AN IMPROVED MAGNETO-ELECTRIC BATTERY
Year: 1854

page_text: Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Lellers Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
ISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Soren Hjorth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th October
854.
SOREN HJORTH, of Copenhagen, do hereby declare the nature of my
tion of "AN IMPROVED MAGNETO-ELECTRIC BATTERY," to be as follows,
nce being had to the accompanying Drawings, which represent the
al arrangement of a battery according to my Invention.
ure ] represents a sectional elevation of the battery, (also shewing my
improved electro-magnetic engine with reciprocating motion.
"
3
2, sectional plan of the same.
3 represents another sectional view of the battery and engine, seen
endways.
4, half plan and half sectional plan of battery.
5, sections of commutator for battery.
6, diagram shewing the peculiar shape of the false poles of magnets
and armatures.
7, diagram shewing the mode of applying more magnets and
armatures.
ire 8, plan shewing the mode of applying the power in a direct rotary
way.
main feature of this battery consists in applying one, two, or several
ent magnets a, of cast iron, and shaped as shewn, in connection with an

page_text: equal number or more electro-magnets b, shaped as indicated in Drawing, in
such a manner that the currents induced in the coils of the revolving arma-
tures are allowed to pass round the electro-magnets; consequently, the more
the electro-magnets are excited in the said manner, the more will the armatures
c be excited, and more electricity of course induced in the respective coilings;
and while a mutual and accelerating force is thus produced in this manner
between the electro-magnets and the armatures, an additional or secondary
current is at the same time induced in the coiling of the electro-magnets by
the motion of the armatures, the said current flowing in the same direction as
that of the primary current after having passed the commutator. The direction
of the current induced in the coils of the armatures will of course be reversed
according to the change of the respective polarities, and the commutator dis
thererore applied for the purpose of causing the same to flow constantly in one
direction. This commutator consists, as shewn in Figure 5, of four or more
segments of copper, each opposite pair of which is fixed respectively to one or
two smaller rings of different breadth, applied inside the said segments in such
a manner that while two opposite segments are fastened to the broad ring,
placed between two narrow rings, the other opposite segments are fastened to
the latter rings, in order to form communication between the same, while the
said commutator is insulated from the shaft; each opposite pair of segments is
also insulated from the other pair. The conductor e extending from the coils
of the armature is fixed to the segment, communicating by means of the
said ring with ', and the other conductor g to the segment h, communicating
with h. The current induced in the coils of the armatures, and flowing through
the conductor e, extending from the coils of the armature and fixed to the
segment f, communicates by means of the said ring with /, and the other con-
ductor to the segment h communicates with h. The current induced in the
coils of the armatures, and flowing through the conductor e to the segment f,
during one stage of polarity, will, during the succeeding change, flow towards
the segment through the conductors, and so on; the armatures having in
the meantime made one quarter of a revolution, the conductor i between the
commutator and coils of electro-magnets will now, after the next change of
polarity having taken place, be in contact with the segment f, while the con-
ductor, communicating with the engine, will be in contact with h, and the
current, having previously flowed towards, but, now flowing towards h, will
thus pass in the same direction as it did previously, and of course constantly in
one direction.
Figure 6 represents iron plates or false poles 1, applied on the ends of the

page_text: surface with sharp edges is exposed to the points of attractions of the arma-
tures, while sharp points of different lengths are exposed to the points of
separation, and the edges extending from the said sharp points are chamfered
off towards the points of attraction, the latter having the same length.
Corresponding iron plates m are applied on the ends of the armatures, and
shaped in such a manner, as shewn in Figure 6, with blue lines in the Diagram,
that the points of attraction expose a large surface with sharp edges to the
false poles of the magnets, being at the same time as distant from the centre
as possible, while the points of separation are near the centre and pointed; and
the edges of the plates from the said points towards the points of attraction
are chamfered off, all with a view to avoid reactionary currents, and at the
same time to facilitate the motion of the armature. The permanent magnets a
and electro-magnets bare shaped in such a manner, as shewn in Figures 1
and 4, that the very ends of the poles face the revolving armatures, while
this shape of the magnets also allows the arrangement of the poles on the one
side of the revolving armatures to be all north and those on the other side all
south. While steel magnets also may be applied instead of cast-iron magnets,
the permanent magnets may be coiled like the electro-magnets, which also
will serve to make them more permanent.
The accompanying Drawing shews my improved magneto-electric battery,
in connection with my improved electro-magnetic engine, which the battery is
well adapted for driving.