IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC SAFETY APPARATUS FOR EXTINCTION OF FIRES
Year: 1885

page_text: I PHILIP JOLIN of 2 Elmdale Rd Redland Bristol in the City and County of
Bristol and of 35 Narrow Wine Street in the said City and County Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC
SAFETY APPARATUS FOR EXTINCTION OF FIRES, to be as follows:-
My improvements are for the purpose of rendering the automatic extinction of
fires more certain and prompt, the apparatus therefor being perfected by the
application of certain suitable pieces of mechanism of a more simple. construction.
as well as of a more reliable operation than heretofore used for such purpose. The
mechanism which I employ to check the progress of fire whether it acts by opening
a valve for water or steam or carbonic acid or other liquid or gas capable of
extinguishing or checking flame, or whether it acts by closing or causing to close
an impervious and incombustible door, or whether it acts by allowing to fall from
a height some vessel containing a suitable preventive liquid or liquids, such as
water or aqueous solution of tungstate of soda or phosphate of ammonia or the like,
is of the following kind namely a link or its equivalent formed of two or more
parts held in contact with one another by being cemented or or soldered, or in some
cases by being made of cement or solder of a suitable kind, so as to fuse when
acted upon by the flames or by the hot air or gases arising from the fire, or the
link or its equivalent consists of parts not cemented or soldered rigidly together
but mearly mechanically wedged, locked or held together by proper adaption of,
form and fixed by the insertion or application of a suitable wedge rivet tongue
layer or piece of suitable fusible material and in some cases the link is so
constructed that the said wedge rivet tongue layer or piece of fusible material
is subjected to a crushing strain or to a mixed crushing and shearing strain.
When applied to safety fire doors the link holds up the door untill parted by
fusion; when applied to let a vessel fall from a height the vessel is supported in
a suitable basket, frame, or cage held up or joined together by a suitable link or
links. When applied to automatic sprinklers or other valves, the valve or some
suitable attachment thereto is held in place by a lever or levers suitably held or
pivotted, the said lever or levers being maintained in place by a suitable link or
equivalent device capable of being parted when heated to a suitable degree: The
link or equivalent is in some cases attached to the levers by means of screws or is,
connected by wedges, racks or other appropriate tightening apparatus.

page_text: Improvements in Automatic Safety Apparatus for Extinction
of Fires.
I, PHILIP JOLIN of 2 Elmdale Rd, Redland and 35 Narrow Wine St both in the
city & county of Bristol Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENT IN AUTOMATIC SAFETY APPARATUS FOR EXTINCTION OF FIRES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My improvements are for the purpose of rendering the automatic extinction of
fires more certain and prompt, the apparatus therefore being perfected by the
application of certain suitable pieces of mechanism of a more simple construction
as well as of a more reliable operation than heretofore used for such purpose. The
mechanism which I employ to check the progress of fire whether it acts by opening
a valve for water or steam, or carbonic acid, or other liquid or gas capable of
extinguishing or checking flame or whether it acts by closing or causing to close
an impervious and fire proof door or whether it acts by allowing to fall from a
height some vessel containing a suitable preventative liquid or liquids, such as
water or aqueous solution of tungstate of sodoa, or phosphate of ammonia or the
like, is of the following kind namely A link or its equivalent formed of two or
more parts held in contact with one another by being cemented or soldered, or in
some cases by being made of cement or solder of a suitable kind, so as to fuse
when acted upon by the flames or by the hot air or gasses arising from the fire or
the link or its equivalent consists of parts not cemented or soldered rigidly together
but nearly mechanically wedged rivited or held together by proper adaptive of form
and fixed by the insertion or application of a suitable wedge, rivet, tongue, layer,
or piece of suitable fusible material and in some cases the link is so constructed that
the said wedge, rivet, tongue, layer or piece of fusible material is subjected to a
crushing strain or to a mixed crushing and shearing strain, When applied to
safety fire doors the link holds up the door directly or indirectly untill parted by
fusion, when applied to let a vessel fall from a height the vessel is supported in a
suitable, basket frame or cage held up or joined together by a suitable link or
links; when applied to automatic sprinklers or other valves, the valve or some
suitable attachment thereto is held in position by a lever or levers suitably held
or pivitted the said lever or levers being maintained in place by a suitable link or
equivalent capable of being parted when heated to a suitable degree, or the valve
may be held closed by a bar held in position by a link or links or by a screw.
pressing on a suitable wedge or block of fusible material held in a frame or
other equivalent device. The link or its equivalent is in some cases attached to
the lever by means of screws, or is connected by wedges nuts or other appropriate
tightening apparatus That my invention may be more easily understood I append
a sheet of drawings wherein Figs: 1 to 13 show some of the most convenient forms
of links as used under my invention, Figs. 14 to 18 show the application to various
forms of valves, Figs. 19, & 20 show the application to fire doors & Figs. 21, & 22.
show application to vessels containing liquids.

page_text: In Figs. 1 & 2 L, L represent the levers of a valve or other parts of apparatus to
be held together F is a frame open at one side large enough to allow the big end
of c to pass easily through, M is the fusible material Fig. 3 shows C straight but
having rounded pieces c¹, c¹, soldered on to it, Fig. 4 & 5 show a similar link only
the piece C is divided into two leaves c. c. and the fusible material M inserted
between them and to give them greater certainty of action they are carried on
wires E' E. Fig. 6 shows one of the leaves perforated with holes to allow escape
of fusible material. Figs. 7 & 8 show another form of link where in the two
leaves c, c are flat and the frame F three sided, the fusible material being three
sided also. Fig. 9 shows leaves C perforated for purpose before mentioned.
Figs. 10. & 11 show another form of link consisting of two pieces formed in the
shape of a flat dish having portions of their edges removed to leave a rectangular
opening R through the centre see Fig. 11, those dishes are soldered together at
their edges & the inside entirely filled with fusible material except the rectangular
opening before mentioned, Figs. 12 & 13 represent another form where in two
Lshaped pieces are used having a block of fusible material between them two jaw
pieces J. J. are provided so that on the fusible material becoming softened the jaws
touch and cause the pieces to pass each other without hinderance. Figs. 1, 4, 7,
10 & 12 may be conveniently termed side elevations and Figs. 2, 5, 8, 11, & 13 may
be termed plans.
The action in Figs. 1 to 9 is as follows on the application of heat the fusible
material marked M, in each case becomes softened or fused and in the case of
Fig. 1 the big end of c is pulled through it in the case of Fig. 4 the fusible
material M becomes softened and squeezed out, and the plates are allowed to
approach each other & escape through the opening at the side of the frame F, in
fig. 7 the fusible material is squeezed back and the plates c, c, released, in any of
the for goeing cases the fusible material may be simply forced in tight or may be
cast in, or the plates or their equivalents may be tinned and soldered with fusible.
metal before the fusible metal is cast in, Figs. 10 and 11 are also tinned and
soldered together at their edges and the fusible metel cast in leaving the rectangular
opening R the action in this case is as follows directly the fusible metal becomes
fused the two halves or dishes a, a fly apart and the levers or other pieces of
mechanism are released, Figs. 12 & 13 show two L levers held apart by a
block M of fusible material the action is as follows when the block of fusible
material becomes softened the ends P. P. approach each other the two jaws J, J,
then touch and allow the L levers to pass each other, the block of fusible material
may be simply cast or may in the case of fusible metal be soldered to the
L leavers. .
Fig. 14 shows the application of a link as shown in Fig. 1 to a valve having two.
levers L, L, supporting and holding up a ball valve B to its seat 8, 8, the fall and
travel of said ball valve being regulated by the rod R and nut n the method of.
tightening the valve is shown in Fig. 1 where the link is forced higher up the
levers the link being held in position by notches cut in the lower ends of said
levers and the outside edges of the levers being so arranged that they are nearer.
together at the bottom than at the top, in Fig. 4 the levers are drawn together by
the link being forced along their inclined edges by nuts n. n.
Fig. 15 shows a valve of the same kind as Fig. 14 but in this case a link L¹¹ of.
the type Figs. 10 & 11 is used, in Figs. 14 & 15, cones of thin metal in halves X, X,
are used to catch the heat and concentrate it on the fusible link, Fig. 16 shows a
valve of the same kind as before except that the levers are replaced by a solid
frame, U, U, having a conical cavity into which fits a plug of fusible material M,
a screw S¹ presses on the fusible material and forces the valve B against its seat,
but on the fusible material being melted the screw passes into the cavity and valve
is opened, Fig. 17 shows a horisontal lever L holding up the valve B by means of
a link L of type Figs. 10 & 11. Fig. 18 shows a valve of somewhat different
form in which the valve piece in this case a ball, is inside the valve seat S, S, S, S,
being held against its seat by the pressure of the liquid or gas contained in the

page_text: pipes or their equivalent, it is of the same form as the bottle stoppers now in
common use for areated waters and may be made of any form used for that purpose
the opening in this case being effected by a special opener called into action by
heat,-in Fig. 18, U, U, is a solid frame having a conical opening at the bottom into
which is placed a plug of fusible material M, having a hole through it through
which passes a rod A carrying a piece Q a spiral spring Su or equivalent resting or
plate P or frame outside plug the spring then being made larger in diameter is
provided to force up Q when A is released, the spindle A is held down by a nut N.
The action is as follows directly the fusible material M. is fused the nut passes into
the cavity by the action of the spring S". Q strikes against the ball B. and
pushes it up opening valve. D in Figs. 14 to 18 represents a ring of metal or a
series of metalic projections arranged round the ball to scatter the water or fluid
over a wide area the top edge may be flat concave or any suitable shape that will
readily effect the purpose before mentioned.
Figs. 19 & 20 show the link L₁ of type Figs. 10 & 11 applied to firedoors,
D¹, D¹, being the openings or doorway, D' D' the fireproof door. Fig. 20 shows
link L simply holding open door Fig. 19 shows link L" holding over lever I of
drum N upon which drum is wound the chain or rope holding open the door D'.
Fig. 22 shows.vessel V in basket or cage Z, Z, Z, said basket or cage being held
together at bottom by link L".
Fig. 21 shows a vessel V held in a frame Z, Z, Z, so arranged that on the
link L parting by heat vessel & frame fall and the frame being made of metal
breakes the vessel and scatters the contents.
!
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1st In a system of automatic fire extinguishing devices the use of a link or links
wherein a fusible metal or equivalent is subjected to a crushing strain, or part
crushing and part shearing strain substantially as described and shown.
2nd The application in a system of fire extinguishing apparatus of a link or
links in combination with a valve having a ball kept against its seat by a leaver
or leavers substantially as described with reference to Figs. 14, 15, & 17.
3rd In a system of fire extinguishing apparatus the application of a plug, a
wedge shaped piece of fusible material or any equivalent device to hold up a valve
against its seat substantially as described with with reference to Fig. 16 or any
equivalent arrangement of valve.
4th In a system of automatic fire extinguishing apparatus the application of a
plug or wedge shaped piece of fusible material to hold back an opener substantially
as described with reference to Fig. 18 or equivalent arrangement of valve.
5th In a system of automatic fire extinguishing apparatus the combination of a
cone of thin metal to catch the heat substantially as described with a fusible link
substantially for the purpose set forth.
6th The application of a link or links substantially as described & shown to hold
open a fireproof door.
.
7th The application of a link or links to hold up or retain in position a vessel.
containing a preventative liquid substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 21 & 22 or equivalent arrangement of apparatus.