IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Goodman, Abraham Myers, and Louis
Goodman, all of No. 25, King David Lane, Shadwell, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Goodman, Abraham
Myers, and Louis Goodman at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th January 1857.
We, JULIUS GOODMAN, ABRAHAM MYERS, and LOUIS GOODMAN, all of
No. 25, King David Lane, Shadwell, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CAPS OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to caps or coverings for the head, such as are worn
by youths and military men, and is designed for rendering the same more
.durable than heretofore by manufacturing them in the following manner :-
It bas long been the practice, particularly with military foraging caps, to
place an oilskin or waterproof covering over them in wet weather, but such
said covering has been made distinct and separate from the cap to which it
was to be applied. Now, the peculiar feature of novelty of this Invention con-
sists in combining the aforesaid oilskin or other waterproof covering with the

page_text: cap in the following manner :-I cover one half of the top and band part of
the cap at the front thereof with cloth or other material, and the other or back
part I form of oilskin and cloth connected together, and of such size as to
cover the entire cap, one half of the oilskin being fixed to the foundation of the
cap, and the other half with the cloth attached thereto is moveable, and is used
as follows: When the cloth portion is to be exposed, the oilskin is concealed
and the moveable part of the material fastened by buttons and loops of elastic
material to the band of the cap at each side thereof; and when the oilskin is
to be exposed so as to conceal and protect the cloth part, then the moveable
part is unfastened and brought over the front part of the top and band of the
cap, thus exposing an entire covering of oilskin or other waterproof material
which is fastened to the band of the cap, as before stated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Julius Goodman, Abraham Myers, and Louis Goodman in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JULIUS
GOODMAN, ABRAHAM MYERS, and LOUIS GOODMAN, all of No. 25, King David
Lane, Shadwell, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Julius Goodman, Abraham Myers, and Louis Goodman, Her special licence
that we, the said Julius Goodman, Abraham Myers, and Louis Goodman, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Julius
Goodman, Abraham Myers, and Louis Goodman, our executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPS OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Julius Goodman, Abraham Myers, and
Louis Goodman, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Julius Goodman, Abraham Myers, and
Louis Goodman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
manner.
Our Invention relates to caps or coverings for the head, such as are worn by
youths and military men, and is designed for rendering the same more durable
than heretofore, which we effect by manufacturing them in the following
And we would here observe, that it is a well-known practice, par-
ticularly with military "foraging" caps, to place an oilskin or waterproof
covering over them in wet weather, but such said covering has been made
distinct and separate or detached from the cap to which it was to be applied.
Now, the peculiar feature of novelty of our said Invention consists in perma-
nently combining together any two kinds or patterns of material, whether the
aforesaid oilskin or other waterproof covering, with the cloth cover of the cap, in
the following manner, that is to say:-We cover one half of the top and band
part of the cap (at the front thereof) with cloth or other material, and the
other or back part of the said cap we form of oilskin and cloth or other material
combined and connected together, and of such size as to cover the entire
surface of the cap.
One half of the oilskin or reversible material is fixed to
the foundation or head lining of the cap, and the other half with the cloth or
other material attached thereto is moveable, and is used as follows:-When
the cloth portion is to be exposed, the oilskin or reversible material is con-
cealed from view, and the moveable part of the material is fastened by buttons
and loops of elastic material to the band of the cap at each side thereof, as at
Figure 2; and when the oilskin or reversible material is to be exposed so as
to conceal and protect the cloth part of the cap from injury, then the aforesaid
moveable part is unfastened and brought over the front part of the top and
band of the cap, as at Figure 1, thereby exposing an entire covering of oilskin
or other reversible material which is fastened to the band of the cap by buttons.
as before stated.
In order to explain our said Invention as completely as possible, we now
proceed to describe the best means we are acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative Drawing
annexed to these Presents, and to the numeral figures and letters of reference
marked thereon respectively, as follows:-

page_text: cach of such said Figures respectively.
We now proceed to describe the mode practised by us of manufacturing caps
according to our said Invention, as follows.
MODE OF MANUFACTURE.
Having first prepared the foundation or head lining of the cap to which the
cloth or other covering is to be affixed, we next proceed to cut pieces of cloth or
other material of such shape as to form the crown and sides or back and front
parts of the cap, as denoted by the blue color at Figures 2 and 3, and we cut
similar shaped pieces of oilskin or other reversible material, denoted by red
color at Figures 1 and 3, and connect these two materials together by sewing
them along the edges at a, a, thus forming the two halves A and B of the cap
of different materials, namely, the back part of the cap is of oilskin or other
material, and the front part is of cloth or other material.
Having done
this, we next proceed to connect the said cover to the foundation or head
lining of the cap by sewing, as commonly practised. We also propose
to affix ventilators C, C, (as at Figure 3) at opposite sides of the cap,
taking care to leave openings in the lining of the cap at such said parts.
D, D, are buttons, and E, E, button holes, for connecting the front and back
parts A and B together; G is an ornamental band, made in two parts respec-
tively, affixed to the cloth of the cap at the front and back parts thereof, and
presenting the appearance exhibited at Figure 2; H is the peak, affixed to the
cap in the usual way. By our improved mode of manufacturing caps it will
be seen, that according as it is desired to have either the cloth of the cap
exposed, or the oilskin, or other reversible material, in like manner we turn
down the part A', at Figure 8, either to the right hand or to the left.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of our said
Invention of improvements in caps or covering for the head, together
with the best means we are acquainted with for carrying the same into prac-

page_text: tical effect, we would remark, in conclusion, that we declare our Invention to
consist in, and we claim, the manufacturing of caps in the manner herein-before
particularly described and represented, by permanently combining a waterproof
or other reversible covering with the cloth cover of the cap, thus rendering
such coverings capable of being reversed, as above stated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Julius Goodman, Abraham Myers, and
Louis Goodman, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eight
day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven.
Witness,
JULIUS GOODMAN. (L.S.)
A. MYERS.
(L.S.)
LOUIS GOODMAN.
(L.S.)
ALEX. PRINCE, Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.