IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATES AND GRATE-BARS
Year: 1884

page_text: .
RUVIDIONAL
DIECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings London, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the
nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATES AND GRATE-BARS' to be
as follows:-
"
t
My Invention more especially relates to that class of grates, the bars of which
are capable of being rocked separately or simultaneously for the purpose of
agitating the fuel.
་་
The object of my Invention is thoroughly to agitate and consume the fuel, to
crush the clinkers, and to secure an effective draught; which ends I attain by a
peculiar construction of the grate-bars and teeth, hereinafter set forth, and their
organization for joint operation.
The accompanying Drawing which represents so much only of the apparatus as
is necessary to illustrate the subject-matter show my improvements as adapted to
a rectangular grate, they being 'clearly applicable, however, to other forms of
grates.
Figure 1 represents a plan or top view of the grate.
114
Figure 2 a longitudinal section therethrough on the line 2, 2, of Figure 1.
Figure 3 an end view of one of the side lugs or teeth, showing it'as made with a
straight upper bevel or taper.
Figure 4 a similar view, showing it as made with a concave upper bevel or
taper; and
Figure 5 an end view of one of the bars, showing its contour or outline, and also
the double bevel on the sides of the teeth.
Grate bars have been constructed of various outlines and contours in cross section,
but so far as my knowledge extends they have heretofore been made with either
curved or straight bevelled upper surfaces.
My present improvement consists mainly in constructing the grate bar with a
flat upper surface and with the upper parts of its sides concave; and also in
constructing the laterally projecting lugs or teeth with upper concave bevels or
tapers. My improved grate bar is shown as perforated vertically and constructed
with a flat upper surface having a longitudinal groove or grooves therein, and with
[Price 6d1

page_text: the upper parts of its sides concave extending down between the teeth the portion
below the concaves being convex or of circular form, but with a gradual taper
towards the bottom to facilitate the casting; the bottom portion of the bar being
rounded.
In this instance the bar A is shown as constructed with a central web a, and
two side webs b b, with a double row of perforations c on each side of the central
web to admit air freely to the fuel. From the point d to e, Figure 2 each side of
the bar is made concave; from e to fit is made in the form of a flat curve-say on
a radius of about twelve inches-with a gradual taper towards the bottom, which,
from fto f, is round.
.
These bars are provided with lateral lugs or teeth G having vertical longitudinal
perforations, or air passages g. These teeth are preferably arranged to alternate
with each other, instead of being opposite each other on the bar. They are also
made to taper gradually from top to bottom, and from their inner ends outward, as
shown in Figures 3 and 4, to facilitate drawing from the sand, and to permit the
free discharge of the ashes. They are also formed on each side with double bevels
as shown at x and y in Figures 4 and 5. The upper bevel is concave and serves to
catch and hold the fine coal, so that it is more effectively consumed; and the
straight lower bevel y permits the ashes to readily pass through the grate.
The inner edge of the upper concave bevel coincides with, or is of the same
width as, the concave bevel on the grate bar, and tapers toward the outer upper
corner of the tooth, as shown clearly in Figure 5.
These teeth interlock with each other, allowing sufficient clearance in passing
each other, and their bottoms extend to a point so far below the normal upper
surface of the grate that in rocking they do not pass above it. Owing to their
tapering or wedge-shaped form, the sides of the teeth alternately approximate and
recede from each other as they are rocked, and thus crush or grind the clinkers.
This form of grate is particularly adapted to fine coal, as it catches on the concave
upper surfaces of the bar and the concave bevels of the teeth, and is burned there,
instead of dropping directly through as it would on ordinary straight bevels.
Longitudinal grooves i in the bars also serve to retain fine coal.
Each bar is provided with a pendant or crank-arm H united to a coupling-bar I,
so that all the bars may be rocked together in well known ways. Any desired
number of these bars may be united in a suitable frame to constitute a grate of the
form and size desired.
The laterally-projecting perforated teeth G are formed with wide ends curved on
the arc of a circle from top to bottom. This will appear more especially from
Figure 2. The wide ended teeth enable the bars to be rocked without creating
large openings, and thus to a great degree prevent waste of fuel by its falling into
the ash pit.
Deted this Savantoonth day of Tanno 1001

