matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MEANS OF PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION .left by Yenn Meirat at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th April
1864.
I, YENN MEIRAT, of Henry Street, Hampstead Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OF PROPELLING VESSELS," to be as follows:-
My improvements in propelling vessels consist in the application to that
purpose of power generated by the water in which the vessel to be propelled
is floating, which is admitted by a suitable opening or openings at the bow of
the vessel, and conducted to a turbine or hydraulic apparatus disposed in
midships. After acting on the turbine the water is conducted by a channel
or channels to the stern of the vessel where it is allowed to escape; the
difference of elevation in the ingress and egress apertures gives a fall of water,
which is utilized in and actuates the turbine. I place the shaft of this turbine
in suitable communication with the paddle wheel shaft, or it may be the screw
axis of the vessel, which will be actuated by the motion of the turbine, and
will so propel the vessel through the water. The water passages and the
turbine are in proportion to the size of the vessel to be propelled, and the
speed at which it may be desired to propel her through the water. An opening
closed by a suitable valve admits the water at the bow of the vessel near the
water line, the water is conducted thence by a suitable channel into a large
circular chamber or reservoir disposed at the centre of the vessel, into which
the water flows up to the level outside; immediately below the bottom of this
vessel is placed the turbine, which consists of a kind of wheel mounted on a

page_text: vertical axis passing up through the water chamber; this wheel has a broad
rim furnished with buckets or cogs on which the water acts. In the bottom
of the reservoir is a series of inelined outlets for the water, arranged in a
circular form and connected with the buckets of the turbine; these openings are
elosed by a suitable valve or valves so as to regulate the admission of the water
to the turbine, and so regulate the power of propulsion; the valve acting on
the inclined cogs or buckets of the turbine causes it to rotate, and a bevil
wheel being fixed on its axis communicates motion to the screw shaft by a
suitable bevil pinion fixed thereon, or it may be effected by other suitable gear.
The water escaping from the turbine enters a chamber immediately below and
extending along the bottom of the vessel, passing through which the water
finds egress at a valve aperture at the stern down near the keel.
AN IMPROVED VARNISH FOR PAPER, WOOD, METALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES; WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PAPER AND CALICO PRINTING
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Augustus Bouck and Thomas
Hill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 28th June 1864.
We, JOHN AUGUSTUS BOUCK, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist, and THOMAS HILL, of the same Place, Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED VARNISH
FOR PAPER, WOOD, METALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES; WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO
APPLICABLE TO PAPER AND CALICO PRINTING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the use of silicate of soda, silicate of potash, or
other soluble silicate as a varnish. To this we sometimes add shell-lac, and
also alum or sulphate of alumina, which latter substances make it more
insoluble in water. Sometimes also we add pigments for the purpose of
colouring the varnish, and for the imitation of marble and other substances.
Our Invention also consists in the use of the above-mentioned varnish for
thickening colours used in printing calico or paper hangings, or for causing
the materials constituting the printed design to adhere.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CABINET BEDSTEADS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Sharp at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th September
1864.
I, ANDREW SHARP, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN CABINET BEDSTEADS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
cabinet bedsteads made in or of metal, and consists chiefly in forming those
parts of such bedsteads, such as the head and bottom, of ornamental work in
iron or other metal, in contradistinction to straight wires or bars, as hitherto
employed, and in uniting and strengthening these ornamental portions by
metallic sockets and tubular joint picces, through which the ornamental bars
pass, the most important part of such Invention being the application and
adaptation of ornamental and strengthening joint pieces of metal at these
portions of cabinet bedsteads herein-before referred to. The ornamental
joint pieces may be made by casting in sand or chills, or in any other con-
venient manner. The chief advantage of this Invention being the production
of a much stronger bedstead, and one possessing a better appearance than
hitherto, at the same time at a very low cost.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Martin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th May
1864.
I, CHARLES MARTIN, of Brentford, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain arrangements of mechanism whereby
the heads of carriages can be opened and closed by the drivers thereof without
leaving their seats. On each side of both doors, in the interior of the
carriage, is fixed an arm or bar, the same being attached to those parts of
the door framing which form a portion of the carriage head. A chain or
belt, of any material or materials suitable for the purpose, is passed from
each of the hinder arms or bars over pullies placed in the interior of the
back of the carriage, and thence passing over guide pullies to the anterior
arms or bars to which it is fixed, is then carried round a disc or wheel
placed transversely in the front portion of the carriage, the chain or belt
from one side of the carriage being fixed to the top of the transverse disc or
wheel, while the chain or belt from the other side is fixed to the bottom
thereof. The said disc or wheel is mounted on the end of a shaft which is
free to revolve in suitable bearings in the front of the carriage; the shaft
passing beneath the box or driving seat, and being furnished with a lever
by which it can be turned to the right or left. The shaft is provided
with a ratchet wheel, a pall or catch being so arranged as to take into

page_text: the same. Upon the lever being moved either to the right or left hand,
the chain or belt so fixed to the disc or wheel as aforesaid will be drawn
in a corresponding direction, thus actuating the before-mentioned arms or
bars, and opening or closing the head of the carriage, the ratchet wheel
and pall retaining it in any desired position.
Instead of employing the disc or wheel as herein-before mentioned a
roller may be used, the same being mounted in suitable bearings either
horizontally or vertically. The chain or belt is fixed to the roller, which
is actuated by a winch or handle.
It is obvious that these arrangements require only slight modifications
to render them applicable to carriages with a single hood, and also for
the mechanism to be actuated from the back instead of the front of
the carriage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING CANE
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Algernon Guthrie and Thomas
Tracey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 4th August 1864.
We, ALGERNON GUTHRIE and THOMAS TRACEY, of Pentonville, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING CANE," to be as follows:-
The end of
Our machinery consists of a frame fitted with springs which embrace the
cane, and with levers, also acted upon by springs which press a boss or pro-
jection on the levers in contact with the cane, and which bosses are armed
with cutters capable of adjustment upon them. The cutters extend all round
the cane, and the bosses act as guides, and regulate the depth of cut after the
cutters have been once adjusted so as to remove the skin or bark of an equal
thickness whatever the inequalities in the surface of the cane.
the cane is first pushed through between the cutters, and is then seized by
holding tongs or grips, whereby the whole length of the cane is drawn through
and between the cutters. After passing between the cutters we utilize the
central core as well as the strips of bark or skin, and pass it between
an annular or other shaped cutter, for the purpose of making it of even
diameter or thickness throughout its length. To prevent the cutters coming
together on the withdrawal of the cane we use a ring or other stop.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ADAPTATION OF SCREW PROPELLERS FOR SHIPS OR VESSELS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Lees at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st July
1864.
I, ROBERT LEES, of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, Engineer, do
5 hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE ADAPTATION OF SCREW PROPELLERS FOR SHIPS OR VESSELS," to be as
follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of obtaining more propelling
power from the same mechanism now in ordinary use, which is obtained by
O the novel position of the propeller employed.
The improvement consists in applying or adapting any ordinary screw
propeller to the front or "bow" of vessels instead of to the "stern," by which
alteration I have found by experience a considerable increase of speed is
obtained.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF FASTENING ARMOUR PLATES TO VESSELS OF WAR
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Turner Powell Aston Key at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
October 1864.
I, TURNER POWELL ASTON KEY, of 35, Oakley Square, N.W., in the County
AN
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for ".
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF FASTENING ARMOUR PLATES TO VESSELS OF WAR,"
to be as follows:-
I assume the position and number of holes and bolts to be as at present
usual, but instead of making the holes through which the attaching bolts
pass cylindrical, I make them slightly conical (the larger end of the cone
outwards; I also cone the upper part of the bolt to correspond with the
hole in the armour plate; a draw of about 1 in 20 will be sufficient, though
I do not confine myself to that amount. The interior of the coned hole is
then brought to welding heat by means of one or more gas jets; the head of
the bolt is also brought to a welding heat and inserted in the plate hole, it is
then driven home by hammer or pressure (bydraulic or otherwise. I prefer
to use a hollow (annular) holding-up apparatus to prevent bulging the interior
of the plate during the sending home of the bolt; the outer end of the bolt if
not quite flush may be dressed afterwards.
What I claim is the welding the bolt to the plate by using a conical hole
in the plate, a conical-headed bolt bringing both parts to welding heat &
completing the weld by pressure or impact.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GASALIERS, WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO EXTENDING AND CONTRACTING GAS. BRACKETS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Parker at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th May
1864.
I, THOMAS PARKER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Chan-
delier and General Gas Fitting Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of my said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GASALIERS, WHICH SAID
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO EXTENDING AND CONTRACTING GAS.
BRACKETS," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
I still purpose using the small concentric tube secured to the base of
the main sliding tube, and this concentric tube I prefer to extend some three
or four inches, more or less, above the top end of the main sliding tube, and
to which part the water cup is attached. The top end of the inner concentric-
tube I tap, and screw over it a small flange, and below this, around the tube,.
