matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 1888
Specification Accepted, 7th Dec., 1888
I JULIUS QUAGLIO of 25, Louisenstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Several defects attend the use of extracts of meat serving for the preparation of
beef tea, broth, or bouillon.
First. There is a difficulty in exactly gauging the right quantity to use, as the
directions: as much as will lay on the point of a knife, half a tea spoonful or the like,
cause almost in each case an inaccurate estimate to be formed.
Secondly. There is a deficiency of fat.
Thirdly. An absence of salt, and
" Bouillon-
Fourthly. The taste of vegetables generally added to soup is entirely wanting.
All the above defects are remedied by the use of my improved
capsules."
Furthermore; the bouillon capsules prepared or manufactured according to my
invention are more convenient for use and unlike the extracts of meat they do not
require to be packed in pots of various sizes which entails a consequent increase in
the freight and duty.
In carrying my invention into practice I.place in a capsule made of gelatino or
other soluble material a quantity of extract of meat, corresponding exactly to, say, a
cup or a soup plate full of Bouillon, such extract forming the bottom layer, while the
upper layers are composed of a suitable quantity of pure fat, and of a certain amount
of extract of soup-vegetables and of common salt. Or the whole of the ingredients
may be intimately mixed together in any suitable proportion and serve likewise to
fill the capsules before mentioned.
When required for use these capsules containing the bouillon are placed in a
suitable quantity of hot water and are stirred until dissolved when they form the most
tasty beef tea, broth, or bouillon, ever prepared.
For certain purposes and for the use of persons having a delicate stomach or
suffering from dyspepsia, Pepsin, hydrochloric acid or other medicinal drugs or
compounds may be added to and mixed with the above.
Instead of gelatine I may use collodion or other suitable soluble material.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
1 claim is:
1. The manufacture of soup, or Bouillon-capsules by filling a case of gelatine or
other soluble material with extract of meat, extract of vegetables, fat, and salt in
separate layers or mixed in combination substantially as described.
2. The use of soluble capsules' containing extracts of food for making beef tea,
broth or bouillon, as set forth.
Improvements in the Necks and Stoppers of Bottles and Jars.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Feb., 1888
Specification Accepted, 16th Mar.. 1888
Improvements in the Necks and Stoppers of Bottles and Jars.
I BENEDICT VON POSCHINGER of Oberzwieselan in the Kingdom of Bavaria,
Knight do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The improved closing comprises a stopper. having projections and certain inclined
grooves in the neck of the jar or bottle for reception and guiding of such projections
so that by a short turning of the stopper the latter is pressed down thus producing
with the aid of a washer if necessary a perfectly tight but easily loosened closing.
Referring to the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a jar or bottle and stopper therefor.
Fig. 2 an elevational view of the stopper as seen from the right of Fig. 1. the jar
being in elevational section.
Fig. 3 the jar with stopper inserted as seen from the rear of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 the jar with stopper fixed in elevational section, the jar in the position shown
in Fig. 3, the stopper turned and fixed.
As shown, the projections a which may have any convenient shape are arranged
opposite to each other on the circumference of the (hollow or solid) stopper / the
latter being provided above said projections with a flange c. The neck of the jar
carries a corresponding offset or flange c for reception of the flange c when the
stopper is inserted. On said offset c¹ is the washer d of rubber or suitable packing.
Below, in the body of the neck is the substantially horizontal groove e passing
vertically upward at e e, the said groove may either extend entirely round the neck
or it may be interrupted as shown in Fig. 1.
As the projections a are in contact with the upper edges of the grooves the latter
are inclined gradually downward from the entrance e e and the lid is thus rigidly
pressed onto the washer d thus producing a perfect closing. As the projections a need
have but a small surface, friction against the grooves is not very great and the stopper
can be easily unfastened.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The combination of a stopper having flange cand projections a a extending from
the body of said stopper below said flange, with the neck of a bottle, jar or the like
having a groove or grooves e¹ open towards the interior of the neck, entrance or
entrances e to said groove or grooves; with or without flange c, and washer d in said
flange as set forth.
Year: 1888

page_text: The circular dies have semicircular grooves around their peripheries, whilst the edges
of the dies form cutters or circular knives, or the dies may be constructed in the form
of grooved rollers.
The action is as follows;-a piece of sheet or other suitable rubber is placed between
the dies or cutters and the screws are turned so as to bring the cutters of the top die
close to the cutters of the bottom die and the machine is set in motion by turning the
fly or balance wheel, the dies revolve with the shafts, and press, cut, and form the
tyres or cords the size required, according to the size of the dies, one or two dies may
be on each shaft end, preferably of two sizes.
Various sizes of dies are kept, so that they can be easily placed upon the shafts
according to the size of cord, tyre, or packing to be cut or formed.
By this apparatus solid lengths of cord are made, or solid tyres are formed; the
tyres can be taken out by raising the top dies, by the screws and hand wheels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, we would have it understood, that we do
not limit ourselves, to the number of circular dies, nor to the manner of driving them,
but we declare that what we claim is :-
1. The manufacture of solid indiarubber cords, tyres, and packing, by means of
circular revolving dies or their equivalents as shown and described.
2. Adjusting such dies vertically and laterally for the purposes shown and
described.
3. The general arrangement and construction of apparatus for manufacturing solid
cords, tyres or packing, as and for the purposes shown and described.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in Children's Carriages and Toy Horses when connected with the same or similar Vehicles.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 31st Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 16th Mar., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Children's Carriages and Toy Horses when connected
with the same or similar Vehicles.
I, JOHN SMITHERS Fern Glen Kingston-on-Thames Corn Merchant do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention consists of a Seat (chair or otherwise) fixed behind a toy Horse which
latter is made to move up and down to imitate galloping by means of a cranked axle
as the Carriage is propelled forward; in this style it will take the place of a
perambulator. The Horse itself if large enough can be ridden by children, special
saddles being fixed to suit either boys or girls. This same notion may be applied
to all toy Horses when connected with carts, wagons &c.

page_text: Improvements in Children's Carriages and Toy Horses when connected
with the same or similar Vehicles.
I, JOHN SMITHERS Fern Glen Kingston-on-Thames Corn Merchant do. hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention consists of placing a chair or seat behind a toy horse or horses see
(Fig. 1.) which is fixed to the frame holding the chair or seat & which is mounted
upon wheels. As this carriage is propelled forward the front pair of wheels in
revolving turns the axle which is cranked see (Fig. 1. & II. A.) and connected to
this cranked axle is a rod or rods (see B) which is attached to the horse or horses
and thus as the axle revolves the horse or horses move up and down having a
galloping motion. The centre of the horse or horses being hung on a pivot (see C)
running right through tho hody and attached to the frame forming shafts they
balance, therefore when the horse or horses are large enough a child may ride the
horse as well as others on the seat. The horse or horses may be attached in a
similar manner to any kind of vehicle such as toy Carts (see Fig. III.) or
Wagons &c.
Fig. I. Is a view shewing the combination as a kind of Perambulator.
Fig. II. Shows the motion more particularly also with double cranked axle for
two horses.
Fig. III. Shows another form of the combination as a toy cart.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The combining of a horse or horses to a carriage or seat the horse or horses
being made to gallop in imitation of an ordinary natural horse & trap and in this
form being a kind of Perambulator; also the same combination to other vehicles
such as toy carts, wagons &c.
Dated this 31st day of January 1889
Year: 1888

page_text: LOUISA ROGERS of 175 New Bond Street London, Dressmaker & Milliner, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This my invention has reference to parasols, and consists mainly in the method for
ornamenting the cover, in a simple and neat manner with any design, configuration or
pattern.
Parasols ornamented according to my invention have the appearance of having been
"crewel worked " but are less expensive to manufacture.
I now proceed to describe my said invention, reference being had to the accom-
panying drawing and the letters of reference marked thereon.
The figure in the drawing represents a parasol made in accordance with my
invention.
The cover A is preferably made of lisse or other suitable material which is more or
less transparent and is of double thickness forming a double cover hereinafter referred
to as the upper and lower covers.
The upper cover is shewn torn away at B and thrown back as indicated by the
dotted lines in order to better illustrate the nature of my invention.
The ornamentation C consists of flowers, leaves, or other desired designs such as
Ribbons, Laces &c., or patterns which are crewelled, woven or otherwise worked upon
a ground of any suitable material which is then trimmed off to the edge of the design
or pattern.
The ornamentation made as above is sewn, fastened with an adhesive, or otherwise
attached to the upper surface of the lower cover, and between the upper and lower
covers.
The material with which the cover A is constructed being more or less transparent
allows of the ornamentation being clearly visible through the upper cover, which
tends to tone down the various colours, thereby imparting to them a pleasing and
attractive appearance.

