IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILWAY WHEELS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILWAY WHEELS."-A communication
from abroad by Cornelius Kingsland, of MoKeesport, in the County of
Allegheny, in the United States of America.
Sealed the 25th February 1868, and dated the 28th September 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th September 1867.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILWAY WHEELS," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Cornelius Kingsland, of McKeesport, in the
County of Allegheny, in the United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of "chilled" railway wheels, and
has for its object the avoiding the danger of fracture arising from the great
strain or tension in the metal produced by the cooling of the periphery of tho
wheel after casting.
According to this Invention it is proposed to cut away or remove a portion
of the "chill" under the flange of the wheel, so that in moulding and casting

page_text: the outer part of the flange will rest on sand, and thereby cause the flange of
the wheel in casting to have a full and perfect edge. The "chill" is
provided with a number of internal recesses, in which are placed cores which
form recesses in the rim of the wheel; these recesses in the wheel are filled
"up by driving roughened or file cut pieces of steel therein, or by melting and
pouring therein hard metal, or they may be otherwise filled up.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing (late the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Henry Johnson, Her special licence, that I, the said John Henry Johnson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF RAILWAY WHEELS," a communication to me from abroad by
Cornelius Kingsland, of McKeesport, in the County of Allegheny, in the
United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Henry Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
'to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Offico within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following

page_text: statement, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon; that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to the manufacture of "chilled" railway wheels,
and has for its object the avoiding the danger of fracture arising from the
great strain or tension in the metal produced by the cooling of the periphery
of the wheel after casting..
According to this Invention it is proposed to cut away or remove a portion
of the "chill" under the flange of the wheel, so that in moulding and casting
the outer part of the flange will rest on sand and thereby cause the flange of
the wheel in casting to have a full and perfect edge. The "chill" is provided
with a number of internal recesses in which are placed cores which form
recesses in the rim of the wheel; these recesses in the wheel are filled up by
driving roughened or file cut pieces of steel therein, or by melting and pouring
therein hard metal, or they may be otherwise filled up.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall
refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same
letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a side elevation of the improved railway wheel;
Figure 2 is a corresponding edge view of the same; Figure 3 is a top plan
view of the "chill" in which the improved wheel is cast, and Figure 4
represents a transverse section of the wheel and its "chill."
In carrying out this Invention the wheel and its "chill" may be of any
known or suitable form, but a portion of the "chill" A underneath the flange
✗ of the wheel is cut away (see Figure 4) in order that when moulding and
casting the outer part of the flange may rest directly upon sand, whereby the
said flange will in casting have a full and perfect edge. A number of recesses o
are made in the "chill," and in these recesses are placed cores which form
the dovetailed recesses in the wheel B; these recesses in the wheel are
filled up subsequently by driving therein roughened or file cut pieces of steel
previously hardened; or they may be filled with hard metal introduced
tberein in a melted state, or other means of filling may be adopted, as I do
not confine or restrict myself to any special mode of filling up the said recesses,
neither do I limit their number or form.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
affect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-

page_text: before in part recited Letters Patent is, the peculiar mode or method of
constructing railway wheels as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.s.)