Improvements in Screws, Screw-nails, and Screw-shanks Various Articles, also applicable to Boring-tools.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Screws, Screw-nails, and Screw-shanks
Various Articles, also applicable to Boring-tools.
for
I JOSEPH ANDREWS, of 34 James Street, Saint Mary's, Southampton, in the
County of Hampshire, Carpenter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to screws, screw nails, and screw shanks for various articles
and to screw boring tools, and for all similar purposes, more especially to the points of
same.
Screws of the most approved form as hitherto made are provided with only a
single thread ending in a single sharp point, screws, screw nails and screw shanks
for various articles and screw boring tools, as invented by me are provided with two
or more complete threads. If made with only two complete threads a portion of
another thread equal to about one half of a complete turn of the thread is formed
out of one of the complete threads finishing with a sharp pointed end and dying
away into the complete thread out of which it is formed, or if the screw is made with
three complete threads each thread finishes in a sharp point, screws as invented by
me can be used and readily driven as spikes, and nails; by hammering, without
seriously breaking the fibre of the wood, as the effect of the repeated blows of the
hammer upon the bead causes it (the screw) to turn on its axis while passing into the
material into which it is being driven, and it can afterwards be extracted like an
ordinary screw by means of the slot in the head or if preferred the head can be
made without a slot and of any desired shape when used simply as a mail with no
intention of afterwards withdrawing same from the material into which it is driven,
screw augers and such like tools as invented by me would probably be provided with
three complete threads, each thread finishing in a sharp point of a particular shape
and form. The thread of both screws, screw mails, and screw tools, and fittings, as
invented by me can be of any desirable pitch, or shape, after they leave the points,
and can be made of cast or wrought iron, steel, brass, copper or other metal or alloy
Dated this 31st day of Nov 1890
HERBERT P. BLAKE,
20, Laura Place, Southampton, Agent for the Applicant,
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Screws. Screw-nails, and Screw-shanks
Various Articles, also applicable to Boring-tools.
for
I JOSEPH ANDREWS of 34 James Street, Saint Mary's, Southampton in the
County of Hampshire, Carpenter do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to screws, screw nails, and screw shanks, for various articles,
and to screw boring tools, and for all similar purposes, more especially to the points
of same.
Screws of the most approved form as hitherto made are provided with only a
single thread ending in a single sharp point.
Screws, screw nails, and screw shanks, for various articles, and screw boring tools
as invented by me, are provided with two or more complete threads if made with
only two complete threads a portion of another thread, equal to about one half of a
complete turn of the thread, is formed out of one of the complete threads finishing
with a sharp pointed end and dying away into the complete thread out of which it is
Pin 81

page_text: formed, or if the screw is made with three complete threads each thread finishes in a
sharp point.
Screws as invented by me can be used and readily driven as spikes, and nails, by
hammering without seriously breaking the fibre of the wood as the effect of the
repeated blows of the hammer upon the head causes it (the screw) to turn on its
axis while passing into the material into which it is being driven, and it can after-
wards be extracted like an ordinary screw by means of the slot in the head, or if
preferred the head can be made without a slot and of any desired shape when used
simply as a nail with no intention of afterwards withdrawing same from the material
into which it is driven.
Screw augers, and such like tools as invented by me would probably be provided.
with three complete threads, each thread finishing in a sharp point of a particular
shape and form.
The thread of both screws, screw nails, and screw tools and fittings, as invented by
me, can be of any desirable pitch or shape after they leave the points.
In order to enable iny invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is an elevation
and Fig. 2 an end view looking at the points of one description of my screw nail, or
drive screw, and, or, screw shank for various articles, the same having two complete
threads with corresponding grooves, and a portion of another thread A cut,
impressed, or otherwise formed on the pointed end of one of the complete threads
and dying away into same towards the head, each and all the threads finishing in a
sharp point.
A modification of such a screw would be when three or more complete threads are
formed on the blank, in this case also each thread would finish in a sharp point.
It is noted the threads of these screw mails, or drive screws, have a considerable
pitch and the outer edges of the threads are preferrably somewhat rounded off, a
screw thus made is easily driven by means of a hammer and turns upon its axis as it
advances, and does not cut the fibre of the material into which it is driven to any
considerable extent. It is noted these screw nails can be withdrawn when so desired
by a screw driver, spanner, or similar means.
Screws of similar take required to be screwed into wood, or other material, by a
screw driver, or similar means, would probably have a less pitch of thread than the
drive screws and the outer edge C. of the thread would be made with a sharp cutting
edge.
In Fig. 1, B. D. E. shews the three points of this screw-finishing one behind the
other. but they can be made if desired with the points all finishing at an equal
distance from the head of the screw.
I do not bind myself to any particular form of the head, or to the number of
threads, or points, to the screws, beyond two, or to the pitch, or to the form at C,
which may be sharp, or rounded, or the form at H, between the threads the latter
may be concave, or of any desirable form, and the number and pitch of the threads
greater, or less, and the head of any shape to suit the various purposes for which the
screws are required.
Having now described and illustrated my invention as applied to screws, screw
nails, and screw shanks for various articles, I will proceed to describe the application
of my invention to boring tools, augers, bitts, drills, and all similar tools, with
reference to the accompanying drawings Figs. 3, and 4, of a boring tool with three
complete threads, or spirals, each finishing in three cutting points J. K. L. in which
Fig. 3, is an elevation, and Fig. 4, an end view of same looking at the points, but I
remark in passing that I do not bind myself to any number of threads, or points, to
my boring tools beyond two.
By means of the arrangement and form at the points J. K. L. as illustrated and
described, each revolution of the tool results in a portion of the wood or other
material into which it is passing to be cut, and the cuttings, or borings, are conveyed
up the grooves away from the points.
The form of the boring tool at M, between the threads, that is, the grooves, will

page_text: probably be concave in section but I do not bind myself to any exact form, pitch, or
number of threads, but the same may vary according to the different purposes for
which the tool may be required, or material to be bored, almost any material can be
bored by these tools including wood, iron, metals of all descriptions, stone, and
leather.
One great advantage of these tools as invented by me is their strength and
durability.
By reason of the number of threads, and consequent small cutting points, the
borings are very fine (not large chips, or shavings, as are the borings of the spoon, or
pod, or American twist auger) each groove forms a channel for the borings and the
tool having a number of grooves, each only taking a small portion of the entire
borings, it is possible to make them, the grooves, very shallow by which arrangement
the weakening of the tool at its centre is avoided; Again, should the points J. K. L.
be blunted they can be easily re-sharpened or even should the tool be broken across
the threads it is possible and convenient to recut the points upon same thus rendering
it as servicable as ever as a boring tool.
Screws, screw nails, and screw shanks for various articles, as herein before described
can be made of wrought, cast, or malleable cast iron, steel, brass, copper, or other
metal, or alloy, and screw tools as hereinbefore described can be made of cast, or
wrought steel, or other suitable metal or alloy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1st. A screw provided with two or more threads with corresponding grooves, each
thread finishing in a sharp pointed end, as substantially described.
2nd. Screws with two threads and corresponding grooves, and three points, as
substantially described.
3rd. Boring tools with two, three, or more threads with corresponding grooves,
each thread finishing in a cutting point as substantially described.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1890.
HERBERT F. BLAKE, M.L.N.A.,
20, Laura Place, Southampton, Agent for the Applicant.