matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1886

page_text: I, EDWARD STAMFORD HOUGH of No 3 Brighton Terrace, Brockley, in, the
County of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to valve apparatus for glass water gauges so arranged that,
when the gauge glass breaks, the passages from the boiler becomes automatically
closed, and the valves whereby this closure is effected can also at will be closed or
opened, all the passages being readily accessible for cleansing.
The accompanying drawing is a sectional plan of valve boxes according to my
invention, one of these being applied to the upper and one to the lower passage
from the boiler to the gauge glass. A is the socket which receives the glass,
and B the passage from the boiler. C is the valve seated in a partition of the
passage from B to A. On each side of the valve is a screwed spindle, D and E
each made with a thread of quick pitch and passed through packing and
terminating externally in a squared end to which can be applied a spanner or
handle. When these spindles are in the position shewn, the valve is closed, but it
can be opened by partially turning the spindle D, and then if both valves be
opened so as to establish equilibrium of pressure in the gauge, the spindle D may
be screwed back, leaving the valve C free to seat itself in case of the glass
breaking. By partly turning the spindle E, the valve can be pressed firmly on.
its seat. The caps F and G can at any time be unscrewed to give access to the
passages and valve for cleansing. I prefer to make the one screw D right handed
and the other E left handed so that both are screwed inwards when their handles
are turned upwards, and are withdrawn, leaving the valve free to act, when the
handles are turned down. In cases where the gauge is liable to much shake,
I apply a light spring at H to keep a little strain on the valve when it is open.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The herein described construction of valve apparatus for glass water gauges.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1886

page_text: I PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature
of this invention (a communication to me from abroad by Augustus Pierce
Rockwell of the City County and State of New York United States of America
Merchant) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in a carburetting compound composed of benzine, vegetable
wax and gum camphor to be employed for the purpose of carburetting air for use
as illuminating gas or as fuel for heating purposes, or for the purpose of enriching
gases of poor quality for illuminating purposes.
The proportions of the several ingredients of which my compound is to be com-
posed may be to some extent varied without essentially changing the character of
the compound, but the proportions which I have found most advantageous and
therefore prefer are as follows
Benzine
Vegetable wax
Gum camphor
-
-
twenty five (25) gallons
five (5) pounds
-
three (3) pounds
The vegetable wax and the gum camphor are dissolved in the benzine and the
compound is used in the same way as other carburetting compounds in any well
known or suitable carburetting apparatus in which the air or gas to be carburetted
is caused to pass through or in intimate and diffused contact with the liquid
compound.
Of the vegetable wax either of two kinds may be used. When carburetted air
or gas is to be used for illumination, the kind of wax known as japan-wax is
preferable or when the air or gas is to be used as fuel for heating, the kind of wax
known as bay berry-wax is better.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is
The carburetting compound consisting of benzine, vegetable wax, and gum
camphor in proportions substantially as herein set forth.
Deted the 17th day of Santambar 1996
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ROBERT FOSTER of N° 51 Moseley Street Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Trunk Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in watering cans which renders
them much more servicable in general use in preventing the stoppage of the rose
which frequently causes much inconvenience. To prevent this various devices
have been resorted to for the purpose of rendering it easier to gain access to the
inside or back of the rose but after all considerable time is occupied and hindrance
experienced in removing such stoppages which this invention almost entirely
prevents.
°
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto a sheet of drawings upon which a watering
can is shown made according thereto and from which other sizes, designs and
shapes may be made without difficulty.
Figure 1. is the watering can having the spout A and rose B attached thereto.
A portion of the side of the plate is broken out so as to show the continuation of
the spout A through the body C until it reaches the bottom D or the other side E
according to the inclination of the spout and general design of the can.
The part of the spout A¹ which is continued across the inside is perforated freely
with small holes which has the effect of thoroughly straining the water before it
passes up to the rose B. Thus by having the holes in A' smaller than in B there
would be an absolute certanty that anything passing A would also pass B but I do
not bind myself to the proportionate size of the holes in A¹ and B. The spout so
continued across the body part has the effect of stiffening the whole can so that in
some cases thinner metal might be used without fear of buckling in those parts.
It is evident that the spout A and part A¹ may be made in two parts if desired
but I prefer one part generally.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
The improvements in watering cans having the spout A¹ or a tube continued
into the body C and perforated as and for the purpose substantially as herein set
forth.
An Improved Joint or Device for Repairing Broken Shafts, Poles, and the like.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1886.
Specification Accepted, 4th Feb., 1887.
An Improved Joint or Device for Repairing Broken Shafts,
Poles, and the like.
We, PAUL GINET and ARTHUR EMMANUEL, both of No. 4 faubourg Montmartre
Paris, in the republic of France Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement
1
This invention consists of an improved joint or device for repairing or joining
broken shafts or poles of vehicles at the place where the breakage takes place and in a
simple and expeditious manner.
In the accompanying drawing figure 1 is a front elevation (partly in section) of our
improved device, the section being taken on the line x, y, of figure 3; figure 2 is an
end view and figure 3 a plan of the device. Figure 4 is a front elevation of a device
having three screws, and figure 5 is a front elevation of one of our devices mounted
on a broken shaft. Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
The device or joint is constructed of a kind of sleeve or clip a, formed of a piece of
suitable flexible metal bent into a cylindrical or tubular form, the longitudinal edges
being formed with flat flanges b, perforated with holes with raised edges d. Through
each hole passes a scrow bolt e, provided with a nut f.
C₂
Each joint is provided with teeth or points g, arranged as nearly as possible in the
direction of the axis of the screw nuts.
In addition to the teeth or points g, each joint is perforated with two or more holes h,
through which nails can be driven in order to more solidly secure the joint on the
broken shaft.
To make use of our improved joint it is simply necessary to place together the two
parts of the broken shaft or pole and to place them within the joint which by reason
of its flexibility can be more or less opened according to the diameter of the shaft to
be placed therein; the two parts are then brought together by the flat flanges b, by
means of the screws e, and nuts f, which allow of giving the required degree of

