IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Matthias Hart, of 76, Cheapside, in the City.
of London, and Robert Lavender, of 332, Goswell Road, both in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR
GENERATING STEAM."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Matthias Hart and
Robert Lavender at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st March 1862.
We, JOHN MATTHIAS HART, of 76, Cheapside, in the City of London, and
ROBERT LAVENDER, of 332, Goswell Road, both in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the .said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS. IN
MEANS FOR GENERATING, STEAM," to be as follows:-
Steam generated in a suitable boiler is conducted into a chamber or
chambers heated to a high temperature. These chambers are formed of iron
or copper, and by preference are lined with fire-clay or fire-tile, or other
argillaceous matter, and they contain fragments of brick, stone, fire-clay, or
other argillaceous matter, which by becoming highly heated will communicate
such heat to the steam as it breaks in contact with such fragments in its
passage through these chambers to surcharge it; we then conduct such
steam into water contained. in a suitable boiler or boilers for conversion into
steam for use. By preference the superheating chambers are placed in the

page_text: flues from the fire used to heat the first boiler, and such flues may also heat
the second boiler, or the superheaters may be subject to the direct action of
the fire. The surcharging chambers may be formed in compartments by
partially closing partitions.
In place of the superheated steam being mixed with water in a second
"boiler or series of boilers for use, it may be mixed with other steam of a lower
temperature. By these means, in addition to the advantage of employing
superheated steam, facility is obtained for renewing or replenishing the super-
heating chambers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 20th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
MATTHIAS HART, of 76, Cheapside, in the City of London, and ROBERT
LAVENDER, of 332, Goswell Road, both in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender, Her special licence that we, the
said John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Matthias Hart and Robert
Lavender, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS FOR GENERATING STEAM," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said John Matthias Hart and Robert Lavender, our executors or adminis+
trators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal.
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Matthias Hart and Robert
Lavender, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
To
We first generate steam in a boiler of any known form suited to the purpose
intended. The steam is then conducted into superheating pipes or chambers
of a form and structure suited to the boiler, to which it is annexed. While
the steam passes from the boiler to the engine, or any other apparatus wherein
high steam is required, it must of necessity come into contact with the heated
surface of the superheating pipes, which are made of cast or wrought iron or
copper; the metal in the heated state absorbs oxygen from the steam, and
becomes oxidised, hence a rapid destruction of the material ensues.
prevent this we fill the superheating pipes or chambers with a granulated
material, broken up into suitable sizes or of a moulded material moulded into
such forms as will expose the greatest amount of transmitting surface composed
of either earthy, metallic, or the ores of metals or of carbonaceous compounds
either animal, vegetable, or mineral, or of any known material, which will
take up heat from the superheating pipes and again readily transmit it to the
steam as it comes into contact with its surface, at the same time the said
material will absorb oxygen.
It will be readily seen that, in addition to the advantages gained in pre-
venting the oxidation of the superheating pipes or chambers by filling them
with any of the materials named above, we have an additional advantage of an
increased surface for the transmission of the caloric to the steam by means of
the large area of surface of each fragment of the material of which the super-
beating pipes or chambers are filled.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner. in
which the same is carried into effect, we claim the adaptation and combination
of the means herein-before set forth for generating steam.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Matthias Hart and Robert
Lavender, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day
of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-two.
JOHN M. HART.
(L.S.)
ROBERT LAVENDER. (L.s.)
JOHN M. HART.
(L.S.)
ROBERT LAVENDER. (L.s.)