Improvements in Circular Looms.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 8th Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Circular Looms.
We, CARL HEROLD, of Zeile 44, Brünn, in the Empire of Austria, Machinist,
and RICHARD RICHARDS, of Zeile 44, Brünn aforesaid, Machinists, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the circular looms described in the
Specification of Patent No. 6846 of 1898, and refers to;-
(a) the mechanism for forming the shed.
(b) the mechanism for beating up the weft (shuttle thread) in the woven fabric.
The circular loom provided with these improvements is illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings as follows:-
Fig. 1. Part vertical section and part elevation.
Fig. 2. Sectional elevation of a modification of the mechanism for beating up
the weft:
Fig. 3. Side elevation of portion of the rotating eccentric (cam) for actuating the
reeds.
Fig. 4. Plan of the cam or eccentric for forming the shed and a heald segment
actuated by it.
Figs. 5-10. Details.
In the circular looms fitted with the improvements herein described the (shuttle)
race rings m m¹ are formed each of one piece and the actuation of the shuttles and
their motions are in other respects effected in the same manner as in the Specifi-
cation of Patent No. 6846 of 1898, by horizontally placed electromagnets n with
radial poles. The boss o fixed to the shaft by nuts o' o' which carries the electro-
magnets, is in one piece with the lowest of the cams or eccentrics d for forming
the shed.
The arrangement of the eccentrics or cams d for forming the shed is the same as
in Patent No. 6846 of 1898 the annular eccentrics or cams d being placed one
above the other and fastened together by bolts or screws passing through them.
The wire healds have their outer ends drawn out to engage with or fit over the
curved pieces or rods f¹ (for these see Fig. 5). To each of the latter there is a
ring or eye riveted (Fig. 5) which can be placed upon or over the outer end of
the strong wire e³, the latter having on it a screw thread and fixed by the two
nuts (Fig. 6). As may be seen from the drawing (Fig. 1) the wire healds
are situated above the wire rods 5, but they may equally well be placed underneath.
This wire eat its inner end is screwed into the head e and the head e' is by
means of a stud 8 connected to the plate e⁹. The stud is preferably fixed to the
head e and turns in the plate e⁹ (Figs. 7 and 8). The plate carries underneath
at both ends rollers e¹ which rotate on the studs e. These rollers run in the
grooves e of the eccentric d for forming the shed (Figs. 1 and 4) and by their
passing from the outer to the inner part of the groove, or the contrary way, im-
part a radial to and fro movement to the wires and also to the wire healds e,
both of which are guided by the holes 2 of the casing g³, by which means the

page_text: shed is produced. The nut 3 forming the top of the bolt e² prevents the rollers e¹
and the head from jumping out of the groove e, as they almost touch the
eccentric or plate above them. By the plate e and head (Fig. 7) being made to
turn about each other it is made possible that the wire e which is screwed into
the latter remains radial during all the movements, more particularly while
passing from the inner to the cuter part of the groove e of the eccentric d or vica
versa, so that any jambing or bending of the wire healds is avoided. The wire
here referred to replaces the intermediate pieces e³ of l'atent 6846 of 1898 and
this arrangement has the advantage over the older one, that the 'wire healds e
attached to the curved pieces f' are accessible from the outside.
The arrangement of two rollers el on both sides of the wire e is for the purpose
of preventing the rollers from jambing in the grooves of the eccentric.
The beating up of the weft thread which has been carried through by the
shuttle is not now effected by the reed segments of Patent 6846 of 1898, and
--which are there fixed, but by reeds which are placed near to the apex of the shed,
which have the advantage compared with. the movement of the segments
that
- they have a much shorter distance to traverse in moving from their position of
rest into the position 2 for beating up the weft..
In order to make this arrangement practicable the thread issuing from the
shuttle s must be brought near to the apex of the shed and for this purpose there
projects from the upper side of the shuttle a fixed wire 73 (Fig. 1and 10) which
reaches nearly to the apex of the shed and has an eye for the thread through
which the weft as it comes off the cop or spool is led.
The new arrangement for beating up the weft consists of a grooved-ring
revolving with the shaft a the groove being formed with several sharp bends
into which project the arms h of the reeds-h, these arins swing or oscillate on a
closed ring h³.
4.33
The ring he is supported by carriers fixed to the beam-ring C and an annular
weight or ring is laid upon the reeds h which may if desired be fixed against
an elastic packing on the beam ring C. For the purpose of obtaining a surer
guide for the reeds h they are guided by vertical slits in the cylinder c³.
As soon as the shuttles s carried round by the electro-magnets n have paid off a
portion of the thread the reeds by reason of the arm h passing into the sharp
bend (Figs. 1 and 3) strike the paid off weft underneath, push it up from below
and finally attain the position 2 (Fig. 1) where they press the weft to the finished
cloth and then return to their previous position. It should be noted that the
number of sharp bends in the cam ³ correspond with the number of shuttles s.
In the modification illustrated in Fig. 2, for beating up the weft, the form of
the reeds his such that in either of their positions they are constantly between
the threads of both the inner and the outer part of the shed, by which the
possibility of the reeds failing to pass between the threads is avoided.
To attain this object the reeds h are prolonged into curved ends h so that in
the position 3 these curved ends play between two particular threads or groups of
threads of the outer portion of the shed and only leave these when the particular
point h of the same reed which has to beat up the weft, has entered between the
two threads or groups of threads. In this arrangement the ring h³ is supported in
the holes of the carriers c which are fixed on the inner side of the shuttle-race
ring m¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we 5
claim is:-
1. in circular. looms the mechanism for forming the shed comprising the wire
healds accessible at the outside sliding through guide holes in the framing
a curved rod or bar f¹ to which the heald wires are attached at their outer ends,
sliding wires e to which the curved bars f¹ are attached also sliding through holes
5

page_text: in the framing and a head secured thereto and carrying a swivelling plate e and
runners e traversing the grooves of the eccentric d for forming the shed sub-
stantially as described and shown.
2. The arrangement of apparatus for beating up the weft comprising reeds
placed near the apex of the shed swivelling on a ring hand guided by the slits c
in the casing c³ provided with arms engaging directly in the groove k of the
grooved cam in combination with a wire 2 for guiding the thread, fixed on the
top of the shuttle s with an eye r for the thread at the top and reaching nearly to
the apex of the shed so that when the weft has been brought into position by the
latter the passing of the arm into the bends of the groove & cause the reeds h
to strike from underneath by their projecting ends and press it up to the finished
cloth substantially as described.
3. The modified construction of the reeds which consists in an extension on the
upper side of a curved piece which in every position remains constantly between
two particular threads or groups of threads of the warp substantially as described.
4. A circular loom having the several parts constructed and arranged in com-
bination substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of February 1899.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents,