IMPROVEMENTS IN DESK-BENCHES FOR SCHOOL AND OTHER USES
Year: 1884

page_text: I BERNHARD HAWERKAMP of 212, Uxbridge Road, London W. in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
DESK-BENCHES FOR SCHOOL AND OTHER USES, to be as follows:-
The principal advantages are produced by the peculiarity of the "Seat."
This seat consists
I. of an iron (or wooden) standard with foot (fixing point), screwed on a
plank near the ground;-to the upper part of this standard a pivot is fixed,
upon which the top-part of the seat moves freely;
II. of an iron (or wooden) socket, attached by means of a flanch to the top-
part of the seat, the inside of this socket being provided with gun metal
bearings in its upper and lower part, to prevent friction;
III. of an elliptical wooden top (of the seat), attached to the socket by means
of the flanch in such a manner, that the fastening of the socket takes place
at one end of the elliptical top-seat, say in the first fourth of the long
diameter.
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By these means the top of the seat can receive three different principal
ositions:
I. If the seat with its long diameter is turned towards the desk, the three
fourths of the seat are brought near the desk, even partly under it, if
desired.
II. If the seat with its long diameter is turned towards the back, the three
fourths of the seat are thus brought towards the adjacent desk.
III. If the seat with its long diameter is turned half way, the seat looks
sideways either to right or left.
These movements afford the following advantages:
A. The construction of such school-benches offers to every pupil a separate seat,
allowing teacher and pupils to pass freely through the benches,

page_text: B. If the seat is placed in position I (above described), the pupil is brought near
the bench in position for "writing."
C. If the pupil is placed in position II (above described), he sits away from the
front desk, leaning with his back to the next bench, so that he is prepared
to "read" or to listen to the teacher's explanations.
D. In position III (above described) the pupil is turned towards either side
(right or left) in a position to observe with ease the maps or pictures, which
are frequently attached to the side walls of the School room.
Dated this twenty third day of January 1884

page_text: BERNHARD HAWERKAMP, merchant, of 139, Stockwell Road, London, S.W.
nty of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of an invention for IMPROVE-
ITS IN DESK-BENCHES FOR SCHOOL AND OTHER USES, and in what manner
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
the following statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in Desk Benches for School and other
8. The principal advantages are produced by the peculiarity of the Seat.
his seat consists of,
"
I. A metal or wooden standard "a" with foot (or fixing point) "b," screwed
on, or in any other way fastened to, a plank с near the ground or
directly to the ground;
"
To the upper part of this standard " a a pivot "d" (of any material) or
any other device for the same purpose is fixed, upon which the top part of
the seat "e" is moving freely;
The pivot "d" or any other device for the purpose of moving the seat, may
be near the top part of the seat, lower down, or at the foot of the standard.
II. An iron or any other material or wooden socket "f," attached by means of
a planch or any other contrivance "g" to the top part of the seat "e;" the
inside of this socket being provided with gun metal (or any other kind of)
bearings "h-h," to prevent friction ;
To prevent the seat (fastened to the socket) being taken off the standard,
a screw or any other device "i" is passed through the socket into a circular
worm of the standard.
III. An elliptical "top of the seat >>> << " of any material, attached to the socket
"f" by means of the planch "g" in such a manner, that the fastening of
the socket takes place at one end of the elliptical top seat "e," say in the
first fourth of the short diameter.
y these means the top of the seat can receive three different principal
tions:
I. If the seat with its short diameter is turned towards the desk, the three
fourths of the seat are brought near the desk, even partly under it, if
desired: "Minus-distance" (: compare Fig. 2 :);
I. If the seat with its short diameter is turned 'towards the back, the three
fourths of the seat are thus brought towards the adjacent desk. "Plus
distance" (: Compare Fig. 3:).
II. If the seat with its short diameter is turned half way, the seat looks side
ways either to right or left. (: Compare Fig. 4 :).
hese movements afford the following advantages
The construction offers to every pupil a separate seat, allowing teacher &
pupils to pass freely between the benches.
If the seat is placed in position I (above described), the pupil is brought near
the bench in position for "writing."
If the pupil is placed in position II (above described) he sits away from the
front part of the desk, leaning with his back to the next bench, so that he
is prepared to read or to listen to the teachers explanations.

page_text: D. In position III (above described) the pupil is turned towards either side
(right or left) in a position to observe with ease the maps or pictures, which
are frequently attached to the side walls of the school room.
Instead of using the next bench as support to the back in certain positions, a
ecial back of any kind may be constructed, fastened to the seat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is:
The construction of a moveable seat for school, or any other benches,
nsisting of
1. A metal or wooden standard with foot or fixing point of any shape fastened
to a plank or to the ground, to one part of which (: top- middle- or lower
part) a pivot or any other device is fastened, upon which the top part of
the seat can move freely.;
2. A metal or wooden socket, attached either to the top part of the seat or-if
the pivot be at the lower part of the standard-at the foot of the same, this
socket being provided inside with bearings of any kind and material, to
prevent friction;-a screw or device of any kind passing through the
socket into a circular worm of the standard, preventing the separation of
the moveable parts;
3. An elliptical "top of the seat," attached to the socket-or if the pivot be at
the lower part of the construction-to the upper part of the standard, at
one end of the elliptical top seat, near the first fourth of the short diameter.
All this as described and substantially as shewn.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1884.