Connections to be Used therewith.
Year: 1885

page_text: Connections to be Used therewith.
I, FREDERICK GOWING of the Firm of Gowing and Ingram of Balsall Heath
Road, Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Builder and Contractor, do hereby
declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SANITARY AND OTHER
LIKE TRAPS, AND IN PIPE CONNECTIONS TO BE USED THEREWITH," to be as
follows:-
My invention consists in constructing and combining the parts of sanitary traps,
such for example as traps for the pans of water closets, lavatories, sewer drains,
urinals, baths, gulleys, and the like; and the object of my said invention is to
effectually intercept or trap off noxious gases from sewers or drains in a simpler
and more efficient manner than has heretofore been accomplished.
Appliances of the ordinary construction for the trapping off of noxious gases in
drains and sewers, are so constructed that the whole direct pressure of the said
sewer gases is exerted upon the water seal, and should the gaseous pressure be
greater than the column of water which constitutes the seal, then an escape of gas
is inevitable.
One of the principal objects of my invention is to so construct the trap and
parts connected therewith, that little or no pressure is exerted upon the water seal;
and further, the connections are so constructed and arranged (in the case of a
closet) that the pan and trap can be readily removed.
I will describe my invention in connection with a water closet.
The trap consists of an oval shaped box or chamber with closed sides, and open
at top; and leading from one side of the open top of the box, a down pipe strikes
upwards, which is provided at its upper end with a funnel like mouth, into which
the lower or narrowed part of the closet pan or basin rests and seats itself; so that
the trap consists essentially of a closed box, wherein a down pipe empties itself,
the outlet of the trap being through a hole in the top of the box. A depending
web or partition hangs to a suitable distance within the box and comes a little
below the level of the water seal, so as to intercept any gaseous matter in the
drain; and surrounding the trap and the down-pipe with the funnel top is an
outlet pipe leading to the soil pipe. This outlet pipe is open mouthed and follows
the direction of the down pipe of the trap, and then inclines downwards with a
071

page_text: bend at its lower end, which empties itself into the soil pipe-The vertical part of
the outlet pipe is of about the same internal diameter as the length of the trap
with a swell or enlargement in front of the outlet of the box. The open end
of the said outlet pipe is provided with a seat or socket wherein a putty joint is
formed between itself and the conical end of the down pipe from the pan, so that
when the trap is required to be removed, it is simply lifted vertically out of the
truncated or enlarged part of the outlet pipe, without the removal or detachment
of any of the parts, as the trap is mainly built up of two parts; the outlet pipe
and the combined trap and down pipe. The latter two being made in one piece.
The pan or basin may be formed with the trap, or be fitted separately thereto,
which may be made of enamelled cast iron or earthenware.
In using the closet fitted with the trap constructed according to my invention,
the soil deposited in the pan is washed or falls into the box, and from thence is
flushed through the opening in its top, into the outlet pipe and flows rapidly into
the soil pipe to the sewer.
The back pressure of the gas, if there be any, is exerted upon the inside of the
outlet pipe and down-pipe of the trap, as there is considerable space left between
the latter and the former; and by virtue of the smallness of the outlet from the
trap, little pressure is exerted upon the water which constitutes the seal, and so
renders the trap efficient in its action.
The application of my invention to gulley and other traps, differs in no essential
respect from its application to a water closet trap, other than the shape of the
parts, and the substitution of a grating or covering in the place of a pan
or basin.
In the case of a gulley trap, the trap proper and outlet pipe and down pipe are
preferably cast in one piece.

page_text: Connections to be Used therewith.
I FREDERICK GOWING of the Firm of Gowing & Ingram of Balsall Heath Road
Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Builder and Contractor, do hereby declare
the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SANITARY AND OTHER LIKE
TRAPS, AND IN PIPE CONNECTIONS TO BE USED THEREWITH and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention consists in constructing and combining the parts of sanitary traps,
such for example as traps for the pans of water closets, lavatories, sewer drains,
urinals, baths, gulleys, and the like; and the object of my said invention is to
effectually intercept or trap off noxious gases from sewers or drains in a simpler
and more efficient manner than has heretofore been accomplished.
