AN IMPROVED COMBINATION OF COCK AND VALVE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF WATER FROM CONSTANT SUPPLY PIPES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Dalziel, of Deptford, in the County
of Kent, Brass Founder, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
COMBINATION OF COCK AND VALVE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF WATER
FROM CONSTANT SUPPLY PIPES."
Sealed the 27th November 1868, and dated the 28th May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Dalziel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th May 1868.
I, WILLIAM DALZIEL, of Deptford, in the County of Kent, Brass
Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED COMBINATION OF COCK AND VALVE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OP
WATER FROM CONSTANT SUPPLY PIPES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of an improved combination of cock and valve for
controlling the flow of water from constant supply pipes is intended
more particularly to be applied for the regulation and prevention of
waste in the supply of water for domestic purposes where such supply

page_text: is derived directly from the main service pipe without the intervention
of a tank or cistern, or in other words where there is what is termed a
"constant supply."
In carrying out my Invention I employ two cylinders of different
diameters placed end to end on the same axis, each cylinder being fitted
with a piston, both of which pistons are attached to one rod in such a
position that their stroke or travel is equal. This piston rod passes a
certain distance through the smaller piston and carries at the end a
valve. One end of the smaller cylinder is connected with two pipes
communicating with each other, but so arranged that the communication
may be shut off by means of the valve just mentioned, and which will
take place when the pistons are at one extremity of their stroke. One
of these pipes communicates directly with the supply while the other
pipes communicates with the cock or tap, which is placed at one end of
the larger cylinder. This cock is constructed with three distinct ways
or passages, one of which controls the communication from the pipe
to the discharge orifice or nozzle, while through another the pressure of
the water is led from an aperture communicating with the supply
pipe to that end of the larger cylinder next to the cock, this second
way or passage being so placed in relation to the first that they both
open their respective communications at the same time. The third way
or passage communicates between the same end of the larger cylinder
and the discharge orifice or nozzle, but is so placed in relation to the
two former ways or passages as to open its communication when they
have by the movement of the plug been closed.
The operation of this arrangement is such that when the cock is
open for supply the water is being at the same time admitted through
the cock as just described to the larger cylinder, and acting on the area
of its piston overcomes the pressure that is at the same time acting on
the lesser area of the piston in the smaller cylinder at the opposite end,
whereby the two are forced to the other extremity of their stroke, at
which extremity the valve on the end of the piston rod closes the
communication between the pipe leading to the supply and that leading
to the cock, whereby the flow of the water is arrested and remains
so until the position of the plug of the cock is changed when the water
is shut off from the larger cylinder, and a communication being at the
same time opened therefrom to the discharge orifice or nozzle all
pressure on the larger piston is released when the pressure in the

page_text: supply pipe acting on the valve at the other end of the piston rod is
left unbalanced and the valve is forced open. The pressure of the
water is thus admitted to act upon the area of the small piston
whereby the piston's rod and valve are pressed back again to their former
position, so that when the plug of the cock is also moved back the
supply will be resumed. In order to avoid the compression and
consequent resistance which would be caused during the time the water
is acting on the larger piston by the contents of the larger cylinder
being driven into the smaller cylinder I construct a small passage
from the junction of the two cylinders to the discharge orifice or nozzle
whereby all pressure is permitted to escape. By alternately changing
to and fro the position of the plug of the cock any required amount of
water may be drawn off, but whatever the position in which the plug of
the cock is left only such a limited quantity of water can pass through
from the supply pipe as will pass during the time occupied by the
pressure of the water forcing the larger piston to the extremity of its
stroke, which time and consequently the amount of water so drawn off
may be regulated in the construction of the apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Dalziel in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
DALZIEL, of Deptford, in the County of Kent, Brass Founder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Dalziel, Her
special licence that I, the said William Dalziel, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Dalziel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED COMBINATION OF COCK AND VALVE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF
WATIR FROM CONSTANT SUPPLY PIPES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Dalziel, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Dalziel, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My Invention of an improved combination of cock and valve for
controlling the flow of water from constant supply pipes is intended
more particularly to be applied for the regulation and prevention of
waste in the supply of water for domestic purposes where such supply
is derived directly from the main service pipe without the intervention of
a tank or cistern, or in other words where there is what is termed a
constant supply.
In carrying out my Invention, I employ two cylinders, of different
diameters placed end to end on the same axis, each cylinder being fitted
with a piston, both of which pistons are attached to one rod in such a
position that their stroke or travel is equal. This piston rod passes a
certain distance through the smaller piston and carries at the end
a valve. One end of the smaller cylinder is connected with two pipes
communicating with each other, but so arranged that the communica-
tion may be shut off by means of the valve just mentioned, and which
will take place when the pistons are at one extremity of their stroke.
One of these pipes communicates directly with the supply while the
other pipe communicates with the cock or tap, which is placed at one
end of the larger cylinder. This cock is constructed with three
distinct ways or passages, one of which controls the communication
from the pipe to the discharge orifice or nozzle, while through another
the pressure of the water is led from an aperture communicating with
the supply pipe to that end of the larger cylinder next to the cock,

