IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND VAPOURS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Steward Hazlehurst, of Runcorn, in the County of
Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING
NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND VAPOURS."
Sealed the 6th October 1877, and dated the 30th April 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Steward Hazlehurst
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1877.
GEORGE STEWARD HAZLEHURST, of Runcorn, in the County of Chester. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND
VAPOURS."
My Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for condensing and
otherwise utilizing noxious and other gases and vapours, and consists of a vessel,
being a "lute" of large dimensions and proportionately high, in which a pipe,
stopped at its upper end, is continually rising and falling. Concentric with the
lute" and inside the rising and falling pipe is a second pipe, forming an annular
space, in which the rising and falling pipe works. The pipes are liquor-filled.
"
Air, or noxious or other gases or vapours is supplied to the inside of the rising
and falling pipe, and as the pipe rises and falls, such air, or noxious or other gases or
vapours are drawn and expelled.
In lieu of valves through which the air or noxious or other gases or vapours is
drawn and expelled, I use a liquor trap having inlet and outlet pipes, placed under the
"lute," and so arranged that the liquor in the trap will allow the air, or noxious or other
gas or vapour to be drawn through it by the suction or uplifting of the rising and
falling pipe; but when the pipe descends, the liquor in the trap is forced up the
inlet to the trap, through which the air or noxious or other gas or vapour was
drawn, and thus the inlet pipe is stopped and an easier exit given in another
direction, through the outlet pipe from the trap which leads the air or noxious or
other gas or vapour to a tray, and under large flat plates which cover such tray.
The tray is liquor-filled or flooded, so that the water or other condensing liquid
touches the under surface of the large flat plates. The air, or noxious or other gas
or vapour spreads as a thin film between the liquor, flooding the tray and the plates,
being the cover of the same, and is thus condensed. If still partially uncondensed,
such air, gas, or vapour may be guided to other appliances.

page_text: A convenient arrangement consists in duplexing the apparatus just described,
and working the rising and falling pipes by a rocking beam, or by a chain to which
power is applied, whereby one interior pipe is being lowered while the other is being
raised.
If necessary, a film or layer of oil may be placed on the liquor in the pipes to
prevent the fumes from rising.
As the liquor in the pipes increases by condensation, such liquor overflows
through the interior pipe into the trap; and as the liquor in the trap accumulates,
it also overflows through the outlet pipe to the tray, from which it is drawn off.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Steward Hazlehurst in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th October 1877.
GEORGE STEWARD HAZLEHURST, of Runcorn, in the County of Chester. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND
VAPOURS."
My Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for condensing and
otherwise utilizing noxious and other gases and vapours, and consists of a vessel,
being a "lute" of large dimensions and proportionately high, in which a pipe,
stopped at its upper end, is continually rising and falling. Concentric with the
"lute" and inside the rising and falling pipe is a second pipe, forming an annular
space, in which the rising and falling pipe works. The pipes are liquor-filled.
Air, noxious, or other gas, or vapour, or their mixture is supplied to the inside of
the rising and falling pipe, and as the pipe rises and falls, such air, noxious or other
gas, or vapour, or mixture is drawn and expelled.
In lieu of valves, through which the air, noxious or other gas, or vapour, or
mixture is drawn and expelled, I use a liquor trap (having inlet and outlet pipes)
placed under the "lute," and so arranged, that the liquor in the trap will allow the
air, noxious or other gas, or vapour to be drawn through it by the suction, or
uplifting of the rising or falling pipe; but when the pipe descends, the liquor in
the trap is forced up the inlet to the trap, through which the air, or noxious or
other gas, or vapour was drawn, and thus the inlet pipe is stopped, and an easier
exit is given in another direction, through a second trap, which leads the air, or
noxious or other gas, or vapour to cisterns, and a tray, and under large flat plates
which cover such tray. The tray is filled with liquor, or flooded, so that the water
or other condensing liquid touches the under surface of the large flat plates. The
air, or noxious or other gas, or vapour spreads as a thin film between the liquor
under the tray and the plates aforesaid, and is thus condensed. If still partially
uncondensed, such air, gas, or vapour may be guided to other appliances.
A convenient arrangement consists in duplicating the apparatus just described,
and working the rising and falling pipes by a rocking beam, or by a chain, to which
power is applied, whereby one interior pipe is being lowered while the other is being
raised (but other means may be adopted).
If necessary, a film, or layer of oil, or other substance may be placed on the liquor
in the pipes to prevent the fumes from rising.
As the liquor in the pipes increases by condensation, such liquor overflows
through the interior pipe into the first trap, and as the liquor in such trap accu-
mulates, it also overflows through the outlet pipe to the second trap underneath,
from which it is led off to cisterns.
If necessary, liquor may be otherwise supplied to the apparatus. This arrange-
ment, or any part of it, may also be used for cooling air, gases, or vapours, and for
ventilating or other purposes.
In order that my Invention may be properly understood, I will now proceed

