Improved Means for Securing the Axles to the Springs or Under- frames of Perambulators, Bassinettes, and Children's Mail Carts.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 5th July, 1893-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Securing the Axles to the Springs or Under-
frames of Perambulators, Bassinettes, and Children's Mail Carts.
I, HARRY ISRAEL HUMPHRY, of 91, Oakfield Road, Balsall Heath, Birming-
ham, Warwickshire, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to securing the axles to the springs or under-
frames of perambulators bassinettes and children's mail carts.
It is at present customary to secure the said axle to the said springs or under-
frame by means of two bolts which pass through the springs or underframe and
through the axle and are each secured by a nut. In a four wheeled perambulator,
bassinette or mail cart the two axles are parallel with each other and form two
sides of a right angled parallelogram of which the springs or underframe form
the other two sides. In course of time the axles secured in this way become
loose and as the said parallelogram is then no longer rigid the axles do not
remain at right angles to the springs or underframe and the four wheeled
perambulator bassinette or mail cart will not run straight. Moreover the nuts
are liable to jar off the bolts.
By my invention the axles of either four wheeled or two wheeled perambulators
bassinettes or mail carts are so secured to the springs or underframes that the
axles cannot become loose.
In carrying out my invention I use with each of the said bolts of the axle
or axles a clip (preferably made of sheet steel, or it may be made of other
sheet metal or of cast metal) which consists of a rectangular or other shaped
base with two parallel sides projecting at about right angles with the base.
The said two parallel sides are just the proper distance apart as to admit the
spring or underframe between them and the said sides are each slotted thus
forming four claws between which the axle fits when the clip is applied as I
will now describe. The said clip is placed on the spring or underframe with
the two parallel sides of the clip projecting downwardly and gripping the sides
of the axle, and the said bolt passes through a hole in the base of the clip and
through the spring or underframe and through the axle and is secured by a nut
underneath.
In order to effectually lock the said nut on the bolt the projecting ends of
the said claws may be bent down towards each other when they will grip the
nut between them. And in order to prevent the bolt turning there may be one
or more small ribs projecting from the upper surface of the clip against one or more
sides of the bolt head."
Or instead of the said clip being applied above the axle with the claws pro-
jecting downwardly the said clip can be used under the axle with the claws
projecting upwardly and the claws are then clenched down upon the upper side of
the spring or underframe.
When one of the said clips is used with each of the said axle bolts as above
described the axle is or the axles are rigidly secured to the springs or underframe
and cannot become loose.
Dated this 4th day of October 1892
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Securing the Axles to the Springs or Under-
frames of Perambulators, Bassinettes, and Children's Mail Carts.
I, HARRY ISRAEL HUMPHRY, of 91, Oakfield Road, Balsall Heath, Birming-
ham, Warwickshire, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to securing the axles to the springs or underframes
of perambulators bassinettes and children's mail carts.
It is at present customary to secure the said springs or underframes by means of
two bolts which pass through the springs or underframe and through the axle and
are each secured by a nut. In a four wheeled perambulator, bassinette or mail
cart the two axles are parallel with each other and form two sides of a right
angled parallelogram of which the springs or underframe form the other two sides.
In course of time the axles secured in this way become loose and as the said
parallelogram is then no longer rigid the axles do not remain at right angles to the
springs or underframe and the four wheeled perambulator bassinette or mail cart
will not run straight. Moreover the nuts are liable to jar off the bolts.
By my invention the axles of either four wheeled or two wheeled perambulators
bassinettes or mail carts are so secured to the springs or underframes that the axles
cannot become loose.
I will describe my invention by referring to the accompanying drawing on
which
Fig. 1 is a general view of my invention;
Fig. 2 shews on a small scale the underframe and axles of a two wheeled
children's mail cart with my invention applied;
Fig. 3 shews a part of one of the axles with the underframe in cross section and
my invention in position ready for bending down to lock the nut and secure the
frame to the axle as shewn in Fig. 4;
Fig. 5 is a side view and Fig. 6 is an inverted plan of the same;
Fig. 7 shews a slightly modified form of my invention and
Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate an alternative method of applying my invention as
hereinafter described.
The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all the
figures of my drawing.
In carrying out my invention I use with each of the bolts A which secure the
axle B to the underframe or spring C a clip D shewn separately by Fig. 1
(preferably made of sheet steel er it may be made of other sheet metal or of cast
metal). This clip D consists of a rectangular or other shaped base d' with two
parallel sides marked respectively d d projecting at about right angles with the
based. These two parallel sides d' are as shewn just the proper distance apart
as to admit the spring or underframe C between them and the said sides a dare
each slotted at d to the proper width to admit the axle B thus forming four
claws d² d² d³ d³ as shewn in Fig. 1 between which the axle B fits when the clip D
is applied as I will now describe. The clip D is placed on the spring or under-
frame C as shewn in Fig. 3 with the two parallel sides of the clip projecting
downwardly and gripping the sides of the axle B which fits in the slot d' and the
usual bolt A passes through the hole d' in the base of the clip D and through the
spring or underframe C and through the axle B and is secured by the usual nut a
underneath. The clip D thus effectually secures the axle B at right angles to the
spring or underframe C.
In order to effectually lock the nut a¹ on the bolt A the projecting ends of the
four claws ď ď ď ď may be and by preference are bent down towards each other

page_text: as shewn in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 when they will grip the nut a¹ between them and thus
effectually lock the nut on the bolt.
In order to prevent the bolt A turning there may be one or more small ribs such
as d d (see Fig. 7) projecting from the upper surface of the clip D against one or
more sides of the bolt head a*.
Or instead of the clip D being applied above the axle B with the claws d' d³
projecting downwardly as shewn in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 the clip D can as shewn
Figs. 8 and 9 be used under the axle B with the claws d' d³ projecting upwardly
and the claws are then clenched down upon the upper side of the spring or under-
frame C and lock the nut a' which is then by preference at the top.
in
When one of the clips D is used with each of the axle bolts A as above described
and shewn upon my drawing the axle B is, or the two or more axles B are, rigidly
secured to the springs or underframe C and cannot become loose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In perambulators bassinettes and children's mail-carts and in combination
with the axle or axles and the underframe or springs and the bolts which secure the
axle or axles to the underframe or springs, the employment with the said bolts of
clips such as D shaped substantially as herein before set forth and shewn so as to
clip the axle or axles and the underframe or springs and prevent the axle or axles
becoming loose, substantially as herein before set forth.
2. In perambulators bassinettes and children's mail-carts and in combination with
the axle or axles and the underframe or springs and the bolts which secure the
axle or axles to the underframe or springs, the employment with the said bolts of
clips such as D shaped substantially as hereinbefore set forth and shewn so as to
clip the axle or axles and the underframe or springs and prevent the axle or axles
becoming lopse the ends of the clips being clenched over so as to embrace and lock
the nuts of the said bolts, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
3. The manufacture and sale of clips such as D made of the shape substantially
as hereinbefore set forth and shewn for use with bolts to secure the axle or axles
to the underframe or springs of perambulatórs bassinettes and children's mail carts
as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 4th day of July 1893
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.