page_text: this second way or passage being so placed in relation to the first
that they both open their respective communications at the same time.
The third way or passage communicates between the same end of the
larger cylinder and the discharge orifice or nozzle, but is so placed
in relation to the two former ways or passages as to open its com-
munication when they have by the movement of the plug been
closed.
The operation of this arrangement is such that when the cock is
open for supply the water is being at the same time admitted through
the cock as just described to the larger cylinder, and acting on the area
of its piston overcomes the pressure that is at the same time acting on
the lesser area of the piston in the smaller cylinder at. the opposite
end, whereby the two are forced to the other extremity of their stroke,
at which extremity the valve on the end of the piston rod closes the
communication between the pipe leading to the supply and that
leading to the cock, whereby the flow of the water is arrested and
remains so until the position of the plug of the cock is changed when
the water is shut off from the larger cylinder, and a communication
being at the same time opened therefrom to the discharge orifice or
nozzle all pressure on the larger piston is released when the pressure
in the supply pipe acting on the valve at the other end of the piston
rod is left unbalanced and the valve is forced open. The pressure of
the water is thus admitted to act upon the area of the smaller piston,
whereby the piston's rod and valve are pressed back again to their former
position, so that when the plug of the cock is also moved back the
supply will be resumed. In order to avoid the compression and con-
sequent, resistance which would be caused during the time the water
is acting on the larger piston by the contents of the larger cylinder
being driven into the smaller cylinder I construct a small passage from
the junction of the two cylinders to the discharge orifice or nozzle.
whereby all pressure is permitted to escape. By alternately changing
to and fro the position of the plug of the cock any required amount
of water, may be, drawn off, but whatever the position in which the
plug of the cock is left only such a limited quantity of water can
pass through from the supply pipe as pass, during the time occupied
by the pressure of the water forcing the larger piston to the extremity
of its stroke, which time, and consequently the amount of water so drawn.
off, may be regulated in the construction of the apparatus..

page_text: In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is back elevation, Fig. 2
side elevation in section, and Fig. 3 is front elevation in section at
line X, X, showing the various parts of my arrangement by which I
propose to carry out my Invention. Similar letters refer to similar parts
of the arrangement.
A is the inlet from the constant supply pipe; the water passes in the
direction shewn by the arrows through the valve at B into the
passage C, through the shell of the cock D out of the nozzle E; at the
same time a portion of water passes through the small aperture F
into the large cylinder G (as shewn by the arrows) rising the piston
H which by being fixed to the small valve and piston J by the piston
rod K. forces the small valve and piston J gradually against the valve
seat B thus cutting off all communication between the inlet A. and the
nozzle E. There is an outlet from the large cylinder G by an opening
L, where by turning the shell of the cock D a quarter of a turn you
place the port M opposite the opening L, and the nozzle E, as shewn
by the dotted lines, at the same time you cut off the communica-
tion between the nozzle E and passage C, also the aperture F, and
the large cylinder G when the pressure of water from the inlet A
acting upon the valve and piston I forces the pistons J and H to
the position as shewn in Fig. 3 causing the accumulated water in the
cylinder G to flow through the opening L, port M, and nozzle E.
Thus by re-turning the shell D a quarter of a turn the flow of water
will resume, the supply continuing only during the time occupied in
charging the large cylinder G with water through the aperture F,
and so on as often as may be required. There is a small aperture O
shewn in Fig. 3 leading from the top of the large cylinder G to the
nozzle E; the object of this aperture is to remove any pressure that
may be caused by the displacement in the large cylinder G by the
travel of the piston H.
Having now described the nature of my Invention of improved
combination of cock and valve for the controlling the flow of water from
constant supply pipes, and having explained the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I would remark that I do not restrict myself to
the precise details of construction as herein explained and illustrated,
inasmuch as the main principal of my Invention will not be effected

page_text: by any modification of which the said details of construction are capable;
but what I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein in
part recited Letters Patent is, the general arrangement and construction
of parts (substantially as herein specified and illustrated by the Drawings
annexed) constituting an Invention of improved combination of cock
and valve for controlling the flow of water from constant supply
pipes.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Dalziel, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of June in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
W. DALZIEL. (L.S.)