IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING OR TWISTING YARNS OR THREADS OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Wain, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING OR TWISTING YARNS OR THREADS
OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 9th February 1864, and dated the 14th August 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wain at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
August 1863.
I, JOHN WAIN, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ia-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING OR TWISTING YARNS OR
THREADS OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the machines employed in the above process called
twiners, and consists in the use of blocks made of pot glass, metal, or other
suitable material, so formed and applied as not only to act in place of the
upper jaw or slide usually employed to hold the yarn when winding on, but
also to act in lieu of the loose plummets employed to give drag to the threads
while they are being twisted. These blocks rest on the top of the stationary
checks or supports, between which the lower jaw or slide passes, and are so
formed as to allow the yarn to pass freely and without pressure under the
front portion, and that the middle portion shell net as the upper jaw or slide

page_text: against which the upper part of the lower jaw or slide will come in contact
when the slide is raised to hold the threads, and that the back part shall press
on the yarn and act as a plummet.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Wain in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WAIN, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of August, Ono thousand eight hundred
and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her
heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John Wain, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, Her especial license, full power, sole
privilege, and authority that I, the said John Wain, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as J, the said John Wain, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR DOUBLING OR TWISTING YARNS OR THREADS OF COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said John
Wain, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Wain, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and accompanying Drawings on one Sheet, in which the same
letters of reference are used to indicate the same or corresponding parts in all
the Figures in which they occur. The several Figures are drawn to a scale of
six inches equal to one foot.
My Invention relates to the machines employed in the above process called

page_text: twiners, and consists in the use of blocks made of pot glass, metal, or other
suitable material, so formed and applied as not only to act in place of the
upper jaw or slide usually employed to hold the yarn when winding on, but
also to act in lieu of the loose plummets employed to give drag to the threads
while they are being twisted. These blocks rest on the top of the stationary
cheeks or supports, between which the lower jaw or slide passes, and are so
formed as to allow the yarn to pass freely and without pressure under the
front portion, and that the middle portion shall act as the upper jaw or slide,
against which the upper part of the lower jaw or slide will come in con-
tact when the slide is raised to hold the threads, and that the back part
shall press on the yarn and act as a plummet.
Figure 1 is a plan view, and Figure 2 is an end one, of so much of a
twiner as is requisite to illustrate my Invention; Figure 3 represents the
under side of one of the blocks A, (one only of which is shewn in the Figures,)
and Figure 4 a section of such block; between the stationary checks or
supports B and B' the lower jaw or slide C passes. The list or thread boards
are marked D and D', and the water trough E. These parts are well known
and in general use, and need not further be described. The parts F of the
blocks A rest partly on the cheek B' and partly on the list board D, and act
as plummets; the middle part G is grooved to fit the upper part of the lower
jaw, and the part II rests on the cheek B. The parts I and J are cut out
about one-eighth of an inch deep, leaving the parts F and H projecting
downward, as indicated in Figures 2 and 4. The parts are so cut out in
order to allow the threads to pass under such portion without receiving any
pressure from the block, and the part J is in like manner cut out to make
a recess for the projection K to pass in. Each of the blocks A is held in
position by the projection K, which passes into the recess J, and by a
screw L for the head of which a recess is formed in the front of the
block A, as will be understood by Figures 1, 2, and 4. The head of the
screw prevents the block from rising. In twiners, as is well known, the threads
pass from the cops over the list boards to the spindles, and as the threads are
being drawn off and twisted a drag requires to be given to the threads to
keep them even, this is generally partially effected by the use of a loose
plummet, which rests on the list board, the thread passing between them.
In my arrangement the same result is produced by the threads passing
between the parts F, and the list board. It is also well known that during
the process of winding on, the threads which have been twisted during
the run out require to be held while they are being wound on during the run
in, this is generally effected by closing a pair of jaws which during the process

page_text: of twisting are open to allow the threads to pass between them. These jaws
extend the whole length of the twiner, the lower one is generally fixed, tho
upper one is moveable, and when the threads require to be held it is lowered
to close the jaws, which when closed hold the threads. Instead of the upper
or moveable jaw I employ the stationary blocks A, which effect the same
result, the threads being held between the blocks and the lower jaw when it
is raised. I have shewn the blocks A as applied to two spindles, which is
what I find most advantageous, but if preferred, a separate block may
be applied to each spindle, or one may be applied to more than two, care
being taken not to make the block of a size inconvenient to be ensily removed
when the threads require to be pieced. The form and size of these blocks must
be varied to suit the weight of the material they are made of and the amount
of drag they aro required to give.
In witness whercof, I, the said John Wain, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of February, One thousand cight hun-
dred and sixty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named John Wain in the
presence of
T. FRANK WRIGHT,
Clerk with Messrs. J. P. Aston & Son,
Solicitors,
Manchester.
JOHN WAIN. (L.S.).