matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WARPING MACHINES."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Berry at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1876.
THOMAS BERRY, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WARPING MACHINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
In place of the foot rollers at present employed for separating the ends I use a
dividing pin, shaped somewhat like a bayonet and turning loosely in a socket, so
that the warps in passing from the creel through the "heck" are enabled to main-
tain a direct line to the laying on pulley. The laying on pulley is to be mounted
on a bracket which is capable of turning horizontally, and the former revolves on a
small disc or plate provided on either side with a hook to prevent the warps from
falling off and becoming entangled if from any cause they become slackened.
The swivelling bracket is held in its correct position (a little play being allowed
to it) by slight wooden pins; and thus if in the revolution of the warping mill the
*lease peg" happens to strike against the laying on pulley, one of these wooden pins
is sheared off and no further damage is done.
"
The object of this Invention is to prevent what are termed "twisted quarters
or twisted "half beers," which when the warps come to the loom cause great trouble
in weaving and sometimes loss.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOES FOR FARMING PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Mills Frudd and Thomas
Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1876.
John Mills FruDD, of Bloxholm Moor and Dorrington, both in the County of
Lincoln, Farmer, and THOMAS HARRISON, of the City of Lincoln, Agricultural
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOES FOR FARMING PURPOSES."
The object of our Invention is a hoe which can bo used with equal advantago
both in wet and dry weather, and which can be adapted to the various widths of.
the "rows" in which crops are planted upon the land.
Our Invention consists in forming the hoc foot or hoe proper of two flat bars of
iron jointed together at an angle, so as to render the latter capable of being
increased or diminished. To each of these angle bars are bolted a number of small
shares or tines, and these bars are connected at the back by a cross bar, at the
centre of which the shank is keyed or fastened so as to connect our hoo foot with.
the body of the hoo carriage.
The angle of the bars is increased or diminished so as to suit the width of the
"row" of crop which is being hoed by means of this bar; it is slotted at each end,
and rides upon a bolt keyed to each bar, the bolt is threaded and a nut screws upon
it, by means of which the cross bar can be screwed down. firmly into the desired.
position in relation to the angle bars.
The advantages of our improved hoes are-they will not clog when worked in
wet weather or in heavy land like the hoes at present in use; that they will
effectually hoe or clean the whole of the land, while the hoes at present in use do
not break up the soil sufficiently to destroy the weeds growing therein; and that our
hoes can be used when the ground is dry and hard.
Our improved hoe or hoe foot can be attached to the existing hoe frames, or to
corn drill levers, making a combined drill and horse hoe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FURNITURE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Smith Lewis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th July 1876.
JAMES SMITH LEWIS, of No. 2, Herne Place, Herne Hill, Dulwich, in the County
of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FURNITURE."
According to my Invention the tube of the runner is extended to receive the
sliding tip cap or the cap for holding together the ends of the ribs, so that stretchers
of the ordinary length in relation to the ribs may be used.
The tip cap" is capable of sliding on the outer end of this extended runner
between two projecting rings formed on this portion of the runner for the purpose
of controlling the extent of motion of the tip cap. The tip cap is also formed with
an extended inner cylindrical portion to slide on the runner, and by which the tip
cap is kept steady and uniform in its motion.
AN ATTACHMENT TO HARNESS TO ENABLE THE DROPPINGS OF HORSES TO BE CAUGHT AND RETAINED."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Bing at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1876.
LOUIS BING, of Bishops Stortford, Hertford.
AN ATTACHMENT TO HARNESS
TO ENABLE THE DROPPINGS OF HORSES TO BE CAUGHT AND RETAINED."
My Invention of an attachment to harness to enable the droppings of horses to
be caught and retained, consists of a bag or receptacle attached to the breechings of
horses, when the breechings are worn and fitted underneath the carriage or vehicle in
such a convenient manner as to catch and retain the droppings of horses. When
breechings are not worn by horses the receptacle must be attached to other parts
of the harness. Two advantages follow from the use of this arrangement, viz., the
streets and roads are freed froin the nuisance of being covered by horse droppings,
and in the case of large establishments, where, as in the London General Omnibus
Company, some ten thousand horses are employed, the retention of the droppings
brings in a revenue from sale as manure.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FULLING' WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Glover at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1876.
FREDERICK GLOVER, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Cloth Fuller.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FULLING' WOVEN FABRICS."
"IM-
Instead of arrangeing the fulling rollers in pairs, as heretofore in such machines,
I propose to arrange them in sets of three, as, for example, two plain rollers running
upon one flanged roller, whereby the fabric is twice operated upon instead of once
in the same time. The driving wheels of the rollers are geared together, that is
two into one, and are alike in size.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING STRAW, HAY, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Keddy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, on the 1st January 1876.
