AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PICKERS TO BE USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND ALSO IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN. THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Fielden, jun., of Walsden, in the County
of Lancaster, Picker Manufacturer, and Thomas Fielden, of the same.
Place, also Picker Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PICKERS TO BE USED IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING, AND ALSO IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN.
THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME."
Sealed the 12th August 1859, and dated the 25th February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Fielden, jun'.,
and Thomas Fielden, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 25th February 1859.
We, ROBERT FIELDEN, jun, of Walsden, in the County of Lancaster,
Picker Manufacturer, and THOMAS FIELDEN, of the same Place, also Picker
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PICKERS TO BE USED IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND ALSO IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," to be as follows:-
It consists, first, in a new mode of building, lapping, or combining the
materials of which the pickers are constructed. We first of all cut the
buffalo bide or skins into certain lengths and breadths according to the weight
and size of the pickers intended to be made. The material thus prepared is
coiled up so as to resemble a pipe or tube, which is then submitted to pressure,.
by which it is formed into a fillet or ribbon. The fillet or ribbon is then made
into a picker of the required form.

page_text: The second part of our Invention consists in the application of certain
machinery by which we effect the coiling and pressing of the buffalo hide
or skins, so as to form the fillet or ribbon before mentioned, and after-
wards to form or shape it into a picker. The first machine is a press
of a peculiar construction, the bottom plate having in it a groove corre-
sponding to the fillet or ribbon to be produced, and the upper plate having
a long projection or die corresponding to the groove. In this groove we
place a mandrell, having a handle or winch by which it is turned round.
We coil on the mandrell a piece of the buffalo hide or skin (previously
cut to the size required as before mentioned.) We next withdraw the
mandrell and bring down the upper plate of the press on to the pipe or tube
thus formed, by which action it is thus pressed and formed into a ribbon or
fillet. The fillet or ribbon is then withdrawn and folded round another piece
of metal of an oblong form and placed in another press or vice, by which it
receives the form of a picker, it is then wired and completed in the usual
manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Fielden, junior, and Thomas Fielden, in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 24th August 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
FIELDEN, junior, of Walsden, in the County of Lancaster, Picker Manu-
facturer, and THOMAS FIELDEN, of the same Place, also Picker Manufac-
turer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Robert Fielden, jun', and Thomas Fielden, Her special licence that
we, the said Robert Fielden, junr, and Thomas Fielden, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others that we, the said Robert Fielden, junior,
and Thomas Fielden, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an "Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PICKERS TO BE USED IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND ALSO IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN

page_text: THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Robert Fielden, junior, and Thomas Fielden, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Fielden, junior, and Thomas
Fielden, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and the accompanying Drawing (that
is to say):
--
Our Invention consists, first, in a mode of folding or coiling up the material
or materials of which pickers are made or constructed; and, second, in the
application and adaptation of certain machinery or apparatus for the purpose
of coiling or folding and pressing the said material or materials.
In order to make our Invention more clearly understood, we have hereunto
annexed a Sheet of Drawings, to which and to the letters and figures of
reference marked thereon, the following description relates:-The same letters
or figures of reference, or letters and figures conjoined, indicating in all cases
the same parts of the machinery or apparatus.
Fig. 1 represents an end elevation of a machine to which our improvements
are applied; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 8, a section through the dotted
line xy, in Fig. 2; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6, separate parts.
A, A, two
standards or framework, which support the acting parts of the machine;
B, B, a headstock, at the lower part or plate of which is a groove C, C; at
each end of this groove is an aperture through the headstock B, B, in, which
apertures work the two tubes C and C²; at the outer ends of which are the
spur wheels C3 and C; separate sections of these two tubes are shewn in
Figs. 4 and 5; D, a maundrell, having a split or groove in it through the
greater part of its length, and a filbow or handle at one end, a separate view
of which is shewn in Fig. 6. When in use this maundrell is inserted into. the
groove C, C, by being passed through the tube C³, the point entering the
tube C2, in the interior of which tube is a feather (shewn in. Fig. 5), which
enters into the slit at the point of the maundrell; D¹, an axis, at one end of
which is the pinion D2, and at the other end the. pinion D³; the pinion D²
geers into the spur wheel C³, and the pinion D³ into the spur wheel C*; D', 'a
winch or handle on the axis D¹. By this means, when the maundrell D is

