IMPROVEMENTS be as THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRE LIGHTERS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR follows
Year: 1884

page_text: We ROBERT FALLNICHT and MAX BEHREND both of Berlin, Prussia, German
Empire do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
" to be as
THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRE LIGHTERS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
follows:-
This invention consists in a process for producing a fire lighter, which quickly
and surely brings about the ignition of all inflammable materials, at the same
time it may also serve as fuel, as it possesses a lasting and intense power of
beating. Further this invention consists in the apparatus used for producing the
fire lighter.
The fire lighter is partly composed of resinous refuse from the production of
petroleum and partly of resin, turpentine, lignite or brown coal, nitrate of potash,
powdered fire cones, granulated wood and cork refuse, dried cut potato tops or
similar combustible substances such as straw and the like. The production of the
fire lighter depends very much upon the manner of mixing the component parts
with each other, in order to attain the greatest possible amount of heating power,
further on the preparatory treatment of the wood refuse used and especially also
on the manner in which the escape of the combustible gases of the mass is
prevented, which takes place by the addition of nitrate of potash and otherwise
as will be further described.
The fire lighter is produced successfully by means of the apparatus to be
described, in the following manner.
Fifty pounds of petroleum refuse are put into a boiler heated by an underneath
fire place which is bricked in so that the burning gases pass under and round the.
boiler going through flues.
Instead of being provided with an ordinary cover, this boiler has another boiler
with a perforated bottom hung therein. In this inside boiler are put fifty pounds
of granulated wood refuse (turner's shavings for instance) and then the whole is
closed with a cover.
By heating the petroleum refuse in the outside boiler, gases are produced which
through the perforated bottom of the inside boiler pass into the wood refuse.

page_text: The wood shavings thus permeated by the petroleum gases are then put into a
boiler near by, in which there is sixty pounds of boiling resin, and the mass is then
stirred, the following ingredients being added in the following order: ten pounds
of lignite or brown coal dust, ten pounds of coal dust or smalls, five pounds of
turpentine, 0.90 pounds of nitrate of potash, 12 pounds of pulverized fir cones,
fifteen pounds of cork refuse, and five pounds of pulverized potato tops (or chopped
up straw or the like).
After stirring this mass for about twenty minutes, it becomes a tongh dark
brown pulp which is then made in the form of tablets one side of which is nearly
cut through in places in order to afford facility for breaking them up into smaller
tablets or pieces. After drying for half an hour these tablets are ready for use.
Dated this Twentysixth day of January 1884.

page_text: We, ROBERT FALLNICHT and MAX BEHREND both of Berlin Prussia German
Empire do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRELIGHTERS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR" and, in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention consists in a process for producing a firelighter, which quickly
and surely brings about the ignition of all inflammable materials, at the same time
it may also serve as fuel as it possesses a lasting and intense power of heating.
Further this invention consists in the apparatus used for producing the firelighter.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows the apparatus for making the
firelighter in cross section, and Figures 2 and 3 in plan and side elevation, the
firelighter made into a tablet form.
The firelighter is partly composed of resinous refuse from the production of
petroleum and partly of resin, turpentine, lignite or brown coal, nitrate of potash,
powdered fir-cones, granulated wood and cork refuse, dried cut potato tops or
similar combustible substances such as straw and the like. The production of the
firelighter depends very much upon the manner of mixing the component parts
with each other, in order to attain the greatest possible amount of heating power;
further on the preparatory treatment of the wood refuse used, and especially also
on the nanner in which the escape of the combustible gases of the mass is
prevented, which is effected by the addition of nitrate of potash and otherwise as
will be further described.
The firelighter is produced successfully by means of the apparatus to be
described which is shown in the accompanying drawings or it may be by any
other suitable apparatus in the following manner.
Fifty pounds of petroleum refuse are put into the boiler A, Figure 1 heated by
an underneath fire place B which is bricked in as shown at E so that the burning
gases pass under and round the boiler going through the flues E¹.
Instead of being provided with an ordinary cover, this boiler has another
boiler A¹ with a perforated bottom hung therein. In this inside boiler A' are put
50 pounds of granulated wood refuse (turner's shavings for instance) and then the
whole is closed with a cover D.
By heating the petroleum refuse in the outside boiler A gases are produced,
which through the perforated bottom of the inside boiler, pass into the wood
refuse. The wood shavings thus permented by the petroleum gases are then put
into a boiler near by in which there is sixty pounds of boiling resin, and the mass
is then stirred, the following ingredients being added in the following order; ten
pounds of lignite or brown coal dust ten pounds of coal dust or smalls, five pounds
of turpentine, 0-90 pounds of nitrate of potash, 12 pounds of pulverized fir-cones,
fifteen pounds of cork refuse and five pounds of pulverized potato tops (or chopped
up straw or the like).
After stirring this mass for about twenty minutes, it becomes a tough dark
brown pulp which is then made in the form of tablets (see Figures 2 and 3) one
side of which is nearly cut through in places in order to afford facility for breaking
them up into smaller tablets or pieces. After drying for half an hour these tablets
are ready for use.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed We declare that what
we claim is :-
First: The mixing of the aforesaid materials in or about the proportions
stated for the purpose of producing a firelighting compound and especially the
impregnation of the woody ingredients with petroleum vapors substantially as
set forth.
Second-The apparatus for the impregnation process consisting essentially of
a boiler A for containing petroleum refuse and provided with furnace B below it
and having an inner boiler A¹ suspended therein for containing the woody refuse
to be impregnated substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
Third The firelighter composed and made substantially as described.
Dated this Second day of October 1884.
BREWER & JENSEN,
Agents for the Applicants.