IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF IRON AND STEel
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF IRON AND STEel.” A communication
from abroad by Charles Dion, of Chambly Basin, in the County of Chambly,
and James Baylis, of Montreal, in the County of Hochelaga, both in the Pro-
vince of Quebec, and Dominion of Canada.
Sealed the 16th March 1877, and dated the 21st September 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1876.
"
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF IRON AND
STEEL." A communication from abroad by Charles Dion, of Chambley Basin, in
the County of Chambley, and James Baylis, of Montreal, in the County of
Hochelaga, both in the Province of Quebec, and Dominion of Canada.
This Invention has for its principal object the more speedy and effectual per-
formance of the operation of tempering iron and steel, whether the same be in the
form of wire, plates, cutting edges, or any other shape into which these metals may
be worked.
The principal feature of this Invention is the arrangement by which the tem-
perature of the bath or apparatus in which the article to be operated upon is dipped
is always automatically kept at the same degree of heat.
The arrangement of the apparatus may be briefly thus described :-The furnace
proper is in the usual way enclosed in brickwork, and within it is set a hot chamber
or bath of molten metal or the like. The tempering chamber is placed immediately
above this bath, completely covering up, and partially so, a tank of water or other
fluid. The part of the tank outside the chamber affords an inlet for replenishment,
and this tank is also arranged to form a seal to the external air. Within the tem-
pering chamber is arranged mechanism, herein-after described, which when put in
motion dips alternately into each bath the plate or article to be tempered, at the
same time closing up the bath which happens not to be in use.
A pyrometer placed in a tube in connection with the hot chamber or molten

page_text: metal bath carries on its outer end a pointer and dial to register the temperature,
certain devices arranged for the purpose, and herein-after described, operating when
the heat of the chamber rises above a certain point to automatically cut off the blast
from under the grate and turn it above the fire till the heat of this hot chamber
drops below the desired point, when the reverse action at once takes place, and the
blast is turned under the grate.
Wire is tempered by being drawn through a tube set in the hot chamber, whence
it passes into a bath of oil, water, or other fluid without coming in contact with the
external air; or this bath may be omitted, and the wire on leaving the tube come in
contact with a blast of air driven by a fan.
The Invention is also applicable in the conversion of iron into steel.
In carrying out the Invention a metal chamber is employed of any size and pro-
portion, and flanged so as to be secured to the brickwork enclosing the furnace, to
be herein-after more particularly described, such chamber being provided with a
door and lugs for convenience in fitting. Through the chamber passes transversely
a shaft, which is carried out either on one or both sides, where it may be provided
with a suitable handle for rotation. Upon this shaft are secured arms, the lower
ends of which are enlarged, and have pinions formed upon them. These pinions
intermesh with and work in racks formed on a plate to correspond with them, and
thus give this plate a forward or backward movement on rails or slides arranged on
a main plate or cover.
Through eyes formed on the outer ends of the arms is a rod secured in any
suitable manner against lateral movement, to which is hung loosely (so as to be
always vertical whatever angle the arms may assume) a plate arranged to receive
the article to be tempered, and which dips alternately in a hot chamber or bath
(which may be filled with molten metal) and in a tank, the latter being arranged so
as to project somewhat beyond the enclosure of the chamber first mentioned, and
having there an open trough through which it may be replenished, an outlet pipe being
also provided. The plate dips into this tank through an opening formed in the main
cover, a diaphragm dipping down into the tank and forming a perfect seal.
The reciprocating plate above referred to is arranged to alternately cover the
bath and the tank. The bath has its end extended so as to be built into the brick-
work of the furnace, and is also provided with an opening communicating with the
outside, and fitted with a suitable door through which a rake or scoop may be
passed to remove that part of the lead which has become oxidized.
The furnace in which the bath is set is provided with bars arranged so as to bo
shaken or tipped at pleasure, and with an ash-pit and the requisite doors.
In order to ensure the uniform heating of the lead contained in the bath, the pro-
ducts of combustion are preferably first taken up into a flue running along the back of
the chamber, thence passing down through an extension and another flue on their
way to the chimney, which may be placed in any convenient spot. Should how-
ever the size of the furnace be such as to give a heat which will not necessitate
this, the products of combustion may be carried directly from the furnace to the
chimney flue.
Within the bath and stretching transversely through it from side to side, but not
communicating in any way with its contents, is placed a cast-iron or other metal
pipe, containing within it a rod in which is formed a groove. Along this the wire
to be tempered passes, being unwound by any suitable means from a drum placed
on one side of the furnace, and on leaving this it is taken down through a tube or
passage into another bath, which may contain water, oil, or any other suitable fluid.
On its exit from this bath the wire, which has as yet not come in contact with the
external air, is wound up in any usual manner upon another drum.
In lieu of the arrangement above described the latter bath may be omitted, and
the passage be carried along to the outside of the brickwork, an air passage being
constructed at an angle to it and the pipe being enlarged at their junction. Through
this air channel air at any temperature is blown by means of a fan blower driven in
any ordinary manner.

page_text: According to a modification of the preceding arrangement the bath first men-
tioned, which in this instance is provided with a cover, is properly secured to the
main cover plate, in which are formed four apertures, two being placed at one end
to allow the products of combustion to pass up into the chamber first mentioned, and
two down which they are taken to the chimney flue.
Within the bath is also placed the pyrometer, which is constructed in the
following manner-An iron tube passes through the bath or hot chamber, & is
secured at both ends so as not to allow the hot metal to pass, one end being closed.
Into this closed end is screwed a tube of brass, copper, or other metal which is more
expansive under heat than iron, and into the end of this tube again is screwed a rod
of steel or iron, having its end turned up. Upon the tube is mounted a rack bar
provided with a spring to keep it tightly pressed down so as to intermesh with a
pinion, the spindle of which passes through the end of the screwed rod, and carries
on its farther extremity a pointer moving with the pinion, and having its stem
made of some material which does not conduct electricity. One end of the pointer
is formed with a springing piece of metal or other device, so as always to remain in
contact with the face of a plate, to be presently described, and its inner end is
arranged to receive two wires, the negative poles of two magnets.
The dial, which may be either a solid disc or of any other suitable form, is
mounted upon a sleeve, through which the spindle of the pinion runs, and which is
secured firmly to the turned-up end.
Upon any point of the circumference of the dial, and arranged so as to be com-
pletely isolated from it, is placed the plate above referred to (secured by a screw or
in any usual manner), divided up into two parts by non-conducting material, each
of these parts forming the end of the positive pole of a magnet.
To the door of the blasts is secured a frame, in the upright part of which is
formed a bearing for a shaft passing through the blast door, and carrying on its
its inner end a damper rotating with the shaft always in the same direction, and
arranged to close either one of the apertures in the door which communicates with
the upper and lower blast ports or flues.; this shaft passes out beyond the frame,
and is provided with a handle for the purpose of winding up on a drum mounted
on the shaft, a line weighted at its free end. Upon this shaft is also secured
an escapement rod, having one end bent so as to form a hook to engage with a
corresponding hook formed on the end of an armature, to be presently referred to,
the other end of this rod engaging with a corresponding projection formed on the
armature. The engagement with the one or the other takes place according as the
armature is influenced or not by electro-magnets, to be herein-after referred to.
This armature is secured to a projecting support attached to the frame of the door
in such a manner as to allow it to turn, a corresponding armaturé being secured to
it at right angles.
Electro-magnets are provided, each connected with a suitable battery, the wires
of their negative poles being taken to the pointed and of their positive poles to the
split plate placed upon and isolated from the dial.
The passages along which the blast passes to the furnace are suitably formed, the
under side of one being set at any angle and formed by an iron plate, or in any
suitable manner, so as to give a seat for the grate to rest in, and at the same time
cut off all communication between the upper and lower blasts.
Upon the shaft carried by the frame above referred to is placed loosely a toothed
wheel, in the teeth of which works a double lever, like the escapement of a watch,
pivotted at the end of a weighted rod, and upon the shaft is fixed a smaller ratchet,
in the teeth of which works a pawl pivotted to the large wheel, and held in place
by a spring, the whole arrangement being similar to that of an alarm clock; or any
other equivalent device may be adopted for regulating the motion.
The upper and lower. blast flues are closed automatically by the rise and fall of
the temperature of the furnace under the action of the apparatus herein-before
described.
In order to convert iron wire into steel the bath is filled with molten iron, there

page_text: being placed in it, by preference, guides along which and through the metal the iron
to be operated upon is drawn. .The tube and rod above referred to are in this case
omitted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th March
1877.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF IRON AND
STEEL." A communication from abroad by Charles Dion, of Chambly Basin, in
the County of Chambly, and James Baylis, of Montreal, in the County of
Hochelaga, both in the Province of Quebec, and Dominion of Canada.
The said Invention relates primarily to the tempering of steel or iron, whether
the same be in the form of wire, plates, cutting edges, or of any other shape into
which these metals may be worked; and it enables this process to be performed far
more effectually than by any means yet in use, the temperature of the furnace
wherein the operation is carried out being automatically regulated and maintained
at the same degree of heat.
The said Invention is also applicable to and useful in the conversion of iron wire
into steel.
In carrying out the said Invention there is placed above the furnace proper a
tempering chamber wholly covering a hot chamber or bath of molten lead or other
substance, and partially so a small water tank, the portion of this latter which
remains outside the chamber forming a seal, and not allowing the external air to
enter. Within this chamber is arranged mechanism, herein-after described, which
when put in motion dips alternately into each bath the plate or article to be tem-
pered, at the same time closing up whichever bath happens not to be in use.
A pyrometer placed in a tube in connection with the hot air chamber or lead
bath is furnished with a pointer and dial to register the temperature, and should it
rise above the desired point certain devices, herein-after described, arranged for the
purpose operate to automatically cut off the blast from under the grate, and to turn
it into the upper part of the fire chamber, thus reducing the heat, or on the contrary
supposition, .e., that the temperature is not sufficiently high, the blast is auto-
matically by the same means turned on under the grate.
Wire is tempered by being drawn through a tube arranged in the peculiar manner
herein-after explained, and running from end to end of the hot chamber, the wire
thence passing out into water, oil, or any fluid without entering the external air.
In lieu of being conducted into this fluid the wire on leaving the hot chamber may
be brought in contact with a blast of air impelled by a fan blower or other suitable
device.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the several
Figures on the annexed two Sheets of Drawings, the same letters of reference indi-
cating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) of the accompanying Drawings represents a vertical sectional
elevation of an apparatus constructed according to the said Invention, the section being
taken transversely through the water tank and hot chamber; Figure 2 is a vertical
sectional elevation of the same taken longitudinally through the fire-chamber.
Figure 3 (Sheet 2) is a horizontal section; Figure 4 (Sheet 1) is a sectional elevation
showing a modification of the hot chamber and parts connected therewith; Figure 5
is a plan of the same.
Figure 6 is a detail of the wire tube.
Figure 7 (Sheet 2) is a front view of the pyrometer enlarged; Figure 8 is a plan,
and Figure 9 a side view of the same.

page_text: Figure 10 is a side view of apparatus for controlling the draft; Figure 11 is a
front view; and Figure 12 an under plan of the same.
Figure 13 is a view shewing an arrangement of cold blast for wire.
A is a metal chamber of any required size, shape, and proportion, flanged so as to
be secured to the brickwork enclosing the furnace B, to be herein-after more par-
ticularly described, and provided with a door A¹ and lugs a, a, for convenience in
fitting. C is a shaft passing transversely through the chamber A, and carried out
either on one side, as shewn, or on both sides, where it may be provided with a
suitable handle or handles for rotation. Upon this shaft C are secured arms D, the
lower ends of which are enlarged and have pinions formed upon them, as shown at D¹.
These pinions engage with and work in the racks E' formed on the plate E to
correspond with them, and thus impart to this plate a forward or backward move-
ment on the rails or slides F arranged on the main plate or cover G.
