IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Jefferson, Cornelius Jefferson, Lazarus
Jefferson, and Mordecai Jefferson, all of Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine Makers, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
We, JOSEPH JEFFERSON, CORNelius Jefferson, Lazarus Jefferson,
and MORDECAI JEFFERSON, all of Bradford, in the County of York,
Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES," to
be as follows:-

page_text: or fibre to be deposited on the combs or circles at the nearest point of
their approximation or contact.
Secondly. In the use of a "ring" or rings or a semicircular strip or
strips of metal inserted within the chamber or space between the teeth
or pins of the circular combs to ensure the complete penetration of the
clearing comb (herein-after described); and also to secure the more
certain and effectual operation of the fibre lifting knives.
Thirdly. In the use of a lifting knife or knives, or of raising and
lowering the sections of the guards so as to ease delivery from the feed
balls or bobbins containing the fibre.
Fourthly. In the construction of boxes, each having a lug or projection
cast or secured thereto on which the inclines act, whereby we dispense
with the pins heretofore employed for raising the boxes and for prevent-
ing the boxes being moved laterally, and to secure more certainty in the
lowering of such boxes.
The construction and arrangement of the mechanism or apparatus,
whereby we effect these objects, is as follows:-We affix (by preference)
on the upper end of the spindle of the fluted drawing-off roller a bevel
wheel gearing with another bevel wheel mounted on a short horizontal
shaft supported by a bracket or standard. On the other end of the said
shaft is an eccentric or crank, to which is connected an arm or lever,
supported about midway its length by a clip, to which serves as a
fulcrum to the lever and also admits of a slight lateral motion of the said
lever, to the lower end of which is attached the clearing comb. This
comb is immediately over and works within a space or chamber formed:
between the inner and the outer rows of pins or teeth of the circles. On
each revolution of the shaft the eccentric or crank will impart through
the agency of the lever a rising and falling and a traverse motion to the
clearing comb within the space between the pins or teeth of the circles,
and so clear or cleanse the wool or fibre within such space.
$
The pins or teeth of the clearing comb are of varying degrees of fine-
ness, and in order to admit of complete penetration a ring" or rings
or strips of metal are introduced between the pins or teeth of the circles
on which the wool or fibre being cleared rests. The wool or fibre is thus
prevented reaching the bottom of the pins and chambers, and so pro-
vision is also made and facility afforded for the entrance of the points

page_text: of the ordinary lifting knives under the fibre is secured. The knife or
knives for casing the feed balls or bobbins containing the wool or other
fibre to be combed we apply (by preference) between the guides and the
boxes. As the fire advances along the knife or knives the feed balls or
bobbins partially revolve and "give off" the required supply. Or instead
of the knife the sections of the guides may by means of a lever be raised
and lowered and so secure an easier draw or feed from the said bobbins.
filed by the said Joseph Jefferson, Cornelius Jefferson, Lazarus
Jefferson, and Mordecai Jefferson in the Great Seal Patent Office on,
the 21st September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JoSEPH
JEFFERSON, CORNELIUS JEFFERSON, LAZARUS JEFFERSON, and MORDECAI:
JEFFERSON, all of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Makers,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Joseph Jefferson, Cornelius Jefferson, Lazarus
Jefferson, and Mordecai Jefferson, Her special licence that we, the said
Joseph Jefferson, Cornelius Jefferson, Lazarus Jefferson, and Mordecai
Jefferson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Joseph Jefferson, Cornelius Jefferson, Lazarus Jefferson,
and Mordecai Jefferson, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBRES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph
Jefferson, Cornelius Jefferson, Lazarus Jefferson, and Mordecai Jefferson,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe
86

