Improvements in Blocks or Briquettes of Fuel or Materials for Sinelting or Analogous Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 24th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Dec., 188
Improvements in Blocks or Briquettes of Fuel or Materials for
Sinelting or Analogous Purposes.
We, JOHN ARTHUR YEADON, of 4 Albion Place, Leeds, in the County of York,
and ROBERT MIDDLETON, of Sheepscar Foundry, Meanwood Road, Leeds, in the
County of York, both Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to forming or moulding blocks or briquettes in a special
way.
We have for some time been making, with our patented machinery, blocks with
rounded edges which prove themselves very superior by not easily wasting or
breaking during handling or transit. Such superior strength however makes them
more difficult to break into lesser pieces when required for the smaller fires in general
use in dwelling houses.
The want of draught also in some house fires causes an entire block or briquette
to burn sluggishly, hence our desire to produce a block that shall be more casily
broken or a block that shall burn more freely; or a block that shall have both these
advantages, and still posess a good form of strength such as shall prevent its
crumbling and wasting in handling and transit.
The object of our invention is to produce a block with these latter advantages and
we carry our invention out in the following manner :-
We still adhere to our mode of rounding off all the edges and corners of our blocks
whatever shape these blocks may take-thus retaining all the advantages that these
blocks may posess in packing closely, and in not crumbling away at the corners-
and, in addition, we mould, or introduce, partly, but not entirely, for the purpose of
admitting flame into the interior of the block, a series of holes running through from
face to face in any way thought desirable.
We do not bind ourselves as to the shape of these holes-nor as to their number-
nor as to the directions in which they run-neither do we assert that the introduction
of these holes taken by themselves is, generally speaking, new:
The holes may be square, and if so, either the angles or the flats may be brought

page_text: into line; or they may be round, or any other shape. The holes may also be parallel
or taper, or may take any longitudinal form thought desirable.
For the purpose of more easily breaking a block in any given direction a series
of holes, as in the edges of postage stamps, may be introduced nearer to one another
than might be necessary if combustion were the only use to be made of these holes.
From this it will be gathered that we propose to take any shape of block suitable
for our process of rounding or bevelling off all corners whilst under pressure from
both sides, and, whilst moulding such a block we intend to introduce holes as
explained above.
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Improvements in Blocks or Briquettes of Fuel or Materials for
Smelting or Analogous Purposes.
We, JOHN ARTHUR YEADON, of 4 Albion Place, Leeds, in the County of York,
and ROBERT MIDDLETON, of Sheepscar Foundry, Meanwood Road, Leeds, in the
County of York, both Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to forming or moulding blocks or briquettes in a special
way.
We have for some time been making, with our patented machinery, blocks with
rounded edges which prove themselves very superior by not easily wasting or
breaking during handling or transit. Such superior strength however makes them
more difficult to break into lesser pieces when required for the smaller fires in general
use in dwelling houses.
The want of draught also in some house fires causes an entire block or briquette
to burn sluggishly, hence our desire to produce a block that shall be more easily
broken or a block that shall burn more freely; or a block that shall have both
these advantages and still possess a good form of strength such as shall prevent its
crumbling and wasting in handling and transit.
:
The object of our invention is to produce a block with these latter advantages and
we carry our invention out in the following manner:
We still adhere to our mode of rounding off all the edges and corners of our
blocks whatever shape these blocks may take, thus retaining all the advantages that
these blocks may possess in packing closely and in not crumbling away at the
corners and in addition we mould, or introduce, partly, but not entirely, for the

