AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING VARIOUS SURFACES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for an
Invention of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING VARIOUS SURFACES."
A communication from abroad by Eugène Amédée Batonnier, of Vitry le
François, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1881.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING
VARIOUS SURFACES." [A communication from abroad by Eugène Amédée
Batonnier, of Vitry le François, France.]
The process which forms the subject of this application relates to ornamenting
the surfaces of slabs or articles of plaster, wood, stone, metal, and other substances
in imitation of marbles and analogous stones.
In carrying out the Invention on a slab or article of plaster, for example,
the plaster surface is first washed over with some adhesive material which will
cause all the particles of plaster to adhere together and form an even surface.
A thick paste is then prepared consisting of carbonate of lime and flour or other
substance of a starchy nature mixed together with sufficient water to make a paste
of the consistency desired.
The proportions of the lime and flour will depend upon whether. the paste-is
required to be more or less hard and adherent.
Instead of the lime sulphate of baryta, kaolin, or other inert material may be
employed, and for the flour may be substituted wax, dextrine, albumen, or other
binding material.
This paste is placed on the surface to be ornamented in any convenient manner
so as to represent the veinings and marblings and is allowed to dry. Color
corresponding to that of the kind of marble to be imitated is then applied to the
surface with a brush or sponge, care being taken that the color shall follow the
Dnica 1

page_text: contours of the paste veins. When the color is dry the paste veins are removed
with a putty knife or other suitable tool leaving upon, say, a red ground, veins and
marblings of white. These veins or marblings may be left either white or covered
in parts with a wash of any desired color. Fine lines of color may also be made
along the veins with a camel hair brush, or the color may be laid on in patches, the
veinings and marblings of white showing through the outer colors, thus giving a
close imitation of the natural marble. After these colors have become dry the
surface is polished or varnished in any convenient manner.
The colors which it is intended to use in this process comprise all those either
animal, vegetable, or mineral employed in the process of dyeing, as well as metallic
salts, which are capable of giving by double decomposition insoluble colored
precipitates.
The paste may, if desired, be colored, and when applied to the surface to be
ornamented it will part with some of its color, thus the greatest variety of effect
may be obtained.
In some cases for instance where the original surface is not white, it is preferred
to give such surface a coat of white paint or other suitable covering material before
applying the color. The color of this coating of paint or other material will
however depend upon the nature of the effect it is desired to obtain.
Or a solution of a metallic salt capable of giving by re-action a colored
precipitate may be applied to the object to be ornamented before the paste for the
veins. This paste which has been previously mixed with another metallic salt
which is capable of causing the re-action before mentioned is then applied to the
colored surface as before explained, and the salt contained therein acting more or
less on that below gives beautiful effects.
The process may be carried on with or without heat; for instance, when the
article is first covered with a thin layer of albumen heat is used to fix such
layer.
In some cases also it may be advisable to use a mordant which is applied
before the color.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd July 1881.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING
VARIOUS SURFACES." A communication from abroad by Eugène Amédée
Batonnier, of Vitry le François, France.
The process which forms the subject of this Invention relates to ornamenting
the surfaces of slabs or articles of plaster, wood, stone, metal, and other substances
in imitation of marbles and analogous stones.
In carrying out the Invention on a slab or article of plaster, for example, the
plaster surface is first washed over with a solution of some adhesive material. A
thick paste is then prepared consisting of carbonate of lime and flour or other
substance of a starchy nature mixed together with sufficient water to make a pasto
of the consistency desired.
The proportions of the lime and flour will depend upon whether the paste is
required to be more or less hard and adherent, but a good result has been obtained
for ordinary purposes by using equal proportions of lime and flour.
Instead of the lime sulphate of baryta, kaolin, or other inert material may be
employed, and for the flour may be substituted wax, dextrine, albumen, or other
binding material.
This paste is placed on the surface to be ornamented in any convenient manner
so as to represent the veinings and marblings, and it is allowed to dry. Color
corresponding to the ground color of the marble to be imitated is then applied to
the surface with a brush or sponge, care being taken that the color shall follow the
contour of the paste veins. This is important because the edges of the paste
present irregularities which produce the best effects. When the color is dry the
paste veins are removed with a putty knife or other suitable tool, thereby exposing
upon, say, a red ground veins and marblings of white or the natural color of the
slab. These veins or marblings may be left white or they may be covered in parts
with a wash of any desired color according to the kind of marble it is desired to
imitate.
Fine lines of stronger color may also be made along the veins or on the ground
with a camel-hair brush, or the stronger color may be laid on in pats. The
veinings and marblings of white will show through the outer colors, and thus give
a close imitation of the natural marble. After all the colors have become dry the
surface is polished or varnished in any convenient manner.
The coloring matters being mostly in washes do not cover the objects like
pigments, and any desired shade of color may be given to any part of the object
by repeating the washings, but the coloring will always retain a transparent
appearance.
The colors which it is intended to use in this process comprise all those either
animal, vegetable, or mineral employed in the process of dyeing, as well as metallic
salts, which are capable of giving by double decomposition insoluble colored
precipitates.
The paste may, if desired, be colored, and when applied to the surface to be
ornamented it will part with some of its color, thus lending itself as it were to the
obtaining of the greatest variety of effects.
The above described process is equally applicable to ornamenting wood, stone,.
metal, canvas, or other material. When canvas or similar material is used it is
necessary to give it first a coating of paint, and instead of operating on the naked
surface of the object the ornamentation is effected on the coating of paint.

page_text: A coating of paint may also be applied to the other materials to cover the
natural color which would probably be unsuitable for the ornamentation required.
In some cases, for instance, where the original surface is not white, it is
preferred to give such surface a coating of white paint before colouring the slab or
other article. The color of this coating of paint will however depend upon the
nature of the effects it is desired to obtain.
When employing metallic salts as the coloring matter a solution of a metallic salt
capable of giving by reaction a colored precipitate may be washed over the object
to be ornamented before the veining paste is applied. In this instance the paste
is previously mixed with another metallic salt, which is capable of causing the
reaction before mentioned. This paste is applied to the prepared surface, as before
explained, and the salt contained therein acting more or less on that below will
give beautiful effects.
The process may be carried on with or without heat; for instance, when the
article is first covered with a thin layer of albumen heat is used to fix such layer,
but in other cases it is desirable to operate without heat.
It may also be advisable to use a mordant, which is to be applied to the surface
to be ornamented before the color.
Having now described this Invention of "An Improved Process for Ornamenting
Various Surfaces," as communicated to me from abroad and explained the manner
of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above
in part recited Letters Patent I claim,-
The process herein described for ornamenting various surfaces consisting in the
use in combination of a veining paste and coloring matters applied by hand to the
surfaces to be ornamented, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Edward Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
TR