I apply suitable fibrous or other packing, preferring to use that material that.
will absorb oil or any fatty or unctuous matter, and by using a fixed flange
at the bottom of the packing, it is evident that the top may be tightened:
up or reversed so as to become a regulator, for it is essential that this should
fit comfortably tight, the interior of the top slide, or that part that is united
to the ball or other ceiling joint, as also the part that carries the balance
wheels or pulleys over which the chains carrying the balance weights work,
which in this case may be reduced in weight to an equivalent of the
resistance offered by the packing before referred to. At the bottom end of
the top slide, or any convenient portion thereof below the water cup, I secure

page_text: & flange which forms a stop by coming in contact with a projecting flange
on the water cup, which prevents the top and bottom slide from separating
without unscrewing the water cup, thus making the chandelier at all times
secure from falling by the breaking of the chains or other causes.
Thus it will be seen that although I purpose and recommend using water
or other fluid to ensure a perfect joint in pendants and gasaliers for the
prevention of the escape of gas, nevertheless a chandelier constructed as
herein-described may be used or left without water for any indefinite period,
for the packing, placed on the inner concentric tube, and high above the
position of the water, when applied, forms of itself a thorough secure joint,
so much so that when applying this arrangement for brackets that are
intended to be constructed on the telescopic principle it forms the only protec-
tion, as in that case water cannot be used.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN BOOK SLIDES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Charles Hunter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
September 1864.
I, JAMES CHARLES HUNTER, of Pentonville, in the County of Middlesex,
Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN BOOK SLIDES," to be as follows:-
I have in a groove in each end of the sole-plate of the book slide a sliding
piece extending nearly to the centre of the sole-plate, to which sliding pieces
the flaps by which the books are maintained in their places are attached by
hinges or other suitable connections, so that the said flaps may be folded
over out of the way when the book slide is not in use. On the under side of
the said sliding pieces, and between them and the grooves in the sole-plate
in which they slide, I have a travelling screw working through a stationary
nut fixed to the bottom of the said grooves, the under side of the said sliding
pieces being hollowed out so as to permit them to work truly in the bottom
of the grooves. The aforesaid travelling screw is continued to the outside
edge of the sliding portion, and is there furnished with an ornamental lead,
so as to permit of the screw being turned by the hand, and so the sliding
portion drawn further out or pressed back so as to tighten the books in the
book slide.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY OF SPINNING Looms
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Felix Lepoutre at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th March
1864.
I, FELIX LEPOUTRE, of Tourcoing, in the Department of the Nord, in the
Empire of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY OF SPINNING Looms," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved sector applicable to the looms used
in spinning various textile and thready materials, and will be best com-
prehended by reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawing forming part
of this my Provisional Specification. The parts constituting the sector are A,
(Fig. 1), thread lowerer; C (Figs. 2, 5, and 8,) rod, attached to A; D (same
Figures), socket with nose X set out of square; it slides on the rod C, and is
fixed to it by a screw; it moves the slide bar F (Fig. 2) by means of its
nose X working like a cam to give or take off thread as required, and when
the regularity of the thread is exact it neither gives or takes away. E
(Figs. 2 and 8), support of the slide bar; F (Fig. 2), slide bar; M (Figs. 2
and 8), catch, which holds the slide bar F and the fork G in the desired notch.
When thread is required the piece D causes the slide bar to advance, so that
the catch M falls into the first notch. When no thread is required the slide
bar F is advanced to the second notch by the piece D, in order that the
catch M may fall into the third notch to take off G (Fig. 8) fork bolted to
the slide bar F; H (Figs. 6, 7, and 8,) rack employed to give thread; I

page_text: (same Figures), catch employed to take off thread; O (Fig. 5), small pin
fixing the fork G to the slide bar F, and receiving at its extremity the come-
and-go motion communicated to it by the screw of the piece D in one direction,
and in the other by the recall spring L (Fig. 2); and by this means the catch
M. falls by turns into the first, second, or third notch, as may be required;
J (Fig. 8), support of the rod C; K (Fig. 2), catch of the fork G and slide
bar F; L (Fig. 2), spring which draws back the slide bar F until the stop W
touches the support E, when the fork G has given or taken off its thread in
order that it may not in winding up take off the thread which it has given in
going out; Q(Fig. 8), frame of the carriage. The pieces to be fitted to the
sector are B (Fig. 1), sector; K (Fig. 1 and detached Fig. 4), nut, which
travels on the screw T (Fig. 1); S (plan), support of screw T and wheels P
and V; T (Fig. 1), screw of sector; U (plan), bevil wheel on the screw T of
the sector; V, bevil wheel commanding bevil wheel U; N (Fig. 1), small
piece attacked to the support S of the screw of the sector, which causes the
catch M to rise when the carriage is at the end; W (Fig. 2), small stop
in the slide bar, which comes against the support E; P (shewn separately
Fig. 3), spinning wheel for giving thread; P¹ (same Figure), catch for taking
off thread; X (Figs. 2 and 5), nose of the piece D acting as cam.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BREECH-LOADING GUNS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Aldred and Peter Bainbridge
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 22nd June 1864.
We, JOHN ALDRED, of the Township of Salford, in the County of Lan-
caster, Gun Maker, and PETER BAINBRIDGE, also of the Township of Salford,
aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BREECH-LOADING GUNS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of mechanism for
locking and unlocking the parts of breech-loading guns or fire-arms, in which
the barrel is jointed to a pin on the stock of the gun by a hinge-joint upon
which it moves, so as to place the breech end of the barrel or barrels in a
position for being loaded, as is well understood, and consists in the employ-
ment and use of a locking bolt sliding in the body of the "action" parallel
with the bore of the barrel, one end of which is made in a wedge or V-shape,
in order to take into the slot in the ordinary locking lug projecting from the
under side of the barrel. A curved steel spring working in a suitable slot at
the back of the break-off presses against the side of a transverse slot cut in
the locking bolt, and so presses forward the locking bolt and keeps it in
position. The locking bolt is actuated by a horizontal connecting link pro-
vided at one end with a vertical stud fitting into a vertical hole in the locking
bolt at the back of the spring herein-before alluded to, and the other end of the
said connecting link is forked, in order to allow the breech pin stud to remain
in its usual position, and is then jointed to a slot in a cranked lever working

page_text: on the trigger pin (which lever in the case of a double-barrelled gun works
between the triggers); the other arm of the said lever passing through the
hand of the stock is there attached to a thumb-piece, which when pushed
forward relieves the locking bolt, and so throws up the barrel or barrels for
the insertion of the cartridges, and when loaded the barrel or barrels may be
thrown up with a slight jerk, when they will lock themselves without the
thumb-piece being touched by the party using the gun.
A NEW VOLTAIC APPARATUS FOR THE RELIEF OF HERNIA IN ALL ITS FORMS AND STAGES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Tirat at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd June
1864.
I, JOSEPH TIRAT, Doctor of Medicine of the Faculty of Paris, residing at
No. 12, Russell Place, Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW VOLTAIC
APPARATUS FOR THE RELIEF OF HERNIA IN ALL ITS FORMS AND STAGES," to be
as follows:-
-
The apparatus is composed of two voltaic piles composed of discs placed one
above the other when a voltaic current is kept up by means of alkaline salts
introduced by means of a tube into the piles. The zinc discs are moveable,
and are so inserted into the copper discs that the voltaic current can be
increased or diminished at pleasure by means of multiplicating wires. The
entire apparatus is enclosed in a morocco belt or pocket lined with flannel.
The belt or pocket has an internal and external surface; the internal is
intended to be placed horizontally or otherwise upon the surface of the body
by means of the rupture bandage. It gives room for the two copper wires
which unite the positive and negative poles of the piles within the belt or
pocket. The two other extremities of these wires are attached to two copper
buttons placed in the interior of the cushion of the rupture bandage, and by
this means it conveys the voltaic current developed by the piles.
The same apparatus containing the piles and the same mechanism may be
used as a waistband, corset, bracelet, knee cap, and may be applied to any

page_text: part of the body, and a continuous voltaic current can be communicated to
the internal surface of the apparatus by means of two copper buttons or strips
of copper, which serve as conductors, conveying the current to that part of the
body upon which the apparatus is placed. The apparatus varies in size, and
according to its intended application and the intensity of the voltaic current
it may be desired to be obtained.
IMPROVED MEANS OF OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER FOR THE PROPULSION OF NAVIGABLE VESSELS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Stewart Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
November 1864.
I, EDWARD STEWART JONES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Ship-
owner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS OF OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER FOR THE PROPULSION OF
NAVIGABLE VESSELS," to be as follows:-
In ships where steam is employed to operate machinery for giving motion
to screw and other propellers in the water, a considerable portion of the space
in the hulls is filled up with, and the carrying capabilities are materially re-
duced by the necessary fuel, boilers, engines, and heavy engine connections.
The object of this Invention is to obtain and apply power for the propulsion
of ships and vessels which shall be completely under control, and ready for use
at all times, and with which, as compared with the ordinary steam arrange-
ments, a ship will be enabled to carry a greater dead weight of cargo, will be
ensured against sinking from the buoyancy of the agents employed, and will
be capable of being worked from port to port at a reduction in cost.
And although my Invention is intended to be used principally in ships
with sails, as an auxiliary in propelling them during calms and adverse winds
it is not confined to such use, but may be employed in ships required to make
rapid passages.
I obtain power by forcing or compressing into a space or spaces, or a con-
tainer or containers, in or on the ship, air, or other elastic "incondensible'

page_text: fluid at high pressures, either when a vessel is in port, by the employment of
a steam engine and pumps, hydraulic or other power, or when the ship is on a
voyage by employing small steam or other power to force air into the spaces
or chambers above mentioned, and so as to have it stored ready for use when-
ever required. The containers, for convenience of packing, and obtainment
of great strength to resist pressure, could advantageously consist of a number
of cylindrical vessels which, when in position, would resemble a honeycomb,
and each one or each section of them should be provided with suitable pipe
connections and valves.
I apply the compressed air or other fluid above referred to in the desired
quantity to the propulsion of ships or vessels, in the same manner as steam is
now employed, and thereby give motion to screw, paddle, or other propellers, or
I convey it, the said compressed air or other fluid, by suitable pipes or chambers
to an opening or openings in the skin of the ship at as great depth below the
surface of the water as may be convenient and there allow it to escape in
manner well understood.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexandre Izérable and Ferdinand
Izérable, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 23rd February 1864.
We, ALEXANDRE IZÉRABLE and FERDINAND IZÉRABLE, both of Marseilles, in
the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS," to be as follows:-
The break which forms the subject of the present Invention, and is
represented in the annexed Drawing, is worked as follows:-When the train
is to be stopped the engineer turns the handle a, the toothed wheels b, b, give
a rotatory movement to the rod c existing on and permanently fixed to every
carriage, all these rods being connected in the manner hereafter described.
The rod c when turned one way or the other moves a screw nut d, to which a
link or articulated lever f is attached. This articulated lever is connected
with the beam g, which turning on its centre presses by means of the short
arms h, h, the break blocks K, K, against the wheels or withdraws them. In
order to prevent damage from blows from the buffers, a slide piece P of a
quadrangular form allows the rod c to give way to the movements of the
carriages without ceasing to act on the blocks K, K'. The same movement is
transmitted to all the trucks or carriages of the train, all the rods being
connected by a double forked gear, fixed on a circular disc. The fork m

page_text: places itself on the disc n, and the fork m¹ placed in an horizontal position with
reference to the first, is likewise fixed on the disc n, so that the rotation of the
rod c is always possible, even when the rods of some of the trucks are not in
line with the others, or are off the rails.
AN APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING MONEY OR TICKETS, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO OMNIBUSES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Kerruish at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th July
1864.
I, EDWARD KERRUISH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Ship
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN APPARATUS
FOR COLLECTING MONEY OR TICKETS, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO OMNIBUSES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of safety box for the collection
of fares or tolls. The box is to be carried in the hand by the collector most
generally, but may be conveniently made a fixture if desired, and when
used at night a lamp can be affixed; it is provided with a funnel or opening,
which is of sufficient size to permit the largest coin or ticket to pass through;
the money or ticket placed in the funnel falls upon a rotating disc or drum.
which whilst it is large enough to admit the largest coin or ticket yet will not
allow the smallest piece to return through the aperture, the drum being pro-
vided with a ratchet wheel which allows it to turn in one direction only. The
box is further provided with a channel (the top and bottom of which are made
of glass removable for cleaning) leading to an inner chamber or receptacle,
which is securely locked or sealed if required, a piece of silvered plate glass
being placed beneath the glass channel, so that the collector can see both
sides of the coin or ticket. The box is held in the hand in an inclined
position, and the money in its descent is arrested by a
slide which closes the end of the channel, and retains the
small trap or
coin or ticket

page_text: between the glass surfaces, the guard or collector is thereby enabled to inspect
and count the coin or tickets collected, and if correct by removing the small
trap or slide by pressing on a small button near the handle the coin or ticket
will drop into the box or receptacle below.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF LEVELLING FOR AND FORMING THE FOUNDATIONS EITHER UNDER OR ABOVE WATER FOR CYLINDERS, PIERS, SEA OR RIVER WALLS, AND DAMS FOR BRIDGES & OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Robert Stephenson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
April 1864.
