Improvements in or in the Manufacture of Certain Kinds of Sheet Metal Tubings and Tubular Parts for Cycle and other Uses.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 2nd May, 1896-Accepted, 11th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in the Manufacture of Certain Kinds of Sheet
Metal Tubings and Tubular Parts for Cycle and other Uses.
We, OLAF PIHLFELDT of 29 Golden Hillock Road, Small Heath, in the City
of Birmingham, Mechanical Engineer, and WILLIAM GEORGE GARNETT of
331 Bradford Street, Birmingham aforesaid, Machine and Tool Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has relation to that type of thin-walled metallic tubings or tubular
parts which are bisected by a divisional web stay, that is, an inside diaphragm
running longitudinally within, and crossing the diameter of, the tube.
By employing such an internal support, the walls of the tubes are reinforced and
the tubes themselves are strengthened.
According to one form of our improvements, we make both the walls of a brazed
tube and the stay integral being from a single strip of thin sheet metal.
In another form, we make the stay separate from the walls of the tubing, and
in a still further form, we bisect and locate within the interior of the tube a hollow
diaphragm stay.
In carrying out the first part of our improvements, a thin sheet steel or metal
strip is taken, of any suitable length and of a breadth a little greater than the
combined diameter and circumference of the tubing to be made. The middle part
of this length is formed into the stay or diaphragm terminated by oppositely
directed and inwardly stepped or set-back bearings which form broad seatings for
the terminal edges of the outside parts of the strip, which are respectively formed
into semi-circles constituting the halves of the tubing. Thus the continuous strip
is shaped longitudinally into a double right-angled cross section, with the junction
of the middle part with the ends step-shouldered to a depth about equal to the
thickness of the metal. When the outside edging parts are brought semi-
circularly round in opposite directions, they lie in the opposite sinkings and are
there brazed.
The roughly formed tubings thus made are then finally finished and trued by a
drawing-through process.
In carrying out a modification of this first form, the rabated seatings or bearings
are made in the opposite ends of the stay or diaphragm and within the given distance
making the diameter of the tube, whilst the opposite ends of the tube walls are
turned inwards so as to come and lie within the reversed rabates or set back seatings
and in common with the plane of the stay.
In applying our improvements to elliptical or D or other like sectioned tubings,
the diaphragm stay preferably crosses them in the shorter direction, although if
necessary the said stays may cross them in the longer direction.
If necessary the diaphragm stays may be longitudinally corrugated, so as to
admit of the slight contraction or shrinkage that may occur in the operation of
finishing.
In carrying out the second form of our improvements, in which the stay is made
separately from the walls of the tubing, we take a strip of thin sheet steel or metal,
of a breadth equal to the circumference of the tube to be made, and fashion the
same into a skelp which is subsequently bent into an open jointed tube. Directed -
along the middle of the inside of this tube is a Z-sectioned diaphragm stay, with
the ends, which are oppositely directed, following the inside shape of the tubing, -

page_text: with one of them coming opposite and breaking the joint of the tube. The stay is
then fixed and the joint closed by brazing.
In carrying out the third form of our improvements, in which the stays are
made hollow, a length of thin sheet steel or metal of a breadth sufficient to form
both tube and stay is taken and fashioned into a triangular sectioned hollow stay
with the end parts coming together at the apex of the triangle and being then
returned int semi-circular halves with the meeting ends coming at the middle of,
and overlapping, the base of the stay. The joint thus broken is brazed to the stay
and the other meeting parts are brazed together.
In a further form of this last part of our invention, the hollow stay is made
separately from the tubing. In carrying out this form, we take a length of metal
of sufficient breadth to form the tubing and which is bent up into an open-jointed
tube, and another length, of sufficient breadth to form the hollow stay is taken and
fashioned into an elongated rectangular figure, with the ends conforming to the inside
figure of the tubing, and with the ends of the strip forming the stay folding over
and interlocking one another.
In carrying out a still further form of the second part of our improvements, the
tubing may be made of two sectional halves, with the meeting edges coming together
and the joints broken by the beads or cross ends of an I-sectioned stay, or as a further
form, the ends of the two semi-circular half tubes are turned inwards, and when
brought together form inside flanges which take and lie within U-shaped or
troughed ends of the diaphragm stay.
Dated this 18th day of December 1895.
OLAF PIHLFELDT,
WILLIAM GEORGE GARNETT,
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicants.
improvements in or in the Manufacture of Certain Kinds of Sheet
Metal Tubings and Tubular Parts for Cycle and other Uses.
We, OLAF PIHLFELDT, of 29 Golden Hillock Road, Small Heath, in the City
of Birmingham, Mechanical Engineer, and WILLIAM GEORGE GARNETT of
331 Bradford Street, Birmingham aforesaid, Machine and Tool Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has relation to that type of thin-walled metallic tubings or
tubular parts which are bisected by a divisional web stay, that is, an inside
diaphragm running longitudinally within, and crossing the diameter of, the tube.
By employing such an internal support, the walls of the tubes are reinforced and
the tubes themselves are strengthened.
According to our improvements, we make both the walls of a brazed tube and
the stay integral cr from a single strip of thin sheet metal.
In carrying out the first part of our improvements, a thin sheet steel or metal
strip is taken, of any suitable length and of a breadth about equal to the combined
diameter and circumference of the tubing to be made. The middle part of this
length is formed into the stay or diaphragm terminated by oppositely directed and
inwardly stepped or set-back bearings which form broad seatings for the terminal
edges of the outside parts of the strip, which are respectively formed into semi-
circles.constituting the halves of the tubing. Thus the continuous strip is shaped
longitudinally into a double right-angled cross section, with the junction of the

