matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED RAILWAY BREAK
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by Thomas Walker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS WALKER, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED RAILWAY BREAK" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to give a train in danger, or the per-
sons at a station, the power of stopping or retarding a coming train so
as to prevent a collision, or stop the train before arriving at the station.
To accomplish this I employ a break that will skid or lock the front and
driving wheels of the engine or leading carriage of the coming train,
and bring the same to a stand or retard the progress thereof.
Figure 1, is a side view of my break in action on a railway engine;
and Figure 2, an end view of the break. The break is composed of
uprights A, A, of metal, or wood and metal combined, which are braced
together by cross pieces B, B, and connected to the horizontal parts
C, C, which slide on the rails, and are furnished with flanges to retain
the break on the rails. The upper surfaces of the parts C, C, are formed

page_text: as inclined planes to allow the wheels of the advancing engine or car-
riage to run on them, as seen in Figure 1. When it is necessary to
stop a coming train one of these breaks is slid along the rails to a suffi-
cient distance from the stationary train or station and there left. As
soon as the coming train has reached it, and the wheels of the engine or
leading carriage are on the break, the driving wheels of the engine will
cease to exert any effect in propelling the train, and the train will only
continue to advance until its momentum is overcome, the friction be-
tween the break and the rails gradually bringing the train to a stand.
The break may have wheels added, to enable it to be brought to its
position more easily, and the form and construction may be varied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY AND OILY MATTERS TO RENDER THEM APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES AND NIGHT LIGHTS
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Meyer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd November 1853.
I, FREDERICK MEYER, of Paradise Street, Lambeth, do hereby declare
the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY AND
OILY MATTERS TO RENDER THEM APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
CANDLES AND NIGHT LIGHTS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of converting into acids, by the ordinary
saponifying process of stearic acid, manufacturers palm oil or other oils
or fatty matters which are acted on or bleached by chlorine gas or
hydrochloric acid or bicromate of potash, in combination with an acid
or salt, or with currents of steam or atmospheric air, such converting
into acids being carried on before, or after, or at the time of such
bleaching.
IMPROVED MACHI- NERY FOR REMOVING THE SEED FROM FLAX AND OTHER PLANTS, AND BREAKING THE BOLLS OR PODS
Year: 1853

page_text: sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd June 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed-not' having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, NICHOLAS MARSHALL CUMMINS, of Cork, and JOHN DE COCK
KENIFECK, of Belfast, both in the Kingdom of Ireland, Gentlemen, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHI-
NERY FOR REMOVING THE SEED FROM FLAX AND OTHER PLANTS, AND BREAKING
THE BOLLS OR PODS," to be as follows:-
The machine which forms the subject of our Invention has for its
object to detach the seed bolls or pods from flax, hemp, and other
vegetable fibrous materials, and to break the said seed bolls or pods,
Hitherto this has been a tedious
and remove the seeds therefrom.
operation, and, unless care is employed, is frequently very inefficiently
performed. By means of our improved machine this object is effected
in an expeditious, economical, and most effectual manner. The head,
or that part of the plant where the seed bolls or pods are situated, is
placed upon a table, over which are made to pass a number of rubbing

page_text: surfaces or blocks, which are affixed to arms extending from a vertical
shaft, which is actuated in any convenient manner. The table on
which the plants are placed ought to be supported in such a manner
that it will yield to any undue pressure, such as when any extraneous
matter or too large a bunch of the plants is placed thereon. By this
means the entrance of any extraneous substances, such as a stick or
stone, would not materially derange the machine. The rubbing table
upon which the plants to be operated upon are placed is corrugated or
roughened on its upper surfaces, and forms part of a circle, and may be
from two to three feet long. The rubbing blocks may, if required, be
also corrugated or roughened on their under surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OR MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE MATERIALS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM EDIE, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North
Britain, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OR MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE
MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the so arranging the rollers of spinning and
other machines for the manufacture of various textile fabrics that they
shall produce yarn of superior quality, and work more efficiently and
accurately than at present. For this purpose the lower drawing roller
is grooved circumferentially to suit the thickness of the sliver roving
or material passing through, whilst the upper or presser roller, which
is of cast iron, has a plain edge or surface fitting to such groove, the
textile material passed through being thus nipped or compressed in
the groove. Again, the line of upper or pressing or retaining rollers

page_text: is arranged so that the individual rollers of cach pair shall be fast and
loose alternately, that is, cach arbor or roller spindle carries two
rollers, one fast and one loose. Then so long as the frame is working
properly the arbor revolves together with both the fast and loose
roller upon it; and should a lump come down with the yarn, the
obstruction will take effect on one roller only, so that the "end" of
that roller only will fail or come down, whilst the next roller on the
same arbor will continue to work, and its end or thread will remain
unbroken.
By this system of working, the rollers operate efficiently with, at
least, one half the usual compressing weight upon them, and hence
there is a considerable saving in the power employed in driving the
machine.
AN IMPROVED FOSSIL COAL FUEL, WHICH I DESIRE TO DENOMINATE BLUNT'S DIAMOND COAL FUEL
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fly Blunt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CHARLES FLY BLUNT, of 19, Montague Place, Russell Square, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED FOSSIL COAL FUEL, WHICH I DESIRE TO
DENOMINATE BLUNT'S DIAMOND COAL FUEL,'" to be as follows:-
The nature and intention of my said Invention is the production of a
new artificial fossil coal fuel, the peculiar character of which I thus
describe:
1. It is of higher calorific value than ordinary coal; and,
2. It produces less smoke in its combustion.
The manner in which I produce such said improvements is as follows:
-I compose the said fuel of the following substances in combination
with each other, and the proportions of each in such combination being
as follows; viz. for the composition of the same the substances I employ
and use are bituminous coal, anthracite coal, caustic lime, coal tar,
gypsum, ground coke, ground cinders, and bark, and the addition of
. C

page_text: 1000
I take such materials so proportioned to each other as regards their
respective and relative quantities, and I intimately mix them together
by grinding or other manipulation of like nature and intent, and I then
mould, cast, or press the concrete material so prepared in particular
forms or figures in equal and uniform blocks; and the forms which
in practice 'find-best, suited to such purpose are the following; viz.
1, the sphere, or spheroidal modifications of that solid; 2, the
cylinder; 3, the prism; 4, the figure termed dodecrahedon, of 12 equal
pentagon faces; 5, the cube; & 6,.parallelopipedon; such-forms-being.
chosen by me, because, when in action, they afford the most suitable
insterstitial spaces amongst themselves to insure a due supply to and
intermixture of atmospheric air with the gases produced in combustion;
and thus support and increase it.
The claim is for the forms or figures of the blocks of fuel, as
regards the interstitial spaces they afford in their arrangement, when in
use and action, and taken in combination with the composition herein--
before stated.....
AN IMPROVEMENT IN PADDLE WHEELS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George White at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
September 1853.-A communication.
I, GEORGE WHITE, of No. 5, Laurence Pountney Lane, in the City
of London, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PADDLE WHEELS" to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to have each paddle of a paddle wheel
moveable on a horizontal axis to which it is affixed, these axis
turning at their extremities into suitable collars or holes formed in the
spokes of the wheel, and thereby permitting to the paddles of assuming
suitable vertical angular positions varying at different points of the
revolution of the wheel, indented sectors or lever arms being affixed to
the paddles or to their axis, which sectors or lever arms are actuated
by means of indented or other rods, the other extremity of which rods
rests against the circumferance of one or more cams or excentricums
embodying the main shaft of the paddle wheel, and which cams or

page_text: excentricums are firmly secured to shipboard or to the paddle box, or
to both of them. And by this arrangement I am enabled to give to
the paddles such positions as when out of the water to offer the least
resistance to the air; and, on the contrary, when immerged in the
water to offer the greatest quantity of usefull resistance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING, STAMPING, AND CUTTING IRON OR OTHER SUBSTANCES, WHICH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS IS COMMONLY CALLED A STEAM HAMMER
Year: 1853

page_text: I, JOSEPH HALEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING, STAMPING, AND
CUTTING IRON OR OTHER SUBSTANCES, WHICH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS IS
COMMONLY CALLED A STEAM HAMMER," to be as follows:-
I propose to employ a lever, or what is commonly called a helve, as
now employed for the well known forge or tilt hammer, and to place at
a convenient distance from its end a steam cylinder, either under or
over, so as to force or draw up the helve or hammer; the piston rod of
such cylinder being so attached to the helve as to allow of the usual
vibration, and which cylinder shall rock on an axis, to accommodate or
follow the radius of the helve.
I propose that the helve shall, at its back or tail end, rest in a piece
made to slide up or down by suitable means, in order that such tail
end of the helve can be raised or lowered at pleasure, for the purpose

