IMPROVEMENTS IN CRAPING HAIR AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Pitcher, of 15, Park Street, in the
Parish of Saint Pancras, in the County of Middlesex, Ornamental
Hair Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRAPING
HAIR AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED
THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Pitcher at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th November 1873.
I, WALTER PITCHER, of 15, Park Street, in the Parish of Saint
5 Pancras, in the County of Middlesex, Ornamental Hair Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CRAPING HAIR AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MACHINERY
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
In carrying out this Invention I have for my object the altering and
O semplefying of certain parts of the machine for which Letters Patent
were granted to me bearing date the Fourteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, and
numbered One hundred and forty-six.

page_text: The improvements consist in the use of appropriately grooved wheels,
in which spikes are inserted, and of a forked arrangement to take off
the woven material; the use of a weight in place of springs to maintain
the pressure on the thread or core, or of a single wheel or drum
corrugated or covered with a suiteable material, round which the thread
or core is made to pass in order to preserve a suitable tension during the
process of weaving; the use of a pully and external weights in
connection with the plunger of the bobbin carrier; the use of rods in
place of hollow tubes in connection with hollow centered cog wheels,
and dics for the conveniance of arrangeing the thread or cores, an
arrangement for tightning the cord or gut of the tension and feed
motion, and in reduceing the number of bearings in the various working
parts.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Paten
filed by the said Walter Pitcher in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WALTER
PITCHER, of No. 15, Park Street, in the Parish of Saint Pancras, in the
County of Middlesex, Ornamental Hair Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Walter Pitcher, Her special licence
that I, the said Walter Pitcher, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Walter Pitcher, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CRAPING HAIR AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED
THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Walter
Pitcher, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Walter Pitcher, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
In carrying out this Invention I have for my object the altering and
semplefying of certain parts of the machine for which Letters Patent
were granted to me bearing date the Fourteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, and
numbered One hundred an forty-six.
The improvements consist in the use of a small wheel with a bevilled
grove in it, along the bottom of which spikes or sharp pointed pins are
fixed, to take off the woven material, instead of fluted wheels used for
that purpose in the above-named Patent. The wheel being placed
above the weaving point catches and holds the woven material on
the spikes or pins, and draws it up as the wheel revolves. In order to
relieve the woven material from the spikes or pins a small piece of metal is
so fixed behind the wheel that its end projects into the bevilled grove and
presses slightly against the bottom of it; the end of this piece of metal
is forked, so the spikes may pass around without interfearance, but the
woven material will be pushed off them. By this arrangement the parts
in connection with the taking off are very much simplified and the
frection reduced, while the tension can be taken off the woven material
with the greatest facility.
Another improvement consist in the use of a weight or weights in
place of spring hooks to maintain the pressure on the fluted wheels
which pay on the threads; this being accomplished by placing a fluted
wheel above the one on a spindle giving the paying-off motion, and
attatching its centres to an upright rod on which weights can be placed,
or by leaver acting so as to produce the requisite pressure.
Another improvement consist in the use of a pully on the plunger of
a bobbin carrier, under which the material passes which is to be woven
to render its action more certain.

page_text: Another improvement consist in the use of rods instead of hollow
tubes, connected with the hollow centre cog wheels and discs, for the
conveniance of getting at and arranging the threads or cores.
Another improvement consist in fixing of one of the pullies over
which the cord giving motion to the paying on-and-off motion passes to
a sliding plate, so that the cord can by means of a thumbscrew and nut
be slackened or tightened as required.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be carried into effect, I would have it
understood that what I claim as my Invention is,―
First. The use of groved and spiked wheels as described for the perpose
of taking off the material woven.
Second. The application of the above-described improvements to the
machine, for which Letters Patent were granted to me as before stated
and detailed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Pitcher, hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
WALTER PITCHER. (L.S.)