Improved Means and Apparatus for Preparing Leathers for Wheel Tyres, for Applying an Adhesive and for forcing them into a Channelled Rim or Shoe
Year: 1896

page_text: '
Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1890..
Complete Specification Left. 16th Oct., 1897-Accepted; 16th Dec., 1897
TUIT
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means and Apparatus for Preparing Leathers for Wheel
Tyres, for Applying an Adhesive and for forcing them into a
Channelled Rim or Shoe."
I. ABRAHAM PULLAN, of 21 Monson Road, New Cross, County of Kent.
Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to means or appliances by which leather in band or
strip like form for continuous or intermittent supply can be separated or cut
off into patches or pieces to given dimensions and shape, be fed as cut into a
channel, have one face smeared with an adhesive, be forced onward against a
resistance for their attachment to one another to constitute a segment of a wheel
Tyre, the leather being on edge and fitting a channeled rim or shoe in which
when the full number of segments are cramped up circumferentially and a size
or slip plate fixed in position, the wheel is ready for use.
The channel in the rim or shoe may have angle edged lips in which case the
die cutting tool would correspond in shape but slightly smaller so that the
leather can enter the channel with little friction, the angle lips can then by a
suitable press be rolled down into biting contact with the leather, or where
Hydraulic dies can be utilised, the cramping in of the edge lips could be easily
effected.
So far as the process of cutting the band pushing the patches along, smearing
one side of them with an adhesive, and fitting them in the rim or shoe, the
whole of the operations would be automatically and mechanically performed,
the Machine being made for the accomplishment of each successive operation in
sequence.
For the purpose of said invention, a table is mounted on frame, the table
has fore and aft sliding cutters operated horizontally by crank or eccentric,
there being an abutting plate faced with lead raised from below or from the site
for resisting the thrust of the cutter tool, the leather in band or strip like form
being fed between the cutter and plate by grippers which move through the
arc of a circle by rods from a side or other shaft with crank or eccentric, timed
to move in relation to the cutting, and each piece of leather as cut is pasted by
a transverse travelling brush and is forced along on edge into a groove cr
mouth of a plate coinciding in shape to the channel of the rim or shoe of the
wheel which has to be filled, which is next thereto.
The temporary axle arm on which the wheel is mounted has weighted lever
arms, the free ends of which are united and ride in the channel of the wheel
rim or shoe as a resistance to the too rapid advance of the pieces of leather, this
resistance enables the leathers to be kept in contact with one another and in
proper position for passing along the channel.
By a click paul set to act at intervals, the smearing brush or wiper can be
arrested, so that breaks can occur where desired to separate the segments of
joined patches, and these, if desired, can be stored for insertion into a rim or

page_text: shoe channel at any future time by a filling Machine, or by hand and be them
cramped up.
In order that the whole of a hide could be used up in connection with
this invention, the strips as fed and cut or stamped into patches could fall into
a basket or other receptacle, and after an agitation to mix them they could be
lifted by hand and placed in front of the forcing appliance for the application
of the adhesive and be finally pushed into the channel of the wheel rim, this
plan will allow of the soft and less solid parts of the hide to be associated with
the thick sound pieces of leather for uniformity of texture around the wheel.
Dated this 16th day of December 1896
FL. GARDNER
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London
Agent for the said:-
"Improved Means and Apparatus for Preparing Leathers for Wheel
Tyres, for Applying an Adhesive, and for forcing them into a
Channelled Rim or Shoe."
I, ABRAHAM PULLAX, of 21 Menson Road, New Cross, County of Kent.
Engineer. do herely declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to means or appliances by which leather in band or
strip like form for continuous or intermittent supply, can be separated or cut
off into patches or pieces to given dimensions and shape, be fed as cut into a
channel, bave one face smeared with an adhesive, be forced onward against a
resistance for their attachment to one another to constitute a segment of a wheel
Tyre, the leather being on edge and fitting a channelled rim or shoe in which
when the full number of segments are cramped up circumferentially and a side
or slip plate fixed in position, the wheel is ready for use.
The channel in the rim or shoe may have angle edge lips in which case the
die cutting tool would correspond in shape but slightly smaller, so that she
leather can enter the channel with little friction, the angle lips can then by a
suitable press be rolled down into biting contact with the leather, or where
Hydraulic dies can be utilized, the cramping in of the edge lips could be easily
effected.
So far as the process of cutting the band, pushing the patches along, smearing
one side of them with an adhesive, and fitting them in the rim or shoe, the
whole of the operations would be automatically and mechanically performed,
the Machine being made for the accomplishment of each successive operation in
sequence.
For the purpose of said invention, a table is mounted on a frame, the table
has fore and aft sliding cutters operated horizontally by crank or eccentric,
there being an abutting plate faced with lead raised from below or from the side
for resisting the thrust of the cutter tool, the leather in band or strip like form
being fed between the cutter and plate by grippers which move through the
arc of a circle by rods from a side or other shaft with crank or eccentric, timed
to move in relation to the cutting and each piece of leather as cut is pasted by
a transverse travelling brush and is forced along on edge into a groove or

