CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF BREWING OR OBTAINING DECOCTIONS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO CONDENSING. REFRI- GERATING, OR OTHER. SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Mills Dix, of Hanley, in the County of
Stafford, Brewer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROCESS OF BREWING OR OBTAINING DECOCTIONS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO CONDENSING. REFRI-
GERATING, OR OTHER. SUCH LIKE PURPOSES."
Sealed the 9th November 1858, and dated the 13th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Mills Dix at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th May 1858.
I; ALEXANDER MILLS DIX, of Hanley, in the County of Stafford, Brewer,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PROCESS OF BREWING OR OBTAINING DECOCTIONS. AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THERE WITH, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO CONDENSING REFRIGERATING.
OR OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in the novel application, employment, or use of
a condensor or refrigerator in connection with the closed boiling pan, or vessel
in order to prevent the escape of the effluvia during the boiling of hops or
other aromatic. substances.
Secondly, in the novel employment or use of a condensor or refrigerator as
applied to the boiling of any other liquid when necessary to boil in vacuo, or
Price Sd.]

page_text: under the ordinary boiling point of such liquids, whether aromatic or not.
These novel operations I perform either by the particular arrangement of
condensor, &c., next described, or by the application or use of any well-known
condensing or refrigerating apparatus.
Thirdly, my improved apparatus to be employed for either condensing,
refrigerating, or other such like purpose, consists of a coil of piping placed
between two cylinders or drums, the inner one being somewhat less in
diameter, leaving only sufficient space for the coil of piping to be fixed
between the cylinders, and so as not to come in contact with either cylinder,
the method of condensing being to pass the steam, &c. over the coil of piping
and between the two cylinders in thin streams,and to assist the passage of the
stean, &c. by means of an agitator or propelling fan placed above and within
the condensor, a stream of cold water passing simultaneously through the coil
of piping; the tube or pipe which conveys the steam and aroma to the top of
the condensor or refrigerator,terminating in the closed vessel used for brewing
or-boiling purposes; the reversing of the passages of the hot and cold streams
renders the same apparatus available for boiling purposes if required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Mills Dix in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
MILLS DIX, of Hanley, in the County of Stafford, Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,' the said
Alexander Mills Dix, Her especial license that I, the said Alexander Mills
Dix, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Alexander Mills Dix, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might inake, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, m Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PROCESS OF BREWING OR OBTAINING DECOCTIONS, AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THERE WITH, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO CONDENSING,
REFRIGERATING, OR OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES," upon the condition, amongst
..

page_text: others, that I, the said Alexander Mills Dix, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature"
of the said Invention, and in what maurier the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Mills Dicks, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention consists, first, in the novel application, employment,or use of
a condenser or refrigerator in connection with the closed boiling pan or vessel
in order to prevent the escape of the effluvia during the boiling of the hops or
other aromatic sustances.
Secondly, in the novel employment or use of a condenser or refrigerator as
applied to the boiling of any other liquid when necessary to boil in vacuo, or
under the ordinary boiling point of such liquids, whether aromatic or not.
These novel operations I perform either by the particular arrangement of
condenser,&c.next described, or by the application or use of any well-known
condensing or refrigerating apparatus.
Thirdly, my improved apparatus to be employed either for condensing,
refrigerating, or other such like purposes, consists of a coil of piping placed
between two cylinders or drums, the inner one being somewhat less in
diameter, leaving only sufficient space for the coil of piping to be fixed
between the cylinders, and so as not to come into contact with either cylinder,
the method of condensing being to pass the steam,&c.over the coil of piping,
and between the two cylinders in thin streams, and to assist the passage of
the steam, &c. by means of an agitator or propelling fan placed above and
within the condenser, a stream of cold water passing simultaneously through
the coil of piping; the tube or pipe which conveys the steam and aroma to the
top of the condenser or refrigerator terminating in the closed vessel used for
brewing or boiling purposes; the reversing of the passages of the hot and cold
streams renders the same apparatus available for boiling purposes.
In order that the Invention may be better understood, and explained in
detail. I have hereunto attached two Sheets of Drawings, made upon a scale
of about two inches to a foot.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of that description of
as above described, wherein three vessels are employed.
apparatus
In Sheet 2, Fig. 1 is a plan view, and Fig. 2, a sectional elevation of an

page_text: apparatus of more simple construction, wherein the various processes are
effected in one vessel.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1, a, a, is the vat or vessel containing the liquor to be
boiled, by means of steam supplied to and circulating through the coil of
piping b, b. The steam and aroma arising from the boiling liquid is
exhausted from the upper portion of the vat through the pipe c into the
chamber by means of the agitator or fan c, which is driven at a high speed
by suitable means; between the outer chamber and the inner cylinder / a
coil of piping 9, 9, is arranged, through which a stream of cold water
circulates or passes in and out of the pipe h, '; by this means the steam, &c.
exhausted from the vat becomes condensed,and falling to the lowest point of
the vessel or chamber d is returned by the pipe i to the vat. When the
liquid has been sufficiently boiled it is drawn off from the vat by the pipe k
into the cooling vessel /, which is similar in construction to the condenser,
consisting in a coil of piping m, and an inner cylinder n, so that as the liquid
passes in thin streams over and around the pipes containing the cold water it
becomes cooled, and is finally withdrawn from the cooler by the pipe and
tap o at the bottom of the chamber. The vat or vessel a, a, is supplied with
a double valve p, which will act either as a pressure valve when the pressure
of steam in the vat is too high, or as a vacuum valve to supply air when the
steam and air is exhausted too rapidly; it is also furnished with a pressure
gunge q, which may be of any suitable description.
In Sheet 2, Fig. 2a, a, is the vit or vessel in which the various processes
are effected without the employment of extra chambers. The coil of piping
b, b, may either be supplied with steam or cold water by means of a suitable
tap cand coil d,d, being always supplied with a stream of cold water. When
it is required to boil the liquor, steam is supplied and circulated through the
pipes b, b, and the liquor is propelled or agitated about such piping by means
of the fane upon the central shaft f, which is suitably driven; as the steam
and aroma rises from the boiling liquid it is circulated or agitated around the
cold water piping d, d, by the fan e', and it thereby becomes condensed and
falls into the liquid below. When the process of boiling has been completed,
the steam is turned off and cold water circulated through the coil of piping b,b,
and the propellors or fans kept in motion until the liquid is sufficiently cooled,
when it may be withdrawn by means of the pipe and tap h; this form of
apparatus is also furnished with the necessary valves and guage, as previously
described.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
methods of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly

page_text: understood that I claim the preventing the escape of the aroma or effluvia
during the boiling of hops or other aromatic substances by means of the novel
application and employment of a condenser in connection with the closed
boiling vat or vessel, whether the liquid be boiled in vacuo or otherwise, and
whether the processes be performed in one or separate vessels.
Secondly, I claim the application, employment, or use of the condensing
apparatus, also for the purposes of refrigerating.
And, thirdly, I claim the general arrangementand construction of apparatus
for effecting the above-desired objects, as herein-before described, set forth,
and fully exhibited in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Mills Dix, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
'ALEXANDER MILLS DIX. (L.S.)