Water Coil and Pipe Cleansing Boilers.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 19th July, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Water Coil and Pipe Cleansing Boilers.
We THE WESTERN COIL AND PIPE CLEANSING COMPANY of Baltimore City, a
Corporation duly organized by and under the laws of the State of Maryland one of
the United States of America, and RUFUS WADDELL APPLEGARTH, 12 East
Lexington Street, City of Baltimore, State of Maryland, U.S.A. and EVERETT
DESSETTE MOORE of the same City & State do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be perforined, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to provide a simple, economical and thoroughly
efficient means of steaming, washing, flushing and cooling the pipes of a beverage
drawing apparatus without the use of chemicals, which pipes are liable to become foul
and internally coated with sediment from the liquors or beverages passed through them,
especially when standing in them over night. The impurities which are thus deposited
in the pipes of a beverage drawing apparatus are liable to taint the liquor and are
often injurious to health.
Heretofore the pipes of a beverage drawing apparatus have been cleansed to some
extent by forcing through them solutions of potash, lime and other substances, which,
however, are liable themselves to form injurious compounds in the pipes. This
invention obviates these difficulties by providing a means for thoroughly cleansing
the pipes with steam and hot water as hereinafter described.
This apparatus may be employed primarily as a steam generator wherever steam is
necessary for any purpose, the rapidity with which steam may be generated in it,
is so great as to inake it very effective for many purposes.
In the drawings, Figure 1, is a sectional elevation of the improved steam generator
and pipe cleansing apparatus.
Figure 2, is a plan of the same with its cover removed.
Figure 3, is a view of the under side of the top plate of the burner for heating the
steam generator.
Figure 4, is an elevation of a modified form of the pipe steaming and cleansing
apparatus.
Figure 5, is a plan of the same with cover removed.
4 ..
Figure 6, is a sectional elevation of the form of steam generator and steam
separating chamber shown in Figures I and 5 with attached gauges and relief
valve.
Referring to the drawings the numeral 1, designates a stand provided with legs 2,
and having a central opening in which is supported an atinospheric or Bunsen gas-
burner 3, to the lower end of which a gas supply tube 4, is or may be attached." In
the lower part of the gas-burner 3, are a number of air inlets 5, 5, for the admission
of atmospheric air to become mixed with the gas supplied to the burner. The upper
part of the burner 3, is flared outwardly as shown in Figure 1, to form a circular
bottom plate 6, having an upwardly flanged rim 7, on which a circular top plate 8, is
supported. The top plate 8, is of greater diameter than the bottom plate 6, and is
secured thereto by screws 9, or otherwise. The under side of the top plate 8, is beveled
at the periphery and provided with an annular series of radiating grooves 10, for exit
of the mixture of gas and air from the space between the burner plate. On the
under side of the top plate 8, at suitable intervals between the grooves 10 as shown in
Figure 3, may be located lugs 11, to engage the inner side of the flange rim 7, for the
purpose of properly centering the top plate.
On the stand 1, within an annular flange 12, formed thereon, is supported a
cylindrical shell or casing 13, having a series of lateral inlets 14, near its lower end.
If desired the air inlets 15, may be provided in the span 1, on which the shell 13 is
supported.

page_text: Within the shell or casing 13, is a water heating and steam generating coil 16,
having the form of a frustum of a cone, arranged with its larger end downward and
near the lower end of the casing. This coil is securely supported in the shell or
casing by means of its inlet and outlet pipes, which perforate said casing near its
upper end.
The upper or inlet leg a, of the coil 16, is extended upward to connect, by means
of a bend or elbow 17, with a horizontal water inlet pipe 18, through which water
may be introduced to flood the coil when desired. This inlet pipe 18, is provided
outside the shell or casing 13, with a hand valve 19 for controlling the supply of water.
Cominunicating with the main water inlet pipe 18, on opposite sides of the valve 19,
as shown in Figure 2, is a by-pass tube 20, of smaller diameter, and provided with
a small valve 21, which is to be opened and the large valve 19, closed when it is desired
to adinit into the coil 16, only a small stream or spray of water for the purpose of
rapidly generating steam in said coil, which should be previously heated. The same
result can be obtained by providing the main water inlet pipe with a valve having two
passages of different dianieters-one for a large stream of water when it is desired to
Hood the coil and the other for a small stream to cause a spray, when the coil is to be
used for generating steam.
The lower or outlet leg b, of the coil 16, is preferably extended upward along the
inside of the shell 13, and connects with a bend or elbow 22, which in turn connects
with an inlet pipe 23, which is passed horizontally through the shell.
