New or Improved Machinery for the Manufacture; of Horse-shoe Nails.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st June, 1892-Accepted, 23rd July, 1892
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION..
New or Improved Machinery for the Manufacture; of Horse-shoe
Nails.
We, GEORGE ALBION COOMBS, of Gothenburg, in the. Kingdom of Sweden,
Engineer, and THE UNITED HORSE SHOE AND NAIL COMPANY, LIMITED, of
Millwall, in the County of Middlesex, do. hereby declare the nature of the said
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to new or improved machinery for upsetting, widening, or
thickening out of the heads of nail blanks previously punched from strips of plate
iron or steel with thickened edges. The object of upsetting, widening or
thickening out the heads of such blanks is to avoid the scrap or waste which
would occur if blanks with such relatively broad heads and narrow bodies were
punched or pressed direct from the strips of plate.
1
The said new or improved machinery consists of the following arrangements:
A suitable framework carries a driving shaft which communicates motion by
gearing to two other shafts, one of which gives motion by means of a cam to a
lever which actuates a slide carrying the matrices in which the upsetting of the
heads of the nail blanks is effected, while the other shaft gives motion by means
of another cam to a lever which actuates the upsetting die or plunger.
The nail blanks are fed into the heading matrix of the machine through a
pipe or tube, from the lower end of which they are released, one at a time, by
an arm actuated by a link and lever which receive their motion in one direction
from a pin secured in a disc or arm mounted on one of the cam shafts of the
machine, and in the opposite direction by means of a spring. The matrix in
which the head of the nail is upset is composed of two pieces of steel, each
having formed in it one half of the hollow or recess forming the matrix, and
preferably each half of such matrix is so situated in its corresponding piece of
steel that when the two pieces of steel composing the complete matrix are brought
together, the line of their junction is in line with one of the diagonals of the
quadrilateral outline of the upper part of the recess in which the head of the
blank is upset and the cross section of the matrix is angular in such manner that
the heads upset in such matrix can be made straight backed. The two. pieces
of steel composing the matrix are mounted in slides which have motion imparted
to them of a nature that causes the said parts of the matrix to close together
when the head of a nail blank is to be upset, and to open or separate when the
upset blank is to be ejected and a fresh one fed in.
The matrix is brought in an open condition under the feeding pipe or tube to
receive the nail blank, and is then closed and brought with the said blank under the
upsetting die or plunger.
Below the said matrix and slides are arranged two other slides working in
channels formed in the table of the machine; these slides work in unison with the
matrix and its slides and are opened to receive the shank of the blank, and then
closed to grasp and hold the same while its head is being upset. It then receives
motions by the combined action of the said matrix slides and certain springs of
different strengths acting in combination with a spring stop, which cause the said
slides to assist in the ejection of the blank from the matrix after the head of the
said blank has been upset.
Another slide is also arranged to reciprocate below the aforesaid matrix and
other slides which carries a screw having a flat top, this screw is adjustable
vertically to suit different lengths of blanks, so that when a nail blank falls from
the feeding tube into the matrix and shank holders, or grippers, the point of such

page_text: blank rests upon the said flat top, and remains there till after the matrix has
clamped the head of the said blank when the said slide and screw are withdrawn.
The object of this arrangement is that all the nail blanks shall fall exactly the
same distance into the matrix, thus decreasing the liability to the production of
burrs on the heads of the blanks in the process of upsetting by reason of some of 5
the blanks being clamped by the matrix higher up or lower down than others.
Dated this 21st day of September 1891.
THE UNITED HORSE SHOE & NAIL CO., LIMITED.
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.
ED HORSE SHOE & NAIL CO., LIMITED.
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, E.C., A gent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Machinery for the Manufacture of Horse-shoe
Nails.
We, GEORGE ALBION COOMBS, of Gothenburg, in the Kingdom of Sweden,
Engineer, and THE UNITED HORSE SHOE AND NAIL COMPANY LIMITED, of
Millwall, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the accompanying three sheets of drawings and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
This invention relates to new or improved machinery for upsetting, widening or
thickening out the heads of nail blanks previously punched from strips of plate iron
or steel with thickened edges. The object of upsetting, widening or thickening out
of the heads of such blanks is to avoid the scrap or waste which would occur if
blanks with relatively broad heads and narrow bodies were punched or pressed
<lirect from the strips of plate.
The said new or improved machinery consists of the arrangements shown in the
accompanying drawings, in which.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with the
invention.
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are vertical sectional elevations taken on line 1-1 of
Figures 5 and 6 but to a larger scale than Figures 1, 5 and 6.
Figure 5 is a front view of part of machine showing feeding arrangement.
Figure 6 is a plan of part of the table of the machine showing the feeding
arrangement and the heading matrix.
Figure 7 is a plan of a heading matrix.
Figures 7 and 7" are respectively elevations on the line 2-2 of Figure 7 of the
two parts composing the matrix.
Figure 7 is a section. taken on line 3-3 of Figure 7.
Figures 7, 74, 7 and 7° represent the parts about full size.
Figure 8 is a section of the plate or strip out of which the blank nails are cut.
Figure 8 shows how the blanks are cut out a larger sized blank being cut from
one side of the plate or strip than from the other in order to economise material, as
is well understood by those conversant with the art of horse shoe nail making.
Figures 8 and 8 show two forms to which the heads of blanks such as those
shown in Figure 8ª may be upset, widened or thickened out by the machine.
a
A suitable framework A carries a driving shaft A driven preferably by
friction pulley (not shown in the drawings) and carrying a pinion B which gives
motion to two other shafts C and D by means of gearing C D¹. One of these.
shafts gives motion, by means of a cam E, to a lever F which actuates the
slides G G carrying the two parts U U' forming the matrix in which the upsetting
of the heads of the nail blanks is effected. The slides G G' are moved inwards by

page_text: the
upper end of the lever F bearing against the end of the slide G, and outwards,
by a pair of links F1 pin-jointed at one end to the slide G and at the other to
the upper end of the lever F. The lower end of the lever F is pressed against the
cam E by a spring or other suitable appliance, not shown in the drawings. The
other shaft D gives motion by means of a cam H to a lever I which actuates
the upsetting die or plunger J. The friction roller I¹ on the end of the lever I is
mounted in a fork I which is preferably made adjustable vertically by means of a
screwed stem I' and two nuts as shown in Figure 1, for the purpose of regulating
the stroke of the plunger J.
K and L are two slides working in channels formed for them in the table M of
the machine, the operation of these slides will be hereinafter explained.
The nail blanks are fed by hand or otherwise, points downwards, into the heading
matrix of the machine, through a pipe or tube N from the lower end of which they
are released, one at a time at each revolution of the shaft C by an adjustable pin
bolted to the spur wheel C¹ or to an arm mounted on the shaft C. The said pin O
striking against the lower arm of the lever Q carries the same away from its
position against the stop R on the frame A¹ and causes the upper arm of the said
lever to move to the left from the position shewn in Figure 1 and by means of the
connecting link S draws the end of the arm T, which is pivotted at T', out of a
slot in the lower end of the pipe or tube N sufficiently to allow a blank to fall into
the matrix when the latter comes just under the said pipe or tube. On the lower
end of the lever Q being released by the further rotation of the pin O, it is drawn
back against the stop Ŕ by a spring Q₁ and the end of the arm T is pushed back
into the pipe
or tube N to prevent the further passage of blanks until the lever Q
is again operated at the next revolution of the shaft Č.
