A MACHINE OR MOTIVE POWER FOR GIVING MOTION TO MACHINERY OF DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIONS, TO BE CALLED HAINSSELIN'S MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1832

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PIERRE
NICOLAS HAINSSELIN, of Duke Street, Saint James's, in the County of
Middlesex, Architect and Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of July, in the third year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Pierre Nicolas Hainsselin, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege, and
authority, that I, the said Pierre Nicolas Hainsselin, my exors, adñññors, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Pierre Nicolas Hainsselin, my exors,
admiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of "A MACHINE OR MOTIVE
POWER FOR GIVING MOTION TO MACHINERY OF DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIONS, TO BE CALLED
HAINSSELIN'S MOTIVE POWER;'" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, that I, the said Pierre Nicolas Hainsselin, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: fastened together by hinge joints in such manner as to form an endless chain
of buckets, their motion being so contrived that they descend full at one side
of the drum, and rise empty at the other side, the drum being about three
feet six inches in diameter; twenty-five of these buckets can retain water at
the same time; and in order that the united weights of their contents may be
4000 lbs. it is necessary that each of the sixty-four, buckets shall be of a size
(whatever be their form) conveniently to hold 160 lbs. of water. In order to
supply the twenty-five descending buckets with the required quantity of water,
the two pumps K, K, are placed a little above the lower reservoir O; the rods
of these pumps plumb with the extremities of the balance beam G, G, by
which they are worked; the capacity of each of these pumps should be such
that each stroke of the piston should raise a column of water to the upper
reservoir P, sufficient for the supply of one bucket, (that is to say,) 160 lbs. ;
these pumps, which may be called hydropreumatic, are nearly like ordinary lift
pumps, the only difference being that the pump chamber is divided into two
parts by the division f; the upper part being furnished with the piston of a force
pump; the same rod e works both the piston d of the upper part of the pump
chamber c and the valve f of the lower part of the chamber, 9. The pump
rods e, e, are fixed to a chain h, h, which is attached to the segments on the
ends of the balance beam G, G; and thereby made to work the pump rods,
while the balance weights i, i, below the extremities of these chains, keep them
at a proper degree of tension, and keep the beam on a just balance. The
strong cast-iron cylinder L must be capable of resisting the force of the con-
densed air which it is intended to contain, say, at least 240 lbs. The interior.
of this cylinder is furnished, with a division f, by which an upper and lower
chamber is forined, marked k and 7. The lower chamber k is intended to receive
the water which the pumps K, K, feed it with by means of the pipes m, m.
at every stroke of their pistons, and in this chamber the water frees itself from
the air which may have been pumped in with it, and which is suffered from
time to time to escape at the cock n, when a quantity has collected sufficient
in any way to retard the action of the machine. It is from this lower chamber
that the water is supplied to the upper reservoir P. The upper chamber 1 of
the cylinder L is destined to receive the air, which is to be forced into and
thus condensed in it by means of the small air pump M. It will be seen that
the two small pipes o, o, communicated with the upper chamber of the
cylinder L, and the upper chamber c, c, of the two pumps K, K; these pipes
are to let in the condensed air upon the tops of the piston d, d, to cause the
downward movement of their alternate action. 9, 9, are two valves, each fur-
nished with a lever t, t, which levers are connected by a jointed cross bar S, as

page_text: shown in plan in the margin of the Drawing No. 1. As the two arms or levers
t, t, of this contrivance project beyond the vertical line of the pendulum I,
they are acted upon alternately by the vibration of the pendulum, thus alter-
nately opening and shutting the valves q, q. The lower reservoir O may be of
any convenient capacity, but the upper reservoir P should at least be able to
contain as much water as twenty-five of the buckets can hold, and the
ascending pipe N, through which the water is raised from the lower chamber k
of the cylinder L to the upper reservoir P, should be of such a diameter as to
contain exactly the quantity of water required to fill three of the buckets in
the space between the point u (which should always be in a line with the
division f) and the point v. The cock X is to regulate the descent of the water
from the reservoir P into the buckets, which should be just equal to what is
pumped up by each pump at each stroke of the piston. y is an air cock com-
municating with the upper chamber of the cylinder L, and is to let a portion
of the condensed air escape when its too great density causes the engine to work
at too rapid a rate. Z is a cock for emptying the lower chamber of the cylinder
L when necessary for repairs or otherwise, and a similar cock or valve should
be made to the lower reservoir O, in case at any time it should be required to
empty it. As it is necessary that each bucket as it empties itself should be
replaced by a full one, the pinion D should be so regulated with reference to
the toothed wheel c (which is fixed on the same axis as the drum A), that at
every half revolution of the fly wheel F (which gears in with the pinion D,
and is on the same axis with the excentric E,) one of the buckets shall present
itself in turn under the cock X to be filled. The pendulum I is fixed on the
same axis as the balance beam G, G, and the object of the excentric fixed on
the axis of the fly wheel is to act upon that part of the pendulum which I call
the escapement at r, thus propelling the pendulum to one side, while as soon
as the excentric turns away from 1, and it thus escapes from the action of the
excentric for a time, its own weight brings it back to be acted upon by the
excentric again, thus keeping up the vibration of the pendulum. The jointed
bars at H, H, H, H, which I have called the escapement, from a part of the
rod I. This rod is furnished with the weight I 2, which may be raised or
lowered on the rod I, by turning it to the right or left on the thread of the
screw Q, to regulate the motion of the pendulum; and this motion may be
further regulated by the segment bar and adjusting screw, which expands or
contracts the jointed bars H, H, II, II, of the escapement at pleasure, and
thus allows an increased or diminished action of the excentric on the part r of
the escapement; R is a lever to throw the pinion D in and out of gear with
the flywheel F, in order to stop the machine or put it in action when required;

