Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 30th July, 1896-Accepted, 7th Nov., 1896
The liquid battery comprises
(1.) An exterior cylindrical glass vessel provided with two fillets, the first of which
indicates the level of the liquid, a solution of sodium chloride or zinc chloride,
while the second is provided for the symmetry and strength of the vessel only.
(2.) A strip of zinc forming one of the poles of the battery and being bent so
as to form a crown in a cylindrical carbon placed at the centre of the glass vessel.
This portion of the crown is furnished with a tail piece of the same material, pierced
with holes. The tail piece traverses the cover and a guard fitted thereto, and the
said holes enable the same to be lowered more or less into the liquid in the exterior
vessel by means of a pin.
(3.) A hollow cylindrical carbon closed at its two extremities, the upper extremity
being provided with means for the admission of the current, and the lower
extremity with a plug of resin. The hollow part is, by means of sulphuric acid
furnished with an agglomerate of double sulphate of alumina and potash, sulphate
of zinc and bichromate of potash. The carbon cylinder thus constituted is placed
at the centre of the exterior vessel and is kept fixed by a cavity or recess having
a slightly greater diameter than its own, formed in the cover. The carbon constitutes
at the same time one of the poles of the battery and the diaphragm.
(2) HUMID BATTERY.
The humid battery differs from the preceding only in that the exterior glass vessel
is replaced by a cylinder of zinc which constitutes the negative pole of the battery;
the carbon cylinder, charged as before stated, is placed at the centre of the cylinder
of zinc and the space which separates it is filled up with fine sand or any other
porous material; the upper surface of the sand is covered first by a layer of plaster,
then one of resin in which layer are provided two diametrically opposite holes, for
allowing the introduction of the liquid, a solution of zinc chloride or sodium chloride,
and for giving to the porous material the humidity necessary for the operation of
the battery.
It is understood that the dimensions and forms hereinbefore mentioned of the
vessel, the carbon, the zinc etc. are optional. They are those which I have found
best in the construction of the apparatus.
Dated this 20th day of November 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: The first method of construction, shown by Figs. 1 and 2 consists in the use of
a jar having a cover bored so as to allow the band of zinc to pass through which
projects from the semi-cylindrical zinc piece Z surrounding the hollow carbon C
also of cylindrical shape, containing the agglomerate above described.
The hollow
carbon also passes through the cover and is provided with a terminal for taking
off the current. The jar is filled about ths full with a solution of chloride of
sodium or of chloride of zinc, into which the zinc sheet Z may be more or less
lowered by means of small stop pins passing through holes in the zinc band projecting
out of the jar.
Another method of construction, shown by Figs. 3 and 4 consists in the use of
a zinc jar Z into which is inserted the hollow carbon C containing its agglomerate.
The space between the carbon and the outer zinc jar is filled with wood sawdust,
sand, or other porous and inert material, which is then enclosed by a layer of resin
having holes through which may be poured the solution of chloride of sodium which
will saturate the saw-dust. In this case it is therefore the zinc jar itself which
forms the negative pole, and this may be done without any inconvenience as in this
battery the zinc is never consumed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
An electric battery in which the negative pole is formed of a sheet of zinc
immersed in a solution of chloride of sodium, or chloride of zinc, the positive pole
being formed of a cylinder of porous carbon containing an agglomerate composed
of sulphate of zinc, a double sulphate of aluminium and potassium and of potassium
bichromate, these substances being ground and mixed to a thick paste with sulphuric
acid.
Dated this 20th dow of Tulu 1906
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.