matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Edward Whitham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st August 1882.
FREDERIC EDWARD WHITHAM of Shipley near Bradford in the County of York
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING"
The object of my invention is to convert the unmodified starch in the mash tub,
into dextrine during the operation of brewing beer thereby greatly increasing the
amount of dextrine in the wort producing considerable improvement in the quality
of the beer at the same time it fines more readily.
In the first operation I run the strong wort into the copper then pump it
therefrom back into the wort receiver after which the steam is injected at the
bottom of the mash tub and the grain or daff contained therein is boiled until all
the starch is dissolved or in solution. It is then cooled down until the temperature
has arrived at about 150° Fahrenheit. Then the strong wort is run from the wort
receiver into the mash tub, and is allowed to infuse, this has the effect of converting
the whole of the starch into dextrine or to such an extent that no starch colouration
is indicated by the usual tests .
The whole is next run into the copper, hops added, then boiled and worked in
the usual way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George William Hargreaves Brogden
and Edward Casper at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
9th May 1882.
GEORGE WILLIAM HARGREAVES BROGDEN and EDWARD CASPER, both of King
William Street in the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS."
This invention has reference to further improvements on an invention for which
Letters Patent were granted to us dated the fourteenth day of February one
thousand eight hundred and eighty, number 654.
In employing kilns constructed according to the specification of our said former
Letters Patent we have found that the heat used for burning or baking the bricks
or other articles, does not circulate uniformly through the whole of the bricks, the
bottom rows or layers on the wagons in many cases being insufficiently burnt
while the upper rows or layers are frequently subjected to too sudden and too
great a heat; now the object of the present improvements is to obviate these
objections and to diminish the cost of the kiln.
In carrying out our present improvements we dispense with some or all of the
doors described in the specification of our said former Letters Patent, and in place
thereof we provide at one end of each truck or wagon a shield or plate of fire brick
or other suitable material and of a shape corresponding with and nearly of the
same size as the interior section of that part of the kiln above the floor of the
truck or wagon; the bottom part of the said shield or plate is perforated to allow
of the passage of the heat.
By this arrangement when the trucks or wagons are placed in the kiln and the
edges of the shields or plates of the trucks are edged or trimmed with fire clay or
otherwise suitably luted so as to form tight, or nearly tight joints with the arch
and sides of the kiln, the kiln is thus divided into what may be termed a number
of chambers or divisions, each containing one truck, and the end of the kiln is
kept air tight by the entering at regular intervals of another truck which reseals
the opening left by the shrinking of the edge of the truck previously inserted, and
the heat for burning the bricks entering one of such chambers through the
perforations at the bottom of the shield or plate of one truck, passes uniformly, or
nearly uniformly, through and over the whole of the bricks on the said truck and

page_text: then passes out from the bottom part of the chamber through the perforations in
the next shield or plate and so on, thereby effecting a thorough and uniform
burning of the bricks.
We also place our flues low down in the kiln so as to counteract the tendency of
the heat to leave unburnt the bricks in the lower part of the wagon and to over-
burn those on the higher part
We also provide openings or flues regulated by dampers on each side of the kiln
corresponding with the hereinbefore described chambers, whereby we can divert to
the stack the whole or a portion of the draft or heat thus controlling the burning
of each wagon load of goods.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR MEANS OF ATTACHING HANDLES TO VESSELS OF GLASS AND OTHER FRAGILE MATERIALS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th July 1882. A communication
to him from abroad by A. Czepelka, chief of the firm of A. Czepelka vorm:
P. de la Chapelle, and Eduard Fritsch, both of Vienna, in the Austro-
Hungarian Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OR MEANS OF ATTACHING HANDLES TO VESSELS OF GLASS AND OTHER
FRAGILE MATERIALS," a communication to me from abroad by A. Czepelka, chief of
the firm of A. Czepelka vorm: P. de la Chapelle, and Eduard Fritsch, both of
Vienna, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire,
This invention has for its object to avoid the breaking of handles, and the
consequent breaking or waste of fragile vessels to which they are cast.
For this purpose I make the bandle of a separate piece of metal, wood, horn,
vulcanite, glass or any other suitable material and attach it to the vessel by means
of wires, rings or hoops which pass around the vessel and to which the handle is
screwed, riveted, or secured in any other suitable manner.
The wires or hoops
may be secured to the vessel by providing the latter with circular grooves or
projections into or between which the hoops are laid. Instead of forming a closed
circle, the wires for holding the handle may form coils or helices around the vessel.
For further security, or as a sole means of attachment the place where the
handle is connected with the vessel may have a recess or notch into which fits
the end of the handle, or lugs may be cast to the vessel for holding the end of the
handle.
