Improvements in Apparatus for Weaving Inner Selvedges on Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 9th Dec., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Weaving Inner Selvedges on
Textile Fabrics.
I, GEORGE BROWNING the Younger, of Carter Street, Higher Broughton,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the apparatus described in the
Specification of Patent No. 6273 of 1893.
It consists essentially in constructing the apparatus to be operated by means of
a rack from the movement of the slay.
It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1. Side elevation of the apparatus with transverse section of parts of the
loom showing its relative position thereto.
Fig. 1. Plan of pivoted driving rack A.
Fig. 2. Side elevation of apparatus removed from the loom.
Fig. 3. Longitudinal sectional elevation of same.
Fig. 4. Plan.
Fig. 5. End elevation from front of loom.
Fig. 6. End elevation from back of loom.
Fig. 7. Side elevation of the shed opening fingers H H¹ and parts which operate
the same.
Fig. 8. Plan of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9. Plan of the same parts showing the position of the fingers when in shed.
Fig. 10. Side elevation of the fingers JJ which lay the weft ends back into
the shed when cut and parts which operate the same.
Fig. 11. Plan of Fig. 10.
Fig. 12. Plan of the same parts showing the position of the fingers J J' when
in the shed.
Fig. 13. Side elevation of the shears which sever the threads and parts for
operating same.
Fig. 14. Plan of Fig. 13.
Fig. 15. Side elevation of stop mechanism which adjusts the sliding parts in
position.
Fig. 16. Plan of Fig. 15.
The several parts of the loom to which the apparatus is applied are constructed
in the usual way with the exception of the reed which is constructed with a space
of about an inch without any dents (or wires) opposite the apparatus and in drawing
in the warp threads an equivalent space is left between the threads.
The apparatus is attached to the breast beam of the loom by means of a
suitable bracket and is actuated by the rack A pivoted to the slay cap which
engages with the pinion B at each backward stroke of the slay D.
[ Price 8d l

page_text: The driving rack A is pivoted to the slay cap on the pivot a and held down by
the spring all and is cranked or stepped at a¹ to allow it to drop into gear with the
pinion before the return stroke of the slay. The pinion B is mounted upon the
cam shaft C and to the frame which supports the apparatus are attached a pivoted
incline and a stud or pin b'. The teeth do not extend across the face of the
rack a smooth surface being provided at the side of the teeth which slides over
the incline b and stud b¹. As the slay moves forward and approaches the breast
beam to beat up the weft the driving rack A slides up the pivoted incline 6 and
over the stud 6¹ until the cranked part a' reaches the stud 6 when the rack falls
off the stud into gear with the pinion B and as the slay moves back the wheel B
is rotated the rack being held in gear therewith by the stud b'. The incline & is
pivoted to allow the rack to pass under it when moving backward.
The frame which carries or supports the operative parts of the apparatus is
constructed in two parts E and F the part E being rigidly affixed to the breast
beam and the part F being adjustable in position by the stop G capable of sliding
to and fro being caused to move back by the slay D as it beats up out of the way
of the reed and being forced back again by the springs g on the rods g' as the slay
recedes. The fixed and stationary part E of the frame carries the driving wheel B
and the actuating cams and the moving part F of the frame carries the shed
openers the weft fingers and the cutting shears by which the selvedge is formed.
The movable part F of the frame is mounted upon the slide rods g' which are
supported by and move to and fro in the brackets e forming part of the fixed
frame E. At the outer ends the rods g¹ are connected to a cross bar G' against
which adjustable screws or studs d projecting from the face of the slay D engage.
The shed openers consist of a pair of fingers H H pivoted to the under side of
the movable frame F on the pins or pivots h. The long ends of the fingers HH
enter the shed from the edge before the weft thread is cut and hold it open to
receive the cut end of the thread when turned back therein. The short ends of
the fingers H H₁ are slotted as shown and in the slot works a pin i carried by and
projecting from a sliding rod I. The rod I is moved in one direction by the cam I¹
acting upon the pivoted lever i' the lower end of which bears against the end of the
sliding rod and it is moved backwards by the spring". The lever i¹ is pivoted to
the sliding frame F and noves to and fro with it.
The weft fingers J J₁ which carry the cut ends of the weft thread when severed
back again into the shed are pivoted at or near the end of the apparatus at a point
beyond the apex of the shed between that and the reed with the free ends pointing
towards the cloth. On the upper ends of the pins or pivots ; j¹ to which the
fingers J J are affixed are two cam pieces K K provided with radial slots with
which the pins k k¹ engage the movements of these pins backwards and forwards
move the cam pieces K K¹ and cause the fingers J J¹ to move upon their pivots.
The weft fingers J J' are formed of two plates of spring steel connected together
at one end or of one piece bent back upon itself to form a loop or siot as shown
into which the weft thread is pushed prior to being cut. An additional spring j
may be applied to each of these to assist in retaining the weft thread therein until
required to be withdrawn. The pins kk' are carried in the block or washer or
the end of the sliding rod L. The rod L is moved in one direction by the cam L
acting upon the pivoted lever the lower end of which bears against the end of the
rod and it is moved back in the other direction by the spring. The lever is
pivoted to the sliding frame F. The forked plate and the pin serve to prevent
the rod L turning in its bearings or it may be made rectangular for the same
purpose.
A pair of scissors or shears M to sever the weft thread are placed with their end
or cutting part between the weft fingers J J'. The fixed blade m of the shears i
screwed to the moving frame F and the movable blade is connected by a link n to
pivoted lever N which is actuated by a pin N' on the side of the plate or disc R
The lever N is pivoted to the sliding frame F.
The adjustable stop G which holds the movable frame F in position rests agains

page_text: When
the pivoted lever ☐ or the pawl P according to the position of the frame.
at rest during the movement of the shuttle across the loom through the shed it rests
against the pawl P as shown in the drawings after the weft fingers J J¹ enter the
shed with the cut weft threads the pivoted lever O is moved backwards by the
cam O carrying with it the movable frame F and the parts connected to it for
the purpose of delivering the cut weft threads into the shed as near the last weft
thread as possible. At the same time the pawl P is lifted by the pins P' acting on
the lever p
thus allowing the moving frame F to move still further forward so that
the weft fingers J J' shall when returning to their normal position be quite clear
of the cut weft threads just deposited in the shed.
A disc or washer R on the cam shaft C is provided with a flat against which a
spring lever R' rests for the purpose of adjusting the cams and driving wheel in the
same position at the end of each stroke or movement of the rack A in readiness for
the next. The plates S S¹ one on either side of the apparatus hold down the cloth
and the lower half of the warp shed so that the weft fingers J J¹ will not catch on
the edge of the shed when entering it.
The temple rollers T T' hold the cloth in position after the weft threads havo
been cut by the scissors M.
This apparatus may if desired be arranged to cut each alternate weft thread
leaving each alternate one uncut. This may be done by making the driving
pinion B with double the number of teeth and arranging the cams on the shaft C so
that they will actuate the required parts during a half revolution remaining at rest
during the next half revolution at the succeeding stroke of the rack. The
apparatus may be also arranged to cut and turn in one out of every three or other
number of weft threads if desired. To prevent the weft thread entering the
fingers J J when not required to be cut the lower edge of the movable blade of the
scissors M may be prolonged beyond the fingers and curved to project on
the under side.
If intended that the cloth be removed from the loom before the remaining
threads are cut the apparatus may be suspended from a beam or bracket fixed above
And if desired to turn
the breast beam so that the cloth may pass away underneath.
in only alternate threads and cut off the remaining ones before leaving the loom
scissors may be applied at each side to cut the threads as the cloth moves forward
or they may be drawn over a knife blade. A diagram of cloth woven in each of
these ways is shown in Fig. 17.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-The reed as it beats up the weft
thread carried into the shed by the shuttle carries it down past the nose F1 into the
weft fingers J J. The adjustable screws or pins d on the slay cap D strike against
the cross bar G¹ and carry the movable frame F back with it and also carries the
When
rack A over the pin 6' and incline 6 into gear with the driving pinion B.
the apparatus is thus pushed back the edges of the plates S S are kept in a line
with the edge of the cloth and spring back with it when the reed recedes. The
scissors M are open and the weft thread has been passed also between the blades.
As the reed and slay D move away from the cloth the rack A rotates the wheel B
the shaft C and the several cams thereon the lever N is first actuated and the
scissors M cut the weft thread in two. Next the shed openers H H₁ are (by the
cam I lever and rod I) moved into the position shown in Fig. 9 within the shed
lifting the upper threads of the shed clear for the entrance of the weft fingers J J¹.
The weft fingers J J¹ are next moved (by the cam L¹ lever and rod L) to the
position shown in Fig. 12 carrying with them the cut ends of the warp thread into
the shed when they have reached this point the sliding carriage F and the parts
carried by it are moved back by the cam O' operating on the lever O thus carrying
the cut ends of weft back towards the apex of the shed the fingers then complete
their outward movement releasing the threads. The shed openers H H' are then
returned to their normal position by the spring" on the rod I and at the same time
the pawl P is raised by the pins Pi and lever p and the lever O released by the
cam allows the carriage to slide back again to the full extent. By this additional

page_text: backward movement the points of the weft fingers J J' are carried further back so
that they will clear the weft thread they have carried into the shed after which
they are returned to their normal position by the spring on the rod L. The
apparatus has then completed one cycle and is in position to be operated again at
next stroke of the slay.
I would here remark that I am acquainted with the Specifications of Letters
Patent granted to William Simpson No. 8056 of 1890, and No. 14,614 of 1891,
and I wish it to be understood that I do not claim anything which is described and
claimed therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for weaving inner selvedges on fabrics the combination with the
apparatus of a rack pivoted to the slay which moves to and fro therewith a pinion
on the cam shaft with which the rack engages at the receding stroke of the slay
and a pivoted incline b to carry the rack clear of the pinion at the forward stroke
constructed and arranged substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for weaving the inner selvedges on fabrics constructed and arranged
in combination substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 27th day of September 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.