Improvements in Machinery for Finishing the End of a Cigarette
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 22nd, Apr., 1898-Accepted, 29th Sept, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Finishing the End of a Cigarette
I, JOSEPH SAMUEL BEEMAN of 182 Earl's Court Road, London, S.W. Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to machinery for the formation on one end of cigarettes of
a protective coating or covering adherent to or absorbed by the cigarette paper and
not adherent to the lips of the smoker, thus, forming what is known as a tipped
cigarette requiring no separate mouth piece or holder..
The object of the machine hereafter to be described is to provide means for
covering coating impregnating or tipping either with a strip of paper, paraffin,
other wax or any suitable material, hereinafter called the compound, the mouth end
of cigarettes made by machinery.
A serviceable and suitable compound is a high grade paraffin wax having a high
melting point.
This material not only waterproofs the paper and thereby prevents any moisture
reaching the enclosed tobacco through the paper but likewise prevents the lips of
the smoker being hurt by the paper sticking to them-economises the cigarette by
preventing it being damaged as well as giving a nice feeling to the cigarette in the
mouth of the smoker by reason of its smooth surface.
In some cases I may even flavour and colour the compound.
.
A inachine made according to my invention contains parts hereinafter described
by means, of which each cigarette is held in an axially rotating holder, through
the end of which the cigarette projects, the end of the cigarette being approached,
pressed and rubbed and retreated from during rotation by, a piece of mechanism
called a depositor and also by 'a saddle.
Said depositor receives a supply of the compound to be deposited in any con:
venient way.
The depositor may be made of metal and may be of any convenient. shape and
form and if required may be heated. It may be in the form of a flat, plain or
recessed spatula or it may be perforated or it may be a suitably supported pad or
sponge or wick or brush or gauze, capable of holding a film or carrying the compound
used for tipping purposes. Said depositor receives a supply of the compound to
be deposited in any convenient way.
On the completion of one cigarette being tipped another cigarette advances
pushing out that which has been tipped.
In such a machine adapted for using molten paraffin wax in stationary bearings
on a bed plate I mount an operating shaft which is actuated by a pulley or by
other suitable means such as a handle. Upon this shaft are rigidly mounted four
cuins called respectively the slide, lever, depositor and saddle cams and a cog wheel.
Cigarettes to the tipped are placed in a hopper. The hopper being supported, or
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page_text: י
carried by standards, a slide working on the bottom of this hopper receives a
reciprocating movement imparted to it by an adjustable cam called the slide cam
Imounted on the operating shaft. By this means each revolution of the operating
shaft causes the slide to move outwards and to allow a cigarette to fall over the
end of the slide and in the direction of the trough. bereafter mentioned. The
return to its original position of the slide is conveniently effected' by means of
a spring. The trough is carried or supported by standards. The bottom of the
trough is opposite and parallel with the rotating cigarette holder hereafter
mentioned.
Another cam called the lever com as it rotates actuates in one direction a lever,
said lever being centred to a suitable standard. The return of said lever being
effected by a spring attached at one end to a standard. This said lever in turn
actuates a plunger which slides in suitably supported bearings. This plunger ag
it moves under the influence of the last mentioned cam and lever pushes the
cigarette which was in the trough into the rotating cigarette holder which is bell
mouthed. The next movement forward of the plunger will cause the next incoming
cigarette in the trough to push out the cigarette already in the rotating cigaretté
holder.
The axially rotating cigarette holder revolves in bearings and has rigidly attached
to it a cog wheel. This cog wheel receives motion from the cog wheel on the
operating shaft through an intermediary wheel and is of a smaller size. Said
intermediary wheel being of the same diameter as the wheel on the operating shaft
and being centred on a suitable standard. I find that the smaller wheel gives good
results when it is about one half the diameter of the wheel, on the operating shaft.
One reason of the difference in size is to allow of a period of time to elapse whilst
the depositor and saddle hereafter mentioned are approaching to and retreating from
the cigarette and another is to allow of rather more than a complete revolution of the
cigarette in contact with the depositor.
The cigarette being in position for tipping projects over the wax or compound
holding bath hereafter mentioned, the rotation of the operating shaft causes the
depositor cam to move thereby releasing a stud on a lever which is acted in one
direction by a spring, said lever carrying the depositor which in this case is a spatula
shaped piece of metal. (I assume that this cam has just allowed the depositor
under the action of the spring to inove from its out of action position which is
inside a bath of melted paraffin wax). The said lever being pivoted to any suitable 3
standard to rise from the bath and to come in contact with the cigarette. At the
same time another cam called the saddle cam by releasing a stud has, just allowed
another lever suitably centred under the action of its own spring to move and thus
to bring the saddle piece into contact with the upper part of the cigarette. The
depositor and saddle cams are so constructed that the saddle piece and depositor
are kept in contnet with the cigarette during rather more than one complete
revolution of the cigarette. The projecting end of the cigarette being now in
contact with the depositor and being rotated by means of the gear wheels receives
a wax covering.
The lever can has upon it one large projection and: one of smaller size; the object 4
of this latter is to give a short movement to the plunger after a cigarette is in the
trough so as to move the cigarette and cause it to lie flat should it have fallen
angularly in the trough.
The bath and thereby the depositor is maintained at the proper temperaturo
either by suitable gas or other flame or by surrounding the trough with hot water 5
or steam.
The saddle may press only on the extreme end of the cigarette and is for the
purpose of preventing the deformation by bending of the cigarette under treatment
by the upward. pressure of the depositor. In some cases however I can make it have
a larger bearing surface and extend along the whole length of the portion of the 5
cigarette that is being coated,

page_text: I do not limit myself to any particular form for the saddle neither do I limit
myself to use it cold as in some circumstances it might be useful to have it beated.
The lever which carries the saddle also carries a pressure piece. This piece when
the saddle is in contact with the cigarette rests on the end of the rotating cigarette
holder and performs the function of preventing the spring acting through its lever
causing the saddle to press too hard upon the cigarette.
In all cases where metal is brought in contact with paraffin wax or the compound
used it is desirable that such metal should either be tinned or electro plated with
some metal upon which paraffin or compound used has no chemical action.
In the cigarette holder it is assumed that the cigarette is a sufficiently nice fit
in the part of the holder not bell mouthed to overcome the friction of the depositor
and so cause the rotation of the cigarette when in contact with the depositor.
A modification of this holder can be made if desirable by making a slot in the
tube through which is inserted a light spring, this spring being held in its place by
a clamping ring fitting tightly over and fastened to the tube. The entrance end of
the tube is internally tapered or slightly hell mouthed for the easy receipt of the
cigarette.
It is obvious that many other variations may be made in the form of this rotating
tubular cigarette holder as for instance by splitting the end of the tube that is not
bell-mouthed and thus giving a spring action to that end.
The action of such a machine is as follows:
Motion being given to the operating shaft the slide cam moves the slide allowing a
cigarette to fall which is pushed sideways by the slide into the trough, said cigarette
being now pushed endwise by the plunger which receives motion from the operating
shaft through the lever and lever cam into the rotating cigarette holder. The holder
receives its rotatory motion through the train of cog wheels from the operating shaft.
During the rotation of the said shaft the depositor and saddle cams likewise move
and in turn respectively raise and depress the levers carrying severally the saddle
and depositor.
Assuming that the saddle and deposit or have just closed on to the cigarette which
had previously been pushed into the holder by the plunger. During the time of
the plunger returning the slide has pushed a cigarette which drops into the trough.
The operating shaft continues to move through rather over half a revolution thereby
revolving the cigarette and completing the work of tipping when the depositor and
saddle cams again act on the saddle and depositor removing them away from the
tipped cigarette. The lever cain meantime coming into action acts through the
lever on the plunger causes the advancement of a fresh untipped cigarette which
ejects the tipped cigarette from the holder, the slide cam acting at the same time
on the slide has caused another cigarette to drop out of the hopper ready in its turn
to be pushed into the trough and thence into holder.
I desire it to be understood that I do not limit myself strictly to the exact con-
struction form and arrangement set forth herein as it is obvious that changes both
in form and arrangement of the several parts as described may be made according
to the nature of the material such as a strip of paper used for tipping cigarettes
without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as for instance the
depositor could remain fixed and the axially rotating cigarette holder, through the
end of which the cigarette projects could have an alternate and' intermittent motion
imparted to it so that it is alternately in the position to receive a cigarette and
afterwards to present it with sufficient contact pressure to the depositor; the
depositor receiving a supply of the compound to be deposited in any convenient way.
In a machine so modified in construction as above mentioned and in which
paraffin wax is used for tipping the principal modifications would be (1) that two of
the cog wheels mentioned would be carried by a frame instead of by standards,, said
frame being centred on the operating shaft. The third wheel remaining mounted
upon the operating shaft. (2) That the saddle cam may be dispensed with, the
lever carrying the saddle being operated instead by a stud fixed to the aforesaid'
frame. (3) That the depositor cam is dispensed with and in its place a cain called the

page_text: frame cam is attached to the intermediary cog wheel. Said cam acting against a
friction wheel thereby causing the before mentioned frame to rise and fall and
thereby carry a cigarette in the axially rotating holder alternately and intermittently
to and from the depositor against which it presses and rubs.
The operating shaft, slide and lever caus, the feeding hopper, slide, trough and
plunger would be the same. The depositor is drum-shaped and revolves in a bath of
molten paraffin wax. To ensure the holder during quick working from travelling
upwards too high a hood or stop is provided.
The action of such a machine so modified would be somewhat as follows:-Motion
being given to the operating shaft the slide can moves the slide allowing a cigareite
to fall which is then pushed sideways by the slide into the trough. Said cigarette
being next pushed endwise by the plunger into the rotating cigarette holder.
During one revolution of the operating shaft the holder makes two revolutions
whilst the frame cam makes only one during its revolution it impinges on the
friction wheel owing to the action of the frame spring thereby causing the frame.to
work up and down upon its 'centres and as said frame travels upwards and downwards
it carries a cigarette in the holder alternately to and from the depositor. A stud
affixed to the aforesaid frame on its upward motion lifts the lever carrying the saddle
and pressure pieces. Assuming that the parts of the machine are in such a position
that the holder has just receivedia cigarette and the slide having already moved
sufficiently to allow another cigarette to drop from the hopper ready to be pushed
into the trough as the plunger retires at the same time the stud on the frame having
lifted the saddle out of action, the frame cam 'having rotated sufficiently the frame
descends under the action of its spring carrying with it the revolving bolder bringing
its contained cigarette, the end of which is projecting from the holder, into contact
with the depositor. Simultaneously with the contact of the cigarette with the
depositor the stud on frame ceases to support the saddle lever and allows the spring
attached to said lever to cause the saddle to perform its function of preventing the
cigarette being bent by the upward pressure of the depositor.
Owing to the shape of the frame cam previously mentioned the continued rotation
of the operating shaft gives somewhat more than a complete revolution to the
cigarette whilst in contact with the depositor and that being completed the frame
cam again lifts the frame to a position where the cigarette already tipped is ejected
by the incoming cigarette pushed in by the plunger.
It is also obvious that although the machine as shewn is for use in tipping
cigarettes after they have left the neighbourhood of the cigarette making machine
the tipping portion of the machine could be adapted to and combined with a
cigarette making machine.
Dated this 29th day of June 1807
Improvements in Machinery for Finishing the End of a Cigarette.
I, JOSEPH SAMUEL BEEMAN of 182 Earl's Court Road, in the County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to unachinery for the formation on one end of cigarettes, of a
protective coating or covering, adherent to or absorbed by the cigarette paper and not
adherent to the lips of the smoker, thus forming what is known as a tipped cigarette
requiring no separate mouthpiece or holder.

page_text: The object of this invention is the construction of a machine by means of which
the mouth ends of cigarettes made by machinery may be covered, coated, impregnated
or otherwise tipped with a strip of paper, paraffin, other wax, or any other suitable
material.
Machines made according to this invention comprise an axially rotatable holder
through which a cigarette can be forced, and by which the cigarette is axially rotated.
The end of the cigarette projects from the holder and is tipped by coming into contact
with the material supplied to a "depositor" or equivalent device.
The depositor may be supplied with the material to be deposited in any convenient
manner, it may be of any shape, form of material, and, if necessary, may be heated.
When one cigarette has been tipped, another is introduced into the rotatable holder
and ejects the one previously tipped.
The depositor may move and come into contact with the cigarette as it rotates
with the holder, or the holder may carry the cigarette into contact with the depositor.
All the necessary
movements in the machine are preferably caused by
the rotation of one shaft, upon which are mounted cams or equivalents, or other
gearing so arranged that the various operations of the machine shall take place in
their proper sequence.
In the accompanying drawings
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 illustrate one construction of a machine according to this
invention,
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section on the line 1-1 of Figure 2,
Figure 2 is a plan of the same,
Figure 3 is an end elevation looking in the direction of the arrow in Figure 1, and
partly in section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a vertical section on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.
Figures 5 and 6 and 7 show details of modifications in certain parts of the
machine.
Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11 illustrate another construction of machine also according
to this invention,
Figure 8 is a side elevation partly in section on the line 8-8 of Figure 9.
Figure 9 is a plan of the saine,
Figure 10 is an end elevation partly in section on the line 10-10 of Figure 9.
Figure 11 is a vertical section on the line 11-11 of Figure 9.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
With reference first to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, A is a bed-plate upon which all
stationary parts of the machine are rigidly mounted, B are standar supporting a
shaft C from which the various parts of the apparatus are operated. The shaft C can
be rotated by means of a pulley (or by a handle, and carries upon it three cams
D, D1 and D2 and also a gear wheel E. F is a hopper or receptacle into which the
cigarettes to be tipped are placed. It is carried by standards F¹ and is provided with
an opening F through which the cigarettes may pass one at a time, to a trough G
situated below the opening. A slide H is provided at the bottom of the hopper, and
is reciprocated from the cam D¹ upon the operating shaft, this cam engaging with an
an angle piece H₁ fixed to the slide H. The return of the slide is brought about by
the action of a spring H2, the ends of which are fixed to the angle piece H2 and to a
fixed portion of the hopper respectively.
J is a plunger or shaft which slides freely in bearings J¹ fixed to the bel plate A.
The plunger J is in line with the trough G and it serves when reciprocated to eject
the cigarettes from said trough. The plunger J is reciprocated by means of a lever K
pivotted at one end as at K¹ and having its other end free to slide in a guide J² which
is fixed upon the plunger J. This lever K is moved by the.cam D carried upon the
operating shaft C and is brought back into its original position by means of a spring
K2 one end of which is fastened to the lever K and the other end to a support K³
fixed to the bed plate A.
Lis a tube mounted upon bearings L in such a manner that it is in line with the
trough G and the plunger J. At the end of the tube L adjacent to the trough G it

page_text: is slightly bell-mouthed in order that a cigarette passing into it from the trough inay
readily enter. Upon the tube L is mounted a gear wheel El which is driven from the
gear wheel E carried by the shaft C by means of an intermedinte gear wheel E2 carried
by a standard E3. The diameters of the gear wheels E, E, are preferably such
that the cigarette-holding tube I shall make about two complete revolutions for
every single revolution of the operating shaft C.
M is a vessel or bath which contains paraffin-wax or other material with which the
ends of the cigarettes are to be tipped. It is supported by standards M and may be
heated by a gas flame as shown diagrammatically at M². N is a lever pivotted on a
standard N and having at one end a spoon, spatula or equivalent depositor N by
means of which the melted wax may be applied to the end of the cigarette. The lever
N is so placed that the depositor N2 may dip into the bath M. This dipping occurs
when a stud N³ upon the lever N is lifted by the cam D2 carried by the operating
shaft C. The return of the lever N is caused by the action of a spring N, one end of
which is fixed to the end of the lever N remote from the depositor N2 and the other
end to the bed plate A. The upward movement of the depositor N can be regulated
by means of an adjustable stop No carried upon a standard No. A cigarette R is shown
in the holder L ready for tipping.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-
Motion being given to the shaft C the cam D' moves the slide H and allows a
cigarette to fall, which is pushed by the slide H on its return into the trough G. The
end of the plunger J now enters the trough G and ejects the cigarette which is thus
caused to enter the rotatable 'holder L. The plunger J moves sufficiently far to cause
the end of the cigarette to project from the holder L and over the depositor Nº for a
distance equal to the length which the tip is required to have. The cani D² now allows
the depositor N actuated by the spring N to rise and come gently into contact with
the end of the cigarette, which is thus tipped with the compound brought by the
depositor from the bath M. The cain D2 is so shaped that the depositor Nº remains in
contact with the end of the cigarette while the latter makes slightly more than one
complete revolution, and thus ensures that the tip shall extend right round the
cigarette. Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 show the machine at the point at which the depositor
has just risen into contact with the end of the cigarette which had previously been
pushed into the holder L by the plunger J. On the return of the plunger another
cigarette is inserted in the trough G by the action of the slide H. The depositor N³
is now withdrawn from the cigarette by the action of the cam D2 and the plunger J
again moving forward pushes a fresh cigarette out of the trough G into the
holder L and in so doing ejects the cigarette which has just been tipped from the
holder.. The second cigarette is now ready for tipping in the manner above
described.
The cigarette-holding tube I, as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 is of such a bore
that the cigarettes fit it sufficiently tightly to be rotated and tipped. It may however,
be desired to provide more positive means for holding the cigarette in the tube;
Figures 5, 6, and 7 illustrate convenient methods by which this may be accomplished.
In Figure 5 the tube L is shown having a slot L2 in it and through this slot a light
spring L³ is passed into the interior of the tube L, its outer end being secured to the
exterior of the tube by a collar L. The tube shown in Figure 6 has one of its end
slotted as at Lo and the slight spring thus given to the tube is sufficient to grip the
cigarette and cause it to be rotated with the tube L.
In Figure 7 a spring 1.3 is shown, which presses out of the tube L at one end, and
is secured to a collar 14.
Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 illustrate a machine similar to that previously described
in which however, the depositing device does not reciprocate, the necessary
intermittent contact between the cigarette and the depositor being caused by the
reciprocating movement of the rotating holder L. This is accomplished in the
following manner:
'The cigarette-holding tube L with its gear wheel E¹ and the intermediate gear
wheel F² are carried by a frame P, the back end of which is pivotted round the

page_text: operating shaft C, its opposite end being controlled by a spring P¹. Upon the inter-
mediate gear wheel E2 is carried a cam Et which by acting in conjunction with a friction
roller E carried by a standard E causes the frame P-to reciprocate and to bring
the end of the cigarette carried in the holder L. into contact with a rolling
depositor which revolves in a bath M containing the tipping material. The
rolling depositor Q is driven by a pulley Q and band Q2 from a smaller pulley Q³
upon the operating shaft C.
The cam E is so shaped that the holder L. rises into line with the trough G at
the right time to receive a fresh cigarette and stays there long enough for that
action to take place. In order to avoid the holder L travelling too far in an upward
direction during quick working a stop is provided which may conveniently form
part of one of the bearings F1 which support the hopper F.
The other details of construction in this machine are substantially as herein before
described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
It is desirable wherever metal is brought into contact with paraffin-wax or other
material used for tipping the cigarette that such metal should be tinned or electro-
plated with some metal-upon which the material has no chemical action.
Although in the foregoing description, the material used for the covering of the end
of the cigarette has generally been stated to be paraffin-wax, the apparatus can be
modified to suit other material such as paper or cork. This may be, effected by
removing the bath M and gas jet M² illustrated in Figures 2, and 3, and, by placing
strips of paper or cork previously provided with adhesive material, upon the depositor N2
as indicated by chain lines at S in Figures 2 and 3. It is evident that the end of
the strip S adjacent to the cigarette R will come into contact with and adhere to
it, and be wound round it as it rotates.
It is obvious that various alterations may be made in the construction of this
apparatus without departing in any way from the spirit of the invention. For
instance, the springs may be replaced in some cases by counter-weights and the
material used for tipping the cigarettes may be melted by gas, steam, or any other
suitable means.
Again, the depositor may be fed with the tipping material by means of a wick one
end of which dips in a bath containing the material.
Although the machines herein described are for use in tipping cigarettes after they
have been inade, it is obvious that those portions of the machine which perform the
tipping operation can be readily adapted to and combined with a cigarette making
machine.
The cigarettes treated in apparatus of the kind described can be of a section other
than circular.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In-a-machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes an axially rotatable-holder
through which a-sigarette-can-be-forced-and-by which it is axially rotated.
1. In a machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes the combination with an
axially rotatable holder through which a cigarette can be forced and by which it is
axially rotated of n an automatic "depositor" or device by which the end of the a
cigarette is tipped with wax or paper or cork or other covering.
2. 3. In a machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes an axially rotatable holder
through which a cigarette can be forced and by which it is axially rotated said holder
being intermittently reciprocated between two er mere points for the purpose described.
3. 4. In a machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes the combination with an
axially rotatable holder through which a cigarette can be forced and by which it is
axially rotated of an intermittently reciprocating depositor," automatically
reciprocated.
:
45: In a machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes the-esmbination-with an
axially rotatable holder through which a cigarette can be forced and by which it is

page_text: axially rotated said holder being intermittently reciprocated towards and away from
a non-reciprocating "depositor."
6. 6. In a machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes a "depositor" such as N²
automatically moving into and out of a bath containing the tipping material for the
purpose described.
"
6. In a machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes a depositor" such as Q
revolving in a bath containing the tipping material for the purpose described in
combination with a reciprocating cigarette holder which imparts rotation to 'the
cigarette.
S. In a machine-for-finishing the ends of cigarettes the combination with an axially
rotatable-holder-of-apparatus for feeding-eigarettes-into-the-holder.
0. In-a-machine-for-finishing the ends of cigarettes the combination with an axially
rotatable-heliler-of-apparatus for feeding cigarettes-into-the-holder-operating-so-that
each-completed-cigarette-is-ejected-by-the-succeeding-eigarette.
10. In a-machine for finishing the ends--of--cigarettes the combination-with-an
axially rotatable holder-of-n hopper or receptacle for supplying that holder with
cigarettes substantially-as described with or without a reciprocating slide such as H.
11. In-a-machine for finishing the ends of eignrettes-the-combination-with-an
axially-rotatable holder of a-hopper or receptacle-and-a reciprocating plunger such
us-J-whereby the-cigarettes-are-supplied from-the-hopper-to-the-holder.
12. In a machine for finishing-the-ends-of-cigarettes-a-rotatable holder-as-claimed
in-the-first-claiming-clause constructed-to-grip a cigarette with suffieient-firmness-to
ensure cigarette-and-holder-rotating in-company.
13. In-a-machine for finishing the ends of eignrettes-a-rotatable holder-as-claimed
in the first-claiming clause-made elastic or having an elastic portion to gripu-cigarette
for the purpose-described.
11. un machine for finishing-the-ends-of-cigarettes-n-rotatable holder of the kind.
described-having a spring such as I³ or slots such as L³-substantially-as-described
or illustrated in Figure-5-or-Figure 6-er-Figure-7 of the accompanying drawings
7. . The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
machine for finishing the ends of cigarettes substantially as described or illustrated
in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 or Figures 9, 10, 11.8, 9, 10, and 12 11 of the accompanying.
drawings.