IMPROVEMENTS IN OPERATING CHANGE-BOXES OF.
Year: 1884

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We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY, of Keighley, Yorkshire, Machine Maker,
and JAMES HILL of the same place, Overlooker do hereby declare the nature of
our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OPERATING CHANGE-BOXES OF. Looчs to be
as follows:
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Our invention is applicable to revolving or circular box looms and is a
mechanical adaptation by which the number of pattern cards is greatly diminished,
thus facilitating the weaving of long patterns in the shuttle or weft part of the
design as when weaving bordered handkerchiefs, shawls, tablecovers, towels &°.
The said invention having especial reference to the pattern card apparatus (the
pattern card cylinder of which being of the common rising and falling description)
the shuttle box operating mechanism may be any one of tho usual well known
kind, the same not being altered in any part except in the draw catches as will
hereafter be described.
As before mentioned we make use of the well known rising and falling pattern
card cylinder and its usual other parts, the only difference in the said pattern card
cylinder being in its length, which is increased in order that its pattern surface may
indicate on an oxtra lever carrying a catch which through the medium of a catchi
wheel and tappet engages or disengages one or the other of two pawls which impart
to the pattern card cylinder during its falling or descending movement, its usual
rotary motion, but as it has a pawl on each side of it, and its ratchet wheel made
to suit, its rotary motion according to its own pattern surface may be in either
direction.
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Attached to the above mentioned catch wheel and tappet is a secondary tappet
which by suitable lever connections and parts is arranged to operate upon the
draw-catches before mentioned as being the only altered parts in the box operating
mechanism. These draw-catches instead of being single are made double in
connection with our invention that is each draw catch is formed to span the peg-
wheel attached to the revolving shuttle box shaft so that it may, when required,
turn the shuttle-box in either direction. Now it must be understood that when
the rotary motion of the pattern card cylinder is reversed, that is when its pattern
surface indicates on its pawls, ongaging the one and disengaging the other, the
draw-catches of the box operating mechanism, being attached to the same, will
also be reversed, so that all the shuttles in the revolving shuttle box will be
15...מ

page_text: kept in their proper places relatively with the pattern cards; also that unless
supplementary means are secured the pattern surface will continue to inversely
repeat itself, so that any length of cloth may be wovon of an inversely repeated
pattern, either of the body or border of the fabric, as may be required; but in
order that the repenting action of the pattern surface may be arrested when the
required length of body or border has been woven we make use of an auxillary
pattern card arrangement which for convenience is mounted in suitable bearings to
the front part of the end frame of the loom. The pattern cylinder in this auxillary
arrangement has fixed to its end a star wheel which is operated on by a peg, or
pegs, projecting from the face of a peg wheel whose periphery forms a ratchet wheel
which is acted upon by a pawl deriving its motion from any suitable part of the
loom but preferably from that part well known as the box lover. The controlment
of the pattern surface on the auxillary card cylinder is conveyed, by suitable
connections such as levers and connecting rods, to the catch (mentioned in the
former part of our description as being carried by a lever) in such a manner as to
pull it out of gear with its wheel; this being done just at the time when the first
named pattern surface is about to reverse itself, the said reversion is thus prevented
and the first named pattern surface continues its course and so moves from one
division of its series of cards to the other for the purpose as above stated.
Had the auxillary card cylinder to revolve as fast as the first named cylinder no
saving-of-pattern cards would ensue, but the reverse would be the case since the
auxillary pattern surface would require as many cards_in_its series as the first
named one would, for both the body and border patterns; so to achieve-this-
point, which is the sole object aimed at, the peg-and-ratchet wheel previously
described, is made to revolve without imparting any more motion to the auxillary
card cylinder than is necessary compatible with the number of picks of weft in tho
design to be woven, as-for example say that the border design of the fabric to be
--woven is composed of 400 picks of weft and that it is-a-straight forward pattern,
or that it is not to be inversely repeated, here the number of pattern cards required
-in-the-first named cylinder (as each card represents 2 picks) would have-to-bo 200
and if the peg-and-ratchet wheel, which-imparts motion to the auxillary card
cylinder, had 8 teeth and one peg (every tooth of which represents 2 picks-since-it-
is worked at that rate from the loom) 16 picks would be woven from each one of
its pattern cards hence the 25th card would indicate and prevent the first named
cylinder from repeating the pattern and so it would move to indicate for the body
of the cloth which we will say is a small pattern of 16 picks but inversely repeated
48 times, here the number of picks in the body of the fabric would be 768, but
would only require 8 cards on the first named cylinder and 48 cards on the auxillary
cylinder thus doing the work with 200, 25, 8 and 48 (total 281) cards that would
ordinarily have required 200 and 384 (total 584) cards.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that the greater the number, of
which the number of picks in the pattern is a multiple, the greater will be the
number over which each card in the auxillary pattern card series will control, and
consequently the slower will the cylinder be required to move and vice versa, also
that this may be accomplished by varying the number of pegs and teeth in the peg-
and-ratchet wheel.
