IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Barthelemy Donnet, of Paris, in the Republic
of France, Mechanician, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 16th January 1874, and dated the 28th July 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Barthelemy Donnet at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th July 1878.
I, BARTHELEMY. DONNET, of Paris, in the Republic of France,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS, IN. LOOMS. FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to looms for weaving plain, striped, and figured
fabrics.
According to my Invention the batten, the shuttle, and the healds
are worked by.cams. The contrivances for actuating the healds and
the other driving contrivances are so arranged and disposed as to leave
the upper part of the loom clear or free from obstructions, so that the
workman can inspect the work as it proceeds. The parts are so driven
and regulated that the loom may be worked with sufficient speed to
obtain twice the work usually produced in the same time.

page_text: A number of looms with independent battens and shuttles may be
mounted in the same framework, so contrived so that any one loom
may be stopped or mended without interfering with the others. Also
either a plain, or striped, or a figured fabric may be made on the
same loom; in the latter case the plain healds and the driving
appliances are removed and a jacquard or figuring apparatus with its
appurtenances is substituted. The batten and picker are connected so
that a plain batten loom or loom for plain or striped weaving may be
converted into a figured batten loom. I have also an improved tension
regulator or temple.
In one arrangement for carrying out the Invention a main driving
shaft is placed at the lower part of the machine (or even beneath the
flooring), and from this shaft motion is communicated by a clutch pulley
to cams which work the healds for plain or striped weaving, through
levers, arms, or connections at the bottom of the healds, attached
thereto by straps. The upper part of the framework is thus left clear,
and the workman's view of the work is not obstructed. The healds are
preferably metal frames. The pulley, which can be thrown into and
out of gear as desired also works a cam shaft, which actuates arms or
levers which drive the shuttle; and the wheel also works a slotted
plate or cam plate which works the batten. The levers or arms which
work the shuttle are mounted at one end on a shaft, and are connected
at the other end to straps, or the like, which work the shuttle; one
batten may be used with two or more shuttles, and the mechanical
means of driving the shuttles may be varied. The batten is jointed
to the lower part of the framework, and worked by a lever or arm by
means of a fork.
My improved temple or tension apparatus for keeping the work or
web duly stretched consists of a tension drum worked by the spindle of
the above named slotted plate or cam plate through gearing, for which
pinions and worms are preferred.
To produce figured fabrics with a jacquard I remove the healds, above
described, with their driving gear, which is so arranged that it can be
removed, and I fit to the machine a jacquard, with its weights and
cords. I place on the cam shaft a cam plate or slotted plate, which
works a jointed arm or lever which actuates the jacquard.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Barthelemy Donnet in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th January 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BARTHELEMY
6 DONNET, of Paris, in the Republic of France, Mechanician, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
5 seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Barthelemy Donnet, Her special
license, that I, the said Barthelemy Donnet, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Barthelemy Donnet,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
5 with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst
O others) that I, the said Barthelemy Donnet, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal.
3 Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Barthelemy. Donnet, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say :-
My Invention relates to looms for weaving plain, striped, and figured
fabrics, especially ribbons and such like narrow fabrics,
The batten, the shuttle, and the healds are worked by cams. The
contrivances for actuating the healds and the other driving contrivances

page_text: are so arranged and disposed as to leave the upper part of the loom
clear, or free from obstructions, so that the workman can inspect
the work as it proceeds. The parts are so driven and regulated that
the loom may be actuated with sufficient speed to obtain twice the
work usually produced in the same time.
A number of looms with independent battens and shuttles may be
mounted in the same framework, so contrived that any one loom may
be stopped or repaired without interference with the others. Also
either a plain, or striped, or figured fabric may be made on the same
loom. In the latter case the plain healds and the driving appliances
are removed and a jacquard or figuring apparatus with its appurtenances
is substituted. The batten and picker are connected so that a plain
batten loom, or loom for plain or striped weaving may be converted
into a figured batten loom. I have also an improved tension regulator
or temple.
In one arrangement for carrying out the Invention a main driving
shaft is placed at the lower part of the machine, (or even beneath the
flooring of the workroom), and from this shaft motion is communicated
by a clutch pulley to cams which work the healds for plain or striped
weaving through levers, arms, or connections at the bottom of the
healds attached thereto by straps. The upper part of the framework
is thus left clear and the workman's view of the work is not
obstructed. The healds are preferably metal frames. The pulley, which
can be thrown into and out of gear as desired also works a cam shaft,
which actuates arms or levers which drive the shuttle; and the wheel
also works a slotted plate or cam plate, which works the batten. "The
levers or arms which work the shuttle are mounted at one end on a
shaft, and are connected at the other end with straps, or the like, which
work the shuttle. One batten may be used with two or more shuttles,
and the mechanical means of driving the shuttles may be varied. · The
batten is jointed to the lower part of the framework, and worked by a
lever or arm by means of a fork.
My improved temple or tension apparatus for keeping the work or
web duly stretched consists of a tension drum worked by the spindle
of the above named slotted plate or cam plate, through gearing, for
which pinions and worms are preferred.
To produce figured fabrics with a jacquard I remove the healds, above
described, with their driving gear, which is so arranged that it can be

