Improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 9th July, 1892-Accepted, 13th Aug.. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I, EDWARD HENRY SEDDON of Marsland Road Brooklands in the County of
Chester, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to the envelopes or outer coverings of pneumatic tyres more
especially to such separate or independent envelopes having an open longitudinal
joint or parting through which the inner part of the tyre or air chamber is inserted,
the envelope being secured in position in the felloe chiefly through the inflation of
the air chamber aforesaid, or by other and mechanical means.
My invention consists in improvements in the method of construction of and
manner of forming that part of the envelope which lies in the hollow of the felloe
the object being to obtain a better means of securing the tyre to the felloe and to
facilitate removal therefrom.
In carrying out my invention I employ a channelled rim or felloe, and form and
construct or build up the envelope or outer covering somewhat after the following
manner-The outer surface of the envelope is by preference of some elastic
substance indiarubber or indiarubber compounds being found at present most
suitable. The elastic substance of the envelope is made unstretchable beyond a
limited extent by means of an insertion of some suitable textile material, fabric or
other non-stretching substance, or by facing or lining the inner surface thereof with
some unstretchable material.
By my invention I form the envelope, in section, as a closed or partly closed
tube that is having a longitudinal joint or parting; the two edges meeting by
preference but not of necessity. The parting or joint I make by preference at one
side of the vertical section of the envelope, but the joint may be in the centre of
the said vertical section.
One edge of the envelope I make practically unstretchable by facing or binding
the edge of one or both sides thereof with a tape or its equivalent of some textile
material or substance of an unstretchable nature, or by forming a beading thereto
from the tape or equivalent or by means of a cord, such bead, tape or equivalent or
cord not being of the nature of a core, but solutioned, cemented sewn or otherwise
fixed to the surface or edge of the substance of the envelope aforesaid, or facing or
lining thereof.
The second edge or rim of envelope at the joint I may also make unstretchable
in a similar manner, or I may employ a core of an unstretchable nature embedded
in the substance of the envelope at or near the edge, or surround the core with the
substance of the lining or facing or insertion of the envelope, such core may be free
to move longitudinally in its envelope or may be securely cemented or embedded
therein, in the usual manner.
The circumferential measurements of the unstretchable edges of the envelope I
propose to make somewhat greater than the circumference of the bottom of the
channel or groove in the felloe, but less than the measurement round the edge of
the felloe, of such a measurement that the edges of the envelope shall pass over the
edges of the felloe by first placing a portion of the circumference of the edge or
edges of the envelope into the hollow of the felloc. When the air tube is inserted
in the envelope both being in the rim and the air tube inflated the edges of the
envelope expand radially to the full extent and the sides of the envelope press
against the sides of the channel in the felloe.
In place however of making an endless unstretchable edge to the envelope I may
break the continuity thereof in one or more places and insert an elastic connection
in each break such connection may take the form of a metallic spring insertion

page_text: and connect the broken ends of the unstretchable parts aforesaid, or a web of
elastic material may be inserted or may be formed out of the substance of the
envelope in. order that the edges of the envelope may more readily pass over the
edge of the felloe by being allowed to stretch to a limited extent.
When I
employ an elastic connection in the break in the continuity of the unstretchable
edge, I bridge over or connect the two ends at each break together by an
unstretchable connection or coupling device when in position upon the felloe..
Dated this 14th day of Anvil 1845
R. J. URQUHART,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I EDWARD HENRY SEDDON, of Marsland Road, Brooklands, in the County
of Chester, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the envelopes or outer coverings of pneumatic tyres
more especially to such separate or independent envelopes as have an open
longitudinal joint or parting through which the inner part or air-chamber of the
tyre is inserted, the envelope being secured in position in the felloe through the
inflation of the air chamber aforesaid and by other and mechanical means.
My invention consists in improvements in the method of construction of and
manner of forming that part of the envelope which lies in the hollow of the felloe
or rim, the object being to obtain a better means of securing the tyre to the felloe
and to facilitate removal therefrom.
My improvements may be used with advantage as applied to my improved
tyres as described in the Specifications of my prior Patents 6197 A.D. 1891.
On the sheet of drawings appended hereunto
Figure 1 shows my improved envelope or covering of pneumatic tyres in
cross section.
