IMPROVEMENTS IN STENCH-TRAPPED GULLIES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Clark, of the City of Carlisle, in the County
of Cumberland, Ironfounder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STENCH-TRAPPED GULLIES."
Sealed the 12th July 1864, and dated the 27th May 1864.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Daniel Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on
the 27th May 1864, pursuant to the 9th Section of the Patent Law
Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
CLARK, of the City of Carlisle, in the County of Cumberland, Ironfounder,-
send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STENCH-TRAPPED GULLIES," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the
same, and have made solemn declaration that I am the true and first Inventor
thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Clark, do hereby declare that
the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal," fully describes

page_text: and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, in and by the following statement:-
The object of this Invention is to construct a stench-trapped gully
with removable sludge box having slits, perforations, or a kind of vertical
grating cast on to the top thereof, so as to prevent anything but water passing
into the drain; and to construct a third stench trap for the more effectual
prevention of smells arising from the drain, such trap also acting as a pro-
tection and seal to the drain when the top grating and sludge box are removed.
I also claim to have further improved the sludge box by the introduction of a
moveable handle and casting of a bottom handle on to the box, and to have
effected an improvement in casting the hopper on to the top grate instead of
being cast separately, and secured thereto by screws or rivetts as heretofore in
other gullies. The improvements combined secure a gully affording the
most perfect security against sinells arising from the drains, the interception
of all sediment matter in a box easily removed and emptied by means of the
handles attached to it, and the trapping or sealing of the drain from all risk
of anything passing into it while the box is removed.
Several methods have been adopted in the construction of gullies for street
drainage, and for use in private drainage, for intercepting the sediment matter,
trapping the stench from the drains, and affording a means of cleansing the
cesspits or sludge boxes; but even in the best-constructed gully the con-
struction of the sludge box has not been sufficient to retain the sediment
matter, especially in heavy rainfalls, owing to the scouring power of the
hopper attached to the grate, nor is there in the best constructed gully-in
which a sludge box arrangement is introduced any provision for the trapping
and protection of the drain while the sludge box is removed, and the handles
attached to boxes for facility of removal have hitherto been of such a con-
struction as to be inefficient and require constant expense for repair.
In the improved gullies for which I now desire to obtain Letters Patent the
interception in the sludge box of all sediment matter, handle appliances for
removal of sludge box of a construction less liable to derangement, and perfect
trapping and protection of drain while box is renovéd, have all been fully
provided for. And as it is one of the most important and desirable features
in the construction of gullies in a sanitary point of view to provide for the
effectual trapping of all stench, I have in the arrangement introduced a third
trap so far removed from the sun's rays and influence of the atmosphere as to
insure at all times a perfect trap when once a sufficient quantity of water. has
passed into the gully to fill the traps.
.

page_text: In carrying out this Invention I proceed by the usual methods adopted by
the trade for the manufactory of articles in cast iron; these methods being
well understood need not here be further described; but in order that my
Invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, I, will now
proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed, observing that similar
letters refer to similar parts in the various views.
Fig. 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 3 is a plan through
a, a, Fig. 4 an elevation of a gully constructed according to my invented.
improvements.
A is the top grate; B, the hopper and inlet attached and cast on to grate;
C, the sludge box; D, the upper exterior case; E, the lower outer casing;
F, the lower hopper; G, the cup or seal; H, the outlet pipe.
The first improvement claimed consists of the casting of the hopper B on to
the top grate A in the place of casting it separately and securing it by screws
or rivetts.
Second, the introduction of a set of holes or slits cast on to the top of sludge
box, forming a kind of vertical grating, whereby the straw, grit, and debris of
the streets, courts, or yards are most effectually intercepted in the sludge
box.
.
sides of box,
less liable to
Third, the introduction of a moveable handle fixed to the
giving greater facility for the removal of the box when full, and
require repair than if fixed to the bottom, as in the old boxes. The handle
at bottom is cast with the box and protected from injury by the feet of box
being made long enough to allow it to clear the ground when lifted on to the
surface.
Fourthly, the casting of the second trap 1, 1, and hopper F on to the upper
exterior casing D and introduction of a cup G, G, secured to malleable iron
pins cast or rivetted into the bottom part of gully, by which arrangement a
third stench trap K, K, is secured, which also forms a perfect seal to drain.
The action of this gulley is as follows: On the water being admitted
through the top grate it falls into the hopper B and flows into the sludge
box C, and when the box is filled to the bottom of perforations at top of box
the flow is then through the slits or openings, passing down by side of box,
into the second trap 1, continuing on in the direction indicated by arrows into
the lower cup G, and so on, as indicated by arrows, into outlet pipe, any
sediment matter being lodged in the sludge box. The size and number of
slits or perforations at top of sludge box may be varied, and I may find it
convenient to alter the position of the outlet pipe so as to suit depth of drains,

page_text: as in some cases a drain may not be sufficiently deep enough to admit of the
vertical outlet pipe. I desire also to make the gullies of various sizes, and do
not confine myself to precise details of construction shewn on Drawings, as
they may be varied without departing from the principle of my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Clark, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
DANIEL CLARK. (L.S.)
Witness,
JNO. IRVING, J. P.