matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW MOTIVE-POWER MACHINE
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Morrison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th October 1874.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT MORRISON, of Four, Petherton Road, Highbury
New Park, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW MOTIVE-POWER MACHINE," to be as follows:—
From the axles of the wheel frame of an ordinary three-wheel carriage
iron rods rise, fixed perpendicularly in them. These rods are connected
by horizontal rods and move in pivots at their junction with them.
Upon these horizontal rods the seat part of the carriage rests. The
upright rod springing from the guide wheel runs up in front of the seats,
bends at the top towards the driver, and ends in a handle. The driver on
taking his seat by this handle draws the upper part of the guide wheel
rod towards himself, and in so doing (by the operation of the horizontal
rods) moves the other upright rods at the same angle, and also thereby
moves the whole upper part of the carriage (which rests exclusively upon
them) slightly backwards. The effect of this is to throw the weight of

page_text: the entire no longer perpendicularly but laterally on to the axles of the
wheels, generating a forward motion in them. This motion is regulated
by the angle which the upright rods are caused to make with the ground,
and is stopped by bringing back the guide wheel rod again to the
perpendicular.
A NEW MODE OR METHOD OF OPENING LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS MORE EXPEDITIOUSLY THAN IS DONE AT PRESENT
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Corrado Rutulini at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th March
1874.
I, CORRADO RUTULINI, of 15, Lausanne Road, Peckham, in the
County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW MODE OR METHOD OF OPENING LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS MORE
EXPEDITIOUSLY THAN IS DONE AT PRESENT," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to render the opening of an envelope
when received fastened up in the usual manner easier and more
expeditious, and in lieu of the ordinary manner of inserting the finger
and tearing it open to get at its contents. It will also open the envelope in
such a manner that any attempt to reseal or refasten it will be frustrated.
There is also in connection with thus opening an envelope a simple mode
of withdrawing its contents at the same time, and the manner of carrying
this improvement into effect is as follows:-To an ordinary envelope is
attached in the fold of the opening tongue or flap a piece of fine string,
silk, or like material, and is allowed to protrude at each or one end, and
when the tongue or flap is gummed down in the usual way the receiver

page_text: of the letter has merely to rip open the fold by means of the string or
silk, which by protruding at the end enables him to do.
The piece of string, silk, or other like material adopted may be per-
manently fixed in the fold by means of gum or other like adhesive.
To withdraw the contents at the same time as opening the envelope I
merely attach to the opening string or silk a narrow piece of paper the
depth of the envelope and turned up at the bottom end which makes a
sort of catch to receive the contents of the envelope, and which brings it
forth when the envelope is opened in the manner above described.
The string or silk may be placed at the bottom instead of the top or
opening fold if desired, and the protruding end or ends of the string, silk,
or like material may be ornamented with a small silk tassel, bead, or other
similar manner that may be desired."
This method can be applied to other papers that are folded and have
to be opened or cut; also to books, newspapers, and periodicals.
A NEW OR IMPROVED FASTENING FOR SOLITAIRES, SLEEVE LINKS, STUDS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Carter and John Ashwin
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 30th June 1874.
We, ROBERT CARTER and John Ashwin, trading under the Firm of
Carter and Ashwin, at Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturing Jewellers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED FASTENING FOR SOLITAIRES, SLEEVE LINKS,
STUDS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY," to be as follows:-
According to this Invention the stud consists of two separate parts,
and the essential feature of our Invention consists of the fastening by
which the two parts are securely held together when required. Both
of the discs are provided with tubular shanks, but that attached to the
lower or under side disc is sufficiently large (but no larger) to receive
within it the shank of the upper disc. In the lower part of the tubular
shank of the lower disc is placed a coiled or helical spring, the tendency
of which will of course be to force upwards the shank of the upper dise
when pressed down upon it. Upon the periphery of the shank of the
upper disc are placed at equidistant positions two pins or stops, and two

page_text: corresponding vertical grooves being cut out of the tubular shank of the
lower disc to a convenient distance, the said pins or stops will be free to
descend so far as these grooves extend, and the said grooves being
extended to a certain distance laterally they will be free to turn therein.
The two grooves are now taken upwards until the ring of the shank is
reached, and by the pressure of the helical spring before mentioned the
shank of the upper disc is pressed upwards until the two pins or stops,
with which the tubular shank of the said upper disc is fitted, come
against the said ring of the tubular shank of the said under side disc,
and the fastening is complete.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON BALE TIES, WHICH TIES ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Dale Roddey at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
November 1874.-A communication from abroad by William
Cooper, of Tyler, Texas, in the United States of America.
I, PHILIP DALE RODDEY, of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States of
America, but at present of 23, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of, the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON BALE TIES, WHICH TIES ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES," a communication to me from abroad by William Cooper, of
Tyler, Texas, also in the United States of America, to be as follows :—
The Invention has reference to fastening bale ties, and consists in the
shape and construction of the locking device. In one end of the tie is
formed a slot of corresponding shape and size to the bolt which is fixed
on or near the other end of the tie. It is made of sufficient size to allow
the bolt to pass freely in and out in locking or unlocking the tie. The
bolt is wedge-shaped and is constructed with a catch or hook at its small
end, and with a groove or recess the whole length of cach of its sides of
sufficient width to admit the thickness of the tie. The slot or the bolt is

page_text: by preference placed at a slight angle to the tie, so as to prevent their
becoming accidentally disconnected. Thus as soon as the wedge-shaped
bolt passes into the slot and strain is brought on the tie, the bolt
immediately locks throughout its length, the edges of the slot passing
into the grooves on the sides of the bolt.
This Invention is applicable to ties for cotton bales, and for securing
bales of other merchandize.
A NEW ANd Improved BilliARD TABLE
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Kortright Brock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th March 1874.
I, WILLIAM KORTRIGHT BROCK, of 35, Walbrooke, in the City of
London, Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for “A NEW ANd Improved BilliARD TABLE," to be as follows :—
The table is of the ordinary size and shape, but has these special
characteristics, the edges of its bed between each pocket arc formed
of wooden or metal rollers placed on the same level, and are either
inserted in it or are supported on brackets springing from the sides of
the frame. Immediately beneath and parallel to these are a second set
of rollers revolving in arms also springing from the sides of the frame.
These rollers have fixed on all their ends bevelled metal cog wheels
which work into each other at the four corners of the table, all revolving
simultaneously in the same direction and moved by a handle or handles
applied at one or more opposite corners, as may be found necessary. To
the lower set of rollers which are tubular, solid, or split the cloth is
attached by any means most suitable, but preferably by placing its
edges between their split halves, afterwards drawn together, and they being

page_text: then made to revolve the cloth is equally stretched in every direction,
except that portion over the pockets which is arranged by hand
afterwards.
The cushions of the table are also supported by curved rests springing
from the sides and are separated from and raised above the level of the 5
bed such a distance as may be practically found convenient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL VALVES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Albert Huggett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th October 1874.
I, JOHN ALBERT HUGGETT, of 12, Ferndale Road, Clapham, in the
County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL VALVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ball valves.
In constructing ball valves suitable to control the supply of water to
cisterns, I arrange a delivery spout with a tubular stem to slide in a
socket or tube in which the delivery pipe terminates; a cupped leather
surrounds the delivery tube, and prevents the water forcing its way
between it and the socket. The delivery tube is closed at its inner end
and has slits in its sides.
When the delivery tube is pushed inwards the water is able to pass
freely from the supply pipe through the slits, and it runs out from the
spout; but when the delivery tube is drawn or allowed to move outwards
a short distance the slits in its sides become covered by the cup
leather, and no water can pass through them,

page_text: ..
A horn upon the socket carries the axis of a lever with a ball float at
its end, and on the boss of the lever is a short finger or arm, which enters
between two projections on the delivery spout, so that the ball float
serves to give a short sliding motion to the delivery spout out or in as
the water rises or falls in the cistern, the supply of which the ball valve i
controls. Or in some cases I form perforations around the supply pipe
for the delivery of the water, and I fit within the pipe a plunger with a
cup leather upon it to cover and uncover these perforations.
A ball lever and float give motion to the plunger. Or in order that
the plunger may not be affected by the pressure of the water in the 1
main, I provide it with two cupped leathers face to face with an interval
between them. The water from the main is admitted between the
cupped. leathers by perforations in the side of the pipe in which the
plungers work, and there are other perforations in the same pipe for the
escape of the water when required. These latter openings are covered 1
or uncovered according to the position in which the plunger is held by
the ball float and lever.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Henry Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th January 1874.
I, JAMES HENRY SMITH, of Albion Works, Landsdowne Road, London
Fields, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare tho
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," to
be as follows :—
1st. An adjustable presser spring and foot steadier having for its
object to dispense with coiled spring and steady pins as generally used
by other machines; the same consists of a flat spring so made and
applied that it fits into a cross slot in a convenient part of the presser
spindle.
2nd. Cotton take-up actuated by a cam on revolving shaft, whereby
the take-up can be timed. In conjunction with the same I also claim a
shed with flat spring on it or washers moving up and down with needle
bar, between which the cotton is passed, having for its object the
prevention of missing stitches and drawing up the last loop tightly.
3rd. Compensating plate on irregular or cam motions, as applied
either to needle bar or shuttle carrier for the purpose of always keeping

