Improvements in connection with Velocipedes.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SIRUITIVATIJA,
Improvements in connection with Velocipedes.
I, JOSIAH JACKSON, of 60, Grove Terrace, Nicholls Street, Hill Fields, Coven-
try, in the County of Warwick, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in connection with velocipedes
by which I dispense with the usual driving chain and sprocket wheels thereby
reducing the friction and am enabled to vary the angle of the driving cranks
and adjust the crank axle cones in a simple and effective manner and also to
simultaneously apply the brake to the back and front wheels and to expedi-
tiously reverse the seat pillar.
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to
In carrying my invention into practice I mount a gear wheel on one side of
the hub of the back wheel of a cycle which gears
with another
mounted in
gear wheel
bracket attached
a
bearing carried by
the frame of the machine. The hub of the driven wheel may be provided with
a free wheel arrangement. Pivoted eccentrically to this gear wheel is one end
of a connection lever or crank the other end of which is pivoted to an arm or
projection formed on or connected to one of the driving cranks. Each of the
driving cranks are fixed on independant axles mounted in separate bearings in
the bottom bracket and fixed on each of these axles in the interior of the bracket
is a gear wheel gearing with each other so that the cranks move in opposite direc-
tions. By fixing the driving cranks upon separate axles they may be mounted to
rise or fall to any angle desired. The cups which form part of the bear-
ings of the crank axles screw into the bottom bracket body and in order to
adjust them I form lugs on the bottom bracket which are drilled and tapped to
receive adjusting screws. A wedge shaped piece fits loosely into these holes so
that when the adjusting screw is inserted it forces these wedge pieces against the
cups thereby locking them in position. The brake mechanism which is operated
preferably by a lever pivoted to the handle bar consists of a lug or its equivalent.
pivoted to the lower end of the plunger rod and to a stud or its equivalent fixed
to the fork crown. Also pivoted to this lug are two arms to which sliding pieces
are pivoted working upon the front forks and which carry or support the
brake blocks. Or the brake blocks may be pivoted to clips embracing the front
forks. These brake blocks when operated press against the underside of the rim
of wheel. Connected by suitable swivel pieces to the plunger rod lug are two
connecting wires or their equivalents the other ends of which are pivoted to a
cranked bar centrally pivoted to another crank bar pivotally fixed to the under-
side of the bottom bracket and connected by suitable swivelling pieces to this
second cranked bar are two short connecting wires or their equivalents the other
ends of which are pivoted to clips or sliding pieces mounted upon the back forks
and carrying or supporting brake blocks which when the plunger rod is operated
press against the underside of the rim of the rear wheel at the same time as the
brake blocks press against the underside of the rim of the front wheel. Both
the front and back brake blocks are so formed that an even pressure is

page_text: exerted on both sides of the rims. The portion of the seat pillar to which the
saddle is clipped is made detachable from the portion which fits into the seat
pillar tube of the frame, by partially splitting the end which fits into the socket
piece of the other portion and in the split end I fix a hollow conical tapped
bush into which a conical screwed pin fits so that when the said pin is tightened
up it expands the split end in its socket thereby firmly securing it in position.
It will thus be seen that this portion of the seat pillar may be reversed so as to
bring the saddle nearer to or further from the head of the machine.
Dated this 4th day of August 1899.
JOSIAH JACKSON,
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents.
Agent for Applicant,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
Improvements in connection with Velocipedes.
I, JOSIAH JACKSON, 60, Grove Terrace, Nicholls Street, Hill Fields, Coven-
try, in the County of Warwick, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its. object improvements in connection with velocipedes
by which I dispense with the usual driving chain and sprocket wheels thereby
reducing the friction and am enabled to vary the angle of the driving cranks
and adjust the crank axle cones in a simple and effective manner and also to
simultaneously apply the brake to the back and front wheels and to expedi-
tiously reverse the seat pillar.
In carrying my invention into practice I mount a gear wheel on one side of
the hub of the back wheel of a cycle which gears with another gear wheel
mounted in a bearing carried by a bracket attached to the frame of the machine.
The hub of the driving wheel may be provided with a free wheel arrangement.
Pivoted eccentrically to this gear wheel is one end of a connection lever or crank
the other end of which is pivoted to an arm or projection formed on or con-
nected to one of the driving cranks. Each of the driving cranks are fixed on
independent axles mounted in separate bearings in the bottom bracket and fixed
on each of these axles in the interior of the bracket is a gear wheel gearing with
each other so that the cranks move in opposite directions. By fixing the driving
cranks upon separate axles they may be mounted to rise or fall to any angle
desired. The cups which form part of the bearings of the crank axles screw into
to bottom bracket body and in order to lock them in position after being
adjusted I form lugs on the bottom bracket which are drilled tapped to receive
tightening or adjusting screws. A wedge shaped piece fits loosely into these
holes so that when the adjusting screw is inserted it forces these wedge pieces
against the cups thereby locking them in position. The brake mechanism which
is operated preferably by a lever pivoted to the handle bar consists of a lug or
its equivalent connected to the lower end of the plunger. Also pivoted to this
lug are two arms which are pivoted to a bracket fixed to the fork crown and which
carry or support the brake blocks. These brake blocks when operated press
against the underside of the rim of the wheel. Connected by suitable swivel
pieces to the lug on the fork crown is a connecting wire or equivalent the other

page_text: end of which is connected to a cranked forked bar or lever pivotally
fixed to the back forks on the underside of the bottom bracket and
this cranked forked bar or lever carries or supports brake blocks
at its other ends, which when the plunger rod is operated press
against the underside of the rim of the rear wheel at the same time as the
brake blocks press against the underside of the rim of the front wheel. Both
the front and back brake blocks are so formed that an even pressure is exerted
on both sides of the rims. The portion of the seat pillar to which the saddle
is clipped is made detachable from the portion which fits into the seat pillar
tube of the frame, by partially splitting the end which fits into the socket piece
of the other portion and in this split end I fix a hollow conical tapped bush into
which a conical screwed pin fits so that when the said pin is tightened up it
expands the split end in its socket thereby firmly securing it in position. It will
thus be seen that this portion of the seat pillar may be reversed so as to bring
the saddle nearer to or further from the head of the machine.
In order that my invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practical effect I have appended hereunto three double sized sheets of draw-
ings upon which I have illustrated my improvements.
Figure 1 is a side elevation shewing a portion of a "ladies safety" frame
with my improvements applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a part sectional plan view of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an enlarged part sectional side view of the "bottom bracket"
shewing my method of locking the cups.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of a safety frame shewing my brake mechanism
fitted thereto.
Figure 5 is an enlarged plan view shewing the arrangement for operating the
rear brake.
Figure 6 is an enlarged front elevation of the front brake.
Figure 7 is a part sectional enlarged view shewing my method of fixing or
securing the seat pillar.
66
In carrying my invention into practice I mount a gear wheel A either on one
or both sides of the hub C of the rear wheel which hub may be provided with a
free wheel" arrangement if desired. The gear wheel A gears with the gear
wheel B mounted in suitable bearing carried by the bracket attached to the
back fork F. Pivoted eccentrically at 2, to the gear wheel B is the connection
lever or crank D the other end of which is pivoted to the arm or projection
formed on or attached to the driving crank E as clearly shewn at Figure 1.
This driving crank E is keved on or attached to the axle F mounted at one
end in adjustable ball bearings the other end being tapered or formed with
a point and takes its bearing in a hole formed in the end of a bracket body H.
The opposite driving crank E' is fixed on the axle F' also mounted at one end in
adjustable ball bearings in an hole formed in the opposite end of the bracket
body H as clearly shewn at Figure 2. Fixed on these axles F and F in the
interior of the bracket H are the gear wheels f f which gear with each other
thus causing the driving cranks to move in opposite directions and by fixing the
driving cranks in separate axles I am enabled to mount them so as to rise or fall
to any angle desired. The cups h¹² which form part of the adjustable
bearings in which the axles F F are mounted screw into the ends of the
bracket H and in order to lock these cups in position I form lugs h³ on
the bracket which lugs are drilled and tapped to receive the tightening or locking
screws. Fitting loosely into these holes are the wedge shaped pieces
which as the screws * are tightened up are forced against the cups h¹ as clearly
shewn at Figure 3 and as the portion of these wedge pieces which bears against
these cups have a screw thread formed thereon to correspond with the screw
thread on the cups they bind against and lock the cups in position without
damaging the screw threads thus enabling the "bottom bracket" bearing to
be easily and accurately adjusted.

