IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE SHOE NAILS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Homan Price Fenby, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Mechanical Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE SHOE NAILS, AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Homan Price Fenby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1880.
HOMAN PRICE FENBY, of Leeds, in the County of York, Mechanical Engineer.
'IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
HORSE SHOE NAILS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention of improved machinery or apparatus for use in the manufacture
of horse shoe nails, and for other purposes, relates to machines designed more
especially for pointing horse shoe nails in such wise as to make them ready for
driving, and to give them such an angle that they may emerge from the wall of
the hoof at the proper place for clenching, but machinery according to my Invention
may be constructed to serve for forging or swaging heated metal to produce articles
of various forms.
One arrangement of machine is as follows:-
In a main frame provide four grooves or recesses, namely, two diametrically
opposite each other, and at right angles to these other two also diametrically
opposite each other. All these grooves or recesses have the same longitudinal
direction. In each I mount a lever on an axis situated at or near the centre of the
length of such lever. All the levers oscillate towards a common centre or focus,
but the extent to which they approach one another is limited or determined by
each one coming in contact with a small anvil bed or stop. The front ends of the
levers are so formed as to receive small bars of steel, which are the tools that act
upon the points of the nails, and whose ends are ground to the required angles.
The tail ends of the levers engage in what I call a cam pulley, which is a pulley
having an internal double snail cam cast or otherwise put in, so that as the pulley
revolves the levers strike alternately in pairs, first, the two in the one plane, and
then the two in the other, or plane at right angles, the pulley being driven at such

page_text: a speed as to give the levers a rapid vibratory action. The levers themselves have
imparted to them, by springs or equivalent means, a tendency always to keep in
contact with their anvils, beds, or stops, the pulley simply doing the duty of raising
them from the anvil, beds, or stops upon or against which they are allowed again
to fall or be brought in contact by the action of the spring or equivalent load, such
spring or load being made adjustable so as to give the required force of blow.
Immediately at the back of where the tools meet I have an adjustable stop, which
regulates the distance that the nail can be put in. In front of the tools I have an
adjustable spring holder or guide which holds the nail after it has been placed there
by the operator. In forming the point on the nail, a burr or very small button
end is first formed, and the tools acting on this button end tend to keep the nail
firmly in contact with the adjustable stop until the tools have pointed the nail
when the burr or button end is severed from off the point of the nail, and the nail is
immediately jerked backwards in the bolder by the action of the inclined faces of
the tools. The nail may then be allowed to vibrate out of the holder and drop
into a receptacle beneath, the rapid blows in the machine affording the necessary
vibration; or, by inclining the machine, the falling out of the nails may be
expedited. By means of these spring holders one attendant may feed a row of
machines, simply having to put the nails in, and by the time the last in the row is
supplied with a nail, the first may have pointed its nail and dropped it, and be
ready for another. The spring blow of the levers may be got by a pneumatic or
other action instead of by springs.
The machine above described may also be modified by providing in the frame
work slides operated by the cam pulley, and arranged to act directly and progres-
sively on the nail and machines so constructed may be made of larger type, and
used for forging or swaging heated metal into articles of various forms.
It is to be noted that in all cases in machines according to my Invention the
tools have what I call a progressive action, that is, they act upon the article with a
gradual and definite effect, so as finally to reduce the article to the finished size
without once having crushed it severely. The springs above referred to have this
progressive action, for they first commence to hammer at the article, and finally to
hammer the anvils, when the article is down to the size. The progressive action
is got in a positive manner by making the inside cam act direct on the ends of
slides, as above referred to, but having the cam conical and of a considerable
depth, so that by the action of a foot lever the cam which is alive on the shaft
may be made gradually to advance along the shaft to a stop where the article will
be reduced to the necessary size.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Homan Price Fenby in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th June 1881.
HOMAN PRICE FENBY, of Leeds, in the County of York, Mechanical Engineer.
" IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
HORSE SHOE NAILS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention of improved machinery or apparatus for use in the manufacture
or horseshoe nails and for other purposes relates to machines designed more especially
for pointing horse shoe nails in such wise as to make them ready for driving, and
to give them such an angle that they may emerge from the wall of the hoof at the
proper place for clenching, bit machinery according to my Invention may be con-
structed to serve for forging or swaging heated metal to produce articles of various
forms.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a machine according to my Invention, Fig. 2 a
front view; Fig. 3, a front view of the cam pulley. In this arrangement in a main
frame a I provide four grooves or recesses b, namely, two diametrically opposite
each other, and at right angles to these other two also diametrically opposite each
other. All these grooves or recesses have the same longitudinal direction. In each
I mount a lever c on an axis d, situated at or near the centre of the length of such
lever. All the levers oscillate towards a common centre or focus, but the extent to
which they approach one another is limited or determined by each one coming in
contact with a small anvil bed or stop c. The front ends of the levers c are so
formed as to receive small bars of steel f, which are the tools that act upon the
points of the nails, and whose ends are ground to the required angle. The tail
ends of the levers engage in what I call a cam pulley g, which is a pulley having
an internal double snail cam cast or otherwise put in, as clearly indicated in Fig. 3,
so that as the pulley revolves the levers c strike alternately in pairs first the two
in the one plane and then the two in the other or plane at right angles, the pulley g
being driven at such a speed as to give the levers e a rapid vibratory action. The
four levers c themselves have imparted to them by springs h or equivalent means a
tendency always to keep in contact with their respective anvils beds or stops e, the
pulley g simply doing the duty of raising them from the anvils beds or stops e upon
or against which they are allowed again to fall or be brought in contact by the action
of the spring or equivalent load, such spring or load being made adjustable by the
slides i on the rods k so as to give the required force of blow. Passing through the
centre of the frame a, Fig. I, I have an adjustable stop 7, which regulates the
distance that the nail can be put in. This stop I make in the form of a long
adjusting screw passing through the centre of the machine from the back end,
where it is provided with a square m, by which it can be turned to bring it into the
required position immediately behind the tools. In front of the tools I have an
adjustable spring holder or guide n, which holds the nail after it has been placed
there by the operator. A simple and effective way of making this holder is to make
it with a loose top or lid o, the lid being kept in contact with the main or under
part by an india rubber ring which encircles both. In forming the point on the
nail after it has been pushed into the holder a burr or very small button end is first
formed, and the tools acting on this button end tend to keep the nail firmly in
contact with the adjustable stop e until the tools have pointed the nail, when the
burr or button end is severed from off the point of the nail, and the nail is
immediately jerked backwards in the holder by the action of the inclined faces of
the tools. The nail may then be allowed to vibrate out of the holder and drop
into a receptacle beneath, the rapid blows in the machine affording the necessary

page_text: vibration; or by inclining the machine the falling out of the nails may be expedited.
By means of these spring holders one attendant may feed a row of machines, simply
having to put the nails in, and by the time the last in the row is supplied with a
nail the first may have pointed its nail and dropped it and be ready for another.
The spring blow of the levers may be got by a pneumatic or other action instead of
by springs.
The machine above described may also be modified by providing in the framework
slides operated by the cam pulley, and arranged to act directly and progressively
on the nail, and machines so constructed may be made of larger type and used
for forging or swaging heated metal into articles of various forms.
It is to be noted that in all cases in machines according to my Invention the
tools have what I call a progressive action, that is, they act upon the article with a
gradual and definite effect, so as finally to reduce the article to the finished size
without once having crushed it severely. The springs above referred to have this
progressive action, for they first commence to hammer at the article, and finally to
hammer the anvils, when the article is down to the size. The progressive action is
got in a positive manner by making the inside cam act direct on the ends of slides,
as above referred to, but having the cam conical and of a considerable depth, so that
by the action of a foot lever the cam, which is alive on the shaft, may be made
gradually to advance along the shaft to a stop where the article will be reduced to
the necessary size.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which it is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have
it understood that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as
secured to me under the Letters Patent herein before in part recited is,-
In a forging or swaging machine or apparatus for use in the manufacture of
horse shoe nails and other purposes.
1. The levers or slides c, c, urged towards a common centre by springs or other
devices, and raised in opposite pairs alternately by the cam pulley, such levers or
slides carrying swaging tools at their outer ends for acting progressively on the nail
point or other article until a uniform size is attained, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. The spring holder n for holding the nail or like article whilst being operated
on by the tools, substantially as described.
3. The adjustable springs or devices h for regulating the weight of blow of the
levers or slides c, c, substantially as described.
4. I also claim the improved machine as described and shewn for the purpose
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Homan Price Fenby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one:
HOMAN PRICE FENBY. (L.S.)