IM- PROVEMENTS IN TWISTING AND OTHERWISE OPERATING UPON THREADS, TWINE, OR CORDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE SAME
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, E.C., Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TWISTING AND OTHERWISE OPERATING UPON THREADS, TWINE,
OR CORDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE SAME."-A commu-
nication from Messieurs Edmond Empis and Co., residing at Wazemines,
near Lille, France.
Sealed the 10th June 1859, and dated the 13th December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 18th December 1858.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TWISTING AND OTHERWISE OPERATING UPON
THREADS, TWINE, OR CORDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE SAME," (a
communication from Messieurs Edmond Empis & Co., residing at Waze.
mines, near Lille, France,) to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to perform certain operations of twisting
and otherwise operating upon threads, twine, or cords by machinery instead of
by hand, and it consists in placing the threads. (or the twine.or cords) to be
operated upon on battens or rods, by which they are extended and held
between, the, arms of two bent bars, which bars are each connected to a shaft

page_text: supported in bearings in a suitable frame, the shafts being driven by suitable
gearing. The frame is inclined upwards from front to back, and a curved
arm, which is attached to a revolving shaft driven by gearing, drives the front
bent bar with the parts attached thereto up the inclined frame towards the
back. The curved arm passing clear then allows the front bent bar to slide
down towards the front of the frame, the motion thereof being aided, if
necessary, by counterweights; and when the said bar arrives at the end of its
motion the threads are thereby stretched and shaken. When this operation
has been repeated as often as may be necessary, the shaft carrying the curved
arm is thrown out of gear, and the shaft of the front bent bar is thrown into
gear and put into motion; the extended threads are thereby twisted together
until the torsion upon them becomes sufficient to put the back bent bar and
its shaft in motion. A cam or cam-like projection upon this shaft is thus
caused to raise a heavy bar which rests upon the shaft, and to release the said
heavy bar suddenly when it has been raised to a certain height. The
sudden descent of this bar checks the revolution of the back bent bar, and
thereby brings a sudden strain, upon the twisted threads. By allowing the
same parts to remain in gear the actions before described may be repeated as
often as desired. The parts may then be thrown out of gear, and the front
bent bar be run back by screws or otherwise into its first position so as to
extend the threads again. The stretching and the shaking of the threads
may again be repeated, as before described, and so on. It will be observed
that the sudden stretching and straining of the threads are produced respec-
tively by means of the continuous motion of revolving parts. Any number
of pairs of bent bars and parts connected therewith may be fitted to the
same frame..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, E.C.,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said

page_text: Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TWISTING AND OTHERWISE OPERATING UPON
THREADS, TWINE, OR CORDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE SAME,"
(a communication from Messieurs Edmond Empis and Company, residing at
Wazemines, near Lille, France,) upon thé condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed; and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto.
annexed, that is to say:-
:
The object of this Invention is to perform certain operations of twisting.
and otherwise operating upon threads, twine, or cords by machinery instead of.
by hand, and it consists in placing the threads (or the twine or cords) to be.
operated upon on battens or rods, by which they are extended and held.
between the arms of two bent bars, which bars are each connected to a shaft
supported in bearings on a suitable frame, the shafts being driven by suitable
gearing. The frame is inclined upwards from front to back, and a curvedi
arm, which is attached to a revolving shaft driven by gearing, drives the front
bent bar with the parts attached thereto up the inclined frame towards the
back. The curved arm passing clear then allows the front bent bar to slide-
down towards the front of the frame, the motion thereof being aided,. if
necessary, by counterweights, and when the said bar arrives at the end of its.
motion the threads are thereby stretched and shaken. When this operation
has been repeated as often as may be necessary, the shaft carrying the curved
arm is thrown out of gear, and the shaft of the front bent bar is thrown into
gear and put in motion; the extended threads are thereby twisted together
until the torsion upon them becomes sufficient to put the back bent bar and

page_text: its shaft in motion. A cam or cam-like projection upon this shaft is tbus
caused to raise a heavy.bar which rests upon the shaft, and to release the
said heavy bar suddenly when it has been raised to a certain height. The
sudden descent of this bar checks the revolution of the back bent bar, and
thereby brings a sudden strain. upon the twisted threads. By allowing the
same parts to remain in gear the actions before described may be repeated as
often as desired. The parts may then be thrown out of gear, and the front.
bent bar be run back by screws, or otherwise, into its first position, so as to
extend the threads again. The stretching and the shaking of the threads
may again be repeated, as before described, and so on. It will be observed
that the sudden stretching and straining of the threads are produced respec-
tively by means of the continuous motion of revolving parts. Any number
of pairs of bent bars and parts connected therewith may be fitted to the same
frame.
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed is an end view of part of a
machine constructed according to this Invention; Figure 2 is a side elevation;
and Figure 3 is a plan of the same.
A is the frame; B, B', are iron arms or bent bars, which carry the wooden
battens C, C'; D is a shaft, carrying the arm B, working in bearings G
attached to the frame A, and has keyed to it the cog wheel H; F is a block
or bed of wood or other suitable material which slides in grooves formed in
the shafts K, K'; L, L', are rollers which receive motion from the cams,.
segments, or projections M, M'; N is a lever, which is raised by the rod P
as the arm P' revolves; R, R', are cog wheels which communicate a rotary
motion to the segments M, M¹, through the shaft S; T, T¹, are clutches
which are regulated by the rods V, V₁, in order to give an alternate motion to
the
cog wheels R, R¹; W is a clutch travelling on the shaft X to regulate
the rotary motion which is imparted to the shaft D and to the arm B by
means of the cog wheels H, H'; Z, Z', are cog wheels which, through the
shaft Y and its crank, bring the arm B back to the place froin which it
started; J, J, are fast and loose pulleys; 0, 0¹, are counterweights, which
assist in drawing back the bed F by means of the roller Q.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-Thread, twine, or cord is
placed on the battens C, C¹; the pinions H, H', are thrown out of and the
cog wheels R, R', are put into gear through the clutches T', and motion is
communicated to them through the pulleys J, J¹; this causes the shaft S
to revolve, which will impart motion to the cams or segments M, M', placed at
each side of the machine beneath the pulleys L, L'. As these cams revolve they
come in contact with the pulleys L, L, and push or drive the whole apparatus

page_text: connected to the arm B to the. back of the machine. At this point, when
the end of the cams have passed under the rollers L, L, the apparatus (that
is, the bed F and arm B) will return to its former position by sliding along
the inclined frame, assisted by the counterweights 0, 01; this motion pro-
duces the stretching and shaking of the thread or cord. To perform the
operation called the "knotting," the cog wheels R' are thrown out of gear,
and the wheels R and H, H', thrown in by means of the clutch W. Two
motions will be then simultaneously produced, one to turn the arm B, the
other to push it to the back of the machine; this operation is represented at
Figure 1. If the thread be submitted to the rotary action of the arm B, the
same motion will be communicated to the arm B¹, which will raise the lever N
by means of the lever P. Owing to the shape of this lever it will imme-
diately cause the whole thread to untwist. The next operation to be per-
formed is shaking the thread; to produce this the cog wheels H, H¹, and R
are thrown out of gear, and by means of the cog wheels Z, Z', the shaft X
will be reversed until the machine assumes the position shewn at Figure 2.
In order to increase or stretch the thread the cog wheels R¹, R¹, are thrown
into gear as well as the pinions H, H¹. The thread will not again coil or
twist from the operations previously described which it has been subjected to.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the improvements
in twisting and otherwise operating upon threads, twine, or cords, and in the
apparatus for performing the same, both as herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of June, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)