IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING AND PULVERIZING BARK, BONES, LOCUST BEANS, MYROBALANS, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John William Harrison and Thomas Hammond, both of
Wakefield, in the County of York, Engineers and Ironfounders, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING AND PULVERIZING
BARK, BONES, LOCUST BEANS, MYROBALANS, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES.”
Sealed the 11th November 1879, and dated the 14th May 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John William Harrison
and Thomas Hammond at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 14th May 1879.
JOHN WILLIAM HARRISON and THOMAS HAMMOND, both of Wakefield, in the
County of York, Engineers and Ironfounders. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR GRINDING AND PULVERIZING BARK, BONES, LOCUST BEANS, MYROBALANS, AND
OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES."
A. machine for purpose as aforesaid constructed according to this our Invention
comprises an outer casing of circular form, within which is a circular cage con-
centric to the outer casing, there being a space within the two.
Within the cage
is a central shaft having radial arms, the outer extremities of which are extended
to nearly the width of the cage, forming beaters; there is an opening through
which the substance to be operated upon is passed to the interior of the cage, and
an exit way for the substance when pulverized. The action of the material is
as follows:-
The radial arms and beaters thereon are caused to rotate within the cage by
means of the central shaft and driving pulleys, the beaters cut and break the sub-
stance to be pulverized on and against the bars of the cage, through or between
which it passes when sufficient reduced to the outer casing, thence to the exit or
point of discharge. The bars of the cage are square or V shaped, and so placed as
to present an angle or cutting edge of each bar to the substance to be pulverized.
The cage may be made in parts or segments, so as to facilitate renewal and
replacement by a cage having closer spaced bars or wider spaced bars as the sub-
stance to be operated upon may require to be reduced more or less to a powder.
The whole cage affords free passage way of the substance from the machine when
pulverized, there being no recesses and grates, as heretofore used, which in practice
become filled, choking the machine and frequently necessitating same being taken
in pieces for clearance and cleaning.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John William Harrison and Thomas Hammond in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 13th November 1879.
JOHN WILLIAM HARRISON and THOMAS HAMMOND, both of Wakefield, in the
County of York, Engineers and Ironfounders. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
For Grinding and Pulverizing BARK, BONES, LOCUST BEANS, MYROBALANS, AND
OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES."
A machine for purpose as aforesaid constructed according to this our Invention
comprises an outer casing of circular form, within which is a circular cage con-
centric to the outer casing, there being a space between the two.
Within the cage
is a central shaft having radial arms, the outer extremities of which are extended
to nearly the width of the cage, forming beaters; there is an opening through
which the substance to be operated upon is passed to the interior of the cage, and
an exit way for the substance when pulverized upon. The action of the machine
is as follows:-
The radial arms and beaters thereon are caused to rotate within the cage by
means of the central shaft and driving pulley, the beaters cut and break the sub-
stance to be pulverized on and against the bars of the cage through or between
which it passes when sufficient reduced to the outer casing, thence to the exit or
point of discharge. The bars of the cage are square or V shaped, and so placed as
to present an angle or cutting edge of each bar to the substance to be pulverized.
The cage may be made in parts or segments, so as to facilitate removal and replace-
ment, by a cage having closer spaced bars or wider spaced bars as the substance to
be operated upon may require to be reduced more or less to a powder. The whole
cage affords free passage way of the substance from the machine when pulverized,
there being no recesses and grates as hertofore used, which in practice become filled,
choking the machine, and frequently necessitating same being taken in pieces for
clearance and cleaning.
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will now proceed
to describe the same in detail; and in order that the Invention may be fully under-
stood we have hereunto annexed two Sheets of Drawings, and have marked the
same with numbers of reference, the same numbers referring to like parts in the
הד
Figs. 1 and 2 are elevation and plan; Fig. 3, sectional elevation; Fig. 4, upper
half of casing being removed. 1 is the outer casing, within which is the circular
cage 2 concentric to the outer casing; 3 shews the space between the two; at 4 is
the central shaft having radial arms 5, 5, 5, 5, the extremities 6, 6, 6, of which are
extended as shewn to nearly the width of the cage, the parts 6, 6, 6, forming
beaters; at 7 is an opening or shoot through which the substance to be operated
upon is passed to the interior of the cage at 8, the exit way being through or
between the bars of the cage and out at 9; 10, 10, supports for segments; 11, 11,
cross bolts. When by driving pulley and strap 10 the arms and beaters 5, 6, rotate
within the cage 2, the beaters cut and break the substance to be pulverized on and
against the bars 11 of the cage 2, through or between which bars when sufficiently
reduced it passes to the outer space, extending the whole circumference of the cage,
thence to the exit or point of discharge. The cage 2 is made in parts or segments,
so as to facilitate removal and replacement by other cages having wider or narrower
spaces between the bars as the substance to be operated upon is to be reduced more
or less to a powder. The supplying (or feeding) the machine with substances to be
operated upon by way of the shoot 7 may be accomplished by hopper and screw or
Worm.

page_text: Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, we would have it understood we lay no claim to any
of the parts herein referred to when considered separately, what we do claim is,—
The construction and use of machines for the purposes aforesaid, comprising
revolving beaters 5, 6, enclosed by cage 2 having spacing 3 for purpose and as
illustrated and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John William Harrison and Thomas Hammond,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eleventh day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
WALTER MOORHOUSE,
Chemist,
Wakefield.
JOHN WILLIAM HARRISON. (L.S.)
THOMAS HAMMOND.
(LS.)