Improvements in and relating to Galvanic Batteries.
Year: 1890

page_text: OUMELEID OIL
Improvements in and relating to Galvanic Batteries.
We ANDRÉ MILLION and PIERRE BONY both of Lyons in the Republic of France,
Electrical Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to galvanic batteries or cells and consists in certain improve-
ments in the form or construction of the carbon electrode or electrodes, in the method
of connecting the carbon electrode to the contact or lead therefrom and in the general
arrangement of the parts in the cell as hereinafter described.
Reference being made to the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is a central vertical section of a cell made according to this invention..
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof.
The improved battery comprises the outer vessel A. which may be made of any
usual material and shape, a porous and cylindrical vase B of annular shape into
which is usually placed the zinc D and acidulated water, this vase may be made with
the side wrinkled with star shape or other shape. It is immersed in the depolarizing
liquid which surrounds it on all sides in the vessel A. There are two systems of
carbon electrodes both immersed into the depolarizing liquid, the one C outside the
porous vase the other C¹ in the free inner space within the vase in order to utilize
the two surfaces of the zinc at the same time. This arrangement may be altered by
putting the depolarizing liquid and the carbons into the ring shaped and porous vase
and using two pieces of zinc the one outside the porous vase and the other one into
its interior hole. Each of these electrodes consists of a number of carbon rods of
comparatively small diameter fixed together with their ends in a ring of metal
preferably lead.
The immersing of the carbon electrodes into molten lead simply or metals generally
does not cause the carbon to be brought into intimate connection with the metal so
that the contacts are defective.
To obviate this we cover first the end of the carbon with an optional metal either
by amalgam as in hot gelding or by electro depositing.
If the metal so deposited cannot be soldered we then tin it or amalgamate it on
its outer surface. If we wish to make highly finished batteries we apply first a thin
coat of gold or platinum or other unassailable metal as aforesaid we then apply by
electro deposit a coat of another less expensive metal covering over the first one
and then tin or amalgamate this second metal as above described. One may evidently
thus apply several coats of different metals one over the other according to
requirements.
The carbons being thus prepared we place the same into a temporary holder
keeping them steady within a mould or form into which molten lead or other metal
is then poured as far as the desired height. When all is sufficiently cooled down
the electrode is immersed in melted wax parafin or any other penetrating fatty sub-
stance close to the metal only in order to fill up the pores to prevent all passage of
the liquids to the contacts. The lead when solidfied having bound together all the
ends of the carbon rods. of the improved electrode forms thereof a solid or integral
mass. The necessary contact strips or binding screws are then put on.
Electrodes composed of a system of carbon rods at slight distances are excellent
for batteries the currents and the liquids circulate easily and all the surfaces operate.
We generally connect all the carbons in a circular manner at one end as o o¹. One
may also connect the same by any cast metal or alloy. The carbons may have any
shape or section, round, square, rectangular, fluted etc.
The drawing represents a battery with a circular vase and outer vessel but the
mproved carbon electrodes may be used for any other kind or shape of battery.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is...
In a galvanic battery.
1. An electrode composed of a number of carbon rods connected together with
slight intervals between them substantially as set forth.
2. An electrode composed of a number of carbon rods in combination with a cross
piece of metal in which the ends of said rods are embedded substantially as set
forth.
3. An electrode composed of a number of carbon rods having their ends intimately
coated with a thin layer of non attackable metal in combination with a cross piece of
metal in which the coated ends of said rods are embedded substantially as set
forth.
4. The combination with the outer vessel A of the inner annular vase B a zinc
electrode D in said vase an electrode C composed of a series of carbon rods in the
space outside said vase and an elecrode C composed of a series of carbon rods in the
space enclosed by said annular vase.
Deted this 12th day of May 1800:
HERBERT & Co.,.
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicants.