Improvements in the Method of and Appliances for Riveting.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Appliances for Riveting.
We, GEORGE HERBERT LLOYD, of the Firm of Thomas Piggott and Company,
Limited, Springhill, Birmingham, and THOMAS PIGGOTT & COMPANY LIMITED,
Springhill, Birmingham, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:―
Our invention relates to riveting up tubes, boilers or other long hollow articles
by hydraulic or other power and our object is to obviate the difficulty at present
experienced in holding the riveting tool to its work in the interior of the tube or
boiler at a considerable distance from the end of the said tube or boiler.
According to existing practice the internal riveting tool is held up to perform
its work on the rivet by a long arm or bracket powerfully bolted to a similar arm
or frame forming the hydraulic or other riveter. The two arms between them
leave a gap to pass the tube and one arm or bracket is thus necessarily limited in
strength by the diameter of the tube into which it must pass. Accordingly, in a
long tube of relatively small diameter, it is impossible to provide an internal arm
to carry the internal riveting tool of sufficient transverse rigidity and even when
such an arm can be inserted a very heavy machine is required to resist the great
leverage of the said arm.
Our invention consists in a method of and appliances for holding up the internal
riveting tool to its work without requiring the use of a very strong internal arm
or bracket. According to our new method we mount an internal riveting tool or
cylinder on the end of a long arm which may be pivoted and perfectly free to
move. The head or riveting tool so carried is arranged to fill or nearly fit the
interior of the tube diametrically in the direction of the pressure to be given to
close the rivet.
The outside riveting tool is set to properly oppose the said inside riveting
tool and the cylinder or head carrying the outside tool is attached to a strong
cross piece or girder. This cross piece or girder is connected by two or more
strong bars, links or bolts with a similar cross piece passing behind the back of the
tube. The tube to be riveted thus passes over the inner riveting tool and within.
the space formed between the two cross pieces and their connecting bolts.
A suitable head, biocking or packing up pieces is or are arranged to pack up
between the back of the tube and the back cross piece, so that when the riveting
pressure is brought to bear on the rivet the strain is transmitted through the
internal head or cylinder and is taken up by the back cross piece held in place by
the bolts connecting to the first cross piece. The strain of the riveting is thus
taken up directly by the hydraulic cylinder in itself holding up the inside tool to
its work by means of the crossheads and bolts and so no strain is transmitted to the
internal arm or lever.
The only purpose served by the said internal arm or lever is thus to secure that
the inside tool shall properly oppose the outside tool as to position within the tube.
The internal riveting tool may be actuated by hydraulic pressure and a ram
may project at the opposite end of the cylinder to the tool, which ram may
be forced out by the pressure actuating the said tool so as to provide a firm
abutment within the tube. The said ram may be arranged to withdraw when the
riveting pressure is withdrawn so as to allow the tube to be readily moved to deal
with the next rivet.
An outer hydraulic cylinder may be used to operate the outside tool holder.

page_text: We prefer to manipulate such long tubes vertically by means of a riveting
tower and convenient crane hoisting and rotating appliances.
The outer riveting head with its attached crosshead and bolts may be arranged
on slides mounted on suitable pillars to enable the level to be altered or adjusted in
which case the inner riveting head or cylinder will also be arranged for variation
of its position on the end of its supporting arm or lever.
The inner and outer heads or tools may be adjusted in height by chains from
above.
Hydraulic, screw, or other gripping gear may be provided to fill up between the
back crosshead and the outside of the tube.
The details of the construction may be varied without departing from our
invention provided that the system of taking the riveting strain in a direct line by
bolts outside and abutments within the tube be adopted.
Dated this 9th day of December 1893.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Appliances for Riveting.
We, GEORGE HERBERT LLOYD, of the Firm of Thomas Piggott and Company
Limited, Spring Hill, Birmingham and THOMAS PIGGOTT AND COMPANY
LIMITED, Spring Hill, Birmingham, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to riveting up tubes, boilers or other long hollow articles
by hydraulic or other power and our object is to obviate the difficulty at present
experienced in holding the riveting tool to its work in the interior of the tube or
boiler at a considerable distance from the end of the said tube or boiler.
According to existing practice the internal riveting tool is held up to perform its
work on the rivet by a long arm or bracket powerfully bolted to a similar arm or
frame forming the hydraulic or other riveter. The two arms between them leave a
gap to pass the tube and one arm or bracket is thus necessarily limited in strength
by the diameter of the tube into which it must pass. Accordingly, in a long tube
of relatively small diameter, it is impossible to provide an internal arm to carry the
internal riveting tool of sufficient transverse rigidity and even when such an arm
can be inserted a very heavy machine is required to resist the great leverage of
the said arm.
Our invention consists in a method of and appliances for holding up the internal
riveting tool to its work without requiring the use of a very strong internal arm or
bracket.
Referring to the two accompanying sheets of drawings which illustrate the
application of our invention-
Figure 1 is an elevation part in section of a vertical riveter for long tubes.
Figure 2 is a plan corresponding to Figure 1 showing the essential parts.
Figure 3 is an end elevation part in section of a modification of the invention as
applied to a horizontal riveter, and
Figure 4 is a longitudinal elevation corresponding to Figure 3.
According to our new method (see Figures 1 and 2) we mount an internal riveting
tool and cylinder A on the end of a long arni B which may be pivoted and perfectly
free to move. The head or riveting tool so carried is arranged to fill or nearly fit
the interior of the tube diametrically in the direction of the pressure to be given to
close the rivet. The outside riveting tool C³ is set to properly oppose the said
inside riveting tool and the head C³ carrying the outside tool is attached to a strong
cross piece or girder C. This cross piece or girder is connected by two or more
1-

page_text: trong bars, links or bolts D D with a similar cross piece C passing behind the
back of the tube. The tube H to be riveted thus passes over the inner riveting
cylinder A and tool A' and within the space formed between the two cross
pieces C C and their connecting bolts D D.
A suitable head, such as (", is arranged to pack up between the back of the
tube H and the back cross piece C so that when the riveting pressure is brought to
bear on the rivet the strain is transmitted through the internal head or cylinder A
and is taken up by the back cross piece C held in place by the bolts D D connecting
to the first cross piece C. The strain of the riveting is thus taken up directly by
the hydraulic cylinder A in itself holding up the inside tool A¹ to its work by
means of the crossheads and bolts and so no strain is transmitted to the internal
arm or lever B.
The only purpose served by the said internal arm or lever is thus to secure that
the inside tool A' shall properly oppose the outside tool C³ as to position within
the tube H. As shown at Figures 1 and 2 the internal riveting tool A¹ is operated
by a ram in the hydraulic cylinder A and the said cylinder is fitted with a curved
packing piece or head A' arranged to oppose the outside packing head C. The
riveting tool A¹ is arranged to be withdrawn sufficiently after closing the rivet to.
release the head A from contact with the interior of the tube and so permit the
tube H to be moved. The pressure on the rivet forces the head A' into contact
with the interior of the tube. The internal riveting cylinder A may also be
arranged with a ram at the opposite end of the cylinder to the riveting tool A¹
which ram may be forced out by the pressure actuating the said tool so as to
provide a firm abutment within the tube. The same ram may be arranged to
withdraw when the riveting pressure is withdrawn so as to allow the tube to be.
readily moved to deal with the next rivet.
An outer hydraulic cylinder may be used to operate the outside tool holder C.
We prefer to manipulate such long tubes vertically by means of a riveting.
tower I, and convenient crane hoisting appliances G, acting with suitable rotating
appliances to rotate the tube H.
We mount the crossheads C C with their attached parts, on pillars E E fastened
to a bedplate F surrounding the riveting pit, and we mount the arm B on the
pivot or pin B₁ which pivot we carry on the casting Q fixed in the bottom of
the pit.
The outer riveting head with its attached crossheads and bolts may also be
arranged on slides mounted on pillars as E to enable the level to be altered or
adjusted in which case the inner riveting head or cylinder will also be arranged for
Instead of
variation of its position on the end of its supporting arm or lever B.
this the inner and outer heads or tools may be adjusted in height by chains from
above.
Hydraulic, screw, or other gripping gear may be provided to fill up between the
back crosshead and the outside of the tube.
In the modification of the invention shown at Figures 3 and 4, the tube to be
riveted is arranged horizontally and the crossheads C C and bolts D D shown in
Figure 1 are dispensed with and replaced by a strong metal arch or arm C* which
extends round the tube and carries accurately opposed outside riveting tools c d
fixed to strong screws K K made adjustable by hand wheels K¹ K. The tube H
to be riveted is carried on a bogie or carriage L running on rails, and it rests on
rollers R which enable it to be turned round as required.
The arch or arm C* is carried on pillars E fixed to the bedplate M.
An arm B of hollow or tubular form is carried by the end plate N also fixed to
the bedplate M and it supports on its inner end the hydraulic riveting cylinder A.
This cylinder has two opposing riveting rams a and b which rams each carry a
riveting tool at the end. The rams are drawn back by springs f and forced out to.
their work by hydraulic pressure supplied by the pipe P running up the centre of
the tube B; the said hydraulic supply is operated from the valve O.
By this arrangement two opposing rivets are dealt with at each operation.

page_text: The arch C possesses advantages over the two crossheads C C held by bolts D D,
as it permits of the horizontal arrangement of the tube and allows the said tube to
be freely run in and out by the bogie or carriage L.
The arch C may also be adapted for use in the vertical riveter instead of the
crossheads C C.
When very long bolts are used to hold together the arch C' and the end plate N,
they may be enclosed in tubular struts as shown in part at S Figure 4, where a
part of a strut S is shown surrounding the bolt T.
The details of the construction may be varied without departing from our
invention provided that the system of taking the riveting strain in a direct line by
bolts or brackets outside and abutments within the tube be adopted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In pressure riveting apparatus, the method of taking the thrust or strain
exerted by the riveter on closing the rivet upon a ring or arch or crossheads and
bolts, outside the work to be riveted, substantially in the manner described.
2. In hydraulic or other pressure riveting apparatus used for riveting up tubes
or other hollow articles, the method of resisting the pressure required for closing
the rivet by means of an abutment placed within the tube or hollow article which
abutment carries a riveting tool and transmits the pressure on the interior end of
the rivet to the opposite side of the tube where the pressure is transmitted through
the metal to an outside abutment held up by an outside framework connected to the
outside riveting head or tool, substantially as herein before described.
3. The hydraulic or pressure riveting apparatus herein before described with
reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, consisting essentially of an inner
hydraulic riveting and abutment cylinder carried on an arm or swung from rods or
chains of suitable length, two crossheads outside the tubular or hollow article being
riveted, connected together by bolts or links, one of the said crossbeads carrying
the riveting head and the other an outside abutment, the whole apparatus operating
to furnish resistance to the riveting pressure in a direct line substantially as set
forth.
4. The hydraulic or pressure riveting apparatus hereinbefore described with
reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings, consisting essentially of a cylinder
within the tube carrying opposing riveting rams or a riveting ram and an abutment
end, the said cylinder being carried on an arm of suitable length; together with an
external metal arch or arm carrying the outside riveting tools or a riveting tool
and abutment, the whole apparatus operating substantially as set forth.
5. In hydraulic or other pressure riveting apparatus the method of using a light
or movable arm within the tube or hollow article to support the riveting tool and
providing resistance to oppose the riveting pressure by crossheads and bolts or an
arch or bracket outside the tube.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.