Improvements in Lamps for Generating and Burning the Gas or Vapour from Benzoline and similar Combustible Fluids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 19th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL DI, DUITIVATION,
Improvements in Lamps for Generating and Burning the Gas or
Vapour from Benzoline and similar Combustible Fluids.
I, JAMES LEEMING Junior, of 31 Back Quay Street in the City of Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved combination and arrangement of lamp for
generating gas or vapour from benzoline and similar combustible fluids, and burning
the same to give light, the lamp being simple and substantial in construction and
safe in use.
It consists of a vessel to contain the combustible fluid which may be of tin plate
or as preferred of cast metal and provided with a suitable handle, when to be used
as a hand lamp. The upper end of the vessel is bored out and screw tapped, in
order that a bush or neck (which may be of brass or other metal) may be screwed
therein fluid tight. Within the bush or neck one end of a thin tube is screwed
fluid tight, the inner end of which tube extends nearly to the bottom of the vessel.
Within the thin tube there is another tube which I will call the burner tube,
leaving a narrow annular space between the interior of the thin tube and exterior
of the burner tube, which is filled with a suitable wick extending to the upper end
of the burner tube, which comes some distance above the said bush or neck over
which upper end of the burner tube a cap screws in which there are small holes for
the escape of the gas or vapour, which can be ignited and will then burn after the
tube has been first heated by the flame. There is a collar on the burner tube
which has a screw thread at its lower end to screw into the screw tapped thread in
the bush or neck, the interior of which is coned to fit the exterior cone formed upon
the said collar.
In the interior surface of the internal cone in the bush or neck there are inclined
grooves and also similar grooves on the exterior cone on the collar of the burner
tube. Through the side of the said bush or neck there is a hole to allow air to
pass into the grooves, and there are holes in the cone collar on the burner tube
that allow air to pass to the interior of the burner and wick tube.
There are also slight grooves in the screw thread on the collar to allow air to
pass to the interior of the said thin tube.
The bush or neck may be dispensed with and the upper part of the vessel for
combustible fluid may be made with a boss or neck which may be bored out
conically to fit the cone on the boss or collar of the burner tube, which may be
formed like a cap to screw on the exterior of the neck of the vessel.
Constructed as described the liquid cannot escape from the tube, when the lamp
is upset.
The upper part of the burner tube may be made separate from the lower part
and connected with it and the collar by a non-conductor of heat and the collar may
be made hollow to allow air to circulate and keep it cool.
The construction may be varied in details without departing from my invention.
Dated this 10th day of April 1893.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Generating and Burning the Gas or
Vapour from Benzoline and similar Combustible Fluids.
I, JAMES LEEMING, Junior, of 31 Back Quay Street, in the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved combination and arrangement of lamp for
generating gas or vapour from benzoline and similar combustible fluids, and
burning the same to give light, the lamp being simple and substantial in construction
and safe in use.
It consists of a vessel to contain the combustible fluid which may be of tin-plate
or as preferred of cast metal and provided with a suitable handle, when to be used
as a hand lamp. The upper end of the vessel is bored out and screw tapped, in
order that a bush or neck (which may be of brass or other metal) may be screwed
therein fluid tight. Within the bush or neck, one end of a thin tube is screwed or
otherwise secured fluid tight, the inner end of which tube extends into the inside of
the vessel.
Within the thin tube there is another tube, which I will call the burner tube,
leaving a narrow annular space between the interior of the thin tube and exterior
of the burner tube, which is filled with a suitable wick extending to the upper end
of the burner tube, which comes some distance above the said bush or neck, over
which upper end of the burner tube a cap screws in which there are small holes for
the escape
of the gas or vapour, which can be ignited and will then burn after the
tube has been first heated. There is a hollow cone collar on the burner tube which
fits into the bush or neck, the interior of which is coned to fit the exterior cone
formed upon the said hollow collar.
In the interior surface of the internal cone in the bush or neck there are or
may be inclined grooves and also similar grooves on the exterior cone on the
collar of the burner tube. Through the side of the said bush or neck there is
a hole to allow air to pass into the grooves, and there are holes in the hollow
cone collar on the burner tube that allow air to pass to the interior of the burner
and wick tube.
There are also slight grooves in the screw thread on the exterior of the bush or
neck and holes in the hollow cone collar to allow air to pass to the interior of the
said thin tube and thus to the interior of the vessel into the space above the level
of the liquid therein.