A PROCESS FOR THE CARBONIZATION AND PREPARATION OF A MATERIAL WHICH IS THEREBY RENDERED APPLICABLE FOR THE ELECTRODES OF ARC OR THE FILAMENTS OF INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMPS AND MAY ALSO BE USED TO FORM THE CARBON PLATES OF SECONDARY OR POLARIZATION BATTERIES OR OTHER BATTERIES AND INSTRUMENTS OR OTHER ANALOGOUS ELECTRICAL PURPOSES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry John Marshall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1882.
HENRY JOHN MARSHALL of Linslade in the County of Buckingham[shire]
" A
PROCESS FOR THE CARBONIZATION AND PREPARATION OF A MATERIAL WHICH IS
THEREBY RENDERED APPLICABLE FOR THE ELECTRODES OF ARC OR THE FILAMENTS
OF INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMPS AND MAY ALSO BE USED TO FORM THE CARBON
PLATES OF SECONDARY OR POLARIZATION BATTERIES OR OTHER BATTERIES AND
INSTRUMENTS OR OTHER ANALOGOUS ELECTRICAL PURPOSES.'
The object of my Invention is the carbonization of cane for use as the electrodes
of arc or the filaments for incandescent electric lamps and which material so
carbonized and prepared may advantageously form porous carbon plates for
secondary or polarization batteries or other batteries and instruments and for other
analogous electrical purposes.
The cane after having been cleaned (and in some cases previously moistened) is
cut to the required lengths or may be shaped by bending or coiled in any
convenient manner according to the purpose for which it is intended to be used,
and then carbonized by being placed in a crucible or other receptacle and subjected
to a great heat for a sufficient length of time which developes the pores of the cane
and renders it fit for the purposes hereinbefore described but previous to its use as
a filament for incandescent electric lamps and after the carbonization process it may
receive a deposit of gas carbon by being suspended to the conducting wires (from
the electrical generator) in a gas receiver and by making and breaking contact and
causing flashes to be produced on the filament in the receiver a coating or deposit
of gas carbon thereon will be effected.
The adaptation of this material as the porous carbon plates of secondary or
storage batteries is evidently advantageous not only on account of its lightness and
the various methods in which it may be built up but on account of its great
porosity and the great surface thereby presented to action. But when used in arc
lamps, it may after carbonization be chemically or otherwise treated so as to fill or
partially fill the pores as it would otherwise burn rapidly
MENTS IN STEAM PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES OR IN APPARATUS THEREWITH,
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Werner Weissenbach at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1882.
WERNER WEISSENBACH, Mechanical Engineer, of Zürich, Switzerland, IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES OR IN APPARATUS
THEREWITH,
CONNECTED
My invention relates to valves or apparatus for reducing the pressure of steam
passing from one part of a conduit to another, and has for its object to make such
apparatus simpler and more reliable than those hitherto used.
My invention consists in placing the loading weight directly over the valve which
closes the steampassage, or in suspending it from the valve without the application
of any levers, so that the pressure on the outlet side of the valve (upper side) is the
sum of the steampressure on that side and the loading weight, in consequence of
which the valve can only be opened, if the steampressure on the inlet side exceeds
that sum. The loading weight is preferably made in the shape of a vertical cylinder
enclosed in the valve chamber, while the valve is conical or of any other suitable
shape. The weight may be made of several superposed and detachable discs of lead
or other heavy metal. It may be guided vertically in the valve chamber and
provided at the top with an elastic packing or cushion for lessening the shock when
striking against the top of the valve chamber.
The loading weight may also be replaced by a direct acting spring enclosed in
the valve chamber, so as to render all stuffing boxes and levers unnecessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OPENING PRESERVED MEAT OR OTHER TINS, CANS, OR OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Howell George at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1882.
THOMAS HOWELL GEORGE of Attleborough in the County of Norfolk Grocer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OPENING PRESERVED MEAT OR OTHER TINS,
CANS, OR OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES,"
"
The object of my said invention is to provide a tool for opening cans of
preserved provisions and other analogous articles, which is superior in its action
and affords greater facilities for offecting such object than those at present in uso.
I construct the said tool constituting my said invention, preferably of steel, fitted
into a handle of hard wood, or other suitable material. The extreme outer end of
the cutter bar is sharpened after the manner of a shear blade, having the cutting
angle formed on one side only, and the other side flat.
Above the shear blado, and between it and the handle, a pin is inserted,
transversely to and through the cutter bar, which acts as a pivot or contre upon
which a bar of steel works. This bar of steel is slotted from one end, the other
end being made solid. The slot extends to nearly the middle of the bar. The side
of the steel bar which is next to the flat side of the cutter, is also sharpened at a
suitable angle, in such a manner that it forms one blade of a pair of shears, while
the cutter forms the other blade. The opposite side of the bar being bevelled to
allow room for the severed metal. The remainder of the bar forms a rest or guide
to assist the leverage, guide the cutter, and form a suitable fulcrum for the cutter
to work upon.
