Improvements in Hames for the Collars of Horses and other Animals.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1891-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hames for the Collars of Horses and other
Animals.
I, SYDNEY BENJAMIN WHEWAY, of the firm of Job Wheway & Sons, of Green
Lane, Walsall, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of my said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described & ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvements in hames for the collars of horses
and other animals by which I am enabled to materially strengthen them as
compared with those now made thus rendering them less liable to break. It is
necessary to attach to such hames, draught hooks and other fittings such as the
rein rings, and staples but the draught hooks are the portions upon which the most
strain comes. These have been previously secured by passing eyes having shanks
formed thereto straight through the hame i.e. from the thick to the thin side the
ends of the shanks being riveted at the thin side to hold them in. To avoid making
holes through the hames the eyes have been made solid with a complete clip or
ring which has been put on from the narrow end and in the other cases brazing has
been resorted to with a smaller or larger surface to hold without rivets but the
latter mode is liable to considerable uncertainty as are all brazed parts of metals.
In order that my invention may be clearly & more easily carried into practical
effect I have appended hereunto two double sized sheets of drawings upon which
I have illustrated two examples of my hames which will enable others to apply the
principle to other forms or modifications without difficulty.
Figure 1, (Sheet 1 of the drawings) illustrates a hame with the draught hook
applied according to one part of my invention.
Figure 2, (Sheet 1 of the drawings) is a sectional plan through the hame on the
line A. B. shewing the manner of securing the draught hook thereto by rivets
pierced through at a particular portion of the section thereof which will be further
explained hereafter.
Figure 3, (Sheet 2 of the drawings) is a part elevation & part elevational section
of a hame shewing the draught hook M attached thereto.
Figure 4, (Sheet 2 of the drawings) is a cross section of the hame upon the
line C.-D. showing its internal construction to be presently explained.
I have before referred to the old mode of making shanks upon the ears which
secure the pivots of the draught hooks in position and which weakens the substance
of the hame when made in the ordinary manner at a vital part and also to the mode
of brazing the ears to the hame.
Now on reference to Figures 1 & 2 of the first sheet of drawings it will be noticed
that my ears are secured to the hames by rivets S, one, two, or more passing
through the base of the ears and piercing the hame at the portion which under
strain would form the neutral axis of the beam or thereabouts, that is to say,
through that portion which when tested as a beam would be in either tension nor
compression and thus the hole or holes would not detract materially from the
strength of the hame especially under steady pressure. The great advantage of
this plan as against brazing is that the workman can make practically certain that
he has a sound strong junction and thus the uncertainty of brazing is avoided. Of
course the same method may be adopted for securing any other mountings to the
hames but this is not always needful as the strains are much less upon these. Iu
the drawings the draught hook is marked M and the fixing K with the ears k² and ³
to receive the pivot bolt N and the part K may be either made in one piece and
carried round as shewn by k¹ or be in separate plates as shewn by Figure 5 (Sheet 1
of the drawings). The number of rivets used will depend upon the size of the

page_text: mountings. I do not bind myself to carry the base of ears k³ and ³ any particular
distance as per k¹ as this forms no essentially part of my invention as many
years ago it was customary to carry the plate all round as before explained but
I prefer to leave one side of the hame plain for the obvious reason that it
will lie better in the collar but I may carry it further round or all the way
round if necessary but I do not bind myself in this respect at all so long as
the base is formed sufficiently near the neutral axis of the hame to take the rivet
or rivets.
When the old mode of fixing the ears and ³ is used by means of shanks
passing through and riveted at k* & * I make the metallic part of the hame or
casing E in two or more thicknesses of metal as shewn in section at Figure 4
and at the upper portion of Figure 3 as for instance at the line C.-D. This
mode enables me to use metal which is sufficiently thin to bend without undue
force to the required shape the extra thickness and body being given by a second
thickness or even more thickness if needed for any special purpose. Hames so
formed are not and cannot be so liable to fractures through flaws and imperfections
as when made from a single thickness of metal because two flaws in two thicknesses
would in practice probably never come opposite to each other. It will be
obvious that I may use the mode of mounting the hooks M shewn upon the
1st sheet of drawings and hereinbefore explained with this class of construction
for the body part. I make these hames as well as the ones shewn upon the first
sheet of drawings from steel of a nature capable of bending under the hammer
and therefore tough though I may in some cases use other metal for the purpose.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in hames for the collars of horses and other animals for
the purpose of obtaining extra strength substantially as herein set forth & as
shewn upon the annexed drawings.
2nd. In hames for the collars of animals the particular mode of fixing the eyes k³
and by rivets S substantially as set forth and as shewn by Figures 1, 2 & 5, of
the drawings.
3rd. In hames for the collars of animals the mode of constructing the casing
by two or more thicknesses of steel or other metal substantially as herein set
forth and as shewn by Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 25th day of July 1891
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.