page_text: Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare what I claim is :-
:―
A parasol having the cover made of thin transparent or partially transparent
material said cover being double, and having any suitable design pattern, or con-
figuration, sewn or otherwise attached to the upper surface of the under side of the
cover and between the upper and lower covers, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and shewn in the drawing hereunto annexed.
Dated this Fourth day of October One thousand eight hundred and eighty
eight
BROWNE & ATKINSON,
Agents for Applicant.
Butter-coolers, and similar Vessels.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Feb., 1888
Specification Accepted, 9th Mar., 1888
Butter-coolers, and similar Vessels.
I, HENRY HARRISON, of 11 Bangor Street, Broomhall, Sheffield in the County of
York, Brittania Metal Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN ATTACHING LIDS TO JUGS, BISCUIT-BOXES, HONEY-JARS, BUTTER-
COOLERS AND SIMILAR VESSELS, and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in a lid for jugs and the like vessels made in
the manner hereinafter described which may be attached to any vessel the top of
which is of a like size and shape.
The lid is made in two parts; the back part being attached to the front part by
means of a hinge and having two clasps, one on either side, and a guide which fits
on to the handle of the vessel as shown in Figs. I & II of accompanying drawings.
The said clasps hold the said lid tightly thereto. A small knob is attached to the
front part of the lid and passes through a hole in the back part thereof, so that when
the thumb is placed on the said knob and pressed down it raises the front part of the
lid and allows free access for the contents of the vessel.
By this invention I dispense with the metal rim running round the tops of hot
water jugs and vessels of a like nature which require a lid.
The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention. The same letters of reference
apply to the different views :-
Fig. I. is a plan of the lid of a jug showing the front part A attached to the
back part B by a hinge C. the back part having two clasps D and a guide E
fitting the handle to prevent its moving. Also a small knob F fitted to the front
part of the lid A but passing through the back part B. for the purpose of raising the
front part of the lid A.
Fig. II. is a plan of the underside of the lid shewing the clasps D., the guide E and
the sumall knob F fitted to the front part of the lid.
Fig. III is a side view in elevation shewing the lid attached to a jug, the lid being
closed.
Fig. IV is a side view in elevation shewing the lid onen.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
Improvements in moveable lids for jugs and other similar vessels which may be
easily and securely attached to any vessel whose top is of a like size and shaped to
the said lid by clasps as hereintofore described and as illustrated by accompanying
drawings.
Year: 1888

page_text: I JOHN WRAGG File Smith No. 9 Preston Street Sheffield in the County of York
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
:-
When the seats of existing water taps are worn on the surface with the Constant
pressure of water they are rough unlevel and the washer has no effect the water cannot
be shut of while in that state and is termed by the trade worn out.
My discovery is to reface or dress or level the worn seats of existing water taps.
I reface with a rose bit or such like tool.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Refacing or Dressing Worn Seats of Existing Water Taps.
JOHN WRAGG File Smith No. 9 Preston Street Lowfields Sheffield in the County
of York do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner tho
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My method to dress up the seats of the taps which are worn by the Constant pressure
of water when the scats are worn out with the Constant pressure there are little
grooves worn on the surface of the seats making it useless in its then present state my
method is dressing out those little grooves and dressing the seats of the taps level and
smooth as when new by this means the tap will be as good as when new there will be
a saving of sixty per cent. they can be dressed without taking the taps off thereby
saving the expense of a new tap.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim for
my novelty
The seat of the tap being dressed or levelled up when worn out so that the washer will i
fit level on the seat of the tap as when new thereby shutting off the pressure of the
water as by a new tap. I dress them by means of a rose bit or tool but this 1 do not
claim as new.
..
Year: 1888

page_text: I, JOHN NENO of 6 Albany Place, Plymouth in the county of Devon, general com-
mission agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention consists in an improved instrument used by bakers for placing
loaves of bread into and withdrawing them from baking ovens, and technically termed
a peel."
"
According to this invention a metal plate is screwed or otherwise fixed to each face
of the peel at the inner end of the slot which receives the handle. The plate, which
prevents warping, distortion and splitting of what may be called the blade of the
instrument overlaps the inner end of the slot.
The slot is provided on each inuer side with a tongue or fillet which takes into a
corresponding groove in the handle when the latter is applied thereto. After
insertion, the handle is screwed to the blade by screws or otherwise. The inner end
of the handle is overlapped on both sides by the metal plates above mentioned.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings, Fig. 1 thereon represents a plan
of the blade of the improved bakers' peel in which this invention consists. Fig. 2 is
an end view as seen from the end at which the handle is inserted. Fig. 3 represents
a side elevation of the handle. Fig. 4 is an end view of the front end thereof,
Over the inner end of the slot which receives the handle are two plates a
screwed or otherwise secured to the blade. These plates overlap the slot at each
side of which is a tongue or fillet b. In the handle are grooves c which receive the
tongues when the handle is applied to the blade. The inner end of the handie
After having
when slid "home" is overlapped above and below by the plates a.
been slid home in the blade the handle is secured to the blade by screws d or
otherwise.
The method of applying, supporting and fixing the handle imparts increased
strength and steadiness to the instrument as a whole.
Under a modification, the fillets or tongues b are formed on the handle and the
grooves in the sides of the slot in the blade.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. In a bakers' "peel," the use of plates such as a secured to each face of the
blade and overlapping the inner end of the slot or opening in which the handle is
inserted, substantially as described.
2. In a bakers' "peel," providing at each inner side of the slot or opening which
receives the handle, tongues or fillets such as band in the handle, grooves such as c
for reception of the tongues or fillets of the blade, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
3. In a bakers' "peel," providing grooves at each inner side of the slot or opening
which receives the handle and furnishing the handle with tongues or fillets to take
into the grooves in the blade.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st May, 1888
Specification Accepted, 1st June, 1888
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to preserve meat, fish, vegetables, etcetera, and to
exsiccate hides prepared for tanning; it may be applied to all kinds of organic
substances, as also to dead bodies.
The ingredients used for this purpose is Silicate of Potash or Silicate of Soda, in
which the objects should be dipped more or less gradually, according to their size and
nature.
The objects that have to be exsiccated, should be dried immediately after having
undergone this process. For fat meat, it is advisable to partially dry same in an
exsiccator beforehand, this precaution, however, is not absolutely necessary.
For returning to their original state the objects which have been exsiccated by this
process, it is sufficient to wash them in warm water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
The preservation from decomposition and exsiccation of organic substances, by
means of a coating of Silicate of Potash or Silicate of Soda.
DL: on 1
CA 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Lids of Jugs.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 20th May, 1889-Accepted, 6th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lids of Jugs.
WILLIAM EDWARD DUNN 21 Selwyn Street Shelton Stoke on Trent EDWARD DUNN
(same address) (Designers) do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Removable self acting or balancing metal cover for Jugs, no permanent mount or
fixture being required in connection therewith.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR IMPROVEMENTS IN LIDS OF JUGS.
A. A. A. Metal lid suspended, or balanced, at B. B. and supported by cross wires,
or bearings, resting on top of Jug at C. C. and by CCC. resting in a groove, or
trough, on top of handle of Jug at D.
Cross wires C. C. and CCC. are joined together under knob E.
The whole cover and bearings being maintained in position by placing the thumb,
an D. when in the act of pouring.
ADVANTAGES.
There is no spring, clip or fasten, on the lid or bearings-and no perforation
whatever is required, either partial or complete round top of Jug.
Dated this 21st Jan of Tul.. 1000
EDWARD DUNN,
WILLIAM EDWD. DUNN,
Inventors.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lids of Jugs.
WILLIAM EDWARD DUNN, (designer) 21 Selwyn Street Shelton, Stoke-on-Trent, &
EDWARD DUNN, Leek Road, Cobridge, Stoke-on-Trent, Potters' Draughtsman
& Designer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Drawing A shews self acting balancing metal lid, in use on jug, B plan of lid.
C perspective view of same. Ď balancing lid (self acting). E E, projections to rest
on rim of Jug. Fanother projection to rest in a groove or cone shaped recess, or
perforation on handle, or to drop into a perforation, partially or right through the
handle as shewn in drawing. The extremity F may be elongated having a thread to
receive a nut underneath the handle to secure lid on jug, or it may be held in its
place by the thumb as in drawing. G. G, bearings through which E, E. passes-on
which the balancing lid is suspended.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we do declare that
what we claim is.
1. The special feature in-this invention is that it is a self-balancing lid in which
there is neither any perforation, or preparation whatever required on rim of jug nor
any clasp whatsoever required in connection with the lid.
Improvements in Covered Chairs or Seats for Outdoor Use.
Year: 1888

