IMPROVEMENTS IN THE. MANUFACTURE OF HORSE-SHOES, AND IN MACHINERY USED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Symmons, of Wolverhampton, in the County
of Stafford, Manager of the Patent Tip and Horse-shoe Company, of
Wolverhampton, aforesaid, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE.
MANUFACTURE OF HORSE-SHOES, AND IN MACHINERY USED IN THE SAID
MANUFACTURE."
1
Sealed the 30th January 1866, and dated the 26th August 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Symmons at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
August, 1865.
I, JOHN SYMMONS, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Manager
of the Patent Tip and Horse-shoe Company, of Wolverhampton, aforesaid,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE-SHOES, AND IN MACHINERY USED IN THE SAID
MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
In manufacturing horse-shoes according to my Invention I take heated:
bars of iron of suitable length and size, and by means of the machinery
herein-after described. I make on the one side of the bar the groove com-
monly called the fullering, and on the other side of the bar I form, at the
same time and by the same. machine, the inclination to form the seating of

page_text: the shoe. I also make concavities on that side of the bar on which the
fullering is made. By means of the same machine I also form countersinks
or depressions at the points where the nail holes are to be made. The bars
thus prepared, and while still hot, are bent into a horse-shoe form by means
of a machine resembling in all essential respects the machine ordinarily
employed for bending shoe tips. The nail holes are made in the ordinary
manner at the countersunk depressions made by the machine.
My improvements in machinery used in the manufacture of horse-shoes are
as follows: The said machinery consists of a pair of rolls to which a recip-
rocating motion is communicated. One of the said rolis has the form proper
to produce the grooves or fullering and the concavities on one side of the bar
operated upon, as well as the countersinks for the nail holes, and the other
roll has the figure proper to produce the inclination called the seating on the
other side of the bar.
In using the said machinery the heated bar of iron is introduced between
the rolls before they commence their advance motion. The said heated bar
being carried between them is shaped by them, and delivered at the side of
the rolls opposite to that at which it was introduced.
'Where double or treble grooves or fullerings are required to be made in
"the horse-shoe a corresponding form is given to the roll 'by which the grooves
or fullerings are produced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Symmons in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd February 1866.
'TO ALL TO WHOM THESE 'PRESENTS SHALL COME, 'I, JOHN
SYMMONS, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Manager of
the Patent Tip and Horse-shoe Company, of Wolverhampton, aforesaid, send
.greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give andigrant unto me," the
said John Symmons, Her special licence that'I, the said John Symmons, my
-executors; administrators, and assigns, or. such others: as. I, the said John
Symmons, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
twith, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should: and. lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU..
FACTURE OF HORSE-SHOES, AND IN MACHINERY USED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE,
upon, the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Symmons, my
executors; or, administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,:
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was; to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed; in the Great Seal Patent Office,
within, six calendar months next and; immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
"
NOW, KNOW YE, that I, the, said John Symmons, do hereby declare.
the nature, of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be,
performed, to be, particularly, described and ascertained in and by the follow-.
ing statement thereof, that is to say :-
In manufacturing horse-shoes according to my Invention I take heated:
bars of iron of suitable length and size, and by means of the machinery
herein-after described I make on the one side of the bar the groove com-
monly called; the fullering, the said fullering extending nearly to the ends, of
the bar, and on the other side of the bar I form at the same time and by the.
same machine the inclination to form, the seating of the shoe. By means of.
the same machine I also form countersinks or depressions at the points where,
the nail holes are to be made. I also so construct the machine that it leaves
untouched the ends of the bar, the said ends having their original figure.
The bars thus prepared, and while still hot, are bent into a horse-shoe form
by means of a machine resembling in all essential respects the machine.
ordinarily employed for bending, shoe tips. The nail holes are made in the
ordinary manner at the countersunk depressions made by. the machine.
:
My improvements in machinery used in the manufacture of horse-shoes are,
as follows: The said machinery consists of a pair of rolls to which a recip-
rocating motion is communicated. One of the said rolls has the form proper
to produce the grooves or fullering on one side of the. bar oeprated upon, asi
well as the countersinks for the nail holes, and the other roll has the figure
proper to. produce the inclination called the seating on the other side of the
bar.
In using the said machinery the heated bar. of iron is introduced between.
the rolls before they commence their advance motion. The said, heated bar
being carried between them is shaped by them, and delivered at the side of:
the rolls opposite to that at which it was introduced.

