Improvements in Rotary Motors, and an Arrangement by which Com- pressed Air can be made to do its Work over more than once.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 16th July, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Motors, and an Arrangement by which Com-
pressed Air can be made to do its Work over more than once.
JAMES HAYDON STONE, Master, Bedminster Union, Flax Bourton, near Bristol,
I do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement: ―
This is an axle, round which any number of rotary fan wheels can be built, and
which may be the true axle itself, or it may be made independent of, and geared
to the true axle, or a similar axle, and can be used for largly increasing the power
for work on any vehicle, either on railroads, tramways, or public roads; for driving
machines in workshops, manufacturing establishments and the like, or for marine
propulsion; the motive power being steam, compressed air, or any elastic fluid
whose force is not exhausted in its first effort; and could be made as follows.
The axle could be either hollow or solid-round, square, or of many angles, of
sufficient length and strength for the purpose. Along the length of this axle
would be fitted 4 ridges at right angles to each other, in sections the width of
each wheel. To one of these ridges the fan or plunger would be fitted in each
wheel, the plungers would be a little in advance of each other from wheel to wheel
as shown in Fig. 3. The side plates, and outer and inner rim of wheel, inside and
between which the plungers would revolve, carrying with them the ridges and
axle, would be of highly polished metal, and form a riged frame work round the
moveable parts. Wheel after wheel could be thus built up, until the axle with
the requisite number of wheels had been completed. Explanation of drawings
Fig. 1. Is a compressed air rotary motor of 8 wheels. Space is the only limit
to the number of rotary wheels which may be used. Figs. 2, 3.-Are different
views, showing more clearly its working and construction.
Fig. 4. Shows 2 compressed air motors on frame standards, and could be
arranged along the walls of a machine shop, the workmen's benches running the
length of the floor in the centre, or they could be placed in any convenient
position, one to each work bench to any number; or in any number of machine
rooms, merely connecting by a. pipe as at B, the last wheel in room 1, to A, in the
first wheel in room 2, and so on, and all worked from the same compressed air
chamber, which could be placed in a shed, in the cellar, or a mile away, and would
be commanded by a clerk in his office in any part of the building by the arrange-
ments in Fig. 5. Fig. 5.-Is a peculiar arrangement of pipes and taps attached
to a compressed air motor carraige, and which enables the compressed air to do its
work more than once.
Fig. 1. A. In the first wheel is the entrance from compressed air chamber-B.
After the plunger has revolved in first wheel, the air makes its exit to A, in

page_text: second wheel, and SO on from wheel to wheel. C, is a slide valve,
and will be fully described in Figs. 2, 3.-H, is the side plate. I,
the outer rim of wheel. K, the inner rim of wheel, between which
and the outer rim, and side plate, the plunger revolves. L, the
ridges. M, the axle. N, ball or roller bearing fixed in ridge, and moving round
on side of side plate, they keep the inner part of wheel in its true position and
prevent friction. O, ball or roller bearings fixed in ridge, and work round under
the inner rim of side plate. P, the plunger. S¹, shows the sections in ridge for
construction.
Fig. 2A, is the entrance for compressed air from chamber, and from one wheel
to the next. B, is the opening by which the air after forcing the plunger to
revolve, escapes through C, to the next wheel at A.--C, and F, are two slide valves,
which together with the two sluice valves, D, G, decide which direction the
carraige shall take-forward or backward they are put into, or out of, action by
a simple lever arrangement, under the command of driver, and fitted in the small
box-table which will be described in Fig. 5.-These valves are in the same position
in each wheel, along the whole of the axle, at the top of outer rim of wheels, see
Fig. 3. D, G, are the sluice valves; in the fig.-, is in action, and G, out of
action. The plunger is forced round until it comes to the lever 1, which it lifts
to the dotted line; after passing, the sluice valve is again closed by a spring
attached to it, and the pressure which has forced the plunger in wheel 1, to
revolve escapes through the opening B-the open slide valve C-into the second
wheel at A, (see Fig. 3,) followed by the same pressure from compressed air
chamber into wheel 1.
Fig. 3. Shows the upper parts of the outer rim of three wheels, and the pro-
gress of the compressed air from wheel to wheel. A, the entrance of compressed
air from one wheel to the next. B, opening into next wheel-C, open slide valve
to next wheel-1), sluice valves in action.-E, opening to next wheel for reversing
action. F, slide valve; in moving forward it is closed as shown in figure.-For
reversing it would be open and C, closed. G, sluice valve, in moving forward it
is out of action as shown in figure; for reversing it would be open and D), closed.-
P, is the plunger. When the plunger in the first wheel is in touch with B.-the
plunger in the second wheel is about leaving A. Immediately the plunger in
the first wheel has passed B; the compressed air rushes through the opening B,
in the rim of wheel the open slide valve C-through A, and unto the plunger in
the second wheel, with the same pressure it had on the first. The plunger in
third wheel is in advance of the plunger in second wheel, and so on from wheel
to wheel through out the axle. The plungers are fitted a distance in front of
each other, equal to the space between the outside of openings A, B, as seen in
Fig. 3. The letters in Figs. 1, 2, 3, are the same as far as they go, and refer to
the same parts.
Fig. 4. This is the same motor for machine shops and the like. If the
reversing action should be considered unnecessary, then one sluice valve only
would be required, and neither of the slide valves. The sluice valve and the
openings A, B, must be in the same position on the top of each motor wheel
throughout the shops. The parts are the same as far as they go, and are lettered
as such. V, is an arrangement for gearing the power to the various work benches.
S, the axle working in ball bearings and fitted in standards.-W, the frame
standards to which the several motors are fitted.
Fig. 5 is an arrangement by which compressed air can be made to do its work
over more than once. There are four chambers a, b, c, d, which are connected by
pipes to four gauges, a¹, b, c, d. There are seven pipes.-Four are commanded
by taps 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. The four lower taps 8, 9, 10, 11, confines the air
to the chambers. The four upper taps 4, 5, 6, 7, guide the air in its movement
from one chamber to another, or to the open through tap 1-the motors-and
tap 2.
There are two pipes commanded by taps 1, 3,-tap 1 guides the air to
motors at A, tap 3, guides the air after passing the motors to either of the

page_text: tools would not be lessened if the chambers weighed 100 tons. Although for the
purpose of illustration I have described four chambers only, any number may be
used, by adding one pipe and two taps to each.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The construction of an elongated axle with ridges as described in Fig. 1.
2. The method as described above, of fixing bearings in ridges to run freely
under the inner rim, and on the sides, of the side plates.
3. The method of passing compressed air, steam, or other elastic fluids from
rotary to rotary, as described in the above specification.
4. The construction and fixing of plungers through the inner rim of wheel to
the ridges as explained above.
5. The construction, position, and working of slide and sluice valves for com-
pelling compressed air, steam or other elastic fluids to take the direction desired.
6. The arrangements for using compressed air in machine shops, and the like,
as described in Fig. 4.
7. The method of utilising and controlling compressed air by pipes and taps
as described in Fig. 5.
8.-That this axle may be the true axle itself, or it
independent axle, and geared to a similar axle, or to the axle of
may be an
any vehicle
to run on rail roads tram ways, or public roads, or for marine propulsion, or to
the axle governing any kind of machinery, either for speed or power.
Dated this 11th day of April 1898.
JAMES HAYDON STONE.