page_text: pressure to the joint forcing the teeth g, into the broken shaft or pole and helping to
hold together the two parts of the broken shaft or pole as clearly shewn in figure 5.
It will be obvious that our improved joint or clamp may be made of
any
suitable
size, and of any suitable shape in cross section to suit the different shapes of shafts or
poles that the number of screws may be varied, and that it may be made of any
suitable material, and, if required, it may be lined with any suitable elastic or yielding
material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :—
The improved joint or clamp for repairing broken shafts, poles, or the like,
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicants.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 8th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 3rd May, 1887.
ABRAHAM WYKE HARRISON Mechanical Engineer Abergaveny Mon. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines commonly called Horse Gears, but are driven in
other Countries by means of Oxen Mules &c. The Gear hitherto in use have trans-
mitted the power by means of toothed gearing which are liable to break by any
sudden jerk of the animal. There is also a large amount of power wasted by the
friction of the teeth. In the Improved gears I use an endless chain working in which
with projection on them to engage in the link of the chain, in the same manner on the
well known Weston pulley block. I also use an endless chain for the intermediate or
second motion of the gear, & dispense entirely with toothed wheels.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horse Gears.
ABRAHAM WYKE HARRISON Mechanical Engineer Abergavenny, Mon. do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE GEARS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to Machines commonly called Horse gears; but are used for
transmitting the power of Oxen & other animals. To the best of my knowledge in
all other gears in use, the power has been transmitted & the speed increased by means
of toothed wheels or gearing. In my improved gear I use an endless chain & pitch
wheels by means of which the machine is much simplified, there is less friction in the
working, it is lighter & stronger than those hitherto in use. I also use an endless
chain for the second or intermediate motion. I do not confine myself to any particular
way of arrainging the whels and chains as it can be done in various ways but with the
samo result in the end.
My Invention and one way of applying the chain gearing will be fully understood
by the accompanying drawing which illustrates a light one horse gear.
F is the frame which is secured to the ground in the ordinary way. W is the
largo wheel which is rotated in the ordinary way: by attaching the horse or other
animal to end of pole or lever P. R is a pin cast or otherwise attached to
frame F around which the large wheel rotates. G is a guide pulley which is fixed at
an angle to carry the chain over the top of pinion E, the pinion E is keyed on to the
shaft from which the power is transmitted to the machine required to be driven.
The gear as shown is only intended to be driven in the direction of the arrow.
Its mode of action when at work is as follows. The chain passes around the large
wheel W around the guide pulley G over and partly around the pinion E and in a
straight line to large wheel W.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is,
(1) The employment of endless chains and pitch wheels in lieu of toothed wheels
or gearing in the construction of horse or other animal gear.
Dated this 7th day of February 1887
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 13th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 25th Feb., 1887.
JOHN BEAUCHAMP Carver & Gilder &c. 205 Grays Inn Road W.C. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The application of an ointment to the side of an ingrowing toenail that has the
effect of hardening and destroying the excrescence that forms there and prevents
the nail cutting any further into the flesh by hardening the latter.
The surgical treatment is to cut off the nail which sometimes ends fatally.
The said ointment is composed as follows
Four ounces of concentrated solution of Perchloride of Iron and one Pound of
Hogs Lard worked up together.

