matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED OPTICAL APPARATUS FOR MULTIPLYING DESIGNS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Beverley Fenby at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1882.
JOSEPH BEVERLEY FENBY of the Parish of Sutton Coldfield in the County of
Warwick, Civil Engineer. "AN IMPROVED OPTICAL APPARATUS FOR MULTIPLYING
DESIGNS."
This apparatus consists of one or more pairs of mirrors. The two mirrors
composing any given pair are placed at an angle to each other, such angle being an
aliquot division of a circle. If pentagonal designs are to be formed the angle
embraced by the mirrors must be 72°, and so on in proportion for any other polygon.
In a plane at right angles to the mirrors the objects intended to form the designs
are caused to move on a travelling band, or on rotating discs. The results are
constantly changing designs. A number of rotating discs may be mounted on
one large disc or turntable and be carried round by means of clockwork or other
motive power. By causing the mirrors to move the effects may be obtained with
stationary objects.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMP CARBONS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hammond and Lazar
Goldenberg at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th
September 1882.
ROBERT HAMMOND, and LAZAR GOLDENBERG, both of 110 Cannon Street, in
the City of London, Electrical Engineers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMP
CARBONS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
"
Our invention relates to a novel construction of carbons or pencils for electric arc
lamps, and to the method of manufacture thereof. It is designed to produce a
more economical carbon than hitherto, and one which shall possess some amount of
flexibility.
Our carbons are composed of plumbago or other carbon, reduced to a fine powder
and intimately mixed with the powder of another substance or other substances,
which must be fusible by the heat of the electrical arc. The mixture is packed by
any convenient means in a suitable tube, to form the pencil or "carbon" and its
partial fusibility bakes the points under the influence of the arc, and prevents the
powder falling away. In the manufacture of the carbon pencil, we find it
convenient to form the tubes with a conical hole at the lower end, plugged by a
solid piece of carbon. This allows of solid packing and brings the pencils into
immediate action. Alternatively however we may harden the point of the pencil
itself by heat.
To firmly pack the tubes, we place them between two grooved plates, both tubes
and plates, being perforated, if required, to permit the escape of any gases. These
plates are firmly clamped together, so as to offer a rigid support to the tubes for
ramming. We place series of tubes, so arranged, in any convenient press, and ram
the powdered mixture into the tubes.
Preferably, however, we construct a special press, in which the tubes are placed
empty, but plugged as aforesaid, or against a suitable stop on the press, when the
point is to be subsequently baked, and supported by similar plates or dies. The
filling and ramming portion of the press is constructed as a hopper carrying a
supply of the mixture. To the under side of this hopper are fixed hollow mandrils
or raminers, through which the mixture is supplied to the tubes, and which are
closed by suitable screw plugs when the charge has been fed to the tubes, to ram it
well and firmly in, being actuated by any suitable mechanical or hydraulic press,
driving down the hopper and rammers. The capacity of these mandrils or rammers
may be proportioned to give a suitable charge to the tubes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OMNIBUSES AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Solomon Andrews at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October 1882.
SOLOMON ANDREWS of Cardiff in the County of Glamorgan “IMPROVEMENTS IN
OMNIBUSES AND OTHER CARRIAGES."
* This invention has for its principal object an omnibus which will run with
greater ease and comfort than those now in use.
For this purpose I give it six or more wheels, and have these wheels on 2 or
more different gauges; I will describe my invention as constructed with six
wheels.
The front and hind pair are preferably arranged to follow the same track and
preferably of smaller gauge than the central pair. The central pair are made of
much larger size, and can be constructed to carry most of the load or not
according as the springs are screwed up or otherwise. These springs are pre-
ferably composite that is to say a steel bow spring with india rubber buffing
springs at each end carrying said bow spring. The springs can be placed on
both sides of these large wheels or only on the in or outer side as most convenient.
The axles of these larger wheels are short and fixed to the frame or in rare cases
to the under carriage, or could if desirable pass either straight across or in &
cranked form under the omnibus.
If the omnibus be worked by steam or other power I prefer to couple the power
to the large driving wheels or their axle directly or by multiplying gear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Fred Mallinson Sykes and James
Hinchliffe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st October
1882.
FRED MALLINSON SYKES, Mill Manager and JAMES HINCHLIFFE Designer both
of Holmfirth in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This invention relates to the lags and pegs employed in connection with jacquards
and consists of an improved construction of peg, an improved lag and device for
holding or securing the pegs in the lags.
Pegs for purpose aforesaid constructed according to this our said Invention are
of length sufficient for one part or end to act on the cards, its other end being
passed through the lag; on the peg is a flange or shoulder which rests upon the
upper surface of the lag (or the flange or shoulder is received within a groove or
recess formed in or along the upper surface of the lag), the other or lower portion
of the peg and which is passed through the lag is provided with an eye or hole, and
a groove is cut longitudinally along the under surface of the lag-A holding pin or
wire is passed along the groove last referred to and through the hole or eye
formed in the shank or lower portion of the pins holding the whole securely in
position.
The pins may be removed on withdrawal of the holding wire and inserted and
secured in other positions as required by the pattern being woven.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1882. A communication
from abroad by Cretenet Vital, of Paris, France,
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS
a communication from abroad by Cretenet Vital, of Paris, France,
This invention has for its object to ventilate high hats more effectually than
with the methods hitherto used. It consists in providing the lower edge of the
inner surface with a border which forms an inward projecting flange wider in
front and at the back than on the sides, and in perforating this flange with a
number of holes, thereby establishing communication between the inside of the hat
and the atmosphere. The border or flange may be formed by a double lining, and
it may be made of leather, cardboard, or other suitable material.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FASTENINGS APPLICABLE TO BOOTS SHOES GLOVES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF DRESS UMBRELLAS PARASOLS AND OTHER PURPOSES WHERE THE ENDS OF A CORD REQUIRE TO BE SECURED
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John White Saunders at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th March 1882.
JOHN WHITE SAUNDERS of Stourbridge in the County of Worcester " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FASTENINGS APPLICABLE TO BOOTS SHOES GLOVES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF
DRESS UMBRELLAS PARASOLS AND OTHER PURPOSES WHERE THE ENDS OF A CORD
REQUIRE TO BE SECURED
"
This Invention relates first to improvements in fastenings applicable to boots
shoes gloves and other articles of dress umbrellas parasols tents and other purposes
where the end or ends of a cord require to be secured
The first part of my improvements consists in the application of a spring clip
which is fixed to articles of the above description of sufficient strength to secure
and retain the end or ends of a cord or cords which act as fastenings to such
articles
For this purpose in the application of my improved fastening to gloves one or
more spring clips constructed in accordance with my improvements is or are
attached either by clenching sewing or otherwise to one side of the opening to a
glove loops eyelet holes or cords on the opposite side being passed or drawn under
the spring clips so as to be secured thereby
Or the opening of the glove may be laced up by a cord the end being secured by
the spring clip. By this means the end of the lace or cord can be firmly secured
when the glove is laced up and can be readily disengaged by passing it from under
the clip
The cord lace or tape must be of sufficient substance in all cases to fill and be
retained by the spring clip.
Over the spring clip any suitable ornamental design may be placed or may form
part of same.
When the gloves are not laced up one eyelet hook or loop is formed in the glove
through which the cord is passed to draw the glove into place and then round the
spring clip
In the application of my improved fastner to boots and shoes in place of tying a
bow or knot I pass the lace under a spring clip by which the end of the lace
is firmly secured and can be readily disengaged by slipping it from under the
spring clip.

page_text: The fixing of the spring clip fastner to a boot or shoe may be the same as
previously described with reference to gloves
My improved spring clips may be applied as fasteners to umbrellas parasols scarf
and neck ties stays dress holders and dress fastenings in general and in all cases
where the end of a cord (or cords) has to be retained and held secure
According to another part of my improvements I bind the lace cord or tape
(which is to be employed for lacing up boots shoes or other articles of dress or for
other purposes where the ends require to be tied or fastened and readily undone or
released) with brass or other metal wire by which means when the ends are tied
together in a bow or knot they will not slip or come untied until released by the
user the wire also serves to protect a cord lace or tape from wear when used in
combination with my improved spring clip fastening
IMPROVEMENTS IN METAL PUNCHES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1882. A communication
to him from abroad by Edmund Alton Bailey George Washington Constantine
Thomas Walter Fowler and Friend William Smith all of the city of
Washington in the District of Columbia in the United States of America.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of the firm of WP Thompson & Boult Agents for
Foreign Patent Solicitors of 323 High Holborn in the county of Middlesex and
6 Lord Street Liverpool in the county of Lancaster Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN
METAL PUNCHES a communication to me from abroad by Edmund Alton Bailey,
George Washington Constantine, Thomas Walter Fowler, and Friend William
Smith all of the city of Washington in the District of Columbia in the United
States of America.
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the con-
struction and configuration of metal-punches, whereby a punch is provided which
is durable and which will punch a hole with a smooth interior with parallel sides
with the minimum of power, which punch may be easily and economically
constructed with ordinary tools.
This improved punch in operation will make a clean cut or puncture in the
heaviest boiler iron by performing a uniform shearing cut nearly its entire depth
as the tool is forced or driven into the iron. It will not injure or displace the
fibers of the metal in proximity to the perforation and to this end the invention
consists in a punch which is provided with a base of less lateral diameter but of
the same longitudinal diameter as the body of the punch and provided with
concave cutting edges which extend from the base upwardly
The invention also consists in a punch provided with a flat central base of less
lateral than longitudinal diameter with parallel edges, said base being provided
with a centering-point and curved cutting-edges extending upwardly from
said base
IMPROVE- MENTS IN OR RELATING TO INCANDESCING ELECTRIC LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas John Handford of 42 Southampton Buildings
in the County of Middlesex Patent Agent for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OR RELATING TO INCANDESCING ELECTRIC LAMPS" Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Cornelius Ackerman Van Cleve, of the Village
of Metuchen in the County of Middlesex and State of New Jersey United
States of America
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas John Handford at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th July 1882.
THOMAS JOHN HANDFORD of 42 Southampton Buildings in the County of
Middlesex Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO INCANDESCING
ELECTRIC LAMPS " A communication to me from abroad by Cornelius Ackerman
Van Cleve of the Village of Metuchen, in the county of Middlesex, and State of
New Jersey United States of America
In incandescing electric lamps, wherein a carbon filament is enclosed in a
hermetically sealed exhausted glass globe or chamber it has been found that there
is still more or less. aqueous vapor contained within the lamp after the globe has
been exhausted and sealed from connection with the pump. This vapor is not
wholly removed by the drying agent used in connection with the pump during the
process of exhaustion, but remains within the lamp and has a deleterious effect
upon the carbon filament. The object therefore of this invention is to remove this
vapor from active relation with the carbon filament; and this is accomplished by
sealing within, or in connection with the interior of the lamp globe a compound
capable of absorbing aqueous vapor such as phosphorus anhydride, which is
preferred for the purpose. Chloride of calcium, phosphorus pentachloride, or
ID 71

page_text: bromine pentachloride may however be used or any other suitable drying
compound.
This drying compound may be sealed within the lamp permanently being
enclosed in the base, or in a tube attached to the central carbon supporting tube
of the lamp or in any other convenient position, or the drying compound may be
contained in a tube projecting from the top or side or any other part of the lamp,
and be allowed to remain in connection with the lamp for a considerable time,
when it may be removed by sealing off the tube.
OF WIRE FENCES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Edward Vaughan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1882. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by César Ernest Lesur, of Paris, in the Republic of
France.
OF WIRE FENCES.
"
GEORGE EDWARD VAUGHAN, of 67, Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
A communication to me from abroad by César Ernest Lesur, of Paris, in the
Republic of France.
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of wire fences,
especially designed for the enclosure of spaces provided for ground game or cattle.
The framework of the improved fence is composed of a series of triangles
constructed of iron or wooden bars which are imbedded in the earth to form the
basis of each supporting post. One of the branches of each triangle is prolonged
above the apex to a distance varying from two to six or more feet according to
requirements so as, when in position, to overhang the enclosure at an angle of 45°.
The inner faces of these overhanging bars are provided with holes or staples
through which are run any desired number of horizontal wires secured from space
to space by cotters or keys, thus forming a continuous fence, the inward inclination
of which prevents escape by leaping of the animals confined in the enclosure, while
the triangular base prevents displacement of the structure by direct pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DUST-COLLECTING FLUES OR CHAMBERS, CHIEFLY APPLICABLE FOR COLLECTING SOLID PARTICLES SUSPENDED IN THE GASEOUS PRODUCTS OF METALLURGICAL AND CHEMICAL WORKS.
Year: 1882

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN DUST-COLLECTING FLUES OR CHAMBERS,
CHIEFLY APPLICABLE FOR COLLECTING SOLID PARTICLES SUSPENDED IN THE
GASEOUS PRODUCTS OF METALLURGICAL AND CHEMICAL WORKS.
A com-
munication to him from abroad by the Mechernicher Bergwerks-Actien-
Verein, of Mechernich, Rhenish Prussia
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN DUST-
COLLECTING FLUES OR CHAMBERS, CHIEFLY APPLICABLE FOR COLLECTING SOLID
PARTICLES SUSPENDED IN THE GASEOUS PRODUCTS OF METALLURGICAL AND
CHEMICAL WORKS," a communication to me from abroad by the Mechernicher
Bergwerks-Actien-Verein, of Mechernich, Rhenish Prussia,
The flying dust contained in the gaseous products of metallurgical works sinks
very slowing during its passage through the flues, so that with the ordinary con-
struction of flues a great portion of the dust does not reach the floor before its
arrival at the chimney, and is consequently carried away with the gases of
combustion.
In order to increase the deposition of solid particles in the flues I provide the
flue or chamber with one or more vertical series of plates placed approximately
horizontal or parallel with the direction of the draught, so as to divide the flue
into several shallow chaunels separated from each other by plates of sheet metal,
on which the dust is deposited. The plates may be fixed or movable and at any
suitable distance from each other, but preferably further apart near the bottom of
the flue than near the top.
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ERASING KNIVES, PAPER KNIVES, AND OTHER SIMILAR DESK KNIVES, BUTTON HOOKS, STILETTOS AND CROCHET HOOKS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Henry Wood at the Office
"
*IMPROVEMENTS
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1882.
CHARLES HENRY WOOD of Sheffield in the County of York.
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ERASING KNIVES, PAPER KNIVES, AND OTHER SIMILAR
DESK KNIVES, BUTTON HOOKS, STILETTOS AND CROCHET HOOKS."
My Invention relates to the manufacture of erasing knives and other similar
knives known under the general term of desk knives, button hooks, stilettos, and
crochet hooks and more particularly to the handles of the said knives and other
imploments as above named, the objects being to reduce the cost of manufacture,
and to improve and give novelty to the appearance of the said implements.
In the application of my Invention to an erasing knife for example, the handles
of which have hitherto been always of wood, bone, ivory, or other similar substance,
which have to be cut out of the rough material of which they are made and have
to be bored or otherwise prepared to admit the tang of the blade which is then
secured by rivetting, or by resin.
I make the blade preferably with a short tang and cast thereon a metallic
handle of any suitable metal, and by preference of a skeleton form, that is having
an open space through the centre for the purpose of saving metal and also
to reduce the weight of the article, and which may be finished in various known
ways.
When it is desirable to combine a pen blade with the eraser I form a recess in
the end of the handle to receive the butt of the blade which is pinned through in
the opposite way to ordinary blades, and so that it opens and closes on the flat
sides instead of edgewise-a suitable spring secured to a cross support which is
formed at the time of casting the handle on the blade holds the blade either open
or shut.
The handle so formed may be finished in any suitable way, such as plated with
silver or nickel, or in the case of a paper knife, if the blade is made of steel or
similar metal, or silver-plated, the handle may be made of brass or other metal, or
electro bronzed as a contrast to the blade, thus giving a handsome appearance to
the finished article.
Desk knives made according to my Invention will be much more durable than
those made on the existing methods.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF, AND APPARATUS FOR, 66 PREVENTING THE DEPOSIT OF SAND, MUD OR THE LIKE, IN RIVERS OR OTHER PLACES WHEREIN IT IS DESIRED TO MAINTAIN THE DEPTH OF WATER.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1882. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Henry Edward Hargreaves of Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil, Civil Engineer.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake and C° Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, AN IMPROVED METHOD OF, AND APPARATUS FOR,
66
PREVENTING THE DEPOSIT OF SAND, MUD OR THE LIKE, IN RIVERS OR OTHER
PLACES WHEREIN IT IS DESIRED TO MAINTAIN THE DEPTH OF WATER.
"
A communication to him from abroad by Henry Edward Hargreaves of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, Civil Engineer,
This invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for preventing
the deposit of sand, mud, or the like in a channel across a bar or shoal at the mouth
of a river, or in other places wherein it is desired to maintain a given depth
of water
According to the said invention one or more pipes or tubes are laid at the depth
required to be maintained These tubes are perforated so that water can be caused
to issue therefrom in a number of jets the action of which will keep the sand or
mud from depositing within the range of action of the said jets
These tubes are connected by a main pipe or pipes to suitable machinery or
apparatus for forcing water which will keep the jets at the required pressure.
In dealing with a bar, shoal or the like of sand, mud, or other loose soil the
section and depth required are first obtained by dredging or other means according
to circumstances and the pipes are then laid with the apertures for the jets turned
upwards-These pipes are connected by a main pipe or pipes with an accumulator
pump or reservoir from which a suitable head of water may be obtained
By the action of the aforesaid jets of water no sand, mud, or like material can be
deposited by any natural action, therefore the application of water under pressure
in the manner above described at the required depth in any channel will keep it
always open for navigation
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th September 1882. A communi-
cation to me from abroad by François Régis Pierre Joseph Duvernay, of Cluny,
France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LUBRICATORS," a communication to me from abroad by François Régis Pierre
Joseph Duvernay, of Cluny, France.
This invention relates to lubricators for machinery and consists chiefly in con-
structing such lubricators of a vertical glass cylinder held at top, and top and bottom
by a flanged disc of metal or other suitable material, and provided with a central screw,
which is screwed with its lower end into a boss of the lower holder and penetrates
through the upper disc or cover, so as to hold the latter tight against the top of
the glass cylinder, between which and the said holding discs suitable packing discs
are inserted. The central boss of the lower holder, which projects upward into
the cylinder is perforated from top to bottom for the escape of oil, for which
purpose the lower portion of the screw spindle is also provided with a small
longitudinal groove gradually widened towards the bottom. The top of the central
spindle is enlarged and also provided with a screw thread to which a movable
cap forms a nut. The upper disc or cover of the cylinder has two perforations,
one for supplying oil and the other for the escape of air, and the movable cap has
also a perforation corresponding to the oil inlet of the upper disc.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WORKING RAILWAY POINT AND SIGNAL LEVERS AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Stroudley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1882.
WILLIAM STROUDLEY of Brighton in the County of Sussex Locomotive and
Carriage Superintendent to the London Brighton and South Coast Railway Company
London Bridge "IMPROVEMENTS IN WORKING RAILWAY POINT AND SIGNAL LEVERS
AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
"
This Invention relates to a peculiar method of working railway point and signal
levers whereby the whole of the heavy labour now done by the signalmen in
shifting the points or signals is performed by compressed air I accomplish this
without interfering with the present arrangement of signal levers the compressed
air being used for moving the point or signal lever in one direction and a balance
weight spring or other equivalent for moving it in the other direction. The
signalman having simply to guide the lever he is consequently better able to perform
the duties required of him
In carrying out my invention I employ a cylinder fitted with a piston the rod of
which is attached to the point lever or to one of the cranks so as to operate in the
one direction the movement in the opposite direction being effected by a spring
balance weight or otherwise as hereinbefore mentioned.
Thus
In connection with the bottom of the cylinder are two small valves operated by
a valve lever which is moved in one direction by a balance weight or spring and in
the other direction by the foot of the signalman or other convenient means.
when the signalman requires to bring the point or signal lever over he has only to
place his foot upon a treadle thereby lifting the valve lever and opening a valve
which admits the compressed air under the piston in the cylinder from a pipe or
reservoir. On removing his foot from the treadle the valve lever descends again
and the inlet valve closes whilst the weight of the lever operating on the outlet
valve opens the same and allows the air to escape from under the piston the
apparatus being then in a condition to make another movement if necessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF AN INDELIBLE INK FOR PRINTING STAMPING AND WRITING,
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Dr. Wilhelm Reissig at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th February 1882.
DR. WILHELM REISSIG of Munich in the kingdom of Bavaria (Empire of
Germany) IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF AN INDELIBLE INK FOR
PRINTING STAMPING AND WRITING,
The common printers ink, composed of linseed oil, varnish and lamp black, and
the stamping-dye made from it, by diluting it with boiled linseed oil can be removed
only with difficulty from the places printed, but still it is possible to do so, when
the marking is defective.
In the use of said inks this fact is of the utmost consequence, especially in
cancelling revenue, postage or other stamps, which are cancelled by stamping
them with ink, in all such cases, the highest degree of indelibility is very
desirable.
To attain this end I incorporate with the said inks the following peroxydes and
protoxydes of iron, and metallic iron in a fine state of division or in solution.
As peroxyde salts are converted by atmospheric air into basic combinations while
the metal and the protoxydes are oxidized the said salts produce a combination of
both kinds of matter in direct contact with the cellulose and the sixing of the paper
which, as experience has shown, may still be discovered, even after the ink has been
entirely removed.
The best composition for black printers ink consists of boiled linseed oil-varnish
16 parts. Finest lamp black 6 parts-Perchloride of iron 2-5 parts. Diluted with
about the eighth part (of the whole quantity) of boiled linseed oil-varnish the best
stamping ink is obtained.
Both kinds of ink, however can only be used with india-rubber stamps, as stamps
made of metal would soon be corroded.
In order to correct this inconvenience and to allow the printing from metal I
dissolve the above mentioned quantity of perchloride of iron in alcohol and, adding
for the reduction of the perchloride of iron a surplus quantity of metallic iron in
powder, I mix the quickly drying protochloride with the aforesaid printing-ink or
with the stamp dye.

page_text: In lieu of the perchloride of iron, nitrate of iron, sulphate of iron, or oxalate of
iron, may be used. Of protoxydes the following may be employed. Protochloride
of iron (made expressly) protosulphate of iron. Desiccated sulphate of iron, finely
powdered or all these salts triturated with alcohol, with an addition, if preferred
of metallic iron in powder.
From the ink described above, I manufacture writing-ink, with or without the
addition of gum or similar substances, by diluting with petroleum, a solution of
soap, spirit of turpentine or other suitable substances, mixing them with water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR AËRIAL NAVIGATION
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1882.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of the firm of W. P. Thompson & Boult, Agents for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex and
6 Lord Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR AËRIAL NAVIGATION" Communicated to him from abroad by
Adolph Werner of Madgeburg, German Empire.
The improved apparatus for aërial navigation to which this invention relates may
be constructed as follows
On a suitable board or plate are fixed, by straps with strong springs at their
ends, balloons filled with hydrogen gas or the like and capable of expansion
Bomewhat like bellows:
On the underside of the said board are mounted, in suitable brackets, shafts
which carry a suitable number of propellers. The propellers consist of discs
mounted on wire rods which are inserted in the sleeves on the shafts; all the discs
on one shaft are connected with one another by wires and the end of these wires
on one side is attached to a spring, on the other to a sliding sleeve so that the
angle formed by the propeller discs can be altered by adjusting the sliding sleeve.
The propeller shafts receive motion from a motor placed as hereinafter mentioned
with which they are connected by belts
From the board or plate which carries the balloon a boat of semicircular section
is suspended and on the flat top of the same is placed the motor engine. Within
the boat is placed a carriage running on a suitable track and its position will serve
to raise or lower the front of the whole of the structure and thus cause the whole
to rise or descend. From the boat is suspended a weight which imparts steadiness
to the machine The rear end of the top part of the apparatus is provided with a
rudder The front of the upper part of the apparatus terminates in a light frame
of metal covered with cloth somewhat resembling a ship's bow so as to offer but
little resistance to the atmosphere.
At the sides wings consisting of cloth covered metal frames are provided and
serve as a kind of parachute when necessary. Additional propeller-shafts may be
mounted at the top of the balloons if desirable

page_text: The various parts at the top of this apparatus are controlled by cords from the
boat and a rope ladder may serve to establish communication between the two
parts.
The balloons at the top are of comparatively small capacity and of suitable
shape
Another form of this apparatus consists of two boards carrying semicylindricall
balloons and hinged together; the motor engine in the boat imparts a motion to
these two boards similar to that of a bird's wings. The propeller arrangement can
in this case be dispensed with.
The arrangement of the parts may also be modified in various ways so as to
adapt the apparatus say for military purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RING SPINNING SUITABLE FOR COTTON, WOOL AND OTHER YARNS AND FOR WINDING FROM RING FRAME BOBBINS OR TUBES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Clarke at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th September 1882.
EDWARD CLARKE of Todmorden in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RING SPINNING SUITABLE FOR COTTON, WOOL AND
OTHER YARNS AND FOR WINDING FROM RING FRAME BOBBINS OR TUBES."
These improvements relate to the traveller used in ring spinning and their object
is by maintaining a uniform tension upon the yarn to wind the same upon a spindle
tube or bobbin sufficiently hard to enable me to spin weft or twist on a bare spindle
or tube or upon a bobbin.
In performing my invention I employ a steel wire having one or more loops in
its length connected to the top of the traveller in such a manner as to be capable
of turning on a pivot therein and so as to extend about half way across the ring.
I twist the yarn once or twice round this wire and then pass the same through the
loop at its extremity and in case of only one loop being employed I first pass the
yarn underneath the traveller before twisting it round the wire and thus I reduce
the strain upon the yarn between the traveller and the spindle, tube, or bobbin and
am enabled to increase or decrease the drag according to the counts being spun.
In practice I find it possible with this arrangement to spin a very hard cop tube
or bobbin and at a reduction of at least a third in diameter beyond what has
hitherto been practicable.
A further improvement relates to an arrangement of machinery for whipping the
bottom of the cop when built on the bare spindle on ring spinning frames and
consists of a lever whereby I disconnect the drawing roller motion from the tin
roller and then by hand am enabled to reverse the motion of such tin roller
sufficiently to unwind a quantity of yarn to performe the whipping operation.
These improvements further relate to improvements in winding frames for
winding yarn from ring frame bobbins or tubes and consist of a bottom rail
provided with pegs to receive the bobbins or tubes and a division plate between
each peg. Hooks also project from the frame immediately over the central axes of
each bobbin round which hooks the yarns are wrapped two or three times according
to the tension required on their way to the warping bobbins. I am thus enabled
to impart extra twist to the yarn and to wind a hard warp bobbin.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLE STOPPERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John James Varley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th November 1882.
JOHN JAMES VARLEY, of Brixton, in the county of Surrey, Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLE STOPPERS
"
This invention relates to the construction of an improved expansible stopper
suitable for stoppering bottles of ordinary construction.
In carrying out my invention I employ a body of lionite, ebonite, glass,
porcelain, metal or other suitable material the said body being formed with a
flange or projecting rim at the bottom and with a head at the top. Over the
flange or rim of the body I pass an india rubber flanged cap so constructed that
when the stopper is pressed into and held in the mouth of a bottle by any suitable
means such as by means of a clip, bail or the like, the india rubber cap will be
expanded in such a manner as to form a tight joint.
THE UTILIZATION OF VARIOUS GUMS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR GUTTA PERCHA AND INDIA RUBBER FOR INSULATING AND OTHER PURPOSES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Edward Tenison Woods at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1882.
JOHN EDWARD TENISON WOODS of 19 South Grove Peckham Rye in the County
of Surrey Electrical and Civil Engineer THE UTILIZATION OF VARIOUS GUMS
AS SUBSTITUTES FOR GUTTA PERCHA AND INDIA RUBBER FOR INSULATING AND
OTHER PURPOSES.
My Invention consists in the Utilization and purification of various natural
Gums hitherto not used in commerce so as to render them suitable as substitutes
for Gutta Percha and India Rubber for electrical insulating and other purposes to
which the last named substances are generally applied. The juices of the barks of
the Gutta Shea Tree or Tallow Tree and several descriptions of climbing tropical
plants yield Gums more or less resembling Gutta Percha and India Rubber but these
Gums are contaminated with resinous substances partly due to oxydation which
renders them brittle when cold and easily softened by heat These Gums have
occasionally been sent into the Market but on account of their impurities could
not be used for the purposes claimed in this Invention.
These hitherto unused Gums I "masticate" with water in the Machines generally
used for cleansing Gutta Percha so as to free them from Mechanical impurities,
I then subject them to a second mastication in a close Masticator Machine with
mythelated Alcohol Ether Chloride of Carbon or Bisulphide of Carbon or other
suitable solvent according to the nature of the resinous impurities of the Gums
under treatment. The solvent or solvents with the resins held in solution are then
run off into closed Vessels and redistilled thus recovering the solvents for further
use and obtaining the resins The purified Gums remaining in the Masticator
Machine are well washed and are fit for use for all the purposes to which India
Rubber and Gutta Percha are at present applied The Gums so purified are found to
have great tenacity and very high dielectrical properties and are admirably adapted
for insulating telegraph wires
I also claim the combination of the purified Gutta Shea and the other new Gums
with fatty hydro carbons such as parafine Ozokerite and other kindred substances

page_text: also with sulphur or sulphur compounds to produce substances of very high
insulating properties and of varying degrees of hardness according to the
proportions used Also the combination of these new Gums with each other or with
India Rubber or Gutta Percha for all the purposes to which Gutta Percha or India
Rubber are at present applied but especially for insulating submarine and other
Telegraph or Telephone Wires to be used for electrical purposes for which they are
found to be admirably adapted being in many properties superior to Gutta Percha
or India Rubber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest Charles Sutcliffe at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1882:
ERNEST CHARLES SUTCLIFFE, Foreman Brass Founder and Finisher in employ
of Messrs. Wright Sutcliffe and Son, Brass Founders Finishers and Sanitary
Engineers, Halifax, in the county of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS."
This Invention relates to improvements in Water Cocks, Taps or an injector
specially adapted for the supply of hot water to sinks baths or lavatories, thereby
dispensing with copper cylinders and cisterns which are extensively used in the
fitting up of such, viz :-Baths, Lavatories, Sinks, &c. with hot and cold water.
My improvements firstly consist in constructing a single bodied tap its offices
are. That when the spindle is turned having four water ways, two valves, and
one check valve. The four water ways I describe thus:-One fed from the towns
pressure, one to the boiler conveying cold water from the main or towns pressure
and one from the boiler conveying hot water to baths, lavatories, or sinks &c.
without any strain or pressure being put upon the boiler.
Secondly. In having three seatings in one barrel or body of tap, viz :-one seat
to shut off the cold water or towns pressure from the boiler. Second seat is so
constructed as to prevent any hot water flowing out of the nose of the said
tap when any other tap or taps is being opened or used in any other part of a
building.
Thirdly. In the improvement of a seat which is screwed or cast in the barrel or
body of tap between the two seats before mentioned so that no lack of cold water
pressure will be wanting to expedite or force the hot water to any part of a
building where taps are fixed.
Fourthly. Another construction is a loose or fast valve having two faces so that
when the bottom valve opens for cold water the middle valve is closed by the
towns pressure, which forces the said valve with its upper face against the middle
seat in barrel or body so as to prevent the cold water from mixing with the hot
water when in operation.
Fifthly. My improvement consists of a round way plug tap answering the same
purpose as the one before described, that when the handle or lever of this plug tap
is turned half way the cold water is sent or forced to the boiler and thereby causes
the hot water to leave the boiler to return and flow from the nose of the same tap.
I also apply a spring to the top of the plug, a cap screw is secured to the body in
order to secure the spring, the latter retains the plug in proper position.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE WASTE OF WATER FROM LAVATORIES AND BATHS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Ingram at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1882.
MATTHEW INGRAM of Manchester in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE WASTE OF WATER FROM LAVATORIES AND
BATHS."
The objects of my improvements are to dispense with the necessity for overflow
pipes for lavatories and baths, and to avoid the waste and injury caused by taps
being left turned on.
To effect this I make use of a three-way tap connected to the water supply pipe
and also to a pipe leading to a receiver which will contain as much water as is
needed to fill the bowl or bath into which the tap will deliver the water when
turned on. When the tap is turned off it allows the water to pass from the supply
pipe to the receiver which is quickly filled; when the tap is turned on the supply
pipe is closed and the water contained in the receiver is allowed to run through
the tap, into the bowl or bath which is thus sufficiently filled and no moro water
can run from the tap until it has been turned off long enough to allow the receiver
to be filled or partly filled and again turned on. No waste or injury can thus
arise if the water be left running as the receiver will not contain sufficient water
to cause an overflow.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING SHEETS, PANES GLOBES AND OTHER ARTICLES MADE OF GLASS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Joseph Bishop at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1882.
CHARLES JOSEPH BISHOP of St Helens in the county of Lancaster, Glass
Manufacturer "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING SHEETS, PANES
GLOBES AND OTHER ARTICLES MADE OF GLASS
"
The object of this invention is to provide means whereby objects of glass of
whatever shape may be quickly readily and easily ornamented with a device of any
pattern either cut into the glass or left standing in relief on the surface
It consists in the use in combination of a pro-cess of printing similar to that in
use in the manufacture of pottery and frosting by means of a sand blast as
hereinafter more particularly described
I make a resisting body or ink suitable for ny purpose-that is one that will
resist for a required length of time the action of a blast of sand against its surface
without allowing the sand to penetrate to the substance underneath.-This body
or ink consists by preference of a mixture of glue glycerine, flour and yellow ochre
With this ink I print on specially prepared tissue paper or other suitable paper
from a copper, wood, stone or other plate the design which I wish displayed on
the glass. I then transfer the design so obtained to the article which I wish to
ornament allowing the ink or resisting body above described to come in contact
with and adhere to the surface of the article or in a manner similar to that adopted
by pottery printers
Having allowed the resisting ink sufficient time to set hard I expose the surface
of the article to the action of fine grains of sand or other abrasive material in a
blast of air steam or other suitable gas or fluid in a machine properly constructed
for the purpose. I either leave the paper on which the pattern in the resisting ink
was printed adhering to the glass to be cut away by the action of the sand upon it
or remove it before proceeding with the second part of my process by damping on
the back and pulling it off. This is however only a matter of arrangement and
convenience at the time of operation
On washing off the ink after subjection to the operation of the sand blast it will
be found that those parts which have been covered by it are bright while the
remaining surface of the article is frosted and in this manner ornamental effects
of the most elaborate description may be produced

page_text: As it is only those parts of the surface of the glass which are covered by the
resisting composition that are not attacked or marked by the sand it is a matter of
arrangement in the printing of the device onto the transfer paper whether it will
show as cut into the glass or as a plane surface with a frosted back ground-The
composition might of course be painted or printed direct onto the glass instead of
being transferred from paper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Ambrose M°Evoy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1882.
CHARLES AMBROSE M°EVOY of 18 Adam Street Adelphi in the County of
Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES
"
The object of this Invention is to cheaply manufacture projectiles with a band
or bands of copper or other suitable metal around them to centre them in the bore
of the gun when fired and to take the rifling.
For this purpose the body of the projectile is cast of somewhat smaller diameter
than the bore of the gun and with a flange around its rear end also slightly smaller
than the bore.
A ring or band of copper or other metal slightly smaller in internal diameter
than the body is placed on to the head of the projectile and is by a powerful press
forced backwards along the body until it is made to abut against the flange or
collar which surrounds its rear end. The ring or band of copper or other metal
may be prevented from turning around the projectile either by making serrations
in the edge of the flange of collar against which the band abuts or by making
numerous small projecting ribs upon that portion of the circumference of the body
of the projectile which is embraced by the band.
In order to centre the forward end of the projectile in the bore of the gun when fired
I similarly fix a band of copper or other metal around the rear end of the head of
the projectile and cause it to abut against a shoulder at the front end of the body-
this band of copper or other metal I make only of a diameter to centre the.
projectile in the bore of the gun and not to take the rifling. In place of fixing two
bands in the manner above described around the rear and front ends of a projectile
I in some cases embrace the projectile at its centre by a single broad band which
serves the double purpose of steadying the shot in the bore-and of taking the
rifling and this band force on to the projectile in the same manner as above
described-The base of the projectile may in this case be made just to fit loosely
in the bore of the gun.