AN IMPROVED LIFT AND FORCE DOUBLE-ACTION PUMP GIVING A CONTINUOUS AND REGULAR SUPPLY OF LIQUID
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Claude Ludovic Taverdon, of No. 60, Boulevart
de Strasbourg, Paris, Practical Engineer, and Jules Moret, of
Sèvres, near Paris, in the Empire of France, Merchant, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED LIFT AND FORCE DOUBLE-ACTION PUMP
GIVING A CONTINUOUS AND REGULAR SUPPLY OF LIQUID."
Sealed the 10th November 1868, and dated the 20th May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Claude Ludovio
Taverdon and Jules Moret at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th May 1868.
We, CLAUDE LUDOVIC TAVERDON, of No. 60, Boulevart de Strasbourg,
Paris, Practical Engineer, and JULES MORET, of Sèvres, near Paris, in
the Empire of France, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED LIFT AND FORCE DOUBLE-ACTION PUMP
GIVING A CONTINUOUS AND REGULAR SUPPLY OF LIQUID," to be as follows:-
Our pump is very plain though firm and solid in its construction;
its novelty consists in a double-headed stamped leather piston playing
in a cylinder which is divided into two compartments by a moveable

page_text: diaphragm, so that each head of the piston plays in a separate part of
the said cylinder. The heads of the piston are united together by a
tube which is perforated with several holes around its lower part so
that the water raised by the suction of the lower head of the piston as
it moves upward enters the connecting tube which slides in the packed
center of the diaphragm, and the water is thus carried up into the
upper compartment of the cylinder. The upper head of the piston
moves upward, at the same time exhausting in the compartment where
it plays; this upper compartment of the cylinder is also perforated
around for the passage of the liquid in a surrounding chamber in
communication with a compressed air chamber. By their downward
motion both heads of the piston force the liquid in the lower com-
partment of the cylinder out of the upper one and then through the
delivery pipe. No valves are used in our pump, the heads of the piston
acting alternately, now as pistons, then as valves,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Claude Ludovic Taverdon and Jules Moret in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CLAUDE
LUDOVIC TAVERDON, of No. 60, Boulevart de Strasbourg, Paris,
Practical Engineer, and JULES MORET, of Sévres, near Paris, in the
Empire of France, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Claude Ludovic Taverdon and Jules Moret,
Her special licence, that we, the said Claude Ludovic Taverdon and
Jules Moret, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Claude Ludovic Taverdon and Jules Moret, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED

page_text: LIFT AND FORCE DOUBLE-ACTION PUMP GIVING A CONTINUOUS AND REGULAR
SUPPLY OF LIQUID," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Claude Ludovic Taverdon and Jules Moret, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of our,
their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Claude Ludovic Taverdon and
Jules Moret, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being
had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawing forming part of this our
Specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.
Pumps upon our system although very simple are compact, strongly
built, and are not exposed to interior damage. Their novelty consists
chiefly in the particular arrangement of the piston, which may be
composed of two stamped leather heads connected with each other by
a tubular rod or sheath; in some cases the piston has a single head
carrying along the sheath in its up-and-down motion; this sheath is
always set in the central part of the pump and the liquid runs through
it. The piston works in a cylinder divided into two chambers by a
moveable diaphragm so that each head of the said piston plays in
a separate chamber and their tubular connecting or sheath rod slides
in a hole bored through the centre of the diaphragm, which hole is
provided with a water-tight packing. The tubular rod or sheath, which
connects both heads of the piston, is pierced with several holes for the
passage of the liquid which is forced alternately by each of the piston
heads; when one of the said heads creates the vacuum behind it the
other head forces the liquid forward, so that its outflow takes place
unintermittingly. The stamped leather heads of the double-headed
piston act alternately as piston and as valve; there is no other valve.
As in all lift and force pumps, there may be an upper space in which
the air driven by the rising liquid accumulates and forms an elastic
cushion, which by its reaction regulates the speed of the outflow of
liquid.
We will now proceed to describe the acconnancing Drawing which

page_text: to the end that our system of pump may be thoroughly understood,
represents in vertical sections four different types, similar letters of
reference being placed upon and indicating similar parts where such
parts appear or may be seen in each of the Figures respectively.
In Fig. 1, A. is a tubular rod or sheath connecting two pistons P and
P¹ made of stamped leather, and which play in the cylinder S, S'; B is
an air receiver or elastic cushion situated above the cylinder; C, orifice
by which the liquid enters; D, outlet orifice; E, E', packings of stamped
leather, the first being for the passage of the piston rod T, the second
for the passage of the tubular connecting rod or sheath A; F, F, are
the leather packings of the pistons; g, h, o, o', m, perforations through
the bottom of the piston heads, the connecting rod, and the upper
chamber of the cylinder for passage of the liquid; U, moveable diaphragm
forming a partition about the middle of the cylinder; U', upper bottom
through which the rod T slides.
For the better demonstration of the apparatus we will suppose it
filled with water, let us now consider what takes place when both
piston heads are drawn downwards by their tubular connecting rod,
that is to say, in the descending motion. The piston P as it moves
down creating a vacuum behind it, the liquid will rush through the
perforated disc or bottom of the piston P¹, and passing by the tubular
rod A fill up the space formed by the motion of the piston P. The
liquid which was under P (in the space S) will be forced through the
orifice into the common receiver k. As a vacuum is also produced
above P¹ this space will likewise be filled with the liquid rushing up
from the well. Now in the ascending motion the water which is above
P will pass beneath; the vacuum will be produced under P¹ and the
liquid which is above this piston will be forced through the tubular
rod A by the piston P and will flow out through the orifice h.
We would here draw attention to the simplicity of the fitting together
when setting up this pump, this being effected by screwing up the
single piece B on its leather joint at R; by screwing up the said piece
all the other leather joints E, E', and V will be at once tightened.
We reserve the right of giving our lift and force pump whatever
shape we may find most suitable to the requirements of its various
applications. For some of them we may simplify the arrangement;
thus we might, as in Fig. 2, form the main part of the pump of a cylinder
S, S', bored partly of two different diameters; the projection produced

