Improvements in Machines for Grinding or Finishing Ball Cups and Cones or other Articles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 15th Oct., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Grinding or Finishing Ball Cups and
Cones or other Articles.
I, REGINALD HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Bucking-
ham Street, Strand, London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention a communication to me from abroad by Walter Charles Baker, of
Cleveland, State of Ohio, in the United States of America, Mechanical Engineer,
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:--
This invention relates to machines, more especially adapted for automatically
grinding or finishing cones, both on the outer surface and in the interior, and,
also for finishing or grinding the interior of ball cups or races, and other like
articles which are finished in the interior or on the exterior, or are finished both
in the interior and on the exterior.
The invention consists in the peculiar construction of the machine, as a whole,
whereby the article is finished, both on the exterior and in the interior, at one and
the same time, and with one and the same chucking.
The invention also consists in the peculiar construction operation, arrangement
and location of certain slide rests, which are secured, adjustably to the bed of the
machine, and are automatically operated back and forth, across or in line with,
the surface to be finished or ground. The invention consists, further, in details
of construction, which will be hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.
In the drawings, Fig. I is a view, in perspective of a machine constructed accord-
ing to this invention.
Fig. II is a view in side elevation of a slide rest supporting and operating the
grinding wheel, for acting on or grinding, the outer surface of the article as it is
rotated in the collet of the machine. This figure, also shows the operating cam
and the method of connecting the same with a slide rest which is operated thereby.
Fig. III is a view of the slide rest, looking at the same from a point at right
angles to Fig. II.
Fig. IV is a plan of the slide rest, illustrating the method of reciprocating the
same along the line of work and, also illustrating the operation of the several
adjusting devices and their relation with each other.
Fig. V is a view in rear elevation of the slide rest which supports and operates
the wheel for operating on the interior surface of the article as it rotates in the
collet.
Fig. VI is a view in side elevation of the same slide rest showing more clearly
the cam mechanism and connecting lever, whereby this slide rest is reciprocated
along the line of work. This view also illustrates the arrangement of a
ball bearing mechanism, provided for the wheel's spindle.
Fig. VII is a plan view of the slide rest showing more clearly the relation of the
adjusting features and also showing the hand operating lever which is designed
to be used more especially in finishing the interior of anti friction ball cups or
races.
Tio
VIII is a bottom view of a portion of the forward slide rest.

page_text: Figs. IX and X are respectively sectional and plan views illustrating the rack
and pinion construction and the lever arrangement for accomplishing the auto-
matic reciprocation of the grinding wheel which acts on the exterior or outer
surface of the article. Fig. IX also illustrates the swiveling arrangement for this
slide.
A represents the bed of the machine which is mounted upon legs B B. C repre-
sents the head of the machine which operates a collet of suitable construction for
grasping retaining and rotating the article to be operated upon. A suitable pulley
is provided which receives its motion through a belt, whereby the collet and the
article retained therein is rotated. I represents a grinding wheel which is inde-
pendently mounted and independently driven. This grinding wheel 1) is so located
adjusted and operated as to grind or operate on the exterior of a rotating article,
thus truing and finishing the outer surface of the same.
The method of mounting, operating and adjusting the grinding wheel D is
illustrated in Figs. I, II, III, and IV and is as follows:
--
At one side of the bed A is provided a dove tailed way A¹. This dove tailed
way A¹ is engaged by a dove tailed recess, provided at one side of the base F of
the slide rest. It is by means of the way A¹ and the dove tailed groove or recess
above set forth, that the slide rest may be adjusted along the length of the bed A
as desired or found necessary. The slide rest is retained in any pre-determined
position along the bed A by means of screws a a which bear against a gib which in
turn bears against the way A¹. The loosening or tightening of the screws a a,
allows the slide rest to be moved or retained in place.
F represents a recess formed in the upper part of the base F. This recess Fl
is adapted to receive a journal G which fits said recess, and projects downward from
and forms part of a section G¹ of the slide rest. The journal G fits into the
recess in such a manner as to revolve therein or in other words it is swiveled
therein, allowing the rest above the base to assume any angle relative to the bed
of the machine or the work that is found desirable or necessary; this construction
and operation is illustrated in Figs. III and IV by dotted lines and in Fig. IX
in section.
ff represent bosses, one on each side of a split F2 which is formed through the
upper portion of the base F and into the recess F¹. The bosses f f are engaged by
a clamp screw F the function of which is to contract the recess F¹ by contracting
the split F and thus to hold the journal G in position after the rest has been
properly adjusted at this portion.
