CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON DRILLS TO BE APPIXED TO PLOUGHS
Year: 1820

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SWIFT TOREY, of Deeping Saint James, in the County of Lincoln, Farmer,.
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth did, by,
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of that part of the United Kingdom.
of Great Britain and Ireland called England, bearing date at Westminster,.
the First day of November, in the first year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said William Swift Torey, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said,
William Swift Torey, my exors; admors, and assigns, during the term of
years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of " CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON DRILLS TO BE APPIXED TO PLOUGHS;"
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the said
William Swift Torey, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by
the same, relation being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Swift Torey, do hereby declare that the nature of, my said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the
following description thereof (that is to say) :-
Figure 1 represents a plough of the ordinary form (or which may be of
any other construction), having the improved drill A attached to the beam.
Figure 2 is a view of the drill with the wheel connected, the hinder part of
the box being removed in order to shew the internal works. Figure 3 is
a section shewing the inside of the box next the plough beam, taken through
Figure 2 at the dotted line B, B; and Figure 4 is a view of the interior of
the box, the side C, C, being removed. a is a wheel which runs upon the
land, to which is attached the shank b, as shewn, distinct from the box in
Figure 5. This shank is intended to go through the plough beam and to be
fastened by a wedge thereto, as seen in Figure 1, which shank 6, with the
wheel a attached, regulates the depth of the plough. c is an iron affixed to
the side of the box for the purpose of connecting the shank and box together
by a bayonet fastening at bottom and mortice and key at top. The axle of
the wheel a passes through a hole in the side of the box, and at its extremity.
receives the pinion d, which takes into the cog wheel e; several pinions of
different sizes are to be provided for the purpose of changing, so as to alter
the velocity with which the cog wheel e may be required to turn. The cog
wheel e is affixed to the axle of the cup wheel f, and which axle works in a
brass collar at g, its pivot resting in a lever h, to be further described hereafter.
The grain intended to be sown is placed in the upper part of the box divided
off from the lower part by a partition i, i, i, shewn in section at Figures 3
and 4, which grain descends into the lower compartment. of the box through
an opening at j, Fig. 4, the delivery of which is regulated by a slider or
feeding gage k, to be opened or closed more or less by the screw 1. m, m, m,
are cups attached to the wheel f, which being carried round by the revolution
of the cog wheel and axle e, as before described, takes up the seed from the
lower part of the box and delivers it into the funnell n, whence it descends
through the spout o into the furrow. Figure 6 is a perspective representation
of the cog wheel, e its axle, and the cup wheelf, with the cups being detached
from the box. Several of these axles, &c. are to accompany the drill, and be
exchanged for the purpose of sowing different quantities and qualities of seed,
and are readily displaced by drawing out the sliding partition p, which forms
the division between the two lower compartments of the box, and confines the
axle in its place. In order to regulate the quantity of seed to be sown the
number of cups must be varied, as well as their size suited, to the quality; and
the velocity of the cup wheel is to be regulated by the number of teeth on

page_text: he pinion d, variable at pleasure, as before observed. There is a contrivance
when the drill is required to be out of action, as in turning at the end of the
furrow, to throw the cog wheel e out of gear, and hence to stop the revolution
of the cups. It has been said that the pivot of the axle carrying the cog.
wheel e and cup wheel rests in a lever; this lever is seen at h in Figure 3,
its fulcrum being at w; a worm spring s pulls the lever down so as to keep the
cog wheel e in gear with the pinion d, but when it is required to stop the
sowing of the seed then the string t, (attached to the lever h, and passing over
the pulley v to the plough handle,) is pulled so as to draw up the lever h, and
take the teeth of the cog wheel e out of gear with the pinion. At the end of
the string is a hook for the purpose of hooking on to an eye upon the lever u
at the plough handle, which lever u being drawn down and confined in the
stop iron (seen detached from the plough handle at Figure 7), keeps the
drill out of action, though the wheel a may be going round. When the action
of the drill is stopped, the feeding or supplying of the seed is also stopped by
means of the lever q, q, and the stop gage or slider y, Figure 2, which lever
q turns upon a fulcrum at r. The claw end of the lever h, Figure 3, as it
rises (by the means before described), lifts the short arm of the lever q, and of
consequence depresses the long arm (which is elastic), and being connected to
the stop-gage or slider y, closes the feeding aperture, by which the seed is
preventing from falling into the lower part of the box; releasing the lever u
will of course cause the feeding hole to open by raising the stop-gage, and
bring the wheel and pinion c and d into gear by the pull of the worm springs,
Figure 3. By the addition of another set of cups placed at the back of the
cup wheel, two rows of seed may be drilled or sown at the same time. For
drilling with rape seed or turnip seed it will be necessary to apply a spindle
with seven very small cups, and to fix on a pinion with nine teeth taking into
a cog wheel with fourteen, which will sow two quarts per acre. A pinion with
eleven teeth will sow three quarts, and with thirteen, four quarts per acre.
Barley, wheat, oats, beans, &c. will require eight cups to be used rather larger,
and a pinion with nine teeth to sow two bushels per acre, eleven teeth to sow
two bushels and a half, and thirteen to sow three bushels per acre.
sowing three and a half bushels of wheat, barley, &c., a spindle with twelve
large cups must be used, and a pinion with nine teeth; to sow four bushels, a
pinion with eleven teeth, and to sow four and a half bushels per acre apply a
pinion with thirteen teeth; by increasing or decreasing the feed or supply of
seed into the lower part of the box a greater or less quantity will be sown by
the above arrangement.
For
In this Patent I do not claim any improvement in the construction of

page_text: ploughs, but only in the plough drill herein described. Horse drills have been
heretofore used with cups, and therefore I do not claim the exclusive use of
cups as applied to drills, but confine my claim of originality and invention of
the adaptation of the above contrivance to plough drills.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Swift Torey, have hereunto".
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty.
CIDED WELL.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1820, the aforesaid William Swift Torey came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-eighth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty.