CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON MACHINES OR PUMPS
Year: 1825

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONATHAN
DOWNTON, of Blackwall, in the County of Middlesex, Shipwright, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of July, in the sixth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Jonathan Downton, His especial licence, that I, the said Jonathan Downton,
my exors, admiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jonathan
Downton, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all'
His said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS ON MACHINES OR PUMPS;" in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso, obliging me, tho said Jonathan Downton, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain
the naturo of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Jonathan Downton, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to
consist in a new arrangement of valves, valve rods, and cranks for a pump,
whereby a continued jet or stream is procured with the ordinary winch
movement. And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Jonathan Downton, do hereby describe the manner in which I perform my said
Invention by the following description thereof, reference being had to the
Drawing annexed, and the Figures marked thereon, (that is to say:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a section of a pump case, and of my said improvements.
A is the ordinary feed pipe; B is the fixed bottom box or valve; C is an
ordinary pump case or cylinder; and D is the jet pipe. It will be seen that
there are three moveable boxes or valves in the pump case here shewn,
besides the bottom one before mentioned; of these three, F is the lower valve,
G the middle valve, and II the upper valve, and the object of having three
valves is that one at the least may be always rising, and this is done by the
following arrangement (that is to say):-By the valves rods working, one
within the other, with a telescope movement; thus it will be seen by reference
to the Figure, that the valve rods to G and II are hollow, and that the rod R
of the lower valves F works within the rod J of the valve G, and this last-
mentioned rod works within the rods I of the valve II; this arrangement
allows the up and down movements of each rod to be performed without the
slightest impediment from or interference with the others; it only remains
therefore to connect these rods to such a movement as will cause one or other
of them to be constantly on the rise, and a continued stream of water flowing
from the jet must be the consequence; such a movement is shewn in this
Figure, and is as follows (that is to say) :-W is a fly wheel, a is the top of the
rod J, and is furnished with a hoop or slot e, e, within which the friction
wheel S revolves; P is an arm of the crank, of which the part marked C forms
the axis of the wheel S; now it is evident that as this wheel S revolves by the
turning of the crank P, it will alternately raise and depress the rod J and its
valve G. It is only necessary to observe in further explanation of this Figure
that each rod head is furnished with one of these hoops or slots, and with a
friction wheel within it, moved by and turning on a crank arm, and it is the
position of these crank arms which determines the exact nature of the alternate
and relative up and down movement of the three rods and their respective
valves; T, V, are parts better explained by the next Figure; and T is a merc
coller or busking, or what would in a large pump be a stuffing box.

page_text: .
Figure 2 is an elevation of a pump case, and of my.said improvement; the
letters on this Figure refer to. the same parts. as similar letters refer to in
Figure 1, and such letters therefore as have been explained will not be referred
to again in this Figure. T is a clamp or contrivance for attaching the solid
rod f, I, to the hollow rod I, in order to connect it with the crank wheel and
slot movement above it; and V is a similar contrivance for attaching the
alid rod g, J, to the hollow rod J, for a similar purpose; X is a crank for
giving a winch movement, and by which movement the pump is to be worked.
Now it will be observed from the shading of the various cranks in this Figure
to which the friction wheels are attached, that in the position here shewn
the crank P, which governs the movement of the rod J, recedes, while the
crank which governs the movement of the rod I advance, and the crank
which governs the movement of the rod R is in its highest upward position;
it follows therefore that if the winch X were turned so as to turn the fly
wheel in the direction of the arrow, shewn at Figure 1, the rod J would be
raised, while the rod I would be depressed, and the rod R, which in this view
has attained its greatest elevation would begin to be depressed; also, if the
motions which must necessarily follow a continuation of the revolution be
traced, it will be found that at the moment the two rods J and I arrive at
that point where they must remain for a moment nearly inactive the rod R
will be raising, and thus the continuity of the stream will be preserved.
Now, whereas I claim as my Invention, the arrangement of three or more
working boxes or valves in a pump case or cylinder, caused to alternate in
manner herein-before described, either by means of such an arrangement of
cranks and sliding rods as is herein-before described, or any other means eqally
applicable to the purpose; and such Invention being to the best of my
knowledge and belief entirely new, and never before used within that part of
His said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called
England, His said Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, nor
in any of His said Majesty's Colonies or Plantations abroad, I do hereby declare
this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my
said Specification doth comply in all respects fully and without reservo or
disguise with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent contained; wherefore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and
privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Downton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and twenty-six.
JONATHAN (L.S:) DOWNTON.
& J

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Ninth day of January, in the
year of our Lord 1826, the aforesaid Jonathan Downton came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and twenty-six.