IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND THE COMBINATION OF SUCH IMPROVED VALVES, OR VALVES OR COCKS WITH OF WASTE.. APPARATUS FOR THE SUPPLY OF WATER AND THE PREVENTION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hitch of No. 10 Winstanley, Road;; Battersea, in
the County of Surrey, Engineer for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
COCKS AND THE COMBINATION OF SUCH IMPROVED VALVES, OR
VALVES OR
COCKS WITH
OF WASTE..
APPARATUS FOR THE SUPPLY OF WATER AND THE PREVENTION
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hitch at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd June 1882,
JAMES HITCH of No 10 Winstanley Road, Battersea, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES OR COCKS AND THE COMBINATION OF SUCH
IMPROVED VALVES OR COCKS. WITH APPARATUS FOR THE SUPPLY OF WATER AND
THE PREVENTION OF WASTE..
"
My invention relates to improvements in valves or cocks for a variety of
purposes, whereby they may be tight and may be easily opened under any or, the
highest pressure of water or other fluid, and to the combination of such improved
valves or cocks with apparatus specially constructed with reference to the supply
of wholesome water, and the prevention of waste, whether the water be taken
direct from the main pipes without passing through any domestic cistern or
otherwise.
r
In order that my valve may be tight at any pressure of water or other fluid; I
construct it so that the pressure. shall not be in the direction to open the valve.
In order that it may be easily opened to allow a full volume of water or other
fluid to pass through at any high pressure I construct it either to be in equilibrium
and to be kept closed by a weight or spring, or to be partially in equilibrium; or
I make it so that a small portion of the valve shall open first, and the main body
of the valve afterwards when the pressure of the water or other fluid is equally
on both sides of the valve; or I make the valve a combination of the two
constructions.
In the case of the valve being in equilibrium or partially in equilibrium, I make
it either:
Firstly, in the form of a double valve consisting of two truncated cones of
leather, vulcanised fibre or other suitable substance, closing on metal seatings, and

page_text: connected together by a spindle, or of two discs of metal connected together by a
spindle, in or on which discs are rings of India-rubber, vulcanised fibre, or other
suitable substance, closing on metal seatings, or the discs may be without such
rings and may close on seatings of India-rubber, vulcanised fibre, or other suitable
substance. The pressure of the water or other fluid acts between the two truncated
cones or discs and presses them in opposite directions causing the valve to be in
equilibrium or partially in equilibrium;
Or-Secondly, in the form of a single truncated cone, or a disc closing on a
seating as herein before described, and I attach tightly the centre of a diaphragm
of India-rubber or other suitable substance to the valve spindle so that it may
move up and down with it, and the outside rim of such diaphragm tightly to the
body of the valve chamber, in order that the water or other fluid may be between
the valve and the diaphragm and may press the truncated cone or disc and the
diaphragm in opposite directions so as to cause the valve to be in equilibrium or
partially in equilibrium. I make the diaphragm preferably of dome shape with
flange forming the outside rim.
In case of the valve being made so that a small portion of it shall open first and
the main body of it afterwards, I arrange that the body of the valve shall be free
to move a short distance up and down on the spindle, and that the spindle shall be
so formed as to be a small valve inside and closing on the main body of the valve.
In this case the pressure of the water or other fluid acts in the direction to keep
the valve closed, but the area of the small inside valve on the spindle against which
the pressure acts being small, the small inside valve can be easily opened against
a heavy pressure, and when it is opened the water passes through and the main
body of the valve is relieved from the pressure keeping it closed. A projection or
collar is fixed in a suitable position on the spindle so that when the spindle is
moved to open the valve, the projection or collar catches on the main body of the
valve after the small inside valve has been a little way opened, and so opens the
complete valve. When the spindle moves to close the valve, it brings the main
body of the valve to its seat. The small inside valve may be conical shaped and
of metal, and the main body of the valve conical shaped and of leather, vulcanised
*fibre, or other suitable substance, closing on a metal seating, or both may be in the
form of discs with or without rings of India-rubber or other suitable substance
closing on seatings as herein before described.
The spindle of the valve may pass through one or both of the ends of the valve
chamber according to the purpose to which the valve may be applied, and in order
that the water or other fluid may not leak through the opening through which the
spindle passes and to avoid any stuffing box, I arrange a diaphragm of India-
rubber or other suitable substance, preferably of dome shape with flange forming
an outside rim, so that it is fixed at its centre tight round the spindle and moves
up and down with it while its outside rim is held tightly between two flanges or
in other suitable manner to the valve chamber.
To combine my valve with apparatus specially constructed with reference to the
supply of water and the prevention of waste of water, I arrange that one end of a
lever of such apparatus shall engage in the spindle of the valve so that when the
other end of the lever is raised the valve shall open.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Hitch in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd December
1882.
JAMES HITCH, of 10 Winstanley Road, Battersea in the County of Surrey,
Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES OR COCKS.
5.
My invention relates to improvements in valves or cocks for a variety of
purposes, whereby they may be tight, and may be easily opened under any or the
highest pressure of water or other fluid; and to the combination of such improved
valves or cocks with apparatus specially constructed with reference to the supply
of water, and the prevention of waste, whether the water be taken direct from the
main pipes without passing through any domestic cistern or otherwise.
