IMPROVE- MENTS IN ROLLING MILLS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th November 1881. A communication
from abroad by Schmidt Brothers, of Schwelm, Germany.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROLLING MILLS." (A communication from abroad by Schmidt Brothers,
of Schwelm, Germany.)
This Invention refers to improvements in the method of and apparatus for
rolling wire and thin sections, patented 14th September, 1880, No. 3736.
Instead of or besides the hexagon preparatory rolls, it is now proposed to employ
octagon and oval rolls also. For making other than the usual sections, and
especially for making three and four sided sections, a peculiar roll arrangement is
proposed, which will also presently be described. Instead of driving the machine
by tooth wheels and two shafts, as in the previous Patent, it is now proposed to
work it by strap, cord, or other similar means of transmission, and by second
overhead shaft, thus considerably simplifying the construction.
It has also been found that the wire of certain sizes on entering the rolls
absolutely needs guiding, and that an automatic coiling appliance is required for
properly performing the cold rolling process.
The production of the small rolls has also offered difficulties, in so far that such
rolls made of best steel break in a short time. In order then to produce lasting
rolls of a small diameter, it is now proposed to employ a material, such as wrought
iron, mild steel, or Bessemer steel; these rolls are hardened on the surface in any
known suitable manner, so that the interior remains soft or of a fibrous texture.
Only by using such rolls good results have been obtained, and their application is
hence of material importance
For the first rolls for a triangular section with hollow sides the grooves are so
arranged that a wedge shape is produced, the edge of which is half in one roll and
half in the other roll. The grooves in the next rolls are such that a shorter
thicker wedge section is produced, the edge of which enters one roll while the
opposite thick and convex end or face of the wire enters the other roll. The
finishing rolls have similarly a triangular groove into one roll, the two sides of the
groove being couvex, while the other roll is formed with corresponding convex
rings for producing the third concave side of the wire, and has also a small half
wound groove between each two rings, and into which grooves the pointed ring
parts of the other roll enter.

page_text: For rolling four cornered wire with concave sides the rolls are formed with like
grooves, and of course with any suitable number thereof.
The rolling mill adapted to the indirect driving gear is arranged as follows:-
On the bottom framing carrying the rolling mill framing are placed plummer
blocks, which can be adjusted and fixed in height; these receive a short driving
shaft with a strap pulley on each end, one of which by clutch drives the lower roll
and the other similarly the upper roll. The pulleys are driven by open and by
crossed strap (or rope, or other suitable means) from a shaft placed over head. The
entering guide is placed immediately in front of the rolls; it consists, firstly, of a
pair of rolls mounted on vertical spindles; and next, of a pair of rolls on horizontal
spindles; in front of the former guide rolls there is a guide tube, and between the
latter guide rolls and the rolling rolls there is also a guide tube. The guide rolls
have grooves corresponding with the grooves in the rolling rolls; they are also
arranged so that their axes may be shifted closer to or further apart, as it is
necessary to shift them apart to enter the wire; for this purpose one roll in each
pair is mounted in an eccentric bearing, which can be turned round by two levers
fixed thereon, one lever for the upper roll guided in a slanting slot in a plate or
rod that can be shifted up or down by a cord passing over pulleys, and which has
a weight attached below, tho other lever being by a rod connected to a, block
which is also guided in the slanting slot. The weight tends to draw the guide rolls
together. One of the pair of guide rolls may be omitted.
The rolled wire on leaving the rolling mill is by means of a tube guided to a
coiling appliance or winch. The drum of same is conical and is placed horizontally
or vertically, and has at one end slanting blades or paddles, which serve to take
hold of and-grip-the-wire.-The-tube is curved in front of the drum guiding the
wire to the thicker end of the drum; it is first taken hold of by the blades, and
as the drum turns it is carried along therewith. The end of the tube is thereby
made to follow a curved slot, and when half way release a catch, so that a lever
which is weighted carries the guide tube along in the horizontal part of the curve
until it drops in to a notch therein. The lever is held in position by a peg which
rests on the bellcrank shaped catch, and this latter is held by a stop. When the
guide tube moves further the catch will by means of a peg release the aforesaid
peg and thus release the lever; this latter will then drop on to the guide tube, and
because of its weight force the tube to continue to move further in the curved slot
until it drops into a notch, so that it is held therein or cannot move back. The
drum is worked by a cone stop pulley and friction clutch in order to equalize the
speed differences between the winch and the rolling mill. The drum is fixed on
the shaft and the step pulley is loose thereon and is connected to a suitable
striking gear. The shaft runs in two bearings which are fastened to a substantial
wood frame or otherwise.
The wire from the rolling mill is passed to the largest end of the drum, and as
the latter is conical and each following coil is forced to slide towards the smaller
end, where it is prevented from going further by pegs, these pegs are arranged so
as to be removable after the coiling operation, and for this purpose made to slide;
they are rivetted on to sliding pieces, which are guided on a ring fastened to the
drum and by studs which are fastened on the sliding pieces, and are guided in
curved slots in a disc which is loose on the drum shaft and is held by a nut. When
the disc is turned in one direction by means of a handle the sliding pieces with
pegs will be pushed out radially, and when turned in the opposite direction the
pegs will be drawn in. These pegs pass through holes in a ring, between which
and another ring the blades are arranged, the whole being fastened to the bottom
of the drum.