Improvements in Machinery for Hulling, Decorticating, Husking, Milling of Rice or other Grain or Material.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 17th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Hulling, Decorticating, Husking,
Milling of Rice or other Grain or Material.
and
I, JAMES BERNARD HUNTER, of Bow, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer &
Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The machine consists of two end frames placed parallel each with other with a
drum revolving between them upon a spindle carried in supports in the end frames.
On the top of the drum is a hinged breast and a similar one underneath the drum.
The faces of the breasts are curved to the same radius as the drum.
The rice or material to be treated is fed upon the top of the drum in front of the
first breast under which it is taken and delivered from it at the back on to an
inclined shoot. This shoot is made of perforated plate or wire gauze.
The material, passing over this, has separated from it all the fine dust, husk or
meal detached by the operation of the drum and breast upon the material as it
passes between them. The material then falls to the lower breast where it is again
treated and is delivered at the back on to an inclined shoot which takes it to a
joggler or sieve placed below the drum where the meal, dust or husk formed by the
second breast is removed.
The two breasts are placed diametrically opposite to each other each doing a
separate but similar operation of reduction. This arrangement of the breasts
relieves the end bearings of pressure and consequently from wear.
The breast is hinged to the end frames in such a manner that the back edge of
breast remains at an almost constant distance from the face of the drum although
the front edge of the breast is moved a considerable distance from it.
The surface
of the breast being a regular curve gives a gradually approaching curve with
reference to the face of the drum. The hinge of the breast is mounted upon an
eccentric so that the back edge of the breast may be advanced towards or moved
away from the drum without affecting the hinge action which is controlled by a
hand wheel and screw at the centre of the machine. The breast can thus be set
parallel to the drum, or with the front edge wide open away from the drum and the
back edge quite close or touching, or at any intermediate position, so that the
graduation of reduction may be effected to the utmost nicety.
The drum may be of any suitable material for milling the class of grain or other
material which it may be required to treat, say either wood or iron coated with
emery composition, or of stone or of cast iron or steel either fluted or plain or case
hardened or not, or chilled.
The breasts may be of similar material to the drum or two materials may be used
in combination with each other.
For rice I use preferably india rubber and wood or india rubber and emery
composition. In the former case the india rubber I cause to be moulded with a
series of deep longitudinal furrows; the furrows are parallel and adapted to receive
strips of wood. This india rubber block is mounted upon a wooden backing of
suitable curvature and every furrow is filled by a wooden strip which is fixed in its
place by nails driven through the side of each strip as it is inserted, which can be
done by bending the india rubber back to clear the hammer, the nails being placed
so far back as not to interfere with the working face. The backing block is secured
in the machine to the hinged cast iron frame and forms with it the working breast.
In place of using a concave backing block, the india rubber may be moulded
concave on the face and flat at the back and with the furrows of different depths.
In the case where I employ india rubber in connection with emery composition, I
use a mould the bottom of which is curved to the same radius as the drum of the

page_text: machine. The mould is formed with sides and ends of proper form and the strips
of india rubber corresponding to the corrugations are laid in parallel to each other
and at equal distances apart. The cast iron frame of the breast is then secured
upon the top of the mould and the emery composition is rammed in from the back
filling the spaces between the india rubber strips and also between the ribs of the
cast iron frame. When the material is set the frame is lifted off with the india
rubber and emery composition between forming the working face.
I arrange the
india rubber strips radially to the centre of the drum with their front edges further
apart than their back edges making the intervening emery composition to take a
dove tail form, securely holding the rubber and keying it to the breast.
2001
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Hulling, Decorticating, Husking, and
Milling of Rice or other Grain or Material.
I, JAMES BERNARD HUNTER, of Bow in the County of Middlesex, Engineer &
Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The machine consists of two end frames placed parallel each with other with a
drum revolving between them upon a spindle carried in supports in the end frames.
On the top of the drum is a hinged breast and a similar one underneath the drum.
The faces of the breasts are curved to the same radius as the drum.
The rice or material to be treated is fed upon the top of the drum in front of the
first breast under which it is taken and delivered from it at the back on to an
inclined shoot. This shoot is made of perforated plate or wire gauze.
The material, passing over this, has separated from it all the fine dust, husk or
meal detached by the operation of the drum and breast upon the material as it
passes between them. The material then falls to the lower breast where it is
again treated and is delivered at the back on to an inclined shoot which takes it to
a joggler or sieve placed below the drum where the meal, dust or husk formed by
the second breast is removed.
The two breasts are placed diametrically opposite to each other each doing a
separate but similar operation of reduction. This arrangement of the breasts
relieves the end bearings of pressure and consequently from wear.
The breast is hinged to the end frames in such a manner that the back edge of
the breast remains at an almost constant distance from the face of the drum
although the front edge of the breast be moved a considerable distance from it.
The surface of the breast being a regular curve gives a gradually approaching curve
with reference to the face of the drum. The hinge of the breast is mounted upon
an eccentric so that the back edge of the breast may be advanced towards or moved
away from the drum without affecting the hinge action which is controlled by a
hand wheel and screw at the centre of the machine. The breast can thus be set
parallel to the drum, or with the front edge wide open away from the drum and the
back edge quite close or touching, or at any intermediate position, so that the
graduation of reduction may be effected to the utmost nicety.
The drum may be of any suitable material for milling the class of grain or other
material which it may be required to treat; say either wood or iron coated with
emery composition, or of stone or of cast iron or steel either fluted or plain ог саве
hardened or not, or chilled.
Figure 1 of the drawings annexed is a front elevation of a machine in accordance
with my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan and Figure 3 is an end elevation of the same.
W is a ration on the line d 1 in Wieur 1

page_text: a a are the frames, they carry in suitable bearings the axis 6 of the drum c. The
axis is provided with belt pulleys 61 by the aid of which it is driven. A coating
of emery composition on the surface of the drum is represented at c¹. d d are the
breasts and d¹ are hinged frames forming parts of the breasts. These breasts
as will be observed are diametrically opposite to each other, the one on the upper
and the other on the underside of the drum. Each breast is mounted so that it can
turn about eccentrics e e. In Figure 4 the faces of the breasts are seen to be
in contact with the surface of the drum, but this is not the working position.
When the machine is adjusted for use the leading edge of cach breast is drawn back
a short distance from the drum so that the rice or material to be treated may enter
between the two parts. This adjustment is made by means of the hand wheels and
screws ff carried by the framing. The screws are connected with the frames d by
links as is shewn. The distance of the rear edges of the breasts from the drum can
be separately adjusted by turning the eccentrics e by the hand wheels g. An index
and scale is provided in connection with the hand wheel and the wheel can be
clamped fast in any desired position. is a hopper to which the rice or material is
supplied and is a regulating grid controlling the descent. The rotation of the
drum carries the grain beneath the uppermost breast and it is acted upon by the
rubbing surfaces. After escaping from the first breast the material falls upon
the inclined sieve like surface i which guides it to the lower breast; it passes
between this and the drum and is then discharged by the spout on to the
riddle which also receives through the spout whatever passes through the
perforated surface i. The riddle is hung to the frame by links and it
receives a jogging motion from the crank n which is driven by a belt and pulleys
from the drum axis b. The breasts may be made in various ways; they may
be of similar material to the drum.
For rice I use preferably india rubber or wood or india rubber and emery
composition. In the former case the india rubber and wood are made in alternate
strips, secured to a curved wood backing by means of glue and nails or screws.
The strips are nailed to each other by means of nails driven through the side of
each strip as it is laid in to form the breast, the nails being placed so far back
as not to interfere with the working face. The wooden backing is secured to
the cast iron frame of the breast by means of screws. This arrangement of
breast is shewn in the transverse section of the machine, Figure 4.
Alternative forms of breast are shewn separately by the Figures 5, 6 and 7.
According to Figure 5 I cause the india rubber to be moulded with a series of
deep longitudinal furrows; the furrows are parallel and adapted to receive strips
of wood. This india rubber block is mounted upon a wooden backing of suitable
curvature and every furrow is filled by a wooden strip which is fixed in its place by
nails driven through the side of each strip as it is inserted, which can be done by
bending the india rubber back to clear the hammer, the nails being placed so far
back as not to interfere with the working face. The backing block is secured in
the machine to the hinged cast iron frame and forms with it the working breast.
In place of using a concave backing block, the india rubber may be moulded
concave on the face and flat at the back and with the furrows of different depths.
This modification is represented in Figure 6.
Figure 7 relates to breasts made with india rubber strips and emery composition.
In the case where I employ india rubber in connection with emery composition I
use a mould the bottom of which marked is curved to the saine radius as the
drum of the machine. The mould is formed with sides a' and ends of proper form
and the strips of india rubber corresponding to the corrugations are laid in parallel
to each other and at equal distances apart. The cast iron frame of the breast is
then secured upon the top of the mould and the emery composition is rammed in
from the back filling the spaces between the india rubber strips and also between
the ribs of the cast iron frame. When the material is set the frame is lifted off
with the india rubber and emery composition between forming the working face.
I arrange the india rubber strips radially to the centre of the drum with their front

page_text: edges further apart than their back edges making the intervening emery com-
position to take a dovetail form, securely holding the rubber and keying it to the
breast.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
°
1. Machinery substantially as described, for hulling, decorticating husking and
milling rice or other grain or material.
2. The arrangement substantially as described of the revolving drum and the two
hinged breasts diametrically opposite to each other.
3. The arrangement substantially as described of the revolving drum and the
breast hinged near the back edge upon eccentrics.
4. The breast substantially as described in respect to Figure 4 and consisting of
alternate strips of wood and of india rubber secured to a curved wood backing.
5. The breast substantially as described consisting of india rubber moulded
with grooves, and wooden strips inserted into the grooves and a wooden backing
to which the strips are secured by nails.
6. The breast substantially as described consisting of an india rubber block
moulded with a concave face, a flat back and grooves in the face receiving strips
of wood or other material.
7. The breast substantially as described moulded with emery composition and
with longitudinal strips of india rubber embedded in the composition.
8. A breast in accordance with the preceding claim and in which the portions
of emery composition intervening between the india rubber strips are of dovetail
form.
•
Dated this 4th dow of Awe 1000
J. B. HUNTER.