IMPROVE- MENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Je'lyman, of Cannock, in the County of
Staffnd, Engineer and Ironfounder, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES."
Sealed the 8th June 1869, and dated the 13th January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Jellyman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th January 1809.
I, SAMUEL JELLYMAN, of Cannock, in the County of Stafford,.
Engineer and Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES," to be.
as follows:-
My Invention consists of mechanism constructed substantially as
herein-after described for working the serrated knives or cutters of
reaping and mowing machines.
Reaping and mowing machines to which my Invention is applicable
consist of a horizontal platform or frame. supported by the road or.

page_text: driving wheel or wheels and a guide bar at right angles to the said
platform, in which guide bar the serrated knife or cutter works. The
said guide bar is supported by a small wheel at its extreme end. The
platform or frame described carries the mechanism for giving the
reciprocating sliding motion to the serrated knife or cutter.
I construct and arrange the parts for working the serrated knife or
cutter from the road or driving wheel (or from one of them when two
are used) of the reaping and mowing machine in the following
manner: The said road or driving wheel supporting the platform or
frame of the machine is provided with an internal toothed or spur
wheel which gears with a pinion on a shaft or axis parallel with the
shaft of the said road wheel. On the end of the axis of the said
pinion is a crank. A connecting rod is jointed at one end to the said
crank, and at its other end to a horizontal sliding bar working in grooves
in the frame or platform of the machine, lateral motion in the bar being
prevented by the shape of the said bar and the grooves in which it
works. The said sliding bar is not straight, its middle part being
inclined to the ends of the bar, that is, the ends of the bar are not
opposite one another, the said ends being joined by the inclined part
described. By the motion of the crank and toothed wheels described a
reciprocating sliding motion is given to the said bar, which motion is
caused to give a reciprocating sliding motion to the serrated knife at
right angles to the said bar in the following way :-The inner end of the
said knife works in a groove in the platform or frame, and is situated
below and crosses the sliding bar described. The said inner end of the
knife carries two antifriction rollers, between which rollers the inclined
part of the sliding bar works, so that on the said sliding bar making
its reciprocating motion the said inclined part acting alternately upon
one or other of the antifriction rollers communicates a reciprocating
sliding motion to the serrated knife or cutter in its guide bar.
Instead of transmitting the motion of the sliding bar by an inclined
part thereof acting on rollers on the knife or cutter, other equivalent
niechanical arrangements may be adopted with the same or nearly the
same effect. For example, the incline described may work in a vertical
instead of a horizontal plane; instead of the toothed gearing described a
hollow cam on the road wheel may be used for conveying the requisite
motion to the bar.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Jellyman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 7th July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
JELLYMAN, of Cannock, in the County of Stafford, Engineer and Iron-
founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Jellyman, Her special
licence that I, the said Samuel Jellyman, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Jellyman, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IS REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Jellyman, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of tho said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Jellyman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of mechanism constructed substantially ag

page_text: herein-after described for working the serrated knives or cutters of
reaping and mowing machines.
Reaping and mowing machines to which my Invention is applicable
consist of a horizontal platform or frame supported by the road or driving
wheel or wheels and a knife or guide bar at right angles to the said
platform, in which guide bar the serrated knife or cutter works. The
said guide bar is supported by a small wheel at its extreme end.
The platform or frame described carries the mechanism for giving the
reciprocating sliding motion to the serrated knife or cutter.
I construct and arrange the parts for working the serrated knife or
cutter from the road or driving wheel or wheels of the reaping and
mowing machine in the following manner:-The said road or driving
wheel supporting the platform or frame of the machine is provided with
an external or internal toothed or spur wheel which gears with a pinion
on a shaft or axis parallel with the shaft of the said road wheel. On the
end of the axis of the said pinion is a crank; a connecting rod is jointed
at one end to the said crank, and at its other end to a horizontal sliding
bar working in grooves in the frame or platform of the machine, lateral
motion in the bar being prevented by the shape of the said bar and
the grooves in which it works. The said sliding bar is not straight, its
middle part being inclined to the ends of the bar, that is, the ends of
the bar are not opposite one another, the said ends being jointed by the
inclined part described. By the motion of the crank and toothed wheels
described a reciprocating sliding motion is given to the said bar, which
motion is caused to give a reciprocating sliding motion to the serrated
knife at right angles to the said bar in the following way:-The inner
end of the said knife works in a groove in the platform or frame, and is
situated below and crosses the sliding bar described. The said inner end
of the knife carries two (or more) antifriction rollers, between which
rollers the inclined part of the sliding bar works, so that on the said
sliding bar making its reciprocating motion the said inclined part acting
alternately upon one or other of the antifriction rollers communicates
a reciprocating motion to the serrated knife or cutter in its guide
bar.
When two driving wheels are used they are situated parallel and on
opposite sides of the frame of the machine, and when the serrated knife
or cutter is worked from both of the said driving wheels the mechanism

page_text: described is duplicated, that is, each side of the frame is provided with
the same mechanical arrangements.
By my improvements great simplicity in the working parts is secured
combined with non-liability to derangement.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figuro 1 represents in plan a reaping machine having one driving
wheel containing my improvements; Figure 2 is an end elevation of the
same; Figure 3 represents a plan (partly in section) of a portion of the
same, the covering plate being removed; Figure 4 is a cross section of
a portion of the machine taken through the line a, Figuro 1; and
Figure 5 is a modification of part of my Invention, as hercin-after
explained. The same letters of reference are employed to indicate the
same parts in each of the Figures of the Drawing.
bis the road or driving wheel; c, the platform or frame of the machine,
and d is the knife or guide bar, situated at right angles to the said
platform c. In or between the upper and lower parts of the said guide
bard the serrated knife or cufter e of the machine works, the said knifo
or cutter having a reciprocating sliding motion given to it in the manner
herein-after described. fis a small wheel at the extreme end of the
guide or knife bar d, by which the latter is supported; is the driver's
seat; and is the sheaf holder or rack turning on the joints at A², the
said sheaf holder being under the control of the driver by means of tho
; arm i, upon which he places his foot when the machine is at work; & is
the dividing or separating bar at the end of the knife guide d. The
height of the platform c carrying the guide bar d and other parts of
the machine is adjusted by means of the screw at t. The parts of the
machine I have just described aro of the ordinary kind and constitute no
part of my Invention.
I will now proceed to describe those parts of the machine which have
for their object the working of the serrated knife or cutter e, and which
said parts are constructed according to my Invention.
On the road or driving wheel is a toothed or spur wheel m which
gears with the pinion n carried by the shaft n parallel with the shaft &
of the road wheel b. On one end of the shaft n³ of the pinion n is a
crank p, to the crank pin of which a connecting rod 2 is jointed. To

page_text: the opposite end of the connecting rod 9 a horizontal sliding bar ris
jointed at 9. This sliding bar works in grooves at ³, r, in the plat-
form c, as best seen in Figure 8, where the covering plate c³ of the
said platform is removed. The bar is provided with an inclined
part, by which the straight ends of the said bar are joined, as scen
in Figure 3. On the inner end of the serrated knife or cutter e of the
machine is a plate or bar & carrying two or more antifriction rollers t, t,
between which rollers the inclined part of the sliding barr works,
that is, the bar or plates of the knife or cutter e is situated below tho
sliding barr and crosses it (see the plan Figure 3 and section Figure 4);
the said bar or plates of the knife or cutter works in a groove # in the
platform c. As the machine travels along on the wheels b and fa
reciprocating sliding motion is given to the bar r, r³, through the toothed
or spur wheel m, pinion n, crank p, and connecting rod q. This motion
of the sliding bar is transmitted to the serrated knife or cutter e at
right angles thereto by the action of the inclined part of the bar r upon
the rollers t, t, that is to say, as the bar r,, makes its reciprocating
motion the inclined part acting alternately upon one or other of the
said rollers t, t, communicates a reciprocating motion to the serrated
kuife or cutter e in its guide bar d, and thereby cuts off the grain
against the serrated edges of the fixed guide bar d in the ordinary way.
The cut off grain is received on the sheaf holder or rack h, and removed
therefrom as occasion may require by the driver lifting his foot from
the arm i. In Figure 1 the serrated knife or cutter e is represented in
the position it occupies when in the act of making its advance stroke,
and in Figure 3 the knife or cutter e is represented in the position it
occupies when about to make its advance stroke. Instead of making
the inclined part of the sliding bar r to act upon rollers on the inner
end of the cutter e the said inclined part of the bar may have a slot
made in it, and a pin on the cutter be made to engage in the said slot.
This modification is represented in Figure 5, where the slot in the
inclined part of the bar r is marked o, and the pin on the end of the
cutter e is marked w. The action of this modification is precisely the
saine as the arrangement first described. The reaping machine may be
provided with two road wheels situated on opposite sides of the frame,
instead of one, as represented in the Drawing, but the mechanism for
working the knife or cutter is the same whether the machine has one
or two road wheels, as herein-before explained.

page_text: In applying my Invention to mowing machines I use two road wheels
situated on opposite sides of the frame of the machine, and I work the
knife or cutter of the mowing machine from one or both of, the said
road whcols in the manner previously described with respect to the
reaping machine. In mowing machines no rack is employed, and the
cutter bar d is hinged to the frame of the machine, so that, the said
cutter bar can be raised or lifted some distance from the ground on the
machine passing over uneven surfaces or for transit.
Having now described the nature my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illus-
trated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of
my Invention; but I claim as my Invention the mechanism herein.
beforo described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing for
working the serrated knives or cutters of reaping and mowing machines
from the road or driving wheel or wheels of the said inmachines,
that is to say, the combination of the spur wheel (whether external
or internal) pinion n, crank p, and connecting, rod q, for giving
reciprocating sliding motion to the bar r,; and the construction and
combination of the said bar r,, and rollers t, t, (or their equivalent)
for transmitting the reciprocating sliding motion of the said bar to the
serrated knife or cutter, substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Jellyman, have hercunto sct.
my hand and scal, this Fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
SAMUEL JELLYMAN. (L.S.)