Improvements in Machines for Producing Stereotype Matrices and Typewriting.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 2nd Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Producing Stereotype Matrices and
Typewriting.
We, THOMAS GEORGE DAW, of Quaker's Hall, Sevenoaks, in the County of
Kent, Newspaper Proprietor and Publisher, and HILDER DAW, of the same
address, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
==
This invention of improvements in machines for producing stereotype matrices,
and typewriting has reference more particularly to improved means for feeding the
carrier for supporting material to form a matrix or mould or paper to be printed,
in a transverse or circular direction with a step by step motion to form lines of
words, and in a longitudinal direction to form successive lines; to mechanism for
returning the carrier after the completion of one line for the commencement of
another line; means for varying the spaces between the letters, and between the
lines; means for indicating the position in the machine of the part of the matrix
material or paper being operated upon; and means for inking the types when the
machine is constructed to produce typewriting.
In carrying our said invention into practice the carrier when in the form of a flat
table is arranged to move in a transverse direction upon a slide bar frame which is
moved in a longitudinal direction. The intermittent or step by step transverse
motion of the carrier is produced by means of a longitudinal shaft having one or
more featherways formed therein and carrying toothed wheels which are free to
slide on the shaft but are rotatably connected therewith by projections or feathers
engaging in the said featherway, and restrained from looseness or play by the action
of springs which keep the projections or feathers always in contact with the edges
of the featherway. Looseness can also be avoided by having two racks, one of
which maintains the contact with the single toothed wheel. These toothed wheels
each of which resembles a chronometer "maintaining wheel" comprising two parts
or wheels mounted coaxially and connected by a spring, engage with racks on the
carrier and impart a transverse motion thereto without looseness or jar. An inter-
mittent motion is imparted to the shaft by a wheel having a serrated or roughened
periphery and on the spindle of which is mounted an oscillating frame having four
arms arranged preferably at ninety degrees apart, within which the wheel may be
situated after the mannnr of a wheel in a pulley block. Two of these arms carry
clamps adapted to clamp the wheel, preferably on opposite parts thereof and partly
rotate the same during each return movement of the oscillating frame, these clamps
during the forward movement of the said frame being held out of contact with the
wheel by means of arms fixed to the spindles of the said clamps and connected by
suitable rods with a small three-armed lever carried upon another arm of the
oscillating frame. The feed actuating device of the machine is connected to this
three-armed lever and in commencing to act, causes this lever to move on its axis
just sufficient to lift the feed clamps out of engagement with the serrated wheel.
A suitable stop serves to regulate the amount of movement of clamps away from
the periphery of the feed wheel. The further action of the feed actuating device
then causes the oscillating frame to turn in a forward direction, and on the return
motion of the frame, caused by a suitable spring, the clamps first engage the wheel
and then cause the same to partly rotate. The oscillating frame is caused to be
somewhat sluggish in its action, so as not to turn before the clamps are in engage-
ment with the wheel, by a rod connected to one of its arms and sliding in a frictional
guide or bearing. An adjustable screw stop is provided to limit the return move-
ment of the sliding rod. By varying the position of the stop the extent of the .

page_text: return movement of the rod, and the turning movement of the serrated wheel which
the clips act over can be altered for the purpose of regulating the spaces between
the letters to be impressed or printed. To overcome the momentum of the carrier
we may provide a friction brake adapted to act on the serrated wheel, this brake
being held back by a spring or the like, and being arranged to be brought into
contact with the wheel by the feed mechanism striking against an arm connected
therewith in the return movement of the said mechanism.
According to another arrangement an intermittent motion is imparted to the
serrated feed wheel by a roughened reciprocating feed bar which when moving in
one direction engages with the feed wheel but is withdrawn therefrom when moving
in the other direction. An adjustable screw is provided to limit the movement of
the bar in one direction, and prevent the feed bar being thrown out of engagement
with the feed wheel by the momentum of the carrier. This feed bar is connected
to a slide bar working with sufficient friction to cause the said feed bar to be
moved either towards or away from the feed wheel prior to its reciprocating
movement.
In some cases the carrier may be in the form of a cylinder which may advan-
tageously be fixed upon the longitudinal shaft and thus be driven directly thereby.
Each type arm or lever (hereinafter called a type arm) may be coupled to one of a
pair of levers which are jointed to the corresponding key plunger, the end of the
other lever being stationary so that when the key is depressed the levers are forced
into line with one another, and cause the depression of the type arm.
The feed mechanism is operated in one direction by a projecting finger on the
oscillating wheel or band which is moved in one direction by the action thereon of
wedge shaped pieces formed on or secured to the type arms, or the levers or
plungers connected therewith. The return movement of the feed mechanism may
be effected by a spring. The finger on the oscillating wheel or band may either
act directly on the feeding mechanism or indirectly through connecting levers
and links..
As the longitudinal shaft is revolved it winds up a cord by means of which the
return movement of the carriage is effected. Conveniently a cord is used having a
button adapted to engage with a lever arm mounted on a rocking shaft. This
shaft carries a handle or key which when depressed at the end of the transverse
motion of the carriage causes the arm to engage with the button on the now wound
up cord, and to unwind the same thereby rotating the longitudinal shaft in the
opposite direction and moving back the carrier to its starting position. A suitable
cam may be mounted on this shaft to lift the feed clamps from the feed wheel when
necessary. The handle or key may be coupled with the line spacing mechanism
hereinafter described so as to operate the same during the return of the carrier, and
may be automatically operated by an electrical device whose circuit is completed
by the carrier each time a line is completed.
The carrier may be so mounted as to allow of its being turned or swivelled in
order to effect the printing of curved lines.
The intermittent or step by step longitudinal movement of the slide bar frame
to move the carrier into positions to enable successive lines of words to be impressed
or printed, is effected by a screw threaded shaft, or there may be more than one of
such shafts, to which an intermittent motion of suitable extent, is imparted either
directly, or through gearing, by a ratchet wheel actuated by a spring pawl carried
by a rocking lever provided with a retracting spring. Normally the spring pawl is
held out of engagement with the wheel by being pressed by the lever against an
adjustable stop. This stop which consists of a cross bar carried by a curved or
segmental piece, which may be graduated, fixed by a clamping screw, can be
adjusted so as to vary the backward movement of the aforesaid lever, and thereby
allow it when depressed to act over a greater or less extent of the circumference of
the ratchet wheel and so vary the extent of motion imparted to the said wheel
and screw threaded shaft at each depression, and consequently the space between
the lines.

page_text: An arrangement is provided for rapidly moving the slide bar frame by rotating
the screw threaded shaft. This arrangement, comprises a hand wheel or handle,
mounted loosely on a shaft and carrying the movable part of a clutch that can be
brought into engagement when desired with the other part of the clutch fixed to a
shaft connected by suitable gearing with the screw threaded shaft, the arrangement
being such that this shaft can be readily rotated at will. A spring is provided for
throwing the clutch out of engagement when not in use.
The device for indicating the longitudinal position of the work in the machine,
and for facilitating the replacing of the work after the same has been moved back
for inspection or other purpose, comprises a graduated disc adapted to be rotated
by a worm in gear with the lines spacing mechanism. A fixed pointer or finger
projects over the face of this disc, while a clip carried on a radial arm projects
over the edge of the disc and embraces the same with slight friction. During the
working of the machine the clip is kept against the fixed finger, but when the work
is withdrawn the disc is rotated in the opposite direction and carries the clip with
it so that when returning the work under the type bars, its proper position for
recommencing embossing or printing thereon can be found by observing when the
clip comes in contact with the fixed finger. A dial or scale, which we term a
justification scale, serves to indicate the position of the carriage laterally. This
dial or scale is secured to or geared with the longitudinal featherway shaft and a
pointer is provided to enable the indications to be read with facility. The said
dial or scale may have holes for the insertion of pins or pegs to indicate points such
as the starting and the termination of the lines.
When the oscillating wheel or band hereinbefore mentioned transmits motion to
the feed mechanism through a system of levers, the projecting finger thereon acts
upon an arm carrying an antifriction roller that is arranged to act on the curved
extremity of one arm of a bell crank lever, the position of the antifriction roller
being adjusted towards or away from the pivot of the arm on which it is carried
according to the force exerted on the keys and amount of movement to be imparted
to the feed. The curvature of the end of the bell crank arm is preferably such
that when the resistance of the keys is greatest, the motion imparted to the bell
crank is least, and the motion of the bell crank gradually increases as the resistance
of the keys becomes less.
When our invention is applied to a machine for producing typewriting the type
can be inked by means of a small inking pad which projects into the path of the
type when the same is being struck and so arranged that when struck by the type
it is moved out of the way and brought in contact with 'a replenishing roller or
pad. Or inking pads may be pivoted immediately in front of each type each of
these pads being arranged to be acted on by a pusher bar operated by an inclined
portion of the type key so as to turn the pad on its pivot out of the way of the
type after the type has struck the pad and retain the pad in this position till the
type has returned to its original position. Each pad may serve one or more type.
Each type piece may also be inked by striking against a loosely suspended curtain
which is replenished by capillary attraction from a reservoir from which the curtain
is suspended. The supply of ink can be regulated by suitable mechanism.
The type heads are formed with tapered curved sides the centre of whose
curvature is the pivot on which the type arms move. Each of these heads when
the corresponding type keys is depressed, is caused to enter a tapered hole in a
central ring that allows the type to project through it for the purpose of impressing
the matrix material or paper. This ring serves as a guide for the type head and as
a stop to limit the downward movement thereof.
The type keys may be arranged to complete the circuits of electrical apparatus
for operating the type arms and levers, instead of operating them directly from
the keys.
The type arms and levers are carried or strung on segmental wires and the part
of the machine through which the wires pass is divided in the plane of the wires,
so that the wires can be laid in a groove in the lower part. The upper part or cup

page_text: having a corresponding groove can then be placed over the lower part to retain
the wire. By moving the upper part or cap to the right or left relatively to the
lower part, looseness or play of the levers or of the arms and levers can be
prevented.
For impressing or printing characters not carried by the type heads a special cup
or socket may be fitted on the bed or lower portion of the part which carries the
type arms and levers. The characters are fitted into the cup or socket which can
then be depressed to produce an impression. Wheels for ruling lines can be
supported in the same or in other suitable manner.
The "flong" or material of which a matrix or mould is to be produced may, if
wet, be quickly dried for taking casts by submitting the same to the action of a
vacuum. The surface of the flong may be covered with black lead or oil to prevent
adherence of the flong or material to the type.
Dated this 16th day of September 1891.
W. Lloyd Wise,
HILDER DAW.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Producing Stereotype Matrices and
Typewriting.
We, THOMAS GEORGE DAW, of Quaker's Hall Sevenoaks in the County of
Kent, Newspaper Proprietor and Publisher and HILDER DAW, of the same address,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention of improvements in machines for producing stereotype matrices,
and typewriting has reference more particularly to improved means for feeding
the carrier for supporting material to form a matrix or mould or paper to be
printed, in a transverse or circular direction with a step by step motion to form
lines of words, and in a longitudinal direction to form successive lines; to improved
mechanism for returning the carrier after the completion of one line into position
for the commencement of another line; to improved means for varying the spaces
between the letters, and between the lines; to improved means for indicating the
position in the machine of the part of the matrix material or paper being operated
upon; and to improved means for inking the types when the machine is constructed
to produce typewriting.
And in order that the nature of this invention may be readily understood and
carried into practical effect we will proceed to describe the same by reference to
the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a plan of part of a machine constructed according to this invention,
suitable for producing stereotype matrices.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged right hand end elevation thereof, partly in section, and
Fig. 3 is an enlarged left hand end view.
Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are detail views.
The remaining figures are hereinafter referred to.
A is the bed of the machine carrying a head B formed in three parts or sections,
see Fig. 6. This head carries the type operating keys C, the levers or bars D
with the type characters D', and the oscillating ring or wheel E for actuating the
spacing mechanism.
The type operating, keys C are each secured to a rod C¹ that passes through a
slot B in the head B as shewn more clearly in Fig. 6, and through a slot in an
annular guide plate B°. Each rod C' is connected at its lower end to the knee or

page_text: joint C of a pair of toggle bars C³, C4, there being one key and one pair of
toggles for each character. The keys C are preferably arranged in three con-
centric series or circles, and the toggle bars to which the respective rods C₁ are
connected, are made of such length that when the keys are in their raised positions,
the rods C¹ are vertical or practically so. The type bars D, which are arranged
in a circle around the inner part of the head B, are each pivoted at one end to a
ring or segmental piece of wire D*, the type or character D', being carried on the
other or free end. Each type bar is formed with a projection D2 to which one end
of the corresponding toggle bar C³ is connected. Each type bar D is also provided
near its pivot with a cam piece D³ bent out of the plane of the bar D and adapted
to engage with a corresponding projection E° on the upper face of the oscillating
wheel E as shewn to a larger scale in Fig. 7. This wheel which is supported
around its centre and on the bottom of the head B, has a central aperture E¹
through which the type on the ends of the bars D project when depressed for
printing and which aperture serves to guide the type and keep them in truth. The
cam pieces D serve by engaging either the said projections E on the wheel E, to
turn the said wheel slightly and to a predetermined extent each time a type bar is
operated, substantially in the manner described in the Specification of former
Letters Patent granted to us Nos. 246; 4556; and 6581; all of A.D. 1884. The
toggle bars C are pivoted upon a ring or segmental piece of wire B² held in a
groove formed in and between projections bb' on the lower and intermediate sections
respectively of the head B as shewn.
To operate the type bars, the key corresponding to the letter or character it is
desired to impress, is depressed, whereby the toggles connected to the rod C¹ thereof
are forced into line, thus causing the end attached to the corresponding type bar to
move outward, throwing the type bar into the nearly horizontal position shewn in
Fig. 6 and causing the type carried thereby to strike the paper or material to be
impressed or printed. At the same time the cam piece D³ on the type bar acts
against the corresponding projection E° on the wheel E and partly rotates this
wheel to a determined extent depending upon the size of the character carried
by the type bar operated. The motion of the wheel is utilized in the manner
hereinafter described for effecting the feed of the material to be impressed or
printed.
The keys after being depressed, are raised by springs B³ connected at one end
to a ring or segmental piece of wire B' carried between the intermediate and upper
sections of the head B, and at the other end to the corresponding toggle bar C',
there being one spring to each pair of toggles.
The action of these springs may be supplemented if desired by springs B³ each
attached at one end to a hook B on the upper section of the head B, and at the
other end directly to the type bar D near the projection D³.
For varying the depth of the impressions produced in the matrix material, the
head B is carried on vertically adjustable supports B' by which it can be raised or
lowered relatively to the matrix material. Or the support for the matrix material
may if desired be made adjustable for the same purpose. As the types always
project the same distance through the aperture E' in the ring E, it will be evident
that the depth of the impression will vary with the distance of the matrix material
from the said aperture, which depends on the relative height of the head B or of
the said matrix supports.
F and G are longitudinal rotary shafts, the latter being formed with a screw of
coarse pitch. H is a carrier for a plate H¹ to support the paper or material to be
impressed or printed; it is mounted to slide transversely on the end bars of a
longitudinally movable frame H*. A step by step motion, to form lines of words,
is imparted to the carrier from the wheel E through the shaft F and a toothed
wheel F2 (Fig. 4) that directly engages with a rack H2 on the underside of the
carrier. The toothed wheel F is free to slide longitudinally on the shaft F, but is
rotatably connected therewith by feathers that take into longitudinal feather-ways F³
in the said shaft. The said wheel is thus free to follow the longitudinal movements

page_text: of the carrier frame H* which it is caused to do by a bracket H³ thereon and
between which bracket and the said frame it is situated.
An intermittent step by step rotary motion is imparted from the wheel E to the
shaft F for the purpose mentioned by the following mechanism. E' is a roughened
or serrated friction wheel fixed on an axle supported at one end in the head of the
machine and at the other end in a support A*. This wheel E' is acted on by a pair
of pawls clamps or grippers e carried in a four armed rocking frame E³ enclosing
the wheel E, the said friction wheel having on its axle à toothed wheel E' gearing
with a wheel F¹ on the shaft F. The frame E³ is caused to rock in one direction
by a projecting finger E* carried by the oscillating wheel E, and is drawn back after
this movement by a spring E, the clamps or grippers e engaging the wheel E² in
this backward movement and causing its partial rotation and thereby that of the
shaft F. To cause the clamps or grippers e to engage the wheel E² at the proper
time, they are mounted on short axles e passing through the nearly horizontal arms
of the rocking frame E³. These axles carry short arms e connected by rods e
with the corresponding pair of arms e of a three armed lever e* pivoted to the
lower arm of the frame E³, and to the other arm e of which three armed lever the
spring E is connected. The finger E* is also arranged to act directly against
the said arme. By the means described, motion of the finger E* caused by the
movement of the oscillating wheel E in one direction, and the pull of the spring E
in the opposite direction, are transmitted to the lever e*, so as to cause it to rock
on its pivot before actuating the rocking frame E³, the finger E* moving the
lever e in such a direction as to lift the clamps or grippers
e off the wheel E'
before acting on the frame E³, while the action of the spring E' first causes the
pivoted piece e to rock in the opposite direction to press the grippers e on the
wheel E, and then to move the frame E3 backward so as to partially rotate
the wheel E and thereby the shaft F through the wheels E and F¹.
To regulate the spacing between the letters or characters to be impressed or
printed, and also to render the movement of the frame E³ somewhat sluggish, the
upper arm of the said frame is connected, as shewn, to a sliding bar E adapted to
move longitudinally with a certain amount of friction, due to the pressure on it of
a spring e', in a bracket E' secured to the head B. The movement of this bar to
the left is limited by an adjustable screw stop E³ whereby the backward movement
imparted to the frame E3 by the spring E³ and consequently the amount of rotation
of the wheel E2 and shaft I can be regulated as desired.
To return the carrier H to its starting position, the shaft F must be rotated in
the opposite direction to the arrow (Fig. 2). An arrangement for this purpose is
shewn in Figs. 8 and 84. It comprises a handle G³ fixed to a shaft g provided with
an army through a hole in the end of which passes a cord wound round a pulley f¹
on the shaft F. As this shaft is rotated to move the carrier sidewise as hereinbefore
described, the cord f is wound upon the pulley f¹ until when a line of impressions
has been completed, a button f2 on the lower end of the cord comes in contact with
the arm g'. Then upon the handle G³ being depressed, it causes the army to move
downward, drawing the cord off the pulley f¹, and rotating the shaft F so as to
bring the carrier H to its starting position.
A brake of any known or suitable kind may be provided to overcome the
momentum of the carrier after each movement thereof into position to receive an
impression. This brake may conveniently be a lever one arm of which is caused
to act on the wheel E' by the spacing mechanism, during the return movement of
the said mechanism, in the manner now about to be described with reference to
the modified arrangement of feeding mechanism shewn in Fig. 9.
In this arrangement the wheel E is fixed to the shaft F and has a roughened or
finely serrated edge or rim. E' is a bar which carries a piece E10 having a corre-
sponding roughened or serrated lower surface. The bar E is pivoted at one end
to a bar E arranged to slide in a bearing E' fixed to the frame A*; at its other
end the bar E' is provided with an inclined slot E" into which takes a pin E
carried by the finger E* carried by the oscillating wheel E. e is a spring

page_text: arranged to press upon the bar E and prevent it moving freely in its bearing E7.
E is a lever pivoted to the frame A* shewn in Figs. 1 and 2. The upper arm of
this lever carries an adjustable stop E" arranged in the path of the bar Eº; the
lower arm of the lever serves as a brake shoe for the wheel E². The arrangement
is such that when the finger E* moves in the direction of the arrow, caused by the
depression of one of the type bars D, the pin E12 first lifts the bar E³ by reason
of the inclined slot E", into the position shewn in dotted lines in which position
it is free from contact with the wheel E2. The pin E then forces the bars E'
and E to the left to an extent depending upon the width of the letter or character
being impressed or printed. When the finger E* and connected wheel E return in
the opposite direction under the action of the spring E' connected thereto, the
bar E first falls from its upper to its lower position, and into contact with the
wheel E, to which the remainder of the motion of the finger and wheel is then
imparted to operate the shaft F and advance the carrier H as before for the
impression or printing of the next letter or character. As the bar E' approaches
the end of its travel to the right it acts against stop E" carried by the upper arm
of the brake lever and so forces the lower arm of this lever into contact with the
periphery of the wheel E thereby overcoming the momentum of the carrier H
which is connected with the said wheel.
Longitudinal motion is imparted to the frame H* and thus to the carrier H, to
form lines of words, by the screw threaded shaft G. This shaft G passes (Fig. 4)
through a projecting portion H of the carrier frame H* which carries a set
screw H that engages in the thread of the shaft so that a longitudinal movement
will be imparted to the carrier frame when the shaft is rotated.
An arrangement whereby the shaft G can be rotated at the required times for
the purpose mentioned, is shewn in Figs. 8 and 8 which are respectively an end
elevation of the machine and a detail view. G is a key or lever mounted to turn
on the axle of the serrated wheel g³, on which axle is fixed a toothed wheel g³
gearing with a pinion on the shaft G. The lever G₁ carries a spring pawl or
gripper G which engages with the roughened surface of the wheel when the
lever is moved downwards, but slides freely over it without engaging, when the
lever moves upwards, which it does when released, by the action of a coiled
spring G surrounding the axle on which the lever is mounted. The distance
between the lines may be regulated by adjusting the stroke of the lever G* by a
suitable bar or stop Go carried by a slotted adjustable support G7.
The bar or stop G also serves to lift the pawl or gripper out of engagement with
the wheel when the lever G is in its upper position.
The handle G is preferably adapted to actuate the lever Gʻthrough the medium
of an arm fixed on the shaft g and connected by a chain g with the said
lever G. By this means when the handle G³ is operated to return the carrier to
its starting position, the key G will be operated to move the carrier longitudinally
into position to commence a fresh line.
Figs. 10 and 11 are elevations at right angles to each other and Fig. 12 is a plan
illustrating another arrangement for bringing the carrier H into position for com-
mencing a fresh line after the completion of the preceding line. J is a key con-
nected to a sliding piece J' arranged to slide vertically in a guide J³. J'is a second
sliding piece arranged to slide in the guide J³ with a certain amount of friction so
as to be somewhat sluggish in its action, and provided at opposite sides with inclined
slots into which take pins on the sliding piece J₁. When the key J is
depressed, the pins j' move downward in the slots i owing to the sluggish action of
the piece J which piece is thus forced to the right, Fig. 11, and into position to
engage one or both of the wheels F, G mounted respectively on the shafts F
and G. In the continued downward movement of the key J, the piece J' is
depressed as indicated in dotted lines, and first rotates the wheel F thus causing
the shaft F through the wheel F and rack H* (Fig. 4) to move the carrier H in
a backward direction to the beginning of a line. The piece J2 also rotates the
wheel G and causes the screw threaded shaft G to move the carrier longitudinally

page_text: into position for the next line. The parts connected with the key J are raised,
after being depressed, by a spiral spring J. At the commencement of this upward
motion, the piece J' is moved to the left so as to be clear of the wheels F and G
A screw stop J' is provided to regulate the downward movement of the sliding
piece J* and thus the space between the lines. The wheels F and G' instead of
being fixed directly upon the respective shafts F and G may be connected
therewith by a train of change wheels.
To prevent the grippers e interfering with the return movement of the carrier,
an arm on a rock shaft is arranged to bear on the right hand arme of the
lever e. On the said shaft j³, which is encircled by a spring the tendency of
which is to depress the said arm j, is another arm . When the arrangement
shown in Figs. 8 and 8^ is used the arm carries a vertical extension or rod that
is normally supported so as to hold the arm off the arm e, by a lever g' on the
shaft 9, as shown in side and plan views in Figs. 8 and 8°. When the arrangement
shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 is used the arm is arranged to bear upon the top of
the sliding piece J'. The arrangement in each case is such that when the handle G³,
or the sliding piece J', as the case may be, is depressed, the shaft will be caused
by the action of its spring to turn sufficiently to cause the piece to act on the
right hand arm e' of the lever and to rock the said lever on its pivot sufficiently
to lift the gripper e out of action and prevent them interfering with the movement
of the carrier H while the handle G³ or key J is being depressed. When the
handle G³ or the sliding piece J' returns to its upper normal position, the lever g' in
the one case, and the top of the sliding piece J' in the other, act upon the arm j
so as to lift the arm j from the said arm e¹.
For the purpose of moving the carrier frame H rapidly in a longitudinal
direction, the shaft G is provided at one extremity with a bevel wheel G₁ adapted
to gear with a bevel wheel I that is mounted loosely on a short stud I' and is acted
on by a spring I which normally keeps it out of engagement with the wheel G'.
By depressing the wheel I however it can be readily put into gear with the said
wheel G¹ and at the same time can be rotated by a handle 13, with which
it is provided, thereby permitting of a rapid rotation of the shaft G and a
correspondingly rapid movement of the carrier frame H* and the carrier H.
To indicate the position of the character being impressed or printed relatively
to the line it is in, there is provided a graduated scale K (Figs. 1 and 5) which is
arranged to slide in suitable guides K. This scale is provided on its underside
with a rack K* that corresponds with the rack H³ (Fig. 4) of the carrier, and
engages a toothed wheel F, corresponding with the toothed wheel F* fixed on the
shaft F. By this means the movements of the scale K are made to correspond
with the transverse movements of the carrier H, so that when it is desired to
justify the line, the amount of the line which has been completed can be readily
ascertained by observing the position of the said scale relatively to a fixed index
or finger K³.
The toothed wheels F, F for moving the carrier H and justification scale K
respectively, are each of the kind known in clock and watch manufacture as
"maintaining wheels," that is to say they are each made in two parts arranged
side by side and connected by a spring or springs so that the one part tends to
partly rotate in relation to the other and thereby prevent all looseness or backlash
between them and the rack into which they gear, as well understood.
To indicate the line that is being printed, and to facilitate the return of the
carrier to its proper position should it have been removed to permit inspection or
correction of the work, the shaft G is provided with a worm G* that gears with
a worm wheel L* connected with a graduated disc L. This disc is mounted to
turn on a stationary spindle carrying a fixed pointer or finger L₁ which projects
radially over the upper graduated face of the disc. L' is a clip carried on a radial
arm beneath the said disc and arranged to grip the edge of the disc with a certain
amount of friction. As the shaft G is rotated in moving the carrier H for the
consecutive lines, iticauses the disc L.to, revolve, the clip being prevented from

page_text: revolving with it by coming in contact with the fixed finger or pointer L'. When
however the shaft G is rotated in the opposite direction for the purpose of with-
drawing the work, the clip. L' moves with the disc L, which also turns in the
opposite direction, and away from the fixed pointer L'. Thus when again returning
the work to recommence impressing the characters, the proper position can be
readily obtained by observing when the clip L is again brought into contact with
the pointer L'.
When a machine constructed as hereinbefore described is to be employed for
producing. stereotype matrices, paper pulp or other suitable matrix material is
placed on the plate H¹ of the carrier H so that by actuating the keys C the type
bars D cause the type to strike on the said matrix material and to impress therein
their respective characters. After the material has been sufficiently impressed, it
is removed from the carrier H and dried, preferably in a vacuum, after which
castings in type metal for printing are taken from it in the usual manner.
When typewriting is to be produced, a sheet of paper is laid on the plate H' of
the carrier and the characters are impressed as before by depressing the corre-
sponding keys C, a suitable inking apparatus being provided to ink the type, or a
sheet of carbon paper may be spread over or placed above the paper on the
plate H.
↓
A suitable arrangement of inking apparatus is shewn separately in plan and
cross section in Figs. 13 and 14.
This apparatus comprises a number of inking rollers M each journalled in a
frame N pivoted at N¹ to bearings carried by the head B of the machine. Each
frame N is provided at opposite sides with downwardly extending arms N' connected
by a curved bar P, of wedge shape in cross section, arranged in the path of
adjustable tappets Q carried by the stems C¹ of the outer row of keys C. The
arms N' are each formed with a horizontal extension N³, the two extensions being
connected by another curved .bar P¹ of wedge shape in cross section, arranged in
the path of adjustable tappets Q1 secured to the stem C₁ of the inner row of keys.
R is a support for the frames N and the inking rollers carried thereby. The
arrangement is such that when a key C is depressed the corresponding type D'
strikes against its inking roller M. whilst the saine is being lifted out of the path of
the type bar by the action of the tappet on the key stem against the upper side of
the corresponding projection P or P¹ on the frame, as indicated in dotted lines, and
whilst the type bar is being returned into its upper normal position, the inking
roller is again lifted out of the path of the type bar by the action of the said tappet
upon the underside of the corresponding projection. D'is a ring of elastic material
secured to the head B and serving as a cushion for the type bars D'
To enable double line and special characters to be impressed or printed and lines
to be ruled, there is provided, preferably at the left hand side of the machine as
shewn in Figs. 1 and 3, a socket O mounted to slide in a bracket O' and adapted to
receive the special type. A suitable device such as a lever O' is provided by which
the said socket O can be depressed to cause the type fixed therein by the screw 0³
to impress its character on the matrix or paper. A suitable spring (not shown) is
provided to raise the socket after it has been depressed, and a pin O' working in a
slot in the bracket, O' serves to prevent the socket from turning.
When lines are to be ruled, a small ruling wheel carried in a suitable frame may
be mounted in the said socket so that it can be caused to bear upon the material to
be impressed, when a line can be ruled by moving the carrier H in the proper
direction by rotating the shaft For G, as the case may be, for ruling transverse or
longitudinal straight lines, or by rotating both shafts simultaneously for ruling
diagonal or curved lines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine for producing stereotype matrices or typewriting, the combination

page_text: with a carrier for the material to be impressed or printed, of feeding mechanisn
for imparting a step by step movement to said carrier to form lines. of words
comprising a rocking frame provided with pawls clamps or grippers adapted to
engage with or grip a wheel connected through gearing with the said carrier, and
lever pivoted to the said frame, this lever being connected with the said pawl
clamps or grippers and with a spring, and being arranged to be operated in one
direction from the type operating mechanism, the arrangement being such that on
the depression of a type bar, the pawls clamps or grippers are first moved out of
contact with the wheel and then moved partly around the same, and on the return
movement of the type bar, the pawls clamps or grippers are caused by the action
of a spring to first move into contact with the wheel, and then to partly rotate
the same and move the carrier into position for the material thereon to receive a
fresh impression, substantially as hereinbefore described, with or without an
adjustable stop for regulating the extent of rotary movement of the frame for the
purpose mentioned.
