AN ELECTRICAL REGISTERING TELL-TALE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR INDICATING AN EARTH ON AN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT to be
Year: 1884

page_text: I, PHILIP JOLIN 2. Elmdale Rd Redland in the City and County of Bristol
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this my invention for AN ELECTRICAL
REGISTERING TELL-TALE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR INDICATING AN EARTH ON AN ELECTRIC
CIRCUIT to be as follows:-
"
Situated in each place to be visited by the watchman is an instrument of the
following construction; mounted on a suitable frame or plate is an electro magnet
made preferably with two bobbins, and having an armature attached to the fraine
by a spring or other means, but normally held away from the electro-magnet,
a projection is formed on the armature on which may rest one end of a lever the
other end of which is pivoted to the frame or plate, under the lever is placed free to
turn on a suitable stud, a metal block one end of which is a long wedge, the other
end is a shorter wedge or is rounded, on the front of this wedge block is a
projection against which a key which is turned on the stud presses. The projection
when the key is turned, also raising the lever before mentioned onto the projection
on the armature, under the wedge shaped block is placed another wedge piece fixed
to a spring, attached to the frame, the wedges are so arranged that the block cannot
remain in a position that will not allow of the free fall of the lever when the
armature is attracted. Pressing against the lever when at its highest point, but
insulated from the frame, is a contact piece or spring, which is free from the lever
when the latter is released by the armature; the connections are so arranged, that
when the lever is touching the contact piece the circuit is complete, but on the
armature being attracted the lever is released and falls free of the spring breaking
the circuit, unless other contact pieces are used, as follows; attached to the frame
and insulated therefrom, is a second contact piece, and suitably attached to the
armature is a third contact piece, which when the armature is attracted rests on
the second contact piece, and when so resting the circuit is arranged so that the
whole or part of the wire on one or both bobbins is short circuited, and the circuit
through the instrument not broken untill the breaking at the master instrument
herein-after described; the whole instrument is fixed in a lock-up box, and the key-
hole covered with a suitable,substance held in a frame, so arranged that when the
frame is pushed into place with the substance in it, the box cannot be opened
without destroying the said substance; a flag or piece of metal painted one, or
more colours, is attached to the lever to shew through a hole in the box when the
leyer has been raised.
An instrument of somewhat different construction called above the master-
instrument is placed at the last place to be visited. In this instrument instead of

page_text: the lever resting on a projection on the armature, it, when raised, rubs against the
first insulated piece or spring, thus making the circuit, and a train of wheels with
an escapement, or fly; or a dash pot, or other suitable means may be used to allow
the lever to be lifted rapidly, but to let it fall slowly, thus prolonging the duration
of the time of contact. When the lever falls to its lowest point the circuit is
broken; all the other parts are the same as in the other instruments, except that
the armature terminates in a hammer to strike a gong, or the electro magnet and
gong may be replaced by a galvanometer, the action of either shewing that the
circuit has been completed.
The registering part of the apparatus is put in any convenient place and is
constructed so that a slip of paper is carried through rollers driven by a clock.
One roller, which may be conveniently called the type-roller, prints the hours of the
day and night on the paper, which is kept in contact with the type-roller by means
of a pressure-roller; situated near this type-roller is a pencil or inker which when
it is pressed upon the paper by an electro-magnet provided for that purpose, makes
a mark, this electro-magnet is in series with the instruments; the pencil or inker
may always press on the paper, and when it is moved it may make a cross mark;
slips or a roll of paper may be employed, and these may be prepared chemically
and a metal point used instead of the pencil or inker, so that when the pointer
touches the paper the current flows through the pointer and paper to the pressure
roller, thus causing a mark to be made; or paper having the hours marked thereon
may be used, and the type roller omitted, or the paper simply passed through
rollers attached to the hand spindle of a clock, which may mark it and a pointer,
or pencil, or inker, so arranged as to mark the paper, also, every time the round of
the instruments is completed, or the pointer may be made to perforate the paper.
