IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR THE SAID APPARATUS AND FOR OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Henry, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of
London. Patent Agent, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR AERATING LIQUIDS, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR THE SAID APPARATUS AND FOR
OTHER ARTICLES."-A communication from abroad by Etienne Sebastien
François, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris, France.
FOR AERATING LIQUIDS, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR THE SAID APPARATUS AND FOR
OTHER ARTICLES."-A communication from abroad by Etienne Sebastien
François, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris, France.
Sealed the 17th October 1862, and dated the 29th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Henry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
April 1862.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS, AND, IN FASTENINGS FOR THE SAID APPARATUS
FOR OTHER ARTICLES," communicated to me from abroad by Etienne
Sebastien François, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris, France, to be as
follows:-
According to these improvements the apparatus is closed by a mount, cover,
cap, or top, which is placed on a ring or collar formed or fixed on the neck of
the apparatus, and has hinged or jointed to it two bent, curved, or arched
arms, links, or pieces to which are hinged or jointed arms which, when
depressed, are brought into such position that portions of them come or bear
against or engage in the under surface of the ring or collar, by which means
the mount, cap, or top is securely fastened. It is disengaged by raising the
jointed arms, and thereby moving them from or clearing the ring or collar.
Instead of two arms with their corresponding links or connecting pieces, there

page_text: may be more than two, or there may be only one, (a hinge or joint being, if
desired, used on the other side).
The above-described fastening arrangement may be applied or adapted to
other articles beside apparatus aerating liquids. A tube is employed so
divided as to form two distinct passages or fluid ways, whereof one, herein
called the "inlet. way," is for the admission of liquid to the powders to generate
the gas, and the other, herein called "outlet way," is for the exit of the
aerated liquid from the apparatus. The tube thus communicates from the
interior of the apparatus to its exit. In the arrangement preferred it is
attached to and leads into the mount, cap, covering piece, or top fitting of the
apparatus so as to be removeable therewith, and it passes down within the
apparatus, the separation that divides it into its two ways or passages extending
for a portion of its length, and the outlet way leads from the top of the tube
to an opening at-a part higher than the bottom thereof, and the inlet way
leads to the bottom of the tube from an opening at a part lower than the top
thereof. Thus supposing it applied to an apparatus consisting of two chambers
or compartments; one, say the upper, for containing the liquid; and the other,
say the lower, for holding the powders, then the inlet way would lead at
bottom to within the lower or powder chamber, and open at top within the
upper or liquid chamber, (at a height that should be determined according to
the quantity of liquid to be injected on the powders to generate gas).
And
the outlet way should lead from the exit to an opening in the upper or liquid
chamber mostly near the lower part thereof. For separating the two chambers
or compartments, that is, the upper chamber, which holds the liquid, from the
lower, which receives the powders, a ring, collar, or annular stopper or plug,
herein-after called "ring plug," is used; which is so contrived: that it is closed
when the apparatus is being charged with liquid, and opened when the aerating is
to be performed. For this purpose the ring plug has a cap, valve, or closing
piece attached to it by a strip of caoutchouc or other elastic connection, which
cap or piece closes the passage through it at its bottom end, but opens it when
forced down. Now when the tube before described is.used with the ring plug,
the bottom end of the tube when the latter is inserted into the apparatus
passes into the ring plug, but the tube is of such length that when inserted-it
forces the cap downward and opens the way through the ring plug. For this
purpose the tube must be longer than the distance of the top of the apparatus
from the ring plug cap when closed. The ring plug has orifices through it
for the passage of the gas. To use an apparatus in which these improvements
are combined, the top or mount, with the tube attached; and the ring plug
are first removed and the powders. thrown in (which may be done by a-funnel-

page_text: with a long spout), the ring plug (closed by its cap) is then replaced, and the
upper chamber charged with liquid. The mount or top with the tube fitted,
to it is then replaced and fastened down by the jointed arms, the .tube opens
the ring plug passage, and liquid descends through the inlet way and ring plug,
to the lower chamber, where it acts on the powders and generates.gas, which
rises through the ring plug to the upper chamber and aerates the liquid
therein, which when the top valve, tap, or drawing off appliance is open escapes
through the "outlet way" from the apparatus. The ring plug may be fitted in
place by a rod with studs taking into a groove in the same, whereby it is
turned in its seat, notches being provided for the withdrawal of the studs to
remove the rod.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Michael Henry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
HENRY, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Michael Henry, Her special licence that I, the said Michael Henry,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Michael Henry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR THE SAID APPARATUS,
AND FOR OTHER ARTICLES," communicated to me from abroad by Etienne
Sebastien François, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris, France, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Michael Henry, my executors or
administrators by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Heury do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, as communicated to me, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say:
This Invention first relates to an improved fastening arrangement, and the
mode of applying the same, for the purpose of securing covers, mounts, caps,
or tops on vessels or apparatus for aerating liquids.
According to these improvements the mount, cover, cap, or top by which
the vessel or apparatus is closed is placed on a ring or collar formed or fixed
on the neck of the vessel or apparatus, and has hinged or jointed to it two
bent, curved, or arched arms, links, or pieces to which are hinged or jointed
other arms, which may be described as levers, and which when depressed are
brought into such position that portions of them are caused to bear against or
take into the under surface of the ring or collar, by which means the mount
cap, cover, or top is securely fastened on the apparatus; it is disengaged
therefrom by raising the jointed arms, and thereby moving them from or
causing them to clear the ring or collar. Instead of two arms with their
corresponding links or connecting pieces there may be more than two, or
there may be only one, a hinge or joint being, if desirable, used on the other
side. The above-described fastening arrangement may be applied or adapted
in like manner to other articles beside apparatus for aerating liquids.
The next improvement relates to the arrangement and application of
a tube divided into two fluid ways.
According to this improvement a tube is employed so divided as to
form two distinct passages or fluid ways, one of which, herein called "inlet
way," is for admitting liquid to the powders in order to generate the gas,
and the other, herein called "outlet way," is for the exit of the aerated
liquid from the apparatus. The tube passes down within the vessel or
apparatus, and forms a communication from the interior thereof to the
exit, for which purpose it leads into the mount, cap, cover, or top, fitting
and may be attached thereto so as to be removeable therewith; the
separation that divides it into its two fluid ways or
passages extends
along
portion of its length, and is so contrived that the "outlet way
leads from the top of the tube to an opening at a part higher than the
bottom thereof, and the "inlet way" leads to the bottom of the tube from
an opening at a part lower than the top thereof.
"
The apparatus for aerating liquids consists of two chambers or compartments

page_text: one, namely the upper, for containing the liquid, and the other, or lower, for
holding the powders, and the tube is applied to this apparatus in such
manner that the "inlet way" shall lead at bottom into the lower or powder
chamber, and shall open at top into the upper or liquid chamber, at
a height therein which may be regulated according to the quantity of liquid
required to be injected on the powders for generating the gas, while the
"outlet way" leads from the exit or mouth of the vessel to an opening
in the upper or liquid chamber near the lower part thereof.
For separating the upper chamber or compartment which holds the liquid
from the lower chamber or compartment which contains the powders, an
annular stopper or plug, berein-after called " ring plug," is used, which
is so contrived that it is closed when the apparatus is being charged with liquid,
and opened when the aerating is to be performed. For this purpose the
ring plug has at bottom a cap, valve, or closing piece attached to it by a strip
or band of caoutchouc or other similar elastic connection, which cap, valve,
or piece when in place closes the passage through the ring plug at the bottom
end thereof but opens it when forced down.
When the tube before described is inserted into the apparatus its lower
end passes into the ring plug and forces down the said cap, thereby opening
the way through the ring plug; for this purpose the tube must be longer
than the distance of the top of the apparatus from the cap of the ring plug
closed. The ring plug has orifices through it for the passage
when
of the gas.
In order that the nature of the said Invention and the mode of performing
it may be fully understood, I proceed particularly to describe the same with
reference to the accompanying Drawings, which represent in vertical
section an apparatus for aerating liquids in which the aforesaid improvements
are combined. A, B, is a glass vessel divided into two chambers or compart-
ments A and B, by the ring plug o. The neck of the upper chamber A is
recessed on the outer surface, and on this neck is run, cast, or otherwise applied
a collar a, on which is placed a mount, cap, or cover b; c, c, are a pair of
lugs formed on the mount b; d, d, are curved arms jointed or hinged to
these lugs at one end, their other ends lie below the under side of the
collar a; f, f, are other curved arms which are jointed to the arms d, these
arms f may be described as levers working on the arms d. When the arms
or levers fare depressed as shewn in the Figure, their upper ends f' are
brought into such position as to take into and press against the under surface
of the collar a, and they thereby secure the mount 6 in place close against
the neck of the vessel whereby a fluid-tight joint is obtained. When the

