IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH STREET OR OTHER GULLIES AND THEIR VENTILATION
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hall, of Leeds, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH STREET OR OTHER
GULLIES AND THEIR VENTILATION."
Sealed the 12th August 1879, and dated the 18th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hall at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1879.
JOSEPH HALL, of Leeds, in the County of York. “IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CON-
NECTED WITH STREET OR OTHER GULLIES AND THEIR VENTILATION."
The objects of this Invention, which relates to improvements in street gullies or
similar sanitary traps, are to attain simplicity of construction, durability in wear,
and great efficiency in use.
In constructing street gullies or similar sanitary traps to attain these most
desirable objects I make the trap in one piece, so that no parts can be lost or get
out of order, and of earthenware or any suitable imperishable material, so that no
portion can be damaged or destroyed by the chemical action of the sewer gases,
which have such a damaging and destroying corrosive action upon such traps as
hitherto made, partly or wholly of metal.
The body of the trap is made of any desired shape and size, and with an opening
for the necessary connection with the sewer. A portion of its top adjacent to the
said opening is covered in to prevent anything solid from falling thereinto, but the
remaining portion is open to receive the usual grate.
Solid matter is also prevented from being carried down to the sewer by a trap or
division situated in front of the said opening, and at the bottom of which is made
an opening or passage for the water to allow it to flow down the sewer, and at the
top of which is made a ventilating opening the full width of the gully or trap, and
of any area larger than that of the opening into the sewers, so as to allow all gases
which can pass up the sewer pipe to escape freely and not be stopped, as they have
hitherto been by the usual arrangement of a series of small openings.

page_text: Should it be required to trap any gully a trapping plug would be inserted, so as
to form a perfectly trapped gully.
The above mentioned trap or division is preferably made curved (concave towards
the sewer opening), so that it will be stronger than a straight slab, better adapted
to resist a blow, and to offer less obstruction to any tools used in. cleaning.
The action of the improved gully or trap is as follows:-Water from the street
passing through the grate falls into the open top, and when it fills the gully up to
the level of the opening into the sewer it overflows thereinto, all solid matter falling
to the bottom of the gully, from which it can be readily removed or cleaned out as
or when required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Hall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th August
1879.
JOSEPH HALL, of Leeds, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CON-
NECTED WITH STREET OR OTHER GULLIES AND THEIR VENTILATION."
The objects of this Invention, which relates to improvements in street-gullies or
similar sanitary traps, are to attain simplicity of construction, durability in wear,
and great efficiency in use, and the principal advantages of such gullies or traps
constructed according to this Invention are moderate cost, large capacity, no loose
parts, no metal to corrode, non-obstruction to an effective ventilation of sewers,
non-liability to break in emptying or cleaning out, besides allowing of direct com-
munication with the sewer without any necessity for disturbing the pavement.
In constructing street-gullies or similar sanitary traps to attain these most desirable
objects I make each trap or gully in one piece (as shown most clearly in the per-
spective view, Figure 1, of the accompanying Sheet of Drawings), so that no parts
can be lost or get out of order, and of earthenware, stoneware, or any suitable
imperishable material, so that no portion can be damaged or destroyed by the
chemical action of the sewer gases, which have such a damaging and destroying
corrosive action upon such traps as hitherto made, partly or wholly of metal.
The body 1 of the trap or gully is made of any desirable shape, preferably of
that shown on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and of any desired size, and
it is formed with an opening 2 for the necessary connection with the sewer by a
pipe 3, as shown in the sectional view, Figure 2. A portion 4 at its top, adjacent
to the opening 2, is covered in to prevent anything solid falling through thereinto,
but the remaining portion 5 is open, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and also in the
plan view, Figure 3, to receive the usual grating.
Solid matter is also prevented from being carried down to the sewer by a trap,
division, or dipstone 6, situated in front of the opening 2, and at the bottom of
which is made an opening or passage 7 for the water, to allow it to flow from the
body of the gully to the opening 2, and thence down to the sewer, and at the top
of which is made a ventilating opening 8 the full width of the gully or trap, and
of an area larger than that of the opening 2 into the sewer, so as to allow all
gases which can pass up the sewer-pipe 3 to escape freely, and not be stopped
or choked as they have hitherto been by the usual arrangement of a series of small
openings.
The division 6 is made of a curved form, as shown most clearly in Figures 1
and 2 (concave towards the sewer opening 2), so that it will be stronger than a
straight slab, better adapted to resist a blow, and offer less obstruction to any tools
used in cleaning out the gully. In most cases it would be shaped and situated as
shown most clearly in Figure 2; but when the gully is required to be fixed at an
unusual depth from the street surface, it would be shaped and situated as illustrated
in the detail views, Figures 4 and 5.
Should it be required to trap any gully a trapping plug 9, shown in perspective
view in Figure 6, would be inserted into the ventilating-opening 8, so as to form a
perfectly trapped gully.
The action of the above described improved gully or trap is as follows:-Water
from the street passing through the grating at 5 falls into the gully, which it fills
up to the level of the opening 2, and then in accumulating flows over therethrough,
and down the pipe 3 into the sewer, all solid matter in suspension not carried over
by the water falling to the bottom of the gully, from which it can be readily
removed or cleared as or when required.
Having now described the nature and objects of my said Invention, together
with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into

page_text: practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that what I claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The manufacture of ventilating street-gullies or sanitary traps in earthen-
ware, stoneware, or other suitable incorrodible and imperishable material in one
piece, of the form herein before described, and illustrated on the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings, or of any mere modification thereof by which the above mentioned
objects are attained.
Second. Constructing the ventilating opening (8) in the form of a long narrow
slit, instead of a series of small holes as hitherto, and of a greater area than and
above the opening (2) leading to the sewer, to allow of a freer egress of the sewer
gases and prevent an overflow, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Third. Constructing the trap division or dipstone (6) in a curved form, instead of
straight as hitherto, so as to be stronger and not liable to be broken by the clearing
out instruments, and arranging it so as to offer less obstruction thereto, substantially
as herein before described.
And, Fourth. Trapping the gully by means of a removable plug 9 made to fit
the ventilating opening, substantially as hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Hall, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
JOSEPH HALL. (L.S.)