Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 4th May, 1889
I, EDWARD BUTLER, of Sandleford, Newbury, Berkshire, Engineer, do horeby
declare the nature of this invention to he as follows:-
This Invention relates to hydrocarbon motors of the class in which ignition,
explosion, and expansion of a combustible mixture of hydrocarbon and air take place
behind the piston during each alternate stroke, that is to say, for effecting each out-
stroke of the piston, the explosion thus taking place always at the same side of the
piston; and in which the charge of hydrocarbon and air is drawn into the cylinder
in front of the piston during the return or instroke of the piston which at the same
time expels from behind it the previously exploded charge as described in the
specification of my former application for Letters Patent dated the 15th day of
November 1887 No. 15598.
According to my present invention the movement of the piston is transmitted
through the piston rod and a sliding block to one arm of a lover whose fulcrum is
carried by a link able to turn on a pin or pivot. The other arm of the said lever
is connected by a rod to the crank of the motor shaft.
With this arrangement not only is the motor rendered compact but its piston is
enabled to move during the working or outstroke with much greater velocity than
during its instroke, thus allowing less time for absorption of heat from the expanding
charge by the walls of the cylinder.
To prevent overheating of the cylinder a tank or water jacket is provided in
which the loss of water by evaporation is compensated in an automatic manner, by the
use of a valve provided with a float.
On the instroke of the piston, air is drawn through a jacket surrounding the
exhaust chamber; the air is so heated and is then passed through a suitable carburetting
device, which may be an inspirator such as described in my above mentioned former
specification, & in which Hydrocarbon is supplied to the carburetting device through a
capillary tube dipping into a reservoir wherein the hydrocarbon may be maintained
at a constant level in an automatic manner by the use of a valve with a float, or an
improved carburetting device having the following arrangement may be employed.

page_text: Inserted in or forming part of the passage through which the heated air is drawn
into the cylinder, is a casing in which is pivotted at its upper part a flap at right
angles to the direction of the air current. The shaft or pivot of this flap is prolonged
outside the casing, and its projecting portion is connected by a crank and connecting
-rod with a plunger of a pump which is provided with suction and discharge valves
and is arranged to pump the hydrocarbon from the reservoir and force the same through
a flat nozzle opening into the flap casing on the side nearest the motor cylinder.
The opening of the nozzle is directed towards the flap. The flap fills the whole
width of the casing and its lower edge is in close contact with the correspondingly
curved internal surface of the casing except at its lowest point where a recess is
provided for allowing the air to pass beneath the flap. The variations in the volume
or speed of the current of air produced by the variations in the speed of the motor
piston during its instroke will cause the flap to oscillate to a greater or less extent
and thereby operate the pump (through the connecting mechanism) plunger, and
thus inject a greater or less quantity of hydrocarbon through the nozzle in the form
of a thin flat jet or spray into the current of air, and thus carburet the latter to a
greater or less extent before passing into the motor cylinder.
A definite quantity of hydro-carbon is thus sprayed or injected into the vaporising
chamber at overy stroke of the piston at every suction or instroke of the motor
piston, this quantity being increased or diminished according to the quantity of air
drawn into the cylinder by the motor piston.
The stroke of the pump plunger and consequently the amount of hydro-carbon
injected may be regulated by means of a spring which is caused to press against a
shoulder formed on the crank connecting rod, or other suitable moving part, the
tension of the spring being regulated by means of a hand-lover passing over a
graduated scale.
Instead of the above arrangements, there may be employed a carburetting device
such as described in the specification of another application for Letters Patent by
me bearing even date herewith.
The carburetted air is drawn into the cylinder in front of the piston through an
inlet valve suitably operated by means of an eccentric on the motor shaft whilst the
spent products from the previous charge are expelled from behind the piston through
a balanced rotary valve operated by suitable means such as a chain from the motor
shaft. The piston having completed its instroke a compressed charge is admitted
through the rotary valve behind the piston and exploded as will be hereinafter described;
the piston is impelled outwards, at the same time compressing the charge of car-
buretted air just previously drawn into the cylinder in front of the piston. The
compressed charge is forced through a suitable non-return valve into an intermediate
or pressure chamber.
From this pressure chamber the compressed curburetted air is admitted through a
suitable hand-starting valve to the rotary valve which is operated so as to admit the
charge into the cylinder behind the piston after completion of the instroke of the
latter.
When the piston has performed part of its outstroke communication is cut off
from the pressure chamber by the rotary valve, and immediately afterwards the
piston uncovers a port in the side of the cylinder communicating with a tube kept hot
by suitable means such as a lamp. The charge is thereby ignited and exploded, and
by its expansion impels the piston whose rectilinear motion is converted into a rotary
motion of the fly wheel shaft through the arrangement of lever, link, and rod herein-
before described. .
During its instroke the piston expels the products of combustion from behind it
through the rotary valve into the exhaust chamber through the jacket of which the air is
drawn on its way to the carburetter as before mentioned. From this exhaust chamber
the pressure chamber may be heated.
It will be understood that during expulsion of spent products from the cylinder a
fresh charge of carburetted air is being drawn into it in front of the piston to be
forced into the pressure chamber during the next outstroke.

page_text: The speed of the motor is regulated by altering the point of cut off of the inlet
valve. This is effected in an automatic manner by means of a centrifugal governing
apparatus comprising two radial arms pivotted so as by their movement to alter the
throw of the eccentric connected to the inlet valve, thereby causing the latter to close
sooner or later and thus to cut off the supply of carburetted air at an earlier or later
part of the stroke.
Al 1
T 11000

page_text: J EDWARD BUTLER of Sandleford, Newbury, Berkshire, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors of the class in which ignition,
explosion, and expansion of a combustible mixture of hydrocarbon and air take place
behind the piston during each alternate stroke that is to say, for effecting each out-
stroke of the piston, the explosions thus taking place always at the same side of the
piston, and in which the charge of hydrocarbon and air is drawn into the cylinder
in front of the piston during the return or instroke of the piston which at the same
time expels from behind it the previously exploded charge as described in the specifi-
cation of my former application for Letters Patent dated the 15th day of November 1887
No. 15598.
According to my present invention the movement of the piston is transmitted
through the piston rod and a crosshead to one arm of a lever whose fulcrum is
carried by a link able to turn on a pin or pivot.
The other arm of the said lever is connected by a rod to the crank of the motor
shaft. With this arrangement not only is the motor rendered compact but its piston
is enabled to move during the earlier portion of its working or outstroke with much
greater velocity than during the remaining portion, thus allowing less time for
absorption of heat from the expanding charge by the walls of the cylinder. To
prevent overheating of the cylinder a tank or water jacket is provided in which the
loss of water by evaporation is compensated in an automatic manner by the use of a
valve provided with a float.
On the instroke of the piston (which is effected by the momentum of the fly wheel
and other moving parts) air is drawn through a jacket surrounding the exhaust
chamber; the air so heated is then passed through a suitable carburetting device,
which may be an inspirator such as described in my above mentioned former specifi-
cation or the improved carburetting device hereinafter described and shewn in the
drawings annexed may be employed. Or instead of the above arrangements, there
may be employed a carburetting device such as described in the specification of another
application for Letters Patent filed by me bearing even date herewith.
Hydrocarbon may be supplied to the carburetting device through a capillary tube
dipping into a reservoir wherein the hydrocarbon is maintained at a constant level in
an automatic manner by the use of a valve with a float. The carburetted air is drawn
into the cylinder in front of the piston through an inlet valve suitably controlled by
means of an eccentric on the motor shaft whilst the spent products from the previous
charge are expelled from behind the piston through a balanced rotary valvo operated
by suitable means such as a chain from the motor shaft. The piston having completed
its instroke, a compressed charge is admitted through the rotary valve behind the
piston and exploded as will be hereinafter described; the piston is impelled outwards,

page_text: at the same time compressing the charge of carburetted air just previously drawn into
the cylinder in front of the piston. The compressed charge is forced through a
suitable valve into an intermediate or pressure chamber. From this pressure chamber
the compressed carburetted air is admitted past a suitable hand starting valve to the
rotary valve which is operated so as to admit the charge into the cylinder behind the
piston after the completion of the instroke of the latter. When the piston has
performed part of its outstroke, cominunication is cut off from the pressure chamber
by the rotary valve, and immediately afterwards the piston uncovers a port in the side
of the cylinder communicating with a tube kept hot by suitable means such as a lamp.
The charge is thereby ignited and exploded, and by its expansion impels the piston
whose rectilinear motion is converted into a rotary motion of the fly wheel shaft
through the arrangement of lever, link, and rod hereinbefore described. During its
instroke the piston oxpels the products of combustion from behind it through the
rotary valve into the exhaust chamber through the jacket of which the air is drawn on
its way to the carburettor as before mentioned. From this exhaust chamber the
pressure chamber may be heated. It will be understood that during expulsion of
spont products from the cylinder a fresh charge of carburetted air is being drawn
into it in front of the piston to be forced into the pressure chamber during the next
outstroke. The speed of the motor is regulated by altering the point of cut off of the
inlet valve. This is effected in an automatic manner by means of a centrifugal
governing apparatus comprising two radial arms pivotted so as by their movement to
alter the lead of the eccentric for controlling the movement of the inlet valve, thereby
causing the latter to close sooner or later and thus to cut off the supply of carburetted
air at an earlier or later part of the stroke.
In the accompanying ten sheets of illustrative drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the axis of the motor cylinder of a
hydrocarbon motor constructed according to this invention, the several parts being
shewn in the positions they occupy when the motor piston has arrived at the end of
its forward or outstroke and is on the point of commencing its return or instroke.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation shewing the crank and connecting rods in the positions
they occupy when the motor piston is in or about the position it occupios when the
charge is ignited. In order to shew the improved centrifugal device for regulating
the motion of the inlet valve the driving pulley is shown cut away on the line A B
fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section, some of the parts being shewn in elevation.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of the rear end of the motor.
Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal vertical section of a rotary valve and attached parts;
the valve is shewn in the position it occupies when the piston is in the middle of its
instroke.
Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section on the line CD Fig. 5. The dotted lines shew the
position of the valve when the piston is making its outstroke and is in the position
shewn in dotted lines, in which it is uncovering the ignition port in the wall of the
motor cylinder.
Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line E F Fig. 5.
Figs. 8 and 9 are vertical sections at right angles to each other of an improved form
of carburetting device.
Fig. 10 is a sectional plan of the vaporizing nozzle.
Fig. 11 illustrates a modified arrangement of apparatus for automatically controlling
the inlet valve for admitting carburetted air to the motor cylinder.
Figs. 12 and 13 are respectively a plan and a side view both partly in section of part
of the apparatus shewn in fig. 11.
Figs. 5 to 10 inclusive are drawn to a larger scale than the remaining figures.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive 1 is the motor cylinder, the motor piston the
rod 3 of which is connected to a crosshead 5 arranged to work in guides 6. To the
crosshead pin 4 are pivotted the lower ends of a pair of levers 7, the upper ends of
which are journalled to one end of a connecting rod 8, the other end of which is
connected in the usual manner to the crank 9 of the crankshaft 10, which is supported

page_text: in bearings 11 carried by the motor framing 12. 13 is the fulcrum pin of the levers 7;
ti is carried by a radius link 14 pivotted at 15 to the engine framing. By this con-
struction the piston is enabled, with a constant speed of rotation of the crankshaft, to
move with a higher speed during the greater portion of its working or outstroke than
during its return or instroke for the purpose hereinbefore mentioned. That this is so
will be readily seen from the diagrammatic view fig. 1" in which a..... a³, represent
the position of the cross head pin and lower end of the levers 7 at every succeeding
one eighth part of the stroke of the piston; b... 68 the corresponding positions of
the fulcrum of the levers; c, c¹. the corresponding positions of the upper ends
of the lovers; and d.... the corresponding positions of the crank pin. Supposing
the crank to be moving in the direction of the arrow it will be seen that the cross head
moves from a to a or through three fourths of its stroke whilst the crank pin moves
from d to do or through a quarter of a revolution the next quarter of a revolution of
the crank being effected during the remaining quarter stroke of the piston.
