IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUB- STANCES
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN HYDE,
of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Thirty-first day of December, in the sixth year of His
reign, did give and grant unto me, the said John Hyde, my exors, admňors,
and assigns, especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said John Hyde, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Hyde, my exors, adññors, and assigns, should agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
John Hyde, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Hyde, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention of "Improve-

page_text: ments in Machinery for Carding Cotton and other Fibrous Substances," to
consist in a saving of the strips of cotton or other material worked therein,
inasmuch as such strips of cotton or other material will be equal or superior
to the cotton or other material when first put into the carding engine, all the
motes and short fibres being taken from the strips, leaving them pure and clean,
so much so that when put into the engine and worked again will produce a
superior quality of carded cotton or other carded material, which is effected by
the method in which the cotton or other carded material is cleared from the
flat or card in a cleaned state, and leaving the dirt or refuse in the card, which
dirt or refuse is cleaned out as it progresses onward, and is then deposited in
a box separate from that in which the clean strips are deposited. By this
improvement there is a great saving in cards, they not being liable to be
injured by stripping, cleaning, and grinding, as they are upon the old principle;
there is also much less fly or waste cotton made. Another advantage is
effected by the great superiority of the carding, over the common method,
inasmuch as the fibres of the carded material are laid so straight that in using
most qualities of cotton drawing frames may be dispensed with, as cach of the
described parts of the Invention executing their several parts so accurately,
that the machine or carding engine requires little or no attention, except the
common method of supplying with material; and the manner in which the
same is to be performed and carried into effect will be more clearly seen
by reference to the annexed Drawing, in all which views, plans, and sections
of my improvements in the carding engine letters and figures of reference are
used, the same letters and figures of reference indicating the same parts
throughout

page_text: flattening one side of the roller No. 3, and fixing the comb to such flattened
part of the roller. At one end of the roller a wheel is fixed, see No. 4 in the
Drawing; this wheel contains four teeth, but a lesser or greater number may
be used. In the Drawing, A represents the four teeth which act upon the
wheel No. 6, and cause the comb on No. 5 roller to leave the brush and rise
to a proper height. B is a cavity or deeper space in which the long tooth in the
.wheel No. 6, marked A, works. C is a rise on the cirelo of the wheel about
a quarter of an inch, and about two inches long, upon which the long tooth
rests, and causes the wheel No. 6 to stand still until the comb in the
roller No. 3 rises to a proper height. D is lower than the rise, and allows
the long tooth to pass, causing the comb on No. 5 to fall upon the comb or
roller No. 3. The two prejections, E and B, upon the rollers Nos. 3 and 5
meeting together, cause the comb No. 5 to stand still; the comb No. 3 con-
stantly moving clears the cotton or other material from No. 5. When cleared,
E and B cease to act, and passing each other, No. 5 comb falls to the
brush No. 7, one side being weighted. No. 3 in its course comes in contact
with the plate No. 1, and presses down the springs Nos. 2, causes the
plate No. 1 to slide under the teeth of the comb No. 3, and thereby taking
the cotton from the comb and depositing it in a box for the purpose, No. 1
then rising to its former position. The comb No. 5 to be made as the
comb No. 3, but to have a double row of teeth. No. 7 is a brush of about six
inches in diameter, covered with bristles, and constantly moving round, cleans
the flats as they pass under it. No. 8 represents a dat upon which the cards
are fastened.
No. 9 is a frame, each end of which works in a groove, bead,
or rabbit, and in which the flatt No. 8 is placed. Bo it observed, that each end
of the frame No. 9 may be grooved, rabitted, or beaded, and work on a bead
or hedge on the bend No. 14, for which see the Plate. No. 10 is a screw, the
head being fixed between the two plates Nos. 11 and 12. This screw passes.
through a tapped bar in No. 9, and so fastens the flat and the frame together,
and projecting through is to be turned by a key, by which means the flats are
set higher or lower. No. 11 is a blank plate sunk in the flat No. 8 near
each end, and upon which the head of a screw No. 10 rests.
No. 12 is a
plate through which the screw No. 10 passes, and is screwed to the flats,
pressing the head of the screw No. 10 to the plate No. 11. No. 18 is
a roller or shaft, each end working in studs resting on the bends No. 14
on each side the cylinder. Be it observed, that one such roller or shaft
be fixed to the feeding side, and another to the doffing side the cylinder,
and, being worked by geering, will propel the flatts or give them a constant
motion, so moving and propelling them through the groove, bead, or rabbit,

page_text: and so in like manner over the upper bend No. 16, by which means they are
brought into contact with the brush No. 7 to be stripped and cleaned.
No. 15 represents the groove, bead, or rabbit in the bend No. 14. No. 17 is
an endless strap, of which two are used to each machine. Observe, a strap or
chain, or any other material may be used that will answer the same purpose,
and to which the end of each flat is fixed or fastened. These straps, with the
flats attached, go round the pullies G and H on No 13, and also on similar
pullies on the opposite side of the engine, so performing as described above.
No. 18 is a step or stud upon which the ends of the bend No. 14 rest, and by
which means the bends can be raised or lowered as the cylinder or the axis of
the cylinder may wear, and can be moved either to the right or left as the
step wears.
Having now described my improvements in machinery for carding cotton
and other fibrous substances, I shall state that I do not claim as my Invention
any of the separate or well-known parts or arrangements of machinery which
are common to carding engines now in use; but I do claim as my Invention
each and every part herein-before and in the said Plan hereto annexed
described; and my Invention, and the several arrangements thereof, may be
applied either to old or new engines of the ordinary description.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hyde, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
cond night hundred and thirty-six.