Batteries, and for Cutting Lamps and other Electrical Apparatus in or out of Circuit.
Year: 1886

page_text: Batteries, and for Cutting Lamps and other Electrical
Apparatus in or out of Circuit.
JAMES RADCLIFFE Telegraph Engineer East Retford Notts do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide improved means of automatically
cutting the dynamo in and out of circuit when its electro motive force rises to
certain points above, or falls below that of the Secondary Batteries and for cutting
lamps and other electrical apparatus in or out of circuit.
To this end I employ a bobbin of fine wire connected as a shunt to the main
circuit, provided with a soft iron core pivotted at each end so as to be capable of
revolving in the direction of its axis and carrying at one or both ends a tongue
also of soft iron arranged so as to work between the poles of an electro magnet,
the bobbins of which are wound with thick copper wire or tape of sufficient
capacity to carry the main charging current, one end being permanently connected
to the tongue and the other to the dynamo. The tongue is provided at its
extremity with a contact piece of any suitable metal, and held normally by means
of an adjustable spring against a contact spring connected to the dynamo through
an adjustable resistance, another contact spring being also connected to the same
pole of the dynamo through the accumulators.
The resistance is adjusted so as to rather more than balance the counter electro
motive force of the accumulators, and as soon as the dynamo is generating sufficient
current to deflect the tongue, the resistance coil is cut of circuit and the accumu-
lators cut in, and vice versa,

page_text: DataON,
аци
Cutting
Apparatus in or out of Circuit.
нашрв. аци OTHER BICCOL
I, JAMES RADCLIFFE of East Retford in the County of Nottingham, Telegraph
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
I employ a bobbin of fine insulated wire connected as a shunt to the main
circuit provided with a soft iron core pivotted at each end so as to be capable of
revolving in the direction of its axis and carrying at one or both ends a tongue or
tongues also of soft iron arranged so as to work between the poles of an electro-
magnet, the bobbins of which are wound with insulated copper wire or tape of
sufficient capacity to carry the main charging current one end of such wire or tape
being connected to the tongue and the other end to the dynamo or other generator
of electricity. The tongue being provided at its extremity with a contact piece of
any suitable material and held normally by means of an adjustable spring, against
one of two contact springs one of these contact springs being connected to the
generator through an adjustable resistance and the other contact spring to the same
pole of the generator through the accumulators or secondary batteries or other
electrical apparatus.
When the switch is used in charging accumulators the resistance attached to the
normal contact spring is so adjusted as to rather more than balance the counter
electromotive force of the accumulators so that as soon as sufficient current is
generated to deflect the tongue the resistance coil is cut out of circuit and the
accumulators cut in and vice versa.
In order that my Invention may be more clearly understood I will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same letters
indicating similar parts in both figures.
A is the fine wire bobbin containing the moveable core C, to which the tongue T
is attached the function of A is merely to polarize C and T, the circuit between A
and the generator being always kept closed.
P and P¹ are the poles of the electro-magnet E which may be wound with
insulated copper wire or tape W, of sufficient capacity to carry the main charging
current.
B is the contact piece which is normally held by the tension of the adjustable
spring R against the contact spring S¹, which is connected through an adjustable
resistance to the generator, the other contact spring S being connected through the
accumulators or other electrical apparatus to the same pole of the generator.
R¹ is a flat adjustable spring for the purpose of assisting the spring R to cut out
at the moment when the electro-motive force of the generator falls to an equality

page_text: with that of the accumulators but as soon as T reaches the midway position
between P and P¹, R¹ ceases to act and the motion is completed by R alone.
D, D1, D2, D3, D are binding screws or terminals, D2 and Ds being connected
together through an adjustable resistance.
Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a plan of the circuit in which G is the switch, H the dynamo
or generator, K. the accumulators and x, x¹ adjustable resistances.
xis so adjusted as to allow just sufficient current to pass through the fine wire
coil A to polarize the core C and the tongue T.
The mode of action is as follows:-
As soon as the dynamo commences to generate the current divides at the positive
pole +, a small portion passing by y and x, through the fine wire coil A to
terminal D and thence to the negative of the dynamo-, thus polarizing C and T,
and the greater portion through y and x¹, the contact spring S¹ the tongue T, the
spiral connection F, through E to D' and thence to negative of Dynamo-;
polarizing P¹ in a similar and P in the opposite direction to T, and causing the
latter to be repelled from P' and attracted towards P, breaking the connection
between B and S₁ and at the same moment completing that between B and S and
so diverting the current from through the accumulators K, the contact spring S,
tongue T, spiral connection F electro-magnet E, D' to negative of dynamo-,
being so adjusted that T will not move until the electro-motive force of the
dynamo is higher than that of the accumulators.
If now the electro-motive force of the dynamo falls to an equality with that of
the accumulators, the current in E is neutralized and B is drawn over to its normal
position by means of the springs R and R', or if the current from the accumulators
should momentarily return, P and P¹ will be polarized in the opposito direction
and the tongue T will be repelled by P and attracted towards P¹ and so replace B
in its normal position and disconnect the accumulators.
I sometimes connect electric lamps in multiple with K, the current for which is
supplied by the dynamo H and regulated by K when H is running, but is supplied
by K alone when H is standing or running at a speed insufficient to produce the
necessary current.
I may also substitute electric lamps for either of or both x¹ and K the action of
the switch being the same in any case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, I declare that what I claim is:
An automatic electrical switch constructed in the particular manner and for the
purpose above described.
1000