IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SIZING, DRESSING, AND BEAMING YARN AND THREAD
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Haworth, Spinner and Manufacturer, and
John Wellington Welch, Agent, both of the City of Manchester, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SIZING, DRESSING, AND
BEAMING YARN AND THREAD."
Sealed the 6th August 1867, and dated the 9th February 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Haworth and
John Wellington Welch at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 9th February 1867.
We, RICHARD HAWORTH, Spinner and Manufacturer, and JOHN WELLINGTON
5 WELCH, Agent, both of the City of Manchester, do hereby declare the nature
t
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SIZING, DRESSING,
AND BEAMING YARN AND THREAD," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the machines commonly called "tape legs" or
slashers," and it consists in an improved arrangement of the parts of such
O machines whereby the yarn or thread is more thoroughly saturated with size,
wound at a more even tension on the beam, and dried with less artificial heat
than heretofore. The warp beams are placed in a frame radiating from the
guide roller to keep the ends of yarn of the same length and tension. The

page_text: size trough is sufficiently long to contain five or any other number of rollers,
around which the yarn passes before it goes between the squeezing rollers;
the size trough is furnished at one end with an agitator and steam pipes, and
partitions to prepare and boil the size before passing to the yarn, and the
bottom of the trough is a steam chest to keep the size constantly boiling.
Between the squeezing rollers and the drying cylinder is a swing frame resting
on the yarn to take up the slack and indicate the tension; after the yarn has
left the drying cylinder it is taken through the usual wraiths and then wound
on to the beam by means of two friction rollers, one of which is an expanding
roller of the ordinary construction, or both may be expanding rollers; one of
the friction rollers and one of the squeezing rollers are driven by a friction
plate and adjustable friction pulleys in order to regulate their speed according
to the tension of the yarn. The lower part of the drying cylinder is in com-
munication with an air trough to facilitate the drying of the yarn. A compound
machine may be made with two size troughs and two drying cylinders, in this
case one of the drying cylinders must be driven by gearing.
Another part of our Invention consists in an improved mode of constructing
the beams on which sized yarn or thread is wound to prevent mildew. The
barrel of the beam is grooved or fluted, so that when the yarn is wound
thereon air can enter into the centre of the beam. After about one-third of
the beam is full a cage consisting of perforated pipes is placed round. it, and
again the yarn is wound on until another third is filled when a second cage of
a similar construction is put on and then the remainer of the beam is filled,
by this means air can be made to enter into two or more parts of the beam.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Haworth and John Wellington Welch in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 8th August 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
HAWORTH, Spinner and Manufacturer, and JOHN WELLINGTON WELCH,' Agent,
both of the City of Manchester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Richard Haworth and John Wellington Welch, Her special license that we,
the said Richard Haworth and John Wellington Welch, our executors,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard Haworth and
John Wellington Welch, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SIZING, DRESSING, AND BEAMING YARN AND THREAD," upon the.
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Richard Haworth and John
Wellington Welch, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or, their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the, Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
+
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard Haworth and John Wellington;
Welch, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
Our Invention relates to the machines commonly called "tape legs" or
"slashers," and it consists in an improved arrangement of the parts of such
machines whereby the yarn or thread is more thoroughly saturated with size,
wound at a more even tension on the beam, and dried with less artificial heat
than heretofore.
.
Another part of our Invention consists in an improved mode of con-
structing the beams on which sized yarn or thread is wound to prevent
mildew.
i
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily.
carried into operation we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of our improved machinery for sizing,
dressing, and beaming yarn and thread; Figure 2 is a similar elevation of a
modification of our improvements, and Figure 3 is a plan of Figure 2.
.. In Figure 1, a, a, represent the warp beams containing the yarn to be
sized, dressed, and beamed; the beams a are shewn in the Drawing supported
in the usual standards, but they may be supported in a frame radiating from
the guide roller 6 to keep the ends of the yarn of the same length and tension..
The yarn on leaving the guide roller b is taken over the roller c, and then.
descends into the size trough d, which is made with, three compartments, in
the first is placed the agitator e and the steam pipes f; the size, when.

