Improvements in Alloys for Anti-friction Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Alloys for Anti-friction Purposes.
I, MAX WAGNER, of 75 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, which has been
communicated to me from abroad by Carl Friedrich Beyer, of Planen, Voigtland,
Saxony, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the employment of certain metals and a method of
preparing and manipulating them or some of them for amalgamation or association
to render the compound suitable for anti friction purposes, such as for bearings of
shafts, and spindles, the proportions varying to suit light shafts and spindles, such
as are fitted in factories and for heavy shafts, such as propeller shafts, axles of
rolling mills.
The metals are, lead preferably washed free of impurities by sal-ammoniac or
its equivalent, tin, antimony as a base with which a small quantity of either barium,
caesium, calcium, cerium, didymium, lanthanium, potassium, rubidium, strontium,
tellurium, thorium, zirconium, or an admixture of any of the above is or are
added.
In some cases, the antimony, or the tin may be dispensed with.
In practice all the metals are melted separately. The molten lead is washed
and cleansed by the addition of sal-ammoniac well stirred in, after which the
molten tin is poured into the cleansed lead, then the antimony, and well stirred,
also a small quantity of one or other or a proportion of two or more of the several
metals previously referred to for amalgamation.
The quantities of the several metals can be readily adjusted to suit the kind of
shafting to be run in the bearings, whether the anti-friction compound be for
heavy slow running shafts, as in mills, and ocean going steamers, or for light fast
running shafts as in launches or factories.
The compound is poured into moulds and when cold and set, the working surface
is dressed ready for fitting.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Max Wagner.
Improvements in Alloys for Anti-friction Purposes.
I, MAX WAGNER, of 75 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, which has been
communicated to me from abroad by Carl Friedrich Beyer, of Planen, Voigtland,
Saxony, Manufacturer, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the employment of certain metals and a method of
preparing and manipulating them or some of them for amalgamation or association
to render the compound suitable for anti friction purposes, such as for bearings of

page_text: shafts and spindles, the proportions varying to suit light shafts and spindles, such
as are fitted in factories and for heavy shafts, such as propeller shafts, axles of
rolling mills.
The metals are, lead preferably washed free of impurities by sal-ammoniae or
its equivalent, tin, antimony as a base with which a small quantity say from 25 to
1 per cent. of either barium, caesium, calcium, cerium, didymium, lanthanium,
potassium, rubidium, strontium, tellurium, thorium, zirconium, or an admixture of
any of the above is or are added.
In some cases, the antimony, or the tin may be dispensed with.
In practice all the metals are melted separately. The molten lead is washed
and cleansed by the addition of sal-ammoniac well stirred in, after which the
molten tin is poured into the cleansed lead, then the antimony, and well stirred,
also a small quantity of one or other or a proportion of two or more of the
several metals previously referred to for amalgamation.
The quantities of the several metals can be readily adjusted to suit the kind of
shafting to be run in the bearings, whether the anti-friction compound be for
heavy slow running shafts, as in mills, and ocean going steamers, or for light fast
running shafts as in launches or factories.
As an example, I always make my alloys for bearings and antifriction purposes
from lead 80 lbs; antimony 15 lbs; tin 5 lbs. ; to which for light running shafts,
I add from 0-25 to 0.50 per cent. of either of the other metals or a combination of
any two or more of them; but for heavy slow running shafts I employ the same
proportions of lead, antimony, and tin, and increase the quantity of the other
metals to from 0.50 to 1 per cent.
The compound is poured into moulds and when cold and set, the working
surface is dressed ready for fitting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The before mentioned improvements in metallic alloys for anti friction
purposes.
2. The manufacture of metal bearings from an admixture of lead, tin, or
antimony, and one or other, or a combination of two or more of the other metals
named, treated or prepared for amalgamation in the manner set forth.
The 12th day of August 1905
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Max Wagner.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Max Wagner.