Improvements in Brush Making Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Dec., 1897-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brush Making Machines.
We, THE CLINCH BROOM MANUFACTURING COMPANY, of San Francisco, United
States of America, Brush Manufacturers, and RICARDO GEORGE ZAIN, Secretary
of the said Company, & of 113, Davis Street, San Francisco, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in machines for making brushes, and
more particularly to that class of machines for making brushes from rattan or
other heavy material.
The objects which are sought to be attained by this invention are: 1st, rapidity
and cheapness of manufacture of the brushes; 2nd, regularity in the size and
shape of the tufts of fiberous material of which the brush is composed: and 3rd,
certainty of securing the tufts in position.
In the drawings:-
-
Fig. 1, is a side elevation of the invention.
Fig. 2, is an enlarged detail view in side elevation of the end of the plunger and
driving rod.
Fig. 3, is a detail view in cross section taken on the line, X-X, in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4, is a detail in plan of the bunching mechanism.
Fig. 5, is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 6, is a detail side elevation of the stuffing bar of the bunching mechanism.
Fig. 7, is a detail in plan of the driving plate of the stuffing bar.
Fig. 8, is a cross section, in detail, of the casing for the bunching mechanism.
Fig. 9, is a cross section of the thrusting bar of the bunching mechanism.
Fig. 10, is a cross section of the stuffing bar shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 11, is a detail in side elevation of the separating trigger of the bunching
mechanism.
Fig. 12, is a comparative view in elevation of the cams for operating the bending
and fastening mechanism.
Fig. 13, is a cross section of the brush made by this invention, encased in its
registering templet.
The article for the manufacture, of which this invention is particularly designed,
is a brush, the tufts of which are composed of rattan or other heavy material.
These tufts are secured in a block or back prepared with a series of holes bored
partly through the block, the fastening consisting of staples. The staples are
clinched after being driven through the block to prevent their falling out or
loosening.
The stock or rattan is placed on the operating table, E, and the ends are rested
on the inclined tracks, A¹, which are slanted toward the feed gauge, A2, so as to
carry the stock forward against the heel of the same. The stock is maintained in
line by two side or check boards, A³. To separate the stock so as to form the
tufts or bunches forming the tufts is the office of the stuffing bar, A*, thrusting
bar, A5, and separating trigger, A.

page_text: The casing, A7, in which the stuffing bar, thrusting bar and trigger, operate is
fastened stationarily to the feed table, E, and its upper edges rest a short distance
under the foot, A8, of the feed gauge, separated therefrom the thickness of a single
strand of the rattan being handled. In slots, A³, formed inside the said casing
are extended the flanges, A10, of the thrusting bar, A5. This bar is channelled
to receive the stuffing bar, A. The upper edges of the sides of the thrusting bar
are flush with those of the casing and are extended under the entire length of the
foot, A8, of the feed gauge. It is upon these upper edges of the thrusting bar
that the required amount of stock to form the tufts are deposited by the stuffing
bar, A.
In its operation the stuffing bar is reciprocated rapidly in the channel of the
thrusting bar, A5. In this operation it is actuated by the connecting plate, A",
which is engaged to the driving mechanism which produces the reciprocating
action as hereinafter described. The plate, A", is secured in position on the
casing, A7, by the flat headed screw, A2, the shank of which is extended through
the slot, A13, in the said plate, which acts as a guide to maintain the same in line.
The stuffing bar, A, is engaged by the pins, A¼, which are extended through
elongated slots in the side of the casing and thrusting bar and inserted in the
inclined slots, A5, A5, in the stuffing bar. When now the plate, A", is driven
back and forth the stuffing bar is given the double action of beating back and
forth lengthwise of the channel in the thrusting bar, and also that of being raised
above the upper edges of the casing, A', driving its forward movement, and of
being lowered below the said edges during the backward movement. These latter
actions are imparted by the connections of the pins, A14, in the inclined slots, A15,
for the reason that as the plate, A", is drawn back the pins, A14, are drawn to the
rear and highest part of the slots, A15, and the pins being operated on a level it
will be seen that the bar is depressed when the pins engage the rear end of the
slots. The reverse action and effect is produced on the forward thrust of the
stuffing bar. The purpose of this raising and lowering the stuffing bar in its
forward and rearward movement is to carry it freely under the stock in receding
and to raise it to engage the stock in moving forward. For this latter purpose it
is provided with the ratchet teeth, A16, which are inclined forward. These teeth
come up under the stock as it lies in front of the feed gauge and engage the lower-
most pieces of rattan and forces them forward under the foot of the feed gauge
where it leaves them in a layer the thickness of a single strand, as it is receded
being dropped to deposit them on top of the upper edges of the thrusting bar
This action is repeated four times in rapid succession, thus insuring the filling of
the space under the foot of the feed gauge. The material which is thus carried
under the feed gauge is limited in its forward movement by the toe plate, A1,
which extends down to near the upper surface of the thrusting bar, too close to
pass the rattan. To insure the raising and lowering of the stuffing bar prior to
its movement either backward or forward direction there is let in the side of it
the spring, A8, which is bowed in form, bears against and produces a slight
friction on the side of the channel of the thrusting bar sufficient to steady its action
and cause the pins, A, to pull to the extremities of the slots, A15, before advancing
or receding the bar.
