IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES GRESHAM of the firm of Gresham and Craven, of Craven Iron Works,
Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS," to be as follows:―
On the 2nd day of May I recorded a Provisional Specification of improvements
in Injectors numbered 7116, which has been accepted, and my present invention
relates to and consists in the combination and arrangement of the improvements
described in the said Provisional Specification or modifications thereof with an
outer casing in such manner that all the internal parts except the steam cone, can
be withdrawn for inspection or removal of obstructions when required, at one end
of the casing without detaching or breaking connection with the pipes with which
the Injector is connected.
In each modification of my present invention the outer casing of the Injector is
formed with branches or junctions for the steam, water overflow and delivery
pipes, the latter being at one side of the casing.
In each modification the steam cone is inserted and secured in the casing, the
other parts of the Injector form parts, of, or are contained in, an inner casing
which is screwed at one end to screw fluid tight into the delivery end of the outer
casing..
3.
There are two bosses or enlargements on the exterior of the inner casing which
fit fluid tight corresponding projections in the interior bore of the outer casing and
these enlargements partition off two annular spaces or compartments between the
exterior of the inner and interior of the outer casing-one annular compartment
communicates with the overflow branch or outlet of the outer casing and the other
with the delivery branch of the outer casing.
There are also slits, holes or openings in the sides of the inner casing to permit
the fluid to pass from the escape space and overflow, to the said compartment
opening into the overflow branch and also holes to allow the fluid from tho
discharging cone to pass away to the compartment communicating with the delivery
branch of the outer casing.
In one modification of my invention, the inner end of the inner casing has
screwed in it the first part of the combining cone, but before this is inserted the
compound combining and discharging cone is fitted into the other end of the inner
casing.

page_text: The exterior diameter of the discharging cone is made as small as possible
according to my invention described in my said Provisional specification and to fit
and slide freely in the axis of the interior casing.
When the steam is turned on the end of the combining cone, which is formed or
connected with the discharge cone, is at a short distance from the end of the
lifting nozzle or first part of the combining conc, and the steam can freely escape
both at that point and at the ordinary overflow orifice, while drawing its water
supply, but when the jet has been established its reactive force causes the compound
combining and discharging cone to move and close the space between the two parts
of the combining cone.
According to another modification of my "ention the inner end of the inner
casing forms the first part of the combining cone and the bore of the inner casing
is enlarged to receive the other part of the combining cone which is either movable
or fixed, the latter by preference, leaving a space between the first and second part
of the combining cone as an escape space.
1.TANT
+
The second part of the combining cone has ribs or wings on its exterior to keep
it central and secure it in the bore of the inner casing so as to form an annular
space between the bore of the inner casing and the exterior of the combining cone.
The said annular space and the combining cone terminate at the same point
which is in about the position of the ordinary overflow orifice-The discharging
cone is made separate with a flange or flat head and it is fitted to slide in the axis
of the inner casing.
J
When the steam is turned on it will escape at the escape space between the two.
parts of the combining cone, pass along the annular space on the exterior of the
second part of the combining cone, the fluid will also pass out at the end of
the combining cone and both escapes of fluid will enter tlie inner casing and pass
out through holes in its sides to the compartment in connection with the overflow
branch of the casing, until the injector has drawn its water supply, and when the
jet is established, the reactive pressure then coming upon the discharging cone will
cause it to move and bring its flat or valve head to close both the outlet from the
escape space and what corresponds to the ordinary overflow at the same time.
The injector thus arranged, will work well and feed more heated water. than
ordinary Injectors but to provide, against temporary overflow or leakage a small
hole is formed in the side of the discharging cone so that the passing jet will
draw in all leakage or overflow and cause the Injector to work "dry" as it is
termed.
5
The discharging cone is in the axis of the outer end of the inner casing which
screws into the inner end of the inner casing so that all are withdrawn together.