page_text: I, JOHN BEAUCHAMP Carver and Gilder 205 Grays Inn Road W.C. (now of
9 Baker Street Lloyd Square W.C.) do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
An ointment composed of four ounces of concentrated solution of Perchloride of
Iron and one Pound of Hogs-lard worked up together.
A small Portion of which applied to the Part of the toe affected will have the effect
of destroying the excrescence that forms at the side of the nail and hardens the flesh
so that the nail cannot cut into the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention 1
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
That the said ointment is an infallible cure for the said complaint from my own
experience
JOHN BEAUCHAMP.
in Looms for weaving.
Year: 1886

page_text: "
in Looms for weaving.
"
I JAMES WATSON of 7 Belle Mount Bramley Leeds in the County of York
overlooker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
STREAMERS" OR "JACK STRAPS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-.
"
"
My invention relates to such "Streamers or "Jack Straps (employed in looms
for weaving) as are made of thin flat metal or steel doubled together with a loop
or opening at the top or end into which the "Jack" fits, and my invention consists
in placing inside the said loop or opening a small block of metal in order to
prevent the jack-lever from wearing through the top or end of the "Streamer" or
jack strap.
My invention will be readily understood on reference to the accompanying sheet
of drawings.
Fig. 1. is a side view of my improved streamer, with, the jack-lever shewn in
section. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Figs. 3 and 4. are similar views of
the block detached and Fig. 5 shows a modified form of the said block.
a, a is the streamer or jack-strap and b, b the jack lever, which works against
the block c, c.
The block c, c is formed with a projection d which is passed through a hole
made in the streamner to which it is then rivetted as shown at Figs. 1. and 2 (other
means of fastening the block in the streamer may however be employed if
preferred).
The form of the block c, c may be modified to suit the different kinds of jack
levers in use in the various patterns of looms, and one of these modifications is
shown (as before mentioned).at Fig. 5.
The block c, c may also be spaced or cut away (as shown at Figs. 1 and 3) to fit
the iool lavor

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A metal "streamer" or "jack-strap" provided with a block fitted into the loop
or opening thereof substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
CHARLES DAVIES,
Agent for the Applicant.
Year: 1886

page_text: We, THOMAS FLETCHER and ALFRED CLARE, of Thynne Street, Warrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturers of Gas apparatus do hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to reflector plates, trivets and the like articles employed in
conjunction with gas fires and stoves, and has for its object to enable such reflecting
plates or trivets to be employed in conjunction with existing gas fires and stoves.
These Improvements consist in manufacturing or constructing these reflecting
plates and trivets of any suitable forms and dimensions in such a manner that they
may be applied or attached to and he removed from an existing fire or stove without
altering the stove, as is well understood; that is to say the plates and trivets, having
reflecting surfaces, are constructed either to rest upon existing trivets or shelves or
with means of attachment similar to those employed for ordinary trivets, but so that
the reflecting surface may be below the fire and in front of the burner.
The accompanying drawing illustrates a convenient construction and method of
application of a reflector plate or trivet to an incandescent gas fire, a portion of which
is represented in vertical section.
A is a plate or trivet having a reflecting upper surface: B is the burner; C is a
support or bracket: D is the fibrous asbestos which becomes incandescent when the
gas is lighted; and E is the front of the fire below the burner. One edge of the plate
or trivet A is turned down or has a projection or projections F formed or secured
thercon to engage with the edge of E which together with the bracket holds the
plate or trivet in position. It will be obvious that the plate or trivet may be supported
retained or held in the required position by many alternative means or devices and we
therefore do not limit ourselves to the device illustrated by the drawing nor to the
particular kind of fire or stove to which the invention is represented as applied.

page_text: We desire it to be understood that we do not make any general claim to the use of
fixed reflectors with gas fires and stoves, nor to the use of ordinary plates and trivets
for attachment to existing gas fires and stoves, as these have already been in use for a
considerable time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:
01'
Plates or trivets having reflecting surfaces and being provided with means
devices, or being so constructed and arranged, that they may be placed on, attached
to, or removed from existing gas fires and stoves substantially as hereinbefore
described.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
70, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent for the Applicants.
Year: 1886

page_text: EDWIN SHERRING, 39 Hanging Ditch, Manchester, Corn Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
What I particularly claim is an improvement in the action for baiting traps.
Instead of having the old fashioned hooked wire, I attach a plate of plain or
perforated tin, metal or other suitable material to the lower part of the trigger or
catch, which I call a bait holder. This I bend in a suitable manner to hold the
bait and in such a way that the vermin cannot feed on the bait which is therefore
permanent. The action of the trap is as follows:-The vermin enter the trap and
on touching the bait holder to try and take the bait the trigger or catch is released
instantly and the trap closes in the usual manner.
I must here mention that the trigger or catch communicating with the bait
holder is set in a reverse direction to that employed in the old style of trap. This
I shall make plain in the drawings of complete specification when I find it necessary
to take it out.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Connection with Mouse, Rat, and Vermin Traps.
EDWIN SHERRING 39 Hanging Ditch Manchester Corn Merchant do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH
VERMIN TRAPS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention particularly relates to the novel bait holder as illustrated at A in
accompanying drawing the construction of the trap in general being somewhat
similar to that formerly used for Rats and Mice &c. The lever B attached to the
lid C is constructed of Wire in order to form a hollow, centre, by this means I am
enabled to reverse the trigger D which holds the lever B from inside and thus get
an improved and more sensitive trigger than that formerly used for Vermin Traps.
This trigger I attach to a permanent bait holder A made of perforated zinc or other
suitable metal or inaterial in which the bait is fixed, the Vermin on entering see
the bait in the holder, but cannot eat it, instinct teaches them to force the holder
forward to secure the bait, and the lever or trigger is instantly detached and the
vermin caught.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
1st. The lever B as particularly described and illustrated in accompanying
drawing.
2nd. The reversed Trigger D as particularly described and illustrated. in accom-
panying drawing.
3rd. The permanent bait holder E as particularly described and illustrated in
accompanying drawing.
Dated this 13th day of November 1886.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, JOSEPH TOWNSEND, of Crawford Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object the making of soaps of superior quality in
an improved manner.
In carrying out the Invention I can use any animal or vegetable oil or fat that
is susceptible of saponification, also any resinous or fatty acids that will combine
with alkalies, or any combination of these substances. In making soda soaps
I combine with the oil or fat or resinous or fatty acid, or combination of two or
more of such substances as much caustic soda as will saponify or combine therewith
together with about one per centum more; and in making potash soaps I use as
much caustic potash as is required for the saponification or combination together
with about one and a half per centum more. The excess of alkali facilitates and
expedites the saponification or combination, and after this is effected as much
boracic acid as will neutralise the excess of alkali is added to complete the soap.
In making a soap with an oil or fat I find satisfactory results are obtained by
using for every 100 pounds of the oil or fat 69 pounds of a solution of caustic soda
of a strength of 56 degrees, Twaddell; or I use 76 pounds of a solution of caustic
potash of a strength of 59 degrees Twaddell. The oil or fat and alkali are mixed
and heated until saponification is completed and then about 4 pounds of boracic
acid are added. The boracic acid which is by preference in a ground state is
thoroughly intermixed with the soap, which is then allowed to cool and solidify
without separating the glycerin. The heat may be applied by means of an open
fire, or by means of a steam jacket, or, as I prefer, by means of a coil of piping
heated by steam. The addition of a little more boracic acid than what is required
for neutralisation will not do harm. .
Soaps made as herein before described I term boro-glycerated soaps; and if they
are required in the form of powder they may be obtained in that form by adding
carbonate of soda

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
In making soaps, the using of a small excess of alkali for saponifying or
combining with oil or fat or resinous or fatty acid or any combination thereof,
and subsequently neutralising or approximately neutralising the excess of alkali
with boracic acid substantially as hereinbefore described.
A Process for the Manufacture of Oxychinoline Carbonates.
Year: 1886

page_text: A Process for the Manufacture of Oxychinoline Carbonates.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by Doctor F. von Heyden, Nachfolger of Radebeul
near Dresden in the Empire of Germany, Chemist and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This Invention relating to the manufacture of oxycbinoline carbonates consists
in treating oxychinoline alkalies and earthy alkalies with carbonic acid under
pressure and at an elevated temperature as hereinafter described.
In the same way as the dry phenolates of the alkalies and earthy alkalies can
be converted by treatment with carbonic acid under pressure and at an elevated
temperature into the corresponding oxycarbonates the dry chinophenolates (oxy-
chinoline) of the alkalies and earthy alkalies can by a similar reaction effected by
treatment with carbonic acid under pressure and at an elevated temperature be
transformed into the corresponding salts or oxychinoline carbonates.
I will describe by way of example the conversion of ortho oxychinoline sodium
into ortho oxychinoline sodium carbonate.
The sodium salt of the ortho oxychinoline being soluble with difficulty in cold
alcohol but readily soluble in heated alcohol is readily obtained when the ortho
chinophenol is neutralised with a heated alcoholic soda lye. The salt when
thoroughly dry is submitted to the action of carbonic acid under pressure in a
digester heated to from about One hundred and thirty to One hundred and fifty
degrees centigrade. The conversion takes place quantitively according to the
following equation.

page_text: acid. The acid crystallises out of heated water in long yellow needles containing
one molecule of crystal water which separates at about One hundred and ten
degrees centigrade. The anhydrous compound is colourless.
The acid also forms readily crystallising salts with acids the hydrochloric acid
is obtained with special facility being readily. soluble in the heated acid and
on cooling separates in the form of very beautiful crystals. These salts are
decomposed by water. These properties facilitate to a remarkable degree the
production of free chino phenol carbonate in a state of purity. Four atoms of
hydrogen can be added to the same in like manner as to ortho oxychinoline the
process of methylating can also be performed without difficulty. The isomeric
oxy-chinolines are converted into the corresponding carbonates in like manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is,
Obtaining oxychinoline carbonates from oxychinoline alkalies and earthy
alkalies by treatment with carbonic acid under pressure and at an elevated
- temperature substantially as hereinbefore described.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, CHARLES SUMNER PINKHAM, of 84 Bedford Street Boston, Massachusetts,
United States of America, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to mucilage-holders, and has for its object to provide
a receptacle or holder for mucilage, combined with a swab or brush, which may
be used for the desk or carried in the pocket, and which is easily filled and in
which the swab does not dry or harden.
In carrying out my invention I employ a rigid cylinder provided with a
contracted neck for holding a swab, and for receiving a cap or covering for said
swab, and a bulb for saturating or filling the swab with mucilage whenever
required.
In the accompanying drawing-
Figure 1 represents the external view of my improved holder, and
Figure 2 a longitudinal section of the same.
A is a cylinder or reservoir which may be made of any rigid material, as metal,
hard india-rubber, glass or porcelain. It is provided with a contracted neck a which
is preferably made separate and soldered or otherwise secured in one end thereof.
This neck is made to fit the inside of the cylinder, and projects a short distance,
as shewn, and furnishes a seat over which the cap or cover a¹ fits. A sponge or
other porous material is forced into, and through, this neck and operates as a wick
to absorb, and a swab to spread, the mucilage.
The contraction of the neck serves to hold the swab tightly in its place and
confines the same within a diameter such that a cap or cover of the size of the
cylinder may be readily adjusted without obstruction by the swab. To the
opposite end of the cylinder I connect an elastic bulb b, for forcing the liquid into
the sponge. This bulb is conveniently and sufficiently attached by stretching or
opening its mouth and bringing it over the end of the cylinder or bolder. When
the mucilage is exhausted, the bulb is removed and the cylinder refilled.
The operation of this device is very simple.
pressure on the bulb forces the mucilage into
Having filled the reservoir a slight
the wick or sponge, which becomes

