IM- PROVEMENTS IN HANDLES OR KNOBS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES, AND IN THE MEANS OF APPLYING THEM
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Matthias Hart, of 76, Cheapside, in the City
of London, and Robert Lavender, of 2, Acacia Cottages, New Road,
Hornsey, both in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HANDLES OR KNOBS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES, AND IN THE MEANS
OF APPLYING THEM."
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Matthias Hart
and Robert Lavender at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 27th August 1861.
We, JOHN MATTHIAS HART, of 76, Cheapside, in the City of London,
and ROBERT LAVENDER, of 2, Acacia Cottages, New Road, Hornsey, both
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HANDLES OR KNOBS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES,
AND IN THE MEANS OF APPLYING THEM," to be as follows:-
When two handles (one on each side of a door) are used one of them may
be made fast to the spindle as heretofore, and the spindle is formed square or
of other angular form with a thread cut into the angles to a length likely
to be required and to receive a nut, the external figure of which corresponds
with that of a recess in the knob or handle, or is so constructed that the

page_text: turning of the knob or handle will whilst it turns the spindle hold the nut
from turning thereon. The rosette or rose on the side of the fixed handlo
is provided with blades or projections in a radial direction adapted to pass
into corresponding saw cuts in the door, or it is provided with other suitable
projections to pass into corresponding recesses in the door to hold the rose
or rosette from turning, or it may be fixed by screws or other means. At
the other end of the spindle there is a supplemental or false rose or a plato
with similar projections to pass into suitable recesses on that side of the
door, or the false rose may be otherwise secured to the door. On the opposite
side of this supplemental rose or plate there is a cylindrical projection tapped
to correspond with a thread on what we may call the rose proper or visible,
and which is held on to the neck of the knob or handle by a screw ring,
or nut, or other suitable means, when the knob or handle is applied by the
screwing on of the visible rose or rosette on to the supplemental or false
rose or plate, or the rose proper may be attached to the false rose by studs
or projections from the one passing into corresponding receptacles in the
other; this visible rose is retained from being readily loosened from the
supplemental one by a spring with a stud or projection on the one acting
upon teeth or corrugations on the other, or by simple friction which may be
aided by a ring of india-rubber or other packing, or by other means. By
these means the same spindle is adapted to various thicknesses of doors as
well as to different kinds of locks and latches, and to irregularities of either
locks or latches, or doors, or knobs, or handles, or parts thereof.
The improvements also relate to other means for compensating for irre-
gularities of the fittings when applying knobs or handles to locks or latches
of doors. For this purpose we apply a taper socket with or without a joint
with a universal movement in the handle or knob to connect it to the end
of the shaft or axis. By another method we secure to the door a plate with
a hole through it, for the shaft and around which project segments tapped
or with a thread thereon to correspond with other segments projecting from
another smaller plate so that when the segments of the respective plates are
brought together they will form a continuous screw to receive a connecting
nut or collar enclosing both plates and forming an ornamental cover to them.
To one of the plates is affixed the handle or knob by means of a nut or
washer.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 27th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
MATTHIAS HART, of 76, Cheapside, in the City of London, and ROBERT
LAVENDER, of 2, Acacia Cottages, New Road, Hornsey, both in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred, and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender,. Her special licence that
we, the said John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Matthias
Hart and Robert Lavender, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HANDLES OR KNOBS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES, AND IN THE MEANS
OF APPLYING THEM," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that the said John Matthias Hart and Robert
Lavender, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
When two handles (one on each side of a door) are used, one of them may
be made fast to the spindle as heretofore and the spindle is formed square
or of other angular form with a thread cut into the angles to a length likely
to be required and to receive a nut, the external figure of which corresponds
with that of a recess in the knob or handle, or is so constructed that the

