A NEW MACHINERY TO BE WITH MILLSTONES FOR BOLTING DIRECTLY THE EMPLOYED IN CONNEXION Propuma
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Aubin, Miller, of Boulevard de Strasbourg,
No. 23, Paris, for the Invention of "A NEW MACHINERY TO BE
WITH MILLSTONES FOR BOLTING DIRECTLY THE
EMPLOYED IN CONNEXION
Propuma
An "
Sealed the 1st February 1876, and dated the 5th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jules Aubin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th August 1875.
I, JULES AUBIN, Miller, of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH MILLSTONES FOR BOLTING
DIRECTLY THE PRODUCTS OF THE GRINDING OF WHEAT," to be as follows:-
With the system of bolting mill of which I am the Inventor, and
which I patented several years ago, I succeeded in separating the flour
from the bran in proportion to its production by causing it to pass
across metallic tubes arranged for this purpose in the body of the mill

page_text: itself. By thus bolting directly the product of the grinding on its exit
from the mill I obtain great advantages, and among others the reduction
if not the suppression, if desired, of the numerous boltings and re-
grindings to which the products are usually subjected. Pursuing the
same order of ideas, I have asked myself if it were not possible to
utilize for the direct bolting of the products of the grinding certain parts
of the apparatus which constitute a pair of grindstones, and such is the
object of my present Invention.
To effect the proposed object my attention is principally directed to
the part which is called by millers the hoop or band (entourage ou
contretourure). The hoop (entourage) is the framing of wood or iron.
which surrounds the fixed stone, and upon which the flour and the bran
thrown by centrifugal force fall before proceeding to the shoot, from
whence they pass into the receivers. I make this framing hollow
instead of solid, and I provide it with a metal cloth so as to form a
bolting crown or zone around the fixed stone. The application of this
metallic cloth upon the hollowed framing constitutes one of the
principal features of my new system, and permits the product of the
grinding to be sifted immediately upon their escape from the fixed stone,
and thus effect direct bolting by a circumferential arrangement of which
no one has hitherto thought.
The function of bolter which I add to the framing cannot effect a
sufficiently complete bolting. I can complete it by arranging beneath
the fixed stone one or several sifting plates also covered by a metallic
cloth, and intended to rebolt the coarse flour and to extract the
morsels of bran and the unsifted flour which may have escaped
through.
I facilitate the bolting of the flour in my new sifters by imparting to
them a slight tremulous or sifting movement by the aid of cams and
hammers or other organs of percussion.
For the installation of my new system it is necessary to form around
and above the fixed stone a bolting chamber. This chamber can be
formed by a cast-iron socket or cage, which supports the fixed stone.
The socket should be of a diameter sensibly greater than that of the
mill, in order to leave the largest annular interval possible for the cir-
cumferential bolting. It must also be sufficiently high in order to form

page_text: beneath the mill a chamber capable of lodging the sifting plates and
the mechanism of the sifting motion.
Such are the general characteristics of my new arrangement for
direct bolting. It can be applied to the bolting mills of my old
arrangement.
It is the application of my Invention to the solid stones which I
proceed to describe by way of example.
The whole of the apparatus is enclosed in a sort of cage or cylindrical
envelope forming a socket, which is of cast iron, and compresses two
rows of openings. The first are closed by doors opening upon hinges.
Above the socket is placed the cap (tourure), a sort of crown of wood,
which carries the drum, made of wood and pierced with an upper
opening for the passage of the feed hopper. Around the fixed stone,
some centimetres lower than the runner, is the hoop, which I utilize for
the circumferential bolting. With this object the hoop is formed of
two circles united by stays, thus forming a hollow crown. To facilitate
the placing and repairs I divide this crown into eight segments united
by mortices and tenons. The upper side of this crown is provided with
a metallic cloth, which receives the products of the grinding proceeding
from the periphery of the millstones. In the middle of each segment
is a stay under which is fixed a rod of iron terminated by a square
head.
In proximity to the rod of each segment is arranged a hammer, the
lever of which is jointed at the lower part to a stirrup fixed by a bolt
to the cast-iron envelope. Each hammer is successively actuated by
cams fixed to a ring on a cross bar mounted upon a sleeve of cast iron
animated with a rapid rotary motion.
The hammers raised by the cams come to strike upon the heads of
the rods, and thus impart a slight tremulous motion to the metallic
cloth of the hoop. This sifting movement aids the bolting of the pro-
ducts of the grindings upon the cloth, which allows the flour and some
fine particles of bran to pass. The bran remaining upon the cloth
escapes away through the shoot.
The drawing of the products of grinding upon the sifters of the hoop
is facilitated by little brushes arranged tangentially and attached to a
ring fixed by means of bolts at the bottom of the runner.
This ring can