page_text: saturated; and when the cap a has been removed the mucilage may be applied to
any surface in the manner of using a pencil or brush, the cylinder being used as
a handle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First. A mucilage holder and swab, consisting of the combination of a rigid
receptacle or body, a sponge or other absorbent material, and an elastic bulb,
substantially as described.
Second. In a mucilage holder and swab, the combination of a rigid receptacle
or body having a contracted neck, and a shoulder, a sponge, a bulb, and a cap,
substantially as described.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 12th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 12th Aug., 1887.
I, SAMUEL ARNOLD, of 18 Bartholomew Road, Kentish Town, in the County of
Middlesex, Agricultural Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of an improved rivet, and the improve-
ment consists in forming that end of the rivet opposite to the head with a depression
or hollow instead of flat as hitherto.
By the use of my improved rivet it will be obvious that the hollowed end can be
upset or rivetted over a hole in a more expeditious and effective manner than when
the ordinary flat end rivets are employed, and in addition the " grain or texture of
that part of the metal which is upset or rivetted will not be ruptured as is so frequently
the case with the ordinary rivet.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Manufacture of Rivets.
I, SAMUEL ARNOLD, of 18, Bartholomew Road, Kentish Town, in the county of
Middlesex, Agricultural Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of an improved rivet, and the improve-
ment consists in forming that end of the rivet opposite to the head with a depression
or hollow instead of flat as hitherto.
By the use of my improved rivet it will be obvious that the hollowed end can be
upset or rivetted over a hole in a more expeditious and effective manner than when
the ordinary flat end rivets are employed and in addition the "grain" or texture of
that part of the metal which is upset or rivetted will not be ruptured as is so frequently
the case with the ordinary rivet.
In the accompanying drawing figures 1, 2 and 3 are vertical sections of rivets
manufactured with my improvement.
In each figure a, represents the body of the rivets, b, the usual head thereof, and
c, represents the hollow which I form in the usual flat end of the rivet. In figure 1
the hollow is shewn conical in shape, in figures 2 and 3 of a curved shape but it will
be obvious that it may be of other suitable shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
1. The described improvement in the manufacture of rivets the improvement con-
sisting in forming the end thereof with a hollow or depression as and for the purpose
substantially as set forth.
2. A rivet having the end thereof hollowed substantially as set forth and represented
in the accompanying drawing.
1011
CT11007
Year: 1886

