IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING TAPPING AND STUDDING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Morris of Poplar in the County of Middlesex for
an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING TAPPING AND STUDDING
MACHINES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Morris at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th October 1882.
JOHN MORRIS of Poplar in the County of Middlesex-" IMPROVEMENTS IN
DRILLING TAPPING AND STUDDING MACHINES."
The object of my improvement or machine is, first to Drill holes, 2nd Thread them
with an ordinary screwed plug tap and 3rd supply the tapered holes with screwed
stud bolts:-
The improvement is applicable to any purpose to which it can be applied but is
more especially intended for drilling tapping and supplying screwed stud bolts to
marine condenser plates, flanges, cylinder ends, and, other portions of Marine
Engine Work.
The machine or drill spindle is divided into two main parts, but united together
by means of a sliding coupling for transmitting motion and is made to work or run
in both directions by usually employing two loose pulleys and one tight or driving
pulley and two driving belts one working straight and the other crossed in the
usual manner for reversing motion or any other known method of reversing the
motion and working the spindle of the machine may be employed. My improved
machine can be attached to and worked by any ordinary drilling or boreing machine
provided with means for reversing the motion of the drill spindle.
The lower part or half of the drill spindle is also divided into two parts and
provided with a coupling device for purposes hereinafter mentioned usually com-
posed of a flange and boss and united together by a number of screw bolts and
nuts with the bolt heads working in a concentric slot made in the flange or lower
portion of the coupling while the said bolts pass through holes in the boss or upper
portion of the coupling, this coupling is provided with ordinary pawls and springs
to perform the functions of a coupling the pawls are made to engage in the boss
portion of the coupling and the tension of the springs on the pawls are regulated by
a movable adjustable ring provided with eccentric slots and pins attached thereon

page_text: to act on the back of the pawl springs with the spindle thus provided with an
adjustable pawl or ratchet coupling.-When the machine is used for drilling
purposes it is worked in the direction so as to cause the pawls to remain in gear to
give positive motion and power for drilling holes of any required size but for
tapping purposes the motion of the machine is reversed and the pawls are then
entirely held in gear by the action of the springs on them and when the tap has
been screwed to the bottom of the hole or to the required distance the pawl spring
yields to the resistance of the taps and thereby cause the pawls to work out of gear
which permits the upper part of the machine or spindle to revolve without injury
to any portion of the mechanism. The motion of the machine is then reversed for
screwing out the tap, any other known form or mode of coupling or working the
divided lower half of the spindle may be used whereby a positive motion and power
is obtained for drilling purposes and a yielding or limited resistance or power for
tapping purposes and screwing in stud bolts.
Independent drills and taps are commonly used for the smaller sized holes which
are taken out and replaced in the drill spindle in the usual manner, but for the
large holes the diills and taps are constructed to remain attached to the spindle at
the same time.
One method of doing this is, by making the tap a portion of the lower part of
the coupling or spindle, or attaching it thereto in any known suitable manner and
making a longitudinal slot through the tap for the passage of the drill The lower
part or half of the spindle is worked by a lever indirectly attached to the upper
portion of the spindle for moving the drill tap or stud driver to or from their work
the end of this lever is usually weighted to counterbalance the lower part of the
spindle.
With the larger drills and taps thus constructed and combined after drilling the
hole, the motion of the machine is reversed and the screw tap is placed in position
by the lever attached to the drill-spindle for entering and tapping the hole without
moving the work. The machine is then reversed for screwing the tap out when
the work is moved for drilling and tapping another hole and so on or the machine
can be constructed for moving to the work if desired instead of moving the work
to the machine. In all cases when required after the holes are tapped the drill
spindle is provided with a stud driver for screwing in stud bolts; when using the
stud driver the machine or spindle is worked in the same direction as when
tapping or screwing the holes and consequently when the studs are screwed home
the springs at the back of the pawls are made to yield to the resistance of the stud
bolts which unships the pawls and thereby causes the upper portion of the spindle
to continue revolving while the lower portion remains stationary as herein before
mentioned when tapping the holes.
By the use of my improvement the same quantity of work in drilling tapping
and screwing in stud bolts can be done in much less than half the time and much
better and with less wear and injury to the tools.
The machines can be constructed to work in a horizontal or vertical position and
the general details of construction varied to suit the position and purposes to which
the improvement is applied:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Morris in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th April
1883.
JOHN MORRIS of Poplar in the County of Middlesex.-IMPROVEMENTS IN
DRILLING TAPPING AND STUDDING MACHINES.
The object of my improvement or machine, is, first to Drill holes, Second
Thread them with an ordinary screwed plug tap and 3rd supply the tapped holes
with screwed stud bolts.
The improvement is applicable to any purpose to which it can be applied but is
more especially intended for drilling tapping and supplying screwed stud bolts to
marine condenser plates, flanges, cylinder ends and other portions of Marine Engine
Work.
