Improvements in or relating to Pump and similar Pistons.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 25th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 18th June, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Pump and similar Pistons.
I, JOHANNES HEINRICI DEDUS, of Berresheim, near Münstereifel, (Rhine
Province, Germany), Mine Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention relates to pump and similar pistons and has for its object to
automatically compress the packing so as to ensure its water-tightness in the
cylinder.
In sinking shafts especially in firm and sandy ground the packing of pump
pistons becomes very quickly worn out by the solid particles present in the water,
and the packing therefore becomes leaky. Water then passes between the piston
and the wall of the cylinder, whereby the efficiency of the pump is affected and,
the piston packing consisting in most cases of hemp, hemp-rope, linen or other
material is destroyed by being torn or destroyed. The packing then has to be
replaced by a new one, which operation occupies a considerable time. In cases
where there are no spare machines which would work in the meantime, the work of
sinking the shaft must be interrupted until all the water that has collected during
the stoppage of the pump has been pumped out from the bottom of the shaft.
This invention relates to a device for pistons which automatically compress the
piston-packing during working and thus causes the cylinder to be completely
water-tight. This is effected by means of a nut provided with metal-vanes which
are caused to rotate by the flowing water or, in still water, by the friction
resulting from the descent of the piston. The effect of the rotation of these vanes
is transmitted by means of suitable devices to the piston-packing which may be
constituted by twisted hemp, hemp-rope, linen or other suitable material which
is thus compressed and is maintained in a water tight condition until it wears out.
The piston rod is provided with a screw-thread with which engages a cylindrical
nut, On the latter there are secured by set screws or otherwise two rings on
which are adjustably arranged four vanes which, in the same way as Wollmann's
vanes, are caused to rotate by the descent of the piston through the water or by
friction against still water. The rotary movement of the vanes is transmitted by
means of the rings to the nut which thus moves downwards on the screwed rod.
On this screw-rod there is mounted beneath the nut a preferably three-armed
or forked part the lower ends of the arms of which press against a metal, say
wrought iron--or copper, ring which is adjustably mounted on the cylindrical
piston and presses upon the top of the piston-packing. To prevent the nut from
returning it is provided with a ratchet-wheel with which engages a spring con-
trolled pawl secured on one of the arms of the forked part so that the part which
rests loosely on the ring and the screw-rod are prevented from turning. At the
upper end of the piston there is secured by screws a fork which loosely engages
with or embraces the screw-rod-which in this place is of square cross section and
with one of the arms of the forked part and prevents both from turning.
The vanes can as already mentioned, be placed at different angles relatively to
each other by means of the adjustability of the two rings to which they are

page_text: attached so that the pressure on the piston-packing may be regulated as desired.
When, for instance, the piston-speed is increased which results in a stronger flow
of water as well as in an increased speed of rotation of the vanes, the vanes
would be placed more nearly in a vertical position to obviate too strong a pressure
on the packing. The inventor however reserves himself the right to make the
nut and vanes in one piece or to attach the nut to the vanes itself, or to make the
vanes non-adjustable and at a constant angle.
The device works as follows:-
After the piston has completed its upward stroke during which the suction
valve was closed and water was pumped up and begins to descend, the water
under the piston passes through the valve producing a more or less strong current.
This current causes the vanes to rotate and also the nut screwed to them which
latter owing to the angle at which the vanes are set becomes screwed down on
the screw-rod. This descending movement is 'transmitted through the forked
part to the ring which in its turn presses on the piston-packing compresses the
latter and maintaining it water-tight, so that neither water nor sand can pass
between the piston and the cylinder wall.
Although the pressure of the head of water over the piston on the ring com-
presses the piston-packing, still this compression is not sufficient to render the
joint between the piston and the cylinder-wall sufficiently water-tight. The ring
would also become loose through the friction against the cylinder wall during
the up and down movement of the piston which loosening is avoided in the present
invention by the ratchet device on the nut.
As the above described device always automatically keeps the packing of the
piston water-tight, thus avoiding the necessity of changing pistons which occupies
a long time, it may be usefully applied to pumps used in sinking shafts and wells
and in excavating foundations for buildings and for other similar purposes.
D
GOLL
f T..1.. 1907
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
f
Improvements in or relating to Pump and similar Pistons.
I, JOHANNES HEINRICH DEBUS, of Berresheim, near Münstereifel, (Rhine
Province, Germany,) Mine Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to pump and similar pistons and has for its object to
automatically compress the packing so as to ensure its tight fitting in the cylinder.
In sinking shafts, especially in firm, and sandy ground the packing. of pump
pistons become very quickly worn out by the solid particles present in the water,
and the packing therefore becomes leaky. Water then passes between the piston
and the wall of the cylinder, whereby the efficiency of the pump is affected and,
the piston packing consisting generally of hemp, hemp-rope, linen or similar
material, becomes torn or destroyed. The packing then has to be replaced by
a new one, which operation occupies a considerable time. In cases where there
are no spare machines which could work in the meantime, the work of sinking
the shaft must be interrupted until all the water that has collected during the
stoppage of the pump has been pumped out from the bottom of the shaft.
This invention relates to a device for pistons which automatically compresses
the piston-packing during working and thus causes the cylinder to be completely
water-tight. This is effected by means of a nut provided with metal-vanes which

