AN APPA- RATUS FOR RAISING SHIPS, ANCHORS, CHAINS, TELEGRAPII CABLES, AND OTHER PROPERTY SUNKEN IN THE SEA, OR RIVERS, OR LAKES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Schallehn, of 34, Albert Terrace, Clapham Road,
in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN APPA-
RATUS FOR RAISING SHIPS, ANCHORS, CHAINS, TELEGRAPII CABLES, AND OTHER
PROPERTY SUNKEN IN THE SEA, OR RIVERS, OR LAKES."
Scaled the 15th October 1878, and dated the 16th April 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Schallehn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th April 1878.
HENRY SCHALLEIN, of 34, Albert Terrace, Clapham Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer. "ÁN APPARATUS FOR RAISING SHIPS, ANCHORS, CHAINS,
TELEGRAPH CABLES, AND OTHER PROPERTY SUNKEN IN THE SEA, OR RIVERS, OR
LAKES."
My said Invention relates to an apparatus which, when properly adjusted and
lowered down to a ship, anchors, chains, telegraph cables, or other bodies submerged
in deep water, will hold and bring the same securely to the surface.
For raising ships, the said apparatus may be constructed in the following
manner: A grappling iron with two prongs formed somewhat in the shape of an
anchor. A hammer is fixed on between the shackle and the prongs, so that when
the grappling takes hold of any body, the hammer is employed to make it hold
more securely. These grapplings may be made with one or more prongs.
Another form of grappling is used without a hammer and only one prong.
Another form of grappling is of curved shape, and with teeth on the concave
side.
Another apparatus for raising anchor chains, telegraph cables, or any other bodies
resembles to some extent a lobster. This apparatus has two floats, one fastened to

page_text: the shackles and the other to the anchor-formed end. These floats are made fast
by means of a rope or chain. The floats are used to indicate the place where the
apparatus is situated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Schallehn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th October
1878.
HENRY SCHALLEIN, of 34, Albert Terrace, Clapham Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer. "AN APPARATUS FOR RAISING SHIPS, ANCHORS, CHAINS,
TELEGRAPH CABLES, AND OTHER PROPERTY SUNKEN IN THE SEA, OR RIVERS, OR
LAKES."
This Invention has for its object, improvements in apparatus for raising ships,
anchors, chains, telegraph cables, and other property sunken either in the sea or in
rivers, or lakes, and consists of an improved grappling iron or grappling irons so
constructed and manufactured as to afford great facility for raising the cargoes of
sunken vessels, as also the vessels or portions of the vessels themselves.
And in order that my said Invention may be better understood and readily
carried into effect, I will now, with the aid of the accompanying Drawings, proceed
more particularly to describe and ascertain the same.
Figure 1 of such Drawings represents one form of my improved apparatus, and
shews a grappling iron having a stout curved wrought-iron shank a, somewhat
resembling the shank of a ship's anchor, terminating at the bottom, at one side, in
two or more curved prongs or claws b, (shewn at Figure 4,) which incline upwards so
as to more firmly clutch any object raised therewith, while. on the other side the
bottom of such shank terminates in a knob or projection curving upwards to a
suitable angle.
About midway on the back of the shank a, a stout iron hook or its equivalent d
is securely fastened, to which a hammer e of suitable weight and strength is attached
in such a manner as to allow of its being worked casily up and down from the deck
of the vessel or staging to which my improved apparatus is attached by means of
a suitable cable or chain f, which is secured in any convenient manner either to the
head or handle of the hammer. When so worked, the hammer head striking
against the curved arm or projection c formed at the bottom of the shank a forces
the curved prongs or claws b into the object to be raised, and causes thein to securely.
and firmly grapple the same.
The upper end of the shank a is provided with a suitable shackle a', to which a
cable is attached in the ordinary manner so as to permit of the grappling iron being
easily raised and lowered, as circumstances may require, and to this cable a suitable
buoy or float may, if desired, be attached so as to indicate the position of the
grappling apparatus when submerged.

page_text: Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings shews another form of my improved
grappling apparatus, more particularly adapted to recovering and raising telegraph
cables, chains, and other similar articles when lost or submerged. In this modified
arrangement of my Invention, it will be observed that the shank a terminates at the
bottom in a hook or jaw b having a curve or bow or angle b¹ formed thereon, ter-
minating in a notched or serrated recess c, in which recess the telegraph cable,
chain, or other article to be raised lodges after sliding down the bow or angle b¹,
and it is thus rendered impossible for it to escape therefrom.
Attached to the inner side, near the base of the shank a, is a movable curved
horizontal arm d, to the extremities of which are attached two vertical movable
claws e, e, provided at their ends with rollers ſ, f. The horizontal arm & is bolted
to the shank a in such a manner as to allow it to swivel round immediately either
one or both of the rollers f, f, catch in any obstacle, while the vertical claws c, e,
are bolted or otherwise secured to the ends of the horizontal arm d so as likewise
to permit of their readily turning in any direction, so as to pass over or otherwise
avoid any obstruction they may encounter, and their so doing is materially assisted
by the rollers f, f, attached to their ends which naturally pass over or round any
such obstacle.
Any convenient number of holes are drilled in the curved horizontal arm d so as
to permit of the space between the claws c, c, being lengthened or diminished as
necessity arises, as also to permit of guide ropes or chains f', f¹, being attached
thereto, as presently described, for the purpose of controlling. its action.
Attached to the base of the shank a is a stout iron ring g, to which a suitable
float or buoy is attached for the purpose of indicating the position of the grappling
hook b when submerged.
The top of the shank a is provided, as in the first arrangement, with a suitable
shackle yl, to which a guide cable g² is attached for the purpose of raising and
lowering the apparatus, and to such cable a supplementary cable is affixed having
a suitable float or buoy attached for the purpose of shewing the position of the
head of the grappling apparatus when submerged. At a convenient distance below
such shackle a stout movable cross bar h is bolted or otherwise fastened to the inner
side of the shank a, so as to allow of such cross bar h readily oscillating from
side to side. Such cross bar has suitable holes drilled in either end, to which
suitable chains or cables f', f¹, are attached, which chains or cables are connected at
their lower ends to the curved arın d attached to the base of the shank, as before
described, and to the extremities of such cross bar h suitable ropes, chains, or cables
h, h, are attached, which are connected to the guide cable 92, and by pulling such
guide cable to one side or the other the play and position of the arms d and h can
be regulated as desired.
Figures 3 and 5 of the accompanying Drawings shew different forms of the
grappling hook, which I use either alone or in conjunction with my improved
apparatus before described, as circumstances require. It will be observed that in
Figure 5 the grappling hook is represented as clutching the windlass of a sunken
vessel, and that the serrated teeth formed therein materially contribute to its
obtaining a firm hold thereof.
Figure 6 of the accompanying Drawings shews another modification of my
improved apparatus, and this form of grappling hook is also particularly intended
for raising sunken telegraph cables, chains, and such like articles, and is in fact
an improved modification of the arrangement shewn at Figure 2. The improve-
ments therein consist in the shank a being formed perfectly straight but slightly
tapering towards the top, wherein a movable bolt and nut b, b₁, are inserted in
place of a shackle, such bolt and nut being connected to and serving to secure a
supplementary arm a', provided in its centre with a movable joint at a², to which
joint a lever arm a³ is attached. To the lower end of such lever as a grappling
hook a is attached by means of a bolt and nut, or in any other convenient manner.
Such grappling hook a works through a suitable opening formed in the back of
the shank a, as seen at k. Figure 7, which shows a back view of such arrangement.

page_text: Affixed to the bottom of the shank a by a suitable bolt and nut arrangement is a
serrated jaw c, terminating in an angular point c'.
The operation of this modified arrangement is as follows:-By slackening the
chain or cable which is attached to the upper limb of the jointed supplementary
arm a', the joint at a² relaxes, and the grappling hook a³ is loosened, but on again
pulling the cable straight the grappling hook is caused to close tightly over the
serrated jaw c, and so firmly clutches the cable or other article to be raised, thus
totally obviating all risk of its escaping from the serrated jaw c.
I
In the Drawing, Figure 6, a cable is represented as being detached between the
serrated jaw and grappling hook.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood
that I claim as my Invention, the improved apparatus for raising ships, anchors,
chains, telegraph cables, and other submerged property, together with the various
modifications thereof, all substantially as herein-before set forth and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Schallehn, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
Witness,
ELT & Co.,
British and Foreign Patent Office,
33, Southampton Buildings,
Holborn,
London,
W.C.
HENRY SCHALLEHN. (L.S.)