An Improved Process and Apparatus for Fettling, Cutting-off, Scratching, and otherwise Finishing off Sanitary Pipes and the like while in a Plastic or Semi-dry Condition.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept., 1899-Accepted, 28th Oct., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process and Apparatus for Fettling, Cutting-off,
Scratching, and otherwise Finishing off Sanitary Pipes and the
like while in a Plastic or Semi-dry Condition.
We, JAMES REGINALD WALKER WOODWARD, of Highfield House, Ashby Woulds,
in the County of Leicester, Manager of Sanitary Pipe Works, and NED COLLIER, of
Richmond Villa, Court Street, Woodville, in the County of Derby, Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of sanitary pipes they are usually placed on the spigot
ends and allowed to dry for a certain length of time, say twenty four hours,
after leaving the machine; they are then passed on to a "fettling" board where
they are rolled up and down and the end scratched or grooved in the process;
the operator holding a knife against the side of the pipe to cut it off with one
hand while he rolls it with the other.
For a variety of reasons this method is unsatisfactory as in taking the pipe
from the machine it is liable to considerable damage such as faulty shoulders
to the sockets, crooked sides to the pipe, blisters internally, few if any of which
defects can be removed by the man at the fettling board, while he cannot pro-
perly scratch the spigot of the pipe nor make a perfectly clean transverse cut
through the said pipe.
Our invention is designed to overcome these defects and in carrying the same
into effect we cause the pipe to be removed from the machine in the usual manner,
it is then carried to a perforated floor and there stood on its spigot end, steam
pipes or other heating devices are placed under the floor and the pipe is left to
dry for about an hour, or until it is sufficiently dry to be subjected to the pro-
cess hereinafter described. The pipe will be dryer at the spigot end than the
socket so as to leave the latter more plastic and pliable, and, as is well known
with the nature of sanitary pipe clay the socket end will have shrunk less and be
of slightly larger diameter than the spigot.
of any
We now pass the pipe on to a machine or apparatus consisting of a shaft
carried in any suitable bearings mounted on a frame or bed, the said shaft being
driven by belt, cord or the like with fast, and loose and cone pulleys, or other means
may be employed for varying the speed of the said shaft according to the size
of the pipe to be operated upon; this shaft carries at one end a face plate or
the like through or to which is bolted or otherwise secured a shouldered mandrel
desired diameter, the face plate may have annular recesses
formed therein and corresponding projections may be formed on the
end of the mandrel to fit therein or other means may be employed
to ensure self centreing; the same face-plate having numerous
centric recesses or other self centreing devices may accommodate different sized
mandrels; the said mandrel is made either cylindrical from end to end or pre-
ferably slightly taper to accommodate the difference in shrinkage of one end of
the pipe to the other, the thicker end being at the socket. The mandrel is pre-
con-

page_text: ferably recessed from end to end with the exception of the shoulder, and in this
recess is mounted a longitudinal piece set up by means of one or more springs to
project slightly beyond the general contour of the mandrel and preferably to
project rather more near the socket end, or a plain cylindrical mandrel may be
employed if desired although we are of opinion that it will not be so effective
as with the addition of the spring piece.
The pipe in the semi dry state is now brought from the drying floor and placed
socket end first upon the mandrel, the extreme end of the latter being diminished
and rounded to ensure the pipe being placed truly thereon and being first suitably
lubricated, the pipe is gradually slid up the mandrel and thus brought perfectly
straight from end to end the outer face is trued up and it is held while the
mandrel revolves inside it the spring piece burnishing the inside and removing
all blisters, while upon the bed of the machine a combined cutting off and scratch-
ing or grooving tool is arranged so that it may be brought to the pipe and scratch
or groove and cut each one off perfectly and of the same or any desired length.
It is evident that this tool may be arranged on the bed in various ways without
departing from the spirit of our invention.
In burning pipes they are usually placed upon the spigot ends upon rings of
semi plastic clay so that there will be no danger of damaged or broken spigots
from the excessive heat of the kiln; this machine may be also used for cutting
these rings off and ensuring perfectly flat faces thereto, either a number of knives
being brought up to the tube of clay to cut it off in given lengths or one knife
may be employed and used in connection with a bar divided into inches or other
spaces.
The invention is also an advantage in respect of the pipes being placed one on
another in the kiln they will stand straight up and not knock against each other
or fall over.
The goods being dried quickly smaller floor space is required than in the old
system.
It will be evident that our invention may be applied to other articles having
cylindrical insides such as chimney pots and the like.
Dated this 25th day of November 1898.
W. SWINDELL,
Agent for the Applicants.
An Improved Process and Apparatus for Fettling. Cutting-off
Scratching, and otherwise Finishing off Sanitary Pipes and the
like while in a Plastic or Semi-dry Condition.
We, JAMES REGINALD WALKER WOODWARD, of Highfield House, Ashby Woulds,
in the County of Leicester, Manager of Sanitary Pipe Works, and NED COLLIER, of
Richmond Villa, Court Street, Woodville, in the County of Derby, Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
66
In the manufacture of sanitary pipes they are usually placed on the spigot
ends and allowed to dry for a certain length of time, say twenty four hours,
after leaving the machine: they are then passed on to a
they are rolled up and down and the end scratched or grooved in the process;
fettling" board where
the operator holding a knife against the side of the pipe to cut it off with one
hand while he rolls it with the other.

