AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF QUILTS, COUNTERPANES, TABLE OR TOILET COVERS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bond and Joseph Riley, both of Bolton,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF QUILTS, COUNTERPANES, TABLE OR TOILET COVERS,
AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS."
Scaled the 19th April 1870, and dated the 8th February 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Bond and
Joseph Riley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th February 1870.
We, HENRY BOND and JOSEPH RILEY, both of Bolton, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT, IN THE MANUFACTURE OF QUILTS, COUNTERPANES, TABLE OR
TOILET COVERS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS," to be as follows :— :
•
The improvement consists of a novel and peculiar method of drawing
in the warp threads through the back healds or "mounting" and the face
healds respectively, whereby a greatly improved appearance is given to
the fabric, and the pattern stands out much bolder from the ground
than heretofore. The usual way of weaving fabrics of this class is to
have twice as many-face warp threads as there are back-or-binding warp

page_text: threads, and to draw these warp threads in alternately, two pattern
threads through the two face healds and one back or binding thread
through the back heald.
Our improvement consists in having an equal number of face or
pattern threads and back warp or binding threads and drawing them in
alternately as follows, (viz., two back warp threads or ends together
through the mounting or back heald, and two face warp threads or ends
through the two face healds (one through each), then two back ends
through the mounting or back heald, and so on alternately. By thus
drawing in two back or binding ends alternately with two face ends
each pair of ends weaves calico cloth separately and side by side with the
other in the ground or plain part, whilst the two face ends only form
calico for the pattern, the two back ends "floating" over the pattern
at the back of the piece. The result is a plain calico ground with the
calico pattern raised much the same as ordinarily in this class of goods,
but as the ground is calico with four ends and the pattern is calico with
only two ends the cloth appears to be of a much finer and closer quality
and the pattern shows up much bolder than usual, the commercial
value of the cloth with the same number and quality of ends or warp
threads being nearly doubled without any alteration in the machinery
whatever.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Bond and Joseph Riley in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 6th August 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY 2
BOND and JOSEPn Riley, both of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the 3
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Henry Bond and Josephi
Riley, Her special license that we, the said Henry Bond and Joseph
Riley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Henry Bond and Joseph Riley, our executors, administrators, 3

page_text: and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF QUILTS, COUNTERPANES, TABLE OR TOILET COVERS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Henry Bond and
Joseph Riley, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Bond and Joseph Riley
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying diagrams (that
is to say) :-
66
The improvements relate to a novel and peculiar method of drawing
in the warp threads through the back healds or 'mounting" (or other
equivalent) and the face healds (or other equivalent) respectively
whereby a greatly improved appearance is given to the fabric, and the
pattern stands out much bolder from the ground than heretofore. The
usual way of weaving fabrics of this class is to have twice as many face
warp threads as there are back or binding warp threads, and to draw
these warp threads in alternately two pattern threads through the two
face healds, and one back or binding thread through the back heald.
Our improvements consist in having an equal number of face or
pattern threads and back warp or binding threads and drawing them in
as follows, viz., two back warp threads or ends through the mounting
or back healds alternately with two face warp threads or ends through
the two face healds (one through each), then two back ends through
the mounting or back healds, and so on alternately. Each pair of ends
weaves calico cloth separately and side by side with the other in the
ground or plain parts. The result is a plain calico ground with the
calico pattern raised much the same as ordinarily in this class of goods,

page_text: WITH O Cand pattern is CALICO WICH
only two ends the cloth appears to be of a much finer and closer quality
and the pattern shows up much bolder than usual, the commercial value
of the cloth with the same number of ends or warp threads being nearly
doubled.
In order that our improved method of drawing in the warp threads
in weaving quilts, counterpanes, table or toilet covers, and other similar
fabrics may be perfectly understood we have annexed hereunto a Sheet
of Diagrams illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof :-
Fig. 1 in the annexed Drawing is a diagram representing the method
of drawing in the warp threads through the back healds or mounting and
through the face healds respectively.
The horizontal black lines a, a, represent the back healds or mounting,
and the perpendicular black lines b, b, are the back or binding ends
drawn in through the same. The face healds (or other equivalent) are
represented by the red horizontal lines c, c, and the face ends or pattern
warp threads by the perpendicular red lines d, d, which are drawn in
alternately in pairs, one through each of the face healds between each
group of two back or binding ends. The black spots show where each
warp thread is drawn in through the mounting or back healds and the
face healds respectively.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the plain cloth or calico ground woven by
this method of drawing in, the black horizontal lines being the weft
threads, the black perpendicular lines e, e, the back or binding warp
threads, and the red perpendicular lines the face or pattern warp threads,
whereby it will be plainly seen that by our improved method of drawing
in wo have an equal number of back or binding ends and face ends and
that the whole arc woven together so as to form plain cloth or calico
in the ground whilst the two face ends only form calico for the
pattern.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, we wish it to be understood that
we claim as our Invention the particular method of drawing in the warp

page_text: threads in weaving such fabrics as herein-before particularly described
and illustrated by the diagrams annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Bond and Joseph Riley,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy.