Improvements in Locks for Doors and other purposes
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 7th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1888
I EDWIN ELFORD DEACON of 24 York Road, Kings Cross N. in the Parish of
Islington, Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be- as
follows:-
وو
This Invention relates to further Improvements in respect to my Application for
Letters Patent, dated 23rd February 1885 and numbered 2731 for "Improvements in
Locks for Doors and other purposes as also to that applied for and granted unto
me dated 14th July 1885 and numbered 8517 for "Improvements in Locks or Latches
and in keys therefor."
Wherein my main object and in this my present Improvements is to give or
provide for further security to Locks, Catches or Latches acting in manner and for
the purposes described and illustrated therein and to effectually prevent their being
unduly tampered with or "picked."
Whereas in the first instance I now propose to adopt in relation to the internal
Mechanisın or arrangement previously described and referred to as an amended Improve-
ment thereto, for the ordinary style of Locks as also for Chest or Cabin and other class
of Locks, although somewhat similar in manner to the class intended for "Sliding
Doors" or other Locks, but the modification intended and wished for apart there-
from is in this instance suited to the class known as "Rim Locks" "Night Latches"
or for ordinary hanging doors or other class of Locks, and thereby dispensing with
the centre-plate and allowing the body of the Lock to be screwed right on to the
Door. Locks so formed for "rim" or other purposes are self contained, and as before
applied for by me, and in combination therewith and in manner as hereafter described
in addition thereto by means of a case or cover plate which may be adopted or
used in some cases, although in others may be dispensed with; but the Lock itself
to which the plate is affixed or secured is screwed immediately on to the style of the
door and provision made in the ordinary manner for the Lift catch, and sliding
plate to be received therein and suitably covered or protected if required and the
key Barrel or tube to pass through the same toward the outer side of the Door.
Among the alterations main features or additions which I now propose to adopt by
this my present Invention is in relation to the special class of "Rim Locks
or

page_text: "Night Latches" (or other class of Locks) as now and before referred to, is with
reference to the Spring provided for the purpose of assisting and permitting the
Lever plate to be pushed inwards that is to say; from the outside and pulled from
the inside, and to cause or bring back the catch or latch clear of the box, so as to be
in position and ready for the door or otherwise to be opened. This Spring instead of
being disposed in manner previously described and referred to in my previous
Specifications and in the drawings accompanying the same I propose in this instance
to so modify and entirely reverse the same in position in the casing or box of the
Lock and to cause it to act differently upon the Lever plate, that is to say in the
present case, the spring, or springs may be suitably divided according to the number
of Catches Bolts or Latches provided or as may be deemed suitable to permit of the
Lever or Crank connections attached working freely there with for the desired action
of either aiding the pull or withdrawal inward or of the outer action of the Bolts,
Catches or Latches singly or otherwise.
The Crank Motion or Motions or other suitable Mechanical equivalents (as described
in my former Specifications as herein referred to) being almost similar in action and
for the object and purpose or purposes as in the present, whereby I so modify and
further adapt the same in combination as herein described for the "Rim Lock"
"Night Latch" or other class of Locks or Latches as the case may be.
The shank of the handle instead of being screwed into and upon the Lever Plate as
I have previously illustrated and described in my former Specifications-I cause it to
pass through and be coupled or connected either by means" a pin or similar means
and brought under the Lever to the number of Bolts, Latches or Catches intended to
be engaged or employed.
When the Key is not required to be used for Locking or otherwise, I may so
provide that the bow of the Key may be taken off and a Knob put on for ordinary
purposes or convenience so as to act as a catch and thus form a ready push and
pull Lock to be worked either from the inner and outer sides of the door or
otherwise as the case may be or the Knob may be removed and the bow of the
Key replaced in position for locking likewise.
To provide for further security being given to Locks, Catches, Latches &c. and to
render it further impossible for their being unduly tampered with or "picked." To
effect and secure this I propose to take and provide a plate of hardened steel or
other suitable metal of the desired and necessary proportion and thickness, and
suitably bolt or screw the same on to the body of the Lock or Catch and covering
the entire face of the same from the outside, as also to cover the Latch or Catch
singly or otherwise when in position, provision being made for the Tube into which
the barrel, stem or shank of the Key is permitted to pass there through and to
allow it to freely traverse in and out of the same.
