IMPROVEMENTS IN SETTING AND FIXING COPPERS, STILLS, AND BOILERS, AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES
Year: 1846

page_text: ALL
PRESENTS SHALL ME, I, JOSEPH
MORELAND, of Old Street, in the County of Middlesex, Copper, Still, and
Boiler Setter, Oven Builder, Constructor and Designer of Furnaces generally,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain and Ireland,
bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the tenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Joseph Moreland, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Joseph
Moreland, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Joseph Moreland, my exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SETTING AND FIXING COPPERS, STILLS, AND BOILERS,
AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES;" in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso that I, the said Joseph Moreland, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Moreland, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say):
EXPLANATION OF GROUND PLAN, CROSS SECTION A TO B, AND LONGITUDINAL
SECTION B TO C.
A, A, shews a copper, still, or boiler; B, fire-place under same; C, furnace
bars; D, bearing bars supporting same; E, ash pit; F, line of stoke hole;
G, furnace door and frame; H, apron plate or mouth plate; I, bridge
of furnace; J, opening parallel with end of furnace bars at bridge, through
which the heated air passes and meets the vapour or gases arising from
the burning fuel, and whereby a supply of oxygen in a rarified state
being given it or them, combustion takes place; K, valve or slide, with
handle to the same, and communicating with the front or door frame, for
regulating the necessary amount of rarified air to be admitted in at the bridge
of the furnace, which must be opened immediately after the fuel is thrown in
the furnace, and to be closed when the combustion of the coal has taken place;
holes or pins to be provided in the handle of the same to prevent its being
opened any wider than is absolutely necessary for the combustion of the fuel;
L, flame bed or butt, formed of fire tiles or other incombustible materials to
cover the air flue or oven, through which by flame passing from the furnace
heat is communicated; M, door and frame, by and through which the dust or
cinders may be occasionally removed which from time to time will necessarily
fall through the air opening at J; N, cast iron plate at bottom of ash pit,
covering the air flues upon which the heat from the furnace and fire-place is
reflected and communicated through the same to air passing through flues
underneath, and which plates are to be kept free from accumulating ashes;
0, 0, 0, 0, air flues for the atmospheric air first passing under and along the
centre of the ash pit, and dividing itself right and left under same, then passing
on each side of and in the ash pit wall, and continuing on through the hollow
fire lumps which line the furnace, after which continuing on right and left
under flame bed or butt, where it then meets and descends to the valve or
slide at K, and passing through which it then enters the furnace in a heated
and rarified state at the opening at bridge of same J; P, P, hollow fire lumps
for the lining of the furnace through which the air is continued from the flues
of ash pit; R, entrance for the admission of the atmospheric air to flues, which

page_text: is to be assisted and increased by the use of a fan or blower attached to same.
Note. The darts or arrows shew the direction which the atmospheric air takes
in its progress to the opening at bridge of furnace J. Also the faint lines in
ground plan shew the construction of air flue under the line of the stoke hole
and ash pit. Also the letters F to B and B to F in the cross section mean
respectively front to back and back to front. And also the dark dotted circle
shewn on the ground plan is the bottom of copper, still, or boiler. I would
remark, that although I have only shown the improvements applied to the
setting of circular bottomed boilers and stills and constructing furnaces,
therefore it will be evident that like arrangements when constructing other
furnaces may be resorted to. What is claimed is the mode of arranging the
side and bottom air passages 0, 0, and the application of the hollow fire
O,
lumps P, P..
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Moreland, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.