IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARMATURES OF DYNAMO-ELECTRIC GENERATORS AND MOTORS, WHEREBY THEIR CONSTRUCTION IS SIMPLIFIED AND CHEAPENED, AND THEY ARE RENDERED MORE EFFICIENT, AND LESS LIABLE TO BECOME HEATED
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
I WILLIAM ADOLPH LEIPNER Electric Engineer 47 Hampton Park Clifton,
Bristol do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE ARMATURES OF DYNAMO-ELECTRIC GENERATORS AND MOTORS, WHEREBY THEIR
CONSTRUCTION IS SIMPLIFIED AND CHEAPENED, AND THEY ARE RENDERED MORE
EFFICIENT, AND LESS LIABLE TO BECOME HEATED, to be as follows:-
My improved armature consists of a number of separate coils wound on frames or
bobbins of a pecular form, and set in or on or around the circumference of a disk
or ring frame of wood, or other strong material such as papier-maché, vulcanised
fibre, and the like, such material not being a conductor of electricity.
The use of disks or flat rings of metal for holding the bobbins of the armature is
objectionable; as the metal being a conductor of electricity, is liable to have wasteful
Foucault-currents set up in it when it revolves in the magnetic field. I therefore
use one of the materials named above, for the disk or plate or frame of my improved
armature. One method of attaching the separate bobbins which I adopt in my
armature, is to pierce through the disk or frame, at equal distances round, a number
of holes, through which cores made of bundles of varnished soft iron wire are
thrust, so that they protude equally on the two sides of the disk. On these
protuding ends of the cores, bobbins or coils are placed; there being two such sets
of coils or bobbins, one set on each face of the disk or frame. A general view of
this form of armature is shown in Figs 1 & 2. Another method of attaching the
bobbins consists in affixing them radially to the disk, so that the poles of the coils
all face outwards. When the former arrangement is adopted it is necessary to
adopt some device for conveniently holding the coils in position, when placed on the
ends of the cores. The separate bobbins themselves are made of paper, asbestos-
cloth or vulcanised fibre, and are of the shape shewn in Fig 3.
Pieces of sheet iron of the form shewn in Fig 4, 5, and 6, that is to say folded or
placed together in a V-form and having slight flanged ends turned up, are thrust
through slots prepared in the disk or frame of the armature. Two bobbins,
previously wound with their coils, are slipped on the ends of each of these and the
space between the two folds of the V shaped iron is then filled up by thrusting in
pieces of varnished iron wire cut to the proper length, or in some cases strips or
pieces of varnished sheet iron are thrust in. These pieces of iron, when so driven
in, cause the V flanged pieces of sheet iron to open out to a wider angle, and the

page_text: bobbins are thus keyed on by the flanges, as shewn in Figures 7 and 8. The coils
of the two bobbins on each such core are then connected together, as shewn in
Fig 9, so that the two coils are electrically one continuous spiral, and the ends of
each such spiral is connected to the begining of the next spiral, so that there is a
complete circuit round the ring.
I am aware, that Dynamo-electric machines, having plates of metal, bearing a
somewhat similar arrangment of bobbins, have been described in Great Britain
under the name of the Wallace-Farmer machine, and as the machine of Niaudet.
I am aware also of a suggestion by Mr Brockie to construct an armature, in which
there was a set of bobbins arranged on a drum, having their poles, however,
conected by two rings of iron; and it will be seen that these machines differ
essentially from my inventon, inasmuch as plates or rings of metal are liable to
heat, and such are avoided by my inventon, in which the disk, plate, ring or frame,
to which the coils or bobbins are attached, is made of non-metallic material.

