An Improved Manufacture of Sufficiently Resistant Blood-stanching Bandaging Material.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 20th June, 1899-Accepted, 5th Aug., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Manufacture of Sufficiently Resistant Blood-stanching
Bandaging Material.
A communication by WILHELM JULIUS TEUFEL, of 51, Neckarstrasse, Stuttgart, in
the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer of Surgical Articles.
J, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :--
This invention has for its object the manufacture from Penghawar djambi of gauze,
mull, wadding, lint, felt and the like blood-stanching bandaging materials of
sufficient resistance, and generally to make valuable in practice the very considerable.
blood stanching action of Penghawar djambi.
Penghawar djambi, which, as is well known, is the golden yellow silky hairs from
the fibrous root bases of certain tree ferns growing in Java and Sumatra, has a well
known action of very effectively arresting or stanching the flow of blood.
In spite
of this prominent quality it is comparatively little or seldom employed in consequence
of the shortness of its fibre, which renders it useful only in isolated cases for slight
bleedings, whilst Penghawar djambi in a pure condition is incapable of being
employed for heavy bleedings, such as bleedings from the nose, (whether spontaneous
or after an operation) and also in the case of shot wounds, stabs and contusions,
where it would have very special valuable properties. In such bleedings, experience
has shown that blood-arresting plugs are better employed, and plugs made of
Penghawar diambi would in consequence of their blood stanching action be very
peculiarly advantageous if it were not that, in consequence of the shortness of their
fibre and the consequent want of resistance resulting therefrom, they have been found
to be without value or recommendation.
In order to remove this drawback the Penghawar djambi has been mixed with
wadding, which mixture is at present in commercial use as "Penghawar wadding,"
but even the use of this mixture is not satisfactory as Penghawar wadding forms no
satisfactory plug. Firstly, the shortness of the fibre and the liability of the Penghawar
djambi to disintegrate in the Penghawar wadding when dry tends to render the
same liable to fall into dust, and secondly as is well known a plug of wadding on.
account of the ordinary well known defects of wadding plugs is not suitable for inost
cases, and in many cases, inore particularly in the case of severe injuries, is directly
useless.
Plugs of gauze, mull and the like made of Penghawar djambi would meet to the
fullest extent the greatest requirements, as plugs of Penghawar gauze or mull and
the like materials would combine the blood-stanching action of the Penghawar djambi
with the valuable properties of gauzes, nulls and the like when used to form plugs.
Hitherto however the use of such gauzes, mulls and the like has always failed owing

page_text: to the shortness of the fibre and the fineness and the great brittleness of Penghawar
djambi.
This invention has for its object to overcome these difficulties and to render
possible the manufacture of gauzes, mulls, fibres, felts and the like of Penghawar
djambi by means of the following process:-
a) In order to make threads for fabrics and yarns a thread is spun of a suitable
assistant or subsidiary material such as cotton, sheep's wool, moss wool, peat wool,
India fibre, silk or the like and with it there is mixed during the spinning a suitable
quantity of Penghawar djambi ; or the spinning material is previously mixed in a
suitable manner with Penghawar djambi and then spun. In this manner a thread
may be made which contains both a sufficient quantity of Penghawar djambi and
also has sufficient durability and strength for the required object, i.e. sufficiently
resistant to allow of its being made into a fabric or yarn.
b) In order to make felt-like fabrics and the like, a suitable subsidiary material is
mixed in a suitable manner with a suitable quantity of Penghawar djambi; and a
felt-like or felty material of a suitable porosity, strength, and capability of resistance
for the object intended is made from this combined material.
c) In order to make fabrics, yarns, felts and the like, Penghawar djambi or a suit-
able combination of the same with any suitable material is applied to a certain extent
like a lining or facing to one or both sides by roughening or combing or in other suit-
able manner. The material thus produced entirely corresponds to the requirements
mentioned at the commencement of the specification. The subsidiary material
employed may be any suitable one and may be rendered asceptic or antiseptic by
means of any suitable process, or may itself be an aseptic substance, for instance
Penghawar djambi itself passes as aseptic. In the fabrics and yarns all threads employed
may either be of the kind of combination thread hereinbefore mentioned or may be
only partially so.
