IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS FOR to be as follows:- CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF STEAM AND FLUIDS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES BLAKE of the Britannia Works, Newton Heath in the City of
Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineer and Boiler Maker do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention for * IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS FOR
to be as follows:-
CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF STEAM AND FLUIDS
"
My invention relates to the cocks having plugs rendered steam or fluid tight by
means of packings of asbestos or elastic material.
Previously to my invention recesses have been formed in the body or shell of the
cock on each side of each port or thoroughfare and such recesses have been filled
with asbestos but there has been no efficient means for tightening the packing.
According to my invention I provide the body of the cock with a lining which is
in two or more pieces and I fit the plug to this lining. The parts of the lining are.
Bo formed as that spaces are left between the parts of the lining and between the
lining and the bottom of the plug recess and a gland or between the lining and
glands and these spaces I fill with asbestos packing or with suitable packing the
formation being such as that when the gland or the glands is or are set up all the
packing becomes compressed. In one construction the said lining is formed in
three pieces two pieces being on opposite sides of the plug axis and the third piece
being a ring formed with two taper shells which extend down between the other
two pieces. Packing is introduced between these three pieces at all points and
between the top of the said third piece and a gland and between the bottoms of all
the pieces and the bottom of the plug chamber or by preference the ends of the
said taper shells extend into recesses to provide for compression. In some cases
the said two pieces would be fixed to or formed on the cock body and in other
cases they would be free to move to compress the packing. The said two pieces
might be connected by means of a ring so that the lining would consist of
two forked pieces. When the gland is set up all the packings are compressed by
reason of the taper or wedge forms of the parts of the said lining. The said lining
may consist of two pieces having meeting faces making an angle with the plug axis
and having packing between the said faces. My invention enables me to use a

page_text: plug of cylindrical form but I do not confine myself to this form. In a modification
I fit the plug in a lining which can slide in the cock body and I use two rings or
ordinary gland packings the inner packing being compressed by the movement of
the said lining. This construction is applicable in cases wherein the thoroughfare
passes through one end of the plug. In one form of such a cock I fit the cylindrical
plug to slide or to slide and turn so as to open the thoroughfare by bringing ports
or a port outside the inner packing.
Dated this 12th day of February A D 1884
I JAMES BLAKE of the Britannia Works Newton Heath Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Engineer and Builer Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW
OF STEAM AND FLUIDS," and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings
My Invention relates to the cocks having plugs rendered steam or fluid tight
by means of packings of asbestos or elastic material. Previously to my invention
recesses have been formed in the body or shell of the cock ou each side of each
port or thoroughfare and such recesses have been filled with asbestos but there has
been no efficient means for tightening the packing. According to my invention
I provide the body of the cock with a lining which is in two or more pieces and
I fit the plug to this lining. The parts of the lining are so formed as that spaces
are left which spaces. I fill with asbestos patking or with suitable packing the
formation being such as that when the gland or the glands is or are "set up" the
packing becomes compressed.
The nature of my Invention will be better understood when it is described with
reference. to the accompanying two sheets of drawings.
In sheet 1 of the said drawings Figs:: 1 and 2. represent sections of a cock
constructed in accordance with my invention. In the said Figs: a is the body of
the cock and b is the plug. The aforesaid lining is formed in two parts c. c' which
are separated by means of packing d. the faces which would meet if the packing
were not interposed making such an angle with the axis of the plug as that the
ring of packing is below the passage e. on one side of the cock but above the
passage f. on the other side of the cock. Across the plug is a partition b¹ which
has the same angle of inclination as the ring of packing and crosses the ports in
the two sides of the plug. The two edges of this partition extend through the
ports and are finished to be uniformn with the outer surface of the plug so that
when the plug is turned into the position to shut the cock as in the drawings the
said edges of the partition cover the packing at the parts opposite to the ports.
