IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hugo Hartmann, of Greiffenberg, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
MANURE."
Sealed the 1st October 1878, and dated the 17th April 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hugo Hartmann at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1878.
HUGO HARTMANN, of Greiffenberg, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE."
"IMPROVE-
The component parts of my new and improved manure are approximately as
follows:-
:-
1. Bone dust or bone ash
2. Phosphate of lime
3. Caustic lime
-
4. Brown coal, or lignite, or peat
5. Brown coal or peat ash.
6. Clay loam, silicate
7. Gypsum
8. Kainit
9. Carbonate of soda
-
150 parts by weight.
-
315
".
"
"
-
576
"
"
"
- 1,800
"
"
»
999
"
»
"
330 "
»
"
. 1,100
"
"
"
154 29.
">
The carbonate of soda may be advantageously replaced by caustic sodas, which
after use in many branches of industry are thrown away as a refuse. These materials
are finely pulverised, sifted, and carefully mixed in about the above-mentioned
[Price 4d.\

page_text: proportions in the mixing machine or drum, then moistened and evenly saturated
with a sufficient quantity of soda lye to bring them to the form of a thick homo-
geneous pulp, which is then put down in large heaps, which soon undergo a
thorough decomposition. The mass gradually becomes warm, thicker, and plastic,
and in about 14 days is fit to be formed into bricks in a suitable brick-making machine,
and when the bricks thus made have sufficiently dried they are pulverised and the
manure is produced in the form of a somewhat moist dark-coloured powder.
A second way of producing my improved manure is as follows:-The clay, loam,
and silicate being first thoroughly cleansed and without lumps are intimately and
evenly mixed with equally fine slack lime, then formed into bricks and well baked
in kilns, such as are used in the manufacture of ordinary building bricks. These
bricks or baked masses are then ground to a fine powder and thoroughly mixed
with the other fine substances in the mixing machine. A suitable quantity of
natron or soda lye in a strong concentrated state is then sprinkled upon the mass
like a fine rain during the mixing; the product thus obtained is then stored in large
heaps. In this case also an advantageous heating and decomposition very soon
takes place, the component parts act powerfully on each other, and after a few days
the product can be used without the necessity of repeated pulverizations, the com-
plete product presenting itself in the form of a moist dark-colored powder.
As already mentioned the clay may be used together with other minerals, such as
as may be found almost everywhere, for example, basalt, granite, porphyry, gneiss,
felspar, as well as silicate containing alkali.
By the spontaneous combustion of the clay and of the silicate in close admixture
with the lime the silica of the clay is perfectly liberated, and the communication of
the same to the plants for the formation of leaf and stalk thus ensured.
The chemical analysis of the manure will, according to the raw materials used in
its preparation, give on an average the following result:-
Phosphoric acid
Sulphuric acid
Muriatic acid
-
Silicate of alumina
Ulmate
-
Carbonic acid
Lime
Magnesia-
Soda
Potash
Clay, oxide of iron
Substances containing azote
2.10
7.25
-
5.30
-
14.42
-
33.20
-
1.47
12.64
-
1.95
-
4:40
2.70
5.54
0.90

page_text: The mode of producing my manure has for its object to prepare the materials of
the composition for a quick and powerful chemical action, as well as to secure a
satisfactory result by its thorough mixture in concentrated form.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Hugo Hartmann in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th October
1878.
HUGO HARTMANN, of Greiffenberg, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE."
"IMPROVE-
The component parts of my new and improved manure are approximately as
follows:-
1. Bone dust or bone ash
2. Phosphate of lime
3. Caustic lime
-
4. Brown coal, or lignite, or peat
5. Brown coal or peat asli.
6. Clay loam, silicate
7. Gypsum
8. Kainit
-
9. Carbonate of soda
دو
-
150 parts by weight.
315
"
"
"
576
"
"
1,800
"
"
"
999
"
"
330
"
"
"
-
· 1,100
»
13
154 "
"
"
ور
دو
The carbonate of soda may be advantageously replaced by caustic sodas, which
after use in many branches of industry are thrown away as a refuse. These
materials are finely pulverised, sifted, and carefully mixed in about the above-
mentioned proportions in the mixing machine or drum, then moistened and evenly
saturated with a sufficient quantity of soda lye to bring them to the form of a thick
homogeneous pulp, which is then put down in large heaps, which soon undergo a
thorough decomposition. The mass gradually becomes warm, thicker, and plastic,
and in about fourteen days is fit to be formed into bricks in a suitable brick-making
machine, and when the bricks thus made have sufficiently dried they are pulverized,
and the manure, which I term the "ulmat," is produced in the form of a somewhat
moist dark-coloured powder.
A second way of producing my improved manure is as follows:-The clay, loam,
and silicate being first thoroughly cleansed and without lumps are intimately and
evenly mixed with equally fine slack lime, then formed into bricks and well baked
in kilns, such as are used in the manufacture of ordinary building bricks. These
bricks or baked masses are then ground to a fine powder and thoroughly mixed
with the other fine substances in the mixing machine. A suitable quantity of
natron or soda lye in a strong concentrated state is then sprinkled upon the mass

page_text: like a fine rain during the mixing; the product thus obtained is then stored in
large heaps. In this case also an advantageous heating and decomposition very
soon takes place, the component parts act powerfully on each other, and after a few
days the product can be used without the necessity of repeated pulverizations, the
complete product presenting itself in the form of a moist dark-colored powder.
As already mentioned the clay may be used together with other minerals, such
as may be found almost everywhere, for example, basalt, granite, porphyry, gneiss,
felspar, as well as silicate containing alkali.
By the spontaneous combustion of the clay and of the silicate in close admixture
with the line the silica of the clay is perfectly liberated, and the communication of
the same to the plants for the formation of leaf and stalk thus ensured.
The chemical analysis of the nianure will, according to the raw materials used in
its preparation, give on an average the following result :-
Phosphoric acid
Sulphuric acid
Muriatic acid
Silicate of alumina
Ulmate
Carbonic acid
Lime
-
2.10
7.25
-
5.30
- 14.42
33.20
1.47
Magnesia-
Soda
Potash
Clay, oxide of iron
Substances containing azote
Water
-
-
12:64
1.95
4.40
2.70
5.54
0.90
1.
8.13

page_text: process is to produce a sure and permanent effect of the separate substances in
combined action by the altered chemical state of the matters employed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hugo Hartmann, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twentieth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
HUGO HARTMANN. (L.S.)