AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF HOLLOW RIMS FOR LIGHT SUSPENSION WHEELS ETC.
Year: 1884

page_text: I ARNOLD BEAUMONT WOAKES of No. 57 Harley Street, Cavendish Square in the
county of Middlesex, Medical Student, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF HOLLOW RIMS FOR LIGHT SUSPENSION WHEELS
ETC. to be as follows:-
The object which I have in view is to produce, at moderate,cost, a rim which,
with a given weight of material, has great strength to resist bending or buckling,
both radially and laterally. For this purpose, I bend a strap of thin metal, such as
iron or steel plate, in such a form as to have in its middle the nearly semicircular
channel to receive the elastic tyre, and to have two sides projecting inwards
towards the centre of the wheel, these sides being either parallel or,slightly inclined
to or from the plane of the wheel. The inner edges of these sides are formed with
lips turned inwards towards each other. A. second strap of thin metal is bent round
and fitted to, these, two, lips, so as to form the inner periphrey of the hollow rim,
through which there are holes to receive the spokes, which have their heads inside
the hollow of the rim. For the purpose of putting in the spokes, I make through
the semicircular outer channel holes large enough to allow the heads of the spokes
to pass through them, these holes being afterwards covered by the elastic tyre.
Instead of employing a second metal strap to form the inner periphery of the
hollow rim, either or both of the sides of the rim may have their inner lips made
of such breadth as to overlap each other in the former case the semicircular channel
would be rolled a little to one side and not quite in the centre of the metal strap.
Or otherwise; the strap which forms the inner periphery may have lips bent out-
wards and attached to the sides, which, in this case, are made without lips... In
order to prevent the heads of tlie spokes being pulled through the base of the rim,
washers may be inserted between the heads and the base, or grouves may be rolled
in the base in order to give the heads an even bearing.
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Dated this 26th day of February 1884.
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page_text: I ARNOLD BEAUMONT WOAKES of No. 78 Harley Street, Cavendish Square, in the
county of Middlesex Student of Medicine do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF HOLLOW RIMS FOR THE
WHEELS OF VELOCIPEDES AND OTHER LIGHT VEHICLES" and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to a construction of the rims of light tension wheels, such
as are employed for Bicycles, Tricycles & Velocipedes generally, and also for other
light vehicles. The object I have in view is to produce, at moderate cost; a rim
which, with a minimum weight of material, has a maximum strength to resist
bending or buckling both radially and laterally.
To accomplish this object I construct a hollow metal rim approaching a square
in section. That is to say, a rim, the sides and base of which are both flat with
the upper side grooved to receive the elastic tyre.
The rim may be formed into shape either by being drawn through a die or by.
being rolled with suitable rollers. The latter is the method I prefer.
I take a strap of thin metal, such as iron or steel plate, of the required length
& breadth & first impress the groove down its centre line in a longitudinal direction
to receive the elastic tyre, at the same time turning over, at about a right angle, a
narrow piece of each outer edge, so as to give the shape represented in fig. i.
I now further bend this section, at the angles formed by the termination of the
groove on each side, to such an extent that the flat pieces, which are to form the
sides of the rim, are brought parallel or nearly so to one another (fig. 2).
It now remains to bend the rim into the correct curve to correspond with the
diameter of the proposed wheel; to fit in & attach a separate flat piece of metal to
form the base, thereby completing the lower side of the square; and also to join up
the ends of the rim.
.
Fig. 3. represents a complete section with the spokes in situ. The spokes here
are placed in two rows those of either side of the hub (not shown) on the corre-"
sponding side of the rim.
In order to pass in the spoke holes are bored in the groove large enough to admit
of the passage of the heads which then rest in the hollow of the rim. The holes in
the groove are afterwards covered over by the elastic tyre.
MODIFICATIONS.
"
S Spokes (a) The spokes instead of being inserted into the corresponding sides of
the rim & hub of the wheel may cross over to the opposite side in order to give
them more angle and consequently make it possible to construct a wheel with a
narrower hub than is usually the case. (b) Instead of being placed, alternately on
opposite sides of the rim, the spokes may be placed in pairs round the wheel.
(c) They may also be placed in a single line down the centre of the base of the rim.
(d) Instead of allowing the heads of the spokes to rest in the hollow of the rim
small holes may be bored in the groove for the tyre opposite the holes in the base,
the heads will then rest in the groove and simply pass through the base. (e) In
each case the spokes instead of having heads in the rim-may screw into nuts in the
rim or washers may be inserted between the heads of the spokes and their bearings
in the rim.
Sides of rim Instood of the sides of the nim baina nasollal +
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page_text: diverge from or converge towards each other as they approach the base, this
depending to a great extent upon the size of the groove for the elastic tyre. In the
case of a small tyre they may diverge from one another as in Fig. 5 or in this case
as well as in others they may converge as in Fig. 6.
Base of rim Instead of the narrow strap of metal, completing the base of the
rim, being quite flat, as in figs. 3 & 4, it may be bent into the shape represented in
fig. 5.; making thereby, when placed in position, a perfectly even base to the
rim as seen from the outside. In either case the base may be made with lips
extending partly or wholly up the sides of the rim. In the case of these lips
extending very far up the sides of the rim these sides may be made without
lips extending underneath the base.
The separate piece of metal completing the base may be attached outside instead
of inside the hollow of the rim.
Slight grooves may be rolled down each side or down the centre of the base, in
order to give the heads of the spokes a more even bearing. In any case this extra
strap of metal may or may not be of the same thickness as the rest of the rim.
Further modifications-Instead of constructing the rim of two separate pieces of
metal a single piece may be used. In this case the lips turned inwards towards
one another from the sides are made long enough to overlap, fig. 6. Or one lip
may extend by itself across the base and be attached to the opposite side.
Drawings In referring to the drawings I have described them in the position
they are drawn on the paper. I have called the groove, for the tyre, the upper
side, the opposite side to this the base or lower side.
The section lines are not intended to represent the exact thickness of metal to be
used, and the size of the drawings does not, in all cases, correspond exactly in size
with the section of the rim.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) A more or less square or rectangular shaped section of a hollow metal rim.
Which rim, therefore, has its two sides flat; its base or lower side flat also; its
upper side grooved in the ordinary way to receive the elastic tyre.
(2.) A method of construction of the said hollow rim, by means of which a
separate piece of metal is attached to complete the base or lowerside of the rim,
which separate piece of metal is of itself flat or else forms, when fitted into its
final position, a flat base to the rim, except in exceptional cases when the latter is
slightly grooved.
Duted thin the fith day of November 1884"