page_text: I WILLIAM ADOLPH LEIPNER Electric Engineer 47 Hampton Park Clifton
Bristol, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for INPROVEMENTS IN
ARMATURES OF DYNAMO ELECTRIC GENERATORS AND MOTORS WHEREBY THEIR
CONSTRUCTION IS SIMPLIFIED AND CHEAPENED, AND THEY ARE RENDERED MORE
EFFICIENT, AND LESS LIABLE TO BECOME HEATED, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
My improved armature consists of a number of separate coils of insulated copper
wire or copper strips wound on frames or bobbins of a peculiar form, and set in or
on or around the circumference of a disk or ring frame of wood, or other strong
material such as papier-maché, vulcanised fibre, and the like, such material not
being a conductor of electricity. The use of disks or flat rings of metal for holding
the bobbins, of the armature is objectionable, as the metal being a conductor of
electricity, is liable to have wasteful Foucault-currents set up in it, when it revolves
in the magnetic field. I therefore use one of the materials named above, for the
disk or plate or frame of my improved armature. One method of attaching the
separate bobbins which I adopt in my armature, is to pierce through the disk or
frame, at equal distances round, a number of holes, through which cores made of
bundles of varnished iron wire are thrust, so that they protude equally on the two
sides of the disk. On these protuding ends of the cores, bobbins or coils are placed;
there being two such sets of coils or bobbins, one set on each face of the disk or
frame. A general view of this form of armature is shewn in Figs 1 & 2. Another
method of attaching the bobbins consists in affixing them radially to the disk, so
that the poles of the coils all face outwards. When the former arrangement is
adopted it is necessary to adopt some device for conveniently holding the coils in
position, when placed on the ends of the cores. The separate bobbins themselves
are made of paper, asbestos-cloth or vulcanised fibre, and are of the shape shewn in
Fig (3). Pieces of sheet iron of the form shewn in Figs 4, 5 and 6, that is to say,
folded or placed together in a V-form and having slight flanged ends turned up, are
thrust through slots prepared in the disk or frame of the armature. Two bobbins,
previously wound with their coils, are slipped on the ends of each of these and the
space between the two folds of the V-shaped iron is then filled up by thrusting in
pieces of varnished iron wire cut to the proper length, or in some cases, strips or
pieces of varnished sheet iron are thrust in. These pieces of iron when so driven
in cause the flanged pieces of sheet iron to open out to a wider angle, and the
bobbins are thus keyed on by the flanges, as shewn in part of Fig 1 and 7 and 8
the latter two shew also two different sections of coils. The coils of the two
bobbins on each such coils are then connected together, as shewn in Fig 9, so that
the two coils are electrically one continous spiral, and the end of each such spiral is
connected to the beginning of the next spiral, so that there is a complete circuit
round the ring.
I am aware that dynamo electric machines, having plates of metal bearing a
somewhat similar arrangement of bobbins, have been described in Gt Britain under
the name of the Wallace-Farmer machine, and as the machine of Nidaudet. I am
aware also of a suggestion by Mr. Brockie to construct an armature, in which there
was a set of bobbins arranged on a drum, having their poles, however, connected by
two rings of iron; and it will be seen that these machines differ essentially from
my invention, inasmuch as plates or rings of metal are liable to heat, and such are
avoided by my invention, in which the disk plate, ring or frame to which the coils
or bobbins are attached is made of non metallic material.

page_text: "Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:"—
(1) The use of a disk, plate, ring or frame, made either of wood or other strong
material such as papier-maché vulcanised-fibre and the like, such materials not being
conductors of Electricity. For either armatures of Dynamo electric generators or
Motors.
(2) I claim the arrangement, I have for fixing the coils or bobbins to my disk
ring or plate, which is as follows.
Pieces of sheet iron or any other strong material are folded or placed together in
a V-form, or any other form, which will depend upon the size of the armature,
having slightly flanged ends turned up, shewn in Figs 4 5 and 6, are thrust through
slots prepared in the disk or frame of armature. Two bobbins previously wound
with their coils, are slipped on the ends of each of these, and the space between the
two folds of the V shaped pieces is filled up by thrusting in pieces of varnished iron
wire, or by thrusting in strips of sheet iron, or solid iron.
Dated this 9th October 1884.