IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING SCREW NUTS ON THEIR BOLTS, AND BOLTS IN PLATES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Murphy, of Newport, in the County of
Monmouth, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SECURING SCREW NUTS ON THEIR BOLTS, AND BOLTS IN PLATES."
Scaled the 28th July 1857, and dated the 2nd March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Murphy at the
Office of the, Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd March 1857.
I, JAMES MURPHY, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SECURING SCREW NUTS ON THEIR BOLTS, AND BOLTS IN PLATES," to be as follows:-:
I propose that each bolt shall be grooved or indented transversely or spirally,
or in any other convenient form, through the threads thereof, and the nut or'
plate also grooved or indented transversely or spirally through the threads
or otherwise, with a single or any number of grooves or indents tapped to
receive a screwed pin to any desired depth or length, into which a key, keys,
or screwed pins of any suitable material will be fitted, and driven or screwed
in between the bolt and nut or bolt and plate, which will prevent the nut
or bolt from turning while in work.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Murphy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
MURPHY, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing. date the Second day of. March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give, and grant unto me,
the said James Murphy, Her special license that I, the said James Murphy,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Murphy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SECURING SCREW NUTS ON THEIR BOLTS, AND BOLTS IN PLATES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Murphy, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months.
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Murphy, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following,
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, in
which similar letters of reference are placed upon and denote similar parts in
each of the Figures respectively.
My Invention has for its object the securing of nuts on bolts, or bolts.
in plates. It is well known to all who use the screw bolt with screw nut
as a fastening, that, from various causes, the nut, although screwed up to the
utmost after the bolt is in its place, rendering the fastening as tight as possible,,
becomes, from jerks, blows on the surrounding parts, jarring by motion, and.
many other causes, loose on the bolt, or, in other words, winds back on the
screw thread; the looseness once established, the nut continually (however
slowly) revolves backwards, till the bolt from being loose falls out. When the

page_text: bolts are very short, say, only the length of the plate (as in a steam boiler)
they pierce and are intended to secure, the loosening is followed by the bolt
falling out almost immediately. My Invention will fix nuts on bolts, or bolts
in plates, in so secure a manner as to assure the nut.or bolt from all movement
after they shall be keyed, as hereafter described.. Each bolt is to be grooved
or indented transversely, or in any other convenient form, through the threads
thereof, and the nut or plate grooved or indented in like manner with a one
or any number of grooves tapped to receive a screw or
plain pin.
In the Drawing, Figure 1 represents side view of a screw bolt with a nut
screwed thereon, and shewing a groove cut in the worm of the screw, with a
key or pin (which may be made of steel, iron, or any softer metal or material,)
inserted between the nut and the bolt in the grooves of each; Figure 2, end
view of bolt, shewing 'two grooves cut therein; Figure 3, front view of nut
with four grooves cut therein; Figure 3*, end view of bolt; Figure 4, section
of nut cut through the centre; Figure 5, side view of a plate, with bolts screwed
in, and pin inserted; Figure 6, front view of a plate with grooves cut therein.
At Figure 1 will be observed a screw bolt a passing a nut 6 screwed thereon,
and grooves cut in the screw nut (as shewn at Figure 2), for the purpose
bereafter explained. For instance, should it be required for perfect security
to insert the pin c at different periods of one revolution of the nut b, by having
four grooves d, d, cut in the nut 6 (see Figure 3) and only two grooves cut in
the screw of the bolt a it is evident that the pin c can be inserted at eight
different periods of one revolution of the nut 6 as it is tightened, and when
the pin c is once inserted, it follows that the nut 6 cannot turn off the bolt a
by any jerk or motion to which such fastenings are liable. By having only
one groove in the screw of the bolt and two in the screw of the nut the key
or pin can be inserted at each half revolution of the nut; if one in bolt and
three in nut, then the key can be inserted at every third of a revolution; if
one in bolt and four in nut, then at each quarter of a revolution; and if two
grooves in bolt and four in nut, at each eighth portion of a revolution, provided
the two grooves be not made exactly opposite each other, as in such case no
advantage would be gained, two grooves in such position answering only the
same purpose as a single one. At Figures 5 and 6 is shewn the Invention as
applicable to plates instead of nuts; thus, if the screw of the bolt a be passed
through a plate e, both plate and bolt screws having grooves cut therein (as
described in reference to the bolt and nut) and the pin c be inserted, as shewn
at Figure 5, there will be no danger of the bolt becoming loose in the plate.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the means by which
I.carry it into effect, I desire it to be distinctly understood that I claim as of

page_text: my
Invention the fixing of nuts on bolts or bolts in plates, in the manner
herein-before described, and illustrated in the annexed Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Murphy, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
FREDERIC ROBERT OWEN,.
Newport, Monmouthshire.
JAMES MURPHY. (L.S.)