Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lamps.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1895-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lamps.
1, ARMAND FARKAS, of 42 Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle Paris, in the Republic
of France, Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained, in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in incandescent gas burners, and
the main features of the improved arrangement will be best understood by reference
to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a vertical section of one form of the improved burner; and
Figure 2 is a similar section of a modified form of the burner.
As shown in Figure 1, the burner is formed by the combination of an annular
chamber A, connected by two conduits or passages B B' to the tube or nozzle C
for the supply of gas or other combustible fluid; of a casing surrounding the said
chamber and rising some distance above the same; and of a central passage or
conduit E which serves for the distribution and control of the air circulating
through the burner.
The upper edge of the chamber A has perforations F provided in it, the number
of which may vary, but must be sufficient to ensure an ample supply of gas to the
burner.
The upper edge of the casing D is adapted for the reception of a perforated
diaphragm or sieve H affording a passage for the mixture of gas and air, and is
fitted with a groove or channel I wherein the lower edge of a sleeve J is embedded
and retained, the stationary central rod K serving as a support for such sleeve. An
annular space L is provided between the casing D and central passage E.
Owing to this arrangement, the gas conducted into the chamber A is distributed
in sufficient quantities, the amount being determined by the perforations F of the
said chamber. The gas in the annular space L mixes with the air admitted through
the orifice G. The mixing of the air and gas is completed at the top of the
burner underneath the perforated plate H under the action of the air arriving
through the central passage E; and its escape takes place without any hissing
sound, and without any risk of the mixture becoming ignited within the casing.
The course taken by the air, and by the mixture of gas and air, respectively, is
clearly indicated by arrows.
The above arrangement may be modified in the manner illustrated in Figure 2.
The central passage E is here omitted, so that the air and gas mix in the casing D
direct, the mixture being more thorough than in the arrangement first described.
The circulation of air is also more active, and the flame, though obtained at less
expense, is productive of more heat than those of other burners.
The burner H, which covers or surmounts the casing D, is in its turn surmounted
by a cone P of porcelain or other fire-proof material (of the nature of clay); the
object of such cone being to greatly increase the beat yielded by the burner. This
cone, on being heated to incandescence, both by contact and radiation, heats the
mixture of air and gas which comes in contact with it, thereby producing a light far
more intense than it would otherwise be, all the more so because the cone P acts as
a reflector of light.
M is a stationary or fixed gallery which rests upon supports or brackets m
soldered or otherwise secured in position. This gallery, which is fitted with one
or more adjusting screws R, carries a chimney V, provided with a circular
groove v at its lower end.

page_text: The advantage of this arrangement is, that the burner, gallery and chimney are
integral with each other and form one rigid structure, which cannot get out of
shape or position through any shaking or concussion.
As before stated, the incandescent sleeve J is inserted with its bottom part into
the groove I. The object of this arrangement is to strengthen the said sleeve, the
lower part of which is thus firmly retained in the groove I, while its upper portion
is supported by the central rod K.
It will readily be seen from the Specification and drawings that part of the air
supplied to the burner, must, before reaching the sleeve J, pass through the centre
of the casing D, being, as it is, influenced by the draught created in the chimney V.
The current thus formed carries along with it the gas issuing from the orifices F,
and the mixture, consisting of a large amount of air and a small quantity of gas,
enters the sleeve. The heat evolved is thus greater than that generated by
any other known burners, by reason of the large quantity of oxygen mixed with
the gas.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :--
1. An improved incandescent gas burner, mainly characterised by the combination,
with the chamber wherein gas or other fluid is distributed, of a casing D and a
central passage E forming an annular space above the said distributing chamber,
wherein the gas mixes with air the amount of which is determined by the propor-
tions or dimensions of the current of air entering through the lower part of the
burner, the mixing being assisted by the air admitted through the central passage E
below the sieve or perforated plate H of the burner.
2. In an incandescent gas burner, a cone P of fireproof material, located within
a sleeve, and having for its object to increase, firstly, the temperature of the
mixture of air and gas, and secondly, the intensity of the light (or illuminating
power), by forming a reflector.
3. In an incandescent gas burner, a circular groove I surrounding the burner,
and adapted to receive the bottom portion of the incandescent sleeve, for the
purpose of protecting it from breakage.
4. In an incandescent gas burner, a stationary or fixed gallery M in combination
with a chimney V provided with a circular groove at its lower part, so as to form
a complete and rigid structure which cannot be affected by vibration or shocks.
5. In an incandescent gas burner, a central draught of air enabling a large
quantity of air to be added to the gas, so as to raise the temperature of the flame,
and at the same time reduce the consumption of gas.
Dated this 29th day of July 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.