Certain Improvements in Continuous Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles, Sanitary Ware, and other Clay Goods, and for Salt Glazing.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1898
Certain Improvements in Continuous Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles,
Sanitary Ware, and other Clay Goods, and for Salt Glazing.
I, PETER WOOD, of 19, Beeches Road, West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford,
Brick and Tile Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of the hereindescribed improvements in the construc-
tion of continuous kilns for burning brick tiles sanitary ware and other clay goods
and for salt glazing.
In carrying out this Invention I provide a continuous connecting hot gas flue
passing (preferably centrally) under or through each kiln of a series or battery of
kilns and serving as a main hot gas artery engaged uninterruptedly conveying
heat from the gas producers to, or receiving heat from, any kiln of the series as
the circumstances or condition of each of the kilns requires in the discretion of
the operator. Converging from the said main gas flue or artery are other smaller
flues controlled by dampers (preferably arranged outside the kilns) which convey
heat into or out of each kiln as their individual state or condition may require.
These smaller flues are connected by apertures with the open flue which is common
in the bottom of all down draught kilns and which receives the heat and distributes
it uniformly through the goods in the kiln to the updraught flues situated near
the hip of the arch of the kiln on each side thereof and which updraught flues are
connected with chimney stacks usually two for each kiln controlled by dampers.
From the said main gas flue or artery there are also other smaller flues convey-
ing hot gas or air over each of the usual furnaces of the kiln arranged in convenient
positions to meet the smoke and partly consumed gases rising therefrom and thus
facilitate combustion by consuming the smoke.
By opening or closing the dampers of the smaller flues from and to the main
gas flue or artery I am enabled to fire any one or more of the kilns in the series
or battery and to regulate the heat as I may require.
It will be seen that my Invention can be very readily applied to existing kilns
by_constructing and arranging the flues and dampers as stated above.
From the said main gas flue or artery there is or may be a flue controlled by a
lamper for conveying heat as may be required to the drying sheds for raising
the temperature of the same.
Dated this 1st day of December 1896.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Certain Improvements in Continuous Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles,
Sanitary Ware, and other Clay Goods, and for Salt Glazing.
I, PETER WOOD, of 19, Beeches Road, West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford,
Brick and Tile Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention consists of the hereindescribed improvements in the construc-
tion of continuous kilns for burning bricks sanitary ware and other clay goods and
for salt glazing.
I will describe my Invention by referring to the accompanying drawings on
which
Figs. 1 and 2 are cross sectional elevations of a brick or like kiln constructed
in accordance with this Invention;
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of the same on line W W of Figs. 1 and 2, and
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of a series or battery of five of my improved kilns
numbered respectively 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of which kilns numbered 1 and 2 are shewn
in section on line ZZ of Figs. 1 and 2, kiln number 3 is shewn in section on
line VV of Figs. 1 and 2 and kilus numbered 4 and 5 are shewn in section on
line W W of Figs. 1 and 2.
The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all
the Figures of the drawings.
In carrying out this Invention I provide a continuous connecting hot gas flue A
passing (preferable centrally) under or through each kiln of the series or battery
of kilns numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and serving as a main hot gas artery engaged
uninterruptedly receiving heat from one or more of the kilns of the series and
conveying the heat thus received to some other one or more of the kilns of the series
as the circumstances or condition of each of the kilns requires in the
discretion of the operator. Converging from the main gas flue or artery A are
other smaller flues four for each kiln marked respectively B1 B2 B3 B4 controlled
by dampers marked C1 C2 C3 C4 preferably arranged outside the kilns as shewn.
The flues B B2 B3 B4 convey heat into or out of each of the kilns as their indi-
vidual state or condition may require. These smaller flues B1 B2 B3 B4 are
connected by apertures d with the open flue D which runs along the centre and
is common in the bottom of all down draught kilns and which is connected to the
chimneys G1 G2 and controlled by dampers g g2. The open flue D thus receives
the heat through the flues B1 B2 B3 B4 from the main gas flue A. when working
with an updraught and distributes it uniformly through the goods in the kiln to
the usual updraught flues E E situated near the hip of the arch F of the kiln on
each side thereof and which updraught flues are as usual connected respectively
with the two chimney stacks G G of each kiln controlled by dampers. When
the kiln is working with a down draught the heat passes from the kiln through
the open flue D and smaller flues B1 B2 B3 B to the main gas flue or artery A
and on to one or more of the other kilns where the heat is required.
Rising from the main gas flue or artery A there are for each kiln two other
smaller flues H H³ controlled by dampers I 12 and connected respectively with
the two horizontal side flues J J arranged in the side walls of the kiln over the
usual furnaces K and these convey hot gas or air from the main flue A through the
side openings j over each of the usual furnaces K of the kiln so that the hot gas
or air meets the smoke and partly consumed gases rising from the furnaces K and
thus facilitates combustion by consuming the smoke.

page_text: By opening or closing the dampers C¹ C3 C3 C4 and I 12 of the smaller
flues B B B B and H H from and to the main gas flue or artery A, I am
enabled to fire any one or more of the kilns 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the series or battery
and to regulate and conduct the heat from one or more of the kilns to any one or
more of them. For instance if say the two kilns Nos. 4 and 5 are to receive heat
from the kiln No. 1 whilst the other two kilns Nos. 2 and 3 are not being fired,
then the dampers C C C C and I' I of the kilns Nos. 2 and 3 will have to
be closed as will also the dampers g g of the kiln No. 1 of which latter the
dampers C C C C will have to be opened so that the heat from the kiln No. 1
will pass down through the open flue D and the openings and small
flues B B2 B3 B4 into the main hot gas flue or artery A and then will pass along
the same to the kilns Nos. 4 and 5 the dampers C C C C and I' I of which
will have to be opened so that the heat will then enter these two kilns through
the small flues B B B B open flue D and flues H H. Thus it will be seen
that in the same manner the waste heat from any kiln or kilns of the series can by
my Invention be conducted and utilised in any other kiln or kilns of the series.
It will also be seen that my Invention can be very readily applied to existing
kilns by constructing and arranging the flues and dampers as stated above.
My drawings shewn my Invention applied to a series of five rectangular kilns
but it will be evident that my Invention can be similarly applied to a series of two
or any number of kilns which may be of other shapes than rectangular.
From the said main gas flue or artery A there may be a flue controlled by a
damper for conveying heat as may be required to the drying sheds for raising the
temperature of the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
In a series or battery of two or more kilns for burning bricks tiles sanitary ware
and other clay goods and for salt glazing, constructing the said kilns with a main
hot gas flue A and the auxiliary flues leading therefrom which connect the said
main flue with the interior of the kilns said flues being controlled by dampers
and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accom-
panying drawings so as to convey the heat at will from any one or more of the kilns
of the series to any other one or more of the said kilns as set forth.
Dated this 1st day of October 1897.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.