THOMAS KEDDY, of Poultry Chambers, No. 24, Queen Victoria Street, in the City
of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING STRAW, HAY, AND OTHER
LIKE SUBSTANCES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for cutting straw,
hay, and other like substances. For this purpose I employ a knife formed with
two cutting edges, and carried by a couple of crank pius, whereby a circular
parallel motion is given to the knife, which is arranged to work in juxtaposition
to the mouth of a feeding trough, so that during both its upward and downward
movements the knife shall pass across the mouth of the trough and give a drawing
cut, thereby severing the ends of the straw, hay, or other material projecting from
the mouth of the trough. The axes of the two cranks carrying the knife are
connected together by means of crank arms, pins, and a connecting rod or
equivalent means, so that motion being given to the one crank arm the other will
move in unison with it, and so operate the knife.
The feeding of the material to be cut is effected by means of spiked wheels or
rollers on a couple of shafts running transversely to the trough, and actuated
through gearing from a cam or crank in connexion with the disc plate or crank
arm of one of the cranks carrying the knife.
Provision is made for allowing the top feeding roller shaft to adjust itself to
the thickness of the material that is being fed to the cutter.
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUCHES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lewis Anidjah at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1876.
LEWIS ANIDJAH, of 17, Chapel Street, Curtain Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Wholesale Upholsterer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUCHES."
The improvements consist in making the seat in two layers, an upper and a
lower, hinged together, so that the upper may be lifted over and form together with
the lower layer a flush and continuous matrass, double the width of the couch or
nearly so, and furnishing the upper part of such layer with convenient feet placed
in recesses in the side thereof when used as a couch, but capable of being turned
down to support the upper layer when it is turned over to serve as a bed.
Further, making the scroll or head rest in two pieces an upper and lower, the upper
to be turned over and form with the lower a continuous head rest the width of the
open matrass, and in combination with the above improvements, making receptacles
in the head rest and back of the couch, when a back is used for holding pillows,
linen, and such like.
The improvements may be performed by making the parts of the materials
generally employed in couch manufacture, but I prefer to make the seat a squab, so
that it will when open form the matrass.
Further, the Invention embraces making the frames of couches both of the seats
and head rests, tellescopic, that is, with a main frame to hold another, which latter
when desired can be pulled or screwed out to form a bed, furnishing said inner
frame with feet moveable or otherwise, and so dividing the squab of seat and head
rest, that when turned over to form bed, they shall present a continuous level
surface.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, MOVING, OR TRANSPORTING HEAVY BODIES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Harrison at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1876.
"
BENJAMIN HARRISON, of Hertford Road, Kingsland, in the County of Middle-
sex, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING,
LOWERING, MOVING, OR TRANSPORTING HEAVY BODIES."
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of portable
traveller or crane for raising, lowering, moving, or transporting heavy bodies, and
consists of two uprights hinged or jointed at their upper ends to a cross beam so as
to be capable of being folded up into a small compass and easily carried from place
to place when not in actual use. The uprights may or may not be provided with
wheels or runners for the facility of moving or adjusting the position of the entire
apparatus when erected for use, one of the two. wheels (when wheels are used) at
each side of the apparatus being capable of being rotated by the action of a pinion
worked by hand and gearing into internal teeth in the said wheel. To one of the
uprights there is fitted a windlass barrel worked by hand through the intervention
of a worm and worm wheel or other convenient arrangement of gearing, or in lieu
of this arrangement a hydraulic ram and multiple pullies may be employed. The
cross beam carries a pair of travelling pullies, over each of which pullies the chain
passes so as to hang down between them in the form of a loop to receive the block
and hook.
When using a windlass barrel the chain or rope passes upwards from the barrel
over a snatch or guide pulley at the end of the cross beam, the axle of such pulley,
by preference, forming the hinge pin or joint. The chain then passes over one of
the two traveller pullies and down to the block, round which it passes and ascends
again to the second traveller pulley, and after passing over this pulley it is finally
secured to the opposite end of the beam.
When using the hydraulic ram and multiple pullies the chain passes round such
pullies, which are situate respectively on the head of the ram and underneath the
hydraulic cylinder or base of the upright, and thence passes over the snatch or
guide pulley on the end of the cross beam to the traveller and block as before and
is fastened to the opposite end of the beam,

page_text: The traveller pullies are caused to travel along the cross beam when required by
a separate actuating chain which passes round a chain pulley in one of the uprights
and has its two ends secured to the carriage or frame of the traveller pullies.