In addition thereto I further propose to provide and suitably fit and attach a cover-
plate of hardened steel or other metal within the Box and on to the centre plate, to a
sufficient extent so as to surround a portion of the same and to thus protect any
possible chance of drilling through or down or otherwise affecting the tube or barrel
or that portion thereof around and wherein the Key is guided and permitted to
enter for the purpose required, and so prevent any undue or foul action or inter-
ference with the Bolt, Latch or Catch (or Catches as the case may be) in any way,
thereby thus creating for the purposes I seek an "Invincible" and "unpickable Lock.'
To avoid or prevent the Catch or Catches Latch or Latches taking into position
when not desired should the Door be accidentally or suddenly closed, especially in
the case of Sliding Doors and for Ships, Cabin use, where the rolling or pitching
of the Vessel may readily affect the same. I may provide either a small radial drop
clutch, eccentric or other simple means, so as to take at will or be fixed or engage
within the Collar of the Knob or handle of the Door and so prevent the action
of the catch or latch locking or fixing the door in case the Key may have been
withdrawn, left inside, or not to hand when required and so prevent the difficulty that
may attend the same.
Either in the case of Rim Locks, Night Latch or Catches, Sliding Doors or other

page_text: Locks whether arranged as single, duplicated, or otherwise where the person on
entering their Room or Chamber wishes to further provide and secure against any
possibility of "picking" or opened from without either by a duplicate key or
otherwise when once locked or closed, that by a simple contrivance of either a small
thumb and finger or Button attachment of either screw stud, Cam or slide plate
or plates in conjunction, therewith or other mechanical arrangement or connection
may be employed for the purpose so as to depress or otherwise restrain or grip,
and cause also prevent any possible chance of the Lock Catch or Catches being
thrown back, tampered with or disturbed when once closed or Locked.
These my further Improvements are particularly applicable and adaptable to those
of my previous Patents before referred to and in combination therewith as in the
present and to form part thereof as may be desired and likewise applicable to the
ordinary style of Locks by my plan, including in particular that class required for
Sea Service known as "Chest" or Cabin Locks, also for Rim Locks, Night Latch or
Catches, Padlocks and all other classes of Locks, wherein my method plan or methods
may be applicable, especially in the case of the "Push" and "Pull" arrangements
as herein previously described.
T
100円
FREDERIC H. ROBERTS, C.E.,
Agent for Edwin Elford Deacon.

page_text: I EDWIN ELFORD DEACON of 24 York Road Kings Cross, N., in the parish of
Islington, Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings:-
:-
This Invention relates to further Improvements in respect to my Application for
Letters Patent, respectively dated 23rd of February 1885 and numbered 2731, for
"Improvements in Locks for Doors and other purposes," as also to that applied for and
granted unto me dated 14th of July 1885, and numbered 8517, for "Improvements in
Locks or Latches and in Keys therefor."
Wherein my main object and likewise in this my present Improvements is to give
or provide for further security to Locks, Catches or Latches acting in manner and for
the purposes described and illustrated therein, and to effectually prevent their being
unduly tampered with or "picked."
«
Whereas in the first instance I now propose to adopt in relation to the internal
Mechanism or arrangement previously described and referred to and as a further
amended Improvement in relation therewith, for the ordinary style of Locks, as also
for Chest or Cabin and other class of Locks, although somewhat similar in manner
to the class intended for "Sliding-Doors" or other Locks, but the modification intended
and wished for apart therefrom is in this instance suited to the class known as Rim-
Locks," or "Night Latches," or for hanging doors or other classes of Locks, and
thereby dispensing with the centre plate, and allowing the body of the Lock to be
screwed onto the Door. Locks so formed for "rim," or other purposes are self
contained and as before applied for by me, and in combination therewith and in
manner as heroafter described in addition thereto by means of a case or cover plate,
which may be adopted or used in some cases, although in others may be dispensed
with but the Lock itself to which the plate is affixed or secured is or may be screwed
immediately onto the style of the door and provision made in the ordinary manner for
the Lift catch and sliding plate to be received therein and suitably covered or protected
if required. and the Key, Barrel or tube to pass through the same toward the outer
side of the Door.
Among and with the alterations, main features or additions which I now further in
addition propose to adopt by this my further present Invention is in relation to among
others, the special class of "Rim Locks" or Night Latches (or other class of Locks)
as now and before referred to, is with reference to the Spring provided for the purpose
of assisting and permitting the Lever plate to be pushed inwards, that is to say from
the outside and pulled from the inside, and to cause or bring back the catch or Latch
clear of the box, so as to be in position and ready for the door or otherwise to be
opened. The necessary spring or springs instead of being disposed in manner similar
to that previously described and referred to in my previous Specifications as aforesaid,
and in the drawings accompanying the same, which I add to and include in this my

page_text: Present. I propose in this instance to further so modify and reverse the same in
Position in the casing or box of the Lock, and to cause it to act differently upon the
Lever plate, that is to say in the present case the spring or springs, may be suitably
divided according to the number of Catches, Bolts or Latches provided or as may be
deemed suitable to permit of the Lever or Crank connections attached working freely
therewith, for the desired action of either aiding the "pull" or "withdrawal " inward
or of the outer action of the Bolts, Catches or Latches singly or otherwise.
