Improvements in the Manner of Repairing Punctures in Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 1st Nov. 1893-Accented. 2nd Dec. 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manner of Repairing Punctures in Pneumatic
Tyres.
I, HARRY LAND, of 73 Kimberley Road, Nunhead, London, S.E., Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manner of repairing punctures in
pneumatic tyres, and has for object to provide a means of effectually repairing a
puncture in a very few minutes, and by which the machine may be ridden upon
immediately the tyre is inflated without waiting for the patch to dry; and if plugs
are used it is rendered impossible for them to blow out, as is now so frequently a
cause of much annoyance and waste of time. Again the manner of repairing
punctures, according to this invention, is equally applicable to either single or inner
tube tyres, and does not intefere with speed or resiliency.
In accordance with this invention I provide firstly a number of pieces of thin flat
sheet solutionized rubber, one of which I place over the puncture if slight; or where
the puncture may be a serious one I prefer to form the piece of sheet solutionized
rubber with a small peg in the centre thereof, which peg is to be pressed into the
puncture. Then over the piece of rubber, when placed in position upon the
puncture, 1 place a shield (to be more particularly described hereinafter) made of
metal, leather, or other suitable substance or material, but preferably of thin sheet
steel, shaped to suit the radius of the tyre and made somewhat after the form of an
ordinary shoe-buckle with slots or apertures therein through which is passed a
fastening or securing device preferably consisting of a thin flat band of metal or
other material, (though straps, cords, or wires, may be employed) and which is
securely fastened around the rim of the wheel and tyre. The clip band described
in my Specification of Patent No. 14694 1892 is particularly adapted for the
purpose of fastening the shield to the tyre. The action produced by reinflating
the tyre forces the repaired part of the tyre against the buckle shaped shield
aforesaid (which is itself held securely in position by the band or other fastening
device before mentioned) and prevents the rubber patch from shifting. The solu-
tionized rubber is pressed clean into the puncture and a perfectly air tight joint is
thereby ensured, and further the repaired part is protected by being kept from
coming into direct contact with the ground when the machine is ridden upon, which
may be done immediately the tyre is reinflated, as the shield is kept upon the
tyre until the repair is thoroughly dry and hard. A great advantage to be derived
from the application of this my invention is that in the event of a second puncture
occurring the shield and band may be immediately detached and used in a similar
manner again; thus it is only requisite to carry one band and shield and a few
pieces of solutionized rubber to be enabled almost instantly to repair any puncture
occurring.
And in order that this my invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will now proceed to describe same with reference to the accompanying
drawings and the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the shield and band I prefer to employ in
carrying out my invention:
Figure 2 is a plan of the shield and band:
Figure 3 shew's in plan a modification of the shield wherein the slots for the
passage of the band or other fastening device employed are shewn as being at the
ends of the shield: and
Figure 4 illustrates another modification in which holes or apertures are shewn
for the passage of wire or cord for securing the shield to the tyre and rim of wheel.

page_text: In each of the above figures a represents the shield of metal, leather, or other
suitable substance or material fashioned so as to adapt itself to the curvature
of the outer circumference of the tyre. In Figures 1, 2, and 3, b represent the
slots formed in the shield a for the passage of the securing band c. This latter is
passed around the tyre and wheel rim and fastened at the desired tension by means
of the stud or pin d upon one end of the band c being sprung into one of the
apertures e formed in the other end of the band aforesaid. Various modifications
of the means of fastening the band may be employed without departing from this
invention. For instance, in lieu of the stud d and pear shaped apertures e shewn,
a hook or hooks may be formed upon one end of the band and suitable slots may
be cut either centrally or upon the edges of the other end of the band for the
reception of the fastening hook or hooks, as for instance is particularly described
and illustrated in my aforesaid Specification of Letters Patent No. 14694 of 1892.
And, again, the shield a may be provided with a fastening band or strap of leather
or other suitable material which can be hooked, sewn, rivetted, or otherwise secured,
thereto; and which band or strap will serve to fasten the shield to the tyre by
being buckled or otherwise secured around the tyre and rim of wheel. In Fig. 4
a, as aforesaid, represents the shield, whilst ff indicate holes or apertures formed
therein through which wires, in lieu of the spring band, or leather or other strap,
may be passed or threaded for fastening the shield to the tyre.