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Covered Chairs or Seats for Outdoor Use.
WILLIAM MOORE 3 Christchurch Gardens Reading, Draper do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A chair or seat of any shape or size with sides and head cover or canopy of
openwork wicker wire, cane, bamboo or wood and over the same to be fitted a
cover of canvas, linen or cotton ticking, Holland or any other fabric of linen, cotton,
wool, Jute, Manilla or other grass fibre the said cover to be attached to the lower
part of the chair or seat in such a manner that it can be immediately removed
when desired.
The cover or canopy of the chair or seat may be circular or angular in form and
it may be made either as a part of the seat or separately so as to be attached to the
seat at will.
WILLIAM MOORE.

page_text: Improvements in Covered Chairs or Seats for Outdoor Use.
I WILLIAM MOORE Draper & House Furnisher 3 Christchurch Gardens Reading
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIRS AND
SEATS as described in title and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
A chair or seat of any shape or size with high sides and roof hereinafter called
a cover; or with high sides only hereinafter called a screen. The cover or screen
to be made of openwork wicker, wood, cane, wire or bamboo & over the same to
be fitted a covering of any suitable material of linen, wool, cotton or grass fibre.
This cover or screen may either be attached to the seat in a permanent manner or
temporarily attached in such a way that the two may be easily disconnected. They
may also be of various forms & sizes. It is not necessary that both the chair & the
cover or screen be made of the same materials.
More than one chair or seat may be attached to one cover or screen.
Any chair or seat with cover or screen complete to be quite portable. The covering
to be fixed so as to be easily detachable.
A. TIOM
C. Section showing top of Seat and Floor. S. Seat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. Novelty in the construction of covered chairs & seats for outdoor use; for
whereas in similar chairs hitherto made only part of the body of the sitters is protected
mine afford complete protection from sun & weather-the seats being so arranged
that the body of each sitter comes within the line of the front of roof.
2. I claim that my chair or seat with screen only to protect from draughts indoors
is entirely novel.
3. Although at present when a temporary attachment is desired I propose to use
hooks and eyes or ties of tape or ribbon, I claim the liberty to adopt any other
method of connection which may appear more convenient.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Dec.. 1888
Specification Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1889
The materials are heated separately to extract the moisture and then crushed into
coarse powder.
The powders are burned separately in close ovens, or kilns. The baked materials
are then mixed and are again run under the stones to bring the compound into fine
powder again, the second crushing amalgamating the particles.
The powder thus prepared is then ready for packing, like ordinary Portland Cement,
for which it is intended as a substitute for general surfacing plastering, building
moulding, and the like.
Any desired colouring matter can be added and instead of the materials being
mixed previous to packing, they may be packed separately and mixed just prior to
being used.
The compound when mixed with water, forms a plastic body, possessing great
tenacity, and is specially adapted for setting bricks, for lining, or covering walls, for
ceiling mouklings, for modelling and other analogous purposes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The described method of treating the materials named in, or about the proportions
specified and their admixture after the second crushing into fine powder, for use as a
cement, or as plaster for general building mouldings, and other purposes for which
Portland and like cements are now employed.
Dated this 20th
1000
Year: 1888

page_text: I, SAMUEL HENRY PARKER MOORE of Calstock, Willesden Lane, Brondesbury in
the County of Middlesex, Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide an envelope in which, by means of a
double fastening, greater security for the contents will be attained than heretofore,
and the invention is applicable to envelopes of all kinds which open at the longer
side, and also to bag envelopes of the smaller sizes now in common use.
In carrying out my invention, I form the top and bottom flaps of any suitable
shape, and of such a size that when folded down, they will both extend some distance
beyond the centre of the flap.
The lower flap is gummed down along a portion of its edge only, leaving the point
which will be subsequently gummed loose.--The upper flap will he gummed in the
usual manner.
When using the envelope, the contents will be inserted; the upper flap will then be
fastened down in the usual way, but under the lower flap, the point of which will then
be secured over the upper flap.
In this manner, I obtain a double fastening, which will give a double security
against tampering with the contents, and also prevent the contents, if of a bulky
nature, bursting open the envelope during transit.
1000
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
for Use in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel.
Year: 1888

page_text: for Use in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel.
I, ROBERT MAIN of Ardeer Cottage, Stevenston, Ayrshire, Ironmaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to better adapt for use in the manufacture of iron and
steel such ores of iron and manganese as are found in a pulverulent state or which it
may be advisable to reduce to that state. Amongst such ores are comprised some
kinds of manganese ore, Hematite iron ore, Limonite, Bog iron ore and more
especially the substance known as "Purple Ore" the residual product obtained in the
process of extracting sulphur and copper from iron and copper pyrites.
To render them suitable for use in blast or other iron producing furnaces or in the
open hearth process of steel manufacture it is advisable to convert such pulverulent
ores into solid blocks or pieces before use; and hitherto the consolidation of the ore
has been effected by the use of cement and other foreign matters which simply add to
the weight of material to be treated and the cost of manufacture.
Under my invention however I use for the purpose of agglomerating or consolidating
pulverulent ores of the kind referred to borings or turnings or other particles of cast
or wrought iron or steel which in proportion to the quantity employed add to the
weight and value of the product obtained from the iron smelting or steel furnace. I
mix the iron or steel borings or turnings with the ore in any suitable proportions such
for example as one part of borings or turnings to from five to twenty parts of ore and
grind the mixture adding water when the ore employed is dry or drying when the ore
is too wet; and I mould or form it into blocks or pieces with or without the aid of
mechanical pressure. The blocks or pieces are then allowed to stand until by oxidation
the materials of which they are composed are agglomerated or consolidated and firmly
cohere. To basten the oxidation and consequently effect the more rapid cohesion of
the particles of iron or steel and ore I in some cases add to the mixture chloride of
sodium or other oxidising agent either in solution or in the solid state.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The use of iron or steel borings or turnings as means for agglomerating or
consolidating into blocks or pieces pulverulent ores of iron or manganese substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The use of iron or steel borings or turnings in conjunction with chloride of
sodium or other oxidising agent as means for agglomerating or consolidating into
blocks or pieces pulverulent ores of iron or manganese substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agents.
Improvements in Catches for Securing the Bodies of Carts and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1888

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Catches for Securing the Bodies of Carts and other
Road Vehicles.
1, MATTHEW VICKERS, Catchburn Farm, Morpeth, Northumberland, Farmer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a Bar (with two Hooks or Snecks welded thereon,) placed
at right angles with the Shafts near the Head of the Bogie, or Cart, which aforesaid
Bar is secured by two threaded Eye-Bolts to the aforesaid Shafts, the Bar moving
from right to left through the aforesaid Eye Bolts, for the purpose of slipping off,
or on the pins which are placed on the part which tips, When the tip is brought
down to its normal position-the aforesaid Hooks grip on the Pius, & thereby hold it
down.
The action of the Bar is aided by a Spring fixed on the end of the Bar which gives
the gripping power. When required to be let loose for the purpose of tipping-the
Spring is pressed by the person in charge, which causes the Hooks to slip off for the
purpose of Emptying the Load.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Catches for Securing the Bodies of Carts and other
Road Vehicles.
1, MATHEW VICKERS Catchburn Farm Morpeth Northumberland Farmer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
:―
My Invention consists of a Bar with two Hooks (or Snecks,) welded thereon, placed
at right angles with the Shafts,-
-near the Head of the Bogey, or Cart.
Which aforesaid Bar (B) is secured by two threaded Eye-Bolts (F) to aforesaid
shafts (H) the Bar moving from right to left through the aforesaid Eye-Bolts,
for the purpose of slipping off, or on, the Pins (K), which are placed on the part
which tips.
When the part which tips is brought down to its normal position, the aforesaid
Hooks (A) grip on the Pins, (K) and thereby hold it down.
B
The action of the Bar is aided by a Spring (C), fixed on the end of the Bar,
which gives it gripping power; When required to be let loose for the purpose of
Tipping. By a Handle E. the aforesaid Spring is pressed by the person in charge,
which causes the Hooks to slip off for the purpose of Emptying the Load.
Refer to Drawings.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said Invention, & in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,―
1st. The Hooks in their particular position on the Bar, marked, A.
2nd. The Sliding Bar on which the Hooks are welded, marked, B.
3rd. The Spring attachment on the Bar, marked, C.
4th. The adjusting Eye-Bolts, marked, F.
5th. The Handle, marked, E.
6th. The pins on front of Bogie marked, K.
Dated this Eleventh day of October 1888.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Feb., 1888
Complete Left, 5th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th Apr., 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Automatically Unbolting Doors.
ROBERT SUTCLIFFE No. 4 Spring Terraco Eardley Road Streatham S.W. Builders
foreman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of this invention is to automatically unbolt the top, bottom, and side
bolts of any exit or entrance doors by the weight of a person, or persons, approaching
within 2 feet or more of the said doors, as may be required.
A portion of the floor marked F, will be framed the full width of doorway, and
hung on hinges H, so that upon the approach of one or more persons their weight
will cause the portion marked F to slope to a full of about th of an inch to nothing
thereby depressing the pedal lever L pivoted on the shaft S, and thereby raising the
other end, and driving the piston P, upwards through the bolt box K, to the floor level
and so automatically unbolt the door bolts B. Immediately the persons have passed
over the portion marked F. the pedal will replace itself by the action of the weights W,
and the doors can be rebolted.
The pedal is prevented from descending too far by the stop or catch marked C.
Sheet No. 4 shows several systems of bolts amongst others to which this invention
can be applied.
A detail of the 3 bolt action being shewn on Sheet No. 3. C being the cog wheel,
B the top and bottom bolts, and H the horizontal bolts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. Its action is original and automatic.
2. That it is of great utility for instantaneous exits, without resort to handles,
bolts, latches, or other fastenings.
3. That is is adaptable to doors, both single or double already in use whether in
wood or iron.
Dated this Fifth day of March 1888.
Year: 1888

page_text: I, HENRY BIRKBECK of 34 Southampton Buildings London in the County of
Middlesex Patent Agent (a communication to me from abroad by William Stone,
Lithographer of Toronto, in the province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada and John
Michael Fuchs, and Julius Carl Frederick Lang, Lithographers both of Brooklyn,
Kings County and State of New York United States of America) do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to an inproved sign-plate in which a metal foundation-plate
or backing is combined by an intermediate layer of cement with a face-layer of paper,
said paper being sized and varnished; said sign-plate being specially adapted for
lithographic work, such as show cards advertising pictures and the like; and the
invention consists of a sign-plate composed of a metal foundation-plate or backing
having a porous or roughened surface an intermediate layer of cement and a
face-layer of sized and varnished paper united with said foundation plate by
pressure.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front view of my improved
sign-plate with the parts of the different layers successively broken away and,
Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section on line xx, Figure 1.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
In the drawings a represents a metal foundation-plate or backing the surface of
which is made porous by treating it with a suitable acid. On this porous surface a
layer of cement, consisting advantageously of a mixture of fine varnish (such as used
by coach builders) and zinc-white is uniformly spread and then a layer c of paper
printed in suitable colours placed thereon and embodied therewith by strong pressure
in a suitable press. To protect the surface of the face-layer it is sized and finally
coated with varnish. By the pressure exerted on the different layers the paper is
thoroughly amalgamated by the intermediate layer of cement with the porous or
prepared surface of the plate, so that it is impossible to peel it off. The sizing and

page_text: varnishing protects the surface so that it can be handled shipped and exposed to
moisture in the same manner as the metal sign plates on which the pictures have been
painted or otherwise fixed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. A sign-plate, composed of a metal foundation-plate or backing having a porous
or roughened surface an intermediate layer of cement and a face-layer of paper united
to the foundation-plate by pressure, substantially as set forth.
2. A sign-plate, composed of a metal foundation-plate or backing having a porous
or roughened surface an intermediate layer of cement and a face-layer of sized and
varnished paper united with the foundation-plate by pressure, substantially as set
forth.
Year: 1888

page_text: I, ADOLF ERDMANN of 73 Süderstrasse Hamburg in the Empire of Germany
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :--
The object of this invention is to construct a tool or appliance by which curves or
curved surfaces may be set off or transferred, that is to say a tool capable of being
set to represent any curve or series of curves and thereafter serve as a template
thereof.
The tool consists of a straight rule to the end of which is pivoted the last of a series
of links pivoted to each other said links being so connected that after setting to the
curve the tool may be handled freely without displacement of the links." Such
connection may be made by rivets, head or thumb screws.
Reference being made to the annexed drawing-Fig. 1 is a plan view of the tool
as applied to a curved body m m. Fig. 2 is a side view of the gauge.
A is a straight bar to the end of which is attached the link series B, the said bar
may serve equally as a base line and as a handle to the tool. B is the series of links
connected as heretofore mentioned. In using the gauge for instance to form a tem-
plate of the curve m m, the straight edge A is laid against some straight surface
which serves as a base (if there be one) and the series of links are pressed into the
curve so as to take and hold the form thereof, on removing the gauge the tool will
retain the form of the curve.
The tool described is useful in the building of boats, in joinery work and generally
in mechanical work connected with curves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said,
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is;
A tool comprising a straight bar A with a series of links B pivoted or hinged
together and to the bar substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 6th love of Navambar 1908
Year: 1888

page_text: We, ROBERT CALVERT of 28, Pear Street, Fulledge, Burnley in the County of
Lancaster, Overlooker, and JACOB FARROW of 51, Belgrave Street, Burnley aforesaid,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to so arrange the spindle-stud, that a longer loom
spindle may be employed, without in any way increasing the size of the shuttle box.
For this purpose, we crank the spindle stud in the form of the letter L, the
horizontal part of which is bolted to the sley-sword. The other part or projecting
piece of the stud, which is in a plane at right angles to the part bolted to the sley-
sword, abuts against one end of the loom spindle.
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: $
We, ROBERT CALVERT of 28, Pear Street, Fulledge, Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Overlooker, and JACOB FARROW of 51, Belgrave Street, Burnley aforesaid,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—-
The object of this invention is to so arrange the spindle stud that a longer spindle
may be employed without in any way increasing the size of the shuttle-boxes of looms
for weaving.
For this purpose, the spindle stud is cranked to the form of the letter L the
horizontal part of which is bolted to the sley sword. The other part or projecting
piece of the stud is in a plane at right angles to the part bolted to the sley-sword so
that the end of the spindle may abut against the projecting part of the stud.
In the accompanying drawings the spindle stud is represented as having two
branches one at right angles to the other. The branch A is secured by the bolt B to
the back board Cand sley sword D whilst the branch E projects outwards at right
angles to receive the end of the spindle F as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, (scale half size).
To render the stud less liable to break, we make one portion of maleable iron, which
is represented full size in Figs. and 4. The remaining portion of the stud is of
This is
ordinary cast iron and surrounds the other as represented in Figs. 1 and 2.
effected by placing the portion represented in Figs. 3 and 4 in a mould when the
"other portion or outer part seen in Figs. 1 and 2 is cast upon it, and is firmly secured
thereto partly by the contraction of the metal so cast when cold, and partly by the
metal filling the indentation G. The parts H. 1. J. K. and L representing the sley,
box-front, sley-cap, reed, and crank-arm are of ordinary construction, and form no
part of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
The arrangement of a spindle stud, having two branches at right angles to each
other to admit of a spindle of an increased length substantially as shewn and described.
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent for the Applicants.
Year: 1888

page_text: HARRY WHITFIELD Manufacturing Manager 68 Broad Street Birmingham do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In my invention I apply a new material to the manufacture of cornice poles.
This material is bamboo canes, and I claim as my invention the manufacture of any
shape size or form of cornice pole of bamboo câne.

page_text: Improvements in Cornice Poles.
HARRY WHITFIELD Manufacturing Manager 68 Broad Street Birmingham do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In my invention I apply a new materiel to the manufacture of Cornice Poles.
This materiel is Bamboo Cane, and I claim as my invention the manufacture of any
shape size or form of Cornice Pole of bamboo cane.
To manufacture a cornice pole according to my invention I take a cane of bamboo
of the required thickness and length. I then with a rasp, file or grindstone smooth
the knots of the said cane in order that curtain rings shall run smoothly along the
pole. I plug the ends of the said cane to enable me to attach more easily an orna-
mental metal end to my patent pole. The poles are then varnished, polished, colored,
or used in the natural color.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The application of bamboo cane for the construction of Cornice poles.
2. The manufacture of Cornice poles of a new materiel, which materiel is Bamboo
Cane.
Dated this Third day of April A.D. 1889.
HARRY WHITFIELD.