Improvements in Pipes and Conduits and in the Mode of Connecting the same.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1889-Accepted, 27th July, 1889
Improvements in Pipes and Conduits and in the Mode of Connecting
the same.
I SAMUEL RIDEAL of Wards Buildings, Deansgate, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings :-
:-
'
My said Invention relates chiefly to an improved mode of connecting together
lengths of piping such for example as gas and water mains, and pipes for convey-
ing steam, air, sewage and other fluids, and is also applicable to the connecting of
pipes, conduits and troughs for containing electrical conductors and for other
purposes. By means of my invention such pipes or conduits can be easily and
securely jointed and fastened together and can be disconnected, altered and re-instated
without breaking the pipes or conduits and without danger of injuring the contents
if such should be liable to happen. Under present practice such pipes and conduits
are formed with spigot and socket joints so that when the piping is made up the
length which it should afterwards be desired to remove must be broken and even
where such piping is connected by means of straight flanges settlements of the earth
are apt to throw the piping out of the horizontal and jamb the lengths together so as
to effectually prevent disconnection. My invention is intended to obviate these dis-
advantages and to render the connection and disconnection of piping easy and free
from the necessity or risk of breakages and in a simple and inexpensive manner. This
I effect by forming the flanges on the pipes at an angle to each other and to the centre
line of the pipe so that when the piping is being laid each alternate length is dropped
like a wedge between the two neighbouring lengths. It will thus be apparent that
the removal of these alternate lengths will be an easy task as no resistance to their
removal is encountered except the adhesion between the flanges. The joint between
the flanges may be rendered more secure by forming an annular groove in the face of
each flange and round the bolts to contain a suitable packing material. The flanges
are held together in the usual manner by bolts or other suitable means.
The pipes
may be made of iron, steel, earthenware or other suitable material or metal.
To render my invention more clear I will now proceed to describe the same with
reference to the annexed two sheets of drawings which clearly illustrate and
ascertain the novel features.
Fig. 1 is an illustration of a portion of cast iron piping such for example as a gas
or water main showing my improved mode of connecting the lengths together. The
different lengths are lettered a. b. c d and e. The flanges on the lengths a. c. and e
are inclined in such a manner as to meet exactly the similarly inclined or sloping
flanges on the lengths b and c. Now regarding the top of the sheet as the surface
of the earth it will be evident that it is an easy matter to lift away the lengths a. c and e
in the direction of the arrows since they lie in a wedge fashion between the flanges of
the neighbouring lengths and are not subject to any resistance therefrom except as
regards the mere adhesion of the surfaces. This adhesion of the surfaces or packing
can be easily disturbed or cut by drawing a wire through the joint and so cutting the
packing or luting of the joint. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the improved
joint and Fig. 3 is an end view of one of the lengths. A shallow annular groove or
recess fis formed in the face of each flange. x, x to receive-suitable packing or
ointing material and holes are provided for bolts g or other means for securing the
Hanges together may be adopted.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pipe made of earthenware and flanged
n my improved method. Fig. 5 is a view of one of the ends and Fig. 6 an external
ide view showing the bolts h for securing the lengths together. Except for the
[ Price fiel

page_text: slight variations in proportion due to the difference in material this modification
scarcely differs from that shown at Figs. 2 and 3. I prefer to make the bolts h of a
suitable hard wood such for example as beech, both because they are less costly than
metal bolts and because they are more suitable for connecting earthenware piping.
Such hard wood bolts might be proofed or seasoned so as to withstand the effects of
damp. As in the former instance a groove f is provided to receive packing. Fig. 7
shows two other methods of forming the inclined flanges. The portion marked i is a
steel tube with an inclined flangej bent from the material of the tube. The portion
marked carries a flange I made from angle iron and formed in two halves which are
placed over the tube and united by rivets as shown. An end view of this portion is
shown at Fig. 8. I might however form such an angle iron flange in one piece or
ring and apply it to the tube or pipe k. Packing grooves are provided on the flanges
and bolts are employed to hold the lengths together.
Fig. 9 sheet 2 shows an outside elevation of a pipe or conduit made in halves m. m¹
longitudinally the said halves being formed with flanges and bolted together by means
of bolts occupying the holes n. The said split pipe or conduit is formed with inclined
flanges as in the foregoing examples and the lengths are put together in the manner
indicated at Fig. 1 of the drawings. The pipe or conduit shown at Fig. 9 is suitable
for containing telegraph or telephone wires as the upper half m of the pipe can be
removed for the purposes of examination or repair without injurying or disturbing the
contents. Figs. 10. 11 and 12 show various forms which the said split pipes or
conduits may assume, but I do not confine myself to these shapes as other suitable
forms might be made. Figs. 13 and 14 show convenient means for forcing the lengths
of piping together when the pipes are being laid and for forcing them apart when the
pipes are being lifted. For example the part of Fig. 13 marked A shows the
apparatus applied to the drawing of the pipes together while the part marked B shows
the same apparatus applied to the pulling of the flanges al asunder. The apparatus
consists of a length of chain or wire rope o which is passed around the pipe and hitched
upon the ends of a bar p. The bar is screwed in the centre to receive à capstan headed
screw turned by a handle or wrench. The foot of the screw is formed with a centre
P
point which bears upon one of the flanges of the piping. The chain is carried round the
next pipe and the consequence is that by turning the screw the flanges are either
drawn closer together as in the case marked A or are forced apart as in the case
marked B. Other means might however be adopted to manipulate the pipes when
laying or raising them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
(1) Forming pipes and conduits intended to be jointed or laid together in lengths
with inclined or bevelled flanges for the purposes and substantially as described and
shown.
(2) In pipes and conduits having inclined or bevelled flanges as hereinbefore
described forming the said pipes and conduits in halves secured together by bolts or
other means so that one half of the pipe or conduit can be removed at pleasure and the
contents inspected or repaired substantially as herein before described and shown.
(3) In combination with pipes of the indicated description that is to say having
inclined or bevelled flanges, the screw cramp apparatus for assisting to raise and lay
the pipes substantially as described and shown."
Dated this 21st day of June 1889
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.