Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1898
Complete Specification Left. 14th June, 1899-Accepted. 19th Aug.. 1899
Date of Application, 25 Aug., 1090
Complete Specification Left. 14th June, 1899-Accepted. 19th Aug., 1899
Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
We, GEORGES ERNEST ALEXANDRE HALLAM DE NITTES, of 15, Rue Charlet, and
LEON CAMILLE WILIAM MÄHIL, of 42, Rue St. Didier, both of Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators, the characteristic
feature of which is that the generator proper is provided with an auxiliary
tubular body, which is connected to a system of refrigerating tubes with internal
or external circulation in contact with the water of the generator, being con-
tained in the whole auxiliary apparatus, namely the tubular and refrigerating
body, is heated in the first and, as it circulates in the second, communicates its
heat to the water of the generator by conducting action through the walls of
the tubes of this refrigerator.
We will describe a water tube boiler of the type constructed according to our
invention; embodying the application of the principle above explained, this
boiler is characterized by different constructional arrangements as regards the
whole apparatus as well as detail parts thereof.
Our boiler comprises a group of generator tubes proper, and an auxiliary
group of generator tubes. These groups formed of removable sets or elements
open into a sheet or column of liquid at one of their ends and are constituted
as follows:
Each element which, itself constitutes a small tubular group is formed of a
crown of tubes in the centre of which a tube of a larger diameter is placed;
these tubes are grouped at one end in a box or chamber provided with a stopper
affording means for inspection.
At the other end they open into a column divided, in direction of its thick-
ness, in two parts by a partition or diaphragm; the central tube opens up against
the front part of the liquid column, whilst the crown tubes open up against tho
rear part of the liquid column.
The connection of the set or element of tubes with the double sheet or column
of liquid is effected by the aid of a stopper.
This stopper by means of its web effects the separation in the opening provided
in the sides of the double sheet or liquid column; this said web or part joins
a tubular part, which forms a prolongation of the large tube and forms part of
a disc, which connects the set or element of tubes with the rear wall of the com-
partment containing the double column of water; the joint between these two
pieces is obtained by a slightly conical fitting and a double key or pin. Another
part of the stopper constitutes a frame, which ensures the rigid connection

page_text: between the cover parts and web parts while nevertheless permitting of the
communication of the tubular prolongation and consequently of the central
tube with the front column.
The cover part of the stoppering device is adapted to close the orifice in the
front surface of the water sheet or column.
The joint of this cover part is obtained by the aid of a ferrule which forces a
ring or mounting between the circumference of the opening and a shoulder of
the cover part; this ferrule is held in position at its periphery by the aid of three-
armed flanges or of washers, usually six in number, one arm or one part of each
of them bears against the ferrule whilst the other arms or parts bear against the
stoppers of the adjacent elements. Tubular passages or connections permit of
cleaning the flue by means of steam jets.
As regards the joint between the aforesaid disc and the rear surface of the
water sheet or column the same is ensured by a packing, suitably pressed between
a shoulder of the disc and the truncated conical bearing for this shoulder, pro-
vided on the walling.
The double liquid sheet or column is separated in two completely independent
parts, one serving for the group of elements forming the auxiliary tubular body
and the other for the generator group proper; there are thus two double sheets
or columns of liquid, one for the auxiliary group and the other for the generator
group.
Above the generator group a reservoir is provided in which the water level
of the boiler is formed and where the steam outlets as well as the safety and
controlling devices are arranged.
A diaphragm ensures a suitable circulation of the water and divides the mass
of water, contained in this reservoir, into two parts; one of them communicates
with the front sheet or column by means of a series of tubes and the other com-
municates with the second sheet or column by means of another series of tubes.
It is evident, that under these conditions the circulation of the water takes
place, by difference of density from the hottest parts toward the less heated
parts, in the following manner: the water descends from the reservoir through
tubes into the front column, enters all the central tubes of the sets or elements
which it traverses, until it reaches the outermost boxes or chambers returns
through the small or crown tubes into the second column, then reascends to the
reservoir; thus a very active circulation is obtained.
It will be observed that the circulation in the clements may be effected by
causing the water to enter through the crown tubes and to leave through the
central tubes.
In the reservoir a chamber bounded by partition walls is provided, which does
not communicate with the said reservoir; the two outermost chambers thus
formed communicate with each other by a set of tubes which traverse the afore-
said chambers. The reservoir is thus formed by the two chambers and the
capacity of the connecting tubes.
The set of connecting tubes is composed of a sufficiently large number of tubes
of small diameter ensuring the communication between the two outer chambers
in the region, occupied by the water and a few tubes of larger diameter located
principally at the upper part in the region, occupied by the steam.
The chamber traversed by the tubes communicates at two places by means
of two tubes with the two parts of the double liquid sheet or column especially
serving for the auxiliary generator group.
Before further proceeding with the description of the other part of our boiler,
we will first explain the principle and the operation of our system, which as
has been seen, consists in the connection of the auxiliary generator group to the
generator group proper; the former containing a liquid such as oil, for instance;
this liquid is placed in continuous circulation in the chamber where it bathes
the system of tubes, in the auxiliary generator group and its double sheet or
column absolutely like the water in the generator proper.

page_text: The elements of the auxiliary group being nearest the furnace are raised to
the highest temperature, but as they always remain filled with liquid and as tho
latter is not changed or at least changed only to a small extent, no overheating
need be feared, because the tubes are not subject to being emptied and because
no sediment is formed, therein; as the liquid is in circulation it is constantly
renewed in contact with the system of tubes of the reservoir chamber but as
these tubes are internally traversed by the water from the boiler, an exchange of
temperature is effected across their sides between the liquid, contained in the
auxiliary generator and the water of the generator proper, which takes up the
heat which the liquid of the auxiliary generator has accumulated.
Our system thus principally consists in placing near the furnace those which
are most susceptible, to effect an overheating of certain elements, of the boiler,
of elements which are completely independent, always filled with a liquid other
than the water of the boiler, not being or very seldom renewed, consequently
not susceptible of being overheated, and to transport or convey the accumulated
heating energy by this liquid body while sending it around a system of tubes
traversed by the water of the generator proper, to which the heat, received by
the liquid of the auxiliary generator in the elements of the latter, is restored
with losses which are so small that they need not be taken into account.
Thus, in the type of boiler, which we have herein described, the reservoir or
capacity is so arranged, that the liquid of the auxiliary generator circulates
around the connecting tubes, which are internally traversed by the water of the
generator proper; this arrangement might evidently be reversed by causing
the liquid, contained in the auxiliary generator, to pass through the tubes, which
would be externally bathed by the water of the boiler.
Nor do we limit ourselves to a particular liquid or body to serve for use in the
auxiliary generator; this may be an oil or any fusible compound or the like.
Although, from a more general point of view, we have described a particular
type of boiler for carrying our system into effect, we do not limit ourselves to
this special type of generator and desire to point out, that our invention may be
applied to all kinds of generators, either to tubes, filled with liquid (the general
water tube type) or to tubes traversed by the gases from the furnace (the general
multitubular type) or to boiler tubes of any other kind; our auxiliary generator
may instead be arranged in the form of a liquid sheet or column, as a boiler tube,
in any furnace, with the object to protect the water tubes and the walls of the
furnace, while yet utilizing the heat existing at the protected point, by trans-
mitting the same to the water of the generator at a suitable place of the latter
and in the manner, explained.
In the boiler described the feed water first passes through a feed water heater
before it enters the reservoir, it enters the latter by a smaller reservoir, above
the generator group proper a steam drying device is arranged; baffles are provided
in the chamber to ensure perfect circulation in all points of the latter.
auxiliary generator may like the main generator, be provided with all the
requisite safety and controlling devices.
The
We will now describe a burner for a heating device, in which heavy oils are
employed.
