A Wire Brush for Cleaning and Removing Scale from Boilers, Boiler Landings, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Wire Brush for Cleaning and Removing Scale from Boilers, Boiler
Landings, and the like.
I RICHARD PHILIP DAVIS one of the Proprietors of the Liverpool Boiler
Cement Co. of 43 to 49 Hodson Street, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is to provide a cheap and effective tool or
appliance which will thoroughly clean and remove scale from boilers, boiler
landings, and the like, and which will enter well into the angles of all seams and
corners.
I find the most effective tool or appliance for this purpose to consist of a steel
wire brush constructed and arranged as hereinafter described. The steel wire acts
like a file upon the scale and cuts it down, and the peculiar construction and
arrangement of the brush enables the angles of all seams and corners to be
thoroughly cleaned and at the same time prevents injury to the hand of the
operator from rivet heads, bolts, nuts, and the like.
According to my invention I construct, the brush of 26 to 32 guage steel wire
arranged in knots," in lieu of in clusters of single spikes of coarser wire as has
been usual hitherto, since I find this arrangement far more serviceable for the
purpose set forth. To facilitate the insertion of the wire knots into the stock they
are first softened and the temper afterwards restored. I preferably employ an odd
number of rows of these steel wire knots running from front to rear of the brush
stock and so arranged that the front of the brush presents a wedge shape, the
foremost knot of the middle row being the most advanced and the foremost knots
of the other rows gradually receding so as to produce this shape which permits the
front of brush to enter all corners and angles. The number of rows of knots would
of course depend upon the diameter of the knots and desired width of the brush,
"but in practice I find three rows to be a convenient number. When the brush has
been used a little the outside rows will wear and thus impart a wedge shape to the
face of the brush and permit it to readily enter the angles of seams.
.
The handle and stock I prefer to make of wood in one piece, and I curve the
bandle upwards and extend the same backwards so as to keep the hand clear of all
projections on the surface being cleaned and out of contact with the sides of any
corner into which the brush is introduced.
Dy of Danambar 1892
0
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Wire Brush for Cleaning and Removing Scale from Boilers, Boller
Landings, and the like.
! RICHARD PHILIP DAVIS of 43 to 49 Hodson Street, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer of Silicate Fibrous Cement, do hereby.
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of the present invention is to provide a cheap and effective tool or
appliance which will thoroughly clean and remove scale from boilers, boiler
landings, and the like, and which will enter well into the angles of all seams and
corners.
I find the most effective tool or appliance for this purpose to consist of a steel
wire brush constructed and arranged as hereinafter describd.
According to my invention I construct the brush of steel wire. preferably of
24 to 30 gauge, arranged in the brush stock in the form of "knots" (like the bristle
knots in a hair brush for example) in lieu of being inserted therein in the form of
single spikes or clusters of single spikes of very coarse wire as has been usual
hitherto (as in moulders wire brushes for instance). I find a brush formed of steel
wire "knots" as above described answers admirably for the purpose set forth the
said knots acting as a file upon the scale and cutting it down.
I do not consider wire of a finer gauge would be of much utility, and it would not
last much longer when used on hot metal than a good bristle brush; at the same
time a coarser gauge of wire could not well be made into." knots." To facilitate
the formation of the wire "knots" the wire should be first softened and the temper
afterwards restored. I preferably employ an odd number of rows of these steel
wire "knots" running from front to rear of the brush stock and so arranged that
the front of the brush presents a wedge shape, the foremost knot of the middle row
being the most advanced and the foremost knots of the other rows gradually
receding so as to produce this shape which permits the front of brush to enter all
corners and angles. I do not however confine myself to an odd number of rows of
knots though I am inclined to prefer the same, as with an odd number a more
perfect wedge shape can be given to the front of the brush. When the brush has
been used a little the outside rows of knots will wear and a wedge shape will thus
be imparted to the acting face of the brush also, thereby permitting it to readily
enter the angles of scams.
The handle and stock I prefer to make integral of wood, and I extend the handle
upwards and backwards so as to keep the hand clear of all projections on the
surface being cleaned and out of contact with the sides of any corner into which
the brush is introduced.
I will now proceed to more particularly describe a steel wire brush constructed
according to my invention having reference to the accompanying drawings in
which :-
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 a plan of the brush.
Figure 3 shews the shape of hole I prefer to employ in the stock for the reception
of the wire knots.
Similar letters refer to corresponding parts in all figures.
a is the stock, and 6 is the handle of the brush preferably made integral of wood.
It will be noted that the handle 6 extends upwards and backwards from the stock
which keeps the hand clear of all projections on the surface being cleaned and out
of contact with the sides of any corner into which the brush may be introduced.
c are the wire "knots" secured in the stock a by the wires d in a similar manner to
the bristle knots in hair brushes. In the drawings I have represented a brush
provided with three rows of knots c running from front to rear of the stock the
foremost knot of the middle row being the most advanced for the purpose before
mentioned. In order to prevent the knots c from being driven into or forced
through the stock by any means, as by striking the brush sharply upon any surface
to free it from scale or grit for example, I form the holes into which the said
knots are inserted in two sections of different diameters (see Figure 3) one section
of the hole being bored from one side of the stock and the other section from the
opposite side, a shoulder e¹ is thus formed in the hole e which prevents the knots
from being driven into or forced through the stock a. Or in lieu of holes e of the
above described shape tapering holes e might be employed.
"
1

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be formed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. As a new article of manufacture, a wire brush composed of steel wire arranged
in "knots," the holes into which said knots are inserted being smaller at one end
than the other, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
2. In a wire brush, steel wire "knots c combined with holes formed with
shoulders e' substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings.
3. As a new article of manufacture a wire brush constructed and arranged
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1894.
E. P. ALEXANDER & Son,
Fels. Chartered Inst. Patent Agents,
19, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
For the Applicant.