page_text: For a variety of reasons this method is unsatisfactory as in taking the pipe
from the machine it is liable to considerable damage such as faulty shoulders
to the sockets, crooked sides to the pipe, internal blisters, few if any of which
defects can be removed by the man at the fettling board, while he cannot pro-
perly scratch the spigot of the pipe nor make a perfectly clean transverse cut
through the said pipe.
Our invention is designed to overcome these defects and in carrying the same
into effect we cause the pipe to be removed from the machine in the usual manner,
it is then carried to a perforated floor and there stood on its spigot end, steam
pipes or other heating devices are placed under the floor and the pipe is left to
dry for about an hour or until it is sufficiently dry to be subjected to the pro-
cess hereinafter described. The pipe will be dryer at the spigot end than the
socket so as to leave the latter more plastic and pliable, and, as is well known
with the nature of sanitary pipe clay the socket end will have shrunk less and be
of slightly larger diameter than the spigot.
We now pass the pipe on to the improved machine or apparatus illustrated
upon the accompanying sheet of drawings, upon which Figure 1 is a general front
view or elevation thereof.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of same from the left hand side of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an enlarged section on line a a of Figure 4.
Figure 4 is an enlarged end elevation of the mandrel on the right hand side
of Figure 1 to be more particularly hereinafter described.
Figure 5 is a section on line 6 6 of Figure 2 shewing the method of centreing
the mandrel to the face plate as will be also more particularly hereinafter
described.
The shaft A is carried in any suitable bearings B mounted on a frame or
bed C the said shaft being driven by belt, cord or the like with fast and loose
and cone pulleys or pulley D and friction block E or other means may be
employed for varying the speed of the said shaft according to the size of the pipe
to be operated upon; this shaft A carries face plates F F or the like through or
to which are bolted or otherwise secured shouldered mandrels G G¹ of any desired
diameter, the face plates have each recesses H formed therein and corresponding
projections I are formed on the end of the mandrel to fit therein or other means
may be employed to ensure self centreing; the same face plate having numerous
concentric recesses or other self centreing devices may accommodate different
sized mandrels, or all the mandrels may be formed with the same sized ring or pro-
jection to fit one recess in the face plates. The mandrels may be made either
cylindrical from end to end or preferably slightly taper to accommodate the
difference in shrinkage of one end of the pipe to the other, the thicker end being
at the socket. The mandrel G is recessed from end to end as shewn at J with
the exception of the shoulder and in this recess is mounted a longitudinal piece K
set up by means of one or more springs L to project slightly beyond the general
contour of the mandrel and preferably to project rather more near the socket
end, the bolts M being adjusted to limit the play of this longitudinal piece.
The pipe in the semi-dry state is now brought from the drying floor and placed
socket end first upon the mandrel, the extreme end of the latter being diminished
and rounded to ensure the pipe being placed truly thereon and being first suitably
lubricated, the pipe is gradually slid up the mandrel and thus brought perfectly
straight from end to end the outer face is trued up and it is held while the
mandrel revolves inside it, the spring piece burnishing the inside and removing
all blisters, while from the bed of the machine a combined cutting off and scratch-
ing or grooving tool N is arranged so that it may be brought to the pipe and
scratch or groove and cut each one off perfectly and of the same or any desired
length, it being provided with a knife O. It is evident that this tool may be
arranged on the bed in various ways without departing from the spirit of our
invention and also that any design of scratching or grooving may be employed on
the roller N.

page_text: In burning pipes they are usually placed upon the spigot ends upon rings of
semi plastic clay so that there will be no danger of damaged or broken spigots
from the excessive heat of the kiln: this machine may be also used for cutting
these rings off and ensuring perfectly flat faces thereto a plain mandrel G' is
preferably employed for this purpose mounted on the shaft in the same way as
already described in reference to mandrel G: the tube of clay is placed upon this
mandrel, slight projections P being employed upon the shoulder Q of the socket
part of the mandrel to ensure the tube turning round with the mandrel.
cutting off frame or device R is employed capable of longitudinal adjustment
upon the bed of the machine and carrying adjustable knives S, the said frame
being free to move in the bearings when brought down by means of the
handle U until the knives cut through the tube of clay on the mandrel, the frame
being returned to its normal position by means of a weight V, or a spring may
be substituted if desired.
A
A similar spring or weight W is also employed to return the cutting and
scratching or grooving tool N to its normal position.
A frame carrying a number of wires may be substituted for the one carrying
knives, but we are of opinion that knives are preferable. A plain mandrel may
be used for trueing the pipes if desired and so make one mandrel answer both
purposes but we are of opinion that the arrangement shewn is better.
For making short pipes we may employ a sliding head to fit over the mandrel G,
slotted to allow play for the longitudinal piece K, and fitted or secured to the
face plate or other part of the apparatus, the object of this being to obviate
moving the cutting tool N and prevent cutting or damaging the mandrel G.
We may if desired employ an extra device for branding the pipes operated in
a similar manner to the cutting off device N.
This invention is also an advantage in respect of the pipes being placed one
on another in the kiln they will stand straight up and not knock against each
other or fall over.
The goods being dried quickly smaller floor space is required than in the old
system.
It will be evident that our invention may be applied to other articles having
cylindrical insides such as chimney pots and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
1. In an apparatus for fettling, cutting off scratching and otherwise finishing
off sanitary pipes and the like the employment of a slotted mandrel with a longi-
tudinal spring piece in conjunction with a device for cutting off and grooving or
scratching such pipes and the like substantially as described and illustrated.
2. The improved device for cutting off short lengths of clay tube illustrated
upon Figures 1 and 2 consisting of a mandrel adapted to hold and revolve with
the tube and an adjustable frame acting in conjunction therewith and carrying
adjustable cutting off devices substantially as described and illustrated.
3. The improved apparatus substantially as and for the purposes described.
4. The improved process and apparatus substantially as described.
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W. SWINDELL,
Imperial Chambers, Albert Street, Derby,
Agent for the Applicants.