IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR PROCESS OF TREATING LIQUIDS OR SOLUTIONS OR LIQUID OR MOIST MIXTURES OF MATTERS WITH ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND OTHER GASES IN ORDER TO PRODUCE OXIDATION AND OTHER CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE MATTERS UNDER TREATMENT to be ass
Year: 1885

page_text: We WILLIAM FREDERICK BARTON MASSEY-MAIN WARING of N° 30 Grosvenor
Place Hyde Park in the County of Middlesex Bachelor of Laws and JAMES
EDMUNDS of N° 8 Grafton Street Piccadilly in the County of Middlesex Doctor
of Medicine Member of the Royal College of Physicians of London Medical Officer
of Health and Public Analyst for the District of Saint James Westminster do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OR PROCESS OF TREATING LIQUIDS OR SOLUTIONS OR LIQUID OR MOIST
MIXTURES OF MATTERS WITH ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND OTHER GASES IN ORDER TO
PRODUCE OXIDATION AND OTHER CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE MATTERS UNDER
TREATMENT to be as follows:-
"
Our Invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the method
or process of treating liquid matters and solutions of matters and liquid or moist
mixtures of matters with atmospheric air and other gases in order to produce
oxidation and other chemical changes in such matters.
gases
In treating liquids and solutions and inoist and liquid mixtures with air or
according to the ordinary method the air or gases is or are caused to simply pass
through the liquids or solutions or mixtures under treatment. This process is
attended by the following disadvantages or inconveniences.
The air or gases in passing through the matters under treatment is or are
brought only partially into contact with the said matters consequently it is
generally necessary to continue the process for a considerable period in order
to obtain the required result and when the matters thus treated are of a volatile
nature they are partially carried off by the air or gases passing through them and
are lost if the air or gases be not passed through apparatus in which the volatile
matters are separated from the air or gases and recovered.
The objects of our invention are to expedite the said process and to ensure
its efficiency and to avoid the inconveniences resulting from the escape of the
matters under treatment.

page_text: According to our said invention we place the matters to be treated in a suitable
air tight vessel and we force into them by means of a force pump or otherwise the
air or gas or gases with which they are to be treated and thus cause the said air or
gases to be dissolved in or absorbed by the said matters or to be thoroughly inter-
mixed there with or interspersed among the particles thereof. The said matters are
thus thoroughly and rapidly acted on by the air or gas or gases forced into them
and the objections herein before referred to which attend the process as ordinarily
conducted is avoided.
.
In some cases we subject a portion of the matter to be treated to the improved
process hereinbefore described and then add the portion so treated to a further
portion of the matter to be treated and thus utilize any surplus air or gas or gases
contained in the portion first treated Or we force the air or gas or gases into any
liquid or semi liquid matter which may advantageously be added to the matters to
be treated and afterward add the said matters together.

page_text: Improvements in the Method or Process of Treating Liquids
or Solutions, or Liquid or Moist Mixtures of Matters with
Atmospheric Air and other Gases. in Order to Produce
We WILLIAM FREDERICK BARTON MASSEY-MAINWARING of N° 30 Grosvenor
Place Hyde Park in the County of Middlesex Bachelor of Laws and JAMES
EDMUNDS of N° 8 Grafton Street Piccadilly in the County of Middlesex Doctor
of Medicine Member of the Royal College of Physicians of London Medical Officer -
of Health and Public Analyst for the District of Saint James Westminster do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OR PROCESS OF TREATING LIQUIDS OR SOLUTIONS OR LIQUID OR MOIST
MIXTURES OF MATTERS WITH ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND OTHER GASES IN ORDER TO
PRODUCE OXIDATION AND OTHER CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE MATTERS UNDER
TREATMENT" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
.
Our invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the method
or process of treating liquid matters and solutions of matters and liquid or moist
mixtures of matters with atmospheric air and other gases in order to produce
oxidation and other chemical changes in such matters.
In treating liquids and solutions and moist and liquid mixtures with air or gases
according to the ordinary method the air or gases is or are caused to simply pass
through the liquids or solutions or mixtures under treatment. This process is
attended by the following disadvantages or inconveniences.
The air or gases in passing through the matters under treatment is or are
brought only partially into contact with the said matters consequently it is
generally necessary to continue the process for a considerable period in order
to obtain the required result and when the matters thus treated are of a volatile
nature they are partially carried off by air or gases passing through them and are
lost unless the off going air or gases be passed through apparatus in which the
volatile matters are separated from the air or gases and recovered and in cases
where the volatile matters are of an offensive nature and it is not required to
recover them their discharge into the atmosphere produces a nuisance.
The objects of our invention are to expedite the said process and to ensure
its efficiency and to avoid the inconveniences resulting from the escape of the
matters under treatment.
According to our said invention we place the matters to be treated in a suitable
air tight vessel and we force into the said vessel by means of a force pump or
otherwise the air or gas or gases with which the said matters are to be treated and
thus we cause the said air or gases to be dissolved in or absorbed by the said
matters or to be thoroughly intermixed therewith or interspersed among the
particles thereof. The vessel used must be of sufficient strength to withstand the

page_text: -
.
pressure to which it is required to subject it (which pressure in ordinary cases need
not exceed two hundred pounds to the square inch) and the said vessel may be of
any convenient form and construction and of any convenient material which will
not injuriously act on or be injuriously acted on by the matters to be placed
or forced into the vessel.. In cases where offensive effluvia are contained in or
accompany the air or gas which on removal of the pressure is liberated from the
matters under treatment we neutralize such effluvia by causing the liberated gas to
be acted on by appropriate disinfectants and we sometimes discharge the residual
gases through a lofty chimney.
In carrying out our process offensive effluvia (if there be any) are confined in a
comparatively small volume of air or gas and. moreover, are under control being
contained in a closed vessel in passing from which they can be neutralized withi
facility.
In some cases we subject a portion only of the matter to be treated to tho
improved process herein before described and then add the portion so treated to a
further portion or to the remainder of the matter to be treated and thus utilize any
surplus air or gas or gases contained in the portion first treated. Or we force the
air or gas or gases into any liquid or semi liquid matter which may advantageously
be added to the matters to be treated and afterward add the said matters together
The addition of the treated matters to the untreated matters may be effected by
placing the latter in a second closed vessel of sufficient strength and connected with
that containing the treated matters. Then on opening communication between the
two. vessels the elasticity of the compressed gas in the first vessel may be utilized
to expel into the second vessel the matters first treated and so to cause the treated
matters to mix with the untreated matters. -
Apparatus suitable for conducting the last described process is illustrated in
clevation in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings the parts of which drawings
are hereinafter referred to by the letters and figures marked thereon. In the said
Figure 1 A is a vessel in which the matters to be first treated or the portion of the
matters to be first treated is placed and B is a vessel in which are placed the
matters to which those first treated are to be added or the further portion or
the remainder of the matter the first portion of which is to be treated in the
vessel A. C is a pipe by which the vessel A is connected to the forcing apparatus
(which is not shown in the drawing) and D is a pipe which communicates between
the interior of the vessel A and the interior of the vessel B the said pipes C and D
being provided with stop cocks c¹, d. The said vessels A and B require to be
furnished with means admitting of insertion of the matters to be treated and their
removal after treatment and for the liberation of the residual air or gases which
means are not shown in the drawing and may consist of tubes provided with stop-
cocks or of apertures provided with any known means for producing an air tight
closure.
The method of using the said apparatus is as follows:-The stopcock having
been closed and the vessels A and B charged with the matters to be treated
communication between the forcing apparatus and the vessel A is opened by means
of the stopcock c¹ and the required quantity of air or gas or gases is forced into the
vessel A. The compressed residual air or gas in the said vessel A is then allowed
to discharge the matters therein into the matters contained in the vessel B by
simply opening the stopcock d or if it be desired to liberate the said residual air
or gas from the vessel A before discharging the treated matters therefrom they are
forced into the vessel B by means of the forcing apparatus connected to the
pipe C.
う
In cases where continued compression is not required or where it is not required
to collect or, recover such of the surplus air or gas or gases forced into the matters.
in the vessel. A as may not be absorbed by or dissolved in the matters in the
vessel B the latter vessel may be open to the atmosphere.
The matters treated, by the process hereinbefore described are, thoroughly and.
rapidly acted on, by the air or gas or gases forced into them and the objections!

page_text: bereinbefore referred to which attend the process as ordinarily conducted are
avoided.
In the case of liquid matters when it is preferred to first treat a portion thereof
and then add it to a further portion this may be conveniently done by forcing or
discharging the treated portion into the lower part of a downward flowing column
of the untreated matters. An arrangement by which this may be effected is
illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings and is hereinafter described.
F is a pipe leading from a vessel (not shown in the said Figure 2) in which the
first portion of the liquid is treated which pipe is passed down a well or shaft G
the interior of which is divided from the top to nearly the bottom by a partition H.
The matter to which the treated matter is to be added is caused to flow from a pipe
or channel 1 into the well G descending on one side of the partition H and ascend-
ing on the other side and flowing off by a pipe or channel J as indicated by the
arrows in the said Figure 2. The lower end of the pipe F is provided with
a spreader K which is situated near the bottom of the well on that side of the
partition H on which the liquid descends.
By this means the treated matters are discharged into the untreated matters at a
pressure the amount of which is dependent on the height of the column of liquid
beneath which the discharge takes place. For instance at the bottom of a column
thirty two feet high the treated matters would be discharged under a pressure of
fifteen pounds to the square inch above that of the atmosphere. In this way the
air or gases contained in the treated matter may be retained in solution sufficiently
long to act upon the untreated liquids to the extent required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we wish it to be understood that
although we have described and illustrated certain arrangements or forms of
apparatus by the use of which our Invention may be practically carried into effect
we make no claim to the use of such arrangements or apparatus neither do we limit
ourselves to the use thereof as other arrangements or forms of apparatus may be
used nor do we limit ourselves to the precise details of the process or processes
bereinbefore described as the said details may be varied without departing from
the nature of our Invention but we declare that what we claim as our said Inven-
tion of "Improvements in the method or process of treating liquids or solutions
or liquid or moist mixtures of matters with atmospheric air and other gases in
order to produce oxidation and other chemical changes in the matters under
treatment" is
First. Forcing the air or gas or gases with which the liquids or solutions or
matters are to be treated into the said liquids or solutions or matters under
a pressure exceeding that of the atmosphere substantially as and for the purpose
bereinbefore described.
Secondly. Forcing liquids or solutions or matters treated with air or gas or gases
under a pressure oxceeding that of the atmosphere into similar liquids or solutions
or matters in an untreated state or into other liquids or solutions or mattors which
it is required to treat with such air or gas or gases whether the liquids or solutions
or matters last referred to be under atmospheric pressure or under a pressure
greater than that of the atmosphere.
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