IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROASTING TOBACCO, MALT, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Andrew, of the Firm trading as the
Exors. of J. E. H. Andrew, of Waterloo Road, Stockport, in the County of
Cheshire, Engineers, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR ROASTING TOBACCO, MALT, AND
OTHER
ANALOGOUS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Andrew at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1881.
CHARLES HENRY ANDREW, of the Firm trading as the Exors. of J. E. H. Andrew,
" IMPROVE-
of Waterloo Road, Stockport, in the County of Cheshire, Engineers.
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROASTING TOBACCO, MALT, AND OTHER
ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS."
ΟΙ
The Invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus employed in
the drying and roasting of tobacco, malt, and other analogous substances
materials, and consists in the employment of a iron or steel cylinder into which the
matters to be dried or roasted are fed.
The said cylinder is mounted on an axis on which driving pulleys are mounted
to effect the rotation of the said cylinder, but a hand wheel may be connected
therewith to effect the said rotation. The said revolving cylinder is partly sur-
rounded with a cylindrical iron casing which is preferably lined with asbestos, fire
clay, or other suitable non-conducting material, the object being to prevent the
radiation of heat from within the said casing. The said revolving cylinder is
heated by means of gas and air supplied by a burner mounted under the said
revolving cylinder. In one form of burner a rectangular frame carrying a series
of brass or other metal pipes is carried by arms or brackets formed on a gas supply
pipe, which latter is mounted on brackets bolted to the machine framing.
arms or studs connected with the gas supply pipe are formed with slots or recesses
to receive similar slots or recesses in the said rectangular frame. The said gas
supply pipe mounted as aforesaid carries a series of nozzles corresponding in
The

page_text: number to the brass or other metal pipes in the rectangular frame, the said
pipes being arranged at a distance of about three quarters of an inch from the
said nozzles, from which latter the gas issues and flows into the said pipes which
sets up an induced current of air, and the air and gas mix and are burnt at the
opposite ends of the tubes, whereby the said revolving cylinder is heated along
its entire length.
In another arrangement a chamber or injector is connected with a rectangular
box-burner provided with a series of perforations or nozzles arranged along the
entire length of the revolving cylinder. To the said chamber or injector gas and
air supply pipes are connected. The air is supplied to the burner under pressure
by means of an air-pump, Root's blower, or other similar appliance, the object
being to create a blast of air and gas to the burner. The gas is supplied under a
less pressure than the air, and the gas supply pipe may be provided with a regu-
lating valve. The air and gas mix together in the said chamber or injector, and
are carried forward by the force of the blast of air to the burner. In the latter
arrangement the burner may be made a fixture. The heat produced from the
combustion of the gas and air by these means is intense, whereby the matters are
more expeditiously and economically dried or roasted, and a greater economy in
the consumption of gas obtained, and I am also enabled to dry or roast such
matters more beneficially. I prefer to connect the chimney of the casings to the
bottom and side thereof and to deflect it upwards, by means of which the heated
air generated in the space between the casing and revolving cylinder is retained
for a much longer time than is the case when it is connected to the top of the
casing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Henry Andrew in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th January 1882.
"
CHARLES HENRY ANDREW, of the Firm trading as the Exors. of J. E. H. Andrew,
of Waterloo Road, Stockport, in the County of Chester, Engineers.
IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE ROASTING OF TOBACCO
OR MALT, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE ROASTING OF OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES
OR MATTERS."
The Invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus employed in
the drying and roasting of tobacco, malt, or other analogous substances or matters.
To this end I employ a steel or iron cylinder into which the matters to be roasted
or dried are fed. The said cylinder is mounted on an axis on which driving pulleys
are mounted to effect the rotation of the said cylinder, or a hand wheel may be
connected therewith to effect the said rotation. The said revolving cylinder is
partly surrounded with a cylindrical iron casing which is preferably lined with

