IMPROVEMENTS IN 'BAKERS' AND OTHER OVENS, KITCHENERS, AND GAS COOKING STOVES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lamb Hancock, of 13, Cottrill Road, Dalston
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Domestic Appliance Manufacturer, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN 'BAKERS' AND OTHER OVENS, KITCHENERS,
AND GAS COOKING STOVES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lamb Hancock at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1881.
JAMES LAMB HANCOCK, of 13, Cottrill Road, Dalston Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Domestic Appliance Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BAKERS' AND
OTHER OVENS, KITCHENERS, AND GAS COOKING STOVES."
The object of this Invention is to construct or arrange the interior of "bakers"
and other ovens, kitcheners, and gas cooking stoves in such a manner as to produce
and maintain an equable temperature and a perfect distribution of heat within the
same to prevent one portion of the article or articles being baked from being burnt,
or otherwise acted upon at one part more than at another.
For the purpose of my Invention I make the shell of the oven of circular shape,
or nearly so, and fit a circular shelf or shelves therein, either on a central pivot or
on edge rails, so that it or they may be rotated therein.
If a series of shelves are used they are attached one to the other with sufficient
space between that a number of articles can be arranged upon them.
In the case of a baker's or like oven I form spaces in the shelves, and on the
bed directly under the spaces I arrange a fire basket, so that the heat may ascend
and become distributed between the shelves and also over them to heat the oven
equally as they rotate.
The bed of the oven is also in connection with the shelves, and rotates with
them by screw mechanism, or as found convenient.
In the case of the kitchener I arrange the bottom of the oven about level with
[Price Gd.]

page_text: the top of the fire basket, and I lead the draught into spaces or flues around the
oven proper, so as to heat the interior.
The lower part of the kitchener under the oven is provided with shelves or a
chamber, in which plates can be warmed.
The shelves in the oven proper are pivotted, and their rotation is effected by a
fan, jack, or other apparatus.
In the case of gas cooking stoves I use rotating shelves, which are carried by
top and bottom and side bar supports, and by three chains, which enable the shelves
to be adjusted as to distance apart, or to be removed on studs of the shelves being
drawn out from the links of the chains. The rotation of the shelves, bars, and
chains is effected from above by a jack, or by spring and wheel appliances from
below.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Lamb Hancock in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th May 1882.
JAMES LAMB HANCOCK, of 13, Cottrill Road, Dalston Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Domestic Appliances Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH
BAKERS AND OTHER OVENS, KITCHENERS, AND GAS COOKING STOVES."
The object of this Invention is to construct or arrange the interior of bakers or
other ovens, kitcheners, and gas cooking stoves in such a manner as to produce
and maintain an equable temperature and a perfect distribution of heat within the
same to prevent one portion of the article or articles being baked from being burnt
or otherwise acted upon at ono part more than at another.
The annexed Sheet of Drawings, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, clearly show my
Invention.
According to my construction of a baker's oven, Figure 1, I make the shell A
of the oven of circular shape, or nearly so, and I fit a circular shelf or a series of
shelves B, B, therein on a central pivot C and on edge rails D, D, so that it or they
may be rotated therein. If a series of shelves are used they are attached one to
the other by rods E, E, with sufficient space between that a number of articles can
be arranged upon them.
I arrange a fire basket so that the heat may ascend and become distributed
between the shelves B, B, and also over them to heat the oven equally. When
continuous baking is required in this oven I introduce gas burners, so as to keep
up the required heat. I thereby dispense with the necessity of reheating with the
fire basket,
The bed F of the oven is also in connection with the shelves, and rotate with
them by screw mechanism G turned by hand, or as found convenient.
In the case of the kitchener, Figure 2, I arrange the bottom F of the oven about
level with the top of the fire basket II, and I lead the draught into spaces or flues I
around the oven proper, so as to heat the interior J.
The lower part K of the kitchener under the oven is provided with shelves, or a
chamber in which plates can be warmed. The shelves in the oven proper are
pivotted, and their rotation is effected by clock work in a casing L, or by a fan,
jack, or other apparatus.
In the case of gas cooking stoves, Figures 3 and 4, I use rotating shelves B,
which are carried by top and bottom and side bar supports E, which may be so
arranged as to enable the shelves to be adjusted as to distance apart, or to be
removed as desired.
The rotation of the shelves B and bars E is effected from above by a jack, or by
spring and wheel appliances from below.
When gas is not available I use charcoal to heat the oven.
Volatile oil lamps may also be used when the oven is provided with a closed
bottom and jacket.
The clockwork is removeable, it being simply laid on the top with a socket
piece to take over a square top end of the pivot.
If no revolving of the shelves is necessary the clockwork will not be required,
the oven being then like an ordinary one.
The advantages of my Invention are manifest.
The food becomes cooked
equally all over, and to the same extent gravy is retained in meat, juice and liquor
is prevented boiling over from pie dishes, pastry is slowly heated, and equally
cooked and browned without being scorched or burned, the crust being kept light.
For bread baking purposes the dough is prevented becoming clammy, consequently
the bread is of easy digestion.

page_text: These ovens and cooking stoves require less attention than ordinary ones, and in
the case of existing forms of kitcheners ny oven can be set upon the top plate
after the cover is removed, so that the heat instead of going direct to the chimney
can be caused to pass through my apparatus, the ordinary oven being then used as
a plate warmer or to keep cooked food warm.
The gas cooking revolving interior stove may be in connection with a gas jet
system of framework for boiling vegetables and other articles, as in Figure 4.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,—
The Invention herein before described and substantially as shown in the annexed
Drawings, whereby an improved system of cooking food is produced by a continual
steady rotation of the interior of ovens and stoves (bakers, kitcheners, or gas), as
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Lamb Hancock, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of May, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
J. L. HANCOCK. (L.S.)