Improvements in Adjustable Spanners or Wrenches.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 31st Dec., 1891-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners or Wrenches.
We JOSEPH LUCAS and HARRY LUCAS trading as J. Lucas & Son, of the
Tom Bowling Lamp Works, Little King Street, Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Lamp Manufacturers, and ALFRED HENRY BISHOP, Mechanic of the
Works aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
Our invention relates to an improved adjustable spanner or wrench, and it has for
its object, certain improvements in construction resulting in a stronger and better
article.
After the
The handle and fixed jaw forming the body, of our improved wrench are formed
out of one piece of metal. The handle is forined with a " set off*** or swelling on
one side, for a purpose which will presently be made clear. This handle is slotted
right through from one side with the exception of the "set off" or swelling herein-
before referred to, to adapt it to receive the shank of the adjustable jaw which is so
shaped and fashioned as to have a bearing on cach side of the handle.
shank of the adjustable jaw in position in the slot in the handle the edges of the
slot are turned in to confine the said shank. On the one edge-preferably the back
one of the shank of the adjustable jaw are cut, or formed, a series of teeth with
which a worm wheel, mounted in a slot cut in the "set off" or swelling in the
handle of the wrench, engages, and provides a means of moving the adjustable jaw,
the thread of the worm wheel being milled longitudinally to enable it to be easily
turned by the fingers, the wheel thereby serving a double purpose.
If desired the free end of the shank carrying the adjustable jaw may be shaped
to form or carry a screw driver, which when the jaws of the wrench are closed
is concealed within the handle, and protrudes through the end thereof as the jaws
are opened.
Dated this 1st day of April 1891
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E., ETC.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners or Wrenches.
We JOSEPH LUCAS and HARRY LUCAS, trading as J. Lucas and Son, of the
Tom Bowling Lamp Works, Little King Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick Lamp Manufacturers, and ALFRED HENRY BISHOP, Mechanic of the
Works aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
Our invention relates to an improved adjustable spanner or wrench, and it has
for its object certain improvements in construction resulting in a stronger and
better article.
The handle and fixed jaw forming the body of our improved spanner or wrench
<< set off" or
are formed out of one piece of metal. The handle is formed with a
swelling on one side for a purpose which will be presently be made clear. This
handle is slotted right through from one side with the exception of the "set off"
or swelling hereinbefore referred to, to adapt it to receive the shank of the
adjustable jaw which is so shaped and fashioned as to have a bearing on each side

page_text: of the handle. The adjustable jaw is placed in position in the slot in the handle of
the fixed jaw by springing open the sides of the said handle and pressing them.
together after the adjustable jaw is in position in the said slot and the lower part
of the edges of the slot are turned in to confine the said shank. On the one edge-
preferably the back one-of the shank of the adjustable jaw are cut or formed a
series of teeth with which a worm wheel, mounted in a slot cut in the "set off" or
swelling in the handle of the wrench engages and provides a means of moving the
adjustable jaw, the thread of the worm wheel being milled longitudinally to
enable it to be easily turned by the fingers, the wheel thereby serving a double
purpose.
If desired the free end of the shank carrying the adjustable jaw may be shaped
to form or carry a screw driver, which when the jaws of the wrench are closed is
concealed within the handle and protrudes through the end thereof as the jaws are
opened.
In order that our invention may be fully understood we will more particularly
describe it making reference the the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1. is a view in side elevation of our improved wrench.
Figure 2 is a view in front elevation thereof.
Figure 3 is a view in side elevation of the fixed jaw and handle ready to
receive the adjustable jaw.
Figure 4 is a view in plan of the adjustable jaw.
Figure 5 is a view in cross section on line, x, Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a view in cross section on line y, y, Figure 1, and
Figure 7 is a view in cross section on line, z, Figure 3.
Throughout these views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
The fixed jaw A is made in one piece with the handle B which has a swelling or
"set off" B on the back side of it. Through the handle B a slot is cut right.
through from the jaw A to the end, with the exception of the swelling or
"set off B¹ In the swelling or "set off" B' is cut a transverse slot extending
into the slot as shown by Figure 3, and through the said swelling or
" set off"
longitudinal hole is drilled to receive a pin on which a small worm wheel C
is mounted in the slot 71. Before this is done the adjustable jaw D having a
shank D is placed in position in the handle B of the fixed jaw by springing open
the slot b between the fixed jaw A. and the top of the swelling or set off" B', the
jaw D having slots d, d, on each side to engage with the sides of the handle B. On
the back side of the shank D of the adjustable jaw D are cut a series of teeth ', ',
etc. with which the worm wheel C engages, and by which the motion given to the
said worm wheel is imparted to the adjustable jaw. To facilitating the turning of
the worm wheel C, its teeth are milled longitudinally as shown in the accom-
panying drawing. The slot is of such a depth that it fines with the back edge of
the upper part of the handle so that the shank D' of the adjustable jaw D takes a
bearing on the back of the slot at the swelling or "set off" B', and it is confined
at this part of the handle by turning the edges 63, 63, of the handle after the shank
is in position as shown by Figure 6. The other side of the handle at the point
Figure 3. is then brought to the shape shown by Figure 1. and the wrench is
completed. If desired a screw driver end may be formed on or fixed to the end of
the shank D as shown by Figure 1.
We wish it to be particularly understood that we do not limit ourselves to the
precise details of construction herein before described and illustrated by the accom-
panying drawing but that we hold ourselves at liberty to make such changes and
alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1st. The improved adjustable spanner or wrench constructed as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.

page_text: 2nd. In an adjustable spanner or wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw forming
part of a handle having a swelling or set off" on its back side and slotted
throughout its length with the exception of the said swelling or "set off," of an
adjustable jaw having a shank adapted to fit and slide in the slotted part of the
handle and having teeth cut in its back edge, of a milled worm wheel fitting in a
slot in the swelling or "set off" on the handle and adapted to engage with the
teeth on the shank of the adjustable jaw, as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. In an adjustable spanner or wrench, the combination of the fixed jaw A
formed on or fixed to the handle B having a swelling or "set off" B', of the slot b
* set
formed in the handle B, of the transverse slot formed in the swelling or
off" B', of the hole 62 in the said swelling or "set off" adapted to receive the pin c,
of the worm wheel C mounted on the pin c, of the adjustable jaw D formed on or
fixed to the shank D' and having slots d, din cach side thereof, of the teeth d', d³, etc.
in the shank D', as and for the purpose set forth.
4th. In an adjustable spanner or wrench the adjustable jaw of which is adapted
to work in a slot cut right through the handle and having a shank provided with
teeth whereby it may be operated by a worm wheel carried by the handle, placing
the said adjustable jaw in position by springing open the sides of the handle and
pressing them together again after the adjustable jaw is in position, and confining
the shank in the slot in the handle by turning in the edges of the said slot, as
hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 31st day of December 1891.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.