IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Dunn, of Wylam-on-Tyne, in the County of
Northumberland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING WATER
OR OTHER LIQUIDS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN, PARTS OF
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
65
IM-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Dunn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1877.
ROBERT DUNN, of Wylam-on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland.
PROVEMENTS IN RAISING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improvements in raising water or other liquids from
mines, pits, wells, or otherwise, whereby greater facilities for performing that opera-
tion, together with economy of space and motive power are obtained.
In carrying out my Invention I employ a cylinder fitted together in as many
lengths as required for the depth of the mine or pit, for example, in which cylinder
there works a bucket attached to a rope or chain, which passes over a pulley or
sheave, actuated by any convenient means. The bucket is balanced in order to
regulate the down stroke by adding weight to the bucket, so as to cause it to descend
at a quicker rate. The up stroke can be regulated by the speed of the engine or
other power which may be applied.
The water on being lifted to the top of the cylinder overflows into a box placed
a little below the top of the cylinder, or into a spout attached to the side of the
cylinder, as may be required. By this arrangement a great saving is effected, as less
power is required to lift the water than by the ordinary means, whilst spears and
beam engines are dispensed with. Also there is less obstruction in the shaft, as the
cylinder is straight, and may be fitted close to the side of the shaft or fixed in a
working shaft if required without being an obstruction, as no risk is incurred of the
breakage of spears. As; moreover, the bucket is weighted in case of the rope or

page_text: chain breaking, it would descend at its usual rate, and the broken rope or chain
would descend into the cylinder without damaging the pit or shaft..
In this apparatus the weight can be regulated on the bucket so as to cause it to
descend at a very slow rate if required.
This apparatus can be worked by a winding engine fitted with a drum by a
locomotive engine on a railway by a jack roll, or by any power where the rope or
chain can be applied. It may be applied in any place where water is required to be
lifted in factories or other works. If required in factories it may be used as a
hydraulic power, or it may be used as a hydraulic power in mines or pits by
attaching a cock or valve to the cylinder, and applying a pipe to the same.
This apparatus is applied with facility, and readily repaired; when the bucket
requires repairing it is drawn out of the cylinder, when if the clack is tight the
column of water will be maintained. The clack can also be drawn up out of the
cylinder, or it may be examined at a door which is provided in order to afford ready
access to it. Straps or bridles are provided for the purpose of controlling the lift of
the valve.
In the case of a mine or pit being filled with water, the cylinder can be lowered
into any depth, as required; if lowered to the bottom of the shaft, the full length of
the shaft can be lifted at one stroke. The cylinders may be made of any size to
suit the quantity of water required to be lifted.
By applying two or more cylinders, which may be worked by a stationary engine
with drum and spur gear, or otherwise, one bucket will be ascending while the
other is descending, whereby a constant flow may be kept up; when once the column
of water is formed the stroke may be made of any required length, according to the
quantity of water required to be lifted.
It is preferred to employ a ball clack; the seat of the clack is formed with
openings or gratings to allow the water or other liquid to flow through, and is
concave, of the same radius as the ball; the ball is spherical, and may be made of
india-rubber or any suitable material; the seat may also be faced with india-rubber
or other suitable material to relieve the shock upon the ball falling upon the seat;
by this arrangement the ball is not so liable to get out of order as is the case where
it falls upon a mitred edge; this arrangement of ball valve and seat is also
applicable to the bucket, and also generally wherever a bucket or clack is
required.
The joint of the cylinder or pipe is formed with a spigot and fawcett with the
inner edge of the fawcett chamfered off, the joint being made water-tight by placing
a small ring of india-rubber or other material over the spigot, and the two lengths
secured by bolts and nuts.
The Invention is also applicable to pumps of the ordinary description.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert Dunn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th June
1878.
"IM-
ROBERT DUNN, of Wylam-on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland.
PROVEMENTS IN RAISING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My said Invention relates to improvements in raising water or other liquids from
mines, pits, wells, or otherwise, whereby greater facilities for performing that
operation, together with economy of space and motive power are obtained.
A mode of carrying out the said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings, which I shall now proceed to describe, the same letters of reference indi-
cating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a sectional elevation of an apparatus for
raising water constructed according to my said Invention, and applied to a pit or
mine. Figure 2 is a plan of the same, corresponding to Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation drawn to a larger scale, shewing an improved
clack valve applied to a cylinder; and Figure 4 is a plan of the valve.
Figure 5 is a section (also drawn to a larger scale) of a portion of a cylinder
illustrating the mode of forming the junctions of the different lengths of which it is
composed.