It will be seen that the inclined ring of packing is in contact with the plug all
around and as a consequence that the leakage of fluid round the sides of the plug
is checked The lower section c. of the lining is turned to fit tightly into the bored

page_text: :
body and if considered to be desirable may be secured in position. The section c.
is formed as a gland which can be forced into the body by means of screw bolts h. h..
whereby the packing d is compressed. An annular channel at i is also filled with
packing which is also compressed by the same movement of the gland. The.
leakage of fluid from the inside of this gland is checked by a second gland k.
Fig 3 illustrates another form of cock differing from the first example in having
the two passages e and f. at right angles one to the other. In this example there.
is only one port on one side of the plug and as the plug can be turned half way
round to close the thoroughfare the inclined partition 61 is not necessary. Fig: 4
illustrates a modification of the cock illustrated by Figs: 1 and 2. In Fig: 4 the
lining is formed in four parts c. c c and c³. Each of the parts and c³ is
formed with a port to come opposite to the passage e. or f. and each face of each
part is cut with two meeting angles of about forty-five degrees, as separately
indicated by Fig: 5. The two parts c. c¹ are similarly formed so that when the
parts are put together the space for the packing d. is in the form of two inclined
rings crossing each other on opposite sides of the plug. When this space is filled
with packing and the parts c and care forced inward by means of the screw
bolts h. h. the said parts act as wedges to compress the packing equally all around
the plug. In the example the parts c³ and would be fixed to the body the
other two parts being adjustable but the part of might alone be fixed and the
bottom of the cock body be made close as in Fig: 1. in which case the parts c³
and c would be capable of yielding to the pressure of the part c.
The plug is
formed with two partitions crossing each other to suit the formation of the packed
space. Fig: 6. illustrates the application of my invention in the formation of a
three-way cock. In this example the lining is formed in two parts one part cl
being of a wedge form the other part being shaped to correspond so that the ring
of packing is bent so as to come below each passage e, and f. at the sides and to rise
above the ports in the plug in the middle as indicated by the dotted lines. The
part c. is formed as a double gland so as to dispense with the second gland shown
in Figs 1 and 3. The plug is formed with one side port which can be brought
opposite to e or f. as required and when turned below the bend in the packing as
indicated by the dotted lines is protected from leakage by the packing. This
wedge or double inclined formation of the linings may be adopted in either of the
examples illustrated by Figs: 1 and 3 and other modifications in the formation may
be made such for example as indicated by the dotted lines at d¹ in Fig: 3. so long
as the forcing of one part of the lining toward another in the direction of the axis
of the plug effects the equal compression of the packing all around the plug. In
all the examples the plugs are cylindrical but I do not confine myself to this
formation. The drawings in Sheet 2. illustrate forms of cocks or valves having
sliding plugs. In Fig: 7. the lining is made in three parts c. c¹ and c' which are
separated by two rings of packing d. d. the parts c and c being free to slide in the
bored body so that when the part c. is forced in the part c' is forced nearer to the
part whereby both packings are tightened. The part might form part of
the body. In the drawing the thoroughfare is closed the part m of the shell of the
plug being opposite the port e. but by sliding the plug b. until the port n is brought
opposite to the passage e. the thoroughfare is opened. In Fig: 8. the thoroughfare
is across the axis of the plug as in the example illustrated by Fig: 1 the difference
being that in Fig: 8 the plug is moved in the direction of its axis by means of the
screw o. to open and close the thoroughfare. In some cases the plug may be
arranged to turn as well as to slide and other modifications may be made without
departing from the intent of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The cocks or valves formed and constructed substantially as and for the
purposes set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 2. Mounting the plugs of cocks and valves to turn or slide in linings formed in
parts and having inclined or wedge shaped faces between which packing is
interposed which packing is tightened uniformly around the plug by forcing one
part of the lining toward another substantially as set forth and indicated.
3. The method of packing the sliding plug of a cock or valve by means of two
rings of packing which can be compressed between linings in which the plug
slides substantially as set forth and indicated with reference to Fig 7. of the
drawings.
Dated thin 10th days of Nouam 1001