IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING, CRUSHING, HULLING, OR SHELLING VARIOUS KINDS OF FARM OR VEGETABLE PRODUCE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE CRUSHING OR GRINDING OF MINERALS AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bellerby, the younger, of the City of York,
Timber Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR GRINDING, CRUSHING, HULLING, OR SHELLING VARIOUS KINDS OF FARM OR
VEGETABLE PRODUCE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE CRUSHING OR GRINDING OF
MINERALS AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 27th August 1867, and dated the 28th February 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bellerby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th February 1867.
I, JOHN BELLERBY, the younger, of the City of York, Timber Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR GRINDING, CRUSHING, HULLING, OR SHELLING VARIOUS KINDS OF
FARM OR VEGETABLE PRODUCE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE CRUSHING OR GRINDING OF
MINERALS AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
machinery or apparatus intended for grinding, crushing, hulling, or shelling
various kinds of farm or vegetable produce, such machinery being applicable
(when made in sufficient strength and size) to the crushing and grinding of
minerals, quartz, and other hard substances.
The machinery consists of a bed plate, standard, or frame supporting a
hopper into which the substances to be treated are placed; they are thence
fed to the grinding or crushing wheels by means of an inclined shoot or tray,
which receives a shaking motion by means of an excentric cam set on a shaft
actuated by a strap or band from the driving wheel of the machine, passing

page_text: round a pulley on the end of the excentric shaft. The excentric rotates
between a slotted guide beneath the iron spout or tray, which is held up by a
chain and wooden ratchet wheel in order to regulate the feed. This improve-
ment is intended for feeding rough substances, such as bones, locusts, nut
cake, rape cake, and all kinds of grain, and other rough or round substances
which cannot be fed. Beneath the hopper and feeder two circular iron
grinding discs or plates are set in suitable bearings; they are placed at an
angle to each other; so that only one portion of their surfaces is in contact at
the same time; the grinding grooves are formed on an oblique face of the plate,
and consequently the two shafts are set obliquely to each other; the combs
which work in the grooves are self-cleaning; they are made of steel teeth set
in a frame forming combs, and are supported by steel springs at the back of
each comb; they clean the teeth or grooves turned on the grinding discs; the
number of teeth may be from four to fourteen to the inch, and being set on a
shaft in the frame act independently of each other, the edges of each tooth are
curved inwardly, thus leaving a small space between each tooth when placed
side by side so as to allow of the passage of obstructions through them, and
thus render them self-cleaning; they are also self-sharpening, because their
angular or pointed ends gear into the grooves of the grinding discs, and as
they wear they maintain their original form. The discs are placed nearly
vertical; there are two to each mill, one is fixed about an inch and a half
below the other, and both plates or discs being of the same diameter an
excentric cut or grinding motion is effected.
The cake breaker for breaking and cutting rough and smooth substances
before they go into the grinding mill consists of a series of cutters from twelve
to fourteen on each axle; they are made alternately of toothed and smoothed
cutting wheels, the toothed series working against the smooth faces of the
opposite series, the shafts being parallel to each other, and being worked by
cog wheels gearing together so as to drive the cutters in opposite directions ;
the cutters are enclosed in a frame, and are about seven inches in diameter.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Bellerby in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th August 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BELLERBY, the younger, of the City of York, Timber Merchant, send 3
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Bellerby, Her special licence that I, the said John Bellerby,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Bellerby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING, CRUSHING, HULLING, OR SHELLING VARIOUS
KINDS OF FARM OR VEGETABLE PRODUCE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE CRUSHING OR
GRINDING OF MINERALS AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Bellerby, my executors or adminis
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Bellerby, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:-
My Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
machinery or apparatus intended for crushing, grinding, hulling, or shelling
various kinds of farm or vegetable produce, such machinery being applicable
(when made in sufficient strength and size) to the crushing and grinding of
minerals, quartz, and other hard substances.
The machinery consists of a bed plate, standard, or frame supporting a
bopper into which the substances to be treated are placed; they are thence
fed to the grinding or crushing wheels by means of an inclined shoot or tray,
which receives a shaking motion by means of an excentric cam set on a shaft
actuated by a strap or band from the driving wheel of the machine passing
round a pulley on the end of the excentric shaft. The excentric rotates
between a slotted guide beneath the iron spout or tray, which is held up by a
chain and a wooden ratchet wheel in order to regulate the feed. This improve-
ment is intended for feeding rough substances, such as bones, locusts, nut
cake, rape cake, and all kinds of grain and other rough or round substances

