Improvements in Lubricating the Working Parts of Steam and other Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Mar., 1893-Accepted, 10th June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lubricating the Working Parts of Steam and
other Engines.
I, ALBERT CHARLES PAIN, of No. 18 Noel Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of improvements in an invention for which Letters Patent
were granted to me dated the 13th day of May 1890 No. 7397.
The essence of the said patented invention consists in lubricating the working
parts of steam or other engines by oil or other lubricant under pressure; and in the
Complete Specification of the said Patent I have described and represented the
application of the said patented invention to the lubrication of the principal
bearings of an ordinary horizontal single crank steam engine. In the drawing and
description of the said Complete Specification the crank of the engine is represented
and described as drilled to form passages from the said crank to its bearings and to
the crosshead to which a reciprocating rectilinear motion is given by the crank.
My present invention consists of the alternative methods hereinafter described
whereby the lubrication under pressure is effected without the drilling of the
crank.
According to one of the said alternative methods constituting my present
invention attach to the crosshead actuated by the crank, a short hollow hori-
zontal arm connected to or in one piece with a vertical pipe the lower end of which
constitutes the piston of the oil pump connected with the oil tank or reservoir. By
the reciprocating motion of the crosshead the piston of the pump has a reciprocating
motion communicated to it and the oil drawn into the barrel of the pump by the
ascending motion of the piston is forced by its descending motion through the
hollow piston rod and hollow horizontal arm to the crosshead pin and from the said
pin to the bearing of the crosshead and the lubrication of the said crosshead is
thereby effected under pressure.
According to another of the alternative methods constituting my invention, I
employ arrangements similar to those of the method last described excepting that
the hollow vertical rod carried by the crosshead does not constitute the hollow
piston rod of a pump but slides in a stuffing box on the top of another pipe or tube,
thus constituting a telescopic pipe or tube virtually lengthening and shortening
with the ascent and descent of the crosshead. The said telescopic tube is connected
with a pump by which oil under pressure is forced through it to the crosshead pin.
According to a third alternative arrangement I supply oil under pressure to the
crank pins and eccentrics by means of telescopic pipes of the kind described.
Although I have only described my invention in its application to the lubricating
of the principal bearings of an ordinary single crank steam engine yet 1 wish it to
be understood that my invention is applicable to the lubrication, under pressure,
of the bearings and working parts generally of steam engines of other kinds and
engines generally.
T
2000
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lubricating the Working Parts of Steam and
other Engines.
ALBERT CHARLES PAIN, of No. 18 Noel Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham
in the County of Warwick, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of improvements in an invention for which Letters Patent
were granted to me dated the 13th day of May 1890 No. 7397.
The essence of the said patented invention consists in lubricating the working
parts of steam or other engines by oil or other lubricant under pressure; and in
the Complete Specification of the said Patent I have described and represented
the application of the said patented invention to the lubrication of the principal
bearings of an ordinary horizontal single crank steam engine. In the drawing and
description of the said Complete Specification the crank of the engine is represented
and described as drilled to form passages from the said crank to its bearings
and to the crosshead to which a reciprocating rectilinear motion is given by the
crank.
My present invention consists of the alternative methods hereinafter described
whereby the lubrication under pressure is effected without the drilling of the
crank.
According to one of the said alternative methods constituting my present
invention attach to the crosshead actuated by the crank, a short hollow hori-
zontal arm connected to or in one piece with a vertical pipe the lower end of which
constitutes the piston of the oil pump connected with the oil tank or reservoir.
By the reciprocating motion of the cross head the piston of the pump has a
reciprocating motion communicated to it and the oil drawn into the barrel of the
pump by the ascending motion of the piston is forced by its descending motion
through the hollow piston rod and hollow horizontal arm to the crosshead pin and
from the said pin to the bearing of the crosshead and the lubrication of the said
crosshead is thereby effected under pressure.
According to another of the alternative methods constituting my invention I
employ arrangements similar to those of the method last described excepting that
the hollow vertical rod carried by the crosshead does not constitute the hollow
piston rod of a pump but slides in a stuffing box on the top of another pipe or
tube, thus constituting a telescopic pipe or tube virtually lengthening and shortening
with the ascent and descent of the crosshead. The said telescopic tube is con-
nected with a pump by which oil under pressure is forced through it to the
crosshead pin.
According to a third alternative arrangement I supply oil under pressure to the
crank pins and eccentrics by means of telescopic pipes of the kind described.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawing represent a portion of a
horizontal single crank steam engine the principal working parts of which are
lubricated by oil or other lubricant under pressure according to the first described
method, Figures 1 and 2 representing horizontal sections of the engine taken in
planes at right angles to one another and Figure 3 representing a cross section
taken through the crosshead. The same letters of reference indicate the same
parts in the several figures of the drawing.
a is the crosshead and a² the crosshead pin; a³ is the bearing of the crosshead
pin; a is the piston rod connected to the crosshead a' is the connecting rod
secured to the crank and a is the bearing of the connecting rod on the crank.
To the crosshead a is connected a short tubular arm b² to which is fixed the pipe b³
constituting the piston rod of the oil pump or pump barrel A. By means of this
pump, the lubricating oil is supplied under pressure to the working parts of the

page_text: engine as hereinafter described.
The pump cylinder or barrel A. receives its
supply of lubricant through the pipe B from a well or reservoir in the lower part
of the casing of the engine to which well or reservoir all the surplus oil escaping
from the bearings is conducted. By the reciprocating motion of the crosshead a
the hollow piston rod 63 of the pump has a like reciprocating motion communicated
to it, and the oil drawn into the pump A through the suction valve at 6 by the
ascending stroke of the hollow piston rod 63 is forced through the said hollow piston
rod by its descending stroke to the tubular arm 62 and along the passage E in the
crosshead a and bearing a³ into the annular groove F surrounding the piston rod
crosshead pin a² as seen in Figures 2 and 3. The bearing a³ of the said cross
head pin a² is thus very efficiently lubricated by oil under pressure. The return
of the oil forced into the hollow or tubular arm 62 and passage E is prevented by
the valve at the top of the hollow piston rod 73. The crank pin bearing a is
lubricated from the oil supplied to the annular groove F in the cross head bearing
in the manner shown in Figures 1 and 3. That is to say, in the cross head pin a²,
are passages H which open into the annular groove F and the oil forced into the
said groove F is conveyed through the said passages H and pipe I to the passage
in the connecting rod a³ and from thence to the annular groove in the crank pin
bearing (see Figure 1). By an examination of Figure 3 it will be seen that by
means of the branch passages G G in connection with the main passage E the
guide surfaces of the crosshead are lubricated.
J
I use a similar arrangement to that described and represented for lubricating the
valve rod guide joint pin and eccentric strap of the engine.
For the purpose of lubricating the fixed bearings of the engine, such for example
as the main crank bearing as shown at D, I provide the pump A with an outlet C
(see Figure 2) in addition to that through the hollow piston rod 63, and I connect
the outlet C by means of pipes with the fixed bearings as at D. It will be seen by
an examination of Figure 2 that an air vessel P2 opens into the outlet passage Č
for maintaining a steady current of oil through that passage.
Figure 4 represents in horizontal section and Figure 5 in cross section, through
the crosshead, another of my methods of lubricating by oil under pressure the
crosshead pin or the valve rod pin and other parts of the engine. In this method
or arrangement the pump A (Figure 2) is dispensed with and the oil pipe K is
connected with a pump in the base of the engine. The said pipe K is connected
with the pipe K in which the hollow rod or pipe L slides, the said hollow rod or
pipe I being connected by the hollow swivel joint M to the crosshead pin a². The
hollow rod or pipe L works in a stuffing box at the top of the hollow rod K². On
the motion of the cross head of the engine the hollow rod or pipe L slides
telescopically in the hollow rod or pipe K², the said rod or pipe L thus virtually
lengthening or shortening as the crosshead makes its reciprocating motion. The
oil under pressure supplied to the telescopic pipe L and joint M passes by the
passages N in the cross head pin a² to the annular groove F in the brass or
bearing a of the cross head pin a² and from thence by the passage O represented
in Figure 5 to the guide surfaces of the crosshead. The oil passages N in the
crosshead pin a open into the pipe P by which the oil is conducted through the
passage J in the connecting rod as to the crank pin bearing a as represented in
Figure 4.
The fixed bearings of the crank shaft are supplied direct from the oil pump in
connection with the pipe K.
Figure 6 represents in horizontal section another arrangement of my invention.
In this arrangement the oil under pressure is supplied to the fixed guide surface T
through the pipe and nipple Q. A portion of the oil thus supplied lubricates the
guide surface and the remainder collects in the long slot R in the guide shoe T of
the crosshead which slot R exceeds in length the full stroke of the engine. The
said long slot R opens into the passage S in the crosshead, and the said passage S
opens into an annular groove in the crosshead bearing for lubricating the crosshead
pin as represented. The oil from the annular groove described passes by passages

page_text: and a pipe of the kind represented at H, I and J in Figure 1 to the crank pin
bearing. The valve rod pin and eccentric strap may be lubricated by a similar
arrangement of parts. The fixed bearings when the arrangement represented in
Figure 6 is used are lubricated by pipes in connection with a main service pipe
direct from the pump.
Although I have only described and represented my invention in its application
to the lubricating of the principal bearings of an ordinary single crank steam engine
yet I wish it to be understood that my invention is applicable to the lubrication
under pressure of the bearings and working parts generally of steam engines of
other kinds and engines generally, which application 1 believe will be well
understood by the description I have already given and the accompanying
drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
⚫invention ;-
First; The method of or arrangement or combination of parts hereinbefore
described and represented in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawing for
lubricating the working parts of steam and other engines by oil or other lubricant
under pressure.
Secondly; The method of or arrangement or combination of parts, hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawing, for
lubricating the working parts of steam and other engines by oil or other lubricant
under pressure.
Thirdly; The method of or arrangement or combination of parts herein before
described and illustrated in Figure 6 of the accompanying drawing for lubricating
the working parts of steam and other engines by oil or other lubricant under
pressure.
Dated the Second day of March 1893.
ALBERT CHARLES PAIN.