Improvements in Fastenings for Sliding and Hinged Window Sashes and Doors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1894
Tomplete Specification Left, 22nd Apr., 1895-Accepted, 6th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fastenings for Sliding and Hinged Window Sashes
and Doors.
HARRY AUBREY DAWSON Draughtsman Ivy Mount Cross Street Urmston
Lancashire do hereby declare the nature of this invention 'to be as follows:
This invention has for object to provide improved apparatus for fastening or
securing sliding or hinged window sashes or doors, against burgular or other
attempts to unfasten from the exterior either when closed or partly open, also
where advisable, arrangements are provided thereby for staying the portions to be
fastened, & so prevent rattling or when closed the passage of dust.
For the purpose of this invention I employ, a bolt, cylindrical where 'desired,
preferably pointed, with a hook at the engaging end thereof, which bolt may be
made partly or wholly in the less oxidisable metals or in steel which may be case-
hardened where desired. Such bolt is rotated or oscillated in a bolt-barrel which
is fixed to one portion to be fastened or secured. This bolt barrel has either right
or left hand regular or irregular spiral or partly annular surfaces, or two or more
such surfaces combined.
When the pointed bolt is rotated or oscillated a portion of the handle or other
projecting portion thereof, is arranged to come, or 'be, in contact with these spiral
surfaces & cause the pointed bolt to travel longitudinally forward or backward as
may be predetermined in arranging the spiral surfaces.
To the opposite portion to be engaged with or fastened to, there is a bracket or
plates secured, having holes in a straight or curved surface to receive the engaging
end of the pointed bolt, & particularly in the case of sliding window sashes or
other portions requiring to be tensioned toward each other & the prevention of
play & rattling or passage of dust, these holes are preferably made to receive the
hook of the engaging end of the pointed bolt.
There is one hole in the bracket or plate to receive the pointed bolt (with the
hook) when the portions to be fastened, or secured, are in the closed position, &
additional holes are arranged so as to permit fastening or securing when the
portions are open.
or may
The spiral surfaces may be arranged wholly on the bolt barrel portion
be (in the case of window sashes & the like requiring to be tensioned toward each
other & having a pointed hooked bolt, be) partly on the bracket or plates, such
that when the hook has entered the bracket or plates by the longitudinal motion
imparted by rotation or oscillation of the bolt in the desired direction it may
engage with a spiral surface & the above motion be arranged to tension the
sashes or other portions toward each other.
The handle of the pointed bolt (the junction between which is not necessarily
at the end of the pointed bolt) has a boss (the centre line of which may be in the
same plane as the pointed bolt axis) through which an extension handle is screwed,
the centre line of which may likewise be in the above plane, passing through the
axis of the pointed bolt, but such centre line need not necessarily be at right angles
to the axis of the pointed bolt.
The exterior of bolt barrel is cam shaped so that when the sashes or doors are
fastened or secured the extension handle may be forced by the screw in contact
with a portion of the cam surface so as to effectually prevent rotation or motion of
the handle in the direction of unfastening or releasing. Further the bolt barrel

page_text: may be cam shaped to permit when so desired (particularly in the case of other
than horizontal openings or joints requiring to be fastened or secured) the securing
of the pointed bolt by the above screw in an unfastened position.
The handle (including or excluding the extension handle) when the sashes or
doors are unfastened to always be in a relatively conspicuous position, and when
the handle is rotated into a plane (containing the centre line of handle & axis of
bolt) about (preferably more) 90° from the unfastened position the sashes or doors
(being in a position for fastening) to be compelled & known to be (compulsorily)
fastened, which to further secure, the extension handle requires screwing in contact
with the cam as arranged & previously described.
When the pointed bolt is made in the less oxidisable metal, to prevent the
severing of the pointed bolt by a saw or other instrument when the sashes or
doors are partly open, there may be a casehardened steel or chilled shield or core
protecting the pointed bolt from being severed by such instruments.
In the case of sliding window sashes without the ordinary vertical sash bars,
the bracket baving holes &c., may be fixed in the centre of the meeting rail of
outside sash if desired.
In the case of sliding window sashes with the ordinary vertical sash bar, the
bracket above referred to is designed to partially envelope this bar, and may
preferably be additionally secured thereto. Also the plates previously referred
to may be suitably secured to an ordinary vertical sash bar or other vertical
portion if desired.
Dated this Twentieth day of July 1894.
Improvements in Fastenings for Sliding and Hinged Window Sashes
and Doors.
1, HARRY AUBREY DAWSON, of Ivy Mount, Cross Street, Urmston,. near
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-.:
The object of this invention is to produce a fastening for hinged and sliding
windows and doors, that shall be an effectual protection against burglarious and
other attempts to open the said windows or doors, whether they be closed or partly
open, and, (which is particularly desirable with sliding windows) shall also serve
as a means for drawing together the two parts to be fastened in such a manner
as to prevent rattling, and, when the windows are closed, to prevent also the
passage of dust.
In the accompanying drawings,
t
Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the application of my improved
fastening as a sash-fastener; and
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the bracket provided with a number of holes for
receiving the bolt ;
Fig. 3 is a front end view;
:
Fig. 4 a side view; and
Fig. 5 a rear end view of the bolt with its barrel or guide and a locking device,
together with part of the sash rail upon which the said parts are mounted.
Fig. 6 is a face view of a plate or modified form of bracket.
1 and are the lower and upper rails respectively of two sashes that are to be
fastened together; 3 (Figs. 1 and 2) is a bracket (hereinafter called a keeper) of
brass or other suitable material which is secured to the sash-rail 2 and is arranged
to partly envelope the vertical sash-bar 4, when a sash-bar exists. 5 is a bolt

