A New or Improved Spanner or Wrench.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th Apr., 1900-Accepted, 28th July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Spanner or Wrench.
We, JOHN WILSON, Fitter, 69, Plantation Street, Glasgow, WILLIAM MORRISON,
Baker, 160, Crookston Street, Glasgow, and JOHN KNOX, Coal Master, The
Terrace, Dullatur, Dumbartonshire, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:
This invention relates to a new or improved spanner or wrench and has for
its object to provide a tool which can be used for all ordinary purposes but which
is specially applicable for use with nuts or bolts which are situated in positions
frequently inaccessible to ordinary spanners; and also by its construction to
enable jaws of different dimensions to be employed with a single handle or stock.
The improved spanner or wrench consists of a stock, in shape similar to those
of existing pattern, formed with a bracket or supporting piece to which the jaw
is secured by a gudgeon or stud.
The said jaw is formed in a circular disc the outer edge of which is fitted with
ratchet teeth in such a manner that it can be rotated upon its supporting gudgeon
or stud by means of a pawl, thus enabling the nut or holt to be gradually rotated
in cases where a long sweep of the handle or stock can not be obtained.
The pawl is preferably double acting, situated within a recess formed in the
handle, and provided with two angled "flats" against which a spiral spring bears
so that the pawl can be put into and remain in gear with the ratchet teeth
whether the jaw be placed on the stock to be worked right or left handedly. A
groove may be formed in the periphery of the disc of the jaw into which a pro-
jection upon the pawl engages thus retaining the disc in position, the disc in
order that it may be removed for the substitution of another having a jaw of
different size, being rotated until the jaw opening faces the projection on the
pawl in which position the disc is freed.
Dated this 27th day of July 1800
JOHNSONS,
Petitioner's Agents, 115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Spanner or Wrench.
We, JOHN WILSON, Fitter, 69, Plantation Street, Glasgow, WILLIAM MORRISON,
Baker, 160, Crookston Street, Glasgow, and JOIN KNOX, Coal Master, The
Terrace, Dullatur, Dumbartonshire, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to a new or improved spanner or wrench and has for

page_text: its object to provide a tool which can be used for all ordinary purposes but which
is specially applicable for use with nuts or bolts which are situated in positions
frequently inaccessible to ordinary spanners: and also by its construction to
enable jaws of different dimensions to be employed with a single handle or stock.
But in order that our said invention may be readily understood we will proceed
to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Fig. 1 is a front view and
:-
Fig. 2 a side view of a spanner illustrating one method of carrying out our
invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views of a modification.
Figs. 5 and 6 are front view and plan, respectively, and Fig. 7 a front view
showing further modifications of the jaw of the spanner.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the said drawings, the spanner or wrench consists
of a stock A, in shape similar to those of existing pattern, formed with a bracket
or supporting piece B to which the jaw C is secured by a gudgeon or stud D.
The said jaw C is formed in a circular disc E as shewn, the outer edge of
which dite is fitted with ratchet teeth e in such a manner that it can be rotated
upon its supporting gudgeon or stud D by the pawl F, this enabling the nut or
bolt to be gradually rotated in cases where a long sweep of the handle or stock
cannot be obtained.
The pawl F is preferably double acting, situated within a recess f in the handle,
and formed with a circular portion f'; or it may be with two angled "Hats";
against which a stop G under the influence of a spiral spring g bears so that
the pawl can be put into and remain in gear with the ratchet teeth whether the
jaw be placed on the stock to be worked right or left handedly.
The disc E is retained in position by the point h of the bracket H bearing
against the edge of the disc, or it may be by a projection, carried by the pawl,
engaging with a groove in the periphery of the disc, the disc in order that it may
be removed for the substitution of another having a jaw of different size, being
rotated until the jaw opening faces the point of the bracket H, or the pro-
jection on the pawl, in which position the disc is freed.
Or in lieu of employing a number of removable ratchet discs with graduated
jaws, we may employ a single ratchet disc rotatably but not removably attached
to the stock, as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, the said disc being fitted with a screw-
actuated sliding jaw J of usual form by which the spanner is rendered adjustable.
In the said figures the pawl K is single acting and arranged as shewn.
Or in the case of either the removably or permanently attached discs, the
adjustment of the jaw of the spanner may be effected by liners L as shewn in
Figs. 5 and 6. the said liners being of various sizes and secured within the disc
by vertical fillets or ribs 7 to prevent side play and a spring actuated thumb
catch which impinges upon the said liners.
Or the fillets may be formed horizontally as shown in Fig. 7 so that the liners.
may be placed in position from the side, any catch, similar to that shewn in
Figs. 5 and 6, being employed if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. The improved spanner or wrench, constructed and operating substantially
in the manner as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and shewn in Figs. 1
and 2 of the accompanying drawings; or the modifications thereof, substantially
as described and shewn in Figs. 5 to 7 of the said drawings.
2. Forming the jaw C of the spanner or wrench in the disc E, the periphery
of which is fitted with ratchet teeth o the said disc being mounted upon the
gudgeon or stud D) on the stock A of the spanner and rotated by the double or
single acting pawl For K, substantially as described and shewn in the accom-
panying drawings.

page_text: 3. The combination of the single stock or handle A with a number of removable
discs E having jaws C of different sizes, as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2; or the modifi-
cations of the said arrangement, substantially acting as described and shewn in
Figs. 3 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
y on Apri
JOHNSONS,
Applicants' Agent, 115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.