To facilitate the removing of the paper having the register on it, the pressure
roller or rollers may be raised on the opening of a door, or drawer, into which the
paper falls; by the motion of a guide-tube through which the paper passes; by
pressing a stud; or the roller that feeds the paper may have a ratchet wheel and
pawl connecting it with the spindle, and the pressure roller over the type-wheel
may be raised as mentioned above.
The action is as follows the watchman turns the key in each ordinary instrument
and then in the master one, when, if he has visited them all and turned the key
properly, the circuit through them is completed (they being in series) and the
armatures attracted allowing all the levers to fall and on the circuit being broken
at the master instrument, when the second and third contact pieces are used, the
armatures are all freed and the levers have, all to be again raised before the circuit
can be completed; at each of these completions of the circuit the registering
instrument records.
In applying this invention to indicating and registering earths on an electric
circuit the following method is adopted; for parallel circuits an instrument of
similar construction to the first one is used, the electro-magnet bobbins being of
high resistance, one end of the wire is connected to one lead and the other end to
earth, should an earth occur on the other lead the armature is at once attracted, and
an indicating flag falls, or a gong is sounded, or both flag, and gong may be used, if
the time the earth shows itself is to be given, the registering apparatus before
described may be used.
For series working the instrument as above is connected one end of the wire to
any part of the circuit preferably the centre, and the other end to earth, on an earth
occuring on any part of the circuit, the indicator works as above, in all cases when
these instruments are used as earth detectors the second and third contacts are
preferably omitted, the circuit being instantly broken.

page_text: COME DIE DIECIFICATION.
I PHILIP JOLIN of 2 Elmdale Rd Redland in the city and county of Bristol,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN ELECTRICAL
REGISTERING TELL-TALE APPLICABLE TO INDICATING AN EARTH ON AN ELECTRIC
CIRCUIT and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Situated in each place to be visited by the watchman is an instrument of the
following construction, mounted on a suitable frame or plate is an electro magnet
made preferably with two bobbins and having an armature attached to the frame by
a spring or other means but normally held away from the electro-magnet, a projection
is formed on the armature on which may rest one end of a lever, the other end of
which is pivoted to the frame or plate, under the lever is placed free to turn on a
suitable stud a metal block one end of which is a long wedge, the other end is
a shorter wedge or is rounded, or is wedge shaped in front and is rounded off at
the back to miss the wedge on the spring hereinafter mentioned, on the front
of this wedge-block is a projection against which a key which is turned on
the stud presses the projection when the key is turned also raising the lever before
mentioned onto the projection on the armature, under the wedge-shaped block is
placed another wedge piece fixed to a spring attached to the frame, the wedges are
so arranged that the block cannot remain in a position that will not allow of the
free fall of the lever when the armature is attracted, Pressing against the lever
when at its highest point, but insulated from the frame, is a contact piece or spring
which is free from the lever when the latter is released by the armature; the
connections are so arranged that when the lever is touching the contact piece the
circuit is complete, but on the armature being attracted the lever is released and
falls free of the spring or contact piece breaking the circuit unless other contact
pieces are used as follows, attached to the frame and insulated therefrom is a second
contact piece, and suitably attached to the armature is a third contact, which when
the armature is attracted rests on the second contact-piece, and when so resting, the
circuit being arranged so that the whole or part of the wire on one or both of the
bobbins is shortcircuited, this device is applicable to any system of electric indicating
apparatus wherein coils or bobbins are used, The circuit of the instrument not
being broken untill the breaking of the circuit at the master-instrument hereinafter
described, the whole instrument is fixed in a lock up box and the key-hole covered
with a suitable substance held in a frame so arranged that when the frame is pushed
into place with the substance in it the box cannot be opened without destroying
the said substance; a flag or piece of metal painted one or more colours is attached
to the lever, to show through a hole in the box when the lever has been raised.
