IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TREADING OF HEALDS AND WARP THREADS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Poole, of Bradford, in the County of York, Over-
AND
looker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF
APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TREADING OF HEALDS AND WARP THREADS
FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 7th March 1879, and dated the 18th December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Poole at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1878.
JAMES POOLE, of Bradford, in the County of York, Overlooker.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TREADING OF HEALDS
AND WARP THREADS FOR WEAVING."
The object of my Invention is to regulate healds in looms for weaving when the
healds are kept in tension by springs or weights or by means of levers in such a
manner that the apparatus is simplefied and more certain in its action than the
machines now used for such purposes.
When springs or weights are used for keeping the healds in tension, I accomplish
my object in the following manner:-I construct a framework which is fitted to
the loom in a similar position to the apparatus now in common use, in this frame-
work I mount shafts on which are fitted levers that are in connection with the
bottom shaft of the loom; on these shafts are other levers that are in connection
with draw knives that slide in grooves formed in the framework. In the said
framework I mount a cylinder shaft, to which is fitted a lever that is in connection
with the top shaft of the loom; on the cylinder shaft I fix other levers, at the end
of which I mount the card cylinder which has a vertical oscillating motion; over
this cylinder I place a number of needles having projections formed on one side;
between each pair of needles I place draw bars; the ends of each pair of draw bars
are attached together by means of a cord, which passes round a pulley that is
secured to the top rod. When the apparatus is in motion the needles that are
Price 6d 1

page_text: lifted by the card on the cylinder lift the top or bottom draw bars clear of the draw
knife, and thus not move the healds. If the needles are not lifted the healds
- will be actuated.
I can also accomplish my object with modified draw bars which are placed
between the needles, as before described. At the ends of each draw bar next the
centre of the loom I joint a draw hook, and when the draw bars are actuated, as
before described, the draw hooks will hook hold of the top rod and actuate the
healds,
My improved apparatus is also applicable for working healds when weaving such
goods where springs and weights are not used for keeping the healds in tension;
this is accomplished by applying draw bars of a different kind to those before
described. These draw bars are mounted in the apparatus "between "the draw
knives, and the needles, which are of the ordinary description, are actuated by the
card cylinder, as before described. Each pair of draw bars are jointed together,
and the long draw bars are attached to one end of a series of tee levers centred on
a pin as fulcrum, the tee levers are also attached to a series of bellcrank levers, and
to the healds and ordinary levers fixed at the bottom side of the healds. The draw
knives and card cylinder are actuated by the top shaft of the loom, and when the
card cylinder lifts any of the needles the same lifts the short draw bar or bars into
contact with the top draw knife, which will slide the bars lifted towards the centre
of the loom and lower the healds in connection with the draw bars actuated.
If the healds that are down are required to change for the next pick, the draw
bars in connection therewith will not be lifted by the card needles, but be slided
back by the bottom draw knife, and thus lift the healds.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Poole in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th June 1879.
JAMES POOLE, of Bradford, in the County of York, Overlooker. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TREADING OF HEALDS
AND WARP THREADS FOR WEAVING."
The object of my Invention is to regulate healds in looms for weaving when the
healds are kept in tension by springs or weights, or by means of levers in such a
manner that the apparatus is simplefied and more certain in its action than the
machines now used for such purposes.
