.

page_text: The filter, which may be placed in a vertical, liorizontal, or oblique
position as may be most convenient, consists principally of a long
cylinder having at each end a hemispherical cup screwed on. Each cup
is provided with a short junction pipe, by means of which it is connected
with the supply pipe at each end, so that all the water passing along the
pipe must necessarily pass through the filter. Each cup contains a piece
of sponge pressed in closely, and between it and the cylinder is a piece
of felt protected by a grid or perforated metal plate. The cylinder itself
is filled with charcoal, a layer of coarse at each end and fine charcoal in
the centre.
The filter may be connected to the supply pipe in such a manner
that the water passes through it either upwards or downwards, or hori
zontally, or in any other manner as may be thought preferable or
convenient, and it may be connected thereto either by soldering or by
screwing, or otherwise.
When the filter requires cleansing all that will be required is to
unscrew the cup at either or both ends, wash out the sponge and replace
it, the main pipe being provided with a stop-cock to shut off the water
during the cleansing operation.
The filter may be made of any suitable metal or material, but I prefer
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Owen in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN 2
OWEN, of Bowdon, in the County of Chester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc- 3
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Owen, Her special license

page_text: that I, the said John Owen, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Owen, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might makė, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-PRESSURE FILTERS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Owen, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Owen, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to filters to be attached to the water supply
pipes used for supplying water for domestic and other purposes wherever
there is a high pressure, so that all the water drawn off shall pass through
the filter and be thereby purified.
The filter, which may be placed in a vertical, horizontal, or oblique
position as may be most convenient, consists principally of a long
cylinder having at each end a hemispherical cup screwed.on. Each cup
is provided with a short junction pipe, by means of which it is connected
with the supply pipe at each end (or to the supply pipe at one end and
to a tap at the other, so that all the water passing along the pipe must
necessarily pass through the filter. Each cup contains a piece of sponge
pressed in closely, and between it and the cylinder is a piece of felt
protected by a grid or perforated nietal plate. The cylinder itself is
filled with charcoal, a layer of coarse at each end and fine charcoal in
the centre, or vice versa.
::
.
The filter may be connected to the supply pipe in such a manner

page_text: horizontally, or in any other manner as may be thought preferable or
convenient, and it may be connected thereto either by soldering or by
screwing, or otherwise.
When the filter requires cleansing all that will be required is to
unscrew the cup at either or both ends, wash out the sponge and replace
it, the main pipe being provided with a stop-cock to shut off the water
during the cleansing operation; or the filter may be cleansed by
unscrewing it at both ends and reversing its position (end for end) so
that the water passes through in the opposite direction and washes out
all the impurities.
The filter may be made of any suitable metal or material, but I prefer
to make it of. cast iron lined with block tin.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "Improve-
ments in the Construction of High-pressure Filters," I will now proceed
to describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order that the same
may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings
illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures and letters
of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation
thereof :-
Fig. 1 in the annexed Drawings represents an exterior elevation, and
Fig. 2 a longitudinal section, of a high-pressure filter made according to
my Invention.
a, a, is a cylinder of metal (by preference cast iron or brass
lined with block tin), and having a hemispherical cup 6, 6, screwed
on at each end, each cup being provided with a short junction pipe c, c,
by means of which it is soldered, screwed, or otherwise connected to the
supply pipe at one end and. to a tap d, d, at the other. Each cup con-
tains a piece of sponge e, e, pressed in closely. The interior of the
cylinder is filled with charcoal f,f, and between it and the sponge at
each end is a piece of felt g, g, protected by a grid or perforated metal
plate h, h.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
"Improvements in the Construction of High-pressure Filters," together
with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or

page_text: carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as
my Invention, the improvements herein-before described and illustrated.
in the annexed Drawings, and especially I claim the combination of a
cylinder or vessel filled with charcoal having two hemispherical ends
containing sponge, with a perforated plate and a piece or pieces of felt
at each end intervening between the charcoal and the sponge substan-
tially as herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Owen, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
Witnessed by
GEORGE DAVIES, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JOHN OWEN. (L.S.)