page_text: of admitting various bulks or pieces under the hammer, and also to
ensure a horizontal or parallel blow being given to the work.
In the said sliding piece I propose to insert a packing of cork, or
other suitable substance which will yield sufficient when the force of
the steam suddenly acts on the helve, in order to prevent the injurious
effects which might be produced by the suddenness of the blow or
action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING MECHANISM
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Little at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN LITTLE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING MECHANISM" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the arrangement of self acting apparatus
for the supply of oil and other lubricating matters or cooling sub-
stances to machinery in motion, whereby the lubricating matters are
regularly and uniformly, supplied to the contact surfaces in direct
accordance with the wants of such surfaces in relation to variations
in the speed of working, without any extraneous attention whatever.
The oil or other lubricating matter is supplied to a suitable reser-
voir, fitted with a strainer for detecting foreign matters; and in the
bottom of this reservoir is one or more valves, guarding passages
in communication with the rubbing surfaces. Each valve is con-
nected to a short lever hinged vertically to the bottom of the
reservoir, and fitted with a spring tending to retain the valvular
passage closed. The whole may be unscrewed from the inside of

page_text: the cup for cleaning, if necessary. In the upper part of the reser-
voir is a short horizontal spindle, carrying a cam or actuating pin
for each valve, the pin in each case being contrived to press late-
rally, when required, against the upper end of the valve lever. One
end of this horizontal shaft projects out at the side of the reservoir,
and carries a pendulum lever, which is worked at each revolution of
the shaft, to be lubricated by a pin or other projection on such
shaft, or by such other means as the special movement may render
necessary. Thus, as the working action goes on, the reciprocatory
action of the pendulum works the valve levers correspondingly, and
elevates the valves at each movement, so as to permit a small
quantity of oil to pass through to the rubbing surfaces. Then, to
regulate the quantity really discharged through, a small adjustable
stop cock or valve is placed in the supply pipe beneath a spindle
passing from such valve to a position suitable for the attendant, an
index scale and hand being fitted up to show the extent of discharge
opening. If cooling mixtures, such as sulphur or other cooling
compounds, are to be applied, they may be kept in a separate
division in the reservoir, having a pipe cominunicating with the oil
discharge pipe, so that they can be supplied along with the usual
lubricating matter, as required. Various modifications of apparatus
may be adopted, the essence of the Invention being a regular and
full supply to journals of any size, which may be increased or dimi-
nished instantaneously by the attendant without the least waste,
and flowing and stopping with the machinery without any extra-
neous attention whatever.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD CUTTING MACHINERY
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Archbutt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st November 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ROBERT ARCHBUTT, trading under the style or firm of Worssam
& Co., of King's Road, Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WOOD CUTTING MACHINERY" to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to an improved feed motion for propelling the
baulks or slabs to the cutting mechanism, and consists in the employ-
ment of an endless travelling chain which passes round a tumbler and
carrier pulley. The timber to be cut is laid upon or kept in contact
with this chain by pressure. Motion is given to the tumbler either
by a ratchet wheel and pall, or by any other suitable mechanical
arrangement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BLAST FURNACES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Parry at the mee
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE PARRY, of the Ebbw Vale Iron Works, in the County
of Monmouth, Furnace Manager, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLAST FURNACES" to be as
follows:
The peculiar feature of novelty in this Invention consists in
keeping an empty space, or rather a space free from minerals or coal
in or near the central part of the furnace, thereby diminishing the
resistance offered to the upward passage and escape of the blast and
gases. This object is effected by hanging, or otherwise supporting,
a skeleton fraine or tube, or a short tube perforated at the bottom
and sides, thereby forming a sort of cage. It may be made of metal
or other suitable material, and may be placed either beneath the
surface of the fuel or on a level with it. It is advisable to cover it
with some top or covering which will prevent the fuel or mineral
from falling in and yet will allow a free passage to the gases. By
this means the blast will be more evenly distributed, the central

page_text: part will be acted upon powerfully thereby, and the sides of the
furnace will be kept cooler than usual; consequently an economy
of fuel must take place, and the yield of metal within a given time
will be increased.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING YARNS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Heywood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Pétition, on the
1st November 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES HEYWOOD, of Ratcliffe Bridge, in the County of Lan-
caster, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING
YARNS" to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to printing such yarns as are required to be
partially printed in the "hank," leaving intermediate spaces blank, and
to be subsequently employed in manufacturing clouded or speckled
goods or fabrics. Any convenient number of hanks of yarn are to be
distended endwise by passing them over two side rods or rails contained
in a suitable framework for holding them, and such number of hanks
presenting a flat horizontal surface capable of being printed upon, when
placed side by side. The parts of the yarns not to be printed upon or
to be left blank are to be pressed or preserved between flat ribs or
bars, so secured or held together (the yarn being nipped between them)
as entirely to prevent any of the printing color being introduced upon

page_text: such spaces, and consequently the spaces of the yarn exposed between
such ribs or bars are open to receive the colours. The printing part of
the apparatus is composed of small revolving printing rollers or bowls
which furnish themselves with the color placed in small color troughs
underneath them, the whole apparatus being completed by a printing
table or board situated above all and over the yarn, this table being
covered with a printing blanket or bed. The operation of printing is
performed by passing the rollers along longitudinal supporting rails
under the yarns (which are distended'in hanks crosswise) from one end
of the frame of yarn to the otlier, thus printing any width or color of
stripe or pattern required simply by a suitable arrangement of the
width of the retaining bars or strips, and a corresponding interposition
of the printing rollers operating between them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC COM- POUNDS
Year: 1853

page_text: with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
November 1853.-A communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC COM-
POUNDS to be as follows:-
I propose to take parts of copper and nickel, adding thereto borax
and saltpetre, and melt the whole in the usual manner. To the mass
I add parts of tin and zinc, then cover the crucible or melting pot with
animal charcoal and alum previously mixed, melt, and when perfectly
amalgamated, pour into moulds, to make ingots of the amalgam.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING MEAT
Year: 1853

page_text: I, HENRY ELD SYMONDS, of Seacombe, near Liverpool, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING
MEAT to be as follows:-
This Invention is peculiarly applicable for preserving meat on board
ship, and consists of forcing by mechanical means, such as by fans, or
by blowing or exhausting machinery, currents of artificially refrigerated
or chilled air in contact with the meat to be preserved.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Judge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th January 1853.
(Voil by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS JUDGE, of High Street, Hampstead, in the County of
Middlesex, Watchmaker, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS" to be as follows:-
This Invention refers to a novel construction of propeller, which
acts upon the water somewhat like a vibrating fan in the air. Tho
propeller consists of a vertical blade mounted on a reciprocating shaft,
which is worked by a crank rod passing from the motive power
machinery to a cross arm which is mounted loosely on the propeller
shaft, but which is held firmly in any required position by means of a
worm carried by the arm, and taking into the teeth of a worm wheel
keyed to the propeller shaft. By the throw of the crank rod a recipro-
cating motion is communicated through the shaft to the propeller blade,
and thereby the propulsion of the vessel is effected. The direction of the
vessel's course may be determined by adjusting the mean position of the
propeller to any given angle to the keel of the vessel by means of

page_text: the worm and worm wheel, or by any analogous contrivance, and the
course of the vessel may be reversed by reversing the position of the
propeller blade. Or two blades may be mounted in the same line, and
in such a manner as to act in opposite directions, so that by the trans-
ference of the driving power from the one to the other the reverso
action may be instantly obtained.
THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE FROM RAW PEAT
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John O'Connor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
April 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN O'CONNOR, of Glentworth Street, in the City of Limerick, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE MANUFACTURE
OF COKE FROM RAW PEAT" to be as follows, viz. submitting the raw peat
to the action of a composition consisting principally of gas tar, previous
to its being used in a furnace, or placed in the coke oven:-A quantity
of gas tar is boiled for some hours in a large boiler; the peat is then
immersed for some time, and afterwards dried, when it becomes a
more powerful agent for the production of steam, weight for weight, than
the best coke. The danger and inconvenience of using common peat
in locomotive boilers is completely overcome. The bulk required does
not exceed one fourth that of the quantity of common peat required to
produce the same quantity of steam.
In- PROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING SEWERS, MINES, OR OTHER SUBTERRANEAN WORKS
Year: 1853

page_text: WULLID
time prescribed by the Act.)
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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Abraham Rogers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd December 1853.
I, ABRAHAM ROGERS, Bradford, Yorkshire, Coal Proprietor and
Miner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING SEWERS, MINES, OR OTHER SUBTERRANEAN
WORKS" to be as follows:-
1, I propose to construct two or more ovens with chimney or shaft,
of such materiels, form, and demensions as may be required for the
production of heat by the manufacture of coke.
2, I propose to construct over these ovens an archway, which shall
extend between the chimney shaft and the sewer, mine, or other place
to be ventilated, and also to connect the mouths of the ovens, by means
of a tube or pipe, with the place to be ventilated, so as to obtain a
constant draught of air to pass through the oven to facilitate combus-
tion and ventilation.

page_text: By these arrangements the archway over the ovens, and communi-
cating with the sewer or mine, and the shaft or chimney will be kept
in a constant state of heat, by which the foul air will be drawn to the
shaft, & from it discharged into the atmosphere.
What I claim, therefore, is, the new combination of the various
parts, to apply the heat evolved in the manufacture of coke, gas, or
other materiel, for the purpose of ventilation, which will be of great
public utility, with economy.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING A COMPOSI- TION SHAVING SOAP, OR OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Smith Shipley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th May 1853.
I, SAMUEL SMITH SHIPLEY, of 3, Fowkes Buildings, Tower Street,
London, in the County of Middlesex, Esq, trading under the firm of
Shipley & Co, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING A COMPOSI-
TION SHAVING SOAP, OR OTHER ARTICLES," consists in producing them in
circular or other shape glass, or other tubes, measuring about of an
inch in diameter in the clear, and 1 of an inch on the outer diameter,
and 3 inches in length. At one end of this tube I place a ring or
hollow ferrule with a set off or flanch at one end projecting inward,
which flanch is about one of an inch wide. This ring or ferrule
which, in its inside, is of the precise size or diameter of the outer
diameter of the tube, is placed on and cemented firmly at one end
thereof. This being done, it will be evident the flanch of the ferrule
being one of an inch wide, and the thickness of the metal tube
of glass being only one of an inch thick. that there will be at

page_text: that end on which the ferrule is fixed a projecting ledge or set-off'
within of one of an inch wide. It is now intended to place with in
the tube a circular washer of metal glass or porcelaine about one of
an inch in thickness, and a trifle smaller in diameter than the inner
diameter of the tube, so that when dropped into it will fall down upon
the projecting flanch of the ferrule within, and take its intended rest-
ing place thereon; the piece of circular composition soap, which has
been prepared and moulded of the desired shape, diameter, and length,
is now placed within, which fills up the tube; a capsule or cover of
metal, about of an inch in depth, is now nicely fitted & placed over
the top of the case or tube, which renders the same complete for the
market. The construction of this apparatus is so exceedingly simple
that it will be needless adverting as to how it is to be used, further than
to observe that the capsule or cover can be removed, and the finger
pressing upon the washer at the other end will cause the material
within to protrude through at the other end about one of an inch, or
any other convenient depth when it is ready to be used, after which it
may be pressed down in its place again, and the capsule or cover fixed
on as before, and so on; the operation may be repeated for every day's
use, the contents of cach case furnishing several months supply. Tavail
myself of the use of porcelaine, horn, bone, ivory, metal, gutta-percha, or
any other material or materials also in making any part or parts of the
apparatus in any material or materials, or make any other deviation in
shape or configuration or otherwise to my convenience other than
mentioned herein, so long as I do not depart from ny Invention.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN AND OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1853

page_text: I, JOSEPH MARTIN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Mer-
chant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN AND OTHER GRAIN" to be as
follows:-
In all flat stone mills it has hitherto been the practice to cause the
upper stone to revolve, while the under stone has been kept stationary.
Now my Juvention consists, first, in driving the under stone while the
upper is stationary; and, second, in the application of a spring in
place of a key to secure the wheel to the shaft employed for commu-
nicating rotary motion to the stone.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING COATED METAL
Year: 1853

page_text: I, JOHN DAVIE MORRIES STIRLING, of the Larches, near Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING COATED METAL" to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing metals which have been coated by
electrical or chemical action to be subjected to a rolling process, and
thus to obtain not only a reduction of thickness, but, when desired,
the planishing of the metal surfaces so coated.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR FORGING, DRAWING, MOULDING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Platt, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR FORGING, DRAWING, MOULDING,
Sealed the 1st February 1853, and dated the 11th November 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Platt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th November 1853. :
I, JOHN PLATT, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR FORGING,
DRAWING, MOULDING, OR FORMING SPINDLES, ROLLERS, BOLTS, AND VARIOUS
OTHER ARTICLES IN METALS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements upon that principle of appa-
ratus or machine for the above-mentioned purposes known as "Ryder's
Forging Machine."

page_text: It consists, first, in an arrangement by which the springs (either
internal or external) hitherto used for lifting the hammer after the blow
has been struck, and for keeping the "cradle" in contact with the
excentric, are dispensed with. This is accmplished by connecting the
hammer with the excentric so that it will lift it as well as force it
down.
Secondly, in the addition of mechanism by which the under or
bottom swage and block can be raised or lowered during the operation
of forging and while the machine is at work, which movement is found
necessary in forging a certain class of articles; this is accomplished by
an incline and wedge, which may have motion imparted to it backwards
and forwards for this purpose by means of a screw, pinion, and wheel,
the wedge acting upon the end of the piston which acts against the
spring within the swage block.
Thirdly, in an arrangement of mechanism for adjusting the bottom
or under swage and block. This is accomplished by an arrangement
similar to that referred to in the second part of this Invention, but as it
is only employed for adjustment no wheel and pinion are required, and
the screw need only act to force the incline forward so as to raise the
block. and swage. This adjustment has been hitherto accomplished by
screws and check nuts, which, having to sustain the shock of the
hammer, are very liable to get out of repair..
The general effect of these improvements is to diminish the wear and
tear of the machines, and to render them capable of being employed in
a heavier class of work than has been hitherto practicable.
Year: 1853

page_text: davit, so that it is capable of swinging round horizontally, either in
board or out, and the rope is carried up from the vertical portion over
the curved swinging piece, by one or more guide pulleys. The loose
end of the rope or chain then diverges, after leaving the davit, into
two separate short links or lengths, which embrace the boat trans-
versely fore and aft, one length hanging down each side. Each-length
is terminated by a loop or ring; so that when the two rings in each
case are connected, they form a large loop, to steady and hold the
boat. At the stern of the boat a short lever is fitted up, to work on a
fixed centre; and from the lower end of this lever a rod of iron runs
along in guides, at the side of or beneath the keel, or along any other
convenient part of the boat. This rod carries catch pins, or detents or
pins, so contrived that they shall form the connection between the
terminal rings of the loop lengths of chain or rope. In this way the
boat may be easily elevated, and swing out-board by the hand working
the ropes, or by the winch and winding barrels, and by the swinging
round of the upper parts of the davits; and, when in the water, to
which it is thus let down on an even keel, the party inside draws the
lever at the stern, and, disengaging the chain links, completely releases
the boat.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-ARMS AND ORDNANCE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Farmer Brand at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th November 1853.
I, RICHARD FARMER BRAND, of South Terrace, Willow Walk,
Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-ARMS AND
ORDNANCE" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in and has for its object the securing of the
barrels of fire-arms and ordnance, as far as practicable, from expansion
at the point of ignition of the charge; and it is proposed by this Inven-
tion that such ignition should take place in front of the enlarged or
strengthened portion of the barrel at the breech part thereof by making
such part proportionably strong, according to the diameter of the
barrel, by which both lightness and strength may be obtained. An
example of this Invention is given by the illustrative Drawing hereunto
annexed, of which the following is a description:-A, marks a portion
of the barrel of a musket; B, the point of ignition of the charge; C,

page_text: the enlarged part of the barrel, which may be produced by forming
such part of one and the same piece of metal as the other parts of the
barrel, or by driving a steel collar over the barrel so as to surround it
at that part which it is required to strengthen for the purpose of pre-
venting expansion, as before stated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARTRIDGES, AND OF WADS OR WADDING FOR FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Coope Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th April 1853.
I, JOHN COOPE HADDAN, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARTRIDGES, AND OF WADS OR
WADDING FOR FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
My improvements in cartridges consist, firstly, in making part or
parts of the case thinner or of less strength than other parts, so that
on being pressed or squeezed such thin part will burst and allow
the powder to leave or escape or partly escape from the case; and,
secondly, in forming the case so as to open and allow the powder to
escape or partly escape from the case on suitable pressure being applied,
or on being otherwise acted upon.
My improvements in wadding consist, firstly, in making each wad of
two or more rings or annular pellets, having different interior diameters,
and formed of felt, paper, or other suitable material; and, secondly,

page_text: in forming annular or concave wads for guns, of paper, pulp, straw,
or any other suitable composition or material, in moulds, dies, or other
suitable apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN NEEDLES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Beard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd April 1853.
I, WILLIAM BEARD, of the firm of Kirby, Beard, and Company, of
Cannon Street, in the City of London, Pin and Needle Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN NEEDLES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," to be as follows,
viz. :-
I manufacture needles by making them with eyes near the points
thereof, and the needles the same or nearly the same guage throughout,
which I effect by forming them by the aid of dies corresponding to the
needle required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALKALI AND CHLORINE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cormack at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th July 1853.
(This Invention did not proceed, the Law Officer having refused
Provisional Protection.)
1, WILLIAM CORMACK, of No. 2, Princes Street, Finsbury, in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALKALI AND
CHLORINE" to be as follows :—
My improvements are in the application of hydrogen, carbonic, oxide
in conjunction with atmospheric air, also carbonic acid, hydrogen, and
atmospheric air; both of which, by the agency of licat, are employed
by me for the decomposing common salt, thereby producing alkali and
chlorine, as afterwards to be described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRING EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Norton, of Cork, in the County of Cork,
Ireland, Esquire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRING
EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS."
Sealed the 7th December 1853 and dated the 4th October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Norton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th October 1853.
I, JOHN NORTON. of Cork, in the County of Cork, Ireland, Esquire,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FIRING EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a system of firing cannon and explosive
charges in other situations, by mere tensional action upon a piece of
cord or a communicating line of any convenient kind. Such a cord is
in two pieces, the two contiguous junction ends being only slightly
attached together, whilst the joint is cemented with the composition

page_text: which lucifer matches are tipped, or any other composition capable of
exploding or igniting by frictional effects. In applying this system of
firing to cannon, the cord junction is arranged conveniently near the
touch-hole or priming, so that on pulling one end of the cord, the other
being fixed, the line separates, and the resultant friction of the contact
cemented surfaces ignites the charge. The plan is equally applicable
for blasting and other explosive processes. In applying this arrange-
ment to shells, the cord passes through the centre of the explosive mass
in the shell, so that the ignition takes place at the very centre. For
submarine shells, as well as for other explosive agents, both above and
below water level, a set of wooden or other pegs or slips are arranged
round a central wire, the whole being held in an external head or case
piece. This combination is placed within the shell, the interior surfaces
of the pegs being coated with some frictional explosive compound,
whilst the extreme end of the central wire is roughened or burred up,
so that when the wire is drawn longitudinally through or between the
pegs by its attaching string, the burred surface ignites the explosive
coating and explodes the shell.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES
Year: 1853

page_text: Bellford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 2nd February 1853.-A communication..
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, AUGUSTE EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of the United Patent
Offices, 16, Castle Street, Holborn, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CANDLES" to be as follows:
This Invention consists principally of the use of dry wick, and
their insertion in the candles after they have been moulded, so that
the wicks are not saturated with tallow.
Fig. 1, of the annexed Drawings represented in section the dry
wick candle.
Fig. 2, represents on the same system, but with a double wick
twisted as the wicks for wax candles in burning, the two wicks
seperate, and give wide and white flame.
The effect obtained by avoiding the saturation of the wick by the
tallow before its being lighted is, that the capillary power is thus

page_text: much greater, that is, that the tallow ascends much more freely
into the burning part of the wick. This system is also applicable to
wax candles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1853

page_text: orge
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 9th June 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE WILLIAM GARROOD, of Maldon, Essex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING
VESSELS" to be as follows:
My Invention consists in propelling ships or vessels by means of
endless chain bands passing over two wheels or hollow drums fitted to
each side of the ship, float boards being secured at certain distances
apart to the chain band. The accompanying Drawing shows a longi-
tudinal view of the arrangement: A, B, are the two wheels, the largest
of which is fitted to the fore or other suitable part of the ship; C, C, is
the endless chain or band which passes round the wheels or drums, and
to this chain are fastened a number of float boards of any convenient
size. When the wheels A, B, are put in motion by a steam engine
the chain C, C, is drawn over the after wheel B, drawing the float
boards through the water; by these means a greater number of float
boards are brought to act upon the water than when an ordinary

