Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 13th May, 1899
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of The Office for Patents, 6, Breams Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, te be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement; -
This invention relates especially to improvements in machines of that class used
for applying wrappers to books, magazines, pamphlets, folded newspapers, and
similar articles, which articles will be hereinafter called
papers," which term
is to be understood as meaning all articles on which a machine embodying the
present invention may be found adapted to operate, but such machines are
especially designed for use with magazines or other quite thick pamphlets.
More particularly, the general features of the invention relate to a wrapping
machine of that class in which the wrapper is folded to form a tube by means of
longitudinal folders, the papers being placed in position, and advanced with the
wrapper, before the edges of the wrapper are folded over to complete the tube. In
British Letters Patent, No. 5264, dated March 13th 1894, there is described and
claimed a machine of this class in which the sides of the wrapper are first bent
downwardly, and then turned back and folded over upon the paper lying on the
middle portion of the wrapper. This reverse folding was for the purpose of causing
all parts of the wrapper to travel the same distance, while at the same time pro-
viding for the feeding of the papers into position to be enveloped by the wrapper,
as it is folded to form a tube. One of the objects of the present invention is to
avoid this double or reverse folding of the wrapper in forming the tube, and this
result is secured by so arranging the parts of the machine, that the wrapper tube
shall be formed merely by folding the sides or edges of the wrapper up, and then
completing the tube by folding down such upturned edges, the papers being fed
into position to be enveloped by the wrapper as its edges are folded down to com-
plete the wrapper tube. In carrying out the invention, there is preferably pro-
vided paper-feeding devices so located and arranged that the wrapper may be
advanced with its upturned sides or edges on either side of the feeding devices,
and the means for turning up the edges of the wrapper, and for completing the
folding of the wrapper to form a tube, are preferably separated, so as to leave a
trough-like space between the upturned edges of the wrapper, long enough to
accommodate suitable paper-holding and feeding devices. By thus feeding the
papers, in the direction of movement of the wrapper, into the trough formed by
turning up the edges of the wrapper, the papers will be fed forward on the wrapper
after the operation of the paper-feeding devices ceases, without the danger of slip
between the wrapper and paper, which would exist if the wrapper started the move-
ment of the paper from a state of rest, this result being materially aided, also, by
the pressure of the sides of the trough formed by the wrapper upon the side edges

page_text: of the paper, so that the accurate positioning of the papers longitudinally of the
enclosing wrapper is assured which is of great importance in this class of machines
in which successive papers are wrapped within a tube, and the tube then severed
between the papers, as a paper out of position longitudinally of the wrapper is liable
to be cut by the wrapper-severing mechanism.
This invention includes, further, improved devices for operating cutting and
similar blades, especially adapted for use as a severing mechanism in a machine
embodying the other features of the invention, but which may also be used in
machines of other classes.
For a full understanding of the invention, a detailed description will now be
given of a complete wrapping machine embodying the various features of the
invention in a preferred form, reference being had to the accompanying drawings
illustrating such a machine, and the features forming the invention will be after-
wards specifically pointed out in' the clainis.
In said drawings:-
JJ
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine, the near side of the frame being
removed, and parts being broken away.
Figure 2 is a partial plan view of the machine as shewn in Figure 1..
Figure 3 is an enlarged plan view of the paper-bending devices.
Figure 4 is a section taken on line 4 of Figure 3.
Figures 5 and 6 are enlarged cross sectional views taken on lines 5 and 6 respec-
tively, of Figure 1.
Figure 7 is an enlarged plan view of the severing mechanism and adjacent
feeding rolls.
Figure 8 is a section taken on line 8 of Figure 7; and,
Figures 9 and 10 are diagrammatical views showing different positions assumed
by the severing mechanism during the process of severing the wrapper tube
between the papers.
Referring to said drawings, the various parts of the machine are supported by
side frames A, B. The wrapper is drawn from a roll mounted in bearings 10
at the lower rear end of the machine, over a roll 11, where it receives a line of
paste near one edge from a paste disk 12, mounted to rotate in a paste fountain 13.
The wrapper is then led upward past a roll 14, and over a roll 15 in the upper
part of the machine, from which it passes downward to a longitudinal folder, by
which its sides or edges are turned up to stand at about right angles with its
central portion. This folder consists of an internal folder F, consisting of angularly
arranged internal guides or turning edges 21, 22, and a horizontal guide or turning
edge 23, connecting the lower ends of the guides 21, 22,-external folders or
turners 25, 26 being also preferably provided. The edges of the wrapper are
turned up about the guides 21, 22, by the external turners 25, 26, so as to stand
at about right angles to the middle portion of the wrapper which is turned about
the horizontal guide 23, so that the now partially folded wrapper advances in a
direction at an angle to that in which it moved before, so that all parts of the
wrapper travel practically in the same distance, and therefore are held under the
same tension, as is well understood to be desirable in the art of folding paper by
means of longitudinal folders having angularly-arranged internal guides. The
folding of the wrapper to form a tube is completed by a pair of folding guides 27,
28, set at converging angles in a plane parallel with the plane in which the middle
portion of the wrapper moves during and after the time at which it is acted upon
by said folding guides. But these horizontal folders 27 and 28 are placed some
distance beyond the internal folder F and the external turners 25 and 26, so as to
leave space between the point where the edges of the wrapper are folded up and
the point where the folding is completed, for paper feeding-mechanism for feeding
the papers onto the middle portion of the partially-folded wrapper.
The internal folder F is preferably formed of a metal plate 2, which is bent
to form the guides 21, 22, 23, and is preferably extended beyond the bent edges
forming said guides, to form the side plates 31 and 32 and bottom plate 33 of a

page_text: trough or box about which the paper is advanced to the folding guides 27 and 28,
and in and above which are located paper-holding and feeding devices constructed
substantially as follows:-
:—
The papers y are supported between the side plates 31, and 32, and a plate 35,
forming the front of the paper holder thus formed, by a slatted bottom 36, between
the slats of which move paper advancing lugs 37 on endless belts or sprocket
chains 38, by which the papers are fed forward beneath the front plate 35, which is
of a proper length to allow one paper at a time to be fed forward beneath it. The
two outside slats s of the bottom 36 are extended backward, and are supported by
depending arms 39, 40, from cross-bars 41 extending between the sides of the
machine above the side plates 31, 32, so as to clear the upturned edges of the
wrapper as it passes through the machine.
The sprocket chains 38 turn on sprockets 43 and 44 carried by shafts 45 and 46,
respectively, journalled in the outside slats s of the bottom 36, and are driven from
a shaft 47 through an intermediate 48 meshing with a gear 49 on the shaft 47,
and with a gear on the sprocket shaft 46. The slats forming the bottom 36 are
set at an angle to the bottom plate, and, for the sake of economizing space, pre-
ferably extend only a little past the middle of the length of the papers, as they
lie in the holder, the sprocket shaft 45 being mounted near the forward end of
the bottom.
As the paper is fed forward from the paper-holder, its forward end drops to the
bottom plate 33, and, on its further forward movement, is engaged by a feeding
roll 50, which is carried by arms 51 depending from a cross bar 52, extending
between the side frames of the machine above the side plates 31 and 32, so as to
clear the upturned edges of the wrapper, and which roll is driven from a trans-
verse shaft 53 through an intermediate 54 on a stud carried by one of the arms 51,
and meshing with a gear 55 on said shaft, and with a gear on the shaft of the
roll 50. The shaft 53 is journalled in the side frames, and extends across the
machine, above the side plates 31 and 32 and the upturned edges of the wrapper.
A feeding and supporting roll 56 carried by a shaft journalled in brackets 57
mounted at either side of the machine, co-acts with the roll 50 from beneath, the
bottom plate being cut away, as shown, so that the paper comes directly in contact
with the middle portion of the wrapper at this point, and the papers and wrapper
are fed forward by means of these rolls 50 and 56, bearing respectively against the
upper side of the paper and the under-side of the wrapper. Then, as the wrapper
is further advanced through the machine with the papers placed successively in
position over its middle portion, the folding of the wrapper to form the wrapper
tube is completed, the edges of the wrapper being turned down over the papers by
means of the horizontal folding guides 27 and 28.
The side plates 31 and 32 terminate just in the rear of the folding guides 27
and 28, the ends of the plates forming internal supporting and bearing guides or
edges 61, 62 for the wrapper, as it is turned inward and downward by the guides 27
and 28. The ends of the plates are preferably turned or rounded slightly inward,
so as to provide rounded bearing guides, as shown in Figure 2. From the point
where this second part of the folding operation begins, the wrapper is advanced
in a direction at a slight angle to that in which it moved beneath the bottom
plate 33, this angle and the angle at which the horizontal guides 27 and 28 are set,
and the inclination of the internal guiding edges 61 and 62, being relatively such,
that each part of the wrapper will travel the same distance.
For the purpose of securing a tight fit of the wrapper about the paper, there is
preferably provided a suitable conforming device for bending the paper trans-
versely at the time the wrapper tube is being formed about it, so that the distance
around the paper at that time will be slightly less than the distance around it
when it is in a flat position. For this purpose, there is provided, in the machine
illustrated in the drawings, a float 70. having its upper surface plane, and its lower
surface curved transversely, so that it shall be plano-convex in cross section, the
bottom surface of the float being also tapered upward at each end. The papers,

page_text: as they are advanced upon the middle portion of the wrapper, pass beneath this
float, while the edges of the wrapper are turned down upon the upper surface
thereof; and the paper is bent up at its edges, so as to conform to the curved
under surface of the float by means of guides 71, 72, at either side, which guides
are preferably curved to correspond with the curve of the under surface of the
float, and provided with upwardly extending edge-guiding side flanges 73, 74.
The float 70 is supported at its rear end by depending arms 75 from a cross-bar 76,
extending between the side frames A, B, above the upturned edges of the wrapper.
Feeding rolls 78, 80, engage the under side of the middle portion of the wrapper,
between the guides 71 72. A feeding roll 79, carried by depending arms 82 from
the cross bar 76, co-acts with the feeding roll 78, acting through an opening in
the float 70, to engage the upper surface of the papers as they are advanced
beneath the forward end of the float; and a feeding roll 81 engages the upper
surface of the edges of the wrapper, after they have been turned down over the
float.
As the wrapper tube with the enclosed papers advances beyond the conforming
device, it is engaged by a pair of feeding and pressing rolls 84 and 85, by which
the papers are Hattened, which causes the wrapper tube to be drawn tightly about
the papers.
A pair of final feeding and pressing and delivery rolls 86 and 87 are
preferably provided beyond the rolls 84, 85, suitable severing mechanism being
preferably provided to sever the wrapper tube between the successive papers, as
they are advanced from the rolls 84, 85, to the rolls 86, 87.
As the pasted seam of the wrapper is subjected to a considerable strain by the
flattening out of the papers by the rolls 86 and 87, there is preferably provided
means for drying the seam while the paper is still in its bent position, thereby
avoiding the necessity of lengthening the bending or conforming device to such an
extent as would otherwise be necessary to allow the seam to dry sufficiently to
withstand such a strain before the papers are flattened. For this purpose, there is
provided, in the preferred construction shown, a steam pipe 90, having a flattened
surface extending for, a sufficient distance just above the float beyond the folders 27
and 28, to cause a sufficient drying of the pasted seam, as it is advanced beneath
and in contact therewith. This drying pipe preferably extends down around the
rear side of the shaft of the roll 81, then forward beneath said shaft, and up in
front of the shaft of the roll 85, the rolls 81 and 85 being cut away, as shown in
be held in contact with the under surface of the same pipe, as the wrapper is
Figure 3, to accommodate said pipe. In order that the seam of the wrapper may
advanced beneath it, the upper surface of the float 70 is cut away beneath the
steam pipe, and one or more springs 91 are provided to bear against the under side
of the wrapper seam, which springs hold the seam against the under side of the
paper, without causing unnecessary friction between the wrapper and steam pipe,
by which the movement of the wrapper would be retarded. The steam pipe 90
may be connected by any suitable connections with a suitable steam supply.
The machine is preferably provided with means for cutting the wrapper tube
between the successive papers, as the tube with its enclosed papers is advanced from
the wrapping devices. Any suitable severing device may be employed for this
purpose. There is shown a convenient form of severing mechanism, which in itself
constitutes a feature of the invention, and which, in the preferred form, is
constructed substantially as follows:-
Co-acting severing blades 100 and 101 are carried by shafts 102 and 103
respectively, on above and one below the line of movement of the wrapped papers.
The shaft 102 is carried by brackets or carriers a, a, at either side of the machine.
The carriers a, are each carried by two equal and parallel crank arms b, each of
which crank arms b is carried by a stud c journalled in the side frames of the
machine, and each of which studs is provided with a gear d. Intermediates e
connect the gears of each pair of studs c, and each pair of studs is driven from a
gear on the shaft of the roll 84 through an intermediate g meshing with one of
the gears d of each pair; whereby the cranks b, carrying the brackets a, are caused

page_text: to rotate in unison. The carriers a, a, and the severing blade 100 carried thereby,
are thus given a rotary movement of constant parallelism, being moved through
a circular path, and occupying at all periods of their movement positions parallel
with the position they occupy at any period. The severing blade is, therefore, in
the machine shown, maintained constantly in a vertical position while being moved
through a course which carries it into the path of the horizontally moving papers.
Similarly, the shaft 103 is carried by brackets or carriers a', a¹, at either side of
the machine; and these carriers are each carried by two equal and parallel crank
arms b¹, each of which crank arms is carried by a stud e¹ journalled in the side
frame of the machine, and each of which studs is provided with a gear.
Intermediates el connect the gears d' of each pair of studs c', and each pair of studs
is driven from a gear f' on the shaft of the roll 85 through an intermediate g¹,
meshing with one of the gears of each pair.
It will thus be seen, that the cranks carrying the carriers a, a, and a¹, a¹, being
caused to rotate in the proper directions, as indicated by arrows in Figures 8 to 10,
and at the proper speed, the severing blades 100 and 101 will be given a circular
movement, whereby, when they are approaching each other, they will move in the
same direction, and at about the same speed as the wrapped paper. But, as
this longitudinal movement of the blades is not exactly uniform, and it cannot
be made to correspond exactly with the movement of the papers, and especially with
quite thick papers, the cutting blades may bind upon the end of the paper in
advance of the blades, or that behind the blades, according to the relative speeds
of the blades and papers. The blades, are, therefore, preferably mounted so that
they may have a slight movement longitudinally of the movement of the papers
against a yielding tension, by which they are held in their normal positions. For
this purpose, the shafts 102, 103 are preferably pivotally mounted in their carrying
brackets a, a, and a¹, a¹, respectively, and are held so as to maintain the blades in
their normal vertical positions, preferably by means of centreing springs 91,
extending in either direction from arms 104 and 105, on the shafts 102 and 103
respectively, to the brackets a and a¹ respectively. The severing blades are thus
free to yield slightly, if struck by the end of the paper.
The action of the severing blades constructed as above described will be readily
understood by reference to Figures 8, 9, and 10,-Figure 8 showing the position
of the severing blades and their supporting parts, as the blades are just coming
in contact with the wrapper tube between two successive papers;-Figure 9 show-
ing the position of the parts when the blades have been advanced to the full
extent of their movement toward each other, and have completely severed the
wrapper tube and Figure 10 showing the blades as they are being withdrawn
from between the papers, after having severed the wrapper, by the continued
rotation of the carrying crank arms; and showing the blades as moved slightly out
of their normal vertical positions by the forward end of one of the papers, on
account of the horizontal or longitudinal movement of the blades at this point being
less than that of the papers.
It is evident that the means for securing the desired movement of the severing
blades, as above described, may vary greatly from that shown. Thus, instead of
the blades being mounted in brackets which are each carried by. two equal and
parallel crank arms, as in the construction shown, they may be rotatably mounted
in single crank arms, or in a cylinder, and controlled by suitable gears to maintain
them in positions of constant parallelism during their movement of rotation, in the
manner well understood for obtaining the desired rotary movement of constant
parallelism. It is to be understood, therefore, that any other suitable means than
that shown may be used for securing the desired movement of the severing
blades. The means shown, however, is preferred, and in itself forms a feature of
the invention.
The wrapped and severed papers may be delivered by the rolls 86 and 87 to any
suitable receptacle, or onto a suitably arranged carrying belt, by which they may be

page_text: carried to a convenient receptacle. They are shown as being delivered upon such
a carrying belt 95.
The various moving paris of the machine are driven from a longitudinally
arranged driving shaft 110, said shaft carrying hevilled gears 121, 122, 123.
engaging bevilled gears 131, 132, 183, on the ends of the shafts of the
rolls 87, 85, 81, respectively. The shafts of the rolls 86, 84, and 80, carry gears
meshing with gears on the shafts of the rolls 87, 85, and 81, respectively. The
shafts 53 and 47 are driven from an inclined longitudinal shaft 111, carrying
bevilled gears 124 and 125 engaging bevilled gears 134 and 135 on the ends of
said shafts, said shaft 111 being driven from the shaft 110 through bevilled
gears 123, 133, and 112. The shaft of the roll 56 is driven from a gear 113 on
the transverse shaft 53, through intermediates 114 and 115, the gear 115 meshing
with a gear 116 on the shaft of the roll 56; and the shaft of the roll 78 carries
a gear 117, and is driven from the gear 113 on the shaft 53 through the train of
gears 114, 115, 118, and 119.
It will be understood that many modifications may be made in the construction
shown, without departing from the invention, and that the various features of the
invention may be embodied in machines differing widely in construction and
method of operation from that shown.
The improved severing mechanism may be employed wherever it is desired to cut
moving tubes or other papers or bodies, being especially useful where it is necessary
to cut through a considerable distance, as in the case of severing a wrapping tube
between the articles wrapped. Certain features of this mechanism may be used also
with blades used for other purposes than cutting, such as folding blades and tucking
blades, and it will be understood that the claims, which are not limited to any
particular class of blades, are intended to cover such uses
By the phrase, “rotary movement of constant parallelism," used in the claims
to define the movement of the severing blades, is meant, that the severing blade is
moved through a circular path, while occupying at all periods of its movement,
positions substantially parallel with its original positions, or remaining constantly
parallel with a given plane.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed (as communicated to
me from abroad), I declare that what I claim is:-
1. The combination with means for turning the edges of a wrapper up to form
a trough, and then folding them down, to overlap over the middle portion of the
wrapper, of means, independent of the wrapper, for feeding the articles to be
wrapped in the direction of the movement of the wrapper, and upon the middle
portion of the wrapper, after the edges of the wrapper have been turned up, and
before the edges are turned down to complete the tube, substantially as described.
2. The combination of means for turning the edges of a wrapper up to form a
trough, means for folding the upturned edges of the wrapper down to complete
the wrapper tube, and feeding devices located between the paths of the upturned
edges of the wrapper, for feeding the articles to be wrapped in the direction of
the movement of the wrapper, onto the middle portion of the wrapper, substantially
as described.
3. The combination of means for turning the edges of a wrapper up to form a
trough, means for folding the upturned edges of the wrapper down, to complete
the wrapper tube, and feeding devices for the articles to be wrapped, located
between the paths of the upturned edges of the wrapper comprising a holder,
and means for advancing the articles successively from the holder in the direction
of the movement of the wrapper, onto the middle portion of the wrapper,
substantially as described.
4. The combination of means for turning the edges of a wrapper up to form a
trough, means for folding the upturned edges of the wrapper down, to complete
the wrapper tube, means for feeding articles to be wrapped successively onto the

page_text: middle portion of the wrapper, and a feeding roll 50 between the paths of the
upturned edges of the wrapper, substantially as described.
5. The combination of an internal folder f, having converging guides 21 and 22
and a horizontal guide 23, and external turners, whereby the edges of a wrapper
are turned up to form a trough, longitudinal folders 27 and 28 by which the
upturned edges of the wrapper are folded down to complete the wrapper tube,
and feeeding mechanism for the articles to be wrapped, located between the internal
folder and the folders 27 and 28, and acting to feed the articles in the direction
of movement of the wrapper and onto the middle portion of the wrapper,
substantially as described.
6. The combination of an internal folder F, formed of a metal plate bent to form
converging guides 21 and 22 and a horizontal guide 23, and extended beyond the
guides 21, 22, and 23, to form the side plates 31 and 32, and the bottom plate 33,
respectively, and longitudinal folders 27 and 28, beyond the side plates 31 and 32,
acting to feed the articles in the direction of movement of the wrapper, and onto
the middle portion of the wrapper, substantially as described.