page_text: the same tight on roller or part working in the slot and so placed that
it works on a joint or socket and is kept up by a spring.
4th. Shuttle lifter for raising the shuttle out of the shuttle box
thereby obviating the necessity of using any instrument for raising the
shuttle at the risk of injury to the shuttle or shuttle box. In conjunction {
with the same a flat spring or other device for the purpose of keeping
the shuttle down and restraining the thread from passing over the shuttle
too quickly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING HAT BODIES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Eaton, of Stockport, in the County of
Chester, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING HAT BODIES."
Scaled the 2nd October 1874, and dated the 7th August 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Eaton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th August 1874.
I, JOHN EATON, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING HAT BODIES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention is applicable to stretching the tips and brims of felt
hat bodies, and one of the principal features of novelty in this apparatus

page_text: is that the bodies are stretched whilst they are immersed in hot
water.
The framing of the machine supports a trough or vessel in which the
water and acid contained, and kept at a boiling heat or nearly so by
means of a steam pipe. Above this trough is mounted a swinging frame,
which is balanced (or nearly so), so that it can easily be moved from a
vertical to a horizontal position, and back again by means of a lever or
handle attached to the axis on which it turns. This frame carries two
stretching levers mounted so as to be capable of oscillating on central
studs. The upper or longer ends of these levers are connected by links
working upon ball-and-socket joints to a central lover, by means of
which their ends can be brought nearer together or moved further apart,
as may be desired, the amount of motion being limited by means of stops
which are capable of adjustment. The other or shorter ends of the
stretching levers cach carry a pair of jaws covered with india-rubber or
other suitable material, which are opened and closed by means of quick
threaded screws.
"
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The swinging frame being
in a horizontal position (or nearly so), and the jaws being in their
nearest position, a hat body is placed between the jaws and the latter
closed by the screws, so as to hold the body firmly. The swinging
frame is now moved into a vertical position which causes the jaws and
hat body to dip into tho boiling liquor; the central lover is next pulled
over, bringing the upper ends of the stretching levers closer together,
and consequently forcing the jaws asunder, and thus stretching the hat
body whilst it is in the hot liquor. When the body is sufficiently
stretched, the swinging frame is moved back into the horizontal position
which will raise the jaws and body out of the hot liquor, when the jaws
are opened and another hat body substituted, and then the same operation
is repeated as before.
The studs on which the stretching levers oscillate are movable, and
by placing them further apart or nearer together, and using longer or
shorter links, the same machine can be adapted for stretching either the
brims or the tips of the hat bodies.
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF EMBROIDERY OR BORDERING FOR SKIRTS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF CLOTHING
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Barnard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
23rd July 1874.
I, FREDERICK BARNARD, of No. 64, Wood Street, in the City of
London, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF EMBROIDERY OR BORDERING FOR SKIRTS AND
OTHER ARTICLES OF CLOTHING," to be as follows :—
The object of this Invention is the embroidering or bordering of skirts
and other articles of clothing, and consists in the use of fine or three
thread wools, such wools having colours imparted by dyeing in the
direction of their length, and in sewing them upon the article by an
"excelsior" sewing machine, when the various shades of colours blend
and produce novel and pleasing effects.
Instead of various coloured dyed wools being employed, various
coloured threads also dyed in the direction of their length can be used,
these being sewn on singly, or with two or more threads in combination,
such threads being sewn upon the fabric by an "excelsior" machine.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC SIGNALLING APPARATUS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Augustus Camp at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th May 1874..
I, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS CAMP, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, now of No. 8, Southampton Buildings,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC SIGNALLING APPARATUS,” to be as follows:
The object of this Invention is the transmission of conventional signals
from a number of signal boxes placed at intervals along circuits, all
connected with a recording apparatus at the central station.
The signalling apparatus consists of three weighted levers provided
with finger knobs. The weighted end of these levers is in the form of a
segment of a circle, and the periphery thereof is provided with the
several metallic points and insulations to form the characters. Perforated
paper pasted on this periphery is preferable. Bearing on the periphery
of the keys are contact rollers connected with each other and with the
line wire. The keys are connected with the earth. In a state of rest
the contact rollers lie upon the insulated part of the periphery of the

page_text: levers, and the line is disconnected from the earth. By depressing a
key the weighted end of the lever rises and transmits a number of.
irregular pulsations to the central station, setting the recording apparatus
in motion by actuating an electro-magnet, which releases clockwork. If
now the finger is taken off the said key the lever drops by gravity, and
pulsations necessary for the signal are transmitted over the wire and
recorded upon chemically prepared paper always in a regular manner.
By using chemically prepared paper instead of electro-magnets I am
enabled to dispense with the clockwork and similar devices used to reduce
the speed with which the character is transmitted over the wire, as the
chemical paper will record signals at a speed which would be impossible
with an electro-magnetic recorder.
The recorder has clockwork mechanism which gives motion to a
continuous strip of chemically prepared paper, the drum on which the
paper rests being connected to the battery, while a decomposing wire
rests upon the paper. The said clockwork is released and allowed to
move the paper along by the closing of an electro-magnet placed in a
local circuit, which circuit is opened and closed by a relay magnet placed
in the same circuit as the decomposing devices.
The signalling apparatus or instruments are placed within interrupted
derived circuits connected to the line at intervals, and not in the usual
manner. When a signal is transmitted the main circuit is closed the
necessary number of times to form the signal. When no signals are
being transmitted from any box the main line is open.
A NEW AND IMPROVED APPLIANCE TO BE ADAPTED TO LIQUID MEASURES TO PREVENT SPILLING THE CONTENTS THEREOF WHEN FULL
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dove at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th February
1874.
I, WILLIAM DOVE, of Downham Market, in the County of Norfolk,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED APPLIANCE TO BE ADAPTED TO LIQUID MEASURES TO PREVENT SPILLING
THE CONTENTS THEREOF WHEN FULL," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an appliance to be adapted to liquid
measures, in order that such measures may be filled to the brim and
moved about without spilling any of the contents thereof, thus enabling
tradesman to give good measure.
The following is an example of my said Invention:-Near the top of
the measure is pivoted a conical trough, hollow ball, or other suitable
shaped hollow vessel, so that when the measure is filled with liquid upon
turning the trough or vessel down to about an angle of 75 degrees by
means of a lever or otherwise it shall partially fill with the liquid con-
tained in the measure, thus bringing the level of such liquid considerably

page_text: ↑
below the top of the measure, and enabling it to be carried without
spilling.
I would remark that the measures to which this apparatus is to be
adapted must be made larger than an ordinary measure to contain the
same quantity, that is to say, that it shall be made of such a size as to 5
have the same capacity with the appliance in it as an ordinary measure
would have without such appliance.
It will be found that upon emptying a measure with this improved
appliance adapted thereto that the liquid will come out of the aforesaid
trough or vessel immediately the level of the liquid in the measure is 1
below the said trough or vessel.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE READY RECKONING APPARATUS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Burkard at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
August 1874.
I, ADAM BURKARD, of Fore Street, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
PORTABLE READY RECKONING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of enabling the product of
any two numbers to be ascertained without the necessity of calculation;
the arrangement of parts comprising the apparatus may be thus
described.
A table comprising the product of any two or more numbers arranged
in the ordinary square multiplication table form is first written, printed,
or otherwise impressed on a square piece of card, metal, or other stiff
material. This table of numbers is provided with a cover of blank
material similar in size and shape to itself, in which are perforated or
otherwise formed a diagonal line of square holes, so arranged that when
the numbered plate and its cover exactly cover each other and arc in
their normal position, the holes will expose that set of numbers on the

page_text: under table, commencing at the top right hand corner, which will be the
last number of the first line, and then running in a diagonal line
terminates with the number at the lowest left hand corner, being the first
number of the last line. These two plates are then enclosed in a box
double their length, in which they can easily be made to slide, and a
central perpendicular slot or scries of apertures made in the outer
covering or case corresponding with the line of numbers contained in
the under enclosed table.
The table of numbers and its cover are both provided with projecting
pins or pointers, which protrude through horizontal slots formed in the
bottom of the enclosure or case, so that by means of the pins the table
and its cover can be moved, so as to expose through the central slot of
the enclosure any number required of the under table. But in order to
get the product of any two numbers required, the horizontal slots formed
in the outer enclosure and which are just below the bottom of the table
of numbers and its cover are each provided with a line of figures, onc
line being on one side of the central perpendicular slot or aperture, and
the other line on the opposite side thereof, so that when the product of
any two numbers is required, the pointer connected with the table of
numbers is moved to the multiplier number, and the position of the.
blank plate or cover is moved to the multiplicand number, both on the
horizontal line of figures before mentioned, at which time one of the
square holes of the cover will expose through the central perpendicular
slot of the outer case the product of the two numbers at which the
pointers stand.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF TRANSFERRING DESIGNS OR DEVICES OR ORNAMENTAL PATTERNS ON WOOD OR OTHER SUITABLE SURFACES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Woodford Fawcett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
June 1874.
c
I, WOODFORD FAWCETT, of 14, Aldersgate Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF TRANSFERRING DESIGNS OR DEVICES OR ORNAMENTAL
PATTERNS ON WOOD OR OTHER SUITABLE SURFACES," to be as follows:-
-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of transferring on to
suitably prepared surfaces of wood, papier mächè, or the like designs,
such as crests, monograms, and arms or ornamental figures, pictures, or
patterns, the adaptation of which may be employed for decorating
carriages, furnature, the interior of buildings, or for other useful and
ornamental purposes.
The improvements consist, first, in preparing the surface of the wood
or other material intended to receive the transfer by giving it a fine
smooth and uniform face, after which the design or device to be trans-
ferred thereto is drawn on stone or stones, and then printed upon
transfer paper according to the lithographic or cromo-lithographic
processes.

page_text: The design when taken from the stone or stones by the transfer paper
is next subjected to the action of a "key stone" previously prepared,
which covers the whole of the printed surface of the transfer paper con-
taining the design with a coating of size or varnish. The transfer paper
thus coated and whilst in a tacky or sticky condition is taken and
placed face downward upon the previously prepared wooden or other
surface, and well pressed thereupon by means of an ordinary printing
press, pressure pads, or rollers, after which the upper back exposed
surface of the paper is thoroughly damped and withdrawn, the design it
contained being left adhering to the prepared surface of the wood, which
when dry and thoroughly set can be polished, varnished, or otherwise
treated for the purpose of forming a protection to the design or device so
transferred. By this process designs can be transferred to mouldings or
to other curvilinear surfaces, the pressure rollers or pads employed being
formed to suit the curve of the mould which is to receive the design.
AN IMPROVED FIRE-LIGHTER AND FUEL
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Jacobs and John Munt
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 29th April 1874.
We, HENRY JACOBS and JOHN MUNT, both of Limehouse, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED FIRE-LIGHTER AND FUEL," to be as follows:
Our Invention relates to an improved combustible composition, which
when moulded into blocks for cakes serves either as a fire-lighter for
domestic use or it may constitute the fuel itself in certain cases for
cooking purposes.
The composition consists of the following ingredients:-Cocoa-nut
fibre, Sawdust, Rosin, Coal dust, Oil.

page_text: thereto, after which the coal dust, sawdust, and small or waste cocoa-nut
fibre are added, and the whole well worked up together. When well
incorporated the composition is filled into moulds and consolidated
therein by pressure in a suitable press.
AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND WATER IN THE PRODUCTION OF STEAM
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Horatio Jones and
Richard George White at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th September 1874.
We, GEORGE HORATIO JONES, Surgeon Dentist, 57, Gt. Russell
Street, Bloomsbury, and RICHARD GEORGE WHITE, 3, Edith Grove,
West Brompton, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND WATER IN THE PRODUCTION
OF STEAM," to be as follows:―
The novelty of our Invention consists of an auxilary in the production
of steam and the saving of fuel and water, either in the propulsion of
locomotive or the working of stationary engines. Our method to effect
this purpose is by employing the waste steam, that is, the steam escaping
from the waste or exaust pipe after having being used for the purpose of
driving the engine. This steam is conveyed by a pipe to the inlet at
the top of a pump worked by the engine which forces the steam

