Improvements in the Manufacture of Plain and Ornamental Cased Tubes and in Tools or Appliances to be used in the said Manu- facture.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 20th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 1st Jan., 1898
Improvements in the Manufacture of Plain and Ornamental Cased
Tubes and in Tools or Appliances to be used in the said Manu-
facture.
I, HENRY SEPTIMUS WHITEHOUSE of Green Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the manu-
facture of plain and ornamental cased tubes and in the tools or appliances to be
used in the said manufacture.
I will describe my invention in connection with the manufacture of an orna-
mental cased tube consisting of a strong plain or cylindrical iron tube and an outer
thin ornamental brass tube or casing.
In carrying my invention into effect I make the outer tube or casing, of the
ornamental cased tube to be made from a thin strip of brass the said strip having a
width somewhat greater than the circumference of the tube to be made. I produce
the desired pattern or ornament on the said strip either by the process of rolling
or stamping. Or I may cut the metallic strip from an ornamented sheet of brass
produced by rolling.
In order to lock or joint together, without soldering the two longitudinal edges
of the strip when the strip is bent to form the tube I make in one of the said longi-
tudinal edges a series of preferably equi-distant notches and produce thereby a
series of equi-distant tongues of about a half of an inch in length. I make in and
near the other edge of the strip a series of narrow slots of a size and shape and
having a position suitable to permit the tongues of the other edge of the strip to
be passed through them when the strip is bent into a tubular form, the tongued
edge of the strip when so bent slightly overlapping the other or slotted edge.
When the series of tongues have been passed through the slots they are bent back
on the inner side of the tube and preferably extend to or slightly beyond the slotted
edge of the strip forming the tube. A close firm and practically concealed over-
lapping joint is thus made without soldering.
The said strip is preferably bent into a tubular form on and the tongues bent
back to form the joint by the use of the tools or appliances hereinafter described.
I make the ornamented strip into a trough shape and place it upon a rod or
mandril having an elliptical or nearly elliptical figure in cross section the said
mandril having in its upper side a groove of such a depth that when the slotted
edge of the ornamental strip is introduced into it and the said strip bent upon the
mandril into a nearly tubular form the slots of the said edge åre brought into the
same or nearly the same plane as the tongues on the other edge of the strip.
The said strip is then removed from the elliptical rod or mandril and is passed on
to a second compound tool or appliance consisting essentially of a mandril having
at its front end an elliptical figure and at its rear or finishing end. a cylindrical
figure. In the upper side of the elliptical part of the mandril are two parallel

page_text: grooves the sides of which are inclined to one another at about a right angle and
have a common opening on the upper side of the elliptical part of the mandrel.
The said two grooves terminate, where the elliptical or front end part of the
mandril commences to pass into the cylindrical or rear part, in a single groove of
a helical figure the front end of which single groove is provided with a shoulder
or projection for effecting the bending back of the tongues as hereinafter described.
The said helical groove terminates at or about the part where the cylindrical or
finishing part of the mandril sets in.
One end of the bent strip from the first described tool is placed on the elliptical
or front part of the compound tool or mandril last described, the bent and slotted
edge of the said strip being introduced into one of the said grooves so that the
slots in the said edge are presented to and open into the other groove of the man-
drel. The tongued edge of the strip is then brought over the slotted edge and the
said tongues are passed through the slots into the groove of the mandrel presented
to them. When this is done the bent strip is forced along the mandrel the passing
of the tongues of the one edge of the strip into the slots of the other edge being
effected as the strip is passed along. When the tube thus formed is so far
advanced along the mandril that the tongues projecting through the slots reach that
part of the mandril passing from the elliptical or front part into the finishing part,
the said tongues and slotted edge pass into the single helical groove of the mandril
the said tongues coming in contact with and being bent back by the shoulder
at the front of the said helical groove. By the further motion of the tube the two
edges are brought into close contact and the tongues and slotted edge are pressed
together against the inside of the finished tube.
Instead of bending the tongued and slotted strip around the mandril so that
its edges are parallel to the axis of the mandril the said strip may be coiled helically
on the said mandril, the grooves for the slotted and tongued edges of the said
strip being in this case helical and the groove for bending back the tongues and
pressing them and the slotted edge together passing from a helical groove into a
straight or approximately straight groove.
The outer ornamental tube or casing made in either of the ways described is
drawn by hand on to the strong iron tube or foundation to complete the cased
tube.
The application of my invention to the manufacture of plain cased tubes differs
in no essential respect from its application to the manufacture of an ornamental
cased tube excepting that a plain strip of sheet brass is employed instead of an
ornamented strip.
Although I have only described my invention as applied to the manufacture of
a cylindrical tube, I wish it to be understood that it is applicable to the manufac-
ture of tubes having an elliptical or polygonal figure in cross section and also to
tubes having a fluted or other ornamental figure in cross section.
Dated this twenty-ninth day of January 1897.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Plain and Ornamental Cased
Tubes and in Tools or Appliances to be used in the said Manu-
facture.
I, HENRY SEPTIMUS WHITEHOUSE, of Green Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Plain and Ornamental Cased
Tubes and in Tools or Appliances to be used in the said Manu-
facture.
I, HENRY SEPTIMUS WHITEHOUSE, of Green Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the manu-
facture of plain and ornamental cased tubes and in the tools or appliances to be
used in the said manufacture.
I will describe my invention in connection with the manufacture of an orna-
mental cased tube consisting of a strong plain or cylindrical iron tube and an
outer thin ornamental brass tube or casing.
In carrying my invention into effect I make the outer tube or casing of the
ornamental cased tube to be made, from a thin strip of brass the said strip having
a width somewhat greater than the circumference of the tube to be made. I
produce the desired pattern or ornament on the said strip either by the process of
rolling or stamping. Or I may cut the metallic strip from an ornamented sheet
of brass produced by rolling.
In order to lock or joint together, without soldering, the two longitudinal edges
of the strip when the strip is bent to form the tube, I make in one of the said
longitudinal edges a series of preferably equi-distant notches and produce thereby
a series of equi-distant tongues of about half of an inch in length. I make in and
near the other edge of the strip a series of narrow slots of a size and shape and
having a position suitable to permit the tongues of the other edge of the strip to
be passed through them when the strip is bent into a tubular form, the tongued
edge of the strip when so bent slightly overlapping the other or slotted edge.
When the series of tongues have been passed through the slots they are bent
back on the inner side of the tube and preferably extend to or slightly beyond the
slotted edge of the strip forming the tube. A close firm and practically concealed
overlapping joint is thus made without soldering.
The said strip is preferably bent into a tubular form on and the tongues bent
back to form the joint by the use of the tools or appliances hereinafter described
and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
I will proceed to further describe the said manufacture of cased tubes by refer-
ence to the accompanying Drawings.
I give to the plain or ornamented and tongued and slotted strip marked a in
Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings the trough shaped figure represented in Figures 4
and 5 by placing the said strip a upon a die b, as is represented in the plan
Figure 1 and cross section Figure 2, and pressing on the said strip a rod or
mandrilc (shown separately in plan and end elevation in Figure 3). The
troughed strip a (represented in the plan Figure 4 and cross section Figure 5)
is bent around the mandril c the tongued and slotted edges of the said strip taking
into the grooved or sunken upper face of the mandril e as is represented in the
plan Figure 6 and cross section Figure 7. The said strip a is then removed from
the elliptical rod or mandril c and is passed onto a second and compound tool or
appliance shown separately in plan in Figure 10 and in cross section in Figures 11
and 12, the said sections Figures 11 and 12 being taken on the dotted lines x, x
and y, y Figure 10 respectively. The said compound tool or appliance consists
essentially of a mandril having at its front end or part d a nearly elliptical figure
and at its rear or finishing end or part e a cylindrical figure.