In order to facilitate this angular adjustment between the base F and the
section G¹, I prefer to provide a suitable scale g which co-operates with a suitable
pointer or line to determine the horizontal angle of the upper portion of the slide
rest, or more properly speaking, the wheel D in relation to the work. It will be
understood that the scale g is provided to one section and the co-operating pointer
or mark is provided to the other section.
G and H represent a dove tailed slide connection, formed at the upper face of
the section G₁, allowing the section H to be reciprocated and, also adjusted in
relation to the section G¹.
The method of adjusting and reciprocating the section H is as follows:-
H represents a bar, properly seated in the upper face of sections G¹ so as to be
free to slide in said section. To the outer end of the bar H is secured an adjust-
ing nut H2 which engages a male screw thread on the end of the bar H. The
nut H2 is journaled in a bearing provided at the end of the section H. Thus it
will be seen that as the nut H2 is turned in one direction or the other the section H
will be adjusted in relation to the section G¹. The bar H4, at its inner end is
formed into a rack H₂ which engages a pinion I.
The pinion I is mounted on the upper end of a vertical shaft I¹ which extends
through and bears in section G¹ and base F. At the lower end of the shaft I' is
secured an arm I said arm being bifurcated or provided with an elongated slot for
the purpose of regulating the range of feed or reciprocation. The arm I is ad-

page_text: justably connected to the short arm j' of a pivotal lever J, by means of adjusting
stud J which may be of any suitable construction adapted to change or regulate
the relation between the lever J and the arm 12. The construction and operation
above set forth, is illustrated in dotted lines in Figs. III and IV and more clearly
in Figs. IX and X. The lever J. is pivoted at j to the base F and the end of its
long arm J is provided with a roller J³ which engages with a cam K. The cam K
oscillates the lever J, which motion is communication through the arm 1 to
shaft I and thence to the pinion I. The pinion I engages the rack H³ on the
bar H and reciprocates the section H and with it the wheel 1) thus automatically
feeding the wheel D along the line of the outer surface of the article to be
finished or operated upon (see Fig. IV of the drawings.)
By the above construction of adjusting and reciprocating mechanism, it will
be seen that the slide H may be adjusted in relation to the section G¹ without
regard to the reciprocating device, or without altering the relation of the recipro-
cating device to the parts, or altering the range of feed. This is accomplished
by adjusting the hand nut H².
H and L represent a dove tailed slide connection formed between the upper
face of section II and the lower face of section L. The slide connection H and L'
is located so as to be approximately at a right angle to the slide connection,
between sections G and H and is used for the purpose of setting the grinding
wheel D in relation to the work. Or, in other words, this adjustment is used for
the purpose of regulating the cut of the wheel D. The adjusting device for operat-
ing this slide connection is constructed and operated as follows:
L³ represents a screw threaded spindle or feed screw, having at its outer end
the usual hand wheel L². The spindle or feed screw L³ journaled at its outer end
in section L, is illustrated in Figs. II and IV of the drawings. L represents a
sliding nut, or block (see Fig. VIII) which fits into a seat in section H, in such
a way as to slide in said section, when not locked in position. The screw threaded
portion of spindle or feed screw L³ engages the female screw thread of nut or
block L and when said nut or block L is locked in position the turning of the
spindle or feed screw L³ will adjust the section L in or out, in relation to the
section H.
In order that the wheel D may be quickly removed away from the work without
altering the adjustment of the wheel B in relation to the work, when said wheel
is again returned to operative positions, I provide a locking device or quick lever
movement device which is constructed and operates as follows:-
-
M represents a lever, which is pivoted at to one side of section H. The
lever M is provided with a slot m which engages a stud 12. The stud h² in turn
being secured to sliding block or nut L*.
M represents a lever pivoted centrally to the lever M at or near the free end of
said lever M. The handle of the lever M' is in proximity to the handle M² of
lever M. The opposite end of the lever M¹ engages a spring pin or latch M³ which,
in turn, engages with section H. Thus it will be seen that when spring pin or
latch M3 is disengaged from slide H the lever M may be drawn away, carrying
with it the block or nut L' and the slide or section L, thus removing the wheel D
quickly from the work. Upon the return of the lever M to its normal or first
position, or locked position, the wheel D assumes the same position in relation to
the work that it occupied before the lever M was released, and hence the wheel D
need not be readjusted by feeding the slide or section L, to and from the work,
by means of the feed screw or spindle L³. It will also be seen that a slow and
fine adjustment is obtained between section H and L, by means of a spindle L³
and at the same time the section L, and with it the wheel D, can be quickly with-
drawn from the work. It will also be seen that the quick action above set forth,
is accomplished in a straight line, in contra-distinction to a curved line, both to
and from the work. This is an essential feature for the reason that where the
quick action is accomplished in a curved line from the work, as around an axis,
the wheel D is liable to become misadjusted from its former position in relation to

page_text: the work, on account of foreign matter which may work between the moving parts
while in my construction foreign matter does not effect the relative relation of the
parts which always return or recede at a right angle to the range of feed or the
surface being cut.
The section L is provided with suitable housings N N which sustain the bear-
ings and spindle or shaft of the wheel D. The peculiar bearings of this spindle
and the spindle of the wheel E operating in the interior of the article, as illus-
trated in Fig. VI of the drawings, will be fully set forth, hereinafter,
The
E represents a grinding wheel mounted on the spindle E¹. The wheel E is of
such size as to easily enter and freely revolve within the bore, or interior of the
article which is to be operated upon or finished. The bearings of the spindle E
are mounted in housings U U. The housings U U are preferably formed in one
casting, as illustrated in Fig. 6 and provided with a base U₁, which is swiveled
to that part of the slide rest which supports and directly operates the same.
object of swiveling the housing of the spindle E' is to allow the changing of the
angle of the grinding wheel E in relation to the work, either for the purpose of
giving the said wheel a clearance or for the purpose of presenting a proper grind-
ing or abrading surface to the surface to be removed. A stud is provided for
the purpose of tightening the housing in position after the same has been set.
In my machine it is designed that the wheel E shall have a range of feed, equal
or slightly in excess of the length of the surface or bore to be ground and it is
also designed that it shall have an auto-matic movement back and forth through
this range of feed. It is further designed that the wheel E shall be so mounted as
to have an independent quick movement for removing or retracting the wheel,
for the purpose of gauging placing or removing the article being operated upon.
This quick movement does not interfere with the adjustment of the wheel E in
its relation to the work.
In order to attain the above objects the wheel E is mounted and operated as
follows;
O represents the base of the slide rest upon which the wheel is mounted and
operated. The base rests upon the shears of the bed A and has a tenon (2 which
extends down from the base and fills the space between the cheeks of the bed A.
Secured to the base O, and extending downward therefrom is a rod O' which is
provided at its lower end with a screw thread adapted to engage the female screw
thread of a hand wheel 03. The rod O¹ passes through a cross bar 04 extending
from side to side across the bottom of the bed A, and the hand wheel 03 in con-
nection with said cross bar and the rod O' acts as a clamp to hold the slide rest in
any predetermined position on the bed A. The slide rest has a range of adjusta-
bility the full length of the bed A.
Pi represents a dove tailed slide, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6). The direc-
tion of the slide P¹ is approximately at a right angle to the bed A or in other
words is in a direction across the machine. The usual adjusting screw P2 and
hand wheel P³ are used for adjusting or setting this slide. Slide P¹ connects the
base with the section P of the slide rest, and is employed for the purpose of set-
ting the wheel E to the proper cut, and hence determines the depth of the cut of
the wheel E upon the surface of the bore, or upon the inner surface of the article
operated upon.
Secured to the upper surface of the section P, by means of a dove tailed slide R³,
is a section R of the slide rest. This section R is formed in two parts S, S¹. The
part Shaving sliding relation with the part S in a direction with the length of
the machine, and the axial line of the article being operated upon.
The two part section E and its swiveled housings U U and the attached wheel E
are automatically reciprocated by means of a cam R³ which engages a lever R
by means of a roll R6. The roller R6 is mounted on the lower end of the lever R
and engages the cam groove. The lever R² is provided, at its central portion with
an elongated slot r, through which passes the adjusting stud or pivot bolt r. The
pivot bolt r engages an elongated slot in a bracket R3 which in turn is secured to

page_text: the base of the slide rest. The moving of the stud or pivot pin up or down
will adjust the throw or range of reciprocation of the section. S and S¹. The upper
end of the lever R2 is pivotally attached to the rear end of the section R, by means of
a pivot bar R. The pivot bar extends from side to side of the section R, at its
rear end and is pivoted in lugs preferably formed integral with the said sec-
tion. Thus it will be seen that as the cam R5 revolves the lever R8 is oscillated and
in turn reciprocates the section R back and forth through the range of feed.
The object in making the section R in two parts, S and S¹ is for the purpose of
allowing the upper part S¹ to be slid back quickly when it is desired to guage,
remove, or replace the work. The part S¹ may be held in position on the part S
by friction or if desired, a clamp screw S³ may be employed to clamp said parts
together. Suitable stops not shown are provided for limiting the forward and rear-
ward movement of the part S¹ on the part S. By this construction the wheel E
can be quickly removed from the work, when desired and again quickly returned to
the work in proper feeding position, without altering the adjustment or set of the
wheel in relation to the work.
In order to provide for reciprocating the wheel E, by hand independent of the
cam movement, I have provided a lever T. The lever T is pivoted to the part S,
of the section R, at T2 and at one end is provided with a handle T¹. At the oppo-
site end the lever T is provided with an elongated slot which engages a pin or
stud T which in turn is secured to the top of the part S' of section R. Thus it
will be seen that by moving the lever T back and forth a limited movement is
obtained, thus reciprocating the wheel E independently of the cam movement. The
lever T is more especially valuable, as an adjunct to the machine when grinding
or finishing ball cups or races.
By the construction above set forth it will be seen that the wheel E can be
quickly taken from the work and returned to the same in a straight line, in con-
tra distinction to a curved movement, such as would result by employing a turn
table or swivel connection. This allows the wheel E to retain its adjusted posi-
tion, in relation to a cut, which would not result, or might not result in the
swivelled or turn table construction.
I will now proceed to set forth the construction of the bearings for the spindles
of the grinding wheels D and E which are constructed in the same manner. In
describing these bearings attention is called to Fig. VI of the drawings which at
its upper portion, shows a sectional view taken through the housings and bearings.
U. U, represents the housings the end view of which is illustrated more clearly
in Fig. V of the drawings. The housings U U are formed large enough to receive
ball cups 17. The ball cups face each other at their open ends and are con-
fined in the housings U U by means of caps 2, 2. The caps 22 are secured to
housings UU by means of suitable screws.
44 represent balls which run in the recess of cups 11 and bear on cones 5 5 which
are secured to the spindle E. The cones 5 5 revolve with spindle E¹ and hence
fit said spindle snugly.
Retaining rings are employed for keeping the balls 44 in position while assem-
bling the parts, 6 6 represent discs which surround the shaft or spindle E' loosely
and fit the open ends of the cups 11 snugly or tightly. 88 represent two annular
discs of felt or analogous material which surround the spindle E¹ inside of the
dises 6, 6, and prevent dust or water from working into the bearings.
In order to adjust the bearings, have provided one of the cups 1, preferably,
the rear one, with an exterior screw thread p and provided a disc q with an in-
ternal screw thread. which engages the screw thread p. Thus it will be scen
that by tightening the disc 9 against the housing UU the cup 1 is drawn inward,
thus adjusting the bearings in both housings. By providing ball bearings a
spindle of larger diameter may be used, and at the same time a high rate of speed
attained. This is a very desirable feature, inasmuch as when spindles of small
diameter are used, as are necessary with an ordinary hearing, when a high rate of
speed is desired, there is more or less vibration of the spindle and its attached

page_text: grinding wheel and hence the work cannot be crowded, nor a deep cut be made.
With the construction of bearing illustrated and described herein a heavier or
thicker shaft or spindle can be used, and at the same time a high rate of speed
attained without heating the journal or bearings. The end thrust of the shaft in
its reciprocation is sustained by the balls, ball cups and cones, instead of being
sustained by the ordinary shoulders of the shaft as in ordinary bearings.
Cams K and R are mounted and revolved upon a shaft W, which extends along
the interior of the bed A. The cams K and R are connected to the shaft W by
means of a spline allowing the said cams to be moved longitudinally on the
shaft W, and thus keep them in proper relation to their levers and to the slide rest.
The method of moving the cams K and R³ with the slide rest is as illustrated in
Fig. II of the drawings, by means of an arm Y, which is connected to the cam in
such a manner as to move it along the shaft W as the slide rest is moved and at
the same time allow it to revolve freely and retain it in proper relation to the slide
rest and its lever. As illustrated in Fig. VI of the drawings the cam R5 is en-
closed between a yoke composed of arms Y¹ Y₁ extending downward from the
base and secured to said base and thus it will be seen that as the slide rest is
moved along the bed A the cam R5 retains its relative position with the lever R³.
While I have set forth and described in this application details of construction
which in my opinion are best adapted to perform the several functions allotted to
them still I do not wish to be understood as limiting my invention to these details,
inasmuch as they may be varied without departing from the scope of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a grinding machine of the character set forth, the combination with the
wheel for grinding the exterior of the article of a slide rest upon which said wheel
is mounted and is operated said slide rest being adjustable along the length of
the bed of the machine, adjustable horizontally in a circle in relation to its base,
and adjustable in directions at right angles to each other, substantially as shown
and described.
2. In a grinding machine of the character set forth the combination with a
rotary chuck adapted to hold and rotate the article of a reciprocating exterior
grinding wheel mounted and operating upon an adjustable slide rest said slide
rest being swiveled to a base, the base in turn adapted to be adjusted along the bed
of the machine and means for automatically reciprocating said grinding wheel
above the swiveled connection substantially as set forth.
3. In a grinding machine of the character set forth the combination with a
rotary chuck of a rotating and reciprocating grinding wheel or cutter adapted to
operate upon the exterior of the article said grinding wheel swiveled in relation
to the bed of the machine and the chuck for the purpose of regulating the range of
feed, and means for adjusting the extent of the reciprocation and the cut located
above said swiveled portion with means for automatically reciprocating the grind-
ing wheel or cutter along the range of feed substantially as set forth.
4. In a grinding machine of the character set forth, the combination with a
rotary chuck of grinding wheels mounted and operated upon slide rests said slide
rests being adjustable along the length of the bed of the machine and both pro-
vided with sections which are automatically reciprocated thus in turn recipro-
cating their respective grinding wheels and sections movable in relation to said
automatically reciprocated sections said movement being in the same direction as
the reciprocation whereby the wheels may be removed from their work quickly
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. In a grinding machine of the character set forth, the combination with the
rotating chuck for holding and rotating the article to be operated upon of a grind-
ing wheel or cutter said grinding wheel or cutter being mounted upon and auto-

page_text: matically reciprocated by a suitably operated slide rest said slide rest in turn
being provided with means substantially as set forth, whereby the grinding wheel
may be quickly removed from the work, in line with its range of feed or recipro-
cation, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6. In a grinding machine of the character set forth, the combination with the
rotating chuck adapted to hold and rotate the article to be operated upon of a
grinding wheel for operating upon the interior of the article said wheel being
mounted upon a slide rest which is automatically reciprocated with the axis of
the article thus in turn reciprocating said wheel in combination with an adjust-
able lever and a cam operating in conjunction with said lever to automatically
reciprocate the said slide rest and wheel, the cam in turn being so connected to
said slide rest as to move with the same as the slide rest is adjusted along the
length of the machine substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
7. In a grinding machine of the character set forth, the combination with a
rotating chuck for holding and rotating the article to be operated upon of a grind-
ing wheel or cutter for operating up on the exterior of the article said grinding
wheel or cutter being mounted upon an automatically reciprocated slide rest said
slide rest being swiveled and adjustable lengthwise in relation to the bed of the
machine and a rack and pinion mechanism located above the swiveled portion of
the slide rest a shaft connected to said pinion and adjustable rocking levers con-
nected with and operated by a cam for the purpose of automatically reciprocating
the upper portion of the slide rest said cam being so connected to the slide rest as
to move with the same as the slide rest is adjusted along the bed of the machine
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8. The combination in a grinding machine of a rotating chuck grinding wheels
operating upon the interior and exterior of the article means for adjusting said
grinding wheels in relation to the work means for removing said grinding wheel
from the work independent of the reciprocating mechanism and cams and operat-
ing adjustable levers for automatically reciprocating the grinding wheel both
cams being mounted upon and operated by a single shaft and both cams being
movable along the shaft substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
9. The combination in a grinding machine of a rotary chuck a rotary recipro-
cating interior grinding wheel, a rotary reciprocating exterior grinding wheel
means for automatically reciprocating both wheels along their range of feed means
for adjusting both wheels in relation to the work means for adjusting both wheels
along the bed of the machine and in relation to such bed means for horizontally
adjusting both wheels in relation to the work cams and adjustable levers with suit-
able intervening mechanism for automatically reciprocating said wheels along
their range of feed or line of work and independent means for removing the wheels
from the work in a line with the range of feed, without interfering with the set
of said wheels substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 09.1 1
. 1000