IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FORGES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Talbot Pitman, of the American & European
Patent Offices, No. 67, Gracechurch Street, London, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FORGES."-A communication
from abroad by Joseph H. Hyatt, of Peekskill, State of New York,
United States of America.
Sealed the 24th April 1860, and dated the 31st October 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Talbot Pitman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st October 1859.
I, JOHN TALBOT PITMAN, of the American & European Patent Offices,
No. 67, Gracechurch Street, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FORGES," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Joseph H. Hyatt, of Peekskill, State of New
York, United States of America, to be as follows:-
To consist in constructing a forge, portable or otherwise, with a blowing i
apparatus composed of three bellows arranged one above the other, or other
convenient mode, in such a manner that by a series of levers or other device
each of the two lower ones is connected to and worked by the same handle,
and the third is employed as a receivinge hamber for the air forced into it from
the other two. This chamber, by means of a weight, spring, or other similar
device, is regulated to create a uniform strong continuous current or blast of
the compressed air through the tuyere upon the fire; also by means of an
horizontal flue to carry off the gases or other exhalations from the fire more
readily into a double cast-iron vertical flue or chimney.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Talbot Pitman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TALBOT PITMAN, of the American & European Patent Offices, No. 67,
Gracechurch Street, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the
year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Talbot Pitman, Her special licence that I, the said John
Talbot Pitman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Talbot Pitman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FORGES," a communication from abroad
by Joseph H. Hyatt, of Peekskill, State of New York, United States of America,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Talbot Pitman, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Talbot Pitman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly. described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters marked thereon :-
It consists in constructing a forge with double bellows, receiving, air
chamber, horizontal and double upright flues, which may be described as
follows:-
Figure 1 represents a view in perspective of the back end and side of the
forge, showing the arrangement of the levers A, B, C, and connecting
rods D, E, F, G, to operate the front (6) and back bellows (5) simultaneously
by the power applied to the handle A'.

page_text: Figure 2 is a perspective front and side view, showing the mode of operating
the front bellows by means of the levers C and connecting rods E, G; showing
also the additional horizontal flue K, which serves to carry off all the gases
arising from the fire S or from the crucible thereon, and is connected with
one of the main vertical flues in the chimney O.
Figure 3 is a sectional side view of the double bellows.
Figure 4 is the main or receiving air chamber, into which the air is forced
from front and back bellows simultaneously if necessary. By the addition also
of external pressure on this chamber the air can be projected through the
pipe or tuyere P on to the fire S with great force. Figure 5 is the back, and
Figure 6 the additional front bellows.
The manner of its operation is as follows:-By operating the levers B & C
by means of the connecting rods D, E, F, & G, as above mentioned, a double
action is imparted to the bellows 5, 6, and a powerful, continuous, and uniform
blast or current of air through the pipe P is thrown upon the fire, causing a
more uniform and rapid heat. When a light heat only is required, the rod E
may be detached, and the back bellows (5) will then only be operated; or if
the rod D is detached, the front bellows (6) only will be employed.
The additional or longitudinal flue K, acting as above mentioned, to carry
off the obnoxious gases also improves the draft of the double cast-iron flue or
chimney O.
Having now fully described the said Invention, and the manner of its
operation, as communicated to me, what I claim and desire to secure under
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
The levers and connecting rods when arranged and operated in connection
with the double bellows 5 and 6, in the manner and for the purpose sub-
stantially as described.
Also, the horizontal flue or its equivalent, in connection with the double
cast-iron flue, chimney, or back of a forge, for the purpose of carrying off the
gases, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Talbot Pitman, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, on this Second day of April, Anno Domini One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
JOHN TALBOT PITMAN.
(L.S.)