Improvements in and in Connection with Staying and Strengthening the Plates and Parts of Steam Generators and other Vessels Subject to Pressure.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in and in Connection with Staying and Strengthening
the Plates and Parts of Steam Generators and other Vessels
Subject to Pressure.
I ASPLAN BELDAM, of 77 Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:
My Invention relates to certain improvements hereinafter described in and in
connection with staying and strengthening the plates and parts of steam generators
and other vessels subject to pressures when such vessels are constructed of steel,
wrought, or malleable iron, or other malleable metal, plates and parts, and my
Invention consists in manufacturing the plates and parts of steam generators and
other vessels subject to pressures as follows. I roll, or stamp, or otherwise form the
plates and parts with projections provisions, or bosses which are formed and spaced on
such plates, or parts at the requisite points and distances proportioned according to
the strain that such plates or parts will have to sustain, the said projections, pro-
visions, or bosses may be of round, square, or other shape to suit the particular
position the plates, or parts take in the structure. These projections, provisions, or
bosses are drilled and tapped, or recessed to receive screwed bolts, T headed bolts, or
cotters, or nuts, or other attaching devices for rod, or plate stays, so that such stays
which are used in strengthening the structure can be secured to the respective plates,
or parts (which they have to support) without piercing the said plates, or parts.
Heretofore it has been the practice to connect the stays of plate metal vessels to the
plates, or parts which they have to support by piercing the plates, or parts and
connecting the stays to such plates, or parts by screwed nuts, or nuts, or bolts, or
rivets, or by rivetting the ends of the stays, or by lugs, or projections rivetted to the
plates, or parts. Tube plates of steam generators have also been bossed to receive the
tubes, the tubes passing through holes in the plates and bosses. In these methods of
connection through the plates being pierced there is liability to leakage, in fact such

page_text: leakage is common, more particularly when the vessels are subjected to extreme
variations of temperature.
Through staying and strengthening vessels subjected to pressure by connecting
such stays to projections, provisions, or bosses, as according to my Invention, the
liability to leakage can be entirely overcome as the plates and parts need be in no
instance vitally pierced.
For example in the practice of my Invention in forming the plates for the furnace
of a steam generator, I roll such plates with proportionately spaced bosses which
appear on the outer periphery, or side of the furnace. Similar bosses being formed
on the inner periphery or side of the shell plate. The strengthening stays come
between and are connected to the respective bosses of the furnace plate and the shell
plate without piercing such plates.
It is not essential although advisable that all the parts should have the stays con-
nected in manner according to my Invention, as my improved connections can be
applied to the most vital parts, while the other parts may have their stays connected
in the ordinary manner.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in Connection with Staying and Strengthening
the Plates and Parts of Steam Generators and other Vessels
Subject to Pressure.
I, ASPLAN BELDAM, of 77 Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, in the County
of Middlesex Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to the staying and strengthening of parts of steam generators
and other vessels subject to pressure when such vessels are constructed of steel,
wronght, or malleable iron, or other malleable metal plates and parts. The following
is a description of my Invention sufficient to enable any one skilled in the art to
which it belongs to put the same into practice, reference being had to the annexed
four sheets of Drawings making a part of this Specification and to the letters and
figures of reference marked thereon, like letters and figures of reference being used to
denote the same, or corresponding parts throughout the Drawings.
My Invention consists in manufacturing the plates and parts of steam generators
and other vessels subject to pressures, as follows. I roll, or stamp, or otherwise form
the plates and parts with projections, provisions, or bosses which are formed and
spaced on such plates, or parts at the required points and distances according to the
strain that such plates, or parts will have to sustain. The said projections provisions,
or bosses are of round, square, or other shape to suit the particular position, the plates,
or parts take in the structure and the form of the stay, which is connected to such
parts. The projections, provisions, or bosses are drilled and tapped to receive screwed
bolts, T headed bolts, or cotters, or nuts, or other attaching devices for rod, or plate
or ring stays, and so that such stays which are used in strengthening the structure
can be secured to the respective plates, or parts which they have to support without
piercing the said plates, or parts.
Heretofore it has been the practice to connect the stays of plate metal vessels to the
plates, or parts which they have to support by piercing the plates, or parts and con-
necting the stays to such plates, or parts by screwed nuts, or nuts, and bolts, or rivets,
or by rivetting the ends of the stays, or by lugs, or projections rivetted to the plates,
or parts. Tube and other plates of steam generators have also been bossed to receive
the tubes, or stays, the tubes, or stays passing through holes in the plates and bosses.
In these methods of connection through the plates being pierced there is a liability to
leakage, in fact such leakage is common, more particularly when the vessels are
subjected to extreme variations of temperature.
In the accompanying Drawings there are illustrated examples in staying and
strengthening the plates and parts of steam generators or other vessels subject to
pressure, according to my Invention.

