CERTAIN MACHINE WHICH ACTS BY PROGRESSIVE MOTION FOR THE SPINNING AND ROVING OF COTTON
Year: 1797

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AARON
GARLICK, of Duckenfield, in the County of Chester, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventh day of February, in the thirty-seventh year of His
reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Aaron Garlick, His special
licence, that I, the said Aaron Garlick, during the term of years therein
mentioned, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within that
part of the Kingdom of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of a "CERTAIN MACHINE
WHICH ACTS BY PROGRESSIVE MOTION FOR THE SPINNING AND ROVING OF COTTON;"
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the
said Aaron Garlick, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation
being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Aaron Garlick, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in the
Plan and description thereof hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Aaron Garlick, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven.
AARON GARLICK. (L.B.).

page_text: The improvements or principles called into action and applied to my
spinning machine which acts by progressive motion, consist in the following
particulars, that is to say :-
The Reverse and Traversing Flys.-These flys are loose upon the spindles,
upon which they have a twofold motion, that is to say, a rotary motion upon
the said spindles which gives twist to the threads, and also a traversing motion
falling and rising upon the said spindles about two inches, by which means the
threads are conducted from the one end of the bobbins to the other. The
said flys and spindles have each a separate motion, which is produced by two
rollers, which rollers are centered parallel to each other, and, extending the
whole length of the frame, are worked in an horizontal position; the one
being exactly over the other, the upper roller turns the flys by means of
springs and pullys, which give them an invariable motion. The under roller
turns the spindles by means of strings and pullys also, which give them a
graduating or progressive motion, the speed of the flys to that of the
spindle is in proportion as thirty-nine to forty, more or less, as it is
required, by which principle the bobbins are made to receive the yarn as the
fluted rollers are calculated to deliver it. The aforesaid progressive motion of
the spindles and bobbins is produced by means of a conical drum, the length
of which is twelve or fourteen inches, and its mean circumference about two
feet two and a half-inches. It represents the frustum of a cone, is put upon
the axle of the under roller, and turned by the main driving wheel or pully
by means of a belt, which belt is conducted by the traversing screw and pully
from the one end of the said conical drum to the other end thereof, during
the time one set of bobbins is filling with yarn. The application of this prin-
ciple to the above purpose will appear very necessary when it is considered
that the motion of the fluted rollers is invariable, and of course delivers one
determinate length of yarn in a given time; whereas the circumference of the
yarn upon the bobbins increases every time the threads are traversed from
one end of each of the said bobbins to the other; hence the necessity of
decreasing the speed of the spindles in the same ratio as the circumference of
the yarn upon the said bobbins increases. As a further demonstration of the
above principle, let it be understood that the said conical drum contains an
infinite series of circles, the circumferences of which decrease in a given ratio
from the larger end to the smaller, the two extremes of which are nearly in
proportion as eight to nine; therefore, if the motion of the spindles be calculated
to be quicker than that of the flys, the belt is traversed from the smaller end
of the said conical drum to the larger end thereof, and the contrary way from
the larger end to the smaller end thereof. If the motion of the flys be quicker
.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-fifth day of May,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Aaron Garlick came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Third day of June, in the year above written.