Appliances of the ordinary construction for the trapping off or keeping back of
noxious gases in drains and sewers, are so constructed that the whole direct
pressure of the said sewer gases is or are exerted upon the water seal, and should
the gaseous pressure be greater than the column of water which constitutes the
seal, then an escape of gas is inevitable.
One of the principal objects of my invention is to so construct the trap and
parts connected therewith, that little or no pressure is exerted upon the water
seal; and further, the connections of the said parts are so constructed and arranged,
that the combined pan and trap admits of being readily removed; and further, the
joints and connections are outside the building.
I will describe my invention in connection with a water closet.
The trap consists of a water box or chamber open at top, and connected at one
Bide to a downpipe, leading from the pan or basin; so that the trap consists
essentially of a suspended open topped water box, connected at the lower terminal
end of a downpipe, whose upper end terminates in the bottom of a closet pan, and
it is into the said box that the downpipe leading from the pan empties itself; and
through the open top of the box, the water and soil passes into an outlet pipe
herein after described-The seal of the trap is produced by depending portions or
lower extremities of the downpipe, extending or dipping below the water level in
the trap or box; thus by this means gaseous matter is intercepted from the drain
or delivery pipe.
Surrounding the trap and downpipe and coming on the underside of the basin
bottom is an outlet pipe which leads to the soil pipe-This outlet pipe is open
mouthed and truncated at its attachment end, and provided at its said end, with
a flange or standing out rim, which fits into a corresponding undercut or socket
ring or connection formed on the underside of the basin-The said outlet pipe
besides enclosing and leaving a large gas pressure area, inclines downwards with a
bend at its lower end which empties itself into the soil pipe Thus the outlet pipe
consists essentially of a bent pipe with a swell or enlargement in front of the outlet
of the box or trap, while the other extremity is formed into a T end, which is

page_text: connected respectively by socket joints, to the soil pipe, and ventilating shaft
outside The joints of the connections may be made in white lead or other suitable
substance.
When the combined pan, trap and downpipe is required to be removed, simply
tilt on one side the pan so as to remove the flange connections from the socket
connections, when the said combined parts are then lifted bodily from out of the
truncated or enlarged part of the outlet pipe.
The pan or basin may be formed with the trap, or be fitted separately thereto,
which may be made of enamelled cast iron or earthenware.
In using the closet fitted with the trap constructed according to my invention,
the soil deposited in the pan is washed or falls into the box, and from thence is
flushed through the opening in its top into the outlet pipe and flows rapidly into
the soil pipe to the sewer.
The back pressure of the gas, if there be any, is exerted upon the inside of the
outlet pipe and down pipe of the trap, as there is considerable space left between
the latter and the former; and by virtue of the smallness of the outlet from the
top, little or no pressure is exerted upon the water which constitutes the seal, and
so renders the trap efficient in its action.
The application of my invention to gulley and other traps, differs in no essential
respect from its applicatien to a water closet trap, other than the shape of the
parts, and the substitution of a grating or covering in the place of a pan or basin.
In the case of a gulley trap, the trap proper and outlet pipe and down pipe are
preferably cast in one piece.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
the manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section a water closet provided with a combined
pan and trap and sanitary pipe connections constructed according to my invention-
Figure 2 is an elevation of the said combined pan and trap separately-Figure 3 is
a horizontal section upon the dotted lines A B figure 2.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the Drawings.
