Improvements in and relating to Photographic Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 14th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by Dr. RUDOLF KRÜGENER, of Bockenheim, near
Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany.]
Improvements in and relating to Photographic Apparatus.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to photographic apparatus and comprises devices for
exposing, measuring off, winding up, numbering and cutting off sensitive celluloid
film which is wound upon a roller.
The film is conveyed from the receiving roller upon which it is wound between
a glass plate and a wooden plate. By the latter plate which is under the action
of springs, a certain tension is given to the film before it passes upon the winding-
up roller, and a ratchet mechanism prevents the winding-up roller from turning
backwards, thus ensuring on the one hand a firm and sure winding up and on the
other hand an absolutely plane film in the focus. In lieu of the plane glass plate
use can be made of one which is a little curved and against which bears a small
wooden plate that is curved in like manner. This arrangement has for its object
to obtain a greater distinctness at the edges of the picture."
The above mentioned winding-up roller which takes up the exposed part of the
film regulates the length-of-film-necessary for an exposure, inasmuch as the
periphery of the same corresponds to one or to two such lengths. For example
when the said roller makes half a revolution the exact length for an exposure,
wound up and unwound from the receiving roller. As the film is only one-tenth of
a millimetre thick, and as the winding-up roller has a great circumference the latter
is only slightly increased by the further winding up of the film, the difference in
the length of the first and last being only six millimetres, which considering the
simplicity of the measuring off operation can be disregarded. In order to auto-
matically regulate cach half revolution, with the winding-up roller is firmly
connected a disc which carries a projecting tooth. This tooth is stopped after each
half revolution of the winding-up roller, one time by a slat on the left hand side
and the other time by a slat on the right hand side. The two slats are connected
with each other by a spring but they are held apart at a definite distance by means
of a slide. They are provided with notches with which the aforesaid tooth on the
disc engages alternately and stops the winding-up roller.
On pressing the slat which has stopped the tooth on the disc to one side by
means of the above mentioned slide the said tooth is liberated and the other slat
will bear against the disc. Now the roller can be turned again until the tooth
engages with the notch in the other slat, preventing the further movement.
In case the winding-up roller is to be stopped after each complete revolution,
instead of after each half revolution as already described, the spring and the slide
hereinbefore referred to may be replaced by a bar connecting the two slats, and
neither of the two slats is provided with a notch. The stopping is effected by the
tooth on the said disc bearing upon the upper surface of one or the other of the
slats. When the tooth is liberated after a stoppage by the displacement of

page_text: the connected slats, and the winding-up roller is then turned, the tooth on reaching
the other slat must force the latter to one side thereby causing a bar to pull the
opposite slat against the disc so that the tooth after a complete revolution, will
again be stopped by the upper surface of the first slat.
The disc provided with the above mentioned tooth has also for its object to cause
in each of its revolutions an escapement wheel to turn one tooth, but this must
take place only when the disc turns in a certain direction for instance to the right.
As soon as the disc is turned to the left hand side the escapement wheel must not
be acted upon. For this purpose I arrange beside the aforesaid disc a slat provided
with a slot which is designed to enable the said slat to be displaced and turned a
little. On the latter is a nose or projection which on one side forms a sharp angle
with the slat. When the tooth in the turning movement of the disc strikes against
the one side of the nose or projection the slat (forced by a spring against a stop) is
displaced in a straight line, thereby causing the escapement wheel to turn one tooth,
whereupon the slat when the above mentioned tooth on the disc leaves the nose or
projection, is pulled back to the original position by another spring. When how-
ever the tooth on the disc strikes from the other side against the nose or projection
(when the roller is unwound) the aforesaid slat is only raised and the escapement
wheel is not acted
In order to enable.
the several exposures to be separated from each other for
developing in a simple manner a metallic bar in which is formed a slot serving as a
guide for a knife is provided close to the point where the picture is bounded and
where in the case of other roller devices the marking is effected. To unwind the
exposures from the roller the film is first cut by means of a pocket knife guided in
the groove, then the slide herinbefore referred to is moved to one side the ratchet
mechanism of the winding-up roller is lifted with the right hand and the film is
pulled with the left hand until the roller is stopped. Exactly an exposure has now
been unwound, and this is cut off along the said metallic bar. The above mentioned
slide is next pushed to the other side, film is again unwound until the winding up
roller is stopped, and thus all the exposures are separated from each other with the
greatest certainty, as the winding-up roller is invariably stopped in the same place.
No inconvenience results from the fact that the pieces of film wound up last are a
little longer.
Dated this 12th day of June 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Photographic Apparatus.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
This invention relates to photographic apparatus and comprises devices for
measuring off, winding up, numbering and cutting off sensitive celluloid film which
is wound upon a roller.
In the accompanying drawing, the figures of which are hereinafter referred to,
I have shown how my said invention may be carried into practice.
The film is conveyed from the receiving roller a upon which it is wound between
a glass plate and a wooden plate c. By the latter plate, which is under the action
of springs, a certain tension is given to the film before it passes upon the winding-up
roller d and a ratchet mechanism e prevents the winding-up roller d from turning
backwards, thus ensuring on the one hand a firm and sure winding-up and on the
other hand an absolutely plane. film in the focus. In lieu of the plane glass plate,

page_text: use can be made of one which is a little curved and against which bears a small
wooden plate that is curved in like manner. This arrangement has for its object to
obtain a greater distinctness at the edges of the picture.
The above-mentioned winding-up roller d which takes up the exposed part of
the film regulates the length of film necessary for an exposure, inasmuch as the
periphery of the same corresponds to one or to two such lengths. For example
when the said roller & makes half a revolution the exact length for an exposure is
wound up and unwound from the receiving roller a. As the film is only one-tenth
of a millimetre thick, and as the winding-up roller d has a great circumference the
latter is only slightly increased by the further winding up of the film, the difference
in the length of the first and last being only six millimetres, which considering the
simplicity of the measuring off operation can be disregarded.
In order to automatically regulate each half revolution, with the winding-up
roller d is firmly connected a discf which carries a projecting tooth 9-
This tooth
is stopped after each half revolution of the winding-up roller d one time by a slat h
on the left hand side and the other time by a slat on the right hand side. The
two slats are connected with each other by a spring but they are held apart at a
definite distance by means of a slide k. They are provided with notches with which
the aforesaid tooth on the disc engages alternately and stops the winding-up roller d.
On pressing the slat which has stopped the tooth on the dise to one side by
means of the above-mentioned slide the said tooth is liberated and the other slat
will bear against the disc f. Now the roller d can be turned again until the tooth y
engages with the notch in the other slat, preventing the further movement.
The
In case the winding-up roller d is to be stopped after each complete revolution,
instead of after each half revolution as already described, the spring and the
slide hereinbefore referred to may be replaced by a bar (Figure 3) connecting
the two slats and h, and neither of the two slats is provided with a notch.
stopping is effected by the tooth g on the said disc f bearing upon the upper surface
of one or the other of the slats or h. When the toothy is liberated after a stoppage.
by the displacement of the connected slats, and the winding-up roller is then turned,
the tooth on reaching the other slat must force the latter to one side thereby causing
a bar to pull the opposite slat against the d
disc, so that of the first slat.
the tooth after a
complete revolution will again be stopped by the upper
The dise provided with the above mentioned tooth y has also for its object to
cause in each of its revolutions an escapement-wheel to turn one tooth for the
purpose of numbering, but this must take place only when the disc f turns in a
certain direction, for instance to the right. As soon as the disc is turned to the
left hand side, the escapement wheel must not be acted upon.
For this purpose I
arrange beside the aforesaid disc f (Figure 1) a slat m provided with a slot n which
is designed to enable the said slat to be displaced and turned a little. On the
latter is a nose or projection p which on one side forms a sharp angle with the
slat m.
When the tooth g in the turning movement of the disc strikes against
the one side of the nose or projection p the slat (forced by a spring g against a
stop r) is displaced in a straight line, thereby causing the escapement wheels to
turn one tooth, whereupon the slat, when the above mentioned tooth y on the disc
leaves the nose or projection, is pulled back to the original position by another
spring t. When however the tooth on the disc strikes from the other side against
the nose or projection (when the roller d is unwound) the aforesaid slat m is only
raised and the escapement-wheel is not acted upon.
In order to enable the several exposures to be separated from each other for
developing in a simple manner a metallic bar u in which is formed a slot serving as
a guide for a knife is provided close to the point where the picture is bounded, and
where in the case of other roller devices the marking is effected. To unwind the
exposures from the roller d the film is first cut by means of a pocket knife guided
in the groove, then the slide k hereinbefore referred to is moved to one side, the
ratchet mechanism of the winding-up roller d is lifted with the right hand, and the
film is pulled with the left hand until the roller is stopped. Exactly an exposure

page_text: has now been unwound, and this is cut off along the said metallic bar. The above
mentioned slide k is next pushed to the other side, the film is again unwound until
the winding-up roller d is stopped, and thus all the exposures are separated from
each other with the greatest certainty, as the winding-up roller d is invariably
stopped in the same place. No inconvenience results from the fact that the pieces
of film wound up last are a little longer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent I declare that I am aware that in photographic apparatus
for the exposure of continuous sensitized films, measuring rollers, mechanism for
the automatic stopping or locking of the winding apparatus and indicating
nechanism for recording the number of exposures have been previously proposed,
and I make no claim in general to such apparatus, but what I claim is :-
First. The employment of a winding-up roller the periphery of which is such
that in one case it corresponds to the length or width of an exposure and in the
second case to the length or width of two exposures.
Second. A disc secured upon the axis of the winding-up roller and carrying a
projecting tooth which is stopped by an escapement after each half revolution of
the winding-up roller by the former, the escapement being alternately moved to and
fro by hand.
Third. A numbering device consisting of the slat m provided with a nose or
projection p, which seizes the latter by the tooth on the disc, coming from the
right hand side whereby thd slat m is displaced laterally and engages with the
escapement, wheel S, whilst the tooth coming from the left only lifts the slat m
without acting upon the escapement wheel.
Fourth. For separating the several exposures in the unwinding of the winding-up
roller a slat wherein a slit is cut lengthways which serves as a guide for a knife
and which slat is close below the film at the place where the picture has its
boundary line and in which, in the case of other roller devices, the mark is
placed.
Dated this eth day of Lawy 1801
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.