IMPROVE- MENTS IN DIES OR MOULDS OF MACHINES USED FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hamblet, of West Bromwich, in the
County of Stafford, Brickmaker, and George Davies, of West
Bromwich, aforesaid, Brickmaker, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DIES OR MOULDS OF MACHINES USED FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS,
Sealed the 9th December 1875, and dated the 13th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hamblet and
George Davies at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 13th October 1875.
We, JOSEPH HAMBLET, of West Bromwich, in the County of
Stafford, Brickmaker, and GEORGE DAVIES, of West Bromwich, afore-
said, Brickmaker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DIES OR MOULDS OF MACHINES USED FOR MANUFACTURING
BRICKS, TILES, Pipes, and other LIKE ARTICLES,” to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described
in such dies or moulds as consist of a tapering box or frame, the stream

page_text: or column of clay from which the bricks and other articles are to be
made entering the wide end of the die or mould and emerging from the
narrow end of the required sectional figure, the stream or column of
clay after it leaves the dic or mould being divided transversely into
bricks, tiles, pipes, or other articles.
The objects of our Invention are to diminish the friction of the clay
against the sides of the die or mould, and to ronder the stream or
column of clay emerging from the die or mould more perfect in form
than that produced by dies or moulds of the ordinary construction.
These objects we effect by constructing the dies or moulds in the
manner herein-after described for the purpose of supplying the surfaces
of the said dies or moulds with oil, water, or other lubricant, and for.
giving to the column of clay such a figure as to insure its taking as it
emerges from the dic or mould the perfect figure of the said die or
mould.
We will describe our Invention as applied to a rectangular die or
mould for making bricks or building slabs. We fix near the ends of the
box or frame of the die or mould two reservoirs for oil, water, or other
lubricant, the bottoms of the said reservoirs opening into pipes or
passages made in the wooden portion of the dic or mould. These pipes
or passages open into slots or recesses on opposite sides of the mould,
the said slots or recesses being made in the metallic lining or covering
on the acting faces of the mould at or near the narrowest part where the
clay is most compressed. The slots or recesses in the metallic lining or
covering of the mould deliver the lubricant to the clay as it passes
through the said mould, and the passage of the said clay is thereby
facilitated.
-
We construct the lubricant delivering slots or recesses in the following
manner: We make incisions in the metallic lining of the mould, the
said incisions being made near the narrow end of the mould and at the
angles thereof, and in a plane at right angles to the travelling stream or
column of clay. The metal on the rear side of each slot is raised out of
the plane in which the other portion of the metal is situated, and thus a
free passage for the lubricant is obtained, and but for the raising of the
metal at the rear of each of the slots or incisions the entrance of the
lubricant into the mould would be obstructed by the passage of the clay
over the slots.

page_text: We do not limit ourselves to the length or position of the lubricant
delivering slots or recesses.
In order more effectually to perfect the figure of the emerging stream
of clay by making it completely fill up the angles of the mould, and
consequently take the figure of the mould, we give to the rear or wide
end of the mould on its longer sides an undulatory figure, that is to say,
the middle of the opposite edges are nearer to each other than the parts
between the middle and the ends, so that the stream of clay on entering
the mould has a figure in section somewhat resembling that of an hour
glass, the bulged parts of the stream of clay on its passage through the
mould being more effectually forced into the angles of the mould than
when the rear part of the mould is rectangular in figure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Hamblet and George Davies in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 5th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOSEPH
HAMBLET, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Brickmaker,
and GEORGE DAVIES, of West Bromwich, aforesaid, Brickmaker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Hamblet and George
Davies, Her special license that we, the said Joseph Hamblet and
George Davies, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Joseph Hamblet and George Davies, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DIES OR MOULDS OF MACHINES USED FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS, TILES, PIPES,

page_text: AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Joseph Hamblet and George Davies, our executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their hands and scals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Davies, on behalf of
myself and the said Joseph Hamblet, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
such dies or moulds as consist of a tapering box or frame, the stream or
column of clay from which the bricks and other articles are to be made
entering the wide end of the dic or mould, and emerging from the narrow
end of the required sectional figure, the stream or column of clay after it
leaves the die or mould being divided transversely into bricks, tiles, pipes,
or other articles.
The objects of our Invention are to diminish the friction of the clay
against the sides of the die or mould, and to render the stream or
column of clay emerging from the die or mould more perfect in form
than that produced by dies or moulds of the ordinary construction.
These objects we effect by constructing the dies or moulds in the
manner herein-after described for the purpose of supplying the surfaces
of the said dies or moulds with oil, water, or other lubricant, and for
giving to the column of clay such a figure as to ensure its taking as it
emerges from the die or mould the perfect figure of the said die or
mould.
to a rectangular die or
We fix near the ends or
mould two reservoirs for
We will describe our Invention as applied
mould for making bricks or building slabs.
other parts of the box or frame of the die or
oil, water, or other lubricant, the bottoms of the said reservoirs opening
into pipes or passages made in the wooden portion of the die or mould.
These pipes or passages open into slots or recesses on opposite sides of

