An Improved Roof Tile.
Year: 1899

page_text: An Improved Roof Tile.
I, GEORGE VIGGARS, of 1, North Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire,
Wholesale Beer Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to roofing tiles, its main object being the formation of such
tiles in such a manner that the visible parts thereof, when in use in covering a
roof, will lie in the same plane so as to cause the roof to present a flat surface, as
distinguished from a ridged surface as when a roof is covered with ordinary tiles
overlapping each other in parallel planes in distance apart equal to the thickness
of the tiles.
To the end aforesaid, the improved tile is formed (speaking with reference to
its position when in use,) with its parts in three superposed planes, each of the
upper parts being set back in relation to the part next below it by the thickness
of the tile, so as, at each such change of plane, to form a rebate, namely, two
rebates on the face of the tile and two on the rear thereof, with a double thickness
of the tile material at such parts, the top surface of the bottom front rebate and the
under surface of the bottoni edge of the tile being chamfered off downwardly to a
like angle.
In such improved formation of tile, the top front rebate of each tile serves for
the bottom back rebate of the tiles next above it and breaking joint therewith to
rest on, and the top back rebate of each tile serves to rest on the roofing lath and
to directly support the tile, which is nailed to such lath.
The outer face of each tile is or may be also, at the mid-width of its top front
rebate, where the meeting edges of the adjacent two of the next upper row of tiles
would break joint therewith, channelled or recessed so as to direct any water
which may find its way between such two laterally adjacent tiles down the mid-
width of the under tile, to its front inclined edge, whence it escapes to its face and
flows away.
The improved tiles thus present, when in situ, a flat surface in the same plane,
offering no impediment or projection to the wind, and are both wind and rain
proof, and thus avoid the necessity of pointing the roof inside and any liability
of the wind and water getting under the same and stripping the roof or damaging
the under ceilings, and the tiles are, moreover, more easily fixed and better
supported than ordinary tiles are.
The improved tile may be made of clay or of glass or any other suitable material,
and may be moulded or formed in presses in an ordinary manner.
Dated this 8th day of March 1899.
DAY, DAVIES, & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: 432
I, GEORGE VIGGARS, of 1, North Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire,
Wholesale Beer Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to tiles, whether used for roof protective purposes, or for
sky-lights, or for side-lights, or for upright walls at gable ends for damp protec-
tive purposes or the like, its main object being the formation of such tiles in such
a manner that the visible parts thereof; when in use, will lie in the same plane,
so as to cause the roof or part covered to present a flat surface as distinguished
from a ridged surface as when the same is covered with ordinary tiles overlapping
each other in parallel planes in distance apart equal to the thickness of the tiles.
Such being the nature of the said invention, I will now proceed to describe more
in detail in what manner the same is to be performed, referring to the accom-
panying drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1, represents a side elevation, partly in section, of a series of the improved
tiles, in situ on a roof, clearly illustrating the characteristic feature of the inven-
tion; and
Fig. 2, represents a front elevation of Fig. 1.
To the end aforesaid, the improved tile is formed, (referring to its position when
in use) with parts thereof, a, b, c, in three planes, each of the upper parts b, c,
being set back in relation to the part, a, b, respectively next below it by the
thickness of the tile, so as, at each such change of plane, to form a rebate, namely,
two rebates, d, e, on the face of the tile and two, f, g, on the rear thereof, with
a double thickness of the tile material at such parts, the bottom front rebate, d,
and the bottom edge, h, of the tile being chamferred off to a corresponding
inclination.
In such improved formation of tile, the top front rebate, e, of each tile serves
for the bottom back rebate, f, of the tiles next above it and breaking joint there-
with to rest on, and the top back rebate, g, of each tile serves to rest on the roofing
lath or support, i, which may be made of wood, glass, steel, iron or of any other
suitable material, and whereby the tile is directly supported, the tile being nailed
or otherwise secured thereto in any usual manner, as at j.
The outer face of each tile is also, at the mid-width of its top front rebate, where
the meeting edges of the laterally adjacent two of the next upper row of tiles
would break joint therewith, channelled or recessed, at at k, so as to direct any
water which may find its way between such two laterally adjacent tiles down the
mid-width of the under tile, to its front inclined edge, whence it escapes to its face
down which it flows away.
The improved tiles thus present, when in situ, a flat surface in the same plane,
as indicated by the shade lines on the six tiles represented in Fig. 2, which
represent the visible part of the roof, (the unshaded part of each tile being covered
by other tiles of like formation in the completed roof,) and thus offer no impedi-
ment or projection to the wind and facilitate the flowing away of any rain or other
water and lessen the liability of the lodgement of any snow thereon, thus avoiding
the necessity of pointing the roof inside and any liability of the roof being stripped
by wind and of the under ceilings being damaged by water. The improved tiles
are, moreover, more easily fixed and more efficiently supported than are ordinary
tiles made throughout in the same plane.
The faces or visible parts of the improved tiles may be made of an hexagonal
or of any other usual shape than that represented in Fig. 2.

page_text: The improved tiles may be made of clay or of glass or any other suitable
material, and may be moulded or formed in presses in any ordinary manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
Tiles for roofing, lighting and protective purposes and the like, characterized
by being formed with parts thereof in different planes so arranged that the lower
parts thereof, of a number thereof in situ, which constitute the visible parts of the
roof, wall or part covered, all lie in the same plane and present an external flat
or unridged surface, and as that such parts of the adjacent rows of tiles are
respectively adapted to lie in rebated parts constituting the next upper part of the
next lower row of tiles, and as that such rebated parts of the series of tiles all lie
in the same plane and of the adjacent rows thereof are respectively adapted to lie
in further rebated parts constituting the next upper part of the next lower row
of tiles, and as that such further rebated parts of the series of tiles also all lie in
the same plane, and are adapted to rest on and to be supported by laths or other
usual means of support, as set forth.
Dated this 13th day of March 1899.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.