IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONDUCTION OR TRANSMISSION OF FLUIDS, AND IN THE MEANS, APPARATUS OR MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOR." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Flamwell Bare and John Thomson, both
of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Merchants, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONDUCTION OR
TRANSMISSION OF FLUIDS, AND IN THE MEANS, APPARATUS OR MECHANISM
EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Flamwell Bare
and John Thomson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 12th October 1867.
We, ROBERT FLAMWELL BARE and JOHN THOMSON, both of the City of
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark. North Britain, Merchants, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
CONDUCTION OR TRANSMISSION OF FLUIDS, AND IN THE MEANS, APPARATUS, OR
MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOB," to be as follows, that is to say:
IN THE
The said Invention has for its object improvements in the conduction or
transmission of fluids required in the various operations and branches of the
industrial arts and manufactures, and in the consumption or use of gases and
liquids for general and particular or for public and private social purposes, by
Pin SI

page_text: the use of new or improved consiructions or arrangements of valves, taps,
conduits, and other details for and in connection with these. whereby the
fluids required, as before stated. may in many respects and circumstances be
more conveniently, safely, and economically conveyed as desired than they
have been in the manner and by the means heretofore used.
The most essential feature of this said Invention consists in the introduction
or use of a valve and valve seat or chamber having a screw or other coupling.
recess, or projection formed at its outer end or extremity for attaching the lap
or other conduit for drawing off the fluid. where it is firmly screwed or
otherwise secured fluid and pressure tight to or through the particular parl
or portion of the cask. cistern, chamber, conduit, jar. or other vessel from
which it is desired to draw off or convey away the fluid. whether gaseous or
liquid, having the valve so fitted within the seat as to be always pressed fluid:
tight against its bearing face to prevent leakage by the action of a spring.
weight, incline, or screw action. or by the weight or buoyancy of the valve
itself, or by the pressure within the vessel. In some cases. as when the
vessel is subjected to transit and motion, or variations of pressure within, a
further security. in addition to the said loaded valve. may be adopted by
locking the valve. or fixing it with a loose screw attached by a chain, or
otherwise near the valve to prevent its being lost when not in use. or by
closing up the outer orifice by a stopper of cork or other material: any of
these additional fastenings being sealed up when desired to prevent tampering
with the valve or the contents of the vessel. When it is desired to draw off
or conduct away the fluid from the vessels fitted with these valves the outer
seals are broken and the locks or screw fastenings to the valves. as the case
may be, when used are unfastened, the tap fitted to the screw coupling is
screwed on. and it is formed and fitted so that it enters the valve seat and
closes up the outlet passage on its first entrance or turning. and afterwards
before it is screwed home into its seat or fixed bearing. either pushes. draws.
or turns the valve open against the power of the spring, weight. or other
mechanical power or action employed to keep the valve shut. When the
improved combined valve and tap so fitted as described is then ready for
drawing off the fluid from the vessel or conduit to which the valve is fitted
at any desired rate by the turning or opening of the tap in the usual manner.
Any ordinary construction of tap, cock, valve. crane. or nozzle heretofore
used for the drawing off of the fluids, may be thus fitted to such an arrangement
of valve and chamber in accordance with the said Tavention by altering
making the coupling part, and the motion of insertion and coupling open the
valve before it has been screwed home or otherwise finally fixed or coupled.

page_text: which, combined with the said arrangement of valve, constitutes the main
feature of novelty in the modification of the Invention herein so far described,
and generally applicable to the drawing off of all kinds of fluids, and any
kind of coupling joint now employed or suitable for the coupling of taps,
pipes, and hose in a portable and expeditious manner, as well as the simple
screw coupling named will answer for this improved arrangement of duplex
valve, or valve and cock, provided its lateral, forward, or turning motion in
The
coupling the two parts is caused to open the valve as before described.
form of the valve chamber, cock, or nozzle, and the metal of which they are
made, and the mode of jointing the vessel or valve chamber to the conduit,
from which the fluid has to be drawn off, may all be executed in any of the
usual manners at present in use for conducting like fluids from or through
similar vessels or conduits at similar temperatures and pressures, or in similar
circumstances and operations generally; premised, however, that it is
generally preferred to use the round form of valve and chamber projecting
within the vessel, screwed at its neck into the body of the vessel, or if
desired into the removable lid or stopper of the same, with a flange or collar
to insure a fluid-tight joint, or otherwise to be portably so screwed into a
mere flange or hollow screwed socket, more permanently secured into the
vessels by soldering, screwing, riveting, cementing, or otherwise as considered
best; or in the case of small vessel, bottles, or jars the stopper itself might be
made to form the valve seat, or the hollow ring to receive the valve seat, with
or without an elastic surface or band round its outer circumference as
required. By this means as both the valve chamber and its tap, cock, nozzle,
or detachable portable conduit for opening the valve and conducting the fluid
therefrom have only to be coupled by screws or inclined grooves, or screw
pins or bolts. and therefore require no striking or other severe force applied
to them to make tight joints. They may, in many circumstances. with great
advantage for chemical and brewing purposes be made of glass. porcelain, or
some of the soft metals, or be capable of being made so light as to allow of
their being made of some of the valuable metals which are more free from
corrosion than the baser metals: and as no driving head on these simple
coupling taps is required they may have a ground conical or face screw, or
spring plug or valve working by preference in a nearly direct line with the
outlet passage in the stem, through a stuffing box near the position of the
former driving head of the cock above the crane or nozzle outlet.
By another modification this straight plug' may act only as a spring or
screw pin or lever, with a knob or handle outside for opening the valve
against the power of its spring or other equivalent by pushing it in or

page_text: screwing or turning it round: after screwing or coupling on the crane or
nozzle, which in this case would not open the valve. but leave it to serve
the purpose of the actual outlet. secondary tap, or valve placed in the crane
or nozzle of the former modifications described. The flow or outlet of the
fluid in this case being regulated by the action of the spindle described for
doing so, the handle projecting out through a stuffing-box. For drawing off
fluids at various heights or positions from the same vessel to suit their density,
specific gravity, or other purpose two or more of the said valve chambers may
be fitted as described at the heights or positions desired, and the same cock or
nozzle, or one for each as desired may be attached, or coupled to the outer
coupling orifice of the valve and so draw off the fluid at the heights desired;
and as all the coupling parts of the valve chambers would be made of the
same form or construction. and numbered for every given or particular size of
valve to suit the taps, cranes, nozzles, or pipes of the same size and number
of valves, any corresponding size and number of tap, crane, nozzle, or pipe at
land would always fit any valve coupling.
Any of these arrangements of valves and portable taps or cranes would be
most valuable for the drawing off of all kinds of wines, spirits, malt liquors,
and other liquids which are moved about in casks or other vessels, which
having the valve seats or chambers fitted to them could have the liquids
drawn off at the places to which the vessels were removed by inserting the
taps kept in hand for the purpose, and save the present trouble and annoy-
ance of all sizes of corked holes for drawing off the liquid in the vessels.
Some modifications of these duplex valves or cranes would be most
serviceable for supplying water to public wells, domestic baths, and cisterns,
and other analogous purposes, in which cases the valves would by preference
be made nearly in equilibrium on the double beat or face principle, or
equivalent therefor, according to the pressure within the main pipes. Hose
and service pipes may also be made with a coupling stem or socket at one
end and a loaded valve and coupling valve chamber at the other end, so that
any such pipes, hose, or conduits so fitted could be attached to the valve on
the vessel or main pipe, and any number of such service or other pipes so
fitted with coupling stems and valves might in succession be coupled to each
other and convey the fluid from one to the other in succession as coupled
without loss, and an outlet tap, valve, crane, or other nozzle piece be attached
at the extreme end to deliver the fluid as desired. This arrangement would
be most useful where dangerous gases. high-pressure steam or water, hot or
valuable liqueurs, wines, or malt liquors have to be conveyed to various dis-
tances from the source of supply or power without danger to the persons

