Improvements in Sand-molding Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1893-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sand-molding Machines.
I, ABRAHAM L. TEETOR, Consulting Engineer, of 516 North New Street,
Indianapolis, in the County of Marion, and State of Indiana, United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly descrii ed and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to an improvement in molding apparatus and more
particularly to a sand molding machine, the object of the invention being to
provide means for clamping and holding the pattern plate.
A further object is to provide means whereby the anti-friction rollers on which
the cross head of the machine moves, will be protected from sand etc.
A further object is to produce improved bales for supporting the flask while the
frame which contains the same is being rotated, and to produce improved means
for manipulating said bales.
A further object is to provide efficient devices for preventing the improper
operation of the standard of the table, during the operation of packing the flask.
With these objects in view the invention consists in certain novel features of
construction and combinations and arrangements of parts as hereinafter set forth
and pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved molding machine.
Figure 2 is a view of the devices connecting the lever for manipulating the
standard and table, with said standard.
Figure 3 is a view illustrating the hood which covers the rollers at the ends of
the cross head.
Figure 4 is a section on the line -x of Figure 5.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the clamp which holds the pattern plate.
Figure 6 is a view illustrating the gearing for operating the bales.
Figure 7 is an enlarged side elevation of the bale center 33, disks 27, casing 12*
and handle 17.
Figure 8 is a section through the frame at the point where the bale centers are
journaled.
Figure 8, is a sectional view showing the employment of the disk 19.
Figures 9 and 94 are views illustrating an auxiliary disk employed for excluding
dust from the pinions 14, 15.
Figure 10 is a view of the bale center.
Figure 104 is an end view of one of the bale centers.
Figure 10B is a side elevation of one of the bale chucks.
Figure 11 is an illustration of the spring disks 27.
Figure 12 illustrates the arrangement of the hand lever 17 and shaft 16.
Figure 13 is a perspective view of the operating lever.
Figure 14 illustrates the clutch.
Figure 15 is a view of part of the main upright of the machine with a spring
stop 38 secured to it.
Figure 16 is a separate view of the standard.
Figure 17 is a separate view of the jarring mechanism.
Figure 18 is a view of the link and lever mechanism.
A, A represent the main uprights of the machine, connected together in
proximity to their base by means of an inverted U-shaped housing or casting B, the
frame thus formed being provided with rollers or wheels C, C' which are preferably
arranged one at one end and two at the other end of the machine. Made on the

page_text: inner faces of the uprights A, A', are flanges or guides 1 on which anti-friction
rollers 2, carried by a cross head D, are adapted to run. Secured to and carried
by the cross head D is a hood 3 provided with spring scrapers 4 and 5, which are
made of brass or other suitable metal, the scrapers 4 being adapted to rest against
and keep clean guides 1 and the scrapers 5 being adapted to bear against the anti-
friction rollers 2 at the ends of the cross head. The center of the housing or
casting B is provided with flanges 7 on which anti-friction rollers 8 carried by
brackets E carried by the cross head are adapted to run. Mounted on top of the
brackets E is a table or platform 8" adapted to support the bottom board 9 of the
flask during the filling of the next flask.
The bracket E is also provided with a hood E for the rollers 8; also scrapers 10
to act on the guides or flanges 7 and scrapers 11 to act on the wheels 8.
Mounted on the uprights A, A', is a revoluble frame F, and located at the sides
of this frame are casings 12 to which are connected in proximity to the ends of the
frame F, bales G; said casings 12 having covers 12" and being adapted to carry devices
whereby to manipulate the bales, which devices will now be specifically described,
reference in this connection being particularly had to Figures 6 and 7. Three
pinions 13, 14, 15, are located on each side of the machine in the casings 12, the
pinions 13 being secured on each end of a shaft 16, this shaft being located trans-
versely in the frame F passing through casings 12, and having secured thereto at
outside of the casing, the operating handles 17, as shown in Figures 1 and 7.
Pinions 14 and 15 being movably mounted on fixed pins 26.
Secured to one face of each pinion 14, 15, are eccentric hubs 28 for a purpose
presently explained.
