ins and frames for
Year: 1887

page_text: I, PHILLIP HUFELAND of Room 55 Stewart Building in the City, County, and State
of New York, United States of America Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement*-
This Invention relates to improvements in mirrors and frames for holding the same,
and also relates to that class of mirrors known as triplicate mirrors.
The object of the invention is to provide a triplicate mirror of small size which can
be folded very compactly, and at the same time can be so adjusted as to have as great
a scope as large sized triplicate mirrors.
A further object of the invention is to simplify the construction of the backing, frame,
or holder, in which the glass is held, thereby reducing the cost of manufacture and
also making the frame lighter and more durable, and preventing warping.
The Invention consists of a triplicate mirror, composed of three separate mirrors
which are united by hinges uniting the ends of metal bands or strips which are mounted
to slide in the backings of the mirrors, thus permitting of moving those ends of the
mirrors at which the joints are located a greater or less distance from the central
mirror, but without interrupting the connection between the three, thereby permitting
of adjusting the mirrors, so that the same have the same scope as larger triplicate
mirrors have.
The Invention consists also of a mirror frame composed of a backing of two sheets
or layers of cardboard, veneer. or like material having their edges bent over to form
a hollow rim, said layers being firmly united.
The Invention also consists of the combination and construction of parts and details,
as will be fully described, and set forth hereinafter and finally pointed out in the
claims.
In the accompanying drawings, figure 1 is a front view of the improved triplicate
folding mirror, the same being opened. Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are detail views of a modified hinge. Figure 5 is an end view of
the mirror, folded or closed. Figure 6, a rear view of the same, parts being broken

page_text: .
out, and others in section. Figure 7 is a top view of a triplicate mirror, on a smaller
scale, shewing it open and the wing mirrors drawn from the central mirror, parts
being broken out. Figure 8 is a detail face view of one of the layers of the paste-
board backing. Figure 9 is a face view of the other layer. Figures 10, 11, 12,
and 13, are detail cross-sectional views of the layers forming the backing, shewing
the different constructions. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts
in all the figures.
ог
The mirrors A, B, and C, forming the triplicate mirror, shewn in figure 1, are each
held in a backing or frame A', B, and C, made of wood, ivory, celluloid, hard
rubber, pasteboard, veneer, or any other suitable material, which backing may be
covered with plush, embossed leather or finished in any desired manner. The frame
backing A of the mirror A is provided in its back with a longitudinal slot or
recess A, and the frames B and C₁of the mirrors B and C are provided in their
backs with the longitudinal slots or recesses B² (2 respectively. As shewn in figure 2
the slot or recess A2 in the frame or backing A' extends from end to end, whereas
in the frames or backings B₁ C₁, the slots or recesses do not extend from end to end
but are open at one end of the backing only.
In place of providing the recess or slot A² in the backing A¹, two slots or recesses
may be provided extending from the ends to within a short distance from the middle,
but I prefer to use one longitudinal slot extended from end to end. Into the recess
or slot A². I insert the metal strips D¹ D2, each having one end bent at right
angles, and to the rectangularly bent ends of said strips D1 D2 the rectangularly
bent ends of metal strips E and F are hinged, said tongues or strips E and F
being passed into the slots B² C² respectively of the frames B¹¹. The said
strips are each provided with a longitudinal slot into which a pin a passes, for
the purpose of preventing said strips being withdrawn entirely from the slots or
recess. The rectangularly bent end of the strip D¹ is shorter than the end of the
strip D2, so as to permit of folding the frame B over the frame C. If desired, the
strips E and F may be fixed in the frames or backings. B and (and the strips D'
and D only be arranged to slide in the backing or frame A¹; or, if desired, the
strips D1 and D2 may be fixed in the frames or backing A¹ and the strips E and F
only mounted to slide.
It is evident that by withdrawing the strips D' D² or E or F a greater or less
distance from their slots, grooves, or recesses of the frames, the edges of the mirror-
frames or backings B and C can be moved a greater or less distance from the side
edges of the frame or backing A in the plane of said frame, and by withdrawing the
strips E and F from the frames or backings B and C, the edges of the frames B₁ C¹¹
can also be moved a greater or less distance from the plane of the frame A¹, as for
example, as shewn in figure 7. As shewn in figures 3 and 4, the hinges may be
provided with a swivel-joint W, so as to permit of turning the wing-mirrors in such
à manner that their angle to the horizontal plane will be different from that of the
central mirror. I am thus enabled to adjust the mirrors at different distances from
each other, and as the strips E F, D and D' are hinged to each other, I can give the
three mirrors any desired inclination to each other, and can adjust them in any position
most convenient for the person using them.
The mirror can be folded very compactly and occupies very little space, in fact, not
much more than an ordinary hand mirror; but as it can be extended, it will answer
the same purpose as a large triplicate mirror. In place of providing the strips with
slots, and passing pins through said slots, it is evident that any other device may be
provided for preventing the withdrawing of the strips from the slots entirely. Gre-
presents a latch, which may be of any suitable construction, for the purpose of holding
the sections together when closed. H represents an eye, ring, or analogous device
on the mirror frame A' for the purpose of suspending said mirror. It is evident that
in place of using one strip D D and E F, these strips may be replaced by two or
more parallel strips, as this would be a mere duplication of the device stated above.
As stated above, the frames can be made of wood, celluloid, pasteboard, or other
suitable material. This material is rather heavy, wood is expensive and requires much

