matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED MODE OR MEANS OF PROPELLING TRICYCLES. AND OTHER VEHICLES WHICH INVENTION IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Tyler Barnsley Bennett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1882.
JOHN TYLER BARNSLEY BENNETT of Anglesey Street Lozells Aston-juxta-
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturer. "AN IMPROVED MODE
OR MEANS OF PROPELLING TRICYCLES. AND OTHER VEHICLES WHICH INVENTION
IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
"
Hitherto Tricycles and such like Vehicles have generally been propelled by means
of Treadles actuated by the feet of the Rider or Riders but in my improved
invention the seat or seats of the Tricycle (which by preference I construct similar
to a chair) is so constructed that it will oscillate to and fro upon a centre or hinge.
The upper and lower portion of the frame of the seat or seats are connected by rods
or other suitable means to one or more Cranks (set at the required angle) upon the
shaft of the main or driving wheels When it is desired to propel the Vehicle The
Rider or Riders rocks the seat or seats in. a backward and forward direction, and
this movement is as before described transmitted to the Cranks and the driving
wheels are caused to revolve. It will be understood that my invention may be
applied to propel boats as well as other Vehicles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RECOVERY OF CAUSTIC SODA EMPLOYED FOR THE EXTRACTION OF ARSENIC FROM COPPER PRECIPITATES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Johnson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st August 1882. A communication to him
from abroad by Thomas Gibb, at present residing at Elizabeth, New Jersey
in the United States of America,
OR POTASII
GEORGE JOHNSON, of The Grange Metal Extracting Works, Jarrow-on-Tyne, in
the county of Durhain, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RECOVERY OF CAUSTIC SODA
EMPLOYED FOR THE EXTRACTION OF ARSENIC FROM COPPER
PRECIPITATES," a communication to me from abroad by Thomas Gibb, at present
residing at Elizabeth, New Jersey, in the United States of America,
This Invention relates to the recovery of caustic soda or potash from the arsenical
salts of soda or potash obtained when arsenic is extracted from copper precipitates,
by means of a solution of caustic soda or potash.
When arsenic is extracted from copper precipitates by a solution of caustic soda
or potash, the arsenic will be taken up in the solution in the form of arseniate of
soda or potash. In order to recover the caustic soda or potash from the arseninte
of soda or potash contained in the solution, the latter is digested on slaked lime,
whereby the soluble arseniates are decomposed and caustic soda or potash and
arseniate of calcium produced. The said arseniate of calcium then settles and
leaves a solution of caustic soda or potash which is suitable to be again employed
for treating copper precipitates as hereinbefore referred to.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHEARING STEEL INGOTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Walker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st October 1882.
BENJAMIN WALKER of Leeds in the County of York Civil Engineer "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHEARING STEEL INGOTS."
In the ordinary machine there is a catch which is lowered when the ingot is in
proper position in relation to the knife, in fact the same arrangement of catch or
stopper is used in the ordinary type of large punching and shearing machines for
plates and bars cold.
Sometimes the ingot cutting is done by the moveable knife having motion given
to it from an eccentric on a shaft which is driven by toothed wheel gearing from
the crank shaft of a pair of engines that can be stopped and started at the pleasure
of the workman without a fly wheel and that always have to run in the same.
direction and the workman has to stop the engine to a nicety just before cutting in
order to see that the knife or shear blade is in the position suitable for the article
he is about to cut. If he has gone too far he must take the ingot out run the
engine forward advancing the knife to the full throw of the eccentric moving the
said knife, and then run the engine back and so try to gain the exact position
required for cutting.
According to my invention I make the engine reversible and by this means allow.
the workman to stop the knife in any position and at any movement. I can also
employ a fly wheel upon the crank shaft of the engine as by the readiness with
which I can stop the machine it is no inconvenience, but an assistance in doing the
work.
The reversing of the engines may be effected either by link motion or double
port arrangement in such a way as to enable the workman to propel the shear
blade or knife just sufficient for the work.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VOLTAIC BATTERIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Everden James Wimshurst at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1882.
EVERDEN JAMES WIMSHURST of Anerley in the County of Surrey Electrician
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VOLTAIC BATTERIES
"1
My said Invention has for its object to produce a battery at a small cost especially
suited for domestic purposes such as lighting or driving domestic machinery
The battery constructed according to my said Invention consists of a portable
box or casing for the vessels containing the plates or elements and liquid. The
elements consist preferably of two Carbon plates connected together by a strip
carrying a screw which projects through the cover of the box. This screw passes
through a copper conducting strip constituting the coupling strip for two elements-
A zinc plate is situated between the Carbon plates and insulated from them by
varnished wood or other non conductor A similar screw and nut forms the
connection of the zinc plate with the Copper strips-Each pair of Elements is
similarly arranged and all the pairs are connected by the copper strips The plates
are capable of delicate adjustment to allow of a ready regulation of the power
generated. To effect this a vertical screw projects from the cover which holds the
elements and conducting strips and this screw passes through a fixed cross bar and
is furnished with a nut bearing on the said bar by rotating which nut the elements
are raised and lowered into the liquid with the greatest nicity in accordance with
the power required. The current may be conducted from the battery in the usual
manner and utilized for lighting, driving, or other purpose as required.
IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING DOMESTIC STOVES AND OTHER GRATES FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Gore and William Morris
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1882.
GEORGE GORE of Balsall Heath in the County of Worcester and WILLIAM
MORRIS of Blackheath in the County of Kent IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS
FOR FEEDING DOMESTIC STOVES AND OTHER GRATES FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND
FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
The object of this Invention is to provide means of replenishing a fire in such
a way that the fuel shall be consumed without producing smoke. To do this
effectually the fuel is supplied to the bottom of the fire from a reservoir.
The reservoir is part of a box or hopper behind the back plate of the grate.
Two cast metal plates form the sides of the hopper and their back plate is con-
tinued round the bottom towards the front.
A roller is used for carrying a sliding plate which is allowed to slide freely.
The edge of the sliding plate has a small roller, fitted to run in excentric grooves
cast in the side plates of the hopper. The hopper is filled with fuel through a door
which can be closed tight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A CERTAIN DESCRIPTION OF BRICKS AND OTHER CLAY ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Colville Gibson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July 1882.
WILLIAM COLVILLE GIBSON of Newcastle-on-Tyne Brick Manufacturer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A CERTAIN DESCRIPTION OF BRICKS
AND OTHER CLAY ARTICLES"
My Invention has reference to the manufacture of fire clay or other bricks and
other articles made of fire clay or other clay which have one or more of their sides
glazed
In districts where the clay is coarse the surface of the bricks made therefrom is
not sufficiently fine or smooth to produce a first quality glazed article This
objection can be overcome by grinding the clay very fine but the expense of this
process is too great if the whole brick be made of the extra finely ground clay
especially as the clay has to be in most cases hand picked to avoid having any
impurities in it.
Now by means of my invention I produce a very fine surface for the glaze at a
comparatively small expense
My Invention is as follows:-I mould the ordinary fire or other clay into bricks
(or into tiles or other articles as required) but of somewhat smaller dimensions
than required in the complete brick for a reason which will be understood from
what is hereinafter stated. I take carefully selected clay free from impurity and
grind it to a very fine state. I coat the bricks moulded as aforesaid and while in
their damp state with this very finely ground clay also in a plastic state to a
thickness of about say half an inch on such of their sides as require to be glazed.
I then submit the bricks thus coated to the action of a press which consolidates
each brick and its coating into a solid mass. If necessary I run an instrument
like a comb over the inside of the coating or over the brick to assist the adherence.
I thus obtain bricks (or other articles) with a fine surface to receive the glaze and
at a small cost as only about one ninth of the material of the brick is composed of
the finely ground expensively prepared clay
Although the invention is more particularly useful in districts where the clay is
coarse, it will be found economical in any district to very finely grind a portion of
the clay and use it as a coating in the manner described
IMPROVED AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING DISINFECTANT TO WATER CLOSETS URINALS DRAINS AND THE LIKE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Beddoe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1882.
THOMAS BEDDOE 154 Spa Road Bermondsey London S.E. AN IMPROVED
AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING DISINFECTANT TO WATER CLOSETS
URINALS DRAINS AND THE LIKE
The Apparatus is placed below the Closet Seat, and may discribed thus, it has
two Chambers, the lower one the water Chamber and the top one, the Air
Chamber, inside of the air chamber I place a Tube perforated with small holes and
hung by cup & Ball or pivot joint so that it may shake about in the water
Chamber below this pipe I bring through the seat, with a cap or cover on the top,
and by removeing this cap you charge the perforated pipe, with Crystal Disinfectant
on one side of the lower Chamber I have a pipe leading from the supply water
pipe and on the other side I place a small pipe from the apparatus back into the
supply pipe, with valve to regulate the supply of Disinfectant, and to keep the
upper chamber air tight untill the apparatus is charged with water, when the
lever is lifted to Flush the Closet pan the force of water plays upon the per-
forated pipe containing the Disinfectant, and moves the saine about, and mixes the
Disinfectant with the water, and is then forced up the small pipe into the supply
pipe, and mixes with the Flush water, before entering the pan, so the whole of the
Flush water is Disinfected, the air Chamber on the top of the Apparatus is to
overcome the pressure of water, and force the Disinfectant back into the supply
pipe, when the lever is lifted the force of the supply water compresses the air in
the Top Chamber, and by that means forces the Disinfectant back into the supply
pipe
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND SUNSHADES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edwin Knight at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th September 1882.