The foregoing describes our invention in connection with a common ordinary
revolving box loom, but it will readily be seen that we can apply it with equal
advantage to those known as pick and pick (that is with a circular box on each
side) or again to those commonly known as "Skippers" since nothing in the box
operating mechanisın would require altering except the draw catches.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY of Keighley, Yorkshire, Machine Maker,
and JAMES HILL of the same place Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of
our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OPERATING CHANGE BOXES OF LOOMS, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention is applicable to revolving or circular box looms and is a mechanical
adaptation by which the number of pattern cards is greatly diminshed, thus
facilitating the weaving of long patterns in the shuttle or weft part of the design
as when weaving bordered handkerchiefs, shawls, table-covers, towels etc. The
said invention having especial reference to the pattern card apparatus (the
pattern card cylinder of which being of the cominon rising and falling description)
the shuttle box operating mechanism may be any one of the usual well known
kind, the same not being altered in any part except in the draw catches as will
hereafter be explained. Wo have annexed the accompanying sheet of drawings so
that our said invention may be more easily understood, Fig. 1 of which is an end
elevation and Fig. 2 a plan of that part of a loom to which our invention applies.
Fig. 3 is a sectional detail elevation (enlarged scale) of Fig. 2 through line A B in
direction of arrow C.
As before mentioned we make use of the well known rising and falling pattern
card cylinder 1 and its usual other parts 2, 3, 4 and 5, the only difference in the
said pattern card cylinder being.in its length, which is increased in order that its
pattern surface may indicate on an extra lever 6 carrying a catch 7 which, through
the medium of a catch wheel 8 and tappet 9 (Fig. 3.) engages or disengages one or
the other of the two pawls 10 and 11 which impart to the pattern card cylinder 1,
during its falling or descending movement, its usual rotary motion, which, according
to its own pattern surface, may be in either direction as the pawls 10 and 11 act
upon the ratchet wheel 12 in a manner reverse to each other.
Attached to the above mentioned catch wheel 8 and tappet 9 is a secondary
tappet 18 which, by the lever 14 (attached to which is an antifriction bowl 15)
connecting rods 16 and 18 and the levers 17 and 19, is arranged to operate upon
the draw catches 20 and 21; before mentioned as being the only altered parts in
the box operating mechanism. These draw catches instead of being single are
made double in connection with our invention, that is both draw catches 20 and 21
are.formed to span the peg wheel 22 attached to the revolving shuttle box shaft, so
that each of them when required can turn the shuttle box 23 in either direction.
Now it must be understood that when the rotary motion of the pattern card
cylinder 1 is reversed, that is when a blank or uncut part on the pattern cards 24
presents itself to the peg 25 fixed in the lever 0, the catch 7, being attached to
the said lever 6, is lifted, thus pushing and partially revolving the catch wheel 8
and tappet 9 (which. engages and disengages the pawls 10 and 11), the draw
catches 20 and 21 are also reversed since the tappet 13, being attached to the catchi
wheel 8, is also partially revolved and by bowl 15, lever 14, connecting rod 16,
lever 17 and connecting rod 18, the lever 19 is made to push or, as the case may

page_text: De, to recede so as to how the spring curvogn va
to push the catches. 20 and 21 so that these are brought to operate on the opposite
side of the peg wheel 22 and so turn the shuttle box 23 in a contrary direction to
that which they did before the said reversion took place, thus all the shuttlos in
the said shuttle box 23 are kept in their proper places relatively with the pattern
cards 24. Likewise it must be understood that unless supplementary means are
secured the pattern surface on the cards 24 will continue to inversely repeat itself,
so that any length of cloth may be woven of an inversely repeated pattern, cither
of the body or border of the fabric, as may be required, but in order that the
repeating action of the pattern surface may be arrested when the required length
of body or border has been woven we make use of an auxillary pattern card
arrangement which for convenience is mounted in suitable bearings 26 to the front
part of the end frame D of the loom. The pattern cylinder 27 has fixed to its
end a star wheel 28 which is operated on by a peg 29 (or when necessary more
than one peg may be used) projecting from the face of a peg wheel 30 whose
periphery forms a ratchet wheel which is acted upon by a pawl 31 deriving its
motion from any suitable part of the loom but preferably from that part 32 well
known as the box lever; by means of the part 33 fixed to the suid lever 32. The
controlment of the pattern surface on the auxillary card cylinder 27 is conveyed
by suitable connections to the catch 7 as follows-when any one of the indicating
pins 34 in the pattern-cards 35 is moved over the cylinder 27 so as to come in
contact with the lever 36 the said lever is lifted-and-by-the connecting rod 37 and
lever 38 the rod 39 (which has a slot-hole at its upper end so as to allow, in-an-
ordinary way of the working of the catch 7,) is pulled down far enough to prevent
the catch 7 from acting on the catch wheel 8 when the lever 6 is lifted as shewn in
-dotted lines. Fig. 3, this being done just at the time when the pattern surface 24
on the cylinder 1 is about-to-reverse itself, the said reversion is thus prevented and
pattern surface-24 continues its course and so moves from one-division of its.series
of cards to the other for the purpose as above-stated..
Had the auxillary-card cylinder 27 to revolve as fast as the cylinder 1 no-saving.
of pattern cards would ensue, but the reverse-would-be the case since the auxillary
pattern surface 35 would require as many cards in its series as the first named-one-
would for both the body and border patterns; so to achieve this point, which is
the object aimed at, the peg and ratchet wheel 30 is made to revolve without
imparting any more motion to the card cylinder 27 than is necessary compatiblo
with the number of picks of weft in the design to be woven; as for example, say
that the border design of the fabric to be woven is composed of 400 picks of
weft and that it is a straight forward pattern, or that it is not to be inversely
repeated, here the number of pattern cards required on cylinder 1 (as each card
represents 2 picks) would have to be 200; and if the peg and ratchet wheel 30 had
8 teeth (every tooth of which represents 2 picks, since it is worked at that rate
from the loom) and only one peg 29 thon 16 picks would be woven from each one
of its pattern cards hence the 25th card would indicate and prevent cylinder 1 from
repeating the pattern and so it would move to indicate for the body of the cloth
which we will say is a small pattern of 16 picks but inversely repeated 48 times, here
the number of picks in the body of the fabric would be 768 (16 x 48), but would
only require 8 cards on cylinder 1 and 48 cards on cylinder 27 thus doing the work
with 200, 25, 8 and 48 (total 281) cards that would ordinarily have required 200
and 384 (total 584) cards.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that the greater the number, of
which the number of picks in the pattern is a multiple, the greater will be the number
over which each card, in the series 35, will control, and consequently the slower
will the cylinder 27 be required to move and vice versa; also that this may be
accomplished by varying the number of pegs 29 and teeth in the periphery of the
ratchet wheel 80.
The foregoing describes our invention in connection with a common ordinary
revolving box loom, but it will readily be seen that we can apply it with equal

page_text: advantage to those known as "skippers or again to those commonly known as
pick and pick (that is with a circular box on each side) since in either case nothing
in tho box operating mechanism would require to be altered except, the draw
catches as fully herein described,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. The use and employment of an auxillary or supplementary pattern card
arrangement in combination with, or for governing or controlling the movements of
an ordinary automatically reversing pattern card cylinder and the revolving shuttle
box substantially in the manner and for the purpose as fully herein described and
illustrated.
2. The use and application of a set of double hookers or draw catches to operate
on the revolving shuttle box in the manner and for the purpose as heroin fully
set forth.
3. The combination of the parts 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, a, b and c with the
double hookers or draw catches 20 and 21 usod and employed for the purpose and
in the manner as fully herein described and illustrated.
4. The combination of the parts 29, 30, 31, 32 and 33 with the cylinder 27 and
wheel 28 used and employed substantially in the manner and for the purpose as
herein fully described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 29th day of April 1885.