AN IMPROVED MILL FOR GRINDING BONES, GRAIN, LOGWOOD, AND SUCH LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Inskeep, of Madeley, in the County of
Stafford, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MILL FOR GRINDING
BONES, GRAIN, LOGWOOD, AND SUCH LIKE SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 26th January 1864, and dated the 30th July 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Inskeep at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
30th July 1863.
I, GEORGE INSKEEP, of Madeley, in the County of Stafford, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MILL FOR
GRINDING BONES, GRAIN, LOGWOOD, AND SUCH LIKE SUBSTANCES," to bo as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to grind bones and other substances to a
greater degree of fineness than has hitherto been accomplished at a single
operation, and the construction of a machine simpler and more effective in its
operation than those generally used.
I construct a substantial framework, which is mounted on a strong base
frame, and provide suitable bearings for the axis of the grinding cylinder.
The same shaft carries the fly wheel and receives motion from steam or
other motive power acting on a pulley or drum fixed on the axis. The
cylinder is provided with a sufficient number of cutters, which may be serrated
or otherwise. These cutters are removable at pleasure, and are dovetailed into
the cylinder, and secured by set pins, and keyed in the usual munner. The

page_text: cutters are placed in a curved or oblique direction upon the cylinder in such
a manner that the tondency of the bone or other material whilst being
ground will always be towards the middle of the cylinder instead of being
forced to the end.
The substance to be ground is first placed in a hopper, which is fixed
immediately over the cylinder and forcing ram, so that upon the withdrawal
of the latter the material falls upon a bed plate which is underneath the
forcing ram, and which I will presently describe. The forcing ram, to which
allusion has just been made, is to press the material to be ground against the
revolving cylinder, and is fitted with guides and actuated by a weighted lever
working through a cross shaft and lever acting upon a slotted cross head,
which is suitably attached to the forcing ram before named, the ram being
brought back by a crank with a loose roller working by a series of wheels or
other means from the main shaft. The face of the rain is furnished with
suitable teeth, by means of which the material is firmly held whilst being
ground. These teeth may be removable at pleasure.
It has been mentioned that the weighted lever which is employed to press
the material by means of the forcing ram against the cylinder is of a curved
shape, the object being to prevent too great a pressure upon the cylinder
taking place upon the first return of the forcing ram, and to ensure an even
pressure throughout.
The bed plate, of which mention has been made, is movable, and is acted
upon by another weighted lever; a set screw is provided by which the plate
is regulated and prevented from being pressed too closely against the cylinder
by the lever. This bed plate is also provided with a cutter of a suitable shape
to correspond with the cutters on the cylinder, the object of this being for tho
material after passing through the cutters of the forcing ram to be again
ground by the cutters of the bed plate, and so reduce the material to as fine a
powder as may be required. The cutter on the bed plato is removable, so
that when the mill is employed to grind corn a cutter of the proper size may
be introduced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Inskeep in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th January 1864.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Inskeep in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th January 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE S
INSKEEP, of Madeley, in the County of Stafford, Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Inskeep, Her special licence that I, the said George Inskeep,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Inskeep, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MILL
FOR GRINDING BONES, GRAIN, LOGWOOD, AND SUCH LIKE SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Inskeep, my exccutors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Inskeep, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention is to grind bones and other substances to a
greater degree of fineness than has hitherto been accomplished at a singlo
operation, and the construction of a machine simpler and more effective in its
operation than those machines generally used.
I construct a substantial framework, which is mounted on a strong base
frame, and provide suitable bearings for the axis of the grinding cylinder.
The same shaft carries the fly wheel and receives motion from steam or other
motive power acting on a pulley or drum fixed on the axis. The cylinder is
provided with a sufficient number of cutters, which may be serrated or other-
wise. These cutters are removable at pleasure, and are dovetailed into the
cylinder, and secured by set pins, and keyed in the usual manner. The
cutters are placed in a curved or oblique direction upon the cylinder in such
a manner that the tendency of the bone or other material whilst being ground
will always be towards the middle of the cylinder instead of being forced to
the end of the same.

