IM- PROVEMENTS IN The Manufacture OF WOVEN BELTS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lorentz Albert Groth, Civil Engineer, and Proprietor of
the Scandinavian Patent and Mercantile Office, under the Firm L. A. Groth
& Cie., of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN The Manufacture OF WOVEN BELTS." A communication by
William Gibson, of Gothenburg.
Sealed the 30th September 1879, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
and dated the 22nd March 1870
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lorentz Albert Groth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1879.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, Civil Engineer, and Proprietor of the Scandinavian
Patent and Mercantile Office, under the Firm L. A. Groth & Cie., of Stockholm, in
the Kingdom of Sweden. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN
BELTS." (A communication by William Gibson, of Gothenburg.)
These belts are woven of cotton in an ordinary loom in the following manner:-
The warp contains 13 sets or groups of threads per inch. When beamed on the
warp beam the threads Nos. 1 and 2 in each consist each of two four twisted
threads of cotton yarn; the warp thread No. 3 of a single four twisted thread, and
Nos. 4 and 5 of two four twisted threads of cotton yarn, after which the same order
is observed in the next group. The warp in the belt thus contains 468 single
threads per inch.
The weft is done by means of a two bobbin shuttle, which leaves two seven
twisted threads for each passage in the warp; per inch there are thus laid 22
double threads, or 308 single threads of cotton yarn.
When the shuttle is filled, the warp fixed, and the machinery arranged in proper
order, the weaving begins.
The eccentrics of the loom serve as pedals, and they are placed as usual at the
side of the loom, and are on one side provided with a cam groove of peculiar form
wherein a roller on a lever can work. Because of the different form of the grooves
the following motion is by the lever scommunicated to the leish or thrumb sets :—
Before the first passage of the shuttle through the warp or the first group the
Price 6737

page_text: groups of thrumbs Nos. 1 to 3 with their warp threads are up, and the thrumb
groups 2, 4, and 5, with their threads down.
Before the second stroke the thrumb groups 1, 2, and 4, are up, and 3 and 5
down.
Before the third stroke the thrumb group No. 2 is up, and Nos. 1, 3, 4, and 5
down.
Before the fourth stroke No. 4 is up, and Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 5, down.
The fifth stroke is identical with the first, and so the weaving continues.
The double or shafted cotton belts are stronger and more suitable for great
widths than the single ones. They are made as follows:-The warp contains 13 sets
of threads per inch; when beamed the threads Nos. 1, 2, and 3, in each group
consist each of two threads of multiple twisted cotton; the warp thread No. 4 of a
single multiple twisted thread, and the warp threads 5, 6, and 7, likewise of two
multiple twisted threads.
The weft is put in by means of a double bobbin shuttle, which leaves two many-
twisted threads by each passage through the warp. From 20 to 26 many-twisted
threads are put in per inch; the eccentrics of the loom serving as pedals are suitably
formed for the purpose.
They are placed at the side of the loom in the usual manner, they are on one side
formed with cam groove for lever roller to work in. By reason of the different
forms of cam grooves the usual levers impart such a movement to the thrumb
groups that before the first passage of the shuttle through the warp or its first
stroke the groups Nos. 6 and 3 are up, and Nos. 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 down.
Before the second stroke No. 1, 2, 3, and 6, are up, and 4, 5, and 7 down.
Before the third stroke Nos. 1 and 6 are up, and Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 down.
Before the fourth stroke No. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are up, and 2 and 7 down.
Before the fifth stroke No. 1, 3, and 4, are up, and 2, 5, 6, and 7 down.
Before the sixth stroke Nos. 1, 3, 4, 6, and 7, are up, and 2 and 5 down.
The seventh stroke is like the first, and in this order the weaving is thus
continued.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Lorentz Albert Groth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
September 1879.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, Civil Engineer, and Proprietor of the Scandinavian
Patent and Mercantile Office, under the Firm L. A. Groth & Cie., of Stockholm, in
the Kingdom of Sweden. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN
BELTS." (A communication by William Gibson, of Gothenburg.)
Belts made according to this Invention present as against leather belts the
following advantages:-They can be made and sold at a considerably cheaper price;
their strength often appears to exceed that of leather straps, and the machinery
suffer less wear and tear because of the more even action of these soft and
homogeneous belts; they also stretch less than leather straps.
These belts are woven of cotton in an ordinary loom in the following manner;
the warp contains 13 sets or groups of threads per inch. When beamed on the
warp beam the threads No. 1 and 2 in each set consist each of two four twisted
threads of cotton yarn; the warp thread No. 3 of a single four twisted thread, and
No. 4 and 5 of two four twisted threads of cotton yarn, after which the same order
is observed in the next group. The warp in the belt thus contains 468 single
threads per inch.
In order to render clear the insertion of the warp in the leish or thrumb set
let each line in the diagram below represent a separately movable leish or
thumb ant
The beamed warp is now treated in the following manner:-The two warp
threads above named under thread No. 1 are brought in through the outermost
eye in the thrumb group No. 1; the two next or thread No. 2 are brought through
the outermost eye of thrumb group marked No. 2; the next single thread is
threaded through eye in thrumb group No. 3, further in same manner in thrumb
groups No. 4 and 5, after which commence again as before. When the whole warp
is thus leish threaded it is placed in the loom and stretched.
The weft is done by means of a two bobbin shuttle, which leaves two seven
twisted threads for each passage in the warp; per inch there are thus laid 22
double threads, or 308 single threads of cotton yarn.
When the shuttle is filled, the warp fixed, and the machinery arranged in proper
order, the weaving begins.
The eccentrics of the loom are of special construction for the purpose as shewn
on the accompanying Drawing, and serve as pedals, and are placed as usual at the
side of the loom (see Figures and 2), and are on one side provided with a cam
groove a of peculiar form, wherein a roller b from a pin d on a lever e can work
(see Figures 3, 4, and 5). Because of the different form of the grooves the following
motion is by the levers communicated to the leish or thrumb sets.
Before the first passage of the shuttle through the warp, or
The first group, the groups of thrumbs No. 1 to 3 with their warp threads are up,
and the thrumb groups 2, 4, and 5, with their threads down.
Before the second stroke the thrumb groups 1, 2, and 4, are up, and 3 and 5
down.
Before the third stroke the thrumb group No. 2 is up, and No. 1, 3, 4, and 5,
down.
Before the fourth stroke No. 4 is up, and No. 1, 2, 3, and 5 down.
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page_text: double or shafted cotton belts are stronger and more suitable for great widths than
the single ones; they are made as follows:-The warp contains 13 sets of threads
per inch; when beamed the threads No. 1, 2, and 3, in each group consist each of
two threads of multiple twisted cotton, the warp thread No. 4 of a single multiple
twisted thread, and the warp threads 5, 6, and 7, likewise of two multiple twisted
threads.
In the diagram below, which renders the leishes intelligible, let each line signify
a thrumb group separately movable.
The two first warp threads, or No. 1, are inserted through the outermost eye of
the thrumb group No. 1, the next, or No. 2, in the outermost eye of thrumb group
No. 2; it is continued with the other thread of the set; when the set has been
leish threaded one commences with the next following set, until the whole beamed
warp has been leish threaded.
The weft is put in by means of a double bobbin shuttle which leaves two many
twisted threads by each passage through the warp. From 20 to 26 many twisted
threads are put in per inch. The eccentrics of the loom serving as pedals are
suitably formed for the purpose as shewn in the Figures 7, 8, and 9.
They are placed at the side of the loom in the usual manner, as shewn at
Figure 6; they are on one side formed with cam groove a for lever roller b to work
in. By reason of the different forms of cam grooves the usual levers impart such a
movement to the thrumb groups, that
Before the first passage of the shuttle through the warp, or its first stroke, the
groups No. 6 and 3 are up, and No. 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 down.
Before the second stroke No. 1, 2, 3, and 6 are up, and 4, 5, and 7 down.
Before the third stroke No. 1 and 6 are up, and No. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 down.
Before the fourth stroke No. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are up, and 2 and 7 down.
Before the fifth stroke No. 1, 3, and 4 are up, and 2, 5, 6, and 7 down.
Before the sixth stroke No. 1, 3, 4, 6, and 7 are up, and 2 and 5 down.
The seventh stroke is like the first, and in this order the weaving is thus
continued.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, I declare
that I claim,-
-
Firstly. The mode substantially as herein described of manufacturing single or
double cotton driving bands.
Secondly. The special construction of eccentric cams, and their combination with
an ordinary large canvas loom for the purpose of imparting the required motion to
the thrumb groups, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lorentz Albert Groth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH. (L.S.)
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