New or Improved Apparatus or Method or Appliance for Cleaning, or Preventing Accumulations upon, the Working Surfaces of Rolls or Rollers or Cylinders.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1896 -Accepted, 25th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Apparatus or Method or Appliance for Cleaning,
or Preventing Accumulations upon, the Working Surfaces of
Rolls or Rollers or Cylinders.
I JOSEPH ADDEY FAWCETT of 54 Broxholme Lane, Doncaster in the County
of York, Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the scrapers or brushes or apparatus applied to or
against the working surfaces of one or more rotating roll or rollers or cylinders
and applied to and working in combination with such roll, rollers or cylinders: to
prevent and remove ground or crushed or flattened or squeezed or otherwise
treated materials which have passed through or between sets of rolls rollers or
cylinders or apparatus (such as roll working against plate or segments) from
adhering to or caking upon or remaining on the working surfaces or surface of such
roll, rollers or cylinders to the prejudice of their efficiency. My invention is
applicable in combination with and to any smooth or corrugated or many sided
roll, rollers or cylinders or, to such rollers or apparatus as described in Letters
Patent granted to me dated 31st December 1889 No. 20932 and any of which roll,
rollers cylinders or apparatus may be used in the grinding, crushing, flattening or
otherwise treating of grain, cereals, seeds or portions thereof respectively, as also
for treating cocoa, cements, slag manures, paints and other materials, and especially
such as have been treated with moisture or steam and therefore more likely to
adhere to rolls, rollers or cylinders. Single brushers or scrapers with a single
blade or knife have been employed and made to operate upon the whole width or
thereabouts of the roll or rollers and acting upon them with the brushes or scrapers
own or added weight or held against the roll or rollers by means of springs or
levers in a manner commonly known and understood: In the case of an obstinate
accumulation or accretion on any part of the revolving roll surface the knife or
blade of a scraper is liable to be forced away thus interfering with the cleaning or
scraping action upon the rest or remainder of the roll or roller surface and
allowing material to adhere to or cake upon. the whole surface more or less; to
obviate this defect it has been sought to make or employ a series of short knives or
blades of flexible steel and held between a pair of bars or in a frame to form a
continuous blade each section was relied upon to spring or yield to any local
obstruction upon the roll without interfering with the action of remaining
series of blades, this arrangement was. subject to the same defect as a single
scraper or knife.
According to my present invention instead of a single brush or a single scraper
blade or a scraper divided into a series of blades or knives and operating in a
frame after the manner of a broad single scraper I. duplicate the scrapers them-
selves that is I construct two or preferably more than two independent-levers or
scrapers fitted with points or blades or brushes in contact with the roll, rollers or
cylinder surfaces each separate scraper or brush being independent in its action.
The points or blades or brushes may be arranged in line or with edges or surfaces
overlapping each other or each one behind other or in any convenient form.
Hard or tough accumulations or materials adhering to the roll, rollers or
cylinders I prefer to remove by employing narrow separate scrapers whilst for
materials more easily removed the scrapers or brushes would be broader and

page_text: fewer. Instead of a number of separate scrapers or brushes I may use brush or
scraper alternately or in any desired way so as to get the combined action of both
brush and scraper upon the working surface of the roll or rollers or apparatus as
herein described.
Dated this 25th day of April 1895.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Apparatus or Method or Appliance for Cleaning,
or Preventing Accumulations upon, the Working Surfaces of
Rolls or Rollers or Cylinders.
I JOSEPH ADDEY FAWCETT of 54 Broxholme Lane, Doncaster in the County
of York, Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the scrapers or brushes or apparatus applied to or
against the working surface of one or more than one rotating roll or rollers or
cylinders and applied to and working in combination with such roll, rollers
or cylinders to prevent and remove ground or crushed or flattened or squeezed or
otherwise treated materials which have passed through or between a set or sets of
rolls or rollers or cylinders or apparatus (such as roll working against plate or
segment) from adhering to or caking upon or remaining on the working surface
or surfaces of such roll or rollers or cylinders to the prejudice of their efficiency:
My invention is applicable in combination with and to any cylindrical smooth or
grooved or corrugated or many sided roll or rollers or cylinders or to such rollers
or apparatus as described in Letters Patent granted to me dated 31st December 1889
No. 20932 and any of which roll, rollers or cylinders or apparatus may be used in
the grinding, crushing or flattening, or otherwise treating of grain, cereals or
seeds or portions thereof respectively also for treating sugar, cocoa, cements,
slag manures, paints and other materials and especially such grain or cereals or
seeds or portions thereof or other materials which have been treated with
moisture or any liquid substance or steam and therefore more likely to adhere to
such roll, rollers or cylinders. Heretofore single brushes or scrapers with a single
blade or knife have been employed and made to operate upon the whole length or
thereabouts of the working surface of the roll or rollers by means of springs or
levers or weights in a manner well known and understood: In the case of an
obstinate accumulation or accretion on any part of the revolving roll surface the
knife or blade of a single scraper is liable to be forced away thus interfering
with the cleaning or scraping action upon the rest or remainder of the roll or
roller surface more or less and allowing materials to adhere to or cake upon the
roll or roller surface; to obviate this defect it has been sought to make or
employ a series of short knives or blades of flexible steel and held between a pair
of bars in a frame to form a continuous blade but each section or strip of steel
was relied upon to spring or yield to any local obstruction upon the roll without
interfering with the action of remaining series of blades this arrangement was
subject to the same defect as a single scraper or knife. According to my present
invention instead of a single brush or a single scraper or blade or a scraper
divided into a series each with blades or knives operating in a frame after the
manner of a broad or long single scraper. I construct two or more than two
independent levers or scrapers side by side fitted each with points or blades or
brushes in contact with the roll or rollers or cylinder surface or surfaces each
separate scraper or brush though pivotted upon the same fulcrum being inde-
pendent in its action; the points or blades or brushes of these may be arranged

page_text: in line or with edges or surfaces oblique or overlapping each other or each one
behind the other or in any convenient form: Hard or tough materials or accumu-
lations adhering to the roll, rollers or cylinders I prefer to remove by employing
narrow separate scrapers whilst for materials more easily removed the scrapers or
brushes would be broader or fewer. Instead of a number of separate scrapers.ör
brushes I may use brush and scraper alternately or in any desired way so as to
get the combined action of both brushes and scrapers upon the working surface or
surfaces of roll, rollers or cylinders or apparatus as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 6.
The same reference letters refer to like details in each drawing.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a roller mill with one pair of rolls a, a,.
mounted in a frame 8 in a manner well understood and enclosed in a casing b..
J is the entry for feed and K the outlet for the crushed or flaked product after
passing through or between the rolls d d are fulcrums upon which the sectional:
scrapers or brushes ce are free to swing within certain limits and sufficiently
weighted to keep the scraping edges in contact with the rolls in ordinary work
and free to yield when material obstinately adheres to portions of the roll.
surface.
Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1 shewing the sectional scrapers coc covering
the whole width of rolls.
Figure 3 shows a modification where brushes h may be applied in lieu of scrapers.
to clean the rolls or may be used in conjunction with such scrapers.
Figurs 4 and 5 shews the application of my sectional scrapers to edge roller
mills.
In the elevation figure the edge rollers or stones a a are fitted with radial arms m
on each side and a hard connecting the ends of these series as the fulcrum for
sectional scrapers a set screw n acting as a stop retains each scraper section
which is provided with a slot to allow a limited movement or swing and each:
scraper or section is weighted as desired to keep the scraping edges against the
roll surface. The bedstone is surrounded by a curb to retain the material on the
bedstone and has an outlet K through which material is discharged by the action
of sectional scrapers mounted on the tangential arms d' which are operated by the
verticle shaft X which rotates the edge rollers. The sectional scrapers on these
arms are similar to those applied to the edge rollers and are illustrated in detail
by Figure 6. I do not confine myself to the above details as various modifications.
may be employed as to the mounting and applying the sectional scrapers or
brushes according to the work required of them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. New or improved scrapers or brushes or apparatus as applied in
combination for the purpose of keeping the working surface of a rotating roll or
surfaces of rotating rollers or cylinders free from adhering grain, cereals or seeds
or portions thereof which have been flattened or otherwise treated by such roll,
rollers or cylinders or apparatus substantially as herein described.
Second. New or improved scrapers or brushes or apparatus as applied in
combination for the purpose of keeping the working surface of a rotating roll or
surfaces of rotating rollers or cylinders free from adhering grain, cereals or seeds
or portions thereof respectively which have been treated with or subjected to
moisture or liquid substance or steam and which have been flattened or otherwise
treated by such roll, rollers or cylinders or apparatus substantially as described
herein.
Third. New or improved scrapers or brushes or apparatus as applied in
combination for the purpose of keeping the working surface of a rotating roll or
surfaces of rotating rollers or cylinders free from adhering parts or particles or
portions of sugar, cocoa slag manure paints and other materials which have been

page_text: crushed or otherwise treated by such roll, rollers or cylinders or apparatus
substantially as herein described.
Fourth. New or improved scrapers or brushes or apparatus as applied in
combination with a roll or rollers or apparatus having many sides or longitudinal
flats on their surface, one type of which is described in Letters Patent granted
to me dated 31st December 1889 No. 20932, as and for the purpose of removing
adhering grain, cereals or seeds respectively and other materials which have been
crushed, flattened or treated by such roll or rollers or apparatus substantially as
described herein.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1896.