Wheels and Shafts for Horse Rakes, Vehicles, and the like.
Year: 1888

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Wheels and Shafts for Horse Rakes, Vehicles, and the like.
SAMUEL BRASSINGTON BAMFORD of the firm of Henry Bamford & Sons Leighton
Iron Works, Uttoxeter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to bo
as follows:
0
The first part of my invention consists of improvements in Road Wheels for
Horse Rakes, Haymakers, Vehicles; Carts, Wagons or, any kind of travelling
wheels.
The second part of my invention relates to improvements in fixing and adjusting
to any required angle the shafts of Vehicles, Horse Rakes, Haymakers &c.
In constructing road wheels according to my invention, in order to obtain greater
rigidity in the wheels I mako the spokes of H shaped section Iron or steel, but
preferably of steel, one end of the spoke is cast in the nathe of the wheel in the usual
way with or without a bulb shaped boss round the end of it. The other part of the
spoke where it reaches the tyre is bent round preferably with a small curve almost at
right angles and is then continued on and fits underneath the tyre to which it is
rivetted. The extreme end is shouldered down and fits in the recess formed between
the next spoke and the tyre and thus helps o sustain the pressure of the tyre on the
spokes and also forms a lock joint for keeping the spokes together. In order to get
greater stiffness and to reduce the weight I prefer to use a half round section for
the tyre.
My improvements in shafts for Vehicles I carry out as follows:-From the front
cross bar of the vehicle two side arins or short shafts project. To the ends of these on
the inner sides are pivotted the ordinary wood shafts for the Horse, the ends of these
shafts project from the pivotted parts towards the vehicle nearly to the said cross bar.
On each of these ends is fixed a quadrant with notches formed on it. Between tho
quadrant ends and the cross bar a hole is made in each of the side arms through which
I pass a round metal rod screwed at each end one end with a right hand and the other
end with a left hand thread. On each end of this rod I place a screwed nut having
one projecting side made to fit over and engage in the notches of the quadrant and the
Price 87

page_text: opposite side of the nut made to slide tightly along the cross bar which will thus
prevent the nuts turning on the screwed rod. I make one end of the screwed rod to
project through one of the side arms so that if a wrench be placed on the end of the
said rod it may be rotated and in doing this the nuts at either end of the rod will be
forced up against the quadrants, thus locking them and the shaft ends firmly against
the side arms. By turning the screwed rod in the opposite direction the nuts will be
withdrawn from the quadrants. The quadrant ends of the shafts then being loose may
be easily raised or lowered on their pivots to any fresh position and by turning the
screwed rod back again they will be again locked in position the nuts being forced up
against them. To prevent the screwed rod having any movement end ways, I fix on
each end of the rod outside of the side arms a collar or locked nut. From each centre
where the shafts are pivotted connect a diaganol stay which I carry and attach to
the centre of the cross bar thus stiffening the side arms.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Wheels and Shafts for Horse Rakes, Vehicles, and the like.
I SAMUEL BRASSINGTON BAMFORD of the firm of Henry Bamford and Sons, of
Leighton Iron Works Uttoxeter Agricultural Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The first part of my invention consists of improvements in road wheels for horse
rakes, haymakers, vehicles, carts, wagons, or other kinds of travelling wheels.
The second part of my invention relates to improvements in fixing and adjusting at
any required angle the shafts of vehicles, horse rakes, and the like.
In constructing road wheels according to my invention in order to obtain greater
rigidity in the wheels I make the spokes of H shaped section iron or steel but
preferably of steel. One end of the spoke is cast in the nave of the wheel in the usual
way with or without a bulb shaped boss round the end of it. The other part of the
spoke where it reaches the tyre is bent round preferably with a small curve almost at
right angles and is then continued on and fits underneath the tyre to which it is
rivetted. The extreme end is shouldered down and fits in the recess formed between
the next spoke and the tyre, and thus helps to sustain the pressure of the tyre on the
spokes and also forms a lock joint for keeping the spokes together. In order to get
greater stiffness and to reduce the weight I prefer to use a half round section for
the tyre.
My improvements in shafts for vehicles I carry out as follows:-From the front.
cross bar of the vehicle, two side arms or short shafts project. To the ends of these on
the inner sides are pivotted the ordinary wood shafts for the horse; the ends of these
shafts project from the pivotted parts towards the vehicle nearly to the said cross bar.
On each of these shafts is fixed a quadrant with notches formed on it. Between the
quadrant ends and the cross bar, a hole is made in each of the side arms through
which I pass a round metal rod screwed at each end, one end with a right hand and
the other with a left hand thread. On each end of this rod I place a screwed nut
having one projecting side made to fit over and engage in the notches of the quadrant
and the opposite side of the nut made to slide tightly along the cross bar which will
thus prevent the nuts turning on the screwed rod. I make one end of the screwed
rod to project through one of the side arms so that if a wrench be placed on the end
of the said rod it may be rotated and in doing this the nuts at either end of the rod
would be forced up against the quadrants thus locking them and the shaft ends firmly
against the side arms. By turning the screwed rod in the opposite direction the nuts
will be withdrawn from the quadrants. The quadrant ends of the shafts then being
loose may be easily raised or lowered on their pivots to any fresh position; and, by
turning the screwed rod back again they will be again locked in position the nuts
being forced up against them.
To prevent the screwed rod having any movement end ways I fix on each end of the
rod outside the side arms, a collar or lock nut.

page_text: From each centre where the shafts are pivotted I connect a diagonal stay which I
attach to the centre of the cross bar, thus stiffening the side arms.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents in front elevation and Figure 2
in cross section (partly in side elevation) a road wheel for a horse rake (or other
travelling wheel for a vehicle) constructed according to my invention; Figure 3
represents in cross section a portion of the tyre and spoke of the said wheel drawn to
a large scale.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1. 2. and 3.
a, a², a a² are the arc shaped spokes of the wheel made preferably of bars of
wrought iron or steel having in cross section the figure of the letter H as represented
in the sections Figures 2 and 3. By the use of iron or steel spokes of the sectional
figure described and represented great rigidity in the wheel is obtained. The part a
of each of the H shaped spokes is radial but the part a² is bent nearly to the same
curvature as the tyre c and is rivetted at b, b, to the underside of the said tyre.
The end of the curved part a² of each spoke is shouldered and reduced at a³ by
forging or swaging so as to form a tongue or part of such a thickness that it will pass
into and fill up the recess or space between the tyre c and the curved part a' of the
adjacent spoke the shoulder of the tongue or reduced part a³ taking a bearing against
the curved bend of the adjacent spoke. In figure 3 the reduced part or tongue a³ is
represented filling up the space between the spoke and tyre. The tongue or reduced
part a³ at the end of the curved part a² of each spoke may be of any desired length:-
for example it may be of the same or nearly the same length as the curved part a² of
the spoke so as occupy the recess from end to end of the said curved part a². The
shape of the shouldered and reduced part a³ of the spokes is best seen in the detached
views represented in Figure 2A.
In this way the several spokes are locked together and the pressure of the tyre c
upon the spokes is in part sustained by the said curved and reduced parts of the spokes.
Instead of making the arc shaped spokes of bars of iron or steel having a H sectional
figure, the said spokes may be made of bars of iron, or steel having the sectional
figure represented in Figure 34, that is, the inner flanges of the H shaped bars are
omitted. The bottom of this form of spoke may be flat as represented or nearly semi-
circular. The ends of the radial parts a of the H shaped spokes are cast in the
bosses d d on the nave e of the wheel, one of the faces of the said nave of the wheel
represented in the drawing having a ratchet wheel ƒ cast upon it. The casting of the
nave e, bosses d and ratchet wheel is effected in the ordinary way.
For the purpose of strengthening the bosses d in which the inner ends of the
Hshaped spokes, or the spokes represented in Figure 34, are cast the outer ends of the
said bosses are strengthened or enlarged so as to give them a bulb or collar shaped
figure as represented in the drawing where the enlarged or expanded ends of the
bosses are marked d². I do not however limit myself to giving the ends of the bosses
that figure as the bosses may be of the same thickness of metal throughout.
I make the tyre c of the wheel of the nearly half round or convex sectional figure
represented in Figures 2 and 3, that is, its outer face has a curved or convex figure and
its inner face is flat for the sides of the H shaped spokes or spokes of the kind shown
in Figure 34 to bear against. A tyre of this kind possesses great stiffness combined
with reduced weight.
:
Besides road wheels for horse rakes this part of my invention may be applied to
the road or travelling wheels of vehicles generally.
Figure 4, represents in side elevation and Figure 5 in plan partly in section my
arrangement for fixing and adjusting at any required angle the shafts of horse rakes,
haymakers and other vehicles. Figures 6 and 7 represent parts of the same drawn to
a larger scale as hereinafter explained; a is the front bar of the vehicle to which the
side arms or short shafts b, b, are fixed and from which they project (see the plan
Figure 4). To the said side arms or short
for the horse are pivotted or jointed at d, d.
plan Figure 4, that the parts c³, c², of the
nearly to the front cross bar a. On the outer
shafts b, b, the ordinary wood shafts c, c
It will be seen by an examination of the
ordinary shafts c, c, project backwards
face of each of the inwardly projecting