The force pump, cistern, and valves for working the hydraulic ram are all
enclosed within the base of the upright so as to be completely protected from
injury.
A NEW OR IMPROVED IMPLEMENT FOR CULTIVATING THE LAND
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Connell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th September 1876. A communication
from abroad by Levi Cossitt, residing at Guelph, in the County of Wellington,
Ontario.
JOSEPH CONNELL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. "A
NEW OR IMPROVED IMPLEMENT FOR CULTIVATING THE LAND." A communication
from abroad by Levi Cossitt, residing at Guelph, in the County of Wellington,
Ontario.
This Invention which relates to a new or improved implement to be used for
cultivating the land consists of a horizontal framing carried upon two wheels; this
framing has handles at one end for guiding it after the manner of ordinary plough
handles. On the upper part of the framing a lever is mounted, and this lever is
connected by links and intermediate levers to cranks on the axles or shafts upon
which the wheels are carried, so that by varying the angular position of the lever
first mentioned the body of the implement is raised or lowered relatively with the
surface of the ground.
A quadrantal notched rack is also provided for the purpose of fixing the lever
first mentioned, and therefore the framing and connected parts of the implement at
any required level.
An important feature of the implement constituting this Invention is the
arrangement whereby the foot to which each ploughshare and mould board is
attached is held to or carried in the framing, and this consists in constructing the
framing of bars so put together that oblong parallel holes in a vertical position are
left in it at the required places. Into these holes the upper part of each foot is
passed and a shoulder formed on each foot rests or bears against the under side of
the framing so that when the screws which pass through the framing are tightened
each foot is firmly held therein.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thornton, Joseph Thornton, Albert
Thornton, and William Fenton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 13th May 1876.
JOHN THORNTON, JOSEPH THORNTON, and ALDERT THORNTON, all of Cleckheaton,
in the County of York, Machine Makers, and WILLIAM FENTON, of Hightown,
near Cleckheaton, in the County aforesaid, Commercial Traveller. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES."
The object of this Invention is to provide by the use of an improved com-
bination of mechanism a ready means of regulating the "drag" on the bobbin and
yarn, for which purpose we utilize the rotation of the flyer spindles, so as to
transmit rotation to a drag cylinder. According to this our Invention, in addition
to the ordinary wharl on the flyer spindles we employ a boss, a key on which enters
a key bed cut longitudinally in the spindle.
On the boss is a washer, and a loose wharl or grooved pulley, the bobbin resting
on the latter, and by which the bobbin is driven. From cach of these wharls or
grooved pulleys is a driving band, which passes round and actuates a tin cylinder
or roller; this we term the "drag roller;" a break or retarding action obtained by
means of a blade spring and adjusting unscrew, or by a weight or weights is applied
to this drag roller, and it will be seen that just as the drag roller is retarded so will
the wharles on which the bobbins rest have more or less power of rotation and the
yarn being wound on the bobbins will be subject to more or less diag. The drag
will be varied as the bobbins fill, and increase in diameter by means of a screw and
star wheel motion, which will act upon and regulate the break of the drag roller.
AN IMPROVED ROLLER SKATE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Graham Bennett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1876.
FRANCIS GRAHAM BENNETT, of 63, Middle Street, Brighton, in the County of
Sussex. "AN IMPROVED ROLLER SKATE."
The object of this Invention is the construction of a cheap and simple roller skate,
and which shall be little liable to get out of order, at the same time allowing the
skater to perform all the usual evolutions without it being necessary to tilt the
footboard of the skate sideways.
To carry out my Invention, I employ the usual footboard, and under the toe and
hecl ends of the same, I mount one or more rollers in fixed bearings. At or near the
centre of the underside of the footboard, I fix a vertical pivot, or perch bolt, on
which can turn a bracket or bearing carrying a pair of rollers of larger diameter than
the rollers at the toe and heel ends of the skate.
This improved construction of skate enables the skater to turn sharp curves by
merely resting on the central pair of rollers, which can turn in either direction and
also allows of moving backwards and forwards with great facility.
One of the advantages of this improved construction of skate is, that no springs
are required in connection with the rollers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS FOR LOOMS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hinchliffe Scholes and James
Chaffer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1870.
JOHN HINCHLIFFE SCHOLES and JAMES CHAFFER, both of Leeds, in the County
of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS FOR LOOMS."
The metal carriage may be of ordinary construction and provided with a box or
boss also of ordinary construction.
