Improvements in Gas Burners.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Burners.
I, WILLIAM THOMAS SUGG, of Regency Street, in the City of Westminster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to what are known as hollow-top flat-flame
burners, but it is also applicable to other flat-flame burners, and also to. Argand
burners.
In the hollow top burner, the gas passage is made with parallel sides, and the
passage opens into a chamber in the rounded top of larger diameter than the
passage, a slit being made in the top of the burner for the gas to issue.
This form of burner often gives an uneven and unsightly flame, and the object
of this invention is to overcome this and other inconveniences.
gas to
pass
In carrying out my invention, I form the passage in the burner leading to the
hollow top of inverted conical shape a hole being formed at the apex, of an area
equal to the area of the gas-issuing slit in the top of the burner.
By this means, I allow only the required amount of
into the passage,
and before it reaches the top it has room to expand, so that it will issue from
every part of the burner slit at an even pressure, and produce a well-shaped
flame of greater illuminating power, it is believed, than the old form of hollow
top.
I may produce an ordinary bats-wing, or a fish-tail burner, in the same way,
with equally good results.
To produce an Argand burner, I form a deep groove in the edge of the annular
burner, with sides tapering inwards to the bottom, and through the bottom of
this groove I pierce holes into the gas chamber. The same effect will be here
produced; the gas will expand on its passage up the groove, and burn at the top
in a steady, well-shaped annulus of flame.
Improvements in Gas Burners.
I, WILLIAM THOMAS SUGG,. of Regency Street, in the City of Westminster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement: -
late chiefly to what
это
known as hollow-ton flat-flame

page_text: burners, but it also applicable to other. flat-flame burners, and also to Argand
burners.
In the hollow top burner, the gas passage is made with parallel sides, and the
passage opens into a chamber in the rounded top, of larger diameter than the
passage, a slit being made in the top of the burner for the gas to issue.
This form of burner often gives an uneven and unsightly flame, and the object
of this invention is to overcome this and other inconveniences, and to ensure
contingent advantages.
In carrying out my invention, I form the passage in the burner leading to the
hollow top, of inverted conical shape, a hole being formed at the apex, of an area
equal to the area of the gas-issuing slit in the top of the burner.
By this means, I allow only the required amount of gas to pass into the passage,
and before it reaches the top, it has room to expand, so that it will issue from
every part of the burner slit at a low rate of speed, and an even pressure, and
produce a well-shaped flame of greater illuminating power than the old form of
hollow top.
I may produce an ordinary bat's-wing burner in the same way, with equally
good results.
To produce an Argand burner, I form a deep groove in the edge of the annular
burner, with sides tapering inwards to the bottom, and through the bottom of
this groove I pierce holes into the gas chamber. The same effect will be here
produced the gas will expand on its passage up the groove, and burn at the top
in a steady well-shaped annulus of flame.
In the accompanying drawing, I have shewn, in sectional elevation, my inven-
tion as applied to a table-top flat-flame burner, at Figures 1, and, at Figure 2, the
same as applied to a Sugg's "London" Argand burner.
As will be seen from Figures 1, I form the lower part A of the burner of conical
or of similar shape leading up to a contracted opening B with parallel sides.
From the opening B the sides of the passage through the burner expand, as seen
at C. The angle of inclination will vary slightly, according to the size of the
burner and the illuminating power of the gas, but generally the inclination may
be said to vary from 10 to 20 degrees from the vertical.
In a burner to be used without a governor, the area of the contracted part B
of the gas passage should be about equal to, or slightly larger than, the area of the
slit in the rounded top, but as it is impossible, from the nature of the tools
employed, to produce the proper form of expansion chamber with such a small
opening, I employ a plug D, to reduce the size of the opening.
When, however, a governor is employed, so that the pressure of the gas to the
burner can be reduced to 2, 3, or 4, 10ths, according to the size of the burner, this
extra constriction is unnecessary, and the size of the opening B, as compared with
the gas slit, may be as 6 to 1, or thereabouts.
In the Argand burner, the conditions are slightly modified, and the length of
the expanding chamber C is increased, and its width in cross section reduced.
In this case, there is no issuing slit, but the gas burns at the outlet of the expanding
chamber.
The same principle is, however, involved, namely to delay the upward move-
ment of the gas, which is effected by the expansion, so that, at the point of ignition,
the velocity is so reduced, whereby the gas is longer in contact with the air, and
more perfect combustion takes place, thus reducing smoke.
A better shaped flame is also ensured, because what pressure there is, is spread
evenly over the whole of the gas slit or opening, and the formation of forks or
points is prevented.
If more perfect combustion takes place, then there is obviously an increase of
illuminating power, as the carbon, instead of being given off in the form of smoke,
is consumed.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A gas burner provided with an expanding chamber in which the gas can
expand so that its velocity is decreased before it arrives at the point of ignition,
as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.
2. A flat-flame gas burner constructed and arranged as herein shown and
described.
3. The application to an Argand gas-burner of an expanding gas chamber, as
shewn and described.
2000