Improvements in Bolting and Locking Devices for Securing Cycles and like Road Vehicles during Rider's Absence.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1897-Accepted, 1st Sept., 1897
Improvements in Bolting and Locking Devices for Securing Cycles
and like Road Vehicles during Rider's Absence.
I ROBERT JOHN JONES of 67 Queen's Road Bootle in the County of Lancashire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to bolts and locks devised for the purpose of securing cycles
and other road vehicles or machines during the absence of riders.
In this specification, the single terms cycle or machine are used for brevity sake,
and where used are to be taken as meaning a bicycle or tricycle, or any other road
vehicle or machine to which the invention is applicable.
This invention relates to a bolt and lock which may be used in their separate forms
or in combination and to illustrate it I give a description with approximate
measurements, though not confining myself to the exact description or measurements.
A case is made two and a half inches long by half an inch internal diameter; the
form of the inside may be circular or a half-circle in the upper part, and half of
a square in the lower part, or it may be of any other suitable form. For this description
I will for illustration adopt the circular form, the internal diameter being half an
inch, the case being about one-sixteenth of an inch in thickness. A round bolt, half
an inch diameter and one inch and a quarter long, occupies half the internal length
of the case-this I call the front end this bolt is shaped at the end for about one
quarter of an inch in length in auy desired inauner, so that when the bolt is propelled
forward about one quarter of an inch beyond the front end of case, it will gear into
a recess or on to n projection provided for receiving it, the bolt case being fixed to
a fast part, and the recesses or projections provided on a rotary part or vice versa.
The propelling of the holt is accomplished by a screw or spiral motion, and the
following matter will, for provisional purposes. sufficiently illustrate the method of
working without describing the numerous well known ways of obtaining a screw or
spiral motion. In some part of the front half of case--that is, the part occupied by
round bolt-a spiral slot is cut in the upper half, this slot is pitched from left to
right side, so as to give a quarter of an inch advance; when the bolt end is set level
with front end of case, a turn over pin is fixed through slot into bolt at the left hand
side, therefore, when this turn over pin is traversed over to right hand side, it, being
attached to bolt, will propel bolt forward one quarter of an inch outside the front of
case. Assuming that the bolt case has been firmly fixed to a stationary part
of machine, say for illustration, on top of top tube next the ball bead, and that in or
on the rotating part, say the cone clip, suitable recesses or projections have been
formed for receiving the bolt, it will be seen that when the holt is propelled and is in
gear with the provision for receiving it, the steering part of machine is secured
aud cannot be furned. This bolting may he sufficient for temporary purposes, but
when it is desired to thoroughly secure the machine from use during rider's absence,
it requires to be locked, and this is accomplished in the following manner: On, or
in the end of round bolt next the centre of case, projections or gear are forined, and
projections or gear to gear into these are formed in or on the locking bolt or follower
now to be described. In the hack part of case is fitted the locking bolt or follower,

page_text: which may be made of any form to suit the inside of case, the front end of the
follower is shaped suitably for gearing into round bolt, as described, whilst the back
end is made so as to fit into and fill the internal area of the case, so that it practically
forins a movable piston at the back end; this follower is either by its own shape, or
by other contrivances in connection with it, prevented from rotating in the case, its
action being a sliding one only. The back end or piston is, when the lock is not in
actiou, level with case or only slightly projecting, and when the lock is in use the
piston end is, by preference, well within the case so that it cannot be drawn back by
any external means. Assuming that the bolt and lock are not in action, I proceed
to describe how they are made to operate; when the turn over pin is moved through
the spiral slot from left to right, it propels the bolt as before described, and to lock
it in this position the follower or locking bolt is pushed into gear with it by pressing
the end of the piston forward for a distance equal to gearing depth, thereby rendering
it impossible for the round bolt to be moved until the follower and it are thrown out
of gear, this cannot be accomplished by external means, and to bring the follower
back out of gear I so form that part of it which is inside the case, that it becomes
what is equivalent to the bolt of a lock, and as such, can have wards and a key fitted
so that by this means the follower can be thrown back and he round bolt released.
I would have it understood that I do not limit myselft to the spiral groove, as [
inay accomplish the results desired by a L or Z shaped gro ove, but they require two
and three movements respectively instead of one.
When it is desirable for the bolt end to be square or for other rensons it is not
desirable that it should rotate when being propelled into gear; instead of making the
round bolt to act as heretofore described, I use a hollow bush that fits in the case
in the same manner as the round bolt, and is fitted with turn over pin to work in
spiral slot as described, but in this case the front end of case, is by preference,
closed in, and in the closed end is a hole suited to the shape-square or otherwise-
of the projection part of bolt, the bolt in this case is fitted into end of bush for some
distance and turns freely in it, its position in bush being secured by a pin or fine
thread that will allow the bush to make its half turn round the bolt when it is
moving it forward to the desired projection. By inaking the hollow bush described,
to act as a nut of half-inch pitch and screwing the bolt to work in it, a straight
across slot may be used instead of spiral. The turn over pin being worked from left
to right or vice versu to suit the hand the screw is made. The locking arrangement
as described, is adopted where bushes are used; they, like the round bolt having
gearing projections; in any of the gearing arrangements, flats may be made to
tongue or wedge together to prevent turning or sliding.
By running the turn over pin through the entire diameter of the bolt or bush
and screwing it therein it may act as a brake, this is accomplished by seizing the
knob on turn over pin and screwing the pin through till it centres into a recess
provided for it, or presses hard against the inside of case; the same result may be
obtained by having the knob to act as a nut and screw hard on to outside of case.
The bolts described herein may be used in their single capacity without the
addition of locking arrangements, and the lock bolt follower and close piston locking
may be applied to, and useful in conjunction with, bolt and catch systems other than
my own, and my system of bolting may have applied to it ordinary means and
methods of locking. The bolts or locks or any combination of thein may be attached
to or form part of any fixed portion of machine and gear into a rotary part, or may
be fixed to any rotary part and gear into a fixed portion. Advantage may be taken
of any recesses or projections which are part of the constructive design of machine;
such for instance as chain wheels, chaius, cranks, clips, and so forth, all that is
required being to make the ends of bolts, or other catches to suit the part they
have to gear with.
Thated this 21st day of Areverend 1000

page_text: Improvements in Bolting and Locking Devices for Securing Cycles
and like Road Vehicles during Rider's Absence.
I ROBERT JOHN JONES of 67 Queen's Road, Bootle in the County of Lancaster
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to cycle bolts and locks, and devices connected therewith;
and has for its object, improvements in the means for securing cycles and other road
vehicles of the velocipede class, during the absence of riders.
In this specification the single term cycle or machine are used for brevity Fake,
and where used, are to be taken as meaning a bicycle, or tricycle, or any other road
vehicle or machine of the velocipede class, to which this invention is applicable.
The bolts devised are simple in construction, quick in action, and practically
unbreakable; the locking arrangements are of an equally simple character, and are
free from complicated parts; and the bolting and locking contrivances may be
readily combined in whole or in part with each other, or, with bolts, catches, and
locks, of designs other than those herein described.
The sizes and form-in section and plan of the cases aud bolts and contrivances
connected therewith may be varied to meet different requirements, and cau be
alapted to suit any position or condition. The bolts or locks, or any combination
of them may be attached to, or form part of, any fixed portion of machine, and gear
into any recesses, in, or ou to, any projection on a movable or rotary part of machine
or vice versa. The parts for receiving the bolts may be fittings expressly provided
for that purpose, or advantage may be taken of any recesses or projections, which
are part of the constructive design of machine: such for instance as chains, cbain-
wheels, cranks, clips, brake, steering parts, and so forth, the bolt-ends being made
to suit the parts they have to gear into or onto.
In the description that follows and the drawings that accompany this specification
similar letters indicate similar parts throughout.
Figure 1 shews a longitudinal section on vertical line of a front bolt and a lock-bolt
in one case-circular in section-as shewn in this figure, neither of the bolts are
in operation-1 is a plan of saine on horizontal line a; and 1 is a plan on horizontal
line b.
Figures 2, 2 and 2B are the same as Figures 1, 1 and 1 except that in these the
front bolt is shewn in operation.
Figures 3, 3 and 3 are the same as the preceding, except that in these drawings
both front-bolt and lock-bolt are shewn in operation: 3° 3" and 3 shew cross
sections of Figure 3.
In these and subsequent drawings A is the case, B is the front holt, C is the lock
bolt, D is tho key-pin, E is the turnover pin, F is slot tmversed by turnover pin, and
G is the key-hole; the dotted circle surrounding key-pin D shews traverse of key,
and dotted lines from F to F shew course of turnover pin; slot H in lock bolt C gives
traverse on pin D.
The back-end of B and the front-end of C have formed upon them clutch or other
equivalent gearing, so that the two bolts will gear into, or on to, each other and
thereby become interlocked, clutched, or stop-geared in such a manner as may be
desired. The back end of lock bolt C completely fills the case A and becomes a piston
sliding therein. The procedure in holting and locking is as follows:-When the
pin E which is attached to bolt B-see 1-is traversed from left to right, through

page_text: spinal slot F, the bolt B is propelled outwards to position shewn in Figs. 2, 2 and
2; therefore, when it enters any suitable recess, or, if the bolt is hollowed out, fits
ou any suitable projection, it is iu netion; and the clutch part on B is in a position
to receive the clutch gear on C; when it is desired to lock the bolt B in this position,
bolt C is pushed into gear with it as shewn in Figs. 3, 3, nn 1 3", the bolts thereby
become interlocked, and pin D or nu equivalent armngement prevents the from
turuing; the back or piston end of bolt C, which only projected slightly out of case
when not in operation, is now well within the case, and it cannot be withdrawn by
any external means. To provide for its unlocking and return back, it will be seen
from the drawings that I shape the interior so as to form a lock wich has a key, and
may have wards, fitted to suit; therefore, by menus of a suitable key, the lock bolt C
is moved back out of gear with B, and B is thereby released.
Thus far I have obtained a spirally workert bolt for locking, a clutch or equivalent
gear for locking, and, as part of the lock bolt, a piston push that dispenses with the
use of a key in locking, but which cannot be unlocked and moved back without
a suitable key. These are the leading features of this invention: which can be
modified to suit varying circumstances; and, it will be seen that the whole is 60
continued, that it may be used simply as a bolt, or may become a look, at option of
user.
Figure 4 shews n front bolt and lock bolt combined in one piece; in this
arrangement there is no option but to use it as a looked holt.
Figure 5 shews how my piston lock may he converted into an ordinary lock-plus
the gearing arrangements-o as to require a key for both locking and unlocking;
this is accomplished by closing in the back end of case A either temporarily or
permanently and adding locking piece J to bolt C.
The section marked K'in Fig. 4 and shewn in dotted surface plan at K in Fig. 5
is a thin stationary plate that prevents the bolt ( from being pushed back by means
of any instrument inserted throngh key-hole; it also carries the wards.
When it is desirable for the front end of front bolt to be square, or any section
other than round, or for other reasons it is not desirable that it should rotate when
being propelled, I use a hollow bush L-see Figure 6,-that fits in the case iu the
same manner as the front bolts B, and, like them, has a turn over pin E to work in
spiral slot F; the end of bolt M, is, in this ease, fitted into eud of hush for some
distance, and turns freely in it; its position in bush heing recurod by a pin, or fine.
thread, as shewn-that will allow the bash L. to make its half-turn round M, when
being propelled.
Figure 7 shews how, by making a hollow bush N to act as a nut of, say half-inch
or other desired pitch, and screwing the bolt to work in it, a straight across slot P
may be used instead of spiral slot F shewn in other drawings.
Figures 8 and 9, shew how I attain the same result as a screw or spiral by the use
of a Lor Z shaped groove; the operative part being the slot lineable with case; the
parts of slot at right angles are for gearing and resting purposes only; aud, where
the manuer of interlocking, or otherwise stopping by means of lock bolt or other
contrivance, admits of it, the right augle slots may be dispensed with.
Though I have thus far shewn front bolts and fock bolts in line with each other,
I can make their relative position to each other at any angle that may be desired.
Figures 10 and 11 are examples of this; but I am not limited to these, for, as stated
previously, forun and section can be adapted to any requirement.
Figs. 11 and 11" show sections of Fig. 11.
Figure 12 is an illustration of a radial piston lock bolt which may be hung ou
key pin Dor in any other suitable manner; the front bolt only is shown in operation;
the dotted lines shew where lock bolt travels to when the piston is pushed in and
the locking portion is in gear.
The form of ease and manner of working the lock portion shewn in Figs. 10, 11
and 12 can he readily adapted to bolts and catches where there is little or no vertical
rise of the bolt or catch; in these, instead of clutch or other gearing, I make flats to
tongue or wedge together to prevent turning or sliding.

page_text: In Fig. 3", which is a section of Fig. 3 and consequently of Figs. 1 and 2 also,
I shew a simple but effective form of clutch or stop gear; but I do not confine
myself to this form, for any system of seizing, clutching, tongueing, wedging, or
interlocking may he adopted that will attain the object of this invention:-
Figs. 13, 13,,,", and ", shew a few forms of clutch and seizing gear, but
these by no means exhaust the list of suitable appliances or devices; Fig. 18 shews
how the gear or stop may be shot into side of bolt away from the end instead of
in, or ou, the end; and Fig. 13" shews a simple wedge gear, the wedge part of which
may be extended to any desired length.
The projection or non-projection of piston or lock bolt outside case and the
conformation of the ends thereof may be varied as desired. When either for
appearance sake or other reasons it is thought desirable, lock bolt C may be in
sepamte lengths instead of in one picco; and the back end piece of it-or pash
part may have a spring or other contrivance for the purpose of bringing it back to
its original position after it has pushed the locking part into gear. In Fig. 14 I shew
a portion of lock bolt when in operation, and at back end is seen the push part C
that has pushed the lock bolt into gear and returned to its original position; this is
shown as an example only of the various designs that may be adopted in connection
with the piston arrangement. At Fig. 15, for instance, I shew how the back end
of case may be closed in, and a smaller piston push C, working through a hole or
gland in end, be used for pushing the lock bolt into gear. It will be seun that my
piston armngements may be applied to locks other than my own for pushing the
lock bolts into operation, without the aid of any other mechanism. Figs. 14 and 15
and the description thereof may be taken as illustrating this.
When the section of lock bolt permits of it-as, for instance, in a square or
rectangular bolt-the bolt may be made laminated and the laminations inside the
case form, and be acted upon, as lovers of a lever look. When the section of lock
bolt is partially or wholly angular, the key pin D, which acts as a feather key in
circular sections, can be dispensed with, and the key, if desired, made flat; this
applies to circular sections also if a feather key, or an equivalent, be provided for
bolt C to slide upon.
The projected plan of spiral slot F, shewn in Figure 16, shews how the terminal
part of spiral slots may be made at right angle, or transversely to case, for a sufficient
space for turn over piu to rest in, when bolt is in operation; this plan being especially
useful when bolts are fixed in an upright position. For propelling purposes any
suitable pitch of spiral or screw may be adopted and they may be right or left
banded.
Figure 17, shews how I secure the front bolt from being easily moved from its
position when in or out of operation, and at rest. The turn over pin E is screwed and
the bolt B is tapped to receive it; therefore, by seizing knob on E and screwing the
pin through till it enters a recess provided for it or presses hard against the case,
the bolt is temporarily fastened in position. The saine result may be obtained by
having the knob to act as a nut and screwing it hard down upon the outside of case.
This plan of temporarily securing pins or knobs is applicable to bolting devices other
than those of my design.
The projecting part of front bolts may be made of any length, diameter, or
section; and the lock bolt C may be lengthened-in one or more separate lengths-
to any extent required; so that it can be adapted to work inside the cycle tubes, or
in any other position where it is desirable to fix the bolting and locking devices and
arrangements.
Figure 18, shews bow-where two luge or other fixtures can be made available, for
hollow bush or nut N-Figure 7-to work between-the case A, so far as the bolting
part is concernet, can be dispensed with; the holes in lugs being made to suit the
bolt 0-Fig. 7-so that it can work through them; this, of itself, makes a simple and
effective bolt. The same result may be obtained if the lugs are tapped or a portion
of nut N is secured in each.
Figure 19 shews a section of bolt case when secured to one of cycle tubes; the

page_text: small screw shown is for the purpose of putting a stop to lock bolt being pushed into
gear by anyone desiring to tamper with it. A short rocket slid on to cover piston
part, may also be used as a temporary preventative from meddling.
In any of the piston arrangements, piston rings, or suitable springs in lieu
thereof, inay be used for the purpose of taking up any wear, or keeping the pistons
tight, or the cases may he slitted so as to spring.