page_text: which is mounted to slide in a barrel or guide 6 fixed to the sash-rail 1 and
which is provided at its forward end with a hook 7 adapted to pass easily through
one or other of a series of holes 8 of corresponding shape made in the keeper. 3.
The bolt 5 is provided with a handle or arm 9, which fits in and projects through
a cam-shaped slot 10, 10 in the barrel or guide 6. The part 10 of the slot
extends forward in the direction of a right handed screw thread, whilst the
par may extend slightly backward in the form of a left handed screw thread,
so that assuming the bolt 5 to be in its backward position and a hole & in the
keeper 3 to be opposite to it, then upon partly turning the handle or arm 9 in a
clockwise direction, the said handle or arm, under the action of the said slot, will
cause the bolt, whilst turning, to first advance in such a manner that its hook 7
will pass through the hele 8 opposite to it, and then to move backward a short
distance in such a manner that the said hook 7 will be brought to bear against the
inner side of the keeper 3, and thus draw towards each other the two sashes,.the
rails 1 and 2 of which may advantageously be formed (as shown in cross section.in
Fig. 1) to form a rabbet-joint when brought together. By the use of a keeper 3
having several holes 8, sliding window sashes can be secured together with the
upper one open at the top, or the lower one at the bottom, or with both sashes
partly open. Hinged casements and doors may be similarly secured in the open
position, the keeper 3 being curved and the centre thereof corresponding to the
axis of the hinge about which the casement or door turns.
Instead of so forining the slot 10 that it will act to move the bolt backward to
effect the drawing towards each other of the sashes, the back of the keeper may,
for a like purpose, be formed at one side of each hole with an inclined or cam
surface, as shown at 3ª (Fig. 1), so that after causing the hooked end of the bolt 5
to enter a hole 8, the hook 7 will, by the continued rotation of the bolt, be caused
to slide over said inclined or cam surface and so draw the sashes towards each
other, or the cam slot 10* and the inclined or cam surface 3* may both be used for
the purpose mentioned.
The handle or arm 9 is provided with a boss 9 through which works an extension
handle 11 in the form of a binding screw, the axis of which is in a plane passing
through the axis of the bolt 5 but need not necessarily be at right angles thereto
as shown. The upper part of the barrel or guide 6 is so formed externally as
for example by making it eccentric to the axis of the bolt 5, as shown in Fig. 5,
as to form a stop to prevent turning of the screw, so that the said bolt can be
locked in either its engaged or disengaged position by causing the screw 11 to
bear against one or other of the opposite sides of such stop or part. The
handle or arm 9 and screw 11 thus also serve as an indicator to show whether
the bolt is in its engaged or disengaged position, shown respectively in full and
dotted lines in Fig. 5.
By providing the keeper 3 with a number of holes 8 as shown in Figs. 1
and 2, the sashes may be fastened together either in their completely closed
position, or in various open positions of the sashes. In cases where there is
adequate support, two or more plates such as 3* (Fig. 6), each provided with a
hole 8 similar to those shown in the keeper 3, Fig. 2, may be used instead of or
in addition to the said keeper, such plates being secured in line with each other, so
as to constitute in effect a single keeper having several holes for the purpose
hereinbefore mentioned.
In order to protect the bolt 5, which may be pointed at its forward end, from
being cut through by a saw or other instrument, it may be made of hardened steel,
or case-bardened iron; or it may be furnished with a case-hardened or chilled steel
shield or core.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A window or door fastening comprising a rotary and endways movable bolt 5

page_text: provided at its forward end with a hook or lateral projection 7 and at a rear-
ward part with a handle or projecting arm 9, a bolt-barrel or guide 16 formed
with a right or left handed, or combined right and left handed slot through which
the handle or projecting arm extends, in combination with a keeper (in one or more
parts) provided with two or more holes 8 each of which is so formed as to enable
the hook or projection on the bolt to pass through it, and, on the rotation of the
bolt, to engage with the back of the keeper, or with an inclined surface thereon,
the arrangement being such that the window sashes or door with which the
fastener is used, can be effectually secured at will either in the closed position.or
in a partly open position, and that the window sashes, or the door and frame, will
then be drawn tightly towards each other so as to prevent rattling, and it may be,
when closed, the passage of dust, substantially as herein before described with
reference to the drawings annexed.
2. The combination of parts constituting the hereinabove described improved
window or door fastener constructed arranged and operating as shown in and
described with reference to .Figs. 1 to inclusive of the drawings annexed, or
modified by the use of two or more perforated plates or keepers 3* (Fig. 6)
for a single keeper 3 with multiple openings.8.
F
Datod
this 22nd day of April 1895.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn. Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.