IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATE BARS AND APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Pickup, of Globe Foundry, Manningham, near
Bradford, in the County of York, Grate Bar Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATE BARS AND APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE."
Sealed the 30th July 1878, and dated the lɔth May 1878,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Pickup at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1878.
JAMES PICKUP, of Globe Foundry, Manningham, near Bradford, in the County of
York, Grate Bar Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATE BARS AND APPARATUS
FOR CONSUMING SMOKE"
The object of my Invention is to arrange rocking grate bars in such a manner
that when any of the bar teeth are broken, burnt, or otherwise damaged the
damaged tooth can be repaired without having to dispense with the entire bar;
also to arrange the back end, or what is commonly known as the bridge end, of the
fire-bars in order to admit more air to the fire and assist the air passsing through
the air spaces of the grate bars to consume the fuel and smoke.
I accomplish my object in the following manner:-I form at the end of a square
or flat bar, journals, which rest in suitable bearings formed in the dead plates. The
toothed portions of the grate bars are cast in sections, and are thread through a
hole formed through the centre of the castings on to the before-named bar in such
a manner that the teeth project right and left, and the tops or the parts that are
exposed to the fire are all in a straight plain. It will be easily understood that
when any of the teeth are damaged, by taking the bar out of the furnace the
sections of the grate bar can be slided from off the first-mentioned bar and the
damaged section replaced with a new one.
I accomplish the second part of my improvement as follows:-I place a number
of hollow bars at the bridge end of the fire-bars at an angle to the same. These
hollow bars are connected with the air passage under the grate bars in such a way
that the air passes through the hollow portion of the bars to the top side of the fire;

page_text: and thereby admit an additional amount of atmospheric air, which will assist to
consume the fuel and smoke. These bars can also be arranged hollow in such a
way that the side of the bar that is most exposed to the action of the fire is filled
with water, and is in connection with the boiler.
When I use the hollow water bars or pipes I arrange the bar so that I have a 5
current of air passing through a hollow cavity or channel at the back side of the
water bar to the top side of the fire, as before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Pickup in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th November
1878,
"
JAMES PICKUP, of Globe Foundry, Manningham, near Bradford, in the County of
York, Grate Bar Manufacturer. IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATE BARS AND APPARATUS
FOR CONSUMING SMOKE."
The object of my Invention is to arrange rocking grate bars in such a manner
that when any of the bar teeth are broken, burnt, or otherwise damaged the
damaged tooth can be repaired without having to dispense with the entire bar;
also to arrange the back end, or what is commonly known as the bridge end, of the
fire-bars in such a way as to admit more air to the fire, and thus assist the air
passing through the air spaces of the grate bars to consume the fuel and smoke.
I accomplish my object in the following manner:-I form at each end of a
square, flat, or oval bar, journals, which rest in suitable bearings formed in the
dead plates when the grate bars are fixed longitudinally with the fire-box, or in
the side rails when the fire-bars are placed transversely with the fire-box. The
toothed portions of the grate bars are cast in sections, and have a hole formed
through each casting at or near to the coutre. Through this hole I place a journal
bar, and thread as many castings on the saine as are rquired. The teeth of the
fire-bars project right and left, and the tops or parts that are exposed to the fire
are all in a straight plain. It will be easily understood that when any of the teeth
are damaged the damaged portion can be repaired by taking the bar out of the
furnace, and sliding the sections from off the journal bar, and when the damaged
sections have been replaced with new the remainder can be again put upon the
journal bar, and replaced in the furnace.
I accomplish the second part of my improvement as follows:-I place a number
of hollow bars or pipes at the bridge end of the fire-bars, at an angle of, say,
45 degrees with the fire-bars. These hollow bars or pipes are connected with the
air passage under the fire-bars in such a way that the air passes through the hollow
portion of the bars or pipes to the top side of the fire, and thereby admits an
additional amount of atmospheric air, which will assist to consume the fuel and
smoke. These bars can also be arranged hollow in such a way that the side of the
hollow bar or pipe that is most exposed to the action of the fire is filled with water,
and is in connection with the boiler.