In carrying out the improvements in bolting and locking devices, I have avoided
the multiplication of parts, and bave confined myself to simple mechanical
movements; avoiding internal springs, catches, and other devices that are usually
used in locks. Two pieces of metal suitably formed, constitute the internal works of
a combined bolt and lock; each piece of itself performing one function; and these
two pieces, .e. the front bolt and the lock holt, are so designed, that any breakdown
may be considered as a very remote possibility. At the same time the operation of
bolting is performed by one simple movement and another movement effects the
locking; whilst, as a whole, the bolt and lock is so designed that no possible strain
can come upon the working parts.
In this specification and the accompanying drawings I have shown the salient
points of this invention and improvements, and the mauner of carrying them out;
but details may be varied without departing from the main principle; and, as some
of the descriptive matter is introduced for the sake of explanation and clearness only,
I would have it distinctly understood that I disclaim anything and everything in this
specification that does not clearly belong to what is stated as clained by me in the
claims that follow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
I claim is
1. Making a cycle bolt with the front end or operating part so shaped that it will,
when propelled, enter a recess or fit upon a projection prepared or adapted for receiving
it; the back part of bolt being formed in a manner suitable for gearing purposes,
and a pin being attached to the bolt for use in propelling it into action, substantially
as described.
2. Propelling cycle bolts into action by means of a screw or spiral motion, the
necessary movement being obtained by making a suitably shaped slot in the case
containing the bolt, so that, when the propelling or turnover pin-which is attached
to holt is traversed aloug the slot, the necessary propulsion is effected; or, I use
a bolt that is screwed and that fits in a tapped bush or its equivalent; the rotation
of the bush effecting the propulsion of the bolt; or, as an alternative, the bolt may
rotate in the bush, or in bushes prepared for it.
When desirable 1 use L or Z shaped slots, or the operative portions of them,
for the traverse of the propelling pin; substantially as described.
3. Combining with a cycle bolt, a lock bolt; and upon the two bolts forming
gearing that is of any suitable design for acting as clutching, seizing, tongueing,
wedging, or interlocking gear, so that when the two bolts are in gear with each
other, they are interlocked; and the cycle bolt is secured in the position it bas
been propelled to; the whole thereby forming a cycle lock; substantially as
described.
4. Forming a lock holt and the part of case containing it of any desired or
suitable plan and section; one part of lock bolt is made to gear with cycle bolt in
manner described; the push part being made, and acting as, a piston; whilst the
intermediate part is so formed that by means of a suitable key acting upon it, it
can be thrown out of gear with cycle bolt; and, if desired, the lock bolt may he
laminated. The lock bolt is pushed into gear from the outside, but cannot be
withdrawn by any external means; the piston push being so arranged that it is well
within the case when the bolts are in gear; the whole being arranged substantially
as herein described.

page_text: 5. The use of piston pushes of any suitable form for pushing cycle bolts or lock
bolts into action or gear, thereby dispensing with a key for bolting or locking, but
making it necessary to use a key or its equivalent for unbolting or unlocking;
substantially as described.
6. Converting my pistou push lock into a geared closed-in lock, so that
a key or its equivalent, is required for throwing the lock bolt into as well as out of-
gear; substantially as described.
7. Securing cycle bolts in a temporary manner by forming a screw on the
propelling or turnover piu, and tapping the bolt to receive it; so that the pin may
be screwed through into a recess, or pressed hard against the case or other fixture;
or as an alternative, the knot of pin may be tapped, so that it can be screwel hurd
against outside of case or other fixture; substantially as described.
8. Combining any part or parts of the devices and improvements, herein described,
with each other, and applying piston pushes to cycle locks of designs other than my
own, for the purpose of pushing the lock bolts into operation.
9. Making a combined cycle bolt and lock by the use of a bolt worked spirally, or
as otherwise described, for bolting; and using a piston push lock bolt for locking;
and forming upon the two bolts clutch or equivalent gear for interlocking purposes;
and so arranging the bolts, that, when in gear with each other they form a clutch
lock; which by reason of the push part of lock bolt, being, when lock is in operation,
a protected piston, cannot be unlocked or thrown out of gear, witheut a key suited
to the internal formation, substantially as herein described.
Dated this 28th day of May 1897.