Improvements in and relating to Machines for Manufacturing Paper-bags.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1889-Accepted, 19th Oct.,
1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Machines for Manufacturing
Paper-bags.
I, CHARLES BOUGhton Stilwell, residing at 1411, Jefferson Street, in the City
and County of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, one of the United States of
America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the construction of machinery adapted to make paper bags
of the peculiar formation shown in Figures 1 to 14 of the drawings; and the object
of my invention is to provide means and appliances whereby such bags can be rapidly
and economically manufactured.
Bags of the above kind when opened for use do not differ from the well-known
satchel-bottom bag made from a plain tube of paper, and, as in the old satchel-bottom
bags, the first step in the formation of their bottoms is to open and spread out one
end of the tube thus forming what, in the manufacture of the old satchel-bottom
bags is called "the diamond," which term is also applicable to the opened and flattened
end of the tube as formed in the process of making the new bag, although in the
latter case the two lateral corners of the diamond figure which form part of the sides
of the bag when distended, are folded inward so that they lie upon the true bottom
of the bag instead of extending out from said .bottom as in the old bag; and the
figure of the opened end of the blank is therefore not a true diamond but a diamond
with its lateral edges truncated. In both the old and new bags the final folds which
complete the bag ready for market are made by folding the front and back corners of
the diamond down upon each other and upon the inwardly-folded flaps of the
diamond.
My present invention relates principally to the means whereby the end of a
bellows-folded tube is opened and spread out into the truncated diamond form to
which I have referred. Its features and details will be better understood after
an examination of the drawings which represent a paper bag machine embodying my
invention.
Figures 1 to 14, representing the various folds made in the blank in the process
of making the bag.
Figure 15, is a side view, partly in section, of the mechanism by which a roll of
paper is converted into a bellows-folded tube.
Figure 16, a plan view of the same mechanism shown in Figure 15.
Figure 17, is an elevation, partly in section, showing the mechanism by means of
which the tube, after being formed, is first cut into blanks of the desired form
and then opened up at one end into the diamond or truncated diamond form before
referred to.
Figure 18, is a plan view of the same mechanism shown in Figure 17.
Figure 19, is a front view of that part of the machine shown in Figures 17
and 18.
Figure 20, is an enlarged plan view of the distending rods or fingers which I use
in opening out the end of the tube; the folder plates which I use to compress the
diamond and hold it in shape after it has been formed, and the mechanism by which
these fingers and plates are actuated.
Figure 21 (sheet 8) is a view of the same portions of the machine showing them,
however, in a different position from that occupied in Figure 20.
Figure 22, is a side view of one of the distending fingers and its immediate
connections.

page_text: Figure 23, a similar view showing a modification in the way in which the finger
is attached.
Figure 24 (sheet 7) and Figure 25 (sheet 8) are side views of the cams by which
the distending fingers are actuated.
Figures 26, 27 & 28, are respective top, edge, and front views of the side folder plates.
Figure 29, is an enlarged front view of those portions of the machine which
operate to open and distend the bottom of the blank in the diamond form; the
mechanism being here shown as in the position it occupies just before the distending
fingers are actuated.
Figure 30, is a similar view showing the mechanism in the position it occupies
when the distending fingers have performed their function in opening up the bottom
of the tube.
Figure 31, shows the same parts of the machine in the position they occupy
when the vertically-moving folder plate has performed its function, and the diamond
is practically brought to form.
Figure 32, again represents the same portions of the machine at the stage of
their operation when the side folder plates are in operation to press and hold the
diamond in shape.
Figure 33, is a side view of the upper part of the mechanism shown in Figure 29
in the position it there occupies.
Figure 34, a similar view showing the position of the mechanism as in Figure 30.
Figure 35, a similar view showing the mechanism in the position it occupies in
Figure 31; and
Figure 36, shows the parts as they are in Figure 32.
Figure 37 is an enlarged front view of the roller K₁ which performs an important
part in the opening of the diamond; this view showing the gripping fingers which
are attached to and operate upon this roller, and the cams which operate them, in their
open position.
Figure 38, is an end view on the line y y of Figure 37.
Figure 39, is a view similar to Figure 37 showing the action of the cams on the
gripping fingers which are here shown in the position they occupy when gripping
the paper upon the roller K'; and
Figure 40, is an end view on a section of Figure 39.
Figure 41, is a sectional elevation of the mechanism by which I fold.down the two
final flaps to form the bottom of the bag.
Figure 42, a front view of this part of the machine.
Figure 43, a back view of the roller Q of Figure 41.
Figures 44 to 47 inclusive, are views of a modification of the distending fingers
heretofore referred to.
Figures 48 to 52, inclusive, views of still another modification of this part of the
machine.
Figures 53 and 54, views showing this last modification in connection with a bag
blank and the rollers K K¹.
Figures 55 and 56, are plan views, a modification in which two co-acting pairs of
distending fingers are used to open the bag blank.
Figures 57 and 8, side views of the modified device shown in Figures 55 and 56.
Figures 59 and 60, are side views of another modification of my improved bag
machine.
Figures 61 to 66 details of the mechanism shown in Figures 59 and 60; and
4
Figures 67 and 68 are side views illustrating still another modification which may i
be made in my machine.
Referring first to Figures 15 and 16, A is the roll of paper from which the bellows-
folded tube is to be made: A¹ representing the paper as it leaves the roll and passes
to and over the formers which make it into a tube. A² are cones which sustain the
roll A and keep it in position. As guides which centre the roll A, and A' the pivoted
supports for the guides A³.. B and C are guide rollers for directing the paper. Ca
paste wheel for applying a line of paste to one edge of the paper as it passes over

page_text: the guide roll C: being the paste box, the table which supports said box,
and a rock shaft by which the paste box and roller are held in correct position with
respect to the guide rollers C. D is a table which supports the devices by which the
web A is formed into a bellows-folded tube. D' braces supporting D and D.
D' brackets on which the table D is supported on the braces D'; and D³ and D)*
the main frame of the machine. E is the support to which are secured the former
plates E E², the said support E being made adjustable as shown by means of slots
and bolts. FF are adjustable upright guides which fold the web A¹ around the
edges of the former E. Fare guide discs which direct the sides of the blank
between the formers E¹ and E. F are fingers for directing the upper edges of the
web A' into proper position above the former F. F2 F3 rotating guide discs operating
between the formers E' and E' as shown. (F4 F4, Figure 18, are additional guide
discs which I prefer to use). G G are pressure rolls which act together with the
prolonged former E to compress the bellows-folded tube after it has been formed by
the above described mechanism.
Passing next to Figures 17 and 18 which will at once be seen to show those
portions of the machine which lie in front or beyond the tube former proper, H H¹
are feed rollers journaled on the shafts 4 and 3. I I¹ are feed rollers carrying
knives I which operate on the centre of the tube and are arranged to cut a lip at
the centre as is quite customary in making blanks. The particular construction of
these knives as indicated in the drawings need not be here explained as they do not
form an essential part of my present invention and could be replaced by any of the
well known cutters for doing similar work. I wish however to call attention to the fact
that these cutters operate in connection with an opening e in the prolonged former E³,
said former being broadened out as shown at el so that its perforation may have the
requisite breadth here slightly greater than the breath of the plate itself in this part
of the machine. J J are feed rollers provided with knives J2 and slots J³, said
knives and slots acting on each side of E to completely sever the tube into blanks
of the desired length; the knives 12 12 having previously severed the tube at its
centre. K K are the feed rollers which deliver the blanks to the mechanism which
opens and spreads out their bottoms and of which mechanism the roller K¹ is, in
my preferred construction, an important constituent. The roller K' has a plain cylin-
drical face as shown, while the roller K is made up of two discs and does not touch
the roller K¹ at the centre.
With the exception of some novel functions performed by the roller K', the
mechanism of the machine up to this point has no essential relevancy to my present
invention and might be replaced by any of the many well-known forms of mechanism by
which a web of paper is formed into a bellows-folded tube and such tube cut up into
bag blanks of the required size and form.
It will be noticed that the former E, is continued throughout the whole length of
the mechanism heretofore described and by reference to Figure 17, and the other
drawing showing this part of the machine, it will be seen that the end of the former
passes over the top of the roller K₁ and conforming closely to its outline, curves
downward. Over the top of the former where it passes over the roller K', is a guide E³
fastened to the support E'.
cam
To refer next to the immediate connections of the roller K', K' K' are stationary
cams at each end of said roller, said cains being supported on the axis II and held
stationary by the supports K³; (best seen in Figure 17). K' K' (see Figs. 37 to 40)
are gripping fingers pivoted in line with each other on the outer edge of the
roller K¹; K K being clamping plates for holding the fingers in position;
K K rollers attached to the fingers in such a way as to rest against the
surfaces of K²; and K' K' are springs which act to hold the rollers K against the cam
surfaces K³. The action of the cams K' in connection with the fingers K³
clearly shown in Figures 37 to 40 inclusive. L L' are feed rollers of which L is
secured to and turns with the shaft 14, while L' (see Fig. 17) is supported on the end
of a lever L² pivoted at L³ and pressed upward by means of a spring L', the upward
motion of the lever L and the roller L' which it supports being limited and regulated
is

page_text: by a set screw L. It will be noticed that a portion about one-half as shown in the
drawings, of the surface of the upper roller L is cut away so as to be lower than
the remaining one-half of the surface. In this way, by a proper adjustment of the
set screw L, the rollers L L' are made to alternately tightly grip the paper between
them and release their grip upon it. The release of course need not be entire; in
fact, it is desirable that there should always be some pressure between the two rollers.
M and M are feed rollers, M being secured on the shaft 15, and M¹ turning by
frictional contact. The roll M has a broad plain face of greater width than the bag
blank, while the roll M¹ is narrow and rests upon the centre of the plain surface of
roll M. M2 is a flat plate arranged so that its surface will be substantially in line
with a vertical tangent to the surface of roll M. N N are rollers which serve at the
same time to apply paste to the diamond after it has been formed and feed it forward
to the mechanism which makes the final folds.
To return, however, to those parts of the mechanism by which the diamond is
formed during the progress of the blank from between the rolls K K until it is
engaged by the rolls N N', V V (best shown in Figures 22 and 23) are distending
rods or fingers, the shanks of which pass through an oscillating bar or rock shaft Vi
in which they are free to turn. V2 are rollers attached to arms springing from the
base of the fingers V. V³ V³ are cams secured on a rotating shaft 17 so as to rest
against the rollers V and through said rollers, cause the fingers V to turn in their
bearings on the rock shaft V₁ from the position shown in Figure 20 to the position
shown in Figure 21. V is an arm attached to and projecting upward from the rock
shaft V. Va roller journaled in the arm V. V is a cam on shaft 17 against.
which the roller V5 rests and by which the rock shaft V₁ is caused to oscillate at
proper times.
VV are the bearings of the rock shaft V. V8 is a spring which
acts to keep the roller V³ in contact with the cam V. S is a folder plate or tucker.
S¹ a link connecting the upper edge of the tucker S with the lever arm S2 which is
secured to the rock shaft S³. S is an arm also secured to rock shaft S3 and carrying
at its lower end a roiler S which rests against a cam Se on shaft 9, said cam acting
through the roller arm S, shaft S³, arm S², and link S¹, serving to raise and lower
the tucker S at proper times. T T are guides for the tucker S. They are attached to
a rock shaft T from which extends an arm T2 carrying at its end a roller T³. This
roller rests against the cam T on the shaft 12 and said cam regulates the angular
position of the guides T and the tucker S which they support. U U are folding
wings or plates, the form and construction of which are best seen in Figures 26
and 27. They are supported on that part of the frame-work of the machine
marked D' on journal pins which pass through the holes U (see Fig. 21). U³ ar
roller arms attached to these folding wings, and U³ rollers journaled on the arms U².
