IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY PUMPS OR MOTORS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS. PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields, in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ROTARY PUMPS OR MOTORS" Communicated to him from Baron Gustave
Greindl and Louis Poillon persons resident at Paris in the Republic of
France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1883.
19
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY PUMPS AND MOTORS a communication
from Baron Gustave Greindl and Louis Poillon persons resident at Paris in the
Republic of France
This Invention relates to Improvements hereinafter described in the general
arrangements construction and details of rotary pumps known as Greindl pumps
and has for its object to render the said pumps more efficient and regular in
working than hitherto
In rotary pumps constructed according to this Invention the suction and delivery
orifices may be placed in the same vertical plane on one and the same side of the
case or otherwise and motion is imparted to the pump (by means of a pulley) from
the shaft of the cylinder provided with the epicycloidal recess or recesses to the
shaft of the drum or cylinder carrying the wings or blades which alternately enter
the said recess or recesses the motion from one shaft to the other being transmitted
by V or angular toothed gearing wheels, in order to avoid the shocks or backlash
which are inevitable when ordinary gearing is employed the work performed by
the pump being done by the two drums or cylinders alternately and successively.
In order to obtain absolute rigidity in the shafts and obviate all possibility of
their yielding and thereby disturbing the regular action of the drums or cylinders
the dimensions of these shafts are increased and suitable bearings preferably four
are provided the two outer ones being sufficiently near together to obtain the
desired effect namely to maintain the cylinders in such respective positions that
they are not liable to press against the sides of the case and thereby produce
excessive friction

page_text: It is preferred to drive the shaft carrying the wings or blades from the shaft
carrying the recessed cylinder or abutment thus reducing and equalising the wear
of the gear wheels and obviating noise
In order to avoid the straining and damage resulting from the irregular move-
mements of a heavy column of water and utilise the motive power to the best
advantage lateral chambers communicating with the working chamber are provided
in the sides of the pump casing, the object of these chambers is to prevent the
compressing action which invariably produces great waste of power and occasionally
breakage
In order to form the lateral chambers without inconveniently augmenting the
size of the pump the revolving pistons or blades are made longer than the central
cylindrical part on which the pistons or blades are carried and the sides of the case
being bulged inwards so as to fit against the sides of the central part and blades is
provided in the casting for making the required chambers without inconvenience,
Access to the interior of the chambers may be obtained by means of orifices
provided with suitable plugs or stoppers-The pump may be constructed with two
or more blades or pistons in combination with a cylinder having one or more
epicycloidal recesses
This pump is not only applicable to pumping all descriptions of liquids but also
to pumping gaseous mixtures and in particular as an air pump for steam engines or
evaporating apparatus.
The pump may be worked by an independent motor or be combined with a
direct acting motor of any suitable construction.
The functions of the pump may be reversed so as to enable it to act as a motor
or transmitter of power when acted on by a suitable head or fall of water

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th October 1883.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY PUMPS OR MOTORS" a communication
to me from Baron Gustave Greindl and Louis Poillon persons resident at Paris in
the Republic of France
This Invention relates to improvements hereinafter described in the general
arrangement construction and details of rotary pumps of the class described in the
Specification to Letters Patent granted to William Lloyd Wise dated April fourth
One thousand eight hundred and seventy three N° 1252 and known as Greindl
pumps and it has for its object to render the said pumps more efficient and regular
in working than hitherto
In these rotary pumps constructed according to the present Invention the suction
and delivery orifices may be placed in the same vertical plane on one and the same
side of the case or otherwise and motion is imparted to the pump by means of a
pulley on the shaft of the cylinder provided with the epicycloidal recess or recesses
and is communicated by this shaft to the shaft of the drum or cylinder carrying
the wings or blades which alternately enter the said recess or recesses, the motion
from one shaft to the other being transmitted by angular or V toothed wheels as
hereinafter described. The shafts are made larger in proportion to the size of the
case and are arranged nearer together than heretofore and the shaft carrying the
wings or blades is driven from the shaft carrying the recessed cylinder. In order
to prevent loss of power from compression the working chamber communicates
with lateral chambers or pockets hereinafter described which render the working
more smooth and regular.
The internal working parts and the inside of the casings of these pumps being
liable to suffer from the action of corrosive or muddy liquids the difficulty in
obtaining access to the interior of this class of pumps as heretofore constructed
constitutes a serious disadvantage. The improved pumps are so arranged that the
interior may be readily inspected and repairs effected without difficulty. This
result is obtained by making the body of the pump in sections which adinit of
being readily exchanged when worn or which may be provided with a lining or
covering that admits of being renewed without difficulty.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the
several figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the corresponding figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a sectional elevation taken along the
line 1-2, Figure 3, passing through the axis of the drum carrying the blades or
wings and shewing the general arrangement of the pump.
Figures 2 and 3 are respectively a plan and a transverse section of the same.
Figures 4. 5. 6. and 7 represent the working parts in different relative
positions.
Figure 8 illustrates a modification according to which the suction and exhaust
orifices are located in the same vertical plane.
Figure 9 represents in diagram a series of eleven sections taken along the dotted
lines in Figure 3 and shewing the internal contour of lateral chambers or pockets
hereinafter described.
Figures 10 and 11 drawn to a larger scale are respectively a plan and a section
(taken along the line 3-4, figure 10) of one half of the pump.