The operation of opening or cutting open a tin or other can, is as follows:-
The handle being held in a vertical position, the cutter is first forced through
the metal can, until the bar rests thereupon. The handle is then pulled backward,
whereby the cutter rises, and shears the metal as far as its own length of blade
will allow; it is then slid forward, and another cut made, and so on until the
operation is completed.

page_text: The size, proportions, and form of the cutter and slotted bar may be varied,
provided that the special mechanical action of my said invention is not departed
from.
The cutter and bar may sometimes be curved laterally in order to cut flat metal
in a circle. Or the bar only may be curved vertically in order to cut away the
cylindrical portion of a can, or other article.
The guide bar may be made from a solid piece of metal, or may be "built” up of
pieces rivetted or bolted together,
MENTS IN LAWN TENNIS MARKERS."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thomson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1882.
WILLIAM THOMSON of Manchester in the County of Lancaster.
MENTS IN LAWN TENNIS MARKERS."
" IMPROVE-
The object of my invention is to mark on lawns and other places clearly defined
lines of uniform width to effect this I make use of a box which is partly filled
with water mixed with whitening or with paint or other suitable inixture for
marking; in this box is fitted a roller that will turn freely on its axis: in bearings
connected to the box I fit a wheel, which I call the marking wheel, and also a
small wheel or pulley. I pass a band over these two wheels which are so placed
that the band passing over them will bear against the upper part of the roller in
the box containing the marking mixture. The marking wheel is in front of the
box and I connect to the back of the box two wheels which support it. I connect
to the box a suitable handle or handles by which it is guided and pressure put .
upon the marking wheel. When the apparatus is in use the marking wheel
presses the band on the lawn or other surface to be marked and the band causes
the roller in the box to revolve: the roller delivers the niarking mixture on to the
outside of the band which marks on the lawn a line of uniform width.
IMPROVED BALANCE VALVE SPECIALLY APPLICABLE AS OUTLET VALVE FOR AIR COMPRESSOR
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Teague Junior of Pool in the County of
Cornwall for an Invention of "IMPROVED BALANCE VALVE SPECIALLY
APPLICABLE AS OUTLET VALVE FOR AIR COMPRESSOR "
"(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Teague Junior at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1882.
"IMPROVED
WILLIAM TEAGUE Junior of Pool in the County of Cornwall.
BALANCE VALVE SPECIALLY APPLICABLE AS OUTLET VALVE FOR AIR COMPRESSOR,"
My Invention for improved balance valve, specially applicable as outlet valve for
air compressor, will also be found most economical in water works, where the outer
pressure is excessive.-With the general arrangement of compressors now in use,
it is not possible to open the outlet valve without a considerable waste of power, as
the valves are forced open by the pressure of air within the cylinder the top of
the valve in all cases being larger on the outside than the part within the beat.
In carrying out my Invention, I adopt mainly the following arrangements.
The valve is fitted in the receiver, and communicates with the compressor by
aperture, said valve working in suitable guides.-The air entering by aperture
forces the valve up, and the air issues into the receiver.-I prefer to cover the joint
at top of valve with rubber fixed by suitable means, although I do not confine
myself to rubber, as a packed piston would have the desired effect.-A rod' is also
used for adjusting the valve, and also set screw for regulating lift of valve.--A set
screw is also employed for keeping valve in position.-Weights can be used if
necessary for adjusting the valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES FOR LOOKING GLASSES, PICTURES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Barnet Moses Simmons, David
Abraham Lowthime, and James Havill Tree at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents on the 4th July 1882.
.
BARNET MOSES SIMMONS, DAVID ABRAHAM LOWTHIME, and JAMES HAVILL
TREE, of 4 and 4ª Bury Street, St. Mary Axe, in the City of London, Looking
Glass and Cabinet Manufacturers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES FOR LOOKING
GLASSES, PICTURES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES ม
Our Invention relates to Velvet, Plush, Cloth, and Leather, covered Frames in the
manufacture of which we propose to use Velvet, Plush, Cloth, or Leather, embossed
in patterns having special reference to the shape and design of the woodwork on
which it is to be placed
Both embossed and plain velvet and plush is now often used for covering frames,
but hitherto the patterns have been substantially the same throughout and have
had no reference to the different parts to which they were applied, of the frame.
Now our Invention consists in embossing velvet, plush, cloth, and leather, with
appropriate designs for each part of the frame, and attaching such embossed velvet,
plush, cloth, or leather, generally in separate pieces, on the corresponding parts of
the woodwork so as to form a complete frame, and thus by combining the embossed
lines on the velvet, plush, cloth, or leather with the corresponding mouldings and
parts of the woodwork we are able to produce elegant combinations, and to give
increased effect to and emphasize the various parts, and to produce more
ornamental effects at a cheaper rate than could be otherwise obtained.