page_text: Lamoter 9 Davies Improvements in Alvunts for Drano, yu
the mould, the said slots or recesses being made in the metallic lining
or covering on the acting faces of the mould at or near the narrowest
part where the clay is most compressed. The slots or recesses in the
metallic lining or covering of the mould deliver the lubricant to the clay
as it passes through the said mould, and the passage of the said clay is
thereby facilitated.
We construct the lubricant delivering slots or recesses in the following
manner: We make incisions in the metallic lining of the mould, the
said incisions being near the narrow end of the mould and at the angles
thereof, and in a plane at right angles to the travelling stream or
column of clay. The metal on the rear side of each slot is raised out of
the plane in which the other portion of the metal is situated, and thus a
free passage for the lubricant is obtained, and but for the raising of the
metal at the rear of cach of the slots or incisions the entrance of the
lubricant into the mould would be obstructed by the passage of the clay
over the slots.
We do not limit ourselves to the length or position of the lubricant
delivering slots or recesses.
In order more effectually to perfect the figure of the emerging stream
of clay by making it completely fill up the angles of the mould, and
consequently take the figure of the mould, we give to the rear or wide
end of the mould on its longer sides an undulatory figure, that is to say,
the middle of the opposite edges are nearer to each other than the parts
between the middle and the ends, so that the stream of clay on entering
the mould has a figure in section somewhat resembling that of an hour
glass, the bulged parts of the stream of clay on its passage through the
mould being more effectually forced into the angles of the mould than
when the rear part of the mould is rectangular in figure.
We will now describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing
the manner in which our Invention may be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front clevation; Figure 2 in back elevation ;
and Figure 3 in plan, a die or mould for the manufacture of bricks
constructed according to our Invention; Figure 4 is a horizontal section
of the same taken on the line A, A, of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a trans-
verse vertical section of the same taken on the line B, B, of Figure 1;
and Figure 6 is a vertical section of a portion of the same taken in a

page_text: plane at right angles to that in which the section Figure 5 is taken.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several
Figures of the Drawing.
a is the wooden part of the die or mould fixed in the metal frame b;
and c is the metallic lining of the die or mould; d, d, are the lubricant
delivering slots or recesses, the said slots or recesses being made near
the narrow end of the die or mould and at the angles thereof (see
Figure 2). These slots or recesses & open into the oil or lubricant
passages c, e, cut in the opposed sides of the mould (see the clevation,
Figure 1, and section Figure 6), the said passages e, c, being connected
together by the vertical passages f, f. Pipes or passages 9, g, are made
near the end of the front of the die or mould as represented. Oil, water,
or other lubricating material is supplied to the passages e, e, from the
reservoirs h, h, the pipes of the said reservoirs opening into the
passages in connection with the passages e, and convey oil or other
lubricant to the lubricant delivering slots or recesses d, d.
The manner in which we construct the lubricant delivering slots or
recesses d, d, is best seen in the sections, Figures 4, 5, and 6. Incisions
are made in the metallic lining c of the die or mould of a length
corresponding to the length of the lubricating slots to be made. The
metal on the rear side of cach slot is then raised out of the plane in
which the other portion is situated (see Figures 4 and 5). These raised
parts of the delivering slots are marked i. By an examination of the
said Figures 4 and 5, it will be seen that the raising of the metal
produces a free passage for the lubricant through the slots or recesses d,
the said raised parts of the metal also protecting the slots and pre-
venting them from being choked by the travelling stream of clay
passing over them.
The manner in which the raised rear parts i, i, of the lubricant
delivering slots or recesses d, d, prevent the said slots from being
obstructed by the passage over them of the clay will be understood by
reference to Figure 5, where the direction of the stream of travelling
clay is indicated by the arrow, the surface of the clay, as it approaches
the slots d, d, being slightly deflected or turned aside by the raised
parts i, i. The lubricant delivering slots d, d, are thereby effectually
kept free from the clay, and the said slots are thus enabled to deliver
the lubricant with great regularity and uniformity over the stream of

page_text: clay, being forced through the die or mould and the friction of the clay
against the sides of the said die or mould is thus reduced.
Although we have shown the lubricant delivering slots d, d, as
confined to the angles of the die or mould, yet the said slots d, d, may
extend along the whole or greater part of the inner sides of the die or
mould; but in practice we have found the slots at the angles of the
mould to answer well for ordinary purposes.
The construction of the rear end of the die or mould whereby the
stream of clay from which bricks, tiles, slabs, and other like articles are
cut is made to completely fill the angles of the mould is seen in
Figure 2. The longer sides of the mould at the rear or wide end has
the undulatory Figure represented, that is to say, the middle parts k, k,
of the said longer sides are nearer to each other than the parts 1, 1,
between the middle and the ends, the said mould at the rear end having
the general figure of an hour glass. The clay as it enters the die or
mould takes in cross section the figure of the rear end of the mould, the
bulged parts at 1, 1, of the stream of clay on its passage through the
mould being effectually forced into the angles of the mould, so that the
stream or column of clay emerging from the die or mould is very perfect
in form.
The improvements described and illustrated in dies or moulds for
making bricks, whereby the stream of clay is lubricated are also
applicable to dies or moulds for making building slabs, tiles, pipes, and
other articles, the dies or moulds having the required configuration given
to them; but the improvement in the rear end of the mould is applicable
only to rectangular dies or moulds.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we
do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention of improvements in
dies or moulds of machines used for manufacturing bricks, tiles, pipes,
and other like articles,―
First. The construction and arrangement of parts herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing for supplying
the surfaces of the said dies or moulds with oil, water, or other lubricant
for diminishing the friction of the clay against the sides of the said dies

page_text: or moulds, that is to say, the construction of the lubricant delivering
slots or recesses described and represented, and the combination with
the said slots or recesses of the pipes and passages for supplying the said
slots or recesses with the lubricant.
Secondly. The construction described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawing of the rear or wide end of the die or mould used for
the manufacture of bricks, tiles, slabs, and other rectangular articles, for
perfecting the form of the column of clay emerging from the narrow
end of the said die or mould, that is to say, constructing the longer
sides of the rear or wide end of the mould of an undulatory figure,
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Georgo Davies, have hereunto sct
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
GEORGE DAVIES. (L.S.)