IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOOPS OR TYRES FOR WHEELS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Poole, of 42, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, City of
London, and William Milward, of Camberwell, County of Surrey,
Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
HOOPS OR TYRES FOR WHEELS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Poole and William
Milward at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 27th April 1861.
We, JOHN POOLE, of 42, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, City of London, and
WILLIAM MILWARD, of Camberwell, County of Surrey, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF HOOPS OR TYRES FOR WHEELS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS AND
TRAMWAYS," to be as follows:
Wo take a bar of iron or steel of suitable dimensions, and pass it edgeways
between plain or grooved rolls mounted upon a frame similar to those used for
bending boiler plates; by means of these we form it into a concentric spiral
ring, having its flat sides exposed to each other. If the hoop to be formed is flat,
that is, the section rectangular, the spiral will be all of the same width; if,
however, the hoop is not flat, but as a flange, as for railway tyres, then the

page_text: width of the piece of iron forming the spiral will vary according to the section
of the hoop. The spiral ring is then placed in a frame, raised to a welding
heat, and by means of a steam hammer, or other such like method, the whole
is welded into one mass, which, by being passed between rolls or other well-
known devices, may be brought to the accurate outline required.
We further propose to use, instead of a continuous ring, a series of rings
similarly curved and piled one on each other, the joints crossed, and then
submitted to the welding process as before stated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Poole and William Milward in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JonN
POOLE, of 42, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, City of London, and WILLIAM
MILWARD, of Camberwell, County of Surrey, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said John Poole and William Milward, Her special licence that we, the
said John Poole and William Milward, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Poole and William Milward, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF Hoops
OR TYRES FOR WHEELS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said John Poole and William Milward, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under' or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed;
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
*NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Poole and William Milward, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-
The object of our Invention is the construction or manufacture of a hoop
or ring tyre for railway or tram wheels without the usual cross weld or joining
"shet." We propose to do this in the following manner :-We take a bar of
iron or steel, or bars composed partly of iron or steel, or other metal of any
requisite size or section, and pass it edgeways through or between three suitable
grooved or plain rollers fixed and mounted in an iron frame, the lines joining
their centres or axes, preferably forming with each other an equilateral
triangle. These rollers are caused to revolve by wheel gearing or other requi-
site appliances, and thereby bending or curving the said bar or bars of iron or
steel into a concentric spiral, helical, or corkscrew form. It is then to be
subjected to the process of welding, so as to bring the series of rings into one
piece, after which it can be again passed between other rollers of the necessary
form according to the cross section of the tire, with the requisite flange for
affixing on the body of the wheel. In lieu of such latter process, it can be
brought to its required shape during the welding, or afterwards, by means of
hammering in dies or swages. We further intend or propose constructing the
said tyre of single concentric rings bent or curved by the means aforesaid, or
by the usual manner, and then piled or placed on each other with their ends
so arranged as to cross or break joint prior to the welding process before
mentioned.
We by no means confine ourselves to this particular form of machinery or
method herein described to bend or curve bars of iron or steel into a spiral,
helical, or corkscrew form, or into single concentric rings, as the same may be
performed by other methods, neither do we intend to rely on the manner set
forth to form the particular section of tyre, our purpose or object being the
constructing or manufacturing tyres in such a manner as will avoid welding
the bar, hoop, or tyre together by means of a seam or joint across it, thereby
greatly increasing its cohesive and latteral strength.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the mode of effecting
the same, we wish it understood, that what we claim and desire secured to us
by the before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the bending, curving, or forming edgeways bars of iron, steel, or
other metal into a spiral, helical, or corkscrew shape for the purpose of being
used to form tyres for railway or tram wheels, substantially as herein described
and set forth.
Second, the bending, curving, or forming edgeways of single rings of iron,

page_text: steel, or other metal for the purpose of forming a tyre for railway or tramway
wheels by piling one upon another, and welding. the whole together substan-
tially as herein described and set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Poole-and William Milward, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-sixth day of October, One!
thousand eight 'hundred and sixty-one.
JOHN POOLE.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM MILWARD. (L.S.)