Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 1895-Accepted, 17th Aug., 1895
We, CHARLES VER PREESE POLLOCK; of Greenwich, Connecticut, U.S.A.,
Gentleman, ALONZO MARTIN MORRELL and THOMAS LAURENCE MURPHY,
both of 837 Broadway, City, County, and State of New York; U:S.A., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to devices for spraying water or other fluids, and
particularly to spraying hose nozzles or attachments designed for extinguishing
fires or for use on gardens, lawns, etc., .and to other similar spraying apparatus.
The object of the invention is to produce spraying nozzles or other similar attachments
for pipes and hose' which shall be capable of throwing a dense, 'heavy, and widely
diffused spray, which shall be simple and easily handled, compact, not liable to
derangement, and as inexpensive as possible.
In the drawings which accompany and form a part of this Specification,
Figure 1 is a top view of a hose nozzle désigned particularly for use in
extinguishing fires, and arranged for throwing either a straight or solid' stream or
a spray or diffused stream, at will;
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the nozzle through the center of the inlet
passage and straight stream outlet passage and Figure 3 is a horizontal section of
this nozzle through the center of the inlet and outlet passages thereof.
Figure 4 is an elevation of another type of hose nozzle, termed' a cellar pipe,
used for extinguishing fires in cellars or other similar places accessible only from
above.
Figure 5 is an elevation of a rotary fire extinguishing device, designed
particularly to be fixed permanently within a building, and adapted because of its
rotary motion, as will be seen hereafter, to protect a large area.
Figure 6 is an elevation of another type of hose nozzle designed particularly for
use on the smaller sizes of hose in watering gardens, lawns, etc., and arranged either
to throw a straight stream or a spray, at will;
Figure 7 is a central longitudinal section of this nozzle ;
Figure 8 is a top view of the base portion of the nozzle and Figure 9 is a bottom
view of the valve plate of the nozzle, these two views showing the surfaces of the
base portion and valve plate which are in contact when the nozzle is in use, with
the valve ports therein and the depressions and socket for the automatic stop,
bereinafter mentioned and
:
Figure 10 is a détail section of a portion of the base of the nozzle and of the
valve plate, showing the action of the automatic stop,,
Figure 11 illustrates a form of combination straight' stream, spray, and shut off
hose attachment designed to be used on lawns or gardens, and to be held in place
by thrusting a spike with which it is provided into the ground.
Figure 12 shows another sprinkling atrachment intended for similar uses, and
which is supported by a suitable stand which may rest upon the ground.
The spraying device used in all of these hose nozzles or attachments and in the
rotary sprinkler shown in Figure 5 consists of a tube having a bell-shaped flaring
mouth, within which is a ball of such size as to fill the bell mouth. A guard,

page_text: '
passing across the mouth of the bell but at such distance from the ball as to allow
the latter considerable freedom of movement, serves to hold the ball in place when
the sprinkling device is not in use. This guard, however, has no function
while the sprinkling device is in use and water is flowing through it, for the action
of the water in passing around the ball is such as to hold the ball firmly in the
bottom of the bell mouth, preventing it from escaping and this independent of the
water pressure used. The water in passing around the ball is turned into spray,
which forms in drops so large that they are not readily blown away by the wind
nor are they instantly dissipated by the heat of a fire, as is the case where too fine
a spray is formed. The spray is likewise widely diffused. Another valuable
quality of the spraying device is that it does not produce excessive back pressure,
so that when used on a hose nozzle the nozzle may be held with less effort even
than is required where a straight stream nozzle is used, there is no danger that
the hose will burst when changing from straight stream to spray, and the volume
of water passing through the nozzle is very large in proportion to its size.
These
qualities all make the spraying device particularly valuable for use on hose
nozzles or attachments.
The hose nozzle shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, and which, as above stated, is
particularly intended for firemen's use, is provided with a straight stream discharge
tip and a spray discharge tip, and a valve for regulating the passage of water
through one or the other of these discharge tips. The nozzle is arranged to screw
on to hose in the ordinary manner. 1 is the valve casing, having within it a
cylindrical valve chamber 2, in which is a cylindrical rotary valve plug 3. In the
sides of the valve chamber is an inlet port 4, and two outlet ports, 5, and 6, for
the straight stream tip 7 and spray tip 8 respectively. The valve plug is cut away
on one side so as to form a port or passage by which, when the valve plug is in the
proper position therefor, either the straight stream port 5 or the spray port 6 may
be connected with the inlet port 4, or the inlet port may be covered and closed
altogether, thus cutting off the water entirely. It is in the latter position that the
valve plug is shown in the drawings.
The spray tip 8 terminates in a conical or bell shaped mouth, 9, which is a
ball 10. A guard, 11, across the mouth of the bell prevents the ball from escaping
when the water is not passing through the spray tip.
In order that the nozzle may give as perfect a straight stream as the ordinary
fire nozzle, and may therefore be perfectly adapted for use in place of the
ordinary straight stream nozzle, the straight stream tip 7 is placed exactly in line
with the admission passage of the valve, and the construction of the valve is such
that when the valve plug is in position for permitting water to pass through the
straight stream tip the flow of water is entirely unimpeded in the valve chamber.
The port 6 of the spray tip 8 is placed as nearly in line with the port 4 as possible,
but is necessarily somewhat to one side, and for this reason the spray tip is curved
so that it may discharge water in substantially the same direction as the straight
stream tip.
The port or passage in the valve plug 3 is so formed that when it is turned to
change from: straight stream to spray, or to change from spray to straight stream,
while the port of one discharge tip is being closed the port of the other discharge
tip is being opened. This is in order that there may be no momentary interruption
of the flow of water when changing from one stream to the other. If the flow of
water were interrupted, back pressure in the hose would result which might lead
to bursting of the hose or injury to the pump.
In a nozzle of this kind it is desirable that the valve plug shall always be in the
best position for giving the stream desired or for cutting off the water, and that
when the plug is placed in one of these positions it shall remain there until
intentionally moved to another position. It is also desirable that these positions
shall be indicated not by sight or by sound, but by feeling, as the plug is turned.
These objects are all attained by the automatic stop with which the valve is
provided. In the bottom of the valve chamber are three depressions, 12, 13,

page_text: and 14, and in the corresponding surfaces of the valve plug is a socket 15, adapted
to register with these different depressions successively in different positions of the
valve plug. These depressions are so placed that when the socket 15 is in registry
with depression 12 water is cut off, when in registry with depression 13 water may flow
through the straight stream tip 7, and when in registry with depression 14 water
may flow through spray tip 8. Within the socket 15 is a spring 16 pressing a
ball 17 against the bottom of the valve chamber. When the valve plug turned,
the ball rolls along the surface of the valve chamber until it comes to one of the
depressions, 12, 13, or 14, when it is forced down into this depression, thus locking
the valve plug in place. In order that the valve plug may be turned onward, it
is necessary that the ball 17 shall leave this depression and be pressed back into
the socket 15. Because of the conical shape of the depressions and the rounded
shape of the ball, the ball may be forced back into the socket 15 if a little more
force is applied to the handle by which the valve plug is rotated than is required
to turn the valve plug when the ball is not in one of the depressions. This
extra effort, momentarily required, serves to indicate unmistakably when the
valve plug is one of the preferred positions for directing the water into one or
the other of the discharge tips or for shutting off the water, and for holding
the valve plug in such positions unless it be turned intentionally into another
position.
Instead of the ball 17, a pin with rounded end may be used, but the ball has this
advantage, that since it rolls as the valve plug moves, it does not score the surface
of the valve chamber and does not wear away the edges of the depressions 12, 13,
and 14. If these edges are worn away, the indications of the stop ceases to be
apparent, so that the valve is permanently injured.
In operating this nozzle, all that is required is to turn the handle by which the
valve plug is rotated. If the valve plug be turned so as to direct water into the
straight stream tip 7, a straight or solid stream will issue from the nozzle; and if
the valve plug be turned so as to cause the water to pass through the spray tip 8,
the water in passing around the ball 10, will be turned into spray, and will issue
from the nozzle in the form of a conical stream spreading out from the nozzle.
With this broad stream it is possible to protect much larger surfaces against fires
and such a stream is much more effective in reducing the temperature about the
firemen so as to permit them to work that is the straight stream, and by it smoke
may be precipitated or swept out of the way, something that cannot be done by the
straight stream.
Figure 4 shows what is known as a cellar pipe. It is a form of fire nozzle used.
by firemen for extinguishing fires in cellars or other similar places difficult of
access except from above, and which, because of heat or smoke, cannot be entered.
The cellar pipe consists of a long bent pipe 20 having on its end a spray tip, such
as that on the nozzle shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, and provided with handles 21
and 22 by which it may be turned so as to throw water in all directions.
In using
this cellar pipe, its end is introduced, through a hole in the ceiling, into the room
into which the water is to be directed, and then by turning the pipe by means of
the handles 21 and 22 and by elevating the pipe at different angles the water
may be directed into all parts of the room. By this means, the smoke in a room
may be driven out or precipitated and the temperature so reduced that men can
enter it.
Figure 5 illustrates a fire extinguishing apparatus which is intended principally
to be fixed permanently to the ceiling of a room and to be connected to permanent
water pipes in the building. It consists of a vertical pipe, 25, to the end of which
is pivoted a coupling, 26, from the ends of which project bent pipes, 27, having on
their ends the spraying devices above described. When water is forced down the
vertical pipe 25 and out through the bent pipes 27, these pipes and the coupling
are caused to revolve about the pipe 25, thus throwing the water over a much
greater area than would be possible with a single spray tip upon the end of the
pipe 25. With such an apparatus so much water need not be used as with

page_text: stationary sprinklers, as the water is constantly falling over the whole area
protected, and in so heavy a stream that it cannot be dissipated by heat or
currents of air; while at the same time no great amount of water is thrown upon
any one spot.
This revolving sprinkler may also be -mounted upon a vertical mast, as for
instance, a water tower, and arranged to rotate-vertically; and may then be used to
protect the sides of buildings from fire.
Figures 6 to 10 inclusive show another type of hose-nozzle designed for uses on
the smaller sizes of hose for watering gardens, lawns and similar places, and
preferable for these uses to the form shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, because it is
simpler, more compact and has fewer projecting parts. It consists of a base
portion 30, arranged to screw on to the end of the hose and closed at the end, and
a valve plate 31, pivoted to the base portion 30 by a pivot screw 32 passing
through a central hole in the end of the base portion, and carrying a straight
stream discharge tip 33 and spray tip. 34, the latter constructed' substantially as
are those heretofore described. In the lower face of the valve plate, shown in
Figure 9, are ports 35 and 36 for the passages of the discharge tips 33 and 34
rospectively, and in the upper end of the base portion 30 are ports 37' and 38,
adapted to register with the ports in the valve plate 31 when the latter is in
proper position. But one port in-the end of the base-portion 30 is necessary, and
both ports 35 and 36 of the valve plate may he caused to register successively with
one port in the base 30. But by using the two ports 37 and 38, set at different
distances apart from the ports in the valve plate 31, the distance through which
the valve plate must be turned in order to change from straight stream to spray is
greatly reduced.
The screw 32 has a head, and a spring 39, bearing against this head and against
the end of the base 30, hold the base 30 and valve plate 31 together so tightly as
to prevent all leakage.
In the end of the base 30 are depressions 12, 13 and 14, corresponding to the
similar depressions similarly numbered, in the bottom of the valve chamber 2 of
Figures 2 and 3, and in the valve plate 31 is a socket 15, containing the spring 16
and ball 17. The operation of: the automatic stop thus formed' is the same as that
of the stop of the nozzle shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
In: operating this: nozzle, all that is necessary is to turn the valve plate 31
about its pivot. The ports of the valve plate will thus be brought successively
into registry with the ports of the base 30, causing the water to issue: successively
through the straight stream tip and through the spray tip, and to be shut off
altogether. The valve plate may be rotated in either direction, with the same
effect..
'
It is evident that, both in the nozzle shown in Figures 1 to 3 inclusive and in
the nozzle shown in Figures 5 to 10 inclusive the socket for the spring 16 and
ball 17 may be in the valve casing or base portion 30, and the depressions 12; 13
and 14 may be in the valve plug or valve plate, without affecting the operation
of the stop.
'
Figures 11 and 12 show adaptions of the sprinkling device particularly applicable
for use in watering lawns or gardens. The sprinkler shown in Figure 11 consists
of a valve, arranged to screw on to the end of the hose, and provided with two
discharge tips, one, horizontal, for delivering a straight stream, and the other;
vertical, for delivering a spray. The spray tip is constructed exactly as the one
shown in Figures 6 and 7: The valve is arranged to cause the water to pass
through the straight stream-tip or the spray tip, at will. The valve is provided
with a spike 40, which may be thrust into the ground so as to hold the sprinkler
in the position desired. The sprinkler shown in Figure 12 consists simply of a
spray tip, supported upon a stand! 41, of convenient form, the spray tip being
provided with an elbow pipe having its ends horizontal, to facilitate the. attach-
ment of the sprinkler to the hose. Both of these sprinklers may be connected'
with hose and placed in the position desired in the garden or lawn, and left there.

page_text: without further attention after, water, is turned on, except to move them from one
place to another occasionally.
Having thus described the invention in its various applications, what is
claimed is:
1. In a hose attachment or nozzle, the combination with a straight stream
discharge tip and a spray discharge tip having a longitudinal bore with a flaring
or bell-shaped mouth and a ball within said mouth, of a valve communicating
with said discharge. tips and arranged. to cause water to pass through the one or
the other of said discharge tips at will, substantially as described.
2. In a hose attachment or nozzle, the combination, with independent straight
stream and spray discharge tips, the spray tip having a longitudinal bore with a
flaring or bell-shaped mouth. and a. ball within said mouth, of a valve arranged to
be connected to the hose, and connected to said discharge. tips, and having relatively
movable parts provided with registering valve ports or passages communicating
with the inlet passage, of the valve and with said discharge tips, and arranged to
cause water to pass through the one or the other of said discharge tips or cut off
the water altogether, according to the position of said relatively movable parts,
substantially as d'escribed.
3. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with, independent straight stream and spray
discharge tips, of a valve, arranged to be connected to the hose and, connected to
said discharge tips and having relatively movable parts provided with registering
valve ports or passages communicating with the inlet passage of the valve and with
said discharge tips, and arranged to cause water to pass through the one or the
other of said discharge tips or to cut off the water altogether, according to the
position of said relatively movable parts,,,a socket in the face of one of said
relatively movable parts cf. the valve adjacent to the other relatively movable part,
a spring actuated stop in said socket, and depressions in the correspondingly
adjacent face of the other. of said relatively movable parts. of the valve which said
stop may enter, said depressions being placed to correspond with the position of
said relatively movable parts when water is passing through said discharge tips
and when water is cut off altogether, wherely said parts of the valve may be held
in such positions, substantially as described.
4. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with, independent straight stream and spray
discharge tips, of a valve arranged to be connected to the hose and connected to
said discharge tips and having relatively movable parts provided with registering
valve ports or passages communicating with the inlet passage of the valve and with
Suid discharge tips, and arranged to cause water to pass through the one or the
other of said discharge tips or to cut off the water altogether, according to the
position of said relatively movable parts, a socket in the face of one of the said
relatively movable parts of said valve adjacent to the other relatively movable
part, a ball within said socket, a.spring pressing said ball outwardly, and depressions
in the correspondingly adjacent face of the other of said relatively movable parts
of the valve which said stop may enter, said depressions being placed to correspond
with the positions of said relatively movable parts when water is passing through
said discharge tips and when water is cut off altogether, whereby said parts of the
valve are held in such positions, substantially as described.
5. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with independent straight stream and spray
discharge tips, the spray tip having a longitudinal bore with a flaring or bell-
shaped mouth and a ball within said mouth, of a valve arranged to be connected to
the hose and connected to the said discharge tips, and having relatively movable
parts provided with registering valve ports or passages communicating with the
inlet passage of the valve and arranged to cause water to pass through the one or
the other of said discharge tips or to cut off the water altogether, according to the
position of said relatively movable parts, said valve ports or passages being so
placed with respect to each other that when the valve.is operated to change from
straight stream to spray, or from spray to straight stream, the port of the one

page_text: discharge tip will be opened before the port of the other discharge tip is close.l,
substantially as described.
6. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a valve arranged to be secured to the
end of the hose and having two independent discharge passages communicating
with a valve chamber within the valve, both of said discharge passages being
arranged to direct water in substantially the same direction and one terminating in
a straight stream discharge tip and the other in a spray tip with a longitudinal
bore having a flaring or bell-shaped mouth, and a ball within said mouth, of a
movable valve plug within said valve chamber, having a port or passage adapted to
connect the inlet passage of the valve with either of said discharge passages or to
cut off communication with both of said discharge passages, according to the
position of said valve plug, substantially as described.
7. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a valve arranged to be secured to the
end of the hose and having two independent discharge passages communicating
with a valve chamber within the valve, both of said discharge passages being
arranged to direct water in substantially the same direction and one terminating in
a straight stream discharge tip and the other in a spray tip with a longitudinal bore
having a flaring or bell-shaped mouth and a ball within said mouth, of a valve plug
within said chamber having a port or passage adapted to connect the admission
passage of the valve with either of said discharge passages or to cut off communi-
cation with both of said discharge passages, according to the position of said valve
plug, a socket in the bottom of said valve plug having a spring actuated stop
therein, and depressions in the bottom of said valve chamber which said stop may
enter, said depressions being placed to correspond with the positions of the valve
plug when water is passing through said discharge passages and when water is cut
-off altogether, substantially as described.
8. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a valve arranged to be secured to the
end of the hose and having a cylindrical valve chamber in line with the inlet
passage of the valve, of a straight stream discharge tip communicating with said
valve chamber and in line with said inlet passages, a spray tip likewise communi-
cating with said valve chamber and arranged to throw water in substantially the
same direction as the straight stream tip, and a valve plug, within said valve
chamber, having a port or passage adapted to connect either of said discharge tips
with said inlet passages, or to cut off the water altogether, substantially as
described.
9. The herein described cellar pipe or hose nozzle consisting of a curved pipe
arranged to be connected to hose and terminating in a spray tip having a longi-
tudinal bore with a flaring or bell-shaped mouth, and a ball within said mouth,
substantially as described.
10. The herein described rotary fire extinguisher, consisting of a pipe 25 having
pipes or arms 27 connected therewith substantially at right angles and pivoted
thereto, and having on their ends spray tips arranged to discharge water at an
angle, whereby said arms are caused to rotate about the pipe 25, substantially as
.described.
11. The herein described rotary fire extinguisher consisting of a pipe 25 having
pipes or arms 27 connected therewith substantially at right angles and pivoted
thereto, and having on their ends spray tips with longitudinal bores having flaring
or bell-shaped mouths and balls within said mouths, and means for causing said
arms to rotate, substantially as described.
12. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a base portion arranged to be
connected to the hose, of a valve plate movably secured to the end of said base
portion and carrying a discharge tip having a port arranged to register with a port
in the end of said base portion, and a spring pressing said valve plate against said
base portion and preventing leakage at the joint, substantially as described.
13. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a base portion arranged to be
connected to the hose, of a valve plate movably secured to the end of said base
portion and carrying two discharge tips having separate ports in said valve plate

page_text: arranged to register successively with ports in the end of said base portion, and a
spring pressing said valve plate against said base portion and preventing leakage,
substantially as described.
14. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a base portion arranged to be
connected to the hose, of a valve plate pivotedly secured to the end of said base
portion and carrying two discharge tips having separate ports in said valve plate
arranged to register successively with ports in the end of said base portion and a
spring pressing said valve plate against said base portion and preventing leakage,.
substantially as described.
15. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a base portion arranged to be
connected to the hose, of a valve plate carrying two or more discharge tips having
separate ports in said valve plate arranged to register successively with ports in
the end of said base portion, a pivot screw secured to said valve plate and passing
through the end of said base portion, and a spring pressing against the head of said
screw and against the end of said base portion, and holding said valve plate and
base portion in contact, substantially as described.
16. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a base portion arranged to be.
connected to the hose, of a valve plate carrying a straight stream discharge tip and
spray tip having a longitudinal bore with a flaring or bell-shaped mouth and a ball
within said mouth, said tips having separate ports in said valve plate arranged to
register successively with ports in the end of said base portion, a pivot screw
secured to said valve plate and passing through the end of said base portion, and a
spring pressing against the head of said screw and against the end of said base,
portion, and holding said valve plate and base portion in contact, substantially as
described.
17. In a hose nozzle, the combination, with a base portion arranged to be
connected to the hose, of a valve plate pivotally secured to the end of said base
portion and carrying two discharge tips having separate ports in said valve plate
arranged to register successively with ports in the end of said base portion, a
sccket in the face of said valve plate in contact with said base portion, a spring
actuated stop within said socket, and depressions in the end of said valve plate
which said stop may enter, said depressions being placed to correspond with the
positions of said valve plate when water is passing through said discharge tips and
when water is cut off altogether, substantially as described.
18. The herein described hose attachment, comprising a valve having a straight
stream discharge tip and a spray discharge tip, the latter having a longitudinal
bore with a flaring or bell-shaped mouth and a ball within said mouth, and being
arranged to deliver water vertically, and a spike 40 by which the hose attachment
may be held in place, substantially as described.
19. The herein described hose attachment, comprising a spraying device having
a longitudinal bore with a flaring or bell-shaped mouth and a ball within said
mouth, a stand 41 for supporting the same, and an elbow coupling connected to
the spraying device, by which it may be secured to the hose, substantially as
described.
20. The herein described spraying tip or nozzle for pipes or hose, having a
longitudinal bore with a flaring or bell-shaped mouth, a ball within said mouth,
and a guard 11 extending across the bell-shaped mouth, for holding the ball in
place, substantially as described.
E. P. ALEXANDER & SON,
Chartered Patent Agents,
19, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.