IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD ON TO BOBBINS, SPOOLS, CARDS, OR OTHER SIMILAR SURFACES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Weild, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD ON TO BOBBINS, SPOOLS, CARDS,
OR OTHER SIMILAR SURFACES."
Sealed the 30th April 1858, and dated the 22nd January 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Weild at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
January 1858.
I, WILLIAM WEILD, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD ON TO BOBBINS, SPOOLS,
CARDS, OR OTHER SIMILAR SURFACES," to be as follows, that is to say:
The Invention relates to machinery principally for spooling sewing thread
for the market; it consists firstly in arrangements added to the common
spooling head" to render it self-acting so far as regulating the distribution
of the thread as it is wound upon the bobbin, spool, card, or other surface, and
stopping the machine when the required quantity of thread has been wound;
secondly, it consists in arrangements and combinations of mechanism.applicable
to machines of one or more heads by which the bobbin, spool, or card when full
may be removed and replaced by an empty bolbin, spool, or card by the simple

page_text: movement of a handle; thirdly, it consists in further arrangements and com-
binations of nechanism added to those referred to under the last division, and
applicable to machines of one or more heads, which by the simple movement of
a handle will cut the thread and secure it to the full spool, and arrange the thread
so as to wind on the empty spool when the machine is again put in motion;
fourthly, it consists in arrangements by which a machine combining the
improvements herein-before referred to is rendered completely self-acting so
as to require to be supplied only with thread and empty bobbins, spools, cards,
or other surfaces. In other words the Invention may be described to consist
in mechanism operating one or more heads, by which yarn or thread may be
wound upon bobbins, spools, cards, and other similar surfaces, which mechanism
regulates the distribution of the yarn or thread, stops the winding when the
required quantity has been placed on the spool, cut the thread, and secures
the end of it to the full spool, delivers and removes the full spool, replaces it
by an empty one, leaves the thread so that it will be wound on the empty
spool, and begins to wind again, these operations continuing as long as the
machine is in motion, and is supplied with thread and empty spools. Such
is the complete self-acting machine; but as the arrangements and combina-
tions of mechanism for cach operation may be used separately, or as one or
more may be used with advantage without taking all of them, the Invention
consists as well in machines for winding yarn or thread on to bobbins, spools,
cards, or other similar surfaces combining one or more of the improvements con-
stituting the complete self-acting machine. The manner in which the Invention
is carried into effect is described generally as follows:-The yarn or thread is
drawn from a bobbin or swift by the rotation of the bobbin, spool, card, or
other similar surface upon which it is to be wound, and the yarn or threads
is distributed upon the spool by a traverse motion, which is regulated by a
"shaper," or its equivalent and arrangements connected with the "shaper,"
brings the winding mechanism out of geer when the spool is full, and at the
same time bring into geer a shaft, upon which a series of cams are placed.
These cams produce the requisite movements to effect the cutting of the thread
and the securing of the end of it to the full spool, to deliver the full spool
from the mechanism, to feed another empty spool, to arrange or fix the thread
so that it will wind on the empty spool, and start the winding part of the
machine. The empty bobbins, spools, cards, or other similar surfaces for each
bead are placed in a hopper or trough from which they are delivered by the
mechanism as required, one at a time.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Weild in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
July 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WEILD, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Weild, Her especial license that I, the said William Weild,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Weild, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
WINDING YARN OR THREAD ON TO BOBBINS, SPOOLS, CARDS, OR OTHER SIMILAR
SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Weild, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Weild, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to machinery principally for spooling sewing thread
for the market, and consists, firstly, in arrangements added to the common
spooling head to render it self-acting so far as regulating the distribution of
the thread as it is wound upon the bobbin, spool, card, or other surface, and
stopping the machine when the required quantity of thread has been wound;
secondly, it consists in arrangements and combinations of one or more heads,
by which the bobbin, spool, or card when full may be removed and replaced
by an empty bobbin, spool, or card by the simple movement of a handle;
thirdly, it consists in further arrangements and combinations of mechanism
added to those referred to under the last division, and applicable to machines

page_text: of one or more heads, which by the simple movement of a handle will cut the
thread and secure it to the full spool, and arrange the thread so as to wind
on the empty spool when the machine is again put in motion; fourthly, it
consists in arrangements by which a machine combining the improvements
herein-before referred to, is rendered completely self-acting, so as to require
to be supplied only with thread, and empty bobbins, spools, cards, or other
similar surfaces. In other words, the Invention may be described to consist
in mechanism operating on one or more heads, by which yarn or thread may
be wound upon bobbins, spools, cards, and other similar surfaces, which
mechanism regulates the distribution of the yarn or thread, stops the winding
when the required quantity has been placed on the bobbin, spool, card, or
other similar surface, cuts the thread, and secures the end of it in an incision
which is made in the end of the full bobbin, spool, or other similar surface,
delivers and removes the full bobbin, spool, card, or other similar surface,
replaces it by an empty one, leaves the thread so that it will be wound on
the empty bobbin, spool, card, or other similar surface, and begins to wind
again, these operations continuing as long as the machine is in motion and
is supplied with thread and empty bobbins, spools, cards, or other similar
surfaces. Such is the complete self-acting machine; but as the arrangements
and combinations of mechanism for each operation may be used separately, or
as one or more may be used with advantage without taking all of them,
the Invention consists also in machines for winding yarn or thread on to
bobbins, spools, cards, and other similar surfaces containing one or more of
the improved combinations of mechanism constituting the complete self-acting
machine.
The manner in which the Invention is carried into effect is described
generally as follows:-The yarn or thread is drawn from a bobbin by the
rotation of the bobbin, spool, card, or other similar surface upon which it is
to be wound, and is distributed upon the spool by a traverse motion, which
is regulated by a shaper or its equivalent and arrangements connected with
the shaper, bring the winding mechanism out of geer when the spool is full,
and at the same time bring into geer a shaft upon which a series of cams are
placed. These cams produce the requisite movements to effect the cutting of
the thread and the securing of the end of it to the full bobbin, spool, or other
similar surface to deliver the full bobbin, spool, card, or other similar surface
from the mechanism to feed another empty bobbin, spool, card, or other
similar surface, to arrange or fix the thread so that it will wind on the empty
bobbin, spool, card, or other similar surface, and start the winding part of the
machine. The empty bobbins, spools, cards, or other similar surfaces for each

page_text: head are placed in a hopper or trough, from which they are delivered by the
mechanism as required, one at a time, to each spooling head.
I shall now proceed to describe one arrangement and combination of
mechanism made according to my Invention, by which the operations, herein-
before referred to, are performed wholly by self-acting means, by which
mechanism two spools are always in each winding head at the time the yarn
or thread is being wound on to the spool to be filled; one of the spools is
that which was last filled, and the other is that to be filled. The yarn or
thread passes from the spool last filled, and is partly wound on the spool to bo
next filled before it is cut from that previously filled. This machine is
exhibited by those Sheets of the Drawings numbered from 1 to 14.
Sheet 1 exhibits one-sixth of the real size by Fig. 1, a front elevation, and
by Fig. 2, plan view of a machine of six heads, complete. The covers for
guarding the geering and the boxes for receiving the full spools are shewn
applied to three heads of the machinc, but are supposed removed or broken
away from the other three heads of the machine.
Sheet 2 exhibits one-sixth of the real size by Fig. 3, an outside elevation of
the driving end of the machine, and by Fig. 4, a corresponding view of the
opposite end, and by Fig. 5, a sectional elevation on a line from about the
point marked a to that marked 6 on Fig. 2, and by Fig. 6, a sectional eleva-
tion through the headstock on a line from about the point marked c to that
marked d, Fig. 2, and by Fig. 7, a sectional elevation through the operating
parts of one head on a line passing from about a point marked c to one
marked f, Fig. 2, and by Fig. 8, a sectional elevation on a line from about
a point marked g to one marked h, Fig. 2.
Sheet 3 exhibits full size by Fig. 9, an end view of some of the operating
parts of one head, and by Fig. 10 a front view of the same parts.
Sheet 4 exhibits full size by Fig. 11, a sectional elevation of the operating
parts of one head on a line from a point marked e to one marked f, Fig. 2.
Sheet 5 exhibits full size by Fig. 12, a front view, partly in section, of tho
right and left handed screw for effecting the traverse motion to lay on the
thread and other mechanism connected with it.
Sheet 6 exhibits full size by Fig. 13, a sectional elevation of part of the
headstock on a line drawn from a point marked c to one marked d, Fig. 2.
Sheet 7 exhibits full size by Fig. 14, a plan view of parts in the headstock.
Sheet 8 exhibits full size by Fig. 15, a plan view of the driving pulleys,
geering, changing cam shaft, and other parts.
Sheet 9 exhibits full size by Fig. 16, a section of four cams, and also the
levers
upon which they act in their respective positions, as well as the wheels

page_text: driving the shaft on which the cams are placed. These cams give the move-
ments to the spindles on which the spools are placed, and to the cradle which
receives the empty spool, and pushes it off the spindle when full, and also the
movement which starts the winding part of the machine when the changes
are completely effected.
Sheet 10 exhibits full size by Fig. 17, a front view of the cams and levers
shewn by Fig. 16 arranged in their relative positions.
Sheet 11 exhibits full size by Fig. 18, a front view, and by Fig. 19 a
section, the cam for actuating the spindle upon which the spool is placed when
the thread is wound upon it.
Sheet 12 exhibits full size by Fig. 20, a front view, and by Fig. 21 a section,
the cam which actuates the cradle or part which receives the empty spool, and
pushes the full spool from the spindle.
Sheet 13 exhibits full size by Fig. 22, a front view, and by Fig. 23 a section,
the cam which actuates the spindle which receives the full spool and discharges
it when the next spool is filled, and by Fig. 24 a front view, and by Fig. 25 a
section, the can for giving the movement to the "shaper" cam shaft, which
movement releases the escape plate on the belt changing cam shaft. The
cam shewn by the Figures 18 and 19, 20 and 21, 22 and 23, 24 and 25, are
the four cams represented in Figures 16 and 17; Sheet 13 also exhibits full
size by Fig. 26 a front view, and by Fig. 27 a section, the cam which actuates
the brake that stops when full, the motion of the geering, which gives rotatory
motion to the spools, and by Fig. 28 a front view, and by Fig. 29 a section,
the escape plate on the belt changing cam shaft.
Sheet 14 exhibits full size by Fig. 30, a front view, and by Fig. 31 a
section, the cam that actuates the mechanism which feeds the empty spools to
the position to be filled, and by Fig. 32 a front view, and by Fig. 33 a section,
the cam that actuates the point which assists in fixing the thread in the
incision made in the edge of the spool; Fig. 33 also shews a wheel and the
cam represented by Figs. 30 and 31, as fixed on the shaft, giving rotating
motion to them. As the same letters and figures of reference will be used
for the same and corresponding parts throughout this description, it will not
be necessary to point out in every case the Figures of the Drawings in which
the parts referred to may be found. The character of the mechanical ex-
pedients used in the headstock of the machine about to be described, are
similar in principle to those used in the headstock of the self-acting mule for
spinning known as Sharp, Roberts, & Co. The framing of the machine is
marked with the capital letter A. The first motion shaft a is driven by a belt
which works upon three pulleys, and so long as the belt is in motion, the

page_text: machine is at work. The belt working upon the three pulleys is driven from
a countershaft, the rotating motion of which is stopped when the machine has
to cease working. The rod (a) being the stopping rod is placed in uprights
fixed in the framing of the machine, and is arranged so as to slide endways,
being connected by a lever with the strap guide of the countershaft. One of
the pulleys (a) on the first motion shaft (a) is fast upon it; another (a), (the
middle one) is loose on the shaft, it has a long boss upon which a spur wheel
(a) is secured; another pulley (a) is loose on the boss of the middle pulley,
and it has also a spur wheel (a) secured on its boss. The driving belt is
always partly upon the middle pulley (a³), so that rotating motion may be always
imparted to a shaft (6), upon which a friction pulley (6') is placed for giving
the movement to the belt changing cam shaft, the friction pulley (61) being
secured to a spur wheel (62) fixed on the shaft (6), which wheel geers with the
wheel (a*)
on the boss of the middle driving pulley (a). When the driving
belt is on the pulley (a) which is fast on the shaft (a), the thread is being
wound on to the spools, and when it is on the inside pulley (as) the cam shafts
are in motion that effect the required changes of the spools. The driving belt is
traversed upon the pulleys by a guide (a) which is placed on a rod (a) made
to slide in bearings attached to the framing, and this rod has the required
movements imparted to it by a cam (b) fixed on the belt changing cam shaft
(6), which acts upon an antifriction bowl placed on a stud fixed in a lever (b*),
which works on a fulcrum formed by a stud in the framing. This lever (b*)
is connected with the sliding rod (as). The belt changing cam shaft (b)
receives motion when the escape plate (5) fixed upon it is liberated. This
escape plate (b) has two projecting pieces (a) on one side, which catch upon a
corresponding projection formed on a lever called the escape plate lever (6º),
which moves upon a fulcrum formed by a stud (b) fixed in the framing (A).
The movement of this lever (60) in one direction frees one projection on the
escape plate (6) from that on the lever (6), and allows the escape plate (5)
to rotate or partly rotate, but the movement of the escape lever (6) out of the
way of one projection is into the way of the other projection on the escape plato
(); consequently, the rotating motion of the escape plate (b) is stopped
at each projection upon it, and a movement of the escape lever (6º) is
always necessary before the escape plate (65) is liberated. A pin is placed in
the escape plate (b) on one side for each projection (a) on the other side, and
upon each of these pins (2), as they are successively brought round by the
rotation of the belt cam shaft (6), a spring acts. This spring 6, is secured at eno
end to the framing (see Fig. 6 and 13), the other end is bent or inclined, so that
when the escape plate (b) is held by the escape plate lever (6º) the incline part

