Improvements in Cartridges and in Appliances therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 7th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cartridges and in Appliances therefor.
I, RICHARD MORRIS, of Bennett Park, Blackheath, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
A cartridge case as it is usually made has a lip or flange projecting outwardly at
its base, to be taken hold of by the extractor. This projecting lip involves
additional space in packing in clips, magazines, or boxes, and is liable to escape
prematurely from the extractor. Now according to my invention I make the
cartridge case without any such projecting flange, but with its base recessed, the
wall surrounding the recess being somewhat undercut or inwardly overhanging. To
suit a cartridge of this kind, the bolt of the gun, instead of having its head fitted
with an external spring extractor, has its head made with an internal spring
extractor. When a cartridge is put into the charge chamber and pushed forwards
by the bolt, the extractor, which is latch formed at its end, catches in the under-
cut or overhanging recess of the cartridge case. On drawing back the bolt after
firing, the extractor brings the cartridge case back with it until the bolt reaches a
part of its back stroke where a stud or bulge projecting from the extractor meets
an incline so that the extractor is pressed inwards releasing the cartridge case.
By preference I provide two such extractors, in order to hold the cartridge more
securely. When a miniature cartridge made in this way, it can be secured by
springs like extractors to the stem of the breech piece which is introduced into the
charge chamber. Or notches may be cut across the wall of the recess at the base
of the cartridge, the stem of the breech piece having projecting studs, on which
the miniature cartridge becomes engaged by turning it partly round, in the manner
of a bayonet catch. I prefer to make the breech piece employed for such miniature
cartridges with a base fitting the mouth of the charge chamber and with its stem
of smaller diameter than the charge chamber, so that dirt or grit on the breech piece
cannot damage the interior of the charge chamber. Within the breech piece
I provide a sliding striking rod to convey the blow from the striker to the cap of
the miniature cartridge.
Dated this 7th day of May 1890
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cartridges and in Appliances therefor.
I, RICHARD MORRIS, of Bennett Park, Blackheath, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
A cartridge case as it is usually made has a lip or flange projecting outwardly at
its base to be taken hold of by the extractor. This projecting lip involves
additional space in packing in clips, magazines or boxes, and is liable to escape
prematurely from the extractor. Now according to my invention, I make the
cartridge case without any such projecting flange, but with its base recessed, the
wall surrounding the recess being somewhat undercut or inwardly overhanging. To
suit a cartridge of this kind, the bolt of the gun, instead of having its head fitted with
an external spring extractor, has its head made with an internal spring extractor.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a section of part of the bolt of a rifle

page_text: with a cartridge according to my invention. Figure 2 is a side elevation of the
head of the bolt and Figure 3 is a side view of the cartridge A which, as shewn in
Figure 1 is made with its base recesseil and the edge all round the recess turned in
ns shewn at a. The bolt B has within it preferably a pair of spring extractors C
having their front ends latch shaped to engage in the lipped recess of the cartridge
and have rounded bulges e passing through slots and projecting a little beyond the
surface of the bolt B.
When a cartridge C is put into the charge chamber and pushed forwards by the
holt B, the extractors (catch in the undercut or overhanging recess a of the
cartridge case. On drawing back the bolt B after firing, the extractors bring
the cartridge case back with them until the bolt reaches a part of its back stroke
where the bulges meet inclines in the stock; the extractors are thus pressed
inwards releasing the cartridge case. By preference provide as I have shewn
in the drawings two such extractors in order to hold the cartridge more securely
but obviously a single extractor might be employed. When a miniature cartridge
is made in this way, it can be secured by springs like extractors to the stem of the
breech piece which is introduced into the charge chamber. Or notches may be cut
across the wall of the recess at the base of the cartridge, the stem of the breech
piece having projecting studs, on which the miniature cartridge becomes engaged
by turning it partly round, in the manner of a bayonet catch.
Figure 4 is a side elevation and Figure is part of a longitudinal section of the
breech piere D used with miniature cartridges A of which Figure 0 is a side view
and Figure 7 a longitudinal section. Figure 8 is a view of the end of the cartridge
and Figure 9 is a view of the end of the breech piece D. This end is made with
two projecting dovetail wings d, and two slots are cut through the wall of the
recess at the base of the cartridge, this wall being turued in at a so as to be
undercut. The cartridge being turned so that it slots e face the wings d of the
breech piece, can be pushed on, and being then turned about one quarter round is
held as by a hayonet catch. As shewn in Figures 10 and 11 by making the edge
of the wall of the recess at the base of the cartridge A turned in, not equally all
round, but not turned in at all throughout a considerable part of its circumference,
and having its part a turned in helically, and making the end of the breech piece
as shewn in Figure 12 with one projecting dovetail wing d, the base of the cartridge
can be applied in a canted attitude to the end of the breech piece d so as to get the
wing d to enter under the lip a and then the cartridge being turned partly round,
becomes held firmly to the breech piece D.
I prefer to make the breech piece employed for such miniature cartridges with n
base D Figure 4 fitting the mouth of the charge chamber and with its stem D of
smaller diameter than the charge chamber so that dirt or grit on the breech piece
cannot damage the interior of the charge chamber. Within the breech piece
1 provide a sliding striking rod E to convey the blow from the striker to the
cap of the miniature cartridge as shewn in Figures 1 and 5.
The recess at the base of the cartridge may be undercut to receive the hook
of extractors as shewn at in Figure 13, not by turning in a lip a as shewn in
Figures 1 and 7, but by turning out a circular groove within the recess.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. A. cartridge having its base recessed and the wall of its recess undercut or
lipped so as to overhang inwards so as to engage on the latch ends of extractors or
on projections at the ends of breech pieces, substantially as described.
2. The combination of a cartridge having its base recessed and undercut or lipped
inwardly with the bolt of a rifle and its extractor substantially as described with
reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3.
3. The combination of a cartridge having its base recessed lipped and slotted with
a breech piece having projecting wings arranged to engage in the recess of the

page_text: cartridge as a bayonet catch, substantially as described with reference to Figures 4,
5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
4. In combination with a cartridge having its base recessed and having the lip
of its recess helically turned in a breech piece having a dovetail wing of suitable
5 form to engage in the recess, substantially as described with reference to
Figures 10, 11 and 12.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.