IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING PAINTS AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
RAND, of Howland Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourth day of March, in the fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Rand, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said John Rand, my exors, adñors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Rand, my extors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, and the
Islands of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING PAINTS AND OTHER FLUIDS;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said John Rand, should
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chaucery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Rand, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist,―
First, in inclosing the said paints and other fluids in thin drawn tubes or
cases of the metal tin, or of such other metal as shall be of such tenacity and
pliability and little elasticity that the said tubes or cases made thereof may be !
closed at both ends air tight, by merely folding over the said metal, and
nipping the seam so made, as herein-after described, and also that their
contents may be easily squeezed out by collapsing the said tubes or cases with
external pressure, thereby causing the sides of the tubes to come and remain
together behind their contents in such a manner as to exclude the atmo-
spheric air from the end from which the contents are expressed, by which
means portions of their contents may be withdrawn from, time to time, as
occasion may require, at the same time preserving the remainder from the
injurious effects of the atmosphere.
Secondly, in the application in certain cases of an end nozzle or spout and
an air-tight cap to the above-described tubes or cases, for the purpose of
emitting portions of their contents conveniently, and preserving the remainder
by screwing on the said cap, which is provided with a cork for that purpose,
as herein-after explained.
Thirdly, in the manner herein-before alluded to of closing the said tubes
or cases at the ends, so as to render them air-tight without the use of solder
or cement, by bringing their opposite sides together parallel, then folding
them over once or more times, as occasion may require, after the manner of
what is usually called a hem in needlework, and pressing or nipping them.
with an instrument, as illustrated by the annexed Drawing.
Fourthly, in filling the said tubes through a spout or funnel of such form:
and dimensions as to nearly fill the capacity of the preserve tube or case,
thereby beginning to fill it the bottom or the part the farthest from where
the filling tube is inserted, and thus securing that the air be intirely excluded,
the material being pressed through the filling spout or funnel, and deposited
in the preserving tube or-case-while the spout or funnel is gradually drawn
out, thereby leaving the preserving tube or case full when it is withdrawn,
and so preserving the inclosed material from the injurious effects of bubbles of
air which might otherwise-be-inclosed with it..
Fifthly, in the application (for preserving paints and other fluids) of the
metal tin generally for vessels, tubes, or cases, of any shape, the seams
of which are closed in manner aforesaid or not, and out of which the paint
or fluid enclosed may be expressed as required, by causing the said preserving
vessel, tube, or case to collapse and remain collapsed at any point, in order
g

page_text: to preserve by excluding the air from what remains therein until the whole is
taken out, such metal tin being far preferable to any other for this purpose,
on account of its great ductility and little elasticity, its tenacity, its small
comparative specific gravity, its cleanliness, its durability, its cheapness, and
its power of resisting the action of painting materials generally better than
any other metal, and equally cheap..
And, in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said John Rand,
do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed,
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
DESCRIPTION. OF THE: DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of my said drawn tubes or cases
supposed to be made of the metal tin. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the
same tube after one end has been folded over like a hem, and nipped with
a pair of nippers made for the purpose, and shewn at Figure 3, until the.
seam or joint so made is air-tight. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the
same tube after it has been filled with (say, for example) white lead ground
in oil, and the other end folded over, and nipped as before, in which state it is
fit for exportation, or to be preserved or kept for any length of time in the
artist's colour box. Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of my said.
drawn tin tubes or cases fitted with one of my said nozzles or spouts
and cap. Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the same; A being a screw
on to which the cap B screws, and C, a piece of cork to keep the air
from entering. Figure 7 is a perspective view of one of my said drawn tubes
half empty, shewing the sides behind the paint which has been squeezed out
in a collapsed state, thereby preventing the ingress of air when the squeezing
ceases, and before the cap can be screwed on again. Figure 8 is a sectional
view of one of my said drawn tubes or cases, and the spout or funnel, which I
call the filler, in the act of filling the said tube or case. In practice, the force:
with which the paint enters the tube drives the tube off the end of the filler,
so that when the tube is filled the position of the tube and filler are as shewn
at Figure 9; and it will be seen that the tube must not be quite filled, but an.
allowance must be made for. the hem or seam, which is to be folded over after
its comes off the filler.
Now whereas I claim as my Invention-
First, preserving paints and other fluids by inclosing them in drawn tubes
or cases of tin or other metal having the properties aforesaid, and capable of

page_text: Second, closing the said tubes or cases without the aid of cement or solder
by folding and nipping, as herein-before described;
Third, adding in certain cases a nozzle or spout and screw or other air-tight
cap to the said tubes or cases, or to any vessels, tubes, or cases, for the
purposes aforesaid, and having the collapsing and other properties aforesaid;
Fourth, filling such tubes or cases, or any other vessels, tubes, or cases, in
manner herein before described, by means of spouts or funnels, which I call
fillers, reaching to the bottom of the said vessel, tube, or case, for the purpose
of excluding the air during the process of filling, as aforesaid;
And fifth and lastly, the application of the metal tin generally for the
manufacture of collapsable drawn tubes or cases, or of collapsable vessels of
any form or anyhow made, for the purpose of expression from them, as
aforesaid, and of preserving in them paints and other fluids, in manner
aforesaid;
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
entirely new, and never before used within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of
the same, and that I do verily believe this my said Specification doth
comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the proviso-
in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained; where-
fore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said
Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Rand, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
Que thousand eight hundred and forty-one.