Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Gas.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 27th. Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 26th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 27th Dec., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Gas.
I HENRY HUTCHINSON of 90 Cannon Street in the City of London Metallurgica
& Chemical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of gas generators so as
to greatly simplify the manufacture of gas-To accomplish this object I take any
well known form of gas generator of the cupola type-And 1 place in such
generator or generators near the bottom-what I term my central steam and air
superheater and I construct such superheater in the following manner.
In the center of any such generator, I place a central open end blowing-tube (connected
with a steam-jet air injector) of suitable dimensions of iron, earthenware or fire-clay-and
over the aforesaid blowing-tube I place another suitable tube or what I call my super-
heating cap, doom or cover closed at the top-and of larger dimensions. I then make
suitable perforations in the base of the aforesaid outer superheating doom for the exit
of the superheated steam and air into the surrounding incandescent fuel and by this
means 1 am enabled to generate a much larger quantity of water or other gas-and
thus dispensing with the usual external superheater which has hitherto been used.
I also place four or more tubes of suitable size in connexion with the central steam-
blower these tubes I use to convey other portions of superheated steam or air to and
around such lower-outside part of these generators-which tubes act the part of
tuyeres, and thus gasifying the outer column of the red hot fuel.
When it is desired to produce illuminating-gas as well as heating gas, I place one
or more suitable steam, air or other injectors around the outside lower part of such
gas generator and in such a way as to enable me to force into the incandescent fuel
undergoing gasification-any liquid hydrocarbon or Tar-and by this means I am
enabled to decompose such hydrocarbons & Tars into illuminating gas in the presence
of the "Nacent Water-gas," or other gas.

page_text: I also arrange in place of fire-bars in such apparatus a false-bottom with suitable
sliding-doors to allow the clinkers to fall into the lower compartment-the heat of
such clinkers assisting to heat the steam and air required during gasification-And,
further to enable me to convert the paraffin or other tars and other hydrocarbons
and hydrocarbon vapours generated along with water or other gases-into more
permanent gases I construct what I call my "hydrocarbon converters" and in such a
way as to enable me to pass such hydrocarbon vapours, gases-or if desired pitch or
tars through suitably constructed converters of iron, brick or other material-and
in these converters I construct suitable brick or other material-tubes, gasways &c. and
such converter I heat to the desired temperature-I then pass the gases containing
the hydrocarbon vapours (or if desired Tars pitch &c.) in suspension through such
heated converter-and by this means I am enabled to convert the paraffin into the
benzen hydrocarbons-The most suitable form for the successful production of the
so called permanent illuminating gas of the old Gas Makers.
December 27th 1987

page_text: 1, HENRY HUTCHINSON, of 90 ('annon Street in the City of London, Metallurgical
& Chemical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of Gas Generators so
as to greatly simplify the manufacture of Gas-To accomplish this object I take any
well known form of Gas Generator of the Cupola typo and I place in such Generator
or Generators near the bottom what I term my central steam and air superheater and
I construct such superheater in the following manner.-In the centre of any such
Generator I place a central open-end blowing tube (connected with a steam jet air
injector) of suitable dimensions of iron earthenware or fire-clay and over the aforesaid
blowing-tube I place another suitable tube or what I call my superheating Cap, Dome,
or Cover closed at the top-and of larger dimensions. I then make suitable per-
forations in the base of the aforesaid outer superheating dome for the exit of the
superheated steam and air into the surrounding incandescent fuel and by this means
I am enabled to generate a much larger quantity of Water or other Gas and thus
dispensing with the usual external superheater, which has hitherto been used.
I also place four or more tubes of suitable size in connection with the central
steam-blower, these tubes I use to convey other portions of superheated steam or air to
and around such lower outside part of these Generators which tubes act the part
of tuyeres and thus gasifying the outer column of the red hot fuel.
When it is desired to produce illuminating Gas, as well as heating Gas, I place one
or more suitable steam air or other injectors around the outside lower part of such Gas
Generator, and in such a way as to enable me to force into the incandescent fuel
undergoing gasifycation and liquid hydrocarbon or Tars-and by this means I am
enabled to decompose such hydrocarbons and tars into illuminating Gas in the
presence of the Nacent Water Gas or other Gas.
I also arrange in place of fire bars in such apparatus a false bottom with suitable
sliding doors to allow the clinkers to fall into the lower compartment, the heat of such
clinkers assisting to heat the steam and air required during gasifycation-And further
to enable me to convert the paraffin or other tars and other hydrocarbons and hydro-
carbon vapours generated along with water or other Gases into more permanent
Gases I construct what I call my hydrocarbon converters, and in such a way as to
enable me to pass hydrocarbon vapours, gases, or if desired pitch or tars through
suitably constructed converters of iron, brick, or other material-and in these
converters I construct suitable brick or other material, tubes gas ways etc. and such
converters I heat to the desired temperature. I then pass the gases containing the
ydrocarbon vapours (or if desired far pitch etc.) in suspension through such heated
converter and by this means I am enabled to convert the paraffin into the benzine
ydrocarbons. The most suitable form for the successful production of the so called
permanent illuminating Gas of the old Gas makers.

page_text: The annexed drawings give an idea of the nature of my invention as follows
A represents an ordinary gas-generator of the producer type.
B is my central steam and air blower and superheater-with
B side blowers.
The annexed drawings give an idea of the nature of my invention as follows
A represents an ordinary gas-generator of the producer type.
B is my central steam and air blower and superheater-with
B side blowers.
C Superheating Cap or dome.
D Hydrocarbon oil injectors for Creosote paraffin or petroleum oils.
E injector.
F Poking holes.
G doors to Generator & Clinker Cistern.
H Gas Main.
R Clinker Cistern for Water.
S Damper Sliding Doors.
I is my Hydrocarbon Converter with fire place & fire-bars Q-when it is to use
solid fuel to heat such Generator or converter when converting non-illuminating gas
into illuminating gas when such nouilluminating gas is mixed with Hydrocarbons to
fix them for the preparation of permanent illuminating gas-or P is a gas Main
which can be used instead of the fire place for burning the waste gases produced in
the generation of "Water-gas "when working one the alternate system by two such
apparatus. The hot products of combustion pass up the regenerative brick-work at
L. L. L. L whilst the nonilluminating gas pass downwards as shown at T. T. T. T.
J is an oil cistern on the top of my regenerative convertor-which is heated by
the fire gases from K and distills the oil through pipe N into the gas Main H mixing
with the Water gas generated in A and into illuminating gas in 1.
O ash pit containing Water
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim is.
1st. The apparatus for the generation of heating and permanent illuminating Gas
from solid fuel superheated steam and air and liquid and solid hydro-carbons substan-
tially as described.
Datad this 9741 v at Sankomhan 1000