Improvements in Apparatus for Ventilating, and for Humidifying and Warming and Cooling Air.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 20th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Ventilating, and for Humidifying
and Warming and Cooling Air.
I JOHN ALSTON HART of Higher Bank, Adelaide Terrace Blackburn in the
County of Lancaster England, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide apparatus by means of which fresh air
can be supplied to workshops, or other places (I will refer to it as an apartment)
in a more efficient manner than hitherto and without injurious draughts or violent
currents of air in the portions of the apartment which is occupied by the operatives
or others.
A further object of my invention is to provide means whereby the air can be
humidified, warmed, or cooled by steam, or water, so that the necessary amount of
water, or watery vapour is taken up by the air, and properly distributed without
danger of an objectionable amount of water being emitted by the apparatus so as
to be improperly deposited.
Hitherto when relatively large quantities of fresh air drawn from the outside
atmosphere and discharged into the upper stratum of an apartment in the form of
a relatively thin stratum or disc of fresh air expanding, and flowing quickly away from
its centre of distribution in a horizontal or aproximately horizontal direction (I will
refer to it as a horizontal direction) through or into the upper stratum of the atmosphere
of an apartment, it may have been found when these quick moving currents of fresh
air come in contact with the air of the apartment (I will refer to it as apartment air)
that a relatively large quantity or stream of apartment air is induced to flow along
with the fresh air currents in directions away from its centre of distribution, and
the induced removal of this relatively large quantity or stream of apartment air
from the neighbourhood of the centre of the fresh air discharge, induces further
currents of apartment air to flow inwards, or toward the centre of the neighborhood
of the fresh air discharge for the purpose of replacing the apartment air removed
by inductive influence and caused to flow away from this centre, and as the vertical
height of the apartment above the inhabited strata is usually so limited, and as
there are often many irregular obstructions such as a saw toothed sectioned roof,
pillars, shafting, and pulleys, in the upper stratum, as well as machinery, goods, and
operatives, in the lower or inhabited stratum which interfere with the free flow of
the induced currents of the apartment air, which may again react upon, and cause
deflections of, the fresh air currents and objectionable currents, or draughts of air
in the inhabited strata, as well as limiting the quantity of fresh air which can be
distributed from any given centre of distribution without causing objectionable
draughts or currents in the inhabited strata of the apartment. And one of the
objects of my invention is to provide means, consisting of a suitable fan, or blower,
or other suitable means for actuating the fresh air, and drawing it through suitable
ducts from the outside atmosphere, but in such proximity to the actuating means and
so as to receive this fresh air I arrange means for guiding ejecting, controlling and
diffusing a suitable proportion of the stream of fresh air, from and around its centre
of distribution in the form of a complete, or interupted disc of fresh air rapidly
expanding in a horizontal direction into the upper stratum of the apartment air,

page_text: and also to guide and eject control and diffuse the other part of the fresh air stream
in a suitable manner, and in directions partly vertical and partly inclined to a
horizontal direction, or partly axial, and partly radial directions (I will refer to it
as semi axial directions) into those parts of the atmosphere of the apartment
situated above, or below, or above and below, and around or in relatively close
proximity to the centre of distribution of that part of the fresh air stream which
is discharged in a horizontal direction into the apartment, with the intention that
the whole or a part of the inductive power of the fresh air stream moving rapidly
from its centre of distribution in a horizontal direction may be expended in inducing
a part or the whole of the fresh air stream which was discharged in semi axial
directions, to move partly along with the horizontal currents and away from the
centre of distribution of the fresh air stream, thus partly or entirely enclosing or
shielding the quick moving horizontal streams of fresh air with layers or films of
fresh air moving at a relatively slow velocity, and so by reducing the inductive
influence of the horizontal currents of fresh air upon the apartment air, the air
currents in the inhabited stratum are reduced, and also by applying expanding or
limiting a part, or the whole of, the horizontal inductive influence to the fresh air,
the efficiency of its distribution is increased. And any or all of the means by
which these results are accomplished may be combined with the hereinafter
described means for humidifying and for seperating the surplus humidifying water
from the air currents.
In these cases where a centrifugal fan rotating in a horizontal or aproximately
horizontal plane (I will refer to it as a horizontal plane) is used for suitably
actuating the stream of fresh air drawn through suitable ducts from the outside
atmosphere, and ejected from, or from about its periphery directly, or indirectly
into the upper stratum of the apartment, I may divide the outer parts of the fan
air passages by various arrangements of suitable divisions, fitted between or about
the top and bottom discs of the fan (or their equivalents) and provided with guides
deflectors or vanes for the purpose of dividing, guiding, deflecting, and actuating,
the fresh air streams in the manner, and for the purposes herein indicated, and in
some cases the outer parts of the fan air passages may be divided into three suitably
proportioned horizontal annular spaces, so arranged and provided with propelling
vanes, so that the fresh air passing through them is divided into 3 layers or films
of fresh air, and to these 3 anular spaces I so arrange suitable guides, divisions,
and deflectors, that the upper and lower films are discharged in semi axial upward
and downward directions respectively, and the middle film of fresh air is discharged
in the form of a complete, or interupted disc so as to rapidly expand in a horizontal
direction, or we may utilize the circumferential divisions between the propelling
vanes and between the top and bottom fan discs, combined with suitable guides
divisions, or deflectors, to divide guide and diffuse the fresh air streamis in the
manner and directions required, and I may arrange around the rotating discharge
outlets, stationary discs, rings, or supports, provided with suitable vanes, and
deflectors, so as to reduce in part or altogether the whirling motion imparted to
the fresh oir by the rotations of the fan, and thus reduce the inductive influence of
these air currents, in some cases I may attach, or adjust to the top, or bottom, or
top and bottom discs, of the fan short cylinders, or tubes rotating, or not rotating
with the fan, and provided with deflectors or guides, so as to guide and suitably
deliver that part of the fresh air stream which is delivered in semi axial directions,
and in some cases I may use suitably formed and shaped perforated shields to act
upon and even the flow conditions of the air, water, or watery vapor streams, as for
instance those parts of the fresh air and water streams which are delivered in
semi axial, or other directions may be moving at too great, or irregular a rate of
speed, or in a wrong direction, and by means of the perforated shields, and
deflectors, or guides, I may control the flow conditions of the streams as required,
and I may also use similar means to act upon and control the flow conditions of
that part of the fresh air, and water, or watery vapor streams which are delivered
:

page_text: :
In a horizontal direction, and in the cases in which the means for dividing,
guiding, and diffusing, the fresh air as required are not directly formed in o
rotate with, or located close to the centrifugal fan, or blower, then my improved
means are suitably arranged so as to receive the fresh air from the fan or blower,
through a suitable connecting duct, and then divide, guide, and diffuse the fresh
air stream into the apartment in the manner hereinbefore indicated and I may
also provide dampers or shutters, and air ducts with a sliding tube or other
openings communicating with the fresh or apartment air, and so forming an inlet
duct or orifice to enable the air of the apartment combined, or not combined with
fresh air to pass or circulate through the aparatus, for the purpose of ventilating,
heating, or cooling, humidifying and distributing them into the apartment, so as
to suitably condition or temper the apartment air.
In providing for the humidifying of the air I have in view the desirability of
properly carrying along with the air the proper amount of moisture, but so that
there is no danger of water depositing to an objectionable extent in the neighborhood
of the aparatus. With this object when steam is used for humidifying we arrange
the apparatus so that some, or all of its parts through, over, or above which the
steam, or watery-vapor passes out to be carried forward by the air currents are
heated preparatory to the steam or watery vapor, issuing therefrom, and so also
that the steam expands on entering, this heating I prefer to effect by means of the
steam itself, first traversing in contact with or in close proximity to the said parts
hefore it enters thereto and issues therefrom directly into the air of the apartment,
a convenient and efficient arrangement of means to humidify the air after it has
issued from the fan, or motor consists of a partial or complete ring or a coil of one
or more complete turns and formed of suitable section and provided with outlets,
and an inlet through which a stream of steam of relatively high pressure enters
(this ring or coil I will refer to as the 1st stream ring) and expands to a relatively
low pressure and temperature, and I provide a suitable number and arrangement of
outlets in the 1st steam ring to allow the expanded steam and condensed water to
flow into an annular trough or basin which is provided with a suitable overflow
outlet for draining away the surplus water of condensation, and the height of this
overflow outlet above the bottom of the trough or basin may be such as to retain a
quantity of water so that if the steam be superheated it may take up therefrom
its full charge of water, and the annular trough or basin is also provided with
outlets, shields, deflectors, and divisions, through, over, or from which the steam or
watery vapor may pass directly, or indirectly into the stream of fresh, or apartment
air, and the first steam ring is so arranged that the steam or watery vapor issuing
or passing away from the trough or basin passes over or in close proximity to the
previously warmed 1st steam ring, in some cases the steam issuing from the
1st steam ring may strike and heat one side of the surfaces of the annular trough
or basin or other parts, the other sides of which surfaces form the outlet channels
by which the steam or watery vapor passes into the air currents, and this
humidifying aparatus is so arranged in relation to the air currents that these
currents tend to sweep directly or indirectly any drops of water back into the trough
or basin or onto the warmed surfaces there to be evaporated or drained back into
the basin or trough thus preventing excessive large drops or quantities of water
escaping into the air currents and in some cases I may arrange an overflow channel
or basin around or about this humidifying aparatus to catch and drain away any
drops of water which might otherwise be deposited upon the floor of the apartment.
If in place of steam, water, or steam and water, be used for humidifying the air
and also if a centrifugal fan rotating in a horizontal plane and discharging its
contents at or about its periphery is used for actuating the air or water streams, and
the process of humidification is preceded by the injection of, and intimate
combination of a finely divided stream of water, or steam and water, with the
stream of air before or as they enter the supply duct or fan, wherein, and whereby
they are so whirled and closely intermingled together as to afford a sufficient
opportunity for the air to absorb a part, or all of its full charge of moisture from

page_text: the humidifying stream, and these combined streams of air and water or water
vapor being discharged at or about the periphery of the fan into, through, and
from a casing with outlets arranged around and partly enclosing the fan, and a part
of its inlet duct, and within, or about this casing are means for seperating and
draining the surplus water from the air currents, and the outlets from this casing
being so arranged in relation to the seperating means, that before the air and water
or watery vapor carried thereby pass out of the said outlets, only such fine globules
of water as can be carried by the air and properly distributed can issue with the air
from the said outlets, and to effect this separation and drainage the separating
and draining means are located entirely or in part inside the casing, and may
consist of perforated sheets, rings, cages, and draining surfaces, chambers, and
channels, suitably formed and arranged around or about and attached, or not
attached to, and rotating, or not rotating, with the top, or bottom, or top and
bottom, discs of the fan (or their equivalents) so that the currents of air and water,
or watery vapor passing and being guided over, about, or through them in a
centrifugal, or other directions may be seperated and drained apart from each other,
and in those cases where a part or all of the perforated sheets cages, rings,
drainage chambers, or channels, rotate inside the casing,. their efficiency as
seperators may be much increased thereby, and the outer surfaces of the top and
bottom fan discs may also be used as centrifugal seperating means, and in addition
to the above seperating and draining means annular rings, discs, deflectors, guides,
and spiral, or other formed channels, as well as chambers, and drain pipes, may be
used to change the condition of, or direction of motion of, or to alternately quicken,
or slower, or expand, and concentrate, the air and water currents and thus enable
the air currents to throw out of its circuit, or path, and so drain apart, the surplus
water or watery vapor from the air currents, and in those cases where a suitable
fan is not directly available for the purpose of actuating and seperating in com-
bination with the above means, inside the casing which partialy encloses the
seperating aparatus, thin suitable guides and ducts may be used to influence and
control the directions and conditions of flow, of the air and water or watery vapor
streams, passing through the seperating device and we may arrange basins grooves
or channels around or about the air outlets to catch and drain away any
excessive moisture before it drips upon the floor of the apartment, and also the
surfaces or parts which may be damaged by the action of the water, or steam
may be covered with vitrified, or other enamel, or otherwise protected, and the
air may pass out at the top, or bottom, or top and bottom, of the seperating
device on its way to, or through the parts which divide, direct, and control its
flow into the atmosphere of the apartment. I may also locate a heating coil,
damper, and inlet hood in suitable parts of or about the air duct and in some
cases I may affix to the fan discs, or other parts, arms, or projections, or discs,
with vanes attached thereto, to actuate or rotate the air & water, or watery
vapor streams inside the casing of the seperating aparatus, to increase the
seperating efficiency thereof, and a centrifugal pump, or other device may be
formed in one with, or attached to, or function with, the air fan, and provided
with suitable pipes, nozzles, and a screening, or filtering means, to actuate, receive,
filter, and deliver in a finely divided condition, the streams of water used for
humidifying the air currents, and in some cases may arrange the humidifying and
seperating aparatus in, or about any part of the aparatus through which the air
currents enter, or flow, and I may use ducts, pipes, or nozzles, and a stream of air
under pressure from the fan or blower as means for breaking up, or spraying the
stream of humidifying water, and mixing it with the air streams.
Dated this Nineteenth day of Janu1004

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Ventilating, and for Humidifying
and Warming and Cooling Air.
I JOHN ALSTON HART of Higher Bank, Adelaide Terrace, Blackburn, in the
County of Lancaster, England, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide apparatus by means of which fresh air
can be supplied to workshops or other places (I will refer to it as an apartment)
in a more efficient manner than hitherto and without injurious draughts or violent
currents of air in the portions of the apartment air which is occupied by the
operatives or others. A further object of my invention is to provide means
whereby the air can be humidified, warmed or cooled by steam, or water so that
the necessary amount of water, or watery vapour is taken up by the air, and
properly distributed without danger of an objectionable amount of water being
emitted by the apparatus so as to be improperly deposited.
Hitherto when relatively large quantities of fresh air drawn from the outside
atmosphere and discharged into the upper stratum of an apartment in the form of
a relatively thin stratum or disc of fresh air expanding, and flowing quickly away
from its centre of distribution in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction
(I will refer to it as a horizontal direction) through or into the upper stratum of
the atmosphere of an apartment, it may have been found when these quick moving
currents of fresh air come in contact with the air of the apartment (I will refer to
it as apartment air) that a relatively large quantity or stream of apartment air is
induced to flow along with the fresh air currents in directions away from its centre
of distribution, and the induced removal of this relatively large quantity or stream
of apartment air from the neighbourhood of the centre of the fresh air discharge,
induces further currents of apartment air to flow inwards, or toward the centre of
the neighbourhood of the fresh air discharge for the purpose of replacing the
apartment air removed by inductive influence and caused to flow away from this
centre, and as the vertical height of the apartment above the inhabited strata is
usually so limited and as there are often many irregular obstructions such as a
saw toothed sectional roof, pillars, shafting, and pullies, in the upper stratum, as
well as machinery, goods, and operatives, in the lower or inhabited stratum which
interfere with the free flow of the induced currents of the apartment air, which may
again react upon, and cause deflections of the fresh air currents, and objectionable
currents, or draughts of air in the inhabited strata, as well as limiting the quantity
of fresh air which can be distributed from any given centre of distribution without
causing objectionable draughts or currents in the inhabited strata of the apartment.
And one of the objects of my invention is to provide means, consisting of a suitable
fan or blower, or other suitable means for actuating the fresh air, and drawing it
through suitable ducts from the outside atmosphere, but in such proximity to the
actuating means and so as to receive this fresh air I arrange means for guiding,
ejecting, controlling and diffusing a suitable proportion of the stream of fresh air,
from and around its centre of distribution in the form of a complete, or interrupted
disc of fresh air rapidly expanding in a horizontal direction into the upper stratum
of the apartment air, and also to guide and eject control and diffuse the other part
of the fresh air stream in a suitable manner and in directions partly vertical and
partly inclined to a horizontal direction, or partly axial, and partly radial directions
(I will refer to it as seni axial directions) into those parts of the atmosphere of the
apartment situated above, or below, or above and below, and around or in relatively
close proximity to the centre of distribution of that part of the fresh air stream

page_text: which is discharged in a horizontal direction into the apartment, with the intention
that the whole or a part of the inductive power of the fresh air stream moving rapidly
from its centre of distribution in a horizontal direction may be expended in inducing
a part or the whole of the fresh air stream which was discharged in semi axial
directions, to move partly along with the horizontal currents and away from the
centre of distribution of the fresh air stream thus partly or entirely enclosing or
shielding the quick moving horizontal streams of fresh air with layers or films of
fresh air moving at a relatively slow velocity, and so by reducing the inductive
influence of the horizontal currents of fresh air upon the apartment air, the air
currents in the inhabited stratum are reduced, and also by applying expending or
limiting a part, or the whole of the horizontal inductive influence to the fresh air,
the efficiency of its distribution is increased and any or all of the means by which
these results are accomplished may be combined with the hereinafter described
means for humidifying and for separating the surplus humidifying water from the
.air currents. In those cases where a centrifugal fan rotating in a horizontal or
approximately horizontal plane (I will refer to it as a horizontal plane) is used for
suitably actuating the stream of fresh air drawn through suitable ducts from the
outside atmosphere, and ejected from, or from about its periphery directly or
indirectly into the upper stratum of the apartment, I may divide the outer parts of
the fan air passages by various arrangements of suitable divisions, fitted between or
about the top and bottom discs of the fan (or their equivalents) and provided with.
guides deflectors or vanes for the purpose of dividing, guiding, deflecting and
actuating the fresh air streams in the manner and for the purposes herein indicated,
and in some cases the outer parts of the fan air passages may be divided into three
suitably proportioned horizontal annular spaces, so arranged and provided with
propelling vanes, so that the fresh air passing through them is divided into 3 layers
or films of fresh air, and to these 3 annular spaces I so arrange suitable guides,
divisions, and deflectors that the upper and lower films are discharged in semi axial
upward and downward directions respectively, and the middle film of fresh air is
-discharged in the form of a complete or interrupted disc so as to rapidly expand in
a horizontal direction, or I may utilize the circumferential divisions between the
propelling vanes and between the top and bottom fan discs, combined with suitable
guides divisions, or deflectors to divide guide and diffuse the fresh air streams
in the manner and directions required, and I may arrange around the rotating
discharge outlets stationary discs, rings, or supports, provided with suitable vanes
and deflectors, so as to reduce in part or altogether the whirling motion imparted
to the fresh air by the rotations of the fan, and thus reduce the inductive influence
of these air currents, in some cases I may attach or adjust to the top, or bottom, or
top and bottom discs, of the fan short cylinders, or tubes rotating, or not rotating
with the fan, and provided with deflectors or guides, so as to guide and suitably
deliver that part of the fresh air stream which is delivered in semi axial directions,
and in some cases I may use suitably formed and shaped perforated shields to act
upon and even the flow conditions of the air, water, or watery vapour streams as
for instance those parts of the fresh air and water streams which are delivered in
semi axial, or other directions may be moving at too great, or irregular a rate of
speed or in a wrong direction, and by means of the perforated shields and deflectors,
or guides, I may control the flow conditions of the stream as required and I may
also use similar means to act upon and control the flow conditions of that part of
the fresh air, and water, or watery vapour streams which are delivered in a
horizontal direction, and in the cases in which the means for dividing, guiding and
diffusing the fresh air as required are not directly formed in or rotate with, or
located close to the centrifugal fan or blower, these my improved means are
suitably arranged so as to receive the fresh air from the fan or blower through a
suitable connecting duct, and then divide, guide, and diffuse the fresh air
.stream into the apartment in the manner hereinbefore indicated and I may also
provide dampers or shutters, and air ducts with a sliding tube or other openings
-communicating with the fresh or apartment air, and so forming an inlet duct

