IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to. Matthew Andrew Muir, of Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Machinist, and James McIlwham, of the same
Place, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD."
Sealed the 12th February 1864, and dated the 10th September 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Andrew Muir
and James McIlwham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 10th September 1863.
We, MATTHEW ANDREW MUIR, of Glasgow,in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Machinist, and JAMES MILWHAM, of the same Place, Machinist,
do hereby declare, the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD," to be as follows,
I
that is to say
This Invention relates to certain improved arrangements of machinery,
apparatus, or means to be used for winding yarns or thread in either the
"cop" or "pirn".form, as required in different branches of textile manu-
factures, and this Invention is partially based upon or refers more or less to
an Invention for which British Letters Patent were granted to William
Robertson and James Guthrie Orchar, Machinists, both of Dundee, for
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Winding Yarns or Thread,"
on or about the 2nd day of December 1858, and numbered 2757; one main
Price Rd

page_text: object of the said Invention being to render the drag upon the yarn or thread
perfectly uniform whilst it is being wound either from the reel holder or
spinning bobbin on to the "cop" or "pirn" in conical form, the spindle
movement being uniform. Another main object of the said Invention being
the extreme simplification of the details of such machinery combined with a
greatly superior working result as compared with the existing arrangements.
According to one practical and tried modification of this improved machinery
the main fixed framing is of a long rectangular form, and is fitted with
bearings to carry a horizontal longitudinal shaft disposed so as to coincide or
nearly so with the longitudinal centre of the framing. It is from this shaft
that the whole of the necessary winding movements, with the exception of the
actual driving of the spindles are derived. This shaft carries a number of
eccentrics, differential cams,or "hearts," which operate through the medium
of suitable connections upon a transverse bar or set of bars, to give motion to
a bell-crank lever working in concert with each winding spindle. This bell-
crank lever has on its end thenecessary guiding eye or finger, through which
the yarn to be wound passes from the holding reel to the spindle. The
building cone is in this case stationary, and the "heart" or cam action herein-
before described lays the yarn upon the spindle in the required "pirn "form,
whilst the spindle descends in accordance with the building movement, a
counterweight over a pulley is employed to hold the pirn up against the cone,
so as to build the yarn on the pirn to the required hardness; orinstead of this
counterweight action a weighted lever can be adopted for the purpose of
producing a similar result, the acting weight upon the lever being adjustable to
suit the amount of counterpoise actually required; or the spindle may be
arranged to be stationary as regards its vertical action, whilst the building
cone rises and falls in the same way as described in Robertson and Orchar's
Patent, already referred to.
According to another modification the guide finger for the winding-on of
the yarn is arranged in another way. In this case a horizontal shaft is carried
along each line of spindles in stationary bracket bearings. It is this shaft
which works the entire series of guide fingers, the connection between the
shaft and the actual guide finger being through the medium of a stop catch,
so that whilst the guide connection is perfect during the actual winding action
the attendant can disengage the necessary parts for doffing without difficulty
or without interfering with the rest of the details. To allow for the varying
rate of drag upon the yarn or thread as it would be taken from the reel with
the uniform spindle movement a vibrating guide lever worked from the same
main shaft is employed, and this lever is set so that its effective varying

page_text: leverage compensates accurately for the differential winding-on due to the
conical form of the pirn or cop. A crank, cam, or heart action from the main
shaft exactly meets the requirements of the case, because each increment of
movement of the crank represents an equally varying winding-up power of the
pirn or spindle. In this way the drag upon the yarn is kept constantly
uniform. And in order to make the winding-on action perfect with the least
possible traverse given to the compensating lever, the thread finger traverse
and the compensating lever traverse are set so that the build action of the
cone proceeds upon an assumed central or neutralline, the thread finger being
always at the centre of its traverse or assumed central line while the com-
pensating lever is at either extreme of its traverse. In this way. the com-
pensating lever traverse is diminished by one half, and by carrying the line of
yarn round an intermediate guide or stud pin the necessary traverse of the
compensating lever is again reduced; and, further, the traverse action of the
lever can be again reduced by multiplying the number of studs both upon
the lever itself and upon the stationary framing. The yarn or thread being
carried round two or more such studs or pins somewhat after the manner of a
set of pulley blocks.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Matthew Andrew Muir and James McIlwham in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 9th March 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, MATTHEW
ANDREW MUIR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Machinist, and JAMES MILWHAM, of the same Place, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Matthew Andrew Muir and James M'Ilwham, Her special license that
we, the said Matthew Andrew Muir and James McIlwham, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Matthew Andrew
Muir and James McIlwham, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland, the Channel Islands,and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Matthew Andrew Muir and
James M*Ilwham, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately.
