Improvements in or Applicable to Gas and Hydrocarbon Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 19th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Applicable to Gas and Hydrocarbon Engines.
I, ALWIN BEUGGER, of Winterthur, Switzerland, residing at Rewentlowsgade
No. 18, Copenhagen, Denmark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to a method of cooling the cylinders of gas and
hydrocarbon engines, which is especially applicable to portable engines, but is also
applicable to stationary hydrocarbon engines, and generally to all engines in which
the motive force is produced by the explosion of a mixture of atmospheric air and
gas or hydrocarbon vapour.
According to this invention the cooling of the working cylinder is effected
mainly by air, instead of by water alone as heretofore.
Water cooling requires a considerable quantity of water; thus for an engine
of 10 HP in uninterrupted operation for a period of 10 hours at least 35 litres of
water per HP per hour, that is to say, 3,500 litres are required. Even for
stationary engines it is very expensive to provide space for such a quantity of
water, and in the case of portable engines, it is practically impossible to carry it.
This difficulty is obviated by the method herein described of cooling the cylinder
by means of air and water, as only 1 litres of water per HP per hour are
required so that 150 litres are sufficient for the period of 10 hours.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the arrangements for carrying out this
invention applied to a portable four-stroke-cycle-engine, in which the piston is
first driven downwards by the explosion in the engine cylinder, whereupon the
piston in its next following upstroke expels the combustion gases, and then in its
next down stroke draws in a fresh charge of explosive mixture and finally, in its
next following up stroke, compresses the charge, whereupon the next explosion
takes place.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation ;
Fig. 2 a vertical section of the engine;
Fig. 3 a side elevation partly in section of the engine mounted on a vehicle;
and
Fig. 4a horizontal section through the engine cylinder.
According to this invention there is employed for cooling, a current of air
produced by a centrifugal blower a, mounted on the crank shaft bo of the engine,
Figs. 1 to 3.
From the centrifugal blower a₁, the current of air passes through the channel a
into the annular space as, arranged around the pedestal b, of the engine cylinder b₁,
and thence upwards through a jacket a₁, which encloses the cylinder so that the air
comes into direct contact with the outside of the latter.
The jacket is open at the top and its opening above the cylinder is slightly
contracted in order to retain the speed of the air current until the same passes into
the atmosphere. For the purpose of aiding the cooling action of this air current
the outside of the cylinder b₁, is provided with radially arranged ribs bg, as shewn
in Fig. 4. These ribs extend to the jacket a,, so that the air is compelled to flow
through between the ribs. The cooling action of the air is further aided by fine
jets of water forced against the wall of the cylinder from small pipes c', Fig. 2,
which project between the ribs b, from an annular pipe c.. The water is forced by
a small oscillating pump, Fig. 1, from a reservoir which may be located under
the framing of the vehicle as shewn in Fig. 3, through a pipe c into the annular
pipe c. The water which is not evaporated on its way down between the ribs b
71

page_text: collects in the above mentioned annular space a,, whence it flows through a pipe c
Figs. 1 and 2 back again into the water reservoir co
and
The pump c, is driven by means of the shaft c, Fig. 1, and the chain wheels c,
connected by an endless chain, of which the former is mounted on the shaft
and the latter is mounted upon the valve operating shaft b, of the engine. The
said valve operating shaft b, is driven by means of toothed wheels b and b, Fig. 1,
from the crank shaft bo, the arrangement being such that the valve operating shaft
makes half the number of revolutions as the crank shaft.
A pipe a, Fig. 2, leads from the annular space a being bent inwardly and
upwardly, as shewn, for the purpose of conducting air from the space a,, which air
issuing from the pipe a, will cool the trunk piston and the cylinder walls.
Dated this 5th day of May 1892.
A. BEUGGER,
By L. W., per F. B.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Gas and Hydrocarbon Engines.
I, ALWIN BEUGGER, of Winterthur, Switzerland, residing at Rewentlowsgade
No. 18, Copenhagen, Denmark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to a method and means for cooling the cylinders of
gas and hydrocarbon engines, which is especially applicable to portable engines, but
is also applicable to stationary hydrocarbon engines, and generally to all engines in
which the motive force is produced by the explosion of a mixture of atmospheric air
and gas or hydrocarbon vapour.
According to this invention the cooling of the working cylinder is effected mainly
by air, instead of by water alone as heretofore.
Water cooling requires a considerable quantity of water; thus for an engine of
10 HP in uninterrupted operation for a period of 10 hours, at least 35 litres of
water per HP per hour, that is to say, 3,500 litres are required. Even for
stationary engines it is very expensive to provide space for such a quantity of
water, and in the case of portable engines, it is practically impossible to carry it.
This difficulty is obviated by the method herein described of cooling the cylinder
by means of air and water, as only 1 litres of water per HP per hour are
required, so that 150 litres are sufficient for a period of 10 hours for a 10 horse-
power engine.
The drawings filed with my Provisional Specification illustrate arrangements for
carrying out this invention applied to a portable four-stroke cycle-engine, in which
the piston is first driven downwards by the explosion in the engine cylinder,
whereupon the piston in its next following upstroke expels the combustion
gases, and
then in its next down stroke draws in a fresh charge of explosive mixture, and
finally, in its next following up stroke, compresses the charge, whereupon the next
explosion takes place.
In these drawings,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the engine;
Fig. 2 a vertical section thereof.
Fig. 3 a side elevation partly in section of the engine mounted on a vehicle; and
Fig. 4 a horizontal section through the engine cylinder.
In this engine there is employed for cooling, a current of air produced by a
centrifugal blower a' mounted on the crank shaft 6º of the engine, Figs. 1 to 3.
From the centrifugal blower a' the current of air passes through the channel a
into the annular space a arranged around the pedestal 3 of the engine cylinder b¹
and thence upwards through a jacket a' which encloses the cylinder so that the air
comes into direct contact with the outside of the latter.
;

page_text: The jacket a is open at the top and its opening above the cylinder is slightly
contracted in order to retain the speed of the air current until the same passes into.
the atmosphere. For the purpose of aiding the cooling action of this air current
the outside of the cylinder, is provided with radially arranged ribs b³ as shewn
in Fig. 4. These ribs extend to, the jacket a', so that the air is compelled to
flow through the passages between the ribs. The cooling action of the air is.
further aided by fine jets of water forced against the wall of the cylinder from small
pipes c, Fig. 2, which project between the ribs 63 from an annular pipe c. The
water is forced by a small oscillating pump c³ Fig. 1, from a reservoir c which may
be located under the framing of the vehicle as shewn in Fig. 3, through a pipe c
into the annular pipe c³. Water that is not evaporated on its way down between
the ribs 6 collects in the above mentioned annular space a', whence it flows
through a pipe c, Figs. 1 and 2 back again into the water reservoir c.
The pumpe is driven by means of the shaft c Fig. 1, and the chain wheels c' and c
connected by an endless chain, of which the former is mounted on the shaft cⓇ and
the latter is mounted upon the valve operating shaft 63 of the engine. The said.
valve operating shaft 6 is driven by means of toothed wheels and Fig. 1 from
the crank shaft bo, the arrangement being such that the valve operating shaft makes
half the number of revolutions of the crank shaft.
A pipe a Fig. 2 leads from the annular space a being bent inwardly and
upwardly as shown, for the purpose of conducting air from the space a³, which air
issuing from the pipe a³ will cool the trunk piston and the cylinder walls.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The herein described method of cooling the cylinder of a gas or hydrocarbon.
engine by causing a current of air to flow through a space between the cylinder and
a casing surrounding the same whilst water is simultanously conducted to the outer
surface of the cylinder such water becoming wholly or partially evaporated by the
action of the air current.
2. The herein described method of cooling the trunk piston and the interior of
the cylinder of a gas or hydrocarbon engine by means of a current of air forced
through the open end of the cylinder against the end of the trunk piston as set.
forth.
3. For cooling the cylinder of a gas or hydrocarbon engine in the manner
referred to in the preceding claim the combination of a cylinder formed with a
number of thin external ribs (63) a casing (a) closely surrounding said cylinder and.
ribs, a blower (a) communicating by a channel (a³) with an annular chamber (a)
that surrounds the lower part of the cylinder, and a pipe (c) arranged around the
cylinder cover, and from which water can flow through a pipe (c') on to the external
surface of the cylinder and ribs substantially as illustrated in and described in
reference to the accompanying drawings.
4. For cooling the inner surface of the cylinder of a gas or hydrocarbon engine,.
arranging a pipe (a³) in connection with an annular chanuel (a3) that surrounds
the lower portion of the cylinder, said pipe having its mouth directed towards the.
open end of the trunk piston, and serving for the passage of air which flows from.
the annular channel a', substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 19th day of December 1892.
A. BEUGGER,
By L. W., per F. B..