IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO SPRING OR CLOCK MOVEMENTS GENERALLY
Year: 1874

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE
TO SPRING OR CLOCK MOVEMENTS GENERALLY."-A communication from
abroad by Robert Hitchcock, Jolin Morton Sigourney, and William
Van Vranken Rosa, all of Watertown, County of Jefferson, State
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 12th December 1874, pursuant to the.
9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Mid-
dlesex Gentleman, send greeting.

page_text: Figure 7 is a plan of the lamp with the wick tube and jacket removed
and the ash receiver partly broken away.
A is the annular body of the lamp constituting the oil reservoir A².
In the central space A³ enclosed by the inner wall of the reservoir there
is secured the clock or spring movement B, Figure 2, by means of pro-
jections a on its bottom, which are screwed to lugs 6 on the inner walls
of the reservoir.
b
On the top of the lamp body A there is fitted the removable jacket C,
within which is fixed the annular wick tube D, the jacket being sur-
mounted by a removable slotted dome or deflector C¹ and the annular
wick tube being closed at its bottom c. Through the central space d
enclosed by this tube and through the annular space intervening
between the tube and the jacket pass the impelled currents of air which
are supplied to the flame from the fan or fly wheel e, which is driven by
the spring movement B. The wick in the wick tube is elevated and
lowered by wick operating devices actuated by a rotating shaft and
button E in the usual way. Below the wick tube and above the fan is
the drip cup and ash receiver g, the cup being supported by a tube f¹,
which returns into the reservoir A¹ the oil which drops back from the
wick tube into the cup f. Oil is supplied to the wick tube by means of
a double-acting pump F, Figure 5, the cylinder of which opens at each
end into a pipe h, the two pipes joining at h¹. Into the end h³ of one of
the pipes fits the open end of a pipe i, Figure 1, connected with and
leading from the wick tube. The piston within the pump cylinder is
connected with a vibratory rod j hung upon a pivot j³, and receiving its
motion from the spring or clock movement.
The pump mechanism is let down into the reservoir A' through an
opening which is covered by a top plate k, to which the pump is
attached.
The reservoir A' is filled through an opening closed by a plug or
stopper 1.
The spring or clock movement B is constructed and arranged in the
following manner :-The main spring G is contained in a barrel H pro-
vided with heads m, m². On the upper one m is permanently fixed the
main wheel I of the movement in the form of an internal spur wheel,
which constitutes part of the mainspring barrel.
The wheel produces

page_text: greater uniformity of action in the train for the reason that more teeth
of the wheel are in gear with the teeth or leaves of its pinion than is
the case with spur wheels of the opposite kind, and also for the reason
that the pinion moves in the same direction with the wheel instead of
in the reverse direction, as is the case in movements heretofore employed.
This description of spur wheel also renders practicable such a con-
struction of the movement as to bring within the circumference of the
cylinder the whole of the wheels of the train. The thickness of the
main spur wheel and consequently its strength may be increased without
changing the relations of the other parts, which cannot be effected with
the kind heretofore employed.
The cylindrical jacket J which encloses the mainspring barrel is pro-
vided with a permanent head n, upon which is mounted the train of
wheels of the movement, this head also serving as one of the bearings 12
of the mainspring arbor G¹. The jacket is a substitute for the ordinary :
pillars, is much stronger than pillars, and is also a protector against dust
and dirt.
The plate K, which is fitted to the lower end of the jacket and secured
to it by lugs and pins, serves as the mounting for the ratchet o, clicks
and click springs o¹, 0%, and as the other bearing of the mainspring
arbor. The mainspring arbor projects through the last-mentioned plate,
and in the operation of winding the mainspring barrel revolves freely in
its jacket. This plate is also dust and dirt protector.
Upon the upper end or head of the jacket is supported by means of
pillars a plate h, between which and the head is mounted the train of
wheels of the movement. Fitting the exterior of the jacket at its upper
end is a cap L, employed as a dust protector. The sleever on the side
of the cap is provided for the passage of the rocking shaft ¹ of the
pump rod j when a pump is used. By the means thus employed the
dust and dirt are as effectually excluded from the running parts of
the movement as is practicable, and oil also when the movement is
employed in lamps.
The train of wheels of the movement mounted between the head n
and plate his shewn in Figure 3. Wheel 2 is driven by pinion 1, which
projects down through the head so as to engage the internal spur wheel,
as seen in Figure 1, the lower journal of the pinion taking its bearing
in a bracket projecting laterally from the centre bearing. From wheel 2

page_text: movement is communicated to wheel 3 and its pinion, thence to wheel 4
and its pinion, and wheels 5 and 6 and their pinions, thence to crown
wheel 7, thence to vertical worm wheel 8, which drives worm shaft 9, on
the upper end of which when the movement is used for producing a
blast is mounted the fan e, by which the air is driven to the flame. The
upper end of the worm shaft 9 takes its bearing in a cross piece on a cap
or sleeve surrounding the fan.
The rocking shaft is actuated by means of pins on wheel 4, which
strike projecting arms 10, 11, on the shaft r¹ and cause it to rock or
vibrate. This vibratory movement is communicated to the rod j by a
radial arm fitting the squared upper end of the shaft, and having
its outer end forked so as to surround the upper part of the rod j, as
shewn in Figure 7.
It is unnecessary to state that one end of the mainspring is fast to the
barrel, whilst the other end is fast to the arbor.
The power of the movement when used in lamps may be increased
by widening the spring without an increase of the diameter of the main-
spring barrel and without loss of oil space in the lamp.
The movement has been described with special reference to its use in
lamps, but it may be employed for other purposes.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention is,-
First. The combination with the mainspring and mainspring barrel of
the train arranged above and within the compass of the prolongation of
the barrel and on vertical axes, substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The combination with the train and mainspring of the main-
spring barrel and internal toothed main wheel fixed to and forming part
of the head of the barrel, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The combination with the mainspring and mainspring barrel
and arbor of the jacket having two heads, the upper one supporting the
train and the lower one constituting the ratchet plate, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Fourth. The employment of a dust cap enclosing the train and
extending down to and so as to form a continuation of the jacket, sub-
stantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawings.
Fifth. The improved lamp, constructed, and arranged, and operating
substantially in the manner herein-before described and illustrated by
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Complete Specification set my hand and seal, the Eleventh
day of December One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four