An Improved Apparatus for the Purification of Gas or other analogous purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: An Improved Apparatus for the Purification of Gas or other
analogous purposes.
We, ARTHUR EDWARD NIELD YEADON and SAMUEL NIELD YEADON, both
Engineers, of 4, Albion Place, Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists in the use or application of a cylinder revolving on
bearing rollers, having an internal screw, and fitted with a suitable stationary
mouthpiece at each end, by means of which the lime, oxide of iron, or other
materials used for purifying gas can be automatically and continuously fed into,
through, and out of the cylinder, whilst at the same time the crude gas meets
with and passes regularly and continuously through the purifying material as it
travels through the cylinder.
In the following description we shall use the word "lime” as including any
materials used for the purification of gas.
We preferably make our cylinders parallel, with a horizontal central line. They
can also be made of a conical form with a similar central line, or parallel and
sloping. Inside the cylinder and running almost the whole length we have a
central tube of a diameter proportionate to that of the cylinder, closed at one or
both ends, and between the outside circumference of this tube and the internal
surface of the cylinder we fix a continuous spiral screw running the whole length
of the cylinder, the edges of this screw being accurately secured and made gas-
tight. The central tube is thus fixed to and carried by the cylinder.
The feeding end of the cylinder (where the lime enters) has an end plate to
which is secured a stuffing box and suitable gland, through which passes a
stationary circular double mouthpiece, the outside of which is turned true and
smooth to suit or work in the gland when revolving. This mouthpiece consists
of an external pipe one end of which is open and extends a little way through
the gland into the cylinder the other end being closed but having an outlet on the
top or side for the passage of the purified gas.
Passing through this external pipe and preferably through its lower part, we
fix an internal pipe for feeding in the fresh lime, which has one end open and
extending a little beyond the open end of the external pipe into the cylinder.
The other end of this internal feed pipe passes forward through the back or closed
end of the external pipe and is fitted with a hopper at the top for holding the
fresh lime. This end is closed and fitted with a stuffing box and gland for shaft.
Inside this internal feed pipe we have a revolving shaft, driven by any suitable
means outside, and having fixed on it adjustable blades, by means of which the
lime is conveyed from the hopper to the interior of the cylinder. The hopper
can be made to hold any required quantity of fresh lime and have a slide valve

page_text: or door at the top and another at the bottom to prevent any escape of gas through
the fresh lime whilst it is being fed in.
The opposite end of the cylinder is open and revolves in a stationary closed
end-box, fitted with suitable stuffing box and gland to make a gas-tight joint.
The inlet pipe for the crude gas may be fixed anywhere on the top or side of this
end-box, at the bottom of which is an outlet opening.
Attached to the end-box and under this outlet we fix any suitable arrangement
of gas-tight boxes and valves for discharging the foul lime without waste of gas,
but preferably employ a circular discharge pipe in which rotates a shaft and
adjustable blades similar in principle to those for feeding the fresh lime, with
adjustable arrangement for keeping this discharge pipe tightly full. By this
means we secure a continuous and automatic discharge of the foul lime without
escape of gas.
On any part of the outside of the cylinder we fix turned bearing rings, each
of which rests and revolves on suitable bearing rollers underneath. On any part
of the outside we also fix one or more toothed wheels driven by pinions or other
suitable means on a driving shaft which can be fixed in any suitable position
as required.
The end of the spiral screw and the end of the cylinder at the open end are
suitably arranged to hold back the lime a little, so that the level of the lime in
passing through the cylinder shall always be higher than the bottom of the
central tube thus preventing the gas from passing over the surface of the lime
instead of through it
By way of breaking up the lime and keeping it open and free from clogging
as it passes through the cylinder we can attach any knives or other suitable
appliances to the outside of the central tube or the inner surface of the cylinder
or on any part of the screw.
