Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning Hydro-carbon Oil or Spirit.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 1896-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning
Hydro-carbon Oil or Spirit.
I, AUGUST KIESOW of 25 Fore Street Avenue, in the City of London, England,
aud 24 Georgenkirch Strasse, Berlin in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
Germany, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with lamps for burning
hydro-carbon oil or spirit.
In lamps in which an "S" shaped or other wick tube descends to near the
bottom of the reservoir, and is sealed by the oil, it becomes necessary to admit a
small supply of air to the reservoir in order to equalise the pressure upon the
interior and exterior of the reservoir, otherwise the flow of oil to the wick is
impeded and the flame of the lamp correspondingly fails.
This air supply has sometimes been admitted through an opening in the filler of
the reservoir, but in so-called "safety" lamps an opening of this kind is thought to
be objectionable.
The necessary air supply might be obtained through an opening in the wick
tube above the oil, but in the absence of some means of preventing the possible
passage of the flame, such a device would be even more objectionable than the
open filler.
Now the object of the present invention is to connect the wick tube or tubes with
the reservoir in such a manner that there will be ne possibility of flame by igniting
the vapour or otherwise flashing back into the reservoir.
In carrying the invention into effect at the upper part of the wick case and at
one side thereof, a horizontal channel is stamped or pressed therein from the inside
so as to project on the outside thereof and upon the interior of the tube this channel
is covered by a light plate, thus converting the channel into a tube.
The channel is formed like the segment of a circle or of arched shape, and in the
centre thereof preferably on the outside of the tube is formed a small opening
communicating with the lamp, whilst upon the inside thereof and at each end of
the chan el or tube, small openings are formed through the covering plate
communicating with the interior of the wick tube, and thus the interior of the
wick tube is placed in communication with the reservoir but above the level of
the oil.
By forming the tube or conduit in the manner above described that is to say in
the form of an arch, it will be impossible for oil which might accidentally enter
either of the openings or vapour which might condense in the tube to remain
therein, as any moisture will naturally drain to the lowest point and whichever
way the air duct is arranged with regard to its arched formation, there will always
be an opening or openings at the lowest point through which any such accumulation
can drain.
In lieu of forming the air duct in the manner herein before described it will be
evident that a separate piece of tube of small diameter might be substituted for
the stamped depression in the wick tube or case.
The invention is especially designed for use in connection with my well known
duplex burner formed with "S" shaped tubes descending into the oil, but it is

page_text: equally applicable to single burners of the same class or to other burners in which
the wick tube descends into the oil, or it might be employed in other situations for
example in connection with a tube sealed with the lamp and descending into the
oil and surrounding the wick tube of the burner.
If desired the air duct may be formed of "S" shape in order to trap the oil
upon the overturning of the famp.
By reason of the extended passage formed by the air duct, it will be impossible
for flame to flash back into the reservoir and thus the necessary supply of air can
be admitted to the reservoir through the wick tube without danger, whilst in the
event of the lamp over turning the peculiar form of air duct lastly herein before
described would effectually trap the oil and prevent it flowing through the air way
to the flame of the lamp.
Dated this 31st day of January 1896.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.
Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning
Hydro-carbon Oil or Spirit.
I, AUGUST KIESOW of 25 Fore Street Avenue in the City of London, England,
and 24 Georgenkirch Strasse, Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
Germany, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in aud by the following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with lamps for burning
hydro-carbon oil or spirit.
In lamps in which an "S" shaped or other wick tube descends to near the
bottom of the reservoir, and is sealed by the oil, it becomes necessary to admit a
small supply of air to the reservoir in order to equalise the pressure upon the
interior and exterior of the reservoir, otherwise the flow of oil to the wick is
impeded and the flame of the lamp correspondingly fails.
This air supply has sometimes been admitted through an opening in the filler
of the reservoir, but in so called "safety" lamps an opening of this kind is thought
to be objectionable.
The necessary air supply might be obtained through an opening in the wick
tube above the oil, but in the absence of some means of preventing the possible
passage of the flame such a device would be even more objectionable than the open
filler.
Now the object of the present invention is to connect the wick tube or tubes with
the reservoir in such a manner that there will be no possibility of flame by igniting
the vapour or otherwise flashing back into the reservoir.
In carrying the invention into effect at the upper part of the wick case and at
one side thereof, a horizontal channel is stamped or pressed therein from the
inside so as to project on the outside thereof and upon the interior of the tube this
channel is covered by a light plate, thus converting the channel into a tube.
The channel is formed like the segment of a circle or of arched shape and in
the centre thereof preferably on the outside of the tube is formed a small opening
communicating with the lamp, whilst upon the inside thereof and at each end of
the channel or tube small openings are formed through the covering plate
communicating with the interior of the wick tube or case, and thus the interior of

