Improvements in or relating to Multiple Telegraph Apparatus.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd July, 1897
1000
LOU
1000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Multiple Telegraph Apparatus.
We, JULES DAUMARIE and ABEL LOUIS DOIGNON, of 95, Boulevard Beaumar-
chais, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to a new system of multiple telegraph, that is to say to
a new system enabling several telegraphic apparatus to be placed in communica-
tion by means of a single wire.
The apparatus which are thus placed in communication by means of a single
wire, are Hughes apparatus such as used at present in France by the administra-
tion of posts and telegraphs, or similar instruments.
These apparatus are not altered for the purpose of multiple connection, a cor-
rector only being added to each apparatus in order to make it synchronous with
its corresponding distributor.
When once the apparatus has been started, the operator acts exactly as if he
had before him an ordinary apparatus, that is to say he need not maintain a cer-
tain time in operating as with the apparatus of Baudot or Munier.
In the example illustrated in the accompanying drawing it has been assumed
that the system according to the present invention is applied to a quadruple instal-
lation, that is to say that there are four stations at each of the ends of the line.
In this case the present system comprises as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7
representing all the apparatus at one end of the line.
1. Four ordinary Hughes' apparatus 1, 2, 3, 4, each being provided with an
electro-corrector.
2. Four relays corresponding to the Hughes' apparatus.
3. A correcting-relay.
4. A distributor.
The current from the line enters the distributor which transmits it to the desired
relay, the latter becomes operative and closes the circuit of a local battery for the
corresponding Hughes' apparatus. This local current arriving at the apparatus
at the moment when the type-wheel is operative allows one letter to be printed.
Immediately after this impression has been made the electro-printer closes a local
circuit, called the relay-resetting circuit, and the relay returns into its original
state ready to receive a new current. In other words, when receiving the current
the distributor distributes the current coming by the line to different relays the
function of which is to close local circuits for corresponding Hughes' apparatus.
The purpose of the electro-corrector will be hereinafter described.
For sending the current, the relays of the transmitting station are useless, the
Hughes' apparatus sends the current directly to the distributor of the transmitting
station and as this distributor is in synchronism with that of the receiving station,
the current arrives at the distributor of the receiving station where it produces the
effects described above.

page_text: invention.
Details of different parts constituting the apparatus according to the present
invention will now be described and afterwards a special example given of trans-
mission and receiving.
In the description reference will be made to the accompanying drawings repre-
senting by way of example, an installation according to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a detail-view of the correcting wheel and of the blade maintaining
correction in the distributor.
Fig. 2 is a view of the whole showing the relation between the corrector and
the correcting wheel.
Fig. 3 is a side view showing the correcting mechanism in the distributor.
Fig. 4 is a section of the distributor showing the way in which the rims are
connected.
Fig. 5 shows in detail the connection of the pinion of the correcting wheel and
of the driving wheel H.
Fig. 6 shows the construction of the distributor.
Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the electric connections of the apparatus.
Fig. 8 is an elevation of one of the relays shown in section in Fig. 9.
Fig. 10 is a plan and Fig. 11 an underside view of the same.
Fig. 12 shows in detail the corrector mechanism applied to each Hughes appara-
tus and maintaining synchronism between the latter and the distributor.
DISTRIBUTOR.
The distributor is, as is well known, the apparatus enabling several apparatus
to be placed in communication with a single wire. The distributor according to
the present invention is movable unlike those employed in other multiple tele-
graph apparatus. The distributor comprises a drum on which are mounted
five metallic rims or crowns insulated from each other.
1. A crown A divided into twenty-eight equal sectors A¹ connected with one
another by a second crown L called the line-crown, said sectors being in communica-
tion with it. This crown of the distributor is in contact with four double
brushes 1, 2, 3, 4, arranged respectively at the ends of wires 1° 2° 3° 4, which are
connected respectively to the four Hughes apparatus 1, 2, 3, 4. One of the sectors
of the first crown is reduced in length to about a half and the suppressed half is
brought on to the third crown of the distributor.
2. A crown L with which the brush 1 is in contact, arranged at the end of
the line l.
3. A crown C called the correction-crown on which rests the brush 8b arranged
at the end of the wire 8° which terminates at the correcting relay 8°. The latter
is thus placed in communication with the line each time that the brush 8b passes
over the half of the sector of the crown A, placed on said crown C.
4. A double crown F, the first crown of which is connected to the battery 9" by
means of a brush 9b and which is also connected to a sector inserted in the second
crown from which it is insulated. This second crown is in contact with four
brushes 1b 2b 3b 4b respectively connected to four electro-correctors 48 which main-
tain each Hughes apparatus in synchronism with the distributor. While the
distributor is rotating, the brushes 1b 2b 3b 4b will successively pass over the sector
connected to the crown of the battery 9" and the electro-correctors 48 will thus be
successively actuated.
These
5. A double crown R R C, called the correcting relay resetting crown.
two crowns are insulated from each other except at a sector r (Figs. 6 and 7). On
one of these crowns touches a brush 10 connected to a battery 11 and on the other
is a brush 12 connected to the correcting. relay Sc so that, when the two brushes
which are parallel pass over the sector r, the correcting relays will be returned
into their position of rest by the closing of the circuit of the battery 11.

page_text: 2.
3.
"
4.
5.
correction-crown.
"
"
"
line-crown.
"
"
33
F
وو
RRC
"
"
"
وو
وو
electro-corrector-crown.
relay-correcting-resetting-crown.
The different parts constituting this distributor will now be described with refer-
ence to Figs. 1 to 5.
The distributor is mounted in a casing constituted by two plates A' and B'
(Fig. 3) say of bronze the distance between the two being maintained by four iron
cross-pieces. The drum A2 carrying on its external surface the crowns just
described is hollow and comprises a central partition A³ dividing the drum into two
separate chambers. The drum A2 is loose on its spindle, while the wheel H is fast
on said spindle. This wheel being actuated by, say, a weight-motor arranged
On this
under the distributor causes the spindle of the distributor to rotate.
spindle is keyed another wheel H¹ (Figs. 3 and 5) engaging with a pinion h mounted
on an auxiliary spindle carrying a toothed-wheel h¹. This toothed wheel in its
turn engages with a pinion h² mounted on another auxiliary spindle passing
through an opening in the central partition A3 and carrying at its end a 10-pointed
star h In one of the cavities of this star between two of its points or teeth is
placed a roller h5 held in position by a spring secured to the inner wall of the
drum A².
Supposing that the wheel H rotates, then the wheel H¹ will also rotate and as
it engages with the pinion h, the latter will have a tendency to turn about its own
axis; this is however impossible as long as the roller engages with the correcting-
star wheel. The result will be that the pinion will describe a revolution about
the wheel H' causing the drum A8 to rotate about its axis, as the auxiliary spindles
carrying the pinions and h² are secured by brackets to the central partition A³
of the drum A. This is the way in which the distributor drum is caused to rotate,
which rotation would continue indefinitely in an absolutely regular and uniform
manner if correction had not to be taken into account. The correcting current
serves to retard the movement of the distributor if the latter is in advance. With
reference to Fig. 6 and supposing that the contact of the crown C is opposite the
brush 1, the latter will then be in contact with the black insulating portion and
will have no connection to the line, whereas the correcting brush 8b will be on
that portion of the crown C which communicates with the crown L or line-crown.
If at this moment a correcting contact is transmitted it will arrive directly to the
correcting relay 8b which will close a local circuit of the electro-magnet D (Figs. 2
and 3); the plate armature d' will be attracted and the rod Craised; the pin at
the end of this rod will cause the correcting-wheel to turn through one tenth of
a revolution, and during this rotation--the movable parts h h h² being able
to rotate about their respective axes-the drum will stop for a very short time.
The weight-motor or the manner in which the brushes are mounted between
the plates A and B need not be described in detail as they may obviously be of
any desired construction or arrangement. The weight-motor must of course be
provided with a speed-governor such as is used in telegraphic apparatus.
RELAYS..
It has been mentioned that the currents from the distributor enter the brushes 1.
2, 3, 4, and from there pass to relays which serve to close the circuit of a local
battery for the corresponding Hughes apparatus. One of these is shown in
Fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11. The relay is polarised and consists chiefly of a horse-shoe
magnet 20 of tempered steel, the polar extremities of which are bent up at a right
angle. On each of the extremities is mounted a plate 21 of annealed soft wrought
iron, provided with a screw 22 with a projecting tempered steel-point. Over it
is arranged a soft wrought-iron armature 23, 24 in which are provided bearings
corresponding to the points 22. One of these bearings-that at the side 24-has
exactly the shape of the point 22 so that on the side 23 the armature rests on the
.

page_text: end of the point 22, while on the side 24 the whole point is in contact with the
bearing.
The armature is constituted by four parts, one of which is diamagnetic.
1. The soft wrought iron part 23.
2. The brass part 25.
3. The wrought iron part 24.
4. The part 26 also of wrought iron (Figs. 8 and 9).
It follows from this that the part 23 is magnetically insulated by the brass
part 25. The magnetism will therefore pass to the extremity of the part 26 which
is placed between the poles 27, 271 of an electro-magnet (Fig. 2). If a current is
passed through the electro-magnet it produces in the latter two poles of opposite
sign and if the armature is polarised, say positively, it is evident that the part 26
of the armature will fall towards the negative pole of the electro-magnet. In order
to attract it to the other pole it is sufficient to reverse the current in these condi-
tions the relay is regulated so as to remain indifferent.