page_text: which cannot be fed. Beneath the hopper and feeder two circular iron
grinding discs or plates are set in suitable bearings; they are placed at an
angle to each other so that only one portion of their surfaces is in contact at
the same time; the grinding grooves are formed on an oblique face of the plate,
and consequently the two shafts are set obliquely to each other; the combs
which work in the grooves are self-cleaning; they are made of steel teeth set
in a frame forming combs, and are supported by steel springs placed outside
the machine acting on a lever; they clean the teeth or grooves turned on the
grinding discs; the number of teeth may be from four to fourteen to the inch,
and being set on a shaft in the frame act independently of each other; the
edges of each tooth are curved inwardly, thus leaving a small space between
each tooth when placed side by side so as to allow of the passage of obstructions
through them, and thus render them self-cleaning; they are also self-sharpening,
because their angular or pointed ends gear into the grooves of the grinding
discs, and as they wear they maintain their original form. The discs are placed
nearly vertical; there are two to each mill, one is fixed about an inch and a
half below the other, and both plates or discs being of the same diameter an
excentric cut or grinding motion is effected.
The cake breaker for breaking and cutting rough and smooth substances
before they go into the grinding mill consists of a series of cutters from twelve
to fourteen on each side; they are made alternately of toothed and smoothed
cutting wheels, the toothed series working against the smooth faces of
the opposite series, the shafts being parallel to each other, and being
worked by cog wheels gearing together so as to drive the cutters in opposite
directions; these cutters are enclosed in a frame and are about seven inches
in diameter.
On reference to the Specification of the Patent granted to John Patterson,
of Beverley, for machinery for grinding and crushing substances, dated
30 December 1863, No. 3297, the nature and objects of this Invention will
be more completely understood, this Invention being an improvement upon
the aforesaid Patent.
The accompanying Drawings will serve to illustrate the improvements.
Fig. 1 represents a plan view of the comb, lever, aud spring. A, A, is the
lever from the comb to the spring; B, the box for the comb; C, the comb;
D, the slotted guide for the comb box; E, the centre stud for lever A outside
the mill; F, the steel spring acting the lever A; G, the angle plate for fixing
the spring outside the mill and for guiding the lever; H, the set screw for
regulating the pressure on the spring; 1, centre joint of comb box in the
lever; J, centre stud for spring; K, outside of mill frame.

page_text: Fig. 2 represents an end view of the comb box, lever, and guide, and
tooth; similar letters of reference being applied.
Fig. 3 represents a side view of the improved tooth with holes for receiving
the rods.
Fig. 4 represents a side view of the teeth for the cake breaker, or for
cutting rough and smooth substances before they are supplied to the hopper
for the grinding mill; the Drawing shews the bevil edge of the tooth for
taking the cake between the cutters. The shaking motion of the hopper,
tray, or shoot effected by the cam motion will be perfectly understood without
reference to Drawings.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to carried into effect, I would remark that I do not
limit myself to the precise details and configuration of parts I have expressed
and shewn, as the same may be slightly varied or modified without departing
from the principles of the Invention; but what I claim and desire to bo
secured to me by the herein in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First, the general improvements in the steel combs and the application
thereof, whereby also they are rendered self-cleaning and self-sharpening.
Secondly, the improved breaker or cutter for rough and smooth substances,
including the arrangement of cutters and form of teeth.
And, thirdly, the improvements in the hopper, tray, or shoot for feeding
the grinders, all substantially as and for the objects and purposes herein
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bellerby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
JONAH CLAYTON,
Grove's Place,
Lord Mayor's Walk,
York.
JOHN BELLERBY, JUNE. (L.S.)