IMPROVEMENTS IN "SEA GOING VESSELS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I JOHN GARTNER of Rochester in the County of Monroe and State of New
York one of the United States of America Mechanic do hereby declare the nature
of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN "SEA GOING VESSELS" and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to improvements in sea going vessels of that class in which
it has been proposed to use side propellers in addition to the ordinary stern
propeller, and the object of my Invention is to construct a vessel of this class that
will acquire a much greater speed and can be more easily controlled than vessels
as ordinarily constructed.
My Invention consists of pillar block castings constituting the bearings for the
propeller shafts constructed to form part or sections of the plating or skin of the
vessel and conforming to the water lines thereof whether the said pillar block
castings be combined with side or stern propellers. It is important that the bases
of the pillar block castings conform to the water lines of the recesses in which the
side propellers are arranged, and that the pillar bearings proper project from the
surface of the castings longitudinally in line with the side walls of the vessel,
while conforming to the contour of the walls of the recesses, and to the side water
lines of the vessel, which enters and emerge from said recesses on each side of said
surface pillar bearings and these recess pillar block castings so constructed are
formed with integral cut waters in line with the pillar bearing castings.
The stern pillar block casting conforms to both sides of the stern of the vessel
and the pillar bearing proper thereof is placed between the skin or plating, and
may be made in one or two parts or sections suitably bolted together, all of
which will be more fully described hereinafter and specifically pointed out in tho
claims.
Referring to the accompanying Drawings-
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of the forward part of a vessel, showing one of
the side propellers and its pillar block castings.
Fig. 2, a bottom view of the same.
Fig. 3, a bottom view on a smaller scale showing the two side propellers and the
stern propeller.
Fig. 4 a bottom view partly in section of the pillar block castings for the side
propellers,
Figure 5 a cross section on line x x of Fig. 1, looking towards the stern.
Figure 6, a cross section on line v v of Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 a cross section on line y y of Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 a cross section on line & × of Fig, 1,

page_text: Fig. 9 a side elevation of the stern of the vessel showing the stern pillar block
casting for the stern propeller.
Fig. 10 an end view of the same.
Fig. 11 a horizontal detail section showing the water line of the recess for one
of the propellers.
Fig. 12 an enlarged cross section of one of the said pillar block castings as
forming a part of the skin of the vessel.
Fig. 13, is a side elevation of the stern pillar block castings, partly in section,
and
Fig. 14, is a cross section of the same on line 1-2 of Fig. 13.
In each side of the vessel A forward of midship is constructed a recess B for the
reception of a propeller C C¹. Each recess is so formed as to conform to and merge
into the regular water lines of the vessel so as to offer no obstruction to the free
passage of the vessel through the water. The propellers are secured to shafts c c¹
which have their bearings in pillar block castings D D¹.
These pillar block castings are constructed of cast iron composition, or other suitable
metal and are secured to and form a part of the skin of the vessel, to which they
are riveted or bolted. They may be provided with recessed flanges d, d, so that
the thickness of metal of the skin fits into said recesses and forms a perfectly
smooth surface. The joints are then properly caulked to prevent any possible
leakage. In the bearings of these pillar block castings are arranged the ordinary
sleeves and bushing with proper lignum vitae, or other suitable packing, and at the
innor ends are placed the usual stuffing boxes, e. e². The shafts cc', are each
provided with the well known collar thrust bearing E E¹ as shown in Fig. 4 and
if found necessary, similar thrust bearings may be applied at the other ends of the
shafts, which extend to the engines.
B
Each propeller is preferably operated by a separate engine, so that in steering,
one may be run in one direction, while the other runs in the opposite direction.
They may be provided with couplings so that they can be run together.
Each pillar block casting has formed with it, at the end facing the propeller, a
sharp projection f which forms a cut water and guides the water towards the sides
of the pillar block castings. The cut water gradually merges into the base of the
pillar block castings so as to form no angles or projections. Said pillar block
castings are each provided with a suitable lubricating device as shown at g Fig. 7
which extends through the inner wall of the vessel so as to be easily accessible
from the interior.
In the stern of the vessel is placed the stern-bearing pillar block casting F made
in one or more parts for the propeller G.
This pillar block casting contains the ordinary lining bushings, packing etc., and
it is also provided with recessed flanges à into which the plating or skin of the
hull fits, and to it the pillar block castings are riveted or bolted.
I prefer to employ rivets or bolts with counter sunk heads so as to offer no.
resistance to the speed of the vessel. The sides of this pillar block casting conform
to the contour of that part of the stern to which it is secured at the top and at
each side and it is preferably cast in one piece as shown in Figure 14 and is
adapted to join the keel and the rudder post frame.
All the pillar block castings may be strengthened by brackets or web ribs on
their inner sidos so as to make them very strong and durable and prevent any
twisting or derangement. Any other kind of thrust bearing may be employed
instead of the collar thrust bearings.
Some of the advantages of my improvements are, that the vessel by the
employment of the side propellers can be made to answer the helm more quickly
and easier, a much greater speed can be obtained than with ordinary vessells only
using the stern propeller; the recess is being made to gradually merge into the
regular water lines of the vessel on each side of the pillar block castings forming
inlet and outlet passages for the water and thereby causing the propellers to act
with better effect and the vessel to move at increased speed.
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page_text: The pillar block castings can be easily applied to a vessel, they can be easily
made and repaired, and they are very strong and durable, they can be easily applied
to old as well as new vessels, so as to accelarate the speed thereof by adding the
side propellers and they can be easily replaced by new ones if desired.
The side recesses are preferably formed at a point about a quarter to a third of
the ships length from the bow and they conform to the water line as shown in
Figure 11, so as to give a free inlet of the water to the propeller under the move-
ment of the vessel and allow the water to pass freely out of said recess so that the
side propellers operate in a body of water free from the least churning action.
This is a very important. matter of my Invention becauso such construction is of
the highest advantage in increasing the capacity of the vessel for speed. Such
construction is also important in giving the advantage of placing the pillar block
castings practically within the recesses so that they do not form side projections on
the hull; nor do they offer obstruction to speed.
The pillar blocks proper are raised parts on the surface of a section of the plating
or skin of the ship and these raised parts are curved in lines conforming to the
water lines of the hull so as to form a way or passage on each side of the raised
part into and out of the recess, so that these pillar blocks in fact offer no resistanco
to the speed of the vessel, while giving the firmest possible bearing and support
for the propeller shaft. The arrangement of the pillar blocks within the recesses
allows the bearings for the propeller shaft to be extended into the recess quite
near the propeller so that there will be a comparatively short length of shaft
exposed crossing the recess and there will consequently be little or no vibration to
the shaft.
It has been proposed to construct sea going vessels with side propellers arranged
in recesses formed in the hull, but so far as I know and can find, the construction
and combination of recesses, propellers and pillar block castings which I have
shown and described, is new and gives advantageous results not possible in tho
constructions hitherto devised for the employment of side propellers.
While I have described the pillar block castings as being separate and forming a
part or section of the skin or plating of the vessel, yet it is obvious that while
conforming to the water lines of the vessel, they may not necessarily be a part of
its skin but may be bolted to the skin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In a sea-going vessel, having side recesses, the combination of the propellers C C¹
arranged therein with the separate pillar block castings, D D' forming parts or
sections of the skin or plating A of the vessel, the pillar bearings for the shafts
projecting from the surface of said castings in lines conforming to the walls of the
recesses and to the side water lines of the vessel, entering and emerging from said
recesses on each side of said pillar block bearings substantially as described for the
purpose specified.
2. In a sea going vessel, constructed with side recesses and having side propellers
arranged therein, the separate pillar block castings D D' for the propeller shafts
constructed to form parts or sections of the skin or plating A of the vessel with the
pillar bearings projecting longitudinally in line with the sides of the vessel into
said recesses conforming to the contour of the water lines of the vessel and
provided with suitable bushings and packings for the propeller shafts, substantially
as described.
3 In a sea going vessel, the combination with the separate pillar block
castings D D' forming parts or sections of the skin or plating of a vessel, constructed
with side recesses to the water lines whereof, the bearing projections of said pillar
blocks conform, of the propellors their shafts passing through the bearings of
.said separate pillar castings and the end thrust bearings E E substantially as
described.

page_text: 4. In a sea going vessel the combination with a stern propeller of a pillar block
casting F forming a part or section of the skin or plating of the vessel, conforming
to the water lines of both sides of the stern, having the pillar bearing extending
through it between the plating and provided with suitable bushings and packing
substantially as described.
5. In a sea going vessel having both side and stern propellers the former
arranged within side recesses, the separate pillar block castings D D¹ and F,
constructed to form the bearings for the propeller shafts and a part or section of
the skin or plating of the vessel conforming to the water lines of the vessel's
sides and stern, and provided with suitable bearings substantially as described.
6 The combination in a sea going vessel constructed with side recesses, of sido
propellers arranged therein, with pillar block castings forming a part or section of
the skin or plating of the vessel, their bases conforming to the contour or side
water lines thereof and having integral cut waters substantially as described for
the purpose specified.
7. A sea going vessel, provided with separate pillar block castings D D', and F
for the sides and stern constructed to form parts or sections of the skin of the
vessel to conform to the water lines thereof, substantially as described in
combination with the propellers and their shafts having suitable bearings, bushings
and oiling appliance in said pillar block castings substantially as described.
8. The pillar block castings for the side propeller shafts, of a sea going vessol
having side recesses for the propellers, conforming to the water lines of the vessel,
said pillar block castings provided with integral cut-waters and having their bases
conforming to the water lines of the vessel.
9. A vessel provided with two sido propellers arranged in recesses, and side
pillar block castings, in combination with a stern propeller and a stern pillar block
casting conforming to the shape of the stern, the said pillar block castings forming
a part or sections of tho skin or plating of the vessel, substantially as described
and for the purpose specified.
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