Improvements in Ribbon Looms.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd June, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ribbon Looms.
I ALBIN ROSCHER of Chemnitz Saxony Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In weaving ribbons and smallwares it is of importance to be able to produce
goods having striped effects of various kinds and in the looms used for such fabrics
there is required a considerable number of shafts which require treading according
to the pattern to be produced.
My said invention relates to the construction and arrangement of those parts of,
a ribbon loom which effect the treading of the said shafts.
in
Referring to the accompanying drawings illustrating a ribbon loom constructed
accordance with my said invention
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation.
Fig. 2 shows the driving mechanism of the loom.
Figs. 3, 4, and 5 illustrate details to be hereinafter referred to.
Fig. 6 is a front elevation partly in section through the tappet plates.
Rotating freely on a fixed shaft A (mounted in such a manner that it can be
readily withdrawn and replaced) are two or more bushes B B2 B3 B₁ secured
against lateral displacement by adjustable collars CC₁. The bushes are independent
of each other and can all be driven at any different speeds by means of worm
wheels D1 D2 D3 D4 (Figs. 1 and 6) of different diameters secured on the bushes
and deriving motion from the worms E E E E which all rotate at the same
speed. To obviate the need for small worm wheels I prefer to form the worms,
with three threads. The worm's rotate once for each pick or passage of the
shuttles.
By way of example I have shown in the drawings a loom having 20 shafts and a
like number of tappet plates are so distributed on the four bushes B B² B³ Bas
that each bush carries 5 tappet plates. To each tappet plate there is a corresponding
treading lever but to avoid unnecessary complication in the drawings only the end
ones are shown at gg Figs. I and 6. Each treading lever operates one of the
shafts H through each of which (in the loom shown as an example) passes the
warp for three ribbons. Each shaft has a prolongation arranged in alternate order
as shown in the diagram at Figs. 3 and 4 carrying a stud or bolt to receive the
treading lever as shown in Fig. 5 which represents a plan of the treading levers
and their attachments to the shafts as seen from underneath. The arms of the
treading levers are so proportioned that the back shaft H Fig. 1 is raised higher
than the front shaft H with an equal depression of the end of the treading lever
bearing against the tappet plate and as is well understood the lengths of inter-
mediate treading levers are so proportioned that a gradually increasing lift is
obtained from front to back.
The rate at which the tappet plates rotate is determined by the number of teeth
in the worm wheels and this may be varied at will to suit the pattern to be woven.
For example if the worm wheel D' (Fig. 6) has 48 teeth its rotation and that of
the bush B3 and of the tappet plates mounted thereon will correspond to a pattern
having 16 picks in the round. If the worm wheel D' has 54 teeth the
rotation of the tappet plates on the bush 13 will be suitable to a pattern of 18 picks
in the round. The worm wheels D³ and D' may be provided with such a number
of teeth that the tappet plates on the bushes B and B may rotate once while
21 and 24 picks are respectively made. The small circles on the tappet plate F.
(Fig. 1) indicate the successive parts of the tappet plate on the bush B¹ which
come into contact with the treading lever at each pick when weaving a pattern of

page_text: 16 picks in the round and the shaft will be up or down according to the contour of
the tappet plate at the place corresponding to the time the shuttle passes and when
the tappet has gone once round the treading of the shafts will be repeated in a like
manner. The tappet plates on the bush B B³ B will in a similar manner repeat
their effect after 18, 21 or 24 picks have been made.
The tappet plates on each bush thus produce a different pattern and the greater
the number of the bushes on the shaft A the greater is the variety of patterns or
stripes which may be produced in the ribbon." I also provide means for rotating
two or more of the bushes at the same speed. For this purpose corresponding.
worm wheels are put on the bushes and to allow of the adjustment of the worms
to worm wheels of different sizes the upper bearing e (Fig. 6) of the worm
shafts E E E E is formed in a bracket e swinging about the centre of the
shaft L from which the worm shafts are driven while the bottom bearing e¹ (Fig..1)
is formed in a sliding bracket d² capable of adjustment for the purpose of bringing,
the worm into gear with its worm wheel.
I
As hereinbefore mentioned the shaft A. is so mounted that it can be readily..
removed to enable the tappet plates to be changed and in cases where a still greater..
number of shafts are necessary two or more similar shafts may be arranged parallel.
to each other.
The driving and other mechanism of the loom is arranged in the following
manner-On the main driving shaft a Figs. 1 and 2 (provided with stepped' cone.
pullies a and a flywheel a²) is a friction coupling a3 and a the driven portion of..
which is grooved to receive an endless cord through which motion is imparted to
the pulley having a toothed wheel formed on or attached to it. The toothed
wheel gears into the toothed wheels. and and through them drives, the
shafts Land J. The relative sizes of these toothed wheels are so proportioned
that the shafts Land J both rotate once while two picks are made.. A. cam, f
on the shaft imparts through the lever f' a reciprocating motion to the'
shuttles 2.
A bevel wheel e¹ on the shaft J driving a smaller bevel pinion e² at the. left hand.
causes the cam g to rotate at twice the speed of the shaft J and thus drives the
reed at the proper speed. Through another bevel pinion at the right.hand the
bevel wheel also drives the taking up motion through the excentric or cam i
(Figs. 1 and 6) against the. periphery of which bears a roller on the end of the
lever & carrying a pawl which takes into the ratchet wheel k.
Rotating with the ratchet wheel is a worm k³ gearing into a worm wheel k²
mounted on the shaft of the bottom taking up roller
The shaft Lacting through the bevel gearing 2 (Fig. 6) drives the worm
shafts E E E E from which the bushes and tappet plates on the shaft A derive
their motion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-!
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
f
In looms for weaving ribbons and the like the use combination and arrangement
of a fixed shaft having thereon two or more loose bushes carrying the tappet plates
with means for rotating the bushes at different speeds with respect to each other
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.
Dated this Second day of June 1891.
EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.