page_text: mouth of a plate coinciding in shape to the channel of the rim or shoe of the
wheel which has to be filled, which is next thereto.
The temporary axle arm on which the wheel is mounted has weighted lever
arms,, the free ends of which are united and ride in the channel of the wheel
rim or shoe as a resistance to the too rapid advance of the pieces of leather, this
resistance enables the leathers to be kept in contact with one another and in
proper position for passing along the channel. "
By a click paul set to act at intervals, the smearing brush or wiper can be
arrested, so that breaks can occur where desired to separate the segments of
joined patches and these if desired can be stored for insertion into a rim or
shoe channel at any future time by a filling machine or by hand and be then
cramped up.
In order that the whole of the hide could be used up in connection with
this invention, the strips as fed and cut or stamped into patches could fall into
a basket or other receptacle and after an agitation to mix them they could he
lifted by hand and placed in front of the forcing appliance for the application
of the adhesive and be finally pushed into the channel of the wheel rim, this
plan will allow of the soft and less solid parts of the hide to be associated with
the thick sound pieces of leather for uniformity of texture around the wheel.
In Figure of the annexed drawings, 1 is a hydraulic cylinder in which
works a ram 2 carrying the punch 3 and a plunger 4 driven by any suitable
device, the ram 2 through the medium of the water has a reciprocating motion
imparted to it on the one hand by the plunger 4 through the medium of the
water and on the other hand by the weight of ram assisted by the spring ō
which presses the punch 3 downwards in bearing with its upper end upon the
frame. The upper end of the punch 3 has the configuration of the leather
pallets or pieces shown at 6 Figures 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, and above it is
a female die cutter 7 which has the same configuration as the punch 3, between
the die cutter 7 and the frame S is introduced the leather strip 9 from which the
pallets or pieces are to be cut, the leather being fed forward by a step motion
in any suitable manner, and smeared with glue or liquid cement by a revolving
roller 10 and a distributing roller on its way to the cutter die, pressure roller
and spring to press the leather upon the cementing roller 10 cement or glac
box fixed to the side of frame S.
As the punch 3 is forced up into the cutter die 7 it cuts a pallet of the required
configuration from the leather strip 9 and forces it up into the channel of the
receiver 12 secured to the top of the framing 8 in which the series of pallets
are both pressed firmly together and more compressed as they rise up in the
channel.
To the top of the receiver 12 is connected a divided channel or shoe mould 13
held together by bolts. To the end of mould 13 is connected a continuation
tube 14 to receive the compressed leather when leaving the mould 13, this
continuation has a cover provided with screw clips fitted to it for the purpose
of making any required resistance to the leather Tyre in passing through the
supporting channel to give any desired compression to the leather Tyre passing
through the mould 13. The ram 2 may be operated by water from hydraulic
mains laid in London or elsewhere, or by compressed air, or gas, or steam.
In the arrangement at Figure 3, the punch 3 is worked by an eccentric, cam
or plunger press 15 from shaft 15" movable step and spring for leather strip
and to press against to ensure the correct length of leather for a complete pallet
and when the end of leather arrives at the stop and not long enough to make
a complete pallet, the movable stop 16 can be lifted for the leather to pass out
and so prevent it from dropping into the channel mould and spoiling the Tyre.
To economise the adhesive materials and to prevent the adhesive fastening
the divided moulds together and causing the leather pallets or pieces to jam in
the moulds or shoes. I make the roller or it may be a circular brush 10
about of an inch wide instead of the full width of the pallets or pieces, or an

page_text: automatic device to smear about of an inch diameter in the centre of the pallets
or pieces, so that the compression in the mould or shoe spreads the adhesive
over the whole surface of the pallets or pieces.
To lubricate the moulds or shoes, I apply soap or the like to their faces before
put together, then at certain intervals I place a pallet of soap in between the
leather pallets to pass through the mould or shoe and by the compression will
squeeze out the soap to the mould or shoe faces and so lubricate the same.
Figure 4 shows part of a channelled wheel rim 17 in which are fitted the
leather Tyre 6 in segments at a gap provided and then be pushed round therein
in successive order, the ends of seginent faces are smeared with an adhesive
and are cramped up circumferentially with a band or hoop in three segments
by screw toggles having a right and left handed screw, or by hydraulic clips,
the gap being afterwards closed up by a slip plate 18 shaped to correspond to
the outline or configuration of the other parts and secured to the felloe 19 by
bolts or screws.
Figure indicates a section of the rim 17 where the gap exists.
Figure 6, 19 felloe of wheel, rim 17 in which an india rubber cushion 20 is
place, Gather or wood Tyre.
Figure 7, 17 rim of wheel, 20 india rubber cushion, 6 leather or wood Tyre.
Figure 8, 6 leather Tyre fitted in rim 17, 20 rubber or leather cushion fitting
inside of clannel rim 17 with curled in lips.
Figure 9, 6 Leather Tyre, 17 channel rim with flanges open for after co-
pression upon the leathers where hydraulic dies can be utilized, the cramping
in of the edge lips could be easily effected.
To put in the last Tyre segment, the segment is bent to a shorter radius to
shorten it in length to form a spring wedge the ends are smeared with the
adhesive, then placed in position aud pressed into the channel rim by bolts and
plates crossways of the felloe, rim and Tyre, or other devices. Then the screw
toggle 21 (Figures 10 and 11) or hydraulic circumferential cramping hand is
placed upon the whole Tyre and the side or slip plate 18 fixed in position, the
wheel being then ready for use.
To enable the whole of a hide to lie cut up into strips and cut or stamped
into pallets or pieces they can be placed into a receptacle and after an agitation
to mix them they are lifted by hand and smeared by the adhesive and placed
in the channel rim, shoe, or mould in front of tho forcing or compressing
appliance to be finally pushed round into the channel of the wheel rim etc.
This can be accomplished by the Machine shown in Figures 10 and 11 in
which 22 are standard frames carrying table 23 with step boss 24 made upon
it for the shank 25 upon the underside of spur wheel 26 to work in, the axle
arm 27 is fitted and keyed secure into the shank 25, said wheel to be leathered
being temporarily yet firmly fixed to spur. wheel 26 by any suitable means,
such as by studs. The wheel 28 revolves upon the axle arm 27 the spur
wheel 26 is driven by the spur pinion 29 and turned by the cross handle 30.
The leather pallets or pieces 6 smeared with adhesive are placed in the rim
groove and pushed round in the channel by the stop or buffer 31 fixed to table 2:3,
the compression thus given to the leather pallets or pieces to form Tyre.
In lieu of the handles 30, a fly wheel may be fitted upon spúr pinion spindle
to give greater power of compression to the leather pallets of pieces in the
channel wheel rim to cramp them up the hand 21 holds the leather pallets
or pieces.
The wheel is rotated by studs 32 bearing in contact with wheel spoke against
the resistance of the stop or buffer.
To refill worn tyres with prepared leather blocks or sections of tyres, the
side or slip plate 18 is taken off, the worn tyre is taken out at the gap and new
prepared blocks or sections of tyre fitted in by the machine last described.
In cases where there is no machine near to fill or refill the rims they may be
filled by driving the blocks or sections round by hammer or the like.

page_text: The machine shewn in Figures 12, 13 and 14 of the drawings can have the power
presses herein before described, so far as the process of cutting the leather band or
irregular shaped pieces, pushing the pallets or the like along, smearing one
side of them with an adhesive, and fitting them in the rim, shoe or mould the
whole of the operations would be automatically and mechanically performed
when desired, the machines being made for the accomplishment of each suc-
cessive operation in sequence.
Although I have shown the stop 31 as a fixture to the frame it may be
connected to a weighted lever, the weight of which offers a resistance to the
advancing entry of the pallets.
In this combined machine for punching and filling, actuated mechanically,
33, is main frame and bed plate casting
34, Press frame.
35, Fly wheel for compressing machine
36, Standing levers connecting and actuating clutch and starting arrange-
ment.
37. Lever pressing leather along, slide 38 into shoc, is vibrated by means of
a cam 39 on filling machine shaft 40.
This renders the machine entirely automatic.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. Apparatus for constructing the tyres of wheels from a combination of any
shaped leather pallets or pieces wherein a reciprocating solid punch having
the configuration of the leather pallets or pieces to be produced, and operating
in combination with a female die cutter is caused to punch the pallets or pieces
out of a strip or irregular pieces of leather or other suitable materials previously
coated with an adhesive, while at the same time the punch forces the pallets
one after the other into a channel tire rim. as and in the manner described
with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the annexed drawings.
2. The modified construction and, arrangement of machine shown at Figures 12,
13 and 14 of the annexed drawings in which a die cutting of pallets or patches.
be fed as cut, into a channel, have one face smeared with an adhesive, and be
forced onward against a resistance or stop as and in the manner described.
Deted this 10 100-
H. GARDNER
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London
Agent for A. Pullan.
H. GARDNER
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London
Agent for A. Pullan.