page_text: placed in the groove C, a rotatory motion can be communicated to it, as may
be required; E, a strong piece or bar of metal, of such a length and thickness
as to enter the groove C; this piece of metal E has at one end, projecting
upwards, the filbow E, and at the other end the filbow E; these filbows are
furnished with short rods of metal, which pass through the guides E³ and E*;
the two filbows, E and E, are operated upon by a cam or eccentric on the
shaft F, by the rotation of which the piece of metal E is, therefore, alternately
a spur
wheel keyed
depressed forcibly into the groove C, and raised out of it; F¹,
on the axis F, and geered into the pinion G¹ on the 'axis G; G2, a spur wheel
keyed on the same axis G, and which geers into the pinion 'H' on the axis H,
on which is keyed the. fly wheel Hand the ratchet wheel H³; H, a stud fixed
on the rim of the fly wheel H, and which serves as a winch or handle by
which motion is communicated to the cam on the shaft F, through the train of
wheels just described. A piece of the material (hide or skin, or other sub-
stance appropriate to the purpose) to be made into a picker, being cut to the
proper dimensions, the maundrell D is placed in the groove C, the first edge of
the material is then inserted into the split or groove in the maundrell; the
maundrell being then turned round by means of the winch D', the material is
coiled or rolled upon it. This being done, the maundrell D is withdrawn from
the groove C, and the fly wheel H³ being put in motion, the strong piece of
metal or bar E is brought down forcibly on to the coil of the material, which
is thus pressed flat and formed into a ribbon or fillet. In order to remove the
ribbon or fillet from the groove C, the following additional mechanism is
employed: At the bottom of the groove C (which is made sufficiently deep
for that purpose) is placed the small rod or strip of metal I, I. Through the
plate of metal in which the groove C is formed, are perforated two holes,
through which pass the two rods 11, I¹; I, a cross piece to which these two
rods are connected; I, a lever turning on the centre I, which acts upon the
cross piece 1, by pressing upon the outer arm of the lever Is; the rod or strip
of metal I, I, is raised, and the ribbon or fillet is ejected from' the' groove C.
The ribbon or fillet is then folded up and wired and completed, so as to form
a picker in the usual manner.
.
We do not, however, confine ourselves to the precise details of the mecha-
nism above described, as the same may be varied. We also sometimes coil the
material on to the maundrell and withdraw the maundrell previous to placing
the coil in the press or vice by which it is formed into a ribbon or. fillet.
We would also observe, that though we have described the above machinery
as being worked by manual labour, we do not confine ourselves thereto, as it
may also be put in motion by any adequate first moving power, by means of a

page_text: pair of fast and loose pulleys and driving belt, or similar contrivance, which
may be used in conjunction with the fly wheel H' and its winch or handle, or
separately, as required.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we claim as
new and of our Invention is as follows:-
First, we claim the mode of forming pickers to be used in power looms, by
coiling or rolling the material into a tube, and afterwards pressing the tube so
as to form a ribbon or fillet preparatory to its being pressed and moulded into
the form of picker, as herein described.
Second, we claim the application, adaptation, and combination of the
groove C, the divided maundrell D, and strong piece or bar of metal E, acted
upon by an eccentric or screw, or other appliance, for the purpose of com-
pressing the material into a ribbon or fillet preparatory to its being moulded
or pressed into the form of a picker, as shewn in the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, and herein described.
Third, we claim the arrangement, adaptation, and combination of parts
constituting the machine or apparatus, as shewn in the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, and herein described..
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Fielden (for the within-named
Robert Fielden, junior, as well as for myself), have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
THOMAS FIELDEN. (L.s.)
Signed by the within-named Thomas
Fielden in the presence of
JOHN POTTER, C.E.,
9, Corporation Street, Manchester.