Improvements in Hydraulic Brick Presses.
Year: 1892

page_text: VAJALI DEL DI BUITIVATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Brick Presses.
I JULIUS JACOB KOCH of No. 3325 Caroline Street, Saint Louis in the State
of Missouri, United States of America, Brick Manufacturer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to hydraulic mechanism for compressing dry clay
in blocks or bricks.
The objects of the present improvement being in the main :
1. To provide successively and automatically operating connecting mechanism
between the charger cylinder, the upper, and lower ram cylinders, in which the
completion of the movement of the one part, will bring the next succeeding part
into action, automatically, and so on through the movements of the different
press parts.
2. To provide an improved valve connection between the lower and the upper
ram cylinder, adapted to control communication between the same, and acting to
cause a compression on the charge of clay, from the top, then from the bottom,
and then simultaneously from the top and bottom after a predetermined pressure,
has been reached on the bottom of the charge of clay.
3. To provide simple and efficient mechanism for connecting the different press
parts to insure the above results, as hereinafter described and more particularly
pointed out in the claims.
I attain such objects by the construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in
the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1, is a front elevation of the press;
Figure 2, a side elevation of the same;
Figure 3. a transverse section, at line x-x, Figure 4;
Figure 4, a longitudiual section at line '-', Figure 7 ;
Figure 5, a horizontal section at line
-
2, Figure 2;
Figure 6, a horizontal section at line -³, Figure 4;
Figure 7, a top plan of the press proper ;
Figure 8, a detail sectional clevation of the outlet valve and auxiliary valve, for
lower ram cylinder;
Figure 9, a detail sectional elevation of the pressure alarm mechanism ;
Figure 10, a detail side elevation of the operating and controlling mechanism for
the charger valve from the opposite side to that shown in Fig. 2;
Figure 11, a detail side view of the holding latch for the same;
Figure 12, a detail section of the shifting weight for the charger valve;
Figure 13, a detail plan of the sanie ;
Figures 14, and 15, are detail sections of the charger valve, in its two positions ;
Figure 16, is a detail side elevation, partly sectionized, of the operating
mechanism for the inlet and pressure dividing valves, to the lower ram cylinder;
Figure 17, a detail sectional elevation of the valves and their operating mechanism,
for the auxiliary cylinder of the upper ram ;
Figure 18, is a detail longitudinal section of the pressure controlling valve, and
the relief valve, for upper ram;
Figure 19, is a detail elevation of the outer end of the lever for relief valve,
and its connection ;
Eigure 20, a sectional elevation of the hydraulic mechanism for moving the
pressure controlling and relief valves of the upper ram ;
Figure 21. a detail side elevation of the upper portion of the locking and

page_text: unlocking mechanism for valves of the bydraulic operating cylinder of the pressure
controlling and relief valves of the upper ram;
Figure 22, a similar view of the lower portion of the same;
Figure 23, a detail side elevation of the trip mechanism for valve mechanism
illustrated in Figure 22.
Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the different views.
As represented in the drawing the press proper consists of the upper and lower
fixed members 1 and 2, connected together in proper relative position, by means of
stay sleeves 3, tie rods 4, and nuts 5, and supported on a suitable frame 6, as shown.
The mold frame 7, being supported in the usual manner, midway the height
between the upper and lower fixed members 1 and 2, the brick receiving table 8,
being arranged in front of said mold frame, and the charger table 9 at the rear of
the same in any usual manner.
In the present improvement the cavity in the mold frame 7, for the reception of
the mold proper, is made of a downwardly flaring form, ending in a shouldered
recess, as shown in Figure 3, the mold proper 7', being correspondingly formed and
with a bottom flange 7" to fit the shouldered recess in the mold frame. With this
construction the mold is held in position by friction without the necessity of any
additional means of attachment.
The fixed members 1 and 2, constitute the hydraulic cylinders for the main
hydraulic plungers or rams 10 and 11, to which are attached the mold plungers 12
and '13, by which the charge of clay is compressed in the mold cavity 14; see
Figures 3 and 4.
15, is a circuitous port or passage in the upper fixed member 1, having communi-
cation with the upper ram chamber, and with the side pipe connection 16, the
storage tank 17, and the relief valve 18, as shown in Figure 3, in the following
manner:
With the side pipe 16 connection, through branch passage 19, controlled by the
valve 20; with the storage tank 17, through branch passages 21 and 22, controlled
respectively by the inlet and outlet valve 23, and the suction check valve 24; and
with the relief valve 18, by branch passages 25, that may communicate with the
storage tank 17, or with any other suitable receptacle.
26, is a circuitous port or passage in the lower fixed member 2, having communi-
cation with the lower ram chamber, and with the high and low pressure supplies 27
and 28, the storage tank 17, and the side pipe 16, that connects with the upper ram
chamber, as shown in Figure 3, in the following manner:
With the high and low pressure supplies, through the branch passages 29 and 30,
the respective connections of which are controlled by pressure dividing valve 31, and
the inlet valve 32; and with the storage tank 17, by branch passage 33, controlled
by valve 34, which passage 33, may have a sub-passage 35, controlled by a relief
valve 36, as indicated in Figure 8.
In the present invention the upper hydraulic ram or plunger 10, is connected by
tie rods 37, with the vertically moving auxiliary cylinder 38, the piston 39, of
which is stationary and is attached to the top of the fixed member 1, such piston
being provided with the respective ports or passages 40 and 41, that respectively,
open or lead, into the upper chamber 42, and the annular chamber 43, of the
auxiliary cylinder 38; as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
The lower hydraulic ram or plunger 11, is connected by tie rods 44, with the
vertically moving auxiliary cylinder:45, the piston 46 of which is stationary and is
attached to the underside of the main fixed member 2, such piston being provided
with a single port or passage 47, that introduces a constant pressure into the
cylinder 45, and producing a constant downward pulling strain upon the lower ram
plunger 10 and the lower mold plunger 13.
48, see Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7, is the upper rock shaft turning in a suitable
bearings and receiving motion from the upper vertically moving auxiliary
cylinder 38, through the links .49 and arms. 50; and provided with arms 51, 52,
and 53, that have connection with and operate different press parts, as hereinafter

page_text: set forth. 54, see Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6, is the lower rock shaft turning in
suitable bearings and receiving motion from the lower vertically moving auxiliary
cylinder 45, through links 55 and arms 56, and provided with an arm 57, that
connects by link 58, with arm 58¹ of a supplementary rock shaft 59, that also
carries arms 60, 61, 62, 62¹, and sector arm 63, that have connection with and
operate different press parts, as hereinafter set forth.
6, see Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, is an intermediate rock shaft, turning in
suitable bearings and receiving motion from the clay charger, by a fixed
tappet 65, and an adjustable tappet 66, that in turn intermittently move the arm 67
of the rock shaft, said rock shaft carrying cams 58, 69, and tappet 70, adapted to
operate different press parts as hereinafter set forth.
The upper press plunger 10, see Figure 3, whose cross head moves in guides 71,
is provided with an arm 72, having a guide eye at its outer end for the passage of
the stem 73 of the inlet and outlet valve 23, between the upper hydraulic chamber
and the storage tank 17, and adapted on its upward movement, to engage the
adjustable collar 74, of the valve stem 73, and lift the valve from its seat, opening
communication to the storage tank; and on its downward movement allows the
valve 23 to close at the desired time; the downward movement of this valve 23,
may, if desired, be assisted by a spring or weight. On further initial downward
movement of the press plunger 10, after the valve 23 is closed, a vacuum will be
prevented by the opening of the suction check valve 24.
The controlling valve 20, see Figures 2, 3, 18, and 20, between the side pipe 16,
and the upper hydraulic chamber, is held primarily to its seat, by means of the
adjustable weight 75, connecting rod 76, and valve lever 77, until a sufficient
pressure in the side pipe 16, is, attained to overcome the weight or resistance of
the valve 20 and weight 75, when the said valve will open, and admit high pressure
to the upper ram chamber, thus affording means for producing & differential
pressure as well as an equal maximum pressure in both the upper and lower ram
chambers. The valve 20 is secondarily, held closed by the assistance of the
weighted lever 78 the rod 79 of which connected to the weight 75, by a stop
collar 80, pin 83, and elongated slot 83, so as to be capable of a limited independent
vertical movement, as hereinafter set forth.
The relief valve 18, see Figures 1, 2, 18, 19, and 20, of the upper ram cylinder,
is closed by the upward movement of the hydraulic plunger 84, of cylinder 85,
which lifts the weighted lever 86, connecting rod 87, lever 88, and interposed
cushion 89 the opening of said valve being effected at the proper time, by a
reversal of the above mentioned parts.
The outlet valve 34, see Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8, between the lower ram
chamber and the storage tank 17, is operated in one direction, by cam 68 on the
intermediate rock shaft 64, through weighted valve lever 90, and in the opposite
direction by the weight on the outer arm of the lever 90, as shown in Figure 2.
The relief valve 36, when used will be operated by having its stem, arranged to
contact with and be operated by the weighted valve lever 90, see Figures 2,
and 8.
The inlet valve 32, see Figures 1, 3, and 16, to lower ram chamber is moved to
a closed position by the cam 69 on the intermediate rock shaft 64, through the
valve lever 91, its movement to an open position being effected by an arm 51, on
the upper rock shaft 48, through the slotted link 92, engaging a cross pin 93, on
the valve lever 91, as shown. A partial closing of this inlet valve is effected at the
proper time, by an 'arm 60, on the supplementary rock shaft 59, through the
slotted link 94, engaging a cross pin 95, on the valve lever 91, as shown. The
movement of the valve may be assisted by a spring, as shown in Figures 3,
and 16.
The pressure dividing valve 31, see Figures 1, 3, and 16, is at the proper time
raised from its seat by the arm 61, of the supplementary rock shaft 59, enabling
the spring latch 96 to engage under the collar 97 on the stem of the valve, to
keep the valve raised, when the arm recedes therefrom. Said latch being

page_text: disengaged at the proper time by the movement of the inlet valve lever 91,
slotted link 98, and rock arm 99, carrying the spring latch 96, enabling the valve
to act as a pressure dividing valve.
The charger 100, see Figures 2, 4, and 5, is operated by a hydraulic piston and
cylinder 101, and 102, as shown, the supply of hydraulic pressure thereto being
governed by valve mechanism as follows:
103, see Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, is a semi-rotary rocking valve, the
chamber of which is provided with a constant supply port 104, and an exhaust
port 105, as well as two ports 106 and 107 which serve as inlet and outlet ports
for the ends of the charger cylinder 102 with which these two ports 106, 107
respectively communicate. Motion is imparted to the valve 103, by the arm 108,
on the shaft of the valve, this arm being connected as follows: first, to (and
receiving motion from) the arm 62, of the lower rock shaft 59, through slotted
adjustable link connection 109; second, to one end of the shifting over-balance
device 110, through link 111, and third, with a spring latch 112, that locks it in
its proper position, the construction being such that, the lower ram in its
upward movement will cause the link 109, to move independent of the valve
arm 108 (the distance of its elongated slot) and leave the valve arm engaged
and supported by the spring latch 112, until the latter is released by the
upward movement of the upper ram, through its connections, viz., rock shaft 48,
arm 52, link 113, and sliding block 114, that is adapted to move the spring
latch 112, laterally out of engagement with the valve arm 108, and hold the latch
in a disengaged condition until a reversal of the upper ram; the arm 108, when
disengaged, drops carrying the valve 103 into the position illustrated in Figure 15,
opening way through 107 and giving pressure on the rear end of the charger
cylinder. A downward movement of the lower ram, reverses the valve 103, to
the position shown in Figure 14, lifting the valve arm to its upper position as
indicated in dotted lines in Figure 10; the arm passing the lower end of the spring
latch 112, in its upward movement, so that the latch, when released by the
downward movement of the upper ram; will pass under the arm 108 ready to
engage the same.
The shifting over balancing device 110, is for the purpose of insuring a full
movement or opening of the semi-rotary valve in either of its positions, and may
consist of an elongated trough pivoted centrally and carry a loose body or weight,
adapted to shift from one end to the other and constitute an over balance weight
at such ends.
