Improvements in the Making of Hinge-joints in all kinds of Cast-iron Goods.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec.,
1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Making of Hinge-joints in all kinds of
Cast-iron Goods.
HENRY JAYES, GEORGE POTTER and JOHN SAMUEL VORLEY, Engineers and
Ironfounders Providence Foundry Dunn's Lane Leicester do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to associate metal castings which are formed in sand moulds,
such as fire, furnace, or oven doors and their frames, Boiler Covers or lids, ventilating
doors, gratings, covers. gates and other articles in combination with frames and
supports, which are united together by means of hinged joints; and has for its
object,
1st to effect the hingeing together in an inseparable manner of any two (or more)
of such metal castings more cheaply than by the means which have been heretofore
employed for the said purpose;
2nd to effect the formation of each such hinged joint by means of two castings
only and without the employment and insertion within the said castings of rivets, pins,
screws, bolts or any such agents; and
3rd to form the hinged joints, which unite the said castings together, in such a
manner that when they are once united they may be inseparable except by
breaking.
In carrying out our invention, in connection with furnace doors and their frames.
(or such like hinged articles), we make one part thereof (either the frame or the
door, but usually the frame) first, by casting the same in a sand mould, and effect
the formation of holes, sockets or recesses therein at the parts required, for the
insertion of pivots for hingeing purposes, by means of metal "chills" inserted in
prints" formed in the said (sand) moulds.
"
The frame, thus made, is afterwards bedded suitably for our purpose, into a sand
mould, contained in any ordinary frame or casting box, and the model or pattern of
the door is then placod upon it and a sand mould is rammed up upon the door and
prepared in the usual manner. These two sand moulds, (contained in ordinary
casting boxes), being separated, the model or pattern of the door (only) is removed
therefrom and the door frame is left, bedded in one part of the sand mould; the
recesses, sockets or holes, before named, being opposite and open to the "lugs" which
are (usually) formed upon the door for hingeing purposes, are cleared from sand
before the casting boxes are again paired and the metal poured into the mould
contained therein, and as it flows into the hollow sand mould it penetrates also into
the said recesses and thus forms in the requisite positions upon the door casting, two
studs or projections which by reason of their occupancy of the before named sockets
or recesses, serve the purposes of pivots upon which the door may be revolved.
By reason of those parts of the said frame which contain the before named sockets
or recesses being outside of and wider than the adjacent "lugs" upon the door
associated therewith a slight degree of slackness or looseness is obtained in the joint
thus formed, whenever the casting of the door is cold, owing to the shrinking of the
metal when cooling.
If the outermost members which form these hinged parts were cast last (upon those
which they enclose) the shrinking of the metal would bind the two combined parts
together so tightly that they could not readily be moved.
Some of the exposed parts of the metal frame, thus bedded in the sand mould, in
addition to those which contain the recesses or pivot sockets are exposed to and have
contact with the metal as it flows into the hollow sand mould.
Instead of the sockets being formed within the door frame and the pivot projections

page_text: upon the door, the projections may be formed upon the door frame and the recesses
within the door, but the way first described is the best for our purposes.
We do not claim the formation of hinged joints in the manner herein described, as
our invention when applied to what are designated as "Butts" or hinges for attach-
ment to furniture, doors, carpentry and such like purposes.
Our invention consists only in the formation upon and combination with associated
metal castings such as those which are (first) herein named of an inseparably
hinged joint as an essential and integral part of the combined metal article or
structure, instead of the said hinged joint being added on to and capable of being
removed from the two or more parts which compose the metal article.
Two or more doors, covers, grates, gates or such like articles may be formed and
hinged upon one frame and more than one frame may be hinged in the manner
described herein to one door; and various modifications of our invention carried out
without departing from the general lines above laid down.
Dotal this 24th day of Mou 1001
JOSEPH
LOCKWOOD,
Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Inventors.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Making of Hinge-joints in all kinds of
Cast-iron Goods.
We HENRY JAYES, GEORGE POTTER and JOHN SAMUEL VORLEY Engineers and
Ironfounders, Providence Foundry Dunn's Lane Leicester do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to associate metal castings which are formed in sand moulds,
such as fire, furnace or oven doors and their frames, Boiler Covers or lids ventilating
doors, gratings covers, gates and other articles in combination with frames and
supports which are united together by means of hinged joints: and has for its
objects
1st to effect the hingeing together in an inseparable manner of any two (or more)
of any such metal castings more cheaply than by the means which have been hereto-
fore employed for the said purpose;
2nd to effect the formation of each such hinged joint by means of two castings only
and without the employment and insertion within the said castings of rivets, pins,
screws, bolts or any such agents; and
3rd to form the hinged joints which unite the said castings together in such a
manner that when they are once united they may be inseparable except by
breaking.
i
In carrying out our invention in connection with furnace doors and their frames
(or such like hinged articles) we make one part thereof (either the frame or the door
but usually the frame) first, by casting the same in à sand mould, and effect the
formation of holes, sockets or recesses therein at the parts required, for the insertion
of pivots for hingeing purposes by means of "chills** or cores inserted in "prints"
formed in the said (sand) moulds.
The frame when thus made is belded suitably, for our purpose, (the chill or core
being removed) into a sand mould contained in any ordinary frame or casting box,
and the model or patern of the door is then placed upon it and a sand mould is
rammed up upon the door and prepared in the usual manner.
These two sand moulds (contained in ordinary casting boxes) being separated, the
model or pattern of the door (only) is removed therefrom and the door-frame is left,
bedded in one part of the sand mould; the recesses, sockets or holes, before named,
being opposite and open to the "lugs" which are (usually) formed upon the door for
hinging purposes, are cleared from sand before the casting boxes are again put
together or paired and the metal poured into the mould contained therein and as it
flows into the hollow spaces within the sand mould it penetrates also into the said

page_text: We requisite positions upon the door casting, two staus or
projections which by reason of their occupancy of the before named sockets or recesses
serve the purposes of pivots upon which the door may be revolved.
By reason of those parts of the said frame, which contain the before named sockets
or recesses being outside of and wider than the adjacent "lugs" upon the door
associated therewith, a slight degree of slackness or looseness is obtained in the joint
thus formed, whenever the casting of the door is cold, owing to the shrinking of the
metal when cooling.
If the outermost members which form these hinged parts were cast last (upon those
which they enclose) the shrinking of the metal would bind the two combined parts
together so tightly that they could not readily be moved.
Some of the exposed parts of the metal frame, thus bedded in the sand mould, in
addition to those which contain the recesses or pivot sockets, are exposed to and have
contact with the metal as it flows into the hollow sand mould..
Instead of the sockets being formed within the door frame and the pivot projections
upon the door, the projections may be formed upon the door frame and the recesses
within the door but the way first described is the best for our purposes.
"Butts"
We do not claim the formation of hinged joints in the manner herein described
as our invention when applied to what are designated as
or hinges for
attachment to furniture, doors, carpentry and such like purposes.
Our invention consists only in the forination upon and combination with, associated
metal castings such as those which are (first) herein named of an inseparably hinged
joint as an essential and integral part of the combined metal article, or structure,
instead of the said hinged joint being added on to and capable of being removed from
the two or more parts which compose the metal article.
Two or more doors, covers, grates, gates or such like articles may be formed and
hinged upon one frame, and more than one frame may be hinged in the manner
described herein to one door; and various modifications of our invention carried out
without departing from the general lines above laid down.
In order that our invention may be better understood and more easily carried into
effect we have prepared diagrams in illustration of certain kinds of combined doors
and frames constructed according to our invention, in which―
Fig. 1. is a view in perspective of a cast metal door united to its frame;
Fig. 2. is a view in perspective of a cast metal frame only;
Fig. 3. is a view in elevation of a cast metal door only ;
Fig. 4. is a view in perspective (together with a sectional elevation) of a sand core
or metal "chill" for use in connection with our invention;
Fig. 5. is an end view in elevation of a cast metal frame enclosed in a sand mould
shewing the positions occupied in the mould by the "chills" or cores when casting
the frame of a furnace door or such like article ;
Fig. 6. is an enlarged view in elevation shewing our improved hinge-joint as applied
to a dour and frame;
Fig. 7. is a view in elevation shewing our improved hinge joint as applied to a gate
and its post;
Fig. 8. is composed of a couple of diagrams representing a sand core or metal “chill”
slightly different to that shewn by fig. 4.
