Improvements in Apparatus for Calcining, Drying, Roasting, or Carbonizing Substances or Materials, and Extracting Gases, Spirits, or Acids therefrom
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 20th Sept., 1887.
Improvements in Apparatus for Calcining, Drying, Roasting, or
Carbonizing Substances or Materials, and Extracting Gases,
Spirits, or Acids therefrom.
We, RICHARD CUNLIFFE, Engineer, of 89 Hankinson Street, Pendleton, and
JAMES LUND, Traveller, of St. Annes-on-the-Sea, both in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements on application for Letters Patent No. 14141
dated November 3rd 1886, & has for its objects, firstly, to provide better means for
charging and emptying the rotating vessel or retort; secondly, to facilitate the
introduction of oil, spirits, or other suitable liquid or solid material into the rotary
vessel or retort while in motion for the purpose of adding to and mixing the
same with the substance or material under treatment.
Thirdly. To simplify the means for mounting and rotating the said vessel or retort
& shape of the latter.
And in order that this invention may be better understood I have caused to be
appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference similar
letters indicating like parts throughout the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 an end view of our improved
apparatus.
In carrying out our invention, we employ, to rotate in an inclined position, on a
fraine above a suitable furnace e, a vessel or retort a, formed near its outlet or neck
with a rim a¹, running on anti-friction pulleys c, carried by the said frame b.
This vessel or retort a is provided with internal propeller blades e, and may be
made in different ways, but we prefer to form the same in two parts, neck and body,
so as to be bolted together, the rim a forming flanges for such purpose.
The said vessel or retort a, which is rotated in an inclined position over a suitable
furnace, el is made in shape, similar to a bottle or vase, and a portion of the interior
provided with propeller blades e, by reason of which the substance or material under
treatment is prevented from entering the outlet, and caused to remain in the body
thereof, where it is constantly & gently turned over, while the gases are permitted to
be separated therefrom, and escape, or to be carried away or collected by means of a
nine f

page_text: In order to readily charge or empty the vessel or retort a, we form the same, pre-
ferably near the outlet or neck thereof, with a man-hole or opening 9 provided with
a lid or cover g'.
When the material or substance has been treated sufficiently, it is self-actingly
discharged through the manhole or opening g, by continuing the rotation of the vessel
or retort a, and the action of the internal propeller blades e, which move the material
or substance to the said manhole or opening g.
The lower end or bottom of the vessel or retort a, we form with a hollow axle or
trunnion h.
This hollow axle or trunnion serves principally for two purposes, namely, that of
supporting the lower end or bottom of the vessel or retort a, by revolving it in a
bearing, formed or fixed to the frame ; and that of facilitating the introduction
into the vessel or retort a, and adding to the material or substance under treatment,
of oil, spirits, or other suitable liquids, or solid materials.
This latter purpose may be effected by fitting into the said hollow axle or
trunnion, a plug i formed with a cavity i¹ long enough to project into the vessel or
retort a.
This plug fits tightly into the said hollow axle or trunnion h, and is arranged to be
withdrawn for the purpose of being filled with the desired liquor or material, to be
added to be material or substance under treatment.
The plug is inserted, after being filled, and empties itself of its contents by reason
of the rotation of the vessel or retort a.
The same purpose may be effected by means of a valve or any other suitable
means
The rotation of the vessel or retort a is effected by means of a worm wheel & fixed
on the said hollow axle or trunnion h, gearing into a worm, suitably driven
from a driving shaft 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim, is:-
1st. The general arrangement and combination of parts, constituting our improve-
ments, and operation of same, for the purpose and substantially in the manner
hereinbefore described.
2nd. Providing the vessel or retort a with a man-hole or opening through which
it can be charged with, and emptied self-actingly by the action of the internal
propeller blades e of the material or substance under treatment, substantially as set
forth.
3rd. Providing the vessel or retort a with means for introducing into the same, oil,
spirits, or other suitable liquor, or solid or other material, substantially as set forth
and for the purpose specified.
.
e,
4th. Mounting and shaping the rotary vessel or retort a in such a manner that by
reason of its inclined position and shape, and action of the internal propeller blades
the material or liquid under treatment is moved from the lower end or bottom to near
the outlet or neck thereof, where it is continually turned over and prevented from
entering the outlet or neck, while the gases separate, and collect in the latter, for the
purpose of being permitted to escape, or carried away, substantially as set forth.
Datad this 3rd day of August 1887
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester,
Agents to Applicants.