Improvements in the Method of and Means for Facilitating the Spinning of Textile Fibres.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th July, 1895-Accepted, 31st Aug., 1895
Improvements in the Method of and Means for Facilitating the
Spinning of Textile Fibres.
I RICHARD TODD of Heather Bank, Broomfield Road, Heaton Chapel, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My said invention relates principally to improved means whereby spinning frames
of the usual type can be used to spin fine counts of yarn upon the bare spindle of
the ordinary size, instead of requiring to effect such spinning in mules as is at
present the case.
The chief reason why it is found difficult or impossible to spin very fine counts
of yarn upon the bare spindle of the ordinary size, in a ring spinning frame for
example, is that when the yarn extends from the circumference of the spindle to
the traveller, the angle is so slight and the pull so direct that the yarn is usually
broken by the strain. In addition to this direct pull from the bare spindle, fine
counts of yarn, are also liable to be broken from other causes arising from the
unyielding nature of the traveller.
My object is to prevent these breakages. In carrying out my invention I dispense
with the mule and use a frame similar to the ring spinning frame and provide a
lifting rail or part which reciprocates up and down beneath the cop. This lifting
rail or part carries and confines an easy fitting boss, ferrule or eye fitting loosely on
the spindle, and moving up and down with the lifting rail or part, in which by
virtue of its easy fit it is capable of being canted to some extent.
Attached to or formed in one with the said boss, ferrule or eye, there is an arm,
preferably elastic, which clears the cop when of full diameter, and is fashioned
with a guide or eye at the top. The arm is made of sufficient length to take in
the depth of the finished cop. To prevent the arm from flying too far out by
centrifugal force when revolving with the spindle at a high velocity, I may provide
a curb ring carried by the lifting rail or part or by a separate rail or part moving
in unison with the lower rail or part. The yarn is led from the drawing rollers
and is passed through the eye on the upper extremity of the elastic or other arm
on its way to the bare spindle.
To render the elastic or other arm more sensitive to the influence of the yarn,
at high speeds, I may provide a balancing arm on the opposite side of the boss or
ferrule.
When the apparatus is in motion and the building of the cop is in progress the
elastic arm is rotated by the draw of the yarn in the same direction as the spindle
and the yarn is spun and drawn through the eye just as in the case of a ring
traveller. But suppose the yarn to be winding on the bare spindle, or on any part
of the cop, where from the directness of the pull or from other causes a strain
greater than usual is thrown upon the yarn, then, instead of pulling upon an
unyielding object like the ordinary traveller (which only runs with greater friction
and hangs further back the more the yarn pulls upon it) under my improvement,
the yarn pulling on the elastic arm draws the eye or guide close up to the spindle
or other part of the cop circumference and canting the lower boss or ferrule on

page_text: the spindle, binds it thereon or causes it to have more frictional contact therewith
so as to accelerate its speed, so that the eye on the end of the elastic arm offers less
resistance. The winding-on is thus to souie extent retarded and the drawing rollers
have time to feed forward a little more slack, which relieves the strain on the yarn
and prevents what would otherwise inevitably end in breakage. My improvement
might be used in the spinning of coarser yarns as well as in the spinning of the
finer counts.
'Dated this 25th day of October 1894.
E. K.. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
Improvements in the Method of and Means for Facilitating the
Spinning of Textile Fibres.
I RICHARD TODD of Heather Bank, Broomfield Road, Heaton Chapel, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
:-
My said invention relates principally to improved means whereby spinning frames
of the throstle type can be used to spin yarn in a cop upon a bare spindle of the
'ordinary diameter.
The annexed sheet of drawings illustrates my invention and will help to make
the following description more clear and easily understood.
The chief reason why it is found difficult to spin yarn upon the bare spindle of
the ordinary size, in a ring spinning frame for example, is that when the yarn a
extends from the circumference of the spindle b to the traveller e as shown for
example in the diagram constituting Fig. 1 of the drawings, the angle is so slight
and the pull so directly from the centre of the ring and so closely at right angles
to the path of the traveller that the yarn is usually broken by the strain.
addition to this direct pull from the bare spindle the yarn is also liable to be
broken from other causes arising from the unyielding nature and position of the
traveller.
In
My object is to prevent these breakages. In carrying out my invention I use a
frame similar to the ring spinning frame and provide a lifting rail or part d (see
Fig. 2) which reciprocates up and down beneath the cop a. This lifting rail or
part d is fitted with a socket e having a cap el a space being left between socket
and cap as appears plainly in the drawing. The said space in the socket confines
a flange, finger or series of fingers f projecting from the foot of a ferrule or
ring which fits loosely on the spindle 6 and moves up and down with the lifting
rail or part d. By virtue of its easy fit on the spindle and in the socket, the
ring g is capable of being canted to some extent so as to bind on the spindle.
I might however use any other method of loosely supporting and carrying the said
ring so as to allow of free rotary and canting motion. The said ring or ferrule
instead of being of the depth indicated in the drawing might be made shallower,
for example it might consist of a mere ring or coil of wire or of a ring of sheet
y
metal.
Attached to or formed in one with the said ferrule or ring 9, there is an arm g¹
preferably elastic and made of tempered steel which is carried out sufficiently far
from the spindle to clear the cop a when of full diameter as indicated in the drawing
and is fashioned with a guide or eye g2 at the top. The steel spring arm g' is made
of sufficient length to take in the depth of the finished cop. To prevent the
arm g¹ from flying too far out by centrifugal force when revolving with the-spindle
at a high velocity, I prefer to provide a curb ring or sleeve h carried by the upper

