IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR " AMPED MINE POWED THAINDg
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Newzam Nicholson and Edward
Lawrence, both of Newark, in the County of Nottingham,
Engineers, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR
"
AMPED MINE POWED THAINDg "
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Newzam
Nicholson and Edward Lawrence at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd November
1870.
We, WILLIAM NEWZAM NICHOLSON and EDWARD LAWRENCE, both of
Newark, in the County of Nottingham, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR
STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES," to be as follows:-
In constructing a governor according to our Invention we use a
vertical revolving spindle having the top end square with a slot cut
through the squared part. This spindle we pass through a heavy ball
or weight which has a groove at the bottom for connecting it with the
regulating valve. On opposite sides of this ball or weight are mortices

page_text: communicating with the central hole in which the spindle works. In
these mortices we suspend by pins weighted arms or pendulums, on the
top end of which are formed fingers or levers, which pass into the slot of
the central spindle and rest upon the bottom of the said slot. When the
spindle is made to revolve the squared part puts in motion the heavy
central ball and its suspended arms, which arms or pendulums fly out
by the centrifugal force, and as the fingers rest upon a fixed fulcrum in
the slot of the spindle the rising of the pendulums lifts the ball or
weight in which they are fixed, and thus motion is given to any lever or
other connection from the groove in the central ball of the governor to
the regulating valve. The reverse or downward movement is due to the
central ball descending by its own gravity as the velocity decreases.
This arrangement of a central weight acting upon the pendulums enables
us to dispense with springs or similar appliances & to construct a
governor with fewer parts and at less cost than usual.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Newzam Nicholson and Edward Lawrence
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th May 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
NEWZAM NICHOLSON and EDWARD LAWRENCE, both of Newark-upon-
Trent, in the County of Nottingham, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third. year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Newzam Nicholson and Edward
Lawrence, Her special licence that we, the said William Newzam
Nicholson and Edward Lawrence, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said William Newzam Nicholson
and Edward Lawrence, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE-

page_text: POWER ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Newzam Nicholson & Edw. Lawrence, our exccutors, or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Newzam Nicholson &
Edward Lawrence, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say: -
Our Invention consists in arranging the parts of governors for steam
and other motive-power engines in the following manner :—
In constructing a governor according to our Invention we use a
vertical revolving spindle having the top end square. This spindle is
passed through a heavy bulb or weight, which has a groove in its lower
part from which motion is transmitted to the regulating valve. On
opposite sides of this bulb are weighted arms or pendulums suspended
in mortices communicating with the central pole in which the spindle
works. The top of each of these pendulums is extended to form a finger
or short lever and rests upon or within a mortice in the central spindle.
When the spindle is made to revolve the square part puts in motion the
bulb and its pendulums. The centrifugal force causes the pendulums to
fly out and to rise as the velocity increases, and as the ends of the fingers
or levers rest upon the spindle as a fulcrum the rising of the pendulums
lifts the bulb in which they are suspended. With a decrease of velocity
the pendulums fall and with them the bulb, and the rising and falling
motion is transmitted accordingly by a lever working in the groove
described above to the regulating valve.
Having explained the nature of our Invention, we proceed to describe
in the accompanying Drawings the method in which the same is carried
out.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a plan or cross section of our
improved governor. The letters of reference apply to the same parts in
each Ficure

page_text: 66
"A" is the central spindle, with the top part"a" made square; "B,"
the bulb or weight, made in two parts, the upper part forming a cap
over the lever ends of the pendulums and suspending pins, and acting
as a lubricator; "C, C," the weighted arms or pendulums, suspended in
the mortices "b, b," of the bulb by pins "D, D;" "E" is a groove
surrounding the central spindle, the bottom edge of which groove acts as
a stop to prevent the bulb rising too high, and so fixes the amount of
lift or traverse of the governor; "F" is the groove from which motion is
transmitted to the regulating valve. We sometimes make the bulb in
one piece and allow the spindle to go through the top, the spindle
having a mortice in the square part in which the fingers of the pen-
dulums work, the pins that support the pendulums passing entirely
through the bulb.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which it is to be carried out according to the accompanying Drawings
and references, we wish it to be understood that we do not limit
ourselves to the precise details herein described, as they may be varied
without departing from the principle of our Invention; but we claim,
the combination of the central spindle "A" with the bulb "B, B," and its
suspended pendulums or arms "C, C," in the mortices of the bulb, which
arrangement of a heavy central bulb acting with and upon the pen-
dulums in the manner described enables us to dispense with springs or
similar appliances, and to construct an effective governor with fewer
parts and at a less cost than usual.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Newzam Nicholson aud
Edward Lawrence, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Eighteenth day of May One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.
WILLIAM NEWZAM NICHOLSON.
(L.S.)
EDWARD LAWRENCE,
(L.S.)
Witness,
JAMES MORRISON MCLEOD.