Improvements in the "Picking-motion of Under-pick Looms for Weaving."
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1889
Specification Accepted, 16th Mar., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the "Picking-motion of Under-pick Looms for
Weaving."
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the firm of Fell and Wilding of 1 Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention, a communication from abroad by William Tucker of the Village of East
Brookfield in the State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Machinist, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the pick-roll arms and plates, or the carriers of "pick-rolls,"
in the shuttle-throwing apparatus of looms.
Formerly the pair of pick-arms most commonly employed at each end of the
loom were made in one piece, having a hub by which it was keyed to the shaft; but,
owing to the numerous breakages from the heavy blows of the pick-rolls upon the
pick-shoes and the long delays for repairs so occasioned, such arms were and are now
commonly made in three parts, namely, a plate or hub which is keyed to the shaft,
and two pieces, forming the arms proper, which are divided at a line passing through
the center of the shaft, so that a new piece or pieces may be readily bolted on in place
of either or both when a break occurs.
The present invention consists in certain novel combinations of parts, as hereinafter
set forth and claimed, whereby the pick-roll arms become practically free from liability
to be accidentally broken; the noise of the pick-motions is materially reduced,
durability in other respects is insured, and a better clearance of the pick-rolls from
the shoes is effected.
Two sheets of drawings accompany this specification as part thereof.
Figure 1 of these drawings represents a face view of an improved pick-motion
device illustrating this invention; Figure 2 represents a top view of the same as
seen in Fig. 1; Figure 3 represents a fraguentary end-view, partly in section, of
a loom provided with my improved pick-motion devices; and Figure 4 represents
a front view of the pick-shoe seen in Fig. 3.

page_text: Like letters of reference indiente corresponding parts in the suvoral figuros.
The customary longitudinal rotary shatt, A, is provided near each end with a faco-
plate, B, male fast thereon by a koy, k, Fig. 2, and a double-ended arm-piece, (, on
the outer side of the face-plate, which arm-pieco is preferably a single casting, having
an eye at midlength, within which the shaft A forms a fulcrum and keeps the arms
axially in position.
The arm-piece of each pick-motion is loose angularly on the shaft A, and is held
longitudinally of the shaft against the face-plate B hy shouldered tap-bolts or
screws,,, which pass through slots, a, a, in the face-plate, concentric with tho
shaft, into tapped holes in the arm-pieco C, and are wrunched up to their shoulders
against the arm-piece, leaving just room enough between shoulder and head for tho
free play of the arm-piece angularly in contact with the face-plate; longitudinal
displacement being prevented and said angular movement limited by said screws b
and slots a.
Dingonally opposite hosses, D, D, on the same face of the plate B, project to a
thickness about equal to that of the arm-piece, and are provided in their driving
surfnees, opposed to the rear edges of the respective arms, with drilled chambers, c, c,
forming spring-abutments; and spiral springs, S, S, seated in these chambers, and
projecting therefrom, act against the respective arms to push them from the bosses as
far as said screws and slots a will allow.
The extremities of the arm-pieco are provided, as in other pick-motions, with
suitably shouldered roll-studs, m, m, fastened by screw-nuts, n, n, nt effective
points within slots, o, o; the latter being concentric with the shaft A, and the studs
flattened where they pass through the slots, as shown in Fig. 1. The pick-rolls, E, E,
rotate freely on the protruding ends of the roll-studs m, being secured against escapo
by pins, p, for example: and an ordinary pick-shoe, F, Figs. 3 and 4, to coet with
each pair of rolls, is bolted fast in effective position on a rock-shaft, (i, at right angles
to said shaft A, in customary manner.
Motion may be transmitted from the rock-shafts G to the shuttle or shuttles in
customary manner, as illustrated by Fig. 3, that is to say by the lever-arm, H, fast
on each rock-halt, through connections, 1, to the picker-staff, J, at its end of the
loom, and from the latter through connections, K. to its picker, L, within the lay, M.,
and shuttle-box or boxes, N. Fig. 3 represents a loom with several boxes at each end,
each set being movable vertically by an ordinary box-motion, represented by its
rod, O. to bring any box with its shuttlo into line with the pickers at will. The
picker-staff J is pivoted, as at æ Fig. 3, to the lay-frame; and both pickers are
retracted, and hoth pick-shoes re-elevated, through the respective picker-staffs and
connections, by the customary pick-spring, P, near the floor, which is connected with
both picker-staffs by a strap, Q, at each end thereof.
The loom is represented in Fig. 3 in position for a shuttle to fly. The dotted
cirola y represents the path of the outermost or acting surfaces of the pick-rolls, and
the arrow the direction in which thay revolve. At fho contact of a roll E with the
shoo F there is a little lost motion, as the springs S yield more readily than the shoo
and shuttle, with the added inertia of the intermediato parts aforesaid, and tho
resistanou of the picker-spring P. The strain and noise are thus reduced as aforesaid,
and the shuttle is started by persuasive force," so to speak, instead of by a suddon
blow. After the shuttle is started, the springs S, tending to recover their normal
length, accelerate the revolving motion of the rolls; and at the last end of the driving
stroke of each roll "clear" it from the shoo F, so as to permit the lattor to riso and
the picker to be retracted with the utmost rapidity. In this operation the advance
motion of the recoiling springs is superadded to the constant advance motion of the
shaft A. To securo tliose advantages in perpetuity the elastic modium through which
the force is transmittel must possess a considerable range of elasticity. Spiral springs
of tempered stoel-wire are found to have this large range of action when rightly
constructed; and in each of my devices the olasticity of two such springs is utilized
in connection with the action of each pick-roll.
As looms are often constructed now with as many as seven shuttle-boxos N at onch

page_text: end, and shuttle after shuttle must be sont from the same end of a loom running at
10 rovolutions per minute or thereabout, it becomes a matter of great importance
to attend to the question of time. With so many boxes each of which must come to
the proper level on timo within a fraction of a second, with the vertical movement
possibly from one extreme to the other as represented by dotted lines in Fig. 3, the
clearance of the pick-rolls becomes of vital importance, as the shoe cannot rise faster
than the movement of the escaping roll, the picker cannot be fully retracted until the
shoe rises, and the boxes cannot be shifted until the retraction of the picker is com-
pleted. My improved pick-motions provide as aforesaid for expediting the completion
of all those movements; and this without complication of parts, and with reduced
liability to breakage, and reduced noise.
I have described a pair of pick-rolls for each end of the loom because this arrange-
ment is now usually employed. With a single roll at each end of the loom one of
the springs S, with one of the bosses D, could be omitted at each end; but the
duplex arrangement would preferably still be used, omitting only the extremity
of the second arm boyond the perimeter of the face-plate at each end of the loom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In the picking-motion of an under-pick loom, the combination of springs with
each of the carriers of the "pick-rolls," substantially as herein before specified.
2. The combination with the shaft A "face-plate "B and "arm-piece" C of the pair
of spiral springs S scated in chambers in the face plate B and acting against the
respective arms of said "arm-piece," and the stop-screws b working in slots a to
limit the independent play of said "arm-piece," substantially as hereinbefore
specified, for the purposes set forth.
3. In an under-pick loom, the combination of "pick-roll" carriers, each having a
spring or springs, with "pick-rolls" "pick-shoes" and "pickers" common to two or
more shuttle-boxes, substantially as hereinbefore specified with reference to Fig. 3, for
the purposes set forth.
DL:
in
1000