Improvements in Driving and Stopping Mechanism for Spinning, Twisting, and similar Spindles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th June, 1896-Accepted, 11th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Driving and Stopping Mechanism for Spinning,
Twisting, and similar Spindles.
I, JOHN BOYD, of Shettleston Iron Works, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
My said invention comprises improvements designed for spinning, twisting and
similar machines in which the spindles have to be driven with great regularity and
with a minimum expenditure of power. The spindles are by preference driven by
flat woven or plaited tapes or bands but the mechanism may also be adapted for
driving and stopping spindles driven by round bands or cords.
In carrying out my present invention, in some cases, I, to some extent, adopt
stop motion mechanism and other details of kinds described in Patent Specifi-
cations No. 15,171 of 1884 and No. 19,184 of 1889 to operate satisfactorily in
combination with special details for guiding and tightening, or in some cases with
a device for guiding, tightening, slackening and stopping bands for the purpose of
driving and stopping spindles.
In one modification of my improved mechanism a continuously driven band
carried from the top of a centre cylinder and driving two or more spindles but by
preference two, one on each side of a machine, has a guiding and tightening pulley
suspended on the band as it passes under the cylinder, and instead of being carried
in the usual way by a lever the guiding pulley is carried by a carriage which is
made to slide easily on an adjustable double fork piece fixed to a stationary part
of the machine so that the pulley may be set in proper position and at proper
angle for guiding the band. The forked piece is by preference set about the
angle of 45° and the forks in a line with the centre of the cylinder.
The weight
of the guide pulley and of its sliding carriage, and of any additional weight
suspended to it if necessary, regulates and keeps an equal tension on the band the
sliding carriage rising and falling on its slide as the band varies in length which it
is very apt to do and so driving the spindles on each side with great regularity
and with a minimum expenditure of power. The tightening pulley being made
with a gudgeon on each side revolving in lubricated reservoir bearings formed in
the sliding carriage.
In a modification of my improved mechanism for stopping spindles by the knee
of the operator in which two spindles are driven by a continuously driven band,
the spindle is provided with a suitably shaped band driving pulley and immediately
below the driving pulley there is a dead surface or stationary part of the spindle
socket or bracket about the same diameter as the driving pulley. A convenient
knee brake is pivoted to the spindle socket or to a small bracket connected with it.
The knee brake is heavier at its front end and has a projecting inner arm provided
with band guide forks. When the knee brake is pressed inwards the driving band
s guided from the driving pulley of the spindle to the dead surface part provided
for it on the socket round which it slips and the brake at the same time stops the
pindle. When left to itself the brake falls away from the spindle and the driving
and is guided back to the spindle driving pulley. The dead surface part of the

page_text: socket on which the band slips when the spindle is stopped is by preference covered
with some anti-friction material, such as glass, stoneware or vulcanite, which will
not heat or cause much friction by the slipping of the band over its surface. The
knee brake also acts as a catch to prevent the spindle being lifted out of its socket
whether pressed inward or in its outward position.
When automatic stop-motion mechanism of the kind described in the earlier Specifi-
cation No. 15,171 of 1884, herein before referred to, is used with a continuously
driven band, driving two spindles, instead of the vertical rod being raised by a
counter weight lever, it is raised by the back end of a spring controlled spindle
brake and band shifting lever with which the vertical rod is adjustably connected,
by means of a screw pin screwed into the back end of the lever and made
with a crosshead to fit a gab in the bottom end of the vertical rod which
has also a transverse gab to keep it in its proper position above the lever.
This lever is fulcrumed on an upwardly projecting part of a bracket forming
part of or connected with the spindle socket the front end of the lever being
provided with band guide forks and a brake to act on a flange of the spindle
driving pulley, the brake also acting as a catch to prevent the spindle being lifted
out of its socket when doffing. The back end of the lever is formed to hold and
to guide the upper end of a compressed spiral spring, the lower end of the spring
being sustained by a slightly angled cross wire fixed in a back guiding piece of the
bracket forming part of or connected with the spindle socket. The angled cross
wire passes through between two coils of the spiral spring and the spring is made
The
long enough to project downwards beyond the cross wire and guide bracket.
spiral spring can be screwed upwards or downwards on the cross wire so as to
increase or diminish its upward pressure and also (which is very important) to
regulate the pressure of the brake on the running spindle so as to stop the spindle
more or less quickly as may be required. When the detectors connected with the
vertical rod act and the catch of the vertical rod is disengaged from its catch and
guiding piece on the main top rail, the compressed spiral spring acts on the under
side of the lever which will at once lift the vertical rod along with its detectors,
top feed roller and other details its required distance and the front end of the lever
will simultaneously shift the driving band from the spindle driving pulley as in the
former case to the dead surface part provided for it on the spindle socket and by
means of the brake stop the spindle quickly or slowly as may be required.