page_text: or orifice to enable the air of the apartment combined, or not combined with fresh
air to pass or circulate through the apparatus for the purpose of ventilating,
heating, or cooling, humidifying and distributing them into the apartment, so as to
suitably condition or temper the apartment air.
In providing for the humidifying of the air I have in view the desirability of
properly carrying along with the air the proper amount of moisture, but so that
there is no danger of water depositing to an objectionable extent in the neighbour-
hood of the apparatus. With this object when steam is used for humidifying I
arrange the apparatus so that some or all of its parts through over or about whic'
the steam or watery vapour passes out to be carried forward by the air currents are
heated preparatory to the steam or watery vapour issuing therefrom, and so also
that the steam expands on entering, this heating I prefer to effect by means of the
steam itself first traversing in contact with or in close proximity to the said parts
before it enters thereto and issues therefrom directly into the air of the apartment
a convenient and efficient arrangement of means to humidify the air after it has
issued from the fan or motor consists of a partial or complete ring or a coil of one
or more complete turns and formed of suitable section and provided with outlets and
an inlet through which a stream of steam of relatively high pressure enters (this ring
or coil I will refer to as the 1st steam ring) and expands to a relatively low pressure
and temperature, and I provide a suitable number and arrangement of outlets in
the 1st steam ring to allow the expanded steam and condensed water to flow into
an annular trough or basin which is provided with a suitable overflow outlet for
draining away the surplus water of condensation, and the height of this overflow
outlet above the bottom of the trough or basin may be such as to retain a quantity
of water so that if the steam be superheated it may take up therefrom its ful
charge of water, and the annular trough or basin is also provided with outlets,
shields, deflectors and divisions, through over or from which the steam or watery
vapour may pass directly, or indirectly, into the stream of fresh, or apartment air,
and the first steam ring is so arranged that the steam or watery vapour issuing or
passing away from the trough or basin passes over or in close proximity to the
previously warmed 1st steam ring, in some cases the steam issuing from the
1st steam ring may strike and heat one side of the surfaces of the annular trough or
basin or other parts, the other sides of which surfaces form the outlet channels by
which the steam or watery vapour passes into the air currents, and this humidifying
apparatus is so arranged in relation to the air currents that these currents tend to
sweep directly or indirectly any drops of water back into the trough or basin or
onto the warmed surfaces there to be evaporated or drained back into the basin or
trough thus preventing excessive large drops or quantities of water escaping into.
the air currents and in some cases I may arrange an overflow channel or basin
around or about this humidifying apparatus to catch and drain away any drops of
water which might otherwise be deposited upon the floor of the apartment. If in
place of steam, water, or steam and water be used for humidifying the air and also
if a centrifugal fan rotating in a horizontal plane and discharging its contents at or
about its periphery is used for actuating the air or water streams, and the process
of humidification is preceded by the injection of, and intimate combination of a
finely divided stream of water, or steam and water, with the stream of air before or
as they enter the supply duct or fan, wherein, and whereby they are so whirled and
closely intermingled together as to afford a sufficient opportunity for the air to
absorb a part or all of its full charge of moisture from the humidifying stream, and
these combined streams of air and water or water vapour being discharged at or
about the periphery of the tan into through and from a casing with outlets arranged
around and partly enclosing the fan and a part of its inlet duct, and within or about
this casing are means for separating and draining the surplus water from the air
currents, and the outlets from this casing being so arranged in relation to the
separating means that before the air and water or watery vapour carried thereby
pass out of the said outlets, only such fine globules of water as can be carried by.
the air and properly distributed can issue with the air from the said outlets, and to

page_text: effect this separation and drainage the separating and draining means are located
entirely or in part inside the casing, and may consist of perforated sheets, rings,
cages and draining surfaces, chambers, and channels, suitably formed and arranged
around or about and attached, or not attached to, and rotating, or not rotating,
with the top, or bottom, or top and bottom discs of the fan (or their equivalents) so
that the currents of air and water, or watery vapour passing and being guided over
about or through them in a centrifugal or other direction may be separated and
drained apart from each other, and in those cases where a part or all of the
perforated sheets, cages, rings, drainage chambers or channels, rotate inside the
casing, their efficiency as separators may be much increased thereby, and the outer
surfaces of the top and bottom fan discs may also be used as centrifugal separating
means, and in addition to the above separating and draining means annular rings,
discs, deflectors, guides, and spiral or other formed channels, as well as chambers
and drain pipes, may be used to change the condition of, or direction of motion of
or to alternately quicken, or slower, or expand and concentrate, the air and water
current and thus enable the air currents to throw out of its circuit, or path, and so
drain apart the surplus water, or watery vapour, from the air currents, and in those
cases where a suitable fan is not directly available for the purpose of actuating and
separating in combination with the above means, inside the casing which partially
encloses the separating apparatus, then suitable guides and ducts may be used to
influence and control the directions and conditions of flow, of the air and water,
or watery vapour streams, passing through the separating device and I may
arrange basins grooves or channels around or about the air outlets to catch
and drain away any excessive moisture before it drips upon the floor of
the apartment, and also the surfaces or parts which may be damaged by
the action of the water, or steam may be covered with vitrified, or other
enamel, or otherwise protected, and the air may pass out at the top, or
bottom, or top and bottom, of the separating device on its way to or through
the parts which divide direct and control its flow into the atmosphere of the
apartment. I may also locate a heating coil, damper and inlet hood in suitable
parts of or about the air duct and in some cases I may affix to the fan discs or
other parts, arms or projections or discs with vanes attached thereto, to actuate or
rotate the air and water or watery vapour streams inside the casing of the
separating apparatus, to increase the separating efficiency thereof, and a centrifugal
pump or other device may be formed in one with or attached to, or function with
the air fan, and provided with suitable pipes nozzles, and a screening, or filtering
means, to actuate, receive, filter and deliver in a finely divided condition the streams
of water used for humidifying the air currents, and in some cases I may arrange
the humidifying and separating apparatus in or about any part of the apparatus
through which the air currents enter, or flow, and I may use ducts pipes or nozzles,
and a stream of air under pressure from the fan or blower as means for breaking
up or spraying the stream of humidifying water and mixing it with the air
streams.
The distribution of the air for ventilating as described can be effected by enclosing
the fan or the like in a perforated cage with perforations properly proportioned and
arranged to attain the required effect as hereinbefore described or the ducts from
the fan can be connected with passages or have deflectors and diverting surfaces
arranged in proximity thereto so as to cause a current or currents of air to be
projected outwards in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction to the
requisite distance into the apartment and currents of air to be emitted above and
below the horizontal or approximately horizontal current or currents such that the
movement of these currents on either side is comparatively slight or insufficient to
cause injurious disturbance of the apartment air by the action of the current or
currents projected in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction. This can
be effected by means of a drum surrounding the fan or the like the said drum being
perforated with perforations of a size and distribution and of a length sufficient to
alter the character of the currents from the fan or change their motion at the

