A New Manufacture of Material suitable for Building, Paving, and other purposes from Waste Pieces or Debris of Slate.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New Manufacture of Material suitable for Building, Paving, and
other purposes from Waste Pieces or Debris of Slate.
We, THE SOCIÉTÉ ANONYME DES ARDOISIÈRES de Deville, of Deville,
Ardennes, France, Manufacturers, and VICTOR VAN DER HEYDEN, of the same
place, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Hitherto the waste pieces or debris of slate have been considered useless and an
inconvenient encumbrance.
The present invention consists in transforming such waste pieces into agglomerated
masses applicable to a variety of purposes by mixing the same in a crushed or
pulverised condition with other materials under certain conditions as we will
proceed to describe.
To one hundred parts by weight of slate crushed or ground to a greater or less
degree of fineness are added seven parts of a mixture of equal parts of colophonium
and pitch. The whole is then heated to about 125° Centigrade.
One half or one quarter per cent. of olibanum may be substituted for an equivalent
quantity of colophonium, if it is desired to render the compound more or less heat
resisting.
The colophonium might also be replaced to the extent of one half by Venice
turpentine or other similar fatty bodies if it be desired to increase the pliability of
the compound.
In place of the above named agglomerating materials may be employed the
following:
To one hundred parts of pulverised slate are mixed eight parts of lime, four
parts of gelatine or a gelatinous body and one to two parts of albumen, according
to the degree of hardness desired. The mixture is first made in the cold and is
then heated to about 100° C.
In both the above compounds the proportions of the materials may be varied and
equivalents may be substituted.
The product obtained by either of the above processes, to which we have given
the name of "Ardoisine," can be employed for a number of purposes. When made
into bricks or blocks of large dimensions it may serve for the construction of
buildings. When made into the form of slabs it may serve for paving or coverings
for walls. By suitably moulding, it may be formed into pipes or other objects
requiring strength and impermeability.
When formed into comparatively thin sheets it may serve as artificial slates.
It may also be applied as a thin coating to wood, paper, sheet metal, or other
material, to which it adheres perfectly, thus forming a cheap waterproof roofing or
other covering.
By adding thereto a certain quantity of fine ballast or shingle a pavement of
sufficient roughness to prevent slipping is obtained, and the surface may be further
roughened by rolling it with grooved or ribbed rollers before it hardens, or by
otherwise forming grooves or indentations thereon.
By mixing with the said compound a certain quantity of ground pigments of any
desired colors a marble-like effect may be imparted thereto. The color of the
compound will also vary according to the nature of the slate debris used.
For binding together the separate bricks, slabs, &c. of the compound forming a
pavement or other surface, no foreign binding material is required.
It suffices to pass over the joints a sufficiently heated iron to make the parts
adhere firmly together.

page_text: The advantages derived from the use of the said compound may be enumerated
as follows:-
1. The utilisation of waste or debris of slate which at present have no commercial
value and constitute an inconvenient encumbrance.
2. When used in the form of bricks or building blocks, ardoisine constitutes a
very strong, hard, and waterproof material.
3. When used for pavement, ardoisine is less cold to the touch than stone.
4. Ardoisine, being perfectly waterproof, may be used with great advantage as
roofing material &c., and artificial slates made of this material are preferable to
common kinds of slate which are more or less porous.
5. On account of the facility with which the separate sheets slabs or blocks bind
together under heat to form a continuous surface, ardoisine may be employed with
advantage as linings for tanks and other receptacles required to be water tight.
.6. When mixed with shingle or ballast ardoisine forms an excellent pavement.
Dated this 17th day of March 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New Manufacture of Material suitable for Building, Paving, and
other purposes from Waste Pieces or Debris of Slate.
We, THE SOCIÉTÉ ANONYME DES ARDOISIÈRES DE DEVILLE, of Deville,
Ardennes, France, Manufacturers, and VICTOR VAN DER HEYDEN, of the same
place, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Hitherto the waste pieces or debris of slate have been considered useless and an
inconvenient encumbrance.
The present invention consists in transforming such waste pieces into agglomerated
masses applicable to a variety of purposes by mixing the same in a crushed or
pulverised condition with other materials under certain conditions as we will
proceed to describe.
To one hundred parts by weight of slate crushed or ground to a greater or less
degree of fineness are added seven parts of a mixture of equal parts of colophonium
and tar or pitch.
The whole is then heated to about 125° C.
One half or one quarter per cent. of olibanum may be substituted for an equivalent
quantity of colophonium, if it is desired to render the compound more or less heat
resisting.
The colophonium might also be replaced to the extent of one half by Venice
turpentine or other similar fatty bodies if it be desired to increase the pliability of
the compound.
In place of the above named agglomerating materials may be employed the
following:
To one hundred parts of pulverised slate are mixed eight parts of lime, four
parts of gelatine or a gelatinous body and one to two parts of albumen, according
to the degree of hardness desired. The mixture is first made in the cold and is then
heated to about 100° C.
In both the above compounds the proportions of the materials may be varied
and equivalents may be substituted.
There may also be mixed with the slate a greater or less proportion of crushed
granite, gravel or other suitable hard substance, according to the purposes to which
the compound is to be put.
The product obtained by either of the above processes, to which we have given
1

