An Improved Power Loom for the Manufacture of Chenille, intended for the Weaving of Carpets and other Fabrics.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 25th May, 1891-Accepted, 27th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Power Loom for the Manufacture of Chenille, intended
for the Weaving of Carpets and other Fabrics.
I LEON LETALLE of Beauvais, in the Department of the Oise and Republic of
France, Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
The manufacture of long pile carpets with chenille weft is effected by ordinary
means as follows:-
Each weft thread or chenille is made. beforehand and is composed of as many
points of different colours as required by the design or pattern. To obtain this
result:-
A. fabric is woven, see Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing, composed of warp
threads set wide apart a, a, these threads serve as ligature to the woollen
threads b, which are each of the colour required by the pattern.
After the weaving this fabric is divided into strips or bands as shown at the
right of the figure.
Each of these cut threads of wool will result in a part or point of the design of
the carpet and the entire strip or band will serve as weft for its composition.
The order in which these wefts of chenille are placed in the weaving of the
carpet determines the arrangement of the pattern.
Making the chenille by hand occupied a long time by reason of the large number
of shuttles to be worked.
The loom the subject of this invention has for object the mechanical weaving
of the chenille by suppressing the shuttles and replacing them by a single pincer
or nipper having an analogous to and fro motion and which at each movement
seizes and carries away a weft thread.
Therefore to obtain the variety of colour given by the several shuttles it is
only necessary to present a different thread to the nipper at each of its move-
ments; this result is produced by the distributor with key board placed on the
left of the loom ;
Figure 2 is a view of the distributor side of the loom,
Figure 3 shows the same part in front view,
Fi
igures 4 and 5 are enlarged views of the distributor,
Figure 6 is a side view of the pincer or nipper,
Figure 7 is a plan view of the nipper with the shears,
Figure 8 a side view of the shears and
Figure 9 is a view of the entire loom.
The bobbins or wefts in any desired number according to the different colours
necessitated by the pattern are placed upon a creel A, Figure 3, and each of these
threads passes into one of the small tubes B each set upon a movable sector C,
Figures 3, 4 and 5. The assemblage of these several sectors constitutes a dis-
tributing apparatus bringing each thread separately to the action of the nipper.
The Distributor-This apparatus is composed of a semi-circular support Z of
cast iron attached to the frame of the loom, each of the sectors C is set up on an
independent pivot, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 adjusted over the entire surface offered by the
support Z.
Upon the axis of rotation of each of these sectors is fixed a grooved pulley c.
To this pulley c is attached a cord d which, after having passed over the guide
pulley e is fixed to the rectangular lever E, Figure 4.
A spring D brings back each of the sectors not actuated by the lever E.

page_text: The result is that in pressing upon one of the keys which terminate each of the
levers E the corresponding sector is made to take the position shown in dotted lines
Figure 4 and the tube B occupies the centre O.
On releasing the key the spring D brings the sector backward to permit the
workman to actuate another sector carrying another colour.
When the tube B places itself at O it faces a nipper which seizing the thread
which it carries draws it between the warp threads a, a.
The Nipper-The lay or batten X is furnished with a toothed guide to receive
and give passage to a nipper which is thus made.
Two steel blades f, f¹, Figures 6 and 7 are fixed or soldered upon a metal
part F and kept at a suitable distance apart by means of a cam G.
If, at a given moment a quarter turn is given to the cam G the blades f, f¹, close
and nip at one end to seize the thread presented to them by the tube B. This
nipper is terminated by a long iron rod at T guided by the support H, Figure 9.
When the nipper has drawn the weft thread through the warp threads, the
weft thread laid must be cut in order that another one may be taken, this operation
is effected by the aid of shears placed right and left of the lay or batten.
Figures 7 and 8 show the shears on the left.
Shears They are composed of a fixed arm L and a movable arm M which is
usually kept apart by a spring N. The arm M carries a roller m which at a given
moment strikes against the roller Q causing the shears to close.
