Improvements in Machinery for Grinding, Crushing, Pulverising, and Disintegrating Substances.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 31st Dec., 1838
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Grinding, Crushing, Pulverising,
and Disintegrating Substances.
I, AMBROSE WILLIAM GLEED, 89, Lansdowne Road, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare, the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING, CRUSHING, PULVERISING, AND DISIN-
TEGRATING SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to further improvements in machines and appliances of the
same class as those described in my specification Number 11,324 A.D. 1885.
The objects of my Invention being to increase the efficiency and productive power
of such machines, to construct them so that they may be adapted to either a wet or dry
process and to provide the means of making their working parts more accessible and
interchangeable.
According to the present mode of construction the sieves or screens of such machines
are made of about the same diameter as the grinding and propelling chambers and
concentric with the driving shaft.
I find in practice that owing to the centrifugal force employed in these machines
the bulk of the ground material is propelled towards the outer edges of the sieves, a
large surface near and concentric with the driving shaft being of little or no use.
I also find that some portion of the sieve surface near the bottom of the propeller
chambers, is always more or less choked by the ground material which accumulates at
that point.
To obviate these defects I have adopted the following Improved mode of construction
viz. -I increase the diameter of the sieves or screens, to accomodate which, I make
the outer ends of the machine larger and somewhat bell mouthed in form; and instead
of placing the sioves or screens concentric with the driving shaft I place them eccentric
hereto, so that the largest area is above the shaft.
I also construct the ends and covers of the machine so that one or more rows or
ines of screens or sieves may be fitted, as I have found in practice, when fine sieves
re used, it is advantageous to employ an intermediate screen or sieve by which the

page_text: force of the material may be somewhat checked on its way to the fine sieve, and the
larger particles may be prevented from being driven against their more delicate
surfaces.
Such an arrangement of screens and sieves as I have just described is necessary
when the machine is employed in a wet process.
To prevent the spaces between two or more such screens or sieves becoming choked
I cut away a portion of the bottom of the inside screens or sieves, so that the material
which does not pass the outside siove gradually returns to the grinding or propelling
chambers, without this last named provision the screens or sieves rapidly become
choked.
In some machines as at present constructed the grinding balls are made to revolve
loosely on spindles fixed in the arms of the driving shaft and the balls cannot be
removed or exchanged in such machines without drawing the shaft and removing
the driving arms.
To overcome this difficulty I so construct the ball spindles, that they can be securely
fitted in the driving arms, or removed therefrom, whilst the driving shaft and driving
arms are in position in the machine. I also provide a door or doors in the case of
the machine, so that the spindles so fitted may be taken out, and the balls removed
and replaced, when required, without the necessity of taking off the end covers of the
machine, drawing the shaft, or removing the driving arms. By means of the door or
doors last named, other working parts of the machine may be examined, removed and
adjusted, or obstacles abstracted from the interior of the machine.
In adapting my improved machine to either a wet or dry process, in addition to the
arrangements already described in connection with the screens or sieves, I construct the
body and frame of the machine so that two sets of interchangeable covers may be uesd,
one set having downward vertical discharge orifices, and adapted for dry grinding,
and the other set of covers fitted with horizontal discharge orifices, and adapted to wet
grinding, I also provide a separate shaft with appurtenant fittings and appliances
adapted to each process. The machine may thus be provided at a small additional
cost with the necessary interchangeable parts and appliances by which it can be
converted and adapted to either a wet or dry process.
Dated this 30th day of December 1887
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: and Disintegrating Substances.
I AMBROSE WILLIAM GLEED of $9 Lansdowne Road Sheffield in the County of York
Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to further improvements in machines and appliances wherein
rollers or balls act by centrifugal force to effect the grinding or the like such for
instance as that described in the Specification of Lotters Patent granted to me and
numbered 11,324 A.D. 1885.
The objects of my present Invention are to increase the efficiency and productive
power of such machines to construct them so that they may be adapted to grinding or
the like by either a wet or dry process and to provide means for making their
working parts more accessible and interchangeable.
According to the mode of construction hitherto adopted the sieves or screens of such
machines are made of about the same diameter as the grinding and propelling chambers
and concentric with the driving shaft.
..
I have found in practice that owing to the centrifugal force employed in these
machines the bulk of the ground material is propelled towards the outer edges of
the sieves or screens a large surface near and concentric with the driving shaft being
of little or no use. I have also found that some portion of the sieve surface near
the bottom of the propeller chaubers is always more or less choked by the ground
material which accumulates there.
To obviate these defects I increase the diameter of the sieves or screens to
accommodate which I make the outer ends or covers of the machine larger and
somewhat bell mouthed in form and instead of placing the sieves or screens concentric
with the driving shaft I place them eccentric thereto so that the largest area is above
the shaft.
I also construct the ends or covers of the machine so that one screen or sieve or more
than one screen or sieve may be fitted at each end of the machine as I have found in
practice that when fine sieves are used it is advantageous to employ an intermediate
coarser screen or sieve by which the force of the material may be somewhat checked
on its way to the fine sieve and the larger particles may be prevented from being
driven against their more delicate surfaces. Such an arrangement of screens or sieves
is necessary more especially when the machine is employed in grinding by the wet
process.
To prevent the spaces between two or more such screens or sieves becoming choked
I cut away a portion of the bottom of the inside screens or sieves so that the material
which does not pass the outside sieve gradually returns to the grinding or propelling
chambers and so the screens or sieves are prevented from becoming choked.