page_text: the name of "Ardoisine," can be employed for a number of purposes. When made
into bricks or blocks of large dimensions it may serve for the construction of
buildings When made into the form of slabs it may serve for paving or coverings
for walls. By suitably moulding, it may be formed into pipes or other objects
requiring strength and impermeability.
When formed into comparatively thin sheets it may serve as artificial slates.
It may also be applied as a thin coating to wood, paper, sheet metal, or other
material, to which it adheres perfectly, thus forming a cheap waterproof roofing or
other covering.
By adding thereto a certain quantity of fine ballast or shingle a pavement of
sufficient roughness to prevent slipping is obtained, and the surface may be further
roughened by rolling it with grooved or ribbed rollers before it hardens, or by
otherwise forming grooves or indentations thereon.
By mixing with the said compound a certain quantity of ground pigments of
any desired colors a marble-like effect may be imparted thereto. The color of the
compound will also vary according to the nature of the slate debris used.
For binding together the separate bricks, slabs, &c. of the compound forming a
pavement or other surface, no foreign binding material is required.
It suffices to pass over the joints a sufficiently heated iron to make the parts
adhere firmly together.
The advantages derived from the use of the said compound may be enumerated
as follows:-
1. The utilisation of waste or debris of slate which at present have no commercial
value and constitute an inconvenient encumbrance.
2. When used in the form of bricks or building blocks, ardoisine constitutes a
very strong, hard, and waterproof material..
3. When used for pavement, ardoisine is less cold to the touch than stone.
4. Ardoisine, being perfectly waterproof, may be used with great advantage as
roofing material &c., and artificial tiles or slates made of this material are preferable
to common kinds of slate which are more or less porous.
5. On account of the facility with which the separate sheets slabs or blocks bind
together under heat to form a continuous surface, ardoisine may be employed with
advantage as linings for tanks and other receptacles required to be water tight.
6. When mixed with shingle or ballast ardoisine forms an excellent pavement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A new manufacture of material suitable for building, paving and other
purposes consisting of crushed slate mixed with agglomerating or binding materials,
substantially as described.
2. A new manufacture of material suitable for building, paving and other
purposes, consisting of crushed slate bound together by an agglomerating material
consisting of colophonium, and tar or pitch, or of olibanum, colophouium and tar,
or of Venice turpentine or other fatty matter, colophonium and tar, substantially as
described.
3. A new manufacture. of material suitable for building, paving and other
purposes consisting of crushed slate bound together by a mixture of lime, gelatine
or gelatinous body, and albumen, substantially as described.
4. The use of the compounds referred to in the preceding claims for the
manufacture of bricks, blocks, slabs, pipes, by pressing the same in suitable moulds,
substantially as described.
5. The use of the compounds referred to in the preceding claims for the
manufacture of artificial tiles, slates, or other forms of coverings for roofs and
walls, substantially as described.
6. The use of the compounds referred to in the preceding claims as a thin

page_text: coating or covering combined with boards, paper, canvas or other similar materials,
to serve as impervious coverings, substantially as described.
7. The application of the compounds referred to in the preceding claims as
paving blocks or slabs by mixing therewith fine gravel or other suitable hard
granular material that will resist wear and will impart sufficient roughness to the
surface to prevent slipping, the surface being if necessary grooved or recessed for
increasing the foothold, substantially as described.
8. Imparting any desired color to the compounds referred to in the preceding
claims, by mixing therewith ground pigments or colors, whereby a marble-like
appearance may be imparted thereto, substantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of December 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.