Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 28th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 13th June, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
I, CHARLES SOUTHWICK ELLIS, Machinist, of 142 Seminary Avenue, in the
City of Chicago, County of Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A typewriting machine embodying my invention is of that kind which embraces
generally a plurality of pivoted type bars arranged in a circular order and
arranged to strike at a single point, keys connected with said several type bars for
actuating the same, a revolving paper supporting cylinder or platen which is
mounted on a movable frame or carriage at the top of the machine, means for
giving motion to the carriage consisting of a druin which is turned by a coil spring
and to which is attached a strap also secured to the carriage and which winds on
the drum by the action of the spring, and feed devices for the paper carriage of
that kind known as "variable feed" devices, the same being so constructed that as
the carriage is advanced step by step to bring the paper into position for the
successive action of the types thereon said carriage is moved through varying
distances to correspond with the varying widths of the type faces.
One feature of my improvement relates to means for actuating the type bars'
from the keys of a machine, and, with respect to these devices, a machine
embodying my invention is constructed as follows: The several keys of the
machine are attached to the upper ends of vertical stems which are mounted to
slide in vertical guides in the machine frame and are preferably arranged in
transverse rows or banks placed one above and at the rear of the other. In the
base of the machine and extending from the keys toward the rear of the machine
and beneath the type hars thereof are located a plurality of horizontally arranged
key actuating bars arranged parallel with each other in a horizontal plane and
adapted to slide or move freely in a longitudinal direction. At their lower ends
the key stems are severally secured to the horizontal arms of bell-crank levers
which are mounted in the frame and have their vertical arms pivotally attached to
the forward ends of the key actuating bars. Beneath the type bars are located a
plurality of bell-crank levers of which the vertical arms are pivoted to the
horizontal type bars and the horizontal arins are connected with the several
pivoted type bars at points near the pivots of the same by means of connecting
rods or links. These parts are so arranged that when a key is depressed the
actuating bar connected there with will be thrown forward by the action of the
bell-crank lever at its forward end and will operate through the bell-crank lever
at its rear end to draw down the link connected therewith and thereby lift its
corresponding type bar. Suitable springs are applied to return the keys and type
bars to their normal positions after being moved. The bell-crank levers at the
rear ends of the type actuating bars are distributed in groups upon a small number
of pivot rods which extend transversely across the machine frame, and the
connecting links which extend from said bell-crank levers to the type bars are bent
or offset backward or forward to the extent necessary to effect their proper
connection with the upper ends of said bell-crank levers. The type actuating bars
are held or guided at their rear ends by means of cross-bars located below the same
and provided with projections or pins which reach between the actuating bars so as
to hold them in their parallel relation.
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page_text: As an improved construction in means for pivotally supporting the type bars on
the machine frame, the latter embraces a basket ring which is secured at the top
of the frame and which is provided on its under surface with a plurality of annularly
arranged depending plates or brackets between which the type bars are pivoted in
groups with the several pivots of the bars constituting each group located in
different vertical planes. Each type bar is provided with a rigidly attached rock
shaft made of proper length for insertion between adjacent depending brackets on
the basket ring. The rock-shafts are hollow or tubular and pivotal supports are
furnished for the type bars by means of pivot-pins inserted through the hollow rock-
shafts and through suitably located holes in the said brackets. The pivot pins are
screw threaded at one end to enter screw threaded apertures in the brackets
engaged therewith, while at their opposite ends they are provided with slotted screw
beads to enable them to be easily removed.
The rock shafts of the type bars are arranged at an angular relation to radial
lines of the basket, while the type bars are bent so as to strike at the center of the
basket, this construction giving greater compactness in the arrangement of the
bars. The bearing apertures at one end of each group of rock shafts are arranged
vertically while those at the opposite end are arranged in an inclined position, so
that the several rock-shafts constituting each group stand at right angles with
relation to radial lines of the basket, the type bars being arranged on the rock-
shafts at different points and at uniform intervals between the supporting brackets.
The outer type ends of the several type bars of each group are made of different
lengths according to the vertical positions of their pivots, the length of the bars
being in all cases such as to bring the type accurately into contact with the platen
at the center of the basket.
To now refer to the construction of the paper carriage and the cylindric platen
carried thereou, a machine embodying my improvements contains features of
construction as follows: The carriage is mounted to slide upon transverse guides
or ways located above the top plate of the machine. The outer or front face of
the forward way is provided with a longitudinal groove which is engaged by an
anti-friction wheel on the carriage by which the front of the carriage is supported
and held in position. At its rear side the carriage is provided with anti-friction
rollers which rest on a flange of the rear guide or way, and also with a forwardly
or inwardly projecting flange which extends horizontally beneath an overhanging
flange of the said rear guide or way, said flanges on the carriage and the rear guide
or way being provided with interfitting parts by which the carriage is held
accurately in place during its movement along the ways. The platen is journaled
in a separate rigid framework consisting of L-shaped end pieces and connecting
rods, which framework is independent of and removable from the main frame of
the carriage. Attached to this framework is a paper guide of sheet metal to guide
the paper to the platen, and mounted on the said framework is a guide roller by
which the paper is held in close contact with said platen. Below the platen and
attached to said framework is a transverse guide strip having its forward edge
adjacent to the surface of the platen, said guide strip being preferably graduated
to form a scale. Spring guide strips are also secured to the said rigid framework
and extend beneath the platen to hold the side margins of the paper in close
contact therewith.
The platen-supporting framework thus constructed is pivotally and detachably
mounted on the carriage by devices made as follows: The carriage is provided
with end frame plate between which the platen frame is inserted, and said frame
plates are provided at their upper edges with open slots into which bearing studs
on the platen frame may be inserted in a manner to form pivots on which the
platen may swing or move backwardly and forwardly and thus brought either over
the center of the basket in position for the action of the types thereon or swung
forwardly and backwardly to permit inspection of the line being printed. The
said end plates of carriage frame are also provided with open ended arc-shaped
slots arranged concentrically with the lower or bearing ends of the slots first

page_text: mentioned, the said curved slots being adapted to receive the projecting ends of
the shaft which supports the platen and on which the same turns. The said end
plates of the carriage are provided in front of both the said slots with upwardly
and rearwardly projecting prongs which form guides by which the platen frame
may be quickly engaged with the carriage frame, by resting the bearing studs or
projections of the platen frame on the top edges of the carriage frame and then
drawing the platen frame downward until said studs or projections enter the slots
and become engaged therewith.
The platen is held in this position over the center of the basket by a holding
device located on the carriage and adapted to engage the ends of the platen shaft
in such manner as to maintain the same within the lower ends of the slots referred
to, such holding devices being also adapted to maintain the platen in its elevated
position by engaging the platen shaft after the same has been swung upwardly to
the upper ends of the said curved slots. These holding devices are made as
follows: Upon one of the end plates of the carriage are mounted two detent levers
which are provided with transverse surfaces or shoulders which extend across the
said curved slot when the ends of the detent levers are swung toward the said slot.
These detent levers are connected with each other at their adjacent ends by
pin-and-slot connection or like devices so that they move together. The spring is
applied to said detent levers to hold them securely across the said slot and a finger
piece is attached to one of them for actuating the same. When said detent levers
are withdrawn from across the slot by pressure of the finger piece the platen shaft
may be swung freely through said slot, but when the detent levers are released
they will act to hold the shaft either at the lower or upper end of said slot according
to the position which it is desired to hold the platen.
My invention also includes a novel construction in means for turning or rotating
the platen to give movement to the paper after the line is printed. These parts
are made as follows: Said platen is provided at its end with a rigid flange through
the medium of which force is applied to turn the platen. For holding the platen
from turning while the printing is being done a spring detent is applied to the
platen frame and acts on the said rigid flange at its free end. For giving rotary
motion to the platen when desired, devices are provided as follows: Beneath the
platen at one end of the carriage frame is located an endwise reciprocatory
horizontally swinging bar carrying a spring pawl adapted to engage the rigid
flange of the platen when said platen is in its depressed or operative position. At
the front of the carriage is located a pivoted lever which stands normally parallel
with the platen and is pivoted at one end to the carriage. The free end of said
lever is connected with the platen actuating bar referred to by suitable link
connection; a spring being applied to the bar so as to throw it inwardly to hold
it normally at the rearward limit of its movement, while at the same time retaining
the said lever parallel with the front face of the carriage. Said lever is provided
with an outwardly projecting finger piece or handle rigidly attached to the lever,
and so arranged that when lateral pressure is applied to the handle in a direction
to move the carriage end wise back to its starting point, the free end of the lever to
which the handle is attached will be drawn outwardly and in a direction to rotate
the platen.
The movement given to the platen will obviously depend upon the extent to
which the lever is moved or swung, and in order to move the platen such distance
as to shift the paper a full line space or half line space, devices are provided as
follows: On the front of the carriage adjacent to the free end of the said lever is
mounted a rotary sleeve provided at its outer end with a large milled head by
which it may be turned, and which forms also a stop to limit the outward movement
of said lever when moved a distance sufficient to turn the platen a distance of two
teeth or a full line space. Said sleeve is also provided about midway of its length
with a stop shoulder which is located at one side only of the sleeve and which, by
the turning of the sleeve, may be brought into the path of the lever and will then
restrict the movement of the latter so as to give a movement to the platen of one

page_text: tooth or a half line space. Provision is thus made for feeding the paper a single
or double line space as may be desired.
To now refer to the inking ribbon which is interposed between the type and the
paper for securing the impression upon the latter, devices are provided for
supporting and actuating said ribbon as follows: The ribbon is wound at its ends
on ribbon spools located at opposite sides of the basket of the machine, in the usual
manner, said spools being movable end wise to enable the ribbon to be shifted
sidewise with relation to the printing point. For giving said movement to the
ribbon spool devices are provided which are actuated by a cam attached to the
drum containing the carriage actuating spring, to which drum is attached a flexible
strap, through the medium of which motion is communicated in the usual manner.
Said drum is revolubly mounted upon a horizontal shaft journaled on the machine
frame, said shaft being provided with a rigidly attached spring barrel which extends
into the drum and to which the inner end of the carriage actuating spring is
secured. Said shaft is provided with a rigidly attached ratchet wheel the rotation
of which is controlled by a pawl upon the frame, its construction enabling the shaft
to be adjusted to vary the tension of the spring. One of the ribbon spools is
mounted upon the shaft referred to, while the spool at the opposite side of the
machine is mounted on a similar shaft, which latter shaft is provided with a spline
engaging the spool and also with a crank by which it may be turned to wind the
ribbon on the spool. Above the said spools at opposite sides of the basket are
arranged sliding frames having arms which extend to and engage the spools, so that
when the arms are moved the spools move with them. Said frames constitute
guides for the ribbon and for this purpose extend through slots in the top plate of
the machine. For giving simultaneous endwise movement to the said sliding frames
and thereby to the spools, the cam which is attached to the carriage actuating
spring drum, as above referred to, is adapted to act upon a vertical sliding bar
mounted in suitable guides on the machine frame, said vertical sliding bar engages
the horizontal arm of a bell-crank lever which is pivoted to the frame and has an
upwardly extending vertical arm connected at its upper end to a horizontal sliding
bar connected with the sliding frame at the adjacent end of the machine by means
of a horizontal swinging lever which lever is pivoted to the top plate of the machine
outside of said sliding bar and is engaged at its inner end with the frame and at a
point between its ends with said sliding bar. At the opposite side of the machine
a similar sliding bar and horizontal swinging lever are employed to give motion to
the sliding frame there located and simultaneous movement to the two frames is
secured by means of a horizontal rock shaft located near the base of the machine
and having at opposite ends of the machine upwardly projecting rigid arms which
are connected with both of said sliding bars, so that when the sliding bar at the
end of the machine adjacent to the drum is moved by the cam actuating connections
described, the sliding bar at the opposite end of the inachine will be correspondingly
moved. The movement of the spools and several connected parts in one direction
is effected by a suitably located spring, while the movement of said parts in the
opposite direction is secured by means of the cam above described. For feeding
the ribbon endwise, one of the spools is provided with ratchet teeth on its under
surface and a pivoted pawl is mounted on the machine frame in position to engage
said ratchet teeth at each reciprocation of the ribbon spool in such manner
as to turn or rotate the spool and thus wind a portion of the ribbon thereon.
The variable feed or spacing mechanism by which movement of the paper
carriage under the action of the carriage actuating spring is controlled, embraces
the novel features of construction and is made as follows: Attached to the rear of
the carriage is a tooth bar rack which engages a pinion attached to a horizontal
shaft arranged at right angles with the path of the carriage, and provided at its
rear end with a rigidly attached ratchet wheel.
The rotation of the shaft referred to is controlled and the carriage thereby
arrested, after movement through varying distances under the action of its actuating
spring, through the medium of devices constructed as follows: Operating in

page_text: connection with the ratchet wheel is a reciprocating detent bar arranged adjacent
to the rear face of the wheel and moving transversely with reference to the same,
said ratchet bar being provided with a detent tooth adapted to engage the tooth of
the ratchet wheel at one side of the same. Mounted on said detent bar is a pivoted
or swinging detent arm which is provided with a pawl adapted to engage the edge
of the ratchet wheel at the opposite side of the same from that at which the said
detent tooth is located. The detent tooth and the said pawl are located at a
distance apart greater than the diameter of the ratchet wheel, so that when the
detent bar is reciprocated one only of said parts can be engaged with said wheel at
the same time. Movement of the detent arm in the direction in which it is carried
by the ratchet wheel when its pawl is engaged with said ratchet wheel is limited by
a suitable stop attached to the detent bar and a spring applied between the detent
bar and the detent arm tends to swing said arm away from said stop. Mounted on
the machine frame is a series of movable stop bars which are adapted to be shifted
into the path of the detent arm so as to stop the same at varying distances when
moved away from the said stop, while a stationary end stop is arranged to determine
the extreme limit of movement of the said detent arm. In this construction the
action of the carriage spring on the ratchet wheel tends constantly to carry the
detent arm in a direction opposite to that in which it is moved by its own actuating
spring when released from the ratchet wheel, the carriage spring acting with
sufficient pressure to overcome said actuating spring and thus hold the arm at all
times in contact with said stop of the detent bar when said detent arm is engaged
with the ratchet wheel. The pivotal connection of the detent arm with the detent
bar is formed by means of a pivot stud on said arm which passes through a bearing
sleeve or hub on the bar and is provided with a sleeve or collar which serves to
hold the stud from end wise movement in the sleeve, and also for the attachment to
said stud of one end of the actuating spring, which is of coiled form and surrounds
the said sleeve, being attached at its opposite end to the detent arm. Suitable
actuating connections for the keys are provided by which the detent bar is
reciprocated whenever a key is struck, and one of the bars is moved into the path of
the detent arm whenever a key is struck calling for a space determined by the
swing of the detent arm before it strikes the stop, the parts being so arranged that
the detent tooth will be engaged with the ratchet wheel and one of the stops shifted
into the path of the arm at the time a key is depressed, so that said detent tooth
will be disengaged with the ratchet wheel and the pawl of the detent arm engaged
therewith when the key is released or raised, the ratchet wheel being permitted to
turn a distance of one, two, three or more teeth, according to the length of the arc
through which the detent arm is permitted to swing before it strikes the stop which
was moved by that key.
For actuating the said detent bar and the several stops, I propose to place over
the horizontal type actuating bars arranged to move end wise in the manner above
described, a number of rock-shafts having flanges adapted to engage said projections
on the several bars, the said flanges being held in contact with the stop projections
by means of a spring suitably applied to the rock-shafts. The rock-shaft which
actuates the reciprocating detent bar I propose to connect directly to said bar by
means of said arm of the rock-shaft pivoted to said bar, and all of the type
actuating bars will have projections acting on this rock-shaft so that the detent bar
will be actuated by all the keys. The stop bars I propose to actuate from other
rock-shafts by means of rigid arms on the rock shaft and bell-crank levers, giving
reverse movement to the stops, so that the latter will be depressed or drawn out of
the path of the detent arm at the same time the detent bar is lifted to secure the
engagement of said detent arm with the ratchet wheel, and vice versa. The above
described construction applies to the stop bars generally, but I prefer to arrange
one of the stop bars so that it will have a reverse movement from that of the others,
by connecting such bar directly with a rigid arm on the rock-shaft by which it is
actuated.
The object of so connecting one of the stops directly with its rock-shaft will be

page_text: understood from the following: In order that the device may be operated with as
little power as practicable, I arrange that stop which causes an extent of feed
motion common to the greatest number of keys, so that it will occupy normally a
position in the path of the detent arm and will be withdrawn from the path of the
arm only when it is necessary that the arm should be moved past the stop to reach
any other one beyond it. In a machine having five units of movement, for instance,
the space common to the greatest number of types will be that of two units, and
the stop bar which affords two units of movement will, therefore, be arranged to
stand normally in the path of the detent arm, while the other stops are out of said
path, the stop which stands normally in said path being for this purpose attached
directly to its actuating shaft, instead of being connected therewith through the
medium of bell-crank levers, as hereinbefore described. Inasmuch as the withdrawal
of the two unit space stop will be required at the time the succeeding stops are
lifted, it follows that in this construction all of the type actuating bars which
operate succeeding stops must be provided with two sets of stop projections to
act on two different rock shafts, so that whenever one of the said succeeding stops
is thrown into the path of the detent arm, such two-unit stop will be at the same
time withdrawn to allow the passage of the detent bar held in contact therewith.
As an improvement calculated to facilitate the construction and assemblage of
a machine made as above described, with end wise reciprocating key actuating bars,
bell-crank levers and rock-shafts, I propose to employ a rectangular frame separate
from the main frame of the machine and adapted to fit within the base thereof,
said frame being detachably secured in place and being provided with bearings for
the rock-shafts, and with means for attachment of the pivot rods for the bell-crank
levers, and for the cross-bars by which the type actuating bars are sustained and
guided.
The machine will, of course, be provided with the usual accessories, such as an
alarm bell and an adjustable line stop to determine the width of the margin at
the side of the paper. In case the machine is of that kind known as a shifting
carriage machine, or one in which each type bar carries two types, either of which
may be printed from by shifting the platen at the time of printing, suitable means
may be provided for shifting or moving the carriage.
Dated at Chicago, Illinois, this 22nd day of June 1895.
CHARLES SOUTHWICK ELLIS.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
I, CHARLES SOUTHWICK ELLIS, Machinist, of 142 Seminary Avenue, in the
City of Chicago, County of Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
A typewriting machine embodying my invention is of that kind which embraces
generally a plurality of pivoted type bars arranged in circular order and arranged
to strike at a single point, keys connected with said several type bars for actuating
the same, a revolving paper supporting cylinder or platen which is mounted on a
movable frame or carriage at the top of the machine, means for giving motion to
the carriage consisting of a drum which is turned by a coil spring and to which is
attached a strap also secured to the carriage and which winds on the drum by the
action of the spring, and feed devices for the paper carriage of that kind known

page_text: as "variable feed" devices, the same being so constructed that as the carriage is
advanced step by step to bring the paper into position for the successive action of
the types thereon, said carriage is moved through varying distances to correspond
with the varying widths of the type faces.
One feature of my improvement relates to means for actuating the type bars
from the keys of a machine, and, with respect to these devices, a machine
embodying my invention is constructed as follows: The several keys of the
machine are attached to the upper ends of vertical stems which are mounted to
slide in vertical guides in the machine frame and are preferably arranged in
transverse rows or banks placed one above and at the rear of the other. In the
base of the machine and extending from the keys toward the rear of the machine
and beneath the type bars thereof are located a plurality of horizontally arranged
key actuating bars arranged parallel with each other in a horizontal plane and
adapted to slide or move freely in a longitudinal direction. At their lower ends
the key stems are severally secured to the horizontal arms of bell-crank levers
which are mounted in the frame and have their vertical arms pivotally attached to
the forward ends of the key actuating bars. Beneath the type bars are located a
plurality of bell-crauk levers of which the vertical arms are pivoted to the
horizontal type bars and the horizontal arms are connected with the several
pivoted type bars at points near the pivots of the same by means of connecting
rods or links. These parts are so arranged that when a key is depressed the
actuating bar connected therewith will be thrown forward by the action of the
bell-crank lever at its forward end and will operate through the bell-crank lever
at its rear end to draw down the link connected therewith and thereby lift its
corresponding type bar. Suitable springs are applied to return the keys and type
bars to their normal positions after being moved. The bell-crank levers at the
rear ends of the type actuating bars are distributed in groups upon a small number
of pivot rods which extend transversely across the machine frame, and the
connecting links which extend from said bell-crank levers to the type bars are
bent or offset backward to the extent necessary to effect their proper connection
with the upper ends of said bell-crank levers. The type actuating bars are held
or guided at their rear ends by means of cross-bars located below the same and
provided with projections or pins which reach between the actuating bars so as to
hold them in parallel relation.
As an improved construction in means for pivotally supporting the type bars
on the machine frame, the latter embraces a basket ring which is secured at the
top of the frame and which is provided on its under surface with a plurality of
annularly arranged depending plates or brackets between which the type bars are
pivoted in groups with the several pivots of the bars constituting each group
located in different vertical planes. Each type bar is provided with a rigidly
attached rock shaft made of proper length for insertion between adjacent depending
brackets on the basket ring. The rock shafts are hollow or tubular and pivotal
supports are furnished for the type bars by means of pivot pins inserted through
the hollow rock-shafts and through suitably located holes in the said brackets..
The pivot pins are screw threaded at one end to enter screw threaded apertures in
the brackets engaged therewith, while at their opposite ends they are provided,
with slotted screw heads to enable them to be casily removed.
The rock shafts of the type bars are arranged at an angular relation to radial
lines of the basket, while the type bars are bent so as to strike at the center of
the basket, this construction giving greater compactness in the arrangement of the
bars. The bearing apertures at one end of each group of rock shafts are arranged
vertically while those at the opposite end are arranged in an inclined position, so
that the several. rock-shafts constituting each group stand at right angles with
relation to radial lines of the basket, the type bars being arranged on the rock-
shafts, at different, points and at uniform intervals between the supporting brackets.
The outer type ends of the several type bars of each group. are made of different
lengths according to the vertical positions of their pivots, the length of the bars-

