Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1894)
Complete Specification Left, 7th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1895
We, THE STEEL FORGING & BALL BEARING CO. LTD. of 22 Chancery Lane,
in the County of London, and PERCY HOLYOAKE, also of 22 Chancery Lane,
aforesaid, Secretary, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in ball and roller bearings of that class
in which the radial pressure is taken by balls contained in cages rolling on hardened
surfaces, and in which separate provision is made for taking the end thrusts, as for
example a bearing of the kind described in the previous Specification of H. H. Lake
a communication from G. F. Simonds, No. 13483, dated 11 July 1893.
According to this invention we in some cases dispense with the balls that take
the end thrusts, and their containing cage, and substitute therefor washers or rings.
These washers may be made of any suitable material, as for example leather or felt
and may be placed between steel rings or shoulders, the latter being preferably
fixed either to the axle or to the box to prevent rattling. We may also employ a
ring of soft material as above mentioned at one end of the bearing and a gun metal
ring or collar at the other capable of being screwed up to take up the wear in the
aforesaid soft washer. Where it is desirable to use balls for taking the end thrust we
may place a steel washer having a soft washer behind it for the balls to run upon,
thus preventing the bearing from being damaged in case of sudden shock or blow.
In the above mentioned previous Specification is described an inner sleeve having
its outer surface on which the balls run converted to a sufficient depth and hardened.
In some cases we prefer to use two or more short sleeves of different diameter in
place of the above mentioned single sleeve, and place the largest sleeve in a position
where most of the load will fall. In this way a greater number of balls can be
used to take the load where it is greatest and consequently where the balls are
most needed. For example in a carriage axle we prefer to place two sleeves one at
each end of the bearing, the inner one (near the point of suspension) being of
greater diameter than the sleeve at the outer end of the bearing. The larger of
the said sleeves could also be utilised for the smaller sleeve at the outer end of a
larger bearing and in this way the number of different sized sleeves required for
the various sizes of bearings would be considerably reduced.
We may also employ in place of the balls in the aforesaid cages short rollers two
or more being placed in each cavity in the cage in such a manner that the openings
between the rollers in adjacent cavities do not occur in the same plane and thus the
wear is evenly distributed.
1004
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: 4344 WA4 4553
We, THE STEEL FORGING AND BALL BEARING Co. LD., of 22 Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, and PERCY HOLYOAKE, of the same address,
Secretary, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in ball and roller bearings of that kind
or class in which the radial pressure is sustained by halls or rollers contained in
cages and rolling on hardened surfaces, and in which separate provision is made
for resisting the end thrusts as described for example in the Specification of prior
Letters Patent No. 13483, dated 11 July 1893.
The bearing has steel washers upon which the balls that take the end thrust are
arranged to roll and according to one part of the present invention, we provide,
behind these steel washers, felt, leather, cork or other suitable packing material to
absorb shocks and to prevent injury to the bearing in case it receives a violent
blow or thrust. In some instances wc. dispense. with the balls that take the end
thrusts, and their containing cages, and rely upon the steel washers aforesaid and
the soft packing material to take the end thrusts and to absorb shocks.
Our invention also provides for the employment, in one axle of bearing surfaces
of different diameter, and comprises other improvements in detail as hereinafter
.described.
The accompanying drawing illustrates in central longitudinal section, broken at
the middle, a carriage axle-bearing constructed according to our invention.
A is the axle; B is the axle-box which is inserted and secured in the hub of the
wheel; C, C are the balls that sustain the radial pressure; D, D are the balls that
resist the end thrusts.
The balls C are contained in cages E and roll in contact with hardened steel
concentric sleeves or bushes F, G fitting respectively on the axle and in the axle-
box. Two pairs of such sleeves or bushes are employed in the bearing illustrated,
one near the outer and the other near the inner end of the axle-box. The sleeves
forming the inner pair are of larger diameter than those forming the outer pair,
and enclose more balls, a construction that allows of a large number of balls
being provided where the load is greatest and fewer where the load is least.
The balls D are contained in cages H and roll in contact with the plane surfaces
of parallel steel washers J, K at the inner end, and J, K, at the outer end. The
washers K, K' fit tightly within the axle-box and bear respectively against
internal shoulders b, b¹ formed in the said box; the washers J, J fit tightly on
the axle. The cages E and H are similar to those described in the Specification
hereinabove referred to.
Between the washer J and a shoulder A' formed on the axle is inserted a
quantity of soft packing L which may consist of felt, or of cork, leather or other
suitable rings, and between the washer J¹ and a loose.washer M on the axle is
inserted similar soft packing L'. N is a nut screwed on the axle and by means of
which the packing aforesaid is compressed and the axle-box is adjusted and
retained on the axle. When the parts become slack by reason of the wear of
the packing they can be re-adjusted by screwing up the nut N. O is a lock nut
screwed on the reduced end of the axle and serving to lock the nut N. One of
the said nuts is furnished with a right hand thread and the other with a lett
hand thread; both of them however may have right hand threads, or both may
have left hand threads.
The cage containing the balls C at the outer end of the bearing is prevented

page_text: from becoming axially displaced by the washer K' and lugs P formed on the axle-
box; and similarly, the cage at the larger end is kept in place by the washer K
and an internal shoulder 62 formed in the axle box. Slots or notches 63 are formed!
in the shoulder 6' to admit a tool for the purpose of extracting the sleeve G when
required. Between the shoulder 62 and the ends of the sleeves or bushes F, G we
place a ring or washer T in order to prevent lateral movement of the said sleeves
or bushes.
We sometimes secure the said sleeves or bushes by pins passed into the
axle and axle-box respectively.
The sleeves F, G and the washers J, J, K, K', instead of being made of
hardened high grade steel throughout are preferably made initially of low grade
steel, their working faces against which the balls are intended to roll being
subsequently converted for a sufficient depth by any suitable process into high
grade steel and hardened.
The outer end of the bearing is closed by a dust cap R screwed into the axle-box,
and the inner end is protected by a circular flange S formed on the axle and
adapted to enclose the inner end of the axle-box.
We sometimes in lieu of the balls C employ short cylindrical rollers, two or more
We preferably use rollers of different
being placed in each cavity of the cages E.
lengths and so arrange them that the spaces between the ends of the rollers in
adjacent cavities of the cage do not occur in the same plane and thus the wear is
evenly distributed.
In some instances we dispense with the balls D and their containing cages and
rely upon the steel rings or washers J, J, K, K' for taking the end thrusts and
upon the soft packing material L, L' as above described for preventing shock
and injury due to sudden blows. The steel rings or washers in this case would
not be made fast in the axle-box or on the axle but would be free to rotate.
The axles may be so constructed that the larger end of each axle has the
same size as the smaller end of a larger axle and in this way the number of
different sized sleeves required for the various sizes of bearings may be reduced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1. In a ball or roller bearing of the kind herein described the employment of the
soft packing material, in combination with the metal washers, with or without balls
between them, substantially as, and for the purpose, specified.
2. A ball or roller bearing furnished with pairs of sleeves or bushes of different
diameter between which the balls or rollers for sustaining the radial pressures are
arranged, substantially as, and for the purpose specified.
3. A ball bearing constructed substantially as described with reference to the
accompanying drawing, and for the purposes specified.
thin 7th day of September 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.