Improvements in Stamps for Crushing Ores.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stamps for Crushing Ores.
I, DENIS EMBLETON, of 98 Albion Street, Leeds, in the County of York,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in stamps suitable for dry
crushing, and has for its object, the agitation or constant movement of the
material in the mortar box undergoing crushing; and the extracting of the
material when crushed sufficiently fine through the sioves of the mortar box in
such a manner that, the quantity of fine particles of crushed material floating
about the stamps is reduced, and the meshes of the sieves are not so readily
stopped or choked by the particles of pulverised ore as is the case with machines
as hitherto constructed.
In describing my invention in detail, reference is made to the accompanying
drawings in which
Fig. 1 represents the plan of a base plate and mortar box, of an apparatus for
stamping or crushing ores with blowing and exhausting pipes connected to the
anid box; the stamp stem, stamp head and box cover are removed.
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevation through the mortar box with the stamp
head and shoe in section, and
Fig. 3 represents a side elevation of the mortar box, blowing fan and a heating
chamber in section.
The stamp stem and stamp head A. are operated in the ordinary manner and
inside the mortar box B. I mount one or more pipes C, three are shown in the
drawings which are connected to one of the main pipes D. coupled to the
blower E. shown by Fig. 3 and to each pipe C. within the mortar box B. is
connected a cross piece perforated, so that the air blowing through the perfora-
tions towards the centre of the box and upon the material being crushed, keeps
the particles constantly moving within the box; wing valves being placed in some
convenient portion of the connecting pipes D. and operated by levere A' for
controlling the admission of air through the perforations in cross pieces C'.
The perforations in the cross pieces are so placed that the currents of air
flowing through same not only to atir up or agitute the material in the mortar.
box B. but the perforations at the back of each cross piece C' direct currents of
air somewhat tangentially to the inner inclined surface of the sieves S. by which
means I prevent the meshes of the said sieves choking up so rapidly as they
otherwise would; and thus add materially to the duty of a machine fitted with
my improvements. The material as it is crushed fine enough, is drawn along, with
the air flowing from the perforations through the sieves S. in the manner as
bereinafter described.
The material to be crushed is fed through the opening E' and to three sides of
tbe mortar box B. is connected an exhaust pipe F. coupled by flanges G..to an
exbaueter of the ordinary construction, each pipe F. being fitted with a winga
valve H. each adjustable as to amount of opening by a lever J. for regulation of
strength of draught or amount of exhaust current, or in place of wing valves
I may employ rising and falling plates somewhat the same as are used in sluice

page_text: valves and operated in the same manner by a screw. In all cases the flow of the
current is indicated by the respective flying arrows.
The amount of air drawn out of the mortar box B. along with the crushed
material by the before mentioned exhauster through the pipes F. is equal to, but
preferably greater than the amount of air blown in through the perforations in
cross pieces C, by this means I am enabled to leave the hopper or feed inlet E
into the box B. open with free access of air whilst the machine is at work. By
this arrangement all the fine particles of crushed material floating about the
stamps as hitherto often constructed, necessitating the attendants wearing
respirators is passed out by the before mentioned exhauster, as the pressure in the
mortar box B. has a tendency to be somewhat less than that of the external
atmosphere, thereby preventing what is known as back draught.
I accomplish my object as to the prevention of any stoppage, making up or
choking of the meshes of the sieves S. by means of branch pipes K. connected to
one of the main pipes D. of the blower E, the current of air passing through
the pipes K. is regulated by the respective taps L. which when open allow
the air to flow through the nozzles M, the jots impinging on the outside of each
sieve S. from time to time as the taps are opened, thereby blowing back into
the said box any particles of crushed material that may olog the meshes of the
Bieve.
For further facilitating the removal of the particles of crushed material adhering
to the inner surface of the sieves S, I may employ a flexible pipe N. provided
with a tap or valve O. and terminating with a nozzle P. by which on opening a
lid Q. placed over cach sieve space, or removing a cover plate Q, I am enabled,
when required, to direct the force of air against the outside of the respective
sieves, to clear the particles away from the inner surface of the sieve without
having occasion to stop the stamp.
Machines as bitherto constructed have frequently to be stopped for the cleaning
of the sieves, thus detracting from the duty the machine is capable of performing.
By these several improvements Iain enabled to considerably increase the
capabilities of the machine when dry crushing by keeping the meshes of the
sieves S. clearer by the intermittent currents of air forcing any particles of material
away from the face of the sieves.
In order that pneumatic stamps may operate upon and crush material that is not
thoroughly dry, and obviate the necessity of having to dry the ore previous to
crushing, connect the fan or blower E. by pipe R. to an air heating chamber or
furnace T.
The drawing shows a furnace suitable for burning oil, but it will be obvious that
furnaces constructed for burning other kinds of fuel may be utilized. In the
furnace shown by Fig. 3 the oil fuel is admitted through the pipe U. the supply
being regulated by the tap or valve U a current of air is injected through the
pipe and nozzle V. for effecting combustion and distributing or spraying the oil
fuel within the furnace or heating chamber T. through which pass vertically a
series of pipes W, a plan of the pipes is shown by Fig. 4.
The vertical pipes W. connect the space X. at the bottom of the furnace and
which is open to the atmosphere, to the chamber Y. coupled by pipe R. to the
fan or blower E. connected to the mortar box B. in the manner as hereinbofore
described.
By regulating the sliding valves Z. air is admitted into the space X. as required
for heating by pipes W. and drying the ore being crushed, the pipe or funnel T
conveying the products of combustion away from the furnace chamber T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is,
1. A dry crushing stamp machine having an open hopper for feeding the ore,
constructed so that air may be blown in so as to stir up the orc, and an exhaust

page_text: used so as to carry the crushed ore away and so that the exhaust may be regulated
in relation to the blowing so as to produce no dranght or perceptably a slight
in-draught through the open hopper substantially as described.
2. In an apparatus substantially such as is hereinbefore described, arranging the
air blast within the box so as to play over the inner surface of the sieves
substantially as described.
3. In an apparatus substantially as is hereinbefore described arranging a pipe
or pipes suitable for giving an intermittent air blast on the outside of the sieves,
substantially as described."
4. The improved dry crushing stamp machine constructed and arranged
substantially as herein before described and shown in the drawings annexed hereto.
5. In an apparatus substantially as herein before described, a heating chamber or
furnace combined therewith for the purpose as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 17th day of November 1896.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.