IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Célestin Lejeune and Anatole Edouard Decouflé,
Mechanical Engineers, of Bagnolet (Seine), in the Republic of France, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES."
Sealed the 25th June 1880 and dated the 30th December 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Célestin Lejeune and
Anatole Edouard Decouflé at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 30th December 1879.
JEAN CÉLESTIN LEJEUNE and ANATOLE EDOUARD DECOUFLÉ, Mechanical
Engineers, of Bagnolet (Seine), in the Republic of France. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES."
Our improvements constitute the machine represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figure 1 is an elevation, Figure 2
a vertical section on line 1-2 of Figure 3, and the said Figure 3 a plan.
These improvements relate,―
Firstly. To the feeding forward of the paper intended to form the tube or
envelope of the cigarette
Secondly. To the application to cigarette machines of a method of driving
(mode d'entraînement) for rolling up the paper, which allows of its being rolled into
a larger or smaller tube.
Thirdly. To the method of forming the tubes.
Fourthly. To the method of pasting the tubes.
Fifthly. To the folding of the end of the paper tubes.
Sixthly. To the method of making the fold of Havanna cigarettes in order to
avoid the use of paste.
Seventhly. To the means of feeding forward and holding the paper when it is cut
to width.
Eighthly. To the distribution of the tobacco.
Ninthly. To the method of nipping and holding the paper tube at the moment
of and during the introduction of the tobacco.
Dins 1021

page_text: THIRDLY AND FOURTHLY.-FORMATION AND PASsting of the Tube.
(Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.)
Figure 4 shews in longitudinal section the spindle or mandril for rolling up the
sheet; Figures 5 and 6 are cross sections on the line 3-4.
I, a long tube guided in bearings i fixed to the frame of the machine.
1', a smaller tube forming a continuation of the tube I; it is grooved throughout
its length.
J, a spindle fitted into the small tube I', and maintained in the large tube I by
a base or collar J¹, from which continues a smaller cylindrical part J* shaped into
aform in two flat parts, forming an acute angle upon the longitudinal axis.
This stem is furnished throughout its length with a tongue piece j, Figure 6.
K, a cylindrical stom fitted into the tube I, and terminated in front by
ashaped portion K' adapted to receive in its branches the acute angle of the
part J.
L, a helical spring (ressort a boudin) wound round the parts K' and Jª, and the
extremities of which L and L' are fixed, the one to K, and the other to J'.
K³, a rod screwed into K, and acted upon at the other and by the pushing
action of the spring K³ placed in a small socket Kª fixed in the tube I.
I', a nut for limiting the rectilinear movement of the tube I.
Ml, a toothed pinion receiving at certain times a rotary movement, which it
transmits to the tube I without preventing the latter from moving longitudinally.
N, a driving piece with a roller N', which takes into the curvilinear hollow or
groove of a cam N2 on the main shaft O (Figures 1 and 3).
The piece N is held between the collars QQ, the first fixed upon the tube I, the
second held to this tube, and to the stem K by the pin q, in such manner that,
supposing the collar Q' to be pushed forward, the pin q moves in an inclined slot q'.
The piece N constantly pushes the piece Q by the spring q
R is a stop for preventing the paper tube after being made from returning with
the tubes I, 1', in their backward movement.
The whole of this arrangement constitutes what we call the spindle. The
following is its office :-
At the required moment the cam N' pushes forward the spindle, as shown in the
Drawing (the stroke. of the spindle is equal at least to the length of the tube to be
made); the paper is then presented over the tube I' in front of its longitudinal
groove.
At this moment by a slight excess of stroke or traverse the ring Q¹ driven
forward by the piece N imparts to the stem K, and to its extremity K₁, a slight
turning movement, which brings the tongue piece j of the spindle J to nip or press
elastically the edge of the sheet of paper against the edge of the groove in the
tube I'
The pinion M then begins to move and forces the whole to make a complete
revolution.
The spindle then stops to free itself from the formed and pasted tube; it then
retires the whole length of the tube in order to recommence a fresh one.
The spindle is thus endued,-
1°. With a forward, then with a backward movement, equal at least to the
length of the paper tube to be made; 2°, with a rotary movement for the formation
of the tube, and partially the stem K and the small spindle J, take besides a
forward and backward movement, and also a slight turning movement for the
nipping of the edge of the paper sheet. To form the paper tube the spindle brings
its extremity I' into one of the tubes or moulds 8 (brought exactly opposite to it),
with which a circular disc S is furnished. This disc S is mounted upon a shaft 0¹
parallel to and above the main shaft O. The disc S receives an intermittant

