Improvements in Adjustable Spanners or Wrenches.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application 23rd July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1890-Accepted, 3rd May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners or Wrenches.
I, JOHN WOODWARD, of 126 Chorlton Road, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to make spanners or wrenches at little cost, and of
greater range of size and strength than those of ordinary construction. I prefer to
make the parts of cast steel, the handle and fixed jaw forming one casting, with a square
hole near the jaw part in a diagonal line in respect to the lengthway of the
handle, this square hole in the jaw part be made round at what I will term the
inside end.
The movable jaw has an arm at a right angle to it, square on its exterior which
fits and can slide to and fro, and is guided in the said square hole, and the axis of
this sliding arm of the adjustable jaw has a hole through its lengthway, screw tapped
at one end, for a screw in the axis of the square hole which screws into it.
This screw has or may have a head by which it can be rotated, to adjust the
movable jaw and to hold it from moving when in use, the head of the screw being
milled or otherwise serrated or toothed to give hold to rotate it, and it comes or may
come against the metal at the inside end of the square hole.
The screw has a groove round its neck part, (which may fit the round part of the
square hole) into which the side of one or two pins can enter, passed through holes
in the metal round the square hole, and secured therein by being rivetted, and this
pin or these pins act to prevent the screw from moving end ways or moving end ways
in one direction the head acting to prevent end movement in the other direction.
If desired and to prevent the movable jaw from being screwed entirely off the
end of the screw, a pin is or may be passed through a hole near its end which pin
is first passed through a hole in the metal round the sides of the square hole, or other
arrangements may be used for effecting this object.
Data thin Thantre cround day of July 1880
PETER J. LIVSEY.
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners or Wrenches.
I, JOHN WOODWARD, of 126 Chorlton Road, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to make spanners or wrenches at little cost, and of
greater range of size and strength than those of ordinary construction. I prefer to
make the parts of cast steel or other suitable metal, the handle and fixed jaw forming
one casting or part; with a square hole near the jaw part in a diagonal line in respect
to the lengthway of the handle this square hole in the jaw part is made round if
preferred at what I will terin the inside ond.
The movable jaw has an arm at a right angle to it, square on its exterior which
fits and can slide to and fro, and is guided in the said square hole, and the axis of
this sliding arm of the adjustable jaw has a hole through its lengthway, screw
tapped at one end, for a screw in the axis of the square hole which screws
into it.

page_text: This screw has or may have a head by which it can be rotated, to adjust the
movable jaw and to hold it from moving when in use, the head of the screw being
milled or otherwise serrated or toothed to give hold to rotate it, and it comes or
may come against the metal at the inside ond of the square hole.
The screw has a groove round its neck part, (which may fit the round part of the
square hole) into which the side of one or two pins can enter, passed through holes
in the metal round the square hole and secured therein by being rivetted, or by
being screwed in and this pin, or these pins act to prevent the screw from moving
end ways or moving endways in one direction, the head acting to prevent end
movement in the other direction.
If desired and to prevent the movable jaw from being screwed entirely off the end
of the scrow, a pin is or may be passed through a hole near its end, which pin is
first passed through a hole in the metal round the sides of the square hole, or other
arrangements such as a screw, may be used for effecting this object.
Fig. 1 is a side view of an improved spanner or wrench according to my
invention.
Fig. 2 is a similar view but with the jaw part shown in section, the plane of the
section being parallel with a line passing through the axis of the screw holding and
actuating the movable jaw.
Fig. 3 a view of the jaw part, and a part of the handle looking at the head and
in the line of the axis of the screw actuating the movable jaw, and
Fig. 4 is a view at the opposite side of the jaws.
a, is the handle with which one jaw a¹, is solid.
In the metal below this jaw a square hole a³, see fig. 3, is formed in a diagonal
direction in relation to the handle of the wrench, and in this square hole the arm b¹,
from the movable jaw b, fits and can slide.freely to and fro. In the axis of the arm 1,
there is a hole which is screw tapped at one end for a screw, c, which has a milled,
serrated or other roughened head c¹, to give hold to rotate it.
This screw c, is enlarged in diameter near its head c', and the enlarged part has
a groove c³, formed in it, as shown, and into this groove the point of a screw d, can
enter when screwed through the metal near the jaw a¹. Or one or two pins d', are
or may be passed through holes in the metal below the jaw a¹, and through the
groove ², and this pin or pins d', may be rivetted to secure them in position, or one
end of the pin or pins may be screwed to screw into a screw tapped hole in the side
of the metal, see fig. 3.
The pins or screws do not prevent the screw c, from revolving freely, but prevent
it from moving outwards, when the jaw is being screwed open to take a larger nut,
the head c', of the screw taking the strain that comes upon the jaw b, when used for
rotating a screw nut.
The square hole a², at that end where the head c, is, may be enlarged if desired
to form a circle in length equal to the enlarged part of the screw c, for the
groove c².
The hole in the axis of the arm b₁, is enlarged at the outside end to give free
space for the head of a screw c³, which is screwed into a screw tapped hole in the
axis of the end of the screw e, as shown.
The head of this screw c³, prevents the movable jaw b, from being screwed too far
outwards.
The screw thread for the screw c³, may be reversed in direction to that of the
thread on the exterior of the screw c, so as not to be likely to unscrew after a time
when the movable jaw b, is screwed outwards to its greatest extent.
Or in place of the screw c³, and screw c, having reverse screw threads they may
have screw threads of the same direction, a washer being used between the head of
the check screw c³, and the end of the screw c.
This washer has a square hole in it, fitting upon a square formed upon the
end of the screw c, so as to rotate with it and prevent the friction of rotation,
when in contact with the shoulder on the enlarged hole 6, from unscrewing the
screw ca

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
The construction and combination of parts to form screw spanners or wrenches as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this First day of April 1890
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.