Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 22nd May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th July, 1888
I, WILLIAM FLETCHER of 3 Garfield Place East Street, Faversham in the County
of Kent Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is the construction of a novel form of Hydraulic motor
devised for general driving purposes or which may be employed as an auxiliary in
connection with other motive power engines for conveying or transforming power.
The principal combination of parts forming the essential features of the Invention
consists of an arrangement of pumps, pressure accumulator, and devices or parts in
connection therewith. For example in the construction of an ordinary Engine for
any description of driving purposes, I support on suitable framing a cylinder or
accumulator provided with a ram projecting through one end where it abuts against a
powerful volute or other spring placed between the said ram and an entablature firmly
secured to the accumulator. Branch pipes from the accumulator communicate with
hydraulic cylinders.
The said accumulator is also connected by means of a pipe with double acting force
pumps, the action of which when being worked by hand or other power forces water
from a tank or cistern which may suitably be supported by the same framing into the
said accumulator for the purpose of creating hydraulic pressure therein which when
created is discharged by a suitable arrangement of valves to the hydraulic cylinders,
pistons and connecting rods giving motion to cranks for propelling the main driving
shaft.
The water from the hydraulic cylinders goes back to the tank.
The force pumps may be worked by hand or power.
These force pumps may suitably be secured in a horizontal position to the framing of
the Engine, and are provided with suction pipes and valves and delivery pipes and
valves which latter pass the water to the accumulator.

page_text: In one arrangement I operate the inlet valves and outlet valves by tappets from the
crank or driving shaft. The inlet valve at each end of each force pump is made with
a hollow stem with lateral slots and seats itself by preference on leather. The outlet
or exhaust valves to the accumulator are arranged at each end of a tubular spindle
working pistonlike with cup leather or other packing in a cylindrical valve chamber.
I provide one or more air vessels in connection with the inlet valves. More than one
accumulator may be used if required.
When I use three power cylinders I prefer to use two sets of force pumps three in
each set and arranged opposite each other.
For the purpose of controlling and regulating the speed of the Engine I provide
an inlet or starting valve also an outlet valve or cock for allowing any surplus pressure
escape back to the tank.
to
The inlet valve or another separate valve may be arranged to serve as a governor,
which would be acted upon by the motion of the axle, and so regulate the speed of
the engine.
For starting the engine the tank must be supplied with water, and the pumps
worked by hand, or other power, in order to obtain sufficient-force in the accumulator
to force the ran outwards against the spring and this combination of pressures forces
the water through the outlet pipe of the accumulator to the inlet valves on the
cylinders, thus operating the pistons which by connecting rods communicate motion to
the crank shaft of the Engine.
Dated this h

page_text: 1, WILLIAM FLETCHER, of 3, Garfield Place, East Street, Faversham, in the County
of Kent, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is the construction of a novel form of Hydraulic Motor
devised for general driving purposes or which may be employed as an auxiliary
in connection with other motive power engines for conveying or transporting
power.
The principal combination of parts forming the essential features of the Invention
consists of an arrangement of pumps, pressure accumulator, and devices or parts in
connection therewith. For example, in the construction of an ordinary engine for
driving purposes, I support on suitable framing a cylinder or accumulator provided
with a ram projecting through one end where it abuts against a powerful volute
or other spring placed between the said ram, and an entablature firmly secured to the
accumulator. Branch pipes from the accumulator communicate with hydraulic
cylinders, two or more in number.
The said accumulator is also connected by means of a pipe with double acting forco
pumps, the action of which, when being worked by hand or other power forces water
from a tank or cistern which may suitably be supported by the same framing into the
said accumulator for the purpose of creating hydraulic pressure therein which
when created is transmitted directly by a suitable arrangement of valves to the
bydraulic cylinders, pistons and connecting rods which give motion to cranks for
propelling the main driving shaft. The water from the hydraulic cylinders goes back
to the tank. The parts are arranged and operate all as hereinafter described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is part sectional elevation of the improved hydraulic motor; Figure 2 is a
plan view of the same; and Figure 3 a part end view. Figures 4 to 8 are detail
views.
In these Figures a is the framing of the engine, 6 the crank shaft, by preference
supported in three bearings as shown; c is the fly-wheel; d are the force pumps, in
this case arranged in two rows, three in each, and worked from the crank shaft e,
which is worked by pulley and strap and wheel gearing from some shafting or directly
from a motor. The connecting rods e' operate the double armed levers e² which turn
on or with weigh shafts e³ and to which the plungers of the six force pumps & are
connected.
The force pumps d are secured in a horizontal position to the framing of the

page_text: engine, and are provided with suction pipes and valves and delivery pipes and
valves d² which pass the water through the pipes o to the accumulator m.
These pumps are fed with water from the tank. The accumulator shewn in
vertical section at Figure 1 is bolted to the bed or framing a and is constructed as
follows-m is an outer cylinder having a bottom plate m¹ with flange for fixing it to
the bed plate and furnished at top with a recess for a cup leather m² and a flange
ring m³ for the purpose of retaining the cup leather in position and serving as a guide
for the ram g. Near the bottom of the cylinder is an inlet passage n for the pipe o
in connection with the force pumps d, and near the top, and under the cup-leather is an
outlet pipe n¹ to convey the water under pressure through the feed pipes n², n², n², to
the three cylinders M. for driving.
The guide rod of the accumulator ram g
which is held in position by the uprights 2.
between the ram and the entablature plate
to impart motion to the engine.
passes through the entablature plate i¹
A powerful volute spring / is interposed
to give the accumulative force necessary
More than one of these accumulators may be used if required.
The pipes n', n³, n², convey the water from the accumulator first to the cylinder
feed valves slewn in section at Figure 4 (there being one of such valves to each
end of the cylinders M,) and thence the water passes to the cylinders M. See also
Figure 3. Each feed valve u has a lower tubular prolongation v1 with slots ² which,
when the valve is raised from its seat 3 (which may be leather) admits the hydraulic
pressure or compressed water into either end of a cylinder M by the passage and
pipe Figure 5 shows another form of feed or delivery valve where the pressure
on the valve v is balanced by the pressure on an upper cup-leather piston 28.
The water is alternately forced into one end or the other of the cylinders M one of
which is shown in section in Figure 6. The piston is formed of cup-leathers m¹ with
intermediate disc m* and held between two hollow rams m² which work out through
cup-leathers (or other packing) at each end. The two rams m² are secured together
by the screwed rod m³. is the cross-head secured to one end of ram by nut and
check-nut.
The outlet or exhaust valves h for the cylinders M are arranged at each end of a
tubular spindle has shown in the longitudinal section Figure 7 and the transverse
section Figure 8. The spindle works piston like with cup-leather or other
packings in a cylindrical valve chamber ³, the ports intermittently communi-
cating with the pipe to the cylinder M.
I provide an air vessel k on each feed pipe in connection with the feed or inlet
valves v.
v
These feed valves and exhaust valves are actuated so as to admit and discharge
the water from the cylinders M through-the medium of their connection with the
eccentric cams or tappets P, P, P, and q, 4, 1, respectively on the driving shaft b, and
the connecting rods p³ and levers p, and the rods 73. The eccentrics are made in
two halves and clipped onto the shaft and are thus easily adjusted. The tappets or
cams work in frames p¹ and q', which are suitably guided, for instance by slipper
guides as shown. g² and p² are sockets with right and left hand screw threads for
adjusting the length of the rods p³, q³. The feed valves as well as the exhaust valves
are timed to open and shut in a manner which will allow the water to pass into the
cylinders M, M, M, and also admit of the water being exhausted therefrom at the
proper moments.
The arrangement described is suitable for conveying power or for transforming
power and also for applying it to such purposes that involve great irregularity such
for instance as rolling, stamping, punching and shearing machines, also for working
tram cars, the prime motor being for instance storage batteries with magneto-electric
engine, the power stored up in the ram accumulator being available for starting the
tram car rapidly.
When the engine is applied to the driving of a velocipede I provide a lever or levers
for working the force pumps d. The power accumulated while on a level road or
while running down an incline may be given out when ascending an incline.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. The improved construction of motive power apparatus, having its parts
arranged, combined and operating, substantially as herein described and shewn in the
Drawings annexed.
2. The construction of the feed valves and exhaust valves and the means for
working them substantially as described and shewn.
3. The construction of piston rams for the cylinders M as shewn on Figure 6.
Dated this 22nd day of May 1000.
WILLIAM FLETCHER.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.