a is the pan or basin of a closet, and b is a suspender box or trap, wherein water
is contained to form the seal in preventing the escape of gaseous products to the
closet, and which said hanging box or trap is at the bottom of a depending pipe a³
proceeding from the pan; the offside a³ of the said depending pipe is made to dip
or extend below the water line of the trap, so as to intercept any gaseous matter
in the outlet pipe leading to the sewer. Thus the trap consists essentially of a
hanging box wherein a vertical pipe from the pan or basin of the closet empties
itself; and proceeding downwards and surrounding the trap and downpipe before
named, is a truncated outlet pipe c c-The outlet end of the said pipe c is made
into a T socket, which passes or communicates respectively with the soil pipe d
and the ventilating shaft or pipe e-The other or trap end of the soil pipe is
swelled or widened out as represented at c³, the open mouth of which is made into
a flange or standing out rim c, so as to fit into an undercut or socket part a*
formed on the underside of the basin, and which said rim and socket part are so
formed, that by tilting or inclining the combined trap and basin upon one side,
the parts may be readily connected or disconnected from each other is the flush
pipe leading from the cistern and emptying itself into the pan, and g is a ventilating
pipe to admit of the escape of any gaseous matters passing up the said pipe-h is
the closet seat, i is the floor, and jj are the bearers for supporting the seat.
On the closet being used, the soil and water from the pan first passes down the
pipe a into the hanging box 6 then around or under the bottom of the dipping end
of the side a³ and then through the open top 6 of the box b, and from thence
flowing over the sides of the said box, and passing into the outlet pipe away to the
soil pipe d-The exact construction of the dipping portion of the depending
pipe a, and also the outlet 63 of the box or trap, is best seen in the transverse
section figure 3. –
"
༥
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page_text: By constructing and combining the parts of sanitary traps and pipe connections
as described, all noxious gases from sewers or drains are effectually intercepted, as
the direct pressure of the gaseous products confined within the outlet and soil pipe
is relieved, that is, the pressure does not act directly upon the water seal but is
expended upon the sides and other parts of the enlarged area enclosed by the swell
or enlarged mouth end of the outlet pipe c; and further, such sanitary
appliances are made simpler in their construction and more easily fitted and fewer
in parts than those of the ordinary kind.
Figure 4 represents a vertical section of a gulley trap provided with my
improvements, or constructed according to my invention. Figure 5 is a section of
the pan (on the dotted lines CD figure 4) of the said gulley trap, and figure 6 is a
horizontal section on the dotted lines E F, while figure 7 is a cross section of the
connection of the outlet pipe with the drain pipe on the dotted lines G H.
a is the pan, a' is the downpipe carrying at its bottom the trap b with the lower
extremity of the said downpipe dipping into it. c is the truncated outlet or drain
pipe, and d is a continuation thereof of glazed piping. c is the flange or seat upon
which the underside of the box a of the trap rests. h is a gridiron grating
covering the said pan, and i is the paving or floor surrounding the trap.
Although I have described and represented that the pan and pan exit pipe and
trap are all made in one piece, yet the trap may if necessary be made separate, and
connected to the extremity of the depending pipe leading from the pan, by a socket
or other like connection. Or the trap and part of the depending pipe may be
combined together, and fitted or connected to a depending neck outlet, leading from
the pan.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is-
First Making or forming in one piece a combined sanitary trap, downpipe and
basin or pan; that is to say, a sanitary appliance, consisting of an open box like
trap, suspended or carried at the lower end of a depending downpipe (with a dip
end for effecting the seal) leading from the pan of a closet, gulley or sanitary trap,
substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. Making the basin or pan connection end, of sanitary outlet pipes,
truncated or enlarged, for the taking away of the direct pressure of sewer gases
from the water seal, substantially as described and illustrated.
Thirdly. Trapping off sewer gases in sanitary arrangements, by means of an
open topped water box or trap b suspended from the lower end of a depending pipe
or outlet passage a³, leading from the bottom of a pan or basin; and which said
trap and depending downpipe is disposed or enclosed within an enlarged or
truncated end c, of an outlet pipe c, leading to the soil or sewer drain-The
connection of the said outlet pipe with the pan being effected by a flange and
socket arrangement ca, or by a flange c alone, as in the gulley trap figure 4,
substantially as described and illustrated.