Improvements in Electrical Apparatus for Indicating the Progress and Result of Races, Games, and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by SAMUEL DIMMICK MOTT, of Passaic, New
Jersey, United States of America, Electrician.]
Improvements in Electrical Apparatus for Indicating the Progress
and Result of Races, Games, and the like.
1, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to produce a visual indicator with a plurality of
changeable parts which may be operated by an electric circuit to indicate, by the
proper movements of its said parts, the varying conditions of any event, as for
instance, a game of cricket or of base ball, a horse race or other sporting event.
The main purpose of the invention has been to provide an instrument of this
kind, of such character that any desired number of them may be connected with a
single electric circuit and operated from a given point, which may be on the
grounds or track where the event is in progress or at any other point from which
information as to the progress of the event may be sent out.
In this respect, the invention, except as to its ultimate purpose, resembles the
instruments which are now used to report quotations of stock and other news and
which are placed in hotels, clubs, and similar places and operated from a central
office.
It differs, however, from such devices, in that it is arranged to exhibit at a glance
the condition of a game or other event at any point of its progress, the changeable
parts being under the control of the operator so that as the event progresses they
are moved or set accordingly to indicate the indications or changes in the condition
of the event.
For example, I employ an indicating device containing a certain number of
pointers or hands or cylinders or travelling bands, portions of which latter only are
exposed through openings in the face of the indicator. The said hands or cylinders
are independently movable and are appropriately designated by numbers or figures
to correspond with the contestants and with the several parts or positions in the
event which is taking place. Some of the movable parts of the instrument are
controlled by hand, while others are operated by electrical devices, or all are
controlled by electricity.
With such an instrument the operator may turn or set any one or more of the movable
parts to indicate or expose any given numbers or characters which will indicate
corresponding conditions in the event in progress.
Various forms of mechanism may be employed for effecting this independent con-
trol of the changeable element of the indicator. The principle of construction
and mode of operation of the instrument above described are illustrated in the
accompanying drawings
―:
Fig. 1 is a general diagram of the system adapted to contain instruments for
indicating the progress of a game, such as the game known as base ball, the trans-
mitting instrument being shown at A, a complete indicator being shown in front
elevation at B, and the operative parts contained in one of the indicators at C.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the apparatus and circuit connection of a modified form
of indicating instrument.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the operative parts of an indicating instrument
embodying the invention and constructed for the special purpose of displaying the

page_text: relative positions of the contestants.
Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic detail of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a similar view of a modification of Fig. 3, and
Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail of a modification of Fig. 5.
When an indicator has but four parts that it is necessary or desirable to control
by electricity, it is constructed and operated as will be explained by reference to
Fig. 1.
The indicator consists of a box or case D, with a number of openings through
which are exposed cards or cylinders upon which are printed names, dates and the
like, which said cards or cylinders are adapted to be changed or turned by hand.
Any number of these may be used provided they display only facts or conditions
which do not vary during the progress of a game or other event, such, for example,
as the names of contestants, places, dates and the like.
One or more cylinders and one or more pointers, four in all, are provided in the
indicator to be controlled by an electric current. The cylinders E E', are exposed
through openings, and said cylinders carry ratchet wheels engaged by pawls F,
carried by armature levers G, G, of two electro-magnets H, H.
The two pointers I, I', sweep over a dial or index plate, said pointers being moved
independently by ratchet wheels J and pawls K, engaging therewith and carried by
'armature levers L, L' of electro-magnets M, M.
The magnets M, M', are what are known as slow acting magnets, that is to say,
they are so constructed that the cores respond somewhat sluggishly to a magnetizing
current passed through the coils. Such magnets are well-known and may be made
in a variety of ways, as for example, by interposing between the core and the
magnetizing coil a metallic cyclinder or a coil closed upon itself. These magnets
are, furthermore, polarized magnets, so that a current that increases the magnetism
of one core neutralizes that of the other. Armatures L, L' are normally attracted
towards the cores by means of the permanent magnetism therein.
The electro-magnets H, H', are quick acting magnets, and they also differ from
magnets M, M¹, in that they require a stronger current to effect the proper move-
ment of their armatures. This may be done by sub-dividing their cores to render
them more sensitive to magnetic change and using fewer convolutions or adjusting
their armatures.
