CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES, AND IN PREPARING ANIMAL, VEGETABLE, AND MINERAL SUBSTANCES APPLI- CABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES AND OTHER USES
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
CHILDS, of Earls Court Road, in the County of Middlesex, Wax Chandler,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Exellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, in the tenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Samuel Childs, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Samuel Childs, my exors, adñors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Childs, my exors, adñors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney,
Sark, and Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CANDLES, AND IN PREPARING ANIMAL, VEGETABLE, AND MINERAL SUBSTANCES APPLI-
CABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES AND OTHER USES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Samuel Childs, should cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Childs, hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is performed, are fully described in and by the present
Specification thereof, that is to say:―
My Invention, in so far as regards "the manufacture of candles," consists
in the employment of castor oil obtained otherwise than by distillation, in com-
bination with tallow or lard or other oils, or any of the other ingredients
commonly made use of for the purpose, that is to say, in the employment of
castor oil which has been obtained directly by expression from the bean or
nut, and in the combining of the same in such proportions with the other
substances made use of as to produce a composite candle of a very superior
quality. The ingredients may be combined in any of the following propor-
tions:-First, three parts of castor oil may be combined with one part of
vegetable wax, such as is commonly imported from South America and China;
or, second, one part of castor oil, with two parts of tallow; or, third, two parts
of castor oil, with two parts of margaric acid; or, fourth, one part of castor
oil, with two parts of lard. By "parts" in each case I mean parts by weight;
but although I give the above as good proportions to be used, I do not restrict
myself to the same, as they may require to be varied according to the average
temperature of the country where the candles are intended to be used. For
example, if the candles are intended for a hot climate, vegetable wax or mar-
garic acid should be used in a greater quantity than when they are to be used
in a cold climate. A small portion of bismuth may be added in each case, as
is usual in the manufacture of candles, in order to prevent the accumulation
of exhausted carbon in the wick. Compounds may be also formed of the
castor oil obtained by expression as aforesaid with other oils, vegetable wax,
tallow, margaric acid, and lard, all or any of them, which will be found suit-
able as lubricants for axles of wheels, shaft bearings, and other moving parts
of machinery; but in this case it is indifferent in what proportions the materials
are respectively used.
--
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,-
First, the employment, in the manufacture of candles, of castor oil obtained
otherwise than by distillation as aforesaid; and,
Second, the manufacture from castor oil obtained otherwise than by distilla-
tion as aforesaid combined with other oils, vegetable wax, tallow, margaric

page_text: acid, and lard, all or any of them, of compounds applicable to the manufacture
of candles, and to lubricating purposes, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Childs, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Samuel Childs came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
O said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-seven