Improvements in the Production of Alloys or Bronzes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 17th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 18th Nov., 1887
Improvements in the Production of Alloys or Bronzes.
I PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature
of this invention (a communication to me from abroad by Colonel William Vincent
Shelton, Superintendent of the Imperial Ottoman Gun Factories Constantinople
Turkey) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the production of a Homogeneous Bronze or alloy of great
hardness and strength, the quality and color of the Bronze or alloy being varied by
modifying the proportions of the different metals used in its production. To enable
persons skilled in the art to practice the invention 1 state the proportions of the
metals and materials which I have found by experiment best suited to produce the
bronze or alloy but the proportions may be varied somewhat according to the purpose
for which the alloy or Bronze is to be employed.
To make a Bronze suitable for Ordnance or similar work I prefer a mixture made
by taking of pure copper 100 Kilogrammes (about 220 English pounds); of Ferro
Manganese of 84% to 85% 16 Kilogrammes (about 35 English pounds); of yellow
Prussiate of Potash 2 Kilogrammes (about 4 English pounds); and of Nickel 0.70
Grammes (about 2 English ounces). To this may he added for the purpose of
securing a reduction of the metals at a comparatively low heat about 1 pounds of
what is known in the trade as Otto's Phosphor Copper, although this may be omitted
when not to be conveniently obtained. The Copper is placed in suitable crucibles and
melted and to the molten bath is added preferably in a molten state the Ferro Man-
ganese, Nickel, Prussiate of Potash, and the Phosphor Copper, if the latter be used
and when these are thoroughly combined the metal inay be cast into suitable sized ingots

page_text: in iron or chill moulds with or without pressure or run into sand inoulds as may be
desired. The Bronze or alloy so formed may be rolled into plates or otherwise treated
for use in the manufactures or arts. The Prussiate of Potash has the effect of purify-
ing the Ferro Manganese while the Nickel causes a good amalgamation of the metals
in forming the alloy but a very small proportion of Ferro Aluminium or Silicon
Copper will produce a similar result. Whilst by experiment I have obtained the best
results from using the Ferro Manganese of a purity of 84% to 85% yet I have
obtained good results when using Ferro Manganese of 55 per cent to 60 per cent, but
The fine
Bronze made with such metal although tough is not quite so white in color.
texture as well as the toughness and hardness of the Bronze or alloy made in accord-
ance with this invention makes it a most desirable anti frictional metal and one well
adapted for ordnance and mountings requiring great strength.
Dated this 18th day of January 1887.

page_text: Improvements in the Production of Alloys or Bronzes.
A communication from abroad by Colonel WILLIAM VINOENT SHELTON, Super-
intendent of the Imperial Ottoman Gun Factories, Constantinople, Turkey.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statenient :-
This invention relates to the production of a homogeneous bronze or alloy of great
hardness and strength, the quality and color of the bronze or alloy being varied by
modifying the proportions of the different metals used in its production. To enable
persons skilled in the art to practise the invention I state the proportions of the metals
and materials which I have found by experiment best suited to produce the bronze or
alloy but the proportions may be varied somewhat according to the purpose for which
the alloy or bronze is to be employed.
To make a bronze suitable for orduance or similar work I prefer a mixture made by
taking of pure copper 100 Kilogrammes (about 220 English pounds), of Ferro
Manganese of 84% to 85%, 16 Kilogrammes (about 35 English pounds), of yellow
Prussiate of potash 2 Kilogrammes (about 44 English pounds) and of Nickel 0.70
Grammes (about 2 English ounces). To this may be added for the purpose of securing
a reduction of the metals at a comparatively low heat about 14 pounds of what is known
in the trade as Otto's Phosphor Copper, although this may be omitted when not to be
conveniently obtained. The copper is placed in suitable crucibles and melted and to
the molten bath is added preferably in a molten state the Ferro Manganese, Nickel,
Prussiate of Potash, and the Phosphor Copper, if the latter be used, and when these
are thoroughly combined the metal may be cast into suitable sized ingots in iron or
chill moulds with or without pressure or run into sand moulds as may be desired.
The Bronze or alloy so formed may be rolled into plates or otherwise treated for use
in the manufactures or arts. The Prussiate of Potash has the effect of purifying the
Ferro Manganese while the Nickel causes a good amalgamation of the metals in form-
ing the alloy but a very small proportion of Ferro Aluminium or Silicon Copper
will produce a similar result. Whilst by experiment I have obtained the best results
from using the Ferro Manganese of a purity of 84% to 85% yet I have obtained
good results when using Ferro Manganese of 55 per cent to 60 per cent, but Bronze
made with such metal although tough is not quite so white in color. The fine texture.
as well as the toughness and hardness of the bronze or alloy made in accordance with

page_text: this invention makes it a most desirable anti-frictional metal and one well adapted for
ordnance and mountings requiring great strength.
I am aware that it has before been proposed to use Ferro Manganese in the produc-
tion of certain alloys but this has nearly always been in conjunction with zinc in
addition to the copper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is.
1st. The production of Alloys or Bronzes from Copper, Ferro Manganese, Prussiate
of Potash and Nickel or equivalent material, substantially as set forth.
2nd. The improved Alloy made from Copper, Ferro Manganese, Prussiate of Potash,
Phosphor Bronze and Nickel or equivalent inaterial, substantially as set forth.
D
.
1008
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.