The Crank motion or motions or other suitable mechanical equivalents (as described
in my former Specifications herein referred to) being almost similar in action and for
the object and purpose or purposes as in the present, whereby I so modify and further
adapt the same in combination as herein described for the "Rim Lock" Night Latch
or other classes of Locks or Latches as the case may be.
The shank of the handle instead of being screwed into and upon the Lever plate as
I have previously illustrated and described in my former Specifications, I cause it to
pass through and be coupled or connected either by means of a pin or similar means
and brought under the Lever to the number of Bolts, Latches or Catches intended to
be engaged or employed.
When the Key is not required to be used for locking or otherwise, I may so
provide that the bow of my improved form or shape of Key may be taken off and a
knob put on for ordinary purposes or convenience, so as to act as a catch, and thus
form a ready "push" and "pull" Lock to be worked either from the inner and outer
sides of the door or otherwise, as the case may be, or the knob may be removed and
the bow of the key replaced in position for locking likewise.
To provide for further security being given to Locks, Catches, Latches (and other
supposed secure actions) and to render it impossible for their being unduly tampered
with or "picked," to effect and secure this I propose to take and provide a plate of
hardened steel or other suitable metal of the desired and necessary proportion and
thickness, and suitably bolt or screw the same on to the body of the Lock or Catch,
and covering the entire face of the same from the outside, as also to cover the Latch
or Catch singly or otherwise when in position, provision being made for the Tube into
which the barrel, stem or shank of the key is permitted to pass therethrough and to
allow it to freely traverse in and out of the same.
In addition thereto I further propose to provide and suitably fit and attach a cover-
plate of hardened steel or other metal within the Box and onto the centre plate, to a
sufficient extent so as to surround a portion of the same and to thus protect any possible
chance of drilling through or down or otherwise affecting the tube or barrel or that
portion thereof around and wherein the key is guided and permitted to enter for the
purpose required, and so prevent any undue or foul action or interference with the
Bolt, Latch or Catch (or Catches as the case may be) in any way either for special or
ordinary locks of any description such as ships' sliding door locks, Rim locks, night
Latches, Chest or other Locks, thereby thus creating for the purposes I seek an
"Invincible and unpickable Lock."
To avoid or prevent the Catch or Catches, Latch or Latches taking into position
when not desired, should the Door be accidentally or suddenly closed, especially in
the case of sliding Doors and for Ships, Cabin use, where the rolling or pitching of
the vessel may readily affect the same. I may provide either a small radial drop
clutch, eccentric or other simple means, so as to take at will or be fixed or engago
within the collar of the knob or handle of the Door and so prevent the action of the
catch or latch locking or fixing the door in case the key may have been withdrawn
left inside or not to hand when required and so prevent the difficulty that may attend
the same.
Either in the case of Rim Locks, Night Latch or Catches, Sliding Doors or other
Locks whether arranged as single duplicated or otherwise, where the person on entering
their Room or Chamber wishes to further provide and secure against any possibility of
picking" or being opened from without either by a duplicate key or otherwise when
once locked or closed, that by a simple contrivance of either a small thumb and finger
or Button attachment of either screw, stud, cam or slide plate or plates in conjunction
"

page_text: therewith or other mechanical arrangement or connection may be employed for the
purpose so as to depress or otherwise restrain or grip, and cause also prevent any
possible chance of the Lock, Catch or Catches being thrown back, tampered with or
disturbed when once closed or locked.
Those my further Improvements are particularly applicable and adaptable to those
of my previous Patents before referred to and in combination therewith as in the
present and to form part thereof as may be desired and likewise applicable to the
ordinary style of Locks by my plan, including in particular that class required for sea
service known as Chest or Cabin Locks also for Rim Locks, Night Latches or Catches,
Padlocks and all other classes of Locks, wherein my method or method or plan may
be applicable especially in the case of the "Push" and "Pull" arrangements as
hercin and previously described.