page_text: removed, and I fit to the machine a jacquard, with its weights and
cords. I place on the can shaft a cam plate or slotted plate, which
works a jointed arm or lever, which actuates the jacquard.
The accompanying Drawings exemplify a loom constructed according
to my Invention.
Figure 1 is an elevation and Figure 2 a plan of this loom.
A is a driving shaft, supported in bearings, and revolving at the
lower part of the framework, or it may be placed and revolve below
the floor of the weaving room, so that in either case the upper part of
the loom is left free and clear from the driving arrangements; B are
wheels or pulleys on the shaft A, which communicate rotary motion by
friction or otherwise to a wheel or pulley O. This wheel or pulley is
raised out of action when it is desired to stop the loom by means of
a disengaging clutch shaft D, which terminates at one end in an
eccentric stud, which raises a rod E, and hence a lever or arm F', which
works on a centre G and carries the wheel C. On the axis of the
wheel O is mounted a wheel or pinion G³ in gear with a toothed wheel H
keyed on an axis I, which carries cams L, I, I, I³, which actuate
the treadles or lifting bars M, M², M², M³, of the healds N. The healds
are thus kept entirely clear at their upper part from the arrangements
which actuate them, or any such obstructions. The healds or headles
have metal frames connected by a metal arm or fork, with straps
passing over rollers 0, 0³, 0%, and connected at bottom with the treadles
or lifting bars, so that when any one of these bars is depressed the
corresponding healds will be lowered and raised as required. The
toothed wheel Ḥ works a wheel P on a shaft Q, on which are also
keyed the cams R of the levers or bars 8, which act as shuttle drivers
or pickers. The stotted plate T, which works the arm or lever U of the.
batten V, is also mounted on this shaft. The two levers or pickers 8,
which act as shuttle drivers, are fitted at one end on the shaft Z, and
they are connected at the other end with straps W, which drive the
shuttle in the ordinary manner. Evidently I can sometimes, if I so
prefer, employ a batten with several shuttles. The batten V is jointed
at a to the lower part of the framework Y, and it is worked by meams
of the lever U, through the fork b.
"
ant in need on a tamule A

page_text: tension. On the axis of the plate T I mount a small pinion or chain
wheel, which actuates the pinion or chain wheel d by means of a chain.
The chain wheel & works pinions e, f. The axis of the pinion supports
a worm or endless screw i, which actuates the driving pinion of the
cylinder or work beam K, on which the weaving is wound as fast as
produced, as illustrated in Figure 1.
"
This apparatus works with great precision and gives a regular tension,
whatever be the speed at which the loom is working.
The fabric made on the loom arranged as I have just described in
reference to the Drawings is a plain or striped fabric, known as 1
"tambour”in France.
To produce a figured fabric on this loom a jacquard is used, and in
this case I dispense with the arrangements for driving the healds
shewn in the Drawings, and I use instead thereof the cords and weights
of the jacquard. And I key on the axis I, in front of the toothed
wheel H, a slotted plate g, Figures 3 and 4, which works the lever h;
one end of which is jointed or centred in a support or socket fixed to
the framework, and the other end is connected with a rod m, which is
in connection with the jacquard mechanism.
It is evident from the Drawings and description that I can combine 2
two or more looms, constructed as above described, in one general frame-
work, and with the same driving power, but each loom having a
separate batten.
All the upper part of the loom is left clear of driving gear, so that
the weaver may proceed with his work readily. He can produce on 2
the same loom plain fabrics and figured fabrics. He can stop and
remove any one of the looms for inspection or repair without interrupting
the working of the others.
The Invention is especially applicable to the production of ribbons.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what's
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,—
First. The improved loom herein-before described in respect of the
general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the same,
substantially as herein-before described and represented in the accom-
panying Drawings.
3

page_text: Second. The herein-before described arrangement of apparatus for
working the healds or heddles so as to leave the upper part of the loom
clear or unobstructed.
"
Third. The mode of combining the batten and the shuttle driver or
picker in regard of their arrangement and action so that the same loom
may be readily used for plain fabrio battens and for figured fabric battens,
as herein described.
Fourth. The improved temple or tension regulator, having its parts
constructed, arranged, combined, and worked, as herein-before described,
whereby regular continuous tension is obtained.
Fifth. The combination of jacquard apparatus with the loom for
producing fabrics, substantially as described.
In witness wherof, I, the said Barthelemy Donnet, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
C. ANSART.
B. DONNET. (L.S.)