Improvements in Baling Presses.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 80th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Baling Presses.
I, JAMES WATSON of 8 Pembridge Villas, Bayswater, in the County of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has reference to baling presses. When cotton or other fibrous
material is submitted to very great pressure in a hydraulic or other powerful press
it is found that the "teeth" of the lashing plates, that is to say, the projecting parts
between the grooves formed in these plates for the passage of the hoops or other
lashings, are liable to cut into and seriously damage the bale.
Now according to my invention I provide that flat or unbroken surfaces of lashing
plates shall be presented to the bale until the pressure is completed and that after
completion of the pressure, grooves or passage ways for the hoops or lashings shall
be produced in the plates. I thus avoid all liability of the bale getting cut and as
there are no grooves that the cotton or material can be forced into during the
pressing operation I produce a bale of smaller measurement with the same
expenditure of power.
For the purpose of my invention I employ filling pieces or removable teeth to fill
up the grooves of the lashing plates during the pressing operation and I withdraw
these pieces or teeth after completion of the pressure so as to allow the hoops or
lashings to be passed through the grooves in order to bind or lash the bale.
go
In carrying out my invention I employ a set of filling pieces at each side of the
lashing plates each set serving to fill up the corresponding grooves from the middle
to the edge of the plate; or the filling pieces may go right through in one picce
from one edge of the plate to the other edge, or the filling pieces may be made to
from both sides and meet at anothor point than the middle, one piece thus being
longer than the opposite one. I make the grooves of gradually increasing depth
from the middle to the edge or from one edge to the other or from the point of the
Alling piece to its outer end and I make the backs of the filling pieces inclined so as
to correspond with the grooves. Normally, that is to say, when the pressure is
being effected, the filling pieces aro pushed into the grooves so as to fill them flush
up to the level of the teeth of the lashing plate. Then when the pressure has been
completed the filling pieces are withdrawn until by the action of the inclines they
recede sufficiently from the face of the teeth or from the bale to allow the hoops to
be inserted between the filling pieces and the bale.
Various arrangements may be adoptod for withdrawing and again pushing in
the filling pieces either singly or two or more together and various arrange-
ments of stops to prevent them sliding ont. According to one method, whereby
all the filling pieces at one side of a lashing plate can be moved together, I
mount a horizontal shaft in bearings either in the teeth of the lashing plate or
in brackets outside the teeth and I connect each filling piece to the shaft by a
orank or arm so that by giving a partial revolution to the shaft in the one direction
or the other by means of a key; spanner, or like device the filling pieces are
withdrawn or inserted as the case may be. Instead of one horizontal shaft I
can employ several short shafts each connected by cranks to one or two of the
filling pieces, these short shafts being turned separately by a spanner.
Instead of each filing piece being made all in one piece whether to roach from
ono edge of the lashing plate to the other or from the middle of the plate to the
edge, it may be composed of a facing piece and an inclined back piece arranged
so that in the withdrawal movement the facing piece remains stationary until
the movement of the back piece has eased it; they can then move back together

page_text: or the facing piece may be left free to be pulled farther out by hand thus
giving more stroke and more opening than can be given by the movement of
the shaft only.
In another way of effecting the withdrawal of the filling pieces I connect
the filling pieces at each side of the top lashing plate to a fixed horizontal
beam or frame, and I connect the filling pieces at the corresponding side of the
bottom lashing plate to another horizontal benm or frame that moves with the
bottom lashing plate. Vortical bars are carried up from this lower beam and pass
into guides in the upper beam. As the rams and bottom lashing plate rise during
the pressing operation these bars rise in the said guides, and when the pressure has
been completed the two beams with their respective filling pieces can be withdrawn
together by means of excentrics, or small hydraulic rams or otherwiso.
In another way of offecting the withdrawal of the filling pieces, I form a notch
in the outer end of each to receive the end of a lever which is inserted into a
recess in the lashing plate. The lever can thus be made to withdraw the filling
pieces either singly or two or more at a time. It is sufficient to start the with-
drawal by means of the lever because the filling pieces having been thereby eased
they can be pulled out the required further distance by hand.
In order to prevent the filling pieces being pushed in too far or to ensure their"
being in the proper position when pushed in, the lashing plates may be provided
with stops. And to ensure their remaining in until they have to be withdrawn I
provide suitable catches or other like devices.
Dated this 28th day of January 1893.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Baling Presses.
I, JAMES WATSON of 8 Pembridge Villas Bayswater in the County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:—
My invention has reference to baling presses. When colton or other fibrous
material is submitted to very great pressure in a hydraulic or other powerful press
it is found that the "tooth" of the lashing plates, that is to say the projecting
parts between the grooves formed in those plates for the passage of the hoops or
other lashings, are liable to cut into and seriously damage the bale.
Now according to my invention I provide that smooth or unbroken surfaces of
lashing plates shall be presented to the bale until the pressure is completed and
that after completion of the pressure grooves or passage ways for the hoops or
lashings shall be produced in the plates. I thus avoid all liability of the bale
getting cut and as there are no grooves that the cotton or material can be forced
into during the pressing operation I produce a bale of smaller measurement with the
same expenditure of power.
For the purpose of my invention I employ filling pieces or removable teeth to
fill up the grooves of the lashing plates during the pressing operation and I with-
draw these pieces.or teeth 'aftor completion of the pressure so as to allow the hoops
or lashings to be passed through the grooves in order to bind or lash the bale.
In carrying out my invention I employ a set of filling picces at each side of the
lashing plates each set serving to fill up the corresponding grooves from the middle
to the edge of the plate, or the filling pieces may go right through in one piece
from one edge of the plate to the other edge, or the filling pieces may be made to
go from both sides and meet at another point than the middle, one piece thus being
longer than the opposito one. I make the grooves of gradually increasing depth

page_text: from the middle to the odge or from one edge to the other, or from the point of the
Alling piece to its outer end, and I make the backs of the filling pieces inclined so
as to correspond with the grooves. Normally, that is to say when the pressure is
being effected, the filling pieces are in the grooves and fill then flush up to the
level of the teeth of the lashing plate. Then when the pressure has been com-
pleted the filling pieces are withdrawn until by the action of the inclines they recedo
sufficiently from the face of the teeth or from the bale to allow the hoops to be
inserted between the filling pieces and the bale.
Various arrangements may be adopted for withdrawing and again pushing in the
filling pieces either singly or two or more together and various arrangements of
stops to prevent their sliding out.
My invention will be fully understood on reference to the accompanying drawings
which represent various ways in which it can be carried into effect.
Figures 1 and 2 are vertical sections taken at right angles to each other of a
bottom lashing plate provided with filling pieces or removable teeth according to
my invention, there being two sets of these filling pieces, viz.-
-one at each side
serving to respectively fill up the grooves of the lashing plate from the middle to
the two edges. In the arrangement shown in these figures all the filling pieces at
one side of the lashing plate can be moved together. a represents the lashing
plate. bare the teeth of same between the grooves formed for the passage of
the hoops or other lashings. cc are the filling pieces which serve to fill up the Baid
grooves. The grooves are of gradually increasing depth from the middle to the
edge as clearly seen at dd, Figure 1, and the backs of the filling pieces ce are
inolined to correspond with the grooves. e is a horizontal shaft, one for each set
of filling pieces, mounted in bearings in the teeth of the lashing plate (or it might.
be mounted in bearings outside the teeth) and either passing right through the
lashing plate in one piece, or as shown made in several sections. When made in
one piece it can be turned by means of a key or like device applied to a square
hole fat one or both ends, or when made in sections the sections may be turnod by
spanners applied to the square parts 9 g. The shafte is formed with cranks h
working in corresponding recesses in the respective filling pieces ce so that by
giving a partial revolution to the shaft e when the filling pieces are in their normal
position, that is to say with their faces flush with the faces of the teeth bb as seen
in full lines, they are withdrawn to the position shown in dotted lines and they have
then receded sufficiently from the face of the teeth and from the bale to allow the
hoops to be inserted between the filling pieces and the bale. When the shaft e is
caused to make a partial turn in the contrary direction the filling pieces return to
their normal position. The slots or gaps i i at the back of the filling pieces are for
purpose of enabling theso picces to be got into position.
the
Figure 3 represents a way of applying the invention to presses in which as for
instance in that known as the "Cyclone" press the bottom lashing plate has to
move up and down a filling box and from a preparing press to a finishing press and
vice versa and in which the top lashing plate has also to move from a preparing
press to a finishing press and vice versa. a is the bottom lashing plate and c c its
filling pieces; a' the top lashing plate and co' the filling pieces of same. hh are
oxcentric shafts going through the filling pieces and also through the teeth of the
lashing plates and which when given a partial rotation withdraw the filling pieces
from the normal positions shown in full lines to the positions shown in the case of
the filling pieces o e' in dotted lines; j represents the bale. kk are stop plates for
keeping the filling pieces o e' in position when there is no pressure upon them.
11 represents the frame with which the lower. lashing plate moves from the
preparing press to the finishing press and vice versa. When the bale is fully com-
pressed the lasbing plate a has been forced up sufficiently high for the filling
pieces cc to clear the top of the frame so that this frame does not interfere with
their being withdrawn.
Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 but showing my invention applied to a
press in which the bottom lashing plate a has not to move up and down a box. In.

page_text: this figure the excentric shafts h h are shown as placed outside the fixed-teeth of
the lashing plates, so that they pass through the filling pieces only. The shafts h h
in Figure 3' may also be similarly placed outside the fixed teeth, and in either
position they may be worked by levers or otherwise.
Figure 5 represents an arrangement in which the filling pieces in both the top
and bottom lashing plates go right across their respective plates instead of each
plate having two sets of filling pieces going from the middle of the plate to the two
edges respectively as shown in the figures already described. The grooves in the
lashing plates correspondingly extend from edge to edge in one incline. a and a¹
are the bottom and top plates respectively and cand e' their respective filling pieces.
In the arrangement shown in this figure the filling pieces are retained in their
normal positions which is that shown in full lines by stop bars m m of semi-circular
section passing from end to end of the lashing plates and mounted in suitable
journals or bearings; these stops being then so placed that they bear against the
filling pieces at the parts n n. When it is required to withdraw the filling pieces
the stop bars are given a partial revolution so as to bring their flat sides in line
with the back faces of their respective sets of filling pieces which are consequently
unlocked. The upper filling pieces o' e' can be readily withdrawn by means of a
lover or bar such as p inserted through openings 9 in the said pieces and made to
bear against the lashing plate a', and they can be retained in the withdrawn position
by turning the upper stop bar m into the position the reverse of that seen in the
figure. The lower filling pieces o can be readily withdrawn by means of a lever
or bar having a stud or projections at each sido to bear against the outside of
the lashing plate a and a hook or noset to enter a recess u in each filling piece as
shown. It is sufficient if the withdrawal of each filling piece be started by means
of the levers or bars, as the remainder of the withdrawal can be effected by hand.
The top of each of the filling pieces c¹ has a sort of flange eat each side so as to be
of T-form in section and the top of the grooves in the lashing plate a¹ is of corre-
sponding section; this arrangement prevents these filling pieces from dropping out.
The lower filling pieces c c are similarly flanged at their lower edge as seen at
provide a larger bearing surface. I represents the frame with which the lower
lashing plate moves from press to press. It will be noticed that the upper and
lower filling pieces are withdrawn at opposite sides of the bale; this gives more
facility for passing the hoops through than if both sets of filling pieces were with-
drawn at the same side.
to
Figure 6 represents in vertical section, Figure 7 in plan and Figure 8 in end
view a top lashing plate the grooves of which are fitted with filling pieces the with-
drawal of which is intended to be effected or started by blows from a hammer given
at their smaller end. Figure 7 shows one filling piece in its normal position and
another in the withdrawn position.
a' is the lashing plate and c'e' the filling pieces which go right across the plate
and the narrow end of which projects beyond the side of the plate; some of them
may for convenience be made to withdraw from one side and the rest from the
other side; vare bolts or screws which act as stops to prevent the filling pieces
being withdrawn too far, and w ware stops to retain the filling pieces after with-
drawal; these stops ww consist of plugs let into holes in the filling pieces; they
are flush with the sides of these pieces when in their normal position, but when the
Baid pieces aro withdrawn tho plugs are pushed so as to project at one side;
screws permanently screwed into the top of the filling pieces enter recesses y y
in the plugs w w and while allowing a limited lateral movement to the plugs prevent
them from being pushed quite out.
