NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1886

page_text: and our DUDstances.
We JOSEPH HAMPTON of King's Hill Wednesbury in the County of Stafford
Tool Manufacturer and SAMUEL PARTRIDGE of Croft House Darlaston in the
County of Stafford Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING METALS AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:-
The said invention consists of machinery constructed as hereinafter described the
said machinery being especially useful for grinding plane or curved surfaces of iron
and steel and other hard metals or alloys. But the said machinery may also be
used for other like purposes such for example as polishing metals and alloys
and for grinding and polishing hard non-metallic substances such for example as
marble,
We will describe the said invention in connection with the grinding of small
articles of iron or steel such for example as hexagonal screw nuts.
An ordinary grindstone and water trough is provided with a framing capable
of being raised and lowered vertically. This framing consists essentially of two
uprights fixed respectively at opposite points near the periphery or grinding
surface of the stone. The tops of these uprights are somewhat higher than the
top of the grindstone-Upon these uprights are two slides capable of being raised
and lowered by screws. At the bottom of each screw is a worm wheel and with
these worm wheels worms on the ends of a horizontal rod passing from near one
upright to the other engage or gear. By a winch or hand wheel on one end of this
rod rotary motion can be given to it by which motion in one or other direction the
slides on the uprights can be simultaneously raised or lowered. Guides consisting
of two flat bars are fixed respectively by screws or otherwise on each side of the
slides which are thus connected together. The said guides are in planes parallel
to the sides of the grindstone and at a distance apart preferably about double the
thickness of the grind-stone. When the slides are raised or lowered as hereinbefore
described the said guides are raised or lowered.
The screw nut to be ground is fixed in a clamp on the underside of a holder or
flat plate which plate is placed crosswise on the guides. Rotation is given to the
grindstone by hand or other power and the guides are lowered to the position in
which the face of the nut to be ground is brought into contact with the acting or

page_text: cylindrical face of the grindstone. By sliding the holder to and fro along the
guides the grinding of the face of the screw nut is effected. Where a flat or plane
surface is to be ground the upper edges of the guides are flat or plane but where a
curved surface either concave or convex is to be ground the upper edges of the
guides are correspondingly curved so that as the holder carrying the article the
surface of which is to be ground is passing to and fro on the guides it rises and falls
and is inclined by the said curved inclines and causes the surface operated by the
grindstone to be ground to a curved figure the exact shape of which is determined
by the shape of the upper edges of the guides.
In order to preserve the holder in a position at right angles to the guides it may
be supported on a sliding carrier placed on the guides. This carrier clips the
guides and cannot take an oblique position. The holder drops into a recess in this
carrier by which its position at right angles to the guides is preserved.
In place of a grindstone an emery wheel or other grinding instrument may
be employed and in using the machinery for polishing it is only necessary to
substitute a bob or other polishing instrument for the grindstone the said bob
being used in conjunction with the polishing material suitable for use with the
metal or material to be polished.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Machinery for Grinding and Polishing Metals
and other Substances.
We JOSEPH HAMPTON of King's Hill Wednesbury in the County of Stafford,
Tool Manufacturer and SAMUEL PARTRIDGE of Croft House, Darlaston in the
County of Stafford, Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The said invention consists of machinery constructed as hereinafter described,
the said machinery being especially useful for grinding plane or curved surfaces of.
iron and steel and other hard metals or alloys. But the said machinery may also
be used for other like purposes such for example as polishing metals and alloys
and for grinding and polishing hard non-metallic substances such for example as
marble.
We will describe the said invention in connection with the grinding of small
articles of iron or steel such for example as hexagonal screw nuts.
An ordinary grindstone and water trough is provided with a framing capable
of being raised and lowered vertically. This framing consists essentially of two
uprights fixed respectively at opposite points near the periphery or grinding
surface of the stone. The tops of these uprights are somewhat higher than the
top of the grindstone. Upon these uprights are two slides capable of being raised
and lowered by screws. At the bottom of each screw is a worm wheel and with
these worm wheels worms on the ends of a horizontal rod passing from near one
upright to the other engage or gear. By a winch or band wheel on one end of this
rod, rotary motion can be given to it by which motion in one or other direction
Guides con-
the slides on the uprights can be simultaneously raised or lowered.
sisting of two flat bars are fixed respectively by screws or otherwise on each side
of the slides which are thus connected together. The said guides are in planes
parallel to the sides of the grindstone and at a distance apart preferably about
double the thickness of the grindstone. When the slides are raised or lowered as
herein before described the said guides are raised or lowered.
The screw nut to be ground is fixed in a clamp on the underside of a holder or
plate which plate is placed crosswise on the guides. Rotation is given to the
grindstone by band or other power and the guides are lowered to the position in
which the face of the nut to be ground is brought into contact with the acting or
cylindrical face of the grindstone. By sliding the holder to and fro along the guides
the grinding of the face of the screw nut is effected.
Where a flat or plane surface is to be ground the upper edges of the guides are
flat or plane but where a curved surface either concave or convex is to be ground
the upper edges of the guides are correspondingly curved so that as the holder
carrying the article the surface of which is to be ground is passing to and fro on
the guides it rises and falls and is inclined by the said curved inclines and causes
the surface operated upon by the grindstone to be ground to a curved figure the
exact shape of which is determined by the shape of the upper edges of the guides,

page_text: In order to preserve the holder in a position at right angles to the guides it may
be supported on a sliding carrier placed on the guides. This carrier clips the guides
and cannot take an oblique position. The holder drops into a recess in this carrier
by which its position at right angles to the guides is preserved.
In place of a grindstone an emery wheel or other grinding instrument may be
employed and in using the machinery for polishing it is only necessary to substitute
a bob or other polishing instrument for the grindstone the said bob or instrument
being used in conjunction with the polishing material suitable for use with the
metal or material to be polished.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents in side elevation; Figure 2
in end elevation and Figure 3 in plan of upper side machinery constructed
according to this invention for grinding screw nuts and other articles; Figures
4. 5. 6. 7 and 8 represent the clamp or holder and appliances for bolding the set of
nuts to be ground detached from the machinery, the said Figures 4. 5. 6. 7 and 8
being drawn to a larger scale than Figures 1. 2 and 3.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1 to 8.
a is the grindstone and b the water trough of the same the said grindstone being
carried by the shaft a working in the bearings c, c fixed on the water trough b.
The shaft a² of the grindstone is driven by a band working over the fixed pulley d.
Combined with the grindstone a is a framing for supporting and guiding the holder
in which the article to be ground is fixed, the said framing having a vertical
motion to and from the grindstone. The said framing consists of the two uprights
or slides e, e working in dovetail guides in the fixed uprights f, f on the trough b.
At the tops of the uprights or slides e, e are cross pieces g, g which support the
guides or longitudinal flat bars h, h the said bars or guides h, h being connected to
the clips i, i sliding upon and being capable of adjustment on the cross pieces g, g
of the framing. The clips i, i are fixed on the cross pieces g, g after the adjustinent
of the guides h, h by the set screws k, k. Upon the upper edges of the guides or
longitudinal flat bars h, h the clamp or holder 1, 7 carrying the screw nuts to be
operated upon is supported. By lowering and raising the slides or uprights e, e the
framing consisting of the cross pieces g, g and guides h, h is lowered towards and
raised from the grindstone a and the screw nuts can thus be brought under the
operation of the said grindstone or removed therefrom as hereinafter particularly
described.
The framing g, g; h, h is raised and lowered in the following manner. On each
of the uprights or dovetail slides e is a screw box e' with which a vertical screw m
engages, the bottom of the said screw being furnished with a worm wheel m³. The
screws m, m are only capable of a rotary motion. On the ends of the horizontal
rod or axis p are worms q, q which engage with the worm wheels m², m³ on the
bottoms of the screws m, m. By turning the worm axis p by means of the hand
wheel p³ rotary motion is given to the worms q, 9 and worm wheels m³, m³ and
the slides or uprights e, e are simultaneously raised or lowered and with them the
framing g, g and h, h and parts carried by it.
We will now describe the clamp or holder represented in side elevation in
Figure 4 and plan in Figure 5 and the parts detached in Figures 6. 7 and 8.
The said clamp or holder. consists of a rectangular frame 1, 2 having cross
handles at its ends for carrying it about and for moving it upon the guides h, h
of the machine. The screw nuts r to be ground are strung upon the rod
or mandril 8 the said nuts being clamped between the two clamping nuts &³, 82.
On one end of the rod or mandril 8 is a disc 8 notched on its periphery for the
spring locking lever 8 situated on the side of the clamp frame 1 to engage with.
At the disc end of the rod or mandril 8 is a handle 86 for turning it. The nuts
having been strung upon the rod or mandril they are laid on the angular gauge
represented in Figure 9 for adjusting or setting the several screw nuts at the same
angle They are then bound on the mandril. The mandril carrying the screw nuts,
is then introduced into the clamp frame la pin or stud s' at the disc end s' of the

page_text: mandril passing through a slott in the clamp frame 1. After the pin or stud 8' has
passed to the inner side of the clamp frame the mandril 8 is turned so as to
remove the said pin from opposite the slot t. The mandril s is thus secured in its
place in the clamp and by now engaging the locking lever 85 with one of the
notches in the disc 84 as represented in Figures 4 and 5, the rotation of the said
mandril is prevented. The clamp carrying the series of screw nuts is next placed
crosswise on the guides or bars h, h of the rising and falling frame of the machine
in the position represented in Figures 1 and 3 and the said frame is lowered so as
to bring the nuts in the clamp in contact with the grindstone a and by giving the
said clamp a longitudinal backward and forward motion upon the guides h, h the
undermost faces of the series of nuts are brought under the operation of the grind-
stone. By lifting the locking lever 85 and turning the mandril 8 by its handle 86
until the said lever drops into the next notch in the disc 8 the series of nuts is
turned through the required angle to bring another face of them undermost and
they are again operated upon by the grindstone. In this way the whole of the
faces of the nuts are in turn brought under the operation of the grindstone and
ground. The upper edges of the guides h, h of the rising and falling frame h, g
are flat when a flat or plane surface is to be ground as shown in Figures 1 and 2,
but in grinding curved surfaces either concave or convex, the edges of the
guides h, h are correspondingly curved as illustrated in front elevation in Figure 10
and end elevation in Figure 11.
In the said Figures 10 and 11 the upper acting edges are made convex so that
as the holder 2 carrying the bar or article u the surface of which is to be ground
is passing to and fro on the guides h, h the said holder rises and falls and is inclined
by the said curved edges of the guides and causes the surface operated upon by the
grindstone a to be ground to a curved figure the exact shape of which is determined
by the shape of the upper edge of the guides h, h.
In the Drawing we have represented the guides h, h with a convex edge on one
side and a concave edge on the other side so that by inverting the bars either edge
can be used according as a convex or concave surface is to be ground.
13
In Figures 11 and 12 we have represented the holder supported on a sliding
carrier placed on the guides h, h. The said carrier ³ clips the guides h, h (see
Figure 11) and cannot take an oblique position. The sides of the holder 2 bear
closely against the inner sides of the carrier so that the position of the said holder
at right angles to the guides h, h is preserved. The holder is fitted for gripping
flat bars or articles and is represented drawn to a large scale in plan of underside
in Figure 12 and plan of upper side in Figure 13. The said holder consists of the
two jaws, the jaw being made adjustable by the screw working in the
screw box . The jaw and also the screw box l' are made adjustable on the bars
of the holder l.
In order to ensure the parallelism of the bottom of the bar or article u to be
ground with the lower edges of the holder frame the bar or article u is placed
upon the flat table x represented in side elevation in Figure 14 and plan in
Figure 15 and the holder is supported on the ends of the said table before the
jaw is closed upon and made to grip the said article as seen in Figure 14.
In grinding angular surfaces the holder carrying the article may have a
swivelling axis or spindle at its middle in the direction of its longer sides and
the article to be operated upon is fixed in a clamp on the underside of the
swivelling axis or spindle. By turning the axis the clamp and the article are
inclined at any required angle and the article in that position may be operated
upon by the grindstone.
Figure 16 represents in side elevation and Figure 17 in plan a grinding machine
in which a series of emery wheels y, y, y is used in place of a grindstone. The
cutting surfaces of the emery wheels y, y, y are of different degrees of coarseness to
suit the character of the work to be effected.
When the machine is to be used for polishing, bobs are substituted for the
grindstone or emery wheels,

page_text: The rising and falling frame of the machine Figures 16 and 17 on which the
clamp or holder carrying the article to be operated upon is supported either
directly or by means of a carrier, is constructed and worked essentially in the
same way as the rising and falling frame of the machine first described and corre-
sponding parts are marked with the same letters of reference.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of "New or improved machinery for grinding and
polishing metals and other substances,"
First The combination with one or more grindstones, emery wheels, bobs or
other rotating grinding or polishing instruments of a rising and falling framing
constructed substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings for supporting the clamp or holder in which the article or
articles to be ground or polished is or are fixed, whether the said clamp or holder
rest directly on the guiding upper edges of the rising and falling framing or
on a carrier supported on the said guiding edges substantially as described and
illustrated.
Secondly The arrangement or combination of parts of the gearing hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings for simultaneously raising
or lowering the supporting framing of the machinery.
Thirdly The use with the machinery claimed in the first and second claims of
the clamp or holder hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 4. 5. 6. 7.
and 8 for holding screw nuts or tubular articles to be ground or polished.
Lastly The use with the machinery claimed in the first and second claims of
the clamps or holders herein before described and illustrated in Figures 12. 13
and 14 for holding the bars or articles to be ground or polished.
Dated this Seventh day of October 1886.