IMPROVEMENTS IN TWIST LACE MACHINES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Rodgers Samuels, of Nottingham, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TWIST LACE MACHINES."
Sealed the 16th August 1859, and dated the 23rd February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Rodgers Samuels
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd February 1859.
I, SAMUEL RODGERS SAMUELS, of Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TWIST LACE MACHINES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in twist lace machines. For
these purposes, in order to be enabled to get a larger number of warp bars
between the ends of the bolts or combs, than could heretofore be used
in twist lace machines, by reason of the comparatively small space between
the ends of the front and back combs or bolts, twist lace machines are
constructed according to my Invention in such manner that the front and
back combs or bolts may be moved to and from each other, and the warp bars
are placed between the inner ends of the combs or bolts, and they are applied
in such manner that when the combs or bolts are at their greatest distance
apart, the warp bars are sufficiently separate to admit of their shogging or
moving endwise freely, in order that their warp threads may be brought to the
required positions, to produce in combination with their bobbin threads the
pattern of twist face desired, whether the same be in breadths or all across

page_text: the machine. When the carriages are required to pass from the front to the
back, or from the back to the front combs or bolts, such bolts or combs are
caused to come nearer together, and the warp bars are pressed together as the
combs or bolts come towards each other, at which time the warp bars will
occupy a less space than would admit of their shogging or moving freely
endwise:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of. the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Rodgers Samuels in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd August 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
RODGERS SAMUELS, of Nottingham, send greeting.
'
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent; bearing date the Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Samuel Rodgers Samuels, Her special licence, that I, the said Samuel
Rodgers: Samuels, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other's as
I, the said Samuel Rodger Samuels, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should-and lawfully might
make; use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TWIST LACE MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Samuel Rodgers Samuels, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed
and rcause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Rodgers Samuels, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in twist lace machines.
For these purposes, in order to be enabled to get a larger number of warp

page_text: bars between the ends of the bolts or combs than could heretofore be used in
twist lace machines, by reason of the comparatively small space between the
ends of the front and back combs or bolts, twist lace machines are constructed
according to my Invention in such manner that the front and back combs or
bolts may be moved to and from each other, and the warp bars are placed
between the inner ends of the combs or bolts, and they are applied in such
manner that when the combs or bolts are at their greatest distance apart, the
warp bars are sufficiently separate to admit of their shogging or moving
endwise freely, in order that their warp threads may be brought to the
required positions, to produce, in combination with their bobbin threads, the
pattern of twist lace desired, whether. the same be in breadths or all across the
machine. When the carriages are required to pass from the front to the
back, or from the back to the front combs or bolts, such bolts or combs are
caused to come nearer together, and the warp bars are pressed together as the
combs or bolts come towards each other, at which time the warp bars will
occupy a less space than would admit of their shogging or moving freely
endwise.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention I will procced more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same. The object, as above
explained, is to obtain more space between the ends of the combs or bolts for
receiving and working warp bars, by causing the comb or bolt bars to move
from and to each other. The distance apart of the ends of the combs or bolts
will depend on the width of carriages used, and the carriages used should be
of such width that when in the middle position they should be partly in both
the front and the back combs. The two comb bars are to be arranged in
such manner, that they may each move away from the warp threads a short
distance, immediately before the shogging of the warp bars. I have found it
convenient that they should each move about half an inch, but this may be
varied; and when the warp threads have been shogged, the comb bars are to
be moved back towards the warp threads, as the carriages swing through the
threads from the front to the back, or from the back to the front, and so that
the ends of the combs will be nearest together when the carriages are in their
central position. The taking up points are caused to take up when the
carriages are in the central position, and, at the heads of the carriages and
such points are longer than usual, as they have to pass through a greater
width of warp thread than is generally the case, though it should be
stated that it has before been proposed to have a greater width between the
ends of the combs, and by such means to increase the number of the
warp bars; but in such case the comb bars were not arranged to move from

page_text: and to each other. The taking up points having entered well into the warp
threads are to be caused to rise, and in rising they are to be moved back in
such manner, that when up they are only to be inserted to about the
same extent through between the warp threads, as is generally the case; and
in order to give strength to the taking up points, a bar or blade is used
to each point bar in such manner, that such bar or blade may be moved under
the points as they rise, and so that when the points are up their protruding
-length beyond the bar or blade may not be greater than that of ordinary
points. The moving to and fro of the comb bars may be accompanied with an
arrangement of warp bars, which will admit of such bars being pressed
or moved into a less space than that occupied by them when they are
shogging; or, in place thereof, the warp bars may retain the same positions,
both when the comb bars are separated to the greatest extent, and when
brought as near as they are allowed to come together. In this case I use a
very narrow central comb, the blades or teeth of which it is preferred should
be about the eighth of an inch wide, so that the carriages in passing from the
front or back combs will be partly supported in the middle comb; this comb
would usually be fixed, but it may be moveable. I would however remark,
that it is not new to use a central narrow comb, in order to get a greater
width for receiving more warp bars between the front and back combs; and,
therefore, I make no claim thereto. When, however, using such central
comb between the front and back combs together with my Invention as above
stated, I cause the front and back combs to move away from cach other,
immediately before the shogging of the warp bars, in order to get the combs
and carriages well out of the way of the warp threads, and allow of their
shogging before the return.swing of the carriages brings them again amongst
the warp threads..
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is the
combined arrangement of the parts of a twist lace machine hercin
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Rodgers Samuels, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-nine.
SAMUEL RODGERS SAMUELS.
(L.S.)