page_text: circular motion in such a way as to allow each of the tubes s to present itself in its
turn opposite the spindle I, I'.
To give to S its intermittant rotary movement the shaft O' carries another disc T
furnished with a series of notches t and a series of holes t¹ equal in number to that
of the tube moulds.
The disc T receives its movement from a tappet (taquet) on the plate T¹ of the
shaft O, and this disc T is stopped by a cylindro-conical spindle which by the
action of the bell crank lever tenters at the required moment into one of the holes t¹,
and leaves it to enter subsequently the next hole. The lever t is worked by the
cam t on the shaft O, and a spring to returns it when the withdrawing of the cam is

page_text: SEVENTHLY.-FEEDING FORWARD AND HOLDING THE PAPER AFTER IT HAS BEEN
CUT TO WIDTH.
In the case in which the paper is cut to width the feeding apparatus Figures 1,
2, 3, and 7, instead of being perpendicular to the spindle I, I, is in this case parallel
thereto. The sheet is presented to the entrance of the mould s to be seized by the
spindle, and it is carried and held by needles with which the one extremity of a
bell crank lever is furnished, the other extremity being worked by a suitable cam.
Flexible springs suitably placed maintain the paper whilst allowing it to slip.
We claim as our invention,-
First. A feeding apparatus for the paper based upon the employment of two
rollers superposed one over the other, one driven by the machine, and the other
moved by the first named.
Second. A feed apparatus variable at will based upon an arrangement of pawls
(mode d'encliquetage) producing upon the driven roller partial rotary movements
of variable amplitude, whereby paper tubes of various sizes may be made.
Third. A process of pasting paper tubes based upon the employment of a blade
moving rectilinearly for taking the paste and depositing it upon the edges of the
paper intended to constitute the tube.
Fourth. A method of folding one end of pasted tubes by means of a piece
perforated in the form of a snail, in which works a small stem which flattens the
twisted part of the tube.
Fifth. A spindle producing the rolling up of the paper immediately it is cut to
the required dimensions, this spindle being characterized by the employment of two
stems, one of which being hollow in moving rectilinearly forces the other, which
18 solid and furnished with a longitudinal tongue piece, to describe a small arc
of a circle at the moment the paper is to be nipped, and that by the arrangement
of the shaped extremities of the two stems constituting the essential parts of
the spindle.
.
Sixth. The application of stopping means based upon the employment of a spindle
which enters and leaves notches or holes in a disc for regulating the intermittant
rotation of the said disc, and also (and that is the principal object) the intermittant
movement of the mould carrier disc.

