IMPROVEMENTS METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING CERTAIN VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES IN ORDER TO OBTAIN FIBROUS MATERIALS AND PAPER PULP THEREFROM
Year: 1867

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Michael Henry, of 68, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING CERTAIN VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
IN ORDER TO OBTAIN FIBROUS MATERIALS AND PAPER PULP THEREFROM."-A
cominunication from abroad by Charles Gastaldetti and Joseph Vanzina,
both of 33, Boulevart Saint Martin, Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by the said Michael Henry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, 8n the 16th
August 1867.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of 68, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING CERTAIN VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
ORDER TO OBTAIN FIBROUS MATERIALS AND PAPER PULP THEREFROM," COM-
municated to me from abroad by Charles Gastaldetti and Joseph Vanzina.
both of 33, Boulevart Saint Martin: Paris, France, to be as follows:-
This Invention, which relates principally to the treatment of trees and
plants of the palm tribe, such as palms, palmeites, chamerops humilis, St. Peter
the Mantren olm
asiaaliali cinglioni Be consists in subiecting the venutable

page_text: substance to two operations in apparatus for the purposes; one process and
apparatus being for crushing. triturating,. or macerating the vegetable
substance, and the other for combing it.
The machine for crushing or triturating consists of a set of superimposed
rollers fluted longitudinally the lower set is supported in stationary.
bearings, and the upper set in adjustable bearings; a spring brings them
nearer to and farther from each other; the vegetable substance passes
between and is crushed by the rollers: The machinery may be worked by a
shaft in gear with another shaft; on which are keyed bevel wheels of equal
number to the lower rollers, which are revolved by bevel gearing engaging
with the above gearing. The upper rollers are actuated by the friction of the
vegetable substances gradually fed between them. Perforated pipes containing
water under pressure arranged between the rollers are supplied with water
through a pipe,. through which also the substances are charged. When the
substance is thus crushed and macerated it is expelled ready for being combed.
The jets of water throw down the refuse of ligneous material. The substance
may be dried in the air or otherwise.
The combing machine consists of a wheel or drum, having on its periphery
grooves into which the crushed vegetable substance is fed; combs on each side
of this drum or wheel act alternately on the said substance, first those on one
side acting and then those of the other, and so-on: The combs are fitted in
grooves in movcable carriages caused to approach to and recede from the
drum which turns in both directions, and is stopped to change the direction of
motion; this may be effected by slipping the driving band on a loose pulley
the workman can thus throw one set of combs out of gear and throw the other
set into gear, or change the combs for others of different gauge.
SPE
pursuance
ne Letters агень, TICH
by the said Michael Henry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
HENRY, of 68, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand cight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of. Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,

page_text: the said Michael Henry, Her special licence that I, the said Michael Henry,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Michael
Henry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use. exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING CERTAIN VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES IN ORDER TO
OBTAIN FIBROUS MATERIALS AND PAPER PULP THEREFROM," communicated to me
from abroad by Charles Gastaldetti and Joseph Vanzina, both of 33, Boulevart
Saint Martin, Paris, France, upon the condition (amongst others) that 1, the
said Michael Henry, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Michael Henry, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, as. communicated to me, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, that is to say:-
This Invention, which relates principally to the treatment of trees and plants
of the palm tribe, such as palms, palmettes, chamerops humilis. St. Peter the
Martyr palm, cefaglioli, cefaglioni, &c., consists in subjecting the vegetable
substance to two operations in apparatus for the purposes; one process and
apparatus being for crushing, triturating, or macerating the vegetable substance,
and the other process and. apparatus being for combing it.
The machine or apparatus for crushing or triturating consists of rollers
fluted longitudinally, one set of such, rollers is superimposed or placed above
the other set thereof; the lower set is supported in stationary bearings, and
the upper set in separate and adjustable bearings; a spring presses the two
sets of rollers towards each other; the vegetable substance passes between
and is crushed by the rollers. The machinery may be worked by a shaft in
gear with another shaft, on which are keyed bevel wheels of equal number to
the-lower-rollers, which are caused to revolve by bevel gearing engaging with
the above-named bevel wheels. The upper rollers are actuated by the friction of
-the-vegetable substances, which are gradually fed in between them. Perforated
pipes containing water under pressure are arranged between the rollers and

page_text: supplied with water through a pipe, through which the vegetable substances
are also fed or charged. When the substance is thus crushed and macerated
it is expelled ready for being combed. The jets of water likewise throw down
the refuse of ligneous material. The substance may be dried in the air or
otherwise.
The combing machine consists of a wheel or drum having on its periphery
grooves into which the crushed vegetable substance is fed. Combs on each
side of this drum or wheel act alternately on the said substance: first, the combs
on one side act, and then the combs on the other. side, and so on alternately.
The combs are fitted in grooves in moveable carriages caused to approach
to and recede from the drum, which turns in both directions, and is stopped in
order to change or reverse the direction of motion; this may be effected by
slipping the driving band on to a loose pulley. The workman can thus throw
one set of combs out of gear and throw the other into gear, or change the
combs for others of different gauge.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The accompanying Drawings represent machinery constructed according to
these improvements and arranged for carrying the improved method into
effect. The Figures on Sheet I relate to the crushing or triturating machine
and operation.
Description of Sheet -On Sheet 1, Figure 1 is an end elevation of the
crushing machine; Figure 2 is a side elevation; and Figure. 3, a plan of
the same.
d', d*, d*, d', d', d', are two sets of rollers grooved longitudinally; one set
of rollers d', d', is placed above the other set d, d. The rollers of the lower
set are supported in bearings fixed to the framework X of the machine. The
rollers of the upper set rest in adjustable bearings, the bearings of each such
roller being capable of independent adjustment, so that any one of the rollers
of the upper set may be brought nearer to or farther from the corresponding
roller of the lower set. A spring tends to press the rollers of the two sets
together. The vegetable substance to be treated as it passes between the,
rollers forces the two sets apart to the greatest exient that the spring will
permit. Rotary motion is communicated to the lower rollers d, dx, as
follows: c is a driving shaft actuated by a steam engine or other prime mover,
and carrying a wheel m in gear with a wheel n on a shaft e, on which are
keyed a number of bevel wheels p in gear with bevel pinions q on the axes of
the rollers, each roller having such a bevel pinion. The upper rollers are
worked by the friction of the vegetable substance passing under them to be

page_text: ireated. a, a, a, are a number of small perforated pipes containing water
under pressure; these pipes are placed between the sets of rollers, and they
communicate with a feed pipe f. By means of these pipes water is con-
tinuously sprinkled on the vegetable substance under treatment while the
machinery is at work. The said substance is thus crushed and macerated.
When sufficiently reduced it is removed from the machine. and after it has
heen dried in the sun or by other ordinary means it is removed to the
combing machine. By means of the jets of water the refuse or ligneous
matter separated by the passage of the vegetable substance between the
rollers is more completely expelled and allowed to fall into a suitable receiver.
The Figures on Sheet 2 relate to the combing machine and operation.
Description of Sheci 2-On Sheet 2. Figure 1, is a side elevation:
Figure 2. front elevation: and Figure 3. plan in section of the combing
machine: Figure 4. elevation of the comb carriers.
A, A, is a drum, cylinder, or large wheel. having on its periphery grooves or
sockets a. a. in which are laid the clusters of crushed vegetable substance
taken from the crashing machine: B. B'. are two sets of combs: one set is on
the right of the drum A. and the other set on the left. Each set acts alternately
on the vegetable substance lying in the grooves of the drum. Each set consists
of a number of combs fitted in grooves formed in moveable carriages b, b, b', bl.
which slide in guideways and are moved up to and caused to recede from the
drum A so as to comb the vegetable substance throughout the whole thickness
of the cluster. The drum turns round in each direction of motion alternately.
first to the right and then to the left, and so on. so that first the right-hand
set of combs acts on the vegetable material and then the left-hand set of combs
acts on it, and so on alternately. There is a dead point or interval of rest in the
action of the drum. that is to say, just before the drum reverses its motion it.
is stopped momentarily or for a sufficient space of time; for this purpose the
While the
driving band is slipped on a loose pulley C on the drum axis.
drum stops the workman pushes the set of combs that has just acted back or
out of action, and pushes the other set forward or into action.
The comb
carriages are held in position by screws. The drum is also stopped to change
the combs when desired, so that different sorts of combs. or combs with more
or less teeth or various ganges of teeth. may be fitted in the carriages in
order to regulate the degree of fineness or coarseness of the combing
operation
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
-the-same-may-be-performed. I declare that claim.

page_text: in so far as regards the employment of the machinery herein set forth, in the
manner and for the purposes explained.
Second: The crushing or macerating machine herein-before described, in so
far as respects the general arrangement and combination of parts of which the
same consists.
Third. The combing machine herein-before described, in so far as regards
the arrangement and combination of parts of which the same consists, and
especially the arrangement and method of action of the drum, cylinder, or
wheel and its two sets of combs working alternately, as set forth.
In witness whereof, 1. the said Michael Henry, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness.
E. DE PASS,
. Patent Office.. 68, Fleet Street, .
London.
M. HENKY.
(L.S.)