IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPER TUBES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John James Russell, of the Crown Tube Works;
Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Patent Tube Manufacturer,
and Burdett Lambton Brown, of the same Place, Engineer,, in the
Employ of the said John James Russell, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Russell and
Burdett Lambton Brown at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 6th December 1861.
We, JOHN JAMES RUSSELL, of the Crown Tube Works, Wednesbury, in
the County of Stafford, Patent Tube Manufacturer, and BURDETT LAMBTON
BROWN, of the same Place, Engineer, in the Employ of the said John James
Russell, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPER TUBES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used in_the_
manufacture of taper tubes. For these purposes the dies used when drawing
tubes are so constructed and worked that the diameter of the dies is constantly
varying as a tube is drawn through them. The dies may either consist of

page_text: two grooved rollers or two grooved sections of rollers, the grooves being made
wider at one end than the other, and gradually diminishing from the widest
end to the narrowest end. These dies are made to move progressively, so as
continually to present a different section of opening, whilst the tube is drawn
through such varying opening at a speed greater than the surface speed which
is given to the rollers or to the section of rollers in which the grooves are
made. The rollers or sections of rollers are geared together, or worked in
such manner that the groove of the one is kept correctly to correspond with
the groove in the other.
The arrangement of draw bench or machinery used for drawing the tubes
through the dies may be varied, and the means of giving motion to the dies
may also be varied, care being observed in all cases that the extent moved
through by the drawing apparatus, during the time that the dies are changing
from one diameter to another, shall represent the length of the tube, whilst
the movement or change of the die shall represent the larger and smaller
diameters of the length of tube drawn during the time the changing of the
diameter of the dies has occupied. It may however be stated, that when it
is desired that a tube should for any purpose consist of a length of cylindrical
tube in connection with a length of tapering tube, such a result may be
obtained by preventing the dies from changing whilst the desired length of
cylindrical tube is drawn through them, and then where the tapering part of
the length of tube is to be produced a slow surface motion is to be given to
the dies (as compared with the motion or speed of the drawing machinery),
so that whilst drawing the tapering part of the tube the diameter of the
opening through the dies may be changed, so that at the commencement the
die shall represent the diameter of the tube at that end, and when complete
the die shall represent the diameter of the other end.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John-James-Russell-and-Burdett Lambton Brown in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th June 1862. .
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
JAMES RUSSELL, of the Crown Tube Works, Wednesbury, in the County of
Stafford, Patent Tube Manufacturer, and BURDETT LAMBTON BROWN, of the
.saine Place, Engineer, in the Employ of the said John James Russell, send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters-
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
'did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John James Russell and Burdett Lambton Brown, Her special licence that
we, the said John James Russell and Burdett Lambton Brown, our executors,.
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John James.
Russell and Burdett Lambton Brown, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great.
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPER TUBES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John James Russell
and Burdett Lambton Brown, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and iminediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John James Russell and Burdett
Lambton Brown, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This. Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used in the
manufacture of taper tubes. For these purposes the dies used when drawing
tubes are so constructed and worked that the diameter of the dies is con-
stantly varying as a tube is drawn through them. The dies may either.
consist of two grooved rollers or two grooved sections of rollers, the grooves
being made wider at one end than the other, and gradually diminishing from
the widest end to the narrowest end. These dies are made to move pro-
gressively, so as continually to present a different section of opening, whilst
the tube is drawn through such varying opening at a speed greater than the
surface speed which is given to the rollers or to the section of rollers in which
the grooves are made. The rollers or sections of rollers are geared together,
or worked in such manner that the groove of the one is kept correctly to
correspond with the groove in the other.

page_text: The arrangement of draw bench or machinery used for drawing the tubes
through the dies may be varied, and the means of giving motion to the dies
may also be varied, care being observed in all cases that the extent moved
through by the drawing apparatus during the time that the dies are changing
from one diameter to another shall represent the length of the tube, whilst
the movement or change of the die shall represent the larger and smaller
diameters of the length of tube drawn during the time the changing the
diameter of the dies has occupied. It may however be stated, that when it
is desired that a tube should for any purpose consist of a length of cylindrical
tube in connection with a length of tapering tube, such a result may be
obtained by preventing the dies from changing whilst the desired length of
cylindrical tube is drawn through them, and then where the tapering part of
the length of tube is to be produced, a slow surface motion is to be given to.
the dies (as compared with the motion or speed of the drawing machinery),
so that whilst drawing the tapering part of the tube the diameter of the
opening through the dies may be changed, so that at the commencement the
die shall represent the diameter of the tube at that end, and when complete
the die shall represent the diameter of the other end.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a side elevation of an ordinary draw bench, having apparatus
applied thereto suitable for carrying out our Invention; Figure 2 is a plan of
the machinery.
A, A, is the draw bench; Bis an endless chain by which and the nippers D
the tube is drawn through the dies in the ordinary manner, but in place of
using with the draw bench dies suitable for producing cylindrical tubes, as
heretofore, dies F, F, are employed, which will, when welding or making
tapering tubes, continue to vary the diameter of those parts of the dies which
for the time being are acting to press the tube, as hereafter explained. The
chain B is carried by chain wheels E, E, a as is. well understood. Motion is
given to the axis of one of the wheels E from the driving shaft of the engine
by means of cog wheels C, C. The holding nippers D are connected with the
_draw_chain_B_by_means_of_the_hook-E;-the-bearings-of-the-axes-of-tho-
dies F are received into the upright framings H, and such bearings are
arranged in a similar manner to the bearings used for rollers employed for
rolling iron. On the axis of the lower roller die F is a cog wheel K, which

page_text: gears into the pinion L on the hollow axis X, and is driven thereby. On the
axis of the pinion L is a drum or pulley M, to which one end of the rope or
chain O is fixed, and on which the chain or rope is coiled. The other end
of the rope or chain O is attached to the end of the arm P, which is carried
by the hook Ex, hence when the chain B is in motion the rope or chain will
be drawn off the pulley or drum M, which will thereby be caused to rotate,
and give a slow motion to the dies F in the direction indicated by the arrows,
the axes of which are geared together by wheels I, I, so as to cause the
tapering grooves formed around the circumferences of the rolls to be kept
correctly together. The dies F, F, consist of two segments of rollers, each
with a tapering groove. The larger diameters of the grooves on the rolls F
come first into action on the tube, and as the tube is drawn between the
dies F, the diameter of the passage through them is decreased by the
dies F, F, being caused to turn slowly round on their axes, so as to bring
into position a less and less diameter of the grooves around the surfaces of the
rollers F, F. In the Drawings, the motion of the rolls or dies F, F, is in
the opposite direction to that in which the tube is drawn, which is the arrange-
ment we prefer. The rolls or dies F, F, may however be caused to turn in
the same direction as the tube is drawn, the surface speed of the rolls F, F,
being much slower than the speed of the drawing apparatus. So soon as the
tube W has been drawn through the dies, the rotation of the dies F is reversed
by means of the weight and chain or cord S on the drum R, by which the
flat parts of the two rollers or dies are brought opposite each other, by which
there will be an open space through between the rolls or dies F, F, which
will admit of the tube W being passed back in order that it may be again
drawn through the dies. T is part of the furnace in which the tube is
heated.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the best manner
we are acquainted with for performing the same, we would have it understood
that we make no claim to any of the mechanical parts separately, and we
would state that we do not confine ourselves to the particular form of the
draw bench or drawing apparatus shewn, as other apparatus for drawing the
tubes through the dies may when carrying out our Invention be employed in
place thereof, and other mechanical means for progressively altering the
diameter of the passage through the dies may be resorted to in place of those
shewn in the Drawings. We would further state, that we do not claim the
use of rollers or swages with tapering grooves therein for welding or making
tapering tubes, as grooved rollers and swages have before been used for

page_text: these purposes, but in such previous use of such descriptions of tools the
surface motion of the rollers or swages caused the tubes to be passed between
them, whereas the tubes according to our Invention are drawn through the
dies by suitable drawing machinery, whilst the rotation or surface motion of
the dies is for the purpose of progressively changing the diameter of the
passage through the dies.
In witness whereof, we, the said John James Russell and Burdett
Lambton Brown, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth
day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-two.
J. J. RUSSELL.
(L.S.)
BURDETT LAMBTON BROWN. (L.S.)