IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR RETAINING AND STORING HEAT IN CONNECTION WITH
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Blatch Cox, of 13, Strand, Torquay, in the County
of Devon, Ironmonger, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
AND APPARATUS FOR RETAINING AND STORING HEAT IN CONNECTION WITH
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Blatch Cox at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January, 1879.
"6
JAMES BLATCH Cox, of 13, Strand, Torquay, in the County of Devon, Iron-
monger.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR RETAINING AND
STORING HEAT IN CONNECTION WITH COOKING AND OTHER STOVES AND HEATING
APPLIANCES GENERALLY."
This Invention consists of improvements in the means and apparatus for retaining
and restoring heat in conjunction with cooking and other stoves and heating
appliances generally until the full duty of the heating material or fuel has been
utilized, the object being for the purpose of economising the consumption of gas,
petroleum, or other fuel or heating power.
The essential feature of this Invention is to retain and store for constant use all
heat generated instead of allowing it to escape by radiation or otherwise.
This Invention is particularly applicable to cooking stoves, the ovens of which
are constructed of three chambers, the one inside the other, of any suitable shape.
The outer chamber, together with the lining of the door, is filled with a noncon-
ducting substance consisting of a coating of asbestos and wool, either intermixed
or in layers, or an equivalent for the asbestos in conjunction with wool or other
similar material, which effectually prevents radiation and loss of heat externally.
The second chamber forms a hot air chamber or flue surrounding the inner chamber
or oven proper.
The burner or other heating power is connected with an opening
under the oven, and in such a way as to prevent the ingress of any air except such
as has thus been intensely heated, the quantity admitted being regulated by opening
or closing a valve placed near the bottom of one side of the outer chamber.
By this means the heat in the second chamber can be raised to any degree

page_text: required, or lowered at will, consequently the temperature of the oven or inner
chamber is under perfect control. The same principle will equally apply in
connection with the boiling arrangements where used in connection with an oven
or for separate use, the lower portion of the pots, kettles, or other utensils being
surrounded or partly surrounded by a flue and conducting chambers, the pots or
other utensils taking the place relatively of the inner chamber or oven; and they
can be connected one with the other by flues, or they can either be supplied with
heating power from the valve before mentioned or by means of separate burners
placed under one or more of the pots or saucepans or other utensils.. This Invention
is also applicable to steam and other boilers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Blatch Cox in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th July,
1879.
"
JAMES BLATCH Cox, of 13, Strand, Torquay, in the County of Devon, Iron-
monger. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR RETAINING AND
STORING HEAT IN CONNECTION WITH COOKING AND OTHER STOVES AND HEATING
APPLIANCES GENERALLY.
""
This Invention consists of improvements in themeans and apparatus for retaining,
intensifying, and storing heat in connection with cooking and other stoves and
heating appliances generally until its full power has been utilized, the object being
to economise the consumption of gas, petroleum or other fuel or heating power.
The essential feature of this Invention is to accumulate, super heat, retain, and
store for constant use all heat generated instead of allowing it to escape by radiation
or otherwise.
This principle can be applied advantageously to any of the foregoing purposes,
and is particularly applicable to cooking stoves, the ovens of which are constructed
of three chambers, the one inside the other, of anysuitable shape. The outer chamber,
together with the lining of the door, is filled with a non-conducting substance
consisting of a coating of asbestos and wool, either intermixed or in layers, or an
equivalent for the asbestos in conjunction with wool or other non-conducting
material, to prevent radiation and loss of heat externally. The second chamber
forms a hot air chamber or flue surrounding the inner chamber or oven proper.
The burner or other heating power is inserted in an opening under or at the side of
the oven, and in such a way as to prevent the ingress of any air except such as has
thus been intensely heated, the quantity admitted being regulated by opening or
closing outlet pipe at a lower level than the bottom of the stove.
By this means the heat in the second chamber can be raised to any degree
required, or lowered at will, consequently the temperature of the oven or inner
chamber is under perfect control.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the annexed
Drawings.
Figure 1 represents side elevation and section; and
Figure 2 represents cross section at M, N. The same letters of reference indicate
similar parts in both the Figures.
The ovens of cooking stoves are constructed of three chambers A, B, and C, one
inside the other. The outer chamber A, together with lining of door F (when a
door is used), is packed with asbestos and wool or other non-conducting medium or
mediums for the purpose of preventing radiation and loss of heat externally. The
second chamber B forms a hot air flue surrounding the inner chamber C or oven
proper. The burner or heating power burns in the furnace D above the level of
the outlet L and plays upon the air flue G, which, as well as the oven, is perfectly
tight and entirely free from the poisonous products of combustion, and is supplied
with fresh air from the opening H, which, at a high temperature, is passed on
through the flue and aperture I to the oven C, thus allowing fumes from articles
cooking to escape through the ventilator K and so securing efficient ventilation.
The only outlet from the hot air chamber B is through the pipe L, which, being
below the level of the furnace 1), effectually prevents any but the coolest, and
consequently the heaviest, products of combustion from escaping, whilst the
intensely heated furnace 1), being completely surrounded by the flue or chamber B,
makes it easy to raise the temperature in the latter and consequently in the oven
itself to almost any height.
It will be seen that the carrying out the products of combustion below the heating
power enables me to super heat the contents of the chamber B in a way that would
be impossible with the flue at the top.

page_text: In case of stoves used for heating purposes the principle of carrying off products
of combustion below the heating power is adhered to, but the packing is dispensed
with.
This Invention is also applicable to steam and other boilers.
Numerous advantages are gained by this Invention, among others the following:-
First. Great economy of fuel; a small size ordinary fish tail burner or a petroleum
lamp being sufficient to heat a large oven. Second. Perfect freedom from smoke,
smell, or dirt. Third. The oven being thoroughly ventilated and free from poisonous
products of combustion the flavor of meat cooked in it is as pure as if roasted in
the old and costly way before an open fire, pastry and bread being equally free
from taint of any kind. Fourth. The temperature of the room in which it is used
is not affected, the outside of stove being always cool. Fifth. A flue being
unnecessary and no fixing required it can be moved from room to room or placed in
any position at pleasure. Sixth. When gas or petroleum is used as fuel it can be
set in action or extinguished instantaneously.
Having thus described the nature and objects of my said Invention I would
observe that I do not limit myself to the construction or arrangement of the several
parts as described and illustrated, inasmuch as such parts may be readily varied to
meet various requirements; but that what I do claim and desire to be secured to
me is,-
First. The general arrangement and combination of parts respectively constituting
my improvements in the means and apparatus for retaining, intensifying, and
storing heat in connection with cooking and other stoves and heating appliances
generally, substantially as herein before described, and shewn on the Drawings.
Second. The arrangement of flues and the means of carrying off the products of
combustion below the heating power, as and for the purposes substantially herein-
before described, and shewn on Drawings.
In witness whereof, 1 the said James Blatch Cox, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.
JAMES BLATCH COX. (L.s.)