Year: 1883

page_text: 1, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, seek leave to
amend the Specification of Letters Patent N° 2853 of 1883, as shewn in red ink
in the copy of the original Specification hereunto annexed, consisting of the
omission of the third claiming clause of the said Specification.
My reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-
That since the filing of the said Specification I have been advised that the said
third claiming clause of the said Specification may be objected to as including
matter which was not new at the time when I applied for the said Letters Patent.
Dat this 21st Love of T.I., 1009
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.

page_text: In the matter of Letters Patent granted to Charles Denton Abel N° 2853
of the series of the year 1883.
I hereby grant leave to the said Charles Denton Abel to amend the Specification
filed in pursuance of the said Letters Patent in the manner proposed.
Dated this Second day of October 1884
J. CLARK HALL,
Deputy Comptroller.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel of N° 28 Southampton Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL HANDLES FOR KNIVES, FORKS AND
OTHER
to him from abroad by Wilhelm
Lorenz of Carlsruhe, Baden, in the German Empire.
"
INSTRUMENTS communicated
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1883.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
16 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL
the County of Middlesex
HANDLES FOR KNIVES FORKS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS" [communicated to him
from abroad by Wilhelm Lorenz of Carlsruhe, Baden, in the German Empire.]
Metal handles for knives and other instruments have heretofore been cast or
stamped in two halves and have then been soldered together.
According to the present invention, they are drawn and stamped out of one piece
of metal as follows. Discs of the required metal, such as brass, nickel, German
silver and the like, are drawn in the known manner into the form of cylindrical
tubes, of a size corresponding to the handle to be produced, and these tubes are
then drawn or spun into conical or tapering form corresponding to the required
taper of the handle, either by forcing them into taper dies or moulds, or by drawing
them over divided taper mandrils that can afterwards be removed, after which they
are run in with lead or other suitable ductile metal or material of low melting
point. The handles thus prepared are then introduced into divided dies or moulds
having the configuration required for the finished handle, and are therein subjected
to the required pressure for causing the handle to assume the configuration of the
mould. When the die or mould has more or less deeply or finely cut ornamenta-
tions, the effectual reproduction of such ornamentations upon the surface of the
handle is insured by driving a mandril or conical plug into the soft metal or
material at the open end of the handle, while it is in the mould, so that by such
additional compression, the metal of the handle will be effectually driven into the
recesses of the mould. The handles are then removed from the moulds and are
subjected to such a heat as will cause the metal or other filling to melt and run out
and the handles are then ready for polishing.
When the handles are of very soft metal, the filling may be of resin or wax, or
even a liquid such as oil or water, or sand, these being prevented from running out
during the pressing, by temporarily plugging the open end of the handle.
With moulds of more or less complicated configuration, the handles may have
the approximate shape thereof imparted to them beforehand by pressing or spinning
them over divided mandrils having such approximate shape.
For securing the blades or tools in the handles, the tang of the blade is formed
with grooves or projecting ribs, and a ferrule of soft metal, being passed over the
tang, is spun into the grooves or recesses so as to be secured thereto, after which
the tang with the ferrule is inserted into the handle and the latter is spun or
Or the ferrule may be inserted into the
pressed into the grooves of the ferrule.
bandle in the first instance and, after introducing the grooved tang, both may be
spun or pressed simultaneously into the grooves or recesses of the tang. If required,
the blade may be further secured by rivetting and the handle can also be previously
loaded with lead in the usua! manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th October 1883.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of. N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL
HANDLES FOR KNIVES, FORKS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS." A communication to
me from abroad by Wilhelm Lorenz of Carlsruhe, Baden, in the German Empire.
Metal handles for knives and other instruments have heretofore been cast or
stamped in two halves and have then been soldered together.
According to the present invention, they are drawn and stamped out of one piece
of metal as follows. Discs of the required metal, such as brass, Nickel, German Silver,
and the like, are drawn in the known manner into the form of cylindrical tubes, of a
size corresponding to the handle to be produced, and these tubes are then drawn or
spun into conical or tapering form corresponding to the required taper of the handle,
either by forcing them into taper dies or moulds or by drawing them over divided
taper mandrils, (such as indicated by dotted lines at a fig 1 of the drawings) that can
afterwards be removed, after which they are run in with lead or other suitable
ductile metal or material of low melting point. The handles thus prepared are
then introduced into divided dies or moulds having the configuration required for
the finished handle, (such as indicated at figs 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings), and are
therein subjected to the required pressure for causing the handle to assume the
configuration of the mould. When the die or mould has more or less deeply or
finely cut ornamentations, the effectual reproduction of such ornamentations upon
the surface of the handle may be ensured by driving a mandril or conical plug into
the soft metal or material at the open end of the handle, while it is in the mould,
so that, by such additional compression, the metal of the handle will be effectually
driven into the recesses of the mould.
The handles are then removed from the moulds and are subjected to such a heat
as will cause the metal or other filling to melt and run out, and the handles are
then ready for polishing.
When the handles are of very soft metal, the filling may be of resin or wax or
even a liquid such as Oil or water, or sand, these substances being prevented from
running out during the pressing by temporarily plugging the open end of the
handle.
With moulds of more or less complicated configurations, the handles may have
the approximate shape thereof imparted to them before hand by pressing or spinning
them over divided mandrils having such approximate shape
Or the
For securing the blade or tool in the handle, the tang of the blade is formed with
grooves or projecting ribs as indicated at figs. 4 and 5, and a ferrule d of soft metal
being passed over the tang, is spun into the grooves or recesses so as to be secured
thereto, after which the tang with the ferrule is inserted into the handle and the
latter is pressed or spun into the grooves of the ferrule, as shewn.
ferrule may be inserted into the handle in the first instance, and after introducing
the grooved tang, both may be spun or pressed simultaneously into the grooves or
recesses of the tang. If required, the blade may be further secured by rivetting,
and the handle can also be previously loaded with lead, in the usual manner.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I
claim :-
First The manufacture of metal handles for knives and other instruments by
first imparting to metal tubes a tapering form in tapering dies or moulds or on
tapering mandrils, and then subjecting the same to pressure in divided moulds or
dies having the configuration required to be imparted to the handle, substantially
as herein described.
Second In the manufacture of metal handles, as set forth in the preceding
claim, the method of filling the tapering metal tube with a readily fusible inetal or
material or with a liquid or sand, before subjecting it to pressure in the die or
mould, with or without the use of a plug, wedge or mandril driven into the said
soft material while the handle is in the mould, in order to ensure the recessed
designs of the latter being transferred to the handle, substantially as herein
described.
Third: Securing the blades-or-instruments in-metal-handles-constructed-as-set
forth-in-the-preceding claims by first spinning or pressing-a-soft metal ferrule-on
to-the-tang-of-the-blade, provided with grooves-or-projections, and then-spinning
or pressing the metal of the handle on to the projections of the ferrule, substantially
as herein described.
In Witness whereof, I the said Charles Denton Abel have hereunto set my hand
and Seal this sixteenth day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand
aight hndard and
CHAS. D. ABEL (L.S.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel of N° 28 Southampton Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL HANDLES FOR KNIVES, FORKS AND
"
OTHER INSTRUMENTS communicated to him from abroad by Wilhelm
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1883.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL
HANDLES FOR KNIVES, FORKS, AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS [communicated to him
from abroad by Wilhelm Lorenz of Carlsruhe, Baden, in the German Empire.]
"
Metal handles for knives and other instruments have heretofore been cast or
stamped in two halves and have then been soldered together.
According to the present invention, they are drawn and stamped out of one piece
of metal as follows. Discs of the required metal, such as brass, nickel, German
silver and the like, are drawn in the known manner into the form of cylindrical
tubes, of a size corresponding to the handle to be produced, and these tubes are
then drawn or spun into conical or tapering form corresponding to the required
taper of the handle, either by forcing them into taper dies or moulds, or by drawing
them over divided taper mandrils that can afterwards be removed, after which they
are run in with lead or other suitable ductile metal or material of low melting
point. The handles thus prepared are then introduced into divided dies or moulds
having the configuration required for the finished handle, and are therein subjected
to the required pressure for causing the handle to assume the configuration of the
mould. When the die or mould has more or less deeply or finely cut ornamenta-
tions, the effectual reproduction of such ornamentations upon the surface of the
handle is insured by driving a mandril or conical plug into the soft metal or
material at the open end of the handle, while it is in the mould, so that by Buch
additional compression, the metal of the handle will be effectually driven into the

page_text: recesses of the mould. The handles are then removed from the moulds and are
subjected to such a heat as will cause the metal or other filling to melt and run out,
and the handles are then ready for polishing.
When the handles are of very soft metal, the filling may be of resin or wax, or
even a liquid such as oil or water, or sand, these being prevented from running out
during the pressing, by temporarily plugging the open end of the handle.
