Improvements in Cultivators.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 19th Nov., 1996-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1897
Improvements in Cultivators.
We JAMES CARPENTER of 28 Portland Street in the Town and County of
Southampton Mechanical Engineer and LEONARD FREDERICK ALLEN of East
Park House Southampton aforesaid Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to provide machine ploughs with means for
sowing seeds pulverizing or breaking up the earth and covering the seeds as the
plough advances and also for giving rotation to a screw to assist in propelling the
plough. The plough shear or turn furrow is carried on a frame which is capable
of being expanded and contracted in height so that the plough shear and other
operating parts connected therewith can be readily adjusted in height according to
the depth of furrow required to he cut. Mounted in bearings on this frame is an axle
carrying a traction wheel, and also a drum or pulley provided with spur teeth with
which gears a pinion carried in a bracket on the said frame. On this frame is mounted
an oil or gas engine or other suitable motor for imparting rotation to the pinion and so
give rotation through the toothed drum or pulley, to the shaft and traction wheel.to
propel the plough. Passing round the drum or pulley is an endless chain or the like
which also passes round a pulley on a horizontal shaft carried in bearings on the lower
portion of the plough frame and on the back of the plough shear. On this shaft
is fixed an Archimedian screw preferably of a gradually increasing diameter from
the front to the rear end the pitch of the said screw and the speed at which it is
rotated, with reference to the speed of rotation of the traction wheel, being such
as to cause the screw to engage with and cut its way through the ground and assist
in propelling the plough. Carried on the upper part of the plough frame is a box
for containing the seed to be sown the said box being provided in the interior with
a suitable device driven by the endless chain before referred to for discharging the
seed in regulated quantity through a spout or tube into the furrow as it is cut.
At the rear of the propelling screw are rotating blades or equivalent devices which
are caused to act on the earth removed by the plough shear to form the furrow so
as to break up or pulverize the said earth and return it into the furrow to cover
the seed. The plough is provided at the rear with a swivelling or castor wheel
provided with a handle and spring catch by means of which the said wheel can be
turned and retained in its adjusted position to turn or guide the plough in any
direction required. The frame of the plough is provided with a lever handle by
means of which the attendant can raise and lower as required the plough shear and
parts operating in conjunction therewith. For light work the motor for driving
the plough may be dispensed with and the shaft which carries the driving pinion
be provided with a crank handle or other suitable device for rotating it by
haud.
When used for garden work the plough may be provided with handles by.
means of which the said plough may be pushed forward the pinion and teeth.
on the drum or pulley being dispensed with the traction wheel then giving.
motion by its engagement with the ground to the drum or pulley and endless

page_text: chain or the like for operating the seed sowing apparatus and the other rotating
parts of the plough.
Dated this 19th day of February 1896.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Cultivators.
We, JAMES CARPENTER, of 28 Portland Street, in the Town and County of
Southampton, Mechanical Engineer, and LEONARD FREDERICK ALLEN, late of
East Park House, Southampton aforesaid, now of The Cedars, Denmark Road;
Exeter, in the County of Devon, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to provide machine ploughs with means for
sowing seeds, pulverizing or breaking up the earth, and covering the seeds as the
plough advances, and also for giving rotation to a screw to assist in propelling the
plough. The frame of the plough is capable of being expanded and contracted in
height so that the plough-share and other operating parts connected therewith
can be readily adjusted in height according to the depth of farrow required to
be cut.
We will describe the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 of which is a side elevation and Figure 2 a plan of a plough constructed
according to this invention. Mounted in bearings a at the front end of the frame A
is an axle B carrying a traction wheel C and drum or pulley D, the latter of
which is provided with spur teeth, with which gears a pinion E secured on a shaft e
supported in bearings F fixed on the said frame A. On this frame is mounted an
oil or gas engine or other suitable motor G for imparting rotation to the pinion E
and so give rotation, through the toothed drum or pulley D to the axle B and
traction wheel C to propel the plough. Passing round the drum or pulley D, or,
as shewn in the drawings, round a chain-wheel H fixed on the axle B is an endless
chain I or the like which also passes round a pulley J on a horizontal shaft Ji
carried in bearings J' on the adjustable portion A' of the plough frame and at the
back of the plough-share K. On the shaft J¹ is mounted an Archimedean screw L
which may be of different diameters at different parts of its length, the pitch of
the said screw and the speed at which it is rotated with reference to the speed of
rotation of the traction wheel C being such as to cause the screw to engage with,
and cut its way through the ground and assist in propelling the plough. Carried
on the upper part of the plough frame A is a box M for containing the seed to be
sown, the said box being provided in the interior with a suitable device driven by
the endless chain I for discharging the seed in regulated quantity through a spout
or tube m into a previously cut furrow. At the rear of the propelling screw Lare
rotating blades or arms N. which are caused to act on the earth removed by the
plough-share so as to break up or pulverize the said earth; and a mould-board or
turn-urrow O carried adjacent to these blades returns the earth into the furrow.
last previously cut to cover the seed in said furrow. The plough is provided at
the rear with a swivelling or castor wheel P swivelled in a fixed portion A2 of the
frame A and provided with a handle p and spring catch and toothed sector pl by means
of which the said wheel can be turned and retained in its adjusted position to turn
or guide the plough in any direction required. The frame A is provided with a
lever handle, or, as shewn in the drawings, a pair of lever handles Q, by means of

page_text: which the attendant can raise and lower, as required, the plough share K and parts
operating in conjunction therewith. For light work, the motor G for driving the
plough may be dispensed with and the shaft e which carries the driving pinion E
be operated by a crank handle or other suitable device for rotating it by hand.
When used for garden work, the plough may be provided with handles by means
of which the said plough may be pushed forward, the pinion E and the drum or
pulley D being dispensed with, the traction wheel C then giving motion, by its
engagement with the ground, to the pulley H and endless chain I for operating
the seed sowing apparatus M and the other rotating parts of the plough. The
plough is provided at or near its front end with an adjustable land-wheel R.
The reservoir for containing the supply of oil or gas or other agent for
operating the motor G is not shewn in the drawings; this may be mounted ou any
convenient part of the frame A.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination with apparatus for tilling or cultivating land of a motive
power engine thereon for propelling it, substantially as herein before described.
2. In apparatus for tilling or cultivating land, the employment of an Archimedean
screw substantially as herein before described.
3. In apparatus for tilling or cultivating land the combination with an
Archimedean screw of a motive power engine mounted on the plough for rotating
the said screw substantially as herein before described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
apparatus for tilling or cultivating land substantially as hereinbefore described.
and represented in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of November 1896.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.