IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE JOINTS AND IN CEMENT FOR THE SAME, ALSO SUITABLE FOR CEMENTING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Page, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PIPE JOINTS AND IN CEMENT FOR THE SAME, ALSO SUITABLE FOR CEMENTING
Sealed the 3rd August 1869, and dated the 5th February 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Page at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
February 1869.
I, JOHN PAGE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE JOINTS AND IN CEMENT FOR THE SAME, ALSO SUITABLE FOR
[Price 8d.]

page_text: CEMENTING OTHER ARTICLES, SUCH AS BUILDING MATERIALS," to be as follows,
that is to say-
This Invention has principally for its object to obtain a simple,
durable, strong, and inexpensive joint for pipes, and in carrying it out
improved cement is used, which is also suitable for cementing other
articles, such as building materials.
The improved joint is more particularly, although not exclusively,
suitable for cast-iron pipes such as are used for conveying water and
gas, and is such that turning and boring of the spigots and faucets may
be dispensed with or the two modes may be used in combination. 'The
pipes may be made with alternate spigot and faucet ends to joint into
each other, or with both ends as spigots to be jointed by means of
overlapping rings. The external joint surface of the spigot is made
either cylindrical or slightly conical; and the internal joint surface of
the faucet or ring is made slightly conical and with the more contracted
part towards the outside of the joint. A hydraulic cement of any suitable
kind, but by preference such as is herein-after described, is rammed into
the space between the herein-before described joint surfaces, and forms a
ring of a wedge form in longitudinal section, the internal pressure acting
on the base of the wedge so as to jam it the tighter the greater that
pressure is.
The improved joint effectually prevents leakage and also
acts as a tie to prevent the pipe lengths from being drawn or forced
asunder..
The improved cement is made by mixing with three hundred parts
by weight of Portland or other hydraulic cement about one hundred
parts of iron turnings or filings, or of any iron oxide reduced to powder,
and about one part of ammonium chloride with about two parts of
sulphur. The ferruginous refuse of sulphur copper ores may be sub-
stituted for the iron turnings. The cement is made up with water and
sets rapidly after being rammed in, whilst it can be easily removed by a
chipping tool when required.

page_text: filed by the said John Page in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th August 1869.
TO. ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN PAGE,
of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Oivil Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS. Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Page, Her special licence that
the said John Page, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said John Page, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an: Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE JOINTS AND IN CEMENT
FOR THE SAKE, AND ALSO SUITABLE FOR CEMENTING OTHER ARTICLES, SUCH AS
BUILDING MATERIALE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Page, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that I, the said John Page, do hereby declare
the mature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawing, that is to say:-
My said Invention has principally for its object to obtain a simple,
durable, strong, and inexpensive joint for pipes, and in carrying it out
improved cement is used, which is also suitable for cementing other
articles, such as building materials, for example.

page_text: My improved joint is more particularly, although not exclusively,
suitable for cast-iron pipes such as are used for conveying water or gas,
and is such that turning and boring of the spigots and faucets may be
dispensed with, or the two modes may be used in combination.
The
pipes may be made with alternate spigot and. faucet ends to joint into
each other, or with both ends as spigots to be jointed by means of
overlapping rings.
And in order that the formation of my improved joint may be
properly understood I have hereunto appended a Drawing representing
an example of it.
The external joint surface 1-2 of the spigot 3 is made either cylin-
drical, as shown, or slightly conical; and the internal joint surface 4-5
of the faucet 6 (or of the ring when a ring is used) is made slightly conical
and with the more contracted part 5 towards the outside of the joint.
A hydraulic cement of any suitable kind, but by preference such as is
herein-after described, is rammed into the space 7 between the joint
surfaces 1-2 and 4-5 and forms a ring of a wedge form in longitudinal
section, the internal pressure acting on the base of the wedge so as to
jam it the tighter the greater that pressure is. A little hemp or tow is
put in at S before ramming in the cement to prevent the latter entering
too far..
"
My improved joint effectually prevents leakage and also acts as a
tie to prevent the pipe lengths from being drawn or forced asunder.
My improved cement is made by mixing with three hundred parts
by weight of Portland or other hydraulic cement about one hundred
parts of iron turnings or filings, or of any iron oxide reduced to powder,
and about one part of ammonium chloride with about two parts of
sulphur. The ferruginous refuse of sulphur copper ores may be
substituted for the iron turnings. The cement is made up with water
and sets rapidly after being rammed in, whilst it can be easily removed
by a chipping tool when required.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I have to state that I do
not restrict myself to the precise details herein described or delineated,
but that what I believe to be novel and original, and claim as the

page_text: Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,
1. The shaping of the joint surfaces of pipes so as to give a wedge
form to cement rammed in, substantially as herein-before described.
'And, 2. The making of cement for jointing pipes and other purposes
by mixing the proportions stated of the ingredients herein-before
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Page, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent 'Agent,
Glasgow,
JOHN PAGE. (L.S.)