This method of heating is especially suitable in combination with the auxiliary
generator, seeing that there can be employed, as the liquid serving to fill the
latter, the heavy oil, which is burnt; as this oil is raised to a high temperature,
it presents very favourable conditions for being passed to the burner; the latter
is arranged in the following manner:
The oil vapours arrive from the upper part of the receiver or chamber by a
pipe, enter the injector by way of a series of openings and escape around a conical
piece placed at the end of this tube; the latter is capable of being displaced
relatively to the cone by the aid of a screw, whereby the amount of oil vapour
escaping at this point can be varied; this sheet or spray of oil vapour meets heated
liquid oil, conveyed by a pipe from one of the elements of the auxiliary generator

page_text: and escaping through a ring or crown of orifices; under the action of the jet of
oil vapour the extremely hot and liquid oil is atomized and the fluid in motion
sucks in through a series of air cones, the amount of air required for combustion;
the oil thus diffused or atomized is ignited in the furnace either by the aid of
another fuel or by any other suitable means.
The system of heating employed jointly with a heating by a smoke producing
combustible effects a complete consumption of the smoke, if a device be used, by
which the gases, arising from the furnace heated by a fuel liable to smoke, such
as coal, are located in the ozone of combustion of the gases, arising from oil
burners of the kind above described, provided of course, that the proportions are
suitably chosen.
The conditions which are indispensible for causing the smoke to be consumed,
are:
1. A sufficient temperature of the centre or plane where the gaseous combustion
is to be produced.
2. A supply of oxygen ensured by an air feed of a given quantity, sufficient but
not in excess;
3. It is necessary that the gaseous body should be of an inflammable nature.
These conditions, which have heretofore been fully realized, may be obtained
by the aid of our burner, combined with the following arrangement:
In prolongation of the set of air cones we place a pipe pierced with openings
and surrounded by a sheath of refractory substance, likewise pierced with open-
ings upon the same circumferences as the first mentioned openings and which
may correspond to them more or less completely according to the extent, to
which the pipe adapted to turn on itself, is displaced in its sheath.
By these means the amount of gas conveyed by the burner and which escapes
through the aforesaid openings perpendicularly to the sheath can be modified;
the ignition of this gas (that is to say the oil in a highly divided state) then
takes place on leaving the openings of the refractory sheath.
This system may be employed in combination with a carbon furnace in the
following manner: in the case of our generator we place-apart from the burners,
which may be arranged below the auxiliary group-several sheathed burners
among the tubular group.
If the gaseous substances, arising from the carbon-furnace, are wanting in
richness of carburet in order to become ignited, the oil burners will supply them
therewith to the required extent. The medium temperature, although it be
higher than in the neighbourhood of the metal walls of ordinary boilers, may, of
course, be considered to be under 700 to 900 degrees Centigrade, required for the
combustion of the smoke-forming-gases, but the enrichment in carburet effected
in the manner described, lowers the limit, at which ignition takes place, to the
desired degree; thus control is had over the surrounding temperature, finally
the change or mixture of air is effected in exactly the desired degree by the
regulation of the air fed to the burners.
Thus, in our system the smoke consumption is obtained by reliable and
systematic means, the only condition being that the regulation of the burners
be effected carefully by admitting in proper proportions, according to circum-
stances, oil vapours, hot liquid oil and finally air into the cones.
Having thus described and explained the principle of our generator system and
a type of boiler constructed on this principle and a device adapted as hydro-
carbon burners, we declare, that we reserve the right of carrying our invention
into effect in any appropriate manner, which does not alter the same in sub-
stance and to apply it to all kinds of generators and boilers; to place for example
the auxiliary generator tubes at any suitable point relatively to the furnace, to
place the refrigerator at any suitable point relatively to the boiler, to even
arrange the refrigerator tubes in the interior of the generator tubes proper
instead of connecting them at one single point, and although our burner and its

page_text: sinoke consuming arrangement are especially applicable to our boiler, we yet
reserve the right of applying it to all kinds of generators.
In the particular type of boiler which we have above described, we reserve the
right of varying the constructional details, joints and so forth in any manner
without thereby in any way departing from the spirit of the invention.
Dated this 29th day of August 1898.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
We, GEORGES ERNEST ALEXANDRE HALLAM DE NITTES, of 15, Rue Charlet, and
LEON CAMILLE WILIAM MÄHIL, of 42, Rue St. Didier, both of Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
.
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators, the characteristic
feature of which is, that the generator proper is provided with an auxiliary cir-
culation system containing a different liquid, and consisting, first, of a tubular
portion or element exposed to the more intense heat of the heating apparatus,
and, second of a system of tubes with internal or external circulation for the
water of the generator where it is exposed to a lesser degree of heat; the liquid
contained in the auxiliary system is heated in the first portion, and, by circulat-
ing through the second, communicates its heat to the boiler water, by conduction
through the walls of the circulating tubes in the steam collector.
We will describe a water tube boiler constructed according to our invention;
embodying the application of the principle above explained, this boiler is
characterized by different constructional arrangements as regards the whole
apparatus as well as detail parts thereof.
This generator is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section thereof.
Figure 2 a cross section on line 2, 2, of Figure 1.
Figure 3 a sectional plan on line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a part sectional plan on line 44 of Figure 2;
Figure 5 shows a set or element in detail;
Figure 6 represents in longitudinal section a mineral oil burner;
Figure 7, represents in longitudinal section a burner provided with a device
for obtaining a thorough consumption of the smoke in furnaces in which a mixed
fuel is employed, and
Figure 8 represents in section a device of such burners applied to a boiler in
which a mixed heating is effected.
Our boiler comprises a group of generating tubes, proper A and an auxiliary
group of generator tubes B. These groups formed of removable sets or elements
open into a sheet or column of liquid at one of their ends and are constituted as
follows:
Each element which itself constitutes a small tubular group is formed of a crown
of tubes CCC in the centre of which a tube 1) of a larger diameter is placed :
these tubes C C and D are grouped at one end in a box or chamber E provided
with a stopper e Figure 5 affording means for inspection.

page_text: At the other end they open into a column of liquid (Figure 1), divided, in
direction of its thickness, into two parts F1 F2 by a partition or diaphragm f;
the central tube D opens un against the front part of the liquid column F, whilst
the crown tubes CC open up against the rear part of the liquid column F2.
The connection of the set or element of tubes with the double sheet or column
of liquid is effected by the aid of the stopper G g g' see Figure 5.
This stopper by means of its web gl effects the separation in the opening pro-
vided in the sides of the double sheet or liquid column; this said web or part gl
joins a tubular part h which forms a prolongation of the large tube D and forms
part of a disc H, which connects the set or element of tubes with the rear wall
of the compartment, containing the double column of water; the joint between
these two pieces is effected by a slightly conical fitting and a double key or pin g².
The part of the stopper G g g' constitutes a frame, which ensures the rigid con-
nection between the cover G and g', while nevertheless permitting of the com-
munication of the tubular prolongation and consequently of the central tube D
with the front column F.
The cover G of the stoppering device is adapted to close the orifice in the front
surface of the water sheet or column.
The joint of this said cover G is obtained by the aid of a ferrule g³, which
forces a ring or mounting between the circumference of the open ring and
a shoulder of the cover G; this ferrule is held in position at its periphery by the
aid of three-armed flanges I or of washers, usually six in number, one arm or
one part of each of them bears against the ferrule ³, whilst the other arms or
parts bear against stoppers of the adjacent elements. The connections gare
tubular passages or connections and permit of cleansing the flue by means of
steam jets.
As regards the joint between the aforesaid disc H and the rear surface of the
water sheet or column the same is ensured by a packing h¹, suitably pressed
between a shoulder of the disc H and the truncated conical bearing for this
shoulder, provided on the walling.
The double sheet or column of liquid F is separated in two completely indepen-
dent parts, one flf serving for the group of elements forming the auxiliary
tubular body and the other F F for the generator group proper; there are thus
two double sheets or columns of liquid, one for the auxiliary group and the other
for the generator group.
Above the generator group a reservoir J is provided, in which the water
level of the boiler is formed and where the steam-outlets as well as the safety
and controlling devices are arranged.
