Improvements in or relating to Roller Bearings for Railway Carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec.. 1896-Accepted, 13th Mar., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Roller Bearings for Railway
Carriages.
I, GEORGE POLACK of 9 Canalstrasse Bachum in the Empire of Germany
Engineer, do hereby declare, the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
In roller bearings for railway carriages it is essentially important, that shocks
received by the carriage are not transferred too hardly to. the. rollers. In
passenger carriages the spring connection of the axle box would avoid this incon-
venience, but in goods wagons of small railway lines spring axles boxes are often
avoided in order to make the load as small and to build the carriages as simply as
possible. In order to balance shocks of the wagon or coach, in this roller bearing
the axle box is arranged with limited mobility between a spring bow or hoop and a
spring base plate, to each of which the elasticity is given by its form.
In the annexed drawings Figs. 1 to 4 show a roller bearing of this kind. The
base plate A is bent in the middle so that it projects below or away from the carrier
of the carriage framing. The base plate A as well as the hoop B are of wrought
iron or steel, that is to say of an elastic material so that their material as well as
their form makes them spring like. Between the two is seated the axle box L with
limited mobility and in Figs. 1 and 2 on the projections K' K', in Figs. 3 and 4 on
the projection K¹ and between the lugs K' and K.
The arrangement in Figs. 3 and 4 with a hoop B reaching beyond the axle
box L especially allows the axle bearing to follow a depression in either rail so
that the wheels can always remain in contact with the rails.
The hoop bow B can be connected with the base plate as shown in Fig. 1 or can
lie upon it or over-reach it at the end as in Fig. 3.
The rollers of the bearing can lie in so called roller holders in order to prevent,
the rollers falling together when the, axle journal or neck is drawn out of the
bearing.
Such roller holders can also serve to keep the rollers at certain distances from
one another, so that friction of the rollers against one another is avoided.
As roller holders I may use U sectioned rings H' and H' as shown in Figs. 5 to 13
or T rings, as in Figs. 14 to 15, in all of which the rollers rest with their end-pivots
in the roller bolders. I may also use two plate-rings H1 H2 with pins Z, upon
which the rollers run with corresponding borings in their ends, as shown in
Figs. 16 and 17. Also mere wire rings can serve as roller holders, as in Fig. 19
showing an interior ring or as in Fig. 1 a double wire ring which gives simul-
taneously an interior and exterior support for the rollers, or I may use combination
of an exterior plate ring with an interior ring as in Figs. 21 and 22. Further in
order to avoid boring the rollers a cylindrical tube H, Figs. 25 and 26 of a little
larger diameter than the axle journal or neck, can be used, which tube is provided
with longitudinal slots, through which the rollers pass, inside or as in Figs. 28
and 29 the rollers can lie between two half or whole plate tubes. Instead of a
roller holder on both ends of the rollers there can be applied a roller holder on one
end, whilst the other end of the roller lies on a cylindrical projection on the bearing
box or on the bearing cover as in Fig. 2.
A part of the before named roller holders can be so arranged that the rollers
remain at certain distances from one another for instance pressing together the
rings near the pivots, as in Figs. 7 13 20 or by borings, as in Figs. 15 and 22 or
in the manner shown in Figs. 25 26 28 and 29.

page_text: A special kind of roller holders is shown in Fig. 27, wherein perforated rolls or
tubes are used, which ranged on a wire can be placed by the bending of the wire
in a cylindrical form parallel to one another.
All the roller holders can be composed of one whole or of two or more parts.
Roller holders consisting of two parts are shown in Figs. 9 10 12 13 and 19 to 22
and 28 29 namely of two not connected parts, whilst Figs. 23 and 24 show a roller
holder composed of two hinged parts.
The roller holders consisting of several parts are especially necessary, where
there are inner bearings or bipartite axle boxes. In both cases it is of advantage
in consideration of an easy placing of the rollers, to be able to slide into the
bearing roller holders consisting of two or more parts already. provided. with
rollers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
(1.) A roller bearing for railway carriages or wagons having a base plate A
caused to act like a spring by its form and an elastic hoop or how 13, between
which is seated the axle box L for the purpose of deadening the transfer to the
roller bearing of shocks to the carriages or wagons.
(2.) A roller bearing described under Claim 1 in which the elastic hoop B is so
formed, that it allows of movement of the axle box L downwards so that it can
follow depressions in the rail when the rails are uneven.
(3.) A roller bearing as in Claim 1 or 2 in which the rollers are supported on
one end by a ring reaching round the axle journal and on the other end upon a
cylindrical projection (as in Fig. 2) of the axle box, for the purpose of preventing
the rollers from falling together when the axle neck is drawn out.
(4.) A roller bearing as in Claim 1 or 2 in which the rolls on both ends of the
bearing are each supported by an annular roll holder (Figs. 5 to 15). which
surround the free pivots simultaneously all together or each singly or which (as in
Figs. 16 and 17) are provided with pins for receiving the rolls bored at their
ends in order to allow the axle journal or neck to be drawn out without the
rollers falling together, or to keep the rollers at certain distances from one another.
(5.) A roller bearing as in Claim 1 or 2 in which the rolls are each supported
on both ends of the bearing by an annular roller holder of wire Figs. 18-22 which
surrounds the rollers conveniently, recesses at the corresponding places holding all
or each singly either only from the interior or simultaneously from the interior and
the exterior for the purpose of allowing the axle journal or neck to be drawn out
without the rollers falling together, in order to keep the rollers at certain distances
from one another.
(6.) A roller bearing as in Claim 1 or 2 in which the smooth rolls rest in slots
of a simple or double plate cylinder (Figs. 25 26 and 28 29) for the purpose of
allowing the axle journal to be drawn out, without the rollers falling together.
(7.) A roll hearing as in Clain 1 or 2 in which tubular rollers are arranged upon
a wire (Fig. 27) and are brought by the bending of the latter into a cylindrical form
parallel to one another for the purpose of allowing the axle journal to be drawn
out without the rollers falling together.
(8.) Roller bearings as in Claims 3 to 7 in which each single roll holder consists
of two or more parts, which are without any connection between one another
(Figs. 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 19, 20, 28, 29,) or which are hinged together (Fig. 24]
for the purpose of using roll holders also in recessed bearings or bipartite axle
boxes.
2000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agents to Applicant: