Improvements in or connected with the Wheels of Cycles, Carriages, and all other Weight-carrying Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in or connected with the Wheels of Cycles, Carriages,
and all other Weight-carrying Vehicles.
I WILLIAM PETTINGER WEST WEATHERILL of 33 Beech Street Waterloo Road
Cheetham Manchester in the County of Lancaster Coach Body Maker do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I make or form a rim or ring. The rim or ring may be made in one piece or made
in parts with suitable flange, flanges or guards. The flange flanges or guards or part
or parts of the flange, flanges, or guards may or may not be made detachable.
Or I may form an inner circle or ring with or without groove or grooves in such
inner circle or ring in one place to act as a hubless wheel in lieu of the usual hub or
I may form such inner circle with a ring or rings or flange or flanges or guards
with or without detachable parts such ring or rings or flange or flanges or guards or
parts may be connected by spokes or parts with the outer rim ring or tyre of such.
hubless wheel.
I then make a suitable wheel or wheels or part or parts to act as a wheel or wheels
or roller or rollers to work on an axle or axles in the usual manner such wheel or
wheels or roller or rollers being made a less diameter than the inner circle or ring or
groove of the hubless wheel or its equivalent the first named rim or ring so that as a
suitable wheel or wheels roller or rollers are pushed pulled or drawn or made to turn
they are made to move roll or revolve forward or backward in or on a groove or ring
or part or parts formed in or on or about the inner circle or ring of the hubless wheel
or its equivalent and thus obtain a position forward or backward of the central bearing
of such hubless wheel or its equivalent on the ground thus the weight or part of the
weight of the vehicle and its load presses on the downward or falling part of the
hubless wheel or its equivalent the way it is going whether forward or backward thus
utilising the weight or part of the weight of the vehicle with its load to help the
vehicle on its way either forward or backward and when starting or meeting with
obstruction.
In some cases the suitable wheel or roller or their equivalents may have a groove
or grooves formed in their outer circle to engage with the inner circle or part or
parts of the hubless wheel or its equivalent.
In some cases the suitable wheel or roller or their equivalents may be made to act
as a brake with the hubless wheel or its equivalent.
The outer circle of the hubless wheel or its equivalent may be made suitable to
receive rubber or pneumatic or other suitable tyres or to engage with tram lines
railway lines or other rails or lines or plain to run on the ground or the outer circle or
circles or side or sides of the hubless wheel or its equivalent may be made with teeth.
or other projections and recesses to engage with rails or parts made with teeth or
other projections and recesses laid on the ground or a part or parts acting as the
ground.

page_text: The outer circle or part or parts of the suitable wheel or wheels roller or rollers or
their equivalents may be made a suitable shape to allow rubber or other suitable
material or a pneumatic .or other suitable tyre to be used to run in a groove or
grooves formed in the inner circle or circles of the hubless wheel or its equivalent or
may be made with teeth or other suitable projections and recesses to engage with
teeth or other suitable projections and recesses formed in the groove or grooves
or on or about the inner circle or circles of the hubless wheel or its equivalent..
In some cases I may make the bush or bushes a suitable form to act as bush or
bushes and suitable wheel or wheels or roller or rollers and I may attach a flange or
flanges or guards or parts to the bush or bushes to act in or on or about the inner
circle of the hubless wheel or its equivalent.
In some cases I may form the end part or parts of a revolving axle or axles to act
the part or parts of a suitable wheel or wheels roller or rollers and I may attach a
flange or flanges or guards or parts to act in or on or about the inner circle of the
hubless wheel or its equivalent.
I may make with or attach or apply a wheel or wheels or part or parts to a driving
wheel or wheels and apply another wheel or wheels or ring or rings or part or parts to
act in or upon or against the inner circle or circles of the wheel or wheels that is or
are attached or applied to the driving wheel or wheels.
The arrangement and construction of the different wheels and parts will vary
according to the class of carriage, cycle, or vehicle they are used with.
Two tyres of a kind or tyres of different kinds may be used with the suitable wheel
and the hubless wheel or their equivalents.
I may apply a covering or coverings of suitable material about the inner circle.of
the hubless wheel or its equivalent to keep out wet and dirt.
I may apply a part or parts to act on a suitable part or parts of the hubless wheel
or its equivalent to take the weight of an engine or motor for auto cars or for similar
purposes and to cut off or reduce the vibration of the engine or motor from the other
part or parts of the vehicle.
When an engine or motor is used the suitable wheel or wheels or their equivalents
may or may not be a less diameter than the inner circle or ring or groove of the
hubless wheel or its equivalent or hubless wheels or their equivalents.
Dated 31st day of July 1896.
Improvements in or connected with the Wheels of Cycles, Carriages,
and all other Weight-carrying Vehicles.
I WILLIAM PETTINGER WEST WEATHERILL of 33 Beech Street Waterloo Road
Cheetham Manchester in the County of Lancaster Coach Body Maker do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with the wheels of Cycles
carriages and all other weight carrying vehicles.
Figure 1 shows a wheel similar to a Bicycle wheel only in lieu of a hub a circular
groove D is formed as hereinafter mentioned or referred to to receive a smaller wheel K
as shown. The drawing shows the detachable or adjustable flange removed to get the
small wheel into its place as hereinafter explained. A is a metal ring or hoop which
the spokes of the large wheel pass through. B is the spoke head. C is a wood ring

page_text: or its equivalent which is secured to the metal ring A with bolts or screws or rivets.
D shows space or groove or the difference in the diameter of the small wheel and the
groove the small wheel revolves or rolls in to obtain a position forward of the central
position of the larger or hubless wheels bearing on the ground and thus as the small
wheels or the parts connected with them such as the axle and parts connected there-
with are pushed or pulled or otherwise made to go forward or backward the weight of the
vehicle assists in pushing the large wheels round and also assists the vehicle forward
or backward the way it is going and also gives assistance over obstacles and hill
climbing. When descending hills or stopping it acts as a brake as the load of the
vehicle is transferred to the opposite or backward part of the circular groove or its
equivalent of the larger wheels when the power is reversed. Dots L show bolts for
securing the flange or flanges hereinafter named or referred to. The small wheel K
shows a wheel made similar to a bicycle wheel. E. E. shows rubber or elastic tyre
and the rim.
Figure 2 shows the large and small wheels in Figure 1 cut across the centre and
shows the position of the small wheel in the groove of the larger wheel. E shows
rubber tyre of the larger wheel. E. E. shows rubber tyre and rim of the small wheel
in the groove of the larger wheel. F shows the hub or bush with flanges I for spokes
of the small wheel to engage with.
Figure 3 shows a section of the large wheel groove D enclosing a section of the
sinaller wheel and cushion tyre E and rim H. It will be seen a double cushion tyre
can be used if desired by making the small wheel rim deeper. C. C shows a wood
ring or its equivalent. A is a metal ring secured to the wood ring or its equivalent
before named and prepared to receive the spokes. B is the spoke head. L is a bolt
showing a spring on it to allow a yield and to keep the detachable or adjustable
flange H. H. tight when adjusted. D shows space and difference between the
diameter of the small wheel and the groove of the larger wheel.
Figure 4 shows one half of a wheel that has been cut across the centre inside of the
balf of a grooved ring or rim formed with flanges H. H. F shows the hub or bush
similar to a tram car or railway wheel and one of the flanges H a shape to engage with
tram or railway lines bolts and springs being used as L in Figure 3 for adjusting
purposes. C shows wood ring or its equivalent. E shows a metal tyre or hoop which
can be supplied with a rubber or elastic tyre if required.
Figure 5 shows small wheel with teeth or recesses and projections to engage with
similar teeth or recesses and projections in a grooved ring or rim as shown such grooved
ring or.rim to act as larger wheel. The dots in the ring or rim are bolts to secure and
adjust the detachable or adjustable flanges forming the groove. In lieu of ordinary
plain tyres teeth or recesses and projections may be used to engage with similar teeth
or recesses and projections formed on any lines or rails laid on the level or for hill
climbing.
Figure 6 shows the large or hubless wheel with the bolts or rivets and rollers in
their place ready to receive the flange and ready to engage with the recesses and
projections on the rim of the small wheel K. A shows how the spokes may be
connected with the flange. The spokes being attached to the rim of the larger wheel
with screw nipples similar to a bicycle wheel. Spokes as shown in the drawing or
tangent spokes may be used. The small wheel K may have a single set of spokes and
one rim to work in a groove formed in the central part of the large or hubless wheel
or may have a double set of spokes and two rims as shewn in Figure 7.
Figure 7 shows Figure 6 cut across the centre. The wheel or wheels K K may be
made solid with the hub or bush or may be made in part or parts to form and act as
Sinall wheels. A A are the ring flanges. B B are rivets with rollers on or shouldered
rivets may be used without rollers. L L shows bolts and rollers in lieu of rivets for
the recesses and projections on the rim or rims of wheel K as shown in Figure 6 to
engage with. The rims of the wheels K K can be connected with a broad hoop if
required to stiffen the sides it would then give wheels K K a roller form. The
wheels K K may be placed in the flange rings A A before the spokes are attached to
the flange rings. Fis the hub or bush.-

page_text: Figure 8 shows at AA a flanged groove to receive a plain wheel rim without
the recesses and projections as shown on K in Figure 6 the bottom or bed of the
groove can be bedded with elastic material or not as shewn at D. The rim of
wheel H may be made a suitable shape to engage with the flange ring formed
like B B or the part B B may be formed square with the flange as shown by dotted
line C. The rim or tyre of the section of wheel H may have a flange as shown at H
to form a groove with flange ring B so that elastic material inay be used between
them. In some cases the tension of the spokes will be enough to keep the flanges A A
and B B tight enough to the sides of wheels K K (shown in Figure 7) but I may use
bolts or screwed struts or stretchers as shown in dotted lines at letter F which will
have nuts within the flanges for adjusting purposes and sometimes nuts on their outer
ends for securing purposes.
Figure 9 shows a wheel with a central ring in lieu of hub such central ring as
shown is formed with a metal ring A turned up or outward as shown at A A in
Figure 10.
Figure 10. The ring A A is fitted with a wood ring B B or its equivalent. The
metal ring or hoop C is put on tight on the wood ring B B. The parts A. B. C. are
then screwed bolted or rivetted together having first made suitable holes in the ring
or hoop C for spokes D to pass through into holes made in the wood ring B B. The
drawing shows wood spokes and wood rin and a metal tyre. Of course the central
ring and spokes and rim and tyre can be made of any suitable material so long as a
central ring is formed for a wheel to revolve or roll in on or against.
Figure 1 shows a wheel prepared with a detachable flange to engage with the
sides of the circle shown in Figures 9 and 10 such flange or flanges being secured and
adjusted with bolts and springs L as shown in Figure 3. E shows rubber or elastic
tyre but metal tyre or hoop H can be used without the rubber or elastic tyre E. It
also shows a revolving axle with the end enlarged so that holes can be made to receive
spokes K. Metal or other suitable wheels can be made and secured to the axle so
long as provision is made for detachable or adjustable flange or flanges H to obtain
adjustment and enable the small wheel to be inserted into the central ring as shewn
in Figures 9 and 10. L shows collars on the axle to engage with bearings attached to
'the vehicle springs or stays or frame-work of the vehicle. M shows wheel or a part
made solid with or attached to the axle for chain or strap or part for connection to
suitable parts connected with engine or motor when revolving axle is used for driving
purposes. If it is desired to use a fixed axle and use power for driving, a driving
wheel or part can be fixed or made solid with flange H or attached to the hub of the
wheel.
Figure 12 shows another modification. In this case arrangement is made for
bearings N attached to or made with the inside flange O of the groove. The flange
is also made solid with the ring P to obtain stiffness and strength. S is a spoke.
The bearing N which may be ball bearings or plain or otherwise are intended to
receive platform R. Such platform can be used to carry an engine or motor without
interfering with the springs of the vehicle. The hubs or bushes of ordinary wheels
may be arranged to carry platform I in a similar manner. Figure 12 also shows a
revolving axle fitted tight into the hubs of the wheels and screwed up by nuts F. It
also shows collars to engage with bearings connected with the springs or other suitable
parts of the vehicle. M shows wheel or a part made solid with or attached to the axle
to engage the gearing of an engine or motor similar to axle and parts in Figure 11.
The drawing shows both wheels fast or secured to the axle but one of the wheels can
be made to run loose on the axle same as an ordinary wheel. B is the wood ring or
its equivalent. T is a metal tyre or hoop. E is rubber or elastic tyre.
Whether nonelastic or elastic tyres are used to the small wheel or wheels the
small wheels will be a less diameter (more or less so) than the groove or grooves or
circle or circles they revolve or roll in or on or against to enable the small wheel to
obtain a position and press on a part of the groove or circle formed in the hubless or
large wheel forward of such large wheels tyres central bearing or contact with the
ground which ever way it may be going. Although I have shown examples for

page_text: making and applying the small wheels the small wheels may be made any of the
known ways of making wheels either solid or in combination of parts and any kind of.
axles or hubs or bushes may be used according to what kind of work they may be
intended for.
The drawings are not made to scale.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly The arrangement and insertion of a smaller wheel or wheels or their
equivalents into a circle or circles or groove or grooves made or formed in or on
a larger wheel or wheels or their equivalents such smaller wheels being less (more or
less so) than the circles or grooves of the larger wheels to enable the smaller wheels
to obtain a position and press in on or against a part of the circles or grooves made
or formed in or on the larger wheels or their equivalents forward or backward of such
larger wheels tyres or peripherys contact with the ground thus utilising the vehicle
and its load as an assistant in starting and going and as a brake or check when the
power is reversed substantially as set forth and indicated in the foregoing specification
and accompanying drawings.
Secondly: The arrangement formation and construction of parts detachable
adjustable or otherwise to enable a smaller wheel or wheels or their equivalents to be
inserted into a larger wheel or wheels or their equivalents substantially as set forth
and indicated in the foregoing specification and accompanying drawings.
Detod this Timanter nonanth da
A1005