With reference to the particular form of key I wish to employ, is that, as previously
described and referred to in my former applications for Letters Patent and likewise in
respect to the tube for its entry. The key employed having a projecting end provided
as may be wished, with one or more slots which may likewise be varied, and the
barrel so adapted to receive the pin or stud or pins or studs which project inwardly, so
that it renders it impossible to insert an ordinary key to perform the various functions
in the unlocking of the lock unless the shank stem or barrel of such key is provided
with a slot or slots which bear in an exact relative position to the projecting portion
thereof and to the slot for the passage of such projecting portion and also to the pin
or stud or a series of them therein. The slot, or slots, extends for a certain distance
along the shank, stem or barrel of the key to allow it to be forwarded inwards, prior
to being turned, and to permit the latter movement such slot is continued at right
angles or partially around the circumference of such shank and then longitudinally
again so that the various movements of such a key as described may be effected to
permit of its being first pushed in then turned partially around and finally further
pushed so as to act upon the bolt, latch or sliding portion of the lock in manner
desired through the medium of the centre plate which may or may not have one or
more pins or projections corresponding to which the projecting portion of the key
must be provided with a slot or slots to allow the same to be turned in the unfastening
of the bolt, catch, latch or sliding portion of the lock.
In this my present Invention as Improvements in and in combination with those
described in my former Specifications I have in the accompany Drawings illustrated
and referred principally thereto in the description to such parts as are further and
combined Improvements therein.
In Sheet 1, Figure 1 is a plan or front view partly in section (the case or cover
plate being removed) of my arrangement of Lock or Latch as applied to an ordinary
hinged door.
Figure 2, is a longitudinal or cross section taken on the line A. B. of Figure 1.
Figure 3, is a plan or front view of the lock inside the door.
In which the following letters refer to like or corresponding parts, A is the body
or carcase of the Lock. B is a centre plate secured to such body or case by means of
screws, C is an opening shewn by the dotted lines for the barrel of the key to pass
down or through. D, represents a Lever or Levers pivotted at D¹, these Levers D
are connected and hinged to the spindle or shank E, passing through a slot or hole in
the body of the case A and screwed into and working with the knob F to unfasten
the door from the inside.
The said Levers D have projecting parts or portions which are acted upon by the
end of the key when forced inwards. The lever D when forced inwards communicates
motion to bell cranks G, G, connected by a link H to the sliding Bolt or Catches J,
which take or are released from the fixed catch K. M, is a spring whereby the
operation or action of the Lever D and Bell crank G, are controlled when not acted
upon by the key causing the sliding Bolts or Catches to return into position.
Figure 3 is a plan of Figure 2 wherein I shew and provide a small movable stop-
catch N to aid in further securing the door at night and keeping the bolts or catches
back when required.

page_text: Figure 4, (Sheet 2) is a longitudinal section of a Lock or Latch adapted for use in
connection with Sliding Doors. Figure 5, is a sectional plan of same shewing the
disposition of the working parts of the lock.
Figure 6 an clevation or plan view of Figures 4 and 5, in which A¹ represents
the body or carcase of the Lock containing the working parts. B₁ is a centre plate
secured to such body by means of screws, having a hole or opening of the necessary
configuration to permit of the passage therethrough of the projecting end C of the
key D', which has a hollow barrel adapted to pass over the centre pin C. E' represents
the catch or bolt pivotted at E" to the centre plate B into contact with which it is
forced or kept by the spring F¹. The catch or bolt has a wedged shaped head E¹,
which is adapted to engage with the fixed or stationary hook or catch G¹. H¹ is a
spring catch or tumbler pivotted at H", and adapted to engage with the sliding
guard J, against which guard it is pressed by the spring K₁; a pin is screwed or
otherwise secured in the centre plate to prevent the turning of the key to act upon the
guard unless such key is provided in the proper position with a notch or slot to allow
it to pass over such pin, M is a plate of hardened steel to provent any possible
chance of the lock being drilled or otherwise tampered with in manner previously
described.
It will be understood that any number of bolts latches or sliding portions may be
combined with the centre plate and adapted to be operated upon by the projecting
portion of the key forced therethrough so that they will be actuated simultaneously
so as to enter different recesses or sockets arranged at any desired angle relatively to
each other. By varying the diameter of such pin in different locks and also that of
the interior or bore of the Barrel of the key I am enabled to provide a further element
of safety to prevent the lock being unfastened.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
In relation to Improvements in Locks Catches or Latches either for Special or
ordinary purposes likewise applicable for the class of Locks known as the Rim Lock
or Night Latch or Latches and to effectually provide for and prevent their being
unduly tampered with, substantially as herein described and illustrated being further
additional Improvements and combinations to Patents granted unto me in 1885 and
numbered respectively 2731 and 8517.