page_text: of the spring (3) rests against one of the pins 2, as shown in Fig. 13, and
when so arranged immediately the escape plate is liberated, the spring &
forces the escape plate (6) round in the direction pointed by the arrow (sce
Fig. 13). The object of this movement on the part of the spring (6) is to cause
the contact pulley (°) on the belt changing cam shaft (b) to bite upon the
friction pulley (1), which thus rotates the belt changing cam shaft (*) till it
it is arrested by the contract of the stops or projections on the escape plate (6)
and escape plate lever (6). The contract pully (69) on the belt changing cam
shaft () is placed so near the friction pulley ('), that a portion of the periphery
of the contract pulley (60) has to be removed, so that the friction pulley (61) can
revolve without contact at those points where the belt changing cam shaft (6)
is to stand. The friction pulley (64) is faced with leather, and is only so near
the periphery of the contact pulley (69) on the belt changing cam shaft (b) as
will give the leather surface of the friction pulley (61) sufficient adhesion to
rotate the belt cam shaft (6). The belt cam shaft (64) may be made to effect
two successions of changes or operations of the machine by one rotation, and
in the Drawings in Figs. 1 to 8 the cams on this shaft and the escape plate
(b) are shewn as if the belt changing cam shaft (64) was so arranged; but it is
found that the adjustments with such an arrangement require to be very
accurate, more so than when the belt changing cam shaft (*) makes only one
series of changes for one rotation. The cams and escape plate shown in the
Drawings full size are designed for one revolution of the belt cam shaft b
only for each succession of changes in the machine. Upon the first motion
shaft (a) a spur wheel (a) is fixed, on the side of which a pulley surface is
formed, upon which a belt (a) acts, the ends of which are attached to a
lever a fixed on a stud a in the framing; the ends of the belt (a) aro
secured to bolts which pass through holes in the arms of the lever a", by
which means the tightness of the belt (a) is adjusted. This arrangement
forms a brake, which is brought into operation to stop the driving shaft (a)
the moment the spools are full, and at the same instant the driving belt is
traversed from the fast pulley. The lever a" is actuated by a car 10 (shewn
full size by Fig. 26 and 27), fixed upon the belt changing cam shaft (6), so
that at the first movement of this shaft when the spools are full, the brake is
tightened, and at the second movement it is slackened. The spur wheel a
geers with an intermediate wheel (a¹³), which conveys the motion to a wheel C¹
on a shaft (c), which extends the entire length of the machine, upon this
shaft (c) the wheels (c²) are fixed that geer with those (c) which drive the
spindles that rotate the spools. As all the six spooling heads are alike, a
description of one of them will be sufficient. Two views of one head are

page_text: shewn by Fig. 9 and 10, Sheet 3. A bracket or headstock (c) is bolted to
the front beam A of the framing; this bracket carries the shaft (c), giving
motion to the spindle () for rotating the spool and the sliding bar (d) which
traverses the distributing or thread guide, and the shaft (e) on which are fixed
the arms which carry the knives that cut the thread, and a circular block (c)
forming the bearings for the three sliding rods c, f and g, and an hollow
shaft (), upon which a wheel is fixed, which geers with a wheel (c) fixed
on the shaft c. The hollow shaft (c) works in bushes carried by the bracket
, and the wheel is protected by a cover (c). The two pins c* are to
prevent dirt from entering the holes made for oiling. The spindle fits into
the hollow shaft (c), so as to slide through it, having a longitudinal key
groove by which and the key it is carried round with the hollow shaft (c³).
One end of the spindle fits into the end of an arm (c¹0) secured to the
sliding rod c', in which arm (c) the spindle is free to rotating motion; the
other end of the spindle c³ is reduced in size, as shewn in Fig. 10, so as to
pass into the hole formed through the axis of the spool. The blade of tho
spindle may be made split, so as to enter the spool easily, and then
expand, or it may be made with spear edges; it is made long enough to pass
through the hole formed in one spool and partly into that in the other
spool, so that both spools are certain to be rotated. The spool which is last
filled is passed on to another spindle (f), carried in an arm (f) fixed on the
sliding rod f. This spindle (f) is free to rotating motion. The bracket f³
secured to the front beam is for the purpose of preventing the spool on the
spindle f from moving with it, when the spindle (f') is to be withdrawn, and
the spool discharged. The part 9' is a cradle, upon which the empty spool is
pushed, which is next to be placed upon the spindle ; this cradle (9') also
answers to push the spool that is plled from the spindle to the discharging
spindle (f), the cradle also carries a knife, which makes an incision in the
edge of the spool (into which the thread is afterwards secured) when the
cradle is in the act of pushing the full spool from one spindle to the other. This
incision kr.ife is shewn in dotted line in Fig. 10, the Figure 2 being placed oppo-
site to its edge. The knife is secured against the side of the cradle by a wedge
bolt (); brackets are fixed to the traverse bar (d), which carry a short shaft
(d) having two arms, to one of which (d) the thread guide is secured, which is
formed similar to those used in hand-spooling machines; to the other arm (d³)
a rod (d) is jointed, through which force may be conveyed to the thread guide
to press upon the spool, or motion may be given to hold or lift the guide from
the spool. Force to press the thread guide upon the spool may be also given by
means of a spiral spring () wound round the shaft d', one end of it being

page_text: fixed in one bearing of the shaft (d'), the other end secured to the arm d
carrying the thread guide. One of the brackets carrying one end of the
thread guide shaft (d') also carries a brush (d), which serves to put friction
on the thread as it passes from the bobbin to the spool to be filled, and to
prevent it from becoming slack between the brush and thread guide. The
mechanism of each spooling head having been explained, and the manner of
giving rotating motion to it, the arrangements for producing and regulating the
traverse movements which distribute the thread upon the spools will be next
described. For this purpose, reference is made to Figs. 12, 13, and 14
(respectively, Sheets 5, 6, and 7). The part h is an head stock, in which a
shaft has suitable bearings; this shaft has a fine screw thread formed upon
it, one half the screw thread being contrary in direction to the other half-
This screw shaft (1) bas rotating motion imparted to it from the shaft c, which
has a bearing in the headstock (h) by spur wheels c", cs, and h, the wheel (c)
being an intermediate or carrier, which is arranged to facilitate a ready change
of wheels, so that the rotations of the screw shaft (h¹) in relation to the
shaft (c) may be varied as required. Immediately below the screw shaft (h')
is a round rod (d), which slides in bearings formed in the headstock (h); this
rod is jointed with the traverse bar (d), so that all movements imparted to the
round rod (d) are conveyed to the traverse bar (d). Upon the round rod (d)
a T-formed piece (h³) is fitted, which is free to oscillating movements, being
prevented from moving endways on the round rod (d) by two collars (ds and
d) which are fixed by pins to the rod (d'). At each end of the boss part of
the T-formed piece (h³) arms (h*) are fixed, which carry portions of a nut or
pieces having a segment of internal screw thread. The screw threads of these
pieces correspond to the screw thread respectively opposite to them on the
screw or shaft (¹), and by oscillating the part (h) the screw nut pieces will be
alternately brought in geer or contact with their respective screw threads on
the shaft (h), and consequently in this case when the shaft (h) is rotated,
the round rod (d) will receive reciprocating movements. Similar mechanism
to this is employed in hand spooling machines, but the oscillating movements
to bring cach nut thread alternately in contact with the screw shaft (h) has to
be regulated by hand, but by this Invention it is rendered perfectly self-acting.
In the oscillating T-formed part (h³) projecting horizontally from the round
rod (d) a part (h) is fixed, so as to be adjustable; this part (5) partakes of
the oscillating movements, and is hereinafter called the tail piece. Two
springs (h) are fixed to the headstock (h), one at one side, and the other at
the other side; the free ends of these springs touch the part (h³), when it is
middle position, one spring rests against the upper, the other against the lower

page_text: side.
That part with which the end of the springs (h) come in contact, is
bevilled or inclined, consequently if the part h³ is moved to one side out of its
middle position, the end of that spring, towards which it moves, will run up
one incline; this creates a force in the spring thus acted upon, and if it is the
upper spring, it will exert a pressure to force that part of the piece (³) pro-
jecting from the round rod (d') downwards, and if the lower spring, vice versa.
This is the manner in which the force is generated that produces the oscilla-
tions in the part (h) to change the direction of the traverse, and it is thus
clear that a force is always ready and waiting to produce the reverse oscilla-
tion. The times of the oscillations of the tail piece (h), and the lengths of
the traverse, are governed by the following arrangements:—
Another headstock h is placed at right angles to that marked h carrying
the screwed shaft (h'), which carries a bar (h³), arranged so as to be free to
slide endways; and to this bar a plate (P) is fixed, which is adjustable on
the slide bar (3) endways. One end of this plate projects past the end of the
slide bar ($), and it is the end of this plate which governs the length of the
traverse movements and the times of the oscillations, as the tail piece (h) is on
one side of the shaper plate (h), when one screw nut is in geer with its thread
on the screw shaft, and vice versa when the other screw nut is in geer with its
thread on the screw shaft; consequently cach nut is held in geer with its
screw thread till the tail piece (h) has traversed across the breadth of tho
plate (h), and when free from the edge of the plate one of the springs ho, as
the case may be, will produce the oscillation which will reverse the traverse.
Now if this shaper plate (h) was made parallel in breadth, or if it remained in
the same place, the extent of traverse each way would be uniform, but a spool
is bevilled at the ends, and requires a short traverse to begin with, which must
be gradually extended. This varied extent of traverse is obtained by making
the end of the shaper plate (h) taper, and by moving it endways any length
of traverse may be obtained between the least and greatest breadths of tho
plate (h). When the spool commences to be filled, the slide bar (48) is drawn
to its furthest distance from the tail piece (h), which then has the least
breadth of the shaper plate (°) to traverse over, but as the spool fills, the slide
bar (h) is gradually slided forward, presenting increasing breadths of plate (hº)
for the tail piece (h³) to traverse over.
The position of the sliding bar (5) is regulated in the following manner :-
The end of the sliding bar (5) is jointed with the escape plate lever (*),
and this lever is pressed upon by a spring (6") fixed to the headstock part,
consequently the lever tends to draw the slide bar (8) always in one direction.
This action of the spring (6") is resisted by a stud or pin (h), fixed so as to

page_text: be adjustable in the slide bar (h), which pin rests against the face of a cam (i),
fixed on the end of a shaft i, carried in bearings in the headstock (h); the
rotation of the shaft (i) will cause the cam (¹) to draw the slide bar (h³) for-
ward, and will allow it to be pulled back by the force of the spring (") at
the time required. It will be quite clear that by giving the requisite shape to
the path of this cam (¹), any breadth of plate (h°) may be presented to the
tail piece (h) between the least and greatest, and thus any required length of
traverse may be obtained within those limits. The shaft i receives inter-
mittent movements once during each backward and forward movement of the
transverse bar (d) in the following manner:-A ratchet wheel (*) is placed on
the shaft i, and is attached to a disc fast on this shaft, the ratchet wheel being
adjustable on the disc, concentric slots being provided for the purpose. This
ratchet wheel () is divided into teeth, gradually increasing in pitch as the
traverse is short to begin with, and gradually increases in length. An arm
(2) is also placed loose upon the shaft (i) which carries a click that works
upon the teeth of the ratchet wheel (2), and this arm (0) has a pin or stud
in it which enters in a vertical slot formed in a projection from the oscillating
part (h³); consequently the arm has movements imparted to it corresponding
to those given to the traverse bar (d), and every oscillation of the arm thus
produced will advance the ratchet wheel (*) one tooth. When the last layer
of thread is being wound upon the spool, the ratchet wheel (*) is receiving
its last movement which causes the escape plate lever (66) to be drawn so
far back as to liberate the escape plate (63); consequently from the resulting
changes the winding of the spool ceases, and the mechanism is brought into
operation that changes a full spool for an empty one, and when these
operations are completed the shaft i receives a movement which is given by a
cam () (shewn full size by Figs. 24 and 25) on the cam shaft m, which
acts upon an antifriction bowl in a lever () which has its fulcrum at u; this
lever transmits its movement through connecting rod (2) which is jointed
with an arm (7) free on the shaft i, to which arm (7) a click is jointed that
works upon the ratchet wheel (*). The movement produced by the cam (*)
completes the revolution of the shaft (i), and at the same time the shape of
the path of the cam (), allows the pin (h) in the shaper slide bar (hs) to be
brought back to that part of the cam (¹), upon which it rests at the
commencement of the filling of the spools, by the force of the spring (6")
acting upon the escape plate lever (60); consequently the escape plate (65) is
liberated, and the belt cam (b) traverses the belt on to the fast driving pulley
(a) simultaneously with the back movement of the slide bar (h) produced
by the force of the spring (6"), the traverse bar (d) is moved into the correct

page_text: position for the filling of the empty spool. To allow of this adjustment of the
traverse bar (d) neither of the screw nuts carried by the arms (h) should be
brought in contact with the thread on the screw shaft (h'), and to do this
the tail piece (5) must be kept in the centre of its arc of oscillation till the
adjustment of the traverse bar is effected; this is accomplished by a slide bar
A placed to slide endways and parallel to the shaper slide bar h³; upon this
slide bar (h) a spring () is made to press to give friction to prevent it from
moving accidentally; a pin (¹) fixed in the side of the shaper slide bar ³ in
its movements plays in a notch or recess formed in the slide bar "; this pin
(3) comes in contact with one end of the notch previous to the last movement
of the cam shaft (i) when the spool is nearly full and both slide bars (½³ and
") are thus carried forward together by the last movement of the cam shaft
(i) when the spool is full. The slide bar " in this position just reaches
under the tail piece (h³) as shewn in Fig. 13. The tail piece (h) rests
just on the upper edge of the shaper plate (°); when the spool is filled and
one of the springs (h) is acting to force it down below to the under side of the
shaper plate (°) till the changes of the spools are effected, and the back
movement of the slide bar (3) begins, and at the instant this occurs it is
liberated; the spring (h) forces it down, but it is arrested by the slide bar
h" as shown in Figure 13, and remains held in this position till the pin h¹³ in
the shaper slide bar (h³) comes against the other end of the notch or recess in
the slide bar " which draws it back and thus releases the tail piece (h),
when it is forced completely down by the spring (4) then acting. The slide
bar h does not move from the position in which it is brought by the back
movement of the shaper slide bar (h) till the pin (13) comes to the other end
of the notch or recess, when the movements are repeated as herein-before
described, simultaneously with the backward movement of the shaper slide bar
(); and while the tail piece (h) is held in the position shown in Fig. 13,
the adjusting movement of the traverse bar (d) takes place, in fact both are
produced by the same movement and force, namely, the escape plate lever
spring (6). This is accomplished as follows:-The stud forming the joint
pin between the shaper slide bar (5) and escape plate lever (60) is extended
on one side, and to it is jointed one end of a rod (¹), the other end of which
rests against and upon a projection from the headstock (h); this end is
bevilled or inclined to correspond with the incline of the shaper plate (h), and
this incline on the end of the rod (½") acts against a pin fixed in the collar
(d) on the round rod (d'); when the rod (4") is drawn back, the incline
formed on the end of it forces the traverse bar (d) on one side, causing the side
of the tail piece (5) to keep against the side of the shaper (4°). The

page_text: arrangement of the rod (h") is best seen in Figs. 12 and 14. On the shaft i
a fine tooth ratchet wheel (23) (see Fig. 13) is placed, and a click (*)
is fixed to enter the teeth of this ratchet, which prevents the shaft i
from turning backward. A cam projection (8x) is formed on the side
of this fine toothed ratchet wheel (3), which acts on a stud in the end
of a lever (2), having its fulcrum on a stud at (210) (the stud in the lever is
kept against the cam by a spiral spring); to the other end of this lever (20) one
end of a rod (1) is jointed, the other end being jointed to an arm (7) on a
shaft going along the back of the machine. Upon this shaft j other
arms j' are fixed, which are connected by rods d', adjustable in length with
the arms &, on the thread guide shafts (d'). The object of the cam piece
(*) is to produce extra pressure on the thread guide during the last few
layers to give a finished appearance to the thread. Another cam projection
(¹) (see Fig. 13) is formed on the outside of the cam (2), which acts upon a
pin fixed in a lever (e'), having its fulcrum at e, (the pin in this lever is kept
against the cam path by a spiral spring); this lever is connected to an arm (e)
on the shafte by a rod (³), the movements of the cam (*) bring the knives
(e) carried on arms (e³), fixed on this shaft e against the spool which is being
filled with thread, and thus cuts the threads which connects the spool last filled
with the that in the process of filling. Any slight incision made in the spool
by the knife is covered by the thread wound upon the spool. The shaper cam
shaft (i) is turned by hand when required by a handle fitting on the square
part formed at the outside end of it, and the belt changing cam shaft () is
also turned by hand when required by the band wheel (b) fixed on the end of
it. When the full spool is being changed for an empty one, the driving belt
is on the inside pulley (a), as before stated, and rotating motion is conveyed
from the wheel (a) on the boss of it to the changing cam shaft as follows:-
The spur wheel a geers with one (k') on one end of a countershaft (k), on tho
other end of which a spur pinion () is placed, which geers with a wheel (k)
on the changing cam shaft (7), that extends the length way of the machine; a
bevel wheel () on the end of the latter shaft geers with one (m³) on the
changing cam shaft (m) placed across the headstock part of the machine.
The parts exhibited by Fig. 11 (Sheet 4) will be next described.
The empty
spools to be filled with yarn or thread are placed in an inclined trough (n), as
represented in dotted line in Fig. 11. In the lower end of this trough (n) a
receptacle is provided for a ram (n¹), which regulates the descent of the spools
and pushes them on to the cradle (9¹) when required. After having fed an
empty spool the ram (¹) withdraws into the position in which it is shewn in
Fig. 11, in that position it will obstruct the descent of the empty spools, but

page_text: when an empty spool is to be fed it is drawn back, the spools descend, that
which is first is prevented from moving forward by a spring (n) fixed to the
bottom of the ram part of the trough (n). The ram (n') obtains its move-
ments from a cam (n³), shewn full size by Figures 30 and 31 on the shaft (?),
which acts upon a lever or arm (n) from the shaft (n), which has arms (nº)
upon it (one for each head), which are connected to the rains (n') by a
link (n) jointed to each.
The cam (o'), (same as that shewn full size by Figures 26 and 27) on the
end of the belt changing cam shaft (b) acts upon an antifriction bowl on a
stud in the end of an arm (0%), secured on a shaft (0%), going along the back of
the machine, upon which arms (0*) are secured, that act against adjustable
collars (o) fixed on the rods (d') attached to the arms (d³), from the
thread guide shafts (d'), the object of the cam o¹ being to lift the
thread guides from the spools when a full spool is to be substituted for an
empty one.
On the side of the trough (n) a slide bar (p¹) is fitted free to move end-
ways, which carries a point (P), that is brought by cam action against the full
spool, when it has been forced on the receiving spindle (f') by the crade (9'),
the point (p) being for the purpose of preventing the thread which by the move-
ment of the cradle is drawn off the end of the spool, from uncoiling beyond the
incision made by the knife in the edge of the spool, and it also acts as a guide
to the entrance of the thread into the incision. The point slide bars (p') are
actuated by arms (p²) on a shaft (p3) extending the length of the machine.
This shaft (8) being actuated by the cam (p) (shewn full size by Figures 32
and 33) on the shaft l, which acts through a lever (p) on the shaft n³,
connecting rod (p), and arm (p'), upon the end of the shaft (p³).
The correct entrance of the thread into the incision made in the spool is
further secured by a bent piece of wire (p), carried by the end of a lever (p'),
having its fulcrum on the side of the ram box (n). This wire is bent to pass
the end of the spool, and it assumes two positions; one as shewn in full line
when not in action, the other in dotted line when it has pressed the thread
down opposite the incision; both these positions are shewn in Fig. 11. The
lever (p) on which the bent wire (2³) is fixed, is actuated from the ram (n').
The pin forming the joint of ram (¹) and connecting link (7), extending on
one side so as to enter an incline slot formed in the end of the lever (p°), 50
that the back movement of the ram (n), which takes place to allow a spool to
descend from the trough (2), will cause the bent wire end of the lever (2º) to
be depressed, which rises again when the ram (¹) is pushed forward to feed
the empty spool, the edge of which forces the thread into the incision, so that

page_text: when the empty spool is pushed into the correct position on the cradle (9¹) for
the spindle (c) to pass through the hole in it, the thread will be held between
the ends of the full and empty spool, and when the spool is rotated the thread
will wind on to the empty spool, upon which it will be secured after the first
layer, when the thread may be cut, which is accomplished by the knife e,
actuated by the cam * on the side of the fine toothed ratchet wheel is.
The Diagram (Fig. 11), will explain more clearly the operations last
described.
The spool which has been filled and pushed on to the receiving spindle
(f), is marked 1; the point (p) is shewn against it, and the bent wire (28)
is represented by dotted line; the direction of the thread before the empty
spool is fed is represented by the line 3; the empty spool is shewn entering by
dotted line, and when in its correct position by full line being marked 4. The
direction of the thread after the empty spool has taken its correct position, is
shewn by the peculiar dotted line passing between the full and empty spool.
The double lines marked 5 represent the cut made by the knife e to sever
the thread; this cut as before stated is covered by the thread wound over it
when the spool is filled. The knife fixed on the cradle (9') is represented in
this Figure (11), and is marked (2).
The thread or yarn to be wound on to the spools is drawn from a bobbin
(2), carried by a bracket (2'), attached to the framing; the axis of the bobbin
in this case is placed in an horizontal position, and is free to rotate excepting
the friction put upon it, to give a certain amount of tension to the thread.
The bracket (1) carrying the bobbin (9) also carries a part (2), hinged on a
fulcrum at (3); this part (2) extends over the bobbin (7), and is merely for
the purpose of preventing the thread from getting over the end of it; as the
thread is drawn off the thread passes from the bobbin (q), in the direction
shewn in Fig. 11, under a rod or guide (7), which keeps it in the brush (d³),
then to the thread guide and on to the spool: Retarding friction is put upon
the bobbins (9), by an endless band (95), which passes round a grooved pulley
(2), fixed on the spindle forming the axis of each bobbin (9), a pin in the
grooved pulley (2°) entering a hole in the end of the bobbin (7), so that both
rotate together; this endless band (2) also passes round a grooved pulley
(7) on the changing cam shaft (l), as shewn in Figure 4, Sheet 2, where it
will be seen that a loop is formed in the band (2), upon which a weight (2)
is hung to give the friction required.
The object of this arrangement is to wind up the slack thread given off by
the momentum of the bobbin (9), when the rotation of the spools is suddenly
stopped by the brake, the rotating motion of the cam shaft 1 causing the

page_text: bobbins (g) to be rotated backwards till the slack thread is taken up, then
the endless bands (2) slip in the grooved pulley (9). If a thread is slack
when the winding is started a check is given that breaks it; the action of the
endless band (73) obviates this objection. In place of the spiral springs (d)
on the shaft (d') of the thread guides, which may be dispensed with, the
pressure may be put up upon the spools by a weight (7), shewn in Figure 6.
(Sheet 2, which is suspended to a cord or chain passing over a pulley (710) on
a stud in the framing, the end being secured to the end of the arm (¿¹²) of
the shaft (). A pulley (r) is shewn in Figure 6, which has a plain rim with
one notch in it, in which a catch is arranged to enter when it arrives at the
point where the rotating motion of the cam shaft (m) is to cease; this prevents
the cam shaft from being carried too far by the momentum it acquires when
in motion; the click or catch is connected with an arm from the belt cam
lever (6), which is connected with the belt rod guide (a³), so that the move-
ment which traverses the belt to the pulley (a), giving motion to the cam
shafts, simultaneously lifts the click from the notch in the pulley (2), and thus
releases and allows it freely to rotate. Boxes (s) are made in front of the
machine to receive the full spools as they are delivered, and a board t is also
placed at the upper part of the machine, which forms a table to place the
thread bobbins upon, acting also to cover the mechanism below it.
It now remains only to describe the order in which the operations are
performed, which are required to fill a spool with yarn or thread, discharge
the full spool, and replace it by an empty one. Assuming, the machine has
just commenced to fill the empty spools, the driving belt is then on the fast
pulley (a), and during the time the spools are filling, the threads passing
from the full spools to those in the process of filling are cut by the
knives (e), actuated by the cam projection (*) on the shaft i, and the
cam projection (*), also on this shaft (i), acts during the last few
layers to give pressure to the thread guides (d) upon the spools, and
as soon as the last layer of thread has been wound upon the spools,
the escape plate (6) is released, and the first movement of the belt
changing cam shaft (*) occurs, which traverses the driving belt on to tho
inside pulley (a) that gives motion to the changing cam shafts (I and m),
and causes the cam (610) to apply the brake and the cam o', (both of the same
shape, shewn full size by Figures 26 and 27,) to lift and hold up the thread
guides (d) from the spools so as to be just clear of them. The changing cam
shafts (and m) being now in motion, the cam f* upon the shaft m (shewn
Full size by Figures 22 and 23) begins to act, and withdraws the receiving
spindles (^) from the spools upon them; which drop out of the way; the cam

