Improvements in connection with the Building Motions employed in Spinning, Twisting, and Winding Frames for Flax or other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1895

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Date of Application, 15th July, 1895-Accepted, 17th Aug., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with the Building Motions employed
in Spinning, Twisting, and Winding Frames for Flax or other
Fibrous Materials.
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I, THOMAS WATSON, of Milfort Mill, Belfast, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object to provide in connection with quadrants employed
with the building motions of spinning twisting and winding frames for flax or other
fibrous materials means whereby. cops or pirns of different lengths and diameter
can be wound in an efficient manner without altering in any way the spinning or
like frame.
According to my invention I secure to the tail of the quadrant a let off or drop
motion for the cop builders the said let off or drop motion being operated by a lever
pivotted to the quadrant and acted on by studs or stops at each oscillation of the
quadrant so as to let off a portion of the builder chains from the drums on which
they are wound until the said chains are sufficiently unwound from their drums
to complete the winding of the cops. The lever which is operated by the studs or
stops is connected at one end to an arm fast on a rock shaft which carries also a
double armed lever to which are connected sliding bolts or bars each of which is
provided with a spring pawl engaging with the teeth of a ratchet wheel so that by
the oscillating movement given to the lever by the studs or stops intermittent
motion of partial rotation is given to the said ratchet wheel through the rock shaft
the double armed lever and bolts carrying the spring pawls. The sliding bolts are
caused to move in opposite directions so that while one of the spring pawls is
rotating the ratchet wheel the other pawl is travelling over the teeth of the wheel
in the reverse direction to engage with another part of the wheel in readiness for
its next forward motion. This ratchet wheel is fast on a shaft or spindle on which
are two worms one of which worms gears with a worm wheel formed in one with or
attached to one of the drums or pulleys on which the builder chains are wound
whilst the other worm gears with a wheel which operates a disc or pointer to
indicate when the builder chains are wound on the drums for commencing the
winding of the pirns or cops.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed to further
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 of which
is a back view and Figure 2 a front view of the quadrant provided with a let
off motion, according to my invention. Figure 3 is a side elevation of the same
and Figure 4 a horizontal section on the line 1-2 Figure 1.
A is the quadrant mounted on a stud a on the frame of the machine and receiving
oscillatory motion by a pinion b gearing with the teeth or studs c on the segment.
To the stem A2 of the segment is secured a frame B having studs C carrying
drums or pulleys D on which the builder chains E are wound the said chains passing
round and being attached to pulleys E2 on the builder shafts E³. Formed in one
with or attached to each of these drums or pulleys D is a worm wheel F the said
'worm wheels being geared together so that by the rotation of one of these wheels
the other wheel is also rotated and consequently both drums D work together to
let off or to wind up, as the case may be, the chains E. Gearing with one of the
worm wheels F is a worm G on a shaft or spindle H-mounted in bearings I in the

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frame, B,ou which shaft there is also another worm K gearing with a worm wheel L.
cast in one with or attached to a disc M. The compound' wheel'and disc L and M
is mounted on a stud N carrying on its end in front of the disc a pointer O which
with reference to the position of a point or mark O2 on the disc M indicates the
progress of the winding. On the shaft H carrying, the worms G and K is a ratchet
wheel Piwith.the teeth of which ratchet wheel spring pawls Q'Q' engage the said
pawls being carried by sliding bolts or rods R R2 sliding in guides S S² in a
bracket T attached to the tail.A of the quadrant A The bolts R R2 are connected
respectively by links U U to arms V V on a rock shaft W mounted, in a bearing. X
fixed to the tail A2 of the quadrant; on which rock shaft is another arm Y.connected
by a link to one end of a lever dimounted so as to be free to oscillate on a stud e
on the tail A2 of the quadrant. The free end d² of this lever dis, at each oscillation
of the quadrant,-A-caused-to-come-into-contact-with-one or other of two stops or
studs fif fixed to the frame of the machine-thereby causing the said lever to turn
on its stude and impart through the link. Z and arın Y'a partial rotation, to, the 'rock
shaft W: and thence through the arms ViVandi connecting links' U'U sliding
movements, infopposite. directions to; the bolts, RtRso that when the pawl carried
by, one of the bolts is giving a motion of partial rotation to the ratchet wheel Pithe
pawl carried by, the other sliding, bolt rides over, the teeth of the wheel to engage a
tooth, of, the wheel at the rear, in readiness to give a further rotation to the said
wheel, the pawls Q Q2 thus acting alternately at each vibration of the segments so
as to impart a motion, of partial rotation to the wheel, Prand consequently to the
shaft. Hon which it is fixed and through the worms G on the shaft Hand worms
wheels F to the drums or pulley. D. whereby a portion of the builder chains is let
off or unwound, therefrom at each oscillation of the quadrant until the whole of the
chain is unwound, the length of, chain wound on the drums or pulleys determining
the length of the cops, to be wound so that by winding more or less of the chains
on, the pulleys, or, drums D., cops of greater or less length can be.wound as
required..
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The worm, K, on, the, shaft, or spindle Has the said shaft is being intermittently
rotated, gives, rotation, through the, wheel L to the disc Mion the studeN thereby
moving a point or mark, O on the said disc, further from the stationary pointer. O
at each intermittent motion of the ratchet wheel.:
When the winding frame is doffed the spring, pawls Q Qare disengaged from
the ratchet wheel, P as shewn,by, dotted lines in Figure 4 and held out of engage-
ment by bolts,g arranged to engage in holes or recesses intors projections on the
shanks, of the said pawls so that the ratchet wheel may be rotated in the reverse
direction to rewind, the builder,chains onto the pulleys or drums Deby means of a
handle or hand wheel fitted onto the shaft or spindle Has shewn by dotted lines in
Figure 1. The rewinding, is continued, until, the mark: O2 on the disc, Ma comes
opposite the stationary pointer O,which then indicates that the amount of builder
chain to form the length of cop required has been wound on the drums D The
pawls QQmay then be released, and the winding operation again started
The diameter of the pign.or, copis, determined, by the number of teeth in the
ratchet, wheel P., A., wheel, with a, small number of teeth being fitted on>>the
shaft, H for winding, pirns of small, diameter as the builder chains are thereby
unwound from the arms, Dimore rapidly than with a ratchet wheels having a
greater, number of teeth, whilst the roller of the frame always, delivers the
yarn at a uniform, speed. Consequently, the, diameter of. then pirn or cop will
depend, upon, the coarseness, or length of the teeth in the ratchet wheel P the
extent of motion of the pawls Q Qbeing regulated by adjusting the position of
the stops..
Having now particularly described' and' 'ascertained the nature of my, said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what: I
claim is
1. The combination, with a quadrant employed, with the building motions- of

page_text: spinning twisting and winding frames for flax or other fibrous materials of a let off
or drop motion comprising drums or pulleys on which the builder chains are wound
and means for partially unwinding the said chains from the drums at each oscillation
of the quadrant substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In combination with the quadrants employed with the building motions of
spinning twisting and winding frames of a let off or drop motion carried on the
quadrant and comprising drums or pulleys on which the builder chains are wound
the said drums being geared together and to a shaft carrying a ratchet wheel, a
lever carried on the quadrant, and stationary stops against which the lever is
brought into contact at each oscillation of the quadrant so as to cause the said lever
to impart to the ratchet wheel and through the gearing in connection therewith a
motion of partial rotation to the drums on which the builder chains are wound,
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
3. In combination with the quadrants employed with the building motions of
spinning twisting and winding frames of a let off or drop motion comprising
drums or pulleys on which the builder chains are wound and from which the said
chains are intermittently partially unwound at each oscillation of the quadrant
by means of a lever acted on by stops capable of adjustment so as to act on the
said lever sooner or later as required substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved let off
or drop motion for use with quadrants employed with the building motions of
spinning twisting and winding frames substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of July 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
Agents.