Improvements in Apparatus for Spinning and Doubling Cotton and other, Fibrous Material.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1894.
Complete Specification Left, 17th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1835
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Spinning and Doubling Cotton and
other, Fibrous Material.
JAMES MASON 44 Crostons Road Elton Bury Lancashire Engineer JAMES
NUTTALL, 93 Ainsworth Road Elton, Bury Lancashire Mill Manager. We do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements are applicable to spinning machines called throstles for
spinning and doubling cotton, and other-fibrous material.
.
It consists of a stationary spindle rail in which are fixed vertical tubes chased,
right and left for the purpose of retaining oil or other lubricating matter, the; fixed
tubes are carried to the top of the spindle. These tubes are firmly fixed in, rail,
and are further stayed or strengthened by a flange which rests on the spindle rail
by these means we gain a perfect steadiness of the spindle which enables us..to,
attain a higher rate of speed and, will therefore produce a greater quantity of yarn...
On the fixed tube we place a loose tube with projections at top and bottom (inside)..
for-the purpose of reducing-friction between the fixed tube and loose tube which
carries the bobbin
We also claim as our improvement a light lifting rail (which lifts clear of the.
fixed tube) combined with a raised circular rim attached, about the same diameter
as the bottom of arbobbin, and on which the bobbin will revolve when in work, by
the use of this light lifting rail-we-gain a saving. in motive power.,
Dated this 15th day of December 1894.
JAMES MASON:
JAMES NUTTALL.
Improvements in Apparatus for Spinning and Doubling Cotton and
other Fibrous Material.
WE JAMES MASON of 44 Crostons Road, Elton, Bury, in the County of"
Lancaster, Engineer, and JAMES NUTTALL of 93 Ainsworth Road, Elton, Bury,
aforesaid, Mill Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described' and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings :-
1
Our-said-invention for spinning and doubling cotton and other fibrous materials,
relates more particularly to throstle and similar spinning and doubling. frames in
which flyers are used.
In carrying our invention into effect, we use long vertical tubes or bolsters which
constitute long collar bearings for the upper length or blade of the spindles.
These tubes are carried in a fixed rail, the foot of the spindle being supported in
a foot-step. in another and lower fixed rail.
The aforesaid long collar or bolster bearing gives such efficient support to the

page_text: spindle that it can be run at high rates of speed with perfect steadiness, thereby
producing more yarn. We mount a shorter loose tube upon the aforesaid long
tube or collar and carry the bobbin upon this loose tube. The loose tube with
the bobbin slides upon the long collar and the bobbin might also he loosely
mounted on the tube thus increasing the relative ease of motion. To reduce
friction we might bush both the loose tube and the long collar with plumbago
bearings. To raise and lower the bobbins and loose tubes we provide a light
rising and falling rail with drag rings with which the lower ends of the bobbins
remain in contact. By varying the size and construction of these drag rings we
may vary the amount of drag on the bobbins.
To render our invention more fully understood we will now proceed to describe
the same more particularly, reference being had to the annexed sheet of illustrative
drawings.
Fig. 1 is a view of our improved spindle and parts, the rails and bearings being
shown in section.
Fig. 2 is a separate view of the loose independent tube which carries the bobbin.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the light lifting rail fitted with a reversible drag
ring.
Fig. 4 is a view of a drag ring fitted with balls to diminish the friction between
the ring and the bobbin in the spinning of fine counts for example.
The spindle is marked a aud the flyer b. The foot of the spindle runs in a step ¹
carried in a fixed rail c. The upper reduced length or blade a' of the spindle is
carried in bearings in a long tube or bolster d which is secured by nuts d' to a fixed
rail e.
The bolster d is formed with a ruff or flange № which rests upon the rail e
which latter is jambed between the nuts and the ruff. The bolster is thus
immovably fixed to the rail, and we make the bolster of sufficient strength and
stiffness to resist undue jar and vibration when the spindle is running at high
speeds. The interior of the bolster is formed at the top and bottom with bearings
inarked which embrace and support the spindle, or rather the reduced
extension a¹ of the spindle. These bearings may be made of white metal as in
the case of many spindles and be lubricated with oil, but we prefer to provide the
bearings with plumbago which does away with the necessity for using oil. The
top bearing d is close to the upper end of the spindle and the spindle being thus
supported in fixed bearings at the top, bottoni, and midway, runs with great
steadiness and freedom from vibration even at very high speeds such as from 8000
to 10,000 revolutions per minute. To the upper end of the spindle we fix the
Ayer in the usual manner. In making these flyers for our improved spindle we
deviate to some extent from the usual proportions of such flyers. For instance we
make the side members much stiffer than is nsual, up to within a short distance of
the curl, and the reason of our doing so is that at the high speeds at which we
run our spindles the arms of the ordinary flyer would spring out by centrifugal
force and strike the neighbouring flyers or otherwise spoil the work. But by our
improved proportion of flyer the high speeds have no such effect.
Upon the bolster d we mount loosely a short tube made with a flange f¹at
the foot and formed with internal bearings which may be formed with
or of plumbago to reduce friction. When such plumbago bearings are used the
absence of flying oil renders the yarn less liable to be spotted. In Fig. 2 we show
a separate external view of this loose tube.
The bobbing is placed upon this tube f, the tube being only a little longer than
the bobbin. If desired the bobbin might be as loose upon the tube as the tube is
upon the bolster. The yarn, shown by the line is represented coming down from
the guide above, lapping on the flyer arm and thence coiling on the bobbin. The
coiled-on portion of yarn on the bobbin is represented by the section marked h¹.
Beneath the bobbin and tube there appears the drag ring i which is carried on a
light rising and falling rail j, the said rail being moved in the usual manner by any

page_text: suitable mechanism so as to give the bobbin the necessary up and down motion.
The upper face of the drag ring is formed with an annular ridge upon which the
foot of the bobbin rests. The frictional contact: between this annular ridge and
the foot of the bobbin imparts the necessary drag to prevent the bobbin from
being pulled round too freely by the revolving flyer. This drag may be regulated
by using a ring with an annular ridge of a greater or less diameter.
For example the ring shown in Fig. 1 represents about the maximum amount of
drag, but by reducing the diameter of the annular ridge the drag would be
reduced..
To facilitate the changing of the drag we might fix double faced rings in a
reversible lifting rail as in Fig. 3. Here the drag ring i has two different faces
representing two different degrees of drag. The ring is fixed in a lifting rail j
which is easily reversible so that to change the drag, as for instance when spinning
a finer count of yarn it is only necessary to reverse the rail. For very fine counts
where it is desirable to reduce the drag as much as possible, we might fit the drag
ring with balls as in Fig. 4. The described improved arrangements are such that
we are enabled to drive our spindles at a greatly increased speed and to spin both
coarse and fine counts of yarns. The extreme freedom of motion accorded to the
bobbin by the use of the short independent carrying tube, prevents breakage or
straining of the yarn. The tube with the bobbin not only runs freely on the
bolster, but can also move up and down thereon, responding readily to the forces
which come into play during spinning, especially at such high speeds. The
improved means for adjusting the drag also contribute to the delicacy with which
the bobbin can be made to respond to the demands of the yarn.
In our Provisional Specification we intimated our intention to chase the exterior
of the fixed bolster right and left so as to retain lubricant better but experiment
has proved that there is little or no advantage in such cross chasing and we make
no claim in respect of the same especially as we now prefer plumbago bearings to
the use of oil or similar lubricants.
We do not contine ourselves to the spinning of cotton, for instance we might
spin worsted by our improved means in which case we would dispense with the
flyer and substitute a cap similar to the caps at present used in worsted spinning
but we might vary the said cap by making it of a conical, bell or other shape.
In flax spinning we might dispense with the indicated drag rings and use the
ordinary drag weights and cords used by flax spinners.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The general arrangement, construction and combination of parts comprising
our improved means for spinning and doubling cotton and other textile fibres
substantially as described and shown.
2. In a throstle or cognate spindle the combination of a fixed long supporting
tube or bolster such as d with a shorter separate and movable bobbin carrier or
tube f, for the purposes and substantially as described and shown.
3. In a throstle or cognate spindle having a fixed long supporting tube or bolster
and a shorter separate and movable hobbin carrying tube such as f, the combination
therewith of a drag ring such as i, carried by a light lifting rail, the said drag
ring being furnished with an annular ridge or it might be with balls, for the
purposes and substantially as described and shown.
4. In the combination referred to in Claim 3, the reversible drag ring and
lifting rail substantially as described and as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings.
5. The improved means for spinning and doubling consisting of the spindle
carrying a flyer and supported in a footstep in a fixed rail and in a fixed long
tube or bolster also carried ou a fixed rail, in combination with the loose bobbin
carrying tube, and drag ring carried by a light lifting rail and intended to

page_text: retard the revolution of the bobbin, all arranged, and acting in the manner, for
the purposes and substantially. as herein before described and illustrated!
Dated this:16th day of September:1895...
É.. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent' Agents,
For the Applicants: