Improvements in the Method of Weaving Tinned Steel or other Wire for Use in the Construction of Mattresses, Revolving Shutters, Blinds, Mats, and Scrapers.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 12th Aug., 1887
Complete Accepted, 18th Oct., 1887
Improvements in the Method of Weaving Tinned Steel or other
Wire for Use in the Construction of Mattresses, Revolving
Shutters, Blinds, Mats, and Scrapers.
We PATRICK JOSEPH DOWLING and JOHN FRANCIS DOWLING both of 69 Jervis
Street in the city of Dublin, Wire Mattress Manufacturers do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF WEAVING TINNED
STEEL, OR OTHER WIRE FOR USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MATTRESSES, REVOLVING
SHUTTERS, BLINDS, MATS AND SCRAPERS," to be as follows:-
Mattresses as at present manufactured are made of single wires so woven that one
wire interlaces with the one immediately preceding it, the whole being strengthened
at certain intervals with ribs consisting of a more or less number of wires woven into
one, in accordance with the strength requisite, and in proportion to the width of the
mattress. They are also constructed of double wires, that is to say instead of single
ones as above described, two are interwoven with the two preceding ones, strengthened
as before by ribs, at certain distances apart.
This method of weaving has the drawback that the strength and elasticity so
requisite in these constructions is not equally distributed throughout, but is localized
or confined to the ribs, the result being that the intervening spaces are liable to bag
and lose their elasticity.
To obviate this we weave the wire and strengthen the mattress with ribs in one or
other of the following manners.
1st. Having woven a selvage composed of 5 wires in each cord, placed inch
apart, and on each side of the mattress; ribs are then woven of 5 wires each placed
at intervals of 5 inches apart according to the width of the mattress, but the
intervening portions of the web are woven with three wires instead of the usual single
or double weaving as mentioned above.
These three wires are interwoven in the ribs so as to distribute their strength, and
are in addition interwoven with each other. By this means the strength durability
and elasticity of the mattress is materially increased, whilst the surface is much more
even and pleasant to lie upon.
By this method of weaving, taking a like weight of heavy and light wire and giving

page_text: both the same spiral twist and then weaving the heavy wire double, and the light
wire treble, the surface of the treble woven mattress is much more clastic and durable
than the web woven with the heavy wire, and is also stronger.
2d. We make one ordinary rib consisting of 5 wires as a protection against
bruising the edge of the web, then in lien of again employing ribs as in the ordinary
double woven mattresses; for as many inches as may be deemed necessary, the wires
are interwoven with each other as closely as the thickness of the gauge and sizes of
their spiral twists will admit.
By this means the strain on any part of the selvage is borne by the whole selvage
of close woven wires, and elasticity and strength is accurately and evenly distributed
throughout. In the spaces between this close woven selvage either single or double
wires are woven as may be deemed expedient, till the point is approached where
elasticity and strength are required, when the novel method of close weaving is again
resorted to, for as many inches or parts of an inch as may be necessary, with this
exception that the rib at the edge of the close weaving outside the selvage is dispensed
with and the close web is interwoven on the double weaving.
Consequently the close woven web can be employed for single, double and treble
wire woven mattresses, or the whole mattress may be entirely of close woven web.
A web woven in a similar manner of heavy wire, either tinned, galvanized, or
bright steel or iron can be employed for revolving shutters for windows of
shops and so forth. Shutters made on this principle would enable the goods to be
seen at all times, fire and thieves being more easily discovered than with the
ordinary close shutter, with the advantage that it will occupy much less space when
wound up.
Wire woven in this manner can be used for mats for houses, trains,
trams, omnibuses, cabs, as foot scrapers and so forth, with the advantage of offering
a firm foot hold, and preventing slipping.
The web in all cases would be made on round, semi round, square, triangular, or
oval spindles.

page_text: Improvements in the Method of Weaving Tinned Steel or other
Wire for Use in the Construction of Mattresses, Revolving
Shutters, Blinds, Mats, and Scrapers.
We PATRICK JOSEPH DOWLING and JOHN FRANCIS DOWLING both of 69 Jervis
Street, City of Dublin Ireland, Wove Wire Mattress Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF WEAVING
TINNED STEEL, OR OTHER WIRE FOR USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MATTRESSES,
REVOLVING SHUTTERS, BLINDS, MATS, AND SCRAPERS, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Mattresses as at present manufactured are made of single wires so woven that one
wire interlaces with the one immediately preceding it, and the whole is strengthened
at certain intervals with ribs at certain distances apart, such ribs consisting of a more
or less number of wires woven into one, in accordance with the strength requisite, and
in proportion to the width of the mattress.
Mattresses are also constructed of double wires, that is to say instead of the single
ones, as above described, two are interwoven with the two preceding ones,
strengthened as before by ribs arranged at certain intervals.
This method of weaving has the drawback that the strength and elasticity so
requisite in these constructions is not equally distributed throughout, but is localized,
or confined to the ribs, the result being that the intervening spaces are liable to bag
and lose their elasticity.
To obviate this we weave the wire and strengthen the mattress in the following
manner.
We make one ordinary rib d Fig. 1 consisting of 5 wires as a protection against
bruising the edge of the web, then in lieu of again employing ribs, as in the ordinary
double woven mattresses: for as many inches as may be deemed necessary, the wires
are interwoven with each other as closely as the thickness of the gauge and sizes of
their spiral twist will admit.
By this means the strain on any part of the selvage e is borne by the whole selvage
of close woven wires, and elasticity and strength are accurately and evenly distributed
throughout.
In the spaces between this close woven selvage, either single or double wires are
woven as may be deemed expedient till the point is approached where elasticity and
strength are required, when our method of close weaving e is again resorted to, for as
many inches or parts of an inch as may be necessary; with this exception, that the