page_text: C
being in all cases such as to bring the type accurately into contact with the platen
at the center of the basket.
To now refer to the construction of the paper carriage and the cylindric platen
carried thereon, a machine embodying my improvements contains features of
construction as follows:-The carriage is mounted to slide upon transverse guides
or ways located above the top plate of the machine. The outer or front face of
the forward way is provided with a longitudinal groove which is engaged by an
anti-friction wheel on the carriage by which the front of the carriage is supported
and held in position. At its rear side the carriage is provided with anti-friction
rollers which rest on a flange of the rear guide or way, and also with a forwardly
and inwardly projecting flange which extends horizontally beneath an overhanging
flange of the said rear guide or way, said flanges on the carriage and the rear
guide or way being provided with interfitting parts by which the carriage is held
accurately in place during its movement along the ways. The platen is journalled
in a separate rigid framework consisting of L-shaped end pieces and connecting
rods, which framework is independent of and removable from the main frame of
the carriage. Attached to this framework is a paper guide of sheet metal to
guide the paper to the platen, and mounted on the said framework is a guide
roller by which the paper is held in close contact with said platen. Below the
platen and attached to said framework is a transverse guide strip having its
forward edge adjacent to the surface of the platen, said guide strip being preferably
graduated to form a scale. Spring guide strips are also secured to the said rigid
framework and extend beneath the platen to hold the side margins of the paper
in close contact therewith.
The platen-supporting framework thus constructed is pivotally and detachably
mounted on the carriage by devices made as follows: The carriage is provided
with end frame plate between which the platen frame is inserted, and said frame
plates are provided at their upper edges with open slots into which bearing studs
on the platen frame may be inserted in a manner to form pivots on which the platen
may swing or move backwardly and forwardly and thus brought either over the
center of the basket in position for the action of the types thereon or swung
forwardly and backwardly to permit inspection of the line being printed. The said
end plates of carriage frame are also provided with open ended arm-shaped slots
arranged concentrically with the lower or bearing ends of the slots first mentioned,
the said curved slots being adapted to receive the projecting ends of the shaft
which supports the platen and on which the same turns. The said end plates of the
carriage are provided in front of both the said slots with upwardly and rearwardly
projecting prongs which form guides by which the platen frame may be quickly
engaged with the carriage frame by resting the bearing studs or projections of the
platen frame on the top edges of the carriage frame and then drawing the platen
frame downward until said studs or projections enter the slots and become engaged
therewith.
The platen is held in this position over the center of the basket by a holding
device located on the carriage and adapted to engage the ends of the platen shaft
in such a manner as to maintain the same within the lower ends of the slots referred
to, such holding devices being also adapted to maintain the platen in its elevated
position by engaging the platen shaft after the same has been swung upwardly to
the upper ends of the said curved slots. These holding devices are made as
followsUpon one of the end plates of the carriage are mounted two detent levers
which are provided with transverse surfaces or shoulders which extend across the
said curved slot when the ends of the detent levers are swung toward the said slot.
These detent levers are connected with each other at their adjacent ends by pin-
and-slot connection or like devices so that they move together. The spring is
applied to said detent levers to hold them securely across the said slot and a finger
piece is attached to one of them for actuating the same. When said detent levers
are withdrawn from across the slot by pressure of the finger piece the platen shaft
may be swung freely through said slot, but when the detent levers are released they

page_text: will act to hold the shaft either at the lower or upper end of said slot according to
the position which it is desired to hold the platen.
My invention also includes a novel construction in means for turning or rotating
the platen to give movement to the paper after the line is printed. These parts
are made as follows:-Said platen is provided at its end with a rigid flange through
the medium of which force is applied to turn the platen. For holding the platen
from turning while printing is being done a spring detent is applied to the platen
frame and acts on the said rigid flange at its free end. For giving rotary motion to
the platen when desired, devices are provided as follows:-Beneath the platen at
one end of the carriage frame is located an endwise reciprocatory horizontally
swinging bar carrying a spring pawl adapted to engage the rigid flange of the
platen when said platen is in its depressed or operative position. At the front of
the carriage is located a pivoted lever which stands normally parallel with the
platen and is pivoted at one end to the carriage. The free end of said lever is
connected with the platen actuating bar referred to by suitable link connection; a
spring being applied to the bar so as to throw it inwardly to hold it normally at
the rearward limit of its movement, while at the same time retaining the said lever
parallel with the front face of the carriage. Said lever is provided with an
outwardly projecting finger piece or handle rigidly attached to the levers and so
arranged that when lateral pressure is applied to the handle in a direction to move
the carriage end wise back to its starting point, the free end of the lever to which
the handle is attached will be drawn outwardly and in a direction to rotate the
platen.
The movement given to the platen will obviously depend upon the extent to
which the lever is moved or swung, and in order to move the platen such distance
as to shift the paper a full line space or half line space, devices are provided as
follows: On the front of the carriage adjacent to the free end of said lever is
mounted a rotary sleeve provided at its outer end with a large milled head by
which it may be turned, and which forms also a stop to limit the outward move-
ment of said lever when moved a distance sufficient to turn the platen a distance of
two teeth or a full line space. Said sleeve is also provided about midway of its
length with a stop shoulder which is located at one side only of the sleeve and which,
by the turning of the sleeve, may be brought into the path of the lever and will
then restrict the movement of the latter so as to give a movement to the platen of
one tooth or a half line space. Provision is thus made for feeding the paper a
single or double line space as may be desired.
To now refer to the inking ribbon which is interposed between the type and the
paper for securing the impression upon the latter, devices are provided for
supporting and actuating said ribbon as follows: The ribbon is wound at its ends
on ribbon spools located at opposite sides of the basket of the machine, in the usual
manner, said spools being movable end wise to enable the ribbon to be shifted side-
wise with relation to the printing point. For giving said movement to the ribbon
cam attached to the drum
spool, devices are provided which are actuated by a
containing the carriage actuating spring, to which drum is attached a flexible strap,
Said
through the medium of which motion is communicated in the usual manner.
drum is revolubly mounted upon a horizontal shaft journalled on the machine
frame, said shaft being provided with a rigidly attached spring barrel which
extends into the drum and to which the inner end of the carriage actuating spring
is secured. Said shaft is provided with a rigidly attached ratchet wheel the
rotation of which is controlled by a pawl upon the frame, its construction enabling
the shaft to be adjusted to vary the tension of the spring. One of the ribbon
spools is mounted upon the shaft referred to, while the spool at the opposite side of
the machine is mounted on a similar shaft, which latter shaft is provided with a
spline engaging the spool and also with a crank by which it may be turned to wind
the ribbon on the spool. Above the said spools at opposite sides of the basket are
arranged sliding frames having arms which extend to and engage the spools, so that
when the arms are moved the spools move with them. Said frames constitute
B

page_text: guides for the ribbon and for this purpose extend through slots in the top plate of
the machine. For giving simultaneous end wise movement to the said sliding
frames and thereby to the spools, the cam which is attached to the carriage
actuating spring drum, as above referred to, is adapted to act upon a vertical sliding
bar mounted in suitable guides on the machine frame, said vertical sliding bar
engages the horizontal arm of a bell-crank lever which is pivoted to the frame and
has an upwardly extending vertical arm connected at its upper end to a horizontal
sliding bar connected with the sliding frame at the adjacent end of the machine by
means of a horizontal swinging lever which lever is pivoted to the top plate of
the machine outside of said sliding bar and is engaged at its inner end with the
frame and at a point between its ends with said sliding bar. At the opposite side
of the machine a similar sliding bar and horizontal swinging lever are employed to
give motion to the sliding frame there located and simultaneous movement to the two
frames is secured by means of a horizontal rock shaft located near the base of the
machine and having at opposite ends of the machine upwardly projecting rigid arms
which are connected with both of said sliding bars so that when the sliding bar at
the end of the machine adjacent to the drum is moved by the cam actuating
connections described, the sliding bar at the opposite end of the machine will be
correspondingly moved. The movement of the spools and several connected parts
in one direction is affected by a suitably located spring, while the movement of
said parts in the opposite direction is secured by means of the cam above described.
For feeding the ribbon end wise, one of the spools is provided with ratchet teeth on its
under surface and a pivoted pawl is mounted on the machine frame in position to
engage said ratchet teeth at each reciprocation of the ribbon spool in such manner
as to turn or rotate the spool and thus wind a portion of the ribbon thereon.
The variable feed or spacing mechanism by which the movement of the paper
carriage under the action of the carriage actuating spring is controlled, embraces
the novel features of construction and is made as follows:-Attached to the rear of
the carriage is a tooth bar rack which engages a pinion attached to a horizontal
shaft arranged at right angles with the path of the carriage, and provided at its
rear end with a rigidly attached ratchet wheel.
The rotation of the shaft referred to is controlled and the carriage thereby
arrested, after movement through varying distances under the action of its actuating
spring, through the medium of devices constructed as follows: Operating in
connection with the ratchet wheel is a reciprocating detent bar arranged adjacent
to the rear face of the wheel and moving transversely with reference to the same,
said ratchet bar being provided with a detent tooth adapted to engage the tooth of
the ratchet wheel at one side of the same. Mounted on said detent bar is a pivoted
or swinging detent arm which is provided with a pawl adapted to engage the edge
of the ratchet wheel at the opposite side of the same from that at which the said
detent tooth is located. The detent tooth and the said pawl are located at a distance
apart greater than the diameter of the ratchet wheel, so that when the detent bar
is reciprocated one only of said parts can be engaged with said wheel at the same
time. Movement of the detent arm in the direction in which it is carried by the
ratchet wheel when its pawl is engaged with said ratchet wheel is limited by a
suitable stop attached to the detent bar and a spring applied between the detent
bar and the detent arm tends to swing said arm away from said stop. Mounted
on the machine frame is a series of movable stop bars which are adapted to be
shifted into the path of the detent arm so as to stop the same at varying distances
when moved away from said stop, while a stationary end stop is arranged to deter-
mine the extreme limit of movement of the said detent arm. In this construction
the action of the carriage spring on the ratchet wheel tends constantly to carry the
detent arm in a direction opposite to that in which it is moved by its own actuating
spring when released from the ratchet wheel, the carriage spring acting with
sufficient pressure to overcome said actuating spring and thus hold the arm at all
times in contact with said stop of the detent bar when said detent arm is engaged
with the ratchet wheel. The pivotal connection of the detent arm with the detent

page_text: Suitable
bar is formed by means of a pivot stud on said arm which passes through a bearing
sleeve or hub on the bar and is provided with a sleeve or collar which serves to
hold the stud from endwise movement in the sleeve, and also for the attachment to
said stud of one end of the actuating spring, which is of coiled form and surrounds
the said sleeve, being attached to its opposite end to the detent arm.
actuating connections for the keys are provided by which the detent bar is recipro-
cated whenever a key is struck, and one of the bars is moved into the path of the
detent arm whenever a key is struck calling for a space determined by the swing of
the detent arm before it strikes that stop, the parts being so arranged that the
detent tooth will be engaged with the ratchet wheel and one of the stops shifted
into the path of the arm at the time a key is depressed, so that said detent tooth
will be disengaged with the ratchet wheel and the pawl of the detent arm engaged
therewith when the key is released or raised, the ratchet wheel being permitted to
turn a distance of one, two three or more teeth, according to the length of the arc
through which the detent arm is permitted to swing before it strikes the stop which
was moved by that key.
For actuating the said detent bar and the several stops, I propose to place over
the horizontal type actuating bars arranged to move end wise in the manner above
described, a number of rock-shafts having flanges adapted to engage said projections
on the several bars, the said flanges being held in contact with the stop projections
by means of a spring suitably applied to the rock-shafts. The rock-shaft which
actuates the reciprocating detent bar I propose to connect directly to said bar by
means of said arm of the rock-shaft pivoted to said bar, and all of the type actuating
bars will have projections acting on this rock-shaft so that the detent bar will be
actuated by all the keys. The stop bars I propose to actuate from other rock-
shafts by means of rigid arms on the rock-shaft and bell-crank levers, giving
reverse movement to the stops, so that the latter will be depressed or drawn
out of the path of the detent arm at the same time the detent bar is lifted to secure
the engagement of said detent arm with the ratchet wheel, and vice versa. The
above described construction applies to the stop bars generally, but I prefer to
arrange one of the stop bars so that it will have a reverse movement from that of
the others, by connecting such bar directly with a rigid arm on the rock shaft by
which it is actuated.
The object of so connecting one of the stops directly with its rock shaft will be
understood from the following: In order that the device may be operated with
as little power as practicable, I arrange that stop which causes an extent of feed-
motion common to the greatest number of keys, so that it will occupy normally a
position in the path of the detent arm and will be withdrawn from the path only
when it is necessary that the arm should be moved past the stop to reach any other
one beyond it. In a machine having five units of movement, for instance, the
space common to the greatest number of types will be that of two units, and the
stop bar which affords two units of movement will, therefore, will be arranged to
stand normally in the path of the detent arm, while the other stops are out of said
path, the stop which stands normally in said path being for this purpose attached
directly to its actuating shaft, instead of being connected therewith through the
medium of bell-crank levers, as herein before described. Inasmuch as the with-
drawal of the two unit space stop will be required at the time the succeeding stops
are lifted, it follows that in this construction all of the type actuating bars which
operate succeeding stops must be provided with two sets of stop projections to act
on two different rock shafts, so that whenever one of the said succeeding stops is
thrown into the path of the detent arm, such two-unit stop will be at the same time
withdrawn to allow the passage of the detent bar held in contact therewith.
As an improvement calculated to facilitate the construction and assemblage of a
machine made as above described, with end wise reciprocating key actuating bars,
bell-crank levers and rock-shafts, I propose to employ a rectangular frame separate
from the main frame of the machine and adapted to fit within the base thereof, said
frame being detachably secured in place and being provided with bearings for the

page_text: rock-shafts, and with means for attachment of the pivot rods for the bell crank
levers, and for the cross-bars by which the type actuating bars are sustained and
guided.
The invention will more readily understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a typewriting machine embodying my
invention.
Figure 2 is a top plan view thereof.
Figure 3 is a view in rear elevation of the parts at the rear of the machine.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the lower front portion of the machine showing
the key mechanism.
Figure 5 the sectional elevation taken centrally through the basket, illustrating
the arrangement of the type-bars.
Figure 6 is a plan view of the lower part of the machine as seen from beneath.
Figure 7 is a sectional plan view taken on a plane above the actuating bars and
levers.
Figure 8 is a detail plan view from beneath of the parts adjacent to the rear end
of the machine.
Figure 9 is a similar view of the parts of the front end of the machine.
Figure 10 is a detail sectional view taken on line 10-10 of Figure 1, showing
the mechanism for actuating the ribbon spools.
Figure 11 is a fragmentary detail section showing the carriage spring drum and
the cam thereon.
Figure 12 is a plan view of one end of the top-plate, showing the ribbon shifting
devices.
Figure 13 is a sectional elevation of the parts shown in Figure 12, taken on
line 13-13 of said Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a perspective view of one of the slides which move the ribbon-
spools.
Figure 15 is a detail section taken on line 15-15 of Figure 23, and showing the
yoke for the movable stops of the fced device.
Figure 16 is a face view of the detent bar forming part of the spacing
mechanism.
Figure 17 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 18 is a perspective view of the releasing dog for the spring pawl of the
spacing device.
Figure 19 is a vertical section taken through the top-plate at one end of the
machine, showing parts of the inking ribbon actuating devices and also the pivots
of the type-bars.
Figure 20 is an end view of the platen frame.
Figure 21 is a view in horizontal section of the platen turning devices.
Figure 22 is a detail face view of the front bar of the paper carriage showing
the carriage stop and the alarm-bell actuating devices.
Figure 23 is a section taken on line 23-23 of Figure 3.
Figure 24 is a horizontal section through the type bar pivots.
As shown in said drawings A designates the base of the machine, which is
preferably made of cast metal and of rectangular form, and A¹ is a top-plate which
is connected with the base by columns or standards, A2, made integral with said
base and to the upper ends of which the top-plate is secured by screws or otherwise.
BB designate the keys, which are arranged in transverse rows or banks and
placed one above and at the rear of the other at the front of the machine. They
are secured to the upper ends of vertical stems b, which extend through suitable
guide apertures in a transverse plate A³, which latter is supported at its ends on
Buitably elevated parts of the base A and is formed with a plurality of steps a, a,
one for each horizontal row or bank of keys. A sheet metal plate a' bent to
conform to the several steps a, and enameled or otherwise finished, is, in this
instance, placed over the plate A³ to afford an appropriate finish to the machine.

page_text: At their lower ends the key stems are severally secured to the horizontal arms of
bell-crank levers B³ (Figure 4) which are mounted to oscillate on rods, 6' which
are supported at their ends upon the side plates of the frame base. The vertical
arms of the bell-crank levers are pivotally attached to the forward end of
horizontally arranged key actuating bars B2 which from front to rear of the
machine within the base and near the bottom thereof.
Referring now to the construction of the basket of the machine, C indicates the
upper marginal ring, which is supported within the usual circular apertures in the
top-plate of the machine.
C indicates a plurality of type-bars which are pivotally mounted in circular
order in said ring and C2 indicates a corresponding series of depending links which
are operatively connected at their upper ends with the said type bars.
The lower ends of the links B2 are pivotally secured to the horizontal arms of
the bell-crank levers C³ (Figure 5) which levers are mounted to oscillate upou
transverse rods extending horizontally between the side pieces of the frame base.
The depending arms of said beil-crank levers are pivotally secured to the longi-
tudinal bar B2 at points between the ends thereof. These several parts are so
arranged that when the keys B are depressed said bars will be drawn forward by
the bell-crank levers B' and will operate through the bell-crank levers C³ to draw
down the links C and thereby the type bars C³. The spiral springs B4 (Figures 5
and 9) serve to return the bars B2 and connected parts to their normal positions after
they have been moved by pressure on the keys; said springs being placed below
the bars with their front ends attached to the depending lugs 63 thereof and with
their rear ends attached to stationary transverse bars 64 supported on the side of
the base (Figure 9). Being of a diameter considerably greater than the width of
the bars B2, the springs B in order not to interfere with each other, are arranged
in two separate rows, one behind the other, the springs of the two rows being
connected to alternate bars B².
As shown in this instance the bell-crank levers B' and B' are attached to short
hubs which are apertured for the passage of the pivot rods, the levers being placed
on said rods side by side with the hubs in contact in order to hold them from
shifting endwise on said rods. The longitudinal bars B2 are in this instance made
of flat strips of metal, preferably cut or stamped from sheet metal and provided
at their upper edges with integral lugs 6° to which the depending arms of the
bell-crank levers are pivoted by means of suitable pivot pins or studs.
In order to simplify the construction of the parts the bell crank levers B³ are
distributed in groups upon a comparatively small number (in this instance four)
pivot rods 62, and the lower parts of the connecting links C³ are bent or offset
backward or forward to the extent necessary to effect their proper connection
with the upper ends of said bell-crank levers. With the four pivot rods illustrated
the bell-crank levers are distributed in six groups, arranged at the middle portions
of the front and rear rods and at the end portions of the intermediate rods
(Figures 6 and 7), but with a greater or less number of pivot rods; other
convenient arrangements of the bell-crank levers may be employed which does not
involve an excessive lateral deflection of the lower ends of the links. The said
bars are separated or held in their upright position and parallel with each other by
means of guide pins 6° 6° inserted, one set in the forward cross bar 6 and another set
in another cross bar 67, located near the rear of the machine; said pins rising
from said cross-bars between the actuating bars (Figures 5 and 6).
Referring more particularly to the construction of the basket-ring C, said ring is
provided on its under surface with depending integral brackets C³ having the form
of flat vertical plates or flanges, which stand at a considerable angle with reference
to radial lines of the ring. The type-bars C₁ are pivotally supported between
adjacent brackets in groups, the machine shown in the drawings containing four in
each group. Each type-bar is provided with a rigidly attached rock-shaft c, which
is made of exactly proper length for insertion between the depending brackets.
Said rock-shafts are hollow or tubular and pivotal supports for the type-bars are

page_text: furnished by means of pivot pins or pintles c² which are inserted through the
hollow rock-shaft and through suitably located holes or apertures in the said
brackets (Figure 24). The pintles c' are preferably screw-threaded at one end to
enter the screw-threaded aperture in the bracket, the screw threads being formed
on enlarged parts or heads slotted to enable them to be easily inserted and
removed.
The rock-shafts of the type-bars are not placed tangentially with reference to
the circle of the basket, but are arranged nearly at right angles to the brackets C³;
each of the type bars being bent so as to strike the center of the basket, notwith-
standing said angular arrangement of the pintles.
As herein shown the bearing apertures at one end of the rock-shafts are arranged
in a vertical row adjacent to the outer edge of the bracket which they engage,
while the apertures at the opposite ends of the rock-shafts are arranged in an
upwardly and outwardly inclined row, the lowermost apertures being located
adjacent to the inner edge of the bracket, while the uppermost aperture is located
nearer the upper edge of the bracket. The type-bar, the pintle of which, is placed
lowermost in each vertical row is located on said pintle and immediately adjacent
to one of the brackets, while the type-bar on the uppermost rock-shaft is located
at the opposite end of the same adjacent to the next bracket, while the type-bars
on the intermediate rock-shafts are arranged thereon at intermediate points in a
uniform manner. The outer or type ends of the several type-bars of each group
are made of different lengths, as indicated in Figure 5, according to the vertical
position of their pivot pintles, the lengths of the bars being, in all cases, such as.
to bring the type accurately in contact with the platen at the center of the basket
when the body of the type-bar is thrown into its horizontal position, so that the
proper impression will be obtained at whatever the level the type-bar is pivoted.
At their outer ends the type-bars are formed with short arms e2 which are pivotally
connected with the upper ends of the connecting links C2. Each of said connecting
links C2 is provided with a turn buckle 3 by means of which its length may be
adjusted to give the exact amount of throw in the type-bars that may be required.
The usual padded ring C³ is located near the bottom of the basket in position to
arrest the type-bars as they fall back after being actuated. Said ring C³ is herein
shown as supported by means of depending arms ct from the ring c.
D designates as a whole a transversely sliding carriage which is mounted at the
top of the machine and supports a cylindrical platen E; as herein shown, the frame
of said carriage consists of parallel front and rear bars D' D2 which are attached
at their ends to the rigid side plates D³. The carriage is mounted to slide upon
transverse ways A4, which are located over the top plate within the front and rear
bars of the frame of the carriage and are secured to said top-plate by screws
passing through the lower horizontal flanges of the ways, as illustrated. In
the particular construction illustrated, the basket ring C is supported within the
opening of the top-plate by attachment to the under surface of said ways, thereby
rendering unnecessary any special supporting device for the said ring. The outer
or front face of the forward way A' is provided with a longitudinal groove a², which
is engaged by an anti-friction wheel d located on the rear or inner face of the front
carriage bar D'. The roller d normally rests and runs upon the bottom of the
groove a², but its diameter is practically equal to the width of the groove, so that it
also prevents the front of the carriage from being elevated. The rear way A³ is
provided at its upper edge with a rearward projecting flange as having a depending
rib a which engages a correspondingly shaped groove d² formed in an inwardly
projecting flange d' on the frame bar D2 of the carriage. The said frame-bar D₁
is also provided with anti-friction rollers d³ d³, which rest and roll on a rear-
wardly projecting part of the base flange of the rear way A°. The engagement
between the rib a* and grooved flange d¹ maintains the carriage in exact alignment
with the ways and prevents its being lifted from the same at its rear edge.
The cylindrical platen E is herein shown as journalled within a rigid frame work,
comprising L-shaped end pieces E¹ (Figure 20) and transverse rods E and E³,

page_text: which rigidly connect the outer or free ends of the L-shaped pieces; the angle of
said end pieces being provided with bearing apertures for the ends of the shaft E
of the platen. The transverse har E3 which connects the lower extremities of the
end pieces, serves to pivotally support the usual sheet metal paper guide E³, which
is provided at its end with curved metal bars E, haring apertured hubs through
which the rod E³ passes. The bars E project at their lower ends below
the guide plate E' and there support a relatively small guide roller E', located
just below the guide plate E' and herein shown as journalled upon pivot pins e,
which pass through the bars E' and have adjustable screw threaded engagement
therewith.
Below the roller E' a narrow transverse guide strip E8 is secured to the ends of
the bars E; said strip being located immediately below and in front of the
roller E' (Figure 20) with its forward edge adjacent to the surface of the platen.
Said guide strip will preferably graduated to form a scale. Said guide strips e¹ are
also secured to the ends of the arms E6; said guide strips being conveniently
inserted between the arms and the ends of guide-strip E8, said strips e extending
forwardly a considerable distance around the periphery of the platen, being bent
to conform to the curvature of the same. Said spring strips e¹ are made of
sufficient width to slightly overlap the ends of the rollers E' and serve to support
the edges of the paper when the same is passed beyond the roller E' and the guide.
strip E. Coil springs e2 (Figure 2) located on the ends of the rod E³ between the
end pieces E¹ and the bars E6 and attached at its opposite ends to said side picces
and bars, tend to swing the lower ends of the bars E toward the platen and to
thereby hold the roller E' yieldingly in contact with the same.
The platen supporting frame-work thus constructed is herein shown as pivotally
and detachably mounted in the carriage D as follows:
The end pieces E' of said frame are adapted for insertion between the frame.
plates D³ of the carriage and the ends of the uppermost rod E2 projecting outside
of said end pieces to form journal bearings, which are adapted to rest in open
slots d, located in the upper edges of the frame plates D³ of the carriage at
points slightly to the rearward of the center line of the machine. The ends of the
platen shaft E also project past the end pieces E' and are adapted for engagement.
with open ended arc-shaped slots d³, which are formed in the frame plates D³ and
arranged concentrically with the lower or bearing ends of the slots d'. Said slots d³
terminate at their lower ends at points in a vertical plane, passing through the
center of the basket, so that when the ends of the platen shaft rests therein the
platen will be supported centrally over the basket. As herein shown the forward
or outer sides of the slots d' are made somewhat longer than their rear or inner.
sides, thereby forming upwardly projecting prongs de in front of the slots against
which the rod E2 will strike when slid forward upon the top of the frame plates, at
which time they will be guided into the said slots d. The open upper ends of the
slots are similarly provided with upwardly and rearwardly directed prongs_d
acting as guides for the ends of the platen shaft E*. In this construction, in order.
to place the platen on the carriage, the ends of the rod E2 and shaft E are placed
upon the upper surface of the frame-plates D³ and are slid forward thereon, until
they strike the prongs de d, when they will be at once guided into the slots in
which they respectively belong. The shaft E' is herein shown as extending at its
ends considerably beyond the frame plates D³ and is provided at its ends with
wheels or disks 3 by which the platen may be conveniently turned or manipulated.
The platen is held in its position above the center of the basket C by a holding
device located on the carriage and adapted to engage the ends of the platen shaft
in such manner as to maintain the same within the lower ends of the slot . Such
holding device, which is also adapted to maintain the platen in its elevated position
by engaging the platen shaft when the same is at the upper ends of said slots, is
constructed as follows:
D indicates a detent lever which is pivotally secured between the ends of the
frame plate D³, outside of the slot d and near the lower end thereof, by a pivot.

page_text: screw d. The rear end of said detent is arranged to engage the front side of
the platen shaft when the latter occupies the lower end of the slot d but the
detent arm is swung on its pivot so that its lower end will drop beneath the lower
part of its slot e and thus rélieve the platen shaft. D' is a second detent lever
which is secured to the frame plate D³ by a pivot-screw d'; said lever being located
opposite the upper portion of the slot ds. The lower end of the detent D overlaps
the forward or upper end of the detent lever D' and the overlapping ends of the
levers are connected so that the lever will move simultaneously by means of a
pin do in one part engaging a slot d¹¹ in the other part. Near its upper end the
detent lever D is provided with an upwardly facing shoulder d", which projects
part way across the slot d' at the time the rear end of the detent lever d' is shifted
or stands opposite the slot. Oscillatory movement of the two levers D* D³ is
limited by a stop pin d¹³, which is secured in the frame plate and engages a short
segmental slot d¹s in the detent lever D'. A leaf spring D is secured to the carriage
frame and exerts a constant pressure on the lower end of the detent lever D³, in
such manner as to throw the ends of such levers across the slot d and into position
to engage the platen shaft. Said spring D, as herein shown, is made of curved or
C-form and is secured at its lower end to the lower horizontal bar of the frame-
plate D and is hooked at its upper end over an outwardly projecting pin or stud d
in the detent lever D'. A finger piece D7 at the upper end of the detent lever D
enables the two detent levers to be rapidly swung clear of the slot d' against the
pressure of said spring DⓇ.
In placing the platen on the carriage the detent levers described are drawn back
far enough to permit the platen shaft to pass the shoulder d¹. After passing said
shoulder the shaft may drop freely to the lower ends of the slots, where the shaft
will be engaged by the rear end of the lower detent lever and in raising the platen,
the detents are withdrawn far enough to release the platen shaft and the latter is
then swung upwardly to a point beyond the shoulder d¹, which latter will be thrown
by the action of the spring beneath said shaft and will hold the platen in its
elevated position until the detents are again withdrawn.
It will, of course, be understood that the swinging movement of the platen
described, is to enable said platen and the paper held thereon to be swung upwardly
and forwardly, so as to bring the line being printed into position for inspection by
the operator.
The platen is provided at one end with a rigidly secured ratchet flange E
through the medium of which the necessary rotation of said platen, required to
move the paper along from line to line is effected. To hold the platen against
rotation while the printing is being accomplished, said ratchet flange is constantly
engaged by a detent spring e, which is secured to one of the end pieces E¹ and
engages said ratchet at its free end. For giving rotary motion to the platen,
devices are provided as follows:
De indicates a reciprocatory horizontal bar, located at the lower edge of the frame
plate D adjacent to the rigid frame E. Said bar in this instance is provided at
its front and rear ends with slots d¹, through which are loosely inserted guide and
supporting studs d" which are secured in the vertical arms d¹s depending from the
frame plate D³. Between its ends the bar is provided with inwardly projecting
lugs d, between which is pivotally mounted a pawl d20, adapted for engagement
with the ratchet flange of the platen. A spring d is applied to act on the pawl,
At its forward ends the bar D8 is
so as to throw it into contact with the ratchet.
provided with an upwardly projecting part D, which is pivotally connected by
means of a link D10 with a swinging lever D". Said lever D" is arranged parallel
to the front bar of the carriage and is pivoted at one end by means of a vertical
pivot pin d to the carriage, and its opposite end is connected with the link D10.
Said lever D is pivoted to the carriage at its end which is at the right hand when
facing the machine, and the lever is provided on its outer face with a projecting
finger piece or handle D, which stands outwardly at right angles thereto and
projects at the front of the frame toward the operator, so that when pressure is

page_text: applied to said finger piece in a direction to move the carriage back to its starting
point or towards the right, the lever will be swung on its pivot and the bar D³ will
be drawn outwardly. Said bar is held in its backward retracted position
by a coiled spring Dis attached to a stud d³ on the bar, and to one of the depending
arms d. The link D10 is shown as bent at right-angles near its outer end so as to
reach the lever D" which is not arranged in exact alignment with the bar D³.
When it is desired to rotate the platen, the lever D1 is swung on its pivot by
means of the handle D" and the reciprocatory bar is thereby thrown forward
against the action of the retracting spring D13 and in the movement of said bar the
pawl 20 will act on the adjacent teeth of the ratchet flange E" and thus impart a
rotary motion to the platen the extent of which will depend upon the extent to
which the bar D8 is moved.
D designates a rotary sleeve which is provided with an enlarged milled head d
and is revolubly secured by means of a pivot stud or screw 25 to the face of the
front carriage bar D', adjacent to the free end of the lever D¹¹. The head of the
sleeve is adapted to project into the path of the free end of the lever D" and forms
a positive stop by which the outward movement of the lever is limited. Said
sleeve is also provided about midway of its length with a stop pin or shoulder d²
which, by the turning of the sleeve, may also be brought into the path of the
lever D and will then restrict the movement of the latter to about half the
distance permitted by the milled head. Ordinarily the parts will be so proportioned
that the movement of the lever D" before striking the milled head of the sleeve
will be sufficient to rotate the platen to the extent of two teeth of the ratchet,
while the movement permitted of the stop 28 will only be sufficient to rotate the
platen to the extent of one tooth of the ratchet. It follows that by turning the
sleeve so as to throw the stop 28 into or out of the path of the lever D" a single
or double space may be secured between the lines as desired. A spring-actuated
pin d is arranged to engage either one of two recesses in the sleeve D to hold
the sleeve from being accidently turned; the said pin having a rounded end to
engage the sleeve so that it will slip out of the recess when some force is applied
to turn the sleeve.
The carriage is maintained under a constant tension, tending to draw it across
the machine, from right to left, by a drum F, which is turned by a carriage
actuating spring. Said drum is located at the left hand side of the machine frame
in the same vertical plane with the rear bar of the carriage frame and is connected
with said bar by means of a flexible strap F¹ which is attached at one end to the
periphery of the drum, and its opposite end to the said bar. Said drum is revolubly
mounted in the usual manner upon a horizontal shaft G, journalled in suitable
bearings g on the inner faces of the frame standards. The shaft is provided with
the usual rigidly attached spring barrel G', which extends into the drum F and to
which the inner end of the coil spring G2 (Figure 11) is secured in a familiar
manner. A suitable key or handle G³ on the end of the spring barrel enables the
shaft G to be turned to give any required degree of tension to the spring. The
shaft is adjusted to hold against rotation under the tension of the spring, by means
of a rigidly attached ratchet wheel G4 (Figure 19) which is controlled by an
ordinary escapement lever H pivoted to the adjacent frame standard in a familiar
manner.
The usual inking ribbon commonly employed in this type of machine is wound
upon drums or spools 11 which are revolubly mounted at opposite sides of the
machine beneath the top plate. The drum I at the left hand side of the machine
is herein shown as loosely mounted upon the shaft G, and is adapted to slide
longitudinally upon the same. The drum at the opposite side of the machine, is
mounted upon a horizontal shaft 13, journalled in bearings secured to the standards
at the right hand side of the machine; said drum being arranged to engage a
feather on said shaft 12, so as to be held from rotation on the shaft.
JJ are sliding frames mounted on guide-rods J', which are arranged beneath
the top-plate, above and parallel with the shafts G and I. Said guide-rods J¹
C.

page_text: The guide frames J,
which are connected
³, which engage the
are supported by depending brackets j from said top-plate.
as more clearly seen in Figure 14, consists of side plates j'
by cross-bars and are provided with bearing apertures
guide-rods J. Said side plates j¹, are also connected by means of L-shaped
guide plates J2, which serve as guides for the ribbon, the upper ends of said
plates extending through transverse slots or openings J in the top-plate of the
machine and resting on borizontal guide-surfaces, which are formed at the inner
sides of said slots or openings in the manner illustrated (Figures 12 and 2). Said
side plates are also extended downwardly in the form of arms or prongs far
enough to engage the outer end surfaces of the drums I I'.
Devices for giving simultaneous endwise movement to the drums, so as to shift
the ribbon sidewise with reference to the type, are provided as follows:-
K is a transversely arranged rock-shaft which extends across the machine frame,
near the base thereof, and which is herein shown as mounted in bearings at the
lower ends of the front standards of the machine. To the opposite ends of said
shaft are secured upwardly extending rigid arms K', to the upper free ends of
which are rigidly attached horizontal sliding bars K2 K2, located in suitable guides
beneath the top-plate outside of sliding frames J. At both sides of the machine
the bars K² have pivotal connection with horizontally oscillating levers K³, which
are arranged parallel with the front of the machine and are pivoted at their upper
ends to the frame plate by means of pivots k, but are connected at their inner or
free ends with the sliding frames J, by means of pivot studs k¹, secured in the
cross bar of said frame, as clearly seen in Figure 10. The bar K³ at one end of
the machine (Figure 1) terminates at the lever K³, but at the opposite end of the
machine (Figures 12 and 13) said bar extends across the machine and terminates
at a point near the drum F, where it is connected with the vertical arm of a bell-
crank lever K, which is pivoted by means of a small stud / to the adjacent frame
standard; said pivoted frame being considerably below the shaft G. The upright
arm of said bell-crank lever is made of considerable length, but the horizontal
arm thereof is much shorter and is engaged with a vertically sliding bar K³, by
means of a pivot pin ko, which engages a slot in the said arm. Said bar K
is shown as mounted to slide vertically on the machine frame through the medium
of vertical slots kek in the lower and upper ends of the bar; the lower slide
engaging a stud k, attached to a bracket 10 on the adjacent frame standard, while
the upper slot 7 engages a stud kl, secured to a depending bracket 12, which is
attached to the under surface of the top plate. The bar K³ is bent or off-set near
its upper end to avoid the shaft C and the bearing thereon. Mounted on said
bar K, below the shaft G, is a pin 13, which is adapted for engagement with
a cam F2, attached to the drum F, which cam is constructed, by its action on
the pink, to give vertical movement to the bar K in one direction; the said pin
being held in contact with the cam by means of a suitably applied and located
spring K.
The cam F2 acting on the bar K³, as described, serves to move said bar vertically,
and such vertical movement of the bar serves to give a longitudinal movement to
the bar K2, which is much greater in extent than the vertical movement of the
bar K, owing to the difference in length between the two arms of the bell-crank
lever K4. The end wise motion of the bar K2 is transmitted directly to the adjacent
sliding frame J' by the lever K³, and indirectly to the sliding frame at the opposite
end of the machine through the medium of the rock-shaft K, the arms K¹ K'
thereon, the bar K³ and the lever K.
By the construction described, as the carriage moves to the left in the usual
step by step manner, when the keys are struck the drums II' and slides J J',
bearing the inking ribbon, will be gradually moved forward and will carry the
iuking ribbon with them, so that the latter will present a new surface to the action
of each succeeding type.
To provide for giving rotary motion to the drum I, a pawl 13 is mounted on the
forward frame of the standard in position for contact with the adjacent end of the

page_text: Irum, and said drums are provided with ratchet teeth to engage said pawl, the
bawl being held in position for engagement with the drum by means of a stop
oin arranged adjacent to its pivot stud I in a familiar manner. As the drum
approaches the forward limit of its movement, the pawl, arranged as described,
will give the drum a slight rotary movement by which the ribbon will be fed along
a short distance, so that in the printing of the succeeding line an entirely new
transverse section of the ribbon will be presented to the action of the type. In
this manner the ribbon will be gradually unwound from the drum I' and wound
upon the drum 1 by a succession of intermediate rotary impulses imparted to the
drum at the end of the longitudinal reciprocation of the latter, so that when it
has been fed along its entire length other portions of the ribbon will have been
exposed to the action of the type. A crank handle on the rear end of the shaft I²
enables the ribbon to be wound upon the drum 1' in the first instance, and to be
rewound upon the same after having been wound upon the drum I by the action of
the machine in the manner stated.
D indicates an adjustable stop for limiting the movement of the carriage toward
the right hand end of the machine, or, in other words, for determining the left
hand margin of the printed page. As herein shown (Figure 22) said stop is
mounted on the front frame bar D' of the carriage, and it consists of a metal block,
having a flange which fits within an elongated slot D in the said frame bar D¹;
a clamping screw D11 being inserted through the said slot and engaging the block to
clamp it in any desired position on the frame bar. At the right hand end the
said block is provided with a downwardly projecting tooth which is adapted to
strike against a stop shoulder D12 on the top-plate of the machine when the end
The exact
of the platen reaches a point adjacent to the center of the basket.
position of the carriage at the limit of its movement will, of course, depend upon
the position to which the stop is adjusted on the bar D', which position may
obviously be varied as desired.
The mechanism herein shown for controlling the feed motion of the carriage
is of that kind known as a variable feed, the same being so constructed that as
the carriage is advanced step by step to bring the paper into position for the
successive action of the types on the paper it is moved through variable distances
to correspond with the varying widths of the type faces; it being understood that
the types carried by the several bars may be of any desired width and may
embrace any desired number of letters, since the invention contemplates a
movement of the carriage by each key a distance corresponding with the space
required by the type actuated by that key. Said spacing mechanism is shown
more clearly in Figures 3, 5, 15, 16 and 17 and is constructed as follows:
L indicates a revolving shaft arranged horizontally at right angles with the path
of the carriage at the rear thereof, said shaft being herein shown as journalled in
bearings attached to the top-plate of the machine, which plate is extended
rearwardly in its part adjacent to the shaft to support said bearings.
shaft L is provided with a gear wheel or pinion L' with a rack L² secured to the
rear bar D2 of the carriage frame, so that end wise movement of the carriage under
pressure of the actuating spring imparts a rotary motion to said shaft.
Said
The rotation of the shaft L is controlled, and the carriage is thereby arrested
after movements through varying distances upon reaction of the several key levers,
through the medium of devices constructed as follows:-L³ designates a ratchet
wheel which is rigidly secured to the rear end of the shaft L and which has its teeth
so directed that those at its top present their abrupt faces toward the side of the
machine toward which the carriage is moved by its actuating spring. M is a vertically
arranged, longitudinally reciprocating bar which is located adjacent to the rear face
of the ratchet wheel. Said bar is supported or guided by means of a yoke M'
attached to the top-plates of the machine, and provided with a horizontal bar
elevated above the said top-plate, which bar is provided with a central guide
notch or recess m in which the upper part of the bar M is held and slides. Said

page_text: bar M is provided at its upper end with a detent projection or tooth m¹ which is
adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel L³ at the top of the same.
N is a swinging detent arm which is pivoted to the inner face of the detent bar M
so as to swing in a plane parallel with the ratchet wheel. Said arm is provided
at its lower end with a detent projection n which extends beneath the ratchet
wheel and is provided with a spring pawl n' adapted for engagement with the
ratchet-wheel teeth. The detent arm N is adapted to swing through an arc at
the lower part of the ratchet-wheel, and preferably at either side of a vertical line
passing through the axis about which the arm oscillates. Said detent projection n
is arranged at such distance, vertically, from the detent tooth m that only one of
said parts can be engaged with the ratchet at a time; the parts being so constructed
that when the detent bar is depressed to bring its tooth m' into engagement with
the ratchet wheel, the pawl n' will be released therefrom and vice versa. Said arm N
is actuated in one direction by means of a spring N2 suitably applied between the
same and the bar N¹. In the particular construction illustrated the spring referred
to has the form of a coiled spring which surrounds the pivot stud N³ of the arm N ;
said pivot stud passing through the har M and being provided at its outer end
with a disc n² which is secured to the shaft and is provided with a series of circum-
ferentially arranged holes in either of which the end of the spring may be
inserted to give a desired tension thereto. The bar M, as shown, (Figure 17) is
provided with an integral sleeve or hub M³ which forms a bearing for the stud N³
and against the end of which the disc n2 is adapted to bear so as to hold the stud
from end wise movement, said disc being fitted over the squared end of the stud
and held thereon by a screw. N₁ inserted in the end of the stud. The coiled
spring N2, in this construction, surrounds the hub M³ between the bar and the
disc n².
The spring N2 tends to turn the arm N in a direction opposite to that in which
it is moved when its pawl 2 is engaged with the ratchet wheel, under the action
of the carriage actuating spring, and said spring N2 is adapted to exert much less
force or pressure on the arm N than is exerted thereon by the said carriage
actuating spring, so that said arm will be held by the action of said carriage spring
normally at the limit of its possible movement in the direction in which the
ratchet-wheel turns in the advance of the carriage. The movement of said arm
in the direction mentioned is limited by a stop herein shown as formed by means
of a bent bar N' attached to the bar N. When the detent arm is released from
the ratchet-wheel by the lowering of the detent-bar M its actuating spring N'
will throw said detent-arm in a reverse direction or away from said stop, until its
movement is arrested by striking au adjacent part of the machine frame. The
oscillatory movement of the arm N under the action of its actuating spring N2 is
limited by a series of movable stops O, O', O2 and O³ located below the path of
the free end of said arm and adapted to be thrown upwardly into the path of said
arm so as to limit the movement thereof at intermediate points in its path. The
stops 0, 0, 0 and 03 have the form of vertically arranged sliding bars which
rest in vertical guide passages o, o', o² and o³ formed in a guide bar or yoke O*,
which is located below the path of the detent arm and is supported at its ends by
attachment to depending lugs o, o secured to the top-plate of the machine.
upwardly projecting arm Os at one end of the yoke O serves as a stationary end
stop to limit the movement of said arm under the operation of its actuating
spring N³ when all of the movable stops are withdrawn. The guide-passages o',
o, o² and o³ are herein shown as formed by vertical grooves in the front face of the
yoke 04, which grooves are covered and the bars confined therein by means of a
front plate O³.
An
The several sliding bars O and O³ constitute stops which limit the forward
movement of the detent bar under the action of its actuating spring and when said
stops are all of them withdrawn, said bar is free to move through its greatest
extent of movement, or until it strikes the end stop o'. The stop bars O to 0³
are arranged at an angular distance apart, referring to the center of movement of

page_text: the oscillating detent bar, corresponding with the angular distance between the
teeth of the ratchet-wheel. Similarly the end stop o is located at an angular
distance in advance of the stop bar 03 equal to one ratchet-tooth.
It follows
that five units of movement, each equal to the one ratchet-tooth, constitutes in this
instance the total possible radial movement of the detent arm N from its place of
rest. The several stop bars O to 03 are severally given end wise movement for
the purpose of presenting them in position to act as a stop for the detent arm,
through the medium of the devices hereinafter described, which are actuated by
the several type-actuating bars B2 when the corresponding keys B are struck.
The pawl m is adapted to yield to permit the backward turning of the ratchet
wheel so as to allow the backward turning of the shaft. This enables the carriage
to be returned to its starting point by the operator, either, when the end of a line
is reached, or at any time desired; the shaft L at such time merely turning
backward as the carriage is moved, without affecting in any way the other parts
of the spacing mechanism. The pawl n' is herein shown as formed in the upper
end of a sliding block located in a guide-recess in the projection n and held in
operative position by a spring n placed in said recess beneath it; the upward
movement of the pawl being limited by a stud n which passes outwardly through a
slot n in the arm, in the manner illustrated in Figures 16 and 17.
The bar M is given vertical reciprocatory movement through the medium of
suitable connections with the keys, whereby each time any one of the keys is
depressed said bar M will also be depressed, and when the key is allowed to rise the
bar will be elevated. Devices for actuating the said bar M are herein shown as made
as follows: P indicates a rock-shaft mounted transversely at the rear part of the
machine frame just above the several reciprocating bars B2. Said rock-shaft is
provided with a rigidly attached depending leaf or blade P', the lower free edge of
which is located in close proximity to the several longitudinal bars B². Each one
of said longitudinal bars is provided at its upper side with a stop pin or projection 68
arranged for contact with the blade D'. A suitable spring P, herein shown, as a
contractable coiled spring, is applied in such manner as to throw the free edge of
the blade P¹ into contact with the projections b on the key-actuating bars. Said
spring is shown (Figures 5 and 6) as attached at one end to a rigid, upwardly
projecting arm on the rock-shaft and at its opposite end to a stationary arm or
bar 6 on the machine frame. To the said rock-shaft is attached a rearwardly
projecting arm P2, which is connected by means of an intermediate bar P³ with the
bar M. A coiled spring P4, attached to the bar N below the top-plate of the
machine and also to said top-plate, as seen in Figure 3, serves to support the weight
of said bar and aids it in holding the blade of the rock-shaft in contact with the
several projections 8. It follows from this construction that when either of the keys
are operated the detent bar M will be moved.
Vertical movement is given to the several stop-bars by means of suitable
connections between the latter and four transverse rock-shafts Q, Q, Q and Q³,
which are mounted in the base of the frame parallel with the rock-shaft P. Each
of said rock-shafts is provided with a depending blade q, q', g² and g³, the lower
edges of which are located in close proximity to the longitudinal bars B2 and engage
projections 60, 61, 612 and 613, thereon. Suitably arranged springs Q are applied
to the several rock-shafts in such manner as to normally press the lower edges of
the blades rearwardly against the front sides of the projections 610, 61, 612 and 13
on said bars B². The said springs Qare in this instance ordinary coiled tension
springs secured at their rear ends to upwardly projecting rigid radial arms q on the
rock-shafts, and at their forward ends to the inwardly projecting arm b³, and
another similar arm on the front base of the machine. The several rock-
shafts Q, QQ, Q are provided with rigid radial arms 98, 998 which are
connected by means of links q, q10, q with the lower or vertical ends of bell-crank
levers R, RR2 (Figure 3). Said bell-crank levers are mounted on a transverse
shaft R' located at the top of the frame base between upwardly projecting flanges
thereon and their horizontal arms are connected with the sliding stop-bars O, 02, 0³,

page_text: by means of connecting rods r, r², and r². The rock-shaft 9', which actuates the
stop-bar O¹, is provided with a horizontal, rigid arm Q which is directly connected
with said stop bar by a vertical rod 3, for a purpose hereinafter stated. Each of
the rock-shafts Q to Q3 is actuated by a limited number of key-actuating bars B
and each one of said bars is provided with one, or, in some cases, two stop-projections
so that the same bar will give motion to one, or in some instances two, of said
rock-shafts, it being understood that the stop-projection shown in Figure 5 represent
those nearest the eye of the several rows of pins, of which only one or two are
attached to the same bar.
From the construction described it will be seen that the shaft L will be held from
turning under the pressure of the carriage actuating spring by engagement of the
ratchet either with the detent m¹ or the pawl n', and that when the pawl n' is
engaged with the ratchet wheel the turning of the latter will be prevented by contact
of the detent arm N with the stop-arm N¹, as seen in Figure 3. It will be further
seen that when the pawl is engaged with the ratchet wheel and the arm B is in contact
with the stop arm N', if the bar M be depressed to release the pawls n¹ and engage
the detent tooth m' with the ratchet wheel, the detent arm will be swung by the
spring until arrested by contact of one of the stop-bars 0 to 03 or by contact with
the end-stop 9. The extent of angular movement of the detent arm under the
action of the spring will obviously depend upon which one of the stop-bars may be
lifted at the time. As the said stop-bars and the end stop 05 are separated
from each other by angular distances each equal to the length of one of the ratchet
teeth measured in degrees, it follows that the detent arm will be turned an angular
distance of one, two three or more teeth, according to the stop-bar which is then
projected into the path of the said arm, or in case the said bars shall have been
withdrawn according to the distance from the stop-bar N¹ to the end-stop o.. The
tooth m¹ also stands in fixed relation to the several stop-bars and the end-stop, so
that whenever the bar N is depressed the said teeth will engage and hold the
ratchet-wheel in the same position in which it was held by the stop-bar or end-stop.
It follows that when one of the stop-bars is lifted in position to arrest movement of
the arm N the depression of the bar M will release said arm and allow the latter
(which had theretofore been held from turning by its engagement with the ratchet-
wheel) to swing back and thus carry its pawl no into position for engagement of
another tooth of the ratchet, the movement of the arm being through a distance
equal to the angular distance of the stop-bar which is then in position to arrest the
arm from the starting point of said arm, such starting point being the position at
which it stands when released.
Consequently, when the detent tooth and the pawl are vibrated by the successive
operations of the keys, the shaft L will be caused to revolve intermittingly or by a
step-by-step movement by the force of the carriage actuating spring, and the extent
of such movement of the shaft and the corresponding movement of the carriage
will be determined by the extent to which the detent-arm has been previously
allowed to turn on the detent bar by the action of the spring N2 before having its
movement arrested by one of the stop-bars or by the end-stop o³. The forward
movement of the carriage and the attendant rotary movement of the shaft, of
course, takes place immediately after and in consequence of the retraction of the
detent tooth from engagement with the ratchet-wheel, or, in other words, upon the
release of the key from pressure. Each time the shaft is thus turned by the action
of the carriage actuating spring, the spring N2 which turns the detent arm must, of
course, be under its maximum tension, to which end it must be of such proportionate
strength that it may be readily over-come by the force of the carriage actuating
spring, while sufficiently strong to promptly turn the said arm the greatest distance
the latter may require to be moved.
In order that the device may be operated with as little power as practicable
I prefer to arrange the stop-bar which causes an extent of feed motion common to
the greatest number of keys so that it will occupy normally or usually an elevated
position, or will commonly stand in the path of the arm N, so that movement of

page_text: that particular stop-bar will be unnecessary except when the arm needs to pass it
for reaching other stop-bars, in which case said normally elevated bar will be
depressed. Inasmuch as, in a machine having five units of movement, the unit
common to the greatest number of types will be that of two units, the stop-bars O*
which affords two units of movement, is herein shown as arranged to stand normally
elevated so that the arm N will always strike this bar unless the stop-bar O be
elevated, or unless the bar O¹ be depressed and either the bars 02, 0³ or the
stationary stop O be brought into action. The withdrawal of the two unit stop-
bar O instead of its advancement is accomplished by its direct connection of the
rock-shaft Q with the said stop-bar, as hereinbefore described, whereby said stop-
bar O' will be withdrawn through a movement of the key-actuating bars B² in the
same direction by which the other stop-bars are elevated.
Inasmuch, however, as the withdrawal of the two unit space stop bar O¹ is
needed at the same time that the stop-bars O2 and 03 are elevated, it follows that
all of the type-actuating bars, B2, which are constructed to actuate the said stop-
bars 2 and 3 must also be arranged to actuate the stop-bar 01, and all of the bars
which operate the stop-bars 02 and 03 will therefore be provided with two stop-
projections for engagement of the blades of two-rock-shafts, one of said stop-
projections, in the case of each key, serving to actuate and depress the stop-bar O¹
while the other actuates and elevates a stop-bar 02 or 03. Moreover, inasmuch as
the withdrawal of the stop-bar ()' is necessary to enable the arm N to reach the
end-stop o for giving the greatest extent of feed movement, it follows that the
actuating bars B2 of all the types requiring the greatest extent of feed must have
a stop projection engaging the flange of the rock-shaft A' which serves to give
motion to the two-unit space stop-bar O¹.
It will further be understood that the number of stops, or stop-bars and the
number of rock-shafts for actuating the same may be increased or decreased to
provide for a greater or less number of type groups, and it follows that the machine
may be provided with type characters or words of any desired width, it being only
necessary to add a stop bar and actuating device therefor for each additional width
of type to be provided for.
In order to enable the carriage to be released from the control of the automatic
feed mechanism when it is desired to move the carriage by hand, as for instance, in
inserting a letter in place of an erased one, I have provided a device as follows:
N2 is a lever which is pivoted to the rear of and adjacent to the free end of the
detent arm N and adjacent to the face of the yoke O*. Said lever is arranged to
swing in a vertical plane and normally stands in an approximately horizontal
position. Near its free end it is provided with an arm or dog N³ so located as to
come in contact with a part of or attached to the pawl n', in this instance it being
arranged for contact with the screw stud 1,6. The dog N³ is herein shown as
attached to an upwardly extending portion of the lever N2, but it may be attached
in any desired manner to said lever provided it be located in position to engage the
pawl n to shift the position of the same. The free end of the lever N2 is connected
with a vertically sliding rod N4, which passes through the top-plate of the machine
and is provided at its upper end with a button N, by which the rod may be.
actuated. A spring N is suitably applied to the rod N to hold it and the free end
of the lever N2 in an elevated position. As herein shown, the spring N° is a coiled
spring placed between the buiton N and the top plate, but it may be otherwise
arranged if desired. The actuating arm N³ of the lever N is held by the
spring Ne normally above and free from contact with the stud n at the time the
frame N is in contact with the stop-arm N1, this being the position which it maintains
at times when the machine is at rest, as seen in Figures 3 and 15. If, when the
parts are in this position, the lever N2 be depressed by pressing downwardly on the
button, the pawl n' will be released from the ratchet wheel and the latter will then
be free to turn, so that the carriage may be moved back and forth by hand freely
and without restriction. When the carriage has been brought to a desired point

