AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING, PURIFYING, MIXING, SEPARATING, COOLING, AERATING, ROASTING, AND OTHERWISE TREATING GRAIN, OBES, AND VARIOUS OTHER MATTERS
Year: 1865

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gaston Charles Ange at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
December 1865.
I, GASTON CHARLES ANGE, Marquis d'Auxy, of Frasnes, near Leuze,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING,
PURIFYING, MIXING, SEPARATING, COOLING, AERATING, ROASTING, AND OTHERWISE
TREATING GRAIN, OBES, AND VARIOUS OTHER MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This method may be applied to the treatment of a very great number of.
substances, both mineral, vegetable, and animal, solid and liquid, to air,
preserve, roast, cool, mix, separate, clear, or purify, and submit them to
numerous special operations.
This Invention consists essentially in storing the matters to be treated in
apparatuses arranged as herein-after described, and in causing these appara-
tuses to undergo the requisite movements and oscillations, which, very often
efficacious and indispensable, have only hitherto been supplied by difficult
and costly manoeuvres. These apparatuses, which have the shape of drums
of more or less diameter and length according to requirement and their
destined use, are cylinders traversed longitudinally by an axle and closed at
their ends. At the extremities of the staves which compose the drums, and
fitted on the bottoms or heads or on the staves, or at the same time on
both, are placed pegs or racks and hooks, or catches and rings, to receive

page_text: levers with which the drum carried on trestles or otherwise may be set in
motion, and receive the oscillations and shocks which it is desirable to give
it. The staves of these cylinders may be of wood or of metal, or at the
same time of both wood and metal; they may also be of wire gauze, or of
bars of iron or of wood suitably adjusted. The formation of these cylinders
should mostly be commenced by constructing a wooden or an iron frame
on which the staves are fitted. All the staves may be more or less per-
forated according to the matters to be treated; in certain cases only some
of them will be perforated. In the case of liquids, or of roasting or mixing
some solid substances, the staves should not be perforated but full, and close
the drum as hermetically as possible. One or two of these staves, according
to circumstances, must be arranged so as to act as a door, that is to say,
to permit the loading of the matters to be treated into the cylinders and
their discharge. These doors may also be made in the bottoms or
heads of the drum. When an inspection of what is passing in the interior
is requisite bulls-eyes can be let into the staves and heads. These cylinders
may be supported in any manner by walls, by stones, or by trestles, the
essential point being that they can turn and be shaken on their axle. One
of the main points of this method is not only once the cylinder set up and
the matters to be treated stored within it, to cause it to turn on itself, but
also to make it oscillate to cause it to undergo shocks, and to manoeuvre in
such wise that the matters do not purely and simply fall again on them-
selves, but that they shake and displace. To obtain this important result
I place, as already stated, at the extremity of my cylinder hooks or catches
capable of receiving the levers intended to work it. These levers, if the
cylinder is of inconsiderable size, or but little loaded, may suffice to produce
the desired oscillation; but if the mass to be turned or shaken is consider-
able a rope must be added at one of the ends of each lever, in order that
by working in a similar manner to bell ringers, the matters to be treated may
be more easily moved and shaken. The cylinders might be worked by
hydraulic, steam, or other power than hand labour if desired. Finally, they
may receive movements varied not only as already stated, but also by cams,
eccentrics, and any similar and well-known means employed with the same
object. It is possible and useful, if it is feared that zinc will not offer
sufficient resistance, to have recourse to a different mode of construction,
which is to apply on the two flanks an outside skeleton, which will support
the strain of the work, nothing further to be altered in the mode of working.
It is above all in manufactures and for working considerable quantities of
matters that recourse should be had to these means.
With respect to

page_text: grain, in view of the results which I have obtained, I do not hesitate to
say to agriculturists, take a cylinder a granary made according to these
instructions with perforated staves, and this cylinder a granary being two-
thirds or even three-fourths filled with any sort of grain, cause it not only
to turn on its axle, but also by a simple lever or one with a cord, oscillate
so that there be movement and shock, and you will obtain against humidity,
against weevils, and against the ordinary causes of the destruction of grain,
effects and results completely efficacious. Thus my method rests not only
on my apparatus, but at the same time on the apparatus, the setting up
and the working of the apparatus, above all on the rolling, the oscillations
and the shocks experienced by the matters to be treated.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawing forming part of this my
Provisional Specification I have indicated the construction of an apparatus
which will give an idea of the solution of the problem. On this Drawing
the apparatus is seen in longitudinal section, in plan, and in side view. On
the plan the letters a indicate timbers forming a frame on which are to be
fixed the staves or boards. On the section and on the plan may be seen at
letters 6 the position of the staves. The frame may be of iron, of wood,
or of wood and metal, and the staves or boards may be of wood or of
metal, or of metal and wood, of perforated boards, or of wire gauze. The
fastening c may be combined in different ways. It is important that it
should be capable of being fastened by a key. Openings may be made in
the bottoms or heads. As to the bottom or head, as shewn by the side
view, it may be made of plates of metal, or of wood with beams or ribs
corresponding with the beams and ribs of the cylinder properly so called.
The axle d may go from one end to the other or not. The support is
indicated by e. As to the means of manoeuvering the apparatus, they are
to be found in the lever f, rope g, and hooks and rings h, which receive the
levers in turn. Inside the cylinder there should be placed one or more
framings or skeletons in proportion to the lengthening of the cylinder,
which length may be extended according to the power at disposal and
the strength of the apparatus.