IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TWIST LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Cresswell Johnson, of the Town of Nottingham,
Lace Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
TWIST LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Cresswell Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1862.
I, JOHN CRESSWELL JOHNSON, of the Town of Nottingham, Lace Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF TWIST LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This. Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of twist
lace in twist lace machines, and is applicable when using two warp threads to
each carriage thread, and where one of the warp threads constantly twists with
its carriage thread and produces a twisted pillar or cord, and is called the
cording warp thread, whilst the other warp thread aids in producing the pillars
and also the crossings and weavings, and is called the fancy warp thread.
Heretofore the cording warp thread and the fancy warp thread when
working with their carriage thread to produce a pillar have both shogged or
moved at the same time and in the same direction, and have both twisted with
their carriage thread, both have also been shogged or moved each time their.
carriage thread has been caused to swing from the front to the back or from
the back to the front of the machine. When the pattern of lace has required

page_text: the fancy warp thread to produce a crossing, it has been shogged at the same
time and in the same direction as the cording warp thread, but it has been
moved to a greater extent than the cording warp thread, and so as to link or
twist with the next or a more distant carriage thread to the right hand or to
the left hand of its own carriage thread.
Now, the peculiarity of my Invention consists in so working the fancy warp
threads that they may shog or move when the carriages are either in the back
or the front combs, and be at rest when the carriages are in the front combs
or the back combs, that is, be at rest one of the two motions of the carriages,
and be shogged or moved at one of the two motions of the carriages, whilst
the cording warp threads as heretofore are shogged or moved after each swing
or motion of the carriages, whether from front to back or from back to front
of the machine, and the cording warp threads as formerly continue to twist
with their carriage threads.
The fancy warp threads are, as heretofore, arranged to be shogged or moved
any desired distance to the left and right of their carriage threads, but the
fancy warp threads are worked in such manner that the alternate fancy
warp threads are moved in opposite directions to each other when they
are shogged or moved, and consequently the alternate fancy warp threads cross
each other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Cresswell Johnson, in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CRESSWELL JOHNSON, of the Town of Nottingham, Lace Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her-Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Cresswell Johnson, Her special licence that I, the said John Cresswell Johnson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Cresswell Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF TWIST LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Cresswell Johnson, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Cresswell Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
;
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of twist
lace in twist lace machines, and is applicable when using two warp threads to
each carriage thread, and where one of the warp threads constantly twists with
its carriage thread and produces a twisted pillar or cord, and is called the
cording warp theread, whilst the other warp thread aids in producing the
pillar and also the crossings and weavings, and is called the fancy warp
thread.
Heretofore the cording warp thread and the fancy warp thread when working
with their carriage thread to produce a pillar, have both shogged or moved at
the same time and in the same direction, and have both twisted with their
carriage thread; both have also been shogged or moved each time their car-
riage thread has been caused to swing from the front to the back, or from the
back to the front of the machine. When the pattern of lace has required the
fancy warp thread to produce a crossing, it has been shogged at the same time
and in the same direction as the cording warp thread, but it has been moved
to a greater extent than the carding warp thread, and so as to link or twist
with the next or a more distant carriage thread to the right hand or to the left.
hand of its own carriage thread.
Now, the peculiarity of my Invention consists in so working the fancy warp
threads that they may shog or move when the carriages are either in the back
or the front combs, and be at rest when the carriages are in the front combs
or the back combs, that is, be at rest one of the two motions of the carriages,.
and be shogged or moved at one of the two motions of the carriages, whilst
the cording warp threads as heretofore are shogged or moved after each swing
or motion of the carriages whether from front to back or from back to front of
the machine, and the carding warp threads as formerly continue to twist with.

page_text: :
their carriage threads: The fancy warp threads are as heretofore arranged to
be shogged or moved any desired distance to the left and right of their carriage
threads, but the fancy warp threads are worked in such manner that the alter-
nate fancy warp threads are moved in opposite directions to each other when
they are shogged or moved, and consequently the alternate fancy warp threads
cross each other.
Having thus stated the nature of my: Invention, I will proceed.more fully. to
describe the manner of performing the same..
'
:
In arranging twist lace machines to produce lace fabrics according to my
Invention, the warp bars which carry the cording warp threads are caused to
be shogged by their lace wheels or other pattern surfaces as heretofore, at each
motion or swing of the carriages from front to back and from back to front of
the machine, so as continually to twist with their respective carriage threads..
.I would, however, remark, that it is not essential that such should be the case,
as the cording warp threads may, if desired, be at rest at one motion or swing
of the carriages; but I prefer that the cording warp threads should move at
every swing of the carriages, and be so caused to twist continually with their
respective carriage threads, as I consider the fabrics thus produced are better
than when the.cording warp. threads are allowed to rest during one swing of
the carriages.
I would state that I make no claim to the actuating of the cording warp
threads either in the one way or in the other. It should also be stated, that if
the cording warp threads are caused to rest and move alternately on the
swinging of the carriages, such resting of the cording warp threads should not
be at the times that the fancy warp threads rest.
The fancy warp threads in a lace machine arranged according to my Inven-
tion, are ordinarily carried by two warp bars, though more may, if preferred,
be used. The warp bars carrying the fancy warp threads are to be actuated
by cuts of wheels or by other pattern surfaces, which are to be formed or
arranged to move or shog the fancy warp threads any desired distance to the
right and to the left hand of their respective carriage threads. The two warp
bars which carry the fancy warp threads are, when producing the crossings at
the tops and the bottoms of the meshes, to be caused to move by their cuts of
wheels (or other pattern surfaces or apparatus used) in opposite directions, or
so that the alternate fancy warp threads shall be moved in opposite directions,
the one to the left hand and the other to the right hand. The cuts of wheels
or other pattern surfaces or apparatus are to be arranged to cause the fancy.
warp threads to rest during one swing of the carriages which may be either in
their swing from the back to the front combs, or during their swing from the

page_text: front to the back combs. I have usually arranged that the resting of the fancy
warp threads shall take place when the carriages go into the back combs, but
a workman will readily arrange or form the cuts of wheels or the pattern
surfaces or apparatus so as to carry out my Invention in the one way or the
other.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to any of
the parts of a twist-lace machine used in carrying out my Invention; but
what I claim is, the combining or arranging the parts of a twist-lace machine,
in such manner that the fancy warp threads used in conjunction with cording
warp threads are caused to move in opposite directions when making crossings,
and to rest during the swing of the carriages either from the back combs to
the front combs or from the front combs to the back.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Cresswell Johnson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN CRESSWELL JOHNSON. (L.S.)