page_text: through the pump into the water contained in the boiler; this has the
effect of giving off a largely increased volume of steam consequent on
the heat latent in steam; this steam being partially and continually
used for the purpose of heating the water and partially for driving the
engine, thus saving fuel and water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF ANTISEPTIC PAPER FOR CABINET' AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert William Hart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th November 1874.
I, HERBERT WILLIAM HART, of Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the
County of Middlesex, "Professor of the Antiseptic and Dietetic Treat-
ment of Disease," do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF ANTISEPTIC PAPER FOR CABINET'
AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to paper prepared in a peculiar manner for
use in cabinets or water or other closets and for similar purposes.
This paper is prepared in the following manner:-I take any soft paper
which is free from substances that would irritate or injure the anal tube
or adjacent parts, and coat the same with a lubricative compound con-
sisting preferably of the following ingredients, namely, spermaceti wax
and camphor. Or the compound may consist of camphor mixed with
other suitable lubricating substances. This composition is applied to the
surface of the paper, and must have such a consistency that when the
paper is used the warmth of the body will soften the composition
thereon, and the same will have a lubricating and antiseptic effect.
AN IMPROVED MOTIVE-POWER APPARATUS, SPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd October 1874.-A communication from abroad by Messrs. Redon
and Company, of Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MOTIVE-POWER APPARATUS, SPECIALLY
APPLICABLE TO SEWING MACHINES.-A communication to me from abroad by
Messrs. Redon and Company, of Paris, France," to be as follows:-
This apparatus has been invented specially for driving automatically
sewing machines of every kind.
Upon reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawing it will be seen
that by turning the crank C two springs A may be wound around their
axle by means of the toothed wheel F fixed on the shaft B, upon which
the two springs are set. These springs being wound up the toothed
wheel G receives the rotatory impulsion, and by means of the pinion J
turns the pulley L fitted to the sewing machine.
To stop or lessen the speed of the mechanism a steel band or plate Q
passes over a pulley Z set on the axle K in order to give the requisite

page_text: facility for stopping or lessening the speed by their friction. This friction
is brought into operation by the pressure of the foot upon a treadle.
When the machine is to work constantly this friction is avoided by
suspending the steel band from the spiral spring U, the axle K being
thus permitted to turn as rapidly as the machinist may desire. A fly
is also fitted to this arrangement to regulate the speed of the mechanism,
and consists of an escapement wheel N pressing upon an endless screw O,
to which is fitted a small fly wheel P. Thus according to this system
the sewing machine may work without the aid of the hands or feet,
and the machinist will simply have to attend to the material to be
sewn.
IMPROVEMENTS IN Box SMOOTHING IRONS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Warner, Harry George
Warner, and William Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners
I of Patents, with their Petition, on the 15th June 1874.
We, HENRY WARNER, HARRY GEORGE WARNER, and WILLIAM
JACKSON, all of Ipswich, in the County of Suffolk, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN Box
SMOOTHING IRONS," to be as follows:-
This improved Invention consists of an apparatus simply arranged
and commonly called by the appellation of a box smoothing iron,
heated by gas burnt atmospherically, viz., by gas being diluted with the
atmosphere before entering the iron.
The above-named iron may be made or cast of different metals as iron,
brass, copper, or steel, but generally we prefer iron or brass shaped on
the outside to suit the house and laundry, or for calanders, hatters,
tailors, and other trades, the inside is corrugated or vandyked to give
greater heating surface and more efficient combustion by being grooved,
forming an air conduit between and in connection with the door and
the other outlet, the inside is also fitted with a burner connected with a

page_text: pipe and made to suit the purposes above-mentioned. The perforated
door and burner are easily fixed by means of four small studs and a pro-
jection on the door. On the other side of the door is a projection serving
to assist the draught and protect the hands from any heat which may
arise from the door. In the centre of the door outside is the mixer which
mixes the gas with the air in proper proportions before entering the
burner, and the atmospheric air enters at the perforations in the door for
combustion. On the top of the smoothing iron at one end is a hollow
standard forming an Italian iron, and a conduit for the vitiated air, and
a standard at the opposite end supports a handle by which the iron is
worked on whatever fabric or article required to be smoothed after being
supplied with gas and lighted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nicholas Demetrius Spartali at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th April 1874.
.
I, NICHOLAS DEMETRIUS SPARTALI, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Steam Ship Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING
AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
In order to obtain an economical motive power I make use of the
weight of water (equal to 62lbs. per cubic foot) contained in a cylinder
or closed vessel for raising heavy weights and for turning the cranks of
engines of great power in combination with compressed air. To this end
I cither force water or water and air into a receiver, and then admit the
same into the working cylinder containing the pistons or rams to be
lifted, or I force the water and air directly into the working cylinders by
a pump or pumps. The accumulation of the water and air below the
piston of one of the cylinders will force up its piston and raise the weight
or turn round the cranks connected therewith. When the piston has
risen to its full height a valve in the cylinder is opened to relieve the

page_text: pressure, and the water and air will pass to the top of the piston of a
second cylinder. The effect of this will be to depress the piston in the
second cylinder and thereby to continue the rotation of the cranks, the
air meanwhile being exhausted below the piston. This action is repeated
alternately in the working cylinders.
In some cases I weight the pistons in the two cylinders with water,
and use air only or steam as the motive power for working the weighted
pistons.
In applying motive power to a piston propeller for propelling vessels
on the water I extend the piston rod of the engine rearwards, so as to
receive a propelling piston, this works in an open ended submerged
cylinder, but contracted conically at its rear end, and the opposite end of
the piston rod I link to a rock lever, a short arm of which is jointed to
the slide or valve rod of the engine. Thus the reciprocating action of
the piston will give directly the requisite reciprocation to the valve rod
of the engine.
Another improvement consists in cranking the driving shaft of screw
propellers with the view of adding weight and stiffness thereto. The
inner end of this shaft may be fitted with a fly wheel for steadying the
motion of the propeller.
E
AN IMPROVED AIR VALVE FOR CHURNS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Eastwood and Joseph
Garside at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 4th September 1874.
We, FREDERICK EASTWOOD and JOSEPH GARSIDE, both of Blackburn,
in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED AIR VALVE FOR CHURNS," to be as
follows:-
This improvement is chiefly intended for application to those churns
where the body of the churn revolves as in the "barrel churn," and is
intended to render the valve self-acting, so as to require no attention on
the part of the operative. For this purpose a stationary cam or eccentric
is placed on or near the axle of the churn, and a strap or foot turning
with the churn works on or against the said cam or eccentric, and
receives a reciprocating motion therefrom. A rod connects the said
strap or foot with a finger near the air valve, and the reciprocating
motion causes the said finger at a certain point in the revolution of the
churn to press the air valve and let out the air.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF BRAKE Power TO VEHICLES DRAWN BY HORSES OR OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Lewis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th July
1874.
I, JAMES LEWIS, of 41, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF BRAKE Power
TO VEHICLES DRAWN BY HORSES OR OTHER ANIMALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the method of applying
brake power to vehicles drawn by horses or other animals. For this
purpose in applying my improvements to draught vehicles such as
omnibuses and other carriages, I attach the connection between the pole
and the collar or between the collar or other part of the harness, and the
shafts of a vehicle to the pole or to a sliding bar or bars carried by the
pole or by the shafts as the case may be. The sliding bar is so arranged
as to act upon a lever or other mechanism which puts on the brake when
the horse is backed or when the vehicle is descending an incline, the

page_text: brake being self-acting under these circumstances; but when it is
necessary to back the vehicle the brake can be fixed out of action by the
driver acting on a lever, bolt, or stop to prevent the brake from acting.
The stopping of the horse or other animal is thus made available for
putting on the brake power in accordance with Invention.
my
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE AND TIP NAILS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Thomas Mackley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st July 1874.
I, GEORGE THOMAS MACKLEY, of Shoreditch, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE AND TIP NAILS," to be as
follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to the production of those nails termed horse
nails or tip nails, and consists in making or casting them in cast iron,
which is rendered malleable by the admixture of various irons in suitable
proportions, such admixture producing a cast iron which is of sufficient
malleability that it can be used for the purposes above described where
at present the nails are produced of the best wrought iron. By my Inven-
tion nails are thus produced with considerable saving of labor and at
less cost than those at present in use.
The proportions of iron which I prefer to use in the manufacture of
the said horse and tip nails is as follows:-I take either the iron known

page_text: as No. 5 hematite alone, or with No. 4 hematite, I mix in a cupola
furnace a proportion of white iron, one-third of the latter to two-thirds
of the former, and cast the nails in a suitable mould made for the
purpose.
PROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY COUPLINGS
Year: 1874

page_text: 10th January 1874.
I, JOHANN HEINRICH COHRS, of Steinstrasse, in the City of Hamburg,
"IM-
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
PROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY COUPLINGS," to be as follows:→
This Invention relates to improvements in railway couplings, by
which the passage of an attendant between the carriages is obviated for
coupling up and for uncoupling, and the usual screwing system outside
the carriage is dispensed with.
The Invention consists in threading a portion of the draw bar, which
is beneath the vehicle, and working an elongated nut, or a nut with
elongated bars thereon, the nut with or without the bars being in con-
nection with an extension piece through a long toothed pinion and a
socket forming the attachment to the resistance spring.

page_text: The long toothed pinion is geared into by a wheel upon a rod, whose
opposite end has a bevilled wheel upon it, and this is geared into by
another bevilled wheel upon a rod running athwart the carriage, and to
which handles are arranged for operating the coupling mechanism.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXAMINING METALLIC SHAFTS AND OTHER PIECES FOR THE DETECTION OF FLAWS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Baird Handyside and
Stephen Alley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 14th July 1874.
We, ROBERT BAIRD HANDYSIDE and STEPHEN ALLEY, both of
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXAMINING METALLIC
SHAFTS AND OTHER PIECES FOR THE DETECTION OF FLAWS, AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object to avoid the great destruction of
property, heavy expences for repairs, and in some cases loss of life,
arising from the breakage of shafts and other metallic pieces, which have
been unsound, although no flaw has been discernible on their outsides.
The larger and heavier the machinery the more costly is it, and the
greater the loss from breakage of the shafts or other pieces composing
it, but just as it is therefore the more important to secure soundness so
is it unfortunately the more difficult to make sure of the existence or
absence of flaws.
The propeller shaft of a screw steamer, or the crank shaft of powerful

page_text: urgently necessary to be able to examine or test as to their soundness in
a thoroughly reliable manner. Such pieces may, it is believed, be
satisfactorily examined according to the present Invention, which
consists in applying a stethoscope in a special manner to judge by
sound of the internal soundness or unsoundness of the shaft or other
piece.
In carrying out the Invention a stethoscope is combined with a light
adjustable bracket which carries a hammer in a position to strike the
shaft at a point, by preference, diametrically opposite to that where the
mouth of the stethoscope touches the shaft. The hammer has connected
to it a rod or lever with a handle in a convenient position for the person
applying his ear or ears to the stethoscope, and the hammer is arranged
with a spring, or in any convenient way, so that its strokes may be as
nearly alike as possible. A cam or ratchet wheel may be arranged to
be turned by hand, and act on the hammer lever so as to give a suc-
cession of uniform strokes.
The stethoscope mouth is, by preference, fitted with a lip of a flexible
material, such as rubber or leather, so that it may be very closely
applied to the shaft or piece under examination, and the stethoscope
may be made with two tubular branches so that the sound may be
listened to by both ears, which will not only admit of minute differences
of sound being more easily detected, but will also shut out extraneous
sounds, so that the instrument may be used even in a noisy place.
IMPROVED PORTABLE CLOSETS OR COMMODES FOR THE COLLECTION OF THE SOLID MATTERS OF HUMAN EXCREMENTS, AND FOR THE SEPARATION AND DEODORIZATION OF THE LIQUIDS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Martin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
December 1874.
I, WILLIAM MARTIN, of Newton Heath, near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED PORTABLE CLOSETS OR COMMODES FOR THE COLLECTION OF THE SOLID
MATTERS OF HUMAN EXCREMENTS, AND FOR THE SEPARATION AND DEODORIZATION
OF THE LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in each case in the employment of a box
having in one corner a perforated partition, and at the bottom a hole
leading to an under box or filter containing a series of circulating
chambers or passages formed by a number of metal or wooden partitions
having at their alternate ends parts cut away. These chambers are filled
with deodorizing substances or materials, and when the solid or semi-
solid foeces and urine pass into the upper box the urine and water in the
foeces pass through the perforated partition and hole into the lower box,
where they circulate from front to back over the parts cut away at the
tops of the partitions in the lower box, and through the disinfecting
materials in the several chambers, from whence the liquid passes through

page_text: a hole and pipe in the state of water comparatively pure, the solid parts
of the urine remaining in the disinfecting materials. These portable.
boxes are to be placed under the scats of ordinary privics, the liquid
passing to the sowers, and the box with the solid matters and disin-
fectants being changed for another from time to time; and when applied 5
to commodes the liquid is for a time collected in a vessel, or runs away
to the drains through a pipe supplied for the purpose.