page_text: I JAMES GRESHAM of the firm of Gresham and Craven, of Craven Iron Works,
Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
On the 2nd day of May AD 1884 I recorded a Provisional Specification of
improvements in Injectors Numbered 7116, and since, then have filed a Complete
Specification, both of which have been accepted, and my present invention relates
to and consists in the combination and arrangement of the improvements, described
in the said Specification or modifications thereof, with an outer casing in such
manner that all the internal parts or all, except the steam cone, can be withdrawn
for inspection or removal of obstructions when required at one end of the casing
without detaching or breaking connection with the pipes with which the Injector
is connected.
In each modification of my present invention the outer casing of the Injector is
formed with branches or junctions for the steam, water, overflow and delivery
pipes all, or r all except the branch for steam being on the sides of the casing
The steam cone is inserted and secured in the casing, the other parts of the
Injector form parts of or may form parts of or be contained in an inner casing
which is screwed at one end to screw fluid. tight into the delivery end of the outer
casing.
There are two bosses or enlargements on the exterior of the inner casing when
used which fit fluid tight corresponding projections in the interior bore of the outer
casing and these enlargements partition off two annular spaces or compartments
between the exterior of the inner parts or inner and interior of the outer casing-
one annular compartment communicates with the overflow branch or outlet of the
outer casing and the other with the delivery branch of the outer casing.
There are also slits, holes or openings in the sides of the inner casing when used
to permit the fluid to pass from the escape space and overflow, to the said compart-
ment opening into the overflow branch and also holes to allow the fluid from the
discharging cone to pass away to the compartment communicating with the delivery
branch of the outer casing.
In one modification of my invention the inner end of the inner casing has
screwed in it the first part of the combining cone, but before this is inserted the
compound combining and discharging cone is fitted into the other end of the inner
casing.
4
The exterior diameter of the discharging cone is made as small as possible
according to my invention" described in my said Specification and to fit and slide
freely in the axis of the interior casing.
When the steam is turned on the end of the combining cone, which is formed or
connected with the discharge cone, is at a short distance from the end of the
lifting nozzle or first part of the combining cone, and the steam can freely escape
both
that that point and at the ordinary overflow orifice, while drawing its water
117
1
JC

page_text: supply, but when the jet has been established its reactive force causes the com-
pound combining and discharging cone to move and close the space between the
two parts of the combining cone.
According to another modification. of my invention the inner end of the inner
casing forms the first part of the combining cone and the bore of the inner casing
is enlarged to receive the other part of the combining cone which is either movable
or fixed, leaving a space between the first and second part of the combining cone
. as an escape space.
The second part of the combining cone has ribs or wings on its exterior to keep
it central and secure it in the bore of the inner casing so as to form an annular
space between the bore of the inner casing and the exterior of the combining cone.
The said annular space' and' the combining cone terminate at the same point
which is in about the position of the ordinary overflow orifice The discharging
cone is made separate with a flange or flat head and it is or may be fitted to slide
in the axis of the inner casing.
When the steam is turned on it will escape at the escape space between the two
parts of the combining cone, pass along the annular space on the exterior of the
second part of the combining cone, the fluid will also pass out at the end of
the combining cone and both escapes of fluid will enter the inner casing (when
used) and pass out through holes in its sides to the compartment in connection
with the overflow branch of the casing until the injector has drawn its water
supply, and when the jet is established the reactive pressure then coming upon the
cone will cause it to move and bring its flat or valve head to close both the outlet
from the escape space and what corresponds to the ordinary overflow at the same
time.
The injector thus arranged will work well and feed water of greater temperature
than ordinary Injectors but to provide against temporary overflow or leakage
a small hole is formed in the side of the discharging cone so that the passing jet
will draw in all leakage or overflow and cause the Injector to work "dry" as it is
termed.
The discharging cone according to one modification is in the axis of the outer
end of the inner casing which screws into the inner end of the inner casing so that
all are withdrawn together.
In another modification of my invention the junction for all the pipes are on the
sides of the casing, and the steam cone can be unscrewed and withdrawn at one
end, and the other internal parts from the other end of the casing without breaking
joints with the pipes, and instead of making the discharging cone a good fit and of
small diameter, it is or may be made a loose fit and provided with a collar or valve
up it to close against a seating in the casing and prevent the escape of fluid when
the reactive pressure of the established jet moves it as herein before described.
This latter construction also permits the moving parts to work freely even when
some deposit (such as arises from the use of some waters) or dirt is allowed by
neglect or otherwise to accumulate upon them.
Fig 1 is a longitudinal section of an Injector according to one modification of
my invention where all the internal parts are so arranged and combined together
that all the internal parts (except the steam cone b) may be withdrawn from the
casing at one end for examination or the removal of obstructions without having
to disjoint the connections with the steam, water, overflow or delivery pipes. a is
the casing provided with junctions for steam (a¹); water (a²); overflow (a³) and
discharge (a).
The steam cone 6 is placed in the casing (a) as shown.
There is an internal casing e in one piece which is screwed at one end and has
squares e¹ for a key by which it is screwed into and made a tight joint with the
end of the casing a.
This internal casing e has two exterior enlargements e³ and e³ which fit fluid
tight parts bored out in the interior of the casing a, and these enlargements
partition off annular spaces and between the interior of the casing a and the

page_text: exterior of the inner casing e, one of these annular spaces et communicates with
the overflow a³ the other e with the discharge branch a*.
The interior of the inner casing e is bored out to receive the compound com-
bining and discharging cones, and the inner end of the inner casing e is also bored
and screw tapped to receive a part c¹ forming part of the combining cone or tube
and when the inner casing (e) is screwed out of the outer casing a and the part c¹
is removed the compound combining and discharging cones c and d can also be
removed There is an annular space between the exterior of the combining cone c
and the interior of the inner casing e into which the steam or fluid from the escape
space cx when starting the injector and the steam and water from the overflow'd¹
can enter, and the steam and water can pass through slits or holes eo from the
interior of the casing e to the annular space e between the exterior of the inner
casing e and interior of the outer casing a and then out at the overflow outlet a³.
The combined steam and water discharged by the discharging cone & passes
from the interior of the inner casing e through holes es into the annular space e³
between the exterior of the inner casing and interior of the outer casing and then
to the discharge branch a'.
Fig 2 is a longitudinal section and fig 3 is a cross section on the line C-D fig 2,
illustrating an Injector according to another modification, also arranged and com-
bined so that all the internal parts (except the steam cone) can be removed from
one end of the casing (a) without disturbing the junctions of the pipes with
which the injector is connected.
a is the outer casing with junctions for steam (a¹); water (a³); overflow (a³)
and the discharged steam and water (a*).
e and ex is an inner casing screwed by means of squares e¹ on the end of it into
one end of the outer casing a so as to be fluid tight.
There are also enlargements e2 and e³ on the exterior of the inner casing e that
fits bored out parts of the interior of the outer casing and partition from one
another the annular spaces e* and e5 between the exterior of the inner and interior
of the outer casings.
The two parts e and e* of the inner casing screw one into the other.
The part e having one end of the combining cone c¹ and its connected tube c³
(forming one part of the inner casing e*) receives the other part of the combining
cone c having exterior wings c³ as shown in figs 2 and 3 secured by a screw c* so
as to leave an escape space c* between the two and an annular space between the
exterior of the combining tube c and the interior of the tube e¹.
The discharging cone & is fitted so as to slide longitudinally in the other part of
the inner casing ex and when the discharging cone d is in its place the two parts
of the casing e and e* are screwed together.
The receiving end of the discharging coné d has the flat disc or valve d', which,
when the jet is established, and the reactive pressure comes on the discharging
cone, moves and closes the outlet at the end of the tube e¹¹ from the escape space c*
in the combining cone, and also the overflow orifice.
There are holes or slits e in the inner casing e to allow the escaping water and
steam to pass to the annular space e to the overflow branch a³.
There are also holes es in the inner casing ex to allow the combined steam and
water to pass from the interior of the inner casing to the annular space és and
from thence to the discharge branch a³.
J
Fig 2 also shows a modification better suited to water liable to leave a deposit.
The exterior of the discharging cone d is in this case made a loose fit in the
casing or tube or bush in which it slides, and its lower end has a cap d* screwed
upon it, as shown, which forms a valve and closes against a seating on the casing
tube or bush, when the jet is established. this valve d* coming against its seating
at the same time as the valve d' comes against the seating on the tube ell or on a
shoulder formed thereon and all escape past the exterior of the discharging cone &
in consequence of its loose fit is thus prevented.
"

page_text: There is a screw plug e in the end of the casing to allow the cap valve d* to be
screwed on and off the end. of the discharging cone d.
Fig 4 is a longitudinal section of another modification of Injector according to
my invention.where the steam cone (b) is formed to screw by squares b¹ on a part
carrying it into one end of the casing (a) the branches for steam (a!), water (a²),
overflow (a) and discharge (a) all being on the sides of the casing.
The interior of the casing (a) is bored out so that all the internal parts except
the steam cone 6 can be readily inserted and withdrawn from the discharge ond of
the casing for inspection or the removal of obstructions.
The steam cone b is connected with a hollow screw plug in which there are holes
or slits 62 through which the steam can pass from the annular space a* in the
casing communicating with the steam branch a¹.
The part of the combining cone c has a tubular extension e¹¹ and an enlarge;
ment e to fit the casing in which it is secured by a set screw e passing through the
side of the casing a, its point entering a groove round the enlargements e².
The discharging cone'd is formed as a plug and has a screw thread and squares e¹
for a key to screw it into and out of the end of the casing. Its exterior is made
large enough to fit the interior of the casing and separates the annular space e* for
the overflow from that e for the discharged fluid.
The second part c of the combining cone is formed with exterior wings c³ and
fits into the interior of the tubular part el being arranged to slide freely therein.
When in the position shown in the drawing projections c³ from its wings c³ rest
upon the end of the part forming the discharging cone d.
When the jet is established its reactive force moves the cone c so that its upper
end comes against the seating formed for it on the part c' and thus closes the escape
врасе сх.
In some cases there is or may be a disc or collar round the exterior of the cone c,
as shown in dotted line by e to shut against the end of the tube e¹¹ instead of
closing the space c* as above described.
There is a screw plug e¹ to screw into the end of the part for the cone d and
the fluid discharged passes from d through the passages es to the annular space es
and then out at the branch a*.
Fig 5 is a longitudinal section illustrating another modification of my invention
similar to that shown by fig 4 varying only in the form of the parts (except that
the interior of the casing acts in place of the tube e¹¹).
This modification will be readily understood as the same letters used in describing
fig 4 are repeated on the same or corresponding parts in fig 5.
There is a screw plug e¹ in figs 4 and 5 at the discharge end of the Injector by
removing which and unscrewing the set screw call the internal parts except the steam
cone may be readily removed from the discharge end, or by unscrewing the screw c¹
and the hollow screw plug connected with the steam cone b, the cone part c¹ can be
readily removed from the steam cone end of the Injector.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed: I declare that what
I claim is
1. In Injectors, the combination and arrangement of the combining and dis-
charging cones moved automatically at starting the injector by the reaction of the
established jet with other internal parts which can be removed from one end of the
outer casing substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by fig 1 of the-
drawings..
2. In Injectors the combination and arrangement of an escape orifice or orifices
having an outlet therefrom which is closed along with the overflow orifice by a
valve surface on the end of the discharging cone arranged to move and operate
automatically when the jet is established by the reactive pressure on the discharging
cone with other internal parts which can be removed from the end of the outer

page_text: casing substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figs 2 and 3 of the
drawings.
3. In Injectors the arrangement of the discharging cone and combined or
connected parts so as to have free space on the exterior of the discharging cone,
which is automatically closed to prevent the passage of fluid by a valve on the
discharging cone coming against a seating on the casing or part secured in the
casing by the reactive pressure of the established jet, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by fig 2 of the drawings.
4. In Injectors the arrangement of one part of the combining cone (c) so as to
be free to move towards the other part of the combining cone (c¹) and close
the space cx for escape between them, by the reaction of the established jet,
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figs 4 and 5 of the
drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of the parts of injectors as herein before
described and illustrated by figs 4 and 5 of the drawings.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.