Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning Hydrocarbon Oil.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 21st Sept., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning
Hydrocarbon Oil.
I, AUGUST KIESOW of 25 Fore Street Avenue in the City of London and
24 Georgenkirch Strasse, Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
Germany Lamp Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with lamps for burning
hydrocarbon oil, and is based upon an invention in respect of which Letters Patent
were granted to me dated the 13th day of September 1894 No. 17449 and which
invention consisted in a simple device for trapping the oil in the lamp and
preventing the spilling thereof upon the lamp being overturned, thus rendering
the use of hydrocarbon oils free from danger, and the present improvements consist
in the application of said invention to duplex flat wick burners.
In carrying the invention into effect the lamp burner is constructed in any well
known manner so as to make an hermetically tight joint with the reservoir or
container and in continuation thereof and beneath the wick tubes and fixed with
the burner is a wick case of waved form which extends to or near to the bottom
of the container or reservoir.
The wick case at its upper end is formed in transverse section of an oblong
rectangular form of an area that will embrace the ends of the two wick tubes of
the burner and instead of being straight or approximately so it is formed more or
less of a regular or irregular waved corrugated or S shape in the direction of its
length and preferably of a gradually lessening area from the top downward.
The wick case is by a central partition divided in the direction of its length into
two compartments one corresponding with each wick tube whilst at the upper part
thereof the partition terminates in a tapered filling piece or box the office of which
is to limit the area of each of the two wick cases formed by the partition and
consequently the quantity of oil contained therein whilst above or at the upper
part of the partition the two wick cases are placed in communication by a way
or passage.
Each loop or bend of each division of the S is carried beyond imaginary
vertical lines drawn in continuation of the corresponding wick tube so that when
the lamp is lying upon its side with the broad side of the wick case in a horizontal
position the lower or underside of one of the loops or bends of each division will
lie above said vertical lines of the corresponding wick tube which have now
assumed a horizontal position.
In order to insure the successful action of the device it is necessary that the
overturned lanıp should lie with the broad side of the wick case in a horizontal
position or approximately so, and for this purpose it is provided with any well
known means to compel the lamp to assume a given position when overturned.
In some cases the filling piece or box may be dispensed with and the central
partition may be carried to or nearly to the top of the wick case the communication
way between the two divisions being always preserved as an essential feature of
the invention.
By means of the device hereinbefore described any appreciable flow of oil from
the wick tubes upon the capsizing of the lamp will be prevented but in some cases
one or other of the wicks may remain alight although without danger and in order
i

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section representing a mineral oil suspension
lamp constructed according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan thereof.
Figure 3 is an end elevation thereof partly in section.
Figure 4 is a vertical transverse section of the wick case and a portion of the
burner separately.
Figure 5 is a horizontal section thereof taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a vertical section thereof but showing the lamp lying upon its side in
$ capsized position the wicks being removed for the sake of clearness.
Figure 7 is a similar view to Figure 6 but showing the lamp lying upon its
opposite side, and
Figure 8 is a detail view of the extinguisher showing the same in its normal
position.
Figure 9 is a similar view to Figure 8 but taken at right angles thereto.
Figure 10 is a similar view to Figure 4 but representing a slight modification.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference Figures 4 to 10 are drawn to an increased scale with respect to
Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Referring to Figures 1 to 9 a represents the reservoir or container of the lamp,
al represents the burner fitting which is fixed with the container a, and 6 represents
the burner which is of the duplex character and is provided with fastening means
such as those shown and described in my said former Specification by the aid of
which the burner b is caused to make an hermetically tight joint or approximately
so with the reservoir or container a or any other suitable means might be employed
for this purpose.
c represents the wicks and represents the ordinary wick tubes enclosing the
same whilst in continuation of the burner and beneath the wick tubes b² and fixed
with the burner b is a wick case of waved form which extends to or nearly to
the bottom of the container or reservoir a.
The wick case 3 at its upper end is formed in transverse section of an oblong
rectangular form as represented at Figure 5 of such an area as will embrace the
ends of the two wick tubes of the burner and instead of being straight or
approximately so it is formed more or less of a regular or irregular waved
corrugated or S shape in the direction of its length and preferably of a gradually
lessening area from the top downward.
The wick case 6 is by a central partition 64 divided in the direction of its length
into two compartments one corresponding with each wick tube & whilst at the upper
part thereof the partition terminates in a tapered filling piece or box 6* the office
of which is to limit the area of each of the two wick cases formed by the partition b
and consequently the volume of oil contained therein so that in the event of the
lamp being overturned there will be only a small quantity of oil flow out therefrom
as hereinafter described.
A way is left above or at the top of the partition 6 or filling piece 6** in
order to place the two divisions of the wick case 6 in communication at thut point
and thus afford a passage for air and oil and this is an essential feature of the present
invention which must in all cuses be observed.
Each loop or bend of each division of the S tube or wick case 63 is laterally
carried beyond imaginary vertical lines drawn in continuation of the corresponding
wick tube as indicated by the dotted lines x in Figures 6 and 7, so that when the

