Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Hearthrugs, Door Mats, and like Fabrics, and in Machinery for Making the same.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Hearthrugs,
Door Mats, and like Fabrics, and in Machinery for Making the
same.
EDWARD TURNER, Operative Woollen Weaver, Gladstone Buildings, Marsden,
near Huddersfield, in the County of Yorkshire, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to bored hearthrugs, bored door mats, and like articles,
and in machinery, for making the same.
"
Firstly in a machine, such has is shown in Figures "1 and 2." Wherein cloth
is pressed into the openings "A 2" between the tapered edges, marked "A 2
against which the disc, "A.9" tapered to a edge, "turns or is reciprocated," has
is further shown in the description and drawings.
66
"
Secondly in a machine, for inserting the strips of "cloth or the like," in a
canvas or other backing," has is shown in following description and drawings,
Figures "3 to 14." I provide among other devices a slot rail, marked "B 11
with slots in it, such as marked "B 12" over which I "work or place," the canvas
as marked "B 21" shown in Figure "4" and through which the needles pierce,
and are fed by hand, and are withdrawn leaving the strips of cloth across the
canvas, with rail "B 11" between the canvas, which is in doubled form, Repetes
this till a row is put in across the canvas; with foot of operator lifted, and machine
stoped, the canvas, is moved the space of a row, and repetes, till the rug is
finished as futher described. And whether the needles are plied through the
canvas, by hand, or by power, as shown at "Fig. 4."
66
23
My invention relates to hearthrugs, door mats, and like articles of that descrip-
tion, known provincially; as bored hearth rugs, bored door mats, and like articles;
They comprise a canvas or similar " backing or ground," which is "filled or inter-
serted" with strips of cloth or the like, arranged in various patterns, perfected
somewhat by sighting; a "prepared plan or pattern" through one or more eye-
lets or openings," marked "B 18" over its needle or needles "B 15" in an inter-
mittant sliding cover, shown as marked "B17" in "Fig. 3" the "ground or base
is shown above at "Fig. 14" and marked B 16" and has a pair of openings,
shown as marked " 16" in it. The said base of cover, slides between the pair of
cross rails marked "B 45 at "Fig. 5" which are bolted between the end rails,
marked "B46." The openings, under the base marked "16" rest on the top of
the needle stems, and through which, the needle stems, are pushed, and withdrawn.
On the top of base as marked "B 16" is a pair of pegs or other device; as
marked "16" at "Fig. 14." The intermittant moving "belt or chain," marked
"B47" at "Fig. 5" and works in a line, with said pegs and has 2 holes, or other
device, for "fastening or hooking," the holes on to the pegs, "16" thereby,.
drawing, or otherwise, compelling the needle-stems "B 15" shown at "Fig. 5," to
travel across the machine at intermittant stages, to and fro across the slots, which
I provide in rails "B 45" wider than the width of the rug being made whether, it
is made crosswise, which I prefer; or lenghtwise, about 42 inches is a nice con-
vienent lenght of slots. It is obvious, I can provide several other connections;
between the needlestems, and the belt or chain, "B 47."
When this connection of the needles, and "belt or chain," is made, it provides
for the needles, to be pushed, and withdrawn, as well as draw the needles, cross-
wise of the machine, at intermittant stages. I may also provide a steel belt, or a
stout-leather, or composition or woven, belt, and provide one, or a pair of slots, in

page_text: them the narrow way and then put through them, one, or a pair, of set-screws ;
and into the needle stems, either on the under, but, on top side prefered.
"
Another feature of my invention relates to the apparatus, shown at "Fig. 1"
and "Fig. 2" for cutting up peices of "cloth' or the like," into strips about 21; by
1 inch, wide instead of cutting them; by shears, has now well known, I provide a
sort of frame, of steel, such has marked "A" with projections, from same, as shown
at "Fig. 2" between which, forms a mouth, marked "A 2" with angular, shaped
edges, marked "A 21" through the frame "A" I provide, a pair, of holes such as
marked "A4" at "Fig. 2" with caps, "A1" secured by, set screws, "A 3" I
then secure the disc, "A 9" and the fast pulley, "A 11" by feather key, "A 12"
and the disc, by feather key, marked "A 8" against the shoulder, "A 7" I then
place a loose pulley, against the fast one, "A 13" and place a collar, "A 13,
against it, to keep it in position. I then lift the shaft, "A6" into its bearings, "A4"
with its parts, as shown at "Fig. 1" I also provide, a sort of bow, as marked, "A 14"
secured to frame, "A" by bolts, "A 15." Through which, is put the tail screw,
marked, "A 17." and against the end of shaft, "A6" keeping the disc, "A9"
ground, with tapered edge, against the face plate, "A" and secure it, in its place,
by a lock nut, marked, "A 18" and secure the machine described, to any con-
vienent place, and sourse of power; for turning same, which causes the disc, to
rotate slowly, and cut the "cloth, and the like," scissors like; In practice cutting
strips of cloth, are as follows; fold, or roll, say a yard square, or any other size,
pressing them, into the opening, "A 2" one hand, on each side of plate; and disc,
shown at, "Fig. 2" I then take say 20, of the strips, just cut, 1 yard long, by
1 inch, wide and recut them, into 2 inches, or other lenghts.
Another feature of my invention relates to an improved construction of machine,
frame of a machine, for putting the strips or the like previously cut, in a canvas or
other backing, as marked "B" embracing one, or more cross tension rods, cast with
or set screwed or bolted to frame, "B" and marked "B 25" in "Fig. 4" as well
has a cross rail, marked "B 11" with a number of slots in, marked "B 12" not
less in number, then it is intended to insert strips of cloth across the rug, whether
it is made lenghtwise, or crosswise, for my improved frame, I use a pair of standards,
such has marked "B" and place these one, in front and the other at back, about
2 feet apart, and secure them together by a pair of end stay rails, such has shown
and marked "B 46" at "Fig. 4," and near top of machine, I also provide and use a
stay rail, such as shown and marked "B 48" bolted thereto, near bottom of machine
and at each end of machine, I next place the cross slot rails, marked "B45" at
"Fig. 5" I next place in position, the trough rail, marked "B 19" at "Figs. 4
and 5," after having placed a pair of needles, such as shown at "Fig. 6" which
will be afterwards described, to lay in a easy and leasurely way, in the slots of
rails, "B 45" shown at "Fig. 5" I next ajust the trough rail, to depress, the
"wheel or bowl," "B 43" or again: I use the equivalent to trough rail, namely,
place 2 rods across the machine about 1 inches between them, and about 2 inches
in diameter, and draw the howl "B43" round part of their circuit, which depress
the bowl, "B43" as before. Or I can use pipes, instead of rods, or even rollers, or
even rails, ajusted, sloping, and conforming to shape as trough rail, "B 19."
16
Another feature of my invention relates to providing for rug making machine,
a crank shaft, the width of machine. Or any one, of the differential rollers, showing
at "Fig. 10," "Fig. 11" and "Fig. 12.' Their end view. And has showing
Fig. 10." placed; in position and marked "B 14" in "Fig. 5" which passes
through the eyelets, marked "B 40" of needlestems, "B 15" or legs, hanging
therefrom "see Fig. 6" the crank shaft, or one, of the differential rollers, pushes,
against the front leg of eyelets, marked "B 41" causing the needles, to pierce the
doubled canvas, and with the rail, "B11" and through one, of the slots
marked "B 12" which are about "4" inch deep, and about "" inch wide at front,
and wideing to "" inches at back, has shown at "Fig. 13" when the needles, pierce
the doubled canvas, and with the rail "B 11" between the canvas. When the
insertion of the needle, is made, its mouth, marked "D," passes the canvas, before

page_text: the bowl, marked "B 43" at "Fig. 6" comes in contact, under the front incline,
in trough rail, "B 19" by the time the needle is pushed, through the canvas, to
near the pivot, "C1" the mouth, marked “D” will be open, while the “crank, or
roller," passes or rotates from front leg, "B 41" to back leg, "B 39" a dwell, here
of the needle, takes place, to facilitate feeding the strips to the needles by
hand, it then pushes against the back leg, and withdraws the needles, and by the
time this takes place, the bowl marked "B 43" pivoted at, "B 44" have been
drawn under back incline, in trough rail, "B 19" which depresses the bowl, and
dwells again, and so frees the cloth in the mouth, marked "D" and so ajusted to
leave the strips but half way through or across the canvas, with the rail "B 11"
between them. When it is moved to the next position.
Another feature of my invention relates to a device, for drawing the needles
anent, the next slots in rail "B 11" and in readyness for next insertion of needles.
To this end, I provide a ratchet wheel, marked "B 10" fixed behind and turns with
the bevel wheel, marked "B6" in "Fig. 5" and turns on, a stud; put through
a slot in a intermittant sliding rail; which is placed behind it and screwed into the
top rail; "B 46" this sliding rail, marked "B49" in "Figs. 4 and 5" has 2 slots
in it, one near each end, through which is put large headed studs, which are screwed
into stay rail, "B 46" at "Fig. 4" it has also a bracket hanging downwards, and
marked "B 37" and is brought by spring; marked "B 29." connected between
sliding rail "B 49" and back standards; in close contact with crank shaft behind
the driven drum, marked in "Fig. 5." "B9" which is on the end of crank shaft,
which has a bracket, marked "I" at "Fig. 10" screwed into it, or set screwed
thereto, when the crank, "B 14" is leaving the "back leg of eyelet," the "bowl or
wheel," marked B 42 on bracket, "I" begins to press the bracket "B 37" causing
the intermittant sliding rail, «B 49" towards front of machine, by coming in
contact with the hanging bracket, "B 37" a lever, "B 30" is pivoted to one end of
rail, "B 49" and at the other end pivoted to a rod, marked "B27" on this
lever, "B 30" is a "tooth or lug" which engages, the ratchet underneath and
moves it a tooth, which is equal, to a strip of cloth across the canvas, each time the
crank rotates, repeats the above, and continues to leave strips of cloth, across the
canvas, as, and repeats till the needles, arrives at the left side of machine, a sort of
tapet, secured to shaft, "B2" which is turned by bevels, "B5" and "B6" and in
bearings, "B1" turns on the top of a fixing, on rod "B 27" at "Fig. 4" which
disengages the lever, "B 30" from teeth of ratchet wheel, "B 10" and lowers the
lever, "B 28" to engage, and push, the side studs, on ratchet wheel, marked "B 104"
which reverses the needles, and sighting board, "B 17" to right hand side, of
machine again. The tapet on shaft, "B" then comes in contact with fixture, on
rod "B 27" on the under side, and lifts, lever "B 28" out of engagement with side
studs, and puts in engagement the lug, on lever "B 30" with ratchet teeth, every
alternate time the needles, cross the machine, or in other words, every alternate
time a line of strips has being inserted in the canvas.
