IMPROVEMENTS IN INGOT MOULDS OR UTENSILS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON, STEEL, OR OTHER METALS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Rideal at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1883.
SAMUEL RIDEAL, of the City of Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Civil
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN INGOT MOULDS OR UTENSILS EMPLOYED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF IRON, STEEL, OR OTHER METALS
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The objects of this Invention are Improvements in the construction of Ingot
Moulds used in the manufacture of Iron Steel or other metals by the "Bessemer
Siemens and other processes, which moulds receive the metal in a molten state
from the Furnaces, or Converting Vessels.
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For these purposes I dispense with the moulds now in use which are generally
made of cast metal of great weight, and are very costly, and which are liable to
crack from the heat and pressure of the molten metal, in which case Fins or
projections are formed upon the surfaces of the Ingots which have to be chipped
or dressed before being rolled or forged, the fins also making it difficult to remove
the Ingots from the moulds.
In carrying out my Invention I employ Ingot Moulds or Utensils having an
outer casing of metal and an inner shell or mould of refractory material with an
annular space between the two, which space is filled with friable, porous, non-
conducting materials. The outer casing is made either taper or parallel in form,
open top and bottom and of cast or rolled metal, preferably of plates rolled of mild
steel in two or more parts divided vertically and held together by hoops, bands,
straps, screws, bolts and nuts, or by any suitable means, and to the lower edges of
the casing are rivetted bars of metal of angle section which project inside and upon
which stand the inner shell or mould before named; or the lower edges of the
casing may be bent inwards for the same purpose. To the upper edges of the
casing are attached loops rings, or eyes of metal to enable the moulds to be lifted
and removed as required.
.
I make the inner shell or mould taper outside and open top and bottom with the
inside of the size and form of the Ingots required. The materials I employ in its
manufacture being fire clay, Ganister, Silica, Kaolin, asbestos, or other refractory
materials, but by preference I use magnesium limestone, old fire bricks and coke,
Pin 1

page_text: each being exposed to a high temperature afterwards reduced to a suitable fineness,
mixed with mineral oil to a stiff paste and rammed or forced into suitable moulds
of metal to the form required; the shells are then dried and gradually heated to a
bright redness. Over the outside of the shells so formed when cold I place rings,
hoops, or bands of thin metal at short distances apart which expand and contract
with the shells when in use and permit of their being removed. without
injury, also affording facilities for the repair of any fracture that may occur in the
.moulds or shells by filling same with its own composition applied in a plastic state.
The inner shell being thus prepared is placed inside the outer casing its lower
edge resting upon the angle bars or projections as before described and the annular
space filled with Asbestos, silicate cotton or Slag Wool, Coke, Ashes, sand
or combinations of some or all thereof, or other porous non-conducting material.
The inner surfaces of the shells are protected by a wash of loam, pipe-clay, lime,
ground plumbago, and water, or any other solution or means that will prevent the
metal adhering to the moulds such being applied previous to their being filled
with molten metal.
By these means I obtain facility of working, efficiency, durability, economy in
first cost and maintenance and with less waste than occurs in the ordinary
moulds.