On the return stroke the velocity of the piston does not vary greatly from that of
the crank pin and is practically constant throughout as shewn by the several positions
of the crank pin above the line connecting the dead points d―d³. As will be obvions
in lieu of using two levers and one link, I may use one lever and two links. 16" is a water
jacket partly surrounding the motor cylinder and in free communication with a water
reservoir 17 provided with a float 18 for operating a valve 19 and compensating, in an
automatic manner, for loss of water by evaporation. 20 is a water supply pipe and 21
a removable cover to the water reservoir. The steam formed is led away by a pipe 20".
Where there are two or more motor cylinders the reservoir or tank may be arranged
common to both of them. The rear end or cover 22 of the motor cylinder is constructed
to form a valve casing for a balanced rotary distributing valve 23 (Figs. 1. 5. 6 and 7).
This valve has duplicate and oppositely arranged admission ports 24, and duplicate and
oppositely arranged exhaust ports 25, whereby the valve is effectually balanced both
in the direction of its diameter, and in an endwise direction as in the balanced
distributing valves described in my said former specification No. 15598 of 1887.
the valve may be provided with four or other multiple of the two admission and
exhaust ports according to its size. The valve which is arranged at right angles to the
motor cylinder is supported horizontally in its casing by means of cylindrical portions 26
provided with split metallic packing rings 27 and with circumferential grooves 28 to
aid lubrication and prevent leakage.
Or
The contral portion or face of the valve may also be provided with grooves 28*
(Fig. 6) arranged longitudinally for the same purposes.
The valve may be made slightly conical for the purpose of allowing of its being
tightened up to compensate for wear. It may also be arranged to work in a liner or
bush, or it may be fitted with a sleeve provided with ports corresponding to the passages
in the valve and adapted to bo expanded by suitable ineans such as set screws for taking
up wear. 29 is an opening through which a small quantity of hydrocarbon can be
introduced into a passage 56 (hereinafter referred to) for the purpose of enabling the
motor to be started when cold. The opening is normally closed by a thumbscrew.
The rotary valve may be lubricated by suitably arranged lubricators. One is shewn at
30 applied to lubricate the valve spindle and another to one end of the valve case.
The rotary valve is rotated at half the speed of the crankshaft by means of a chain 32
passing over chain wheels 33 and 34 fixed respectively on the crankshaft 10 and valve
spindle 23. If the valvo be provided with four admission and four exhaust ports it
must be rotated at one fourth of the speed of the crankshaft. The rear end or cover 22
is also formed with two passages 35, that communicate with the interior of the valve
casing at the top and the bottom respectively. These passages each serve alternately
as admission and exhaust passages and have a common opening into the rear end of
the motor cylinder as shewn. 36 is a pressure chamber located beneath the motor
cylinder 37 an opening whereby such chamber may communicate with the interior of
the cylinder at its forward end and 38 a valve for controlling such communication.
When the pressure in the motor cylinder exceeds that in the pressure chamber the
valve is forced from its seat against the action of a spring 38 and the communication

page_text: opened and when the opposite conditions obtain, the valve will be pressed against its
seat by the said spring. The opening 37 and valve 38 may advantageously bo placed
at the side of the motor cylinder instead of below it as shewn, in order that the valve
may be more readily accessible, and be kept free of oil and dirt from the cylinder.
The pressure chamber 36 is provided with a series of baffle plates 39, as in the
pressure chamber described in my said former specification and for the same purposes;
it is surrounded on three sides by a space 40 through which the exhaust gases pass on
their way to the atmosphere. This exhaust space 40 is in turn surrounded on three
sides by a space 41 which is in communication with the atmosphere through an opening
or openings 42 in the notor framing. Through this space 41 air is drawn and supplied
to a carburetting device 43 (fig. 2) that may be constructed according to either of the
arrangements described in my said former specification No. 15598 of 1887.
44 is a pipe for supplying hydrocarbon from a reservoir 45 located in the front part
of the engine framing or base plate to the carburetting device. In this reservoir which
may be supplied with hydrocarbon through an opening 46 normally closed by a screw
plug as shewn is or are arranged one or more sheets 47 of suitable filtering material
such as woven horsehair cloth that serves or serve to prevent dirt being drawn into
the carburetting device. 48 is a chamber (fig. 3) in communication with the car-
buretting device and by means of an opening 49 with the interior of the motor cylinder
in front of the piston.
50 is a disc valve for controlling the latter communication; it has a constant tendency
during the instroke of the piston to open or remain open owing to the sucking action
due to such instroke of the piston. 52 is a partly wedge shaped block forked to embrace
a square sleeve 53 fixed on the valve stem 51, and arranged to work between the valve
casing and stops 53ª carried by the said sleeve; it is operated by an eccentric 54 loose
on the crankshaft and by an eccentric rod 55, and is arranged to be adjusted by a
governor or regulator hereinafter described, the arrangement being such that the said
valve is allowed to open at or after the commencement of ench instroke of the motor
piston by the suction of the same. The valve is forced against its seat on or before the
completion of such instroke by the wedge shaped block and thus caused to close the
communication between the chamber 48 and carburetting device and the interior of
the motor cylinder. 56 is a passage leading from the pressure chamber 36 to ther
casing of the rotary valve 23. It is in the example shewn formed in the casting 22
that forms the valve case and the rear end covers of the motor cylinder and pressure
chamber respectively and is controlled by a regulating valve 57.
This valve 57 serves as a starting and stopping valve and is operated by means of a
hand lever 58. In the lower part of the passage 56 is arranged a series of gauze sheets
or plates 59 for the purpose of preventing back ignition. These plates may be inserted
through a hole adapted to be closed by a door 31 (Fig. 7) at the side of the passage..
60 is a tube having its interior in communication with the interior of the motor
cylinder by a port 61; it is heated to redness by a lamp 62 for the purpose of igniting
the explosive charge in the said cylinder. A suitable construction and arrangement of
tube and lamp that may advantageously be employed for igniting the explosive charge
is described and illustrated in the specification of the other application for Letters
Patent bearing even date herewith and numbered 1781 hereinbefore referred to.
The operation of the motor is as follows:-
On the instroke of the motor piston air will be drawn through the opening or
openings 42, the space 41 (fig. 3) and through the carburetting device 43 in which
it will be carburetted and will then pass through the chamber 4S and opening 49
into the front part of the motor cylinder. On the outstroke of the piston the carbu-
retted air will be compressed and forced through the opening 37 into the pressure
chamber 36 forcing the valve 38 from its seat against the action of the spring 38.
The charge of compressed carburetted air then passes into the passage 56, the
valve 57 being open, and is admitted through the admission ports 2+ of the rotary
valve and the passages 35 into the rear end of the cylinder behind the motor piston
at the moment when the latter has just completed its instroke. When the piston has
performed about one sixth of its outstroke the rotary valve cuts off communication

page_text: with the pressure chamber (as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 6) and immediately
afterwards the piston uncovers the ignition port 61 in the wall of the cylinder and
the charge is ignited by contact with the inner surface of the heated tube 60 and the
piston impelled to the end of its outstroke by the combustion and expansion of the
charge. The exhaust ports 25 of the rotary valve 23 will then be brought opposite
the passages 35 and the spent gases will escape through them (as shown in Figs. 5
and 6), and through the passage 40" formed in the casing 22 into the exhaust
chamber 40 where the greater portion of the heat contained in the spent gases will be
utilized in heating the incoming air passing through the space 41, and in heating
the compressed carburetted air contained in the pressure chamber 36. The spont
gases will finally escape through the pipe 63 into the atmosphere. When starting
the motor, the valve 57 is closed, and the flywheel 64 rotated by hand or other means
until a sufficient pressure of carburetted air is produced in the pressure chamber after
which the valvo 57 is opened and the compressed carburetted air allowed to pass
through the rotary valvo 23 to the rear end of the cylinder as before.