A diaphragm ; ensures a suitable circulation of the water and divides the
mass of water, contained in this reservoir, into two parts; one of them com-
municates with the front sheet or column F' by means of a series of tubes j¹ and
the other communicates with the second sheet or column F2 by means of another
series of tubes j².
It is evident, that under these conditions the circulation of the water takes
place, by difference of density from the hottest parts towards the less heated parts,
in the following manner: the water descends from the reservoir J through the
tubes into the front column F¹, enters all the central tubes D of the sets or
elements which it traverses, until it reaches the outermost boxes or chambers E,
returns through the small or crown tubes CC... into the second column F², then
reascends to the reservoir, by the tubes 2; thus a very active circulation is
obtained.
It will be observed that the circulation in the elements may be effected by
causing the water to enter through the crown tubes C C . . . . and to leave through
the central tubes D.
In the reservoir J a chamber K bounded by partition walls kk, is provided,
which does not communicate with the said reservoir; the two outermost
chambers JJ thus formed, communicate with each other by a set of tubes k¹

page_text: which traverse the aforesaid chamber K. The reservoir J is thus formed by the
two chambers J1 J1 and the capacity of the connecting tubes
.
The set of connecting tubes k¹ is composed of a sufficiently large number of
tubes of small diameter ensuring the communication between the two outer
chambers JJ in the region, occupied by the water and a few tubes of larger
diameter K2 K located principally at the upper part in the region occupied by
the steam.
The chamber K traversed by the tubes communicates at two places by means
of two tubes Figures 2 and 4 with the two parts. fl f2 of the double liquid
sheet or column especially serving for the auxiliary generator group.
Before further proceeding with the description of the other parts of our boiler
we will first explain the principle and the operation of our system, which as has
been seen, consists in the connection of the auxiliary generator group to the
generator group proper; the former containing a liquid such as oil, for instance;
this liquid passes in continuous circulation through the chamber K, surrounding
the tubes therein, thence through the auxiliary generator group and its double
sheet or column f f absolutely like the water in the generator group.
The elements of the auxiliary group nearest the furnace are raised to the
highest temperature, but as they always remain filled with liquid and as the
latter is not changed or at least changes only to a small extent, no overheating
need be feared, because the tubes are not subject to being emptied and because
no sediment is formed therein; as the liquid is in circulation it is constantly
renewed in contact with the system of tubes of the reservoir chamber K; but as
these tubes are internally traversed by the water from the boiler, an exchange
of temperature is effected across their sides between the liquid, contained in the
auxiliary generator and the water of the generator proper, which takes up the
heat which the liquid of the auxiliary generator has accumulated.
Our system thus principally consists in placing in the furnace at the points
most susceptible to the effects of over heating, elements which are completely
independent of the steam generating part of the boiler and which are always
filled with a liquid other than the water of the boiler. This liquid
does not require, or very seldom requires renewing and consequently
the element is not susceptible of being over heated, and to trans-
port or convey the accumulated heating energy by this liquid body
while sending it around a system of tubes traversed by the water of the generator
proper, to which the heat, received by the liquid of the auxiliary generators in
the elements of the latter, is restored with losses which are so small that they
need not be taken into account.
Thus in the type of boiler which we have herein described, the reservoir or
capacity K is so arranged, that the liquid of the auxiliary generator circulates
around the connecting tubes k¹, which are internally traversed by the water of
the generator proper; this arrangement might evidently be reversed by causing
the liquid, contained in the auxiliary generator, to pass through the tubes, which
would be externally bathed by the water of the boiler.
Nor do we limit ourselves to a particular liquid or body to serve for use in the
auxiliary generator; this may be an oil or any fusible compound or the like.
Although, from a more general point of view, we have described a particular
type of boiler for carrying our system into effect, we do not limit ourselves to
this special type of generator and desire to point out, that our invention may be
applied to all kinds of generators, either to tubes, filled with liquid (the general
water tube type) or to tubes traversed by the gases from the furnace (the general
multitubular type) or to boiler tubes of any other kind; our auxiliary generator
may instead be arranged in the form of a liquid sheet or column, as a boiler
tube, in any furnace with the object to protect the water tubes and the walls of
the furnace, while yet utilizing the heat existing at the protected point, by
transmitting the same to the water of the generator at a suitable place of the
latter and in the manner explained.