page_text: parts ², c² of the shafts c, c, notched quadrants e, e, are bolted. The shape of the
notched quadrants e, e, is best seen in the enlarged side and edge views Figure 6. It
will be seen that the depressions in the quadrants are semi-circular for receiving a
correspondingly shaped projection on the locking screw boxes hereinafter described.
Working in holes or hearings in the side arms b, b, fixed on the front cross bar a is a
rod or spindle screwed at each end one end being screwed with a right hand screw
thread and the other end with a left hand screw thread as represented in Figure 5.
On each of the screwed ends of the rod or spindle is a screw nut or screw box
hereinafter called the locking screw box. The locking screw boxes are marked g, g-
and have internal screw threads corresponding with those on the rod or spindle on
which they work. One of the locking screw boxes is represented drawn to a large
scale in Figure 7.
Each locking screw box g has at one side a semi-circular rib or projection g³ for
engaging with the semi circular depressions e² in the notched quadrants e, e. It also
has lips or projections 3 at the opposite side for engaging with and sliding upon the
front cross bar a (sec Figures 5 and 7). The locking screw box is thereby prevented
from rotating on the rod or spindle. One end of the screwed rod or spindle f.
projects beyond the side arm at 2 as seen in Figure 5 and is made square or angular
for receiving a wrench or spanner for rotating the said rod. The said screwed rod or
spindle is capable only of a rotatory motion, end motion being prevented by the
screw nuts on its ends."
By rotating the rod or spindle f by its end f³ in one or other direction the locking
screw boxes g, g, are made to travel or slide upon the said rod or spindlo simultaneously
approaching to or receding from one another so that their ribs or projections g g² can
either be engaged with or withdrawn from the depressions e in the notched
quadrants e, e, on the shafts c, c. When the rod or spindle f is turned in such a
direction that its locking screw boxes g, g, are made to approach one another so as to
withdraw them from the quadrants e, e, the shafts c, c, are unfastened and are free to
turn on their pivots d, d, and the said shafts may be raised or lowered so as to place
them at the desired angle. After the position of the shafts has been adjusted the rod
or spindle is turned in the opposite direction to that last described, when the locking
screw boxes g, g, are separated from one another and their ribs or projections g² made
to engage with other depressions e in--the quadrants e e and thereby securely fix the
shafts in their adjusted position.
For the purpose of giving rigidity to the side arms b, b, I use the diagonal stay h
the ends of which are connected through the joint pins or pivots d, d, on' which the
shafts c, c, turn with the said side arms as seen in Figure 5.
The shaft adjusting and fixing arrangement may be modified in the following
manner. Instead of the rod or spindle f being screwed at each end it is screwed
at one end only on which screwed end a fixing screw box similar to g, is fitted.
On the unscrewed or plain end of the rod or spindle a fixing box of the same
kind as but plain or unscrewed is situated, the rod or spindle working freely
through it. The rod or spindle is capable of an end or longitudinal motion
being without lock nuts at its ends. On the rod or spindle is a collar situated on the
inner side of the plain or unscrewed fixing box. This modification is represented in
Figure 8 where the rod or spindle is marked 2 and the fixing screw box at the screwed
end of it is marked 9. The plain fixing box is marked i and the collar at the said
plain fixing box is marked k.
When the rod or spindle f2 is rotated its screwed end passes out of the screw box g,
and the collar carried by the advancing rod or spindle retires from the plain fixing
box and releases it so that it may slide on the said spindle. On moving the shafts c, c,
their quadrants e, e, press back the plain box i and screw box 7 so that the said shafts
can be adjusted. After the shafts have been adjusted the spindle f is turned in the
opposite direction so as to cause it to reengage with the screw box g and cause the
collar to press back the plain fixing box into the locking position represented and
thereby refix the adjusted shafts.
2

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention.
First. Making the spokes of the road or travelling wheels of horse rakes hay-
makers, vehicles, carts wagons and the like, of bars of iron or steel bent of
the figure represented and having in cross section the figure of the letter H or the
sectional figure represented in figure 3^, for the purpose and substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 34 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Secondly. The combination in a road or travelling wheel having H-shaped spokės
or spokes of the sectional figure represented in Figure 34 of a half round or convex
tyre as represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination in a road or travelling wheel having spokes of the
sectional figures represented, of bulb shaped or collar ended cast bosses on the nave
for receiving the inner ends of the said spokes for the purpose and substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. Forging or swaging the end of the bent or curved part of spokes having
the sectional figures represented so as to form thereon a shoulder for abutting against
the adjacent spoke and also a reduced. part or tongue for fitting in the recess between
the tyre and the bent or curved part of the adjacent spoke as herein before described
and illustrated in figures 1, 2, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Fifthly. The construction and combination of the parts herein before described and
illustrated in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7, of the accompanying Drawings for adjusting in
any required position or at any angle and fixing the horse shafts of horse rakes,
haymakers and other vehicles.
Lastly. The modification of the horse shafts adjusting and, fixing arrangement
herein before described and illustrated in Figure 8 of the accompanying Drawings.
Dated the Fifteenth day of December 1888.
SAMUEL BRASSINGTON BAMFORD.