page_text: I HENRY VOLLMER of 41 Spear Street, Manchester in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
These Improvements relate to the manufacture and arrangement of button
trimmings or of buttons to be used as trimmings for dresses costumes and the like
and consist in so constructing the buttons that they may be arranged in rows, each
button in the row overlapping the following button and each row being held
together by a thread cord or wire by means of which the buttons may be attached
or secured to the garment.
In carrying out this Invention each button is perforated at or near the edge,
and at the back of each button diametrically opposite to the perforation is formed
attached or secured a small ring loop hook or equivalent device the perforation and
the ring or its equivalent being respectively so formed and of such dimensions and
proportions that the ring or its equivalent on one button may pass through the
perforation in another button and project beyond the back of the button for such
a distance as will permit a thread cord or wire to be passed through the ring loop
hook or its equivalent. In the production of the trimming as many buttons as
may be required are connected together by means of thread cord or wire passing
through the loops rings or hooks of successive buttons the rings loops or books
being previously inserted into or passed through the perforations of the following
buttons.
The button trimming may be made up by the manufacturer or it may be made
up or arranged from the buttons constructed as hereinbefore described by the
dressmaker or other person at the time of applying or attaching the trimming to
the garment.
If the slot or perforation through the button at the end of the row is
objectionable in appearance this button may be provided with the ring loop
book or equivalent device but without the perforation.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
(1.) The manufacture or production and arrangement of button trimming
substantially as hereinbefore set forth and described.
(2.) In or upon a button to be used in the manufacture of button trimming, & ring
loop hook or equivalent device formed upon or attached to the back of the button
and diametrically opposite thereto a hole formed or produced through the body of
the button in such a manner that the ring loop or hook upon one button may pass
through the perforation of another similar button, substantially as hereinbefore set
forth and described.
3.
IMPROVEMENT IN HAT BANDS
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1886.
Complete Left, 16th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Mar., 1887.
WILLIAM HENRY HOPE 26 Milton Street, Fore Street, Cripplegate, London E.C.
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENT IN HAT BANDS to be
as follows
-
The band is already made before putting on the Hat & under the Bow, there is
about 1 inch of Elastic which allows sufficient play for the Band to be stretched
on to the Hat.
WILLIAM HENRY HOPE,
26, Milton Street,
Fore Street, Cripplegate,
London, E.C.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Hat Bands.
I, WILLIAM HENRY HOPE, of 26, Milton Street, Fore Street, Cripplegate, in the City
of London, Manufacturers' Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to the manufacture of a hat band which I call a com-
pound hat band. It comprises an elastic portion or portions concealed by a bow,
and whereby the band is made sufficiently clastic to enable it to be readily placed
upon and taken off a hat and to adapt itself to hats of different sizes.
Referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 represents in elevation the inner side of so much of a hat band as is necessary
to illustrate my invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of the outer side; and
Fig. 3 is a plan or top view of a portion of the band.
As will be seen, the two ends a¹, a², of the band a are connected by strips of elastic
material (such as elastic webbing) whose ends are attached to the ends a', a², in any
suitable manner, such as by sewing. is a bow which conceals the elastic
material, it is attached by sewing or otherwise to the elastic material b at d.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6, are views corresponding to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and having like
parts similarly lettered. This arrangement is similar to the foregoing, except that the
bow instead of being attached to the elastic material is fastened to the end a¹ of
the band a.
It will be seen that bands according to my invention may be adapted to hats
with great facility.
As will be obvious, the invention may be variously modified; for instance, in some
cases it may be found desirable to employ less or more than two strips of
elastic material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner it is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
My hat band substantially as hereinabove described with reference to the drawings.
WILLIAM H. HOPE.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
Year: 1886

page_text: I WILLIAM HENRY DANIELS of York Villa, Granada Road, Southsea, Portsmouth,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention consists in making the hulls of vessels, boats and the like of
such a shape that the two halves of the bottom after curving downwards from the
vessels' sides shall curve upwards again, meeting in the middle of the hull.
In the accompanying drawings which represents a midship cross section A A
are the two halves of the bottom and B the keel or meeting point. The keel is
thus in a sense inside the vessel and the sides or bottom A curving inwards and
upwards meet at B thus forming a space which is filled by a wedge of water.
By this construction far greater buoyancy and steadiness may be obtained than
by the usual construction.
The drawing is not intended to represent accurately the precise shape of the
hull but merely serves to show the general principle upon which it is constructed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The herein described construction of bull in which the bottom instead of
curving downwards to the ordinary position of the keel curves upwards and
inwards so as to form a space such as Ĉ substantially as set forth.
0211 1
1000
in Gas
Year: 1886

