Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 18th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 21st June, 1887
We JOHN EDWIN ROGERSON of the Stanners Close Steel Works Wolsingham near
Darlington Engineer JOHN GRICE STATTER of Middleton Road Works Dalston in the
County of Middlesex Electrical Engineer and JAMES SHANNAN STEVENSON of Jarrow
Chemical Works South Shields Durham Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object the employment of Electro magnetic attraction or
repulsion so applied as to modify the path for an Electric current which is being used
for heating in connection with an electric furnace or equivalent heating apparatus. In
the furnace employing two horizontal electrodes placed either in a straight line or at
an angle to the horizontal and having a current flowing from one to the other either
above or through the substance to be heated for example it may be advantageous to
keep the heated gases which form the whole or part of the conductor to a path as close
as possible to the substance to be heated or at least to lessen their natural tendency to
rise towards the cover of the furnace and become wasted.
It is well known that any electrical conductor carrying a current may be considered
as a source of magnetic lines of force and is therefore capable of producing to a
greater or less degree the phenomena of Electro magnetic attraction or repulsion.
A particular case of this phenomenon is the well known effect of a magnetic pole
placed at right angles to the line joining the electrodes of an arc. The arc is deflected
in a direction sensibly at right angles to the magnetic lines force.
In carrying out our invention we make use of this property of electric currents to
assign a desired path to the current in an electric furnace."

page_text: We produce the desired attraction or repulsion either by the magnetic lines of force
of a permanent magnet an electro magnet a solenoid or a linear conductor carrying a
current or by the attraction between a piece of iron or steel and the conductor it is
desired to direct.
In cases where the metal under treatment carries a current the aforesaid magnets
may also be utilized to effect the desired disposition of the metal in the furnace or
even the withdrawal of the molten metal by providing an opening at the necessary
elevation and a suitable receptacle to receive the out flow.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said John Edwin Rogerson,
John Grice Statter, and James Shannan Stevenson.

page_text: Improvements in or Connected with Electric Furnaces or Heating
Apparatus.
We JOHN EDWIN ROGERSON of the Stanners Closes Steel Works Wolsingham near
Darlington Engineer, JOHN GRICK STATTER of the Alliance Engineering Works, West
Drayton in the County of Middlesex late of Middleton Road Works Dalston in the
County of Middlesex Electrical Engineer and JAMES SHANNON STEVENSON of Jarrow
Chemical Works South Shields Durham Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the saine is to be performed, to he
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our Invention has for its object to so apply electro-magnetic attraction or repulsion
as to modify the path for an electric current which is being used for heating in
connection with an electric furnace or heating apparatus. In such furnaces or heating
apparatus wherein electrodes are employed placed either in a straight line or at an
angle and having a current flowing from one to the other near to or through the
substance to be heated, it is in certain cases, advantageous or desirable to be able to
control the path of the heated gases or conductors of the current so as for instance to
keep them to a path as close as possible to the substance being heated or to lessen the
natural tendency of the conducting gases to rise towards the cover of the furnace or
to deflect or distort the path for the current in any desired manner.
It is well known that any electrical conductor carrying a current of electricity may
be considered as a source of magnetic lines of force and is therefore capable of
producing to a greater or lesser degree the phenomena of electro magnetic attraction
and repulsion.
A particular example of such phenomena is the well known effect of a magnetic
pole placed at right angles to the line joining the electrodes of an arc.
The arc is
deflected in a direction sensibly at right angles to the magnetic lines of force.
In carrying our Invention into effect we make use of this property of electric
currents to assign a desired path to the current in an electric furnace or heating
apparatus. We produce the desired attraction or repulsion either by the magnetic
lines of force of a permanent magnet, an electro-magnet; a solenoid; or a linear
conductor carrying a current; or by the attraction between a piece of iron, or steel
and the conductor it is desired to direct.
And in order that this Invention may be well understood we will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings manners in which the same
may be performed premising that we do not limit ourselves to the precise details which
we shall describe and illustrate.
Figure 1 is a vertical section Figure 2 a horizontal section and Figure 3 a transverse
section of an electrical furnace provided with this Invention, A is the furnace body or
casing and B and are the electrodes from and to the source of electricity the said
electrodes being presumed to be embedded in the contents of the furnace. On each
side of the furnace the poles D of an electro magnet are situated the base plate forming
the yoke of the magnet. This magnet is excited by current passing round their coils
and derived from any suitable source such as by the whole or a part of the current

page_text: passing through the circuit of the furnace or current derived from a source of
electricity independent thereof. We prefer to use the whole or part of the current
passing between the electrodes to excite the magnet or magnets which current varies
with the current in the furnace as in that case greater distortion and consequently
greater resistance to the current is produced when the current increases and vice versa
and regulation of the current through the furnace is thereby obtained. The pole
pieces d enter recesses a in the walls of the furnace to bring the said pole pieces in as
close proximity as may be to the conductor upon which they are to exercise their
influence. The pole pieces d are adjustable (by means of the slots d² and nuts d³)
towards and from the line between the electrodes. The effect of the magnets is to
divert or direct the path of the current between the electrodes upwards or downwards
according to the direction of the current round the magnots and to a degree in
accordance with the amount of current passing through the coils and consequently the
strength of magnetism of the magnets.
Figures 4 and 5 are respectively horizontal and vertical sections of a furnace A
with a magnet D² similarly applied beneath to deflect or direct the path of the current
between the electrodes either to one side to the other in accordance with the
direction of the current through the magnet coils. The furnace here shewn is one in
which the materials to be acted upon are on hearths at either side of the current which
is made by the electro-magnet to play upon the said materials.
Figures 6 and 7 are views at right angles to each other shewing the Invention
applied to a heating apparatus suitable for example to brazing or rivet heating. The
electro magnet D carries a collar e with two arms or sockets jointed to it and
carrying the carbons or electrodes B and C. The joint at can be fixed by a pinching
screw to keep the carbon or electrode C at any desired angle whilst the arın fis
moveable round the joint at and has a spring g rigidly attached at one end to the
moveable arm and fastened at its other end to the handle of the instrument so that
by pressure of the hand on this spring the moveable carbon or electrode can be
separated from the fixed one in order to form an are to be deflected by the electro
magnet as herein before described.
The lines at in the several Figures shew the normal conductive lines between the
electrodes whils: lines at y and shew the conductive lines when deflected or
distorted to one sue or the other (according to the direction of the current around the
magnet coils) by the influence of the magnet or magnets as hereinbefore described.
It will be understood that permanent magnets or any form of magnet or magnetic
metal can be used for the purposes of this Invention this being applied substantially as
hereinbefore described.
The current through the magnet or magnets may be varied as desired by switches
so arranged in any suitable or known manner as to enable the exciting power of the
coils to be varied and the polarity of the magnet or magnets to be reversed for the
purpose of obtaining the desired deflection as herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
First: In or with electrical furnaces or heating apparatus the combination or
employment of a magnet or of magnets or magnetic metal for deviating or
distorting the path of the conducting lines or gases between the electrodes substantially
as hereinbefore described.
Second-The several arrangements and combinations of parts constituting the
electrical furnaces or heating apparatus substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
D: 10th of May 1887