page_text: thoroughly boiled and mixed, flows over the partition 9 into the second com-
partment, which is also provided with steam pipes h, and then it flows under
the partition into the third compartment containing the five or other
convenient number of rollers; and the lower squeeze roller k. The yarn on
leaving the roller c passes under and over the five rollers ; mounted in the
frame, which is capable of adjustment in the trough. When the yarn has
passed under the last roller ; it is taken between the squeeze rollers k and m,
by which the excess of size is pressed out of the yarn; below the rollers j is
the scraper n, which is attached to a chain n¹, the ends of which are wound
around the rollers n³; the axles of these rollers project on one side through
the trough, and by turning them slowly round occasionally the scraper is
moved along the bottom of the trough to prevent the formation of sediment ;
the bottom of the trough is a steam chest to keep the size boiling. When
the yarn has passed between the squeezing rollers k and m it is taken under
the swing frame o, and thence under the guide roller p, which delivers it to
the usual drying cylinder q; the object of the swing frame o is to take up the
slack of the yarn and to indicate its tension; the yarn after passing around
the drying cylinder, over and under the usual guide rollers, and through the
usual wraiths or reeds is wound on the beam r by the ordinary friction
rollers 8, 3, one or both of which are expanding rollers. The mode of com-
municating motion to the squeeze roller k and friction roller s is as follows:-
t is a friction plate which is driven by means of the shaft t¹ and mitre
wheels t, as shewn in the Drawing, or in any other convenient manner;
above the friction plato t and in contact with it are the two friction pulleys
u and v, the former is connected to the shaft u¹ by a key and groove, so that
it may turn round with the shaft and be capable of being moved to and fro
upon it, and the latter is connected in the same manner to the shaft v¹; to
the end of the shaft vis fixed a bevel wheel gearing into a similar wheel on
the axle of the squeeze roller k, and to the shaft u is fixed a bevel wheel for
driving the outside friction roller s. The friction pulleys u and can be
moved to and fro so as to bring them nearer or further from the centre of the
plate t by the hand wheels, screws, and levers shewn in Figure 3,
by any
other convenient arrangement of mechanism, and by regulating the position
of the friction pulleys on the friction plate it is evident that the speed of the
rollers and s can be varied to suit the tension of the yarn; the drying
In order to
cylinder q is carried round by the yarn in the usual manner.
facilitate and expedite the drying of the yarn a constant supply of fresh
atmospheric air is admitted under the drying cylinder through the trough w,
one or both ends of which pass through the walls of the building.
O

page_text: The machine shewn in Figures 2 and 3 is very similar to the one above
described, and similar parts thereof are marked with corresponding letters of
reference; in this instance we have shewn a compound machine with two
size troughs d, d¹, and two drying cylinders q, q', by which arrangement the
yarn is sized twice over. The yarn after it has passed round the first drying
cylinder q is taken over the guide rollers x, a¹, between which it is acted upon
by a second swing frame o¹ to take up the slack; after passing over the
roller it enters the second trough d¹ and passes under and over the
rollers j', then between the squeeze rollers k¹ and m³, under the swing frame o³
and roller p' to the second drying cylinder q', from whence the yarn passes in
the usual manner to the warp beam r.
In this machine the two squeezing
rollers k and are driven by the friction plate t and friction pulleys u and v,
the relative speed of the two pair of squeeze rollers being capable of adjust-
ment by varying the positions of the pulleys u and on the friction plate t;
the friction rollers s for driving the warp beam are turned round by the friction
plate and friction pulley y on the shaft y¹, to the end of which is fixed the
bevel wheel y gearing into a similar wheel on the axle of the outer roller s.
The drying cylinder 9 must in this machine be driven by gearing, but the
cylinder q' may be carried round by the yarn in the usual manner.
Figure 4 represents a section of a warp beam constructed according to our
improvements. represents the barrel of the beam, which is grooved or
fluted, so that when the yarn is wound thereon air can enter through the
grooves to the centre of the beam. After about one-third of the beam is full
the cage ¹, consisting of perforated pipes or plain bars, is placed around it,
and again the yarn is wound on until another third is filled; the cage 2²,
similar in construction to the cage z¹, is put on, and then the remainder of
the beam is filled. By this means air can enter and circulate in two or more
parts of the beam, thus preventing mildew.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, we declare that we claim,-
First, the general arrangement of the machines for sizing, dressing, and
beaming yarn and thread, as shewn and described.
Secondly, the supporting the warp beams in a radial frame to equalize the
tension on the yarn, as described.
Thirdly, the application of swing frames to sizing, dressing, and beaming
machines to take up the slack yarn, as shewn and described.
Fourthly, the improved friction apparatus described for driving parts of
sizing, dressing, and beaming machines.

page_text: .
Fifthly, the trough w for supplying air to the yarn to expedite the drying
thereof.
And, lastly, the improved mode of constructing warp beams to prevent
mildew, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the John Wellington Welch, have hereto set.
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of August, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-seven.
JNO. W. WELCH. (L.S.)