IMPROVED COMPOUNDS OR COMPOSITIONS IN IMITATION OF MARBLE, VENNER, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FANCY AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Snell, of the City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVED COMPOUNDS OR COMPOSITIONS
IN IMITATION OF MARBLE, VENNER, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES TO BE USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF FANCY AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 7th January 1870, and dated 3rd November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Snell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd November 1869.
I, EDWARD SNELL, of the City Road, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED COMPOUNDS
OR COMPOSITIONS IN IMITATION OF MARBLE, VENEER, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FANCY AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as
follows:-
My improved compounds or compositions in imitation of marble,
veneer, and other substances may be manufactured in various ways and
of various substances, a tabular list of which with their approximate
proportions and the different processes I employ for the manufacture of
each compound being given below.

page_text: وو
I first dissolve the glue in the water, then boil the resin in the solution
of potash or soda until it is reduced to the consistency of jelly. I add
these two mixtures together, and then mix therewith the glycerine and
allow the whole mass to simmer for a few minutes, any desirable color
being added to the mixture when in a liquid state to represent the
required ornamentation
I take of oil
No. 4.
-
1 part.
carbonate or sulphate of lime 4
وو
I grind these substances well together, and mix therewith any suitable
color to represent the veneer or other substance desired to be imitated.

page_text: I dissolve the glue in the water, then add the gold size and dryers,
and mix therewith any desired color, as before mentioned.
The colors are mixed with the various glutinous compounds or com-
positions by twisting and pressing them into intimate contact with each
other between the fingers or by other suitable means, whereby streaks
or veins of color or other desired device may be produced in the com-
position in imitation of veneer, marble, and other substances having
ornamental surfaces. These said compounds or compositions may be laid
on to the wood or other material required to be ornamented either in a
soft and most state and afterwards rolled out thereon to a smooth surface,
or they may be first rolled out in the form of a slab or sheet and attached
to the surface to be ornamented by glue or other adhesive substance.
These compounds or compositions may be made perfectly waterproof by
adding thereto oil, gold size, or other waterproofing substance, as in
compositions Nos. 2 and 5, and will not crack or warp as ordinary
veneers are apt to do by change of temperature or other external causes;
moreover if any part of such composition should by rough usage be
chipped off the article to which it has been applied it can be readily
replaced in perfect harmony with the remainder of the veneer. The
slabs or sheets may either be rolled out by hand or by placing them
between a pair of revolving cylinders, and may be made in any suitable
shape or form to suit the article desired to be ornamented therewith.
The surface of the veneer is capable of receiving a very fine polish, and
I prefer to prepare the surface for this polish by rubbing it when hard
with pumice or rotten stone and oil until it becomes perfectly smooth.
I then apply to this smooth surface "French" or other desirable polish
in the ordinary way.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Snell in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
SNELL, of the City Road, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-third

page_text: year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Edward Snell, Her special licence that I, the
said Edward Snell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Edward Snell, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVED COMPOUNDS OR COMPOSITIONS IN IMITATION OF MARBLE,
VENEER, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FANCY AND
OTHER ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Snell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Snell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My improved compounds or compositions are intended to be used in
imitation of marble, veneer, and other substances, and may be manu-
factured in various ways and of various ingredients, a tabular list of
which with their approximate proportions and the different processes
I employ for the manufacture of each compound being given below.
I first dissolve the glue in the water, then boil the resin in the
solution of potash or soda until it is reduced to the consistency of jelly.
I add these two mixtures together, and then mix therewith the glycerine 3
and allow the whole mass to simmer for a few minutes, any desirable
color being added to the mixture when in a liquid state to represent the
required ornamentation.

page_text: I dissolve the glue in the lime water and the resin in the oil, then
mix therewith the potash or soda and allow the compound to simmer
for any desirable length of time, and I add to the said compound any
required color to imitate the veneer, marble, or other substance.
I take of gold size
dryers
glue
water
No. 5.
-
1 part.
-
2
"
-
2
وو
6
"3
I dissolve the glue in the water, then add the gold size and dryers,
and mix therewith any desired color, as before mentioned.
The colors are mixed with the various glutinous compounds or com-
positions by twisting and pressing them into intimate contact with each
other between the fingers or by other suitable means, whereby streaks
or veins of color or other desired device may be produced in the com-
position in imitation of veneer, marble, and other substances having
ornamental surfaces. The said compounds or compositions may be laid
on to the wood or other material required to be ornamented either in a
soft and moist state and afterwards rolled out thereon to a smooth
surface, or they may be first rolled out into a slab or sheet and attached

page_text: to the surface to be ornamented by glue or other adhesive substance.
These compounds or compositions may be made perfectly waterproof by
adding thereto oil, gold size, or other waterproofing substance, as in
compositions Nos. 2 and 5, and they will not crack or warp as ordinary
veneers are apt to do by change of temperature or other external causes;
moreover if any part of such composition should by rough usage be
chipped off the article to which it has been applied it can be readily
replaced in perfect harmony with the remainder of the veneer. The
slabs or sheets may either be rolled out by hand or by placing them
between a pair of revolving cylinders, and may be made in any suitable
shape or form to suit the article desired to be ornamented therewith.
The surface of the veneer is capable of receiving a very high polish, and
I prefer to prepare the surface for this polish by rubbing it when hard
with pumice or rotten stone and oil until it becomes perfectly smooth.
I then apply to this smooth surface "French" or other desirable polish
in the ordinary way.
I claim the improved compounds or compositions herein specified and
their application to the manufacture of fancy and other articles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Snell, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of May One thousand eight
hundred and seventy.