DECALS or Cemings. or for
Year: 1899

page_text: DECALS or Cemings.
I, PHILIPP ESCHI, of 101, Bahnhof Strasse. Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire
of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This subject of the present invention consists in plates or sheets for wooden
ceilings, and has for its object to obtain a very light ceiling by the employment
of light materials such as plaster, pulverised pumice-stone, and by the arrange-
ment of the hollow spaces in the said plates or sheets.
Each of these plates or sheets formed of the hereinabove mentioned materials,
are so constructed as to offer internal canals or channels both transversely and
longitudinally, and they possess at their lower part and at each side a projecting
part or portion. These plates or sheets are placed between the wooden beams
or joists of the ceiling in such a manner that the above mentioned projecting
parts or portions will cover over the lower parts of the said beams or joists.
The plates or sheets are fixed to these beams or joists by means of common or
ordinary metal nails passing through holes provided in the lower face or surface
of the plates or sheets and in their lateral face, for these latter holes or apertures
formed in the plates or sheets, and in their upper parts, permit of the passage of
the head of the hammer for driving in the lateral nails. The lower face or
surface of the ceiling thus formed receives a slight coat of plaster and a filling
in layer of sand is formed upon the upper face or surface of the plates or sheets
covering the wooden beams or joists, in such a manner as to form an incom-
bustible ceiling.
Dated thin 1
1000
improvements in Fiates or Sheets for Ceilings.
I, PHILIPP ESCH, of 10, Bahnhofstrasse, Frankfort on the Main, Germany,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to plates or sheets attached to rafters, or beams, to form
ceilings and its object is to secure the advantage of extreme lightness, by making
such plates or sheets of plaster or gypsum, pulverised pumice stone and the like
гD 077

page_text: materials, as well as by providing throughout the length and breadth of the
ceiling so constructed, a number of hollow spaces, or channels.
The slabs in question are nailed to the beams, or rafters, simply with ordinary
nails inserted from below and at the sides; they are then finished off with a thin
layer of gypsum plaster. The ceiling is thus quickly finished and dries im-
mediately. Moreover, it is fire-proof.
In the annexed drawings:-
Fig. 1, is a perspective view of the new ceiling slab.
Fig. 2, is a plan view of the same.
Fig. 3, is a vertical section of part of a finished ceiling, provided with my
slabs.
After having made the slabs, as shewn in Fig. 1, by casting in suitable moulds,
they are introduced, from below, to the ceiling under construction, and they are
secured to the beams or rafters by nails, inserted either in the bottom or side
thereof as may be most convenient, or in both the bottom and side: Nailing
from the bottom of the slab is effected by means of holes (f) formed in the
parts (a) which extend laterally, like flanges on each side of the slab. Nailing
from the side of the slab is effected by means of holes (e) formed in the raised
portion thereof and extending into the recesses (c), of which there may be any
desired number. These recesses are wide enough to admit the head of a hammer
and are made deep enough to allow the operator to conveniently insert the nail,
which is driven from the interior of the recess, through the hole, to its exit in
the side of the raised portion, whence it passes into the timber.
When the slabs have thus been fixed in position the exposed surface of the
ceiling is covered with a thin layer of plaster, the joints and openings being filled
up with the same, thus hermetically sealing at it were, the beams (g) and
covering them to nearly their upper surfaces. Sand can be used as a filling to
cover the latter as shown at h.
The beams (g) may also be completely surrounded, by a layer of some incom-
bustible material, to a thickness of an inch, or more.
In this manner is formed a fire-proof ceiling, light, and well held together by
reason of the nailing on both sides of the beams, or rafters, on which the weight
is equally and uniformly divided, thereby preventing any sinking, or bulging,
of the ceiling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A plate or sheet for ceilings, distinguished by having, on its upper face, re-
cesses (c) to permit of its being nailed to the ceiling rafters, or beams, not only
from below but also at the side, substantially as herein described and set forth.
D
1041
M
1000
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for the Applicant.