Improvements in Apparatus to be Used in Making Tobacco Pipes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left. 27th July, 1889-Accepted, 31st Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus to be Used in Making Tobacco Pipes.
We, PERCY DAVID HEDDERWICK, of 10 Heathfield Road, Acton, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, and THOMAS DAVIDSON, Junior, of 41 Garngad Hill, Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, and Tobacco Pipe Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows, that is to say :—
Our said Invention has for its object to expedite and cheapen the production of
tobacco pipes, and with that view to contrive improved semi-automatic apparatus,
for assisting workers in effecting the various operations ordinarily employed in
making pipes by hand.
In carrying out the Invention according to one modification a horizontal annular
continuously rotating table or carried is employed and carries round a number of
moulds to be manipulated in succession by workers stationed at different points and
each performing a different operation.
The clay for making the pipes is brought to the machine in the form of "rolls"
which may be made in the ordinary way. One worker wires the rolls in succession,
and the same worker or a second, places each wired roll in its mould and closes
the mould which lying on the annular table is carried round to the next worker who
causes the stapper action to be effected. On an inner stationary table there is fitted
a vice for holding each mould firmly closed whilst the stapper is forced down into
the mould part. The vico is like what is used with hand machines bnt is fitted with
an adjustable side piece and is made to grip the mould by means of a toggle lever
partly actuated by a cam on a continuously rotating power-driven shaft. The lever
which carries and works, the stapper is also partly actuated by means of a cam on
the same shaft. In the cases both of the vice and stapper actions, however, weights
or springs effect the gripping and stapping movements the cams merely lifting or
moving back the parts, so that in the case of any obstruction no greater pressure
can act on the parts than that of the weights or springs. Stops may be provided to
be moved by a treadle or lever by means of which the worker can prevent the action
of the weights or springs at any moment. As each mould comes round in front
of the vice and stapper stock the worker there places it in the vice, and then the cams
cause the gripping and stapping actions to be effected, immediately after which the
worker cutting off superfluous clay if necessary removes the mould and replaces it on
the rotating carrier. The next worker opens each mould in succession, removes the
moulded pipe and withdraws the wire, placing the pipe on a travelling apron or any
convenient receptacle and laying the wire upon the rotating carrier. The mould
then passes on and round again and receives a fresh roll to be moulded into a pipe.
Holders may be provided at convenient points for the use of the workers for oiling
the rolls or moulds. Such holders may be on the central fixed table or on the
annular carrier and may in the latter case assume the form of a channel extending
entirely or partly round it.
The carrier may be moved intermittently or may have a rectilinear movement
instead of rotating, and other parts also of the apparatus may be modified.
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of October 1888.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMEDETE SPECIFICATION:
Improvements in, 'Apparatus to be Used in Making Tobacco Pipes.
WC, PERCY DAVID HEDDERWICK, of 10 Heathfield Road, Acton, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, and THOMAS DAVIDSON, Junior, of 41 Garngad Hill, Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, and Tobacco Pipe Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to bo particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
-
Our said Invention has for its object to expedite and cheapen, the production of
tobacco pipes, and with that view to contrive improved semi-automatic apparatus for
assisting workers in effecting the various operations ordinarily employed in making
pipes by hand.
Apparatus of the kind used in carrying out our Invention is shown upon two
accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings which are hereinafter referred to,
figures, 1, and 2, on sheet, 1, being sectional front and side elevations and figures, 3,
and 4, on sheet, 2, sectional plans. In these drawings the same reference numerals
are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The apparatus is provided with a horizontal annular continuously rotating table
or carrier, 6, which carries round a number of pipe moulds, 7, to be manipulated in
succession by workers stationed at different points and each performing one or more
different operations. One of these moulds, 7, is shown open at the upper right-hand
part, S, of figure, 4, and another is shown closed at, 9, in the same figure, the closed
mould being also seen in figures, 1, and 2.
The clay for making the pipes is brought to the machine in the form of "rolis"
which may be made in the ordinary way. One worker, at the position, 8, figure, 4,
wires the rolls in succession, taking the rolls off a table or tray at one side, and the
same worker places each wired roll in its mould 7 (8) and may close the mould, or
this may be done by the next worker the mould lying on the annular table, 6, and
being carried round to the next worker who submits the mould to the stapper action.
On an inner stationary table, 10, there is fixed a vice, 11, for holding each mould, 7,
firmly closed whilst the stapper, 12. is forced down into the bowl part. The vice, 11,
is like what is used with hand machines, and is fitted with an adjustable side piece, 13,
and is made to grip the mould, 7, by means of a toggle lever, 14, partly actuated
by a cam, 15, on a continously rotating power-driven shaft, 16. The toggle lever, 14,
is jointed to a pair of bars, 17, which extend across under the vice, 11, and are
supported by rollers, 18, 19, running on guide plates fixed to the table, 10. At the
left-hand side of the vice, 11,-as seen in figure, 1, the bars, 17, unite in a boss, 20,
in which there is adjustably screwed a bolt, 21, projecting through an opening in the
side of the vice, 11, and bearing with its inner end against the movable piece, 13.
