Improvements in Knitting Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 23rd June, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Knitting Machines.
I, EMIL JOHN FRANCK, a citizen of the United States, residing at No. 3809
Reno Street, West Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia, and State of
Pennsylvania, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My present improvements are applicable in whole or in part to various types of
knitting machines, but they are also applicable to and especially_adapted for a
knitting machine such as described and claimed in the British Letters Patent
No. 16,690, dated September 5th, 1893.
The principal objects of my invention are first, to improve the construction and
mode of operation of the sinker bars, needle cams and their accessories in such
manner that the inclination of the needle cams may be more gradual than was
heretofore possible; second, to provide simple, durable and efficient means whereby
the number of needles employed upon the needle cylinder may be increased
without interfering with the efficient operation of the fashioning needle con-
trolling cams; third, to provide inexpensive and compact devices for automatically
operating a suitable thread controlling device in order to effect the introduction of
an extra thread at the required portion or portions of the knitted web; fourth,
to provide efficient means for locking and unlocking the mechanism and power
appliances that automatically control the movements of the needle-cylinder,
fashioning needle controlling cams and thread controlling device, in such manner
that the attendant in charge is prevented from accidentally or otherwise moving
the parts of said mechanism or power appliance out of proper relation in respect
to each other; fifth, to provide means for supporting the weight of the moving
parts of the machine when the latter is stopped, in order to prevent or avoid
retrograde movement thereof; sixth, to provide efficient and comparatively
inexpensive means for imparting a reciprocating motion from the counter-shaft to
the pawls that operate the fashioning needle controlling cam carriages; seventh,
to ensure the opening of the latches of the needles prior to the introduction of the
thread into the hooks of the needles; eighth, to improve and simplify the means
that serve to couple up the operating handle and reciprocating drum; and ninth,
to improve, simplify and perfect certain details of construction for purposes or
objects hereinafter set forth.
My invention consists of the improvements and features of construction herein-
after described and pointed out in the claims.
The nature, scope and objects of my invention will be more fully understood from
the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings
forming part hereof; and in which
Figure 1, is a rear elevation of a knitting machine embodying features of my
invention.
Fig. 2, is a detached view of certain of the parts shown in Fig. 1, which serve to
prevent retrograde movement of the machine.
Fig. 3, is a like view of the parts that serve to transmit motion from the
counter-shaft to the pawls that drive the fashioning needle controlling cam
carriages.
Fig. 34, is a top or plan view of one of the segmental plates shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 4, is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4, of Figs. 15 and 16, and drawn
to an enlarged scale in order to illustrate one portion of the needle cylinder and
its accessories.
1:

page_text: Fig. 5, is a detail view of the device illustrated in Fig. 4 and carried by the
sinker-cain and adapted to open the latches of the needles.
Fig. 6, is a detail view of one of the sinker-bars shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 7, is a sectional view taken on the line 7--7, of Figs. 15 and 16, and drawn
to an enlarged scale in order to illustrate another portion of the needle cylinder and
its accessories.
Fig. 8, is a detached elevational view of one of the parts that depends from the
thread carrier and is shown in section in Fig. 7.
Figs. 9 and 10, are respectively elevational and plan views drawn to a reduced
scale and illustrating the sectional ring that is shown in Figs. 4 and 7 and that
serves to confine the needles to their respective grooves.
Fig. 11, is an elevational view of one of the long bitted heel needles, showing the
same provided with an off-set for engaging a retaining spring.
Fig. 12, is a similar view of one of the fashioning needles.
Fig. 13, is a view of one of the short bitted needles that are disposed intermediate
of the two sets of fashioning needles and that are provided with off-sets for
engaging a retaining spring.
Fig. 14, is a perspective view illustrating the details of a ring provided with one
member of a clamping device and adapted to be wedged in place within the needle
cylinder as shown in Figs. 4 and 7.
Fig. 15, is a top or plan view showing the sinker-head and certain of its
accessories.
Fig. 16, is a top or plan view illustrating the bed plate and the fashioning needle
controlling cans and their accessories.
Fig. 17, is a top or plan view of the machine with the needle cylinder removed
and illustrating a ring carried by the thread-guide and adapted to keep the latches
down.
Fig. 18, is a transverse sectional view drawn to an enlarged scale and showing
the operative portions of the needle cam.
Fig. 19, is a view of the exterior of a portion of the cam cylinder, illustrating a
spring for controlling the position of the switch cams shown in Fig. 18.
Fig. 20, is a detached side view of certain of the power appliances and their
accessories which are illustrated at the left hand side of Fig. 1.
Fig. 21, is a top or plan view of the devices illustrated in Fig. 20.
Fig. 22, is an elevational view of the upper portion of the right hand end of the
machine shown in Fig. 1, and illustrating certain of the locking devices.
Figs. 23 and 24, are respectively plan and elevational views of the fashioning
needle controlling cams and their complemental carriages, shown in Fig. 16.
Figs. 25 and 26, are respectively sections taken on the lines 25-25 and 26-26
of Fig. 23.
Fig. 27, is a view similar to Fig. 22, with some of the parts illustrated in Fig. 22
removed.
Fig. 28, is an elevational view of the upper portion of the front of the machine,
illustrating certain of the locking devices.
Fig. 29, is a detached view of certain of the parts shown, but not clearly illustrated
in Fig. 28.
Fig. 30, is a perspective view showing means whereby the S-shaped lever shown
in Figs. 22, 28 and 29, is shifted, locked and subsequently released.
Fig. 31, is a detached view of the eccentric for actuating the rock shaft shown in
Fig. 28.
Fig. 32, is a sectional view of a needle cylinder adapted for the reception of a
series of needles that are operated by jacks.
Fig. 33, is a detached side elevational view of a jack aud its complemental
needles.
Fig. 34, is a front view of a portion of the needle cylinder shown in Fig. 32.
Fig. 35, is a side view of one of the jacks that is adapted to operate the fashioning
needles.

page_text: Fig. 36, is a similar view of one of the jacks that is adapted to operate the needles
disposed intermediate of the sets of fashioning needles.
Fig. 37, is a view of one of the jacks, that appertains to the instep needles.
Fig. 38, is an elevational view illustrating a set of two needles detached from
their complemental jack.
Fig. 39, is a sectional view illustrating a modified form of cam carriage provided
with a detachable and adjustable rack; and
Fig. 40, is a top or plan view of a portion of the cam carriage illustrated in
Fig. 39.
In the drawings a, is the main framework of the machine mounted upon a
pedestal a', which supports it at a suitable distance above the floor. On this fixed
frame-work a, is secured the bed-plate a², of the knitting machine. In the present
instance the bed-plate a², is flat and is provided with a centrally disposed circular
opening a, through which the work passes. a' and a*, are flanges projecting.
upward from the outer and inner peripheries or marginal portions of the bed plate a³.
These rims at and a', together with the bed plate a', constitute ways a, for a
purpose to be presently described. The outer rim a', together with the flange a',
and ring, a, constitute a seat or bearing for a bevel gear b, that forms part of and
carries the cam cylinder b'. This ring as, is bolted to suitable bosses a³, upon the
flange a', and consequently may be readily removed, whenever it becomes necessary
or desirable to remove the cam-cylinder b¹.
The cam cylinder comprises a needle rest ³, two side cams 3 and 4, a lower
lifting cam b, pivotal switch cams 6 and 6', and a shifting cam 68, having bevelled
When the cam
projecting extremities and 610, as illustrated in Fig. 18.
cylinder 61, is moving from left to right as illustrated in Fig. 18, the bits of the
needles travel off the needle rest, rise upon the switch cam 67, and pass thence
over the side cam b', so as to strike the depending portion of the sliding cam 68, thus
moving the same towards the left into contact with the side cam b³, so that the bits
of the needles are directed beneath said side cam 3, and the switch cam 6*, is lifted
When the
by the bits of the needles in order to permit the same to pass under it.
cam cylinder moves from right to left the operation of the respective cams is simply
reversed. From the above description it appears that it is important to cause the
switch cams 6 and 7, to normally contact with the needle rest ', as shown
in Fig. 18. This result is accomplished by extending the shanks 6, that carry the
switch-cams and, through the cam cylinder 6', and providing the outer
extremities of said shanks with springs &¹, as illustrated in Figs. 17 and 19, that
tend by their resiliency to maintain the switch cams 6 and 7 in the required
position and are nevertheless adapted to yield and thus permit of the elevation of
the switch cams 66 and 7, by the needle bits.
The needle cylinder c, fits snugly in the central opening of the cam cylinder.
c', Fig. 14, is a split ring provided with a downwardly projecting leg c³, and adapted
to be clamped to place in the needle cylinder e, by means of a wedge or plug
adapted to recesses c³, as illustrated in Fig. 14, in the adjacent ends of the ring c.
This downwardly projecting leg c, is adapted to a recess a", in the bed-plate a³, of
the machine, and is supported upon a set screw a¹¹, engaging a cross bar a", at the
lower portion of the recess. a13, is a clamping yoke connected with the frame-
work a, by means of the pointed extremity of a set-screw a¹, that works in a
suitable seat in the bed-plate. a, is a hand-lever connected with the head of the
set-screw a, and adapted to afford means whereby the same may be rotated in
order to effect the required movements of the yoke for clamping and unclamping
the leg, and thus securing or releasing the needle cylinder c.
Three different varieties of needles d, d' and d, as illustrated in Figs. 11, 12
and 13, are employed. The instep needles d, Fig. 11, that is, the needles which
are to remain out of action during the operation of widening, narrowing or
otherwise fashioning the web, are provided with long bits d', adapted for engagement
with the knitting cams, and with projections ', adapted to be engaged by_a
retaining spring c', which is fitted into a circumferential notch in the needle

page_text: cylinder. The fashioning needles d', as illustrated in Fig. 12, are provided with
long straight shanks, as at d³, with which engage fashioning needle controlling
cams, to be hereinafter more fully described. The needle grooves which appertain
to the fashioning needles are inclined inward at the lower portion of the needle
cylinder c, as shown in Fig. 7, in order to permit the fashioning needles to be
shifted radially inwards at their lower extremities so as to carry their bits inward
out of range of the knitting cams on the cam ring b. The heel needles d',
as illustrated in Fig. 13, which are disposed intermediate of the two sets of
fashioning needles d', are similar to the instep needles, with the exception that their
bits do, are somewhat shorter than the bits of the instep needles.
The object of making the bits of the instep needles long and those of the heel
and fashioning needles short, is to permit of the ready elevation of the instep
needles in order to carry their bits out of range of the knitting cams, and thus
throw the instep needles out of action, so as to permit of the widening and narrowing
of the web by means of the fashioning and heel needles. This elevation of the
instep needles d, is effected by means of a switch plate e, which is attached to one
extremity of a shaft e¹, mounted in a bearing e, carried by the gear wheel b. The
switch plate e, is capable of assuming two positions, one for lifting the instep needle
bits out of range of the knitting cams and into inoperative position, and the other
for drawing the instep needle bits into range of the knitting cam. This switch
plate e, is retained in respect to accidental displacement in either of these positions
by means of a spring e, which acts upon a screw e¹7 or other projection on the
shaft e', as illustrated in Figs. 17 and 22. The outer extremity of the shaft e', is
provided with an arm e, having a pin or roller e, which is acted upon by devices
hereinafter fully described. and f¹, are flat carriages afforded a range of
movement in the ways a, of the bed-plate a³, and provided respectively with a
groove, having two seats f* and *, as illustrated in Figs. 25 and 26, formed
therein. The seat or ledge f³, engages the lower portions of the fashioning
needles, as illustrated in Fig. 25, when the same are out of action and supports the
needles themselves in such manner that when they are again thrown into action
the bits are above the needle rest and in position for properly re-engaging the
knitting cams. By these means such jamming of the needle bits into the knitting
cams, as would occur if the fashioning needles were not supported by the seat or
ledge f, is avoided. The seat, which forms the bottom of the groove ƒ³,
underlies the lower extremities of the fashioning needles, Fig. 26, when the latter
are in action and adds considerably to the strength of the carriages. , are plates
applied to the portions of the respective carriages f and f', that lie outside of the
grooves, are plates applied to the portions of the respective carriages f
and f, that lie inside of the grooves f³. f, are openings formed intermediate of
the plates of each carriage. These openings are of different radii and are connected
by an inclined portion, as at 8. The portion of the openings farthest from the
center of the needle cylinder c, is in alignment with the seat f, of the groove f",
Fig. 26, and serves to maintain the lower extremities of the fashioning needles d',
in such position that the bits thereof engage the knitting cams. The portion of
the openings f nearest the center of the needle cylinder is in alignment with the
ledge or seat f³, of the groove f2, Fig. 25, and serves to maintain the lower
extremities of the fashioning needles in such position that the bits thereof are held
out of range of the knitting cams. The inclined portions f8, of the grooves serve
to transfer the fashioning needles from one of the curved portions of the grooves ƒ³,
to the other, and consequently serve to throw the fashioning needles into and out
of action. From the foregoing description it will be seen that the lower portions
of the fashioning needles are guided at all times by the plates f³ and fo, and
consequently are not susceptible of accidental displacement, and that the bits of
the fashioning needles are moved radially, that is, edgewise onto the ledge or
seat f, which extends throughout the length of the carriage in contradistinction to
being slid sidewise upon a ledge that is not co-extensive with the carriage. It
may be remarked that the extremities of the plates fand f, project towards each

page_text: other beyond their complemental carriages and that one of these extremities is
offset and lies in a lower horizontal plane than the other, as shown in Fig. 24, so
that the extremities of these plates are adapted to overlap each other, as shown in
Fig. 23, in order to permit the carriages ƒ and ƒ, to collide with each other at one
end of their travel. It being understood that the range of movement of the
carriages in a reverse direction is limited by means of buffers a", projecting upward
from the bed-plate a³, of the machine. The peculiar form of the inclined
portion of the openings f', necessarily limits the number of the needles
employed, because if the needles are very numerous and are spaced near together,
the lower extremities of two or more needles would tend to enter the inclined
portion, and would consequently become jammed and otherwise interfere with
the proper operation of the machine. These disadvantageous features may be avoided,
and a needle cylinder having a great number of needles may be advantageously:
constructed according to my invention in the following manner.
Referring more particularly to Figs. 32 to 37, all the needles d', are of the same
length and are provided with projections d³, for engaging the retaining spring ct,
except the fashioning needles, as illustrated in Fig. 32, in which the projections
are omitted. d, Fig. 35, are jacks adapted to operate two or more fashioning
needles and provided with long shanks do, for engaging the fashioning needle
controlling cams. d", Fig. 36, are jacks for operating two or more heel needles,
and provided with short bits d¹, adapted to engage the knitting cams and to pass
out of range of the switch plate e. d, Fig. 37, are jacks adapted to operate two
or more instep needles and provided with long bits d, for engaging the knitting
cams and switch plate e. The needles and jacks are coupled together by bending.
the lower portion of one of the shanks of one of the needles at right angles to
itself, as shown at 1, in Fig. 38, and bending the shank of the other needle in a
similar manner and also upwards as shown at d¹, in said figure, so that the shanks
of the needles may be fitted together and locked in such position by means of a
slot d, in the jack, as shown in Figs. 33 and 34. In the present instance the
needle grooves do not extend from the top to the bottom of the needle cylinder, but
the top of the needle cylinder is provided with a series of grooves, for the
reception of the needles, and the bottom of the needle cylinder is provided with a
less number of grooves c, for the reception of the jacks, and the portion of the
needle cylinder intermediate of the grooves is cut away as at c', Fig. 34, in order to
accommodate the couplings between the needles and their complemental jacks. The
cam carriages and f¹, are provided with peripheral racks f, by means of which
they are driven in a manner to be presently described. Of course the number of
teeth upon the racks f, depends upon the number of fashioning needles or
fashioning needle jacks that are employed. In order to accommodate the machine
to needle cylinders having different numbers of fashioning needles or fashioning
needle jacks, the racks may be made separate from the carriages and designed to
co-operate with different needle cylinders. Referring to Figs. 39 and 40, the
carriages are provided with set-screws f10, and the shanks of the racks f", are
provided with slots f", so that the racks may be detachably connected to the
carriages and may be properly adjusted in respect thereto.
The ribs between the grooves of the needle cylinder are notched, as illustrated
in Figs. 7 and 32, to form a seat for the reception of a ring c³, Figs. 9 and 10,
which serves to hold the needles in their complemental grooves. In Fig. 32, the
ring e³, is seated at its upper portion in notches in the ribs of the needle cylinder
and is provided upon its inner face with a cavity for accommodating the couplings
of the needles and jacks and extends downward and then inward into position for
guiding the jacks. Referring to Figs. 9 and 10, this ring comprises three parts.
Two of these parts and clo, are hinged to the respective extremities of the third
part el, and the two hinged parts are adapted to be detachably connected to each
other by means of a spring clasp c", and its complemental pin c, so that the
part el, may be readily opened to permit of the removal from the cylinder of any
one of the needles or jacks and needles into line with which the part clo, has been

page_text: :
shifted, and so that the ring itself may be readily removed, whenever it becomes
necessary or desirable so to do. By these means any of the needles of the cylinder
may be readily removed and new needles inserted in their places. It may be
remarked that the ring shown in Fig. 32, is composed of hinged sections similar to
those illustrated in Fig. 10. There is a sinker-head g, Fig. 1, at the top of the
needle cylinder, and it will be understood that this is to be taken off preparatory
to removing or replacing a needle. This sinker-head comprises an annular bed g¹,
clamped to place upon the wide portions, Fig. 7, of the webs between the grooves
of the needle cylinder c, by means of set-screws g³, and provided upon its upper
face with radial grooves g, Fig. 15, for the reception of sliding sinker-bars g*, of
which there is preferably one for each needle. The circular bed g', may be adjusted
to place upon the needle cylinder e by means of the ring c, which for the purposes
serves as a gauge, whereupon the circular bed g', is clamped in position in the
manner above described. 98, is a sinker-cam revolubly mounted upon a washer 9,
carried by the webs or ribs between the sinker-bars 9, and held against accidental
displacement in an upward direction by means of a ring g', engaging the under
face of the sinker-bed and detachably connected with the sinker cam by means of
-screws g. It may be here remarked that the washer 9°, affords a bearing for the
sinker-cam and thus prevents undue wear upon the webs of the sinker grooves as
well as upon the sinkers themselves. Each of the sinker-bars is provided with an
inclined working edge 9 and its complemental stop glo, as illustrated in Fig. 6. In
use the needles draw the thread down over or from the stitches upon the inclined
edges g³, and the sinker-bars g, are projected radially towards the center of the
*needle cylinder, and the thread rides up on the inclined edges 9', so that the stitches
are opened by the sinker bars as well as by the depression of the needles.
Inasmuch as the stitch is partially formed by the sinker bars, it follows that the
needles need not be depressed to the same extent as is necessary in forming stitches
solely by the depression of the needles. Consequently the inclination of the
-groove between the knitting cams 6, 6 and 1, Fig. 18, is considerably less than
heretofore. The groove in the sinker-cam 9, is provided with an operative
portion g, Fig. 15, that engages the bits 91, Fig. 6, of the sinker bars g, and
thus draws them outward and then forces them inward to assist in the formation of
the stitch. The sinker-cam g, is also provided with an ear 913, as illustrated in
Figs. 4, 5 and 15, that engages the latches of the needles and opens the same.
"The required rotary motion is imparted to the sinker-cam 9, through the
intervention of arms g1, Fig. 15, that are provided with rubber or other yielding.
buffers g, disposed in range of the shank of the yarn carrier h. This yarn
-carrier, Fig. 7, comprises a post h¹, secured to the bevel gear wheel b, and an
arm h², pivotally carried by said post /', and provided with an adjusting screw.³,
that collides with the post h¹, and thus affords means for adjusting the position of the
pivotal arm; it being understood that there is a spring bearing against the lower
end of the part, and that the post 1, is slotted opposite the pivot h³, of the part 2,
- as illustrated in the drawings. h, are thread eyes through which the yarn passes.
h³, in Fig. 8, is a shield adjustably connected with the pivotal arm by means of a
set screw working in a slot h, as illustrated in Fig. 7, and provided with bevelled
extremities h and h7, for opening the latches of the needles. 8, is a ring formed
integral with or secured to the guard or shield ³, and adapted to prevent the
latches from being accidentally closed when the needles are elevated by the knitting
cams. 9, are pins or studs projecting upwards in order to form bearings for
movably supporting a transfer frame, which may be of any preferred type. It
being understood that the pivotal arm 2, is turned into open position in order to
: accommodate the transfer frame. a, is a standard projecting upwards from the
frame-work a, of the machine and adapted to support a thread controlling device,
which operates to effect the introduction of an extra thread from the bobbin i
The thread controlling device illustrated in Fig. 1, comprises first a bracket i,
adjustably connected with the standard a", by means of a split ring and its
complemental set-screw; second, a clamping arm, for pressing the extra thread

page_text: against the bracket, in order to cause the same to be broken at a point near the
needles; third, an arm, adapted to be lifted upward in order to slacken or feed
the extra thread after it has been released by the elevation of the clamping arm;'.
fourth, a take-up spring , and its complemental automatic detent, which.
co-operate to regulate the feed of the main thread 7, and to take up any slack in.
the same which may occur by reason of the overthrow of the yarn carrier when.
the latter is reciprocated to and fro.
The driving mechanism whereby the required movements of the cam cylinder b',.
and its accessories, are attained, will now be described.
The bevel gear b, of the cam cylinder 61, meshes with a driving gear ;, for the
accommodation of which the bed plate a², is suitably cut away as at a, in Figs. 4
and 16. This driving gear j, is keyed or otherwise secured to the inner extremity
of a shaft j', revolubly supported in a bearing a", in the main-frame and in a
sleeve, turning in a bearing a, in said frame, as illustrated in Figs. 20 and 21,.
and the outer extremity of said shaft is provided with a crank, by means of
which the machine may be operated by hand, for example, when a so called top is.
being run onto the needles by means of a transfer frame. k, is a driving pulley
revolubly mounted upon the shaft j', and provided upon its inner face, Fig. 20, with
recesses k', in which are mounted pins k³, provided with collars k, and also-
springs, for causing said collars to normally engage washers A, encircling the
pins and fitted snugly into the recesses k¹. The projecting extremities of these
pins are adapted for engagement with a bar 1, on an eccentric , keyed or
otherwise secured to the shaft. The opposite face of the pulley k, is provided
with a hub 4, having a groove k', for the reception of a shifter fork m, carried by
a shifter lever m², as hereinafter more fully described. The hub k, is provided.
with a bar, which is adapted for engagement with lugs or pins n, projecting from.
the face of a sprocket wheel n¹, mounted upon the sleeve 3, in such manner that
it is free to turn thereon. These pins n, may be provided with suitable springs.
and secured to the sprocket wheel n', in the same manner that the pins k³, are
secured to the pulley k, but the pins ³, may be rigidly secured to the pulley k..
However, excellent results have been obtained by the employment of pins that are
projected forward by springs, because the springs by yielding prevent accidental.
breakage of the pins.
n², is a counter-shaft revolubly mounted in bearings in the pedestal a¹, and
provided with a tight sprocket-wheel n, which is driven from the wheel n¹, by
means of a sprocket chain n'. This shaft is also provided with a crank n', the pin.
of. which is provided with a ball no, that is adapted to a socket or bearing at the lower
extremity of a rod n'. The upper portion of this rod n', is provided with clamps
for holding the respective extremities of straps or bands n³, that are wound in-
opposite directions around and secured to a drum n³, free to turn on the sleeve ..
During the upward movement of the rod n', one of the straps n', acting upon the
under portion of the drum n³, causes the same to be rotated in one direction..
During the downward movement of the rod n', the other two of the straps n³, acting
over the top of the drum n³, causes the same to be rotated in a reverse direction.
The continued reciprocation of the rod n', causes the drum n, to be rotated first in.
in one direction and then in a reverse direction, or in other words, to be reciprocated.
The weight of the crank n³, rod n' and parts connected there with tends to cause-
the machine to be run in a reverse direction. n¹º, is a detent pivotally connected
with the pedestal a¹, and adapted to mesh with a tooth n", projecting from the
counter-shaft n², Fig. 2, in such manner that undue retrograde movement of the
shaft n³, is prevented and the same is constrained to come to rest in proper position.
for permitting of the subsequent operation of the machine.
0
m³, Fig. 20, is a shifter fork carried by the shifter lever m', and adapted to
engage the respective faces of the drum n³, in order to shift the same endwise on.
the sleeve.
The outer face of the drum n', is provided with an aperture n¹, for the reception,
of a pin n, Fig. 20, afforded a range of motion transversely of the handle, in.

page_text: which it is located, and normally impelled towards the drum n³, by means of a
spring. n, is a bevelled cam block applied to the drum n', and located adjacent
to the opening, in order to cause the pin n", to ride up on the cam block n",
whereby the spring 1, is subjected to pressure and thus when released causes the
pin n, to be projected into the opening ", with a quick and positive motion.
The spring, also yields, and thus permits the drum n, to be shifted with a
positive motion and without jamming or otherwise injuring the pin n".
The mode of operation of the hereinbefore described driving mechanism is as
follows:-
When the machine is fabricating a tubular web, the cam cylinder b', and
consequently the yarn carrier h, and sinker-cam 9, are rotated. This result is
accomplished by shifting the free extremity of the shifter lever m', towards the
right in Fig. 21, whereby the pulley k, is shifted in such manner that the pins k¹,
engage the bar 1, thus causing the rotary motion of the pulley k, to be imparted to
the eccentric, and consequently to the shaft j', and bevel gear wheel j. When
the machine is knitting a flat web, the cam cylinder b', and consequently the yarn
carrier h, and sinker cam 9', are reciprocated. This result is accomplished by
shifting the free extremity of the shifter lever m', towards the left in Fig. 21,
whereby the hub k, of the pulley k, is shifted into position for permitting the bar k",
to engage the pins n. This motion of the shifting lever m, acting through the
intervention of the shifting fork m², also causes the drum n³, to be shifted into
position for causing the pin n, in the handle 1, to engage with the recess n".
Under these circumstances the rotary movement of the pulley k, is transmitted to
the sprocket wheel n', and thence to the counter-shaft n', and crank no, thereby
effecting the reciprocation of the rod n'. The reciprocating movement of the rod n',
is imparted to the drum n', handle 1, shaft j, and consequently to the bevel gear
wheelj. When the shifter-lever m, occupies a position intermediate of its extreme
range of travel, as illustrated in Fig. 21, the pulley k, runs loose on the shaft j¹.
Consequently, the machine comes to rest and the cam-cylinder b', and its accessories
may be operated manually by means of the handle *.
The mechanism whereby the various changes in the operation of the driving gear
and of the machine are produced, will now be described.
The racks of the carriages fand, are acted upon by pawls o and o', carried
by reciprocating bars o³, hung to the opposite ends of a lever o³, by means of ball
bearings. This lever o, is mounted upon a stud a", secured to the framework a,
and is oscillated by the upper extremity of a link o, centrally pivoted to the
pedestal al, as illustrated in Fig. 1. The lower extremity of this link o', is provided
with a friction roller os, and is vibrated by means of cam shaped tappets o, on the
counter-shaft n. These cam shaped tappets, Figs. 3 and 34, are formed integral
with segmentel plates that are adjustably connected by means of set screws o', and
their complemental slots, with a sleeve n", keyed or otherwise fastened to the
shaft n', so that the segmental plates may be adjusted in the direction of the length
of the shaft n', in order to increase or diminish the throw of the link o*, and
consequently of the pawls o and o', whereby the machine may be accommodated
to the carriages fand f1, having racks provided with different numbers or sizes of
teeth. 8, as illustrated in Figs. 16 and 21, are adjusting screws inserted through
suitable apertures in the lever o³, in such manner that their points are adapted to
contact with back-stops a", on the main-frame a, in order to limit the range of
motion of the lever o³, thus taking up any spring or backlash in the link o*, and its
accessories, and consequently ensuring accuracy in the operation of the pawls o
and o. The pawls of each bar comprise plates provided with a single tooth and
secured to place in recesses in the upper and lower faces of the bars o³, as illustrated
in Figs. 16 and 28, so that by elevating the outer or free extremity of either of the
bars o, one of its pawls is caused to mesh with the teeth of the corresponding rack
while by lowering the outer or free end of either bar the other pawl of the same is
caused to engage with the teeth of the corresponding rack, and as one of the pawls
of each bar is right handed and the other left handed, it follows that the elevation

page_text: or depression of the bars o³, will effect a reversal of the direction of motion of the
carriages and f¹, and consequently will cause the fashioning needles to be
thrown into or out of action. It may be remarked that retrograde movement
of the carriages f and f¹, is prevented by means of dish-shaped washers f¹³,
as illustrated in Fig. 7, that engage the underside of the bed plate a². These
washers are mounted upon spindles f¹, screwed or otherwise secured to the
carriages fand f', and working in curved slots a", in the bed plate a². fl and f16, are
thumb-nuts screwed onto the threaded extremities of the spindles f", and adapted
to afford means for increasing or diminishing the tension or resiliency of the
washers 3 The eccentric 7, on the shaft j¹, is provided with a strap,
which is connected by a rod 1, Fig. 31, to a crank arm p, on a rock-shaft p',
mounted in suitable bearings in the main-frame. This rock-shaft p¹, is provided
with an arm p², Figs. 27 and 28, which carries two pawls. These pawls are guided
by means of a stud a", projecting from the main-frame and are held up to their
work by means of a spring 73, connected with the frame work. The pawl p,
engages continuously with a pattern chain feed wheel p, provided with a pattern
chain drum p', and revolubly mounted upon a stud a, and held against retrograde
movement by means of a dish shaped spring washer p³. p, is a pattern-chain
carried by the pattern chain drum p', and provided with sidewise projecting
lugs po and p", adapted to contact with a pin p, projecting from the inner face of
a toothed cam carrying wheel pl, revolubly mounted upon the stud a". This cam
carrying wheel p¹³, is driven by the pawl pl, which however is adapted to work in a
peripheral recess pls, in order to permit the cam-wheel, to remain at rest. It
being understood that the pattern-chain, serves to slightly rotate the cam-
wheel p¹³, in order to permit the same to be positively driven by the pawl p¹. By
these means an intermittent motion is imparted to the cam-wheel pl³. The outer
face of the cam-wheel p", is provided with three cams p1, p17 and p18 and
po, are bars centrally pivoted to the frame-work of the machine, and having their
outer extremities in engagement with carriers 0%, movably connected with the
frame-work by means of pins o⁰ and slots o¹¹. These carriers are provided
with notches o, for the reception of the free extremities of the pawl bars o², and
with springs os, Fig. 28, engaging the latter and serving to keep the pawls o and o'
up to their work. The inner extremities of the bars and 20, are provided
with curved checks p³, that are acted upon one after another by the wedge-shaped
extremity of the cam p"; in order to lift the inner ends of the bars p1 and p20,
and consequently to depress the pawl bars o², whereby the upper pawls o' thereof,
are brought into engagement with the racks of the corresponding carriages and
thus cause the fashioning needles to be thrown into action. The inner extremity
of the bar, is also provided with a finger, extending into range of the top of
the bar po, and with a lip p, adapted to pass over the camp, and provided
with an outwardly projecting pin p". The cam 16, passes over the lip 23, and
is provided upon its inner face with an inclined groove Fig. 29 and in dotted line
in Fig. 27, adapted to engage the pin p, Fig. 27, and thus draw down the inner
ends of the bars and pro. This downward motion of the inner extremities of the
bars pando, effects the lifting of the pawl bars 02, thus bringing the lower pawls o,
thereof into action and consequently causing the fashioning needles to be thrown
out of action. 2, Fig. 29, is a washer secured to the shaft a", and interposed
between the hubs of the pattern chain drum p', and the cam wheel p¹³, in order to
prevent the movements of the former from being imparted by frictional contact to
the latter. The outer extremity of the shaft p₁, is provided with a double tappet,
whereof one arm p2, serves to effect the movement of the pulley k, into position
for rotating the cam cylinder b', and its accessories through the instrumentality of
the pins and bar 1, Figs. 20 and 21, and whereof the other arm p², serves first
to shift the pulley k, into the position shown in Figs. 20 and 21, so that it may
run loose on the shaft j', thus permitting the machine to come to rest; and second,
to shift the pulley k, into position for oscillating the cam-cylinder 6¹ and its
B

page_text: 2°
accessories through the intervention of the drum n°, pin n¹³, and handle ..
m³, Figs. 20 and 21, is a link having one of its extremities pivotally connected with
the shipper-rod m', and having the other of its extremities similarly connected with
one arm of a bell crank lever mt, mounted upon a stud a", and held against
accidental movement by means of a spiral spring m³, and its complemental jam-
nuts m. q, is a bar connected at one extremity thereof with the other arm of the
bell crank lever m², by means of a ball-and-socket joint q'. The free extremity of
this arm q, is bifurcated and the upper arm 9', of this bifurcation co-operates with
the tappet-arm p, to effect the shifting of the pulley k, into position for rotating
the cam cylinder 6'. The lower arm 9, of this bifurcation, is provided with two
teeth whereof one 9', co-operates with the tappet-arm p", to effect the adjustment
of the pulley k, into position for effecting the oscillation of the cam-cylinder, and
whereof the other q', co-operates with the same tappet-arm to effect the shifting of
the pulley k, into idle position for permitting the machine to come to rest. The
bar q, is connected with the rod r, by means of a slot r, and pin ², so that the
bar 9, is afforded freedom of motion in the direction of its length, but may be
shifted in a vertical plane by the elevation or depression of the rod r, in order to
bring either the arm q³, tooth 9 or tooth 9%, as may be required, into range of the
corresponding tappet-arm. This rod r, is provided with complemental cams,
for contacting with the roller e, and turning the same into position for causing the
switch plate e, to throw the instep needles into or out of action according as the
rod r, is elevated or depressed. The upper extremity of the rod r, is connected
with the thread clamping arm, and serves to actuate the same. 4, Figs. 22, 28, 29
and 30, is an S-shaped lever pivotally connected with the main frame a, and having
one extremity thereof connected with the rod by means of a connecting rod.
, is a spring connected with the bed-plate a', and lever, and adapted to normally
solicit the bar r, upwards into position for bringing the tooth q, into range of the
tappet-arm p, whereby the pulley k, is set in position for oscillating the cam-
cylinder The outer extremity of the S-shaped lever is provided with a
shoulder, Fig. 30, that lies parallel to the face of the can wheel p¹³, it being
understood that the axis of the lever and the axis of the cam wheel are disposed
at right angles to each other, so that the turning of the S-shaped lever in the
direction of the arrow in Fig. 30, causes the shoulder, to approach the face of
the cam wheel. The cam p18, is provided at its extremity with a lip 8, that affords
a space as R, Fig. 30, between it and the face of the cam wheel. The upper edge
of the lip 8, contacts with the lower edge of the shoulder r', as shown in Fig. 30,
and thus turns the lever about its fulcrum in an upward direction as indicated by
the arrow in said figure, with the result that the shoulder, is shifted towards the
space R, in Fig. 30, and finally enters the same. The cam p18, then passes over
the shoulder, and thus retains the lever in such position and as shown more
particularly in Figs. 28 and 29. The upward movement of the lower end of the
lever, causes the upper end thereof and also the rod r, to be drawn down, so
that the arm q², of the bar q, is brought into engagement with the tappet-arm p
whereby the pulley k, is shifted into position for rotating the cam cylinder b
s, is a shaft supported in bearings on the main-frame and provided at one extremity
with an arm s, disposed in range of a lug s³, detachably connected by means of a
set-screw, with a seat s', carried by one of the links of the pattern chain p³.
The other extremity of the shaft s, is provided with an arms, having au inwardly
projecting lips, adapted to contact with the portion 9, of a plate 97, depending
from the arm g, in order to lift the latter into position for permitting the tooth q;
to be engaged by the tappet-arm p27, so as to effect the movement of the pulley k
into its intermediate position, whereby the machine is permitted to come to rest.
The lug, by contacting with the arm s', slightly rotates the shaft 3, so that the
arm, is lifted off its back-stop 7. 8, is a spiral spring having one of its
extremities connected with the main-frame a, and the other of its extremities
connected with the arm >*. When the arms, is resting upon its back-stop s', the

page_text: springs, occupies a position to the right of the center of the shafts, and thus tends
to hold the arin s, in such position. However, when the arm, has been lifted
from its back-stop s7, by the lugs, and its accessories, the spring, is shifted to
the left hand side of the axis of the shafts, and consequently turns the arms,
upwards, thus permitting the lip s, to contact with the portion 9, of the plate q',
and to then engage a recess 98, in the plate q', in order to secure the bar q, in such
position that the pulley k, runs idly on the shaft j', and the shipper rod m, cannot
be shifted manually or accidentally. In order to release the bar
and shipper-
rod m', the arms, must be turned out of engagement with the recess 98, and into
contact with its back-stop s'. This result may be effected by means of an operating
handle s, on the arm s. However, it is not necessary that the operating handles,
should be afforded freedom of motion at all times. In fact for certain practical
reasons which will be readily understood, said operating handle s, should be locked
as soon as the arms, is turned manually into contact with its back-stop s', and
during the time that the movements of the working parts are being automatically
controlled and governed in the manner above described, and should be released
just prior to the turning of the shaft s, by the lug s³, and its accessories.
A description will now be given of the mechanism whereby the shaft s, is
automatically locked and released.
t, is a counter-balanced detent lever pivotally connected with the stud a", and
provided with a recess t¹, adapted for the reception of a pin 810, projecting sidewise
from the arm s¹. This detent-lever t, is normally turned by reason of its own
weight into position for causing the recess t', to engage the pins10. 2, is a curved
check formed upon the detent lever t, and disposed below the arm s', and in range
of the lugs, so that the latter contacts first with the cheek 2, thus turning the
detent lever t, and releasing the pin 10, and then with the arm s¹, in order to effect
the required movement of the shaft s, for shifting the arm & thereof in the manner
above described.
From the foregoing description it appears that the rod r, is availed of for
operating the clamping arm m³, of the thread controlling device. The slackener
and take-up arm, of said device is operated by means of a rod u, as illustrated in
Figs. 1, 20 and 21, having its lower extremity pivotally attached to a set-screw u¹,
adjustably mounted in a slot u³, in one arm u³, of a bell crank lever pivotally
connected with the main-frame a. The other arm u, of this bell-crank lever is
acted upon by tappet-arms m', carried by the link m³, whenever the latter is
shifted in order to operate the shipper rod m¹. u', in Fig. 20, is a set screw
connected with the pedestal a', and disposed in range of the arm u³, in order to
limit the range of upward movement of the take-up arm i³.
For the sake of a further explanation of my invention, a description will now be
given of the mode of operation of the above described machine in producing a
stocking or sock.
The stitches of a so-called top are run onto the quills or dents of a transfer
frame either manually or in any preferred manner. The transfer-frame is then
mounted upon the posts 9", in such manner that it is free to slide thereon and so
that each quill or dent engages a needle. During this operation the switch plate e.
is turned into position for engaging the long bits of the instep needles and lifting
them out of action. The cam-cylinder 6, is then turned manually one half
revolution by means of the handle j³. This motion of the cam-cylinder b', causes
the switch-plate e, to lift up the long bitted instep needles and the part of the
needle cam opposite the operative portion thereof as illustrated at Fig. 18, serves
to elevate the fashioning and heel needles, but not to the level of the long bitted
instep needles, so that all the needles of the machine are lifted up into engagement
with the corresponding dents or quills of the transfer-frame. The top is then
drawn manually down through the needle cylinder with the result that the stitches
thereof are transferred from the quills to the needles. The switch plate e, is then
turned manually into position for throwing the instep needles into action and the

page_text: cam-cylinder 61, is rotated manually one half of a revolution in a reverse
direction with the result that all the needles of the machine are again brought into
action.
The arms, is turned manually downwards out of engagement with the bar g,
as shown in Fig. 22, whereupon the free end of the shipper m', is turned manually
towards the right in Fig. 21, with the result that the pulley k, is thrown into
engagement with the eccentric 1, and consequently into position for rotating
the cam-cylinder . It must be borne in mind that the lower end r³, of the
S-shaped lever, is locked by the cam p18, in elevated position and that the
rod r, is locked in depressed position. Consequently the above mentioned
movement of the shipper m², causes the bar 7, to be moved in the direction of
its length towards the left in Fig. 22, with the result that the arm 9³, comes
into range of the tappet arm p2, which latter tends to maintain the pulley k,
in position for effecting the revolution of the cam cylinder b'. By reason of
the fact that the rod r, is in depressed position the thread clamping arm . is
pressed firmly upon its seat and consequently prevents the feed of the extra
thread. Under these circumstances the cam-cylinder 6', and its accessories, are
rotated and thus a' tubular web or leg portion is knit onto the top. When the
required length of leg has been knit, the pin po, of the pattern-chain contacts with
the pin p, on the cam wheel p", and thus rotates the latter sufficiently to
permit the pawl p, to pass out of the recess p, and come into action, and to rotate
the cam-wheel p13. This movement of the cam-wheel causes the cam pis, to
release the lever, and the cam p1, to engage the pin p". As soon as the lever,
is released, the spring, draws the rod r, and its accessories, upward into position
for lifting the thread clamping arm, and for turning the switch plate e, into
operative position. The upward movement of the rod r, also lifts the bar 2 into
position for bringing the tooth g', thereof into range of the tappet-arm p". The
tappet-arm p, engages said tooth and thus shifts the bar q, link m and shipper m'.
This movement of the bar g, link m³ and shipper m', is productive of a two-fold
result: first, the slackener and take-up arm 13, and its complemental take-up
spring, are turned upward into operative position; and second, the pulley k, is
brought into position for reciprocating the cam cylinder b', and its accessories,
through the intervention of the counter-shaft n², and its complemental gearing.
The counter-shaft n², acting through the link o, causes the pawl bars o², to be
reciprocated, and the cam pie, acting through the bars p" and p20, causes the pawl-
bars o³, to be lifted up into position for permitting the pawls o, to intermittently
drive the cam carriages f and f¹, towards the top of Fig. 16, and into the position
illustrated in Fig. 23, and thus effect the throwing of the fashioning needles out of
action. It may be remarked that the pawl bars o³, remain in elevated position
by reason of the frictional resistance existing between the bars p1 and p20, and the
frame-work of the machine. Under these circumstances the cam cylinder b', is
reciprocated, the extra thread is incorporated in the fabric, and the fashioning
needles are thrown out of action, so that the flat-web of the heel is knit and
narrowed. The pawl p", continues to rotate the cam-wheel p¹³, so that the cam pl.
is caused to engage the cheeks p", and lift the inner ends of the bars p1 and p2",
thus causing the pawl bars o³, to be depressed. The depression of the. paw
bars o, brings the pawls o¹, into position for effecting an intermittent reverse
movement of the cam carriages f and f', in order to permit the fashioning needles
again to come into action and widen the web. The continued revolution of the cam-
wheel p, brings the cam p18, again into engagement with the lever r³, whereby the
parts of the machine are caused to knit the foot portion of the stocking or sock in
precisely the same manner that they knit the leg portion. Upon the completion of
the foot portion, the pin p, brings the cam-wheel p¹³, again under the influence of
the pawl p, and the positive motion of the cam-wheel acting through the instru-
mentality of the cams p¹ and p", effects the requisite narrowing and widening of
the toe portion of the stocking in precisely the manner hereinabove described in

page_text: respect to the heel portion thereof. Upon the completion of the toe the cam pla,
again engages the lever and the pawl p", works in the recess p15. Under these
conditions a tube is knit onto the toe portion of the stocking. This tube facilitates
the operation of looping up the toe aud is unravelled after the looping operation
is completed.
During the fabrication of the stocking the arms, was locked to place against
its back-stop, and in inoperative position by means of the counterbalanced
detent t, and its complemental pin 10. This is important, because it prevents the
attendant-in-charge from accidentally or otherwise stopping the machine while the
stocking is incomplete and manually shifting certain parts thereof, whereby
the automatic devices might be thrown out of time in respect to each other; and
consequently causing the production of imperfect work. However, upon the com-
pletion of the required length of tubular web at the toe portion of the stocking,
the lugs, contacts with the counterbalanced detent lever t, to release the shafts,
and then with the arm s', to slightly rotate the shaft s, and permit the spring &³,
to bring the lips, in engagement with the plate 77, whereby the machine is stopped
and locked in such position in the manner as hereinabove described. The stocking
may then be run off the needles of the machine and the toe portion looped up and
unravelled. The repetition of the above described operations results in the
production of other stockings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A knitting machine provided with a driving shaft, a counter-shaft, a driving
pulley, mechanism for imparting rotary motion from the pulley to the counter-
shaft, an arm and its accessories actuated by the counter-shaft and adapted to
reciprocate the driving shaft, and pawl-and-ratchet devices for preventing retrograde
movement of the counter-shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. A knitting machine provided with a driving shaft, a counter-shaft having a
crank, a reciprocating rod actuated by said crank and provided with connections
for oscillating the driving shaft, a tooth on said counter-shaft, and a detent for
engaging said tooth, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. A knitting machine provided with a counter-shaft, a pivotal bar having
its extremities connected with pawl bars, a centrally pivoted lever having one
extremity in engagement with the pivotal bar, and a cam on the counter-shaft
engaging the other extremity of the lever, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
4. A knitting machine provided with a counter-shaft, a pivotal bar having its
respective extremities connected with pawl bars, a centrally pivoted lever having
one extremity in engagement with the pivotal bar, a cam on the counter-shaft
engaging the other extremity of the lever, and set-screws for limiting the range of
motion of the pivotal bar, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. A knitting machine provided with a pivotal bar having its extremities con-
nected with pawl-bars, a centrally pivoted lever having one extremity thereof in
engagement with the pivotal bar, a counter-shaft and segmental plates adjustably
connected with the counter-shaft and provided with cams for engaging the other
extremity of said lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. A knitting machine provided with a pivotal bar having its extremities
connected with pawl-bars, a centrally pivoted lever having one extremity thereof
in engagement with the pivotal bar, a counter-shaft, segmental plates adjustably
connected with the counter-shaft and provided with cams for engaging the other
extremity of said lever, and set-screws for limiting the range of motion of the
pivotal bar, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
7. A knitting machine provided with a pivotal bar having its extremities
connected with pawl bars, a centrally pivoted lever having one extremity
thereof in engagement with the pivotal bar, a counter-shaft, a sleeve keyed to the

page_text: counter-shaft, and segmental plates adjustably connected with the sleeve and
provided with cams for engaging the other extremity of said lever, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
8. A knitting machine provided with a driving shaft having a crank-arm, a
driving drum loose on the driving shaft and provided with a recess, a spring con-
trolled pin carried by the handle and adapted to engage said recess, and means for
shifting the drum, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
9. A knitting machine provided with a driving shaft having a crank-arm, a
driving drum loose on the driving shaft and provided with a recess and its com-
plemental cam surface, a spring controlled pin carried by the handle and adapted to
ride on the cam-surface and snap into the recess, and means for shifting the drum,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
10. The combination, in a knitting machine, of a driving shaft geared to the
cam cylinder, stop motion mechanism, an eccentric fast on said shaft and adapted
to supply power to the stop motion mechanism, a bar on the hub of the eccentric, a
pulley afforded end play on the shaft and provided with spring controlled pius for
engaging said bar and means for shifting said pulley, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
11. A knitting machine provided with a sinker bed, sinker-bars working in said
hed, a revoluble sinker-cam, a washer interposed between the sinker-cam and bars,
and means for actuating the sinker-cam, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
12. A knitting machine provided with a thread carrier, needles, needle-cams,
sinker-bars adapted to pass under the thread after it is laid onto the needles and
having inclined edges for drawing the thread upward to expand the stitches, and
means for operating the sinker-bars, needle-cams and thread carrier, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
13. In a knitting machine, needles and sinker bars having inclined working edges
adapted to co-operate with the .needles in expanding the stitches, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
14. A knitting machine provided with latch needles, a revoluble sinker-cam
haring a downwardly projecting ear adapted to ride over and open the latches of
the needles, and means for actuating the needles and sinker-cam, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
15. A knitting machine provided with a needle cylinder, a split ring provided
with a downwardly projecting finger, a wedge for clamping said ring in the
cylinder, and a bed having means for supporting said finger, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
16. A knitting machine provided with a needle-cylinder, a split-ring provided
with a downwardly projecting finger and with recessed extremities, a wedge adapted
for insertion in said recesses to clamp the ring in the needle cylinder, and a bed
having means for supporting said finger, substantially as and for the purposes set
:forth.
17. A knitting machine provided with an axially grooved needle cylinder, needles
working in said grooves and provided with bits, a sinker bed fitted on wide portions
of the webs between said grooves, a sectional ring detachably fitted into notches in
said webs beneath the wide portions thereof and adapted to serve as a gauge for
the sinker-bed and to permit of the removal of needles, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
18. A knitting machine provided with needles, a thread carrier and a com-
plemental ring adapted to open the latches of the needles and adjustably connected
with the pivotal portion of the thread carrier, the construction being such that the
ring may be turned clear of the needles to permit of the application of a transfer-
frame, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
19. A knitting machine provided with needles, a post connected with the cam
cylinder, a thread carrying arm hinged to said post, a ring adapted to open the
latches of the needles and adjustably attached to said hinged arm, and an adjusting