Hitherto when metal carriages have been employed the box or boss has been
filled with india-rubber or other composition, which soon becomes wasted or worn
by the action of the tip of the shuttle. In our arrangement we dispense with
india-rubber or the compositions hitherto employed, and fill the box or boss with
hide which receives the tip of the shuttle; this can be readily changed when
required, and lasts much longer than the india-rubber or composition. A very
small quantity of hide is required for each picker.
We cause the carriage to work on one spindle instead of two as heretofore. The
picker by this arrangement is made to act with considerably more force on the
shuttle, and the friction on the tappets and other parts of the loom is reduced.
In order to prevent the twist which is given to the strap which connects the
"pickerstick" to the "picker," and causes by its constant bending to be frequently
broken, we by preference place the stud whereby the attachment is made in such
an angular position on the carriage that it is not necessary for the strap which
connects the arm or "pickerstick" to the "picker" to be twisted.
Our improvements require no alteration in the loom and is applicable to all
loons.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF PAINT
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cristofero Muratori at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1876.
CRISTOFERO MURATORI, of Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, Chomist. " A
NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF PAINT.”
My Invention consists in employing steatite or talc in the manufacture of paints
or pigments employed for various purposes.
In manufacturing paint according to my Invention I take the steatite or tale and
purify it as much as possible, I then reduce it to powder, and I mix it with gluo,
oil, varnish, and ordinary colouring matters in proportions varying according to the
coloured paint 1 desire to produce, and the purpose to which the latter is to be
applied.
•
By the use of steatite or talc in the manufacture of paints or pigments as above
described I effect a great economy, and the paint produced possesses great resisting
powers and flexibility.
My paint when applied to paper especially gives to it great flexibility and
capability of receiving and retaining impressions, so as to enable it to be employed
with greater advantage for decorative purposes and as a substitute for leather.
A NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING TELEGRAPHIC MESSAGES AT A VERY RAPID RATE, PRINTED IN BOLD TYPE LETTERS, AND THE APPLIANCES THEREFOR
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward George Burton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1876.
EDWARD GEORGE BURTON, residing at "The Cottage," Citizen Rd., Holloway,
London, N. "A NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING TELEGRAPHIC MESSAGES AT A
VERY RAPID RATE, PRINTED IN BOLD TYPE LETTERS, AND THE APPLIANCES
THEREFOR."
Firstly. Two trains of clockwork (one at each end of the wire) are accurately
regulated, one by the other, by means of one of two duplex electric currents (the other
current being used to produce the required signals) by which arrangement the speed
of sending is under the perfect control of the receiving station. The difficulty
hitherto encountered, viz., the impossibility of getting two trains of clockwork to
keep exact time is thus overcome.
Secondly. Two distinct and powerful electric motions are obtained without the
aid of a relay, by the current neutralizing the magnetism in one pair of coils, and
strengthening the same in another pair, the magnetism being induced in the two
pairs of coils by two permanent bar magnets.
Thirdly. The paper roller is shifted from the letter wheel to the figure wheel.
(two type wheels are employed, one for letters and one for figures), and replaced by
the reverse current.
Fourthly. Both stations send to the line exactly the same number of currents
and of equal duration at the same time, thus keeping up a regular potential in the
cable.
Fifthly. Only one hole is required to be punched in the sending, slip for each
letter, which holes are made by 27 moveable pins arranged round a small cylinder,
which (when brought from their position of rest by the finger keys) perforate
the paper as the cylinder revolves, which arrangement admits of the full exercise
of the manipulator's alacrity, and renders the waste of a revolution of the type
wheel impossible.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WASHING BOTTLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Gaskill at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, on the 4th January 1876.
PETER GASKILL, of 61, Stafford Street, Birmingham, Pewterer. " IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR WASHING BOTTLES."
This Invention consists of an easy and expeditious mode of washing the out and
inside of bottles.
I first place the bottles in order in a trough containing warm or other water in
which an endless screw is made to rotate from end to end; while doing so the
endless screw conducts the bottles along the trough filling them with water and
effectually soaking them, and by means of a brush or piece of cloth fixed or
fastened on the screw blades brushes or rubs the outside clean, afterwards
emptying them and raising them so that they may be shotted or charged with
small matters that may give friction when washing the insides. The bottles are
then taken and secured in a box or frame and placed on a frame which is actuated
by a cam action, giving the bottles a vertical motion or nearly so, removing the
dirt or sediment attached to the insides. The bottles are then passed off by means
of an iron rail, emptied, filled again with clean water, and swilled or rinced off.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF COLOURS OR PIGMENTS WHICH BY VITRIFICATION ARE RENDERED PERMANENT."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1876. A communication
from abroad by Robert Jean Philippe Van der Haeghen Limelette, of Brussels,
in the Kingdom of Belgium.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF
COLOURS OR PIGMENTS WHICH BY VITRIFICATION ARE RENDERED PERMANENT."
