IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Anthoney Swinburne
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April. 1876.
THOMAS ANTHONEY SWINBURNE, of, Torquay. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
This Invention has for its object the rendering an anchor reversible and easily
portable by its being constructed in such a manner as to be easily taken to pieces
and put together again. I make a double shank to the anchor in the following
manner I take two pieces of iron of a similar length and of suitable thickness,
aud in each of the four ends of such iron lengths I drill two holes. I then insert at
the top between such double shank an iron tongue furnished with an iron ring at its
top for the purpose of attaching the cable thereto in the ordinary manner to raise
and lower the anchor. Such tongue has two corresponding holes formed therein
similar to those made in the top of the double shank, as before described. I then
bolt the two stems and the tongue together by suitable bolts, nuts, and washers.
At the further end between such double shank I insert a pair of anchor arms.
hole is drilled in the centre point of such arms. This hole corresponds with the
lower of the two holes drilled in the further end of the double shank. I then place
over the bottom of the double shank an iron shackle, also provided with 2 holes,
and secure such shackle shank and arms together by means of a stout iron bolt, nut,
and washer which passes through all three and thus firmly holds them together. I
then pass through the upper hole in such double shank an ordinary iron stock,
which I secure with a suitable pin, and the anchor is thus complete.
A
It will be at once seen that to reverse the anchor it is only necessary to adjust
the anchor arms at the other end as before described and place the tongue and ring
where the anchor arms were.
Another arrangement is as follows:-I form the shank of a single iron bar, round
in the centre and square at both ends, through one of such ends I drill 3 holes from
back to front, and in the other end I drill 3 similar holes from side to side, over
the upper one of either of such 3 holes I pass a square iron collar, and secure the
same by means of a suitable bolt, nut, and washer, which passes through holes
Price G1

page_text: provided for that purpose in such metal collar, I then slip a pair of pickaxe
anchor arms over the ends of the shank, such arms rest upon the metal collar just
described, a hole is drilled through at the side of the centre point of such pickaxe
arms, through which I pass a suitable bolt, nut, and washer to secure the saine, and
through the lowest of the three holes formed in the shank of the anchor I insert a
second metal collar and bolt, precisely similar to that already described, and previous
to securing it I pass an iron shackle over and secure all three firmly together by
means of a suitable bolt, nut, and washer.
At the opposite end of the shank I have a precisely similar arrangement, the
anchor arms in this case serving to form the stock of the anchor.
Another method of carrying out my Invention is to have a single iron shank
pierced with a hole at each end. I slip the anchor head over one end of such shank,
such head being provided with a hole drilled through its centre, through which I
pass the stock of the anchor, thereby firmly securing the head of the anchor, such
stock being made fast by a suitable pin or-bolt, nut, and washer. At the other
end of the shank I fix a shackle by means of a bolt, nut, and washer as before
described.
Another method of carrying out my Invention is to have a single shank with a
deep slot at each end, such slots being made in a contrary direction to each other,
two holes are drilled in cach fork of the slot, such holes being also reversed, that is
to say, two passing through from side to side and two from front to back, the head
of the anchor has two corresponding holes in its centre, and on placing the anchor
head in either of such slots I secure it therein by two bolts as before mentioned, and
at the other end I attach a shackle by means of a bolt, nut, and washer, as before
described. In this arrangement only three bolts are required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Anthoney Swinburne in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th October 1876.
.
THOMAS ANTHONEY SWINBURNE, of Torquay.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
This Invention has for its object the rendering an anchor reversible and easily
portable by its being constructed in such a manner as to be easily taken to pieces
and put together again.
I make a double shank b, b', Figure 1, to the anchor in the following manner:-
I take two pieces of iron of a similar length and of suitable thickness, and in each
of the four ends of such iron lengths I drill a hole. I then insert at the top
between such double shank b, b1, Figure 1, an iron tongue d, Figure 1, furnished
with an iron ring d, Figure 1, at its top for the purpose of attaching the cable
thereto in the ordinary manner so as to raise and lower the anchor.
Such tongue
has two corresponding holes formed therein similar to those made in the top of
the double shank as before described, I then bolt the two stems and the tongue
together by suitable bolts, nuts, and washers. At the further end between such
double shank I insert a pair of anchor arms a, Figure 1. A hole is drilled in the
centre point of such arms, this hole corresponds with the two holes drilled in the
lower end of the double shank. I then place over the bottom of the double shank
an iron shackle e, Figure 1, also provided with two holes, and secure such shackle
shank and arms together by means of a stout iron bolt el, e¹, Figure 1, nut, and
washer which passes through all three and thus firmly holds them together. I
then pass through the upper hole in such double shank an ordinary iron stock c,
Figure 1, which I secure with a suitable pin and the anchor is thus complete.
Figure 1 shews an elevation of this anchor, and Figure 2 a side view of the same.
It will be at once seen that to reverse the anchor it is only necessary to adjust