In the upper side of the elliptical part d of the mandril are two
parallel grooves f, 9 the sides of which are inclined to one another
at about a right angle and have a common opening on the upper side of
the elliptical part d of the mandril. The said two grooves f, g terminate, where
the elliptical or front end part d of the mandril commences to pass into the
cylindrical or rear part e, in a single groove g³ of a helical figure the front end of
which single groove 92 is provided with a curved shoulder or projection h for
effecting the bending back and clinching of the tongues as hereinafter described.
The said helical groove g³ terminates at or about the part where the cylindrical
or finishing part e of the mandril sets in.

page_text: One end of the bent strip from the first described tools Figure 1 to 7, both
inclusive is placed on the elliptical or front part d of the compound tool or mandril
as is represented in Figure 13, the bent and slotted edge of the said strip being
introduced into the groove f so that the slots in the said edge are presented to the
other groove g of the mandril. The tongued edge of the strip is then brought
over the slotted edge and the said tongues are passed through the slots into the
groove g of the mandril as is best seen in the cross section Figure 14, which is
taken on the dotted line z, z Figure 13. The engagement of the edges of the
tube at this stage of its manufacture will be best understood by reference to
Figures 8 and 9 which
represent in elevation and cross section re-
spectively a portion of the partially made tubing detached from the
front part d of the mandril. The tube thus partially made is forced
along the part d of the mandril the passing of the tongues of the one edge of the
strip into the slots of the other edge being effected as the strip is passed along.
When the said partially formed tube is so far advanced along the mandril that
the tongues projecting through the slots g reach that part of the mandril passing
from the elliptical or front part d into the finishing part e the said tongues and
slotted edge pass into the single helical groove 92 of the mandril the said tongues
coming in contact with and being bent back by the shoulder h at the front of the
said helical groove 92. By the further motion of the tube the two edges are
brought into close contact and thereby clinched the tongues and slotted edge being
pressed together against the inside of the finished tube as will be understood by
reference to the tube on the finishing part e of the mandril represented in Figure 15
and the cross section of the same represented in Figure 16. It will thus be seen
that the edges of the finished tube are securely joined or locked together without
soldering or brazing.
Instead of bending the tongued and slotted strip around the mandril so that its
edges are parallel to the axis of the mandril the said strip may be coiled helically
on the said mandril, the grooves for the slotted and tongued edges of the said
strip being in this case helical and the groove for bending back the tongues and
pressing them and the slotted edge together passing from a helical groove into a
straight or approximately straight groove.
The outer plain or ornamental tube or casing made in either of the ways
described is drawn by hand on to the strong iron tube or foundation to complete
the cased tube.
The application of my invention to the manufacture of plain cased tubes differs
in no essential respect from its application to the manufacture of an ornamental
cased tube excepting that a plain strip of sheet brass is employed instead of an
ornamented strip.
Although I have only described my invention as applied to the manufacture of
a cylindrical tube I wish it to be understood that it is applicable to the manufac-
ture of tubes having an elliptical or polygonal figure in cross section and also to
tubes having a fluted or other ornamental figure in cross section.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention:
-
First; The improvements in the manufacture of plain and ornamental cased
tubes herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings the
said improvements consisting in taking a strip of plain or ornamented sheet metal
and forming on the one edge a series of tongues or projections and at opposite
points near the other edge a series of slots, bending the said tongued and slotted
strip into a tubular figure and passing the tongues on the one edge through the
slots in the other edge and bending back the said tongues on the inner side of the
tube so as thereby to lock the two edges together and thereby form the finished
casing tube substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly; The tools or appliances hereinbefore described and illustrated in the

page_text: accompanying Drawings for use in the manufacture of plain and ornamental cased
tubes according to the method claimed in the prior claim the said tools consisting
of a troughing die and rod or mandril to be used therewith represented in Figures 1
to 7. both inclusive and also of a compound grooved mandril represented in
Figures 10 to 16 both inclusive the said tools being used and acting substantially
as described and illustrated.
Dated the 15th day of October 1897.