Dissolvable Materials, and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1885

page_text: Dissolvable Materials, and in Apparatus therefor.
I MAURICE BAUER, Civil Engineer, of 8 Union Court in the City of London, E.C.
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING
FAT AND OTHER SUBSTANCES FROM DISSOLVABLE MATERIALS, AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR a communication from Josef Merz of Farnov, in the Empire of Austria,
Chemist, to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to extract the fats, oils, sulphur, colors, and all
other matters capable of being abstracted by heat and vaporisation from the bodies
which contain such products. My invention may also be used to clean and discolor
greasy substances.
In carrying out my invention I place the matter to be operated upon in a
jacketted receiver. The lower part of this is partitioned off, thus forming a
separate chamber, in which a coil of perforated steam pipe is fitted. A syphon is
fitted leading from the lower chamber to the upper, and having a tap fitted near
its juncture with the upper chamber to shut off the communication between
the two.
Above the jacket of the receiver, and communicating therewith a tubular
condenser is fitted, the upper part of which has a pipe leading to a coil of pipe
fitted to another vessel on a level therewith. The lower end of this latter vessel
has a closed chamber communicating by a pipe with the jacket of the first
mentioned vessel.
Suitable manholes or doors are fitted for insertion and withdrawal of the liquids
and other materials, and taps for shutting off communications and withdrawing
steam, vapour and liquids,
The ingredients to be operated upon having been placed in the receiver and the
doors closed, the material to be used as a dissolvent is then placed in the coil holder,
and is allowed to enter the jacket to a certain height.
Steam is then turned on to the lower chamber, whereby it is heated to the
necessary degree for vaparising the fat or other matter to be separated. The
dissolvent also vaporises, and, passing through the condenser to the coil, is thereby
condensed and returned to the jacket. The process is thus rendered continuous
and uninterrupted, until all the extractions have been effected.

page_text: The process may be rendered periodic by the withdrawal of the whole of the
substances at one time, or continuous by a gradual supply and withdrawal.
In using my said apparatus for purposes of discoloration, bleaching or purifying,
the main receiver is partially filled with animal charcoal or any other discoloring
or bleaching material; the upper part is then filled with the matter to be purified !
or bleached, and the process is continued as above described.
Improvements in Extracting Fat and other Substances from
Dissolvable Materials, and in Apparatus therefor,
I, MAURICE BAUER, Civil Engineer, of 8 Union Court, in the City of London, E.C.,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
The object of my invention is to extract the fats, oils, sulphur, colors, and all
other matters capable of being extracted by heat and vaporisation from the bodies
which contain such products. My invention may also be used to clean and discolor
greasy substances.
In carrying out my invention I place the matter to be operated upon in a
jacketted receiver. The lower part of this is partitioned off, thus forming a
separate chamber, in which a coil of perforated steam pipe is fitted. A.syphon
pipe is fitted leading from the lower chamber to the upper, and having a tap fitted
near its junction with the upper chamber to shut off the communication between
the two.
Above the jacket of the receiver, and communicating therewith a tubular
condenser is fitted, the upper part of which has a pipe leading to a coil of pipe
fitted to another vessel on a level therewith. The lower end of this latter vessel
has a closed chamber communicating by a pipe with the jacket of the first mentioned
vessel.
Suitable manholes or doors are fitted for insertion and withdrawal of the liquids
and other materials, and taps for shutting off communications and withdrawing
steam, vapour and liquids.
The ingredients to be operated upon having been placed in the receiver and the
doors closed, the material to be used as a dissolvent is then placed in the coil
holder, and is allowed to enter the jacket to a certain height.
Steam is then turned on to the lower chamber, whereby it is heated to the
necessary degree for vaporising the fat or other matter to be separated. The

page_text: dissolvent also vaporises, and, passing through the condenser to the coil, is thereby
condensed and returned to the jacket. The process is thus rendered continuous
and uninterrupted, until all the extractions have been effected.
The process may be rendered periodic by the withdrawal of the whole of the
substances at one time, or continuous by a gradual supply and withdrawal.
In using my said apparatus for purposes of discoloration, bleaching or purifying,
the main receiver is partially filled with animal charcoal or any other discoloring
or bleaching material; the upper part is then filled with the matter to be purified
or bleached, and the process is continued as above described.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, shewing a sectional elevation
of my invention.
a is the receiver, b is a manhole for the insertion of the material to be operated
upon, and c is a similar manhole for the withdrawal of the same. The casing i
forms a jacket to the receiver a. f is a perforated coil of steam pipe, which is
supplied with steam of a suitable temperature, and which steam escapes into the
space d and jacket i. e is a condenser fitted to the upper part of the casing i
Two tube plates tt are fitted in the condenser; uu are straight tubes fitted into
the tube plates, steam-tight. vv are openings for the circulation of air or water,
to carry away the surplus heat and condense the vapour. 7 is a pipe leading from
upper end of the condenser to the coil o, in the reservoir m. The lower end of
the coil o opens into the chamber n, through the partition p. g g' is a syphon, the
lower end of which, at g, is connected to the chamber d; the other end of the
syphon at h is fitted with a tap r, and perforated plate 8, leading to the lower end
of the receiver a. The chamber n is fitted with a perforated pipe k and tap g.
the
The receiver a is fed or supplied with the material to be operated upon through
the manhole b, which is then closed steam-tight. The solvent materials are placed
in the chamber n, through the pipe x. The cock q is then opened, and the solvents
are allowed to run until they rise above the level g' of the syphon. The tap r is
then opened, and the solution runs through the syphon into the chamber d. Steam
is then turned on to the coil f, and the solvent becomes partly vaporised. The
vapours pass upwards into the jacket i and to the condenser e, thereby heating the
contents of a. The vapour passing upward to the condenser e, becomes partially
condensed, the remaining vapour passing by the pipe to the coil o, where the
vapours become entirely condensed, and descend, in a fluid state, to the chamber n,
from whence the condensed fluid returns to the chamber d, to be again vaporised.
The tank m is supplied with cold water to carry away the heat from the pipe o.
The process may be continued uninterruptedly until the extraction is complete ;
or may be carried out intermittently, and both the materials and solvents changed
as often as desirable, the latter being drawn off by the tap w.
When the extraction has been effected the condensed water is drawn off, and
steam is passed into d and a. The steam passes through e into the coil o, and from
thence, in a condensed state, to the receiver, and is drawn off at w.
In order to use the apparatus for bleaching purposes, the receiver a is filled to a
certain height with animal charcoal, or other suitable bleaching substance; the
upper part is then filled with the material to be bleached or purified; the process
being continued as before described. The condensed solution, returning to a, is
purified in the lower part of a, and again vaporised.
It is obvious that my invention may be constructed in many modified forms.
The pipe x being always open, no explosion can take place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The manufacture and use of apparatus for the purposes aforesaid, consisting
of the jacketted receiver a, chamber d, automatic syphon g g¹ hrs, and condenser e,
anbotantially as hangin hafa des

page_text: 2. The utilisation, in apparatus for the purposes aforesaid, of the caloric of
vaporisation of the solvent, and the acceleration of the extractive process thereby,
substantially as herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
3. In apparatus of the description aforesaid, the construction and arrangement
of the tank m, coil o, partition p, chamber n, filling pipe a, tap q and pipe k,
substantially as and for the purposes herein before described and shewn on the
drawings.
4. The general arrangement, construction and combination of the several and
respective parts, together forming my improvements in extracting fat and other
substances from dissolvable materials and in apparatus therefor, substantially as
herein before described and shown on the drawings.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.