Improvements in Hot Air Evaporating and Drying Machine.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 4th May, 1894-Accepted, 21st July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Air Evaporating and Drying Machine.
I, ORLANDO THOMAS NEWTON, of 14 Wright Street, Egremont in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the method of breaking the fluid matter into small
divisions in evaporating pans, forcing hot air in and on the fluid matter, evaporating
pans, and automatic arrangement of the machine. I arrange the machine in four
parts, evaporating, drying, cooling and air chambers. The air chamber runs the
full hight and breadth of one side of the machine, there are division plates
separating the evaporating drying and cooling chambers, fitted with dampers. I
fix perforated air tubes crossing the machine at right-angles from the air
chambers, at short distances apart, running from one end of the machine, to
the other.
In the evaporating chamber, I fix shallow pans at right angles, to the body of
the machine, these pans are hinged together, forming an endless chain of pans.
Allonge the sides of the machine, I fix angle iron, for carrying the ends of the pans,
each pan is fitted with friction rollers, for running on the angle irons. At each
end of the machine are fixed drag rollers, between the chain of pans. These
rollers are made six sided, so as they will allways have a grip on four pans at each
end, as they move the chain of pans allonge. At the delivery end are fixed knives
to clear out each pan of the material evaporated, as they pass over the rollers. The
chain of pans, are fixed one above the other, and are geard together on the outside
of the machine. The perforated air tubes passing over the top of each pan and
between the chain of pans, the hot air is forced through each of these tubes, at
a high rate of speed on and in the material to be evaporated, in a continuous
stream, of fresh hot air, forming a rapid evaporating, and circulating power, as the
chain of pans pass allonge. At the feed end of the chain of pans I fix a supply
cistern the width of the pans, one to each set of pans, one end resting on the third
pan from the end, the cistern is fixed on a center shaft, so as it will rise, and fall
by the movement of the pans, as they move round the roller, as the cistern rises, it
will cant the fluid back, as it falls again, it will deliver gentley the fluid matter,
into the pan ready, to receive it. To each of these cisterns, I fix a supply pipes,
and stop valves, from the main cistern, containing the fluid matter to be evaporated.
In connection with the stop valve, I fix on the drag roller shaft, a combined ratchet,
pall, wheel and weighted quadrant, geared together, the quadrant is connected by
a rod to the stop valvs. When the machine is in motion, the pall will be in geare,
giving motion to the quadrant, opening the stop valve and allowing the fluid matter
to come into the cistern, and when not in motion, the weighted quadrant will fall
out of geare, and stop the supply. The supply pipes are attached to the main
cistern, in which I fix a regulating valve actuated by governor, regulating the
supply of the fluid matter to the speed of the machine. When the governor is not
in motion they cut off the main supply, from the cistern.
In the drying division of the machine I fix endless sheets, over drag rollers,
geard together on the outside of the machine. The evaporated material falls on
the first travelling sheet, the material is delivered from one sheet to the other, as
they travel in contrary directions. I fix the air tubes in a similar manner, as in
the evaporating chamber, above and between the sheets, at right-angles to the
sheets. The hot air is forced through each of these tubes, in a constant stream of
fresh, hot air, on the material to be dryed, forming a rapid circulating drying

page_text: power, as the sheets move allong with the material, to the desired, point of dryness.
It is then deliverd into a pair of crushing rollers, passing through at the desired
fineness, on to the lower sheets, thence into the lower portion of the machine,
deliverd on similar travelling sheets, having the air tube fixed in a similar
manner, to the evaporating chamber, where the material meets the cold air, and is
reduced down to the temperature of the atmosphere, the last sheet, delivering the
material into the receivers.
Dated this 3rd day of August 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Air Evaporating and Drying Machine.
I, ORLANDO THOMAS NEWTON, Engineer, 14 Wright Street, Egremont, in the
County of Chester do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to the method of breaking the fluid matter, into small
divisions in evaporating pans, forcing hot air, in and on the fluid matter,
evaporating pans and automatic arrangement of the machine. I arrange the
machine in four parts, evaporating, drying, cooling, and air chambers. The air
chamber runs the full height and breadth of one side of the machine, there are
division plates separating the evaporating, drying, and, cooling chamber fitted
with dampers. I fix perforated air tubes crossing the machine at right angles
from air chamber, at short distances apart, running from one end of the machine
to the other. In the evaporating chamber, I fix shallow pans crossing at right-
angles to the body of the machine, these pans are hinged together, forming an
endless chain of pans.
Allong the sides of the machine I fix angle-iron for
carrying the ends of the pans, each pan is fitted with friction rollers for running on
the angle-iron. At each end of the machine, are fixed drag rollers, between the
chain of pans, these rollers, are made six sided, so as they will always have a grip
on four pans at each end, as they move the chain of pans along. At the delivery
end are fixed knives, to clear out each pan, of the material evaporated, as they
pass over the rollers. The chain of pans are fixed, one above the other, and are
geared together on the outside of the machine. The perforated air tubes
passing over, the top of each pan, and between the chain of pans. The hot
air is forced through each of these tubes, at a high rate of speed, on
and in the material to be evaporated, in a continuous, stream, of fresh hot air,
forming a rapid evaporating power, as the chain of pans pass along. At the feed
end of the chain of pans, I fix a supply cistern, the width of the pans, one to each
set of pans, one end resting on the third pan from the end. The cistern is fixed on
a centre shaft, so as it will rise and fall by the movement of the pans as they move
round the rollers. As the cistern rises it will cant the fluid back, as it falls again
it will deliver gently the fluid matter into the pan, ready to receive it. To each
of these cisterns I fix a supply pipe and stop valve, from the main cistern containing
the fluid matter to be evaporated. In connection with the stop valve, I fix on the
drag roller shaft a combined ratchet, pawl, wheel and weighted quadrant, geared
together, the quadrant is connected by a rod to the stop valve, when the machine
is in motion, the pawl will be in geared, giving motion to the quadrant opening the
stop valve, and allowing the fluid matter to come into the cistern, and when not in
motion the weighted quadrant will fall out of gear and stop the supply; the supply
pipes are attached to the main cistern in which I fix a regulating valve actuated by
a governor, regulating the supply of the fluid matter to the speed of the machine.
When the governors are not in motion they cut off the main supply from the cistern.
In the drying division of the machine I fix endless sheets over drag rollers geared

