ROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC ENGINES CAPSTANS AND HAND VALVES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Walker of Leeds in the County of York and
Frederick William Walker of the same place Engineers for an invention of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Walker and
Frederick William Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 11th April 1882.
BENJAMIN WALKER of Leeds in the County of York and FREDERICK WILLIAM
WALKER of the same place Engineers
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC ENGINES
CAPSTANS AND HAND VALVES"
This Invention has for its object improvements in hydraulic engines capstans
and hand acting valves.
Our improved hydraulic engine consists of four similar single acting cylinders
arranged in pairs face to face. In each pair of cylinders a double ram works and
a forked connecting rod (embracing one of the cylinders) connects the double ram
with a crank, the two cranks are at right. angles upon the shaft which in the case
of a railway capstan is vertical and has the capstan head fixed on it. Each double
ram has an arm, which is connected by a rod with a lever fixed upon a spindle.
The spindle enters by a stuffing box into the valve box containing the valves
which actuate the rams.
Each valve has three ports, each end port communicates with one of the two
opposite cylinders. The centre port communicates with the return water. The
valve is a slide and is slotted at the back to receive a pin or stud at the end of the
spindle. The pin or stud being eccentric to the spindle imparts a rectilined move-
ment to the valve the spindle making a partial rotation communicated to it
through rod which is connected with the crosshead. The pin or stud is provided
with a head and the groove in the valve is undercut to receive this head thus the
valve is attached to the end of the spindle although free to move transversely.
The pressure of the valve upon the seat is thus relieved by the amount of the
pressure in the opposite direction excited by the liquid in the valve box against
the end of the spindle. In hydraulic engines of this sort the flow of water is
almost uniformn thus avoiding concussions in the pipes.
By constructing valves which have to be moved by hand on the above principle
very large valves can be moved with great ease and it also has the advantage of
making both valve and face last a much greater length of time.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Benjanin Walker and Frederick William Walker in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th October 1882.
BENJAMIN WALKER of Leeds in the County of York and FREDERICK WILLIAM
WALKER of the same place Engineers IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC ENGINES
CAPSTANS AND HAND VALVES
This Invention has for its object improvements in hydraulic engines capstans
and hand acting valves.
Our improved hydraulic engine consists of four similar single acting cylinders
arranged in pairs face to face. In each pair of cylinders a double ram works and a
forked connecting rod, (embracing one of the cylinders) connects the double rain.
with a crank, the two cranks are at right angles upon the shaft which in the case.
of a railway capstan is vertical and has the capstan head fixed on it. Each double
ram has an arm which is connected by a rod with a lever fixed upon a spindle.
The spindle enters by a stuffing box into the valve box containing the valves
which actuate the rams.
Each valve has three ports, each end port communicates with one of the two
opposite cylinders. The centre port cominunicates with the return water. The
valve is a slide and is slotted at the back to receive a pin or stud at the end of the
spindle. The pin or stud being eccentric to the spindle imparts a rectilineal move-
ment to the valve the spindle making a partial rotation communicated to it through
a rod which is connected with the cross head. The pin or stud is provided with a
head and the groove in the valve is undercut to receive this head thus the valve is
attached to the end of the spindle although free to move transversely.
The pressure of the valve upon its seat is thus relieved by the amount of the
pressure in the opposite direction excited by the liquid in the valve box against
the end of the spindle. In hydraulic engines of this sort the flow of water is
alinost uniformn thus avoiding concussions in the pipes.
By constructing valves which have to be moved by hand on the above principle
very large valves can be moved with great ease and it also has the advantage of
making both valve and face last a much greater length of time.
In order that our said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an elevation and Figure 2 is a plan, both being partly in section, of
our hydraulic engine and capstan.
a, is the capstan head mounted upon the top of the vertical crank shaft b.
which has its cranks at right angles, c. c. and d. d. are the two pair of hydraulic
cylinders to and from which the water or liquid. by which the engines are actuated
is caused to pass by a valve arrangement which we will presently describe.
e and are the two double rams working in the cylinders c. c. and d. d. Each
double ram has.a forked connecting rod g. jointed to it and passing to one of the
cranks upon the shaft b. The two limbs of the forked connecting rods g embrace
the cylinder c. d. as the Drawing shows:-
The cranks being at right angles admits of motion being given to the valve of
one pair of cylinders by connection with the ram of the other pair. For this
purpose each ram is provided with an arm h and this is connected by a link
with an arm. This arm at its other end is fixed upon a spindle 2, the partial
.

page_text: rotation of which imparts the desired movement to the valve. The arm k is
curved for the purpose of avoiding in its movement other parts of the mechanism.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 shew the valve mechanism to a larger scale. Figures 3 and 4
are sections taken at right angles through the valve and seat and Figure 5 is a
plan of the valve face.
m. m². m³ are the ports in the valve face. The centre port is the exhaust, it
communicates with the passage n, the other ports communicate respectively with
the outer ends of the cylinders forming a pair. The liquid under pressure is
admitted by the passage o. p is the valve, it has a rectilinear movement to and
fro over the ports. and l. are the arm and spindle already referred to; the spindle
has an eccentric pin . with a head . at its end; this head is received into an
undercut or T section groove cut in the back of the valve. The valve thus hangs
suspended from the spindle, the pressure on the end of the spindle tends to force
the spindle outwards and this pressure relieves the heavier pressure in the opposite
direction forcing the valve against its seat.
Having thus described the nature of our said invention and the manner of
performing the same we would have it understood that we claim :-
First. Our improved hydraulic engine, consisting of four single acting cylinders
arranged in pairs face to face and actuating in the manner described cranks at
right angles upon a shaft.
Second. Our improved hydraulic valve, consisting of a slide suspended from a
ram like spindle which both relieves the pressure of the valve against the valve
face and by its rotation imparts rectilinear movement to the valve.
Third. The hydraulic engine and capstan substantially as represented by the
annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof we the said Benjamin Walker and Frederick William
Walker have hereunto set our hands and seals this seventh day of October
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight bundred and eighty two.
Signed sealed and delivered by the
above named Benjamin Walker
and Frederick William Walker
in the presence of
J KNAPTON THOMPSON
Hunslet
Leeds
(L.S.)
B. WALKER
FRED W WALKER (L.S.)