page_text: then causes the receiving spindles to return to their first positions, when
the cam g³, also upon the shaft m (shewn full size by Figures 20 and 21),
causes the cradles (9') to push the full spools from the spindles con to the
receiving spindles f', the knives (2) fixed upon the cradles (9') by this move-
ment enter into the edges of the spools, and make the incisions in which tho
ends of the threads are secured. When the cradles (91) have arrived at the
end of this movement, the point cam (p) on the shaft 1, (shewn full size by
Figures 32 and 33) causes the points p to come against the spools; then the
return movement of the cradles (1) begins, and at this time the cam c¹, also
on the shaft m, begins to withdraw the spindles c, and both cradles and the
spindles arrive at the end of these movements about the same time, the cradle
(9) has then finished its movements, and the spindles c³ stand. During the
time the cradles and spindles are moving, the cam (n) upon the shaft / (shewn
full size by Figures 30 and 31) causes the rams (n¹) to make their back
movements, which allow the empty spools to descend, and this movement also
causes the bent wires (p) to press down the threads opposite the incisions
in the edges of the spools. A little time before the cradles (9¹) and spindles
(c) have arrived at the end of the movements referred to above, the cam n³
has caused the rams (n¹) to begin their forward movements, which push the
cmpty spools upon the cradles (g), when this is done the cam c causes the
spindles to pass through the holes in the axis of the spools, and by the timo
this movement has ended, the cam (p) has withdrawn the points (p), and the
cam n the rams n', into the position in which they stand when the spools are
being wound, and when the cam c begins to push the spindles into their
places, the cam i on the shaft m begins to produce the movement of the shaper
cam shaft, which is completed a moment after all the other movements.
produced by the cams on the shafts land m; this movement releases the escape
plate (6), when the belt-changing cam shafts (6) makes its second semi-
rotation, which releases the brake (a), and allows the thread guides to rest
on the empty spools, and traverses the driving belt on to the fast pulley (a2)
and the winding of the thread on the empty spools then commences; theso
operations are repeated in the order described for each set of spools filled with
thread.
Sheet 15 exhibits three views of a machine upon another modification of iny
Invention, in which three spools are in each head during the time the machine
is winding. This machine is in many respects the same as that herein-before
described and shewn in the Drawings in Sheets 1 to 14; the principal
differences between it and the machine last described, are in the mode of
drawing the thread from the bobbin, and giving tension to it in the arrange-

page_text: ment of the spooling head and parts for giving rotation to the spool, in feeding
the empty spools, and in the method of securing the ends of the thread to the
spools. The mechanism in the headstock for regulating the traverse and effecting
the changes is the same in principle as that herein-before described. But in
the machine about to be described, one new element is introduced, namely,
the stopping of the machine when a thread breaks. Fig. 34 is a front elevation;
Fig. 35, a sectional elevation of the headstock end of the machine; and Fig. 36,
a sectional elevation through the operating parts. The driving belt works on
a pulley (a), loose on the first motion shaft (a). The interior of the pulley
(a) is made conical, and a corresponding conical space is formed in the end
framing of the machine (the framing being marked A), which conical space is
concentric with the first motion shaft (a). On the first motion shaft between
the internal cone space in the driving pulley (a) and that in the framing, a
double cone (a³) is placed, as shewn, one cone fitting into the pulley (a2), the
other into the conical space formed in the framing; these cones (as) are
covered with leather to give adhesion. This double cone (a³) is free to end
motion on the first motion shaft (a), as it can slide on a fixed key, this sliding
movement being provided so that one of the double cones (a³) can be brought
in close contact with either cono space. When it is in contact with that
in the pulley (a²) it receives rotating motion from the pulley (a²), and
consequently gives this motion to the shaft (a), but if, when it has
rotating motion it be suddenly withdrawn from the pulley (a), and brought
in contact with the conical space in the framing, this latter cone space
will act as a brake to retard and stop its motion; this is the object of the
arrangement. The double cone (a³) is moved on the first motion shaft
(a) by a clutch fork lever (a*), the fulcrum of which is a stud fixed in the
end of the framing; the free end of the lever a* is connected with a spring
stop handle (a), as shewn. The action of this spring handle (a') tends to
draw the double cones (a) in contact with the conical space in the framing,
and will do so when at liberty, but when the machine is at work it is held by
a notch on the part (a), in which position the lever (a*) forces the doublo
cone (a) in contact with the pulley (a²). When a thread breaks, the handle
(a) is forced from the notch on the part (a¹) by a lever (w) placed to move
on a vertical fulcrum. The manner in which the breakage or absence of a
thread is detected, and in which the lever w is acted upon when this occurs, is
as follows:-A shaft (¹) is placed free to rotate in bearings upon the
framing, and upon it are fixed (one for each thread) cams (w²), formed on the
edge with a screw incline, that is, with one turn of one side of a screw thread;
this shaft w has rotating motion from any convenient part of the machine,

page_text: (it is driven by a belt from the shaft c). Above the shaft w another rod or
shaft is placed in bearings in the framing, and is free to end motion; the
end of this shaft or bar w' comes against one arm of the lever w, and a spring
or weight is used in connection with the lever w, which keeps the shaft or bar
w³, when not otherwise acted upon, from moving endways in that direction,
which would liberate the spring handle (a'). Upon the shaft or bar w³ cam
pieces ware placed, corresponding to those (w²) on the lower rotating shaft
(¹), the screw face of the cam pieces (w) on the upper shaft (w) being
placed opposite those on the lower shaft (w'). Each cam piece w' on the
upper shaft (w) is free to make a partial rotatory movement upon the shaft
w, but is kept from end or side movement by a collar (w) fixed on the shaft
or bar w. The rotatory movement of each cam piece (w) on the shaft or
bar is limited by a pin which comes against the collar w at a fixed point.
The cam pieces (w') on the shaft w³ are so near the fixed ones on the rotatory
shaft (w), that the face of one will come against the other, except the upper
cams (w) are kept in a certain position; if allowed to leave this position, the
face of the lower cams will come in contact with them, and cause them to
rotate as far as the stop will permit, and as the rotating cam or cams (1)
cannot pass while the other cam or cams (w) remains in this position, the
shaft or bar (w) is pushed end ways, which movement will release the stop
handle (a). It is the passing thread which keeps the cam pieces w' in the
position to allow the rotatory cams (w) to pass unobstructed. The thread
goes through a bent wire attached to each of the cams (w); if the thread is
absent, the cam (w) is allowed (being a little heavier on one side) to rotate,
so as to come in contact with the lower cam (w), and this produces the result
herein-before described. The first motion shaft (a) extends the length of the
machine, upon it a wheel (a) is placed, which goers with one (62) on the
friction pulley shaft 6, that gives the partial rotatory movement by which the
cam shaft effects the changes. 6 is the cam shaft; b, the starting spring
acting on 6', the escape plate; 6, the escape plate lever; b, its fulcrum;
hs, the slide bar to which the shaper h° is attached; i, the shaper cam shaft;
, the cam actuating the shaper slide bar h3; 61 is the spring that keeps the
shaper slide bar against the cam ; h' is the screw shaft; is the arm, free
on the shaft i, which carries the click that acts on the ratchet wheel , that
rotates the shaper cam shaft (i); is the arm upon the shaft (i), carrying
the click that gives the movement to the cam shaft i, which starts the winding
part of the machine; is the oscillating T part and tail piece (°); d is the
traverse bar; c is the shaft, which by the wheels gives motion to the wheels
, rotating the spools; c, c, and h³ are the wheels by which motion is con-

page_text: veyed from the shaft c to the screw shaft h¹; is the cam spool changing shaft
going the length way of the machine, and m is that going across the head-
stock, geered together by bevil wheels and m'; 9 and f' are the cams,
acting on the levers and fs, for producing the end movements required by
the spindles f¹ and c, on which the spools are placed. All the parts just
referred to correspond substantially to those for which similar letters and
figures of reference are used in the two-spool machine, herein-before described,
and the mechanism may be constructed in the same manner, and that
mechanism used in the two-spool machine, which is not shewn in the Drawings
by the Figures on Sheet 15 may be added, except where modified, as herein-
after explained. The shafts and c are geered with the first motion shaft (a),
by the wheels a' and a, on the first motion (a), the first of which (aº) geers
with the wheel (c) on the shaft c; the second (a), with the wheel (1³) on
the shaft. The wheels c¹ and are free on the shafts c and to rotating
motion; they give rotating motion to their respective shafts, when the clutch
boxes c* and * are brought into geer. These clutch boxes are actuated by
cams, (corresponding to the strap cam (63) in the two-spool machine, not
shewn in the Drawings), which simultaneously bring one in and the other out
of geer, as required. A cam may be used for each clutch box, or one cam
will do for both; one cam and one shaft carrying clutch forks for both
clutch boxes will answer; if the wheel is only turned round and placed
between the wheel a and the framing to get the clutch box on the other
side of it; the clutch fork shaft in this case taking the position of
the dotted circle (6*). In the machine, shewn by Figs. 34, 35, and 36,
the spools are rotated wholly by contact with each other, and the
barrel or hollow shaft upon which the wheel (c) is fixed. This barrel or
hollow shaft (c) is carried by the brackets or headstock (c) secured to the
front beam of the machine. The barrel (c) is of peculiar construction; it.
exceeds the spools in length by about three-fourths the margin at each end of
the spools left uncovered with thread when the spools are fillod, and the bore
or hole through it is equal to the diameter of the full spools. The ends of
the barrel or hollow shaft (c) are made elastic, so as to expand and contract,
nicks being cut all round, as shewn in the enlarged view, Fig. 37. When the
spool is not in the barrel (c) the ends are contracted, but they are expanded
by the entrance of the spool (the edges of the barrel being slightly rounded
off'), so that when the ends of the spools are properly in the barrel (c) they
are held by a pressure equal to the contractile force of the elastic ends of the
barrel (.) In place of making the ends of the barrel (c) elastic, it may bo
made rigid with slits in it, into which pieces may be fitted to project from the

page_text: outside into the inside of the barrel, each piece having a shoulder or shoulders
upon it, to prevent it from being pushed too far into the barrel when the spool
is not in, the pieces being all acted upon or forced inwards by an elastic hoop
or ring of india-rubber or steel. In Fig. 34 the outside of the spooling
mechanism is shewn by one head, and a section of it by the other head. The
spindle or centre (f¹) on which the full spool is placed previous to being
delivered is placed in an arm (f), either fixed or arranged so as to be rotated
by the spool. This arm is secured to a rod or bar f, corresponding to that
used in the two-spool machine herein-before described. A cradlo gl is also
used and carried on a rod g, same as in the two-spool machine, but in this
case the spindle or centre c³ (corresponding to the spindle (c) in the two-
spool machino) is secured to the cradle (9'), and may be either fixed or free
to rotate. When the spool to be delivered is free from the receiving spindle f
it rolls down the spout f³ placed under it. The side of this spout (³) answers
the same purpose as the bracket in the two-spool machine, namely, to pre-
vent the spool from moving with the receiving spindley when it is withdrawn
from the spool. The empty spools are placed in troughs (n), somewhat similar
to thoso used in the two-spool machines, but they descend one by one when
permitted by their own gravity directly into the cradles (9'), which come oppo-
site the mouth of the troughs to receive them. The mechanism which regu-
lates the descent of the empty spools is actuated by two cams n³ and n³* on
the shaft m. Each of these cams acts on a bowl carried by the ends of rods
* and *, placed in vertical guides free to vertical movement.
ends of each of these vertical rods being connected by links with arms 2 and
21*, fixed on the end of shafts n' and n*, both of which pass along the front
of the machine, which shafts are freo to oscillating movements. Each shaft n
and * has fixed upon it an arm n' and n', having a hent end, as shewn, which
enters the front of the trough (n). One arm (n¹), when the bent end is in the
trough (n), holds up and prevents the descent of the lowest spool in the trough
and all abovo it. The bent end of the other arm (n¹×) when it is in the
trough passes between the lowest spool and that immediately above it. If, when
both bent arms are in the trough, that holding the lowest spool is lifted, ond
spool only will drop, and if after the spool has dropped the bent end of the
arm be again brought into the trough, and the other arm is lifted, then all the
spools in the trough will descend together till the lowest comes against the
bent end of the arm (n¹), then in the trough (n). By this order and manner
of actuating the arms with bent ends (n' and n¹×) by the cams n³ and n³*,
empty spools are delivered one by one. This may be accomplished in many
ways; it be done by one cam only and two shafts, one shaft placed or
may
The upper
the

page_text: one side, the other shaft on the other side of the trough; the bent end of one
arm entering the trough on one side, and that of the other on the other side, one
shaft being actuated by the cam, the two shafts being connected together by
a connecting link, so that when the bent end of one arm enters the front of
the trough, the bent end of the other arm will be withdrawn from the back
of the trough, and vice versa. This will form an escapement movement on
the principle of the common clock escapement, which allows one tooth of the
wheel (corresponding to one spool) to pass each oscillation. This exact
arrangement may be adopted, that is, with the bent arms both on the same
centre or shaft. There is only one unimportant objection, that the shaft would
have to be fixed on one side of the troughs, the true position being in the
centre of them. The bobbins (9) from which the thread is drawn in this
machine are placed with their axis vertical, as shewn, a ring (22), carried by a
rod fixed to the framing being used to prevent the thread from being thrown
off too far by centrifugal action.
Tension is put upon the threads by passing between a light roller (do)
extending from end to end of the machine, carried on bearings, in which
it is free to rotatory movements and weighting rollers (one being used
for each thread) each carried in separate bearings formed by a bracket
(d), (Fig. 36.) These rollers are rotated by the passing threads.
The intertia of the rollers forms the drag on the threads, which gives the
required tension. The drag or tension upon the threads may be further
increased if required, by an endless band passing round the roller d,
and over a grooved pulley on the cam shaft (1), having a loop weighted,
as herein-before described, in the two-spool machine, by which arrange-
ment any slack thread caused by the stoppage of the machine in changing
spools may be taken up, as the endless band would when thus arranged
turn the roller (d) backwards. The thread passes from the bobbin 7 to a
guide wire fixed in a bar attached to the framing, then between the rollers,
from thence through the wire of the detecting apparatus, and to the
thread guide carried by the traverse bar (d). The thread guides on the
traverse bar (d) are mounted on shafts or axis (d') in the same manner as in
the two-spool machine, and each shaft has an arm (3) from it (not shewn
in the Drawings), corresponding to that in the two-spool machine, which is
actuated by a similar arrangement of mechanism, but in place of the cam
producing the required movements being placed on the changing cam shaft b*,
it must be upon the cam shaft l. On the axis of the thread guide a lever x is
placed free to oscillating movements; an arm from this lever extends close
along the side of the thread guide arm (d) on the outside, which carries a

