A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR METHOD OF DESTROYING OR REMOVING DELETERIOUS COMPOUNDS FORMED DURING THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING SODA ASH, SUCH COMPOUNDS BEING CYANOGEN COMPOUNDS, SULPHIDES, AND HYPOSULPHITES OF SODA
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Glover, of the Carville Chemical Works, Wallsend,
in the County of Northumberland, Chemical Manufacturer, for the Invention
of "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR METHOD OF DESTROYING OR REMOVING
DELETERIOUS COMPOUNDS FORMED DURING THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING
SODA ASH, SUCH COMPOUNDS BEING CYANOGEN COMPOUNDS, SULPHIDES, AND
HYPOSULPHITES OF SODA."
.
Sealed the 17th December 1878, and dated the 9th October 1878.
Sealed the 17th December 1878, and dated the 9th October 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Glover at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th October 1878.
GEORGE GLOVER, of the Carville Chemical Works, Wallsend, in the County of
Northumberland, Chemical Manufacturer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR
METHOD OF DESTROYING OR REMOVING DELETERIOUS COMPOUNDS FORMED DURING
THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING SODA ASH,. SUCH COMPOUNDS BEING CYANOGEN
COMPOUNDS, SULPHIDES, AND HYPOSULPHITES OF SODA."
After the red liquors have been introduced into the black ash pan and well
incorporated with the contents thereof, as is usually the case, I take a sample of the
mixture and analyse it for the relative quantity of deleterious compounds. Having
thus arrived at the knowledge the ratio of the contents of the black ash pan bears
to the deleterious compounds I add to and mix with the contents of the black ash
pan a certain quantity of peroxide of manganese or manganese mud.
The contents of the said black ash pan may now be removed to the carbonating
furnace, and there undergo the usual process. The result would be a soda ash nearly
equal in appearance and quality to refined alkali.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Glover in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th April
1879.
GEORGE GLOVER, of the Carville Chemical Works, Wallsend, in the County of
Northumberland, Chemical Manufacturer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR
METHOD OF DESTROYING OR REMOVING DELETERIOUS COMPOUNDS FORMED DURING
THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING SODA ASH, SUCH COMPOUNDS BEING CYANOGEN
COMPOUNDS, SULPHIDES, AND HYPOSULPHITES OF SODA."
During the usual process of manufacturing soda ash and potash many deleterious
compounds are formed, which render the manufactured articles impure, of a dark
color, and of a less marketable value than when free from these objectionable
qualities.
Several methods and means have been devised to remedy these defects in order
to obtain soda ash and potash of a comparatively pure quality and of a white.
colour. These methods have however proved either costly in carrying out or deficient
in their results.
To obviate these defects is the object of my Invention, and to effect this end I
propose to take advantage of the well-known oxidizing effect of manganic acid when
combined with soda or potash to convert bodies from a lower to a higher state of
oxidation, and convert sulphides into sulphates.
In the following Specification I would have it understood that when I use the
term "tank liquor" I mean the solution obtained by the lixiviation of what is
known as the " balls," and when I use the term "black salts " I mean the residue
obtained by the evaporation of the said " tank liquor," both terms being well known
in the alkali trade:
The method I find most effective to carry out the objects of my Invention is to
add to the "tank liquors" in the " black_salt" pan such a quantity of manganese
in the form of any of its salts, compounds, or oxides, either native or.artificial, as
shall form as much manganate of soda when the "black salts" obtained from such
so treated " tank liquor" shall be exposed to the usual finishing process in a car-
bonating furnace as shall oxidise or partially oxidize any lower oxides or compounds
of sulphur contained therein.
It is obvious that the quantity of manganese, its salts, or oxides that may be
required will vary with the amounts of impurities in the "black salts" obtained
from the "tank liquors," but as a guide to those using my Invention I find from
experiments made on "tank liquors" from hand-made balls that such an amount
of any of the oxides or salts of manganese as shall be equal to about three ounces
of commercial peroxide of manganese of 60 to 70 per cent. is sufficient (when added
as before described) for each ton of the finished carbonates of soda (known as soda
ash) and potash.
Although I have thus described a method by which my Invention may be carried
out I find that the addition of the salts or oxides of manganese, either natural or
artificial, may be made to the "black salt” in any of its stages between the "black
salt" pan and the finishing or carbonating furnace.
In the event of the quality of the raw materials about to be used for the manu-
facture of soda ash or of potash varying or being unknown to the manufacturer,
and consequently the proportion of deleterious compounds in the "black salts "
questionable, I would then add the purifying agent to the contents of the black
salt pans in such a quantity as to form in the carbonating furnace manganate of
soda; the blue green colour of the product would indicate to the manufacturer the
completeness of the operation. A quantity similar to that used to produce the above
result should then be employed to each and all subsequent repetitions of the manu-
facturing process.

page_text: If the contents of the "black salt" pan be treated according to my Invention
as above described, and the usual manufacturing process completed, a soda ash
would be produced nearly equal in appearance and quality to refined alkali.
Having now described my said Invention, together with the mode of carrying the
same into practical effect, I would observe in conclusion that I claim as my Inven-
tion secured to me by the above in part recited Letters Patent, the use in the
manufacture of soda ash (carbonate of soda) and of potash of any oxide or salts of
manganese, either native or artificial (under which latter term I include the sub-
stance known in the bleaching powder trade as manganese or Weldon mud) in such
proportion as shall form manganate of soda or of potash in the carbonating or
finishing furnace, with the object of wholly or partially oxidizing the cyanogen
compounds as well as the lower oxides of sulphur or compounds of sulphur, and
improving the color and quality of the carbonates of soda or potash.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Glover, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.
GEORGE GLOVER. (L.S.)