I, GEORGE ROBERT STEPHENSON, of Great George Street, Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF LEVELLING FOR AND FORMING
THE FOUNDATIONS EITHER UNDER OR ABOVE WATER FOR CYLINDERS, PIERS, SEA OR
RIVER WALLS, AND DAMS FOR BRIDGES & OTHER STRUCTURES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of improvements in the method of levelling for and
forming the foundations either under or above water for cylinders, piers, sea
or river walls, and dams for bridges and other structures. For these purposes I
use cutters or jumpers working on a centre previously fixed in the place to be
levelled for the foundation, or I use the centre itself as a cutter. The form
and position of the cutters or jumpers will be varied for use in rock or in hard
ground, and motion can be given to the cutters or jumpers by means of steam
or other power on a stage, or on floating pontoons, or lighters, as may be
convenient.
AN IM- PROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING CERTAIN THEATRICAL EFFECTS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Silvester at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th May 1864.
I, ALFRED SILVESTER, of New Dorset Place, Clapham Road, in the County
of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING CERTAIN THEATRICAL EFFECTS," to be as follows
(that is to say) -
My Invention has for its object a mechanical arrangement applicable to
public places of amusement, whereby a pleasing dramatic combination re-
sembling in character and appearance crystal fountains of water encircling
figures of fairies, or personifications thereof is obtained, which under the
influence of ordinary light and variations of colour admit of being developed
or subdued at pleasure through the medium of the translucent effect of the
water surrounding the same, and consists in fitting within the ceiling or
beneath the floor of the stage a room or compartment furnished with a pedestal,
upon which the figure of the fairy is placed, so as to admit of being raised or
lowered therefrom by means of a rope passing over a drum or roller worked
by hand or otherwise, the said pedestal being surrounded by circular jets or
tubes, from which water is caused to play through the medium of flexible
pipes communicating with the main, a tank or receptacle secured to the floor
being employed in connection therewith for receiving the water, as also oxy-
hydrogen burners of the usual construction for supplying lime light to the
same, together with jets of water from the ceiling descending upon the lower
fountain.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WASHING ORES. AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, AND IN SEPARATING EARTH AND OTHER IMPURITIES. ADHERING TO THEM
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Armand Le Comte de
Fontainemoreau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 2nd May 1864.-A communication from Jean
Emile Austruy, residing at Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINEMOREAU, of the General Patent
Offices, 10 Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the.
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WASHING ORES.
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, AND IN SEPARATING EARTH AND OTHER IMPURITIES.
ADHERING TO THEM," to be as follows, that is to say :-
The Invention consists in the construction of a washing apparatus to
separate earth, mud, and other extraneous matters from ores and other
substances of a less density than water. The apparatus is composed of a fixed
cast-iron tube, serving as the axis of rotation. The water for the washing
enters the said tube and reaches the apparatus through a small tube, the...
orifice of which is covered with a perforated sheet of irou serving to divide tlie
water in small streams, which can be graduated according to necessity. The
moveable part of the apparatus has the form of a straight cone, its axis is so.
inclined that the lower generator of its basis assumes a contrary inclination..
The conical envelope being made to turn, the ore or substances enter by the
large basis, and the water by the small one, the several pieces of ore rolling
one against the other are compelled to ascend the current of the water, and
being washed get out through the smaller basis after having passed through the

page_text: shower created by the small tube. The water impregnated with the extraneous
matters runs out through the large basis. It will be easily understood that
the several pieces of ore being drawn by the movement of the envelope which
supports them in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, are attracted
by their own weight and fall in a vertical plane, and therefore after their fall
they advance within the lower generator according to their previous position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNALLING BY MEANS OF FLUID PRESSURE
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pardoe Ferris and Kenneth
Henry Cornish at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 31st March 1864.
We, JOHN PARDOE FERRIS and KENNETH HENRY CORNISH, both of No. 1
Laurence Pountney Hill, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNALLING BY MEANS OF FLUID
PRESSURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the transmission of orders from one given
point to another, at such distance as the apparatus may be found to work
efficiently. It is specially adapted for the transmission of helm, engine room
and other signals, and orders on board of ships, and for analogous employment
on railways and other places. We propose to effect this by employing the
fluid pressure of air, air and mercury, or other available fluid, or combination
of fluids in various ways, but preferably in the following manner :-A bent glass
tube containing mercury is placed in the required position, inserted in one end
of the tube is a glass piston, which floats upon the mercury, to this piston is
attached a rod connected by a rack and pinion, or otherwise, to a hand or par-
tially revolving disc which is to point to or exhibit the order that is to be
executed. To the other end of the glass tube is attached any requisite length
of tubing which terminates at the point whence the order or signal is given in
a reservoir of air, which being compressed impels forward the air that is
contained in the tubing, instantly sounding a bell to call attention, and at the
same moment elevating the column of mercury and raising the piston and rod

page_text: which transmit immediate motion to the hand or disc, which points to or
exhibits the order to be executed. The points of departure and receipt of the
signals or orders are furnished with dials, upon which are shown corresponding
words, letters, numbers, or signs, so that the same words, letters, numbers,
or signs are indicated and exhibited at both points simultaneously. By an
arrangement of this apparatus, air chambers are placed in such, a position
that they may be operated upon by the movement of the rudder, when an
instantaneous and accurate indication of the angle at which at any moment
the helm may be either to port or starboard is given in degrees upon dials
placed on the bridge and other desired positions.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING INDIGO FROM TEXTILE MATERIALS, EITHER YARNS OR FABRICS, PREVIOUSLY DYED BY THE BLUE SOAKING PROCESS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacques Fulerand Pascal Hugou-
nenq at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd September 1864.
I, JACQUES FULERAND PASCAL HUGOUNENQ, of the Town of Lodève,
Départment de l'Hérault, in the Empire of France, Chemist, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
OBTAINING INDIGO FROM TEXTILE MATERIALS, EITHER YARNS OR FABRICS, PREVIOUSLY
DYED BY THE BLUE SOAKING PROCESS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in plunging the textile materials into a tub con-
taining water acidulated with chlorhydric acid as soon as they are taken out
of the blue dyeing tub. After soaking awhile the said materials are squeezed
out by hand pressure above the liquid, and they are plunged into another
tub containing also acidulated water, they are again squeezed out, and the
water of the second tub is conveyed into the first one. When the water
of this first tub contains enough of coloring stuff it is conveyed to a special
receiver, a suitable quantity of chlorhydric acid, say, of a gallon of acid to
20 gallons of the waters, but the proportions are very variable, is then added
to saturate the alcaline basis, which saturation will be made evident by its
action on testing paper, "papier de tourne sol," the indigo being then sepa-
rated from its combinations is precipitated, and after eight or ten hours the
liquid can be decanted, the indigo settled at the bottom is gathered and dried
by the usual process.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FEEDING STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eyre Massey Shaw at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th November
1864.
I, EYRE MASSEY SHAW, of Watling Street, in the City of London, Super-
intendent of the London Fire Engine Establishment, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FEEDING STEAM BOILERS,”
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of feeding steam boilers, and is more par-
ticularly applicable to small boilers, such, for example, as are used in steam.
fire engines, and other portable engines, and consists in the employment of a
closed chamber or vessel situate above the water level of the boiler, which
chamber or vessel is provided with a funnel or feeder for supplying it with
water, and a stop-cock for closing the supply pipe or aperture when the
chamber is charged with water. A pipe leading from the steam chamber of
the boiler, and provided with a stop-cock, opens into the upper part of the
feed water chamber or vessel, the end of this pipe being turned upwards so as
to direct the steam against the inside of the top of the feed chamber. A
second pipe, also provided with a stop-cock near the boiler, leads from the
bottom of the feed water chamber into the bottom of the boiler, such pipe
having a syphon bend in it to prevent the boiling of the water in the pipe. In
using this feeder the cocks on the pipes which communicate with the steam
and water spaces of the boiler are first closed, and the cock on the mouth of

page_text: the feed water chamber or vessel opened. A funnel or filler is then applied,
and the water chamber is supplied with water. The cock on the water
chamber is now closed, and the steam cock opened, so that the pressure of
the steam in the boiler will be communicated to the surface of the feed water
in the chamber. The cock in the pipe which communicates with the water
space of the boiler is next opened, whereby the feed water chamber or vessel
will be connected at both ends withe the boiler, and the water in it will descend
through the lower pipe into the boiler until its surface is on a level with that
of the water inside the boiler.
By the adoption of this mode of feeding steam boilers the usual feed pumps
and injectors, with their accompanying fittings, which are so liable to derange-
ment, may be dispensed with.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED FOR COATING SURPACES AND INSULATING METAL FROM METAL
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas James Hughes and William
Henry Hotten at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 16th June 1864.
We, THOMAS JAMES HUGHES, of Albany Street, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Builder, and WILLIAM HENRY HOTTEN, of Hope Street, Hackney, in
the same County, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED FOR COATING SURPACES AND
INSULATING METAL FROM METAL," to be as follows:-
The composition, the manufacture of which is hereafter described, will be
principally used for coating the sides of ships, and for insulating the sheathing
thereof, it being intended to place it between the metal side of the ship and
the metal sheathing thereof, whether copper, Muntz metal, or other, or it may
be used alone for covering or coating surfaces. It is composed of the
residuum (after distillation) of either vegetable, mineral, animal, or fish oils,
and we either use the residuum of each oil separately, or we mix one
residuum with another, or all the residuums we can obtain together, and
according to the nature of the composition we desire to manufacture we mix
the mass with solvents, say coal tar, naptha, or petroleum, or with hard
bodies, say asphaltum, pitch, gums, or resins. If we require our composition
to be of a firm nature, we mix the residuum of whatever oil or oils it may be
the product in proportion of three-quarters of a pound of asphaltum to one
pound of residuum, or of equal parts of pitch and residuum; if of a sticky or
adhesive nature, equal parts of residuum and resin; if soft, two-thirds of a

page_text: pound of coal tar to one pound of residuum, but if it be required very soft
and paint like, we add to and mix with the mass of residuum, naptha in
proportion of one-third of a pound of naptha to each pound of residuum.
The proportions will somewhat vary according to the quality of the oil refuse
or residuum we use. It is evident that caoutchouc and gutta percha may be
used with the residuums, but the price of these articles prevents their being
employed beneficially in our manufacture. We bring our composition by
treating the component parts as above directed to the necessary degree of
adhesiveness and elasticity, mixing them to a standard, so that the insulating
material may be of a tenacious character slightly elastic, and so as not to set
hard and brittle even in a cold climate, and yet to keep firm in a hot one.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the. Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th April 1864:-A communication from abroad by François Celestin
Armelin, of Paris, France.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL," to be as
follows:-
In this Invention the fuel is divided into classes, each possessing different
heating powers according to the use to which the fuel is to be put. The first
class is intended for domestic fire-places. The second for industrial fire-
places and furnaces. The third, in which the heating powers are the most
energetic, is more especially intended for marine and locomotive uses. The
following ingredients enter into the composition of this fuel.
1. Residium remaining in the purification of petroleum oil or waste of this
oil, or raw petroluim oil; 2, cowdung; 3, coal dust; 4, water. The raw
petroleum or the residuum or waste of this oil acts as a coloring and aggluti-
native agent, and the relative proportion of these ingredients in the com-
position fixes the degree of heating properties. I proceed to describe the
composition and manipulation for each of the three classes of fuel.
1. For domestic uses.-10 parts of cowdung, 5 parts of water, 90 parts of
coal dust, and to 1 part of waste or residue.from the purification of petroleum
oil. The oil waste or residue is poured into boiling water and stirred, this is
next poured into a trough containing the cowdung, and the whole is then poured

page_text: into a vessel containing the coal dust and thoroughly mixed. The mixture
is placed in moulds under pressure or not.
2. Fuel for industrial uses.-This fuel requires a higher concentration of
heating properties, I therefore increase the relative proportion of waste or
residue from the purification of petroleum oil; the quantity is from 6th to
oth of the mixture, say from 2 to 3 parts, the other ingredients are the
same as before. After the mixture has been thoroughly effected the compo-
sition is moulded and compressed.
3. Fuel for marine and locomotive uses.-It is desirable, under the
smallest bulk, to obtain fuel of the highest heating powers. The proportion
of cowdung is lessened or altogether suppressed, and that of the petroleum oil
residuum increased even to an equal proportion with the coal dust. This con-
centrated fuel is nothing more than petroleum solidified by coal dust. The
waste or residue from petroleum oil is mixed with the coal dust and stirred
until a solidified body results, and this is moulded under pressure. The fuel
. may be moulded in different shapes for the three uses, to which it is parti-
cularly applicable to facilitate the classing thereof. Sometimes the fuel is
composed of coal dust and cowdung, or of coal dust and the dung of other
ruminating animals, such material binding the coal dust with or without
water.