Improvements in Paper Cop Tubes, Cones, or Spools, and in the Mode and Machinery for Making the same.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 7th May, 1898--Accepted, 18th June, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Paper Cop Tubes, Cones, or Spools, and in the Mode
and Machinery for Making the same.
We, JOSEPH BRIGGS SWAILES, GEORGE SWAILES, and JOHN BROADMEADOW
SWAILES, of the Firm of John Swailes and Sons, of Moorhey, Oldham, in the
County of Lancaster, Cop Tube Manufacturers and Machinists, do hereby declare
the nature of the said invention, to be as follows:
―:
The object of our invention is to make paper cop tubes similar to those hitherto
made which have a series of grooves round them, such tubes having been commonly
termed corrugated paper cop tubes, cones or spools hereinafter termed tubes and
such tubes have been hitherto made at two operations first in the tube machine
in the ordinary manner, and then when dry they have been subjected to a second
operation in a separate machine and by mechanism that produced the grooves or
corrugations as they are termed, but such paper tubes so produced are imperfect
as to the indented grooves are not so deep or permanent as those made according
to our invention.
Our improved paper tube is made or rolled and indented with grooves or corru-
gations at the same operation, and the indentations or corrugations are being made
in each layer of the paper while it is being wound on the spindle and is in a soft
state by reason of the paste applied to the slips of paper used for each tube.
We carry out our invention by a modification of the ordinary paper tube making
machine, by substituting a corrugated or indented roller having its bearings free
in a fork carried on the arm which is used for the ordinary presser, which is
dispensed with. The fork for the corrugated roller is arranged to swivel to accommo-
date itself to the paper being wound upon the spindle and it is pressed against
the paper while being wound upon the spindle, same as the ordinary presser.
The corrugated roller is or may be a plain cylinder for a short length at each
end, and between the plain ends the corrugations are formed, the highest points
of which extend a little beyond the surface of the periphery of the plain ends
of the corrugated roller.
Thus each layer of paper is being corrugated while in a soft state, the inden-
tations made therein are deeper and will be more permanent.
According to another mode of carrying out our invention the paper for the tube
is wound upon the spindle in the ordinary manner, and a presser is used to press
against the paper while being wound upon the spindle, which presser is or may be
arranged to act against the paper being wound on the spindle as far as convenient
opposite a segmental surface corrugated on its segmental periphery rotating in
suitable bearings on an axis about parallel to the axis of the spindle or surface
of the tube on which the paper is being wound, which axis has a toothed pinion
upon it that gears with a large toothed wheel, part of the periphery of which is
without teeth, such wheels being commonly termed
space wheels."
Thus the corrugated segmental surface is rotated intermittently but when it
comes opposite the spindle on which the paper is being wound (as it does for each
tube) its corrugated surface is rolling and pressing against the paper while being

page_text: wound on the spindle, the speed of the corrugated surface of the segment being
a little less than that of the paper being wound upon the spindle, to give a slight
drag upon the paper if desired.
We do not confine ourselves to the mechanism above described as it may be
varied without departing from the principle of our invention.
1007
Improvements in Paper Cop Tubes, Cones, or Spools, and in the Mode
and Machinery for Making the same.
We, JOSEPH BRIGGS SWAILES, GEORGE SWAILES, and JOHN BROADMEADOW
SWAILES, of the Firm of John Swailes and Sons (now John Swailes and Sons
Limited) of Moorhey, Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cop Tube Manufac-
turers and Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of our invention is to make paper cop tubes similar to those hitherto
made which have a series of grooves round them, such tubes having been commonly
termed corrugated paper cop tubes, cones or spools hereinafter termed tubes, and
such tubes have been hitherto made at two operations first in the tube machine
in the ordinary manner, and then when dry they have been subjected to a second
operation in a separate machine and by mechanism that produced the grooves or
corrugations as they are termed, but such paper tubes so produced are imperfect
as to the indented grooves, and are not so deep or permanent as those made
according to our invention. Our improved paper tube is made or rolled and
indented with grooves or corrugations at the same operation, and the indentations
or corrugations are being made in each layer of the paper while it is being wound
on the spindle and is in a soft state by reason of the paste applied to the slips of
paper used for each tube.
