IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Skirving and Samuel Ayland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th May 1877.
DAVID SKIRVING and SAMUEL AYLAND, both of Moston, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Our Invention relates to looms for weaving, and has for its object to facilitate
the weaving of goods varying in pattern or in the counts of the picks.
According to the first part of our Invention we employ a positive taking-up
motion, and we mount a pattern plate on same axis as the ratchet wheel, and arrange
it to turn therewith. The said pattern plate is formed with teeth or recesses, with
which engages a pawl, which is mounted on the same lever as the ratchet pawl, but
further from the fulcrum. The said lever is or may be slotted, so that the stroke of
the pattern pawl may be regulated. When the rotation of the ratchet wheel brings
one of the teeth or notches in the pattern plate into position to be acted upon by
the pattern pawl, the said plate and the ratchet wheel are moved to the extent of
two or more ratchet teeth by one movement of the pattern pawl. This motion
may be used throughout the cloth, or only in the borders, as when weaving handker-
chiefs or sponge cloths.
In another arrangement we employ two ratchet wheels, varying in the number
of teeth, so as to form a differential motion. One wheel is loose; and on or to this
is fixed or formed a pattern tooth or recess, or two or more teeth or recesses.
The
ratchet pawl engages with both ratchet wheels. By proportioning the numbers
of the teeth of the wheels the pattern tooth or recess may be arranged to be
acted upon by the pattern pawl only once during two or more revolutions of the
fast ratchet wheel, the said tooth or teeth, or recess or recesses, imparting an increased
movement to the taking-up roller.
Another part of our Invention relates to means for forming the spaces for cutting
or dividing when weaving handkerchiefs and other goods. A lever rests upon a cam
which is fast to the taking-up roller. One end of the said lever is hinged upon a
fixed fulcrum, and the other end is acted upon by a spring. The said cam is of a
helical form, and raises the said lever during the rotation of the said taking-up
roller. When the said lever has been raised to the highest point, the part of the
lever which rests on the cam loses its support by the further rotation of the cam,
and sliding upon an inclined face leading from the longest radius of the cam

page_text: towards the central axis, or thereabouts, turns the said cam and thereby the taking-
up roller, and forms the required space. The said lever may be arranged to be
moved by the cam otherwise than upwards.
Another part of our Invention relates to the parts which actuate the tappits
which actuate the healds. We employ two sets of tappits, and we employ a motion
for throwing one set out of action and the other set into action at the required
times.
The spur wheels on the tappit shaft are arranged to gear alternately with a
driving wheel. The said driving wheel is moved to and fro, or the tappit shafts
are mounted in a frame arranged to be moved to and fro. A tooth or a notch on
the driver engages, with notches or teeth on the driven wheels. When for example
a notch on the wheels of one of the tappit shafts is brought into position to engage
with a tooth on the driver, the said, tappit shaft is thrown out of gear, and the
other tappit shaft is at the same time brought into gear.
This arrangement may also be adapted to be employed to control the action of
the needles or sinkers in certain descriptions of looms, wherein the shedding is
effected by means of such needles or sinkers, the crossing action of the needles
ceasing or commencing when the driven wheel is moved out of or into gear with
the driving wheel.