Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 10th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Mar., 1887.
I SAMUEL CHATWOOD of Bolion in the County of Lancaster Banker's Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of safes and
strong rooms.
I build my strong rooms safes or other receptacles to contain the property to be
protected of compound steel made from conglomerate ingots of steel and iron or of
ingot iron or mild steel which when heated-to redness and plunged into water will
not harden but remain ductile and steel which when heated to redness and plunged
into water will harden.
I divide the ingot mould into chambers by one or more slabs or plates of iron or
mild steel heated to redness after being freed from scale or oxidation by any of the
well known methods which chambers I fill with fluid steel capable of being harden
when heated to redness and plunged into water or. I sometimes divide the ingot mould
into chambers by heated plates or slabs of steel which will harden when plunged into
water after being heated to redness and fill the chambers in the mould with ingot iron
or mild steel which will not so harden. The heated plates or slabs may be either
solid or perforated. The object aimed at in heating the intersecting plates or slabs
before bringing them into contact with the fluid metal is to ensure cohesion of the two
metals in a more perfect manner than has been possible by the methods heretofore in
use where steel and iron bars have been placed side by side and heated together before
being hammered or rolled or where coll iron bars have been placed into the ingot
mould and surrounded by fluid steel.
When more than one slab or plate is to be placed in the mould I fasten them
together with distance pieces separating the plates the desired distance from each
other and the chambers in the mould so formed I fill with fluid metal of the quality
desired.
If desired some of the chambers of the mould may be filled with ingot iron and
others with steel care being taken to maintain the level of the fluid metal at the same
height in all the chambers of the mould the heating of the plates or slabs before

page_text: placing them in the mould removes the necessity of using thin dividing plates as
described in Chatwood's Specification No. 5322 1882, as when the dividing plates are
placed in the mould cold it is desirable to have them thin in order to ensure semi-
fusion by contact with the ingot iron on one side and the fluid steel on the other but
when placed in the mould in a heated condition the plates may be of any thickness
desired and permits of the use of one kind of fluid metal instead of two.
sometimes instead of dividing the ingot mould into chambers by heated plates or
slabs place heated bars in the ingot mould and surround the bars with steel or ingot
iron. The ingots so prepared I hammer or roll into plates sheets or bars of the
desired form which I render intractible to cutting instruments by hardening in the
usual manner. Thus plates and safe frames may be produced which will not break.
and at the same time will resist cutting and drilling instruments. I sometimes cast
parts of safes or strong rooms of ingot iron or mild steel having first placed within
the mould steel plates or bars heated to redness or the casting may be of steel capable
of being hardened and the intersecting plates or bars of iron or mild steel.
In order to avoid the necessity of making holes through the plates of strong rooms
and safes for the purpose of fastening them to the connecting limbs I dispense with
the use of rivets and screws and I form grooves near the edges of the plates and
which I cause to engage and fit with corresponding projections on the connecting
limb used at the joints of the plates in strong rooms and on the front and back frames
of safes or if desired the grooves may be in the frames and the corresponding pro-
jections on the plates-I fasten the plates of strong rooms together by bars of I section
with one or both of the heads undercut so that at the edges they are thicker than at
the point of junction with the stem and on the outsides of the plates near the outer
edges the space between two heads of the connecting bar at the point of junction with
the stem is equal to the thickness of the plate and the space between the two heads at
their edges is equal to the thickness of the plates at the depressed or cut away portions
so that when the edges of the plates are forced into the undercut grooves of the
connecting limbs they are effectually dovetailed and firmly secured together. When
it is not convenient to slide the edges of the plates into the dovetailed grooves of the
connecting limbs I undercut one of the heads only and I make the space between the
two heads at their edges equal to the full thickness of the plates to be connected
together so that the plates can be pushed sideways into the spaces between the two
heads of the connecting limb and the space between the inner head and the plate
caused by causing the dovetail undercut of the outer head and the dovetail groove
near the edge of the plate on its outer side to fit together and fill in with bars
wedged home these may or may not be further secured by screws without making
holes in the plates themselves. The connecting limbs forming the corners are rolled
in the form of angles with undercut depressions on their inner sides equal to the
thickness of the plates inner angles being fastened to the corner connecting limbs by
screws rivets or other manner found convenient. I sometimes however cast the
corner connecting limb of steel of suitable section to permit of the plates being
fastened by wedges as at the intermediate joints where the connecting limbs are of
double headed T section with one or both of the heads undercut. I build up portable
safes without making screw or rivet holes through the plates in the following manner.
I take a plate of sufficient length to form the four sides and on the lines across the
plate where I desire to make the corners I make it soft preferably by heat of gas
flame and I bend the plate at right angles-three of the corners may be bent and the
fourth welded up or the four corners may be bent and the two ends of the plate
welded up at any convenient point-I provide the plate with grooves or projecting
ribs near the edges of the plate on its outer side and on the inner sides of the front
and back frames of the safe I also provide corresponding projecting ribs or grooves
as the case may be and I expand or elongate the frames by heat to an extent equal to
the thickness of the projecting ribs so that in the heated condition the frames will
pass on to the shell and the projections will on the contraction of the frames fill up
the corresponding grooves and so firmly secure the shell and frames together without
screws or rivets,

page_text: Sometimes I provide the plate with grooves or projections on its inner surface and
corresponding grooves or projections on the outer surface of the front and back
frames and shrink the shell on the front and back frames instead of shrinking the
front and back frames on to the shell.
The plate forming the back I support on the back edges of the four sides of the
safe and on stay bars which may be attached to or be recessed within the body plate
and sometimes secured to the back and front frames which are thus made to support
each other the stay bars I prefer to be of Tee or angle section with a packing of
compressed fibre placed between the head and the inner shell of the safe to prevent
metallic connection between the inner and outer shells. The front and back frames
and the plates for forming the bodies of safes may be bent at the corners in any con-
venient manner but I prefer to bend them by using a machine consisting of a table
with strong standards through which passes a portable anvil block capable of being
withdrawn to allow the removal of the bent frame or plate. The cross head of the
machine is provided with screws eccentrics or hydraulic rams for holding the plate or
bar to be bent firmly on the anvil attached to the standards. I provide one or more
suitable hydraulic cylinders the ram or rams of which carry a suitable roller the ram
working at right angles to the table of the bending machine.
The roller of the ram is so adjusted as on its descent to carry that portion of the
plate or bar to be bent which projects beyond the face of the anvil over the edge of
the anvil and along its horizontal face thus making a corner corresponding to the two
sides of the anvil usually however a right angle with slightly rounded corner the bar
or plate having been first heated to redness by the action of gas flame provided by
moveable burners fitting in the side framing of the table-sometimes cover the
edges of the door plates of safes by placing them under the table of a T frame and
behind the web formning the flange of the lock case instead of on the table and behind
a separate nozing as described in my Specification No. 7662--1884.
In safes having the front and back frames bent at the corners I sometimes protect
the corners by an angle ring with a groove or projection on the inner side of the
vertical flange which I fit or shrink on the bottom and sometimes on the top at right
angles to the front frame of the safe I make horizontal recesses in or make
corresponding projections on the front and back frames which will be covered by the
shrunk on angle rings and into which projecting parts of the one will fit into the
grooves of the other on contraction of the rings entirely dispensing with screws or
rivets for the purpose of securing the rings to the safe body.
It has been usual to make the box on the door containing fire resisting composition
either part of the lock case or attached to it by a continuous metallic connection I
prefer however to allow a space between the lock case and the fire proof box of the
door and to place blocking pieces of refractory material between them to hinder the
passage of heat from the door and its metal lock case to the box containing fire
resisting composition.
In order to render safes more secure repositories against fire I make the shell con-
taining fire resisting composition without rims and having filled the space between the
shell and the outer body of the safe with suitable fire-resisting composition 1 place a
frame of wood or compressed fibre chemically treated so as to be rendered non-
inflammable between the front edge of the shell and the safe body. The frame may
be solid or hollow when hollow I sometimes fill the space with alum or other suitable
substance which on the application of heat of fire will give off vapour to carry off
excessive heat.
In order to make the inner shell of the safe cheaply bend the four sides out of
one sheet about inch to 1 inch wider than the depth required for the shell and on
the sheet forming the back of the shell I bend flanges at right angles with the back
and these flanges I rivet to the sheet forming the four sides or if desired the flanges
may be bent on the inner edge of the sheet forming the sides and be rivetted to the
sheet forming the back of the shell.
In order to increase the amount of protection against fire I sometimes place within
the metal shell a lining formed of slabs of compressed fire or wood chemically

page_text: treated so as to be rendered non-inflammable and these slabs I sometimes place about
inch from the metal shell or I sometimes make hollow slabs and between the walls
of the hollow slabs or in the space between the slabs and the metal shell I place non-
conducting substances or substances such as alum which on the application of the
heat of fire will vapourise and carry off excessive heat. I sometimes line the safe
within the slabs so formed with wood rendered non-inflammable which lining I attach
to the frame of wood or compressed fibre which for this purpose I cause to project
within the inner shell so as to cover the edges of the inner shell and the edges of
the slabs.
I fit the inner wood or compressed fibre case with a door also of wood or compressed
fibre rendered non-inflammable this door I sometimes make hollow and fill the open
space between its two walls with alum or other suitable substance which will give off
vapour and so carry away excessive heat.
I sometimes place an inner cash coffer preferably of steel within the lining of wood
or compressed fibre which coffer 1 screw to the blocks placed within the composition
chamber so as to prevent the removal of the cash coffer without great difficulty and
yet to allow the coffer to be cut off from metallic contact with the metal walls of
the safes.
I sometimes provide the safe with receptacles for the preservation of animal parch-
ment from the injurious effects of vapour of water which effectually preserves
vegetable papers but receptacles for preserving animal parchment are required to be
kept steam tight and comparatively cool. I form the body of the receptacle of fibre
made non-inflammable and comparatively opaque to heat. I either mould the fibre in
a suitable mould under pressure or I wrap prepared paper or fibrous material on
mandrils or moulds of the desired form and size. I prefer to make the case to contain
the parchment open at one end and to fit it within a second case with the open end
inside and on the closed end I provide an overlapping lip to fit against the open end
of the outer case. On the sides and end of the outer case I form projecting ribs and
on the end of the inner case I also provide projecting ribs the projections being from
inch to 1 inch from the body of the case, I then place the compound case within
an outer air-tight case (preferably of thin metal) which I fit tightly on to the pro-
jecting ribs of the parchment case I sometimes make the metal case with hollow sides
and within the air space thus formed I place vessels filled with bi-sulphide of carbon
sulphurous acid or other suitable substance which will volatilize at a comparatively
low temperature and carry off the heat which would be injurious to animal parchment.
When safes are very large I sometimes form within the door a small supplementary
door to serve as a manhole or safety door in the event of accident to lock work of the
door itself.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: 1, SAMUEL CHATWOOD of Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Banker's Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of safes and
strong rooms.
I prefer to build my strong rooms or other receptacles to contain the property to be
protected of compound steel made from conglomerate ingots of steel and iron, ingot
iron or mild steel which when heated to redness and plunged into water will not
harden but remain ductile and steel which when heated to redness and plunged into
water will harden.
I divide the ingot mould into chambers by one or more slabs or plates of iron or
mild steel heated to redness and freed from scale or oxidation by any of the well known
methods. I then fill the chambers with fluid steel capable of being hardened when
heated to redness and plunged into water. Figure 1 of the annexed drawings shews a
plan and figure 2 a vertical section of the ingot mould. a a are heated slabs or
plates arranged within it and the metal poured in between them. Sometimes I
divide the ingot mould into chambers by heated plates or slabs of steel which will
harden when plunged into water after being heated to redness, and fill the chambers
in the mould with ingot iron or mild steel which will not so harden. The heated
plates or slabs may be either solid or perforated. I find great advantage in perforating
the plates or slabs and especially the use of a plate or slab of wrought iron perforated
with holes about half an inch in diameter and with about the same interval between
the holes is recommended to be combined with steel cast upon it and then worked and
hardened as already described. The object aimed at in heating the intersecting plates
or slabs before bringing them into contact with the fluid metal is to ensure cohesion of
the two metals in a more perfect manner ihan has been possible by the methods
heretofore in use.
If desired some of the chambers of the mould may be filled with ingot iron and
others with steel care being taken to maintain the level of the fluid metal at the same
height in all the chambers of the mould. The heating of the plates or slabs before
placing them in the mould remo the necessity of using their dividing plates as
described in Chatwood's specification No. 5322-1882 as when the dividing plates are
placed in the mould cold it is desirable to have them thin in order to ensure semi-fusion
by contact with the ingot iron on one side and the fluid steel on the other but when
placed in the mould in a heated condition the plates may be of any thickness desired.
This permits also of the use of one kind of fluid metal instead of two. I sometimes
instead of dividing the ingot mould into chambers by heated plates or slabs place
heated bars in the ingot mould and surround the bars with steel or ingot iron. The

page_text: ingots so prepared I hammer or roll into plates sheets or bars of the desired form
which I render intractable to cutting instruments by hardening in the usual manner.
Thus plates and safe frames may be produced which will not break and at the same
time will resist cutting and drilling instruments. I sometimes cast parts of safes or
strong rooms of ingot iron or mild steel having first placed within the mould steel
plates or bars heated to redness, or the casting may be of steel capable of being
hardened and the intersecting plates or bars of iron or mild steel.
In order to avoid the necessity of making holes through the plates of strong rooms
and safes for the purpose of fastening them to the connecting limbs I dispense with
the use of rivets and screws and I form grooves near the edges of the plates which I
cause to engage and fit with corresponding projections on the connecting limb which
I use at the joints of the plates in strong rooms and on the front and back frames of
safes.
a is the body of the
bent and closed to a
The projection
Sometimes I intro
on
Figure 3 is a section through the front or back frame of a safe.
safe and the front frame. The plate forming the body is first
rectangular form and then the frame is heated and shrunk on.
the frame then enters the groove a prepared for it on the body.
duce the frames within the body as shewn in Figure 3"; in this construction it is
convenient to close the seam of the body plate after the frames have been inserted. If
desired the grooves may be in the frames and the corresponding projections on the
plates. I fasten the plates of strong rooms together by bars of I section with one or
both of the heads undercut so that at the edges they are thicker than at the point of
junction with the stem so that when the edges of the plates are forced into the under-
cut grooves of the connecting limbs they are effectually dovetailed and firmly secured
together. This arrangement is represented in section by Figures 4 and 5. When it
is not convenient to slide the edges of the plates into the dovetail grooves of the
connecting limbs I undercut one of the heads only and I make the space between the
two heads at their edges equal to the full thickness of the plates to be connected
together so that the plates can be pushed sideways into the spaces between the two
heads of the connecting limb. The space between the inner head and the plate I fill
in with bars wedged home these may or may not be further secured by screws without
making holes in the plates themselves. This arrangement is represented in section by
Figure 6. The connecting limbs forming the corners are rolled in the form of angles
with undercut depressions on their inner sides equal to the thickness of the plates.
Inner angles are fastened to these corner connecting limbs by screws rivits or in other
manner as found convenient. Figure 7 is à section illustrating this arrangement;
cc are the plates to be connected, d d the angular connecting limbs and e the inner
angle. I sometimes however cast the corner connecting limb of steel of suitable
section to permit of the plates being fastened as at the intermediate joints where the
connecting limbs are of double headed T section with one or both of the heads under-
cut. In Figure 8 a connecting limb with two dovetail recesses is shown. Figure 9
is an arrangement which is suitable when the parts cannot be put together endwise;
filling pieces or wedges f. f. are then introduced behind the plates and these further
secured by a cap g.
I build up portable safes without making screw or rivit holes through the plates in
the following manner. I take a plate of sufficient length to form the four sides and on
the lines across the plate where I desire to make the corners I make it soft preferably
by heat of gas flame and I bend the plate at right angles-three of the corners may
he hent and the fourth welded up or the four corners may be bent and the two ends of
the plate welded up at any intermediate point. Figures 10 and 11 illustrate the
bending of the plate. I provide the plate with grooves or projecting ribs near the
edges of the plate on its outer side and on the inner sides of the front and back frames
of the safe I also provide corresponding projecting ribs or grooves as the case may be
as already explained in respect to Figure 3. I expand or elongate the frames by heat
to an extent equal to the thickness of the projecting ribs so that in the heated condition
the frames will pass on to the shell and the projections will on the contraction of the
frames fill up the corresponding grooves and so firmly secure the shell and frames

page_text: together without screws or rivits. Figure 12 is an horizontal section of a safe so
made the figure is not to scale.
Sometimes I provide the plate with grooves or projections on its inner surface, and
corresponding projections or grooves on the outer surface of the front and back frames
and shrink the shell on to the front and back frames instead of shrinking the front and
back frames on to the shell. This plan is illustrated by Figure 13.
The plate forming the back I support on the back edges of the four sides of the safe
and on stay bars which may be attached to or be recessed within the body plate and
sometimes secured to the back and front frames which are thus made to support each
other. The stay bars I prefer to be of Tee or angle section with a packing of
compressed fibre placed between the head and the inner shell of the safe to prevent
metallic connection between the inner and outer shells. Figure 14 is an horizontal
section and Figure 15 is a front elevation shewing the arrangement. is the body
plate, the front frame the back frame and o a T iron support extending from the
lack plate to the front frame. is asbestos packing introduced between the head of
the Tiron and interior cavity of the safe. The front and back frames and the plates for
forming the bodies of safes may be bent at the corners in any convenient manner but
I prefer to bend them by using a machine consisting of a table with strong standards
through which passes a portable anvil block capable of being withdrawn to allow the
removal of the bent frame or plate. The cross head of the machine is provided with
screws eccentrics or hydraulic rams for holding the plate or bar to be bent firmly on
the anvil attached to the standards. I provide one or more suitable hydraulic cylinders
the ram or rams of which carry a suitable roller the ram working at right angles to
the table of the bending machine.
The roller of the ram is so adjusted as on its descent to carry that portion of the
plate or bar to be bent which projects beyond the face of the anvil over the edge of
the anvil and along its vertical face thus making a corner corresponding to the two
sides of the anvil. Usually the form is a right angle with a slightly rounded corner
the bar or plate having been first heated to redness by the action of gas flame provided
by moveable burners. Figure 16 is an elevation of the machine. A represents the
portable anvil capable of motion at right angles to the direction of the length of the
plate to be bent. BB are the standards supporting the anvil A and the hydraulic
cylinders C and D. E represents the plate about to be bent into the position shewn
in the dotted line. F shows a roller working on one or more rams in the cylinder or
cylinders C. D is another cylinder having a ram & terminating in a platten H
situated directly over the anvil block A and between which the plate to be bent is
securely held from any tendency to motion during bending. I shews the gas flame
heating the plate on the line at which it is to be bent. The action of the machine is
as follows. The point at which the bend is required having been heated to redness
the plate is quickly moved forward until the heated portion is just overhanging the
edge of the anvil block, the platten cylinder is now charged and the platten brought
down holding the plate securely in place. The roller is now brought down and the
bending accomplished as shewn by the dotted line.
I sometimes cover the edges of the door plates of safes by placing them under the
table of a frame and behind the web forming the flange of the lock case instead of
on the table and behind a separate nozing as described in my specification No. 7662-
1884. The arrangement is shewn by Figure 17; the edge of the door plate is grooved
and the corner of the table of the T frame is housed in the groove so that wedges
cannot enter between the door plate and the table of the T frame.
In safes having the front and back frames bent at the corners as shewn in Figure 12
I sometimes protect the bottom and sometimes also the top corners by an angle ring
with a groove or projection on the inner side of the vertical flange. I fit and shrink
on the ring at right angles to the front frame of the safe. I make horizontal recesses
in or I make corresponding projections on the front and back frames which will be
covered by the shrunk on angle rings and the projecting parts of the one fit into the
grooves of the other and on contraction of the rings the whole becomes firmly locked
together whilst entirely dispensing with the use of screws or rivits for the purpose of.

