Improvements in the Mode and Means for Making the Junctions of Cycle and other Frames, and in the Manufacture of the Tubes for such Framing Junctions.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan 1907
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb.. 1897-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
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Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb.. 1897-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Mode and Means for Making the Junctions of
Cycle and other Frames, and in the Manufacture of the Tubes
for such Framing Junctions.
We JOHN SPENCER, HERBERT SPENCER SMALLMAN, and THOMAS HARRIS
SPENCER, all of Globe Works, Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention has for its object improvements in the mode and means for making
the junctions of cycle and other frames, and in the manufacture of the tubes for such.
framing junctions which enables us to make such junctions and frames stronger and.
less liable to fracture in use.
We thicken the tubes which are to be joined to sockets or other members at their
end or ends either internally or externally or partly internally and partly externally..
In doing this we employ a gripper or die which may close and open upon the tube
with a collapsible mandril inside the tube which may be afterwards withdrawn,
and while it is so gripped, another part of the machine which we term the ram
is brought forward to press or strike the end of the tube. The head of this ram is.
formed with an outer shell and an internal tongue or projection which confines the
We may also thicken the
tube in the thickening operation within defined limits.
tube by revolving it in the spindle of a hollow headstock at great velocity while
the tool is brought against each end for thickening it and this may be done with
the ends of the tube either hot or cold according to the metal used, though we
prefer weldless tubes made from Swedish steel. We may also thicken the ends of
the tube with a pneumatic hammer worked rapidly. The ends of the tube may he
shouldered by passing them endwise between three projecting rolls or rollers and
the finishing may be done by machining. The junctions may be made by braizing
or soldering, or rusting and screws or pins may be passed through the socket and
the tube ends either in conjunction with the braizing and other means or alone.
We may also shrink a ferrule outside the socket or run it on a screw thread, or we
may tap the end of the tube into the socket or we may use a locking tapped
ferrule behind the socket or at the front, and in some cases we may use an
inside liner also in conjunction with the above and pass the screw or other pins
through the three or four thicknesses. In other cases we make an annular groove
in the thickened end of the tube into which the socket is forced and where it may
be secured by either screws or other pins or braizing, rusting or the like. By
these means we make strong junctions which may be braized without injuring the
body of the thin tubes used for the purpose as the thickened ends project somewhat
beyond the mouths of the sockets.
Dated the 15th day of January 1897
GEORGE BARKER,
77 Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in the Mode and Means for Making the Junctions of
Cycle and other Frames, and in the Manufacture of the Tubes.
for such Framing Junctions.
We, JOHN SPENCER, HERBERT SPENCER SMALLMAN and THOMAS HARRIS
SPENCER, all of Globe Works, Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained.
in and. by the following statement :-
Our invention has for its object improvements in the mode and means for making
the junctions of cycle and other frames and in the manufacture of the tubes for such
framing junctions, which enables us to make such junctions and frames stronger and
less liable to fracture in use.
We thicken the tubes, which are to be joined to sockets or other members at
their end or ends either internally or externally or partly internally and partly
externally. In doing this we employ a gripper or die, which may close and open
upon the tube, with a collapsable mandril inside the tube, which may be afterwards
withdrawn, and while it is so gripped another part of the machine, which we term
the ram, is brought forward to press or strike the end of the tube. The head of
this ram is formed with an outer shell and an internal tongue or projection, which
confine the tube in the thickening operation within defined limits. We may also
thicken the tube by revolving it in the spindle of a hollow headstock at great
velocity while the tool is brought against each end for thickening it, and this
may be done with the ends of the tube either hot or cold according to the metal
used, though we prefer weldless tubes made from Swedish steel. We may also
thicken the ends of the tube with a pneumatic hammer worked rapidly. The
ends of the tube may be shouldered by passing them end wise between three
projecting rolls or rollers, and the finishing may be done by machining. The
junctions may be made by braizing or soldering or rusting, and screws or pins
may be passed through the socket and the tube end either in conjunction with
the braizing and other means or alone. We may also shrink a ferrule outside the
socket or run it on a screw thread, or we may tap the end of the tube into the
socket, or we may use a locking tapped ferrule behind the socket or at the front,
and in some cases we may use an inside liner also in conjunction with the above
and pass the screw or other pins through the three or four thicknesses. In other
cases we make an annular groove in the thickened end of the tube, into which
the socket is forced and where it may be secured by either screw or other pins or
braizing, rusting or the like. By these means we make strong junctions which
may be braized without injuring the body of the thin tubes used for the purpose,
as the thickened ends project somewhat beyond the mouths of the sockets.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practical effect we have appended hereunto double sized sheet of drawings,
upon which we have illustrated examples of our improvements.
Figure 1 is a part front elevation, shewing one of our methods for holding the
tube while the ends are thickened or staved up.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the collapsable mandril for inserting in the
interior of the tube during the thickening process.
Figure 3 is a cross section of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a sectional view of the tool or ram for thickening the end of the
tube.

