Year: 1886

page_text: 1886
Date of Application, 13th Dec.,
Complete Left, 13th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 8th Nov., 1887
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM WALKER of Leeds in the County of York Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I provide a fixed coal tip set back 20 or 30 feet from the edge of the dock. The
wagon is run on to the table of this tip, is lifted up and tipped. The coal passes
down a shoot fitted with a screen and is received into a skip. This skip may be
capable of taking all the coal at one time or a portion of it. A moveable hydraulic
crane is provided to lift the skip to the hatchway of the ship and to lower it as far as
necessary. The coal is released from the skip by turning the skip over or by letting
the bottom out. The crane which I use for this purpose stands on the edge of the
dock and is moveable on wheels; it is capable of working at any part of the dock.
The base of the crane is constructed to allow of two lines of ordinary rails to pass
underneath it. The jib is made to derrick, this is done in the following manner;
instead of tie rods to support the jib I have wire ropes, which are capable of being
wound up upon snails or barrels of varying diameter.
In order further to adjust the speed of derricking to the different strains due to the
varying positions of the jib, an additional snail is employed which is coupled up to
the same shaft as the former; this snail is worked by a hydraulic cylinder through
the intervention of a wire rope. The large radius of this snail is opposed to the small
radius of the other so that by varying the radii of these snails I can vary in any
proportion the strain on the ties in the different positions of the jib.
The skip is carried by three chains two of which carry the skip itself and the other,
the bottom of the skip. These chains are kept equally taut by a small ram at the
bottom of the lifting cylinder. This crane can be placed on any part of the dock
hydrants being provided for the supply of water and there may be fixed tips at such
intervals that this crane can reach them.
Sometimes I employ a gantry, say fifteen high on which is a traverser capable of
being moved by wire ropes and hydraulic cylinder or other suitable arrangement.
This gantry is set about twenty feet back from the side of the dock.
Along the edge of the dock and capable of being moved on rails and adjusted to the

page_text: different positions of the ships hatchways is an apparatus capable of taking the wagon
from this traverser, lifting it higher if necessary and then tipping it to deliver the
coal into the ship. The wagons can be got on to this traverser either by utilizing
existing fixed coal hoists or by adding hoists at the back of the gantry. The wagon
is lifted to the top of the gantry then run on to the traverser and carried npon the
traverser to the moveable tip. In the case of utilizing old hoists the empty wagon is
brought back by the taverser and run away along a pier or elevated road.
Where hoists are specially provided immediately behind the gantry the platform or
cage of the hoist is built with two stories. The upper story is at the level of the
gantry when the hoist is lowered to the bottom. The empty truck is brought back by
the traverser and while the full truck is being run on at the lower level the empty
truck is passed away over the top of the hoist cage which is fitted with rails and
constructed for this purpose. In either case the full trucks come in and the empty
ones go out at fixed places convenient to the dock whilst the coal may still be loaded
in the hatchways in any position.
Dated this 13th day of December 1886.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Loading Coal and other Minerals.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM WALKER, of Leeds in the County of York Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
I provide a fixed coal tip set back 20 or 30 feet from the edge of the dock. The
wagon is run on to the table of this tip, is lifted up and tipped. The coal passes down
a shoot fitted with a screen and is received into a skip. This skip may be capable of
taking all the coal at one time or a portion of it. A moveable hydraulic crane is
provided to lift the skip to the hatchway of the ship and to lower it as far as necessary.
The coal is released from the skip by turning the skip over or by letting the bottom
out. The crane which I use for this purpose stands on the edge of the dock and is
moveable on wheels; it is capable of working at any part of the dock. The base of
the crane is constructed to allow of two lines of ordinary rails to pass underneath it.
The jib is made to derrick, this is done in the following manner, instead of tie rods to
support the jib I have wire ropes, which are capable of being wound up upon snails or
barrels of varying diameter.
In order further to adjust the speed of derricking to the different strains due to the
varying positions of the jib, an additional snail is employed which is coupled up to the
same shaft as the former; this snail is worked by a hydraulic cylinder through the
intervention of a wire rope. The large radius of this snail is opposed to the small
radius of the other so that by varying the radii of these snails I can vary in any
proportion the strain on the ties in the different positions of the jib.
The skip is carried by three chains two of which carry the skip itself and the other
the bottom of the skip. These chains are kept equally taut by a small ram at the
bottom of the lifting cylinder. This crane can be placed on any part of the dock
hydrants being provided for the supply of water and there may be fixed tips at such
intervals that this crane can reach them.
Sometimes I employ a gantry, say fifteen high on which is a traverser capable of
being moved by wire ropes and hydraulic cylinders or other suitable arrangenient.
This gantry is set about twenty feet back from the side of the dock.
Along the edge of the dock and capable of being moved on rails and adjusted to the
different positions of the ships hatchways is an apparatus capable of taking the wagon
from this traverser, lifting it higher if necessary and then tipping it to deliver the
coal into the ship. The wagons can be got on to this traverser either by utilizing
existing fixed coal hoists or by adding hoists at the back of the gantry. The wagon
is lifted to the top of the gantry then run on to the traverser and carried upon the
traverser to the moveable tip. In the case of utilizing old hoists the empty wagon is
brought back by the traverser and run away along a pier or elevated road.
Where hoists are specially provided immediately behind the gantry the platform or
cage of the hoist is built with two stories. The upper story is at the level of the

page_text: gantry when the hoist is lowered to the bottom. The empty truck is brought back by
the traverser and while the full truck is being run on at the lower level the empty
truck is passed away over the top of the hoist cage which is fitted with rails and
constructed for this purpose. In either case the full trucks come in and the empty
ones go out at fixel places convenient to the dock whilst the coal may still be loaded
in the hatchways in any position.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, and
Figure 2 is a plan showing the general arrangement where the wagons containing
the coal or mineral are discharged into skips on the quay wall, which are then lifted
by a crane and by slewing and derricking are brought into position to be lowered
into the hold of the ship.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of such apparatus.
Figure 4 is an end elevation showing the arrangement where the wagons containing
the coal or mineral are passed on to a traverser and are carried by this traverser to a
combined lift and tipping apparatus, by which the wagons are raised, as may be
necessary, and inclined to discharge them into a suspended skip which afterward is
lowered into the hold of the vessel.
Figure 5 is an end elevation showing a like arrangement but combined with a troist
of two stories, the lower story to receive the wagon to be lifted to the traverser, and
the upper story serving as a road for the empty wagon to run off whilst the hoist is
receiving the loaded wagon.
In Figures 1 and 2, A is a hoist which raises the wagon and tips it; in some
situations raising the wagon will be unnecessary. B is a shoot which receives the
coal or mineral from the wagon and conveys it into the skip. CC are the skips.
The skips here shown are carried by trollies, and this is convenient because the skip,
when filled, can then be run away and its place taken by another and the tip and
crane then work to some extent independently. But sometimes I employ skips which
are not carried upon trollies but which, when filled, remain in position until lifted and
carried away by the crane. DD are the cranes, and D₁ are their jibs; the circuits
around which these jibs can be slewed are represented by dotted lines. The jib can
also be raised or lowered or derricked as it is commonly termed.
The details of the arrangement are more clearly seen in Figure 3.
a is the
framework of an ordinary combined hoist and tipping apparatus. b is the platform of
the same, it is supported upon the rams cc of the hydraulic cylinders à d. e is a
tipping frame jointed at its fore end to the platform 6 of the hoist, and in rear it is
supported by the ramf which works in a hydraulic cylinder g mounted on trunnions
at g h represents a coal wagon which has been run on to this platform when the
platform was at the ground level and which has been raised and tilted into the
position in which it is shown by inclining the frame e. The coal falling out of
the wagon passes down the inclined shoot i and is received into a skip k which here is
represented as simply standing upon the edge of the quay wall, but it may be mounted
on a small truck as shown in Figures 1 and 2. is the base of the crane, it is
provided with four legs and strides over a double line of railway as the drawing
represents. At the lower ends of the legs are wheels running upon rails, and
hydraulic gear is provided for driving these wheels when it is required to shift the
crane from place to place. Upon the top of the crane base there is a ring rail la
which carries the superstructure m m. The wheels m² m² of the superstructure stand
on these rails, and they also are driven by hydraulic gear for the purpose of slewing
the crane. n is the crane jib, it is jointed at its lower end to the base of the super-
structure and its upper end is sustained by a wire rope o which passes over a guide
pulley near the top of the superstructure and thence descends and is wound upon the
snail P for the purpose of derricking or altering the inclination of the jib. On the