page_text: are caused to rotate by the flowing water or, in still water, by the friction result-
ing from the descent of the piston. The effect of the rotation of these vanes is
transmitted by means of suitable devices to the piston-packing which may be
constituted by twisted hemp, hemp-rope, linen or other suitable material whereby
it is compressed and is maintained in a water-tight condition until it wears out.
In the accompanying drawing a piston according to the present invention is
shown in',
-
Fig. 1 partly in elevation and partly in section,
Fig. 2 is a plan of the piston, the nut and metal-vanes being removed,
Fig. 3 shows the nut and the vanes in plan.
Fig. 4 is a top-view of the.nut with ring for securing the vanes.
The piston rod is provided with a screw thread with which engages a cylindrical
nut A. On the latter there are secured by set screws or otherwise two rings B
and B on which are adjustably arranged four vanes or plates C which in the same
way as Wollmann's vanes, are caused to rotate by the descent of the piston through
the water, or by friction against still water. The rotary movement of the vanes C
is transmitted by means of the rings B B to the nut A which thus moves down-
wards on the screw-rod.
On this screw-rod there is mounted beneath the nut a preferably three-armed
or branched part D the lower ends of the arms of which press against a metal,
say wrought-iron or copper ring E which is adjustably mounted on the cylindrical
piston and presses upon the top of the piston-packing. To prevent the nut from
returning it is provided with a ratchet wheel S with which engages a spring con-
trolled pawl T secured preferably to one of the arms of the forked part D so that
the part D which rests loosely on the ring E and the screw rod are prevented from
turning. At the upper end of the piston there is secured, say by screws M a fork
which loosely engages with or embraces the screw-rod which here is of square
cross section and with one of the arms of the forked part D and so prevents both
of them from turning.
The vanes C can as already mentioned be placed at different angles by means
of the adjustability of the two rings B to which they are attached so that the
pressure on the piston-packing may be regulated as desired. When, for instance,
the piston speed is increased, which results in a stronger flow of water as well as
in an increased speed of rotation of the vanes the vanes would be placed more
nearly in a vertical position to obviate too strong a pressure on the packing. The
inventor however reserves himself the right to make the nut and vanes in one
piece or to attach the vanes to the nut itself, or to make the vanes non-adjustable
and at a constant angle.
The device, the constructive application of which is illustrated in the accom-
panying drawing, works as follows:-
After the piston has completed its upward stroke during which the suction. valve
was closed and water was pumped up and begins to descend, the water under the
piston passes through the valve producing a more or less strong current. This
current causes the vanes to rotate and also the nut secured to them which latter―
owing to the angle at which the vanes are set becomes screwed down on the screw-
rod. This descending movement is transmitted through the forked part. D to the
ring E which in its turn presses on the piston packing compresses the latter and
keeps it water tight so that neither water nor sand can pass between the piston and
the cylinder-wall.
Although the pressure of the head of water over the piston or the ring E com-
presses the piston-packing, still this compression is not sufficient to render the
joint between the piston and the cylinder wall sufficiently water-tight. The
ring E would also become loose through the friction against the cylinder wall
during the reciprocating movement of the piston, which loosening is avoided in
the present invention by the ratchet device on the nut.
As the above described device always automatically keeps the packing of the
piston water-tight, thus avoiding the necessity of changing pistons which occupies

page_text: a
long time it may be usefully applied to pumps used in sinking shafts and wells
and in excavating foundations for buildings and for other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be. performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. Means for automatically compressing the packing of pumps or similar pistons
comprising a nut on the screw threaded piston rod, said nut being adapted to be
rotated, when the piston moves in one direction, by metallic vanes or plates con-
nected to said nut, movement in the opposite direction being prevented by a stop
device and means between the nut and piston packing for compressing the latter
by the movement of the nut, substantially as described.
2. Means for automatically compressing the packing of pump or similar pistons.
comprising a screw threaded piston rod, a nut thereon provided with fixed or
adjustable vanes, means for preventing the rotation of the nut in one direction
a movable plate above the piston packing and a branched part between said plate
and the nut substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete device
for automatically compressing the packing of pump and similar pistons substan
tially as described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of April 1898.
Dated this 22nd day of April 1898.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.