The Machine or drill spindle is divided into two main parts but united together
by means of a sliding coupling for transmitting motion and is made to work or run.
in both directions by usually employing two loose pulleys and one tight or driving
pulley and two driving belts and one working straight and the other crossed in
the usual manner for reversing motion or any other known method of reversing
the motion and working the spindle of the machine may be employed. My
improved machine can be attached to and worked by any ordinary drilling or
boring machine provided with means for reversing the motion of the Drill
spindle.
The lower part or half of the Drill spindle is also divided into two parts and
provided with a coupling device for purposes hereinafter mentioned―usually
composed of a flange and boss and united together by a number of screw bolts and
nuts with the bolt heads working in a concentric slot made in the flange or lower
portion of the coupling while the said bolts pass through holes in the buss or upper
portion of the coupling, this coupling is provided with ordinary pawls and springs
to perform the functions of a coupling, the pawls are made to engage in the boss
portion of the coupling and the tension of the springs on the pawls are regulated by a
movable adjustable ring provided with eccentric projections attached thereon to nct
on the back of the pawl springs with the spindle thus provided with an adjustable
pawl or ratchet coupling. When the machine is used for drilling purposes it is
worked in the direction so as to cause the pawls to remain in gear to give positive
motion and power for drilling holes of any required size.
But for tapping purposes the motion of the machine is reversed and the pawls
are then entirely held in gear by the action of the springs on thein and when the
tap has been screwed to the bottom of the hole or to the required distance the
pawl springs yield to the resistance of the taps and thereby cause the pawls to
work out of gear which permits the upper part of the machine or spindle to
revolve without injury to any portion of the mechanism. The motion of the
machine is then reversed for screwing out the tap. Any other known form or
mode of coupling or working the divided lower half of the spindle may be used
whereby a positive motion and power is obtained for drilling purposes and a
yielding or limited resistance or power for tapping purposes and screwing in stud
bolts.
Independent drills and taps are commonly used for the smaller sized holes which
are taken out and replaced in the drill spindle in the usual manner but for the large
holes the drills and taps are constructed to remain attached to the spindle at the
same time.
One method of doing this is by making the tap a portion of the lower part of
the coupling or spindle or attaching it thereto in any known suitable manner and,

page_text: making a longitudinal slot through the tap for the passage of the drill. The
lower part or half of the spindle is worked by a lever indirectly attached to the
upper portion of the spindle for moving the drill tap or stud driver to or from
their work the end of this lever is usually weighted to counterbalance the lower
part of the spindle.
With the larger drills and taps thus constructed and combined after drilling the
hole the motion of the machine is reversed and the screw tap is place in position
by the lever attached to the drill spindle for entering and tapping the hole without
moving the work The machine is then reversed for screwing the tap out when
the work is moved for drilling and tapping another hole and so on, or the machine
can be constructed for moving to the work if desired instead of moving the work
to the machine.
In all cases when required after the holes are tapped the drill spindle is provided
with a stud driver for screwing in stud bolts when using the stud driver the
machine or spindle is worked in the same direction as when tapping or screwing
the hole and consequently, when the studs are screwed home the springs at the
back of the pawls are made to yield to the resistance of the stud bolts which
unships the pawls and thereby cause the upper portion of the spindle to continue
revolving while the lower portion remains stationary as hereinbefore mentioned
when tapping the holes.
By the use of my improvement the same quantity of work in drilling tapping
and screwing in stud bolts can-be-done.in.much less than half the time and much
better and with less wear and injury to the tools:
The machine.can be constructed to work in a horizontal or vertical position and
the general details of construction varied to suit the position and purposes to which
the improvement is applied.
Reference is here made to the accompanying drawings and letters of reference
marked thereon forming part of this Specification.
Fig. 1. Sheet. 1. is a partial elevation of the drill spindle, and sectional view of
the coupling device for uniting the two portions of the spindle together.
Fig. 2. is an elevation of a portion of the drill spindle and coupling device
showing the lever for elevating and lowering tho screw tap to and from its work.
Fig. 3. is a longitudinal view of the coupling composed of ordinary pawls
and springs for transmitting motion from the upper to the lower portion of the
spindle.
Fig. 4. is a modification of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5. Sheet. 2. represents an ordinary loring or drilling machine composed of
a. bed plate column sliding arm and saddle with my improved drilling spindle
attached.
Fig. 6. is an end view of. the machine
Figs: 7 and 8. are views of the drill top and portion of the coupling
device and
Fig. 9. shows an end view of the counter shafts and belts for giving reverse
motion to the machine represented in Figs: 5 and. 6.
The distinctive feature of my improvement for drilling and tapping, is dividing
the drill spindle into two parts A and B which are fully shown in Figs: 1.2
and 4 Sheet. 1. and united together by a sliding coupling C, this coupling is made
to slide on the A portion of the drill spindle and works on. a feather, d, as shown, to
prevent rotary motion on the spindle. A. The coupling C transmits motion to
the lower part of the spindle B through. ratchet pawls and: springs hereinafter.
more fully described. The spindle A is worked in both directions by means of two.
loose and tight pulleys and two belts one working straight and the other crossed
as represented in Fig. 9. Sheet. 2. according to the usual manner for reversing shaft
motion, or any other known method of reversing the motion and working the.
spindle of the machine may be employed.
When the machine is used for drilling purposes the upper spindle A is pressed
down on the lower half of the spindle B or coupling by, any known feeding device

page_text: attached to the drilling machine. But when the machine is used for screw tapping
or stud driving the lower spindle B or coupling is left free to move longitudinally
by the action of the tap when being screwed in or out at the same time the
spindle B or coupling receives the required rotary motion and power from the
shaft A.
The lower part of the spindle B or coupling is lowered and elevated to its work
for tapping or stud driving by the forked lever H indirectly suspended to an arm
attached to the upper portion of the spindle A by means of the link I as fully
represented in Figs 2 and 6. The forked lever H is usually weighted to counter-
balance the spindle B.
My improved machine can be attached to and worked by any ordinary drilling
or boring machine when provided with means for reversing the motion of the
spindle for drilling and tapping purposes.
In referring to the lower or B portion of the spindle I wish it understood that a
portion of the coupling device may be made to form said lower portion of the
spindle or a spindle may be affixed to the lower portion of the coupling as shown
in Fig. 4. to which the drill and tap can be attached this is only a matter of
structure and does not in the least change the principle of the improvement.
The lower part B of the drill spindle or coupling is also divided into two parts
and provided with a coupling device for working the drill in one direction and the
tap in the opposite direction for purposes hereinafter more fully described.
This coupling is composed of a flange D' and boss C the said boss works on the
spindle A as shown in Fig. and is united to the flange D by means of four
screw bolts and nuts-a, a, a, a,—Figs 1 and 3, the bolt heads are made to work in
a concentric groove or slot made in the flange D and pass up through the boss of
the coupling C as shown.
This coupling is provided with ordinary pawls b, b, and springs c, c, to perform
the functions of a coupling. The pawls bb are made to engage in the boss of
the coupling C and the tension of the springs c, c, on the pawls are regulated
by a movable adjustable ring D provided with projections on its inside to act on
the springs, c, c, and pawls b, b, as fully shown in Fig. 3. with the spindle thus
provided with an adjustable pawl or ratchet coupling.
When the machine is used for drilling it is worked in the direction so as to cause
the pawls to remain in gear to give positive motion and power, but for tapping.
purposes the motion of the machine is reversed and the pawls. b b are then entirely
held in gear by the action of the springs c, c, on them and when the tap has been
screwed to the bottom of the hole or to the required distance the pawl springs yield
to the resistance of the taps and thereby cause the pawls to work out of gear which
permits the upper shaft A to revolve while the shaft B remains stationary without
doing injury to any portion of the mechanism. The motion of the machine is then
reversed for screwing out the tap Any other known form or mode of coupling for
working the lower half of the spindle or drill and tap may be used whereby a
positive motion and power is obtained for drilling purposes and a yielding or limited
resistance or power for tapping purposes and screwing in stud bolts.
Independent drills and taps are commonly used for the smaller sized holes which
are taken out and replaced in the drill spindle in the usual manner but for large
holes the drills and taps are constructed to remain attached to the spindle at the
same time.
Figs: 1. and. 2. Sheet. 1. show a modified construction of the tap and drill connected
with the machine. The tap ƒ is made cup shaped to fit on the lower end of the
coupling or spindle as represented and is held to the spindle by set screws as shown
in Fig. 2. the tap is split or provided with a slot through its entire length for
the passage of the drill P which is made flat at its lower end as represented when
the hole is drilled the drill P is elevated and the machine reversed and the tap fis
placed in communication with the hole for tapping by the lever H and without
moving the work and when the tap has been screwed to the required depth the
springs o, c, in the coupling yield and the pawls b, b, are thrown out of gear which

page_text: permits the spindle A to revolve without injury to the machine, the machine is
then reversed to unscrew the tap as hereinbefore described preparatory to drilling
or tapping another hole. Or supplying the hole tapped with a screwed stud by
the use of an ordinary stud driver attached to the spindle.
saine,
Having described the nature of my improvement and manner of working the
what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by letters Patent is :-
1. In a drilling machine dividing the spindle into two parts A and B and uniting
them together by the coupling C or its mechanical equivalent as represented and
for purposes hereinbefore described :-
2 In a drilling machine dividing the spindle into two parts A and B and 1
coupling them together in combination with means for working the spindle in both
directions one motion for drilling and the other for screw tapping as hereinbefore
described and represented.
3 In a drilling machine the coupling C provided with pawls b, b, springs c, c,
and adjustable ring d as represented or their mechanical equivalents for transmitting
positive power from the upper spindle A for drilling holes, and limited or adjustable
power for screw tapping as described in the foregoing specification.
4 In a drilling machine the lever H as constructed and indirectly connected with
the shaft A and united with the coupling C as represented for elevating or lowering
the tap to its work as hereinbefore described.
5 Providing the tap of secured to tho lower end of the spindle B or coupling with
a longitudinal slot for the passage of the drill P so that the tap and drill may be
used as required without removing either of them from the machine as represented
and herein before described.
In Witness whereof I the said John Morris have hereunto set my hand and 2
seal this twentieth day of April in the year of our Lord 1883