Improvements in Stop Motions Employed in Spinning, Twisting, or Doubling Machinery.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 14th Sept., 1888
Improvements in Stop Motions Employed in Spinning, Twisting, or
Doubling Machinery.
We, EDWARD HAIGH and EDWIN HARGREAVES of Rose Mary Lane, Huddersfield
Yorkshire, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to stop motions employed in spinning, twisting or
doubling machinery for stopping the rotation of the spindle when the yarn or thread
breaks, the object of our improvements in such stop motions being firstly-to stop
the rotation of the spindle when one or more of the yarns or threads break before they
are twisted together, and-secondly-to stop the rotation of the spindle when the yarn
breaks after it has been twisted, in such manner, that waste of yarn resulting from
breakage thereof is reduced to a minimum.
In order to carry out our invention we employ in conjunction with suitable eyelets,
supported loosely in a bracket connected to the top of the frame, a plate, preferably
arranged to reciprocate or slide backwards and forwards in a horizontal position, such
plate being provided with slots or openings of the same number as, and corresponding
to, the eyelets employed. Reciprocatory or backward and forward motion is given to
the said plate by means of a suitably arranged lever operated by a lever arm secured
to a horizontal rocking shaft running the length of the machine.
The top drawing roller is made capable of rising and falling by means of lever arms
or a suitably shaped lever or levers having their fulcrum upon a cross bar or rod
extending across the machine, the opposite end of the said lever or levers working in
combination with the vertical lever for operating the "knocking off" mechanism which
stops the rotation of the spindle.
The yarn or threads to be twisted are threaded through the beforementioned eyelets,
through or partially around suitable guides, and between the drawing rollers, from
whence the twisted yarn passes to the spindle upon which it is wound. If one of the
threads of yarn, preparatory to being twisted, or spun, with the rest, should happen
to break, the eyelet through which it is threaded and which is supported thereby

page_text: being deprived of such support, will fall, in doing which, its lower extremity enters
into the slot or opening, corresponding to the said eyclet, made in the recipro-
catory plate, by which means, the said plate held stationary or nearly so, and by
means of a lever and catch or projection, the vertical lever connected to the
'knocking off" mechanism is operated, causing the said "knocking off" mechanism
to grip the band which drives the spindles, thereby holding such driving band
and stopping the rotation of the spindle. When the broken ends have been tied
together, the attendant operates a small hand lever which releases the "knocking
off" mechanism and places the several parts in their former positions.
The second part of our invention relates to means to be used in combination
with the mechanism above described, for stopping the rotation of the spindle when
the twisted yarn, or that portion of the yarn between the drawing rollers and the
spindle, should happen to break, and this we accomplish by the employment of a
"feeler," or bent piece of wire or other suitable material, which also answers the
purpose of a lever. The twisted yarn passes over the bent portion of the said
"feeler," so that when it breaks, the tension on the "feeler" is removed, thereby
allowing the bent end thereof to ascend, the opposite end descending until it comes
against the reciprocatory plate, which, by means aforesaid operates the vertical lever,
and consequently, the "knocking off" mechanism, whereby the rotation of the spindle
is stopped.
By causing the top drawing roller to rise out of contact with the bottom drawing
roller when the yarn or threads break, such yarn or threads will not be wound onto
the said roller as is the case with existing stop motions.
By the means above set forth, the rotation of the spindle is automatically stopped
as soon as the yarn breaks, thereby reducing waste of yarn, caused by such breakage,
to a minimum.
Dated this 8th day. of Nawramhor 1007
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Stop Motions Employed in Spinning, Twisting, or
Doubling Machinery.
We, EDWARD HAIGH and EDWIN HARGREAVES, of Rosemary Lane, Huddersfield,
Yorkshire, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement
:-
This invention has reference to stop motions employed in machinery for spinning,
twisting, or doubling woollen, worsted, cotton, or silk yarns, for stopping the rotation
of the spindle when the yarn or threads break, the object of our improvements in such
stop motions being, Firstly, to stop the rotation of the spindle when one or more
threads of yarn break before they are twisted together, and, Secondly, to stop the
rotation of the spindle when the yarn breaks after it has been twisted, whereby waste
of yarn, resulting from breakage thereof, is reduced to a minimum.
