IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR RIVETTING UMBRELLA FRAMES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clark of the firm of A M and W Clark, of
53 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of
Patent Agents for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
RIVETTING UMBRELLA FRAMES AND OTHER ARTICLES communicated to
him from abroad by Daniel Marks Redmond, of Philadelphia, in the County
of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd August 1883.
33
WILLIAM CLARK of the firm of A. M. and W. Clark of 53 Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR RIVETTING UMBRELLA FRAMES AND OTHER ARTICLES. [Com-
municated to him from abroad by Daniel Marks Redmond, of Philadelphia, in the
County of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.]
This machine is more especially intended for entering and at the same time
cutting the rivets or pins used in making umbrella frames, and the Invention
consists in the combination of a plunger, feed rolls, knives, and other accessorios
operated by a lever mounted in a frame as hereafter described and driven by hand
or power.
The frame of the machine is cast with a neck, head, table, base, and down-
wardly projecting flanges. Pivoted in the neck is the main operating lover which
is bent and by and through which the plunger knife stock and feed rolls are
operated. The forward end of the lever is enlarged to form a circular head and
the plunger is made with a central passage or recess to receive the head so that
when the lever is moved upon its pivot the plunger will be reciprocated in ways
formed in the head of the frame in which it is held. The lower end of the plunger
is recessed and screw tapped to receive a sleeve which is closed at its lower ond by
a cap. In this recess is a coiled spring which rests upon the upper end of a bolt
in the sleeve, in the lower end of which bolt is secured a centering point or tool

page_text: which protrudes the proper distance from the orifice of the cap of the sleeve. The
spring holds the bolt down with considerable force upon the arm of a bar, which
enters the sleeve through a slot and extends upward along the rear face of the
plunger near to its top where it is bent outward away from the plunger to form
another arm which is provided with a set screw and may be adjusted for regulating 5
the distance of downward movement of the bolt and tool according to the length
of the rivets or pins being inserted; this screw coming in contact with the head
prevents the centering tool from overlapping the wire and wedging in the hole.
When the tool comes against the pin or rivet which is being inserted in the frames,
the spring allows it to give, and the advantage of this tool is that it centers the 1
hole in the umbrella frame in the direct line of upward movement of the wire or
rivet. The wire or rod from which the rivets or pins are cut, is fed up between
the knives the proper distance to form the right length of rivets at each operation
of the lever by feed rollers between the bearing faces of which it is held. Theso
bearing surfaces are by preference guttered to hold the wire against lateral move-
ment. The rollers are geared together and one of them is journalled in blocks
placed in slots formed in the flanges of the frame. The other roller bas ratchet
teeth and is journalled in fixed bearings in the flanges of the frame. The coga
are made of considerable height so that the one roller may be adjusted to and from
the other to vary the contiguity of the bearing surfaces to suit wires or rods of
different sizes. This adjustment is accomplished by a forked plate secured to the
front of the frame of the machine, the limbs of which bear against the outer ends
of plates upon the axle of the one roller. The plate is screwed loosely to the
frame and its lower end may be moved to suit the size of the wire by a set screw.
Intermittent movement is imparted-to-the feed wheels for feeding the wire, this
motion being produced by a pawl lever which is operated from the main-lever-
through a reciprocating yoke and connecting rod, the pawl being held by a spring
in contact with the ratchet. This pawl lever is fulcrumed on a pin which passes
through a block bolted between the flanges of the frame of the machine, and its
rear end is pressed upward against a friction roller on a bolt of the yoke by a
spring on the lower end of the block. The yoke is forked and is mounted on a
pivot which passes through the flanges of the frame and the members of the yoke.
The bolt of the yoke also carries a pawl which is constantly held upward against a
cam by a coiled spring. This cam is placed upon the yoke pivot between the
flanges of the frame of the machine, and when the yoke is reciprocated, is revolved
intermittently by the pawl for operating the knife stock.
In this construction the yoke is reciprocated as above mentioned by the main
lever through the connecting rod, and this movement of the yoke besides giving
intermittent rotary movement to the cam also imparts intermittent rotary motion
to the feed wheel, a roller on the pawl lever being carried forward by the forward
movement of the yoke in the are of a circle and coming in contact with the upper
side or edge of the lever. The length of the connecting rod is adjustable by means
of a screwthreaded coupling so that the movement of the yoke may be varied for
increasing or diminishing the feed of the rollers.
The cam is formed with a series of deep notches, a series of lips or outward
projections, and the series of intermediate plane surfaces, and the knife stock is
pivoted in a throat of the table part of the frame of the machine upon a pin and
its rear end reaches back in the frame and over the cam and is held by a spring in
contact with the surface of the cam.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-When the main lever is carried
back at or about the time it reaches the limit of its backward movement, the rear
end of the knife stock will pass over one of the lips of the cam and drop into one
of the deep notches. In this position the knife stock will hold one of the knives
back away from the edge of the other or stationary knife, leaving a free passage
for the upward movement of the rod or wire. Upon the main lever being carried
forward the rod will be fod up between the knives by the movement of the feed
rollers and about the time the lever reaches the limit of its forward movement the

page_text: the cam.
pawl will be lifted by its spring into one of the deep notches on the lower side of
At this time the umbrella frames (or whatever is to receive the rivet or
pin) are put together and placed over the upper end of the rod or wire. The
main lever is now forced backward and this movement will simultaneously lower
the plunger and turn the cam. The first movement of the cam will cause the
rear end of the knife stock to be raised out of the deep notch in which it had
dropped and to rest upon one of the plain intermediate surfaces of the cam. This
will cause the knife stock to carry the knife forward a sufficient distance to firmly
grasp the rod or wire between it and the edge of the stationary knife. While the
knives are thus grasping the wire or rod, the plunger descends and performs its
work that of pressing or forcing the umbrella frames (or other object) upon the
end of the wire or rod. At this time the point on the plunger serves as a
centering tool for entering the orifices in the parts of the frames and brings them
in line over the upper end of the rod or wire.
.
The rivets used in umbrella frames being always slightly larger than the holes
in which they are to be placed, the insertion of them by hand is slow and difficult,
but the centering tool is smaller than the rivet holes so that it may pass readily
through them and enable the attendant to hold the umbrella frames steadily over
the wire as the latter is pressed up through them.
At the time the plunger completes its descent one of the lips or projections of
the cam will have passed under the end of the knife stock causing the same to be
raised and the upper end of the stock to be carried forward whereby the knives
completely sever the rivet or pin from the wire or rod. The rear end of the knife
stock now drops into the next deep notch of the cain, putting the parts of the
machine in their original position ready for repeating the operation.
The stationary knife may be held in the table in any suitable manner, but is by
preference secured by means of screws, rivets or other means upon an adjustable
plate which is fitted in a dovetailed recess in the table. The other knife is by
preference held in place in the upper end of the knife stock by means of a
dovetailed slot formed in the upper end of the said stock and this knife is made
adjustable by means of a set screw.
A guide finger is secured in a bracket bolted to one side of the table of the
machine for assisting the attendant in holding the frames to be rivetted upon the
upper end of the wire. This guide finger is pivoted and a spring placed under it
so that it may move downwardly when the plunger comes down upon it and
against the guide finger, the attendant holds the frames which are to receive the
pins or rivets so as to steady them upon the upper end of the wire. A guide
plate is secured by means of screws to the front face of the knife stock in the
throat of the frame for guiding the upper end of the wire as it is fed upward
between the knives.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Clark in the Patent Office on the 2nd February 1884.
WILLIAM CLARK of the firm of A. M. and W. Clark of 53 Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents. "IMPROVEMENTS
A com-
munication to me from abroad by Daniel Marks Redmond of Philadelphia in the
County of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America
IN MACHINES FOR RIVETTING UMBRELLA FRAMES AND OTHER ARTICLES
"
This machine is more especially intended for entering and at the same time
cutting the rivets or pins used in making umbrella frames
In the accompanying drawings forming part of this Specification similar letters 1
of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures. Figure 1 is a sectional
side clevation of the invention. Figure 2 is a front elevation showing the machino
mounted upon the table T shown in section. Figure 3 is a sectional plan view
taken on the line x x of figure 2 and showing the manner of holding the
frames to receive the rivet. Figure 4 is also a sectional plan view taken on the
lino y, y of figure 2, and figure 5 is a detailed sectional elevation of the plunger
taken on the line zz of figure 2.
A represents the frame of the machine which is cast-with the-neck_a..head_b,_
table c, base d, and downwardly projecting flanges e, e, Pivoted at in the
neck a of the frame is the main operating bent lover B by and through which the
plunger E knife stock F and feed rolls G G¹ are operated.
The forward end of the lever B is by preference enlarged to form the circular
head B shown in figures 2 and 5 and the plunger is made with the central passage
or recess to receive the said head as shown in said figures, so that when the
lever is moved upon its pivot the plunger will be reciprocated in the ways h, h
formed in the head b of the frame in which it is held. The lower end of the
plunger E is recessed as shown at ; and screw tapped as shown at j¹ figure 5 to
receive the screw threaded sleeve H which is closed at its lower end by the cap k.
In the recess is placed the coiled spring which rests upon the upper end of the
bolt J in the sleeve H. In the lower end of this bolt J is secured the centreing point
or tool m which protrudes the proper distance from the orifice of the cap k. The
spring holds the bolt J down with considerable force upon the arm o of the
bar K
When the tool m comes against the pin or rivet which is being inserted in the
frames the spring allows it to give and the advantage of this tool is that it
centres the hole in the umbrella frame in the direct line of upward movement of
the wire or rivet. The arm o of the bar K enters the sleeve Ĥ through the slot p
and from thence the bar extends upward along the rear face of the plunger near
to the top of the plunger where it is bent outward away from the plunger to form
the arm o¹ which arm is provided with the set screw p' which is adapted to come
upon the upper end of the head b of the frame and may be adjusted for regulating
the distance of downward movement of the bolt J and tool m according to the
length of the rivets or pins being inserted, and this screw coming in contact with
the head prevents the centreing tool m from overlapping the wire T¹ and wedging
in the hole. The wire or rod T" from which the rivets or pins are cut is fed up
between the knives L L' the proper distance to form the right length of rivets at
ench operation of the lever B by the feed rollers G G¹ between the bearing faces q q¹
of which the wire is held as shown in figures 1 and 2. These bearing surfaces are
by preference guttered as shown at i¹ (Figures 2 and 4) to hold the wire against
all danger of lateral movement. The wheel G is formed with the cogs a¹ and is

page_text: journaled in the blocks b¹¹ which are placed in the slots c¹ c¹ formed in the
flanges ee of the frame. The wheel G is formed with the cogs all which mesh
with the cogs a¹ of the wheel G¹ and is formed also with the ratchet teeth d¹ and
the wheel is journaled in fixed bearings formed in the flanges ee of the frame as
shown at O in figure 4. The series of cogs a¹ all are made of considerable length
so that the wheel G' may be adjusted to and from the wheel G to vary the
contiguity of the bearing surfaces q q¹ of the wheels to suit wires or rods of different
sizes. This adjustment is accomplished by the forked plate N, secured to the front
of the frame of the machine, the members as of which bear against the outer ends
of the plates tt formed or secured upon the axle O¹ of the wheel G₁ as shown
clearly in figure 4. The plate N is attached loosely to the frame by means of the
screw e¹ and is adapted to have its lower end moved to suit the size of the wire
by scrow f¹.
It will be understood that intermittent movement is imparted to tho feed
wheels G G¹ for feeding the wire. This motion is produced by the pawl lever P
which is operated from the main operating lever B through the reciprocating
yoke Q and connecting rod U, the pawl w of the lever being held in contact with
the ratchet d' of the wheel G by means of the spring w shown clearly in figure 1.
This pawl lever P is fulcrumed on the pin or bolts which passes through the
block P' bolted between the flanges e e of the frame of the machine and its roar
end is pressed upward against the friction roller g¹ placed upon the bolt 711 of the
yoke by the spring h₁ secured to the lower end of the block P' as shown in
figures 1 and 2. The yoke Q is forked as shown and is pivoted upon the bolt R
which passes through the flanges ee of the frame and the members rr of the
yoke as shown in figure 4. The bolt also carries the pawl S (shown in figure 1)
which is constantly held upward against the cam V (shown in figures 1 and 4)
by the coiled spring k shown in the last mentioned figure. This cam V is placed
upon the bolt R between the flanges ee of the frame of the machine and when
the yoke Qis reciprocated is revolved intermittently upon the said bolt by the
pawl S for operating the knife stock F as hereinafter described.
In this construction the yoke Q is reciprocated as above mentioned by the main
operating lever B through the connecting rod U and this movement of the yoke
besides giving intermittent rotary movement to the cam V also rocks the lever P
upon its pivot for imparting intermittent rotary motion to the feed wheels G G¹ as
above mentioned the roller g¹ being carried forward by the forward movement of
the yoke in the arc of a circle and coming in contact with the upper side or edgo
of the lever as will be understood from figure 1. The length of the connecting
rod U is made adjustable by means of the screw threaded coupling rod u which
enters the internally screw threaded collar v as shown in figure 1, so that the
movement of the yoke may be varied for increasing or diminishing the feed of tho
rollers G G' as circumstances require. The cam V is formed with the series of
deep notches 8 the series of lips or outward projections t" and the series of
intermediate plane surfaces v" and the knife stock F is pivoted in the throat F¹ of
the table part of the frame of the machine upon the pin f" and its rear end v¹
reaches back in the frame and over the cam and is held in contact with the surface
of the cam by means of the spring las clearly shown in figure 1. Thus constructed
the operation and use of the machine will be as follows: When the main operating
lever B is carried back at or about the time it reaches the limit of its backward
movement the rear end of the knife stock will pass over one of the lips t" of
the cam and drop into one of deep notches 8. In this position the knife stock
will hold the knife L back away from the edge of the stationary knife L' leaving a
free passage for the upward movement of the rod or wire T¹. Upon the main
lever being carried forward the rod T¹ will be fed up between the knives by the
movement of the feed rollers and about the time the lever reaches the limit of its
forward movement the pawl S will be lifted by its spring into one of the deep
notches 811 on the lower side of the cam. At this time the umbrella frames y y
(or whatever is to receive the rivet or pin) are put together and placed over the

page_text: upper end of the rod or wire T' as shown in figure 1. The lever B is now to bo
forced backward. This movement will simultaneously lower the plunger E and
turn the cam V. The first movement of the cam will cause the rear end v' of the
knife stock to be raised out of the deep notch 8" in which it had dropped and to
rest upon one of the plain intermediate surfaces v" of the cam. This will cause the
knife stock to carry the knife L forward a sufficient distance to firmly grasp the
rod or wire T¹ between it and the edge of the stationary knife L'. (The rivets
used in umbrella frames being always slightly larger than the holes in which they
are to be placed, the insertion of them by hand is slow and difficult. On the other
hand the tool m is smaller than the rivet holes so that it may pass readily through
them and enable the attendant to hold the umbrella frames steadily over the wire
as the latter is pressed up through them. The guide W is a valuable auxiliary
but it is not sufficient to prevent the frames from wabbling. Hence I have found
it necessary to employ the centreing tool m.) While the knives are thus grasping
the wire or rod the plunger E descends and performs its work, that of pressing or
forcing the umbrella frames (or other object) upon the end of the wire or rod. At
this time the point m serves as a centreing tool for entering the orifices in the parts
of the frames and brings them in line over the upper end of the rod cr wire. At
the time the plunger completes its descent one of the lips or projections t" of the
cam V will have passed under the end v¹ of the knife stock causing the same to be
raised and the upper end of the stock to be carried forward causing the knives to
completely sever the rivet or pin from the wire or rod. The rear end of the knife
stock now drops into the next deep notch of the cam putting the parts of the
machine in their original position ready for repeating the operation.
The stationary knife L may be held in the table in any suitable manner, it
is by preference secured by means of screws, rivets or other means upon the
plate W which is fitted in a dovetailed recess formed in the said table as shown in
figures 1, 2 and 3 and this plate is made adjustable in said.recess by the screw n
for adjusting the knife as clearly shown in said figures. The knife Lis by preference
held in place in the upper end of the knife stock F by means of a dovetailed slot
formed in the upper end of the said stock as shown in figure 3 and this knifo is
made adjustable by means of the screw n¹ as shown clearly in figures 1 and 3.
W (figures 2 and 3) represents a guide finger, secured in the bracket M bolted
to one side of the table c of the frame for assisting the attendant in holding the
frames to be rivetted upon the upper end of the wire as indicated in figure 3. This
guide finger W' is pivoted and a spring placed under it as shown in figure 2 so
that it may move downwardly when the plunger E comes down upon it and against
the guide finger W¹ the attendant holds the frames which are to receive the pins
or rivets so as to stendy them upon the upper end of the wire and M¹ is a guide
plate secured by means of screws to the front face of the knife stock F in the
throat F of the frame for guiding the upper end of the wire T₁ as shown in
figuro 1 as it is fed upward between the knives. The lever B may be operated by
foot steam or other power.
Having described the said Invention and the manner of performing the same I
declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the hereinbefore in
part recited Letters Patent is:
1 The combination of the yoke Q having a bolt ¹ carrying a pawl S with the
cam V, the lever P carrying the pawl w and the feed rollers & G₁ substantially as
shown and described.
2nd The plunger E recessed and screw tapped as described, in combination with
the slotted sleove H provided with a screw fitting said recess, the cup / screwing
into the lower end of said sleeve, the coiled spring the bolt J and the stop bar K
having bent arm o whereby the tool m may be operated as described.
3rd The combination with the stop-bar K having arm o¹ at the upper end of the
screw p¹ and the frame having head b; whereby the centreing tool is provented
from overlapping the wire, as described.
4th The feed rolls G G¹ cogged at a¹ all in combination with the forked plate N

page_text: having the members as the plates t on axle O¹ of the roll G₁ and the screws c¹ f¹
whereby the rolls may be adjusted to the size of the wire, as described.
5th The combination with the ratchet d¹ on whicel G₁ of the lever P having
pawl w, the springs h¹ w' the forked pivoted reciprocating yoke Q the pivoted
rod U and the lever B; whereby the wire is fed intermittently as described.
6th The combination with the pivoted knife stock F having the spring pressed
hook end of the notched cam V having projections and faces v₁ the yoke Q
carrying spring-pawl 8 on bolt jll the pivoted rod U and the lever B; whereby tho
knife stock will be operated as described.
7th The yoke provided with the pawl S and friction roller g' in combination
with the connecting rod U lever B, cam V and the pawl lever P substantially as
described.
8th The plunger E having the spring pressed bolt J in combination with the
bent bar K having the adjusting screw p³ for regulating the distance of downward
movement of the centreing tool with the plunger as and for the purposes set forth.
9th In a rivet press the plunger E provided with a sleeve H having a cap k in
combination with the bolt J and centreing tool m.
10th The rivet press herein shown and described consisting of a main operating
lever B and plunger E in combination with feed rollers G G', knifo stock F
kuives L L cam V yoke Q lever P and connecting rod U as and for the purposes
set forth
In witness whereof I the said William Clark have hereunto set my hand and
scal this Second day of February A.D. 1884.