A MOVEMENT PRODUCING A RETROGRADE MOTION CAPABLE OF BEING APPLIED TO MANGLES AND CALENDERS
Year: 1799

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS'
BINNS, of Great Barlow Street, in the Parish of Saint Mary-le-bone, in the
County of Middlesex, Water Closet Maker, send greeting:
WHEREAS the King's most Excellent Majesty, by His Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the
Twentieth day of July, in the thirty-ninth year of His reign, did give and
grant unto me, the said Thomas Binns, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, His especial licence, that I, the said Thomas Binns, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, might make, use, exercise, and vend my Invention
of "A MOVEMENT PRODUCING A RETROGRADE MOTION CAPABLE OF BEING APPLIED TO
MANGLES AND CALENDERS;" within that part of His Majesty's Kingdoin of Great
Britain called, England, Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, for and during the term of years therein mentioned; in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that if I, the said Thomas Binns, did
not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in.
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent, all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby
granted should utterly cease, determine, and become void, any thing therein-
before contained to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding, as in and
by the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and
at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Binns, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Inven-
tion, in manner following, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of a machine or apparatus for working manglés,
chest calenders, and other pieces of mechanism; which machine or apparatus,
by a rotative motion, produces a forward and retrograde motion, and which
machine or apparatus is described in the following manner, according to
Figure 1 in the Plan, in the margin hereof.
No. 1 is a handle, which is fixed to a spindle that passes thro' the
cylinder, on which the rope and chain rollers are fixed; No. 2 is the
spindle, and is described on the face of the cylinder by dotted lines, on which
spindle is fixed a pinion and fly wheel; No. 3 is the pinion; No. 4 is the
fly wheel; No. 5 is the spur wheel which communicates with the said
pinion No. 3; No. 6, is a crank, which is fixed to the said spur wheel No. 5;
No. 7 is a communicating rod fixed at the lower end to the said crank No. 6,
and at the upper end, with chains, fixed to the cylinder; Nos. 8, 8, 8, are
three chains, one of which is fixed at the bottom, and the other two at the
top of the said communicating rod No. 7, and all three fixed to the chain
roller; No. 9 is a hollow cylinder, on which are fixed the chain roller of a
small diameter, and the rope roller, of a larger diameter. No. 10 is the
chain roller of the lesser diameter, to which are fixed the chains Nos. 8, 8, 8;
No. 11 is the rope roller, to which a rope or chain is fixed, that communicates
with the chest of the mangle or calender or other thing to be moved forward
and backward; No. 12 is the rope or chain fixed to the said rope. roller
No. 11, and the chest of the mangle or calender or other thing to be moved
backward and forward; No. 13 is the chest of the mangle or calender to
which the said rope No. 12 is fixed at each end; No. 14 is the screw which
fastens the rope or chain at each end of the mangle or calender, and which
rope or chain can, by means of the said screw, be made tight or slack at
pleasure; Nos. 15, 15, is the frame work in which the whole machine or
apparatus is fixed, when screwed or attached to a frame of a mangle calender
or other piece of mechanism; No. 16 is the frame of the mangle calender or
other piece of mechanism. As the chest of a mangle .or calender is required
to be taken up or raised at each end for the purpose of putting in and taking
out the linen or other thing to be mangled or calendered, this operation is
performed by a catch on the chest of the mangle or calender and-a pin on the
face of the rope roller. No. 17, is the. catch, on a hinge which, when not
wanted, lies down on the chest, and which catch is to be raised up when the
liuen roll is to be removed; No. 18 is the pin, fixed on the face of the rope

page_text: roller, and which in making its revolutions, engages itself with the .catch
when the catch is so raised up, and thereby lifts up the end of the chest of the
mangle or calender, and when it has answered that purpose, by continuing the
rotative motion of the spindle the same way, the catch thereby becomes
disengaged, and when it is put back, the chest of the mangle or calender will
pass forwards and backwards untill it has again raised by the lifting up the
catch, as above described. The way to produce a forward and retrograde
motion with this machine or apparatus is, by turning the handle No. 1 (which
is fixed on the spindle No. 2) rotatively, which gives motion to the spur wheel
No. 5 by the pinion No. 3, which spur wheel, communicating with the crank
No. 6, thereby gives motion to the communicating rod No. 7, on which the
chains Nos. 8, 8, 8, are fixed. These chains are fixed to go different ways on
the chain roller, so that as one of them is wound on the chain roller by the
communicating rod, the other two are wound off, and, on the contrary, when
the two are wound on the chain roller, the other one is wound off; which
chains being so moved by the communicating rod and crank, cause the
cylinder to make revolutions forward and retrograde successively, each of
which revolutions are made at each extreme of the revolution of the crank,
and the cylinder being so made to perform forward and retrograde revolutions
the chest of the mangle or calender or other thing being fixed to the rope
roller with the rope or chain, is thereby moved forward and backwards. The
same forward and retrograde motion is also performed by Figure 2, also
described in the said Plan in the margin, which differs from Figure 1 only 'in
performing with a sector and pinion instead of a communicating rod, chains,
and chain roller, which difference is particularly shewn in Figure 2, and is
herein-after described, that is to say :-
No. 19 is the sector with a slit or grove down the center of it, which
sector is fastened at the bottom to the framework of the machine, and works
in the pinion at the end of the cylinder by means of the crank; No. 20 is the
pinion, fixed on the cylinder in Figure 2, in the same place where the chain
roller is fixed in Figure 1, and is instead of that chain' roller; No. 21 is the
axis or center, on which the sector works. The way to produce a forward and
retrograde motion with the last mentioned machine, Figure 2, is by turning
the handle (which is fixed on the spindle) rotatively, which gives motion to the
spur wheel by the pinion, on the spindle which spur wheel communicating
with the crank, gives a forward and backward motion to the sector, which
motion of the sector, communicating with the pinion fixed to the cylinder,
causes the cylinder to perform forward and retrograde revolutions; and the
rope roller on the cylinder, being fixed to the chest of the mangle or calender

page_text: by the rope. or chain, by those revolutions causes the chest of the mangle,
calender, or other thing, to move forward and backwards.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Binns, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighth day of August, in the thirty-ninth year of the
reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of God, of 5
Great Britain, France, and. Ireland King,, Defender of the Faith, and so
forth, and in the year of, our, Lord. One thousand seven hundred and