Improvements in or connected with Retorts for Distilling Shale or Oil-yielding Minerals.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 9th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 15th Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
F
Improvements in or connected with Retorts for Distilling Shale or
Oil-yielding Minerals.
I, JOHN GRAY, of Pentland Works, Loanhead, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Oil Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention relates to an existing arrangement of retorts for distilling
shale or other oil-yielding minerals in which the retorts are heated by means of
gases or vapors obtained from coal heated in separate retorts combined with the
other retorts in the same bench or building, there being usually one coal retort to
every four shale retorts. The objects of my invention are to overcome certain
defects of existing arrangements and to economise fuel.
In
In the coal retorts, as at present in USC, the gases and vapors evolved from the
coal pass off at the lower parts of the retorts through ports into the flues in which
they are ignited for heating the shale retorts and also the coal retorts.
consequence of the considerable height of the coal retorts, the vapors or gases
formed at the upper parts are obstructed in their descent to the outlet ports by the
mass of coal in the retorts, and, owing to their consequent pressure, tend to leak
wastefully and injuriously through the brickwork of which the retorts are
constructed.
By my invention I form one or more communications between the top of each
coal retort and the lower part, to give the vapors or gases formed at the top free
access to the lower outlet ports. The vapors and gases thus introduced into the
lower parts of the coal retorts are there subjected to great heat, and the improved
arrangement has the further advantage that the said vapors or gases prevent or very
much diminish the fluxing of the earthy matter of the coal and the formation of
clinker. Or the vapors or gases from the tops of the coal retorts may be led
directly into the general heating flues.
In the case of existing retorts, the communications between the upper and lower
parts of the retorts or the general heating flues may be formed by means of
external iron pipes; and in the case of new retorts, they may be formed by means
either of external iron pipes, or of flues or passages formed in the brickwork.
Dated this Tenth day of November 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Retorts for Distilling Shale or
Oil-yielding Minerals.
I, JOHN GRAY, of Pentland Works, Loanhead, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Oil Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say: -
My said invention relates to an existing arrangement of retorts for distilling
shale or other oil-yielding minerals in which the retorts are heated by means of
gases or vapors obtained from coal heated in separate retorts combined with the
other retorts in the same bench or building, there being usually one coal retort to
Pain 871

page_text: every four shale retorts. The objects of my invention are to overcome certain
defects of existing arrangements and to economise fuel.
In the coal retorts as at present in use, the gases and vapors evolved from the coal
pass off at the lower parts of the retorts through ports into the flues in which they
are ignited for heating the shale retorts and also the coal retorts. In consequence
of the considerable height of the coal retorts the vapors or gases formed at the
upper parts are obstructed in their descent to the outlet ports by the mass of coal
in the retorts, and owing to their consequent pressure tend to leak wastefully and
injuriously through the brickwork of which the retorts are constructed.
By my invention I form one or more communications between the top of each
coal retort and the lower part to give the vapors or gases formed at the top free
access to the lower outlet ports, or directly into the general heating flues. The
communications may be formed by means either of external iron pipes, or of flues
or passages formed in the brickwork.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to be
hereinafter referred to and showing, by way of example two modifications of coal
retorts as provided with my improvements.
Figure, 1, is a vertical section showing my improvements as applied to existing
coal retorts; and
Figure, 2, is a similar view showing a second modification of my improvements
which may be used in the case of new coal retorts.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
As shown at the left-hand side of Figure, 1, an iron pipe, A, projects through
the brickwork of the retort, B, at the top, its outer end being connected with the
top end of a pipe, C, which extends down the outside of the retort, the lower end
of this pipe, C, being bent and passed through the brickwork at the lower part of
the retort near the lower outlet ports, D. At the right-hand side of Figure, 1, the
pipe, A, is shown as projecting through the brickwork of the retort, B, a little
further down than the pipe shown on the left-hand side. These pipes. A, and, C,
are fitted with regulating valves, E, and cleaning doors, F. A communication is
thus formed between the top of each coal retort, B, and the lower part to give the
vapors or gases formed at the top free access to the lower outlet ports, D. The
vapors and gases thus introduced into the lower parts of the coal retorts are there
subjected to great heat, and the improved arrangement has the further advantage
that the said vapors or gases prevent or very much diminish the fluxing of the
earthy matter of the coal and the formation of clinker.
As shown in Figure, 2, the communications between the upper and lower parts
of the retorts, B, consist of flues or passages, A, and C, formed in the outer walls
of the retort bench or building these passages having in connection with them iron
cleaning pipes, G, and doors, F.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is :-
:-
In connection with retorts for distilling shale or oil-yielding minerals, forming
one or more communications between the top and the lower part of each coal
retort, or between the top of each coal retort and the general heating flues
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this Eighth day of August 1894
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.