CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST- IRON PIPES, AND OTHER IRON CASTINGS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HARRISON, Manager of the Coed Talon and Leeswood Iron Works, Flint-
shire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourteenth
day of March, in the seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her
heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles Harrison,
Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said Charles Harrison, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Charles Harrison, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-
IRON PIPES, AND OTHER IRON CASTINGS;" in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso, that I, the said Charles Harrison, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said Charles Harrison, do hereby declare that the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to a mode of forming what are called loam or sand
moulds when making cast-iron pipes or other circular castings of iron, whereby
the same mould may be used in obtaining several castings, by which means not
only is much labour saved, but the pipes and other circular castings of iron so
made are of a superior character to what are cast in ordinary loam or sand
moulds when the mould is broken up after making one casting therefrom; and
in order that my Invention may be most fully understood, and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
I form two hollow half shells of cast iron of a size according to the size of
the pipes for various uses, or other circular castings of iron suitable for pillars
and other purposes.
These half shells are formed with a series of holes
through them, and have numerous short spikes or small projections on the
inner surfaces. Figure 1 shows the two half shells a, a, combined by eye bolts
and keys or cotters at 6, 6; Figure 2 is the larger end view of the two half
shells a, and Figure 3 is the smaller end view of the same, the parts being in
a condition to receive the melted iron. Figure 4 shows one of the half shells
separately after the loam or sand mould has been formed therein; Figure 5 is
an edge view, and Figure 6 is a plan of what I call the sweep board, which is
in fact to be a profile of the exterior surface of the intended pipe or other cir-
cular casting of iron, there being necks or axes c, c, formed or affixed at the
ends thereof, which, when forming the loam or sand mould in the half shells a, a,
move in the hollow bearings at d, d, at the ends of the two half shells. The
workman when making a loam or sand mould uses those materials in a damp
state, and of the ordinary kind, and he plasters the loam with his hands on the
interior of the half shells, and then by means of the sweep board or profile he
causes the interior of the mould to take the correct form by moving the sweep
board on its axis within a half shell; and when the interior of the mould is
thus completed with care, the same is to be dried in an oven, such as is used
when making dry cores; and when the mould is dried the upper edges are
carefully removed, so that when the two halves of the mould come together
they shall make a good joint. An ordinary dry core is then placed in the

page_text: lower half shell, as shown at Figure 7, and the upper half shell is then placed
on to the lower one, and the two are fixed together by means of bolts and keys
or cotters, as shown at Figure 1; a "runner" or "git" is then formed at e; the
casting may then be made. After the casting has been removed, the two parts
of the mould are to be examined, and if injured in any part or parts, they are
to be repaired by the workman, and then blacked over again and dried, and a
fresh core is to be placed therein, and another casting made, and so on as long
as the mould lasts.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I would wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details above described when making the half shells
for the moulds, provided the peculiar character of the Invention be retained;
and it will be evident that the sweep board or profile used in each case will
vary according to the outer form intended to be given to the pipe or other
circular casting of iron to be made. But what I claim is, the mode herein
described of manufacturing cast-iron pipes and other circular castings of iron
by applying moulds of loam or sand formed in two shells, and dried therein.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Harrison, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
(15.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twelfth day of September, in
the
year
of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid Charles Harrison came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.