page_text: middle part with the ends step-shouldered to a depth about equal to the
thickness of the metal. When the outside edging parts are brought semi-
circularly round in opposite directions they lie in the opposite sinkings and are
there brazed.
The roughly formed tubings thus made may be then finally finished and trued
by a drawing-through process.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a cross section of a thin sheet
metal seamed and brazed tubing diametrally bisected by a divisional web stay,
with the ends of the strip from which the tube is made lying within fixed bearings
or seatings at the terminations of the web stay.
Figure 2 represents an elevation of a length of the said tubing, showing one of
the seams.
Figure 3 represents a portion of the strip of sheet metal from which the tube
Figure 1 is made and which is of a breadth a little greater than the combined
diameter and circumference of the said tube. This strip is first fashioned by
forming dies or forming tools into somewhat the shape represented in Figure 4,
and then the outer parts are fashioned semi-circularly as shown in Figure 5, and
then by a closing process the extreme edges are made to seat themselves in the
set-back or shouldered seatings at the ends of the web stay, which seatings are of
a depth about equal to the thickness of the metal. When the joints are brazed, a
perfect internally supported seamed tube is produced although for some purposes
the joints may be left unbrazed.
In Figures 1 to 5, a is the tube, diametrally bisected by a longitudinal web
stay a', whose upper and lower terminations are formed with right-angled and
set-back broad seatings a³, wherein the extreme edges a', of the outer parts or
sides a³, of the tube lie and are there brazed.
In carrying out a modification of this first form, the rebated seatings or bearings
are made in the opposite ends of the stay or diaphragm and within the diameter of
the tube, whilst the opposite ends of the tube walls are turned inwards so as to
come and lie within the reversed rebates or set back seatings and run in a direction
common to the plane of the stay.
Figure 6 represents a cross section of such a tube and Figure 7 represents an
elevation of a length of the same, whilst Figure 8 shows the fashioned strip from
which the tube is made, but with the turned-in terminations of the sides separated
from the seatings in the divisional web stay or in the positions in which they come
just prior to the final closing.
a is the tubing, a¹ the divisional web stay, a² the seatings at the terminations of
the same, as the semi-circular side walls and at the terminal edges thereof lying
and being brazed within the said seatings.
In applying our improvements to elliptical or D or other like-sectioned tubings,
the diaphragm stay preferably crosses them in their shorter direction, although if
necessary the said stays may cross them in the longer direction.
Figure 9 represents a section of an elliptical tubing crossed by a divisional web
stay in its shorter direction, and with the seatings for the edges of the strip arranged
as in Figure 1.
Figure 10 is a like view of a D-sectioned tube, of the same organization as the
tube shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 represents a like tube as Figure 1, but with the divisional web stay
corrugated longitudinally and Figure 12 represents the said tube before the edges
of the same are closed into the seatings.
a is the tube, a' the web stay and a the corrugations in same which are of
an S-shape in cross section whilst a' are the set back seatings in which the edges a*
of the sides a³, lie and are there brazed.
According to another form of our invention, in which the stays are made hollow,
a length of thin sheet steel, or metal of a breadth sufficient to form both tube and
stay is taken and fashioned into a triangular sectioned hollow stay with the end
parts coming together at the apex of the triangle and being then returned into

page_text: semi-circular halves, with the meeting ends coming. at the middle of, and over-
Tapping, the base of the stay. The joint thus broken is brazed to the stay and the
other meeting parts are brazed together.
Figure 13 represents a seamed tubing diametrally bisected by a divisional hollow
or box web stay and Figure 14 represents the same prior to the sides being closed
-and their edges being brazed to the base of the stay.
a is the tube and a¹ the hollow stay, the outside of whose base a³, forms a seat
for the edges a', of the sides a³, of the tube to come upon and be there brazed.
The joint between the opposed parts aº, is also brazed.
Tubes constructed according to our invention are particularly applicable for use
in constructing oycle frames and for cycle and like work generally.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. A seamed and brazed tube made from sheet metal and internally
reinforced or supported by a divisional web stay, and with the extreme edges
of the sides of the said tube lying within set-back seatings or bearings formed
at the terminations of the said stay, substantially as described and set forth in
Figures 1 to 12.
Secondly. A seamed and brazed tube made from sheet metal and internally
reinforced or supported by a divisional hollow or box stay made out of the middle
part of the blank from which the said tube is fashioned, substantially as described
and set forth in Figures 13 and 14.
Dated this 1st day of May 1896.
OLAF PIHLFELDT,
WILLIAM GEORGÉ GARNETT,
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.