IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD UPON CARDS AND OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Friedrich Heinrich Boll6, of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD
UPON CARDS AND OTHER SURFACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Friedrich Heinrich
Bollé at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 21st June 1875.
I, CARL FRIEDRICH HEINRICH BOLLÉ, of the Oity of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR
THREAD UPON CARDS AND OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows :—
My Invention relates to self-acting mechanism principally for winding
yarn or thread upon cards for the market, and consists in improved
combinations and arrangements of mechanism for the purpose described
as follows:-I prefer to form each head of my improved winding
machinery complete in itself of three or more hollow spindles placed in

page_text: suitable bearings in a horizontal position parallel to each other and in
the same plane. The middle spindle is driven by an endless belt working
upon a pulley upon the spindle, and upon a pulley driven from a shaft
below which runs the lengthway of beams that carry the winding heads,
several of which are placed side by side upon the same carrying beams,
but with the card end of one winding head alternately upon one side
and the other side of the carrying beams. The driving pulley on the
middle spindle is loose upon it, but has ratchet clutch teeth to geer with
a corresponding clutch formed upon a broad toothed wheel that can
slide upon a key upon the spindle; this broad toothed wheel has a
groove in its boss at one end for a clutch fork by which it can be put
in and out of geer. The broad toothed wheel drives wheels upon the
ends of two screws placed below the spindles parallel to each other and
to the spindles in suitable bearings, and the wheels upon the screws
drive wheels upon the spindles upon each side of the middle spindle.
The thread to be wound passes from the bobbin through an eye and
then through the hollow spindle, upon cach of which there is a flyer at
one end that has an eye through which the thread passes, and by which
flyer it is wound upon the card or other surface held between thin
steel plates carried by a bar which is at right angles to the hollow
winding spindles, and is moved to and fro to distribute the thread in
even layers upon the card.
The bar that carries the thin plates which holds the cards has two
beat ends of hook form that engage with corresponding hooks upon
two traverse bars which slide in suitable guides upon the side frames:
of each winding head. The two ends of these traverse slide bars
are connected with a cross bar passing under and at right angles to the
two screws above mentioned, and upon this cross bar a piece forming two
half nuts is mounted so as to slide upon the bar, so that one half nut
may engage with the threads of one screw, and the other half nut with
threads of the other screw alternately, and while so engaged the half
nuts, cross bar, and traverse slides and card bar will be moved first one
way and then the other to lay the thread evenly upon the cards. The
half nut slide piece is connected to a bolt having a taper formed head
which comes against the sides of a similar formed shaper arranged to
be adjustable upon an arm in suitable bearings from a shaft at a right
angle to the winding spindles, and this shaper regulates the time the
half nuts shall be in geer with their respective screws, as is well under-

page_text: stood. The half nut piece is forced from one screw to the other when
the shaper permits of the movement by two broad pawl-like arms
oscillating on suitable centres in the framing, the ends of these arms
being curved on the edges which come against pins in a plate connected
with the half nut piece, so that as this piece travels by the action of the
screw the pawl-like arms are forced back against the contrary action
of a spring, and this gives the force to change the half nut piece from
one screw to the other when the shaper permits it to take place. To
one of the pawl-like arms a ratchet pawl is jointed, which acts upon a
ratchet wheel upon a shaft placed in suitable bearings parallel to the
winding spindles. There is also a retaining pawl jointed upon the
framing which holds the said ratchet wheel, and when the tail end of
the ratchet is lifted, as herein-after]] described, its other end comes
against a projection from the retaining pawl, and thus both pawls are
lifted from the teeth of the ratchet, allowing it to be turned back as far
as a stop upon the shaft permits, as herein-after described.
The arm which carries the shaper has the clutch fork connected to
it, which brings the driving pulley upon the middle spindle in and out
of geer, and the shaft upon which the shaper arm is mounted has also a
handle secured upon it for actuating the said clutch to start the
winding.
The last named shaft has also another arm upon it which at its end
carries a pin that comes in a line with the axis of one of the hollow
spindles upon which there is a wedge-shaped cam piece, and when the
winding is finished and the shaper arm is lowered the pin in the arm
above referred to comes against the one or the other side of the cam like
wedge piece on the spindle and partly rotates the hollow spindles one
way or the other to bring all the legs of the flyers in the same horizontal
plane to allow the cards to be removed, as herein-after explained,
without contact with the flyers. The arm carrying the pin is held to
keep the shaper arm in position when winding by a catch centred upon
the ratchet wheel shaft, this catch being held against the pin arm by a
spring until a pin in the ratchet wheel shaft comes against the boss part
of the catch and moves it, when the said pin arm is released, and then
& powerful spring acting upon the end of the shaper arm pulls it down,
and this movement throws the clutch out of gear and stops the winding;
at the same time a bevel piece secured across the shaper arm forces
back the pawl-like arms that act upon the half nut piece and acts upon