The casings 12 inclose these gears so that the sand is effectually excluded from
them, and a disk 19, Figure 9, being placed on pinions 14, 15, and secured thereto
so as to revolve with the same. This disk is only required when the eccentric on
the pinion is so large that its extreme side extends in line with or beyond the
bottom of the teeth of the pinion, as in that case the openings through the casing
through which the eccentric extends would necessarily be so large that the sand
could get through by it and the pinion teeth. Formerly the handles 17, were held
by set screws only, but owing to their liability of slipping this manner of attaching
the handles to the shafts 16 was unsatisfactory. To avoid this defect, clutches 20
are formed at the end of the hub of pinion 13 and similar clutches 21 on handles 17
to engage therewith and on each end of the shaft 16, there is a flattened section or
recess 22, Figure 12, and a block 23 in the handle 17 to engage therewith and but
one set screw 24 is used in each handle simply to retain the handle. This arrange-
ment causes the pinions 13, 14, 15, to remain in proper relative position at all
times. These pinions 13, 14, 15, are adapted to engage the teeth of a rack bar 25
which extends nearly from one end of the frame at each side thereof in casing 12.
The bales G are carried by the eccentrics of said pinions 14, 15.
The bale centers 33 of the bales G are each made with an opening 33 adapted
to be mounted movably on eccentric 28 and an annular flange 33" surrounding this
opening. A saucer shaped spring disk 27 is placed on the annular flange 335 and
over the opening 33*, said saucer shaped spring plate being made with perforations
33 for the accommodation of screws or pins 28*. The screws or pins 28 pass
through the perforations in the spring plate 27, into the eccentric hub 28 on the
pinions 14, 15. By this means it will be seen that the bales G are connected with
the eccentrics on the pinions by means of the frictional contact of the spring plate 27
on the annular flanges 33 of the bale centers 33. By now operating the handle 17
all the bales will be operated simultaneously so as to impel said bales forward until
they meet the resistance occasioned by their coming in contact with the bottom board 9
of the flask. By providing the pinions 14, 15 with eccentric hubs 28 and connecting
the bales with these center plates, it will be seen that as the bales will approach
and strike against the bottom of the flask their forward motion will be stopped
when the eccentrics being revolved still further will draw the bales very tightly.
The bale centers are each provided with an inwardly projecting flange or

page_text: shoulder 30 adapted to engage a groove 30* in the bale chuck 31, which latter is
provided with set screw 32 adapted to secure the bale in the chuck 31.
By this construction the bales may be readily placed in position and adjusted.
The journal of the frame F is provided with a wheel 35, which furnished with
two handles 36 located diametrically opposite each other, and pivotally connected
to said handles are latches 37 which are alternately forced by springs (not shown)
into engagement with a keeper or stop 38 on the upright A. This keeper or stop 38
is preferably made of metal, having a spring section 38 and is secured to the upright
by a bolt 39. The keeper or stop 38 is provided with a recess 40 at its lower end
and with two laterally projecting guards 41 at either side of said recess upon which
the inner ends of the latches in the handles 36 of the hand wheel 35 slide and drop
into stop 40 to retain the revolving frame F in a proper position or level. It has
been found in practice that the employment of a rigid stop was not practical on
account of its stopping the revolving frame, carrying the pattern, too suddenly, so
that the mould was not unfrequently injured by the abrupt stoppage. The stop 38
is provided with a lug 42 projecting inwardly by the side of the rib of the upright
and adapted to be pressed against said rib by the spring section of said keeper 38
with a pressure sufficient to keep the revolving frame sufficiently rigid during the
process of moulding, it being necessary that there should be a certain initial pressure
or strain in said spring to keep the stop from swaying at such time.
Carried by the revoluble frame F at each side thereof are clamps 43 adapted to
receive and hold the pattern plate 44. These clamps all being identical in con-
struction; a description of one will suffice for all. The casing 43 of this clamp is
secured to the frame by screws 46 so that a vertical adjustment of the pattern plate
may be made to accommodate the difference of cope and drag flasks as will be often
necessary as some patterns will extend far out from the plate on one side and but
little ways on the opposite side of the plate, that is, the pattern may be entirely
in the drag and little or no depth in the cope so these clamps may be set up or
down from the center line of the machine to accommodate such differences as seen
in Figure 8, the screw 46 is placed at one edge of the frame so that if the clamp is
removed entirely and turned bodily over, its jaws at 47 are thrown still further
from the center of the machine. The adjustable jaw 47 is secured and adjusted by
means of screw 48 passing through a dog 49 and bearing on the inclined shoulder 50,
the teeth 52 of the dog engaging with the reversed teeth 51, on the inner face of
the said jaw thus the jaw 47 may be placed against the pattern plate of whatever
thickness as shown in dotted lines, Figure 4, and the dog brought into engagement
with the teeth in said jaw and the screw turned against shoulder 50, the inclination
of which causes the dog 49 to be forced into engagement with said jaw and retain
it firmly.
A wheel 53, is loosely mounted on one journal of the revoluble frame F. It has
pivotally connected to its rim at 54 an anchor-shaped double cam lever its middle
arm reaching to the center of the wheel and terminating at its free end in a
fork 55, the two arms of which reach, preferably, to opposite sides of the hub of
wheel 35. This double cam lever has its two lateral arms of the same size and
shape, each forming a pallet, 56, adapted to follow closely the contour of the cam
wheel 57, which is preferably corrugated on its periphery. Thus it will be seen
that when the wheel 53 is rotated on its axis, carrying with it the double cam lever,
the wheel 57 remains stationary, being in this case secured to arms of wheel 35 said
lever is oscillated rapidly upon its axis, causing the prongs 55 to strike sharply
from either side against the hub of wheel 35, jarring the journal of the frame F,
and the pattern, and loosening it in the sand.
A lever 58 is secured at one end of a short transverse shaft 59, on which are
mounted contracting springs 60, and an arm 61, to which is movably attached at 62,
a curved link 63, which is attached to a lever 64. This lever 64 is pivoted to the
casting B at its outer end and has connected to its inner end at 65 a link 66 which
is connected to plate 68, which may be secured to or be integral with the cross-
head D. Secured to the frame of the machine is a sector 69 having a curved

page_text: laterally projecting flange 70 smooth and equal in size so that a hardened steel
grip piece 71 (Figure 14) having a clamping or biting surface in recess 72, may
act equally at all times or at any point.
The grip or pawl 71 is pivotally connected to the lever 58 by means of a pin 73
and is provided in its upper end with a V-shaped recess 74 for the reception of the
similarly shaped lower or forward end of a lever 75, which latter is pivotally connected
to the lever 58 by means of a pin 58. A spring 76 is secured at a point between its
ends to the pawl or grip 71 by means of an adjusting screw 77, said spring bearing
at one end against the pawl 71 and at the other end against the lever 75, thus
tending to cause the pawl 71 to bite against the flange 70. From this construction
and arrangement of parts it is clear that when the lever 75 is grasped by the hand
of the operator the pawl or grip 71 will be released from its biting contact with the
flange 70, so that the lever 58 can be manipulated to raise or lower the table.
When lever 58 is released the spring 76, held and adjusted by a screw 77, bears
on underside of said pawl and lever 75 at points so as to bring this lever back to
normal position and causes the pawl to pinch on the semi-circular flange 70 and
securely lock the table against any further downward movement and the greater
the strain downward brought by the weight of the flask on the table 8 the harder
does the frictional pawl pinch said flange. The use of this stop or holding apparatus
is more necessary in larger machines because in the process of drawing the bales
on the uppermost flask when and whereby the lower flask is released there is an
occasional slight giving down of the table which is very apt to injure the mold as
there has been so far in the process no jarring of the pattern by the jarring
mechanism. Again sometimes a very heavy mold is produced owing to slender and
deep patterns and if the springs 60 were set up strong enough to support such
flask the table might and would not unlikely be automatically elevated at an
improper time.
The machine operates as follows:
One of the latches 37 is brought into engagement with the stop 38, that the
revolving frame and pattern plate may assume a fixed horizontal position. Now
suppose that there is no flask on the machine and that the bales G are in a reversed
position as shown in Figure 1. A flask is placed in position on the pattern plate 44
with its pins projecting through said plate. The flask is then filled with sand and
tamped or rammed in the usual manner and a board 9 placed thereon, and the
bales G drawn, the table being at its lowest position. The latch 37 is then released
from the catch 38 and the revolving plate turned upside down, when the latch 37
in the opposite handle will be brought into engagement with the catch 38 and the
table elevated by lever 58, through the intervening mechanism, until the table
bears firmly against the board 9 beneath and under the flask as shown in Figure 1.
Another flask matching the one now beneath is set upon the plate. The second
flask is filled with sand, tamped, covered with another board 9 and the bales
drawn, at the same time being withdrawn from the flask beneath. Now to
withdraw the lower flask from the pattern, a few rapid turns are given in either
direction to the wheel 53, to which is pivoted the double cam lever, which is rapidly
oscillated through its engagement with the cam 57, and being adapted to strike
sharply against the hub of the wheel 35 sets up a series of rapid vibrations, and the
strokes coming as they do from all sides towards the axis of the revolving frame a
general tremor permeates this entire section of the machine, freeing the sand from
the pattern, and after this tremor is set up and before it ceases, the table is lowered
with the flask which is removed, then the operation repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. In a molding machine, the combination with a revolving frame, and a pattern
holder, of sectional bales pivotally connected to said frame, and means for adjusting
one section in relation to the other, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 2. In a molding machine, the combination with a revoluble frame and pattern
plate, of a shaft mounted in the frame, pinions journaled in the frame, sectional
bales and frictional devices for connecting said pinions and bales to cause them
to turn together and means for transmitting motion to said pinions, substantially as
set forth.
3. In a molding machine, the combination with a revoluble frame and pattern
plate, of casings in said frame, pinions mounted in said casings, eccentrics carried
by said pinious, bales mounted loosely on the eccentrics of said pinions, a rack bar
in said casings with which said pinions are adapted to mesh, a spring disk secured
to the eccentrics and adapted to bear on the bales, and means for reciprocating the
rack bars and thereby operating said pinions simultaneously to manipulate the
bales, substantially as set forth.
4. In a molding machine, the combination with a revoluble frame and a pattern
plate, of casings carried by said frame, pinions mounted in said casings, sectional
bales carried by the eccentrics on the pinions, means for adjusting one section of the
bales in relation to the other, a common rack bar adapted to mesh with said
pinions, another pinion mounted in the casings and a handle secured to the shaft of
the last mentioned pinion, said pinion being also adapted to mesh with said rack
bar, substantially as set forth.
5. In a molding machine, the combination with a revoluble frame, and a pattern
plate, of pinions carried by said frame, bales carried by said pinions, a common
rack bar with which said pinions are adapted to mesh, another pinion adapted to
mesh with the rack bar, a clutch carried by said last mentioned pinion, a handle
mounted on the shaft of said last mentioned pinion, a clutch carried by said handle
and adapted to mesh with the clutch on the pinion and a set screw for securing said
handle and shaft together, substantially as set forth.
6. In a molding machine, the combination with a frame, and a pattern holder,
of a movable cross-head, anti-friction rollers carried by said cross-head and adapted
to ride on flanges on the frame of the machine and a hood adapted to cover said
rollers, substantially as set forth.
7. In a molding machine, the combination with a frame, and a pattern holder,
of a cross-head, anti-friction rollers carried by said cross-head and adapted to run on
flanges on the frame of the machine, a hood for said rollers and scrapers for said
rollers, substantially as set forth.
8. In a molding machine, the combination with the main frame, of a cross-head,
anti-friction rollers carried at the ends of said cross-head and adapted to ride on
guides or flanges on the main frame, a hood for said rollers, scrapers adapted to
scrape the rollers, and scrapers adapted to scrape the guides or flanges, substantially
as set forth.
9. In a molding machine, the combination with the main frame and a cross-head,
of brackets projecting from said cross-head, rollers carried by said brackets, guided
on the frame to receive said rollers, a hood for said rollers and scrapers for said
rollers, substantially as set forth.
10. In a molding machine, the combination with a revoluble frame, of a wheel
carried by the journal of said frame, latches carried by said wheel, and a yielding
stop for said latches carried by the main frame, substantially as set forth.
11. In a molding machine, the combination with a revoluble frame, of a wheel
carried by the axle of said frame, latches carried by said wheel and a yielding stop
secured to the main frame, said stop being provided with lateral arms and a notch
with which said latches are adapted to engage, substantially as set forth.
12. In a molding machine, the combination with a pattern plate holder, a movable
table, a shaft, a spring secured at one end to the frame of the machine and at the
other end to the shaft and a connection between said shaft and the movable table,
of a lever secured to said shaft, a segment, a pivoted clutch or pawl adapted to
engage said segment, spring for maintaining said pivoted clutch or pawl in frictional
engagement with the segment, and a finger bar having a pivotal engagement with
the clutch or pawl for manipulating it, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 13. In a molding machine, the combination with a frame and a pattern plate, of
a sliding plate having teeth, a flange projecting from said sliding plate, a frame
for supporting the sliding plate, a dog having teeth to engage the teeth of the
sliding plate and a screw passing through said dog and adapted to bear on the
latter said frame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
14. In a molding machine, the combination with a frame and a pattern plate,
of a clamp for said plate, said clamp consisting of a frame having an inner beveled
edge, a toothed sliding plate having a jaw or flange at one edge thereof, a dog
having teeth to mesh with the teeth of said plate, and a screw adapted to pass
through said dog and bear at its end against the inclined or beveled edge of the
frame, substantially as set forth.
15. In a molding machine, the combination with a pair of double-acting adjustable
bales of a series of pinions, eccentrics carried on said pinions, the central sections
of said bales journaled on said eccentrics, clutches adapted to engage loosely in
each end of said central section and set screws adapted to adjustably hold the
transverse section of the bales, in said clutches, substantially as set forth.
.
· Dated this 6th day of May 1893.
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for Applicant.