We carry out the working of our invention as follows:-
:-
The fresh lime is fed into the hopper from the bottom of which it is regularly
and continuously conveyed by the internal shaft and blades into the interior
of the cylinder. The revolving motion of this cylinder and the spiral form of
the screw work the lime continuously and regularly forward through the cylinder
until it becomes foul and falls into the outlet under the end box where it is dis-
charged by the rotating shaft and adjustable blades. The level of the lime in
passing through the cylinder is always kept above the bottom of the central tube.
The crude gas entering in at the end box passes through the lime lying on the
bottom of the cylinder in each division of the screw, and finally escapes through
the outlet of the external pipe, purified gas.
Our invention serves to economise labour, time, and ground space, and to save
the gas lost in the present intermittent method of changing purifiers; and we
purpose carrying it out substantially as above described.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of January 1898
ARTHUR EDWARD NIELD YEADON.
SAMUEL NIELD YEADON,
An Improved Apparatus for the Purification of Gas or other
analogous purposes.
We, ARTHUR EDWARD NIELD YEADON and SAMUEL NIELD YEADON, both
Engineers, of 4, Albion Place, Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare

page_text: the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention consists in the use or application of a cylinder revolving horizon-
tally or bearing rollers having attached within it a continuous internal spiral
screw, and fitted with a suitable stationary mouthpiece or box at each end by
means of which said revolving cylinder, lime, oxide of iron, or other analogous
materials used for purifying gas can be continuously and automatically conveyed
into, through, and out of the cylinder whilst at the same time the crude unpuri-
fied gas meets with and passes regularly and continuously through the said puri-
fying material as it passes through the cylinder.
In the following description we shall use the term "lime
other analogous materials used for the purification of gas.
as including any
We preferably make our cylinders parallel with a horizontal central line as
shown in the two accompanying sheets of illustrations. They can also be made
of a conical form with a similar horizontal central line; or they can be made
parallel and sloping.
In the accompanying illustrations, Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of our
purifier; Fig. 2 shows the end elevation where the foul lime is discharged; Fig. 3
shows the purifier in plan; and Fig. 4 a transverse section with view of the
interior.
Inside the cylinder A, and running nearly the whole length of it, we have a
central tube B closed at one or both ends, and of a diameter proportionate to the
cylinder. Between the outside circumference of this tube and the internal surface
of the cylinder we fix the continuous spiral screw C, C, running the whole length
of the cylinder, both edges of this screw being fitted with angle iron for securely
fixing it to the cylinder and tube, and made perfectly gas tight. The tube is thus
carried by the cylinder to which it is attached by the spiral screw.
The feeding end of the cylinder is rounded off as shown at 1) and fitted with a
gland and stuffing box through which passes the front part of the double mouth-
piece E the outside of this being turned true and smooth as at e to work in the
revolving gland D). This mouthpiece consists of the external pipe one end of
which is open and extending a little way inside the cylinder as shown at F; the
other end being closed but having an outlet on the top or side for the passage
of the purified gas.
Passing through this external pipe in any part of it, we fix an internal pipe G
for feeding in the fresh lime, which pipe has its delivery end open and extending
a little beyond the open end of the external pipe into the cylinder as shown at G¹
The other end of this internal feed pipe passes through the back or closed end of
the external pipe at G2, and is fitted at the top with a hopper mouth H'; this
end being fitted with a gland and stuffing box to prevent escape of gas. Through
these and working inside the feed pipe we have a revolving shaft J driven by any
suitable means outside, having fixed on it a spiral screw (as shown) or adjustable
blades for conveying the lime into the cylinder. Above the hopper mouth we fix
a hopper box K inside which revolve, at different speeds, two shafts K2 fitted with
knives for breaking up and regulating the quantity of lime passing through.
Above this we fix the hopper H of any suitable height so that the head of lime
may prevent escape of gas; or, if desirable, we can have a valve at the top and
another at the bottom for the same purpose.
