Process of Rolling Tubes Step by Step.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 25th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 30 h May, 1895
MAN
MANN, both of Remscheid, Bliedinghausen, in the Empire of Germany,
Engineers.]
Process of Rolling Tubes Step by Step.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of rolling tubes on
mandrils by a step by step movement of the work relatively to the rolls, as
described in the Specifications of Patents Nos. 3371 and 4050 of 1891.
With the object of rolling the work with the least possible expenditure of.
power, and with the smallest possible pressure between the rollers and the mandril,
or with the least possible transverse extension of the material when rolling it out
longitudinally, or of completing as great a length as possible of the tube at each
pass of the rolls, there are employed rolls formed with a steep conical portion or
with a short portion of increasing radius. This increasing portion in acting upon
the work, serves to squeeze a certain amount of material from off the cylindrical
but still rough portion of the work, and then bearing upon or against the shoulder
thus produced as an abutment, or taking into the contracted portion, serves to
drive a wave of material in front of it, this wave travelling from the large end of
the cone down towards its smail end, and thus preventing the steep cone of the
work from slipping.
When the bite of the rolls upon the work is such as not to produce a proper
wave of material, or when the bite is too weak, then these steep portions of the
rolls will slip down along the work without effecting its rolling.
If the wave of material is somewhat larger, then a sliding or slipping and a
rolling movement of the rolls may take place simultaneously along the conical
portion of the work. But when the wave of material is of sufficient depth, then
chiefly a squeezing pressure and rolling motion takes place.
Instead of the steep cone on the rolls, there may also be employed rolls which
impress themselves with one or more sharp or rounded edges into the work, with
the same result, of squeezing off a certain amount of material and thereby driving
a wave of material along in front of them.
If a number of edges are situated close together behind one another, the cone
will be steep.
But the edges may be arranged farther apart from one another, in which case
the conical portion of the work will have a greater length.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the working parts of two co-operating rolls,
the work and mandril being situated between them in the position which they
occupy just after the periodical bite of the rolls upon the work. Fig. 2 is a
similar vertical section showing the rolls after they have rotated somewhat farther.
a a are the rolls; r is the work; d is the mandril.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the rolls a a of Fig. 2. The work with
mandril d is shewn in section between the rolls a a.
The rolls have each two bulges or enlarged working portions a' a³ a³ which are

page_text: preferably similar to each other, and act to press the work upon the mandril and
to draw out the work by means of the pressure between the rollers and the
mandril.
Between the portions a³ and a¹ there are formed in the periphery of the rolls,
recesses which release the work when they come opposite to each other.
The working portions of the rolls consist of two parts; from a² to a³ the base
lines of which are circular arcs concentric with the axes of the rolls; from a¹ to a²
there is a short enlargement of the working portion, or a steep cone.
The rounded bulge of this enlargement from a¹ to a², or the steep cone or conoid,
acts in Fig. 1, to impress itself into the work r, and to squeeze off a short piece of
the material, and thus produce a wave of material which is caused by the
rolling or rotation of the rolls a to travel along the mandril d.
As shewn in Fig. 2 the working portion of the roll which is concentric with the
axis draws out this wave, and smooths the tube on the mandril.
Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections through the working portions of the rolls
similar to Figs. 1 and 2.
Instead of the short enlargement of the working portion, or of the steep nipping
cone a¹ to a³, the rolls have in this case, slightly rounded edges k¹ and k² which
in press themselves into the work.
In Fig. 4 the first edge
is shewn as it impresses itself into the work, whilst in
Fig. 5, the rolls are shewn as having rotated farther allowing the edge k² to
impress itself in the work.
The number of working edges on each working portion of the rolls may be one,
two, or more, and these edges may be sharp or rounded.
In the rolls shewn in Figs. 4 and 5 the main contour of the working portion
from tok is a circular arc concentric with the axis.
Each roll may have two working places on one and the same working portion,
as shewn in the figures; or there may be only one working place, in which case
the concentric working portion is generally made longer. But in the case of rolls
of large diameter, there may be three or more working places provided on each
periphery, although that is not advisable.
It is to be understood that in the method herein described, the concentric
portions of the working portions of the rolls have not only to effect the smoothing
and evening of the tube, but also to effect a considerable part of the work of
drawing it out.
Dated this 26th day of July 1895.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of rolling tubes on
mandrils by a step by step movement of the work relatively to the rolls as
described in the Specifications of Patents No. 3371 of 1891 and No. 4050 of 1891.
With the object of rolling the work with the least possible expenditure of
power, and with the smallest possible pressure between the rollers and the
mandrel, or with the least possible transverse extension of the material when
rolling it out longitudinally, or of completing as great a length as possible of the
tube at each pass of the rolls, there are employed rolls formed with a steep

