IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS AND IN MEANS FOR SUPPLYING AIR THERETO
Year: 1885

page_text: Air thereto.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS BURNERS AND IN MEANS FOR SUPPLYING AIR THERETO »
a communication to
me from abroad by Joseph Danischevski (Engineer) of 94 Rue du Faubourg,
Poissonnière, Paris France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to multiple flame batswing burners, possessing the
following distinctive features which may be applied either separately or in
combination.
1st The slits for the passage of the flames, which may be of any suitable number,
are arranged to converge towards the centre of the burner so as to form as many
divergent or radial flames.
2nd The central part of each burner is imperforate so that the slits do not meet
at the point of convergence, but leave a space between them.
3rd Partitions may be formed in the interior of the burner in order the better to
direct the gas towards each of the slits.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
Specification which shows some examples of the Invention.
Figure 1 represents a vertical section and plan of a three flame burner consisting
of a hollow nipple provided with three slits o and a cup or shield & the whole
mounted upon the tubular burner a The three slits through which the gas is
omitted are shown in the plan as well as the crown x dividing the slits. The gas
passes up the interior of the burner and meeting the crown x is directed towards
the slits c as indicated by the arrows- Figure 2 shows the same burner slightly
concaved at e for facilitating the emission of the flame.
Figure 3 also shows the same burner made slightly concave on its exterior and
convex on its interior. Figure 3B shows the same burner as figure 3 with &

page_text: spherical cavity. Figure 4 shows a plan and section of the same burner with a
point or arrow head fixed at the centre of a perforated diaphragm N fitting in
the tubular burner.
The arrows show the direction in which the gas passes. Figure 5 shows a
burner having a central conical point on its interior it being otherwise arranged
the same as in figure 1. Figure 6 shows a plan of a burner having three pairs of
radial slits, with a bar of solid metal a between them.
In this as in the other arrangements the same effects may be obtained either by
slitting the burner itself or by additions made thereto.
The slits may be made of uniform width or diminish in width towards the centre
and they may be made either symmetrical or on a portion only of the surface of the
burner. The improvements may be applied to all kinds of burners by slitting
them in such manner as to retain the central portion of the burner which is the
essential feature of the Invention.
Figure 7 shows the same burner as in figure 6 except that the triangle a is
separately fixed in the space a¹. Figure is a plan. of another form of slitted
burner.
Figure 9 is a plan of a burner in which the slits gradually diminish in breadth
as they converge towards each other. Figure 10 is a plan of a burner with two.
slits separated at the centre. Figure 10 shows a plan of two so called Manchester
burners in which the same effects may be produced as in the multiple batswing
burners, that is to say in the one case a triple batswing and in the other a quad-
ruple batswing & Figure 10 shows the improvement applied to an ordinary
batswing burner for obtaining the same effects as those produced by these multiple
flame burners For this purpose it is sufficient to arrange three or more slitted nipples
in such manner that the flames are radial one wing of each flame meeting at the
centre and the other wings diverging in different directions the flames being made
to assume any form desired. The burners and fittings may also be made in one
piece.
The burner which may either be made of metal or refractory material acts in the
following manner. The nipple whether of spherical or other form and of equal or
unequal thickness is provided with slits so arranged as to impart to the gas current
a rectilinear direction while projecting it at the end of each slit, these projections of
'the current being divergent at the sides and convergent above the centre of the
nipple. The slits are made separate one from the other, which prevents their
joining at the centre. The slits may either be double or triple.
The conjunction above the central point of the burner of the flames emitted
therefrom in the form of divergent wings is only obtained by suitably regulating
the pressure of the gas as hereinafter described.
The metallic or other shield d. is of a diameter proportionate to the size of the
nipple and curved so as to approximate as near as possible to the form of
the flame.
1st It serves to screen and regulate the current of air induced by the flames and
also to spread the latter, which last effect may also be effected by replacing the
shield by a small horizontal plate or by small straight or curved blades springing
from the origin of the flame.
2nd It serves by its concave form to retain a small volume of heated air which is
continually renewed and supplied to the lower part of the burner.,
3rd It serves to superheat the flames at their point of emission and thus
considerably augment their lighting power. The shield d may however be
dispensed with.

page_text: lines. In this manner, a conjunction of flames is obtained at a o σ reinforced by
the flames from the central burner d.
Figure 12 represents a lighting apparatus formed of six three flame burners
disposed in a circle the flames meeting as shown. These burners (figures 11 and 12)
may either be arranged in a circle or in any other manner so as to radiate and
combine the flames in such manner as to form an intense luminous focus fed by one
or more air currents which can be placed in a lantern of relatively small dimensions.
Figures 13 and 14 represent the same burner as in figure 1 and following figures,
but enclosed in a double envelope of glass or other transparent material through
which air is caused to circulate for the purpose of becoming heated before arriving
at the burner thus constituting a hot air burner; the lighting power of the gas
being increased according to the degree of incandescence of its carbon-The small
chimney b in figure 13 may be replaced by a metal cap placed on the line A B.
The envelopes shown in figures 13 and 14 which are slightly different in arrange-
ment conduce to the same results.
Figure 15 represents an underside plan and section of a nipple having three or
more slits c and provided with division plates 6 so as to form three or more
chambers for the purpose of imparting increased steadiness to the flame.
Figure 16 represents a section of a burner having three slits and three passages b,
the latter for the purpose as in the preceding burner of increasing the intensity of
the light by rendering the flames more steady. The same results may be obtained
by combining several batswing burners, as in figure 17 the slits in which are so
arranged that the flames emitted in a radial direction may meet in a median line.
The nipple figure 16 is mounted on a chamber a provided with means for regulating
the supply of gas-As above mentioned, this regulator combines to ensure the
proper action of the burner, viz. the conjunction of the flames at the centre, as
without it if on turning the tap, the gas pressure should cause a greater amount of
gas to be supplied than is requisite for the burner; the radial flames would become
divergent and independent and thus lose their appearance and lighting power.
The regulator consists of a disc d forming a valve, of a diameter slightly less than
that of the interior of cylinder g said disc being fixed to the upper end of a tube e
at whose lower end is fixed a perforated disc f of inverted dish form. The cylin-
drical part g whose edges are flared or otherwise shaped, is provided with several
longitudinal slits. Another tube ¹ fits in the tube e to the bottom end of which is
fixed a disc of similar form to f but of larger diameter and also perforated to
correspond to the perforations in f. These tubes are mounted loosely upon a rod i
screwing at its upper end into a central part x of the burner.
The discs f, f, are superposed and adjusted in such manner that the latter works
as a piston without friction in the cylindrical part g. The discs being movable
can be turned so as to open or close their orifices.
The gas enters at the base of the burner as indicated by the arrows and infringing
against the disc f¹ lifts the same more or less according to the pressure passes
through the orifices and arrives in the passages b through the slits in g. If the
pressure is too great and the delivery at the perforations, insufficient, the discs are
raised so as to cause disc d to close the slits in g more or less completely, thus
regulating the consumption of the burner; thus whatever may be the pressure of
the gas, the consumption always remains the same. This regulator is applicable to
all the burners of this Invention. Figure 18 represents the same burner as the
foregoing without the regulator but provided at the centre with a small auxiliary
or pilot batswing burner o either formed in one therewith or attached thereto and
provided with a separate tap said auxiliary burner not being in use while the main
burners are alight. Figure 18bis shows a similar burner but without the auxiliary
burner. The burner figure 18 is mounted on the upper end of a metal tube a¹ at
the centre of which is fixed a smaller tube o¹¹ screwing onto the burner tube o¹.
When the tap B is turned on the gas passes in the direction of the arrows through the
holes in the tap to supply the main flames, and in turning the tap, to extinguish
the light the gas passes through the passagen of the tap to the central passage o

page_text: of the auxiliary burner where it becomes ignited and forms two flames on a same
diameter of batswing form.
Figure 19 represents a six slit burner o upon the upper end of a tube a¹ in the
centre of which is another tube branched at o into two parts which enters two
channels corresponding to the slits c¹ in communication at its base with the orifice n
of the tap B figure 18. When the tap is turned on as shown the gas passes in the
direction of the arrows through the orifices m and escapes at the six slits, while by
turning tap B the four flames emitted from slits c are extinguished leaving the
flames from slits c¹ of the auxiliary burner alight. Figure 20 represents a vertical
section and plan of a four slit burner with a small central batswing burner, which
operates in connection with the tap B. On the tap being turned on, the flames
from the four radial slits unite at the centre of the burner notwithstanding the
auxiliary burner while by reversing the tap the four radial flames are extinguished
and the central flame above remains alight.
Figure 21 shows several forms of three slit burners provided with an auxiliary
burner having three radial slits the first form represented at A consists of a burner
which when lighted presents the appearance of a six flame burner, the jets of which
unite at the centre. The second form B, shows the same burner but in which the
slits form a continuation of those of the central burner, with a space between them.
The flames from these slits unite at their ends. The third form C shows the flames
from the central burner as combined with those of the large burner by their
parallel surfaces, or at a certain angle. These two latter arrangements present the
appearance of a three flame burner.
t
To obtain a luminous focus of greater intensity, the form shown at D may be
employed which consists in adding to the forms A, B, C, three or more additional
channels concentric therewith. This arrangement is applicable to all of these
improved burners.
Figure 22 represents a vertical section and plan of a six slit burner, with a small
central auxiliary jet at the top of the burner. The tap is arranged with regard to
this latter, so that the small jet shall be always alight whatever may be the
position of the tap. The jet being at the centre of the flames serves to complete
their union as well as to augment their lighting power. The small jet is protected
from the wind by an external tube which is made to rise and fall by the movement
of the tap.
Figure 23 represents a burner of the kind herein described, fixed on the upper
end of a stem which supports a tubular casing R of metal or glass, having three or
more arms corresponding to the number of slits in the burner and serving to render
the flames more rigid. The flames which rise above the top of the envelope, draw
in air and cause it to circulate more rapidly, whereby the flames are less susceptible
to the action of air currents. Moreover the air in passing through the casing R
becomes slightly heated and thus improves the combustion of the flame. By
covering the bottom of the casing with wire gauze, the air passing therethrough
may be still further heated. By introducing between the flames at their point of
junction or centre, a piece of platinum or other metal or a compound of magnesia
or other refractory material, a greatly increased light is obtained. This improvement
is applicable to all the burners herein described.
The intensity of the light may also be increased by joining the flames issuing
from a burner baving a cross slit and a central stop . The same result can also
be obtained by introducing a stop at the centre of the slit of an ordinary batswing
burner. The length of the slits in the burners may be regulated by means of a
central screw or washer.
Figure 24 represents an arrangement in which the flames from a three slit burner
are conjoined with those of three ordinary batswing burners.
Figure 25 represents one of the above described burners, provided with a
regenerative hot air apparatus --The burner A is enclosed in a hemispherical or
other shaped cup 6 which supports a bell mouthed cap B having an interior
cylindrical part e whose base fits upon the glass or other cup b, and the upper end

page_text: of which is flanged to fit against the cap B. This flange, which is provided with
perforations m, supports a metallic ring n of the same dimensions, also perforated
to correspond to those of the flange. The ring which is adjustable is secured to
the cap by two screw nuts n¹. The cylindrical part e is divided as shown in the.
plan into a number of compartments by vertical metal plates el rivetted at the one
end toe and at the other to the sides of chimney f. The top of the chimney is
rivetted to the bottom g of the cap which serves as a support for the same, and at
its base is fixed an inverted cap h which as well as the bottom g is apertured to
correspond to that of the chimney. Above the bottom g is placed a removable
guard to screen the chimney from draughts. The upper part of the cap forms a
draught chimney of suitable length.
The action is as follows:-
The burner is fed either from its. base or by means of internal or external
channels, the products of combustion passing up through chimney f. into the
draught chimney, creating an air current which is supplied to the burner in the
following manner. The air enters beneath the cap as shown by the arrows,
traverses the flange of cylindrical part e and perforated ring n (the holes in which
may be opened or closed by turning the ring) and enters the compartments el
which are heated almost to redness by the flame, thereby becoming highly heated
before feeding the flame.
These improved radial flame gas burners with a central stop may be made of
any material and in any suitable manner. The following are their principal
advantages 1st Simplicity economy and convenience. 2nd Capability of being
applied to all kinds of burner fittings, without their needing any alteration.
3rd Capability of using the burners either without globe or lantern or enclosed by
a globe or lantern of spherical, conical, cylindrical or other form, which by being
beated equally and simultaneously over its entire surface, is thus prevented from
breaking 4th The multiple flames of the burner project the light around the
entire circumference and give no shadow, which is a special advantage for lighting
public streets. 5th An economy of from 25 to 30 per cent, is obtained by the
conjunction of the flames at their centre and reciprocal heating.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Burners and in Means for Supplying
Air thereto.
:
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Joseph Danischevski (Engineer) of 94 Rue du Faubourg Poissonnière,
Paris France), and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to multiple flame batswing burners possessing the
following distinctive features which may be applied either separately or in com-
bination. 1st The slits for the passage of the flames which may be of any suitable
number, are arranged to converge towards the centre of the burner, so as to form
as many divergent or radial flames. 2nd The central part of each burner is
imperforate so that the slits do not meet at the point of convergence, but leave a
space between them.
3rd Partitions may be formed in the interior of the burner to divide and the
better direct the gas towards each of the slits.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
Specification which shows some examples of the Invention.
Figure 1 represents a vertical section and plan of a three flame burner consisting
of a hollow nipple provided with three slits c and a cup or shield d the whole
mounted upon the tubular burner a. The three slits through which the gas is
emitted are shown in the plan as well as the crown dividing the slits. The gas
passes up the interior of the burner and meeting the crown x is directed towards
the slits c as indicated by the arrows-Figure 2 shows the same burner slightly
concaved at e for facilitating the emission of the flame Figure 3 also shows the
same burner made slightly concave on its exterior and convex on its interior.
Figure 3B shows the same burner as figure 3 with a spherical cavity. Figure 4
shows a plan and section of the same burner with a point x or arrow head fixed at
the centre of a perforated diaphragm N fitting in the tubular burner.
The arrows show the direction in which the gas passes. Figure 5 shows a
burner having a central conical point on its interior it being otherwise arranged
the same as in figure 1. Figure 6 shows an elevation and plan of a burner having
three pairs of radial slits, with a triangular bar of solid metal a between them.
In this as in the other arrangements the same effects may be obtained either by
slitting the burner itself or by additions made thereto.
The slits may be made of uniform width or diminish in width towards the
centre and they may be made either symmetrical or on a portion only of the
surface of the burner. The improvements may be applied to all kinds of burners
by slitting them in such manner as to retain the central portion of the burner which
is the essential feature of the Invention,
Figure 7 shows the same burner as in figure 6 except that the triangle a is made
separately and fixed in the space a¹. Figure 8 is a plan of another form of slitted
burner.
