IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRE- PARING AND SPINNING OR PRODUCING MOTLEY YARNS FROM ROVINGS OF UNEQUAL THICKNESSES OF WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hodgson and Henry Hodgson, of Thornton
Road, Bradford, in the County of York, Machine and Tool Makers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRE-
PARING AND SPINNING OR PRODUCING MOTLEY YARNS FROM ROVINGS OF UNEQUAL
THICKNESSES OF WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Scaled the 25th November 1858, and dated the 29th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hodgson and
Henry Hodgson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 29th May 1858.
We, WILLIAM HODGSON and HENRY HODGSON, of Thornton Road, Bradford,
in the County of York, Machine and Tool Makers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING OR PRODUCING MOTLEY YARNS FROM ROVINGS OF
UNEQUAL THICKNESSES OF WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
Heretofore two colors of rovings have been combined or spun together,
and in order to produce the desired effect in such yarns, one of the colors
has been made to predominate more or less over the other by making a
difference in the relative thicknesses of the two rovings, but because of both
thick and small rovings having to pass between the same pair of nip rollers
(or "back rollers ") the smaller roving is not nipped or held sufficiently tight

page_text: for the "drawing" operation, but occasionally slips, and thus produces irre-
gularities or imperfections in the yarn.
To remedy this defect we employ an additional nip roller or pair of rollers,
(that is to say,) in place of only one pair of rollers we use three rollers, placed
one over the other, the smaller roving passing first over the top roller and
betwixt the two uppermost, and then along with the other or thick roving
between the second and third rollers, thus giving to the small roving an
individual or independent nip. Or we employ an additional pair of nip
rollers, arranged in such manner that the small roving shall first pass betwixt
them, and thereby have an independent nip before it joins the thick roving;
by which means or contrivance we are enabled to combine rovings of any
desired proportions or unequal relative thicknesses.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Hodgson and Henry Hodgson. in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 29th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HODGSON and HENRY HODGSON, of Thorton Road, Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine and Tool Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said William Hodgson and Henry Hodgson, Her special licence
that we, the said William Hodgson and Henry Hodgson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Hodgson
and Henry Hodgson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully night make,
usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING OR PRODUCING
MOTLEY YARNS FROM ROVINGS OF UNEQUAL THICKNESSES OF WOOL OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Hodgson and Henry Hodgson, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Hodgson and Henry
Hodgson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
Ieretofore, two colors of rovings liave been combined or spun together, and
in order to produce the desired effect in such yarns one of the colors has been
made to predominate more or less over the other by making a difference in
the relative thicknesses of the two rovings, but as both thick and small
rovings have had to pass between the same pair of nip or "back rollers" the
smaller roving is not nipped or held sufficiently tight for the " drawing"
operation, but occasionally slips, and thus produces irregularities or im-
perfections in the yarn.
To remedy this defect we employ an additional nip roller or pair of rollers,
(that is to say,) in place of only one pair of back rollers we use three rollers,
placed one over the other, or in such other relative positions that the smaller
roving passes first over the top roller and betwixt the two uppermost or first
and second, and then along with the other or thick roving between the second
and third rollers, thus giving to the small roving an individual or independent
nip. Or we employ an additional pair of nip rollers, arranged in such manner
that the small roving shall first pass betwixt them, and thereby have an
independent nip before it joins the thick roving; by which means or con-
trivance we are enabled to combine rovings of any desired proportions or
unequal relative thicknesses.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood, and the manner or
arrangement we have found best for carrying the same into practical operation,
we give the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and the letters of reference
thereon, similar letters referring to the same parts in each Figure.
Fig. 1 represents an elevation or an end view of a series or set of drawing
rollers, with bobbins for thick and small rovings; and Fig. 2 is a plan of the
samo. A is the thick roving bobbin, and B is the small one; C is the fluted
back roller," and D is the back pressing roller; E, E, E, are the iron carry-
ing rollers, and F, F, F, the pressing rollers; G is the "front" or drawing
roller, and H the pressing roller. The whole of these are arranged as in
ordinary use, and it will be evident that if two different thicknesses of rovings
pass betwixt the back rollers side by side, both cannot be equally pressed or
held from slipping during the drawing operation. But by the application of

page_text: the additional roller I, pressed against the fluted back roller, the small roving
first passing betwixt the rollers I and C, as shewn by the dotted line J, before
it joins the thick roving K to pass together betwixt the rollers C, D, it will
be readily perceived that both thick and small rovings will be equally nipped
or held from slipping. And by having the pressing rollers F, F, F, made in
single lengths, as shewn on the plan, with one end slightly heavier than the
other, they will also press more equally on the two rovings than if made in
double lengths as heretofore. The three back or nip rollers may be arranged
one over the other, or in other relative positions than herein shewn; but
we have represented the relative positions that we have hitherto found to
answer best and incurring the least cost in application to existing machinery.
Fig. 3 represents an arrangement of two pairs of nip rollers, which will
answer the purpose equally well, yet the cost of applying them will be greater;
therefore, we prefer the preceding arrangement of three rollers, as set forth.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed or carried into practice, we
would have it distinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the
precise details of arrangement and construction of the parts or apparatus as
herein set forth; but what we claim and believe to be new within the realin
is, the use and application to machinery or apparatus for preparing and spin-
ning motley or "mottled" yarns from rovings of unequal thicknesses of wool
or other fibrous substances of one or two additional nip rollers for giving an
individual or independent nip to the small roving before it joins the thick
roving to pass together betwixt the ordinary "back rollers."
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Hodgson, for and on behalf of
myself and the said William Hodgson, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Henry Hodgson in
the presence of,
W TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.
HENRY HODGSON. (L.S.)