IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR BROAD-FEEDING CUTTING TOOLS TO THEIR WORK IN SIMILAR MACHINES PLANING AND
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOSEPH BARROW of Union Iron Works, Johnstone near Glasgow in the
County of Renfrew (a member of the firm of Thomas Shanks & Co.) Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS
FOR BROAD-FEEDING CUTTING TOOLS TO THEIR WORK IN
SIMILAR MACHINES" to be as follows:-
PLANING AND OTHER
The object of this invention is to shift the cutting tool in a horizontal and
vertical planing or other like machine as for example a combined slotting and
planing machine or any other machine in which the movement of either the tool
or the work reverses the machine and the ordinary feed is put on by surplus
momentum into a position for taking a fresh cut of much greater extent than is
practicable in the way above described for which purpose according to my invention
I utilize for giving the broad feed the action of the driving belt of the machine
whilst running over the loose pulley of the driving gear.
The said pulley in a machine according to my invention is provided with a sleeve
keyed to a second pulley or wheel which is actuated when the driving belt is on
the loose or idle pulley of the driving gear. By a belt or strap or gear the said
second pulley or wheel drives a third which is loose on a shaft that when driven
actuates the feed mechanism and gives the required broad feed.
A clutch is
provided whereby this last mentioned pulley or wheel can be put in or out of gear
with the shaft so as to drive it or run loose on it, and a suitable catch is provided
to hold the clutch out of gear when required, which catch and clutch may be
released or engaged either by hand or by automatic action.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, JOSEPH BARROW of Union Iron Works, Johnstone, near Glasgow in the
County of Renfrew (a member of the firm of Thomas Shanks & Co) Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVED MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR BROAD-FEEDING CUTTING TOOLS TO THEIR WORK IN PLANING AND
OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my present Invention is to shift the cutting tool in a horizontal
and vertical planing or other like machine, as for example a combined slotting and
planing machine or any other machine in which the movement of either the tool
or the work reverses the machine and the ordinary feed is put on by surplus
momentum into a position for taking a fresh cut of much greater extent than is
practicable in the way above described. For this purpose, according to my Invention
I utilize, for giving the broad-feed, the action of the driving belt of the machine
whilst running over the loose pulley of the driving gear.
The said pulley, in a machine according to my Invention, is provided with a
sleeve keeyed to a second pulley or wheel which is actuated when the driving belt
is on the loose or idle pulley of the driving gear. By a belt or strap or gear, the
said second pulley or wheel drives a third which is loose on a shaft which, when
driven, actuates the feed mechanism and gives the required broad-feed. A clutch
is provided whereby this last mentioned pulley or wheel can be put in or out of
gear with the shaft so as to drive it or run loose on it, and a suitable catch is
provided to hold the clutch out of gear when required, which catch and clutch may
be released or engaged either by hand or by automatic action.
In order that my said Invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect, I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a front elevation and an end elevation of
portion of a planing machine fitted with mechanism constructed according to and
constituting my present Invention.
Figure 3 is in part a plan and in part a horizontal section of the same.
In applying my present Invention to the requirements of a planing machine
as represented upon the annexed drawings, I arrange upon the driving shaft a,
thereof, the two sets of pulleys hereinafter described. Of these two sets of pulleys
that of the larger diameter is for the operation of the machine during its forward
or cutting stroke and that of the smaller diameter is for the operation of the
machine during its return stroke, so that by this arrangement of pulleys the
machine is operated, when cutting, slowly, and when making its idle back stroke,
quickly. For this purpose, the pulley b, of the smaller set is keyed or otherwise
suitably secured upon the shaft a, and the pulley c, of the larger set is similarly
secured thereon. The bands d, (represented in dotted lines at Figures 1 and 2 of
the annexed drawings) which transmit motion to the two sets of pulleys; as
indicated by the arrows travel in opposite directions. The pulleys e, and f, are
mounted loosely upon, and are free to rotate about, the shaft a. In place of
employing the two pulleys e, and f, one pulley having the required length of
surface may be used. The pulley g, of the larger set is free to rotate about the
shaft a, and is provided with a sleeve h, as shewn in section at Figure 3 of the

page_text: annexed drawings. To this sleeve h, the small pulley i, is keyed or otherwiso
secured, and around the said sleeve h, the pulley j, is free to rotate, this pulley
being supported in position by the bosses of the pulleys g, and i. A band k, as
represented in dotted lines at Figure 2, passes around the pulley i, and around the
pulley 7, (Figures and 3) to which it transmits its motion. This pulley 1, is
free to rotate upon the shaft m, which is carried in the bearings d', and e¹, and
is provided with a face-clutch n, as represented in dotted lines at Figure 1 of the
annexed drawings, by means of which face-clutch, when the sliding clutch o,
engages with it, the shaft m, is caused to rotate with the said pulley 1. The
sliding clutch o, is operated by the counterpoised pivoted lever p, and is provided
with the pivoted catch or detent q. A cord or its equivalent represented in dotted
lines at , upon the annexed drawings is passed at each end of the machine over
and under small pulleys, one of which is represented in dotted lines at s, and the
ends of this cord or its equivalent are secured, one to the lever p, and the other to
the catch or detent q. It will thus be seen that if the upper length of cord r, be
pulled either by hand or by automatic action in the direction indicated by the
arrow t, the sliding clutch o, previously engaged with, will be disengaged from, the
face-clutch n, and will be arrested in such position by the catch q. When the
lower length of the cord r, is pulled in the direction indicated by the lower arrow u,
the catch q, is raised and by the gravity of the weight v, the sliding clutch o, is
brought back into gear with the face-clutch n. The hereinlast mentioned shaft m,
has the graduated pulleys w, secured to it, and a band represented by the dotted
lines x, at Figure 2 of the annexed drawings, transmits motion to the graduated
pulleys y. These pulleys y, are secured to the horizontal shaft z, which transmits
motion through the bevil gear wheel and pinion marked a¹, a¹, respectively to the
vertical shaft 61, of the feed mechanism.
"
For the connection of the several parts of mechanism herein before described, and
for the transmission of the motion obtained thereby to the tool or tools employed
in the machine, the shaft b¹, of the feed mechanism has secured to it, the bevil
toothed wheel f¹, (Figure 2) which gears with one or other of the bevil toothed
wheels g', according as the feed of the tool is required in an upward or downward
or forward or backward direction. These bevil toothed wheels g¹, may be moved
longitudinally upon the shaft h¹, by means of any suitable arrangement of levers
or their equivalents which are not represented upon the annexed drawings-The
spur wheel ', is mounted upon a feathered" shaft ¹, so that it can be put into
gear with either of the spur wheels j', or ', (Figure 3). Simultaneously with the
longitudinal motion in one direction of the spur wheel i¹, a clutch , which is
mounted upon a "feather" on the shaft m¹, (Figures 1 and 3) is moved in an
opposite direction so that when the spur wheel 2, is gearing with the spur wheel j¹,
the clutch , engages with the spur wheel k¹, and vice versa. The spur wheel j³,
or k, with either of which the spur wheel ¹, may be in gear, operates either the
vertical or horizontal feeds of the machine, whilst the spur wheel, or ¹, with
either of which the clutch U, engages, operates the driving motion of the machine,
that is to say, when the spur wheel i', is in gear with the wheel j¹, the vertical
feed is operated, and when the spur wheel ¹, is in gear with the spur wheel k¹, the
horizontal feed is operated; the parts constituting such horizontal and vertical
feeds being in common use and well understood are not therefore fully shewn upon
the annexed sheets of drawings. These motions are respectively transmitted
through the pair of bevil toothed wheels n¹, and the pair o¹, that for the vertical
motion being transmitted through the shaft p¹, and that for the horizontal motion
through the vertical shaft q¹. The shaft p¹, operates the bevil toothed pinion r²,
(represented in dotted lines at Figure 1) which gears with the bevil toothed wheel s',
secured to the vertical screw t, the pinion, being provided with a "feather"
which slides in a groove in the shaft p', as is well understood. The vertical
shaft q', imparts the horizontal motion to the tool slide u, which carries the tool
holder v, through the pair of toothed mitre wheels w¹, and the screw ¹³, (Figure 1)
and through a second and similar pair of toothed mitre wheels and screw at the

page_text: upper part of the machine but which are not represented upon the annexed
drawings.
The operation of the several parts of the broad-feed mechanism bereinbefore
described is as follows:-Let it be supposed that the pulley l, is connected in the
manner herein before described, that is to say, through its clutch mechanism, with
the shaft m, and that a forward or cutting stroke is about to be effected, the
bands d, which previously for the return stroke were upon the pulleys j, and b,
respectively are moved by the belt-shifting forks, or pins c', from left to right as
on the drawings. In being so traversed, the band upon the smaller set of pulleys
passes on to the loose pulleys e, and f, successively and the band upon the larger
set of pulleys passes first onto the pulley g, and so communicates motion to the
feed mechanism, after which the said band passes on to the fixed pulley c, and
For the return stroke of the
thereby effects the forward or cutting stroke.
machine, the pulley 1, having by hand or automatically by means of the lever p,
and cord, been disconnected from its shaft m, the driving bands d, are moved by
the belt forks c¹, from right to left as on the drawings, from the pulleys c, and f,
and passing respectively across the pulleys g, and e, travel upon and transmit
motion to the pulleys j, and b, respectively, the rotation of the pulley g, during
such sidewise movement of the band having no effect upon the feed mechanism, by
reason of the pulley 1, having been previously disconnected from its shaft m, in the
manner herein before set forth.
The pulley g, is of such width as shall, by the passing of the driving band d,
thereover, transmit to the feed mechanism motion sufficient to move the cutting
tool through the necessary distance to produce the requisite broad-feed.
In place of transmitting motion to the shaft m, in the manner hereinbefore set
forth that is to say, by means of the band k, (Figure 2) I may employ for such
purpose, other means, such for example, as toothed gearing.
The means or apparatus for the broad-feeding of cutting tools hercinbefore
described are shewn upon the annexed drawings as applied to a planing machine
wherein the work, to be operated upon, is held stationary and the tool or tools are
traversed, but I desire it to be understood that neither the planing machine or the
feed mechanism thereof constitute any part of my present invention, and that
the herein before described improvements may with equal advantage be applied to
planing machines wherein the tool or tools is or are held stationary and the work
traversed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
For planing and other similar machines, the arrangement and construction of the
several parts of the mechanism constituting the improved means or apparatus for
the feeding of the tool to the work or the work to the tool whereby a broad feed of
either the tool or the work is obtained as distinguished from the comparatively
narrow feed hitherto obtained in machines or machine tools of the class to which
my Invention is applicable and operating substantially as and for the several
purposes hereinbefore set forth with reference to the annexed drawings.
Dated this first day of May 1885
J. H. JOHNSON, DAY & JOHNSON,
Applicant's Agents,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.