The opposite end of the cylinder is open as shown at A¹ and revolves in a
stationary closed end-box L which is fitted with a suitable gas-tight gland L² inside
which the turned end of the cylinder revolves. M is the inlet pipe for the crude
gas, fixed near or on the top of the end-box, at the bottom of which is an outlet L³
for the foul lime. Attached to this end-box and under this outlet we can fix any
suitable arrangement of gas-tight boxes and valves for intermittently discharging
the foul lime without waste of gas; but we preferably employ a circular discharge
pipe N, in which revolves a shaft $ fitted with adjustable blades as shown; and

page_text: by keeping this shaft shorter than the end of the discharge pipe at Na we ensure
the end of this pipe at N³ being tightly filled with the foul lime thus securing its
continuous and automatic discharge without any escape of the gas.
On any part of the circumference of the cylinder A we have turned bearing
rings A, A, preferably of a ✓ shape to secure it from moving endwise; each of
these rings revolves on suitably shaped bearing rollers b, b, underneath, having
boxes d, d, and tightening screws to regulate the height of the cylinder when
working. We also fix one or more toothed wheels A2 on the circumference to be
driven by pinions or other suitable means on any driving shaft which can be
fixed in any suitable position as required.
The end of the spiral screw C and the open end of the cylinder at A¹ can be
suitably arranged, if required, to hold back the lime a little, so that by this
means and adjusting the speed of the breaking shaft K2, the height or level of the
lime in passing through the cylinder shall always be uniformly higher than the
bottom of the central tube as shown at 0 in Fig. 4, thus preventing the gas from
passing over the surface of the lime instead of through it.
By way of breaking up the lime and keeping it open and free from clogging as
it passes through the cylinder, we fix in each division of the spiral screw one or
more slack breaking chains as shown at P, P, in Fig. 4, also breaking knives R
which can be fixed to the inside of the cylinder or outside the central tube, or both.
We carry out the working of our invention as follows:-
The fresh lime is delivered by elevators R2 into the hopper H the height of
which is regulated so that the "head" of lime is sufficient to prevent any escape
of gas through it. As the lime falls into the hopper box K the speed of the break-
ing shafts K2 regulates the quantity to be passed into the cylinder. The speed
of the shaft J is likewise adjusted so as to pass the lime quickly through the
internal feed pipe G without pugging or clogging, into the interior of the cylinder.
The revolving motion of the cylinder A with the continuous spiral form of the
internal screw C with the help of the slack chains P, P, and the knives R, R,
keep the lime open and work it continuously and regularly forward
through the cylinder wherein by its contact with the impurities in
the crude gas entering at M and passing through it, the lime becomes foul and
falls into the outlet box N from which it is continuously and automatically dis-
charged by the rotating shaft and blades S through the outlet pipe N². The level
of the lime in passing through the cylinder is always kept sufficiently and uni-
formly above the bottom of the central tube B as shown at 0 in Fig. 4. The
crude gas entering in at M into the end box L meets and passes through the
lime in the cylinder in each of the divisions of the screw C and finally escapes
through the double mouthpiece E at the outlet E¹ whence it is conveyed to the
meter.
Our invention serves therefore to economise labour, ground space, and time,
to save the waste of gas ordinarily lost in the present intermittent method of
charging and emptying purifiers, and to prevent the nuisance and danger connected
with such method.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. The use or application of a revolving horizontal cylinder for the purification
gas with hydrated lime, oxide of iron, or other analogous materials substantially
as herein described.
of
-
2. The use of the above combined with an internal central tube and a con-
tinuous spiral screw for working the lime or other materials automatically and
regularly through the cylinder to the discharging end.
3. The use of the above combined with suitable end boxes or mouthpieces
fitted with adjustable packings for preventing the
of gas.
escape

page_text: 4. The use of the above combined with a feed hopper, regulating breaking rolls,
gas tight feed pipe, and internal shaft and knives at the feeding end by means
of which the fresh lime can be continuously and automatically fed into the cylinder.
5. The use of the above combined with outlet pipe and internal shaft and knives,
or other mechanical arrangement, for discharging the foul lime without escape of
gas.
ARTHUR EDWARD NIELD YEADON.
SAMUEL NIELD YEADON.