page_text: "
My brake mechanism which is preferably operated by a pivoted lever to the
handle bar in the usual manner consists of the lugs or its equivalent fixed or
pivoted to the lower end of the plunger rod K and pivoted at to this lug are
the cranked arms J to the lower ends of which are attached the brake blocks
These arms are also pivoted at it to the bracket j adjustably fixed to the fork
crown K and pivoted at 6 to these arms is the catch which embraces the U
shaped piece of wire or its equivalent passing through the "fork crown." This
piece of wire is pivotedly connected to another U shaped piece of wire or
its equivalent to which the connecting rod or wire is pivotedly attached
The other end of this connecting rod 10 is connected to the end
of the cranked fork lever L pivoted at to the bracket N adjustably fixed between
the back forks P. The other ends of the forked lever L carry the brake blocks /
which are held out of contact of the rim of the rear wheel W or in their
normal positions by the spring S as clearly shewn at Figure 5. It will thus
be seen that when the usual brake lever is operated and the plunger rod K
depressed the arms J will move on the pivots and press the brake blocks ³
against the rim of the front wheel W₁ and as the arms J move the catch
pulls the shaped wires 18 and consequently pulling the connecting rod 10
and moving the forked lever L on its pivot thereby pressing the brake blocks /
against the rim of the rear wheel W thus simultaneously applying the brakes
to both wheels.
At Figure 7 I have shewn my method of fixing the cross piece or portion R of
the seat pillar to the other portion or part T which fits into the seat pillar tube
T. The end of the cross piece R which fits into the lug or socket 12 of the
portion T is split or has one two or more saw cuts pl and in this
split end I fix, in any suitable manner, the hollow bush V which is formed
conical in the interior at one end and tapped at the other and is also split at the
conical end. I then fit into this bush the pin V₁ which is formed with a conical
shoulder and tapped at the end. It will thus be seen that when this pin is
screwed into the bush V that it will expand the bush consequently expanding
the split end of the tube R thereby firmly and rigidly securing it in the socket 12.
By these means it will be seen that the portion R of the seat pillar may be
reversed so as to bring the saddle nearer to or further from the head of the
machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;-
CLAIMS.
First The improvements in connection with velocipedes consisting essen-
tially in mounting the driving cranks on independent axles carrying gear wheel
gearing together the said cranks being connected by a connecting rod or rods
attached eccentrically to a gear wheel gearing with another gear wheel mounted
in the hub of the wheel in the manner substantially as herein set forth and as
shewn upon the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Second: In velocipedes a gear wheel such as A fixed on the hub C gearing
with a gear wheel B mounted in a bracket such as b¹, a connecting rod such as I)
pivoted eccentrically at one end to the gear wheel B and at the other end to the
arme of the driving E fixed on the axle F on which the gear wheel f² is fixed
gearing with the gear wheel f³ fixed on the axle F¹ on the end of which the
driving crank E' is fixed, the said axles being mounted in bearings in the bracket
such as H in the manner substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the
accompanying sheets of drawings by Figures 1 and 2.
Third: In velocipedes locking the bracket cups such as ' by loose wedge
pieces such as 75 fitting in lugs operated by screwed pins in the manner and
for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn by Figures and 3.
Fourth In velocipedes applying the brake to the front and to the rear

page_text: wheels in the manner substantially as herein set forth and as shewn by
Figures 4, 5 and 6.
Fifth In velocipedes fixing or attaching the part such as R of a seat pillar
to the part such as T by splitting the end of the tube R and inserting therein
a split bush formed conical in the interior at one end and tapped at the other
into which a conical pin screws in the manner and for the purpose substantially
as herein set forth and as shewn by Figure 7.
LT
AL
1000
JOSIAH JACKSON.
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents.
Agent for Applicant,
74, Colmore Row, Birmingham.