IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1886

page_text: I, HUGH CHRISTIE PATERSON of No. 12 Waterloo Street, Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Merchant Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements applicable to steam boiler and
other furnaces, has for its object the better consumption of fuel in such furnaces
and consists in a special arrangement and application of apparatus for injecting
steam or steam and air thereinto.
In order that my said Invention may be properly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1, is a longitudinal section of part of a steam boiler, the furnace of which
is fitted with apparatus constructed according to my present Invention.
Figure 2, is a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3, is a front elevation of the same with the furnace door and frame
removed.
Figure 4, is a horizontal section of part of a steam boiler, the furnace of which is
fitted with a modified arrangement of apparatus constructed according to my
present Invention.
In fitting up a furnace with my present improvement in the manner represented
at Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the annexed drawings, I support the pipe a, in the bridge b,
and arrange the said pipe with its open end presented towards the front of the
boiler c, that is to say, projecting forward below the furnace bars d. The pipe a,
at the back of the bridge b, is bent upwards and is there, again, so bent as to repass
through the bridge to the front side thereof and at a level above that of the furnaco
bars d, the said pipe a, is laid along one corner of the furnace and extends to the
front thereof. At this point, namely close at the back of the furnace door frame e,
the pipe a, is curved upwards in the manner shewn more particularly at Figure 3,
and at its upper end is screwed into the side of the casting f, the bell-shaped mouth
of which is presented downwards towards the back part of the furnace. The
front or forward end of the casting f, is screwed for the reception of the rear-
ward screwed end of the casting g, by the engagement with which, the upper end
[Price 8I

page_text: of the pipe a, and its connected casting f, are rigidly secured in position against the
back of the door frame e. The casting g, is connected by the steam pipe h, with
the steam chest i, the said pipe being provided with the valve j. The casting g, is
also connected to the pipe k, and cock 1, (Figure 2) for the drawing off of the
condensed water, while the inner or rearward end of the said casting g, terminates
in the jet m, the forward end being provided with the screwed plug n, by the
removal of which a wire may be inserted for cleaning the said jet.
By the admission of steam through the jet m, heated air is drawn in through the
pipe a, from below the furnace grate d, and in its passage through that part of the
said pipe a, which passes through the furnace, the air becomes very highly heated
prior to its being finally discharged 'through the bell-shaped mouth of the casting f,
into the furnace.
I desire it to be understood that the arrangement of apparatus as hereinbefore
described may be regarded as in its abstract form and that the said arrangement is
therefore capable of being modified in many ways without departing from the
essential features of this Invention. As examples of such modifications there may
be enumerated the following:—
First. The pipe a, extends from the bridge b, to the front of the boiler c, that is
to say, in the manner indicated in dotted lines at Figure 1, or the said pipe a, may
pass backwards from the furnace front along one side of the furnace, either above
or below the grate d, thereof and crossing the said furnace at the front of the
bridge b, either above or below the grate d, or at the back of the said bridge and
returning towards the furnace front either above or below the said grate d. At
any desired part of its length the pipe a, may be brought from the under to the
upper side of the grate d, by removing one or a portion of one of the furnace bars
thereof.
Secondly. The pipe a, in place of extending backwards to and being supported
by the bridge b, in the manner herein before described with reference to Figure 1 of
the annexed drawings, may extend backwards to and be supported by the bearing
bar o.
Thirdly. In place of employing a steam jet in the manner hereinbefore described
for causing the induction of air there may be used a jet of air supplied from any
outside air blast as may be desired; or a jet of hot air from any outside source may
be blown directly through the casting f, on to the furnace without necessitating or
in addition to the pipe a. The injection into the furnace of highly heated air alone
or highly heated air admixed with steam may be rendered automatic and simulta-
neous with the opening of the furnace door p, by connecting the said door p, by
any of the well-known methods, with the valves which regulate the flow of such
air or steam, while by the application of other well-known controlling apparatus
the length of time occupied in the closing of such valves may be regulated
at will.
Fourthly. The air-injecting apparatus hereinbefore described may be duplicated,
that is to say, in each furnace there may be used two such sets of apparatus. As
an example of such an application, I have represented at Figure 4, a furnace
provided with two pipes a, one of which passes from one to the other side of the
furnace at the back of the bridge b, and the second pipe a, crosses the furnace at
the front of the bridge b, and below the furnace grate d. Under this last
mentioned arrangement the bell-shaped mouths of the castings f, cause the heated
air to be discharged in directions inclining from the sides of the furnace towards
the centre thereof.
Lastly. The construction of the apparatus hereinbefore described is obviously
such as renders it applicable for burning petroleum or other liquid hydro-carbons,
and I desire it to be understood that in place of the blower hereinbefore described
any other form of blower may be employed for injecting steam direct from a boiler,
or it may be superheated steam; or if desired natural induction of the air may be
provided for by omitting the before mentioned blower and constructing the other
parts of the apparatus proportional to the requirement of such application,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the apparatus for
injecting a jet or jets of highly heated air aloue or highly heated air admixed with
steam, into steam boiler and other furnaces all constructed and operating sub-
stantially as and in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth with
reference to the annexed drawings or the mechanical equivalents of all or any of
such parts.