IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTING OR DISTRIBUTING LIGHT AND APPARATUS THEREFOR"
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Ludwig August Baatsch of Upper Clapton, in the
county of Middlesex, Civil Engineer for an Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS
IN LIGHTING OR DISTRIBUTING LIGHT AND APPARATUS THEREFOR"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Ludwig August
Baatsch at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December
1882.
CARL LUDWIG AUGUST BAATSCH of Upper Clapton, in the county of Middlesex,
5-Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTING OR DISTRIBUTING LIGHT. AND
APPARATUS THEREFOR
{
:
"
-
This invention relates to a new or improved method of and apparatus for
distributing the light from any suitable source the improvements having for object
to counteract the dangers arising not only from the heat produced by the ordinary
0 method of lighting but also from electricity in case; of defective insulation of t the
wires where electricity is employed.
"
A suitable arrangement for carrying out my invention is as follows:
The light to be distributed is generated or placed in a safe, position inside or
outside the building or place to be illuminated and I transmit such light by
5-reflection to the place where it is required by means of a suitable arrangement
such as a spherical mirror so arranged that its principal axis shall be in one line
with the axis of a tube which I call the propagation tube. The inside of this tube
is polished or otherwise so as to render.it reflecting; or if of glass the outside is
silvered or blackened. The luminous, body, the light from which is to be
0 distributed, is placed between the spherical mirror, and the mouth of the tube so
that the rays of light pass into it and travel either direct or by reflection, through
the tube into a disperser at the other end of the tube. If it is required to
deviate from a straight line I bend the tube according to the rules of catoptrics or
I use prisms.
5
If large lights such as electric arc lights are to be divided or distributed I
surround them with a globe the inside of which is polished; in this globe I insert
as many tubes as lights are required.
Places such as corridors or long rooms can be lighted by slits in the tubes
without requiring a disperser.
0 The disperser may consist of a suitable lens or a glass globe filled with water..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Carl Ludwig August Baatsch in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th June 1883.
CARL LUDWIG AUGUST BAATSCH of Upper Clapton in the county of Middlesex
Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTING OR DISTRIBUTING LIGHT AND
APPARATUS THEREFOR
"
This invention relates to a new or improved method of and apparatus for
conveying and distributing the light from any suitable source the improvements
having for object to counteract the various dangers and inconveniences arising not
only from the beat produced by the ordinary method of lighting but also from
electricity in case of defective insulation of the wires where electricity is employed.
By my improved method of distribution practically the whole of the light is made
available.
A suitable arrangement for carrying out my invention is as follows:-
The light to be conveyed and distributed is generated or placed in a safe position
inside or outside the building or place to be. illuminated and I transmit such light
by reflection to the place where it is required by means of a suitable arrangement
such as a spherical mirror so arranged that its principal axis shall be in one line
with the axis of a tube which I call the propagation tube. The inside of this tube
,is polished or otherwise so as to render it reflecting; or if of glass the outside is
silvered or blackened. The luminous body, the light from which is to be
distributed, is placed between the spherical mirror and the mouth of the tube so
that the rays of light pass into it and travel either direct or by reflection, through
the tube into a disperser at the other end of the tube. If it is required to
deviate from a straight line I bend the tube according to the rules of catoptrics or
I use prisms.
"
.
11
If large lights such as electric arc lights are to be divided or distributed I
surround them with a globe the inside of which is polished; in this globe I insert
as many tubes as lights are required..
.9
11
Places such as corridors or long rooms can be lighted by slits in the tubes without
requiring a disperser.
3
The disperser may consist of a suitable lens or a glass globe filled with water or
a suitable combination of reflectors.
In carrying out my invention it is to be remarked that the propagation tubes
may be of any suitable section as long as they are catoptric; they may be
cylindrical, square, hexagonal or ornamentally fluted to serve as cornices in
buildings. In the polishing or preparing of the reflecting surfaces I prefer that
they should be polished or prepared longitudinally and in straight lines running
parallel with the axis of the tube.
Each tube is placed in such position that its axis points towards the centre of
the luminous body the rays from which enter the tube parallel with the axis or
form an obtuse angle of incidence with the sides thereof.
The following combination of propagating tubes and spherical mirrors is given
as one illustration of the principle of my invention for economising light and
utilizing all or nearly all rays and directing them to the places to be illuminated.
If the luminous body be placed in the centre of an imaginary cube and all six
sides of such cube be replaced by as many tubes, the section of which is the same
as the side of the cube, with their axes crossing the centre the light of the
luminous body will be equally divided and propagated in six different directions
and by means of a spherical mirror the rays received by any one of the tubes can
L

page_text: be with little loss reflected into the tube immediately opposite thereto and in the
same line therewith. In this way the light originally distributed in six directions
can be made to travel in three directions only. By catoptrically bending the tubes
all three directions can be formed into one.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will now describe the
same by reference to the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1, is a diagram shewing one arrangement suitable for distributing light
from a central luminous body according to my invention.
c, b, f, h, is the imaginary cube in the centre of which the light g, to be
distributed is placed, the sides b, f, and c, h, have been replaced by tubes b, d, e f,
and c, d, a, b, the latter of which is bent so that the two tubes form one tube from
the point a.
The opposite sides ch, and h, f, of the cube have been replaced by
spherical mirrors the focus of which is at g. The dotted lines represent rays of
light emanating from g, and the arrowheads indicate their direction.
Figure 2, shews another arrangement suitable for the same purpose. It consists
of a single propagation tube a, b, c, d, which is conically widened at one end and
faces a spherical mirror e, f, in the focus of which the light g, is placed. In the
plane of the focus g, rectangularly with the principal axis the annular prism h, h,
is placed which reflects the rays from g, into the tube parallel with its axis.
The dotted lines illustrate the rays of light and their reflection in the direction
of the arrowheads.
Having thus described my said invention and suitable means of carrying the
same into effect I would have it understood that what I claim is:-
The method herein described of conveying and distributing light from any
suitable source by the employment of a combination of tubes, mirrors, lenses or
prisms, substantially as herein before set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said Carl Ludwig August Baatsch have hereto
set my band and seal this fourteenth day of June in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty three
AT