WILLIAM EDWIN KNIGHT of Stoke Newington in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND SUNSHADES,"
According to this invention and instead of the bent wire springs heretofore used
for holding the umbrella in the extended and in the folded up position I employ
springs of a different construction whereby I obtain the advantage of strengthening
the stick instead of weakening it as heretofore by the notch or slot cut into the
stick for the wire spring to lie in, also preventing the swelling of the stick by the
rain entering the aforesaid slot also doing away with the slot in the runner, thus
preventing the stick from becoming scratched, and affording generally a more
convenient and better working spring action. I make each spring of a hollow
form so as to follow the rounding of the stick, but in the length, direction of the
stick the spring is slightly bellied or higher in the middle part. The spring is at
each end connected to the stick by a bent over narrow continuation inserted into
the stick, or it may be by rivets. The slot in the runner will as stated not be
needed with this improved spring. When opening the umbrella or, as the case may
be, when closing it, the runner is pushed over the spring so far that a portion of it
passes beyond the middle or highest part of the spring and will then be held
securely thereby, at the same time not so tight that it cannot with little exertion
be pulled back.
In order to prevent any injury or disfigurement to the stick at the part opposite
to the top spring by the sliding of the runner thereon I may especially for better
class goods provide the stick at this place with a thin steel or other metal shield
or strip. Such a shield may also though not much required be fitted opposite the
bottom spring.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CHIMNEY FLUES FOR HOUSES AND FACTORIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Finch at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th March 1882.
BENJAMIN FINCH of Palace Chambers 9 Bridge Street Westminster. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHIMNEY FLUES FOR HOUSES AND FACTORIES"
My Invention relates to certain improvements in such flues whereby deposit and
accumulation of soot is rendered impossible-hence chimneys cannot take fire so
that they are self cleaning. Draught is consequently greatly improved and risk of
smoky chimnies diminished-at the same time the upper rooms are aired by heat
imparted from the flues passing through.
I propose also to introduce a novelty long wanted in each chimney stack-
namely a ventilator flue extending from basement floor to chimney top by which
means each room is ventilated through perforations provided in this flue level with
the ceiling and all bad gases removed as heat is imparted to the ventilator from
the adjacent fire flues hence the necessary draught is produced..
My invention consists in the introduction of pottery ware flues glazed inside
surface, by preference, rectangular in section of brown potteryware formed of two
angular bent tiles longitudinally joined by a rabbed at cross corners the ends
being bevilled to each other so that a level face inside is maintained-this inner
surface being glazed perfectly smooth as glass prevents friction to the passage of
the smoke.
The outer surface is left quite rough to hold the plaster better fand is grooved
transversely to secure it better in position and facilitate the cutting of it to any
odd length required.
The bends of these flues are formed of two tiles in section horseshoe joined by a
rabbed up the centre of the opposite sides so formed to facilitate the manufacture
of the pottery like the others the ends are bevilled.
Such flues used as ventilators are provided where required with a recess to
receive the metal ventilator fitting. These flues may be made of lengths suited
to the usual courses of bricks say 24 to 27 inches.
I also propose to make linings for engine or factory chimney stacks with glazed
slabs secured at four corners with a pillow piece provided with a rabbel into which
these slabs fit leaving an air space between the lining and the external shell of
T

page_text: the chimney which protects the shell from the severe heat and prevents it cracking
and crumbling also keeps the gases of the inner flue warm and so promotes
draught.
This arrangement is particularly valuable for underground flues leading to
stacks.
By this idea the draught would be double and the section of chimney might be
much reduced as also the height.
I also propose to include the arrangement of soot, and flue doors by dispensing
entirely with the metal frame and substituting fire clay which shall be built
permanently into the brickwork-the present metal frames expand and contract
with variations of temperature and destroy the surrounding brickwork-I propose
to secure the iron door to the face of the fireclay frame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
A com-
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th January 1882.
munication from abroad by Hermann Wirths und Sohn, of Remscheid,
Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SKATES." A communication from abroad by Hermann Wirths und Sohn, of
Remscheid, Germany.
This Invention relates more particularly to the means of attaching skates to the
boots of skaters, and has for its object to fasten the skate by simply treading upon
it with the foot, without previously adjusting the mechanism according to the size.
of the boot. For this purpose use two sole clamps and a heel claw operated by
the following mechanism. The sole clamps are connected with a rod placed under
the sole plate and provided with teeth at its rear end. The front end of the sole.
plate is attached to the blade of the skate, while the rear end carries two angular
plates projecting downward and guiding the blade between them. One of the said
angular plates has a vertical slot through which passes a hook attached to the
blade. When the rear end of the sole plate is pressed downward a nose attached
to a spring falls under the said hook, thereby retaining the skate in its closed
position. The two angular pieces serve also to guide a movable plate situated
under the sole plate and carrying on its front end the heel claw, while the rear end
forms a hinge for a pallet adapted to gear into the teeth of the above named rod.
When the boot is placed on the open sole plate which is continually pressed upward
by the said rod acting as a spring, it is only necessary to bring the heel claw in
contact with the heel, and the sole clamps in contact with the sole, after which the
mechanism is closed by the mere weight of the body resting on the foot.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF BETA NAPHTHYLAMINE-SULPHO ACID AND OF COLORING MATTERS THEREFROM
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th July 1882. A communication from
the "Farbfabrik, vormals Brönner" at Frankfort on the Main Germany.
FRANK WIRTH of the firm of Wirth and Company Patent Solicitors at
Frankfort on the Main in the Empire of Germany "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE
OF BETA NAPHTHYLAMINE-SULPHO ACID AND OF COLORING MATTERS THEREFROM."
[A communication from the "Farbfabrik, vormals Brönner" at Frankfort on the
Main Germany]
The exchange of the hydroxyl group of Beta Naphthole for the Amido group.
can, according to the observations of my correspondent also be applied to the
sulpho-acids of Beta Naphthole.
If the salts of the sulpho-acids of Beta-Naphthole be heated in the presence of
aqueous ammonia or if the acid or neutral ammonium salts of Beta Naphthole
Sulpho acids be heated in the presence of hydrate of lime or of any other body
that effects the liberation of ammonia, an amido combination of the Beta Naphthole-
sulpho-acids will take place
NH, Na + 2 H₂O
NH,+NaOH = C H so
OH
C₁o H. SOS
Example. 60 parts by weight of neutral or acid Beta Naphtholemonosulphate
of ammonia are heated under pressure together with 60 parts of water and 12
parts of hydrate of lime for 24 hours at a temperature of from 150° to 180° Cent.
The crystalline mass produced is dissolved in hot water and separated by filtration
from any excess of hydrate of lime present, and is then diluted with about 500 parts
of water and acidulated. The Beta Naphthylamine sulpho acid produced is at once
separated in the form of fine crystals. The mass is allowed to cool, is filtered, and
the acid thoroughly expressed. In order to obtain the acid perfectly pure a single
solution in alkalies and reprecipitation by acids will generally suffice:
The Beta Naphthylaminsulpho acid obtained in this manner is essentially
different in its properties from the hitherto known mono-amidosulpho-acids of Beta
Naphthole. It is almost insoluble in cold water and dissolves with difficulty in hot
water from which it separates in beautiful crystalline plates of a silvery lustre.
It forms a Barium salt that dissolves with difficulty and that crystallises in the
Price 211

page_text: form of long needles containing 5 molecules of water of crystallisation. The diazo
combination of the above described new amidosulpho-acid of Beta Naphthole forms
with the Phenoles and Oxyphenoles and their ether and sulpho-acids, a series of
new coloring matters which vary, according to the components employed, between
yellow and a red-violet or red-brown. A beautiful gold yellow coloring matter 5
is obtained for instance by the combination of the diazoacid with Resorcine in the
known manner. In the same way an Orange coloring matter is obtained with
Phenole and a pure blood-red coloring matter with Alpha Naphtholsulphoacid
and so on.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH FIRE-ESCAPES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th June 1882. A communication
to him from abroad by C. H. Höhmann, of Cassel, Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
CONNECTED WITH FIRE-ESCAPES." A communication to mo from abroad by
C. H. Höhmann, of Cassel, Germany.
This invention has for its object to lower persons or goods from burning houses
by means of a band or rope and without loss of time, also to enable persons to lift
themselves up to the windows or other parts of buildings by winding up the rope
or band from which they are suspended.
The apparatus for this purpose comprises a cylindrical casing containing a spring
and ratchet mechanism, the spring mechanism consisting of a spiral spring attached
at one end to the axle of the casing and at the other to the movable spring casing
which carries an excentric bracket or bearing movable around the axle of the casing
and holding a short axle for a tooth wheel provided with a click gearing into a
ratchet wheel mounted on the same axle and driving a toothed pinion which gears
into a larger tooth wheel mounted on the central shaft. The tooth wheel carrying
the click gears into a pinion mounted on the central axle and cast in one piece
with a brake disc, which is slightly movable along its axle and can be pressed
against the face of the large tooth wheel mounted on the same axle, the necessary
pressure being produced when required, by turning a crank provided with a wart
or projection. In the hollowed face of the tooth wheel covered by the brake disc
are lodged three segments provided with radial slots into which project pins
rivetted to the brake disc.
The main axle of the casing is supported at its ends by an iron strap which may
be hooked to any convenient part of a building, but preferably to a small portable
crane capable of being secured to the posts and sills of windows by means of a bar
capable of sliding along the top side of the crane, a row of pins and holes, an
anchor plate and a key for fixing the bar in various positions, so as to suit various
thicknesses of walls, the sliding bar being bent round at its inner end and provided
with a screw spindle for clamping the wall, while the lower end of the crane post
rests against the window sill.

page_text: The mechanism which enables a man to lift himself along the wall of a building
to which the upper end of a band is secured, consists of a cylindrical casing
containing a spiral spring and forming a drum for winding up the band, in com-
bination with a toothed pinion mounted on the axle of the drum, a toothed wheel
gearing on one side into the said pinion and on the opposite side into an internally
toothed ring cast to the face of the drum. On one end of the axle are mounted
two cranks placed at right angles and on the other end a ratchet wheel, into which
gears a pawl pivotted to the back of the drum.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROPES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sydney Simmons and Joseph
Tullidge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February
1882.
SYDNEY SIMMONS and JOSEPHI TULLIDGE both of Pleasant Grove York Road
in the County of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROPES
The improvements consist in so manipulating by interlacing or plaiting the
strands of ropes or cables that any number of offsets or offshoots from said ropes
can be made without severing the strands which will be continuous and the offsets
not need joining on as at present. The accompanying Drawing will explain how
the improvements are to be performed Figure 1 represents a finished rope with
offset constructed according to the Invention in this case it will be seen that the
main rope consists of four strands and that two pass on continuously and two are
deflected and stranded as seen-In Figure 2 the same rope is represented untwisted
so that the construction may be more clearly seen-like letters represent liko
strands in both Figures-The improved manufacture is intended more especially
for fringed ropes for beating carpets and to dispense with the knots or joints as
made at present which are prominent and beat holes in the carpets besides
requiring constant removal.
A SPITTOON APPLICABLE TO USE IN PUBLIC CONVEYANCES USED BY SMOKERS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Clark at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th January 1882.
JAMES CLARK of Bloomsbury Mansion Hart Street, Bloomsbury in the County
of Middlesex, Architect. A SPITTOON APPLICABLE TO USE IN PUBLIC CONVEYANCES
USED BY SMOKERS.
That it shall be made in cast iron brass or other suitable material and shall retain
the floor level of the compartment or carriage by means of upright flanges or flutes
and shall have an opening for discharge of liquids &c: which opening shall bo
closed and become airtight at all times except when emptying, thus preventing all
up-draught, by means of a valve made of vulcanized rubber or other elastic material
set fastened or otherwise placed on a spring or other suitable contrivance, which
spring shall be worked by a pivot or touch piece.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SET-SQUARES OR PLUMB RULES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1882.
A communication from Theodor Redlich, of Berlin, Germany.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt, and
G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer, of 124 Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, Germany. IMPROVEMENTS IN SET-SQUARES OR PLUMB RULES A com-
munication from Theodor Redlich, of Berlin, Germany.
This Invention consists in a set-square or mason's level constructed on the
principle of the pendulum, the motion of which is made better visible by means
of a pointer. The said pointer is a two armed vertical lever pivoted to the lower
portion of the pendulum. The short upper arm of the pointer has a vertical slot
into which projects a pin fixed to the casing of the pendulum, while the pivoted
end of the lower and longer arm is made visible through an opening of the casing
and remains opposite a fixed mark, when the pendulum is exactly vertical.
The deviation of the lower end of the lever from the vertical caused by the
deviation of the pendulum is multiplied in proportion to the length of the lower
arm as compared with the length of the upper arm. Instead of pivoting the
pointer to the pendulum, it may be pivoted to the casing the pin which projects
into the vertical slot, being in this case fixed to the pendulum. This instrument is
applicable by masons, carpenters and others for setting out vertical or horizontal
lines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES
Year: 1882

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Wyatt Francis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th January 1882.
CHARLES WYATT FRANCIS of Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES"
My Invention has reference to the steering arrangement of bicycles and has for
its object to enable the steering handles at present employed in front of and above
the legs of the rider to be dispensed with in order to prevent the obstruction which
such handles offer to the rider alighting safely clear of the machine when for
instance the driving wheel comes into contact with any obstruction.
