OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ECONOMISING AND UTILISING FUEL IN ORDINARY FIRE-GRATES OR PLACES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Pearson, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Metal Smith, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR ECONOMISING AND UTILISING FUEL IN ORDINARY FIRE-GRATES
OR PLACES."
Sealed the 17th April 1874, and dated the 11th November 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Pearson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th November 1873.
I, WILLIAM PEARSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Metal Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ECONOMISING AND UTILISING FUEL IN ORDINARY
FIRE-GRATES OR PLACES," to be as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are to economise fuel and to effectually
distribute the heat during its complete combustion for general purposes
of utility, as hereafter referred to.

page_text: In carrying my Invention into practical effect I construct a frame
or fuel receptacle, or basket of cast or wrought iron or other suitable
material, and in the sides and upper surface I make a scries of slots or
apertures.
I make the said receptacle or frame of such a shape as will admit of t
its ready application to fire-grates of the ordinary kind. As a result of
its application I am enabled to communicate an equal draught of air to
all parts of the body of the fuel, and to force the heat arising from the
perfect combustion thereof through the outlets formed by the slots or
apertures outwards into the room, and upwards, in like manner, to effect 1
any other similar purpose of utility, such as heating cooking or other
utensils, which can be placed over the apertures in the upper surface.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Pearson, in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
PEARSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Metal Smith,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Pearson, Her special
licence that I, the said William Pearson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Pearson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
tlierein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR ECONOMISING AND UTILISING FUEL IN ORDINARY FIRE-GRATES OR
PLACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Pearson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly

page_text: describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Pearson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, and on reference being had to the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to say:-
The main object of my Invention is to economise fuel and distribute
the heat during its perfect combustion, for purposes of general utility.
In carrying my Invention into practical effect I cast, forge, or mould
in metal or other suitable material a frame or basket with slots or
apertures in the sides and upper surface or flange, such basket being of
form capable of ready application to common fire-grates in kitchens and
parlours.
When a fuel or fire-basket of this kind is placed in a grate for use it
is not necessary to put large coal therein, as slack and cinders together
or separately when ignited will produce the same results as if large coal
was used, and an equal draught of air is communicated to all parts of
the body of the fuel, and to force the heat through the slots or apertures
in the frame or basket into the chamber. But when requisite the
said slots in the face or flange may be in part or wholly closed with a
deposit of slack or refuse, or with a series of cooking utensils thereon,
in consequence of which greater heat is forced outwards, which would
otherwise have escaped through the flue and chimney.
The adoption of my plan in domestic grates will save half the fuel
now consumed, and effectually utilise the quantity which is used.
In the annexed Drawings Figure 1 shows a parlour grate with my fire-
basket a therein; Figure 2 represents a kitchen grate with another
form of fire-basket 6 in it, which is further illustrated in elevation at
Figures 3 and 4. In Figure 4 part of the side is cut away for the trans-
mission of heat to the oven through the recess between the basket and
brickwork.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed

page_text: or carried into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that I wish
it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details
shown on the accompanying Drawings or herein-above described, but
that what I claim is a frame or basket of metal or other fire resistant,
such as fire-clay and analagous earthenware, having slots or apertures of
any size or shape therein, that is, upon its upper surface and in the sides
as above described and shown on the annexed Drawings, or any mere
adaptation or modification thereof.
In witness whereof I, the said William Pearson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of our 1
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
WILLIAM PEARSON. (L.S.)
Witness,
JOHN KENDRICK.