IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR METHOD EMPLOYED PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION ED FOR DEPILATING HIDES OR SKINS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Conyers, of Headingley, and Joseph
Pullein, of Kirkstall, both near Leeds, in the County of York, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR METHOD EMPLOYED
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Conyers and
Joseph Pullein at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th December 1874.
We, EDWIN CONYERS, of Headingley, and JOSEPH PULLEIN, of
Kirkstall, both near Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR
METHOD EMPLOYED FOR DEPILATING HIDES OR SKINS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREFOR," to be as follows :—
The object of our Invention is to depilate or remove the hair from
hides or skins in a much shorter time, with less labour and injury to the
hides or skins, than by means hitherto employed, all as hereafter
described.

page_text: Our Invention is applied after the usual "softening" process, and
instead of throwing the hides or skins one on the top of the other in the
liquid (which causes unequal action of the liquid on the hides or skins)
we provide a framework within the pit, and across the pit we attach to
the framework any required number of rails. These are placed in such t
a position that when the pit is properly filled with liquor they are below
the surface thereof. On these rails the hides or skins are hung, by
which arrangement the whole of each of the hides or skins is subjected
evenly to the action of the liquor.
In order to keep the liquor thoroughly mixed we leave in the tank 1
any required number of open spaces, in which spaces a suitable plunger
or agitator may be arranged, motion being given thereto from suitable
motive power, or when more convenient hand labour may be em-
ployed for agitating purposes.
EG
"
For the purposes of hastening the operation we provide a steam pipe |
within the pit for raising the temperature of the liquid, the temperature
being varied in accordance with the nature of the hides or skins.
The liquid is composed of a solution of lime water and a small quantity
of caustic lime. Other ordinary ingredients when required may be used
in the process.
The hides or skins are left in the pit until the hair can be easily
removed, which takes from twenty-four to forty-eight hours instead of
about a fortnight, as in the old process.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edwin Conyers and Joseph Pullein in the Great 2
Seal Patent Office on the 7th June 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWIN
CONYERS, of Headingley, and JOSEPH PULLEIN, of Kirkstall, both near
Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suç-

page_text: cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Edwin Conyers and Joseph
Pullein, Her special licence that we, the said Edwin Conyers and
Joseph Pullein, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Edwin Conyers and Joseph Pullein, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR METHOD EMPLOYED FOR DEPILATING HIDES OR
SKING, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Edwin Conyers and Joseph Pullein, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
one of our or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edwin Conyers and Joseph
Pullein, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon, that is to say :-
The object of our Invention is to depilate or remove the hair from
hides or skins in a much shorter time, with less labour and injury to
the hides or skins, than by means hitherto employed, all as hereafter
described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
On Sheet 1 Fig. 1 is a plan of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a transverse
section through A, B, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a longitudinal section
through C, D, Fig. 1, Sheet 1.
Our Invention is applied after the usual softening process, and instead
of throwing the hides or skins one on the top of the other in the liquid
(which causes unequal action of the liquid on the hides or skins). a is
a pit in which we fix framework or beams b. On the framework or
beams are carried any required number of rails c, which are either
attached thereto or held at the required distance apart by the pins d.

page_text: Invention; but what we do claim and desire to be secured to us by
Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The arrangement, construction, and application of rails c
and beams or framework 6 for suspending the hides or skins, substantially
as and for purposes herein set forth.
Secondly. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the
various parts forming the means or method for depilating or removing
the hair from hides or skins, substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Pullein, for myself and
on behalf of the said Edwin Conyers, have hereunto set my hand
and scal, this Fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.