Improvements in the Manufacture of Incandescence Bodies suitable for Use with Gas and other Burners.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 12th May, 1899-Accepted, 17th June, 1899
Improvements in the Manufacture of Incandescence Bodies suitable
for Use with Gas and other Burners.
I, JOHN HENRY HILL DUNCAN, of 39, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Chartered Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
According to this invention incandescence bodies suitable for use with gas and
other burners are made by spraying over thoria, or thoria containing zirconia or yttria
or other rare earth, in suitable shape to form an incandescence body, a solution of a
suitable salt of cerium, or salts of cerium and didymium, or of cerium and neodynium,
or cerium and prazeodymium, and then converting such salt or salts into an oxide or
oxides by heating so as to form an incandescence body composed of thoria, with or
without zirconia or yttria or other rare earth, and ceria with or without didyinia,
neodymia or prazeodymia, as may be desired.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Incandescence Bodies suitable
for Use with Gas and other Burners.
I, JOHN HENRY HILL DUNCAN, of 39, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Chartered Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
According to this invention incandescence bodies suitable for use with gas and
other burners are made by spraying over thoria, or thoria containing zirconia or yttria or
other rare earth, in suitable shape to form an incandescence body, a solution of a
suitable salt of cerium, or salts of ceriam and didymium, or of cerium and neodymium,
or cerium and prazeodymium, and then converting such salt or salts into an oxide or
oxides by heating so as to form an incandescence body composed of thoria, with or
without zirconia or yttria or other rare earth, and ceria with or without didymia,
neodymia or prazeodymia, as may be desired.
The incandescence body to be sprayed over may be produced in any suitable way,
thus it may be a mantle formed by saturating threads that are to be knitted into
the form of a mantle or saturating an already woven mantle with a salt or salts of
Di Q77

page_text: rare earth metals such as hereinbefore mentioned and subjecting the mantle to great
heat for the purpose of converting the salts into oxides and for burning out the
carbonaceous matter of the fabric, as is well understood. Or the body to be sprayed
may be produced by mixing a salt or salts such as above referred to (or an oxide or
oxides) with a viscous solution of an organic substance, such as collodion, which is
afterwards squirted through capillary tubes to form filaments or threads which are
then woven or knitted into mantles that are subjected to great heat for the purpose
of converting the salts into oxides and for burning out the carbonaceous matter of
the once glutinuous vehicle as is also well understood.
As already stated the metal or metals I employ in the form of salts or oxides
are thorium alone or a mixture of thorium and zirconium or thorium and
yttrium.
When a mixture is used thorium will usually be present in the proportion of not
less than 50% by weight of the whole.
A suitable solution with which to spray the incandescence body is an aqueous or
alcoholic solution of the nitrate of cerium with or without the addition of a nitrate or
nitrates of didymium, neodymium or prazeodymium, the proportion of nitrate
of cerium (as regards the other nitrates present) being usually not less than 50%.
The proportion of nitrate present in the spraying solution may vary within very
considerable limits, for example, from a fraction of one per cent. to sufficient to
produce saturation of the solvent, and the spraying is regulated according to require-
ment, the suitable strength of solution or solutions being employed so as to produce
a heavy or light, uniform, varying or graduated impregnation on the exterior or
interior or upon both surfaces of the mantle or other form of incandescence body or a
complete impregnation of the whole or of a portion of the substance thereof. Incan-
descence bodies according to this invention may be used with gas oil or other
burners of suitable kinds.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The use with a gas or other burner of an incandescence body of the kind
hereinabove described namely made of thoria with or without other rare earth or
earths as set forth and sprayed with a solution of a suitable salt or salts of cerium
or of cerium and didymium, or of cerium and neodymium, or cerium and prazeodymium
which salt or salts subsequently become by heat converted into an oxide or oxides in
the manner set forth.
2. The hereinabove described improved manufacture of incandescence bodies for
use with gas and other burners.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agents.