Improvements in Water Pipes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 29th June, 1893-Accepted, 29th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Pipes.
We PHILIP OVENDEN of No. 69 Coronation Road in the City of Bristol Civil
Engineer and HENRY EDWIN BUNKER of No. 24 Great Cheetham Street Lower
Broughton Manchester Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The said improvements consist in the manufacture and use for the conveyance of
water of metal pipes having longitudinal corrugations both on the outside and
inside of the said pipes: the recesses formed on the inner side of the said pipes
correspond with and run into the prominences formed on the outside of the said
pipes by the said corrugations in such a manner as to cause the lateral rigidity of
the said pipes to be less than in plain cylindrical pipes of the same internal cross
sectional area and thickness of metal. By the use of water pipes of the corrugated
form described in this Provisional Specification the expansion of the water contained
in or conveyed through the said corrugated pipes when the said water is at or near
the-freezing point or in the act of freezing will tend to expand the sectional area of
the bore of the said pipes by somewhat flattening the corrugations thereof instead
of bursting the said pipes as is very frequently the case when water freezes in the
laterally more rigid plain cylindrical pipes.
In all lead or other metal pipes formed by drawing, pressing or "squirting"
(amongst which are included pipes made of one metal such as lead and lined or
coated either on the outside or inside or both with another metal such as tin) the
said corrugations may be formed thereon by substituting for the plain cylindrical
shaped dies and cores commonly used in the pipe presses now ordinarily in use dies
and cores of suitable form that is to say having corrugations thereon corresponding
with the corrugations intended to be formed on the inside and outside of the said
corrugated pipes.
In pipes formed by casting the corrugations may be formed thereon by corre-
sponding corrugations formed on the moulds and on the cores used for casting the
said pipes but our invention is not applicable or suitable to pipes made of any metal
or metals which by reason of their brittleness would not be sufficiently flexible to
allow of their bending in the corrugations when subjected to the force of the
aforesaid expansion of the water. In order to make our invention and the mode
of carrying the same into effect more clear we refer to the drawing which
accompanies this Specification and which represents a transverse section of one of
the said corrugated pipes but we do not confine ourselves to this particular number
of corrugations or to the exact outline shown in the drawing.
Dated this Third day of October 1892.
PHILIP OVENDEN.
HENRY EDWIN BUNKER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Pipes.
We PHILIP OVENDEN of No. 69 Coronation Road in the City of Bristol Civil
Engineer and HENRY EDWIN BUNKER of No. 24 Great Cheetham Street Lower
Broughton Manchester Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The said invention relates to the manufacture and use of metal pipes for the

page_text: conveyance of water and the said improvements consist in the formation of
longitudinal corrugations on both the inside and outside of the said pipes. The
recesses formed by the corrugations on the inside of the said pipes correspond with
and run into the prominences or ridges formed by the corrugations on the outside
of the said pipes in such a manner as to cause the lateral rigidity or resistance to
increase of sectional area of the bore of the said pipes to be less than that of pipes
of plain circular or oval section and of the same internal cross sectional area and
thickness of metal. By the use of water pipes of the corrugated form described in
this Specification and in the drawing herein referred to the expansion of the water
contained in or passing through the said pipes when the said water is at or near
the freezing point or in the act of freezing will tend to expand, and will in fact
expand, the sectional area of the bore of the said pipes by somewhat flattening and
widening the corrugations thereof instead of bursting the pipes as is frequently the
case when water freezes in the laterally more rigid pipes of plain circular cross
section.
In the case of pipes made of lead or other metal or alloys and formed by drawing,
pressing or "squirting" (amongst which pipes we include pipes made of a single
metal such as lead and also pipes made of one metal such as lead and lined or coated
either on the inside or outside or both with another metal or metals such as tin) the
said corrugations may be formed by substituting for dies and cores of plain circular
cross section commonly used in the pipe presses now ordinarily in use dies and cores
of suitable form that is to say having corrugations thereon corresponding with the
corrugations intended to be formed on the inside and outside of the said corrugated
pipes. In the case of pipes formed by casting the corrugations may be formed
thereon by corresponding corrugations formed in the moulds and on the cores used
for casting the said pipes but our invention is not applicable or suitable to pipes
made of any metal or metals or alloys which by reason of their brittleness would
not be sufficiently flexible to allow of their bending in the corrugations when
subjected to the force of the aforesaid expansion of the water.
In order to make our invention and the mode of carrying the same into effect
more clear we refer to the drawing which accompanied our Provisional Specification
relating to this invention and which represents a transverse section of one of the
said corrugated pipes but we do not limit ourselves to the particular number of
corrugations or to the exact outline shown in the drawing which is to be taken only
as an illustration of the general nature of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
Pipes, for the conveyance of water, having longitudinal corrugations on both the
inside and outside surfaces thereof, the recesses formed by the corrugations on the
inside of the said pipes corresponding with and running into the prominences or
ridges formed by the corrugations on the outside of the said pipes, the said
pipes being made of metal or metals or alloys of flexible nature such as
lead and the object of the said corrugations being to prevent the bursting of the
said pipes by the expansion of the water contained in or passing through them
when the said water is at or near the freezing point or in the act of freezing.
Dated this Twenty-eighth day of June 1893.
PHILIP OVENDEN.
HENRY EDWIN BUNKER.