An Improved Method of Manufacturing Round Felt Articles, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Manufacturing Round Felt Articles, and
Apparatus therefor.
I, JOSEPH CHARDOT, of 30 Rue Parmentier, La Varenne St. Hilaire, in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
My invention relates to an improved method of manufacturing round felt articles
and apparatus therefor.
Hitherto polishing discs and the like have been obtained by cutting them out
of a square or rectangular piece of felt in such a manner that the angular pieces
which are cut away are almost always wasted.
Moreover the discs obtained by this method are necessarily thin, for if the
thickness were great deep wrinkles would be formed on the surface and cavities in
the interior during the treatment to which the felt has to be subjected.
To obviate these inconveniences I have devised a system of making "polishing
felt which allows discs of any thickness and of all diameters to be obtained from a
single piece as will hereinafter be explained.
My method of manufacture comprises a special fulling machine one of which I
have shewn in the accompanying drawings by way of example.
Figure 1 is a plan of the machine which comprises a movable flap, formed of a
number of bars.
Figure 2 is a plan of the machine all the bars being removed.
Figure 3 is a side view of the machine, and
Figure 4 is a transverse section of the same.
In my process of manufacture each disc is made separately by means of carding
and felting then the disc is rounded by a band saw.
The discs of felt thus prepared are enveloped in a woollen covering, then placed
several at a time on the special fulling machine shewn in the drawings.
Above
This machine comprises an inclined table a provided at its lower part with a
trough b, a shaft c carrying a series of cams d and driven by a pulley e.
the cams are placed a series of bars f engaged in slots g, which bars the cams d
raise alternately. Above the apparatus is placed a cistern h filled with water
heated to about 60° and acidulated with a small quantity of sulphuric acid.
This water falls on the discs of felt under treatment through a spout i which has
a large number of small holes. The water then flows between the bars fon_to_
the fixed table.a. Owing-to-the-inclination of the said fixed table the water
collects in the trough 6 whence it escapes by the orifice ; and is received in the
vessel K.
The inclination of the table can be increased or diminished by means of a screw
or by any suitable mechanical device for raising the rear part of the apparatus.
When the discs have passed through my machine they are partly contracted and
I then submit them to a fulling which completes the contraction.
Afterwards they are passed through a hydroextractor and placed in a stove to
dry them completely.
When the discs are dry they are pressed to give them a finish.
Although I have described my invention as applied to polishing discs I obtain
other kinds of round felt articles in the same manner.
many
Dated this 1st day of Anvil 1902
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant:

page_text: An Improved Method of Manufacturing Round Felt Articles, and
Apparatus therefor.
I, JOSEPH CHARDOT, of 30 Rue Parmentier, La Varenne St. Hilaire, in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained, in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to an improved method of manufacturing round felt articles
and to apparatus therefor.
Felted polishing discs of carded wool have heretofore been made in the following
manner, that is to say, the wool is united, after carding, into a sheet by means of
felting; the sheets thus felted subsequently undergo the operation of fulling and
acquire the desired thickness and hardness; the said sheets after dressing, hydro-
extraction and pressing are then delivered to dealers in articles to be polished
who cut from these sheets the discs designed to be mounted on polishing lathes.
This mode of manufacture is inconvenient owing to the fact that all the parts
of wool between the adjacent discs constitute so much waste material and cannot
be again utilized in this industry. Moreover the sheets should not exceed a
certain thickness otherwise deep wrinkles will be formed on the surface during the
treatment to which it is subjected so that the manufacture thereof into discs becomes
impossible.
In manufacturing polishing discs according to my invention I commence with
the ordinary process, that is to say, I manufacture my sheets of carded wool which
I felt by the well known means; I then cut out these discs from the sheets still
without consistency and hardness, and I finish the manufacture by separately
fulling the discs 60 cut out from the wool which is simply felted, and for this
purpose I take care to put them in any envelope which retains the wool.
For fulling the discs separately I employ the machine represented by way of
example, in the drawing left. with my Provisional Specification.
Figure 1 shows a plan of the machine in question which comprises a movable
table formed of a certain number of bars.
Figure 2 represents a plan of the same machine, with all the bars removed.
Figure 3 shows a side view of the said machine and
Figure 4 is a transverse section thereof.
As shown in this drawing, this machine comprises a table a forming an inclined
plane, provided at its lower part with a channel or trough 6 and a shaft c carrying
a series of cams & and actuated by a pulley e. Resting upon the cams are a
series of bars f engaging with grooves 9 and alternately raised and lowered by
means of the cams d. At the top of the apparatus is arranged a reservoir / filled
with water heated to about 60 degrees and acidulated by a small proportion of
sulphuric acid.
This water falls upon the discs of felt under treatment through a pipe i per-
forated with a great number of small holes. This water passes between the bars f
and drops upon the fixed table a whence it passes, owing to the inclination of this
table, into the channel or trough 6 from which it passes through an orifice ; and is
collected in the receptacle k.
The inclination of the said table may be increased or diminished by the aid of
a screw jack or any mechanical device capable of raising the rear part of the
apparatus.
When the discs have passed through the machine they are contracted in part,
I then submit them to a fulling operation which completes the contraction of the
same.

page_text: The discs are then passed into a hydroextractor and next into a stove for
completely drying them. When the discs are dry they are passed into a press in
order to impart a finish to them.
I have heretofore described my process with reference to polishing discs only,
but it will be understood that I may also obtain in this manner any round felt
articles.
What constitutes the advantage of my process is, in addition to the special
machine which I have described, the fact that the material is not fulled in the form
of sheets but in the form of discs. I thus obtain, and this is the point which I wish
to make clear and which has clearly shown in the working this double result of
being able to use, in the manufacture, the waste of wool which drops during the
cutting of the discs, and which may again be carded then felted in the form of
plates, and of obtaining discs of a thickness which it has not heretofore been possible
to obtain by fulling in the form of sheets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The method of manufacturing polishing felts of a single piece, which
consists in manufacturing sheets of wool carded and felted by the known means; in
cutting out these discs from the sheets still without consistence and hardness; in
separately fulling the discs cut out from the wool simply felted, and in putting them
before this operation in an envelope which retains the wool; this mode of proceeding
enabling the waste, by a fresh carding and felting, to be again utilized in the
manufacture, the whole as hereinbefore described.
Second. The improved fulling machine comprising a table a, a shaft c, and
cams & which alternately raise the bars f upon which are arranged the felt discs ;
this machine comprising also a reservoir h filled with water heated to about
60 degrees and acidulated with a small proportion of sulphuric acid which drops
upon the discs under treatment by means of a perforated pipe i branched from
the reservoir, the whole in principle as described and represented in the drawing.
Dated this 20th day of December 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.