page_text: "
'
the tail piece of the ratchet pawl, and also during the descent of the
shaper arm a loop formed part at the end of the shaper arm acts upon
a horizontal projection from the half nut slide and brings it midway
between the two screws, so that the traverse is at liberty to be moved
either way. The descent of the shaper arm, as before stated, lifts the ♬
ratchet pawls and liberates the ratchet, and allows a weight acting upon
a chain or belt attached to a pulley secured on the ratchet wheel shaft
to turn it back to the starting point for winding a fresh set of cards.
There are two bars like the one herein-before referred to for carrying
the plates which hold the cards, so that one set of cards when filled may 1
be removed while the thread is being wound upon the other set of cards,
and these bars are arranged in connection with a shaft placed at a right
angle to the spindles and having bearings in the side frames, which
shaft has a pulley or flange secured upon it at each end, which flanges
have grooves or ways into which the ends of the bars can slide, so that 1
when the cards are full the bar which carries them will be slided into
the said grooves, and by turning the shaft half a revolution one
bar will be disconnected from the books of the traversing side bars,
and the other bar carrying the empty cards will be brought into con-
nection with the said traversing bars, and the bar containing the 2
full cards will thus remain stationary while the winding is going on to
allow the threads to be secured and the full cards to be removed and
replaced by empty cards. The said flanges revolve in circular loops in
the side frames which keep the card bars in their places while being
changed from one position to the other. To each card bar a thin steel
plate is attached by screws so that it can lift above the edge of the card
bar, this edge being a knife which cuts the thread passing from the filled
cards to the cards on to which the thread is commencing to be wound
after the traverse has moved a certain distance, when a cam projection
on the traverse slide bar comes in contact with one end of an arm :
centred on the framing, the other end of which lifts the knife to cut the
threads which can then be secured to the full cards.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
· filed by the said Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bollé in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 15th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CARL
FRIEDRICH HEINRICH BOLLÉ, of the Oity of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bollé, Her
special license that I, the said Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bollé, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bollé, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should, and
lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN
OB THREAD UPON CARDS AND OTHER SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bollé, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bollé, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and the accompanying
Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates to self-acting mechanism principally for winding
yarn or thread upon cards for the market, and consists in improved com.
binations and arrangements of mechanism for the purpose described as

page_text: follows:-By reference to the accompanying Drawings, of which Fig. 1 is
a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a plan; Fig. 3, a front elevation partly in
section; and Fig. 4, a cross section on the line A, B, Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a
general end view partly in section; and Fig. 6 is a general plan shewing
two sets of spindles and driving gear below. I prefer to form each head
of my improved winding machinery complete in itself of three or more
hollow or tubular spindles (a) placed in suitable bearings in the cross
framing (A) and in a horizontal position parallel to each other, and in
the same plane, as shown. The middle spindle is driven by an endless
belt (a) working upon a pulley (a') upon the spindle, then passing over
a guide pulley b* to a pulley (6¹) upon a main shaft (6) below, which
runs the lengthway of beams that carry the winding heads, several of
which are placed side by side upon the same carrying beams, but with
the card head of one winding head alternately first upon one side and
the other side of the carrying beams, as shown by Figs. 5 and 6. The
driving pulley (a¹) on the middle spindle (a) is loose upon it, but has
ratchet clutch teeth to geer with a corresponding clutch upon a
broad toothed wheel a that can slide upon a key upon the spindle (a).
This broad toothed wheel has a groove in its boss at one end for a clutch
fork (c) by which it can be put in and out of geer. The broad toothed
wheel geers with and drives wheels (d') upon two shafts d placed in
suitable bearings in the framing below the spindles, these shafts being
parallel to each other and to the spindles, and the wheels upon the shafts
drive wheels (a) upon the spindles (a' and a³) upon each side of the
middle spindle (a).
The thread to be wound passes from the bobbin z over a longitudinal
bar ×³and rod ×³ carried by stands ³ (see Figs. 1 and 5) through an
eye x', and then through the hollow spindle, upon each of which there is
a flyer (a) at one end that has an eye or curl through which the thread
passes, and by which flyer it is wound upon the card or other surface
which is held between two thin steel plates e' carried by a bar e, which
is at right angles to the hollow winding spindles, and is moved to and
fro to distribute the thread in oven layers upon the card.
The bar e that carries the thin plates which hold the cards has two
bent ends of hook form e* that engage with corresponding hooks upon
two traverse bars e", which slide in suitable grooves or guides upon the
side frames (A) of each winding head. The two ends of these traverse

page_text: slide bars are connected by screws with a cross bar e' passing over and
at right angles to the two screws & which are secured, as shown, upon
the ends of the shafts d, above mentioned, and upon this cross bar e³ a
piece e' forming two half nuts is mounted and secured by a cap e' and
5 set screw, as shown in Fig. 4, so as to slide upon the bar so that one
half nut may engage with the threads of one screw, and the other half
nut with threads of the other screw alternately, and while so engaged
the half nuts e, cross bar e³, and traverse slides e³, and card bar e will
be moved first one way and then the other to lay the thread evenly
0 upon the cards. The half nut slide piece e' is connected by a screw to
a plate e* having two taper formed projections, which come against the
sides of similar formed shapers arranged to be adjustable upon an arm
in suitable bearings from a shaft (f) at a right angle to the winding
spindles, and this shaper regulates the time the half nuts shall be in
5 geer with their respective screws, as is well understood. The shapers
are double, so as to allow of separate adjustment to each screw, one
shaper f¹acting when the half nut (e') is in gear with one screw,
and
the other when in gear with the other screw. Each shaper f¹ is
hinged to the side of the arm fat ƒ*, as shown in Fig. 4, and there is
O a bolt f which passes through the arm f" having helical springs that
abut against the side of the arm (ƒ) and' push against each shaper ƒ¹,
and the bolt has nuts upon its two ends to adjust the position of the
shaper f'.
The arm to which the shapers are secured is bolted to the side of
5 the arm f from the shaft f, and it is adjusted vertically before being
firmly secured by the bolt or bolts by a set screw f³, which screws
through a projection from the arm f, as shown in Fig. 1. The half
nut piece e* is forced from one screw to the other, when the shapers
permit of the movement by two broad pawl-like arms or frames ƒª
0 oscillating on suitable centres f" in brackets secured to the framing,
the ends of these arms being curved on the edges (see Fig. 2) which
como against the edges of the plate (e) connected with the half nut
piece, so that as this piece travels by the action of the screw the pawl-
like arms or frames are forced back against the contrary action of a
5 spring ƒª acting upon arms f" from the frames ƒ, as shown in Figs. 1
and 4, and this gives the force to change the half nut piece from one
screw to the other when the shaper permits it to take place. To one

page_text: of the pawl-like arms or frames a ratchet pawl f' is jointed, which acts
upon a ratchet wheel or partial wheel g³ upon a shaft g placed in suitable
bearings parallel to the winding spindles. There is also a retaining
pawl (see Fig. 4) jointed upon the framing which holds the said
ratchet wheel, and when the tail end of the ratchet is lifted, as herein- &
after described, its other end comes against a projection from the
retaining pawl, and thus both pawls are lifted from the the teeth of the
ratchet, allowing it to be turned back as far as a stop upon the shaft
permits, as herein-after described.
The arm which carries the shaper has the clutch fork (c) con- 1
nected to it, which brings the driving pulley (a¹) upon the middle spindle
in and out of gear, and the shaft ƒ upon which the shaper arm is
mounted has also a handle ƒ" secured upon its outside end for actuating
the said clutch to start the winding.
The last-named shaft (ƒ) has also a another armf" descending from 1
it, which at its end is forked to carry a swivel eye, through which a rod h¹
passes, adjustable in length by screws, as shown in Fig. 1, and this rod
is jointed with an arm h² secured upon a cross shaft / carried by a
bracket A' (see Figs. 1 and 3). Upon each end of the shaft ŉ an
upright arm h³ and 4* is secured, and at the end of one of these arms ½³ 2
there is a projecting pin 7º that comes in a line with the axis of one of the
hollow spindles (a), upon which there is a wedge-shaped cam piece a',
and when the winding is finished and the shaper arm is lowered the pin h®
in the arm h above referred to comes against the one or the other side
of the cam-like wedge piece a' on the spindle, and partly rotates the 2
hollow spindles one way or the other (accordingly as they are left when
the winding is completed) to bring all the legs of the flyers (a) in tho
samo horizontal plane to allow the cards to be removed, as herein-after
explained, without contact with the flyers. The arms h³ and h' also act
upon studs e' in the traverse bars e to slide the bar e into the position 3
to be turned or changed. The arm * is held to keep the shaper arm ƒª
in position when winding by a pin g³ in the ratchet wheel g, this
pin coming in the way of a pin h³ in the arm hª, but when the pin g' has
been turned sufficiently by the ratchet wheel shaft it comes clear of the
pin h³ in the arm h*, and then a powerful spring ƒ" abutting against the 3
framing and acting upon a rod having a screw at its end to adjust

page_text: the tension of the spring, which rod is connected with the shaper armf
and pulls it down, and this movement throws the clutch wheel a' out of
gear and stops the winding. At the same time a bevel piece formed
upon each side of the shaper arm f* forces back the pawl-like arms or
frames by acting upon the ends of the set screws f** screwing through
the sides of the frames f', as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, and a pro-
jection f" upon the arm ƒ³ acts upon a tail piece f** of the ratchet
pawlƒ, and this lifts the pawl from the teeth of the ratchet, and also
acts upon a projection from the retaining pawl and lifts it also, and
during the descent of the shaper arm a loop-formed part ƒ at the end
of the shaper arm acts upon a horizontal projection es from the half
nut e* and brings it midway between the two screws, so that the traverse
bars e² are at liberty to be moved either way.
The descent of the shaper arm as before stated lifts the ratchet pawls
and liberates the ratchet, and allows a spring or a weight oº acting upon
a chain, cord, or belt attached to a pulley, formed or secured on the boss
of the ratchet wheel to turn it back to the starting point for winding a
fresh set of cards. The ratchet wheel is loose upon the shaft 9 and it
comes against a boss 9' also loose upon the shaft g, and this boss has a
radial projection with two projections g³ from it in the line of the shaft 9 ;
one projection has two or more internal ratchet teeth which come over.
the edge of the teeth of the ratchet, and ¡fit them so that the ratchet
and boss part will turn together. This arrangement enables the ratchet
to be readily altered in relation to a stop in connection with the other
projection from the boss g', so as to regulate the number of teeth the
ratchet shall turn before the winding is stopped, each tooth of the
ratchet representing two layers of thread wound upon the cards.
The second projection from the boss g' comes over the edge of the
boss g³ and comes against a pin g' in the edge of the boss g³, which
forms a stop to limit the extent to which the ratchet shall be turned
back by the action of the spring or weight go above mentioned. The
projections from the ratchet g' acts upon the end of an adjustable set
screw gʻin a boss g* secured on the shaft g to turn it when the winding
is completed. The shaft g has a spring or weight or weighted arm (010)
acting to turn it in a contrary direction to that which the ratchet wheel
acts upon it, and the end of the pin ³ is bevelled, so that when the
arms ½³ and hª are moved back by the handle fu to start the winding

