Improvements in Ambulance Waggons or Carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1896-Accepted, 21st May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ambulance Waggons or Carriages.
I, KARL GOLDSCHMIDT, of 131 Franz-Josefstrasse, Brünn, in the Empire ot
Austria, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The subject of the now presented invention is a sanitary ambulance waggon or
carriage having the following advantages chiefly.
1. The best possible utilization of the space.
2. Arranged so that the sides of the compartment destined for the wounded comprise
stretchers which can be put together.
3. A convenient arrangement for putting the wounded into the carriages.
The sanitary ambulance waggon is represented upon the accompanying drawings.
SHEET 1.
Fig. 1. Side view partly in section of the complete waggon and details are shown
in Fig. 1A and 1B.
Fig. 2. Back view of the waggon.
Fig. 3. Front view of the waggon.
SHEET 2.
SHEET 3.
Fig. 4. Plan view of the waggon.
SHEET 4.
Fig. 5. A side view of the stretcher for carrying by hand.
Fig. 6. A plan view of same.
Fig. 7. A back view of same.
Figs. 8, 9 and 10. Details (parts) of Figs. 1 to 3.
Fig. 11. Back view of the turned over tubes w with the feet to drawn in and hook
(or hooks) h.
Fig. 11. Plan view of Fig. 11.
Fig. 12. The eyelet hole 16.
SHEET 5.
Fig. 13. A side view of stretcher m connected to the wheel frame.

page_text: 20. Shows the manner of securing the stretchers m when employed as side
walls.
Fig. 21. A side view of Fig. 20.
Fig. 22. A detail showing the manner of fastening the grip to the stretcher
handles.
The sanitary ambulance waggon consists essentially of a centre part A, the front
part B and the hind part C. The front part B and the hind part C are constructed
in the most suitable manner in so far that the utensils requisite for sanitary purposes
or for caring for the invalids are placed away in the best manner, in this same manner
the wheels R and the axles R' for hand ambulance or stretcher, various sanitary
utensils etcetera are disposed of in the compartments of the front part B. The hind
part C is divided into three vertical spaces in the left hand space the ice box E and in
the right hand space the kettles K as well as a petroleum holder have been fitted.
Here may be mentioned that the kettles K rest with their turned over rims k upon the
angle iron D and that the petroleum burners P are below them which enables the
boiling to be made possible during driving.
Above these compartments on the left and right is a reclining place for slightly
wounded and on both sides a support G has been fixed.
The roof J of the ambulance waggon can be taken off and so arranged that the
roof J may be used as a boat. Under the roof J of the centre part A the sheets L
which can be rolled up, are arranged on both sides of the waggon; besides these the
boards M are also attached to both sides of the centre part A.
On the floor A' of: he centre part A there are the leaves N, of the dressing
tables, provided with turn over feet; these can be drawn out to serve as dressing
tables.
Fastened to the exterior corners of the floors A' bolts a² are fastened, round which
the buffer covers a provided with an enlarged base plate a³ are bedded so as to allow
of their revolving. In the cover a a spring is inserted and on its top end a cap
encircling the cover a. The guide rail 2 fastened to the cap has a groove into
which the stretcher may be placed for being pushed into the waggon. In the centre
part A, seven T-shaped standards Z reaching from the floor A to the roof J are
arranged, between which boards S for sitting on (and fitted with rollers to their corners)
which are connected to the chains f¹ move up or down, and upon which either slightly
wounded may sit or severely wounded be bedded lying on stretchers. To the four
corners of the seat boards S similar buffers with covers a are screwed and are connected
together in pairs by means of similar guide rails 2. In the bearings u which are
fastened to the underside of the waggon floor the shafts (axles spindles) ware
fastened to allow of their revolving, these axles are on their projecting ends shaped
into a square. On these shafts w are toothed wheels w¹ and chain pulleys w².the
former of which gear with each other. Around the latter 102 runs a chain f¹ one
end of which fastens to the hook fixed to the traverse T and the other end
hooks on to a hook / fastened to the seat board S.
On putting a handle upon the square end of the shaft w and turning round, then
the chains roll themselves round the pulleys 2 raising the seat board to any desired
height. It is fixed at the required height by dropping the pawl into the ratchet
wheel which is keyed upon the shaft w.
To put the stretcher into the waggon the rails 62 must be turned out about 90° in
this position they become secured, by the dropping of pins s into a hole bored into
the bolts a². The pin goes into a case s which rests on the floor of the
waggon, as 'a- fixture and partly encloses the bolt a². The stretcher is placed into
the guides of the rails 2 and pushed into the waggon either upon the seat board S
let down or upon the floor of the waggon A'. Of course the arrangement has
been made in such a manner, that the rails 62 fastened to the seat board S lie on
a level with the turned out rails 62 when the board is as low down as possible.

page_text: Also the stretcher must be first put on the seat board S in order to be able to
bed on the floor A' after the raising of the board.
The stretchers m forming the side walls of the middle part A consist essentially
of the longitudinal bars a n' the tubes p and the canvas laid around the
longitudinal bars a n'. The connection of the bars n n' with the tubes p is made
in the following manner.
T
Through the hole n of the tube neck p' and the boring n made in the longitudinal
bar na bolt o is placed round which the connecting tube p revolves. In the tube pa
spiral spring is arranged fastened to which is a short tube s movable inside the
tube p and projecting from it. This tube has a knob or handle which projects
through a longitudinal slit in the tube p and allows of the tube a being pushed
into the tube p whilst the spring has the tendency to push the tube s out of it.
The projecting end of the tube projecia when required into the holes bored in
the bracket on the bar n. When the stretcher has to be folded up the tubes s
must be pushed into the tubes p by means of the hand grip s the latter turned
down and the now slack canvas t rolled round the bars n' n.
To each connecting tube p (see also Figs. 8, 9 and 10 enlarged details) a disc
is fastened against which another disc provided with a slit is placed. In
the disc u pins have been inserted in such a manner that they project through
the slit of the disc which is held fast by the heads of the pins u. The
tubes w are fixed to the discs and can be turned round in the direction of the
arrow 4 Fig. 8 as the slits allow of the discs being turned. The tubes to are
fixed in a vertical position by the bent over end of the hook ' which turns round the
bolt falling into the eyelet . The two tubes are connected by means of canvas
which serves on the one side as a rest for the feet and on the other as a support for the
head and to assist the latter a second canvas sheet is spread from the canvas t to the
upper ends of the tubes w.
"Inside the tubes w are movable tubes w which can be drawn out and may then be
employed as feet for the stretcher or litter. These feet are connected with a
spring arranged in the tabe we whereby the feet we are drawn into the tubo re.
These feet when required are pulled by hand out of the tube wo and may be fixed in
any desired manner; as for instance by horizontal holes bored in the feet 2 in which
a pin could be inserted the ends of which projecting on either side of the feet would
bear against the end of the tube wr.
At the ends of the longitudinal bars or rods n ' eyelets or rings y are fitted in
which the carrying handles of the stretchers may be inserted. These see Fig. 22,
are provided with a spring which holds them fast in the eyelets y. There are
besides this on each longitudinal bar n n¹ two pins which are to serve the
purpose of being inserted in the slit i of the springs a' and a of the wheel frame and
so connect the stretcher m with the wheel frame.
The stretcher wheel frame consists of the wheels R the axle R with thickened
parts the springs at and a and the spindles 6 and pins 9 fastened upon the thickened
parts . Between the springs a and a are two helical springs a' held upon the
spindles by the nuts c. The springs a' and a are held together by bolts a.
Kneepieces are screwed on to the ends of the springs a and into them the
longitudinal bars n and n' of the stretcher m.
The wheel frame for the purpose of going well into a small space when not in use,
may be arranged into the position shown in Figs. 16 and 17 when the springs a' and a³
lie on a level with the axle R. To mount the stretcher for use the springs a must
be pressed upwards towards the springs a next both springs be turned round about 90°
and until the holes e in the latter are exactly over the pins g. Now loosen spring a³
and the pins 9 drop into the holes e in them and fix the springs a' a' in the position
proper for receiving the stretcher. To put the frame together, reverse the action, i.e.
the springs a are by compression detached from the pins, and next by turning them
brought on a plane with the axle R¹.
In case the stretchers should be wanted to be used as side walls for the centre part A
of the sanitary waggon, then the feet wo² are in the first instance drawn in, the tubes

page_text: are folded over and the carrying handles drawn out. Attached to the pillars of
the sanitary ambulance waggon there are, (see Figs. 20 and 21), on each four knee
shaped hooks m² and also on each four eyelets m³. Then put the handles (the two
on the same side always) of each of the stretchers the wrong way about into the
eyelets y Fig. 20 and hang each stretcher upon the knee pieces m³ by the projecting
ends 2. Next the other handles are placed the wrong way about into the eyelets y
when their projecting ends fall into the eyelets m³ and in this manner secure the
carrying bier in its proper position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A sanitary ambulance waggon within which a stretcher burdened with severely
wounded can be accommodated either upon the floor A' or upon a seat board S
adjustable in height between T uprights Z and from the sides particularized by rails 62
fastened to the floor al upon enclosed buffers a³ and revolving pon bolts a²; in the
guides of which the stretcher is inserted to be pushed into the interior of the
waggon, whilst for the purpose of laying a stretcher upon the seat board S lowered to
the floor the enclosed buffer a3 and the rail 2 are turned outwards (Fig. 3) so as to
place the stretcher into the guides of the rails 62 and then to push it along these rails
arranged on a level with the rails 2 fitted to the seat board S when the board may be
lifted to any required height by unrolling the chains on the pulley wheels w
substantially as described.
2. In an ambulance waggon such as described in Claim 1 the arrangement for
fixing or securing the raised seat-board S at any desired height comprising the drop
check-catch / falling into the check wheel " at any height as required.
3. In an ambulance waggon such as referred to in Claims 1 and 2 the arrangement
of hooks m² and eyelets m³ which permits of the stretcher handle ends to be either
hung thereon or to be pushed into position for the purpose of using the stretchers as
sides for the centre part A of the waggon.
4. The stretchers m consisting of the longitudinal rails n and n¹ and the tubes p
capable of swivelling upon pins or bolts which extend the canvas t secured to the
rails n and n¹ and are held in position by the tubes which slide within them,
dropping into the socket p2 upon the rail.
5. The arrangement on the stretcher referred to in Claim 4 of a hook * swivelling
upon the bolt the bent end of which drops into the eye h to fix the tubes w in a
vertical position.
6. A folding frame arrangement for the stretcher referred to in Claims 3, 4 and 5
constructed with springs at a loosely set upon the spindles and held in position, at
right angles to axles R by pins g which fit into the holes e in the springs a
substantially as and for the purpose described and shewn.
Dated this 19th day of May 1896.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.