IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Charles Vincent Holmes, of Sussex Place, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, and Stephen Henry Emmens, of Argyll Street,
in the County of Middlesex, Actuary for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
GALVANIC BATTERIES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Charles Vincent
Holmes and Stephen Henry Emmens at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 13th October 1882.
GEORGE CHARLES VINCENT HOLMES, of Sussex Place in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, and STEPHEN HENRY EMMENS, of Argyll Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Actuary, IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES."
"
Our invention relates to improved means of diminishing the internal resistance
and increasing the electromotive force and constancy of galvanic batteries, by
modifications in the form of the electrodes and in the de-hydrogenising or
depolarising fluids and substances hitherto employed.
We contruct either the negative or positive electrode, or both, of rods, wires, or
slabs, of the substance employed, the said rods, wires, or slabs, being either fagoted
together or held in position by a suitably perforated or cast head-piece.
We constitute our de-bydrogenising or depolarising fluids by a mixture of nitric
and chromic acids partly combined with alkaline bases and further acidified when
desirable by the addition of sulphuric acid. In place of nitric acid we sometimes
employ nitrous acid.
We constitute our dehydrogenising or depolarising substances by electrolytically
or otherwise coating our negative electrodes with an oxide of chromium, iron,
cobalt, or nickel, or with a mixture of any two or more of such oxides.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Charles Vincent Holmes and Stephen Henry Emmens in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th April 1883.
GEORGE CHARLES VINCENT HOLMES, of Sussex Place in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, and STEPHEN HENRY EMMENS, of Argyll Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Actuary, "IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES
"
Our invention relates to improved means of diminishing the internal resistance
and increasing the electromotive force and constancy of galvanic batteries, by
modifications in the form of the electrodes, and in the dehydrogenizing or
depolarizing fluids, hitherto employed.
We construct either the positive or negative electrode, or both, of rods or wires
of the substance employed, the said rods or wires being either fagotted together, or
held in position by a suitably perforated or cast head piece. This method of
construction gives an increased surface, and permits of freedom of circulation of the
dehydrogenizing liquid.
We constitute our dehydrogenizing or depolarizing fluids by a mixture of nitric
and chromic acids, partly combined with alkaline bases and further acidified, when
desirable, by the addition of sulphuric acid. In place of nitric acid, we sometimes
employ nitrous acid.
We constitute our dehydrogenizing or depolarizing substances by electrolytically
or otherwise coating our negative electrodes with an oxide of chromium, iron, cobalt,
or nickel, or with a mixture of any two or more of such oxides.
Having now described the nature and objects of our invention, be it known that
we claim :-
First. The Construction of either the negative or positive electrodes, or both,
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
Second. The Constitution of dehydrogenizing or depolarizing liquids, substantially
as and for the purposes specified.
Third. The Constitution of dehydrogenising or depolarising substances, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof I the said Stephen Henry Emmens have hereunto set
my hand and seal on behalf of myself and the said George Charles Vincent
Holmes this eleventh day of April in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-three
Witness:
RICHARD A. HOFFMANN
23 Rood Lane
Fenchurch Street
London EC.
STEPHEN H. EMMENS (LS)