Improvements in and relating to Valves, such as Stop Valves, Check Valves, Reducing Valves, Valves for Steam Trans, Mixing Valves, Regulating Valves, and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 27th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 18th Mar., 1899
PROVISIONAL DI TUITION
Improvements in and relating to Valves, such as Stop Valves, Check
Valves, Reducing Valves, Valves for Steam Trans, Mixing Valves,
Regulating Valves, and the like.
I, CHARLES ROLAND HONIBALL, of 161, Fountains Road, Kirkdale, Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
may
This invention relates to valves such as stop valves, feed check valves, reducing
valves, valves for steam traps, mixing valves, regulating valves and the like,
and the object is to so construct the valve that the pressure of the fluid whose
passage the valve has to control may be caused, by variation of pres-
sure in an intermediate chamber, to open or close the valve as
be desired, or to automatically close the valve when the pressure at the out-
let falls below predetermined limits; and a further object of the invention is to
provide valves, so constructed, with means for so controlling the pressure in the
said intermediate chamber as to render the action of the valve automatic, and
adapt it for use as a reducing valve, feed check valve, or the like.
I will first describe one of the simpler forms of the valve adapted for use, say,
as a stop valve.
The valve, which I will assume to be of the disc type, is adapted to cover two
ports or passages which are connected respectively to the inlet and the outlet.
The valve is placed in a chamber, which when the valve is open is intermediate
between the inlet and outlet ports, but which chamber is also connected, by a
by-pass pipe or passage controlled by a cock or valve, to the outlet. Assuming
the valve to be above the two ports, it will be seen that it is pressed up by the
sum of the inlet and outlet port pressures, and that if the two ports are of equal
area, the total upward pressure in pounds equals the effective area of the two
ports in square inches multiplied by one half the sum of the inlet and outlet
pressures in pounds per square inch, and that the downward pressure is equal
to the product of the same area into the pressure in the intermediate chamber,
plus the weight of the valve. If the total downward pressure be less than the
total upward pressure the valve will, of course, open, but if the by-pass valve be
closed I find that the pressure in the intermediate chamber almost instantly
rises when the valve opens to such an amount as to at once close the valve which
remains closed as long as the said pressure continues in the intermediate chamber.
If however the by-pass valve be opened the pressure will at once fall in the inter-
mediate chamber and the valve will open again, and the amount by which it
opens will be determined by the amount of opening of the by-pass valve; thus the
main valve, which may be of considerable size, can be operated and the amount of
opening, and therefore the outlet pressure, can be regulated by a small by-pass
valve which if desired can be some distance away from the main valve.
When the valve is to be used as a reducing valve the by-pass valve is fitted with
a spring which opens it and the spring is so regulated as to give the desired
outlet or reduced pressure; should this pressure or the inlet or boiler pressure

page_text: fall the valve will open to a greater extent, and should either of these pressures
rise the valve will partially close.
In some cases, in reducing valves, I prefer to fit the spring directly on the
main valve and use the by-pass valve merely to open or close the main valve,
the spring being either in the intermediate chamber or outside the valve, as
the case may be.
When the valve is fitted as a feed check valve it may be. so arranged that
when the pressure on the outlet side exceeds a predetermined limit the pressure
in the intermediate chamber (which communicates with the outlet by the by-pass)
rises sufficiently to cause the valve to close. Where the valve is to close when
say, a certain level of water is reached, the by-pass valve may be operated by a
float so as to close when this level is reached, in which case the main valve
will also close at the same time. The latter arrangement is of considerable value
because the by-pass valve may be fixed near the water level, inside the boiler if
desired, whilst the main valve may be fitted in its usual position. In some cases
the valve may be arranged to control the supply of steam to the pump feeding
the boiler.
In the case of steam traps the action is similar to that last described except
of course that the valve is now arranged to close as the water level falls; or
expansion bars may be used in the case of steam traps to operate the by-pass
valve.
In the case of valves for mixing fluids, say a valve adapted to heat feed water
by mixing steam with the feed as it passes the valve, I provide an additional
port to admit the steam which mingles with the water as the latter passes the
valve, or the additional port may serve to admit water to mix with the steam
which passes the valve.
When very large valves have to be operated, especially from a distance, I may
arrange a series of valves so arranged that the movement of a very small by-pass
valve in the first instance, may by the operation of successive valves, increasing
in size, finally operate a very large valve, each preceding valve acting as a by-
pass to the succeeding valve.
The ports may be arranged annularly, or where there are only two they may
be semicircular and separated by a diametral bar, in which case as the areas are
equal the course of the fluid may be made reversible.
The valve itself may be discoidal as described or in the case of annular ports
it may be of conical configuration; the specific shape of the valve, however, and
the mode of guiding it may be modified as circumstances dictate. For instance,
in some cases, say where the valve is controlled by a spring, it is desirable that
the valve shall have considerable lift between certain limits of balancing
pressures, and in such cases I may so construct the valve that the additional open-
ing given when the valve lifts may be considerably less than would be the case
with an ordinary valve.
It will be seen that the valve is applicable to any case in which it is desired
to open or close the valve by a small expenditure of energy, or in which the
valve shall close automatically when the outlet pressure suddenly falls as for
instance when a pipe bursts, or in which it is desired to control the valve in
accordance with differences of pressure, height of water level or the like varying
quantities.
In some cases I make the part of the valve which covers one of the ports
separate from the part which covers the other port or ports so that the one part
may lift relatively to the other and thus permit the opening of one port or set
of ports before the other.
T
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คน
1000
Dated this 24th day of March 1808.
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26, Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Valves, such as Stop Valves, Check
Valves, Reducing Valves, Valves for Steam Traps, Mixing Valves.
Regulating Valves, and the like.
I, CHARLES ROLAND HONIBALL, of 161, Fountains Road, Kirkdale, Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
as
may
This invention relates to valves such as stop valves, feed check valves, reducing
valves, valves for steam traps, mixing valves, regulating valves and the like,
and the object is to so construct the valve that the pressure of the fluid whose
passage the valve has to control may be caused, by variation of pres-
sure in an intermediate chamber
to open
or close the valve
be desired, or to automatically close the valve when the pressure at the out-
let falls below a predetermined limit; and a further object of the invention is to
provide valves, so constructed, with means for so controlling the pressure in the
said intermediate chamber as to render the action of the valve automatic, and
adapt it for use as a reducing valve, feed check valve, or the like.
I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings in which
Figs. I and II show the valve in its simplest form; Fig. III shows the application
to a reducing valve; Fig. IV is a modification of Fig. III for a special purpose;
Figs. V and VI show the application to a feed water regulating or check valve
and a steam trap,, respectively; Figs. VII and VIII illustrate mixing valves;
Fig. IX shows a construction suitable for valves of large size; and Figs. X, XI,
XII and XIII illustrate certain modifications in detail. In each case the views of
the valve are elevations in medial section, and throughout the drawings the same
and similar parts are indicated by the same reference figures.
Referring in the first instance to Fig. 1-1 is the inlet branch, 2 is the
outlet branch, 3 is the valve proper, and 4 is the by-pass or controlling cock.
In this arrangement the valve 3 is in the form of a flat disc, and fits fluid-tight
over the annular inlet and central outlet ports; the valve is guided by the
central stem 5 which fits freely in a bored recess in the cover, and it may in
addition be provided with wings as shown. The valve fits with sufficient freedom
in the chamber 6 to allow a slight leakage into the space above the valve, and
the chamber 6, which will be referred to as the intermediate chamber, communi-
cates by means of a cock 4 with the outlet.
It will be seen that the valve is urged upwards by the inlet and outlet pres-
sures acting upon their respective port areas, and downwards by the pressure
in the chamber 6, above the valve, acting upon the whole of its upper surface,
and also by its own weight. I have found that if the inlet and outlet ports
are of equal area, and the valve be off its seating, the controlling cock 4 being
closed, the pressure in the chamber 6 above the valve is very approximately
equal to the mean of the inlet and outlet pressures under these circumstances
the valve will not remain open, and the function of the cock 4 is to provide an
outlet for the steam which leaks past the valve into the chamber 6, and so vary
the pressure in the chamber and control the valve; it will therefore be seen that
the invention can be applied to a variety of purposes depending upon the manner
in which the cock 4 is controlled.
In Fig. I the cock 4 is intended to be controlled by hand, the arrangement
illustrated forming a stop valve, the valve 3 being opened or shut by simply
opening or shutting the cock 4; the discharge from the controlling cock may
be delivered to the atmosphere, or to the condenser or hot-well, by the pipe 7, or

page_text: through the passage 8, as a by-pass, to the outlet passage 2. As a stop valve the
arrangement possesses several advantages; very little effort is required to operate
the main valve; it may be operated from any convenient position and at a con-
siderable distance from the main valve the controlling cock being connected
therewith by a small pipe or pipes; and the arrangement acts as a safety device
in event of the bursting of the pipe or vessel connected to the outlet 2, as the
sudden fall of pressure therein would destroy the equilibrium, and the valve
instantly close in virtue of the pressure above it, which can only fall slowly.
In Fig. II the construction is substantially similar to that already described,
but the inlet and outlet ports are arranged side by side, separated by the mid-
feather 9, instead of being concentric as in Fig. I. Owing to its symmetrical
form, either branch may be used as the inlet.
Fig. III shows my invention arranged as a reducing valve; the controlling
valve 4 delivers as a by-pass into the outlet 2, and it is controlled by the plunger 10
which passes through the stuffing box shown and is adjustably loaded by the
spring 11.
The action is as follows:-
-
Suppose that both the main valve and the controlling valve are open and that
steam is entering by the inlet branch 1 and issuing at reduced pressure by the
outlet branch 2, the pressure above the valve being intermediate to these pres-
sures. The controlling valve is urged down by the pressure in the chamber 6
and it is urged up by the outlet pressure below it, and by the plunger 10, the
plunger being itself urged up by the spring 11 and down by the outlet pressure
on its upper surface. If now the outlet pressure should rise, the pressure above
the plunger 10 will increase and lower it, and the controlling valve will follow
it, as its area is less than that of the plunger; thus the pressure in the chamber 6
will rise and the valve 3 be forced down, so diminishing the outlet pressure.
The converse will hold if the outlet pressure should fall, and thus the outlet
pressure is determined by the adjustment of the compression of the spring 11.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. IV which is a modification of the reducing
valve shown in Fig. III, the spring is applied directly to the controlling valve
and the plunger is dispensed with; the spindle of the controlling valve is guided
below in the cap 12 and abuts against the adjusting screw 13 which is normally
set so as to prevent the controlling valve from actually closing. This arrange-
ment is chiefly intended for use in connection with a steam winch or the like
under the following circumstances: it is found desirable, in working a steam
winch to keep it continuously running, so that it runs light when not actually
hoisting. The inlet 1 is connected, to the boiler and the outlet 2 to the winch,
and the action! is as follows:-
When the winch is unloaded, steam of very low pressure only is required to
keep it running.
Under these circumstances, the outlet pressure (and therefore the pressure below
the controlling valve tending to open it) being low, the controlling valve is forced
down to the lowest position permitted by the screw 13, giving a very small outlet
from the chamber 6, so that the pressure therein is relatively high and the main
valve 3 is forced down so as to leave only a small thoroughfare for the outlet
steam. When the load is thrown on the winch, it suddenly slows somewhat, so
that the pressure of steam in the outlet branch 2 rises, and as a result, the
controlling valve is forced up, giving a freer outlet to the chamber 6 and allow-
ing the main valve to rise and so give a larger passage to the outlet. When the
load is again taken off the winch, the pressure of the outlet steam will suddenly
fall, the controlling valve will fall against its stop and the main valve will be
forced down so as to only pass a correspondingly reduced supply of steam to
the winch. In this way, the device automatically adjusts the steam supply to
the requirements of the winch, and dispenses with the necessity of adjusting the
supply by hand.
In Figs. III and IV the main valve is under the control of a spindle 3¹, operated

page_text: by a hand wheel, and provided with an enlarged end as shown, so that the main
valve may be opened, or closed, and maintained either open or closed indepen-
dently of the operation of the controlling valve.
When the valve is fitted as a feed check valve it may be so arranged that when
the pressure on the outlet side exceeds a predetermined limit the pressure in
the intermediate chamber rises sufficiently to cause the valve to close.
valve.
The arrangement shown in Fig. V constitutes a feed water regulating or check
14 is, say, an evaporator or the like and 15 is the normal water level
therein; the feed water enters by the inlet branch 1, passes the main valve 3,
and proceeds by the outlet branch 2 to the evaporator 14, and the controlling
valve 4 delivers to the same place, so that it forms, as before, a by-pass to the
outlet branch. The controlling valve is controlled by the float lever 16, and it
is clear from what has already been said that the supply of feed water will be
automatically controlled so as to maintain a practically constant water level.
This last described arrangement has considerable advantages, the controlling
valve may be fitted near the water level to be controlled inside the vessel if
desired whilst the main valve may be fitted in its usual position. In some cases
the main valve may be arranged to control the supply of steam to the pump which
delivers the water.
The arrangement shown in Fig. VI illustrates the application of my invention
to a steam trap; this form is practically similar to Fig. V with the exception that
matters are now so arranged that as the float falls the controlling valve closes.
17 is the casing into which the wet steam passes by means of the inlet 18; the
interior of the casing communicates with the inlet 1 of the main valve 3, so
that when there is water in the casing the float rises and the controlling valve 4
opens, the main valve 3 then opens and the water from the casing passes away
through the outlet 2; when the level of water falls sufficiently the controlling
valve closes, whereupon the main valve closes and so prevents any further dis-
charge.
Fig. VII illustrates a mixing valve adapted for use, say, when it is required
to heat feed water by mixing steam with the feed as it passes the valve.
I provide an additional inlet, 1", through which steam is admitted which mixes
with the water entering at 1, the mixed stream passing away by the outlet 2,
or, of course, water may be admitted at 1ª, which mixes with the steam admitted
at 1. The control is effected in a manner similar to that already described.
In Fig. VIII I have illustrated a valve similar to Fig. VII except that the
large
ports in Fig. VIII are concentric and the arrangement more suitable for a
valve; as before 1 is the inlet, 1" the additional inlet, 2 the outlet, 3 the valve,
and 4 the controlling valve.
In Fig. IX is shown what may be termed a "relay" arrangement in which a
large main valve 3 is controlled by a comparatively very small controlling valve 4.
As before, 1 is the inlet branch and 2 the outlet branch and 6 the intermediate
chamber. The discharge from the chamber 6 is controlled by the valve 3ª, of the
same type as 3, and the discharge from its chamber 6 is in turn controlled by
the controlling valve 4. No special means are shown for controlling the valve 4,
as it is to be understood that the arrangement shown in Fig. IX is only a varia-
tion that may be adopted in the case of any of the previous arrangements when
used on a large scale, and any of the previous methods of controlling the valve 4
may therefore be used.
In some cases I find the automatic action of the valve is more sensitive than
is required, and in Fig. X I have illustrated a modification in which the main
valve 3 is made in two parts, an outer part 3b, which covers the inlet port and
an inner part 3° which covers the outlet port, and it will be seen that in this
construction any, vibration, set up by small and rapid fluctuations of pressure,
affects only the one part of the valve; the movement of the one part relatively
to the other is, however, limited, so that when the difference of pressure reaches
a steady predetermined limit, the combined valve acts as already described.

page_text: In Fig. XI the valve is fitted with depending vee shaped pieces 3d, which, as
the valve lifts, give a gradually increasing area of flow between the inlet and
the outlet, so that a greater lift is required in a valve of this type, to give the
maximum area of flow, than is required in the case of an ordinary valve.
Figs. XII and XIII illustrate the mode in which the same result is achieved
in the case of a valve of the type illustrated in Fig. II; the depending part 3°
of the valve 3 bears against the mid feather 9, and is provided with triangular
openings which, as the valve lifts, determine the area of flow from inlet to outlet.
Inasmuch as the opening and closing of a valve such as 3 is controlled by.
the pressure in the chamber 6, it may be arranged as a safety or escape valve by
applying a spring or other load to the controlling valve 4 tending to close it, and
arranging this latter valve in relation to the boiler pressure so that when the
latter reaches the proper limit it opens the valve 4 in opposition to its load, so
affording an escape from the chamber 6, preferably to the atmosphere, and
causing the valve 3 to open.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve,
substantially as described in reference to Fig. I.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve,
substantially as described in reference to Fig. II.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve, sub-
stantially as described in reference to Fig. III.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve,
substantially as described in reference to Fig. IV.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve, sub-
stantially as described in reference to Fig. V.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve,
substantially as described in reference to Fig. VI.
7. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve, sub-
stantially as described in reference to Fig. VII.
8. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve, sub-
stantially as described in reference to Fig. VIII.
9. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved valve, sub-
stantially as described in reference to Fig. IX.
10. In combination with valves of the kind herein described, the modified cou-
struction of the valve proper, substantially as described and illustrated in Fig. X.
11. In combination with valves of the kind herein described, the device to give
increased lift substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. XI, XII and XIII.
Dated BOIS 4431 OBV
Decembe
Dream DEI
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
34, Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.
10
AHU U SLUT DOTE