page_text: portions required so that the air issues from the mid-portion of the drum to give
the required horizontal or approximately horizontal current or currents and so
that the air on either side thereof issues so as to constitute the slow moving or
what may be termed protective current or currents or films of air as hereinbefore
explained. There may be tubes inserted through the drum for the passage of air
to supply the horizontal or approximately horizontal currents.
To humidify and condition the air water or steam may enter the casing and to
separate excessive moisture the air is caused to come into contact with surfaces
arranged so as to cause the currents of air to deposit excess of moisture into suitable
channels the air being caused to pass out by displacement at an opening or openings
provided for the purpose so that it finally issues into the apartment from an opening
or openings in the casing without excess of moisture but properly humidified and
conditioned. The impingement surfaces for the air may be arranged horizontally
with passages for the air alternately at either side or they may be arranged vertically
or at intermediate positions with openings passages or outlets above and below and
with drainage channels all so arranged that excess of moisture is caused to be inter-
cepted by the said surfaces and the moisture separated drained away the air having
its character changed by its passage through the apparatus or by a cage or its
equivalent as hereinbefore set forth so that it enters the apartment free from
objectionable moisture and in a condition in which it does not cause objectionable
currents in the apartment or in horizontally or approximately horizontally
projected current or currents enclosed as it were between air which is of a
character as regards its movements such as to prevent the setting up by the current
or currents between of objectionable movements of the air of the apartment
substantially as herein before described.
The air may be caused to pass inwards through a perforated cylinder or casing
to separate or partially separate excess of moisture before it passes outwards again
to be distributed as described. The air can be heated and cooled as desired by
properly admitting heating or cooling media to the apparatus to heat cool and
condition the air for supply to the apartment.
Figure represents in vertical section and Figure 2 in horizontal section a
ventilating apparatus constructed according to my invention the ventilating fan
being arranged to rotate in a horizontal plane.
Figures 3 to 16 illustrate various other constructions of ventilating apparatus
according to my invention.
Figure 17 is a vertical section and Figure 18 a plan of a ventilator of larger size
provided with means for humidifying the air without allowing water to be
improperly deposited in the apartment and Figure 19 is a side elevation partly in
section.
Figure 20 a plan and Figure 21 an end view of another form of ventilator having
a ventilating fan arranged to rotate in a vertical plane and more especially suitable
for situations where vertical height is such as to render this arrangement more
suitable than the other arrangements where the fan rotates in a horizontal plane.
Figures 22 and 23 are respectively a vertical section and a plan of one half and
one quarter respectively of a ventilating and air conditioning apparatus constructed
according to my invention with the fan arranged to rotate in a horizontal plane and
Figures 24 to 33 illustrate apparatus in which the air, which is humidified by means
of steam or water or both is so deflected and diverted or baffled in its course that
surplus water is removed so that when the air issues from the apparatus the
moisture is in such a form as not to be improperly deposited in the apartment.
Figures 34 and 35 shew an arrangement with the fan at top and an inlet for air
from the apartment below, an annular discharge passage for the air being shown on
the left hand side of these figures and a perforated cage h and an arrangement of
discharge nozzles m on the right hand side.
Referring to Figures 1, 1 and 2 A represents the lower end of a duct or air
inlet from the exterior of a building (the upper end of this duct is shewn in Figure 1*)
and communicating with a fan B with blades B' connected to a sleeve fitted to turn

page_text: in a horizontal plane on a spindle C carried by a boss which is connected by arms to a
ring D secured to the lower end of the duct A. Surrounding the duct A are t vo
concentric cylinders g h with an annular space between them open at top a similar
annular space open at top being left between the inner cylinder and the duct A.
The blades or vanes B2 of the fan B are curved as shewn in Figure 2 and are
secured to the top and bottom plates or annular discs a and b respectively.
Surrounding the periphery of the fan are three stationary horizontal annular
diaphragms or rings c d e between which are provided curved vanes or deflecting
plates. The diameter of the fan illustrated in these figures is assumed to be
18 inches and the outlet for air between the plates a and two inches in height
the other parts of the apparatus being relatively proportioned as shewn. In the
duct or air inlet A there is provided a coil of pipe (not shown) through which stean
from any suitable source is caused to pass. The bore of this pipe for a ventilating
apparatus of the size given can advantageously be of an inch and the diameter
of the coil from centre to centre of the pipe may be 10 inches and the number of
convolutions in the coil can be twenty-seven and a steam pressure of 100 per square
inch is suitable. The air enters the duct A through angular passages (Figure 1)
in the upper end of the duct beneath which passages is a valve or damper & by
means of which the passage for the air to the fan can be regulated. A suitable
speed at which to drive this fan is 1000 revolutions per minute. It delivers a
portion of the air between the rings c d and up between the cylinders g h out at
the top thereof, and a portion through the passage between the rings d and e in a
horizontal or approximately horizontal direction into the upper part of the apart-
ment. The vanes serve to direct the air into a more radial direction and reduce
the whirling motion of the air in the apartment and increase the efficiency of
the apparatus.
i
The air which passes up between the cylinders 9 ½ may strike or pass near to
the ceiling of the apartment and in part or altogether join the air stream which is
discharged horizontally through the rings d and e a suitable elevation for the
apparatus to be fixed is such that the rings d and e are from 8 to 10 feet above the
floor of the apartment.
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 3 and 4 an additional horizontal diaphragm
or ring is provided round the periphery of the fan B and the cylinders are
provided below the fan. By this arrangement the air from the fan is distributed
through three horizontal passages instead of through two only as in the arrange-
ment Figures 1 and 2 and in a downward as well as in an upward direction through
the annular space between the cylinders g h g² h³.
When the height of the apparatus above the floor is not sufficient to allow the
downward air current to expand and join the air horizontally projected a deflector
may be used below the outlet for the air from between the cylinders g² h².
The arrangement may be modified by using in place of the cylinders 9 and g
a perforated sheet (similar to that used in the arrangement Figure 7) fitted to the
lower and upper ends respectively of the cylinders 2 and -to slow down and
condition the currents of air which pass through it.
In the arrangement illustrated by Figures 5 and 6 the horizontal diaphragms d
and e are inclined towards each other so as to maintain the pressure of air at
their outer periphery at which point the distance between them may be advan-
tageously of an inch and instead of concentric cylinders surrounding the fan
there are connected to the diaphragms two conical rings or walls g gª
connected at their upper and lower edges respectively to the upper and lower
edges respectively of the perforated cylinders h h thereby forming au annular
triangular shaped chamber or cage above and below the diaphragms d and e.
Between the diaphragms c c and d e are stationary vanes f to stop or lessen the
rotation of the air. The air from the fan is discharged partly through the passage
between the diaphragins d and e directly into the apartment being. projected
horizontally, with considerable speed and another part of the air passes between
the diaphragms d and cand e and into the triangular shaped annular chambers,

page_text: or cage and thence is diffused into the apartment by passing through the perforations
in the cylinders of which perforations there may advantageously be 28 per
square inch of external surface each perforation being of an inch in diameter
arranged similarly to the arrangement shewn in Figure 8 the thickness of the
cylinders being of an inch but in cases where the stationary vanes are not
used the thickness of the plate (or length of the perforations) should be about
of an inch so that the air may be suitably delivered into the apartment and in
this case it will be advantageous to double the depth of the perforated cylinders
and by spacing the same total number of perforations as in Figure 5 further
apart the air currents passing from them will be better diffused and have less
inductive influence upon the apartment air but I prefer the perforated cylinder h
as in Figure 7 in this respect.
In the arrangement illustrated by Figures 7 and 8 the periphery of the fan B
is surrounded by concentric cylinders g g² and h connected together at their upper
and lower ends respectively by plates so as to form an annular chamber round
the fan. The outer cylinder is provided with curved nozzles m arranged in the
line of direct blast from the fan and through these nozzles a portion of the air
passes in a horizontal direction into the apartment with considerable speed another
portion of the air from the fan passing into the apartment in a diffused condition
through the perforations in the cylinder h. A sample of the perforated material
for the cylinder his shewn in Figure 8. To give a good effect the diameter of
the perforations for an apparatus of the kind shewn should be 10 of an inch and
the number of perforations to the square inch of external surface should be 20
and the thickness of the material of the cylinder (that is the length of the tubes
formed by the perforations) should be about 20 of an inch. The nozzles m can
advantageously be 1 inches internal diameter if the fan be driven at a speed of
about 1000 revolutions per minute whilst one inch diameter will be suitable if the
fan be driven at about 1300 revolutions per minute.
In each of the arrangements Figures 5 and 6, and Figures 7 and 8 the fan is
presumed to be about 18 inches in diameter at the ends of the blades.
h
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 9 and 10 the cylinder g hereinbefore
described is dispensed with, the fan being surrounded by, or enclosed in, a drum or
cage having a perforated periphery (with perforations similar to those of the
cylinder in Figures 7 & 8) through the perforations of which the air passes into
the apartment. In Figure 9 a ring of stationary curved blades or deflectors f
(between the rings c and e) similar to those herein before described is arranged
round the periphery of the fan to direct the air in a radial direction and so increase
the efficiency of the fan B. The perforations may be the same throughout the
cylinder but in order to give a better distribution of the air in the cylinder h
directly opposite the periphery of the fan a ring ³ may be attached to or formed
in one with the interior of the cylinder for the purpose of increasing the length
of the perforations to about 6 of an inch the perforations through the ring and
the cylinder at this part may be made closer together and of larger diameter say
of an inch so as to serve as forcing jets for the centrally horizontally projected
currents.
"
In place of these larger perforations in the periphery of the drum, nozzles m
may be provided on the drum as shewn in Figures 11 and 12 the said nozzles being
curved in the direction of the blast from the fan the ring of curved blades or
deflecting plates herein before described being dispensed with in this arrangement.
A suitable speed for driving the 18 inches diameter fans in the arrangements
Figures 9 to 12 is about 1300 revolutions per minute. A suitable internal
diameter for the outlets of the jets m Figs. 11 and 12 is 1 inches whilst the jets
arranged as at m Fig. 12 may be one inch internal diameter at their outlets.
In the arrangement shewn in Figs. 13 and 14 a portion of the air from the fan is
conducted into a triangular annular chamber o surrounding the lower part of the
air duct A the said chamber being formed by an outer perforated cylinder or
with perforations as in Figs. 7 and 8 and an inner conical wall 9 connected
cage

page_text: together at their upper ends the lower end of the conical wall y being connected
to the annual diaphragm or ring c which surrounds the periphery of the fan and
which forms with the diaphragm or ring e a channel by which the air is conducted
partly into the triangular chainber o and partly into upwardly curved or projecting
nozzles extending outside the cylinder to about the centre of the height.
Eight of these nozzles m are shewn as being arranged around the exterior of the
cylinder as this is a suitable number to provide for considerable energy of projec-
tion and distribution but I do not limit myself to this number. The air is projected
with considerable speed through the nozzles m which should be 13 of an inch
internal diameter at their outlet ends and is diffused and supplied above and below
it by passing through the cage h. A suitable speed for an 18 inch fan in this
arrangement is about 1300 revolutions per minute.
In the arrangement shewn in Figs. 15 and 16 the air distributing passages (like
those shewn in Figures 13 and 14) are arranged above the fan. The air from the
fan enters an annular chamber o formed by two conical concentric casings n² and
horizontal diaphragms or rings cand e at the bottom and similar diaphragms or
rings eat top. This annular chamber o communicates with another annular
chamber o² formed by two conical walls gg² and an outer perforated cylinder or
cage h one end of each of the conical walls g g² being connected respectively to the
horizontal diaphragms their other ends being connected respectively to the
upper and lower edge of the outer perforated cylinder or cage h. Nozzles m (say
of 1 inch internal diameter at their outer ends) are provided in the outer cylinder /
directly opposite where the chamber o opens into the chamber o³ through which
nozzles a portion of the air passes with considerable speed into the apartment
whilst the other portion of the air passes into the apartment through the perfora-
tions in the cylinder so as to be diffused and supplied above and below the jets
passing from the nozzles m. The perforations in the cylinder h of this ventilator
can advantageously be 125 of an inch in diameter and 16 of an inch in length
(thickness of the material of the cylinder ) and the number of perforations may
advantageously be 31.8 to the square inch of external surface of the said cylinder
and be arranged in a manner similar to that shewn in Fig. 8ª.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 17, 18 and 19 the fan B (presumed to be
18 inches in diameter) is arranged to rotate in a vertical plane and is mounted on a
spindle C carried by a ring D fixed to the delivery end of the air duct A. The
fan and delivery end of the said air duct are surrounded by a cylinder G portions p
of which are perforated on diametrically opposite sides, and each to an extent
circumferentially of, or about, of the circumference of the cylinder. The
arrangement of the perforations may be as in Figure 8. The part of the said
cylinder which surrounds the periphery of the fan and for a short distance beyond
is unperforated as shewn at q and through this unperforated part pipes m (say of
1 inch internal bore) open directly opposite the periphery of the fan. These
pipes mare carried along and at their other ends open along the sides of the
cylinder at or about midway of the perforated portion at each side, half the pipes
opening along one side of the cylinder, and the other half along the other side.
The said pipes m may be tapered from 1 inches to 14 inches at the outlet end,
and they form the nozzles by which horizontal currents of considerable speed are
introduced into the apartment whilst fresh diffused air to supply the inductive
effect of the said jets is introduced into the apartment by the perforated sides of
the cylinder in proximity to the said jets.
m
Extending along on opposite sides of the said cylinder humidifiers are arranged
consisting of a trough H containing a piper through which steam is passed. The
said piper may advantageously be inch internal diameter and the perforations t
be spaced about 3 inches apart and be inch diameter.
In the drawing somewhat different forms are shewn on each side of Figure 18.
From the lower side of the steam pipe r in the arrangement shewn on the right
hand side a plate s depends, and the steam pipe is perforated at one side of the
said plate as at t-the steam issues from these perforations into the trough H and