When the material has been forced into position under the gauge the thrusting
bar is drawn suddenly back. In doing so the separating trigger, A6, is forced
upward and caused to extend its point through the brush material. The trigger
is mounted in the sides of the casing, A7, and extends forward having a shoulder
rounded underneath to receive the raised portion, A19, of the thrusting bar. This
raised portion when driven under the said shoulder raises the point of the trigger
and holds it so until the thrusting bar has been advanced, when the said trigger
again drops to permit the material to be stuffed forward against the toe plate, A17.
As the rattan is of nearly the same size it will be seen that practically the same
number of strands of the material are divided off by the trigger at each operation.
When the thrusting bar is withdrawn as described the material which has been

page_text: separated by the trigger will be dropped in front of the said bar, and on the for-
ward thrust will be carried to the limit of the forward movement. Here the
material lies until moved forward by the advancing forks, A20, into the throat of
the bending and fastening mechanism. The advancing forks, A20, are attached to
the end of the guide plates, A2, which are mounted in guides on either side of the
upright portion of the frame forming the run-way for the bending mechanism.
The mounting consists in forming the angular slots, A, A, the upper portion of
which is set at an angle to the perpendicular, and in setting in these slots guide
pins, A 23 /A, having large flat heads to hold the plates in position. By
means of this mounting the forks are given a preliminary downward stroke which
sinks the forks behind the material which has been advanced by the thrusting bar,
as described, while the latter part of the stroke causes the pins, A23, to impinge
upon the inclined portion of the slots and force the said forks forward to either
side of the plunger, B1, of the bending and fastening mechanism. To permit
these forks to descend the feed table, E¹, is provided with the opening, E³. The
plates, A2, are connected by a yoke, A2, which is provided with a lug carrying a
friction roller which is extended into a cam slot in the face of the eccentric
wheel, A25, mounted on the driving shaft of the machine, from which shaft the
various driving mechanisms are operated.
The thrusting bar and the stuffing bar above described are both operated from
the wheel, A2, on the opposite sides of which are mounted suitable cams. The
series of cams, A27, operate the connecting mechanism to produce the rapid recipro-
cation of the stuffing bar as described. The connecting mechanism consists in
the bent lever, A28, which is fulcrummed in the frame of the machine, and which is
provided at the one end with the friction roller, A2, which bears on the raised cam
flange on the wheel, A26. At the free end this lever is connected to the one arm
of the bell crank lever, A30, and by means of the connecting rod, A³¹. The other
arm of the bell crank, A30, is forked to straddle a pin set out from the plunger
rod, A3, which is likewise engaged by the forked extension, A33, on the plate, A",
which is connected with the stuffing bar as described. About the plunger rod, A3,
is mounted a spiral spring, A34, the tension of which is exerted between a bearing
of the said plunger rod and the rod itself, and produces the effect on the connec-
tions of forcing the end of the lever, A29, having the friction roller, A2, against
the cam flange on the wheel, A. By means of this arrangement of the parts
when the wheel, A26, revolves, the end of the lever having the roller, A2, drops,
into the depressions between the cams, A2, as they are presented and permits the
spring, A4, to drive the plunger, A, and stuffing bar forward, to be immediately
withdrawn by the roller, A, traveling up the inclined side of the next succeed-
ing cam, A2, over which it rides to produce another forward thrust of the stuffing
bar. This continues until the roller is carried on to the long raised surface of the
flange, in which position the stuffing bar is receded and depressed.
The driving connections for the thrusting bar are operated by the cam, A5,
which is bracketed out from the opposite side of the wheel, A26, and the cam sur-
face is turned toward the wheel. Fulcrumed on the frame of the machine is the
lever, A36, the upper end of which extends into the path of the cam, A35, and is
adapted to be deflected thereby. The lower end of the lever, A3, is forked and
straddles the pin, A3, which is extended from the side of the thrusting bar. To
maintain the lever, A, in position normally there is provided a spring which
returns the parts to their normal position immediately the end of the lever has
passed over the cam. The action of this lever is to draw the thrusting bar back-
ward while the action of the spring advances it.