page_text: by this difference of bore forms the seat of the diaphragm U, and this
particular circumstance results from the difference of diameter, namely,
that the greater pressure above always tends to keep the diaphragm
on its seat. Another advantage is that of compensating the difference
of surface of the pistons resulting from the passage of the connecting
tubular rod A as a guide through the cover J which closes the pump.
We would here remark that in this kind of fitting, where the pieces
are put together, a disc I set in a circular groove is instrumental in
sustaining the stamped leather packings O. The upper part of the
connecting tubular rod or sheath A is closed by a plug B¹ soldered
to it, this plug is screw tapped in its centre to receive the compass
head piece L, where hinges the rod T by which the pump is set at
work. The stamped leather packing O' of the disc U is kept on the
said disc by means of a washer compressed by screws. A little water
is poured into the widened part of the cover K to form a hydraulic
joint. If the pump is horizontal a cistern or basin M should be cast
together with the cover J enclosing the end of the tubular rod or
sheath as shewn by red lines, the movement then takes place within
this cistern or basin.
Fig. 3 represents another arrangement of pump of our system, still
composed of a cylindrical body S, S¹, of two different diameters
separated from each other by a diaphragm. U resting upon the
projecting dividing edge. The pistons P and P₁ are connected by the
tubular rod or sheath A, and the hinged rod T runs in the guiding
sheath a; h, inlet aperture of the sheath A; D', hinged valve hung
to the sheath; m, outlet of the liquid cut through the upper cylinder S;
d, d, inlet valves of the lower head of the piston. If we presume
the piston to be moving upwards the liquid will move as follows:-
The piston P' creates the vacuum below; the valves d, d, being shut
the water in the space 8 above P' entering in the aperture
runs through the sheath A and issues out through m after lifting
open the valve D'. During this time the piston P also moving up
the water above it is likewise forced to run out through the same
outlet m. When moving down the piston P creates a vacuum above
in the space S; the valves d, d, being open the liquid rushes into A
and fills up the space S left empty by the motion of P. The piston P¹
at the same time creates the vacuum in the space S¹ filled up by the
liquid rushing through the same aperture m.

page_text: It will be essential to remark that the pistons shewn, Fig. 4, known
generally in France as "Letestu's" system, may be substituted in licu
of those represented in Fig. 3; the said pistons Fig. 4 being in solidarity
of duty with each other will permit doing away altogether with the
valves.
The most characteristic point of our Invention is the tubular rod or
sheath, many combinations may be made with it, each one having
some particular advantage, but each one always proceeding from the
central tubular liquid conveyer which we call sheath.
As a last specimen the Fig. 5 of our annexed Drawing shews in
longitudinal section a double-action sheath pump with a single piston P,
which is no longer of stamped leather but made of wood; H, G, J, N,
are circular or ring-shaped indian-rubber valves, especially intended to
have a close angular point of contact or seat which cannot fail.
If we consider this last pump in its action we shall see that when
the piston P moves up, the liquid rushes through the annular space Q
included betwixt the sheath A and conveying chamber M, the annular
valve J is lifted up and water enters the lower chamber S₁ of the pump.
The water above the piston raises the valve H and flows into the
common receiver B. When the piston moves down it operates the
vacuum in the upper part of the pump, the liquid runs through the
sheath A and flows into the upper part S of the pump, after raising
the valve G. During this downward motion the liquid contained in
the lower part of the pump is forced through the apertures stopped
by the annular valve N and runs in the common receiver B.
As may be seen the motion of the liquid always takes place in the
best and most rational manner on account of the employment of our
central conveyer or sheath.
What we claim as our Invention, and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is, the special arrangement of lift and force double-action and
continuous supply pumps above described and illustrated by the five
Figures on the annexed Drawing, the distinctive and main feature of
said pumps being a central liquid conveying tubular rod or sheath
which moves up and down with the piston, being used to connect both
heads of the said piston when composed of two heads made of stamped
leather, the said rod or sheath being pierced with holes for the passage
of the liquid, the said double-headed piston working in a cylinder

page_text: divided into two compartments by a moveable disc or diaphragm
through the centre of which slides the tubular rod or sheath; the
pumps of this description as illustrated by the Figs. 1 and 2 having
no special valve other than the bottom of the heads of the piston.
We claim also the arrangement shewn in Fig. 3, in which the lower
head of the piston is fitted with two hinged valves and the upper head
with hanging valves, as well as the arrangement shewn in Fig. 4 with
a double-headed piston known as the French system of "Letestu."
Lastly. We claim the combination shewn by the Fig. 5, in which a
single-headed wooden piston carrying the central conveying tubular rod
or sheath plays in a cylinder fitted in the center of a surrounding
chamber, which chamber, cylinder, and sheath are provided with annular
india-rubber valves working as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Claude Ludovic Taverdon and
Jules Moret, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventh
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-eight.
Signed and scaled in the
presence of
C. LUDOVIC TAVERDON. (L.S.)
J. MORET.
L. D'AUBREVILLE, C.E.
(L.S.)