IMPROVENTS IN IMITATION LACE PRINTING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Godfrey Tottem and John
Brown Gloag at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd
January 1882.
ARTHUR GODFREY TOTTEM of No. 17 Viceroy Road Clapham in the County of
Surrey Warehouseman and JoшN BROWN GLOAG of No. 17 Bath Street Newgate
Street in the City of London Commission Agent IMPROVENTS IN IMITATION
LACE PRINTING
The material or design is first submerged into a thin solution of starch-It is
then dried and pressed flat-It is then submerged in litho transfer ink reduced by
turpentine After the turpentine has evaporated the lace is then laid on a
lithograph stone and pressed by means of a press making copy of design-The
stone is then gummed and the material is rolled up rosined and etched with nitric
acid or it may be performed by means as follows.
The material is treated as above and laid on sheets of framed zinc, after trans-
ferring prepare with nutgall and etch to raise the surface of the pattern sufficiently
high for the purpose.
AN IMPROVED ARC ELECTRIC
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Henelade Courtenay of Southampton Buildings
in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED ARC ELECTRIC
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Henelade Courtenay at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th June 1882.
ROBERT HENELADE COURTENAY of Southampton Buildings in the County of
Middlesex "AN IMPROVED ARC ELECTRIC LAMP'
"3
My invention 'relates to a peculiar gripping arrangement for regulating the
carbons in arc electric lamps by which an improved electric lamp is obtained.
According to my invention I employ.one or more solenoids so arranged that each
solenoid shall draw into its interior an iron core or cores which lift by suitable
means a small slotted plate the sides of the slot being of a taper or wedge shape.
In each of the said slots are placed a moveable block which grip the upper carbon
rod firmly when the current passes around the solenoid or solenoids which lifts the
rod and establishes the arc. The aforesaid blocks are retained in position by
springs or other suitable means. Electro magnets may be employed as a substitute
for solenoids. I also employ an adjusting screw to assist in establishing the arc.
I also cause one of the aforesaid blocks to be raised slightly so that it extend
above the other block to prevent it jamming this may be done by a plate or
projection underneath same." The carbon rod or rods are of any form suited to the
aforesaid gripping blocks
may
Where a number of lamps are worked on a single circuit I provide a suitable
shunt arrangement.

page_text: what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters patent is
Firstly the gripping arrangement for regulating the carbons of are Lamps
substantially as set forth.
Secondly the improved are electric lamp substantially as set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said Robert Henelade Courtenay have hereunto
set my hand and seal this thirtieth day of December in the year of
our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING CLIPS SUITABLE FOR HOLDING PROGRAMMES AND NOTICES AND FOR OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Devonshire Saull and
William Reginald Brooks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 15th March 1882.
WILLIAM DEVONSHIRE SAULL, of Wakefield Street, Brunswick Square, in the
county of Middlesex, and WILLIAM REGINALD BROOKS, of Paternoster Row, in
the City of London. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING CLIPS
SUITABLE FOR HOLDING PROGRAMMES AND NOTICES AND FOR OTHER ANALOGOUS
PURPOSES
"
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of spring clips which
are specially applicable to holding programmes in theatres and other places of
amusement or entertainment, and which are also suitable to be employed for
suspending notices and for other analogous purposes.
The said improved clips are constructed in the following manner. A plate is
arranged between two projections or enlargements on a suitable bed plate or base
and is retained in that position by means of a pin or pins or other similar con-
trivances so arranged that the plate is capable of rocking thereon when actuated,
as will be well understood. The front end of the said plate is bevilled or slightly
cut away towards the bed plate, and is caused to bear against the latter by a spring,
of any suitable form, placed between the bed plate and the under surface of the
opposite end of the said rocking plate. When it is desired to place a programme
or other article into a proper position to be clipped the edge of the same is brought
against the bevilled edge of the end of the said plate and is then partially drawn
between the latter and the bed plate, or the said end of the plate can be raised by
pushing down the opposite end against the action of the said spring.
The said spring clips will be found very convenient in places of entertainment
for the suspension of programmes which can be held by clips arranged on the backs
of the seats in front of those occupied by the persons for whose benefit the
programmes are intended.
It will be readily understood that the said last mentioned plates can be made
of various designs such as imitations of musical instruments, coats of arms, and
shells.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITE CARTRIDGE CASES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Kynoch of Witton near Birmingham in the
County of Stafford for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITE
CARTRIDGE CASES"
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Kynoch at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1882.
GEORGE KYNOсn of Witton near Birmingham in the County of Stafford.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITE CARTRIDGE CASES."