Figures 9 and 10 are views respectively the same as Figures 6 and 8 but with
each filling piece made not in one piece but of a facing piece c and an inclined
back piece, the two being suitably connected such as by a loosely fitting
dovetail & so that the back piece can slide on the face piece. With this arrangement
when it is required to withdraw the filling piece the back piece e' is withdrawn in
the manner, already described and during this withdrawal. the facing piece c* will.

page_text: move vertically from the bale. A A arc guides between which the facing pieces eª
rise and fall.
Filling pieces similarly made of a facing piece and an inclined back picco can be
fitted to bottom lashing plates and such filling pieces whether fitted to top er
bottom lashing plates may go either right across the lashing plates as in Figures 5
to 10 or only partly across it as in Figures 1 to 5.
Figure 11 illustrates in vertical section another way of withdrawing the filling
pieces and which may be applied to either bottom or top Inshing plates.
a represents a bottom lashing plate and cc filling pieces extending respectively
from a middle stop B to the respective edges. u is n notch or recess in the lower
part of each filling piece and extending either entirely across the same or not, as
may be thought best. ³ ³ are corresponding recesses in the lashing plate. r is a
lever with nose or hookt to engage with the notches when it is required to
withdraw or start the withdrawal of the filling piecos.
Figures 12, 13 and 14 illustrate another way of fitting or mounting and with-
drawing the filling pieces, Figure 12 being a side olovation, Figure 13 a back view,
and Figure 14 a plan, all partly in section. In this case the filling pieces c¹ of the
top lashing plate a' are connected to a horizontal beam or frame composed of
distance pieces C C and D D secured together by bolts E E passing through them
and through the filling pieces c'. The filling pieces c of the bottom lashing plate a
are similarly connected to another beam or frame F that moves with the bottom
lashing plate a. Vertical bars G G which in the construction shown form the
distanco pieces between the filling pieces c and the lower part of which constitutes
the beam F extend up through the upper beam passing between the back portions
of the filling pieces c¹ which act as guides thereto. As the bottom lashing plate a
is forced up by the rams during the pressing oporation starting from say the
position shown in full lines, the bars G G rise in the said guides until the pressure
is completed, the bottom lashing plate having then reached the position indicated
in dotted lines in Figure 12. The two beams can then be withdrawn by means of
excentrics h h or in any other suitable manner. The two sets of filling pieces and
their respective carrying beams or frames combined as shown in Figures 12,
13 and 14, in addition to sorving the purpose already described can also be
employed as what is known as an "Extractor to withdraw as will be well
understood a partly pressed bale from a preparing press and to introduce it into the
finishing press in which the filling pieces will then serve to fill the grooves botween
the teeth of the lashing plates as set forth.
"
As regards the inclination of the back face of the filling pieces in the various
arrangements hereinboforo described and consequently the inclination of the bottom
of the grooves in the lashing plate, I find that an inclination of about 25° to 30° is
suitable, as with a less inclination it is difficult to release the filling pieces owing to
the great pressure to which they are subjected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the samo is to be performed I declare that what I
olaim in respect of baling presses is :—
1. The employment of movable filling pieces or teeth to fill up the grooves of
the lashing plates during the pressing operation so that these plates shall then
prosent smooth or unbroken surfaces to the bale, the backs of the said filling pieces
and the bottoms of the said grooves being suitably inclined to enable the filling
pieces after the pressure of the bale is completed to be readily withdrawn to a
sufficient extent to leave room in the grooves for the passage of the hoops or other
lashings, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
2. The construction of movable filling pieces or teeth for the purpose stated in
Claim 1, with a facing piece and an inclined back piece, these two pieces being so
connected that while the inclined back piece is being withdrawn after the pressure
of the bale is completed the facing piece moves back from the bale substantially as
hereinbefore described.

page_text: 3. The combination with movable filling pieces or teeth, as referred to in
Claim 1 or in Claim 2, of stops or locking devices to retain them in position during
the pressing operation, substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The combination with movable filling pieces or teeth, as referred to in
Claim 1 or in Claim 2, of stops or locking devices to retain them in position after
having been withdrawn to the required extent, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
5. The various arrangements hereinbefore described and represented in the
accompanying drawings in which movable filling pieces or teeth are employed to
fill up the grooves of lashing plates during the pressing operation and are partly
withdrawn after the pressure is completed, as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 30th day of October 1893.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.