Improvements in Fluid Pressure Motors and Pumps.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fluid Pressure Motors and Pumps.
We, EDGAR COURTRIGHT, Mechanical Engineer, CHARLES GRIFFITHS DAVIES,
and FRANK CLIFTON LANGLEY, Manufacturers, all of Detroit, in the County of
Wayne and State of Michigan, U.S.A., do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to the arrangement of a series of paddles or buckets within
a trunk or tube, preferably rectangular in cross section, each of said paddles
oscillating on a pivot, supported in such manner that the pivot will have a sliding
or reciprocating motion in a direct line, thereby giving a double motion to cach
paddle, and the whole working together, either as a motor power for the purpose of
running machinery of any ordinary kind, or the whole worked by some external
power converting the device into a pump. The object of the invention is to form a
cheap and effective motor that can be used in connection with water or other fluid,
and that may also be used as a pump and for other purposes. These objects are
accomplished by means of the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings,
in which: :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the arrangement of the paddles
within the trunk, and the connecting wheels which are operated by the movement of
the paddles in order to convey the power to any suitable machinery:
Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on line - of Fig. 1, looking in the direction
shown by the arrow;
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of one of the outer plates with the hoods
removed for the purpose of showing the internal construction, like parts being
broken away;
Fig. 4 is a detached view of the pitman, which connects the paddles with the
crank shaft of the wheels ;
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of our invention;
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the case through the center of the journal boxes
which support the paddles in the modified form, and showing a plan view of the
paddle;
Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a paddle, its pitman, crank, and a portion of one of
the side bars or rods which connect the several paddles. In the modified form we
use a connecting rod or bar on each side, each paddle being connected at cach side
to the bars.
Similar letters and figures refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
A¹ represents the supporting frame or conduit within which the paddles are
moved. The paddles are shown by A, B, C. In the form shown in Fig. 1 each
paddle is provided with a journal at each side, which journals are shown by 1, 1, 1.
These journals turn in sliding boxes, the boxes being shown by 4, 4, 4. The sliding
boxes have a vertical motion or a reciprocating motion in a straight line, which in
the example of our invention shown in Fig. 1, is caused by the movement of the
boxes 4 in the grooves 13, 13, etc. It will be understood that each paddle has a
box 4 at each end and two grooves 13 within which such boxes move. Referring
now to Fig. 2, 5, 5, represents two pitmans connecting the journals of the paddles
to the cranks 8, 8, on the main shaft 3 of the cog-wheel 2. 6 represents the space
through which the central portion of the paddle oscillates in its vertical movement,
which is equal in width to the internal diameter of the tube. The cranks have such
a throw as to move the paddle from the top to the bottom, or from one side to the
opposite side of the tube. The position of the slide support is shown by 4, 4, as
stated above within the groove 13. The paddle B is connected to the paddles A

page_text: and C, by means of a check plate at either end, which check plate is shown
by 24, 21, the object of the check plate being to make a water tight valve or
packing in cases where our invention is used as a water motor under great pressure,
where it is desirable to obtain the entire force of the water or steam without
waste.
It
Each cog-wheel turns upon a shaft 3 supported in suitable journal boxes 14.
These cog-wheels mesh together so as to revolve in unison, being operated by the
connecting pitmans 5, 5, etc. Fig. 3 shows a portion of the plate which covers one
side of the trunk having the hoods 9 removed in order to show the internal
arrangement of the parts, and in order to show the position of the plate shown
in Fig. 1, we have indicated the bolt holes 20, 23, 21, 22, etc., also 16 and 15.
will be understood from this that the plate is placed upon what would be the front
of Fig. 1, provided Fig. 1 was complete with the exception of said plate.
12 shows the space allowed for the revolution of the crank and the movement of
the pitman connection. 10' shows the bolt which connects the hood 9 on either
side. 2, 21, 21, show the cog-wheels. In Fig. 1 we have shown the device in
section, but it will be understood that the cog-wheels 2, 21, 21, mesh with each
other so as to revolve together. 11 is a portion of the plate shown in cross section
in Fig. 2. In Fig. 1 it shows the inside of the opposite plate or the one at the other
side of the view.
In the modified form shown in Fig. 5, the paddles A, B, C, have no check plate,
such form being desired more particularly for a motor when used in the current of
a stream where it is not necessary to obtain the force of all the water which may
be caused to flow through the trunk. This form of our invention uses connecting
bars M, M, one at either side, each bar being provided with a series of lugs N, N,
and a crank O connecting the same to the shaft 1", journalled in the frame and
having a central crank coupled to the pitman P, said pitman being rigidly connected
to the paddle or bucket.
In Fig. 6 we have shown a section of a portion of the side walls of the trunk,
the same being cut longitudinally through the center of the journals which support
the paddle, A showing the side portion of the frame, A the paddle, and S, S, the
These grooves are
grooves in which the journals R, R, of the paddle rest.
vertical, and the paddle being connected as shown in Fig. 7, by means of the
pitman P, crank shaft P¹ crank O, and lug N, to the side bar M, the movement
of the paddle is such as to move the connection M, through a circle, the side
bars forming merely a connection in order to unite the power produced by the
paddles.
The paddle A oscillates upon its journals and at the same time has a reciprocating
motion within the longitudinal grooves or journal boxes, the movement being
precisely the same as in the form shown in Fig. 1. The connection by means of the
crank and bars, is another form of utilizing the power caused by the oscillating and
reciprocating motion of the paddles in the trunk, and the modified form is preferred
only in cases where it is necessary to utilize the entire power of the water or other
substance which operates the motor.
The operation of our invention is as follows:-Let the paddle A, as shown in
Fig. 1, be located at its lower position, the water passing in above the paddle.
Paddle B will then be pressed downward, the slides 4, 4, moving down in the
grooves 13, and the end of the paddle B, most remote from the paddle A, turning
down at the same time. This downward movement of the paddle operates through
the pitmans 5, 5, upon the cranks 8, 8, of the shaft, and cog-wheel 2¹. As the
paddle B moves down and oscillates, the water rushes through, operating not only
on paddle B to press it downward, but also to oscillate the paddle C, turning the
end which is connected to the paddle B, downward till it reaches substantially a
horizontal position, and at the same time the paddle C moves downward in the
groove until it assumes the position shown in Fig. 1 by A, thus operating upon the
main shaft of wheel 2. While the paddle C is moving down, the paddle B
oscillates upon its journals, and turns the end of paddle A, which is connected to

page_text: paddle B, upward, and when paddle C has reached its horizontal position, the
paddle A is tilted into the position shown by C in Fig. 1, and is ready to begin its
upward stroke, and is moved by the power of the water bodily upward, acting
through the pitmans and cranks upon the shaft 3. In Fig. 2 let the left hand
represent the inflow or upstream end. Commencing with the upstream end we
have lettered the paddles A, B, C. The cranks always turn in the over stroke
toward the upstream and under in the direction of the moving current, the cranks
being pivotally connected to their respective pitmans. The journals of the paddles
travel in their respective ways, thus causing the reciprocating motion as the paddle
oscillates, thus giving compound movement to the paddles as the cranks rotate,
always presenting an obstructing angle to the upstream. The upstream ends of
the paddles are always horizontally in advance in their vertical travel, therefore
the upstream ends of the paddles reach the opposite side of the trunk first, the
cranks being set at angles of one hundred and twenty degrees apart causes the
downstream end of the paddle C, to leave the trunk at exactly the same time that
the upstream end of paddle A reaches it. In this position the water in the chamber
formed above the paddles having exerted its entire force against the paddles, is
discharged downstream. In the form shown in Fig. 1 we desire to have the paddles
move as closely to the walls of the trunk as possible, to make a water tight packing.
The circular form of the upper and lower surfaces of the paddles also makes a
comparatively water tight joint as the paddles turn, or roll as it were, in contact
with the upper and lower walls of the trunk. In using our invention as a pump,
the power can be applied to one of the cog-wheels, or in the modified form shown
to one of the side bars, when the motion of the paddles will throw the water or other
fluid through the trunk and form a pump, but when used as a motor the fluid is
passed through the trunk, giving the movement above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
―
Claim 1. In a motor, in combination with a trunk or chamber constituting a
water way, of a series of centrally pivoted paddles arranged within said trunk or
chamber in a line with each other, cach paddle adapted to have an oscillating and
vertically reciprocating motion, and mechanism, substantially as described, for
connecting the journals of said paddles.
Claim 2. In a motor, the combination of three or more paddles each paddle
turning upon a journal, and having a reciprocating motion substantially at right
angles to the movement of the fluid which operates the same, and mechanism
for connecting the journals of said paddles, the whole adapted to convey the
reciprocal motion of the paddles to a rotating shaft, substantially as described.
Claim 3. In a motor of the class described, the combination with a series of
oscillating paddles arranged within a trunk or chamber, of a series of rectangular
check plates connecting the adjoining edges of the paddles, substantially as
described.
Claim 4. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a trunk or
chamber constituting a water way, a series of oscillating paddles arranged in said
trunk, each paddle having journals mounted on vertically reciprocating journals,
and mechanism for connecting the journals of said paddles to convey power to
or from a rotary shaft, substantially as described.
Dated this 29th day of June 1801.
EDGAR COURTRIGHT.
CHARLES GRIFFITHS DAVIES.
FRANK CLIFTON LANGLEY.