In order to carry out the first part of our invention, we employ in conjunction with
suitable eyelets supported loosely in a bracket connected to the top of the machine, a
plate preferably arranged to reciprocate or slide backwards and forwards in a horizontal
position, such said plate being provided with slots or openings, of the same number as,
and corresponding to, the eyelets employed. Reciprocatory or backward and forward
motion is given to the said plate by means of a suitably arranged lever operated by a
lever arm secured to a horizontal rocking shaft extending the full length of the machine.
The top drawing roller is made capable of being raised out of contact with the bottom
or driven drawing roller when the yarn breaks, either before or after being twisted,
by means of one end of a suitably shaped lever whose opposite end is connected by
vertical rod to the knocking off mechanism. The yarn or threads of yarn to be
twisted are threaded through the before mentioned eyelets, through or partially around
suitable guide eyes and between the drawing rollers when they are twisted together
by the rotary action of the spindle upon which such twisted yarn is subsequently
wound. When one or more of the threads of yarn, previous to being twisted or spun,
break, the eyelet or eyelets through which they are threaded, and which are supported
thereby, being deprived of their support, will fall, in doing which their lower ends
pass through the slots or openings, corresponding to the said eyelets, made in the
reciprocatory plate, by which means the said plate is held stationary or nearly so,
and by means of the lever first herein mentioned and a weighted lever having a catch
or projection thereon, upon which rests a sneck projecting from one side of the lever
connected with the knocking off mechanism, the catch is withdrawn from under the
said sneck, thereby allowing the lever to move upon its fulcrum in such manner that
the knocking off mechanism is operated and the rotation of the spindle immediately
stopped. When the ends have been tied together, the attendant operates the lever
connected with the knocking off mechanism whereby the several parts are placed in
their former positions.

page_text: In order that our invention may be more fully understood, we herein make
reference to the figures on the accompanying sheets of drawings and to the letters of
reference marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is sectional elevation of so much of a twisting frame as is necessary to shew
the application thereto of our improved stop motion. Fig. 2 enlarged elevation of
stop motion shewing in full line the positions the parts assume when one of the threads
of yarn has broken, and the knocking off mechanism has been operated so as to stop
the rotation of the spindle, and Fig. 3 is plan view of stop motion.
1 is the framework of the machine, 2 the spindle, driven by means of wharle 3 and
driving band 4 from the tin cylinder 5 in the ordinary manner. The driving band 4
when travelling in one direction passes over a tension pulley 6 mounted on a stud 7
projecting from one end of a lever 8 pivotted at 9 to the bracket 10, the opposite end
of said lever carrying a projection 11 extending at right angles therefrom, which,
together with a similar projection 12 carried by the short arm 13, form jaws between
which the driving band 4 is caused to travel, so that when that end of the lever 8
carrying the tension pulley 6 is caused to descend as afterwards explained, the opposite
end thereof rises, and the projection 12 (by means of the arm or rod 14 connected at
one end to the loose end of short lever 13 and at the opposite end to the stud 7) at
the same time descends, the two projections or jaws being thereby brought together
so as to grip the driving band 4 between their surfaces, and in addition to this, the
descent of the tension pulley 6 slackens the driving band so that the friction thereof
upon the tin cylinder is removed or minimised, whereby the rotation of the spindle is
immediately stopped, when the knocking off mechanism, as above described, is
operated, and there will be no possibility of the spindle being rotated, however slightly,
until the friction pulley 6 is raised into its former position and the jaws opened.
To the same end of the lever 8 which carries the tension pulley 6 is connected one
end of a rod 15, the upper or opposite end of which is connected to one end of a
tumbling lever 16 pivotted at 17 to the bracket or pedestal 18 bolted to the rail 19,
such said lever 16 being provided at its opposite end with a handle 20.
Projecting from the side of the tumbling lever is a sneck 21 (see Fig. 6), which,
when yarn is being twisted and wound onto the spindle, rests upon and is supported
by a catch 22 projecting from the side of the weighted lever 23 centered or hinged
at 24 to the upper part of the pedestal 18. The hinged lever 23 also carries a stud 25
upon which is mounted a cranked lever 26, the lower end thereof carrying a stud 27
entering into a slot formed in the lever arm 28 mounted on the rocking shaft 29
extending the length of the machine; whilst the upper end of said lever 26 is con-
nected at 30 to the reciprocatory plate 31 which passes through and is capable of
sliding backwards and forwards in the opening 32 made in the pedestal 18, such said
plate having slots or openings 32 formed therein (see Figs. 2 and 3) of the same
number as, and corresponding to, the eyelets 34 employed, the latter being arranged
above the said plate 31 and supported loosely in the pedestal 18. 35 is the bottom or
driven drawing roller and 36 the upper drawing roller which is driven by frictional
contact with roller 35. The drawing roller 36 is supported by a bracket 37 hinged
at 38 to the pedestal 18, the lower extremity of said bracket resting against the curved
end of the tumbling lever 16. For the purpose of giving the requisite rocking motion
to the shaft 29, we mount a pinion 39 on the shaft of the driven drawing roller 35
which gears with a pinion 40 carried by a stud projecting from the side of the
machine. One end of a rod 41 is connected eccentrically to the face of the pinion 40,
the opposite end of such rod being connected to the loose end of lever 42 mounted
on the rocking shaft 29, so that when rotary motion is communicated to the pinion 40,
rocking motion is given to the shaft 29 by means of rod 41 and lever 42. The
threads of yarn to be twisted are unwound from the bobbins 43 and may or may not
be passed over or under suitable guide rails, then threaded through the eyelets 34,
through the eyelets 44, around the top drawing roller, and from thence passed through
the hook 45 and conducted back between the drawing rollers, through the eyelet 46
connected to the hinged lever 47 and finally conducted to the spindle 2 upon which it
is to be wound, or onto a bobbin thereon.
a
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page_text: The tension of the threads of yarn, between the bobbins 43 and drawing rollers,
lifts up the eyelets 34 so that their lower ends are clear of the plate 31, which plate,
when the machine is set in motion, is caused to reciprocate or move backwards and
forwards by means of the cranked lever 26, operated by the oscillating lever arm 28
on the rocking shaft 29, the said shaft receiving its rocking motion by means of
lever 42 and rod 41 from pinion wheel 40 as previously explained. As long as the
threads of yarn previous to being twisted remain intact or unbroken, the cranked
lover 26 has its fulcrum on the stud 25 upon which it moves and consequently
reciprocates the plate 31 to the extents indicated by dotted lines Fig. 4, the
tumbling lever 16 being held in the position shewn in Fig. 1, and in dotted line in
Fig. 2 by the catch 22 on the lever 23, thereby holding or supporting the knocking
off mechanism in the position shewn in Fig. I and in dotted lines in Fig. 2 so as to
allow rotary motion to be communicated from the tin cylinder 5 to the spindle; but
immediately a thread or end breaks, the eyelet 34, through which it was threaded, and
which was supported thereby, having lost such support, will fall, so that when the
reciprocatory plate 31 reaclies the extent of its backward movement and exposes a
portion of the slots or openings made in the said plate, as shewn in Fig. 2, the lower
end of the eyelet will pass through the slot in the plate corresponding thereto, thereby
holding such plate and preventing its return movement, the consequence of which is,
that the fulcrum of the cranked lever 26 is changed from the stul 25 to the part
marked 30, so that on the return movement of the lever arm 28, the cranked lever 26
together with the weighted lever 23 are forced from the positions shewn in dotted lines
to those shewn in full lines in Fig. 2, whereby the catch 22 is withdrawn from under the
sneck 21 on the end of the tumbling lever 16. Immediately the said lever 16 is released
it is drawn into the position shewn in full line in Fig. 2 by the weight of the lever 8
and pulley 6, through the medium of rod 15; the said lever and pulley consequently
descending from the positions shewn in dotted lines to those shewn in full lines in
Fig. 2, whereby the tension on the driving band is removed, whilst the jaws 11 and 12
are caused to close upon the driving band, as also shewn in full line in Fig. 2, by
which means the rotation of the spindle is immediately stopped on the breakage of a
thread or threads of yarn.
