IMPROVE- MENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR to
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES ENRIGHT, Electrician of 202 Holland Road, Kensington in the
county of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR to be as follows:→
If a train approach a signal which is set at danger, and which cannot be seen
by the driver on account of, the curvature of the line, dense fog or other cause,
I arrange in the following manner, that the steam whistle is blown, the brake put
on, and if necessary the steam cut off;-an electric current with battery in any
convenient position (perhaps on train) is completed by two events. (1) the signal
being at danger (this signal need not be the ordinary signal board or lamp but a
key in a signal box or elsewhere,) and (2) the train's reaching a point near
the signal at which it should stop or proceed cautiously. The circuit is then
complete. A current passes through the train (by the method described in a
patent granted to me on the 28th August 1883) which current excites an electro
magnet which in its turn actuates the lever which blows the steam whistle or cuts
off the steam, or opens the valve of an atmospheric brake. When, as in most cases
the strength of an electro magnet or magnets even when operated by a relay is
insufficient for these purposes, 1 uso what I call the trigger action of the electro
magnet. That is to say I employ a supplementary machine on the train and I use
the strength of the electro magnet to throw this machine into action. A "step by
step" instrument with cylinder carrying pins is very suitable. It is clear that in
this manner the steam whistle may be blown & the train braked at any place by a
signalman in his box if the circuit be extended to him, & a key inserted there.
Instead of the steam whistle any other obtrusive signal may be employed on the
Engine or other part of the train.

page_text: I, JAMES ENRIGHT, Electrician of 202 Holland Road, Kensington do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING
AND APPARATUS THEREFOR and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
For this
If a train approach a signal which is set at Danger but which cannot be seen
by the Driver on account of the curvature of the line, denso fog or other cause I
arrange I arrange that the posture of the signal is indicated on the train
purpose I fix a Telegraph wire near the rails on the ordinary Telegraph posts and
insulated in the ordinary manner At certain points branch conductors are led
from this Telegraph to insulated contact posts fixed on the permanent way as
described in my specification dated August 28th 1883 and others lodged by me
supplementary to it. The Telegraph wire is led. to the post bearing the visual
signal-thence to Earth through a battery in the Signal Box. On this post bearing
the visual signal an ordinary key is inserted so that it (the key) is operated by the
movements of the signal. At one position of the signal the circuit is open, at the
other it is closed. Or the visual signal may be used to reverse the current if a
polarized Instrument be used on the train as an Indicator.
On the train two contact bars are fixed side-by-side These are metallic,
insulated from the train and from one another, bent upwards at each end and
_suspended_by_strong_links_or_straps,_or_it_may_be_by_spiral springs.
On the Engine is placed a Battery and a doubly coiled Electro-magnet or
galvanometer preferably the former. One of the coils of the Electro-magnet is
joined electrically to one of the contact bars (the first) by one end and to one pole
of the battery by the other end. The other pole of the battery is connected to the
body of the Locomotive. One end of the second coil of the Electro-magnet is
connected to the contact bar just referred to,-the other end of it (the second coil)
is connected to the second contact bar. This second contact bar floats over the
insulated contact post already mentioned which is connected to the Line wire, so
when the train is over a post the Line wire becomes an extension of the second
coil of the Electro-magnet.
Abreast with the insulated contact post is an uninsulated contact post over
which the first contact bar floats. Thus when the train passes over a pair of posts
both circuits are simultaneously short circuited. The connections are so made
with the batteries that the currents run in the coils of the Electro-magnet so as to
neutralize each other and the Electro-magnet does not operate its armature.
however the Line wire be any where, broken by the visual signal being put to
Danger or otherwise the armature will be operated.
If
The upper surfaces of the contact posts may be saddle-shaped, and the lower
surfaces of the contact bars are shaped accordingly.
It is clear that if a single coil be used the making of the circuit by the signal
being put to Danger operates the armature.
The movement of the armature works a Relay as described in a former Specifi-
cation or directly or indirectly opens the valve of an atmospheric brake or actuates
a steam whistle or other indicator.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The method herein described of Electrically connecting a visual signal
with an Indicator on the train substantially as described.

page_text: Second. The double circuit Instrument herein described for purposes of Signalling
substantially as described.
Third. The method herein described of simultaneously short-circuiting both coils
of the double circuit Instrument substantially as described.
Dated this 5th day of Junuery 1985
J. ENRIGHT.