Figure 9 is a plan of a burner in which the slits gradually diminish in breadth
as they converge towards each other. Figure 10 is a plan of a burner with two

page_text: slits separated at the centre. Figure 10 shows a plan of two so called Manchester
burners in which the same effects may be produced as in the multiple batswing.
burners, that is to say in the one case a triple batswing and in the other a quadruple
batswing & Figure 10B shows in elevation and plan, the improvement applied to
an ordinary batswing burner for obtaining the same effects as those produced by
these multiple flame burners-For this purpose it is sufficient to arrange three or
more slitted nipples in such manner that the flames are radial one wing of each
flame meeting at the centre and the other wings diverging in different directions
the flames being made to assume any form desired. The burners and fittings may
also be made in one piece.
The burner which may either be made of metal or refractory material acts in the
following manner. The nipple whether of spherical or other form and of equal or
unequal thickness is provided with slits so arranged as to impart to the gas current
a rectilinear direction while projecting it at the end of each slit, these projections
of the current being divergent at the sides and convergent above the centre of the
nipple. The slits are made separate one from the other, which prevents their
joining at the centre. The slits may either be double or triple.
The conjunction above the central point of the burner of the flames emitted
therefrom in the form of divergent wings is only obtained by suitably regulating
the pressure of the gas as hereinafter described.
The metallic or other shield d is of a diameter proportionate to the size of
the nipple and curved so as to approximate as near as possible to the form of the
flame.
1st It serves to screen and regulate the current of air induced by the flames and
also to spread the latter which last effect may also be obtained by replacing the
shield by a small horizontal plate or by small straight or curved blades springing
from the origin of the flame.
2nd It serves by its concave form to retain a small volume of heated air which is
continually renewed and supplied to the lower part of the burner.
3rd It serves to superheat the flames at their point of emission and thus con-
siderably augment their lighting power. The shield d may however be dispensed
with.
VARIOUS COMBINATIONS OF MULTIPLE BURNERS FOR OBTAINING INTENSITY
OF LIGHT &º.
Figure 11 represents an arrangement of four burners of which three a, b, c have
two flames, and a central burner d of three flames the flames being shown in dotted
lines. In this manner, a conjunction of flames is obtained at a¹ 61 c¹ reinforced by
the flames from the central burner d.
Figure 12 represents a lighting apparatus formed of six three flame burners a, a
disposed in a circle, the flames meeting as shown. These burners (figures 11
and 12) may either be arranged in a circle or in any other manner so as to radiatë
and combine the flames in such manner as to form an intense luminous focus, fed
by one or more air currents, which can be placed in a lantern of relatively small
dimensions.
Figures 13 and 14 represent the same burner as in figure 1 and following
figures, but enclosed in a double envelope of glass or other transparent material
through which air is caused to circulate for the purpose of becoming heated before
arriving at the burner thus constituting a hot air burner; the lighting power of
the gas being increased according to the degree of incandescence of its carbon. The
small chimney b in figure 13 may be replaced by a metal cap placed on the
line A B. The envelopes shown in figures 13 and 14 which are slightly different
in arrangement both conduce to the same results.
Figure 15 represents an underside plan and section of a nipple having three or
more slits c and provided with division plates b so as to form three or more chambers
for the purpose of imparting increased steadiness to the flame.

page_text: Figure 16 represents a section of a burner having three slits and three
passages b, the latter for the purpose as in the preceding burner of increasing the
intensity of the light by rendering the flames more steady. The same results may
be obtained by combining several batswing burners, as in figure 17 the slits in
which are so arranged that the flames emitted in a radial direction may meet in a
median line. The nipple figure 16 is mounted on a chamber a provided with
means for regulating the supply of gas-As above mentioned, this regulator
combines to ensure the proper action of the burner, viz the conjunction of the
flames at the centre, as without it if on turning the tap, the gas pressure should
cause a greater amount of gas to be supplied than is requisite for the burner, the
radial flames would become divergent and independent and thus lose their
appearance and lighting power.. The regulator consists of a disc d forming a valve
of a diameter slightly less than that of the interior of cylinder said disc being
fixed to the upper end of a tube e at whose lower end is fixed a perforated disc f
of inverted dish form. The cylindrical part g whose edges are flared or otherwise
shaped is provided with several longitudinal slits. Another tube fits in the tube e
to the bottom end of which is fixed a disc f¹ of similar form to ƒ but of larger
diameter and also perforated to correspond to the perforations in f. These tubes
are mounted loosely upon a rod i screwing at its upper end into a central part of
the burner.
