IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN ÅDDADATHS THREEAR” CALCINING KIT NG
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Trevelyan Raynes, of Pen y Bryn Llysfaen, in the
County of Carnarvon, and Brierley Denham Healey, of Brighouse, in the
County of York, Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND IN ÅDDADATHS THREEAR”
CALCINING KIT NG
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said James Trevelyan Raynes and
Brierley Denham Healey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
23rd May 1882.
James TrevelyaN RAYNES, of Pen y Bryn, Llysfaen, in the County of Carnarvon,
and BRIERLEY DENHAM HEALEY, of Brighouse in the County of York, Civil
Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN CALCINING KILNS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.
This Invention has reference to improved forms of kilns in which gaseous fuel
is used for calcining lime, plaster, cement, ores, and other analogous materials, and
to improvements in constructing the generators in which the gaseous fuel is
produced where carbonic oxide is the gas supplied.
According to our present Invention the operation of calcining is carried on
permanently, the gaseous fuel passing continually into the materials under
treatment, and meeting the air which rises through the calcined materials below,
enters into combustion and the flame rises through the descending materials above,
drying, heating, and calcining them.
The material under treatment is divided into streams as it descends towards the
combustion chambers, by A topped deflectors upon arches, which cause the gaseous
fuel in combustion to ascend in nearly vertical currents through the material,
whilst the latter descends in oblique streams upon inclined surfaces over each
range of gas inlets, of which there may be two or four ranges.
In applying carbonic oxide gas it may be generated in producers of any well
known form, such as those used for Siemens regenerative furnaces; or of the form
shewn and described in a patent granted to the said Brierley Denham Healey
A. D. 1872, No. 85; or of the improved form shewn on the accompanying
Drawings.

page_text: Air to support combustion is admitted partly by two or more ranges of inlets
about the level of the drawing out doors and partly through the drawing out
doors and it is heated as it rises through the calcined material, whilst at the same
time the heat of the gaseous fuel is maintained as high as possible by erecting the
generators close to the kiln or by preventing undue radiation when they are built
at a distance from the kiln.
Suitable valves are provided for regulating the supply of gas and air to the kiln,
but no dampers are required for changing the currents in the kiln, and as there are
always at least two currents of gaseous fuel in combustion passing upwards and
through the material under treatment regularly and continuously, far more work
can be done than with only one current from alternate sides of the kiln inter-
mittantly as shewn and described in the patent granted to Edward Crosland
A.D. 1881. No. 1865; or with heat from separate combustion chambers as described
in the patent granted to James William Raynes, George Trevelyan Raynes, and
Peter Evans, A.D. 1880. No. 2278. The kiln which was erected according to the
last named patent, did not work satisfactorily, and we have altered it as nearly as
practicable to the form indicated by Figures 4, 5, and 6, of the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
And in order that this Invention may be understood we will now describe it
with reference to the two sheets of Drawings accompanying this Specification, and
the best means we are acquainted with of carrying the same into effect, like
reference figures being used to denote similar or the same parts where repeated in
the various diagrams.
Figure 1 is a section on line 1. 2. Figure 2 is a section on line 3. 4. Figure 3 is
a section on line 5. 6. Figure 4 is a section on line 7. 8. Figure 5 is a section on
line 9. 10. Figure 6 is a section on line 11. 12. and Figure 7 is similar to figure 5
excepting that ordinary drawing out holes 14 are shewn with the air flues 12
opening to face of kiln. Figure 8 is a section of the gas generators and figure 9
is a section of same on line 13. 14.
.
The deflectors 1, which we term central deflectors, may rise from a wall built
above the drawing out inclines as shewn on figures 2 and 3, or may be supported
on archies 2, as shewn on figures 5, and 6, and as dotted upon figures 2 and 3:
The upper deflectors 1× shewn on figures 2 and 3, are always supported upon
arches 2*. The material rolls upon the inclines 3 after being divided into streams
by the upper part of deflectors. Gas from the generators is admitted by one.or
two upeast flues 4, into the side flues 5, and central flues 6. The end flues 7, with
regulating valves 8, working through the dams 9, allow of the supply to flues 6
being cut off or regulated as may be required. Gas enters the combustion chambers
by the ports 10, and on meeting with heated air from below, it ignites and the
flame passes upwards. The central deflector is built with flues 11, or it is honey-
combed to lighten the same, as shewn on figure 6, and in small kilns where only
the central deflector is used with the two outer ranges of gas flues 5 and their gas
ports, the flues 6 are also built to lighten the deflector, and not as gas flues.
enters by the flues 12, and inlets 13, as well as through the upper part of drawing
out doors 14. Flat bars are put in the upper part of drawing out doors, one end
of which rests on the ledges or angles 15, and these bars prevent the lime running
out when not required.
Air
The modification indicated by dotted lines 16, on figure 6, which shews the
sides of the kiln contracted or hatched over somewhat similar to the sides at level
of upper deflectors on Figure 3, is adapted to the use of two shafts 22, at the top
of the kiln, with inlets 23, and arched top 25, in which case the charging openings
are provided with doors, the latter not being required when the top 24 is open.
The tunnel 17 is only formed where the calcined material is sent away chiefly by
rail, and to use the ordinary form of drawing out holes or doors it is only necessary
to assume the ground level being at or about the level indicated by the lower arch
of tunnel 17. The old form of drawing out holes or doors may be used either in
pairs side by side as indicated by 14 on figure 7, or opposite each other as

page_text: indicated on the sections figures 3 and 5. Sight holes 21 are formed in the walls
and casing for the purpose of observing the progress of the work.
The improvements shewn on figures 8, and 9, are indicated by the numbers 18,
19, and 20, and comprise supporting arches 18, incline arches 19, and charging
boxes 20. The two former take the place of heavy castings usually used for the
fuel inclines, and they are more durable besides being less costly, whilst the latter
are plain boxes with movable covers and are equally as servicable as the boxes
usually used with flap valves in them. The angle formed by the face of arches 18
and 19, is equal to the angle formed by the face of arch 18 and a perpendicular line
drawn from the ground line.
The
According to the combinations shewn on the Drawings which are for large
sized kilns, four sets of gas flues and gas ports are provided, but for small sized
kilns it is obvious that the two outer sets will be sufficient with one central
deflector; and the central deflector may be supported by an arch as shewn or it
may be altogether of arched form up to the level of its greatest width.
apex of each deflector is coped with vitrified fireclay blocks which are maintained
in position by iron tie bars which pass through them and into the walls of kiln.
The kiln is started and worked in the old fashioned way until the walls are
well dried, after which the gaseous fuel is admitted and the calcining is then
carried on by the action of this fuel in combustion with heated air.
. Having now described and ascertained the nature of our Invention and explained
the ways in which we carry it into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do
not claim any of the well known parts which are shewn or named to more fully
illustrate our Invention, nor do we confine ourselves to the precise outlines of
construction shewn on the Drawings hereunto annexed, but what we claim as our
Invention is:-
First. Constructing continuous regenerative calcining kilns with deflectors and
inclines dividing the materials under treatment into two or four streams according
to the modifications herein shewn and described.
Second. Constructing continuous regenerative calcining kilns with the two shafts
and arched top having closed doors, substantially as shewn by dotted lines on
figures 5 and 6 and as herein described.
Third. Constructing gas generators with the arches for fuel inclines, and with
plain charging boxes for fuel, substantially as herein shewn and described.
In witness whereof I, the said Brierley Denham Healey, on behalf of myself
and the said James Trevelyan Raynes, have hereunto set my hand and
seal this twentieth day of May in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eightytwo.
B. D. HEALEY. (L.S.)