IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MOVING AND FASTENING WINDOWS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HURWOOD, of Ipswich, in the County of Suffolk, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fourteenth day of October, in the eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Hurwood, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that I, the said George Hurwood, my exors, admiors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Hurwood, my exors, adiñiors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
MOVING AND FASTENING WINDOWS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso that I, the said George Hurwood, shall cause a particular descrip-
tion of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be iurolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Hurwood, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-

page_text: Figure shows an interior view, and Figure 2 a section of a window
having apparatus, according to part of my Invention, applied thereto, consist-
ing of the application to swing window or sash of a screw or worm combined
with a part of a screw wheel. Figures 3 and 4 show views, partly in section,
of the apparatus on a larger scale. a is the screw or worm, the end of the
axis of which, g, is shaped to receive the key. Figure 5 shews a suitable
key for giving motion to the screw or worm, and consequently of the sash,
and the effect will be that the sash will be securely retained and fastened in
whatever position it may be, whether it be closed or partly opened.
I would remark, that other construction of keys may be used offering more
or less difficulty to persons moving the window unless the correct key be
used, provided the axis g be properly formed for such a key, and the end g be
covered by a socket suitably formed for the use of a particular form of key,
and for the prevention of any other form of key being used. The bearings of
the axis of the screw or worm are fixed to a plate f which is fastened to the
side of the frame of the window, as is shown. On one of the axes e of the
swing window or sash is affixed a portion of a wheel with teeth suitable to be
worked by the screw or worm. It will be evident that if two swing sashes
are near together the axes e, e, of two such sashes may be arranged as to have
one screw and screw wheel to work them simultaneously, and by means of
suitable additions several portions of the same window may be simultaneously
opened and closed and fastened by means of one screw and screw wheel.
Figure 6 shows a window closed; Figure 7 is a section, and Figure 8 is the
window partly opened; the only addition to the parts before described, being
the arm e', which gives motion to the bar or rod x, and that bar el gives motion
to the arms e affixed on the axes of the swing sashes, as shown.
Another arrangement of my Invention is applicable to French windows or
glazed doors. Figure 9 shows a French window with apparatus so arranged
that the two windows may be simultaneously opened and closed; Figure 10
shows a horizontal section, and Figure 11 a vertical section of the window.
In this arrangemement there are two screws on the same axis, which take
into two screw wheels, one to each of the two parts of the window. Hence,

page_text: when motion is communicated to the axis y by means of the wheel (1) and (2), 1
as is shewn in the Drawing, the two parts of the window will be opened or
closed and fastened in whatever position they may be left.
I will now describe another. part of my Invention, which relates to sliding
sashes, and consists of a mode of applying a screw or worm to give motion
to sliding windows, by having a suitably formed rack on the side of the sash.
Figure 12 shows an elevation of a window having apparatus applied thereto,:
according to this part of my Invention; Figure 13 is a vertical section,
showing the racking and screw for the upper sash; Figure 14 is a vertical:
section, shewing the means of giving motion to the worms or screws, and in:
most instances the placing the apparatus on one side of a sash will be suffi-
cient; Figure 15 shews a plan of the window; on each side is formed or
affixed a rack r, suitable for receiving the worm or thread of the screw a;
the axis of which turns in suitable bearings, and the screw is covered with
a cap or cover, as is shewn. Motion is communicated to the axis of the
screw by means of wheels (1) and (2), a suitable key being applied to:
the axis 9. In order that the sashes may move freely, I sometimes apply
rollers, as at R..
This
part of
my Invention is also applicable to the sliding sashes or lights
of greenhouses and other similar sliding sashes. Figure 16 shows a plan,
and Figure 17 a section of a greenhouse where the top light or sash is moved
up and down by means of the screw and rack. The Drawing shows the
application of the apparatus to the middle of the sash; and motion is com-
I unicated to the screw by the wheels (1), (2), (3), and (4), by a proper key
applied at g.
I will now describe another part of my Invention, which relates to a mode
of moving the vertical lights or sashes of greenhouses and other buildings
having similar sashes. This part of my Invention also relates to the lifting
the lights or sashes of melon and other pits. Figure 18 shews a section of
parts of a greenhouse, a being a screw, the axis of which turns in suitable
bearings, and gives motion to a screw wheel which takes into and moves a
rack, the parts of which are hinged together, forming similar joints to
rule joints, the rack being kept from rising by the rollers w.
The apparatus
for lifting lights of pits, Figure 19, is similar to that just described, but in
place of the rack z being in parts, it is all in one piece.
Another part of my Invention has for its object the raising and lowering
windows of carriages (Figure 20), and consists of using an axis g with two
screws a, a, which give motion to two screw wheels e, e, which take into
racks formed or fixed on the two sides of the window, as shewn; and motion
is given to the axis g by an endless strap w.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I
am acquainted with for performing the same, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself to the details shewn, so long as the peculiar character
of either part of my Invention is retained. And I would have it understood
that what I claim is,-
First, the mode of moving and fastening windows by applying screws and
screw wheels, as described in respect to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8.
Secondly, I claim the mode of moving and fastening French windows by
applying screws and screw wheels, as described in respect to Figures 9, 10,
and 11, whereby the two sashes are simultaneously moved.
Thirdly, I claim the mode of moving and fastening sliding windows by
applying screws and racks, as described in respect to Figures 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, and 17.
Fourthly, I claim the mode of moving and fastening windows, by applying
screws and screw wheels and racks, as described in respect to Figures 18
and 19. And,
Fifthly, I claim the mode of moving and fastening windows for car-
riages by applying screws, screw wheels, and racks, as described in respect to
Figure 20.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Hurwood, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.