page_text: release of pressure on the button No will allow the lever N' to rise and thus permit
the re-engagement of the pawl with the ratchet-wheel.
It will be noted that the part herein termed the pawl n¹ does not in the usual
operation of the feeding device perform the function of a pawl as that term is
commonly used, but that it acts merely as the detent or pallet of an escape
mechanism to control the advance movement of the ratchet; acting as a pawl only
when the ratchet is turned backward in the hackward movement of the carriage.
If, therefore, said pawl be not required to enable the carriage to be moved back-
ward, said pawl need not be movable, but would then form merely a stationary
projection on the swinging arm N.
As an improved means of mounting the several pivot rods for the bell-crank
levers, the rock-shafts and the cross-bars which support the key actuating bars in
the machine frame base, I provide within said base a separate or auxiliary frame,
consisting of side pieces A and a rear-cross piece A' preferably made integral with
each other; the same being constructed to fit closely within and against the side
and rear walls of the frame base A. The hell-crank pivot-rods are attached
directly to the side pieces A while the rock-shafts are mounted in suitable bearing
apertures therein. The cross-bars which support the key-actuating bars are
attached to the lower edges of said pieces A°, preferably by means of depending
projections on the side pieces, which are employed in order to avoid making the
side pieces unduly wide and heavy. As a means of detachably securing the inner
frame to the base A said inner frame and base is shown as provided with inwardly
projecting lugs a' and as, through which are inserted holding bolts or screws a³.
The employment of such inner or auxiliary frame as a support for the several
working parts within the frame base has the important advantage of enabling all
of said parts to be removed from the frame for adjustment and repairs, while
greatly facilitating the original construction and assembling of the parts.
I have herein shown an alarm bell actuating mechanism the same being
illustrated in Figure 22 and made as follows: R indicates a bell which is supported
beneath the top-plate at the front of the machine by means of a bracket R¹ and
S indicates a bell-hammer lever arranged vertically and pivoted at s beneath the
top-plate, with its short upper arm s¹ extending above the top-plate at the rear of
the front bar D¹ of the carriage frame. Secured to said bar is an adjustable
block S¹ carrying a swinging trip-dog S2 which depends from the block in such
position as to strike the upper end s¹ of the hammer lever as the carriage moves
from right to left. Said dog S2 being pivoted at the right hand side of the
block S and is adapted to bear at its right hand side against an abutting surface
or shoulder thereof, so that the dog is prevented from swinging from its vertical
position toward the right, but is perfectly free to swing in the opposite direction or
toward the left so that it will pass over the bell-hammer lever in the backward
movement of the carriage. Said block S¹ is adjustably secured to the front bar of
the carriage frame by means of a slot D1 on said bar into which fits a flange or
projection on the block, the block being adjustably secured in the desired position
by means of a thumb-screw D18 inserted through the slot from the front face of the
carriage and therefore in a convenient position for the hand of the operator.
Adjustment of the sliding block S¹ and a trip dog thereon obviously enables the
action of the alarm-bell to be controlled in accordance with the width of the paper
on which the printing is being done. The bell-hammer is in this instance actuated
solely by gravity, but the hammer may be a spring actuated one with the same
result as far as operation of the tripping device is concerned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a type writer, the combination with vertically movable keys and pivoted
type carrying bars, of connections between the same comprising longitudinally

page_text: arranged end wise reciprocating bars, bell crank levers beneath the keys, said bell
crank levers having horizontal arms with which the keys are connected and
vertical arms which are attached to the said longitudinal bars, other bell crank
levers located beneath the type carrying bars, the same being provided with
vertical arms which are connected with said longitudinal bars and horizontal arms
by which motion is transmitted to the type carrying bars and links which connect
the said horizontal arms of the last named bell crank levers with the type carrying
bars, substantially as described.
2. In a typewriter, the combination with the keys and with type carrying hars
rigidly mounted in circular succession, of depending links pivotally attached to said
bars, transverse rods arranged horizontally beneath the bars and links, bell crank
levers pivotally mounted on said rods in groups and pivotally attached to the
super-jacent links, said links being adapted to normally stand with their body
portions vertical and having their lower ends bent to engage said levers, recipro-
catory longitudinal bars pivotally attached to the opposite ends of said levers, and
other bell crank levers connecting the reciprocatory bars with the key stems,
substantially as described.
3. A type writer having a horizontal basket ring supported on its frame, vertical
flanges depending from said ring and arranged at angles to radial lines of the. ring,
type carrying bars provided with pintles which are mounted in groups between
said flanges, each of said flanges affording bearings for the adjacent ends of the
pintles of two adjacent groups, the pintles in each group being arranged in
different horizontal planes and at different angles relatively to the plates on which
they are mounted and the type bars being bent so as to bring their free ends to the
center of the basket when they are raised, substantially as described.
4. In a typewriter, the combination with the main frame of a carriage mounted
to slide upon said frame, bearing slots in the upper edges of the end frames of the
carriage, open ended curved slots in said end frames arranged concentrically with
the bearing slots a cylindric platen the shaft of which is adapted to enter said
curved slots, side pieces pivotally mounted on the platen shaft, and a transverse
rod rigidly connecting the upper ends of said side pieces and projecting beyond the
same to normally rest within the bearing slots when the platen shaft is in
engagement with the curved slots, substantially as described.
5. The combination with the reciprocating carriage of a typewriter, the end
frames of said carriage being provided in their upper edges with bearing slots and
with open ended curved slots formed concentric with the bearing slots, of a cylindric
platen the shaft of which is adapted to enter the curved slots, side pieces pivotally
mounted on the platen shaft, pivots projecting from the upper ends of said side
pieces and adapted to rest in the bearing slots when the platen shaft is engaged
with the curved slots, and a holding device or detent on the side frames of the
carriage adapted to engage the platen shaft so as to normally maintain the same
at the inner end of the curved slot, substantially as described.
6. In a
typewriter, the combination with the reciprocatory carriage having
bearing slots in the upper edges of its end. frames and open ended curved slots
concentric with the bearing sluts, of a cylindric platen the shaft of which is adapted
to enter the curved slots, side pieces pivotally mounted on said platen shaft and
provided at their upper ends with pivots adapted to rest in the bearing slots when
the platen shaft is in engagement with the curved slots, and a detent mounted on
the side frame of the carriage and adapted to normally engage and sustain the
platen shaft when the latter is lifted to the upper end of the curved slots,
substantially as described.
7. In a typewriter, the combination with the reciprocatory carriage having
bearing slots in the upper edges of its end frames and open ended curved slots, of
a cylindric platen the shaft of which is adapted to enter the curved slots, side
pieces pivotally mounted on said platen shaft and provided with pivots adapted to
rest in the bearing slots when the platen shaft is in engagement with the curved
slots, and detents mounted on the side frame of the carriage and adapted to hold
D

page_text: the platen in its elevated and depressed position, and connections between said
detents whereby motion is transmitted from one to the other, substantially as
described.
8. In a type writer the combination with a reciprocating paper carriage of a
cylindric platen removably journaled on said carriage and provided at its end with
a ratchet flange, an endwise reciprocatory bar mounted on the carriage adjacent to
said ratchet flange and provided with a pawl, yieldingly engaging said flange and
a lever pivoted to the front of the carriage and extending outwardly therefrom in
a direction at right angles to the path of the carriage, said lever being connected
with the reciprocatory bar by means of a link which is pivoted to the lever at a
point at one side of its pivotal axis whereby sidewise pressure on the lever for
actuating the carriage will move the said reciprocatory bar and turn the platen,
substantially as described.
9. In a type writer the combination with a reciprocating carriage of a cylindric
platen journaled in the carriage and provided with a ratchet flange and a recipro-
cating bar mounted on the carriage adjacent to the ratchet flange and provided
with a pawl which yieldingly engages said flange, a lever pivoted to the front of
the carriage and projecting outwardly from the same in a direction at right angles
with the path of the carriage, a link connecting the said lever with said bar, said
link being pivoted to the lever at a point at one side of the pivotal axis of the
same and means for variably limiting the throw of the bar, comprising a rotary
sleeve located on the carriage adjacent to the free end of the lever and provided
with stops against one or the other of which the lever is adapted to strike,
according to the position of the sleeve, substantially as described.
10. As a means of controlling the feed motion of a typewriting machine, a
ratchet wheel which is given motion by the paper carriage, a detent bar recipro-
cating transversely with relation to the ratchet wheel and provided with a detent
tooth engaging the wheel at one side of the latter, a spring-actuated, oscillatory
detent arm pivoted to said bar and adapted to engage the said wheel at the
opposite side thereof, a plurality of separately movable stops adapted to limit the
movement of the said detent arm with relation to the detent bar, and operative
connections between the keys and said detent bar and stops for actuating the
same, substantially as described.
11. As a means for controlling the feed motion of a type writing machine of that
class in which motiou is transmitted from the keys to the types through the
medium of end wise reciprocatory key-actuating bars, a ratchet-wheel which is
given motion by the paper carriage, an endwise reciprocating detent bar moving
transversely with relation to the ratchet wheel and provided with a detent tooth
engaging the wheel at one side of the latter, an oscillatory, spring-actuated detent
arm pivoted to said bar and adapted to engage the said wheel at the opposite side
thereof, an end wise sliding stop-bar, a rock-shaft mounted transversely of the key
actuating bars and provided with a wing which is engaged with each of the last
named bars, said rock-shaft having an arm which is pivoted to the detent-bar,
another rock-shaft for actuating the stop-bar provided with a wing adapted for
contact with projections on said key-actuating bars and a bell-crank lever
connecting the last named rock-shaft with the said stop-bar, substantially as
described.
12. As a means for controlling the feed motion of a type-writing machine, a
ratchet-wheel actuated by the paper carriage, a detent bar reciprocating transversely
with relation to the ratchet-wheel and provided with a detent-tooth engaging the
wheel at one side of the latter, a spring-actuated oscillatory detent arm pivoted to
said bar, a spring pawl mounted on said arm and adapted to engage the said wheel
at the side thereof opposite the detent-tooth, a plurality of separately movable
stops to limit the movement of the detent arm, and a spring actuated releasing dog
located in position to engage said spring-pawl when the detent arm is at the rear-
ward limit of its movement, said dog being provided with a finger-piece for moving
the same, substantially as described.

page_text: 13. The combination with type-bars and supporting brackets therefor, of hollow
rock-shafts attached to the type-bars and bearing-pivots inserted through
said brackets and shafts and having screw-threaded engagement with one of the
said brackets, said shafts extending between and having end bearing against the
inner faces of said brackets, substantially as described.
14. The combination with sliding ribbon-spools and sliding frames engaged
therewith, of a carriage-spring drum, and cam attached thereto, a vertically sliding
bar provided with a pin engaging said cam, and a bell-crank lever having a
horizontal arm engaged with said vertically sliding bar and a vertical arm which
is connected with and actuates said sliding frames, substantially as described.
15. The combination with sliding ribbon-spcols and sliding frames engaged'
therewith, of a horizontal rock-shaft having rigid arms connected with said frames,.
a carriage-spring drum, a cam on the same, a vertically sliding bar provided with
a pin engaging the cam and a bell-crank lever having a horizontal arm which is.
connected with said bar and a vertical arm connected with one of the arms on the
rock-shaft, substantially as described.
16. The combination with end wise sliding ribbon-spools, sliding frames engaging
the same, levers that swing in horizontal planes and engaging the sliding frames,
transversely arranged, horizontal, slide-bars connected with the said levers, con-
nection between said slide-bars by which they move together a carriage-drum, a
cam attached to the drum, a vertically sliding bar provided with a pin engaging.
said cam and a bell-crank lever having a horizontal arm which engages said
vertically sliding bar and a vertical arm which is connected with one of said.
horizontal slide-bars, substantially as described.
Dated this 4th day of Anril 1906
CHARLES SOUTHWICK ELLIS.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Br
P9
BRC B
-B³
32
-98
04
CR
H

page_text: .
ign
776
B
B
BC
10.
CP
3C2