AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR GRINDING OR REDUCING PAPER STUFF TO PULY AND SIZING THE SAME
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Martyn Clarke, of Boston, of the State of
Massachusetts, of the United States of America, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR GRINDING OR REDUCING PAPER STUFF TO PULY
AND SIZING THE SAME."-A communication by Joseph Jordan, junior,
resident at Hartford, of the State of Connecticut.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henry Martyn Clarke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declara-
tion, on the 22nd August 1860, pursuant to the 9th Section of the
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, BE IT
KNOWN, that I, HENRY MARTYN CLARKE, of Boston, of the State of Massa-.
chusets, of the United States of America, am in possession of an. Invention
of an "IMPROVED MACHINE FOR GRINDING OR REDUCING PAPER STUFF TO PULP
AND SIZING THE SAME," such having been communicated to me by Joseph:
Jordan, junior, resident at Hartford, of the State of Connecticut, and I hereby
declare that the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in which the.
same is to be performed, are fully described and represented in the following
Specification and the accompanying Drawings, of which Figure 1 denotes a top
view; Figure 2, a side elevation; Figure 8, a longitudinal section; and Figure 4,,
a transverse section of the same; this latter section being taken through the.
conduit for the induction of the size or sizing material; Figure 5 is a vertical
and transverse section, taken through the stuff reservoir; Figure 6 is a side
view of the male grinder; Figure 7 is a front end view of the female grinder.
head.
The nature of my Invention or improvements consists in constructing

page_text: either grinder in sections, and with its knives so arranged that those of one
section or series shall be so generally or wholly out of range with those of the
next series that each channel between any two next adjacent knives of one
series may at its end next adjacent to the other series enter into two or more
of the channels of such series.
Also, in making the conical grinder with its knives arranged in two or more
series extending around the grinder and at greater distances apart from one
another at the smaller end of the grinder than they are at its larger end as
herein-after explained.
Also, in an improved mode of applying an adjusting screw to the male
grinder shaft.
Also, in constructing the discharging end of the case or female grinder
with a series of apertures arranged at different altitudes with respect to each
other, and for the proper adjustment of the eduction pipe.
Also, arranging each knife of the female grinder or outer shell at an acute
angle with the curved inner surface thereof in manner and for the purpose
herein-after explained.
.
...[
Also, the application of steam within the case, and in connection with the
pulp and sizing material introduced therein as herein-after explained.
In the Drawings A denotes the male grinder, which in external form is
a frustrum of a cone. It is fixed on a driving shaft B, which runs axially
through it and a female grinder or shell C, which receives the male grinder,
as shown in the Drawings. The axis of the shell C is intended to be arranged
horizontally. The driving shaft plays through stuffing boxes a, b, affixed
respectively to the two heads c, c¹, of the shell C. Furthermore that end of the
said shaft which is next to the driving pulley D is sustained in a stationary
box or bearing E, while the opposite end of the shaft rests in a moveable.
box F, supported within a troughed. bracket G, projected from the larger
head of the case or female grinder, and provided with an ear or standard.d,
through which the adjusting screw H is: screwed. The shaft B is furnished.
with shoulders e and f arranged with respect. to. the box -F, as shown in.
Figures 1 and 3. The screw H carries a hand wheel I and is applied to a
cross bar g, in the same manner as the shaft B is to the box F, such bar g. being
connected to the box F,by two rods i, i, arranged as shown in the Drawings..
By such a mode of applying the adjusting screw.H to the driving. shaft the.
inner end of the screw does not touch the shaft, and 'therefore is never worn.
thereby or the shaft worn by the screw, while the shaft; may be in rapid
revolution. When the hand wheel of the screw is put in revolution the male
grinder will be moved longitudinally within the case.. Over the lower end

