IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FANCY BUTTONS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Loewenthal, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF FANCY BUTTONS."
Scaled the 30th November 1875, and dated the 4th June 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Loewenthal at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th June 1875.
.
I, EDWARD LOEWENTHAL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FANCY BUTTONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of fancy buttons formed
principally with a body and rim of glass of any color and a centre of
silk or other woven fabric.
The body of the button is moulded or stamped in glass of any suitable
color with a projecting rim all round; the centre is punched out in
cardboard or other suitable material, and covered with silk, velvet, or

page_text: other woven fabric which is fastened thereto with paste or other
adhesive substances. A piece of zinc or tin is also punched out of a
similar size and form, and having a small hole in the centre. A pin is
passed through this small hole, and the two corresponding pieces being
placed together, so that the head of the pin is between them, a metal
ring (by preference of brass) is placed over them, and punched or
pressed so as to embrace the two and hold them firmly together at the
edges, forming a bright metal border to the centre. This centre thus
formed, is now placed in the body, the metal border just fitting within
the raised glass rim, and the pin or shank passing through a hole in the
glass body. The end of the pin is then bent round and repassed into
the hole of the body so as to form a loop or shank for attaching the
button to the article of dress, a small metal washer being interposed
between the metal loop or shank and the glass body to give a better
finish to the back. These buttons can be formed round, octagonal, or of
any other suitable shape.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Loewenthal in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
LOEWENTHAL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edward Loewenthal, Her special license
that I, the said Edward Loewenthal, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Loewenthal,
my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN

page_text: THE CONSTRUCTION OF FANCY BUTTONS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Edward Loewenthal, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Loewenthal, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to the construction of fancy buttons formed
principally with a body and rim of glass of any color, and a centre of
silk or other woven fabric.
The body of the button is moulded or stamped in glass of any suitable
color with a projecting rim all round; the centre is punched out in
cardboard or other suitable material, and covered with the silk, velvet,
or other woven fabric which is fastened thereto with paste or other
adhesive substance. A piece of zinc or tin is also punched out of a
similar size and form, and having a small hole in the centre. A pin is
passed through this small hole, and the two corresponding pieces being
placed together, so that the head of the pin is between them, a metal
ring (by preference of brass) is placed over them, and punched or
pressed so as to embrace the two and hold them firmly together at the
edges, forming a bright metal border to the centre. The centre thus
formed is now placed in the body, the metal border just fitting within
the raised glass rim, and the pin or shank passing through a hole in the
glass body. The end of the pin is then bent round and repassed into
the hole of the body so as to form a loop or shank for attaching the
button to the article of dress, a small metal washer being interposed
between the metal loop or shank and the glass body to give a better
finish to the back. These buttons can be formed round, octagonal, or of
any convenient shape, and for the body, bone, horn, wood, metal, or
other suitable material may be employed as a substitute for glass.
In cases where a cheaper button is required it may be made in the
ordinary manner, but with a hollow face in which a piece of cardboard

page_text: EDWARD LOEWENTHAL. (L.S.)
Witnessed by
JOHN HUGHES,
Clerk to George Davies, C.E.,
Patent Office,
4, St. Ann's Sq.,
Manchester.