Improvements relating to Wheel Tires for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 21st Apr., 1894
COMT LEID
DIDUITIVATION.
Improvements relating to Wheel Tires for Velocipedes and other
Vehicles.
I, FRANÇOIS THEOPHILE MOISON, of Mouy, in the Republic of France,,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of this invention to to provide an elastic wheel tire for velocipedes,
carts or vehicles in which a compound spiral spring is constructed and arranged so
as to replace the rubber tires as at present used.
This purpose is attained according to this invention by using a spiral spring A
of small diameter, termed hereinafter the primary spring which is itself again
rolled in such a way as to form a compound spiral spring B as shown in Fig. 1 of a
larger diameter. These spiral springs are made of steel wire or steel ribbon of any
suitable size so as to obtain such resistance and elasticity as is requisite in each
сабе. The spirals thus obtained are tempered to the required degree.
When the two ends are united they form rings elastic in all directions and these
rings are placed into the groove, provided in the rim C of the wheels as in Figs. 2
and 3.
In constructing these springs there is left between the spirals of the "primary
spring" sufficient separating spaces in order that the spirals composing together
the large or compound spring engage laterally in the empty spaces between the
single spirals; this important result is obtained by pressing the spirals of the
compound springs against or into each other causing the spirals of the primary
spring to engage into the corresponding empty spaces and maintaining the same in
this position by means of metallic ties i or otherwise.
The compound spring is of general cylindric form (see Figs. 1 and 2) or oval in
cross-section (Fig. 3) but may also be varied in its cross sectional shape. If it is
oval when put on the rim its longest diameter should lie radially from the wheel
centre (see Fig. 3).
The large spirals of the compound springs engaged laterally with each other by
the spirals of the primary spring are thus firmly connected and afford mutual
support in their position on the rim C of the wheels and the compound spring B-
which surrounds the wheel periphery on which it is attached-being thus
constructed gives great stability.
To obviate however any possibility of the compound springs becoming bent or
broken by, more or less violent shocks, there may be added a second spiral spring F
(Fig. 4) placed inside of the outer compound spring, and formed of a steel ribbon
of appropriate diameter; these springs take up shocks and simultaneously serve to
support the outer spring.
When found necessary these elastic tires may be covered by any protecting or
enveloping material of an impermeable nature, made with fabric or leather or
caoutchouc, or they may also be sunk in caoutchouc or equivalent rubber compound,
and furtherinore to preserve them against wear and tear there may be arranged
also, if considered suitable, beneath or above this protecting layer a steel-blade
of appropriate width cut away or notched at its side edges all along its length, so
that this blade will form a circle and likewise present the same general exterior
form as the spring over which it is applied. The said springs may be made of
any flexible metal as well as of or containing steel.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In a wheel tire :
1. A compound spiral spring having its constituent spirals engaged into each
other or interlaced and applied substantially as described.
2. The combination with said compound spring of a second interior spiral or
equivalent spring for taking up concussions and at the same time supporting the
outer or compound spring.
3. The combination of the said compound spiral spring with a covering or
embedding material preferably resilient in its nature.
Dated this 5th day of March 1894.
R. HADDAN,
Of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicant.