Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances Heated by Gas.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1895-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances Heated by Gas.
We, JOSHUA VALENTINE EVES, of The Forth River Mill, Falls Road,
Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland, Mill Manager, WILLIAM DANIEL
O'BRIEN and LOUIS FREDERICK O'BRIEN, both of The Franklin Steam
Laundry, Franklin Street, Belfast, aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to appliances or apparatus which are heated with an
internal flame of gas mixed with air such as smoothing irons, calendering rollers,
the cylinders or rolls of smoothing machines, artificers furnaces for dental or other
work, stoves and other similar appliances.
In such appliances it has been customary for laundry, workshop and other use
to force into the burner a jet of mixed air and gas or to provide a jet of gas
which induces a current of air to enter with it, the products of combustion being
allowed to escape through apertures or a funnel for the most part into the
atmosphere direct from the appliance or directed by a pipe into an open flue. This
is very objectionable as the foul air and gases are deleterious to the workers
employed.
.
This invention is designed to provide for the effective removal or carrying
away of all products of combustion and noxious or deleterious vapours from
smoothing irons and other appliances internally heated by gas.
We find that by applying a positive exhaust to such appliances or apparatus a
more efficient result is obtained and any fouling of the atmosphere in the apart
ment by the escape of the products of combustion is prevented, and thus all
objection to their use from a sanitary point of view is removed.
It consists essentially in constructing the appliance with a closed combustion
chamber connected with a gas and air supply on the one hand, and on the other
with a positive exhaust set up by a fan or other contrivance whereby the gas
and air are drawn into the combustion chamber and the products of combustion
and drawn.away and delivered into a suitable flue or duct to conduct same outside
the building.
In carrying out the invention we construct the different appliances completely
enclosed or the part in which the burner is placed, closed, and we attach or
connect the same by means of a suitable pipe with an exhaust fan or similar
apparatus whereby all the products of combustion are drawn away. The air
and gas mixed is admitted by an inlet tube to the burner and is drawn in by
the exhaust, or may be admitted under pressure.
Instead of completely closing the chamber in which the combustion takes place
the burner may be constructed with an exhaust tube connected therewith so that
the products of combustion are carried away through the burner from the point
at which they are produced and thus prevent their escaping into the air in the
neighbourhood of the apparatus.
In either case the burner or inlet and exhaust pipes are preferably so
constructed and arranged that the waste heat from the products of combustion
are utilized to heat the inflowing current of gas and air.
As applied to smoothing irons we construct the appliance with a combustion
chamber in which is fitted a burner of any suitable construction to deliver a flame
upon the sole of the iron. This combustion chamber we close, to prevent the

page_text: escape around it of any of the products of combustion. Internally is fitted a
burner of suitable construction which delivers a flame against the sole.
This closed combustion chamber we connect with an exhaust created by a fan
or other suitable device whereby the supply of gas and air are drawn into the
chamber and all the products of combustion and fumes arising therefrom are
drawn away.
The gas
and air are admitted through a suitable supply pipe in the proper
proportion to effect complete combustion and the fan is set in a duct or flue
connected by a flexible tube with the iron, through which the heated gases are
drawn. This tube is preferably of flexible metallic tubing but must be of such
material as will stand a high degree of heat and the constant movement of
the iron.
In a modified form of construction the iron may be provided with a cover or
shield covering the top of the iron to which the exhaust tube is attached.
This shield or cover will extend over and embrace any apertures in the iron
and the exhaust from beneath it will collect and carry away all fumes arising
from the iron.
As applied to rollers and cylinders the ends of the rollers are closed and the
exhaust tube introduced in the form of a trunnion through the end bearing
preferably at the same end as the inlet pipe and either through the centre thereof
or surrounding it to impart the waste heat thereto.
As applied to artificers furnaces, stoves or the like, the combustion chamber is
closed when the furnace or fire is in operation and is connected with a tube to
the exhaust shaft of a fan or the like.
We prefer to arrange the exhaust pipe and the air and gas inlet pipe and
burner so that the heated products as they leave will heat the gas and air before
entering the combustion chamber. These pipes may be constructed with one
inside the other with suitable nozzles for attaching the respective tubes.
This invention may be applied to internally heated smoothing irons in which
charcoal or similar fuel is employed.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances Heated by Gas.
We, JOSHUA VALENTINE EVES, of The Forth River Mill, Falls Road,
Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland, Mill Manager, WILLIAM DANIEL
O'BRIEN, and LOUIS FREDERICK O'BRIEN, both of The Franklin Steam
Laundry, Franklin Street, Belfast, aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to appliances or apparatus which are heated with an
internal flame of gas mixed with air such as smoothing irons, calendering rolls,
the cylinders or rolls of smoothing machines, artificers furnaces for dental or
other work, stoves and other similar appliances.
We find that the present arrangement of these appliances is very objectionable
as all the foul air gases and other products of combustion are precipitated into
the atmosphere proving very deleterious to the workers employed. Hitherto it
has been customary for laundry and workshop purposes to force into the burner
of the apparatus a jet of mixed air and gas or to provide a gas jet with an
induced air current entering the burner with it, providing apertures through

page_text: we connect this enclosed combustion chamber A by means of a suitable pipe C
with an exhaust fan D whereby all the products of combustion are drawn away
therefrom. The combustion chamber A is completely closed with the exception
of the aperture to which the exhaust is attached and another aperture by which the
gas and air are admitted to the burner B by the inlet pipe E. The exhaust pipe C
is connected with a conduit in which the fan D is placed the inlet pipe E is
connected with the gas supply pipe G and is provided with holes or apertures H
through which air enters.
Referring first to Figs. 1 to 17 the invention is illustrated as applied to a
smoothing iron.
In Figs. 2 to 6 the iron is constructed internally hollow forming a combustion
chamber A which is tightly closed to prevent the escape of any gases therefrom
at any of the joints. In the closed combustion chamber A is fitted the burner B
which may be of any ordinary or convenient form to effect the combustion of a
mixture of gas and air and deliver a flame downwards upon the sole plate of the
iron. To the closed combustion chamber A preferably by means of an auxiliary
chamber a is fitted an exhaust pipe C by which all products of combustion are
drawn away. The exhaust pipe is connected with the shaft or duct F and the
fan D. The exhaust pipe C is flexible to allow of the movement of the iron and
of suitable material to resist the action of heat and at present we employ a flexibly
jointed metallic tubing. The burner B in the combustion chamber is attached to
the gas and air supply pipe E which connects with the gas supply pipe G and is
provided with air inlets H. In this construction the smoothing iron opens on the
top the pipe E enters through the side and a swivelling plate Jis provided to close
the hole through which the gas may be ignited. K is a shield to protect the hand
of the operative from heat radiated from the top surface of the iron aud Lis an
aperture closed with mica through which the flame can be seen. The exhaust
draws away all products of combustion and at the same time draws in through the
burner the required supply of gas and air though if found necessary these may
have pressure applied to force in the desired quantity.
In Figs. 7 and 8 a form of construction is shown in which the combustion
chamber A is cast open and then closed at the back or end of the iron the gas
inlet tube E entering either through the side as in Fig. 7 corresponding with the
arrangement shown in Fig. 5 or through the end as in Fig. 8.
In Figs. 9 to 13 a modified construction of the smoothing iron is shown with
the pipe E which attaches to the burner B passing through the auxiliary chamber a
in order to heat the gas and air before they enter the burner by the heat contained
in the products of combustion. The other parts are similar to those described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 6.
In Figs. 9, 10, and 11ª a further modification of construction of the smoothing
iron is shown the auxiliary chamber being extended at the side of the iron to
embrace the inlet pipe E for the purpose of heating the air and gas by the exhaust
products of combustion as they are drawn off. The other parts are as described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 6.
It is to be understood that the exhaust pipe C and inlet pipe E and the burner B
may be attached or connected to the combustion chamber A or interior of the iron
in any suitable manner to allow of all the products of combustion being drawn
away by the pipe C.
In Figs. 14 to 17 the iron is provided with a chamber A' formed by a cover or
plate a placed above the top with an overhanging edge and a slit or apertures
extending all the way round. The combustion chamber A" may be made with
apertures in the front or sites as is usually the case through which the products of
combustion escape and rise up into the chamber A'. The exhaust pipe C is
attached to the cover or plate a' and connects with the chamber A¹ from which
the air is constantly being drawn. As the cover or plate a¹ which also forms a
shield extends over and embraces all apertures in the iron the exhaust through the
chamber A will collect and carry away all fumes arising from the iron. Figs. 14

page_text: and 15 show an iron opening for ignition at the end and Figs. 16 and 17.one
opening at top. The inlet pipe E may be attached in any convenient position.
Referring to Figs. 18 to 20 the invention is shown as applied to a roll smoothing
or calendering machine. The top roll L is constructed with an internal closed
combustion chamber A in which the burner B is placed to which air and gas are
supplied in proper proportions to effect complete combustion through the pipe B¹..
The combustion chamber A has also attached to it an exhaust pipe C connected to
a conduit F in which is fitted the fan D. In Figs. 18 and 19 the free end of the
roll L is closed by a plate affixed thereto through which the supply pipe B' of
the burner enters and the end supported by the journal M is formed with a hollow
trunnion or shaft L' provided with perforations l'entering into an exhaust chamber.cl
to which the exhaust pipe C is attached. In Figs. 20 and 21 the free end of the
roll L is closed by a loose plate N held thereto by springs n n' bearing against the
outer side of it. The supply pipe B₁ passes through the loose plate N as does-
also the exhaust pipe C. The springs n n' surround the ends of the pipes B and C
one end of each spring bears against the plate N and the other against a flange or
shoulder on the pipe. One or two openings closed by swivelling plates n" of talc
are provided in the plate N through which the burner can be ignited and the
interior of the chamber examined.
Referring to Figs. 22 and 23 the invention is shown applied to a burner B₁ in
such a way that the products of combustion may all be drawn away before escaping
into the atmosphere. The burner may be applied to any form of gas heated
apparatus and is placed in a combustion chamber. It is constructed with two
chambers O and O to one of which is attached the gas and air inlet pipe E and
to the other the exhaust pipe C. The chamber O is formed. with a number of
perforations o through which the combustible compound of gas and air passes and
the exhaust chamber O' is formed with a longitudinal slit or a number of
perforations o' through which the products of combustion are drawn in.
Referring to Fig. 24 the invention is shown applied to a furnace or stove such
as is used by dentists or for dental purposes. It is constructed with a closed
combustion chamber A in which is placed the boiler or heating receptacle P.
A burner B is placed in the chamber A below the boiler P gas and air being
supplied by the inlet pipe E and air holes H. To the side (or other convenient
place) of the chamber A is fitted the exhaust pipe C which is attached to the
conduit F and connected with the fan D.
Referring to Fig. 25 the invention is shown applied to an artificers furnace for
heating metal articles. The interior of the furnace which forms the closed
combustion chamber A has placed at or near the bottom the gas burner. The
exhaust pipe C is fitted at the top of the furnace and is attached to the conduit F
whereby it is connected to the exhaust fan D.
This invention may be applied to internally heated smoothing irons and similar
appliances in which charcoal and similar fuel is employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. A gas heated apparatus or appliance constructed with a closed combustion
chamber connected by means of a suitable flexible or other pipe with an exhaust
duct and exhaust fan or other exhaust apparatus whereby all products of
combustion are drawn away without escaping into the compartment substantially
as described.
2. A smoothing iron constructed with a closed combustion chamber and a
burner placed therein, a flexible. exhaust pipe at one end attached to the chamber
and at the other connected to a conduit and exhaust fan or other exhaust apparatus
by which all products of combustion are drawn away and flexible inlet pipes
connected to the burner and to the gas and air supply pipes substantially as
described.

page_text: 3. In an ironing machine an internally heated roll with a closed combustion
chamber which the burner is placed in and an exhaust pipe attached to or connected
with an exhaust fan or other exhaust apparatus by which all products of combustion
are drawn off and carried away substantially as described.
4. A gas heated furnace constructed with a closed combustion chamber and a
burner placed therein in combination with an exhaust appliance and an exhaust
pipe attached thereto whereby all products of combustion are drawn off and carried
away substantially as described.
5. A gas heated smoothing iron constructed substantially as herein described
and shown with reference either to Figs. 1 to 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figs. 9 to 13,
or Figs. 94, 104, 114, Figs. 14 and 15, or Figs. 16 and 17 of the drawings.
6. A gas heated smoothing machine having the several parts constructed and
arranged in combination substantially as described and shown with reference to
either of the Figs. 18 and 19 or Figs. 20 and 21 of the drawings.
7. An exhaust burner for gas heated apparatus constructed substantially as
described and shown with reference to Figs. 22 and 23.
8. A gas heated furnace constructed in combination with an exhaust apparatus
substantially as described and shown with reference to Fig. 24 or Fig. 25 of the
drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.