page_text: lamp is lying upon its side with the broad side of the wick case ³ in a horizontal
position as represented at Figures 6 and 7 the lower or under side of one of the
Joops or bends of each division of the wick case b* will lie above such dotted
lines x.
In order to ensure the successful action of the device it is necessary that the
overturned lamp should lie with the broad side of the wick case in a horizontal
position or approximately so, and for this purpose the lamp is provided with means
operating in a similar manner to those described in my said former Specification
but in this case instead of forming the reservoir or lamp body a oblong the burner
is provided with a gallery formed oblong in the direction of the flat side of the wick
case 3 thus compelling the lamp to assume the required position upon capsizing or
any other suitable means might be employed for that purpose.
By means of the device hereinbefore described any appreciable flow of oil from
the wick tubes upon the capsizing of the lamp will be prevented, but sometimes
one or other of the wicks c may remain alight, although without danger, and in
order to positively extinguish the flames upon the capsizing of the lamp the burner
is provided with any suitable automatic extinguishing apparatus which will come
into action upon the capsizing of the lamp, and such as that represented in the
accompanying drawings, and which consists of the well known vertically moveable
shutters which are raised by means of curved arms or levers carried by counter-
balanced weights 68 fixed upon a rock shaft or axis of motion 68* and which device
as represented at Figures 6 and 7 will raise the extinguishing shutters 68 in either
of the two capsized positions of the lamp, and thus instantaneously extinguish both
flames of the burner.
In the example given at Figure 10 the filling piece or box 64* is dispensed with
and the central partition is upwardly extended in lieu thereof but is caused to
terminate a short distance below the top of the wick case 6 thus preserving the
communication way b* between the two divisions of the wick case 63.
By the means herein before described upon a lamp fitted with a duplex burner of
the character herein before described being overturned into the position represented
at Figure 6 or 7, only a small quantity of oil will escape that is to say that portion
of the oil which is located within those parts of the compartments of the wick
case indicated by the shading in Figures 6 and 7 will flow out leaving in either
position two columns of oil between the shading and the end of the wick case 6³
through which air would need to descend into the container a in order to release the
oil contained therein, and inasmuch as air will not descend through a column of
fluid except under something more than ordinary atmospheric pressure, it follows
that a supply of air cannot enter the reservoir or container a through either com-
partment of the wick case ', and consequently the contained oil will be unable to
How therefrom and thus any danger of fire from the overturning of the lamp is
avoided.
If desired in lieu of the divided wick case 6 herein before shown and described
two separate and independent wick cases may be employed as will be readily
understood but it is indispensable that the wick cases communicate at the upper part
by a way or passage such as b*; the former is however the preferred arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In combination with a duplex lamp or lamp burner a wick case of waved,
corrugated or S shape in the direction of its length arranged to descend into the
reservoir or container and divided by a central partition into two compartments
communicating with each other at the upper part substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
2. In combination with a duplex lamp or lamp burner two wick cases of waved,
corrugated or S shape in the direction of their length communicating with each

page_text: other at the upper part and arranged to descend into the reservoir or container
substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
3. In combination with a duplex lamp or lamp burner a wick case of waved,
corrugated or S shape in the direction of its length arranged to descend into the
reservoir or container and divided by a central partition at its upper end terminating
in a box or filling piece into two compartments communicating with each other at
the upper part substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
4. In combination with a duplex lamp or lamp burner a divided wick case or two
wick cases of waved, corrugated or S shape in the direction of the length thereof
arranged to descend into the reservoir or container, a way connecting the two
divisions or cases at the upper part and an automatic device for extinguishing the
flames on the capsizing of the lamp substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 15th day of August 1895.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.