page_text: knife for making the incision in the spool in which the thread is secured, and
a spring or elastic arm carrying a point (p) extends from the lever & also
along the other side of the thread guide arm (d²). This lever (a) with its
double arm, one rigid and the other elastic, is actuated by a "wiper," of
which there is one for each head, formed or fixed on a shaft (a) extending
the length of the machine, which has oscillating movements imparted to it by
a cam (2) acting on a lever (a) having its fulcrum at x', one arm of which
carries a stud which works in a slot formed in an arm (a) fixed on the end of
the wiper shaft (a). The arrangement and mechanism for holding the tail
pieco () in the middle position when the spool is being changed, are the
same as that described for the two-spool machine, but is not shewn in the
Drawings, the tail piece taking up the middle position the moment the last
layer of thread is completed; and the rod (h) with the incline (not shewn
in the Drawings) is the same as that for the two-spool machine, and in
addition a cam on the shaft (m) is employed (not shewn in the Drawings),
for the purpose of imparting movements to the traverse bar (d). This can
(y) actuates a lever jointed to the traverse bar (d), and allows the lever
perfect liberty to oscillate by the motion produced by the screw (¹) when it
is in action, the cam (y) employed being a double-action cam with a break in
that part of its path opposite the bowl in the lever, upon which it acts when
the cam (y) is standing waiting for the next substitution of empty for full
spools.
To complete the explanation of this machine, it now only requires a
description of the action of the operating parts in their proper order.
Assuming the empty spools have been just fed and in their places and that the
winding has just commenced, then the cutting of the threads passing between
the last spool filled and the one in the act of filling is the first operation, this
is done in the same manner and by the same means as those used in the
two-spool machine first herein described, but this mechanism is not shewn
in the Figures on Sheet 15; the finishing pressure on the thread guide is also
produced if required in the same manner as in the two-spool machine. When
the spools are full the escape plate (5) is liberated, and the cam shaft (6)
brings the clutch box on the shaft (c) out of geer, and that on the shaft (7) into
geer. The first cam to act on the shafts (1) or (m) is the cam herein-befor
referred to (as (y), but not shewn in the Drawings,) which gives movement
to the traverse bar (d), and causes it to move first a little back on the spools
where it stands to allow the knives carried by the arms of the levers (a)
herein-before referred to as centered on the thread guide shaft (d'), to oscillate
and make the incision in the ends of the spools; this is caused by the action

page_text: of the cam () and wipers on the shaft (x'); when this is done the cam (y)
actuating traverse bar (d) causes it to move again, but in the opposite
direction, till the points (p) carried by the elastic arms (not shewn) of the
levers (a) is brought opposite the proper position, then the cam (a) and
wipers on the shaft (1) cause the arms of the lever (a) to descend again;
the points (p) by this movement are pressed upon the spools, and act as a
guide to prevent the thread from uncoiling from the spools, and as a guide to
its entrance into the incisions previously made in the ends of the spools.
When the points (p) are in this position the thread guide arms (d) are just
clear of the ends of the spools, where the cam (y) allows them to stand at the
time the traverse bar (d) is being moved by its cam (y), and the cam (not
shewn in the Drawings) is acting that lifts the thread guides and causes them
to be risen about half an inch or more above the spools, but when they have
arrived just clear of the ends of the spools they are depressed by the cam as
far as possible below the surface of the spools, this movement dragging the
threads firmly into the incisions made in the ends of the spools; when this is
done the thread guides are again risen to be out of the way. At this time
or a little before the eam (f*) actuating the rod (f) giving end movement to
the receiving spindles (f) begins its withdrawing movement, and when this
is ended the spool drops down the spout (3), if not it does so when the empty
spools begin to be forced towards the receiving spindles (f), which stand a
little after this movement begins, and then they are caused by the can to
return to their first position. At the time the receiving spindle begins to
withdraw, the cradle cam (92) also begins to withdraw till it brings the
cradles (9) opposite the mouths of the empty spool troughs (n). When the
cam (g) allows the cradles to stand (this movement of the cradles leaves
the spools last filled held by their ends in the rotating barrel () ), then the
cam makes the movement that withdraws the bent end of the arms (¹)
from the troughs (n), and the spools descend into the cradles (9'), and
afterwards the cams ³ and ³* produce the other movement of the arms n'
and *, so as have another set of empty spools ready for the next change.
The cradles (9') on receiving the empty spools are moved forward into their
first positions, forcing the spools last filled into the middle position and the
spools that were in the middle position on to the receiving spindles (f). The
return movement on the part of the cradle cam (9) causes a movement to
be imparted to the cam shaft (i), which releases the escape plate (b), and
allows the cam shaft () to bring out of geer the clutch box of the cam
shaft 2, and to bring into geer that of the shaft (c), and again start the winding.
The starting movement by the cradle cam (9) is conveyed to the cam

page_text: shaft (i) from the lever (9) by a rod () connecting it and the arm i as
shewn. The cams shown in the Figures 34, 35, and 36 are single acting, the
bowls on the levers being kept against the cam paths by springs.
Figure 37 exhibits an outside view in front, and Figure 38 a longitudinal
section of a modification of a three-spool head, which may be substituted for
the mechanism shewn in Figures 34, 35, and 36. In this modification the
receiving spindle (1) is shewn mounted on an arm (f), so as to be rotated
by a wheel geering with a broad spur wheel on the shaft c, so that it will be
always in geer in every position of the spindle (f); this ensures the rotation
of the spool upon the receiving spindle with that in the barrel (c), which
does not in this case take hold of the end of the spool on the receiving spindle
(f), consequently the spool will drop immediately the receiving spindle is
withdrawn. This modification shews the cradle (g') a fixture, but of extended
length sufficient to come opposite the mouth of the trough (n). The spindle
or centre is mounted on an arm (c), and while it is withdrawn the empty
spool is dropped in the cradle, then the centre or spindle c is pushed back
into its place. With this modification the cradle remaining fixed, and the
spindle moving, a centre may be substituted for the receiving spindle (f)
and driving wheel, as the barrel (c³) can be extended in length to take sufli-
cient hold of the spool to rotate it, and a forward movement can be given to
the centre c by the cam, which will push the spool as filled; when full, and
after the thread has been fixed partly into the barrel (c) so far as to push
the spool, which is to be delivered quite clear of the barrel, and then the
centre may by the cam be withdrawn to allow the empty spool to be fed to
the cradle, the centre pushing it to its correct position by the next forward
movement made by the cam actuating it. This method of making the cradle
fixed, and mounting the centre on the arm actuated by the cam, also
enables the cam (y), for giving the movements of the traverse bar d, to be
dispensed with, as the backward and forward movements can be given to the
spools instead of to the traverse bar (d), which will answer the same purpose
by merely giving the cams moving the two spindles the required shape, that
is, so that the spindle or centre f' will first move the spools towards the
spindle c, which makes a corresponding movement in the same direction, and
then to stand to allow the incision to be made, then the latter movement is
reversed, and the spools are allowed to stand again till the thread is fixed in
the incision, then the movements produced by the cams and given to the
spindle take place as last described. It will be understood that the object of
having two or more spools in one spooling head at the same time is for the
purpose of starting the thread to make it wind upon the next empty spool;

page_text: this in the two machines herein-before described, being accomplished by
keeping the spool last filled in the spooling head till the thread from it has
wound and has been secured on the empty spool, then cutting the thread
connecting the two spools. But in the machine next to be described there is
only one spool in each spooling head, at the same time the thread being fixed
to the end of the spool, and is cut from it, and the full spool is delivered, and
yet the thread is arranged so as to wind on the next empty spool fed to the
machine. This is done by causing the end of the thread at the time it is
forced into the incision made in the end of the spool to be also forced at the
same time between a circular pair of nippers, which are made to hold the end
of the thread till it is secured to the empty spool. This is the principal
difference in the mode of action between the machine to be described and
those which have been already specified. But another new element is intro-
duced, namely, the arrangement of each spooling head, so that one head may
be stopped without stopping the whole of them, and so that the end of a
broken thread may be fixed in the circular nippers, so as to begin to wind
(the head starting itself) on to the next set of empty spools being fed into the
machine. In this machine a method of feeding the empty spools is shewn
different from those herein described, and the headstock mechanism and its
principle of action is materially modified, as only two cam shafts are employed,
namely, the two corresponding to land m in the machines herein-before
described, the shaper cam shaft (i), as well as the belt or geer changing cam
shaft (6), being dispensed with. This is accomplished by employing one part
of the rotation of the cam shafts for regulating the shaper, and the other
part for effecting the changes of the spools, the cam shafts being rotated at
two different speeds, that is, by giving when the "shaper" is in action, and
the winding of the spools is going on, intermittent movements to the cam
shafts, and a continuous motion during the remainder of the revolution of the
cam shafts, which make one rotation for each set of spools filled with thread.
The changes of the geer for producing these two different speeds, or for
stopping the movement of one part of the machine and starting another, is
effected by the force of a spring or springs, which are charged by the motion
of a cam on the cam shaft, an escape plate or cam upon the cam shaft per-
mitting the force of the spring or springs to act to effect the changes of the
geering at the time required.
The Drawings by which the description of the machine will be illustrated,
are those upon Sheet 16, 17, and 18. Sheet 16 exhibits by Figure 39 a
front elevation of the headstock part of the machine, and by Figure 40 a cross
sectional elevation looking at the end of the machine; Sheet 17 exhibits by

page_text: Figure 41 a front view of the operating parts of one head, and by Figure 42
a side sectional view of the same, and by Figure 43 a side view, shewing the
action of the lever, used to open the circular nippers to let out the end of the
thread; Sheet 18 exhibits by Figure 44, a diagram, the construction and
relatives times of action of the cams used in the machine. The headstock
part of the machine will be first described, Figures 39 and 40 exhibiting the
same to a scale of one half real size. A is the framing of the machine; a is
the first motion shaft, which may extend from end to end of the machine as
require; the driving belt may work on a pair of fast and loose driving pullies,
as commonly arranged. A spur wheel (a) is placed loose upon the shaft a,
which geers with one (c') on the shaft (c), which, by the wheels (), gives
rotating motion to the wheels (c³) upon the hollow axis (c), through which the
spindles (c) pass, upon which the spools are placed. The wheel aº is loose
on the shaft a, and its boss forms one side of a clutch box (cx), and a" is a
part loose on the shaft a, which has a worm or screw thread formed upon it.
This part also forms one side of a clutch box (x), the other sides of the two
clutch boxes are formed on one piece moveable on the shaft (a) on a fixed
key by a clutch fork (b); by this arrangement the part a can be brought
directly out of geer with one, and into geer with the other wheel or worm, and
whichever it is in geer with will receive motion from the first motion shaft (a).
The worm a geers with a worm or screw wheel (¹) on a vertical shaft (k),
carried in a bracket secured to the framing. The lower end of this vertical
shaft (k) carries a bevil wheel () which is loose upon it; this bevil wheel
geers with one (3) fast on the cam shaft (m), which has another bevil (m')
fast upen it, that geers with one ("), fast on the end of the cam shaft (1),
which may extend if required the length of the machine. The wheel (k), as
before stated, is loose on the shaft, but it is carried round with the shaft when
it is rotated by the worm a by clicks (Z), jointed on a boss on the shaft (k),
which enter and rest upon the ratchet teeth formed on the upper part of the
boss of the wheel, as shewn. This arrangement allows the cam shafts
(m and 7) to be rotated in the direction required (which is always the same)
when the vertical shaft is motionless, as the clicks lift and allow the ratchet
teeth to pass. The worm a gives motion to the cam shafts (l and m) when
the winding part of the machine is stopped, and the cam shafts receive inter-
mittent rotating motion in the same direction from the traverse motion when
the winding part of the machine is at work, and from these two sources of
motion the cam shafts 7 and m complete one revolution for each set of spools
which are wound. Upon the traverse rod (d) or the round rod (d) in con-
nection with it a boss is placed; to this boss one end of a lever (-) is jointed,

