AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR RUBBING OR DRESSING PRINTERS' TYDES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Patrick Welch, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
MACHINERY FOR RUBBING OR DRESSING PRINTERS' TYDES"
Sealed the 12th November 1867, and dated the 17th June 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Patrick Welch at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June
1867.
I, PATRICK WELCH, of the City and, State of New York, United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "AN IMPROVE-
.MENT IN MACHINERY FOR RUBBING OR DRESSING PRINTERS'. TYPES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention is an improvement upon that for which Letters Patent were
granted to me, dated May 9th 1865, No. 1277, and a reference is hereby
expressly made to the Specification of the said Letters Patent, in order that
.the particular points of my present Invention may be more fully understood.
The types are set up in line, and those. lines are placed in columns in a
supplying galley with slices or strips of metal between them. The column. is

page_text: moved up by a sliding frame acted upon by friction pawls, and one line of type
is taken off the column at a time and driven through a channel, the sides of
which are grooved and fitted with cutters that dress off the projections or
shoulders below the face of the letter and true or rub the body of the types.
The pusher that is used to force along this column of type is a thin piece of
metal that is supported by an arm from a short shaft in a sliding carriage
acted upon by a lever that is moved by a cam below the bed of the machine.
The pusher is free to accommodate itself to the type should they incline; a fol-
Jower passes in behind the pusher to keep the next line of types from crowding
in behind the pusher. The slices between the lines of types have to be
removed successively as they come up; a recess is provided in a sliding plate
at the end of the column of types to receive the slice, and this plate is drawn
down by a cam while the pusher is coming back and carries with it the slice,
and stationary inclines acting bebind the slice throw it out into a suitable recep-
tacle, and the sliding plate goes up again to receive the next slice at the head
of the column as pushed up.
The cutters for dressing the types are like plane irons; they stand in pairs
on opposite sides of the channel through which the types are forced by the
pusher. The projections or shoulders below the face of the letters are first
cut off, then the bodies of the types are dressed true. The cutters and side of
the channel carrying them are adjustable as a whole to vary the width of the
channel to that required for the types being rubbed; the cutters are also
separately removable for sharpening. The bottom of the channel is formed
by a narrow adjustable bridge to support the types while being moved along
and rubbed. The types are received line by line as rubbed into a galley that
'is placed for them; the last line of types in the galley is held up by a rule
that is lifted as a lateral pusher presses the next line of types into the galley,
and then the rule comes down to hold up that line.
The sides of the receiving galley are made adjustable to suit the lengths of
lines of types, and one side may be set at an inclination if necessary.. The
other side of the receiving galley is fitted with springs, so as to yield if. an
extra type happens to get into the line, and the lateral pushers that act to pass
'a line of types into the receiving galley are made double and adjustable to suit
the position of the types, and thin spring strips of metal pass within the sides
of the movable galley so as to guide the types into the same, and this movable
galley may be taken away when full and another introduced. The main shaft
runs along below the machine and is fitted with cams that act upon connections
to the respective moving parts.
...

page_text: The aforesaid modifications and improvements upon the previously patented
machine constitute iny present Invention...
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Patrick Welch in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PATRICK
WELCH, of the City and State of New York, United States of America, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of June, A.D. One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Patrick Welch,
Her special license that I, the said Patrick Welch, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Patrick Welch, y
executors; administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the termi
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend;
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY
FOR RUBBING OR DRESSING PRINTERS' TYPES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that. I, the said Patrick Welch, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Patrick Welch, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Fig. 1 is a plan. of said machine.
"
2 is an elevation at the side A of Fig. 1, the legs of the' frame being
shown as broken off.
3 is a vertical cross section at the line x, x, Fig. 1.

page_text: Fig. 5 is an elevation of the face of one of the cutter blocks.
"
"
"
6 is a side view of the cutter. blocks and gauge for determining the
thickness to which the types are rubbed or dressed.
7 is a plan and elevation of the bridge over which the types pass when
between the cutters.
8 is an elevation of the slide that delivers the slices or rules that keep
the lines of type separate.
9 is a face view of the pusher, its axis being shown by dotted lines.
Similar marks of reference denote the same parts.
This Invention is an improvement upon that for which Letters Patent were
granted to me, May 9, 1865, No. 1277, in Great Britain.
line at a time is
The frame a¹ is
The types are set up in line and placed in column in a galley a, and
between the lines metal rules or slices are introduced. The column of type is
moved up by a sliding frame a' at the proper time, as one
conveyed away and passed through the cutters to dress it.
operated on by pawls 1, 1, on arms from a cross shaft 2; 3 is
that is loose on said shaft 2, but clamped by friction plates on
is a bar vibrated by the cam 4 on the main shaft c, and acts by a pawl 5 on
the wheel 3 to cause the pawls 1; 1; to move the column of type forward into
the machine the width of one line.
a ratchet wheel
its side, and b¹
The lines of types only being carried off endwise through the cutters it is
necessary to dispose of the rules or slices between the respective lines; to
effect this I form a recess in the sliding plate c', into which the rule or slice
passes as the line of types comes against the face of that plate c'. After the
line of types has been carried off this sliding plate c¹ is carried down below the
bottom of the galley .a by the weight c² and cam 6 on c, and stationary
inclines 7 acting through slots c' (see Figs. 3 & 8) in c¹ throw the slice out
of the recess upon an incline 8, down which it slides into a receptacle 9.
In order to move the lines of types along I employ a pusher d; this pusher
is mounted on a slide d¹, and moved at the proper time by the lever d³,
cam d³, and spring 10. The pusher is a movable piece of metal that may be
changed to accommodate thick or thin type, and the device that connects the
pusher and slide is a rock shaft with a screw clamp, so that the edge of the
pusher can be set at an inclination to accommodate the inclination there may
be in the type at the end of the line resulting from the projecting burs at the
bases of the letters, keeping the bodies of the types slightly apart at the letter
ends.
The follower e is drawn in behind the pusher by the spring 11, and by

