IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SCRIBBLING, CARDING, AND COMBING WOOL AND ALL OTHER RIDDIS ALGO FIRRORS OD TEXTILE MATERIALS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Knowles, of the Birstal Dye Works,
Birstal, near Leeds, in the County of York, and Joshua Barraclough,
of the same Place, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SCRIBBLING, CARDING, AND COMBING WOOL AND ALL OTHER
RIDDIS ALGO FIRRORS OD TEXTILE MATERIALS "
ATOA
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Knowles and
Joshua Barraclough at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 23rd June 1864.
We, ARTHUR KNOWLES, of the Birstal Dye Works, Birstal, near Leeds, in
the County of York, and JOSHUA BARRACLOUGH, of the same Place, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SCRIBBLING, CARDING, AND COMBING WOOL AND ALL OTHER FIBRES,
ALSO FIBROUS OR TEXTILE MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
The objects of our Invention are to prevent in great measure the waste
which is made by the machinery now in use for the purposes above named,
as well as to obtain increased straightness, smoothness, and length of staple in
the fibrous material under operation, added to a much larger quantity of work
done in a given space of time. We effect these improved results by substi-
tuting endless bands, belts, or sheets of cards in ordinary carding or scribbling
machinery for the "workers" and "strippers" now in use.
strippers" now in use. These endless
bands, belts, or sheets of cards may be made of any required width, and we

page_text: prefer to attach them to similar endless bands composed of canvas by means
of a suitable cement. The said bands of cards mounted on canvas are
supported and carried by suitable rollers placed over and under the swifts of
the carding or scribbling apparatus in such proximity to the swifts as may
be requisite for proper working. The bands placed under the swifts, by means
of a forward motion from "server" to "doffer," strip the swifts of any re-
maining fibres not taken by the bands placed over the swift, and also receive
such short fibrous particles as by present machines fly off and become waste,
carrying the same to the "doffer," where it becomes mingled with the longer
fibres stripped from the swifts by the endless bands placed over the same.
These endless bands or sheets of cards, having a combined rotatory and
reciprocating motion, produce the superior results before named.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur Knowles and Joshua Barraclough in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ARTHUR
KNOWLES, of the Birstal Dye Works, Birstal, near Leeds, in the County of
York, and JOSHUA BARRACLOUGH, of the same Place, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Arthur Knowles and Joshua Barraclough, Her special licence
that we, the said Arthur Knowles and Joshua Barraclough, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Arthur Knowles
and Joshua Barraclough, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR SCRIBBLING, CARDING, AND COMBING WOOL AND ALL OTHER
FIBRES, ALSO FIBROUS OR TEXTILE MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, tho said Arthur Knowles and Joshua Barraclough, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Arthur Knowles and Joshua Barra-
clough, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The objects of our Invention are to prevent in great measure the waste
which is made by the machinery now in use for the purposes above named,
as well as to obtain increased straightness, smoothness, and length of staple
in the fibrous materials under operation, added to a much larger quantity of
work done in a given space of time. We effect these improved results by
substituting endless bands or sheets of cards in ordinary carding or scribbling
machinery for the workers now in use. These endless bands, belts, or sheets
of cards may be made of any required width, and we prefer to attach them
to similar endless bands made of canvas by means of suitable cement,
although, if desired, india-rubber card sheeting may be used. The said bands
of card mounted on canvas (or made on the same principle as ordinary card
fillets) are supported and carried by suitable rollers placed over and under
the swifts of the carding or scribbling apparatus, in such proximity to the
swifts as may be requisite for proper working. The bands placed under the
swifts, by means of a forward motion from "server" to "doffer," strip the
swifts of any fibres remaining on the same, and also receive such short fibrous
particles as by present machines fly off and become waste, carrying the same
to the doffer, where they become mingled with the longer fibres stripped from
the swift by the endless bands placed over the same. These endless bands
or sheets of card, having a rotatory and reciprocating motion, produce the
superior results before named.
The arrangement we have above described, it will be evident, is applicable
to existing scribbling or carding machinery, but where new scribblers or
carders are required we apply our Invention as follows, viz., on a framework
furnished with the customary "feeder" and "doffer" we mount transversely
a series of endless bands or sheets of cards (say five by preference), extending
from end to end of the machine, and each supported by two carrying rollers.
A small roller is placed under the upper side of the band to prevent slackness.
Over each endless band we mount two "workers" and one "fancy" roller,
the first "worker" of each series (that is to say, the one nearer the "feeder,")
having a small stripper placed in contact with it. The novelty of the arrange-
ment will be at once apparent, the swifts of ordinary carders and scribblers

