IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Nicholson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th June 1880.
JOHN NICHOLSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO STEAM GENERATORS."
My Invention relates to wet bottom steam generators, or steam generators in
which there is water both above and below the fire place, and has for its object to
obtain rapid and uniform circulation of water in the generator, and increased
generation of steain from a given quantity of fuel. Rapid and uniform circulation
ensures that the water has an equal temperature throughout, and prevents unequal
expansion and contraction of the metal of the shell and other parts. And my said
Invention consists :-
First. In constructing a steam generator having any desired shell form, with ono
or more rows of vertical water tubes communicating with the water in the
generator above and below the furnace or fire place and with horizontal tubes to
conduct the heating gases or products of combustion to the chimney. The said
vertical water tubes are of any desired shape in cross section, round being preferred,
and they pass downwards below the fuel carrier in such manner that the fire bars
surround or are alongside of them.
Second. In constructing or fitting steam generators with the vertical water tubes
above mentioned, and a flue or flues containing vertical or nearly vertical water
tubes. The heated gases and products of combustion pass through the said flue or
flues and play upon the vertical or nearly vertical water tubes.
Third. Steam generators with vertical water tubes passed downwards below the
fire grate, as mentioned under the above first head, are constructed with a flue or
flues containing vertical or nearly vertical water tubes, and also horizontal or
nearly horizontal fire tubes.
Fourth. Steam generators with vertical water tubes passed downwards below
the fire grate are constructed with plates or pieces between the said tubes near the
bottom thereof for deflecting the ashes from between the said tubes, and for
preventing such tubes from being struck by the rake when withdrawing ashes.
Fifth. Strong pieces are fitted between the vertical water tubes flush with tho
top of the fire bars, to serve with said fire bars for carrying the fuel.
Sixth. Rakes for use with steam generators, constructed and fitted as above

page_text: set forth have a wing or guide piece, to prevent injurious action of such rakes
on the said tubes when the tires or ashes are being taken out of the furnace.
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Seventh. A steam generator is constructed with the following parts in
combination: A shell or container of any desired form, the water tubes passed
downwards below the fire grate as mentioned. A circular, oval, elliptical or like
furnace, or fire place, and a flue or flues to convey away the waste gases. One
modification under this part of my Invention has two furnace flues made to unito
within the shell at the back. The single flue is then led forwards still within the
shell, and finally leads upwards to the chimney. Two marine boilers of this
construction can conveniently be used together.
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