page_text: Seventh. An arrangement for folding the ends of the tube in order to suppress
paste for the manufacture of Havanna cigarettes (cigarettes havanaises) the
peculiarity of which consists in the action of two pieces which move successively
the one parallel to itself, and the other following the rotation of a crank upon which
it is fixed.
Eighth. A feeding apparatus for cigarette paper previously cut to width by
means of a small fork pricking the sheet and pushing it into the groove of the
forming spindle for the tube.
Ninth. A distributor of the tobacco based upon the employment of a circular card
roller taking the prepared tobacco and delivering it to a circular brush having like
it a continuous rotary movement, and depositing the tobacco upon an endless band
which conveys it to the proper part of the machine.
Tenth. A process for manufacturing pasted tubes based upon the employment of
a brush pressing the paper upon the forming spindle, and upon the utilization of a
shoot or conductor receiving the tubes and delivering them one by one to be filled
with tobacco and to be afterwards delivered out of the machine always one by one.
Eleventh. A pincer intended to retain by one of its extremities the paper
cigarette tube at the moment the machine introduces the tobacco into it by a
funnel, this pincer being essentially of a single piece in two bianches forming
springs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Jean Célestin Lejeune and Anatole Edouard Decouflé in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 30th June 1880.
JEAN CÉLESTIN LEJEUNE and ANATOLE EDOUARD DECOUFLÉ, Mechanical
Engineers, of Bagnolet (Seine), in the Republic of France. " IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES."
Our improvements in machines for making cigarettes constitute together the
novel machine represented in the Drawings annexed hereto, in which Figure 1 is an
elevation, Figure 2 a vertical section on line 1-2, of Figure 3, and the said Figure 3
a plan.
These improvements relate,-
Firstly. To the feeding forward of the paper intended to form the tube.
Secondly. To a mode of drawing forward the paper which allows of a greater or
less feed to facilitate the varying of the size of the tube to be made
Thirdly. To the mode of forming the tubes, their pasting or gumming, and the
folding of one of their ends.
Fourthly. To a mode of forming and folding the ends of the tubes for what are
known as Havanna cigarettes in which paste or gum is not employed.
Fifthly. To the distribution of the tobacco.

page_text: Sixthly To a mode of formation and pasting or gumming of the tubes different
from that referred to above under the third head.
Seventhly. To a mode of feeding forward the paper when cut into sheets.
Eighthly. To a mode of nipping and holding the paper tubes at the moment of
and during the introduction of the tobacco.
We will now proceed to describe each of these improvements, and to explain the
functions of the new or modified parts.
We will suppose that the cigarettes are made horizontally, but we reserve to
ourselves expressly the right to combine our improvements for the construction of
machines in which the cigarettos would be made vertically or inclined.

page_text: turning backwards.
Immediately after an intermittant movement of the roller b the cam c³ acts upon
the lever and the blade C cuts the paper transversely.
Our novel arrangements with adjustable amplitude of movement for feeding
forward the paper may be applied to any cigarette machine.
THIRDLY FORMATION AND PASTING OR GUMMING OF THE TUBES AND FOLDING
ONE OF THEIR ENDS. (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.)
Before describing the tubo former we will describe the paster or gummer and the
folder (Figures 4 and 9).
D is a box containing paste or gum, carried by a support on the standards A of
the feeding apparatus.
d is a transverse blade having an up and down motion; it takes paste or gum
from the box D, and deposits it upon the part of the sheet of paper reserved for
that purpose. This blade is mounted on a cylindrical rod d³, surrounded by a
packing of india-rubber attached to the box D, and preventing the escape of the
paste or gum.
d², a lever giving motion to the blade & by means of the cylindrical rod ď¹ and a
small link d
d*, an eccentric actuating the lever d².
d³, a spring acting upon the lever d², so as to press the friction roller at its end
constantly against the cam d¹.
E, a folder for the end of the paper tube which is to be closed (Figures 4 and 9).
e, a small spindle for completing the closing.
e¹, a lever acting at the desired moment upon the spindle 6.
es, a cam giving motion to the lever e¹.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the instrument, which in its entirety we call
the " spindle."
Figures 7 and 8 are transverse sections on the line 3-4.
F, a long tube guided and held in bearings G fixed to the frame of the machine
(Figures 1 and 3).
fa smaller tube forming a continuation of the tube F, and grooved throughout
its length.
H, a spindle or stem fitted into the small tube f, and held in the tube F by a
boss or collar ¹, from which there continues a smaller cylindrical path shaped
into two flat parts forming an acute angle. This spindle H is furnished throughout
its length with a tongue piece h² (Figure 8).
I, a cylindrical stem fitted into the spindle F, and terminated in front by a
parti, shaped to receive in its branches the acute angle of the stem h.
J, a helical spring round the parts h and i, and the extremities of which j, j¹, are
fixed, the one to I and the other to h¹.
K, a rod screwed into the stem I, and acted upon at the other end by a spring k,
placed in a socket k¹, fixed in the tube F.
f, a nut for limiting the rectilinear movement of the spindle F, f.
L, a toothed pinion receiving at certain times a rotary movement which it
transmits to the tube F without preventing the latter from moving longitudinally.
M, a driving piece with a friction roller m, which takes into the curvilinear
hollow or groove of a cam m³, on the main shaft O (Figure 3).
The piece M is held between the collar m² and the socket m³. The collar m³ is
fixed to the tube F, and the socket m³ is held on this tube by the pin m* in such
manner that supposing the socket m³ to be pushed forward the più m¹ moves in
an inclined slot m which forces the stem I to turn slightly.
The piece M pushes the socket m³ by the spring m²

page_text: Qis a stop for preventing the paper tube after being made from following the
tubes F,, in their backward movement
At the desired moment, that is to say, when the sheet of paper has been cut, the
cam m' pushes forward the spindle to an extent at least equal to the length of
the tube to be formed. The paper is then presented to the tube f, in front of its
longitudinal groove. At this moment the socket m³, driven forward by the piece M
imparts to the stem I, and to its end i a slight turning movement, which is
transmitted by the shaped end to the spindle H, the tongue piece h* of the
latter nips or presses the edge of the sheet of paper against the edge of the groove
in the tube f.
The pinion L then begins to move and forces the whole to make a complete
revolution; but before the rolling up is quite finished the eccentric d' has caused
the paster or gummer d. to rise and to deposit by its slightly flattened end a strip
of paste or gum upon the part of the paper remaining over for this purpose to be
afterwards rolled up in its turn with the remainder of the sheet.
During the rolling up of the paper one of the edges is presented into the piece E,
which is pierced or perforated in a spiral or snail form, which twists the paper in
a suitable manner. The cam e³ then pushes the spindle e by the lever e¹, the end of
which completes the folding. A small spring, which surrounds the spindle. e,
returns it to rest along with its lever e¹ when the projection on the cam has
operated.
Finally, the spindle frees itself from the formed, pasted, and folded tube in
moving backwards to begin a new tube.
Thus the whole spindle is endowed, 1st, with a forward rectilinear movement;
2nd, with a backward movement, both equal to at least the length of the paper
tube to be made, 3rd, with a rotary movement for the rolling up; and, 4th, in its
essential parts with another forward and backward movement, and also with a
slight turning movement for the nipping of the edge of the paper sheet.
To form the paper tube the spindle F, f, brings its extremity finto one of the
moulds (placed exactly opposite to it) with which a circular disc R is furnished.
This disc R is mounted on an axis O¹, parallel to and above the main shaft O.
The moulds r, in greater or lesser number, are of the same length as the paper
tube to be formed.
The disc R receives an intermittant circular motion in such a way as to allow
each of the tubes r to be presented in turn opposite the spindle F, f.
In order to give to the disc R its intermittant rotary movement the axis O'
carries another disc S (Figures 10 and 11), furnished with a series of notches 8 and
a series of holes s', equal in number to that of the moulds r.
The disc S is actuated by a tappet s³ on a plate S' of the main shaft O, which
tappet takes into the notches a. This disc S is stopped by a cylindro-conical
spindles, which, by the action of the lever a, enters at the desired moment into
one of the holes s', and leaves it to enter the next hole.
The lever is worked by a cam &, and springs & return it immediately the
withdrawing action of the cam is finished. The springs also hold the friction roller
f the lever in contact with the said cam.
To prevent the disc R from turning the reverse way it may be provided with a
atchet wheel with any suitable pawl.

page_text: Figures 22 and 23 are a vertical section and front elevation of our novel pincer.
The paper tube being prepared it is indispensable to hold it for and during the
insertion of the tobacco. For this purpose the end of the tube a is passed through
the extremity of a funnel a³, and the requisite quantity of tobacco is pushed in by
spindle a³.
W is a piece of the machine in which the roll (boudin) of tobacco is formed before
its admission into the tube.
1-2, pincer in one piece, fixed permanently to the fixed part of the piece W;
the branches 1 and 2 of the piece form a spring and are applied to the funnel a².
3, a cam on the shaft O actuating the rod 4.
4, a rod, which in rising causes the lever 5 to oscillate; this lever presents its
bent end between the inclined planes of the branches 1-2 in order to open them
when the tube a is filled with tobacco, and is withdrawn from between them to
allow them to close again when a fresh empty tubo has replaced the filled one.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in
which in which the same is to or may be carried into effect, we would have it
understood that what we claim in the construction of machines for making cigarettes
is,-
First. A feeding apparatus for the paper based upon the employment of two
rollers superposed one over the other, the one driven by the machine and the
other moved by the first named, as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the
Drawings.
Second. A feeding apparatus, variable at will, based upon an arrangement of
pawls (mode d'encliquetage) producing upon the driven roller partial rotary move-
ments of variable amplitudes, whereby paper tubes of various sizes may be made,
as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the Drawings
Third. An arrangement for pasting or gumming paper tubes based upon the
employment of a blade moving rectilinearly for taking the paste or gum and

page_text: depositing it upon the edges of the paper intended to constitute the tube, as illus-
trated in Figures 2 and 4 of the Drawings.
Fourth. An arrangement for folding or twisting one end of the pasted or gummed
tubes by means of a piece pierced or perforated in the form of a spiral or snail, in
which works a small spindle which flattens the twisted part of the tube, as illus-
trated in Figures 4 and 9 of the Drawings.
.
Fifth. A spindle effecting the rolling up of the paper immediately it is cut to the
desired dimensions, this spindle being characterized by the employment of a tube
and a stem, one of which, the tube, in moving rectilinearly forces the stem, which
is solid, and furnished with a longitudinal tongue piece to describe a small arc of a
circle at the moment the paper is to be nipped, such rotary movement being effected
by the arrangement of the shaped extremities of the two stems constituting the
essential parts of the spindle, as illustrated in Figures 6, 7, and 8 of the Drawings.
Sixth. The application of stopping means based upon the employment of a
spindle, which enters and leaves notches or holes in a disc for regulating the inter-
mittant rotation of the said disc and consequently (which is the principal object)
the intermittant movement of the disc carrying the moulds for the formation of
tubes, as illustrated in Figures 2, 10, and 11 of the Drawings.
Seventh. An arrangement for folding the ends of the tube in order to suppress
paste or gum for the manufacture of Havanna cigarettes, the peculiarity of which
arrangement consists in the action of two pieces which move successively, the one
parallel to itself, and the other according to the rotation of a crank upon which it
is fixed, as illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 of the Drawings.
Eighth. A feeding apparatus for cigarette paper previously cut to width, such
apparatus acting by means of a small fork pricking the sheet and pushing it into
the groove of the tube forming spindle, as illustrated in 19, 20, and 21 of the
Drawings.
Ninth. A tobacco distributor based upon the employment of a circular_card-
roller, taking the tobacco from a prepared cake and delivering it to a circular brush,
having like the said card-roller a continuous rotary movement, such brush
depositing the tobacco upon an endless band which conveys it to the part of the
machine intended to receive it, as illustrated in Figures 14, 15, and 16 of the
Drawings.
Tenth. An arrangement for manufacturing pasted or gummed tubes based upon
the employment of a brush pressing the paper upon the forming spindle and upon
the utilization of a shoot or conductor receiving the tubes and delivering them one
by one to be filled with tobacco, and to be afterwards delivered one by one out of
the inachine, as illustrated in Figures 19, 20, and 21 of the Drawings.
Eleventh. A pincer, intended to hold the paper cigarette tube by one of its ends
upon a funnel at the moment the machine introduces the tobacco into it, this pincer
being essentially of a single piece in two branches forming springs, as illustrated
in Figures 22 and 23 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Anatole Edouard Decouflé, for myself and on
behalf of the said Jean Célestin Lejeune, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
ANATOLE EDOUARD DECOUFLÉ. (LS.)