page_text: being dispensed with. The proximity of the relative rollers to each other may
be regulated in the ordinary and well-known manner. The speed of the end-
less bands we prefer to be forty revolutions per minute for the first one near
the feeder, each subsequent one increasing ten revolutions per minute, so that
where five endless bands are used the speed of the last one will be eighty
revolutions per minute. A slower speed will suffice for the "workers" placed
over the endless bands before named, the first set commencing at twenty revo-
lutions per minute, and each succeeding set increasing until the last equals
sixty revolutions, but all these speeds may be varied.
But in order that our Invention may be thoroughly understood, reference
is made to the accompanying Sheets of Drawings, and the letters and figures
marked thereupon; and we may here remark, that as our Invention consists,
in the first place, in the application of endless bands of cards for scribbling
and carding purposes applied to the ordinary well-known machinery, such
bands of cards being actuated in the usual manner, and secondly, in the
application of such bands arranged as above described for new machines, we
have not deemed it essential to shew all the details of carding machinery,
such being well known, and our Invention presenting no novelty in that
SECTIO
machine, having our improvements applied thereto. A and B are the swifts
resting on frames C, furnished with the usual feed a and doffer; a, a, are
the endless bands of card in place of workers, of such width as the swifts may
require, and carried by rollers a, actuated in the usual manner; 6 is a stripper
to take the fibre under operation from the workers a¹, and return it to the
swift; b¹ is a "fancy" roller to raise the fibre on A and a, the intermediate
card roller c delivering the same from the swift A to the card roller D; a³ is
an endless band placed under the swift to catch the remaining and falling
fibres which may have escaped the roller c, and returning to the intermediate
swift D. A similar process takes place on swift B, and the fibre finally
reaches the doffer z, and is disposed of in the ordinary manner. By this
arrangement several card rollers may be dispensed with, and the material
under operation is longer in staple, and is more effectually carded, owing to
the combined rotatory and reciprocating motion of the endless bands.
Figure 2 is partially a side elevation and partially a longitudinal section of
our second arrangement. The parts marked a are the endless bands of any
desired width on carriers a¹. The parts are the "workers" placed over the
6

page_text: endless bands, whilst the rollers c are the "fancies" before named, the little
rollers being the strippers in contact with the "workers" b. The rollers c¹
(which may be made of wood) are those previously referred to as being placed
under the upper sides of the bands to prevent slackness. The whole series of
rollers is supported by brackets h in the ordinary manner on framework A.
As in the previous machine, the ordinary feed and doffing apparatus is applied
to the arrangements shown.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the arrangement shewn in Figure 2 (with
corresponding letters), shewing the endless bands a extending the full width
of the roller a¹, the feed rollers being omitted. The arrows indicate the
direction of the respective rollers' motion.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that what we clain
as of our Invention is the application of endless bands or sheets of cards for
scribbling, carding, and combing purposes, substantially in the manner shown
and described, without confining ourselves to the precise mechanical details.
In witness whereof, we, the said Arthur Knowles and Joshua Barra-
clough, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day
of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-four.
ARTHUR KNOWLES.
(L.S.)
JOSHUA BARRACLOUGHI. (L.S..)
ARTHUR KNOWLES.
(L.S.)
JOSHUA BARRACLOUGHI. (L.S..)