page_text: Where double or treble grooves or fullerings are required to be made in
:the horse-shoe a corresponding form is given to the roll by which the grooves
or fullerings are produced. Instead of giving a reciprocating motion to the
rolls the said rolls may have a continuous rotary motion.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to describe,
with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents a cross section and plan of a bar of iron to be formed
into a horse-shoe, the said bar being shaped according to my Invention. On
the upper side of the said bar is a groove a, commonly called the fullering,
the said fullering extending nearly to the ends of the bar, and on the opposite
:side of the bar is an inclination marked 6 to form the seating of the shoe, the
ends of the bar on either side being left solid or unacted upon. In the
fullering a is a series of countersinks or depressions marked o at the points
where the nail boles are to be made. The fullering a, countersinks or
depressions c, and inclination b are formed at the same time by the machine
herein-after described; or the fullering a and inclination 6 only may be made
by the machine. The bar of iron prepared in the manner represented in
Figure 1 is bent while still hot into a horse-shoe, as represented in Figure 2,
by means of a machine resembling in all essential respects the machine
ordinarily employed for bending shoe tips. As the said bending macbine
constitutes no part of my Invention I do not think a description of the same
necessary. The nail holes in the shoes are made at the countersinks or
depressions in the ordinary way. Instead of a single groove or fullering in
the bar, as represented in Figure 1, a double groove or fullering may be made
in the upper side of the bar, as illustrated in section and plan in Figure 3,
where the double groove or fullering is marked d, e. The said grooves or
fullerings d, e, are of unequal depths, as represented, the countersinks or
depressions for the nail holes being made in the deeper groove d.
Figure 4 represents a horse-shoe made from the bar, Figure 3.
Instead of double grooves or fullerings treble grooves or fullerings may be
made in the bar of iron.
Figure 5 represents a cross section of a bar of iron to be made into a
horse-shoe in which no fullering is made on its face, the machine being made
in this case to form the inclination 6 for the seating on one side, and the
countersinks or depressions g for the nail holes on the other side of the bar.
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9. represent the machinery which I employ for shaping
the heated bars or moulds of iron to be afterwards bent into horse-shoes,
Figure 6 being a side elevation of the machine, Figure 7 a plan, and

page_text: Figure 8 an end elevation; Figure 9 is a separate view of the feeding
mechanism. The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 6, 7, 8,
and 9.
The said machinery consists of a pair of rolls h, i, to which a reciprocating
motion is given in the manner herein-after explained. The said rolls are
constructed to shape two bars simultaneously. The upper roll h has the
figure proper to form the groove or fullering a, and the countersinks or
depressions c on the upper side of the bar represented in Figure 1 and the
lower roll i has the figure proper to produce the inclination or seating b on;
the other side of the said bar, the ends of the bar on both sides being unacted,
upon by the rolls. I prefer to form the acting surfaces of the upper roll h for
producing the fullering and countersinks by means of removable flanges fixed
by screws in the sides of the roll; these flanges are marked h², h³, in.
Figures 7 and 8, and one of the said flanges is represented separately on a.
large scale in cross section and front elevation in Figure. 10. The lower.
edge of these flanges is shaped of a nearly V-figure, marked h*, corresponding
to the groove or fullering to be made in the bar, and the said lower edge is.
provided at the proper distances apart with projections or pegs k, which form,
the countersinks for the nail holes. Where the fullering is only required on
either end of the bar, the middle being.solid, a portion of the projecting edge.
of the flange is cut away, as represented at in Figure 11, so that the roll at
that part does not operate upon the iron. Where double or treble fullerings
are required in the bars the required number of projecting edges are made on.
the flanges h³, hs, of the roll h. Where fullerings are not required in the
bars, as represented in the section of a bar, Figure 5, projections or pegs,
similar to the pegs k only are made on the edge of the flange for forming the
countersinks for the nail holes. By building up the acting parts of the upper:
roll by means of flanges, as described and represented, great facility is
acquired for replacing the acting portions of the roll when worn, and also for
shaping the different kinds of bars by the same machine. The reciprocating
motion is communicated to the rolls h, i, by the double rack m, the teeth of
the upper rack gearing with the pinion n on the axis of the upper roll, and.
the teeth of the lower rack gearing with another pinion (not shown in the
Drawings) on the axis of the lower roll. By the reciprocating motion of the
rack m a reciprocating motion is given to the rolls h, i, the said rolls moving
in opposite directions. Motion is transmitted from the main shaft p to
the said rack m by the pinion 9 on the main shaft p gearing with the
toothed wheel r, the said toothed wheel r. giving motion to the crank.
:

