A GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WHEELS FOR ALL MANNER OF CARRIAGES, AND WHICH INVEN- TION AND IMPROVEMENT CONSISTED OF FOUR PARTS, VIZ, FIRST, IN THE BOXES; SECONDLY, IN THE NAVES OR STOCKS; THIRDLY, IN THE SPOKES; AND, FOURTHLY, IN THE SECURING THE REEMS OF THE WHEELS
Year: 1775

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WALTER
TAYLOR, of the Town of Southampton, Block Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said Walter Taylor, did, by my Petition, humbly
represent unto His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
that I had, with great labour, study, and application, and after many
expensive experiments, found out and invented "A GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WHEELS FOR ALL MANNER OF CARRIAGES, AND WHICH INVEN-
TION AND IMPROVEMENT CONSISTED OF FOUR PARTS, VIZ, FIRST, IN THE BOXES;
SECONDLY, IN THE NAVES OR STOCKS; THIRDLY, IN THE SPOKES; AND, FOURTHLY, IN
THE SECURING THE REEMS OF THE WHEELS;" that each part being usefull, and a
much greater abatement of friction is thereby occasioned on the axletree than
had hitherto been found out, which would be of great publick utility; that by
means of the said Invention and improvement the wheels would be much more
durable, and run much lighter, which, of consequence, would be a great
saving to the publick in the above several articles thereof; I did therefore
most humbly pray His said Majesty to grant unto me, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, His Royal Letters Patent for the sole making,
using, and vending my said new Invention in that part of His Majesty's
Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for the term of fourteen years, according
to the form of the Statute in that case made and provided; in order thereby to
secure to me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, the full benefit
and advantage of the said Invention, His said Majesty, taking the premisses
into His Royal consideration, and being willing to give encouragement to all
arts and inventions which might be for the public good, was most graciously
pleased to condescend to my said request, and, therefore His said Majesty, by.
His Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth

page_text: day of November, in the sixteenth year of His reign, of His especial grace,
certain knowledge, and meer motion, did, for Him, His heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Walter Taylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority,
that I, the said Walter Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and every of us, by myself and ourselves, or by mine and our deputy or
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said Walter Taylor,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend my said Invention within that part of His Majesty's
Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me, the said Walter
Taylor, my executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of us, should in
our discretion seem meet, and that I, the said Walter Taylor, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should and lawfully might have and
enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to
time coming, growing, accrewing, and arising by reason of the said Invention,
for and during the term of years therein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise,
and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages therein-before
granted or mentioned to be granted unto me, the said Walter Taylor, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, for and during and unto the full end
and term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent from thence
next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be compleat and ended, according
to the Statute in such case made and provided; in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that if I, the said Walter Taylor, should not parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all
liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease,
determine, and become void, anything therein-before contained to the con-
trary thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the said recited
Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Walter Taylor, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, in manner and form
following (that is to say) :-
:

page_text: The improvement in the constructing of wheels for all kinds of carriages
consists of four parts :-
First, in the boxes, by two slides passing through grooves into the inner end
of the naves or stocks and boxes, which slides clasp round a groove formed in
the arm of the axeltree for that purpose, and which said slides meet so as to
form a close joint. The said slides not only keep the wheels on its axis, but
also prevent dirt getting into the boxes, and the oil or grease which is put
into the boxes of the wheels from getting out again, which boxes, when cast
close, or stop at the outer end of the same, should have one or more screw or
screws thro' the naves or stocks and boxes that go into a groove in the axeltree
arm, which is an additional security to keep the wheel on its axis, and the
naves or stocks and boxes together, and also admitts the oil into the boxes.
Secondly, in the naves or stocks. The naves or stocks are made of wood,
iron, or other metal, into which the spokes are screwed or fastened, (if made of
wood it must be thro' an iron hoop, and which must be fixt on the said
naves or stocks for that purpose,) between flanches, with nutts and screws
or rivets.
Thirdly and fourthly, in the spokes, and in the securing the reems of the
wheels. The spokes are made of iron or other metal as well as wood. If
made of iron or metal, they should be fastened to the fellies or reems of the
wheels by an iron hoop or pieces of iron, that go round the under part of the
fellies or reems of the wheels, thro' which the spokes are screwed or rivetted,
and to which the fellies or reems of the wheels are also fastened; or the spokes
may be made by a separate flap or strap being put at one end of the spoke, by
which the same is fastened to the fellies or reems of the wheels by screws or
rivets. The fellies or reems of the wheels may be further secured by a
circular piece or pieces of iron grooved in each side of the said fellies or reems
of the wheels, and the whole rivetted or screwed together.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of March, in the sixteenth year of
the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, and in the year of
our Lord One thousand seven hundred and seventy-six.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that the Twenty-eighth day of March, in
the said sixteenth year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third,
the aforesaid Walter Taylor came before our said Lord the King in His
Chancery, and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument
aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the Statute made in the sixth
year of the reign of the late King William and Queen Mary of England, and
Inrolled the said Twenty-eighth day of March, in the year above
written.