page_text: I ADOLF BERMBACH of Crefeld in the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to Improvements in Gas lamps in order to increase their
illuminating power and to save gas.
These advantages are obtained by conveying heated air to the flames in order
to furnish a supply of oxygen for ensuring a perfect combustion of carbon.
In the annexed Drawing Fig. 1. shews a vertical section of the new device
Fig. 2 shews a horizontal section through line A. B of Fig. 1. In carrying out my
Invention I employ a hollow hemisphere closed at the top by a flat circular air
tight cover. The cover bis perforated in its centre and communicates with the
gas conduit. In the hemispherical wall are inserted the burners of size and
number suitable to the dimensions of the room to be lighted. The drawing shews
two rows of burners, the upper one consisting of six burners the lower of four
burners.
The gas enters the hemisphere a through tube c and is lighted at the head of
the burners.
The boring of this head is so performed as to impart a circular form to the
flame.
The conveyance of heated air upon the flames is effected in the following
manner.
Round the hemisphere a there is at some distance a jacket e also in the shape of
a hemisphere.
The space between a and e is also closed by cover b. The burners pierce the
outer mantle but the corresponding holes are of such an extent as to let air pass
at the same time round the stems of the burners. The mantle e has at the bottom
This tube terminates in a flat
a circular opening to which is screwed a tube g.
drum h that serves to heat the air, the under row of burners being so situated as
to heat the drum h. Within this box is fixed a midfeather or deflector that forces
the air to pass round it in the direction of the arrows. By this means an exact
and uniform heating of the air is obtained. Beneath drum h there is a short stud
onli

page_text: which can be turned and cause to open more or less a rosette valve k for regulating
the admission of air. The outer air enters through valve k to box h, winds round
the deflector i comes partially heated to space f, where it is fully heated by means
of the walls of mantle e and finally reaches the flames of the burners.
Having now particularly described. and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
The manner of heating air by a device consisting of a hemispherical burner
stand a with an inner wall and outer mantle both closed by cover b, a drum for
first heating, h, and a stud with rosette valve k. The burners pierce the outer
mantle and receive heated air by means of annular openings round the burners
in the mantle e substantially as specified and illustrated in the accompanying.
drawings.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ARTHUR RUNDELL HOLMES of High Street, Sutton, in the County of Surrey,
Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to splashers for dog-carts and other vehicles.
Heretofore it has been customary to rigidly attach the splashers of a vehicle to
the body thereof. As these splashers usually project a considerable distance from
the body of the vehicle, their rigidity is a source of great annoyance and incon-
venience by reason of the consequent liability to injury, especially when the
vehicle is being drawn or pushed into or out of a coach-house, or whilst it is being
cleaned.
The object of my invention is to obviate this inconvenience and to provide for
enabling the splashers of a vehicle to be moved into a position parallel with the
sides of the body of the said vehicle, or into any other suitable position, so that
liability of the said splashers to injury will be avoided or greatly diminished.
For this purpose I attach the splashers to the body of the vehicle by means of
hinge-joints or other flexible connections.
My said invention is conveniently and advantageously carried into practice as
follows, that is to say:-I firmly attach two or more arms, brackets or other
supports, by means of bolts or rivets or otherwise, to each side of the body of the
vehicle. I secure each splasher to a similar number of bars or rods, and unite
these bars or rods to the said arms or supports by means of hinge-joints. The said
rods or bars and the arms or supports are so constructed and combined that the
splasher cannot be turned down below its operative position, but will be supported
in this position. If desired, I provide means for fastening the splashers in their
operative position, but, in some instances, it is preferable to leave them free to
move in one direction from this position, so that, in case of a collision or other
accident, they will yield when struck by any object and will not be so liable to be
damaged thereby.
When a vehicle has my improvements applied thereto, the coachman or other
attendant, before drawing or pushing the vehicle into a coach-house or the like,

page_text: can turn the splashers on their hinges either until they are parallel with the sides
of the body of the vehicle, or, in the case of dog-carts and similar vehicles, until
they are within or above the body of the vehicle. They are thus removed from
the exposed position which they occupy when the vehicle is in use.
My improvements are chiefly designed to be applied to dog-carts, but are also
applicable to various other kinds of vehicles whether drawn or propelled by hand
or by horse or other animal power.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The above described improvements consisting in attaching the splashers of a
vehicle to the body thereof by means of hinge-joints or other flexible connections
for the purpose specified.