IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR PENCILS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard John Cole, of No. 21, Chepstow Villas,
Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR
PENCILS."
Sealed the 7th August 1860, and dated the 11th February 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard John Cole at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
February 1860.
I, RICHARD JOHN COLE, of No. 21, Chepstow Villas, Bayswater, in the
County of Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS
FOR PENCILS," to be as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are to render the lead or marking material of
pencils generally slightly flexible, thereby preventing in a great measure the
breaking of the points thereof. Also to use the same in the manufacture of
the pencils, and pencil cases, or holders for which Letters Patent were granted
to me on the 31st day of January 1860, No. 255, these objects being
effected in the following manner:-I propose mixing lead or other suitable

page_text: marking material, (after being well ground) with gutta percha, india-rubber
or other elastic adhesive substance in solution, and thoroughly incorporating
the two together, when the, material thus mixed is to be pressed into moulds
to divest it of any superfluous moisture, and treated as in the ordinary manner
of manufacturing pencil lead. Or I propose mixing the lead or other material
with glue or other such like adhesive substance, and adding thereto a
sufficient quantity of glycerine to prevent its thoroughly drying, at the same
time giving it.only-the-desired-degree-of-flexibility.-----
Crayons of every description and color may be manufactured in like
manner, however delicate the color may be, as they need not necessarily be
injured by the admixture, using in lieu of coloured or dark glue fine gelatine,
gum, or other such like transparent material, with the addition of glycerine
for the purpose before stated...
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard John Cole in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
JOHN COLE, of No. 21, Chepstow Villas West, Bayswater, in the County of
Middlesex, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her inost Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letter's
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of. February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard John Cole, Her special licence that I, the said Richard John
Cole, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other as I, the said
Richard John Cole, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF LEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR PENCILS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard John Cole, executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause

page_text: the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard John Cole, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
The objects of this Invention are to render the lead or marking material of
pencils generally slightly flexible, thereby preventing in a great measure the
breaking of the points thereof. Also to use the same in the manufacture of
the pencils, and pencil cases or holders for which Letters Patent were granted
to me on the Thirty-first day of January One thousand eight hundred and
sixty, No. 255.
In order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible, I now
proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, as follows:-
I mix lead or plumbago, after being reduced to an impalpable powder with
india-rubber in solution or other suitable adhesive material, (for some purposes
it will be desirable to mix therewith a small quantity of grease or other fatty
matter,) and add a small quantity of lampblack, and finely powdered coke
and charcoal; these are thoroughly incorporated together and subjected to a
great pressure to divest the compound of any superfluous moisture, after
which it may be moulded in suitable lengths for use.
It will be necessary to
press the materials thus mixed as before mentioned to give sufficient solidity as
the degree of flexibility required will be very slight.
Crayons or chalk pencils of every description and color may be manufactured
for the like purpose using (in lieu of india-rubber) fine gelatine or gum
with the addition of a little glycerine, to prevent the gelatine or gum getting
hard or crisp, and for dark colors a little charcoal finely powdered may
be used.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention of
"Improvements in the Manufacture of Lead and other Materials for Pencils,"
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I would remark in
conclusion that I do not confine or restrict myself to the precise details herein
described, as other adhesive materials might be used with as good effect,
although those mentioned I have found to answer well, yet others of a similar
nature may be employed without in any way departing from the principle of
my Invention; but what I claim as my Invention intended to be secured to
me by the herein in part recited Letters Patent is the manufacture of flexible

page_text: marking materials to be usad in combination with the holders or cases
patented by me on the day and year before mentioned in the manner and for
the purposes herein described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard John Cole, have hereunto set
my haud and seal, this Seventh day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE, Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.
R. J. COLE. (L.S.)