Improvements in or connected with Carriage Windows.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 2nd Jan., 1997
Improvements in or connected with Carriage Windows.
I, CHRISTIAN THORVALD SÖRENSEN, of 24 Clifton Road, Maida Vale,
London, W., in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with carriage windows.
In my invention I provide the frame within which the sash works with a vertical
rack or its equivalent. Upon the side of the sash I mount a spring engaging device
whose function is to engage the teeth of the said rack for the purpose of main-
taining the sash in a fixed position, the spring tending normally to keep the said
parts in engagement. In conjunction with the said engaging device I employ a
withdrawing device whose function is to withdraw the engaging device from
engagement with the rack when desired.
In one contemplated type of my invention the spring engaging device consists
of an ordinary leaf spring upon which is rivetted a short rack, whose teeth
correspond with those of the fixed rack in the frame, the said spring normally
pressing the short rack into engagement with the frame rack. The withdrawing
device consists of a pivotted spindle located at any convenient part of the sash and
provided with a handle for purposes of manipulation. Mounted upon the spindle
is a disc or its equivalent from the periphery of which a chain, link or the
equivalent thereof passes to the said engaging device either in a straight line or
over pulleys and in such manner that when the handle (and with it the spindle and
disc) is moved angularly, the said engaging device is withdrawn from the frame
rack. The action of this type of my invention is easily understood. The short
rack of the engaging device being in engagement with the frame rack the sash is
retained in a fixed position. When, however, the handle is moved angularly, the
engaging device is pulled, by means of the chain link or equivalent thereof, and
against the action of the spring, out of engagement with the frame rack; so
that the sash can now be easily raised or lowered whilst the hand is still
upon the handle. When, however, the handle is let go, the spring asserts
itself, the handle moves angularly back to its normal position, and the spring
forces the short rack into engagement with the frame rack so as to retain the sash
in position.
sometimes find it convenient to make the frame rack of indiarubber so as to
obtain a more silent working and the short rack of the engaging device may also if
desired be made of indiarubber. In other cases the frame rack may be replaced by
a simple strip of india rubber, in which case, and owing to its yielding properties,
the pressure of the engaging device upon it would make it a rack at the part pressed
upon for the time being.
In another contemplated type of my invention I employ a frame rack as
hereinbefore mentioned, but, instead of causing the engaging device to engage
directly with the rack, 1 cause the engaging device to engage a toothed roller
whose teeth engage with the teeth of the rack and which toothed roller serves also
as a runner. So long as the engaging device does not engage the said toothed
roller the latter moves freely over the rack but as soon as the engaging device
engages the teeth of the said toothed roller (which it may do in the same way as it

page_text: engages the teeth of a frame rack) the parts are locked and the sash is maintained
in position.
In this type of any invention the engaging device and the withdrawing device
may be the same as in that type of my invention herein before mentioned. Another
form however of engaging device which I find useful with this type of my invention
consists of a rod with a wedge shaped point, the said point being designed to
pass between two of the teeth of the toothed roller, and being forced normally
into such engagement by means of a helical spring surrounding the said rod, one
end of which spring abuts against a fixed part of the sash, and the other
against a projecting part or collar of the said rod. In this case the withdrawing
device may be similar to that mentioned in the case of the first contemplated
type.
In a modified form of engaging device, specially applicable to the first
contemplated type of my invention herein referred to, instead of mounting the
short rack on a leaf spring I attach it to a block pressed outwards by a spring,
for example a coiled spring. In engagement with this block, or with an extension
thereof, is a cranked lever to one limb of which is attached the chain or its
equivalent passing to the withdrawing device, in such manner that when the said
chain is pulled the short rack is pulled inwards and released from the fixel rack
in the frame.
Improvements in or connected with Carriage Windows.
1, CHRISTIAN THORVALD SÖRENSEN, of 24 Clifton Road, Maida Vale,
London, W. in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with carriage windows by
means of which certain advantages are obtained.
In my invention I provide the frame within which the sash works with a vertical
rack or its equivalent. Upon the side of the sash I mount a spring engaging
device whose function is to engage the teeth of the said rack for the purpose of
maintaining the sash in a fixed position, the spring tending normally to keep the
said parts in engagement. In conjunction with the said engaging device I employ
a withdrawing device whose function is to withdraw the engaging device from
engagement with the rack when desired.
In the accompanying drawings illustrative of my invention similar letters of
reference indicate similar or equivalent parts.
In Figure I. I illustrate one type of my invention. In this form the spring
engaging device consists of an ordinary leaf spring 1 upon which is rivetted a short
rack 2 whose teeth correspond with those of the fixed rack 3 in the frame 4,
the said spring normally pressing the short rack into engagement with the frame
rack. The withdrawing device consists of a pivotted spindle 5 located at any
convenient part of the sash and provided with a handle 6 for purposes of
manipulation. Mounted upon the spindle is a disc 7 or its equivalent from the
periphery or other part of which a chain 8, link or the equivalent thereof passes to

page_text: the said engaging device either in a straight line or (as in the case illustrated) over
pulleys 9, and in such manner that when the handle (and with it the spindle and
dise) is moved angularly (in the direction of the arrows) the said engaging device
is withdrawn from the frame rack. The action of this type of my invention is easily
understood. The short rack 2 of the engaging device being in engagement with the
frame rack 3 the sash is retained in a fixed position. When, however, the handle
is moved angularly, the engaging device is pulled, by means of the chain 8, and
against the action of the spring 1, out of engagement of the frame rack, so that the
sash can now be easily raised or lowered while the hand is still upon the handle 6.
When, however, the handle is let go, the spring asserts itself, the handle noves
angularly back to its normal position, as shown in the figure, and the spring forces
the short rack into engagement with the frame rack so as to retain the sash in
position.
I sometimes find it convenient to make the frame rack of indiarubber, so as to
obtain a more silent working: and the short rack of the engaging device may also,
if desired, he made of indiarubber. In other cases, the frame rack may be replace.1
by a simple strip of indiarubber, in which case, and owing to its yielding
properties, the pressure of the engaging device upon it would make it a rack at
the part pressed upon for the time being. Thus if the short rack 2 were of metal
and the strip 3 of soft rubber, it is obvious that the teeth of rack 2 would impress
themselves in the rubber strip and for n depressions and teeth therein for the
titne being.
In another type of my invention, I employ a frame rack as hereinbefore
mentioned, but, instead of causing the engaging device to engage directly
with the rack, I cause the engaging device to engage a toothed roller whose
teeth engage with the teeth of the rack, and which toothed roller serves also as a
runner.
One form of this type of my invention is illustrated in Figure II in which the
parts which correspond with those in Figure I are similarly lettered. It will
be seen that the only difference between the cases illustrated in the two figures
is that whereas in the first case rack 2 engages directly with the frame rack 3, in
the second case the toothed roller 10 intervenes. This toothed roller rotates
freely on its arbor which is attached in the frame of the sash. So long as the
teeth of the short rack 2 of the engaging device do not engage with the teeth of
the said toothed roller the latter moves freely over the rack 3 as a runner,
and the sash ean he raised or lowered, but as soon as the engaging device engages
the teeth of the said toothed roller (which it may do in the same way as it engages
the teeth of a frame rack) the parts are locked and the sash is maintained in
position.
In the form of my invention shown in Figure II the engaging device and the
withdrawing device are the same as in that type of my invention first herein-
before mentioned. Another form, however, of engaging device which I find
useful with this type of my invention is illustrated in Figure III. It consists
of a rod 11 with a wedge shaped point 12, the said point being designed to
pass between two of the teeth of the toothed roller 10, and being forced
normally into such engagement by means of a helical spring 13 surrounding the
said rod, one end of which spring abuts against a fixed part 14 of the sash, and
the ether against a projecting part or collar 15 of the said rod. In this cas
the withdrawing device may be similar to that mentioned in the case of the
first type.
In practice I find it convenient to provide the sash with two or more runners,
one or more on each side. I gencrally employ toothed runners, in the case of
those which run upon a rack, ns shown at 16, 16, and plain or smooth rollers where
they run upon the smoth side of the frame as 17, 17.
In practice I may combine any of the devices shown so as to vary the
combinations to be employed. For example, for the wedge shaped point 12, in
Fig. I, I might substitute the short rack 2 of Figure 1; and for the short

page_text: rack 2 of Fig. I. I might substitute the wedge shaped point 12 shown in
Figure III.
I desire it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise details or
arrangements of parts set forth with reference to the drawings as these can
be modified to a considerable extent without departing from the spirit of my
.invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a window sash, the combination of an engaging device and a withdrawing
-device substantially as set forth.
2. The combination, with a window sash fitted with an engaging and a with-
drawing device as set forth, of a rack or its equivalent set in the window frame
, within which the sash slides or runs.
3. The combination of an engaging device and a toothed roller (as 10) and a rack
or its equivalent (as 3) substantially as set forth.
4. The employment of a withdrawing device substantially as set forth with
reference to Figures I and III.
5. The engaging device substantially as set forth with reference to Fig. I.
6. The engaging device substantially as set forth with reference to Fig. III.
ليوم
For the Applicant,
J. G. LORRAIN, M.I.E.E., M.1. Mech. E.,
Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, Strand, London, W.C.
Chartered Patent Agent.