CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES, IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BELONGING THERETO, IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF BOILERS FOR THE GENERATION OF STEAM, AND IN THE FURNACES AND FLUES USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
BURROWS, of Haigh, near Wigan, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and
Draughtsman, and GEORGE HOLCROFT, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of
October, in the twelfth year of Her reign, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, did give and grant unto us, the said
James Burrows and George Holcroft, our exors, adiiors, and assigns, Her
especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said
James Burrows and George Holcroft, our exors, adñiors, and assigns, and
such others as we, the said James Burrows and George Holcroft, our exors,
adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time, and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Ifer
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, our Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES, IN THE MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS BELONGING THERETO, IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF
BOILERS FOR THE GENERATION OF STEAM, AND IN THE FURNACES AND FLUES USED IN
CONNECTION THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso, requiring that we, the said James Burrows and George Holcroft,

page_text: shall particularly describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing,
under our hands and scals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, to be
enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as, reference being-thereunto-had, will more fully-and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
James Burrows and George Holcroft, do hereby declare that the nature of
our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
particularly described and ascertained in and by this present Instrument in
writing, reference being had to the several Drawings hereunto annexed, in
which Drawings similar parts of our improvements are marked and referred
to by similar letters and figures (that is to say) :-
Our said Invention relates, firstly, to certain improved arrangements in
connection with compound steam engines; secondly, to certain improvements
in the construction and working of the steam and expansion valves in con-
nection with the high pressure and condensing cylinders of compound engines;
and thirdly, to certain improvements in the methods of regulating the supply
of fuel to the furnaces of steam boilers, and also in the construction and
arrangement of the furnaces and flues in connexion with such boilers; the
whole of which improvements have for their object economy in the construction
of the engine, in the application of steam, and in the consumption of fuel, and
are practically exemplified in the following description of the Drawings:-
In these Drawings, the novelties which chiefly relate to our improvements
are shaded with colour, and the ordinary parts of the engines and boilers which
are not of our Invention are drawn in outline only. Referring to Drawing
No. 1, Figure 1 is an elevation of one of our improved engines, and Figures
2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are detached representations of various parts of the same,
and to which the same references severally refer. A is the condensing cylinder;
B, the high pressure cylinder, placed in an inverted position, and to which
steam is admitted by the steam pipes c, c, through expansion valves working
in valve chambers C, C, and acts upon the piston d, see Figure 5, from
which by the piston rod 6 motion is imparted to the extra beam I, to which
beam the piston rod b is connected by the pendulous link K. and cross head
J, which latter slides within the grooved framing L, L, and thus preserves the
vertical position of the piston rod throughout the stroke. The beam I,
whose fulcrum is at i, is connected with the ordinary engine beam G, worked
from the piston a in the condensing cylinder A by means of a connecting
rod M, which connecting rod causes the vibration of both the beams to be

page_text: made with uniformity. From the cylinder B, the steam, which has been worked
expansively, passes through the slide valves D, D, to the condensing cylinder A,
(see Figures 5 and 6,) and acts upon the piston a, inaking its escape therefrom.
to the condenser through the exit valves E, E, and exhaust pipe F. We.
propose to work the hot water and feed pumps by rods M, M, attached to the
beam I, or by rods N, N, swivelling on a rocking shaft n, passing through the
connecting rod H, either of which modes we. propose to adopt as determined
by practice to be the best.
