MT & WETTELA COMITEE OF CANDLES NIGHT LIGHTS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Gwynne, of Hyde Park Square, in
the County of Middlesex, Esquire, and George Fergusson Wilson,
of Belmont, Vauxhall, in the County of Surrey, Managing
Director of Price's Patent Candle Company, for the Invention of
"TRAN
MT & WETTELA COMITEE OF CANDLES NIGHT LIGHTS
Sealed the 9th February 1853, and dated the 20th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Gwynne
and George Fergusson Wilson at the Office of thic Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th December 1852.
We, GEORGE GWYNNE, of Hyde Park Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Esquire, and GEORGE FERGUSSON WILSON, of Belmont,
Vauxhall, in the County of Surrey, Managing Director of Price's
Patent Candle Company, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES, NIGHT
LIGHTS, AND SOAP" to be as follows: -
Within the last ten years a large manufacture of candles has
grown up, not only in this country, but in several foreign nations.
The essential features of this manufacture may thus briefly be de-

page_text: scribed, the fatty material is first treated with sulphuric acid, and
is then distilled. Now, we have lately discovered that, out of fatty
bodies treated with sulphuric acid, and subsequently treated with
lime, alkalies, alkaline earths, metallic oxides, or other matters de-
composible by sulphuric acid, good candles, night lights, and soap
can be made without having recourse to the process of distillation;
and our Invention consists of applying such matters in these manu-
factures
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said George Gwynne and George Fergusson
Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 20th June
1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
GEORGE GWYNNE, of Hyde Park Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Esquire, and GEORGE FERGUSSON WILSON, of Belmont, Vauxhall, in
the County of Surrey, Managing Director of Price's Patent Candle
Company, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said George Gwynne and George Fer-
gusson Wilson, Her special licence that we, the said George Gwynne,
and George Fergusson Wilson, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said George Gwynne and George
Fergusson Wilson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CANDLES, NIGHT LIGHTS, AND SOAP," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said George Gwynne and George Fergusson

page_text: Wilson, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Gwynne and George
Fergusson Wilson, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof
(that is to say):
Within the last ten years a large manufacture of candles has
grown up, not only in this country, but in several foreign nations:
The essential features of this manufacture may thus briefly be de-
scribed, the fatty material is first treated with sulphuric acid, and
is then distilled. Now, we have lately discovered that, out of fatty
bodies treated with sulphuric acid, and subsequently treated with
lime, alkalies, alkaline earths, metallic oxides, or other matters
decomposible by sulphuric acid, good candles, night lights, and soap
can be made without having recourse to the process of distillation;
and our Invention consists of applying such matters in these manu-
factures.
And, in order that our said Invention may be most fully under-
stood and readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the
means pursued by us.
We would, however, in the first place, remark that, in our Patent
of the Twenty-eighth December, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-three, we described the making of candles of acidified fatty
and oily matters without pressure or distillation. We have dis-
covered that, by subjecting fatty and oily matters acidified by sul-
phuric acid to an after process of treatment with lime, or with
alkalies, alkaline earths, or metallic oxides, or other matters decom-
posible by sulphuric acid, improved candles can be made.
The method we prefer to employ is as follows: We boil up the
fatty or oily matters after acidification with four pounds of lime, and

page_text: allow it to repose for four hours; we then remove the fatty matters
from the sediment, and boil the same up by means of free steam,
with diluted sulphuric acid, until that part of the lime that has
combined with the fatty acid is separated; we then boil up with an
equal bulk of water. The material is then ready for use.
In like manner may the matters decomposible by sulphuric acid
be employed in place of lime.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Fergusson Wilson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three
Witness,
JNO. ALCOCK.
GEO. F. WILSON. (L.S.)