R
The matrix in which the head of the nail blank is upset is composed of two
pieces of steel U U₁, each having formed in it one half of the hollow or recess U
constituting the matrix, and preferably each half of such matrix is so situated in
its corresponding piece of steel that when the said two pieces of steel composing
the complete matrix are brought together the line of their junction is in line with
one of the diagonals of the quadrilateral outline of the upper part of the recess U
in which the head of the blank is upset; and the adjacent faces of the pieces of
steel forming the matrix are shaped angularly at the
receive the head of the blank is formed as shown at Per part where the recess to
in Figures 7, 7ª 7B and 7º,
which arrangement admits of the matrix being made in two pieces of steel only, in
such manner that the nail blank heads may be formed with more or less straight
backs, if desired, as shown for example in Figure 8°.
The two pieces of steel U U' composing the matrix are mounted respectively in
the slides G G which are operated by the lever F acted on by the cam E on the
shaft C in such manner that the said parts of the matrix are closed together when
the head of a nail blank is to be upset, and opened or separated when the upset
blank is to be ejected, and a fresh one fed in.
Below the said matrix U U' and slides G G₁ are arranged the two other
slides KL working in channels formed in the table M of the machine; these slides
work in unison with the matrix and its slides, and are opened to receive the shank
of the blank and then closed to grasp and hold the same while the head is being
upset. They then receive motions, by the combined action of the matrix slide
and the springs Z Z of different strengths acting in combination with a spring stop
or latch K which cause the said slides to assist in the ejection of the blank from
the matrix after the head of the said blank has been upset.
Another slide V is also arranged to reciprocate below the aforesaid matrix and
the slides K L; it carries a screw V' having a flat table like top, this screw is
adjustable vertically to suit different lengths of blanks, so that when a nail blank
falls from the feeding tube N into the matrix U' and shank holders or grippers K L
the point of such blank rests upon the said flat top of the screw V₁ and remains
there till after the matrix has clamped the head of the said blank when the said
slide V and screw V₁ are withdrawn. The object of this arrangement is that all

page_text: the nail blanks shall fall exactly the same distance into the matrix, thus decreasing
the liability to the production of burrs on the heads of the blanks in the process of
upsetting, by reason of some of the blanks being clamped by the matrix higher up
or lower down than others.
The slide V is moved out from under the centre of the matrix by the cam W
acting on the arm X to which is connected one end of a strap or cord X, the other
end of which, after passing over a guide pulley X', is connected to the slide V
The slide is moved inwards again by the spring Y see Figures 5 and 6. The
arm X is held up to the cam W by means of the spring X³.
The action of the machine is as follows:-
.on
Supposing the parts of the machine to be in the positions shown in Figure 1 the
slides G G carrying the parts U U₁ of the matrix will be in the position shown in
Figure 2, that is to say at the time when the upsetter or plunger is operating.c
the head of a blank U held in the matrix U. The upsetter or plunger J then
rises and the slide G retires to the position shown in Figure 3. The spring Z
being stronger than the spring Z', causes the two slides K and L holding the body
or shank of the blank between them, to move the same distance in the same
direction carrying with them the blank, thus preventing the same from remaining
sticking to the part U₁ of the matrix or from hanging up in it by a burr, should
there be one on those sides of the head which have been in that half of the matrix.
The slide V carrying the screw V₁ is then drawn out from under the blank.
The slide L can go no further because the nuts L' on the end of its rod L³
come in contact with the stop L' and prevent further movement. If there is no
burr on the sides of the head of the blank in the part U of the matrix, and it does
not stick there from any other cause, the blank will now fall out as shown in
Figure 4 on the slide G continuing its motion. Should the blank hang up in U it
will be pushed out by the slide K under the action of the spring which now, not
having the stronger spring Z acting against it, causes the slide K to remain behind
so that its face is no longer flush with the face of the part U of the matrix, as
shown in Figure 4, thereby pushing the blank out of the part U of the matrix.
