AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ART OP BREWING MALT LIQUORS
Year: 1815

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
KILBY, of the City of York, Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George' the Third, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain bearing date at Westminster,
the First day of June now last past, 'did give and grant unto me,' the said
John Kilby, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege' and 'authority, that
I, the said John Kilby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said John Kilby, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise; and vend, within England, Wales, and 'the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my "Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE ART OP BREWING MALT LIQUORS;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained 'a' proviso bibliging me, the said 'John Kilby, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument under my hand and seal, and to cause the same to be
inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the said recited Letters Patent, reference being thereto
had, will more fully appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Kilby, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are described as follows,
that is to say:-
In the common way of boiling the wort, there is frequently, if not always;
produced by the action of the fire upon the brewing copper or vessel, a greater
or less degree of burning of the extract, and this I prevent by never suffering
either fire or flame to come in contact with the vessel in which the wort is
boiled, but effecting the boiling of the wort by means of steam applied to the
outside of the vessel in which the wort is contained. For this purpose I inclose
my brewing vessel in another vessel, which I call the case or jacket, made
either of metal or of wood, in such a manner that a convenient space may be
'left between the said case or jacket and brewing vessel, for the admission of
steam from a boiler, with fire under it, by means of a tube or tubes, or any
convenient communication by which steam may pass from the said last-
mentioned boiler into the said space between the case or jacket and the brewing
vessel. In arranging this simple apparatus, the following particulars should be
attended to :-
1**. The brewing vessel must be so well secured in its case or jacket that
there may be no way for the steam admitted between them to escape but.
through a valve (or valves), or cock (or cocks), provided for the purpose (but
I prefer the valve, because, by means of the load or weight put thereon, the
'escape or detention of the steam is very easily regulated).
2d. The brewing vessel should rise somewhat higher than the case or jacket,
or, in other words, it is advisable not to apply the steam to the brewing vessel
higher than the worts within it rise to, and to prevent this it is safer to have
the brewing vessel filled to such a height that the evaporation by boiling the
worts may never bring the surface quite so low in the vessel as the part on
which the steam acts. The reason for this precaution is this: some portions
of the hop are apt to apply themselves to the side of the vessel above the worts,
where they remain longer or shorter, according as accident may direct; and
such portions, by being exposed to a greater heat than that of the worts, might
possibly be injured in their flavour, and if so, when again carried into the
worts by any swell of the boiling, might affect the flavour of the beer.
3ª. The boiler that supplies the steam should also be furnished with a steam
valve or valves.
4th. The builer should be placed somewhat lower than the brewing vessel,
.in order that the water produced by the condensation of the steam, in the case

page_text: or jacket, while the brewing vessel and its contents are having their tempera-
ture raised to the boiling point, may be returned to the boiler by means of a
tube.
5th. The tube or tubes, which connect the boiler and the case or jacket,
should be furnished with a cock or cocks, or valve or valves, to enable the
brewer to shut off or admit the steam at pleasure.
The advantages resulting from this improved method of brewing are, the
preventing entirely the possibility of any burning or setting-too of the extract to
the bottom of the brewing vessel, the degree of heat applied thereto being so
perfectly under controul, by means of the safety valve (or valves), that it can
never exceed the degree wanted. N.B.-For dispatch, it may sometimes be
convenient that the safety valve should be so loaded, that the temperature of the
steam may be raised from ten to twenty degrees above 212°, that it may the
more easily communicate to the brewing vessel the temperature necessary to
bring its contents to the boiling point; and it is proper to remark here, that
by employing a close brewing vessel, with a safety valve, the temperature of the
worts also may be raised above the common boiling temperature of 212°, and
a larger portion of extract be thus obtained from the hop than by the common
boiling temperature. As the extract of the malt is preserved from being hurt
by the fire, so the hop is also preserved from injury, which makes it give out a
greater quantity of extract and a finer flavour. The flavour of the beer thus
brewed is superior to that boiled in the common way, and when properly
fermented is more vinious and spirituous and pallatable.
Having thus described my said improvement or improvements in the art of
brewing, it is only necessary farther to remark, that I do not rest my Invention
on the apparatus as such, or claim the apparatus as my Invention, but only its
application to the art of brewing malt liquors. In other words, my Invention
consists in performing, by means of steam applied to the brewing vessel, what
has hitherto been done by fire applied directly thereto.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Kilby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of December, in the year One thousand
eight hundred and fifteen.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same First day of December,'in
the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Kilby came before our-Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification: aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute in
that case made and provided...
Inrolled the same First day of December, in the year above written.