AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR SHARPENING THE CARDS USED IN CARDING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Jamieson, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, William Robinson, of Glossop, in the
County of Derby, Mill Manager, and Cordingley Rowbottom, also of
Glossop, in the County of Derby, Carder, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR SHARPENING
THE CARDS USED IN CARDING FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 12th April 1861, and dated the 20th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Jamieson,
William Robinson, and Cordingley Rowbottom at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th October
1860.
We, WILLIAM JAMIESON, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, WILLIAM ROBINSON, of Glossop, in the County of Derby, Mill
Manager, and CORDINGLEY ROWBOTTOM, also of Glossop, in the County of
Derby, Carder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR SHARPENING THE
CARDS USED IN CARDING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
It consists in an improved mode of sharpening or finishing the sharpening of
the cards used on the swift cylinders of carding engines. A grinding cylinder
(covered with coarse emery) of the usual construction is used. The swift
cylinder being put in motion, the grinding cylinder is brought into contact with

page_text: the wire; a quick traversing motion is given to the grinding cylinder, whilst
at the same time a very slow or barely perceptible motion on its axis is also
given to it. This we effect in the following manner:-On one end of the axis
of the grinding roller (prolonged for that purpose) is placed a pulley, which
runs loose upon it. To this pulley a rotatory motion is given in the usual
manner by a band or strap. On the boss of the pulley is a worm, which gives
motion to a worm wheel on a short shaft at right angles to the grinding roller
axis. At one end of this shaft is a small crank or eccentric, and there is also
upon it a small spur wheel, which takes into another spur wheel on another
short shaft parallel to the first one. On this second shaft is a worm, which
takes into a worm wheel on the axis of the grinding roller, to which any degree
of slow rotatory motion is thus communicated. These two short shafts are
supported in a small sliding box, which depends from the grinding roller axis,
by means of two filbows, one of which plays upon the boss of the pulley before
mentioned.
From the crank or, eccentric before mentioned proceeds a connecting rod to a
stud on the fixing which supports the grinding roller axis from the bend of
the carding engine. The pulley being put in motion by the band or strap, a
traversing motion is thus given to the grinding roller, which at the same time
receives a slow rotatory motion on its axis.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise details of the mechanism here
given, as these may be varied without departing from the principle and mode
of action of our Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Jamieson, William Robinson, and Cordingley
Rowbottom in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th April
1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we; WILLIAM
JAMIESON, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist;
WILLIAM ROBINSON, of Glossop, in the County of Derby, Mill Manager, and
CORDINGLEY ROWBOTTOM, also of Glossop, in the County of Derby, Carder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said

page_text: William Jamieson, William Robinson, and Cordingley Rowbottom, Her
special license that we, the said William Jamieson, William Robinson, and
Cordingley Rowbottom, our, executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said William Jamieson, William Robinson, and Cordingley
Rowbottom, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR SHARPENING THE CARDS USED IN CARDING.
FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said
William Jamieson, William Robinson, and Cordingley Rowbottom, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their,
or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Jamieson, William Robinson,
and Cordingley Rowbottom, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and the accom-
panying Drawing (that is to say) :-
:-
Our Invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for grinding,
sharpening, or finishing the sharpening of the wire cards used on the swift
cylinders, doffers, and rollers of carding engines for carding fibrous materials.
For this purpose we employ a grinding cylinder or roller, covered with coarse
emery, of the usual construction, to which, when in use, we give a comparatively
rapid traversing motion lengthwise, whilst at the same time a comparatively.
slow or barely perceptible motion on its axis is also given to it.
In order to make our Invention more clearly understood, we have hereunto
annexed a Sheet of Drawings, to which the following description relates, in
which the same letters of reference or letters and figures conjoined indicate the
same parts.
Fig. 1 represents a side view of an apparatus in which our improvements
are applied to a grinding roller for grinding or sharpening the cards on the
swift cylinders and doffers of carding engines; and Fig. 2, another side view
of the same, in which the side plate is removed in order to shew the internal.
construction.

page_text: a, a, a portion of the grinding roller; a', a', axis of the same; a³, a²,
bearing, in which the axis a', a' is supported; a³, as, adjustable fixing, on
the top of which rests the bearing a², a', and which is itself supported from the
framework of the carding engine. The axis at the other end of the grinding
roller is supported in the same manner, and by these means when in operation
the grinding roller is adjusted to act on the wire of the swift cylinder or
doffer.
The apparatus so far described is of the ordinary and usual construction.,
b, b, a small box or moveable piece of framework, which depends from the
grinding roller axis a¹, a', by means of the two filbows b¹ and 62; c, c, a pulley,
constructed to receive motion by means of a band or strap, as may be required;.
it runs loose on the axis a¹, a', and is fixed on a boss, which passes through
the filbow b¹ this boss is attached to the double-threaded worm c¹, which.
takes into the worm wheel c2, fixed on a short axis, which passes through both.
sides of the box 6; on this short axis is a pinion, which takes into the wheel d
(of double the diameter), which runs loose on a pin or stud, which passes:
through both sides of the box b. On the boss of the wheel d. is the worm d¹,;
which takes into the worm wheel d², which is firmly fixed on the axis a¹, a¹, of:
the grinding roller a, a, to which a comparatively slow motion on its axis.is
thus given. On one extremity of the short axis of the worm wheel is fixed.
the heart wheel, or cam, or excentric c³, which plays betwixt two pins 65 and 66.
on the flat sliding rod 6, which is attached at the other end to another flat,
rod b', which passes through the box b, b, and is attached to the bearing a², a²,
by means of a filbow. By this means, at each revolution of the heart wheel c',
a vibratory or traversing motion backwards and forwards is given to the box b,
and as the box b is prevented from sliding on the axis a¹ by the worm wheel d²
(fixed upon it), the same vibratory or traversing motion is thus communicated
to the grinding roller a, a.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise details of the mechanism above.
described, as these may be varied; neither. do we confine ourselves to the.
exact calculation of the rotatory and vibratory motions given to the grinding
roller a, a, as shewn and described, but increase or diminish these as circum-.
stances may require.
Fig. 8 represents an end view of a machine to which our improvements are.
adapted, and applied to the purpose of grinding and sharpening the cards
on the smaller rollers used in carding engines; and Fig. 4, a side view of the
same.
.
e, e, e, e, main framework of the machine; e, e, cross rail; f,f,f.f, card
rollers placed in the position in which they are to be ground; .f', f', &c..

page_text: bearings, in which the axis of the rollers f, f, &c. are supported; f", f³, &c.,
adjustable screws or fixings, on the tops of which rest the bearings f¹³, f³, &c.;,
ff, &c., horse-shoe fixings, bolted to the upper rail of the framework e, e ;
in these the adjustable screws or fixings f³, f2, &c. are screwed or otherwise
attached, so that the card rollers f. f. f, f, can by these means be raised or
lowered at pleasure, and adjusted to the grinding rollers; 9, 9, 9, 9, four
grinding rollers, the axes of which are supported in bearings g', g', &c..attached
to a sliding frame g³, g²; this sliding frame is of a rectangular form, and is
supported in four mortise holes, two of which are shewn at g', g, in the cross
rail e, e, (the other two being in the opposite one,) by means of four tenons;
attached to it. The tenons are shorter than the mortise holes, by which con-
struction the necessary sliding motion of the frame g³, g, is permitted. 9', I'..
two curved brackets attached to the sliding frame g³, g; they pass underneath
the upper rail of the frame e, e, and carry the cross shaft g', g', which has on
it the four worms 95, 96, 9, 98, which take into the worm wheels g', I', I'‚ 9',.
fixed on the outer ends of the axis of the grinding rollers 9, 9, 9.9; g³, a worm
wheel on the cross shaft g³, 9, into which, takes the worm g', on the shaft
910, go, which is supported by two brackets from the sliding frame g², g'; g¹¹, a,
strap or band pulley fixed on the shaft 910; 91, 91, two heart wheels or,
eccentrics, one of which is fixed at each end of the cross shaft g³, g; they each
play betwixt two studs on two brackets g¹³, g¹³, attached to the framework e, e.
By this means the rotation of the cross shaft 95, 95, gives itself a vibratory or
traversing motion, which is, by means of the two curved brackets 9*, g', com-
municated to the sliding frame g³, 93, and consequently to the grinding rollers
9,9, 9, 9, which at the same time receive a slow motion on their axes by means
of the worm wheels g', g', g, g', and worms 96, 96, 98, 9: h, h, first motion
shaft of the machine; h², h¹, fast and loose pulleys; h², strap or band pulley,
from which two or more of the card rollers f.f.f.f, are put in rapid motion by
a strap or band, which passes over the pulley f'; h, another shaft, put in
motion from the shaft h, h, by means of the spur wheels h*, h; it has on it át
the other end a strap or band pulley similar to the pulley h', by which part of
the card rollers f.ff.f; are actuated in the same manner; h³, a strap or band
pulley on the shaft h, which, by means of a strap or band which passes over
the pulley g, the shaft g₁ is actuated. By this means, whilst a rapid vibratory
or traversing motion is given to the grinding rollers'g, 9, 9, 9, a very slow
rotatory motion is also given to them.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise details of the mechanism above
described, as these may be varied; neither do we confine ourselves to the
exact calculation of the rotatory and vibratory motions given to the grinding

page_text: roller g, g, g, g, as shewn and described, but increase or diminish these as
circumstances may require..
The object being to supersede the use of hand strickles in grinding cards,
and obviate the inconvenience and defects attending the use of the sanic, these
advantages are effectually attained by our present Invention.
Ilaving thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we claim as new
and of our Invention is as follows:-
i
First, we claim the application and adaptation to grinding rollers the com-
bination of mechanism for giving a quick, vibratory, or traversing motion, and
at the same time a very slow or barely perceptible rotatory motion on their
axes to the said grinding rollers, as herein described.
Second, we claim the application and adaptation of the apparatus shewn in
Figs. 1 and 2, to grinding rollers for grinding and sharpening the cards on the
swift cylinders and doffers of carding engines, as herein described..
Third, we claim the application, adaptation, and arrangement of the appa-.
ratus shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, to the purpose of grinding and sharpening the
cards on the smaller rollers used in carding engines, for carding fibrous;
materials, as herein described. :
In witness whereof, I, the said William Jamieson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
JOHN POTTER, C. E.,
4, Old Millgate,
Manchester.
WILLIAM JAMIESON. (L.S.)