IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE AND SULPHURIC ACID
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Kenyon, Hartley Kenyon, and Israel
Swindells, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturing Chemists, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE AND SULPHURIC ACID."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Kenyon, Hartley
Kenyon, and Israel Swindells at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 21st May 1872.
We, HENRY KENYON, HARTLEY KENYON, and ISRAEL SWINDELLS,
of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemists,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE AND SULPHURIC ACID," to be as
follows:-
We take rock or manufactured salt, chloride of potassium, and an
excess over their equivalents of sulpher, as burnt or unburnt copper,

page_text: or iron pyrites, to decompose the salts, with sufficient nitrate of soda or
saltpetre to restore any loss in the recovery of nitric acid. These we
intimately mix together, and, after grinding fine, add sufficient moisture
to mould into balls or any other convenient shape, and when freed
from moisture we burn such balls in kilns or furnaces, admitting air to
support slow combustion and to oxydize the gases as liberated, which
gases we draw through a tower or stack, washing them with nitric acid,
condensing all sulphurous or sulphuric acids, and liberating pure
chlorine for any purpose required. The sulphuric and nitric acids we
collect, and during the concentration of the sulphuric acid the nitric
and nitrous acids and moisture are condensed ready for the operation
to be repeated, viz., freeing the chlorine from sulphurous or sulphuric
acid.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Kenyon, Hartley Kenyon, and Israel
Swindells, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st November
1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
KENYON, HARTLEY KENYON, and ISRAEL SWINDELLS, of Warrington, in
the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Henry Kenyon, Hartley
Kenyon, and Israel Swindells, Her special licence that we, the said
Henry Kenyon, Hartley Kenyon, and Israel Swindells, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Henry
Kenyon, Hartley Kenyon, and Israel Swindells, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANO-

page_text: FACTURE OF CHLORINE AND SULPHURIC ACID," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Henry Kenyon, Hartley Kenyon, and Israel
Swindells, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Kenyon, Hartley Kenyon,
and Israel Swindells, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
:-
We take rock or manufactured salt, chloride of potassium, and an
excess over their equivalents of sulphur, as burnt or unburnt copper,
or iron pyrites, to decompose the salts, with sufficient nitrate of soda or
saltpetre to restore any loss in the recovery of nitric acid. These we
intimately mix together, and, after grinding fine, add sufficient moisture
to mould into balls or any other convenient shape, and when freed from
moisture we burn such balls in kilns or furnaces, admitting dry air to
support slow combustion and to oxydize the gasses as liberated. These
gasses we draw through a tower or stack, washing them with nitric
acid or chromate of lime or any other chromic base, condensing all
sulphurous and sulphuric acids when nitric acid is used, and forming
sulphates of the bases when chromates are used, and so liberating pure
chlorine for any purpose required. The sulphuric and nitric acids we
collect, and during the concentration of the sulphuric acid the nitric
and nitrous acids and moisture are condensed ready for the operation
to be repeated, viz., freeing the chlorine from sulphurous and sulphuric
acid.
The pure chlorine may then be used in the manufacture of chloride
of lime or any other compound of chlorine. The chromic solution after
performing its object, viz., that of removing the impurities from the
chlorine may be recovered by any of the ordinary well-known methods,
and be used over again for the purposes of this Invention, without any

page_text: We claim the use of nitric acid, chromate of lime, or any other
chromic base in the manufacture or purification of chlorine as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hartley Kenyon, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Henry Kenyon and Israel Swindells,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Ninteenth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-two.
Witness,
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office,
71, Market St.,
Manchester.
HARTLEY KENYON. (L.S.)