When the tumbling lever 16 is moved upon its fulcrum by the weight of the
knocking off mechanism, the curved end of the said tumbling lever, in ascending,
forces the bottom end of the bracket 37 outwards and thereby raises the top drawing
roller out of contact with the bottom drawing roller so that further delivery of the
yarn is prevented, until the broken ends have been tied and the parts placed into the
positions shewn in Fig. 1 and in dotted lines in Fig. 2.
It will be understood that, as long as the parts remain in the positions shown in full
lines in Fig. 2, the cranked lever 26 will work or oscillate upon the stud connecting
it to the reciprocatory plate 31, thereby allowing the said plate to remain stationary
or nearly so until the ends have been tied, when the attendant depresses the handle 20,
lifting the sneck 21 onto the catch 22 and operating the knocking off mechanism so
that the driving band is released and tightened, and communicates rotary motion to
the spindle, whereby the cranked lever 26 again works upon the fulcrum 25 and gives
the requisite reciprocatory motion to the plate 31.
The second part of our invention relates to means to be used in combination with
the mechanism above described, for stopping the rotation of the spindle when the
twisted yarn, or that portion of the yarn between the drawing rollers and the spindle,
should happen to break.
In order to accomplish this part of our invention, we connect or cast a projecting
piece 48 on the front end of the reciprocatory plate 31, which will therefore move
backwards and forwards with the said plate. It will be seen that when the twisted
yarn is intact, the lever 47 will be held in the position shewn in full line, by the
tension of the yarn upon the eyelet 46, but when the yarn is broken, the tension
thereof upon the said eyelet is removed, and consequently the weighted end of the
lever descends and rests upon the stop piece 49, as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 4, so
that on the next forward movement of the reciprocatory plate 31, the projecting

page_text: piece 48 will come against the weighted end of the lever 47 which prevents the said
plate completing its movement in that direction, whereby the fulcrum of the cranked
lever 26 is changed and the knocking off mechanism operated so as to stop the
rotation of the spindle in precisely the same manner as previously described.
Each spindle in the machine has one of our improved stop motions connected there-
with, and in order that the whole of the stop motions may be simultaneously
rendered inoperative, just before the machine has stopped, or until it has begun to
run; we provide the pinion 39 with a feather or key which slides in a corresponding
groove formed in the shaft. A neck 50 (see plan view Fig. 5) is formed in the collar
of the pinion, into which enters a projection or fork carried by the hand lever 51,
so that when such hand lever is moved to the position indicated by dotted line, the
pinion 39 is slided out of gear with the pinion 40 which therefore ceases to
rotate and rock the shaft 29, whereby the whole of the stop motions will be rendered
inoperative.
By the means above set forth and shewn on the accompanying drawings, the
rotation of the spindle is automatically stopped immediately the thread or threads of
yarn break, either previous to or after being twisted, whereby waste of yarn resulting
from breakage thereof will be reduced to a minimum.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and shewn in what manner the same is to be performed, wo declare that
what we claim is :-
Firstly. In a stop motion for stopping the rotation of the spindle on the breakage
of yarn previous to being spun, twisted, or doubled, the combination with supported
eyelets 34, of a horizontal reciprocatory plate 31, made with openings 33, one for cach
eyelet together with cranked lever 26 operated by lever arm 28 from rocking
shaft 29, substantially as herein shewn and described.
Secondly. In a stop motion, where, on the breakage of a thread previous to being
twisted, an eyelet falls into a slot made in the plate 31, the use of a bent lover 26
which, on the said plate being held by the eyelet, changes or is caused to change its
fulcrum from stud 25 to point marked 30, for the purpose of oscillating the weighted
lever 23 so that catch 22 thereon is withdrawn from under sneck 21 on tumbling
lever 16, which is thereby allowed to operate the knocking off mechanism, substan-
tially as herein shewn and described.
Thirdly. In combination with a stop motion such as herein shewn and described, of
a weighted lever 47 carrying an eyelet or "feeler" 46 for operating the stop motion on
the breakage of yarn after being twisted.
Fourthly. The combination with tumbling lever 16 of hinged bracket 37
supporting the top drawing roller 36 substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 10th day of August 1888.