IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF OR IMPERMEABLE FABRICS
Year: 1884

page_text: I SYDNEY PITT of Sutton in the County of Surrey Gentleman do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WATERPROOF OR IMPERMEABLE FABRICS" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of waterproof
or impermeable fabrics.
The following operations apply principally to the manufacture of waterproof
fabrics of linen and hemp, but with some small modifications they can also be
applied to cotton and woollen fabrics.
The strongest and thickest fabrics of linen or hemp employed for the manufacture
of knapsacks travelling bags etc. are prepared in the following manner.
The fabric is first washed in water containing a small quantity of soda in
solution then it is rinsed in pure water and afterwards completely dried.
Then the fabric is immersed in a bath of sulphuric acid from 54 to 56 degrees
Beaumé where it remains 40 to 80 seconds according to its thickness. After
having been rinsed in cold water it is placed in a bath of ammoniacal water and is
allowed to remain there about 8 hours..
The same operation applies to fabrics of a lesser thickness with the only
difference that the sulphuric acid bath should not be stronger than 54 degrees and
that the fabric remains in it a shorter time (30 to 50 seconds).
After this preliminary treatment the fabric whilst still wet is soaked for 3 hours
or thereabout in the following solution:-
526 parts of colophony.
180 parts crystals of soda.
90 parts green soap.
195 parts silicate of potash (soluble glass).
9 parts caustic potash.
The whole is mixed with water of which the quantity (5000 to 1000 parts) may
vary according to requirements.
[Price 4:1.]

page_text: When withdrawn from this solution the fabric is deposited for an hour in a bath
of water containing about 5 per cent. of sulphate of alumina after which the cloth
is rinsed and completely dried.
Finally the fabric is passed in contact with a system of rotating brushes covered
with a composition composed of two parts of paraffin; two parts of Japanese wax
or palmitine and 2/5 of a part of colophony.
All the operations and materials mentioned above apply equally to the
manufacture of impermeable woollens except the sulphuric acid bath and the
brushing operation.

page_text: I SYDNEY PITT of Sutton in the County of Surrey Gentleman do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WATERPROOF OR IMPERMEABLE FABRICS" and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of waterproof
or impermeable fabrics.
The following operations apply principally to the manufacture of waterproof
fabrics of linen and hemp, but with some small modifications they can also be
applied to cotton and woollen fabrics.
The preliminary preparation of the linen or hemp fabrics is effected in various
manners according to their properties, and the use for which they are intended.
The strongest and thickest fabrics of linen or hemp employed for the manufacture
of knapsacks, travelling bags etc. are prepared in the following manner:-
The fabric is first washed in water containing a small quantity of soda in
solution, then it is rinsed in pure water and afterwards completely dried.
Then the fabric is immersed in a bath of sulphuric acid from 54 to 56 degrees
Beaumé where it remains 40 to 80 seconds according to its thickness. After
having been rinsed in cold water it is placed in a bath of ammoniacal water and is
allowed to remain there about 8 hours.
The same operation applies to fabrics of a lesser thickness with the only
difference that the sulphuric acid bath should not be stronger than 54 degrees, and
that the fabric remains in it a shorter time (30 to 50 seconds).
After this preliminary treatment, the fabric whilst still wet is soaked for 3 hours
or thereabout in the following solution―
526 parts of colophony.
180 parts crystals of soda.
90 parts green soap.
195 parts silicate of potash (soluble glass).
9 parts caustic potash.
The whole is mixed with water, of which the quantity (3000 to 4000 parts) may
vary according to requirements.
When withdrawn from this solution the fabric is deposited for an hour in a bath
of water containing about 5 per cent. of sulphate of alumina after which the cloth
is rinsed and completely dried.
Finally, the fabric is passed in contact with a system of rotating brushes covered
with a composition composed of 2 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of Japanese wax or
palmitine and 2, of a part of colophony.
All the operations and materials mentioned above apply equally to the
manufacture of impermeable woollens, except the sulphuric acid bath and the
brushing operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. Waterproofing fabrics or rendering the same impermeable by treatment
with sulphuric acid followed by treatment with a composition containing colophony

page_text: and soluble glass and with the solution of a salt of an alkaline earth substantially
as'described.
Second Waterproofing fabrics or rendering the same impermeable by treatment
of the same with a composition containing colophony and soluble glass followed by
treatment with the solution of a salt of an alkaline earth substantially as described.
Third. The use in waterproofing fabrics or rendering the same impermeable of
composition consisting of colophony, soda crystals, and soap soluble glass and
caustic potash substantially as described.
and soluble glass and with the solution of a salt of an alkaline earth substantially
as'described.
Second Waterproofing fabrics or rendering the same impermeable by treatmen
of the same with a composition containing colophony and soluble glass followed by
treatment with the solution of a salt of an alkaline earth substantially as described
Third. The use in waterproofing fabrics or rendering the same impermeable of
composition consisting of colophony, soda crystals, and soap soluble glass an
caustic potash substantially as described.
T
Dated this 23rd day of September 1884.
11.
44.
r
W
"
:
CARPMAEL & Co., .
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