According to my present invention instead of securing the tube of a composite
cartridge case into the base by means of a papier maché or paper plug such as has
been heretofore employed I employ for this purpose a plug of wood having a
central hole fitting over the cap chamber, which plug is covered on its front face
with a metal disc. The bottom of the cartridge case is thus made of double thickness
with a wood plug interposed. When the plug with its metal covering is inserted
in the base of the cartridge case and subjected to pressure the plug is entirely
covered in and protected against any action of the explosive or of atmospheric
changes on it. The metal covering is by preference made as a disc with its outer
circumference notched, the notched part being turned up by stamping so as to
form a rim enclosing the sides of the wood plug; and it has a nipple formed on its
front corresponding with that which constitutes the cap chamber in the base of
the cartridge case.
IMPROVED COMBINED PANTOMIMIC TRICK AND PACKING CASE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Henry Lowe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1882.
ALBERT HENRY LOWE of Brixton in the County of Surrey
IMPROVED COMBINED PANTOMIMIC TRICK AND PACKING CASE
"
"A NEW OR
This Invention has for its object a new or improved combined pantomimic trick
and packing case which when performed as a trick affords great diversion and
amusement and when not being so used can readily be converted into a convenient
and useful packing case
To carry out my invention I proceed as follows-Two jointed uprights form the
back standards of a dresser frame-These uprights are firmly held together by
wooden cross bars while fitted in the top of each upright is a pulley-Two short
uprights form the front legs of dresser and have a facia board attached thereto
while fastened to them and to the back uprights are suitable side pieces
When put together these various parts form a frame wherein the dressor top fits
such top being held in position by suitable stops fixed on its underside
The plate rack of the dresser consists of a wooden casing made in two halves
fastened together with hinges so as to fold over and form a packing case when
required Each half is fitted with movable shelves which form the plate rack.
Such casing when open is fixed in position by battens placed across and screwed to
the back thereof while it is attached at the bottom to the dresser top by hinges-
Fastened to each corner of the casing at the top is a rope or wire-These ropes or
wires pass over the pulleys fitted in the tops of the back standards and after
being conducted through suitable guide rings fixed in the floor of the room or stage
out of sight of the audience have their ends tied together
The operation of my improved pantomimic trick is as follows-Having screwed
or otherwise connected the various parts together the plate rack is filled with
dishes plates and other articles-A person dressed to represent a cat jumps on the
dresser and runs up the plate rack-When on the top two cooks seize the dresser
and try to shake the cat off-While they are so engaged another person who is
071

page_text: unseen unties the two ends of the cords and the dresser falls forward with a
tremendous crash,
The object of making the trick in various parts to fit together as described is to
allow of its being readily taken to pieces when not in use, thus affording great
convenience for transport when travelling as by removing the shelves and
unscrewing the battens from the back of the casing it allows the same to be
folded up so as to form a large packing case.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBBINS.
Year: 1882

page_text: (Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Tweedalo at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1882.
EDMUND TWEEDALE of Accrington in the County of Lancaster Manager
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBBINS.'
This invention relates to the bobbins or tubes upon which yarn or thread is spun,
doubled and wound on spinning and doubling machinery, and the object is the
construction of such bobbins or tubes so as to secure strength with lightness and
on which yarn may be steamed or otherwise moistened without the bobbin shrinking
or warping
Bobbins constructed according to this my invention are made of sheet copper,
brass or other non corrosive metal or alloys of metal and corrugated longitudinally
or transversely. By preference the barrel or tube will be "drawn " it may however
consist of sheet corrugated metal brazed or otherwise secured at its joint. An
annular bush or ring is introduced to the opposite ends of bobbin or tube for the
purpose of holding and steadying the same upon the spindle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STORING ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Slater at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th September 1882.
THOMAS SLATER of Notting Hill in the County of Middlesex Electrician
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STORING ELECTRICAL ENERGY
"
This invention relates to improvements in storing electrical energy.
According to my invention the materials of the storage battery to be charged
with the electrical energy are composed of thin sheets of perforated iron or iron
wire gauze upon which is spread a mixture of Sulphate of Magnesia and caustic
soda or potash on one pole and on the other pole a mixture of caustic Soda or
Potash and calcined Magnesia or Carbonate of Magnesia and Sulphate of Magnesia.
The two poles of the cell are separated by a porous diaphragm partition or cell or
by strips of plate glass simply to prevent contact of one pole with the other.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND RELATING TO ELEVATING MACHINERY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Vernon Hope at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th June 1882.
