An Improved Process of Producing Floor Covering Material and the like from the Needles or Leaves of Pine Trees.
Year: 1895

page_text: TRUYIDIUNAD KLEUTE
[Communicated from abroad' by ALEXANDER KARL JULIUS VON. GERKAN, of
Helsingborg, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Engineer, and EDUARD ZIETZ, of
1 Brandstwieto No. 20, Hamburg, in the Empire of Germany, Merchant.]
An Improved Process of Producing Floor Covering Material and the
like from the Needles or Leaves of Pine Trees.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
tlie nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention relates to an improved process of producing floor covering
material and the like by the aid of needles or leaves of pine trees.
It is known that the floor covering material known as "linoleum," substantially
consists of disintegrated cork connected or rendered cohesive by means of suitable
binding agents and that this cork is or may be replaced by hair or fibrous
substances.
As a quite new and peculiar characteristic substitute for cork according to this
invention the needle shaped leaves of the pine tree are used, which are disintegrated
in the crude or dried state and which according to special requirement in floor
covering, as the case, may be, are mixed with oxidized desiccative oils, resin-oil,
turpentine, resins, lime, residues from oil-or fat distillations and colouring matters,
and laid on a suitable stuff or fabric as a' base, analogous to the manufacture of
cork carpets.
Although no fixed or standard mixing proportion, applicable in each separate
case, can be given, yet as, a general standard or guide the following proportion may
he adopted.
For the purpose of decomposing and bleaching the pine tree needles or leaves
they may, before or after their disintegration; be subjected to the action of acids or
liquors.
By using the needles or leaves of pine trees, for the production of flour covering
material and the like, such product is, in the, presence of the material made of
disintegrated cork, notionly considerably cheapened, but also this newly obtained
product is materially improved, since the pine tree needles, or leaves produce on the
one hand a more solid and resistible base than cork and on the other hand do not
possess the disagreeable smell of the latter but have on the contrary an aromatio
odour.
This new product may at present more particularly or exclusively be used as a

page_text: floor covering material but it is a matter of course that it may be applied for any
other suitable purpose.
Dated this 7th day of October 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Process of Producing Floor Covering Material and the
like from the Needles or Leaves of Pine Trees.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firin of Inscltime, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same 18 to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to an improved process of producing floor covering
material and the like by the aul of needles or leaves of pine trees
It is known that the floor covering material known as "linoleum" substantially
consists of disintegrated cork connected or rendered cohesive by means of suitable
binding agents and that attempts have been made to replace this cork by hair,
fibrous substances or deciduous leaves of tices. Deciduous leaves however, are not
very appropriate for the said pu pose as such leaves are alieady more or less rotten
and therefore not adapted for producing a tough cohesive and durable composition
with excellent wearing properties, whereas the needles of coniferous tiees are most
appropriate for providing a durable and efficient composition for floor-coverings.
The needles of coniferous trees have the preference or advantage over the leaves
of other trees, that they possess a coarse-fibrous quality or nature and form when
disintegrated a compact and solul mass. The aromatic smell, moreover, obviates
the disagreeable odour of the linseed oil which is otherwise existing or inherent in
the ready product.
The favorable qualities of the needles are most obvious when fresh or nearly
fresh needles are cmployed and when these needles are subjected to a preparatory
treatment with suitable, solvents or agents. For this purpose the needles of pine
trecs or the like, before or after their disintegration, are to be subjected to the
action of heat, steam or the like and then treated with acids such as inuriatic acid,
sulphurous acid on the like or with liquors such as soda-lye, lime-water and the like
in order to loosen or stir up the fibres of the needles, to burst open the wood- and
protoplasm-cells and to wash out the contents of the latter.
The needles thus treated or cottonized in order to open out the fibres are theu
mixed in a disintegrated state according to the special requirement in floor
covering, as the case may be, with oxidized desiccative oils, resin-oil, resins,
turpentine, lime, residues from oil-o fut distillations and colouring matter, and
laid on a suitable stuff or fabric as a base analogous to the manufacture of cork
carpets.
•
°
Although no fixed or standard mixing proportion, applicable in each separate
case, can be given, yet as a general standard or guide the following proportion may
be adopted:
33 to 55 parts of disintegrated needles of pine trees.
20 to 50 parts of oxidized oil, which may be supplemented or replaced by
resin oil or stearine pitch or residues from the oil distillation, each
saponified with hime

page_text: By ang pine tree needles prepared as stated above, for the production of floor
covering material and the like, such product is, in the presence of the material
made of disintegrated cork, not only considerably cheapened, but also this newly
obtained product is materially improved, since the pine tree needles (or leaves)
produce on the one hand a more solid and resistible base than cork and on the other
hand do not possess the disagreeable sinell of the latter but have on the contraty
an aromatic odour
This new product may at present more particularly or exclusively be used as a
floor covering material but it is a matter of course that it may be applied for any
other suitable purpose.
Having non particularly described and ascertamed the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign corespondent, I declare that what I claim 19:-
1. The herem described improved process of producing floor-covering material
and the like from the needles of pine trees or coniferous trees, which consists 10
mixing disintegrated needles subjected before or after disintegration to a pre-
paratory treatment with suitable solvents or agents, with oily, fatty or colouring
matters respectively and uniting this mass of mixture with a suitable stuff or fabric
as a base, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The hereindescribed composition of matter to be used for the manufacture of
floor coverings and the like consisting of disintegrated cottonized or opened needles
of pine trees or comferous trees and a suitable binding material, substantially
as and in about the proportions specified
3. A floor-covering or the like consisting of a suitable backing stuff or fabric
and a composition composed of disintegrated, cottonized or opened pine tree
needles, and a suitable binding material, said composition being applied to the
said backing stuff or fabric, substantially as set forth
el 1
PT 1004
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant