IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TECH- NICALLY CALLED BEATERS, USED FOR OPENING, CLEANING, OR OTHERWISE PREPARING COTTON. WOOL. OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Crighton, Machine Maker, and Andrew
Crighton, Mechanic, both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TECH-
NICALLY CALLED BEATERS, USED FOR OPENING, CLEANING, OR OTHERWISE
PREPARING COTTON. WOOL. OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION left by the said. William Crighton and
Andrew Crighton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 22nd May 1854.
We, WILLIAM CRIGHTON, Machine Maker, and ANDREW CRIGHTON, Mechanic,
both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TECHNI-
CALLY CALLED BEATERS, USED FOR OPENING, CLEANING, OR OTHERWISE PREPARING
COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The beaters hitherto generally adopted have been straight bars with fine.
edges, placed or fixed in a horizontal position upon arms projecting from a
centre rollér or spindle, which bars during their revolutions strike the material
to be operated upon; this being found defective in its operation, some persons
have added: teeth to assist it, which have also been found inefficient and
defective for the purpose required. Instead of the aforesaid plans we propose

page_text: to give the bars or beaters undulated edges, thus
arrange them so that the indentations and projections on each bar or beater
will act on the material alternately; by which means we obtain a more perfect
action on and cleaning of the material, as well as avoiding the breakage of the
fibres.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Crighton and Andrew Crighton in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 21st November 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
CRIGHTON, Machine Maker, and ANDREW CRIGHTON, Mechanic, both of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unfo
us, the said William Crighton and Andrew Crighton, Her special licence that
we, the said William Crighton and Andrew Crighton, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Crighton and
Andrew Crighton, our exccutors, administrators; and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TECHNICALLY CALLED 'BEATERS,' USED FOR OPENING,
CLEANING, OR OTHERWISE PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Crighton and
Andrew Crighton, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and
Fascertain-the-nature-of-the-said-Invention, and-in-what manner-the-same-
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Royal Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Crighton and Andrew
Crighton, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):

page_text: Our Invention relates to an improved construction of the "beater," used for
opening, cleaning, or beating fibrous materials, as cotton, wool, &c.; and
consists of fixing the blades or bars of the beater parallel with the shaft on
which it revolves, and of making the said blades or bars with undulated or
indented edges, instead of the plain edged blade, as hitherto used.
improvement will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
This
Fig. 1 is a plan of our improved beater; Fig. 2 is an end view thereof;
Fig. 3, a front view of one of the blades or bars; Fig. 4, an end view of the
same on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 5, another view of the same.
It is
evident that the said indentations may be made of any convenient form or
shape, as semicircular, square, &c.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of our said Inven-
tion, we desire it to be distinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves
to the exact details herein set forth, as such may be varied or modified without
departing from the principle thereof; but we claim as of our Invention, and
which, to the best of our knowledge and belief, has not been hitherto used
within this realm, the peculiar construction of the blades of "beaters" with
corrugated or indented edges, whatever shape or form the said indentations
may be made, as such improvements are herein described and illustrated in
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Crighton and Andrew Crighton,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighteenth day of Novem-
ber, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
ANDREW CRIGHTON. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Crighton and Andrew
Crighton, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.