page_text: also carry a metallic cloth which will cover the products of grinding
circulating upon the hoop.
The friction of the brushes upon the circumferential frame produces
a vibration, which can in certain cases dispense with the employment of
hammers for the movement of the sifters.
The flour falling through the cloth is received upon a wooden plat-
form. This platform is sustained against the partitions of the envelope.
which it closes hermetically by the little supports of angle iron, and in
its centre by an armed sleeve of cast iron, in which the principal sleeve
turns with a slight friction. Upon this platform the flour is collected
and led to a shoot by rakes carried by an armed sleeve keyed upon the
principle sleeve. The teeth of the rakes are arranged obliquely so as
to always repel the flour from the centre of the apparatus towards the
periphery.
The rakes for the flour and the cross bar carrying the cams for the cir-
cumferential bolting are attached to the principal sleeve of cast iron.
This sleeve receives its movement of rotation from an exterior pulley by
a strap passing through one of the lower openings of the envelope, and
round a pulley with wheels keyed upon the said sleeve.
The supports of the fixed stone consist, as usual, of strong bolts
traversing the envelope and the cast-iron circumference of the wheel,
and of brackets forming a body with the envelope, and sustaining
the mill by means of screws which can serve to regulate its level.
The large shaft of the runner is put in motion by distinct gearing;
it traverses the sleeve and turns with a slight friction upon a bronze
cushion placed in the centre of the basin. Its head, terminated with a
point, receives the cross bars of the runner upon which the feed hopper
rests.
The hollowing at the centre of the millstones is hormetically closed
by a cap in the form of a cone, the summit of which surrounds the eye,
and the base of which rests upon the fixed stone.
Instead of being placed upon a socket of cast iron, forming a chamber
hermetically closed, the fixed stone can be placed upon a cast-iron shaft
or pillar of masonry placed in the centre.
A space could also be left around the stone, and a partition in wood 3
forming a circular chamber established, in which the flour coming

page_text: As I have already said I can arrange under the fixed stone one or
more sifting plates to re-bolt the flour falling from the circumferential
sifter. These plates, which could be fixed or turning, receive a little
movement of sifting by means of hammers or pressure friction.
filed by the said Jules Aubin in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULES
AUBIN, Miller, of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Jules Aubin, Her special license
that I, the said Jules Aubin, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Jules Aubin, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " A NEW
MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH MILLSTONES FOR BOLTING
DIRECTLY THE PRODUCTS OF THE GRINDING OF WHEAT," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Jules Aubin, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jules Aubin, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The system of direct bolting which I described in my Provisional
Specification has for its object, as indicated by the title, the bolting
directly or immediately the products of the grinding as they proceed
from the stones and in the interior itself of the chamber formed by the
frame of cast iron which supports the fixed stone. To effect this bolting
it will have been perceived that I utilize the hoop or band (entourage)
of the fixed stone, that is to say, the annular interval which exists
between the latter and the crown of wood which supports the drum. I
leave this interval open instead of filling it by a solid hoop of wood, and
I provide it with a metallic cloth, thus forming a bolting belt around
the mill. The separation of the products of the grinding is effected upon
this circumferential sifter. The flour falls vertically in the interior of
the socket, whilst the bran remaining above the frame is expelled beyond
by the action of centrifugal force.
In order to complete if necessary this first bolting, I have shown that
I can again bolt the flour by receiving it upon sifting plates arranged
beneath the fixed stone.
Such is the principle of the machinery I have constructed.
In carrying out my Invention for direct bolting of the products of
the grinding I have principally had in view to augment the bolting
surface, while at the same time facilitating the escape of the flour pro-
ceeding from the stones, and to simplify the command of the sifting
movement. As the arrangements which carry out these conditions have
entailed modifications in the usual construction of mills, I proceed to
describe the complete installation of a pair of stones constructed
according to my system, with reference to the annexed Drawings, which
represent an apparatus in vertical sectional clevation at Figure 1, and in
plan, also sectional, in Figure 2.
The new direct bolting is applicable, as I have already explained, to
the bolting stones of my former Patent, No. 2184, dated 23rd June 1874,
as well as to fixed stones. It is the latter case which I suppose here.
In consequence the apparatus does not present any striking peculiarity

