NEW OR IMPROVED PNEU- MATIC ARRANGEMENTS FOR FACILITATING THE UNCAPPING OR EXPOSING AND CAPPING OR SHUTTING THE LENSES USED IN APPARATUS FOR DEPICTING PERSONS OR OBJECTS BY PHOTOGRAPHIC MEANS."
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James William Thomas Cadett, of 68, Camberwell Grove,
in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED PNEU-
MATIC ARRANGEMENTS FOR FACILITATING THE UNCAPPING OR EXPOSING AND
CAPPING OR SHUTTING THE LENSES USED IN APPARATUS FOR DEPICTING
PERSONS OR OBJECTS BY PHOTOGRAPHIC MEANS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James William Thomas
Cadett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th March
1878.
JAMES WILLIAM THOMAS CADETT, of 68, Camberwell Grove, in the County of
Surrey. "NEW OR IMPROVED PNEUMATIC ARRANGEMENTS FOR FACILITATING
THE UNCAPPING OR EXPOSING AND CAPPING OR SHUTting the LenSES USED IN
APPARATUS FOR DEPICTING PERSONS OR OBJECTS BY PHOTOGRAPHIC MEANS."
My Invention has for its object the application of pneumatics for photographic
purposes, so that the lens, by means of a shutter or other covering, is uncapped or
exposed at will, according as required.
In carrying out my Invention I adopt, mainly, the following arrangements :-
To a portion of the apparatus holding the lens, I fit or secure a case or box, which
contains a bellows or case, acted on by spring or otherwise, said bellows being in
communication with a pipe or opening into the pneumatic tubing.
On a spindle acting on or by the said bellows, is fitted or secured a shutter, which
projects beyond the said case or box.
The action is as follows:-By pressing an air or gas chamber in communication
with the tubing, the bellows or case fitted or secured to the apparatus is actuated,
and the shutter or cap is moved, so as to uncap or expose the lens as required.
to

page_text: The bellows, disc, or chamber can be fitted to the photographic apparatus without
a case, and springs applied thereto may, as is evident, be sometimes dispensed with,
though spring or springs are preferred to be used.
A locking arrangement is generally used, which holds the shutter or cap so as to
get the proper focus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James William Thomas Cadett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th September 1878.
JAMES WILLIAM THOMAS CADETT, of 68, Camberwell Grove, in the County of
Surrey. "NEW OR IMPROVED PNEUMATIC ARRANGEMENTS FOR FACILITATING THE
UNCAPPING OR EXPOSING AND CAPPING OR SHUTTING THE LENSES USED IN APPARA-
TUS FOR DEPICTING PERSONS OR OBJECTS BY PHOTOGRAPHIC MEANS."
My Invention has for its object the application of pneumatics for photographic
purposes, so that the lens, by means of a shutter or other covering, is uncapped or
exposed at will, according as required.
In carrying out my Invention, I adopt substantially the following arrange-
ments:-
To a portion of the apparatus holding the lens I fit or secure a case or box which
contains a bellows or wind box acted on by spring or otherwise, said bellows being
in communication with a pipe or opening into the pneumatic tubing.
On a spindle acting on or by the said bellows, is fitted or secured a shutter or
cap which projects beyond the said case or box.
The action is as follows:-By pressing an air or gas chamber in communication
with the tubing, the bellows or case fitted or secured to the apparatus is actuated,
and the shutter or cap is moved, so as to uncap or expose the lens as required.
The bellows, disc, or chamber can be fitted to the photographic apparatus without
a case, and springs may, as is evident, be sometimes dispensed with, though spring
or springs are preferred to be used.
A locking arrangement is generally used, which holds the shutter or cap so as to
keep the lens uncovered while setting the proper focus.
Having thus far described the nature of the said Invention, and incidentally
intimated in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in practice, I
will now proceed (aided by the accompanying Drawings) to further and particularly
describe and ascertain in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out
in practice, that is to say,-

page_text: A is the case or box fitted or secured to the portion of apparatus holding the
lens; B, bellows or wind box; C, pipe secured to portion D, said pipe being in
communication with the bellows or wind box; E, length of tubing fitted on to said
pipe C, terminating in the air or gas chamber F; G, spindle fitted in bearings, as
shown, said spindle being provided with a spring H; I, arms secured to spindle (G),
said arms being fitted with the cap or shutter K; L, connection formed between the
arm M fitted to spindle (G), and the portion pressing on the bellows or case B, whereby
the shutter or cap, when the bellows is inflated, turns the spindle G, and with it
the shutter or cap K, to the position shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 2.
By releasing the pressure on the air or gas chamber F, the bellows, chamber, or
disc assumes its normal condition, as shown in the Drawings.
N is the locking arrangement for holding the shutter or cap.
The arrangements shown by the Drawings represent those for adoption outside
the camera. When fitted inside, the arrangments are substantially the same, with
the exception of means suitable for attaching the instrument, which are modified
according to the kind of camera used.
At*, Fig. 2, the position of the arm M and connection L is shewn by dotted
lines as holding the shutter or cap K closed, and the locking arrangement is then
at N*.
In the same Fig., at **, the dotted lines shew M and L as when holding open
the shutter K* for focussing, the locking arrangement being then as at N.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in
practice, I hereby declare that I claim the Invention of new or improved pneumatic
arrangements (substantially as herein-before set forth and described) for facilitating
the uncapping or exposing and capping or shutting the lenses used in apparatus
for depicting persons or objects by photographic means, it being understood that I
do not bind myself to the particular form of arrangements shewn by the accom-
panying Drawings and herin described by reference thereto, as same may be varied
without departing from the principle of my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said James William Thomas Cadett, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
Vitness,
W. HILLIER,
21, Cockspur Street,
London,
S.W.
J. W. T. CADETT. (L.S.)