page_text: Figure 5 is a front elevation of another method for holding the tube during they
process of staving up or thickening the ends.
Figure 6 is a diagram view of one method of counter-sinking the thickened eill
of the tube.
In carrying our invention into practice for thickening the ends of tubes wen
employ the vertical ram or gripper A, which grips the tube T as it rests upon th⠀
hed B. This gripper may grip the whole length of the tube it required and may
be operated by hydraulic power or by other means. We then insert into the tube
the collapsable mandril M, the centre portion of which is formed taper and the
outer parts in section as clearly shown at Figures 2 and 3. After the mandril has.
been inserted the gripper is operated so as to firmly hoid the tube while the end is-
thickened or staved up by the horizontal ram, which may also be operated by
hydraulic power or other means. The head D of this ram is formed with an outer
shell d' and an internal tongue or projection d², which enters the end of the tube
during the thickening process and confines that part of the tube between the outer
shell and the internal tongue or projection.
Instead of holding the tube by means of a gripper we may secure the tabe in the
hollow spindle S, which is mounted in the headstock H and revolved at a vey high.
speed. The tool which is fitted on the head of the ram D is then brought to bear
against the end of the tube, which is thickened or staved up as previously -
described.
In some cases we may operate the tool for thickening or staving up the ends of
the tube by means of a pneumatic hammer working at a high speed, and the tube
may either be held stationary as shown at Figure 1 or it may be made to revolve
as shown at Figure 5. The ends of the tubes may be either hot or cold when they
are thickened or staved up.
At Figure 6 we have shown a diagram view of our method of shouldering or
reducing the ends of the tube so as to make the joint flush with the socket, and
this we accomplish by mounting the three rollers R, R' and R' in a suitable frame..
The end of the tube is then laid between the rollers R' and R2 and the roller Ris
brought to bear upon the tube, which is caused to revolve, by which means the
outside diameter of the end of the tube is reduced. This same process may be
used for rolling the thickened end inside the tube where it has be staved up on.
the outside.
At Figures 7, 8 and 9 we have shown the tube after it has been thickened at the
ends in the manner as herein before described fixed into the socket S which.
projects from the main member H. In the method as shown at Figure 7 the end
of the tube is inserted into the socket and then the outer ferrule F is shrunk on to-
the socket, to which may be added the screws or pins ', or the end of the tube-
may be screwed into the socket as shown at Figure 8 and the locking tapped
ferrule may be used as shown at Figure 9. Or the ferrule may be screwed on:
to the outside of the socket and the pins or screws added as shown at Figure 10..
In some cases we may split the socket in two or more places and form the inside of
the ferrule slightly smaller than the socket.
At Figure 11 we have shown another method of joining tubes formed according
to our invention to the socket. In this case we make the annular groove t² in the
thickened end of the tube into which the socket is forced, and it may be secured
therein by brazing or rusting, or it may be secured by the pins or screws and the
external ferrule F and internal liner L used as shown at Figure 12.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what wo
claim is :-
First. Thickening or staving up the ends of tubes either internally or externally
or both by means of a tool or ram such as D operated either by hydraulic, steam..
or other power, the tube, which has a collapsable mandril such as M in the interior,
being held on the bed B by means of a vertical ram or gripper such as A,

page_text: substantially as herein before described and as shown upon the accompanying sheet
of drawings.
Second. Thickening or staving up the ends of tubes either internally or
externally or both by means of a tool or ram such as D, the tube being held and
revolved in the manner substantially as hereinbefore described and as shown at
Figure 5.
Third. The tool or ram such as D for thickening or staving up the ends of a
tube either internally or externally or both in the manner and for the purpose
substantially as herein set forth and as shown upon the drawings.
Fourth. The mode and means of making the junction of tubes with their sockets
by thickening or staving up the end of the tube internally in the manner as
previously claimed, and afterwards shouldering down the said en so as to form a
flush joint with the said socket and with an external ferrule whether screwed or
plain and either with or without an internal liner and either with or without
pins or screws, substantially as set forth and shown.
1
Fifth. The mode of making the junctions of tubes with their sockets by
thickening or staving up the ends of the tube in the manner as hereinbefore
described and claimed and uniting the same to the said socket by screwing,
substantially as herein set forth and shown.
Sixth. The mode of making the junctions of tubes with their sockets by
thickening or staving up the ends of the tube and then forming an annular groove
in the thickened part for the reception of the socket and so as to embrace the
socket on both sides and with or without an internal ferrule or internal liner or
either or both and with or without pins or set screws, substantially as herein set
forth and shown.
Seventh. The mode of making the junctions of tubes with their sockets by
thickening or staving up the ends of the tube and screwing the same into the
socket with a locking ferrule or ring, substantially as set forth and shown.
Eighth. The improvements in the mode and means for making the junctions of
cycles and other frames and in the manufacture of the tubes for such framing
junctions substantially as herein set forth and as shown upon the accompanying
drawings.
T
T
1007
GEORGE BARKER,
77 Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.