Improvements in Rotary Wood Planes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application. 13th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 13th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 8th Dec.. 1894.
Improvements in Rotary Wood Planes.
I, JAMES WHEELDON, of Albert Terrace, Brinnington, Stockport, in the
County of Chester, Wood Turner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
This invention relates to improvements in rotary wood planes operated either by
manual or motive power.
In forming wooden framework it is necessary that the respective parts should
be all uniform in width and thickness in order to enable the fitting together of the
same accurately and level with each other.
Thus it has been necessary heretofore to mark the width or thickness to which
it is intended to plane, such parts and to ensure straightness and uniformity, they
had to be tested and gauged which is a very great source of trouble and slow
process of producing such parts.
The object of my invention is to provide a rotary plane which overcomes the said
defects and at the same time produce more and perfect accurate work.
To this end I provide a rotary plane which may be readily fixed to the spindle
of a lathe, that of a circular saw or to any other convenient rotary part, operated
either by manual or motive power in connection with a suitable work support upon
which is rendered adjustable, relative to the face of the plane, a guide.
The said rotary plane consists essentially of a rotary disc having a double
bevelled face and slots therein through which protrude the cutting edges of two
or more plane irons, the latter being held in position in stocks formed at the back
of the disc. The bevels on the face of the disc are of different widths, the wide
bevel extending from the centre to near the periphery and the narrow one from
the former to the periphery of the disc. The cutting edges of the said plane
I
irons I may form to correspond with both of the said disc bevels or
form
may
the same in sets, one set corresponding with the narrow and the other with the
wide part of the said bevels, in such a manner that the inner side of the outer
plane irons will run in the path of the outer side of the inner plane irons and
vice versa. The plane iron in the narrow bevel serves to preliminary cut to size
the piece of wood to be shaped and that in the wide bevel to finally smooth it.
The angle of the wide disc bevel is strong enough to cause the piece of wood
operated upon. to pass clear of the path of the plane iron opposite to the cutting
side of the disc plane and the guide on the work support being set parallel to the
said wider disc bevel perfectly uniform in width or thickness is ensured in the
planeing of pieces of wood which are pushed between the face of the said plane
and the said guide in succession.
1004

page_text: Improvements in Rotary Wood Planes.
I, JAMES WHEELDON, of Albert Terrace, Brinnington, Stockport, in the
County of Chester, Wood Turner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in rotary wood planes operated either by
manual or motive power.
In forming wooden framework it is necessary that the respective parts should
be all uniform in width and thickness in order to enable the fitting together of the
same accurately and level with each other. Thus it has been necessary heretofore
to mark the width or thickness to which it is intended to plane such parts and to
ensure straightness and uniformity, they had to be tested and gauged which is a
very great source of trouble and slow process of producing such parts.
The object of my invention is to provide a rotary plane which overcomes the said
defects and at the same time produces more and perfect accurate work and which.
may be readily fixed to the spindle of a lathe, that of a circular saw or to any
other convenient rotary part, operated either by manuel or motive power in con-
nection with a suitable work support upon which a guide is rendered adjustable,
relatively to the face of the plane.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a side view partly in section, Fig. 2 a plan, Fig. 3 a front view, and
Fig. 4 a back view of my improved plane. Fig. 5 is a sectional side view, Fig. 6 a
front view, Fig. 7 a back view and Fig. 8 a side view of some modifications of the
same.
In carrying out my invention I have shown my improved plane as applied to the
spindle of the head stock of an ordinary lathe from which will be readily
understood how the same may be applied to the spindle of a circular saw or the
like.
Referring to the Figs. 1, 2, 3 & 4, the said rotary plane consists of a rotary
disc a having a double bevelled face a¹, a², and one or more slots 6 therein through
which protrude the cutting edges of one or more plane irons c held in position in
stocks formed at the back of the disc a. The bevels a', a³, on the face of the
disc a are of different widths, the wide bevel a¹ extending from the centre to near
the periphery of the disc a. The cutting edges of the plane irons c I may form
in outline to correspond with both the disc bevels a', a', as shown in Fig. 3, and on
the right of Fig. 4, or I may form the same as shown on the left in Fig. 4., the
iron corresponding with the narrow bevel a and the iron c with the wide
bevel a¹.
The plane iron c in the narrow bevel a² may have a straight or curved cutting
edge and serves to preliminary cut or rough to size the piece of wood to be shaped
and that in the wide bevel a¹ to finally smooth it. When the plane iron c¹ has a
curved cutting edge, say like a gauge, the inner side of the outer plane iron c'is
arranged to run in the path of the outer side of the inner plane iron c and
vice verad, as will be readily understood.
In lieu of employing the outer plane iron c¹ in line with the inner plane iron cit
may be employed separately, see Figs. 6 & 7, or one or more of the same in the
outer plane in addition to that in line with the inner plane iron c. The angle of
the wide disc bevel a' is acute enough to cause the piece of wood 6' operated upon,
see Fig. 2, to pass clear of the path of the plane iron opposite to the cutting side
of the diso plane. is the guide rendered adjustable on the work support f. and set

page_text: parallel to the wide disc bevel a¹ whereby perfect uniformity in width and thickness
is ensured in the planeing of pieces of wood which are pushed between the face of
the plane and the guide in succession.
The plane irons c, c¹ are secured in position in the stocks d by means of bolts
and nuts g the inner plane irons c being rendered adjustable by means of a nut h
which engages the same and is placed on a threaded spindle i mounted in the
stock d.
It will be understood that the number and size of the plane irons described and
the angle of the bevels a' & a³ or diameter of the disc a may be varied at will to
suit the size and kind of material 6' to be operated upon, for thick work I prefer
to reduce the angle of the inner bevel a¹ to a minimum, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7
& 8, and in order to reduce friction between the work and the face of the disc a I
secure to the back of the latter plates k which project slightly through the plane
iron slots b.
A packing is placed between the back of the disc a and the plate k and by
varying its thickness the plates k may be caused to project more or less as may be
required.
In lieu of joining the bevels a', a³, at an acute angle they may be joined by a
curve a³, as shown in Fig. 8.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim, is-
1st. A wood plane consisting of a disc a, suitably rotated, having a bevelled
face and one or more slots 6 in it through which are adapted to project one or more
plane irons c, c', the outer part of the plane iron c or its equivalent c' serving to
preliminary cut or rough out the work and the inner plane iron c to smooth the
same to the size required, substantially as set forth.
2nd. In combination with the rotary wood plane, specified in the preceding claim,
a guide e arranged adjustably on a table f, the said guide serving to terminate the
size to which the work b' is to be planed and the table f to support the same, all
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 12th day of October 1894.