Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Cement.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Cement.
We, THOMAS HOLDEN, of Bridgwater, in the County of Somerset, Manufactur-
ing Director of "The Bridgwater Portland Cement Company, Limited," and
CHARLES MAJOR, of Bridgwater aforesaid, Director and Secretary of the said
Company, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
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This invention relates to the manufacture of cement and has for its object to
simplify the process and improve the result by dispensing with the drying of the
slurry or mixture of cement making materials before it is burned, and the opera-
tions incidental to such drying.
According to this invention there is provided a kiln having in its interior a
passage or passages either built permanently in the kiln or built therein
temporarily so as to leave a passage or passages clear of the slurry or mixture of
cement making materials and the fuel which are placed in the kiln in layers.
The slurry or mixture of cement making materials is placed in the kiln without
previous drying and when the kiln is in operation the moisture is vapourized by
the heat and passes through the contents and thoroughly disintegrates the lime.
The superfluous moisture passes from the materials during the burning process in
the form of steam or vapour through the passage or passages provided therein as
hereinbefore described. The result of the operation is an improved clinker which
can be ground and used as cement immediately or shortly after being removed
from the kiln.
Dated the 10th 1. f Ant 1007
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Cement.
We, THOMAS HOLDEN, of Bridgwater, in the County of Somerset, Manufactur-
ing Director of The Bridgwater Portland Cement Company, Limited, and
CHARLES MAJOR, of Bridgwater aforesaid, Director and Secretary of the said
Company, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of cement from clay and chalk, lime-
stone, or other like materials, and has for its object to simplify the process and
improve the result whilst effecting economy in the manufacture by dispensing

page_text: with the complete drying of the 'slurry," or mixture of cement-making
materials, before it is burned, and consequently dispensing also with the opera-
tions incidental to such drying.
According to this invention the cement-making materials are ground and the
ground mixture is damped or moistened either before, during, or after, grinding
and may be at once placed in a kiln in which burning is effected provision being
made for the passage through the charge of the steam arising from the moisture
in the charge. For this purpose there is provided a kiln having in its interior a
passage, or passages, either built permanently in the kiln, or built therein
temporarily, so as to leave a passage, or passages, clear of the mixture of cement-
making materials, and the fuel, which fuel and the mixture of cement-making
materials are placed in the kiln in alternating layers. The cement-making
materials are placed in the kiln without complete previous drying or other
preparation or manipulation than grinding and moistening, and, when the kiln
is in operation, the moisture is vapourized by the heat and passes through the
contents and tends to disintegrate the lime. The superfluous moisture passes
from the materials during the burning process in the form of steam, or vapour,
through the passage, or passages, provided therein as hereinbefore described.
The accompanying drawing represents in vertical section in Figure 1 and in
horizontal section (on the line 1, 2) in Figure 2, a kiln arranged in accordance
with this invention. A are the aforesaid passages formed by perforated tubes, or
by hollow pieces built up upon each other. The parts marked a, indicate the
layers of ground and moist, or wet, cement-making materials, and the parts
marked b, indicate the intervening layers of fuel. The moisture as it is
evaporated finds a ready exit by the said passages at A.
The result of the operation is an improved clinker which can be ground and
used as cement immediately, or shortly, after being removed from the kiln or
treated in the usual way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
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1. The manufacture of cement by grinding cement-making materials and
moistening them and placing them whilst in a moist, or wet, condition with inter-
vening layers of fuel in a kiln and burning them so that moisture evaporated
from the moist, or wet, cement-making materials, passes out through the charge
during treatment in the kiln; substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. For the manufacture of cement, a kiln provided with a passage or passages
passing through, or partly through, the charge of fuel and ground and wet, or
moist, cement-making materials, to allow of the escape of moisture from the said
wet, or moist, cement-making materials; substantially as herein before described,
and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 12th day of January 1898.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.