These rollers are inserted in the cam groove U of cams U and said cams are secured
on the rotating shaft 19.
Before explaining the action of the above-described parts in opening the bottom of
the blank, I will point out the gearing by which, in the machine shown in the drawings,
the different operative devices are actuated.
1. is the driving shaft. 1ª a gear-wheel secured to this shaft and meshing with an
intermediate wheel 2" on shaft 2. This wheel engages with a wheel on shaft 3 which
is of the same size and lies directly under the wheel 4" on shaft 4, with which wheel
it engages to drive the shaft 4, the feed rolls H H being thus actuated with equal
velocity. 2 also engages with the wheel 5" on shaft 5: a second wheel, 5, on this
shaft engaging a wheel 6° on shaft 6 to rotate the cutter rolls 1 1. The wheel 5°
engages the intermediate wheel 7b on shaft 7, and this wheel engages with a gear-
wheel on shaft 8 of the same dimensions and directly under the wheel marked 9b on
shaft 9, said wheel 9b being driven by the corresponding gear on shaft 8, and the
cutter rollers J J¹ are thus driven with uniform velocity. The gear-wheel on shaft 8
engages with the wheel 10b on the intermediate shaft 10 and this gear-wheel 10b
actuates the roller K' by engaging with a wheel on shaft 11, said wheel having the
same dimensions and lying directly under 12b on shaft 12; 12b being driven by the
wheel on shaft 11 so that rollers K and K' have the same velocity. The gear-wheel 12b

page_text: engages with the intermediate wheel 13" on shaft 13, and 13", engages a wheel 14°
on shaft 14 so as to drive the roller L. The intermediate gear 10 also engages a
gear-wheel 15" on shaft 15 and drives the roller M said wheel 15" also meshing
with an intermediate gear 16 on shaft 16, which in turn engages the gear 17" on
shaft 17 and actuates said shaft and the cams situated upon it. The gear 15 engages
an intermediate gear 18" on shaft. 18, said gear-wheel engaging with gear on shaft 19
of the same dimensions as 15, and the gear on shaft 19 meshing with a similar
gear-wheel on the shaft 20. I prefer to make the train of gears which actuate the
mechanism in front of the rollers H. H', operate to move the rollers in front of H H¹
slightly faster than they move so as to put a slight tension on the paper between H H¹
and JJ. The surface velocities of the rollers 11, JJ, KK, LL', M M³,
and NN, are substantially the same though I have found it advantageous to make the
velocity of the surface of the roller L slightly greater than that of the rest of the
train so as to put some little tension on the bag blank at that point. The shaft 1.7
must move with the same angular velocity as the shaft 11 carrying the roller K'.
The system of gearing to which I have above referred can of course be varied in many
ways, and of course so long as the proper sequence of motion is preserved between
the various operative parts, it is entirely immaterial how they are geared and connected
together to have this sequence.
I have already pointed out how the tube is prepared and cut into blanks and,
as the drawings show, as soon as the blanks are completely separated from each
other, they pass between the rollers K K'. As they pass from between these
rollers, the extension of the former E which lies within the blank, bends down
the lower or underside of the blank, while the upper side is guided by the plate E³
between the rollers L L' as is shown in Figures 29 and 33. The upper side
of the paper is then gripped between the rolls L L and drawn forward by
them. The gripping fingers K K pivoted on the roller K' are so arranged with
relation to the stationary cams K2 K that they will move inward and clamp the edges
of the bottom of the blank to the roller at the points where the corners of the bottom
of the bag are to be formed, and the distending fingers V which, as the upper side of
the blank passes between the rollers L L lie in the position shown in Figures 29
and 33, are so arranged with relation to the cams V3 V³, and the cam V that they
will open and rock backward into the position shown in Figures 30 and 34 when the
blank has been fed forward sufficiently to make the points of the fingers V engage the
corners of the blank at, or a little back of, the points where the corners of the bottom
are to be formed in the upper fold of the blank. At the point in the movement of
the machine indicated in Figures 30 and 34, the bottom of the bag is thus defined:
its corners on the lower side of the blank being defined by the line on which the
fingers K K catch it, and its corners on the upper side of the blank defined by the
points where the fingers V V rest on the inside of the blank.
By giving the distending fingers the double motion described am enabled to
engage the corners of the blanks with greater uniformity and precision; the motion
backward, or more accurately in the direction of the motion of the blank, insuring
that the engagement of the fingers with the tube shall not be too close to the end of
the blank at the time when said blank is being distended. I will also note here that
it is not essential that the fingers K' should actually clamp the paper against the
roll K¹; indeed, the said fingers will fully serve their purpose if they merely define
the corners by laying on the under side of the tube at these points without
pressure for the fingers V V in connection with the curved end of plate E' will practi-
cally effect the distension of the tube though without some means of defining the
corners they could not be depended on to bring said corners into the same
transverse plane with corners while therefore I shall hereafter refer to K K' as
gripping fingers" it must not be understood that I mean thereby to limit myself to
fingers which clamp the paper against the roll K.
"
The tucker S is actuated so that it will move down and engage the top of the blank
issuing from rolls K K on the line where the upper side of the blank is folded back
on itself in the completed bag.

page_text: .
Between its position as shown in Figures 33 and 34, the tucker S, as the blank
advances, moves down, engaging the blank first in about the position shown in dotted
lines in Figure 33 and then being so guided that its edge will practically follow the
conformation of roller K' and move with the same speed. The effect of this is that
when the blank is in the position shown in Figure 34, its front upper side is just
changing its forward for a backward motion between rolls 1 Land is virtually
standing still at the time when the distending fingers operate to distend the tube,
and the position of the tucker is such as to prevent the distension of the tube from
extending too far back and to cause the folds to fall naturally into the desired lines.
