IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO- DUCTION OF VIOLET COLOURS FROM MAGENTA FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ludwig Schad, of Warrington, in the County of.
Lancaster, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO-
DUCTION OF VIOLET COLOURS FROM MAGENTA FOR DYEING AND PRINTING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ludwig Schad at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
August 1865.
I, LUDWIG SCHAD, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PRODUCTION OF VIOLET COLOURS FROM MAGENTA FOR DYEING AND PRINTING," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in treating either the base rosaniline or its salts with
chlorides, iodides, or bromides of ethylene. The proportions may be varied,
but I at present produce a good result by taking eight parts of chloride of
ethylene, and four parts of rosaniline, and one part of spirit of wine. The
mixture is placed in a closed vessel and heated, when the violet colour is
produced, and may be used for the purposes of dyeing and printing.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ludwig Schad in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
February 1866.
•
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LUDWIG
SCHAD, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-five, and in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself,
Her beirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Ludwig Schad,
Her special license that I, the said Ludwig Schad, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigus, or such others as I, the said Ludwig Schad, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF VIOLET COLORS FROM
MAGENTA FOR DYEING AND PRINTING," upon the condition, amongst others, that
I, the said Ludwig Schad, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately, after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ludwig Schad, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in preparing violet colouring
matters for dyeing and printing; to obtain them I take either rosaniline or
its salts, and mix it with chloride, iodide, or bromide of ethylene and spirit.
The proportions may be varied, but I produce a good result by taking eight
parts of chloride of ethylene, and four parts of rosaniline, and one part of
spirit; I heat these substances together in a suitable close vessel capable of
sustaining pressure, and heat the mixture to a temperature of 300 F., or
thereabout, which heat is to be maintained from two to three hours, or until
the whole of the rosaniline is converted into the desired purple colour. The
time required for this operation depends in great measure upon the capacity
of the vessel, and will readily be acquired by experience. I then allow it to
cool, connect the vessel with a condeuser, and distil off the excess of chloride

page_text: of ethylene and spirit, which may be used again. The yellowish green residue
left in the vessel is the chloride of the new coloring matter, and when
dissolved in spirit it is ready for ordinary use in dyeing and printing. The
operations with the iodide or bromide of ethylene are precisely the same.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent
treating either the base rosaniline or its salts with chlorides, iodides, or
bromides of ethylene.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ludwig Schad, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the said Ludwig Schad,
in the presence of
W. TUDOR MABLEY,
14, St. Ann's Square,
Manchester.
LUDGWIG SCHAD. (L.S.)