Improvements in Gas and Oil Motors for Autocars.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Motors for Autocars.
I, EMILE ROGER, of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, in the Republic of France, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention for improvements in motors for autocars relates to the construc-
tion and operation of mechanical or automobile carriages for roads, and principally
in those actuated by a gas or petroleum motor, and has for its object to diminish
the dead weight arising from the water carried for the purpose of cooling the
cylinder, to simplify the construction of the motor cylinder, and to diminish the
weight thereof.
In motors actuated by gas petroleum and the like a part only of the heat
produced by the ignition of the gaseous mixture is transformed into mechanical
work; the other and the largest part passes through the walls of the cylinder
and heats them to such an extent as to soon make the working of the motor
mpossible if these walls are not cooled with water of which a considerable
quantity is necessary and has to be carried by the car or carriage.
Two of the principal parts necessary for the proper working of the whole of
these improvements are two atmospheric condensers, an upper one and a lower one.
The upper atmospheric condenser consists of a large closed tube through which is
assed longitudinally another tube with the ends open and arranged in such manner
at the rush of air caused by the movement of the vehicle passes through it. The
!wer atmospheric condenser is composed of a coil of several rows of tubes of small
ameter. The cooling takes place by the action of the surrounding air, set in
motion by the travel of the vehicle, upon the surfaces of these tubes.
The bottom of the upper condenser communicates with the lower one by means
of a tube connected to the coil. Two water reservoirs, situated on each side of the
carriage, are connected together at their upper ends by a tube and at their lower
ends also by a tube which is connected by a branch to a tube of square or
rectangular section coiled round the outer cylindrical surface of the motor cylinder.
This coil may be replaced by a cylindrical jacket surrounding the cylinder, the
cold water passing through the coils or jacket around the outer surfaces of the
said cylinder keep it cool.
A vessel situated at the same level as the water reservoirs communicates at its
upper part by means of a tube with the upper atmospheric condenser whilst its
lower part communicates directly with the upper end of the cooling coil around
the cylinder. Another tube at the bottom of the said vessel communicates with
the tube which connects the lower parts of the two water reservoirs. A pump
actuated by the motor effects suction by means of a tube forming a continuation
of the lower cooling coil and discharges into one of the water reservoirs by
another tube.
The upper atmospheric condenser is provided at its upper part with a tube the
lower orifice of which is lightly closed by a stop or plug in such manner as to
act as a safety valve which when the pressure becomes too great in the atmospheric

page_text: condensers is blown out, the condensers can consequently be made of thin material
and light weight.
In operation the reservoirs being filled with water it runs into the before-
mentioned vesset and the coil surrounding the cylinder.
When the engine is started the cylinder becomes heated the water contained
in the coil circulates as it rises by the action of the heat and passes under a hopper
placed in the bottom of the vessel and falls again through a tube and back to the
reservoirs. At the upper part of the vessel the hot water vaporises and the nascent
steam passes into the upper atmospheric condenser traversed by the surrounding
air this steam is condensed and falls through a tube into the lower atmospheric
condenser from whence it is drawn by the pump and discharged into one of the
reservoirs where it mixes with the cooling water.
The relative vacuum in the atmospheric condensers produced by the pump
insures a rapid circulation of the aqueous vapour.
In this manner the various circulations of air, steam and water are insured.
Dated this 15th day of September 1896
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE.
.40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
I, EMILE ROGER, of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in gas and oil motors for auto-cars and
has for its object to reduce the weight of water which requires to be carried for the
purpose of cooling the cylinders.
To this end I provide in connection with the water jacket of the motor cylinder
upper and lower atmospheric condensers, that is to say, devices in which the
jacket water is cooled and any vapour given off thereby is condensed, such cooling
and condensation being effected by the contact with the atmosphere as the vehicle
travels along. The upper one of the condensers is so arranged that the air can pass
freely through and around it. The lower condenser is formed of several rows of tubes
of small diameter and externally freely exposed to the atmosphere. At each side
of the vehicle are situated two reservoirs for water and above the cylinder and
level with the said reservoirs is arranged an intermediate chamber into which
the heated water passes from the cylinder jacket and whence the said water and
the steam or vapour thereof flow to the condensing apparatus. These various
parts are connected together by suitable pipes, and a pump may be provided to
ensure the circulation of the water through the apparatus.
The water jacket of the cylinder is advantageously made of a coiled or sinuous
form, by coiling a pipe of suitable section round the cylinder or casting the same
in the cylinder walls. By this construction of water jacket, the same water is
caused to circulate several times around the cylinder.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe the same by aid of the accompanying drawings,
in which
Figure 1 is a front elevation partly in section, and
Figure 2 is a plan shewing my improvements applied to the working cylinder
of an explosion motor for an auto-car.

page_text: Figure 3 is a side view of the lower cooler.
a is the said working cylinder, is the water jacket thereof which, in the
example shown in the drawings, consists of a coil of pipe of square or rectangular
section closely surrounding the cylinder. This coil may however be replaced
by an ordinary annular jacket if desired. 63 is a pipe by which water enters the
jacket b. c is the intermediate chamber into which the water from the jacket
flow: hy a pipe e and wherein a preliminary or partial cooling takes place. Inside
the chamber is arranged a partition forming a mouth piece to a pipe a by
which the water flows from the chamber. d is a pipe by which the steam or
water vapour leaves the said chamber. is the upper condenser, which consists
of an elongated chamber or tubular casing having end pieces or covers el through
which is passed an air tube f having open ends which project one towards the
front and the other towards the rear of the vehicle so that whichever way the
latter travels its motion tends to create a current of air through the tube f. f is
a branch air opening for the pipe f situated midway between the extremities
thereof and passing through the condenser c. The steam or water vapour from the
pipe passes into the annular space between the tubular casing e and the inner
tube f wherein it is condensed.
g is the lower condenser which is formed by bending one or more pipes to and
fro horizontally as shown more clearly in Figure 3, these pipes being preferably
made very thin and of small diameter to promote the dissipation of the heat through
them. The said lower condenser is connected by a pipe with the condenser e so
that the water resulting from the condensation of steam in the latter can flow
freely into such lower condenser.
are the reservoirs for the supply of the water jacket. These are provided
with corrugations to promote or facilitate the cooling action of the air thereon,
and are preferably situated in the sides of the vehicle body. They communicate
with each other at their upper parts by a tube k which serves to equalize the
pressure in them, while their lower parts are connected with a pipe forming
the main circulating pipe, and communicating with the pipe d, the lower cooler g
and a pipe leading to the water jacket b.
m indicates a circulating pump of any suitable construction which serves to
force the water from the lower cooler g up a pipe a into the left hand reservoir i.
is a vent pipe which is normally closed by a cock or plug o' adapted to be
blown out should the pressure rise unduly.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Water is filled in through a suitable
cock or valve (not shown) until it stands at the level indicated by the dotted lines
in the reservoir and chamber c. When the motor commences to work, the
water in the tubular water-jacket & becomes highly heated and ascends the pipe e
into the intermediate chamber c, wherein it becomes partially cooled. The cooler
part flows over the partition or mouth piece into the pipe if and thence into the
main circulating pipe and back up the pipe & into the water jacket. The water
in the jacket thus becomes heated sufficiently to give off steam, which is separated
from the water in the intermediate chamber c and rises into the condenser e, the
water of condensation flowing back by the pipe into the lower condenser g.
After being further cooled the said water of condensation is raised hy the pump m
and discharged into the reservoir i by the pipe n. Meanwhile a small quantity
of water has flowed from the reservoirs into the water jacket to take the place
of that evaporated as above described.
The partial vacuum produced in the condensers by the action of the pump m
ensures a rapid circulation of the vapour in the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A motor for an auto-car provided with an upper atmospheric condenser com-
prising a tubular chamber or casing having an inner open ended air tube passed

page_text: through it, and with a lower condenser consisting of several rows of tubes,
substantially as described.
2. A motor for an auto-car having a coiled or sinuous water jacket substantially
as and for the purposes described.
3. A motor for an auto-car, provided with means substantially as described and 5
shown for keeping the working cylinder cool.
Dated this 10th day of June 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.