At this point the recessed portion of the roller L comes above the roller L' and said
rollers therefore release the tight grasp which they have heretofore had
upon the upper
side of the blank, and the tucker S moving downward from the position shown in
Figures 30 and 34 to that shown in Figures 31 and 35, draws the upper side of the
blank from between the rollers L L; the roller L' of course being narrower than
the distance between the side folds z z¹ of the diamond as shown in Figure 4. As is
shown in Figures 34 and 35, the end of the lower side of the blank is seized between
the feed rollers M M' and drawn forward, while and after the tucker S is moving from
the position shown in 34 to that shown in 35, the roller M³, like the roller L', being
narrower than the distance between the side folds of the diamond. The spreading
fingers V V close, or begin to close, immediately after the mechanism is on the posi-
tion shown in Figures 34 and 30. Their closure may be so arranged that their points
will follow the two converging lines of the upper fold of the diamond and help to
bring these lines into shape although this action is not essential. The fingers K³ K
on roller K¹ also move back from their position over the edges of the under side of
the blank as the machinery advances from the position shown in Figure 34, the
diamond being completed by the co-action of the roller L', tucker S, and rolls M M³,
which, the paper having been drawn into the position shown at Z in Figures 30
and 34 pull it in such a way as to cause it to naturally fall into the desired diamond shape.
Before the tucker S has completed its downward motion, the side folders or wings U
which, during the first part of the operation of spreading open the bottom. have
remained in the position shown in Figures 30 and 33, are caused to close inward
by their cams Us, thus flattening out the diamond until they rest against the blank
as shown in Figures 31 and 35 pressing the diamond lightly against the tucker S,
the roll M, and the plate M². While these side folders remain in this position,
the tucker S is withdrawn and the blank fed forward into the position shown in
Figures 32 and 36; the diamond being held to shape by the pressure of the wing
folders U until it is engaged by the feeding and pasting rollers N N'.
It will be observed that by the method of opening and forming the diamond
on the end of the blank above-described, the paper falls easily into the desired
lines of fold and is not subjected to any undue strains at any point or on any
line. The mechanism by which the paper is led to fold itself on the proper lines
as it advances through the machine is all of it simple and easily constructed and
all parts which have a reciprocating motion, or which move faster than the main
feeding rolls, are exceedingly light so that the machine is exposed to no shocks
and can be made to work with great rapidity.
The distending fingers V, and the grippers K on roll K¹, co-act together in
such a way that the points at which they touch the blank just before the distending
fingers begin to close and the grippers to move from over the lower side of the
blank, will be distant from each other by nearly the breadth of the side of the bag.
They co-act therefore to distend the tube on the plane of the bag bottom and as
the tucker prevents the distension of the blank from extending back of the line ³
which it defines, this distension causes the paper to bend in curves which approxi-
mate in position to the lines which define the triangular folds marked zz in Figure 4.
The downwardly-bent end of the former plate E, pulls down the front point of the
diamond so that at the time when the distending fingers and grippers release their
hold upon the blank, it has already begun to assume the diamond shape; the folds z¹¹
being to some degree bent inward in the direction of their final position, and as the

page_text: tucker S continues its downward motion and the side of the blank resting over roll L'
's drawn backward, the longitudinal extension of the distended end of the tube is
continued and the side folds 2 move gradually downward towards their final
position as shown in Figure 4; the narrow feed roll M co-acting with roll L' to
bring the diamond into shape, but, as will be hereafter explained, not being essential.
As the diamond flattens out, the curved folds which, as I have stated, were originally
made on approximately the lines of the triangular folds are flattened and compacted
together so that when the hinged or wing folders U U come into play, all the lines
of the diamond are so nearly defined that only a slight pressure is needed to crease
the paper into the proper permanent folds and deliver it to the rollers N N¹ to be
further compacted and provided with the proper lines of paste.
The particular construction and arrangement of the mechanism for opening one
end of the blank and spreading it out into the diamond form which I have described
and illustrated in the drawings, is, in my belief, the best form in which I have
embodied, or contemplated embodying my invention. Many of its features however
are capable of extensive modification and some parts may be dispensed with entirely ;
for instance, the rollers L L may be replaced with a stationary or movable plate
for supporting the top of the blank above the distonding fingers, or the fingers them-
selves may be made to serve the purpose of said rollers, and the shape of the fingers,
and the mechanism for actuating them are capable of almost indefinite variation. In
Figures 44 to 47 inclusive, I have illustrated a modification which will be readily
understood. The fingers, here marked V, are pivoted upon a rock shaft marked V
which shaft also carries a plate which I have marked VL; said plate being so placed
that the fingers Va in moving toward each other would pass underneath it to the posi-
tion indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 44. V2 are rollers secured on the ends
of the fingers V; and V is a cam secured upon the rock shaft Vin, by the rota-
tion of which, the rock shaft with its fingers and plate VL, move from the position
shown in dotted lines in Figure 45 to that shown in full lines. A properly formed
cam surface, in or against which the rollers V2 rest, will cause the fingers V* to
move outward to the position shown in Figure 44 as the rock shaft and its plate VL
are moved outward. It will at once be recognized that the fingers arranged in this way
have a very similar motion to the fingers shown in the other drawings and will act to
distend the tube in the same way; and it will also be apparent that the plate VL will
serve the purpose of the roller L' in drawing out the back end of the diamond as
the blank moves backward over it after the blank has been distended and the fingers
closed together.
Still another modification is illustrated in Figures 48 to 54 inclusive. The distending
fingers in this construction I have marked V. They are pivoted upon a block V₁
which remains stationary and have an annular flange as shown, between which and
the block V, a plate is situated. The spindles of the fingers V pass through
slots in the plate v, and the annular flanges of the fingers are slotted as is shown
at V so as to engage projections V³ on the plate v. Plate v is given a backward
and forward motion by means of any convenient gearing: Figure 48 showing it in
its for war position, and Figure 49 showing it in its backward position: its connec-
tion with the fingers V causing them to move from the position shown in Figure 48
to the position shown in Figure 49 as it moves backward, and of course moving the
fingers from the position shown in Figure 49 to that shown in Figure 48 as it moves
forward. These fingers are placed with respect to the rollers K K' as is shown in
Figure 53, and the blank is delivered over said fingers in the manner shown in this
figure until when it is moved forward sufficiently, the plate moves backward when
the fingers are thrown into the position shown in Figure 49 distending the blank in
the way indicated in Figure 54, after which, the fingers are moved back to the posi-
tion shown in Figures 48 and 53, and the blank then drawn backward over the
points of the fingers which of course in this position answer the same purpose as the
roller L or the plate VL in bringing the diamond into form.
When the roll L or a plate such as VL is used to support and guide one side of
the blank, I prefer that the ends of the fingers should lie beneath it when in their

page_text: forward position, the rim of the roll or edge of the plate being shaped as shown to
permit of this.
For the purpose of clearly defining the scope of my invention, I have, in Figures : 5
to 62, illustrated a number of modifications in the mechanism for opening the mouth
of the blank for distending it, and for drawing out the diamond; many of these
modifications being alternative to devices claimed are not for that reason specifically
claimed in this application. In Figures 55 to 58 I have illustrated a substitute for
the gripping fingers K³ K³ consisting of a second pair of distending fingers which,
like those before referred to, act upon the inside of the tube; and like the grippers K³,
co-act with the fingers V V in distending the blank on the plain of the bag bottom.
In Figures 55 and 57, 1 have illustrated the double distending fingers in the position
they occupy when receiving the advancing blank from the rolls K K, and in Figures 56
and 58 I have shown them in the position they occupy when acting to distend the
blank. The second pair of distending fingers are marked V V V V; the rock shaft
in which they are journaled VI VI; the arms corresponding to arms V2 of the upper
fingers are marked V2 V2; the cam which reciprocates them V3 V³; the arm on the
rock shaft V V*; the roller carried by said arin V5 V; and the cam which moves
the rock shaft is marked V* V*. In all respects the actuating devices for the lower
fingers are, as shown, similar to those of the fingers V, and it will at once be seen
that with respect to the fingers V, the tucker S and the rest of the mechanism for
forming the diamond, the fingers V V are the equivalents of the grippers K³ which
I prefer to use. I have mentioned before that the rolls M M' are not essential and in
Figures 57 and 58 have shown the end of the prolonged former E² as extending down
to the pressing rolls N N¹; it will be apparent that the narrow plate E2 will, in connec-
tion with the roll or a narrow support such as I have already described, act to
draw out the ends of the distended blank to the diamond form just as, though perhaps
not so well as the roll M².
In Figures 59 to 66 I have shown another modification of the device for distending
the tube in which, instead of using the distending fingers V V to engage the corners
of the upper side of the blank, I employ external grippers which are caused to engage
the blank at the proper points to move with it sufficiently far to co-act with tho
fingers K³ K³ in distending the blank, and then to release the blank. V* is a bearing
shaft on which I suspend an oscillating frame V having tubular extensions Vk
arranged at a distance apart somewhat greater than the breadth of the bag blanks,
at the top of the tubular extensions V2 I form cams V³. V* V* are rods passing
through the tubes V, at their upper ends, cam surfaces V** corresponding with
cams V³ are formed and arms Vs firmly secured to the rods extend out at right
angles to them. At the ends of arms Vs rollers Vs are secured and a spring k
is provided to hold the said rollers in contact with cams V*10 secured on a shaft Vk⁹
which is actuated by gearing from the machine as indicated by the dotted lines in
Figures 59 and 60. The cams Vk16 act through arms Vk on the rods V** causing
them to have a reciprocating rotation in the tubes V** and at the same time to move
longitudinally up and down therein owing to the conformation of cams V*3 and Vк.
Another cam surface Vk on shaft. V*9 acts on a roller V*12 secured to frame Vki
giving it a reciprocating oscillation on its bearing shaft V. Jaws V*13 are secured at
the end of tubes V2 on rods V4, and spring jaws or grippers V* are attached to
the end of said rods by being clamped between jaws V and pins V*15 on the ends
of rods V** as shown.
The operation of the device is easily followed: the cam V* throws the frame Vkl
forward into the position shown in Figure 59 where the jaws Vkis lie above and the
open spring jaws or grippers below the upper side of the blank Z as it advances from
rolls K K. At the point where cam Vk allows the frame to move away from
rolls K K', the cams V10 act on the arms V** and cause the rods V7 to turn
and move upward thus simultaneously moving the jaws V inward and the
gripper Vinward and upward so that that they will pass beneath the edges of
blank Z and clamp the corners of its upper side against the jaw V13 which lie above
said blank. The frame then moves forward to the position shown in Figure 60, the

page_text: ;
grippers V holding the upper corners of the blank while at the same time its lower
corners are drawn down by grippers K³ and the blank thus distended as before
when the distension is effected, the cams V10 allow the rods V to revolve outward
and move downward thus releasing the blank. The tucker S and the mechanism for
drawing out the diamond are in no wise affected by the use of the above-described
modification of the distending device and the general character and mode of operation
of the machine are the same as where my preferred distending device is used.
In Figures 67 and 68 I have shown a device for opening the blank as it passes
through the rolls K K' which enables me to dispense with the bent plate E³ and
takes its place with respect to the rest of the diamond forming mechanism. In
these drawings E is a clamping finger secured in a central cavity in roll K' so that
its outer edge will, in one position, lie against the centre of the roll face as shown
in Figure 67; this clamping finger is secured on a shaft Eb which is journaled in
roll K and has on its outer end and to one side of the roll an arm to one end of
which is secured a cam roller E" while to another end is secured a spring E which
acts to draw the end of finger E away from the surface of roll K. On a support E'
I secure a cam E of such form and so placed that the roller Ed will come in
contact with and move along it for a determined, distance its action being to move
the clamping finger forward so that it will grip the top of roll K'. This cam is
placed so as to cause the finger E to clamp the lip of an alvancing blank Z on
the surface of roll K₁ and to open its mouth as the roll moves forward as is shown in
Figure 68.
It will be at once seen that so far as the opening of the mouth of the blank is
concerned, the clamping finger acts in the same way as the curved plate E' and to
supplement the clamping finger in drawing out the lower end of the blank to a
diamond form, I secure a narrow guide plate E on a support E, said plate serving
the purpose of the prolonged end of E2 in its drawing out function.
As to the tucker S, it is of course important that it should inove so as to engage
the blank at a proper time and in the proper line. It is also important that it should
move downward or with the blank for a sufficient distance to definitely define the
fold, but the mechanism for guiding and operating this tucker which I have shown
in the drawings, is given simply as one way, and I believe a very good way of
imparting the required motions and could be varied and modified very greatly by
any mechanic of ordinary skill.
The side or wing folder plates U U are simple and convenient devices for holding
the diamond in shape as it passes to the pressing and pasting rolls N N. They
are not however essential as their place could be, to a certain extent at least, supplied
by stationary guides. It is of course evident that these folder plates could be
actuated from other points of the machine than the shaft 19, and that while, for
simplicity and compactness it is advantageous to have them move on axes parallel to
the plane of the diamond, they could have their axes on other lines if desired.
Passing next to those portions of the machine shown in Figures 41, 42 and 43,
and by which the bag is completed ready for use, N N are, as I have already stated,
rollers between which the diamond is compressed, and by which lines of paste are
applied to the diamond. W is the paste roll secured on shaft 21 so as to be within
the paste trough W³. The shaft 21 and paste box W³ are pivoted by supporting
arms W on the studs W and the roll W is held against the roll N1 by an elastic
pressure. W is a latch for holding the arms Win position. W7 W7 notches in the
latch arm W, and W8 a boss on the frame D³ with which the notches W' engage.
The roll W has grooves W cut in its face to hold paste, said grooves being of the
size and form of the lines of paste to be applied to the diamond of the blank. A
scraper W² serves to remove the paste from the plain surface of the rolls W leaving
the grooves W full to the brim. As the roll W revolves in contact with roll N
lines of paste are, as it may be said, printed on the face of roll N and are conveyed
by it to the diamond of the blank as it passes between the rolls N and N.
N2 are guides between which the compressed blank passes after leaving the
rolls N N N are supports for guides N2, and at N* I have indicated a groove in
B

page_text: the rollers N and N' which permits the top of the guides N2 to extend to, or nearly
to the point of contact of the rolls. 0 0¹ are feed rollers mounted on shafts 23
and 24. P P are creasing rolls mounted on shafts 25 and 26. P2P on roll P' are
creasing blades and P³ P³ on roll Pare grooves into which the blades Penter.
Ps. P³ on roll P¹ are springs. Qis a segmental roller mounted on shaft 29 and
having the peculiar form illustrated in Figures 41 and 43; that is, it is made up
of two segmental dises, the inner sides of which are distant from each other by less
han the breadth of the bag blank and are provided with recesses Q Q¹ near the
forward or advancing end of their segmental peripheries. The angular velocity
of Qis double that of the rolls P P¹. QQ are guide rolls, Q³ also serving as a
feed roll. QQ are guide plates. R R', R² and R³ are rollers around which the
apron R' moves; the roller R is mounted on the shaft 30 and communicates motion
to the apron. R³ R³ are tapes which pass around the roller R' and around pulleys
on the shaft 28. The inner edges of these tapes are closer together than the breadth
of the bag blank. X is a revolving arm mounted on the shaft 28 and having at
its end the forked arm X', and segmental presser plate X2. Y is a pipe having at
its end a perforation or nozzle so that a blast of air passing through the pipe will
escape as a jet in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figure 41.
The gearing by which the aforesaid operative parts of the machine are actuated
is easily followed in Figures 41 and 42. The gear-wheel 20× ongages the gear-
wheel 21 on shaft 21 so as to communicate to the roller W a rotation which will
give it the same velocity as that of the roller N with which it is in elastic contact.
Another wheel, 20, on shaft 20, engages an intermediate wheel 22 on shaft 22, said
intermediate wheel meshing with the wheel on shaft 23 of the same dimensions as
the wheel 24 shown in Figure 42 with which it engages so as to rotate the
shafts 23 and 24 with the same velocity, and through them, the feed and presser
wheels and 0. Intermediate wheel 22 also engages a wheel on the shaft 25 of
the same dimensions as the wheel 26" on the shaft 26 the wheels on shafts 26 and 25
being also engaged so as to rotate the two rollers P and P with the same speed;
said speed being such that the angular velocity of the shafts 25 and 26 will be half
that of the rolls N N¹. The gear-wheel 26 engages with the wheel 27 on the
stud 27, and this wheel engages the wheel 295 on shaft 29 so as to rotate the
seginental roller Q with a surface velocity double that of the rollers P P. The inter-
mediate wheel 27b also engages a wheel 28 on shaft 28 to rotate the arm ✗,-
the segmental presser plate X on which should move with about the same velocity,
as the apron R. A gear-wheel 29 on shaft 29 engages with a gear 30° on
shaft 30 to rotate the roller R which drives the belt R'.
Of course the above system of gearing can be modified and changed in any desired
way without in any way affecting the operation of the operative parts of the machine.