We carry out our invention by a modification of the ordinary paper tube making
machine, by substituting a corrugated or indented roller having its bearings free
in a fork carried on the arm which is used for the ordinary presser, which is
dispensed with. The fork for the corrugated roller is arranged to swivel to accommo-
date itself to the paper being wound upon the spindle and it is pressed against
the paper while being wound upon the spindle, same as the ordinary presser.
The corrugated roller is or may be a plain cylinder for a short length at each
end, and between the plain ends, the corrugations are formed, the highest point
of which extend a little beyond the surface of the periphery of the plain ends
of the corrugated roller.
Thus each layer of paper is being corrugated while in a soft state, the inden-
tations made therein are deeper and will be more permanent.
According to another mode of carrying out our invention, the paper for the tube
is wound upon the spindle in the ordinary manner, and a presser is used to press
against the paper while being wound upon the spindle, which presser is or may be
arranged to act against the paper being wound on the spindle as far as convenient
opposite a segmental surface corrugated on its segmental periphery rotating in
suitable bearings on an axis about parallel to the axis of the spindle or surface
of the tube on which the paper is being wound, which axis has a toothed pinion

page_text: upon it that gears with a large toothed wheel, part of the periphery of which is
without teeth, such wheels being commonly termed "
space wheels."
Thus the corrugated segmental surface is rotated intermittently, but when it
comes opposite the spindle on which the paper is being wound (as it does for each
tube) its corrugated surface is rolling and pressing against the paper while being
wound on the spindle, the speed of the corrugated surface of the segment being
a little less than that of the paper being wound upon the spindle, to give a slight
drag upon the paper if desired.
Fig. 1, is an end sectional elevation, and
Fig. 2, is a plan of so much of the mechanism of an ordinary automatic cop tube
making machine as will be required to explain one modification of our invention.
Fig. 3, is an end sectional elevation, and
Fig. 4, is a plan (the corrugated segment being shown partly broken away) of
so much of the mechanism of an ordinary automatic cop tube making machine as
will be required to explain another modification of our invention.
Fig. 5, is an end sectional elevation, and
Fig. 6, is a plan showing so much of the mechanism of a tube machine where the
slips of paper to form each tube are fed by hand, as will be necessary to illustrate
another modification of our invention.
Fig. 7, is a plan showing a modification of the spindle and corrugated cone
on a larger scale.
Fig. 8, is a side view of a cop tube made according to our invention in the
automatic cop tube machines when modified according to our invention.
Fig. 9, is a side elevation of a cop tube according to our invention made in the
hand fed machine when modified according to our invention.
In the modification of our invention illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, a, represents
a part of the base of the ordinary automatic cop tube machine; a¹³, a stand or
bracket secured to the base a, the upper part of which has the table b, secured to it
upon which the slip of paper, cut from the web, is held to be presented to
the slit in the coiling spindle c; d, represents a part of the end of the nipper,
the end of which presses the slip of paper against the surface of the table b, when
being presented to the coiling spindle c. f, (Fig. 2) is the part carried on a
bracket for stripping the tube when formed from the spindle c.
e, represents the
fixed and e¹, the movable blade of the shears which cut the slip from the web ¹.
g, is the shaft having the cam or cams upon it for actuating the parts which are
to operate in forming the tube.
a², is a stand or bracket secured to the base a, which at its upper end has a
horizontal stud h¹ secured in it forming the fulcrum of a two armed lever h, in
one inclined arm of which near its end there is a stud secured for a bowl 2, that
can work upon the edge of a cam g¹, secured upon the shaft g, and to a hook on
the end of a continuation of this arm one end of an helical spring, is attached,
the other end being hooked to a projection a³, secured on the base part a.
The lower part of the vertical arm of the two armed lever h, forms a vertical axis
for the socket on a forked part 4, which fork carries the bearings of a pin i, upon
which a roller i, can rotate.
This roller i, is made with corrugations, but the two ends of it to a short extent
are left cylindrical and without corrugations.
This corrugated roller i, performs the function of the ordinary smooth presser
(which is dispensed with) and also acts to corrugate the slip of paper from the
moment it commences to be wound upon the coiling spindle, consequently each
layer of paper while in its soft state, from the paste used, is corrugated and thus
a tube is formed with better and deeper corrugations without loss of time in
corrugating the tube after it has been formed, as the corrugation of the tube is
or may be finished and stripped from the spindle immediately after the tube is
coiled or formed as in the ordinary automatic cop tube making machine.
The fork, carrying the axis of the corrugating roller i, is arranged on the
vertical arm of the two armed lever h, to allow a slight oscillation on its vertical

page_text: axis, so that the corrugated periphery of the roller i, can thus accommodate itself
to the surface of the paper being wound upon the spindle c, and press uniformly
against every part of it. The pin or axis ', of the corrugated roller is also made of
barrel form, that is of larger diameter where it comes in the middle part of the
roller and smaller where it comes opposite the ends of the roller so as to allow the
roller to oscillate a little on its axis, the bore of the axis of the roller being uniform
in size so that there is a slight play at each end but not in the middle.
The helical spring ³, acts to press the periphery of the corrugated roller i,
against the paper while being formed into the tube, and the cam g', on the shaft g,
acting upon the bowl ha, on the inclined arm of the two armed lever, withdraws
the corrugated roller i, from and allows the spring to press it against the slip of
paper being coiled upon the spindle at the times required.
There is a stop provided at any convenient point to prevent the spring h³, pressing
the roller i, against the spindle c, when empty. Such an arrangement of stop is
shown in Fig. 1, in dotted line, where the point of a set screw h³, having a lock
nut upon it screwing through a projection from the stand a², comes against another
arm, from the two armed lever h. The plain parts at the ends of the roller i,
are required to press the coils of the edges of the slip a, which they act upon
firmly against each other and these cylindrical parts are less in diameter than the
apexes forming the corrugations.
In Figs. 3 and 4 illustrating another modification of our invention a, is a part
of the base part of a machine-a¹, the stand having the table b, at its upper end
for presenting the slip, to be coiled upon the spindle.
c, the spindle; f, the part (see Fig. 4) for stripping the tube from the spindle
when the spindle c, is drawn through it.
a², is a stand or bracket having a stud k¹, in it forming the fulcrum of a two
armed lever k, one arm of which is acted upon by a cam g², on the cam shaft g-
and this arm has one end of a helical spring ³, attached to it, the other end being
hooked on a projection a³, secured to the base part a. The other arm of the two
armed lever has its end, bent to come parallel to the spindle c, and is smooth
on that face which comes against the paper when being coiled upon the spindle.
The spring 3, (see Fig. 3) causes the part 2, to press upon the slip of paper,
being coiled same as the presser in an ordinary automatic cop tube making
machine, and the cam g², moves the presser away and then allows it to act upon.
the paper being coiled upon the spindle at the proper times. The mechanism of
Figs. 3 and 4 so far described, may be said to be that of the ordinary automatic
cop tube making machine. The corrugation of the slip of paper while being
formed into the tube is effected by a corrugated segment of a cylinder j, which
begins to act upon the slip of paper being coiled upon the spindle at the first coil
and continues its action during all the time the slip is being coiled upon the
spindle c. There is a stand or bracket aº, (see Fig. 4) secured to the base a, the
upper end of which carries a horizontal stud 1, and upon this stud there is a
tubular shaft 12, to one end of which a toothed spur wheel 13, is secured which
gears with what is termed a space wheel 1, secured on the cam shaft g.
corrugated segment of a cylinder j, is secured on the tubular shaft 12, by a set
screw, which permits of the segment being adjusted in the lengthway of the tubular
shaft 2, or in the direction of its rotation to adjust it to the slips of paper which
are to be wound upon the spindle c, so as to come into action at the proper time,
the space wheel 4, being also proportioned to give the desired extent of intermittent
rotation at the proper time.
The
The periphery of this corrugated segment j, is or may be to some slight extent
excentric, that is to say, that surface of it first coming in contact with the slip on
the spindle c, is nearest the spindle, and it may gradually withdraw from the
spindle as the thickness of the slip of paper coiled upon the spindle increases in
diameter.
In place of the corrugated segment j, being made as last described, the stud 1,
is or may be carried in a stand a³, which is slightly elastic, the teeth of the wheels 1³

page_text: and 14, being such as to allow of a slight movement of the wheel 13, to and from the
wheel 14. There is or may be an adjustable stop, say the point of a set screw,
screwing through a bracket to come against the edge of the stand as, to limit the
extent to which its elasticity shall force the periphery of the segment j, towards
the spindle c, the stand a, being free by its elasticity to move in a direction away
from the spindle c. The rotary surface speed of the corrugated periphery of the
segments is also arranged to be slightly slower than that of the surface of the paper
upon which it acts while being coiled upon the spindle so as to give a certain
amount of rubbing friction upon the slip of paper being coiled into the form of
the tube.