In order to reduce the pressure in front of the piston and thus fucilitate the starting
of the motor, a cock (not shown) may be employed for placing the front end of the
cylinder in direct communication with the atmosphere during the first few revolutions
of the motor after the valve 57 has been opened.
The centrifugal governing apparatus for automatically regulating the point of cut
off of the inlet valve 50 and consequently the speed of the motor is shewn in Figs. 2
and 3. It comprises a pair of radial arms 65, which are weighted at their outer
ends and pivotted at their inner ends at diametrically opposite points 66 to a disc 67
which may be fixed to the boss of the driving pulley 64 or be keyed to the crank-
shaft. Connected to these arms so as to move therewith, are pins 68 which take into
slots formed in a plate 68 that is secured to the eccentric sheave 54. By this
arrangement when the speed of the motor exceeds its normal limit, the arms 65, will
under the action of centrifugal force move further outward and by rotating the
eccentric will so alter its position with relation to the crank that the wedge block 52
will be moved downward to close the inlet valve sooner, thereby reducing the supply
of carburetted air to the motor cylinder and reducing the speed of the motor to its
normal rate.
If the speed of the motor falls below its normal rate, the eccentric will be moved in
the opposite direction and allow the inlet valve to remain open longer, thereby
increasing the supply of carburetted air and the speed of the motor to the normal
rate. In the modified form of centrifugal governing apparatus shown in Figs. 11, 12,
and 13, the pivotted ends of the arms 65, are connected to seginental toothed
wheels 65 that gear with toothed segments on a disc 68ª connected to the eccentric
sheave 54.
By this arrangement when the speed increases beyond the normal limit, the
eccontric shoave is moved round on the crankshaft in advance of its normal position
by the toothed segments and causes the wedge block to close the inlet valve sooner or
vice versa as the case may be.
In this example the wedge block 52 is carried by a lever 52* pivotted at 69 to
the framing of the motor, and provided with a slot 70 in which engages a pin 55ª
carried by the lower end of the eccentric rod 55. The lover 52× is also provided
with a curved slot 51* through which the spindle 51 of the inlet valve extends. By
this construction, when the eccentric is moved by the governor it will cause its rod
to impart a greater or lesser angular movement to the lever 52* and thereby cause
the wedge piece to act quicker or slower to cut off the supply of carburetted air to
the motor. 71 is a band lever connected by a double link 72 to the lower end of
the eccentric rod. By this means the point of cut off of the inlet valve 50 may be
altered by hand as required during the working of the motor.
In the improved form of carburettor shewn in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, 41" is a casing
arranged to form part of the passage 41 through which the air to be carburetted is
drawn on its way to the cylinder; in its upper part is hinged or pivotted a spindle 73
to which is fixed a flap or valve 74 arranged approximately at right angles to

page_text: the direction of the air current passing through the casing. The flap 74 fills the
whole width of the casing 41ª as shewn in fig. 9 and its lower edge is arranged to
be in close contact with the curved lower infernal surface 75 of the casing when it
is in the position shewn in full lines in fig. 8. A recess 75ª is formed in the casing
so that when the flap is in the vertical position shewn in dotted lines the air to be
carburetted can pass beneath its lower edge as indicated by an arrow.
The spindle is prolonged outside the casing and to it is connected a lever arm, 76 į
to this arm is jointed a connecting rod 77 that operates a pump plunger 78 arranged
to work in a pump casing 79 provided with a suction valve 80 and a delivery valve 81.
