IMPROVEMENTS IN YARN SIZING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, GEORGE KEIGHLEY of Bankhouse Iron Works Burnley in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN YARN SIZING MACHINES," to be as follows:—
Hitherto these machines have been constructed and arranged, so that some of
their parts have been actuated by negative, and other parts by positive motions,
whilst others have been operated by force transmitted by the yarn when passing
through the machines during the time the yarn is being sized and dried-that is
to say the unsized warp beams in the creel are caused to revolve upon their axis,
and the warp unwound therefrom by the rollers in the size box dragging or pulling
the warp from those beams, which are held back and resisted by a brake to prevent
the beams over-running, the drying cylinders are also made to revolve on their
axis by force exerted by the warp in passing over the front rollers after the warp
is sized and dried; which pulling operation has a damaging effect on the warp.
The rollers in the size box which pull warp off the creel, and the front roller which
pulls the cylinders around by the sized warp, work positively, and are geared
together dragging the warp through the machine; but in so doing the warp has to
overcome considerable friction at the same time causing the beams in the creel, and
the drying cylinders to rotate which operation seriously damages the warp.
The beam on which the finished warp is wound is caused to rotate on its axis
by various kinds of negative motions, having for their objects to provide for
the varying diameter of the beam when the warp is being wound thereon, which
motions are uncertain and unsatisfactory, frequently damaging the warp after it
bas been sized.
My invention is intended to avoid the objections and difficulties herein
mentioned, which I accomplish in the following manner;
I arrange the beams in the creel, together with the drying cylinders, and the
beam upon which the finished warp is wound to rotate in a positive and definite
manner by the use of surface rollers on the periphery of which the various warp
beams rest, and are made to revolve by frictional contact therewith.
The rollers in the size box are driven by gearing, the speed of which rollers as
well as the speed of the surface rollers employed to turn the beams in the creel are
variable at will, by the use of change wheels, the object being to provide for, and
determine upon the tension of the warp, and to what extent the twist thereon shall
be extended which tension can be varied as desirable by making these parts

page_text: "
composing the back part of the machine to run slower than what may be called
the front part of the machine, consisting of the drying cylinder and the finished
warp beam.
To carry out my Invention I mount the warp beams in the creel, and the beam
on which the finished warp is wound, so that they rest and bear upon the
circumference of the surface rollers, which surface rollers have a given surface speed
and geared together in a positive manner.
"
The rollers in the size box are driven upon their axis in the usual way, and
arranged to have a surface speed in harmony with all the other surface rollers
above named, the whole of which surface rollers and those in the size box being
geared together in a positive manner by shafts and gearing, the differential speed
required for the stretching of the yarn whilst wet with size being done by means
of a well known differential motion commonly called "Jack box motion the
extent of the variation of speed being governed by the use of change wheels; or
the same effect can be produced by the use of gearing of a simple nature-that is
-by having the shafts in parts, and connecting them by wheels easily changeable,
so that the desired varied speed can be had; but by preference I use the differential
motion which is placed between the front and the back parts of the machine.
The beam on which the finished warp is wound is forced upon the surface roller
by means of two small 'rollers, the ends of which run in a suitable bracket having
an arm extending downwards with rack teeth thereon, gearing with a pinion
wheel.
This pinion wheel is fixed on a shaft having a brake pulley thereon; around
which passes a strap attached to a weighted lever so that as the beam becomes
larger in diameter by the winding on of the warp, the upper surface thereof is
pushing against the underside of the two small rollers, which are retarded and held
back by the brake-pulley, consequently the beam is kept firmly pressed against the
surface drum causing the warp to be wound upon the beam in a compact and
solid form.
I do not bind myself to use all the parts of the machine combined as above
described, as soine parts can be applied without others to considerable advantage;
for instance, the surface rollers can be used for winding on of the finished warp
only, or they can be used in connection with the drying cylinder only, or in
connection with the creel.

page_text: I GEORGE KEIGHLEY of Burnley in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN YARN SIZING
MACHINES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
"
My invention has reference to sizing machines or tape machines which have
hitherto been constructed and arranged, so that some of their parts have been
actuated by negative, and other parts by positive motions, whilst others have been
operated by force transmitted by the yarn when passing through the machine
during the time the yarn is being sized and dried,-that is to say-the unsized
warp-beams in the creel are caused to revolve upon their axis, and the warp
unwound therefrom by the rollers in the size-box dragging or pulling the warp from
those beams, which are held back and resisted by a brake to prevent the beams
over running, the drying cylinders are also made to revolve on their axis by force
exerted by the warp in passing over the front rollers after the warp is sized and
dried, which pulling operation has a damaging effect on the warp.
The rollers in the size-box which pull the warp off the creel, and the front roller
which pulls the cylinders around by the sized warp, work positively, and are geared
together, dragging the warp through the machine; but in so doing the warp has to
overcome considerable friction, at the same time causing the beams in the creel and
the drying cylinders to rotate, which operation seriously damages the warp.
The beam on which the finished warp is wound is caused to rotate on its axis by
various kinds of negative motions, having for their objects, to provide for the
varying diameter of the beam when the warp is being wound thereon, which
motions are uncertain and unsatisfactory, frequently damaging the warp after it has
been sized.
My invention is intended to avoid the objections and difficulties herein mentioned,
which I accomplish in the following manner.
'I arrange the beams in the creel, together with the drying cylinders, and the
beam upon which the finished warp is wound, to rotate in a positive and definite
manner by the use of surface rollers, on the periphery of which, the various warp
beams and drying cylinders rest and are made to revolve by frictional contact
therewith.
The rollers in the size-box are driven by gearing, the speed of which rollers, as
well as the speed of the surface rollers employed to turn the beams in the creel, are
variable at will by the use of change wheels, the object being to provide for and
determine upon the tension of the warp, and to what extent the twist thereon shall
be extended, which tension can be varied as desirable by making these parts
composing the back part of the machine, to run slower than what may be called
the front part of the machine, consisting of the drying cylinders and finished warp
beam,
In order that my Invention may be better understood, I herein give reference to
the accompanying sheet of Drawings wherein Fig 1 is elevation of so much of a
sizing machine as is necessary to illustrate my improvements, and Fig 2 is plan
view of same. A is framing of machine, B the size-box, and C the drying cylinders,
all arranged in the usual manner. D is the creel end of the machine, where E are
the unsized warp beams, resting upon the surface drums F which unwind the warp
from the said beams, the shafts of which rotate in slotts formed in the standards G,
so as to allow the beam to descend; (and bear with their full weight upon the surface
drum) as the former becomes less. in diameter. H is the winding-on beam, and it
·

page_text: also rests upon surface drums I which are driven positively by gear wheels J and
carrier K. from the main driving shaft L. The surface drums are employed for the
purpose of winding the warp onto the beam. The shafts of this beam may also
rotate in slotted standards, but I prefer to put a little pressure upon it so that the
warp may be firmly wound thereon to produce a solid beam. To do this I force
the beam upon the surface drums by means of the rack M which is made circular
at its upper end, and carries two small anti-friction rollers a and b which are placed
on each end of the winding-on beam. The rack M gears with a pinion N, keyed
upon a shaft extending across the machine, one end carrying a friction pulley O
(see Fig 3) around which passes a strap c attached to a weighted lever P, which is
provided with a foot plate d so as to give facilities for the operator to increase the
friction, as and when required. It will thus be seen that as the beam H gets larger in
diameter by the winding on of the warp, that it will rise higher, and the centre
thereof will be getting gradually further from the surface drums, and in doing
which the rack M turns the pinion N and overcomes the friction on the pulley O,
whereby the underside of the beam is always forced upon the surface drums, the
pressure of which can be regulated by the adjustable weight e.
The drying cylinders C which like the beam in the creel, have hitherto been
pulled around by the warp, I now propose to drive them by surface drums R as
hereinafter explained. A continuous rotary motion is given to the whole series of
surface drums by bevil wheels S from side shafts T and U, the former of which is
driven by bevil wheels V from first motion shaft L. In this class of machine it is
very desirable that there should be some harmony in the motions of the rollers,
therefore if necessary, the surface drums may have one uniform speed, but if the
yarn requires stretching which is usually the case, I arrange that the shaft T which
drives the drying cylinders C shall revolve a little in advance of the rollers in the
size-box and the beam in the creel, the differences in the speeds being obtained by
change wheels W which can be varied according to the amount of stretch required
and the counts of yarn under operation.
Instead of employing the shafts T and U with change gearing for driving the
surface drums, they may be driven by the well known differential apparatus called
"jack-box motion which may be placed at a point between the cylinders and
Bize-box, as will be understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
Firstly. In a yarn sizing machine, the unwinding of the warp on the creel beams
by surface friction, substantially as shewn and described.
Secondly. In a yarn sizing machine, the winding-on of the warp by surface
friction substantially as herein shewn and described.
Thirdly. The arrangement of driving mechanism whereby the creel beams and
sizing rollers can be driven at a different speed to the drying cylinders and winding-
on beam, in manner and for purposes substantially as herein shewn and described.
Dated this 6th day of November 1884.