AN IMPROVED COMBINED LANTERN AND LAMP FOR BURNING PETROLEUM AND OTHER LIKE HYDROCARBON FLUIDS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Turner Hall, of Edgehill Station, Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Gas Engineer, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED COMBINED LANTERN AND LAMP FOR BURNING PETROLEUM AND OTHER
LIKE HYDROCARBON FLUIDS."
Sealed the 15th July 1864, and dated the 21st January 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Turner Hall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st January 1864.
I, JAMES TURNER HALL, of Edgehill Station, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED COMBINED LANTERN AND LAMP FOR BURNING PETROLEUM AND
OTHER LIKE HYDROCARBON FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
The
My improved combined lantern and lamp for burning petroleum, paraffine,
and other like bydrocarbon fluids, or so called "light spirit oils," is mainly
suitable for railway purposes, for outside lighting of stations, and for distance
and other signals, it may however be used at or in other places.
object which I have had in view has been to obtain greater illuminating power
in lamps of the same size than is now produced by olive and other heavy oils
now used, and to obtain such increased light at less cost. The lantern may
have any desired external form and be made of any suitable material, say with
the sides of glass and the top and bottom of metal, but it must be provided
with openings or perforations of comparatively small size to admit fresh air

page_text: and allow escape of the products of combustion. The air ingress apertures can
most conveniently be formed in the bottom of the lantern, and the egress in
the top thereof, and the latter can advantageously be obtained by the use of
wire gauze, with, say, 144 openings in the area of a superficial inch, or several
layers of wire gauze or perforated metal, the one over the other, may be
used.
The lamp, which is preferably capable of being removed from the lantern,
has one, two, or more oil containers communicating with a burner or burners of
any suitable kind for burning petroleum, the burner or burners being provided
each with a glass chimney terminating inside the wire gauze or egress
openings above mentioned. Both the oil container or containers and the
burner or burners rest on a bottom plate, fitting tightly in or to the bottom or
sides of the lantern, to prevent the lamp from moving out of its place, and this
plate where uncovered is also perforated or provided with openings. To
ensure a supply of fresh air capable of maintaining proper combustion, I
sometimes carry air supply tubes from the lamp bottom plate upwards close to
the air distributor of the burner, and these tubes I cover at their upward
termination with wire gauze or perforated metal. Openings in the bottom of
the lantern are made to admit the air.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Turner Hall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st July 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
TURNER HALL, of Edgehill Station, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Gas
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
.said James Turner Hall, Her special licence that I, the said James Turner Hall,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Turner Hall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED

page_text: COMBINED LANTERN AND LAMP FOR BURNING PETROLEUM AND OTHER LIKE HYDRO-
CARBON FLUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James
Turner Hall, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Turner Hall, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
My improved combined lantern and lamp for burning petroleum, paraffine,
and other like hydrocarbon fluids, or so called "light spirit oils," is mainly
suitable for railway purposes, for outside lighting of stations, and for distance
and other signals, it may however be used at or in other places. The
object which I have had in view has been to obtain greater illuminating power
in lamps of the same size than is now produced by olive and other heavy oils
now used, and to obtain such increased light at less cost.
The lantern may
have any desired external form, and be made of any suitable material, say
with the sides of glass and the top and bottom of metal, but it must be
provided with openings or perforations of comparatively small size to admit
fresh air and allow escape of the products of combustion. The air ingress
apertures can most conveniently be formed in the bottom of the lantern and
the egress in the top thereof, and the latter can advantageously be obtained by
the use of wire gauze, with, say, not less than 144 openings in the area of a
superficial inch, or several layers of wire gauze or perforated metal, the one
over the other, may be used.
The lamp, which is preferably capable of being removed from the lantern,
has one, two, or more oil containers communicating with a burner or burners
of any suitable kind for burning petroleum, the burner or burners being
provided each with a glass chimney terminating inside the wire gauze or
egress openings above mentioned. Both the oil container or containers and
the burner or burners rest on a bottom plate fitting tightly in or to the bottom
or sides of the lantern, to prevent the lamp from moving out of its place, and
this plate when uncovered is also perforated or provided with openings. To
ensure a supply of fresh air capable of maintaining proper combustion, 1
sometimes carry air supply tubes from the lamp bottom plate upwards close
to the air distributor of the burner, and these tubes I cover at their upper

page_text: terminations with wire gauze or perforated metal. Openings in the bottom of
the lantern are made to admit the air.
That my Invention may be clearly seen and understood I have hereunto
appended a Sheet of illustrative Drawings, Fig. 1 being a side elevation,
Fig. 2 a vertical section, and Fig. 3 a plan view, all of a combined lantern
and lamp arranged for a railway double signal light, and suitable for placing
in the holders or framework now employed for olive oil apparatus; Fig. 4 is
a front elevation, Fig. 5 a vertical section, and Fig. 6 a plan view of a com-
bined lantern and lamp suitable for use at railway stations and platforms, and
other places out of doors; it may be used inside.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, like letters are used to indicate the same parts, thus,
a is the frame of the lantern, here shewn made of metal, with two sheets of
glass b and two slides c therein. These slides are pushed down over the
openings fitted with wire gauze or perforated metal d when the lamp is being
carried in a person's hand, and lifted up when the lantern is in position on the
signal "pole;" e are side openings for the admission of air, protected by wire
gauze or perforated metal, those openings at the upper part, near the top or
cover, might in some states of the atmosphere act as openings for egress of
the products of combustion; f are bottom air entrance openings, the air passes
upwards through apertures in the plate 9 and spaces in the oil container h
(such containers are here of the olive oil container form) to the air distributor
i of the burner, which is of any suitable kind for burning the fluids herein-
before named. Wire gauze or perforated metal placed over the apertures in
the bottom or a wire gauze or perforated metal bottom to the lantern would
allow the perforated metal plate g to be dispensed with. jare air conductors for
carrying air up to the distributor of the burner; k is a handle by which the
lamp, that is, the oil container p, the burner e, and the chimney m, and, where
used, the air conductors j and container plate g, is lifted into and out of the
lantern when the cover or top n is folded back. This top or cover n is hinged
at one part, and has a fastening catch marked o; p, are "burnt air" egress
openings covered or protected by wire gauze or perforated metal; q is a metal
slide capable of being moved round to close over or allow free egress through
the protected openings r. These openings, which are here shewn half covered
by the slide 9, I protect preferably with two or more thickness of wire gauze
or perforated metal; s is the handle.
The several parts of Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are marked with the same letters
of reference, thus a¹ points out the metal framework, b¹ the glass sides, the
front one of which is hinged at c¹, and has a fastener d to allow it to be opened
and the lamp e to be passed in and taken out; f, the reflector; g', the oil

page_text: container and chimney; h' are entrance and i exit openings for air; ;', the
handle. The metal parts which form the lanterns are rivetted together as
far as is convenient in every case.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention and
shewn practicable details, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the particular forms and shapes and details of parts herein described and
shewn on the Drawings, as many modifications may be made without departing
from my Invention. What I claim is, lanterns and lamps for burning
the hydrocarbon fluids herein-before mentioned, combined substantially in
the manner herein set forth and illustrated by certain modifications or
arrangements on the Sheet of Drawings hereto attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Turner Hall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
In the presence of
JOHN THOMSON KING,
Patent Agent,
4, Clayton Square,
Liverpool.
JAMES TURNER HALL. (L.S.)