Improvements in Valves.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1894
Improvements in Valves.
I, JOHAN OLOF LUNDBERG of Bruzaholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The valve is characterized by being formed in one arrangement of a ring of
india-rubber or other suitable material, which through its elasticity tightens against
the seats or planes of impact which form a port or passage, wherein the ring is
laid, but which by pressure on the side nearest to the valve-opening expands or
contracts according to whether the ring surrounds the passage or, vice versa, the port
or passage surrounds the ring. It is, however, not necessary to have a complete
ring as the valve may be formed of a larger or smaller part of a ring or of a
straight piece, the ends of which are fastened above the opening of the port.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a section of a suction valve aud
delivery valve of the above described kind for a pump. The direction of the
passage of the water as caused by the operation of the plunger is shown by
arrows.
A. A² are the valve-rings and B B the seats or planes of impact against which
the rings tighten. The rings are made of india-rubber or other elastic material;
A, which serves as the suction-valve, is somewhat compressed, while the delivery
valve A' is somewhat extended in the port or annular conical groove wherein the
ring has it place, this groove being formed by the planes of impact inclining
towards each other as shown.
The ring is circular in transverse section thus tightening on a line against the
one and the other of the planes of impact on opposite sides of the valve-opening.
It is, however, not absolutely necessary that the ring should be circular in
transverse-section, as for instance it may have a transverse section approximating
more to the shape of the port, yet the circular form is preferred, as such a ring
would never come into a wrong position and moreover it tightens securely. Any
real difference, beyond the shape of the valve seats, between the construction of
the suction valve and the delivery valve does not exist, which may be seen from
the drawing, as the opening of the valve inward or outward is contingent upon the
direction of motion of the fluid through the valve-opening. A single valve therefore
looks like one or other of those shown in Figure 1 according to whether the valve-
opening is to be closed from the inside or the outside.
Thus Figures 2 and 3 show a single suction valve for pumps and the like. In
order that the valve-opening can be made larger or smaller, a ring or washer M of
india-rubber is placed as packing between the valve-seat and valve-casing thus
permitting a larger or smaller contraction of the ports. Through this arrange-
ment the pressure of the ring against the seats may also be regulated as this is
increased or decreased according to whether the port becomes Emaller or larger.
The valve proper may be straight or more or less bent or curved; Figures 4,
aud 5 show an example of the straight valve while the curved valve is shown in
Figures 6 and 7 in a more skeleton-like manner. The straight flexible valve C
Figures 4 and 5 is arranged in the port in the same manner as the before described
ring and it is held down in position by screws passing through its ends so that it is
capable of rising at the middle so as to allow the fluid to pass through. The
arrangement of the valve in Figures 6 and 7 is similar to that last described only
with this difference that the valve is arched or curved. The elastic valve, which
may be made as a cord, i.e. twisted or braided, may moreover, as clearly shown
'

page_text: have many different shapes, thus for instance Figure 8 shows the valve in spiral
form. The cylinder shown in the last-mentioned figure may have longitudinal,
parallel, openings or openings in zig-zag or other form with round or prismatic
tightening pieces or valves placed in them.
The valve described has many advantages. It need not open much as there are
passages on both sides for the fluid; it works noiselessly, tightens completely for
Aluids and if carefully made-even for different kinds of gas; it is durable and easily
replaced by a new one if required. It is not sensitive for muddy water, but even
quite thick fluids may pass through it. The valve-opening may also be placed
somewhat to the side of the lowest line of the port.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. In valves that are opened or closed automatically by the gas or other fluid a
valve composed of a circular curved bent or straight piece of elastic material
covering the valve opening and shaped according to the form of this the ability
for expansion or contraction of which renders its opening or closing possible
substantially as described.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete valve
substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete valve
substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete valve
substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying
drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete valve
substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete valve
substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 8 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 6th day of January 1894
W. P. THOMPSON & BUULT,
Agents for the Applicant.