New or Improved Means for Buffering or Reducing the Effect of Concussion at the End of the Stroke or Traverse of Loom Shuttles and other Mechanically Operating Bodies.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Means for Buffering or Reducing the Effect of
Concussion at the End of the Stroke or Traverse of Loom Shuttles
and other Mechanically Operating Bodies.
:
We, JOSEPH DE MINISZEWSKI and STANISLAS DE RUSZKOWSKI, Merchants; both
of Wlodzimierska 16, Warsaw, in the Empire of Russia, do hereby declare the
nature of the invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to certain new or improved means for buffering or
reducing the effect of concussion at the end of the stroke or traverse of moving
or reciprocating parts in mechanical apparatus, by the application of atmo-
spheric action combined with a spring buffer device.
This invention is capable of many applications in applied science. For instance
we will describe its application and working in use for softening the strokes of
a shuttle as used in weaving both on its throw and return.
The drawing represents in a side partial sectional diagramatic view the left
hand side of a loom frame showing the shuttle k, the sliding block M, and the
parts of the new apparatus in section. E, is a cylindrical boxing provided with
flanges for bolting to the loom frame A. The said boxing E has a perforation o,
in the capped end E', thereof and the buffer D, is enclosed within the boxing E, E¹,
and is free from contact with the sides and end thereof. Between the cap F³,
and the buffer D, is placed a light spring f, which will act to return the buffer D,
after the same shall have been driven toward the end E. of the boxing E, by
the concussion of the block M, following the impact of the shuttle at the end.
of its throw. A similar apparatus will in like manner be bolted or affixed to
the loom frame at the right hand side thereof to take up and reduce the con-
cussion of the shuttle on its back stroke.
The buffer D is provided with a shank B, and a head C. extending through a
hole in the frame A, toward the sliding concussion block M. In the portion of
the frame A, covered by the boxing E, holes p, are drilled to set up atmospheric
communication from that side with the interior of the boxing E.
As soon as the shuttle strikes the sliding block M, the same will transfer the
motion to the head C, and shank B, of the buffer D, which will thereupon slide
in the boxing F, and bear against the spring f. At the same time, as this takes
place, the air to the left of buffer D, will escape partly around the spring and
by the aperture o, and partly around the buffer D, to the right hand side of the
buffer D.
The overcoming of this resistance of the spring f. and the atmospheric cushion
on the left hand side of the buffer D, results from the active power of the shuttle
movement, which continues until the same is fully moved toward the end E¹, of
the boxing E, and then there is assumed a point of rest of the buffer and its
parts and its action together with the atmospheric action.
The return stroke of the buffer D. and consequently of the block M, will be
effected by the force of the spring f, and consequently the lefthand side of the
D

page_text: boxing will then become refilled with air whilst the capacity of the cylinder
on the right hand side of D, will be diminished, the air finding escape by the
holes p, on that side and having access by way of the hole o, on the other side
and the free space around the buffer D.
By suitable diminution or increase of the holes o, and p, relatively to the
capacity of the cylinder E E', on each side of buffer D, and also of the force of
the spring f, the adjustment of the pressure and resistance to the shock will be
effected.
The back face of buffer D), on its return action will bear upon the cushion of
air on the right hand side of the cylinder E, the air finding a gradual escape
by way of the holes p. The sliding block A, being by action of the buffer
head C, returned to position to meet the shuttle at the end of its next throw.
Without however departing from the essential character of this improved
device the cylinder E, may be open at its right hand side or base, instead of
merely providing the holes p, in the plate A, as this will only modify the
atmospheric effect on that side.
The spring f, may also be modified in its effect by any suitable counter-
balance or counter action such as for instance a counter spring placed at the
back of buffer D, and the support of the cylinder E, or otherwise such spring
may be placed between the back of buffer D, and any bearing or support of the
sliding rod B, as may be the case.
Still having reference to the invention as applied to a shuttle, the following
advantages may be mentioned:-
:-
1. Metallic shuttles can be used instead of wooden ones.
2. There is obviated the liability of the yarns to leave the shuttle bobbin which
is liable to occur in consequence of a violent shock.
Dated the 15th November 1898.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
New or Improved Means for Buffering or Reducing the Effect of
Concussion at the End of the Stroke or Traverse of Loom Shuttles
and other Mechanically Operating Bodies.
We, JOSEPH DE MINISZEWSKI and STANISLAS DE RUSZKOWSKI, Merchants, both
of Wlodzimierska 16, Warsaw, in the Empire of Russia, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manuer the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain new or improved means for buffering or
reducing the effect of concussion at the end of the stroke or traverse of moving
or reciprocating parts in mechanical apparatus, by the application of atmospheric
action combined with a spring or equivalent buffer device.
This invention is capable of many applications in applied science. We will
describe its application and working in use for softening the strokes of a
shuttle as used in wearing both on its throw and return and for which it has
been specially designed.
.
The accompanying drawings represent diagrammatically an arrangement of
mechanism in accordance with this invention applied to a loom. It will of course
be evident in this case that a similar arrangement should be employed on the
other side of the loom,

page_text: The improved mechanism comprises a cylindrical box E secured at a suitable
part of the loom by a screw H for example as shown. In the box E works a
piston D with sufficient play to allow the air to escape as hereinafter described,
this piston being connected by a tubular rod B with the head C; the head C
is normally situated close to the picker M. Between the bottom of the cylinder
and the piston D is interposed a spring f which is fitted in a casing E on the
bottom of the box E and extends into the above mentioned tubular rod B and
bears against the head C. The casing E' is capable of entering the tubular rod B
when this is forced back and by means of the spring f the piston D is normally
maintained at the shuttle end of the box E but not quite touching the oppositely
situated cylinder cover E.
Upon the impact of the shuttle, the motion of same is transmitted by the picker M,
head C, and rod B to the piston D; consequently the air contained in the box E
is partly driven around the piston into the continually increasing space behind
same. Thus in the motion of the piston not only the air pressure but also the
resistance of the spring f has to be overcome.
Both these sections are effected
at the expense of the momentum of the shuttle, and when this has in this
manner been completely absorbed there is a momentary stop in the motion of
the shuttle and piston whereupon the compressed spring commences to act. The
return motion of the picker M to its original position takes place as smoothly as
the previous motion in the opposite direction, since in consequence of the travel
of the piston towards the shuttle the internal pressure in the left hand or
opposite space of the box E becomes less, and although this difference of pressure
continually tends to become equalized, yet by suitably proportioning the dimen-
sions of the space through which the piston works this equalization may be
caused to occur as slowly as may be desired. With the object of regulating the
speed at which the air passes into the cylinder space furthest away from the
shuttle, a small orifice, (not shown) provided if desired with a milled screw
stopper, may in some cases be employed in the cylinder wall.
It is clear that by means of this difference of air pressure which occurs in the
space of the cylinder away from the shuttle as described the action of the spring f
is assisted on the impact of the shuttle and on the return motion of the piston is
suppressed, and the picker in the latter case returns freely, smoothly and without
shock to its original position in order to receive the next impact of the shuttle.
It will be obvious that the substance of the invention would be in no way
changed if the cylinder cover Ea be omitted; at the most the rapidity of action
only would be affected. Further the spring between the bottom of the cylinder
and the piston can be arranged in any desired way and even substituted by a
suitably arranged counterweight or equivalent device. Moreover both of the
shuttle ends might if desired be provided with similar shock-reducing arrange-
ments.
The described arrangement has proved to be entirely sufficient in practice
and offers the following advantages:
1. Since the disturbing action of concussion is almost entirely overcome,
the unpractical wooden shuttles now in use can be exchanged for much more
convenient metal shuttles.
2. With the ordinary arrangements it frequently happens that on the occurrence
of a violent shock the thread owing to slowness of feed becomes tangled on the
bobbin or will also partially leave the bobbin. In the present case this is im-
possible, since the impact of the shuttle is received elastically and smoothly.
3. As the shuttle is always thrown back to the same position the tension of the
shuttlethread always remains the same and consequently this is always regularly
woven in, which is at once noticeable in the fabric.
Although we have described our invention as applied to a loom, it will be
evident that it is capable of employment in many other cases where it is desirable
to reduce or modify the concussion of mechanically operating bodies, and the
application of the invention in such cases will be understood from the foregoing

page_text: description without further explanation. It is especially useful in all cases in
weaving where the reception of impact or the picking is effected by means of bands
ör straps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what inmanner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim ia:
-
1. In apparatus for reducing the effect of concussion at the end of the stroke
or traverse of mechanically operating bodies, the combination of a buffer cham-
ber, a piston or plunger working therein and a spring, counterweight or equi-
valent device, whereby the varying air pressure existing in said buffer chamber
during the travel of the piston effects a smooth and regular absorption of the
impact of the moving body and a smooth and regular return of same, substantially
as described.
2. Apparatus for reducing the concussion of a shuttle in looms at the end of
its throw, said apparatus comprising a buffer chamber, a piston or plunger working
therein, and a spring, counterweight or equivalent device and with or without
an air orifice to regulate the speed of return of said plunger, all substantially
as and for the purposes described.
1
3. Apparatus for reducing concussion substantially as herein described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 11th dow of & 1900
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS, 1
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.