Improvements in Brake Apparatus for the Wheels of Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brake Apparatus for the Wheels of Vehicles.
We, FREDERICK HENRY AYRES, of 111, Aldersgate Street, in the City of
London, Manufacturer, and WILLIAM GEORGE THORNE, of 146, Morley Avenue,
Noel Park, Green Lanes, in the County of Middlesex, Foreman Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in brake apparatus applicable to the
wheels of velocipedes and other vehicles.
As applied to an ordinary safety bicycle driven from the back wheel the
arrangement would be substantially as follows;-
On the rear wheel hub (containing the axle) on the opposite side to the
small sprocket or chain wheel is affixed a circular hollowed plate, or box and
within this hollow plate or box is also formed an inner circular wall, or flange
the inner surface being screw threaded to receive a locking flange collar.
Within the hollow plate or annular brake box lie parts (say two) or shoes
which outwardly are shaped to the inner wall of the brake box. These two
shoes may be removably connected to keep them in relative position in the box
they are also formed with squared or thickened portions on their inner sides
and are on their outward ar vertical sides connected by screws, or studs to a
covering plate, these screw lying in slots in that cover so as to admit of radial
play, but not of circular relative motion. This plate has side lugs or stop parts
to engage the stays from the crank bracket to the rear hub and also the stay
therefrom upwardly to the saddle pillar.
Between these friction shoes or pieces and the inner wall or circular flange
lies a cam ring or distending part which is capable of being rotated on such
inner wall by means of an arm therefrom actuated by a cord, wire, band, chain
or equivalent connection carried along say (the under-side of) the back fork up
to the handle bar, or to other convenient situation to be drawn upon or actuated
by the hand of the rider or otherwise.
The locking flange collar referred to when screwed into the internal thread
of the central wall of the box serves to lock on the cover and completely enclose
the brake parts except the small opening left for the operating arm of the cam
piece.
Upon movement being given to said cam by its arm the shoes are wedged
against the brake box wall and the cover connected to the shoes and that cover
being prevented from rotation by the lugs engaging the back fork ends, the
moving wheel parts and the relatively fixed frame are more or less locked
together.
The wheel axle passes through the whole and is locked to the back fork ends
in usual manner.
In some cases the movement of the cam arm may operate an external piece

page_text: or shoe so as to cause it to come in contact with the back fork rear end and put
friction on the external surface of the rotating brake box attached to the wheel,
or wheel hub additionally of the internal friction.
Dated this 7th day of October 1897.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brake Apparatus for the Wheels of Vehicles.
We, FREDERICK HENRY AYRES, of 111, Aldersgate Street, in the City of
London, Manufacturer, and WILLIAM GEORGE THORNE, of 146, Morley Avenue,
Noel Park, Green Lanes, in the County of Middlesex, Foreman Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in brake apparatus applicable to the
wheels of velocipedes and other vehicles.
As applied to an ordinary safety bicycle driven from the back wheel the
arrangement would be substantially as described hereinafter by way of example,
reference being had to the accompanying drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shows an interior face view of one form of the improved brake apparatus
with parts removed.
Fig.
Fig. 1.
shows a cross sectional view of the apparatus, taken on the line x-x,
Fig. 3 is an outer face view of the same with cover in place.
Fig. 4 shows an edge view, looking on the right hand side of Fig. 3.
Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are separate views of details.
Fig. 8 shows an interior face view of a preferred embodiment of the invention,
certain parts having been removed.
Fig. 9 is a part sectional view of the rear wheel hub with the improved brake
apparatus applied thereto, the section being taken on the line y-y Fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is an outer face view of the same.
Fig. 11 is a part sectional view on the line z, z, of Fig. 8.
Figs. 12 and 13 show by side view and sectional view respectively a modifica-
tion of a detail to be hereinafter more fully described.
Figs. 14 and 15 show by side view and edge view respectively a modified form
of our improved brake apparatus.
Figs. 1 to 7 show one form of improved brake apparatus adapted to be applied
to a safety bicycle the arrangement of which is as follows:-
On the rear wheel hub, (containing the axle) on the opposite side to the small
sprocket or chain wheel, is affixed a circular hollowed plate or box a and within
this hollow plate or box is also formed an inner circular wall or flange a¹, the
inner surface being screw threaded to receive a locking flange collar b. Within
the hollow plate or annular brake box a lie parts (say two) or shoes c, c, which
outwardly are shaped to the inner wall of the brake box. These two shoes may
be removably connected to keep them in relative position in the box, as by a
pin centering or. engaging a hole c², they are also formed with squared or
thickened portions on their inner sides and are on their outward or vertical
sides connected by screws, or studs c to a covering plate d, these screws lying

page_text: in slots d¹ in that cover d, so as to admit of radial play, but not of circular
relative motion. The shoes c, c, are shown separately in Figs. 5 and 6. In
Fig. 3 the head of a screw ct is removed in order to clearly show the screw in
the slot. The plate has side lugs or stop parts to engage the stays
from the crank bracket to the rear hub and also the stay therefrom upwardly
to the saddle pillar.
Between these friction shoes or pieces c and the inner wall or circular flange a¹
lies a cam ring or distending part e shown separately in Fig. 7, which is capable
of being rotated on such inner wall by means of an arm e¹ therefrom, actuated
by a cord, wire, band, chain or equivalent connection (not shewn) carried along
(say the underside of) the back fork up to the handle bar, or to other convenient
situation to be drawn upon or actuated by the hand of the rider or otherwise.
The locking flange collar 6 referred to, when screwed into the internal thread
of the central wall a' of the box a serves to lock on the cover d, and completely
enclose the brake parts except the small opening left for the operating arm
of the cam piece e.
Upon movement being given to said cam e by its arm e¹, the shoes c are
wedged against the brake box wall, and the cover d connected to the shoes and
that cover being prevented from rotation by the lugs engaging the back fork
ends, the moving wheel parts and the relatively fixed frame are more or less
locked together.
Figs. 8-13 show a preferred form of the improved brake apparatus.
Like parts are designated by like reference letters in the respective embodi-
ments of the invention.
Referring to Figs. 8-13, the inner face of the cam piece e is provided with
notches or grooves e² to receive antifriction balls e which bear upon the inner
wall or flange a¹ of the brake box a. The cam piece is also provided with an
eccentric part et upon its outer periphery. Upon movement being given to the
said cam piece by its arm el, the cam or eccentric portion bears upon an anti-
friction ball and wedges it into the notch formed at g, thus forcing the shoe c
against the brake box wall to lock the moving wheel parts upon the relatively
fixed frame as already described.
A pin carried by the cam e forms an axis for a bearing roller e. In some
cases we prefer to employ an antifriction roll f', in place of the ball f, as
shown in Figs. 12 and 13.
The wheel axle passes through the whole and is locked to the back fork ends
in usual manner.
In some cases the movement of the cam arm may operate an external piece
or shoe so as to cause it to come in contact with the back fork rear end and put
friction on the external surface of the rotating brake box attached to the wheel
or wheel hub additionally of the internal friction.
This embodiment is illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15, in which the arm e' operates
an external piece or shoe h so as to press it against an antifriction roller ¹
carried by the back fork rear end i. This causes friction to be put on the external
surface of the rotating brake box a additionally of the internal friction. In
some cases the roller h¹ may be omitted or substituted by equivalent means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. In a brake apparatus for the wheel of a bicycle or other vehicle and acting
on the hub,, the combination of a two part case, or box and cover, the one part
or box being rigidly connected to the hub, and the other part or cover being
connected rigidly to the framing carrying the axle said cover having a
friction shoe piece or pieces attached to it with limited capability of radial ex-
pansive movement with the box, with a cam or eccentric lying within said

page_text: shoes in the box around the central wall thereof, and preferably provided with
antifriction balls or rollers, said cam or eccentric being capable by the inter-
vention of a ball or roller of expanding the friction shoe or part shoes against
the wall of the box and so preventing relative movement of the parts of the
brake box, under the influence of a lever or projection actuated by the user by
means of suitable connections, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
shown by the drawings.
2. In a brake apparatus for the wheel of a bicycle or other vehicle and acting
on the hub of said wheel, the combination of a two part case, or box and cover,
the one part, or box, being connected rigidly to the hub, and the other part,
or cover, being connected rigidly to the framing carrying the axle, said cover
having a friction shoe, or part shoes, attached to it with a limited capability of
movement in radial directions within the box, with a cam or eccentric lying
within said shoes in the box around the central wall of said box, and capable of
rotation to expand the part shoes against the side of the box by means of a
projecting arm or lever to be actuated by suitable connections by the user, all
substantially as and for the purpose set forth and shown by the drawings.
3. The combination or arrangement and use in co-operation with the mechan-
ism described in Claim 1 or Claim 2 of an additional frictional or wedge brake
shoe applied externally of the rotatory brake box, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and illustrated by the drawings with reference to Figures 14
and 15.
4. The combinations of parts of brake apparatus for the wheels of velocipedes
and other vehicles, as herein described and shewn by the drawings.
Dated the 27th day of June 1898.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.