MENTS IN TREATING CERTAIN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING THE COLORING MATTER OF MADDER
Year: 1858

page_text: MENTS IN TREATING CERTAIN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING THE COLORING MATTER
OF MADDER."
Sealed the 1st June 1858, and dated the 31st March 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Albert Gatty.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st March 1858.
I, FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING CERTAIN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING THE COLORING.
MATTER OF MADDER," to be as follows:-
When a solution of the coloring matter of madder with soap is precipitated
with an earthy salt, such as a salt of alumina, lime, magnesia, or baryta, an
insoluble compound is formed, consisting of the coloring matter of madder,
fatty matter, the base of the earthy salt used in precipitating the color, and a
greater or less amount of impurities, according to the purity of the solution.

page_text: of the coloring matter of madder. Now, my Invention consists in making
the coloring matter of the said compounds available for printing by purifying
them and setting the coloring matter at liberty. I treat the said compounds
with an alkali, in order to separate as much of the fatty matter and other
impurities as possible, and then with an acid to dissolve the earthy base in
order to set the coloring matter at liberty.
In some cases the above preliminary process of treating with an alkali may
be dispensed with. After the separation of the liquid part containing the
earthy base, the coloring matter is dissolved in an alkali, and may then be
used for printing in the ordinary way.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Albert Gatty in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing
Chemist, send greeting.
: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederick Albert Gatty, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TREATING CERTAIN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING THE COLORING MATTER OF
MADDER," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick
Albert Gatty, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly de-
scribe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
:-
When a solution of the coloring matter of madder, containing at the same
time soap or a fatty acid, is precipitated with an earthy salt, such as a salt of
alumina, lime, magnesia, or baryta, insoluble compounds are formed, consisting
of the coloring matter of madder, the fatty matter, the base of the earthy salt
used in precipitating the color, and a greater or less amount of impurities,
according to the purity of the solution from which the compound has been
obtained. Now, my Invention consists in making the said compounds available
for printing purposes by purifying them, and setting the coloring matter at
liberty, and rendering it soluble in alkalis.
In performing my Invention I take two hundred pounds weight of one of
the above-named compounds containing the coloring matter of madder, and
mix them with about two hundred gallons of water, to which are added forty
pounds of carbonate of soda. The whole is then heated by steam or otherwise,
and boiled for balf an hour, the mixture is then run into a filter, where it is
left to drain. Although I prefer the use of carbonate of soda, any other
alkaline salt or alkali capable of dissolving fatty acids will answer the purpose.
When all the liquid has drained off, the solid matter is taken from the filter
and mixed with thirty pounds of muriatic acid of commerce, with which it is
left until the coloring matter, which at first partly dissolves with the base, is
reprecipitated, and the liquid, when filtered, is colorless. I find that the
desired effect is produced in from twenty-four to thirty hours. In place of
muriatic acid, any other acid capable of dissolving the base will answer the
purpose. When the acid has produced its effect the whole is put upon a
filter, where it is washed with water until free from any acid; the precipitate
is then dissolved in ammonia or any other suitable alkali. I find that the
best proportions are six ounces of ammonia of the specific gravity of 0.970 for
every pound of well-drained precipitate. In some cases I dispense with the
boiling of the compounds with carbonate of soda or other alkali, and treat
them at once with muriatic acid in the same proportions and in the same
manner as if they had been previously boiled with an alkali.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and how the same is
to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not claim as my
Invention the making of the above-named compounds, nor do I confine
myself to the exact proportions given above, as they may be varied according

page_text: to the purity or richness of the compounds containing the coloring matter of
madder, but what I claim. as my Invention is treating the said compounds in
the manner stated above, in order to set the coloring matter at liberty, and to
render it soluble in alkalis.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, have hereunto
set' my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester. *
F. A. GATTY. (L.S.)