Mechanical Hammers or Apparatus for Forging Work of Varied Shapes, Sizes, or Sections.
Year: 1895

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Mechanical Hammers or Apparatus for Forging Work of Varied
Shapes, Sizes, or Sections.
1, CARL GRÜBER of No. 10 Speckebruch, Schwerte, Westphalia, Germany, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The present invention relates to a mechanical hammer or apparatus designed
chiefly for forging small work of varied section and certain articles made in large
quantities such as screws, horse-shoes, snaffles or bits, stirrups or the like.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which :-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation.
Fig. 2 a front elevation, and
Fig. 3 a plan of the mechanical hammer.
A framing or support a carries by means of columns a frame c the horizontal
parts of which carry adjustable sleeves e in which the gravity hammers d are
guided.
The machine comprises a greater or less number of hammers operated by one
and the same mechanism according to the size of the works and the articles to be.
produced. In the apparatus illustrated in the annexed drawings eight hammers
are employed the tups or heads of which are provided with removable dies g to
which correspond suitable removable dies g¹ which are let into a common anvil and
are carried by the framing or support a.
The cavities in-or formation of the dies correspond with the articles to be
produced and are so arranged that the article is merely roughed out by the first
hammer that is to say is forged out in mere outlines and is then forged by the
second hammer more nearly to its finished form and so on till the article is finished
off by the last hammer and it may be also cut off thereby.
Articles forged with these hammers and according to this method have many
advantages for instance they are finished or made without any ridges.
This mode of working necessitates a mechanism for controlling the hammer
which can be easily and securely operated by the person holding or manipulating
the article or work under treatment. This is effected according to the present
invention in an extremely simple manner.
Mounted on the frame c and keyed fast on a shaft k is a wide drum i (the width
being proportionate according to the mechanical hammer) which is kept con-
tinuously revolving by means of fast and loose pulleys or in small-sized plant by
means of a crank handle.
l
For each hammer there is placed on the drum a strap belt or rope or equivalent /
one end of which is connected at m to the hammer and the other end at n to a
vertically guided rod o which is connected to a bent lever p pivotted to the framing u.
This lever p is operated by means of a rod 7 and a bent foot lever or treadle r
whereby the rod o is raised or depressed. A spring s or similar device serves to
keep the rod o normally in its highest position and consequently the belt loose on
the drum. The drum i rotates continuously in the direction indicated by the
arrow in Fig. 1.
By treading upon the corresponding rod o is drawn down and the respective
belt or equivalent attached thereto thereby drawn tight so that it bears firmly

page_text: upon the drum i and thus raises the hammer. After the treading has taken place
the spring raises the rod o again whereby the belt his rendered loose and the
respective hammer d falls down.
That end of the rod q which is nearest to the bent lever p is provided as is also
the bent lever p with a number of holes to enable the stroke of the said lever to
be varied with the same height of tread so that the stroke of the rod o can be
lengthened to a greater or less extent and the height of fall of the hammer be
varied more or less as desired.
There is advantageously provided on one side of the machine a heavier hammer
such as t which is employed for rough-forging and for other heavy work. This
hammer in the example illustrated is mounted by means of a frame u on the
frame c and is driven from a special counter shaft with fast and loose pulleys w.
For this purpose a cam or tappet & is fixed on the shaft and takes under an
antifrictional roller y carried on the guide rod of the hammer t.
In order to increase the action of this hammer there is provided at the end of
the hammer guide-rod a spring z which is placed under strain when the hammer is
raised and which as soon as the roller y is clear of the tapper forces the hammer
downwards with greatly increased force.
A locking bolt K which is held by a hook K2 whilst the hammer is working is
adapted to be passed through a slot in the hammer guide-rod and to take into a
suitable recess K' in the frame u for the purpose of holding this hammer in its
highest position when desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A mechanical hammer or apparatus for forging various small articles
consisting of any desired number of gravity hammers which are raised and let fall
independently of one another by means of a separate cord strap or belt connected
to each hammer and respectively passing over a common drum rotating continuously
in one direction and means to tighten independently any of said cords etc. on the
drum substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
2. In combination with the mechanical hammer claimed in Claim 1-a heavy
quick-working hammer driven from a special counter-shaft substantially in the
manner and for the purposes herein before described.
3. The improved arrangement and construction of mechanical hammers or
apparatus combined and arranged to act substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
Dated this 22nd day of March 1895.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK.
Southampton Buildings, Chaucery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.