page_text: arms are raised so as to move their top ends f¹ away from the collar a, the
arms & may also be raised or moved outward on their hinges or joints and the
mount will thus be disengaged or released and may be readily removed from
the neck of the vessel; m is the handle or lever for opening the outlet
valve to draw off the aerated liquid, or other ordinary appliances may be used
for the purpose; e is a tube screwed to a tubular collar or hollow nipple g
open at both ends and cast or formed on or fixed to the inside of the mount b.
This tube e is open top and bottom, and has also two openings x, x, at the
sides; the tube is divided down part of its length by a partition e¹, which
forms it into two fluid ways k and k¹, the one k is what I call the inlet way,
and leads from the bottom of the tube to the opening a, and the other k¹
is what I call the outlet way, and leads from the top of the tube to the opening
; o is the appliance which I call the ring plug, it consists of a tubular,
annular, or hollow plug fitting between the chambers A and B, and kept
tight in its seat by a caoutchouc, tow, or similar elastic packing p. The
ring plug o is opened and closed at bottom by a cap r attached to it by
an elastic band t, and has small orifices s, s, in its sides for the passage of
gas.
The apparatus is used as follows:-When it is to be charged the
mount b, with the tube e, is first removed, the ring plug o is then taken
out and the powders are thrown into the chamber B; this can be con-
veniently done by means of a funnel with a long discharge spout. The ring
plug is then fitted in its seat between the chambers (this is best effected by
using a rod with studs or projections on one end, which take into a groove round
the inside of the plug so that the plug may be passed into its place, and the
rod is then withdrawn by turning it partly round to bring its studs into slots in
the groove and allow it to be freed from the plug). When the ring plug is
first inserted the cap r is kept by the elastic band t close against it and so shuts
it at bottom. The liquid to be aerated is now poured into the chamber A, the
cap preventing it from descending into the chamber B. When the chamber
A is sufficiently charged the mount b, having the tube e screwed to it, is placed
on the neck of the vessel, and is fastened down by the arms or levers f, as
before explained. The tube e, being within the vessel and being so long
as to descend beyond the ring plug, forces down the cap r, and opens
the ring plug at its bottom end, and the liquid in the chamber A above the
opening a will flow through the inlet way k, into the chamber B and moisten
the powders therein, whereupon gas will be generated and will rise through
the orifices into the chamber A and aerate the liquid therein. The
quantity of liquid admitted to the powders may be regulated by having the.

page_text: opening at such a height in the chamber A that the required quantity
of liquid may pass through it to generate sufficient gas to aerate the liquid.
The aerated liquid can be drawn off as required by depressing the lever m,
or working whatever other appliance be used for opening the discharge way,
whereupon the liquid will escape from the vessel through the opening a¹
and oulet way k¹.
The vessel may be protected by a cane, wire, or perforated metal sheath
as usual for liquid aerating apparatus.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same may be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
improved apparatus for aerating liquids, substantially as herein-before described
and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Second, the general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
improved fastening contrivance, having the method of action herein-before
described.
Third, the combination of the improved fastening arrangement with the
mounts, caps, or covers, of apparatus for aerating liquids as described.
Fourth, the application and arrangement as described of a tube divided
into two fluid ways, one for admitting liquid to damp the powders, and the
other for the outflow of the liquid when aerated.
Fifth, the application and arrangement of ring plug as herein-before
described, whereby communication is opened and closed between the two com-
partments or chambers of the apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Henry, have hereunto set
my hand and seal this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
S. E. A. NEWSOME,
Patent Office,
84, Fleet Street, London.
M. HENRY.
(L.B.)