IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MATERIALS FOR AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRIC INSULATING APPARATUS AND IN THE MEANS OF PRESERVING THE SAME
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Fereday Bottomley of Wood Green Middlesex,
Electric Engineer James Harold Barry of Rendlesham Road Middlesex and
John James Lundy of Upper Thames Street London for an invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MATERIALS FOR AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
ELECTRIC INSULATING APPARATUS AND IN THE MEANS OF PRESERVING THE
SAME
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Fereday Bottomley,
James Harold Barry, and John James Lundy at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents on the 5th July 1882.
WILLIAM FEREDAY BOTTOMLEY of Wood Green Middlesex, Electric Engineer
JAMES HAROLD BARRY, of Rendlesham Road Middlesex and JOHN JAMES LUNDY
of Upper Thames Street, London "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MATERIALS FOR AND
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRIC INSULATING APPARATUS AND IN THE MEANS
OF PRESERVING THE SAME
"
This Invention has for its object to provide more perfect insulation combined
with the better preservation of the apparatus employed therefor at a considerably
less cost than has hitherto been practicable
Such invention consists in the preparation and application of materials not
hitherto used for such purposes and hereafter more fully referred to
In order to carry out our invention we proceed as follows-We dissolve leather
with dilute muriatic acid chloride or sesquichloride of iron either made purposely
or as a bye product of other manufactures or with caustic soda or other solvents,
which solvents or any excess of them may be expressed therefrom or neutralised
therein or first neutralised therein and then expressed therefrom as most
desirable Or we employ osseine obtained by treating bone with dilute muriatic
acid after extracting the phosphates Or we employ other gelatines or glues
produced by any of the well known methods from bones, hoofs, horns, or other
untanned substances
We also use leather dissolved by muriatic acid or the chloride or 'sesquichloride
of iron for submarine or subterranean insulation as a protection from the growth.
...

page_text: of vegetable and animal life and when necessary we use in addition thereto barks
containing tannin before or after previous use, catechu, cutch or other suitable
tannin material either in the form of tannic acid or its salts or of substances
containing them These constituents may be employed either separately or together,
or may be mixed or not with linseed or other drying or non drying oil or vegetable
or mineral turpentine or other hydrocarbon varnish or gum solutions or other
suitable equivalents
We also oither with the addition of the before named phosphates to the osseine
reconstruct the bone, Or by the addition of such phosphates to leather
dissolved as aforesaid and treated or not with heat or steam obtain a material
which may be used either for insulating purposes or in the manufacture of
electric plant and apparatus-Or we may mix either the animal or mineral
phosphates or both with either the aforesaid osseine and dissolved leather or both
combined
We also in order to obtain more perfect insulation employ asphaltum or other
bituminous substances or gums and gum resins other than India rubber
(Caoutchouc) or gutta percha either by melting the same by heat alone or by heat
with the addition of oil or oil and turpentine or other hydrocarbon or dissolving
such of them as can be dissolved by ether, alcohol, methylated spirits, of wine
turpentine, coal or wood naphtha or other liquid bydrocarbons alone or com-
bined; or such substances or either or any of them separately or combined-
Or such substances or either or any of them may be used combined with
the aforesaid solutions or mixtures of dissolved leather or bone treated as
before mentioned
We also find that improved insulation may be obtained by the use of the
foregoing processes alone combined or alternately according to the results
required for aerial, submarine, subterranean or terrestial electric telegraphy,
telephony, lighting or power and the preservation of electrical plant from injury
by animal and vegetable life
Another of our improvements in electric insulating apparatus consists in placing
the wires, after having been properly insulated, and arranged either spirally or
parallel in suitable pipes which pipes are afterwards filled up with our improved
or with any other suitable insulating material
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Feréday Bottomley, James Harold Barry, and John James 3
Lundy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th January 1883.
WILLIAM FEREDAY BOTTOMLEY of Wood Green Middlesex Electrical Engineer
JAMES HAROLD BARRY of Rendlesham Road Middlesex and JOHN JAMES LUNDY
of Upper Thames Street London "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MATERIALS FOR AND
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRIC INSULATING APPARATUS AND IN THE MEANS
OF PRESERVING THE SAME
"
This Invention has for its object to provide more perfect insulation combined
with the better preservation of the apparatus employed therefor at a considerably

page_text: less cost than has hitherto been practicable and relates to the preparation and
application of materials not hitherto used for such purposes and hereafter more
fully referred to that is to say whilst several of such materials are not novel in
themselves yet their application as practised and described by us is absolutely and
entirely so
To carry out our invention we proceed as follows-In order to obtain an improved
covering material for the preservation of electric apparatus we dissolve leather
with dilute muriatic and chloride or sesquichloride of iron or with caustic soda or
other suitable solvents which solvents or any excess of them may be expressed
therefrom or neutralised therein or first neutralised therein and then expressed
therefrom or dried as most convenient or desirable
We also employ for the same purpose osseine which we obtain by taking bone
and extracting the phosphates therefrom by treating the same with dilute
muriatic acid Or we employ any suitable glue, either in lieu of or in combination
with osseine
Or the leather treated with dilute muriatic acid or chloride or sesquichloride of
iron as already described may have added thereto barks containing tannin either
before or after previous use, catechu, cutch, or other suitable tannin, material either
in the form of tannic acid or its salts or of substances containing them and when
dried may be mixed with raw or boiled linseed or other drying or non drying oil
or vegetable or mineral turpentine naphtha or other hydrocarbon or varnish or
other suitable equivalents by any of the well known methods in ordinary use and
may when so treated be used for insulating purposes
We also by the addition of the before named phosphates or of mineral phosphates
to the osseine or by the addition of such phosphates to leather dissolved as
aforesaid obtain a material suitable for insulating purposes when treated in a like-
manner with oil or any other suitable equivalent or diluent
We also find that the dissolved leather, osseine or phosphates or reconstructed
bone when dried and powdered may be mixed either with raw or boiled linseed or
other drying oil alone or may be mixed with, oil, animal, mineral or vegetable pitch,
gutta percha and paraffin or either of them and may when so treated be applied as
coating for electric plant and apparatus to protect it from deterioration by animal
and vegetable life when employed for subterranean or submarine purposes
Another part of our invention relates to obtaining more perfect insulation by
employing a composition of asphaltum or other bituminous substances, mineral
animal or vegetable pitch or gums and gum resins such as gutta percha, gum kouri,
gum animi, gum copal or other suitable equivalent by melting the same by heat
with the addition of raw or boiled linseed or other drying oil turpentine mineral
or wood naphtha or other liquid hydrocarbons or with paraffin. Or such substances
or either of them may be combined with the dissolved leather or glue or bone
treated as before mentioned
We also find that improved insulation may be obtained by the use of either of
the foregoing processes alone combined or alternately according to the results
required
For the sake of economy we prefer to use animal vegetable or mineral pitch
adding thereto when melted raw or boiled linseed or other drying oil in suitable
proportions according to the requirements to be obtained and the consistency of
the pitch that may be used and whilst not confining ourselves to any particular
proportions of any material we find that we obtain good results from melting two
parts of pitch and adding thereto one part of boiled linseed oil-half a part of
carefully dried and finely pulverised dissolved leather and if desired one part of
gutta percha the whole being well stirred together and amalgamated while in a
heated state
Our improved insulating compositions while hot may be used for insulating
wires or other electric plant and apparatus or when treated with a suitable diluent
they may be used cold for similar purposes They may also be applied either way.
for the permeation of tapes or braids used for electrical purposes to aid in the

page_text: preservation of the insulating material and when in a warm and plastic state they
can also be moulded or pressed into any required shape for insulating apparatus
They may also be vulcanised with sulphur in the usual manner when desired-
By the use of our improved insulating compositions the power of electric plant
and apparatus to resist injury from atmospheres impregnated with chemical or
other fumes as also from moisture is increased thus affording better protection from
oxidation and prolonging its existence
Another of our improvements consists in placing the wires in one or more layers
which may be divided from each other by alternate layers of composition and
sand, sawdust canvas or other textile fabric and by this improved arrangement the
wires can be taken up for examination or repair in separate layers without
disturbing the insulation of those not requiring examination or repair-Or the
pipes boxes or troughs wherein the wires are laid may themselves be coated either
externally or internally with our improved insulating compositions and filled up
solid therewith
Having thus particularly described the nature of our said invention and the
manner of carrying the same into effect we would have it understood that what
we claim is
1° The use of dissolved leather treated as before described for coating electric
plant and apparatus and preserving it from deterioration by animal and vegetable
life substantially in the manner hereinbefore described
2° The use of animal mineral or vegetable pitch combined with raw or boiled
linseed or other drying oil and either with or without dissolved leather osseine,
glue, gutta-percha, gum, or paraffin substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein before described
3° The insulating electric plant and apparatus by the application thereto of
animal vegetable or mineral pitch melted and combined with raw or boiled linseed
or other drying oil and combined or not with dissolved leather osseine, glue, gutta
percha, gum or paraffin or either substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein before described
4°-The improved method of laying the wires in alternate layers of insulating
composition separated from each other by canvas or other suitable textile fabric
or by sand, sawdust or other suitable equivalent or material and whether coated
with our improved or any other insulating compound substantially as hereinbefore
described
In witness whereof I the said John James Lundy on behalf of myself and
the said William Fereday Bottomley and James Harold Barry have
hereunto set my hand and seal this fourth day of January in the Year of
Our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty three
Witness,
ELT & Co.
Agents,
33 Southampton Buildings,
London.
JOHN J. LUNDY. (LS.)
56 Leadenhall Street
London E.C.