Year: 1888

page_text: We, THOMAS WILLIAM JAMES, of Laburnum Cottage, Windmill Lane, Smethwick,
Builder and HENRY JAMES BROOKES, of Cape Works Smethwick, Bedstead
Manufacturer, all of the County of Stafford do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists of an Improved arrangement of Window Sashes by means
of which they can be removed from their frames for cleaning and replaced without
difficulty broken sash lines or cords can be replaced by any unskilled person, and they
are also watertight.
The Sashes themselves are constructed in the usual manner, but at each sile there
is fixed a piece of wood or iron called the sliding part in the following specification.
This sliding part is T form in section, the centre web projecting into the sash sides or
styles. This sliding part is fixed to the sash by means of one or more keys which
generally fit into metal sockets to prevent wear. The sliding bars travel up and down
with each sash when the window is opened and closed. On the back of the sliding
part a metallic eye is secured to which is fixed the sash line, which travels over a sasli
pulley attached to the head of the frame. This arrangement allows both the cords, as
well as the weights, to be out of sight, since the metallic eye projects through a slot
in the sides or what are generally used as pulley styles of the window frame, the cord
being inside the boxing of the frame. Access can be had to this boxing by means of
panels fitted to the inside of the frame and as such panels are made to slide or are
fitted in any other convenient manner, any breakages of cords can be easily
replaced.
When the lower sash has to be removed for cleaning or other purposes, the
keys abovementioned are removed from each side which release the two sliding
pieces. The sash weights then cause the sliding pieces io rise to the top of frame,

page_text: and the sash can then be removed from the frame since the sash attached to the
sliding pieces is narrower than the frame itself. When the upper sash has to be
removed it is pulled to the bottom of the frame, the lower sash having previously been
raised. The keys are then removed the sliding pieces travel up, & the upper sash can
be removed from the frame as above described.
Dated this Twelfth day of March 1888.
THOMAS WILLIAM JAMES.
HENRY JAMES BROOKES.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Window Sashes.
We, THOMAS WILLIAM JAMES, formerly of Laburnum Cottage, Windmill Lane,
Smethwick, but now of Ada Villa, Woodland Street, Smethwick, Builder, and HENRY
JAMES BROOKES, of Cape Works, Smethwick, Bedstead Manufacturer, all of the
County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention consists of an Improved arrangement of window sashes by means
of which they can be removed from their frames for cleaning and replaced without
difficulty broken sash lines or cords can be replaced by any unskilled person, and
they are also water-tight.
The sashes themselves are constructed in the usual manner but at each side there is
fixed a piece of wood or iron called the sliding part or slip in the following specifi-
cation. This sliding part is generally T form in section, the centre web projecting
into the sash sides or styles. This sliding part is fixed to the sash by means of one
or more keys which generally fit into metal sockets to prevent wear. The sliding
parts travel up and down with each sash when the window is open and closed. On
the back of the sliding part a metallic eye is secured to which is fixed the sash line,
which travels over a sash pulley attached to the head of the frame. This arrange-
ment allows hoth the cords as well as the weights to be out of sight, since the metallic
eye projects through a slot in the sides or what are generally used as pulley styles of
the window frame. Access can be had to this boxing by means of panels fitted to
the inside of the frame and as such panels are made to slide or are fitted in any other
convenient manner any breakage of cords can be easily replaced.
When the lower sash has to be removed for cleaning or other purposes, the keys
above mentioned are removed from each side which release the two sliding pieces, the
sash weights then cause the sliding pieces to rise to the top of frame and the sash can

page_text: then be removed from the frame, since the sash attached to the sliding pieces is
narrower than the frame itself. When the upper sash has to be removed it is pulled
to the bottom of the frame, the lower sash having been previously raised. The keys
are then removed, the sliding pieces travel up and the upper sash can be removed from
the frame as above described.
The accompanying drawings will explain the details of the invention. Fig. 1 is an
elevation of the window. Fig. 2, a side view of same in section, Fig. 3 a plan in
section. Fig. 4a side view of a sliding part or "slip." Fig. 5, a sectional plan of
same. Figs. 6, 7, 8 & 9-plans showing various sections of sashes and sliding parts or
slips. Fig. 10, plan showing method of applying the concealed sash cords to sashes
constructed as usual, without sliding parts or slips. Fig. 11 side view of key for
attaching sliding part or slip to sash.
The sashes are shown at a, the frames are sometimes made with the head extending
above the sashes as shown at c Fig. 2. The pulley styles are shown at d Figs. 2 & 3,
and also in the enlarged sections Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9. These pulley styles are con-
structed with one or more slots depending upon the number of moveable sashes, two
moveable sashes requiring two slots, which vary in width as may be required by the
weight of sashes or section of sliding part or slip. These slots are shown at E, and
are provided to allow the sliding part or slip which is attached to the sash to travel
up and down in same as shown in Figs. 3, 5, 7 & 8-in each of which section the slip
extends through the entire thickness of the pulley style, and projects into the sash
also, as shown, the eye g to which the sash cord is attached being secured to same.
In other cases the slots referred to are provided only for the above mentioned sash
cord eye to work through, the "slip" itself working in front of the pulley style as
shown in Figs. 6 & 9. where the eyes g, only are shown as projecting through the
pulley style. The sliding parts or slips may be constructed of metal or wood, if the
latter a hard wood without tendency to warping is preferred. These slips vary in
section, generally being T shape as shown in Figs. 6 & 8. In Fig. 6 the slip is in
front of the pulley style and is kept in position by the guide strips or mouldings h.
In Fig. 8, the T slip extends through the pulley style. In some cases at the back of
the pulley style are fixed packings of prepared rubber -Fig. 8. which cause the
sashes to run smoothly and almost noiselessly and prevent the possibility of damp
or moisture penetrating into the frame. In other cases the slips are flat in section as
shown in Figs. 5 & 7. the former being in centre of sash frame and the latter in front
of sash. Fig. 9. shows another section of slip working in front of the pulley style,
the sash projecting into the slip the latter being held in position by the guide strips or
mouldings . The whole of these slips although separate from the sashes are secured
thereto by means of one or more sash keys which pass through the sashes and slips.
The positions of four such keys are shown at j. The shape of such keys may vary,
sometimes a thumb screw being employed. A convenient shape is shown in Fig. 11
since a screw passing through the sash and through the slot k will allow the key to
be withdrawn sufficiently to release the slip, but cannot be altogether taken out, and
thus prevents the possibility of being lost.
The sash cords are attached to the eyes g and passing over the pulleys mare
connected to the weights by the means of hooks or any convenient method of
attachment. This allows the cords, pulleys, and weights to be out of sight inside the
frame boxing, and access is readily had to same as the frames are constructed with
sliding panels or with a flap or door as shown at o Fig. 1. a simple spring catch or
other plan being adopted to keep the door closed. For cheaper frames the panels may
be screwed up, the screws being readily removed, and a broken cord being at once
replaced without removing any mouldings etc., as with the usual window frames.
These doors or panels may thus be highly decorated and repairs to cords executed
without injury to the decoration.
In some instances for good windows the bottom sash is set in from the sill
lining as shown in Fig. 2 about
any suitable distance and against the
which thus forms an air and water-
arrangement allows ventilation with
inch or
sill lining is fixed a rubber tube or cushion
tight joint at bottom rail of sash. This

page_text: safety since the window may be opened without it being perceived except at the
meeting bars.
The sash keys being pulled out, the slips at once rise and release the sash. In the
case of heavy windows where T section of slips are employed, the slips rise up into
the head of window e to the pulleys m working behind the pulley styles, and are
thus sufficiently high to clear the sashes. For lighter windows or where the flat
slips as in Figs. 4. 5 & 7. are used or where the slips are hung as in Figs. 6 & 9. and
with fat eyes as shown in Fig. 4-the tendency is for them to incline inwards
towards each other when they are released and rise to the top of frame as shown
by dotted lines in elevation Fig. 1. This inclination is generally sufficient to clear
the sashes, and thus the extra head room shown at e is generally in these cases
not required, but it will be readily seen this will largely depend upon the place
where the sash cord eyes are attached to slips since the higher they are placed the
less the tendency referred to.
It will be readily seen that windows can be constructed with the slips referred
to, but with the cords hung as is usual, namely outside the pulley style instead
of inside the boxing as described, and existing windows can be altered in this
manner. It will also be seen that windows can be constructed in the ordinary
manner without the above mentioned slips but with the slots in the frame the sash
cord eyes being attached to the ordinary sash as shown in Fig. 10 which
represents an ordinary sash with the eye for attaching the concealed sash cords.
It will further be seen that the slips need not extend the whole length of the sashes,
the slots in frame being for example filled up in the lower part of the run of
each sash and the slip being attached to the upper portion of the sash only. It
is desirable however in such cases for the slips to extend for some distance behind
the portion of frame thus filled up, to ensure ease in running. The guide slips
can in any case be made to form a complete water bar, and in case of fire the
sashes can be immediately removed, while when painting the sashes and frames as also
in cleaning them, it will not be necessary to use any ladders.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven¯
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what wo
claim is
1st. We claim the construction and use of metallic or wooden sliding parts or
slips travelling with the sashes, but detachable therefrom, for enabling the sashes
to be removed from the frames as described in the foregoing specification and
drawings, or any modification thereof embodying the principle of the invention,
the said sliding parts or slips being of such sections as shown in drawings or any
other convenient sections.
2nd. The construction and use of pulley styles d provided with slots to allow the
sliding parts or slips for the sash cord eyes to travel in same, or any modification
thereof embodying the principle of the invention.
3rd. Hanging sashes inside the boxing of the window frames as described in the
foregoing specification so as to conceal the sash cords whether the invention is
applied to windows with the sliding parts or slips or made in the usual method
without such sliding parts or slips as shown in Fig. 10.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1888.
THOMAS WILLIAM JAMES.
HENRY JAMES BROOKES.