The bush or neck may be dispensed with and the upper part of the vessel for
combustible fluid may be made with a boss or neck which may be bored out
conically to fit the cone on the boss or hollow collar of the burner tube, which may
be formed like a cap to screw on the exterior of the neck of the vessel, or the screw
cap may be separate from the cone collar.
Constructed as described the liquid cannot escape from the tube when the lamp
is upset.
The upper part of the burner tube may be made separate from the lower part
and connected with it and the collar by a non-conductor of heat, and the collar may
be made hollow to allow air to circulate and keep it cool.
The construction may be varied in details without departing from my invention.
Fig. 1, is a vertical section and elevation of a lamp according to my invention.
Fig. 2, is an outside elevation of the upper part of the lamp, and
Fig. 3, is an outside view of a part of the inner wick and burner tube.
The vessel for the combustible liquid may be made of tin-plate or other metal, or
of cast iron or other metal of any desired shape and with a handle in any desired
form and position.

page_text: a, is the cast metal vessel; a', its handle. The neck a², of the body or vessel is
screw tapped internally to fit a screw bush b, which has a thin metal tube 61, secured
in its lower end to project into the interior of the vessel a.
The upward projecting neck 62, of this bush, is screw threaded on its exterior,
and has a groove 63, cut round it, and through the neck from the bottom of the.
groove a small hole 4, is made passing from the exterior to the interior of the
neck 2, which interior is coned to fit a hollow cone part c', to the upper and lower
end of which, tubes c and cx, are connected forming the wick and burner tube,
which extends nearly to the bottom of the interior of the vessel a, when in position
for use and some distance above the neck 62, the upper end of tube c, having a
cap c³, screwed upon it in which there are a number of small holes c³, through which
holes the gas or vapour formed in the interior of the burner tube c, can pass out and
be ignited to give light.
d, is a cap, screw threaded internally to screw upon the screw threaded exterior
of the neck 62, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The screw cap d, has an annular cavity d',
for air as shown, and there are or may be one or more small holes d² so that the air
may circulate and help to keep the metal cool.
There is a small groove 3, (shown in dotted line) in the lengthway of the neck
to admit air to the groove 63, round the exterior of the neck when the cap d, is
screwed on, so that such air may pass through the small hole 64, in the neck to the
groove c, round the cone part e¹, from which groove there is an oblique groove c³,
on each side of the cone terminating in a small hole c, through the cone and tube
to the interior of the tubes c, and cx, these two small holes c', are on opposite sides
of the cone part c'. There are also two small holes c8, so that air may pass from
the holes c', to the annular space between the tube 61, and the tube c*, and thus to
the interior of the vessel for combustible liquid.
The cone c', is ground to fit air tight into the cone in the interior of the
neck ².
The interior of the tubes c, and c*, are filled with a suitable wick extending to
the lower end of the tube c*, within the vessel a, and to the top of the interior of
the cap c², on the tube c.
When the tube c, cx, is removed, the vessel a, is filled with the combustible liquid
to about the level of the dotted line x, that is to say, the vessel may be filled to
above the level x, and then the vessel is reversed and all the liquid is poured out
again that will come out, the tube 1, causing so much liquid to be retained as will
when the tube c, cx, is inserted bring the level of the liquid to about the line,
Fig. 1, the combustible liquid therefore does not escape when the lamp is upset by
accident.
The arrangement of the cap d, and hollow cone c', as described serve to check
the transmission of heat downwards, and these parts as well as the tube c, are or
may be made of metals which are slow conductors of heat.
When the lamp is to be used, the upper part of the burner tube c, is heated until
the gas or vapour begins to escape at the small holes ³, and is then ignited when
its heat acting upon the burner tube c, is sufficient to continue the supply of gas or
vapour for the light.
The combustible liquid is supplied to the lamp and the wick is renewed or
replaced when required (which is seldom) by unscrewing the cap c³, and removing
the burner tubes c and c*. Two or more burners hereinbefore described each
consisting of a burner tube c and ex; collar c'; neck 2; tube, and cap d, may be
used in the same body a, or in a series of vessels a, connected by pipes with a
common reservoir, supplying combustible liquid to the several vessels or chambers
nto which the burners are inserted if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
ion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of a vessel for combustible liquid, with an internal tube

page_text: within it, and a burner and wick tube within such internal tube, substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The combination of the wick tubes c and cx, with the hollow or cone collar c¹,
with the neck b³, tube b', and screw cap d, constructed and arranged substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Fifteenth day of December 1893.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.