IMPROVEMENTS APPARATUS FOR MAINTAINING FOR ANY DESIRED PERIOD, SUBSTANCES OR ARTICLES AT THE TEMPERATURE OF BOILING WATER
Year: 1885

page_text: I, SAMUEL SCHATZKY, of Moscow in the Empire of Russia, Doctor of Medicine
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPARATUS
FOR MAINTAINING FOR ANY DESIRED PERIOD, SUBSTANCES OR ARTICLES AT THE
TEMPERATURE OF BOILING WATER
and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say):-
"
My invention relates to apparatus used for boiling, or for maintaining at a boiling
temperature for as long as may be desired, substances or articles which it is required
to submit to such temperature.
It is found that the use of steam for this purpose is advantageous, as it allows
the required temperature to be readily and easily maintained for any length of
time, with very little variation, and the method hitherto ordinarily employed has
been to generate steam in a separate boiler, and having a certain tension, and to
carry it in pipes to the place where it is to be employed as described.
Where steam is used for the purpose of boiling as described, its effective action
depends upon the readiness with which it is condensed and the large quantity of
caloric which is set free during the process of condensation; and in order therefore
to use the steam most economically for the desired purpose, only such a quantity of
steam as can readily be condensed should be supplied in a given time to the vessel
which is to be heated, and my present invention has for its object novel arrange-
ments of apparatus by which steam of the ordinary tension of the atmosphere only
is used, such steam being generated in the apparatus itself where the boiling
operation is to be carried on.
In the accompanying drawing, which is in illustration of my invention, figures 1,
2, 3, and 4, represent in vertical section different modifications of the improved
apparatus.
Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures.
b is the vessel to be heated which may either be placed entirely inside the
vessel a, as in figures 1, 2, and 4 or its upper part may project, above the exterior
vessel a as shewn in figure 3.
Under the vessel b the vessel a is provided with a partition plate t below which
is the water which is to be vaporized.
The hearth or fireplace c may either be arranged under the vessel a, as in figure 4,
or in the water space, as in figures 1, 2, and 3, through which pass flues or tubes n
which communicate with the chimney f.
The water-space communicates with a water reservoir d provided with cocks k
and . These cocks k and being opened water is supplied through this reservoir d
into the water space till the proper level is attained. As soon as this level which
is situated at the highest point of the horizontal connecting tube from the reser-
•

page_text: voir d, is attained, the water begins to escape through the syphon discharge pipe m
which is fitted in the wall of the vessel a. The cock is then closed, whilst the
cock is left open.
The steam generated by means of the heat developed in the hearth or fireplace c
rises through the pipe p which connects the upper and the lower compartments of
the vessel a and comes in contact with the cold vessel b by which it is condensed.
The pipe p may either be arranged vertically upon the partition t, as shewn in
figures 1 and 3 or conducted through the chimney f, as shewn in figures 2 and 4.
The water formed by condensation of the steam flows back through the small tube 8,
which hangs from the partition t into the water-space.
Steam being lighter than air, the latter will sink down continually in proportion
as the vessel b is heated, until finally it enters through the mouth-piece which is
situated close above the partition t, thence through the channel whence it then
escapes through the pipe o into the open air. The steam which follows takes the
same course as the air and delivers its heat by further condensation to the vessel b.
The channel x may be either arranged as a central pipe in the vessel b, as in
figure 1, or as an interior worm or helical tube in the vessel b (figure 2) or as a
helical tube worm surrounding b (as in figure 3) or as an annular compartment
surrounding 6 (as in figure 4).
As soon as the water sinks in the water space by evaporation below the level u,
some steam will enter the reservoir d so that water is expelled out of the latter until
the level u is again attained. The syphon m makes it impossible for the water.
level u to be exceeded. Also in case the pipe o should be closed, which practically
is never the case, the water would escape through the syphon m and be followed by
the steam, the syphon m thus serving as a safety valve.
The fire in the hearth or fireplace c may be regulated in such way, that the steam
does not escape through the pipe o until it has communicated all its heat to the
vessel b, or in other words, so that only such amount of steam may be generated as
I can be condensed upon and in the vessel b.
I do not confine myself to the precise form, dimensions, and method of arrange-
ment of the several parts of the improved apparatus, which may be varied more or
less to suit different circumstances, but having now particularly described and
ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. The steam-boiling apparatus, having one compartment in which steam having
no tension above the atmosphere is generated, and is condensed upon a vessel
placed in another compartment of the apparatus, and in this way communicates its
heat to the latter vessel, substantially as described and shewn.
2. In a steam-boiling apparatus the pipe p conducting upwards the steam
generated in the water space of the vessel &, in combination with the return-pipe s,
the channel, and the vessel b, substantially as described and shewn in the
drawing.
3. The reservoir d with the cocks and substantially as and for the purpose
described.
4. The syphon m for maintaining the water level u and serving at the same time
as safety valve, substantially as described.