IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MIXING MATERIALS INTO DOUGH, AND FOR ROLLING, PRESSING, AND SHAPING THE SAME
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Wylam, of Drayton Green, Ealing, in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MIXING MATERIALS INTO
DOUGH, AND FOR ROLLING, PRESSING, AND SHAPING THE SAME."
"
Sealed the 14th May 1872, and dated the 16th November 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Wylam at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th November 1871.
I, EDWARD WYLAM, of Drayton Green, Ealing, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MIXING MATERIALS
INTO DOUGH, AND FOR ROLLING, PRESSING, AND SHAPING. THE SAME," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to machinam on annamtra fox mixing materiala

page_text: operations are conducted consecutively and continuously in or on one
machine frame, so that the materials to be mixed are introduced at one
end of the machine and delivered in the proper form or shape ready for
the oven at the other end. The number of separate machines used, as
also the number of the attendants employed, is thereby reduced.
The machinery consists of a horizontal cylindrical tube or chamber, in
connection wherewith there is superimposed at one end a hopper with or
without arms or agitators, into which hopper the material to be mixed is
put. This cylindrical tube or chamber has also placed centrically within
it a horizontal revolving shaft; this central shaft carries a number of
mixing blades of such a form or placed at such an angle that at the
same time they mix the material they urge it or propel it towards the
delivery end of the cylindrical tube or chamber. This cylindrical tube
or chamber has also within it a number of fixed blades or projections,
which together with the revolving blades ensure the thorough mixing of
the materials. The number of the blades both on the revolving shaft
and in the cylindrical tube may be increased or diminished according to
the particular application, and their angle or form may also be varied.
In some cases instead of the central shaft a spiral screw is employed
for the same purpose. In some cases also it may be preferred to rotate
the cylindrical tube or chamber and for the internal shaft to be fixed.
The delivery end of the cylindrical tube or chamber is provided with a
peculiarly formed delivery nozzle or mouth, which in its side elevation
resembles a hollow tapered cone, the base of such cone having a flange
through which it is bolted on to another flange on delivery end of cylin-
drical tube or chamber. In a plan view of the machine this nozzle
spreads out and is so shaped or formed as. to have a rectangular mouth
or opening, so that the mixed material or dough is delivered in a flat
continuous stream or riband.
The material thus delivered is received between two horizontal pressing
rollers carried on the same frame and rotated by the same power as the
shaft in cylindrical tube or the cylindrical tube as the case may be.
These rollers flatten and widen the riband of dough. The rollers are
provided with means of adjustment both as to the speed at which they
are driven and as to their distance apart. One, two, or more pairs of
rollers are afterwards used to extend the sheet of dough to the desired
width and at the same time to regulate its thickness or density. The

page_text: pairs of rollers are connected by endless bands of webbing, by means of
which the material is passed along from pair to pair of rollers and lastly
to the cutting arrangement, which may stand upon the same frame; by
which cutting arrangement it is ultimately shaped ready for the oven.
Arrangements are provided by means of which the speed of each of
the pairs of rollers and their relative distance from each other may be
regulated, as is done with the pair first mentioned.
Instead of the endless webbing travelling beds may be employed for
the purpose of carrying forward the material.
For the purpose of rendering unnecessary the dusting of the riband or
stream of dough with dry meal to prevent its adhering to the rollers I
employ a centrifugal or blowing fan either with hot or cold air, which
by having its current of air directed upon the material slightly dries the
surface and thus completely prevents its adhesion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Wylam in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th May 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
WYLAM, of Drayton Green, Ealing, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Wylam, Her special license
that I, the said Edward Wylam, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Wylam, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for ** IMPROVEMENTS

page_text: IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MIXING MATERIALS INTO DOUGH, AND FOR
ROLLING, PRESSING, AND SHAPING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Wylam, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.

page_text: In some cases instead of the central shaft a spiral or screw is employed
for the same purpose. In some cases also it may be preferred to rotate
the cylindrical tube or chamber or mixing cylinder and for the internal
shaft to be fixed.
The delivery end of the cylindrical tube or chamber or mixing cylinder
is provided with a peculiarly formed delivery nozzle or mouth, which in
its side elevation resembles a hollow tapered cone, the base of such cone
having a flange through which it is bolted on to another flange on
delivery end of cylindrical tube or chamber or mixing cylinder. In a plan
view of the machine this nozzle spreads out and is so shaped or formed
as to have a rectangular or nearly rectangular mouth or opening, so that
the mixed material or dough is delivered in a flat continued stream or
riband.
The material thus delivered is received between two horizontal pressing
rollers carried on the same frame and rotated by the same power as the
shaft in cylindrical tube or as the cylindrical tube as the case may be.
These rollers flatten and widen the riband of dough. The rollers are
provided with means of adjustment both as to the speed at which they
are driven and as to their distance apart. One, two, or more pairs of
rollers are afterwards used to extend the sheet of dough to the desired
width and at the same time to regulate its thickness or density. The
pairs of rollers are connected by endless bands of webbing, by means of
which the material is passed along from pair to pair of rollers and lastly
to the cutting arrangement, which may stand upon the same frame; by
this cutting arrangement the dough is ultimately shaped ready for the
oven.
Arrangements are provided by means of which the speed of each of
the pairs of rollers and their rotative distance from each other may be
regulated, as is done with the pair first mentioned.
Instead of the endless webbing travelling beds may be employed for
the purpose of carrying forward the material.
For the purpose of rendering unnecessary the dusting of the riband or
stream of dough with dry meal to prevent its adhering to the rollers, I
employ a centrifugal or blowing fan either with hot or cold air, which
by having its current of air directed upon the materials slightly dries the
surface and thus completely prevents adhesion.

page_text: In order that the nature of this Invention and the manner in which
the same is to be performed may be particularly described and ascer-
tained, I append to this Specification a Sheet of Drawings having figures
and letters of reference marked thereupon, the like letter being used to
denote a similar or corresponding part in each Figure.
In these Drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation, and Figure 2
a plan of a machine constructed according to my Invention.
Figure 3 is a section at A, B, of Figures 1 and 2, and Figure 4 a
section at C, D, shewing the meal and water feeders.
Figure 5 is an end view of nozzle i.
The flour or meal enters the hopper a, and its supply to the cylindrical
tube or chamber or mixing cylinder c is regulated by the revolving
feeder b. The water is supplied from the cistern d by means of the
revolving feeder e, and enters by cylinder c through pipe f. The
quantities of water and flour or meal supplied to the cylinder care
regulated by means of the cones 9, 9, 9, 9. The flour or meal and the
water having been admitted to the cylinder c are mixed and kneaded by
means of fixed and revolving blades, the fixed blades being marked h
and the revolving blades '. The materials, having been thoroughly
intermixed or kneaded, are carried onwards by the propelling action of s
the blades to the delivery mouth or nozzle ; thence they pass
between the rollers j, j, and j, j, which are connected by means of
endless bands k, and lastly to the cutting arrangements, which, although
not shown in the Drawing, stand upon the same frame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my a
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I
wish it to be particularly understood that what I claim is,-
Firstly. That by the means or apparatus within this Specification
described or in the accompanying Drawings illustrated, and by their
mechanical arrangement or combination within or upon one frame, the
materials are mixed, rolled, formed, shaped, and ultimately delivered
ready for the oven.

page_text: bination with the mixing cylinder and with the pressing rollers, all
as described in this Specification or in the accompanying Drawings
illustrated.
Thirdly. I claim also the use of the cold or hot blast for drying the
surface of the mixed materials and preventing its adhesion to the rollers,
as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Wylam, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
EDWARD WYLAM. (L.S.)