Improvements in and connected with Burners for Incandescence Gas Lighting.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 22nd May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Burners for Incandescence
Gas Lighting.
I, JOSEPH BLASCO DE LÉRY of 58 Pine Street, New York in the County and
State of New York, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to gas lighting by incandescence and consists of certain
improvements in burners and the manner of grouping the same whereby (a) much
of the loss heretofore experienced in the destruction of the incandescing mantles, is
avoided, (b) the renewal of mantles may be accomplished with facility, (c) any
member of a group of burners to which the gas supply is controlled by a single
valve, may be operated while the remainder are out of operation, (d) equal gas
pressure to each burner of a group is ensured, and (e) it is possible to group a
certain number of burners into the smallest and most compact space.
The construction whereby these objects are accomplished, will now be described
with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved burner and its mounting:
Fig. 2 is a plan of the parts below line a, a, of Fig. 1:
Fig. 3 is a vertical section on an enlarged scale of one of the burners without
the mantle:
Fig. 4 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of the mantle and holder, and
Fig. 5 is a view of one of the stoppers.
The general construction of the burner comprises a gas reservoir or box substan-
tially in the shape of a drum into the upper side of which are tapped a series of
burner tubes individually provided with air inlets and each carrying an incandescing
mantle. Aside from this general construction, the invention also comprises certain
details of construction relating to the burners.
Referring to the drawings by letter, a represents a cylindrical reservoir or drum
directly connected with a gas pipe a¹ and into which gas is admitted or cut off at
pleasure by a valve a². The upper side of the gas drum is a disc, around the edge
of which is arranged a series of burner tubes b. These communicate with the interior
of the drum by means of nipples c which also serve as supports for the tubes. For
this purpose the nipples consist of a thick disc c¹ having axial projections c² from each
side: : one of these projections screws into a tapped hole in the top of the gas drum,
bringing the disc squarely against the wall of the drum. The upper projection
is threaded externally for a purpose which will hereinafter appear. A gas passage c³
extends through the nipple, and this is made very small so as to increase the force
of the gas flowing through it. The diameter of the disc c¹ is such that the lower
end of tube 6 will fit tightly over it, it being merely forced into place: this lower end
of the tube is provided with lateral openings 6' for the ingress of air. At the upper
end of the tube an enlarged chamber 62 is formed in which is located a deflecting
device 63 in the form of a propeller, which however does not rotate on the spindle 6*
to which it is attached. Above this propeller and across the top of the tube is a
screen of wire net work 65. The deflector 63 serves to thoroughly mix together the
gas flowing through the nipple and the air coming through the lateral openings before
they pass out of the burner. Around the top of the burner is placed a thimble 6

page_text: having an inwardly turned upper edge. the function of which is to hold the wire
screen in place. This fits into the burner tube friction tight. e is the inean lescing
mantle or hood, the means for mounting which upon the burner is a feature of my
invention. This consists of a collar fadapted to pass loosely over the top of the
burner outside of the thimble and having an inwardly turned flange or edge fl
adapted to rest upon the edge of the opening in the burner to support the collar. On
one side, the collar is provided with a handle f2, and on the other side with a
perforated lug and binding screw f. Through the lug a wire f³ passes and is
held in place by the screw. This wire supports the mantle from its upper end, the
mantle at its lower end surrounding the opening in the top of the burner tube. The
collar fis merely suspended by its upper edge upon the top of the burner tube so that
to remove it, is only necessary to lift it off.
I am aware of the existence of a gas burner wherein a gas drum or reservoir
having a series of burners tapped into the same, have been used, but in such instance
the air is also admitted into the reservoir with the gas, which I claim not to be as good
a feature as the construction described by me wherein the air is separately admitted
to the individual burners outside of the drum. In my way the quantity of air
admitted to each burner can be adjusted, whereas by the other way the proportion of
air and gas flowing to the several burners is a variable quantity due to the unequal
mixing of the gas and air in the drum furthermore it is not desirable to mix a large
body of air and gas together. Aside from the matter of mixing the gas and air
together the drum to which the supply of gas is controlled by a single valve and to
which the burners are directly connected, gives an advantage over a construction
wherein a cluster of lights is supplied by a series of radial pipes from a common
centre, as in such latter construction the gas pressure to the different burners often
varies by reason of the clogging of the passages by the deposits from the gas, which
is always unequal, and because the pressure to the individual burners cannot be kept
so uniform as when a large body of gas in a reservoir is used.
One of the important advantages of my invention is the ease with which broken
mantles may be removed and replaced and the fact that such operation may be
accomplished without interfering in the slightest degree with the other mantles of the
group. This burner is primarily designed to replace the ordinary average sized
incandescent burner and the group of small burners here shewn will not occupy any
more space than the single large burner now in commercial use. Each of my burners
is comparatively small, the mantle being only about one and one half inches long,
while the diameter of the drum is about the same dimension. It follows from
this, that with incandescing material of the same texture and strength, my mantles
will resist much greater disturbing forces than the other, on account of its lesser area.
If, however, the mantle does break, it entails a very small loss, as only a fraction of
the entire light giving elements is destroyed. Any injured mantle may be removed
by simply lifting off the collar f supporting it: another collar, which will always be
at hand, having previously had a new mantle attached to it, is then inserted in place
by merely dropping the collar over the top of the burner. If a mantle is broken and
another is not at hand, with which to replace it, or if it is only desired to burn some
of the mantles while others are out of use, this may be accomplished by removing the
burner tube from the nipple and screwing the cap, shewn in Fig. 5, upon the
outward projection of the nipple, thus stopping the flow of gas to that particular
burner and leaving all of the active burners still under the control of the valve a².
The deflecting plate at the outlet of the burner is a good feature of my invention as
it constitutes an effective mixing device for the air and gas just before it enters the
mantle. The fixed blades of the deflector impart a twist to the air and creates currents
which thoroughly mix them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1 An inoandescent
hunnen consistive of a box or reservoir to which
ras i

page_text: admitted, in combination with a series of burners attached directly to said box or
reservoir, and being individually supplied with means for the ingress of air,
substantially as described.
2. An incandescent gas burner consisting of a box or reservoir to which gas is
admitted, in combination with a series of burners directly attached thereto, means for
supplying air individually to the burners and for mixing the air and gas together
before the same reach the consuming point.
3. In an incandescent burner, the combination of a burner tube and a mantle
support consisting of a collar constructed to fit loosely over the top of the tube and
provided with means for suspending it in that position, said collar carrying a holder
for the mantle.
4. In an incandescent burner, the combination of a burner tube and a mantle
support consisting of a collar adapted to fit loosely over the tube and provided with
means for suspending it in that position, said collar carrying a holder for the mantle
and a handle by which the collar may be lifted.
5. In an incandescent burner, the combination of a gas chamber, a nipple tapped
into the same and a burner tube supported by the nipple, said nipple also provided
with a gas passage.
6. In an incandescent burner, the combination of a gas chamber, a nipple tapped
into the same and a burner tube supported by the nipple, said nipple being also
provided with a gas passage and a cap for stopping said passage.
Dated this 26th day of March A.D. 1897.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.