page_text: and it may be well here to describe that this is effected by means of the small
arm
which, when in gear, protrudes through a hole in the flange o-o
of the pinion; but when the pinion is drawn away from this arm, the fly wheel
and all upon its axis stops, and the pinion turns harmlessly with the toothed
wheel.
Having now described the various parts of my said Invention and their
several uses, I will proceed to describe the mode of putting the machine in
operation: First, put a sufficient quantity of water in the upper reservoir P
to fill twenty-five of the buckets, and about the same quantity in the lower
reservoir 0; then open the cock X of the upper reservoir, and by means of
the lever R throw the fly wheel out of gear with the pinion D; by continuing
to press lightly on this lever Rit will cause the flange 0-0 to rub against the
wheel c, which must, by means of the friction thus caused, be allowed to turn
slowly so as to give time to the twenty-five buckets to fill themselves. The
moment the whole of the twenty-five buckets are full, the pinion must be
smartly thrown into gear with the fly wheel F, and by means of the lever a
of the air pump M the upper chamber of the cylinder L must be charged
with air. It will be known when it is full by the sudden resistance the air
will make when that is the case. The two foregoing operations will only be
necessary when the machine is put in motion for the first time, or when after-
wards for any purpose it may have been emptied of its air and water. The
machine is now ready to act, and it will only be necessary to give the first
impulse to the pendulum, which being done, the weight of the water in the
twenty-five full buckets will cause the drum to rotate, as also the toothed
.wheel c. This will act upon the pinion D, which it works into, and will cause
the excentric E and the fly wheel F, which are fixed upon the same axis, to
revolve, the fly wheel being so arranged as to make just half a revolution
during each vibration of the pendulum. The excentric E, which is fixed upon
the same axis as the fly wheel, will always act upon the pendulum and secure
to it its vibrating motion, while the length of the stroke will be easily deter-
mined by opening or shutting the escapement H, which is performed by turning
either to the right or left, as the case may be, the screw
of the arm,
必
By raising or
which is expressly adapted to this kind of escapement.
lowering the weight I 2, so as to make the vibration of the pendulum corre-
5 spond with the speed of the fly wheel, this weight I 2 should be of such
a weight, that when vibrating, by its own weight only it will have power to
give full three strokes to the pumps K, K,-this pendulum, which is fixed

page_text: on the same axis as the balance beam G, G, will give an alternate movement
up and down to each arm and segment of the beam, and these segments being
connected with the rods e, e, of the pumps K, K, by means of the chains h, h,
their motion will work .the pumps and raise the water from the lower reser-
voir O to the upper reservoir P, through the lower chamber k of the cylinder
L, and the ascending pipe N, whence it will again flow through the cock X,
to fill in succession the sixty-four buckets of the machine. The pendulum I in
its passage from to strikes alternately the arms of the lever t, t, which opens
and shuts the valves q, q, in order alternately to let escape and confine the air
in the upper chamber of the cylinder L. The portion of the air which the
alternate motion of the valves q, q, allows to pass into the upper chamber of
the pumps K, K, expands, and acting with all its force on the upper side
of the piston d, forces it down to the small openings p, p, cut in the pump
chambers for that purpose, and escaping there, relieves the piston of the
pressure, while the balance weights i, i, keep the chain h, h, stretched out
and the balance beam G, G, in equilibrio.
In order to preserve the density of the air in the upper chamber of the
cylinder L, the operator must occasionally pump the chamber full of air by
means of the pump M. If this be done every five or six minutes, it will
prevent the necessity of spending two hours the machine first starts to
charge the chamber.
Now whereas it is evident that the power of the machine herein-before
described may be applied to any of the ordinary purposes for which the power
of steam engines is now used; and whereas I claim as my Invention the
machine herein-before described; and such my Invention being to the best of
my knowledge and belief entirely new, and never before used in that part
of His said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called
England, His said Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I
do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do
verily believe that this my said Specification doth in all respects, fully and
without reserve or disguise, comply with the said proviso in the said herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent contained: wherefore I hereby claim to
maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Nicolas Hainsselin, have hereunto
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of January, in the year of
set my
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three.
PIERRE (L.S.) NICOLAS HAINSSELIN.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of January, in
the year of our Lord 1833, the aforesaid Pierre Nicolas Hainsselin (through the
interpretation of Benjamin Rotch, the said interpreter being first sworn that
he had truly, distinctly, and audibly interpreted this Specification to the said
Pierre Nicolas Hainsselin, and that he would interpret the acknowledgement
of the saine,) came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and
acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified in form above written. And also the Specification
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that
purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-three.