CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY. OR APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR DOUBLING COTTON, WORSTED, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
COOPER, of Royton, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twelth day of September, in the eighth year of Her reign, and
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred forty-four, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry
Cooper, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Henry Cooper, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said Henry Cooper, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all.
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY.
OR APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR DOUBLING COTTON, WORSTED, AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Henry Cooper, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Cooper, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described

page_text: and ascertained in and by the Drawing hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say:
"
66
My Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus to be used for Doubling Cotton,
Worsted, and other Fibrous Materials, apply to those machines employed
for doubling usually called or known by the name of "twining jennies," and
consist in certain modifications in the arrangement of the apparatus whereby
an ordinary jenny," with very little alteration, and at a very small cost, may
be made to produce about double the usual amount of thread, thereby effect-
ing a considerable saving, both in the space occupied by the machinery, and
also in the cost of the apparatus, as by my Invention a "jenny" of six hun-
dred spindles can be made at very little more cost than one of the ordinary
construction, containing only half that number of spindles. It will also be
evident to the practical spinner that several other advantages will be derived
from the application of my Invention; but in order that these improvements
may be better understood and more readily explained, I have attached to these
Presents a Drawing representing a portion of a twining jenny," with my im-
provements applied thereto, drawn to a scale of one inch and a half to the foot,
Fig. 1 being a plan or horizontal view, as seen from above, and Fig. 2 a trans-
verse section of the same, the like parts in both Figures being marked with simi-
lar letters of reference corresponding with the following description thereof:
In "jennies
of the ordinary construction (the operation of which I
think necessary to detail before describing my improvements), the cops of
yarn a, a, to be doubled are placed on wooden pins or skewers mounted in
the creel b, b, fixed to the carriage c, travelling on a railway d, at each end of
the machine, and supported at suitable intervals by the wheels e, e, bearing on
railways ff. The threads from these cops a, a, pass through guides over the
rails g, h, and i, and between the rails & and l, to the spindles m, mounted in
the spindle rails n, n, which are caused to revolve by bands passing around
the drum o, connected to the self-acting headstock (the main framing p, p, of
which is alone shewn, as the operation of a self-acting headstock is too well
known to need description), the whole being actuated by a band passing
round the driving pulley q. The motions of the machinery are as follows.-
The carriage c, c, is caused to recede from the spindles m, and give out a
certain amount of yarn to be doubled from the cops a, a,
which revolve loosely
in the creel b, b, the spindles m revolving at the same time so as to double or
twist the yarn as it is given out. The top rail k is then brought down, and
holds the threads firmly between it and the bottom rail 7. A few coils on the
upper part of the spindles are then "backed off," and the carriage commences
to return, the spindles still revolving and winding on" the yarn which has
been doubled, being guided upon the spindle so as to form a cop-by the faller

page_text: and counterfaller wires 7, 7. The top rail is then raised, and the threads
released, when the carriage c again commences going out, and the operation
proceeds as before.
Having now described the machinery in general use for doubling cotton
and other fibrous materials, together with its mode of operation, I will proceed
to show the application of my improvements thereto, which consist chiefly in
having an additional row of spindles s, s, mounted on corresponding spindle
rails t, t, opposite to the spaces between the spindles m (see plan view, Fig. 1),
for which of course an additional faller and counterfaller u, u, will be required.
I also employ a creel of a novel construction consisting of four rails v, v, v, v,
in which the cops are mounted. I make use of the old creel b, b, when the
cops are nearly wound off, as I find that the yarn then winds off best in a
horizontal direction, or nearly so. As the motion of both sets of fallers and
counterfallers is precisely the same, no additional gearing is required, except
a pair of small carrier pinions to connect them together. The additional
spindles s, s, can also be driven from the same drum o as the spindles m.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same may be performed, I wish it to be understood
that I claim as my Invention the employment, application, or use of an addi-
tional row of spindles in common "twining jennies," with their corresponding
faller and counterfaller, whether in connection with a self-acting headstock or
otherwise in the operation of doubling cotton, worsted, or other fibrous
materials, for the purpose of effecting double the amount of work (or there-
abouts) usually performed by such machines.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Cooper, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five