At, the right-hand side of the mould, 7, there is, as usual, placed in the vice, 11, a
piece, 22, of wood or other suitable material and made of a thickness to suit the
mould and such that the mould will be held centrally when gripped by the vice.
The gripping action is effected by the drawing down of the inner end of the toggle
lever, 14, which lever bears by rollers against the outer right-hand side of the
vice, 11, and which when so drawn down forces the bars, 17, to move towards the
right, the movable vice piece, 13, being thereby moved to the right by means of
the bolt, 21. The toggle lever, 14, is drawn down by a rod, 23, attached to a
weight, 24, and connected below the weight to a lever, 25, which is acted on by the
cam, 15, on the shaft, 16, already referred to.
The stapper, 12, is jointed in a slot in a wooden block, 26, which may be the
inner end of the lever of an ordinary stapper machine the ordinary lever arm being
cut away. This block, 26, is centered between a pair of ordinary stocks, 27, on a
spindle, 28, on the outer ends of which there are fixed levers, 29, having passed
through their outer ends a spindle, 30, which also passes through the stapper

page_text: block, 26, and stapper, 12. The spindle, 30, is fixed to a head frame, 31, and also
passes through an inner frame piece, 32, fixed to the outer one, 31, and which fitting
upon the sides of the stapper block, 26, serves to steady and guide it. The head
frame, 31, is formed with rods, 33, which extending down are at their lower ends
fixed to a crosshead, 34; and this crosshead is adjustably connected to a lever, 35,
centered on a bracket, 36, and connected by a link, 37, to one arm, 38, of a bellcrank
lever, centered on a bracket. The other arm, 39, of the bellcrank lever, is fitted with
a roller, which bears on a cam, 40, on the shaft, 16, and the arm, 38, is connected by
a rod, 41, to a weight (not shown) which supplies the force for pulling down the
stapper block, 26.
In the cases both of the vice and stapper actions, weights as hereinbefore explained,
or it might be springs, are employed to effect the gripping and stapping movements,
the cams merely lifting or moving back the parts, so that in the case of any obstruction
no greater pressure can act on the parts than that of the weights or springs. Stops
may be provided to be moved by a treadle or lever, by means of which the worker
can prevent the action of the weights or springs at any moment.
As each mould, 7, comes round to the position, 9, figure, 4, in front of the vice, 11,
and stapper apparatus the worker there places it in the vice, and then the cams, 15, 40,
cause the gripping and stapping actions to be effected; immediately after which the
worker, cutting off superfluous clay if necessary, removes the mould from the vice, 11,
and replaces it on the rotating carrier, 6. The next worker, at about the position, 42,
figure, 4, opens each mould in succession, removes the moulded pipe withdraws the
wiro, placing the pipe on a travelling apron or any convenient receptacle (not shown)
and laying the wire upon the rotating carrier, 6. The mould, 7, then passes on
again to the position, 8, figure, 4, and receives a fresh roll to be moulded into a pipe.
Holders may be provided at convenient points for the use of the workers for containing
oiling appliances for oiling the rolls or moulds. Such holders may be on the central
fixed table, 10, or on the annular carrier, 6, and may in the latter case assume the
form of a channel, 43, extending entirely or partly round it. In this channel, 43,
the oil may be held in cotton waste or other suitable absorbent material.
Any convenient arrangement of framing may be provided for carrying the various
parts of the apparatus, that shown in the drawings comprising three upright posts, 44,
connected at their upper parts by horizontal bars, 45, whilst to their lower parts there
is bolted a castiron frame, 46, carrying the driving shaft, 16, and other parts. The
annular carrier, 6, has an angle-iron ring, 47, fixed to its underside, by which ring
it rests on three rollers, 48, held by brackets fixed to the framing; whilst it is
guided concentrically by rollers, 49, held by brackets and bearing on the outside of
the ring, 47. An internally toothed ring, 50, is fixed to the inside of the ring, 47,
and has in gear with it a pinion indicated by a dotted circle, 51, figure, 4, which
pinion is on a vertical shaft, 52, driven by bevil wheels, 53, from the shaft, 16. The
inner fixed table, 10, is fixed on the horizontal frame bars, 45, and is made with
slots through which pass the rods, 33, and bolts, 54, 55, for securing the vice, 11, and
the stapper stocks, 27, the slots through which the bolts pass being elongated to
allow of adjustment.
The annular carrier, 6, may be moved continuously or intermittently; or instead
of being annular and rotating it may be rectilinear and have a reciprocating motion
imparted to it. Other parts also of the apparatus may be modified.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. Combining parts to form semi-automatic apparatus to be used in making tobacco.
pipes substantially in the improved manner herein before described.
2. In apparatus for moulding tobacco pipes, providing mechanism to effect the
gripping action of the mould-holding vice by means of a weight or spring, combined
with a power-driven cam to relieve the gripping action substantially as hereinbefore
described.

page_text: 3. In apparatus for moulding tobacco pipes, providing mechanism to effect the
stapper action by means of a weight or spring, combined with a power-driven cam
to effect the return movement substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of July 1889.
EDMUND HUNI,
Applicant's Agent.