page_text: of the case the stuff reservoir K is placed, it being constructed in the usual
manner and made to open into the case as shown at K. Near to the reser-
voir or at any other proper part of it; the case is furnished with a conductor or
pipe 1, for the induction of steam into such case, the conduit for the supply of
the sizing fluid or material being shown at m. The larger head of the case
has a series of orifices n, n¹, n", arranged in it at different.altitudes, each being
capable of receiving the eduction pipe o, and when such pipe may be in-either
of the said holes the others are to be stopped by plugs p, p².
In constructing each grinder I make it in series or sections of blades or
knives r, r, or 8, 8, arranged transversely around its surface as shown in the
Drawings, and with each blade so disposed with respect to those of the series
next to either end of it that it may be between two of them next adjacent to
each other. In this way the knives will be so arranged that each channel between
any two next-adjacent knives of one series will open at its end next adjacent to
the other series-into two or more channels of such last named series. This
arrangement of the knives causes divisions of the streams of pulp and prevents-
clogging of the grinders. It also. causes the reduction of the pulp to be made
to better advantage than when each of the knives is made to extend from end.
to end of the grinder. Each knife of the male grinder I arrange with a shear or
at an acute angle with the plane of the axis of the grinder as shown in Figure 6,
in the female grinder each knife where it projects into the cavity of the grinder
has a bend or inclination to the inner surface of the grinder as shown in Figures
4 and 5. By means of such bend the knives may be sharpened at any timo
simply by reversing the rotary motion of the male grinder and moving it longi-
tudinally so as to force its blades against those of the female grinder. Each series
of knives of the outer grinder may be inserted in staves or sectional portions
or blocks t, i, t, separate from and fitted to an outer shell or case u, and held
in place by screws w, w, or one or more wedges v, or by any other proper means.
In this way each section or portion, when' its blades may become too much
worn or dulled, may be removed and a fresh one substituted for it. Further-
more the knives or blades of the male grinder are so arranged that those
of its larger section or series are nearer together than those of the next
smaller section, which in turn are also nearer together than those of the next
or smallest section, the knives at the lower end of the grinder being arranged
at greater distances apart than at its greater end. This arrangement not
only prevents the pulp where first introduced from choking the grinders, but
is highly advantageous in other respects particularly in the reduction of the
pulp. The introduction of steam into the grinder case with the pulp and
sizing enables the grinders to more easily reduce the fibrous matters and

page_text: cause the latter to take the sizing to better advantage, and especially when
paper is to be ground in the machine, as the steam loosens the adhesion of
the fibers to each other and causes the sizing to penetrate them easily and
quickly. It also produces other important advantages..
.
My present machine may be considered a great improvement on that
heretofore patented by me; I would remark that I do not herein claim a pulp
grinder as constructed of a single conical grinder and outer shell and with
its pipes for the introduction of rags and size and the eduction of both arranged
with reference to the axis and ends of the grinder substantially as exhibited in
the Patent heretofore granted to me.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as
follows, viz., I claim constructing either grinder in sections and with its knives
so arranged that those of one section or series shall be so generally or wholly
out of range with those of the next series that each channel between any two
next adjacent knives of one series may at its end next adjacent to the other.
series.open into two or more of the channels of such series.
Also, an improved, mode of applying an adjusting screw to the male grinder
shaft, that is, by the combination of the moveable box. F, supporting bracket G,
cross bar 9, shoulders of the shaft and screw, the connecting rods, and standard,.
all arranged and applied substantially as specified.
Also, constructing the discharging end of the case or female grinder with a
series of apertures arranged at different altitudes with respect to each other
and for the proper adjustment of the eduction pipe.
Also, arranging each knife of the female grinder or outer shell at an acute
angle with the curved inner surface thereof, in manner and for the
berein-before explained.
'
purpose as
Also, the application of steam within the case and in connection with the
pulp and sizing material, introduced therein as herein-before specified.
I
"
Also, arranging the knives of the male grinder in two or more series
transversely, around the grinder and with those of each series from the smaller
to the larger end of the grinder arranged at less distances apart. than those of
the preceding series.
= In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Martyn Clarke, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of August 1860.
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