Water may be supplied to the inlet pipe 18 through a hose or flexible tubing 25,
that can connect with a house service pipe or other convenient water supply, and steam
and water may be delivered from the outlet pipe 23, through a hose or flexible
tubing 24, adapted to be connected to one end of said outlet pipe and at the other end
with the pipes to be cleansed and flushed.
It will be seen that the lower portion of the coil 16, surrounds the flaring Bunsen
burner 3, in such a manner as to receive the full effect of the radiating jets of non-
luminous but intensely heating flame issuing from the radiating grooves or gas
exits 10, of the atmospheric gas burner. The coil 16, may be thus quickly heated
before admitting water thereto and then by opening the valve 21, a small stream or
spray of water can be introduced through the by-pass 20, into the heated coil 16,
where it will be quickly converted into steam and can be conducted through the
hose 24, into and through the pipes of any beverage drawing apparatus. The steam
that is thus passed through the pipes to be cleansed will soften and loosen the slime,
scales and sediments accumulated therein, so that such impure and injurious deposits
will readily become detached and be forced out at the open tap or faucet. The
sediment or scum being softened and somewhat removed by means of the steam passed
into and through the foul pipes of the beverage drawing apparatus, the valve 19, of
the main water inlet pipe 18, should now be opened so as to admit sufficient water to
flood the heated coil 16, in which the water will become quickly heated and, passing
on to the beverage pipe, will force out any scale or sediment which may not have been
removed by this steam. The supply of gas to the burner 3, should now be cut off so
as to extinguish the flame, and a continuous stream of cold water may now be passed
through the coil 16, and into the connected pipes of the beverage drawing apparatus
to cool the same and remove every particle of sediment.
By providing the main water inlet pipe 18, with a hand valve 19, and a by-pass 20,
of sumaller diameter and having a valve 21, as described whereby one valve admits
only sufficient water to generate steam while the other or larger valve must be opened
to supply sufficient water to flood the coil, a simple and convenient means is provided
for properly operating the apparatus, without requiring the services of a skilled
engineer.
The lower part of the coil 16, is provided with a draw-off cock 26, for draining the
coil aiter it has been in use.
As shown, the shield or casing 13, is provided with a conical top or a movable cover
having a chimney 28, for the exit of products of combustion.
In order to retain the heat of the apparatus and render it more economical, the

page_text: casing 13, may have a lining 29, of asbestos or other fire-proof material and a layer.
or plate 30, of similar material, may be placed above the water heating and steain
generating coil so as to save as much heat as possible by reflection:+
:
The modified form of apparatus shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6. inay be described as
follows:
'i
The steam generator consists of a cylindrical metallic shell 31, resting on a flanged
botton plate 32, having legs 33, by which the generator is supported at a suitable
height. On the upper end of the cylindrical shell 31, is placed a removable cover 34,
which is preferably formed as a frustum of a cone and is provided at the apex with a
cylindrical chimney 35, for the escaping products of combustion.
In the lower part of the shell 31, is supported a horizontal gas-pipe 36, the inner
end of which is turned upward as shown at 37, in Figure 6, while its outer end
projects beyond the shell for attachment of a piece of flexible tubing.38, that may be
connected when desired with any convenient gas supply pipe. On the inner end of
the pipe 36, is supported any suitable gas-burner preferably the form shown in
Figure 1.
In Figure 6, I have shown a construction that embodies the advantages of the
Bunsen and the Argand burners; but I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to a burner of any particular form of construction.
As shown in Figure 6, the upturned inner end 37, of the gas pipe 36, is surrounded
by a vertical gas and air nixing tube 39, which is open at its lower end and closed at
its upper end. A number of horizontal tubes 40, radiate from the upper portion of
the gas and air mixing tube 39, and support an annular burner 41, having a series
of perforations 42, for the exit of the gas. The gas exits are preferably arranged on
the outer and upward portion of the annular burner tube 41, as shown, so as to direct
the flaine outward.
On the upper closed end of the gas and air mixing tube 39, is secured a deflector
plate 43,that is of greater diameter than the annular burner, so as to project somewhat
beyond the same. The end of this deflector is curved upward.and outward, as
shown, to, direct the jet flames of the annular burner against or towards the lower
portion of a spirally coiled water pipe 44, that is supported within the generator
shell.
The coil 44,extends vertically through the greater part of the height of the generator
shell and is preferably in the form of the frustum of a cone, having its smaller
diameter at the top or upper end of the coil where it receives water through an elbow 45,
which connects with a horizontally arranged pipe 46, Figure 5,having a check valve 47,
and a hand valve 48, located therein, the check valve being arranged in that part of
the pipe 16, which is within the shell 31, while the hand valve 483 is near the outer
end of the pipe 46, and exterior to the generator shell, where its will be readily
accessible. The outer end of the pipe 46, is preferably screw threaded as shown, for
attachment of a flexible tube 49, Figure 4, that inay connect with a faucet 50, on a
stationary or fixed house service pipe 51, which connects with a city water main or
other suitable supply having a sufficient head. The lower leg of the coil:44, communi-
cates through a pipe or tube 52, with a lower part of a drum or inanifold 53; that
serves as an expansion chamber for the steam generated in the coil 44; and in which
chamber or manifold the steam and water are separated.
I!,.
From the upper end of the chamber 53, the steam passes, through pipes 54, 55
and 56, connected by elbows 57, to the upper leg of a steam superheating pipe.coil 58,
that closely surrounds the upper portion of the steam generating scoil 44, and is
preferably extended downward to near its lower end, leaving, however, sufficient space
for the circulation of heated air between the coil and the generator.shells. The lower
leg of the steam generating coil 58, is bent upward and extended to the top of said
coil in the form of a vertical pipe 59, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 6, to connect
with horizontal pipes 60 and 62, through elbows 61, Figure 5, the pipe 62, being
extended through the upper part of the generator shell and provided on the outside
thereof with a hand valve 63, and with a threaded end for attachment of a hose or
flexible tube 64, through which water and steam can be conveyed to the pipes to be

page_text: cleansed. In order to facilitate the attachment of the hose 64, it may be provided
with a coupling 65, of ordinary construction.
1
For the purpose of obstructing the direct ascent of heat from the burner" centrally
through the coils to the chimney. 35; a baffle plate or deflector 66, is-supported in a
suitable manner in the lower part of the space inclosed by the inner or steam generating
coil 44, in such a inanner as to deflect the heat outward into more direct contact with
the steam generating and superheating coils, and thus cause the greater part of the
products of combustion to circulate freely in the space between the coils and generator
shell before escaping through the chimney. It will be seen that the coils 44 and 58,
one surrounding the other, afford within a compact space a more extended heating
surface for generating and superheating steam than in the simpler form of theapparatus
shown in Figure 1, and heretofore described, which surface is further extended by the
manner of effecting communication between these separate coils through the drum 53,
in which the steam is allowed to expand before passing to the superheater.
A sufficient supply of air to support combustion and provide for a proper mixture of
gas and air in the burner is afforded through air inlets 67, in the lower part of the
generator shell.
The same device is employed in this apparatus as in the former one for retaining
the heat, that is to say the walls are coated with asbestos or other fire proof material
and a baffle plate 70, is suspended above the steam generating coils.
The drum or expansion chamber 53, is provided with a detachable bottom plate 71,
which can be removed to draw off the water in said chamber and to facilitate cleansing
the chamber when required. The chamber 53, is provided also with a detachable top
plate 72, which can be removed for cleansing said chamber. In this top plate 72, is
supported a relief valve 73, the stern of which is provided with a spring 74, having a
bearing at its upper end on a cross head 75, engaged with the guide rod 76, which
are threaded for attachment of nuts 77, by which the valve can be adjusted to any
desired pressure:
A pressure gauge 78, is connected with the expansion chamber 53, by means of a
pipe 69, which communicates with the upper part of said chamber. The expansion
chamber or drum 53, is provided also with a water gauge 80, of any suitable construc-
tion. Either the relief valve or steam pressure gauge may be dispensed with if
desired. Should the relief valve 73, be omitted the hand valve 63, can be used for
blowing off steam! while by employing the relief valve and setting it at the desired
pressure the gauge 78, may be omitted.
In using this apparatus for cleansing pipes through which beer and wine and other
liquids have been conveyed from a keg or barrel to the draft tap or faucet of a beverage
drawing apparatus I prefer to first heat the coils 44 and 58, and the surrounding
shell 31, by means of a gas-burner the hand valve 63, being closed and the hand
valve 48, partly opened, I admit water gradually into the coil 44, through the pipes 46
and 49, that connect with the faucet 50, as before described. For the purpose of
generating steam in the coil 44, it is desirable that only a quantity of water sufficient
to be at once converted into steam, or if more be used to only partly fill said coil
thus facilitating the generation of steam in the coil. After circulating slowly and
in comparatively small volume through the coil 44, the water and steam pass into
the expansion chamber 53, where the steam is separated from the water and then
passes through the pipes 54, 55 and 56, into the super heating coil 58, while more
water is admitted to the steam generating coil. The quantity of water and steam
in the apparatus, will thus be indicated by the water gauge and steam pressure
gauge respectively. When a sufficient quantity of superheated steam has been
accumulated in the apparatus and the hose or flexible tube 64, has been attached
to the pipe to be cleansed the hand valve 63, will be opened and a quantity of
steam be allowed. to pass from the superheating coil of 58, into and through the
foul pipe, whence it escapes at the tap. The superheated steam thus conveyed
into and through ithe pipe or pipes to be cleansed will soften, disintegrate and
detach the slimescale and sediment which have been deposited in said pipe or
pipes and will remove quantities of the same through the tap or faucet at the

page_text: exit. end of the pipe. A large supply of water may now be turned on which will
be heated as it flows through the coils and will wash out of the pipes all sediment
and filth which has been loosened by the steam. The gas may now be turned off
and the water which continues to flow being cold will gradually cool down and
thoroughly cleanse the pipes.
