IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE SHOE NAILS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHANN HEINRICH EULERS of Bahrenfeld in the German Empire Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE SHOE NAILS to be as follows:-
נו
This invention has for its object to finish the heads of horse-shoe nails which
are punched out of shaped or profilated rolled iron or steel. Such nails as
delivered from the stamping machine have a conical head of oblong cross section,
which head by the present machine has to be formed into one of square section at
its upper end.
The sectional square shape of the head is preferred by the trade and by black-
smiths as well, as nails of such shape keep the shoe to the hoof better, and are
stronger than those of oblong section, which are liable to break in the direction
of the smaller diameter.
For the purpose of producing a thoroughly solid head, free of any blisters or
flaws, the nails before being brought into the machine are polished in a polishing
machine to remove all burr or projecting edges.
A feeding hopper or tube is provided for the reception of the raw nails as punched
out of rolled iron or soft steel and after being polished as before described. These
nails are placed into the feeding tube with their points downward, one-above the
other and are then automatically acted upon in the following manner the said tube
being of length sufficient to hold twenty or more nails all placed one above other.
As soon as the undermost nail is released from a catch that projects through a slot
of the tube it has to be fed into the machine and drops on an adjustable bar and
between four jaws which are arranged so as to enclose a square or rectangular
space. These jaws are all placed on a support to which two of these said jaws
are fastened in fixed brackets by screws, whilst the other two jaws are attached
by means of screws to slidable supports or brackets working in guides.
A stamp is provided working in conjunction with the four jaws for completing
the heading of the nail.
All parts of the machine are driven from the main shaft which is rotated by a
steam engine or other suitable motor in any convenient and well known manner.
To the main shaft cam-discs are fastened which give motion to two pivoted levers.
The outer end of these levers are held to the circumference of the discs by means
of springs.

page_text: When the heading stamp is lifted a support attached to the first of the two
pivoted levers by means of a connecting rod is drawn outward and removes one of
the jaws from the nail and said support moves within guides until it reaches a set
screw attached or fixed to another support which support follows the motion of the
first support. Together with the second suppord a set of fixed guides move forward
and by the action of a spring lever and a guiding face which latter forms a fixture
to the frame of the machine, the slidable support is drawn out and releases the
other jaw from the nail which then drops out of the press. The open jaws are
further moved together with the second support and are brought under the opening
of the hopper when a pin attached to the second support pushes against a lever and
releases the catch of the hopper tube and so allows a new nail to drop into the press
between the open jaws.
The jaws now begin to close and grip the nail fast from all four sides whilst the
stamp has been lifted in the meantime and the second support returns to its close
position after which the heading stamp is again forced downward and finishes the
head of the new nail. The heading stamp gives the greatest pressure whilst a
projecting point of one of the cam discs acts upon the second of the two pivoted
levers and at this same time the jaws are by a short projection on the other cam
disc heavily forced inward to keep the nail in position and to give the latter tho
necessary resistance-against the downward stroke of the heading stamp.

page_text: I JOHANN HEINRICH EHLERS, of Bahrenfeld, in the Empire of Germany,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention, for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE-SHOE NAILS" and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and, ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to finish the heads of horse-shoe nails which are
punched out of shaped or profilated rolled iron or steel. Such nails as delivered
from the stamping machine have a conical head of oblong, cross section, which
head by the present machine has to be formed into one of square section at its
upper end.
The sectional square shape of the head is preferred by the trade and by black-
smith as well, as nails of such shape keep the shoe to the hoof better and are
stronger than those of oblong section, which are liable to breaking in the direction
of the smaller diameter.
For the purpose of producing a thoroughly solid head, free of any, blisters or
flaws the nails before being brought into this machine, are polished in a polishing
machine to remove all burr or projecting edges.
The invention will be better understood upon reference to the accompanying
sheet of drawings in which Fig 1 represents a longitudinal section of the machine,
Fig 2 a side view in section of the upper part of the machine; and Fig 3 a plan
view of same partly in section. Figs 4 and 5 show front and side views respectively
of a nail as delivered from the punching machine and Figs 6 and 7 are like views
of the nails after having passed through the heading machine.
The machine is provided with a feeding hopper or tube A and the nails punched
out of rolled iron or soft steel, after being polished as before described are placed
into this feeding tube with their points downwards, tho said tube being of sufficient
length to hold twenty or more nails one above the other, where they are then
acted upon in the following manner. As soon as the undermost nail is released
from a catch that projects through a slot in the tube A it drops onto an adjustable
bar e and between four jaws a, a¹, a³ and a³ arranged so as to enclose a square or
rectangular space. These jaws are all placed on a support R to which two of the
said jaws a and a¹ are fastened in fixed brackets m and m¹ by screws d whilst the
other two jaws a² and a³ are attached by means of scrows d to sliding supports
or brackets m² and m³ working in guides K, K¹.
A stamp working in conjunction with the four jaws is provided for completing
the heading of the nail.
In Figs 1 and 2 a nail is shown held between the four jaws with the stamp B
at its lowest position and having completed the heading.
All parts of the machine are driven from the main shaft w said shaft being
provided with the cam discs h and h¹ which give motion to the levers H and Hi
pivotted at p and p¹ said levers being kept in contact with the circumference of
the cam discs by means of springs F and F' and it will be seen from the drawing
that as the cams revolve in the direction of the arrow (fig 1) the stamp B will be
raised and support m³ united to the lever H by the connecting rod Z, will be drawn
outward so removing the jaw a³ from the nail.
The support m³ slides in the guides K' until it reaches the set screws provided
in support R said support R follows the motion of support m³.

page_text: Together with support R the fixed guides K move forward in direction of the
arrow as indicated in Fig 3 and by the action of spring F lever H³ and a guiding
face t affixed to the frame of the machine support, m³, is drawn out and releases
jaw a' from the nail o which then drops out of the press.
The open jaws are further moved together with support R, and are brought under
the opening of the hopper A when a pin i attached to support R acts against
lever v thereby releasing the catch of the hopper tube by drawing out spring # and
so allows a new nail to drop into the press and between the open jaws.
The jaws a² and a³ begin to close against a and a respectively and grip the nail
fast on all four sides, whilst the heading stamp B has been lifted in the meantime
and support R returns to its close position, when the stamp B is again forced down
and finishes the head of the new nail. The heading stamp B gives the greatest
pressure whilst a projecting point ¹ of the cam disc h' acts upon the lever H¹ and
by a projection on cam disc h the jaws are at the same time forced inward to
keep the nail in position and so give the nail the necessary resistance against the
downward stroke of the heading stamp B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
-In.machinery for the manufacture-of-horse-shoe nails the two stationary jaws a, a¹