Improvements in Tramway Vehicles Worked by Engine Power.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1892-Accepted, 8th Oct., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in Tramway Vehicles Worked by Engine Power.
I, CARL LÜHRIG of Reichs Strasse No. 30 Dresden, Germany, Mining Engineer,
lo hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
obe performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
-
This invention relates to tramway vehicles for conveying persons or goods,
worked by motor engines, mounted in the carriage. The main features of the
nvention relate to the arrangement of the motor engine, its gearings and
accessories in the carriage in such a manner, that they do not occupy any of the
accommodation space, but are so arranged, that while they are invisible they
occupy such spaces of the carriage as hitherto have not been utilised. Thus, for
instance, in passenger carriages the engines and machinery are arranged under the
seats which constitute at the same time protective covers and hermetically closed
casings preventing passage of odours or noise. The fly wheels of the engine are
arranged in the hollow side walls, caoutchouc bags for gas in the hollow front walls
and the connecting gear under the floor. The exterior of the car differs in no way
from those which are propelled by horses or locomotives. There is nothing to be
seen of the engines or apparatus either inside or outside the carriage and the space
occupied by these is not taken from the useful space of the vehicle.
The seats, walls and floors form casings for the engines and apparatus which are
so tightly enclosed, that neither odour nor noise can penetrate into the carriage.
But they form a protection against accidents to or derangement of the engines
and apparatus. The parts of the vehicle below the windows can be taken apart,
there being a number of doors, 12 or more, provided, and thus the several ports of
the engines are always easily accessible for inspection and repair. The body of
the carriage can all be taken to pieces so that the engines and apparatus can
without difficulty be removed from the carriage and replaced by others; this is
done so easily, that the substitution can be effected during the working.
By adopting this construction of vehicle and these arrangements of the engines,
apparatus, gearings, and accessories, a carriage is provided, the exterior of which
is elegant, while its inner space is completely utilised. Furthermore, it offers the
considerable advantage, that it can be profitably worked and at the same time
secures the greatest possible safety. In comparison with other known vehicles
worked by horses, air, electricity etc. this is the cheapest, and its working is the most
safe and agreeable. It can be used moreover in places where a tramway or the
like could not hitherto be employed because the first cost or the working expenses
or both were too high for profit. The first cost and the working expenses of the
improved carriage are so low, the vehicle itself is so commodious, and can be so
easily applied, that its profitable use is in all cases assured.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side view of the carriage.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section,
Fig. 3 a longitudinal section,
Fig.
a sectional plan,
Fig. 5 illustrates the exchanging of the motors,
hive and 7 are details of the exchangeable columns.

page_text: Below the floor of the carriage are the dampers of noise Sch and the gas
pressure regulators D, while the caoutchouc bags G are arranged in the interior of
the front walls. The air suction pots L are placed under the seats.
The gas is led by the pipes g from the holders R and passes first to the pressure
regulators D and thence by pipes g₁ to the caoutchouc bags G and finally to the
engines M. From the suction pots L atmospheric air is drawn through pipes / by
the engines. The exhaust gases flow through pipes a arranged with other pipes in
a chimney like casing of the front and side walls, first to the dampers of noise Sch
and thence upwards into the two purifying vessels arranged upon the roof
of the carriage and charged with fragments of cork, brushwood or other
hygroscopic matters in order to be filtered and freed from moisture and dirt. The
gases then escape through small holes provided over the whole surface of the
receivers into the open air, smoke and offensive odours being thus entirely
avoided.
There are also arranged upon the roof two gas-holders communicating with the
other holders and with each other by the pipes v. From one of these gas holders
a short branch tube passes to the platform to a gauge m (Fig. 2) which indicates
the quantity of gas used, and informs the driver when the gas holders are to be
charged again. In the carriage itself, close to the engines, a second gauge is
provided upon the charging pipe indicating to the attendant of the gas-cock the
allowed limit of the charge.
A tank Garranged in the central part of the carriage roof holds the cooling
water which owing to its heating and cooling is in continuous circulation. The
cold water flows by pipe k from G¹to the engines and the warm water ascends to
the tank by pipes w.
The water tank G' is provided with an overflow arrangement for cases when the
carriage is in an inclined position. A pipe U leading from the cover of the tank
is circularly bent and then passes downward so as to conduct overflowing water
directly to the ground. To prevent the pipe U from acting like a siphon and
continuously discharging water, a small air tube is provided on its upper
bend.
The chimney like casing C of the pipes k and U is continued into the engine
room so as to serve as a ventilating shaft, the heat produced of the engines being
thus led out without affecting the interior of the carriage. In cold weather this
shaft can be closed, the heat then warming the seats and thus heating the
carriage.
The seats which can be folded up are provided with doors or flaps t. The
panels T of the side walls and likewise the columns s can be dismounted. Thus
the engines and apparatus are accessible from the interior of the carriage as well as
from outside. As the walls of the carriage below the windows can be taken
apart, the engines can entirely be uncovered and withdrawn. For this purpose
each of the plates of foundation P of the engines is loosely mounted upon a
second fixed plate B and is held by bolts having heads engaging in a slot in the
under plate B. By loosening the nuts on these bolts, each motor can be with-
drawn from the carriage to be repaired or to have another substituted for it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is:
1. On tramway cars for conveying persons or goods worked by gas, petroleum,
air, or other engines, the arrangement of the engines, apparatus, driving gear and
all their accessories in the carriage in such a manner, that they cannot be seen
either from within or from without and that the space in which they are mounted
is not taken from the utilisable space of the carriage, so that the engines,
apparatus and accessories are thus secured against injury or derangement, and,
owing to their being tightly enclosed, odour or noise is prevented from penetrating
into the carriage.

page_text: 2. In a carriage such as is above referred to the arrangement of the motor
engines under the longitudinal seats, of the fly wheels in the hollow side walls, of
the gas-collectors in the front walls, of the driving gear below the floor, and the
onstruction of the seats, the protective casings, the side and front walls and the
floor so that they can be folded up or taken to pieces with doors or flaps which
an separately be opened, for the purpose of rendering the engines, apparatus,
gearings and each separate part of them easily accessible for inspection or
repair.
3. In a carriage such as is above referred to the arrangement of the motors
upon a moveable under-plate for the purpose of withdrawing them from the
carriage and substituting others, after the side walls and the columns of the latter
have been removed.
4. In a carriage such as is above referred to the arrangement of a water
circulation, for cooling the motors in such a manner, that the heated water rises to
a tank upon the roof of the carriage and the cooled water flows down from the
tank.
5. In a carriage such as is above referred to the arrangement for dischargin
the exhaust gases in a noiseless and inodorous manner by leading them into a
receiver arranged upon the roof of the carriage, in which they are purified and
hence they escape through a large number of holes.
"1
6. In a carriage such as is above referred to the arrangement of a discharge
pipe U on the water tank G' which by its coiled form allows the water to overflow
when, the carriage is in an inclined position a small tube u preventing the discharge
pipe from acting as a siphon.
7. In a carriage such as is above referred to the air tight closure of the seats
and floor plates, in order to prevent smoke, odour or noise from penetrating into
the interior of the carriage.
8. In a carriage such as is above referred to, the arrangement of gauges
indicating the consumption of gas.
9. In a carriage such as is above referred to the arrangement of a ventilating
shaft C for leading away the heat produced in the engine room.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1892.
ABEL & IMKAI
Agents for the Applicant.