Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 1st Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 6th Jan., 1888
1. LORENZ ADALBERT ENZINGER, Engine-manufacturer, residing at Worms, Grand
duchy of Hesse, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to filter-presses, or filtering-apparatuses composed of a number of
juxtaposed frames and of filtering-walls placed between the same, and the object of the
invention is to avoid all loss of liquid at the commencement and the end of an operation
as well as during the working of the apparatus, and to allow all air contained in the
frames, or entering thereinto with the liquid to be filtered, to escape in a simple and
certain manner.
For this purpose the frames and the filtering-walls are inserted between two
chambers, located at the ends of the apparatus, and they are provided with four holes,
two at the top and two at the bottom, which, when the parts are put together, form
four channels, the two lower ones whereof I shall call a and b, the two upper
ones c and d. One of the lower channels, b, and one of the upper channels, c,
communicate by slits with the interior space of the second, fourth, sixth, &c., or all
even-numbered frames, and by apertures with the chamber designed to receive turbid
liquor, while the channels a and d communicate in like manner with the first, third,
fifth, &c., or all uneven-numbered frames and with the chamber for filtered liquor. In
consequence of this arrangement the turbid liquor will be conducted by the channel b
from the receiving-chamber to the even-numbered frames, the air from these frames,
in opposite direction, by the channel c to the receiving-chamber. From the said even-
numbered frames the liquid percolates the filtering-walls on both sides of the frames
and passes in purified state into the frames of uneven number, whence it flows through
the channel a to the chamber for purified liquor, while the air passes to the same
chamber through the channel d. At the top of the two chambers are arranged glass
cylinders allowing the quantity of air present in the chambers, to he observed, and
provided with cocks for the outlet of the air, while at the bottom the chambers have
cocks for drawing off any residue of liquor.
Π
L
Jou of Amil 1987

page_text: I, LORENZ ADALBERT ENZINGER, Engine-manufacturer, residing at Worms, Grand-
duchy of Hesse, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to he particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to filter-presses, or filtering apparatuses, composed of a number
of juxtaposed frames and of filtering-walls placed between the same, and its object is
to provide moro efficient means than heretofore employed in like apparatuses, for
allowing the air contained in the frames, or entering thereinto with the liquid to be
filtered, to escape, and whereby air can be admitted into the frames in view of com-
pletely draining them at the end of an operation, and of thus avoiding all loss of
liquid.
For this purpose the frames and the filtering-walls are inserted between two
-chambers located at the ends of the apparatus, and they are provided with four boles
each, two at the top and two at the bottom, the said holes forming, when the parts are
put together, four channels. One of the lower and one of the upper channels com-
municate with the interior space of the alternate frames and with the chamber designed
to receive turbid liquor, so that, while the liquor flows from the receiving-chamber
through the lower channel into the frames, the air passes through the upper channel
in opposite direction from the frames to the said chamber. The other two channels
communicate with the frames intermediate to the former and with the chamber for
filtered liquor, and they serve respectively to conduct filtered liquor and air from these
frames to the said chamber. Both chambers are provided at the top with air-cocks
and at the bottom with drain-cocks.
On the annexed sheet of drawings an apparatus involving my improvements is
represented by Fig. 1 in perspective view, the frames and the parts of the filtering-
walls being supposed to be separated from each other a certain distance, and only a
limited number thereof being shown. Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a front view and
a vertical section on line 1, 2 of one of the frames.
In Fig. 1 Q is the chamber into which the turbid liquor is introduced by the cock e,
and M the only one of the frames for turbid liquor appearing in the figure, this being
the frame also shown by Figs. 2 and 3. 00 are two frames and R tho chamber for
filtered liquor, the latter having the discharge cock p. PNP are the filtering-walls
consisting each of a frame N closed on both sides by sheets P of wire gauze faced at
the edges with india-rubber, the said frames being provided with an orifice 9, to be
closed by a screw-plug for filling it with cellulose or other suitable filtering material.

page_text: These walls may, however, be replaced by sheets of filtering-paper or cloth. The
frames M and O are provided inside with vertical bars forming a grate for supporting
the filtering-walls or sheets. In all the frames and in the filtering walls or sheets there
are four holes, two at the bottom and two at the top, which, when the parts are pressed
together, form four channels, the two lower ones ab and the two upper ones c d.
Moreover the chamber Qhas two orifices, i and m, registering respectively with the
channels b and c, whereas the chamber R has the orifices and n (shown in dotted
lines), which are opposite to the ends of the channels a and d. In each of the franes M
the hole forming part of the channel b communicates by a slit t, and the hole forming
part of the channel c, by a slit with a groove running along the end of the grate-bars,
and consequently with the spaces between the bars (see especially Figs. 2 and 3), so
that the turbid liquor introduced into the chamber Q, will pass from the same through
the channel to the frames M, and that the air will escape from the latter to the
chamber through the channel c. In a like manner the inner space of each of the
frames O is put in communication by a slit o with the channel a, and by a slit r with
the channel d, for allowing the filtered liquor to pass from all the frames through
the channel a, and the air through the channel d to the chamber R.
In order that the air may escape freely through the channels c and d, the
frames M. and O require to be made of such form that the bubbles of air rising within
the liquor, will pass to the slits and r. For this purpose it is advantageous to make
the frames, the filtering-walls and the chambers Q and R of square form, and to
arrange them with their diagonals in vertical and horizontal position, as shown by the
drawing. Under these conditions the frames, the filtering-walls and the chambers may
be supported by, and shifted from one side to the other, upon and between four bars C,
connecting together the standards A of the apparatus. The said frames, walls and
chambers are pressed together by means of the head-plates K and the screw J with
hand-wheel W. On the chambers Q and R are mounted the glass cylinders f, in which
the air coming from the frames M. and O, collects, so that the quantity thereof present
can always be observed. are the cocks by which the air is blown off, u u¹ drain-
cocks, and pressure-gauges.
If the apparatus is to be put into operation, the filtering battery, composed of the
frames, the walls and the chambers, is tightened up as stated, and the cocks h, h¹, 741
and p are closed. Turbid liquor is then admitted by the cock e to the chamber Q while
at the same time the cock is slowly opened until the liquor has risen in the glass /;
the said cock being thereupon closed. During this operation the liquor runs through
the orifice and the channel 6 into the frames M and displaces the air, which passes
by the slits and the channel c into the upper part of the chamber Q. The cock /' of
the compartment R being then slowly opened, the liquor passes from the frames M
through the neighbouring filtering-walls P NP, or filtering-sheets, on both sides
thereof and arrives in purified state in the frames O, whence it runs through the slits o
and the channel a to the chamber R, while the air present in the same chambers
escapes by the slits r, the channel d, the compartiment R and the cock /. The ways
of the liquor and the air are indicated in the drawing by arrows.
When the filtration is finished, all spaces filled with turbid liquor may be emptied by
the cock u, those containing the filtrated liquor by the cock u', the cocks hand
being at the same time opened for the induction of air. Thus all losses of liquor
otherwise apt to occur at the end of an operation, are avoided. In case the filtering
material consists in sheets of paper, which are apt to be torn when there is a pressure of
a liquid on one side and air or gas on the other, such sheets, when applied in the
described apparatus, are secure against rupture, as with ordinary care no accumulation
of air or gas adapted to endanger the paper, will occur in the frames of the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
In a filter-press, the combination, with each other, of the frames M for turbid liquor,
the frames O for filtered liquor alternating with the former, filtering-walls or sheets
interposed between the frames M and O, and two chambers Q and R, arranged at the

page_text: ends of the apparatus, the frames M and O and the filtering-walls or sheets having
each two holes at the bottom and two at the top, which, when the said parts are put
together, form the two lower channels a band the two upper ones c d, the
channels and c communicating with the inner space of the frames M and the
chamber Q, while the channels a and d communicate with the inner space of
5
tho frames O and the chamber R, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated the Twenty ninth day of November 1887