IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TERRY AND CUT PILE FABRICS
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
POOLE, of the Patent Office, London, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventeenth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-six, in the tenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Moses Poole, my exors, admors,
and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TERRY
AND CUT PILE FABRICS," communicated to me by a certain foreigner residing
abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
Moses Poole, shall cause a particular description of the nature of the said.
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Moses Poole, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described. and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):

page_text: Heretofore in manufacturing terry and cut-pile fabrics where wires are
used it has been usual to employ hand looms wherein the whole of the
operations are effected by the workman by his feet and hands. It has,
however, been proposed to employ power looms for manufacturing terry and
cut pile fabrics where wires are used, and Inventions for that purpose have
been secured by Letters Patent, and it has been proposed under such Letters
Patent to cause the power looms to be so arranged that the whole of the
motions of the looms and for introducing the wires shall be carried on by
power; but this mode of weaving terry and cut pile fabrics where wires are
used has not so far as I am informed come into general or any practical
use.
Now this Invention consists of applying power to power looms in such
manner that the motions of the loom will stop when the shed has been opened
for receiving a wire, the object being that the weaver may no longer have the
heavy labour of giving the requisite motions to the loom by his feet and
hands at the same time, leaving him simply the overlooking of the loom and
the performing of that part of the weaving process which consists of intro-
ducing the wires and of cutting them when cut pile fabrics are being made;
and when terry weavings are being made the weaver superintending a loom
may withdraw the wires, but it is believed that it will be more convenient to
have a second person to draw the wires from the fabrics made by several
looms. The mechanism for carrying out the Invention may be variously
arranged, but I believe that the same will be best accomplished by giving
motion to power looms by friction surfaces, and it is by such means that
the looms now in use constructed according to the Invention are put in
motion. The power looms are to be harnessed and arranged for weaving
carpets or velvets or such like fabrics, such harnessing and arrangement,
however, separately forms no part of the Invention. On to the main or
driving shaft of the loom is affixed a drum, its periphery being covered with
leather or other matter for adding to the surface friction as is well understood;
and it should be understood that I make no claim to giving motion to looms
by friction surfaces, nor do I confine myself thereto so long as the requisite
stopping for putting in the wires by hand be obtained. The drum on the
axis of the loom has a recess formed therein, and such drum receives motion
from another friction roller or drum on the driving shaft, which receives
motion from a steam engine or other power, such second mentioned drum
constantly revolving with its axis in the same direction. The drum on the
main or driving shaft or axis of the loom is to be so proportioned in respect
to the second mentioned drum or friction surface that gives motion thereto,

page_text: that, in one revolution of the drum on the axis of the loom, the loom may go
through all its motions, and then the recess in the drum is to come in such a
position that the loom will stop when the shed has been opened for receiving
a wire. The workman will then introduce a wire into the open warp, and
then by a lever, acted on by hand or by a foot, give motion to the axis of the
first mentioned drum so as to move it a short distance round, and so that the
periphery of the first mentioned drum or friction surface, where there is no
recess, will come in contact with the constantly moving drum or friction
surface actuated by the steam engine or other power and the loom will again
be caused to go through its motions by power, the workman being relieved
of so much of the working of the loom as is performed by power. By these
means of manufacturing terry and cut pile fabrics that part of the labour
which can be advantageously done by power, as contrasted with the muscular
effort of a workman by his hands and feet, is so effected, whilst the less
laborious part of the manufacture, that of introducing the wires, and which
it is exceedingly difficult and costly to perform by machinery, is done by the
person attending the loom.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention and the manner of
performing the same, as communicated to me from abroad, I would have it
understood that what I claim is, the so applying power to a loom when
weaving terry or cut pile fabrics when wires are used that the loom may stop
when the shed is open for the introduction of a wire.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.