IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND PUMPING PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Weller Richardson, of New York, in
the United States of America, but at present of 35, Southampton
Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND
PUMPING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 11th November 1873, and dated the 13th September 1878.
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Weller
Richardson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 13th September 1873.
:
I, GEORGE WELLER RICHARDSON, of New York, in the United States
of America, but at present of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND
PUMPING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-

page_text: November, 1870, No. 3117, whereby said Invention is rendered available
for use on land as well as on sea. For this purpose I mount a frame upon
a centre of motion and capable of being oscillated by means of suitable
mechanism arranged preferably in such manner as to give a rest or
dwell to said frame as each end thereof comes to its lowermost position.
Any convenient or suitable power may be employed to give motion to
the operating mechanism.
The frame has mounted thereon at each end a vertical cylinder or
chamber, said cylinders or chambers being connected together at their
lower ends by a suitable way or passage which contains water. These
cylinders or chambers have each at its upper end suitable ways or
passages, the one leading from the place to be ventilated into the
cylinder, the other leading from the cylinder or chamber into a shaft or
other passage to conduct the air away.
A suitable valve acts to close the suction pipe to prevent the return
of the air to the chamber or place it is desired to ventilate, and a similar
valve prevents the return of the air into the cylinder after it has been
expelled therefrom.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The frame being oscillated
in one direction by the aforesaid means causes a rush of water from the
one cylinder or chamber to the other, and thereby creates a vacuum in
the one cylinder or chamber, which receives air from the chamber or
space to be ventilated, and upon the apparatus being oscillated in the
contrary direction, the air now contained in that cylinder or chamber is
forced out through the valve and through the outlet pipe, and the other
cylinder receives air from the chamber to be ventilated, and so on.
When it is desired to use this apparatus for pumping liquids, mercury
may be substituted for the water contained in the passage connecting
the cylinders or chambers together, the action of the apparatus being
similar to that before described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Weller Richardson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th March 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WELLER RICHARDSON, of New York, in the United States of America,
but at present of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said George Weller Richardson, Her special license
that I, the said George Weller Richardson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Weller Richardson, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND PUMPING PURPOSES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Weller Richardson,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Weller Richardson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object improvements upon an Invention
for which Letters Patent were granted to B. J. B. Mills, on the 28th day
of November, 1870, Number 3117, whereby said Invention is rendered
available for use on land as well as on sea. For this purpose I mount a
frame upon a centre of motion and capable of being oscillated by means

page_text: h
rotary motion of the disc d an oscillating motion is given to the frame a.
On each end of the frame a is mounted a cylinder or chamber f. These
cylinders or chambers are connected together at their lower ends by a
pipe or tube g, and they have each connected thereto at its upper end
an inlet tube or pipe h, and an outlet tube or pipe i. The inlet tubes or
pipes are by flexible tubes h¹ connected to the suction pipe j, and the
tubes or pipes i may open directly into the open air, or may lead into a
shaft or other passage to conduct the air away from the apparatus.
Valves are employed to close the tubes or pipes / to prevent the
return of the air to the chamber or place it is desired to ventilate, and
similar valves prevent the return of the air into the cylinders fafter it
has been expelled therefrom. The tube or pipe 9 and the cylinders or
chambers fare supplied with water.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The frame a being
oscillated in one direction by the aforesaid or other suitable means,
causes a rush of the water from the one cylinder or chamber ƒ to the
other, and thereby creates a vacuum or partial vacuum in the upper-
most cylinder or chamber f, which causes air to flow from the chamber
or space
to be ventilated through the suction pipe j, through a pipe h,
and past the valve k into such uppermost chamber or cylinder f, then
upon the frame a being oscillated in the contrary direction, the air now
contained in that cylinder or chamber fis by the water rushing back
therein as it descends forced out of such cylinder ƒ past the valve k,
and through the outlet pipe or tube i, and the other chamber or
cylinder f receives air from the chamber or space to be ventilated, and
so on, the contents of one cylinder or chamber f being emptied at each
oscillation of the frame a.
When it is desired to use this apparatus for pumping liquids, mercury
is substituted for the water contained in the cylinders or chambers f
and pipe g, the action of the apparatus being similar to that before
described.
I would here remark that the details of construction of the apparatus
and the mode of mounting and operating the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my Invention, by the aid of which
I am enabled to pump air or liquids from any desired place without
11
T

page_text: plicated machinery in the place where the pumping mechanism is
situated, whilst the pumping mechanism may be situated in any con-
venient position, and may be driven by a chain or band from a steam
engine or other motive power situated at a distance therefrom.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
mode in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim is the employment of apparatus of the character
.herein referred to for pumping and ventilating purposes operated by
mechanical means, in manner substantially as herein shown and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Weller Richardson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
GEO. W. RICHARDSON. (L.S.)