page_text: The substance to be ground is first placed in a hopper, which is fixed imme-
diately over the cylinder and forcing ram, so that upon the withdrawal of the
latter the material falls upon a bed plate which is underneath the forcing
ram, and which I will presently describe. The forcing ram, to which allusion
has just been made, is to press the material to be ground against the revolving
cylinder, and is fitted with guides and actuated by a weighted lever working
through a cross shaft and lever acting upon a slotted cross head, which is
suitably attached to the forcing ram before named, the ram being brought
back, so as to admit the necessary charge, by a crank with a loose roller
working by a series of wheels or other means from the main shaft. The face
of the ram is furnished with suitable teeth, by means of which the material is
firmly held whilst being ground. These teeth may also be removable at
pleasure.
It has been mentioned that the weighted lever which is employed to press
the material by means of the forcing ram against the cylinder is of a curved
shape, the object being to prevent too great a pressure upon the cylinder
taking place upon the first return of the forcing ram, and to ensure an even
pressure throughout.
The bed plate, of which mention has been made, is moveable, and is acted
upon by another weighted lever; a set screw is provided by which the plate is
regulated and prevented from being pressed too closely against the cylinder
by the lever. This bed plate is also provided with a cutter of a suitable shape
to correspond with the cutters on the cylinder, the object of this being for
the material after being ground by the cutters of the cylinder, whilst pressed
against them by the forcing ram, to be again ground by the cutters on the
cylinder and that with which the bed plate is provided, and so to reduce the
material to as fine a powder as may be required. The cutter on the bed plate
is removable, so that when the mill is employed to grind corn a cutter of the
proper sizc may be introduced.
That my Invention may be better understood, I will now proceed to describe
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and which Drawings (Figures 4 and 5
excepted) are to a scale of one inch to the foot.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine; Figure 2, a longitudinal
section; Figure 3, a plan, partly in section, with the upper hopper removed;
Figures 4 and 5 are a section and plan shewing full size the steel cutter in
the bed plate and one of the cutters in the grinding cylinder.
A is a cast-iron frame, upon which are secured the three carriages B

page_text: carrying the main shaft C. This shaft is driven by the pulleys D, and has keyed
upon it a fly wheel E and the grinding cylinder F, in which is secured in the
usual manner the steel cutters I serrated, as shewn in Figures 4 and 5, or
otherwise. These are placed in an oblique or curved direction upon the
cylinder F, as shewn in Figure 8, so that the tendency of the bone whilst
being ground will always be towards the middle of the cylinder, as previously
described. The forcing ram G is carried upon the bed plate 2, and is guided
by the sides of the lower hopper H, upon which is fixed the hopper K. The
interior face of the ram is curved to suit the grinding cylinder F, and is furnished
with cutters L, removable or otherwise. The ram G is actuated by a rod 3,
which has a slotted cross head 4 formed upon it, and is carried in a guide 5
secured to the frame A. The cross head 4 is embraced by a double lever 6
provided with a friction roller and pin 7, and keyed upon a rocking shaft 8,
which is carried in the bearings 9. The shaft 8 is provided with two levers
10 and 11, which have adjustable weights 12 upon them for the purpose of
pressing forward the forcing ram G. One of the levers 11 is curved, as
shewn in Figure 1, and is raised by the crank pin and friction roller 13
secured in the wheel M. The wheel M is driven by the pinion N upon the
shaft of the wheel O, which is again driven by the pinion P upon the main
shaft C. The raising of the lever 11 withdraws the forcing ram from the
cylinder F, so as to admit a fresh supply of material to be ground from the
hopper K. The curve of the lever 11 is for the purpose of preventing too
great a pressure upon the cylinder taking place upon the first return of the
forcing ram, and to ensure an even pressure throughout, as previously
described. The bed plate 2 is supported by means of pins 14 fixed in the
frame A, and is pressed towards the grinding cylinder F' by two levers and
weights, one of which 15 is shewn in Figure 2. The plate 2 is adjusted and
prevented from approaching too near to the cylinder F by a set screw and lock
nuts 16. The plate is provided with a moveable steel cutter 17, shewn full
size in Figures 4 and 5, and serrated or otherwise to suit the cutters in the
grinding cylinder.
The parts which are new are distinguished by numerals 1, 2, &c., the
other and ordinary parts being marked alphabetically.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect,
I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly, those parts of the machine which are distinguished by numeral
Figures, with the exception of the cylinder cutters 1, which are not in them-

page_text: selves new, and therefore all I would claim in respect to them is the mode
or manner of arranging or placing them upon the cylinder, as berein-before
described.
Secondly, without limiting myself to the exact details herein expressed, as
the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention,
I claim the combination of the old parts (which are marked alphabetically)
with those parts which are new, in constructing "An Improved Mill for
Grinding Bones, Grain, Logwood, and such like Substances," substantially as
herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Inskeep, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
G. R. HOLLAND,
Patent Office,
Birmingham.
GEORGE INSKEEP. (L.s.)