Improvements in Adjustable Spanners.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners.
I, JOHN EDWARD MEREDITH, of Dynamo Works, Woodcock Street, in the City
of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows;―
This invention consists of the hereindescribed improvements in adjustable
spanners.
In carrying out my invention I provide a flat section lever near one end of
which is jointed a metal loop preferably formed of a sheet metal blank which is
folded centrally thus forming the loop of two thicknesses of metal which embrace
between them the end of the flat section lever. The said loop and lever are
jointed together by a cross rivet or pin so that the loop can turn about the pin
in a plane parallel with the face of the lever. The interior shape of the loop is
hexagonal or is a hole with two of its sides making an angle of 60° so as to suit
hexagonal nuts. The end of the lever near which the looped part is jointed is so
shaped and curved that when the looped part is turned in such a position as to
project from the side of the lever the latter does not protrude at all or but very
little across the opening in the loop and thus the latter will take a large nut
which will be pressed against the two inclined sides of the interior of the loop
by the curved end of the lever acting like a cam when the lever is turned to
turn the nut thus securely holding the nut between the two inclined sides of the
loop and the curved end of the lever. When the looped part is placed on a
smaller nut and the lever is turned to turn the nut the curved end of the lever
protrudes farther across the opening of the loop thus diminishing said opening
and pressing the nut against the two inclined sides of the loop as before. Thus
the opening in the loop will suit various sizes of hexagonal nuts by merely turn-
ing the loop to such a position on the lever that the curved end of the lever fits
against one of the flat sides of the nut and presses the nut against the two
inclined sides of the loop.
When my invention is applied to a double ended spanner the lever above
described is made curved at both ends and each end is fitted with one of the said
looped parts the said looped part at one end being of the size to take the certain
sizes of nuts and the looped part at the other end of the spanner being made of
the proper size to take various sizes of smaller nuts.
When the spanner is not in use the looped part or looped parts can be turned
and folded against the body of the lever so as to embrace the same and thus
occupy. but little space.
Dated this 26th day of August. 1898
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: improvements in Adjustable Spanners.
I, JOHN EDWARD MEREDITH, of Dynamo Works, Woodcock Street, in the City
of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement;-
This invention consists of the herein described improvements in adjustable
spanners and is carried out as I will describe by referring to the accompanying
drawings on which Fig. 1 is a general view of an adjustable spanner constructed
in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2 shews a double ended spanner con-
structed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 3 shews how the said double
ended spanner will fold when not in use; Fig. 4 shews the sheet metal blank
from which the loop part of the said spanner is formed; Fig. 5 shews a modifi-
cation of the loop part of the said spanner; Fig. 6 represents a slightly modified
arrangement of my invention; Fig. 7 shews the blank for forming the lever
part of the spanner represented by Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 shews another construc-
tion of my invention; Fig. 9 illustrates a further modification of my invention;
Fig. 10 shews a pin for use with the spanner represented by Fig. 9; and Fig. 11
represents the same spanner as Fig. ŷ open ready to embrace a nut on a shaft
stay bar or the like. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all
the figures.
The
I will first describe the arrangement of my invention shewn by Figs. 1 and 4.
In carrying out my invention I provide a flat section lever A near one end of
which is jointed as by the cross pin B a metal loop C preferably formed of a
sheet metal blank such as represented by Fig. 4 which is folded centrally at the
dotted lines c¹ c¹ thus forming a loop C of two thicknesses of metal which embrace
between them the end of the flat section lever A. The loop C and the lever A
are as aforesaid jointed together by the cross rivet or pin B so that the loop can
turn about the pin B in a plane parallel with the face of the lever A. The
interior shape of the loop Û is hexagonal at or is a hole with two of its
sides making an angle of 60 degrees so as to suit hexagonal nuts.
end of the lever A near which the loop part C is jointed is enlarged and made
of a curved shape the distance of which from the pin B gradually increases
from a to a², so that when the loop part C is turned towards the part a' of the
curve the lever does not protrude at all or but very little across the opening c
in the loop C and thus the said opening will take a large nut which will be
pressed against the two inclined sides of the interior of the loop by the
curved part al a² of the lever acting against the nut D like a cam when the lever
is turned in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1 to turn the nut, thus
securely holding the nut D between the two inclined sides c³c of the loop and
the curved end of the lever A.
When the loop part C is placed on a smaller nut and the lever A is turned in
the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1 to turn the nut the curved
end a a² of the lever protrudes further across the opening 2 of the loop C thus
diminishing the said opening and pressing the nut against the two inclined
sides of the loop, as before. Thus the opening in the loop C will suit
various sizes of hexagonal nuts by merely turning the loop C to such a position
on the lever A that the curved end of the lever fits against one of the flat sides
of the nut and presses the nut against the two inclined sides c³ c¹ of the loop C.
It will be understood that the part C may if desired be made as a metal
casting or forging as shewn by Fig. 5 instead of being made of a folded sheet
metal blank as shewn in Figs. 1 and 4.

page_text: When my invention is applied to a double ended spanner as shewn for
instance by Figs. 2 and 3, the lever A is made curved at both ends and each
end is fitted with one of the said looped parts which in this case are marked
respectively CC, the loop part C being of the size to take certain sizes of
larger nuts and the loop part being made of the proper size to take the various
sizes of smaller nuts. The loop part C is jointed to the spanner by a cross
pin B2 in the same way that the loop part C is jointed to the spanner by the cross
pin B.
When the spanner above described is not in use the loop part C or loop
parts CC3 can be turned and folded against the body of the lever A as shewn by
Fig. 3, so as to embrace the same and thus occupy but little space.
In the arrangement of my invention represented by Fig. 6 the lever part A
of the spanner is made from a sheet metal blank such as represented by Fig. 7
which is about the same size and shape as two of the levers laid side by side and
this blank is folded longitudinally along its centre line a³ and the two portions
brought together side by side so that the lever will then be somewhat of a
U-shape in cross section as represented in Fig. 6. In this case the loop part
marked C3 in addition to embracing the outside of the lever A is also made with.
a central web which takes in between the two sides of the lever A as shewn.
In the spanner represented by Fig. 8 the loop part C3 is also made with a
central web as in the arrangement represented by Fig. 6 and the lever part A.
is made of two sheet metal side plates marked respectively aa and an inter-
mediate or filling up plate at the latter being of the same thickness as the central
web of the loop part C. These plates at a³at are secured together by being
rivetted together at f.
When my improved spanner is required for turning nuts on shafts or stay bars
or bolts which are so fixed or placed at both ends that the loop Cor loops C¹ C
could not be placed on the nut owing to the said loop being continuous, I make
the said loop in two parts as represented for instance by Figs. 9 and 11 the two
parts being respectively marked DD2 both of which are jointed by the cross
pin B to the lever A and are made to fit together at their outer ends d'd so
that when jointed together as represented in Fig. 9, the parts D¹ D³ will together
form a loop having the same interior shape as in the spanners herein before
described. The two parts D¹ D² are secured together by an ordinary pin such for
instance as that marked E and shewn separately by Fig. 10 and which passes
through the holes ³, d in the parts D1 D2 Thus in using this spanner the cross
pin E can be withdrawn from the holes 3d and the two parts D1 D2 of the
loop opened away from each other as represented in Fig. 11 so that they can
readily be embraced round the nut on the shaft or the like and then they can
be secured together by the cross pin E and the spanner used to turn the nut as
hereinbefore described in reference to Fig. 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination in an adjustable spanner of a lever and a loop made with a
transverse hole adapted to receive hexagonal nuts of different sizes and made to
embrace the lever end and jointed thereto, said lever end being so curved that
when the loop is placed on the nut and the lever is turned the nut is gripped
between the lever end and the loop, substantially as described.
.
2. The combination in an adjustable spanner of a lever and two loops each
made with a transverse hole adapted to receive hexagonal nuts of different sizes
and made to embrace the lever ends and jointed thereto, said lever ends being so
curved that when either of the loops is placed on the nut and the lever is turned
the nut is gripped between the lever end and the loop, substantially as described.
3. The combination in an adjustable spanner of a lever and a loop made in
two parts so as to form a transverse hole adapted to receive hexagonal nuts of

page_text: different sizes and made to embrace the lever end and jointed thereto said lever
end being so curved that when the loop is placed on the nut and the lever is
turned the nut is gripped between the lever end and the loop substantially as
described.
Total thi 07th dow of Mov 1800