MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1884

page_text: We ALBERT DOMEIER of 13 St Mary at Hill, Eastcheap in the City of London
Merchant and BENJAMIN NICKELS of 104 Leadenhall Street in the City of London,
Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP " to be as follows:-
"
IMPROVE-
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of soap.
Glycerine is in use as a constituent of toilet and fancy soaps; it is introduced for
the purpose of conferring emolliency and for its valuable therapeutic qualities when
applied to the skin; the quantity however that could hitherto be introduced is
limited as soaps prepared in the manner hitherto practiced and containing glycerine
in large proportion have a tendency to soften and liquify.
The object of the present invention is a method of improving the quality of the
soap by combining glycerine with the same in such a manner that larger proportions
may be introduced without interfering with the hardness and general character of
the finished product, and in which the glycerine to an extent plays the part of a
true soap.
In carrying out this invention we take glycerine which may be pure or crude, and
heat the same to a high temperature in admixture with Colophony or other suitable
resinous substance in excess during this treatment and in the case of Colophony a
considerable portion of the contained resin acids enter into combination with the
glycerine.
Resinate of glycerine thus prepared is a thick viscid fluid in some cases semi-solid
and may be incorporated with soap to a large extent, either in the process of
boiling remelting or by what is known as the "cold process " during which it plays
a part analogous to that of a fatty substance when treated with alkali, that is, its
constituents become disassociated, yielding a true resin soap and free glycerine, and
which in the method described enters into perfect and intimate .combination with
the soap resulting from the operation.
Another but less preferable method of incorporating glycerine with soaps and in
a manner different from that ordinarily persued consists in dissolving an alkali in
glycerine which may also be pure or crude and while hot adding resin or colophony
TDi 1
"

page_text: immediate saponification of the resin ensues yielding a glycerine resin soap which
may be incorporated with ordinary soaps at either of the stages of manufacture
already referred to.
Soaps prepared by either of these methods but preferably the first named differ
considerably from those in which free glycerine is incorporated by simple admixture
as a "filling" remaining hard, dry and firm and resembling products obtained entirely
from fatty substances and possessing considerable advantage over soap not having
such addition of glycerinc.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
We ALBERT DOMEIER of 13 St Mary at Hill, Eastcheap in the City of London;
Morchant, and BENJAMIN NICKELS of 104 Leadenhall Street in the City of London,
Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF. SOAP" and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of soap.
Glycerine is in use as a constituent of toilet and fancy soaps; it is introduced
for the purpose of conferring emolliency and for its valuable therapeutic qualities
when applied to the skin; the quantity however that could hitherto be introduced
is limited as soaps prepared in the manner hitherto practiced and containing
glycerine in large proportion have a tendency to soften and liquify.
The object of the present invention is a method of improving the quality of the
soap by combining glycerine with the same in such a manner that larger proportions
may be introduced without interfering with the hardness and general character of
the finished product and in which the glycerine to an extent plays the part of a
true soap.
In carrying out this invention we take glycerine which may be pure or crude, and
heat the same to a high temperature in admixture with colophony or other suitable
resinous substance in excess, during this treatment and in the case of colophony a
considerable portion of the contained rosin acids enter into combination with the
glycerine.
The process is conveniently carried on in an open vessel provided with a
mechanical stirrer: the vessel is heated by a fire and in it the glycerine is care-
fully boiled. The resin is added by degrees in the state of powder it immediately
melts and is mixed in with the glycerine by stirring. The operation is continued
for several hours and the resin is added in excess.
Colophony is the most suitable resin for the purpose and it is less expensive than
others.
Resinate of glycerine thus prepared is a thick viscid fluid in some cases semi-solid
and may be incorporated with soap to a large extent either in the process of
boiling, remelting, or by what is known as the "cold process" during which it
plays a part analogous to that of a fatty substance when treated with alkali, that
is, its constituents become disassociated, yielding a true resin soap and free
glycerine, and which in the method described enters into perfect and intimate
combination with the soap resulting from the operation.
Various proportions of resinate of glycerine may be employed; very conveniently
it may be fifteen per cent of the weight of the finished soap but a much larger
proportion can be introduced.
The resinate of glycerine is added to the soap in the same way as other additions
are commonly made.
Another but less preferable method of incorporating glycerine with soaps and in
1:00

page_text: glycerine which may also be pure or crude and while hot adding resin or colophony,
immediate saponification of the resin ensues yielding "anhydrous" glycerine resin
soap which may be incorporated with ordinary soaps at either of the stages of
manufacture already referred to.
In carrying out this process we can operate in the following manner; we take t
glycerine and dissolve in it the caustic soda in the proportion of about 4% more
or less. We heat this solution and add the resin by degrees in the form of
powder, 16° more or less will be a suitable quantity, and of which compound
15%, may be added in the manner herein described.
°
Soaps prepared by either of these methods but preferably the first named differ
considerably from those in which free glycerine is incorporated by simple admixture
08 д filling" remaining hard dry and firm and resembling products obtained
entirely from fatty substances and possessing considerable advantage over soap not
having such addition of glycerine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said 1
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. Combining or compounding glycerine and resin and afterwards incorporating
the same into soap substantially as described.
2. Combining or compounding glycerine with alkali and with resin and after-2
wards incorporating the same into soap substantially as described.