Through the eyes d formed on the outer ends of the arms D runs a rod H secured
in any suitable manner against lateral movement, to which is hung loosely (so as to
be always vertical whatever angle the arms D may assume) the plate I arranged to
receive the article to be tempered, and which dips alternately in the hot chamber
or bath K (which may be filled with molten metal) and the tank L; the latter is
placed where shown in the Drawings projecting somewhat beyond the enclosure of
the chamber A, and having there an open trough through which it may be re-
plenished, an outlet pipe being also provided. The plate I dips into this tank
through an opening formed in the plate G, a diaphragm L' which extends down into
the tank forming a perfect seal. The bath K, by preference made of a section
somewhat similar to that shown in Figure 1, having its ends extended so as to be
built into the brick work of the furnace, and having, as shown at K¹, Figure 2, an
opening communicating with the outside and provided with a suitable door through
which a rake or scoop may be passed to remove that part of the lead which has
become oxidized.
The furnace B in which the bath K is set is arranged, as shown in Figures 1
and 2, having a suitable feed door b, fire-bars 61, ash pit door 62, and ash pit b³, the
bars being arranged so as to be shaken or tipped at pleasure.
In order to insure the uniform heating of the lead contained in the bath K, the
products of combustion are preferably first taken up into a flue B¹ running along
the back of the chamber A, thenco passing down through its extension B² and the
flue B³ on their way to the chimney, which may be placed in any convenient spot;
should however the size of the furnace be such as to give a heat, which will not
necessitate this, the products of combustion may be carried directly from the furnace
to the chimney flue. M is the coal shoot provided with a suitable cover M', and
constructed substantially as shewn.
Within the bath K and extending transversely through it from side to side, but
not communicating in any way with its contents, is placed a cast iron or other
metal pipe N containing within it a rod N¹ (see Figure 6) in which is formed a
groove N. Along this groove the wire to be tempered passes (being unwound by
any suitable means from a drum placed on one side of the furnace); and on leaving
the groove the wire is taken down through the tube or passage N³ into the bath O,
which may contain water, oil, or any suitable fluid. On its exit from this the wire
which has as yet not come in contact with the external air is wound up in any
usual manner upon another drum, not shown in the Drawings.
In lieu of the arrangement above described the bath O may be omitted and the
passage N³ carried along to the outside of the brickwork, an air passage N' (see
Figure 13) being constructed at an angle to it, and the pipe N³ being enlarged at
their junction. Through this air channel N* air at any temperature is driven in
any ordinary manner.
In Figures 4 and 5 is shown a modified construction of the chamber A and
bath K, which latter in this instance is provided with a cover k properly secured to
the plate G, in which are formed four apertures, two, g, g, being placed at one end

page_text: to allow the products of combustion to pass up into the chamber A, and two, g¹, I',
at the other end, down which they taken to the chimney flue.
Within the bath K is also placed the pyrometer, shown in detail in Figures 7, 8,
and 9, and next herein-after described. P is an iron tube passing through the bath
or hot chamber K secured at both ends, so as not to allow the hot metal to pass
out, and having one end closed. Into this closed end is secured a tube P¹ of brass,
copper, or other metal, which is more expansive under heat than iron; and into
the end of this tube again is screwed a rod of steel or iron P2 having its end turned
up, as shown at P³. Upon the tube P¹ is mounted a rack bar Q provided with a
spring q to maintain it tightly pressed down, so as to engage with a pinion R, the
spindle of which passes through the end P³ of the rod P2, and carries on its farther
extremity a pointer S moving with the pinion R, and having its stem made of
same material, which does not conduct electricity. The end S' of the pointer is
formed with a springing piece of metal or other device, so as always to remain in
contact with the face of the plate T¹ to be presently described, and its inner end is
arranged to receive two wires 8, 8, the negative poles of two magnets.
The dial T, which may be either a solid disc or, as shown in the Drawing, is
mounted upon a sleeve t through which the spindle 7 runs, and which is secured
firmly to the turned up end P³.
