THE TREAT- MENT OF THE RESIDUES RESULTING FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF ANILINE RED, FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VALUABLE SUBSTANCES THEREFROM
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "THE TREAT-
MENT OF THE RESIDUES RESULTING FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF ANILINE
RED, FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VALUABLE SUBSTANCES THEREFROM."
A com-
munication from abroad by The Actien Gesellschaft fuer Anilin Fabrikation, of
Berlin. in the German Empire.
Sealed the 22nd March 1878, and dated the 18th January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th January 1878.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex. "THE TREATMENT OF THE RESIDUES RESULTING
FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF ANILINE RED, FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VALUABLE
SUBSTANCES THEREFROM." [A communication from abroad by The Actien Gesellschaft
fuer Anilin Fabrikation, of Berlin, in the German Empire.]
It is well known that the processes now used for the production of aniline red,
called in commerce magenta, fuchsine, rosaniline, rubine, &c., yield from 30 to 40
per cent. of valuable coloring matters soluble in water, and 60 to 70 per cent. of
insoluble resinous residues which manufacturers, up to the present time, not only
considered nearly valueless, but even a nuisance. It has been discovered that those
residues, submitted to distillation, yield considerable quantities of aniline, toluidine,
diphenylamine and their homologues.
The residues derived from the nitro-benzole process or the nitrate of mercury
process may be worked up directly, but the residues derived from the arsenic
acid process are, by preference, first freed from too considerable quantities of arsenic
contained in them.
To carry out the present Invention, the above-named air-dry residues are distilled
in horizontal retorts (similar to those used in distilling lignite) connected with con-
densers, either by direct fire or superheated steam.

page_text: The large quantities of basic oil distilling over, mixed with water and ammonia,
are, after having been separated from the water, fractionally distilled in ordinary
stills, either by direct fire or by steam.
The portion of those oils that boils at a lower temperature contains principally
aniline, toluidine, and their homologues, and may be directly used in the production
of aniline colours.
The portion that boils at a higher temperature is principally diphenylamine
(mixed with carbazole, acridine, &c.) which may be easily purified in the ordinary
way by hydrochloric acid.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
May 1878.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex. "THE TREATMENT OF THE RESIDUES RESULTING
FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF ANILINE RED, FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VALUABLE
SUBSTANCES THEREFROM." A communication from abroad by The Actien Gesellschaft
fuer Anilin Fabrikation, of Berlin, in the German Empire.
It is well known that the processes now used for the production of aniline red,
called in commerce magenta, fuchsine, rosaniline, rubine, &c., yield from 30 to 40
per cent. of valuable coloring matters soluble in water, and 60 to 70 per cent. of
insoluble resinous residues which manufacturers, up to the present time, not only
considered nearly valueless, but even a nuisance. It has been discovered that those
residues, submitted to distillation, yield considerable quantities of aniline, toluidine,
diphenylamine, and their homologues.
The residues derived from the nitro-benzole process or the nitrate of mercury
process may be worked up directly, but the residues derived from the arsenic
acid process are, by preference, first freed from too considerable quantities of arsenic
contained in them.
To carry out the present Invention, the above-named air-dry residues are distilled
in horizontal retorts (similar to those used in distilling lignite) connected with con-
densers, either by direct fire or superheated steam.
The large quantities of basic oil distilling over, mixed with water and ammonia,
are, after having been separated from the water, fractionally distilled in ordinary
stills, either by direct fire or by steam.
The portion of those oils that boils at a lower temperature contains principally
aniline, toluidine, and their homologues, and may be directly used in the production
of aniline colours.
The portion that boils at a higher temperature is principally diphenylamine
(mixed with carbazole, acridine, &c.) which may be easily purified in the ordinary
way by hydrochloric acid.
The carbonaceous residue remaining in the retorts may be used as fuel.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, I
claim, the manufacture of aniline, diphenylamine, and their homologues from the
resinous residues of the aniline red process, by distillation, treatment with water
and ammonia, and fractional distillation, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
CHAº. D. ABEL. (L.S.)