NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF CARDING, ROVING, AND SPINNING COTTON, WOOL AND SILK, AND THE MACHINERY AND CARDS MADE USE OF IN THE SAME
Year: 1796

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
VARLEY, of Damside, in Darcy Lever, in the Parish of Bolton-in-the-Moors,
n the County Palatine of Lancaster, but late of Middleton, in the same
county, Merchant, do send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventeenth day of March, in the thirty-sixth year of His
reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Richard Varley, my executors,.
administrators, and assigns, His special licence, that I, the said Richard
Varley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, during the term of fourteen
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
"NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF CARDING, ROVING, AND SPINNING COTTON, WOOL
AND SILK, AND THE MACHINERY AND CARDS MADE USE OF IN THE SAME;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Richard
Varley, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
one calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Richard Varley, do hereby describe and ascertain my said Invention, of a new
and improved method of caring, roving, and spinning cotton, wool, and silk, by
the annexed Plan and description thereof, as followeth :-
Plate 1 is a side view of the machine. A is the frame part; B, the main
cillinder; C, C, two dofling cillinders, one at each side of the cillinder, the
cards of which are made of one entire piece of leather, so ns exactly to cover
the cillinder, and set in stripes of one inch or any other width that is thought
necessary, with spaces betwixt each stripe of. the cards of exactly the same
width as the stripes are. Plate 2 is a representation of one of these cards for
an eight inch cillinder, twenty inches wide with inch stripes; these cards are
so placed upon the doffing cillinders C, C, and the cillinders so adjusted by
screws that when the machine works the one will take off ten perpetual
cardings, and the other will exactly take off the main cillinder what the first
leaves by the vacant spaces, and so on for any other width or dimensions.
D, D, are the two doffing knives that on the feeding side of the engine strikes
upwards and the other downwards; E is the feeder. The cardings are con-
veyed to the back off the rollers F, F, into a brass plate, baving slots counter-
sunk and grooved in such a manner for each carding as to deliver it in the
form of a roving to the rollers, the drawing of which is regulated according to
the fineness of the twist or weft wanted to be spun; these rollers deliver it to
the spindles in front of the machine. G, G, are the two shafts and drums
that turns the spindles. Plate 3 is a view of one of these spindles. A is the
spindle, which is screwed or mado fast' in B the spindle board; C, the lifter,
which is worked by a traverse motion to lay the thread on the bobbin; D is a
spring which regulates the draft of the bobbin; these springs are all coupled
together on the lifting board, and hardened as the bobbins fill by a small ketch
wheel at the end of it; E, the fly which runs on the top of the spindle, and is
turned by a strap or string on the back part of it; F, a front plate, on which the
top of the fly runs against, and which is made to open in such a manner as to
stop the 'fly at one place, that the thread may be pieced without difficulty,
or the bobbin and fly took off the spindle. The thread is conveyed through a
grooved line in the head of the fly, and confined to the center by a small spiral
wire at 'the top of the fly. Motion is given to the whole from the main
cillinder, which every mechanic is well acquainted with the method, and which
I have omitted describing in the plates to avoid confusion. Plate 4 is a front
view of the machine, with the spindles and rollers. Plate 5 is two spindles of
a roving framo. A is the drawings, which are took up by the rollers B and
drawn to any fineness required; C, the fly, which runs in two plates and

page_text: turned by a strap or string which runs on the fore part of them betwixt the
plates. The roving is conveyed through a hole in the center to the bobbin D
which runs on a spindle rather shorter than it and fixed in the spindle board E,
which spindle board is lifted by a traverse motion suitable to the bobbin, and
every bobbin is regulated by a spring same as in Plate 3. This spindle: will
serve to spin with also, and any number of spindles may be fixed in a frame
that is desired; and the bobbin may be made of any size from three inches to
six inches, more or less.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Varley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and ninety-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered, being first
duly stamped, in the presence of
JN° ALBINSON.
RICH VARLEY. (L.S.)
W USHERWOOD.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fourteenth day of April, in
the year above written, the aforesaid Richard Varley came before our Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute in
that case made and provided.