Improvements in and connected with Oil Spray or Vapour Lamps.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 26th July, 1890-Accepted. 20th Sept.. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Oil Spray or Vapour Lamps.
I, GEORGE ROSE of 70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
:―
This invention has for its object to improve the construction of lamps of that class
wherein oil is burned in the form of spray or vapor for lighting or heating purposes.
My improved lamp is designed for being worked with steam which may be either self
generated or be be supplied from a boiler or with compressed air.
In carrying out my invention which is a further development of my prior inventions
Nos. 1151788 and 1649788 I employ a, preferably, vertical burner which is, by
preference, of annular shape and open at top. On top of this burner, to which oil is
supplied from any suitable source of supply but preferably from an oil tank forming
the base of the lamp, a conical or other lid or cover having a central opening is or
may be placed or fixed. Surrounding the annular oil well burner is a casing which is
so fitted as to leave an annular air supply space between it and the wall of the burner.
This casing has or may have fitted on it a cover perforated with air inlet holes. Or
holos may be made in the side of the casing. To regulate the air supply a register
may be fitted to slide or revolve over the holes. Inside or outside of the conical or
other cover, of the burner is a coil pipe which may be made up of three or more
separate coils connected together in the same manner as the double coil described in
my prior invention No. 1649788 and into which, if the lamp is to be worked with self
generated steam, water, from a water tank forming the base of the lamp or connected
to it, is supplied, and converted into steam by the flame of the lamp which plays upon
the coil. If the lamp is to be worked with steam from a steam boiler, or with com-
pressed air, this coil pipe serves as a superheater. The coil pipe is suitably connected
to a small nozzle situated in the centre or at other convenient part of the annular oil
well. This nozzle may have a sinall cover to protect it from carbonaceous deposits.
The burner arrangement may be mounted on top of a stand pipe supported on the
base tank or tanks or it may sit on an arm or bracket projecting from the tank.
Under a modification, instead of making the oil well in the manner hereinbefore
described it may be made to surround the burner nozzle which would, preferably,
project up through its centre. The nozzle in this arrangement may be duplex, that is
having an outer nozzle for the oil and an inner nozzle for the steam or air, or vice
versa. The duplex nozzle would be preferably made of a solid piece tapered or coned
at top and be screwed or fitted on top of the stand pipe of the lamp which would
consist preferably of an outer oil tube and an inner concentric steam or air tube. A
central tapered or coned hollow would be bored in the nozzle and also a number of
small holes or channels in the solid part surrounding the said central orifice or hollow.
The nozzle would be so screwed on the stand pipe that whilst its outer edge would
screw or fit on the outer enclosing oil tube of the stand pipe, the central orifice or
hollow would screw or fit on to the inner air or steam tube. The top of the air or
steam tube may, where it fits into the nozzle, be tapered or have a nipple fitted on it
which forms the inner nozzle of the duplex arrangement. A branch may be led
from the outer oil tube of the stand pipe to the oil cup or well of the burner and oil
be supplied thereto, or the oil may be supplied, by a bored passage in the nozzle,
direct to the well. Holes may be made in the inner steam or air tube of the stand
pipe for the purpose of regulating the pressure. A circular wick may be placed in
the oil well to act as a permanent flame for relighting the lamp should it go out from
any cause.
In cases where compressed air is used a hollow sphere or ball or its equivalent may
be fitted below the oil well of the burner and into which the compressed air is led

page_text: The heat from the oil well is conducted to the ball or equivalent hollow chamber and
heats it up, thus thoroughly drying the air before its passage to the burner nipple.
Instead of using a ball, the combustion box or chamber of the lamp may have a
double bottom enclosing a space which would form the compressed air chamber.
The combustion box would in this case be filled or partially filled with oil and would
constitute the oil well.
When the compressed air is led to a hollow chamber as aforesaid, a baffle plate or
deflector may be fitted over the air inlet to prevent any water, which may be
carried up with the air, from passing to the burner. The baffle plate may have
holes in it.
The stand tube of the lamp, when working with compressed air, may be fitted in a
solid piece having channels bored in it and secured on top of the oil tank. One of
the channels in the solid piece communicates with the inner air tube of the stand pipe
and with the air space in the oil tank whilst the other channel communicates with the
outer oil tube, and, by a small tube which dips into the oil, with the oil supply. The
compressed air is led from the usual air compressor to the air space in the oil tank.
In connection with the lamp, I provide for the base tanks to rest or sit on, during
frosty weather, a box or frame having, preferably, a pan for holding naphtha or other
oil saturated waste, shavings or the like, which, when lit, would create sufficient. heat
to melt the frozen water or oil and so enable the lamp to be started without trouble.
