Improvements in or relating to Apparatus Applicable for Poultry Raising.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 7th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus Applicable for Poultry
Raising.
I, THOMAS WILSON, of 66A Upper Aughton Road, Birkdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Poultry Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object an apparatus and practically a new system of raising
poultry, beginning with the laying of the egg and ending with the fattening.
The adult fowls are kept separate from the chickens in single or double fowl houses,
preferably arranged to hold twenty-five in each compartment. These compartments
at the front are glazed so as to give plenty of light, with windows that are provided
with shutters which shed the rain when open and close the windows when shut. The
windows are double and hinged together at the bottom so that they are good for
keeping the heat in, and furthermore they can be opened out so as to extend the area
of the house for a foot or two at front, so as to afford dry ground for the fowls to
scratch upon.
Above the windows a ventilator sloping upwards is arranged for entrance of air,
and a second louvre or equivalent vontilator is placed on the roof for an exit
ventilator.
The perches are all well below the course of this air current, so as to keep the fowls
entirely out of draught.
At back the house is preferably divided into four stories; the ground flooring; the
two next above it, laying chambers open by means of holes at front of the interior of
the house, and also having sliding doors in back glazed so that thoy can be inspected.
All these nests are locked by one or at most two bars running the entire length, which
secures them from unauthorized interference. The top chambers, however, are con-
siderably larger and are for stopping fowls from sitting, or for sick fowls, or for
fattening purposes, or for isolation and are contrived with a series of perches or bars
a short distance from the floor so that the fowl is obliged to perch and not lie down.
This is found a very effective apparatus for curing hen fever.
On the ground floor there is a series of sliding doors at back, so that troughs and
fountains can be inserted. The fountains are arranged with a conical top and wires
projecting therefrom to an even height so as to form legs when the fountain is reversed,
and so that the fowls cannot perch on it; or, in place of this, the top can be dished in
and a flat bar placed across it for a handle. The edges of the dish and the bottom
being level so that the fountain can stand the wrong way up.
The fountain is fixed to the drinking tray by a bayonet joint, and the caves of the
fountain project beyond the tray so as to shield the water from becoming foul, or [
sometimes suspend the fountain from the top by a string so as to prevent fowls from
roosting on it and their droppings falling into the water. The troughs are arranged
with telescopic or sliding sides so that troughs for small chickens can be very low,
and the same troughs can be slid out to be fine large troughs for the full grown
fowls.
The eggs from the laying chambers are taken at once to a drying box and thence to
the incubator, which is heated by a lamp and flues therefrom above the eggs, and so
arranged that the lamp and flues can be lifted up by a lid and the eggs then exposed
to view and to be handled. Below the perforated tray containing the eggs, is a baffling
disc, below this a water chamber, round under, and through tubes in which the air
entering the chamber has to pass. The air thus damped mixes with the hot air coming
from above, before reaching the eggs.
The young chickens are brought at once into the nursery, which consists of two

page_text: dormitories separated by a movablo partition. If these are artificially heated, a lamp
is placed in the spare dormitory and the flue extends right through the other compart-
ment, and back to the first, when it is led off to the chimney, or the compartiment
itself becomes the chimney. The compartments are well ventilated at top by means of
holos, with sliding shutters, and each compartment has a window; the window of the
principal dormitory opening out to the side, the window in the spare dormitory where
the lamp is, opening out into a glass covered run, and this window is placed just in
front of the lamp so as to light up the run. In the upper domitory, I may remove
the pipes and place a hen. In either case small outlets are placed for the chickens to
run out and into the glass covered run. I prefer to so arrange the outlets that, if
necessary, they can be opened large enough for the hen to run in and out also. As
the chickens increase in size, the hen and perhaps the heating apparatus, is removed,
also the partition, thus converting the two dormitories into one.
The glass covered run is also well ventilated with holes in the side, and has a sloping
glass roof. It also has small outlets to a large wire covered run.