page_text: same axis with the snail p there is another similar snail not represented in the drawing;
a wire rope is also wound upon this second snail but in such a direction that as one
rope is wound up the other unwinds.
11
For the purpose of raising the jib the second rope is drawn off from its snail by
means of a hydraulic cylinder, ram and gear of ordinary construction. 7 is one of
the lifting cylinders of which there are a pair with the usual rams and pulleys; they
are set at a short distance apart and between them at their lower end there is an
additional hydraulic cylinder r. The lifting chains after encircling the pulleys q¹, g¹¹
in connection with the lifting cylinders and rams pass down over guide pulleys at s,
thence to the pulleys t on the head of the jib, and so to the suspended skip. The
skip here shown is an ordinary bucket but the apparatus is suitably constructed to
also work with skips having movable bottoms. Such skip I need not describe at any
length, as they are well known; the bottom of the skip is loose and it is held up in
its place by a chain passing to the jib head. This chain encircles pulleys carried upon
the lifting rams at q and it passes down and around pulleys at u carried by the small
auxiliary ram; then, in the same way as the lifting chains, this chain (which is
attached to the movable bottom of the skip) passes around a guide pulley at and
over another guide pulley at t upon the jib head. From the jib head the chain descends
to the movable bottom to which it is made fast. So long as water under pressure
is admitted to the cylinder of the auxiliary ram the bottom of the skip is. held up but
when the cylinder r is allowed to empty; the skip bottom is able to fall away from the
sides and the weight upon it causes it to do so. In some cases, especially where the
quay wall is deficient in width, it is convenient that the lines of railway on which
the cranes stand should be carried upon girders resting upon piers built up at intervals
beyond the face of the wall.
In Figure 4, E E represents the frame of a combined lift and tip of ordinary
construction erected upon the quay wall, and behind it there is a gantry F F on
which a traverser G runs. H is a wagon upon the traverser which may have been
lifted on to the traverser by a hoist or may have been run on to it where an elevated
road for the purpose is available. The traverser G carries the wagon laterally to the
lift, and when the platform I of the lift is at the level of the traverser the wagon is run
on; and then by hydraulic apparatus K K, the platform is raised as high as is required
for tipping. The tipping is effected by a hydraulic cylinder and ram L; the coal is
discharged into a shoot M which can be set at any level. The level is adjusted at one
end by means of racks N N and at the other or outer end by a chain O. Thus the
shoot is held at a suitable inclination to deliver into a suspended skip, P. This skip
hangs from a crane jib Q, and when the skip has received the load by means of
ordinary hydraulic gear, it is lowered down into the hold of the ship; here the
charge is delivered and the empty skip is lifted again into position to be refilled.
In Figure 5 a similar arrangement is shown except that in this case the combined
lift and tip is movable upon wheels; so that it can be set to work in different places
if necessary. In this figure also a special hoist is shown; its cage, which is supported
by the hydraulic ram or rams R is in two stages S and S¹. The wagon shown at T
has just been run on to the lower story of the hoist from the lower road U and the
empty wagon shown at V is on the point of being passed off from the traverser over
the upper story S₁ of the cage and so away by the upper road W.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination of apparatus substantially as described for loading coal and
other minerals consisting of a tip by which the wagon can be emptied into a skip or
skips standing upon the edge of the quay wall and an hydraulic crane also on the
edge of the quay wall which can lift these skips when filled and swing them over the
hatchway of the ship by slewing and derricking (or altering the inclination of the jib)
and then lower them into the hold as herein set forth.
2. In apparatus for loading coal and other minerals the combination of apparatus
substantially as described for controlling the derricking of the jib consisting of a

page_text: pair of snails and an hydraulic cylinder; the latter operating to draw off a rope from
one of the snails and thereby to cause a rope connected with the jib to be wound upon
the other snail as herein set forth.
3. In apparatus for loading coal and other minerals the combination of apparatus
substantially as described for effecting the delivery of the load from a skip having a
moveable bottom; such combination consisting of the lifting and lowering cylinders
and the chains passing from the cylinders around guide pulleys to the jib head and to
the skip; and an additional hydraulic cylinder which in conjunction with the main
cylinders controls an additional chain also passing to the jib head and thence
descending to the bottom of the skip to which it is attached the whole so arranged
that the additional hydraulic cylinder serves to hold the bottom of the skip in place
until the contents are to be delivered and then allows it to fall away or open as herein
set forth.
4. The combination of apparatus substantially as described for loading coal and
other minerals consisting of a combined lift and tip on the edge of the quay wall and
a traverser in rear thereof; such traverser receiving the wagon and conveying it to
the lift and tip which latter when the wagon has been run on, lifts it as far as may
be required and tips it delivering the contents into a suspended skip which is then
lowered into the ships hold as herein set forth.
5. The combination of apparatus substantially as described for loading coal and
other minerals consisting of a combined lift and tip on the edge of the quay wall;
a traverser in rear thereof and a hoist behind the traverser and serving to place the
wagon thereon as herein set forth.
6. The combination of apparatus substantially as described for loading coal and
other minerals consisting of a combined lift and tip on the edge of the quay wall;
a traverser in rear thereof and a hoist behind the traverser such hoist having its cage
built in two stories so that when the cage is down to receive a wagon on to the lower
story an empty wagon may pass from the traverser on to and from the upper story of
the cage as herein set forth.
7. Apparatus substantially as described and illustrated by the annexed drawings for
loading coal and other minerals as herein set forth.
Dated this Twelfth day of September 1887.
FREDERIC WILLIAM WALKER.