page_text: securing the rings to the safe body. Figure 18 is a perspective view partly in section
of a ring to be shrunk on to the top or bottom of a safe; the projections to engage
with grooves in the front and back frames are for clearness shewn more prominent
than they would be in practice.
It has been usual to make the box on the door containing fire resisting composition
either part of the lock case or attached to it by a continuous metallic connection.
I prefer however to allow a space between the lock case and the fire proof box of the
door and to place blocking pieces of refractory material between them to hinder
the passage of heat from the door and its metal lock case to the box containing
the fire resisting composition. Figures 19, 20, 21 and 22 are sectional views
illustrating this part of my invention. is the door plate, s the lock case, the box
containing fire resisting material and the blocking pieces.
In order to render safes more secure repositories against fire I make the shell
containing fire resisting composition without rims and having filled the space between
the shell and the outer body of the safe with suitable fire resisting composition I place
a frame of wood or compressed fibre chemically treated so as to be rendered non-
inflammable between the front edge of the shell and the safe body. The frame may
be solid or hollow, when hollow I sometimes fill the space with alum or other suitable
substance which on the application of heat of fire will give off vapour to carry off
excessive heat. This construction is seen in Figures 20, 21, 23 and 24.
a is the
body or outer plate of the safe, the shell containing fire resisting material, and the
frame of wood or compressed fibre. Sometimes as will be seen I apply a casing of
wood over the shell .
In order to make the inner shell of the safe cheaply I bend the four sides out of one
sheet about in. to 1 in. wider than the depth required for the shell and on the sheet
forming the back of the shell I bend flanges at right angles with the back and these
flanges I rivet to the sheet forming the four sides; this construction is illustrated by
Figure 25. Or if desired the flanges may be bent on the inner edge of the sheet
forming the sides and he rivetted to the sheet forming the back of the shell as shown
by Figure 26.
.?:
In order to increase the amount of protection against fire I sometimes as is shown
in Figure 27 place within the metal shell e a lining formed of slabs of compressed
fibre or wood chemically treated so as to be rendered non-inflammable and these slabs.
1 sometimes place about inch from the metal shell, or I sometimes make hollow slabs
and between the walls of the hollow slabs or in the space y between the slabs and the
metal shell I place non-conducting substances or substances such as alum which on
the application of the heat of fire will vaporize and carry off excessive heat, I some-
times line the safe within the slabs so formed with wood rendered non-inflammable,
which lining I attach to the frame of wood or compressed fibre which for this purpose
I cause to project within the inner shell so as to cover the edges of the inner shell and
the edges of the slabs as in Figures 23 and 24.
1 fit the inner wood or compressed fibre case with a door also of wood or com-
pressed fibre rendered non-inflammable, this door I sometimes make hollow and fill
the open space between its two walls with alum or other suitable substance which will
give off vapour and so carry away excessive heat.
I sometimes place an inner cash coffer preferably of steel within the lining of wood
or compressed fibre which coffer I screw to the blocks placed within the composition
chamber so as to prevent the removal of the cash coffer without great difficulty and
yet to allow the coffer to be cut off from metallic contact with the metal walls of
the safes.
Figure 28 is a section of a safe with an inner cash coffer. A is the outer wall
and the front frame of the safe. C is the main shell enclosing a space for fire
resisting materials D is a non-conducting lining E the steel coffer and F blocks
within the shell C to which the coffer is fixed by screws.
Sometimes I provide the safe with receptacles for the preservation of animal
parchment from the injurious effects of vapour of water. Water vapour effectually
preserves vegetable papers but for receptacles for preserving animal parchment steain

page_text: is required to be excluded and the contents of such receptacles must also be kept
comparatively cool. I form the body of the receptacle of fibre made non-inflammable
and heat resisting. I either mould the fibre in a suitable mould under pressure, or
I wrap prepared paper or fibrous material on mandrils or moulds of the desired form
and size as shewn by the Figures 29 and 30 which are respectively longitudinal and
transverse sections. The inner case G is open at one end and I fit it within a second
case H with the open end inside. On the closed end of G I provide an overlapping
lip G to fit against the open end of the outer case H. On the sides and end of the
outer case I form projecting ribs and on the end of the inner case I also provide pro-
jecting ribs the projections being from inch to 1 inch from the body of the case.
I further place this compound case within an outer airtight case I (preferably of thin
metal) which I fit tightly on to the projecting ribs of the parchment case. I some-
times make the metal case I with hollow sides and within the air space thus formed
I place vessels K filled with bi-sulphide of carbon sulphurous acid or other suitable
substance which will volatilize at a comparatively low temperature thereby excluding
steam and carrying off the heat which would be injurious to animal parchinent. Lis
a closely fitting cover.
When safes are very large I sometimes form within the door a small supplementary
door to serve as a manhole or safety door in the event of accident to lock work of the
door itself. Figure 31 is an elevation of a safe so fitted. Figure 32 is a horizontal
section to a larger scale of the safe door through the manhole and the safety door
fitted to it. Figure 33 is an elevation shewing the way in which the safety door is
carried. Figure 34 is a back view and shews the lock work of the safety door. The
lock shown consists of three radial bolts 1, 1, 1, which can be shot or withdrawn by
the rotation of a disc 2 which can be turned by a handle on its axis. Each bolt has a
pin 3 standing out from it and these pins project into curved slots formed in the disc.
The disc is secured and prevented from rotating by the bolt 4 of a small lock shot into
a notch in its circumference.-This door is of a size to permit a boy to pass; it can
be opened in case the main key should be lost. There is no difficulty in opening the
lock when access has been gained to the interior of the safe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I claim is :-
1. The manufacture of safes and strong rooms of compound slabs produced sub-
stantially as described.
2. The manufacture of slabs for safes and strong rooms by pouring molten metal
into a mould containing plates previously heated and then hammering or rolling the
ingot so obtained substantially as described.
3. The manufacture of slabs for safes and strong rooms by pouring molten metal
into a mould containing a perforated plate or plates previously heated and then
hammering or rolling the ingot so obtained substantially as described.
4. Connecting the body and the front and back frames of a safe in the manner
described in respect to Figures 3 and 3".
5. Connecting the plates of strong rooms by means of I formed bars in the manner
described in respect to Figures 4, 5 and 6.
6. The methods of forming the corners of strong rooms illustrated by the Figures 7,
S and 9.
7. Connecting the body and the front and back frames of a safe by shrinking the
frames upon the body or the body upon the frames substantially as described in respect
to Figures 12 and 13.
8. The method of securing the back plate by supports extending from it to the front
frame substantially as described in respect to Figures 14 and 15.
9. A safe with its body plate and front and back frames or either of them bent to
form substantially as described in respect to Figure 16.
10. Constructing the safe door in the manner illustrated by Figure 17.
11. The application to safes of angle rings shrunk around them over the frames and
engaging therewith substantially as described in respect to Figure 18.
R

page_text: 12. The application of blocking pieces of non-conducting material between the lock
case and the box containing fire-resisting material substantially as described in respect
to Figures 19, 20, 21 and 22.
13. The application of a non-inflammable non-conducting frame between the front
edge of the shell and the safe body substantially as described in respect to Figures 20,
21, 28 and 24.
14. The method of constructing the inner shell of the safe illustrated by the
Figures 25 and 26.
15. The application of a lining of fire resisting material within the inner shell of the
safe as illustrated by Figure 27.
16. A combined fire resisting safe and cash coffer substantially as described in
respect to Figure 28.
17. The combination with a parchment case of vessels charged with volatile liquid
which in evaporating both excludes steam from the case and maintains a low
temperature within it as described in respect to Figures 29 and 30.
18. A parchment case substantially as described in respect to Figures 29 and 30.
19. Constructing the doors of safes with manholes and securely locked covers
substantially as described.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.