AN IMPROVEMENT IN OR ADDI- TION TO TOBACCO PIPES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMENTATION OF TOBACCO PIPES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Southorn, of Broseley, in the County of
Salop, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN OR ADDI-
TION TO TOBACCO PIPES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND
ORNAMENTATION OF TOBACCO PIPES."
Sealed the 21st August 1860, and dated the 28th April 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Southorn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
April 1860.
I, EDWIN SOUTHORN, of Broseley, in the County of Salop, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
OR ADDITION TO TOBACCO PIPES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND
ORNAMENTATION OF TOBACCO PIPES," to be as follows:-
My improvement in or addition to tobacco pipes consists of a tube of glass
or other solid made to surround the pipe, at or near its middle by preference.
The said tube is fixed to the pipe by collars of india-rubber or other elastic
substance fixed in the ends of the said tube through holes, in which said
collars the pipe passes. The space between the pipe and the tube is filled or
partly filled with water introduced at an opening near the top of the tube. I
prefer to make the said tube six or eight inches long, but do not limit myself
thereto. In using a tobacco pipe provided with my Invention, the smoke by
passing over the portion of the pipe cooled by the water is deprived of the
volatile matter it contains, which is absorbed by the porous clay of the pipe.

page_text: stem, and dissolved in part by the water. The tobacco smokes much milder
and cooler by the use of my Invention.
My improvement in the manufacture of tobacco pipes consists in coating the
exterior of tobacco pipes after they have been burned with a solution of soluble
glass. I apply the solution by means of a sponge or brush. The said solution
produces a glazed surface on the pipes.
My improvement in ornamenting tobacco pipes consists in the production
of designs, inscriptions, or devices upon tobacco pipes in the following
manner: Before the pipes are burnt, that is, while they are in their clay
state, I transfer thereto the design, inscription, or device printed on tissue
paper with suitable colouring matter, as herein-after explained. I effect tho
said transfer by moistening the pipes with water, applying the design thereto,
and rubbing or burnishing it thereon. The paper is removed leaving the
colouring matter upon the pipes. The said pipes are then burned in the usual
manner, by which the design is indelibly fixed thereon. The principal colours
I employ are blue, brown, and black. For blue the design, inscription, or
device is printed with a mixture of six parts of black oxide of cobalt, one part
of nitrate of soda mixed with oil. For brown, I employ peroxide of iron, and
for black, oxide of manganese. For other colours I use the metallic oxides or
other colouring matters which produce the desired tint.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edwin Southorn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th October 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
SOUTHORN, of Broseley, in the County of Salop, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edwin Southorn, Her special licence that I, the said Edwin Southorn,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edwin
Southorn, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel.
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN OR ADDI-

page_text: TION TO TOBACCO PIPES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMEN-
TATION OF TOBACCO PIPES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edwin Southorn, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the naturo of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Southorn, do hereby declaro the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
My improvement in or addition to tobacco pipes consists of a tube of glass
or other solid made to surround the stem of the pipe, by preference at or near
its middle. The said tube is fixed to the pipe by collars or discs of india-
rubber or other elastic substance secured in the ends of the said tube through
holes, in which collars the stem of the pipo passes. The space between the
stem of the pipe and the said tube is filled or partly filled with water or
other fluid.
The accompanying Drawing illustrates this part of my Invention; Figure 1
representing in elevation a tobacco pipe with my Invention applied thereto;
Figure 2, an elevation of a portion of the same, on a larger scale; Figure 3, a
longitudinal vertical section of Figure 2; and Figure 4, transverse section of
the same. a is the tube of glass or other material surrounding the stem b
of the pipe; c, c, are the clastic collars or discs fitting into and closing the
ends of the said tube a. A hole is made in the axis of each of the said collars
c, c, through which the pipe stem 6 passes, as best seen in the section, Figure 3.
The water is supplied to the tube a through the neck d, on the top of the
tube a.
After filling the said tube the neck d may be closed by a plug or
stopper, as represented in Figures 1, 2, and 4, or the said neck may be
left open.
In using a tobacco pipe provided with my Invention; the smoke by passing
over or along the stem of the pipo (the porous clay of which it is composed
being saturated with and cooled by the water surrounding it) is deprived of
the volatile matter it contains, which is condensed and partly absorbed by the
porous clay of the pipe, and partly dissolved by the water in the tube. By the
use of my Invention the tobacco smokes much milder and cooler, and is un-
attended by any injurious effects. A part or the whole of that portion of tho
surface of the stem surrounded by the tube a may be pricked or made with

page_text: small holes, so as to facilitate the dissolution of the condensed volatile matter
absorbed into the clay of the pipe. Although I prefer to place the tube a
about the middle of the stem of the pipe, as represented in the Drawing, yet
the said tube may be placed nearer to or further from the bowl of the pipe
with the same or nearly the same effect. I prefer to make the said tube a
six or eight inches long and about half an inch in diameter, but do not limit
myself thereto; and instead of a cylindrical figure the said tube may have a
polygonal, bulbous, or other figure given to it, and ornamented in any desired
manner. This part of my Invention may be applied to clay pipes of all sizes
and shapes.
My improvement in the manufacture of tobacco pipes consists in coating
the exterior of tobacco pipes after they have been burned with a solution of
soluble glass. The said soluble glass consists of silicate of potash or soda, with
such excess of potash or soda as renders the compound soluble in water. The
said solution of soluble glass is applied to the exterior surface of the pipes by
means of a sponge or brush, and allowed to dry thereon.
produces a glazed surface on the pipes, which is not affected
The said solution
damp.
My improvement in ornamenting tobacco pipes consists in the production
of designs, inscriptions, or devices upon tobacco pipes in the following
manner: I manufacture the said pipes in the ordinary way, but before they
are burnt, that is, while they are in their clay or plastic state, I transfer to the
said pipes the design, inscription, or device with which I wish to ornament the
said pipes; I print the said design, inscription, or device from a copper-plate,
wood block, lithographic stone, or other suitable printing surface on to tissue
or transfer paper, the said printing surface being supplied with the required
coloring matter, as herein-after explained. I transfer the design, inscription,
or device printed on tissue paper by moistening with water the bowl or other
portion of the pipe required to be ornamented, and applying the design,
inscription, or device thereto, and rubbing or burnishing it thereon; the transfer
paper is removed, leaving the colored design, inscription, or device upon the
pipes; the said pipes are then burned in the usual manner, by which the
design, inscription, or device is indelibly fixed thereon. The principal colors I
employ are blue, brown, black, and green. For blue, the design, inscription,
or device is printed with a mixture of six parts by weight of black oxide of
cobalt, and one part of nitrate of soda mixed with oil. For brown, I employ
peroxide of iron; for black, oxide of manganese; and for green, oxide of
chromium. For other colors I use the metallic oxides, or other coloring
matters, which produce the desired tint. In every case the colors are mixed
with oil.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I claim as my
Invention,-
Firstly, the improvement in or addition to tobacco pipes, herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly, the improvement in the manufacture of tobacco pipes, herein-
before described, that is to say, coating the exterior surface of tobacco pipes
after they have been burned with a solution of soluble glass, so as to give
the said pipes a glazed surface.
Thirdly, the improvement in ornamenting tobacco pipes herein-before
described, that is to say, ornamenting tobacco pipes by transferring thereto,
while they are in their clay or unburnt state, designs, inscriptions, or devices
printed on tissue or transfer paper; the said designs, inscriptions, or devices
being indelibly fixed on the said pipes by the usual burning process.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Southorn, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
JOHN HARVEY,
Broseley, Salop.
EDWIN SOUTHORN. (L.s.)