This Invention relates first to the preparation of a black enamel to be used in
ornamenting glass, and is intended to be applied more particularly to the formation
of letters, patterns, and designs upon glass for various purposes.
The black enamel is composed of one part of manganese mixed with one part
of umber, and to these two substances when mixed are added ten parts of a flux
consisting of one part of silex or gum flints, and three parts of minium.
The silex is prepared by taking gun flints and heating them in a fire-clay
crucible to a white heat, after which they are thrown into cold water. When cool
they are withdrawn, dried, and crushed, and passed through a silk sieve, and the
fino silex is then washed or treated with an acid.
The uber is prepared by roasting the earth on plates of iron placed over the fire
where it is allowed to remain until it becomes of a greenish brown.
In order to prepare flake white or dead white, take one part of the bones of
sheeps' feet calcined, and three parts of the siliceous flux; it will only be necessary
to well mix the ingredients.
The vitrification is effected in the ordinary muffles used in the arts by glass
painters and stainers and therefore need not be described.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE LUBRICATION OF THE BEARING SURFACES OF WHEELS AND AXLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Woodall at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th September 1876.
SAMUEL WOODALL, of the Windmill End Works, Dudley, in the County of
Worcester. "IMPROVED MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE LUBRICATION OF THE BEARING
SURFACES OF WHEELS AND AXLES."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in effecting the lubrication of
wheels and axles at their " bearing" surfaces, the Invention being especially
applicable in effecting the lubrication of the wheels and axles of colliery wagons,
corves, or tubs.
The Invention has for its especial objects, the prevention of waste of the grease,
oil, or lubricating material; the effecting a considerable saving of time and labor in
supplying the lubricating material to the wheels, and the ensuring that the entire
"bearing" surface of the wheels and axles shall be effectively lubricated.
In carrying this Invention into practice I cast between any two spokes of the
wheel a box or receptacle for the lubricating material
In using oil as the lubricant I supply it to the box through a tapped side hole
which is afterwards closed by a screwed pin, the oil obtaining access to the said
"bearing" surface through a hole made through the boss of the wheel, a pin working
loosely in the hole and preventing the too rapid passage of the oil.
In using grease as the lubricant I supply it to the box (which I make of a less
height than when using oil) through an opening in the top, which is then closed by
a piece of narrow hoop iron curved to work in grooves cast on opposite sides of the
opening of the box, the grease obtaining access to the said “ bearing" surface
through a small passage made through the boss of the wheel. The axles on which
these wheels work are made fast to the buffers or feet by a staple bolt encircling the
lower side of the axle, and going up through the buffer and bottom plate of the tub,.
where it is secured by two nuts. The axle is prevented from wearing into the
buffer by a small wrought-iron bearing plate kept in position by the staple bolt.
Either the wheel only or this attachment of axle may be fitted to the wagons
separately. The advantages gained by adopting this attachment are, that the usual
cast-iron pedestal is not required, and the amount of friction is considerably
reduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING YARNS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Pollard and Samuel Bramwell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1876.
⚫ WILLIAM POLLARD and SAMUEL BRAMWELL, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING YARNS."
Our Invention relatos to the doubling machines employed in the manufacturo of
thread or in the twisting together of two or more yarns. In such machines the
yarns to be doubled or twisted together are drawn from the bobbins upon which
they have been wound by means of revolving rollers. When the said yains break
between the said rollers and the flyer the said rollers continuing to revolve fced
forwards a length of yarn which usually becomes wound upon the upper or lower
roller and has to be cut off before the ends can be pieced and a waste of yarn is
thereby occasioned.
"
The object of our Invention is to prevent or to lessen this wasto, and this wo
accomplish by causing the top roller to be raised when the yarns break.
According to one arrangement a weighted lever frame is arranged to swivel upon
the cap bar which keeps the top roller in position, and the said frame is forined
with a projecting arm, the extremity of which is formed with a fork or eye through
which the arms pass to the flyer. Short arms on the said frame pass below the
gudgeon of the top roller. The weight formed, or attached to, or hung upon the
lever frame tends to raise the said short arms and thereby to raise the top roller.
The tension of the arms by pressing back the lever frame prevents the said short
arms from rising. When the yarns break the weight is permitted to act and the
roller is raised from contact with the bottom roller, and as a consequence the supply
of yarn ceases.
In a modification of this arrangement the top roller is mounted in the said lever
frame and the gudgeons of the top roller work in bearings in the said short arms.
