IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Wilde, of the City of Manchester, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
OF ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 27th March 1866, and dated the 26th October 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Wilde at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
October 1865.
I, HENRY WILDE, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
WORKING OF ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH,
PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, of an improvement in the electro-magnetio
induction machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
Ime on the First day of December One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three,
No. 8006. In this improvement a short circuit is made between the coils of
the small magneto-electric machine and the coils of the electro-magnet of the
electro-magnetic machine, whenever the commutator on the axis of the arma-
ture of the small magneto-electric machine is at the dead point, and the large

page_text: armature of the electro-magnetic machine is enveloped with coils made of
sheet copper, the whole width of the armature instead of being coiled with
wire as shewn in the Drawing of the before-mentioned Specification, and the
coils are insulated from one another by means of a sheet of gutta percha or
other insulating substance of the same length and width as the sheet of
copper, and it is coiled on the armature at the same time as the sheet of
copper. Instead of exciting the coils of the large electro-magnetic machine
with a voltaic battery or small magneto-electric machine as described in the
before-mentioned Specification, a thermo-electric battery may be used, or an
electro-magnetic induction machine, the currents from which are made to pass
in one direction by means of a commutator, and the electro-magnet of this
exciting electro-magnetic induction machine may be excited by another small
magneto-electric machine, or any other well-known source of electricity. The
electro-magnetic induction machine, with the improvements herein described,
or the magneto-electric machine described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to me on the Twenty-fifth of February One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three, No. 516, may be used for the purpose of preventing
the fouling of metallic bottoms of ships, in which case one polar terminal of
the magneto-electric or the electro-magnetic induction machine is connected
with the metal bottom of the ship, and the other polar terminal is connected
with a piece of flexible metal rope insulated from the vessel and extending
from its stern into the water. The same. electro-magnetic induction machine
and magneto-electric machine may also be used for the deposition of metals
from their solutions.
My Invention consists, secondly, in an improvement in the construction and
working of uninsulated submarine metallic cables. In this improvement the
cable to be submerged is of large sectional area, and is made of ordinary
galvanized iron wires, and is laid down in sections as described in the Speci-
fication of Letters Patent granted to me on the Twenty-eighth day of November
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, No. 2997, and instead of the
electro-magnetic induction machine being discharged, by means of a return
cable or prolonged conductor extending to some distant station, at which
telegraphic communication is required, one pole of the machine discharges
itself by means of a prolonged uninsulated conductor of shorter length and
smaller sectional area than the main cable to which the other pole of the
machine is connected, and through, which it is discharged, and the signals are
transmitted between the two stations by breaking contact or short.circuiting
the induction machine at the sending, station, as will be, readily understood,
and one extremity of the coils of the receiving instrument at the distant

page_text: station is connected to the prolonged uninsulated conductor at: that station, and
the other extremity of the coils is connected with the cable through. which the
signals are transmitted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,. filed
by the said Henry Wilde in the Great Seal Patent Office on. the 25th.
April 1866..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS: SHALL COME, I; HENRY
WILDE,. of the City of Manchester, Engineer, send. greeting.
WHEREAS. Her most. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of Oétober, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five; in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did,. for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Wilde,. Her special license that I, the said Henry Wilde,.
my executors,. administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said Henry
Wilde, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should át any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might makë, usë, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN. THE CONSTRUCTION
AND WORKING OF ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH,
PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others), that
I, the said Henry Wilde, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Wilde, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say)
My Invention consists, firstly, of an improvement in the electro-magnetic
induction machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted
to me on the First day of December One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
three, Number 3006.
In my present improvement a short circuit is made between the coils of
the small magneto-electric machine and the coils of the electro-magnet of the

page_text: electro-magnetic machine whenever the commutator on the axis of the
armature of the small magneto-electric machine is at the dead point, the
object of which is to increase the power of the electro-magnet to a much
greater degree than would be the case when the short circuit is not made;
this is accomplished by means of the commutator shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
In these views a represents the axle of the armature, which is made hollow
to allow the insulated wire to pass through it. The axle a revolves in the
bearing 6 fixed to the end of the magnet cylinder c. On the end of the axle a
is fixed the cone d, on which fits the disc e. To this disc are fixed the
segmental pieces of hardened steel f and 9, the former being in metallic
contact with the disc e, and the latter insulated therefrom by means of a piece
of wood or other non-conducting substance, as shewn in Figure 3. These
segments are respectively connected to the ends of the insulated wire sur
rounding the armature. The disc e is secured on the cone d by means of the
lock nut h. At each side of the disc e are placed the springs i, i, one of
which is rather longer than the other. The springs i on the left hand side of
the disc, as shewn in Figure 1, are fixed to the bracket; which is in metallic
contact with the metal trough k, and the springs at the right-hand side are
fixed to a similar bracket insulated from the said trough. The screws 1, 1,
form the respective polar terminals of the magneto-electric machine, and to
them the wires of the large electro-magnet of the electro-magnetic machine
are attached. When the armature is revolving in the magnet cylinder the
position of the disc e and segments ƒ and g is so adjusted that the joints of the
segments pass over the springs i when the armature is at the dead point, or
in that part of its revolution in which no electricity is generated by the
magneto-electric machine, and in consequence of one of the springs i being
longer than the other a short circuit is made through the metallic portions of
the commutator with the wires of the large electro-magnet, and another short
circuit through the wires of the armature of the magneto-electric machine.
When the electricity from the magneto-electric machine is passing through
the coils of the large electro-magnet the current passes uninterruptedly
through the entire circuit, which may be indicated by a continuous loop or
circle O; but when the short circuit is made, as above referred to, the two
currents of electricity, one in the wire of the electro-magnet and the other
in the wire surrounding the armature, are made to flow for a moment in two
closed or short circuits, as may be indicated by the Figure 8. The trough k
contains oil which is applied to the segments ƒ and g by the woollen pad k¹,
for the purpose of lubricating the segments fand g and springs i; the cover k
prevents the escape of the oil from the trough.

page_text: . The large armature of the electro-magnetic machine is enveloped with coils
made of sheet copper the whole width of the armature instead of being coiled
with wire, as shewn in Figures 9 and 10 on Sheet 2 of the Drawings of the
before-mentioned Specification, and the coils are insulated from one another
by means of a sheet of gutta percha or other insulating substance of the
same length and width as the sheet of copper, and it is coiled on the armature
at the same time as the sheet of copper.
This part of my Invention is shewn in Figures 4 and 5. In these Figures
the armature m is made by preference of cast iron, and through it is a slot
extending three-fourths of its length for the purpose of preventing adverse
currents of electricity circulating round the segmental sides of the armature,
which is enveloped with folds of sheet copper insulated by a sheet of gutta
percha or other suitable substance, as shewn in section in Figure 5. Strong
bands of sheet brass let into grooves n, n, encircle the armature at intervals
for the purpose of preventing the coils from flying out of their places by the
centrifugal force generated by their rapid rotation.
Instead of exciting the coils of the large electro-magnetic machine with a
voltaic battery or small magneto-electric machine, as described in the before-
mentioned Specification, a thermo-electric battery may be used, or an electro-
magnetic induction machine similar to that shewn in Figures 9 and 10 on
Sheet 2 of the Drawings forming part of the Specification of the said Patent,
or any other electro-magnetic induction machine, the currents from which are
made to pass in one direction by means of a commutator; and the electro-
magnet of this exciting electro-magnetic induction machine may in its turn
be excited by another small magneto-electric machine, or any other well-known
source of electricity.
-
The electro-magnetic induction machine described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me on the First day of December One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three, Number 3006, either with or without the improve-
ments herein described; or the magneto-electric machine described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the Twenty-fifth of February
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number 516, may be used for the
electro-deposition of metals from their solutions.
My Invention consists, secondly, in an improvement in the construction and
working of uninsulated submarine metallic cables.
In this improvement the cable to be submerged is of large sectional area,
and is made of any convenient number of ordinary galvanized iron wires, and
is laid down in any convenient number of longitudinal sections, as described
in the Specification of Letter Patent granted to me on the Twenty-eighth

