Improvements in Rolling Rings of Metal having Channelled Cross Sections and in the Rolls therefor.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Rolling Rings of Metal having Channelled Cross
Sections and in the Rolls therefor.
I, WILFRED CARRIER, of 46, Oxford Street, in the City of Sheffield, Rolling Mill
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates more particularly to the manufacture of rings for the tyres
of vehicles having a channel shaped cross section with undercut sides for the purpose
of holding and securing rubber tyres or tyres of other elastic substance.
Such tyres have usually been turned into rings from bars of finished material, and
the ends then welded together, but owing to the sectional configuration, the welding
process is a difficult affair and the result not very satisfactory.
In carrying out my invention I construct a pair of rolls preferably supported in
three housings, one being in the centre or thereabouts, to permit the bearing at one
end to be removed from under the roll without other support.
The rolls are turned with gates or grooves of suitable sections gradually leading up
to the finished form; and in order to bring the rolls into the exact relative position
required. I use a collar of large diameter upon one roll and a correspondingly deep
groove in the other roll which in use are never raised out of gear and act as guides
when the top roll is lowered to position.
I prefer to raise and lower the roll and apply the requisite pressure upon the ring
when under operation by hydraulic power, but I may use the ordinary housing screws
or other means for this purpose.
I first form a ring of steel, or other material from which the tyre is to be formed,
of an oblong cross section, and heat it to the desired degree, I then remove the end
bearing from under the bottom roll and raise the top roll, and place the ring over the
roll into the first gate and having replaced the bearing, which is constructed to enable
this to be done rapidly, I proceed to roll the first section.
The top roll is then quickly raised and the ring passed into the next gate, and so
on until the ring is finished in the last gate, when the bearing is again removed, the
top roll raised and the ring withdrawn.
The rings before rolling may be made by welding the ends together, or they may
be made out of the solid.
Suitable guides are used to keep the rings circular and true on the sides, and I
find that for ordinary sizes of dovetailed, or channelled, or undercut sections four
gates are sufficient, but I do not bind myself to this number.
D11
0011
ן.
1000

page_text: Improvements in Rolling Rings of Metal having Channelled Cross
Sections and in the Rolls therefor.
I, WILFRED CARRIER, of 46, Oxford Street, Sheffield, Yorkshire, Rolling Mill
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the manufacture of metal rings of channelled cross section
whether having parallel or outward or inward bent or curved sides, such, for example,
as tyres for the wheels of cabs, carriages and other vehicles, the sides serving for
holding the edges of pneumatic or other elastic tyres or tyre covers applied thereto,
the main object of the invention being to manufacture such rings or tyres entire or
in an endless annular form either from annular ingots or from previously welded
entire rings, so as to avoid the subsequent process of welding which has been hitherto
necessary when such tyres have been formed from rolled bars of finished material
by turning such bars into rings and welding the ends together, the welding process
then being difficult to perform, owing to the sectional configuration of the parts, and
the result being unreliable.
To this end, the invention consists in a rolling mill characterized by having a pair
of rolls adapted to gradually shape an endless cylindrical metal ring to the required
channelled formation; three sets of housings two of which support the lower roll at
all times and all of which serve to guide the upper roll; an adjustable end bearing
which aids in supporting the lower roll when the apparatus is in operation, but, when
not supporting the roll, permits of access being obtained to between the rolls end ways
from the unsupported end of the lower roll; means of raising and lowering the upper
roll relatively to the lower roll to permit of the placement and adjustment of the
tyre-ring between and of its removal from between the rolls and serving to cause the
required pressure; and adjustable means of guiding the tyre-rings both laterally and
peripherally while being rolled so as to prevent them from being malformed and to
ensure their being rolled of the exact diameter required; the whole co-operating to
attain the stated object.
On the accompanying drawings;-
Figure 1, represents the improved rolling mill in end elevation;
Fig. 2, represents the same in side elevation, showing the driving gear;
Fig. 3, represents a sectional elevation through A—B, Fig. 2;
Fig. 4, represents, on a larger scale, a part side elevation of the rolls removed from
their housings, and shows the process of shaping the tyre rings; and
Figs. 5, and 6, are, respectively, side and end elevations of a modification..
a, and b, respectively represent the lower and the upper rolls which are corre-
spondingly turned with forming grooves or gates, x, x1, x2, and with a finishing
groove or gate, 23, (Fig. 4,) the forming gates being adapted to gradually reduce the
thickness of the tyre-ring, y, and to raise the central part and the edges of the ring
in relation to the intermediate parts, and the finishing gate being adapted to flatten
down the raised central part of the ring and to consequently cause the peripheral edges
to become parallel or to be outbent or outcurved, or to be inbent or incurved, as
represented in Fig. 4. The rolls are also formed with co-acting collars, a', ',
(Fig. 2,) adapted to keep in constant engagement so as to maintain the exact
engagement of the rolls both when they are in working position and when the upper
roll is raised.
The lower roll is supported and guided on each side of the collar engaging
parts, a, b, of the rolls and between such parts of the rolls and the parts thereof in
which the forming and finishing gates are formed, by housings, d, e, and the end of

