Improvements in Anchors.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 14th June, 1893-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Anchors.
I, JOHN EYNON, of No. 7 Kensington Terrace, Gateshead, in the County of
Durham, Foreman Forgeman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention is specially intended to facilitate the manufacture of anchors made'
of forged iron or steel by simplifying the forms of the shank main arms, and
tripping arms and to secure greater steadiness and holding power by forming the
latter with two "trips one on each side of the centre of the main arms thus
obtaining, with the main palms, a quadruple "grip" of the ground which in hard
bottoms will be found of great advantage.
"
"
The anchor according to my invention consists of the shank, with or without a
"stock," the main arms in one piece and two "trip" arms. The hole in the head of
the shank is formed with a quadrant shaped "slot," the purpose of which will be
presently explained, which allows the palm ou the main arms to pass through it.
The main arms are preferably formed straight, so far from the shank, and then
curved towards the palms so as to form elbows projecting beyond the centre line of
the palms, which steady the anchor on the ground when taking hold, and the centre
portion of the arms (preferably enlarged in diameter in the hole in the shank) has
formed upon it a "feather" which fits into the quadrant shaped "slot in the
shank, which is of such an extent circumferentially as to stop the arms on either
side when they have reached the proper angle of about 45° with the shank, by the
"feather" coming in contact with the ends of the "slot." The "feather"
on the
main arms extends beyond the sides of the head of the shank to receive the "trips"
which are formed with horns to penetrate the ground and assist the holding effect
of the main palms and they are secured on the main arms, on each side of the
shank head, by keys so that they turn with the arms to the proper angle and are
kept in position laterally by bolts or pins driven through the centre part of the
arms outside the trips or by other equivalent fitting. The effect of these double
trips" is to give them steadier tripping action by being disposed some distance
apart on each side of the centre of the main arms and to give with the main palms
a quadruple "grip" of the ground.
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The anchor is specially adapted for being made of forged iron or steel for which
it is designed, the forms of the shank arms and " trips" being such as to be easily
forged and smithed but the main arms and "trips," or either of them, may equally
be made of cast steel by modifying their sectional form so as to secure the strongest
distribution of the material.
The anchor is put together by passing one end of the main arms through the
hole in the shank head then passing one of the "trips" on to the main arms over
each end, driving in the end keys and the bolt or pin through each side.
DLL 1
1000
T. J. DANSON,
By L. W., per F. B.
By L. W., per F. B.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Anchors.
I, JOHN EYNON, of No. 7 Kensington Terrace, Gateshead in the County of
5 Durham, Foreman Forgeman, do hereby declare the nature of said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention is specially intended to facilitate the manufacture of anchors made

page_text: «
of forged iron or steel by simplifying the forms of the shank main arms, and
tripping" arms, and to secure greater steadiness and holding power by forming
the latter with two "trips "one on each side of the centre of the main arms, thus
obtaining with the main palms a quadruple "grip" of the ground which in hard
bottoms will be found of great advantage.
The anchor according to my invention consists of the shank, with or without a
"stock," the main arms in one piece, and two "trip" arms. The hole in the head
of the shank is formed with a quadrant shaped "slot," the purpose of which will be
presently explained, which allows the palm in the main arms to pass through it.
The main arms are preferably formed straight, so far from the shank, and then
'curved towards the palms so as to form elbows projecting beyond the centre line of
the palms, which steady the anchor in the ground when taking hold, and the centre
portion of the armis (enlarged in diameter in the hole in the shank) has formed or
fitted upon it a "feather" which fits into the quadrant shaped "slot" in the shank,
which is of such extent circumferentially as to stop the arms on either side when
they have reached the proper angle of about 45 degrees with the shank (in addition
to the stop effected by the trip horns coming in contact with the neck of the
shank) by the "feather" coming in contact with the ends of the "slot." The
"feather on the main arms extends beyond the sides of the head of the shank to
receive the "trips" which are formed with horns to penetrate the ground and assist
the holding effect of the main palms, and they are secured on the main arms on
each side of the shank head, by the extension of the "feather" acting as keys so
that they turn with the arms to the proper angle and are kept in position laterally
by bolts or pins driven through the centre part of the arms outside the "trips" or
by other equivalent fitting. The effect of these double " trips" is to give them
steadier tripping action by being disposed some distance apart, on each side of the
centre of the main arms, and to give, with the main palms, a quadruple "grip" of
the ground.
"
The anchor is specially adapted for being made of forged iron or steel for which
it is designed, the forms of the shank arms and "trips" being such as to be easily
forged and smithed, but the main arms and "trips" or either of them, may equally
be made of cast steel by modifying their sectional form so as to secure the strongest
distribution of the material.
The anchor is put together by passing one end of the main arms through the
hole in the shank and then passing one of the trips on to the main arms over each
end, driving in the end keys and the bolt or pin through each side.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
On the accompanying sheet of drawings I illustrate my invention, in different
forms as to details, as propose to carry it into practical application.
Figs. 1 and 2 shew two views of an anchor in which the main arms, after being
passed through the hole in the head of the shank, and the two tripping arms
are in position at right angles thereto, are secured laterally by bolts through the
main arms.
Figs. 3 and 4 shew two views of the anchor in holding position in the ground,
the main arms and the tripping arms being secured laterally by washers through
which and through the main arms bolts are passed and fixed by nuts.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew the form in which I propose to make the "tripping" arms of
cast steel annealed, in which case the bolts for securing them upon the main arms
pass through projections beyond the sides without loose washers.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 A. is the shank in the head of which is a hole of such
diameter as to allow either of the palms of the main arms B to be passed through it.
The main arms are enlarged at the centre to fit the hole and have a feather C.
formed or fitted thereon which passes through the quadrant shaped slot, and when
in position one of the tripping arms D D¹ is passed over the palm at each end and
Cover the elbows on to the feather C, when bolts E E' are driven through the main