An instrument of somewhat different construction, called before a master
instrument is placed at the last place to be visited, In this instrument instead of
the lever resting on a projection on the armature, it when raised rubs against the
first insulated piece or spring thus making the circuit, and a train of wheels with an
escapement, or fly, or a dash-pot, or other suitable means may be used to allow the

page_text: lever to be lifted rapidly, but to let it fall slowly, thus prolonging the duration of
the time of contact. When the lever falls to its lowest point the circuit is broken;
all the other parts are the same as in the other instruments except that the
armature terminates in a hammer to strike a gong or the electro magnet and
gong may be replaced by a galvanometer, the action of either showing that the
circuit through the instruments has been completed.
The registering part of the apparatus is put in any convenient place, and is
constructed so that a strip of paper is carried through rollers driven by a clock, one
roller which may be conveniently called the type-roller prints the hours of the day
and night on the paper which is kept in contact with the type roller by means of a
pressure-roller; situated near this type-roller is a pencil, marker, or inker, which
when it is pressed upon the paper by an electro-magnet provided for that purpose
makes a mark; this electro-magnet is in series with the instrument; the pencil,
marker, or inker, may always press on the paper and when it is moved it may make
à cross mark, slips or a roll of paper may be used, and these may be prepared
chemically and a metal pointer used, instead of the pencil or inker, so that when
the pointer touches the paper, or moves on it, a corresponding mark is made by the
current of electricity which flows through the pointer and paper to the pressure
roller. The type roller may have figures of metal which may in like manner mark
the chemically prepared paper by the current flowing through the type roller and
paper to the pressure, roller, according as the type roller moves; or paper having
the hours marked thereon may be used, and the type-roller omitted, or the paper
simply passed through rollers attached to the hour-hand spindle of a clock which
may mark it and a pointer, or pencil, or inker, so arranged as to mark the paper
also, every time the round of the instruments is completed, or the pointer may be
made to perforate the paper.
To facilitate the removing of the paper having the register upon it, the pressure
roller or rollers may be raised on the opening of a door or drawer into which the
paper falls; by the motion of a guide-tube through which the paper passes; by
pressing a stud; or the roller which feeds the paper may have a ratchet-wheel and
pawl connecting it with the spindle, and the pressure-roller over the type-wheel or
roller may be raised as mentioned above.
The action is as follows, The watchman turns the key in each ordinary
instrument and then in the master one, when if he has visited them all and turned
the key properly, the circuit through them is completed, (they being in series) and
the arinatures attracted allowing all the levers to fall and on the circuit being
broken at the master instrument, when the second and third contacts are used, the
armatures are all freed, and the levers have all to be again raised before the circuit
can be completed; at each of these completions of the circuit the registering
instrument records. When the second and third contacts are not used the circuit
is broken at each instrument by the fall of its lever.
In applying this invention to indicating and registering earth-faults or "earths" on
an electric-circuit the following method is adopted ; For Parallel circuits an
instrument of similar construction to the first is used, the electro-magnet bobbins
being of high resistance, one of the binding screws or terminals of the instrument
is connected to one of the leads, and the other binding-screw to earth, should an
earth occur on the other lead the armature is at once attracted, and an indicating
flag falls or a gong is sounded or both flag and gong may be used; if the time the
earth shows itself is required the registering apparatus can be used.
For series working the instrument as above described is connected one end or
terminal to about the centre of the series circuit and the other terminal is put to
earth as above, when an earth-fault or earth occurs on any part of the circuit the
indicator, and registerer if used, works as before described; in all cases when these
instruments are used as earth detectors the second and third contacts are preferably
omitted, the circuit being instantly broken..
That the invention may be better understood I append drawings, of which Fig 1
shows front elevation of the ordinary instrument aud Fig 2 shews ring for holding

page_text: substance to cover keyhole, and the catch springs for holding the said ring in place.
Fig 3 shows front view of master-instrument. Fig 4 details of mode of raising
lever by means of key. Figs 5 and 6 give front view and plan of registering
instrument and Figs 7 and 8 respectively show mode of application when used to
detect earths.