With moulds of more or less complicated configuration, the handles may have
the approximate shape thereof imparted to them beforehand by pressing or spinning
them over divided mandrils having such approximate shape.
For securing the blades or tools in the handles, the tang of the blade is formed
with grooves or projecting ribs, and a ferrule of soft metal, being passed over the
tang, is spun into the grooves or recesses so as to be secured thereto, after which
the tang with the ferrule is inserted into the handle and the latter is spun or
pressed into the grooves of the ferrule. Or the ferrule may be inserted into the
handle in the first instance and, after introducing the grooved tang, both may be
spun or pressed simultaneously into the grooves or recesses of the tang. If required,
the blade may be further secured by rivetting and the handle can also be previously
loaded with lead in the usual manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th October 1883.
<
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in
the county of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL
HANDLES FOR KNIVES, FORKS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS." A communication to
me from abroad by Wilhelm Lorenz of Carlsruhe, Baden, in the German Empire.
Metal handles for knives and other instruments have heretofore been cast or
stamped in two halves and have then been soldered together.
According to the present invention, they are drawn and stainped out of one piece
of metal as follows. Discs of the required metal, such as brass,' Nickel, German Silver,
and the like, are drawn in the known manner into the form of cylindrical tubes, of a
size corresponding to the handle to be produced, and these tubes are then drawn or
spun into conical or tapering form corresponding to the required taper of the handle,
either by forcing them into taper dies or moulds or by drawing them over divided
taper mandrils, (such as indicated by dotted lines at a fig 1 of the drawings) that can
afterwards be removed, after which they are run in with lead or other suitable
ductile metal or material of low melting point. The handles thus prepared are
then introduced into divided dies or moulds having the configuration required for
the finished handle, (such as indicated at figs 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings), and are
thercin subjected to the required pressure for causing the handle to assume the
configuration of the mould. When the dio or mould has more or less deeply or
finely cut ornamentations, the effectual reproduction of such ornamentations upon
the surface of the handle may be ensured by driving a mandril or conical plug into
the soft inetal or material at the open end of the handle, while it is in the mould,
so that, by such additional compression, the metal of the handle will be effectually
driven into the recesses of the mould.
The handles are then removed from the moulds and are subjected to such a heat
as will cause the metal or other filling to melt and run out, and the handles are
then ready for polishing.
When the handles are of very soft metal, the filling may be of resin or wax or
even a liquid such as Oil or water, or sand, these substances being prevented from
running out during the pressing by temporarily plugging the open end of the
handle.
With moulds of more or less complicated configurations, the handles may have
the approximate shape thereof imparted to them before hand by pressing or spinning
them over divided mandrils having such approximate shape
For securing the blade or tool in the handle, the tang of the blade is formed with
grooves or projecting ribs as indicated at figs. 4 and 5, and a ferrule d of soft metal
being passed over the tang, is spun into the grooves or recesses so as to be secured
thereto, after which the tang with the ferrule is inserted into the handle and the
latter is pressed or spun into the grooves of the ferrule, as shewn. Or the
ferrule may be inserted into the handle in the first instance, and after introducing
the grooved tang, both may be spun or pressed simultaneously into the grooves or
recesses of the tang. If required, the blade may be further secured by rivetting,
and the handle can also be previously loaded with lead, in the usual manner.
Having thus described the nature of the said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I
claim:―
First The manufacture of metal handles for knives and other instruments by

page_text: first imparting to metal tubes a tapering form in tapering dies or moulds or on
tapering mandrils, and then subjecting the same to pressure in divided moulds or
dies having the configuration required to be imparted to the handle, substantially
as herein described.
Second: In the manufacture of metal handles, as set forth in the preceding
claim, the method of filling the tapering metal tube with a readily fusible metal or
material or with a liquid or sand, before subjecting it to pressure in the die or
mould, with or without the use of a plug, wedge or mandril driven into the said
soft material while the handle is in the mould, in order to ensure the recessed
designs of the latter being transferred to the haudle, substantially as herein
described.
Third Securing the blades or instruments in metal handles constructed as set
forth in the preceding claims by first spinning or pressing a soft metal ferrule on
to the tang of the blade, provided with grooves or projections, and then spinning
or pressing the metal of the handle on to the projections of the ferrule, substantially
as herein described.
In Witness whereof, I the said Charles Denton Abel have hereunto set my hand
and Seal this sixteenth day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty-three.