IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Antonio Pelez, of 94, Mortimer Street, Cavendish
Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HYDRAULIC MACHINES." -A communication.
Sealed the 9th August 1858, and dated the 1st April 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Antonio Pelez at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
April 1858.
I, ANTONIO PELEZ, of 94, Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENT IN HYDRAULIC MACHINES," (a communication,) to be as follows:-
This hydraulic machine, intended to raise and draw water, can be adapted to
a well seventy-two feet deep. It may be put in motion by one or two horse-
power steam engine, and will raise at least eighty-eight gallons of water per
minute. In lieu of a steam engine, horses or manual labour may be used to
put the machine in motion by means of a handle working a fly wheel.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
A, cast-iron pulley, in which is placed a strap; B, axletree, acted on by the.
pulley A; C, cast-iron pulley obeying the axletree B, and to which a strap is
adapted; D, cast-iron pulley, through which passes the strap from pulley C;
E, iron axletree acted on by pulley D; F, great wooden pulley obeying to the

page_text: axletree E; G, chains obeying to the pulley F; H, boards adapted to chain G;
I, zinc tube through which runs chain G; J, brass tube adapted to tube I,
and being its continuation; K, zinc tube, to receive the water from tubes
J & I; L, wooden frame, maintaining the tubes on both sides in the well;
M, axletree, on which turns the little pulley F to prevent the flapping of the
chain; N, chains on both sides to maintain the axletree M; O, oak beam, to
maintain the weight of the tubes and of the frame at the bottom of the well;
P, iron frame, both sides; Q, cornice of the iron frame; R, prop of axletree E;
S, prop of axletree B; T, edge of the well; U, wheel to maintain axletree E
when the machine is stopped.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Antonio Pelez in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANTONIO
PELEZ, of 9*, Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Antonio Pelez, Her special licence that I, the said Antonio Pelez,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Antonio
Pelez, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HYDRAULIC MACHINES," a communication, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Antonio Pelez, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Antonio Pelez, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):
By means of this hydraulic machine water can be raised from wells of great
depth. The machine can be worked by a steam engine of one or two horse-
power, or by horses or by men, and will raise at least eighty-eight gallons of
water per minute.
The machine is composed as follows:-A, a cast-iron pulley, round which
works an endless band moved by a steam engine, by horses, or by men, for
communicating motion to the shaft B. B, a cast-iron shaft turned by the
pulley A, thus giving motion to the pulley C. C, a cast-iron pulley of more
than double the diameter of the pulley A; round the pulley C an endless band
moves, connecting it with a pulley D. D, a cast-iron pulley of the same
diameter as A, it is put in movement by means of the endless band of the
pulley C. E, a cast-iron shaft governed by the pulley D; on this shaft is fixed
a wooden pulley F, the whole supported in a strong framework P & Q. F, a
large wooden pulley governed by the shaft E; it has a groove of sufficient size
to admit the endless chain G, to which it gives movement. G, an endless chain
of iron capable of supporting a weight of two thousand five hundred pounds at
twenty yards distance; it is governed by the pulley F, and furnished with
disk of wood fixed at a yard's distance from one another. The chain ascends
in the tubes J & I, then passes on the wooden pulley F, and descends outside
the tubes J & I, and passes on a small pulley f placed at the bottom of the
well under the mouth of the tube J, which mouth the chain enters to
recommence its movement of ascension; H represents the disks placed on the
chain G, at the distance of about one yard from each other. The disks (if so
they may be called) are made of wood capped with sheet iron, in which is
securely fixed a ring to which the chain is attached on each end of the disk.
These disks are fitted with two leather washers, between which one of india-
rubber is placed, the diameter of these washers vary according to the diameter
of the tube J, in which they act the part of pistons, causing the water to mount
in the tubes by leaving a vacuum behind them as they ascend drawn by the chain,
and also preventing the descent of the water when the machinery has stopped.
I, a zinc tube placed on the top of the tube J, with which it forms one, being
securely fastened to it. J, a copper tube, the diameter of which differs; at
the top part where it joins with the zinc tube the diameter is rather larger
than the diameter of the disks, but when within about a yard and a half of
the funnel shaped mouth the diameter decreases to the size of the disks. This
tube descends for some depth in the water. The disks in their movement of
ascension leave a vacuum behind them, which is immediately filled with water;

page_text: K, a receptical of zinc having an oblong form; it is fixed to the zinc tube I,
which empties the water into it. This zinc receptical has two holes, per-
mitting the water being drawn off into reservoirs arranged for receiving the
water or otherwise as required. L, two beams of wood serving as supports of
the tubes in the well; the tubes are attached by means of iron bolts fixed by
nuts. M, a shaft of iron on which the little pulley ƒ works, moved by the
chain G. This pulley is indispensable in order to prevent the rubbing of the
chain as it descends and ascends. N, the two cushions in which the shaft M
turns. The cushions are fixed securely to the lower part of the supports.
O, a beam of oak serving to keep the supports L in their proper places, and
also as a resting point for the apparatus. P, a framework of iron on which
the shaft E is fixed, supporting the whole weight of the chain, the disks, and
the weight of water drawn up by them. Q, the top of the framework P, also
of iron. R, a supporting arm of iron on which the shaft E rests; it is sur-
mounted by a cushion for the said shaft, and is fixed to the iron framework P
by strong fastenings. S, a supporting arm of iron on which the shaft B works;
it is surmounted by a cushion for the said shaft, and is fixed to the iron frame
work in the same manner as the supporting arm R. T, the edge of the well,
round which is placed a strong beam work of oak for supporting the iron
frame P & Q. U, a ratchet wheel of iron for fixing the shaft E when it is
necessary to stop the machine.
The proportionate size of the machine may of course differ.
The Inventor reserves to himself the right of using any sort of chain, either
of iron or other metal, or of using a rope of any texture or material in place
of the chain.
He also reserves to himself the right of using tubes of copper, zinc, iron, or
other metal, or of wood; also the right of changing the forms of the disks and
the garnishing of them with any other material than those above named.
In witness whereof, I, the said Antonio Pelez, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 4th day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
ANTONIO PELEZ.. (L.S.)