LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Lee at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th February 1879.
HENRY LEE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to the construction of looms employed for weaving striped
fabrics of various kinds, the object of the said Invention being to give a waved or
zigzag appearance to the stripes instead of their being perfectly straight as has been
hitherto the case.
The Invention applies to that part of the loom known as the reed, through which
the warp threads pass, and it consists principally in mounting the reed in a frame
capable of rising and falling in slides, and in placing the "dents" of the reed in an
inclined or diagonal position, so that as the reed rises and falls the warp threads
are displaced laterally in alternate directions so as to produce a waved effect.
When it is desired to produce a waved effect over the whole surface (that is, both
ground and stripe), the whole of the dents of the reed are placed diagonally,
excepting those at the selvedges, when they are gradually less inclined till the out-
side dents become perpendicular. By these means I get straight selvedges with a
waved striped surface.
Where the stripes only are required to be waved, or where alternate straight and
wavy stripes are required, then the reed must be set to the desired pattern, only
those parts having the dents set diagonally where the waved or zigzag stripes are
required, the remaining dents being set perpendicularly.
The alternate rising and falling of the reed to produce the lateral displacement of
the warp threads may be obtained either from the crank shaft or tappet shaft of
the loom in a variety of ways, which will readily suggest themselves to the mind
of any competent mechanic, but for the sake of illustration I will describe one
method which I have found to answer the purpose in a satisfactory manner. I
lengthen the stud on which the change pinion of the ordinary taking-up motion
•
77

page_text: turns, and I fix a spur wheel to the boss of this pinion so that the two turn
together.
This spur wheel drives a similar wheel to which a short crank is attached. The
crank is connected by a rod to a longer crank fixed on the end of a shaft below, to
which the revolution of the short crank thus gives a slow oscillating motion. This
shaft runs across the whole width of the loom, and has two or more levers keyed
upon it which are-connected by-rods-to the reed frame. It will thus be evident
that as the weaving proceeds the_reed_(which is about eight inches deep) will be
gradually raised and lowered alternately, and thus the warp threads passing through.
the inclined or diagonal dents will be displaced in a lateral direction alternately
_to_the_right.and.left,.and.the.strips-will-thus-assume-a-waved-or-zigzag-appearance.
This Invention is particularly adapted to "leno" or cross weaving, but it is also
|_ applicable to close. weaving,..whether plain or fancy.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Lee in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th August
1879.
HENRY LEE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to the construction of looms employed for weaving striped
fabrics of various kinds, the object of the said Invention being to give a waved or
zigzag appearance to the stripes instead of their being perfectly straight as has
hitherto been the case.
The Invention applies to that part of the loom known as the reed, through which
the warp threads pass, and it consists principally in mounting the reed in a frame
so as to be capable of rising and falling in slides, and in placing the "dents" of the
reed in an inclined or diagonal position, so that as the reed rises and falls the warp
threads are displaced laterally in alternate directions so as to produce a waved
effect.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now proceed to
describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood
I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation.
Fig. 1 in the annexed Drawing is an elevation (seen partly in section), and Fig. 2
a front view of so much of a power loom as is necessary to show the application of
my Invention thereto. a, a, is part of the framing; b, b, the lathe or slay; and c, c,
the slay sword; d, d, is the reed which is made much deeper than usual, and so
mounted as to be capable of rising and falling in slides in the lathc.
Figs. 3 and 4 show two varieties of the reed.
When it is desired to produce a waved effect over the whole surface (that is, both
ground and stripe), the whole of the dents of the reed are placed diagonally, as
shown at Fig. 4, excepting those at the selvedges, where they are gradually less
inclined till the outside dents become perpendicular. By these means I get straight
selvedges with a wavy striped surface.
This pattern of reed will form parallel waved stripes, but when the stripes are
desired to alternately approach to and recede from each other then the dents of the
reed must be arranged as in Fig. 3.
Where the stripes only are required to be waved, or where alternate straight and
wavy stripes are required, then the reed must be set to the desired pattern, only
those parts having the dents set diagonally where the waved or zigzag stripes are
required, the remaining dents being set perpendicularly.
The alternate rising and falling of the reed to produce the lateral displacement
of the warp threads may be obtained either from the crank shaft or tappet shaft of
the loom in a variety of ways, which will readily suggest themselves to the mind
of any competent mechanic, but for the sake of illustration I will describe one
method which I have found to answer the purpose in a satisfactory manner.
I lengthen the stud on which the change pinion e, e, of the ordinary taking-up
motion turns, and I fix a spur wheel f, f, to the boss of this pinion so that the two
turn together. This spur wheel f, f, drives a similar wheel g, g, to which a short
crank h, h, is attached. The crank h, h, is connected by a rod i, i, to a longer
crank fixed on the end of a shaft k, k, below, to which the revolution of the
short crank h, h, thus gives a slow oscillating motion. This shaft k, k, runs across
the whole width of the loom, and has two or more levers l, l, keyed upon it which
are connected by rods m, m, to the reed frame d, d. It will thus be evident that
as the weaving proceeds the reed d, d, (which is about eight inches deep) will be
gradually raised and lowered alternately, and thus the warp threads passing through

page_text: the inclined or diagonal dents will be displaced in a' lateral direction alternately
to the right and left, and the stripes will thus assume a waved or zigzag appearance.
This Invention is particularly adapted to "leno or cross weaving, but it is also
applicable to close weaving, whether plain or "fancy."
"
Having now_described_the_nature_and_object_of_my_said-Invention,-together
with the manner in which the same_is_to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention, the con-
struction and use of the reeds-with-diagonal dents, substantially in the manner and
-for-the-purposes herein before-more-particularly-set forth. And, Secondly: I-claim-
the alternate raising and lowering of the reed as the weaving proceeds, whether
effected by the means herein before described or in any other analogous manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Lee, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.