At the end of the part 26 is placed an index or pointer 261 carrying at the top
silver contacts placed between set-screws 28, 28¹ limiting the oscillation of the
pointer.
Regulation is effected by means of a milled-screw 29 the set position of which is
ensured by a spring 30 forming a nut as shown in Fig. 9.
The electro-magnet has two circuits;
1. First circuit wound round the electro-magnet and having the terminal 32
through which the current enters and the terminal 34 through which the current
escapes to earth. The terminal 32 is connected as shown in Fig. 7 to the corres-
ponding Hughes apparatus. This circuit is that through which the currents com-
ing from the line pass:
2. A second circuit or resetting circuit comprises terminal 31 of the electro-
magnet and terminal 35 connected to the local battery 11 (Fig. 7). The relay
when actuated alternately closes and opens a local circuit formed by the battery 11,
terminal 33, relay, terminal 36 and corresponding Hughes apparatus (see Fig. 7).
CORRECTOR MAINTAINING SYNCHRONISM BETWEEN EACH HUGHES APPARATUS
AND THE CORRESPONDING DISTRIBUTOR.
In order
In order that the multiple apparatus may work regularly it is necessary that
the four Hughes apparatus should be synchronous with the distributor.
to attain this result a corrector is added to each Hughes apparatus.
In the ordinary Hughes apparatus the speed is regulated by a vibrating rod
provided with a ball which the operator adjusts by hand in order to maintain his
apparatus in synchronism with the corresponding apparatus. In the multiple tele-
graphy apparatus according to the present invention the regulation of the vibrating
rod of each apparatus is effected automatically by the corresponding distributor.
For this purpose there is added to each Hughes apparatus the following device
(Fig. 12).
On the third movable part 40 of the Hughes apparatus is mounted a cam 40¹
rotating together with it on the spindle and coming in contact at each revolution
with the contact brush 4011 connected by a wire with a brush F 1b (Fig. 7) corres-
ponding to the distributor. (It is F' on the assumption that the Hughes appara-
tus in question is the one marked 1).
Normally, if the Hughes apparatus under consideration is synchronous with the
distributor, it is necessary that the brushes 40 and F1 should be in the position
shown in Fig. 12, the distributor and the movable part 40 rotating in the direction
indicated by the arrow. It will be easily understood that in this position, the
brush 40 ceases to be in contact with the cam 40¹ at the moment when the
brush F commences to come in contact with the portion of the distributor con-
nected to the local battery 9". The correcting mechanism cannot then be actuated.
If, on the contrary, the cam 40¹ is in advance of a sector 47, for instance, the two
brushes F and 401 will be in contact at the same time; one with the portion of

page_text: A current
the distributor connected to the battery 9° and the other with the cam 40', and the
time during which the contact is maintained will be equal to the duration of the
passage of the sector 47 against the brush F: The cam 40¹ is connected to earth
and to the circuit of the electro-magnet 41 terminating at the brush F.
from the local battery 9ª circulates therefore at this moment in the circuit of the
electro-magnet 41, the armature 42 is attracted, whereby the circuit of the local
battery 9 for the electro-magnet 48 is closed. The armature 46 of the latter
electro-magnet is therefore attracted. But this armature is connected to the rod 43
which holds the ball 45 on the vibrating rod 44; when the arniature 46 moves,
the ball also moves, and the speed of the Hughes apparatus is diminished. The
apparatus will remain in the same position as we have just indicated until the
cam 40' releases the armature by acting on its end 421; the apparatus will there-
fore remain in this position during 3 of a revolution of the movable part 40.
The parts described are those which constitute the apparatus for multiple tele-
graphy according to the present invention. Before giving an example the different
connections for a Hughes apparatus will be indicated with reference to Fig. 7.
The contact-piece 1 of the Hughes apparatus is connected to the brush 1 in con-
tact with the ring A of the line, and to the manipulating switch. The contact
piece 2 is connected to the local battery 50 which re-sets the relay.
The contact-piece 3 is earthed, 4 is connected to the entrance of the current into
the corresponding relay, 5 to the entrance of the re-setting current into the cor-
responding relay, 6 to the point at which the local current produced by manipula-
tion of the relay escapes, 7 to the brush F" 1b which has been already referred to.
EXAMPLE OF WORKING.
