IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBONS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHTING
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Cloid Bradley Shalders of 4 New London Street
in the City of London for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CARBONS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHTING
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Cloid Bradley
Shalders at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th November
1882.
HENRY CLOID BRADLEY SHALDERS of 4 New London Street in the City of
London "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBONS FOR ELECTRIC
LIGHTING
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of carbons
for electric lighting.
For this purpose I take peat either moss peat or bog peat or bog oak but
preferably I take moss peat of the genus Sphagnum now commonly imported from
Rhenish Prussia. This latter material is practically free from earthy impurities
and ordinarily needs no preliminary cleansing but if it contains impurities or if
using other forms of peat contaminated with impurities I first cleanse the peat by
washing in water or with acid or alkaline solutions as may be necessary.
Having done this the material is dried preferably by free exposure to the
When the material has been
atmosphere but artificial heat may also be employed.
sufficiently dried I calcine it in closed vessels at a high temperature. To the
resulting product I add sufficient syrup of sugar starch rice and gum or such
like to make it into a paste. This mixture I then compress by any known
method into moulds of the form required with high pressure and then again
submit the now moulded carbons to a high temperature in closed vessels.
An external coating may be given to the carbons formed as above described in
any ordinary way.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Cloid Bradley Shalders in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th May 1883.
HENRY CLOID BRADLEY SHALDERS of 4 New London Street in the City of
London "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBONS FOR ELECTRIC
LIGHTING
"
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of carbons
for electric lighting.
For this purpose I take peat either moss peat or bog peat or bog oak but
preferably I take moss peat of the Genus Sphagnum now commonly imported
from Rhenish Prussia and elsewhere. This latter species or material is practically
free from earthy impurities and ordinarily needs no preliminary cleansing but if it
contains impurities or if using other forms of peat that are contaminated with
impurities I first cleanse the peat by washing in water-it may in some cases-also
be desirable to wash the peat with acid or alkaline solutions but hitherto I have
not found it necessary to do more than thoroughly wash the peat with water.
Having done this the material is dried preferably by exposure to the atmosphere.
but artificial heat may also be employed. When the material-has-been-sufficiently
dried I calcine it by preference but not of necessity in a closed vessel at a high
temperature. After the material has in this way been carbonized I grind the same
to a fine powder, this may be done either before or after the purification process.
To the resulting_product_of_ground carbon I add sufficient syrup of sugar or
solution of starch or gum or other such like substance to make it into a paste.
This mixture I then compress into moulds of the form required. Or compress it
through-dies-or otherwise mould-it by pressure into the form of rods tubes plates
lumps discs filaments or other form required. The now moulded carbons I again
submit to a high temperature preferably in closed vessels.
An external coating may subsequently be given to the carbons formed as above
described in any ordinary way.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the saine I would have it understood that I claim. The manufacture of carbons
used when lighting by electricity from moss peat of the genus Sphagnum or other
form of peat as herein before described.
In witness whereof I the said Henry Cloid Bradley Shalders have hereunto
set my hand and seal this Ninth day of May in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
HENRY CB SHALDERS
(L.S.)