Improvements in Lamps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
I, JOHN HODGSON LEE, of 3 Blomfield Pavement, Uxbridge Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
In order to be able to regulate and control the amount of air passing to the
flame of a lamp I surround the burner with a chimney as heretofore usual and I
cause all air passing up to the interior of the chimney to pass through a valve or
valves by which the admission of air can be regulated according to requirements
of flame or can be entirely cut off so as to extinguish the flame.
Preferably I form the valve or valves of two slotted plates or cylinders placed
together, one fixed whilst the other is moveable so that the slots in one may be
brought to coincide or more or less to overlap those in the other and thus regulate
the supply of air to the chimney or can be brought into such a position that the
solid portions of one plate may overlap the slots in the other and so prevent the
passage of any air.
I in some cases form the upper portion of the wick of a block of powdered
charcoal held together by a solution of sugar starch tar or other carbonizable
liquid and subsequently carbonized.
When the burner is cylindrical with a central draught and has the upper portion
of the wick formed of a moulded ring of carbon (or other porous material which
will not consume as the lamp burns) I surround both the inner and outer circum-
ference of this ring with a ring of metal making the edges of the metal rings to
be flush with the top and bottom surfaces of the carbon block.
The outer metal ring I form of larger diameter at the bottom than at the top-
the change in diameter taking place suddenly so as to forin a shoulder.
The lower part of the metal rings I also make to fit accurately into the upper
part of the cylindrical burner and I hold the outer ring down by another ring
which screws onto the exterior of the burner and has an inwardly projecting flange
at the top which can be brought down onto and made to bear against the shoulder
above mentioned.
The lower part of the cylindrical burner is closed by an annular plate through
which a number of wick tubes descend to the oil reservoir.
A wick is led up through each of these tubes and at the top is spread out so as
to cover over the bottom of the cylindrical burner and form a bed for the bottom
of the carbon block to rest on.
Dated this 19th day of December 1892.
JOHN HODGSON LEE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
I, JOHN HODGSON LEE, of 3 Blomfield Pavement, Uxbridge Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In order to be able to regulate and control the amount of air passing to the
flame of a lamp I surround the burner with a chimney as heretofore usual and I
cause all air passing up to the interior of the chimney to pass through a valve or

page_text: .
valves by which the admission of air can be regulated according to requirements
of flame or can be entirely cut off so as to extinguish the flame.
When the burner is cylindrical with a central draught and has the upper portion
of the wick formed of a moulded ring of carbon (or other porous material which
will not consume as the lamp burns) I surround both the inner and outer circum-
ference of this ring with a ring- of metal making the edges of the metal rings to
be flush with the top and bottom surfaces of the carbon block. This prevents the
edges of the carbon blocks from being chipped and damaged and renders it easy to
remove one carbon block from a lamp and substitutė another for it.
The outer metal ring may be formed of larger diameter at the bottom than
at the top-the change in diameter taking place suddenly so as to form a shoulder.
The lower part of the metal rings I also make to fit accurately into the upper
part of the cylindrical burner and I hold the outer ring down by another ring
which screws onto the exterior of the burner and has an inwardly projecting flange
at the top which can be brought down onto and made to bear against the shoulder
above mentioned
The lower part of the cylindrical burner is closed by an annular plate through
which a number of wick tubes descend to the oil reservoir.
A wick is led up through each of these tubes and at the top is spread out so as
to cover over the bottom of the cylindrical burner and form a bed for the bottom
of the carbon block to rest on.
In some cases I form the upper portion of the wick of a block formed from
powdered charcoal held together by a solution of sugar or starch or by tar or
other carbonizable liquid and subsequently carbonized just as is now done in the
manufacture of carbon pencils for electric lamps or carbon blocks for filters.
Figure 1 of the drawings annexed shews a side elevation partly in section of a
lamp constructed according to my invention.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section through the wick tubes.
Figure 3 is a vertical section and Figure 4 an underside view of the carbon
block which forms the top of the wick.
A is the oil reservoir. B is the burner. C¹ C¹ are wick tubes descending
from the burner to a cap C which screws onto the top of the oil reservoir-all air
passing to the interior of the flame has to pass through the spaces between the
tubes C
The upper portions of the cotton wicks which rise up through the wick tubes
are spread out and made to fill the lower part of the burner B whilst the upper
part of the burner is filled with an annular block C* of charcoal or carbonaceous
material held between an inner and outer ring of metal-this block is shown
separately at Figures 3 and 4.
The bottom portion of the outer ring may as shewn be made of larger diameter
than the top portion both externally and internally so that the block C* may be
held down into the upper part of the burner by a screw ring C³ which is formed at
the top with an inwardly projecting flange to rest on the shoulder of the outer
metallic ring or the block may be held in place by a bayonet joint or in other
suitable ways.
D is the ordinary glass chimney resting on a gallery E carried by a perforated
tube F which rises up from the lower part of the burner: G is an air chamber
below the level of the bottom of the chimney through which all air rising to the
burner has to pass. The air chamber G is formed of a metal plate H projecting
from the gallery and a cup H' carried by a ring which screws on to a quick threaded
screw F formed around the exterior of the cap C. 1 is a handle projecting from
the cup H by which it can be turned and so raised or lowered to regulate or close
the space between its upper edge and the plate H.
Figure 5 is an elevation mostly in section of a lamp fitted with a modified con-
struction of the air regulating and extinguishing valve.
Figure 6 is an underside view of the valve.
In this construction the valve is as shewn composed of two concentric slotted.,

page_text: discs or rings H. K fitting closely one above the other one H fixed and the other K
capable of being turned.
When the moveable disc is turned into such a position that the portions of one
disc which are not cut away come above or below the slots cut through the other
disc no air can pass to the burner and the flame is extinguished. If the slots are
more or less uncovered air passes to the burner the amount of air allowed to pass
depending on the extent to which the slots are uncovered.
Figure 7 shews another modified construction of the valve. In this construction
two slotted cylinders H K are used one H fixed and the other K capable of being
turned around it.
The carbon blocks which serve as the upper part of the wicks I form by
preference in the following manner :-
I mix 6 parts by weight of wood charcoal with 3 parts Stockholm tar and
2 parts solution of sodium silicate. This mixture is pressed into the brass case
and then packed in sand or a muffle and baked for several hours at
red heat.
a dull
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
1. A lamp having an air chamber below the level of the gallery on which the
chimney rests through which all air has to pass before it can rise to the burner and
a valve by which the entrance of air to this chamber can be entirely cut off and
the flame thereby extinguished or more or less allowed to pass and the amount of
air passing to the burner thereby regulated.
2. The combination of the annular burner B the wick tubes C¹ descending from
it, the glass chimney D resting on a gallery E the air chamber G below the gallery
and enclosing the whole assemblage of wick tubes and an air valve for controlling
the admission of air to the chamber and so both to the exterior and to the interior
of the annular flame.
3. The arrangements shown at Figures 1, 5 and 7 for controlling the admission
of air both to the exterior and interior of an annular burner.
4. Forming the upper part of the wick of a lamp of a ring of carbonaceous
material held between an inner and outer ring of thin metal substantially as
described with reference to Figures 3 and 4.
°
5. Forming the upper part of the wick of a lamp from a carbonaceous block
made by admixing powdered charcoal with a solution of sugar or starch or with
tar or other carbonizable liquid and subsequently carbonizing the mixture.
6. Forming the upper part of the wick of a lamp from a carbonaceous block
made substantially in the manner herein before described.
ated this 18th day of September 1893.
J. H. LEE.