Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Jan., 1888
Specification Accepted, 10th Feb., 1888
I, JOHN SMALLEY CAMPBELL Dentist of 20 rue des Pyramides, Paris, France, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My object is to provide a motive power apparatus capable of supplying such motive
power as is required for dentist's purposes and other similar purposes.
According to one arrangement, the motive power apparatus comprises a weight
attached to a cord connected to a driving shaft; the downward movement of the
weight imparts a rotary motion to the driving shaft, which motion is conveyed by
usual means, to a dental engine or any other such apparatus requiring but a small
amount of motive power. The weight is raised to its starting point, after it has been
allowed to descend to its lowest point, so as to bring the parts into the required
position for continuing to supply motive power.
According to another arrangement, the action is reversed viz: hydraulic, steam or
other pressure is employed for creating rotary motion during the descent of the
piston, whilst a weight is employed for raising the piston to its original highest
position.
In the accompanying two sheets of drawings,
Fig. 1, sheet 1, is a sectional elevation.
Fig. 2, sheet 1, is a side view of fig. 1 and
Fig. 3, sheet 1, is a top view of fig. 1 of a motor constructed in accordance with
the first arrangement above mentioned.
g
a is the first motion shaft held by bearings bc and carrying a sleeve, of which one
portion d is grooved spirally for the passage of a cord e and another portion f is
smooth for receiving a cord 9 carrying the weight h. One end of the first motion
shaft a carries a wheel i imparting rotary motion to an axisj carrying a wheel k which,
in its turn, imparts rotary motion to another axis l, whereby the speed of the rotary
motion of the first motion shaft a increases that of the latter axis l. m is a cord
passing over the wheel n for driving a dental engine or any other small tool.

page_text: The other end of the first motion shaft a carries a ratchet wheel o into which
engages a pawl p fig. 2 secured to a disk forming part of the sleeve above
referred to. As the sleeve is loose on the first motion shaft a, the descent of the
weight h causes the said shaft to turn, owing to its connection therewith by means
of the ratchet wheel o and pawl p.
The cord e secured, at one end, to the spirally grooved portion d of the sleeve is
secured, at its other end, to the top of a piston rod, the pistons of which is
fitted inside a cylinder t formed with a base plate u. vis the inlet cock and w the
outlet cock for the motive fluid, acting to raise the weight to its original position
shown in the drawing.
h
Operation. The weight being in the uppermost position, as in the drawing and
the piston s being also in its uppermost position, the motor can be started by opening
the outlet cock w, the inlet cock y being closed. The weight in descending,
unwinds its cord g and causes the sleeve to turn, at the same time imparting rotary
motion, by means of the ratchet wheel o and pawl p, to the first motion shaft a.
Motion is then transmitted to the dental engine or other tool to be driven by means
of the intermediate gear described and shown or by means of any other. As the
sleeve turns under the influence of the weight, the spirally grooved portion & winds
the cord e and causes the piston rod r and piston to descend and to expel through the
outlet w the water contained in the cylinder t.
The weight is now descended to the utmost together with the pistons; the cord
has unrolled completely whilst the cord e has been wound on to the spiral grooves d.
The motor will now cease to develop rotary motion.
In order to raise the weight to the position shown in fig. 1 I apply hydraulic
pneumatic or steam pressure to the piston s allowing the motive to enter the cylinder t
by the inlet cock and to raise the pistons to its highest point. As the piston s
rises, its rod r draws the cord e upwards thus causing the said cord to unwind and at
the same time causing the loose sleeve d, f, g to turn on its axis. As the loose sleeve
turns the pawl p passes over the teeth of the ratchet wheel o and at the same time, the
cord g winds upon the smooth portion f and raises the weight h. As soon as the
weight is again raised the piston s has assumed its uppermost position; the inlet
cock v is closed and the motor is again ready to supply rotary motion, upon opening
the outlet w.
V
The opening and closing of the cock and w can be effected automatically with a
view of rendering the action of the motor continuous, by establishing a mechanical
contrivance between the piston rod r and the cocks v w.
Fig. 4 sheet 2 is a sectional front elevation and,
Fig 5 sheet 2 a side elevation of a motor constructed in accordance with the second
arrangement above mentioned.
In this arrangement, the inlet and outlet w, for the motive fluid, are above the
piston 8, so that as the fluid enters, it causes the piston to descend. The piston rod r
passing through a suitable stuffing box not shown carries, at its upper part, the
two ends of an endless chain, strap or cord e passing over a pulley eat tho top
and over a pulley e³ secured to the sleeve d, f, g. As the piston $ descends, its
rod carries the endless chain e' with it and causes the sleeve d f q to turn; the
latter imparts its rotary motion to the gearing i j k l m n owing to its connexion with
the shaft a by a ratchet o and pawl p as previously described in regard to the first
arrangement. At the same time the weight h rises. As soon as the pistons has
descended to its lowermost position, the weight h is in its highest position; the inlet
cock is then closed and the outlet opened. The weight then descends and in so
doing, causes the sleeve df q to turn loose on its axis a and raise the pistons; the
water is expelled from the cylinder t by the outlet w, the said sleeve turning loose
on the axis a as will be clearly understood.
The described motor has been particularly devised for producing motion as re-
quired at intermittent times, for instance for dental purposes. It may be constructed
of such a size as to be suitable for driving dental engines and dental tools, but it
may also be made of larger sizes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
First. The employment of hydraulic, pneumatic or steam pressure for raising the
weight of a motor to its uppermost and starting position, by means of any suitable
intermediate gearing, as described with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3.
Second. A motor for developing motion from a weight, consisting in the com-
bination of a loose sleeve d fq on a first motion shaft a with a cylinder t, piston 8,
cord e, and with a ratchet wheel o and spring pawl p, as described with reference
to fig. 1, 2 and 3.
Third. A motor for developing motion from a weight h comprising a driving
gear ij k l m n of any suitable kind, a cylinder t, piston s, inlet and outlet cocks v, w
and a device, operated by the piston rod r, for restoring the weight to its original
starting position, after it has been allowed to descend, as described with reference to
fig. 1 2 and 3.
Fourth. A weight acting through an intermediate gearing, as described, for
restoring the piston s of a motor to its uppermost starting position, as described
with reference to fig. 4 and 5.
Fifth. The combination, in a motor of a weight h, sleeve d fq, ratchet o, pawl p,
driving shaft a, with a piston s, piston rod », cord or chain e¹ and pullies e² e³, as
described with reference to fig. 4 and 5 and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of Januar 1988