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Matthew Andrew Muir and James
McIlwham, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :-
Oursaid Invention relates to certain improved arrangements.of machinery,
apparatus, or means to be used for winding yarns or thread in either the "cop"
or "pirn" form, as required in different branches of textile manufactures, and.
this Invention is partially based upon or refers more or less to an Invention
for which British Letters Patent were granted to William Robertson and
James Guthrie Orchar, Machinists, both of Dundee, for " Improvements in
Machinery or Apparatus for Winding Yarns or Thred," on or about the 2nd
day of December 1858, and numbered 2757.
One main object of the said Invention being to render the drag upon the
yarn or thread perfectly uniform, whilst it is being wound either from the
reel or holder or spinning bobbin on to the "cop," or "pirn "in conical form,
the spindle movement being uniform.
Another main object of the said Invention being the extreme simplification
of the details of such machinery combined with a greatly superior working
result as compared with the existing arrangements.
According to one practicaland tried modification of this improvedmachinery,
the main fixed framing is of a long rectangular form, and is fitted with bearings
to carry a horizontal longitudinal shaft disposed so as to coincide or nearly so
with the longitudinal centre of the framing. It is from this shaft that the
whole of the necessary winding movements, with the exception of the actual
driving of the spindles are derived. This shaft carries a number of eccentrics,
differential cams, or "hearts" which operate through the medium of suitable
connections upon a transverse bar, or set of bars, to give motion to a bell-
crank lever working in concert with each winding spindle. This bell-crank

page_text: lever bas on its end the necessary guiding eye or finger, through which the
yarn to be wound passes from the holding reel to the spindle. The building
cone is in this case stationary, and the "heart" or cam action, herein-before
described, lays the yarn upon the spindle in the required " pirn" form, whilst
the spindle descends in accordance with this building movement, a counter-
weight over a pulley is employed to hold the piru up against the cone, so as tc
build the yarn on the pirn to the required hardness; or,instead of this counter-
weight action, a weighted lever can be adopted for the purpose of producing
a similar result, the acting weight upon the lever being adjustable to suit the
amount of counterpoise actually required; or, the spindle may be arranged
to be stationary as regards its vertical action whilst the building conerises and
falls in the same way as described in Robertson and Orchar's Patent already
referred to. According to another modification the guide finger for the winding
on of the yarn is arranged in another way. In this case a horizontal shaft is
carried along each line of spindles in stationary bracket bearings. It is this
shaft which works the entire series of guide fingers, the connection between
the shaft and the actual guide finger being through the medium of a stop
catch, so that whilst the guide connections is perfect during the actualwinding
action, the attendant can disengage the necessary parts of doffing without
diffulty or without interfering with the rest of the details. To allow for the
varying state of drag upon the yarn or thread as it would be taken from
the reel with the uniform spindle movement, a vibrating guide lever worked
from the same main shaft is employed, and this lever is set so that its
effective varying leverage compensates accurately for the differentialwinding
on due to the conical form of the pirn or cop. A crank, camb, or heart.
action from the main shaft exactly meets the requirements of the case,
because each increment of movement of the crank represents an equally
varying winding up power of the pirn or spindle. In this way the drag
upon the yarn is kept constantly uniform. And in order to make the
winding-on action perfect with the least possible traverse given to the
compensating lever traverse are set so that the build action of the cone
proceeds upon an assumed central or neutral line, the thread being alwaysatthe
centre of its traverse or assumed central line while the compensating lever is
at either extreme of its traverse. In this way the compensating lever traverse
is diminished by one half, and by carrying the line of yarn round an inter-
mediato guide or stud pin, the necessary traverse of the compensating leveris
again reduced. And further, the traverse action of the lever can be again
reduced by multiplying the number of studs both upon the lever itself, and
upon, the stationary framing. The yarn or thread being carried round two.

page_text: or more such studs og pins somewhat after the manner of a set of pulley
blocks.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood, we shall
now proceed to describe the several Figures on the explanatory Sheet of
Drawings, which we have hereunto appended for the purpose of showing
certain modifications under which our said Invention may be practically
carried into effect. The same letters of reference indicating similar parts
throughout the several Figures, that is to say:-
66
Figure 1 represents an elevation of the driving end of a "pirn" and
cop" winding machine, constructed in accordance with and embodying
several of the improvements of our Invention shown as winding hanks from
reels; Figure 2 is a front or side view of a portion of the same machine
corresponding to and at right angles to Figure 1; Figure 3 is a plan of the
same corresponding to Figure 2; Figure 4 is a transverse section of the same
machine corresponding to Figure 1,drawn to a larger scale, and showing one
of the main intermediate standards of frames in elevation, with the lower part
as broken away; Figure 5 is a vertical section of one of the spindles showing
the constructive details of the arrangement of mechanism by which it is
actuated or driven; Figure 6 is a horizontal section taken on the line 1, 1,
Figure 5; Figure 7 is an elevation of another modification of the compensa-
ting "vibrating" thread or yarn "drag" lever action different to that shown in
the afore-mentioned Figures; Figure 8 is a sectional elevation of a portion of
the machine as modified for winding from bobbins; Figure 9 being an enlarged
sectional elevation of one of thefrictionalstuds overwhich theyarn passes. The
framing of this, as of ordinary winding machines,consistsessentially ofthemain
end standards or frames A, and several intermediate standards or frames A'se-
curely held at the required distance apart by the longitudinal upper and lower
beams or rails B and C, the whole framing being supported on and attached to
the floor byfeetA², capable of adjustmentforleveling the machine. The driving
or actuating shaft of the machineDis carried in bracketbearings bolted to one
of the end frames A, this shaft is actuated by a belt passing over the fast and
loose pulleys D³, which is driven from any convenient source of prime mover.
To each end of this shaft D is keyed or otherwise fixed a bevil wheel E, in
gear with an actuating the corresponding bevil pinion E¹, keyed on the end
of the two longitudinal shafts F, situated along the front or sides of the
machine, and carried in bearings formed in brackets bolted to the main
standards immediately under the rows of winding spindles. At intervalsalong
the shaft F are fixed the bevil wheels G gearing into and actuating a corres-
ponding pinion G³, revolving loosely on the lower end of each hollow driving

page_text: spindle H, seen more particularly in the enlarged vertical section, Figure 5,
this spindle H, being carried and revolving in bearings, the upper one of
which is formed in the rail B,and the lower in a bracket bolted to and project-
ing from the lower rail C. This driving spindle H has attached to it by a
pinching screw the upper portion of the conical friction clutch J, the lower
portion of this clutch being formed on the boss J', of the pinion G, the angle
of the cone preferred to be employed being about 25°, shown by dotted
lines, the action of this spindle H is stopped by slightly raising it, thereby
breaking the contact between the conical surfaces J and J¹. This lifting of
the tubular spindle when the pirn is formed or completely full, is obtained
through a catch or lever mechanism herein-after described acting upon the
lower side of the collar H¹. The solid spindle K has screwed on it by a left-
handed screw thread a top collar L, to which the pirn M is attached for the
purpose of being driven,but when the yarn is wound in the reverse direction a
right-handed screw is attached to the top of the collar L. This solid spindle K
is carried by the top collar bearing N, carried in the forked end of the lever N¹,
which lever is supported by the stud in the frame or bracket O, which
carries the conical presser or shaper O¹. The upper surface of this top collar
bearing has formed on it an annular groove or oil cup in which the revolving
collar bearing L of the spindle K runs, its lower portion being made square
and prevented from revolving by means of the forked ends of the lever N¹
which encompass it. Projections are formed at the upper part of the collar
by which it is supported or carried on slightly elevated triangular projections
formed on the forked arms. Running through the entire length of the
machine is the longitudinal shaft P, situated under the top portion of the
frame A, and at one end of it is fixed the tangential screw wheel P¹, gearing
into and actuated by the double-threaded tangential screw Q on the first
motion shaft D (but a single triple-threaded screw may be used)toaccomplish
the necessary changes of traverse, as seen in the end elevation, Figure 1.
About the centre of and on this shaft P is fixed the "heart cam" R, more
particularly seen at Figures 2, 3, and 4. This cam has formed on one of its
flat sides a deep groove, into which works the small friction roller S, secured
by a stud and nut to the oscillating lever T, the lower end of it being secured
by a stud T in the intermediate frame A', on which it vibrates. At theupper
end of the lever T is fixed a stud capable of adjustment in a slot, to which are
attached the two connecting rods U, extending transversely to each side of the
machine, when the other ends are attached by a pin and slot adjustment to
the pendent levers V keyed or fixed to the two light longitudinal shafts W
running the whole length of the machine. The shafts W oscillate in bearings

page_text: on the small brackets W¹ bolted to the standards or frames O. At intervals
along the shaft W are fixed, one for each spindle, a short crank X carrying
on a removable projecting pin the laying-on arm X', which is capable of being
turned back when not in use; a heel piece projecting beyond the oscillating
centre of this lever comes in contact with the under side of the shaft W and
thus maintains it in its working position, as shown more particularly at the
left of Figure 4. The free end of the arm X' has formed on its extremity
fingers, eyes, or other equivalent, between or through which the yarn or
thread y finally passes as it is laid or built on the conical part of the pirn
adjacent to the inner edge of the conical presser or shapers O¹, this tapered
building action being simultaneous throughout the whole rows of pirns and
immediately derived from the heart cam R through the intervention of the
oscillating lever T' and connecting rods U. In the case of winding from reels
as shown more particularly in Figure I, the rails Y are in this instance placed
below and carried by short standards bolted to and projecting up from the
floor, each reel being "paced" by a strap with a weight that can be
adjusted and the banks put on in the usual manner. As it is most important
to take off the yarn from the reel at an uniform rate of velocity and degree of
tension, and as the pirn is laid on or built in a conical form by the action of
the heart and the arm X, while at the same time the spindles are driven at
an uniform rate of velocity some compensating mechanism is necessary to
keep the yarn at all times equally distended between the reel and the conical
portion of the pirn.
One arrangement or modification of mechanism for effecting this com-
pensating action upon the yarn as it is being wound from the reel is shown in
the general views, Figures 1,2, and 3, but more particularly seen in transverse
section, Figure 4. On the shaft P, and at its further end, is keyed or other-
wise fixed a short crank Z with an adjustable pin, to which is connected the
long rod d, the further end of it being coupled to the lever b by means of an
adjustable pin, this lever b being keyed or otherwise fixed to the longitudinal
shaft c,carried in bearings projecting out from the main standardA,A,having
fixed to it the light rigid or elastic levers d, one for each spindle. The thread
from the reel Y passes over the outside of the polished shaft c, thence up and
between two fingers, studs, or other equivalent, carried on a small bracket
bolted to the rail B; the thread then passes round and over a stud or finger f
attached to the upper end of the lever d, thence between the fingers on the
end of the arm X', whence it finally passes to and is laid or built on the pirn,
as herein-before described. The arm X' is shown in position at the lower or
larger part of the cam, marked 1, in Figures 4 and 5, and as the heart moves

page_text: in the direction indicated by the arrow, it, by means of the intervening levers
and connecting rods T, U, and V, respectively, is about to reverse its action
and successively arrives at the central portion of the cone, marked 2, and the
smallest portion, marked 3. The crank Z, and levers b and d, are set in
relation to the heart in such a manner that the latter lever d arrives attheexact
centre of its traverse as the arm X' is at the extreme top and bottom of the
cone as indicated by the numbers 1 and 3, the path of the lever d being shown
at the right of Figure 4 in red lines, and conversely as the point or stud f of
the lever d arrives at the extreme positions 21 and 22, the fingers of the arm X
arrives at the central position marked 2 of the cone. The action of the
compensating lever d being as follows: While the fingers X₁ travel from
position 1 to 2 of their path, or over the larger part of the cone, the point of
the lever & travels in the direction of the arrow to its inner extreme position
2, thus giving off the yarn which had previously been taken up, but whilst
the fingers move from position 2 to 3, or over the lesser portion of the cone,
the points of the lever d reverses its action in accordance with the crank Z
(which has by this time turned the centre), and begins to take up the yarn,
but when the fingers reverse their action at the point 3, thus travelling back
over the smaller portion of the cone, the point fof the lever d is still travelling
in the reverse direction to that indicated by the arrow, arriving at its extreme
outer position 22 as the fingers again arrive at their central position 2, on its
downward traverse; and further, as the fingers of the lever X move from
position 2 to 1,laying the thread over thelarger portion of the cone, the pointf
of the lever d again reverses its action by means of the crank Z, turning its
opposite centre, and consequently gives off the yarn it had previously taken
up. It is obvious that as the crank Z moves over its two dead centres, the
extremity of the lever & moves at a correspondingly diminishing rate as it
approaches the two positions 2' and 22, but as the crank is passing over the
top and bottom centres, the lever d being at its central position, in which it
acquires its maximum velocity, it moves at a correspondingly increasing rate,
the slowest portion of the travel corresponding to the medium, and the faster
portion of the travel to that of the maximum and minimum diameter of the
cone respectively. 'I hese alternately increasing and diminishing distances of
travel, and the consequent taking in and giving off of the yarn y keeps it in a
state of uniform tension with a corresponding regular giving off of yarn from
the reel. The row of spindles on the left-hand side of the machine are fitted
with a compensating mechanism similar to that herein-before described in
relation to the right-hand side; the several parts of this mechanism on the left
hand side being indicated by similar letters. For the purpose of actuating

page_text: purpose
of
this set of mechanism on the left-hand side a pendent lever g' is fixed on the
shaft c,and connected by a rod h passing over an adjustable stud in the lever g,
the rod h extending across the machine, and connected to a similar pendent
lever g¹ by an adjustable stud fixed on theoscillatingshaft c,this arrangement
imparting a compensating motion to the rod or lever d corresponding to the
required building action of the pirns on the left-hand side of the machine.
The spindle K has formed in it a slot, which enables it to travel up and down
on the key pieces, inserted through holes on the side of the hollow spindle;
these pins being attached to a plate K¹ fixed by a pinching screw to the
outside of the hollow spindle H,which thus causes the inner and outer spindles
to revolve together. A pirn being placed on the pin of the collar L, the
lever N' is lifted by means of its end N³ until the taper portion of the pirn M
arrives at the required position in the presser or shaper O¹ for the 1
being built or filled with yarn, and as the pirn gradually fills, at the same time
pressing down the lever N₁, carring the square collar bearing against the
counterweight N³ hung on the outer end of the lever, by a spring capable of
being adjusted in position so as to impart the pressure requisite for forming
the pirn. This intermediate spring being for the purpose of preventing
breakage in case of the lever N being accidentally released from its retaining
catch. When the pirn is fully built, it has brought the lever N¹into its lowest
position, where a projection i is formed at the back of its forked end, aud
comes in contact with an adjustable bevil or inclined piece jattached to the
weighted catch lever k, pendent from a stud in the bracket O; and as this
projection passes the apex of the angleon thepiece j,it disengages thecatch
formed at itslower end, from a stud pieceprojecting from theside of theweighted
horizontal lever l,oscillating on a stud carried in a small bracket B¹ projecting
downwards from the rail B, and having at its central portion a small cam or
eccentric piece, whichacts uponthe collarH' of the driving spindle, and whenthe
catch / freesthe lever b,the weight 6' on it causes theeccentricpiece to liftthe
spindleslightly,thusbreaking the frictional contactofthesurfaces oftheconical
couplings Jand J¹,and thus stops the winding action of the hollow spindle, the
pointed piece coming against the front of therail B prevents the spindle from
being lifted too far. When this stopping of the spindle takes place, the filled
pirn is "doffed by pressing down the lever N¹ by means of the projecting piece
No. 2 for that purpose until the projection i comes under the notch at the
lower portion of the angular piece; on the pendent lever k, which retains it in
this position untila new one is replaced, the lever 'being released by pressing
back the pendent lever k by means of the piece k projecting in front of the
rail for that purpose, at the same time bringing up the lever, spindle, and pirn
12

page_text: into its position in the presser as before described, and the depression of the
front of the levers Lagain brings the stud piece projecting from its back end
into the catch, which action sets the driving spindle again in motion. The
end of the yarn to be wound on a pirn is attached to it in the ordinary manner,
and passed over the studs as herein-before described.
Another part of our Invention consists in actuating the afore-mentioned
"taking up" and "giving off "mechanism of the yarn by means of a differential
heart or cam, instead of the crank Z herein-before specified, that is to say, a
heart or cam is keyed on the shaft P, in lieu of the crank 7, so constructed as
to impart the required differential action to an upright lever fitted with anti-
friction rollers Tand S respectively, similar to that shown more particularly at
Figure 4, for the building action where two connecting rods similar to those
marked U pass from a stud in the said lever below the heart or cam instead of
above as there shown across to the levers g and g¹, and are connected to them
by an adjustable stud, which would impart the required compensating motion
to the lever & in accordance with the construction of the said heart or cam.
Another modification of arranging the path of thread or yarn y is shown at
Figure 7,in which a very much less amount of traverse is required to be imparted
to the leverd in this compensating mechanism, as the thread or yarn yinstead of
being carried over one fixed stud eand a stud fin the leverdis in this arrange-
ment passed over two additional studs e¹ and f¹,as there shown, thus doubling,
taking up, and giving off a greater amount of thread or yarn with a less amount
of travel of the lever d than in the former arrangements. When the thread or
yarn is wound from bobbins instead of reels in the afore-mentioned winding
machine, the alterations for this purpose are shown at Figures S and 9, and
consists in forming two longitudinal shafts'c by a pinching screw or otherwise,
and then are fastened on it at intervals, one for each spindle,small brackets m
in one arm of which a stud is placed to hold the bobbin n from which the yarn
is being unwound. The vertical arm of this bracket carries a fixed and an
adjustable finger or stud o and o', round which the yarn y¹ is passed to give it
a slight and regular amount of friction or "drag" before reaching the fingers
of the building arm; the moveable stud o', more particularly seen at the
enlarged section, Figure 9, which is constructed with two large end washers p,
holding between them washers of flannel or other convenient substance q for
the purpose of cleansing and smoothing the yarn or thread as it passes between
them. The trays or shelves r of this machine for carrying the pirns are as
usual supported on brackets s projecting up from the main frames A over the
two rows of spindles conveniently to the attendant.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in

page_text: which the same is or may be used or carried into practicaleffect, we may observe
in conclusion that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details or arrange-
ments which we have had occasion to describe, as many variations may be
made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of our
said Invention; but what we consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,-
First, the general arrangement and construction of machinery for winding
threads or yarns, as herein-before described.
Second, the system or arrangement of mechanism for actuating the spindles
of winding machines, and the mode of stopping the hollow or actuating spindle,
as herein-before described.
Third, the system or mode of carrying the internal spindle by means of the
collar bearing and weighted lever at its upper end, as herein-before described.
Fourth, the mode or system of apparatus by which a lever is actuated in
such a manner as to take up and give off the yarn or thread to the pirn in
amount exactlyor nearlycorrespondingtoitsgradually increasingordiminishing
diameter, substantially as herein-before described, or any mere modification
thereof.
Fifth, the positive guide mechanism in which the yarn in being wound passes
over one, two, or more sets of stationary guide studs, as well as over one, two,
or more similar studs on the compensating lever, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Matthew Andrew Muir and James
McIlwham, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day
of March, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
MAT
A.
UIK. (L.S.)
JAMES MCILWHAM.
(L.S.)