The valve mechanism of the upper raising cylinder 38, see Figures 5, and 17,
consists of a casing 115, having valve chambers 116 and 117, provided with inlet
and outlet ports 118, 119, and 120; that communicate respectively with the low
pressure accumulator, the port or passage 40 and a suitable waste receptacle; the
ports or passages 118 and 119, are controlled by valves 121 and 122, the stems of
which are connected by elongated eyes and cross pins to the pivoted and weighted
lever 123, and receives motion in one direction by means of the slotted link 124,
connected to the arm 621, of the supplementary rock shaft 59; motion in the
other direction being obtained by gravity, when released from engagement by the
latch or hook 125, by which it had been held. A release from the latch hook 125,
being effected by a tappet 70 on the intermediate rock shaft 64. With the
construction shown, the slotted link 124 holds the lever 123, in the position shown
in Figure 17, to allow tappet 70 on its forward stroke to pass the inclined
projection 126, of the hook. Preceding the backward stroke of the tappet 70,
the slotted link 124, will have moved away from its end of the lever 123, leaving it
free to move subsequently.
The operating valve mechanism for the hydraulic cylinder and plunger 85 and 84,
that operates the controlling valve 20, and relief valve 18, of the upper ram chamber,
consists as follows:
.127, see Figures 5, 21, 22, and 23, is a valve chamber having valves 128 and 129,
constructed similarly to valves 121 and 122, illustrated in Figure 17, and operated

page_text: in one direction by a weight 130, engaging over a forked end of the pivoted valve
lever 131, the other end of which is weighted as shown, the arrangement being such.
that when said weight 130 is raised, the lever 131, will reverse the valves 128.
and 129, by gravity, and admit pressure into the cylinder 85, to raise the plunger 84,.
and its connected parts.
The raising of the weight 130 is effected by means of adjustable rod 132 having
a fixed collar 133, that is engaged by spring hooks 134, attached to the weight;.
said adjustable rod passes through guides 135, and 136, its upper end being attached
to an arm 53, on rock shaft 48, through chain or rope and pulley connections 137
and 138, as shown in Figures 21 and 22. The guide 136, has a pendant wedge-
shaped projection 139, and is carried by chains 140, passing around the upper and
lower pulleys 141 and 142; the shaft of the lower pulleys carries a pinion 143, that
is operated by a sector arm 63, on the supplementary rock shaft 59. With such,
construction, when both the rams have reached a desired position with relation to.
each other, the wedge 139 will act to disengage the spring hooks 134, from the
collar 133, and allow the weight 130 to drop, reversing the valves 128 and 129, and
thereby govern the thickness of the brick produced.
The drop of the lower ram is governed by means of a vertically adjustable stop
block 144, screwing into a fixed base block, as shown in Figure 1. 145, is a chain
wheel on said block, gearing by chain 146, with a chain wheel 147, and a vertically
arranged shaft 148, that in turn rotates a secondary shaft 149, through chain and
chain wheels, as shown; the upper end of the shaft 149 being screw threaded, and.
carrying a pointer sleeve 150, that registers on the scale 151, the quantity of clay
entering the mold.
Attached to any part of the press proper, where high pressure will be exerted,.
is a pressure alarm, consisting of a hydraulic cylinder 152, and a plunger 153,
see Figures 1, and 9, the movement of which is controlled by a spring cushion 154;
attached to said plunger is an index finger 155, having an adjustable fulcrum 156,.
to admit of an adjustment of its travel. The finger 155 is adapted to come in
contact with one or more electric alarm bells, 157, 158, and 159, and indicate
by sound the amount of pressure on the material in the molds, and as illustrated
in Figure 9 of the drawing; the minimum allowable, the desired, and the maximum."
pressures. This serves as a guide to enable the operator in charge, to fill the molds.
with the proper amount of clay to effect the desired pressure.
The operation of the press is as follows:
Assuming the press parts to be in the position illustrated in Figure 2, with the
upper ram just finishing its upward stroke; the lower ram up, supporting a batch
of brick, on line with the delivery table; the charger back. As the upper ram
completes its stroke, the arm 52, is moved downward, and through rod 113, and
sliding block 114, releases the catch 112, from its engagement with the valve
lever 108, allowing said lever to drop (from the central dotted to the full line
position Fig. 10), and so operate the valve 103, as in Fig. 15 that it admits.
pressure to the rear end of the charger cylinder 102, through pipe 107, and cause
the charger to move forward and push the batch of brick onto the delivery
table 8.
As the charger completes its forward movement, the adjustable stop 66, coming
in contact with arm 67 rocks the shaft 64, to effect the following results :
First, by means of cam 69, and piston connection 91, to close the inlet valve 32,
to lower ram chamber; second, by means of cam 68, and weighted lever 90, to open
the exhaust valve 34, of the lower ram chamber; and third, to move the tappet 70,
into position ready to disengage the latch 125, as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
and 17.
The pulling down cylinder 45, coming into action, draws the lower ram, and its
attachments into their "down" position, thereby forcing water from lower ram
chamber through exhaust valve 34, and passage 33, into storage tank 17; see
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22. While such downward.
movement of the lower ram is being effected, the rock shaft 54, has a rocking

page_text: motion imparted to it by the connecting links 55 and arms 56, which rocking motion
is in turn imparted to a rock shaft 59, through connecting link and arm 58 and 58',
the rocking of such last mentioned shaft effects the following results: first, by
means of its sector arm 63, and pinion, chain, and pulley connections 143, 140, 141,
142, see Figures 21, 22, and 23, to move the guide wedge 136-139, upwards;
second, by means of its arm 621, to move the slotted link 124 to the position
indicated in dotted lines in Figure 17; third, by means of the downward movement
of its arm 61, to leave the pressure dividing valve 31, see Figure 16, in an open
position, locked thereto by means of the spring latch 96; fourth, by means of its
arm 60, to move the slotted link 94, to the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 16;
fifth, by means of its arm 62, and the slotted link 109, see Figure 10, to lift
the valve lever 108, and with it the over-balancing device 110, to a position to
reverse the valve 103, and cause the charger to move backward, the same in the
meanwhile having filled mold cavity with clay, and the over-balancing device
having shifted to lock the parts in the last mentioned position.
The charger in moving backward, as last described when nearing the end of its
stroke, operates the rock shaft 64, by arm 67, and the fixed charger tappet 65, to
effect the following results: first, to remove cam 68 from engagement with the
weighted lever 90, see Figure 2, and allow the same to close the exhaust valve 34,
of the lower ram chamber, by gravity; second, to remove the cam 69, from engage-
ment with valve lever 91; third, by means of its tappet 70, see Figure 17, to
disengage the latch 125 from the weighted valve lever 123, and allow the same to
drop, and reverse the valves 121 and 122, closing communication between the usual
low pressure accumulator, and the upper chamber 42, of the auxiliary cylinder 38,
and opening exhaust therefrom.
The upper ram now drops, by gravity alone, or gravity assisted by a hydraulic
exhaust in the annular chamber 43, of the auxiliary cylinder 38, to produce the
first or initial pressure on the upper portion of the charge of clay. In its descent,
it first imparts motion to the rock shaft 48, see Figure 2, and when it has descended
a desired distance it allows valve 23, see Figure 3, to close the main communication
between the storage tank 17 and the upper hydraulic chamber. After the valve 23
has closed, should a further descent of the upper ram take place, water will be
supplied to the upper hydraulic cylinder through the check valve 24, to prevent
the formation of a vacuum in said hydraulic chamber.
The rocking motion imparted to rock shaft 48, by the initial downward movement
of the upper ram, effects the following results: first, by means of its arm 53, see
Figures 1, 21, and 22, and chain and pulley connection 137, and 138, with the
rod 132, to lift the weight 130, by means of the engagement of the spring hooks 134,
with the collar 133, of the rod 132; as the weight 130 is lifted the weighted lever 131
drops into the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 22, to reverse the
valves 128 and 129, of the hydraulic cylinder 85, see Figure 20, and cause its
plunger 84 to rise, and in its upward movement raises the respective weighted
levers 86 and 78; the lever 86, through its connecting rod 87, and lever 88, closes
relief valve 18, see Figures 18, 19, and 20; the cushion 89 admitting of any further
movement of the parts, and the lever 78, through its connecting rod 79, relieves
the rod 76, of any excess beyond that of the weight 75, and may if so desired
relieve the pressure controlling valve 20, of the upper ram cylinder of all the weight
that holds it closed; second, by means of its arm 52, and rod 113, and sliding
block 114, see Figures 2, 10, and 11, to retract the spring latch 112; third, by
means of its arm 51, see Figures 1, 3, and 16, slotted link 92 and cross pin 93, to
lift the valve lever 91, and open the inlet valve 32, of the lower ram cylinder. At
the desired time the valve lever 91, in upward movement, releases the spring
latch 96, through the adjustable link 98, and arm. 99, from engagement with the
stem of valve 31, to enable said valve to act as a "pressure dividing valve" at the
proper time.
