Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1886.
Specification Accepted, 25th Jan., 1887.
I, FRANK BENONA HOWARD, of the City of Montreal, District of Montreal, Province
of Quebec, Canada, Manufacturer of articles from pulp, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture from pulp, more particularly wood-pulp,
of articles such as sign-boards, panels and the like upon which it is desired to have
patterns, designs, figures and letters raised or sunk.
From pulp particularly wood-pulp produced in the usual way I mould or press a
cake, slab, mass or block, of suitable size to be acted upon either by passing it between
rollers or by passing a roll over it or pressing on it by a die to impart to its upper side
the configuration or pattern desired, the roller or die being embossed or engraved as a
counterpart.
:
The pulp-boards thus produced may be used as sign-boards, panels for apartments
or furniture, and generally instead of carved wooden boards. Designs or patterns may
also be formed on or attached to the sides of the pulp-boards.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a front elevation and Figs. 2 and 3 are end
views of a pair of rolls such as may be used in the manufacture of articles from pulp.
Fig. 4 is a part section shewing the rolls in operation on the pulp.
Figs. 5 to 12 inclusive shew details of construction of the rolls.
Fig. 13 shews part of a figured pulp-board as an illustration.
Fig. 14 is a side elevation and Fig. 15 a plan and Fig. 16 is a section on x x Fig. 15
of a bed and roll that may be used instead of a pair of rolls.
Fig. 17 shews a detail hereafter referred to.
Fig. 18 is an elevation of a press for pulp.
Rolls such as are shewn in Figs. from 1 to 13 inclusive are suitable for patterns
having little depth of depressions or height of projections.
The bed and roll arrangement illustrated in Figs. 14 to 17 inclusive is suitable for
patterns having greater depth of depression and height of projection, and the press
shewn in Fig. 18, suitable for patterns having a still greater depth of depression and
height of projection.

page_text: Referring first to Figs. 1 to 13 inclusive A A¹ are a pair of rolls either or both of
which may be embossed or engraved to any desired pattern such as that which I take
by way of illustration.
The roll A is represented as having on it a pattern while the roll A¹ is a plain
cylinder. A has in its middle a part B of larger diameter than the ends on which are
shewn zig-zag projections C.
The pattern may extend continuously around the roller so that by passing a slab of
pulp D between the rolls as shewn in Fig. 4, the pattern will be impressed continuously
on the surface of the pulp-board as shewn to the right of the line in Fig. 13, but
when as shown in Fig. 2, the pattern does not extend completely around the roll A, but
terminates at E E and the zig-zag pattern C is then carried across the roll longitu-
dinally it will give the pattern I, shewn to the left of the line in Fig. 13.
Again the projection part B may terminate at or about points F F, in semicircular
form this producing a semicircular end G, to the recess H, Fig. 13.
When the pattern to be formed is not continuous either or both of the rolls may
have projections K K, extending longitudinally along them, these partly or completely
severing the pulp board into required lengths after each impression.
Figs. 5 to 12 inclusive shew in section a few of the more plain configurations of
recesses and projections which may be formed in or upon the rolls, but more elaborate
ones may be formed if desired. Besides the patterns formed by the rolls additional
designs, letters or figures may be attached to the pulp board either by adhesive
substances, such as glue &c., or by nails screws &c as for instance in space H Fig. 13.
The pulp-boards produced as described are dried and hardened in an ordinary
manner, after which they are preferably coated or saturated with waterproof compound;
or they may be painted, varnished or gilt.
When it is desired to use the rolls as moulds to form separate pieces, one of the
rolls A as shewn in Fig. 3 has hollows formed in its surface, of the desired configura-
tion and a plain roll A, revolves in contact with it so that lumps of pulp fed to the
rolls fill merely the recesses in the roll A.
The pieces thus moulded after drying and hardening may have superfluous "fins"
or projections trimmed off by cutting tools.
In the mechanism shewn by Figs. 14 to 17 inclusive a is a bed which holds the
pulp-board while it is being acted upon by the roll b, which is caused to travel over its
surface.
The bed a which rests on supports e has under its edges V guides d along which
travel the wheels e, mounted on the framing k of the roll. The table a has side
flanges, which prevent the pulp board from spreading beyond the desired width
while being acted upon by the roll b.
The roll 6 has journals g in bearings / fitted in slotted holes of the frames k, in
which they can be adjusted to any desired height by screws worked by wheels m.
In the lower part of the frames & bearings n carry the axles o of the wheels e which
travel along the underside of the guide tracks d. The two frames k, are strongly
united by a cross bar p.
By means of the screws 1, the roll can be set to mould the pulp-board lying upon
the bed a which may have perforations q as shewn in the part section Fig. 17 for the
purpose of draining off water expelled from the pulp-board, this water filtering through
a sheet of felt, wire gauze or other fabric r which prevents the pulp from entering the
perforations
q.
The roll b may be caused to travel to and fro over the bed a, by any suitable means
such as by the drag of a chain, a rack and pinion, or other known means; as shewn in
the drawings a screw a¹ beneath the bed a engaging a nut c¹ in the cross-bar p is worked
by reversing pullies 6₁ causing the roll 6 to reciprocate.
In Fig. 18 a² is the die and the bed; is a sheet of felt, wire gauze or other
fabric placed on the bed b²; d² is a frame. fitting the die a' which is attached to the
follower plate 2 of the press either actuated by a screw as shewn or by hydraulic or
other power. The pulp-slab being somewhat larger than the frame d², being placed

page_text: over it, the die a descending punches out a piece filling the frame d' and the die
still descending to the position indicated by the dotted lines compresses the pulp
board marking it with the pattern.
The fabric callows escape of water pressed out of the pulp.
Pulp boards manufactured as above described can be used either alone or in combi-
nation with wood or other materials in the construction of articles of furniture or
the like, and owing to their strength and cheapness they can generally take the place
of and supercede carved wood.
I am aware that mouldings and the like have been formed by compressing paper
between dies or rollers and that certain articles have been made by pressing pulp into
moulds but these articles cannot be used in substitution for carved wood like the pulp
boards manufactured as I have described and I make no general claim in respect of
such products.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The manufacture of pulp boards with patterns or designs embossed or sunk on their
surfaces substantially as and for the purposes described.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.