AN IMPROVED COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adam Paterson, of Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED COOKING
APPARATUS."
Sealed the 20th June 1854, and dated the 20th December 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adam Paterson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,.
on the 20th December 1858.
I, ADAM PATERSON, of Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
COOKING APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of an improved cooking apparatus heated by
gas and fuel, either separately or conjointly.
First, in the form of the boiler, so as to admit of its being carried
behind the fire-grate and then over the ovens, the boiler being so con-
structed as to admit of the fire-grate of the stove being placed in the
centre of the front part of the boiler, thereby allowing the heat from
the fire to act directly upon the same at the back of the grate, and at
the two sides of the grate at the same time; in addition to which the

page_text: heat from the fire is carried over a part of the top of the boiler and also
under the same, thereby further increasing the heating surface in com-
munication with the fire.
Secondly, by constructing the cooking stove so that the products of
combustion from the ovens act upon the bottom of the side parts of the
boiler, heat chambers being provided under the boiler for that purpose;
and the degree of heat regulated by dampers or valves provided for
that purpose, so that almost any heat can be applied at pleasure. In
these heat chambers there are also provided auxiliary burners which
consist of a bent pipe perforated in the usual way, but by being in the
form of a segment of a circle radiating upon the joint, these auxiliary
burners merely require a small aperture in the front of the stove, the
end of the burner being fitted with a knob to conceal the aperture when
the burner is lit. By this mode of construction, the boiler being en-
tirely encased in a hot air chamber, and this hot air chamber receiving
the products of combustion either from the fire-grate and oven heating
burners and auxiliary burners simultaneously, or from the fire-grate
alone when the cooking stove is not in use, or from the waste heat
from the ovens, or even when the ovens and fire are not in operation
from the burner, before mentioned, in the heat chambers under the
side parts of the boiler, and also from the heat in the pan holes which
are placed in that part of the hot air chamber which is carried over the
top of the boiler. Dampers are provided in this chambers for diverting
the current of hot air when necessary into the flues provided for the
escape of the waste heat. In other respects the stove is constructed of
castings in the usual way. The boiler is fitted with a supply pipe and
safety pipe for the escape of waste steam, but the drawing pipe is
arranged in the side of the stove so as to be taken behind the chimney
jambs, or to any convenient position.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Adam Paterson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th June 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ADAM PATERSON, of Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Adam Paterson, Her special
licence that I, the said Adam Paterson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Adam Paterson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter, during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
COOKING APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Adam Paterson, by an instrument in writing, under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Adam Paterson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and description thereof, together with the
Drawings accompanying this Specification, with the explanation apply-
ing thereto herein contained, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of a gas cooking apparatus and boiler, which
are so constructed that the boiler can be heated by the products of com-
bustion from fuel in a common grate or from gas burners, and can

page_text: be heated by gas separately, by fuel separately, or by both con-
jointly.
The apparatus consists, with the boiler, of a fire-grate, two gas heat-
ing ovens, which are placed one on each side of the fire-grate below the
same, and under the boiler hot air chambers, in which the surplus pro-
ducts of combustion from the ovens and from the saucepan heaters-arc
brought into contact with the boiler; the heat is made to circulate on the
surface thereof by the means of valves and dampers-arranged as herein-
after described. These valves also regulato the degree of heat. The
boiler is of an oblong form extending over the ovens on each side, and
is recessed in front to receive the fire-grate before mentioned; the boiler
is also furnished with man-holes (for cleansing the same) in front on
each side of the grate. This grate is deeper than the boiler vertically;
and has an aperture: at the top and bottom; through these apertures
the heat passes over. and under the boiler into the fluc. The grate is
covered at the top by a moveable plate. The fire first acts upon the
boiler at the back and sides of the grate, then passes over a portion of
the top and under a portion of the bottom thereof; the heat from the
fire at the same time radiates through the hot air chambers under the
boiler, and acts upon the bottom surface thereof, and the waste products
of combustion finally pass off into the flues at the back. In the hot air
chambers over the boiler the saucepan heating burners are placed, and
a portion of the heat from these when in use impinges upon the upper
surface of the boiler. In the lower chamber there is (over each oven)
an auxiliary burner for heating the boiler when the fire-grate and ovens
are not in use. The hot air chambers are provided with valves, flues,
and dampers; there is a separate fluc from under the boiler on each
side, and by the action of these the products of combustion are made to
circulate as follows; (namely), when the right hand oven only is in
operation, by closing the flue on this side and opening the flue on the
left hand side (the flues are opened and closed by the dampers) then
the products of combustion, on entering the hot air chamber, will have
to pass under the boiler, and will radiate upon the under surface thereof
over the left hand oven, and finally the waste heat will escape through
the valve on the left hand side; the same result is obtained by the heat

page_text: from the left hand oven by adjusting the dampers so that the waste
heat has to escape by the flue over the right hand oven; the products
of combustion from the right hand oven aro thus made to pass under
the boiler over the left hand oven and vice versa. The lower part of
the hot air chamber over the right hand oven is connected with that
on the left by a pipe or tube at the back of the fire-grate and under
the boiler, so that the fire in the grate acts thereon.
The form and construction of the apparatus and boiler are shown
on the accompanying Drawings, to which the following explanation
refers, viz. :-
The Drawings accompanying this Specification are lettered respec-
tively, Drawing A, and Drawing B, and numbered (2954).
Drawing A, Fig. 1, is a general elevation of the apparatus. Fig. 2,
is an isometrical plan of the boiler, and shows the recess for the fire-
grate and the screw valves to the man-holes. Fig. 3, is a longitudinal
section through the apparatus and boiler on the line A, B, Figs. 2
and 5. Fig. 4, is a transverse section through the centre of the fire-
grate vertically. Fig. 5, is a plan at C, D, Fig. 1, and shows the
saucepan heating burners and top of the boiler.
Drawing B, Fig. 1, is a plan of the top of the apparatus. Fig. 2, is
a transverse section through the centre of the oven. Fig. 3, is a plan at
E, F, Fig. 2, (and Fig. 1, Drawing A,) and shows the valves over the
ovens. Fig. 4, is a plan at G, H, Fig. 2. Figs. 2 and 5, Drawing A,
are to a scale of one and a half inches to a foot; all the other Figs.
are to a scale of one inch to a foot.
The same part of the apparatus is lettered with similar letters in each
Fig., so that the following reference applies to the whole :-I, is the
fire-grate; K, K, the ovens; L, the boiler; M, M, the hot air cham-
bers under the boiler; N, the pipe or tube by which they are connected;
O, the valves by which the heat is admitted from the ovens; P, the hot
air chamber flues; Q, the dampers; R, the flue from the fire; R', R',
the openings over and under the boiler where the fire acts upon the
same; S, the saucepan heating burners; T', the oven burners; U, the
auxiliary burners under the boiler; V, a raised cover; W, screw valves
to the man-holes; X, the ash pit.

page_text: I do not confine myself to the precise dimensions shown on the
Drawings, as 'the parts of the apparatus may be varied in size and
in their proportions without departing from the principle of my said
Invention.
CLAIM.
I claim the boiler and mode of heating the same by the arrangement
of the parts of the apparatus, as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adam Paterson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June, A.D. 1854.
LONDON:
*Printed by GEORGE EDWARD EYRE and WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty. 1854.
jt.
"
.1.