IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR PULVERIZING MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS."
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Brown Jordan and Thomas Rowland Jordan of
Adélaide Chambers, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, Engineers,
for the Invention of 'IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR
PULVERIZING MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Brown Jordan and
Thomas Rowland Jordan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
3rd December 1879.
THOMAS BROWN JORDAN and THOMAS ROWLAND JORDAN, of Adelaide Chambers,
Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR PULVERIZING MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS."
Our Invention relates to an improved machine for crushing or pulverizing to
any degree of fineness, rock, mineral, or any other material in a simple and
economical manner.
The said machine is constructed in the following manner :-
Two castings bolted together by flanges either on a vertical or horizontal centre
line form a shallow cylindrical crushing chatuber.
These castings carry long bearings on either side of the flat faces, in which run
two shafts in the same axis but entirely independent of each other, and which meet
end to end in the centre of the crushing chamber.
On the inside ends of these shafts are keyed two cast iron or steel fans or beaters
with a suitable number of arms, which revolve nearly in contact with each other
and with the sides and periphery of the chamber.
The blades or arms of these fans are so adjusted as to cause their faces to make
an angle of about 45° with the axis of the shaft, the arms in one fan having their
faces parallel with those on the other in the horizontal plane.
On the outer ends of the shafts are keyed two driving pulleys.
Above the crushing chamber is placed a feed hopper in which are fitted two
breaking jaws, and to these a movement is transmitted by eccentrics or other
similar means from the fan shafts or a counter shaft to partially break and regulate
the feed of the material to be crushed. The amount of movement and the distance
between these jaws may be regulated to suit the material to be operated upon.
Duine G21

page_text: Having now described the parts composing our improved machine, its mode of
action is as follows:-
The two fans or beaters are revolved in opposite directions by means of driving
belts on the pulleys keyed thereto; the speed may be from 1000 to 1500 revolutions
per minute, or even more, but may be varied according to the degree of pulverization
required.
The material is fed into the hopper above the crushing cylinder, where it is first
reduced by the crushing jaws to a uniform size, and is thence delivered at a
uniform rate upon the revolving beaters from the upper and extreme portion of the
periphery.
The material thus falls in its crudest and largest form upon the extreme
circumference of the rapidly revolving beaters, that is, at the points of highest
velocity and therefore of greatest impact. These inclined faces of the beaters
thus strike the falling material against the faces of adjacent beaters on the opposite
revolving fan.
This operation is repeated in rapid succession whilst the material is falling
through the crusher, and until it is reduced to a sufficiently fine powder. This
resulting product collects in the bottom of the cylindrical chamber, from whence it
passes outwards through a suitable opening, which may be fitted with a grating
or not.
It will be seen that the angle given to the arms or beaters of the fans ensuers
that the material is reciprocated backwards and forwards by alternate blows
between them, and that the velocity given to these arms will determine the
fineness to which the material is reduced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by 2
the said Thomas Brown Jordan and Thomas Rowland Jordan in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 3rd June 1880.
THOMAS BROWN JORDAN and THOMAS ROWLAND JORDAN, of Adelaide Chambers,
Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, Engineers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR PULVERIZING MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS."
Our Invention relates to an improved machine for crushing or pulverizing to any
degree of fineness, rock, mineral, or any other material in a simple and economical
manner.
The said machine is constructed in the following manner:
Two castings bolted together by flanges either on a vertical or horizontal centre
line form a shallow cylindrical crushing chamber.
These castings carry long bearings on either side of the flat faces, in which run
two shafts in the same axis but entirely independent of each other, and which meet
end to end in the centre of the crushing chamber.

page_text: On the inside ends of these shafts are keyed two cast iron or steel fans or beaters
with a suitable number of arms, which revolve nearly in contact with each other.
and with the sides and periphery of the chamber.
The blades or arms of these fans are so adjusted as to cause their faces to make
an angle of about forty five degrees with the axis of the shaft, the arms on one fan
having their faces parallel with those on the other in the horizontal plane.
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On the outer ends of the shafts are keyed two driving pulleys. Above the
crushing chamber is placed a feed hopper, in which may be fitted two breaking
jaws, and to these a movement is transmitted by eccentrics or other similar means
from the fan shafts or a counter shaft to partially break and regulate the feed of.
the material to be crushed. The amount of movement and the distance between
these jaws may be regulated to suit the material to be operated upon.
Having now described the parts composing our improved machine, its mode of.
action is as follows:-
The two fans or beaters are revolved in opposite directions by means of driving
belts on the pulleys keyed thereto; the speed may be from one thousand to one
thousand five hundred revolutions per minute, or even more, but may be varied;
according to the degree of pulverization required.
The material is fed into the hopper above the crushing cylinder, where it is first.
reduced, when necessary, by the crushing jaws to a uniform size, and is thence
delivered at a uniform rate upon the revolving beaters from the upper extreme.
portion of the periphery.
The material thus falls in its crudest and largest form upon the extreme
circumference of the rapidly revolving beaters, that is, at the points of highest
velocity and therefore of greatest impact. The inclined faces of the beaters thus
strike the falling material against the faces of adjacent beaters on the opposite,
revolving fan.
This operation is repeated in rapid succession whilst the material is falling
through the crusher, and until it is reduced to a sufficiently fine powder. This
resulting product passes outwards through a suitable opening or openings, which
may be fitted with a grating or not, situate at any part of the periphery.
It will be seen that the angle given to the faces of the arms or beaters of the
fans ensures that the material is reciprocated backwards and forwards by alternate
blows between them, and that the velocity given to these arms and the position of
the openings will determine the fineness to which the material is to be reduced.
The outer points of the arms may be bent forward in the direction of rotation_
out of the radial line, in order to prevent the jamming of the material between the
extremity of the arm and the interior of the casing.
And in order that our Invention may be the better understood, we now proceed
to describe the Drawings annexed hereto, reference being had to the letters and
figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a side sectional elevation; Figure 2 is a transverse sectional
elevation; Figure 3 is an outside plan of the crushing machine. Like letters have
. reference to like parts in each of the Drawings.
A, A, are the two castings, which bolted together by the flanges B, B, form the
crushing chamber, in which the two cast iron or steel fans or beaters C, C, revolve.
These castings carry long bearings D, D, in which run the shafts E, E, of the
revolving beaters. At the extremity of each of these shafts are keyed pulleys F, F, by
which the beaters may be driven independently from one another. The faces of these
beaters are inclined at an angle of about forty five degrees with the axis of the shaft,
and so that the faces of the arms C, C, of one fan are parallel in the horizontal plane
with those of the other fan C, C³, as shown in detail in plan in Figure 4. It will be
seen in Figure 1 that the ends of the beaters are bent forward in the direction of
rotation to prevent the material jamming between the ends of the arms and the
interior of the casing. The top of the crushing chamber is closed by a hopper G, G,
to which is attached a feeding tray H; this tray may be raised to any convenient
inclination for feeding by means of the adjusting screw K. In the mouth of the

page_text: feed hopper may be fitted if desired two breaking jaws, to which a movement may
be transmitted by eccentrics or other similar means from the fan shafts or a
counter shaft.
Figure 5 shows the adaptation of a paddle feed wheel P fitted in the mouth of
the hopper G, the ends of the paddles being fitted with hard brushes or india
rubber pads. This paddle wheel is made to revolve by a ratchet feed Q, driven by
an eccentric from the fan shaft or by other suitable means.
The exit openings of the chamber may be closed either by a sieve L carried in a
tray, which can be withdrawn from the end of the machine when desired, or a
direct delivery arrangement may be used, as shown in elevation and plan in
Figures 6 and 7. In this arrangement no sieve is used at all, and the crushing
chamber is used with only two exits N, N, opposite to the arms of each fan in the
direction of their respective rotations. These exits N, N, are made adjustable as
to their distance from the bottom of the chamber by means of sliding shutters M, as
shown, which may be used to raise the lower edge of the exit to any desired height
from the bottom of the chamber, or this may be effected by any other suitable
means of adjustment.
And having now declared the nature of our Invention, and particularly described.
and ascertained the manner in which the same is to be performed, be it known
that what we claim as novel and useful and desire to protect by Letters
Patent is,―
=
I. The combinations of the various parts herein before indicated to form an
improved crushing machine, in which the material receives the greatest impact in
its crudest state and does not strike the outlets or periphery of the chamber with
any degree of centrifugal force, thus delivering the material in its finest state
direct from the machine.
II. The construction and application of the pulverizing beaters in pairs of fans
with faces parallel in the horizontal plane and at angles of about forty five degrees
to the axis of the shaft, revolving in opposite directions so as to converge the
material to their vertical centres.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Brown Jordan and Thomas Rowland
Jordan, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
THOS. B. JORDAN.
(L.S.)
Witness to the above,
MICHL. SLATTERY,
12, Litchfield St.
THOS. ROWLAND JORDAN. (L.S.)