CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BREAD
Year: 1840

page_text: THESE PRESENTS SHALI
ME, 1, PIERRE
DUFAUR DE MONTMIRAIL, formerly of London Wall, in the City of London, but
now of Panton Square, Haymarket, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS, in consequence of a communication made to me by a certain
foreigner residing abroad, I am in possession of an Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BREAD;" and whereas Her present most
Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent under the Great
Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the
day of
in the third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Pierre Dufaur de Montmirail,
Her especial license that I, the said Pierre Dufaur de Montmirail, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Pierre
Dufaur de Montmirail, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any.
timo agree with, and no others, from time to time and. at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick:
upon-Tweed, "the said Invention;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso obliging me, the said Pierre Dufaur de Montmirail, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's. High
Court of Chancery within calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference.
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Pierre Dufaur de Montmirail, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-

page_text: tion to consist, first, in an improved liquid for moistening the flour in order to
make the dough; secondly, in an improved mode of adding salt to the flour;
and, thirdly, in an improved apparatus for making the dough. And in further
compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Pierre Dufaur de Montmirail, do
hereby describe the manner in which the said Invention is to be performed
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
First, the liquid with which I moisten my flour, instead of doing so as usual,
with pure water, is made as follows:-To eight quarts of boiling water I add
four ounces of gum arabic; when the gum is completely dissolved I run it off
into a vessel to cool to about blood heat, when it is fit to use instead of pure
water, and in the same manner, in order to make the dough.
Secondly, instead of adding whatever salt is to be put into the bread, as is
usual, by mixing it with the water to be used to wet the dough, I dry the
quantity highly before the fire or in an oven, taking care not to burn it, and
then pulverize it as fine as possible, and in that state mix it thoroughly with
the dry flour, which is to be made into dough, and before it is wetted at all;
this adds to the absorbent property of the flour, and causes the new liquid to
mix more intimately with it.
Having now described my first and second improvements, I will proceed to
describe, thirdly, the apparatus which I employ for carrying the same into
effect, referring to the Drawing annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
A is a closed boiler for heating and preparing the moistening liquid. Bis
the cooler into which it is to be run when sufficiently heated, and the gum
entirely dissolved; and C is the kneading trough.
Now, whereas bread made with this fluid in the ordinary manner and baked
carefully will yield a greater quantity from the same quantity of flour than
when made on the old plan, and will be lighter, more wholesome, and more
nutritious.
And I claim as the said Invention the following improvements, that is to
say, first the use of the liquid or mixture herein-before described, instead of
water only to wet up the dough.
Secondly, the mixing of the salt in a very dry and minutely pulverised
state with the dry flour and not with the dough or the water usually used to
wet up or make the dough, as heretofore.
And, thirdly, the apparatus herein-before described.
And such Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief entirely

page_text: new, and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her said Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be
my Specification of the same; and that I do verily believe this my said
Specification doth comply in all respects, fully and without reserve or disguise,
with the proviso in the said berein-before in part recited Letters Patent
contained; whereby I hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to
the said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Dufaur de Montmirail, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this
day of
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty.
, in the
PIERRE (L.s.) DUFAUR DE MONTMIRAIL.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of December, in the
fourth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said Pierre
Dufaur de Montmirail came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery,
and acknowledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the
fifty-fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Second day of December, One thousand eight hundred