Further, the two materials, that is to say the Penghawar djambi and the subsidiary
material, either alone or mixed together either before the manufacture, or during or
after the completion of the same, may be mixed or treated with a suitable size,
finish or the like which eventually according to its constitution may be removed
from the fabric after it has been completed, or otherwise, as desired. When a size,
finish or the like is employed, Penghawar djambi may also be employed alone, that
is to say without the above mentioned subsidiary materials, but this process is less
to be recommended as in such products the defects of shortness of fibre, fineness and
great brittleness of the Penghawar always become apparent in a deleterious manner
so that the product made according to the methods described in paragraphs a to c in
any case is to be preferred as it entirely and reliably fulfils its object and is also con-
siderably cheaper, which in view of the very high price of Penghawar djambi is of
great importance.
By this invention a binding or bandaging material capable of arresting the flow of
blood is provided which in consequence of this peculiar and particularly favourable
action of the Penghawar djambi causes an almost complete stanching of blood and
a complete closing of the wounds, more particularly in the case of heavy bleedings
and shot wounds or contusions, which circumstance is of the greatest importance
for various operations and more particularly for surgery in warfare.
In war, in future, each combatant may be provided with a suitably compressed
package of some plugs of Penghawar gauze, mull or the like which are specially
arranged more particularly for shot wounds. The combatant is then in a position, if
wounded, of himself effecting on the spot, by the insertion of a plug in the shot
wound, an immediate certain and aseptic and eventually also antiseptic closing of the
wound and of thus being protected against the bleeding and infecting of the wound.
In the case of contusions, wounds or stabs, a bandaging material suitable for con-
tusions or stabs and which also has an immediate aseptic blood-stanching property
may be formed from the plugs of Penghawar gauze, mull or the like intended for
shot wounds.
By the process hereinbefore described, products may be obtained which are suitable

page_text: for the direct manufacture of plugs apart from the fact that these products may be
utilized again in other applications as a means for stanching the flow of blood and
also in place of other materials suitable for bandaging purposes.
An Improved Manufacture of Sufficiently Resistant Blood-stanching
Bandaging Material.
A communication by WILHELM JULIUS TEUFEL, of 51, Neckarstrasse, Stuttgart, in
the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer of Surgical Articles.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both iu
the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has for its object the manufacture from Penghawar djambi of
gauze, mull, wadding, lint, felt and the like blood-stanching bandaging materials of
sufficient resistance, and generally to make valuable in practice the very considerable
blood stanching action of Penghawar djambi.
Penghawar djambi, which, as is well known, is the golden yellow silky hairs from the
fibrous root bases of certain tree ferns growing in Java and Sumatra, has a well known
action of very effectively arresting or stanching the flow of blood. In spite of this
prominent quality it is comparatively little or seldom employed in consequence of
the shortness of its fibre, which renders it useful only in isolated cases for slight
bleedings, whilst Penghawar djambi in a pure condition is incapable of being employed
for heavy bleedings, such as bleedings from the nose, (whether spontaneous or after
an operation) and also in the case of shot wounds, stabs and contusions, where it would
have very special valuable properties. In such bleedings, experience has shown that
blood-arresting plugs are better employed, and plugs made of Penghawar djambi
would in consequence of their blood stanching action be very peculiarly advantageous
if it were not that, in consequence of the shortness of their fibre and the consequent
want of resistance resulting therefrom, they have been found to be without value or
recommendation.
In order to remove this drawback the Penghawar djambi has been mixed with
wadding, which mixture is at present in commercial use as 'Penghawar wadding
but even the use of this mixture is not satisfactory as Penghawar wadding forms no
satisfactory plug. Firstly, the shortness of the fibre and the liability of the Penghawar
djambi to disintegrate in the Penghawar wadding when dry tends to render the same
liable to fall into dust, and secondly as is well known a plug of wadding on account
of the ordinary well known defects of wadding plugs is not suitable for most cases,
and in many cases, more particularly in the case of severe injuries, is directly useless."
Plugs of gauze, mull and the like made of Penghawar djambi would meet to the
fullest extent the greatest requirements, as plugs of Penghawar gauze or mull and the
like materials would combine the blood-stanching action of the Penghawar djambi
with the valuable properties of gauzes, mulls and the like when used to form plugs..
Hitherto however the use of such gauzes, mulls and the like has always failed owing

page_text: to the shortness of the fibre and the fineness and the great brittleness of Penghawar
djambi.
This invention has for the object to overcome these difficulties and to render
possible the manufacture of gauzes, mills, fibres, 'felts and the like of Penghawar
djambi by means of the following process:-
a) In order to make threads for fabrics and yarns a thread is spun of a suitable
assistant or subsidiary material such as cotton, sheep's wool, moss wool, peat wool,
India fibre, silk or the like and with it there is mixed during the spinning a suitable
quantity of Penghawar djambi; or the spinning material is previously mixed in a
suitable manner with Penghawar djambi and then spun. In this manner a thread
may be made which contains both a sufficient quantity of Penghawar djambi and
also has sufficient durability and strength for the required object, i.e. sufficiently
resistant to allow of its being made into a fabric or yarn.
b) In order to make felt-like fabrics and the like, a suitable subsidiary material is
mixed in a suitable manner with a suitable quantity of Penghawar djambi; and a
felt-like or felty material of a suitable porosity, strength and capability of resistance
for the object intended is made from this combined material.
c) In order to make fabrics, yarns, felts and the like, Penghawar djambi or a
suitable combination of the same with any suitable material is applied to a certain
extent like a lining or facing to one or both sides by roughening or combing or in
other suitable manner. The material thus produced entirely corresponds to the
requirements mentioned at the commencement of the specification. The subsidiary
material employed may be any suitable one and may be rendered asceptic or
antiseptic by means of any suitable process, or may itself be an aseptic substance,
for instance Penghawar djambi itself passes as aseptic.
In the fabrics and yarns all threads employed may either be of the kind of
combination thread herein before mentioned or may be only partially so.
Further, the two materials, that is to say the Penghawar djambi and the subsidiary
material either alone or mixed together either before the manufacture, or during or
after the completion of the same, may be mixed or treated with a suitable size, finish
or the like which eventually according to its constitution may be removed from the
fabric after it has been completed, or otherwise, as desired. When a size, finish or the
like is employed, Penghawar Djambi may also be employed alone, that is to say
without the above mentioned subsidiary materials, but this process is less to be
recommended as in such products the defects of shortness of fibre, fineness and great
brittleness of the Penghawar always become apparent in a deleterious manner so that
the product made according to the methods described in paragraphs a to c in any
case is to be preferred as it entirely and reliably fulfils its object and is also
considerably cheaper, which in view of the very high price of Penghawar djambi is
of great importance.
By this invention a binding or bandaging material capable of arresting the flow
of blood is provided which in consequence of this peculiar and particularly favourable
action of the Penghawar djambi causes an almost complete stanching of blood and a
complete closing of the wounds, more particularly in the case of heavy bleedings and
shot wounds or contusions, which circumstance is of the greatest importance for
various operations and more particularly for surgery in warfare.
In war,
in future, each combatant may be provided with a suitably compressed
package of some plugs of Penghawar gauze, mull or the like which are specially
arranged more particularly for shot wounds. The combatant is then in a position,
if wounded, of himself effecting on the spot, by the insertion of a plug in the shot
wound, an immediate certain and aseptic and eventually also antiseptic closing of the
wound and of thus being protected against the bleeding and infecting of the wound.
In the case of contusions, wounds or stabs, a bandaging material suitable for con-
tusions or stabs and which also has an immediate aseptic blood-stanching property
may be formed from the plugs of Penghawar gauze, mull or the like intended for
shot wounds.

page_text: By the process herein before described, products may be obtained which are
table for the direct manufacture of plugs apart from the fact that these products
y be utilized again in other applications as a means for stanching the flow of
od and also in place of other materials suitable for bandaging purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
n and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. A method substantially as herein before set forth of making a sufficiently
istant blood stanching bandaging material in threads, fabrics, wadding, felt or the
e, of Penghawar djambi consisting in,
a) Mixing, during the spinning of the thread of a suitable quantity of Pengha-
war djambi, with a suitable subsidiary material rendered in some suitable
manner antiseptic or aseptic, or mixing the former with the latter even
before the spinning,
b) Working up the thread produced, into wadding or fabric with or without
the use of any other suitable material,
c) Forming a mixture of Penghawar djambi with some other suitable material
into a felt like substance having suitable porosity, strength and resistance,
d) Providing fabrics, wadding, felt, and the like, on one or both sides by
roughening or combing or in other suitable manner, with a covering of
Penghawar djambi, in other words with a kind of lining or facing,
e) Mixing with the subsidiary material or the Penghawar djambi or both
together during or after the manufacture, a suitable size, finish, or the like,
which if desired, may be again subsequently removed.
2. A bandaging material made substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 19th day of June 1899.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.