Upon any point in the circumference of the dial, and arranged so as to be com-
pletely isolated from it, is placed a plate T" (secured by a screw or in any usual
manner) divided into two parts by non-conducting material, each of which parts
forms the end of the positive pole of a magnet.
To the door U of the blasts is secured, as shown in Figures 2 and 10, a frame U¹,
in the upright part of which is formed a bearing for a shaft V passing through the
blast door, and carrying on its inner end the damper V1 rotating with the shaft
always in the same direction, and arranged to close either one of the apertures in
the door which communicate with the lower and upper blast ports W, W. This
shaft passes out beyond the frame, and is provided with a handle for the purpose
of winding up on a drum X mounted on the shaft a line weighted at its free end.
Upon this shaft V is also secured an escapement rod Y, having one end bent so as
to form a hook y to engage with with a corresponding hook z formed on the end of an
arm Z, to be presently referred to, the other end marked y¹ of this rod engaging
with a corresponding projection z¹ formed on the arm. This arm Z is secured to
the projecting support 1 attached to the frame U' in such a way as to admit of the
arm z turning a corresponding arm Z¹ provided nearly at right angle thereto. 2, 2,
and 3, 3, are electro-magnets, each connected with a suitable battery, the wires of
their negative poles being taken to the pointer S, and of their positive poles to the
split plate T¹ placed upon and isolated from the dial.
The passages W, W₁, along which the blast passes to the furnace are formed, as
shown in Figure 2, the under side of W¹ being set at any angle, and formed by an
iron plate, or in any suitable manner, so as to provide a seat in which the grate.
rests, and at the same time cut off all communication between the upper and lower
blasts.
Upon the shaft V is placed loosely a toothed wheel 4, in the teeth of which works
a double lever 5, similar to the escapement of a watch, pivotted at the end of a
weighted rod 6, and upon the shaft is fixed a smaller ratchet wheel 7, in the teeth
of which works a pawl pivotted to the large wheel 4, and held in place by a spring,
the whole arrangement be similar to that of an alarm clock, or any other equivalent
device may be adopted for regulating the motion.
The process of treating the articles and the operations of the apparatus are
carried out in the following manner:-The parts being arranged as shewn in the
Drawings, and the article to be tempered, if a plate or cutting edge, being secured on
the plate I the shaft C is rotated, thus gradually lowering the plate into the metal
bath or hot chamber K, the pinion D¹ by the same movement working in the rack

page_text: E¹, and pushing forward the plate E along the rail F. until it assumes the position
shown in Figure 1, completely closing the water tank L.
When it is considered that the article has remained for a sufficient length of
time in the bath K the shaft C is rotated in the opposite direction, thus lifting the
plate I out of the bath, raising it to the position shown in Figure 2, and then
lowering it into the tank L, the plate E at the same time by the action of the
pinions D¹ in the racks E¹ being run backwards until it completely covers the
opening of the bath K, its elevation on the rails F preventing it from being stopped
by any splashes of molten metal on the plate G. Fresh water may be constantly
introduced through the outside opening of the tank L, the outlet pipe running off
any surplus.
The plate I may be raised from the tank and again dipped into the bath, and the.
whole operation be repeated as often as desired, according to the requirements of
the article to be tempered.
The bath K may be filled with molten lead or other metal, or be simply heated
to a certain degree of temperature, and the tank L may contain oil or other fluid in
liew of water.
So long as the temperature of the metal or heated air contained in the bath or
hot chamber K does not rise beyond a certain point the blast regulating apparatus
will maintain the damper V¹ in such a position that the opening in the blast door
U to the passage W₁ shall be closed, and that to the passage W open, thus brining
the blast to the under side of the grate. As soon however as the heat of the bath
K rises above a certain degree (the mark of which on the dial will coincide with that
of the division in the plate T¹) the tube P¹ expanding more than the rod P2 causes the
rack Q to rotate the pinion R, thus making the pointer S advance until it passes
the division line in the plate T¹, thereby cutting off the current from the magnets
marked 3, 3, and forming a circuit with those marked 2, 2. By this means the arm
Z is attracted to the magnets 2, 2, (the corresponding arm Z being no longer influenced
by the magnets 3, 3,) and the projection z¹ is thus disengaged from the end y¹ of the
rod Y, which by means of the weighted line on the drum X is revolved so as to
make one complete half turn, the hook y on the end of the rod Y then engaging
with that z formed on the under side of the arm. It will be seen that the damper
V¹ mounted on the shaft V and rotating with it will by this half turn cut off the
blast from under the grate and open the port W₁ leading into the fire chamber.
When the heat of the bath K descends below the point desired the pointer S falls
back to its former position on the other side of the dividing line in the plate T¹,
thus forming a circuit with the magnets 3, 3, and cutting off that with the magnets
2,2, releasing the arm Z and bringing that marked Z¹ in contact with the magnets
3, 3. The hook y being thus disengaged from the corresponding hook z, the escape-
ment rod, shaft, and damper before described perform half a revolution, whereby the
end of the rod is brought in contact with the projection ¹, the upper blast port W₁
being thus closed and the lower W opened. The escapement movement and double
ratchet wheel, above described, assist in governing and regulating the above action.
The action, above described, will be repeated at intervals while the furnace is at
work, according as the rise and fall of the temperature of the heated chamber
actuates the ports.
When wire is to be tempered it is taken off a drum rotated by a belt from a take
up drum (on which the wire when tempered is wound) and is drawn very slowly
along the groove N2 in the rod N¹ placed in the tube N, at no point coming in
contact with the heated air or molten metal contained in the chamber K. The
wire is then drawn down the passage N³ into the bath O of oil or water, and the
operation should be repeated in a similar furnace at a lower degree of heat to
complete the operation of tempering.
The same conditions as to the process of tempering the wire will apply when the
air passage N (Figure 13) and blower are substituted for the bath O.
The process of tempering the wire in the bath, constructed as shewn in Figures 4
and 5, will be identical with that first herein-before described. This modification

page_text: of furnace is however only adapted for wire tempering, the heat being arranged to
completely envelope the bath.
In order to convert iron wire into steel, the bath K is filled with molten iron, and
guides are by preference placed in it, along which and through the metal the iron
to be operated upon is drawn, the tube N and rod N¹ being in this case omitted.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect,
I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is―
First. The combination in the tempering chamber A of the transverse shaft,
operating by means of projecting arms holding a rod, from which hangs the carrying
plate to dip alternately into a hot chamber and tank the article to be tempered,
substantially as herein-before described.
Second. In combination with the tempering furnace A the shaft C running back-
wards and forwards (by means of pinions D¹ working on racks E¹) the cover plate E,
substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
Third. The combination with the tempering chamber A of the tank L having a
diaphragm L, and arranged substantially as and for the purposes herein-before
described.
Fourth. In combination with the furnace chamber B and tempering chamber
A the flues B1, B2, and B³, surrounding the heated chamber K, substantially as and
for the purposes herein-before described.
Fifth. In combination with a bath or vessel containing hot air or molten metal a
tube passing through it and entering a bath of oil, water, or other fluid, so that the
wire drawn through such tube shall not come in contact with the external air,
substantially as herein-before described.
Sixth. The combination with the wire tube of an air passage and blower,
substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
Seventh. The combination of the tube N and rod N¹ with groove N³, substantially
-as herein-before described.
Eighth. The combination with a furnace chamber and ash pit of upper and lower
blast flues communicating respectively with them, and opened and closed
automatically by the rise and fall of the temperature of the furnace.
Ninth. In any apparatus for the tempering of iron and steel the combination of
the bath K, pyrometer P, and damper V1, all constructed and operating, substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described.
Tenth. The arms Z, Z¹, each influenced by a set of magnets thrown alternately
into circuit by the action of the pointer S on either part of the split plate T"
on the dial, substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
Eleventh. The escapement rod Y mounted on the shaft V, engaging alternately
at either end with a hook and projection formed on the arm Z according as the
latter is influenced or not by the magnets, all substantially as and for the purposes
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my
Specification set my hand, and seal, the Nineteenth day of March, One
thousand night hundred and onvanity coven
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)