The foot of operator is lifted from foot trendle, marked "B 20 " at "Fig. 4 & 5"
which can be across, the machine or partly so, the "canvas or rug," is now turned
foward, the distance between one row of strips, and the next row, by hand, by the
handle, "B 24" which turns the worm, "B 23" and moves worm wheel, "B 22"
secured to the end of a "bobbin or board," marked "B 22" I thus, streche the
canvas, that was over the rail, "B 11" and through which, the row of strips had
been inserted, and this move of the canvas, leaves a fresh portion of the canvas,
over the rail" B 11" drawn from "bobbin or board," "B 13" which has a drum,
marked "B 36" secured to it over which passes a strap, and weight, marked "B 35"
to keep the "bobbin or board," from overrunning itself.
Another feature of my invention is a device for giving, the operator better controle
of the machine; I provide a foot treadle, "B 20" and pivot it, to a verticle rod,
marked "B 32" which slide through, projections, on rails "B 46" and rail, "B 48"
and marked "B 38" it has a strong spring, "B 34" thread on rod and collered
down_by, #B 33" and over the driving, and driven pulleys, I fix a stud, in

page_text: .
rod "B 32" and on this a small drum, "B7" in "Fig. 5" turns. The rod, "B 32"
has also a stud a on which is fastened, a brake belt, whether of leather, or steel, one
end of which is fastened, to the rail, "B 46" this device in use, is as follows the
machine in its normal state will stop. By depressing the treadle, "B 20" it frees
the brake belt; from drum on crank shaft, and at the same time, lowers drum, "B7"
between and onto, "B8" and "9" which act conveys the power, from "B8 to B9'
and sets the machine in motion, and when the foot is lifted, the pulley "B7" rizes,
and the brake belt, "B 31" is applied at the same time to drum "B 9," which cuts
off; the motion of machine.
Another feature of my invention relates to a combination needle, such as shown
at "Fig. 6" I provide a stem, about "14" inches long, and one, inch wide
and ""inch thick, through this "revit or otherwise form," a sort of eyelet such
as marked "B 40" in "Fig. 6" or a pair of straight legs, between, or through
which; the crank shaft or its equivalent "turns, or reciprocate."
When the needles lay in the slots, of rails "B45" and in a horizontal manner,
the "eyelets or legs," hang downwards, and I prefer them "7" inches deep,
by "3" inches wide, inside. But, I prefer to place the openings, marked "B 16
such as shown at "Fig. 14" on to the top of needlestems, which work, under the
base of "Fig. 14" has showing the stems, "B 15" at "Fig. 5" I then bore and
thread a hole, as marked "B 154" I then improve the hand hearthrug needle,
Patent "No. 115138" belonging to Mr. J. Brown of "22 Henry Street Peter-
borough," as follows, I cut a short slot, down the arm the thumb depresses, and
pivot therein a small "bowl or wheel" marked "B 43" and pivoted by pin, "B 44"
then doff the handle of the stem, marked "B" and thread its end, and screw it
into my improved stem, at place marked "B 15" or again I may bore a hole, in
Browns stem, "B" and secure it, by means of a bolt, to my stem "B 15; or again
1 may place the end as I doff the handle, into the hole, at "B 15" and fasten it
by a set screw; bored and put in crosswise through my stem.
"
What I claim in this combination is the stem, "B 15" and the means, of
securing Browns patent needle thereto, and the fixing, of a "bowl or wheel"
marked "B 43" with pivot "B44" thereby enabling it to work automaticly by
power, which it has not befor done.
A futher feature of my invention consists, in a rail "B 11" with slots in it,
as "B 12" and whether the needles, are plied by hand; or by power, pierced and
withdrawn, through a doubled canvas. With rail "B11 between them for
hearthrug, and mat making purposes.
"
For the fuller explanation of this invention, the accompanying drawings are
appended,
Figures "1 and 2" show the apparatus, for preparing strips of cloth or the like.
Figure "3" is a front view of putting in apparatus.
Figure "4" is the end view of same apparatus.
Figure "5" is the top view of same apparatus.
Figure 6 is a combination precicely as described.
Figures "10 and 11 and 12" are each and all equivelant, to a crank shaft, for
reciprocating the needles, and end rail "B 49" and is in all cases, the full width of
rug, being made these Figures "10. 11. and 12" are only showning there end views,
but has "shafts, or bearings," projecting outwards on which they turn or are
reciprocated, either direct from sourse of power, by belt but preferably as shown at
Figure 4."
66
Figure "13" shows a sectional view of rail "B 11" the slots, marked "B 12"
through which, the needles, pierce the canvas, in a doubled form, as in "Figure 4"
and marked "B 21."
Has my improvements are capable of some modifications, without departing from
the principle thereof, I do not restrict, myself to materials, dimensions, or to the
precise form, or placement, of the parts thereof.
Dated this 26th day of January 1892,

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Hearthrugs,
Door Mats, and like Fabrics, and in Machinery for Making the
same.
EDWARD TURNER Operative Woollen Weaver Gladstone Buildings Marsden,
near Huddersfield in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The features of my invention are 11 in number for the purpose set forth for
making hearthrugs and door-mats, viz., "and are shown in the two sheets of
drawings filed with the Provisional Specification, and in the accompanying sheet of
drawings."
Firstly. An apparatus for "cutting or preparing" strips of cloth, felt, and the
like.
2nd. A machine as afterwards set forth for the purpose specified.
3ly. A machine wherein a combination needle is used as set forth for the purpose
specified.
4ly. A machine wherein a sighting board is mounted ou and caps the needle
stems and also slides crosswise of the machine between the cross slot rails
marked "B 45" and as herein more fully set forth for the purpose specified.
5ly. A machine wherein a rail such as marked "B 11," is used with short slots or
openings as marked "B 12," and also the aforesaid rail "B 11," with slots
as "B 12," for and when the needles such as Browns hand, and also other hand
needles, are "worked or plyed" through the rail "B 11," by hand instead of power,
and as specified.
6ly. A machine wherein a "crank, or "differential or eccentric roller" pierce
and withdraw the needles as herein set forth and shown.
7ly. A machine wherein any one of the four methods of opening the needles is
used as and as set forth.
8ly. A machine wherein a belt or chain as "B 47," is used as, and for the purpose
set forth.
9ly. A machine wherein bobbins, such as shown and described is used, for the
purpose specified.
1015. A machine wherein a canvas is let off and rug taken up and as herein
specified.
11ly. A machine wherein is used a foot applied cut off device, for giving
controle of machine, all substantially as hereafter specified.
The above cut off device and as shown in "Fig. 5," the pulley "B 9," is on the
"crank shaft or roller shaft" marked "B 14." To the rear of this a broad
pulley "B8" turns on a strong stud fixed on the end stay-rail "B 46." On the
broad pulley "B8" a belt "O," from the main source of power is attached on the
off side and as shown in "Fig. 4." between the pulley "B'9," and back surface of
pulley "B 8," between pulleys "B8," & "B 9," another pulley "B 7," which turns on
a stud in. The drop rod "B 32," is capable of being lowered by depressing, by the
foot of operator, the treadle "B 20." This conveys a frictional motion from
pulley "B8," to machine pulley "B 9," when the operator lifts his foot. The
spring "B 34," lifts pulley "B7," out of gear and at the same time applies the
leather belt "B 31," under pulley "B9" in "Fig. 4."
The parts marked "A 5," in "Fig. 2," is screws for securing the cutting
apparatus to back part of putting in machine but preferably they mean screws for
securing it to a seperate bench or table.
The bobbin marked "B 224," for taking up the mats or rugs is a simular bobbin
to the one shown marked "B 13," both bobbins shown at "Fig. 4," and simular to
the condenser bobbins in structure except in lenght & strenght of centres.

page_text: The comb I use is simular to those used to doff wool from woollen scribblers.
This comb I place across the machine in a pair of chairs formed at the back ends of
rail marked "B 11," I prefer to place the comb in these chairs and across the
machine ""of an inch behind the rail B11 the comb must also be capable of
riscing ""of an inch in its chairs with teeth uppermost. I then place two rods
on the eccentric roller or crank one at each side of machine. The said rods have
eyelets at one end and at the oposite end inclined plains these inclined plains are
one under each end of the comb, I place a guide to the inside of stayrails "B 46,"
to keep the rods afore named to each side of machine, The crank or roller turns
through the eyelets, and just as the roller is bringing the needles to their rearward
limit. It also brings the inclined plains under, and so lifts the comb teeth "into or
to catch" the strips and cause them to leave the needles mouths whilst the said
needles travel crosswise.
As a ground for my putting in machine, as shown at "Figs. 3." "4." and "5," I
place the standards marked "B" at "Fig. 3," one at the front and another simular
standard at the back, and I provide end stayrails such as marked "B 46," and at
the "foot or near the floor" a pair of end stay rails marked "B 48," I bolt these
stayrails on or between the afore named standards. And between the top end
stayrails marked "B 46," I bolt or otherwise fix between these stayrails a pair of
cross slot rails as marked “ B3 45,” and place these horizontally across the machine
and placed parallel to each other as shown in "Fig. 5" and about 1 foot apart.
The rail B 11" can be either cast with front standard but I prefer to bolt it
thereto by bolts shown at "Fig. 3" marked "P." The bobbins marked "B 13,"
and "B 22" at Fig. 4, I prefer to secure them in their positions by a cross
"pin or cotter marked R" simular to the well known method of securing beams in
the Knowles loom and as shown at "Fig. 4" of Complete drawings.
"
The upright marked "B 27; " in Fig. "16," is a sunk place as marked "61,"
through which is bored a hole as marked "614" in or through said hole I put a
pivott, which secures prawl " B 30" as shown at "Fig. 15," this prawl controlles
the teeth of ratchet wheel on the off side, as shown at "Fig. 15;" the place
marked "62" is a sunk place in the upright through which I bore a hole "62'
shown at Fig. "16," through this hole I put a pivott which secures top prawl "B 28"
in position, which is an inch nearer inside of machine than prawl "B 30,"
prawl "B 28" controles pegs which are inside and riveted through ratchet wheel as
shown at Fig. "15;" It is clear to me that I can provide a single ratchet wheel
with two rows of teeth, one row facing one way, and the other row facing in an
oposite direction, and operated by prawl "B 28" in place of pegs as in "Fig. 15;"
The light rail "B 52" which connects, upright B "27" by pivott "63," and also
connects rail "B 52," with bracket "B51" by pivott marked "64" on the rearward
end of rail "B 52," I suspend a weight as marked "B 53," this is designed to
balance the prawl machanism, with the assistance of spring marked B 54 in
Fig. 15.
"
According to my invention, I provide an apparatus such, as shows its front
view at Figure 1," in the appended drawings, Figure "2," gives an end view
of corresponding parts; The parts, and placement of said parts, are as follows,
The frame or headstock preferably of steel is marked "A," "A1" is a cap, to
admitt of shaft marked "A6" being put in. Or taken out, when needful, "A 2" is
an opening or mouth, formed by the "headstock or frame" and tapered to a
fine edge "A 2," like a scissars blade, and marked "A 24" at Fig. "2." "A3" is
the "bolts or setscrews," to secure cap down to the frame marked "A." "A4" is
a "bush or holes," shown in end view at Fig. "2;" and in which shaft marked
"A 6 in Fig. 1" turns, The shaft "A 6" is "shouldered or notched," as shown and
marked "A 7." "A9" is a circular cutter substantially shaped as shown at
Figs. "1" and "2," with its edge ground scissars fashion, so that its edge has it
rotates, cuts, against the edge marked "A 24." The cutter marked "A 9" is
hollowed out, as marked "Å 10" and is keyed, to shaft "A 6." by feather
key "A 8; " and provided with fast pulley or drum, as marked "A 11," secured

page_text: shaft "A 6," and against fast pulley, before named and kept in position by
collar "A 13."
