IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHARPENING SAWS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cook, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SHARPENING SAWS." A communication from abroad by William Landon
Covel, of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, in the United States of
America.
Sealed the 19th January 1877, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
and dated the 15th July 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cook at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th July 1876.
"IM-
SAMUEL COOK, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHARPENING SAWS." A communication from
abroad by William Landon Covel, of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, in
the United States of America.
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for sharpening
saws. For this purpose the saw is supported with capability of adjustment in
mechanism acted upon by suitable connections to carry the saw tooth by tooth up
to or past the sharpening wheel or cutter. The sharpening wheel or cutter is
mounted upon an axis, which by means of a strap or band receives rotary motion
from the main or driving shaft. The sharpening wheel or cutter is preferably
formed of emery or has an emery cutting edge applied thereto, and the axis of this
wheel is mounted at one end in a segmental piece to enable the wheel to be
adjusted readily to the different angles required for the saw teeth, the centre of
the wheel being that from which the segment is struck.
On an axis receiving rotary motion by means of gearing from the main shaft is
fixed a crank, which is connected to a lever which operates the saw to raise it up
to the cutting wheel and lower it down therefrom as each tooth is being sharpened,
and I fix on such secondary shaft a cam or former shaped according to the shape
of tooth I desire to act upon or sharpen. This cam or former is adjustable on its
axis and acts upon a lever mounted upon an axis, which by means of suitable levers
and connections gives the necessary motion to a lever to carry the saw in the
direction desired, and at the same time by means of a "dog" acting upon the saw
Pasise C21

page_text: teeth feeds the saw forward tooth by tooth, so that as the saw rises to the emery
wheel the front of the tooth is acted upon, and as it recedes it is racked by the
feed dog so as to cause the emery wheel to pass up the back of the next tooth.
For sharpening straight saws the saw is fixed in a slide or holder which takes
the place of the revolving axis used for holding the circular saw, as previously
described, the operations in this case being the same as for the round saw, with the
exception that the saw is carried by its slide or holder in a horizontal direction
instead of a circular one, and that the feed is arranged so that every alternate tooth
only shall be sharpened, and when the slide has finished its traverse the emery wheel
is carried over to the other side at the same angle, and the machine being again
set in motion the teeth, omitted to be sharpened in the first time of passing through,
are acted upon and sharpened at the opposite angle to the others.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent and
af an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Samuel Cook in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd January 1877.
SAMUEL COOK, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHARPENING SAWS." A communication from abroad
by William Landon Covel, of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, in the
United States of America.
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for sharpening
saws. For this purpose the circular saw is supported with capability of adjustment
on a cross frame and is acted upon by a rod or catch which pushes the saw tooth
by tooth up to or past an emery wheel or cutter, which is mounted in bearings
and is driven by a band or strap from the main or driving shaft. The sharpening
wheel or cutter is formed of emery or has an emery cutting edge applied thereto,
and the axis of this wheel is mounted in bearings held by a bolt and nut on a
segmental piece to enable the wheel to be adjusted readily to the different angles
required for the saw, the centre of the emery wheel being that from which the
segment is struck.
On a cross shaft, having on it a worm wheel receiving motion by means of a worm
fixed on the driving shaft, I fix a crank which is connected to a lever which acts
on a double lever and chain fixed to the cross frame, which carries the saw to and
from the emery wheel as each tooth is being sharpened, and I fix on the same shaft
at the other side of the machine a cam shaped according to the shape of the saw
tooth I desire to sharpen. This cam is adjustable it being placed on a plate fixed on a
shaft and acts upon a lever placed on a stud which is connected by a rod to another
lever fixed on a shaft which goes across to the other side of the machine, which as
the cam goes round gives the necessary motion to the rod or catch to carry the
saw in the direction desired, and by this means the saw teeth are fed tooth by tooth
so that as the cross frame carrying the saw rises to the emery wheel the front of
the tooth is acted upon, and as it recedes it is racked by the feed rod or catch so
as to cause the emery wheel to pass up the back of the next tooth.
For sharpening straight saws the saw is fixed in a slide or holder which is placed
on the cross frame, the operations in this case being the saine as for the round saw
with the exception that the saw is carried by its slide or holder in a horizontal
direction instead of a circular one, and that the feed is arranged so that every
alternate tooth only shall be sharpened, and when the slide has finished its traverse
the emery wheel is carried over to the other side at the same angle, and the machine
being again set in motion the teeth omitted to be sharpened in the first time of
passing through are acted upon and sharpened at the opposite angle to the others.
The manner in which this Invention is to be performed will be clearly under-

page_text: stood by the following particular description thereof, reference being had to the
figures and letters on the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings in which,
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a side clevation of the left hand side of the machine.
Fig. 2, Sheet 1, is a side elevation of the right hand side of the machine.
Fig. 3, Sheet 1, shews the mode or method of placing or holding the circular saw
while it is being sharpened.
Fig. 1, Sheet 2, is a part plan of the emery wheel and the segmental part for
adjusting the emery wheel to different angles.
Fig. 2, Sheet 2, shews the method of driving the emery wheel.
Fig. 3, Sheet 2, a side view of the slide and holder for holding straight saws.
Fig. 4, Sheet 2, an end view; and Fig. 5 a plan of the same.
In the various Figs. a represents the framework of the machine; b, the driving
shaft; c, d, the fast and loose pulleys; e, the circular saw supported with capability
of adjustment on the cross frame f, and acted upon by a rod or catch g, which
pushes the saw tooth by tooth up to or past the emery wheel or cutter h, which is
mounted in bearings i, and is driven by a band or strap j from the main driving
shaft b. The sharpening wheel or cutter is formed of emery or has an emery
cutting edge applied thereto, and its axis is mounted in bearings i held by a bolt
and nut on to a segmental piece to enable the emery wheel to be adjusted
readily to the different angles required for the teeth of the saw, the centre of the
wheel being that from which the segment is struck, as seen in Fig. 1, Sheet 2,
On a cross shaft m, having on it a worm wheel n receiving motion by means of
a worm o fixed on the driving shaft b, I fix a crank p which is connected to a
rod q, connected to a double lever 2, jointed in the middle to the sliding rod or
screw 8, which by turning the handle at the top regulates the height of the cross
frame for the different sizes of saws to be sharpened, the other end being held
by a rod t fixed to the bracket w on the framework of the machine, and as the
crank p rises it draws the rod q, the double lever 1, and the sliding rod or screw 8,
on which the box x and cross frame fare fixed. To the box x is fastened a chain y
passing under the pulley and over the pulley a¹ to the other end of the cross
frame f, and causes the saw to bear against the emery wheel has each tooth is
being sharpened, there being on the shaft m at the other side of the machine a
cam b' shaped according to the shape of the saw tooth it is desired to sharpen..
This cam is adjustable, it being placed on the plate c¹ on the shaft m, and acts upon
the small pulley on the lever placed on the stud e¹, which is connected by the
rod f' to the lever g' on the shaft which goes across to the other side of the
machine, which as the cam b¹ goes round gives the necessary motion to the lever i¹
carrying the rod or catch g which pushes the saw in a forward direction, and by
this means the saw teeth are fed tooth by tooth, so that as the cross frame f
carrying the saw rises to the emery wheel, the front of the tooth is acted upon,
and as it recedes it is racked by the feed rod or catch g, so as to cause the emery
wheel h to pass up the back of the next tooth. And when placing on a a fresh saw
it is not necessary to stop the machine, for the cross shaft m carrying the worm
wheel is fitted in bearings in the long lever 1, so that when the handle is
lifted up it causes the worm wheel n to be out of gear with the worm o on the
driving shaft.
Although I have here described the circular saw as being sharpened tooth by
tooth, still I can when desired alter the feed so that every alternate tooth only
shall be acted upon, in which case the angle of the emery wheel would be altered
so as to act on the teeth first omitted to be acted upon at the opposite angle to the
others.
Fig. 3, Sheet 1, shews the mode or method of holding the circular saw on the
cross frame f. The saw is placed upon the threaded rod a³ and centred by the
cone b², pressing against the hollow disc c which is held firmly in its place by the
hand nuts e, f, which act as lock nuts; the threaded rod a is made adjustable in
the cross frame f by hand nut g³.
Figs. 3, 4, and 5, shew the method of holding the straight saw while being

page_text: sharpened, the part a is fixed to the cross frame f and is dovetailed on its edges,
as shewn in Fig. 4, Sheet 2, on which is fitted the slide or carriage b, so that it will
slide forwards and backwards; and the method of holding the saw on the slide or
carriage b while being sharpened, the saw c is held in position on the slide or
carriage b, and held by thumb screws & through the brackets e, the saw being
levelled the by thumbscrews e¹. The operations in this case being the same as for the
circular saw, with the exception that the saw is carried by its slide or holder in a
horizontal direction instead of a circular one, and that the feed is arranged so that
every alternate tooth only shall be sharpened, and when the slide has finished
its traverse the emery wheel is carried over to the other side at the same angle,
and the machine being again set in motion the teeth omitted to be sharpened in
the first time of passing through are acted upon and sharpened at the opposite
angle to the others.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I
claim,―
First. The forming or, shaping of the teeth with a cam or eccentric, as shewn
and described.
Secondly. The carrying up of the saw to the emery wheel to be sharpened.
Thirdly. The combination of the feed rod or catch g and mode of actuating the
same, as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, as and for the purposes described.
Fourthly. The combination of the cross fraine f, sliding box x, and regulating
rod or screw s, for the purpose of adjusting the position of the saw to be sharpened,
as shewn and described.
Fifthly. The arrangement of parts, shewn and described, for enabling the teeth
of straight or mill saws to be sharpened automatically.
And, Sixthly. The general arrangement of machinery or apparatus, as herein
described and illustrated, for automatically sharpening the teeth of saws.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cook, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered,
by the within-named Samuel
Cook, in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
SAMUEL COOK. (L.S.)