In the boiler represented in the accompanying drawings the feed water first

page_text: passes through a feed water heater L before it enters the reservoir J; it enters
the latter by a smaller reservoir in the compartment J'; above the generator
group proper a steam drying device M is arranged; baffles N are provided in the
chamber to ensure perfect circulation at all points of the latter. The auxiliary
generator may, like the main generator, be provided with all the requisite safety
and controlling devices.
We have represented in the accompanying drawing (Figure 6) a burner for
a heating device, in which heavy oils are employed.
This method of heating is especially suitable in combination with the auxiliary
generator, seeing that these can be employed as the liquid serving to fill the
latter, the heavy oil, which is burnt; as this oil is raised to a high temperature
it presents very favourable conditions for being passed to the burner; the latter
is arranged in the following manner:
The oil vapours arrive from the upper part of the receiver or chamber K by
a pipe O and enter the injector tube o (Figure 6) by way of a series of openings ol,
and escape around a conical piece at o³, placed at the end of this tube; the latter
is capable of being displaced relatively to the cone by the aid of a screw o³
whereby the amount of oil vapour escaping at this point can be varied; this
sheet or spray of oil vapour meets heated liquid oil, conveyed by a pipe 1 from
one of the elements of the auxiliary generator and escaping through a ring or
crown of orifices p; under the action of the jet of oil vapour the extremely hot
and liquid oil is atomized and the fluid in motion sucks in through a series of
air cones QQQ, the amount of air required for combustion, the oil thus diffused
or atomized is ignited in the furnace either by the aid of another fuel or by any
other suitable means.
This system of heating employed jointly with heating by means of a smoke
producing combustible, effects a complete consumption of the smoke, if a device
be used, by which the gases, arising from the furnace heated by a fuel liable to
smoke, such as coal, are located in the zone of combustion of the gases, arising
from oil burners of the kind above described, provided of course, that the pro-
portions are suitably chosen.
The conditions which are indispensable for causing the smoke to be consumed,
are:
1. A sufficient temperature at the centre or place where the gaseous combustion
is to be produced.
2. A supply of oxygen ensured by an air feed of a given quantity, sufficient
but not in excess.
3. It is necessary that the gaseous body should be of an inflammable nature.
These conditions, which have heretofore been fully realized, may be obtained
by the aid of our burner, combined with the following arrangement.
In prolongation of the set of air cones we place a pipe R (Figure 7), pierced
with openings rrr.... and surrounded by a sheath R, of refractory substance,
likewise pierced with openings l l l upon the same circumferences as the first
mentioned openings and which may correspond to them more or less com-
pletely according to the extent, to which the pipe R is displaced in its sheath R¹.
By these means the amount of gas, conveyed by the burner and which escapes
through the aforesaid openings r r perpendicularly to the sheath can be modified;
the ignition of this gas (that is to say the oil in a highly divided state) then takes
place on leaving the openings of the refractory sheath.
This system may be employed in combination with a coal burning furnace
in the following manner; in our generator we place in addition to the burners,
arranged below the auxiliary group-several sheathed burners among the tubular
group, as shown in Figure 8.
If the gases from the coal fire are wanting in richness of carburet, in order to
become ignited, the oil burners will supply them therewith to the required
extent. The medium temperature, although it be higher than in the neighbour-
hood of the metal walls of ordinary boilers, may, of course, be considered to

page_text: be under 700 to 900 degrees Centigrade, required for the combustion of the
smoke-forming-gases, but the enrichment in carburet effected in the manner
described, lowers the limit, at which ignition takes place, to the desired degree;
thus control is had over the surrounding temperature, finally the change or
mixture of air is effected in exactly the desired degree by the regulation of the
air fed to the burners.
Thus in our system the smoke consumption is obtained by reliable and
systematic means, the only condition being that the regulation of the burners be
effected carefully by admitting in proper proportions, according to circumstances,
oil vapours, hot liquid oil, and finally air into the cones.
