Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1896
We, PETER BENNETT MARTYN and WILLIAM MARTYN, both of the Firm of
Martyn Brothers, Chapelside Engine Works, Airdrie, in the County of Lanark,
do hereby declare the nature of th.s Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the provision of a high speed engine of simple
and improved construction and which, whilst designed as a steam engine, may be
operated by air or other fluid under pressure.
The improved engine comprises a cylinder whose length is relatively great in
comparison with the stroke or throw of the crank, and wherein are fitted two
pistons or plungers which are bound together by stay rods serving also as distance
pieces to keep them from approaching or receding from each other. The space
between the pistons forms a crank chamber, to which access may be obtained by
doors formed in the cylinder, and wherein is situated the engine crank which is
formed on a shaft carried transversely through the cylinder, the crank being
connected by means of a jointed connecting rod to either of the pistons and being
thereby actuated to rotate the crank shaft. Steam or other fluid under pressure
is alternately admitted to and exhausted from either end of the cylinder to act on
the outer sides of the pistons; and the steam admission and exhaust, which take
place through suitable ports or passages leading into the cylinder ends, are
controlled by means of rotating valves formed on or secured to the crank shaft or
an extension of it constituting the valve spindle. The valves controlling the
admission of steam and the exhaust are preferably of hollow cylindrical or conical
form, and may be formed in one piece with a separating partition; and they are
fitted in a chest or casing formed on or secured to one side of the cylinder through
which the crank shaft passes. From the steam admission valve a port or passage
is formed on each side of the valve leading to the corresponding end of the cylinder;
and from the exhaust valve a short passage is also formed on each side connecting
to the corresponding steam passage which thus serves for admission and exhaust in
turn. Steam is admitted to the end of the steam valve in which is a side port
which by the rotation of the valve opens and admits steam to the steam passages
alternately; and in like manner the exhaust valve has formed in its opposite side a
port opening to these passages alternately, the exhaust port being open to one
passage while the steam port is open to the other. From the interior of the
exhaust valve the exhaust steam passes into an exhaust chamber and thence to the
atmosphere or to a condenser.
ليم
000

page_text: PROMO
otive Power Engines.
We, PETER BENNETT MARTYN and WILLIAM MARTYN, both of the Firm of
Martyn Brothers, Chapelside Engine Works, Airdrie, in the County of Lanark,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention has for its object the provision of a high speed engine of simple
and improved construction and which, whilst designed as a steam engine, may be
operated by air or other fluid under pressure.
The Invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Figure 1. being a
vertical section of the fluid pressure engine and Figure 2 a detail view of the
admission and exhaust valves used in said engine. Figure 3 is a view corre-
sponding to Figure 1 and showing a slightly modified form in which provision is
made for reversing the engine by moving the valves longitudinally. Figure 4
shows the form of valves used in this case, and Figure 5 is an end view of these;
Figure 6 shows the valve chest, valve rod and connecting lever for moving said
valves to reverse the engine.
The improved engine comprises a cylinder A whose length is relatively great
in comparison with the stroke or throw of the crank B and wherein are fitted two
pistons or plungers C which are bound together by stay rods D serving also as
distance pieces to keep them from approaching or receding from each other. The
space between the pistons forms a crank chamber to which access may be obtained
by doors formed in the cylinder, and wherein is situated the engine crank B
which is formed on a shaft B' carried transversely through the cylinder A, the
crank being connected by means of a jointed connecting rod E to either of the
pistons C and being thereby actuated to rotate the crank shaft B₁. Steam or other
fluid under pressure is alternately admitted to and exhausted from either end of the
cylinder A to act on the outer sides of the pistons C; and the steam admission
and exhaust, which take place through suitable ports or passages F leading into
the cylinder ends, are controlled by means of rotating valves formed on or secured
to the crank shaft or an extension B2 of it constituting the valve spindle. The
valves G, H, controlling the admission of steam and the exhaust are preferably of
hollow cylindrical or conical form, and may be formed in one piece with a
separating partition; and they are fitted in a chest or casing I formed on or secured
to one side of the cylinder A through which the crank shaft B₁ passes. From the
steam admission valve G a port or passage J is formed on each side of the valve
leading to the corresponding end of the cylinder; and from the exhaust valve H
a short passage K is also formed on each side connected to the corresponding steam
passage. This passage may constantly serve for the egress of exhaust steam as in
the example illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, or it may serve for admission and exhaust
in turn as illustrated by Figs. 3 to 6 hereinafter described. Steam is admitted to
the end of the steam valve G in which is a side port G¹ which by the rotation of
the valve opens and admits steam to the steam passages J alternately; and in like
manner the exhaust valve H has formed in its opposite side a port H' opening to
these passages K alternately, the exhaust port H¹ being open to one passage K
while the steam port G¹ is open to the passage J on the opposite side of the crank
shaft. From the interior of the exhaust valve H the exhaust steam passes into an
exhaust chamber L and thence to the atmosphere or to a condenser.
In the reversible type of engine illustrated by Figs. 3 to 6, when it is desired to
admit steam by the port J a three-way steam cock M provided on the valve casing I
is turned so as to admit steam to the valve G by way of the passage M¹ and close
"

page_text: the passage of steam to the valve H by way of a passage M³. At the same time a
second three-way cock N situated on the other side of the valve casing and which
regulates the passage of the exhaust steam is closed to the valve G by way of the
passage N and opened to the valve H by way of the passage N³.
When the engine is intended to be actuated as above described in order to reverse
the direction of rotation the valves C and H are moved longitudinally and the
ports in these valves are so constructed in relation to the ports in the casing I
that the port in the valve acting for the time as the steam valve is contracted and
thus decreases the volume of steam passing to the cylinder ends, but the port in
the valve acting as the exhaust valve remains unaltered in area.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. A high speed engine constructed and arranged substantially as described
with reference to the annexed drawings.
2. A high speed engine having a closed crank chamber and pistons bound
together by stay rods to prevent them from approaching or receding from each
other, and admission and exhaust valves formed on or secured to the crank shaft
or an extension thereof and operated therefrom substantially as described.
3. A high speed engine having a closed crank chamber and pistons bound
together by stay rods to prevent them from approaching or receding from each
other, and rotating valves formed on or secured to the crank shaft or an extension
thereof and capable of movement longitudinally in order to enable them to act
either as admission or exhaust valves substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 19th day of August, 1897.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
aint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicants.