A New or Improved Pile Wire and Cutter for Use in Looms for Making Cut Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Pile Wire and Cutter for Use in Looms for
Making Cut Pile Fabrics.
I, GUSTAVE SEGSCHNEIDER, of Yonkers in the County of Westchester, and State of
New York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention relates to an improved pile wire and cutter to be used in looms for
making cut pile fabrics, such as velvet, velveteen, plush, wilton carpets and the like,
the improvements being designed with a view to render the blade of the cutting knife
detachable from the pile wire, so that it can be readily sharpened or a new blade
inserted, and with a view to attach the head without soldering or brazing in a strong
and reliable manner to the opposite end of the pile wire.
The invention consists of a pile wire provided with a spring hook at one end and a
detachable blade retained by said hook, the hook having a groove extending along its
inner edge and along the shank of the pile wire so as to support the detachable blade.
The invention consists secondly, of a head attached to the opposite end of the pile
wire, the shank of the head being provided with spring jaws having grooved faces
which engage the enlarged and flattened end of the wire.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of one end of my
improved pile wire, shewing the cutter end of the same.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the opposite end of the same with my improved head
attached thereto.
Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section on line 2-x Fig. 1.
Figure 4 is a side view of the blade as detached from the pile wire.
Figure 5 is a vertical transverse section on line y—y Fig. 2.

page_text: Figure 6 is a side and top view of the enlarged flattened end of the pile wire, and
Figure 7 a detail side view of the head, shewn as detached from the pile wire, and
ready to be driven on the end of the same.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Referring to the drawings, A represents my improved pile wire which is bent at
that end to which the cutter is applied, into the shape of a hook B said hook being
provided at the inner edge with a groove a of uniform width that extends to some
distance along the shank of the pile wire A as shewn in Fig. 1.
A detachable plate C is inserted into the hook shaped end B and firmly
retained in position in the groove a of the same by the spring action exerted by the
outer slightly bent end 6 of the hook on the blade whereby the latter is held rigidly
and reliably in position. The blade is provided with a sharp slanting edge that
tapers towards the base of the blade, and with a blunt heel which fits into the spring
hook B and is removed therefrom or inserted therein by placing the wire into a vice
and taking hold of the blade by a pair of pliers. A series of sharpened blades C is
kept ready for use and inserted into the hook shaped ends of the pile wires as required,
the detached blades being easier handled in sharpening than blades formed integral
with the pile-wires or brazed or soldered thereto. The detachable blades can be
tempered better than fixed blades, so as to last much longer in cutting and effecting a
neater and cleaner cut on the piles of the fabric to be cut.
The opposite end of the pile wire A is provided with an enlarged and flattened
portion d to which the head D is applied. The flattened portion d tapers gradually
towards the shank of the wire as shewn clearly in Fig. 6. The shank DT
of the head D is provided with a tapering recesse having an enlarged portion
or eye el at the inner end as shown in Fig. 7. The faces of the tapering recess e
are provided with V shaped or other grooves, which serve to engage the edges of the
enlarged end of the pile wire A.
The recessed shank D¹ of the head D forms tapering spring shanks d' d', the grooved
faces of which engage the enlarged end of the pile wire, so as to be rigidly connected
thereto without requiring any brazing or soldering of the head to the end of the pile
wire which brazing or soldering effects an injurious influence on the pile wire as it
tends to weaken it next to the head and causes the breaking off of the wire close to the
head D. This is entirely avoided by my construction as by the same the original
temper and texture of the pile wire is retained without change. The head D is driven
on the enlarged and flattened end of the pile wire A by placing the recessed shank on
the enlarged end of the pile wire and driving the spring jaws of the head gradually by light.
blows over the enlarged end d of the pile wire, until it is stopped by the eye el of the
recess e as shewn in Figure 2. In this manner a strong and reliable connection
between the pile wire and the head or eye of the same is provided. The head D is
made of steel in the usual manner and provided with a gauge at the inner end and a
large eye for the engaging hook by which the wire is pulled through the pile for
cutting the same, and a tapering portion at the outer end for facilitating the entrance
of the hook into the eye of the wire, which features however, are well known and form
no part of my invention, the essential features of which are the arrangement of a
detachable blade on the spring hook at one end of the pile wire and the connection of
head with the enlarged or opposite end of pile wire by spring jaws described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First A combined pile wire and cutter composed of a pile wire having a spring
hook at one end and a detachable blade retained by said hook, substantially as set forth.
Second A combined pile wire and cutter, composed of a pile wire having a spring
hook at one end, the hook and shank of the pile wire being provided with a groove at
its inner edge, and a detachable blade inserted in said groove and retained by the
spring hook substantially as set forth.
:-
Third A combined" pile wire and cutter composed of a pile wire having a bent
hook at one end said hook being provided with a groove at the inner edge and an

page_text: inwardly bent outer end, and a detachable blade that is fitted in the groove and
retained by the spring action of the inwardly bent end of the hook substantially as set
forth.
Fourth-A detachable blade for pile wires having a blunt heel and a sharp tapering
cutting edge, substantially as set forth.
Fifth: The combination, with a pile wire having an enlarged and flattened end, of
a head the shank of which is provided with a tapering recess forming spring jaws for
engaging the enlarged end of the wire substantially as set forth.
Sixth-The combination, of a pile wire having an enlarged and flattened end, of a
head the shank of which is provided with a tapering recess having an enlarged rear
portion or eye and with grooves in the faces of the recess, so as to form spring jaws for
engaging the enlarged end of the wire substantially as set forth.
Seventh A head for pile wires the shank of which is provided with tapering
spring jaws having grooved faces substantially as set forth.
Dated this 10th day of March 1000.
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.