page_text: its thin end holds up the next slice or rule and line of types. A small friction
spring at 12 holds up the last type in the line of types as the pusher leaves it:
on going back to allow another line of types to come up to the face of the
sliding plate c¹.
The blocks and fi carry the cutters; the block f is stationary and
the block f movable nearer to or farther from the block f, according to the
width of the lines of type to be dressed. The screw 13 in a slot in the
block is employed to hold the same firmly after the adjustment has been
effected by the screw 14, and 15 is a standing gauge on the bed of the
machine, and 16 a similar gauge on the block f¹ (see Fig. 6), between which
a type of the standard width of the dressed type is introduced to aid in
adjusting the block f¹.
The blocks fand f1 carry the pairs of cutters 9, 9, 9, and g¹, 9'; the
cutters 9 are made with bevelled ends, see Figs. 1 & 5, and only act to cut
off the projecting metal at the base of the letter; these cutters 9 are adjusted
by the screws 17. The cutters g¹ act like plane irons upon the entire sides of
the body of the types to true the same, making the types uniform in thickness
and parallel sided as the line of types is pushed through between said
cutters.
The cutters g¹ are held down by the, clamps 18 that may be turned around
to allow of the cutters being removed for sharpening, and screws 19 are
provided for adjusting such cutters g¹; the screws 19 also pass through:
clamps g² that have to be turned around to facilitate the removal of the
cutters.
The line of types in passing through the channel between the blocks f
and rest upon a bridge h (see Figs. 6 & 7) that is formed with side notches:
at the parts where the cutters g¹ stand, so that the cutters can project slightly
below the bridge, and the bridge at these points is only left the thickness of
the thinnest type or space to be rubbed, so that the cutters can be adjusted
thereto; this bridge is adjustable by the screws h¹, so that it shall stand
midway below the channel whatever may be the width of type that is being:
dressed. A spring 20, see Figs. 5 & 6, is employed to push the block f¹ into
contact with the adjusting screw 14, as that may be moved and thus facilitate
adjustment.
"
The surface of the blocks f and f¹ are to be made of steel and ribbed as
seen in Figs. 5 and 6, so as to lessen friction on the sides of the types as they'
are forced through the channel. The types are received line by line as they
are rubbed into a galley k that bas an adjustable side k¹ to accommodate the

page_text: length of line, and the side 21 is made also adjustable that it may be set at
an inclination if the projections at the top and bottom of the letter make said
line of types wider at the top than at the bottom; the side ¹ is also fitted
with a spring that it may yield if an extra type accidentally is in the
line.
The whole column of type in the galley k is pushed along by pushers i
that are operated by the cam i¹ and lever i, the rule 7 being at that time lifted
by the cam and lever 1*; this gives the necessary opening for the next line
of types to come in, but before the pushers i draw back, the rule 1 descends to
hold up the types in the galley k, and the position of this rule / can be adjusted
according to the width of the line of types and the movement of the pushers i
determined by adjusting the roller i³. The lever i² is made in two parts,
each part attached to the shaft, the shaft forming the fulcrum of the
lever.
A block o is set to slide in a groove in the fence o¹ that forms a continuation,
of the face of the block f, and from this block o a cord passes over a pulley to
the weight o², so that the first type in the advancing line of types will be held.
up as the line is pushed into this galley k, and this block is drawn back by its.
weight o² as soon as the line of types has been pushed away from the fence o¹
into the galley.
A movable galley k² extends from the galley k, the thin sides of this
galley setting behind springs at the edges of k, so that the types cannot
become wedged in passing into said galley. The advancing end of the column
of types in the galley k or 2 is held up by a sliding block t.
By dividing up the column of types in the galley k² into square sections,
and then introducing rules or slices so as to separate the types into lines, they
may be run through the machine a second time to dress the other sides of the
body of the types, the cutters being adjusted accordingly.
What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
First, the mechanism specified for moving up the column of types in the
galley a.
Second, the pusher d adjusted and operating as set forth.
Third, the follower e to hold up the slice or rule in the column of types, as
specified.
Fourth, the sliding plate c¹ recessed to receive the slice or rule, and moved to
convey the same away as set forth.
Fifth, the construction of the cutter blocks f and f¹, and mode of adjusting
and holding the cutters as specified.

page_text: Sixth, the bridge h made and adjusted as set forth.
Seventh, the pushers i and rule applied and actuated substantially as and
or the purposes set forth.
Eighth, the sliding block o and the yielding side k² of the galley k, as set
forth.
Ninth, the removable galley, applied as and for the purposes specified.
Tenth, the adjustable side 21 of the galley k for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Patrick Welch, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of November, A.D. One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witnesses,
GEO. D. WALKER,
121, Nassau St., New York.
CHAS. H. SMITH,
"
"
PATRICK WELCH. (L.S.)