IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES AND PARTS CON- NECTED THEREWITH."
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Anderson, of No. 125, Walker Street,
Kingston-upon-Hull, in the County of York, and Langley Banks,
of No. 127, Campbell Street, in the said Kingston-upon-Hull, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES AND PARTS CON-
NECTED THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Anderson and
Langley Banks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 25th September 1874.
We, JOHN ANDERSON, of No. 125, Walker Street, Kingston-upon-
Hull, in the County of York, and LANGLEY BANKS, of No. 127, Campbell
Street, in the said Kingston-upon-Hull, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES AND PARTS CON-
NECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to facilitate the ready removal and
replacement of window sashes in order to the glass being more readily
cleansed and the parts thereof painted, and for other purposes.

page_text: In carrying out our improvements we form the sashes with separate
side pieces, and these extra separate side pieces are formed as the corre-
sponding parts of ordinary sashes to slide between the beadings of the
frame, and have attached to them the cords and weights for raising and
lowering the sashes, and the inner portion of the respective sashes with
the glass therein is connected to these extra side pieces so as to be readily
removable therefrom to facilitate cleansing of the outside of the glass,
the painting of it, or the passage of furniture or other things through
the opening. These parts of the sashes may be variously united, and
according to one arrangement adopted by us the outer edge of the inner
portion of the sash is formed with rabbets to pass into corresponding
rabbets in these extra side portions, and all the parts are held together
by the one having loops to drop on to or be received by the pins in the
other or others, or by such like means. When thus applied screw pins
or catches hold the parts together until removal is required, and the 1
combined parts of the sash may be raised or lowered as is customary.
By another arrangement the centre portions of the sashes are hung
upon the side pieces by swivels or pivots so as to enable the centre parts
to be turned in or on the side pieces for cleaning or painting or other
purposes. We also form these extra side pieces with projections or fillets;
to traverse in grooves formed for them in the parting and side beads.
These fillets may be either at intervals or continuous.
The swivel arrangement we adopt is of the character of a cup and
ball, and we obtain the desired frictional holding by screw adjustment
acting to compress the parts of sockets, and thereby adjust the friction
on the balls.
In some cases we employ small pieces or strips of india-rubber in the
outer edges of the sashes next the sliding pieces to exclude wind and
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 30
filed by the said John Anderson and Langley Banks in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 22nd March 1875.

page_text: County of York, and LANGLEY BANKS, of No. 127, Campbell Street, in
the said Kingston-upon-Hull, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said John Anderson and
Langley Banks, Her special license that we, the said John Anderson
and Langley Banks, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Anderson and Langley Banks,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES AND PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH,” upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Anderson and
Langley Banks, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Anderson, on behalf of myself
and the said Langley Banks, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
The object of the Invention is to facilitate the ready removal and
replacement of window sashes in order to the glass being more readily
cleansed and the parts thereof painted, and for other purposes.
In carrying out our improvements we form the sashes with separate
side pieces, and these extra separate side pieces are formed as the corre-
sponding parts of ordinary sashes to slide between the beadings of the
frame, and have attached to them the cords and weights for raising and
lowering the sashes, and the innor portion of the. respective sashes with

page_text: frame arranged according to our Invention.
a, a, represent the sashes, but it will be seen that in place of the
sashes extending to fit and move in the ordinary way between the side
beads b, b, and the parting bead c, other separate side pieces d, d, are
provided to slide between such beads b, b, and c.. The sashes a and these
separate side pieces d are connected together by means hereafter described

page_text: or otherwise so as to be used in common as though these parts were
simply in one, as heretofore.
The part d of each sash is also formed with projecting fillets d³, d²,
which may be continuous, as indicated by the side and edge views of a
portion of one of them, Figures 2 and 3, or they may be simply pro-
jections applied at intervals, as indicated by Figures 4 and 5. In any
case these projections or fillets d' will traverse in grooves formed for
them in the beads b, b, and c.
According to the arrangement as shown by these Figures 1, 2, 3, 4,
and 5, the parts a and d are formed at their adjoining parts with rabbets,
one to fit closely to the other, and they may be variously connected
together, but one method we find to answer well is indicated by Figures
6, 7, and 8, and in position in Figure 1. In this case an eye e¹ from a
plate e is affixed to one of these parts a or d, and a hook or stud f to
pass into that eye is fixed to the other part, and thus the sash a may bo
readily removed from the part frame d for the more ready or convenient
cleansing of the glass or for painting or for other purposes.
When it is desired that the sash should turn upon pivots, for such
purposes, in place of its being lifted out each time, then we employ an
arrangement such as is shown by Figures 9 and 10, and which is now
commonly employed for suspending looking glasses. In this case a stud
or ball will be affixed by its plate g' to each side piece d, and these are.
embraced by screw clips h. The parts a and d are also securely held
together for general use so as to prevent accidental separation or derange-
ment by set screws i passing through from one to the other or by other
suitable means.
Figure 11 shows a modification of the form of the parts a and d where
they join one to the other. In this case sheet india-rubber is applied
between them, aided by a piece of list or other cloth to exclude draft
and wet. If desired this india-rubber and list may be acted upon by a
wedge picce and screw or button to tighten the parts.
Having thus described our Invention and means which we adopt in
carrying our Invention into effect, we would have it understood that we
do not confine ourselves to the precise arrangements of parts shown and
described, as the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar
character of our Invention; but what we do claim is, the arranging and

page_text: combining the parts a, d, and d¹ of window sashes, and the parts acting
with them, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Anderson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 18th day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
JOHN ANDERSON. (L.S.)