The position of the cam, A3, is such as to cause the action described as to the
thrusting bar to follow after the stuffing bar has come to a rest.
Thus it will be seen, the stock is separated into the required quantities by the
joint operations of the stuffing bar, the separating trigger and the thrusting bar.
Also when so separated the bunches are delivered into the bending and fastening
mechanism by the advancing forks.

page_text: The bending and fastening mechanism consists of the plunger, B₁, and driving
rod, B, together with their driving mechanisms, the cams, 133, and 14. It is into
the throat, B, in the plunger, B', that the material for the tufts is forced or car-
ried by the advancing forks, A20, after being separated as described. In advanc-
ing these bunches they are forced into and held in the throat against the farther
wall thereof to squeeze the material to allow the legs of the fastening staples to
pass to either side of the bunches as they are brought down by the driving rod, 13ª.
In its operation the driving rod, B2, is lifted above the latch, C', and is driven
below the end of the plunger to near the bottom of the holes into which the staples
are driven.
Upon the end of the latch, C', the staples are successively carried to
be taken off by the driving rod in its descent. While the plunger, B¹, is main-
tained stationary by the cam, 133, the driving rod, 132, is depressed to drive the
fastening staple over the bunch and down between the rollers, B.
136,
bending the ends of the bunch upward. In this position the plunger and driving
rod descend together until the end of the plunger rests just above the block form-
ing the back of the brush. At this point the plunger is arrested but the driving
rod continues to the full limit of its stroke driving the staple into the holes pro-
vided in the block, and through the same.
133
B10
The plunger, B', in mounted in the end of the bracket, B7, which is extended
from the bed, 18. The bed, 138, is mounted in guide slots in the upright por-
tion, 139, of the frame. In slots formed in the face of this upright portion, Bº,
the bed, 138, is guided in its movement, as it is raised and lowered by the cam,
to which it is connected by the pins provided with the friction rollers, B¹º.
which extend over and under the flange forming the said cam. By means of this
engagement the plunger is raised and lowered directly by the cam, and according
to the curvature of the same.
The driving rod is guided in a perforation extending lengthwise through the
plunger, B. It is engaged by the cam, 134, by a construction similar to that
between the cam, B³, and bed, 138. At the lower end the driving rod is reduced
in size and the reduced portion is provided with side flanges, B", guide slots
being provided in the plunger to receive them. The spread of these flanges is
equal to the spread of the fastening staples used in this machine, so that the staples
are likewise guided by the slots in the plunger, as they are being driven down
the same.
When the tufts have been fastened in the block the two sides are drawn in
between the rollers, B6, 1, (the driving rod having ascended above the throat, B5).
The openings or passage ways to either side of the driving rod, B2, when down
between the rollers, 136, are staggered, that is they are thrown to either side of the
driving rod. By means of this construction the tufts are drawn out to either side
or given a fan-like spread which prevents the bunching of the tufts. This forms
a more solid facing of the tufts, and thereby produces an even brush.
The staples by which the tufts are fastened are delivered in the path of the
driving rod as the same is raised above the latch, C¹, ready to be carried down
by it on its descent. The mechanism by which this successive delivery of the
staple is accomplished consists of the inclined guide rod, C6, over which the staples
are straddled and down which they run. At the bottom of the incline they are
prevented from further travel by the spring, C2, the head of which is adapted to
receive and hold a single staple only. The end of this spring which holds the
staples rests in the path of the plunger, C3, which is mounted on the end of the
lever, C. The lever, C4, is fulcrumed on the frame, E, of the machine and
the end is protruded into the path of the pin, C5, set out from the side of the
plunger, B
When the plunger, B¹, is raised the pin, C³, strikes under the lever, C4, and raises
the outer end thereof depressing the inner end carrying the plunger, C³, and caus-
ing it to impinge upon the end of the spring, C2, and thrusting it outward to
permit the staple carried by it to drop into the guide chute, C7, on the plunger, B¹.
This chute is twisted or straight as the requirement of the feed demand, in order

page_text: to guide the staple into the guide slots, in which the guiding rod, B², operates
within the plunger.
When the one staple is extracted from the end of the spring, C, the plunger, C³,
takes the place of the spring and prevents the travel of the staples carrying the
succeeding staple from the guide rod, C. As the plunger, B₁, is carried down and
the lever, C, is released from engagement with the pin, C5, the spiral spring, C8,
raises the plunger, C3, from the path of the staples and allows the spring, C2, to
return to its normal position and receive the succeeding staple. The staples are
placed on the guide rod, C6, by hand as they are exhausted.
It is to prevent the interference of the tufts which have been fastened in place,
with those being secured, that we have provided the apron, F. This is hinged as
a door under the table, E, and in the path of the plunger, B¹. It is maintained
in a raised position by a spring which is coiled about the hinge pin. The apron, F,
is sufficiently long to reach a little below the ends of the tufts of the brush as they
stand upward on the blocks on the table, G. The holes in the block being fed
from the one end the last fastened tufts are caught by the apron, F, and pushed
back out of the way of the descending plunger, B¹.
In order that the plunger, B¹, and driving rod, B2, may direct the staple directly
in the holes in the block the templet, H, is provided. This templet serves the
double purpose of holding the blocks as the tufts are being fastened therein, and
of clinching the points of the fastening staples after or as they are driven through
the blocks. The back of the templet is provided with a series of depressions
adapted to fit over the registering point, G¹, on the operating table, G. These
depressions are made to exactly register with the perforations in the block, so that
whenever a block held within the said templet is rested over the registering
point, G¹, with one of the depressions in the templet fitted over the point, then a
hole in the block is in exact line to receive a staple and tuft from the plunger, B¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a brush making machine, the combination with a hopper to receive the
stock in a loose condition, of a mechanism to extract the said stock from the
hopper, a mechanism to spread the stock in a layer, the thickness of a single
strand thereof, a mechanism to divide the stock as thus spread into equal divisions,
a mechanism to advance successively the said divisions to a receiving mechanism,
a receiving mechanism into which said divisions are compressed, and a driving
mechanism to strike upon the fastening device to force the same, and the bunch
to which it is attached, through an aperture in the receiving mechanism, substan-
tially as described.
2. In a brush making machine, the combination with a hopper to receive the stock
in a loose condition, of a mechanism to extract the said stock from the hopper,
the thickness of a single strand thereof, a mechanism to divide the stock when
thus separated into equal divisions, a mechanism to advance successively the said
divisions to a receiving mechanism, a receiving mechanism into which the bunches
are compressed, a driving mechanism to strike upon the fastening device, adapted
to force the ends of the same into and through the back of the brush, and a suit-
able device to turn the ends of the fastening device when extended through the
said back and while in engagement with the said driving mechanism, substantially
as described.
3. In a brush making machine, the combination with a hopper to receive the stock
in a loose condition, and deliver the same to an extracting mechanism, of a
mechanism to extract the said stock from the hopper in a layer the thickness of
a single strand thereof, a mechanism to divide the stock while in the layer into
successive equal divisions, a mechanism to advance successively the said divisions
to a receiving mechanism, a receiving mechanism into which the said divisions
are delivered and compressed in a bunched form, a mechanism adapted to move

page_text: said receiving mechanism to the back of the brush, a stationary holder for the
back of the brush, and a driving mechanism adapted to force the ends of the
fastening device, into and through the back of the brush and against the said
stationary holder, substantially as described.
4. In a brush making machine a feeding mechanism therefor adapted to extract the
stock from a hopper or receptacle, consisting of parallel guides raised above the
bottom of the hopper or receptacle so that the strands of the stock will lay across
the said guides, a ratchet tooth shaped reciprocating rod operating between the
said guides, and provided with devices to lower it on its backward stroke and raise
it in its forward stroke, below and above the upper edge of the said guides, and
a foot or guard attached to the frame of the machine and extending toward the
said guides, and a separator operating at regular intervals to advance separatedly
a predetermined quantity of the stock spread out between the said shoe or guard
and the said guide, substantially as described.
5. In a brush making machine, a feeding mechanism therefor, consisting of
parallel guides mounted in the bottom of the hopper or receptacle for the said
stock to receive the strands thereof across the said guides, a ratchet toothed
reciprocating rod operating beside the said guides, suitable devices to raise and
lower it in its forward and backward strokes respectively, a foot or guard to form
the stock advanced by the said reciprocating rod into a layer, a separator to extend
through the said layer under the said foot, to detach a regular and ascertained
quantity therefrom, a delivering mechanism to advance the stock so detached in
the form of a bunch, substantially as described.
6. In a brush making machine, a feeding mechanism therefor consisting of
parallel guides mounted in the bottom of the hopper or receptacle for the said stock
to receive the strands thereof, a stationary foot or guard resting over the forward end
of the said guides, a reciprocating ratchet toothed stuffing bar operating between
the sides of the said guides to advance the stock into the space between the said
guides and guard, a mechanism to withdraw the said guides from under the for-
ward end of the said guard to permit the stock to drop into the path of the same
and to advance immediately to its forward position, and a separating device opera-
tion in unison with the said guides to be raised as the same is receded and lowered
as it is advanced to prevent more than the pre-determined quantity of the stock
falling into the path of the said guides, substantially as described.
Dated this 31st day of December 1897.
E. E. WIGZELL,
Agent for Applicants.