When carrying out our invention in the construction of cast metal doors and frames
(combined) such as shewn in fig. 1. we prepare and cast the frame shown in fig. 2 in
a sand mould and form cavities (marked A) for hinging purposes in the projecting
lugs or snugs marked B. Upon a sand core or metal chill" such as shewn in fig. 4.
we form a round stud Cand when a mould is prepared as shewn in fig. 5. and these
"chills" or cores marked D D. are inserted in their relative positions the metal which
flows into the spaces E² (for forming the metal frame, E, E, figs. 1. to 6.) receives
indentations (A fig. 2) corresponding to these studs (().
After the frame E fig. 2. has been cast as before described it alone (without the
chills" or cores) is again embe Ided in a sand mould until only the lugs B protrude
above the surface of the sand, when the door model (F) is placed upon the frame as

page_text: shewn in fig. 1. and a sand mould ramuned up upon it in the usual inınner.
The door
only is then removed from the mould, the sand is cleared away from the recesses A
(fig. 2) and the metal then poured into the mould.
În figs. 3. 6. and 7. we have shown the projecting pins marked (G) which are
formed upon the second casting as the metal flows into the recesses A and by means
of which the two castings are inseparably united.
As the metal door (thus cast upon and within the frame contained within the said
mould) cools, it also contracts and a sufficient degree of slackness is thus obtained in
this hinged joint for revolving the same in any required manner.
In a similar manner to that just described we for a recesses or cavities (A) fig. 2 in
parts of cast metal Gates, Posts, Bars or other articles and after imbedding the said
Gato posts or other articles in the sand we prejar the sand mould for en-ting a Gate
or other article thereon in manner similar to that just described in connection with
furnace doors and trames. Two or more doors, Gutes or other articles may in this
manner he cast upon one frame, or more than one frame bo united to one door, Gate
or such like hinged article. Oven doors, fire doors fall bars, fall crows, Boiler lids,
and other articles may be united to their surrounding plates or frames by means of
our invention.
"
In fig. 4 the part marked is a raised boss for producing a depression or hole in
the frame, post or first casting which is formed in the sand mould, when it is placed
therein as shown in fig. 5. but for the purposes of our invention the "chill or core
may contain the depression as shown in the diagram marked fig. 8. and the raised boss
would as a consequence be formed upon the frame, post, or other such (first or pre-
cedent) casting and the hollow seat therefor be formed in the door, gute or other (lust
made) casting.
The hinged joint as first described with the pin, pivot or raised part on the door, or
Inst made casting, and the seat therefor in the frame or first casting is the most con-
venient and sirviceable mode of carrying out our invention.
When applying our invention to cooking Range fall bars, trivets and other
combinations of castings which require tho said hinge joints thereof to be very accurato
and clean we make the "chills" corus or corresponding members of sand or "loam
or face the metal "chills" with a "loamy" composition to prevent the hardening of
the metal as it comes in contact with this part of the mould. By this means the first
casting is kept soft and we are enabled to file up or otherwise dress those surfaces
thereof which are formed by contact with tho
chill or its equivalent appliance
(whether it consist of a "loam "-faced metal-" chill" or a sand mould).
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declure that what we
claim is―
1st. The construction of a cast iron door combined with, and hinged to, a cast iron
surrounding framework all substantially as herein described and shewn and for the
purposes specified ;
2nd. The construction of a cast iron gate combined with, and hinged to, a cast iron
post or support, all sub tartially as herein described and shewn and for the purposes
specified;
Brd. The construction
described and shewn an'
4th. The constructio
associate hinged iron castings all substantially as heroin
Purposes specified ;
...ged metal castings all substantially as herein
described and shewn a. or the purposes specified.
Dated the 11th day of November 1889.
JOSEPH
LOCKWOOD,
Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Inventors.