Improvements in Apparatus for "Picking" the Shuttle in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 17th May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for "Picking" the Shuttle in Looms
for Weaving.
We, HENRY HOLDEN, of 13, Alma Street, Blacksmith, MICHAEL HESSON, of 134,
Friargate, Wardrobe Dealer, and CHARLES O'NEILL, of 1, Weston Street, Boiler
Maker, all in Preston, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for "picking" the shuttle or effecting its throw
through the warp shed in a loom designed to dispense with the use of pickers,
picking sticks, picking bands, picking shafts, and attendant mechanism.
We employ behind each shuttle box a rapidly revolving disc mounted on the upper
end of a vertically arranged spindle rotating in bearings fastened to and moving
along with the slay sword. A slot or narrow opening through the back board of
the shuttle box allows the revolving disc to pass partially through and when the
"pick" is to be effected the shuttlo is pressed between the periphery of the revolving
disc on one side and the periphery of a pivotted roller on the other. The pivotted
roller is mounted so that its periphery projects somewhat from that side of a swing
lever or
arm nearest to the shuttle, the lever or arm moving in a horizontal
plane and resting upon the bed-plate of the shuttle box. One end of the swing
lever or arm is fastened to the upper extremity of a shaft or spindle carried near
its upper end in a bearing fastened to the slay and at its lower end in a footstep
fastened to the spring rail. Near the lower end of the shaft or spindle is fastened
thereupon one end of a projecting arm whose outer or free end terminates in a stud
forming the bearing of a friction bowl which by the pull of a spiral spring presses
against a disc having formed upon one of its sides a projecting part in the form of
a double incline or cam the disc being fastened upon the tappet shaft. The position
of the incline or cam is so arranged that as the tappet shaft carries it round the
swing lever or arm above carrying the pivotted roller is caused at the right time to
compress or squeeze the shuttle between the rapidly revolving disc and the roller
whereupon the shuttle is ejected and driven (or "picked") through the shed.
The vertical spindles (one to each shuttle box) which carry the revolving discs
may be rotated or driven by means of toothed or frictional gearing operated in any
convenient manner but we prefer to rotate them as hereinafter described. We fasten
upon each of the disc spindles near to its lower end a pulley (hereinafter termed the
oscillating pulley ") driven by means of a band belt or cord from another pulley
on a horizontal shaft preferably driven from another pulley on the crank shaft of
the loom.
In order that the tension of the band belt or cord may be uniformly maintained
between the oscillating pulley mounted on the vertical spindle (which moves to and
fro with the slay sword in the manner of an inverted pendulous lever) the centre
of the axis or pivot on which the slay sword swings should be opposite to the centre
of the oscillating pulley midway of its length. But when the oscillating pulley and
the slay sword pivot are not so placed we obtain the acquired uniform tension by
employing an intermediate pulley (hereinafter termed the "tension pulley ") placed
between the oscillating pulley and its driving pulley. We mount the tension pulley
on a stud projecting from the side of a sliding block which is caused to move
to and fro in unison with the to and fro movement of the slay sword. An endless
driving band belt or cord is passed from the driving pulley over the oscillating
pulley then back over the tension pulley back again over the oscillating pulley and
returned to the driving pulley. The action of the tension apparatus is as follows:-
As the oscillating pulley is moved towards its driving pulley the tension pulley is

page_text: We
moved in the same direction thereby taking up the otherwise consequent slack
in the driving band and on the return or receding movement of the oscillating
pulley the tension pulley likewise recedes and lets out the slack it had previously
taken up an unitorin tension upon the driving band being thus maintained.
arrange a regulating screw in conjunction with the slide and stud which carry the
tension pulley for adjusting the position of the latter so as to obtain the required
initial tension on the driving band. The oscillating pulley is preferably in a double
form that is to say it has formed upon it two onter or side flanges and a central
intermediate flange for the purpose of keeping separate or apart the two widths
of band belt or cord passing over it as hereinabove described.
Dated this 16th day of July 1889.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for "Picking" the Shuttle in Looms
for Weaving.
We, HENRY HOLDEN, of 13, Alma Street, Blacksmith, MICHAEL HESSON, of
134, Friargate, Wardrobe Dealer, and CHARLES O'NEILL, of 1, Weston Street,
Boiler Maker, all in Preston, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for "picking "the shuttle or effecting its
throw through the warp shed in a loom and is designed to dispense with the use of
pickers, picking sticks, picking bands, picking shafts, and attendant mechanism.
In order that our said invention may be more clearly understood reference is
made to the accompanying drawings of which
Fig. 1 is an end view of parts of a loom shewing our invention applied thereto;
Fig. 2 is a side view and
Fig. 3 a plan view of the parts shewn in end view at Fig. 1; and
Figs. 4; 5 and 6 illustrate alternative modes of driving the rapidly revolving disc
hereinafter referred to.
:
We employ behind each shuttle box (of which only one is shown in the
drawings) a rapidly revolving disc a composed wholly or partially of elastic material
such as india-rubber mounted on the upper end of a vertically arranged spindle b
rotating in bearings c c fastened to and moving in unison with the slay sword S.
A slot or opening through the back board d of the shuttle box allows the revolving
disc a to pass partially through and when the " pick is to be effected the
shuttle is pressed between the periphery of the revolving disc a on one side and the
periphery of a pivotted roller e on the other. The pivotted roller e is mounted so
that its periphery projects somewhat from that side of a swing lover or pivotted arm f
nearest to the shuttle (see Fig. 3), the lever or arm moving in a horizontal plane
and resting upon the bed-plate g of the shuttle box. One end of the swing lever
or arm works or radiates on a pivot and its other end is pressed upon by an
arm projecting from the upper extremity of a shaft or spindle carried near its
upper end in a bearing k fastened to the slay sword and at its lower end in a
footstep fastened to the "spring rail" 1. Near the lower end of the shaft
or spindle may be fastened thereupon one end of a projecting arin m whose
outer or free end terminates in a stud n forming the bearing of a friction bow!
which by the pull of a spiral spring (but preferably of a bent flat spring such
as o) presses against a disc or cam p having formed upon its peripliery a cam
groove the said disc or camp being fast upon the tappet shaft C. In practice
however we prefer to make the projecting arm m separate from the vertical
spindle and to pivot one end of the said arm on a bearing (see Fig. 2)
carried on the spring rail the vertical spindle having a short arm which

page_text: by the pressure of the bent spring o presses against the arm m (see Figs. 2
and 3 and broken lines at Fig. 1) the said arrangement allowing the parts to
accommodate themselves the more readily to the oscillatory movement of the
spring rail
The position of the cam p and its groove is so arranged that as
the tappet shaft C carries it round and moves the art m sidewise the swing lever f
above (carrying the pivotted roller e) is caused at the right time to compress or
squeeze the shuttle between the rapidly revolving disc a and the roller e whereupon
the shuttle is ejected or picked through the shed.
In
The vertical spindles 6 (one to each shuttle box) which carry the revolving dises
may be rotated or driven by means of toothed or frictional gearing operated in
any convenient manner but we prefer to rotate them as hereinafter described.
one arrangement we fasten upon each of the disc spindles near to its lower end a
pulley (hereinafter termed the "oscillating pulley") driven by means of a band
belt or cord (but preferaby by means of a pitch chain from a chain pulley or
" peg wheel" on
a horizontal shaft driven from another pulley on the crank
shaft D of the loom. See Figs. 4 and 5 which illustrate respectively side and
end views of the arrangement).
In order that the tension of the band belt or cord (or pitch chain) may be
uniformly maintained between the oscillating pulley mounted on the vertical
spindle (which moves to and fro with the slay sword in the manner of an
inverted pendulous lever) the centre of the axis or pivot on which the slay sword
swings should be opposite to the centre of the oscillating pulley) see Figs. 1 and 2).
At Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the rotation of the revolving disc spindle is effected
through the medium of a toothed bevel wheel t on the tappet shaft C gearing into a
pinion t fast upon the same vertical shaft as a chain or peg wheel 2 from which
by means of an endless pitch chain the oscillating pulley 2 and shaft bare
driven or rotated.
Another mode of driving the shaft so as to dispense with the bevel gearing
last hereinabove referred to is shewn at Fig in which D is the crank shaft t
a chain or peg wheel, fastened thereupon 3 an endless pitch chain passing
under pulleys or carriers et loosely mounted on fixed studs fastened to the end
framing of the loom.
At Fig. 4 is the ordinary fast pulley for driving the loom and the loose
pulley a chain or peg wheel 2 heing fastened to and rotating with the said loose
pulley. It will be observed that the fast pulley is somewhat narrower across
the face than the loose pulley »'. With this arrangement we employ a driving
belt of greater width than the face of the fast pulley in such manner that when on the
fast pulley and driving the loom it will also be partially on the loose pulley and
thus drive or rotate the peg wheel. When the belt is moved bodily on to the
loose pulley and the loom stops the peg wheel will continue to be rotated-
this arrangement providing for the maximum speed of rotation of the revolving disc
and its consequent effective ejecting or picking power being continuous or
uniform irrespective of the varying speed of the loom during the starting and
stopping operations. The lower shaft carries the chain wheel z from which the
oscillating pulley receives its rotation the said shaft being carried through to
the other end of the loom and carrying another similar chain wheel c to drive the
revolving disc of the opposite shuttle box. The same result that is to say the
continued rotation of the revolving disc at its full speed when the loom is stopped
may obviously be effected by means of clutch mechanism one part of which is upon
a loose pulley and peg wheel as above described and the other part sliding on a
key or groove on the crank shaft. Or the revolving disc may be driven continuously
by means of independent driving mechanism separate from the loom itself.
In practice we find that the revolving disc acts most effectively in throwing or
effecting the pick of the shuttle if rotated at a surface speed of about 2000 feet per
minute.
Any of the buffer or check strap arrangements usually employed in connection
with loom shuttle box apparatus may be used in conjunction with our said invention.

page_text: The back board d (see Fig. 3) through which the revolving disc passes is prefer-
ably hinged and provided with a back spring d' so as to answer as the "swell."
We prefer in all cases to arrange the oscillating pulley 9 opposite the centre or
axis of the pivot on which the slay sword S swings and thus to dispense with the use
of the sliding block and compensating tension apparatus referred to in the latter
part of our Provisional Specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed wo declare that what we claim is :-
In looms for weaving the use or employment of a revolving disc and a pivotted
roller and apparatus for causing the shuttle to be compressed or squeezed between
the said revolving disc and pivotted roller and thereby to be ejected or picked from
the shuttle box substantially as hereinabove described and shewn in the drawings.
Dated this 16th day of April 1890.
W. LLUID WISE.
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.