IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AWNINGS, TENTS, AND COVERING CLOTHS, AND IN WATERPROOFING THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS, PATENT to Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, of Thurloe
Place, South Kensington, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AWNINGS, TENTS,
AND COVERING CLOTHS, AND IN WATERPROOFING THE SAME."
Sealed the 17th October 1862, and dated the 22nd April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Henry Cradock
Monckton at the Office of the Commissioners. of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd April 1862.
I, EDWARD HENRY CRADOCK MONCKTON, of Thurloe Place, South Ken-
sington, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention' for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AWNINGS,
TENTS, AND COVERING CLOTHS, AND IN' WATERPROOFING THE SAME," to be a's
follows:-
The materials or fabrics used in the manufacture of umbrellas, tents,
awnings, and cloths are to be rendered waterproof by the following methods':
The first process consists in passing the fabrics through a solution of wax or
wax' and' resin in hot oils of any description, and thence through or between
rollers, which while expressing the greater part of the hot solution will leave
a sufficient portion thereof to render the fabric water or rain proof. The
second
process consists in the addition of solutions of gums and resins to oil
and wax melted together, and applied as above described. The third process

page_text: consists in steeping the fabrics in a strong solution of soap in water, to which
alum is then to be added till precipitation ceases, and subjecting it to pressure
by rolling or otherwise, so as to incorporate the soap and alum into the body
of the cloth; the cloth when dry will be found to be for the most part water-
proof; where additional security is desired it must be further treated as above
described. The fabrics are to be furnished with colors or patterns by printing
or otherwise, in order to ornament umbrellas and parasols, awnings, tents,
and cloths, whereby they will preserve a clean and gay appearance for a
considerable time.
I propose to apply to the stick of the umbrella or parasol near the handle
a circular or other suitably shaped sliding piece, with one or more spring
catches in it, which when slid forward will rest against a ring or projection on
the stick, and thus form a support to the hand when carrying the open
umbrella; when it is closed the sliding piece can be pushed back upwards,
and be thus removed out of the way of the umbrella folds, and retained there
by the spring catch falling into a nick. In lieu of spring catches a ring or
piece of vulcanized india-rubber may be inserted in the sliding piece, which
will cause a sufficient pressure to retain it in any desired position; by the
adoption of either of these methods the stick or handle is not weakened.
I also propose to apply to umbrellas and parasols small funnels; and tubes,
or in lieu of them water channels of any construction, whereby the water
may be diverted into a fixed course and not wet the person carrying them ;
the same principle may be applied, where desirable, to tents and awnings. As
an example of my Invention, I place small funnels by their larger orifices to
the ends of the ribs of an umbrella, and attach the other ends of them by
pairs to the ends of small india-rubber or other tubes to be hung in festoons,
and from the centres of these tubes so hung I arrange similar tubes uniting
in one common tube, from the hinder end of which the collected stream would
pass off, so as to avoid wetting the carrier with water dropping from the
various ribs, and to enable him to divert the final tube into any desired direc-
tion. Any other arrangement may be made, either with tubes or channels:
made of any suitable material, and connected with the umbrella in any
desired form; thus a margin or border of oiled silk might be sewed on to the
outer edge of the umbrella, and its outer margin made to fit into a channel
or made to fold and loop upwards and so form a channel or receptacle, along
which the water would flow till it made its exit from a final orifice or tube..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Henry Cradock Monckton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
HENRY CRADOCK MONCкTON, of Thurloe Place, South Kensington; in the
County of Middlesex, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, Her special licence that I, the
said Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Henry Cradock Monckton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AWNINGS, TENTS, AND COVERING CLOTHS, AND IN WATER-
PROOFING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Henry Cradock Monckton,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
-
According to this Invention the materials or fabrics used in the manufacture
of umbrellas, tents, awnings, and cloths are to be rendered waterproof by the
following methods:-The first process consists in passing the fabrics through
a solution of wax or wax and resin in hot oils of any description, and thence
through or between rollers, which, while expressing the greater part of the
hot solution, will leave a sufficient portion thereof to render the fabric water
or rain proof. The second process consists in the additions of solutions of
gums and resins to oil and wax melted together; and applied as above

page_text: described. The third process consists in steeping the fabrics in a strong solu-
tion of soap and water, to which alum is then to be added till precipitation.
ceases, and subjecting it to pressure by rolling or otherwise, so as to incor-
porate the soap and alum into the body of the cloth; the cloth when dry will
be found to be for the most part waterproof; where additional security is
desired it must be further treated as above described. The fabrics are to
be furnished with colors or patterns by printing or otherwise, in order to orna-
ment umbrellas and parasols, awnings, tents, and cloths, whereby they will
preserve a clean and gay appearance for a considerable time.
I apply to the stick of the umbrella or parasol near the handle a circular
or other suitably shaped sliding piece, with one or more spring, catches in it,
which when slid forward will rest against a ring or projection on the stick,.
and thus form a support to the hand when carrying the open umbrella; when
it is closed the sliding piece can be pushed back upwards, and be thus
removed out of the way of the umbrella folds, and retained there by the
spring catch falling into a nick. In lieu of spring catches a ring or piece of
vulcanised india-rubber may be inserted in the sliding piece, which will cause
a sufficient pressure to retain it in any desired, position; by the adoption of
either of these methods the stick or handle is, not weakened.
I also apply to umbrellas and parasols small funnels, and tubes, or in lieu
of them water channels of any construction, whereby the water may be
diverted into a fixed course, and not wet the person carrying them; the same,
principle may be applied, when desirable, to tents and awnings. As an
example of my Invention, I place small funnels by their larger orifices to
the ends of the ribs of an umbrella, and attach the other ends of them by
pairs to the ends of small india-rubber, or other tubes to, be hung in festoons,
and from the centres of these tubes so, hung I arrange similar tubes uniting
in one common tube, from the hinder, end of which the collected stream passes
off, so as to avoid wetting the carrier with water dripping from the various
ribs, and to enable him, to divert the final tube into any desired direction.
Any other arrangement may be made, either with tubes or channels made of
any suitable material, and connected with the umbrella in any desired form;
thus a margin or border of oiled silk might be sewed on to the outer edge of
the umbrella, and its outer margin made to fit into a channel, or made to fold.
and loop. upwards, and so form a channel or receptacle, along which the
water would flow till it made its exit from a final orifice or tube.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I do not limit myself to the precise details
1 have described, as they may obviously be varied or modified without in.

page_text: any way departing from the principles of the Invention; but I claim and
desire to be secured to me by the herein in part recited Letters Patent are,
the 66
Improvements in Umbrellas, Parasols, Awnings, Tents, and Covering
Cloths, and in Waterproofing the same," substantially in the manner herein
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE,
Agent for Patents,
4, Trafalgar Square,
Charing Cross..
E. H. C. MONCKTON. (L.S.)