IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR DYEING WOOLLEN, SILK, AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS AND YARNS
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOSEPH REFFITT of 83 Kirkstall Road Leeds in the County of York, Dyer
do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR DYEING WOOLLEN, SILK, AND OTHER WOVEN OR
FELTED FABRICS AND YARNS" to be as follows:-
My improvements have reference to that process of dyeing wherein the dyeing
Liquor hitherto has been used at a high degree of temperature for such materials as
woollen, silk and other woven or felted fabrics and yarns.
In the ordinary process above referred to, a large amount of liquor is required
and a great amount of water steam and fuel is expended in bringing the dyeing
liquor to the proper temperature for the operation.
In my improvements a great saving of fuel, water and steam is effected also the
amount of liquor required can be used more economically and in accordance with
the amount of material to be operated upon.
Within suitable framework I provide a trough which can be of a much smaller
size than those now in use, over this I mount in suitable bearings a series of
perforated cylinders encased in canvas or similar material into which steam can be
admitted through suitably arranged steam pipes.
The dyeing liquid is put into the trough and the material to be dyed is conducted
through the dyeing liquor in the trough by suitable guide rollers and from thence.
round as many of the aforesaid perforated cylinders as required, the steam being
turned on passes into the interior of the cylinder thence through the perforations
into and through the material whereby such material is brought to the required
degree of temperature to enable the liquid to produce the desired dyeing effects
thereon.
The material may be passed through the liquor and round the cylinders as often
as required to produce the desired shade or depth of colour.
Motion is imparted to the cylinders and rollers from some convenient source.

page_text: The material is passed through the liquor and round the perforated cylinders &
as often as is required to produce the desired depth or shade of colour.
The bottom guide rollers in the trough b which is mounted in bearings on the
bars m can be withdrawn from the liquor by the attendant by means of the hand-
lever n, pinion o and rack p on the bars m when required.
The material in the first instance is taken off the table at q and thence in the
direction shewn by arrows, through the liquid in the trough 6, thence through the
squeezing rollers h and i and over the perforated cylinders d whence it is carried
forward by a conducting roller r to the drawing off roller 8 and to the cuttling
apparatus t which may be of ordinary construction, whereby it is cuttled and
deposited onto the table at u.
Motion is imparted to the squeezing rollers h and i by driving pulley v, and in
order to give motion to the cuttling apparatus t and the drawing off roller 8,
I employ the pulley won the bottom squeezing roller shaft x and through this
motion is transmitted to the pulley y by belt z.
I do not bind myself to the number of perforated cylinders d as these may
be placed side by side horizontally or other suitable position when found more
convenient.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1st The arrangement and application of trough 6 in combination with perforated
steaming cylinders d and the means employed for operating the same for dyeing
woollen, silk and other woven or felted fabrics and yarns, substantially as herein
set forth.
2nd The combination of the various parts forming the apparatus and mode of
operating the same, substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.