page_text: Figure 12 is a section taken along the line 5-6, Figure 10, representing a pump
constructed with four wings and a case or body made in detachable segments the
suction and exhaust orifices being situated in the same vertical plane.
Figure 13 is a balf plan and Figure 14 a vertical section along the line 7-8,
Figure 13, of a pump with four wings of the ordinary type and a case in separable 5
sections
Figure 16 is a similar section of a pump with two wings or blades.
Figure 16 is a section of a case for a pump with two wings, the section being
taken along the axis of the suction and exhaust pipe, the cylinders being
removed.
Figures 17 and 18 are respectively an elevation and a half plan of a double
bearing or plummer block for supporting the shafts and facilitating the adjustment
of the latter,
1
Figure 19 and 20 are side elevations and Figures 21. 22 and 23 end elevations,
partly in section, all representing cylinders with blades or wings provided with 1
shoes or wearing surfaces capable of being renewed when worn out.
Figure 24 represents a side elevation and transverse section and fig 25 is a
plan of a key similar to that described in the Specification to Letters Patent
granted to John Henry Johnson and dated December Fourteenth in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two N° 5976 which key may be
advantageously employed in combination with this apparatus
As shewn in Figures 1 and 2, motion imparted to a pulley A on a shaft D is
transmitted by angular toothed gearing wheels B. C. to a shaft E on which is keyed
a cylinder H carrying blades or wings H' revolving in a case O. On the shaft D
is keyed a cylinder F provided with epicycloidal recesses F¹. Rotary motion being
imparted to the shafts D and E, the wings or blades H' alternately engage with
the recesses F¹ thereby drawing in the water through a suction orifice W into the
case O and expelling it in a continuous stream through a discharge orifice W¹ in
the same manner as in the ordinary Greindl pump. By reversing the action, the
water being employed as the motive power, it is evident that the apparatus may be
employed as a motor.
It is found in practice that the action of the cylinder and blades is liable to wear
the interior of the pump casing O somewhat rapidly especially when dealing with
muddy or impure water. To provide against this the arrangement hereinafter
described is employed. This arrangement is applicable to all apparatus of this class:
but is more conveniently employed in the case of pumps working with four blades
or wings H¹ as shewn in figures 12 and 14 In the latter case all the work is
performed as regards the case during one quarter of a revolution of the wings or
blades and if this work is done while the blade is traversing the upper part of the
pump case (from a to b for example as indicated in figures 12, 14 and 16) the wings.
or blades H² only come in contact with the side of the case at the part between the
points a and b, consequently if the case be made, in two or three separable parts
bolted together as shewn in these figures, the upper part alone will be exposed to
wear and when worn out may be exchanged for a new piece suitably adjusted.
As a further development of this improvement the internal surface of the pump
case at the parts where it is exposed to wear may be lined with a removeable lining
as shewn at a b c d (figures 15 and 16) firmly secured either by screws a¹ (figure 16)
or simply by dovetails b¹ as shewn in figure 15.
The same provision may be made in the cases working with two bladed cylinders
as shewn in figure 15, but in this case the work of the said cylinder being distri-
buted over the whole of the right hand half of the case O it becomes necessary to
provide a removeable lining a b for this half of the case, a similar arrangement
being employed at c d on the left hand side of the case.
Those parts of the blades H¹ or of the recessed cylinders F that are exposed to
wear may likewise be provided with removeable shoes or covers a² This arrange-
ment is illustrated under various modifications in figures 11. 12. 14. 15. 19. 20. 21,
22 and 23 which represent different modes of attaching the shoes a³, which may be

