Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1836.
Complete Left, 21st July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 30th Aug., 1887.
nature of this invention to be as follows:--
To raise water by partial vacuum over and into the top of a trapped outlet the top
of which is at least two and a half inches above the standing level of water in cistern,
on the discharge of which syphonage ensues and without the employment of valves or
other tight fitting parts.
The component parts of this invention are as follows
A cylinder at least two inches and a half longer than depth of water in cistern, open
at the top & having preparations to keep a lifting cap at a sufficient distance above
for passage of flush of water over during syphonage.
Inside of this a stand pipe the top at or near the standing level of water in cistern
and having over same a cylindrical cap with top at sufficient clearance to allow for
passage of flush of water to down pipe.
The stand pipe, cap over same & outer cylinder forming a water trap completed
by a bottom between outer cylinder and stand pipe.
Over all to be a lifting cylindrical cap having the top end closed and depressed into
the space which would otherwise be filled with air above the cap over stand pipe.
To allow the water to rise to or near cistern level between lifting cap and fixed
cylinder I fix a small air pipe in this space, one end projecting below standing level of
water in cistern, the other carried to the outlet side of the trap over stand pipe and in
such manner that water cannot escape by it to down pipe at a lower level than top of
fixed cylinder.
The outer cap to be raised by lever, chain or similar arrangement and on being
depressed, the water raised and confined in the head of fixed cylinder falls by gravita-
tion through. the trap into down pipe and assisted by the fall of the cap syphonage
ensues.
The cisterns would have the supply, ball tap and overflow commonly employed.
1000

page_text: A New or Improved Flushing Apparatus and Water Waste
Preventer for Water Closet Cisterns and other similar
Purposes.
I DAVID LYON of Leith Offices Moorfields in the City of Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object the improvement or improvements in flushing
apparatus and water waste preventers whereby water is raised by partial vacuum over
and into the top of a trapped outlet the top of which is at least two and a half inches
above the standing level of water in the cistern on the discharge of which
syphonage ensues and without the employment of valves or other tight fittings.
The apparatus consists of
A cylinder standing at least two and a half inches above the top of water in the
cistern when full open at the top and having preparations to keep a lifting cap a
sufficient distance above for passage of flush of water over during syphonage.
Inside of this cylinder a stand pipe the top at or near the standing level of water in
the cistern.
A cylindrical cap over the stand pipe with top sufficiently clear to allow for passage
of flush of water to down pipe. The stand pipe and cylinder connected at the bottom
forming in conjunction with the cylindrical cap a water trap.
A lifting cylindrical cap placed over all the above mentioned parts having the top end
closed and depressed into the space which would otherwise be filled with air above the
cap over the stand pipe.
A small air pipe between the lifting cap and the cylinder secured at one end to the
cylinder below the standing level of water in the cistern the other end secured to
the cap over the stand pipe and in such manner that water cannot escape by it to the
down pipe at a lower level than the top of the cylinder the object of this being to allow
water to rise between the lifting cap and cylinder to or near the level of water in the
cistern. A lever chain or similar arrangement to raise the lifting cap on which being
depressed the water raised and confined in the head of the cylinder falls by gravitation
through the trap into down pipe and assisted by the fall of the lifting cap causes
syphonage.
A supply ball tap and overflow commonly fitted to cisterns.

page_text: In order that my said invention may be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the drawings hereto annexed and the manner in which my said invention is to be
performed.
Figure 1 Sheet 1 is a vertical section of a water waste preventer constructed accord-
ing to my invention and suitable for use to a watercloset or other cistern having a
maximum depth of water of five and three quarter inches and a discharging pipe one
and a quarter inch internal diameter.
Figure 2 Sheet 1 is a plan of the same water waste preventer in a cistern.
Figure 1 Sheet 2 is a vertical section of the working parts of the said water waste
preventer and
Figure 2 Sheet 2 is a plan of such last mentioned working parts.
A is a cylinder standing above the level of the sides of the cistern and having pre-
parations to keep the lifting cap B at a sufficient distance from the bottom of the
cistern to allow for passage of water during syphonage.
C is a stand pipe in this case one and a quarter inches internal diameter and
having over same a cylindrical cap D sufficiently clear for passage of water during
syphonage.
The stand pipe C and outer cylinder A are connected at the foot by a bottom as
shown and together with the cap D filled with water constitute a bell trap or water
trap so as to prevent the admission of air from the down pipe to destroy vacuum
when the lifting cap is raised.
B is a cylindrical outer cap the top end being closed either horizontally or depressed
into the space over cap as shown or in a lesser degree.
To allow the water to rise in the space between cylinder A and lifting cap B to or
near the water line of a cistern when full I fix an air pipe E one end connected to
cylinder A the other end connected to cap D as shown at the outlet side of the trap
and in such manner that water cannot escape by it to the down pipe at a lower level
than the top of cylinder A.
As an alternative arrangement for the same purpose as the air pipe E I show in
figures 3 and 4 Sheet 2 an air hole in the lifting cap B protected by a bucket F for
water attached to the said lifting cap applicable to short down pipes.
Another alternative arrangement for the same purpose is a small air hole in the
lifting cap B unprotected by any bucket for water the said air hole being under the
water level when lifting cap B is raised applicable when the down pipe is sufficiently
long that the action of the downward flush is sufficiently strong to overcome the slight
admission of air by this unprotected air hole.
On the cylindrical cap B being raised the water trap will be sufficiently strong to
resist air being drawn from the discharge pipe and the air pipe or air hole will be
protected against admission of air by being covered by water while the lifting cap B.
is raised or being raised so that a vacuum will be formed sufficiently acute to raise
water sufficient in quantity to procure syphonage.
The unprotected air hole would only be employed when the length of the discharge pipe
gave an accelerated rapidity of flush sufficient to overcome the slight admission of air
admitted only during the syphonage and when the water being drawn off leaves same
uncovered at the later portion of the flush.
The proportions of the spaces between the different parts of the apparatus of this
invention are to a very great extent fixed and arbitrary both horizontally and vertically.
The depth of water in the cistern at full capacity regulating the minimum depth of
effective water trap and the diameter of the discharge pipe regulating the size in plan
and horizontal proportions and although drawn in cylindrical form in the drawings
hereto annexed the same effect or purpose can be obtained if made square or in any
other form so long as the proportions are observed.
The end of the air pipe attached to cylinder A may be placed at such a level as to
ensure the apparatus not working unless a given quantity of water is in the cistern as
with a less quantity the air pipe being uncovered no vacuum can be obtained.
The lifting cap B being raised to a minimum height of three inches by lever chain
or other arrangement with the preparations made as before described for obtaining

page_text: and securing partial vacuum such a sufficiency of water will be raised over and into
the head of the cylinder A as will on the lifting cap B being released to fall procure
by syphonage the discharge of nearly the entire contents of the cistern and will leave
the water trap replenished.
The cisterns would have the supply ball tap and overflow commonly employed.
Having now particularly described the nature of my invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
In flushing apparatus or a syphon water waste preventer.
1. The depressed top to lifting cap B for the purpose of assisting to procure
vacuum.
2. The air pipe E or the alternative method of an air hole with water bucket pro-
viding for exit of portion of the air from under the lifting cap B and sealed against
readmission of air by water.
3. The combination of the parts and in the proportions as described and illustrated
for the purposes of procuring the discharge by syphonage of the contents of water
receptacles and the prevention of waste.
Dated this 20th day of July 1887.
A. W. & S. W. DOD,
D 16, Exchange Buildings, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.