When the flap is turned to the right, by the pressure of the air drawn through the
casing by the motor piston the lever arm 76 will depress the pump plunger and
cause the same to perform its downward or forcing stroke, the upward or suction
stroke of the plunger being effected by the action of a coiled spring 82 mounted at
the side of the casing and one end of which is adapted to press upwardly against a
nut 83 screwed on the connecting rod 77. When the pump plunger rises, it draws
hydrocarbon through a pipe 44 from the reservoir 45 and on its downstroke forces
the same through a pipe 44 into a spraying nozzle that opens into the casing on
that side of the flap nearest the motor cylinder.
The spraying nozzle comprises an outer casing 84 into which screws an inner
tubular plug or core 85 provided with an extension 85° of small diameter so as to
leave an annular space 86 between it and the outer casing. The extension 85" is
provided with Interal holes 87 and terminates in a cone which projects slightly through
an opening formed in the top of the outer casing as shown.
The plug or core is formed with a series of small grooves or air holes 88. When
the oil is forced through the pipe 44° it issues through the lateral holes 87 into the
annular space 86 where it meets and is broken up by streams of air drawn through
the grooves 88 by the suction of the motor piston. The mingled streams of air and
hydrocarbon on issuing from the nozzle pass into and mingle with the main current
of air flowing under the flap and past the mouth of the nozzle 84 on its way to the
cylinder.
The internal surface 41" of the casing opposite the mouth of the nozzle 84 is made
of approximately concave spherical form with the object of promoting the mingling
of the hydrocarbon and air.
83ª is a set screw for limiting the upstroke of the pump plunger, 78.
The tension of the spring 82 which determines the length of stroke of the pump
plunger 78 and consequently the quantity of hydrocarbon injected through the
spraying nozzle is regulated by means of a hand lever $2" arranged to move over a
graduated scale, 82º. The variations in the volume or speed of the current of air
produced by the variations in the speed of the motor piston during its instroke will
cause the flap to oscillate to a greater or less oxtent and thereby operate the pump
plunger (through the connecting mechanism) and thus inject a greater or less quantity
of hydrocarbon through the nozzle 84 in the form of spray into the current of air,
and thus carburet the latter to a greater or less extent before passing into the motor
cylinder. A definite quantity of hydrocarbon is thus sprayed or injected into the
vaporizing chamber at every stroke of the pump plunger 78 at every suction or instroke
of the motor piston, this quantity being increased or diminished according to the
quantity of air drawn into the cylinder by the motor piston.
my
said
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a hydrocarbon motor of the kind above referred to in which ignition and
explosion take place at each outstroke, the arrangement of parts substantially as
described whereby the piston rod is connected to the crank shaft and which comprisos
the levers 7 (or a lever) guided at one end and mounted upon a pin or fulcrum
carried by a hinged or pivotted link 14 (or links) and the connecting rod S.

page_text: 2. In a hydro carbon motor the use for controlling the supply of fluid to the
motor cylinder of an inlet valve adapted to be opened by the sucking action of the
motor piston in combination with governing apparatus whereby the said valve is
controlled so as to automatically vary the point of cut off substantially in the manner
herein described with reference to the drawings.
3. In a hydro carbon motor the combination of a pump or displacer adapted to
force hydrocarbon through a nozzle or diffuser into air to be carburetted and a hinged
or pivotted flap or valve adapted to be actuated by air on its way to the motor
cylinder and when so actuated to work the said pump or displacer.
4. The hereinabove described combination of a hydro carbon motor cylinder or
cylinders, a water jacket or tank and means such as a float for automatically
compensating for loss by evaporation of water from the said jacket or tank.
5. My improved hydro carbon motor substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to and shewn in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive of the drawings annexed whether
the piston be connected to the crank shaft by the means described or otherwise and
whether the motor be constructed with or without the jacket or tank 17 and float 18
or its equivalent.
D: 1 1
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