A New or Improved Process for Moulding or Shaping Celluvert, Vulcanized-fibre, and such like Material, and the Manufacture of Moulded Articles therefrom.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Process for Moulding or Shaping Celluvert,
Vulcanized-fibre, and such like Material, and the Manufacture of
Moulded Articles therefrom.
We, CARL LUDWIG GUSTAV MOLL, and HERMANN ESGEN, of the Firm of
L. Moll Esgen & Co., of 108 and 109 Fore Street, in the City of London, Agents
and Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows :-
The material or materials variously known in slightly varying conditions, or
composition, as celluvert, vulcanized-fibre, and by other names, has hitherto been
regarded as incapable of being moulded into desired forms: Now our invention
provides a method by which this substance may be moulded without destroying its
characteristic and valuable chemical and physical properties.
"
According to our invention the celluvert, or the like, which is to be moulded, say,
for instance, a piece cut out of a sheet, whether of the "hard or "flexible" kind
is soaked for a short time, varying with the size or thickness of the piece, but say
for instance, for small articles for some minutes, in a hot water bath, preferably of
about 72° centigrade, more or less, but we find the water from the condenser of a
steam engine is sufficiently near to the required temperature and answers well for
this purpose.
The soaked piece is then taken from the bath and placed in the mould, the parts
of which must be gradually and slowly forced towards each other in the ordinary,
or any convenient manner, until they are quite closed, or as may be required.
During this operation, which for small articles usually occupies a few minutes,
any edges of the material, which may project beyond the edge of the mould, or
otherwise be in excess of what is desired, may be cut away, preferably with a
sharp knife, and any distortion attending the compression of the moulds, or
otherwise, must be rectified during the operation of bringing parts of the mould
together.
The projecting edges (if any) being thus trimmed, the still closed moulds must
be placed for a considerable time, in some cases we have found 4 or 5 hours a
suitable period, in a hot and, preferably, dry place, such, for instance, as is afforded
by the close proximity of an engine-boiler.
After this the article may be removed from the moulds and submitted to a
further drying, the time depending on the nature and size of the article and
surrounding circumstances, but we have found half an hour answer well for some
small articles. The shape of the piece will then be definitely formed and the
article completed, or, if several pieces are required to form an article, they may be
cemented, glued, or otherwise joined together.
Dated the Fifth day of September 1892.

page_text: '
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Process for Moulding or Shaping Celluvert
Vulcanized-fibre, and such like Material, and the Manufacture of
Moulded Articles therefrom.
We, CARL LUDWIG GUSTAV MOLL, and HERMANN ESGEN, of the Firm of
L. Moll Esgen & Co. of 108 and 109 Fore Street in the City of London Agents
and Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The material or materials variously known under slightly varying conditions or
composition as celluvert, vulcanized fibre and by other names has hitherto been
regarded as incapable of being moulded into desired forms so much so that the
. price lists of most of the manufacturers of the several varieties of this material
, usually contain a statement to the effect that "this material cannot be moulded."
Now our invention provides a method by which this substance may be moulded
without destroying its characteristic and valuable chemical and physical properties
and so renders it practicable to produce many articles which could not heretofore be
made of this substance, such for instance as hydraulic ram rings, hydraulic cups
for air compressors and pump cups generally and various other articles for which
its peculiarities render it specially valuable.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings we have represented in
Fig. 1a plan and Fig. 2 a section of a screw press or mould with a piece of the
material in process of being bent.
Fig. 3 represents in section a similar mould with the core screwed home and the
culluvert brought into shape.
Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a plan and section of an hydraulic or pump-cup.
Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively a plan aud section of an hydraulic ram ring
manufactured as herein described.
According to our invention the celluvert, or the like, which is to be moulded,
say for instance a piece of about the size required for the article intended, cut
from a sheet, whether of the "hard ΟΙ "flexible" kind of thickness corresponding
exactly with the space between the plunger and the sides of the mould such as the
disc, pierced in the centre partly shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 and marked A is soaked for
a short time varying witli the size or thickness of the piece, but say for instance
for such small articles as those above mentioned and shewn in the drawings, for
some minutes, usually about six or seven minutes, in a hot water bath, preferably of
about 720 centigrade more or less, but we find the water from the condenser of a
steam engine is sufficiently near to the required temperature and answers well for
this purpose.
!
The soaked piece is then taken from the bath and placed between the parts B, B¹
of a mould which must be gradually and slowly forced towards each other by any
convenient and well known means such for instance as the screw c and nut d shown
in the drawings. As the pressure is applied the part of the material not actually..
within the mould generally shows a disposition to become frilled or puckered, and
the operator must, as soon as this commences rub it vigorously with a suitable tool,
the, stem of his screw spanner is convenient and may be used for this purpose the
free edge is thus worked upwards towards the plunger or core B₁ and smoothed;
the core is again further screwed in until by alternate rubbing and screwing the
core is got home as shewn in Fig. 3 or as may be required. This operation usually
occupies from say three to five minutes and when completed or at the proper stage
any edges of the material which may project out of the mould may be trimmed
off and any superfluity cut away preferably with a sharp knife or other suitable
The projecting edges (if any) being thus trimmed the still closed mould must be 5
tool.

page_text: placed for a considerable time, for such articles as those described we have found
four or five hours a suitable period, in a hot and dry place, such for instance as is
afforded by the close proximity of a steam engine boiler, or where special drying
apparatus is available the drying may obviously be done in less time.
After this the article may be removed from the mould and submitted to a further
drying until it is sufficiently hard, the time depending on the nature and size of the
article and the surrounding circumstances and on the extent to which it has been
previously dried in the mould, we have found half an hour to answer well for such
small articles as those named.
The shape of the piece will then be definitely formed and the moulding
completed, and articles such as the above named cups and rings may have their
edges bevelled and finished in a lathe or if several pieces are required to form one
article they may be cemented or glued or otherwise joined together in any well
known and suitable manner.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of our invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is:
1. The hereinbefore described process for moulding and shaping celluvert,
vulcanized fibre, and like material.
2. The manufacture of moulded articles of celluvert, vulcanized fibre, and the
like, substantially as described.
3. Rings for hydraulic rams, hydraulic cups for air compressing and other pumps
moulded from celluvert, vulcanized fibre, or the like substantially as hereinbefore
described and set forth.
Dated the 1st day of June One thousand eight hundred and ninety-three.
CARL LUDWIG GUSTAV MOLL.
HERMANN ESGEN.