IMPROVED MACHINERY APPLICABLE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS, BULLETS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY APPLICABLE
MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS, BULLETS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES."-A commu-
nication from abroad by Charles Bartholomew Allen, of Philadelphia,
United States of America.
Sealed the 29th September 1859, and dated the 25th May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th May 1859.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO THE
MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS, BULLETS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of machinery, whereby rods
may be converted by rolling pressure into rivets, bullets, and other like articles.
To this end a set of three mould wheels having the counterpart figure (in cross
section) of the article to be formed are mounted on the extremities of hori-
zontal axles, which turn in bearings in standards provided to receive them.
These axles are so arranged as to allow of their advancing to or receding from

page_text: each other to give the required nip to the metal under operation, and discharge
the formed article. The axles are driven by spur gearing at their rear ends,
and they are fitted with double cones, between which a friction wheel works,
the same being carried by a yoke that encompasses the axles, and has a traverse
motion on parallel guides. In this yoke are mounted friction rollers, which
bear upon the axles, and when brought in contact with their cones press the
axles and consequently their mould wheels nearer together, the first mentioned
friction wheel simultaneously retreating to permit of the approach of the axles
and mould wheels. The axle of this friction wheel is extended to form a stop
or gauge for the rod fed into the machine. Connected to the yoke is a hori-
zontal guide rod, to which is jointed an arm terminating in a hook that is
operated upon by a crank pin in a worm wheel at the rear of the machine. A
worm on the main driving shaft gears into and drives this worm wheel, and at
every throw of the crank pin draws back the yoke, causing it, through the
friction rollers acting on the cones of the mould wheel axles, to press those
wheels up to the work, and bring the metal under operation to shape, a
pendent arm secured to the guide rod that operates the yoke carries an inclined
bar for the purpose of operating a rod carrying at its upper end a circular
cutter for severing the metal under operation into lengths. This cutter rod
moves in fixed guides, and brings the cutter into action when the rivet or other
article has been reduced to shape. A coiled spring restores the yoke to its
forward or inactive position when the crank pin is disengaged from the
hooked arm before mentioned.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license that 1, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and

page_text: assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS;
BULLETS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," being a communication from abroad
by Charles Bartholomew Allen, of Philadelphia, United States of America,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent is
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation
of the machine; Figure 2 is a front elevation; Figure 3 is the ground plan;
Figure 4 is a front elevation with the mould wheels or formers removed, so as
to exhibit the radial slots in the head A"; Figure 5 is a longitudinal section
exhibiting the relation and arrangement of the different parts of the machine
when ready for the reception of the portion of metal which is to be formed or
moulded; Figure 6 is a longitudinal section exhibiting the arrangement of
the different parts of the machine at the moment of completion of the process
of forming or moulding.
The machine is composed of the following parts, which are indicated by the
same letters in each of the Drawings.
carry the bearings of the pinion ends
A is one of the heads of the machine, somewhat similar to a lathe head,
serving to support the end of the main shaft J, which carries the fly wheel L,
and the fast and loose pulleys K, K. A is another head serving to support
the other end of the main shaft, and to
of three shafts C, C, C. A is a third head, in which are cut three radiàl
slots serving as guides, in which the three shafts C, C, C, move; B' is the bed
plate to which the beads of the machine are attached. To the three shafts
C, C, C, are attached the mould wheels or formers D, D, D. These shafts
receive a rotary motion through pinions c, c, c,.acted upon by a spur wheel d

page_text: placed on the main shaft J. The bearings of these three shafts at their
pinion ends in the head A¹ are so constructed as to permit their free move-
ment, whilst the ends to which the mould wheels or formers are attached, and
which move in the radial slots in the head A" are made to approach and
separate. Upon each of these shafts, a short distance from the head A" is
formed a double cone e, e¹, upon which the yoke F and the pinion wheel G
herein-after described act. The mould wheels or formers D, D, D, are
attached in front of the head A" to the extremities of the revolving shafts
C, C, C, by the approximation of which they are brought to act upon the
portion of metal which is to be moulded. The profile form of these wheels or
formers, which are so attached as to be removable from their shafts at pleasure,
will depend upon the particular shape to which it is desired to bring the metal upon
which they act. Figures 7 represent the form suitable for the manufacture of
the ordinary gasometer rivet; Figures 8 the form required for the manufacture
of a rifle slug. E is a bar which carries the yoke F, and also a forked arm
in which the friction wheel G is mounted. This bar E, one end of which
passes through a slot in the head A³, receives an alternate motion backwards,
and forwards by the operation of parts of the machine berein-after described.
The yoke F, which surrounds the three shafts C, C, C, as before mentioned, is
furnished with friction rollers at its points of contact with them so as to
permit of their free rotation. It is provided with cross-head jaws which rest
en guides H, H, over which they slide. As this yoke is drawn backwards in
contact with the inclined planes e¹, e¹, e¹, formed on the revolving shafts next
the head A", it causes the extremities of these shafts which pass through the
radial slots in the head A", and to which the mould-wheels or formers are
attached to approach each other. The friction wheel G has for its axle the
adjustable gauge rod P; this wheel, when carried forwards by the operation of
parts of the machine herein-after described, acts upon the cones e, e, e, formed
on the revolving shafts, and without interrupting the free rotation. of the
shafts forces apart their extremities, which pass through the radial slots in the
head A", so as to permit the disengagement of the portion of the metal which
has been subjected to the action of the mould wheels or formers. This wheel
also serves, without interrupting their free rotation, to support and steady the
revolving shafts C, C, C, whilst they are subjected to the action of the yoke F,
the wheel G receding in contact with the cones e, e, c, as the yoke F passes
over the cones e¹, el, el. On the main shaft J is mounted the spur wheel d,
which gears into and drives the pinions c,. c, c. It also carries a screw W,
which gears into a worm wheel U, supported by a column secured to the bed
plate B; this worm wheel is provided with a crank pin p, which, at each

page_text: revolution catches a hook h, at one end of a connecting rod T, which is
attached to the bar E, for the purpose of drawing it through the head A¹, and
towards the head A, and thus communicating to the bar and its attachments a
backward motion. Fixed to the bar E is an arm M, to the lower end of
which a bar N is attached; this bar N passes through a slot in the head A",
and in front of the head A", it takes the form of an inclined plane as at n,
which, as the bar N is drawn through the head A", with the backward
movement of the bar E pushes upwards a sliding rod f, which works in a
bracket guide O, and carries at its upper end a cutter wheel g; this cutter
wheel g is used when it is required to sever or detach the portion of metal
which has been subjected to the action of the mould wheels or formers.
The
gauge rod P, which carries the roller G, determines by its adjustment the
length of the portion of metal subjected to the action of the mould wheels or
formers. Qis a rest for supporting the rod or bar of metal upon the extremity
of which the mould-wheels or formers are to act; S is a spring surrounding
the bar E. This spring communicates the forward motion to the bar E, and
its attachments, and carries the wheel G along the inclined planes e, e, e, forcing
apart the revolving shafts C, C, C.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The machine is adjusted, as in
Figure 5, for the reception of the metal which is to be moulded or formed.
If the metal is to be introduced in the form of a bar or rod, as in the making
of gasometer rivets or slugs, it is supported by the rest Q, with its end in
contact with the adjustable gauge rod P. The power being applied to the
pulley K causes the main shaft J to revolve, the spur wheel d of which acts
upon the pinions c, c, c, and communicates a rotary motion to the three
revolving shafts C, C, C. The screw W, which is keyed to the main shaft,
causes the revolution of the worm wheel U into which it gears, the crank
pin p of which catches the hook h of the connecting rod T, and draws the
bar E through the head A', and toward the head A. The bar E draws with
it the yoke F to which it is attached, and which surrounds the three revolving
shafts C, C, C, the friction rollers of the yoke being in contact with the
inclined planes e, e¹, e¹. As the friction rollers of the yoke pass over these
inclined planes, the ends of the revolving shafts which pass through the radial
slots in the head A" are forced to approach each other bringing the mould
wheels or formers in contact with the metal which is to be subjected to their
action; at the same time the wheel G, which is carried by an arm secured to
the bar E, passes in contact with the conical surfaces e, e, e, along which it
recedes as the yoke. F encroaches on the conical surfaces e', el, el, serving to
support and steady the three revolving shafts. When the mould wheels or

page_text: formers have attained the greatest proximity to each other permitted by the
adjustment of the machine, the crank pin p, having passed the centre of the
worm wheel U on the side nearest the head A, the hook h of the connecting
rod T becomes disengaged, and the bar E and its attachments are carried by
the action of the spring S back to their original position, and the wheel G
passing again along the conical surfaces e, e, e, forces the revolving shafts apart,
so as to permit of the disengagement of the metal which has been moulded or
formed, and the introduction of another portion for the action of the mould
wheels or formers. If it be thought desirable to detach or sever from the
bar or rod of metal the portion which has been subjected to the action of the
mould wheels or formers the cutter wheel g may be used, which is operated as
follows: The arm M, which receives its motion through the bar E, carries
with it the bar N, the inclined plane of which n pushes upwards the rod f
with the cutter wheel g, the parts being so adjusted that the cutter wheel shall
detach or sever the metal at the moment the action of the mould wheels or
formers is completed.
In the manufacture of slugs for fire-arms, the cup or cavity in the base of
the ball may be formed by giving a conical shape to the end of the gauge rod P
against which the metal is placed.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of improved machinery
applicable to the manufacture of rivets, bullets, and other like articles, and
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be under-
stood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent, I claim the improved
arrangement of machinery above described, or any mere modification thereof,
whereby metal may be reduced to the required shape through the pressure of
mould wheels or formers, the axes of which are parallel or nearly so with the
axis of the article being formed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)