Improvements in and connected with Nap Raising Rollers.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Nap Raising Rollers.
I, FRIEDRICH ERNST BERNHARDT, of 28, Nauendoferstr., Fischendorf in
Leisnig, e. S., in the Empire of Germany, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Repeated attempts have been made to replace the vegetable raising cards by
means of metal ones but such have shown serious drawbacks and thus not
answered as expected.
Thus for instance rotary metal raising cards have been made of brass discs
stamped out, furnished with suitable teeth and fitted against each other; to attain
the same end in a better manner a sheet of card clothing, in length equal to that
of the roller and in width like its circumference, has been placed around and
stitched together parallel to the axis of the roller.
This invention has for its object to use rollers covered with a peculiar kind of
fillet-card wound on spirally, furnished with teeth, the backs a, a', of which are
positioned parallel (see left half of Fig. 3, of annexed drawing) or nearly so (see
right half of Fig. 3) and the bends 6 of which are positioned at a right angle
(see left half of Fig. 3) or nearly so (see right half of Fig. 3) to the longitudinal
direction of the fillet card. The rollers thus covered are all mounted on a drum in
an inclined position to its axis, as shown in Fig. 1.
It may be remarked that heretofore fillet-card employed for raising and spinning
purposes with its ordinary tooth backs and bends did not offer any particular
difficulties in being wound on spirally, as the teeth of each pair take up a radial
position on their own accord owing to its back being positioned at a right angle to
the length of the fillet, so that the distances of the teeth and their points positioned
in a right angular plane to the axis of the roller were equal. This is substantially
different in fillet-card formed according to my invention, as the same, without the
use of an additional peculiar arrangement, would meet in practice with considerable
difficulties and would not work satisfactory.
This refers to the distances of the teeth ends in the mounted and unmounted
state of the fillet-card as well as the regulation of the same.
For this purpose in this invention the teeth are arranged, as shown in Fig. 5,
besides the distances d, d¹, Figs. 4 & 5, of the tooth ends of two adjacent pairs
pointing towards each other are so calculated that they are only equal or nearly
so to the distances c, c', Figs. 4 & 5, of both teeth ends of each tooth pair when
the fillet card has been mounted.
In addition to this particular form or arrangement of teeth in pairs, the points
of the same are ground specially, without which the raising rollers would not act
as required.
To this end the raising rollers A, covered as described, are mounted in bearings f,
Fig. 6, and the points of the teeth thereof ground by moving the same at a suitable
speed in the direction of the axis of the raising roller to and fro against the quickly
rotating emery disc e mounted, at a right angle thereto, in levers g, the raising
roller being also rotated constantly slowly around its axis. The to and fro motion
of the raising roller A is effected by the connecting rod and the wheel ' which
at the same time through the medium of the bevel wheels i & k effects the rotation
of the raising roller. The latter is mounted on a shaft which by means of a key
bed and key can freely move in the wheel k, so that in any position of the raising
roller or its bearing f, rotary motion is transmitted at uniform speed. The emery
disc e may be brought nearer to the teeth of the raising roller by adjusting the
screw 9, as may be required.

page_text: Fig. 7 represents the relative position of the emery disc e and roller A
enlarged.
This method of grinding.may also be reversed, if the slow to and fro motion of
the raising roller is transmitted onto the emery disc and the raising roller only
permitted to rotate, as shown for instance in Fig. 8. This movement may of
course be produced in various ways, bevel wheels i, k' and cord pulleys m, n being
shown in Fig. 8, as employed for this purpose. The said bevel wheels may be
dispensed with, if the arrangement shown on the left hand of Fig. 9 is employed,
the rotary motion of the raising roller then being effected by the cord pulleys m', n'
alone. By employing the raising rollers inclined on a drumo (see right half of
Fig. 9) which rotates slowly, the rotation of the raising rollers around their own
axis may be effected direct from the emery discs, their being also the advantage of
attaining the circumferential surfaces of a blunt ellipsoid, which the raising rollers
must possess in any case. This ellipsoidal circumferential surface, may also be
attained by raising rollers which are not set at an incline during the grinding by
regularly lifting and lowering the emery disc e for which again many different
mechanical arrangements may be used. As an example, eccentrics p, p¹, shown in
Figs. 6 & 8, may be employed for this purpose. Regulating screws q', q² are also
arranged in the other constructions Figs. 8 & 9, similar to g in Fig. 6, so that the
emery discs e may be correspondingly adjusted on becoming gradually worn.
In order that my improved raising roller described may not have the defects
which all others have of catching more or less of the uneven portion of the nap
surface and taking the same with it until they get into the bearings and ultimately
cause the raising rollers to stop, the ends of the latter are furnished with smooth
metal discs (Figs. 2 & 3). These discs protect the end of the raising roller as
well as the bearings, owing to being allowed to project from the periphery of the
raising roller and admit of a rubber rings being inserted so that the first and the
last row of teeth, receive a considerable support.
go
The flat springs employed hitherto on the bearings of the raising rollers, whether
rivetted, screwed, thereto or ground in, are also defective as the nap very often
catches on the same and is the cause of damaging the goods.
To obviate this defect the said flat springs are substituted by means of spiral
springs t, positioned in a cavity u in the boss of the bearing (Figs. 2, 3, 10, 11, 12).
This cavity may be opened and closed by means of a screw v, Fig. 2, and cap w
with bayonet fastening, Fig. 11, for the purpose of introducing the spring from
behind if desirable the spring may be introduced in front and the back of the
cavity provided with a bottom, but in this case it will be necessary to use an extra
fixed bush X, Fig. 12, or a movable centre study, Fig. 10.
In each of the three modifications shown in Figs. 10, 11 & 12 a metal disc z is
employed, which serves as an abutment for the spindle of the raising roller and
transmits the pressure exerted thereon onto the spiral spring t.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is―
1st. A nap raising roller with fillet-card wound on spirally, the teeth backs o
which a, a' are positioned parallel or nearly so and the teeth bends b at a right
angle or nearly so, to the longitudinal direction of the fillet and in which the
distances C, c' of the points of a pair of teeth, the distance d, d' of the ends are
equal or nearly so with two adjacent pairs of teeth pointing towards each other
when the fillet-card has been wound on, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
2nd. A nap raising roller with fillet-card wound on spirally the teeth points of
which, positioned axially or nearly so, are ground by moving either the rotating
nap raising roller in the direction of its axis towards the rotating emery disc e
-mounted at a right angle or nearly so to and fro, or by moving the rotating emery disc e
towards the nap raising roller rotating around its axis and mounted at a right

page_text: angle or nearly so to and fro in the direction of the axis of the latter, in each case
the emery disc e being also capable of moving so as to attain a non-cylindrical
circumferential surface, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. A nap raising roller with fillet card wound on spirally, the ends of which
are protected by means of metal discs r with rubber rings inserted securely fastened
thereto and by means of caps placed over the bearings, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
4th. The mounting of nap raising rollers with fillet-card wound on spirally, in
such a manner, that one of the bearings is formed with a closed cavity u for the
reception of a spiral spring t, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 5th day of June 1893
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.