page_text: the part of such roll overhanging the housing, d, is made with a short neck, a², and
is supported when the mill is in operation by a bearing, k, which, when the mill is
not in operation, is removable from such roll end, when the housing, e, aids in
counterbalancing the overhanging weight of the roll.
The upper roll is guided by the housings, d, e, and by a housing, c, which is
connected to the housing, d, by a cross-head, m, which supports a hydraulic pressure
cylinder, h, and a hydraulic return cylinder, i, the pressure ram, h¹, being connected
to the return ram, i¹, by cross bars, h², 2, and connecting rods, n, and the cross
bar, 2, spanning between the housings, c, d, and supporting the upper roll journal
bearings, h, which are guided by such housings so that the upper roll can be raised
and lowered as required.
The pressure cylinder, h, and its ram are actuated by a valve, j, and valve lever, j',
the water being led to the cylinder by a pipe, j, and to the return cylinder, i, by a
pipe, j³, the pressure upon the return ram being constant and not controlled by the
lever and being overcome by the pressure on the ram, h, when the roll, b, is being
depressed. The upper roll may, however, be raised and lowered by ordinary housing
screws.
The bearing, k, is removable from the neck, a², of the lower roll endways in order
to allow of the endless ring of which the tyre is formed being passed over the end
of such roll and between it and the upper roll, on the latter being sufficiently
raised. The adjustment of the bearing, k, may be effected by a rack, , rack
pinion, 2, and lever, 3; or by a hydraulic cylinder; or by such means as are illus-
trated in Figs. 5, and 6, in which the bearing, k, is pivoted on a suitably supported
stud, k, and is moved into and out of position by a hand lever, ; or by any other
suitable means.
While being rolled, the tyres are located in the desired relation to the rolls, so as
to be caused to keep a truly circular periphery and to be prevented from lateral
malformation, by opposite guides each consisting of a pair of parallel plates, l, fitted
with two or more freely turning rollers, , and located in right-angled relation to the
roll axes on studs, 2, supported by the housing, d, and which guides can be readily
set in any desired relation to the tyre encircling the lower roll, according to its
diameter or to the various diameters it assumes while being rolled, by worn-wheel
segments, 3, operated by worm wheels, l', on a shaft, 5, actuated by a hand wheel, 1º,
or by a hydraulic cylinder with suitable stops for the various diameters of rings or by
any other suitable means, the plates, l, serving to guide the tyres in right-angled
relation to the axes of the rolls and to prevent the same from lateral buckling, and
the rollers,, serving to keep the tyres perfectly circular.
In producing the tyres, I firstly form an endless cylindrical ring of steel or other
suitable metal and heat it sufficiently to be rolled, and then, successively, pass it over
the end neck, a², of the roll, a, to between the rolls, a, b, and into the first gate, x,
thereof; shift the bearing, k, into position to support the lower roll neck; lower the
upper roll into working position and roll the first section; raise the upper roll and
shift the partly rolled tyre into the second gate, al; lower the upper roll and roll
the second section; and so on; also locating the tyre ring between the plates, l, and
rollers, ', of the opposite guides when shifting it to the last or finishing gates, 2, 23,
after which, the upper roll is again raised and the bearing, k, shifted from the neck
of the lower roll, when the formed tyre is ready, and may, while still hot, be
immediately applied to the wheel for which it is intended.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
(1) In a rolling mill, in combination, a pair of upper and lower rolls adapted to
roll an endless cylindrical metal ring to a channelled section and having co-acting
collars serving to keep the rolls in true engagement, three sets of housings serving
to guide the upper roll two of which serve to support the lower roll with a part of
the latter overhanging and one of which two serves to counterbalance the overhanging

page_text: part of the roll, an adjustable bearing serving to support the end of the overhanging
part of the lower roll when in operation and removable therefrom when not in
operation, means of moving the bearing to and from its roll supporting position,
means of raising and lowering the upper roll relatively to the lower roll, and adjust-
able means of guiding the tyre ring both laterally and peripherally in relation to the
rolls, as set forth.
(2) In a rolling mill having upper and lower rolls adapted to roll an endless
cylindrical metal ring to a channelled section and to keep in true engagement and
means of raising the upper roll, in combination, a lower roll having its rolling or
forming end overhanging its supporting housings, an adjustable bearing adapted to
support the end of the overhanging part of the roll when in operation and removable
therefrom when not in operation, and means of moving the bearing to and from its
roll supporting position, as set forth.
(3) In a rolling mill having upper and lower rolls adapted to roll an endless
cylindrical metal ring to a channelled section and to keep in true engagement and
means of raising the upper roll, in combination, a lower roll having its rolling or
forming end overhanging its supporting housings, an adjustable bearing adapted to
support the end of the overhanging part of the roll when in operation and removable
therefrom when not in operation, means of moving the bearing to and from its roll
supporting position, and opposite adjustable plate and roller guides located in right-
angled relation to the roll axes and serving to guide the rings both laterally and
peripherally while being rolled, as set forth.
(4) The method of forming metal rings or tyres of channelled section consisting in
rolling the same entire or in an endless annular form in a rolling mill adapted to
gradually shape the endless ring to the required section, as set forth.
Dated this 11th day of May 1800
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.