Improvements in or relating to Making and Applying Works of Fine Art, Pictures, Coats of Arms, Monograms, or other Painted Devices to Panels or other Surfaces.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1891-Accepted, 18th July, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Making and Applying Works of
Fine Art, Pictures, Coats of Arms, Monograms, or other Painted
Devices to Panels or other Surfaces.
I, WILLIAM GUNNINGHAM Albion Buildings 14 Canning Place Liverpool in
the County of Lancaster, Artist and Heraldic Painter do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object a method of painting coats-of-arms, crests,
monograms, ciphers, works of fine art, portraits, landscapes, names, and signs, and
the like in one place and afterwards transfering them to carriage panels, or other
panels, or canvass & the like in another place, and if desired, at a time long after
they were painted and finished.
By this means I can receive an order to paint a given work of art, coat-of-arms,
or sign I can paint it and send it off by post to a coach builder, or decorator, or any
private person a hundred miles away who transfers it. It then looks exactly as if
painted on " in situ."
The mode of operation which I adopt is as follows I coat the surface of a piece
of pervious paper (transparent if necessary) with an adhesive partly made from glue;
when dry and stretched on a frame upon which is fixed the drawing or design to be
painted which can be seen through the transparent pervious paper.
I then paint
the required work of art, armorial device or sign on the prepared surface, the right
way on as when it will appear on the panel, (e.i. not painted the reverse way).
When dry I cover the whole surface of the paint with a thin layer of weak glue
and place a piece of transparent pervious paper over it covering the whole surface,
I then put it under a light press to keep it level and free from air between, in a few
minutes when this glue has set, I take off the first paper on which the work of art,
or armorial device was painted and finished, by damping the back with water then I
easily lift away the first paper, leaving the back of the work of art or armorial
device quite bare and clear and complete. I then put a thin coat of adhesive com-
position over the surface which is now the back side of the painting, the thin
transparent pervious paper to which the face of the painting is now affixed is
strengthened on the edges with a mount of thick paper square or rectangular in
shape this mount not merely keeps the thin pervious paper straight but acts as a
straight edge or guide by which the person applying the-work of art or armorial
device to the panel can ensure its being placed truly upright. Now the thin pervious
paper thus mounted is ready to be sent off to the customer.
To apply it to the panel the prepared side of the transfer which is now the back
of the painting is damped, the composition being softened, the damped side is
pressed firmly to the panel, and all bubbles or wrinkles straightened out and left to
dry.
Now the thin piece of paper that held the painting by the front side of it is
well wetted, and pulled easily away leaving the painting as if painted on that surface.
In the place of the above mentioned adhesive composition gold size, or old oil or
varnish can be used, I have found that the composition being damped in the manner
herein described to be sufficient as an adhesive for affixing the transfer to the panel
and more convenient. I only mention the gold size, and oil, and varnish, so that it
can be used in those cases of a peculiar kind that may seem to require an adhesive
of this kind.
The invention is applicable not merely to small crests and monograms and the
like but for larger surfaces, such as signboards and ornamented devices for
decorators.
The invention is also applicable to the painting of portraits and transfering them

page_text: on any kind of surface. In the case of painting the portrait or pictures of any kind
from a photograph, I use the photograph in the stead of the first piece of pervious
paper herein refered to above. I coat the photograph in the same way and same
weak glue, by which means the portrait or picture is painted without in any way
injuring the photograph. By this means I get the portrait painted without drawing
the likeness and without the least fear of loosing the likeness, which enables the
portrait to be painted or any picture to be painted corectly, easily and quickly.
The invention is also applicable to all kinds of photographs, all kinds of
engravings, prints or drawings, the colours can be painted on its prepared surface
from nature either in water colour or in oil colour and then treated in the same
manner mentioned above. I then with a strong adhesive composition (as is before
mentioned) transfer the picture on to any kind of surface, viz. wood, canvass, silk
leather, cardboard, paper, linen, metal, china, terra cotta, or any other kind of
surface.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1. The process of manufacturing transfers of coats of arms, crests, monograms,
ciphers, or other painted devices by which the painting is transfered to the panel,
at any time after completion, in such manner that the original outside surface of
the painting remains the outside surface on the panel and the image is not painted
the reverse way, substantially as described.
2. The process of manufacturing transfers of portraits, landscapes, and any kind
of pictures from photograph, engraving print, etching, or any kind of drawing
without spoiling the photograph or engraving, or the drawing used, by which the
portrait or picture is transfered to the panel of other surfaces, and only the paint
and nothing of the photograph or engraving or drawing comes off, forming the
transfer, substantially as described.
3. As a new article of manufacture the transfers of works of art portraits
landscapes, coats-of-arms, crests, monograms ciphers decorating devices signboards
lettering & any picture or the like, substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1891.
WM. GUNNINGHAM,
Albion Buildings, 14, Canning Place, Liverpool.