When so arranged we prefer to support the gudgeons of the said lever frame by
means of standards, one standard, by preference, supporting the meeting gudgeons
of two contiguous lever frames. This arrangement enables us to dispense with
the ordinary cap bar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gwynne at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1876.
JOHN GWYNNE, of the Firm of John and Henry Gwynne, of the Hammersmith
Iron Works, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS,"
This Invention of improvements in the manufacture of centrifugal pumps has for
its object to reduce the amount of work involved in the manufacture of centrifugal
pumps as ordinarily practised, and to enable such pumps to be produced not only
more rapidly but of much less weight, combined with greater strength than
centrifugal pumps manufactured in the ordinary way.
Heretofore in the manufacture of centrifugal pumps it has been usual to form the
pump casing with its suction and discharge passages of cast iron or cast brass. This
method of construction necessitates castings of a somewhat complicated character,
involving in their production a considerable amount of coring, which, as is well
known, entails a large amount of skilled manual labor and consequent expense,
besides occupying much time. To obviate these objections I construct the pump
casing with its inlet and discharge passages of plates of wrought iron or steel, or of
other wrought or rolled metal plates by means of pressure with dies in hydraulic or
other presses or stamping machines; the dies I shape and arrange to form by
pressure as aforesaid the casing and passages in parts or sections with flanges so
arranged as that each part or section of the casing and passages may be by its
flange secured to the section it is arranged to fit, suitable jointing being interposed
between the faces of the juxtaposed flanges, which I bolt, rivet, or braze together in
such manner as to make a water-tight joint.
I also make the rotating disc of the pump by pressure or stamping in parts of
steel or other wrought or rolled metal, fastening together the parts so produced.
By this method of construction I produce with rapidity centrifugal pumps of great
strength and lightness, offering especial advantages in use and for exportation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by Josiah Turner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1876.
JOSIAH TURNER, Manager of the Coventry Machinists' Company, Coventry, in
the County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES."
The Invention relates,--
Firstly. To an improvement in tho axles and bearings of velocipedo wheels, whereby
the axles will be strengthened and rendered less liable to be bent either by an ac-
cidental blow or from an unequal strain being put upon the same.
Secondly. To improvements in the fork spindle and its socket bearing, the object
being to ensure the free action of the spindle lever though the lubrication of the
same should be sometimes neglected.
The axle for both the front and hind wheel or wheels of a velocipede I form with
spherical projections, which fit into corresponding bearings, that are hinged to admit
the axle. The lower half of the bearings being cup-shaped will form a receptacle
for the lubricant which may be admitted to the bearings through a tapped hole
tint is closed by means of a screw plug. This spherical enlargement of the axle
will obviously materially strengthen it, and should any blow or strain to which the
axle may be subjected cause the bending of the same, it will not produce
any skew or strain of the bearings, or create any additional friction therein.
To prevent the fork spindle from firing and becoming fixed in its socket, I inter-
pose between the bearing surfaces of the socket and spindle antifriction rollers or
balls providing for the same grooves in the socket and in the shoulder of the
spindle.
The balls may be separated by intervening fixed pins projecting either from the
socket or the shoulder of the spindle. The spindle fork may be held in place by an
adjustable cone dropping over the top of the spindle and forming a cap to the upper
and coned end of the socket. This cone may be threaded to fit a screw thread
on the spindle, or it may be held down by a lock nut on the spindle.
In place of the antifriction balls and rollers I may form the spindle with a coned
shoulder, providing a corresponding bearing surface for the cone in the socket. A
groove is made at the base of the cone to receive the lubricant, and oil holes
are made in the socket above the cone for supplying oil to the bearing surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ACTUATING REGULATING VALVES FOR STEAM, WATER, GAS, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Elliott and Cuthbert
Burnett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th February
1876.
ARCHIBALD ELLIOTT, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham, Engineer,
and CUTHBERT BURNETT, of the same Place, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ACTUATING REGULATING VALVES FOR STEAM, WATER, GAS, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Our Invention relates to valves suitable for steam, water, gas, and other purposes,
and consists in certain improvements for facilitating the opening and shutting of
such valves. For this purpose we use a crank or eccentric in combination with an
ordinary mushroom or other suitable form of valve so arranged that the turning of
the crank or eccentric to a certain extent in one direction shall open the valve, and
the turning of it in the other direction shall shut it. The crank or eccentric is
connected with or forms a part of a spindle, which passes through a stuffing box,
and to which a hand wheel or lever handle may be fixed, by means of which the
valve may be opened or shut. We prefer to make the throw of the crank or
eccentric in excess of the travel of the valve, so that the valve may be opened
before the crank or eccentric has made half a revolution.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR chester, Stone Masons and Contractors. SAWING OR CUTTING STONE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua William Graham and Abraham
Graham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st July 1870.
