IMPROVE- MENTS IN WASHERS AND PACKING PIECES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James George Ingram, of Wilmer Gardens,
Hoxton, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of “ IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WASHERS AND PACKING PIECES."
Scaled the 20th July 1875, and dated the 21st January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James George Ingram
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st January 1875.
I, JAMES GEORGE INGRAM, of Wilmer Gardens, Hoxton, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHERS AND PACKING PIECES," to be as
follows:-
The Invention bas for its object improvements in washers and packing
picces whereby they are more readily adjusted in position. For this
purpose, instead of forming washers or packing pieces by simply cutting
them out of sheet rubber or other material, I form them on one face
thereof with a projection or projections standing up at right angles from
the face thereof, such projection or projections being placed at the margin.
of the hole through the washer or packing piece.

page_text: The projection may be in the form of a ring or cylinder standing up a
short distance from the washer or packing piece, or a number of small
projections may be employed in licu thereof.
In placing a washer or packing piece in position between two plain
flanges or parts, the projection or projections will enter the interior of one
of the tubes or parts to be connected together, and thus ensure the
washer or packing piece being placed in correct position.
The projection or projections may be formed or applied to the washer
or packing piece simultaneously with the manufacture of the latter or
afterwards, and may be made of the same or of different material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James George Ingram in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
GEORGE INGRAM, of Wilmer Gardens, Hoxton, in the County of Middle-
sex, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said James George Ingram,
Her special license that I, the said James George Ingram, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James George Ingram, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHERS AND PACKING PIECES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James George
Ingram, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner thic same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James George Ingram, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thercon, that is to say:―
The Invention has for its object improvements in washers and packing
pieces whereby they are enabled to be more readily adjusted in position.
For this purpose instead of forming washers or packing pieces by simply
cutting them out of sheet rubber or other material I form them on one
face thereof with a projection or projections standing up at right angles
from the face thereof, such projection or projections being placed at the
margin of the hole through the washer or packing piece.
The projection may be in the form of a ring or short cylinder b
standing up a short distance from the washer or packing picce a, as
shewn at Figures 1 and 2, or a number of small projections c may be
employed in lieu of the ring or short cylinder b, as shown at Figures 3
and 4.
In placing a washer or packing picce in position between two plain
flanges or parts the ring or short cylinder b or the projections c will enter
the interior of one of the tubes or parts to be connected together, and
thus ensure the washer or packing piece being placed in a correct or
concentric position.
When using a ring or short cylinder b, as shewn at Figures 1 and 2, I
prefer to form or apply it to the washer or packing piece a simultaneously
with the manufacture of the latter, although it may be afterwards
applied thereto; and when applying a number of small projections c
thereto, as shown at Figures 3 and 4, they may also be formed or
applied to the washer or packing piece a simultaneously with the manu-
facture of the latter or afterwards, and may be made of the same or of
different materials.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode
in which the same may be carried into effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim as my improvements in washers and packing pieces is

page_text: the application thereto of a projection or projections c in order to ensure
their being placed in a concentric position with the parts to be connected
together in manner substantially as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James George Ingram, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
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