Improvements in Apparatus for Communicating and Transmitting . Notifications and the like, from one Part or Station of a Ship. to another.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 19th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 15th Jan., 1898
い
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Communicating and Transmitting
. Notifications and the like, from one Part or Station of a Ship.
to another.
I, WILLIAM CHADBURN, of 11 Waterloo Road, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,:
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference more particularly to apparatus used on board ship for
communicating between one part or station of a ship and another, and for trans-
mitting notifications of conditions of machinery from a part, where such machinery
is located, to another part or other parts, where it is desired to shew or indicate the
notifications or conditions.
The object of the invention is to provide an improved ship's telegraphic or
communicating apparatus for effecting the purpose described, by which a mishap or
break down in a part of the apparatus, will not render it wholly inoperative, as.
happens in the case of a break down or mishap to a part of the telegraphic apparatus
as at present employed; and, at the same time, it has also for its object to render
'ships telegraphic or communicating apparatus, generally, a more serviceable and a
better apparatus, than those hitherto employed for the same purpose. And a further
object and effect of the invention is to provide a telegraphic apparatus which is
serviceable at all times, both in the daylight, or artificial light, and in the
dark.
The invention will, for convenience, be mainly described as applied to a ship's
telegraphic apparatus for communicating between the bridge or other point of
command, or station, and the engine room, or other station where the machinery is
located, and between which communications, as orders, notifications, or the like,
have to be conveyed or transmitted. It is, however, to be understood that where,
in a ship, between any two or more stations or parts, notifications, conditions of
machinery, or similar communications, can be advantageously transmitted from one
to the other, then this apparatus can be used with advantage.
An apparatus, according to this Invention, comprises in the transmitting instru-
ment, an actuating handle, wheel; or the like, outside the head thereof; a wheel
within the head operated by said handle, wheel, or the like, and actuating a chain,.
or rotatory shafting, or the like; and a finger, or the like, and a series of electrical
terminals or contact points, arranged round the instrument, and in connection with
which the said finger works, which also is operated by said handle, wheel, or the like.
The receiving instrument is provided with a pointer or indicator actuated by the
chains, revolving shafting, or like means, set in motion by the transmitter, and with
a series of electric lamps, and orders or notifications, corresponding with those of the
transmitter, and which are separately and successively put in and out of illumination
by closing and opening the several circuits connecting said lamps and the transmitter :
terminals by the electrical switch or circuit making and breaking device in the
transmitter; each circuit, terminal, and lamp (or set of lamps) being used in connec- -
tion with each separate order or notification.

page_text: Thus, by and in this apparatus, the duplicate orders or notifications are transmitted
in union, they being simultaneously indicated or seen on the receiver (and also in
the transmitter if desired) by the moving indicator-say a pointer, and by the
illumination of orders or notifications by an electric lamp being put in illumination.
This double means of transmitting and indicating orders or notifications, arranged
and operated in union as described, by one actuating device or means, is, however,
according to this Invention, also adapted and constructed to be operated separately,
by the use in connection with the part by which it is actuated, of a disconnecting
coupling mechanism or means, through which the moving electrical circuit closing and
breaking finger or device, is adapted to be connected up with or disconnected from,
the handle, wheel, or other actuating means, at will, and by the use in connection
with the circuit closing and -breaking device, of a second actuating lever, handle, or
wheel, outside the transmitter. By these means, when this disconnecting coupling.
device is moved so as to disconnect the two actuating levers, wheels, or handles, the
transmitter may be actuated by either of them; and the telegraphic communication
can be effected either through the chains, rotating shafts, or the like, alone, or
through the several electric circuits and lamps described. Thus, it will be seen, in
the case of a part of the chain, rotating shafting, or like mechanical telegraphic
apparatus becoming deranged, this part can be instantly disunited and the electrical
portion alone used; or, vice versa.
In one form of apparatus, the transmitting instrument may be generally of any
known suitable shape and type, and the actuating part, as the handle lever or wheel
for operating the chains or bevel wheels and shafting, and the actuating part (i.e.
lever or wheel) of the circuit closing and breaking finger or device, are mounted and
work on a common axis; while the terminals of the several circuits are arranged in
a series circularly in the path of the said circuit closing and breaking finger or device.
For instance, the latter device may be arranged concentrically on the shaft or spindle,
with the other actuating part, handle or wheel, and is operated by a lever, wheel, or
the like, outside the transmitter head behind the other actuating lever, wheel, or
the like; but, according to different kinds or types of transmitting instruments the
invention is used in connection with, so will the particular arrangements of the
electrical and the mechanical devices depend, and be modified to meet the different
applications.
The receiving instrument, which, say, is of the circular type, is provided centrally,
in one arrangement, with a pointer on a shaft working or revolving over a dial
containing the orders, notifications, or the like, and operated through a chain wheel,
shafting, or equivalent means, from the transmitter; while also, in each of a series of
chambers behind the dial (which in front of the chambers would be translucent) there
is provided an electric incandescent lamp (or two or more lamps) each having a wire
circuit connecting it by one of the wires thereof with a terminal corresponding with
it, in the transmitter, and, by another wire, (which may be coinmon to all the
circuits, and be connected with the source of electricity) with the revolving circuit
closing and breaking finger or device thereof.
• If the several orders or notifications be suitably provided on the translucent dial or
windows (say by translucent lettering on a dark or darkened ground) in front of the
lamps in their respective chambers, when a lamp is put in illumination by closing
one of the circuits at the transmitter, the order or notification in front of or
corresponding with that circuit and lamp will be indicated; and, as this circuit closing
and breaking device of the transmitter is moved over the different terminals in it, so
will the different lamps in the receiver corresponding with these different terminals
and circuits, be put in and out of illumination, and the orders or notifications be
thereby rendered visible and indicated.
In the transmitter, lamps also may be used, and put in and out of illumination, to
indicate by illumination, the words "Ahead" and "Astern," "Port" and
"Starboard," or any other notifications or orders as may be desired; also, "Tell-tale
arrangements of lamps and indicators may be used in connection with the apparatus.
There would also be used in connection with the apparatus suitable sounding devices,
1

page_text: as gongs, adapted to be worked in connection with and by the mechanically operated
transmitting means, and by the electric communication means, or either of them,
at will.
+
The improvements, according to this Invention, are not necessarily arranged and
adapted to act in the manner more particularly hereinabove described, but may be
combined and arranged in the transmitting and receiving instruments in relation to
each other, in any modified suitable way; and, in the application to the different
communicating apparatus between the different parts of a ship, they will be modified
and adapted to meet the same.
Improvements in Apparatus for Communicating and Transmitting
Notifications and the like, from one Part or Station of a Ship
to another.
I, WILLIAM CHADBURN, of 11, Waterloo Road, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention has reference, more particularly, to apparatus used on board ship
for communicating between one part, or station of a ship and another, and for
transmitting notifications of conditions of machinery from a part, where such machinery
is located, to another part or other parts, where it is desired to shew or indicate the
notifications or conditions.
The object of the Invention is to provide an improved ships' telegraphic or
communicating apparatus for effecting the purpose described, by which a mishap or
break down in a part of the apparatus will not render it wholly inoperative, as
happens in the case of a break down or mishap to a part of the telegraphic apparatus
as at present employed; and, at the same time, it has also for its object to render
ships' telegraphic or communicating apparatus, generally, a more serviceable and a
better apparatus, than those hitherto employed for the same purpose. And a further
object and effect of the Invention is to provide a telegraphic apparatus which is
serviceable at all times, both in the daylight, or artificial light, and in the dark.
The Invention will, for convenience, be mainly described as applied to a ships'
telegraphic apparatus, for communicating between the bridge or other point of
command, or station, and the engine room, or other station, where the machinery is
located, and between which communications, as orders, notifications, or the like,
have to be conveyed or transmitted. It is, however, to be understood that where,
in a ship, between any two or more stations or parts, notifications, conditions of
machinery, or similar communications, can be advantageously transmitted from one
to the other, then this apparatus can be used with advantage.
An apparatus, according to this Invention, comprises, in a transmitting
instrument, an actuating handle, wheel, or the like, outside the head thereof; a
wheel within the head, operated by said handle, wheel, or the like, and actuating a
chain, or rotatory shafting, or the like: and a finger, or the like, and a series of
electrical terminals or contact points, arranged round the instrument, and in
connection with which the said finger works, which also is operated by said handle,
wheel, or the like. The receiving instrument is provided with a pointer or indicator
actuated by the chains, revolving shafting, or like means, set in motion by the
transmitter, and with a series of electric lamps, and orders or notifications,

page_text: corresponding with those of the transmitter, and which are separately and successively
put in and out of illumination by closing and opening the several circuits connecting
said lamps and the transmitter terminals, by the electrical switch or circuit making
and breaking device in the transmitter; each circuit, terminal, and lamp (or set of
lamps) being used in connection with each separate order or notification.
Thus, by and in this apparatus, the duplicate orders or notifications are transmitted
in union, they being simultaneously indicated or seen on the receiver (and also in
the transmitter, if desired) by the moving indicator-say a pointer, and by the
illumination of orders or notifications by an electric lamp being put in illumination.
This double means of transmitting and indicating orders or notifications, arranged
and operated in union, as described, by one actuating device or means, is, however,
according to this Invention, also adapted and constructed to be operated separately,
by the use in connection with the part by which it is actuated, of a disconnecting
coupling mechanism, or means, through which the moving electrical circuit closing
and breaking finger or device, is adapted to be connected up with or disconnected
from, the handle, wheel, or other actuating means, at will, and by the use in
connection with the circuit closing and breaking device, of a second actuating lever,
hand, or wheel, outside the transmitter. By these means, when this disconnecting
coupling device is moved so as to disconnect the two actuating levers, wheels, or
handles, the transmitter may be actuated by either of them; and the telegraphic
communication can be effected either through the chains, rotating shafts, or the
like, alone, or through the several electric circuits and lamps described. Thus, it
will be seen, in a case of a part of the chain, rotating shafting, or like mechanical
telegraphic apparatus becoming deranged, this part can be instantly disunited and
the electrical portion alone used; or, vice versa.
In one form of apparatus, the transmitting instrument may be generally of any
known suitable shape and type, and the actuating part, as the handle, lever, or
wheel, for operating the chains or bevel wheels and shafting, and the actuating part
(ie lever or wheel) of the circuit closing and breaking finger or device, are mounted,
and work on a common axis; while the terminals of the several circuits are arranged
in a series circularly in the path of the said circuit closing and breaking finger or
device. For instance, the latter device may be arranged concentrically on the shaft
or spindle, with the other actuating part, handle or wheel, and is operated by a lever,
wheel or the like, outside the transmitter head behind the other actuating lever,
wheel, or the like; but, according to different kinds or types of transmitting
instruments the invention is used in connection with, so will the particular
arrangements of the electrical and the mechanical devices depend, and be modified
to meet the different applications.
The receiving instrument, which, say, is of the circular type, is provided,
centrally, in one arrangement, with a pointer on a shaft, working or revolving over
a dial containing the orders, notifications, or the like, and operated through a chain
wheel, shafting, or equivalent means, from the transmitter; while, also, in each of
a series of chambers behind the dial (which in front of the chambers would be
translucent), there is provided an electric incandescent lamp (or two or more lamps),
each having a wire circuit connecting it by one of the wires thereof with a terminal
corresponding with it, in the transmitter, and, by another wire (which may be
common to all the circuits, and be connected with the source of electricity), with
the revolving circuit closing and breaking finger or device thereof.
If the several orders or notifications be suitably provided on the translucent dial
or windows (say by translucent lettering on a dark or darkened ground), in front of
the lamps in their respective chambers, when a lamp is put in illumination, by
closing one of the circuits at the transmitter, the order or notification in front of or
corresponding with that circuit and lamp will be indicated; and, as this circuit.
closing and breaking device of the transmitter is moved over the different terminals
in it, so will the different lamps in the receiver, corresponding with these different
terminals and circuits, be put in and out of illumination, and the orders or notifications
be thereby rendered visible, and indicated.

page_text: <<
!. In the transmitter, lamps also may be used, and put in and out of illumination,
to indicate by illumination, the words "Ahead" and "Astern;" "Port." and
Starboard," or any other notifications or orders, as may be desired; also, "Tell-tale "
arrangements of lamps and indicators may be used in connection with the apparatus.
There would also be used, in connection with the apparatus, suitable .sounding
devices, as gongs, adapted to be worked in connection with and by the mechanically
operated transmitting means, and by the electric communication means or either of
them, at will.
The improvements, according to this Invention, are not necessarily arranged and
adapted to act in the manner more particularly hereinabove described, but may be
combined and arranged in the transmitting and receiving instruments in relation to
each other, in any modified suitable way; and, in the application to the different
coinmunicating apparatus between the different parts of a ship, they will be modified
and adapted to meet the same.
-
In the
section
The drawings hereto annexed illustrate telegraphic apparatus of the kind.referred
to, according to this invention, it being particularly adapted for communicating
between the bridge or other position on a ship, and the engine room.
Drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation; Figure 2 a transverse
at A A Figure 1; and Figure 3 a face view of the transmitting instrument.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of the receiving instrument.
Referring to these drawings, the transmitting instrument, in the apparatus
illustrated, consists of a case a, with a front "order" dial b, having within it..two
chain wheels c c', two sets of contact projections d d on a flange or vertical ledge e,
and contact making and breaking fingers or devices ff. The chain wheel c is the
transmitting wheel, and is mounted upon a sleeve or hollow shaft g, which works
upon an inner shaft h, and has fixed or mounted upon it the handle bar i, for
operating this wheel c. The other chain wheel c¹ is fixed upon the inner central
shaft h, and is the reply wheel, and independent of the other; and this shaft h
carries upon its outer end, in front of the dial a¹, a pointer j, which is the reply
pointer. The wheel c operates a chain c²; and c is operated by another chain c³.
The handle or operating bar i is connected to the contact making and breaking spring
fingers or devices f f¹, and operates them, through the angular shaped device k, and
the hollow shaft or sleeve k¹, to which k, and the boss f carrying the fingers ffl are
both fixed. The device k also forms, in itself, a handle and lever, being provided with
a hand knob k¹; and it is coupled up to the bar i by the disconnecting catch i¹ on
the end of i. This catch has a pin 2 on the inside, which passes through the
pointer portions of i, and enters the top bar of the lever k; and, by throwing this
hinged catch i¹ in and out of engagement with the lever k, the bars i and k can be
disconnected, or connected up together; and work as one.
Under normal working conditions, the bar i, and lever k, are connected up together
by the catch i¹, and are both operated by the handle on the bar . The action of
the apparatus by the movement of this handle 1, is-that the chain wheel. c is
rotated and moves the chain c², and operates certain parts of the receiving instrument,
positively, as hereafter described; and it also operates, through the lever, the
contact fingers f fl over the contact points or studs d d', and thereby closes and
opens certain electrical circuits between the transmitting and receiving instruments,
and puts in and out of illumination certain lamps, and operates generally as hereafter
described.
Of these arms f f and the series of contacts & d', in connection with which they
respectively operate, f is for operating or controlling the lamp circuits, and. f¹ for
operating the gong hereafter described. is a spring device secured on the case a,
and having a spring part in the form of a fork, bearing upon the end of the boss f².
To this device the electric supply current is connected, and, by it, current flows to
the fingers ff, and the contacts d d', and their several respective circuits..
Referring now to the receiving instrument, shewn in Figure 4, this instrument
comprises, with its case m, two chain wheels n n¹, n being the receiver wheel
operated by the wheel c of the transmitter; and n¹ a reply wheel which operates the

page_text: wheel c¹ of the receiver; it being actuated by a lever and handle n* connected with
it, and has connected to it, a pointer n' working over the face of the dial o, to shew
the orders or positions to which it has been moved to, and indicates the orders which'
will be indicated by the reply pointer j of the receiver, which it operates. These
wheels n n' are fixed upon hollow shafts or sleeves n n5, which revolve freely upon
a fixed central or inner shaft no. Upon the end of the receiver shaft n³, the
indicating finger p is fixed in front of the dial o; this finger, of course, being
rotated about its axis over the dial, by the wheel n. Behind the wheels n n', on the
back plate of the casing m, an electrically operated gong mechanisin r, of any known
suitable kind, is fixed; and is operated by the electrical circuit closing and breaking
device of the receiver. Then, on the other side of the wheels n n', in a separate
compartment, the concentrically arranged duplex gongs 8 8¹ are provided. These
gongs are carried by a central hollow neck t, supported from a plate t¹, by bridge
arms 2, the plate t¹ being secured to an inner annular flange m¹ of the case m. The
gongs 8 8¹ are actuated by hammers 8, of the ordinary well known kind, operated
by a cam wheel n on the wheel n in the usual well known way.
Then again, outside these gongs, and behind the dial o, there are a series of
chambers u, each with an incandescent electric lamp u¹ in it, these electric lamps
being carried by a partition v at the back. The dial consists of two parts, an outer
metallic part o¹ and an inner transparent part 02. The outer metallic part o¹ is
provided with windows opposite the several lamp chambers (which are divided off
from one another by opaque divisions); and these windows are disposed round about
the centre of the instrument in the same radial line as the orders which will be
provided on the metal or opaque dial in the ordinary way. These windows will also
have provided upon them in some suitable mode, words, being orders, and the same as
those on the opaque part, as will be well understood.