page_text: interposed between the post and arm, substantially as and for the purposes.
set forth.
20. A knitting machine provided with needles, a post connected with the cam
cylinder, a thread carrying arm hinged to said post, and a complemental ring
adjustably connected with the hinged arm and provided with an integral plate
having its lower edge adapted to open the latches of the needles, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
21. A knitting machine provided with fashioning needle controlling cam carriages,.
pawls for actuating said carriages, and racks detachably connected with said
carriages, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
22. A knitting machine provided with fashioning needle controlling cam carriages,.
racks provided with slots, set-screws working in said slots and connected with the
cam carriages, and pawls engaging said racks, substantially as and for the purposes.
set forth.
23. A knitting machine provided with knitting cams, a set of fashioning needles.
movable out of range of the knitting cams, carriages provided with a recess closed
at the bottom and having a seat for the fashioning needles, and cam-plates applied
to the edges of said recess and forming two openings, whereof each is co-extensive
with the set of fashioning needles, and said plates operating upon both sides of the
shanks of all the needles of the set, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
24. A knitting machine provided with knitting cams, sets of fashioning needles
movable out of range of the knitting cams, a carriage appertaining to each set of
fashioning needles and provided with cam plates extending beyond one end of each
of the carriages, and the projecting extremities of the cam-plates of one carriage
off-set for the accommodation of the cam plates of the other carriage, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
25. A knitting machine provided with a needle cylinder having a retaining
spring, needles some of which have longer bits than others and curved shanks for
engaging said spring, a pivotal switch plate adapted to engage the long bits and
shift the corresponding needles out of and into engagement with said spring, a
rock-shaft carrying said switch-plate, a pin or projection on said rock-shaft, and a
spring acting upon said pin or projection and serving to retain it in its extreme
position, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
26. A knitting machine provided with a needle cylinder having axial grooves at.
the top thereof and having a less number of axial grooves at the bottom thereof,.
needles working in the top grooves and connected in pairs with jacks working in
the bottom grooves, and means for operating the jacks, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
27. A knitting machine provided with a needle cylinder, a pair of needles having
bent shanks adapted to interlock with each other, a jack provided with a recess for
engaging the interlocked shanks, and means for operating the jack, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
28. A knitting machine provided with needles connected with a jack, and a
needle cylinder having axial grooves at the top for the reception of the needles,
axial grooves at the bottom for the reception of the jacks, and a peripheral groove
for the accommodation of the couplings of the jacks and needles, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
29. A knitting machine provided with fashioning needles and their complemental
cam carriages, a vibrating lever, pawl bars, ball-and-socket connections between
the bars and lever and means for elevating and depressing the pawl bars and for
affording the same a range of sidewise motion, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
30. A knitting machine provided with a main shaft, a drum movable end wise on
said shaft, a counter-shaft provided with a crank, a reciprocating rod connected
with said drum by straps, and a ball-and-socket joint interposed between the crank
and rod to accommodate the end wise movement of the drum, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.

page_text: 31. A knitting machine provided with a driving pulley and its complemental
shipper, a rod and a bell crank for actuating the shipper, a continuously operated
shaft having two tappet-arms, a bar adapted to be shifted end wise by said tappet-
arms, means for lifting and depressing said bar and a ball and socket joint
interposed between the bell-crank and bar, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
32. A knitting machine provided with a driving pulley and its complemental
shipper mechanism, an oscillating shaft provided with tappet-arms, a bar
co-operating with the tappet-arms and connected with the shipper mechanism, a
pattern chain provided with a projection, a shaft provided with a spring controlled
arm for locking said bar and with an arm disposed in range of said projection,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
33. A knitting machine provided with a driving pulley and its complemental
shipper-mechanism, an oscillating shaft provided with tappet-arms, a bar
co-operating with the tappet arms and connected with the shipper mechanism, a
pattern-chain provided with a projection, a plate depending from said bar and
provided with a recess, a spring controlled shaft provided with an arm having a lip
for engaging said recess and with an arm disposed in range of said projection,
substantially as aud for the purposes set forth.
34. A kuitting machine provided with a driving pulley and its complemental
shipper mechanism, an oscillating shaft having tappet-arms, a bar co-operating
with the tappet-arms and connected with the shipper mechanism, a pattern-chain
provided with a projection, a shaft provided with an arm adapted to lock said bar.
a back-stop for said arm, a spring tending to draw said arm into engagement with
its seat and with said bar, and a second arm on said shaft disposed in range of said
projection, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
35. A knitting machine provided with a driving pulley and its complemental
shipper mechanism, an oscillating shaft provided with tappet-arms, a bar
co-operating with the tappet-arms and connected with the shipper mechanism, a
pattern-chain, a shaft provided with an arm for engaging said bar, a lever for
locking a second arm on said shaft, and a projection on the pattern chain adapted
to release said lever and operate the last mentioned arm, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
36. A knitting machine provided with a driving pulley and its complemental
shipper mechanism, an oscillating shaft provided with tappet-arms, a bar
.co-operating with the tappet-arms and connected with the shipper mechanism, a
pattern chain, a plate depending from said bar and provided with a recess, a shaft
provided with an arm having lip for engaging said bar, a second arm on said
shaft, a lever for locking the last mentioned arm, and a lug on the pattern chain
for releasing the lever and operating the shaft, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
a
37. A knitting machine provided with stop motion mechanism having a bar and
its complemental tappet-arms and pattern chain, a shaft having an arm, a back-stop,
a spring for soliciting said arm into engagement with the bar or back-stop, a second
arm on said shaft, a lever normally locking the last mentioned arm, and a lug on
the pattern-chain for releasing said lever and operating the shaft, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
38. A knitting machine provided with stop motion mechanism comprising a
pattern-chain, an arm, a lug on the chain, and a lever normally locking said
arm and disposed in range of said lug, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
39. A knitting machine provided with reversing mechanism having tappet-arms,
a bar co-operating with the tappet arms and adapted to operate the link connected
with the belt shipper of said mechanism, a bell crank operated by said link, a
thread controlling device provided with take-up and clamping arms, connections
. between the take-up arm and bell-crank, a rod attached to the clamping arm and
provided with a pin working in a slot in the bar, a pivotal lever having one

page_text: extremity attached to said rod, and a wheel provided with a cam in range of the
other extremity of the pivotal lever, substantially as and for the purposes set-
forth.
40. A knitting machine provided with a thread controlling device having-
clamping and take-up arms, automatic reversing mechanism having tappet arms.
and a link and bar connected by a bell crank, a rod connected with the clamping-
arm and bar, a second bell crank provided with a rod connected with the take-up.
arm, and a slotted plate engaging the last mentioned bell crank and carried by said
link, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
41. A knitting machine provided with a thread controlling device having a.
take-up arm, reversing mechanism having a link, a bell-crank lever, a rod connected
with one arm of the bell crank lever and with the take-up arm, a slotted plate
engaging the other arm of the bell crank lever and carried by said link, and an
adjustable back-stop for the bell-crank lever, substantially as and for the purposes.
set forth.
42. A knitting machine provided with a thread controlling device having a.
clamping arm, reversing mechanism having a bar and tappet-arms, a rod
connected with said bar and arm, a lever and connections for operating said rod,
a cam-wheel for controlling said lever and means, substantially as described, for
intermittently rotating said cam-wheel, substantially as and for the purposes set.
forth.
Dated at Philadelphia Pa this 19th dex of October Å D 1803
EMIL JOHN FRANCK,
Per J. G. Lorrain, M. Inst. E.E., M. Inst. M.E.,
Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, Strand, London, W.C.,.
Chartered Patent Agent.