Having thus described and explained the principle of our generator system and
a type of boiler constructed on this principle, and a device adapted to work as
a hydrocarbon burner, we declare that we reserve the right of carrying our inven-
tion into effect in any appropriate manner, which does not alter the same in
substance, and to apply it to all kinds of generators and boilers; to place for
example the auxiliary generator tubes at any suitable point relatively to the
furnace, to place the tubes k¹ at any suitable point relatively to the boiler, to
even arrange the tubes in the interior of the generator tubes proper instead
of connecting them at one single point, and although our burner and its smoke
consuming arrangement are especially applicable to our boiler, we yet reserve
the right of applying it to all kinds of generators.
In the particular type of boiler which we have above described we reserve the
right of varying the constructional details, joints and so forth in any manner
without thereby in any way departing from the spirit of the invention."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:
1. In combination with generators or boilers of all types, the use of an auxiliary
generator, formed of tubes, boiler tubes and the like preferably arranged at such
places of the furnace which are susceptible of causing over heating of certain
tubes, boiler tubes of the ordinary generator or even of the walls of the furnace,
this auxiliary generator being connected to a system of tubes (k), in contact with
the water or the liquid of the main generator the whole of the auxiliary generator
and of the system of tubes (k¹), being completely distinct from the main generator
and enclosing a mass of a liquid of any suitable nature, in such a manner, that
when this liquid is set in circulation in the whole auxiliary device owing to the
difference of density determined by the heat, assisted, if found necessary by
a suitable arrangement of baffles-the liquid, heated in the auxiliary generator,
transmits the heat, which it has received, to the water of the main generator by
conducting action across the walling of the system of tubes (k) substantially as
herein described and specified.
2. The special arrangement of a boiler of the general water tube type, con-
structed according to the system which forms the subject of the first claim,
essentially consisting of an auxiliary generator group, placed nearest the furnace,
surmounted by the main generator group, a water reservoir provided with steam-
outlets and safety devices and communicating with the main group being
arranged at the upper part, this reservoir containing a system of tubes (¹), com-
municating with the auxiliary group, substantially as herein described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. In the boiler of the water tube type which forms the subject of the second
claim, the method of constituting an element by a set of tubes CC... surrounding
a central tube D, these tubes terminating at one end in a common chamber E,
forming or acting as a stopper and, at the other end, in a sheet or column of
liquid, divided into two parts F1 F through its thickness, the central tube D
terminating in one of the parts of this sheet or column and the tubes which
surround the same, terminating in the other, in such a manner, that the liquid

page_text: arriving in one of the parts of the sheet or column, enters the element either by
the central tube, or by the tubes which surround the same, circulates until
arriving at the space E which terminates them, then returns into the second part
of the sheet or column of liquid by the outer tubes or by the central tube, as
the case may be, substantially as herein described with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
4. In combination with the auxiliary generator device, forming the subject
of the first claim, a burner for heating with mineral oils especially suitable for
being used with liquid oil and oil vapour, supplied to the whole auxiliary device,
which latter then works with the oil which is burnt, the distributor being formed
by a tube o, in which the oil vapour arrives, which leaves in form of a conical
sheet or spray at o² and meets heated liquid oil arriving through a crown of
orifices P, the diffused or atomized oil thus formed, causing an air draught in a
set of cones Q, wherein it is ignited, substantially as herein described with refer-
ence to the accompanying drawings.
5. In combination with the mineral oil burner, forming the subject of the
fourth claim, a device by which, in carbon furnaces, a smoke consumption can
be obtained, this device consisting of a perforated tube, arranged in prolongation
of the burner, and surrounded by a likewise perforated sheath, in which it can be
so displaced, as to cause the orifices to more or less coincide, the ignition of the
gas taking place, where it leaves the said orifices, substantially as herein described
and specified with reference to the accompanying drawing.
6. The constructional details of a boiler, element, substantially as described
with reference to the accompanying drawing.
7. The whole apparatus and the various constructional details of the boiler
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
D
1 11: 1411 J T
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.