The pin G³ fixed in the slide G and taking into the slot K in the slide K governs
the amount that the slide K can fall behind the part U of the matrix. The slide G
continuing its outward motion draws the slide G₁ after it by means of the bolt
heads G of the bolts G and continues to do so till the slide G arrives at the end
of its travel as shown in Figure 4. Then on the return or inward stroke the
slide G approaches the slide G¹ the latter remaining stationary until the slide G
comes in contact with it, because the bolts G* are free to slide in the holes in the
lugs G on the slide G¹. The slide V with its screw V₁ now moves in under the
centre of the matrix, and when the slide G has approached sufficiently near to
the slide G (the half of the matrix in the part U₁ lying at that time just under the
feeding tube N) the arm T is withdrawn momentarily in the tube N by the link S
and lever Qas before explained, allowing a blank to fall into the matrix U' formed
by the parts U U. The slide G then continuing its movement closes up against
the slide G and pushes it back into the position shown in Figure 2 firmly gripping
the blank in the matrix, the upsetter or plunger J then descends on to the head
of the blank as before.
The slide K is made with a bevilled part as shown in Figures 1 2, 3 and 4 which
comes against a similarly bevilled end of a vertically sliding spring actuated stop or
pin K when the slide G is moved inwards into the position for receiving a blank
thereby arresting the progress, in the same direction as the slide G. of the slide K
which is being pressed inwards by its spring. The object of this stoppage of
the slide K is to prevent the said slide from projecting beyond the face of the part
U of the matrix, when the said part U is in position to receive a blank which pro-
jection might interfere with the free falling of the said blank into the matrix.
After the blank has fallen into the matrix the slide G continues its inward
movement, as above described and the pin G³ is brought up to the end of the
slot K2 in the slide K and the continued motion of the slide G forces the slide K

page_text: inwards with it, the bevilled part of the slide K acting on the bevilled part of the
sliding stop or latch K' causing the latter to descend, and to allow of the passage
of the slide K over it. On the slide K arriving again, on the return or outward
stroke, into the position shown in Figure 3 the stop or latch K' is forced up by its
spring K and the slide K is then held by its spring Z¹ and the stop or latch K¹
until the pin G³ reaches the end of the slot K' when the slide K is forced to con-
tinue its movement outwards along with the slide G but with its face projecting
somewhat beyond the face of the part U as shown in Figure 4 to a distance.
dependent upon the length of the slot K2 in order to push off, as before explained,
any blank that may hang up or stick in the part U of the matrix.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is —
First In a machine for upsetting, widening or thickening out the heads of nail
blanks, the construction of the matrix for shaping the heads of such nail blanks
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 7, 7* 7B and 7° of the
drawings.
Second-In a machine for upsetting widening or thickening out the heads of
nail blanks the use of slides G G₁ carrying the parts U U' composing the matrix
for shaping the said heads, the said slides being combined, connected and operated
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
of the drawings.
Third In a machine for upsetting widening or thickening out the heads of nail
blanks the slides G G₁ carrying the parts U U₁ composing the matrix for shaping
the said heads; the slides K and L, the springs Z and Z of unequal power, the
pin G and slot K2 and the spring stop or latch K', combined, arranged and
operating substantially as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3,
4, 5 and 6 of the drawings.
Fourth In a machine for upsetting, widening or thickening out the heads of
nail blauks, the use of a slide V with an adjustable screw V₁ to define the distance
to which the blanks shall fall into the matrix, arranged and operating substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the
drawings.
Fifth-In à machine for upsetting widening or thickening out the heads of nail
blanks the mechanism for releasing the blanks one by one from the feeding tube,
consisting of the pin O, secured adjustably in a disc or arm on one of the shafts of
the machine, the lever Q, the link S, the arm T, the spring Q and the stop R,
combined, arranged and operating as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 5 and 6 of the drawings.
Sixth The machine for upsetting, widening or thickening out the heads of nail
blanks, constructed, arranged and operating as herein before described and illus-
trated in the drawings.
Dated this 20th day of June 1892.
Dated this 20th day of June 1892.
U. A. COUMDS.
UNITED HORSE SHOE & NAIL CO., LIMITED.
W. H. Beck,
Per G. E. Ganyon,
115, Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.