_MENTS. IN THE MANUFACTURE OR SHAPING OF IRON INTENDED FOR THE SHOES OF HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, AND. IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1865

page_text: _MENTS. IN THE MANUFACTURE OR SHAPING OF IRON INTENDED FOR THE SHOES
OF HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, AND. IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN." -A
communication from abroad by Hector Edouard Bastien, of Paris,
. France...
Sealed the 12th December 1865, and dated the 16th June 1865.
Sealed the 12th December 1865, and dated the 16th June 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th June 1865.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent; do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR SHAPING OF IRON INTENDED FOR
THE SHOES OF HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
to be as follows:-
Iron intended for the manufacture of shoes of horses and other animals
presents irregularities in its. conformation varying according to the form and
size of the shoes to be made. The shaping or rolling of such iron has hitherto
been performed. at. two distinct and separate operations. Now the object of
this Invention is to shape iron intended for horse and other shoes at one and
the same operation.
The first arrangement I adopt consists of a pair of rolls to which rotary
motion is imparted. One of the rolls, say, the upper, has a periphery of
triangular section, with a portion cut away to correspond to the irregular
[Price 8d.]

page_text: form to be imparted to the iron and intended to produce the two irregular
faces. The periphery or rolling face of this roll may be made removable, so
that a rolling face or matrix of any other required shape may be substituted
according to the form of iron to be produced. The triangular periphery of
this roll fits into a counterpart of the reverse shape in the lower roll, which is
intended to roll the two regular faces of the iron. It will thus be understood
that the bar of iron is rolled in one passage through the rolls. The rolls are
driven as follows:-The driving shaft imparts motion by a pinion to a wheel
on the axis of the lower roll, which by means of two pinions imparts motion
in opposite directions to the two rolls. The iron on issuing from the heating
furnace, whether in bars of sufficient length to form several shoes or in pieces
previously cut to the length required for a single shoe, is introduced between
the rolls either by hand or by a movable table; it is rolled upon the two
regular faces of the lower roll, and driven into the irregular faces of the upper
roll, issuing in the form imparted to it by the two rolls. When it is required
to roll the iron with four irregular faces, the lower roll
similar manner to the upper.
is constructed in a
Instead of rolling by rotary motion, I sometimes adopt an alternate to-and-
fro rectilinear movement. This arrangement allows of rolling vertically two
bars of iron at a time by placing therein bars cut to the length required for a
single shoe. I substitute for the upper roll before described a matrix
capable of being removed and replaced by one of another form, according to
the shape to be imparted to the iron. This matrix is movable by cranks or
otherwise, and the lower roll, which is in the form of a sector, simply turns on
its axis. The heated bars are thrown into a hopper, and one end of the bar
becomes engaged partly in the matrix and partly in the sector. The matrix
in descending draws the bar with it, and when it reaches the end of its course
the bar falls in a finished state. The matrix again rises and takes another
bar from the hopper, the bars being delivered by a distributing tappet, which
allows them to become engaged at the desired moment. This arrangement,
instead of being vertical, may be inclined or horizontal, and be constructed to
roll four bars at a time instead of two, and to act upon them in the forward
movement only, or in both the forward and backward movements, as the
sector may be replaced by several rolls for rolling the two square faces or each
of them and acting upon them successively, so that on reaching the last roll
the rolling may be complete. These rolls may have a special form if four
irregular faces are to be produced. In some cases I make the matrix fixed
and the rolls moyable, rolling over its entire length.
Instead of the alternate rectilinear to-and-fro movement of the matrix. I

page_text: sometimes adopt a curvilinear movement, that is to say, the matrix' is fixed
and the rolls are movable and mounted on one or two lever arms, having
their centre of oscillation on the machine. In the case of one lever arm the
matrix is fixed to the machine, and the lever arm carrying the rolls receives
its motion from a crank and connecting rod. The rolls act on the iron at one
end, and while rolling it describe the arc of a circle, so that the iron is curved.
In the case of two lever arms, one arm is placed above and the other below
the bed plate on which the matrix is fixed, and the iron is acted on at its
centre by two half-rolls, each of which rolls half the length of the iron, and at
the same time curves it; or instead of two half-rolls, four quarter-rolls may be
employed.
In another arrangement I employ four rolls placed to act upon the iron.bar
all at the same time; two of these rolls are plain to form the two square sides
of the bar, and the other two are shaped according to the irregular faces to be
formed on the bar; or if the bar is to have four irregular faces, then the four
rolls are constructed accordingly. The peripheries of the four rolls are all in
contact at the same time with the same section or portion of the bar, and
the rolls are driven by gearing, so that the bar is drawn through between
them and shaped to the desired form.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD.
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent -
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from. time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom.
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an

page_text: Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR SHAPING OF IRON INTENDED
FOR THE SHOES OF HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED
THEREIN," (communicated to me from abroad by Hector Edouard Bastien, of
Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be'
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:
Iron intended for the manufacture of shoes of horses and other animals
presents irregularities in its conformation varying according to the form and size
of the shoes to be made. The shaping or rolling of such iron has hitherto
been performed at two distinct and separate operations. Now the object of
this Invention is to shape iron intended for horse and other shoes at one and
the same operation.
The first arrangement I adopt consists of a pair of rolls A, B, as represented
in Figs. 1 and 2, to which rolls rotary motion is imparted. One of the
rolls, say, the upper roll A, has a periphery of. triangular section, with a
portion cut away to correspond to the irregular form to be imparted to the
iron and intended to produce the two irregular faces. The periphery or rolling
face of this roll may be made removable, so that a rolling face or matrix of
any other required shape may be substituted according to the form of iron to
be produced. The triangular periphery of this roll fits into a counterpart of
the reverse shape in the lower roll B; which is intended to roll the two regular
faces of the iron; it will thus be understood that the bar of iron is rolled in
one passage through the rolls. The rolls are driven as follows:-The driving.
shaft C imparts motion by a pinion D to a wheel E on the axis of the lower
roll B, which by means of two pinions imparts motion in opposite directions
to the two rolls. The iron on issuing from the heating furnace, whether in
bars of sufficient length to form several shoes or in pieces previously cut to
the length required for a single shoe, is introduced between the rolls either by
hand or by a movable table; it is rolled upon the two regular faces of the
lower roll and driven into the irregular faces of the upper roll, issuing in the-

page_text: form imparted to it by the two rails. This form is represented in Fig. 3,
which represents a piece of iron of the shape required to form shoes for the
front feet of horses, and in Fig. 4, which represents a piece of iron of the
shape required to form shoes for their back feet. On examining these Figures
it will be seen that the sides A, B, are square or form a right angle, being
those shaped by the lower roll, as before described; while the other two sides,
shaped by the upper roll, are irregular. When it is required to roll the iron
with four irregular faces, the lower roll is constructed in a similar manner. to
the upper.
Instead of rolling by rotary motion I sometimes adopt an "alternate
to-and-fro rectilinear movement, see Figs. 5 and 5b. This arrangement
allows of rolling vertically two bars of iron at a time by placing therein bars'
cut to the length required for a single shoe. I substitute for the upper
roll
before described a matrix A, capable of being removed and replaced by one of
another form, according to the shape to be imparted to the iron. This matrix"
is movable by cranks or otherwise, and the lower B, which is in the form
of a sector, simply turns on its axis. The heated bars are thrown into a
hopper C, and one end of the bar becomes engaged partly in the matrix and
partly in the sector. The matrix in descending draws the bar with it, and
when it reaches the end of its course the bar falls in a finished state. The
matrix again rises and takes another bar from the hopper, the bars being
delivered by a distributing tappet, which allows them to become engaged at
the desired moment. This arrangement, instead of being vertical, may be
inclined or horizontal, and be constructed to roll four bars at a time instead.
of two, and to act upon them in the forward movement only, or in both the
forward and backward movements, as the sector may be replaced by several
rolls for rolling the two square faces or each of them, and acting upon them
successively, so that on reaching the last roll the rolling. may be complete.
These rolls may have a special form if four irregular faces are to be produced.
In some cases I make the matrix fixed and the rolls movable, rolling over":
its entire length. Instead of the alternate rectilinear to-and-fro movement of.
the matrix I sometimes adopt a curvilinear movement, that is to say, 'the
matrix is fixed and the rolls are movable and mounted on one or two lever
arms, have their centre of oscillation on the machine. :
Fig. 6 shows an arrangement in which only one lever arm is employed.
The matrix A is fixed to the machine, and the lever arm B, carrying the:
roll C, receives its motion from a crank E and connecting rod D. The rolls
act on the iron at one end, and while rolling it describe the arc of a circle, so:
that the iron is curved. .

page_text: In the case of two lever arms as represented in Fig. 7, one arm is placed
above and the other below the bed plate on which the matrix A is fixed, and
the iron is acted on at its centre by two half-rolls, each. of which rolis half the
length of the iron, and at the same time curves it; or instead of two half-
rolls, four quarter-rolls may be employed.
In another arrangement represented in Fig. 8, I employ four rolls placed
to act upon the iron bar all at the same time; two of these rolls A and B are
plain to form the two square sides of the bar, and the other two F, G, are
shaped according to the irregular faces to be formed on the bar. The lower
vertical roll B receives motion from the driving shaft C, and transmits it in
the reverse direction by pinions D, E, to the upper vertical roll F; the motion
is: also transmitted by gearing, as shown, to the horizontal rolls A, G. The
peripheries of the four rolls are all in contact at the same time with the same
section or portion of the bar, and the bar is drawn through between them and
shaped to the desired form. The rolls A, G, give it the form represented in
Fig. 9, and the rolls B. F, that represented in Fig. 10. If the bar is to
have four irregular faces, then the four rolls are constructed accordingly.
The nature and character of this Invention will be understood from the
description herein-before given.
I now proceed to describe several modified and varied arrangements
which may be advantageously employed.
Fig. 11 represents a pair of rolls a, a, the roll a' is plain and the roll a
is formed with a groove or channel as shown. These rolls produce the rolling
of a bar placed between them. The number of rolls may be varied as
required, and their action on the iron bar may be successive or simultaneous.
Thus Fig. 12 shews an arrangement in which there are three rolls a, b, c,
the two rolls a, b, are grooved or recessed to form the irregularities on the two
faces of the bar f. These rolls are cast with teeth a', b', and one is driven by
the other. One of these rolls, the roll b for example, if formed with a part b",
the object of which is, conjointly with the third plain roll c, to form the two
square faces of the bar. The roll c may also have irregularities on its
periphery if it is desired to give the bar three irregular faces. The roll c may
be driven from an independent shaft or by gearing from the rolls a, b.
arrangements represented in Figs. 13, 14, and 15 are based on the same
principle, that is, they compress iron bars cut to the length required for one
or more shoes by acting in a matrix possessing the required form, and gradual
and simultaneous pressure is produced on the matrices to form the regular or
irregular sides of the iron according to requirement. This effect may be pro-
duced either by screws, gearing, cams, excentrics, levers worked by hydraulic
The

page_text: or steam power, or other method of obtaining without shock pressure for
moulding the iron in its inatrix. The two parts of the matrix may be moved
separately or simultaneously.
1
C
Fig. 16 shows an arrangement in which the rolling is produced by
rolls c, c', and lever wheels a, a', to which they are fixed, one of which wheels
drives the other. The wheel a¹ may be driven by a belt from any prime
mover passed over the pulleys p, p'. The rolls are formed on their peripheries
to shape the irregular faces of the bar f, while the plain faces of the bar are
formed by the two parts a", al, of the wheels a, a'. Two or more rollers f', f,
are fitted against the backs of the wheels a, a, to keep them to their work.
Fig. 17 represents an arrangement of three rolls acting simultaneously.
on the bar f. The periphery of one of these rolls has two rolling surfaces a, a,
the part a is formed to roll an irregular face on the iron, and the part a', in
conjunction with the roll b, rolls a second irregular face. The roll b has a
projecting part b', which forms one of the regular faces, while the third roll c
forms the other regular face of the iron f. These rolls may be driven from
the same shaft or from different shafts. Instead of three rolls, four may be..
employed, having a simultaneous action on the iron f. The rolls b and c turn
at the same speed, while the roll a, a', may be caused to revolve at a different
speed without the iron becoming twisted. In order to obtain a perfect rolling
free from waste I arrange the rolls so as to hold the iron on all sides, and
thereby prevent all chipping or unevenness of the edges.
Fig. 18 shows two rolls a, b, gearing into each other by toothed wheels
a', b', fixed thereto. The side of the wheels in contact with the iron fis
undulating, and is formed according to the development of the periphery of
the upper roll a. The lower roll b is plain, and is formed, in addition to the
toothed wheel b¹, with two side portions or flanges c, c', between which the
upper roll a and wheel a¹ are held; the flange or portion c by its contact
with the side of the roll a prevents all escape of iron during the rolling, while
all chipping or splintering is avoided at the other side of the iron by the
wheels a, b. Fig. 19 represents a similar arrangement without gearing.
In the arrangement shewn in Fig. 20 I employ double gearing a¹, all,
61, 61, gearing reciprocally for each roll; the parts a¹, b¹, are undulating..
In Fig. 21 I show an arrangement in which the rolls are formed with
spiral ribs between, and by which the iron is rolled.
Fig. 22 represents a combination of two rolls, each of which has a double
gearing a, a, and b', 6". The upper roll, in addition to its continuous rotary
motion, is provided with a horizontal movement.
Figs. 23 and 24 represent in vertical section and face view another

page_text: arrangement of two rolls; each roll is driven independently of the other.
Fig. 25 represents a similar arrangement, but with the rolls made to gear
into each other by teeth a', b', formed thereon.
Fig. 26 shows an arrangement of four rolls a, b, d, e; the upper and
lower rolls a, b, are held between flanges on the other rolls d, e. The roll d
and one of the rolls a, b, are plain, and the other two rolls are formed
according to the shape of iron required to be rolled.
An arrangement of three rolls is represented in Fig. 27. The two upper
rolls a, d, gear into each other and roll three faces of the iron, while the lower
roll b, which may be driven by the two others on each side is plain, and rolls
the fourth face. Fig. 28 shews a similar arrangement, with a different
form of gearing.
The foregoing arrangements, given as examples, fully explain this Invention
for the mechanical manufacture or shaping of iron suitable for the shoes of
horses and other animals. The rolls for rolling the iron may be fitted at any
convenient angle or inclination to each other, and all or one or more of the
rolls of a set may be mounted excentrically on their axes.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, manufacturing or
shaping iron intended for the shoes of horses and other animals at one and the
same operation, substantially in manner and by machinery arranged and acting
as herein-before described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five...
R. A. BROOMAN. · (L.S.)