Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 26th July, 1895-Accepted, 31st Aug., 1895
I SAMUEL PORTER of 90 Whetstone Lane, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention relates to excavators in which a bucket or scoop turns about a
fulcrum carried by a derrick. The main object is to so construct the derrick and
bucket or scoop attachments that the excavator may be efficiently used to clear or
act on the sides of narrow cuttings.
For the above purpose the derrick is made with two side frames pivotted at the
The
bottom to the motor base plate which is carried on a trolley in the usual way.
said frames are secured the required distance apart by struts or stays.
Between
and to the said frames a cylinder is pivotted by gimbals or their equivalents so as
to allow of lateral oscillating movement of the cylinder in any direction to prevent
undue strains thereon. Secured to the gimbal pivots around which the bucket or
scoop turns are blocks along which the bucket or scoop shaft is free to slide so that
as the bucket or scoop oscillates or turns about its fulcrum or pivot the cylinder is
caused to oscillate with it without bringing strain on the piston rod which is jointed
to the bucket or scoop. To enable a cylinder and piston rod to be used of sufficient
length to allow of the bucket or scoop having the necessary in and out movement
required to act on or clear the sides of narrow cuttings the said frames are made
with double girders the upper ones being angled so as to be at an increased distance
from the under girders where the bearing for the cylinder gimbals is located. The
cylinder is pivotted to the under girders of the frame and such under girders are
also angled so as to allow ample room for the bucket or scoop to act along the side
of the cutting and at the same time to allow of the frame or derrick head being
brought so low as to permit a fair lead to the bucket or scoop. The angling of the
upper girders allows of the bucket actuating chains, ropes, or their equivalents being
led clear of the cylinder and the derrick raising and lowering chains or their
equivalents being connected to the apex angle of the upper girders in a more
advantageous position than heretofore. The lead pulleys for operating the bucket
or scoop are between the derrick frames. The boiler and crane are placed on the
base plate at the foot of the derrick and steam and exhaust ways are led through
the gimbals to and from the cylinder and in and out motion is given to the bucket
or scoop by steam admitted to either end of the cylinder by means of a suitably
disposed valve.
בד
1
L 1
1005
J. JOHNSON,
Agent.
I SAMUEL PORTER of 90 Whetstone Lane, Birkenhead in the County of
Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to excavators in which a bucket or scoop turns about a

page_text: fulcrum carried by a derrick. The main object is to so construct the derrick and
bucket or scoop attachments that the excavator.may be efficiently used to clear or
act on the sides of narrow cuttings.
The
For the above purpose the derrick is made with two side frames pivotted at the
bottom to the motor base plate which is carried on a trolley in the usual way.
said frames are secured the required distance apart by struts or stays. Between
and to the said frames, a cylinder is pivotted by gimbals or their equivalents so as
to allow of lateral oscillating movement of the cylinder in any direction to prevent
undue strains thereon. Secured to the gimbal pivots around which the bucket or
scoop turns are blocks along which the bucket or scoop shaft is free to slide so that
as the bucket or scoop oscillates or turns about its fulcrum or pivot the cylinder is
caused to oscillate with it without bringing strain on the piston rod which is jointed
to the bucket or scoop. To enable a cylinder and piston rod to be used of sufficient
length to allow of the bucket or scoop having the necessary in and out movement
required to act on or clear 'the sides of narrow cuttings, the side frames are made
with double girders the upper ones being angled so as to be at an increased distance
from the under girders where 'the bearing for the cylinder gimbals is located. The
cylinder is pivotted to 'the 'under girders of the frame and such under girders are
also angled so as to allow aniple room for the bucket or scoop to act along the side
of the cutting and at the same time to allow of the frame or derrick head being
brought so low as to permit a fair lead to the bucket or scoop. The angling of the
upper girders allows of the bucket actuating chains, ropes, or their equivalents
being led clear of the cylinder and the derrick raising and lowering chains or their
equivalents being connected to the apex angle of the upper girders in a more
advantageous position than heretofore. The lead pulleys for operating the bucket
or scoop are between the derrick frames. The boiler and crane are placed on the
base plate at the foot of the derrick, and steam and exhaust ways are led through
the gimbals to and from the cylinder and in and out motion is given to the bucket
or scoop by steam 'admitted to either end of the cylinder by means of a suitably
disposed valve.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a side élévation of an excavator constructed in accordance with my
invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan of the cylinder attachments for operating the bucket or scoop;
Fig. 3 is a plan showing the steam and exhaust appliances'; and
Fig. 4 is a back elevation of the derrick and cylinder.
a is a trolley carrying the 'breast plate bon a turntable c. 'd' boiler or steam
generator. e winch. The above parts are of any usual or suitable construction
but I prefer to use a boiler of the marine type. The derrick is formed of two side
frames consisting of under and upper girders f, f¹, angled at about the part where
the piston is pivotted for the purposes herein before set forth. The derrick fis
pivotted to the base plate at g. h struts or stays for maintaining the said
frames,f, at the required distance apart. is a cylinder provided with trunnions
fitting in bearings on the gimbal ring k which is provided with trunnion / fitting
in bearings on the derrick frames f. From the above construction it will be seen
that the cylinder i may have an oscillating motion laterally in any direction.
m, are guide blocks fitting freely around. the trunnions 7. n shafts pivotted to the
bucket or scoop 0.
The shafts n are free 'to slide to and fro in guides on the
blocks m.
p adjusting bars pivotted to the bucket or scoop and shafts by which
the angle at which the cutting edge of the bucket or scoop works may be varied.
9 piston of the cylinder i pivotted to the bucket or scoop o. rsteam pipe led from
the boiler d to the valve chest s. 7 exhaust pipe led from the valve chest s to the
boiler funnel. 2 pipes led from the valve chest. to the pivots of the derrick.
pipes led from the pivots o of the derrick to the trunnions of the gimbal ring
carrying the cylinder. pipes from the gimbal trunnions to the cylinder trunnions.
"Stuffing boxes are provided wherever required by the pipe connections.
t'hand

page_text: 9
wheel and gear for giving motion to a dee or equivalent valve in the valve chest s
so that steam may be admitted to and allowed to exhaust from either set of
pipes. It will be seen that as steam is admitted through either set of pipes
to the cylinder i and allowed to exhaust through the other that the piston rod
will be caused to move in or out and carry with it the bucket or scoop. By the
above means the depth of cut at any part of the stroke may be readily regulated,
the bucket may be drawn in owing to the angling of the derrick and disposition of
the cylinder, sufficiently to clear the sloping sides of a narrow cutting when
swinging round the derrick for the purpose of depositing the excavated material at
the back of the machine, and the said bucket may also be extended sufficiently and
the movement so regulated as to allow of the trimming of the slopes. u chain and
connections from the main barrel of the winch for causing the bucket or scoop to
move about the centres b. v chain or steel wire rope and connections coupled to
the subsidiary barrel w of the winch and to the angle x of the derrick for the
purpose of raising and lowering the said derrick.
Any usual or suitable discharge door and operating appliances are used for the
bucket or scoop.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. Improvements in excavators substantially as herein set forth.
Second. In an excavator, the combination of a derrick composed of side frames;
a cylinder suspended on gimbals between such side frames; a piston-rod coupled to
a bucket or scoop; and suitable steam connections for the purposes set forth.
Third. In an excavator, the combination of a derrick composed of side frames
having upper and lower angled girders; a cylinder suspended on gimbals between
such side frames; a piston-rod coupled to a bucket or scoop; and suitable steam
connections for the purposes set forth.
Dated the 25th day of July 1895.
J. JOHNSON,
4 Clayton Square, Liverpool, Agent.