JOSHUA WILLIAM GRAHAM and ABRAHAM GRAHAM, both of the City of Man-
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
chester, Stone Masons and Contractors.
SAWING OR CUTTING STONE."
This Invention relates to those descriptions of machinery for sawing or cutting
stone in which one or more reciprocating blades are employed carrying diamonds
which constitute the sawing or cutting medium, and consists in a novel method of
mounting and actuating such reciprocating blades so that the diamonds are only in
contact with the stono whilst actually cutting, and whereby the blades carrying
such diamonds are held in a more rigid manner and are therefore capable of more
accurate work.
In accordance with this Invention we employ a strong rectangular frame which
reciprocates or runs upon pulleys in suitable guides in an outer frame, and within
this frame we mount one or more metallic blades for carrying the diamond cutters
so as to be capable of being raised or lowered with respect to such frame in a per-
fectly parallel direction by a vertical screw at either end geared together in order
to adjust such blades to the thickness of the stone requiring to be cut, and which
screws also serve to feed the blades forward as the cutting operation proceeds.
We also employ a right and left-handed quick threaded screw at either end for the
purpose of raising the blades and cutters from contact with the groove being cut
in the stone during that portion of the stroke when the diamonds are not cutting.
These screws are actuated by star wheels fixed upon their upper extremities.
The stone requiring to be cut is carried by a carriage running upon rails which
are supported upon the outer framework, and the blades being adjusted to the
thickness of the stone the action of this machine is as follows:-The frume carrying
the blades being set in motion, either by hand or by being connected to any motive
power, as such frame approaches the end of its stroke the star wheels of the quick-
threaded screws herein-before mentioned come in contact with brackets or tappets
fixed upon the outer framework and thus a portion of a revolution is imparted to
Buch screws which has the effect of raising one end of the blade or blades and of
lowering the other end in equal proportion, so that by having two sets of diamonds
upon each blade half the set will be cutting whilst the blade is moving in one
direction and half when they are moving in the contrary directions, the other

page_text: diamonds meanwhile being raised from contact with the groove. It will be obvious
that if each blade is provided with diamonds along its whole length, and which are
required all to cut in the same direction, that then we modify the raising and
lowering mechanism so that the blades are raised in a perfectly parallel direction
along their whole length.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATING OF MINES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Waterhouse Roberts at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1876.
THOMAS WATERHOUSE ROBERTS, of Bramley, near Rotherham, in the County of
York, Farmer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATING OF MINES."
My Invention relates to the employment of improved means of ventilating
mincs.
In carrying out my Invention I propose to force either hot or cold air, or steam,
as may be found most desirable, through a pipe or flue, or other similar conduit of
any convenient size, diameter, or shape, inserted and opening into the ventilating
shaft of mines, for the purpose of increasing the draught, and improving the
ventilation.
The position in the ventilating shaft of the pipe, or fluc or other conduit may be
varied according to circumstances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DIGGING OR LIFTING POTATOES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Soutar Bisset at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1876.
THOMAS SOUTAR BISSET, of the Firm of J. Bisset and Sons, Agricultural Imple-
ment Makers, of Marlee, Blairgowrie, in the County of Perth, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DIGGING OR LIFTING POTATOES."
This Invention relates to improvements in potato diggers or lifters of the kind
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to John Hanson, and dated
30th July 1855, (No. 1732.)
The improved machine is made to operate much more efficiently, with less
violence in action, and less power to drive the operating parts, by placing the framing
at a lower level. The carrying wheels from which the parts are worked are
necessarily smaller, and to admit of their being so their axle is not geared directly
to the longitudinal digger shaft as in the old machine, but has on it a spur wheel
gearing with a pinion on an intermediate transverse shaft, and the intermediate
shaft has on it a bevel wheel in gear with the bevel pinion on the longitudinal
shaft.
A second improvement consists in placing small ploughs (not coulters) at the
forward part of the machine to pare the sides of the drill and reduce the quantity of
earth from which the potatoes have to be separated.
A third improvement, and probably the most important, is in the construction of
the revolving separator which is on the longitudinal shaft and at the back of the
machine, and which operating transversely on the drill after the shovel or horizontal
coulter has passed through it beneath the potatoes throws the potatoes out to one
side. A small wheel frame or centre part is fixed on the end of the shaft, and to
the rim of this frame there are attached a number of prongs, which starting from
the rim in radial directions are curved forwards and obliquely so that their ends
are in helical directions. The oblique or helical parts of the prongs act gradually
on the drill as the machine progresses along it and throw out the potatoes in a
comparatively gentle manner, and so that they are better separated from the earth
than heretofore.