page_text: day of November, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, Number 2997,
and as shewn in the Diagram, Figure 6. In this Diagram o and p represent
the sending and receiving stations on two islands or continents, between which
telegraphic communication is to be established. These stations are connected
together by the uninsulated metallic cable, shewn in this instance in four
longitudinal sections q, q, q, q, the ends of which are united at each shore end
and connected with the electro-magnetic induction machines and receiving
instruments r, s, on the sending and receiving station's respectively.
Instead of the electro-magnetic induction machine being discharged by
means of a return cable, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me on the First of December, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
three, Number 3009, or a prolonged conductor extending to some distant station
at which telegraphic communication is required, as described in the Specification
of the Patent, Number 2997, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, above
referred to, one pole of the machine discharges itself by means of a prolonged
uninsulated conductor t of about a quarter of a mile to a mile in length,
according to the power of the electro-magnetic machine employed for trans-
mitting the currents of electricity. The conductor t is of smaller sectional area
than the whole of the main cable 9, to which the other pole of the machine is
connected, and the signals are transmitted between the two stations by breaking
contact or short circuiting the induction machine at the sending station by any
of the well-known methods now practised, as will be readily understood, and one
extremity of the coils of the receiving instrument at the distant station is
connected with the uninsulated cable q, through which the signals are trans-
mitted, and the other extremity of the coils is connected with the uninsulated
conductor t, which allows the current of electricity from the main cable
to discharge itself into the earth after passing through the receiving instru-
ment.
By means of this arrangement of uninsulated cables or an insulated cable
of the usual construction, combined with the uninsulated submerged con-
ductors t, the electric light for light-house illumination, or for signalling at
sea, may be produced at points situated at a distance from the coast and from
the electro-magnetic machine.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First, the making a short circuit between the coils on the armature of a
magnetic, electric, or an electro-magnetic machine, and the coils of the electro-
magnet of an electro-magnetic machine, as shewn and described in reference
to Figures 1, 2, and 3, or by any equivalent arrangement of parts.

page_text: Secondly, the improved mode of constructing the commutators of magneto-
electric and electro-magnetic machines, as shewn and described in reference
to Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Thirdly, the improved mode of lubricating the commutators of magneto-
electric and electro-magnetic machines, as shewn and described in reference to
Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Fourthly, the improved mode of constructing the armatures of magneto-
electric and electro-magnetic machines, as shewn and described in reference to
Figures 4 and 5.
Fifthly, the exciting of the coils of the electro-magnet of an electro-
magnetic machine with the electricity from another electro-magnetic machine,
the latter machine being excited in its turn by a small magneto-electric
machine, or other equivalent source of electricity.
Sixthly, the application of the magneto-electric machine, described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the Twenty-fifth day of
February, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number 516, or the
electro-magnetic machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me on the First day of December, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-three, Number 3006, either with or without the improvements herein-
before described, for the electro-deposition of metals from their solutions..
And, lastly, the improved mode of constructing and working uninsulated
electric telegraph cables, as shewn and as described in reference to Figure 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Wilde, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of April, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-six.
HENRY WILDE. (L.S.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Wilde, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Wilde at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October 1865.
HENRY WILDE, of the City of Manchester, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention consists, firstly, of an improvement in the electro-magnetic
induction machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
me on the First day of December One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three,
No. 3006.
In this improvement a short circuit is made between the coils of the small
magneto-electric machine and the coils of the electro-magnet of the electro-
magnetic machine, whenever the commutator on the axis of the armature of the
small magneto-electric machine is at the dead point, and the large armature of the
electro-magnetic machine is enveloped with coils made of sheet copper, the whole
width of the armature instead of being coiled with wire as shewn in the Drawing
of the before-mentioned Specification, and the coils are insulated from one another
by means of a sheet of gutta percha or other insulating substance of the same
length and width as the sheet of copper, and it is coiled on the armature at the
same time as the sheet of copper. Instead of exciting the coils of the large electro-
magnetic machine with a voltaic battery or small magneto-electric machine as
described in the before-mentioned Specification, a thermo-electric battery may be
used, or an electro-magnetic induction machine, the currents from which are made
to pass in one direction by means of a commutator, and the electro-magnet of this

page_text: exciting electro-magnetic induction machine may be excited by another small
magneto-electric machine, or any other well-known source of electricity. The
electro-magnetic induction machine, with the improvements herein described, or
the magneto-electric machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me on the Twenty-fifth of February One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-three, No. 516, may be used for the purpose of preventing the fouling of
metallic bottoms of ships, in which case one polar terminal of the magneto-electric
or the electro-magnetic induction machine is connected with the metal bottom of
the ship, and the other polar terminal is connected with a piece of flexible metal
rope insulated from the vessel and extending from its stern into the water. The
same electro-magnetic induction machine and magneto-electric machine may also
be used for the deposition of metals from their solutions. My Invention consists,
secondly, in an improvement in the construction and working of uninsulated sub-
marine metallic cables. In this improvement the cable to be submerged is of large
sectional area, and is made of ordinary galvanized iron wires, and is laid down in
sections as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the
Twenty-eighth day of November One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, No.
2997, and instead of the electro-magnetic induction machine being discharged by
means of a return cable or prolonged conductor extending to some distant station
at which telegraphic communication is required, one pole of the machine discharges
itself by means of a prolonged uninsulated conductor of shorter length and smaller
sectional area than the main cable to which the other pole of the machine is con-
nected, and through which it is discharged, and the signals are transmitted between
the two stations by breaking contact or short circuiting the induction machine at
the sending station, as will be readily understood, and one extremity of the coils
of the receiving instrument at the distant station is connected to the prolonged
uninsulated conductor at that station, and the other extremity of the coils is
connected with the cable through which the signals are transmitted.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Wilde in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th April
1866.
HENRY WILDE, of the City of Manchester, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN APPARATUS.
CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention consists, firstly, of an improvement in the electro-magnetic
induction machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me
on the First day of December One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three,
Number 3000.
In my present improvement a short circuit is made between the coils of the
small magneto-electric machine and the coils of the electro-magnet of the electro-
magnetic machine whenever the commutator on the axis of the armature of the
small magneto-electric machine is at the dead point, the object of which is to
increase the power of the electro-magnet to a much greater degree than would be
the case when the short circuit is not made; this is accomplished by means of the
commutator shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 3. In these views a represents the axle of
the armature, which is made hollow to allow the insulated wire to pass through it.
The axle a revolves in the bearing b fixed to the end of the magnet cylinder c. On
the end of the axle a is fixed the cone d, on which fits the disc e. To this disc are
fixed the segmental pieces of hardened steel f and g, the former being in metallic
contact with the disc e, and the latter insulated therefrom by means of a picce of
wood or other non-conducting substance, as shewn in Figure 3. These segments
are respectively connected to the ends of the insulated wire surrounding the arma-
ture. The disc e is secured on the cone d by means of the lock nut h. At each
side of the disc e are placed the springs i, i, one of which is rather longer than the
other. The springs on the left hand side of the disc, as shewn in Figure 1, are
fixed to the bracket which is in metallic contact with the metal trough k, and the
springs at the right-hand side are fixed to a similar bracket insulated from the said
trough. The screws l, l, form the respective polar terminals of the magneto-electric
machine, and to them the wires of the large electro-magnet of the electro-magnetic
machine are attached. When the armature is revolving in the magnet cylinder the
position of the disc e and segments ƒ and g is so adjusted that the joints of the
segments pass over the springs i when the armature is at the dead point, or in that
part of its revolution in which no electricity is generated by the magneto-electric
inachine, and in consequence of one of the springs i being longer than the other a short
circuit is made through the metallic portions of the commutator with the wires of
the large electro-magnet, and another short circuit through the wires of the
armature of the magneto-electric machine. When the electricity from the magneto-
electric machine is passing through the coils of the large electro-magnet the current
passes uninterruptedly through the entire circuit, which may be indicated by a
continuous loop or circle O; but when the short circuit is made, as above referred
to, the two currents of electricity, one in the wire of the electro-magnet and the
other in the wire surrounding the armature, are made to flow for a moment in two
closed or short circuits, as may be indicated by the Figure 8. The trough k
contains oil which is applied to the segments ƒ and g by the woollen pad k', for
the purpose of lubricating the segments ƒ and g and springs i; the cover k² prevents
the escape of the oil from the trough. The large armature of the electro-magnetic
machine is enveloped with coils made of sheet copper the whole width of the
armature instead of being coiled with wire, as shewn in Figures 9 and 10 on Sheet
Desp

page_text: 2 of the Drawings of the before-mentioned Specification, and the coils are insulated
from one another by means of a sheet of gutta percha or other insulating
substance of the same length and width as the sheet of copper, and it is coiled on
the armature at the same time as the sheet of copper.
This part of my Invention is shown in Figures 4 and 5. In these Figures the
armature m is made by preference of cast iron, and through it is a slot extending
three-fourths of its length for the purpose of preventing adverse currents of
electricity circulating round the segmental sides of the armature, which is enveloped
with folds of sheet copper insulated by a sheet of gutta percha or other suitable
substance, as shewn in section in Figure 5. Strong bands of sheet brass let into
grooves in, n, encircle the armature at intervals for the purpose of preventing the
coils from flying out of their places by the centrifugal force generated by their
rapid rotation.
Instead of exciting the coils of the large electro-magnetic machine with a voltaic
battery or small magneto-electric machine, as described in the before-mentioned
Specification, a thermo-electric battery may be used, or an electro-magnetic induc-
tion machine similar to that shewn in Figures 9 and 10 on Sheet 2 of the Drawings
forming part of the Specification of the said Patent, or any other electro-magnetic
induction machine, the currenta from which are made to pass in one direction by
means of a commutator; and the electro-magnet of this exciting electro-magnetic
induction machine may in its turn be excited by another sinall inagneto-electric
machine, or any other well-known source of electricity. The electro-magnetic
induction machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to 'me
on the First day of December One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three,
Number 3000, either with or without the improvements herein described; or the
magneto-electric machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted
to me on the Twenty-fifth of February One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
three, Number 516, may be used for the electro-deposition of metals from their
solutions.
My Invention consists, secondly, in an improvement in the construction and
working of uninsulated submarine metallic cables. In this improvement the cable
to be submerged is of large sectional area, and is made of any convenient number
of ordinary galvanized iron wires, and is laid down in any convenient number of
longitudinal sections, as described in the Specification of Letter Patent granted to
me on the Twenty-eighth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-one, Number 2997, and as shewn in the Diagram, Figure 6. In this Diagram
o and p represent the sending and receiving stations on two islands or continents,
between which telegraphic communication is to be established. These stations are
connected together by the uninsulated metallic cable, shewn in this instance in
four longitudinal sections q, q, q, q, the ends of which are united at each shore end
and connected with the electro-magnetic induction machines and receiving instru-
ments r, 8, on the sending and receiving stations respectively. Instead of the
electro-magnetic induction machine being discharged by means of a return cablo,
as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the First of
December, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number 3009, or a
prolonged conductor extending to some distant station at which telegraphic com-
munication is required, as described in the Specification of the Patent, Number
2997, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, above referred to, one pole of
the machine discharges itself by means of a prolonged uninsulated conductor of
about a quarter of a mile to a mile in length, according to the power of the
electro-magnetic machine, employed for transmitting the currents of electricity.
The conductor t is of smaller sectional area than the whole of the main cable q, to
which the other pole of the machine is connected, and the signals are transmitted
between the two stations by breaking, contact or short circuiting the induction
machine at the sending station by any of the well-known methods now practised,
as will be readily understood, and one extremity of the coils of the receiving
instrument at the distant station is connected with the uninsulated cable q

page_text: through which the signals are transmitted, and the other extremity of the coils is
connected with the uninsulated conductor t, which allows the current of electricity.
from the main cable to discharge itself into the earth after passing through the
receiving instrument. By means of this arrangement of uninsulated cables or an
insulated cable of the usual construction, combined with the uninsulated submerged
conductors t, the electric light for light-house illumination, or for signalling at sea,
may be produced at points situated at a distance from the coast and from the
electro-magnetic machine.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First, the making a short circuit between the coils on the armature of a
magnetic, electric, or an electro-magnetic machine, and the coils of the electro-
magnet of an electro-magnetic machine, as shewn and described in reference to
Figures 1, 2, and 3, or by any equivalent arrangement of parts.
Secondly, the improved mode of constructing the commutators of magneto-
electric and electro-magnetic machines, as shewn and described in reference to
Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Thirdly, the improved mode of lubricating the commutators of magneto-electric
and electro-magnetic machines, as shewn and described in reference to Figures 1,
2, and 3.
Fourthly, the improved mode of constructing the armatures of magneto-electric
and electro-magnetic machines, as shewn and described in reference to Figures 4
and 5.
Fifthly, the exciting of the coils of the electro-magnet of an electro-magnetic
machine with the electricity from another electro-magnetic machine, the latter
machine being excited in its turn by a small magneto-electric machine, or other
equivalent source of electricity.
Sixthly, the application of the magneto-electric machine, described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the Twenty-fifth day of February,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number 516, or the electro-magnetic
machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the
First day of December, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number
3006, either with or without the improvements hereinbefore described, for the
electro-deposition of metals from their solutions.
And, lastly, the improved mode of constructing and working uninsulated electric
telegraph cables, as shewn and as described in reference to Figure 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Wilde, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-fourth day of April, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-six.
HENRY WILDE (L.S.)