IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE SCRAPERS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Linington Rastrick, of Norfolk Road, Dalston, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE
SCRAPERS."
Sealed the 3rd November 1876, and dated the 18th May 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Linington Rastrick
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1876.
JOSEPH LININGTON RASTRICK, of Norfolk Road, Dalston, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE SCRAPERS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in tube scrapers.
Heretofore such scrapers have been formed of a number of spiral scrapers arranged
around a central rod and connected by screws at one end to a fixed head, and at the
other end to a moveable head, which was acted upon by a spiral spring, the pressure
of which was capable of regulation by means of a nut working on a thread formed
on the central rod. These spiral scrapers were formed of sheet metal, and each of
them extended only partly around the central rod.
Tube scrapers constructed as above described are, however, costly of construction,
inefficient in action, and liable to become easily broken and thereby rendered
useless.
According to my Invention I form the spiral scrapers of rod metal preferably
square in section, although rods of other angular section may be employed. I also
employ only one or two spiral scrapers to complete the scraper. I also cause each
spiral scraper to take several turns around the central rod, and 1 draw or forge
down the ends for some distance into a smaller circular section, and coil them at
those parts into the form of spiral springs loosely fitting the central rod; and in
cases where I employ two spirals to form the scraper I also draw or forge down the
central portion of the rod for some length as above described for the ends thereof
so that when the rod is doubled the two ends of such doubled rod may be coiled to
form spiral springs. I also twist or bend the rod so that the larger portion or
portions thereof shall be formed into a spiral or spirals of any required diameter in
the central coil thereof and tapered down therefrom towards both ends where the
smaller portions of the bar are twisted into spiral springs as before described.
Spiral scrapers thus forined are mounted on a central rod or shaft, and one end
[Price Gd.1

page_text: thereof abuts against a fixed stop, or where two spiral scrapers are employed then
the doubled looped end thereof will be fixed at or near the end of the central rod
or shaft, whilst the other end or ends are acted upon by a nut working on a screw
formed on the central rod to enable a regulated pressure to be put thereon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Linington Rastrick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th November 1876.
JOSEPH LININGTON RASTRICK, of Norfolk Road, Dalston, in the County of
Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE SCRAPERS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in tube scrapers.
Heretofore such scrapers have been formed of a number of spiral scrapers arranged
around a central rod and connected by screws at one end to a fixed head, and at the
other end to a moveable head, which was acted upon by a spiral spring, the pressure
of which was capable of regulation by means of a nut working on a thread formed
on the central rod. These spiral scrapers were formed of sheet metal, and each of
them extended only partly around the central rod.
Tube scrapers constructed as above described are, however, costly of construction,
inefficient in action, and liable to become easily broken and thereby rendered
useless.
According to my Invention I form the spiral scrapers of rod metal preferably
square in section, although rods of other angular section may be employed. I also
employ only one or two spiral scrapers to complete the scraper. I also cause each
spiral scraper to take several turns around the central rod, and I draw or forge
down the ends for some distance into a smaller circular section, and coil them at
those parts into the form of spiral springs loosely fitting the central rod; and in
cases where I employ two spirals to form the scraper I also draw or forge down the
central portion of the rod for some length as above described for the ends thereof
so that when the rod is doubled the two ends of such doubled rod may be coiled to
form spiral springs. I also twist or bend the rod so that the larger portion or
portions thereof shall be formed into a spiral or spirals of any required diameter
in the central coil thereof, and tapered down therefrom towards both ends wliero
the smaller portions of the bar are twisted into spiral springs as before described.
Spiral scrapers thus formed are mounted on a central rod or shaft, and one end
thereof abuts against a fixed stop, or where two spiral scrapers are employed then
the doubled-looped end thereof will be fixed at or near the end of the central rod
or shaft, whilst the other end or ends are acted upon by a nut working on a screw
formed on the central rod to enable a regulated pressure to be put thereon.
And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings,
more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view of a tube scraper constructed according to my Invention
out of a single rod of metal, and Figure 2 represents such rod of metal after it has
been wrought to the varying sections required in readiness for forming the same
into the required spiral form; Figure 3 is a side view of a tube scraper formed of a
rod of metal doubled so as to form a double spiral; Figure 4 represents such rod of
metal after it has been wrought to the varying sections required to form the double
spiral, and Figure 5 represents such rod doubled previous to and in readiness for
twisting or coiling the same. It will be seen on reference to the Drawings that I
form the spiral scrapers a of rod metal which I prefer to be square in section, although
rods of other angular section may be employed. I also employ only one or two

page_text: spiral scrapers a to complete the scraper, and I cause each spiral scraper to take
several turns around the central rod b. In constructing a scraper, such as that
represented in Figure 1, I take square rod metal and forge down the ends thereof
for some distance to a smaller circular section, and coil such ends into the form of
spiral springs a loosely fitting the central rod b, and I twist, bend, or coil the rod so
that the larger portion thereof shall be formed into a spiral of any required diameter
in the central coil thereof, and the other coils gradually tapered down in diameter
towards both ends to the points where the smaller portions of the bar are twisted
or coiled into spiral springs a¹, as before described. A spiral scraper thus formed
is mounted on a central rod or shaft b, and one end thereof abuts against a fixed
stop or collar b' whilst the other end is acted upon by a nut b³ working on a
screw be formed on the central rod b to enable a regulated pressure to be put there.
on. In constructing a spiral scraper, such as that shewn at Figure 3; in which two
spirals are used, I draw or forge down the ends of the rod in a similar manner to
that before described. I also draw or forge down the central part thereof for some
length to a similar section, as shown at Figure 4. I then double such rod, as shown
at Figure 5, so that the two ends of the doubled rod may be coiled into spiral
springs a', and the centre portions into spiral scrapers having the central coils thereof
of any required diameter, and the other coils gradually tapering down in diameter
to where they join the spiral springs u¹. A double spiral scraper formed as above
described is mounted on a central rod b, and the loop a is fixed in a loop b* formed
at the end of the rod b, whilst a nut 65 working on a screw be formed on the rod b
acts to put a regulated pressure thereon. It is evident that the rod metal to form
the scrapers may be forined to the required sections by rolling in lieu of forging
the same.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode in which
I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the
construction of tube scrapers from rod metal in manner substantially as herein
shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Linington Rastrick, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
J. L. RASTRICK. (L.S.)