CERTAIN IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR WAXING CALICO OR ANY OTHER CLOTH OR FABRIC PREVIOUS TO THE PROCESS OF GLAZING
Year: 1816

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
DEAN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Calico Glazer, lo send
greeting.
.. WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing late at
Westminster, the Fourteenth day of December now last past, did give and
grant unto me, the said William Dean, my executors, administrators, and
assigns,. His special licence, that I, the said William Dean, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR WAXING CALICO OR ANY OTHER CLOTH OR FABRIC PREVIOUS TO
THE PROCESS OF GLAZING;" in which Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso, obliging me, the said William Dean, under my hand and seal, to
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within two calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being
thereunto had;) may more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW .YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
William Dean, do hereby declare that my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and ascertained
in manner following, that is to say:-
My said Invention consists in such an arrangement of machinery, moved by
any
suitable physical or animal power, as enables me to apply the wax to the
calico or other cloth or fabric in a manner not hitherto practised by others,
and which I find to be preferable to any of the methods hitherto in use. That
the novelty and the nature of my said Invention may be more easily appre-
hended and understood, I have to premise that the method or methods hitherto
employed for applying wax to calico or other cloth or fabric previous to the
process of glazing has been by rubbing the wax by hand on the calico or other
fabric on a flat table, or by applying the wax (sometines by machinery) to the
surface of the calico or other cloth in the same or in a manner similar to that
by which the flint is applied in the process of glazing, that is to say, the calico
remains stationary while the wax applied to it was kept in motion, or the web
was made to move slowly along the table, the wax being at the same time
kept in motion; but by my said Invention, the calico or any other cloth to be
waxed is made to rub against the wax while the wax is kept stationary. Such
being the object and purpose of my Invention, any competent mechanist will
easily perceive that it does not consist so much in the particular form or
arrangement of the machinery by which this may be effected, as in the
ultimate effect to be gained by-the arrangement, whatever the arrangement
and parts of the machinery may be, for those may be altered and varied in
innumerable ways. As, however, a particular description of a machine or
mechanical arrangement which has been found to answer in practice will at
once illustrate the nature and principle of my said Invention, and at the same
time serve to direct the attention of such as may, after the expiration of the
said term, wish to exercise my said Invention, to those points which they
ought more immediately to keep in their eye for gaining the desired result, I
will here give a description of such a machine or arrangement of machinery,
with proper references to Drawings of the same hereunto attached. I shall
call Figure 1 a front view and Figure 2 a back view, and whenever the same
letters of reference are seen in both, they refer to the same parts. A is a
carriage, to support the delivering roller B, on which the web W to be waxed
is rolled up before beginning the work; from the roller B the web passes over
stationary friction staves or bars c, c, c; these may be more or fewer in number
according to the breadth of the web or other circumstances, their use and
intention being to convey the web to the cylinder or drum D, under a sufficient

page_text: degree of tension to prevent creases or wrinkles; the web passes over the
cylinder, and at the same time under the wax boxes E, (hereafter more par-
ticularly to be described), after which it passes under the roller F, (Figure 2,)
and thence to the receiving roller G, on which it is wound or rolled up. Such
or any similar arrangement and adaptation of parts being adopted, it is obvious
that if the cylinder or drum D be kept in motion by any suitable means, as by
the band or strap H, (connected with a steam engine or any moving power
passing over the pully 1, which said pully is on or connected in a line with,
so as to be. moved by the axis of the cylinder or drum D, then the rollers
before described may each be easily kept in motion and made to perform their
respective offices. Thus, in the arrangement that has been described, the
roller F being kept sufficiently close to the cylinder or drum D, with the web
between those two, the web must pass on to the receiving roller G, which
receives motion by a strap or band passing over a pully K on the same axis,
and over a pully L, on the axis of the roller F, (or another roller placed at
any other convenient part of the cylinder and driven by it may be employed
to carry the pully L and give motion by a band or strap to the pully K.)
These, or similar parts, or other mechanical contrivances adapted to give the
same result being connected and kept in motion, it is obvious that all the
parts of the web W must be brought forward and made to pass in uninter-
rupted succession under wax boxes E, which I will now describe. Figure 3
represents one of the wax boxes; it is made of metal, and for cheapness I
prefer cast-iron; it might be made of wood, but this would require that when
in use it should be loaded with a weight or pressed down by some mechanical
contrivance to make it apply with sufficient force to the web, which necessity
is most conveniently avoided by making the box itself to press the wax to the
web by its own weight, which may conveniently be from forty to fifty pounds.
The opening represented in the lower part of the box, exhibited in Figure 3,
receives a long cake of wax M, cast in a mould to give it the required form,
and the cake of wax is kept in its place by screws and nuts or any suitable
contrivance; each end of this box is received into a groove or between pins in
the frame-work, the grooves or receptacles for the said ends answering each
to part of a radius line drawn from the axis of the cylinder D. In this
description I have confined myself to one wax box for the sake of perspicuity,
but by the Drawings it will be seen that six or eight (or more or fewer) are
all used at once to give the required degree of waxing, and to insure the more
equal and effectual distribution of the wax on the surface of the web as it
passes with the revolving cylinder D under the boxes; for the reception of
these, a sufficient number of grooves (answering to rdii, or nearly so. of the

page_text: cylinder D,) are provided in the frame-work (see the Drawings); and for the
convenience of lifting the wax boxes all at once, at any time, or letting them
down, cach box (by means of a rope or chain from 'each end) is connected
with the carrier or lifter N, moveable by a common lever O, having its fulcrum
or pin at any convenient place P. N.B. The radiating grooves at each end
of the frame-work, and extending a sufficient length beyond the diameter
of the cylinder for the purpose of receiving the ends of the wax boxes, may
for each end be made in one piece of cast-iron. That the machinery-may
best answer its intended purpose, it is proper that the drum D should be
covered with some kind of cloth; that which I have found to answer best-is
that made of woollen, which is commonly, called stout printers blanket. I
need only further remark that (as in common in machinery)" there should
be the usual means for throwing the work in or out of geer, as the slide
box a, a, the lappets or clutches b, b, with a lever or handle m, 'conveniently
posited to put their action under the controul of the workman, and that the
inner ends of the axles of the pullies F and G, but especially the latter, should
have square sockets to receive the square ends of the axles of the rollers, for
the greater convenience of changing the rollers when one is removed with its
web, to make room for another. The framing needs no particular description;
it may be of wood or of cast-iron.
To conclude, I do not rest any claim to the use of iny Invention for the said
term on the particular parts organised into one machine which have been
mentioned above, as cylinders, rollers, pullies, and straps; these are all old
contrivances, and are common to almost every description of machinery. My
Invention consists in arranging these, or any of the common mechanical con-
trivances in use, in such a manner as to enable me to make all the parts of
the web that is to be waxed pass in regular succession along the surface of the
wax, the wax being at the same time pressed against the web, by weight or
otherwise, the wax pieces being stationary and the web in motion during the
process, as above described.
In witness whereof, 1, the said William Dean, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Third day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventeen.
WILLIAM DEAN. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Third day of February,
in the year afove mentioned, the aforesaid William Dean came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and everything therein contained, in form above written. And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.