IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARRELS, BOXES, CANISTERS, CARTRIDGES, CASES, ENVE- LOPES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred George Speight, Manufacturer, of 207, City Road,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BARRELS, BOXES, CANISTERS, CARTRIDGES, CASES, ENVE-
LOPES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Sealed the 20th October 1877, and dated the 11th August 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred George Speight at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1877.
ALFRED GEORGE SPEIGHT, Manufacturer, of 207, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARRELS, BOXES, CANISTERS,
CARTRIDGES, CASES, ENVELOPES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Improvements in the making of barrels, boxes, cannisters, cartridges, cases, or
envelopes, and other similar articles, so as to adapt them for the reception of bottles
or substances and matters requiring to be protected from breakage, and to be kept
clean and preserved from atmospheric influences.
Barrels, boxes, cannisters, cartridges, cases, envelopes, and receptacles for inatters
of this character are usually made (if from wood) of cut blanks or pieces of wood
which are rolled or bent round, and forced into moulds with wooden blocks and
wedges.
When barrels, boxes, cannisters, cartridges, cases, envelopes, and receptacles for
articles of this character are made from paper, card, or pasteboard, they are usually
made by cutting blank pieces or sheets to the required size, pasted pasted and rolled
round wood rolls or metal tubes, commonly called formers.
When cases or envelopes are made from straw or hay for the reception and pro-
tection of bottles and similar articles, they are usually made by folding lengths of
straw, and weaving, sewing, or fastening the same together with string, thread, and
other similar articles; whereas, according to my Invention, I produce a barrel, box,
cannister, envelope, or receptacle of an effective and ornamental appearance, with con-
siderable flexibility, toughness, and economy in the cost of production.
I proceed to describe one mode which I adopt in producing articles according to
mv Invention.

page_text: I cut blanks or sheets of wood of proper and suitable sizes and shapes. I also cut
blanks or sheets of paper, card, or pasteboard of corresponding sizes. I then paste,
glue, or otherwise cement one or both sides of the paper, card, or pasteboard,
according to the article I require to produce, and line or attach one or both sides of
the cemented blank of paper, card, or pasteboard to one or two blanks or sheets of
wood, as the case may be, so that such blank or sheet of paper, card, or pasteboard
is covered with the blank or sheet of wood on one or both sides as
require, and in
the proper form. I then roll the cemented or pasted material round a block, core,
or mandrill, and insert or place the said material with the block, core, or mandrill
in a mould of the required shape or form. I then withdraw the block, core, or
mandrill, leaving the cemented or pasted material only in the mould. I then insert
in the place of the block, core, or mandrill a flexible bag made of india-rubber, and
having a metal cap or stop with or without an air or water cock attached to the
same, and connected by means of a piece of flexible tubing or otherwise with an air
or water pump. I then pump or force air, water, or any other fluid or liquid into
the interior of the india-rubber bag, so as to expand the bag and force the cemented
or pasted material to the shape or form of the mould. The amount of pressure
required depends upon the thickness or substance of the material used, but I find
50 lbs. to the square inch is the usual pressure required, and to obtain that pressure
I use a metal cap or stop to fit on the further end or bottom of the mould corre-
sponding with that already fixed on the nearer or top end of the india-rubber bag,
and fitting that end of the mould, and while the pressure is applied I connect such
caps or stops with each other, either by means of metal stays or bands outside the
mould, or by means of a trough or cradle.
In making cases or envelopes for the reception and protection of glass bottles and
other fragile articles, I use the same process with this addition, that before rolling
the cemented or pasted material on the block, core, or mandrill, I pass the same
through an ordinary goffering or crimping machine, so as to give the same a corru-
gated, crimped, and goffered form, which has the effect of giving the material a
greater power of resisting blows or shocks.
The moulds can be made of any metal, or of porcelain, glass, or earthenware, in
one or more pieces or sections, as required. I prefer them slightly coned.
Having described the mode which I adopt for producing articles according to my
Invention, I now state that what I claim and desire to secure as my Invention is,
the manufacture of barrels, boxes, cannisters, cartridges, cases, envelopes, and other
similar articles,―
1stly. By means of. the internal expansion of an india-rubber bag by air, water,
or any other fluid or liquid.