The discs ff, are superposed and adjusted in such manner that the latter works
as a piston without friction in the cylindrical part g. The discs being movable can
be turned so as to open or close their orifices.
b
.
The gas enters at the base of the burner as indicated by the arrows and
inpinging against the disc f' lifts the same more or less according to the pressure
passes through the orifices and arrives in the passages 6 through the slits in g. If
the pressure is too great and the delivery at the perforations insufficient, the discs
are raised so as to cause disc d to close the slits in g more or less completely,
thereby regulating the consumption of the burner; thus whatever may be the
pressure of the gas, the consumption always remains the same. This regulator is
applicable to all the burners of this Invention. Figure 18 represents the same
burner as the foregoing without the regulator but provided at the centre with a
small auxiliary or pilot batswing burner o either formed in one therewith or
attached thereto and provided with a separate tap said auxiliary burner not being
in use while the main burners are alight. Figure 18 shows a similar burner but
without the auxiliary burner. The burner figure 18 is mounted on the upper end
of a metal tube a¹ at the centre of which is fixed a smaller tube oll screwing onto
the burner tube o¹. When the tap B is turned on the gas passes in the direction
of the arrows through the holes m in the tap to supply the main flames, and in
turning the tap to extinguish the light the gas passes through the passage n of the
tap to the central passage o¹¹ of the auxiliary burner where it becomes ignited and
forms two flames on a same diameter of batswing form.
י
Figure 19 represents a six slit burner c upon the upper end of a tube a¹ in the
centre of which is another tube branched at o into two parts which enter two
channels corresponding to the slits c¹ in communication at its base with the
orifice n of the tap B figure 18. When the tap is turned on as shown the gas
passes in the direction of the arrows through the orifices m and escapes at the six
slits, while by turning tap B the reverse way the four flames emitted from slits c
are extinguished leaving the flames from slits c¹ of the auxiliary burner alight.
Figure 20 represents a vertical section and plan of a four slit burner, with a small
central batswing burner, which operates in connection with the tap B. On the tap
being turned on, the flames from the four radial slits unite at the centre of the
burner notwithstanding the- auxiliary burner while by reversing the tap the four
radial flames are extinguished and the central flame alone remains alight.
Figure 21 shows several forms of three slit burners provided with an auxiliary
burner having three radial slits the first form represented at A consists of a burner
which when lighted presents the appearance of a six flame burner, the jets of which

page_text: unite at the centre. The second form B, shows the same burner but in which the
slits form a continuation of those of the central burner, with a space between them.
The flames from these slits unite at their ends. The third form C shows the flames
from the central burner as combined with those of the large burner by their
parallel surfaces, or at a certain angle.. These two latter arrangements present the
appearance of a three flame burner.
To obtain a luminous focus of greater intensity, the form shown at D may be
employed which consists in adding to the forms A, B, C, three or more additional
channels concentric therewith. This arrangement is applicable to all of these
improved burners.
.
Figure 22 represents a vertical section and plan of a six slit burner, with a
small central auxiliary jet at the top of the burner. The tap is arranged with
regard to this latter, so that the small jet shall be always alight whatever may be
the position of the tap. The jet being at the centre of the flames serves to complete
their union as well as to augment their lighting power. The small jet is protected
from the wind by an external tube b which is made to rise and fall by the
movement of the tap.
°
Figure 23 represents a burner of the kind hereindescribed, fixed on the upper
end of a stem q which supports a tubular casing R of metal or glass, having three
or more arms corresponding to the number of slits in the burner and serving to
render the flames more rigid. The flames which rise above the top of the envelope,
draw in air and cause it to circulate more rapidly, whereby the flames are less
susceptible to the action of air currents. Moreover the air in passing through the
casing R becomes slightly heated and thus improves the combustion of the flame.
By covering the bottom of the casing with wire gauze, the air passing therethrough
may be still further heated. By introducing between the flames at their point of
junction or centre, a piece of platinum or other metal or a compound of magnesia
or other refractory material, a greatly increased light is obtained. This improve-
ment is applicable to all the burners herein described.
The intensity of the light may also be increased by joining the flames issuing
from a burner having a cross slit and a central stop see figure 6.
The same
result can also be obtained by introducing a stop at the centre of the slit of an
ordinary batswing burner. The length of the slits in the burners may be regulated
by means of a central screw or washer.
Figure 24 represents an arrangement in which the flames from a three slit
burner are conjoined with those of three ordinary batswing burners.
Figure 25 represents one of the above described burners, provided with a
regenerative hot air apparatus. The burner A is enclosed in a hemispherical or
other shaped cup b which supports a bell mouthed cap B having an interior
cylindrical part e whose base fits upon the glass or other cup b, and the upper end
of which is flanged to fit against the cap B. This flange, which is provided with
perforations m, supports a metallic ring n of the same dimensions, also perforated
to correspond to those of the flange. The ring which is adjustable is secured to
the cap by two screw nuts n¹. The cylindrical part e is divided as shown in the
plan into a number of compartments by vertical metal plates e¹ rivetted at the one
end to the part e and at the other to the sides of chimney f. The top of the
chimney is rivetted to the bottom g of the cap which serves as a support for the
same, and at its base is fixed an inverted cap h which as well as the bottom
apertured to correspond to that of the chimney. Above the bottom g is placed a
removable guard to screen the chimney from draughts. The upper part of the
cap forms a draught chimney of suitable length.
The action is as follows:-
is
The burner is fed either from its base or by means of internal or external
channels, the products of combustion passing up through chimney f, into the
draught chimney, creating an air current which is supplied to the burner in the
following manner. The air enters beneath the cap as shown by the arrows,
traverses the flange of cylindrical part e and perforated ring n (the holes in which

page_text: may be opened or closed by turning the ring) and enters the compartments formed
by the plates e' which are heated almost to redness the air in this manner
becoming highly heated before feeding the flame.
These improved radial flame gas burners with a central stop may be made of
any material and in any suitable manner. The following are their principal
advantages. 1st Simplicity economy and convenience. 2nd Capability of being
applied to all kinds of burner fittings, without their needing any alteration.
3rd Capability of using the burners either without globe or lantern. or enclosed by
a globe or lantern of spherical, conical, cylindrical or other form, which by being
heated equally and simultaneously over its entire surface, is thus prevented from
breaking 4th The multiple flames of the burner project the light around the
entire circumference and give no shadow, which is a special advantage for lighting
public streets. 5th An economy of from twenty-five to thirty per cent is obtained
by the conjunction of the flames as their centre and reciprocal heating.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention; and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is:-
1st A gas burner in which the jets are emitted from radial slits or groups of slits
converging to a solid centre by which the connection between the different slits is
interrupted substantially as described, the gas being supplied to said slits or series
of slits through channels or passages which may or may not be rendered independent
of each other,
2nd A gas burner composed of a group of radial slits converging towards an
independent central burner, the multiple and single burners being separately
supplied with gas under the control of a cock by the automatic action of a
regulator, so that either the multiple burners or the single burner only can be
lighted at a time as described.
3rd In combination with a gas burner emitting radial flames or groups of flames
as described the application of an envelope whereby air currents are caused to pass
between the flames near their point of convergence and impinge on or lick the
two surfaces of the flames as described and shown in Figure 23 of the drawings.
.11.5L 3
1000