An Improved Automatic Sand Strewing Apparatus for Locomotives and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Automatic Sand Strewing Apparatus for Locomotives
and the like.
I, REGINALD HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Buckingham
Street, Strand, W.C., London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention a communication to me from abroad by Locomotivfabrik Krauss & Co.
Actien-Gesellschaft, of Maillingerstrasse 33, Munich, in the Empire of Germany,
to be as follows:-
In the
This invention relates to an improved apparatus applicable to locomotives and
the like for the purpose of strewing or distributing sand or other suitable material
onto the rails or way. A sand box is provided in the known manner at its lowest
part with a right and left screwed worm which drives the sand out on each side of
the box and allows it to fall through a suitable pipe or pipes onto the rails in front of
the driving wheels of the locomotive. This worm is operated by a ratchet wheel
arranged on the exterior of the box and actuated by suitable pawls which are mounted
on a horizontal pivoted lever which is given an up and down movement by means of
an appropriate vertical rod connected at its lowest extremity in a slidable manner
The short lever can
with a short pivoted lever having an oscillating movement.
also be replaced by a simple lever arm, over which the vertical rod reaches with
a displaceable socket. The short pivoted lever arm is in connection by a rod
fixedly connected to it, with the driving werk of the engine, in such a manner,
that it oscillates on its pivot, as soon as the machine is in motion, and the move-
ment is transferred by ineans of the aforesaid mechanism to the pawls, and con-
sequently the sand is driven out of the box and falls as described.
stationary position in which the sand box is not required to be operated a drawing
rod to be operated from the place of the engine driver is operated and has the
effect by means of suitable levers of pushing the sliding joint of the vertical rod
on to the turning point of the short pivoted lever and by this means the operation
in motion or
of the device can be regulated by the driver either if the engine
stationary. Accordingly as the drawing rod is displaced backwards, as greater
becomes the movements of the operating device, and more sand is taken from the
box on one revolution of the driving wheels. In order to be able to adjust at
pleasure the drawing rod the same is provided with suitable notches, so that the
ratchet wheel is moved forward about 2, 4, 6, ar 8 teeth for each revolution of the
driving wheel. Another form of construction of the above described sand strewer
is as follows. The revolution of the worm by means of the ratchet wheel is in this
case operated by a small steam cylinder arranged on the sand box itself, the back
end of which cylinder can be put into connecion with one end of one of the driving
cylinders of the machine by means of a pipe and a tap to be operated from the
place of the engine driver by means of a rod or cord. When the tap is opened,
behind the small piston there are the same variations of pressure as behind the
working or main piston and therefore as long as the machine works under steam
the piston will be moved to the right once for each revolution of the driving wheel,
whereby it contracts a spring which again presses the small piston back into its

page_text: back position and hereby the to and fro movement is effected for operating the
pawls.
For regulating the operation a projection of the cross head of the cylinder can
be displaced at pleasure from the place of the engine driver by means of the hand
wheel and screw and thus the stroke can be limited to any desired measure..
The tap can also be formed as a three way tap, so that it sends simultaneously
through another tube a steam jet to the mouth of the sand tube by means of which
in the known manner, the sand is forcibly delivered under the driving wheels.
The before said devices have the following advantages over usual hand or steain
sand strewers:―
1. The engine driver can regulate the quantity of sand to be strewn. The manner
of operation of the device is forced and thus entirely secure.
2. The operation of the sand strewer is very simple and easy and requires but
little attention from the driver. With regard to this point the following is to be
remarked. At places of the line, where the starting of trains is known to be
difficult, the driver can adjust the sand strewer in the manner required before
starting, as the same only commences to operate at the beginning of the movement.
After having started he need not trouble about the sand strewer and can leave
the same to operate until after having overcome the difficult place. If the driving
wheels should slide in consequence of insufficient sand, this is at once counteracted
automatically, as by the quicker revolution more sand is strewn.
The present sand strewing device is not liable to be frozen.
An Improved Automatic Sand Strewing Apparatus for Locomotives
and the like.
I, REGINALD HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Buckingham
Street, Strand W.C., London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention a communication to me from abroad by Locomotivfabrik Krauss & Co.
Actien-Gesellschaft, of Maillingerstrasse 33, Munich, in the Empire of Germany,
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to an improved apparatus applicable to locomotives and
the like for the purpose of strewing or distributing sand or other suitable material
on the rails or way.
A sand box a Figs. 1 and 2 is provided in the known manner at its lowest part
with a right and left screwed worm Fig. 2 which drives the sand out on each
side of the box and allows it to fall through a suitable pipe or pipes onto the
rails in front of the driving wheels of the locomotive. This worm is operated by
a ratchet wheel d arranged on the exterior of the box and actuated by suitable
pawls ef which are mounted on a horizontal pivoted lever g' which is given an
up and down movement by means of an appropriate vertical rod g* pivoted at its
lowest extremity to a sliding piece i working on a short pivoted lever g having an
oscillating movement. The short lever y can also be in the form of a simple lever
arm on which the vertical rod g* engages by means of a displaceable socket. The
short pivoted lever arm g is in connection by means of a rod j fixedly connected
to it, with the driving work of the engine in such a manner that it oscillates on its
pivot has soon as the engine is in motion and the movement is transferred by