In another modification of my improved machinery when automatic stop motion
mechanism, of the kind described in the earlier Specification No. 15,171 of 1884
hereinbefore referred to, is used in combination with broad driving bands and
spindle driving pulleys of large diameter, each spindle has a driving band of its
own and the band when moved downwards from its spindle driving pulley to the
dead surface part on which it slips for the purpose of stopping the spindle is also
at the same time slackened and allowed to slip on its centre driving drum by
mechanism of the kind described in the earlier Specification No. 19,184 of 1889
herein before referred to. For this purpose the spindle rail socket casting in front
and at each side, is made of sufficient depth and about the same size as the driving
pulley. The rail socket has also an inwardly projecting part on which the lever
carrying the tightening pulley is fulerumed and also to guide the vertical rod.
It has also on one side of the machine downwardly projecting parts and on the
other side of the machine upwardly projecting open loops to guide and sustain the
driving band when stopping and starting the spindles and on one side of
the machine the tightening pulley holder has two upwardly projecting prongs for
the same purpose.
The back end of the lever which carries the tightening pulley
is made by preference in three parts with necessary adjustments so that each
pulley may be set in a proper position and angle necessary to guide the two driving
bands which dr.ve opposite spindles from the same central cylinder and also to
keep them clear of one another. The front end of the tightening pulley lever is
adjustably connected with the vertical rod. The vertical rod has a brake which,
when the detector mechanism acts, and the vertical rod is raised, comes in contact

page_text: with the under side of the flange of the driving pulley which is necessary in some
cases to stop the spindle more quickly.
Dated this 13th day of September 1895.
Improvements in Driving and Stopping Mechanism for Spinning,
Twisting, and similar Spindles.
I, JOHN BOYD, of Shettleston Iron Works, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manuer the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My said invention comprises improvements designed for spinning, twisting and
similar machines in which the spindles have to be driven with great regularity an 1
with a minimum expenditure of power. The spindles are by preference driven by
flat woven or plaited tapes or bands but the mechanism may also be adapted for
driving and stopping spindles driven by round bands or cords.
In carrying out my present invention, in some cases, I, to some extent,
adopt stop motion mechanism and other details of kinds described in Patent
Specifications No. 15,171 of 1884 and No. 19,184 of 1889 to operate satis-
factorily in combination with special details for guiding and tightening bands
for driving spindles or for driving and stopping spindles or in some cases with a
device for guiding, tightening, slackening and stopping bands for the purpose of
driving and stopping spindles.
Four sheets of explanatory drawings are hereunto appended to be hereafter
referred to in describing my present improvements.
In one modification of my improved mechanism shewn in explanatory drawings,
Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, a continuously driven band 21, is carried from the top
of a centre cylinder 22 and drives two or more spindles 23, but by preference two
as shewn on drawing, one on each side which are carried on longitudinal spindle
rails 24 of a machine of which only the centre cylinder 22 and the spindle rails 24
are shown. The band 21 has a guiding and tightening pulley 25 suspended on it
as it passes under the cylinder, and instead of being carried in the usual way by a
lever, the guiding pulley 25 is carried by a carriage 26 which is made to slide
easily on an adjustable double forked piece 27 fixed to a rod 28 which is a
stationary part of the machine. The double forked piece 27 has a gland
piece 29 which with a bolt and nut secures it to the fixed rod 28 so that the
pulley may be set in proper position and at proper angle for guiding the band.
Plan views of the guiding pulley 25 and its carriage 26 and the forked piece 27
are shewn in Figures 3, 4 and 5, Sheet 1. The forked piece 27 is by preference
set about the angle of 45° and the forks in a line with the centre of the cylinder.
The weight of the guide pulley 25 and of its sliding carriage 26 (and of any
additional weight suspended to it if necessary such as is shewn in hatched lines,
Figure 1, Sheet 1) regulates and keeps an equal tension on the band. The sliding
carriage 26 rises and falls on its slide 27 as the continuously driven band varies in
length, which it is very apt to do, and so drives the spindles 23-23 on each side
with great regularity and with a minimum expenditure of power, the tightening
pulley 25 being made with a gudgeon on each side revolving in lubricated reservoir
bearings formed in the sliding carriage. The tension of the band may also he
increased by moving the slide into a more vertical position as shewn in Figure 6,
Sheet 2. The forked piece 27 has a lateral projection at its upper end which
comes against a stop in the under side of the carriage to prevent the latter being
pulled off the slide when working.
In a modification of my improved mechanism for stopping spindles by the knee

page_text: of the operator in which two spindles are driven by a continuously driven band,
shewn in explanatory drawings, Figures 6 and 7, Sheet 2, the spindle 23 is
provided with a suitably shaped band driving pulley 30, and immediately below
the driving pulley there is a dead surface or stationary part of the spindle socket
or bracket 31, about the same diameter as the driving pulley. A convenient knee
brake 32 is pivoted to the spindle socket 33 or to a small bracket connected with it.
The knee brake is heavier at its front end and has a projecting inner arm provided
with band guide forks 34 and also an upwardly projecting hooked end 35 to
prevent the spindle being lifted out of its socket when doffing. When the knee
brake is pressed inwards as shewn on the right hand side of Figures 7 and 8,
Sheet 2, the driving band 21 is guided from the driving pulley 30 of the
spindle 23 to the dead surface part 31 provided for it on the socket round
which it slips and the brake 32 the projecting part 36 of which is made by
preference of wood or leather at the same time coming in contact with the
driving pulley 30 stops the spindle. When left to itself the brake 32 falls
away from the spindle 23 and in doing so the driving band 21 is guided back
to the spindle driving pulley 30 so as to set the spindle in motion as shewn on left
side of Figures 6 and 7. The dead surface part 31 of the socket on which the
band 21 slips when the spindle is stopped is by preference covered with some anti-
friction material such as glass, stoneware or vulcanite which will not heat or cause
much friction by the slipping of the band over its surface. The projecting
part 36 of the knce brake also acts as a catch to prevent the spindle being
lifted out of its socket when doffing when the brake 32 is pressed inwards as
shewn on the right hand side of Figure 6 when the spindle is stopped. The
upwardly projecting hooked end 35 acts for the same purpose when the knee
brake 32 is in its forward position as shewn on the left hand side of Figure 6
when the spindle is moving or when the whole machine is stopped.
When automatic stop motion mechanism of the kind described in the earlier
Specification No. 15,171 of 1884 herein before referred to, is used with a con-
tinuously driven band 21 driving two spindles 23, 23 Figures 10 and 11, Sheet 3,
and also Figures 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 which are detached views of various parts,
instead of the vertical rod 37 being raised by a counter weight lever it is raised by
the back end of a spring controlled spindle brake and band shifting lever 38 with
which the vertical rod is adjustably connected by means of a screw pin screwed
into the back end of the lever and made with a crosshead to fit a gab in the
bottom end of the vertical rod which has also a transverse gab to keep it in its
proper position above the lever or as shewn on the drawing a screwed pin may be
screwed into a projecting part 39 of the vertical rod also shewn in Figure 12
which is a section of the upright rod 37, and the crosshead of the pin is made to
engage with a transverse gab 40 formed on the inner end of the lever 38, the lever
having also a longitudinal opening 41 to receive a downwardly projecting part at
the bottom end of the vertical rod 37 so as to keep it in its proper place above the
lever. This lever is fulcrumed on an upwardly projecting part 42 of a bracket 43
forming part of or connected with the spindle socket, the front end of the lever 38
being provided with band guide forks 44 and a brake 45 to act on a flange of the
spindle driving pulley 30 the brake 45 also acting as a catch to prevent the spindle
being lifted out of its socket when doffing. The back or inner end of the lever 38
is also formed with a part 47 to hold and to guide the upper end of a compressed
spiral spring 48 the lower end of the spring being sustained by a slightly angled
cross wire 49 secured at both ends in a back guiding piece 50 of the bracket 43
forming part of or connected with the spindle socket. The angled cross wire 49
passes through between two coils of the spiral spring 48 and the spring is made
long enough to project downwards beyond the cross wire and guide bracket. The
spiral spring can be screwed upwards or downwards on the cross wire 49 so as to
increase or diminish its upward pressure and also (which is very important) to
regulate the pressure of the brake 45 on the running spindle 23 so as to stop the
spindle more or less quickly as may be required. When the detectors connected

page_text: with the stop motion mechanism of the vertical rod 37 act and the catch of the
vertical rod is disengaged from its catch and guiding piece on the main top rail
the compressed spiral spring 48 acts on the under side of the lever 38 which will
at once lift the vertical rod 37 along with its detectors, top feed rollers and other
details its required distance and by the guide forks 44 at the front end of the
lever 38 will simultaneously shift the driving band 21 from the spindle driving
pulley 30 as in the former case to the dead surface part 31 provided for it on the
spindle socket 43 and by means of the brake 45 will stop the spindle 25 quickly
or slowly as may be required.
In another modification of my improved machinery Figures 17 and 18, Sheet 4,
stop motion mechanism of the kind described in the earlier Specification No. 15,171
of 1884 hereinbefore referred to is used in combination with broad driving bands 51
and spindle driving pulleys of large diameter 52. Each spindle has a driving
band 51 of its own and the band when moved downwards from its spindle
driving pulley 52 to the dead surface part 53, on which it slips for the purpose
of stopping the spindle, is also at the same time slackened and allowed to slip on its
centre driving drum 54 by mechanism of the kind described in the earlier
Specification No. 19,184 of 1889, herein before referred to.
For this purpose
the spindle rail socket casting 55, in front and at each side, is made of sufficient
depth and about the same diameter as the driving pulley. The rail socket 55 has
also an inwardly projecting part 56 on which the weight lever 57 carrying the
tightening pulley 58 is fulcrumed and also to guide the bottom end of the vertical
rod 59. The rail socket bracket 55 has also on one side of the machine down-
wardly projecting parts 60 and on the other side of the machine upwardly
projecting open loops 61 to guide and sustain the driving band 51 when stopping
and starting the spindles and on one side of the machine the belt tightening pulley
lever 57 has two upwardly projecting prongs 62 for the same purpose.
end of the lever 57 which carries the tightening pulley is made by preference in
three parts and with necessary adjustment which is more necessary in machines in
which the spindles require to be driven to right or left so that each pulley 58 may
be set in proper position and angle necessary to guide the two driving bands which
drive opposite spindles 52 from the same central cylinder and also to keep the
belts clear of one another. The front end 63 of the tightening pulley lever 57 is
adjustably connected with the vertical rod 59. The vertical rod has a brake 64
which, when its detector mechanism acts and the vertical rod 59 is raised, comes
in contact with the under side of the flange of the driving pulley 52 which is
necessary in some cases to stop the spindle more quickly.
The back
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of a suspended guiding and tightening pulley and sliding
carriage or holder for same for the purpose of equalizing and regulating the
tension of a continuously driven band when driving two or more spindles,
substantially as described.
2. The combination of the suspended tension pulley 25 the sliding carriage 26
and the slide 27 for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to
Figures 1 to 1.1.
3. The combination of the parts referred to in Claims 1 and 2 with the spindle
driving pulley 30 and the dead surface or stationary part 31 under same, whether
the latter is made of metal or of some anti-friction substance such as glass or
vuleanite for the purpose herein before described with reference to Figures 6, 7, 10
and 11.
4. The combination of the spindle driving pulley 30, the dead surface or
stationary part 31 and the combined spindle catch belt guide and knee
brake 32 for the purposes herein before described with reference to Figures 6,
7, 8 and 9.

page_text: 5. The improved construction in combination of the upright rod 37 with its
detector mechanism, the parts referred to in Claims 1 and 2, the lever 38, the
spindle socket bracket 43, the adjustable spring 48, the spindle driving pulley 30
and the stationary dead surface part 31 for the purposes bereinbefore described
with reference to Figures 10 to 16.
6. The improved construction in combination of the upright rod 59 with its
detector mechanism, the centre driving drum 54, the belt 51, the spindle driving
pulley 52, the dead surface rail socket casting 53, the belt tightening and belt
slackening lever 57 and the belt pulley 58 for the purposes hereinbefore described
with reference to Figures 17 and 18.
7. The combination of a spindle driving pulley 52 and a dead surface part 53
under same on to which a belt when slackened may be moved for the purpose
of stopping a spindle as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 17
and 18.
Dated this och den of Tune 1806
JOHN BOYD.