Magnets H, H', are in series in the main line, and magnets M, M', are in multiple
arc with magnets H, H₁ by means of connections through the front stops of the
armatures G, G', both of which are connected to the main line.
At the operator's station, any convenient means is employed for sending over the
line current impulses of given strength in either direction, and other current impulses
in either direction but of double strength. For example, two keys, 1, 2, may be
used to send positive and negative impulses from one battery, and two other
keys 3, and 4, to send positive and negative impulses from a second battery of double
or greater strength.
In illustration of the operation of the system, let it be assumed that the
cylinder E contains characters to indicate the first and second half of each inning
or turn at the bat of a game, and that the cylinder E' contains numbers to indicate
the "outs." The pointers 1, I', are shifted on to different numbers to indicate the
runs made by each side. The numbers and characters are arbitrary and may be
changed to represent the varied conditions of any other kind of game.
Taking, for example, the indicator B, it is shown at a glance that at two o'clock
of May 5, a game was started at Chicago, between clubs from New York and
Chicago, and the condition of the game, as shown by the indicator, is that New York
is playing the first half of the third inning, that two men are out, and that the
New York Club has made three runs to two for Chicago. If another run is scored
by New York, the key 2, which is selected as that for indicating runs for New
York, is depressed. This throws a weak impulse of current over the line, the
direction of which is such that magnet M is strengthened, while magnet 'M' is

page_text: neutralized, so that the armature lever L' moves away from magnet M', and the
pointer I is moved forward one step. In the same way, to indicate a run scored
by Chicago, key 1 is depressed which sends a reverse current to line that strengthen's
magnet M but neutralizes magnet M.
To operate one of the cylinders E or E¹ by the magnets H or H', a current of
double strength is required. Such a current in one direction is sent by key 4, and
in the opposite direction by key 3. But in order that neither of the magnets M, M¹
be operated by such current of double strength, the armatures of said magnets H, H',
are made to control the circuits of magnets M, M¹. That is to say, the branch of
the main line which passes through magnet M', terminates in a contact stop V₁,
against which the armature lever G¹, normally rests. A current of double strength
sent over the line that neutralizes magnet H¹ and strengthens magnet H, causes
the armature G¹ to drop away from the stop V₁ before magnet M has responded
to the action or effect of such current. The circuit of magnet M' being thus
neutralized, the whole current flows through the magnet H', and the armature of
the latter being retracted advances or turns the cylinder E¹ one step. The adjust-
ment of the armatures G, G', is secured by spiral springs indicated by S, S¹.
The current which neutralizes magnet H' and cuts out magnet M has no effect
upon magnets H and M, except to increase their pull, while a current of reverse
direction would have a directly opposite effect.
At the beginning of a game, the pointers and cylinders may be properly set by
hand. Any form of transmitter may be used, and one of the indicators may be
placed near the operator, so that he may tell from it the conditions of all the others
which are included in series in the circuit.
When a larger number of movable parts is required, an apparatus, such as shown
in Fig. 2, may be employed. Any suitable form of enclosing case may be used for
this instrument, and the step-by-step mechanisms which are used may impart move-
ment either to pointers or to cylinders partially exposed through openings in the
enclosing case. It is desirable to use as many pointers as there are contestants, and
by their movements over a dial or dials to indicate the number of runs which each
contestant has made, the pointers are appropriately numbered or otherwise designated
to correspond to a list of the contestants that is made up previous to the game, and
displayed on or near the indicator.
Beside the pointers which correspond to the players, there may be a number of
partially exposed cylinders with numbers or characters, such as those shown in
Fig. 1, or any others.
Each pointer and cylinder is controlled in its movements independently of all the
others by a ratchet wheel, as J, a pawl, as K, an armature lever, as A', carrying
said pawl, and an electro-magnet A".
The operator on the grounds where the game is in progress has positive and
negative keys 1, and 2, a battery a and an earth connection a¹ by means of which he
may send at will direct or reverse current impulses over the line a".
In connection with each indicator are two polarized electro-magnets, or, preferably,
a double polarized relay, having two magnetic poles B¹, B", and two polarized
armatures C, C", one for each pole. These armature, are pivoted to the
permanently magnetized and curved plate and vibrate between insulating and
conducting points, c". This device is so arranged that one armature will be
operated by a positive and the other by a negative current.
D' is an electro-magnet in a local circuit controlled by the armature C³, and is
provided with a vibrating armature D", carrying a pawl d, that engages with a
ratchet wheel, on a shaft that carries a contact arm d", which in its movement
sweeps over and engages successively with a circular series of contact plates E".
The number of ratchet teeth in actual practice will correspond with the number of
contacts E, so that by making and breaking the circuit of magnet D', the arin d
may be shifted to any one of the contacts E.
The conducting stop of the armature C" is connected by a wire with the contact

page_text: arm, and conductors run from the contact plates E" to the local battery e,
forming independent local circuits which are normally open. Since one pole of the
battery e is connected to the curved plate and the other to all of the conductors
of the local circuits e¹, e', the armature C" constitutes a circuit controlling device
which is common to all the said local circuits e', e'.
The electro-magnets A" which control and operate the pointers and cylinders are
included in the local or branch circuits e¹, e', etc.
At the operator's instrument is a dial e¹ containing as many divisions as there are
contacts E, and a pointer f" is moved over the dial by an electro-magnet f1 and a
ratchet wheel which has the same number of teeth as ratchet wheel d', consequently,
the position of the pointer " should correspond with that of any one of the contact
arms d¹¹
To move any given pointer or cylinder to indicate a change in the condition or
progress of the game, current impulses are sent over the line by one of the operator's
keys 1, 2, of such direction that armature C¹ but not C will be vibrated. By this
means the pointer f" and the contact arms d¹ of all the indicating instruments will
be moved step-by-step until they rest upon the desired contact Eli and connect the
conducting stop of the armature C" with the local circuit of the pointer or cylinder
magnet to be operated. The operator then depresses the other key sending a
current over the line that moves armature C" but not C¹. Each impulse thus
transmitted closes the local circuit of battery e, through that one of the local
circuits e¹ connected with the particular contact E, upon which contact arm d
rests. The proper number of impulses to move the particular pointer or cylinder to
the desired position is thus transmitted.
To insure accuracy of operation, some form of unison device should be employed.
A convenient device for this purpose is shown in Fig. 2.
A branch g of the local battery circuit is connected to one of the contacts E"
and contains an electro-magnet Fi. Said magnet is provided with an armature F
with a hook at its end, that is, normally in the path of the contact arm ", so that
if a sufficient number of the impulses that operate the magnets D' be sent over the
line, the contact arms a" of all the indicators will be arrested at a fixed point and
thus brought to unison. This may be done as often as may be deemed necessary,
and when the contact arms d" have been thus stopped, they will be in contact with
the plate E, to which the circuit is connected, hence, a current sent by the
operator in the opposite direction will close these circuits, release the contact arms
from engagement with the armatures F" and leave them in position for a new start.
The release of the arms d" from the armatures F1 is readily effected by a short
impulse of current by causing the hooked ends of the armatures F" to arrest the
arms d before the armatures D have completed their movement, so that when the
armature F is attracted the end of the arm d" slips beyond the hook.
A bell may be included in a part of the local circuit common to all the
magnets A to sound whenever one of said magnets is energized and a pointer or
cylinder turned.
For events such as horse or boat races in which the conditions of progress and the
result are determined merely by the relative positions of the contestants, it is
desirable to employ a form of indicator that will more closely reproduce by the
movements of its parts the actual conditions of the event.
For this purpose I use a dial suitably graduated or marked off to correspond to
the track or course and a series of pointers distinguished by figures or otherwise to
correspond with the contestants. These pointers all have a capability of forward
movement, and suitable means are provided for either accelerating or retarding, or
both, the movements of any one of the pointers relatively to the others.
The general mechanical and electrical features of the indicator proper are
illustrated in Fig. 3. The operative parts are enclosed in any suitable case provided
with a dial face G", enclosed preferably by a glass plate.
