A New and Improved Method of Making Compressed Foods for Sheep, Cattle, and other Animals.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New and Improved Method of Making Compressed Foods for
Sheep, Cattle, and other Animals.
I, WILLIAM WEBBER of 6 Saltram Place, Citadel Road, Plymouth in the
County of Devon, Secretary of Joint Stock Company, & I ARTHUR CHARLES
BROWN of 123 Redcliffe Street, Bristol, Branch Manager of Joint Stock Company,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In order to feed & fatten cattle & other animals it is a common method to
compress meals of various descriptions, such as oil seeds, oil bearing nuts & other
farinaceous matter singly or in different combinations to suit the particular object
to be obtained, into the form of large cakes of various shapes.
or less
The said cakes however require crushing by separate machinery into smaller &
more suitable sizes before they can be fed to cattle, sheep & other animals, thus
involving extra cost of labor & expense for crushing as well as more
wastage in food in shape of the dust or fine meal arising from the said process of
crushing, and which fine dust is generally left unconsumed by the cattle being fed
and consequently wasted as aforesaid.
These said large cakes are generally made by special machinery, consisting of a
cooking kettle in which the meals as aforesaid are prepared by heat in readiness for
pressing. A charge of the heated meal as aforesaid is then passed on to a metal
plate of the size & shape of the cake required, the said plate being fitted in a
cylindrical, oval or other shaped press box, sufficiently deep to contain a number of
successive charges of meals and plates to form the said large cakes of the required
thickness. The plate is allowed to descend into the press box equal to the thickness
of the material required to make a cake, when the said material is levelled and a
metal plate is placed on the top of the charge of the meal, the two metal or
compressor plates thus having between them a charge of the meal sufficient to
form a large cake of the size shape thickness required. Successive charges of
meal and compressing plates are in this way passed into the press box to form a
number of the large cakes as aforesaid according to the capacity of the press box.
Hydraulic or other power pressure is then applied by which the charges of meal
interlaying between the compressing plates are consolidated into large cakes of the
required size, shape, & thickness as aforesaid.
We are aware that large feeding cakes are made with empanelled plates for
marking divisions on the cake by which it can be more or less readily divided into
sectional parts of the whole, this however necessitates the labor and time required
for separate breaking up by hand and does not provide complete and distinct small
tablets as by our new process, which we now proceed to describe.
By our new & improved method instead of making large cakes as hereinbefore
described of the full size of the press box or compressing plates used, we purpose to
press the meal into small tablets of a convenient and suitable size and shape for
feeding direct to cattle sheep and other animals, so as to save the expense and
labor, as well as the wastage caused by the process of crushing large cakes into
smaller pieces as herein before described. For this purpose we propose using plates
gratings as shown in accompanying drawings using them in conjunction with
the hydraulic or other power presses and cooking apparatus in general use.
and
or
Fig. 1. is a plate of galvanized iron-steel or other suitable material having
carities as shown and marked C, with or without a raised rim as shown and
37

page_text: marked D, around all or any of the said cavities. In this plate the said cavities
are on one side only, so that the inverse side can be made plain, with or without
grooves as shown and marked E. The said grooves are made as may be required
for the purpose of receiving the raised rim D on the obverse side of a corresponding
plate, the said plates being used in conjunction with each other as hereinafter to be
described.
Fig. 1 is a plate substantially the same as Fig. 1, but having the inverse side
empanelled as shown marked F of any suitable design, with or without grooves E,
instead of a plain bottom as aforesaid. This plate however may be embossed on the
inverse side, instead of being empanelled as shown.
Fig. 2 is a plate of galvanized iron-steel or other suitable material substantially
the same as Fig. 1. hereinbefore described but having cavities on both sides with or
without all or any of the rims D and grooves E as aforesaid.
Fig. 2 is an empanelled plate, with or without all or any of the rims D, and
grooves E as herein before described, to be used in conjunction with plate Fig. 2 in
the manner to be hereinafter described.
Fig. 2B is a plain plate with or without all or any of the rims D, and grooves E
as hereinbefore described to be used as may be required in conjunction with plate
Fig. 2 or grating shown on Fig. 3 illustrated on drawings hereunto annexed.
Fig 3. is a grating, with or without all or any of the rims D and grooves E as
herein before described, to be used as may be required in conjunction with any of
the aforesaid plates described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed, and
in such combination as will produce compressed tablets or nuts of cake of the
required size shape and thickness.
The order of the aforesaid rims D, and the aforesaid grooves E, may also be
reversed in all or any of the plates or the grating described and illustrated in the
drawings hereunto annexed. That is to say the plain, embossed, or empanelled
side of the plate may have raised rims instead of grooves, and the cavity side of
the plate may have grooves around the cavities instead of raised rims, marked D
& E respectively, and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed and herein-
before described.
The plates illustrated are drawn to a scale representing the size of the usual
Anglo American press, but our plates may be made of any convenient size and
shape suitable for any presses in general use.
The plates as shown in the drawings hereunto annexed and hereinbefore described
are to be used in conjunction with each other, and in any possible combination
necessary to produce the shape size & thickness of the tablets or nuts of cake
required; as for instance. The plate shown in Fig. 2. may be used in conjunction
with plates shown and illustrated in Fig. 2 in which case the plate Fig. 2ª would
be first placed in position in the press box ready to receive a charge of meal or
ingredients to be compressed. A charge of the aforesaid meal sufficient to form
the thickness required is then passed on to it and levelled off. The plate shown
and illustrated in Fig. 2. would then be placed on top and the whole allowed to
descend into the press box equal to the thickness of material for cake required, and
another charge of meal as aforesaid passed on to it and levelled off. Another
plate as shown Fig. 24 would be placed on top, another charge of meal as aforesaid
would be placed on this again, and the process repeated by alternating plates and
meal as aforesaid until the press box is full and ready to receive the pressure
necessary to consolidate the meal into tablets or nuts as aforesaid. In this same
manner plates of the same pattern may be used in conjunction with each other
or plates of one pattern may be used in conjunction with plates of another
pattern in any combination as aforesaid, as will produce compressed tablets or nuts
of cake of any required shape size and thickness suitable and convenient for
feeding direct to cattle sheep and other animals, without the labour, expense and
wastage of crushing large cakes into smaller pieces under the old process as herein-
before described.
All or any of the plates illustrated and described herein, and in the drawings

page_text: hereunto aunexed either in conjunction with the grating or with each other may be
prepared so as to leave the impress of any required brand mark device or number
on each or any of the tablets or nuts of cake so made.
It will be observed in the drawings that the cavities in plates and grating are
shown in square form, but they may be round, spherical, conical, square or any
regular or irregular angular shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. The improved method of making compressed foods for sheep cattle and other
animals in the form of tablets or nuts of any convenient size shape or thickness for
direct feeding to the said animals, without the necessity of crushing by separate
machinery; by means of the plates and grating substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this Twenty-first day of October 1892.
W. WEBBER,
6, Saltram Place, Citadel Road, Plymouth,
A. C. BROWN,
123, Redcliffe Street, Bristol,
Applicants.