page_text: In some machines as at present constructed the grinding balls are made to revolve
loosely on spindles fixed in the arms of the driving shaft and the balls cannot be
removed or exchanged in such machines without drawing the shaft and removing the
driving arms.
To overcome this difficulty I arrange the balls and spindles and the attachment of
the latter to the arms that the said spindles can be securely fitted in the driving arms
or removed therefrom whilst the driving shaft and driving arms are in position in the
machine. I also if desired provide a door or doors in the case of the machine so that
the spindles may be taken out and the balls removed and replaced when required
without the necessity of taking off the end covers of the machine drawing the shaft or
removing the driving arms. By means of these doors other working parts of the
machine may be examined removed and adjusted or obstacles abstracted from the
interior of the machine.
In adapting my improved machine for use either in the wet or the dry process in
addition to the arrangements already described in connection with the screens or sieves
I construct the body and frame of the machine so that two sets of interchangeable
covers may be used one set having downward vertical discharge orifices and adapted
for dry grinding and the other set of covers being fitted with horizontal discharge
orifices and adapted to wet grinding I also provide a separate shaft with appurtenant
fittings and appliances adapted to each process or I make the fittings and appliances
removeable from the shaft. The machine may thus be provided at a small additional
cost with the necessary interchangeable parts and appliances by which it can be
converted and adapted to either a wet or dry process.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation and Figure 2 in longitudinal section a machine
constructed according to my Invention with one grinding cylinder and its propelling
screening and delivering appliances on either side of an inlet and feed chamber
common to both and adapted for dry grinding. A is a central casting in which is the
feed opening provided with a hopper B by which the material to be treated is
introduced into the machine. Care the outward castings between which and the
casting A the removeable grinding rings D are held; E are covers which have in them
the discharge passages ate and between these covers and the casting the sieves F are
secured with a greater surface above the axis than below it as hereinbefore described
the covers and castings C being correspondingly formed to accommodate them. A
shaft G passes longitudinally through the apparatus and carries the arms H by which
the grinding balls or rollers h are carried so that they are opposite the rings D. Jare
propellers for dry grinding so disposed as to direct the material away from the centre
of the machine towards the respective outlet ends. jare stirrers between the rollers.
When the machine is to be used for wet grinding the shaft with the propellers can
be removed and replaced by one without propellers or the propellers can be removed
from the shaft if arranged in that way, and there are introduced if desired extra sieves
preferably outwardly of those shown.
The covers are removed and replaced by covers having horizontal discharge passages.
Figures 3 and 4 show in section and in side view one of the pairs of arms carrying
one of the rollers showing the arrangement herein before referred to.
The pin is provided with a head and is preferably wedge shape or tapered so
that it fits tightly in corresponding holes in the arms H and it is fixed by a cotter
pin 2. The roller has a hole in, it sufficiently large to enable the ball to move to
and fro on the pin I to allow of its action under centrifugal force.
I do not limit myself to the use of a duplex machine nor to the use of only one set
of grinding rollers on each side of the inlet as any suitable number of sets may be used
with or without any number and arrangement of screens or sieves.
The sieves may be dispensed with in some kinds of grinding.
Any of the parts which are most subject to wear may be provided with any suitable

page_text: anti-frictional appliances or be made readily renewable for instance the pins I may
each have an anti-friction tube or tubes on them and there may be mounted on thei
anti-friction washers or discs between the sides of the balls or rollers and the arms H
carrying them.
Figures 5 and 6 show a modification with the shaft G made with cranks y to form
arms each crank pin carrying a ball or roller as hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The mounting of the rollers or balls so that they move on removeable
pins substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and shown in
Figures and 5.
Second. The shaft provided with a crank or cranks each carrying a ball or
roller as hereinbefore described and shown in Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
Third. The use of a sieve larger above the axis of the machine than below it as and
for the purpose herein before described.
Fourth. The provision of the inner sieve where more than one are employed with an
opening below as and for the purpose described.
Fifth. The provision of a duplex shaft and fittings or removeable fittings and attach-
ments for an extra sieve or extra sieves and removeable duplex cover or covers adapted
for either wet or dry grinding substantially as described.
Sixth. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the improved machine
as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of September 1888. .
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.