And, 2ndly. By means of crimping, goffering, or otherwise corrugating the material
before expanding it to the necessary shape.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alfred George Speight in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd February 1878.
ALFRED GEORGE SPEIGHT, Manufacturer, of 207, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARRELS, BOXES, CANISTERS,
CARTRIDGES, CASES, ENVELOPES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Improvements in the making of barrels, boxes, canisters, cartridges, cases, or
envelopes, and other similar articles, so as to adapt them for the reception of bottles
or substances and matters requiring to be protected from breakage, and to be kept
clean and preserved from atmospheric influences.
Barrels, boxes, canisters, cartridges, cases, envelopes, and receptacles for matters
of this character are usually made (if from wood) of cut blanks or pieces of wood
which are rolled or bent round, and forced into moulds with wooden blocks and
wedges.
When barrels, boxes, canisters, cartridges, cases, envelopes, and receptacles for
articles of this character are made from paper, card, or pasteboard, they are usually
made by cutting blank pieces or sheets to the required size, pasted and rolled round
wood rolls or metal tubes, commonly called formers.
When cases or envelopes are made from straw or hay for the reception and pro-
tection of bottles and similar articles, they are usually made by folding lengths of
straw, and weaving, sewing, or fastening the same together with string, thread, and
other similar articles; whereas, according to my Invention, I produce a barrel, box,
canister, envelope, or receptacle of an effective and ornamental appearance, with con-
siderable flexibility, toughness, and economy in the cost of production.
I proceed to describe one mode which I adopt in producing articles according to
my Invention.
I cut blanks or sheets of wood of proper and suitable sizes and shapes. I also
cut blanks or sheets of paper, card, or pasteboard of corresponding sizes. I then
paste, glue, or otherwise cement one or both sides of the paper, card, or pasteboard,
according to the article I require to produce, and line or attach one or both sides of
the cemented blank of paper, card, or pasteboard to one or two blanks or sheets of
wood, as the case may be, so that such blank or sheet of paper, card, or pasteboard
is covered with the blank or sheet of wood on one or both sides as I require, and in
the proper form. I then roll the cemented or pasted material round a block, core,
or mandrill, and insert or place the said material with the block, core, or mandrill,
in a mould of the required shape or form. I then withdraw the block, core, or
mandrill, leaving the cemented or pasted material only in the mould. I then insert
in the place of the block, core, or mandrill a flexible bag made of india-rubber, and
having a metal cap or stop with or without an air or water cock attached to the
same, and connected by means of a piece of flexible tubing or otherwise with an air
or water pump. I then pump or force air, water, or any other fluid or liquid into
the interior of the india-rubber bag, so as to expand the bag and force the cemented
or pasted material to the shape or form of the mould. The amount of pressure
required depends upon the thickness or substance of the material used, but I find
50 lbs. to the square inch is the usual pressure required, and to obtain that pressure
I use a metal cap or stop to fit on the further end or bottom of the mould corre-
sponding with that already fixed on the nearer or top end of the india-rubber bag,
and fitting that end of the mould, and while the pressure is applied I connect such
caps or stops with each other either by means of metal stays or bands outside the
mould, or by means of a trough or cradle.
In making cases or envelopes for the reception and protection of glass bottles and .
other fragile articles, I use the same process with this addition, that before rolling
the cemented or pasted material on the block, core, or mandrill, I pass the same
through an ordinary goffering or crimping machine, so as to give the same à corru

page_text: gated, crimped, and goffered form, which has the effect of giving the material a
greater power of resisting blows or shocks.
The moulds can be made of any metal, or of porcelain, glass, or earthenware, in
one or more pieces or sections, as required. I prefer them slightly coned.
Having described the mode which I adopt for producing articles according to my
Invention, I now state that what I claim and desire to secure as my Invention is,
the manufacture of barrels, boxes, canisters, cartridges, cases, envelopes, and other
similar articles,-
Firstly. By means of the internal expansion of an india-rubber bag by air, water,
or any other fluid or liquid.
And, Secondly. By means of crimping, goffering, or otherwise corrugating the
material before expanding it to the necessary shape.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred George Speight, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the above-named Alfred George
Speight in the presence of
EDWD. M. CHUBB,
Sol.,
11, Pancras Lane,
ALFRED GEORGE SPEIGHT. (L.S.)
London,
E.C.