page_text: means of the aforesaid mechanism to the pawls and consequently the sand is
driven out of the box and falls as described.
When the sand box is not required to be operated, a drawing rod k to be actuated
from the place of the engine driver is operated and has the effect by means of
suitable levers of pushing the sliding joint i of the vertical rod g* on to the turning
point of the short pivoted lever g and by this means the operation of the device
can be regulated by the driver either if the engine is in motion or stationary.
Accordingly to the displacement of the rod k backwards or forwards the greater
or smaller becomes the movement of the lever g' and more or less sand is taken
from the box during one revolution of the driving wheels. In order to be able
to adjust and secure the rod k the same is provided with suitable notches engaging
with a bracket or staple so that the movement of the ratchet wheel d can be
regulated so as to move forward the required number of teeth for each revolution
of the driving wheel.
Another form of construction of the above described sand strewer is as follows
and is shown in Fig. 3. The revolution of the worm b by means of the ratchet
wheel d is in this case operated by a small steam cylinder arranged on the sand
box a itself, the back end of which cylinder can be put into connection with one
end of one of the driving cylinders of the engine by means of a pipe mm and a
cock o to be operated by the engine driver by means of a rod or cord k. When
the tap o is opened there are the same variations of pressure behind the small
piston pas there are behind the working or main piston q and therefore as long
as the engine works under steam the piston q will be moved to the right one for
each revolution of the driving wheel, whereby it contracts a spring which returns
the small piston p back into its original or rear position and by this means the
to and fro movement necessary for operating the pawls ef is arrived at.
For regulating the movement a projection of the cross head w of the cylinder
can be displaced at pleasure by the engine driver by means of the hand wheel t
and screw u and thus the stroke of p and the movement of e and f can be suitably
adjusted. The cock o can also be formed as a three way cock, so that it sends
simultaneously through another tube x a steam jet to the mouth c of the sand tube
by means of which in the known manner the sand is forcibly delivered under the
driving wheels.
The before said devices have the following advantages over usual hand or steam
sand strewers.
1. The engine driver can regulate the quantity of sand to be strewn. The
manner of operation of the device is automatic and thus entirely secure.
2. The operation of the sand strewer is very simple and easy and requires but
little attention from the driver. With regard to this point the following is to be
remarked. At places on the line, where the starting of trains is known to be
difficult the driver can adjust the sand strewer in the manner required before
starting, as the same only commences to operate at the beginning of the move-
ment. After having started he need not attend to the sand strewer and can leave
the same to operate until after having overcome the difficult place. If the driving
wheels should slide in consequence of insufficient sand this is at once counteracted
automatically as by the quicker revolution more sand is strewn.
The present sand strewing device is not liable to be frozen.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. An improved automatic sand strewing apparatus for locomotives and the like
in which a double worm for forcing the sand into the distributing pipes, has
connected to it a ratchet wheel d actuated by dogs ef which are operated by the
action of the locomotive by means of lever gearing g'g*ighj the operation of the
device being regulated by means of appropriate lever gear and toothed rod k and
bracket substantially as described and illustrated

page_text: 2. An improved automatic sand strewing apparatus as in Claim 1 in which the
worm bis operated by means of the piston 2 of a small steam cylinder in connec-
tion with the driving cylinder of the locomotive the stroke of this piston p which
regulates the operation of the device being regulated by means of a handle t screw
rod u and abutment and further by means of the rod n and tapo substantially
as illustrated and described.