page_text: the anchor arms at the other end as before described and place the tongue and ring
where the anchor arms were.
Another arrangement is as follows:-I form the shank of a single iron bar b,
Figure 3, round in the centre and square at both ends, through one of such ends
I drill two holes from back to front, and in the other end I drill two similar lioles
from side to side. Over the upper one of either of such two holes I pass a square
iron collar c, Figure 3, an independent view of which is shewn at Figure 5, and
I secure such collar by means of a suitable bolt, nut, and washer, which passes
through holes provided for that purpose in such metal collar. I then slip a suitable
pair of anchor arms a, Figures 3 and 4, over the ends of the shank, such arms
rest upon the metal collar c just described. A hole is then drilled through at the
side of the centre point of such anchor arms through which I pass a suitable bolt,
nut, and washer to secure the same, and through the lowest of the two. holes
formed in the shank of the anchor, as shewn at b₁, Figure 6, I insert a second
metal collar and bolt precisely similar to that already described, and previous to
securing it I pass an iron shackle e, Figures 3 and 9, over and secure all three
firmly together by means of a suitable bolt, nut, and washer. At the opposite end
of the shank I have a precisely similar arrangement, the anchor arms in this case
serving to form the stock of the anchor. Figures 7 shew independent views of the
square end of the shank. Figure 8 is a plan view of the anchor arms. Figure 9
shews an arrangement of spare arms fitted outside instead of the collars c, so as to
afford great weight and holding force.
Another means of carrying out my Invention is as follows:-I form a square
shank b, Figure 10, having two holes drilled through either end and in opposite direc-
tions. Over one end of such shank bI slip a suitable pair of anchor arms a, Figure 10,
such anchor arms having a square centre orifice therein, as shewn at, Figure 11,
to permit of their passing over the shank. I then secure such anchor arms by
means of a bolt and nut passed through the lower of such two holes; in the upper
one I fix a shackle e, Figure 10, secured by a pin or nut c, Figure 10, and bolt as
before described. Figure 12 shews an independent view of the anchor arms a. At
the other end a similar arrangement is made, with the exception that the anchor
arms are placed thereon in a reverse direction, as seen by the Drawing, Figure 13.
Another method of carrying out my Invention is to have a single iron shank b,
Figure 14, pierced with a hole c, at each end I slip the anchor arms a, Figure 15,
over one end of such shank b, such anchor arms a being provided with a suitable
square hole drilled through their centre to allow of their passing over the shank. b,
such anchor arms are afterwards secured by means of a shackle e, Figure 15, secured
by a bolt, nut, and washer in the ordinary way. Over the other end of such shank b
pass a smaller shackle f, Figure 15, having holes drilled therein, so as to allow of
the stock d, Figure 15, being passed through the same and being secured with a
suitable pin.
Another method of carrying out my Invention is to have a single shank b,
Figure 16, Sheet 2, formed with a deep slot at each end, such slots being made in
a contrary direction to each other, and which slots are indicated by dotted lines in
Figures 16 and 17, Sheet 2. A hole is drilled in each fork of the slot, such holes
being also reversed, that is say, one passing through from side to side, and one
from front to back. The head of the anchor a has a corresponding hole in its
centre, as shewn at Figure 18, Sheet 1, and on placing the anchor head in either
of such slots I secure it therein by a bolt as before-mentioned, and at the other end
I attach a shackle e, Figures 16 and 17, Sheet 2, by means of a bolt, nut, and
washer as before described. In this arrangement only two bolts are required. In
the centre of the anchor arms a a notch is formed on either side to permit of its
slipping down into the before-mentioned fork, these notches are shewn at ff,
Figure 19, Sheet ].
Figures 20 and 21, Sheet 1, shew another arrangement of a square shank b,
having one hole drilled at each end in opposite directions; a pair of anchor arms is
slipped over both ends of such shank b in reverse directions and over these I place

page_text: suitable shackles e and secure all three together by means of a nut and bolt as
before described. By this arrangement a collar is dispensed with at the same time
that one pair of such anchor arms serves as the stock of the anchor.
Another means of carrying out my Invention is as follows:-I take any suitable
shank and form a quarter twist therein, as shewn at b, Figures 22, 23, and 24,
leaving the two ends perfectly square, each having a hole therein formed in a con-
trary direction. On one end thereof I place a pair of ordinary anchor arms (,
having a square orifice in the centre to permit of their fitting over the square end of
such shank, after which I place any suitable shackle over the same, and secure all
three together by means of a bolt and pin.
Over the other end of the shank I slip a corresponding pair of anchor arms, which
in consequence of the quarter twist formed on the shank as before described fall
down and rest within the first mentioned pair, as shewn at a', Figure 22. To such
second pair of arms a double chain f, f, is attached in any suitable manner, by means
of which chain on launching the anchor such second pair of arms is drawn to the
top of the shank, and by means of the quarter twist therein it is caused to revolve
a half turn, and so forms the stock of the anchor, as shown at a', Figure 23.
Such second pair of arms are prevented from slipping over the upper end of the
shank by means of a metal collar furnished with two metal guides or sockets c, c,
Figures 22 and 23, through which the double chain works, and which serve to retain
it in position, and after which I place a suitable shackle e thereon, and secure it by
a bolt and pin or in any other suitable manner.
The great advantage is that when not in use the stock falling down lies in close
juxtaposition with the spade of the anchor, at the same time that it is reversible
and is easily taken to pieces or put together as occasion may require.
Figures 25 and 26 shew another arrangement whereby when the back painter is
let go the anchor would hang by cathead stopper, and the second pair of arms a¹
would slide down the shank to the position 2 at right angles to a. When the
cathead stopper is let go the anchor runs to the bottom and holds as a grappling
iron.
Figure 27 is an independent view of such shank having the quarter twist formed
thereon.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I
claim as my Invention the various improvements in anchors, substantially in the
manner and for the purposes herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Anthoney Swinburne, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
TO
הדזט דודז.CIII
(cer)
THO A SWINBURN.