Improvements in Spinning Machines for the Dry Spinning of Flax,. Jute, Hemp, and other like Textile Materials.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in Spinning Machines for the Dry Spinning of Flax,.
Jute, Hemp, and other like Textile Materials.
I, ADOLPHE EDOUARD GRYSEZ of 16 Rue Drouot, Paris in the Republic of
France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
In machines for dry spinning flax, jute, hemp and the other like textiles, the
roving which comes from the spindle roving frame engages between a first pair of
grooved or fluted rollers, the first of which (the so called feed roller) is of iron,
and the other, (the so called pressure roller) of cast metal, the latter roller being
pressed on the former by the pressure of a lever arm. Emerging from the feeding
rollers the roving passes between a second pair of smooth rollers, the one (the so
called drawing cylinder) of iron, the other (the so called pressure roller) of wood,
arranged in relation to one another the same as the preceding ones.
The speed of rotation of a given point of the drawing cylinder is greater than
that of a point of the feed cylinder and it is this difference in the speed which
produces the drawing. It is then only necessary to give the sliver, drawn in such
a way as to have the desired thickness, the twist necessary for the solidity of the
thread.
The arrangements actually employed for drawing the thread in the manner
which I have briefly hereinbefore enumerated, have numerous drawbacks,
which ineffectual efforts have been made to avoid. These drawbacks are as
follows:-
1. The rapid wear of the drawing and feeding cylinders due to the passage of.
the roving always at the same points of their rollers;
2. The rapid wear of the pressure rollers, and more particularly the rapid
deformation of the contact surface of the wooden drawing pressure rollers. After
only one hour's work, one of these rollers freshly turned will show, at the place
where the sliver passes, a groove, the depth of which goes on increasing until work
is rendered impossible, and the roller must be removed to be re-turned.. The
formation of this groove by allowing the sliver to slip more easily between the
pressure roller and the surface of the cylinder accelerates still more the wear of;
the latter, by reason of the sliding friction which is produced. Grooves are thus
formed in the cylinder, soon rendering it necessary for it to be re-turned.
The consequences of this wear are easily imagined. They are,
1st. Irregularities in the thread caused by a necessarily very defective drawing
action:
2nd. An increase in the waste:
3rd. A considerable diminution of the production during the stoppages.
necessitated by the repairs of the cylinders, and pressure roliers:
4th. A somewhat considerable expense.
In order to avoid these drawbacks, I have designed the new arrangements which
form the object of this patent application.
Having ascertained that a longitudinal automatic reciprocating motion imparted
to the drawing and feed rollers only fulfilled very imperfectly the object proposed,
(because even if the wear of the cylinders were a little equalised, that of the
rollers on which the roving rubbed in the same place could not be avoided), I have
given a rectilinear alternating motion to this roving itself, from the initial moment

page_text: up to the end of the drawing, that is to say, from its arrival between the feed
rollers up to its exit from the drawing rollers, this movement being regulated
in such a way as to cause the sliver to travel across all the width of the rollers of
both cylinders.
To sum up, the various modifications, which as a whole form the object of ny
invention, comprise essentially the addition to machines, for the dry spinning of
flax, jute, hemp and other like textile materials, of various arrangements allowing
a rectilinear alternating and automatic movement to be imparted to the coarse
roving during the whole of the drawing operation, which movement operates in the
plane formed by the line of contact of the drawing rollers with their pressure
rollers, and the line of contact of the feed rollers with their pressure rollers, and
forces the roving to travel within a given time along the whole length of these
lines. These arrangements comprise :-
A flat bar of steel having an alternating movement which bar replaces the cast
metal plates, (so called "roving guides") and is perforated with as many holes as
the machine has spindles. The rovings pass through these holes and the bar,
which moves laterally in a uniform and alternate manner parallel to the feed
cylinder, causes the rovings to run along the whole length of the rollers.
A bar of round iron carrying the tin plate tubes which guide the slivers at their
entrance between the drawing rollers. This bar, constructed in such a way as to
be capable of sliding in its supports, and of carrying with it the aforesaid tubes,
the seatings of which are dispensed with, receives a movement absolutely similar to
the preceding one, causing the mouth of the tube, and consequently the roving,
to .traverse the whole length of the drawing roller. A special mechanism to
produce these two movements, and to allow of their both being regulated
separately.
Wheels of cast metal coated with leather, to replace the wooden drawing and
pressing cylinders and having the same length as the drawing rollers.
Wooden bearings or linings replacing the bronze bearings of the pushing rods of
the balance levers.
-
I shall further on enter into some descriptive details relating to these various
modifications, which I repeat are co-relative with the object itself of my
invention.
The results obtained by means of these improved arrangements are as
follows-
The coarse roving receiving during the drawing operation a constant laterally
reciprocating movement, no longer passes continuously at the same place between
the two couples of cylinders, and the wear is distributed over the whole surface of
the rollers instead of cutting a groove therein, as is the case in the machines at
present constructed. The cylinders remain therefore in good condition for an
almost indefinite period. Further the rollers of cast metal covered with leather
which replace the wooden rollers, remain for the same reason always in good
condition.
The drawbacks pointed out hereinbefore are in this way avoided, and there are
obtained:
1st. An improved manufacture of more regular thread;
2nd. A considerable saving in the expense occasioned by the constant replace-
ment of the wooden rollers and cylinders;
3rd. A very considerable increase of production, resulting from the fact, that
the spindles are no longer stopped in consequence of repairs to the cylinders or of
the changing of the rollers.
+
I will now describe a spinning machine modified conformably with my
invention.
י
The roving-guide-bar is flat, and made of steel, and rests on the cover of the
bearings of the feed roller. The holes with which it is pierced, are arranged
in a suitable way to present the rovings to the feed roller at a suitable
inclination.
L

page_text: Longitudinal slots are formed in the said bar and screws pass through these
slots with their heads pressed against the bar with slight friction, their shanks
serving to guide it and hold it. On the opposite side to the driving mechanism of
the machine, the bar is connected by means of a support of V section with a lever
which imparts, to it its movement; a slot allows of the bar being regulated very
accurately as regards its position.
The other bar intended to support the tubes and to carry them along with it in
its rectilinear alternating movement, has several indispensable peculiarities which
must be carefully observed in order to obtain a good working of the machine. It
is of cast iron and round and has grooves equal in number to the number of the
spindles of the machine; the centre of each groove is situated in the same vertical
plane with the axis of the corresponding spindle. To the right of these inter-
mediate grooves where the ordinary supports are little modified, the tube carrying
bar is flattened to slide on the raised part of the supports in a longitudinal
direction, that is to say in the direction of the movement of the bar, and also in a
perpendicular direction; this latter displacement being effected by means of a
screw, the head of which passes freely through a cap or cover plate screwed on the
support, and rests against the outer face of the flat part of the bar, against the
rear face of the flat part is a washer bolted on the shank of the screw. The thread
of the latter enters the frame, and the adjustment of the bar by this arrangement,
that is to say the possib.lity (necessary) of regulating the tension and the inclina-
tion of the sliver, may be easily conceived. The tubes have the form of the
ordinary guides. They are made of sufficiently strong tinplate, whilst being
comparatively easy to bend; the sides must be well shaped parallel to the medium
line, so that in the part turned up they have sufficient support against the shoulder
of the grooves to be kept straight, whilst being able to turn easily round the bar.
The seatings of the tubes are dispensed with; these tubes carried slowly along
move so that their medium line rests always normal to the bar, owing to the
shoulders of the grooves.
The bar holding the tubes is terminated by a groove in which fits a piece bent
twice at a right angle, and connected to the oscillating lever by a trunnion
allowing all the points of the piece to describe an arc of a circle round the centre
of this trunnion, whilst the latter oscillates with the lever. The groove is
regulated in such a way that the point of the tube (in other words the roving)
travels over the greatest possible length of the drawing roller and of the roller of
cast iron coated with leather.
I employ rollers of cast metal made in a single piece, as well as rollers in three
parts; two cast metal wheels are mounted on a steel shaft, or even two wooden
wheels are mounted on another shaft also of steel; in all these cases the wheels
are covered with a band of leather perfectly held down by adhesive material, and
fitting closely to the periphery of the rim. The width of this band is two
millimetres greater than that of the track. This difference I deem necessary in
order to compensate for the play which in practice inevitably takes place between
the ends of the tubes and the shoulders of the grooves, between the ends of the
spindles of the rollers and the back bar supports, etcetera.
I bave substituted wooden bearings for bronze bearings for the pushers of the
balance levers, and for the pressure rollers of the drawing rollers, and by this fact
I have considerably diminished the wear of the spindles of these rollers in their
medium part, and at the same time the power uselessly expended by the use of
bronze bearings; these latter in fact become hollow very rapidly, and the pressure
due to the weight and transmitted by the lever, instead of being transmitted
normally at the point of contact of the pressure roller and the drawing roller is
lost in the friction of the bearings and the spindle of the roller.
The hard wood which I employ retains much better the lubricating oil, and
becoming impregnated therewith, it absorbs less power by friction, and becomes
less quickly hollow.
The mechanism operating each bar and which is situated on the opposite side to

page_text: '
the driving mechanism, is arranged in such a way as to allow of its being regulated
as regards its course. Its speed is sufficiently slow not to impede in any way the
drawing operation. I have said that each bar is connected by special pieces to a
common lever pivoting on a fixed point of the frame. This lever receives its
oscillating movement in the following manner :-
Towards its centre, it has a pivot receiving a roller which penetrates into a
helicoidal groove of a cylindrical piece revolving very slowly on its axis (about
one revolution in 10 hours). This axis is horizontal. The groove is made in such
a way as to give approximately the desired latitude for the oscillation of the lever,
except that it may be modified a little in case of need at the attachments of the
bars. This groove is limited by suitable helicoidal surfaces with two demi-helices
wound in opposite directions and having a similar pitch; a pitch equal to the
course which is to be described by the centre of the drawing roller.
The feed cylinder is prolonged and terminated by an endless screw of 8 milli-
metres pitch; this screw engages with a wheel of 60 teeth keyed on the shaft of a
second endless screw of the same pitch as the first screw, and this second screw
engages with a wheel having 70 teeth. This latter wheel is provided with a socket
on which is keyed the grooved cylinder. The feed roller revolving 7 revolutions
7 × 10 × 60
at an average per minute, the speed of the cylinder is found to be
60 × 70
say one revolution per 10 hours of working of the machine, that is to say one
complete oscillation per day for the lever, and one movement out and home of the
roving-guide-bars and carrying tubes.
Dated this 24th day of October 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Spinning Machines for the Dry Spinning of Flax,
Jute, Hemp, and other like Textile Materials.
I, ADOLPHE EDOUARD GRYSEZ of 16, Rue Drouot, Paris, in the Republic
of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In machines for dry spinning flax, jute, hemp and the other like textiles the
roving which comes from the spindle roving frame engages between a first pair of
grooved or fluted rollers, the first of which (the so called feed roller) is of iron, and
the other, (the so called pressure roller) of cast metal, the latter roller being pressed
on the former by the pressure of a lever arm. Emerging from the feeding rollers
the roving passes between a second pair of smooth rollers, the one (the so-called
drawing cylinder) of iron, the other (the so called pressure roller) of wood arranged
in relation to one another the same as the preceding ones.
The speed of rotation of a given point of the drawing cylinder is greater than
that of a point of the feed cylinder and it is this difference in the speed which
produces the drawing. It is then only necessary to give the sliver, drawn in such
a way as to have the desired thickness, the twist necessary for the solidity of the
thread.
The arrangements actually employed for drawing the thread in the manner
which I have briefly herein before enumerated, have numerous drawbacks, which
ineffectual efforts have been made to avoid. These drawbacks are as follows:-
1. The rapid wear of the drawing and feeding cylinders due to the passage of the
roving always at the same points of their rollers;

page_text: 2. The rapid wear of the pressure rollers, and more particularly the rapid
deformation of the contact surface of the wooden drawing pressure rollers. After
only one hour's work, one of these rollers freshly turned will show, at the place
where the sliver passes, a groove, the depth of which goes on increasing until work
is rendered impossible, and the roller must be removed to be re-turned. The
formation of this groove by allowing the sliver to slip more easily between the
pressure roller and the surface of the cylinder accelerates still more the wear of
the latter, by reason of the sliding friction which is produced. Grooves are thus
formed in the cylinder soon rendering it necessary for it to be re-turnel.
The consequences of this wear are easily imagined. They are,
1st. Irregularities in the thread caused by a necessarily very defective drawing
action :
2nd. An increase in the waste:
3rd. A considerable diminution of the production during the stoppages necessi-
tated by the repairs of the cylinders, and pressure rollers:
4th. A somewhat considerable expense.
In order to avoid these drawbacks, I have designed the new arrange nents which
form the object of this patent application.
Having ascertained that a longitudinal automatic reciprocating motion imparted
to the drawing and feed rollers only fulfilled very imperfectly the object proposed,
(because even if the wear of the cylinders were a little equalised that of the rollers
on which the roving rubbed in the same place could not be avoided) I have
given a rectilinear alternating motion to this roving itself, from the initial moment
up to the end of the drawing, that is to say, from its arrival between the feed rollers
up to its exit from the drawing rollers, this movement being regulated in such a
way as to cause the sliver to travel across all the width of the rollers of both
cylinders.
To sum up, the various modifications which as a whole form the object of my
invention, comprise essentially the addition to machines for the dry spinning of
flax, jute, hemp and other like textile materials of various arrangements allowing
a rectilinear alternating and automatic movement to be imparted to the coarse
roving during the whole of the drawing operation, which movement operates in
the plane formed by the line of contact of the drawing rollers with their pressure
rollers, and the line of contact of the feed rollers with their pressure rollers, and
forces the roving to travel within a given time along the whole length of these lines.
These arrangements comprise:
A flat bar of steel having an alternating movement, which bar replaces the cast
metal plates, (so called "roving guides") and is perforated with as many holes as
the machine has spindles. The rovings pass throught hese holes, and the bar, which
moves laterally in a uniform and alternate manner parallel to the feed cylinder,
causes the rovings to run along the whole length of the rollers.
A bar of round iron carrying the tin plate tubes which guide the slivers at their
entrance between the drawing rollers. This bar, constructed in such a way as to be
capable of sliding in its supports, and of carrying with it the aforesaid tubes, the
seatings of which are dispensed with, receives a movement absolutely similar to the
preceding one, causing the mouth of the tube, and consequently the roving, to
traverse the whole length of the drawing roller. A special mechanism to
produce these two movements, and to allow of their both being regulated
separately.
Rollers of cast metal coated with leather, or vulcanised indiarubber to a thick-
ness of about 3.5 millimetres, to replace the wooden drawing and pressing
cylinders and having the same length as the uncovered cast metal drawing
rollers.
Wooden bearings or linings for the pressure rollers replacing the bronze
bearings carried by the pushing rods of the weighted pressure levers.
I shall further on enter into some descriptive details relating to these various

page_text: modifications, which I repeat are co-relative with
invention.
UL my
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The results obtained by means of these improved arrangements are as
follows-
The coarse roving receiving during the drawing operation a constant laterally
reciprocating movement, no longer passes continuously at the same place between
The two couples of cylinders, and the wear is distributed over the whole surface of
the rollers instead of cutting a groove therein, as is the case in the machines at
present constructed. The cylinders remain therefore in good condition for an
almost indefinite period. Further the rollers of cast metal covered with leather
which replace the wooden rollers, remain for the same reason always in good
condition.
The drawbacks pointed out herein before are in this way avoided, and there are
. obtained :
1st. An improved manufacture of more regular thread;
2nd. A considerable saving in the expense occasioned by the constant replacement
of the wooden rollers and cylinders;
3rd. A very considerable increase of production, resulting from the fact that the
spindles are no longer stopped in consequence of repairs to the cylinders or of the
, changing of the rollers.
In order to allow of the description being better understood I will now refer
to the accompanying drawing in which
Figures 1 and 2 show in partial front and side elevation respectively a spinning
machine modified conformably with my invention.
The roving-guide-bar A is flat, and made of steel, and rests on the cover of
the bearings of the feed roller. The holes a with which it is pierced, are arranged
in a suitable way to present the rovings to the feed roller at a suitable
inclination.
Longitudinal slots C are formed in the said bar A, and screws b pass through
these slots with their heads pressed against the bar with slight friction, their
shanks serving to guide it and hold it. On the opposite side to the driving
mechanism of the machine, the bar is connected by means of a support R of
V section with a lever L which imparts to it its movement; a slot D allows of the
bar being regulated very accurately as regards its position.