page_text: lifting rail or part i or it might be supported from the lower rail or part d. In the
arrangement shown, the upper lifting rail i is connected by a bracket k or other
suitable part to the lower rail:d so that they move in unison. The yarn; a is led
from the drawing rollers and is passed through the eye g² on the upper extremity
of the elastic or other arm g' on its way to the spindle b. To render the elastic
or other arm g¹ more sensitive to the influence of the yarn, at high speeds, I may
provide a balancing arm on the opposite side of the ferrule or ring g When
the apparatus
in motion and the building of the cop a is in progress, the elastic
arm is rotated by the draw of the yarn in the same direction as the spindle, aud
the yarn is spun and drawn through the eye just as in the case of a ring
traveller. But suppose the yarn to be winding on the bare spindle as for example
in Fig. 1, or any part of the cop where from the directness of the pull or from
other causes a strain greater than usual is thrown upon the yarn, then instead of
pulling upon an unyielding object like the ordinary traveller (which only runs with
greater friction and bangs further back the more radially the yarn pulls upon it)
under my improvement the yarn pulling on the elastic arm draws the eye or guide
close up to the spindle or other part of the cop circumference and canting the
ferrule or ring 9 on the spindle binds it thereon or causes it to have more
frictional contact therewith so as to accelerate its speed, so that the eye on the end
of the elastic arm offers less resistance.
For example looking at Fig. 3 it will be seen that when the eye 9* is pulled
close up to the spindle by the yielding of the elastic arm the radial directness of
the pull on the eye is greatly diminished so that danger of breakage is averted.
The dotted lines in Fig. 3 show the position of the eye and yarn before being pulled
in. The full lines show the eye and yarn after having been pulled close in to the
spindle. At the same time as indicated in Fig. 4 the loose ferrule or ring g is slightly
canted on the spindle 6 and is thereby bound on the spindle so as to whirl round at
the same or nearly the same speed, thus taking all strain from the yarn. The
winding on is thus retarded and the drawing rollers have time to feed forward a
little more slack which relieves the strain on the yarn and prevents what would
otherwise inevitably end in breakage. Although advisable it is not essential that
the arm g¹ should be elastic. Even if rigid the pull on the eye at the top would
caut the ferrule or ring g beneath and so cause the more rapid whirling of the arm
which would itself relieve the strain upon the yarn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The improved means for spinning yarn in frames of the throstle type, the
said means consisting of the combination of an elastic or it might be a rigid arm
springing from a ferrule or ring carried loosely on the spindle the said ferrule or
ring being raised and lowered by a lifting rail so as to give the proper copping
movements to the eye at the end of the arm, and the arm being confined by a
curbing ring or sleeve substantially as herein before described and shown.
2. For the purposes indicated in the Specification the arm gl with its ferrule or
ring loosely fitting the spindle the said arm being formed with an eye or guide
through which the yarn passes to the spindle or cop and the said ferrule or ring
furnished when required with a balancing arm arranged and operating substantially
as described and as illustrated.
3. The combination of the traveller arm fitted as described with the surrounding
and confining sleeve or curb ring or its equivalent to prevent or restrain too great
centrifugal action of the arm, substantially as described and illustrated.
4. The traveller arm with ferrule or ring loosely fitting the spindle, the said
ferrule or ring g being loosely connected to a rising and falling rail or part to give
the requisite up and down motion to the arm while permitting freedom to whirl
and cant, arranged and operating substantially as described and shown.

page_text: 5. The general arrangement, construction and combination of parts constituting
my improved apparatus for spinning yarns in frames arranged on the throstle
-spinning principle, substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 25th day of July 1895.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents,
For the Applicant.