+
When springs or weights are used for keeping the healds in tension, I accomplish
my object in the following manner :-I construct a framework which is fitted to
the loom in a similar position to the apparatus now in common use; in this frame-
work I mount two shafts, on which I secure levers that are in connection with a
crank on the bottom shaft of the loom; on the before mentioned shafts, and at each
side of the framework, I attach other levers which are in connection with two
draw knives that are placed one above the other and slide in suitable grooves
formed in the framework. In the said framework I mount a cylinder shaft to
which is fixed a lever that is in connection with an eccentric secured on the top or
crank shaft of the loom, to this cylinder shaft I fix two more levers, at the ends of
which I mount the card cylinder which has a vertical oscillating motion, and is
turned at cach pick in the usual manner. In a vertical position over the card
cylinder I place in suitable guides a number of needles corresponding with the
number of healds required to weave the piece, each of these needles has two
projections the purposes of which will be hereafter described. The spaces between
each of the before named needles form a grate, and act as a guide through which
I place two draw bars, one above the other; these bars are thicker at one end at
which is formed a notch; the other ends of each pair of draw bars are attached
together by means of a cord, strap, or chain, which passes round a pulley that is
secured to what is commonly known as top rod; these top rods are secured to the
ordinary bell crank levers and healds in the usual manner. When the loom and
apparatus are in motion, the draw knives slide backward and forward in the
before mentioned grooves, the top knife sliding forward towards the centre of the
loom, and the bottom knife backward and "vice versa," and when the said knives
are at each end of the stroke, the card cylinder (around which the cards are
attached in the usual manner) is lifted and lifts those needles that are "not"
opposite the holes in the card that is at the top of the cylinder, when one of the
projections on the needles lifted will come in contact with the notch in the top or
bottom draw bar or bars, and lift the same clear of the draw knife, that is, at the
forward end of the stroke, and on the return stroke the draw knife will leave the
draw bar or bars thus lifted and the healds in connection therewith will not be
moved, providing the healds are at the bottom. At the next pick of the loom, the
card cylinder which will have turned and changed the card will again lift up, and
those needles that are in connection with the healds that are required to change,
will "not" be lifted, but will pass through the holes formed in the card, and on
the return stroke of the draw knife (say for example the bottom knife) will slide
the draw bar or bars that have not been lifted back with it, and the cord, strap or
chain, attached to the other ends of the draw bars, will pass round the pullies in
the top rods and draw the same towards the apparatus, and raise the healds in
connection therewith. On the return stroke of the bottom draw knife the card
will again have changed, and if any of the healds last actuated are required to stop
up the needles in connection therewith will not be lifted, but again pass through
holes in the card, and the top draw knife will slide the top draw bar back from the
centre of the loom, at the same time that the bottom draw bar is sliding towards
the centre of the loom; and the cord, strap, or chain will pass round the pullies in
the top rods, and thus the healds will be stationary.

page_text: I can also accomplish my object when springs or weights are used for keeping
the healds in tension with a modified draw bar, which is arranged in the following
manner :- The draw bars are placed in the spaces between the needles as before
described, and to the ends of each draw bar next the centre of the loom is jointed a
draw hook; cach pair of hooks are in connection with a top rod that is attached to
the bell crank levers and healds. The needles are actuated as before described,
and when any of the draw bars are lifted by the needles, the healds that are in
connection with such draw bars will remain unmoved providing that the healds are at
the bottom, but if any of the needles pass through the holes in the card and are
"not" lifted, the draw knife (say for example the top draw. knife) will actuate the
draw bar and raise the healds in connection therewith, and if any of the same
healds are not required to change for the next pick, the needles will again pass
through holes in the card and the bottom draw knife will actuate the bottom draw
bar and hook which will hook hold of the top rod when the first named draw bar
has lowered the healds to the centre, and raise them again to the top of the
"shed."
Or I can cause the healds to remain stationary by the introduction of a catch to
each top rod, at the end next the apparatus, these catches when the healds are
lifted hook hold of a bar, and thus hold up the healds until the catch or catches is
or are lifted by the needles.
My improved apparatus is also applicable for working healds when weaving such
goods where springs and weights are not used for keeping the healds in tension;
this is accomplished by applying draw bars of a different kind to those before
described. These draw bars are mounted in the apparatus "between" the draw
knives, and the needles, which are of the ordinary description, are actuated by the
card cylinder, as before described. Each pair of draw bars are jointed together,
the long draw bars are attached to one end of a series of tee levers centred on a pin
as fulcrum; these tee lovers are also attached to a series of bell crank levers, and to
the healds and ordinary levers fixed at the bottom side of the healds. The draw
knives and card cylinder are actuated by the top shaft in the loom, and when the
card on the card cylinder lifts any of the needles, the same lifts what I call the
short draw bar or bars into contact with the top draw knife, which will slide and
draw the bars lifted towards the centre of the loom, and the healds that are in
connection with the draw bars thus actuated will be lowered, and the tension of
the healds remain the same. If the healds that are down are not required to
change, the next pick or for any number of picks the draw bars in connection with
the said healds will again be lifted; but if they are required to change, the draw
bars in connection therewith will not be lifted by the card needles, but will be
slided back by the bottom draw knife, and thus lift the healds.
In order that my Invention and the manner of performing the same may be
properly understood, I have hereunto appended one Sheet of explanitory Drawings,
shewing my apparatus and modified draw bars to be hereafter referred to.
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my apparatus and connections with the
healds when kept in tension by means of springs or weights; Figure 2 is a side
elevation of my apparatus with one side of the framework removed; Figure 3 is a
front view; Figure 4 is an enlarged view of my improved needle; Figure 5 is a
front view of the same; Figure 6 is a detail of my draw bar; Figure 7 is a plan of
the same; Figure 8 is a view of my apparatus fitted with modified draw bars and
hooks, which can be used when the healds are kept in tension by means of springs
or weights; Figures 9 and 10 are details of my modified draw har and hook. In
all the Figures similar letters represent similar parts.