page_text: purpose of admitting flame into the interior of a block, a series of holes running
through from face to face in any way thought desirable.
We do not bind ourselves as to the shape of these holes-nor as to their number-
nor as to the directions in which they run-neither do we assert that the introduction
of these holes taken by themselves is, generally speaking, new.
The holes may be square, and if so, either the angles or the flats may be brought
into line; or they may be round, or any other shape. The holes may also be parallel,
or taper, or may take any longitudinal form thought desirable, or such as may be left
by the punches or pins.
For the purpose of more easily breaking a large block, in any given direction, a
series of holes, as in the edges of postage stamps many be introduced nearer to
one another than might be necessary if combustion were the only use to be made of
these holes.
On the annexed drawing Fig. 1. shows, in elevation, our ordinary rectangular
briquette, which has all its corners and edges rounded off-also perforated with
any desired number of suitable holes ; here, for example, shown round, and five in
number.
Fig. 2. shows a modified form of our round-cornered block, having equilateral
triangular-faces, and perforations of different shapes. The dotted lines help to show
how they may be stacked where space is valuable.
Fig. 3. shows another round-cornered briquette with hexagonal faces and various
different perforations, as well as the mode of stacking.
Fig. 4 shows a cheese-shaped round-cornered block and a mode of perforation.
Fig. 5 shows a perforation running through the length of a round-cornered
briquette. This direction of perforation is well suited for a cylindrical block.
Fig. 6 shows square or diamond-shaped perforations, arranged diametrically, so as
to facilitate fracture in certain directions.
Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 are sections through round-cornered briquettes showing
different perforations; parallel, taper, or other shapes, varying according to the
punches or pins producing them.
Fig. 11 shows a large briquette with holes arranged specially near together for
cleavage purposes.
Fig. 12 shows a cross-shaped perforation adapted for breaking a block into
quarters.
At the foot of each figure 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 is its corresponding view in plan.
The sections, figs. 9 and 10, are shown surrounded by their cupping plates D. D.
and studs, which may be affixed to any suitable pressing rams. If required, in order
to prevent any tendency on the part of the briquette to be drawn from its mould by
the withdrawal of the pins or punches, certain indentations (with small outlet holes
leading therefrom) may be made in the moulds, so as to produce projections as shown
at X, which are afterwards shorn off when the discharging-ram finally expels them.
This refers specially to such a machine as ours pressing from both sides as described
in our patent No. 13,064 A.D. 1885.
The objection to all pins and punches that are not self cleaning in their working is
that sooner or later they clog up and turn out bad work. The following is therefore
perhaps the best arrangement by which we seek to accomplish our object.
In a round-cornered mould, fig. 15, are arranged certain pins or studs B, B, B,-
standing out square from the base of the mould which in position, size, and number
represent parallel perforations required in the block. Over these pins and into the
mould is fitted a sliding plate C, fig. 13, with the requisite round-cornered or cupped
edges for properly shaping the base of the block. The pressing-die D, fig. 14, has
also our round-cornered or cupped face for properly forming the head of the briquette.
The die D. is also pierced with holes corresponding to the pins in the mould, which
pins are pointed in order that they may properly enter without fouling the die-
When the time arrives for discharging the mould the sliding cupped-plate C is
pushed forward; it then expels the block and also scrapes the pins and the mould
clean. The plate (which is shown half way out in fig. 13-imay then be drawn

page_text: back or pushed back by the incoming material-Should dirt work behind the plate C,
or into the pin-holes in the die D, it may be removed through the holes E.
To whatever hardness we compress our round-cornered blocks they may be easily
broken by using the poker or a bar as a lever or wedge inside the perforations.
From this it will be gathered that we propose to take-without binding ourselves
to any particular mode of working the pressing dies-blocks or briquettes of any
shape (say rectangular, or at least with two flat sides) suitable, by preference for
piling one on the other, and suitable also for our plan of rounding off all the other-
wise sharp corners and edges whilst under pressure-either from one or both sides―
and, at the same time, by means of suitable punches or projections, to make one or
more perforations in these so called round-cornered blocks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is―
1. The system or manner of moulding blocks or briquettes, more or less angular
or cylindrical in form, for fuel, or materials for smelting or analogous purposes, with
all their external edges and corners rounded off whilst under pressure, so as to avoid
waste from breakages and crumblings from without, each such block having, also,
whilst still under pressure, one or more suitable perforations formed in it, whereby it
may be more easily consumed, and also more readily broken from within the
forations, which system or mode of manufacture is described and shown herein and on
the drawing.
per-
2. In a mould, having its corners suitably angled or rounded off, for treating blocks
or briquettes, ,- more or less angular or cylindrical in form-for fuel, or materials for
smelting or analogous purposes, the use of dies with their corners suitably angled, or
rounded off, in combination with punches pins or studs for forming perforations of
any desired shape in such, so called, round-cornered blocks, the whole whilst under
pressure substantially as described herein and shown on the drawing, with the object
and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a mould, having its corners suitably angled or rounded off, for treating
blocks or briquettes-more or less angular or cylindrical in form-for fuel, or
materials for smelting or analogous purposes, the use of a sliding die or plate having
its corners suitably angled, or rounded off, in combination with punches pins or studs
which are scraped and cleaned by this plate, substantially as described herein and
shown on the drawing, with the object and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this Twenty first day of October 1887.