Iж- PROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO HATS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Anderson Simpson, of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Hat Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
Sealed the 24th February 1860, and dated the 1st September 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Anderson Simpson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st September 1859.
I, JOHN ANDERSON SIMPSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Hat
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iж-
PROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO HATS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," to be as
follows (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists, firstly, in introducing between the shell and ordinary
head lining of hats, caps, and other coverings for the head, a pad or pads or
cusheon or cusheons formed of worsted, plush, or other suitable elastic piled fabric,
the back of which is rendered grease-proof or grease absorbent, and retaining
in such a way that it will not part with the oily matter which may be contained
therein to objects merely in contact with the back of the fabric. To obtain
this object the back of the fabric may be coated with "india-rubber," "hatters"
proofing," varnish, or other suitable material or combination of materials, or a
suitably proofed fabric, such as "oiled silk," may be introduced at the back of
the elastic or semi-elastic padding in place of proofing the back of the padding

page_text: itself, or the grease-proof material may be used in combination with the proofed
backed elastic pads as an additional security against the grease being given off
to the hat or other head covering. By the application of this part of the
Invention to hats or other stiff coverings for the head, a good and easy fit can
be readily obtained, and the grease from the head prevented from coming into
contact with the outer portion of the hat or other covering for the head.
The second part of this Invention consists in forming air-holes through the
sides of the hat or other covering for the head in the position which is nearest
to the "temples" when in use, these openings may be covered with a band
formed from an open fabric, and a portion of the elastic padding in the interior of
the hat may be removed at that place, by which a natural up-draught ventilator
is formed by merely forming a hole or holes through any convenient portion
of the upper part of the hat or other head covering.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Anderson Simpson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 29th February 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, JOHN
ANDERSON SIMPSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Hat Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Anderson Simpson, Her special licence that I, the said John
Anderson Simpson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Anderson Simpson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO HATS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Anderson Simpson,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office

page_text: within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Anderson Simpson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say): =
This my said Invention consists, firstly, in introducing between the shell and
ordinary head lining of hats, caps, and other coverings for the head, a pad or
pads, or cushion or cushions formed of worsted, plush, or other suitable elastic
piled fabric, the back of which is rendered grease-proof or grease absorbent,
and retaining in such a way that it will not readily part with the oily or greasy
matter which it may absorb to objects merely in contact with the back of the
fabric. To obtain this object, the back of the fabric may be coated with
"india-rubber," "hatters" proofing," varnish, or other suitable material, or
combination of materials, or a suitably proofed fabric, such as "oiled silk,"
may be introduced at the back of the elastic or semi-elastic padding in place
of proofing the back of the padding itself, or the grease-proof material may be
used in combination with the proofed backed elastic pads as an additional
security against the grease being absorbed by the elastic pile, and given off to
the hat or other head covering. By the application of this part of my Invention
to hats or other stiff coverings for the head, a good and easy fit can be readily
obtained, and the grease from the head prevented from coming into contact
with the outer portion of the hat or other covering for the head.
The second part of this my said Invention consists in forming air-holes
through the sides of the body of the hat or other covering for the head, in the
position which is nearest to the temples when in use; these openings may be
covered with a band formed from an open fabric, and a portion of the elastic
padding in the interior of the hat may be removed at that place, by which a
natural up-draught ventilator is formed by merely piercing a hole or holes
through any convenient portion of the upper part of the hat or other head
covering. In some cases I prefer to form the ventilating holes near the
temples, through the lower edge of the leather or other lining, in place of
through the body of the hat or other covering for the head.
For the better elucidation of my Invention I have hereunto annexed a sketch
of a vertical section of a hat, showing one of the modes of applying my Inven-
tion, like letters and figures marked thereon, have reference to similar parts;
A, the body of a hat of the ordinary description; B, the rim; C, the lining,
which is of the ordinary description, but pierced at its lower edge with D, a
number of holes for the admission of air into the interior of the hat when in

page_text: use, and which allows a current to pass between the body of the hat and the
lining, and escape through a suitable opening or openings formed in the upper
part of the hat body; E, the elastic padding formed of worsted, plush, or other
suitable elastic piled material, and which is formed with a grease-proof or
grease and water proofed back, and may be applied in combination with a
grease-proof, or grease and water proofed fabric in conjunction with the face of
the elastic piled fabric which forms the elastic portion of the pad.
Having now fully described the nature of my said Invention for "Improve-
ments applicable to Hats and other Coverings for the Head," and how I
believe the same may be best carried out, what I claim is,-
First, the use and application to hats and other coverings for the head, of
pads or cushions formed from worsted, plush, or other elastic piled fabrics,
having the back of the fabric used grease-proof or water-proof, or grease and
water proof, substantially and in the manner herein-before set forth, or any
mere modification of the same.
Secondly, the application of a grease-proof or water-proof fabric to the face
of the piled fabric, as herein-before described.
Lastly, the peculiar mode herein-before set forth and described, or any mere
modification of the same for ventilating hats and other like coverings for the
head.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Anderson Simpson, have hereunto
set my hand and affixed my seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
WILLIAM WALKER,
of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.
JOHN ANDERSON (L.s.) SIMPSON.