The framework of my apparatus is indicated by the letter A which is fitted to
the loom in the same manner as an ordinary machine; B, B, are two shafts mounted
in the framework on which I secure the levers C and C¹, which are connected
together by means of rod D, the lever C¹ is connected by rod D¹ to a crank secured
on the bottom shaft of loom, which imparts a reciprocating motion to the said
levers C and C¹. To the shafts B, B, I mount the levers E and E¹, these levers are

page_text: connected by rods F and F¹ to the draw knives G and G¹, which slide backward
and forward in the grooves H. I mount another shaft J in the said framework on
which I secure levers K and K¹, the lever K¹ is connected by rod K³, with an
eccentric fixed on the crank shaft of the loom; at one end of the levers K I mount
the card cylinder L, which has a vertical oscillating motion and is turned at each
pick of the loom in the ordinary manner. Above this cylinder and centrally with
the same, I place the needles M; on the edge of each of these needles are two
projections M and M², the needles are placed through holes formed in the bars N,
and between each pair of needles I place two draw bars N' and N*; the ends of
each pair of draw bars at N³ are secured together by means of strap 0, which
passes round the pulley 01 that is secured to top rod O2, which is attached to the
bell cranks and healds. When the loom and apparatus are in motion, and the card
cylinder L lifts any of the needles M, the projections M¹ will come in contact with
the top draw bar N', at the thick end Q (if in the position as shewn in Drawings),
and lift the same clear of the draw knife G, the other draw knife will slide the
bottom draw bars towards the centre of the loom, and allow the springs or weights
at the bottom of the healds to draw down the same; if the projections Na lift any
of the bottom bars N2, the springs or weights will draw down the healds as
described.
If any of the needles M are not lifted, the healds will remain stationary, the top
draw bar N' receeding back from the centre of the loom, at the same time the
bottom draw bar M³ is sliding forwards; the strap O will pass round the pulley O¹,
and thus not move the healds in connection therewith.
The bars P form a stop and support for the draw bars when they are drawn out
the same as N¹.
My modified draw bars are actuated as before described, they are somewhat
shorter and have a joint formed at P', to which is fitted the draw hooks Pº, these
hooks slide through the guards R, and each pair of hooks are held in position by
means of springs R¹. When the draw bars are actuated by the draw knives, the
hooks P come in contact with the pins P³ on the projection of top rod 0%, and lift
or lower the healds connected therewith.
At the end of each top rod I joint a catch W, which hooks hold of a bar W',
when the top rod is drawn towards the apparatus and holds up the healds
connected with the top rod actuated, until liberated by the projection Y on
needle.
When healds are kept in tension by means of bottom levers, I employ draw bars
of a different description to those before described, the apparatus I employ is
illustrated by Figure 11, which represents a side elevation and connections with
the healds and bottom levers. Figure 12 is a side elevation with one side of the
framework removed. Figure 13 is an enlarged view of my draw bars, and
Figure 14 is a plan of the same. The draw knives and card cylinder are actuated
as before described, and between the draw knives G and G¹, I place the draw bars
T and T¹, which are jointed together at T, the ends of draw bars T are jointed to
the ordinary tee levers U and attached to bell cranks V, one end of each of the tee
levers and bell cranks are attached to the healds, and the tee levers at U¹ are
attached to the ordinary bottom levers. When the apparatus is in motion, and the
needles M lift any of the draw bars T' into contact with the top draw knife G, the
same will slide the draw bars towards the centre of the loom, and cause the healds
connected with the draw bars actuated to fall, and if any of the draw bars T¹ are
not lifted by the needles the draw knife G¹ will actuate the draw bars and lift the
healds.
Having thus described the manner in which I actuate the healds when kept in
tension by means of springs or weights, and by bottom levers, I wish it to be
understood that what I claim as my Invention is,-
The arrangement of draw knives and draw bars in combination with pullies
secured in the top rods, substantially for the purposes hereinbefore described,

page_text: The arrangement of draw knives and draw bars and hooks in combination with
the top rods, substantially for the purposes hereinbefore described.
The arrangement of draw knives and draw bars in connection with tee levers,
substantially for the purpose hereinbefore described.
The arrangement of needles with two projections for lifting the draw bars,
substantially for the purpose hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Poole, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy eight.
Witness,
JOHN WAUGH,
Engineering and Patent Office,
Bradford,
Yorks.
JAMES POOLE. (L.S.)