page_text: the inner and the outer rows of pins or teeth of the circles. On each
revolution of the shaft the eccentric or crank will impart through the
agency of the lever a rising and falling, and a traverse motion to the
clearing comb within the space between the pins or teeth of the circles,
and so clear or cleanse the wool or fibre within such space.
The pins or teeth of the clearing comb are of various degrees of fine-
ness, and in order to admit of complete penetration a ring or rings
or strips of metal are introduced between the pins or teeth of the circles
on which the wool or fibre being cleared rests. The wool or fibre is thus
prevented reaching the bottom of the pins and chambers, and so pro-
vision is also made and facility afforded for the entrance of the points
of the ordinary lifting knives under the fibre is secured. The knife or
knives for easing the feed balls or bobbins containing the wool or other
fibre to be combed we apply by preference between the guides and
the boxes. As the fibre advances the knife or knives cause the feed
balls or bobbins by tension on the fibre partially to revolve and give off
the required supply. Or instead of the knife the sections of the guides
may by means of a lever be raised and lowered, and so secure an easier
draw or feed from the said bobbins.
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will
now proceed to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same
may be clearly understood we have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Draw-
ings, and have marked the same with letters and figures of reference,
the same letter referring to the same part in the various views or
Figures.
.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the comb and apparatus connected therewith
for operating the same; Fig. 2 is a side view of the same, partly in
section; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail; Fig. 4 is a side view of apparatus
for carrying the feed balls or bobbins; Fig. 5 is a front view of a similar
apparatus for a like purpose.
A is the spindle of the fluted drawing-off roller on which we mount
the bevel wheel B, gearing with the bevel wheel C on the short hori-
zontal shaft D, supported by and working in the bracket or standard E.
At F is shewn an eccentric, to which is connected an arm or lever G,
supported about midway its length by the clip H, which serves as a
fulcrum to the lever G and admits of a slight lateral motion of the said
lever, to the lower end of which is attached the clearing comb J. At J'

page_text: is a space or chamber formed between the outer and inner rows of pins,
within which space the comb J operates as follows:-On each revolution
of the shaft D the eccentric (or a crank may be employed) F will impart
through the agency of the lever G a rising and falling and a traverse
motion to the clearing comb J within the space J¹, and so clear or cleanse
the wool or fibre therein.
The pins of the comb J are of varying degrees of fineness, that is to
say, those nearest the "feed" or advancing wool are coarsest set, so as to
gradually and effectually clear the noil, because the comb J makes
several strokes during the passage of the fibre at this point, and in order
to admit of complete penetration thereof a ring or rings or strips of
metal K (see Fig. 3) are introduced between the pins or teeth of the
circles on which the wool or fibre rests; and K¹ is a holding down knife.
The wool or fibre is thus prevented reaching the bottom of the pins and
chambers, and so better provision is made and facility afforded for the
entrance of the points of the ordinary lifting knives under the fibre.
The knives for easing the feed balls or bobbins are shewn at M; N being
a section of the ordinary guide, and P is the boxes, and R is a "ball" or
bobbin from which the wool or fibre S is "passing." It will be seen that
the knife M is set below the aperture or eye of the guide so as to ensure
a drag on the fibre when in contact with the said knife, and so cause the
ball to "give" and draw off the required quantity of fibre.
At Fig. 5 we have shewn another means and apparatus for effecting
the same object. In this case we employ an incline T which the levers T
ascend, and by means of the pins V fixed to the guides N raise or lift
the said guides in the slides W, and so impart a partial rotation to
the said balls R, causing them to give off the fibre at this point as
required. At K² is shewn a lug or projection cast with or secured to the
box P, and T are ordinary inclines, which as the said boxes revolve by
acting on the said lugs raise the boxes, and the additional weight of the
lugs secures the descent or drop of the boxes with greater certainty.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this our said
Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, we would have it distinctly
understood that what we claim is,―
Firstly. The apparatus employed for clearing or cleansing the wool or
fibre, substantially as herein described and illustrated.

page_text: Secondly. The use and employment of the "rings" or strips of metal K,
as and for the purpose herein fully described and illustrated.
Thirdly. The apparatus for effecting the "easing" of the feed balls or
bobbins, as herein described and illustrated.
Fourthly. The construction of boxes having lugs thereon for the
purpose of facilitating the raising and lowering the same, as herein fully
described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Jefferson, have for and on be-
half of myself and the said Cornelius Jefferson, Lazarus Jefferson,
and Mordecai Jefferson, hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nine-
teenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two.
JOSEPH JEFFERSON. (L.S.)
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Tasker & Brierley,
Patent Agents,
Halifax & Blackburn.