IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING COTTON YARNS AND YARNS OF OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE IN THE COP
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Albert Gatty, of Accrington, in the County
of Lancaster, Dyer and Calico Printer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN DYEING COTTON YARNS AND YARNS OF OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE IN THE
COP."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Albert Gatty at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th January 1882.
: FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY of Accrington in the County of Lancaster Dyer
and Calico Printer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING COTTON YARNS AND YARNS OF
OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE IN THE COP."
My Invention relates to dyeing cotton yarns and yarns of other vegetable fibre
in the cop, colours derived from dyewoods such as logwood, fustic, Limawood and
other red dyewoods and consists in first impregnating the cops with decoctions or
extracts of the said dyewoods and subsequently immersing them in suitable
mordants.
I effect this by boiling the cops in the said decoctions or extracts until they are
completely saturated with the liquid, they are then freed from the excess of liquid
in a hydro-extractor or otherwise and steeped in a suitable mordant according to
the colour required.-For yellow, the cops boiled in fustic are put into an
aluminous mordant and after being completely soaked they are freed from the
excess of liquid and then dried.-For black, the cops boiled in extract of logwood
are steeped in an iron mordant until well soaked they are then freed from the
excess of liquid and dried :-for purple, an aluminous mordant is used in place of
an iron inordant. The cops prepared with Limawood or other red dyewood are
soaked with an aluminous mordant and treated in the same way as the other
colours described above.
By mixing the different extracts of dyewoods and varying the strength of the
saine a variety of shades can be obtained. If the cops are of a large size and the
mordant required is of a nature not to support a boiling temperature, such as
acetate of alumina or acetate of iron I dry the cops before mordanting and mix the
mordants with alcohol or wood spirit as described in the Specification to any Patent
No. 999 A.D. 1881 in order to insure the penetrating of the mordants to the centre
of the cop. In some cases when deep shades are required it may be necessary to
dry the cops after they have been impregnated with the extract of dyewood,
previous to steeping them in the mordants.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Albert Gatty in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th July 1882.
FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY of Accrington in the County of Lancaster Dyer
and Calico Printer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING COTTON YARNS AND YARNS OF
OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE IN THE COP."
My Invention relates to dyeing cotton yarns and yarns of other vegetable fibre
in the cop, colours derived from dyewoods, such as logwood, fustic, Limawood, and
other red dyewoods and consists in first impregnating the cops with decoctions
or extracts of the said dyewoods and subsequently immersing them in suitable
mordants.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I will describe how I
perform the same.
I first put a skewer made of wood, metal or other suitable material into the
centre of the cop in order to keep open the hole which otherwise would swell
up: for dyeing cops black I boil them first in a decoction or extract of logwood
at four degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer for an hour to an hour and a half:
in place of logwood alone some decoction of fustic or quercitron bark may be
-added in order to vary the-shade-of black. After the cops have been boiled the
necessary time and are well soaked with the dyewood liquor I put them into a
hydroextractor in order to free them from the excess of liquid; they are afterwards
steeped in a solution of a salt of iron, by preference, pyro-lignite of iron at four
degrees Twaddle's hydrometer for about three hours, if steeped in an open
vessel, but if a vacuum is formed in the vessel before the salt of iron is admitted
only about half an hour is required: after the iron liquor has penetrated the cop I
boil them in water for about twenty minutes and then put them into a hydro-
extractor in order to separate as much of the water as possible and then dry them
in a stove or in any other convenient way. For red colours I boil the cops first for
an hour to an hour and a half in a decoction of sapan-wood, Lima-wood, or other
red dyewoods or a mixture of red and yellow dyewood liquors according to the
shade required. I then separate the excess of liquid as in the case of the black
cops described above and then steep them in acetate of alumina at six degrees
Twaddle's hydrometer for about three hours or for about half an hour if in a
vacuum or until the mordant has penetrated the cops. I then boil them in water
or expose them to the action of steam for about twenty minutes after which they
aro freed from the excess of liquid in a hydroextractor and then dried. For yellow
I proceed in the same way as for red but in place of using red dyewood liquor I
use fustic or quercitron bark liquor and in other respects proceed in the same way
as for the red colours described above.
By mixing the dyewood liquors and by varying the strength of the same a
variety of shades can be obtained,
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which I
perform the same I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
exact proportions named above but―
What I do claim is:-
Dyeing cotton yarns or yarns of other vegetable fibrous material in the cop by

page_text: first boiling the cops in dyewood extracts and subsequently treating them with
the mordants substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof I the said Frederick Albert Gatty have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Twenty fifth day of July One thousand eight hundred
and eighty two.
זי
1.
표
A.