IMPROVEMENTS IN AIRING GUSSETS, CLOTHES, HATS, SWADDLING-CLOTHS, BEDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Sachs, of the Firm of A. Sachs, of Berlin, Prussia,
German Empire, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AIRING GUSSETS,
CLOTHES, HATS, SWADDLING-CLOTHS, BEDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Sachs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1881.
WILLIAM SACHS, of the Firm of A. Sachs, of Berlin, Prussia, German Empire.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AIRING GUSSETS, CLOTHES, HATS, SWADDLING-CLOTHS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
My Invention relates to a combination of an impermeable or water-proof fabric
or material, such as india-rubber, oil-cloth, wax-cloth, or similar material with a
permeable or absorbing fabric or material, such as flannel or felt, for the purpose
of preventing cloths, hats, swaddling-cloths, beds, and other articles to be spoiled
by perspiration and moisture. The waterproof material is provided with little
holes of any suitable shape to permit the perspiration or moisture and also the
atmospheric air to penetrate. The impermeable material serves to preserve the
fabric of the cloths or articles from the moisture, while the permeable material
absorbs it, and is dried by the penetrating air.
This combination may be usefully applied for various purposes, as before
mentioned. I preferably employ the same in gussets, which used to be sewn into
the arm-hole of a coat or dress to prevent it being spoiled by the perspiration of
this part of the body.
The gussets usually employed consist of an impermeable material, while instead
of counteracting the perspiration, excites the same by shutting off the air. The
moisture or condensed perspiration is precipitated in a liquid state upon the inner
surface of the gusset, where it cools in a most disagreeable and unwholesome
manner, severe colds and diseases being occasioned by such impermeable gussets.
The improved gusset according to my Invention consists of an inside and an
outside gusset, the former being made of flannel or a suitable absorbing fabric, the
outside gusset being water-proof, but perforated by little holes. Through the

page_text: said holes the atmospheric air enters into the arm hole and counteracts the
perspiration. At the same time the fluid drops of sweat, which may occur, are
absorbed through the holes and dried away in the flannel. By this means the coat
or dress is effectively preserved from being spoiled and the sweat is considerably
reduced. The two halves of the gusset may also be arranged in a manner that
the permeable flannel gusset is put outside and the water-proof perforated gusset
inside; or the latter may also be lined on both sides with the flannel or fabric.
.The effect is the same by the airing of the arm hole effected through the per-
forations, but little fluid drops of perspiration are produced, and those are absorbed
by the flannel and dried away there by the admittance of air. These gussets
therefore are of considerable sanitary utility. The two or three parts of the gusset
so combined are united in the fold by a suitable glue or any other means.
In water-proof rain-cloths or coats and dresses of impermeable material the
application of a perforated water-proof gusset may be omitted; the cloak or coat
instead is simply perforated in the arm hole and a flannel gusset attached inside,
thus forming the combination which is the object of this Invention.
Another useful application of the described combination may be used in hats;
the lining of the hats which surrounds the head and is exposed to the sweat and
oil is perforated by little holes, as described. Inside the lining a permeable
absorbing fabric, flannel, or the like is laid in round about, and between this and
the outside material of the hat another impermeable lining without holes is
arranged to preserve the hat from being penetrated and spoiled by the sweat
and oil.
My said Invention may also be usefully applied for preserving beds from
moisture. In a bed (especially in a child's bed), in a swaddling-cloth or the like,
a flannel cloth is spread between two pieces of an impermeable material, such as
rubber or oil cloth. The upper couch of the water-proof cover is perforated by
little holes, and the moisture is absorbed by the inside flannel, where it is retained.
The upper and lower waterproof couch are united at the corners or sides by buttons
or ties to permit the flannel to be readily exchanged.
By this means the bed is kept dry and prevented from being spoiled, the child
is preserved from lying in a splash, and the disagreeable and unwholesome vapours
are retained between the two waterproof covers.
In all these and similar cases my Invention is of great utility and of sanitary
importance.

page_text: "
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Sachs in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
September 1881.
WILLIAM SACHS, of the Firm of A. Sachs, of Berlin, Prussia, German Empire,
IMPROVEMENTS IN AIRING GUSSETS, CLOTHES, HATS, SWADDLING CLOTHS, BEDS,
AND. OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
My Invention relates to a combination of an impermeable or water-proof fabric
or material, such as india-rubber, oil-cloth, wax-cloth, or similar kinds, with a
permeable or absorbing fabric or material, such as flannel, felt, and the like, for the
purpose of preventing clothes, hats, beds, swaddling cloths, and other articles with.
which the said combination may be applied to be spoiled by perspiration and
moisture. The water-proof material is provided with little holes of any suitable.
shape to permit the perspiration or moisture, and also the atmospheric air to
penetrate. The impermeable material serves to preserve the fabric of the clothes
and other articles from the moisture, while the permeable material absorbs it and
helps to dry it away together with the atmospheric air which enters through the
perforations.
This combination may be usefully applied for various purposes, as before
mentioned. I preferably employ the same in gussets, which used to be sewn into
the arm-holes of a coat or dress to prevent it being spoiled by the perspiration of
the body abundant in this place. The gussets usually employed consist of an
impermeable material, which instead of counteracting the perspiration, excites the.
same by shutting of the air; the moisture or condensed perspiration is precipitated.
in liquid state upon the inner surface of the gusset, where it cools the skin in a
most disagreeable and unwholesome manner; many a severe cold and disease is
occasioned by such impermeable gussets.
The gusset of my Invention is shown in the Drawings, Fig. 1 being a side view ;
Fig. 1a, a vertical section; Fig. 1b, an end view; Fig. 1c, a plan of the same. It
consists of an inside gusset B and an outside gusset A, the former being made of.
flannel or a suitable absorbing fabric, the outside gusset A being water-proof, but
perforated by little holes a. Through the said holes a the atmospheric air enters
into the arm hole and counteracts the perspiration. At the same time the fluid
drops of sweat which may occur are absorbed through the holes a and dried away
in the flannel B. By this means the coat or dress is effectively preserved from
being spoiled and the sweat is considerably reduced by airing.
The two halves A, B, of the gusset may also be arranged in a manner that the
permeable flannel-gusset B is put outside and the water-proof perforated gusset A
inside; or the latter may also be lined on both sides with the flannel or fabric B.
The effect will be the same in these modifications by the airing of the arm-hole
effected through the perforations a, but little fluid drops of perspiration are
produced, and the few ones are absorbed by the flannel B and dried away there
by the admittance of air. The gussets therefore are of considerable sanitary utility.
The two or three parts of the so combined gusset are united in the fold by a
suitable glue or other convenient means.
In water-proof rain-cloaks or coats and dresses of impermeable material, the
application of a perforated water-proof gusset A may be omitted, the cloak or coat
instead is simply perforated in the arm-hole, and a flannel-gusset attached inside,
which together with the perforated cloak forms the combination which is the
object of my Invention.
Another useful application of the described combination may be employed in
hats. The lining of the hat which surrounds the head, and is exposed to the sweat

page_text: and oil, is perforated by little holes, as described. Inside the lining a permeable
absorbing fabric, flannel, or the like, is laid in round about, and between this and
the outside material of the hat another impermeable lining, without holes, is
arranged to preserve the hat and prevent it being penetrated and spoiled by the
sweat and oil.
"
My said Invention may as well be usefully applied for preserving beds of the
moisture. In a bed, especially in a child's bed, a swaddling-cloth or the like, as
shown in Fig. 2 and 2a in plan and horizontal section, a flannel cloth B is spread
between the pieces A, A, of an impermeable material, rubber, or oil-cloth, or the
like. The upper couch of the waterproof cover A is perforated by little boles a,
and the moisture is absorbed by the inside flannel B where it is retained. The
upper and lower waterproof couches A, A, are united at the corners, or ends, or
sides by buttons. or ties D to permit the flannel to be readily exchanged. By
this means the bed is kept dry and prevented from being spoiled, the child is
preserved from lying in a plash, and the disagreeable and unwholesome vapours
are retained between the two waterproof covers.
In all these and similar cases my Invention is of great utility and of sanitary
importance.
Having thus fully described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that the combination, as herein-
before described, may be applied with various other articles, but what I claim
is,-
First. In a ventilating gusset the combination of an impermeable water-proof
material A perforated by little holes a with an absorbing fabric or material B, the
perforated material A being arranged outside or inside of the absorbing material B,
or between two pieces of the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Second. In water proof rain-cloaks, coats, or dresses, the arrangement of a flannel
or absorbing gusset inside the perforated arm-holes of the said cloak or dress,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Third. In hats and caps the lining of the hat or cap consisting of the com-
bination of a perforated and a solid impermeable band with an absorbing material
disposed between the two bands, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. In beds, swaddling-cloths, and similar articles, the combination of the
perforated water proof material A, a solid piece of the same material united to the
former by ties, buttons, or the like, and an absorbing fabric B disposed between
the two, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Sachs, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty first day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.