These parts of my machine operate upon the bag blank as follows: The blank, as
I have already explained, is compressed and has lines of paste applied to its diamond
while passing through the rolls N N'. After leaving these rolls,
passes between
the guides N' and between the rollers O O¹ which deliver it to the rolls P P. These
rollers have double the diameter of the rolls N N' so that two blanks pass between
them for each complete revolution; the creasing blades P2 and grooves P³ being placed so
that they will crease the diamond on the lines of the two final folds 2 and . The
springs P serve to push the blank in the direction of the axis of the roll P as it
passes from between the rolls P P¹ so that it will be presented to the segmental
roller Qin the proper direction as indicated in Figure 41. It will be at once seen
that the segmental roll Q cannot engage the points of the diamond which is delivered
to it with the forward end of the diamond slightly in advance of the advancing edge
of its periphery. The position of the roll Q is such that the angular slots Q will
come about to the position shown in Figure 41 at the time when the air blast from
pipe Y strikes the back point of the diamond, the blast. blowing down this point
of the diamond as shown in Figure 41 so that its outer edges rest against the front
edge of the angular slot. As the roller Q has a surface speed twice as great as the
motion of the blank at this point, the back edge of the slot soon comes in contact

page_text: with the edges of the creased back and of the diamond and pushes it forward and
downward upon the centre of the diamond so that hy the time the blank is released
from the rolls P P', the back fold is complete!; being held in position between the
guide roller Q2 and plate Q, and the plain surface of the discs composing the roller Q.
At this point the blank is gripped between the plain surfaces of the discs and the
roller Qand is fed forward with accelerated speed; the slots Q1 in the roller Q being
so placed that they will be over the roller Q3 at the same time that the line of
the blank lies on said roller. In this way I avoid any pressure on the crease 2* 2* as
at no other point save on roller Q3 is there any clamping action between the segmental
roller and the guide plates or rollers between which and the roll the blanks pass.
The rotating arm X is so placed that the segment X which is a little longer than the
portion of the diamond folded down at the back, shall press the blank against the
roller R a little in front of the back fold and remain in rolling contact with said
roller R while the said back fold is passing over it. In this way this fold of the
diamond is pressed out upon the centre and securely pasted to it. The forked
arms in front of the segment X² prevent the fold from flying up at the time when
it is released by the roller and before the segment X comes in contact with it. It
also serves to push the front end of the diamond down in the direction of the
apron R so that it will strike the tapes R³ at a proper angle. The front end or flap
of the diamond will extend between the tapes 'R' for nearly its whole length, the
tapes coming in contact only with its broadest portion. In this way the front end of
the blank is drawn down between the tapes R with the edge indicated by the
letter foremost, and the roller R' presses the front fold of the diamond down upon
its centre and upon the already folded back end and compresses it against the
apron R thus completing the bag, which, after passing under the roller R', is usually
delivered to a drying cylinder which holds its bottom together until the paste is
sufficiently dry to prevent any danger of its coming apart at the seams.
The above described apparatus for making the two final folds which complete the
bottoin of the bag possesses certain novel and valuable features and is well adapteil
for use in connection with the mechanism for forming the diamond which I have
above described. It is also well adapted for making the final folds on bag blanks,
the diamond of which has been formed by other mechanism, and of course any good
mechanism for making these final folds might be used in connection with my novel
devices for forming the diamond; I therefore wish it to be clearly understood that
while my mechanism for forming the diamond and my mechanism for forming the
final folds are well adapted to be used together, I do not in any way intend to limit
those claims which relate to the one mechanisin upon the use with them of the other
mechanism.
The leading features of my invention will, from the above description, be easily
distinguished generally speaking, they may be grouped as follows, first, the
combination with continuously revolving feed rolls and a device for partially opening
the mouths of the blanks of a distending device arranged to open the advancing
tube in the plane of the bag bottom; second, the combination with the distending
device of the reciprocating. tucker by which the folds lying above the bag bottom are
defined during and subsequent to the distension of the tube; third, the combination
of a narrow support for the upper side of the distended blank with a narrow guide
for the lower side, said support and guide being arranged as specified so as to co-act
in spreading out the distended end of the blank into a diamond form; fourth, the
combination with the aforesaid spreading device of folder plates to hold the diamond
in shape as it passes to the presser rolls; lastly, the various combinations of the
above elements of my invention with each other and the special and preferred
arrangement and construction of my preferred mechanism are important features of
my improvement and will form the subject matter for most of the claims; but I wish
it to be clearly understood that except where the special mechanical connections shown
in the drawings are specifically referred to in the claims, I do not intend my invention
to be understood as limited upon their use.
It will I think be clear from what has been said above, and indeed from their

page_text: own characteristics, that the various leading features of my invention are not
essentially interdependent; by which I mean for instance that my device consisting of
a narrow support to sustain one side of the open tube and a narrow feed roll to draw
down the opposite side and retract the first-mentioned side from said support, while
for their efficient action they depend upon having the tube properly opened, do not
require that it should be opened by the specific device for distending the tube
which forms another leading feature of my invention; such distension might be
brought about by very different mechanical devices, or even by the hand of the
operator.
In the mechanism described for forming the two final folds which complete the
manufacture of the bag, the principal novelties lie in the use of the segmental
rollers having the peculiar form and motion with respect to the creasing rolls
described, and the revolving arm X with its segments X2 arranged to operate in
connection with the rollers R R', the apron R, and the tapes R' as described.