Further modifications are illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. In the former of these
figures the band c is attached to the shield a by means of the pin or rivet g around
which it fits loosely so that the position of the shield is capable of a certain amount
of alteration to suit the puncture. In Fig. 6 the shield a is shewn as provided with
two bands e cach attached in the same manner as the single band shewn in Fig. 1.
This allows of a larger rupture or puncture being repaired than with the other
types of shield and band above illustrated.
In operation, according to this invention, I proceed as follows:--
On a puncture occurring in what is known as a "single balloon tyre" I lay a
piece of solutionized rubber on the puncture, I then place the clip around the tyre
in such manner that the shield a lays over the piece of solutionized rubber, which
shield a I fasten in position by springing the stud d or its equivalent into one of the
apertures or slots e according to the size of tyre used. By pumping up the balloon
the process of inflation causes the patch on the tyre to be forced against the
shield a (said shield a being securely held in position by the spring band c or its
equivalent) and thus it is rendered impossible for the patch or plug to move. The
shield a protects the repaired part of the tyre from direct contact with the road,
and is kept upon the tyre until the patch is thoroughly dry and hard, when it can
be removed and used again for similar purposes as often as required.
In repairing a puncture occurring to what are known as "inner tube tyres" it is
only necessary to remove a portion of the outer covering (which can be almost
instantaneously effected) then lay a piece of solutionized rubber on the inner tube
directly over the puncture (marking the rim exactly opposite to where the patch is
affixed), pull the outer cover over, fasten same, then spring the shield and band
over the outer covering opposite the mark previously made on the rim and fasten
the clip under the rim into one of the slots or apertures according to the size of tyre.
The inner chamber is now inflated, by which process it is forced against the outer
covering, which in its turn is driven against the shield a which having been
previously fastened prevents the tyre expanding beyond its proper size.
It will thus
be seen that the greater the inflation the harder the shield compresses the outer
cover against the patch on the inner tube, and therefore the same effect is produced as
on the single tube tyres just described, and the rider is enabled to mount his machine
at once without waiting for the patch to dry as hitherto has been necessary.
Dated the 25th day of August 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manner of Repairing Punctures in Pneumatic
Tyres.
I, HARRY LAND, of 73 Kimberley Road, Nunhead, London, S.E. Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
al
This invention relates to improvements in the manner of repairing punctures in
pneumatic tyres; and has for object to provide a means of effectually repairing
puncture in a very few minutes, and by which the machine may be ridden upon
immediately the tyre is inflated without waiting for the patch to dry; and if plugs
are used it is rendered impossible for them to blow out, as is now so frequently a
cause of much annoyance and waste of time. Again the manner of repairing
punctures according to this invention, is equally applicable to either single or inner
tube tyres, and does not interfere with speed or resiliency.
In accordance with this invention I provide firstly a number of pieces of thin flat
sheet solutionized rubber, one of which I place over the puncture if slight; or where
the puncture may be a serious one I prefer to form the piece of sheet solutionized
rubber with a small peg in the centre thereof, which peg is to be pressed into the
puncture then over the piece of rubber when placed in position upon the puncture,
1 place a shield (to be more particularly described hereinafter) made of metal,
leather, or other suitable substance or material, but preferably of thin sheet steel,
shaped to suit the radius of the tyre and made somewhat after the form of an
ordinary shoe buckle with slots or apertures therein through which is passed a
fastening or securing device preferably consisting of a thin flat band of metal or
other material (though straps, cords or wires may be employed) and which is
securely fastened around the rim of the wheel and tyre. The clip band described
in my Specification of Patent No. 14694 is particularly adapted for the purpose
of fastening the shield to the tyre. The action produced by the reinflating the
tyre forces the repaired part of the tyre against the buckle shaped shield aforesaid
(which is itself beld securely in position by the band or other fastening device
before mentioned) and prevents the rubber patch from shifting, the solutionized
rubber is pressed clean into the puncture and a perfectly air tight joint is thereby
ensured, and further the repaired part is protected by being kept from coming into
direct contact with the ground when the machine is ridden upon, which may be done
immediately the tyre is reinflated, as the shield is kept upon the tyre until the
repair is thoroughly dry and hard. A great advantage to be derived from the
application of this my invention is that in the event of a second puncture occuring
the shield and band may be immediately detached and used in a similar manner
again, thus it is only requisite to carry one band and shield and a few pieces of
solutionized rubber to be enabled almost instantly to repair any puncture
occuring.
And in order that this my invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will now proceed to describe same with reference to the drawings
accompanying my Provisional Specification, and the letters and figures of reference
marked thereon, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the shield and band 1 prefer to employ in
carrying out my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of the shield and band.
Figure 3 shows in plan a modification of the shield wherein the slots for the
passage of the band or other fastening device employed are shown as being at the
ends of the shield, and

page_text: Figure 4 illustrates another modification in which holes or apertures are shewn
for the passage of wire or cord for securing the shield to the tyre and rim
of wheel.
In each of the above figures a represents the shield of metal, leather or other
suitable material or substance fashioned so as to adapt itself to the curvature of the
outer circumference of the tyre. In Figures 12 and 3, bb represent the slots
formed in the shield a for the passage of the securing band c. This latter is passed
round the tyre and wheel rim and fastened at the desired tension by means of the
stud or pin d upon one end of the band c, being sprung into one of the apertures e
formed in the other end of the band aforesaid. Various modifications of the means
of fastening the band may be employed without departing from this invention. For
instance in lieu of the stud d and pear shaped apertures e as shewn, a hook or hooks
may be formed upon one end of the band and suitable slots may be cut either
centrally or upon the edges of the other end of the band for the reception of the
fastening hook as for instance is particularly described and illustrated in my afore-
said Specification of Patent No. 14694 of 1892. And again the shield a may be
provided with a fastening band or strap of leather or other suitable material which
can be hooked, sewn, rivetted or otherwise secured thereto, and which band or strap
will serve to fasten the shield to the tyre by being buckled or otherwise secured
around the tyre and rim of wheel.
In Figure 4a as aforesaid represents the shield whilst findicate holes or
apertures formed therein through which wires; in lieu of the spring band or
leather or other strap, may be passed or threaded for fastening the shield to the
tyre.
Further modifications are illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings
accompanying my Provisional Specification. In the former of these figures I shew
the band c attached to the shield a by means of a stud or rivet g, around which the
band fits loosely so as to allow of the position of the shield being altered to suit the
point punctured. The modification shewn in Figure 6 is adapted for repairing
punctures of a large size wherein the shield a is attached to two bands c which
latter pass through slots formed in the shield in a similar manner to that illustrated
in Figure 1.
"
In operation according to this invention I proceed as follows:-
On a puncture occuring in what is known as a single balloon tyre I lay a
piece of solutionized rubber on the puncture, I then place the clip around the tyre
in such manner that the shield a lays over the piece of solutionized rubber, which
shield a I fasten in position by springing the stud d or its equivalent into one of the
apertures or slots e according to the size of the tyre used. By pumping up the
balloon tyre the process of inflation causes the patch on the tyre to be forced
against the shield a (said shield a being securely held in position by the spring
band or its equivalent) and thus it is rendered impossible for the patch or plug to
move. The shield a protects the repaired part of the tyre from direct contact with
the road, and is kept upon the tyre until the patch is thoroughly dry and hard,
when it can be removed and used again for similar purposes as often as required.
In repairing a puncture occuring to what are known as inner tube tyres it is
only necessary to remove a portion of the outer covering (which can be almost
instantaneously effected) then lay a piece of solutionized rubber on the inner tube
directly over the puncture (marking the rim exactly opposite to where the patch is
affixed), pull the outer cover over, fasten same, then spring the shield and band over
the outer covering opposite the mark previously made on the rim and fasten the clip
under the rim into one of the slots or apertures according to the size of tyre. The
inner chamber is now inflated, by which process it is forced against the outer
covering, which in its turn is driven against the shield a which having been
previously fastened prevents the tyre expanding beyond its proper size. It will
thus be seen that the greater the inflation the harder the shield compresses the
outer cover against the patch on the inner tube and therefore the same effect is
produced as on the single-tube tyres just described and the rider is enabled to mount

page_text: his machine at once without waiting for the patch to dry as hitherto has been
necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
First. In repairing punctures in pneumatic tyres, the application, use and
employment of a shield such as a of metal, leather or other suitable substance.or
material, to be placed over a puncture in or upon a pneumatic tyre for the purpose
of holding by force or pressure (after inflation of tyre) the plug or patch of
solutionized rubber in position until dry; substantially as herein before described
and shewn in the drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification.
Second. For the purpose of securing and fastening the shield a in any required
position upon the tyre, the combination with said shield a of a spring band or
bands cor other suitable fastening device such as straps, cords or wires, substantially
as herein before described and shewn in the drawings accompanying my Provisional
Specification.
Dated this 30th day of October 1893
JAMES
STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers, 20, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.