In Drawing No. 2, Figures 7, 8, and 9 exhibit a modified arrangement of
a compound engine. A is the condensing cylinder, furnished with the piston
K, working by the piston rod k the beam o in the usual mauner. C and D
are two high pressure cylinders, to which steam is admitted by expansion valves
in the chambers b, c. When the piston K. in the cylinder A is moving in the
direction of the arrows, steam is admitted through the valve in the valve
chamber b, which, passing down the passage E, enters the cylinder C, and acts
upon the under surface of the piston I; which piston also moves in the direction
of the arrow, upon the pistons K and I completing the strokes in the cylinders
A and C respectively. The supply of steam to the cylinder C is cut off
by the descent of the valve b', simultaneous with which a valve 62 is opened,
which causes the steam beneath the piston I to rush up the passage E,
and enters the cylinder C by an orifice (seen in the Drawing) above the
piston I, and passes through the entrance pipe G, into the condensing
cylinder A, where it acts upon the piston K, which commences to make the
down stroke; simultaneous with which steam admitted through the valve c
in the chamber c passes up the passage F, and entering the top of the
cylinder D, causes the piston J to make the down stroke in conjunction with
the piston K in the condensing cylinder A, the steam from beneath both of
which pistons having previously made its escape to the condenser through the
exhaust pipe L. The descent of the pistons K and J will therefore be accele-
rated by a vacuum beneath them and by the pressure of steam above them,
while the steam in the cylinder C, escaping through the ports g, G, to the
cylinder A, can offer no obstacle to the descent of the piston I, inasmuch as its
pressure upon the under surface of the piston I cannot exceed the power which
it exerts upon the upper surface of the same. When the piston K. has com-
pleted the down and commences making the up stroke, the supply of steam to
the top of the cylinder D is cut off by the descent of the valve c', while the
valve c² effects an escape for the steam through the port h and pipe II to the
under surface of the piston K in the cylinder A, and the steam from above
the piston K and I escapes through the exhaust pipe L to the condenser.

page_text: Upon the commencement, of the up stroke, steam is again admitted beneath
the piston I, which upon its completion escapes to the cylinder A, as before
described; the entire movements of the engine being effected by the steam
-from the under surface of the piston I escaping above the piston K, and by
the steam from the upper surfaces of the piston J escaping beneath the piston
K, the up and down strokes of all the pistons being made simultaneous with
cach other, without loss of power and with economy of steam. The piston
rods i and j from the pistons I and J are attached by cross heads and side
rods m, n, to an extra link M, of the ordinary parallel motion, by which their
uniformity of action is preserved. The piston rod j may also be continued so as
to form the plug rod of the air pump. The various unnumbered Figures on
Drawing No. 2 relate to the system of valves shewn in the connexion with
this arrangement, and which will be readily understood by all competent
persons without further description. In Drawing No. 3, Figures 10 and 11
are a section and plan of a modification of our last described arrangement.
The two high pressure cylinders C and D, instead of being placed immediately
over each other, as shown in the Drawing No. 2, are placed beside each other,
enclosed in a convenient casing, the top of the cylinder C and the bottom of
the cylinder D being respectively level with the top and bottom of the cylinder
A, by which means all loss or waste resulting from the undue expansion of
the steam in the passages leading to the condensing cylinder, as shewn in our
before-mentioned arrangement, is avoided, inasmuch as steam is admitted direct
from the cylinders C and D to the cylinder A by any suitable arrangement
of valves acting as before described. Figures 12 and 13, Drawing No. 3,
represent an arrangement of a pair of direct action engines upon the compound
principle. A is the condensing, and B the high pressure cylinder, the
pistons in which move in opposite directions, as shewn by the arrows; for
while the piston in the condensing cylinder A is making the up stroke, the
piston in the high pressure cylinder B is making the down stroke, and vice
The piston rods a, b, impart motion (also in contrary directions, shewn
by the arrows,) to shafts h and i through the system of connecting rods and
cranks D, F, and E, G. These shafts revolve in bearings f, f, supported
upon the pillars and framing J, J, J, and are connected together by spur
wheels II and I, by which the momentum of the high pressure cylinder B is
transmitted directly to the driving shaft i. The parrallelism of the piston rods
band a is preserved, by cross heads and slides working in the slides & and e.
The air pump and feed apparatus N and M are worked by a beam c, vibrating
upon a rocking standard L, and connected to the cross head of the piston
rod a. K is the fly wheel upon the main shaft i. Figures 14 and 15, Draw-
versa.