A small funnel may be fitted to the box for carrying off the products of combustion.
This arrangement of heating box or vessel may be used with any class of lamps
where suitable.
With my improved arrangement of lamp, the oil in the oil well may be lighted and
the vapour thus generated be sprayed by the steam or air issuing from the nozzle; or,
the oil may be sprayed directly from the nozzle or the oil cup, or from both.
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of October 1889.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Oil Spray or Vapour Lamps.
I, GEORGE ROSE, of 70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to improve the construction of lamps of that class
wherein oil is burned in the form of spray or vapour for lighting or heating purposes.
My improved lamp is designed for being worked with steam which may be either self
generated or be supplied from a boiler or with compressed air.
The present invention is a further development of my prior Patents Nos. 1151788
and 1649788.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings whereon-
Fig. 1 is an elevation, showing the tank in section, of the lamp.
Fig. 2, is an enlarged sectional view of the lamp head or burner.
Fig.
3 is an enlarged sectional view of part of the stand pipe.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are vertical sections of different arrangements of lamp head or
burner.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are views showing warming apparatus for heating the oil tank in
cold weather.
Referring to the drawings, whereon the same reference letters wherever repeated
indicate similar or like parts,
A is the oil tank constituting the base of the lamp which has a filling plug B, and
when compressed air is used from an air compressor to work the lamp, as shown at

page_text: Fig. 1, a coupling for a flexible pipe and a stop cock C is fitted on top of the tank.
Screwed preferably in the centre of the tank is a vertical stand tube D shown more
particularly at Figs. 2 and 3. The lower end of this stand tube has a solid piece E
fitted in it which is bored preferably with two channels a, b. Into the channel a is
screwed an oil supply pipe F which dips down into the oil in the tank A as shown at
Fig. 1. The lower end of the pipe F may have a rose on it to prevent sediment
passing up the pipe. Screwed into the other channel b is an air supply pipe G. This
pipe communicates, as will be seen at Fig. 3, with the top part or air space of the
tank A. At its upper end the pipe G screws into a solid piece or plate H forming
the bottom of the lamp head I. The pipe G may be screwed or passed through a
steadying piece J having oil holes or passages c in it as shown at Fig. 2. A tee
piece K may be made to connect the top of the stand tube D and the piece H. The
lamp head, as shown in Fig. 1 may consist of a sheet metal casing L having a double
bottom L, L. The bottom L' which is fitted to the piece H supports the parts L
and L. Fitted in the botton L' is a nipple M. Oil is admitted to the part L' from
the pipe D through the connection N which may have a regulating cock or valve N¹
and a needle valve N2 for keeping the passage free of chokage of carbon, dirt or grit.
The valve N is of the construction described in my prior Patent No. 1151788. The
oil from the pipe N flows into the part L' and collects there, being sprayed by the air
jet issuing from the nipple M. The part L' thus constitutes an oil well or cup. There
is preferably provided an air baffle or deflector which is a simple piece of dished or
flat metal, perforated or not as desired, supported over the top of the air pipe G. The
air from the pipe G after being baffled by the baffle O spreads through the annular
space formed between the parts L1 and L2 and as these parts, when the lamp is
burning, become heated up the air is thoroughly dried or desiccated before passing to
the nipple M to spray the oil and oil vapour in the cup. There may be fitted on top
of the part L a cylindrical piece P (Fig. 1) which is smaller in diameter than the
part L and allows free passage for a downward current of air to pass to the nipple M.
As the part L and the cylinder P become heated by the flame the down current is
heated before reaching the nipple M and so aids in the combustion of the atomized or
sprayed oil. The cylinder P is supported on hangers d.
Instead of using a lamp head constructed as hereinbefore described the head may
be constructed as shown at Fig. 4. In this arrangement L' is the oil well which has
a conically-formed raised part Q at its bottom. Fitted on top of the well L' is a
conical or other cover Q having a central opening Q2 at top. Oil is supplied to the
well L' from the oil tank or other source of supply by means of the pipe N. Surrounding
the oil well L' is a casing R, preferably made of sheet metal and which is of larger
diameter than the oil well, so that there is left an annular space all round the oil well
as shown. The casing R has preferably on its upper or top side, where connected to
the well L, a number of openings e. Over the openings e is fitted a sliding ring f
which is likewise perforated with holes g. The ring which has handles or knobs / for
moving it, acts in the same manner as a register, when being moved in one direction
covering the holes e and when moved back bringing the holes g over the holes e and
so allowing a free air passage to the casing R. Air holes may be made in the side
of the casing R instead of the top and the sliding register may be dispensed with. The
air to spray the oil is conducted by the pipe D¹ from any suitable source of supply and
passes through the coil S before reaching the burner nipple M. The nipple M may
have, as indicated, a small cover m over it to prevent carbonaceous deposits choking
it. Instead of using a coil pipe of the construction shown it may be made of three
or more separate coils connected and coiled together in a similar manner to that
described and shown in my prior Patent No. 1649788. By fixing a casing R to the
lower side of the oil well, as shown, air from the outer atmosphere is supplied through
the openings e and hollow cone Q to the burner nipple to support combustion. The
air supply is also heated by coming in contact with the heated sides of the oil well and
the supply can be also regulated by the register f whilst, when the lamp is being
shifted about any oil splashing over the top of the hollow cone Q passes into the
casing instead of on to the ground or on to any articles over which the lamp may be

page_text: placed. The casing R can be taken off at any time for cleaning purposes. The
arrangement of head shown in this fig. may be supported on top of the tank or may
be supported on a pipe or bracket projecting out from the side of said tank or other
part.
In Fig. 5 a simple form of burner or head for air spray lamps is shown. The burner
consists of an oil cup L¹ which may or may not be supplied with oil through the
opening N. T is a circular wick. Screwed into the tube D is the duplex nipple M
on the outside of which the cup L is screwed. The nipple has a conical air and oil
passage i in it. The air being led to the conical passage from the pipe G screwed into
its under side and the oil passing from the tube D up the elbow shaped channels j.
There may be any desired number of channels although I prefer to use four or five.
The top of the tube G may have a coned piece or nipple, shown dotted, fitted on it or
it may be tapered. When the burner is made as shown the solid piece can be screwed
into the top of both tubes D and G at the same time and the cup be then screwed over
it. The arrangement thus gives every facility for easily taking the parts asunder
and cleaning them and at the same time it is very effective and is easily made.
Fig. 6 shows a modified arrangement of the burner or head, Fig. 2. It simply
consists of a ball U which serves the same purpose as the double bottomed part L', L³,
Fig. 2. The ball is made with a recessed part or cup U₁ at top into which oil to be
sprayed flows from the pipe N. The nipple M is screwed into the web or partition n.
The pipe G, Figs. 2 and 5, is dispensed with. The air from the air supply passes up
the tube D and is baffled at O as it enters the ball chamber U where it is heated and
dried before passing to the nipple M to spray the oil in the cup.
1. The tank A
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show arrangements of heating appliance for warming the tank A
in cold weather and so preventing the oil, and, in the case of self generating lamps,
also the water from freezing. Fig. 7 shows a stand having three legs
is placed on top of the stand. Placed on a shelf p is a dish or saucer q in which naphtha
saturated waste, shavings, etc. is placed and lit so as to generate sufficient heat to warm
the tank A. In Fig. 8 the heater consists of a portable box or casing V which may
contain a small fire. The fire box V has a funnel and handles s at each side for its
removal. In Fig. 9 the heater V is shown with a sliding pan or dish g to be filled
with naphtha waste etc. and fired. The pan may he capable of sliding on angle irons t.
u is the handle for pulling the pan in and out. wo are air inlets.
Although I have described my invention as being worked with compressed air it
may be worked with steam from a steam boiler or it may be made to generate its
own steam for spraying purposes as described in my prior patents aforesaid. In
the latter case two tanks or a tank divided into two compartments one for oil and
the other for water would be used.
With my improved arrangement of lamp, the oil in the oil well may be lighted
and the vapour thus generated be sprayed by the steam or air issuing from the
nozzle or the oil may be sprayed directly from the nozzle or the oil cup or from both.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
.claim is―
1. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the improved lamp com-
prising an oil tank, a double stand tube and a burner having a double bottom
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the annexed
drawings.
2. The burner and its accessory parts, substantially as hereinbefore described and
shown at Fig. 2 of the annexed drawings.
3. The combination with the oil well L' (Fig. 4) of the casing R substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
4. The duplex oil well burner substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at
Fig. 5 of the annexed drawings.
5. The modified hollow ball burner, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown
at Fig. 6 of the annexed drawings.

page_text: 6. The application and use in connection with lamps, of a heating appliance_for
warming the tank or tanks and so preventing the oil or water freezing in cold weather,
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 4th dow of Lul 1800
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.