Improvements in Cream Separators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cream Separators.
A communication from JOHN JOSEPH BERRIGAN, of 21, Railroad Avenue,
Avon, County of Livingston, State of New York, United States of America,
Dairyman.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in centrifugal cream-separators,
which improvements are fully described and illustrated in the following Specification
and the accompanying drawings, the novel features thereof being specified in the
claims annexed to the said Specification.
In the accompanying drawings representing the invention
Fig. 1 is a side elevation.
Fig. 2 is a central vertical section on the line 2-2, Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of the revolving bowl.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the bowl.
Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the bowl on the line 5-5, Fig. 3, showing the
parts below said line.
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the revolving bowl with double discharge pipe.
Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of the same on the line 7-7, Fig. 6, showing the
parts below that line.
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the bottom plate.
Fig. 9 is a vertical section on the line 9-9, Fig. 7.
Fig. 10 represents the milk pipe and deflector detached.
Fig. 11 is a section of the same.
The
A represents the bowl of the improved cream-separator, which is supported on
an upright shaft J, arranged to revolve in suitable bearings, and provided with
suitable mechanism for driving it. In the construction shown, the shaft J revolves
in a bearing a immediately below the bowl,-its lower end being connected by a
joint with the shaft T, which is driven from the gear V by the pinion c.
bearing a is supported by the plate g provided with a suitable framework or legs h.
An elastic ring or washer j is interposed between the bearing a and the plate gor
an intermediate plate or disc / so as to permit a slight amount of yielding motion
in the bearing. The bearing a is provided with an annular flange o which bears
upon the ring which is compressed by the plate p secured to the plates / or gin
any suitable manner. A groove may be formed around the bearing for the reception
of the ring j.
The gear V is supported on shaft Z arranged to revolve in a suitable journal on
the arm Y attached to the plate g. The shaft Z may be provided with pulleys or
gears or any other suitable means of operating the machine. The gear V meshes with
the pinion c on the shaft T, which revolves in suitable journals in the brackets U,-
its lower end running on a point 7 on a screw r adjustable in the bracket and secured
in place by the nut s.
The construction of the bowl A may be understood from an examination of Fig. 3.
It is provided with an outer annular space or channel f and an inner narrow or
contracted throat e, and the upwardly projecting collar or neck G. The annular
space is approximately circular in cross section,-its upper portion however
extending inward to connect with the throat e. The bottom of the bowl inside the
annular space is formed by the circular plate or disc I fitted accurately to the bowl
and secured by the screws or other suitable devices to the inwardly projecting
LD017

page_text: flange or rim t. The shaft J is inserted in a boss on the lower side of the plate I.
On top of the plate I is located the cup H which may be made removable or formed
in one piece with the plate. From the cup H a tube k projects radially outward
its outer end being placed a short distance outside the inner edge of the wing or
fan L which extends radially across the annular space f, being secured in place by
pins or screws n inserted into it from the outside of the bowl. By removing the
bottom I access may be had to the interior of the bowl for the purpose of cleaning
it. When the bottom is removed, a suitable shaped scraper may be introduced
into the bowl to clean it. A small cone u is placed in the cup or disc. As the
speed at which the bowl in my improved cream-separator is required to run is
comparatively low, it may be made of cast metal and turned true inside and
out. From the flange ga circular flange w projects upward and supports the sheet
metal rings and y which carry the inclined covers P and Q, the discharge
pipes M and N, and also an additional cover R. These parts are conveniently
made of sheet metal.
In the operation of the machine the milk is fed in a graduated stream into the
neck G and the cream escapes through the outlet pipe N while the skim milk is
discharged through the pipe M. The skim milk is discharged from the bowl
through an orifice z in the pipe B which is connected with the outer side of the
bowl and extends upward and inward along the side of the neck G. The milk
finds its way into the tube G from an orifice a', Fig. 3, the size of which is regu-
lated by a suitable valve such as the screw plug C the inner end of which projects
more or less into the orifice so as to vary the size of the opening into the tube B.
An additional valve or screw plug D. is provided at the upper end of the tube B,
which is also used for the purpose of regulating the rate at which the skim milk is
discharged from the bowl. From the opening z the skim milk is discharged onto
the cover Q from which it finds its way down to the spout. The cream escapes
over the top of the neck G onto the cover P. from which it enters the spout M.
When the bowl revolves in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4, the
pipe is arranged just in front of the wing or fan L; it should be placed on
the other side of the wing if it be desired to run the bowl in the opposite
direction.
The form of the bowl may be modified, as indicated in Figs. 6, 7 and 9, and it
may be made of aluminium, and a deflector may be placed at the end of the radial
tube k', see Figs. 8 and 10. A represents the bowl, G the neck and C¹ the
removable rim or flange at the upper end of the neck, B₁ B" the discharge pipe for
the skim milk, I' the bottom plate, and J' the shaft which supports the bowl. The
milk is fed into the cup H' inside the bowl by the pipe X, Fig. 9, and passes from
such cup through one or both of the tubes kk, provided the deflectors 61 61, the
skim-milk being discharged through the orifices c¹ c", Figure 6, in the discharge-
pipes B B onto the cover R, and the cream delivered from the outer edge of the
flange C onto the cover P. The bowl is supported on the removable bottom-
plate I by the screws . The rim or flange C¹ is attached to the upper end of the
neck G by a screw-thread, d', Figure 9 or other suitable device, so that it can be
taken off when it is desired to remove the covers. The plate Iis shouldered at h¹
Figure 9, the opening in the lower part of the bowl being made of a corresponding
diameter, -so that the bowl is always properly centered on the plate.
From the sectional view Figure 9 it will be seen that the bowl is formed with an
annular contracted portion immediately outside of and surrounding the neck, and
that outside of such portion, there is an annular enlarged space, crossed by one or
more radial wings or division-plates L', which also extend inward over the edge of
the bottom-plate at the shoulder h. The wings are secured in place by pins or
screws n¹ inserted from the outside of the bowl. The wings may be bent slightly
so that their outer portions are radial, while their inner portions pass by the outer
ends of the tubes k k and the deflectors. The cup H' is preferably formed
in one piece with the bottom-plate.
The tube ¹ communicates with the lower portion of the cup,-being shown in

page_text: Figure 9. It extends outward beyond the inner end of the wing L' being provided
at its outer end with the deflector 6' which operates to retard the discharge of milk
through the tube, and to prevent its being thrown in a stream against the outer
wall of the bowl. The deflector 6' is made of a piece of sheet metal secured to one
side of the tube k¹, and extending a short distance outside of its outer end, where it
is bent at an angle across the central line of the tube. The tube and deflector are
soldered in place. The deflector is preferably made somewhat wider than the
diameter of the tube. The deflector may however be made in any other suitable
way, such for instance as a projection cast on the bottom-plate.
The pipe B' communicates with the opening a' Figure 7 in the boss secured to the
outside of the bowl. m' is a screw cap, by the removal of which success may be had
to the passage a' for the purpose of cleaning it. The pipe B' extends inward along
the upper surface of the bowl, and thence upward along the side of the neck, being
secured in place by suitable clips u'. The orifice c' through which the skim-milk
is discharged onto the cover R, is regulated in size by a screw-valve t¹ threaded
into the upper end of the pipe B' and extending downward to the opening. In
machines of the larger sizes an additional regulating valve may be employed in the
boss . In the drawings are represented two discharge pipes B₁ B₁ one on each
side of the bowl and neck. For the smaller sizes of separators a single pipe will
suffice the tube k¹, deflector and wing in this case being placed diametrically
opposite the discharge pipe.
It is preferred to make the bowl, flange and bottom-plate of this improved
separator of aluminium. The wings are also cast in the bowl, when two are used,
but in case one is employed, it is preferable to insert it separately, as my corre-
spondent is thereby enabled to adjust its weight to balance that of the discharge
pipe on the opposite side of the bowl.
This improved cream-separator is cheap to construct, and very efficient in
practical operation. In trials made with it, there is practically no fat left in the
skim-milk. The aluminium does not corrode, and its lightness reduces the power
necessary to run the bowl. The construction is such moreover that satisfactory
results are secured at speeds slower than are ordinarily employed in such machines.
The bowl is also easy to keep clean, as the bottom plate can be readily removed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a centrifugal cream-separator, the combination with the revolving bowl A,
provided with the upwardly extending neck G, of the exterior milk pipe B attached
to the outside of the bowl and extending upward and inward over the top of the
bowl, and thence upward along the neck, and provided with means for regulating
the discharge of milk therethrough substantially as described.
2. In a centrifugal cream-separator, the combination with the revolving bowl A
provided with the upwardly extending neck G of the exterior milk pipe B attached
to the outside of the bowl and extending upward and inward over the top of the
bowl, and thence upward along the neck and provided with a discharge regulating
valve at or near the point where the pipe is connected with the outside of the bowl,
substantially as described.
3. In a centrifugal cream-separator, the combination with the revolving bowl A
provided with the upwardly extending neck G of the exterior milk pipe B attached
to the outside of the bowl and extending upward and inward over the top of the
bowl, and provided with a discharge regulating valve at or near the point where
the pipe is connected with the outside of the bowl, and with another discharge
regulating valve at or near the delivery end of the tube substantially as described.
4. In a centrifugal cream-separator the combination with the revolving bowl A
provided with the upwardly extending neck G, and with a bottom closed by the
removable plate I, of the exterior milk-pipe B attached to the outside of the bowl
and extending upward and inward over the top of the bowl, and thence upward

page_text: along the neck, and provided with means for regulating the discharge of milk
therethrough substantially as described.
5. In a centrifugal cream-separator, the combination of the bowl A arranged to
revolve on a vertical axis, and having the outer enlarged annular space f, inner
contracted throat e, and upwardly extending open-ended neck C, the wing L
extending across the space f, and a suitable milk discharge pipe, substantially as
described.
6. In a centrifugal cream-separator, the combination of the bowl A, arranged to
revolve on a vertical axis, and provided with a bottom closed by the removable
plate I, and having the outer enlarged annular space, inner contracted throat e
and upwardly extending open-ended neck G, the wing L extending across the
space, and a suitable milk-discharge pipe substantially as described.
7. In a cream-separator, the combination of the revolving bowl A, arranged to
revolve on a vertical axis, and having the outer annular space f, inner contracted
throat e, wing L, exterior milk-pipe B, and covers P and Q, for milk and cream
respectively, substantially as described.
8. In a cream separator, the combination with the revolving bowl A, arranged
to revolve on a vertical axis, and having the outer annular space f, inner contracted
throat e, open neck G, cup H having radial pipe k, and the wing L of the exterior
pipe B attached to the outside of the bowl and extending upward and inward over
the top of the bowl and thence upward along the neck and provided with means for
regulating the discharge of milk therethrough substantially as described.
9. In a centrifugal cream separator the combination with the revolving bowl A
provided with the upwardly extending neck G having removable flange C¹ at its
upper end and supported by the plate I and shaft J, of the exterior milk-pipe B,
extending along the outside of the bowl and the neck, and provided with means for
regulating the discharge of milk therethrough substantially as described.
10. In a centrifugal cream-separator, the combination with the revolving bowl A
of the cup H' and milk tube k¹ having deflector b¹ at its outer end substantially as
described.
11. In a centrifugal cream separator the combination with the revolving bowl A
of the cup H the milk tube k¹ having deflector at its outer end and the exterior
discharge-pipe B having means for regulating the discharge of liquid therethrough
substantially as described.
12. In a centrifugal cream separator, the combination with the revolving bowl A,
having neck G provided with removable flange C₁of the cup H the milk-tube ',
having deflector at its outer end and the exterior discharge pipe B provided
with means for regulating the discharge of liquid therethrough substantially as
described.
13. The combination in a centrifugal cream separator of the revolving bowl A,
cup H', tube having deflector 6' at its outer end and the wing L', substantially as
described.
14. The combination in a centrifugal cream separator, of the revolving bowl A,
removable flange C', plate I, and cup H', all of aluminium, and the milk-pipe k¹
having deflector b' at its outer end, substantially as described.
Dated this 4th day of July 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Of London, Nottingham, Liverpool, and Manchester,
Agents for the Applicant.