"
I provide a bow shown and marked "A 14," and secure the same, to frame "A
by bolts or set screws "A 15," and then bore and thread a hole marked "A. 16,"
and insert therein a tailpin marked "A 17," which has thread on it a "back-
nut or locknut," such as is marked "A. 18," all has shown in Provisional drawings,
at Figures "1," and "2."
The afore described apparatus is a part of my invention, and its use in the
manufacture of hearthrugs, and doormats, and like fabrics, is as follows I
rotate, the circular cutter, slowly from any source of power; then take a piece of
cloth, felt, or the like, say-1 yard, square for example, I roll this up in a roll and
press it into the month piece "A 2,” as shown at Fig. "2," at a point 3 inches from
the end, and cut every succeeding 3 inches, till the roll is cut up; and against the
circular, rotatory, cutter, marked "A 9" this cuts it, into sizes 3 inches, by 1 yard
long. I then take these yard lenghts, say, 1 dozen of them or more or less, put
them straight, and cut them again, 36 times, 1 inch apart, or more or less, as desired;
Has above cut, it produces, what is well known. As strips of cloth or the like
3 inches by 1 inch wide, for inserting, into a canvas or other ground, to produce
what is well know, as bored, or hand made, hearthrugs, and mats.
Another feature of my invention is to insert a tailpin through the bow "A 14,"
and against shaft "A 6," causing the cutter, to be capable of ajustment, and
keeping the cutter well up to the blade formed in mouthpiece "A 2," or a blade
let in, and secured into an indenture, therein.
My invention further embraces a machine, for putting the strips, previously cut,
in a canvas or other backing, such "backings or grounds" as are used in making
hand made rugs. The construction, of my putting in machine, is as follows. And
for the fuller explanation of the same, I adopt the drawings, lodged as my
Provisional, Figures "3" to "14." With Figures "15" and "16" extra.
Figure "3" shows a front view of machine.
Figure "4" shows a end view of machine.
Figure "5" shows a top view of machine.
Figure "6" shows a combination of John Browns patent hand needle
No. 115130, and my needle stem, with my improvements therein, with methods of
uniting same together, and operating the said combination needle, substantially has
shown at Figure "6."
I doff the handle from Browns stem "B," and thread its end as marked "B 15,”
and bore and thread, the end of my stem "B 15," and screw Browns part therein,
or have the handle end of Browns stem "B," cast or forged, to allow of it being
bored crosswise, to allow of it being bolted or setscrewed to, my stem "B 15,"
Browns Patent, embrace the parts marked B. C. C 1. D. and its spring E. My
improvements embrace a sinall wheel marked "B 43," pivotted at point
marked "B 44" near the end of Browns pivotted arın
C." Under my
improved needle stem, which may he about 2 feet long, 1 inch wide, and about
I inch deep, I form a eyelet, such as marked "B 40" at Fig. "6," with legs, such
as marked "B 39" and "B41." Or a pair of projections from stem, I prefer
the eyelet about 4 inches wide, by 9 inches deep, when brackets, are used from the
stems, 1 adopt them 9 inches deep, by 4 inches "wide or apart." Through the
eyelet or between the brackets, the crank, or one of, the differential rollers,
showing there end views at Figures 10." "11." and "12" turn ;-and push
through, and also withdraw the needles, from a doubled canvas; doubled over
rail "B 11."
Figures "10." "11." and "12," are end views of differential rollers, any one, of
which may be used in the machine and turned in bearings in the end stay rails,
such as marked "B 46," in end view at "Fig. 4." The roller in use for the time
being, in every case, "turns or reciprocates," through the eyelets, under the
needlestems, marked "B 40" at Figure "6;" the full point of rollers.:

page_text: marked "B 14," which presses against the leg "B 41" pressing it to front of
machine, as it rotates against the leg marked "B 39," it presses and forces the
needles towards rear of machine, "alternatly, or in turns."
Figure "13" shows a rail marked "B 11" with slots "B 12" at Figure 3, I
use this rail, for supporting the canvas, doubled over it. Or partly round it, in a
vertical method of procedure, its slots, are widened out slightly towards the rear of
machine, for preventing needles striking the metal, from any loss of movement.
It is clear to me that an increase in production, and perfection of pattern, is
accomplished, by useing this thin rail, and "plying or working," the needles, such
as Browns, and other hand needles, therethrough; "When the canvas is put over it,
or partly round it, the canvas can be taken up, by a worm, and worm wheel,
arrangment, such has I show at Figure "4" and will be further described.
Figure "14" shows the base of a sighting board marked "B 16;" The openings
marked "B 16," are trued to fit on the top of needle stems, and through the said
openings, the needle stems, are pushed in a fore, and also in a rearward direction,
by the reciprocating of a crank, or one, of the differential rollers, through the
"eyelets or between the brackets," of needlestems as afore described. The pegs
marked 16, at Fig. "14," I use to hook the belt, or rope, or chain, thereon.
But preferably a chain, of the type which drive cutters in lawn mowers, cycles. Or
that turn quadrants in spinning mules, & other purposes, I adopt these chains, only
for the purpose specefied, The sighting hoard, which is marked "B 17" in
Figures 31 and "4" is ajustable, and is fixed in a slopeing direction as shown
in "Fig. 4," is connected with its base "B 16," by setscrews as herein described.
The eyelets marked "B 18" in the board "B17" is passed, and repassed, across
the machine; And I prearrange a pattern, of a rug, or mat, that is being made,
this is placed so as to be seen through the eyelets marked "B 18" at Fig. "3."
At every intermittant stage of the needles travis. The colours, that show them-
selves through the openings, the same, are the colours to feed to the needles, to
reproduce the pattern, of rug, to be made.
"
Figure "15" is a modification shown to work ratchet wheel, in Figure "4,"
The part shown at Figure "15" and marked "B 49," is an intermittant sliding
rail, containing 3 slots or openings, a centre stud, a few inches long on which a
bevel wheel as marked "B 6," in Fig. "5." On which is fixed by setscrews or
otherwise a ratchet wheel "B 10," with pegs marked "B 101," in Figure "4,"
This ratchet is keyed, or setscrewed to bush of bevel wheel "B 6," and turns on a
stud marked "C" at Fig. "15" which is passed through slot B 49," and fixed
into end stay rail "B 46" in "Fig. 4." I likewise place a pair of large headed
studs "B 57" through openings "B 49," in sliding rail "B 49," and into
end stay rail "B 46.' As before shown in Fig. 15. The large headed studs,
are to keep the sliding rail against the end stay rail, but at the same time
must allow it to slide, on said studs, in a fore, and in a rearward direction,
and so move the ratchet, one tooth, or peg, The two projections marked "B 50"
and "51" in Fig. "15" may be cast or forged with rail "B 49" or bracketed
thereto, by setscrews or bolts at "B 58." On to "B 50" can be "studed, or
pirotted "a bar at "B 59," and connected and studed at "B 60." B 30" is an
escapment prawl with a weight, to keep it against the ratchet wheel.
Another feature of my invention is a rail, I use, and the means I describe for
opening the needles such as before described and shown at Fig. "6;" I use the
trough rail showing its end view at Figure "4," and marked "B 19," I also show
its top view at Figure "5" with the rail "B 19" placed as in Fig. 4. And the
needle pushed foward horizontaly, the wheel "B 43" at Fig. "6," would be
pressed under front incline of rail "B 19." Causing the needles mouths to open,
the needles here makes a dwell. While the crank, or roller, marked "B 14" in
"Fig. 5," passes from leg of needle stem "B41," to leg "B 39" the afore men-
tioned dwell, is designed to give time, to feed the needles with a strip of cloth each;
Then has the crank or differential roller "B 14," presses against leg "B 39," The
mouths of needles open, and the needles pass crosswise from one strip to the next,
65

page_text: "
The needles mouths grip the strips, while the wheel "B 43" in "Fig. 6," passes
across the level marked "B 19;" The needles mouths here keeping closed; the
crank or roller "B 14," which I prefer about 3 inches broad; When the eyelet
under needle stem is 4 inches across and marked "B 40,” has pressed the needle
leg "B 39" to its rearward limit, the wheel "B 43" in Fig. "6" is under the back
incline in trough rail "B 19," and has caused the mouths of Brown's needle to open;
Another dwell of the needles takes place here, while the crank or roller "B 14
in "Fig. 5," passes from "leg B 39" "to B41." This dwell of needles, is
designed to give time to move the needles, from one position to another, across the
rug, or mat; While the needles are free, and behind the canvas; It is obvious to me
I can open the needles, by one of the following means I can fix a pair of strong rods,
between the end rails "R46" in "Fig. 4" across the machine, allowing them from
"2" to "3" inches between them, And when the wheel "B 43" in Fig. "6" is
under either rods, would cause the mouth of needles to open, and while the wheel
passes between the rods, the needles mouths would be closed.
Again I can place, and use a pair of rollers, across the machine, to accomplish
the same object, instead of rods as above, other things being equal.
Again I can still further open the mouths of needles, by fixing a pair of boards,
across machine, and to form the angle, shown in trough rail B 19," leaving them
open "2" to "3" inches at the top "B 19."
A feature of improvement before mentioned is a cross slot rail marked "B 45,"
in Figure "5," with cross slots half as wide again as the rug, or mat, being made,
the needles stems, are placed in these slots, and are capable of working in a fore,
and also in a rearward direction, and also capable of being pushed at intermittant
stages, by sighting board base, across the slots, across machine; I place these
rails "B 45," 1 foot apart, and parallel, to each other. And place the needles
therein. And the base of sighting board, mounted on, the needles, and between the
said rails "B 45," and sliding therethrough.
"
"
Another feature of my improvements is the use, and application of a bobbin, of an
analogous make to the well known condenser bobbin, marked “B 13 in "Fig. 4
with the "ends or centres" made longer and stronger, I use in some cases a brake
drum, marked "B 36" in Fig. "3" and secure the same by set screws, to end of
bobbin, over which is passed a leather strap, and weight "B 35" in "Fig. 4." This
bobbin, I use for holding the canvas wound thereon; It is obvious I could let it off
by a worm "B 23" and worm wheel "B 22" arrangment simular to the
arrangment, I show at Fig. "4" for taking up the rug.