page_text: thence beneath the plates and out from the upper part of the trough by the
outlet u then mingling with the air issuing from the apparatus, any objectionable
globules of water being deposited in the trough H and passing off by the syphon
pipe h³.
U IS a
In the construction shewn on the left hand side the steam piper is supported
on a plate s attached to the bottom of the trough the perforations in the pipe r
being at both sides of the plate, and close thereto and parallel therewith.
deflector or guard plate to prevent the jets of steam from excessively agitating
water of condensation, that may be in the trough H. The outlet u is shewn as
being a slit between vertical lips, instead of being of the form shewn on the right
hand side. A deflector & may be used to guide the steam gently into the air
currents. Channels are in both constructious provided in the upper part of the
trough in which channels any water that may deposit on the outer surface is
received and re-evaporated or drained off. This fan can be advantageously run at
about 1000 revolutions per minute. The air-duct may be provided in the interior
with heating or cooling pipes, such as the coil I have herein before described for
example, for the purpose of heating or cooling the air in its passage to the fan.
In the apparatus illustrated by Figures 20 and 21 a humidifier like that shewn on
the right hand side of Figure 18 but ring shaped is shewn applied to a ventilating
apparatus somewhat like that shewn in Figures 15 and 16, but the fan is not low
down, and so the passage o is horizontal throughout.
The parts are lettered as in Figures 15, 16 and 18. Any water of condensation
which runs down the drum is received in the trough y, and passes into the trough w
by the pipe y' and any water which runs down the outside of the trough H is
received in the troughs w and w² and will be evaporated by the heat of the trough
or can be led to any suitable place of discharge. The cage (which is perforated
similarly to that of the arrangement Figures 15 and 16) is shewn as being
supported by the arms a which by the attachments shewn at a² and the strips a³
also support the humidifier H.
Figures 22 and 23 shew as applied to an air distributor of the character shewn
in Figures 15 and 16 deflectors for baffling the moistened air supplied by the fan
and depositing water so as to prevent it being carried into the apartment in a
condition in which it would be improperly deposited. The air (previously charged
with steam or water) first enters the casing 1 and then passes out therefrom and
under the plate 2 then upwards and under the plate 3 and between it and the
plate 4 and thence to the nozzles m and cage h. Water which deposits on plates
drains down therefrom the principal part entering the casing 1 and passing away
by the syphon 5. Water of condensation which deposits on the upper side of the
plate 2 passes down the tubes 12. That which deposits on the underside of the
upper part of the plate 3 enters the trough 6 and passes by the pipes 7 to
the lower part of the apparatus. Any moisture which may deposit on the h
passes from it into the trough 8 and the water so deposited can pass by openings
formed for the purpose so that it also runs into the syphon pipes 5. The fan in
this and the arrangement next described can advantageously be about 19 inches
diameter and be driven at about 1,300 revolutions per minute.
cage
In Figures 24 and 25 I have shown the same arrangement of deflecting and
depositing plates applied to an arrangement without the cage and nozzles m and
the parts are marked with the same letters of reference.
The plate 4 is perforated as shewn and the perforations may be like those
illustrated by Figure 84 and stationery vanes 13 are used to stop or lessen the
rotatory movement of the air any water of condensation caught by the rim 15
passes by the pipe 14 into the tray 8.
Figures 26 and 27 shew a simple arrangement. for separating objectionable
watery particles from the air. It consists of a casing 9 surrounding the fan and
open at top and surrounded by a casing 10 covered at top by a sheet parts
of which are perforated with perforations similar to those shewn in Figure 8*

page_text: a rim 21 and pipe 22 catching any water of condensation and draining it into the
dish 8 a part of the air escaping into the apartment through the perforations a.
The rings 11 constitute the lips through which the other part of the air passes.
The space between the said rings may be of an inch at the outlet.
Water
deposited in 9 passes down and into the syphon pipe 5. Water deposited on 10
passes into the channel 6 and by the pipe 7 into the lower part of the casing and
water deposited on the outer part of 9 drains past the rings 11 downwards whilst
water deposited outside the casing 10 passes into the channel 8. All these may
communicate with the syphon pipe 5.
In Figures 28 and 29 I have shown an arrangement wherein the air passes in
part by the nozzles m³ into the annular box m² (in which surplus water deposits)
and out by the nozzles m to give the air currents directed horizontally at con-
siderable speed. The diffused air is supplied by the rest of the air from the fan
passing into the space between the casing 12 and cage 13 (formed with perforations
like those in Figure 8) through the cage over the top to the space between the
casing and the casing 12 and through the perforations in the cage h². Water,
spray or steam is taken in with the air and surplus deposited on the inside of 12
and outside and inside of 13 passes out by the syphon pipe 5.
Channels 6
outside 13 and inside h receive water deposited and thence it passes by the pipes 7
to the lower part of the apparatus. The trough 8 receives water draining from the
outside of the cage . All the water deposited may be by suitable openings, led
into the syphon pipe 5.
Figs. 30 and 31 and 32 and 33 shew another arrangement for draining off surplus
water from the air supplied.
Figs. 30 and 31 shew it applied to a disc distribution of part of the air another
part of the air passing upward through perforations a and Figs. 32 and 33 shew it
applied to air distribution through nozzles m and a cage h as hereinbefore described.
The plates marked 14 are carried by and revolve with the fan in. diam. holes 14ª
are made every 4 inches along the top edge through the plate 14° to allow surplus
water to pass to and down the inner plate 14. 15 is a stationary casing
inside 14 14 and the plates 16 16 are also stationary the vertical space between
top edge of the plate 15 at the lower edge of plate 16ª should be in. The ring 16°
is to stop water splashing upwards. The arrows shew the direction of the air.
The surplus water passes down into the lower part of the apparatus and into the
syphon pipe 5, either from the inner casing or by the channel 17 and passages 18.
The 18 in. fan should rotate at a speed of about 1350 revolutions per minute. In
the bottom edge of 15 at 15° in. holes are made to drain water from inside of
chamber formed by plates 15 in all the jets m used in Figs. 22 to 33 small water
draining troughs may be used to guide into the draining trays 8 drops of water
which gather at the lower part of outlet.
Referring to Figs. 34 and 35 the fan B is mounted and rotates at the top of the
air duct A which is open at its lower end so that it draws air from the apartment.
At the lower end of this duct is a sprayer 23 by which water or steam is admitted
to the duct. The basin 24 serves to catch water which may fall-and it is provided
with an overflow 25 running into the syphon pipe 5. 26 is a guard plate sur-
rounding the lower end of the duct A and the basin 24 so that supply of air flows
mainly in a vertical direction. Surrounding the duct A is a perforated casing or
cage 19 from which passages 19" lead into a space 19b enclosed between a part of
the casing 20 (which surrounds the apparatus) and the casing 21.
At the upper
part of the said space 19b is an outlet opening with lips for the discharge of the air
in disc form, or these lips may be replaced by pipes or separate passages so that
the air is discharged in streams radially instead of in a complete disc. Good effect
is obtained if twelve pipes be used each of an internal diameter of six inches.
The space between the air duct A and the perforated casing 19 is closed at top
by the inclined piece 22 which extends for some distance beyond the casing 19.
The lower part of the casing 20 constitutes a receptacle for water or other matter

page_text: which separates from the air drawn in by the fan B through the duct A-the said
duct being provided with coils for cooling or heating media or means for supplying
steam or water to the air passing up through it as aforesaid. As the air is passed
into the space enclosed by the casing 20 excess of water (together with dust if such
be present) will be deposited and will be received into the well beneath from which
it can be removed for instance by doors as shewn at 20. The cage 19 may be
perforated as described with regard to Fig. 8. The perforations should not-
extend lower than 19° to prevent water from passing back into the air currents-
passing through the passages 19*. The air passes through the perforated casing 19
and then passes down and along the passages 19 and into the space 19' and thence
issues with considerable speed in a disc form through the outlet opening or in a.
star form if the pipes be used as aforesaid. The diameter of the fan is presumed
to be 19 inches & it may be driven advantageously at 700 revolutions per minute.
On the right hand side of these figures nozzles m are shewn leading from the-
space 19 air also passing through the perforated sides of the casing constituting
the cage the said air being that which is received from the passages 19" into the
annular space 19. This fan can be advantageously driven at 1300 revolutions.
per minute.
The arrangements of apparatus wherein the air which is diffused and supplied
in proximity to the horizontally projected currents through a perforated casing or
cage or in an upward direction from an unperforated casing are suitable for use in
buildings at which the apparatus cannot be fixed at an elevation higher than such
that the orifice or orifices through which the central currents of air are horizontally
projected is or are say 8 or 10 feet from the floor level. The apparatus wherein
there is a discharge of air downwards from the interior of a casing is not suitable-
for such low buildings and should be used only in cases where the apparatus can
be fixed at a considerable elevation say 18 feet or more from the floor. The last
named arrangements may however be used at somewhat lower elevatious if the
downward outlet from the said casing be partially obstructed for instance covering
it with metal perforated as in Figure 84 or by making the lower part of the casing
saw-toothed and turning teeth inwards over the air outlet or if a plate of larger
diameter than the outlet be supported some little distance beneath it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Apparatus for ventilating or ventilating and humidifying or warming or
cooling air consisting of the combination with a fin or equivalent apparatus for
inducing currents of air, and an inlet for air to the said fan or the like, of a cage-
or casing around the said fan and having air outlets so arranged that part of the
fresh air drawn in and expelled by the fan or the like, is projected in a horizontal
or approximately horizontal direction as aforesaid, whilst another part of the fresh
air is diffused and supplied in such proximity to the exit of the first named part
of the fresh air, that the currents of air induced by the air projected as aforesaid,
are wholly or in main part the currents of fresh air which have been diffused
and supplied as aforesaid instead of being the air of the apartment thereby
preventing objectionable air currents in the apartment subsequently as hereinbefore
explained.
2. Apparatus for the purposes described consisting of the combination with a fan
or equivalent apparatus for inducing currents of air and an inlet for air to the
said fan or the like of a cage or casing around the said fan and having air outlets.
so arranged that part of the air drawn in and expelled by the fan or the like is.
projected in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction as aforesaid whilst
another part of the air is diffused and supplied in such proximity to the exit of the
first named part of the air that the currents of air induced by the air projected as
aforesaid are wholly or in main part the currents of air which have been diffused.

page_text: and supplied as aforesaid thereby preventing objectionable air currents in the
apartment substantially as hereinbefore explained.
3. Apparatus for the purposes described consisting of the combination with a
fan or equivalent apparatus for inducing currents of air and an inlet for air to
the said fan or the like of a cage or casing around the said fan and having air
outlets so arranged that part of the air expelled by the fan or the like is projected
in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction as aforesaid whilst another
part of the air is ejected in such a direction or directions and with such force as to
prevent the formation of objectionable air currents in the apartment by the action
of the air projected horizontally or approximately horizontally substantially as
hereinbefore explained.
4. In combination with means for supplying and distributing air as claimed by
either of the preceding claiming clauses means for supplying and distributing
water or watery vapour with the said air so as to prevent the water being
improperly deposited substantially as hereinbefore described.
5. In combination with means for supplying or distributing air means for
admitting steam or watery vapour to the air and means for separating unduly large
globules or quantities of water from the steam or watery vapour before it meet
the air currents substantially as herein before described and illustrated by Figures 17
to 33 of the accompanying drawings.
6. The several arrangements, constructions or combinations of parts constituting
the several apparatus substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore describedl
and illustrated in the several figures of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of November 1894.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.