page_text: pins and connecting rod t; u is the fly wheel, and v, w, are the fast and loose
pulleys.
The heated bars or moulds to be shaped by the machine are fed between
the rolls h, i, in the following manner :-In front of the rolls, and situated
nearly opposite the grooves in the rolls, is a table x (see Figure 7), on which
the-bars y, y, to be passed through the rolls. are placed... Working over the
said table is a feeder, consisting of an arm 2, connected with the slide 3. The
said slide 3 works in guides, and an advance motion is given to the said; slide,
and through it to the feeder 2 by a. cam 4 on the shaft 5. of the toothed
wheel r acting against the turned-up end 3 of the said slide 3 (see Figure 9)..
The opposite end of the slide 3: is; supported on the oscillating weighted: lever 6,
by which weighted lever the return motion. of the. feeder is: effected. The
feeder 2 carries two adjusting or set screws 10, which on the advance of the
feeder strike against and press forward. the heated bars or moulds of iron y, y,
between the rolls. In using the machinery the heated bars or moulds of
iron y, y, are placed upon the table x just before the. feeder 2, and rolls h, i,
make their advance motion. On the advance; of the feeder; 2 the bars or
moulds are pushed forward. and seized by and carried between the rolls, and
shaped, the said shaped bars being delivered at the side of the rolls opposite
to that at which they were introduced. The shaped bars, delivered, by the
rolls fall through an opening in the base of the, machine.. As soon as the
cam 4 ceases to act upon the slide 3 of the feeder the return, motion of the
said feeder is effected by the weighted lever 6. The bars shaped by the machine
while still hot are bent into. horse-shoes: in the ordinary way. The shaped bars
may be straightened, if necessary, by a press or otherwise. Instead of giving
a reciprocating motion to. the rolls the said rolls may have a continuous rotary
motion given to them.
When the rolls have a continuous.rotary motion I arrange the parts in the
manner represented in Figures 12, 13, and 14 of the Drawings, Figure 12
being an end elevation of the machine, Figure, 13 a side elevation, and
Figure 14 a plan; a, b, are the rolls, constructed in the manner described
with respect to the rolls h; i, of the machine, Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9. The
said rolls a, b, are geared together by the toothed wheels c, d, motion being
transmitted to the upper roll from the driving shaft e by the pinion f and
toothed wheel g; h is the slide for working the feeder, actuated by the cam i
situated on the shaft which drives, the upper roll. The action of the machine,
Figures 12, 18, and 14, is in all essential respects the same as that of the
machine, Figures. 6, 7, 8, and 9..

page_text: Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated in the
Drawings, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of
my Invention, but I claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the improvements herein-before described and represented in the
accompanying Drawings in preparing bars of iron to be afterwards bent into
horse-shoes, that is to say, forming on one side of the bar the groove or
grooves commonly called the fullering, and the countersinks or depressions
for the nail holes, or the countersinks or depressions only, and at the other
side of the bar the inclination to form the seating of the shoe, the said groove
or grooves and inclination terminating at a short distance from either end of
the bar, the shaping of the bar on both sides being effected simultaneously by
rolling machinery.
Secondly, the general arrangements or combinations of the parts of rolling
machinery to be used in preparing the said bars of iron herein-before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Symmons, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
JOHN SYMMONS.
L.S.)