page_text: ing No. 3, exhibit the adaptation of this part of our Invention to a marine
engine, and to which the same letters of reference severally refer, the modifi-
cation in the arrangement consisting in the position of the cylinders being
inverted, and working the cranks and shafts by cross heads and slide rods n, n,
m, m. The application of an high pressure cylinder to an engine hitherto
worked by a condensing cylinder alone, we effect by placing the high pressure
cylinder beside the condensing cylinder, and imparting motion from the former
to a shaft worked by a vertical crank, from which motion is transmitted by
suitable geering through a diagonal shaft or system of shafting to the main
shaft, or other part of the geering connected to the engine. This arrangement
is shown in the supplemental Figure 33, Drawing No. 1. As these arrange-
ments relating to compound steam engines may be altered and modified by
the adaptation of any series of mechanical equivalents, from which the same
results as those mentioned may be realized, we would remark, that tlic
great object of this part of our Invention is to reduce the capacity of the
steam passages and consequent loss of power to a minimum; and any modifi-
cation of our improvements as herein specified we consider and claim as of
our Invention. We would also observe, that we do not confine ourselves to
the precise details relating to the extra beam to its position, or to its point of
connection or mode of attachment to the ordinary beam of the engine, but that
we claim the additional beam worked by the extra cylinder as our Invention,
although the mechanical arrangements in connexion therewith may be varied
according to circumstances. The peculiar arrangements in relation to the two
high pressure cylinders acting in conjunction with the condensing cylinder,
we also claim as our Invention, although we do not confine ourselves to the
precise details specified, or to the position of the high pressure cylinders in
relation to the condensing cylinder, as shewn in the Drawings. In the direct
action compound engine we claim any mechanical arrangement by which the
power of the high pressure cylinder is communicated directly to the driving
shaft of the condensing cylinder, and vice versa; or any mechanical combina-
tion whereby the power of both cylinders is communicated to an intermediate
shaft, whether the same be applied to stationary or marine engines. In the
application of an additional cylinder to existing engines, we claim any
arrangement whereby the position of the old and new cylinders to each other
is such that the pistons move in opposite directions, the steam passages are
reduced to a minimum, and the power is transmitted from the second cylinder
by any of our before described methods, or any modification of the same.
Our improvements relating to ordinary and expansion valves are shewn in
Drawing No. 4. Figures 16 and 17 exhibit a method of producing a variable

page_text: expansion motion. r is a shaft, driven from the revolving valve shaft, and by
the wheel t communicating motion to the wheels and shaft c, upon which
shaft, are placed the-sliding-cam scrolls o and n. a is a rod from the governor,
which by means of the bell crank lever b and sliding catch box b¹ acts upon
one of the bevils d and e, which are loose upon the shaft c. When the speed
of the engine exceeds the usual ratio, the rod a falls and puts the catch box
6¹ into geer with the bevil e, which acting through the series of bevils f, g,
h, i, and k, causes the pinion to act upon the rack m, and traverse the cam
scrolls and o upon the shaft c, in the direction of the arrow, so that their
action upon the valve rods w and x is proportionably diminished, and the
steam being cut off at an earlier portion of the stroke, the speed of the engine
is reduced to the usual average. Should the speed of the engine fall, the
rod a puts the catch box 6' into geer with the catch box d, and through the
action of the arrangements before mentioned, the cam scrolls are traversed in
the contrary direction, and the speed of the engine proportionably increased.
Figure 18 shews an arrangement for combining the steam and exhaust valves
in one casing, and placing them between the high pressure and condensing
cylinders of compound engines, thereby avoiding the necessity of a separate
exhaust pipe, and reducing the dimensions of the steam passages very mate-
rially. a is the valve chamber, placed between the condensing cylinder A and
the high pressure cylinder B, from the latter of which steam passes to the
former through the steam port c. b is a slide valve, alternately open to the
steam port c and exhaust d. A similar arrangement we place at the top as
well as the bottom of the cylinders, the operation of which will be readily
understood by reference to the Drawing. Figure 20, Drawing No. 4, exhibits
a method of steaming through the piston, which we propose to adopt in
connexion with the three-cylinder engine, shewn in Drawing No. 2, and
in Figure 10, Drawing No. 3. a is the piston rod, working in a casing c,
which casing is furnished with a lever d, a bowl upon which traverses an
incline e, best seen in the detached Figure, which causes the casing c to
be partially turned round with every stroke of the engine, carrying with it the
face plate or disc h, which allows the steam to pass through the openings g, g,
in the pistons b, and thus proceed to the condensing cylinder, dispensing with
the valve motions hitherto employed for this purpose. Figure 34, Drawing
No. 1, shews an arrangement of an expansive joint for steam pipes, valve
a and bare two
joints, or other joint connected with the engine or boiler.
pipes, whose flanges aro rivetted to the wrought-iron dises c and d, which
discs are detached together by rivets or bolts through the ring or distance
washer, the space between the discs admitting of any expansion or .con-

page_text: traction in the pipes or settlement of the boilers or building without injury or
strain upon the joints, and consequently preventing the undue escape and
waste of steam; and in relation to the arrangements for working the valves,
we wish it to be understood that we claim any arrangement by which the
steam can be passed through the piston from above or beneath by means of a
face plate or disc, moving upon the surface of the piston in such a manner,
that at any desired position in the stroke the steam may be passed from one
side of the piston to the other by means of orifices or ports opened by the move-
ments of the disc. We also claim any modification of the general arrangements
set forth in relation to the valve motions specified, or any modification of the
same. Figure 19, Drawing No. 8, shews a method of heating the feed water
by means of an intermittent jet, made during a certain portion of the stroke
only, from an orifice in the pipe b, in the receiver c. This vessel has a
communication d with the exhaust or condenser, by which the water falling into
the vessel c is heated. This water we carry off by the force pump e. Drawing
No. 4, Figures 21, 22, and 23, are a side and front elevation and plan, partly
in section, of a fire-feeding machine. A, A, is a hopper, in which the coal is
first placed, which then passes between a pair of rollers B, B, furnished with
short spikes or projections for crushing the larger coals; these rollers are driven
by toothed wheels C, C, which revolve slowly by means of a strap pulley D. or
other suitable geering. After passing the rollers, the coals fall on to the
upper surface of a horizontal revolving disc or fan E (which we denominate a
propeller), furnished with four or any number of radial ribs e, e, for propelling
the small coals on to the fire grate. This propeller is fixed to a vertical
shaft F, surmounted by the system of pulleys G, and is driven at a high rate
of speed from the system of straps or bands H. The particular shape of the
upper surface or disc of the propeller is shewn in the Drawing as steeply
inclined or conical nearly from the centre to the edge or rim, which rim is
slightly turned or curved upwards. This rim, which we call the lip of the
propeller, retains the small coals within the periphery, from which they are
afterwards projected with great centrifugal force. The steeply inclined part
of the disc gives an increased impetus to the large pieces of coal, which,
passing over the lip of the propeller, fall through the annular space between
the lip and the outer case, and pass between the disc of the propeller, when
they are struck and urged forward by one or more ribs f, f, attached to the
under side of the disc. The bottom ribs are made about one-half the length
of the top ribs upon the upper surface of the disc. The united efforts of the