These runs and the dormitories are so arranged that they can be folded up and
packed into each other, so as to occupy a very small space, and are also arranged with
handles so that the entire nursery and runs can be easily lifted from one position to
another site close by, so as to give fresh grass to the hens. They can also, if desirable,
be placed on wheels for this purpose. A hatchway is left in the wire covered run for
feeding.
From this nursery I usually take the fowls to a fresh house similar to the adult
house, except that it has no nests and isolating chambers until they are full grown.
Dated this 7th day of November 1888.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus Applicable for Poultry
Raising.
I, THOMAS WILSON of 66A Upper Aughton Road, Birkdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Poulty Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object an apparatus and practically a new system of
raising poultry, beginning with the laying of the egg and ending with the fattening
of the fowls.
The invention may be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which
Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the adult house, in transverse section, back elevation
and end elevation respectively.
Figures 4 and 5 are section and elevation respectively (on a larger scale) of a
movable door and its connections such as are employed in the adult house.
Figure 6 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a portion of a similar house
to that shown in Figure 1, but illustrating more clearly how the capacity of the
house may be extended to a certain extent when desired.
Figure 7 is a front view of the structure shown in Figure 6 some of the
extensible parts being closed up.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of an improved drinking fountain for the poultry,
the upper part being detached.
Figure 9 is a plan view of the same.
Figures 10, 11 and 12 are respectively side elevation, transverse section and end
elevation of an improved adjustable feeding trough.
Figure 13 is a front view of the incubator and its connections, parts being
broken away to show the internal construction.

page_text: Figure 14 is a vertical section on the line Figure 13.
Figure 15 is a side elevation of the incubator, showing the position assumed
by the parts while the newly hatched chickens are being transferred to the drying
chamber, as hereinafter described.
Figure 16 is a sectional plan on the line y y Figure 14, parts being also broken
away.
Figure 17 is a plan of the air damping tray employed in the incubator.
=
Figure 18 is a section on the line Figure 13, the incubator being closed.
Figure 19 is a similar section with the incubator shown open.
Figure 20 is a side elevation of the nursery or rearing apparatus, part being broken
to show the interior.
away
Figure 21 is a half end elevation of the same.
Figure 22 is a plan of the same, parts being broken away.
Figuro 23 is a vertical section on the line w w Figure 20.
Figure 24 is an elevation of the opposite end of the nursery to that shown in
Figure 21.
The adult fowls are kept separate from the chickens in single or double fowl houses A,
preferably arranged to hold twenty five in each compartment. These compartments
at the front aro glazed as at A' so as to give plenty of light.
The windows are mado
double or even treble, so as to keep the heat in the house more effectually. The
windows a a' are hinged together at their lower edges (as at a² Figures 1 and 6), and
the inner portion a is hinged to the side of the house at a³ as shown. By this arrange-
ment tho windows a a¹ may be opened out (as shown in Figures 1 and 6) so as to
extend the area of the house for a short distance and afford dry ground upon which the
fowls may scratch or take a dust bath. The windows a a' may be supported in their
open position by side pieces at which are also by preference glazed. These pieces or
windows may each be hinged at their vertical edges to the house as at as, and when
closed they may fold against the window al as in Figure 7, or back against the sides
of the house as in Figure 3. The house may be still further extended by hinging
additional windows to the outer edges as of the windows a', or to the outer edge of the
window a¹. The latter window may be dropped into the vertical position so as to
close the front of extended part of the house, or the said front may be left open, the
window a¹ forming simply a glazed roof. The windows are provided with a hinged
or other shutter a which covers them all when in their closed or folded positions, and
serves also to shed the rain.
Above the windows there is placed a ventilator B, Figure 1, which is arranged for
the entrance of air and slopes upward as shown. A second ventilator B', preferably
a louvre, is placed on the roof for an exit ventilator.
The perches C are all placed well below the course of the air current, so as to keep
the fowls entirely out of draught.
At the back the house preferably divided into four stories; the first being the
ground floor A³, which is provided at the rear of the house with a series of sliding
doors a. These may be arranged in a manner similar to those of the laying chambers
hereinafter described and they are adapted for the introduction of feeding troughs,
drinking fountains etcetera, as well as for giving facilities for cleaning the interior of
the house.
The two next floors above the ground floor consist of laying chambers D, which
open into the interior of the house as shown, and are at such a height that the fowls
can readily get into them from the perches C. The chambers D are each provided at
the back with a door d which is glazed as at d', so that the chamber may be inspected
without opening the door. The doors of each row of chambers may slide upon a bar d²
as shown, or they may each be hinged to the bar, being secured at their upper edges
by buttons Figure 4. All the doors may be locked in the following manner to
secure them from unauthorised interference. A bar d passes through each row of
chambers in proximity to the doors, and is provided within each chamber with a short
arm or projection d' which engages with a notch Figures 4 and 5, or other equiva-
lent device on the back of the adjacent door in such a manner that the latter cannot be

page_text: slid sideways. Each bar d has attached to it, on the exterior of the house, an arm d
Figure 3, which may be provided with any suitable locking device. Or the two arms
may be connected by a lover or handle do, which may itself be securely locked as at dº.
By unlocking and raising the lever, the whole series of doors are simultaneously
unfastened. If desirable all, the doors in each row may be connected together by a
lath, so that they may be moved as a whole. In this case only one locking arm d
would be needed to each row:
The top or fourth story of the adult house consists of a series of chambers E of a
larger size than the laying chambers D). The chambers E are adapted for stopping
fowls from sitting or for sick fowls, or for fattening purposes, or for isolation, and
they are contrived with a series of perches or bars ee at a short distance from the
floor of the chamber so that the fowl is obliged to perch and not lie down. This is
found a very effective apparatus for curing brooding fever. These latter chambers are
each provided at the rear of the house with a movable door e, and all these doors
(as well as the lowest row of doors a³) may, if desired, be locked in a similar manner
to the doors d of the laying chambers.
The form of drinking fountain which I prefer to employ is shown in Figures 8 and 9.
The upper portion F or fountain proper is made separate from the lower portion F',
or drinking tray, and is so arranged and of such a form that it can be readily detached
therefrom, and placed in an inverted position upon its upper end as hereinafter
described.
The central portion of the tray is separated from the exterior annular
portion by a circular partition within or around which the lower end of
the fountain is placed, being secured to the tray in a detachable manner by
means of one or more bayonet joints. One or more holes are provided
near the lower edge of the fountain, and are adapted, when the latter has been
attached to the tray, to register with a similar hole or holes therein, whence
the contents of the fountain may flow into the tray. In the arrangement shown
in the drawing, the annular space of the tray is divided by radial partitions
into four compartments, two of which f¹f communicate with the fountain by the
holes, and serve for drinking purposes, while the other two f2 serve as
feeding troughs. In this case it is necessary to place the fountain inside the
circular wall. To re-fill the fountains, the top parts F are first detached from
the trays and placed in an inverted position. They are then filled, the trays are
again secured to them, and the whole again turned upside down, when the water
runs into the tray.
Each fountain may be provided with a turndown handle f which is mounted
upon a cross bar fo secured within the dished top 10, so that it does not prevent
the fountain from standing level when inverted. If desired each of the fountains
may be provided with a conical top so that the fowls cannot perch upon it. In
this case, wires are attached to it and project from it to an even height so as to
form legs for the fountain when reversed. The fountain may also be provided
with caves f, as shown in dotted lines Figure 8. These project beyond the tray,
so as to shield the water from the droppings. Or I may attain the same object
by suspending the fountain from the top end by a string, and thus proventing the
fowls from roosting on it.
