Improvements in Rivetting, Punching, and Shearing Machines.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Rivetting, Punching, and Shearing Machines.
ALBERT PIAT, Mechanical Engineer, of 85 rue Saint-Maur and LÉON DELALOE,
Engineer, of 11 Avenue du Maine, both of Paris, in the Republic of France do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to he
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of our Improvements, in rivetting and other machines in which water
is used as a motive fluid, is to render the said machines more handy, more reliable,
and at the same time to economize the motive power.
The said Improvements consist of new mechanical contrivances the nature of
which is explained and illustrated in the following description and the accompanying
drawings:
Fig. 1 is an improved rivetting machine shown partly in elevation and partly in
vertical section.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the valve B and the axial line of the
cylinder F.
Fig. 3 is a top plan.
Figs. 4. 5. 6. 7. represent a variety of detailed sections made throughout the
various parts of the distribution as organized in the reservoir F', and are intended
to facilitate the comprehension of the means which we use and their mode of
operation.
The cylinder F, with its reservoir F', and its tubular prolongation F", as well as
the cylinder G, are filled with water to which a quantity of glycerine has been
added.
If, the piston H being in the position shown Fig. 1, a rivet is placed between
the two stamps L and L', the tool L will be brought to bear on the rivet by means
of the pinion M and its rack m, the pinion being operated by means of a crank
placed outside, and the liquid contained in the reservoir F', passing through the
casement of valve B, will follow the piston H in its descensional stroke. The
rivet having thus been pressed until a beginning of crushing action bas taken
place, the power applied to the pinion m becomes insufficient to continue the
operation and the power of the man in charge of the machine is then exerted on
the flywheel P, the rotation of which causes the forward motion of the force-
piston N N'. This motion is transmitted to the piston N N' by means of the

page_text: toothed wheels O O' the nave of the latter being tapped and acting as a nut to the
screw S which itself is a part of piston N N'. The confined liquid is thus
submitted to pressure and forced on the piston H. The pressure is brought about,
on the one part and directly, through the displacement of the liquid contained
in F" and due to the penetration, in that space, of the part N' of the piston N N';
on the other part and indirectly through the displacement of the water in the
cylinder G resulting from the penetration of the part N of the piston N N' in the
said cylinder. This causes the liquid to travel through the channel into k, then
through the lateral channel b, the casement of valve A, which valve is lifted from
its seat, and at last to reach the cylinder F through the channel r. The valves C. B.
are maintained closed by the pressure of the liquid in the cylinder F, exerted
through the channel a.
As soon however, as the pressure in cylinder F reaches a determined degree, the
piston D which communicates with cylinder F through channel o and which is
loaded by means of the antagonistic spring i is raised owing to its diameter being
greater than that of the seat of valve C, the two being submitted to the same
pressure per unit of surface. The rod of piston D, knocking against the valve C,
lifts the latter from its seat and the liquid which had been forced from cylinder G
through the action of piston N thus finds its way from cylinder F into reservoir F'.
From that moment, the cylinder F only receives the water compressed by the
part N' du piston N N'; the speed of the piston H is, thereby, notably reduced
while its power is correspondingly increased, and the result is the completion of the
operation by the final crushing of the rivet.
The valve B is then lifted from its seat by the turning of the handle J and its
catch j and the piston H brought back to its former position by the action of the
rack m and its pinion M. In its ascending motion the piston H forces the liquid
into the reservoir F" through the channel a and the casement of valve B. The
piston N N' is also and then brought back to its former position by the action of
the flywheel P and of the nut O' and its screw S; the liquid, sucked by the part N
of the piston N N' in the cylinder G, is drawn from reservoir F" through the
casement of valve C, the branchings b. b', the channel k and the small channel Z.
The liquid, sucked by the part N' of the piston N N' in the cylinder F F', is drawn
into it from the same reservoir F through the casement of valve B and the
channel a. The machine is now ready for a fresh operation of rivetting, punching
or shearing, according to the use to which the machine is put to and the nature of
the tools inserted at the bottom of piston H and into its counterpart K.
The machine may be suspended from a chain by means of the shackle Qin which
case it will work in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, or by means of the
shackle R when its working position will be at right angle with its former one.
The machine may also be made a fixture and to the flywheel may be substituted
a mechanical contrivance driven by power and provided with a reversing action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:
1° The arrangement of a rivetting, punching or shearing tool-holder or piston
with a rack and pinion action for rapidly and without any expenditure of power
bringing into contact the performing tool with the material to be operated upon
substantially as described.
2° The arrangement of a compressing cylinder provided with a channel com-
municating with a valve-lifter piston as herein before described and illustrated.
3° The arrangement of a reservoir in which the distribution of liquid to the
various parts of the machine is organized by means of valves substantially as
described.
4° The combination of a pressure-valve and its lifting piston as a means of
regulating the pressure. in the compressing cylinder and limiting it to any given
maximum substantially as described.

page_text: 5° The combination of valves with channels and ports for the distribution of the
liquid during the operation and its redistribution after the performance of the said
operation and preliminary to a fresh one as substantially described.
6° The combination of two feeding cylinders and their two pistons, the latter
simultaneously actuated upon by means of a suitable reversible gear or by hand and
in which the forward motion of the pistons transmit the crushing power to the
tool-holder for the remainder of its down stroke and the backward motion of the
same cause the feed water and every part of the machine to reassume their former
positions, substantially as described.