Another bar B intended to support the roving guides or tubes and to carry them
along with it in its rectilinear alternating movement, has several indispensable
peculiarities which must be carefully observed in order to abtain a good working of
the machine. It is of cast iron and round and has grooves or necks g, as shown in
Fig. 4, equal in number to the number of the spindles of the machine; the centre
of each groove is situated in the same vertical plane with the axis of the corre-
sponding spindle. To the right of these intermediate grooves where the ordinary
supports F are little modified, the tube carrying bar B is flattened at 6' as shown
in Fig. 5 to slide on a raised part of the supports in a longitudinal or endwise
direction; this bar B may be adjusted backwards or forwards at right angles to its
eud wise sliding movement by means of a screw V which is screwed into the
support and is freely supported at its head by a cap or cover plate M screwed
on the support F1; this screw has a shoulder resting against the outer face of the
flat part of the bar, and a fixed washer bearing against the rear face of the said
flat part so that by turning the screw inward or outward the aforesaid adjustment
of the bar according to the position of the guide plate p may be effected, and thus
the possibility (necessary) of regulating the tension and the inclination of the sliver,
may be easily conceived. The flat part b' is slotted at to clear the screw V. The
tubes have the form of the ordinary guides. They are shown at i Figs. 4 & 5
and are made of sufficiently strong tinplate, whilst being comparatively easy to
bend and are suspended from the bar B each in a neck or groove g; the sides
must be well shaped parallel to the median line, so that in the upper part which is

page_text: turned over to form a means of suspension they have sufficient lateral support
against the shoulders of the grooves g to be kept straight, whilst being able to turn
easily round the bar. The seatings of the tubes are dispensed with; these tubes
or roving guides are carried slowly along by the bar B and move with their median
lines always normal to the bar, owing to the shoulders of the grooves g.
The bar B holding the tubes or guides i is terminated by a groove in which fits.
a piece O bent twice at a right angle, and connected to the oscillating lever L by
a trunnion allowing all the points of the piece to describe an arc of a circle round
the centre of this trunnion, whilst the latter oscillates with the lever L on the
pivot S. The groove is regulated in such a way that the point of the tube (in-
other words the roving) travels over the greatest possible length of the uncovered.
cast metal drawing roller and of the pressure roller of cast iron coated with:
leather.
I employ pressure rollers of cast metal made in a single piece, as well as pressure
rollers in three parts i.e., rollers made by mounting two cast metal discs or rollers-
proper on a steel shaft, or two wooden discs or rollers proper on another shaft also
of steel; in all these cases the discs or rollers are covered with a band of leather
perfectly held down by adhesive material, and fitting closely to the periphery of
the rim. The width of this band is two millimetres greater than that of the track.
This difference I deem necessary in order to compensate for the play which in
practice inevitably takes place between the ends of the tubes and the shoulders of
the grooves, between the ends of the spindles of the rollers and the back bar-
supports, etcetera. For the drawing rollers I employ cast metal rollers uncovered:
as hitherto.
+
Rollers of cast metal, the rims of which are covered with vulcanized indiarubber-
to a thickness of about 2-5 millimetres may also be employed for the pressure rollers..
before described. The rubber is vulcanized to a suitable extent to give it the
necessary hardness. The spindles of the rollers are of steel and the cast metal discs:
or rollers proper are screwed on these spindles.
I have substituted wooden bearings (Fig. 6) for bronze bearings on the
pushers u of the weighted pressure levers w to carry the pressure rollers of the
drawing rollers, and by this fact I have considerably diminished the wear of
the spindles of these rollers in their median part, and at the same time the power
uselessly expended by the use of bronze bearings; these latter in fact become
hollow very rapidly, and the pressure due to the weight and transmitted by the
lever, instead of being transmitted normally at the point of contact of the pressure-
roller and the drawing roller is lost in the friction of the bearings and the spindle-
of the roller.
The hard wood which I employ (walnut, sycamore or the like) retains much better-
the lubricating oil, and becoming impregnated therewith, it absorbs less power by
friction, and becomes less quickly hollow.
The mechanism operating each bar and which is situated on the opposite side to
the driving mechanism, is arranged in such a way as to allow of its being regulated
as regards its course. Its speed is sufficiently slow not to impede in any way the
drawing operation. I have said that each bar is connected by special pieces to a
common lever pivoting on a fixed point of the frame. This lever receives its.
oscillating movement in the following manner :-
Towards its centre it has a pivot P receiving a roller G which penetrates into a
helicoidal groove of a cylindrical piece F revolving very slowly on its axis (about ***
one revolution in 10 bours). This axis is horizontal. The groove is made in
such a way as to give approximately the desired latitude for the oscillation of the
lever, except that it may be modified a little in case of need at the attachments of:
the bars. This groove is limited by suitable helicoidal surfaces with two demi-.
helices wound in opposite directions and having a similar pitch; a pitch equal to-
the course which is to be described by the centre of the drawing roller.