Let us assume that the apparatus 1 is the receiving apparatus. In Fig. 7 the
corresponding brush moves over the ring or crown A in contact with a sector of
this crown connected to the line-crown. If a current comes at this moment from
the line, it will enter through the brush into the contact-piece 1, from there it
will pass through the switch 51, arranged for receiving, and enter, by the wire 52,
the contact-piece 4, from which it reaches the terminal 32 of the relay; it passes
through the relay and returns through the terminal 34 to earth. The relay is then
operative, the result of which is to send a local current into the Hughes apparatus.
This local current starts from the battery 11, passes through the relay, entering
through the terminal 33 and escaping through the terminal 36, reaches the ter-
minal 6 through the wire 53, traverses the electro-magnet 14 of the Hughes
apparatus, passes to the terminal 3 and returns to the battery 11 through earth.
The electro-magnet 14 of the Hughes apparatus having been actuated by this
letter causes a letter to be printed but at the same time the armature of the electro-
magnet 14 in descending connects the two blades 15 and 16 whereby the relay-
resetting circuit is closed. This resetting circuit is formed by the earth, terminal 3,
blades 15 and 16, wire 54, terminal 31 of the relay, terminal 35 and battery 1.1.
As soon therefore as the blades 15 and 16 come in contact under the influence of
the armature of the electro-magnet 14, the relay is instantly brought back into the
position of rest. All the parts are therefore brought back into their original posi-
tion, and the relay is ready to receive current again.
If, instead of a receiving, the Hughes apparatus in question is a transmitting
instrument, the switch 51 is placed into the transmitting position and the current
The working is
from the Hughes apparatus passes directly into the distributor.
the same as for an ordinary Hughes apparatus.
It remains now to explain how the correcting current is produced by the cor-
recting relay. Assuming that the brush 1 instead of being in the position Fig. 1,
is on the insulated part 57 arranged opposite that portion of the crown L which
penetrates into the crown C. The current from the line will not be able to pass
into the brush 1, but said current will be able to reach the brush 8b which is in
contact with the crown C and which at this moment is on the portion of the
crown C in contact with the crown L. The current from the line arrives there-

page_text: fore through the wire 8 into the correcting relay 8ª and from there returns to
earth. The correcting relay which acts like an ordinary relay closes the circuit
of the electro-magnet D of the battery 11. The electro-magnet D of
the distributor becomes therefore operative, the result of which is to
reduce the speed of the distributor as has been mentioned before. The
correcting relay is regulated so as to be indifferent, it must therefore
be returned into the position of rest. The distributor continuing to rotate, the
two brushes 10 and 12 arrive at the common contact v and a re-setting current
passes through the correcting relay.
It is unnecessary to again describe here how the synchronism between the
Hughes apparatus and the distributor is maintained, the parts used and their
working have been hereinbefore fully described.
Dated this 13th day of July 1897
:
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Multiple Telegraph Apparatus.
We, JULES DAUMARIE and ABEL LOUIS DOIGNON, of 95, Boulevard Beaumar-
chais, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement; -
say, to
This invention relates to a new system of multiple telegraph, that is to
a new system enabling several telegraphic apparatus to be placed in communica-
tion by means of a single wire.
The apparatus which are thus placed in communication by means of a single
wire, are Hughes apparatus such as used at present in France by the administra-
tion of posts and telegraphs or similar instruments.
These apparatus are not altered for the purposes of multiple connection a cor-
rector only being added to each apparatus in order to make it synchronous with
its corresponding distributor.
When once the apparatus has been started the operator acts exactly as if he
had before him an ordinary apparatus that is to say he need not maintain a cer-
tain time in operating as with the apparatus of Baudot or Munier.
In the example illustrated in the drawings accompanying the Provisional Speci-
fication to which reference is hereinafter made it has been assumed that the system
according to the present invention is applied to a quadruple installation, that is
to say, that there are four stations at each of the ends of the line.
In this case the present system comprises as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7
representing all the apparatus at one end of the line.
1) Four ordinary Hughes' or equivalent apparatus 1, 2, 3, 4, each being pro-
vided with an electro-corrector.
2) Four relays corresponding to the Hughes' apparatus.
3) A correcting relay.
4) A distributor.
The current from the line enters the distributor which transmits it to the desired
relay; the latter becomes operative and closes the circuit of a local battery for the
corresponding Hughes' apparatus. This local current arriving at the apparatus
at the moment when the type-wheel is operative allows one letter to be printed.
Immediately after this impression has been made the electro-printer closes a local
circuit, called the relay-resetting circuit, and the relay returns into its original

page_text: state ready to receive a new current. In other words, when receiving the current,
the distributor distributes the current coming by the line to different relays the
function of which is to close local circuits for corresponding Hughes' apparatus.
The purpose of the electro-corrector will be hereinafter described.
For sending the current the relays of the transmitting station are useless, the
Hughes' apparatus sends the current directly to the distributor of the transmitting
station and this distributor is in synchronism with that of the receiving station
the current arrives at the distributor of the receiving station where it produces the
effects described above.
This is in the main the system of multiple telegraphing according to the pre-
sent invention.
Details of different parts constituting the apparatus according to the present
invention will now be described and afterwards a special example given of trans-
mission and receiving.
In the description reference will be made to the drawing accompanying the Pro-
visional Specification representing by way of example an installation according to
the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a detail view of the correcting wheel and of the blade maintaining
correction in the distributor.
Fig. 2 is a view of the whole showing the relation between the corrector and
the correcting wheel.
Fig. 3 is a side view showing the correcting mechanism in the distributor.
Fig. 4 is a section of the distributor showing the way in which the rings are
connected.
.
Fig. 5 shows in detail the connection of the pinion of the correcting wheel and
of the driving wheel H.
Fig. 6 shows the construction of the distributor.
Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the electric connections of the apparatus.
Fig. 8 is an elevation of one of the relays shown in section in Fig. 9."
Fig. 10 is a plan and Fig. 11 an underside view of the same.
Fig. 12 shows in detail the corrector mechanism applied to each Hughes appara-
tus and maintaining synchronism between the latter and the distributor.
DISTRIBUTOR.
The distributor is, as is well known the apparatus enabling several apparatus
The distributor according to
to be placed in communication with a single wire.
the present invention is movable unlike those employed in other multiple tele-
graph apparatus. The distributor comprises a drum on which are mounted
five metallic crowns or rings insulated from each other.
1) A crown A divided into 28 equal sectors A' connected with one another
by a second crown L called the line-crown said sectors being in communica-
tion with it. This crown of the distributor is in contact with four double
brushes 1, 2, 3, 4 arranged respectively at the ends of wires 1" 2" 3" 4" which are
One of the sectors
connected respectively to the four Hughes' apparatus 1, 2, 3, 4.
of the first crown is reduced in length to about a half and the suppressed half is
brought on to the third crown of the distributor.
2) A crown L with which the brush is in contact arranged at the end of
the line l.
3) A crown C called the correction-crown on which rests the brush Sb arranged
at the end of the wire 8 which terminates at the correcting relay Sc. The latter
is thus placed in communication with the line each time that the brush 8 passes
over the half of the sector of the crown A, placed on said crown C.
4) A double crown F, the first crown of which is connected to the battery 9" by
means of a brush 9b and which is also connected to a sector inserted in the second
crown from which it is insulated. This second crown is in contact with four
brushes 1 26 36 4b respectively connected to four electro correctors 48 which main-
tain each Hughes' apparatus in synchronism with the distributor. While the

page_text: distributor is rotating the brushes 1b 2b 3b 4b will successively pass over the sector
connected to the crown of the battery 9 and the electro-correctors 48 will thus be
successively actuated.
These
5) A double crown R R C, called the correcting relay resetting crown.
two crowns are insulated from each other except at a sector r (Figs. 6 and 7). On
one of these crowns touches a brush 10 connected to a battery 11 and on the other
is a brush 12 connected to the correcting relay 8 so that when the two brushes
which are parallel pass over the sector r, the correcting relays will be returned
into their position of rest by the closing of the circuit of the battery 11.
In short the distributor comprises
1) A crown A called the apparatus crown.
2) A crown L called the line crown.
3) A crown C called the correction crown.
4) A crown F called the electro-corrector-crown.
5) A crown R R C called the relay-correcting resetting crown.
The different parts constituting this distributor will now be described with refer-
ence to Figs. 1 to 5.
The distributor is mounted in a casing constituted by two plates A and B¹
(Fig. 3) say of bronze the distance between the two being maintained by four iron
cross-pieces. The drum A carrying on its external surface the crowns just
described is hollow and comprises a central partition A³ dividing the drum into two
separate chambers. The drum A2 is loose on its spindle, while the wheel H is fast
on said spindle. This wheel being actuated by, say, a weight-motor arranged
under the distributor causes the spindle of the distributor to rotate. On this
spindle is keyed another wheel H¹ (Figs. 3 and 5) engaging with a pinion h mounted
on an auxiliary spindle carrying a toothed wheel h. This toothed wheel in its
turn engages with a pinion mounted on another auxiliary spindle h³ passing
through an opening in the central partition A3 and carrying at its end a 10-pointed
star . In one of the cavities of this star between two of its points or teeth is
placed a roller 5 held in position by a spring secured to the inner wall of the
drum A².
