Improvements connected with Lamps and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left. 13th May. 1897-Accepted. 19th June. 1897
Improvements connected with Lamps and the like.
FREDERICK DAINTREE, Thwaite, Richmond, Yorkshire, Professor of Music
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A solid wick, to be used with paraffin oil, producing an improved uncovered
light, for use as a candle, and as a substitute for cotton wicks in all kinds of
paraffin lamps, and other oil lamps.
"of white wood,
"The solid wick" is made from what is known as the "sap
red wood, or other woods suitable for the purpose.
The wick is made-1st solid throughout or, 2nd bored or hollowed from the
top for a portion of its length outside the vessel, or, 3rd split into two or more
sections from the top for a portion of its length, or 4th in two or more separate
lengths & bound together, with a plug or stopper inserted into that portion which
is to be inside the vessel.
The wick is covered or surrounded at the top by a "regulator of hollow
bamboo cane or other suitable wood, or of china, or other substance adapted for
the purpose.
The regulator is of such dimensions as to be easily moved round, and up & down
the wick, and extends so far downwards as to leave a sufficient portion of the split
wick, or, the horizontal opening in the bored wick, uncovered, for the admittance
of air. The adjustment of the regulator to its correct position produces the
"focus light."
The regulator may also be made capable of expansion & contraction for more
readily obtaining the "focus."
The regulator is so shaped at the top as to direct & control the current of air
from the outside to the flame & so to produce either a candle flame or spread flame,
or other varieties.
The lower portion of the wick outside the vessel, & also, if desirable, partly
inside, is enclosed in a perforated shield of metal, or other substance, furnished
on the outside, when necessary, with a screw to fit the top of the vessel.
By the use of the "solid wick " & "focus light" the following advantages are
obtained.
1st. Perfect Safety.-(a) Because the flame is removed by the length of wick
to such a distance from the vessel & oil as to ensure their perfect coolness at all
times, thus avoiding all risk of explosion from over-heating.
(b) Because the solid or plugged wick, with or without the shield & screw,
completely fills the mouth of the vessel, and prevents any communication between
the flame & the interior of the vessel, thus removing all danger of explosion from
this cause.
(c) Because the vessel being made perfectly oil-tight by the solid wick, there
can he no escape or spilling of the oil.
(d) Because by the abandonment of the cotton wick & screw, and the substitution
of the solid wick, the risk of turning the burning cotton too low is avoided.
2nd. Extended Application.-Because; by the use of the solid wick, & the
consequent advantage of a perfectly cool vessel, many lamps and lanterns, now used.
with other oils, or with candles, can be safely lighted with parafin.
As a night-light, nursery, or sick-room light, the solid wick, with its facilities

page_text: for a large or small flame-its perfect security-& freedom from smell, is specially
adapted.
3rd. "Increased & Improved Light."-Because the combustion of oil in the solid
wick & focus light is more perfect than in ordinary lamps, from the greater surface
of wick exposed to the flame; for in addition to the top, and the adjacent part
outside uncovered by the regulator, the interior also is in combustion; the
combination of these, in connection with the passage of air through the wick
produces the pure and brilliant focus light.
4th. "Greater Economy."-Because the consumption of oil is less in proportion
to the light produced, than in ordinary lamps, and the wick much more lasting than
cottons; there is no waste, as with candles, and glass or other chimneys are not
essential.
5th. Greater Cleanliness.-Because there is no dropping or guttering of grease,
as with candles, and the vessel being oil-tight, remains clean.
6th. Freedom from Smell.-Because the combustion in the solid wick and
focus light is complete there is no escape of unconsumed gas, whether the flame be
at full power or diminished.
7th. Simplicity. Because the solid wick and focus light, has but few component
parts, is lighted and extinguished easily and quickly, and can be fitted into any
lamp at once.
8th. Saving of Trouble.-Because the solid wick and focus light requires less
frequent renewal of oil and but little trimming or cleaning.
Dated this 11th day of Jul 1906
FREDERICK DAINTREE.
FREDERICK DAINTREE Thwaite Richmond Yorkshire do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
A solid wick burning with parrafin oil, producing an improved uncovered light
for use in place of candles and as I substitute for cotton wicks in all description of
paraffin lamps & other lamps.
The solid wick is made from what is known as the "sap" of white wood, red
wood, and others kinds of wood suitable for the purpose.
It is made
1. Solid throughout or
2. Bored or hollowed or
3. Split into one or more.
4. In two or more separate lengths and bound together with a plug or stopper
inserted into that portion which is to be inside the vessel.
The wick is covered or surrounded at the top by a regulator of hollow bamboo
cane or other suitable wood, or of china or other substance adapted for the
purpose.
The regulator is of such dimensions as to be easily moved round and up & down
and extends so far downward as to leave a sufficient portion of the split wick or
the horizontal opening in the bored wick uncovered for the admittance of air.
The adjustment of the regulator to its correct position produces the "focus
light."
The regulator may also be made capable of expansion and contraction for more
readily obtaining the focus.

page_text: The regulator is so shaped at the top as to direct and control the currents of
air from the outside to the flame and so to produce either a candle flame or a spread
flame and other varieties.
The lower portion of the wick outside the vessel, and also, if desireable partly
inside is enclosed in a perforated shield of metal or other substance furnished on
the outside when necessary with a screw to fit the top of the vessel.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I will now refer to the
annexed drawings in which :-
Figure 1. is a sectional side elevation of my invention.
Figure 2 elevation of a modified form of my invention.
Fig. 3. elevation of a further modification form of my invention.
Fig. 4. vertical section of a further modification of my invention.
a is a wick which is made from what is known as the sap of white wood, red
wood and other kinds of wood or the like suitable for the purpose.
This wick is carried in a tube or socket b which is secured in the reservoir c by
means of the screw threaded cap d e are perforations for the admission of air
to the wick which is split or cut into sections as shown; the oil in the reservoir f
passes up the wick a & may be lighted at the point g. h is a regulator which is
adjustably carried upon the wick a. Referring to Figure 2 in this case the
regulator is continued down the wick as shown being provided with a screw thread
so that it may be adjusted in the screw cap d and is provided with perforations
at i as shown.
In Figure 3 the collar or loose sleevej is perforated at k the wick being centrally
bored and having the transverse apertures so that by operating the collar or sleeve
the supply of air to the wick may be regulated. Referring to Figure 4 in this
case the wick is centrally bored, m being a central tube for purposes of air supply
to the wick as shown by the arrows.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combined construction and arrangement of the various parts, substantially
as described and illustrated herein.
2. In lamps of the class herein described, a wick formed from the sap of white
wood, red wood or other material suitable for the purpose, said wick being split
cut or slotted at a desired amount of its length; a screwed perforated tube or cap
engaging in an oil reservoir and in which the wick is carried a regulator or shield
carried upon said wick or otherwise adjustably attached to the lamp, for the purpose
of regulating the light.
3. In lamps of the class herein described a wick having a longitudinal aperture,
intersected by one or more transverse apertures; a collar or sleeve having an
aperture or apertures and surrounding said wick, so that by operating said collar
or sleeve, the supply of air to the interior of the wick will be regulated, with or
without a draught tube passing through the reservoir said draught tube engaging
in the longitudinal aperture in the wick aforesaid for the purpose of creating
a central draught through the wick.
Dated this 12th dem SV. 1907
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.