According to my said Invention the steering arrangement consists of a projection
or of projections connected to the head, fork, or equivalent part of the bicycle
which is moved in steering the driving wheel the said projection or projections
extending between the legs of the rider to a position beneath or behind the seat
where it or they is or are provided with handles or steering devices by operating
which the projection or projections may be moved in one or the other direction to
effect the guiding of the bicycle whilst in the event of the machine coming into
contact with an obstruction tending to cause the rider to be thrown forward the
rider will have no impeding handles above his legs or in front of him to prevent
his alighting upon his feet clear of the machine. The said projection or projections
from the fork head or equivalent part may be or may be or may constitute the
trousers guard of the bicycle.
AN IMPROVED HOT PLATE [OR TABLE] FOR KEEPING UP THE HEAT IN DISHES PLATES AND THE LIKE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by Lacroix Bracco of Troyes in the Republic of France
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of the firm of W. P. Thompson & Boult, Agents for
Foreign Patent Solicitors of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and
6 Lord Street Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster [Engineer] "AN IMPROVED
HOT PLATE [OR TABLE] FOR KEEPING UP THE HEAT IN DISHES PLATES AND THE
LIKE" Communicated to him from abroad by Lacroix Bracco of Troyes in the
Republic of France
This invention relates to a table for heating, or keeping hot plates or dishes
which contain food.
According to this invention a suitable number of apertures are provided in a
table which apertures are covered with perforated metal-plates upon which the
dishes &c are supported. Under each of the apertures there is a gas burner which
preferably is provided with a separate cock so that the flame under any of the
apertures may be lit or extinguished independently of the others.
A suitable
casing surrounds each burner and provision may be made for lighting the flame say
by an electric spark if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Caleb Barker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th January 1882.
CALEB BARKER of the Estate Office Shadwell, Thetford in the County of
Norfolk "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING APPARATUS"
This Invention relates to improvements in that class of apparatus whereby signals
can be conveyed to the driver or guard of railway trains without the aid of the
ordinary fog signals and may be worked automatically in connection with the
present signals or otherwise and such signals do not require the presence of a
person to work them but can be worked from the signal box.
In carrying out my improvements a lever or projection is placed on the train and
connected to a gong, bell, or other instrument on the engine or other part of the
train and which will indicate to the driver or guard when and where he passes a
signal, also what the signal is, so that in case of fog it will not be necessary to
have men on the spot to work the signal, or if the lights of the present signals
should go out or become covered with snow in the event of a snow-storm the
driver will still know what the signal is; there is or are another lever or other
levers or projections placed on the line and worked from the signal box either
independent of or in connection with the present signals.
By this construction of apparatus, if the parts be in their normal position it will
be understood that when a train is passing a signal the lever or projection on the
train will come in contact with the lever or levers or projections on the line and
such lever on the train being in connection with the gong, bell or other indicator,
such gong, bell or other indicator will indicate to the driver or guard what the
signal is that he is passing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' BINNACLES AND COMPASSES WHEREBY THE COMPASS IS MADE TO INDICATE THE SHIP'S COURSE AS CORRECTED FOR LEE WAY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rudolph Eyre Melsheimer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th October 1882.
RUDOLPH EYRE MELSHEIMER of 3 Harcourt Buildings Temple E.C. Barrister
at Law. IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' BINNACLES AND COMPASSES WHEREBY THE
COMPASS IS MADE TO INDICATE THE SHIP'S COURSE AS CORRECTED FOR LEE WAY
The bowl of the binnacle containing the compass is made to revolve about a
central vertical axis by being fixed on a pivot supported by bearings in the stand
of the binnacle and stepped in the deck.
To this pivot a short arm is fixed in the same vertical plane as the "lubber
line" and opposite to it-To this arm a rope of sufficient length is mado fast and
towed astern when the ship is in motion.
The "lubber line" is then deflected to a position which indicates the ship's
course as corrected for lee way.
The arm may either be rigidly fixed to the pivot, or be made-self-adjusting to
any point in the length of the pivot.
To the fixed part of the binnacle a fine wire is attached and bent inside the
bowl clear of the gimbolls so as to constitute a fixed lubber line in line with the
ship's head.
The bowl is fitted with clamps in order that it may be fixed when desired.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPLICATION OF TELEPHONIC CONDUCTORS AND APPARATUS THEREFor.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th January 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by Jules Desirè Morel, of Roubaix, France.
A
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. A NEW OR IMPROVED
APPLICATION OF TELEPHONIC CONDUCTORS AND APPARATUS THEREFor.
cominunication from abroad by Jules Dèsirè Morel, of Roubaix, France.
This invention has for its object to record the conversation carried on through a
telephonic conductor by combining with the same a phonograph.
It consists in utilizing the telephonic conductor for producing an induced current
in a wire passing round an electro-magnet which attracts an anchor whenever
the main circuit is closed, thereby closing another circuit produced by a galvanic
battery, and passing round a second electro-magnet which moves the pointer of a
phonograph.