page_text: in the construction of the parts unconnected with the bolting. It is
sufficient to enumerate them.
The running stone A is supported above the fixed stone by the
sleeve C of the cross bar D, upon which is bolted the socket E, provided
at its top with a basket or eye to receive the corn to be ground. The
sleeve C is adjusted upon the end of the iron or shaft of the stone H.
The fixed stone is provided with a bearing G with cushions of bronze,
and is supported by the cast-iron socket I, and wedged to the latter by
means of screws J, which serve to key and centre the stones. The
shaft H, after having traversed the bearing and the chamber of the
socket, rests upon its foot step K, and it receives its movement of
rotation through the pinion L.
The following are the parts which relate to the direct bolting by my
Invention: The essential part is the horizontal frame M, situated
beneath the fixed stone, and composed of two concentric crowns united
by arms or spokes, the latter being preferably formed of angle iron.
These radial arms divide the frame into several compartments, which
each receive a box N provided with a sifter. These boxes, like the com-
partments in which they are held, have the form of sectors, and as they
are independent they can be replaced singly when their metallic cloth is
worn out. The frame M is suspended by springs m, m, fixed to the
support of the keying screws; the frame is therefore free to oscillate,
and will take readily a sifting motion from the slightest exterior shock.
This is produced very simply by a rod of wood or metal P, fixed to one
of the arms of the frame and passing outside the socket to strike against
the teeth of toothed wheel Q. This wheel is keyed upon a little
shaft O parallel to the shaft H of the stones, which communicates its
movement of rotation through the intermediation of pulleys q¹, q'. In
turning the teeth of the wheel Q strikes against the rod P, and imparts
to it a sort of vibration or jigging motion, which it transmits to the
bolting frame M.
The shaft of the stone is surrounded by a sleeve R carrying a rake S,
whose duty it is to turn against a plank T fixed by its edging to the
casing I. This rake is composed of four branches, which are provided
with oblique teeth so as to lead from the centre to the circumference
the flour which has fallen upon the plank T. These branches also
support near to their ends the circular receptacle U to receive the bran

page_text: and the handles of the brushes V which rub the lower surface of the
frames. These brushes prevent the filling up of the holes in the
metallic cloth. The sleeve L, and in consequence the cross piece of the
rake as well as the organ connected thereto, receive their movement of
rotation through the pulley X keyed upon the sleeves connected by a
cord with the pulley Y keyed upon the little shaft O.
The manner in which the bolting is effected in the arrangement is
casy to understand. The products of the grinding finding on their exit
from the stones a large empty space, fall immediately into the sifting
boxes of the frame. There they separate the bran into the shoot Z,
passing through the spaces left in the sides of the cloth with which
the boxes are fitted. As to the flour which passes through these cloths
it is received upon the planks, from whence the branches of the rake
direct it towards its shoot W. These shoots lead the bran and flour
respectively into bags arranged beneath the apparatus.
As I have said before I can arrange beneath the frame or sifting plate
a second frame to rebolt the flour falling from the first. I can also
multiply these sifting plates and arrange them in stages in the socket
chamber, one below the other, providing them with metallic cloths of
different numbers so as to refine the flour and separate the products of
the grinding into several qualities.
In conclusion I should remark that my system of direct bolting by
superposed sifting plates can form the base of a sifting apparatus which
might be advantageously employed in replacing horizontal bolteries with
cylinders. Such an apparatus would, like ordinary bolting apparatus, be
fed by chambers with rakes, which in the progress of an ordinary mill
collect the products of several mills.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my
new machinery to be employed in connection with millstones for bolting
directly the products of the grinding of corn,--
First. The utilization of the hoop or space (entourage) surrounding
the fixed stone to effect circumferential bolting, substantially as herein-
before described and shown in the annexed Drawings.
Secondly. Arranging beneath the fixed stone a sifting frame or plate
carrying sifting boxes, as herein-before described and as shown in the
accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Thirdly. The means whereby the jigging motion is imparted to the
said frame and its sifters, as herein-before described and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. The combination of a fixed plank to receive the flour with
a rake with branches, as and for the purposes herein-before described
and as shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Fifthly. Mounting the branches of the said rake upon a sleeve
surrounding the shaft of the stone, as lierein-before described and shown
in the accompanying Drawings.
Sixthly. Fixing brushes to this rake, as herein-before described and
shown in the accompanying Drawings.
And, Seventhly. The formation of the socket constituting around and
underneath the fixed stone a chamber serving as a receptacle for the
products of grinding, and large enough to contain the sifting frame,
the plank, the rake, the brushes, and a portion of the jigging mechanism,
as herein-before described and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jules Aubin, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
Witness,
CHARLES ARMENGAUD,
Civil Engineer,
Bd. de Strasbourg, 23,
Paris.
JULES AUBIN. (L.S.)