Fig 1, on a frame F is fixed an electro magnet A. A. with two bobbins having an
armature B attached to a lug G on the frame, by means of a spring S said armature
nomally resting against a stop X, a projection. S¹ is formed on the armature on
which rests one end of the lever L when raised, the other end of which is pivoted
to the frame at P, under the lever L is placed a stud D. upon which a double wedge
shaped block U is free to turn the front face of this block. U is set back behind the
back face of the lever L so that the back of the latter in falling is quite clear of
the front of the former, this is shown in Fig 4, On the front of the block U is
formed a projection z which lifts the lever L when the block U is turned on the
stud D by means of the key Z Fig 4. The key is kept against the block U and
projection z by means of a block d. d. of suitable thickness attached inside the
front of the box, carried directly below the stud D by means of a spring y is a
wedge block Y which prevents the block U from remaining in the position shown
by the dotted lines. Carried on the frame F but insulated therefrom by an
insulating block I is a contact piece or spring of hard rolled spring material, which
presses on the lever L when that is in the position shown by the dotted lines L-but is
clear of it when the lever falls to the position L; another contact piece of wire J is
carried by an insulating piece K. through which it passes this is called the second
contact piece, immediately in front of the free end of this second contact piece, is
carried in the armature but insulated therefrom a third contact piece P' the second
and third contact pieces being so arranged that when the armature B is attracted
they rest one on the other, at the same time keeping the armature from touching
the core or cores of the Electro-magnet.
The connections are made as follows, one terminal or binding screw T is connected
to the spring C. the other terminal or binding screw T¹ is connected to one, in this
case the outside, end of the lower bobbin of the electro-magnet, by a wire m. the
inside end of that bobbin and also the one above it being connected to the
contact J by wires h h the outer end of the top bobbin is connected to the projection
or lug G of the frame F, by a wire g another connection is made from the third
contact P¹ to spring C.
The lever L carries a flag Q which can have its uper half painted say red, and
lower half white, and a hole is provided in the front of the box, or case, so that
when the lever is at L red shows, but when at L³ white, thus showing the man
when he has properly raised the lever into contact with the spring C. When the
case has been locked, to prevent anyone tampering with the instrument a ring b b
Figs 1 and 2 carrying the covering substance and having lugs b¹. 6 passing through
holes in the bottom of the box, the lock being placed there for convenience; these
lugs b' b¹ have notches in them into which the springs a. a fall when the ring is
pushed into position, the extreme ends of the lugs being sloped so that they can
press back the springs, which however on coming to the notches fall into them, and
prevent the removal of the ring without destroying the substance in the ring
covering the key-hole; when this substance is destroyed the box is unlocked the
springs aa pressed back out of the notches and the ring falls out or down.
The master instrument is of similar construction to the previous one and is shown
at Fig 3, On the frame F is carried an electro magnet A. A. with armature B
attached by spring S to a lug G, said armature normally resting against a stop ✗,
the lever L is pivoted at P to a projection on the frame, and at its other end rubs
the insulated spring or contact piece C. C. through part of a circle, but is clear of
C, C, when at its lowest point, to which it is always pulled by a spring e. acting.
on a projection f of the lever L, Pivoted to the frame above the lever L, is a
ratchet or escapement' wheel N, and. a second lever, M carrying a pawl u which
engages into the teeth of the wheel N. Suitably placed above N is another pivot

page_text: carrying the pallets and pendulum terminating in a bob V. The levers L and M
are joined by a rod q. the action being when the lever L is raised M is also raised
by means of q, the pawl ù taking up a position on the wheel N in advance of the
former position, and on the levers falling the wheel N is turned in the direction of
the arrow, the rate of fall being governed by the pendulum-before mentioned. The
method of raising the. lever is identical with the previous instrument The
armature B terminates in a bell stalk, and hammer H which on the armature being
attracted strikes the bell or gong R.