page_text: the pin 4* in the arm * will act upon the bevel of the pin g³, and partly
turn the shaft g until the pin 4 has passed, when the shaft g turns
back by the action of the said weight arm g¹º and latches the arm hª.
The pin h may be bent back, or instead of a pin a rib may be
applied to the side of the arm h', so that the face of the bent part of
the pin h³ or the edge of the rib will keep the pin g³ in the shaft 9 in the
position at which it has arrived when the arm is released until such arm
is again pushed back by the starting handle f", when the pin g³ can
again latch upon the front edge of the pin or rib h. The pin h³ or
arm hª forms a stop for the pin g³ to come against to prevent the shaft g
from being turned too far back by the weight arm 9" or weight gº.
There are two bars e like the one herein-before referred to for carrying
the plates which hold the cards, so that one set of cards when filled may
be removed and replaced by empty cards while the thread is being
wound upon the other set of cards, and these bars e are arranged in
connection with a shaft ; placed at a right angle to the spindles, which
shaft has a pulley or flange secured upon it at each end, and these
flanges have grooves or ways into which the ends of the bars e can
slide, so that when the cards are full the bar e that carries them will be
slided into the said grooves, and by turning the shaft half a revolution
one bar will be disconnected from the hooks of the traversing side bars e,
and the other bar carrying the empty cards will be brought into con-
nection with the said traversing bars, and the bar containing the full
cards will thus remain stationary while the winding is going on to allow
the threads to be secured and the full cards to be removed and replaced
by empty cards. The said flanges revolve in circular loops in the side
frames which keep the card bars in their places while being changed
from one position to the other.
The shaft ; is turned by a handle formed by a studƒª fixed in one
flange or pulley j', which stud has a tube ³ upon it, upon which a spring
within the tube acts to draw it towards the flange. When the flange
has made a half revolution the end of this handle enters a semicircular
notch A³ in the side frames and holds the shaft j stationary, so that when
the shaft has to be turned the tube handle is moved endways to release
it from the notch A* (see Figs. 3 and 5). To cach card bar a thin steel
plate is attached by screws so that it can lift above the edge of the

page_text: card bar e, this edge being a knife, which cuts the thread passing from
the filled cards to the cards on to which the thread is commencing to be
wound after the traverse has moved a certain distance, when a cam
projection e' on the traverse slide bar e³ comes in contact with one end
3 of an arm or lever A³ centred in the framing at ², the other end of
which acts upon projections that lift the knife to cut the threads, which
can then be secured to the full cards.
When the ends of the threads are cut they may be secured to the full
cards by taking the end of the thread across the card and between the
card and one of the longest of the thin steel plates, between which the
cards are held, and into a slit in the end of such plate, as shown in
Fig. 2 at e' so that when the card is drawn off the end of the thread
will be drawn in between the card and inner layers of thread wound
upon it. A* are troughs or boxes for cards. The heads of three or
more spindles are driven, as herein-before explained, from a shaft b
passing lengthway of the framing upon which the heads are mounted,
& being the driving pulley of the main shaft b. The pulleys 6' are loose
upon the shaft b, but are driven when the internal cone in the pulley is
forced against a cone 6' fixed upon the shaft. The pulley is kept against
the cone by a clutch fork lever 6' acting upon the boss of the pulley,
this fork being a lever centred upon a pin & in the framing, and having
an arm so weighted as to force the two cones into gear. One arm from
the fork forms a treadle 6º, by pressing upon which the cones are
separated. 6' is an arm on a stud in the rail or frame, which can be
turned to come against the treadle when it is to be held down with the
cones out of gear.

page_text: Secondly. The system or mode of turning or changing the bars
carrying the cards so that one bar remains stationary while the other
bar can traverse to and fro to distribute the thread, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bollé, &
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five.