IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING BRACE WEBBING, SMALLWARES, AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Hilton Smith, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Loom Maker, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING BRACE WEBBING, SMALLWARES, AND OTHER FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Georgo Hilton Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd June 1881.
GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Loom Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING BRACE WEBBING, SMALLWARES, AND
OTHER FABRICS."
My Invention consists in an improved needle and shuttle motion, and also in a
taking up motion. In applying my Invention to an elastic web loom I make each
of the two needles for carrying the weft of a straight arm with a curved segmental
portion concentric to a vertical bush in which are two upright sliding pieces, to one
of which each needle is connected by the straight arm. These needles are actuated
from the driving shaft by a cain and levers connected to the bush by bevil wheels
or otherwise. An up and down motion is communicated from the treadles to the.
sliding pieces to cause the needles to change their positions each time they enter
the shed in weaving a double cloth to form the selvage on one side. I form the
selvage on the other side by a horizontal stationary shuttle under which the weft
threads are passed by the needles in their forward movement, and over which the
weft threads are drawn on the return movement of the needles, the thread from
the shuttle retaining the weft to form the selvage. The stationary shuttle may be
used with sliding needles, on the ends of which are projections which pass under
the shuttle when moving forward and over the shuttle in returning. I also fit
toothed wheels over which the weft passes in the projections on the said needles
when it is desired to produce a fabric with a looped or terry surface. The teeth
project between the warp threads (which cause the toothed wheel to, turn) and
leave a loop of weft where each tooth has been on the forward movement, and a
cloth pick is formed on the return movement. Although I have described my

page_text: Invention as applied to an ordinary elastic web loom with two needles, my
improved stationary shuttle may be applied to various kinds of looms in which one
or more needles are used, and to vertical as well as to horizontal movements; and
my improved needle action may be applied to looms in which one or more than
two needles are used, and also to looms in which more than one piece of fabric is
woven at the same time. I use a thread guide similar to that described and shewn
in my Specification, No. 961, A.D. 1877. My improved taking up motion consists
of a bush driven by a band or otherwise turning on a rod in which right and left
hand endless threads are cut crossing each other. A pin inside the bush fits in the
thread and causes the bush to travel to and fro when it is turned, or the threads
may be formed in the bush and the pin fitted on the rod. The end of the web or
fabric to be taken up is attached to the bush, which when full is stripped.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Hilton Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd December 1881.
GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Loom Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING BRACE WEBBING, SMALL WARES, AND
OTUER FABRICS."
My Invention consists in an improved needle and shuttle motion, and also in a
taking up or coiling motion. In applying my Invention to an elastic web loom I
make each of the two needles for carrying the weft of a straight arm with a curved
segmental portion concentric to a vertical bush in which are two upright sliding
pieces, to one of which each needle is connected by the straight arm. These needles
are actuated from the driving shaft by a cain and levers connected to the bush by
bevil wheels or otherwise. An up and down motion is communicated from the
treadles to the sliding pieces to cause the needles to change their positions éach
time they enter the shed in weaving a double cloth to form the selvage on one
side. I form the selvage on the other side by a horizontal stationary shuttle under
which the weft threads are passed by the needles in their forward movement, and
over which the weft threads are drawn by the return movement of the needles.
The thread from the shuttle retains the weft to form the selvage. The stationary
shuttlo may be used with sliding needles, on the ends of which are projections
which pass under the shuttle when moving forward and over the shuttle in
returning. I also fit a toothed wheel over which the weft passes at the end of
cach sliding needle when it is desired to produce a fabric with a looped or terry
surface. The teeth of the wheels project between the warp threads (which cause
the toothed wheels to turn) and leave a loop of weft where each tooth has been on
the forward movement, and a cloth pick is formed on the return movement.
Although I have described my Invention as applied to an ordinary elastic web
loom with two needles, my improved stationary shuttle may be applied to various
kinds of looms in which one or more needles are used, and to vertical as well as to
horizontal movements; and my improved needle action may be applied to looms in
which one or more needles are used, and also to looms in which more than one
piece of fabric is woven at the same time.
I use a thread guide similar to that described and shown in my Specification,
No. 961, A.D. 1877. My improved taking up motion consists of a bush or roller
driven by a band or otherwise turning on a rod in which right and left hand
endless helical grooves are cut crossing each other. A. pin inside the bush fits in
the groove and causes the bush to travel to and fro when it is turned, or the
grooves may be formed in the bush and the pin fitted on the rod. The end of
the web or fabric to be taken up is attached to the bush, which when full is
stripped.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation partly in section, and Fig. 2 is a sido elevation of part
of an elastic web loom to which my Invention is applied.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the needles and shuttle, the dotted lines indicate the positions
of the needles when they have passed through the shed.
a and b are the two needles for carrying the weft through the shed. One end of
the straight arin of the needle a is fitted in the head of the bar a' which slides
vertically in the bush c. The bottom of the bar a' is fixed to the collar a³ which
is held in a fork or slot at the end of the lever a³ fixed to the shaft a³, to which is

page_text: also fixed the lever a³ which is raised and lowered by a connecting rod a actuated
by one of the jacks at the bottom of the loom. The arm of the needle 6 is fitted in
the bar b; this bar slides against the bar a in the bush c, it passes through the
collar a², and it is fixed to the collar 6. It is moved up and down in a similar
manner to the bar a' by one of the jacks communicating motion to it through the
connecting rod 6º, lever 65, shaft b, and lever b³.
A forward and backward motion is communicated to the needles by the internal
cam d on the driving shaft, in which works a bowl connected to the vibrating
lever d. The upper end of this lover is fitted on a stud d' on the loom side, and
its lower end is connected by a link d³ to a lever e' fixed to the boss of the bevil
wheel e.
This wheel gears into a bevil pinion c¹ fixed at the lower end of the
bush c and causes it to turn partly round with each movement of the lever d¹.
The bush e turns in a bearing connected to the loom side; g is the stationary
horizontal shuttle, it rests on a plate g¹ to which are screwed the shuttle guards g²
and g which keep the shuttle in its place and allow the weft to pass under it on
the forward movement of the needles, and over it on the return of the needles; k is
the thread guide through which the weft threads are passed; they are then drawn
through the holes at the junction of the radial and segmental portions of the
needles into the slits in the segments and through holes at the points of the
needles.
Fig. 4 is an elevation, and Fig. 5 a plan showing part of a sliding needle n on
which is mounted a toothed wheel o for producing a looped or terry surface.
Fig. 6 shows my improved taking up apparatus. is the taking up roller inside
which is a pin or projection that enters the endless right and left hand groove in
the fixed shaft s. The roller is driven by a band or otherwise, and as it rotates
on the shaft s the pin follows the groove in the shaft s, and traverses the roller to
and fro. When the fabric has been balled or wound on the roller it is removed to
strip off the fabric. The groove in the shaft s is cut to a pitch corresponding to the
width of fabric. The shaft 8 is fixed in suitable bearings in any convenient
position. The bearings must be far enough apart to allow for the traverse of the
roller 1.
Having stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner of performing
the same,
I declare that I claim,―
1. The needles a and b and the mechanism for actuating the same, substantially
as shown and described.
2. The stationary shuttle g, as and for the purpose shown and described.
3. The toothed wheel o on the sliding needlo n, as and for the purpose shown
and described.
4. The improved apparatus for winding or coiling the fabric, as described and
shown on Fig. 4.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Hilton Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this First day of December, One thousand eight hundred and
eighty one.
G. H. SMITH. (L.S.)
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