AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR SANITARY OR OTHER PIPES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, THOMAS HARNETT HARRISSON of Liverpool in the county of Lancaster Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for AN IMPROVED
JOINT FOR SANITARY OR OTHER PIPES, to be as follows:-
At the present time when two sanitary or other pipes of different materials are
jointed together the joint is very apt to leak after a short time, so much so that
under water closets where earthenware is joined to lead it is customary to place a
metallic tray to catch the leakage. Now this leakage is very undesirable and
unwholesome and it is to prevent it that this my invention is designed. Again
where the socket joint is used there is generally a sudden enlargement of the water
way which checks the flush and leaves angles for the accumulation of filth.
Now my invention is designed to obviate these evils and present a joint that
will not leak and without altering the continuity of the diameter. I form my
joint with an arrangement of cement and of bolts to draw it tight and a sleeve or
cover over it also tightly packed with cement or other material making the joint
the strongest part of the pipe. The joint can slightly vary according to the form
of the pipes ends to be jointed, I will describe it for two instances, one where a
Jead pipe is attached to a plain earthenware pipe, another where it is attached to a
flanged one.
In both these instances I form the bore of the two pipes of the same diameter,
in the first instance however as there is no flange on the earthenware pipe I bave
to put a socket in the lead pipe so as to find a purchase to compress the lead
against the cement between it and the earthenware pipe by bolts as already
described.
I accordingly socket the lead pipe and insert the butt of the earthenware and fill
up with cement, I now put on a jointed sleeve of iron or other suitable material
and bolt the two halves of this tight together squeezing the lead tight into the
cement: The end or flange of the sleeve fitting over and against the end of the
lead socket or of an iron ring placed behind it to protect it prevents the lead from
puckering and by hammering it up against the socket I get three rings of
compression as it were, the end and where the two pairs of bolts compress. Where
both pipes are flanged I put cement between them and usually draw them up tight
by bolts as in the other case, or in other ways hold the two pipes together till the
sleeve can be put on and cement run in to fix the whole tight and act as a fastener.
If bolts are used the sleeve is preferably bolted to the flanges and the whole drawn
up tight. The sleeve then practically becomes a socket of the lead pipe fitting over

page_text: the earthenware pipe as in the other case. The outer end of the sleeve curves
towards the earthenware pipe thus forming a dove-tail for the cement. The same
effect may be produced by corrugations or flutings in the inner side of the sleeve.
This sleeve is preferably of pottery (or similar material to the pipe which is not
made of lead) As with such material one cannot compress it; to get the cement
between it and the joint tight I fill it with a semi-fluid cement which tightens
itself in setting and thus holds all tight and thus makes a complete key and water
tight stopping.
The lead flange is embedded in cement between the flanges of the earthenware
pipe and sleeve just as the lead socket was embedded between the earthenware
pipe and sleeve. There is thus in each case a lead pipe and an earthenware pipe
with uniform continuous bore with cement between, and the whole compressed
together with bolts or if desired other means; over this in each case is a strong
sleeve of hard material with its flange circling round the lead pipe and covering
the joint and bolding it tight to the earthenware one. To give a better grip or
still further prevent the chance of leakage I prefer to corrugate the outside sleeve
with corrugations running entirely round the sleeve, or in jointed sleeves they can
be made with two straps firmly compressing the lead socket at two points in the
length all round the circumference. One of these straps must have clips to compress
the lead pipe against the earthenware with or without a ring so as to form the
mechanical equivalent of a sleeve as above described.
I have now described two variations of my invention but I do not bind myself
to every particular of either-it is obvious that in jointing up pipes of varying
contour slight variations are found requisite to adopt in my invention, any one
however with the above description can vary the positions of the bolts or the exact
method of giving the squeeze.
Dated this first day of January 1884.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I THOMAS HARNETT HARRISSON, of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for AN IMPROVED
JOINT FOR SANITARY OR OTHER PIPES and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
At the present time when two sanitary or other pipes of different materials are
jointed together, the joint is very apt to leak after a short time, so much so that
under water closets where earthenware is joined to lead, it is customary to place a
metallic tray to catch the leakage. Now this leakage is very undesirable and
unwholesome, and it is to prevent it and similar leakages that this my invention is
designed. Again where the socket joint is used there is generally a sudden
enlargement of the water way which checks the flush and leaves angles for the
accumulation of filth.
Now my invention is designed to obviate these evils and present a joint that
will not leak, and in which the continuity of the diameter is unaltered. I form
my joint with an arrangement of cement or other packing, and of bolts to draw it
tight, and a sleeve or cover over it also tightly packed with cement or other
material, making the joint the strongest part of the pipe. The joint can slightly
vary according to the form of the pipe ends to be jointed. I will describe it for
two instances by aid of the accompanying drawings. In these :-
Fig 1 shows a longitudinal section of a joint joining an earthenware unflanged
pipe to a socketted lead pipe.
Fig 2 elevation of same.
Fig 3 is a longitudinal section of a joint joining an earthenware flanged pipe to a
lead flanged pipe.
Like letters relate to equivalent or like parts in all the drawings.
In both these instances, I form the bore of the two pipes of the same diameter,
in the first instance however, as there is no flange on the earthenware pipe, I have
to put a socket in the lead pipe, so as to find a purchase to compress the lead
against the cement between it and the earthenware pipe by bolts as already
described.
I accordingly provide the lead pipe A with a socket end B and insert therein
butt of the earthenware pipe C, and fill up with cement D, I now put on a jointed
sleeve E of iron or other suitable material and bolt the two halves of this tight
together with bolts F, squeezing the lead tight into the cement. The end or
flange e of the sleeve fitting over and against the end of the lead socket, or against
an iron ring G placed behind it to protect it, prevents the lead from puckering, and
by hammering the sleeve up against the socket, I get several rings of compression as
it were, the end at G and where the two pairs of bolts F F compress. In Fig 3
where both pipes are flanged I put cement D between them, and usually draw
them up tight by bolts F F as in the other case, or in other ways hold the two
pipes together till the sleeve can be put on, and a setting cement run in to fix the
whole tight and act as a fastener. If bolts are used the sleeve E is preferably
bolted to the flanges, and the whole drawn up tight. The sleeve then practically
becomes also a socket of the lead pipe fitting over the earthenware pipe as in the
other case.
The outer end of the sleeve at H curves towards the earthenware pipe,
thus forming a dove-tail for the cement; if the sleeve be of earthenware or other
inflexible material, it cannot be compressed, so as to bend in like the metallic
sleeve and lead socket combined of Figs 1 and 2. I therefore form its interior

page_text: surface corrugated as shewn, so that when the cement sets, there is the turned up
end H and the corrugations performing the same services as the turned up ends e
and clasping rings and bolts F perform in Figs 1 and 2. The same effect may be
The sleeve is
produced by corrugations or flutings in the inner side of the sleeve.
preferably of pottery or similar material to the pipe-which is to be joined to the
lead pipe or other pipe of unlike material. As with such material one cannot
compress it to get the cement between it and the joint tight, I fill it with a semi-
fluid setting cement such as Portland or Roman cement, which tightens itself in
setting and thus makes a complete key and water tight stopping.
The lead flange is embedded in cement between the flanges of the earthenware
pipe and sleeve, just as the lead socket was embedded between the earthenware
pipe and sleeve.
There is thus in each case a lead pipe and an earthenware pipe
with uniform continuous bore with cement between, and the whole compressed
together with bolts, or if desired, other means; over this in each case is a strong
sleeve of hard material, with its flange circling round the lead pipe and covering
the joint, and bolding it tight to the earthenware one. To give a better grip, or
still further prevent the chance of leakage, I prefer to corrugate the outside sleeve
with corrugations running entirely round the sleeve, or in jointed sleeves, they can
be made with two straps firmly compressing the lead socket at two points in the
length all round the circumference. One of these straps must have clips to
compress the lead pipe against the earthenware with or without a ring, so as to
form the mechanical equivalent of the sleeve as above described.
I have now described two variations of my invention. It is obvious that in
jointing up pipes of varying contour and material, slight variations will be found
requisite to adapt my invention thereto, anyone however with the above description
can easily arrange for it by varying the positions of the bolts or the exact method
of giving the squeeze as required.
Now I am will aware that socket joints run with cement are old, and that
flanged joints united by bolts with cement between the flanges are well known,
and I make no claim for these but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1st. The joint for sanitary or other pipes, consisting in addition to the socketted
or flanged cement joint, of an outer sleeve between which and the pipes a layer of
cement is tightly compressed by its own expansion on setting, or by the contraction
of the said sleeve by means of bolts or otherwise.
2nd. The joint applicable for flanged, sanitary or other pipes having an outer
sleeve roughened or corrugated in its interior to hold the cement, substantially as
set forth in Fig 3.
3rd. The joint applicable for joining a lead pipe to an earthenware or other
sanitary pipe without flange, in which an outer sleeve with device for tightening
the same is placed over the cement and leaden socket and tightened when in
position, substantially as described and illustrated in Figs 1 and 2.
100
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.