page_text: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a plate showing the means which 1
employ according to my Invention for attaching screwed rod, or bolt stays.
Figure 2 is a plan of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation showing the means which I employ for attaching
rod, or bolt stays by means of a nut.
Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of a means which I employ for attaching rod, or
bolt stays by means of a double projection on the plate and à bolt, and nut.
Figure 6 is a plan of Figure 5.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of a means which I employ for attaching rod, or
bolt stays by means of a single projection on the plate and a bolt and nut..
Figure 8 is a plan of Figure 7.
Figures 9. 10. 11 and 12 are sectional elevations illustrative of the means which I
employ in connection with the projections, provisions, or bosses on the plate for staying
or strengthening the plate.
Figure 13 is an end elevation of a furnace or flue of a steam generator provided
with bosses and strengthening rings, or stays according to my Invention.
Figure 14 is a side elevation of Figure 13.
In the accompanying Drawings a is the plate, b the projection, provision, or boss
formed on the plate in its manufacture and c is the stay attached to the plate.
The example in Figures 1 and 2 shows a portion of a plate a with round pro-
jections, provisions, or bosses and screwed rod stays c. The bosses being provided
with tapped holes which do not pierce the plate a and yet provide sufficient screwed
surface for the screwed ends of the stays c to screw into.
The example in Figures 3 and 4 shows a portion of a plate a with a projection b
provided with a recess to receive the nut d' of the stay c, the end of which passes
through the projection band screws into the nut d.
The example in Figures 5 and 6 shows a portion of a plate a with a double pro-
jection b and a bolt and nut d for attaching the stay c.
The example in Figures 7 and 8 shows a portion of a plate a with a single pro-
jection and a bolt and nut d for attaching the stay c.
The example in Figure 9 shows a portion of a cylindrical plate a provided with
tapped bosses b and a corrugated ring stay c attached to the bosses by the screwed
studs d.
The example in Figure 10 shows a portion of a cylindrical plate a provided with
tapped bosses and a T iron ring stay c attached to the bosses by the screwed stud d.
The example in Figure 11 shows a portion of a cylindrical plate a provided with
tapped bosses b and a T iron ring stay e: in this case, the flange of the T iron
stay c is separated from the bosses by the ferrules e so as to permit the web of
the Tiron stay e to be inside. The said stay c being connected to the bosses b by
the bolts d.
The example in Figure 12 shows the T iron stay c connected to the plate a by
means of a jawed stud f which is fastened to the web of the said stay c by the bolt d
and is screwed into the tapped boss of the plate a.
The example in Figures 13 and 14 shows a strengthening T iron ring stay c applied
according to my Invention to a furnace plate a of a steam generator: the ring stay c
is shown fixed eccentric to the furnace plate a, but if desired it may be fitted concentric
with the plate a.
In forming the plates for say the furnace, fire box, or combustion chamber, of a
steam generator I roll, or stamp, or otherwise suitably provide such plates with pro-
portionately spaced bosses (a) on the interior surface of the plate, similar bosses (a)
being formed on the inner surface of the shell plate of the steam generator. The
strengthening stays come between and are connected to the respective bosses (a) of
say the furnace plate and the shell plate without piercing such plates.

page_text: Through staying and strengthening vessels subjected to pressure by connecting
such stays to projections, provisions, or bosses as according to my Invention, the
liability to leakage is entirely overcome as the plates and parts need be in no instance
vitally pierced.
It is not essential, although advisable that all the parts of the stayed plates, or
surfaces should have the stays connected in manner according to my Invention, as my
improved connections can be applied to the most vital parts while the other parts may
have their stays connected in the ordinary manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
1. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the manner sub-
stantially herein described of staying and strengthening the plates thereof, which
consists essentially of fastening the stays to projections, formed in, or upon such plates,
without piercing, or penetrating the plates such as by screwing the stays and
projections, or by keys, bolts, or equivalent fastenings.
2. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure, a plate and stay
connection substantially as set forth with reference to the Drawings.
3. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 1 and 2
of the Drawings.
4. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 3 and 4
of the Drawings.
5. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 5. 6. 7
and 8 of the Drawings.
6. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 9 of the
Drawings.
7. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 10 of
the Drawings.
8. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 11 of
the Drawings.
9. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 12 of
the Drawings.
10. In steam generators and other like vessels subject to pressure the staying and
strengthening of the plates substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 13
and 14 of the Drawings.