Improvements in Apparatus for Carbonating Liquids.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 7th Nov., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Carbonating Liquids.
We, THOMAS BENJAMIN BOOTH and ALEXANDER ROBINSON, both of
25 Amory Street Boston, in the County of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts,
United States of America, Gentlemen, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for carbonating beer, ale and other liquids,
for producing effervescence and preserving the liquid.
The object of the invention is to produce an apparatus by means of which beer,
ale and other liquids can be readily and thoroughly impregnated or saturated with
carbonic acid gas under great pressure so that complete clearing of the liquid is
effected.
The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts herein-
after fully described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 is an elevation of an apparatus constructed in accordance with this
invention.
Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of the carbonating tube, and
Fig. 3 is a similar view of the mixing tube.
In the said drawing, the reference numerals 1 and 2 designate standards or
uprights which support the apparatus. Having suitable connection at its outer
end with standard 1 is a liquid pipe 3 connected with a beer ale or other liquid
tank, and extending upwards has connection with a glass tube 4 provided with
heads 5, connected together by rods 6. At the opposite end this tube 4 is connected
with a downwardly-extending pipe leading to a pump, shown in dotted lines, and
forming the inlet for the pump. This pump may be of any ordinary or suitable
construction, and forms no part of this invention. Also connected with the pump
is a vertical outlet pipe 7 connected at its upper end with a horizontal tube which
we term the carbonating chamber, in which are arranged a number of disks 8 of
perforated metal, about one hundred and forty (more or less) being employed in a
full-sized machine. These disks are separated from each other by annular washers 9
composed of metal rings forming a number of chambers corresponding with the
number of disks. The disks and washers are held in proper relation and position
by means of a threaded plug 10 having an annular collar 10 fitting the bore of the
tube, and on the stem of the plug is a suitable rubber packing 10", to prevent
escape of gas, and the plug is held and adjusted by means of a threaded nut 12,
substantially as shown in the drawings.
At the opposite end the tube is connected with an exit pipe 13 provided with a
glass gage 14. This pipe leads to a tank or vessel wherein the discharged liquid
is stored for use. The said carbonating pipe and the pipes 7 and 13 are connected
together by means of annular flanges 14' formed on their respective meeting end
faces, bolts being used as the fastening means, as shown in Fig. 1, of the drawings.
The numeral 15 designates a carbonic acid gas filter connected with any suitable
source of supply, either natural or artificial, and filled with a filtering material,
such as silk and cotton. At its upper end this filter is connected with a pipe 16
which in turn is connected with a gas regulator 17 which may be of any ordinary
or suitable construction and forms no part of the present invention. Connected
with said regulator is an upwardly-extending pipe 18 provided with a stop-cock 20

page_text: and a check valve 19. This pipe passes up into the pipe 3 and has an injector or
feeder projecting into the glass tube 4. The injector has its end formed with a
series of small holes through which the gas escapes in the form of spray as it were.
The numerals 21 and 21 designate high and low gas pressure gages, and 22
and 22 high and low pressure liquid gages.
The operation is as follows:-The liquid is forced into the glass tube by any
suitable means and the carbonic acid gas is also fed to said tube through the filter
and regulator, and is carried to the pump with the liquid by suction from the
latter. The pressure of the gas at the regulator will vary from one to fifty pounds,
according to the nature of the liquid to be carbonated. From the pump the liquid
and gas are forced to the carbonating chamber at a pressure varying from two
hundred to three hundred and fifty pounds and passes successively through the
perforated disks and the chambers therebetween, which will cause the liquid to be
thoroughly impregnated or saturated with the gas, in which condition it is
discharged into a suitable receptacle, ready to be drawn therefrom in such charged
condition. The liquid and gas will issue at the outlet end of the carbonating
chamber under a pressure of from 15 to 25 pounds, the resulting pressure depending
upon the size of the perforations in the disks and the number of disks used, and
will be conveyed by the pipe connected therewith to the storage tank or vessel.
By this invention less gas will be necessary to properly carbonate the liquid,
as owing to the thorough impregnation or saturation, none of the gas will escape
from the beer or ale.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
An apparatus for charging liquids with gases comprising a suction pipe, a
charging chamber interposed in said pipe, a gas-charging pipe opening in the
charging chamber, a pump, a discharge pipe leading from the pump a mixing
chamber interposed in the discharge pipe, comprising a tube, a plurality of
perforated disks therein, annular washers separating the disks and an adjustable
threaded plug to clamp the disks and washers in position.
Dated this 10th day of August 1896.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.