page_text: paddle wheel is used; they are also drawn out of the water nearly in a
vertical direction, thus increasing the propelling power. The main
wheel also exerts a propelling power, independently of that gained by
the floats on the band; the other wheel is chiefly for the purpose
of retaining the band. Two, three, or more of these bands may be
employed.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jeremiah Payne at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 15th June 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN JEREMIAH PAYNE, of Upper King Street, Bloomsbury, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a new mode of arranging and disposing
the axles of railway and other carriages so as to afford to such parts
greater security than hitherto, and at the same time to allow the wheels
to turn freely therewith, and for each wheel of a pair of wheels to have
liberty of distinct and separate rotary movement.
It is not intended by this Invention to lay any particular claim to
the placing of each wheel upon a separate axle in the application thereof
to carriages used on railways, except when such axles are made of such
length as to revolve freely and clear of each other.
It is, therefore, to be understood that this Invention consists, firstly,
in the use and application of short axles to carriages used on common
roads; and, secondly, in making such said axles, when applied to

page_text: railway carriages, as long as possible, so as to render such parts less
liable to wear and break than when made short, as hitherto. The
nature of this Invention will, however, be better understood by
reference to the illustrative Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
numeral figures and letters of reference marked thereon, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Drawing exhibits a plan view of the under side of an omnibus
showing this Invention applied thereto. A, A, marks the under
franing and flooring of the omnibus; B, B', weight springs, of the
ordinary construction, attached thereto; C, C, the wheels fixed upon
axles; D, D, said axles, being connected to the springs B, B, by
straps E, E, e, e, in which they revolve freely. The inner straps e, e,
are securely fixed to a pieces of metal or wood G, of the same length as
the distance from outside to outside of the inner springs B', and the
inner ends of said axles are fitted and revolve in other and similar
shaped straps, which are securely fixed to the piece G, so that as the
springs yield the central position of the axles remains unaltered, and
are more secure than when made of one and the same piece of metal;
and it is this inode of connecting axles to carriages that constitutes
this Invention.
A NEW MODE OF CONSTRUCTING FLOATING BODIES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Aristide Furst de
Rostin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Rostin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th July 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOSEPH ARISTIDE FURST DE ROSTIN, of 4, South Street, Finsbury.
London, Ship Builder, do hereby declare that the nature of the In-
vention for "A NEW MODE OF CONSTRUCTING FLOATING BODIES" to be as
follows:-
The Invention consists in constructing an external hulk in the shape
of trellis work, serving to inclose an external hulk shaped and con-
structed as the external one. They are connected together by rods.
The interstice or vacant space between them is filled with fascines made
of materials of little value, such as bundles of wood, &c., having a
conical shape, and disposed in such a manner that their basis should be
placed upward and level with the hulk, and their apex towards the
inside. These fascines may be rendered waterproof by felting or any
suitable means. They are so disposed as to allow a free access to any
part of the hulks to stop leakage, or to make any other necessary re-

page_text: pairs; they can be removed with facility, and the space they occupy used
for other purposes. In the interior of the internal hulk wasting vessels,
steamers, and other crafts for river and other traffic may be placed, or
any bulky articles which could only be carried by being taken to pieces.
The boats put in the internal bulk can carry passengers, goods, &c., and
the hulk may be separated into parts either from the keel or from the
nidship beam.
The other parts of the floating boat or ship being the same as other
AN IMPROVED PREPARATION FOR LUBRICATING MA- CHINERY
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Louis Defever at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th June 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CHARLES LOUIS DEFEVER, of Steenbrugge lez Bruges, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PREPARATION FOR LUBRICATING MA-
CHINERY to be as follows:-
The improved preparation for lubricating machinery, which forms the
subject of the present application, is composed principally of colza oil
and caoutchouc or india-rubber, which is dissolved therein by being
submitted to a high temperature. The oil is heated in a suitable vessel
to the required temperature, and when the caoutchouc is added it will
in a short time be completely dissolved; after which, while the mixture
is still hot, it must be filtered so as to remove the impurities. The pre-
paration will then be fit for use.