page_text: When I use the hollow water bars or pipes I arrange the same so that I have a
current of air passing through a pipe fixed at the back side of each water bar,
which extend to the top of the water bars, and admits air to the top side of the
fire, as before described.
Such being the nature and object of this my Invention, I will now proceed to
more fully describe the same; and in order that the same may be understoood I
have hereunto annexed one Sheet of Drawings, and have marked the same with
letters of reference.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section through a fire-box that is fitted with
my improved fire-bars and air pipes; Figure 2 is a plan of the same; Figure 3 is
a section of the same through line a, b.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through a fire-box, shewing a modification of
my improved fire-bars, and the water bars and air tubes at the bridge end;
Figure 5 is a plan of the same; and Figuro 6 is a transverse section of Figure 4
through line c, d.
In all the Figures similar letters represent similar parts.
The fire-bars are shewn fitted in the fire-box in a transverso direction. Each
alternate bar is a rocking bar; the bars A are stationary and B moveable, which
are caused to rock in the ordinary manner by means of a bell-crank lever fitted to
the front dead plate. This lever is in connection with the snugs or projections C.
Both the stationary bars A and the rocking bars B are cast in sections, and are
placed on the carrying bars D and E, whicli rest on the side bars F, F. The
carrying bars D have journals formed at each end, which allow the bars B to rock
when the before-named bell-crank lover is actuated; G is the back dead plate, on
which is formed the ordinary bridge H; through the said dead plate holes are
formed, in which I place a series of air pipes J in a diagonal direction, and a
series K perpendicular. These air pipes may be formed of iron or fire-clay, and
are for the purpose of conveying the atmospheric air to the top side of the fire, and
thus assist to consume the smoke.
In Figures 4 and 5 I shew a modified method of applying my improvement. I
fix the stationary bars L in one or more lengths, which rest on the front and back
dead plates. Between each of these stationary bars L I place my improved
sectional bars B, which are mounted on the carrying bars E, and actuated as before
described.
At the back or bridge end of the fire-bars is shewn a series of water bars M,
which are continuous and fixed in a diagonal direction, as shewn in Figure 4.
Each end of the coil of water bars M is in connection with the boiler; the flow is
connected near the bottom of the boiler, and the return near the water level, and
thus a constant flow of water is ensured to pass through the pipes, which will draw
the cold water from the bottom of the boiler, and thus improve the circulation.
At the back of these water bars I fix the air pipes N which convey air to the top
side of the fire, as before described.
Figure 7 is an enlarged elevation of my improved sectional bar, shewing the
snug or projection C that is in connection with the bell-crank lever; the projections
or distance pieces O are cast on the side of each bar for the purpose of giving the
required amount of air space between the stationary and rocking bars; Figure 8 is
a plan of the same.
Figure 9 shews my improved sectional stationary bar, and Figure 10 is a plan of
the same.
The projection or distance piece O is for the purpose before described,
and the guide strips P keep the rocking bars parallel with the stationary bars.
Figure 11 is an elevation of a portion of my modified stationary bar, which can
be made in one or more lengths, and secured together to suit the length of the fire;
these bars rest on the front and back dead plates, and are recessed on the under
side at Qto allow room for the before-mentioned carrying bars E. At each side of
the stationary bar I cast projections or guides P, which keep the rocking bars in
position, and form the division for the air spaces between the bars; Figure 12 is a
plan of the same.

page_text: When I apply stationary bars, as last described, I make the rocking bars plain,
as shown in Figures 13 and 14. These bars can be arranged so that they can be
reversed, an elevation of which is shewn in Figure 15, and in plan at Figure 16.
When one edge of the rocking bars, say at R, are burnt away the fire-bar can be
removed from the furnace, and the sections removed from the carrying bar E, and
when replaced the other edges S can be put on the top side and exposed to the
fire; thus by these means I am enabled to burn both edges of the rocking bars, and
make the bars more durable.
Having thus described my said Invention, and the manner in which the same
is or may be carried into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise details in the formation of the rocking and stationary bars
hereby described and delineated, as the same may be further modified_without
departing from the characteristic nature of my Invention, but that what I believe
to be new and original, and claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
The formation of sectional fire-bars, which are mounted on carrying bars, sub-
stantially for the purpose as herein-before described, and illustrated by the accom-
panying Drawings.
The arrangement of air pipes and water pipes, separately or in combination at
the bridge end of the fire-bars, substantially for the purpose herein-before described,
and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Pickup, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
Witness,
JOHN WAUGH,
Engineering and Patent Offices,
Bradford,
Yorks.
JAMES PICKUP. (L.S.)