page_text: having its fulcrum on a bracket from the framing at (¹), the other end of
this lever is jointed with one end of a rod (22), which has a pin in it that fits
into a curve (made to the radius of the connecting rod) formed in the end of
an arm or lever (P) jointed on a stud (i) secured to the framing. The end
of the connecting rod is moveable in the curved slot. The stud (i), upon
which the arm is placed, forms the axis as well of a uniform pitch toothed
ratchet wheel (2), and it carries upon its boss a toothed spur wheel (¿¹³),
which geers with an intermediate wheel (4), carried on a suitable stud fixed
in the framing; this intermediate geers with a spur wheel () on the axis of
the cam shaft (m). This arrangement provides for the ready use of change
wheels for regulating the movements of the cam shafts during the winding
portion of their rotation, and to enable changes to be made to suit different
counts or layers of thread, and the object of the rod () moveable in the
curved slot, formed in the arm () is to produce an uniform movement in the
ratchet wheel (), for each reciprocation of the traverse bar (d) which has
the least movement at the commencement of the spool, and the greatest when
it is full. By this arrangement, the increasing movements of the lever (=)
are imparted at an increasing distance from the fulcrum of the lever (³),
which thus causes the ratchet click to make an uniform length of reciprocation.
The rod () is adjusted in the curved slot formed on the end of the arm (),
by multiplying levers in connection with the shaper (h) as will be hereinafter
described. The screw headstock is marked h, and the screw shaft h' which
has motion by suitable wheels (c", c¹, h³, see Drawings of the two-spool
machine) from the shaft c; d is the traverse rod; ³ is the oscillating piece;
h, the tail piece, which in this arrangement is in a vertical position. The
parts carrying the screw nuts are not shewn, neither are the springs which
give the oscillating movements to the tail pieco (); these may be the same
as those described for the two-spool machine. The slide bar (h³) carrying the
shaper plate (°), is fixed to slide vertically in a cross bearing (h), between
the side framing; ho is the pin placed in the lower end of the shaper slide
bar (h) which comes against the shaper cam (¹) regulating its move-
ments, which is a piece secured on to the cam plate (y), this giving facility
for readily changing the shaper cam piece (¹); * is a bracket which
carries the fulcrum (1) of a lever ("), the lower end of which is acted upon
by the edge of the cam plate (y'), which is formed to give the required move-
ment. This lever (") acts upon the tail-piece (h) to bring it in the middle
position, to allow the traverse bar (d) to be moved as required when the spools
are being changed; it serves the purpose of the slide bar (h) described in the
two-spool machine. The circle (3), Figure 39, represents a stud secured to

page_text: and connected
These levers are
the framing, which forms the fulcrum of a lever (*), the end of which is con-
nected with another lever (), which has its fulcrum (2) at a point on the
framing represented by the circle (0); the end of this lever () is jointed by
a connecting link (2) with the end of the rod (2) sliding in the curved slot
formed in the arm i³. The lever is connected with a pin (8) in the shaper
slide bar (h); consequently the levers and, and parts
therewith, partake of such movements of the shaper (h),
not shown, but the arcs of their movement are represented by dotted line.
The clutch fork (3) is fixed on a shaft (6), carried in suitable bearings; this
shaft () has two arms upon it, one fixed on the shaft (b) forming the
escape lever arm (); the other (6) is free to oscillate to a given extent, and
is connected with a spiral spring wound round the shaft (6). The oscil-
lating arm (6) has a long boss formed upon it, which fits upon and is
carried by two disc pieces (1) free on the shaft & to a limited extent of rotation;
is secured to one
An end view of
this being fixed by pins (6) passing into holes in the shaft &, which enter
notches cut out of the disc parts (1). The boss part of the lever also
carries pins at each end, which play within notches formed in the disc parts
(1); one end of the spiral spring wound round the shaft
disc piece (63), the other end to the other disc piece (1). It will now be
clear that if one disc (6¹³) be turned, the spiral spring will tend to pull the
other round in the same direction, if the other be turned in the opposite direc-
tion, the pull of the spring will be reversed. As the discs (13) are only
allowed a fixed amount of movement, they must tend to give movement to the
shaft () when moved. The lever or arm 69 by the pins on its boss gives the
movements to the discs (s) which charge the spring, being actuated by a cam
(6) on the shaft m, and the escape lever arm (6) permits the spring to move
the shaft () in the required direction at the proper time.
the lever and discs (61) is shewn by Figure 40°, Sheet 16. The move-
ments required by the traverse bar d when the spools are being changed are
given by a cam (y) on the shaft m, which acts upon one arm of a lever (y²),
having its fulcrum at u, the end of the other arm of the lever y being jointed
with the boss on the traverse bar d. The lever (y) is perfectly free from the
cam (y), as no cam path is formed on that portion of the cam plate (y)
opposite the bowl on the end of the arm of the lever (y) when the winding
is going on. Figure 40 shews the ends of the rods and shaft required to give
motion to the operating parts; c is the rod free to end motion for actuating
the spindles c, on which the spools are placed; this rod (c) is connected by a
link to the end of one arm of a lever (c), which has its fulcrum at (u), the
end of the other arm of this lever (c) carrying a bowl, which is acted upon

page_text: by a cam c on the shaft m. The circle n, Figure 40, represents a shaft (n°)
passing the length of the machine in suitable bearings, and free to oscillatory
movements, upon which arms n° are fixed, that give movement by adjustable
connecting rods (n) to levers (n') carrying the trough (n), in which the
empty spools are placed; the circle n³, Figure 40, representing the fulcrum of
the lever . The circle p³, Figure 40, represents a shaft (p³), which by its
oscillation performs the fixing and cutting of the threads and opens the nippers.
The shaft n and p³ receive their movements from two cams n³ and p* on shaft
1; these cams act respectively upon levers n* and p, having their fulcrums on
a stud at n*, the end of the levers n* and p³ of each cam (n° and p') is con-
nected by adjustable rods with arms ** and p² on the shafts no and p³.
Figures 41 and 42 exhibit, as before stated, two views of the operating parts
of one head c, being the shaft carrying the wheel (c) that gives motion to the
wheel on the hollow shaft (c), which gives rotating motion to the spindle c³,
on which the spool is placed; this spindle is moved endways by the arm c
on the slide rod c. The hollow shaft is carried by the headstock (c). The
bracket or arm (f³) receives the end of the spindles c, and forms a stop to
prevent the spool from moving out of the correct position endways; d is the
traverse bar, upon which the thread guides d are placed, each of which has a
round boss (d) that fits on the bar (d), and is kept in position by two collars
(10). The spiral spring to give the pressure is wound round the boss (d'),
and is secured to one of the collars (d) at one end, and to the arm (d) of
the thread guide at the other end. The pressure may be given to the thread
guide by connecting the round rod (d') with the traverse bar d, by a coupling
that will ensure the simultaneous movement of the two together without play,
but will leave the traverse bar (d) free to rotatory oscillating movements,
and by acting upon the bar or shaft d, by a cam placed on the shaft I, and by
modifying one of the collars (1, as shewn in dotted line with two projections
taking on each side of the arm d²; by these means an oscillating movement
can be given to the thread guides (d) in either direction, and at the same
time, if required, the spiral spring may be allowed to effect the pressure
alone. The thread passes from the bobbin 7, as shown in Figure 42.
bobbin
is carried in brackets 2', and retarding friction is put upon it
by an endless band 73 passing round a grooved pulley (2) on the aris of the
bobbin q, and one on the cam shaft 1, a loop being formed on the endless band
which is weighted, this arrangement being the same as that already described
and shewn in the Drawings of the two-spool machine. The spool trough n in
this machine is placed vertical, a part of the lower end of the trough being
jointed or hinged, being secured to a lever (n¹) having its fulcrum at n³. In
The

page_text: Figure 42 the lower part of the trough is shewn in a position, in which it is
presenting an empty spool to the spindle in full line, its back position being
shewn in dotted line, in which position it is out of the way of the full spool as
it descends when delivered from the machine. The spring and screw n* at
the end of the trough are for the purpose of adjusting the spool to bring the
hole in the axis opposite the spindle c. The end of the feeding lever n' is
connected with the arm n on the shaft no. The parts v and v form a pair of
nippers; the part v is screwed on the end of the hollow shaft (c); the part v
is made to slide endways, and is pressed against the part by a spiral spring v².
The surfaces of the parts and v' coming in contact are fluted with concentric
flutes to give better hold of the thread. The shaft p³ carries an arm p², to
which a knife (2) is fixed for making the incision in the spool, and that e for
cutting the thread when fixed in the incision. The knife for making the
incision, and that spool cutting the thread, are placed nearly at a right angle to
cach other; these knives are fixed to the end of the arm p² by means of a screw
p*. To the arm p a flat spring part (3) is secured by a screw at v*; this part
is rigid in the vertical direction, but can give way laterally by the downward
movement of the arm (p); this part is made to enter and force itself between
On the shaft p³
the nippers v, v', carrying along with it the thread.
spring
wire having a point p is fixed, which passes over the head of the screw p*, so
that it is sure to be lifted when the arm is risen, but when the arm is depressed,
the point (p) of the wire will come in contact with the spool, and though it
cannot descend any lower being clastic, it allows the other parts upon the
arm (2) to do so. The part (³) entering the nippers v, v, is hollowed or
grooved at each side and in its lower edge, so that it will have separated the
nippers before the thread comes in contact with the side of the nippers; this
is a precaution to prevent the thread from being cut by contact with the edges
of the nippers when entering. Another arm po is also fixed on the shaft
and carries an antifriction bowl p", which, by an upward movement of the
arm, is brought in contact with a shoulder formed on the part v' of the nippers,
and will press it back from the part v; this movement of the arm p₁o takes
place during the time the thread is winding upon the spool; its object is to
allow the end of the thread held by the nippers v, v, to be thrown out by
centrifugal action. The wheel is loose on the shaft c, and one side of it
forms part of a clutch box, the other part of which is moveable on a fixed key
by a clutch fork lever (p), having its fulcrum on a stud fixed in the framing
at ps; this clutch fork lever (p") is connected with a spring (p") that tends
always to pull the clutch box into geer. To the upper part of the clutch fork
lever (p) a hook click (2) is jointed, the book end of which can slide in a

page_text: groove formed in the end of a bracket (p) attached to the framing. Across
the groove in the bracket, and just referred to, another groove is formed, into
which fits the end of an arm (p") secured upon the shaft p3, the hook end of
the click (p) catches upon the end of this arm (p"), when the handle ¹ is
pushed towards the bracket p, and consequently holds the clutch box out of
geer. When the movement is given to the shaft p³ to make the incision in
the spool, the end of the arm p" is withdrawn from the bracket p10, and the
click 13 is released, and thus the spring p is allowed to pull the clutch box
into geer.
Having described the parts of this machine, their action, in the order in
which they take place, will next be explained.
Assuming that the thread has just commenced to wind on the empty spool,
the cam shaft m and will then receive intermittent movements from the
reciprocating action of the traverse bar (d), and supposing the thread guide
(d) is not required to give extra pressure during the last few layers to give
polish, the cam (p) will be the first to act (excepting the shaper cam), and
will cause the friction bowl p", carried by the arm pl, to lift and open the
nippers (v, v',) to allow the end of the thread held by them to escape. When
the last layer of thread is wound upon the spool, the shaft m will have rotated
the escape edge of the escape cam (6) opposite the end of the escape lever (6),
which will thus be released, and will allow the spring lever (60) to bring the
clutch box out of geer with the wheel (a) and into geer with the worm a°; this
will stop the winding mechanism, and will cause the cam shafts (l and m) to
be rotated uniformly at an increased speed. The cam p will then cause the
arm på to descend and make the incision; it will afterwards stand a little,
but while this is going on the cam (y') will have moved the tail piece (h) into
the middle position, in which it will be held, and the cam (y) will then act
upon the lever (y) and cause it to move the traverse bar (d), so as to bring the
thread guide arm (d') past the nippers (v, v',) to about opposite the shoulder upon
which the antifriction bowl p" acts. When the arm p is lifted after making
the incision, it is not risen so high as to lift the point (p) from the spool, which
prevents the thread from uncoiling, and forms a guide to its entrance into the
incision; the lift of the arm p is to allow the thread to get over the incision
and under the knife which cuts the thread, and the part which forces it
between the nippers (v, v¹,). A second descending movement of the arm p²
then takes place, which forces the thread into the incision made in the spool,
cuts it between the spool and the nippers, and forces the end in between the
nippers, the second lifting movement of the arm p² leaving it held securely by
the nippers. The incision knife is angled to cut the incision in the line which

page_text: the thread will take between the point (p) and the thread guide arm (d) when
moved into the position which it takes just before the thread is cut, and when
the part begins to press the thread between the nippers v, v', the cam (y)
actuating the traverse bar (d), causes it to make a slight movement in the
direction of the nippers (at which place it stands) to slacken the thread, and
allow it easily to be forced between the nippers. The incision knife (2) is
bevelled so as to cut the incision deepest at the outside edge of the spool.
The edge of the thread-cutting knife (e) and the part are made of such
lengths as to come in contact with the thread about the same time, but by
preference the part comes first in contact with the thread so as to hold it
securely against the nippers (v, v',) and partly force it between them before
the knife (e) cuts it. The thread guide arm (d) when it leaves the end of
the spool, as it is moved to one side, slides upon a piece (d") secured to the
spindle headstock (c'), shewn in Figure 42, which keeps it from being forced
by the spring upon its boss (d') against the nippers (v, v¹). After the thread
has been fixed in the nippers the cam (c) withdraws the spindle c³, and allows
the full spool to drop, and when withdrawn the spindle stands, to allow time
for the cam n³ to lift the oscillating feeding trough (n) to present an empty
spool opposite the spindle c, where it holds it till the spindle has been nearly
pushed back through the hole in the spool, when the spool trough (n) falls
back to its position, shewn by dotted line in Figure 42. By the time the
spindle (c) has been fully inserted through the hole in the spool the cam y
has moved the traverse bar (d) into its correct position to begin the winding,
the shaper slide bar (h) having been previously brought back by the rotation
of the cam shaft (m) to the position to commence the winding. When this
is accomplished the tail piece (h) by the cam y' is also left free to take its
correct position; the continued rotation of the cam shaft (m) then releases
the escape lever (60) and the spring lever (6º), acted upon by the cam b',
reverses the clutch fork (6), and stops the quick uniform motion of the cam
shafts, and starts the winding mechanism. These movements, in the order
In this
described, are repeated for each set of spools filled with thread.
machine if a thread breaks the attendant does not stop the machine, but
moves the handle (p") so as to bring the clutch box out of geer, and fixes
the end of the thread in the nippers (v, v¹), and leaves it; the spool part
filled being delivered with the full ones from the other heads, this head
starting itself at the same time that the other heads commence the next
empty spool, as the descending movement of the arm på causes the click p" to
be released from the arm p".
Sheet 18 exhibits by a Diagram the centre lines of the paths of the cams

page_text: used in the machine just described, and their relative times of action. Those
dotted lines having at each ends the letters and figures b', b, i, p, y, c", n', y',
represent the datum lines respectively of the following cams :-', the spring
lever cam for changing the clutch boxes; b, the escape lever cam; c', the
shaper cam; p, the cam cutting and fixing the thread, and releasing it from
the nippers; y, the cam for actuating the traverse bar (d); c', the spindle
cam; ³, the feeding cam; y', the cam for holding the tail piece (h) in the
middle position. The lines perpendicular to the datum lines are thirty degrees
apart, and the entire length of the datum lines is three hundred and sixty
degrees. Ninety degrees of the rotation of the cam shafts is devoted to the
winding of the thread upon the spools, the remaining two hundred and seventy
degrees is used in effecting the changes of spools. The full lines represent
the centre line of each cam path, and when full lines run in the same line
or parallel with the datum lines the cams produce no movement.
The spring lever cam (b) is charging the spring to bring the winding
mechanism out of geer from one to two, and charging for the reverse of this
from two to three.
The escape lever cam (65) keeps the winding mechanism in geer from one
to two, and the changing cam shafts in geer from two to three.
The shaper cam (¹) regulates the shaper for distributing the thread from
one to two, and moves into the position ready to commence the next spool
from two to three, and remains in that position from three to four.
The cam (p), for cutting and fixing the thread, produces no movement
from one to two, but from two to three produces an ascending movement in
the arm (p) to liberate the end of the thread from the nippers, from three to
four produces no movement, but from four to five gives the movement that
makes the incision, and from five to six produces the movement to allow the
thread to get under the knife (e) and part ³, and stand from six to seven to
give time, and from seven to eight makes the movement which secures the
thread both in the incision and the nippers, and from eight to nine lifts the
point (p) out of the way, producing no motion from nine to ten.
The cam (y) actuating the traverse bar (d) produces no motion from one to
two, this part of the cam path being cut away, but from two to three it moves
the traverse bar past the nippers, and from three to four produces the short
back movement, when it allows the bar to be motionless from four to five, and
brings it to the correct position for winding the spool from five to six.
The cam (c) for actuating the spindles, produces no motion from one to
two, but from two to three it withdraws the spindle, which remains out from

page_text: three to four, being pushed back from four to five, and is without movement
from five to six.
The feeding cam (n³) gives no movement from one to two, then brings the
spool to the spindle c from two to three, and holds it there from three to four,
retiring out of the way from four to five.
The cam (y), for holding the tail piece in the middle position, keeps its
lever out of the way of the tail piece (h) from one to two, then pushes it into
the middle position from two to three, and holds it there from three to four,
when it allows the tailpiece to take its own position from four to five, being
out of the way from five to six. In each case the highest Figure on cach
datum lino represents the same part of the cam as the lowest Figure (1).
Sheet 19 exhibits three views of a modification of the machine last
described, by which it is adapted for winding thread on to cards and similar
shaped surfaces. Fig. 45 is a front view of the operating parts of one head,
partly in section, and Fig. 46 is a sectional view through the same; Fig. 47
is a detached view of parts of the spindles and the plan view of a card, all full
size. The two headstocks are marked c', which each carry an hollow shaft c
The end
rotated by a wheel c', each gearing with wheels on the shaft c.
of each hollow shaft c³ has a disc screwed upon it, having a groove cut across
it, the wheels c² and c being fixed, so that these grooves come opposite cach
other; they receive the ends of the cards upon which the thread is to be
wound; n is the trough in which the empty cards are placed; the troughs are
placed on parts prepared for them on the headstocks c. The bottom part of
the trough has a groove (n*) through it, equal in depth to the thickness of the
cards; this groove n* is placed on a level with the grooves in the discs 65,
when they are in the position shewn by Fig. 45 and 46. The cards are pushed
out from the groove (n*) in the bottom of the trough (n), (which groove will
only allow one card to pass at a time) by a thin ram (n'), a little less in
thickness than the cards. This ram (n¹) is connected by a link (n) with the
end of an arm (n°) from a shaft (n), corresponding to the arms (2) and shaft
(n), which is actuated by a cam (³) on the shaft I, as shewn by Fig. 6. The
cards are made of the form shewn in Fig. 47, with notches at the middle of
each end, into which the ends of the spindles cand f¹ pass, so as to prevent
the cards from moving in the grooves mado across the discs. These spindles
and f'pass through the hollow shafts c', and rotate in the ends of arms co
and f, which are respectively fixed on the rods and f, that slide in the bear-
ings formed in the headstocks; the rods and fare actuated by cams (c and
f) placed on the cam shaft (in Figs. 39 and 40), which act through levers

page_text: and connecting rods (see Drawings of the two-spool machine). The thread
guides are fixed to the traverse bar d. One of the discs (6) forms one side
of a pair of circular nippers v, v', arranged as before described, being the
sliding part and the spring. The thread is not fixed to the card when full
by the machine, but is cut from the card which is filled, and the end is secured
In the nippers, so that it will wind on the next card to be filled by the arm p¹
on the shaft (3), the thread being cut by a knife (e) fixed on the arm (22),
the edge of which passes into a groove in the disc or side of the part v, as
shewn. p is a bent wire forming a guide to the thread when it is to be cut,
and secured in the nippers v, v; and is the part that forces the thread
between the nippers. The arm carrying the friction bowl placed on the shaft
(p) for opening the nippers to let out the end of the thread when secured on
the card is not shewn in the Drawings. On the shaft c a ratchet wheel (1) is
fixed, having six teeth only, because the wheel is three times the diameter of
the wheel, consequently one-sixth of a revolution of the shaft c will cause
one-half a revolution of the wheels c, and on the shaft c a lever is placed,
free to oscillating movements; it carries a click which works on the ratchet
wheel. Now when the shaft c is stopped, the point at which it will come
to rest is uncertain, and the grooves in the discs are required exactly in a
line with the groove n* in the bottom of the trough n, when the cards are to
be pushed in. The lever is made to vibrate over one-sixth of the arc of the
circle (or a little more) by a cam on the cam shaft (1); the vibration is of
uniform length, and begins and ends always in the same place, and if the
ratchet wheel click comes against one of the teeth in its forward movement it
will carry the wheel with it to the end of its vibration, and in whatever
position the wheel stops there will always be one tooth which the ratchet
click will catch hold of and push before it on its forward movement. The
point at which the ratchet click will leave the wheel standing is that in which
the grooves in the discs will be opposite the grooves n* in the bottom of the
trough n. The ratchet click lever is actuated by a cam placed on the cam
shaft (1), (Fig. 39 and 40), which will act on a lever arranged in a vertical
position, the fulcrum of the lever being about midway between its two ends,
and mounted on a stud in the side framing, the end of the lever being connected
with the lever by an adjustable rod . The best position of the ratchet
wheel will be at the opposite end of the shaft c, to which the spur wheel c¹
is placed for rotating the shaft c when the thread is being wound on the cards.
The bobbin q, from which the thread is drawn, is placed in the bracket q¹, and
s retarded by an endless band, arranged as herein-before described. The head-
stock mechanism of this modification of the Invention is the same as that shewn

page_text: by Sheet 15. The shaper cam i is formed to vary the traverse and distributo
the thread upon the card, as required, and the other cams on the shaft land
Im have to be modified to produce those movements of the operating parts
described, as follows:-Suppose the cards have been placed in the grooves in
the discs and the thread has begun to wind upon them, the operation con-
tinues till the cards are filled, but a little before the last layer is wound on to
the card, the cam actuating the shaft (p³) produces the movement that opens
the nippers v, v', and allows the end of the thread held by them to escape.
When the cards are full, the escape plate cam (6³, Fig. 40,) allows the spring
lever (6) to put the winding clutch out of gear, and the cam shafts (land m)
into gear, then three cams begin to act simultaneously, one upon the arm (1º)
which rotates the ratchet wheel, and brings the grooves in the discs into
the position shewn in Figs. 45 and 46; the cam actuating the arm p³ lowers
the point p, to prevent the thread from uncoiling past it, and then the cam acts
on the lever h" to bring the tail piece (5) in the middle position when the cam
which actuates the traverse bar d causes the thread guide arm (d) to be
brought opposite the shoulders of the sliding nipper (v) upon which the auti-
friction bowl acts to open the nippers when releasing the end of the thread;
then the cam actuating the arm på causes it to descend and ut the thread, and
force the end into the nippers, when the arm på is caused by its cam to rise out
of the way, and now the cam acts that causes the ram n' to push the lowest
card from the bottom of the trough (n); at this time the cams actuating
the rods c¹o, f, simultaneously withdraw the ends of the spindles and f¹ from
the notches in the ends of the cards, and the empty card pushed in by the
ram n¹ pushes out the card filled with thread (which drops out of the way) and
takes its place, when the cams actuating the spindles (c and f¹) bring their
ends back to enter the notches in the cards. After pushing the empty card to
its place the ram (n') returns to its first position, allowing the empty cards to
descend in the trough n, that card which was previously the lowest but one
taking the place of the one pushed out. When the full card is pushed out the
cam actuating the traverse bar (d) causes the thread guide (d2) to move to
the proper position to commence the filling of the card with thread, and then
the cam actuating the tail piece (h) allows it to take its proper position, the
shaper cam by the rotation of the shaft m having previously brought the
shaper (h) into its correct position for the empty card. After the full card is
pushed out, the cam actuating the lever gives it the back movement to be
ready to make the next forward movement, and the escape plate cam (b) then
permits the spring lever (b) to start the winding, these movements being
repeated for each set of cards.

page_text: Sheet 20 exhibits by Fig. 48 a front sectional elevation, and Sheet 21 by
Fig. 49 an end elevation; and Sheet 22, by Fig. 50, a plan view, all full size
of a single head spooling machine, having a self-regulating traverse motion.
The framing of the head is marked A, the first motion shaft a, the fast and
loose driving pulleys (a2), the belt guide a carried on an arm a fixed on a
shaft, carried by projections from the base plate. The shaft has a
spring coiled round it, which is secured at one end to one of the projections
forming its bearing, and at the other end to a collar fixed on the shaft b*.
This spring () is wound round the shaft b' in that direction, which will draw
the belt guide (a) towards the outside loose driving pulley (a2). When the
belt guide (a) is moved to bring the belt on to the inside or fast pulley, it is
retained in that position by a hook lever a" having its fulcrum on a stud at a¹³,
which catches hold of a pin in the strap guide armi (as). This hook lever (a")
has a weighting arm that keeps the hook part pressing upwards against the
pin in the arm (as); the hook lever (a) has also an arm in a vertical position,
in which an adjusting set screw (a¹) is fixed, for a purpose herein-after
mentioned. A spur wheel (a) on the shaft a geers with one (a) fast on the
boss of a wheel (c) free on a stud at c; the wheel (c) geers with one (c³) on
tho end of an hollow shaft (c), which gives rotating motion to a spindle (c³)
passing through it, upon which the spool is placed. On the end of the hollow
shaft (c) one part of a circular pair of nippers v is screwed, the sliding part
(v) fitting upon it, being the spring keeping them close.
The edge of the part v carries a knife (2) for making an incision in the
edge of the spool in which the end of the thread may be secured; this knife
also ensures the rotation of the spool with the spindle (c). The part (ƒ¹)·
slides in a hole in the headstock, and serves to keep the end of the spindle (c).
steady and in its correct place, and to force the spool against the part v, the
part being connected with a lever arm (f), having its fulcrum at f**,
which is connected by a rod (f) with a lever handle (c), giving the end'
movement to the spindle (os), the lever handle (c10) having its fulcrum on a
stud (u). When the handle of the lever (c) is lifted, the part f and spindle
(c) are withdrawn from the spool, which will drop or may be removed by the
hand if it adheres to the incision knife. When an empty spool is placed
opposite the spindle (c), and the arm of the lever (c) is forced down, the
spindle (c) is caused to enter the hole passing through it, the part f' forcing
the spool against the part (v). The first motion shaft (a) forms the lowest of
two screws one over the other; the upper one (¹) is geered to the lower one
directly by a pair of spur wheels (h), consequently the screws rotate in opposite
directions, the threads on each screw being in the same direction.
The

page_text: oscillating piece (h³) carrying the screw nuts which geer with the threads on
the screw shaft is fixed on a traverse rod (d), which is free both to oscillating
and end movement. The oscillations of the piece (h³) are produced by the
springs (h); this piece ³ passes between the two screw shafts a and h¹, and
its oscillating movements bring it alternately in geer with cach. The oscillating
piece (³) is balanced by a weighting part (*), and the movements of the
tail
part (h) of it are governed by a shaper plate (°) fixed on a slide bar (h³),
carried by a projection from the base plate. The position of the shaper (h°)
is regulated by the thread guide arm (d), which is placed on the traverse bar
(d) free to oscillating movement, but secured from end movement on the bar
by two collars (ds) fixed upon it. An arm (³) descends from the boss (d')
of the thread guide arm d, having a forked end which fits and is free to
slide upon a bolt carried by a two-armed boss () fixed upon a shaft (j),
free to oscillate in movements; upon this shaft (j) an arm (6) is fixed
which is connected by a link (6x) with the sliding part (h), being jointed
to each. The thread guide (d) is caused to press upon the spool, and
the slide bar (5) is drawn back by a spring (6") fixed to the back of the
projection from the base plate carrying the shaper slide bar (8). When
this spring (b) is drawn back to that point when the spool is nearly full, it
comes against the head of an adjustable screw (613), which brings a greater
tension upon the spring (6"), that gives the increased pressure to the thread
guide (d) to effect the polishing of the thread. To the side of the slide bar
(3) a piece (65) is secured, so as to be adjustable; this piece (63) forms an
edge, upon which catches an hook click (a") jointed upon the belt guide arm
(8), when the belt guide arm (a) is moved opposite the fast driving
pulley (a²).
The thread in this machine is drawn from a bobbin (g), which may be
retarded by a loop band (4) placed upon a grooved pulley (7) on the axis of
the spindle carrying the bobbin (9), to which loop band a weight is suspended.
In using this machine before the full spool is removed the attendant cuts the
thread and forces it between the nippers (u, v), then when the empty spool is
placed on the spindle (c) the attendant by taking hold of the weighted end
(h) of the oscillating piece (h³) brings the thread guide () into the position
to begin the winding of the spool, then the driving belt is brought by the belt
guide handle on to the fast pulley (a2), and the hook clicks (a" and a¹) catch
respectively on the pin in the belt guide arm and on the part to secured
to the slide bar h³; as the spool fills, the slide bar (3) will be moved, each
layer towards the tail piece (h), and consequently the traverse will be gradually
extended and during the last two or three reciprocations of the tail piece (h³), its

page_text: sides will come against the head of the adjusting screw (a) in the arm of the
hook lever (a), which will cause the hook end of it to be depressed, so as to
liberate the belt arm (a) when the layer is completed, and stop the machine; but
the lifting of the hook lever (a") by the action of the tail piece (h) upon the
screw (a) does not allow the spring (6) on the shaft (6) carrying the arm (a³) of
the belt guide to traverse the driving belt from the fast to the loose pulley, till
the slide bar (5) has been moved sufficiently by the rise of the thread guido
(d) to allow the hook click arm (a") to escape from the part (65) fixed upon
the slide bar (h); this is done at the beginning of the last layer of thread, so
that the belt guide arm is held solely by the hook lever (a), which on the
completion of the layer is released from the pin in the belt guide arm by the
action of the tail piece (³) upon the set screw (a) as before described, and
the machine stops. The act of bringing back the thread guide (d) to the cor-
rect position for commencing the winding of an empty spool also brings back the
shaper (h) to this position, the two being connected as explained. When the
machine is to be stopped, it is only necessary to lift the thread guide (d) by
the handle projecting from its boss or axis (d), when the slide bar (h) will be
drawn so far forward as to release the catch (a) from the escape part ();
the machine will stop when the tail piece (*) comes against the set screw
(a), and before this, if the catch (a") be depressed. This last-described
method of regulating the shaper is applicable to machines of any convenient
number of heads; for instance, it is applicable to the two-spool machine shown
by Sheets 1 to 14, so that the cam (i) regulating the shaper can be dispensed
with, namely, by reversing the position of the shaft j, so that the arms (7',) con-
nected with the rod d' upon it, will descend from the lower side of it, then by
bringing the arm 212 (or one corresponding to it opposite the escape plato
lever (be), and connecting the two by a link (6") jointed to each lever by pins
adjustable in slots made lengthway of the arms 6 and 1, which will thus permit
the ratio of movement between the thread guide arms d' and the shaper h³ to be
easily regulated. When thus arranged, the escape plate lever spring 6" would
act to give the whole or part of the pressure required to be put upon the spools
by the thread guides d², or the pressure could be obtained from a weight
arranged to act on the lever in the required direction. With this method
of regulating the shaper h°, the cam (0¹) actuating the shaft o³ would have
to be placed on the cam shaft 7 instead of the shaft (6), but this would
allow the cam and parts connected with it to be dispensed with. A piece
would be required performing the office of the part a", shown in Figs. 48, 49,
and 50, that is, a lever placed alongside of the shaper 2 in a horizontal
position, with its fulcrum midway between its ends and carried on the head-

page_text: stock, one end having an adjusting screw (a) in it opposite the tail piece
(h), the other end being arranged to come opposite the upper edge of the
escape plate ³, and against a stop placed in the edge of the escape plate (65).
This lever will be acted upon by the tail piece (h) in one direction, and by a
spring (performing the office of the weighted end of the lever in Figs. 48, 49,
and 50,) in the other direction to bring it back, and when acted upon by the
tail piece h, it should be arranged so that the movement imparted to one end
will withdraw the other end from the projection on the escape plate (6), and
allow it to pass the spring, bringing the lever into the position to obstruct the
rotation of the escape plate 6, when the stop upon which it acts comes round.
With this arrangement the escape plate (6) will be held by the escape plate
lever (6), till the beginning of the last layer of thread upon the spools, when
it will be released, and the escape plate (6) will then be held by the horizontal
lever, till the tail picce (h³) moves it sufficiently to liberate the escape plate
(65), and allow the cam shaft (b) to effect the change. The cam o', which
in this arrangement is on the shaft 7, will be one of the first to act upon the
shaft o, to lift the thread guides & from the spools, and when the change of
the spools is completed this cam o' will lower the thread guides d², which will
allow the spring (6") or weight, or both, to give the escape plate lever (6º)
the back movement, which will release the escape plate (6), and allowing the
cam shaft to start the winding part of the machine.
By enlarging the diameter of the part f¹, shewn in Figs. 48, 49, and 50,
so that a cradle part (9') will extend from the under side of it, and by placing
a small trough (n), arranged to open on to the upper surface of the part f¹,
and by extending the length of the arm f³, and placing its fulcrum f** at
its lower end in a position corresponding to that (u) of the arm clo, and by
extending an arm past and below the fulcrum u of the arm co, and connect-
ing this arm by a rod (f), with the extending arm (f), at a point above its
fulcrum (f), an arrangement will be obtained which by the movement of
the handle (c) will withdraw the spindle and part f¹ at the same time,
and will bring the cradle part (9') of f' under the mouth of the trough (n),
so as to allow the empty spool to drop in the cradle (91) from the trough (n),
and the back movement of the handle (c) will push the spool upon the
spindle c. The thread may be cut and fixed in an incision formed in the spool,
and secured in the nippers (v, v), by adopting that arrangement of the thread
guide nipper's point (p), and parts upon the point arm (p'), shewn by Figs. 41,
42, and 43 herein-before described, it will only be necessary to actuate the
axis (p), on which the arm p³ is placed, by an handle. The machines herein-
before described may have motion transmitted to them through a mechanical

page_text: arrangement, which will at the commencement of the filling of the spools
drive the machine at a speed which is gradually diminished as the spools fill
with yarn or thread, being the least speed when full, the speed imparted being
such as will give an uniform velocity (or nearly so) to the thread passing on to
the bobbins, spools, cards, or other similar surfaces, such mechanical arrange-
ment being regulated by the machine self-acting. It may be accomplished by
employing a countershaft for each machine driven by a belt passing between
a pair of cone drums, one of them being on the counter shaft, the other on
the main driving shaft, the belt being traversed upon the cones to reduce the
speed by a single-acting cam, and brought back to increase the speed
by a weight, the cam being shaped similar to the shaper cam (¹), and
placed on the shaper cam shaft (i), in the two or three spool machine,
and upon the shaft m or l, of the single spool machine.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention, and the methods
by which it may be carried into effect, and would remark that I am aware
that machines have been proposed having several heads all worked together
at the same time, and in which the distribution of the thread was effected by
self-acting means, but such machines have not been brought into use, and the
operations for stopping the machine when the spools were full,-the fixing of
the thread to the full spools,-the removing and replacing of them by empty
ones, the arranging of the thread to wind on to the empty spools, and the
starting of the winding part of the machine had to be performed by hand, and
were not accomplished by self-acting means, as by my Invention herein-before
described. I therefore wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself
to the details hercin given, but claim as my Invention, as secured to me by
the said in part recited Letters Patent, so long as its peculiar features are
retained, the several combinations of self-acting mechanism, herein before
described, and their modes of action in machines of one or more heads for
effecting the winding and distribution of yarn or thread on to bobbins, spools,
cards, and other similar surfaces; the securing of the ends of the yarn or
threads to the bobbins, spools, or other similar surfaces filled with yarn or
thread, the removal or delivery of the bobbins, spools, cards, or other similar
surfaces filled with yarn or thread,-the replacing of the full bobbins, spools,
cards, or other similar surfaces by empty ones,-the arrangement of the thread
to wind upon the empty bobbins, spools, cards, or other similar surfaces,-and
the starting of the winding part of the machine when these operations are
accomplished. I claim such several combinations of mechanism for per-
forming the several operations named separately as well as when acting
together. I also claim the said combination of mechanism and their modes

page_text: of action for effecting all the operations (excepting the winding and dis-
tribution of the yarn or thread) when they are brought into operation by hand,
and made to operate by manual power, also when such said combinations are
actuated by handles without the intervention of cams.
I also claim as my Invention when applied to machines for winding yarn
or thread on to bobbins, spools, cards, and other similar surfaces, the system or
method of giving the movements or oscillations to the part shown in the
accompanying Drawings, and marked ³, or its equivalent, from which the
traverse bar (d) receives its movements, when the power for effecting the
changing or oscillating movements required is obtained, substantially in the
manner described, by the tension of springs or the force of gravity.
I also claim a shaper part similar to that shewn in the accompanying
Drawings, and marked h°, arranged and acting substantially as described, to
regulate the oscillations or movements of a part h³.
I also claim the regulation of a shaper (h") by means of a cam (¹).
I also claim the regulation of such a shaper (h) as that herein-before
described by connecting it with the thread guide or guides (d) for distributing
the yarn or thread on bobbins, spools, and other similar surfaces.
I also claim the use of a shaft or shafts similar to land me with cams upon
them, brought into geer or having an increase speed when the bobbins,
spools, cards, or other similar surfaces are filled, by which the required.
operations in changing bobbins, spools, cards, or other similar surfaces aro
performed.
I also claim the method of retarding the rotation of the bobbin or other
equivalent surface from which the yarn or thread is drawn, or the rollers
between which it passes (if the yarn or thread passes through such) by means
of an endless band, which is acted upon so as to keep the yarn or thread tight,
winding back any slack to prevent it from being broken by a sudden starting
of the machine.
I also claim the use of a brush (do), or its equivalent, to prevent the yarn
or thread from becoming slack near the thread guide.
I also claim the stopping of the machine when a thread breaks by me-
chanism equivalent to that herein-before described.
I also claim the arrangements by which one head of a spooling machine
may be stopped without stopping the other heads of the machine, which head
will again start itself when the machine commences to wind the yarn or
thread upon the next bobbin, spool, card, or other similar surface.
I also claim the use of a point (p), or an equivalent instrument, as a guide,
by which the thread is prevented from uncoiling and which acts as a guide to

page_text: the entrance of the end of the thread into the incision made in the end of the
bobbin, spool, or other similar surface.
I also claim the system or method of winding yarn or thread on to an
empty bobbin, spool, or other similar surface before the yarn or thread is cut
or detached from that surface which has been previously filled.
I also claim the system or method of securing the end of the yarn or thread
in a pair of uippers, or their equivalents, so that it may be wound on to the
next empty bobbin, spool, card, or other similar surface.
I also claim the system or method, herein-before described, of cutting the
yarn or thread from the spool, bobbin, card, or other similar surface.
I also claim the use of a trough or hopper, or an equivalent receptacle, in
which the empty bobbins, spools, cards, and other similar surfaces are placed,
and from which they may be delivered, one by one, as required by the
machine.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Weild, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-eight.
W. WEILD (L.S.)