The derived current may be taken from any suitable place of the telephonic
conductor, and the recording instrument may be an ordinary phonograph or any
other known recording instrument operated by an electro-magnet, inserted into the
battery circuit.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING DRYING ROOMS, APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Garrett Tongue at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th July 1882. A communication to
me from abroad by Henry Wattel of Tourcoing France.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck Patent Agents
and Engineers of 34 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING DRYING ROOMS,
APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PURPOSES A communication to me from abroad by
Henry Wattel of Tourcoing France.
"
This invention relates to the application of ventilating apparatus for forcing
introducing circulating and withdrawing air and vapour from drying rooms
applicable to various useful purposes
The ventilating apparatus is fixed or arranged so that the air heated or other-
wise enters by a pipe or passage underneath the floor of the drying room at the
ends or sides thereof other pipes being fixed or arranged so as to branch out in
different directions. The air pipes or ventilating passages are pierced with holes
varying in size according to the diameter of the pipe or passage and the quantity
of air forced or passed through the same which will vary according to the length
dimensions and character of the drying room to which the ventilating apparatus
is applied.
The air for ventilation forced through the exit holes of the pipe and through or
on to the floor ascends into the interior of the drying room in the centre of which
an exhaust pipe is fixed or arranged the end of which is provided with a funnel
shaped mouth piece the diameter of the exhaust apparatus being in proportion to
the size of the drying room so as to exhaust the air which has passed through the
drying floor and thereby charged with vapour from the goods or articles to be
dried
By these means there is always a current of air which carries off vapour from the
drying room thereby enabling the operatives to work in much greater degrees of
heat than they could without the said apparatus and for a much longer time.
The same current of air also serves to hasten the drying operation
This improved drying apparatus may be advantageously applied to various kinds
of drying rooms used for various purposes

page_text: The accompanying drawing serves to illustrate the method of carrying thi
invention into practice
A Air exhauster or fan
B Ventilating pipe surrounding the drying room.
C Drying room floor
D Exhaust funnel or hood
E Exhaust pipe for withdrawing moist air or vapour
IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMOMETERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Townsend at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1882.
CHARLES TOWNSEND of the firm of Ferris and Co. of Union Street[,] Bristol[,] in
the County of Gloucester "IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMOMETERS
"
My Invention relates to that class of thermometer which has the scale etched on
the tube thereof.
When thermometers are examined by comparison with a standard instrument it
is almost invariably the case that some slight errors are found to exist in the
scale and these errors are set down on a certificate which is supplied with the
thermometer and which is numbered and marked in accordance with the numbers
and marks on the thermometer to ensure identity therewith. Now when the
thermometer is used and an exact reading is desired the certificate or a copy thereof,
which may have been entered in a book, has to be consulted and the errors added
to or subtracted from the observed scale reading.
This is a troublesome operation as it involves reference to the certificate of
correction or to a copy thereof which possibly may not at the time be within reach
or may have been lost.
According to my invention I obviate this difficulty by etching or otherwise
marking the errors on the thermometer tube itself together with the monogram
and number or other mark or indication of the examining office thereby enabling
the necessary corrections to be inade at a glance.
The thermometer tube has the scale and figures etched or otherwise marked
thereon before its examination with the standard instrument, then after the
instrument has been examined the corrections to be made in the reading are etched
or otherwise marked above or below the scale and where such corrections are in
the shape of additions they are indicated by the sign + and the required figure
and when in the shape of subtractions they are indicated by the sign and the
required figure.
-
By these means the thermometer carries with it the corrections found to be
necessary thereby greatly enhancing its utility as the correct reading can be at
once obtained by reference to the thermometer alone.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF TOBACCO
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Howard at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th November 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by Edward Howard of Gasport, Niagara County, New York,
United States of America.
"
JOHN HOWARD of 3 Pier Road Erith in the County of Kent "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PREPARATION OF TOBACCO Communicated to him from abroad by Edward
Howard of Gasport, Niagara County, New York, United States of America.
The object of this Invention is to decompose and destroy nicotine in tobacco
without destroying its fragrant or aromatic properties and so to render the tobacco
perfectly harmless when smoked.
To remove nicotine from tobacco I submit the tobacco in a dry state to a tempe-
rature of from about 320° to 420° Fahrenheit and I prefer to effect this by bringing
superheated steam into direct contact with it. For this purpose I place the dry
tobacco into a wire work or perforated frame and place the frame within a
receptacle of iron or copper which can be closed keeping it apart from the vessel's
sides. This outer receptacle should be covered with some good non-conducting
material.
The outer receptacle is provided with suitable inlets or outlets for the inlet and
outlet of superheated steam and also for the removal of the frame. The heated
steam when admitted to the receptacle can pass freely all around the wire work or
other frame containing the tobacco so that the steam has free access to the tobacco
and permeates through it.
The supply of steam to the vessel I obtain from any suitable steam generator
I pass it first through a superheater and conduct it from the superheater into the
receptacle. The temperature of the steam admitted to the receptacle I control by
means of an injector or other suitable apparatus for admitting air or steam at a
lower temperature to mix with the heated steam-this apparatus is placed between
the superheater and the receptacle containing the tobacco. The tobacco should be
submitted to the action of the steam for from 15 to 20 minutes more or less
according to the kind of tobacco under treatment. The decomposition and destruc-
tion of the nicotine will then be complete afterwards the supply of steam to the
receptacle is cut off and the tobacco allowed to cool.
Incidentally in the process above described the bitter extractive contained in
tobacco is also decomposed and destroyed as well as the nicotine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR SECURING WINDOW CURTAINS AND MAINTAINING THEM IN A STRETCHED POSITION.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Mortimer Tarratt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October 1882.
HENRY MORTIMER TARRATT of 115 High Street, Stoke Newington in the
County of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR SECURING WINDOW
CURTAINS AND MAINTAINING THEM IN A STRETCHED POSITION.
The object of this Invention is improvements in appliances for securing window
curtains and maintaining them in a stretched position whereby the height or
position of the curtain rod may be regulated at will.
My Invention consists of a rack which is fastened to the side of the window
frame. Sliding in this rack is a plate having a spring on its underside which takes
into the teeth of the rack when slid along. The upper side of the plate has two
lugs which take into two holes formed in another plute having a ring shaped
projection on one of its sides and at right angles for the reception of a short tube,
one end of which tube is flush with the projection, the other end having a hinged
plate or screw threaded button.
The two plates above mentioned may if desired form one piece, a slot or recess
being formed in it to allow of the usual brass or other band to take into.
In carrying my Invention into practice the upper hem of the curtain is passed
along a rod or tube the ends of the rod or tube are passed into the short tube of
the appliance one of which is fitted at each side of the window frame.
When the curtain rod is in place the hinged plate or threaded button on the
short tube of the appliance is closed down or screwed in to prevent the curtain rod
from shifting its position. One only of the short tubes may be provided with the
hinged plate, the tube of the appliance on the opposite side of the window frame
being closed up.
For the bottom hem of the window curtains the racks and springs are dispensed
with, the curtain being simply run on the curtain rod or tube which take into the
short tubes of the appliances on either side of the window frame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR PROMOTING ECONOMY IN THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL IN FURNACES AND FOR LESSENING THE EMISSION OF SMOKE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James William Wood and James
Greenwod at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February
1882.
JAMES WILLIAM WOOD and JAMES GREENWOOD both of Oldham in the County
of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR PROMOTING
ECONOMY IN THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL IN FURNACES AND FOR LESSENING THE
EMISSION OF SMOKE."
Our Invention relates principally to the furnaces of steam generators and has
for its objects to obtain greater economy in the consumption of fuel therein anꞌl to
lessen the emission of smoke from the chimneys. The heated gases after they have
passed through the flues in the boiler seating still have a high temperature and we
propose to utilise some of the heat which is now lost by discharging the heated
gases into the atmosphere. To this end we employ a fan or blower to draw a
portion of the heated gases which have passed through the flues in the boiler
seating and to discharge such portion into a flue or passage which conveys it to
the furnace. The gases so conveyed to the furnace are discharged below the grate
or are introduced at the bridge or into the furnace so as to mingle with the products
of combustion and to increase the heat of the furnace and so aid in the combustion
of the products. In some cases we may use the gases after they have passed
through the economiser flue when an economiser is used. We may use more than
one fan or blower or more than one return flue or passage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN. ELECTRIC ACCUMULATORS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th January 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by Augustin Morel, of Roubaix, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
ELECTRIC ACCUMULATORS." A communication from abroad by Augustin Morel, of
Roubaix, France.
This Invention has for its object to reduce the weight of electric accumulators
and consists in the application of a series of receptacles provided with two metallic
blades or other good conductors which serve as poles for the decomposition of
water or other suitable liquid. If an electric current is made to pass through these
elements, the receptacles are filled with gas, water yielding one volume of oxygen
and two volumes of hydrogen. If now the current is broken or diminished, the
oxygen combines again with the hydrogen to form water, thereby yielding the
exact amount of electricity which has been previously spent.
The gases which feed or generate the secondary current may be produced by
some other apparatus, in any known way, and compressed before entering the
receptacles which belong to the accumulator. By increasing or diminishing the
pressure of the gases, the strength of the current generated by them, may be
varied.