IMPROVEMENTS IN REGENERATIVE HOT BLAST STOVES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hartley, of Barrow in Furness, in the County
of Lancaster, Furnace Manager, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REGENERATIVE HOT BLAST STOVES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hartley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1881.
JOSEPH HARTLEY, of Barrow in Furness, in the County of Lancaster, Furnace
Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGENERATIVE HOT BLAST STOVES."
My Invention has reference to regenerative hot blast stoves used principally
for heating the blast employed in the smelting of iron ore, and consists in
constructing and arranging the parts of the said stoves in the manner hereinafter
described.
Although regenerative hot blast stoves constructed according to my Invention are
especially suited for heating the blast of blast furnaces used in the manufacture of
iron, yet they may be used for the heating of gases and vapours for purposes other
than the manufacture of iron.
In constructing a regenerative hot blast stove according to my Invention, I give
the shell or casing any external shape which circumstances may render desirable.
I prefer however to build it horizontal, the "packing" or "checquering" as the
reticulated internal arrangement of fire bricks is called being divided into two or
more sections by vertical divisions, and the said fire bricks so arranged that the
air passages formed are horizontal. I divide the body of the stove by a horizontal
division, the inlet and outlet passages being opposite one another at the same end
of the stove. The heated air and combustible gases by which the checquering is
heated enters by one of the said openings, and passing through one of the horizontal
compartments along the whole length of the stove enters the other of the said
openings. The blast of air to be made hot by the heated checquering passes
through the stove in a direction contrary to that described with reference to the
heated air and combustible gases,

page_text: The checquering, as already described, is divided into two or more sections, the
space between the sections as well as the spaces between the ends of the sections
and the ends of the shell or body of the stove constituting dust chambers, in which
the suspended particles carried with the heated air and combustible gas collect.
On each side of the stove is a temporarily closed opening, which openings
communicate with the bottom of the dust chamber between the sections, and may
be opened from time to time for the removal of the dust accumulated in the
middle dust chamber. In the ends of the shell or body of the store are temporarily
closed openings, through which brushes or scrapers may be introduced and passed
along the horizontal channels in the checquering, and the said checquering cleared
from accumulated dust which is brushed into the middle and end dust chambers.
The dust in the end chambers may be removed through the lowest openings in
the ends of the stove. The several openings described are generally closed air
tight during the working of the stove, but where there is a deficiency of air in
the heated gases passing through the stove either of them may be used for the
purpose of introducing air and more effectually burning the combustible gaseous
matter passing through the stove.
By constructing and arranging the parts of the said stoves in the manner herein
before described, the passages can be quickly and efficiently cleared from dust.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Hartley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th April
1882.
JOSEPH HARTLEY, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of Lancaster, Furnace
Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGENERATIVE HOT BLAST STOVES."
My Invention has reference to regenerative hot blast stoves, used principally for
heating the blast employed in the smelting of iron ore, and consists in constructing
and arranging the parts of the said stoves in the manner hereinafter described.
Although regenerative hot blast stoves, constructed according to my Invention,
are especially suited for heating the blast of blast furnaces used in the manufacture
of iron, yet they may be used for the heating of gases and vapours for
purposes
other than the manufacture of iron.
"
"
In constructing a regenerative hot blast stove, according to my Invention, I give
the shell or casing any external shape which circumstances may render desirable.
I prefer however to build it horizontal, the "packing" or 'checquering" as the
reticulated internal arrangement of fire bricks is called, being divided into two or
more sections by vertical divisions, and the said fire bricks so arranged that the air
passages formed are horizontal; I divide the body of the stove by a horizontal
division, the inlet and outlet passages being opposite one another at the same end
of the stove. The heated air and combustible gases by which the checquering is
heated enters by one of the said openings, and passing through one of the horizontal
compartments along the whole length of the stove enters the other of the said
openings. The blast of air to be made hot by the heated checquering passes through
the stove in a direction contrary to that described with reference to the heated air
and combustible gases.
The checquering, as already described, is divided into two or more sections; the
space between the sections as well as the spaces between the ends of the sections
and the ends of the shell or body of the stove constituting dust chambers in which
the suspended particles carried with the heated air and combustible gas collect. On
each side of the stove is a temporarily closed opening, which openings communicate
with the bottom of the dust chamber between the sections, and may be opened from
time to time for the removal of the dust accumulated in the middle dust chamber.
In the ends of the shell or body of the stove are temporarily closed openings
through which brushes or scrapers may be introduced and passed along the
horizontal channels in the checquering, and the said checquering cleared from
accumulated dust which is brushed into the middle and end dust chambers.
dust in the end chambers may be removed through the lowest openings in the ends
of the stove. The several openings described are generally closed air tight during
the working of the stove, but where there is a deficiency of air in the heated gases
passing through the stove either of them may be used for the purpose of introducing
air, and more effectually burning the combustible gaseous matter passing through
the stove.
The
By constructing and arranging the parts of the said stoves in the manner
herein before described the passages can be quickly and efficiently cleared from dust.
I will now describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the manner
in which my Invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical longitudinal section a horizontal regenerative hot
blast stove, constructed according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a cross section of
the same taken through the left hand half of the stove; Figure 1 and Figure 3 is
an end elevation taken at the left hand end of the stove Figure 1. The same

page_text: letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the Drawings;
a is the shell or body of the stove, built or supported on the metal foundation
plates b, b. The said shell or body a is divided into two (or more) horizontal
divisions or compartments by the nearly horizontal partition c. In the lower
horizontal division or compartment c of the stove two (or more) short sections f, g,
of the packing or checquering of fire bricks are arranged, the said sections f, g,
being separated by a vertical division; and similarly in the upper horizontal
division or compartment d of the stove two (or more) short sections h, i, of the
packing or checquering of fire bricks are arranged, the said sections h, i, being
separated by a vertical division. The air passages in the said short sections of
packing or checquering are horizontal as represented. Each of the horizontal
divisions or compartments c, d, of the stove may be divided by vertical partitions
into two or more chambers, in each of which chambers short sections of the packing
or checquering similar to those represented in the Drawing may be arranged.
The space between the two sections f, g, of the packing or checquering in the
lower division or compartment c constitutes a dust chamber k, and the space
between the two sections h, i, of the packing or checquering in the upper division
or compartment & constitutes a dust chamber l. The space between the ends of the
upper and lower sections i, g, and the rear end of the shell or body a of the stove
forms another dust chamber m, common to the said upper and lower sections i, g.
The space n between the end of the lower section f and the front end of the shell
or body forms another dust chamber, and similarly the space p between the end
of the upper section h and the front end of the body or shell forms another dust
chamber. In these dust chambers, k, l, m, n, p, the suspended solid particles
carried with the heated air and combustible gas collect. The dust accumulating in
the dust chambers is removed through the clearing doors q, q, at each side of the
stove, the said doors opening into the lowest part of the dust chamber with which
they are connected, (see the cross section Figure 2). These doors are temporarily
closed while the stove is in use by caps or covers. In the rear end wall or case of
the stove cleaning holes r, r, opening into the dust chamber m are made. Similar
cleaning holes r, r, are made in the front end wall of the stove, which holes open
into the dust chambers n, p. The shape of the cleaning holes r, r, is best seen in
the end elevation Figure 3. Through these cleaning holes r, r, brushes or scrapers
may be introduced and passed along the horizontal channels in the sections of the
packing or checquering, and the said packing or checquering cleared from
accumulated dust, which is brushed or scraped into the middle dust chambers k, l,
and end dust chamber m, n, p. The dust in the dust chambers is removed through
the cleaning doors q, q, as before described.
The openings r, r, through which the scrapers or brushes are passed, are closed
air tight during the working of the stove, but when there is a deficiency of air in
the heated gases passing through the stove some of the said openings may be used
for introducing air and thereby to effect a more perfect combustion of the gases
passing through the stove. But I prefer to arrange in the front end of the stove
special air valves, by which to introduce air for the purpose described. The parts
at which I place the air valves in the front of the furnace are marked t, t, in
Figure 3; u is the gas inlet passage, and is the passage in connection with the
chimney, by which the gaseous products after travelling through the checquering
of the stove escape; wis the cold blast inlet passage, and x the hot blast outlet
passage. The heated air and combustible gases entering by the opening u pass
into the lower horizontal compartment c through the whole length of the stove and
heat the sections f, g, of the checquering therein. From the lower compartment c
the heated air and gases enter and pass through the upper compartment d and heat
the sections h, i, of the checquering in the said compartment. The heated air and
gases traverse the stove in the direction indicated by the arrows marked y, y. The
packing or checquering of the stove having been thus heated the gases are cut off
from the stove and the cold blast introduced through the passage w, the cold blast
traversing the heated packing or checquering in the direction indicated by the

page_text: dotted arrows marked z, z. By an examination of Figure 1 it will be seen that
the blast of air to be made hot by the checquering passes through the stove in a
direction contrary to that by which the heated air and combustible gases traverse
the said stove for heating the checquering.
By dividing the packing or checquering into two or more sections or short
chambers arranged in separate chambers or compartments of the stove according to
my Invention in combination with the dust spaces and cleaning holes and doors at
the middle and ends of the stove, the dust accumulating in the horizontal channels
of the checquering is readily cleared away, as well as the dust in the dust
chambers. The stove thus constructed can be cleaned in a very short time and
made ready for reworking without deranging the operation of the blast furnace.
Although I have only represented my Invention as applied to a horizontal stove
having a circular figure in cross section, yet I do not limit myself to that figure, as
the body of the stove may be rectangular or of other figure in cross section, which
will admit of horizontal packing or checquering, arranged in divisions or sections
of the kind described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention,―
The improvements in regenerative hot blast stoves, herein before described and
illustrated accompanying Drawings, that is to say, dividing the body of the stove
into two or more horizontal divisions or chambers, and arranging in the said
divisions or chambers the packing or checquering of fire bricks separated into two
or more sections or short chambers, each of the said sections or short chambers of
the packing or checquering opening at both ends into dust chambers constructed
as described and illustrated, the said dust chambers being used in combination
with cleaning holes and doors, for the purpose and substantially as described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Hartley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
sight hundred and eighty-two.
Witness,
JOSIAH REPTON,
Barrow in Furness,
Lancashire.
JOSEPH HARTLEY. (L.S.)