top and bottom ribs with the particular shape of the upper surface of the
revolving disc causes the coals of various sizes to be propelled upon and

page_text: scattered, equally mixed, in all parts of the grate. The disc E we cause to
revolve in opposite directions alternately, by which the fuel is thrown more
equally across the width of the fire grate, which may be done by a system of
pulleys G, G, on one of which the strap guider K shifts the driving band by
the self-acting apparatus, which we are about to describe. In Drawing No. 4,
Figures 24 and 25, L is a shaft, furnished with two spur wheels m, n. This
shaft works in bearings M, from which, upon projecting studs, the wheels p, q,
taking into the wheels m, n, revolve. The shaft L is driven by pulleys 1, 1,
from the engine or other prime mover. The wheels p, q, which are of different
diameters, and consequently move with variable speed, are each provided with
a crank pin or stud r, s, which impart motion to the connecting rods R, S,
respectively. These rods communicate an oscillating motion to the arm K' of
the bell crank strap guider K, by means of the pin t fixed to the arm K, and
which is always in geer with one of the rods R and S. The heads of each of
these rods is provided with a broad slot w and a narrow slot a, for throwing in
and out of geer with the pin t. Short chains and v, are attached to these
heads, and communicate with the self-acting damper, so that by the rise or fall
of the damper the heads are elevated and depressed, and the rods R and S
are alternately thrown in and out of geer with the arm K. When the
damper falls, in consequence of the steam rising too rapidly, the chains u and v
raise the rods R and S; the pin t is thus disengaged from the narrow slot
on the rod S, and thus thrown into geer with that rod. The wheel q being of
larger dimensions than p, consequently revolves more slowly, and imparts a
slower oscillating motion to the arm K', by means of the rod S, than would
be imparted by the rod R and wheel p, and the straps being shifted less
frequently, the alternate motion is given also less frequently to the propeller,
and the firing is heavier; but when the steam has fallen and the damper rises,
the chains u and allow the heads of the rods R and S to fall, and the
narrow slot upon the rod R is thrown into gear with the pin t; and the wheel p,
being of smaller dimensions than the wheel q, imparts a more rapid motion to
the rod R, and by means of the strap shifter K, the alternate motion of the
propeller is more rapid, and the firing becomes lighter and thinner, which is
more favourable to the production of steam than when the firing is heavy. And
what we claim under this part of our Invention is, the particular arrangement
relating to the fire-feeding machine, with variable speed, and moving in opposite
directions alternately, whereby the fuel is scattered first upon one portion and
then upon another portion of the surface of the fire grate, and a more regular
and economical combustion is effected, or any mere modification of the same,
or of the arrangements in connection therewith.

page_text: cover.
Having described our improvements in reciprocatory steam engines, we
shall proceed to describe our improvements in rotatory steam engines, shewn
in Drawing No. 5, where Figures 27, 28, and following Figures, exhibit our
improvements in rotatory steam engines. A, A, is the cylinder; B, B, the
bed plate and framing of the engine; E is a shaft, upon which the hollow
concentric shafts D and C revolve. The shaft C, containing the shafts D and
E, works through a stuffing box F and G at the front cover of the cylinder,
and the internal shaft E revolves in a bearing gland in the back cylinder
This series of concentric shafts revolves also within the bearing G,
and are each of them provided with cranks c, d, and e, respectively. These
cranks are in the same right lines, and are of the same radius as the pistons
P, P, P³, which are also severally connected to the shafts C, D, and E,
and revolve upon them as centres within the cylinder A, A. J, J, are
bearings supporting the shaft I, whose axis is excentric to that of the
shafts C, D, and E. H is a disc or face plate upon the shaft I, furnished
with three crank pins or studs c, d, e, and attached to the cranks c, d,
and e, upon the shafts C, D, and E, by connecting rods c, d, and e. The
throw of the cranks upon the disc H varies from that of the cranks c, d, and e,
according to the degree of eccentricity between the shaft I and the concentric
shafts C, D, and E, and will be readily determined by any competent person.
The fly wheel K is placed upon the shaft I, which is the driving shaft of the
machinery, vessel, or engine to be propelled. The pistons P1, P2, and P³, may
be packed in any convenient manner. Steam is admitted to the cylinder A
by the pipe S, and escapes from it by the pipe U; and the action of our
improved arrangement is as follows:-Steam is admitted through the pipe and
opening S, shewn in Figures 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31, and impels forward the
piston P2 (see Figure 30), in the direction of the arrow, the piston P¹ serving
as abutment to the steam, and moving forward but slowly, in consequence of
the position of the cranks, as will easily be understood by an examination of
the Drawing; but P2 will advance rapidly until P will have passed over the
opening S, when P³ will have taken up the position shewn in the Figure 30,
as occupied by P, and then serving in its turn as abutment to the steam P¹,
will be impelled forward, and P2 will be brought round to take the place of P³,
the steam which impelled it forward escaping through the opening U. This
engine is thus kept in motion by the steam acting consecutively upon cach
of the pistons, each in its turn serving as abutment to the steam. The same
movement may be obtained by two or any larger number of pistons, although
we have shewn three in the Drawings, being the number best adapted for
general purposes. No valves are required for the effective working of this
as

page_text: engine, but an expansion slide or valve may be made use of, if desired, by
means of a governor, so as to shut off the steam according to the power
required. We have shewn one mode in the Drawing, but any competent
mechanic will easily adapt a valve to this engine to effect this purpose. This
same system of pistons and cranks and shafts may also be applied for fire
engines or pumps, whether pneumatic or hydraulic, by conveying the motion to
the pistons through the cranks and shafts, instead of conveying the motion from
the pistons through the shafts, as shewn in the Drawings; and what we claim
under this part of our improvements is, the peculiar mechanical combination
herein set forth and described for producing uniform rotation by means of
pistons working upon shafts concentric to each other, impelled by steam or
other motive force, and transmitted through a system of cranks to a shaft
whose axis is excentric to the séries of concentric shafts, by making use of a
second system of cranks or other mechanical equivalents for effecting the
sanie.
In Drawing No. 6, Figures 35 and 36, we have shown an arrangement of a
steam cylinder A, provided with three pistons B, C, and D, the object of this
portion of our improvements being to prevent the admission of steam to the
cylinder until the crank E has been carried past the dead centres by the
momentum of the fly wheel, and to make the pistons C and D alternately form
the abutment for the back pressure of the steam. This we effect as follows:-
The pistons C and D move independently of the piston A through a certain
portion of the stroke, indicated by the red lines, but are connected together by
means of the piston rods c, c, and d, the cross-heads e, f, and the side rods g, g,
while the piston B is attached to the beam G by the piston rod a, and
parrallel motion b, as usual. It will be seen from the Drawings that steam
is not admitted until the crank and the pistons have travelled a certain
portion of the stroke, and the steam can act with its full force upon the
crank in making the down stroke. Steam is introduced between the pistons
B and C when in the position shewn, the latter of which remains stationary
in its position until the former has reached the bottom of the cylinder, when
all the pistons will ascend together to the termination of the red lines (the
momentum of the fly wheel carrying the crank past the dead centre, and
consequently causing the pistons to ascend), when steam will be admitted
between the pistons B and D, the latter of which will remain stationary, as an
abutment for the pressure of the steam, until the former has completed the up
stroke, when they will descend and assume the position shown in the Drawing,
preparatory to the admission of steam between the pistons B and C, as described.
It will thus be seen that steam is not admitted when the crank is in the centre,

page_text: but when it is in such a position that the steam must exert its full force upon
it to the greatest advantage, thereby diminishing the strain to which the
"crank" and "necks" are subjected by the present mode of working. And
what we claim under this series of improvements is, the method of combining
three pistons in one cylinder, in such a manner, that two of them shall
alternately sustain the back pressure of the steam, while the third traverses the
cylinder and imparts motion to the crank in the usual manner. The whole of
which improvements herein specified being, to the best of our knowledge and
belief, new and never before practised within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion
of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, we deliver this as our true and
faithful Specification.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Burrows and George Holcroft,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-sixth day of
April, One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of April, in
the year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid James Burrows and George Holcroft
came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged
the Specification aforesaid, and all and everything therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.