Fabrics, Cardboard, and Wood Waterproof and Acid Proof.
Year: 1885

page_text: Fabrics, Cardboard, and Wood Waterproof and Acid Proof.
I, SAMUEL HOLT SHARP of 66 Basinghall Street, Leeds, Yorkshire, Wholesale
Stationer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED
MEANS AND METHOD OF MAKING WOVEN AND FELTED FABRICS, CARD BOARD, AND
WOOD WATERPROOF, AND ACID PROOF," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to means to be employed in making certain porous
materials water-proof, or impervious to moisture and acids, such as woven and
felted fabrics, gun-wads, card board, mill-board, straw-board, leather board wood,
and other like materials.
In order to carry out my Invention I subject any of the above named materials
to the action of heat, and remove therefrom by vacuum or otherwise all the
moisture contained therein, and whilst the materials are still hot I subject them to
a solution of liquid paraffin wax, to which is added a small quantity of paraffin
oil to enable the liquid wax to more easily penetrate into the materials under
operations.
After the above operations are completed I take the materials and pass them
between hot rollers so as to spread the wax more evenly over the whole piece.
When the materials thus operated upon have become cold, and the paraffin set,
I pass the said materials through cold calender rollers, and put on a heavy pressure
so as to solidify and finish the materials. When felted fabrics have to be used as
washers for steam pipe joints or for collars or washers in dynamo machines or similar
purposes, I subject the said felted fabric to another or second process previous to
the rolling and calendering operation.
This additional process is intended to make the felt more solid and compact than
it would be if only treated as above described. Before the felt has been treated
by the paraffin it is passed through a hot solution of gelatine or size mixed with
bichromate of potash, the proportion being about one fifth part of weight of potash
to the weight of the gelatine. The felt thus treated is allowed to cool and set,
when it is passed between rollers as previously explained, and hung up in the
atmosphere to dry by which means the material is tanned.

page_text: In some cases after the materials have been operated upon in the manner set
forth, and dried as described, they may be heated again and passed a second time
through the paraffin solution, so as to coat the outside of the materials with a thin
layer of paraffin.
Fabrics, felt, cardboard, and other materials treated in the above named manner
are not only made impervious to moisture, but are not destroyed by acids, and
when employed in dynamo machines as washers, they form good and durable
insulators.

page_text: An improved means аnd енной от шакшg woven auu геноц
Fabrics, Cardboard, and Wood Waterproof and Acid Proof.
I, SAMUEL HOLT SHARP of 66 Basinghall Street, Leeds, Yorkshire Wholesale
Stationer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED
MEANS AND METHOD OF MAKING WOVEN AND FELTED FABRICS CARD BOARD AND
WOOD WATERPROOF, AND ACID PROOF and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
"
My invention has reference to means to be employed in making woven and
felted fabrics waterproof or impervious to moisture and acids.
In order to carry out my invention when treating thin felt or thin fabric
I subject the said materials to the action of heat, and remove therefrom by vacuum
or otherwise all the moisture contained therein, and whilst the materials are still
hot I subject them to a solution of liquid wax, to which is added a quantity of
oxidized or drying oil to enable the liquid wax to more easily penetrate into the
materials under operations.
After the above operations are completed I take the materials and pass them
between hot rollers so as to spread the wax more evenly over the whole piece.
When the materials thus operated upon have become cold and the oil set, I pass
the said materials through cold calender rollers, and put on a heavy pressure so as
to solidify and finish the materials.
When treating thick felt or heavy woven fabrics which have to be used as
washers for steam pipe joints, or for collars or washers in dynamo machines or
similar purposes I subject the said materials to another process previous to rolling
and calendering operations. This additional process is intended to make the fabric
more solid and compact than it would be if only treated as above described.
Before the fabric has been treated by the drying oil, it is passed through a hot
solution of gelatine or size mixed with bichromate of potash, the proportion being
about one fifth part of weight of potash to the weight of the gelatine.
The fabric is afterwards treated as above described and allowed to cool and set
when it is passed between rollers as previously explained, and hung up in the
atmosphere to dry by which means the material is tanned.
In some cases after the materials have been operated upon in the manner set
forth and dried as described, they may be heated again, and passed a second time
through the oily solution, so as to coat the outside of the materials with a thin
layer of drying oil,
Fabrics and felted materials treated in the above named manner are not only
made impervious to moisture but they are not destroyed by acids, and when
employed in dynamo machines as washers they form good and durable insulators.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The making of woven and felted fabrics waterproof and acid proof, by means
of the bichromate of potash process used in combination with drying oils in
manner substantially as herein set forth.