page_text: asbestos, fire clay, or other suitable non-conducting material, the object being to
prevent the escape or check the radiation of heat from within the said casing.
The said revolving cylinder is heated by means of a mixture of gas and air, the
burner being mounted under the said revolving cylinder. In one form of burner a
rectangular frame carrying a series of brass or other metal pipes is carried by arms
or brackets cast or formed on the gas supply pipe, which latter is mounted on
brackets bolted to the machine framing. The said arms or studs connected with
the gas supply pipe are formed with slots or recesses which fit similar slots or
recesses formed in the said rectangular frame and hold it in position. The said gas
supply pipe mounted as aforesaid carries a series of nozzles or gas burners corre-
sponding in number to the brass or other metal pipes mounted on a rectangular
frame, the said pipes being arranged at a distance of about three quarters of an
inch from the said nozzles. The gas flows from the said nozzles into the said
pipes and sets up an induced current of air, and the air and gas mix and are
carried to and burnt at the opposite ends of the said tubes, the revolving cylinder
being thereby heated along its entire length. In another arrangement a chamber
or injector is formed and connected with a rectangular box-burner provided with a
series of perforations or nozzles arranged along its entire length. To the said
chamber or injector gas and air supply pipes are connected. The air is supplied to
the burner under pressure by means of an air pump, Root's blower, or other similar
appliance, the object being to supply and maintain a blast of air under pressure to
the burner. The gas is supplied under a less pressure than the air, and the gas
supply pipe may be provided with a regulating valve. The air and gas mix
together in the chamber or injector, and aro carried forward by the force of the
said blast of air to the burner. In the latter arrangement the burner is made a
fixture. I prefer to connect the chimney of such casings to the bottom and side
thereof, and deflect the same upwards in order that the escape of heat may be checked.
And in order that the Invention may be more fully understood, I have caused to
be appended hereto two Sheets of Drawings marked with letters of reference,
to which reference will now be made. Figs. 1 and 2 (Sheet 1) represents a front
view and transverse section of one arrangement of apparatus; Fig. 3 represents
a plan of the gas pipe and supporting brackets; Figs. 4 and 5 represent a front
view and plan respectively of the removable burner. The metal cylindrical casing a
supported on stands b is preferably lined with asbestos c or other non-conductor of
heat, the object being to prevent the escape of heat from within the casing a to as
great an extent as possible during the time the matters are being roasted. Tho
brackets & which support the gas supply pipe e are bolted to the standards b.
said gas pipe e is provided with a series of nozzles f, from which the gas flows into
the pipes g of the burner h. The said flow of the gas into the pipes g sets up,
forins, or creates an induced current of atmospheric air which enters the said pipes
and mixes with the gas, and the mixture of gas and air is burnt at the ends of the
pipes g, thus heating the revolving cylinder containing the matters to be dried or
roasted from end to end. In practice I have found that a distance of about three
quarters of an inch between the orifices of the nozzles fand pipes y to be suitable.
The frame j carrying the pipes g and constituting the portable burner can be
placed in position on the brackets d, or readily removed therefrom when the
contents of the cylinder are required to be emptied, whereby the pipes g are pre-
vented from being charged with the matters, as is the case when the burner is
made a permanent fixture, which is an important advantage. The revolving
cylinder is preferably made of steel in lieu of iron ordinarily employed, steel being
more durable, a better heat conductor, and can be made of thinner plate than iron,
and is comparatively of equal strength. Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 2, represent an end
and front view respectively of an apparatus for drying or roasting the hereinbefore
mentioned matters by means of a mixture of gas and air supplied to the burner
under pressure. The size and proportions of the parts may be varied, being given
only by way of example. The casing a is supported on standards b; within the
cylinder casing a a revolving steel cylinder c containing the charge to be roasted
.
The

page_text: is mounted on the shaft d on which driving pulleys e are keyed, being
driven by any suitable motor. A uniform blast of air is supplied to the
injector by means of an air pump or blower or other suitable appliance.
The said burner ƒ consists of a metal chamber having a series of openings
or jets on the top thereof where the combustion of the mixture of the
gas and air takes place. A metal chamber which forms an injector g is bolted:to
the under part of the burner f, and to the said injector g are connected by screwing
or otherwise gas and air pipply pipes hand i. The gas and air mix in the injector g
and are carried to the burners f, the said forced blast of air verging the flame to
an intense heat. The pipe his fitted with a valve i to regulate the flow of gas to
the burner f. An air inlet opening is formed in the injector g which is provided
with a sliding cover to regulate the admission of atmospheric air, the blast of air
being forced up the pipe by means of an air pump, as before mentioned; by
these means the matters are more expeditiously and beneficially dried or roasted,
and at a comparatively less cost than by the ordinary means employed for this
purpose.
Having now described and indicated the nature of the said Invention, and
means for carrying the same into effect, I would have it to be understood that I
claim,―
First. The combination of the revolving cylinder i, outer casing a¹, burner f,
valved mixing chamber g, valved pipe e, and air pump, blower, or other appliance,
for the purpose specified.
Secondly. The combination with the apparatus of a portable burner which can
be removed or placed in position when required, for the purpose specified.
And, Lastly. Providing the casing enclosing the revolving cylinder with a lining
of asbestos or other non conductor of heat, for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Henry Andrew, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty, one,
Signed and scaled by the said
Charles Henry Andrew in
the presence of
JNO. BILBIE,
Waterloo Road,
Stockport.
CHARLES HENRY ANDREW. (L.S.)