IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING DRYING OILS AND VARNISHES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Hadfield, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
TREATING DRYING OILS AND VARNISHES."
Sealed the 8th February 1878, and dated the 19th September 1877.
6
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Hadfield at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1877.
GEORGE HADFIELD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING DRYING OILS AND VARNISHES."
This Invention relates to a novel method of and apparatus for treating drying
oils or varnishes for thickening purposes.
The apparatus may be constructed in a variety of ways, the chief object being to
produce rapid oxydation by causing a stream or spray of the heated oil or varnish
to come in contact with a constant current of air. I will therefore here describe
one method which I consider the most feasible.
It consists in the employment and use of a double boiler or vessel, connected
together near the bottom by a pipe for the passage of the oil from one to the other.
One of these boilers (say the first) is open to the atmosphere in the main flue by an
upright shaft which proceeds from the top thereof, and bent into the flue at the
upper part. The other boiler is also connected to this shaft (at a convenient
height) by a bent pipe issuing from the top of the said boiler for the passage of the
steam or vapor.
To this second boiler is attached a pump provided with an upright
pipe, bent at the upper part, and carried through an opening in the flue or shaft
of the first boiler; to the end of this pipe is attached a perforated chamber, through
which the heated oil or varnish falls in a continuous stream or spray as it is pumped
up from the second mentioned boiler. This stream or spray as it falls comes into
Din SR27

page_text: contact with a current of air in the flue, and thus becomes quickly oxydized and
thickened, and so the operation goes on, of pumping from one vessel to the other
until the oil attains the consistency required.
The pump may be worked by hand or power, and it will be evident that any
number of boilers or vessels may be used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Hadfield in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th March
1878.
IN
GEORGE HADFIELD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING DRYING OILS AND VAR-
.NISHES."
This Invention relates to a novel method of and apparatus for treating drying
oils or varnishes for the purpose of thickening the same.
The apparatus may be constructed in a variety of ways, the chief object being to
produce a rapid oxydation of the oil or varnish, which I effect by causing a stream
or spray of the heated oil or varnish to be brought into contact with a constant
current of air passing in the reverse direction.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now proceed to
describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed
or carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood
I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawing, and have marked the same with letters
of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation thereof.
It consists in the employment and use of a double boiler or vessel a, a, b, b, con-
nected together near the bottom by a pipe c, c, for the passage of the oil from one to
the other. One of these boilers a, a, is open to the atmosphere in the main flue d, d,
by an upright shaft e, e, which proceeds from the top thereof, and bent at the upper
part. The boiler a, a, is also open to the atmosphere at the top by its upper part
ax, ax, being perforated. The boiler b, b, is also connected to the shaft f, f, issuing
from the top of the said boiler b, b, for the passage of the steam or vapor. To this
second boiler b, b, is attached a force pump g, g, provided with an upright pump h,h,
hent at the upper part and carried through an opening in the flue or shaft e, e, of the
first boiler a, a. To the end of this pipe is attached a perforated chamber i, i, through
which the heated oil or varnish falls in a continuous stream or spray as it is pumped
up from the second mentioned boiler b, b. This stream or spray as it falls comes
into contact with a current of air in the flue e, e, and thus becomes quickly oxydized
and thickened, and so the operation goes on of pumping from one vessel to the
other until the oil attains the consistency required; the air entering by the perfora-
tions at a*, a*, the current being caused either by the draught of the chimney or by
a fan.
The pump g, g, may be worked by hand or power, and it will be evident that a
single boiler, or any other number of boilers may be used, according to the amount
of oil or varnish to be operated on.

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of the said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention,―
First. The improved method of treating such oils or varnishes by causing a stream
or spray thereof in a heated state to be brought into contact with a current of air
passing in the opposite direction.
And, Secondly. The construction of apparatus for such purpose as herein-before
described, and illustrated by the Drawing annexed, or any mere modification or
imitation thereof, constructed and operating in substantially the same or a similar
manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Hadfield, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
GEO. HADFIELD. (L.B.)