The cam plate V2, Figure 9, by means of connecting rods and lever gives the
to and fro motion to the nipper.
A stop piece X' supports the nipper when it has retired.
Working of the Loom-The workman chooses the thread which suits the colour
of the pattern, he then presses upon the lever E to bring the tube carrying this
thread to the centre O.
At the moment that the batten X is at its backward position there is a stoppage
of its oscillation (this stoppage is obtained by the slot Z of the rod z).
During this time of stoppage the plate V2 has caused the nipper to advance as
far as the tube B, and it closes at this moment by means of the finger v which acts
on the cam G.
As soon as the eccentric plate V2 has freed the connecting rod, the spring R²
brings the nipper backward; it is always closed because in returning the nipper
has slid on the brass tube B and has seized the thread projecting from it.
The time of rest of the batten being over it again comes forward. In this
movement the rollers m of the shears strike against their respective rollers Q
and cause the shears to close which cut the thread at the two ends and remain
closed to hold the thread for an instant.
The shears are kept closed by the aid of a hook or catch s, Figures 7 and 8,
which being pushed by the spring & forms a stop when the shears are closed.
The shears remain closed during the forward movement which the batten
continues to make, up to the moment when the weft thread having been laid is
squeezed or pressed against the preceding thread by the aid of the comb with
which the batten is provided.
While this close weaving or squeezing action is taking place the catches s
meet the striking pieces R which disengage them and permit the opening of the
shears.
At the same moment a wedge T (Figure 9.) which is set upon the batten and
follows its movement enters the notch or recess of the nipper, causes the finger g to
turn and consequently the cam G which causes the nipper to open.
The batten then again retires and the movement recommences.
Dated this Second day of January 1891.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Power Loom for the Manufacture of Chenille, intended
for the Weaving of Carpets and other Fabrics.
I LEON LETALLE of Beauvais, in the Department of the Oise and Republic of
France, Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The manufacture of long pile carpets with chenille weft is effected by ordinary
means as follows.
Each weft thread or chenille is made beforehand and is composed of as
many points of different colours as required by the design or pattern. To obtain
this result:—
A fabric is woven, see Figure 1 of the drawing left with the Provisional
Specification composed of warp threads set wide apart a, a, these threads serve as
ligature to the woollen threads bb, which are each of the colour required by the
pattern.
After the weaving, this fabric is divided into strips or bands as shown at
the right of the figure.
Each of these cut threads of wool will result in a part or point of the design of
the carpet and the entire strip or band will serve as weft for its composition.
The order in which these wefts of chenille are placed in the weaving of the carpet
determines the arrangement of the pattern.
Making the chenille by hand occupied a long time by reason of the large number
of shuttles to be worked.
The loom the subject of this invention has for object the mechanical weaving of
the chenille by suppressing the shuttles and replacing them by a single pincer or
nipper having an analogous to and fro motion and which at each movement seizes
and carries away a weft thread.
Therefore to obtain the variety of colour given by the several shuttles it is only
necessary to present a different thread to the nipper at each of its movements; this
result is produced by the distributor with key board placed on the left of the
loom.
Referring to the drawing left with the Provisional Specification:
Figure 2 is a view of the distributor side of the loom,
Figure 3 shows the same part in front view,
Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged views of the distributor,
Figure 6 is a side view of the pincer or nipper,
Figure 7 is a plan view of the nipper with the shears,
Figure 8 a side view of the shears, and
Figure 9 is a view of the entire loom.
The bobbins or wefts in any desired number according to the different colours
necessitated by the pattern are placed upon a creel A, Figure 3, and each of these
threads passes into one of the small tubes B each set upon a movable sector C,
Figures 3, 4 and 5. The assemblage of the several sectors constitutes a distributing
apparatus bringing each thread separately to the action of the nipper.
The Distributor-This apparatus is composed of a semi-circular support Z
of cast iron attached to the frame of the loom each of the sectors C is set upon an
independent pivot, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 adjusted over the entire surface offered by the
support Z.
Upon the axis of rotation of each of these sectors is fixed a grooved pulley c.
To this pulley is attached a cord d which, after having passed over the
guide pulley e is fixed to the rectangular lever E, Figure 4.
A spring D brings back each of the sectors not actuated by the lever E.
The result is that in pressing upon one of the keys which terminate each of the

page_text: levers E the corresponding sector is made to take the position shown in dotted lines
Figure 4 and the tube B occupies the centre O.
On releasing the key the spring D brings the sector backward to permit the
workman to actuate another sector carrying another colour.
When the tube B places itself at O it faces a nipper which seizing the thread
which it carries draws it between the warp threads a, a.
The Nipper The lay or batten X is furnished with a toothed guide to receive
and give passage to a nipper, which is thus made:-
Two steel blades f,, Figures 6 and 7 are fixed or soldered upon a metal
part F, and kept at a suitable distance apart by means of a cam G.
If, at a given moment a quarter turn is given to the cam G the blades f, f', close
and nip at one end to seize the thread presented to them by the tube B. This
nipper is terminated by a long Tiron rod guided by the support H, Figure 9.
When the nipper has drawn the weft thread through the warp threads, the weft
thread laid must be cut in order that another one may be taken, this operation is
effected by the aid of shears placed at right and left of the lay or batten.
Figures 7 and 8 show the shears on the left.
Shears They are composed of a fixed arm L and a movable arm M which is
usually kept apart by a spring N. The arm M carries a roller m which at a given
moment strikes against the roller Q causing the shears to close.
The cam plate V2, Figure 9, by means of connecting rods and lever gives the
to and fro motion to the nipper.
A stop piece X supports the nipper when it has retired.
Working of the Loom-The workman chooses the thread which suits the colour
of the pattern, he then presses upon the lever E to bring the tube carrying this
thread to the centre O.
At the moment that the batten X is at its backward position there is a stoppage
of its oscillation (this stoppage is obtained by the slot Z of the rod :).
During this time of stoppage the plate V2 has caused the nipper to advance as
far as the tube B, and it closes at this moment by means of the finger which acts
As soon as the eccentric plate V2 has freed the connecting rod, the spring R²
brings the nipper backward; it is always closed because, in returning, the nipper
has slid on the brass tube B and has seized the thread projecting from it.
on the cam G.
The time of rest of the batten being over it again comes forward. In this
movement the rollers m of the shears strike against their respective rollers Q and
cause the shears to close which cut the thread at the two ends and remain closed to
hold the thread for an instant.
The shears are kept closed by the aid of a hook or catch s Figures 7 and 8,
which being pushed by the spring s¹ forms a stop when the shears are closed.
The shears remain closed during the forward movement which the batten
continues to make, up to the moment when the weft thread having been laid is
squeezed or pressed against the preceding thread by the aid of the comb with which
the batten is provided.
While this close weaving or squeezing action is taking place the catches s meet
the striking pieces R which disengage them and permit the opening of the shears.
At the same moment a wedge T. (Figure 9) which is set upon the batten
and follows its movement enters the notch or recess of the nipper causes the
finger to turn and consequently the cam G which causes the nippers to open.
The batten then again retires and the movement recommences.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a loom for weaving chenille for the manufacture of long pile carpets and
other fabrics the arrangements substantially as hereinbefore described whereby
shuttles are dispensed with

page_text: 2. In a loom for weaving long pile carpets and other fabrics, the arrangement
substantially as described of a distributor with key board in combination with tube-
carrying sectors, whereby the workman may present a thread of any desired colour
to the action of the pincer or nipper by the movement of a key corresponding to
the desired colour.
3. In a loom for weaving chenille for the manufacture of long pile carpets and
other fabrics the arrangements substantially as described of a pincer or nipper
in substitution of shuttles for carrying the weft threads intended to form the
chenille.
4. In a loom for weaving chenille for the manufacture of long pile carpets and
other fabrics the arrangement of the shears to cut each thread after it has been laid
substantially as described.
1