page_text: labor, and consequently, I make the frames of pasteboard or vencer in the following
manner: Said frames consist of two sheets M and N figures 8 and 9. The edges of
the bottom sheet N are bent up in quadrant shape N1, and the edges of the sheet M
are bent over to form a hollow bead M', as shewn in Figure 10. The sheets M and N
are glued together or fastened by any suitable adhesive material, or they may be
rivetted together, the edge of the bead M' resting on the edge of the quadrant N',
thereby forming a frame of double thickness provided with a hollow rim forming a
recess for receiving the mirror. If desired, the quadrant may be provided with an
offset or shoulder N, shewn in figure 11, for receiving the edge of the bead M' or, as
shewn in figure 12, the head may be provided with a shoulder M² for receiving the
edge of the quadrant N¹. In larger frames, I do not unite the layers M and N
directly, but introduce a sheet P of corrugated metal, pasteboard, or like material
between the layers M and N. In case hinge-strips S are to be fastened in the backing,
they are introduced through slots R in the quadrant N' and inserted between the
layers M and N, as indicated in full lines in figure S, and in dotted lines in figure 10.
The pasteboard backing thus formed is covered with plush, embossed leather, paper,
or other material, and can be finished in any suitable manner by means of varnish,
color, japan, etc. A frame made of sheets cemented or glued together, is not only
lighter and cheaper than a wooden frame, but it has the great advantage that it does
not warp, contract, or expand as a wooden frame does, but at all times holds the glass
firmly and securely and does not require a veneer strip for holding the glass, as wooden
frames do.
In case the triplicate mirror is to be made with the pasteboard frames just described,
the strips or tongues slide in the space between the layers M and N, in which case, the
said sheets M. and N must be so glued as not to be united at those places where the
slot or groove for the strips is to be formed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed; 1 declare that what I claim is ;-
1. A triplicate mirror, having a central mirror and a wing-mirror at each side of
the same, said wing-mirrors being mounted to move or slide toward and from the side-
edges of the central mirror in a plane in line with that of the central mirror, and each
of said winged mirrors being also mounted to slide toward and from the central mirror
in a plane at an angle to that of the central mirror, substantially as shewn and
described.
2. A triplicate mirror, composed of a centre mirror and hinged wing-mirrors, the
wing mirrors being provided with strips on which said wing mirrors are mounted to
slide toward and from the plane of the centre mirror, substantially as shewn and
described.
3. A triplicate mirror, composed of a centre mirror and hinged wing mirrors, the
wing mirrors being mounted to slide on strips in the backing or frame of said wing
mirrors, said strips being held in the backing or frame of the centre mirror, substan-
tially as shewn and described.
4. A triplicate mirror, composed of a central mirror and two wing mirrors, the
wing-mirrors being mounted to slide on strips which are hinged to strips mounted to
slide in the backing or frame of the centre-mirror, substantially as shewn and
described.
5. In a triplicate mirror, the combination with a central mirror and two wing-
mirrors, of overlapping strips mounted to slide out of the opposite edges of the
central mirror, and strips mounted to slide in the backs of the wing-mirrors, which
strips on the wing-mirrors are hinged to the opposite sliding strips of the central
mirror, substantially as shewn and described.
6. In a triplicate mirror, the combination with a central mirror-frame and glass in
the same, which central frame has a longitudinal slot or recess in its back, of strips
mounted to slide in the recess or slot, and wing-mirrors connected to the central
mirror by said strips, substantially as shewn and described.

page_text: 7. In a triplicate mirror, the combination with a central mirror frame and glass, of
wing-mirror frames, all these frames having longitudinal slots or recesses in their
backs, strips mounted to slide in the recesses, which strips are hinged to each other,
substantially as shewn and described.
8. In a triplicate folding mirror, the combination with a central mirror frame and
two wing mirrors, of sliding strips in the back or frames of the central and wing
mirrors and stops for preventing the withdrawing of the strips entirely from the slots
or recesses in the frames, substantially as shewn and described.
9. In a triplicate mirror, the combination with a central mirror, of sliding strips on
the backing of the same, and of wing mirrors hinged and swivelled on the outer ends
of the strips, to swing toward and from the central mirror to be capable of adjust-
ment at an angle to the horizontal plane, different from that of the central mirror,
substantially as herein shewn and described.
10. A triplicate mirror, consisting of a central mirror and a wing mirror hinged
and swivelled to each end of the central mirror, to swing toward and from.the face
of the central mirror and to be adjustable at an angle to the horizontal plane, different
from the angle of the central mirror to the horizontal plane,, substantially as shewn
and described.
11. A mirror-backing or frame, composed of two sheets of material, one having
its edge bent over to form a quadrant and the other bent over to form a hollow bead,
the adjacent or inner faces of said sheets being united throughout, whereby a backing
of double thickness is formed, the quadrant and the hollow bead forming a hollow rim
for the frame against the inside of which hollow rim, the edges of the mirror can
rest, substantially as shewn and described.
12. In a mirror frame, the combination with two sheets of material united face to
face, and a layer of corrugated material between said sheets, substantially as shewn
and described.
13. In a mirror frame, the combination with two sheets united face to face and
hinge strips between the two sheets, substantially as shewn and described.
14. In a mirror frame, the combination of two sheets having their end edges bent
over, which sheets are united face to face, the outer sheet having slots in its bent edges,
and of a hinged strip extending through said slots and into the space between the
two sheets, substantially as shewn and described.
2
P. HUFELAND.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.