Improvements in Petroleum Lamps of Metal, Porcelain, Faïence, or other Material.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 8th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 9th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by OLIVER PROUST, of No. 6, Boulevard de
Strasbourg, Paris, in the Republic of France, Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Petroleum Lamps of Metal, Porcelain, Faïence, or
other Material.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Fel. Inst. P.A., Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E.,
practising as Phillips & Leigh, of 22 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineers and Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is the substitution of porcelain for metal as
far as practicable in the burners of petroleum lamps.
Before proceeding further I must clearly point out that the substitution of porce-
lain for metal is not merely a question of decoration without an industrial result
but that on the contrary I have been led up to the said substitution by a long series
of experiments undertaken in order to devise a remedy for the numerous drawbacks
incidental to the present construction of petroleum lamps.
The advantages of this invention are:-
(a.) Increased cleanliness.
(b.) Complete isolation of the reservoir and consequent maintaining of the
original temperature of the petroleum.
(c.) Better utilization of the light produced.
In carrying my invention into effect I make the reservoir of porcelain. The
neck which formerly carried a screwed metal ring is made longer and higher than
heretofore and has a gutter formed on its outer surface. One or more perforations
are formed therein through the porcelain. A screwed metal ring of suitable depth
depends from the burner in the ordinary way and screws into a metal ring recessed
into the throat of the lamp.
The burner cone and an annular shoulder or shoulders or modifications thereof
adapted to receive the metal gallery or chimney holder either or both are made of
porcelain in one piece and connect with the bottom screw above mentioned by suitable
screw connections.
The outer cone of round neck burners as well as the discs of the baffles are also
made of porcelain.
th: 11th day of Tul. 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum Lamps of Metal, Porcelain, Faïence, or
other Material.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Fel. Inst. P.A., Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E.,
practising as Phillips & Leigh, of 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineers and Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of the present invention is the substitution of porcelain for metal as
far as practicable in the burners of petroleum lamps.
Before proceeding further I must clearly point out that the substitution of
porcelain for metal is not merely a question of decoration without an industrial
[Pain Q

page_text: •
result, but that, on the contrary, I have been led up to the said substitution
by a long series of experiments undertaken in order to devise a remedy
for the numerous drawbacks incidental to the present construction of these
lamps.
The original object of the experiments which have resulted in the present inven-
tion was to obviate the collection upon the top surface of the reservoir of the
lamp, of the quantum of petroleum which usually collects there. I am aware that
it has generally been thought that this quantum of petroleum has percolated
through the material of the reservoir. This idea is erroneous. The fact is that
the vapour, produced by the warming of the reservoir and consequent volatilisation
of the petroleum contained therein, escapes between the burner-screw, or equiva-
lent part, and the collar on the top of the reservoir, and condenses upon the
adjoining surfaces. According to the present invention, the volatilisation of the
oil is prevented by isolating the reservoir as much as possible from the heat
produced by the burner, and which heat has hitherto been conducted by the metal
of the burner. This material is accordingly replaced by one which is a bad
conductor of heat, and further, the collar on the top of the reservoir is dispensed
with. The material has to fulfil a second condition, ciz-it must not obstruct the
rays of light from the flame. The material which I find best adapted to
fulfil both conditions without necessitating an excessive caution in its use is
porcelain.
The advantages of this invention are:-
(a.) Increased cleanliness.
(b.) Complete isolation of the reservoir and consequent maintenance of the
original temperature of the petroleum.
(c.) Better utilization of the light produced.
In carrying my invention into effect, I make the reservoir of porcelain. The
neck, which formerly carried a screwed metal ring, is made longer and higher
than heretofore, and has a gutter formed on its outer surface. One or more
perforations are formed therein through the porcelain. A screwed metal ring of
suitable depth depends from the burner in the ordinary way and screws into a
metal ring recessed into the throat of the lamp.
The burner cone and an annular shoulder or shoulders or modifications thereof
adapted to receive the metal gallery or chimney holder, either or both, are made of
porcelain in one piece and connect with the bottom screw above mentioned by
suitable screw connections.
The outer cones of round neck burners, as well as the discs of the baffles, are
also made of porcelain.
In order that my invention, and the best means for carrying it into practical
effect, may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe them in detail, referring
in so doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part of this
Specification and read therewith.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a lamp with central air supply, and made
entirely of porcelain, the chimney holder only being of metal.
A is the porcelain reservoir without, as will be noticed, the usual metallic collar
which has hitherto been necessary to receive and hold the bottom extension of the
burner. This collar is replaced by the ring a. A groove in the internal face of
this ring is fitted with a screwed metal ring c which is held in the said groove by
any suitable device. D is an ordinary male burner screw. This is made long
enough to enter and engage with the ring a properly, to receive and hold the
draught chamber F, and to receive the ring E which may be either metal, and if
so in one piece with the screw D, or it may be made in porcelain. The draught
chamber F is provided for the purpose of conducting the air to the burner. It
should be remarked here, for the point is an important one, that the chamber F as
as well as the cone are made in one piece instead of, as heretofore, in two or more
pieces burred together. The material used is porcelain, and as this is too rigid to

page_text: allow of it being adjusted to the chimney, the usual metal chimney holder is retained.
It is fixed to the chamber F by cementing it within a ring 9.
A female screw is formed upon the tail of the chamber F, or this may be cut in
a metal ring f¹ made fast to the tail in any convenient way.
The same construction is followed when a central air supply is used, as illustrated
in Figure 2.
H is the baffle of like position and function as heretofore, but instead of being
of metal, which first becomes black with a deposit of soot and then darkens
the flame, it is made of porcelain. It is supported in position by any suitable
device.
The several improvements above specified may be applied individually or
collectively.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In petroleum lamps, a screwed ring held in the ring on the top of the
reservoir adapted thereby to replace the metal collar heretofore used, as set
forth.
2. In petroleum lamps, the combination of draught chamber, cone, and ring
to which the chimney holder is cemented made in one piece out of porcelain, as
set forth.
D1
f A
11001
HENRY H. LEIGH.