page_text: employed or waste of the fluids being conducted. When the vessels have to
be exhausted. emptied, or their contents discharged through the conduits or
pipes below the pressure without the vessels the valves are preferred to open
outwards, so that on removing the eduction end of the tap or drawing off
pipe the pressure would tend to keep the valve tightly shut.
Although these improved arrangements of duplex valves, or valves and taps,
and pipes have been mainly described for the eduction and conducting or trans-
mitting of fluids from vessels, yet still it will be obvious that they are equally
applicable for the conveyance and induction of fluids into vessels, and will
charge these with any pressure possessed by the fluid conveyed within the
said pipes from the source of supply, and the simple withdrawal or uncoupling
of the tap at the end of the conveying pipe or the end of the pipe itself, or
other nozzle fitted to it, would require in this application to open the valve
on entering in the same manner as the exhausting or drawing off end of the
taps and nozzles did, as described in the former application and modifications.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Flamwell Bare and John Thomson in the Great
Seal Patent Oflice on the 9th April, 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
FLAMWELL BARE and JOHN THOMSON, both of the City of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Merchants, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of
Her reign, did. for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Robert Flamwell Bare and John Thomson, Her special licence
that we, the said Robert Flamwell Bare and John Thomson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert Flamwell
Bare and John Thomson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with. and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use. exercise. and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland. the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONDUCTION OR TRANSMISSION OF FLUIDS, AND IN THE
MEANS, APPARATUS, OR MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOR," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Robert Flamwell Bare and John Thomson,

page_text: Baré & Thomson's Impts, in the Conduction or Transmission of Fluids, &c.
our executors or administrators, by an insuument in writing under our. or
their, or one of their hands and seals. should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Flamwell Bare and John
Thomson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and numerals marked thereon,
that is to say:-
Our said Invention has for its object improvements in the conduction or
transmission of fluids required in the various operations and branches of the
industrial arts and manufactures, and in the consumption and use of gases
and liquids for general and particular, or public and private social purposes,
by the use of new and improved constructions or arrangements of valves, taps,
conduits, and other details for and in connection with these, whereby the
fluids required as before stated may in many respects and circumstances be
more conveniently, safely, and economically conveyed as desired than they
have been in the manner and by the means heretofore used.
In order that our said Invention may be properly understood and per-
formed or put into practice we will now proceed to describe the several
illustrative Figures upon the two Sheets of explanatory Drawing which we
have hereunto appended for the purpose of showing many of the best modi-
fications and means in reference thereto which we are at present aware of, for
carrying our said Invention or improvements into practice; the same reference
letters and numerals being employed to indicate the same or similar parts in
all the Figures.
Figures and 2 are a longitudinal vertical section and end view te-
spectively of a valve as fitted to part of a cask or other vessel, all sealed up
as ready for transit and protection with the fluid within it. constructed in
accordance with and illustrative of one modification of our improvements or
Invention as fitted with a long rose ended tapping cock of nearly the usual
construction, except that it is of a proper length, and has a parallel screw and
shoulder, so that it fits. enters, and closes up the open end of the valve seat
before opening the valve therein, so as to draw off the fluid without dis-
turbance or loss, and with great convenience and despatch.
Figures and 4 are respectively a longitudinal and transverse vertical

page_text: section of the same arrangement complete. with the tap placed as in the
position for drawing off the fluid, the transverse section being inken on the
line 1. 1. in Figure 3.
Referring to Figures
1
lo 4 the most essential feature of novelty in our
said Invention consists in the introduction or use of a valve a and valve seat
or chamber A. having a screw or other equivalent coupling recess A¹. or it
may be a projection formed at its outer end or extremity for attaching the
fap B or other conduit to for drawing off or conducting the fluid from or to
the cask or other vessel to which this duplex or compound valve a actuating
coupling conduit is fitted. The valve chamber A is firmly screwed or other-
wise secured fluid and pressure tight by any of the simple arrangements shown
in the Drawings. or other equivalent means heretofore in use for securing
valves and pipes to vessels, to or through the particular part or position of the
cask C, or if may be a chamber. cistern. conduit. jar. or other vessel, from
which it is required to draw off or convey the fluid thereto, whether liquid or
gascous, having the valve a so fitted within the seat or chamber A as to be
always pressed or loaded fluid-tight against its bearing face to prevent leakage
by the action of a spring b: or may be a weight. incline. or screw
mechanical action, or by the weight or buoyancy of the valve itself. or by the
pressure within the vessel, or a combination of any of these, all as herein and
to be herein-after specified. In some cases when the vessel as C to which
the valve is fitted is subjected to transit and motion or variations of pressure
within a further security. in addition to the said loading of the valve a may be
adopted by the locking the valve a or fixing it. or the aperture A' with a loose
screw or screw cap. as herein shown and to be described in reference to
Figure 25. or other equivalent means heretofore used for so locking the
orifices or valves and cocks. This screw or cap may be attached by a chain
or otherwise near the valve to prevent its being lost when not in use. or the
outer orifice A' may be closed up by a stopper D. as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
of wood, cork. or other material. This stopper D or any of these additional
fastenings may be sealed up when desired to prevent tampering with the
valve a or the contents of the vessel. When the fluid is to be drawn off or
conducted to or from the vessel C. the outer seal D' is broken, and the lock
or screw fastening of the valve or orifice A'. as the case may be, when such
are used are unfastened, then the coupling stem B' of the tap B, which is
fitted to the screw coupling of the valve chamber. when a screw coupling
is employed. is screwed on the valve chamber A. having the two parts so
formed and fitted that the screw end of the tap or other conduit through
which the fluid is to be conducted from or to the vessel enters or is coupled

page_text: to the valve chamber A. closes all escape through the outlet passage of the
coupling B' on its first entrance and turning or coupling, and afterwards
before it is screwed or secured home into its seat or fixed bearing with the
collar B up against the end of the valve chamber, pushes the valve a open
against the power of the spring b. or it might be made to draw or to turn or
screw the valve open against the power of a weight or other tightening force
which may be employed, to be herein-after more fully described, for keeping
the valve shut.
The improved combined valve and actuating coupling tap so fitted as
shown and described in reference to Figure 3 is then ready for drawing off
the fluid from the vessel, as indicated by the arrows through the open slits A.
or it might be small rose holes in the outer case A into the open space round
and into the rose end B' of the tap B at any desired rate, by the turning or
opening of the tap in the usual manner. The valve chamber A in this
modification is shown as screwed into the permanent flanged seating
of the vessel for greater portability and ease of removal when the cask
has to be severely cleaned by gravel or otherwise which might injure it for
the seating and valve, being further secured by screw bolts through other
flanges, as shown at C. C.
Figures 5 and 6 are vertical sections of modifications of our said Invention
more compact and suitable for a larger class of vats or vessels, cocks, and
conduits, than those described in reference to Figures 1 and 4. while they are
also equally suitable for small sizes of valves. The valves a in these two
modifications are of the lid class: the first shown as a ground valve, and the
second formed with an india-rubber disc or ring with the pressure inside the
vessel as at ("tending to keep them close, and having solid stems a working
in bridge guides in the valve seats A2. so as to be drawn out of springs b
close upon their seat, acting on caps b' on the end of the stems a. having the
spring either acting near the stem or out near the circumference of the
valve chamber A, the cap b' being shown open in the form of a rose in
Figure 6. These valves may either have roses c attached to the inner end of
the valve seat A enclosing the valve lid a. which may have a second stem a*
working through the rose or not as desired. and when so fitted with a rose the
springs may be placed so as to act on the back of the valve lid instead of
being in front. as just described, and the valve chamber A may either be
formed in two parts, the inner seat by preference being formed of good brass.
and the outer heavy flanged part of iron for cheapness; or the whole may be
formed of brass or other good metal or material to resist all general corrosion.
and be secured to the vessel by screwing them into its side or not, and

page_text: having screw nails or pins passed through the flanges either with or without
the tightening screw C on the inside. as desired, in the form of a nut or
screw metal flanged seating permanently secured to the inside of the vessel,
instead of on the outside, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, for the purpose of
easily screwing the valve chamber A into or out of the seat and vessel when
such is required for the convenience of cleaning the vats or other vessels fitted
with them. In these two modifications the valve is pushed open against the
power of the springs by screwing in the short coupling open end B' of the
tap B. or it may be the coupling end of a pipe or hose, so that the internal
short rose B' or 'either attached to the end of the tap B or to the stem a' of
the valve; or these roses may be dispensed with, and a bridge b, dotted in
Figure 5, across the open end of the coupling B', having a projecting pin or
not. as desired, either acting against the end of the spindle a' or cap on its
outer end.
Figures 7. 8. and 9 are vertical sections of arrangements of our improved
valves and actuating coupling ducts and parts, in which the valves a, which
are also of the disc class with the pressure on their back, are large in diameter
and therefore require to be moved but a short distance for the quantity of
fluid required to be passed through the actuating end B' of their duct
coupling or tap B, which may or may not require to turn round as desired;
as the mere turning and screwing on of the loose coupling ring B³ upon the
outside screwed projecting stém A' moves in the valve a open against the
power of the spring b in making a tight joint with the valve chamber A,
which in these instances is passed through the side C of the cistern from the
inside and secured by the nuts C on the outside. In Figure 7 the valve á
is shown as coupled and acting on a soft metal seat set into the face of the
chamber A3, in which the stem a' slides, in this case made tubular; and the
rose holes c' through which the fluid flows to or from the valve are formed in
the casing c made in one piece with the chamber A, the valves a and springs.b
being retained in position by the screw cap In Figure 8 the valve a
is shown as a double disc with an india-rubber bearing surface caught
between them, guided by the two stems a³, a³, in front and rear with a
perforated hollow disc or seat A2, and when desired the hollow space behind
the seat A might be enclosed by the web A³ to balance part of the pressure on
the back of the large valve a, by having the extra rose holes c" round
it for the fluid to pass through, as indicated in red lines in Figure 8,
and shown properly in Figure 9, the valve lid a of which is formed of
a moving disc of india-rubber held fast at its outer edge by the cap c
and at the centre between the end of the tubular stem a' and the back

page_text: head washer a", the arrows indicating the course of the fluid in passing
out through the valves, cocks, or conduits when open in these and all the
other modifications in the Figures. The ends of the actuating and coupling
tubes B in these arrangements being shown quite tubular, and acting direct
on the tubular ends or the caps of the stems a¹ of the valves to open
them when springs are employed, and with short longitudinal or lateral
projections or feathers, b. b, for actuating them when their surfaces are
screwed.
Figures 10 and 11 are a longitudinal and a transverse section respectively
(the latter taken on the line 1, 1, in the former Figue) of an equilibuim
pressure double-faced valve constructed in accordance with our said improve-
ments suitable for being attached to vessels, steam boilers, or main water
pipes where the great pressure within them would make the lid valves of
the former modifications more or less unsuitable. The valve case A is here
shown as jointed to the shell of a boiler and to the actuating end B' of
a pipe or cock B, as described in reference to Figures 7 and 8: and when
a spring b is employed to close the valve a the dotted bridge on the end B
of the coupling duct presses against the end of the stem and opens the
valve against the power of the spring only. whatever the pressure of the
fluid within the vessel may be, unlike the other arrangements heretofore
described which had the pressure on the back of the valve in addition to
that of the spring: and in this and all former modifications described
when springs b are employed the valve closes by the power of the spring as
the end B of the cock or conduit is withdrawn in uncoupling before it can
be withdrawn, which insures that no loss of the fluid can take place either
in attaching or withdrawing the conveying cock or conduit B by these
improvements. In Figure 10 the valve stem a is shown as screwed into
the end cap c. and the front stem a' is shown at a square at b. and has the
bridge (on the actuating end B' of the cock or duct B and coupling B)
passed over it as a key, so that after the coupling B has been screwed up
the valve may be opened by turning the end B', and closed again before
undoing the coupling B and removing the cock or duct B without escape of
the fluid in either case when it is preferred to open and close the valve a
of the other modifications, herein described in reference to Figures 1 to 8,
without springs, and by turning or coupling the end of their cocks and
conduits B, as described in reference to Figure 10, it is only necessary to
form a screw on the outer periphery of the valve a, or on one of its stems a¹
or a, and on the inner part of the case, chamber or guide in which these
work as at a', and have square projections or recesses formed on the front

page_text: end of the valves or their stems, and on the ends B' of the coupling part of
the taps or ducts B, as at b, b, respectively and indicated in red lines and
letters in these Figures, and in black letters in the modifications where
springs are not used in all the other Figures. Where it is not convenient
to thus turn the end of the cock or duct B to screw the valve a open or
shut by coupling it to the valve seats at A', the end part B' is made in a
separate piece B" and held and turned within and along with a loose coupling
ring B', either by the screw pins e or feather / working in longitudinal grooves f
shown in Figure 7, and in the modifications of screw couplings on Sheet 2,
in which the valve case A and the conduit B to be connected to is not
desired to be turned in coupling them.
Figure 12 is a vertical section and a modification of screw piston valve a,
having ground bearing surfaces formed at the front edge with the seat at A*
on the outside of the annular rose c', so that the turning and screwing in
of the end B' of the cock or duct in coupling it to the valve by the action of
the feathers b with those bon the valve screws it in past the rose. and
vice versa the uncoupling of the cock or duct B screws the valve back close
again just at the position and time it can be withdrawn from the valve seat.
This arrangement would also act well as a compact modification of the arrange-
ments shown in Figures 1 to 4, with the spring b behind the valve, as shown
in red lines, instead of the screw a².
Figure 12 is a sectional elevation of a coupling suited for attaching the
main ends of cocks or ducts B to the chamber of these our improved
arrangements of valves, without displacing or moving either of them, by a
short annular ended piece or duct as B" in Figure 7, so as to make a
rigid and fluid-tight joint where the piece B" requires to turn round and
shift longitudinally in order to open or shut the valve a while coupling it to
the valve seat A as required in the modifications shown in Figures 10 and 12
and most of those having valves worked by the screws b' instead of with
the springs b. The essentially new or improved feature in this coupling for
making joints requiring such motions as described consists in having a
conical or tapered loose ring B slipped over the turned parallel plain or
screwed end of the loose piece B", or it may be over that of the main cock
or conduit B with the tapered outer point or periphery fitted to a corresponding
turned hollow conical surface formed in an enlarged faucet B on the end
of the cock or conduit B, or upon the end of the moveable piece B" when
the ring B is put on the latter B, this ring B by preference having a
solid head for turning and screwing it into the extreme end of the faucet
either with a parallel or slightly tapered screw, but having its extreme conical

page_text: part for making the fluid-tight joint slip up for a considerable distance
longitudinally, or angularly with a thin saw at three or four parts of the
circumference. and either having a ring covering or cupped washer of leather
or other equivalent over both surfaces forming the joint or not as desired;
or the ring B may be cut quite through into pieces and tightened up by
a separate solid ring either screwed into or on the outside of the faucet
piece B', or by a jam nut screwed on the spigot end. whether that is formed
on the end B or B", and when preferred the faucet piece B' may be made
in the form of a ring over both these ends B, B. and be jointed by a split
conical ring B at both ends as desired.
Figure 13 is a sectional elevation showing a simple application of these
improvements in the adaptation of a close valve chamber A for casks to
suit the present mode of corking them at the tapping hole. by driving the
cork into the orifice A' of the chamber A. which is by preference to be
screwed on the inside towards the back end at a behind the annular rose c',
the cock D in this case being made to form the valve a by making the rosc
end B' of the tapping cock B with a thumb ring coupling B to screw liquid
tight into or it might be over the screw neck A' of the chamber. and having
a sharp chisel end d on it, which would push and screw it back again over
and in front of the rose c' by the screwing out of the tap B in much the
same manner and with most of the advantages obtained by the other screw
arrangements described. Either of the forms of valve chamber in
Figures 12 and 13 might be worked with a plain cylindrical surface inside,
with a packed or rolling piston as a valve a, a sectional diagram of the latter
being indicated in Figure 13. by preference formed hollow and having the
rolling india-rubber packing rings 1 and 2 at both ends with an annular
rose call round its back half, which as the piston was rolled and pushed or
screwed in by the action of the end of a cock or duet would cause the first
ring to pass the rose c' of the chamber A. which would allow the fluid
inside to flow out through the piston a. and the duct with a light spring
behind it in the chamber would always roll out the piston and close the
openings as soon as the power exerted on the coupled duct was relieved.
This arrangement would make a good regulating valve easily worked by the
coupling duct directly attached to the valve or piston a instead of to the
vessel as in the former modifications.
Figures 14 and 15 are a longitudinal section and end view respectively of
an arrangement of a tap or key a worked in a cock seat A, having the two
opposite quanters of the key and cock cut through and opening into the
vessel C to which it is fitted, much as described in reference to former Figures

page_text: surrounded by a rose e forming the nut C3 for securing the seat A, which at
the part is coupled to the actuating end B' by two pins and a form of
bayonet joint, making a quarter turn in fixing the two parts A. B', which
opens the cock a, A, as shown in this position by the longitudinal and
lateral projecting pins b. b, on the ends of the key a and duct B', which
again closes the cock or tap a, A, before the duct B' can be removed,
arrangement is also applicable to face valves which open and shut by turning
them round any proportion of their circle into which the openings and blank
spaces of the bearing faces of the valve are divided.
This
Figure 16 is a longitudinal section of a modification much similar to that
shown in Figures I to 5. but shown as fitted with a hinged lid and blade
curved spring behind it, showing the application of the improvements to this
class of valve which are preferred in some circumstances.
Figures 17. 18. and 19 are longitudinal sections of tubular stemmed
valves a, a, designed more particularly for light purposes or the small class
of cocks or conduits. These valves are all shown as shut by springs and
opened by the actuating end B' of the tap or duct B, but they may also all be
opened and shut by the action of screws formed on them, and their seats and
guides when preferred at the parts marked ', and although they are shown
with simple ground lid valves suitable for them when worked by screws
the valve faces may be made when preferred as shown in Figures 6 and 8,
with india-rubber or soft metal faces when springs are employed. In
Figure 17 the rose e' is formed round the casing A behind the face A,
where the fluid passes out through openings or slits formed in the end B¹
of the actuating duct or tap. In Figures 18 and 19 the roses c. c, are not
exposed but formed in the hollow stem a of the valve through which the
fluid only escapes when the valve is open, and in Figure 18 passes first in
at c' and out at e", round the head of the valve and out through the open
duct B'. In Figure 19 the fluid passes direct through the hollow stem a¹ in
front of the valve a.
Figure 20 is a sectional elevation of a compact arrangement of lid valve a
shown with soft metal face and a hollow stem a' working on a stud a projecting
out from the cap so as to form a guide for the valve shown as actuated by
a spring b. but the two guides a, a, might be screwed and the valve opened
and shut when the valve a was turned round by the actuating duct. as described
in reference to Figures 10 to 12.
Figures 21 and 22 are like sections of valves a opened and shut by screw
stems, Figure 21. having a small packed collar on its tubular stem a
working fluid tight in the part of the chamber, and having the duct B¹

page_text: attached direct to it instead of to the chamber A. as shown in the other
modifications, and when so attached the turning of the finger and thumb
arms a screw the valve a open or shut by the jointed parts without loss or
Jeakage thereat. The valve a in Figure 22 is of the outside cup class. and
covers the rose e' formed round the case A. and it is actuated by a square
hole in the bridge b' brought down over it by the inside coupling and jointing
ting B when the turning of the end B opens or shuts the valve by the
jointed parts.
Figure 23 is a longitudinal section showing an arrangement of lid valve
having the pressure on the inside tending to open it having a screw steam d³,
the sea part A¹ having a loose actuating coupling part B jointed down into
it by the coupling ring B³ so that the pins or projections take on to or
between those on the guiding ring of the valve, and consequently when
the coupling end B' of the tap or duct B (which in this case does not require
to turn) is entering into the internal screw of the actuating coupling piece B".
which being also a right-handed screw the turning of the latter B" by its
finger and thumb arms from right to left opens the valve a and couples the
duct B' all tight at the same time. and vice versa turning the part B from
left to right shuts the valve and uncouples the duct B'.
Figure 24 is a longitudinal section of a tap (for drawing off wine, beer, and
for other purposes in the usual manner by driving the cork into the cask)
having a modification of our improved valve and coupling actuating connections
applied thereto. The valve a in this case has its back stem screwed and
guided into the cap with a guiding ring cup and open arms b', a', for the
liquid to pass out through when the valve is open, and on which the
projections 6 are formed, over which those formed on the inner end of the
actuating duct B', which in this case forms the nose of the tap and also suits
for attaching hose to, take and catch so as to screw the valve open and shut
as the duct B' is turned to the right or left respectively, the actuating part B¹
being first inserted and coupled by the loose coupling ring B, as described in
reference to Figures 10 and 11.
Figure 25 is a vertical section of a compact arrangement or modification of
lid valve with two stems a' and a, as shown in Figure 6. having the
spring behind and the rose formed in the end but it might also be
opened and shut by screwing the back or front stem into its guide. In this
arrangement a plug E is shown as screwed on to the stem a' of the valve so as
to hold it liquid-tight and close up the opening in the end of the valve seat A
with a flange and soft washer: or this plug might only be screwed into the
thread at of the seat for coupling the duct B' to, having a hinged

page_text: hasp F to come down over the feather-shaped head for screwing in the plug E
and be locked by a padlock F'; or instead of this outer hasp and padlock the
plug might be made in the form of a hollow box or lock with a keyhole in
front and two bolts inserted which would go into recesses in the side of the
seat A. either of which arrangement of locking mechanism or other equivalent
may be fitted to any of the arrangements of valves where the ducts or
cocks are withdrawn to prevent tampering with the valves or the contents
of the vessels through the valves where and when such is considered necessary.
Figure 26 is a vertical section of a nozzle or crane duct G suitable for
being attached to suit a valve arrangement as shown in Figure 25. and may
either be made to open the valve by its actuating end B' in being coupled by
the bridge becoming against the stem a' of the valve a, or it may have a light
rod sliding through a stuffing box Gin front of the crane, and in the
bridge with a spring which would always keep it out when the pin g' was
brought in a line with a slot in the back end of the stuffing box to allow the
spring to bring it back as when the little handle g at the end of the rod
was turned up as shown in this position, but when pushed in against the
power of the light spring and that b of the valve until the pin g gets to the
front of the slot and inner end of the stuffing box it opens the valve full
open, when the turning of the handle g down and the pin g' out of the slot
upon the end of the stufling box holds the valve open, and if the end of the
stuffing box was made in the form of a cam or inclined curvilinear surface
rising out from the slot spindle g and handle g. would open the valve by
turning it in one direction, and shut it by turning it in the other, and if
preferred this part of the stuffing box G' and spring end might all be enclosed
and work as described by a key entering into the end of the stuffing box,
similar to those now used for locking taps; or if the crane was made short the
key itself might be made to pass quite down to the steam a' of the valve at the
bridge b2, where it could open and shut the valve by the inclined curve or other
equivalent as described. Cranes of this description are suitable for almost
any of these improved arrangements of valves so as to do away with cocks
and make the valve a serve the purpose of preventing all escape of the fluid
in drawing off or filling vessels with fluids fitted with them and also that of
the cock or tap usually employed.
Figure 27 is a vertical section of an improved tap B suitable for being
applied to the various arrangements of these improved valves a for opening
them while being uncoupled by the screw coupling B' or when the valves are
opened by the turning of the valve and tap. The end B' can be first inserted
into the coupling part 1 of the valve chamber A. so as to cause the lateral

page_text: catches to take on to those of the valve or its stem: the coupling
ring B is then screwed home on the valve chamber and the cock turned
which opens the valve when the valves are actuated by screws and not by
springs, all as herein-before described. As no hammering head is required on
the drawing off cock, tap, or ducts for these improved valves a screw plug or lid
valve, as shown at H. may be placed in the convenient position for use when
standing in front of the tap, as shown in the Figure, or if preferred an india-
rubber disc valve may be employed in the like position as indicated in red lines.
In Figures 12. 17. and 25 small holes are formed leading in from the
front through the top of the valve chest to the face of the bearing seat of
the valve. which when the tightening collar B of the end B' of the tap or
duct is brought quite home and into its proper position with the valve open
the hole in it then comes opposite to the hole in the valve chamber, air is
thus admitted through this small hole, which ascends from the face of the
valve and allows the liquid to flow off, but when the valve a is back against
its seat it shuts the hole up fluid-tight. The heavy parts of the several valve
chambers on Sheet 1. as at A', which are not much exposed to the chemical
action of the materials within the vessels C are colored purple to show that in
some cases such parts may be made of iron for cheapness when desired. and
generally the form of the valve chamber. cock or nozzle. and the mode of
jointing the valve chamber to the vessel or conduit from which the fluid has
to be conducted. may all be constructed in any of the usual manners and of
any of the metals or materials heretofore in use for conducting like fluids from
or through similar vessels or conduits at similar temperatures and pressures,
or in similar circumstances and operations, all respectively, premising however
that it is preferred to use the round form of valve and chamber projecting
within the vessel screwed at its neck into the body of the vessel, or if
desired into the removable lid or stopper of the same, with a flange or collar
to ensure a fluid-tight joint. or otherwise to be portable. so screwed into a
mere flange or hollow screwed socket (as in Figures 1 to 4) more per-
manently secured into the vessel by soldering, screwing, rivetting, cementing.
or otherwise, as considered best in particular cases: or in the case of small
vessels, bottles, or jars, the stopper itself might be made the valve chamber or
seat, with or without an elastic surface or band round its outer circumference
as required, the valve being fitted to work thereon essentially as described in
reference to any of the various forms of valves delineated in our Drawings;
or for cork stoppers small cheap forms of these valves might be incased in
them for jars and bottles for liquors only required to be drawn off at several
times. Any ordinary construction of tap, cock. valve. crane, or nozzle here-

page_text: tofore used for the drawing off of the fluids may be thus fitted to the improved
arrangement of valve a and chamber A herein described in accordance with
our said Invention by altering or making the coupling paris as A and B', and
the moveable actuating part B", and holding projections band b, and their
equivalents when any of these are used to open and shut the valve by their
motion or insertion, and open the valve before it has been screwed home or
otherwise finally fixed or coupled to prevent all leakage and allow the fluid
to flow through them into the tap, which combined with the said arrangement
of valve and parts constitute the main features of novelty in the various modi-
fications of our said Invention herein so far described and generally applicable to
the drawing off of all kinds of fluids. Any kind of coupling joint now employed
or suitable for the coupling of taps, pipes, and hose in a portable and expe-
ditious manner, as well as the simple screw coupling already mentioned, will
answer for this improved arrangement of duplex valve or valve and actuating
coupling cock or conduit provided its usual forward and turning motion in
coupling the two parts is caused to open the valve as before described. By
these improved means both the valve chamber A and its main tap, cock,
nozzle, or detachable portable conduit, as B, B', in the various Figures, for
opening the valve and conducting the fluid therefrom, have only to be coupled
by screws or inclined grooves, or screw pins or bolts, and therefore require no
striking or other severe force applied to them to make tight joints; they may
in many circumstances with great advantage, as for chemical and brewing pur-
poses, be made of glass, porcelain, or some of the soft metals, or in some cases
be made of some of the valuable metals, which are all more free from corrosion
than the baser metals and other substances heretofore used for such object or
purpose. For drawing off fluids at various heights or positions from the
same vessel to suit their density, specific gravity, or other purpose, two or
moro of the said valve chambers may be fitted as described at the heights or
positions desired, and the same cock or nozzle, or one for each, as desired,
may be attached or coupled to the outer coupling orifice of the valve, and so
draw off the fluids at the height desired; and as all the coupling parts of the
valve chambers would be made of the same form of construction and numbered
for every given or particular size and description of valve for different or par-
ticular parts to suit the taps, cranes, nozzles, or pipes of the same size and
number of valves any corresponding size and number of tap, crane, nozzle, or
pipe at hand would always fit any valve coupling. Any of these arrangements
of valves and portable taps or cranes would be most valuable for the drawing
off of all kinds of wines, spirits, porters, ales, and other liquids which are
moved about in casks and other vessels which having the valve seats or

page_text: chamber fitted to them could have the liquid drawn off at the places to which
the vessels were removed by inserting the taps kept in hand for the purpose
and save the present trouble and annoyance of all sizes of cork holes for
drawing off the liquor in these vessels, and the great waste and disturbance
thereof by the forcing of the corks into the vessels.
On Sheet 2 are shown in longitudinal section various modifications of our
said improvements applied to cranes or taps and valves and the coupling and
actuating parts of their pipes and ducts and conduits, such as herein-before
described in a great measure in reference to the modifications shown on
Sheet 1, but here shown as adapted for supplying water to domestic houses,
baths, cisterns, public works, and for pipes and hose used in public works and
streets for extinguishing fires and other purposes.
Figures 28 and 29 are horizontal sections of a swan-necked service pipe
for house cisterns and other purposes having the valve chamber A of a hollow
cylindrical form with a lid valve a, with the pressure of the spring and fluid
within the chamber, and the service pipe C leading into it, both forcing the
valve against its seat A, the valve a being steadied in its action by the
stem working in a tubular guide in the cap, and the swan-neck duct or
crane G is coupled by a large strong bearing flange B' to the coupling bearing
face, and projecting screw A' by the coupling screw ring B. The flange B
forms the steadying and working part of the swan-necked crane G, the joint
of which is lubricated by a small hole at 1, and made liquid-tight by a ring of
leather or other soft substance at 2; behind the flange B' an enlarged chamber
is formed at 1, into which the small neck of the valve duct glides in an
enlarged curvilineal or trumpet-shaped manner, as also the nose of the swan-
neck G where it delivers the water, as seen better at 1 where it is dotted as
turned down in elevation at right angles to Figure 28; this shape and
enlargement being given for the better and softer delivery of the water with-
out, which is further regulated to suit the proper shift of the valve and
pressure of the water passing into the vessel by shortening the guide or
lengthening it with small washers, or by a screw pin inserted through the
cap when fitting the valve in its place, so that the persons using the
improved valve and crane conduit; the valve a in this case being actuated
by a front stem and knob g detachable along with the duct part B', through
which it works in a stulling box G by simply pushing it in to open the valve a
when directly screwed or made in one piece with the valve; the power of the
spring and pressure of the water always shutting the valve when the hand
is removed from the knob g, so that no waste is caused by the running of the
water when not absolutely required.

page_text: Figure 29 shows an arrangement very similar to that shown in Figure 28,
but fitted with an equilibrium pressure valve a, similar to that described in
reference to Figures 10 and 11, on Sheet 1. so that it will be unnecessary to
describe it further in respect to this Figure. except to say that only the
pressure of the spring is required to be overcome to open the valve a,
whatever the pressure of the service pipe C or the diameter of the valves
may be; and although the actuating valve spindle in this arrangement is
not shown as working out through the stuffing box formed in the coupling
flange B' and crane I. G, yet still it will be evident it could be made so, as
in Figure 28, and have the service branch pipe C jointed to the opening
between the two lids a. a. of the valve seat where the exit branch I is shown
As jointed in the Figure.
Figure 30 shows a modification of our improved valve as fitted to part of a
chamber A formed in a main water pipe C. suitable for attaching service
pipes B to at any time desired by unscrewing the plug E, and screwing in
the loose or fixed end B' or B" in the former modifications of the pipe, cock,
or other conduit through which the water is required to pass, which would
press open the valve against the spring b when it was used; or when the
cap b' was screwed by projections on its under end to take into those b
shown on the ring cap b' of the valve, when screwed at would open the
valve as the service pipe or its coupling end is turned, as herein described in
former modifications."
Figures 31 and 32 show arrangements of a small chamber and valve for
insertion into steam or water pipes at their joints, or in the end socket where
cocks or other valves are attached, so that the connecting of these pipes or
ends of the cock or valve cases would open the valves a against the pressure
of the opening and pressure of the fluid within the supply pipe C, and vice
versa the removal of the same would allow the valve to be shut by the springs
and so prevent all loss when the removal of these was necessary for repair or
any other purpose. They might also be worked by screwing the parts at a³
by having the catching and turning parts b³ and formed on the stem at
and cap b', and on the bridge b and end B', taking into each other respectively
in these modifications, and these valves might be made to regulate the desired
opening and to some extent the current of water which was desired to pass
through them, where the pressure in the pipe C behind them as nearly
constant to suit what was legitimately thought requisite to be allowed to
prevent the over flushing and waste of water in its use, which at present
is so frequently the case. In Figure 31 the spigot end C of the chamber A
of the valve is shown suitable for attaching to lead pipes, and that of

page_text: Figure 32 for being attached to either the spigot or faucet end of the screwed
pipe.
Figure 33 represents a special arrangement of these valves for a regulating
valve to be inserted and worked at and through the loose turning coupling
ring B which carries round the detached actuating end ring B" of the cock
or duct B, and by it as a key screwed on the squared end of the screwed
stem a' of the valve opens or shuts it to any desired extent, the loose turning
joint B of the coupling being screwed up when the valve has been so set by
the screw jam ring nut B
Figure 34 is a vertical section of a water hydrant illustrative of one
modification of our said improvements applied thereto showing the valve a of
the lid class pushed down and opened against the power of the spring band
force of water by screwing down the coupling ring B on the coupling part A¹
of the top of the valve chamber and end B' of the hose pipe B. and the
loose actuating ring piece B" (which is attached by preference to the coupling
ring B by lateral screws 4) acting on the top of the ring cap attached to
the stem a of the valve a, which insures its opening against the power of
the spring b, and consequently closing by the uncoupling or unscrewing the
ring B. In like manner the lower coupling end of the long vertical stand
branch pipe of such hydrants may be made to open and shut the valve a by
attachment and removal to the coupling part A' of the valve chamber.
Although the valve (I is shown as shut by the spring and straight
longitudinal pressure and motion of the cap B". yet it may also be worked
by screwing either of the stems a', a², or the screwing of the ring cap b¹
in their guiding surfaces as at a, and by the catches and so as to make
the coupling on of the duct open the valve and vice versa. all as described
in the former modifications: and nearly any of the other forms or arrange-
ments of valves shown and described in the Drawings. as well as the
spheroidal form of valve at present employed for such hydrants, may be
adopted and worked in a similar manner to that described in reference to
Figure 34.
Figure 35 shows a very similar arrangement of a valve and coupling to those
described in the two former modifications. Figures 33 and 34. applied to
hose with the stem a of the valve a screwed in its back guide bridge at a².
so as to open or shut the valve when coupling or uncoupling on the end of
the hose B on to the screw coupling end of the chamber A' of the valve by
turning the hand wheel screw coupling ring B³, which turns the internal
actuating ring B" at the same time in a corresponding manner to open
the valve.

page_text: Figures 36 and 37 show somewhat similar arrangements of hose valve
coupling fitted with reverse hollow and projecting conical valves a opened in
the reverse direction and closing against the pressure within the pipes, the
former of solid metal and the latter with an elastic conical cup lid a of india-
rubber pressed down or relieved by a metal lid a" so as to open by the pressure
of the fluid when so relieved; the lid a in this case being screwed out or in
so as to open or shut by a screw formed on the actuating cap ring band.
actuating internal loose end 13" of the coupling, by the simple coupling or
uncoupling of the ring B which turns the ring B" by the snugs or feather f
working in the sunk grooves f, as described in the former modification.
Figure 36 is shown as a left-hand and Figure 37 as a right-hand coupling,
the internal and outside screws and A¹ being both left and right handed
screws in each case.
T
Figure 38 shows an arrangement of hose coupling with valve chamber A
and valve seat A. by preference screwed fast and liquid-tight, with or without
lateral screws 3 through the side of the chamber to prevent loosening, and
having a loose internal screwed actuating ring B" by preference attached to
the chamber; also by a lateral screw 4 working in an annular groove round
its outer periphery, so as to prevent its shifting longitudinally, allowing it to
be freely turned through its feather and grooves by the turning of the
ring B of the coupling, so as to screw out and in the screwed cap of the
valve lid along with and by the turning or screwing on and off of the coupling
ring B and end B' of the duct, though which the water has to flow, the
ring being prevented from turning by the feathers A. a. (equivalent to
the slot and pin A, a', for the like purpose in Figure 9, or for the converse
of allowing the valve and spindle a, a', to move laterally while they are turned
by the stationary loose ring B" in Figure 33). all substantially as shown in
the two previous modifications. Figures 36 and 37, except that the valve lid a
is formed of a disc of india-rubber or leather, by preference, having two semi-
discs of metal at its back secured to the seat A by a round metal bar, so that
the two sides of the disc are opened up or shut over it as a hinge by the two
links a, a, attaching it to the projection a* of the screw cap ring b', so as to open
and shut the valve by the motion coupling or uncoupling of the screw ring B³.
Figure 39 shows an arrangement of throttle valve a closed when the
coupling B3 is removed by a spring b and cap ring b' which is connected to it
by the link a', the valve seat A and the cap b' being prevented from turning
in the valve chamber A by the feathers A, b, working in slots formed in the
seat, the valve being opened against the power of the spring by the action of
the screw on the ring B³ in coupling the end B₁ of the hose.

page_text: Figure 40 is a vertical section of an arrangement of disc valve a tilted on
an axial line across an annular groove formed in the end retaining flange ("¹
of the entrance end C. screwed to fit a ferrule part of the seat A of the
valve aby preference with a left-handed screw, when that of the coupling
ring B is right-handed. The two end journals I on which the valve works
are carried in bushes or bearings projecting from the face of the jointing C
of the coupling socket B' down into the annular groove in the flange C'.
which it secures liquid-tight, but capable of turning separate from itself and
the coupling socket B; and as the journals have an eccentric part ¡ at their
neck at right angles to the disc valve a passing through a short longitudinal
slot in the part A' of the seat A the turning round of the coupling part B
in making good the joint with the screw end B' of the hose B. when it and
the end are not allowed to turn, screws the valve seal 1° out or in by
turning the ring (carrying the journal of the valve a which by the eccentric
part in the slots of the seat ferrule A' carries it round, and as the back end
of the slots have curved slots at right angles to the other slots, which allow
the seat A to travel forward a sufficient distance before they come into action
on the eccentric necks j. which then tilt the valve a. open as soon as it has
room to clear off the seat to a line through the axis of the chamber, and so
leave nearly the full area for the passage of the fluid; and immediately on
turning the coupling part B in the reverse direction to uncouple the hose.
tilt the valve again at right angles across the duct, and before the end B' is
released to screw the valve a hard up on its seat, and makes good the joint of
the seat with the face of the screw ring ; and when the coupling pipe B¹
can be turned the valve a may be opened and shut by the feathers b. b, as
described in former modifications.
Figures 41 and 42 are a vertical and horizontal section respectively of a
coupling for hose, having an arrangement of disc valve a tilted on substantially
the same principles as the former modification. Figure 40, except that the
valve is moved and tilted away from the seal A which is stationary and
formed on a part of the valve chamber A' made in two parts A. A firmly
secured together, and fixing a ring down to the face A. having the two arms k
with the grooves in them for the eccentric necks to slide and tilt in, and
brought back to it by a link a' attached to a steadying ring cap b' pashed inwards
to open the valve by the end B' and the force and action of screwing on the
coupling B, while the cap b', link a', and valve are tilted and drawn back
close to the valve seat 13 by the spring in a very similar manner to that
shown and described in reference to Figure 39. the actual tilting being
effected by the journals i sliding in parallel slots formed in the main part A of

