IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE STOPPAGE OF A LOOM ON THE FAILURE OR BREAKAGE OF A WARP THREAD OR THREADS.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Thomas Schmidt, of Bradford, in the
County of York, Spinner and Manufacturer's Apprentice, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE STOPPAGE OF A LOOM
ON THE FAILURE OR BREAKAGE OF A WARP THREAD OR THREADS.”.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Thomas
Schmidt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 9th July 1873.
I, FREDERICK THOMAS SCHMIDT, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Spinner and Manufacturer's Apprentice, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE STOPPAGE OF A
LOOM ON THE FAILURE OR BREAKAGE OF A WARP THREAD OR THREADS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to employing a self-acting gear and weighted
threads or cords, having mails fitted thereto, through which the threads
of the warp pass. This gear is fixed at the back of the loom and acts
on the stop rod.

page_text: rail, through which passes the warp threads, which are then passed
through mails or knees fixed to a series of weighted threads or cords;
these threads or cords are fixed at the top to slip mails which are fitted
on a rod. This rod is fixed in a top frame made in two parts, and having
moveable ends, allowing by these means the placing or removing of the
weighted threads or cords, according to the number of warp threads to
be used.
The top frame is attached to two levers fixed on a moveable rod fitted
in brackets fixed on the loom. One end of this moveable rod has a
handle fixed on to allow of the lifting of the weighted threads when
required.
The weights fixed at the bottom end of the weighted threads or cords
are made, by preference, of wire and long; they pass through a box
open at the top and bottom, and only just pass the bottom of the box
when the warp threads are in working order, that is to say, not broken
or slack.
Underneath the box is a band working forward and backwards when
the loom is in motion. This band is actuated by two excentrics fitted
on the lower shaft of the loom. These excentrics give motion to levers,
the bottom ends of which are fitted in lugs fixed on a rail fitted to the
back loom framing. To the top end of one of these levers are
fitted two short levers working in guides, and having the band fixed
thereto.
Should a warp thread or threads break or become slack the weight
or weights fixed at the bottom of the weighted threads or cords will
fall, passing the bottom of the box, and, coming in contact with the
moving band will bend the band acting on a spring, through which
passes a pin or wire. This spring being pulled back by the band actuates
the pin or wire, moving two small levers connected at one end to a shaft
or rod giving motion to the shaft or rod, at one end of which is fitted
a draw catch, which, coming in contact with the throwing-off catch
actuates the stop rod and throwing-off handle of the loom, moving the
belt fork on the loose pulley and bringing the loom to a standstill.
The spring, to which is attached the band and pin or wire, moves

page_text: weighted lever is also fixed at the back end of the shaft or rod, working
the draw catch to balance the levers and draw catch.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick Thomas Schmidt in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th December 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
THOMAS SCHMIDT, of Bradford, in the County of York, Spinner and
Manufacturer's Apprentice, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Frederick Thomas Schmidt, Her special
licence that I, the said Frederick Thomas Schmidt, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick
Thomas Schmidt, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully miglit
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE STOPPAGE OF A LOOM ON THE FAILURE
OR BREAKAGE OF A WARP THREAD OR THREADS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Frederick Thomas Schmidt, my executors or ad-
ministrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Thomas Schmidt, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is
to say:
-
This Invention relates to the employment of a self-acting gear and
weighted threads or cords having mails fitted thereto, through which the
threads of the warp pass. This gear is fixed at the back of the loom
and acts on the stop rod.
To carry out my Invention I employ a reed or slay fitted near the
back warp rail, through which pass the warp threads, which are then
passed through mails or knees fixed to a series of weighted threads or
cords; these threads or cords are fixed at the top to slip mails which
are fitted on a rod. This rod is fixed in a top frame made in two parts,
and having moveable ends, allowing by these means the placing or
removing of the weighted threads or cords according to the number of
warp threads to be used.
The top frame is attached to two levers fixed on a moveable rod fitted
in brackets fixed on the loom. One end of this moveable rod has a
handle fixed on to allow of the lifting of the weighted threads when
required.
The weights fixed at the bottom end of the weighted threads or cords
are made, by preference, of wire and long; they pass through a box
open at the top and bottom, and only just pass the bottom of the box
when the warp threads are in working order, that is to say, not broken
or slack.
Underneath the box is a band working forward and backwards when
the loom is in motion. This band is actuated by two excentrics fitted
on the lower shaft of the loom. These excentrics give motion to levers,
the bottom ends of which are fitted in lugs fixed on a rail, and fitted
to the back loom framing. To the top end of one of these levers are
fitted two short levers working in guides, and having the band fixed
thereto.
Should a warp thread or threads break or become slack the weight
or weights fixed at the bottom of the weighted threads or cords will
fall, passing the bottom of the box, and will come in contact with the
moving band, bending the band and acting on a spring, through which
passes a pin or wire. This spring being pulled back by the bended band

page_text: actuates the pin or wire, thereby moving two small levers connected
at one end to a shaft or rod, and giving motion to the shaft or rod, at
one end of which is fitted a draw catch; this latter coming in contact.
with the throwing-off catch will actuate the stop rod, and throwing off
the handle of the loom moving the belt fork on the loose pulley will
bring the loom to a standstill..
The spring attached to the band and the pin or wire move forward
and backwards with the band. They are fitted in a guide. A weighted
lever is also fixed at the back end of the shaft or rod, working the draw
catch to balance the levers and draw catch.
On the back of the loom is also fitted a rest, on which pass the warp
threads to prevent them springing.
But in order to enable my improvements to be better understood I
will proceed to more particularly describe the same by reference to the
accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 represents a front elevation
of the apparatus, and Figure 2 side view of the same; Figure 3, wire or
weight drawn full size.. Similar letters of reference are used in all the
Figures to represent similar parts.
A, warp threads passing through a reed or slay; these warp threads
are threaded through the holes B of the wires or weights C; the wires
or weights C are kept in their position by means of the threads of the
warps, and they are also passed over a rod D, which is fitted in loose
guide pieces E, and in the ends F; on the tops of the guide pieces E.
and ends F is passed a rod G, to which are attached the cords H fastened
on the rods I; these cords H are for the purpose of regulating the height
of the movable loose guides G to keep the wires or weights perfectly
free, and held in their position by the threads A. of the warps; the.
levers I are fixed on a shaft J, actuated by a lever K to allow of the raising.
or lowering of the frame formed of the loose guides E, rods D and G;
the shaft J is supported on brackets L fitted on the top part M of the
loom, on which are also fixed the brackets N, having arms with slot
holes, in which are fitted the end pieces O, having guide rods P, over
which pass the loose guide pieces E; the wires or weights C pass
through openings left between the wooden laths Q, guiding them and
preventing them from moving forward or backwards; the top laths
serve as a rest to the warps, and the bottom laths as a guide box for the
wires or weights, or for the weights with string R; these wooden laths

page_text: are fitted in bearers S; the top bearer is fitted on the back rail T of the
loom.
On the lower shaft U of the loom are fitted excentrics V, actuating|
rocking levers W%; these levers after having been depressed by the
excentrics V are brought back to their position by means of the spring X
fastened to the loom frame; the rocking levers W are fitted at their
lower ends in brackets Y; on the top part of the rocking levers W are
fitted brackets Z; in these brackets Z are fixed levers A¹ having slot
holes, in which are fitted levers B¹ having guide rods D'; in these levers
is fastened a cord or band C¹; this band receives a forward and backward
motion by means of the rocking motion given by the rocking levers W;
the guide D¹ formed on the levers B¹ works in the guides E¹ cast on
the bearers S; at one end of one of the guides D₁ is fitted another
lever F¹, through which is passed a wire G₁ fastened to the cord or
band C¹; this wire G has a head formed on one end, coming in contact
with two wires H¹ fitted in levers I'; these levers are fixed on a shaft J¹,
supported on brackets fastened to the loom frame; at one end of the
shaft J¹ is fitted a catch K¹, and also a lever having a balance weight I'.
On the going part of the loom is fitted a shaft M³, on which is fixed a
lever N¹, and also a bracket O¹, in which is fixed a bent lever P¹; this
lever is kept in position by means of the spring Q¹.
When a warp or warps break or become slack the wires or weights 0
fall down (as shewn by the dotted lines Figure 3), and come in contact
with the cord or band C³, causing this cord or band to bend, thereby
pulling back the levers I¹ and forcing forward or sideways the catch K', :
which comes in contact with the moving lever N¹ fitted on the going
part of the loom. The lever N₁ actuates the catch P¹, which forces the
starting lever out of gear, and moving the belt fork causes the belt to
move on the loose pulley and bring the loom to a standstill.
Having thus described my improvements, and the best means I am
acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, I would have it under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein-before
described and shewn, as the same may be varied without departing from
the peculiar character of the Invention, but what I do claim is,-
Firstly. The general arrangement of apparatus for the stoppage of a 3
loom on the failure or breakage of a warp thread or threads, substan-
tially as described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.

page_text: Secondly. The employment of a cord or band having a forward and
backward motion, or at rest, and which, by coming in contact with wires
or weights, actuates gear working a catch, substantially in the manner
or by the means herein-before described and represented in the accom-
panying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Thomas Schmidt, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three
0
Witness,
FREDERICK THOMAS SCHMIDT. (L.S.).
WALTER JAMES TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.