page_text: fastened by bolts or screws e (figure 11) or by a dovetail e¹ or other suitable
arrangement. In certain cases it may be advantageous to form the wearing surfaces
by means of a white metal compound suitably prepared for working under water
and cast on the working parts.
In order to facilitate the operations of removing and replacing the shafts carrying
the cylinders; specially constructed plummer blocks K are employed as indicated
in Figures 17 and 18. These plummer blocks are constructed with double caps K'
engaging with both shafts D and E simultaneously.
In working Greindl pumps as heretofore constructed it has been found difficult
to cause the two shafts to act truly in concert with that absolute precision and
regularity that is necessary to ensure the maximum of useful effect
According to the present Invention this difficulty is removed by the employment
of the gearing B. C. having V or angular teeth as shewn in figure which cause
the two shafts D and E to act invariably in concert and prevent any back lash or
irregularity in the working.
In order to avoid the straining and damage resulting from the irregular move-
ments or impulses of a heavy column of water and to enable the motive power to
be utilised to the best advantage the interior of the pump case is placed in commu-
nication with lateral chambers or pockets M which are arranged in the improved
apparatus as shown in figures 1. 2. 3. 8 and 9.
According to this arrangement the cylinder H carrying the blades or wings H¹is
made shorter than the said blades or wings (figure 1) thereby allowing room for
the pocket M to extend into the body of the case. By these means the pockets
are enabled to be made of relatively large dimensions without projecting incon-
veniently from the side of the case. The dangerous compressing action of the
pump which invariably produces great waste of power, and even breakage, is
thereby entirely obviated. The sides of the case are extended inwards as shewn
at N Figures 1 and 11 so as to fit against the ends of the cylinder H. These
pockets regulate the movement of the liquid so effectually that the air chambers
usually employed may be dispensed with.
Motion is imparted to the apparatus by means of the pulley A which is fixed on
the shaft D carrying the recessed cylinder F. By thus applying the motive power
directly to the smaller shaft the apparatus is caused to work with greater smooth-
ness and steadiness than when the shaft carrying the recessed cylinder is driven
from the shaft carrying the wings or blades as in the arrangement heretofore
employed.
Pumps on the same principles for small quantities of liquid are more advanta
geously constructed according to this Invention with two cylinders of precisely
similar form having preferably two or four blades of equal length and partaking of
the same rotary motion. By this novel arrangement the apparatus is rendered more
compact and occupies less space relatively to its working capacity. Figures 26 and
27 are two vertical sections of a pump with two cylinders the section in Figure 26
being taken along a plane perpendicular to the axes of the cylinders and through
the axis of the suction and exhaust pipes and Figure 27 being a section taken
along the line -y., Figure 26, in a plane parallel to the axes of the cylinders.
As in the arrangements hereinbefore described; this apparatus is provided with
two revolving shafts D and E carrying .cylinders D' E' The cylinder D¹ is pro-
vided with wings or blades, D³, which as the shaft D rotates engage successively
with recesses E formed between corresponding wings or blades E³ carried by the
cylinder E¹ and in like manner the blades E2 engage alternately with recesses D³
formed between the blades D' The combined action of these blades or wings and
recesses thus draws in the water at one side of the case and forces it out at the
other, as in the case of the apparatus hereinbefore described.
Figure 28 is a horizontal section of the same pump in a plane passing through
the axes of both the cylinders.
Figures 29. 30 and 31. represent a pump with two cylinders and four blades or
wings, Figure 29 is a vertical section of the pump in a plane passing through the

page_text: :
axis of the suction and exhaust pipes. Figure 30 is a section of the case taken
along the line 9-10, Figure 31, which is a plan of the pump and driving gear.
Figure 32 is a vertical section of a pump case arranged for two cylinders with
four wings or blades and made in two parts, the wearing parts being arranged at
the upper side.
Figures 33 and 34 illustrate in end and side elevation respectively an arrange-
ment consisting of two cylinders having double blades of the same length as the
cylinders.
Figures 35 and 36 are respectively side and end elevations of two cylinders with
four wings projecting beyond the ends of the cylinders.
Figures 37 and 38 represent in end and side elevation an arrangement in which
two cylinders each provided with two projecting wings are employed.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is.
First. The improvements in rotary pumps and motors consisting in constructing
and arranging the various working parts thereof substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompany drawings.
Second. In rotary pumps or motors constructed as herein before set forth
connecting the two shafts D and E by means of V or angular toothed gearing
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
Third. In rotary pumps arranged and operating as herein before set forth
driving the shaft carrying the wings or blades from the shaft carrying the
recessed cylinder substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
i
Fourth. The employment in rotary pumps constructed as herein before set forth
of the lateral chambers or pockets as and for the purpose substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. The employment in rotary pumps or motors constructed as hereinbefore
'set forth of two Drums or Cylinders each carrying a similar series of blades or
wings so arranged that the blades or wings on each cylinder engage with
epicycloidal recesses formed between the blades or wings on the other cylinder
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof I the said John Henry Johnson have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal this twelfth day of October One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.