page_text: turning of the knob or handle will whilst it turns the spindle hold the nut
from turning thereon. The rosette or rose on the side of the fixed handlo
is provided with blades or projections in a radial direction adapted to pass
into corresponding saw cuts in the door, or it is provided with other suitable
projections to pass into corresponding recesses in the door to hold the rose or
rosette from turning, or it may be fixed by screws or other means. At the
other end of the spindle there is a supplemental or false rose or a plate with
similar projections to pass into suitable recesses on that side of the door, or
the falso rose may be otherwise secured to the door. On the opposite side
of this supplemental rose or plate there is a cylindrical projection tapped to
correspond with a thread on what we may call the rose proper or visible, and
which is held on to the neck of the knob or handle by a screw, ring, or nut,
or other suitable means. The knob or handle is applied by the screwing
on of the visible rose or rosette on to tho supplemental or false rose or plate,
or the rose proper may be attached to the false rose by studs or projections
from the one passing into corresponding receptacles in the other. This
visible rose is retained from being readily loosened from the supplemental
one by a spring with a stud or projection on the one acting upon teeth or
corrugations on the other, or by simple friction which may be aided by a
ring of india-rubber or other packing or by other means. By these means
tho samo spindle is adapted to various thicknesses of doors as well as to
different kinds of locks and latches and to irregularities of either locks or
latches, or doors, or knobs, or handles, or parts thereof.
Secondly, the improvements relate to other means for compensating for
irregularities of the fittings when applying knobs or handles to locks or
Intches of doors. For this purpose we apply a taper socket, with or without
a joint, with a universal movement in the handle or knob to connect it to the
end of the shaft or axis. By another method we secure to the door a plate
with a hole through it for the shaft, aud around which project segments
tapped or with a thread thereon to correspond with other segments projecting
from another smaller plate, so that when the segments of tho respective plates
are brought together, they will form a continuous screw to receive a connecting
nut or collar, enclosing both plates and forming an ornamental cover to them.
To one of the plates is affixed the handle or knob by means of a nut or
washer.
But that the Invention may be fully understood we will proceed, aided by
the accompanying Drawing, to describe means which we have found to answer
in carrying the same into effect.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows partly in section an arrangement according to the first
part of our Invention; Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, show parts separately.
a is the spindle to one end of which is made fast the handle b; this spindle
it will be seen is formed square though it may be of other angular form,
and it has portions of a screw thread cut into the edges or corners of these
angles, as at a, adapted to receive a nut c, the external figure of which
corresponds with a recess in the inner end of the knob or handled whilst
this part of the knob or handle d is formed to the Figure of the spindle, so
that supposing the knob to be secured to the door by a suitable rose the
turning of the handle will turn the spindle and prevent the turning of the
nut c thereon; e is what we call a supplemental or false rose or plate with
radial projections e³ thereon adapted to pass into saw cuts or grooves formed
for them in the door so as to prevent this plate e from turning. Or this
plate e may be otherwise secured to the door, and on the other side of this
plate e there is a cylindrical projection e³ tapped to correspond with a thread
on what may be called the rose proper f, or the visible rose to that handle
d, and which is made secure to the neck d¹ of the handle d by means of the
ring nut 9 screwed on to such neck d¹. The parts are applied in the following
manner: Supposing the spindle to be passed through the door to the
extent desired the false rose or plate e is first applied, the nut c is then
screwed down as close as need be, then the handled with the parts f, g, is
applied thereon so that the nut c will pass into the recess for it in the
neck d', and the thread on the rose f may be secured to the ring e² of the
plate e by screwing as stated, or by other suitable means.
When the rose f
is screwed as explained to the plate e it is prevented from coming unscrewed
by springs h with studs on the plate e passing into notches or recesses f¹ in
the rose f, or it may be by simple friction, aided by india-rubber or other
suitable packing, or by other means. By these means the same spindle is
adapted to various thicknesses of doors as well as to different kinds of locks
and latches and to irregularities of either locks, or latches, or doors, or knobs,
or handles, or parts thereof. The rosette or rose b¹ to the handle b is also
provided with blades 65 adapted to pass into corresponding saw cuts in that
side of the door so as to hold that rosette from turning, or it may be secured
by other means.
Figures 6 and 7 show two views of an arrangement according to the second
part of the Invention, with a universal movement in the handle or knob; h is

page_text: the bandle connected to the axis or shaft i by a pin joint i, the opening in
tho handle being formed taper to admit of the axis i moving therein whilst
this part of the shaft is also formed with a joint at right angles to the
part i.
Figure 8 shows a modification of this part of the improvements in which
the taper in the socket of the handle is in the opposite direction, and the
spindle is held therein by a washer and pin k. Figure 9 shows a section,
and Figures 10, 11, and 12, shew parts separately of another arrangement
of parts. In this case is the spindle and m the knob or handle to be secured
to the door so as to turn the spindle. For this purpose the internal part
of the neck m' of the knob m is formed square or of other Figure corre-
sponding with that of the spindle but of a conical form to allow of play,
and the platen is first fastened to the door. This plate is formed with
projecting segments n¹ and there is a plate o with corresponding segments o¹,
which, when the parts n and o are together, come between the segments n' on
the plate n and the whole is secured together by the rose p, such rose being
formed with a female screw to screw on to the malo screw on the parts n¹ and
o. The plate o is secured to the knob by the nut q.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the means
which we adopt in carrying the same into effect we would have it understood
that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details shown and described so
long as the peculiar character of the several combinations be substantially
retained as explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Matthias Hart and Robert
Lavender, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh
day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-two.