IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF. AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING THE TYRES UPON RAILWAY WHEELS.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Ainscow, of Bradford, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF. AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING THE TYRES UPON RAILWAY
WHEELS.
"
Sealed the 9th November 1875, and dated the 12th May 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Ainscow at
1
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th May 1875.
I, JOSEPH AINSCOW, of Bradford, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING THE TYRES UPON
RAILWAY WHEELS," to be as follows:-
-
The object of this Invention is to fix the tyres upon railway wheels
that they cannot become detached from the rim of the wheel, but will
retain their place thereon, even though they should be broken into
:

page_text: several pieces, and an important feature of this Invention is that it is
equally applicable to all the railway wheels at present in use. .
The Invention consists principally in turning or otherwise forming in
one or both sides of the tyre (the latter by preference) a dovetailed
annular groove near to its inner edge, and in forcing therein by ham- 5
mering or pressure a series of clips or fasteners, each of which fits in
between two of the arms of the wheel. These clips or fasteners are first
rolled in a trough like form, and then bent up at the edges, and are
hammered or forced into their places in a heated state, one edge
entering and filling the dovetail groove, and the other edge being 1
bent under the rim and fitting in between the two arms, so as to hold
the clip firmly in its place.
In order to prevent the possibility of the tyre turning on the rim, if it
should at any time work loose, I form a recess in the dovetail groove at
intervals by drilling or otherwise, and the iron of the clip or fastener ]
being expanded or forced into this recess when hammered or pressed in
its heated state, as above mentioned, will act as a key and prevent the
possibility of the tyre turning upon the wheel.
•
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Ainscow in the Great Seal Patent Office 20
on the 11th November 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
AINSCOW, of Bradford, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 25
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors
give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Ainscow, Her special license
that I, the said Joseph Ainscow, my executors, administrators, and 80
assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Ainscow, my executors,..

page_text: administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING THE TYRES UPON RAILWAY
WHEELS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph
Ainscow, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Ainscow, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawings:-
The object of this Invention is so to fix the tyres upon railway wheels
that they cannot become detached from the rim of wheel, but will
retain their place thereon, even though they should be broken into
several pieces, and an important feature of this Invention is that it is
equally applicable to the railway wheels at present in use.
The Invention consists principally in turning or otherwise forming in
one or both sides of the tyre (the latter by preference) a dovetailed
annular groove near to its inner edge, and in forcing therein by ham-
mering or pressure a series of clips or fasteners, cach of which fits in
between two of the arms of the wheel. These clips or fasteners are first.
rolled in a trough like form, and then bent up at the edges, and are
hammered or forced into their places in a heated state, the edges entering
and filling the dovetail.grooves, and the other part being bent under the
rim, and fitting in between the two arms, so as to hold the clip firmly in
its place.
In order to prevent the possibility of the tyre turning on the rim, if it
should at any time work loose, I form a recess in the dovetailed groove
‹ at intervals by drilling or otherwise, and the iron of the clip or fastener

page_text: being expanded or forced into this recess when hammered or pressed in
its heated state, as above mentioned, will act as a key and prevent the
possibility of the tyre turning upon the wheel.
Or instead of turning an entire annular groove in the side of the rim I
form (by drilling) a series of segmental grooves, each segment corre-
sponding with the space between two arms, leaving a blank or solid
portion opposite to each arm of the wheel, which will effectually prevent
the possibility of the tyre turning on the rim.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention I will now
proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to be
or may be performed or carried into practical effect; and in order that
the same may be more clearly understood I have annexed hereunto a
Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with
figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof :-
Fig. 1 in the annexed Drawing shows a section of an ordinary railway
wheel tyre a, a, with a dovetailed groove b, b, turned out on each side.
Fig. 2 is a section showing how the iron bar c, c, is first rolled to
form the clip; and Fig. 3 shows the same with both edges bent up
· ready for fixing on the tyre a, a.
Fig. 4 is a section showing the tyre a, a, fixed on to the rim d, d, by
the clips c, c, the edges of which being forced into the dovetailed annular
grooves by hammering or by mechanical pressure will spread out (as
shown) to fit into the groove, and thus take a firm hold.
Fig. 5 is a face view of the wheel (drawn to a smaller scale), one-half
of which shows the dovetailed annular groove b, b, in the continuous
form, and the other half shows it in segments, with solid portions
opposite to the arms.
Fig. 6 is a section showing a method of securing the tyre with one
narrow clip only; and Fig. 7 shows the same with two narrow clips.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed,
I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention, the method of
fixing the tyres upon railway wheels, substantially as herein-before

page_text: described and illustrated by the annexed Drawings, or any mere modifi-
cation or imitation thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Ainscow, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this this Ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.