IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF COLOURING MATTER FOR DYEING PRINTING
Year: 1882

page_text: " AN
AND
LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel of No. 28, Southampton Buildings
Chancery Lano in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF COLOURING MATTER FOR DYEING
PRINTING" A communication from abroad by Dr. Emil Jacobsen of Berlin
in the German Empire
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February 1882.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF COLOURING MATTER
FOR DYEING AND PRINTING" [A communication from abroad by Dr. Emil
Jacobsen of Berlin in the German Empire]
When equal quantities of chinoline and benzotrichloride are heated to 130° C.
the mixture thickens gradually assumes a red colour. For the purpose of
withdrawing the base not acted upon the melt after heating for some hours is
extracted with cold water, and the residue afterwards exhausted by a large excess
of boiling water.
The dark red solution on the addition of an alkali yields a reddish brown
amorphous precipitate of a colour-base. To purify the same it is dissolved in an
acid, for instance oxalic or acetic acid, and then once more precipitated by an
alkali.
The base of the colour is insoluble in ether and ligroine, very little soluble in
water, but easily soluble in spirit as well as in glacial acetic acid.
The solutions of the base and its salts are of a red colour and show a very
intense yellow flourescence, which is also visible on wool as well as on silk dyed
with it. Cotton mordanted with tannin is easily dyed by the colour, and resists the
strongest soap baths.
The salts of the base are comparatively insoluble in water, but more casily
soluble in alcohol. The hydrochlorate forms with chloride of zinc a nearly
insoluble double salt.

page_text: When the solution of a salt of the base is cautiously mixed with bromine water,
the solution changes into a darker and more violet shade. Silk as well as wool
dyed with the brominated colour is fast, but shows no flourescence.
Chinoline may be replaced with the same success in the above process by its
homologues lepidine, kryptidine and the like.
Instead of benzotrichloride, benzotribromide, benzodibromchloride or benzo-
brodichloride may just as well be applied.
Substances causing condensations, as chloride of aluminium, chloride of zinc,
Protoxyde of zinc accelerate the reactions, but without improving the colouring
matter. The adoption of a higher temperature is also not attended with profitable
results.
Pyridine and its homologues as picoline, lutidine etc., act in quite an analogous
way on benzotrichloride.
The easily soluble hydrochlorate of the dye produced from them is precipitated
from its solutions by chloride of zinc in form of a reddish brown powder.
The colouring natters, which are derived from the pyridine-bases are not so
bright as those of the bases of chinoline, but they are rather stronger dyes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th August 1882.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No 28. Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF COLOURING MATTER
A communication from abroad by Dr Emil
FOR DYEING AND PRINTING"
Jacobsen of Berlin in the Empire
When equal quantities of chinoline and benzotrichloride and heated to 130° C.
the mixture thickens gradually and assumes a red colour. For the purpose of
withdrawing the base not acted upon, the inelt, after heating for some hours is
extracted with cold water, and the residue afterwards exhausted by a large excess
of boiling water.
The dark red solution on the addition of an alkali yields a reddish brown
amorphous precipitate of a colour-base. To purify the same it is dissolved in an
acid, for instance oxalic or acetic acid, and then once more precipitated by an
alkali.
The base of the colour is insoluble in ether and ligroine, very little soluble in
water but easily soluble in spirit as well as in glacial acetic acid.
The solutions of the base and its salts are of a red colour and shew a very
intense yellow fluorescence which is also visible on wool as well as on silk dyed
with it. Cotton mordanted with tannin is easily dyed by the colour, and resists
the strongest soda baths.
The salts of the base are comparatively insoluble in water, but more easily
soluble in alcohol. The hydrochlorate forms with chloride of zinc a nearly
insoluble double salt.
When the solution of a salt of the base is cautiously mixed with bromine water
the solution changes into a darker and more violet shade. Silk as well as wool
dyed with the brominated colour is fast but shews no fluorescence.
Chinoline may be replaced with the same success in the above process by its
homologues lepidine, kryptidine and the like.
Instead of benzotrichloride, benzotribromide, benzodibromchloride or benzo-
bromdicbloride may just as well be applied.
Substances causing condensations as chloride of aluminium, chloride of zinc,
protoxyde of zinc accelerate the reactions but without improving the colouring
matter. The adoption of a higher temperature is also not attended with profitable
results.
Pyridine and its homologues as picoline, lutidine etc, act in quite an analogous
way on benzotrichloride.
The easily soluble hydrochlorate of the dye produced from them is precipitated
from its solutions by chloride of zinc in form of a reddish brown powder.
The colouring matters which are derived from the pyridine-bases are not so
bright as those of the bases of chinoline but they are rather stronger dyes.
Chinoline may be replaced with the same success in the above process by its
homologues sepidine, kryptidine and the like. Instead of benzotrichloride its
higher chlorinated compounds benzotribromide, benzodibromchloride or benzo-
bromdichloride may just as well be applied.
The colouring matters, which are derived from the pyridine bases are not so
bright as those of the bases of chinoline, but they are rather stronger dyes; all
the above described red colouring matters forin also sulfo acids.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I
claim:―
First. The herein described manufacture of red or violet colouring matters by
the action of benzotrichloride, its higher chlorinated compounds or the within
named corresponding bromides or chlorobromides on chinoline or its homologues or
mixtures of the same, with or without addition of metallic salts or oxides causing
condensation.
Second. The herein described manufacture of colouring matter from pyridine
and its homologues by the action of the reagents named in the preceding claim.
Third. The use for dyeing and printing of colouring matters produced from
chinoline and pyridine as herein described.
In witness whereof I the said Charles Denton Abel have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Eighteenth day of August in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.