The improved machine is further provided with a handled screw spindle, by
turning which the frame can be tilted to adjust the depth at which the shovel
works, whilst by a long lever the frame can be at once tilted sufficiently to lift the
Price 2d1

page_text: shovel quite above the ground when turning the machine at the headlands, or
when taking it along a road, and the same lever has fixed to it a bell-crank arm,
which at the same time lifts a small frame to which the paring ploughs are attached
so as to raise them above the ground.
NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATICALLY OPENING AND CLOSING TAPS, VALVES, VENTILATORS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Howard Blamires at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1876.
"
THOMAS HOWARD BLAMIRES, of Huddersfield, in the County of York. NEW
OR IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATICALLY OPENING AND CLOSING
TAPS, VALVES, VENTILATORS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
This Invention consists in enclosing within suitable apparatus mercury, water,
oil, alcohol, or other non-compressible fluid, or a combination thereof, which change
their volume according to temperature.
I propose to apply one or other of these fluids, or a combination thereof, as a
power for automatically controlling the flow or discharge or escape of hot or cold
water or other liquids, air, or gas, for the purpose of regulating the temperature of
various liquids or fluids, rooms, buildings, or conservatories, extinguishing fires, or
other purposes, which can be effected by the opening or closing of taps or valves.
And my apparatus may consist of a reservoir to contain the expansive and
contractive fluid terminating at one end in a cylinder, so that as the fluid expands
or contracts by the increase or decrease of heat it may be caused to act on a flexible
or elastic disc or plate of metal or other clastic substance fixed on the cylinder, or
within a curved pipe or tube, which is caused to straighten by the expansion or
curve by contraction of the fluids, in the same manner as the " Bourdon steam
gauge is effected by the increased or decreased pressure of steam, and thus to
actuate the lever or levers for opening and closing taps, valves, or ventilators.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL SCHOOL SLATES.
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hansmann at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1876.
JOSEPH HANSMANN, of No. 2, Weston Villas, St. John's Road, Croydon, in the
County of Surrey, Tailor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL
SCHOOL SLATES.'
Wood coated with a composition made of the following materials and quantities,
that is to say :-
7/16ths parts of pomicestone.
B
5/10th
th ditto of linseed oil.
16
1th ditto of turpentine.
11th ditto of lampblack.
1/2nd ditto of French chalk.
32
1/2nd ditto of whiting.
32
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF HAND TRUCK
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Robert Wright, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1870.
JOSEPH ROBERT WRIGHT, junior, Steel and Wire Manufacturer, of. Sheffield, in
the County of York. "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF HAND TRUCK."
This Invention relates to the kind of hand trucks which are employed by waro-
housemen and others for the conveyance of merchandise, packages, boxes, barrels,
kegs, &c. from one place to another; and its object is to render the lifting and
moving of the said goods, or similar, much easier than heretofore, and incans of
holding the same firmly on the truck, and my improvements consist,
-
Firstly. I hinge or attach to part of the truck a moveable clamp or holder which
is actuated on the pulling of the handle, and which is capable of adjustment
according to the size of goods to be lifted by the truck. This clamp is for the
purpose of pulling over the goods on to the truck when operated by the lever,
hereafter described, and also for holding the same firmly thereon; and I so arrango
it that it does not project so as to interfere with the attendant whatever the size of
the package, box, or goods on the truck.
Secondly. I form the truck to operate with a lover so as to enable the attendant
by pressure of his foot on a projection attached to the said. lever on the under sido
at the same time that he is pulling at the handle to lift the package, box, or other
goods on to the truck assisted by the clamp, as previously described.
By means of my improved construction of truck one man can lift and move
considerably heavier weights and larger packages than by the ordinary trucks
heretoforo employed.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING SPINDLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Platt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1876.
THOMAS PLATT, of Padfield, in the County of Derby, Gentleman.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING SPINDLES."
"IMPROVE-
My Invention is particularly applicable for lubricating the spindles of slubbing,
roving, and intermediate frames employed in the preparation of cotton and other
fibres, but it may be applied for lubricating other spindles.
The apparatus consists of a chamber containing tallow or other lubricant; this
chamber is formed in the upper part of the boss of the bevel pinion by which the
bobbin is driven; as the spindle revolves and the bolster rail moves up and down
upon it the lubricant is distributed on the spindle and on the boss on which
the bevel pinion revolves; by this means labour and lubricating material are
economised as the chambers only require to be supplied with tallow or other
lubricant once in several weeks.