The feeding troughs may be constructed as shown in Figures 10 to 12. G is
the trough, of V or other suitable shape in cross section, and having its end
walls extended both upwardly and laterally. G₁ is a pent roof placed over the
trough and provided with end walls g¹ which are adapted to slide upon the end
walls of the trough, so that the height of the roof may be adjusted according
to the size of the chickens or fowls. The sides of the trough are formed of two
pieces, the upper and inner pieces being adapted to slide upon the lower and
outer pieces forming the trough proper. By this means the lips of the troughs
may be placed very low to suit small chickens, or at a greater height so as to
accommodate full grown fowls. The sliding sides and the adjustablo roof G¹
may all be held in position by the four bolts y³ which slide within the tubular

page_text: lips of the trough and are adapted to pass through holes in the end walls of
the trough, and through corresponding holes in the end walls of the roof.
Each entire trough may be fitted with a handle 9.
The eggs from the laying chambers or nests D are taken at once to any con-
venient box or egg chamber having a suitable and even temperature, and thence
they are transferred as required to the incubator which is shown in Figures 14
to 19.
Tho
In the incubator the eggs are placed within a chamber H upon and in
Tho
direct contact with a perforated tray h which is preferably of metal.
chamber His heated to the required temperature by means of a lamp J or other
suitable controllable source of heat located on the exterior of the incubator.
heat is conveyed from the lamp directly to the top of the chamber H and above
the eggs by means of flues H2, whence the hot air and gases are discharged in a
manner hereinafter described.
K' is
Fresh air enters the incubator from the exterior through one or more openings K,
cach provided with a controlling slide & Figures 13 and 14.
Thence the air passes up
through a series of tubes ¹, which are open at their upper ends or are provided thereat
with a series of perforations. The tubes are located below the perforated tray h,
and each one is provided at its upper end with a deflecting or baffling disc k².
a water tray supported upon the bottom of the incubator by studs k³.
the chamber surrounds the tubes k', and the discs k² are placed close to the surface of
the water, so that the air issuing from the tubes is moistened to the required degree
prior to passing through the tray and the eggs lying thereon.
The water in
The hot air and gases from the flues H2 pass, by an opening H³, into a tank or
chamberlying directly below a drying box H' hereinafter described. From the
tank the hot air and gases are led by pipes 2 to one or more pipes h³ or a coil of
pipes, passing through the chamber below the water tray K' and so arranged that the
fresh air entering the said chamber at K is heated before reaching water in the tray K¹
or the
eggs on the tray h. The air and gases after passing through the pipes h³ may
be allowed to escape at any suitable point. is a series of ventilating holes in the
sides of the chamber H.
His a closed drying chamber at the top of the incubator into which the chickens,
as soon as they are hatched, are put till they are dry and ready to be transferred to
the nursery hereinafter described. The chamber has a perforated bottom and is
heated by radiation from the heating tank .
It will be seen that with the above described arrangement a very great economy
of heating power and expense is effected. The lamp being on the exterior of the
incubator can be readily adjusted, changed or refilled without opening or otherwise
disturbing the apparatus. The heat is transmitted directly from the fines to the top
of the eggs without the employment of any troublesome and expensive hot water
arrangement. The waste heat from the flues is first utilised in the tank h¹ to keep the
drying box H always warm, and is then passed below the water tray K', and serves,
not only to keep the water therein warm, but also to heat the air entering at the
opening K, and to a certain extent to dry said air.
By means of the arrangement of the tubes k, discs and water tray K', assisted
by the controllable air entrance K and the heating pipes /³, I am enabled to maintain
a much more constant and equable supply of moisture to the eggs on the tray h, than
can be had by any other incubator hitherto known to me.
The egg tray h may be placed at various distances from the flues H' by simply
inserting strips or blocks of different thicknesses below it. This is a great advantage as
some kinds of eggs require more heat than others and a certain amount of variation in
the quantity of heat received by the eggs can thus be effected without interfering
with the constancy of the heat supply. I am also enabled by placing one or more
portions of the tray at different levels from the nest to hatch two or more kinds of
eggs at the same time. Or I may place several trays cach having legs of different
lengths upon the tray h.
In order that the newly hatched chickens may be readily and rapidly transferred

page_text: from the hatching chamber H to the drying chamber H, and in order that the eggs
in the chamber H may be readily inspected or handled, the latter chamber is con-
structed in such a manner that the whole or a part of it may be withdrawn, pushed
aside, or lifted up. For example the lower half of the chamber (containing the
perforated tray) could be formed as a drawer to be drawn outwards as in Figure 15.
Or the entire top portion of the incubator comprising the flues, lamp, etcetera, may be
made to slide bodily backwards upon the lower portion, the waste heat pipes /² being
made flexible or extensible for this purpose. Or the said top portion may be hinged
at its rear edge as at Figures 14 and 15, so that it may be lifted upwards by a
handle. The movable portion may be counter-balanced by a weight h² whose
suspension cord passes over a pulley ho, Figure 13, at the rear of the incubator and
is attached to the front of the said top portion as shown in Figure 15.
The following arrangement may be employed for maintaining the drying
chamber H in a horizontal position during the tilting of the upper part of the hatching
chamber H-The drying chamber is hinged at its front edge as at i to the movable
portion of the incubator below it, while its rear edge is hinged or otherwise movably
connected as at with the upper end of a link ². The lower end of the link is upheld
by a cord which passes over suitable guide pullies and is attached at its opposite
end to the front of the hatching chamber as at . As the latter chamber is opened
and raises the front side of the drying chamber H, the pull of the cord also raises
the link and elevates the rear side of the drying chamber to a similar extent, so that
the said chamber is maintained at all times in an approximately horizontal position"
and does not require to be lifted off the incubator away from the heat.
The lamp and its attachments are also arranged in such a manner that the lamp will
remain in a vertical position and in direct cominunication with the flues during the
aforesaid movement of the hatching chamber H. To this end the lamp is suspended
by suitable hangers from a rod which is placed directly above the centre of the
lamp and projects from the side of the hatching chamber at a convenient distance
above the flue entrance h¹º. The suspension eyes of the hangers are made
of a considerable width as shown in Figures 18 and 19, so that they may
have sufficient lateral play upon the rod. The heat is conducted to the flue
entrance by a T-shaped connection J having a funnel shaped stem which is
placed over the lamp as shown, and surrounds the greater portion of its chimney.
The horizontal portion of the T-piece J' is mounted within a closed tubular extension j³
of the flue entrance, so that it is capable of an oscillatory movement in a vertical plano
parallel to the side of the incubator. To permit the funnel to oscillate with the
lamp during the movement of the chamber H, the side of the tubular extension³ is
cut away for a certain distance as at * Figures 18 and 19. A portion of the funnel is
preferably hinged as at j' or otherwise made detachable, to permit of the ready
removal of the lamp chimney. 2 is a web of flexible material which expands bellows-
like when the top part of the incubator is raised and prevents the outside air from
entering the space below the drying chamber H' and cooling the latter.
It will thus be seen that whether the incubator is opened by withdrawing the tray
like a drawer or by pushing back or lifting up the top portion of the apparatus, the
drying chamber H₁ does not need to be removed, it is always kept at the same ovon
temperature, and the lamp is always in its upright position and in direct communica-
tion with the flues and the rest of the heating devices.
Any ordinary kind of lamp will do for the purposes of heating, but I prefer the
improved reservoir lamp set forth in my patent specification No. 14027 of 1889,
whereby I am enabled to obtain a more constant and regular flame.
devices either automatic or otherwise may be employed for controlling the temperature
Any suitablo
in the various parts of the apparatus.
When dry, the newly hatched chickens are transferred to the nursery or rearing
apparatus, the construction and arrangement of which may be understood by
reference to Figures 20 to 24. L L are two dormitories or compartments which
are separated by a movable partition 1, so that the relative sizes of the compart-
ments may be changed as the chickens grow larger. If the compartments are to

page_text: he heated by artificial heat, it is preferable to place a lamp M in the spare
dormitory or heating compartment L'. The heat from the lamp is conveyed by a
fue m into a heating coil m² placed at a suitable height in the adjacent compart-
ment or dormitory L. After passing round the coil m' the heated gases return
by the pipes m³ m³ into the heating compartiment L'. Thence they pass to the
outside by a flue m' and chimney m³. The flac m is made telescopic, as shown,
so that it can adapt itself to the varying positions of the partition 1.
depending portion of the said flue is disconnected as shown from the pipe m³
below, so that the sloping roof of the compartments which is hinged at 1 may
be raised when desired without disturbing the heating arrangements. If desired,
the chimney m³ and flue m' may be dispensed with, and the products of combus-
tion allowed to escape from the compartiment L' through a suitable opening in
the side thereof.
Also the
The compartments are well ventilated at the top by means of holes m² m² Figures 23
and 24. The holes me open into a glass covered run N hereinafter described. The
holes m open to the exterior of the nursery and may each be provided with a shutter,
but it is preferable to control them all simultaneously by one sliding shutter m having
corresponding holes, which may be covered with wire netting to prevent the entrance
of rats. is a sliding glazed door whence access may be had to the dormitory for
cleaning purposes, etcetera, and through which the chickens may be inspected at all
times. is a glazed opening through which the lamp may be inspected. 15 is a
window placed at the back of the dormitory on a level with the lamp. When the
partition is in its central position as shown, one half of this window admits light from
the glass covered run N into the rearing compartment L while the other half admits
the light of the lamp into tho said run. 12 is a window through which light from the
lamp may pass into the compartment L. This window serves to facilitate the inspec-
tion of the chickens at night. The compartment Lis also provided with a window 13
at its side remote from the run. 110 are openings which admit the chickens into the
run. They are each provided with sliding doors and may be of different sizes to suit
different sized chickens, so that the latter when very small need not be unnecessarily
exposed to the draught of a large opening.
When the chickens are very small, I may still further reduce the size of the
dormitory, and so, to a certain extent, increase the temperature therein, by placing
in it a horizontal partition immediately above the heating coil m'. The partition
may be provided with a window and a portion of it may be hinged to the rest as
at lo
The covered run N is provided with a glass roof n n¹ and is well ventilated by
holes which are protected by wire gauze. Tho part n of the roof is a fixture, but
the parts n' can be slid backwards or thrown upwards to give more ventilation, being
guided by or hinged to the bars n³. The openings formed by the sliding or turning
back of these movable parts are protected by a covering of wire netting, not shown
in the drawings.
The rear wall of the glass covered run N is provided with a sliding door n³ which
opens into a large wire covered run P hereinafter described. The said rear wall is
hinged at its upper edge as at n and also at about the middle of its height as at n', so
that it can be folded backwards either partly or as a whole, when it is desirable to
make the two runs into one.
As the chickens increase in size and become more hardy, the heating apparatus and
the partitions may be removed and the two compartiments L L' turned into one.
The rear wall 10 of the compartments, being hinged at ", may also be turned upwards
against the roof so as to make one compartment of the run N and dormitories.
The large wire covered run P is preferably made to form part of the same structure
as the run N and the compartments L L'. The two main parts p p of the wire covered
roof are hinged together as at p' for convenience of packing and also for giving access
to the interior. 2 are small hinged hatchways employed for feeding purposes.
The sides of the wire covered run are preferably formed of grooved and tongued
boards to provent the wind from entering. The sides are also made of a sufficient

page_text: height to protect the chickens or half grown fowls from the wind, and at the same
time to afford at least one shady side where they may be out of the direct rays of the
sun. It is preferable to attach a row of sharp spikes to the lower edge of the walls
and penetrating into the ground, as by this means vermin, such as rats, weasels, etcetera,
are kept from entering the run by burrowing. In very stormy weather a water proof
covering may be provided for the wire covered run.
p3 p3 are two handles by means of which the entire structure may be lifted from one
site to another so as to provido fresh grass for the fowls or chickens. By throwing
back the parts of the roof upon their hinges p a person is enabled to stand
within the run and grasp a handle p³ with each hand, one person being thus sufficient
to remove an ordinary sized structure. Or the latter may be moved from place to
place as desired by providing it with wheels. These may be made adjustable in a
vertical direction and may be connected with any suitable device by which they may
be raised, when the structure is in the required position, so that it may rest firmly on
the ground.
The runs and dormitories are preferably so arranged that they may be folded up or
taken easily to pieces, whereby they may be packed into a very small space. Tho
whole may be held together by suitable tie bolts or stays, but it has not been thought
necessary to show these as they form no part of the invention.
From the nursery described above, I usually take the half grown fowls to an inter-
mediate house similar to the adult house shown in Figures 1 to 7, except that it has
no nests 1) or isolating chambers E, and in this house I keep them until they are full
grown.
I wish it to be understood that by the word "poultry" employed herein, I do not
mean merely what are generally known as "barn-door fowls," but I use the word to
signify all kinds of birds capable of being reared in an artificial or domestic manner,
such as fowls, geese, ducks, turkeys, pigeons, pheasants, partridges or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In an apparatus for poultry raising, the combination of parts forming a compact,
well lighted and well ventilated adult house such as herein described, in which the
nests, accessible from the exterior, are placed above the level of the floor in a convenient
position with respect to the perches, while the latter are so placed that the fowls
roosting thereon are well out of the way of the draught of the ventilating device,
substantially as described.
2. In a fowl house such as herein described, the arrangement of double folding
windows, whereby the heat may be more effectually retained in the house, and the
latter may be readily provided, when desirable, with an extended covered area, sub-
stantially as described.
3. In an apparatus for poultry raising, the employment of an isolating chamber
provided with a grid of perches or bars such as e upon which the isolated fowl is
obliged to pereh, substantially as and for the purposes described.
4. The improved drinking fountain for poultry in which an inverted reservoir or
"fountain" such as F is secured in a detachable manner to a shallow drinking tray
such as F and is provided at its lower end with suitable supply orifices, whereby the
level of the liquid in the tray may be maintained, substantially as described.
5. The improved adjustable feeding trough for poultry constructed as a whole
substantially as described and shown, and for the purpose specified.
6. In an apparatus for poultry raising, the combination of parts forming an incubator
such as herein described, in which the eggs are placed within a heated chamber upon
and in direct contact with a perforated and preferably metallic tray or trays, through
which fresh air is permitted to ascend in a regulated quantity, after being warmed
and after being moistened to the required degree in its passage over the surface of a
water bath within or in proximity to the incubator, substantially as described.
7. The arrangements, substantially as described, whereby the incubating chamber is

page_text: heated directly from above by means of flues leading from a lamp or its equivalent,
located on the exterior of the incubator, the wasto heat is utilised for warming the
fresh air previous to its introduction into said chamber, and the heating operation
proceeds uninterruptedly whether the incubating chamber is open or closed.
8. In an apparatus for poultry raising, the combination of parts forming a portable
nursery or rearing apparatus, in which a heated extensible dormitory communicates
with a small glass covered run through which access may be had to a large wire covered
open-bottomed run, any one of the above spaces being adapted to be shut off, as
desired, from the space or spaces adjoining, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
9. In an apparatus for the rearing of young chickens, a chamber or dormitory
divided by a vertical adjustable partition into two compartments L L one compart-
ment L' containing a lamp or other source of heat, and the other compartment L
adapted to contain the chickens and to be heated by a series of pipes leading from the
lamp in the adjoining compartment, whereby the size of the compartment I may be
enlarged and its temperature thereby reduced as the chickens increase in size, substan-
tially as described.
Dotal thin cah 1.
1
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.