page_text: more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, and for that purpose I have
hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of my Invention, inarked with
letters and figures of reference corresponding with those in the following explana-
tion. In the figures, the same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding
parts.
Upon reference to the Drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus
constructed according to my Invention. Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure 1,
shown partly in section.
Upon reference it will be seen that the apparatus consists of a vessel A, being a
"lute," in which a pipe B, closed at its upper end, is continually rising and falling.
Concentric with the lute A and inside the pipe B there is a second pipe C, forming
an annular space D, in which the pipe B works. The pipes are liquor-filled, as
shown in dotted lines. Air, noxious or other gas, or vapour, or their mixture, is
supplied to the inside of the rising and falling pipe B through the pipe E, and as
the pipe B rises and falls, such air, noxious or other gas, or vapour, or mixture, is
drawn and expelled.
In lieu of valves I use a liquor trap F, having an inlet pipe G, through which the
air, noxious or other gas, or vapour, or mixture is supplied, and an outlet pipe H,
through which the air, noxious or other gas, vapour, or mixture, and surplus liquor
is expelled. The trap F is liquor-filled, and so arranged, that the liquor will allow
the air, noxious or other gas, or vapour, or mixture to be drawn through it by
suction, caused by the uplifting or rising of the pipe B; but when the pipe B falls
or descends, the liquor in the trap F is forced up the inlet pipe G, and thus the
inlet pipe is stopped, and an easier exit is given to the outlet pipe H, which leads to
a second liquor trap I, having an air, noxious or other gas, or vapour, or mixture
outlet pipe J, and a liquor outlet pipe K. The air, noxious or other gas, or vapour
from the trap I is led to cisterns X and a liquor-filled tray L, which tray is arranged
so that the liquor or condensing fluid touches the under surface of the plate M, and
the air, noxious or other gas, or vapour spreads as a thin film between the liquor
and the tray plates, and is thus condensed. If still partially uncondensed, the air,
gas, or noxious vapour may be treated by a coke-filled pipe N, into which a water
jet O is inserted.
A convenient arrangement consists in duplicating the apparatus just described,
and working the rising and falling pipes by a rocking beam, such as illustrated at
Figure 2.
In the case of condensing noxious air, gas, or vapour, a film or layer of oil may
be placed on the top of the liquor in the lute A at a, also a trapped jet of water
may be introduced in the pipe G, as at b, Figure 2.
In operation, as the pipe B rises in the liquor-filled lute A, the air, noxious or
other gas, vapour, or mixture is drawn through the pipe G, through the trap F, and
through the pipe E, and is condensed into the liquor in the "lute" A, when the
pipe descends, which also expels the surplus air, gas, or noxious vapour, or mixture
through the pipe E, through the pipe H, into the liquor-filled trap I, and through
the pipe J into the cisterns X, and from the cisterns X to the tray L, through the
pipe S. As the liquor in the lute A increases by condensation of the air, gas,
noxious vapour, or mixture, it overflows through the pipe E into the trap F, and as
the liquor in the trap F increases it overflows through the pipe H into the trap I, and
as the liquor in the trap I increases it overflows through the pipe K into the cisterns X.
As the liquor in the tray L increases it is led away through the pipe K". The
pipes K¹ equalise the liquor level of the cisterns X, and the pipes J¹ equalise the
pressure in the cisterns X.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and shown a method or manner in or under which the same is or may be used
or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that I do not confine
myself to the exact dimensions, or proportions, or positions of the various parts
forming the apparatus constructed according to my Invention, as shown in the

page_text: Drawings, as it will be easily understood that the same is capable of various modi-
fications. It will also be understood that the various joints, connections, material
used, and liquor must be subservient to the purpose for which my Invention is
applied, whether for condensing air, noxious or other gas, vapour, or mixture, or
whether for cooling or purifying air, noxious or other gas, vapour, or mixture; but
what I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,--
First. The construction and arrangement of an apparatus for condensing air,
noxious or other gases, and vapours, and mixtures, in which the rising and falling of
a pipe, such as B, in a liquor-filled "lute" such as A, draws or sucks the air, gas,
noxious or other vapour through a trap such as F, and discharges such air, gas,
noxious or other vapour through traps, such as F and I, and into cisterns such as X,
and a tray such as L, or other condensing medium, the air, noxious or other gas,
vapour, or mixture being condensed during the operation, and the liquor accumu-
lating in cisterns such as X, substantially as herein described, or set forth, or shown
in the Drawings hereto annexed, or any modification thereof.
Secondly. Applying an apparatus such as herein-before described and shown in
the Drawings, for the purpose of cooling or purifying air, gas, or vapour, substan-
tially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Steward Hazlehurst, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
CROPA WADD
AUTOM