page_text: rib at the edge of the close weaving outside the selvage is dispensed with, and the
close web is interwoven on the double weaving, Consequently the close woven web
can be employed for single, double, and treble wire mattresses, or the whole mattress
may be entirely of close woven web.
A web woven in the same manner of heavy wire either tinned, galvanized, or bright
steel or iron can be employed for revolving shutters, for windows, or shop fronts.
Shutters made on this principle would enable the goods to be seen at all times, fire and
thieves being more easily discovered, than with the ordinary close shutters, with the
advantage that it will occupy much less space when wound up.
Wire woven in the same manner can be used in trains, trains, omnibuses, carriages,
cabs, as footrests also as seats in lieu of cushions and so forth, with the advantage of
offering a firm foothold and preventing slipping.
The web in all cases can be made on round square triangular or oval spindles.
The advantages of this method of weaving are that each wire woven in the
strengthening webs, increases the width of the mattress which is not the case in the
ordinary method of weaving selvage cords, and by being so closely and evenly
interwoven it possesses straining strength not heretofore obtained in woven wire
mattresses, in addition to having a much more pleasing appearance and smoother
surface, and is consequently more comfortable to rest upon.
When the strength is required either in single or double bed mattresses in addition
to the closely interwoven selvage we have a web in the centre varying in width
according to the size of the mattress which forms a back of strength to the spine.
With regard to the revolving shutter, in addition to the advantages of its merits as
already specified the glass is protected from damage thereby considerably lessening
the cost of insurance.
The same method of weaving can be utilized with great advantage and economy for
seats of carriages, of all kinds, railway carriage seats or for couches and so forth all
that is required being to fix the woven material in a frame of the form suitable to the
purpose of its application over which a strip of turkey carpet or other suitable material
is placed.
Mattress woven on the same principle as herein set forth can also be made in
sections, instead of weaving them in a single piece; the webs forming these sections
being of variable width in accordance with that of the bed, these sections are not
joined together but may be connected by plate springs at each end, by this method
of construction the portion of the mattress which is pressed on only yields, whilst the
other remains perfectly rigid and stationary so that an invalid or other person
occupying the bed is undisturbed by his companion's movements, the great advantage
the divided webs have over the all piece mattresses are that they are not so liable to be
damaged, each web being narrow, and if one or more become injured they can be taken
out, and replaced with new webs; on account of its possessing an equalized strain,
and being separated, it forms a luxury for invalids.
If it is desired to give greater strength to any particular portion of the bed any
one of the single narrow webs may be removed and one substituted of the strongest
wire, without interfering with any other portion of the mattress, this cannot be done
with any of the mattresses woven on any other principle.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is.
1st. In wire woven mattresses, the weaving of a rib of 5 wires as a protection
against bruising the edge of the web, then for as many inches as required, the wires
are interwoven with each other as closely as the thickness of the gauge and sizes of
their spiral twist will admit, so that the strain on any part of the selvage is borne by
the whole selvage of close woven wires, and between the spaces of the close woven
selvage either single or double wires are woven as desired, till the point is reached
where elasticity and strength are required, when the close weaving is again resorted
to, for as many inches or parts of an inch as may be necessary, without the use of the

page_text: rib at the edge of the close weaving outside the selvage, the close web being interwoven
on the double weaving.
2nd. The weaving of heavy wire tinned, galvanized, or bright steel or iron in the
same manner as described in claim 1. for revolving shutters, for windows, or shop
fronts, foot rests for trains, omnibuses, carriages, cabs, seats of carriages or vehicles of
all descriptions couches and so forth.
3rd. A mattress woven in the manner hereinbefore described & claimed made in
sections instead of a single piece, any one of the single narrow webs being capable of
removal to be replaced by others of stronger wire if so required; the web forming
these sections being of variable width in accordance with that of the bed, such sections
not being joined together, but connected by plate springs or some equivalent
connection. The whole in the manner, by the means, and for the purposes as herein
set forth.
A. C. HENDERSON,
46, Southampton Buildings,
Agent for the Potitioners.