Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating, Boiling, Heating, and Cooling Liquids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1893-Accepted, 24th June, 1893
COMT DELE OF MUINATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating, Boiling, Heating, and
Cooling Liquids.
I, CONRAD CARL ALBRECHT FORSTREUTER, of 11, Hornhauserstrasse,
Oschersleben, Prussia, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer, and Partner of
the Firm of Gebr. Forstreuter,
My invention relates to improved apparatus for evaporating and boiling by the
aid of a vacuum which apparatus may also be employed for heating or cooling
liquids.
My improved apparatus is mainly characterized by its funnel-shaped base
provided with chambers to which are connected vertically coiled pipes for the
admission of the heating medium (steam or liquid), or of the cooling liquid as the
case may be the arrangement being such that, as the heating, boiling or cooling
proceeds, the communication between any desired series of pipes and the remainder
may be cut off, so that the condensation water, or the heating or cooling liquid,
may be discharged or conducted away from any of the several series of pipes,
independently of the others. Owing to this arrangement of the coils, a larger
heating or cooling surface may be contained within a given space than has been
practicable hitherto, and the full duty is obtained from the heating medium (steam
or liquid), or the cooling liquid, since the arrangement admits of the walls of the
coils being made very thin, without any danger of leakage being caused by the
action of the vacuum and steam.
Another advantage of the special construction of the coils is, that they enable
the contents of the apparatus to be more readily discharged than other similar
arrangements hitherto employed, have done.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and
Figure 2 a cross-section of my improved apparatus.
The coils A are erected upon the funnel-shaped base B of the apparatus which
is provided with annular chambers b and c. The several coils A are, accordingly,
arranged in circles, it being assumed, as in the apparatus shown, that there are
four circular rows or series of coils which are numbered, respectively I, II, III,
and 1V. The annular chambers designated by the letter c serve for the admission
of fresh supplies of steam, or of heating or cooling liquid, whilst those referred to
by the letter bare for the discharge of the condensation water, or of the heating
or cooling liquid, as the case may be. Each of the coils A is supplemented by a
vertical tube a, adapted to conduct the fresh steam, or the cooling or heating
liquid, from the chamber c to the upper ends of the respective coils. The con-
densation water, or the cooling liquid, then descends the spiral convolutions of the
coils, and enters the chambers through the end-tubes or nozzles a¹.
The number of coils depends on the diameter or capacity of the apparatus.
Instead of connecting all the coils of one circle (I to IV) to the same chambers,
the two chambers and c corresponding to each circle may be divided into
compartments.
As the coils A are arranged singly and independently of one another, the
removal and exchange of any one or other number of the coils may be readily
effected at any time. A man-hole is provided in the main vessel of such a size as
to enable an entire coil to be passed through it without difficulty.
The arrangement of the chambers and c permits, if necessary, the separate
employment of only one or more of the coils A for heating or cooling purposes,
whilst the remaining coils may be otherwise employed or left inoperative. Although
the apparatus is mainly intended for boiling and evaporating by means of a vacuum,
D017

page_text: it may also be advantageously utilized where it is required to heat or cool liquids
only to a certain degree.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is, to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-.
First. The combination, in apparatus for evaporating, boiling, heating and
cooling purposes of coiled pipes A arranged independently of each other, and
connected to chambers provided in the funnel-shaped base of the said apparatus
substantially as herein before described.
Second. The combination, in apparatus of the class hereinabove named, of a
base B, containing separate chambers b, c, for the purpose of connecting single
coiled pipes in groups or series, when employed for evaporating, boiling, heating or
cooling purposes so that the liquid may be discharged from the respective chambers
separately, whereby the independent operation and control of the several series of
coils, and also the rapid removal and renewal of single coils is facilitated, substan-
tially as herein before described.
Dated the 17th day of May 1893
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.