Water enters the lower ram chamber.through passages 29, 30 and 26, raising the
lower ram, producing compression in the mold cavity. As soon as the pressure is

page_text: equal in said passages and chamber, valve 31, see Figures 3, and 5, will close
automatically, and allow only high pressure to enter lower ram chamber until said
lower ram chamber is relieved of high pressure.
If valve 20, is not held down, forcibly, pressure will enter the upper ram chamber
through side pipe connection 16, thus producing bricks made in the ordinary way.
But if valve 20 is held down forcibly (as hereinbefore described) water pressure
passing through side pipe will enter upper ram chamber only when sufficient
pressure has been produced in the lower ram chamber to overcome the resistance
of the controlling valve 20, and its weighted connections, the final pressure in the
upper ram chamber is thereby governed so that the material being compressed will
receive three distinct pressures, to-wit: first, initial pressure from the top ram;
second, pressure from the bottom ram; and third, simultaneous pressure from both
top and bottom rams.
The lower ram in its upward movements imparts a rocking movement to the
rock shafts, 54, and 59, see Figures 1, 2, and 6, to effect the following results :
first, by means of sector arm 63, pinion 143, chain and pulleys 140, 141, and 142,
see Figures 1, 21, and 22, to draw down the guide wedge 136-139; second, by
means of its arm 61, raises the valve 31, into engagement with the locking spring
latch 96, see Figure 16; third, by means of its arm 60, and slotted link 94, to
partially close. or throttle the inlet valve 32; fourth, when near the end of its
stroke by means of its arm 62¹, and slotted link 124, see Figures 1, and 17, to
reverse the valves 121 and 122, and cause the auxiliary cylinder 38, to raise the
upper ram; and fifth, by means of the arm 62, and slotted adjustable link 109,
see Figure 10, lifts the valve lever 108 into engagement with the spring latch 112.
The upper ram in its continued downward movement, by means of the rock
shaft 48, arm 53, chain and pulley connections 137, 138, adjustable rod 132, see
Figures 1, 21, and 22, draws the weight 130 upwards, so that when the desired
thickness of the bricks has been reached, the wedge 139, and spring hooks 134,
will be brought together to disengage and release the weight 130, that then drops
to depress the valve lever 131, and reverse the valves 128 and 129, of the hydraulic
cylinder 85, and allows water to escape therefrom, the plunger 84, then descends
and permits a downward movement of the weighted connections, of the valves 18
and 20, to pull the relief valve 18 open, and afford additional weight to hold the
controlling valve 20 closed.
The relief valve 18, see Figures 18 and 19, being open and controlling valve 20
closed, both rams will move upward together, water escaping from the upper ram
cylinder through relief valve 18, and none entering through valve 20; the inlet-
outlet valve 23, opening at the proper time to admit of a freer discharge from the
upper ram chamber. The upper ram as it moves upward re-engages the weight 130,
with the rod 132 ready for a succeeding next operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper and lower rams and
their respective cylinders, a connecting pipe 16, and an independently moving
loaded controlling valve 20, operating automatically to admit pressure to the upper
ram cylinder when a predetermined pressure is attained in the lower ram cylinder,
substantially as set forth.
2. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper and lower rams, and
their respective cylinders, a connecting pipe 16, between said cylinders, and inde-
pendently moving loaded controlling valve 20, and a loading and unloading
attachment for said valve adapted to automatically change the amount of load,
upon said valve while the same is held closed, substantially as set forth.
3. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper and lower rams and
their respective cylinders, a connecting pipe 16, with relief valve 18, and controlling

page_text: valve 20, arranged independent of each other, and weighted connections, adapted
to pull the relief valve 18 open, and hold the controlling valve 20 closed, substan-
tially as set forth.
4. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper and lower rams and
their respective cylinders, a connecting pipe 16, relief valve 18, controlling valve 20,
said valves being arranged independent of each other, weighted connections to the
valves, and a hydraulic cylinder and plunger 84, 85, adapted to push the weighted
connections upward to close the relief valve 18, and reduce the maximum load by
which the controlling valve 20 is held closed, substantially as set forth.
5. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the upper ram and ram
cylinder, passages 15 and 21, of the combined inlet and outlet valve 23, having an
intermittent operative connection with the upper ram, substantially as set forth.
6. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the upper ram and ram
cylinder, passage 15, and storage tank 17 of the independently arranged combined
suction and check valve 24, substantially as set forth.
7. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper ram and ram cylinder,
the combined inlet and outlet valve 23, combined suction and check valve 24, in
the passage 15, the valve 23, having an intermittent operative connection with the
upper ram, substantially as set forth.
8. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper ram and ram cylinder,
passages 15, 21, combined inlet and outlet valve 23, stem 73, collar 74, and arm 72,
carried by the upper ram, substantially as set forth.
9. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper ram plunger 10,
auxiliary raising cylinder 38, aud tie rods 37, connecting the two together, essen-
tially as set forth.
10. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper ram plunger 10,
auxiliary raising cylinder having its lower annular chamber in constant communi-
-cation with low pressure accumulator, and tie rods connecting the auxiliary cylinder
and plunger 10 together, essentially as set forth.
11. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper ram plunger, the
auxiliary raising cylinder 38, the upper chamber 42, of which is in communication
through its hollow piston, with a valve chamber 115, a pair of valves 121, 122, in
said chamber controlling the pressure supply to the upper chamber of the auxiliary
-cylinder, and tie rods 37, connecting the auxiliary cylinder 38, and upper ram
plunger 10 together, substantially as set forth.
12. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the upper ram plunger 10,
auxiliary raising cylinder 38, stationary piston 39, having ports 40 and 41
connected respectively with chambers 42 and 43, substantially as set forth.
13. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the auxiliary raising
cylinder 38, for the upper ram or plunger 10, of the valve casing 115, valves 121
and 122, connected together by a valve lever 123, and a slotted link 124, for
operating the same, substantially as set forth.
14. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the auxiliary raising
cylinder 38, for the upper ram or plunger 10, of the valve casing 115, valves 121
and 122, connected together by a valve lever 123, slotted link 124 actuating
arm 62' operated by lower ram connections, substantially as set forth.
15. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the auxiliary raising
cylinder 38, for the upper ram or plunger 10, of the valve casing 115, valves 121
and 122, connected together by a weighted lever 123, spring latch 125, and
operating tappet 70, substantially as set forth.
16. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the auxiliary raising
cylinder 38, for the upper ram, or plunger 10, of the valve casing 115, valves 121
and 122, connected together by a weighted lever 123, spring latch 125, operating
tappet 70, slotted link 124, and actuating arm 62' operated by the lower ram
-connections, substantially as set forth.
17. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the auxiliary raising

page_text: cylinder 38, rock shaft 48, arm 50, connected to and receiving motion from the
cylinder 38, arm 52, link 113, and sliding block 114, adapted to release the valve
mechanism of the charger, substantially as set forth.
18. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the auxiliary raising
cylinder 38, rock shaft 48, arm 50, connected to and receiving motion from the
cylinder 38, arm 51, and link 92, adapted to operate the lever 91, of the inlet
valve 32, of the lower ram cylinder, substantially as set forth.
19. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the auxiliary raising
cylinder 38, rock shaft 48, arm 50, connected to and receiving motion from the
cylinder 38, arm 53, chain and pulley connections 137-138, rod 132 and drop
weight 130, adapted to operate the valve mechanism for controlling, and relief
valves, of the upper ram cylinder, substantially as set forth.
20. The combination with a hydraulic brick press, of the pressure chamber 152,
plunger 153, cushion 154, pointer 155, adjustable fulcrum 156, and an electric
alarm, substantially as set forth.
21. The combination with a hydraulic brick press, of the pressure chamber 152,
plunger 153, cushion 154, pointer 155, adjustable fulcrum 156, and a series of
electric alarms 157, 158 and 159, substantially as set forth.
22. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the reciprocating clay
charger 100, imparting intermittent motion to the rock shaft 64, arm 67, cam 68,
and weighted lever adapted to operate the outlet valve 34, of the lower ram
chamber, substantially as set forth.
23. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the reciprocating clay
charger 100, imparting intermittent motion to the rock shaft 64, arm 67, cam 69,
adapted to operate the valve lever 91, of the inlet valve 32, of lower ram chamber,
substantially as set forth.
24. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the reciprocating clay
charger 100, imparting intermittent motion to the rock shaft 64, arm 67, and
tappet 70, adapted to release the spring latch 125 of the valve mechanism of the
auxiliary cylinder 38, substantially as set forth.
25. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the vertically adjustable
stop 144, of the chain and pulley connections 145, 146 and 147, and the vertical
hand wheel shaft 148, substantially as set forth.
26. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the vertically adjustable
stop 144, of the chain pulley and shaft connections 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, the
travelling pointer 150, and scale 151, substantially as set forth.
27. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the rock shaft, receiving
motion from the lower ram, and carrying an arm 60, and slotted link 94, adapted
to operate the arm 91, of the inlet valve 32, to lower ram chamber, substantially
as set forth.
28. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the lower ram cylinder
and its high and low pressure inlets 27, and 28, and the inlet valve 32, of the
pressure dividing valve 31, arranged between the high and low pressure inlets, and
receiving its opening movement from the lower ram, and a holding latch, for
retaining said valve in a raised condition independent of the lower ram, substan-
tially as set forth.
29. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the lower ram cylinder
and its high and low pressure inlets 27, and 28, and the inlet valve 32, of the
pressure dividing valve 31, arranged between the high and low pressure inlets, a
rock shaft 59, receiving motion from the lower ram, and carrying an arm 61,
adapted to raise the pressure dividing valve, and a holding latch, for retaining
said valve in a raised condition independent of the lower ram, substantially as set
forth.
30. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the rock. shaft, receiving
motion from the lower ram, and carrying an arm 61, adapted to operate the pressure
dividing valve 31, substantially as set forth.
31. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the rock shaft 59 receiving

page_text: motion from the lower ram, and carrying an arm 62¹ and slotted link 124, adapted
to operate the valve mechanism of the auxiliary cylinder 38, substantially as set
forth.
32. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the rock shaft, receiving
motion from the lower ram, and carrying a sector 63, with the pinion 143, chain
and pulley connections 140, 141, and 142, and the wedge 139, adapted to release
the weight 130, that operate the mechanism of the valves 128 and 129, substantially
as set forth.
33. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the rock shaft, receiving
motion from the lower ram, and carrying an arm 62, and slotted link 109, adapted
to operate the valve of the charger cylinder, substantially as set forth.
34. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the charger cylinder and
its valve 103, of the link 111, and shifting over-balancing device 110, substantially
as set forth.
35. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the charger cylinder,
and its valve 103, the valve lever 108, and latch 112, substantially as set forth.
36. In hydraulic brick press, the combination of the pressure dividing valve 31,
and spring latch 96, adapted to hold said valve open, substantially as set forth.
37. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the pressure dividing valve 31,
spring latch 96, and arm 99, and adjustable link 98, connected to valve lever 91,
substantially as set forth.
38. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the lower ram plunger 11,
tie rods 44, and pulling down cylinder 45, in constant communication with the low
pressure accumulator, for the purpose set forth.
39. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination with the relief valve 18, of the
upper ram cylinder, and its operating lever 88, of the weight 130, a coupling device
as 133-134, and releasing devices as 139, such devices being controlled in their
movements by the movement of the upper and lower rams, substantially as set
forth..
40. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the controlling valve 20,
and controlling weight 75, holding the valve closed, substantially as set forth.
41. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the controlling valve 20,
and controlling weight 75, holding the valve closed, the weighted lever 78 and
rod 79, substantially as set forth.
42. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the controlling valve 20,
and controlling weight 75, holding the valve closed, the weighted lever 78, rod 79,
and hydraulic cylinder and plunger 84 and 85, substantially as set forth.
43. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the relief valve 18, valve
lever 88, and hydraulic cylinder and plunger 84, 85, substantially as set forth.
44. In a hydraulic brick press, the combination of the relief valve 18, valve
lever 88, connecting link 87, and weighted lever 86, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 16th day of August 1892.
HERBERT. & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant..