Improvements in Portable Heaters.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by THE EARLE PORTABLE STEAM HEATER
COMPANY, of 18, Whitehall Street, New York City, U.S.A.]
Improvements in Portable Heaters.
I, HUGH, DONALD FITZPATRICK, of 70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Registered
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by
the following statement :—
My invention relates to gas and other hydro-carbon and vapor water and steam
heaters. It consists essentially in the combination with the hydro-carbon, gas or
vapor burner, of a double cylinder, so constructed that there is an internal flame
and combustion chamber for the combustion, of the gases, and vapors, and a
surrounding annular water chamber. To increase the heating effect, the water
chamber is connected with an external water and steam circulation, so that there is
a constant circulation of water through the annular water chamber. My, said
heater may be connected directly or indirectly with hot water or steam radiators
in the same manner as an ordinary hot water or steam, boiler would be connected
with radiator pipes, and thus: my heater can be used to warm rooms at a distance
from the heater.
I accomplish these various objects, by the constructions hereinafter explained
and illustrated in the drawings, whereof
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section and elevation of the apparatus without radiator
tubes.
Fig. 2 is a cross section on the line X-X of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a detail of the burner open.
Fig. 4 is a detail of the burner shut.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section and elevation of my apparatus, with, radiator
tubes on the upper steam chamber.
My heater consists of two concentric cylindrical metal shells, A. and B, and two
heads, C and D, each having two. concentric circular grooves, c, c, d, d, respectively
which fit over the slightly bevelled ends of the cylindrical shells, A, B. Tic
rods, F; F, which may be three or four in number, extend lengthwise of the annular
space, E, between the shells, A, and B, said tie rods, F, F, at one end being
threaded into the head, D, while at the other end they pass with close fit through
the head, C, nuts,, with washers being turned up on the projecting ends of said
rods. The heads, C, and D, are each perforated with a central opening, g, h,
respectively of nearly the same diameter as the inner shell, B, for the admission of
air to the burner, and escape of products of combustion. Said inner shell, B,
constitutes the flame or combustion chamber, and its wall will be in immediate
contact with the flame; and the annular space, E, between the shells, A, and B,
constitutes the water chainber, and is connected with an external circulating
system, consisting of tlie flow pipe, H, leading out near the top of the annular
water chamber, E, at one end, and into the external water and steam reservoir, I,
and of the return circulation. pipe, J, returning from the other end of the external
reservoir, I, into the lower part of the annular water chamber, E, at the other end
of the same.
Said pipes, H; and J, are connected with the chamber, E, and the
reservoir; I, in any manner usual in steam fitting. K, is a pipe for filling the
chamber, E, and preferably connected with the pipe, J, and carried just above
the water line, W, L, of the apparatus,, and may be closed by an ordinary screw
cap, k.
The drawings show, a burner adapted to, burning ordinary coal gas., The said
burner consists of the aforesaid tube, G, which projects into the inner shell, B, and

page_text: of the burner proper M. Integral with the said burner, M, is the open ring, N, N,
which is perforated with a female threaded opening, n, which fits male threads on
the tube, G. By revolving the tube, G, it may be approached toward or drawn
from the tip of the burner, M, and thereby the quantity of air admitted to the
tube, G, may be regulated to suit any given quality or pressure of gas. The tip of
the burner M, has the small needle opening m, for the passage of the gas: P, is the
cock which regulates the supply of gas to the burner. On the plug spindle of this
cock is fixed the four pointed star-wheel, O, which is so set with reference to the
aforesaid passage, p, that when either of two opposite intervals between the points
of the star are uppermost, the cock, P, will be open, and when either of the
intervals between the other two points of the star are upperinost, the cock will be
shut. The relative positions of open and shut may be indicated by proper lettering,
or by pointers, in any usual manner. Now the said intervals between any two
points of the star wheel, O, are concave surfaces, o, o, on which rides a cam, Q,
pressed on by spring, q, upon the concave surfaces, o, o. The purpose of the star
wheel, O, and cam, Q, is that the cock, P, shall always be opened, (when it is
opened) to its full capacity, for the cam, Q, will always bring some one of the
concave surfaces, o, exactly uppermost, so that when a person turns on the gas, the
cock is bound to be turned on full.
The apparatus operates as follows:-The water chamber, E, and the reservoir, I,
being. filled with water up to the water line, W-L, and gas being ignited at the
burner, M, the gas draws the air in through the ring, N, into the flame and com-
bustion chamber, b, on the principle of the injector, and burns with just the proper
quantity of air to consume it. The flame intensely heats the surface of the shell, B,
which is surrounded by the water in the chamber, E, and thus quickly heats the
water much above the boiling point. Immediately a rapid circulation begins, up
through pipe, H, reservoir, I, pipe, J, and back into the chamber, E.
Much heat
will be given off from the surface of the reservoir, I, and said reservoir, I, may
have pipes leading from it, as at S, connecting with radiators, and returning to the
reservoir, I, at T.
The arrangement shown in Fig. 1, is a steam heater. If radiating pipes be
connected with the upper part of the reservoir, I, as by pipes from the connection, S,
steam will be given off from the surface of the water in reservoir, I, and will enter
the radiating pipes in the same manner as from an ordinary steam boiler. The
radiator pipes may also be connected directly with the reservoir, I, by threading
them into said reservoir, I. This arrangement is shown in Fig. 5, where U, U, are
the radiator pipes. It is not necessary that the apparatus be filled with water up
to the level W-L in the reservoir, I; it will be sufficient if the annular water
chamber, E, be filled above the inner shell, S, leaving steam space above the water
in the annular space, E.
When the apparatus is to be used as a water heater, the apparatus and its
radiator pipes will be filled with water in the same manner as hot water apparatus,
and the ordinary expansion chambers will be provided. X, X, are standards or legs
to support the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1. The combination with a hydro-carbon gas burner of a water heater consisting
of an internal flame chamber adapted to encompass the gas flame in immediate
proximity thereto, an external shell enclosing the flame chamber so as to leave a
water space between, and an external primary circulation system operatively
connected with said water space.
2. The combination of an injector hydro-carbon gas burner, a water heater
consisting of an internal flame chamber and an external shell, with a water
space between the flame chamber and the shell, an external reservoir and a
circulating system operatively connecting the said water-space with said reservoir.
1

page_text: 3. The combination of an injector hydro-carbon gas burner, a water heater
consisting of an internal flame chamber and an external shell with a water space
between said flame chamber and shell, an external reservoir, a circulating system
operatively connecting said water space and reservoir, and a radiator operatively
connected with said reservoir.
Dated this 24th dox of October 1000
H. D. FITZPATRICK.