Supposing that the wheel H rotates then the wheel H will also rotate and as
it engages with the pinion h the latter will have a tendency to turn about its own
axis; this is however impossible as long as the roller engages with the correcting-
star wheel. The result will be that the pinion h will describe a revolution about
the wheel H causing the drum A³ to rotate about its axis. as the auxiliary spindles
carrying the pinions h and h³ are secured by brackets to the central partition A³
of the drum A². This is the way in which the distributor drum is caused to rotate,
which rotation would continue indefinitely in an absolutely regular and uniform
manner if correction had not to be taken into account. The correcting current
serves to retard the movement of the distributor if the latter is in advance. With
reference to Fig. 6 and supposing that the contact of the crown C is opposite the
brush 1, the latter will then be in contact with the black insulating portion and
will have no connection to the line, whereas the correcting brush 8b will be on
that portion of the crown C which communicates with the crown L or line-crown.
If at this moment a correcting contact is transmitted it will arrive directly to the
correcting relay 8° which will close a local circuit of the electro-magnet D (Figs. 2
and 3) the plate armature d' will be attracted and the rod C₁ raised; the pin at
the end of this rod will cause the correcting-wheel to turn through one tenth of
a revolution and during this rotation-the movable parts h h¹² being able
to rotate about their respective axes--the drum will stop for a very short time.
The weight-motor or the manner in which the brushes are mounted between
the plates A and B¹ need not be described in detail as they may obviously be of
any desired construction or arrangement. The weight-motor must of course be
provided with a speed-governor of such as is used in telegraphic apparatus.
RELAYS.
It has been mentioned that the currents from the distributor enter the brushes 1.

page_text: 3, 4, and from there pass to relays which serve to close the circuit of a local
attery for the corresponding Hughes' apparatus. One of these is shown in
igs. 8, 9, 10 and 11. The relay is polarised and consists chiefly of a horse-shoe
agnet 20 of tempered steel, the polar extremities of which are bent up at a right
gle. On each of the extremities is mounted a plate 21 of annealed soft wrought
on, provided with a screw 22 with a projecting tempered steel-point. Over it
arranged a soft wrought iron armature 23, 24 in which are provided bearings
rresponding to the points 22. One of these bearings-that at the side 24-has
xactly the shape of the point 22 so that on the side 23 the armature rests on the
ad of the point 22, while on the side 24 the whole point is in contact with the
aring.
!
2 3, 4, and from there pass to relays which serve to close the circuit of a local
battery for the corresponding Hughes' apparatus. One of these is shown in
Higs. 8, 9, 10 and 11. The relay is polarised and consists chiefly of a horse-shoe
magnet 20 of tempered steel, the polar extremities of which are bent up at a right
angle. On each of the extremities is mounted a plate 21 of annealed soft wrought
ion, provided with a screw 22 with a projecting tempered steel-point. Over it
i arranged a soft wrought iron armature 23, 24 in which are provided bearings
corresponding to the points 22. One of these bearings-that at the side 24-has
exactly the shape of the point 22 so that on the side 23 the armature rests on the
end of the point 22, while on the side 24 the whole point is in contact with the
bearing.
The armature is constituted by four parts, one of which is diamagnetic,
1) The wrought iron part 23.
2) The brass part 25.
3) The wrought iron part 24.
4) The part 26 also of wrought iron (Figs. 8 and 9).
It follows from this that the part 23 is magnetically insulated by the brass
part 25. The magnetism will therefore pass to the extremity of the part 26 which
is placed between the poles 27, 271 of an electro-magnet (Fig. 2). If a current is
passed through the electro-magnet it produces in the latter two poles of opposite
sign and if the armature is polarised say positively it is evident that the part 26
of the armature will fall towards the negative pole of the electro-magnet. In order
to attract it to the other pole it is sufficient to reverse the current in these condi-
tions the relay is regulated so as to remain indifferent.
.
At the end of the part 26 is placed an index or pointer 261 carrying at the top
silver contacts placed between set-screws 28, 281 limiting the oscillation of the
pointer.
Regulation is effected by means of a milled screw 29 the set position of which is
ensured by a spring 30 forming a nut as shown in Fig. 9.
The electro-magnet has two circuits.
1) First circuit wound round the electro magnet and having the terminal 32
through which the current enters and the terminal 34 through which the current
escapes to earth. The terminal 32 is connected, as shown in Fig. 7 to the corres-
ponding Hughes' apparatus. This circuit is that through which the currents com-
ing from the line pass.