page_text: "
I WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare
the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATES AND GRATE BARS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This Invention more especially relates to that class of grates the bars of which
are capable of being rocked, separately or simultaneously, for the purpose of
agitating the fuel.
The object of my Invention is thoroughly to agitate and consume the fuel, to
crush the clinkers, and to secure an effective draft, which ends I attain by a
peculiar construction of the grate-bars and teeth, hereinafter set forth, and their
organization for joint operation.
The accompanying Drawing, represents so much only of the apparatus as is
necessary to illustrate my improvements as adapted to a rectangular grate, they
being clearly applicable, however, to other forms of grates.
Figure 1 is a plan or top view of the grate.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section therethrough on the line 2 2 Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an end view of one of the side lugs or teeth, showing it as made
with a straight upper bevel or taper.
Figure 4 is a similar view, showing it as made with a concave upper bevel or
taper; and
Figure 5 is an end view of one of the bars, showing its contour or outline, and
also the double bevel on the sides of the teeth.
Grate-bars have been constructed of various outlines and contours in cross-
section; but they have heretofore been made with either curved or straight
bevelled upper surfaces.
My present improvement consists, mainly, in constructing' the grate-bar with a
flat upper surface, and with the upper parts of its sides concave, and also in
constructing the laterally projecting lugs or teeth with upper concave bevels or
tapers. My improved grate-bar is shown as perforated vertically, and constructed
with a flat upper surface having a longitudinal groove or grooves therein, and with
the upper parts of its sides concave, extending down between the teeth, the portion
below the concaves being convex or of circular form, but with a gradual taper
toward the bottom, to facilitate the casting, the bottom portion of the bar being
rounded. In this instance the bar A is shown as constructed with a central web a
and two side webs, b, b, with a double row of perforations con each side of the
central web, to admit air freely to the fuel. From the point d to e, Figure 2, each
side of the bar is made concave. From e to fit is made in the form of a flat curve,
say, on a radius of about twelve inches, with a gradual taper toward the bottom,
which from f to f is round. These bars are provided with lateral lugs or teeth G,
having vertical longitudinal perforations or air-passages g. These teeth are
preferably arranged to alternate with each other, instead of being opposite each
other on the bar. They are also made to taper gradually from top to bottom, and
from their inner ends outward, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, to facilitate drawing

page_text: from the sand, and to permit the free discharge of the ashes. They are also formed
on each side with double bevels, as shown at x and y in Figures 4 and 5. The
upper bevel is concave and serves to catch and hold the fine coal, so that it is more
effectively consumed, and the straight lower bevel y permits the ashes to readily
pass through the grate. The inner edge of the upper concave bevel coincides with,
or is of the same width as, the concave bevel on the grate-bar, and tapers toward
the outer upper corner of the tooth, as shown clearly in Figure 5. These teeth
interlock with each other, allowing sufficient clearance in passing each other, and
their bottoms extend to a point so far below the normal upper surface of the grate
that in rocking they do not pass above it. Owing to their tapering or wedge-
shaped form, the sides of the teeth alternately approximate and recede from each
other as they are rocked, and thus crush or grind the clinkers.
This form of grate is particularly adapted to fine coal, as it catches on the
concave upper surfaces of the bar and the concave bevels of the teeth, and is burned
there, instead of dropping directly through, as it would on ordinary straight
bevels. Longitudinal grooves i in the bars also serve to retain fine coal. Each
bar is provided with a pendant or crank-arm H united to a coupling-bar I, so that
all the bars may be rocked together in well-known ways. Any desired number of
these bars may be united in a suitable frame to constitute a grate of the form and
size desired.
The laterally-projecting perforated teeth Gare formed with wide ends curved on
the arc of a circle from top to bottom. This, will appear more especially from
Figure 2. The wide ended teeth enable the bars to be rocked without creating
large openings, and thus to a great degree prevent, waste of fuel by its falling into
the ash pit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. A grate-bar constructed, as described, with a flat top, and the upper parts
of its sides concave.
Second. A grate-bar constructed, as described, with a flat top, vertical perforations
therein, and the upper parts of its sides concave.
Third. A grate-bar constructed as described, with a flat top, longitudinal, grooves
and vertical perforations therein, and the upper parts of its sides concave.
Fourth. A grate-bar constructed, as described, with a flat top, the upper parts of
its sides concave, and downwardly-tapering convex lower sides.
Fifth. A grate-bar constructed, as described, with a flat top, laterally-projecting
lugs or teeth, the upper parts of its sides concave between the teeth, and
downwardly-tapering convex lower sides.
Sixth. A grate-bar constructed, as described, with a flat top, vertical perforations,
laterally-projecting lugs or teeth, the upper parts of its sides concave between the
teeth, and downwardly-tapering convex lower sides.
Seventh. A grate-bar constructed, as described, with a flat top, vertical
perforations, laterally projecting vertically-perforated lugs or teeth, the upper parts
of its sides concave between the teeth, downwardly-tapering convex lower sides,
and a rounded bottom.
Eighth. The combination, substantially as herein set forth, of a series of grate-
bars constructed, as described, with flat tops, vertical perforations, laterally-
projecting interlapping lugs or teeth, the upper parts of its sides concave between
the teeth, and downwardly-tapering lower sides.
Ninth. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the bar and the laterally-
projecting teeth formed with a double bevel on each side.
Tenth. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the bar and the laterally-
projecting teeth formed on each side with a bevel y. and a concave bevel x

page_text: Eleventh. The combination of the bar formed with the upper parts of its sides
concave, and the laterally-projecting teeth formed with concave
bevels x,
substantially as, and for the purpose, specified.
Twelfth. A grate-bar having laterally-projecting perforated teeth made wide at
their ends and curved from top to bottom.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.