Year: 1899

page_text: "I, LOUIS EUGÈNE MAIN, Manufacturer, of Cerdon, in "the Republic of France,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a vapour burner; .suitable. for using heavy petroleum
as a fuel which may be applied as a blow pipe or Bunsen burner either to petro-
leum stoves, steam generators or in general for all heating and lighting purposes.
The burner is fed with petroleum vapour from a receiver, arranged round or in
proximity to the burner tube, which contains the liquid and in the interior of
which, air is compressed at a suitable pressure.
The device is preferably constructed as follows:-
A central tube of a somewhat truncated cone shape is open at both its ends and
forms the Bunsen burner tube, a casing partly surrounds it and is joined to it
in such a manner as to form an annular and air-tight chamber into which the
heavy petroleum to be vapourised is introduced under pressure through a.tube.
A suitably bent vapour tube is perforated with a hole situated centrally in the
longitudinal axis of the burner and opposite the larger opening, in such a manner
that the burner, having been preliminarily heated, the petroleum-vapour pro-
duced in the air-tight chamber escapes through the hole of the vapour tube, and
this vapour passing through the truncated space draws in sufficient air to support
combustion, and when the mixture of vapour and air is ignited at the upper or
front end of the truncated chamber the heat is transmitted by the walls or
parts of the apparatus to the petroleum in the annular air-tight chamber, so that
a continuous supply of the petroleum-vapour is produced.
A tubular casing can be arranged concentrically around the burner in order to
obtain an additional supply of air between the outer wall of the burner and the
inner wall of the casing.
:
A part in the form of a rose may be arranged at the outlet for combustible
mixture of the truncated chamber in order to allow of the special application of
the burner to heating apparatus, the flame being distributed over a suitable
breadth to cover the objects to be heated.
:
Finally, a cup may be suspended from the vapour tube in order that a supply
of alcohol may be burnt to enable the burner to be suitably heated before it
commences operation.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for. the Applicant.

page_text: improvements in or relating to vapour burners.
I, LOUIS EUGÈNE MAIN, Manufacturer, of Cerdon, in the Republic of France,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement:-
This invention relates to a
burner suitable for using heavy petroleum to be
applied either as a blow pipe or Bunsen burner, or as a petroleum stove, or steam
generator, and, in general, for all lighting or heating purposes.
The burner has the advantage of great simplicity of construction, and is not
liable to get out of order or to work unsatisfactorily. In the accompanying
drawing:-
Figures 1 and 2 show a longitudinal section and plan respectively of the appa-
ratus in its simplest application viz. as a blow-pipe or Bunsen burner.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the apparatus adapted for heating purposes.
Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 3, and
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of a cup or vessel intended preliminarily for
heating the parts of the burner to a temperature suitable for starting it.
In the accompanying drawing. a (Figures 1 and 2) represent a metallic funnel
of circular section, the general form of which is that of a truncated cone. The
side of this funnel a is provided near the bottom with holes a¹, a', whilst its
upper end is enlarged or extended to form a second chamber a².
A sheet metal casing b surrounds the funnel a to which it is soldered or other-
wise connected at its edges in such a manner that it forms an annular chamber c
of suitable capacity, between the funnel a and the casing b.
A tube d extends upwards along the casing 6 in close proximity to its surface.
and finally communicates with the interior of the chamber c; its corresponding
end d being obliquely cut so as to prevent the orifice from becoming stopped
up by any impurities which may be suspended in the combustible liquid. The
other end of this tube is furnished with a covering preferably of incombustible
material and a bad conductor of heat, forming a handle and arranged for the pur-
pose of facilitating the fitting of the burner to a tube or the like communicating
with a vessel in which petroleum is stored under pressure.
A tube e, the end e of which is preferably obliquely cut, extends into the
interior of the chamber c its open end being near the top thereof, whilst below
said chamber it is bent perpendicularly to the vertical axis of the burner. The
ende of the tube e is suitably closed say by a screw cap.
A perforation 3 of very small diameter is provided in the side of the tube e
at a part corresponding to the central vertical axis of the burner below which the
tube is arranged.
If the apparatus thus constructed is heated to a suitable degree, and the cock,
arranged on the tube communicating with the vessel holding the petroleum under
pressure, and on which the tube of the burner is fitted, is opened, petro-
leum will enter the chamber c and vapour will be given off and pass down the
tube e and issue in a jet from the perforation into the body of the burner
obliquely or along its vertical axis. If now a light is applied to this vapour, it
will burst into flame and burn continuously, drawing up through the large base
of the apparatus and the holes a¹ the amount of air necessary for the complete
combustion of the petroleum.
The chamber a presents an irregularity or expansion chamber in the passage of
the petroleum vapour and air, owing to which counter currents are formed, the

page_text: gases thereby becoming intimately mixed, which ensures the complete combus-
tion of the petroleum at the top of the apparatus.
The flame thus produced is very hot and may be used with good effect in
soldering and brazing metal.
The heat transmitted, by conduction, to the body of the apparatus is sufficient
to ensure the complete continuous vapourisation of the petroleum in the
chamber c. When the burner is no longer required it is sufficient to turn off the
supply cock of the liquid or to turn it almost off in order to cause the gas to burn
very low, just sufficiently to keep the body of the apparatus at a sufficient tem-
perature to avoid the necessary initial heating, if the apparatus is to be used
again shortly.
It may happen that impurities held in suspension in the petroleum may in time
fill up or block part of the tube e, say that part between the orifice e and the
end . In order to remove such impurities it is sufficient to unscrew the cap
from the end e², whereupon the impurities may be driven out. These impurities
may also be driven out by driving them in a reverse direction, opposite to that
in which they had arrived, such cleaning being effected by air, or liquid pressure,
acid or otherwise.
For the purpose of increasing the quantity of air drawn up by the vapour jet,
I arrange, concentrically with the apparatus an outer casing f, of the shape of
a truncated cone. The supplementary air is drawn up between the apparatus
and the outer casing f and mixed with the petroleum vapour as it leaves the
apparatus.
When the burner is applied for purposes of heating and especially of acting as
a petroleum stove (Figures 3 and 4) my apparatus is constructed somewhat differ-
ently, it being made shorter and provided with a removable device at the top in
the form of a rose of perforated plate, since the flame produced is not intended in
such a case to strike and heat an object at a single point, but on the contrary it
should extend over a large surface, such a rose causing the petroleum vapour to
burn on the surface of the device g which for this purpose is made comparatively
large.
In connection with this apparatus and for the purpose of preliminarily heating
the burner to a suitable temperature I employ a cup h adapted to be filled with
alcohol or mineral spirit and to be hooked on to the horizontal portion of the tube e,
the suspension hook of the cup being suitably perforated or constructed so as not
to cover the orifice e3 from which the petroleum vapour issues and becomes ignited
as soon as the vapour is given off.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A vapour burner for burning petroleum or the like stored under pressure
comprising a funnel of a truncated cone shape, open at both ends, a metallic
casing around said chamber to which it is connected so as to form a closed
chamber into which the petroleum or the like is introduced by means of a tube
for the purpose of being vapourised, and a tube extending into said chamber for
drawing off the vapour, the said tube being suitably bent and provided with a
hole, in the central vertical axis of the apparatus, the parts being so arranged
that the burner having been previously heated the vapour produced in the closed
chamber issues through the hole of the vapour conducting tube and passing up
through the funnel draws up with it a sufficient supply of air for combustion and,
when the mixture of air and vapour is ignited at the top of the apparatus, heat
is transmitted by conduction to the closed chamber for the purpose of producing
vapour in a continuous manner, substantially as described.
2. In a burner of the kind described a funnel provided with an enlarged exten-
sion or projection as a for the purpose of obtaining a more thorough mixture of
air and vapour, substantially as described.

page_text: 3 In a burner of the kind described an' outer casing as for the purpose of
providing a supplementary supply of air to the air and vapour mixture, substan-
tially as described.
.
3
... 11
4. In a burner of the kind described, a jet tube as'e provided with a screw cap
or closing device at its outer end for the purpose of allowing the removal of
impurities that may have accumulated in the tube, substantially as described.
5. In a burner of the kind described the arrangement at the upper end of the
burner of a rose or perforated-device so as to adapt the burner to apparatus
intended for heating purposes in order to spread out the flame over a large surface
substantially as described.
6. A burner of the kind described provided with a cup such as h-suspended on
the vapour tube for the purpose of preliminarily heating, the burner to the required
temperature to start its automatic working, substantially as described.
7. The compléte vapour burner substantially, as described or illustrated in
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
. Dated this 15th day of February 1900.
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,
Agents for the Applicant.