page_text: the interior of the lamp reservoir a, whilst upon the inside of the wick case c, and
at each end of the channel or tube c¹ two small openings are formed through
the covering plate e, and which communicate with the interior of the wick case e,
and thus the interior of the wick tube or case c is placed in communication with
the interior of the reservoir a, above the level of the oil.
By forming the tube, conduit, or air duct e' in the manner above described, that
is to say in the form of an arc it would be impossible for oil which might accidentally
enter either of the openings e or 3, or vapour which might condense in the tube
conduit or duet e to remain therein as any moisture will naturally drain to the
lowest point, and whichever way the air duct c is arranged with relation to its
arched formation there will always be an opening or openings or at the lowest
point through which any such accumulation can drain.
In the example given at Figure 6 the device is substantially the same as that
hereinbefore described, except that the covering plate instead of being a separate
plate is formed by turning over a portion of the metal forming the wick case e
In the example given at Figure 7 the device which is still substantially identical
with that heroinbefore described is formed by stamping or pressing a channel e in
a separate piece of metal and soldering the same onto the exterior or it might be
the interior of the wick case c.
In the example given at Figure 8 the air duet or conduit e takes the form of a
complete tube which is formed separately and soldered onto the wick case c.
It will be understood that in all the examples herein before given the channel e' is
provided with suitable air openings c³, c.
In the example given at Figure 9 the device which is of a similar character to
that represented at Figures 1 to 5, is shown applied to a descending tube c of
cylindrical form, at its upper end sealed with the 'burner or reservoir and at its
lower end descending into the oil, and surrounding the wick or wicks.
In the example given at Figures 10 11 and 12 which shows a descending tube e
of a similar character but of slightly different pattern to that represented at
Figure 9, the air duct e' is formed of an S shaped tube of small diameter in order
to trap the oil should the lamp accidentally become overturned upon the principle.
described in the specifications of the hereinbefore recited Letters Patent.
In this case one end of the tube or channel c' passes through an aperture in the
descending tube e to the inside thereof, and is of course sealed with such tube,
whilst the other end upon the exterior of the descending tube e is open to the
interior of the reservoir a, but it will be obvious that this arrangement might be
reversed, and the small tube or channel et might be placed upon the interior of the
descending tube c.
The devices bereinbefore shown and described are examples of the best known
methods of carrying the invention into effect, but it will be obvious that the details
of construction and arrangement of the device may be still further modified without
departing from the spirit of the invention.
By means of the extended passage formed by the air duct e' it will he impossible
for Hame to flash back into the reservoir a in the event of the vapour becoming
ignited and thus the necessary supply of air can be admitted to the reservoir a
through the wick tube without danger, whilst in the event of the lamp overturning,
the peculiar form of the air duct e lastly hereinbefore described, that is to say the
S form would effectually trap the oil, and prevent it passing from the air way to
the flame ur exterior of the lamp
Maving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the zid inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a lamp furnished with a descending wick case or tube of S or other shape,
minute tube or channel so forined or arranged as to constitute a circuitous passage
or duct for the admission of air to the reservoir from the wick case or tube
substantially as berein shown and described, and for the purpose stated.

page_text: 2. In a lamp furnished with a descending wick case or tube of S or other shape
a minute tube or channel baving the form of an arc and provided with openings
at its highest and lowest points, one set communicating with the interior of the
wick case or tube and the other set communicating with the reservoir substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
3. In a lamp furnished with a descending wick case or tube of S or other
shape a minute tube or channel of an S form so arranged that one end of the tube
communicates with the interior of the wick case or tube, and the other end with
the reservoir substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
Dated this 2nd day of November 1896.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.