IMPROVED BASIC LININGS FOR OPEN HEARTH STEEL AND IRON FURNACES to be ass
Year: 1884

page_text: I, WILLIAM FOTHERGILL BATHO of No 9 Victoria Chambers Westminster in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for "IMPROVED BASIC LININGS FOR OPEN HEARTH STEEL AND IRON FURNACES
to be as follows:
"
Basic linings as prepared and applied heretofore have had material disadvantages:
in effect from crumbling, fluxing and fluxing and shelling such linings have lasted
much less time than is desirable or should be the case for economical working. It
has been proposed to add to the basic material oxide of iron alumina, silica and
other agents with the object of at once making the lining flux and bind. When
however sufficient of the said agents is used to cause the lining to flux to any depth
it is apt and does flux too much and melt down whereas a smaller quantity causes
the surface to flux and fall away in shells..
Now the object of the present invention is to provide basic linings which will
last longer than any hitherto used and hence will, in the same furnace, ensure the
production of steel and iron at material reduction in cost.
The means whereby the objects above mentioned are secured consists essentially
in using in combination as furnace linings lime (by preference shrunk) or other
base and metallic iron so mixed together that the iron comes up to the wearing
surface in such quantity as to cause a sufficient flux and yet in such manner that
it serves as a bond.
In carrying my invention into use various practices may be followed as for
instance the lime or base may be burnt and as is known shrunk; afterwards
reduced to a more or less finely divided condition and applied in the furnace with
iron or steel wire cuttings (bent or twisted) well mixed amongst the mass, the iron
or steel wire cuttings coming to the surface so as to produce during working a
glaze or skin which by oxidation enhances the life of the lining.
There are however as will be evident numerous methods of applying our improved
linings in both new and old furnaces.
It should be mentioned that such improvements are of special importance in
connection with the furnace covered by British Letters Patent N° 5344º¹.
D
1
_ 100A

page_text: I WILLIAM FOTHERGILL BATHO of 9 Victoria Chambers Westminster in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
for IMPROVED BASIC LININGS FOR OPEN HEARTH STEEL AND IRON FURNACEST and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Basic linings as prepared and applied heretofore have had material disadvantages,.
in effect, from crumbling, fluxing and shelling such linings have lasted much less
time than is desirable or should be the case for economical working.
It has been proposed to add to the basic material oxide of iron alumina silica
and other agents with the object of strengthening the lining. When however
sufficient of the said agents is used to cause the lining to flux to any depth it is
'apt and does flux too much and melt down whereas a smaller quantity causes the
surfaces to crumble or fall away in shells.
"Now the object of the present invention is to provide basic linings which will
last longer than any hitherto used and hence will, in the same furnace, ensure the
production of steel and iron at material reduction in.cost..
The means, whereby the object above mentioned; is secured consists in using
in combination as furnace, linings lime, (by preference shrunk) or other base or
admixture, and metallic iron so mixed together that, the iron comes up to and
forms part of the wearing surface in such quantity as to cause a sufficient flux, and
yet in such manner that it serves as a,bond. ai
:
In carrying my invention into use various practices may be followed, for instance
the line or other base or admixture may be burnt, and as is known shrunk,
afterwards reduced to a more, or. less finely, divided condition and applied in the
furnace with iron, or steel wire cuttings (bent or, twisted) well mixed amongst the
mass, the iron or steel wire cuttings coming to the surface so as to produce during
working a glaze or skin which, by oxidation enhances the life of the lining, the
wire acting also as a mechanical, means of holding the lining, material together.
About 10 per cent of fine iron wire cut into lengths of from / to 1/2 inch mixed
with the lining has been found to answer well more particularly so,when uniformly
mixed or arranged as shown on the accompanying drawings.
I
I am aware it has been proposed to bind basic linings at the backs to furnace
frames but such arrangement falls far short of the double advantages of protecting
the surface and providing a mechanical, bond.
There are however as will be evident numerous methods of applying my improved
my improved
linings in both new and old furnaces.
J.'
1 of
J
[11
Ja
It should be mentioned that my improvements are of special importance. in
connection with the furnace,covered by British Letters Patent No 534482.
The sheet of drawings herewith contains seven sectional views of linings arranged
in accordance with my invention and serves to illustrate the manner in which the
iron and basic material are combined. Numerous other modifications both as
regards the configuration and disposition of the metal will suggest themselves but
those modifications shown are sufficient to allow of the invention being carried into
practice, both as regards convenience of users and suitability of forms of scrap or
metal easily got."
In all the views the same letters denote equivalent parts a surface of lining,
b body of lining, c iron mixed with b.
In fig 1 the base is mixed with and held together by metallic iron wire twisted
into serpentine forms placed lengthwise.
In fig 2 Involute coils of iron wire placed transversely are used.

page_text: In fig 3 the basic material is intimately mixed with turnings short croppings of.
wire or like small pieces of iron.
In fig 4. Wire twisted helically and laid side by side is used. Fig 5 shews
interlaced helices of wire in the base.
In fig 6 the helices are crossed.
In fig 7 matted or interlocked lengths of wire are used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
First. Linings for open hearth steel and iron furnaces composed of a base and
metallic iron arranged to serve the double purpose hereinbefore set forth.
Second. Linings for open hearth steel and iron furnaces composed of a base and
metallic iron when the latter is disposed or shaped substantially as herein described
and shown on the drawings.