Improvements in Filters.
Year: 1894

page_text: Improvements in Filters.
1, DENNIS RICHARDS, 121 Lower St. James' Street, Newport, Isle of Wight,
trading with others as John Gould & Co. of Newport aforesaid, Mineral Water
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of filters or apparatus
used for the purification of water.
In carrying out my invention I employ a tank, cistern or reservoir of suitable
capacity, which may be constructed of galvanized iron or other metal, of stone,
stoneware, slate, or other material.
This tank, cistern or reservoir may be open at the top, and the admission of the
water thereto regulated by a ball cock.
At the lower part of the said tank, cistern or reservoir is an opening of sufficient
size to allow the water to pass by gravitation from the tauk, cistern or reservoir
into a chamber or chambers supplied with charcoal or similar filtering material,
through which the water is forced in an upward direction, and passes thence by
way of a perforated plate of tin or suitable material into an adjacent chamber or
receptacle filled with pebbles.
In one side of this last mentioned chamber or receptacle are a series of holes or
openings, through which the water flows into another chamber filled with pebbles
and passes down thence into the pure water chamber from which it may be drawn
off as required by means of a cock or valve or (when the supply in the pure water
chamber is to be entirely drawn off) by way of a screw plug in the bottom thereof.
Over the top of these last mentioned chambers a cover of wood or suitable material
may be placed in which perforated plates for escape of air are provided. These
perforated air escapes are covered when not in use. A glass panel may be inserted
in the cover for purpose of observation.
In the bottom of the tank chamber or reservoir first above mentioned an outlet
is provided to allow of same being emptied when required.
In the filtration of water by means of my improvements the purification is
effected by gravitation in the first place, then by upward lateral and downward
filtration through the charcoal or similar filtering material and the pebble chambers
respectively, and lastly by further gravitation.
The larger part of the cistern being open and the water running in at the top
being of a lower temperature normally than the air, a great deal of the air in the
water will naturally evaporate.
The action of the water after leaving the charcoal chamber passing over and
through a quantity of small pebbles constantly causes the remaining air to break
up and in a great measure escape through the perforated openings in the cover.
Dated this 30th day of November 1894.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23 Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements in filters.
I, DENNIS RICHARDS 121 Lower St. James Street, Newport, Isle of Wight
trading with others as John Gould & Co. of Newport aforesaid, Mineral Water
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of filters or apparatus
used for the purification of water.
In carrying out my invention I employ a tank cistern or reservoir of suitable
capacity and constructed of galvanized iron or other metal, or of stone, earthenware
slate or other suitable materials, or a combination of any or all of them.
This tank may be open at the top. The general construction of my improved
filter is indicated in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a plan Fig. 2 a
section through A. B. Fig. 1. and Fig. 3 a section through C. D. Fig. 1.
Similar letters refer to the same parts in each of the figures.
a is the cock for supplying water to the filter, b is the primary filtering chamber,
extending across which is the partition c which however does not touch the bottom
of the chamber. The chamber b is filled on both sides of the partition with super-
weighted charcoal or other suitable filtering material up to about the proportionate
height shewn in Fig. 2.
Above the filtering material on that side of the partition further from the
cock a are openings c¹ for the exit of the water from the chamber b. The
chamber is supported on guides & running across the main tank or cistern e.
At the opposite end of e is a partition f reaching from top to bottom of the
cistern e and across it from side to side. Another partition g at a right angle to f
forms the two chambers and i. The bottom of the chamber h communicates with e
by an opening j. Above is a strainer on which rest the pebbles 1, covered in
at the top by another strainer m. The chamber is also filled with pebbles and
covered with another strainer o. A draw-off cock p is provided at the lower part
of the side of chamber and a waste pipe is attached to the bottom of as slicwn
A waste and wah pipe is also provided at, in the bottom of
The
chambers and I prefer to furnish with e covers, in which air-holes may be
made and glazed aperture provided for in pection from time to time.
at y.
The setion of the eponamhis is low
-
Water being it at flows into as shewn by the arrow, penetrates do
through the filtering material on our site of the partition, up through the filtering
material on the other dle and unt into the chamber through the openings
Fram the water enters the opening passes through the strainer,
pebbles and strainer thence through strainer o, penuies a to the draw-oif
cock p
I do not confine myself to the precise disposition relative proportions, conforag
tion or other details of the various parts together forming my improvements in
filters, as any or all of them may be considerably varied without departing from
the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for filtering water and other fluids the combination of a chamber
lled with filtering material, with a main cistern or the like. furnished with

page_text: partitions, strainers, pebble-chambers, draw-off, waste and wash pipes, the whole
substantially as described in the above Specification and exemplified by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of September 1895.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23 Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents for Applicant.