Improvements in the Manufacture of Hollow Ingots or Cylindrical Metallic Bodies.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th May, 1892-Accepted, 18th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hollow Ingots or Cylindrical
Metallic Bodies.
1 HOWARD LANE of Corporation Street Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates chiefly to the manufacture of hollow ingots used in the
formation of seamless metallic tubes, cylinders for various manufacturing or
engineering purposes; shells for ordnance; and similarly shaped metallic bodies,
as used in the arts.
Whereas in the ordinary method of casting the above mentioned articles, the
molten metal is caused to How into a mould, such mould being rotated at the time
the molten metal is introduced, or the mould is set in motion subsequently. By
this method of casting, the inertia of the charge of metal causes it to be splashed
or agitated in an indiscriminate manner, whereby "cold shuts," flaws, air holes, or
other imperfections are developed.
My invention consists in imparting a rotary motion to the molten metal
previously and while on its passage to, the mould or chill, within which it solidifies ;
the mould also rotating at the same time.
1 effect this result by using a funnel or spout, into and through which the molten
metal enters and passes from the foundry ladle or furnace. This funnel is lined
with non-conducting refractory material, and is revolved at a faster, slower, or at
The passage in
the same speed as the mould within which it slides or traverses.
and through the funnel may be made conical radial, or otherwise, the smaller or
central end receiving the charge of metal from the ladle.
The operation is as follows:-The mould being placed in position, the funnel is
introduced to its greatest extent, and both are rotated at a suitable speed. The
molten metal is then poured into the funnel, and, by surface friction, or angularity
of passage, a rotary motion is communicated to the metal, without causing its
solidification. The metal thus, by means of the funnel, reaches the mould and is
deposited on its surface in a state of relative quiescence. As the metal is being
poured into and passing through the funnel, a longitudinal traverse or withdrawal
may be set up, so that cylinders or ingots of varying lengths may be made.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hollow Ingots or Cylindrical
Metallic Bodies.
1, HOWARD LANE, of Corporation Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawing, that is to say :-
My invention relates more especially to the manufacture of hollow ingots used
in making seamless metallic tubes, cylinders for various manufacturing and
engineering purposes, shells for ordnance, and other metallic articles of the like
kind, as used in various arts.
In a method ordinarily heretofore used for casting articles of the kind referred

page_text: to, the molten metal is caused to flow into a suitable mould, such mould being either
insufficiently rapid rotation when the molten metal is introduced into it, or being
subsequently set in rotation.
ss
By this method, however, the inertia of the charge of metal causes it to be
splashed or agitated indiscriminately whereby "cold shuts," flaws," air holes, or
other imperfections are caused.
My present invention consists in novel methods of imparting a proper rotary
motion to the molten metal whilst it is on its passage, and before, as well as after,
it enters the rotating mould or chill in which it solidifies, and of altering the
effective length of the mould.
In order to put my invention in operation, I use a funnel or spout, into and
through which the molten metal enters and passes from the foundry ladle or
furnace.
This funnel or spout is lined with a suitable non-conducting material sufficiently
refractory to heat, and is made to revolve at a speed which may be either the same
as, or faster or slower than, the speed of the revolving mould into which it fits, and
which is capable of traversing or moving endways upon it.
The passage through the funnel or spout, from the molten metal may be made
conical, the smaller end being that at which the metal enters, or the passage may
be made central at the said entering end, its other end more or less radially distant
from the centre.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of my invention,
Figure 1 being a side view, partly in section, of the apparatus,
Figure 2 is a back view, and
Figures 3 and 4 transverse sections through the line c, y, (Figure 1) looking to
the back and front respectively.
a is a sufficiently strong base plate or foundation preferably of cast iron.
b, b, are standards fixed upon the base plate a and having central openings in which
the mould revolves freely, and bearings for the three parallel spindles c, c', c², which
are provided at each end with friction wheels or rollers d, and e, which support and
guide the cylindrical mould f
This mould consists preferably of a cylinder of cast iron, turned outside, and
bored inside to the diameter of the ingot or tube which is to be cast. It is shewn
fitted with a sufficient number of rings g turned true at their outer circumference
and fitting between and steadily guided by the rollers e which turn freely upon the
spindles c, c', c
The internal funnel or spout is shewn at h, which represents the interior refractory
material with which it is lined, whilst the black lines h¹ represent its metallic
exterior which fits into the mould f.
A collar is fixed upon the back end of the funnel or spout and is guided and
held by the rollers & which are fixed upon the spindles c, c', c", so that the funnel
or spout is prevented from moving forward.
The front end of the mould is provided with a flange k, to which is attached
the concentric casing 1, firmly attached to the end of the screwed bar m, the outer
end of which is supported in bearings n, n', n¹¹, and is provided with fast and loose
pullies at o', the fast or driving pulley having a longitudinal feather or feathers
fitting in corresponding grooves in the shaft m, so that when the shaft is made
to revolve by any suitable power, it can at the same time move endways in
the bearings.
7"
The end of the bore in the mould is reduced in diameter as shewn, and a
sufficient number of holes o are made for it through the mould, so that any surplus
molten metal can escape through them into the cupped edge p of the casing 7.
A furnace or vessel, or ladle, is shewn at through which the molten metal runs
into the central opening in the end of the funnel or spout h, and is a halfnut
moveable in guides and capable of being raised or lowered by means of the lever
or handle u, for the purpose of throwing it in or out of gear with the screw
on the bar m.

page_text: The method of operation is as follows:
The mould
being placed in position, upon the funnel has shewn, both are
rotated at a suitable speed.
The molten metal is then poured into the funnel, and by surface friction
(in Figure 1), or by angularity or excentricity of the passage in the funnel
(as shewn in Figure 5) a rotary motion is communicated to the metal, without
causing its solidification. The metal thus, by means of the funnel h, reaches the
mould and is deposited upon its inner surface in a state of relative quiescence.
As the metal is being poured into and passing through the funnel, the revolving
mould may be withdrawn endways by bringing the half nuts into gear with the
screw m by means of the handle or lever, and the toothed wheel and rack
shewn in dotted lines in Figure 1, so that cylinders or ingots of different lengths
may be cast.
I do not confine myself to the exact method of construction and operation of the
different parts of the apparatus, which may be varied more or less to suit varying
circumstances, for instance, as already explained the funnel may be driven
independently, and made to rotate at the same speed as the mould, or at a
greater or less speed. Or any convenient means may be used for moving the
mould endways.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the. said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The apparatus for the manufacture of hollow ingots, or cylindrical metallic
bodies, substantially as described and shewn.
2. The combination with a revolving mould, of a funnel or spout through which
the molten metal is admitted to the mould, such revolving funnel or spout revolving
at the same speed as, or greater or less speed than, the mould, and the mould being
capable of moving endways upon the funnel or spout, substantially as described
and shewn.
3. The combination of the revolving mould, supporting and guiding rollers e,
revolving funnel or spout h, supporting and guiding rollers d, casing l, openings o,
screwed bar m, and driving gear o', substantially as and for the purpose described
and shewn.
4. The combination with the revolving mould f, and screwed bar m, of the
moveable nuts, substantially as and for the purpose described and shewn,
ليوي
May 1805
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.