2) A second circuit or resetting circuit comprises the terminal 31 of the electro-
magnet and terminal 35 connected to the local battery 11 (Fig. 7). The relay
when actuated alternately closes and opens a local circuit formed by the battery 11,
terminal 33 relay terminal 36 and corresponding Hughes' apparatus (see Fig. 7).
CORRECTOR MAINTAINING SYNCHRONISM BETWEEN EACH HUGHES APPARATUS
AND THE CORRESPONDING DISTRIBUTOR.
In order that the multiple apparatus may work regularly it is necessary that
the four Hughes' apparatus should be synchronous with the distributor. In order
to attain this result a corrector is added to each Hughes' apparatus.
In the ordinary Hughes' apparatus the speed is regulated by a vibrating rod
provided with a ball which the operator adjusts by hand in order to maintain his
apparatus in synchronism with the corresponding apparatus. In the multiple tele-
graph apparatus according to the present invention the regulation of the vibrating
rod of each apparatus is effected automatically by the corresponding distributor.
For this purposes there is added to each Hughes' apparatus the following device
(Fig. 12).
On the third movable part 40 of the Hughes' apparatus is mounted a cam 40¹
rotating together with it on the spindle and coming in contact at each revolution
with the contact brush 4011 connected by a wire with a brush F 1 (Fig. 7) corres-
ponding to the distributor. (It is F, on the assumption that the Hughes' appara-
tus in question is the one marked 1).

page_text: Normally if the Hughes' apparatus under consideration is synchronous with the
distributor it is necessary that the brushes 401 and F" should be in the position
shown in Fig. 12 the distributor and the movable part 40 rotating in the direction
indicated by the arrow. It will be easily understood that in this position the
brush 40 ceases to be in contact with the cam 401 at the moment when the
brush F commences to come in contact with the portion of the distributor con-
nected to the local battery 9". The correcting mechanism cannot then be actuated.
If, on the contrary, the cam 40' is in advance of a sector 47, for instance, the two
brushes F and 40 will be in contact at the same time; one with the portion of
the distributor connected to the battery 9" and the other with the cam 40, and the
time during which the contact is maintained will be equal to the duration of the
passage of the sector 47 against the brush F¹. The cam 40¹ is connected to earth
and to the circuit of the electro-magnet 41 terminating at the brush F. A current
from the local battery 9ª circulates therefore at this moment in the circuit of the
electro-magnet 41 the armature 42 is attracted whereby the circuit of the local
battery 9 for the electro-magnet 48 is closed. The armature 46 of the latter
electro-magnet is therefore attracted. But this armature is connected to the rod 43
which holds the ball 45 on the vibrating rod 44; when the armature 46 moves
the ball also moves and the speed of the Hughes' apparatus is diminished. The
apparatus will remain in the same position as we have just indicated until the
cam 40¹ releases the armature by acting on its end 421; the apparatus will there-
fore remain in this position during 3% of a revolution of the movable part 40.
The parts described are those which constitute the apparatus for multiple tele-
graphy according to the present invention. Before giving an example the different
connection for a Hughes' apparatus will be indicated with reference to Fig. 7.
The contact piece 1 of the Hughes' apparatus is connected to the brush 1 in con-
tact with the ring A of the line and to the manipulating switch. The contact
piece 2 is connected to local battery 50 which resets the relay.
The contact piece 3 is earthed, 4 is connected to the entrance of the current into
the corresponding relay 5 to the entrance of the resetting current into the cor-
responding relay 6 to the point at which the local current produced by manipula-
tion of the relay escapes 7 to the brush F¹ 1 which has been already referred to.
EXAMPLE OF WORKING.
Let us assume that the apparatus 1 is the receiving apparatus. In Fig. 7 the
corresponding brush moves over the ring or crown A in contact with a sector of
this crown connected to the line crown. If a current comes at this moment from
the line it will enter through the brush into the contact piece 1 from there it
will pass through the switch 51 arranged for receiving and enter by the wire 52
the contact piece 4. from which it reaches the terminal 32 of the relay it passes
through the relay and returns through the terminal 34 to earth. The relay is then
operative the result of which is to send a local current into the Hughes' or equi-
valent apparatus.
This local current starts from the battery 11 passes through the relay re-entering
through the terminal 33 and escaping through the terminal 36 reaches the ter-
minal 6 through the wire 53 traverses the electro-magnet 14 of the Hughes
apparatus passes to the terminal 3 and returns to the battery 11 through earth.
The electro magnet 14 of the Hughes' battery having been actuated by this
latter causes a letter to be printed but at the same time the armature of the electro-
magnet 14 in descending connects the two blades 15 and 16 whereby the relay
resetting circuit is closed. This resetting circuit is formed by the earth. terminal 3
blades 15 and 16 wire 54, terminal 31 of the relay terminal 35 and battery 11.
