An Improved Cock, specially suitable for the Blow Off of Boilers, but also applicable to other purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 12th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Cock, specially suitable for the Blow Off of Boilers,
but also applicable to other purposes.
We, JÖRGEN BJÖRNSTAD, and the corporate body trading as EASTON
ANDERSON & GOOLDEN LIMITED, all of Erith Iron Works, Erith, Kent, Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the construction of a plug-cock, especially suitable for
the blow off of boilers, or applicable to other purposes, and has for its object the
prevention of such a cock from being fouled or rendered leaky, by mud or sediment
in the water or liquid passing there through.
The essential characteristic of this plug cock is that the plug is recessed, leaving
only one portion of the exterior periphery of the plug as an operative face, closing
the egress from the body of the cock.
Similarly the cut off face of the egress from the cock is limited only to one side of
the body about the egress aperture, the remainder of the body being recessed
except for guiding surfaces to the plug at the top and bottom of the case or body.
As a consequence of this arrangement the operative part of the plug is always
tending to be forced upon the cut off seat of the body, by the internal pressure
of the boiler or other reservoir to which the cock is attached; the edges of the
plug cut off face serve to keep clean the working faces of the cock exit, and
there is no possibility of mud or sediment being wedged in between the working
faces of the plug and body, as may easily be the case with an ordinary plug cock,
tending to jam the same or render it leaký.
As this improved cock makes only a partial rotation either way from the
position of shut off to that of "fully open," a step stop is provided in the bottom
of the body, against which abuts a projection on the bottom of the plug to limit its
movement to the necessary amount.
The neck of the plug passes through the upper part of the body by the usual
stuffing box and gland.
An Improved Cook, specially suitable for the Blow Off of Boilers,
but also applicable to other purposes.
We JÖRGEN BJÓRNSTAD, and the corporate body trading as EASTON
ANDERSON & GOOLDEN LIMITED, all of Erith Iron Works, Erith, Kent, Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our invention relates to cocks for governing the flow of thick and thin liquids

page_text: t
and gases, and it is especially suitable to boiler fittings such as blow-off cocks,
scum cocks, water gauge cocks and all other cocks exposed to the water or the
steam. It is also applicable to water and fire service fittings for high and low
pressure.
Our object is to produce a cock in which the working faces are so arranged that
they are protected from the corrosive action of the liquids and gases, and also to
prevent any solid matter, which may be suspended in or dissolved in the liquids or
gases from settling on the faces of the cock, when the cock is closed.
Our object is also to minimise the danger of destroying the working faces by
solid matter cutting into them, by arranging the faces so that the solid matter
cannot settle on the faces or work its way in between them.
Our object is also to minimise the danger of leakage when the cock is shut by
go arranging the working faces that they are pressed together with a force in
direct proportion to the pressure they have to withstand. At the same time we
so arrange the cock as to ensure the greatest simplicity and the smallest risk of
accidents.
In order that our invention may be the better understood we will now proceed to
describe the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed, reference being
made to the letters and figures marked thereou. Like letters refer to like parts in
the various figures.
The essential characteristics of this cock are shown in this drawing in which
only one portion of the exterior periphery of the plug acts as an operative face
closing the egress from the body of the cock.
Figure 1 shows a sectional plan of the cock when closed, and
Figure 2 the cock when open, and the arrows indicate the pressure side and the
flow of the liquid.
Figure 3 shows a sectional elevation of the cock body and an outside elevation
of the plug in position.
Figures 4 and 5 are sectional plans through the line X X in Figure 3 the cock
being open and shut respectively.
Figures 6 and 7 are outside views of modified forms of the cock and body.
Figure 1 shows the plug P pressed against the ground faces F F of the cock
body in such a manner that the pressure between the said faces is increased in
direct proportion to the pressure of the liquid or gas which is to be retained, and
when the faces are ground to a perfect fit there is no possibility of leakage.
Figure 1 also shows that the faces F F and also the face P are not exposed to
the action of the liquid or gas.
The plug may be of the form of the ordinary plug generally used for cocks
with the exception that it is solid, having the one side cut as shown so that the
cross section through the middle takes the shape shown at P in Figure 1 and
Figure 2; at S and T it is fitting all round to keep it in a central position when it
is not exposed to pressure and also to enable the cock to withstand light pressures
from the opposite direction to the arrows in Figure 1.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 show a projecting piece "A" on the plug P and a similar
piece B in the bottom of the outer body.
The object of these projections is to prevent the plug P being put in the opposite
position to that shown on the drawings and also to enable the operator to feel when
the cock is full open as shown in Figure 5.
The external arrangement of the body may be adapted for two-way cocks or
three-way cocks, the branches being at an angle of 180° or 90° or at any inter-
mediate position. The round part T on the plug P may be dispensed with so that
the liquid or gas may be let in at the bottom as shown in Figure 6.
The cock may further be arranged with the inlet at the largest end of the plug P
by removing the round part S and connecting the spindle and handle to the lower
part T as shown in Figure 7.
When desirable I may make the plug and body of the cock cylindrical in form
Ε instead of conical, and I may provide the working faces with packing such as

page_text: asbestos or other similar material without departing from the essence of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. In a plug cock or valve, a body having a working surface at one or both
ends of the interior and around the exit orifice of the valve in combination with a
plug adapted to fit the body of the cock either at the top or bottom or at both,.
and provided with a central connecting portion adapted to cover and fit tightly
against the exit orifice and the working surfaces around the said orifice; the
remainder of the plug being cut away.
2nd. In a plug cock or valve, a body with working surfaces at the top and
bottom of the interior and around the delivery and a plug adapted with working
surfaces to engage and cover the working surfaces of the body, in combination.
with a stop on the end of the plug adapted to engage with a stop on the internal
portion of the body, substantially as described.
3rd. The arrangement and construction of plug cocks, substantially as described.
and illustrated in and by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 11th day of December 1895.
FELL & WILDING,
1 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.