page_text: arms at each side and fixed with nuts. When the main arms come into holding
position by the action of the tripping arms two horns of the latter also penetrate
the ground the opposite horns coming in contact with the neck of the shank (as
shewn by Figs. 3 and 4); and the feather C also forms an additional stop by
coming in contact with one end of the quadrant shaped slot so that a double stop
is provided.
27
On Figs. 3 and 4 instead of securing the main arms B in position in the shank A
by the "tripping' arms D D on each side washers F Fare passed over the
palms and the elbows against the tripping arms and fixed by bolts E E through
them and through the main arms.
On Figs. 5 and 6 the tripping arms D D' are shewn as made of annealed cast
steel in which case the bolts E E' pass direct through them and through the main
arms without loose washers.
It will be understood that although I have only referred to making the tripping
arms of cast steel or other suitable cast metal the main arme may equally be made
of such cast metal without going beyond the scope of my invention, but I prefer
and propose to make them, as also the shank, of forged iron or forged steel
for which their shape and mode of connection to each other make them specially
adapted.
Anchors made according to my invention have the following advantages
in addition to facility of manufacture and putting their parts together :-
1st. The main arms in being "tripped into penetrating position are steadied
against canting over by the tripping arms, one on each side of the centre, assisted
by the elbows.
2nd. The palms on main arms penetrating the ground have their holding
power increased by the penetration of the two tripping arms, thus giving four
"gripping" points.
3rd. The quadrant shaped slot in the head of the shank with the feather formed
upon or fitted to the centre part of the main arms, provides, with the tripping
arms resting on the shank, a double stop so that should the latter be damaged
or broken off the stop in the shank head will secure the main arms at the proper
holding angle.
4th. The junction of the main arms with the head of the shank leaves no
open space between them, and hence there is no danger of the arms being
prevented turning into penetrating position by being choked with mud or small
stones.
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5th. The anchor can be very readily taken apart for stowing away when
carried as spare gear, and the main arms, tripping" arms, and shank lashed
together in portable form occupying very small space.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The improvements in anchors, with special reference to facilitating their
manufacture of forged iron or steel, consisting in forming in the head of the shank
a hole through which the main arms, having been previously forged, can be passed
and secured in position by double "tripping" arms, one pair on each side of the
centre line of the shank, the main arms having formed upon or fitted in them a
projecting feather, along their enlarged centre portion, which rotates in a
quadrant shaped slot in the head of the shank so as to stop the main arms at the
proper penetrating angle substantially as described and shewn.
Second. The improvements in anchors consisting in constructing them with
double "tripping" arms, one pair on each side the centre line of the shank, with
the objects of securing, by the horns of the "tripping" arms acting in conjunction
with the palms of the main arms, a quadruple grip of the ground substantially as
described and shewn.
Third. The improvements in anchors consisting in providing a stop by the

page_text: "tripping" arms resting upon the neck of the shank in conjunction with a supple-
mentary stop formed by a feather on the main arms working in a quadrant shaped
slot in the head of the shank with the objects hereinbefore stated substantially as
described and shewn.
Fourth. The improvements in anchors forged of iron or steel, or partly of cast
steel, comprising in combination a hole in the head of shank with a quadrant
shaped slot through which the main arms can be passed and when completely
finished the formation of the main arms with projecting shoulders and a feather
formed upon or fitted in the centre portion to act as a stop in the quadrant shaped
slot and to receive and secure in position a pair of "tripping" arms on each side of
the head of the shank, with bolts to secure the same laterally in position, with
or without loose washers, the whole constructed and operating substantially as
described and shewn in different forms on the drawings.
Dated this 14th day of June 1892
T. J. DANSON, F. Inst. P.A.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicant.
T. J. DANSON, F. Inst. P.A.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicant.