Improvements in or relating to Steam Generators.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Steam Generators.
I, JOHN FORREST WALTERS, Engineer, of Clyde House, Twickenham, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to steam generators and is intended to combine the
advantages of water-tube boilers in which a large number of small tubes are
employed, with the advantages due to the flash system, with the additional
advantages of reducing the cost of construction.
In carrying out the invention, the details of which may be varied without
departing from the spirit of the invention, I take the design usually associated
with water-tube boilers, that is to say, I have at the top a drum which may
contain water, and steam, and at the bottom at the sides sinaller drums intended
to contain water only, the two sets of drums being connected as will presently
appear.
Proceeding upwards from the bottom drums are side walls enclosing the fur-
nace, each wall containing a number of tubular passages of suitable shape which
connect the bottom or water drums with the top or water and steam drum, or
drums. The fire space is thus comprised within the three or more drums, and the
side and end walls, all of which may be provided with the rising tubes. It is
intended that as much as possible of this boiler shall be formed of a single
piece, preferably by casting, suitable metal being employed. I do not bind
myself to any particular metal, but I may use steel, gun metal, bronze or the like.
The upper drum is provided with horizontal longitudinal openings placed above
the water-level, and communicating with the previously described rising tubes
or passages so that the water which is converted into steam in those passages is
discharged into the steam space of the drum. One or both ends may as already
explained be provided with the tubulous wall, but as the fire door is preferably
situated at one end, that end may be a plain end or only a portion of it tubulous.
The end wall may deliver into the same channel into which the side walls
deliver, or they may be arranged to discharge into the end of the drum which
may either be an integral portion of the rest of the boiler, or a cover to be
bolted on.
At one or both ends tubes may be placed outside the boiler to take
the water from the top drums to the lower drums. A cross drum at one or both
ends at the bottom may be employed if desired.
The products of combustion from the furnace may be passed through one or
more tubes extending preferably vertically through the steam drum, or the drum
may be divided longitudinally, the products passing between the drums and the
divisions being utilized for delivering the steam from the side or end walls.
By the arrangement of these hollow walls which present only a slight depth
of water very rapid circulation and conversion into steam is obtained.
If desired the walls could be made simply in the form of double walls with the
shallow space between for the water, the parts being suitably stayed together;

page_text: however for strength and general utility I prefer to form the rising space as a
series of pipes or tubulous faces.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1897
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Steam Generators.
I, JOHN FORREST WALTERS, Engineer, of Clyde House, Twickenham, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to steam generators and is intended to combine the
advantages of water-tube boilers in which a large number of small tubes are
employed, with the advantage due to the flash system, with the additional
advantage of reducing the cost of construction.
In carrying out the invention, the details of which may be varied without
departing from the spirit of the invention, I take the design usually associated
with water-tube boilers, that is to say, I have at the top a drum which may
contain water and steam, which is hereinafter called the steam chamber or
drum and at the bottom at the side small drums intended to contain water only,
the two sets of drums being connected as will presently appear.
Proceeding upwards from the bottom drums are side walls enclosing the fur-
nace, each wall containing a number of tubular passages of suitable shape which
connect the bottom or water drums with the top or steam drum, or
drums. The fire space is thus comprised within the three or more drums, and the
side and end walls, all of which may be provided with the rising tubes. It is
intended that as much as possible of this boiler shall be formed of a single
piece, preferably by casting, suitable metal being employed. I do not bind
myself to any particular metal, but I may use steel, gun metal, bronze or the like.
The upper drum is provided with horizontal longitudinal openings placed above
the water-level, and communicating with the previously described rising tubes
or passages so that the water which is converted into steam in those passages is
discharged into the steam space of the drum. One or both ends may as already
explained be provided with the tubulous wall, but as the fire door is preferably
situated at one end, that end may be a plain end or only a portion of it tubulous.
The end walls may deliver into the same channels into which the side walls
deliver, or they may be arranged to discharge into the end of the drum which
may either be an integral portion of the rest of the boiler, or a cover to be
bolted on.
At one or both ends tubes may be placed outside the boiler to take
the water from the top drums to the lower drums. A cross drum at one or both
ends at the bottom may be employed if desired.
The products of combustion from the furnace may be passed through one or
more tubes extending preferably vertically through the steam drum, or the drum
may be divided longitudinally, the products passing between the drums and the
divisions being utilized for drying the steam from the side or end walls
By the arrangement of these hollow walls which present only a slight depth
of water very rapid circulation and conversion into steam is obtained.
If desired the walls could be made simply in the form of double walls with the

page_text: shallow space between for the water, the parts being suitably stayed together;
however for strength and general utility I prefer to form the rising space as a
series of pipes or tubulous faces.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate various constructions of steam
generator all according to this invention.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section.
Fig. 2 is a half sectional plan on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section one half being on the line 3-3 and the
other on the line 3"-3" of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows a portion of the steam generator in transverse vertical section on
the line 44 of Fig. 1.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of a portion of another construction
of steam generator.
Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section on the lines 66 and 6-6ª of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section of a portion of another form of steam
generator.
Figures 8 and 9 are elevations at right angles to each other showing part of
another steam generator.
Fig. 10 is a vertical transverse section of another construction of steam gene-
rator, and
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a portion of the steam generator illustrated in
section in Fig. 10.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
With reference first to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, A is the main water and steam
chamber of the boiler, supported by walls B B₁ upon water chambers or drums C.
The walls B B¹ are hollow and are divided into passages B2 by means of ribs B.
The lower half of the chamber or drum A is formed by an approximately semi-
cylindrical shell A¹; and the spaces D between this shell A¹ and the lower por-
tion of the roof or cover of the drum A form longitudinal passages into which
the passages B2 in the side walls B lead. The passages B32 in the end walls B¹
lead into passages E which communicate with the longitudinal spaces D.
The bottom part of the shell A¹ is hollow and is provided with tubular pas-
sages A which communicate with a central passage A³ extending at each end as
at A4, down into the end water chambers C. A pipe F is also provided formed
in one of the end walls B¹; it directly connects the interior of the steam drum A
with the end water-drum C.
A smoke uptake G passes through the drum A, and a fire-door is provided in
one of the side walls B as at H.
The ends of the drums A and C are formed of caps or doors J which may be
attached by means of bolts or in any convenient manner.
It is to be understood that with the exception of the doors J, the boiler as
above described may be cast in one piece.
The semi-cylindrical shell A¹ may if desired be cast or otherwise formed
separate from the rest of the boiler. Boilers constructed in this manner are
illustrated in Figures 5, 6 and 7; in these cases the lower half of the drum A is
preferably a plain semi-cylindrical shell A¹ which rests upon ridges or corruga-
tions A5 formed upon a plate A6 and thus forms the passages A³.
In the construction illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the shell A is divided
longitudinally as at A7 and recessed so as to encircle the uptake G, which is
formed in one piece with the exterior wall of the drum A; each half is placed
in position by sliding it in through the larger end of the drum A and turning it
so that the recess fits round the uptake G.
Or again, as in Figure 7, the shell A' may be divided transversely as at A8
and recessed as before described; it is then necessary to make both the doors J
at the ends of the drum A large in order that a portion of the shell A¹ may be
inserted at each end of the drum A.

page_text: Figures 8 and 9 are elevations showing one end of a boiler according to this
invention in which the fire-door H is formed in one of the end walls B₁, which
in this case is preferably single, that is to say, it is not provided with tubular
passages. The pipes Fare in this construction separate from the wall B' being
formed in one piece with the doors J. It will be seen that the pipes F are
V-shaped so that the drum A is connected to each of the side water-chambers C.
Fig. 10 is a transverse section of a steam generator in which the fire-door H is
formed in one of the end-walls B₁ and the products of combustion are allowed to
pass out at an opening G¹ above the fire-door H.
In this construction there is thus no smoke uptake through the steam drum A
and consequently the shell A' may if desired be cast separately in one piece as
illustrated in Fig. 11 and placed in position through the door H.
It is obvious that many alterations may be made in the details of boilers as
described above without departing from the spirit of this invention; for instance,
the smoke uptake G may extend longitudinally through the interior of the
drum A and be brought out at the end.
Boilers according to this invention may be provided with any desired fittings
or accessories which are, however, not described as they form no part of the pre-
sent invention
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A steam generator in which a steam chamber is connected with a water
chamber by tubes or passages formed in one piece with the chambers.
2. A steam generator having a steam chamber connected with one or more
water chambers by tubes or passages formed in the walls which support the
steam chamber.
3. A. steam generator in which the water chambers the steam chamber and the
walls of the fire-space are all formed in a single piece.
4. A steam generator in which the water chambers the steam chamber and the
tubular walls of the fire-space are all cast in a single piece.
5. A steam generator in which the water tubes are in the form of passages in
hollow walls surrounding the fire-space.
6. A steam generator of the kind described having a portion A' of the steam
chamber formed separately substantially as described.
7. The complete steam generator substantially as described or illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 or Figures 5 and 6 or Figure 7 or Figures 8 and 9 or
Figures 10 and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 8th day of August 1898.
JOHN F. WALTERS,
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.