Improvements in Photographic Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 20th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 23rd May, 189;
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Photographic Apparatus.
I, GAETAN MATTIOLI, of 42, Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to photographic apparatus, and comprises a shutter
arranged in such a manner that it can be automatically put under tension and
closed for instantaneous exposures whilst it can remain open for long exposures.
The device for operating the shutter comprises a kind of piston which is either
set in motion by compressed air through the medium of a pear-shaped indiarubber
bag, or by hand through the medium of a knob.
This piston carries a small flexible arm having a pin which acts upon two
projections on the shutter plates for moving the latter apart either for long exposure
or for instantaneous exposure.
This arrangement can also be reversed, that is to say the two projections may be
rendered free whilst the pin is fixed.
In order that the device shall fulfil the aforesaid twofold object I provide it
behind with a horizontal slide having notches, which bears on one side a sign for
instantaneous exposure and on the other side a sign for long exposure. For
instantaneous exposure the slide presents a large notch opposite the slot wherein
the above mentioned pin is displaced, so that this pin can move against and behind
the projections of the plates and, which has the effect of first causing these shutter
plates to move asunder and to be closed directly afterwards under the action of a
helical spring.
For ordinary photography the slide is pulled so as to uncover the sign for long
exposure, which has the effect of presenting above the said pin a smaller notch
wherein this pin is stopped just between the projections on the plates, in order to
keep the latter apart as long as pressure is exerted upon the pear-shaped bag by
which air is forced against the piston. On discontinuing the pressure upon the bag
the plates are closed again under the action of the aforesaid helical spring.
By opening gradually from the axis of the lens instead of commencing from the
periphery of the same my improved shutter gives greater clearness to the image
because all the rays pass through the centre of the lens.
The front plate of my shutter is designed to receive the objective and the lens
case. It is provided with a sleeve having a groove and adapted to receive a ring
of elastic material so that by exerting pressure upon a cap through the medium of
screws a tight joint is produced and the lens case is fixed.
All the parts of the above described device are made of metal and are therefore
strong and not bulky. This device can evidently be varied in its details, forms
accessories and dimensions without departing from the nature of my invention; the
same is the case with the shutter which may also be made either of a single plate
or of several plates, the arrangement of the engaging and disengaging device
being adapted to these modifications.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Photographic Apparatus.
I, GAETAN MATTIOLI, of 42, Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to photographic apparatus, and comprises a shutter arranged
in such a manner that it can be automatically put under tension and closed for
instantaneous exposures whilst it can remain open for long exposures.
In order to render my invention better understood I have represented it, by way
of example, in the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a front view of the shutter when closed.
Figure 2 is a rear view of the same.
Figure 3 is a side elevation.
Figure 4 represents the apparatus cocked for a long exposure.
Fi
Figure 5 represents the apparatus adapted to operate for instantaneous exposure.
Figure 6 shows one of the shutter plates separately.
Figure 7 represents a universal pressing device applicable to all lens cases in
general.
The device for operating the shutter comprises a kind of piston a which is either
set in motion by compressed air through the medium of a pear-shaped india-rubber
bag, or by hand through the medium of a knob.
This piston carries a small flexible arm (Figure 3) having a pin which acts
upon two projections & on the shutter plates e for moving the latter apart, either
for long exposure or, for instantaneous exposure.
This arrangement can also be reversed, that is to say, the two projections d may
be rendered free whilst the pin c is fixed.
In order that the device shall fulfil the aforesaid twofold object I provide it
behind with a horizontal slide having notches, which bears on one side a sign for
instantaneous exposure and on the other side a sign for long exposure. For
instantaneous exposure the slide presents a large notch g opposite the slot / wherein
the above-mentioned pin c is displaced as in Figures 2 and 5, so that this pin can
move against and behind the projections d of the plates and, which has the effect of
first causing these shutter plates to move asunder and to be closed directly
afterwards under the action of a helical spring i.
For ordinary photography the slide is pulled so as to uncover the sign P for long
exposure as in Figure 4 which has the effect of presenting above the said pin ca
smaller notch wherein this pin is stopped just between the projections on the
plates, in order to keep the latter apart as long as pressure is exerted upon the
pear-shaped bag by which air is forced against the piston. On discontinuing
the pressure upon the bag, the plates are closed again under the action of the
aforesaid helical spring.
By opening gradually from the axis of the lens instead of commencing from the
periphery of the same, my improved shutter gives greater clearness to the image,
because all the rays pass through the centre of the lens.
The front plate k of my shutter is designed to receive the objective and the lens
case represented in Figure 7. It is provided with a sleeve having a groove l, and
adapted to receive a ring m of elastic material so that by exerting pressure upon a
cap through the medium of screws o a tight joint is produced and the lens case p
is fixed.
The parts of the above described device are made of metal and are therefore
strong and not bulky. This device can evidently be varied in its details, forms,
accessories and dimensions without departing from the nature of my invention; the
same is the case with the shutter which may also be made either of a single plate

page_text: or of several plates, the arrangement of the engaging and disengaging device being
adapted to these modifications.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In a photographic shutter two metallic plates e, e kept closed by a spring
and capable of being separated for allowing the passage of the light by a pin c
which, operated through the medium of an indiarubber air-bag, effects the
separation of the projections d and consequently of the plates e.
Second. In a photographic shutter a slide in which, when its notch is moved
in front of a sloth in which the pin c moves, enables the separation, by the latter,
of the projections d; and also the release, by this same pin c, of the two projections d
for the immediate closing of the plates, that is to say for giving instantaneous
exposures.
Third. In a photographic shutter a slide f enabling instantaneous exposures to
be given when it presents its notch g before the slot in which the pin e moves,
and exposures of variable duration to be given when the slide presents its full
part before the slot h, the pin c simply separating the plates e, e by means of the
projections d, d and then receding for allowing the plates to approach and cross
each other for shutting up the opening.
Fourth. In a photographic shutter a ring m of elastic material (preferably
indiarubber) which is compressed by means of a cap and screw o for producing
an hermetic joint and fixing the lens upon the lens case.
Dated this 20th day of April 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.