page_text: the chamber, while the eccentric necks slide in the tilting grooves k in the
arms shown detached in Figure 41, to show the form of the groove; the-
two arms of the hose being shown coupled and the valve tilted and open,
in Figure 41, and uncoupled and the valve shown closed in Figure 12.
respectively.
Figures 43 to 48 are longitudinal sectional elevations of various arrange,
ments of couplings detached, in addition to those shown in the various more,
complete modifications of these improvements herein-before shown and,
described, particularly suited for opening and shutting our improved valves.
through the coupling mechanism under various circumstances.
Figures 43 and 44, being more particularly adapted for opening and
shutting the valves of chambers to be attached to the larger class of vessels,
where the ends B' of the taps and hose cannot be turned, either when the
valves are opened and shut by turning them, or their actuating parts whether;
actuated by springs or screws.
Figure 45 shows an arrangement for coupling a cock or duct B' to the end.
chamber of a hose having one of our improved valves to be opened and shut.
within, which requires to be worked by an internal screw, as B", on the
actuating end B', whether a spring is used for closing the valve or not; the
coupling ring B has two slots / sunk in it below the screw, into which cor->
responding feathers on the actuating end B' slide as the coupling ring is.
screwed home, which carries round the end B' so as to turn the screw B" in-
one direction when coupling, and the other when uncoupling, so as to open or
shut the valve correspondingly.; the grooves are well seen in the face view of
the coupling ring B in Figure 45.
Figures 46 and 47 show two very similar arrangements for internal valve
actuating short.ducts B", whether having a screw or not requiring to revolve,
while the valve chamber and duct or end B' requiring to be coupled cannot
be turned round. Figure 46 is shown as coupling two spigot-ended hose or
ducts; and Figure 47, that of two faucet-ended ones, but it will be evident
that one side of these might be the reverse of that shown.
in
Figure 48 shows an arrangement where the hollow stem of the valvó can
be screwed out and in without turning by a feather sliding a groove
the coupling part A' of the valve chamber A, by a revolving actuating ring B"
attached to the coupling socket B³, and screwed with a right and left handed
thread into the chamber at A' and over the stem a' of the valve so as to draw
out the valve to open it as the coupling B³ is being screwed up, without
requiring the end B' of the cock or duct being attached requiring to be turned
round. In these couplings, after the coupling ring B has been turned sulli-

page_text: ciently to open or shut the valves, the joint rings B can be screwed rigidly
up to prevent all escape at the joints. Although we have shown and described
screw couplings as applied to most of the modifications of our improvements.
considering these to be the best and most generally approved form of couplings
for pipes and hose generally, yet still it is to be understood that the hose joint
coupling formed with opposite quarter bearing and holding bizzles or collars
slipping down between, and then turning and holding upon and beneath each
other may be employed for a great many valves where great pressure is not
required to open or shut them, and where that is the case the collar could be
made of a scroll wedge shape, and so act on the principle of the screw with
only a quarter or half turn of the two parts.
These hose and service pipes so
constructed as described with a coupling stem or socket. whether turning
round with the main duct as B or B' in a separate actuating piece as B' or B"
at one end, and a loaded valve a and coupling valve chamber A, A', at the
other end could be attached to the valve on the vessel or main pipe of supply,
as C, C', in the former Figures and modifications, and any number of such service
or other pipes or hose so fitted with these coupling stems and valve might in
succession be coupled to each other and convey the fluid from one to the other
in succession as uncoupled at the extreme end to deliver the fluid as desired;
and this arrangement would be most useful where dangerous gases. high-
pressure steam or water, hot or valuable liquors, wines, or beer have to be
conveyed to various local distances from the source of supplying or power
without danger to the persons employed or waste of the fluids being conducted.
When the vessels have to be exhausted, emptied, or discharged through the
conduits or pipes below the pressure without the vessels we prefer that the
valves should open outwards, so that on removing the eduction end of the tap
or drawing off pipe the pressure from without would tend to keep the valve
tightly shut.
Although these improved arrangements of duplex valves or valves and
actuating taps or coupling pipes have been mainly described for the eduction
and educting or transmitting of fluids from vessels, as indicated by the arrows,
they are applicable for the conveyance and induction of fluids into vessels. and
equally so when the valve is fitted into that end of the conduits containing
the fluid under pressure, and will charge these vessels with any pressure
possessed by the fluid conveyed within the said pipes from the source of
supply and the simple withdrawal or uncoupling of the tap, or coupling
at the end of the conveying pipe. or a loose end to the pipe itself. or other
nozzle fitted to it. would require in this application to open the valve on
entering in the same manner as the exhausting or drawing off end of the

page_text: taps and nozzles in the applications and modifications described in reference
to the Drawings.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is of may be used or carried into effect, we may observe in
conclusion that we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise details.
modifications. or arrangements which we have had occasion to describe,
delineate, and refer to, as many variations of and from these may be made
without departing from the main or essential features of our said Invention:
neither do we claim to have invented the forms and constructions of many of
the parts or their modes of attachment which we have had occasion to describe
and refer to by themselves specially, as many of these have been used for
other arrangements of valves and other purposes, except in so far as these
have essential reference to or form part of our said Invention; but what we
consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to use by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is.-
First. The construction and arrangement of the parts of valves. cocks.
ducts, conduits, and their couplings and connections, all substantially in the
new or improved manner. use, and mode of applying the same for like purposes
by any of the modifications herein described and shown in the accompanying
Drawings, or any mere modification thereof.
Second. The construction and use of valve chambers and valves fied 10
or within vessels or conduits loaded or closed by the pressure of a spring, and
opened by means of a tap, cock, hose, or other conduit through which the
fluid is required to pass from them, and by the motion and act of compling
them. all substantially in the new or improved manner, and for the purposes
herein described and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any mere
modification thereof.
Third. The construction and use of couplings for hose having valves in their
one end, which are opened by the attachment or coupling of the other, and
which are closed by or through its removal, all substantially in the new or
improved manner and for the purposes herein described and shown in the
accompanying Drawings, or any mere modification thereof.
Fourth. The construction and use of couplings for jointing the ends of
valves and cocks, cranes, pipes, and hose for the purpose of opening and
closing the connected valve, and regulating the flow of the fluids passing
through it by the motion and act of jointing the parts of the coupling, whether
the valve case or the connected conduit can be furned round or not by the use
of an internal moving part of the short tubular actuating end piece turned
within and by the moving part of the coupling, all substantially in the new

page_text: or improved manner, and for the purpose herein described and shown in the
accompanying Drawings, or an mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Flamwell Bare and John
Thomson. have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day of
April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-eight.
Witness,
W. R. M. THOMSON,
Patent Agent,
20, Buchanan Street,
Clasgow
ROBERT FLAMWELL BARE. (...)
JOHN THOMSON.
(L.S.)