While the apparatus is in use for heating water and producing superheated
steain the hand valve 63, being closed and the hand valve 48 being partly opened,
the check valve 47, will prevent the return of hot water and steain and cause the
steady circulation through the coil.
The same device for supplying a jet of water for conversion into steam and a
large stream of water for flushing which were described as used in connection
with the form of apparatus shown in Figure 1, are also employed in connection
with this apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. The combination of a shell or casing having air-inlets near the bottom, a
water-heating and steam-generating coil supported in said casing, and a valved
inlet-pipe communicating with the upper end of said coil and adapted to admit
thereto either a large or small stream of water, the lower leg of said coil being
extended upward within the casing and adapted at its upper end for attachment
of a flexible hose, substantially as described.
2. The combination of a shell or casing having air-inlets near the bottom, a
Bunsen burner located in the lower part of said shell, a water-heating and steam-
generating coil supported in the shell or casing with its lower portion in
position to be acted on by the diverging flame-jets of the Bunsen burner, a valved
inlet-pipe communicating with the upper end of the coil for the purpose of intro-
ducing water to flood the same, said inlet-pipe provided with a by-pass having a
petty valve to control the introduction of a small stream of water into the coil
for the purpose of generating steam therein, a draw-off cock located in the lower
part of the coil, and an outlet-pipe extending from the lower end of the coil, sub-
stantially as described.
3. The combination of a steam-generator comprising an outer shell having air-
inlets near the bottom, a gas-burner located in the lower part of said shell, a
steam-generating coil supported above the burner, a steain-superheating coil
surrounding the steam-generating coil, a drum or expansion-chamber located
outside the generator-shell and communicating with the generating and super-
heating coils, a valved pipe for conveying water into the steam generating coil,
and a valved pipe leading from the superheating coil, substantially as described.
4. The combination of a steam-generator comprising generating and superheating
coils inclosed by a shell, a drum or expansion-chamber located outside the
generator-shell in communication with said coils and provided with water and
steam gauges, a pipe for supplying the steam-generating coil with water, a pipe
for conducting steain and water from the superheating-coil through a hose to the
pipe or pipes to be cleansed, and valves for controlling the inlet and outlet pipes
of the generator, substantially as described.
5. The combination of a steam-generator comprising an outer shell having air-
inlets and a chinney, a gas-burner located in the lower part of the generator-shell, a
steam-generating coil located above the gas-burner, a steam-superheating coil
surrounding the steam-generating coil, a deflector-plate located above the burner in
the lower part of the space inclosed by the steam-generating coil, a baffle-plate
located above said deflector, a heat-retaining plate located above the superheating and
generating coils, and an asbestos lining for the generator-shell, substantially as
described.
6. The combination of a steain-generator having steam-generating and super-
heating coils, baffle-plates for retaining the heat in contact with said coils, a drum

page_text: or expansion-chamber communicating with the generating and superheating coils,
a valved pipe for delivering a regulated supply of water to the generating-coil,
and pipes for conducting steam and water from the coils to the pipe or pipes to
be cleansed, substantially as described.
7. The combination, with a steam-generating coil 44, having air-inlet pipe 46,
provided with valve 48, of the by-pass tube 82, provided with valve 83, substan-
tially as described.
8. The combination of a heater, a pipe-coil located above the heater, a valved
pipe leading into one end of the pipe-coil and having a valved by-pass also leading
into said coil, and a flexible tube communicating with the coil and adapted to be
connected to the pipe or pipes to be cleansed, substantially as described.
9. The combination of a water-heating and steam-generating coil having a valved
inlet provided with a valved by-pass, flexible tubing for delivering water to the
said coil and flexible tubing for conveying steam and water from the coil to the
pipe to be cleansed, substantially as described.
THE WESTERN COIL & PIPE CLEANSING Co.
RUFUS W. APPLEGARTH.
EVERETT D. MOORE.
By McKenna & Co.,
Agents.
THE WESTERN COIL & PIPE CLEANSING Có.
RUFUS W. APPLEGARTH.
EVERETT D. MOORE.
By McKenna & Co.,
Agents.