As soon therefore as the blades 15 and 16 come in contact under the influence of
the armature of the electro-magnet 14 the relay is instantly brought back into the
position of rest. All the parts are therefore brought back into their original posi-
tion and the relay is ready to receive current again.
If, instead of a receiving the Hughes' apparatus in question is a transmitting

page_text: corresponding distributor, this correcting device comprising a cam connected to
earth and mounted on the Hughes' or equivalent apparatus and in contact with a
brush connected by a wire constituting the circuit of an electro-magnet with a
brush in contact with the ring F of the distributor one of the sectors of which is
connected to a local battery the two brushes closing when the synchronism is dis-
tributed the circuit of the battery containing the electro magnet which in its turn
closes the circuit of a second electro magnet the armature of which is connected to
a needle actuating a ball mounted on the vibrating rod substantially as described.
4. In multiple telegraph apparatus of the character described the arrangement
on the armature of the electro-printer of each Hughes' or equivalent apparatus of
a switch closing each time that this electro printer is actuated the circuit resetting
the corresponding relay substantially as described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete dis-
tributor mechanism in multiple apparatus substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete relay
mechanism for multiple telegraph apparatus substantially as described and illus-
trated in Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
7. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete corrector
mechanism for multiple telegraph apparatus substantially as described and illus-
trated in Figure 12 of the accompanying drawings.
+1
BOULT & WADE,.
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: instrument, the switch 51 is placed into the transmitting position and the current
from the Hughes' apparatus passes directly into the distributor. The working is
the same as for an ordinary Hughes' apparatus.
It remains now to explain how the correcting current is produced by the cor-
recting relay. Assuming that the brush 1 instead of being in the position Fig. 7.
is on the insulated part 57 arranged opposite that portion of the crown L which
penetrates into the crown C. The current from the line will not be able to pass
into the brush 1 but said current will be able to reach the brush 8b which is in
contact with the crown C & which at this moment is on the portion of the
crown C in contact with the crown L. The current from the line arrives there-
fore through the wire 8" into the correcting relay and from there returns to
earth. The correcting relay which acts like an ordinary relay closes the circuit
of the electro-magnet 1 of the battery 11. The electro-magnet D of
the distributor becomes therefore operative, the result of which is to
reduce the speed of the distributor as has been mentioned before. The
correcting relay is regulated so as to be indifferent it must therefore
be returned into the position of rest. The distributor continuing to rotate the
two brushes 10 and 12 arrive at the common contact r and a re-setting current
passes through the correcting relay.
It is unnecessary to again described here how synchronism between the
Hughes' apparatus and the distributor is maintained the parts used and their
working have been hereinbefore fully described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim
is:-
1. Multiple telegraph apparatus comprising in each station a number of Hughes'
or equivalent apparatus a corresponding number. of relays correcting relay and dis-
tributor each of the Hughes' or equivalent apparatus of the combination being
provided with an automatic correcting device maintaining each Hughes or equi-
valent apparatus synchronous with the distributor the electric connections between
the different apparatus being arranged so that for receiving the current arriving
from the line to the distributor reaches the desired relay which closes the circuit
of a local battery containing the corresponding Hughes' or equivalent apparatus
the transmission current being on the contrary effected from the Hughes' or equi-
valent apparatus to the distributor the correcting relay closing the circuit of a local
battery containing an electro-magnet controlling the distributor.
2. In multiple telegraph apparatus of the character described a movable distri-
butor the outer cylindrical surface of which is divided into 5 rings a) a ring divided
into 28 sectors connected with the second ring in contact with which sectors are
brushes connected for receiving with the wires for the entrance of currents into the
relays and for transmission with the Hughes' apparatus (b) a ring which is in
contact with a brush connected with the line (c) a ring carrying a sector connected
to the line-ring the first ring being in contact with a brush connected to the wire
for the entrance of the current into the correcting relay (d) a double ring one of
which has a sector engaging with the other and on which ring two brushes act sup-
plying current from a local battery to the electro-magnet of the devices maintain-
ing synchronism between the Hughes' apparatus and the distributor. (e) a double
ring having one sector in common and on contact with two brushes closing the
circuit of a local battery containing the correcting relay in order to return it to
the zero-position the distributor being caused to rotate by means of a motor trans-
mitting motion by means of a series of movable parts on one of which the armature
of an electro-magnet can act in order to reduce the speed of the distributor for the
purposes of correction substantially as described.
3. In multiple telegraph apparatus of the character described the combination
with each Hughes' or equivalent apparatus of a correcting device automatically
maintaining synchronism between each Hughes' or equivalent apparatus and the