Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 1st Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Apr., 1887.
I, JOHN BLUM, of number 5 Myddelton Square, in the parish of Clerkenwell, in the
county of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
I inject or drop water among pieces of metal contained in a vessel of suitable
construction. The metallic substance of which this vessel is made, as well as the
metal (in a state of division) contained in the vessel have a high conducting power for
heat; and have been raised to a proper temperature, and are maintained at such
temperature in a stove or furnace of suitable form in which the vessel is fixed. The
water thus injected or dropped among the heated pieces of metal is instantaneously
converted into steam.

page_text: The Instantaneous Generation of Steam.
I JOHN BLUM formerly of 5 Myddelton Square in the parish of Clerkenwell in the
County of Middlesex but now of 17 Lanark Villas, Clifton Road, Maida Vale in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to the generation of steam in a vessel (the generator) which
in proportion to a boiler that would be used for the same purpose is greatly reduced
in size. This generator is filled or partially filled with metal in a state of division.
The metallic fragments in the generator as well as the metal of which the generator
is made must be good conductors of heat. The generator itself being small can be
readily heated in a stove or furnace of moderate dimensions which can be placed
anywhere. The invention tends thus to make more general the use of steam for
engines, for heating and the many other purposes to which it is applied.
The apparatus invented with this object subverts the ordinary data of Steam Boilers;
the mass or body of water necessitating the considerable volume of the receiver is
done away with, and the receiver (generator) reduced to very small dimensions is
brought to a red heat and receives the water which is injected into it in small and
regulated proportions, so as to give birth to an instantaneous and continuous production
of steam, which thus obtained acquires a very considerable expansive force, with saving
of fuel, resulting from the utilization of all the caloric, there being no mass or body
of water to be kept heated.
But thus to obtain the production of this instantaneous steam, capable of useful
work it was necessary to find the particular arrangements suitable for dividing and
directing this steam with safety, which are set forth in the following description,
reference being had to the accompanying sheet of drawings and the figures and letters
placed thereon.
The Generator consists of a cylindrical vessel with a semi-spherical bottom A. (see
fig. 1). The lid or cover B. which is flat or semi-spherical is securely attached to the
generator by eight bolts. The dimensions of the generator do not exceed two feet in
length and one foot three inches in diameter.
The lid or cover is pierced with two holes (see fig. 3) the first to give passage to an
injector tube C. made of copper or brass which penetrates into the interior of the
generator until within a short distance of its bottom.
In the second is fixed a brass or iron tube D. serving as an escape orifice for
the steam.
The Generator is placed either vertically or horizontally in any kind of stove,
furnace, or fire-place, where it is brought to a red heat, and its feed-water pipe C.
terminates at a small pump, governed by the ordinary regulator of the machine to be
actuated (which may be of any kind), so that this pump injects only the regulated
quantity of water according to the working of this machine.

page_text: But to arrive at the production of this steam in the condition necessary for its useful
effect, it was not sufficient to introduce the water even regulated in quantity in the
generator, it was requisite that it should vaporize by pulverization and division, so as
not to form spheroidal steam.
For this purpose the injector tube C (see figure 2) consists of an outer tube closed
at the bottom, but pierced near the bottom by six small holes h, h², h², h³, h4, h³ into
this is fixed another tube, which stops some distance from the bottom of the outer
tube, and at the top is connected with the pump. The water forced by the pump
through the inner tube and thrown against the closed bottom of the outer is ejected
laterally as a spray through the holes, then coming into contact with the metallic
fragments (small pieces of any shape, of copper or some other metal being a good
conductor of heat) is instantaneously converted into steam. This steam generated in
minute quantities at innumerable points, rising through the upper layers of metallic
fragments, collects in one column and passes through the steam pipe D. to its point
application.
It is only necessary to disconnect the small pump or to close the water-cock in order
to stop the machine.
To obtain greater power it is only necessary to employ several generators in the
same furnace or stove.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
1. In a steam Generator of copper or of some other metal having a high con-
ducting power for heat, the use of fragments or pieces of copper or other metal
having a high conducting power for heat, filling or partially filling the generator, and
having for object to present a broken but indefinitely large surface on which water
injected is instantaneously vaporized.