page_text: in
together on the outside of the machine; the evaporated material falls on the first
travelling sheet. The material is delivered from one sheet to the other as they
travel in contrary directions. I fix the air tubes in a similar manner as
evaporating chamber, above and between these travelling sheets, at right-angles to
the sheets; the hot air is forced through each of these tubes in a constant stream
of fresh hot air on the material to be dryed, forming a rapid circulating drying
power as the sheets move along with the material, to the desired point of dryness.
It is then deliverd into a pair of crushing rollers passing through at the desired
fineness on to the lower sheet, thence into the lower portion of the machine
deliverd on similar travelling sheets, having the air tubes fixed in a similar
manner to the evaporating chamber, where the material meets the cold air, and is
reduced down to the temperature of the atmosphere, the last sheet delivering the
material into the receivers.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect, I will describe the accompanying sheets of drawings, reference being had to
the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a side sectional elevation of air evaporating and drying machine,
embodying my invention, Fig. 2 is an end sectional view;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the improved air tubes in plan,
Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional end elevation of shallow evaporating pans with
end view of air tubes, showing the method of breaking up the fluid matter to be
evaporated by the action of the air, forming a rapid evaporating and circulating
power as the chain of pans pass slowly along ;
Fig. 5 is an outside elevation, showing governor for regulating and cutting off the
supply also quadrant valve gear for opening and closing supply valve to internal
cistern F.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged end view of quadrant gear.
Fig. 1., A main supply cistern, B. ball valve regulated by governor, I, C small
supply cistern, D supply pipes for feeding small cistern; E. stop valve for
regulating the supply to the canting cistern F., F canting cistern for feeding
the chain of pans as they come into position to receive the fluid matter to be
evaporated, G. drag rollers, H shallow evaporating pans hinged together forming
an endless chain of pans, i friction rollers for running an angle-iron for carrying
the pans, J. air tubes leading the air on to the fluid to be evaporated, K air tubes
fixed between the chain of pans for leading the air direct under the pans con-
taining the matter to be evaporated, L knives for cleaning out the pans M. rollers
for regulating the thickness of material as it passes from evaporator to the first
travelling sheet, for further drying, and cooling the material, O air tubes for
carrying air on to the travelling sheets N, P air tubes between travelling sheets,
Q exhaust air flue, R. rollers for regulating the fineness of the material, S baffle
for stopping cold air, T cold air division, Ū cold air tubes over top of travelling
bands, V cold air tubes under travelling bands, Fig. 2. end elevation, W hot air
chamber, X warm air chamber, Y cold air chamber, Z dampers for closing tubes
over travelling bands, J tubes leading from air chamber, over evaporating pans,
K tubes leading from air chamber between evaporating pans, Fig. 3. an enlarged
view of air tubes, W. main hot air chamber, J air tubes, H evaporating pans,
Fig. 4 an enlarged end view of shallow evaporating pans, H pans, J tubes over
evaporating pans i friction rollers, K. tubes under pan. Fig. 5, A. main supply
cistern, B. ball valve, C. small feed cistern, D. supply pipes, E stop valve,
2. 3. 5. 6. 7 and 10 quadrant valve gear. Fig. 6 is an enlarged elevation of the
quadrant valve gear; 2 is drag roller shaft 3 pawl wheel keyed on shaft, 4. pawls
fixed to spur wheel, 5 spur wheel revolving loose on pawl wheel, 6 spur quadrant
geared into spur wheel occilating loose on stud 8. having a long boss, 10 balance
weight fixed on long boss by set screw, the whole working loose on stud 8,
arm 11 connected by connecting rod 7, to regulating valve lever E when the pawl
wheel revolves it will engage one of the pawls fixed on spur wheel bringing over
the spur quadrant to the left, till the last tooth, 14 is out of gear, carrying the

page_text: balance weight 10 with it. The pawl arm and connecting rod going to the right so
opening the feed valve, so long as the drag roller shaft slowly revolves it will
keep the tooth wheel 14 out of gear, and the valve open. When the drag roller
shaft stops the balance weight 10 will fall back into position closing the valve,
until restarted.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
1st. The general combination and arrangement of parts constituting an improved
evaporating and drying machine substantially as herein before described.
2nd. Air chambers constructed substantially as herein described.
3rd. Air conducting tubes substantially and for the purpose herein set forth.
4th. The method of forcing air through a series of conducting tubes to the
material to be evaporated substantially and for the purpose herein set forth.
5th. The general construction and arrangement of the chain of shallow
evaporating pans, substantially and for the purpose herein described.
6th. The combined governor and valve as herein before described.
7th. The combined arrangement of quadrant and pawl gear, for starting and
stopping the supply to the machine substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated 3rd day of May 1894.
O. T. NEWTON,
Applicant.