page_text: conical portion or with a short portion of increasing radius. This increasing
portion in acting upon the work, serves to squeeze a certain amount of material
from off the cylindrical but still rough portion of the work, and then bearing
upon or against the shoulder thus produced as an abutment, or taking into the
contracted portion, serves to drive a wave of material in front of it, this wave
travelling from the large end of the cone down towards its small end, and thus
preventing the steep cone of the work from slipping.
When the bite of the rolls upon the work is such as not to produce a proper
wave of material, or when the bite is too weak, then these steep portions of the
rolls slip down along the work without effecting its rolling.
If the wave of material is somewhat larger, then a sliding or slipping and a
rolling movement of the rolls may take place simultaneously along the conical
portion of the work. But when the wave of material is of sufficient depth, then
chiefly a squeezing pressure and rolling motion take place.
Instead of the steep cone on the rolls, there may also be employed rolls which
impress themselves with one or more sharp or rounded edges into the work, with
the same result, of squeezing off a certain amount of material and thereby driving
a wave of material along in front of them.
When a number of edges are situated close together behind one another, the
cone is steep. But the edges may be arranged farther apart from one another,
in which case the conical portion of the work has a greater length.
Referring to the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the working parts of two co-operating roll,
the work and mandril being situated between them in the position which they
occupy just after the periodical bite of the rolls upon the work. Fig. 2 is a
similar vertical section shewing the rolls after they have rotated somewhat farther.
a a are the rolls; r is the work; d is the mandril.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the rolls a a of Fig. 2. The work r with mandril d
is shewn in section between the rolls a a.
The rolls have each two bulges or enlarged working portions a¹ a² a³ which are
preferably similar to each other, and act to press the work upon the mandril
and to draw out the work by means of the pressure between the rollers and the
mandril.
Between the portions a³ and a' there are formed in the periphery of the rolls,
recesses which release the work when they come opposite to each other.
The working portions of the rolls consist of two parts; from a to a³ the base
lines of which are circular arcs concentric with the axes of the rolls; from a¹ to a
there is a short enlargement of the working portion, or a steep cone.
The rounded bulge of this enlargement from a¹ to a³, or the steep cone or
conoid, acts in Fig. 1, to impress itself into the work r, and to squeeze off a short piece
of the material, and thus produce a wave w of material which is caused by the
rolling or rotation of the rolls a to travel along the mandril d.
As shown in Fig. 2 the working portion of the roll which is concentric with
the axis draws out this wave, and smooths the tube on the mandril.
Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections through the working portions of the rolls
similar to Figs. 1 and 2.
Instead of the short enlargement of the working portion, or of the steep nipping
cone a¹ to a³, the rolls have in this case, slightly rounded edges k¹ and k² which
impress themselves into the work.
In Fig. 4 the first edge is shewn as it impresses itself into the work, whilst
in Fig. 5, the rolls are shewn as having rotated farther allowing the edge k² to
impress itself in the work.
The number of working edges on each working portion of the rolls may be one,
two, or more, and these edges may be sharp or rounded.
In the rolls shewn in Figs. 4 and 5 the main contour of the working portion
from kto k is a circular are concentric with the axis.
Each roll may have two working places on one and the same working portion,

page_text: as shewn in the figures; or there may be only one working place, in which case
the concentric working portion is generally made longer. But in the case of rolls
of large diameter, there may be three or more working places provided on each
periphery, although that is not advisable.
It is to be understood that in the method herein described, the concentric
portions of the working portions of the rolls have not only to effect the smoothing
and evening of the tube, but also to effect a considerable part of the work of
drawing it out.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The herein described process of step by step rolling of a tube on a mandril,
wherein cam portions of the rollers impress the work, so as to form and push
onwards a wave of the metal which is smoothed down by the cylindrical portions
of the rolls.
Dand his with d... of Amil 1004
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.