Year: 1887

page_text: We CLAUDE CARTER of Thurso Villas, Albert Road, Levenshulme, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and HENRY HALEY of 18 Bowker Street Higher
Broughton, Manchester aforesaid Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows:-
:-
Our said Invention relates to apparatus for sawing metals and consists in improved
arrangements for rendering such apparatus more compact, effective and easily worked
than hitherto. To obtain the requisite power and speed of the circular saw it is
customary to employ worm gearing, the frictional contact of which absorbs a
considerable amount of driving power. Instead of such worm gearing we use an
arrangement of differential gear. The apparatus may be mounted on a standard
framework bench, or in any other convenient manner. An upright bracket or
standard cast or attached to the table has a boss which carries a hollow sleeve
containing the driving shaft of the machine. Under ordinary circumstances, that is
to say, when the saw is being run at a low speed, this sleeve is held in the boss by a
set screw or other means, but as will be hereafter noted the sleeve is at times capable
of being revolved in unison with the shaft. One end of the sleeve is formed or
provided with an internal spur wheel, and exactly opposite to this wheel but running
loosely on the end of the shaft is a similar internal spur wheel having say one tooth
more than the wheel on the sleeve. Shrouded by the two wheels and gearing with
both is a pinion which is carried round in rolling contact with both internal wheels
by means of an eccentric on the driving shaft the effect of this being, that for each
revolution of the shaft the loose internal wheel is revolved to the extent of say one
tooth, or otherwise to the extent of the number of teeth which it possesses in excess of
the teeth on the fixed wheel carried by the sleeve. The outer periphery of this slowly
revolving wheel is furnished with teeth which engage with and drive a pinion fixed to
the spindle which carries the circular saw. It will of course be evident that instead
of the arrangement of internally toothed differential gearing herein described a similar
effect could be obtained from differential gearing having externally situated teeth.
The driving shaft may be actuated either by fast and loose pulley and belt or by a

page_text: handle, provision being made to permit of the use of either the one or the other as
desired. In sawing the softer class of metals we arrange to run the saw at a higher
rate of speed in the following manner. The end of the sleeve next to the fast driving
pulley is formed with a projection or flange and is provided with a bolt or catch
whereby the flange can be at times connected to the pulley in the same manner, for
example, as the loose cone of a back speed lathe is secured to the front spur. Any
other means may however be adopted so long as the object of causing the sleeve to
partake of the motion of the shaft is obtained. In this case the set screw or other
means for binding the sleeve within the boss is slackened so that when the shaft is
driven the two internal spur wheels revolve at the same speed as the shaft and the
pinion on the saw spindle has its speed correspondingly increased. In some cases the
fixed internal spur wheel may be secured by a foot to the table or to a bracket
extending from the table, instead of binding the sleeve in the boss as described. The
swing frame which carries the saw spindle, saw and pinion, is pivotted on the first
mentioned sleeve supported from the table as aforesaid, and a lever carried on the
said swing frame serves to keep the saw down to its work either by hand pressure or
by springs, or, a weight, and can also be used to raise the saw and swing frame, a
catch being provided to keep the saw in the raised position until the work has been
adjusted on the table. We also provide an adjustable set screw which serves as a stop,
to regulate the depth of cut or as a buffer to prevent the saw from falling into contact
with the table after having passed through the work or to protect the saw and deaden
the shock should the saw accidentally fall from its raised position. A washer of
wood, leather, rubber or other buffing material may be placed between the jamb-nut
on the set screw and the metal of the bracket or web through which it passes. A
prolongation of the standard supporting the sleeve and driving shaft is surmounted by
the cam, which supplies water, suds, or oil to the saw, while at work, or in lieu of the
can a small centrifugal or other pump may be employed to circulate the lubricant
from the trough in the table to the saw. A bar extending from the aforesaid projection
affords a convenient support for the belt fork when driving pullies are used.
Dated this 27th day of December 1887.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.

page_text: improvements in Apparatus for Dawing
We CLAUDE CARTER of Thurso Villas, Albert Road, Levenshulme, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and HENRY HALEY of 18 Bowker Street, Higher
Broughton, Manchester aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:
Our said Invention relates to apparatus for sawing metals and consists in improved
arrangements for rendering such apparatus more compact, effective and easily worked
than hitherto. To obtain the requisite power and speed of the circular saw it is
customary to employ worm gearing, the frictional contact of which absorbs a
considerable amount of driving power. Instead of such worm gearing we use an
arrangement of differential gear.
And in order that our said invention may be properly understood we will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same reference being had to the annexed
two sheets of drawings.
Fig. 1 sheet 1 of the said drawings is an end elevation of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation.
Fig. 3 (sheet 2) is a plan view showing the driving and differential gear in
section.
Fig. 4 (sheet 2) is an enlarged view of the differential gear at the section
line A. B. (Fig. 3) looking towards the driving pullies.
The apparatus is or may be mounted as shown on a standard, framework or bench a or
in any other convenient manner. A bracket or standard attached to the table e has a
boss & which carries a hollow sleeve e containing the driving shaft of the machine.
Under ordinary circumstances, that is to say, when the saw is being run at a low
speed, this sleeve e is held in the boss d by a set screw or other means, but as will
be hereafter noted the sleeve is at times capable of being revolved in unison with the
shaft. One end of the sleeve e is formed or provided with an internal spur wheel i
and exactly opposite to this wheel but running loosely on the end of the shaft is a
similar internal spur wheelj having say one tooth more than the wheel on the sleeve.
Shrouded by the two wheels and gearing with both is a pinion which is carried round
in rolling contact with both internal wheels i. j by means of an eccentric on the
driving shaft the effect of this being, that for each revolution of the shaft the loose
internal wheel is revolved to the extent of say, one tooth or otherwise to the extent
of the number of teeth which it possesses in excess of the teeth on the fixed wheel i
carried by the sleeve. The outer periphery of this slowly revolving wheel j is
furnished with teeth which engage with and drive a pinion m fixed to the spindle n
which carries the circular saw. It will of course be evident that instead of the
arrangement of internally toothed differential gearing herein described a similar effect
could be obtained from differential gearing having externally situated teeth. The
driving shaft may be actuated as shown either by fast and loose pulleys o. o¹ and
belt or by a handle fitted on the squared end of the shaft, provision being made to
permit of the use of either the one or the other as desired. In sawing the softer class
of metals we arrange to run the saw g at a higher rate of speed in the following
The end of the sleeve e next to the fast driving pulley o carries a disc or
flange pand is provided with a bolt or catch g whereby the flange p can be at times
connected to the pulley o in the same manner for example, as the loose cone of a back
manner.

page_text: speed lathe is secured to the front spur. Any other means may however be adopted
so long as the object of causing the sleeve e to partake of the motion of the shaft f
and pulley o is obtained. In this case the set screw or other means for binding
the sleeve e within the boss is slackened so that when the shaft is driven the sleeve
revolves with it and the two internal spur wheels i. j. revolve at the same speed as
the shaft and the pinion m on the saw spindle has its speed correspondingly increased.
In some cases the fixed internal spur wheel may be secured by a foot to the table a
or to a bracket extending from the table, instead of binding the sleeve in the boss as
described. The swing frame 7 which carries the saw spindle, saw, and pinion, is
pivotted on a studs supported from the table and which supports the inner end of the
driving shaft and a levert carried on the said swing frame, serves to keep the saw g
down to its work, either by hand pressure or by springs, or by a weight and can also
be used to raise the saw and swing frame, a catch u being provided to keep the saw
in the raised position until the work has been adjusted on the table. We also provide
an adjustable screw w rotated by a hand wheel which serves as a stop to regulate the
depth of cut or as a means of feeding the saw more slowly down than would be the
case with the weight acting also as a buffer to prevent the saw from falling into contact
with the table after having passed through the work, or to protect the saw and deaden
the shock should the saw accidentally fall from its raised position. A washer of wood,
leather, rubber or other buffing material may be placed between the jamb-nut on the
set screw and the metal of the bracket or web through which it passes. This screw
and its corresponding parts are most clearly seen at Fig. 1. A prolongation of the
standard supporting the sleeve e and driving shaft may be surmounted by a can
not shown in the drawings which supplies water, suds or oil to the saw while at work,
or in lieu of the can a small centrifugal or other pump a may be employed to circulate
the lubricant from the trough y in the table c to the saw through a pipe 3. This
pump may be driven by a band from the fast pulley o as shown. A bar i extending
from the aforesaid projection on the standard b affords a convenient support for the
belt fork 2 when driving pullies are used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
(1) The general arrangement construction and combination of parts comprising the
improved apparatus for sawing metals substantially as hereinbefore described and as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
(2) In metal sawing apparatus imparting revolving motion to the saw by means of
differential toothed gearing arranged and acting substantially as described and
shown.
(3) In metal sawing apparatus the differential toothed gearing for revolving the
saw in combination with the means for increasing the speed of the saw when required
by causing the fixed spur wheel to partake of the rotation of the .driving shaft
substantially as described and shown.
(4) In metal sawing apparatus the swing frame carrying the saw and governed or
held down by a lever and weights or their equivalents in combination with the means
for holding the swing frame in its raised position and the screw acting either as a
means for feeding the saw or as a stop for saving the saw from injury in the event of
the swing frame falling substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 27th day of September 1888.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.