IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING MILLS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Max Sombart, of the Firm of Buss, Sombart,
and Company, Engineers and Patent Agents, of Magdeburg, in the Empire of
Germany, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING MILLS."
A communication from Robert Schneider, of Düsseldorf, in the Empire of
Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Max Sombart at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1880.
CHARLES MAX SOMBART, of the Firm of Buss, Sombart, and Company,
Engineers and Patent Agents, of Magdeburg, in the Empire of Germany.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING MILLS." A communication from Robert Schneider,
of Düsseldorf, in the Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to mills for grinding grain, spice, salt, sugar, and other
substances. It consists chiefly in the peculiar arrangement and shape of the
grinding teeth and in the manner of suspending the runner.
The grinding surfaces are conoidal and provided at their lower portion with
radially ascending rows of teeth shaped and arranged like the steps of a staircase,
there being less teeth on the conoidal runner than on the inside of the
surrounding shell in order to equalize the effort required at various intervals of
time.
The runner has several projections arranged round its base, which projections
are bevelled at the outside and fit exactly in an annular recess of the shell, so as
to keep the grinding surfaces at the required distance from each other.
Runner and shell are preferably made of chilled cast iron or cast steel.
The runner is connected with the revolving shaft by means of a balance-rynd
provided with two (horizontal) grooves set at right angles to each other, one being
at the upper face and the other at the lower face of the rynd.
A pin passing across the driving shaft and through the lower groove supports
the rynd, while the upper groove of the latter supports another pin attached to
the runner.

page_text: The above mentioned projections at the base of the runner extend downward
into tappets, which move in an annular channel of the base plate and serve to
transport the ground product to the discharge openings.
The shell is attached to the base plate by means of (two) wedge shaped
projections, which engage into corresponding grooves formed by ribs of the base
plate, and which are inclined in the same direction in which the runner
revolves.
The base of the hopper through which the raw material is introduced fits on the
top of the shell, the circumference of which is provided with a number of ribs for
supporting the hopper.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Max Sombart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th June 1881.
CHARLES MAX SOMBART, of the Firm of Buss, Sombart, and Company,
Engineers and Patent Agents, of Magdeburg, in the Empire of Germany.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING MILLS." A communication from Robert Schneider,
of Düsseldorf, in the Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to mills for grinding grain, spice, salt, sugar, and other
substances. It consists chiefly in the peculiar arrangement and shape of the
grinding teeth, and in the manner of suspending the runner. The grinding surfaces
are conoidal and provided at their lower portion with radially ascending rows of
teeth shaped and arranged like the steps of a staircase, there being less teeth on
the conoidal runner than on the inside of a surrounding shell in order to equalize
the effort required at various intervals of time. The runner has several projections
arranged round its base, which projections are bevelled at the outside and fit
exactly in an annular recess of the shell, so as to keep the grinding surfaces at the
required distance from each other. Runner and shell are preferably made of chilled
cast iron or cast steel. The runner is connected with the revolving shaft by means
of a balance-rynd provided with two (horizontal) grooves set at right angles to
each other, one being at the upper face and the other at the lower face of the rynd.
A pin passing across the driving shaft and through the lower groove supports the
rynd, while the upper groove of the latter supports another pin attached to the
runner. The above mentioned projections at the base of the runner extend
downward into tappets, which move in an annular channel of the base plate and
serve to transport the ground product to the discharge openings. The shell is
attached to the base plate by means of (two) wedge shaped projections which
engage into corresponding grooves formed by ribs of the base plate and which are
inclined on the same direction in which the runner revolves. The base of the
hopper through which the raw material is introduced fits on the top of the shell,
the circumference of which is provided with a number of ribs for supporting the
hopper.
In order that the said Invention may be clearly understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawing, more fully to
describe the same.
In the Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawing A is the base plate; B, the
surrounding shell, being provided inside with radially ascending rows a of teeth,
see Figs. 2 and 3; C is the conoidal runner, on the surface of which are also
arranged radially ascending rows a of teeth like the steps of a staircase, see
Figs. 4, 5, and 6, but there are less rows of teeth than on the inside of the
surrounding shell B, so that only one tooth of the conoidal runner C can at the
same moment coincide with one of those of the shell B. By this arrangement the
force expended upon the mill is inferior to that necessary if the number of teeth
rows a were equally distributed on each of the two grinding surfaces. On the
Drawing, for instance, the runner C has 27 and the shell B 30 of such rows a of
teeth. To prevent the teeth from touching and wearing each other out and to
keep the grinding surfaces at the required distance from each other while working,
the runner C is provided round its base with projections b, which are bevelled at
the outside and fit exactly in an annular recess of the shell B. The runner C is
connected with the revolving shaft D by means of the balance E, Figs. 1 and 11,
provided with two horizontal grooves set at right angles to each other. The pin c,
passing across the driving shaft D and through the lower horizontal groove,

page_text: supports the rim E, while the upper groove of the latter supports the pin d attached
to the runner C. The ground product falls into the annular channel e of the base
plate A, Fig. 8, in which it is transported and discharged through the opening f by
the tappets extending downwards from the above mentioned projections 6 of the
runner C, Figs. 1 and 5. In Figs. 7 and 9, g represents the wedge shaped
projections, by which the shell B is attached to the base plate A, and which engage
into corresponding grooves formed by the ribs h. These projections are inclined in
the same direction in which the runner C revolves, so that the attachment gets
always tighter while working. To dismount the shell B it is turned in the reverse
sense. The base of the hopper F, through which the raw material is introduced,
fits on the top of the shell B, the circumference of which is provided with ribs i,
Figs. 9 & 10, for supporting the hopper and for facilitating the loosening of the
shell B. The mill may be easily taken into pieces and be prepared for grinding
other material. To adjust it at will to a fine or coarse grinding the shaft D is
made adjustable in the sense of its axis, and this can be done even while
working.
CLAIMS.
In mills with conoidal grinding surfaces for reducing grains, aromatics, or spices,
coffee, salt, sugar, and similar substances into powder,―
1. The step like shaped teeth a radially arranged in rows on the runner C and
shell B and serving at the same time as mill clappers.
2. The balance rim, and
3. The manner of fastening the shell B upon the mill frame, the securing of
the runner C on the revolving shaft D, and the hopper F butting upon the shell B
for the purpose of facilitating the taking to pieces of the mill."
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Max Sombart, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of June, A.D. 1881.
CHARLES MAX SOMBART. (LS.)