Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 12th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1805
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks.
I, HENRY WOOD, of Granville Road, St. Albans, in the County of Hertford-
shire, Merchant and Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention' to
be as follows:-
:-
My invention relates to an improved manufacture of bricks, the chief feature of
which is that I utilize dust bin or similar refuse for burning clay and then mix the
burnt clay with unburnt clay previous to grinding the same.
The proportions of the clay and refuse in the mixture to be burnt may be varied
within very wide limits, for example as low a proportion as 5% of refuse may be
successfully used although the process of burning is in such case much slower than
when a greater proportion of refuse is used.
I grind the clay thus burnt, along with unburnt clay in any proportions from
about 5% to 90% of burnt material.
This mixture of ground burnt and unburnt clay may be used by itself for the
manufacture of bricks or it may be mixed with sand, gravel, clinker, broken and
ground gas retorts, old fire-brick, brick rubbish and the like.
By the use of refuse to burn the clay the expense of coal or other bought fuel is
avoided and very cheap and good bricks can be made.
Dated this 20th day of August 1894
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
I, HENRY WOOD of Granville Road, St. Albans, Hertfordshire, Merchant and
Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of bricks, whereby
I am enabled to produce, from plastic clays, bricks of the highest quality, such as
are now produced only from the dryer clays, which are capable of being ground
and afterwards moulded, under great pressure, in the so-called semi-dry machines.
In the manufacture of high-class bricks with the aid of the semi-dry machine, it
is usual to take clay of the suitable kind, & grind it in a mortar mill with a
perforated pan. The ground clay, being of the proper consistency, finds its way
through the perforations in a state suitable for moulding in the machine into
bricks, which are afterwards burnt. If, however, it is attempted to treat the
plastic clays in a similar manner, it will be found that in their normal condition
they are quite unsuitable for grinding, pressing, and moulding in the semi-dry
machine, and will not even pass through the perforations of the mortar mill pan.
According to my invention, I take the now unsuitable plastic clays, and burn
them, mixing therewith some kind of inexpensive combustible material,-by
[Price 8d.]

page_text: preference dust-bin or similar refuse. The method of burning adopted is similar
to that employed in the manufacture of what is known as "burnt ballast," save that
I prefer to employ the waste combustible material before mentioned, in lieu of coal
or other more expensive fuel.
The burnt clay is then ground in the mortar mill, together with unburnt plastic
clay, in suitable proportions, which will vary according to the amount of moisture
which the plastic clay contains, care being taken that the consistency of the
mixture is such that it will pass through the perforations of the mill pan in a
semi-dry state, suitable for treatment by pressure in the moulding machine. To
the mixture of burnt and unburnt clay in the mill, may be added, if desired, other
substances, such as sand, gravel, clinker, brick rubbish, stone refuse, slag, and the
like, which substances will be ground up and pressed with the clay into bricks,
which are afterwards fired in the ordinary way. The proportions of these added
substances with regard to the clay, must be regulated by the consistency which
results from their addition, but no precise instructions with regard to this can be
laid down.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In the manufacture of bricks, tiles, and similar articles, the employment of
plastic clay treated as above described, for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 12th day of January 1895.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.