Year: 1888

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our improvements are applicable to pipes for various uses both for conveying liquids
and aeriform fluids, as steam and water pipes, oil pipes, soil pipes, air and gas
pipes.
Our invention consists, first, in a pipe formed with peripheral corrugations, or
alternate peripheral grooves, and ridges, or beads, around its outer surface; second,
in a pipe joint socket having such alternate grooves and ridges, upon its inner
surface; third, in a pipe joint socket having such alternate grooves and ridges both
upon its inner and outer surface; fourth, in a pipe socket sleeve having such alternate
grooves and ridges on its inner surface; in combination with a pipe having such
alternate grooves and ridges on its outer surface; fifth, in the combination of a
pipe having such alternate grooves and ridges upon its outer surface, a joint socket
having such alternate grooves and ridges on its inner surface and fitting around one
end of the pipe, and a soft metal joint ring fitting the adjacent grooves and ridges
of the pipe and socket; sixth, in a pipe or pipe socket having alternate grooves
and ridges around its surface, having substantially the triangular form in cross section
represented in the drawings.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1, represents a longitudinal axial section of a length of pipe formed according
to our invention.
Fig. 2, a longitudinal axial section, of a separato joint sleeve formed according to
our invention.

page_text: Fig. 3, a longitudinal axial section of portions of two lengths of pipes formed accord-
ing to our invention and coupled together.
Fig. 4, a longitudinal axial section of a portion of a length of pipe, and a joint sleeve
formed according to our invention and joined together.
Fig. 5, a longitudinal axial section of a soft-metal joint ring formed according to our
invention.
Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.
In the drawings, A, represents a pipe formed according to our invention; B, a socket
sleeve formed according to our invention; and C, a soft-metal joint ring formed
according to our invention.
In the drawings, also a, b, a, b, represent the alternate grooves and ridges formed on
the outside of the several parts of the invention; and c, d, e, d, the alternate grooves
and ridges formed on the inside of the several parts.
These alternate grooves and ridges may vary in form, to fulfil the several purposes of
our invention more or less perfectly, but they are preferably of the form shown in the
drawings, or approximately of that form, namely of triangular form in cross section,
that is, in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, the surfaces thereof being alternately
at right angles to the axis of the pipe, and oblique to the axis.
The purposes of these alternate grooves and ridges are first, in respect to the body
of the pipe, they greatly facilitate the cutting off of the pipe, when this is required as
is often the case, and making a good, even clean cut without splitting or chipping the
pipe to which the ordinary pipes are so liable, since by simply applying a cold chisel
or other proper instrument at the bottom of any one of the angular grooves in the
pipe, the pipe is readily severed accurately following the said bottom of the groove all
around the pipe, and the abrupt projection of the ridge adjacent to the groove, prevents
the splitting or chipping of the pipe.
Besides, these grooves, occuring at short distances apart, it is easy to cut the pipe
readily where desired, and thus have an abrupt or square end where it is cut off so that
the end, is of the proper shape to fit the joint socket and make a good joint.
There is also a saving of time in cutting off the pipe, since the pipe requires no
previous filing around the surface before applying the cold chisel, as is the case with
the ordinary pipe, and there is no loss of pipe by breakage or injury.
For this purpose of cutting the pipe the sharp triangular form of the grooves is the
best, for obvious reasons.
The pipe does not, or need not cost any more than the smooth pipe of equal
diameter, and it may cost even less, since we find, that with the same amount of
metal in a given length and interior diameter of pipe, the corrugated form of alternate
peripheral grooves and ridges is stronger than the smooth pipe of the same length and
interior diameter.
The second main purpose of this invention relates to the socket joint, for by means
of the grooves and ridges both upon the outside of the pipe body, and the inside of
the socket in which it is inserted, when the soft-metal ring is run in between the
said surfaces, the ring itself has corresponding grooves and ridges on both the
inner and outer surfaces as shown in Fig. 5, so that the two lengths of pipe
cannot be drawn apart except by tearing through the material of the filling
ring.
And every movement of the pipe in the socket causes a wedging and tightening
action on the said soft metal ring, serving to tighten instead of loosening the
joint.
And this is evidently the case whether the movement is to draw the pipe out of the
socket, or force it inward, or bend it therein out of axial.
By reference to Figs. 3 and 4, it will be seen, that the exterior edges of the pipe
tend to wedge more tightly in the packing ring as the pipe is drawn outwardly, thus
tightening the joint more and more; and the interior ridges in the coupling socket
have a similar wedge-like action on the packing ring, if the pipe is forced further into
the socket.
It is also obvious that any tendency to bend the coupled pipes out of line at the

page_text: Joints, has a similar effect to tighten in the packing ring either on the inside or the
outside of the pipe and socket.
It is also to be observed that three or more of these wedge-acting ridges are shown
for each joint lap, so that if one should fail to any extent to make a tight joint the
others may be relied on.
The interior of the mouth of the joint socket is or may be made cylindrical, as shown
at f, in the figures.
It
may be remarked that it is not necessary in most cases to have the whole length
of a section of pipe formed with these alternate grooves and ridges.
For most purposes or in most cases, it would only be necessary for the outside of the
pipe to be so formed for a short distance from the end, or if preferred in any instance,
the grooves and ridges may be extended the whole length of the pipe.
The outer surface of the joint socket is provided with similar peripheral grooves and
ridges to conform to those on the inside of the same, and give lightness as well
as sufficient strength thereto, and to be more readily cut off if desired.
This form of the outer surface of the pipe or joint socket has an ornamental appearance,
and wherever it may be required to extend such a pipe through a room, it need not bo
boxed for concealment because of its good appearance.
The corrugated form also will assist in supporting or suspending the pipe, since the
supporting wires or bands may be more conveniently and efficiently applied in the
grooves than around smooth pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what i claim is :-
1st. A pipe formed with alternate peripheral grooves and ridges around its outer
surface, throughout its length, for the purpose herein set forth.
2nd. In combination with the pipe described formed with alternate peripheral grooves
and ridges around its outer surface, a pipe coupling socket adapted to receive the end
of the said pipe and having alternate grooves and ridges around its inner surface, and
a soft metal packing between the pipe and socket, as herein set forth.
3rd. In combination with a pipe formed with alternate peripheral grooves and ridges
around its outer surface, a pipe coupling socket adapted to receive the end of the pipe
therein and having alternate grooves and ridges around both its inner and outer surfaces,
as herein set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of November 1888
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicants.