IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR • THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN FORMS OF FRILLING, RUCHING OR TRIMMING
Year: 1884

page_text: I EDWARD SAMUEL BOYS TOMBS of 12 Red Cross Street in the City of London
Frilling Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
•
THE MANUFACTURE OF
CERTAIN FORMS OF FRILLING, RUCHING OR TRIMMING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements on former Inventions in respect of which
I have applied for Letters Patent the 9th day of April 1884 N° 6165 and the
5th day of May 1884 N° 7242 and has reference to the production of frilling,
ruching or trimming of a form approximating to a horizontal or vertical zig-zag.
In carrying out my present Invention I make the horizontal zig-zag by taking
a piece of material previously plaited, crimped, goffered, or otherwise fulled and
forming it into the required zig-zag shape as described in the provisional specifi-
cation to the last mentioned of my said former applications, and my present
Invention has for its object partly improvements in the machinery or apparatus
employed for the production of frilling, ruching or trimming of this description
such improvements having reference to the construction of the "formers" described
in the provisional specification to the first mentioned of my said former
applications.
According to my present Invention I make the formers of an expanded surface
at the part at which they receive the pressure of the trapping roller, and recessed
or reduced in thickness for the remaining portion, thus securing a sufficient space
between each two consecutive formers to receive the material without crushing
whilst not sacrificing the requisite width of surface at the part where the trapping
roller is required to operate. Or I may obtain the same effect by cutting away in
all or a certain number of the formers, say for example the alternate ones that
portion which is not required for trapping, this arrangement being also applicable
in those cases where goffering chains are used instead of formers mounted on
a rotatory carrier for the production of the horizontal zig zag frilling, ruching,
or trimming.

page_text: In the production of frilling ruching or trimming of a form approximating to a
vertical zig-zag I make the movable formers whether carried by a rotatory carrier
or by a chain, of a curved, multangular, or other reduced or enlarged section at
their forming portion and with the intermediate formers the counterparts of the
neighbouring ones on each side. For example when a convex section of former
is used the zig-zag pattern obtained is a corrugation approximating in section to
a series of figure eights. When other sections of. formers are used the zig-zag
pattern of the material will be necessarily varied, the section shewing a configura-
tion corresponding to the curves or angles of the formers.

page_text: I EDWARD SAMUEL BOYS TOMBS, of 12, Red Cross Street, in the City of London,
Frilling Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN FORMS
OF FRILLING, RUCHING OR TRIMMING and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
دو
My Invention relates to improvements on former Inventions in respect of which
I have applied for Letters patent the 9th day of April 1884 N° 6165, and the
5th day of May 1884 N° 7242, and has reference to the production of frilling
ruching or trimming of forms approximating to a horizontal or vertical zig-zag.
In carrying out that part of my present Invention which relates to the produc-
tion of the horizontal zig-zag, I make the same by taking a piece of material
previously plaited, crimped, goffered or otherwise fulled, and forming it into the
required zig-zag shape, as described in the complete specification to the last
mentioned of my said former applications, and this part of my present Invention
has for its object improvements in the machinery or apparatus employed for the
production of frilling, ruching or trimming of this description.
The machinery or apparatus ordinarily used for the production, by automatic
means, from plain material, of frilling, ruching or trimming of a form approxi-
mating to a horizontal zig-zag, may be divided into three classes, viz
1. Machines in which two sets of "formers" are mounted in rotatory former-
carriers, and the material fed in between them is formed into the zig-zag shape and
released by the engagement and retraction by an end motion of the formers of the
two sets at the requisite periods.
2. Machines in which two sets of "formers" are mounted on travelling chains
or racks, and are engaged and retracted in a similar manner to the formers in the
machines of the 1st class.
3. Machines in which two sets of "formers" are mounted on travelling chains
or racks, and the material fed in between them is formed into the zig-zag shape and
released by the engagement and separation of the formers of the two sets without
any motion of such formers rélatively to the motion of the chains or racks.
In all these three classes of machines, the formers each. consist of a blade or flat
piece of metal, as described in the complete specification to my said former
application for Letters Patent, A.D. 1884 N° 6165, the formers in the case of the
second and third classes of machines being necessarily provided with suitable
projections for attachment to the chains or racks.
In applying machines of either of these three types to the production of the
horizontal zig-zag from material which has been previously plaited, crimped,
goffered or otherwise fulled, a difficulty is experienced, since the flat or blade-
shaped formers if placed a sufficient distance apart to avoid the crushing of the
fulled material, do not present sufficient resisting surface on top to receive the
pressure of the trapping or pressing roller employed to retain or secure the shape
imparted to the fulled material by the "formers."

page_text: Now according to this part of my present Invention, I make the formers for
either of these types of machines, of an expanded surface at the part at which
they receive the pressure of the trapping roller, and recessed or reduced in thickness
for the remaining portion, thus securing a sufficient space between each two
consecutive formers to receive the material without crushing, whilst not sacrificing
the requisite width of surface at the part where the trapping roller is required to
operate.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a transverse vertical section and
Figure 2 a side elevation illustrating one example of formers constructed according.
to this part of my present. Invention, and Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a
transverse vertical section and side elevation illustrating another example of formers
constructed according to this part of my present invention.
The former is made with an expanded surface'a at the part at which it receives
the pressure of the trapping or pressing roller, and recessed or reduced in thickness
at b. This recessed or reduced portion may either be continued uniformly down
to the bottom of the former as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, or the former may be
The former
made with a slightly expanded footb as shewn in Figures 3 and 4.
in addition to being recessed or reduced at its sides is also by preference made of
a suitably reduced shape on its acting end as shewn at 62 (Figures 2 and 4).
It is obvious that the sections of the improved formers may be otherwise modified
according to. the varying, character and pattern of the material used and to be
produced, whilst retaining the principle of this part of my invention, which consists
in providing an expanded surface at the part at which the formers receive the
pressure of the trapping roller and recessing them or making them reduced. in
thickness at the remaining portion to the requisite extent to leave a sufficient space
between each two consecutive formers to receive the material without crushing.
1
Or, I may obtain the same effect- by cutting away in all or a certain number of
the formers, say, for example, the alternate ones, that portion which is not required
for trapping. Figure 5 represents a transverse vertical section of a former and
Figure 6 a side elevation thereof shewing the portion b so cut away. It will be
understood that by cutting away the portion b of say the alternate formers,
sufficient space will be obtained for the reception of the material without crushing,
whilst the closer proximity of the formers to each other ensures sufficient surface
to receive the pressure of the trapping roller even when they are not, as they may
also be, enlarged at the part on which the trapping roller operates.
In carrying out that part of my Invention which relates to the production of
frilling, ruching or trimming of a form approximating to a vertical zig-zag, I make
the movable foriners, whether carried by a rotatory carrier or by a chain or rack,
of a curved, multangular or other reduced or enlarged section at their forming
portion, and with the intermediate formers the counterparts of the neighbouring
ones on each side. For example, when a convex section of former is used, the
zig-zag pattern obtained is a corrugation approximating in section to a series of
figure eights. When other sections of formers are used the zig-zag pattern of the
material will be necessarily varied, the section shewing a configuration corresponding
to the curves or angles of the formers.
Figures 7, 8. and 9 represent transverse vertical sections of three of a set of
formers constructed according to three several modifications of this part of my
Invention for the production of vertical zig-zag of the patterns shewn respectively
in Figures 7, 8 and 9a, from which examples any other variations may be readily
made by those skilled in this particular art.
For the production of the pattern shewn in Figure 7, I employ the convex
section of formers represented in Figure 7, cc being formers of one set, and c¹ one
of the inverted or, counterpart "formers." When these improved formers are used
in machines such as are described in the complete specification to my said former
application for Letters Patent A.D. 1884. Nº 6165, it will be found necessary for
the production of the pattern shewn in Figure 7* to bevel off the acting end of
the formers as shewn at d in side. elevation and plan in Figures 7b and 7°, as

page_text: otherwise there would be a liability of the convex portion of each of these formers,
as they move into engagement, catching against the material lying over the former
last operated.
For the production of the pattern shewn in Figure 8 I employ the triangular
section of formers represented in Figure 8; for the production of the pattern
shewn in Figure 9* formers of a pentagonal section as represented in Figure 9 are
used. It is not however essential for the production of the pattern Figure 9*, that
the formers c¹ should be the exact counterparts of the formers c, as the same effect
will be produced if the alternate formers, that is to say the formers c¹, are made of
a quadrangular section as shewn in Fig. 10.
In a similar manner other patterns may be produced, as will be obvious without
further explanation.
In any of the cases the formers may be bevelled off at their acting end if
necessary as shown in Figures 7b and 7°.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
kr
let In machinery or apparatus of the types herein set forth, the employment of
'formers" having an expanded surface at the part at which they receive the
pressure of the trapping instrument, and recessed or reduced in thickness for the
remaining portion; or of formers having portions cut away or removed, with
or without the use of an expanded surface at the part at which they receive the
pressure of the trapping instrument, substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described.
2nd In machinery or apparatus for the production of frilling, ruching or
trimming of a form approximating to a vertical zig-zag, the employment of movable
formers of a curved, multangular or other reduced or enlarged section at their
forming portion, and with the intermediate formers the counterparts (or their
equivalents) of the neighbouring formers on each side, substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described.