Improvements in Pulverizing and Crushing Mills and Amalgamators.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 9th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 21st Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICALIUM
Improvements in Pulverizing and Crushing Mills and
Amalgamators.
CHARLES EDWARD HALL, Engineer, Meersbrook Bank, Sheffield, Yorkshire,
partly a communication from CHARLES MOREL, 4, Place de la Gare, Grenoble,
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
For improvements in mills for pulverizing, crushing and amalgamating, which
are partly modifications of an invention of the said Charles Morel, for which
Letters Patent No. 17,189 A.D. 1888, were granted for a machine to be used for
dry crushing and grinding. Our present apparatus is for crushing, grinding and
seiving hard substances with water or other liquid such as ores of tin, gold
quartz, &c., which.it was not possible to do with the aforesaid mill as described in
the above recited Letters Patent.
Our improved machine for this purpose, consists principally of one or more hard
chilled iron or steel balls or other material, rolling in the interior side or circular
path of a horizontally fixed ring, against the inner side of which they are pressed
by centrifugal force, obtained by rotating the vertical spindle at a suitable speed.
According to the first part of our said invention, the ball when only one is used,
is driven by a circular disc keyed to the vertical spindle and pressing upon the said
ball, either by dead-weight, or a suitable spring arrangement or lever and weight;
and according to the second part of our invention, when a number of balls are used,
they are propelled by arms fixed to a vertical axis or spindle by a boss, which is
made to revolve rapidly by means of gearing or a belt pulley keyed direct to the
said vertical spindle.
In grinding materials for pottery ware, barytos &c., we construct the said balls
and grinding ring and driving plate of porcelain or other non-corrosive material to
prevent oxidising the material under operation.
The materials are supplied to the mill through a central tube by means of a
hopper and shaking shoe, so as to give a regular feed, and they are rapidly reduced
into a fine powder, pulp or slurry, and are caused to pass through the surrounding
seive by the aid of water in conjunction with the centrifugal force and propelling
arms. The water acts also as the conveying medium, but the apparatus may he
variously arranged without departing from our invention.
For example, the mill with a single ball has a rapidly revolving driving plate or
disc, pressing upon the said ball, which runs upon the hard metal plate at the
The vertical
bottom of the pan, and also against the horizontal fixed ring.
pressure is put upon the said disc and ball by a suitable spring arrangement or
other equivalent.
When several balls are used, as for example in our second arrangement, they are
placed in the recesses formed between the arms projecting from the centre conical
boss, which is secured to the vertical spindle as in l'atent No. 17189 before referred
to. These arms are furnished with removable pushing plates. The centrifugal
force causes the balls to press outwards against the fixed ring, by which means the
hardest substances can be reduced to impalpable powder, and delivered out through
The said
the screens arranged in the periphery of the casing by the aid of water.
ground pulp may be delivered immediately over and behind the said ring when
required, without passing through the seives above described.
When crushing gold quartz the outer casing of the mill may have a trough
immediately below the said seives and surrounding them; this trough is preferably

page_text: .
fitted with silvered copper plates to catch the free gold on its way to the
amalgamators.
We sometimes construct these mills with silvered amalgamator discs, secured to
the rotating upright spindle by means of a sleeve; and when this plan is adopted,
we arrange inclined seives immediately above the grinding ring, leaving spaces
around the outside of said ring, but inside of the main casing, and a silvered
circular collecting plate or dish which conveys the ground and seived pulp towards
the centre of the rapidly revolving saucer like or conical dish, which is silvered in
the usual manner-one or more of which may be employed. The sand and water
are thrown outwards, whilst the free gold is amalgamated on the conveyer plates
and rotating disc forming a continuous grinding and amalgamating machine.
Dated this First day of November 1890.
CHAS. ED. HALL.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pulverizing and Crushing Mills and
Amalgamators.
CHARLES EDWARD HALL, Meersbrook Bank, Sheffield, Yorkshire, Engineer,
partly a communication from CHARLES MOREL, Place de la Gare, 4, Grenoble,
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
Improvements in mills for crushing, pulverizing and amalgamating which are
partly modifications of an invention of the said Charles Morel for which Letters
Patent No. 17189 A.D. 1888 were granted for a machine to be used for dry
crushing and grinding.
Our present apparatus is for crushing, grinding, and sieving hard substances with
water or other liquid, such as ores of tin, gold quartz &c., which it was not possible
to do with the aforesaid mill as described in the above cited Letters Patent.
Our improved machine for this purpose consists principally of one or more hard
chilled iron or steel balls or other material rolling in the interior side or circular
path of a horizontally fixed ring, against the inner side of which they are pressed
by centrifugal force obtained by rotating the vertical spindle at a suitable speed.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation and Fig. 2, Sheet 1, is a sectional plan of our
improved mill according to the first part of our said invention. The same letters of
reference denote the same parts in all the drawings. The ball A (when only one is
used) is driven by a circular disc B keyed to the vertical spindle C and pressing
upon the said ball A either by dead weight or a suitable spring arrangement D or
by lever and weight not shown. In Fig. 1, a spring inclosed within a cap screwed
to the projecting boss of the top bearing and adjusted by the hand-wheel
upon a steel toe-piece let into the vertical spindle C, illustrates one method of
presses
putting on the necessary pressure for crushing and grinding but affords sufficient
elasticity to give way under excessive resistance. Eis the belt driving pulley:
F is the circular feed tube; G is a circular screen surrounding the crushing ring to
fix the degree of crushing; G is an agitator to drive the crushed material
through G. H is a renewable wearing path bolted to bedplate I which may be
cast with or attached to the main frame of mill K. Water is admitted along with
the rough material through the centre tube and thence through the passage C' of
the driving plate where it is reduced to a fine pulp by the ball.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section and Fig. 4 a sectional plan, Sheet 2, of our improved
underdriven wet crushing mill, forming the second part of our invention when a
number of balls A are used. These balls are propelled by arms D radiating from a
centre boss C¹ keyed to the vertical spindle C, which is made to revolve rapidly by
means of bevel gear E and cross shaft. F is the central feed tube. G is the finely

page_text: perforated grid or grate for the material to escape into the trough I.
J are copper
amalgamating plates for catching the free gold when grinding quartz; K is the
circular frame of the mill. B is a circular cover ring, to prevent the balls A from
rising, and for binding the pushing arms D with the renewable pusher pieces b, fixed
thereon.
When grinding materials for pottery-ware, barytes &c., we construct the said
balls A and crushing ring H of porcelain or other non-corrosive material to prevent
oxidising the substance under operation.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section, Sheet 3, of our combined wet grinding mill and
circular amalgamator for quartz &c. A are balls B the cover ring; C the upright
driving shaft; C the centre boss with radial arms D; E bevel driving gear,
F centre feed tube, G perforated grates or gauze preferably set at an inclination
to mill. H grinding ring; I bottom footstep and bearing bracket. J, copper
amalgamated circular shoot: K copper amalgamated corrugated plate containing
quicksilver with retaining lip. L muller.
The operations are alike in all the mills viz. :-The material with water is fed
through the centre tube by means of a hopper and shaking shoe in any usual
manner; they are passed by centrifugal force under the action of the ball or balls
against the ring where they are reduced to a fine pulp, where they are forced
through the grates or gauze by the action of the radial arms: the water acts in all
cases as the carrying medium. The pulp is delivered in Fig. 1 & 2, behind the
crushing ring H but within the mill frame to a suitable receptacle below or as in
Fig. 3 & 4 through the grates and into a trough surrounding the mill frame on the
outside. In Fig. 5, the pulp is delivered through the grate or gauze set at an
angle and falls immediately behind the grinding ring upon the amalgamator plates
when the particles of gold are seized and the crushed quartz delivered by the
inclined shoot J as tailings for further treatment.
We would here remark that various modifications may be made in the construction
of the machines without departing from the character of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1° A crushing machine as shown in Figs. 1 & 2 substantially as described.
20 A crushing machine as shown in Figs. 3 & 4 substantially as described.
3° A crushing machine as shown in Fig. 5 with corrugated amalgamator and
delivery shoot substantially as described.
Dated this Fifth day of February 1891.