Fig. 2 a vertical and Fig. 3 a horizontal longitudinal section and Fig. 4 a partial
outside view of the covering shewn by Fig. 1.
According to my invention, I form the envelope a as a tube with a longitudinal
joint or parting, the two edges preferably meeting as shewn by Fig. 1. The part
of the envelope outside of the felloe or rim b is made of india-rubber compounds
with or without an insertion, internal facing or lining of canvas in the usual
manner. The parting of the tubular envelope I make by preference on one side
of the vertical section as shewn by Fig. 1.
One edge of the envelope I make practically unstretchable for the greater part
of the circumference by facing or binding the edge on one or both sides thereof
with a tape or its equivalent of some textile material or substance of an unstretchable
nature or by forming a beading thereto from the tape or equivalent or by means of
a cord, such bead, cord, tape, or equivalent not being of the nature of a core but
solutioned, cemented, sewn or otherwise fixed to the surface or edge of the substance
of the envelope aforesaid or the facing or lining thereof.
The continuity of this unstretchable edge is broken in one or more places, the
part of the edge between the ends of the unstretchable parts being by preference
made of elastic india-rubber or rubber compounds inserted into or formed out of
the substance of the envelope in order that the edge of the envelope may pass more
readily over the edge of the felloe or rim by being allowed to stretch to a limited
extent. I bridge over the break in the continuity or connect the ends of the tape
or equivalent unstretchable edging by an unstretchable connection or coupling
device when the envelope is in position upon the felloe.
The second edge of the envelope at the joints I preferably make in a similar

page_text: manner, or I may employ a core of an unstretchable nature embedded in the
substance of the envelope at the edge or surrounded by the lining, facing or
insertion of the envelope such core being free to move longitudinally in its envelope
or in part of the same and being coupled or connected in any suitable known manner
at its ends.
Referring to the drawings Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show one edge of the envelope a made
unstretchable for the greater part of its length by having a tape c cemented to the
same. The part of the edge a is left free from the tape and made of elastic
india-rubber to facilitate the passing of the said edge a over the edge of the
felloe b. After this edge of the envelope is in position the ends of the tape are
connected by preference in the manner shewn, one end having a loop or buckle d
attached to it through which the other end is drawn tight and fixed on the button e
by means of one of the holes f. The other edge a' similarly has a tape 9 cemented
to it for the greater part of the circumference and is shewn having a beading g¹ to
which at the stretchable part short lengths of wire may be attached having screwed
ends and connected by nipples or couplings in any suitable ordinary manner.
Preferably however I bring the ends of the tape g to the outside of the envelope
by passing them through openings therein shewn at n Figs. 3 and 4, and I form the
ends of the tape aforesaid into a suitable attachment preferably as a buckle as
shewn k Figs. 3 and 4; but I may employ any other suitable means of attaching
the ends of the tape together. In place of continuing the tape g through the
envelope as aforesaid I may attach to the unstretchable edge of the tyre at each
side of the elastic portion y y tabs of leather or other material or metal attach-
ments and pass these tabs or attachments through the envelope and connect
them together with a buckle or other means.
In order to prevent the elastic part of the envelope from being bulged out by
the inflation of the tyre I attach a canvas flap Figs. 3 and 4, to the interior of
the envelope, above the elastic portion, the said flap covering the_said elastic
portion inside the tyre and passing under the edge of the envelope. The bottom
edge of the flap is formed with a beading behind which beading the edge of
the buckle or fastening lays itself and keeps the elastic portion of the envelope
in position.
In fitting on the tyre one edge of the envelope is first put over the edge of the
rim and secured in its position by tightening and coupling the ends of the tape or
the wires connected to the same inside the envelope. The air-chamber m is then
inserted and the other edge of the envelope passed over the edge of the rim and
tightened from the outside.
There may be more than one break in the continuity of the tape or equivalent
unstretchable edging with elastic portions of the edge in the intervening parts and
unstretchable coupletions or coupling devices between the parts of the tape or its
equivalent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Making one or both edges of the joint or parting of the envelope of a pneumatic
tyre unstretchable for the greater part of the circumference, with one or more
elastic portions inserted or formed between the unstretchable parts and unstretch-
able connections or couplings attached to the ends of said unstretchable parts for
bridging over said elastic portions substantially as described and for the purposes
set forth.
his own day of July 1892.
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.