Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 12th Apr., 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th May, 1887.
I SAMUEL VICKESS of 136 Chatham Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Sugar Refiner do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
--
The object of the invention is to provide means whereby impurities or objectionable
matter shall be separated from solids such as ground animal charcoal, sand, grain,
shoddy, small coal and the like.
First. In the separation of impurities from solids I make use of a rotating cylinder
having an internal thread, through which the substance to be operated on is carried
in one direction, whilst water or liquid is caused to travel through the said cylinder in
the opposite direction. In combination with the above I employ a screw caused to
rotate with the cylinder at the end where the liquid enters. The screw may be caused
to rotate separately from the cylinder and the cylinder is carried at each end in boxes
or chambers.
Second. I combine with rotating cylindrical purifying appliances a rotating
chamber having shelves for delivering the treated material to a hopper, and liquid
collectors and distributors in connection with each shelf. The chamber is arranged
to rotate in a vessel containing liquid so that as each collector passes through the
liquid a certain amount of the said liquid is gathered and afterwards distributed or
allowed to flow over the shelf appertaining thereto.
Third. I combine with rotary purifying apparatus receivers having openings at the
lower end provided with angular deflectors so disposed as to allow any liquid to drain
away from the treated material.
Fourth. When the material being treated would be injured by dropping against the
sides or bottom of the receiver 1 partly fill the receiver with liquid so that the treated
material shall drop into the liquid and gradually displace it, means being provided for
allowing the said liquid as it is displaced to flow into a second receiver.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Impurities or
Objectionable Matter from Solids.
I SAMUEL VICKESS of 136 Chatham Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster,
Sugar Refiner do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of the invention is to provide means whereby impurities or objectionable
matter shall be separated from solids such as animal charcoal, sand, small coal, ore,
shoddy, grain, and the like.
First In the separation of impurities from solids I make use of a rotating cylinder
having an internal thread, the substance to be operated upon is carried through the
said cylinder in one direction whilst the water or liquid is caused to travel or flow
through in the opposite direction. In combination with the above cylinder I employ
at or near the end where the liquid enters the cylinder and the material operated
upon goes out, a screw caused to rotate with or separately from said cylinder, this
screw being of opposite pitch to the thread aforesaid or rotating in contrary direction
to the cylinder. Dispersed throughout the cylinder and secured to the thread are
stirrers placed radially to the cylinder but angled to a quick pitch so as to help the
work done by the screw. The cylinder rotates through the sides of boxes or tanks
placed at its ends-Said boxes being supplied with stuffing boxes and glands or the
like to make the junction with them and the water cylinder water tight.
Second I combine with rotary cylindrical purifying appliances a rotating chamber
having shelves for delivering the treated material to a hopper. Connected to each
shelf is a liquid collector and distributor (pocket). This chamber is arranged to
rotate within the box placed at the discharging end of the cylinder, which as the
liquid level is about or above the center of the cylinder contains liquid so that as
each collector passes through the liquid a certain amount of the said liquid is gathered
up and afterwards distributed or allowed at a given point to flow over the shelf
appertaining thereto.
Third-I combine with rotary purifying apparatus receivers having openings at the
lower end provided with angular (conical) deflectors so disposed as to allow liquid to
drain from treated material.
Fourth-When the material being treated would be injured by dropping against
the sides or bottom of the receiver I partially fill the receiver with liquid so that the
treated material shall drop into the liquid and gradually displace it, means being
provided for allowing the said liquid as it is displaced to flow into a second receiver.
In the six sheets of drawings herewith, three modifications of apparatus are shewn.
Sheet I figure 1. is a longitudinal section and figure 2. a plan of apparatns under
my invention. Sheet 11. fig. 3. is a view of the feed end, figure 4. a view partially in
section of the discharging end and figure 5. a transverse section of the apparatus.
Sheet III figure 6. is an elevation and fig. 7. a plan of the receivers. Sheet IV
figure 8. is an enlarged view of the bottom of a receiver and fig. 9. an enlarged view
of the delivery chamber. Sheet V. Figure 10 is an elevation of apparatus with one

page_text: cylinder over another. Figure 11. detail view Sheet VI figure 12 is a plan and 13 an
elevation of apparatus with cylinders placed end to end.
Under the first and second parts 1. is a cylinder supported on wheels 2. and caused
to rotate by gear 3., 4. is the internal thread, 5. screw carried on a shaft 6. or
attached to the thread of the cylinder 1, 7. boxes or chambers containing the ends of
the cylinders 1. 8 feed hopper, 9 delivery Shoot.
The delivery end of the cylinder is made with a chamber 10. having shelves 11. and
liquid collectors and distributors 12. The said collectors and distributors 12. consist
of boxes having openings 13. for the entrance of liquid from the chambers or boxes 7.
and openings 14. for the passage of the liquid on to the shelves 11., 15. dirty water
overflow canal, 16. pipe to convey away dirty or spent liquid, 17. valve, 18. Stirrers.
The above apparatus is used as follows:-On the liquid being admitted and allowed
to fill the cylinder and boxes up to the dirty liquid outflow level the cylinder is
made to rotate and the matter to be cleaned purified or treated, is fed through the
hopper 8. into the cylinder 1. and is carried through the said cylinder by means of
the thread 4. into the chamber 10. where it is raised by the Shelves 11. and upon
the said Shelves arriving at a given angle, the liquid collectors and distributors
(pocket) discharge their liquid through opening 13. and valve 17. behind the
treated material carried by the corresponding Shelf, freeing it and allowing its
easy discharge into the shoot 9. The clean or fresh liquid enters the box 7. which
is attached to the discharging shoot and within which revolves the chamber 10.
flows through the cylinder to the dirty liquid overflow canal 15. and out through the
pipe 16. The action that the thread 4. has upon the liquid is neutralized and over-
come by the screw 5. and stirrers 18 and thus the liquid flows constantly in contrary
direction to the material being treated, that is the cleaner material is met by the
cleaner liquid.
Under the third and fourth parts:-19. are four receivers provided with annular
conical deflectors 20., 21. charging ways, 22. passages past deflectors, 23. discharging
doors, 24. ways leading from one receiver to another, 25. cock, or valve, opening or
closing the ways from one receiver to another, 26. movable conveyer, 27. pipes for
carrying off liquid from the receivers.
The above apparatus is used in combination with the apparatus described under the
first and second heads as follows:-The cleaned material is delivered through the
shoot 9. and conveyer 26. to one of the receivers 19. when it falls to the bottom:
as the receiver fills the liquid flows up the passages 22., and is carried off by the
pipe 27.
The conveyer is then moved so as to discharge the cleaned and purified
matter from the cylinder 1. into another receiver, the door 23. is opened and the
treated matter discharged. When the matter would be damaged by falling directly
to the bottom of the receiver the said receiver is partly filled with liquid and the
treated material falls into the said liquid: as the liquid becomes displaced it flows
through the ways 24. directed by the valve 25. into the receiver next to be used.
In Sheet V figure 10. two cylinders are shewn one above the other and the matter
partly cleaned in one is delivered by the shoot 9. into the other when the cleaning is
completed. The cleaning liquid is raised from the feed end of the bottom cylinder to
the discharging end of the top cylinder.
In Sheet VI figures 12. and 13. two cylinders are disposed end to end and deliver
from one to the other through the shoot 9.
It is sometimes desirable to pass the matter to be cleaned through a rotary screen
before it is allowed to enter the cylinder, in which case the said screen is placed in
any convenient position and the liquid before leaving the cylinder may be used to
roughly wash the matter and to help it to pass through the screen.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim in
apparatus for separating impurities and objectionable matter from solids is :-
First A rotary cylinder having an internal thread with a fixed or movable screw

page_text: placed within this thread when the matter to be acted upon passes through the said
cylinder in the manner specified.
Second-The combination of a rotating cylinder with a chamber having shelves and
liquid collectors and distributors substantially as set forth.
Third-In combination with apparatus for separating impurities and objectionable
matter from solids-Receivers having openings and deflectors substantially in the
manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth Constructing receivers under my invention with connections for allowing
liquid to flow from one to another, substantially in the manner and for the purpos
set forth.
Fifth The combination of two or more of the apparatus under my invention.
Sixth-The general arrangement of the apparatus as set forth.
Dated this Ninth day of April 1887.
JAMES JOHNSON,
Patent Office,
4, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Agent.