In order that my valve may be tight at any high pressure of water or other
fluid, I construct it so that the pressure shall not be in the direction to open the
valve. In order that it may be easily opened to allow a full volume of water or
other fluid to pass through at any high pressure, I construct it either to be in
equilibrium and to be kept closed by a weight or spring, or to be partially in
equilibrium; or I make it so that a small portion of the valve shall open first, and
the main body of the valve afterwards when the pressure of the water or other
fluid is equally on both sides of the valve; or I make the valve a combination of
the two constructions.
In the accompanying drawings Figs. 1, 3, 5, and 7 represent vertical sections of
various forms of my valve. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section on the line A B
of fig 1. Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section on the line CD of fig 3. Fig. 6
represents a horizontal section on the line E. F of fig 5. Fig. 8 represents a
horizontal section on the line G H of fig. 7. Figs. 9 and 10 represent the method
of combining my valve with apparatus specially constructed with reference to the
supply of water and the prevention of waste.
In the case of the valve being in equilibrium, or partially in equilibrium I make
it either:-
1stly. As in figs. 1 and 2, and and 4, in the form of a double valve consisting
of two truncated cones a a¹ fig. 1, of leather, vulcanised fibre, or other suitable
substance, closing on metal seatings 661 fig. 1, and connected together by a
spindle c. fig. 1, or of two discs d d fig. 3 of metal connected together by a
spindle e fig. 3 in or on which discs are rings f f¹ fig. 3 of India-rubber, vulcanised
fibre, or other suitable substance, closing on metal seatings q g' fig 3, or the discs
may be without such rings and may close on seatings of India-rubber, vulcanised
fibre, or other suitable substance. In order to open the valves the spindles e fig. 1,
and e fig. 3 must be depressed. The pressure of water or other fluid acts between
the two truncated cones or discs, and presses them in opposite directions causing
the valve to be in equilibrium or partially in equilibrium. Or:-
2ndly As in figs. 5 and 6, in the form of a single truncated cone h fig. 5 or a
disc closing on a seating as above described, and I attach tightly the centre of a
diaphragm fig. 5 of India rubber or other suitable substance to the valve spindle k
fig. 5, so that it may move up and down with it, and the outside rim j fig. 5 of
such diaphragm tightly to the body of the valve chamber fig. 5, in order that
the water or other fluid may be between the valve fig. 5, and the diaphragm i
fig. 5, and may press the truncated cone h fig. 5 and the diaphragm fig. 5 in
opposite directions so as to cause the valve to be in equilibrium or partially in
equilibrium. I make the diaphragm preferably of dome shape with flange forming
the outside rim, as shewn in fig. 5. In order to open the valve the spindle k must
be raised.

page_text: The
In case of the valve being made so that a small portion of it shall open first
and the main body of it afterwards, I arrange, as shewn in figs. 7 and 8, that the
body of the valve m fig. 7 shall be free to move a short distance up and down on
the spindle n, and that the spindle n fig. 7 shall be so formed as to be a small
valve inside and closing on the main body of the valve m fig. 7. In this
case in order to open the valve the spindle n fig. 7 must be depressed.
pressure of water or other fluid acts in the direction to keep the valve closed, but
the area of the small inside valve n fig. 7 on the spindle, against which the
pressure acts being small, the small inside valve n fig. 7 can be easily opened
against a heavy pressure, and when it is opened, the water passes through, and the
niain body of the valve m fig. 7 is relieved from the pressure keeping it closed.
A projection or collar p fig. 7 is fixed in a suitable position on the spindle n fig. 7
so that when the spindle is moved to open the valve, the projection or collar P
fig. 7 catches on the main body of the valve m fig. 7 after the small inside valve n¹
fig. 7 has been a little way opened, and so opens the complete valve. When the
spindle moves to close the valve, it brings the main body of the valve m fig. 7 to
its scat o fig. 7. The small inside valve may be conical shaped and of metal, and
the main body of the valve conical shaped and of leather, vulcanised fibre, or other
suitable substance, closing on a metal seating, as shewn in fig. 7, or both may be in
the form of discs with or without rings of India-rubber or other suitable substance,
closing on seatings as herein before described.
The spindle of the valve or valves may pass through one or both ends of the
valve chamber according to the purpose to which the valve may be applied, fig. I
shews it passing through'one end, and in order that the water or other fluid may
not leak through the opening through which the spindle passes, and to avoid any
stuffing box, I arrange a diaphragm fig. 1 of India rubber or other suitable
substance, preferably of dome shape with flange y fig. 1 forming an outside rim,
so that it is fixed at its centres fig. 1 tight round the spindle fig. 1 and moves
up and down with it, while its outside rim y fig. I is held tightly between two
flanges, fig. 1, of the valve chamber.
C
To combine my valve with apparatus specially constructed with reference to the
supply of water and the prevention of waste of water, I arrange, as shewn in
figs. 9 and 10, one end of a lever, u fig. 9, and a fig. 10, of such apparatus shall
engage in the spindle fig. 9 and fig. 10 of the valve so that when the other
end of the lever is raised the valve shall open. Fig. 9 illustrates this arrange-
ment applied to the valve shewn in figs. 5 and 6, and fig. 10 illustrates this
arrangement applied to the valve shewn in figs. 7 and 8.
Having now described my invention and a manner in which I carry the same
into effect, be it known that what I claim is:-
The various forms and construction of valves as hereinbefore described, and set
forth in the accompanying drawings.
In Witness whereof I the said James Hitch have hereunto set my hand and
seal this first day of December in the year of our Lord 1882.
JAMES, HITCH. (L.S.)