Another feature of my invention is the arrangment of canvas, through machine,
after it leaves the bobbin "B 13," it may pass under, and over, one, or more tension
rods, simular to the one marked "B 25" in "Fig. 4." The canvas "B21" is
passed foward over the rail "B 11" while a row of strips is inserted, And down
the distance between one row of strips, and the next row, then down and on to a
bobbin, analogous to the well known condenser bobbin. The canvas is pierced by
the needles about " of a inch" from the top of rail "B 11" through one, and
every slot marked "B 12," in Fig. "3." The canvas is turned through the machine
by the handle, such as is marked "B 24."
Another feature of my improvements is the method I use for giving the operator
better control of the machine, such as I show in Fig. "4." The pulley "B8"
shown turning on a stud, at Fig. "5." The said stud, is fixed in the lower end
rail B 46. Another corresponding pulley marked B 9 is keyed by feather key, or
setscrewed to the end of "differential or eccentric" roller, or crank. Another
pulley marked "B7" in Fig. "5" turns and is studed on to a droprod, such
as marked "B 32," at Fig. "4," on this rod, a strong spring is placed marked "1334,"
and collered down by coller "B 33" the drop rod "B 32," slides up, and down,
through projections "B 38," from rail B 48," in Fig. "4," and also through a
corresponding projection from rail "B 46." To the afore mentioned drop rod, is
pivotted, near the floor, a foot treadle marked "B 20" in Fig. "4." The machine
in its normal condition is standing to prevent the operators making damages. When

page_text: "
the drop rod is depressed by the operators foot, it brings down the pulley "B7" on
to, and forms, a connection, with pulleys "B8" & "B9" in Fig. "5" this causes the
machine to rotate. I provide a leather or other brake such as shown at "Fig. 4'
and marked "B 31," one end being pivotted to drop rod "B22," the other end is
studed to end stay rail 1346," the leather brake belt coming under pulley B 9.
"
Another feature of my invention is the method I operate the interimittant sliding
rail "B 49," I screw into or otherwise attach thereto, the part marked [, on to
crank or roller shaft near the end the finger marked I, in Figs. "10." "11." & "12"
with a small wheel "B 42," When the needles are at their rearward limit. The
wheel " B 42," begin to press against the bracket " B 50” in Fig. “15,” or against
the aditional bracket I show marked "B 37" in Fig. "4," This brings the
intermittant end sliding rail, as marked "B49" in Fig. "15," toward front of
machine, the prawl "B 30+ " pushes the ratchet wheel, a tooth, or peg "B 10t," or
obviously I may use a ratchet wheel, with two rows of teeth, each row facing in
oposite directions, the said ratchet wheel in all cases is attached or cast with bevel
wheel "B 6," and turns on a stud "C," at the end of machine and designed to move
the sighting board, across the machine, and with it the needles.
Has soon
as "B 42," "leaves or clears "the bracket "B 50." The spring marked "B 58
in Fig. "15," and also marked "B 29” in “Fig. 4,” draws the sliding rail "B 49,"
rearward, the distance off, or till the prawl "B 304" gets hold of next tooth, or
peg, of ratchet wheel and repeats this till the sighting board, is moved across the
rug being made, when I use one of Browns patent needles, or obviously only moves
half the width of rug when two needles are fixed "on or into stems B 15" such
as I show in Fig. "5." To bring sighting board, and needles, back to the right hand
side of machine again. I provide and fix a "finger or projection," on to shaft "B 2,"
which turns in brackets marked "B 1" in "Fig. 5." On this shaft the finger is
fixed and comes in contact with top projection, as marked "B56" in Figs. 15"
& "16," and sinks, the upright, marked "B 27." liberating prawl "B 30." and puts
prawl marked "B 28," in gear with ratchet wheel; just has the needles are drawing
the last strips of each row in position. When sighting board, and needles, get to
the oposite side, and needles are drawing, the last strips in next row.
The "pro-
jection or finger on shaft "B2," comes under projection "B 56" in Figs. "15"
& "16," and lifts prawl "B 28," out of gear, and puts prawl "B 30" in gear for
moving ratchet, and keeps changing these every row, till the canvas is filled, with
strips of cloth. These strips are put in unlike any other machine bored rugs, and
mats, inasmuch has the strips are "placed or inserted" round the weft of the canvas.
And not round the warp as in other machine made rugs, & mats. The spring
marked B 54 in Fig. 15 & 16 is setscrewed to sliding rail B 49. by screw B 55 and
press against upright B 27 thereby preventing it falling by its own weight.
66
Another feature of my invention is the use of a belt, or chain, as before men-
tioned and shown at Figures "3" & "5" & marked "B47," the said belt, or
chain, passes over a pair of drums notched when chains, are used and which I
prefer such as marked "B 3" in Fig. "5" and down under a pair of drums, near
the floor, such as marked "B4." The said chain is secured to base of sighting
board by pegs B 164, or other means, shown at "Fig. 5." The drums marked "B3'
if I am making a rug 1 yard wide should be 1 foot diameter when I use only one'
needle. But when two needles are used to make the rug named with 36 strips to the
yard I space the needles 19 inches apart and exchange the drum "B3" for another
drum "6" inch diameter or thereabouts. The canvas supporting rail "B11" to
have 36 openings or slots, such as marked "B 12," to the yard and the ratchet
wheel "B 10," to have the same number of teeth or pegs for making the afore
mentioned rug. And analogous arrangments when making close pricked or rugs
with strips closely put or inserted in the canvas.
In the aforementioned description or Specification, like letters, and numbers of
referance, indicate, corresponding parts, throughout the drawings, and also
throughout the Complete Specification.