The feed cylinder is prolonged and terminated by an endless screw H of
8 millimetres pitch; this screw engages with a wheel I of 60 teeth keyed on the

page_text: shaft of a second endless screw J of the same pitch as the first screw H, and this
second screw engages with a wheel K having 70 teeth. This latter wheel is
provided with a rocket on which is keyed the grooved cylinder F. The feed roller
revolving 7 revolutions at an average per minute, the speed of the cylinder is found
to he
, say one revolution per 10 hours of working of the machine, that
is to say one complete oscillation per day for the lever, and one movement out and
home of the roving-guide-bars and carrying tubes.
7 x 10 x 60
60 × 70
Figure 3 shows an alteration of the mechanismn producing the movement of the
tube carrying bar and of the bar guiding the rovings with the object of giving it
less volume, a more elegant appearance, and an arrangement more suitable to the
form of the frame of spinning machines, and at the same time with the object of
forming parts working with less friction. This modification allows in addition of
the courses of the two bars being easily approximately regulated, and of the
mechanism being varied at will according to the separation which the drawing an 1
feed cylinders require for spinning combed or carded wool.
In Figure 3 therefore the feed cylinder F is terminated by an endless screw H,
which actuates, by means of an intermediate wheel P, a pinion Q. The latter is
keyed on the shaft of an endless screw T engaging with a wheel U. On the axis
of this wheel U is a third endless screw X engaging with a wheel Y keyed on a
shaft K K¹. The movement of rotation whose speed has been in this way diminished
is transmitted by two plates Z' Z' forming eccentrics and terminating the shaft KK'
at its two extremities. The plate 7 is attached to the roving guide bar A by
means of a bar n. This latter is connected with the plate by a pin which by means
of a swallow-tailed guide or slide C set in the said plate may be displaced at will
from the centre of the plate according as it is desired to increase or diminish the
travel of the rovings bar. A lever m which connects to the plate Z2 the bar for
guiding the roving tubes B has a fixed pivot I and the displacement produced at
the end a² is increased at a where it is regulated very precisely. In order to
ensure that the bars A & B shall move in the same endwise direction, the points of
connection of the bar n and lever m to the plates Z' Z are set at an angle of 180°
to each other.
All the mechanism producing the movement takes up very little room.
Finally,
if it be desired to increase the distance between the two cylinders E and H, the
support H must be raised up the. support G, and it is easy to raise at the same
time the driving gearing, 1st, by raising its principal support S along the support G;
2nd, by raising the part K¹ of the shaft K K which is in two parts, the part K
remaining fixed, while the part K' slides in the part K.
The various parts are secured in their adjusted position by means of strong bolts
passing through the longitudinal slot in the standard G.
!
Of course the forms and proportions of the constituent parts of this arrangement
of spinning machine may be varied, and any suitable materials may be employed
for their construction without affecting the essential points of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The application to machines for the dry spinning of flax, jute, hemp and other
like textile materials, of improved arrangements enabling a rectilinear alternating
movement to be given to the roving during the whole of the operation of drawing,
whereby the roving is forced to traverse in a given time the whole length of the
grooved parts of the feed rollers as well as all the length of the cast metal drawing
rollers and the leather covered cast metal pressure rollers.
2. In spinning machines of the kind described, the application and use, in
combination with the herein-described arrangements for imparting a rectilinear
alternating movement to the roving of pressure rollers of cast metal coated with
leather or suitable vulcanised indiarubber to replace the wooden rollers formerly

page_text: employed and of wooden bearings to replace the former bronze bearings of the
push rods of the weighted pressure levers, the whole substantially as hereinbefore
described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a spinning machine such as described, the combination of mechanical parts.
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 3 of the
accompanying drawings whereby the mechanism producing the movement of the
tubes carrying bar and of the roving guide bar is transformed so as to give it less.
volume, a more elegant appearance and a more suitable arrangement, and at the
same time cause the parts to work with less friction, enable the travel of the two
bars to be regulated approximately more easily, and allow of the mechanism being
varied at will and according to requirements.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1896.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.