IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR STEAM, WATER, AND " LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS IN GENERAL
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Hancock of Stratford in the County of Essex
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR STEAM, WATER, AND
"
LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS IN GENERAL
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Hancock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1882.
DAVID HANCOCK of Stratford in the County of Essex IMPROVEMENTS IN
VALVES FOR STEAM WATER AND LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS IN GENERAL
"
Valves constructed according to this invention are made with a spindle on which
the valve is formed or fitted in such manner that as the spindle is turned one way
or the other the valve closes or opens a corresponding aperture or slot or slots
formed in a partition across the body casting, the inlet shank communicating with
the space on one side of the partition and the outlet shank with the space on the
other side of the partition and so that the pressure itself tends to keep the valve
against its seat on the said partition. For water and other liquids and for gas I
usually face the valve with leather or India rubber, and for steam I usually grind
the valve on its seat.
For three way cocks or where a large bore is required I use two or more
apertures in the partition and form the valve correspondingly as a grid or with two
or more sector shaped arms.
The spindle of the valve is continued down below where it is guided in the
screwed bottom lid of the valve. Suitable stops are provided in the body casting
to limit the travel of the valve or the stops may be on the cap or top lid of the
body casting.
This construction of valve is especially useful for ball valves as only very little
pressure is required to close it, a short ball arm only being required.
With this kind of valves stuffing box for the spindle is done away with.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said David Hancock in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th February 1883.
DAVID HANCOCK of Stratford in the County of Essex "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VALVES FOR STEAM WATER AND LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS IN GENERAL
"
Valves constructed according to this Invention are made with a spindle on which
the valve is formed or fitted in such manner that as the spindle is turned one way
or the other the valve closes or opens a corresponding aperture or slot or slots
formed in a partition across the body casting the inlet shank communicating with
the space on one side of the partition and the outlet shank with the space on the
other side of the partition and so that the greater the pressure of water or other
liquids or fluids the tighter it keeps the valve against its sent on the said partition
I usually face the valve with leather or India rubber or asbestos, and for steam I
usually grind the valve on its seat
For three way cocks or where a large bore is required I use two or more
apertures in the partition and form the valve correspondingly as a grid or with two
or more sector shaped arms.
Suitable stops are provided in the body casting to limit the travel of the valve
or the stops may be on the cap or top end of the body casting.
This construction of valve is especially useful for ball valves as only very little
pressure is required to close it, a short ball arm only being required
With this kind of valve there is no clip leather or stuffing boxes or packing of
any kind required
The accompanying drawings illustrate some of the arrangements to which valves
constructed according to my Invention are applicable and further illustrate the
manner in which I prefer to carry my Invention into effect. Similar letters of
reference refer to like or corresponding parts in all the Figures
Figure 1 is an elevation Figure 2 a plan and Figure 3 is a perspective view of a
valve detached constructed according to my invention; a is the valve spindle b is
the flat metal disc which is cast in a piece with or attached to the spindle a out of
which disc a portion or portions is or are cut away as shewn at c
"
Figures, 4, 5, and 6 illustrate this form of valve applied to a common stop or
cut off" tap or cock arranged according to my invention Figure 4 being an elevation
Figure 5 an elevation partly in section and Figure 6 a part horizontal section on
the line Y, Z, of Figure 5.
It will be seen that the water flowing in the direction of the arrow. Figure 5
passes by the channel or slot d through the wall or partition e in the casting f into
the chamber g. In the top e of this chamber g is a slot h shewn in vertical section
at Figure 5 and in plan at Figure 6 through which (when the tap is "turned on")
the water passes away.
The valve b is fitted in the chamber g working against the underside of the top
wall or partition e¹ which is "faced" for the purpose of forming a seating for the
valve. The pressure of the liquid acting on the under side of the valve disc b
produces a perfect contact or "fit" between the upper surface of the slotted disc b
and its seating e¹; in this case I prefer to use a leather or India rubber washer placed
between the metal valve b and the seating e¹.
end of this tube being
and the upper end into
closes the chamber g.
spindle a which spindle
The upper spindle a passes through a tube i the lower
"brazed" or otherwise fitted into the wall or partition e¹
the top of the casting as at fl; the bottom screw cap
The handle is fitted onto the projecting end of the upper
passes through the handle and is fastened there by a nut as shown; in this way
of fastening the valve can be tightened upon its seat as required. On turning the
handle the slot, or aperture c in the valve disc b will be brought opposite the slot or

page_text: aperture in the partition e thus opening a passage for the water or other
liquid.
Figures 7 and 8 illustrate this invention applied to a ball cock valve commonly
used in water cisterns. Figure 7 being an elevation and Figure 8 a sectional plan
shewing the arrangement of passages and valve similar to that described with
reference to the foregoing figures the outer end of the spindle a being attached to
one end of a lever the other end of the lever carrying a ball in the usual manner
the rising and falling of which operates the valve spindle a and valve b so that
when the ball falls and the valve is turned or revolved, the water passes by the
uncovering of the passage h.
At Figures 9 aud 10 I bave shewn drawings of my invention applied to a gas
tap Figure 9 being an elevation and Figure 10 an elevation partly in section.
The pressure of gas passing in the direction of the arrow fills the chamber
pressing the valve b tightly against its seating. A piece of metal having a square
part is filled on to the spindle a (the piece also carrying a suitable stop l¹ for
regulating the turning of the valve) a spanner being placed on the-square part
and turned a sufficient distance round will operate the valve and opening or
uncovering the slot or aperture h allow the gas to pass away or escape.
Figure 11 shows in side elevation and Figure 12 in partial vertical longitudinal
section a kitchen boiler tap the valve being arranged similar to that shown at
Figures 4, 5 and 6 but where the spindle is operated by a lever which is in this
case fixed on a square part 2 of the spindle + is secured by a nut screwed on the
projecting portion of the spindle which is screwed for this purpose.
Figures 13 and 14 show in side elevation and partial longitudinal section a valve
constructed according to my invention as applied to a Wash-hand basin tap.
The valve is operated by turning the handle or knob m.
Figures 15 and 16 show in side elevation and in partial longitudinal vertical
section a valve made according to my invention as applied to a steam valve. In
this case the valve is fitted to its seating by turning and grinding and Figures 17
and 18 show the valve as applied to a three way cock. The invention thus
clearly illustrated by the drawings requires no further description except to state
that although I have shown the valve applied to many purposes yet I do not limit
the Invention to only these purposes.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my aforesaid "improvements in
valves for steam water and liquids and fluids in general"
:
First The construction and employment of valves b wherein there is formed an
aperture or apertures c the said valve being made in a piece with or connected to a
spindle in combinat.on with a partition having an aperture therein corresponding
with the aperture or apertures c and whereby the pressure on the back or under-
neath the said valve keeps it firmly on its seating all operating as and for the
purposes set forth.
Second The application of such valves as aforesaid to steam water, and liquid
and fluid valves generally and particularly with reference to the several valves
and arrangements described with reference to the accompanying drawings
In witness whereof I the said David Hancock have hereunto set my hand
and seal this eighth day of February in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
DAVID HANCOCK (L.S.)