JOHN VERNON HOPE of Wednesbury in the County of Stafford "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND RELATING TO ELEVATING MACHINERY
In an archemedian elevator the quantity of material raised never equals the
actual capacity of the elevator owing to the downward slip of the material being
raised which increases as the gradient becomes steeper and attains its maximum
when the elevator is vertical. This slip has been hitherto counteracted by revolving
the screw at a higher speed but, as the height of the elevator increases the speed
required places it outside the range of practical mechanics-To obviate this I form
an archemedian screw fixed upon a centre shaft, which screw revolves inside a
tube, fitting sufficiently closely to prevent a leakage between the flange of the
screw and the tube (in the case of raising liquids this may be attained by packings
of rubber, leather or other suitable material). Up one side of the tube I form a
slot and in this slot a number of plates connected on their edges outside the tube
by links; and thus forming an endless chain working over pulleys at top and
bottom-These plates move up the slot standing vertically on their edges, and are
of such a size as to fill the spaces between the threads of the screw, the centre
shaft and the tube sufficiently closely to prevent leakage-At each revolution the
screw after filling its lowest turn with material takes in one of these plates which
entirely prevents the material falling back and so carries it to the top of the
elevator-These plates can be made sufficiently long to rest against the centre
shaft on the pressure side or with jaws to partially embrace it in order to give the
plates greater strength to resist the slip of the material
In place of one chain of plates two or more could be used, also if the screw and
tube are formed in one the chain of plates could be brought up a central guide
and over pulleys on the outside.
Surrey IMPROVEMENTS IN LININGS OR PADDINGS FOR SHIRT-FRONTS, AND IN MACHINES FOR MAKING THE SAME
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jasper Wetter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1882. A communication to
him from abroad by Kruse and Breying, of Unter-Barmen, Germany.
"
JASPER WETTER, of New Wandsworth, Surrey IMPROVEMENTS IN LININGS
OR PADDINGS FOR SHIRT-FRONTS, AND IN MACHINES FOR MAKING THE SAME,"
A communication to me from abroad by Kruse and Breying, of Unter-Barmen,
Germany.
This invention relates to the manufacture of linings or paddings used underneath
the front of shirts which linings have hitherto been composed of several pieces of
cloth laid upon each other and united by sewing.
It consists in making the lining of two layers or sheets of woven fabric, woven
simultaneously and united at the outside edges and at the edges of the button hole
or holes. The linings are produced on a band-loom as a continuous band and
afterwards separated from each other, there being a warp for the front side, one
(of coarser yarn) for the backside, a warp for each edge, which warps form at the
same time a joint between the front and backsides, and a warp, (of coarser yarn) for
the button holes. The weft is formed by three rows of shuttles the first serving
for the front side, the third for the backside and the second for weaving a
trade-mark or design on the front side.
In the right and left edge of the continuous band there are left a number of
open places, one right and one left for every lining which is to be cut from the
band, the open portion which forms the top of the lining being subsequently folded
inward to form a point and the edges, then sewn together.
In order to obtain the required width of the fabric, the threads are guided by
a reed, the wires or strings of which converge from top to bottom or vice versa, so
that they are nearer together at the bottom than at the top. This reed is
periodically raised and lowered while weaving, thereby altering the width of the
fabric.
This periodical up and down motion is produced by a regulator composed chiefly
of a ratchet wheel and a cam which is turned from the ratchet wheel, which latter

page_text: is turned by a pawl connected with the lay or batten and receiving from the latter
an oscillating motion, while the cam is turned from the ratchet wheel by means of
toothwheels and abuts against a friction roller attached to a lever from the
extremity of which the movable reed is suspended. For guiding the continuous
band and maintaining its width, three guide rollers are placed in front of the lay,
namely two small rollers and a large one, over and under which the band passes
when coming from the lay.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELASTIC FABRICS APPLIED TO BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Charles Henderson of 6 Southampton Buildings
Holborn for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN ELASTIC FABRICS APPLIED
TO BOOTS AND SHOES A communication to him from abroad by Henri
Suser, Boot and Shoc manufacturer of Nantes in the Department of Loiro
Inférieure
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Charles Henderson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th October 1882.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of G Southampton Buildings Holborn
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ELASTIC FABRICS APPLIED TO BOOTS AND SHOES. A com-
munication to me from abroad by Henri Suser Boot and Shoe: manufacturer
of Nantes in the Department of Loire Inférieure.
This invention relates to that class of elastic fabric employed as side springs
and straps for boots and shoes.
The features of novelty in the manufacture of elastic fabrics consists in the
material having a double face, that is to say both sides alike, and having a doublo
selvage giving additional strength to the material.
The warp and weft threads being worked so that the warp threads of which
two sets are employed instead of being white as is customary in such manufacture
are colored.
In order to make a strong selvage the motion of the shuttles is such that one is
thrown a little in advance of the other or one a little quicker than the other; one
finishing its course before the other.
Instead of opening two sheds on the same side of the india rubber and shooting
them with different sorts of weft, say cotton for one side and silk for the face, the
cotton shoot separating the india rubber, both shoots are of the same material and
worked so as to produce both surfaces alike.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Arthur Charles Henderson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th April 1883.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 6 Southampton Buildings Holborn
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELASTIC FABRICS APPLIED TO BOOTS AND SHOES
A com-
munication to me from abroad by Henri Suser, Boot and Shoe Manufacturer
of Nantes in the Department of Loire Inférieure
This invention relates to that class of elastic fabric employed as side springs
and straps for boots and shoes.
The features of novelty in the manufacture of elastic fabrics consists in the 1
material having a double face, that is to say both sides being alike, and having a
double selvage, giving additional strength to the material.
The warp and weft threads being worked so that the warp threads of which
two sets are employed instead of being white as is customary in such manufacture
aro colored.
In order to make a strong selvage the motion of the shuttles is such that one
-is-thrown a little in advance of the other, one finishing its course before the
.other
Instead of opening two sheds on the same side of the india rubber and shooting
them with different sorts of weft, say cotton for one side and silk for the face, the
cotton shoot separating the india rubber, both shoots are of the same material and
worked so as to produce-both-surfaces-alike..
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of tho Commissioners of Patents on the 5th January 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by F. E. Berta, of Fulda, in the German Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CANDLES." A communication from abroad by F. E. Berta, of Fulda, in the
German Empire.
This Invention has for its object to prevent the loss of tallow or other material
from which candles are composed, by dropping down over the sides of the candle
after its upper end has become liquid. Also to prevent candles from being bent or
from sticking together during transport under the influence of heat. For this
purpose 1 surround the candle with a thin coat of solid material such as paper or
other suitable material which may burn away in proportion as the candle is
consumed, or I cast the mass forming the candle into a cylindrical or otherwise
shaped receptacle, made of paper, tinfoil or other suitable material and preventing
the liquefied mass from escaping down the sides of the candle. This Invention is
applicable to ordinary candles as well as to night lights, or other special shapes and
sizes of candles.
AN IMPROVED STEAM STEERING APPARATUS FOR NAVIGABLE VESSELS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jones Saunders at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th June 1882.
JONES SAUNDERS of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED
STEAM STEERING APPARATUS FOR NAVIGABLE VESSELS."
Heretofore in the construction of steam steering apparatus, it has generally been
the practico to use two cylinders arranged to work a pair of cranks, or their
equivalent, which were in the same centre line and plane of the diameters of the
cylinders, increasing the power by some system of multiplying gear.
In
According to my Invention 1 simply arrange two cylinders athwart ships,
vertically, or at an angle and of sufficient dimensions to give the necessary power
with the pressure of steam obtainable. The cylinders are preferably of the inverted
type and their connecting rods each work a crank shaft, or its equivalent. These
crank shafts are placed parralel to each other and transversely to the cylinders in
a fore and aft direction. The cranks of the shafts are set at right angles to each
other and the shafts are coupled together by a bar, or link in manner similar to
the driving wheels of a locomotive. I provide each shaft with a chain, or gipsey
wheel, and with eccentrics for actuating the slide valves of the cylinders of which
I prefer to fit four, one pair forward and one aft. Between the cylinders I fit
horizontally a pipe, or chamber (with steam and exhaust ports) communicating at
the fore end to the front slide valves and at the aft end to the aft slide valves.
this horizontal pipe or chamber, I place a controlling valve the function of which is
to give steam to the slide valves as may be required for controlling the action of the
engine. Between the crank shafts, but above them, I place a spindle one end of
which carries another chain, or gipsey wheel which is set in the same vertical plane
with the before mentioned chain, or gipsey wheels on the crank shafts. The
steering chain passes between, or round the three gipsey wheels, the wheels of the
crank shafts operating the chain and the intermediate wheel being adjustable. The
spindle of the third gipsey wheel carries a cut off device which consists of a screw
on the spindle end, which operates a sliding sleeve with a reverse screw,
function of which is to move a lever, which operates the controlling valve. The
steering wheel operating the sleeve works the valve and the movement of the
the

page_text: spindle causes the steam to pass, by the action of the controlling valve, either to the
forward, or aft pairs of valves, as may be required, that the engine shall work to
port, or starboard. The whole apparatus is carried on an ordinary base plate, in
which the crank shafts have their bearings, the cylinders being supported by an
upright column, or frame the outer sides of the cylinders being supported by
light vertical columns from the base plate, if required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1882. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by James Hugh Meacham, of the City of Petersburg,
in the County of Dinwiddie and State of Virginia, United States of America,
Gentleman.
"
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A M and W Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent Agents, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS [Communicated to him from abroad by James
Hugh Meacham, of the City of Petersburg, in the County of Dinwiddie and State
of Virginia, United States of America, Gentleman]
This Invention is an improvement in the class of iron railroad-ties having a
flat base and vertical longitudinal web formed on the upper side of the latter.
The improvement is embodied in the construction and arrangement of parts as
hereinafter described whereby I produce a tie having maximum lightness and
strength, and other qualities that confer additional advantages in manufacture and
practical use.
The cross-tie bas a broad flat, rectangular base, and a vertical central longitudinal
web, or flange on its upper side, so that in cross-section the tie has approximately
the form of an inverted T. These parts are constructed as thin as consistent with
the required strength of the tie.
Near each end, vertical flanges project laterally on opposite sides of the web
and a rectangular box is formed at the junction of said parts to receive a wooden
block that supports the rail. Such box or case is cast in one piece with the body
of the tie. Its edges rise on three sides to about the height of the web but the
fourth side is cut away, to allow a prizing-tool to be applied to the side of the
block for the purpose of conveniently removing it when required.
The rail is secured by means of two bolts that pass through the wooden block
and bottom of the box also through washers whose lateral flanges overlap and rest
on the base of the rail. In place of using such washers, I may construct the bolt-
head with a notch, or recess, on one side to receive the edge of the rail-flange.
The base of the tie may be cut away in the middle, the object being not only to
וע ...rD

page_text: reduce the weight and cost of the tie, but chiefly to remove any liability of fracture
of the tie in "Soft" weather that is to say, when the road-bed being wet, becomes .
soft, and hence yields readily to the great pressure imposed on the ties by passing
trains. In such case, the ends of the tie. sinking lower than the middle, it is
subjected to a great strain at that point; but by dispensing with the base-flanges &
in the middle portion of the tie, such portion will cut down into the road bed
in the case above mentioned, and thus the danger of breaking the tie will be
avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO SLIDING WINDOWS MAINLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Francon Williams at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1882.
JOHN FRANCON WILLIAMS, of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster Editor
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO SLIDING WINDOWS MAINLY ADAPTED
FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER VEHICLES"
The principal object is to construct sliding windows or sashes in such manner that
they can be easily raised lowered and fixed at the desired height, and will fit closely
and tightly to the frames so as to exclude draughts and dust.
The essential feature of the Invention is the use in combination of bottom guides
and top hooks or fasteners.
In carrying my Invention into practice I make the bottom of the window or
sash with runners which fit into grooves or move on ribs or guides in or secured
to the side frames. The top of the window or sash I fit with hooks or fastening
pieces which take into openings or eyes formed in series up one or preferably both
of the side frames.
In use the window or sash is raised and lowered by means of a lip or other handle
secured at the top and is retained at the required height by the hooks or fastening
pieces passing into or through the openings or eyes. The runners at the bottom
retain the lower part of the window or sash in contact with the side frames and the
same office is performed at the top by the hooks or fastening pieces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL WINDOWS, BLINDS, SCREENS, LANTERNS AND OTHER TRANSLUCENT OBJECTS AND IN THE MODE OF FIXING GLASS OR OTHER REFLECTING SUBSTANCE THEREIN "
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Lasenby Liberty at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th July 1882.
ARTHUR LASENBY LIBERTY of 218 Regent Street in the County of Middlesex
East India Merchant IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL
WINDOWS, BLINDS, SCREENS, LANTERNS AND OTHER TRANSLUCENT OBJECTS AND IN
THE MODE OF FIXING GLASS OR OTHER REFLECTING SUBSTANCE THEREIN
"
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction of ornamental
windows, blinds, screens, panels, pilasters, cases, lanterns and other ornamental
objects requiring or not requiring translucency and in the mode of fixing glass or
other reflecting substance therein.
My Invention consists of a reticulated lattice or other framework of a more or
less ornamental character constructed of wood or other suitable material and
having apertures which are preferably trefoiled quatrefoiled or multifoiled in form
or of other regular geometrical or natural figure presenting inwardly salient angles
or projections in order to afford a means as hereafter described of holding the glass
or other reflecting substance without the use of putty or any material which would
lessen the translucent or reflecting effect and in the combination therewith of
spheres bull's eyes, lenses balls or other shaped pieces of glass or reflecting
substance fitted and held in said apertures. The frame is preferably constructed
of plain or ornamental slips, pieces, or plain or carved bars of wood or other
suitable material crossing one another and halved together or united by notches or
recesses cut or carved in them embracing and fitted in and upon other corre-
spondingly notched, recessed or carved portions and combined so as to form a frame
preferably having plane surfaces on both sides and of the proper thickness and
with the proper shaped apertures to receive and hold the bull's eyes or other pieces
of glass or reflecting substance as next described.
The apertures of the frame have inwardly salient angles or projections which are
notched with re-entering V or other shaped grooves or recesses adapted to receive
and hold the bull's eyes or other shaped pieces of plain or colored glass or reflecting
substance, which is held in the said notches as in a setting at points around its

page_text: perimeter leaving vacant spaces around the shaped pieces of glass or other reflecting
substance for the transmission of light which passes through in all directions
enhancing the general effect.
The glass or other reflecting substance is held in its setting by a small quantity
of transparent cement dropped between it and the cavity of the V notches in which
it is held.