Apart from the way the different features, are spoken off. From the foregoing it

page_text: will be clear that by depressing the foot treadle "B 20," it makes the connection
with main source of power, and sets the machine in motion, the crank, or
"eccentric or differential roller," forces the needles, through the doubled canvas,
and through one of the slots "B 12" in supporting rail marked "B 11." makes a
dwell, while the needle is being fed with a strip by hand. When the "crank or
roller" gets to needles rearward leg, it draws the strip feed to the needle half way
across and near the top of rail B 11, here the comb rises just behind rail B 11, to
prevent entanglement of, and reinsertion of strips, in the canvas at next positions.
When the crank or roller gets to its rearward limit, the wheel "B43" is under
back incline of trough rail "B 19." which opens the needles at this point.
A
dwell again designed to give time, and at this point to move sighting board.. The
finger brings the intermittant sliding rail "B 49," to front of machine and
moves ratchet a tooth, or peg "B 104," this sets shaft "B2" to move slightly
moving the chain or belt, and sighting board, and needles, the distance
between the centre of a slot "B12" to the centre of next slot "B 12"
this is repeated, leaving a strip of cloth, across the rail "B 11" each
revolution of crank or roller, by the time a row is completed a finger, fixed
to shaft "B 2," will have at this point droped the upright shown in
Figs. "15" & "16" as "B 27." At this point the foot is lifted which cuts,
of connection with main source of power. I now turn the canvas, or rug, or mat,
through the machine, the distance between one row of strips, and the next, and
the prawl "B 28" will control the ratchet, and bring back the chain and sighting
board, and the needles, to the position they show on drawings at Figs. "3.
and "5" by applying the foot treadle again and depressing the treadle. This
routine is repeated till every row in the rug length, is filled with strips of cloth.
A very important feature of my machine is the rail "B 11" for supporting the
canvas, in a doubled form, while the needles such as "Browns patent needle
others." Are pierced through the openings marked "B 12" and about "" or
"" inch from the top as in "Fig. 3." While the needles are "worked or
operated" by hand. Instead of by steam, gas, water, or other power, when the
full machine is used.
" and
As my improvments are capable of some modifications, without departing from
the principle thereof, 1 do not restrict myself to materials, dimensions, or to the
precise form, or placement, of the parts thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is-
Firstly. A apparatus such as shown at Figures "1," and "2," and substantially
as shown and described for preparing or cutting strips of cloth, felt, or the like,
prior, to being fed to the needles, by hand.
2. A machine wherein the placement of standards are one at front, and another
at the back, with end stayrails, bolted on, or between the said standards, And
between these end stayrails, a pair of cross slot rails as marked B 45, placed,
horizontally, across, the machine, and placed parallel, to each other and about one
foot apart, and bolted between the end stayrails. With a rail such as I have
marked "B 11," with short slots or openings in it such as I marked "B 12," in it.
And bolted on the front standard and placed as shown in the accompanying
drawings, and substantially as set forth, in description, and drawings.
3. A machine wherein a combination needle, such as I show in Fig. 6, is used
and placed in slots in the rails "B 45" with the eyelets marked "B 40" downwards,
with "John Browns needle Patent 115138" secured to my stem, as described and
the wheel "B 43" which I pivott, in Browns arm C, Is capable of being pushed in a
fore, and also in a rearward direction, under trough rail "B 19" and also cross-
wise of the rug, being made, substantially has shown and described.
4. A machine wherein a sighting board the base of which, is mounted on, and
caps the needlestems, and through which the needlestems, push and withdraw in a

page_text: P
fore, and also in a rearward direction. The base of sighting board, also slides
between the horizontal cross slot rails marked "B 45," and just over the slots, and
operated by belt or chain substantially as shown and described.
5. A rail a part of my machine such as I have marked "B 11," with short slots
or openings therein as "B 12," and used for doubling canvas, or other backing, over
it, and for supporting, the canvas, when being pierced by hand needles, such as
Browns, and other hand needles, operated by hand, substantially as described.
6. A machine wherein is used a crank across the machine, or any one, of the
eccentric, or differential rollers, such as I show at Figs. "10" "11" and "12."
the said crank or roller is put through the eyelets of needle stems or between
brackets therefrom, and turns in bearings in the end stayrails "B46." And is
' capable of rotating, and pushing the needles, through a doubled canvas, put over
rail "B 11," Through any of the slots marked "B 12," And when needle has been
fed with a strip of cloth, It is also capable of withdrawing the needle from the
canvas, substantially as shown and set forth.
7. A machine wherein a trough rail such as shown as "B 19," and placed as
shown at Figures "4" and "5," of the accompanying drawings. And is used for
opening the mouth of Browns needle. Or any one of the other devices described,
for opening the said needles both when the needle has pierced, and is in the canvas,
and again when the needle has been withdrawn, and prior, to the needle being
moved to the next position, crosswise, substantially as shown and described.
8. A machine wherein a chain is used of the type used in cycles. Driving cutters
in lawn mowing and other machines. This chain or belt, in motion as, and by, the
intermittant sliding rail "B 49." And is attached to the top of base of sighting
board, substantially as shown and set forth for moving needles and sighting-board
intermittantly crosswise of the hearthrug being made.
9. A machine wherein bobbins, simular in structure to condenser bobbins, are
used with longer and stronger centres or shafts. On which I place a worm wheel
turn these as and for the purpose specified and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
10. A machine wherein a canvas or other backing is passed from a bobbin, and
doubled over rail "B 11," And passed, and taken up by a bobbin with a worm, and
worm wheel arrangment, as, and for, the purpose specified.
11. A machine wherein is provided a device for cutting off the rotatory action
of machine, by applying a brake by the application of a foot treadle "B 20,"
substantially as shown and specified.
Dated this 24th day of October 1892.