A. number of tubular concentric shafts h, h', h, of different lengths are mounted

page_text: in the case and project out through an opening in the face plate ", where
pointers i,,, are secured to them. Each shaft and pointer is thus movable
independently of the others.
Each shaft h, h¹ etc. carries within the case a ratchet wheel as i, j, j", and an
ordinary gear wheel as k, l, ". The latter mesh with the similar wheels H" of a
corresponding series of concentric shafts 1, 1, 1, mounted above the first.
series of shafts are mounted in reverse order, so that the outer shaft
the inner shaft I, and so on.
The two
engages with
The shafts,, etc. terminate in a series of discs I", each provided with a tooth
or stop J', so located that when all the pointers are in line at the zero or starting
point of their dial, the stops J' will be in a horizontal line or engage with the end
of an armature J" of an electro-magnet K' mounted in the case.
0, 0, 0, are a series of electro-magnets which turn or operate the shafts h, h¹
etc. This is effected by pivoted armatures K and pawls L, as shown in Fig. 4,
which latter engage with the ratchet wheels, etc.
M is a cylinder on which is portrayed in columns the numbers of the races or
other events, one of which is always exposed through an opening in the face plate G".
This cylinder is rotated step-by-step by a ratchet and a pawl operated by an electro-
magnet N.
One or more additional cylinders, as N', may be employed to indicate dates,
places or the like, and these are preferably to be turned by hand.
N is a circular flanged disc with alternate insulating and conducting sections,
and a ratchet wheel moved step-by-step by a pawl a' operated by an electro-
magnet. The ratchet wheel causes a conducting arm to sweep over the edge
of the disc and in contact therewith, passing alternately over the insulating and
conducting sections thereof.
With each ratchet wheel, as j, there may be associated a single magnet, as O,
Fig. 5, or two magnets as O, P, Fig. 4, and this latter arrangement I shall describe
first by reference to Fig. 4.
The main line from the transmitter passes through two magnets Q, Q', at or in
the indicator. One of these magnets, as Q, is neutral while the other Qis
polarized.
The magnet Q operates a vibrating circuit closer o, drawing it over on to a
contact stop each time that a current impulse of either direction is sent through the
magnet. When thus attracted, the lever o completes the circuit of a local battery R
through the wire or circuit o', which includes one set of the coils of all the
magnets 0, 0, 0". Every time this circuit is thus closed, the ratchets j, j', j", are
turned one step and the pointers i, i, i", are moved correspondingly over the dial
plate. To effect this closing of the main circuit, I employ as a transmitter a contact
wheel o", which is turned either by hand or by any suitable mechanism, under the
control of the operator so as to send, in a given time, a sufficient number of impulses
to cause the pointers to pass over the whole, or any given portion of the dial plate.
A divided battery p, is used to transmit the currents, the direction of which is
determined by the position of a switch p'. If, therefore, a succession of positive
impulses be transmitted over the line, the pointers of each indicator will all move
around the dial plate without any change in their relative positions. In order,
however, to retard a pointer which is distinguished in some way to indicate a. ho:se
or contestant that has fallen behind, at, say, the first quarter or at any moment of
time, I have adopted the following mechanism :-
By the magnet Q', either directly or by means of a local circuit and a
magnet, I operate, by negative impulses of current, the ratchet wheel and thus
turn the arm over the disk N until it rests on that one of the conducting
sections which is connected with the magnet of the pointer which is to be retarded.
This connection is made as follows:-
The wire o¹ is connected to the armature 7, and an electrical connection is made
from the back stop of this armature to the ratchet wheel n. On the other side of
the battery the local circuit o' is branched through each of the magnets 0, 0¹, 0",

page_text: and said branches terminate in different conducting sections of the disk N". The
order of connection in all the indicators of a circuit is the same, so that if the
operator have near him one instrument upon which he can observe the effect of the
currents transmitted he will know the condition of all the others. So, for example,
if pointer operated by magnet 0₁ is to be retarded at a cértain point in its
movement, the arm is moved, by reversing the direction of the current impulses
over the line, until it rests on the conducting section h'. The direction of the
current is then reversed and positive impulses transmitted. As long, however, as
arm rests on plate ', the current of the local battery R divides between the
circuit o' and the branch ", which contains the resistance R' and which is wound
around the core of magnet O¹ in a direction opposite to that of its main coil.
In consequence of this, the attractive effect of magnet O will be so far neutralized
as not to move its pointer, and in this way the pointer i¹ may be stopped while
all the others advance.
When this pointer has been checked and retarded as much as desired, a
negative, in lieu of a positive impulse, is sent over the line, which throws the
arm on to the adjoining insulation. This interrupts the branch", so that the
pointer resumes its movement at the same rate as the others, but at a given
distance behind them.
In a similar manner any other one of the pointers may be retarded by stopping
the action of their respective magnets until the remaining pointers have advanced
through the desired distances.
It it be desired to accelerate any one of the pointers or to cause it to move forward
one or more steps in advance of the others, or from its position relative thereto, the
following means are provided
With the ratchet wheels j, j', j", are associated electro-magnets P, P1, P", which
actuate armatures s. These armatures carry pawls which engage with the teeth of
the ratchets j, but which do not operate to turn said ratchet wheels until the action
of the springs s¹ comes into play after the cessation of magnetism in the
magnets P Pr
The coils of magnets P are included in branches t¹, t¹ of the circuit o', and like
branches contain a resistance R¹¹ and are connected to different conducting
sections of the disk N".
Assume that the contestant corresponding to the pointer was behind the others
at the first quarter of a mile race, but at the half had gained a lead. To indicate
this change it would be necessary to advance pointer with respect to the others
until it shewed in front. To accomplish this, one or more negative impulses of
current are transmitted over the line to bring the arm on to the metallic
plate t. Positive impulses are then sent over the line as before, and each impulse
causes the current of battery T to divide between the circuit o' and that one of the
branches t¹ which is closed by the arm r. The effect of this will be to energize all
the magnets O, O', 0, and also the magnet P. The action of magnet O¹ moves
the ratchet wheel₁ one step and the movement of the armature s causes its pawl to
take up another tooth, which on the retraction of the armature moves the ratchet
wheel through a second step, thus, for one impulse of current the pointer will
be moved through two spaces instead of one, and in this way it may be advanced as
desired. Its advance is checked by shifting the arm r on to an insulating space by
means of a negative current impulse.
After each race the pointers should all be brought to the starting point corre-
sponding to the coming of the contestants under the wire. This is accomplished by
means of the auxiliary series of shafts 1, 1, 1, etc. These shafts being in engagement
with the main shafts h, h', ", are brought, after a sufficient number of impulses
have been sent over the line, into the position shewn in Fig. 3, in which all the
projections J are in engagement with the armature J. Subsequent impulses sent
over the line do not, therefore, affect or move the pointers which are all at the
starting point. The electro-magnet K' is in a branch circuit in all respects the same
as the circuit and the circuit t, hence, to release the pointers, negative impulses

page_text: are sent over the line until the arm encounters the plate which closes the
branch t. A positive impulse then sent over the line withdraws armature J" and
permits the projections J' to slip past said armature, this being readily effected
since the shafts 1, are at the moment of the withdrawal of the armature J¹ under
a strain or tension due to the attraction of the magnets O.
The cylinder M" may be operated by positive impulses sent over the line before
the disks are released and while the arm is resting on the contact plate v which
completes the branch circuit containing magnet N. The arm is brought into
the position referred to by the action of negative impulses of current.
The operator, in order to follow the effect of current impulses upon the several
instruments connected with the circuit, should have at hand one instrument as X,
in all respects similar to the others, except that the ratchet wheel n, should operate
a pointer W that sweeps over a graduated scale W¹, the divisions of which
correspond to those of disk N¹¹.
In Fig. 5 is shewn an arrangement in which the magnets P, P1, P are dispensed
with and the acceleration of the pointers effected by means of single magnets O,
O, O This system or plan involves no departure from that above described
except in the particulars hereinafter noted.
¹.
The local circuit of which includes one of the coils of each magnet 0, 0, 0¹, is
normally closed by the contact of the armature o with its back contact
Whenever a current impulse of either direction traverses the coils of the neutral
magnet Q, the break and subsequent make of the local circuit o' moves each pointer
one step. The front contact upon which the armature o bears when attracted
by the magnet Q forms the terminal of a circuit containing a resistance R¹ equal to
the resistance of the total number less one of magnets 0, 0, 0, and is then
divided into branches which include the second set of the coils respectively of
magnets 0,01, 0, and which terminate in different conducting sections of the disk.
The polarized magnet Q', in this case, normally attracts its armature, holding
open the circuit.
As in the figure previously described, a positive impulse of current which
energizes the magnet Q, merely strengthens magnet Q1, while a negative current
which also energizes magnet Q, neutralizes magnet Q, allowing its armature to
close its circuit. To accelerate any one of the pointers or carry it in advance of
the others, it is merely necessary to carry, by means of negative impulses, the arm r
on to the conducting plate of the disk N, to which the branch circuit, including
the magnet of such pointer, is connected. When this is done, positive impulses are
again sent over the line, whereby all the pointers will be simultaneously moved by
the break and make between the armature o and the contact stop u¹, while the
magnet in the closed branch will receive between such break and make an additional
impulse of current from the battery T through the contact and the armature o.
The extra impulse acting on the said magnet moves its pointer one step in advance
with relation to the others. A negative impulse throws the arm on to an insulating
space when the pointer has been advanced sufficiently, as above described.
As the local circuit o' is normally closed during the operation of the device, I
provide on the shaft of cylinder M¹ a disk of metal V, provided with alternate
insulating and conducting peripheral sections upon which brushes V¹ connected with
the circuit o impinge. By means of the magnet N, the cylinder M" immediately
before a race is turned to expose the number of such race, and in doing this, the
brushes Vare brought on to conducting sections of the disk V to close the circuit o'.
After the race, a single movement of the cylinder M" brings the brushes V' on to
insulation.
I have shown also in this figure the starting mechanism operated by magnet K',
and a bell V is shown in position to be struck by a hammer carried by the
armature J", when the latter is attracted by its magnet K. This gives notice
of the starting of a race.
Instead of using two coils on the magnets 0, 01, 0", I may use two magnets,

page_text: に
as O, W, shown in Fig. 6. The magnets W, in this case, would be connected m
the branch circuits w₁, and arranged to turn the ratchets j, j etc. in the same
direction as the magnets O, O¹, Of.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a sporting indicator, the combination with two or more movable pointers
and cylinders, electro-magnetic intermittent motors for actuating the same included
in normally open local circuits, and a circuit-closer common to all of said circuits,
of a switch for closing the break in any one of the local circuits, and to polarized
magnets or armatures operated by the main line, one for moving the switch, the
other for operating the circuit-closer, as set forth.
2. The combination, with two or more movable pointers and cylinders constituting
the display parts or elements of a sporting indicator, electro-magnetic motive
devices for imparting an intermittent movement to the same, and each included in
a normally open branch of a local circuit, a circuit-closer for connecting any one
of said branches with the local circuit, a polarized magnet in the main circuit for
operating or moving said circuit-closer, and an oppositely polarized magnet also in
said circuit for making and breaking the local circuit and that one of its branches
which is closed by the circuit-closer.
3. The combination, with two or more pointers and cylinders, an electro-magnetic
motive device for each included in normally open branches of a circuit, of a series
of contacts forming the terminals of such branches, a contact arm adapted to sweep
over said terminals and close the breaks in the branch circuits successively, a
polarized main circuit electro-magnet for moving said contact arm, and an oppositely
polarized magnet in the main circuit for connecting with the branch circuits and
disconnecting therefrom a local battery, as set forth..
4. In a sporting indicator, the combination with two or more pointers or cylinders
or both, and ratchets and pawls for moving them step-by-step, of armature levers
carrying said pawls and polarized electro-magnets for said armatures, connected
with the same circuit and of different degrees of sensitiveness to the action of a
current, as set forth.
5. In a sporting indicator, the combination with two or more pointers or cylinders,
and ratchets and pawls for moving them step-by-step, of armature levers carrying
said pawls and polarized electro-magnets, two of which respond slowly to a weak
current and two respond quickly to a stronger current, the circuit of the former
being controlled by the latter, and all of said magnets being connected with the
same electric circuit, as described.
6. The combination with a main or line circuit, of a series of independent movable
indicating devices or pointers, an electro-magnet for each pointer all connected to a
single local circuit controlled by the main circuit and mechanism actuated thereby
for imparting to said pointers intermittent movements of equal extent, independent
electric circuits or branches for controlling the action or effect of said electro-
magnets, mechanism for closing any one of the independent circuits operated by the
main circuit, as set forth.
7. The combination in an electrical indicator with a main or line circuit, of a
series of devices such as pointers, an electro-magnet for each pointer for imparting
thereto intermittent movements of equal extent, each of said magnets being pro-
vided or wound with two coils, one connected with a circuit common to all and
controlled by the main circuit and the other with an independent circuit or branch
and mechanism for closing any one of the said independent circuits, operated by
o the main circuit, as set forth.
8. The combination in an electrical indicator with a main or line circuit, of a
series of pointers, electro-magnetic step-by-step motors, one for each pointer and
all connected with a single local circuit controlled by the main, electro-magnetic
controlling devices for retarding or accelerating the movement of any of the

page_text: pointers and included in normally inactive independent circuits, and a switch
mechanism operated by the main circuit for closing any one of said independent
circuits, as set forth.
9. The combination in an electrical indicator with a main or line circuit, of a
series of pointers, an electro-magnet for each pointer all included in the same
local circuit and adapted to impart movements of given extent to the pointers,
a second electro-magnet for each pointer, each included in an independent circuit
or branch and adapted to accelerate the normal movement of the pointers, and
mechanism substantially as described operated or controlled by the main circuit
for making and breaking the local circuit and any of the independent or branch
circuits described.
10. The combination in an electrical indicator with a main or line circuit, of a
series of pointers, an electro-magnetic motive device for each pointer having two
coils, one included in a local circuit common to all the motors, the other in an
independent circuit or branch, a second electro-magnetic motive device for each
pointer, each included in an independent circuit or branch and adapted to accelerate
the normal movement of the pointers and mechanism substantially as described
operated or controlled by the main circuit for making and breaking the said local
circuit and any of independent or branch circuits described.
11. In an electric indicator, the combination with a series of concentric shafts
carrying pointers, a series of step-by-step electric motors for turning said shafts,
means for accelerating or retarding any of the shafts, a second series of shafts cor-
responding to and engaging with the first respectively, stops carried by the second
shafts corresponding to the pointers on the first and an electro-magnetic detent for
engaging with all of said stops to bring the pointers to a given starting point and
releasing the same, as herein set forth.
12. In an electrical indicator, the combination with a main or line circuit and a
neutral and a polarized electro-magnet included therein, of a series of pointers, a
step-by-step electro-magnetic motor for each, a local circuit common to all of said
motors and controlled by the neutral magnet of the main line, a series of independent
circuits or branches for controlling or modifying the relative movement of the
pointers, and a circuit-closer operated by the polarized magnet of the main line to
complete any of the said independent circuits, as set forth.
13. In an electrical indicator, the combination with a main or line circuit and a
neutral and a polarized electro-magnet included therein, a series of pointers, a step-
by-step electro-magnetic motor for each, a local circuit common to all of said
motors, a circuit breaker therein controlled by the neutral magnet of the main line,
a. series of independent derived circuits or branches from said local circuit,
mechanism contained therein for retarding or accelerating the movement of the
pointers, and a switch operated by the polarized magnet of the main line to complete
any of the said independent circuits, as set forth.
14. The combination in an electrical indicator with pointers or similar devices
and electro-magnetic motive devices for moving the same, each having two opposing
circuits or coils, of a local circuit including one of the coils of each motor,
independent derived or branch circuits from the local, each including one of the
opposing coils, a main or line circuit and two electro-magnets, one a neutral magnet
for making and breaking the said local circuit, the other a polarized magnet for
completing any one of the derived or branch circuits, as set forth.
ombon 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.