Improvements in the Purification of Iron.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 9th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 28th Oct., 1893
· PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Purification of Iron.
I, ERNEST HENRY SANITER of 11 New Market Street Wigan in the County of
Lancaster Analytical and Metallurgical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
These improvements are on the process described in my Specification No. 8612A,
1892 in which chloride of calcium & lime or limestone or hydrate of lime are used
for the purification of iron from sulphur. I now use with these before named
substances & in addition or to replace some of them in whole or in part chloride
of sodium, chloride of potassium, chloride of magnesium chloride of barium,
chloride of manganese chloride of iron, fluoride of calcium borate of soda & oxide
of iron. Mixtures, of any or all of the before mentioned substances, are allowed
to act on the hot-molten iron in a ladle or receiver in the manner described in the
before mentioned Specification or in a Ponsard or other suitable form of furnace.
These improvements are applicable for the removal of silicon & sulphur from
iron.
E. H. SANITER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Purification of Iron.
I, ERNEST HENRY SANITER of 11 New Market Street, Wigan, in the County
of Lancaster, Analytical and Metallurgical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in the processes described -
in my previous Patents No. 8612, No. 8612A and No. 17692, all of 1892.
I have found that mixtures of both chloride and fluoride of calcium with lime
or other oxide hydrate or carbonate of an alkaline earth give good results, and
that, when the metal is very hot, a mixture of fluor spar and lime alone may be.
used with advantage. I find about 18 pounds of the chloride and (or) fluoride of
calcium mixed with 20 pounds of lime to a ton of iron to be suitable proportions.
The proportion of chloride to fluoride is increased or decreased as the metal is
colder or hotter, and is left out altogether if the metal is very hot.
In either of the above cases, a portion of the lime may be replaced by its
equivalent of limestone, or hydrate of lime the carbonic acid gas or steam evolved
stirring the metal and causing it to come in contact with the slag, this, however, is
not essential. I further find that a part of the chloride or fluoride of calcium
may be replaced by chlorides of sodium, potassium, magnesium, barium, iron, and
manganese and borate of soda, but there is no advantage in doing this, as the
chloride and fluoride of calcium are most efficient.
The mixture is then placed on the bottom of the ladle or receiver, the iron run
in and the mixture allowed to act upon it as it melts and rises through the metal as
described in my Patents aforesaid.
I find that, when the ladle is very large or it is desirable to economise the
quantity of mixture used, a ready means of keeping the mixture in position is to
form a well in the centre of ladle bottom of such a size that the mixture forms
a layer about 9 inches thick. This well is formed by bricking the ladle up to

page_text: give a well about 12 inches deep and of the required diameter to hold the weight
of mixture to be used.
In filling the ladle, the metal may be poured on the step of brickwork thus formed,
in this way, the metal covers the mixture without cutting into it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The improvement in the process of purifying iron set forth in my former
Patents Nos. 8612, 8612A and 17692 all of 1892, which consists in the combined
use of chloride and fluoride of alkaline earth metal in conjunction with the oxide,
carbonate or hydrate (or mixtures of these, of an alkaline earth metal, substantially
as described.
"
2. The use in substitution of part of the chloride or fluoride of the alkaline
earth metal in the "Saniter process of purifying iron, of an alkaline or other
chloride or fluoride or borate, substantially as described.
Dated this 8th day of September 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Nottingham, and London, Patent Agents.