Tubes which have a considerable amount of cone such as those shown in Figs. 5
and 9, are made from slips of paper first cut into the required shape and fed to a
machine by hand, and for such tubes made in such machines (ordinary hand
machines) our invention is carried into effect by modifying the same as follows:-
c, represent the spindle upon which the tube is formed; a, the slip of paper being
fed to the spindle c.
--:
m, is a presser acting upon the paper while being coiled upon the spindle c.
It is a bar or part which can oscillate to a certain extent to accommodate its
surface, pressing against the slip of paper being coiled to that of the tube being
formed.
It oscillates on the end of an arm m², partly shown, which arm can oscillate
on an axis parallel to that of the spindle c, to withdraw the presser from and apply
it to the slip of paper being coiled upon the spindle.
The tube is corrugated (the lines across the tube in Figs. 8 and 9 represent the
corrugations) by a cone roller n, the cone periphery of which corresponds as shown
to that of the tube to be formed, and this cone roller has corrugations formed in it,
and it is free to rotate on an axis or shaft n¹, carried in a fork n², which fork has
a socket 3, so that it is free to oscillate to a certain extent to accommodate it to
and press the periphery of the corrugated cone roller n, against the slip of paper
being formed into a tube.
Part of the arm n4, upon which the fork for the cone corrugator oscillates, is
shown, the lower end of the arm (not shown) being on a horizontal axis or stud
in a bracket on the framing of the machine, placed in such position that by
oscillating the arm on its horizontal axis, the periphery of the cone corrugator n,
can be brought and pressed by a suitable spring or weight against or withdrawn
from the slip of paper being coiled upon the spindle c.
In some cases, if desired, and especially when the cone is steep as in tubes
shown by Fig. 9, the spindles e, upon which the paper is coiled to form the tube
are made stepped, that is, instead of being of a uniform taper, they may be made
to diminish in steps from the large end to the small end of the spindle, upon
which the slip of paper is coiled, these steps being as numerous as the intended
corrugations, the corrugating roller cone or surface being arranged so that the
exterior apex of each angle forming the corrugations will come opposite the angle
or nearly so of one of the said steps in the spindle, as shown best in Fig. 7.-This
will allow of a deeper corrugation being made in the tube, and yet allow of the
tube when formed being readily stripped from the spindle.
In Figs. 6 and 7, the bare spindles c, are shown stepped.-The double lines c¹,
parallel to the axis of the spindle represent the slit in it for the edge of the slip
of paper to enter when beginning to wind it upon the spindle.
The presser 2, Figs. 3 and 4, and. the presser m, Fig. 5, may be dispensed with
when the corrugating roller, segment of roller or cone, performs the double function
of corrugating, and at the same time pressing the slip when being wound upon the
spindle, but in this case the corrugating roller, segment of roller or cone, has plain
parts at each end without corrugations as and for the purpose hereinbefore
explained in reference to the roller i, Figs. 1 and 2, these plain parts at each end
being slightly below the apexes of the angles between the grooves forming the
corrugations as hereinbefore stated.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The forming of tubes with corrugations in ordinary automatic cop tube
making machines by modifying the same dispensing with the ordinary presser
and substituting a corrugated roller which acts as presser and corrugator during
the time the slip which is to form the tube is being coiled upon the spindle,
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
2. The forming of tubes with corrugations in ordinary automatic cop tube
making machines by combining therewith a corrugating segment of a cylinder
rotated at intervals to act against the coils of the slip of paper while being wound
upon the spindle, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 3
and 4 of the drawings.
3. The forming of paper tubes in machines in which the slips to form each tube
are fed by hand by the combination therewith of a conical corrugator arranged to
rotate and press upon the coils of the slips while being wound upon the spindle
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6 of the
drawings.
4. The arrangement of the fork 4, for the corrugated roller i, and the fork n²,
for the conical corrugator so as to oscillate slightly and also the pin it, and n',
barrel shaped, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
5. The construction of the roller i, segment of cylinder j, and corrugating
cone n, with plain parts at the ends uncorrugated substantially as and for the
purpose herein before described.
6. The arrangement of the corrugated segment so that its periphery will move
a little slower than the surface of the slip of paper being wound upon the spindle
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
7. The making of the spindles c, especially for large tubes much coned, stepped
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Dated this Sirthd
M1000
PETER J. LIVSEY.
Agent.