Improvements in Machinery for Spreading and Drawing Hemp and other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1893-!ccepted, 24th June, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Spreading and Drawing Hemp and
other Fibrous Materials.
I, JOHN GOOD, of Far Rockaway in the County of Queens and State of New
York, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to spreading and drawing machinery in which the operation
is performed wholly or in part by means of, or by the aid of, gill-pins, which are
carried by a consecutive series of bars forming parts of an endless table. It is in
some cases desirable that, at different stages in the operation of the gill-pins so
carried, the angle of the gill-pins to the face of the table should be varied according
to the direction of the draught upon the pins during such stages.
This invention consists in the novel combinations described and claimed,
including provision for the said variation in the angle of the pins.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a combined spreader and
drawing frame embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal vertical sectional view, showing a portion of one
of the endless tables of the machine, the gill-pins carried by said table, and part
of the guides for the said table, on a larger scale than Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a plan view corresponding with Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken in the line x x of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken in the line y y of Fig. 2.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
A is the framing of the machine; B and B are two endless tables arranged one
before the other, and comprising two sets of gill-pins a a', the said tables con-
sisting, as is common in such machines, of endless chains 66 and connecting
bars ce', in which the gill-pins are held, and which are pivoted in the links of
the said chains. The endless chains b of the rearward table B are carried by
sprocket wheels e ƒ on the shafts g h, supported in bearings on the rearward portion
of the frame A, and the chains 6 of the forward table B' are carried on sprocket
wheels efon shafts g¹ h', in similar bearings on the forward portion of the said
frame. Behind the endless table B, are a feed-board D and a pair of feed
rollers E F, the latter being arranged in suitable bearings in standards i on the
framing A. In front of the endless table B', is a trumpet-mouthed conductor G,
and in front of the said conductor is a pair of drawing rollers H I, arranged in
bearings in standards i¹ on the front part of the framing A.
The shaft g above mentioned, is the driving shaft, and gives motion to the
endless chains, which give motion to the sprocket wheels f' and their shaft h¹,
the latter shaft carrying a spur gear k, which through intermediate spur gears
rotating on a stud on one side of the framing, gives motion to a spur gear m on
the sprocket wheel shaft e, and drives the chains b. The latter chains drive the
sprocket wheels and shaft h. The feed rollers are driven from a spur gear n on the
shaft through an intermediate gear o on a stud in the side of the machine, the said
intermediate gear gearing with a spur gear j on the lower feed roller E. The drawing
rollers are driven from a spur gear p on the driving shaft, through an intermediate
gear q, turning on a stud in the side of the framing, and gearing with a spur
gear on the lower drawing roller H. The several gears are so proportioned that
the first table B has a surface velocity equal to, or very slightly greater than, that
of the feed rollers E F; the second table B₁ moves in the same direction at a
velocity considerably greater than that of the first one, and the drawing rollers H I
have a surface velocity greater than that of the second table B¹.

page_text: The gill-pin bars c of the rear table B are furnished at their ends with dogs J,
which run on guides on the sides of the framing, for the purpose of maintaining
the pins a with a proper slight rearward inclination at all times, but, for the
purpose of my invention, these dogs and guides may be the same as the dogs and
guides employed in other machines of like character for the same purpose, and
therefore they do not here need any particular description. The dogs J' employed
on the gill-pin bars c', may be, and are represented, as of a well known kind, but
as the guides upon which the said dogs run, differ from those of other machines,
and consequently the said dogs have a different action on the bars for producing
the change of the angles of the gill-pins to the operative planes of the tables,
which is an essential characteristic of my invention, it will be necessary here to
describe the construction of the said dogs, as well as that of the guides.
Referring particularly to Figs. 2, 4 and 5, it will there be seen, that the dogs J',
which are fast on the gill-pin-bars c', consist severally of an elbow crank, from one
arm of which projects outwards a stud or pin r, and from the other of which
projects a stud or pin r. In the outer face of the first mentioned arm is a
transverse groove r².
"
The guides K on which the said dogs run, consist of straight bars, one on each
side of the machine, supported parallel with the plane of the upper run or face of
the table, on stands ss, which are erected on the framing A between the bearings
of the table shafts g' h. The rearward portions of these guides, equal, say, to
from one-third to one-half their total length, are constructed with straight pro-
jecting gibst, which fit the groove in the dogs, and the said portions of the
guide bars K are made of such depth or vertical thickness, that while the gibs are
contained in the grooves of the several dogs, the studs of the dogs will be out
of contact with the guide bars, and the dogs and the gill-pin-bars will be guided by
the said gibs alone, and will give the gill-pius an inclination forward at an acute
angle to the face of the table B₁, as may be understood by reference to Fig. 1,
and to the right hand half of Fig. 2. The portions of the said guide bars K in
front of the said gibs are made of greater depth or vertical thickness, as shown in
the left hand half of Fig. 2. The said greater thickness commences with an
upward inclination u (see Fig. 2), opposite the ends of the gibs t, and the conse-
quence of this is, that after the dogs have passed the ends of the gibs, their
studs are allowed to run against the top and bottom respectively of the guide
bars, as shown in Fig. 2, and so as permit or cause the gill-pins to take a more
backward set, as may be understood by reference to Figs. 1 and 3, where the
gill-pins in the forward part of the table B' are shown upright, or at right angles
to the plane of the table. It will thus be understood that the guide bars K
constitute two consecutive sets of guides, one set consisting of the gibst of the
said bars, and the other set consisting of the top and bottom surface of the said
bars.
It may here be mentioned that the dogs are alternately on opposite ends of the
gill-pin bars, so that the dogs of alternate bars run on the guide bars on the one
side of the machine, and those of the intervening gill-pin bars run on the guide
bars on the other side.
In the operation of the machine represented and described, the fibre fed by the
feed rollers E F to the rear table B, is carried forward by the pius a of the said
table to the front table B', the forwardly inclined pins a' on the rear part of which
operate in a well known manner, in combination with the backwardly inclined
pins a of the rear table, to produce what is known as the "spreading" operation,
which prepares the fibre for the drawing operation to be performed by the drawing
rollers HI, operating in combination with the pins a' on the front part of the said
table B. In the spreading operation, the draught of the fibre on the pins a¹ is in
a backward direction, and therefore, to perform the operation properly, the pins
must, during this operation, have the forward inclination, or they would not take
proper hold of the fibres, and the latter would slip upwards over and off them, but
on the other hand, if this forward inclination should continue as the pius arrive

page_text: near the drawing rollers where the draught is forward, they would not hold back
the fibres against the draught, and the fibres would slip off; and it is to prevent
this slipping off, that a more backward set is given to the pins a¹ a¹ as they
approach the drawing rollers. In the drawing operation above described, the
pins or studs rr of the dogs J are held in contact with the top and bottom of the
guide bars K by the draught of the fibre on the pins, which causes the pins, as
the dogs pass up the inclination u of the bars, after leaving the gibs t, to gradually
leave their inclined position, and be set in a more backward direction, or in upright
position.
In the mention of the pins a as having their points set in a more backward
direction as they approach the drawing rollers, I have used the term "backward"
only relatively to the forward inclination which the said pins have in the rear part
of the table B. The points of the pins might have given to them a positively
backward set in the front part of the table, but this is not necessary, and I prefer
that they should be upright, or perpendicular to the face of the table.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
:-
1. The combination of a series of gill-pin bars and gill-pins thereon, arranged in
the form of an endless chain or table, guide bars having greater and less depth
in different parts of their length, and having on one edge an inclination between
the parts of different depth, and having also gibs on their narrower parts, and dogs
on said gill-pin-bars furnished with grooves to engage with said gibs, and with pins
or projections to engage with the edges of the deeper portions of the guide bars,
substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
2. The combination, in a machine for spreading and drawing fibrous materials,
of two series of gill-pin-bars and gill-pius thereon, arranged one series before the
other in two endless chains or tables, driving mechanism for said bars by which
those in the front table are caused to move faster than, and away from, those of
the rear table; feed rollers in rear of the rear table of bars, drawing rollers in
front of the front table, and mechanism for driving said rollers faster than the
latter table of bars, two consecutive sets of guides arranged parallel with the face
of the front table of bars, and dogs on the last mentioned bars for engaging
successively with said two sets of guides, for first guiding said bars with their pins
at a forward inclination to the table, and afterwards guiding said bars with the
points of their pins set in a more backward direction, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
Dated this 9th day of May 1802
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.