IM- PROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Janies Naylor, of Hulme, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Surveyor, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LAMPS."
Scaled the 30th November 1853, and dated the 16th July 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Naylor
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 16th July 1853.
I, JAMES NAYLOR, of Hulme, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS" to be as follows:-
My improvements in lamps applicable for illuminating streets, roads,
and other places by gas, consist in the application of an inverted conical
or egg-shaped circular glass, having at each end a suitable opening for
the admission of the gas pipe, air, and for ventilation, the smaller end
being placed at the bottom or round the light, and supported by suit-
able brackets on the pillar or stand; around the external diameter of
this end of the glass there is a ring of leather or other suitable material
to prevent fracture when kept in its place by means of a screw or other

page_text: contrivance; there is also a fine wire or other metallic gauze in the
opening for the admission of air, and for preventing the light from being
extinguished. Around the opening at the top or larger end of the
glass there is a ring, to which is attached a cover having openings for
the purpose of ventilation, and which can be readily removed to
facilitate the operation of cleaning and lighting.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Naylor in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 16th January 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JAMES NAYLOR, of Huline, near Manchester, in, the County of Lancas-
ter, Surveyor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said James Naylor, Her special licence that I,
the said James Naylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said James Naylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed.
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Naylor, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters. Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Naylor, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in' and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings:
.
My improveinents in lainps applicable for illuminating streets, roads,
and other places by gas, consist in the application of an inverted
conical pear or egg shaped circular glass, having at each end a suitable
opening for the ailinission of the gas pipe, air, and for ventilation. In
oriler that-the sanic may be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the Drawings accompanying this -my Specification. Fig.1, is a ver-
tical section of my improved lamp; Fig. 2, a sectional plan view of
the lower end of the glass; shewing the wire guaze and opening for gas
pipe. a, is-the invented "egg" or "pear shaped circular glass; the
lower end being slightly flanged, rests upon and is held by means of
the adjustable screw b, in the arms of the bracket or stand c, which
may be attached to the ordinary stand or, pillar in any convenient
manner., is the wire gauze for the admission of sufficient air into the
interior of the glass, around the lower rim of which there is a ring e, of
leather or other suitable material to prevent fracture when held by the
screw aforesaid; the ring e, is kept in its place by the flange before
mentioned. The gas burner and tube are shewn by the dotted lines f.
Around the internal diameter of the opening at the end of the glass
there is a metallic ring g, between which and the glass a space h, is left
to be filled up with putty or any suitable cement to cause their adhe-
sion; on the ring g, there are projections to lay hold of the catches i,
attached to the cover j, by which means the said cover is held in its
place, but can be readily removed to facilitate the operation of cleaning
the glass; this cover is formed in two or more parts, leaving a space h,
between the external diameter of one part and the internal diameter of
the other part for the passage of the heated or rarified air arising from
the combustion of the gas; the two or other parts of the cover may be
connected by pieces 1. Figures 3, and 4, are vertical sectional views,
shewing a modification of my improvements for fixing the lower end of
the glass, part of which is shewn at a, having around it a metallic
ring e, between which and the glass a space q, is to be filled with puttey
or any other adhesive cement; to fix the same upon the aforesaid ring e*,
there are notches or projections n, which take into corresponding slots

page_text: or openings o, on the ring p, attached to the stand or brackets c, and
which are shown by the dotted lines. It will be evident, from the
smallest end of the conical egg or "pear" shaped circular glass being
placed around the light, that any accumulation of moisture in the
interior of the same will be prevented; and also that the cold air being
admitted through the wire gauze above mentioned will cause the heated
or rarified air to ascend and escape in the direction shewn by the
arrows, thereby preventing the accumulation of smoke to obstruct the
light.
Having now ascertained the nature of my Invention, and the man-
ner in which it is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I do
not intend to confine myself to the particular parts shewn and above-
described in connection with the glass aforesaid, for it will be evident
that other arrangements may be substituted; but I desire it to be
understood that I claim as secured to me by the above in part recited
Letters Patent the use or application of the inverted "pear," ",
cgg,
or conical shaped circular glass above described for the purposes above
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Naylor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January, One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-four.
JAMES NAYLOK. (L.S.)