IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN MACHINES FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Alexander Fitton, of the Firm of F. A. Fitton
& Son, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Spindle and Flyer Maker,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN
MACHINES FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING,"
ealed the 2nd August 1878, and dated the 15th February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Alexander Fitton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th February 1878.
FREDERICK ALEXANDER FITTON, of the Firm of F. A. Fitton & Son, of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Spindle and Flyer Maker.. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN MACHINES FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND
DOUBLING."
The first part of my Invention consists in making the spindles of throstle,
spinning, and doubling frames with a conical shoulder between the screw at the
top of the spindle and the parallel part on which the bobbin fits. I also make a
corresponding conical recess in the lower part of the socket of the flyer, the upper
part being screwed as usual; by this means, when the flyer is screwed on, the flyer
legs are at all times equidistant from the spindle, whereas in the ordinary mode of
construction when the flat shoulder on which the flyer rests becomes worn the
flyer legs do not remain at equal distances from the spindle.
Another part of my Invention consists in making tube flyers used in roving and
other similar frames of a combination of wrought iron and steel. In performing
this part of my Invention I take a bar of round or other section of wrought iron
and submit it to the action of an ordinary steel converting furnace until the outside
is converted into steel, the flyers are then forged out of these bars and finished in
the ordinary manner; by this means flyers can be made with a fine hard surface
without being liable to break, the weight of the flyers can also be reduced as the
strength of the metal is increased.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frederick Alexander Fitton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th August 1878.
FREDERICK ALEXANDER FITTON, of the Firm of F. A. Fitton & Son, of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Spindle and Flyer Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN MACHINES FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND
DOUBLING."
The first part of my Invention consists in making the spindles of throstle,
spinning, and doubling frames with a conical shoulder between the screw at the
top of the spindle and the parallel part on which the bobbin fits. I also make a
corresponding conical recess in the lower part of the socket of the flyer, the upper
part being screwed as usual; by this means, when the flyer is screwed on, the flyer
legs are at all times equidistant from the spindle, whereas in the ordinary mode of
construction when the flat shoulder on which the flyer rests becomes worn the flyer
legs do not remain at equal distances from the spindle, and cause vibration when at
work.
Another part of my Invention consists in making tube flyers used in roving and
other similar frames of a combination of wrought iron and steel. In performing
this part of my Invention I take a bar of round- or other section of wrought iron
and submit it to the action of an ordinary steel converting furnace until the out-
side is converted into steel, the flyers are then forged out of these bars and finished
in the ordinary manner; by this means flyers can be made with a fine hard surface
without being liable to break, the weight of the flyers can also be reduced as the
strength of the metal is increased.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in
which-
Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section of the upper part of the spindle with the
flyer attached suitable for a jute, throstle, spinning, and doubling frame constructed
according to my improvements. The spindle a is screwed near the top as usual, but
between the screw and the enlarged part of the spindle I make the conical shoulder
a. The flyer b is screwed on the spindle as usual, but it is provided with a conical
recess b¹, fitting on the shoulder a'; by this means, when the flyer is screwed on the
spindle, the conical recess in the socket of the flyer binds on the conical shoulder of
the spindle, and keeps the flyer legs parallel to and equidistant from the spindle,
whereas when the socket of the flyer was screwed against a flat shoulder on the spindle
the flyer legs were liable to get out of truth when the socket and shoulder became worn
Fig. 2 represents part of a spindle and flyer suitable for flax, throstle, spinning,
and doubling frames, the conical socket of the flyer fitting on the conical shoulder
of the spindle; this improved mode of connecting the flyer to the spindle is also
applicable to throstle spinning and doubling frames for cotton and other fibrous
materials.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section; and Fig. 4, a plan of a bar of iron partly con-
verted into steel to be used in making tube flyers for roving and other similar
frames. In performing this part of my Invention I take a bar of round or other
section of wrought iron, as shewn in Fig. 3, and submit it to the action of an
ordinary steel converting furnace until the outside is converted into steel, while
the inside remains iron, the flyers are then forged out of these bars and finished
in the ordinary manner, by this means flyers can be made with a fine hard
surface without being liable to break, the weight of the flyers can also be
reduced as the strength of the metal is increased.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First. The conical shoulder on the spindle and the conical recess in the socket of
the flyer, as shewn and described.

page_text: And, Secondly. Making flyers from bars of iron, the outer surface of which is
converted into steel in the manner and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Alexander Fitton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-eight.
F. A. FITTON. (L.S.)