A NEW MACHINE FOR THE STEERING OF SHIPS BY AN HORIZONTAL WHEEL, QUADRANTS, PINNION, AND SPINDLES
Year: 1779

page_text: JULLY & BEATTY'S SPECT
ATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-second day of April, in the nineteenth year of
His reign, did give and grant unto us, Thomas William Jolly, of Bishopgate
Street, London, Merchant, and Robert Beatty, of the same place, Marriner,
His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that we, the said
Thomas William Jolly and Robert Beatty, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, and every of us during the term. of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend our new Invention of
"A NEW MACHINE FOR THE STEERING OF SHIPS BY AN HORIZONTAL WHEEL,
QUADRANTS, PINNION, AND SPINDLES," within that part of the Kingdom of Great
Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and also within all .the Colonies and Plantations abroad, in such
manner as to us, our executors, admors, and assigns, or any of us, should in
our discretion seem meet; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that if we, the said Thomas William Jolly and Robert Beatty, should not
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in 'writing
under our hands and seals, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery, within four calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters. Patent, then the same Letters Patent,
and all liberties and advantages,whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly
cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said Letters Patent more
at large doth appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas William Jolly and Robert
Beatty, in pursuance of and compliance with the said proviso, and the
purport

page_text: and true meaning of the said Letters Patent, and of His Majesty's said most
gracious intentions, do, by this Instrument in writing under our hands and
seals duly executed, declare that our said new Invention of a New Machine
for the Steering of Ships by an Horizontal Wheel, Quadrants, Pinions, and
Spindles, is to be performed in the following manner :-
If the ship's sternpost has a rake, and there is not room abaft the rudder
for the quadrant with the teeth on the exterior side to traverse clear of the
stern, a quadrant of sufficient radius with the teeth on the interior part of the
arch is then to be fixed on the head of the rudder with the arch forward,
the center of which arch is to be exactly in a line with the center of the
pintles of the rudder. The quadrant is to be let down on the head of the rudder
nearly even with the upper edge of the mortice usually cut for the tiller, and
to form a right angle with the sternpost. This quadrant is turned or moved
by a pinion wheel fixed on a spindle stepped in a saucer on an oak frame
either on the upper, lower, or middle deck, as the length of the head of the
rudder or other circumstances render most convenient. The saucer in which
the spindle steps is to be in a frame of same or other metal, which frame
is to be longer than the saucer, with a wedge or wedges to bring the pinion
wheel close to the teeth of the quadrant or to allow its removal, as occasion
may require. The spindle may be of any required length, according to the
size of the ship or vessell or the number of decks necessary to pass through,
and is to work in collars of brass, iron, or other metal let into the decks or
frames. The quadrant, pinion wheel, spindle, saucer, &c., may be of iron,
steel, brass, or any other metal, as most agreeable to the navigators, or the
whole machine may be made of wood. On the top of the spindle is to be
fixed a wheel of sufficient diameter proportioned to the size of the ship, exactly
at right angles to the spindle, which, therefore, in this case of the sternpost
having a rake, will deviate from the plane of the horizon. The wheel is to
have handles, by which the helmsman is to move the same in action of
steering. If the spindle steps on the other deck it may be supported in a
frame of oak or other strong wood; but if below, it may stand alone or work
in or be cased within a pillar triangle or any other form, for its support or orna-
ment, as suits the conveniency or fancy of the party. By a cord or chain
passed round the spindle and led or passed through sheaves, which may be
either in the deck, beams, frames, or pillar, an index is formed which exactly
points out to the helmsman in what direction the rudder stands. This mode
is also equally applicable to ships or vessels whose sternposts are perpen-
dicular, and in ships where they are so the wheel and quadrant will stand
exactly parallel to the horizon. In ships or vessels where there is room abaft
the rudder, the quadrant with the teeth on the exterior side may be applied.

page_text: with the arch towards the stern, the center of whose arch is also to be
exactly on a line with the center of the pintles of the rudder, and fixed on
the head of the rudder at right angles to the sternpost, and moved by a
pinion wheel and a spindle, as before described. The spindle, with its saucer
frame, wedges, &c., may step in the transom or in a wood frame for that
purpose, and, as before described, on either deck, as most convenient. The
quadrant with the teeth either on the outside or the inside of their respective
arch are indiscriminately applicable either before or abaft the rudder, but are
judged best to add strength to the rudder pintles and googings in the manner
before described. Their radius or size, as well as that of the pinion wheel
and spindle, is to be proportioned to the size of the ship, &c., as is also the
wheel on the upper end of the spindle by which the helmsman communicates
the motion. The part of the machine here denominated a quadrant is rather
more than a quarter part of a circle. Its arch must correspond with or be
exactly the same as the heel of the rudder makes from the one side to the
other. The quadrant, pinion wheel, spindle, &c., may also be fixed or
applied on either side of the rudder, if any circumstance or form in or about
the ship or vessel render the same necessary, more convenient, or desirable.
This machine, put up in either of the modes before described, may be also worked
or moved by or with the common wheel used for steering, or any other vertical
wheel, with the addition of one or more spindles either above or below the
deck, with one or more pinion wheels, and applicable to ships of any size
either in His Majesty's Navy or in merchant's service.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas William Jolly and Robert
Beatty, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighteenth day of
August, in the nineteenth year of the reign our Sovereign Lord George
the Third, by the grace of God of Great, France, and Ireland King,
Defender of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and seventy-nine.
THOS WILLIAM (L.8.) JOLLY.
ROBERT BEATTY. (L.S.)
Signed and sealed by the within-named
Thomas William Jolly and Robert
Beatty, being first duly stampt, in the
presence of
R' BROWN,
Sise Lane.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Eighteenth day of
August, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Thomas William Jolly
and Robert Beatty came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and
acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, all and every thing therein con-
tained and specified, in form above written. And also the Specification
aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the Statute made in the
sixth year of the reign of their late Majestys King William and Queen Mary
of England, and so forth.