IMPROVE- IN MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDED ORNAMENTAL ARTICLES IMITATION OF WOOD OR OTHER CARVINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel of N° 28 Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
IN
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDED ORNAMENTAL ARTICLES
IMITATION OF WOOD OR OTHER CARVINGS" communicated to him from abroad
by Cornelius William Radeke at present of Berlin in the German Empire
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd December 1883.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDED
ORNAMENTAL ARTICLES IN IMITATION OF WOOD OR OTHER CARVINGS" [communi-
cated to him from abroad by Cornelius William Radeke at present of Berlin in the
German Empire]
In the Specification to Letters Patent granted to me on the 4th July 1881
No 2914 for an invention communicated to me from abroad, was described a
composition and its application for the manufacture of moulded ornamental articles
in imitation of wood and other carvings. The present invention, also communicated
to me from abroad, relates to a new or improved composition and treatment for this
purpose, whereby ornamental articles can be produced of great strength and
durability. As no albuminous, glutinous or farinaceous ingredients are employed
in the composition, the articles produced from it are capable of resisting the effects
of atmospheric changes in respect of temperature and moisture. The compound
employed consists mostly of sawdust, powdered resin and slaked lime, which may
be mixed in various proportions, such as from 8 to 18 parts by measure of sawdust,
1 to 10 parts of resin, and 1 to 10 parts of slaked lime. Instead of slaked lime,
other finely powdered refractory substance such as infusorial earth, may be
employed, and a little wax may be added to the resin. These materials, in a
finely divided condition and quite dry, are fed into heated moulds and subjected
to considerable pressure, the heat being maintained during compression. When it

page_text: is desired to give a true wooden surface to the moulded article, it is faced with
veneer in the manner described in the Specification above referred to; that is to
say, before charging the mould with the composition, pieces of veneer are laid on
the matrix, and these, by the pressure applied to the composition, are made to
take the form of the mould. When the veneer cracks or breaks under the
distortion to which it is subjected, fresh pieces of veneer are placed on the matrix
and the article is again compressed in the mould. The veneer, before being put
into the mould, is coated on the side presented towards the composition with glue
prepared in the following manner. Pieces of best animal glue are soaked in milk
until they become soft and then boiled in milk to the required consistence, with or
without the addition of a little colophon or resin dissolved in turpentine.
Open moulds may be used, the compression being effected by pressing down
covers on them, but much more complete results are obtained by the use of moulds
consisting of a matrix having a die fitting into it like a piston or plunger. The
face of this die may be flat when it is desired to produce flat backed articles, or it
may be made approximately to the shape of the matrix when the article may be
hollow at the back.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton Abel in the Patent Office on the 21st June 1884.
"
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDED
ORNAMENTAL ARTICLES IN IMITATION OF WOOD OR OTHER CARVINGS a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Cornelius William Radeke at present of Berlin in the
German Empire,
:
In the Specification to Letters Patent granted to me on the 4th July 1881
N° 2914 for an invention communicated to me from abroad, was described a
composition and its application for the manufacture of moulded ornamental articles
in imitation of wood and other carvings. The present invention, also communi-
cated to me from abroad, relates to a new or improved composition and treatment
for this purpose, whereby ornamental articles can be produced of great strength
and durability. As no albuminous, glutinous or farinaceous ingredients are
employed in the composition, the articles produced from it are capable of resisting
the effects of atmospheric changes in respect of temperature and moisture, and they
are not liable to rapid decay and decomposition. The compound employed consists
mostly of sawdust, powdered resin and slaked lime, which may be mixed in various
proportions, such as from 8 to 18 parts by measure of sawdust, 1 to 10 parts of
resin, and 1 to 10 parts of slaked lime. Instead of slaked lime, other finely
powdered refractory substance such as infusorial earth, may be employed, and a
little wax may be added to the resin. These materials in a finely divided
condition, and quite dry, are fed into heated moulds and subjected to considerable
pressure, the heat, being maintained during compression. When it is desired to
give a true wooden surface to the moulded article, it is faced with veneer in the
manner described in the Specification above referred to; that is to say, before
charging the mould with the composition, pieces of veneer are laid on the matrix,
and these, by the pressure applied to the composition, are made to take the form
of the mould. When the veneer cracks or breaks, under the distortion to which it
is subjected, fresh pieces of veneer are placed on the matrix and the article is again
compressed in the mould. The veneer, before being put into the mould, is coated
on the side presented towards the composition with glue prepared in the following
manner. Pieces of best animal glue are soaked in milk or cold water until they
become soft and then boiled in milk to the required consistence, with or without
the addition of a little colophon or resin dissolved in turpentine.
The
Open moulds may be used, the compression being effected by pressing down
covers on them, but much more complete results are obtained by the use of moulds
consisting of a matrix having a die fitting into it like a piston or plunger.
face of this die may be flat when it is desired to produce flat backed articles, or it
may be made approximately to the shape of the matrix when the article may be
hollow at the back.
In operating according to this invention, great care should be taken that the
materials compounded are perfectly dry and they should also be in the state of a
finely divided powder, especially the resin and the lime.
A pulverised compound, suitable for the above mentioned purpose and with
which good results have been obtained is produced by the following proportions:

page_text: preferably effected just before the above compound is fed into the moulds; the wax
is finely shredded and thoroughly mixed with the compound.
The object of adding the wax is to dispense with the employment of larger
quantities of resins, which may otherwise become necessary when sawdust derived
from common light woods such for example as fir, beech &c is employed in the
compound.
In employing the preparation of glue above described for coating the veneer, a
small quantity of colophonium or best resin, previously dissolved in turpentine may
be added thereto.
The engraved part of the moulds should be heated to about 212° Fahr. but the
plunger or lid should be subjected to a higher temperature, say up to about
300° Fahr.
The pressure employed may be varied according to the size of the article to be
produced and the height of its relievo-surfaces; but it should not be less than
about 2000 lbs on the square inch; large high objects require a greater pressure than
small flat objects.
Having thus described the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
I claim:-
First. The improved manufacture of moulded ornamental articles in imitation of
wood or other carvings, substantially as herein described.
Second. The use for the production of moulded articles in imitation of wood
and other carvings, of a compound consisting of sawdust, resin and a refractory
material, such as slaked lime or infusorial earth, the said ingredients being mixed
and used in a perfectly dry state, substantially as herein described.
In Witness whereof I the said Charles Denton Abel have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty first day of June in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-four.
ATTAR
ת
ADET