7. The combination of means for turning the edges of a wrapper up to form a
trough, longitudinal folders 27 and 28 by which the upturned edges of the wrapper
are folded down to complete the wrapper tube, a feeding roll 50 engaging the
upper surface of the articles to be wrapped, as they are advanced between the
upturned edges of the wrapper to the longitudinal folders, and a roll 56 co-acting
with the roll 50, substantially as described.
8. The combination with an internal folder, I having converging guides 21
and 22, and a horizontal guide 23, external turners 25 and 26, and longitudinal
folders 27 and 28, of side plates 31 and 32 between the internal folder and the
folders 27 and 28, a holder for the articles to be wrapped, formed by the said side
plates and a front plate 35, and a slatted bottom 36 supported by depending
arms 39, 40, advancing lugs carried by sprocket chains moving between the slats
of said bottom, and turning on sprocket wheels journalled in said bottom, and a
feeding roll 50, substantially as described.
9. The combination with longitudinal folding devices for folding a wrapper to
form a tube about the article to be wrapped, of means for bending the article
transversely while the edges of the wrapper are folded to overlap thereon and
secured by paste, and means for drying the pasted seam of the wrapper while the
article is still bent, substantially as described.
10. The combination with longitudinal folding devices for folding a wrapper
to form a tube about the article to be wrapped, of a longitudinal float 70, having
a plain upper surface and a transversely convex lower surface, and guides 71 and 72,
whereby the article is bent transversely while the edges of the wrapper are folded
to overlap above the float 70 and secured by paste, a drying surface above the float,
beyond the point where the folding of the wrapper is completed, substantially as
described.
11. The combination with longitudinal folding devices for folding a wrapper to
form a tube about the articles to be wrapped, of a longitudinal float 70 and guides 71
and 72, whereby the article is bent transversely, while the edges of the wrapper
are folded to overlap above the float 70, and secured by paste, a steam drying
pipe above the float beyond the point where the folding of the wrapper is
completed, springs 91 whereby the wrapper seam is held in contact with the steam
pipe, and a pair of feeding and pressing rolls whereby the wrapped article is
flattened, substantially as described.
.
12. The combination with feeding devices for advancing a wrapper tube with
articles therein longitudinally of the wrapper tube, of coacting transverse severing
blades, and means for giving said blades opposite rotary movements of constant
parallelism, substantially as described.
13. The combination with feeding devices for advancing a wrapper tube with
articles therein longitudinally of the wrapper tube, of coacting transverse severing
blades mounted in carriers, and held under yielding tension against movement

page_text: longitudinally of the movement of the wrapper tube, and means for giving the
carriers for the two blades, respectively, opposite rotary movement of constant
parallelism, substantially as described.
14. The combination of co-acting cutting blades, and means for giving said
blades opposite rotary movements of constant parallelism, whereby the blades are
caused to move in the direction of the movement of the article to be cut, during the
cutting operation, substantially as described.
15. The combination of a blade mounted in a carrier, and held under yielding
tension against movement longitudinally of the movement of the material to be
acted upon, and means for giving the carrier à rotary movement of constant
parallelism, substantially as described.
16. The combination of a transverse severing blade, carriers in which said blade
is pivotally mounted, each of said carriers being pivotally mounted on two equal
and parallel crank arms, centering springs 19 for said-blade, and means for rotating
said crank arms in unison, substantially as described..
17. The combination of the internal folder F, having converging guides 21 and 22
and a horizontal guide 23, external turners-25 and 26, longitudinal folders 27
and 28, and internal guides 61 and 62, substantially as described.
18. The combination of the float 70, longitudinal folders 27 and 28, and feeding
disk 79, acting through an opening in said-float between said folders 27. and 28,
substantially as described.
19. The combination of the float 70, having a plane upper surface and a trans-
versely curved under surface, guides 71 and 72, feeding disk 79, acting through an
opening in the float 70, and feeding roll 78 coacting with the disk 79. between the
guides 71 and 72, substantially as described.
20. A wrapping machine constructed and operating substantially as shown and
described.
21. Severing mechanism constructed and operating substantially as shown and
described.
Dated this 11th day of April 1899