2. In a machine for producing stereotype matrices or typewriting, the combination
with the carrier for the material to be impressed or printed, of the modifiedl
construction of feeding mechanism shown in and described with reference to Fig. 9,
an adjustable stop for directly regulating the movement of the feeding mechanism
in one direction, and a brake arranged to be operated by the said feeding mechanism
and to act against a wheel connected with the said carrier for the purpose of
overcoming the momentum thereof as set forth.
3. In a machine for producing stereotype matrices or typewriting, the combination
with the carrier for the material to be impressed or printed, and means for imparting
step by step rotary movement thereto to form lines of words, of mechanism for
returning the carrier to its starting position, comprising a rotary shaft g provided
with an arm through a hole in which passes a cord or chain f that is wound on a
pulley fixed to the shaft for operating the said carrier and is provided with a button
or stop, the arrangement being such that upon the completion of a line the
button or stop comes into contact with the said arm so that upon then depressing
the arm by partly rotating the shaft g, the cord is unwound from the pulley and
the carrier returned to its starting position substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. In a machine for producing stereotype matrices or typewriting, the combination
with a carrier H, a frame H* and means for moving the carrier transversely on the
frame, of a screw threaded shaft G for moving the said frame and carrier in a
longitudinal direction, and mechanism for intermittently rotating the said shaft,
comprising a key or lever such as G mounted to turn about the axis of a serrated
wheel fixed to or geared with the said shaft, and provided with a spring pawl or
gripper adapted to engage with the said wheel when moved in one direction, and
with a spring for automatically moving it in the reverse direction, and an adjustable
stop for regulating the movement of the key substantially as herein before
described.
5. The combination with the screw threaded shaft G referred to in the preceding
claim, and a bevel toothed wheel fixed thereto, of a second bevel toothed wheel, a
spring whereby the last mentioned wheel is normally held out of gear with the
first, a handle, the arrangement being such that the second toothed wheel can by
means of the handle be forced into gear with the first against the action of the
spring for the purpose of rapidly rotating the first wheel and the shaft connected
therewith substantially as described and shown.
6. In a machine for producing stereotype matrices or typewriting constructed
with a carrier H, a toothed wheel F and a shaft F for moving the carrier
transversely, and feeding mechanism for imparting an intermittent rotary motion to
the said shaft, a justification scale K, a toothed wheel F' on the shaft Farranged
to move the justification scale transversely in a corresponding manner to the carrier,
and a fixed pointer or index K* substantially as hereinbefore described for the
purpose specified.
7. In a machine for producing stereotype matrices or typewriting, the combination

page_text: with the shaft for imparting a longitudinal motion to the carrier to form successive
lines, of means for indicating the longitudinal position of the carrier comprising a
graduated disc such as L geared with the said shaft and provided with a clip L²
capable of sliding thereon, and a fixed pointer or finger L' arranged to prevent
movement of the clip with the disc in one direction substantially as hereinbefore
described.
8. In a machine for producing type-writing, the combination with the type bars
carrying types, and the type operating mechanism, of inking apparatus comprising
a number of inking rollers each carried by a pivoted frame provided with arms
carrying projections arranged in the path of tappets carried by the stems of the
corresponding finger keys, the arrangement being such that as a type is depressed
it is first brought into contact with its corresponding inking roller, which is then
raised out of the path of the type by the action of the corresponding tappet on
the supporting frame of the roller, and when the type is returned to its normal
position the said roller is again raised out of its path as shewn and hereinbefore
described.
9. A machine for producing stereotype matrices or typewriting, provided in
addition to the ordinary type & type actuating mechanism with a vertically movable
cup or socket such as for carrying either special characters or a ruling wheel, and
with means such as a lever for depressing the cup or socket and the character or
wheel carried thereby substantially as described and shewn.
10. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved machine
for producing stereotype matrices, constructed arranged and operating substantially
as herein before described with reference to, and shewn in Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive of
the drawings annexed; or modified by the substitution of the mechanism illustrated
in Figs. 10, 11 and 12; and whether with or without inking apparatus whereby the
machine is adapted for type writing.
Dated this 9th day of March 1800
THOMAS GEORGE DAW.
HILDER DAW.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.