AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COILED SPRING
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Baillie, of No. 167, Carolinen Gasse, in the
City of Vienna, and Empire of Austria, Civil Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COILED SPRING."
Sealed the 2nd August 1858, and dated the 29th March 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Baillie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th March
1858.
I, JOHN BAILLIE, of No. 167, Carolinen Gasse, in the City of Vienna,
and Empire of Austria, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COILED SPRING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of coiled springs from bars of
steel, of equal breadth from end to end but tapering in thickness, the thin end
forming either the inner coil or the outer coil, as may be thought desirable.
By this means the inner or the outer coils of the spring may be made
sufficiently sensitive to yield to slight forces, and as the following coils
gradually increase in thickness and come successively into action, they increase
the power of resistance against greater forces. A further advantage obtained
is, that the range or play of the spring can be doubled in comparison with the
volute springs now in use, without materially increasing their diameter.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Baillie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th
September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Jonn
BAILLIE, of Carolinen Gasse, in the City of Vienna, and Empire of Austria,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Baillie, Her special license that I, the said John Baillie, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Baillie, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUC-
TION OF COILED SPRING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John Baillie, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Baillie, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of coiled springs applicable to
railroad carriages and other like uses from bars or plates of steel of equal
breadth from end to end but tapering in thickness, the thinner end of the plate
or bar forming either the inner coil or the outer coil, as may be thought
desirable.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents in elevation, and Fig 2 in
plan view, my improved contruction of spring, the thin end of the bar forming
the inner coils. By thus tapering the thickness of the metal, while, at the
same time, an equable breadth is maintained throughout the spring, except at
the extremities, which are trimmed square, I am enabled to make either the

page_text: outer or the inner coils (as the special application of the spring may require)
sufficiently sensitive to yield to slight forces, and as the following coils gradually
increase in thickness, and come successively into action, they will increase the
power of resistance against greater forces. A further advantage obtained is,
that the range or play of the spring can be doubled in comparison with the
volute springs now in use without materially increasing their diameter.
Having now set forth the nature and advantages of my Invention, and
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be under-
stood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim, making
volute springs (which have their coils so arranged as to receive the applied
force in a direction parallel with their axis, and in the direction of the breadth
of the steel bars), of bars or plates of steel of equal breadth from end to end
(except at the squared extremities) and tapering in thickness as before
described, in order that their inner or their outer coils may be made sufficiently
sensitive to yield to slight forces, while the gradually increasing thickness of
the coils gives such springs the power of resistance against greater forces.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Baillie, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
JOHN BAILLIE. (L.S.)