In carrying out my said Invention I employ a cylinder A, fitted together in as
many lengths as required for the depth of the mine or pit A¹ (for example), in this
cylinder there works a bucket B, which is attached to a rope or chain C, passing
over pulleys or sheaves D, D¹, the said pulleys being supported in bearings C¹, C
The bucket
in a frame C, and the pulley D' actuated by any convenient means.
is balanced in order to regulate the down stroke by adding a weight or weights E, E,
so as to cause it to descend at a quicker rate. The up stroke can be regulated by
the speed of the engine or other power which may be applied, the rope or chain Č
being wound up for the ascent by actuating the pulley D', and unwound for the
descent under the action of the gravitation of the said weights.
In operating with this apparatus a few short strokes are first taken in order to
produce a vacuum and cause the water to pass through the bucket B to the upper
side thereof. When once the column of water is moved it can be drawn up as
rapidly as required, either the full length, or any required part of the length of the
shaft A' in which the cylinder is fitted, there being no obstruction to the motion
of the bucket. In my Drawings I have represented the bucket as in the course of
being elevated.
The water, on being lifted to the top of the cylinder A, overflows into a box F,
placed a little below the top of the cylinder, or into a spout attached to the side of
the cylinder, as may be required. By this arrangement a great saving is
effected, as less power is required to lift the water than by the ordinary
means, whilst spears and beam engines are dispensed with; also there is less
obstruction in the shaft A¹, as the cylinder A is straight, and may be fitted
close to the side of the shaft, as shewn or fixed in a working shaft if
required, without being an obstruction, as no risk is incurred of the breakage of
spears. As, moreover, the bucket B is weighted in case of the rope or chain C
breaking, it would descend at its usual rate, and the broken rope or chain would
descend into the cylinder, without damaging the pit or shaft.
In this apparatus the weight can be regulated on the bracket so as to cause it to
descend at a very slow rate if required.

page_text: This apparatus can be worked by a winding engine fitted with a drum by a
locomotive engine on a railway, by a jackroll, or by any power where the rope or
chain can be applied. It is applicable in any place where water is required to be
lifted, in factories or other works. If required in factories it may be used as an
hydraulic power, or it may be employed as an hydraulic power in mines or pits
by attaching a cock or valve to the cylinder, and applying a pipe to the same.
This apparatus is applied with facility, and readily repaired; when the bucket
requires repairing it is drawn out of the cylinder, when if the clack G is tight the
column of water will be maintained. The clack G can also be drawn up out of the
cylinder by means of a hook, which may be attached to the rope or chain C, and
connected to the strap or handle a, or the clack may be examined at a door H, which
is provided in order to afford ready access to it. The strap a also serves for the
purpose of controlling the lift of the valve.
In the case of a mine or pit being filled with water, the cylinder can be lowered
into any depth, as required; if lowered to the bottom of the shaft, the full length of
the shaft can be lifted at one stroke. The cylinders may be made of any size to
suit the quantity of water required to be lifted.
By applying two or more cylinders, which may be worked by a stationary engine,
with drum and spur gearing, or otherwise, the apparatus may be so arranged that
one bucket shall be ascending while the other is descending, whereby a constant
flow may be maintained; when once the column of water is formed the stroke may
be made of any required length, according to the quantity of water required to be
lifted.
It is preferred to employ as the clack G a ball clack of the peculiar construction
next herein-after described, and shewn in elevation as applied to a portion of a
cylinder in Figure 3, and in plan in Figure 4; the seat I of the clack is formed
with openings or gratings b to allow the water or other liquid to flow through, and
is concave, of the same radius as the ball; the ball G is spherical, and may be
made of india-rubber or any suitable material; the seat I may also be faced with
india-rubber or other suitable material to relieve the shock upon the ball falling
upon the seat; by this arrangement the ball is not so liable to get out of orderas is
the case where it falls upon a mitred edge; this arrangement of ball valve and
seat is also applicable to the bucket, and also generally wherever a bucket or clack
is required.
The joints at 6¹ of the cylinder A is formed, as shewn in Figure 5, with a spigot
c and fawcet d, with the inner edge of the fawcet chamfered off the joint, being
made water-tight by placing a small ring d' of india-rubber or other suitable
material over the spigot c, and the two lengths secured by bolts or nuts, or other-
wise.
The Invention is also applicable to pumps of the ordinary description, that is to
Bay, it may be used in the working barrel of the ordinary pump in lieu of
spears.
The improved apparatus may be used in substitution for the balance weight
employed in winding engines, when the engine will pump water instead of applying
brake power or lifting a dead weight.
The balance can be regulated according to the size of the cylinder or length of the
stroke.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is,--
First. The general construction, arrangement, and combination of parts forming
an apparatus for raising water or other liquids, substantially as herein-before
described, and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Second. The combination with a ball valve of a concave seat formed with
openings or gratings, substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Dunn, have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-eight.
ROBERT DUNN. (L.S.)