The registering apparatus consists of a strip of paper carried on a drum o Fig 5
this strip of paper passes over a guide roller then under a heavy pressure roller q
hinged to the frame by means of a lever v, this roller presses the paper onto the
type-roller which marks the hours; it then passes' over a milled roller t or its
equivalent which is driven by a clock, this roller pulls the paper through the
instrument, the grip on the paper being insured by means of a heavy hinged pressure
roller r, t is connected to the driving spindle by means of a ratchet wheel and
pawl so that the paper can be pulled in the. direction of the arrows when it is
required to remove the record, this pulling raising the roller q and paper from off
the type wheel, it is found best to connect t and u by means of suitable gearing so
that their periphery speed.is the same.
An electro-magnet. A¹. A. is carried on the frame F. F¹. Fig 6 having an
ármáture a¹ carrying a pencil or pointer w by means of a stiff spring w¹. This
electro magnet is in series with the other instruments and when the current passes
makes a mark on the paper at right angles to its line of travel.
When the watchman has turned the key Z in each of the ordinary instruments
Fig 1, raising the lever L into the dotted position L¹, he then turns the key Z in a
the master instrument Fig 3, raising the lever L into contact with the spring C. C
the armatures of all the instruments. are attracted, those in ordinary instruments
short-circuiting the upper bobbins of the electro-magnets by means of the second
and third contacts J and P¹ respectively, and preferably the whole of the wire of
the electro-magnet A. A. of the master instrument Fig 3 being shortcercuited by
means of the armature centre coming into contact with the insulated pin J the
other end of which is connected direct to the terminal T¹ by a wire l; instead of
the third insulated contact P' being used all the levers of the ordinary instruments
fall clear of the spring contact C-being released from off the projections-S¹-on-the-
armature B and directly the lever L Fig 3 clears the the bent contact spring C. C. the
whole of the armatures are released and the circuit cannot be completed again untill
all the levers are raised, the current at the same time that the levers fall causing
the electro magnet A' A Fig 6, to mark the paper as before described The
principle object in the second and third contacts being to reduce resistance and
consequently number of cells of battery required, and to increase the efficiency of
the instruments.
Fig 7 shows the instrument used for detecting an earth-fault as an electric circuit
on the parallel system, the stud D and block U and spring y being omitted owing
to the smallness of the figure preventing their being shown with clearness but they
are of exactly the same construction as Fig 1, The second and third contacts are.
however not required these are the only points of difference between the ordinary
instrument Fig 1 and the earth detector except that the armature terminates
in a hammer H to strike a bell R, One terminal T is connected to one lead Z' of the
system, the other terminal T¹ being connected to earth E, should an earth occur on
lead Z³ the armature is attracted the lever falls and breaks the circuit, and the
bell R is sounded the electro magnet is made of very high resistance; a similar
instrument can be used for the lead Z³ being connected to that lead and earth E;
x. x. x show points of employment of electric current..
Fig & shows same instrument connected to a series system; x. x. x. &c. showing
points of employment of current.
In either of the above a local battery may be thrown in by the lever L Figs 7
11

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st In a system of electric indicators the use of instruments or apparatus for
successively closing and opening an electric circuit wherein are used electro-magnets
actuated by a direct current only, substantially as described and shown.
2nd The method of closing or opening an electric circuit by means of a double
wedge shaped block for raising a contact lever, by means of a key substantially as
described and shown.
3rd In an apparatus for closing or opening an electro-magnet circuit, the combi-
nation of a double wedge piece substantially as described, with a second wedge
piece carried by a spring substantially for the purpose set forth.
4th In an electric circuit containing indicating apparatus worked by electro-
magnets or coils, the application of a short-circuiting device actuated by the current,
in the line to cut out of circuit the whole or any part of the coils themselves,
substantially as described with reference to Figs 1 and 3 or any equivalent
arrangement of coils.
.
5th In an electric circuit containing indicating apparatus worked by a direct
current, the combination of means for closing or opening electromagnet circuits
with recording apparatus driven by a clock or other time measurer substantially as
set forth.
6th Instruments for detecting and showing an earth-fault so arranged substan-
tially as described, that immediately after indicating the fault they automatically
cut themselves out of circuit.
7th The combination of instruments for detecting and showing an earth fault,
with an electric recording apparatus to indicate the time at which the fault
occured substantially as set forth.