Each of the lamps u¹ of the receiver, in their respective chambers, will have a
separate connecting wire with the transmitter contact d; and each of these contact
wires or connections, and lamps is connected with a separate "order"; and according
to which of the contacts d the finger f is in contact with, so will the lamp of the
receiver connected with that contact, be put in illumination, and all others, and their
circuits will be out or open. Of course the return current will be effected by a single
conductor.
With regard to the gong circuits, all the gong contacts d¹ will be connected to one
circuit wire, with the operating magnets of the gong 1, of the receiver. It inay be
here stated that, under ordinary conditions, this gong may be put out of action, by
breaking the circuit by a switch, when the other part of the apparatus are in use.
The operation of the whole apparatus is as follows:-
To convey an order from the bridge to the engine room, the handle is moved over
the transmitter to the position to convey the order required, so that its pointer ³,
and the pointer of the lever k, will stand over this order on the transmitter dial b.
By this action, the chain wheel c will be operated, and through its chain c², it will have
rotated the receiver chain wheel n, and so moved its pointer p, to the order in question.
Concommitently with this, the contact finger f of the receiver will have moved to the
contact d, corresponding with that order; and, therefore, will have closed the electric
circuit connecting this contact with the lamp of the receiver for rendering visible
this order. Thus, two indications of the order transmitted are given in the receiver,
by the movement of the single operating part of the transmitting instrument.
addition to this, one of the gongs 8 8¹ will be actuated, and accordingly as to whether
the order given, is in the same direction as the last, or in the reverse direction, so will
the larger or smaller gong be struck, and a deeper or shriller sound emitted.
In
The above describes the normal operation of the apparatus. Should, however, the
mechanical part, namely, the wheels, c c¹ or n, or the reply parts, become deranged,
through any cause, the electrical part may still be used; this being effected by the
moving the mechanical part out of connection, by releasing the bar i from the
lever, by throwing out the catch which connects them together.
condition, the electrical part can be actuated through the lever k, and
In this
can be

page_text: operated by the handle thereon. And by moving this lever over the dial of the
transmitter, the lamps of the receiver will be worked, that is, put-in and out of
illumination, just as if the apparatus were a purely electrical one; and in this case,
of course, the gong circuit would be closed, and the electrically operated gong r
would be used as the sounding device.
Furthermore, in some cases, if desired, either the one or the other part of this
union or unified telegraphic apparatus, namely, the electrical or mechanical part of
it, can be used without the other, by having the catch i disconnected.
It will be plain that, in lieu of the chain and wheels being used as the mechanical
means of transmitting orders, or movements, bevel wheels and shafting, or other
equivalent or suitable known means may be employed; and, on the other hand, as
regards the electrical part, the method of arranging and operating this part of the
apparatus is not restricted to that shewn or described, as equivalents may be adopted
and used in its stead. Also, the forms and arrangements of the parts or mechanisms
of the receiving and transmitting instruments, may be varied or modified from those
shewn, in various ways, to meet requirements and special cases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In telegraphic apparatus of the kind herein referred to, consisting of transmitting
and receiving instruments, a transmitting instrument comprising a mechanical motion
transmitting wheel, or equivalent motion transmitting means, electrical contact
devices, and a hand actuated part adapted to operate both of these parts or devices,
or either of them, at will; and a receiving instrument, comprising a motion receiving
wheel, or equivalent motion receiving means, operated from the transmitter motion
transmitting means, a pointer or indicator operated thereby, a series of electric lamps
in connection with the contact devices of the transmitter electrically, as described,
and translucent order dials, said parts being adapted to be operated from the receiver
substantially as set forth, together, or separately, at will.
2. In a telegraphic apparatus comprising, in one, a mechanical portion, and an
electrical portion, adapted to operate in union, or separately, as described, the arrange-
ment and combination of parts, substantially as described, by which the combined
actions, and transmissions of orders, are transmitted by the transmitter to the
receiver.
3. The telegraphic apparatus having its parts arranged, combined, and adapted to
operate particularly as set forth with reference to and shewn in the drawings:
100
1000
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CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.