In the following claims I have, in referring to the unfolded sides of the blank,
distinguished them by the names upper and lower, but I do not wish to be under-
stood as referring to their position with respect to the ground for of course the
machine would work as well were all of its operative parts reversed in relative position
to the ground. By upper side it will therefore be understood that I mean the side
directly acted on by the distending fingers, and by lower side the side opposite to suid
so-called upper side.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First In a bag machine, the device for distending a bellows-folded blank in the
plane of the bag bottom to be formed on it which consists of feed rolls for feeding
the blanks forward, in combination with a device for opening the advancing end of
the blanks as they pass through the rolls, distending fingers V V or equivalent
mechanism as specified for engaging the corners of the upper side of the blank and
gripping fingers K* K³ or equivalent mechanism as specified for engaging the
corresponding corners of the lower side of the blank, said fingers and grippers or
their equivalents being arranged and actuated to co-act in distending the bellows-
sided tube as it advances through the feed rolls, substantially as shown and
described.
Second: In a bag machine, the device for distending a bellows-sided blank in the
plane of the bag bottom and for defining the folds laying above said bottom which
consists of feed rolls for feeding the blanks forward, in combination with a device for
opening the advancing ends of the blanks, a device for distending the advancing
blanks consisting of the fingers V V and grippers K³ K³ or their equivalents as
specified; and a tucker having actuating mechanism whereby it is caused to strike
and bend the upper side of the advancing blank on or about the line 2 and to follow
the motion of the blank while it is distending and until the fold at ² is fully defined,
substantially as shown and described.
Third: In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding the blanks
forward, a distending device consisting of fingers V V, and grippers K³ K³ or
equivalent devices as specified for distending a bellows-folded tube as it advances
through the feed rolls, and a tucker for defining the folds lying above the distended
part of the tube; of a narrow support placed so as to lie under the centre of the
upper side of the blank as it advances from the feed rolls during the distention of
its end, said support serving to draw out the upper end of the diamond as the upper
side of the blank is withdrawn from it after distention, substantially as shown and
described.
Fourth In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding the blanks
forward, a distending device consisting of fingers V V and grippers K³ K³ or
equivalent devices as specified for distending a bellows-folded tube as it advances
through the feed rolls, and a tucker for defining the folds lying above the distended

page_text: part of the tube; of a narrow support placed so as to lie under the centre of the
upper side of the blank as it advances from the feed rolls during the distention of its
end, said support serving to draw out the upper end of the diamond as the upper side
of the blank is withdrawn from it after distention, and a narrow guide situated between
the feed rolls aforesaid and the rolls which deliver the diamond-folded blank to the
mechanism for completing the bag, said guide being arranged to lie within the lower
side of the blank and serve to pull out the front point of the diamond, substantially
as shown and described.
Fifth In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding the blanks
forward, a distending device consisting of fingers V V grippers K³ K³ or equivalent
devices as specified for distending a bellows-folded tube as it advances through the
feed rolls, and a tucker for defining the folds lying above the distended part of the
tube of a narrow support placed so as to lie under the centre of the upper side of
the blank as it advances from the feed rolls during the distention of its end, said
support serving to draw out the upper and of the diamond as the upper side of the
blank is withdrawn from it after distention; a narrow guide situated between the
feed rolls aforesaid and the rolls which deliver the diamond-folded blank to
the mechanism for completing the bag, said guide being arranged to lie within the
lower side of the blank and serve to pull out the front point of the diamond; and
folder plates arranged to close down on the diamond and hold it to form after it is
drawn out as aforesaid and while the diamond-folded end of the blank is passing to
the mechanism which completes the bag, substantially as shown and described.
Sixth In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding the bag
blanks forward, and a device for opening the advancing end of the blank as it
leaves the rolls, of distending fingers having actuating mechanism whereby they
are made to extend forward to receive the upper side of the partially opened blank,
to move apart so as to engage the corners of said upper side at a selected point and
to move together to permit the retraction of side above them; and grippers K³ K³
or equivalent mechanism as described to engage the edges of the lower side of the
blank and co-act with the distending fingers to open the tube in the plane of the bag
bottom, substantially as shown and described.
Seventh In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding the bag
blanks forward, and a device for opening the advancing end of the blank as it leaves
the rolls, of distending fingers having actuating mechanism whereby they are made
to extend forward to receive the upper side of the partially opened blank, to move
apart so as to engage the corners of said upper side at a selected point and to move
together to permit the retraction of, side above them; grippers K³ K3 or equivalent
mechanism as described to engage the edges of the lower side of the blank and co-act
with the distending fingers to open the tube in the plane of the bag bottom; and a
reciprocating tucker having operative mechanism whereby it is caused to strike and
bend the advancing blank between the feed rolls and the distending fingers and at the
line where the fold is to be formed in the bag to remain in contact with the
blank and move down with it until the fold is fully defined and then move up to
permit the advance of another blank, substantially as shown and described.
Eighth In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding the bag
blanks forward, and a device for opening the advancing end of the blank as it leaves
the rolls, of distending fingers having actuating mechanism whereby they are made
to extend forward to receive the upper side of the partially opened blank, to move
apart so as to engage the corners of said upper side at a selected point and to move
together to permit the retraction of, side above them; grippers K³ K³ or equivalent
mechanism as described to engage the edges of the lower side of the blank and
co-act with the distending fingers to open the tube in the plane of the bag bottom; a
narrow support placed so as to lie centrally under the upper side of the blank as it
advances from the feed rolls and is distended, a narrow guide placed so as to lie
centrally within the under side of the blank as it passes to the presser rolls which
complete the diamond, said support and guide co-acting to spread out the distended

page_text: end of the blank to a diamond form; and a reciprocating tucker having operative
mechanism whereby it is caused to strike and bend the advancing blink between the
feed rolls and the distending fingers and at the line where the fold 22 is to be formed
in the bag, to remain in contact with the blank and move down with it until the
folis fully defined and then move up to permit the advance of another blank,
substantially as shown and described.
:
Ninth In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding the bag
blanks forward and a device for opening the advancing end of the blank as it leaves
the rolls, of distending fingers having actuating mechanism whereby they are made to
extend forward, to receive the upper side of the partially opened blank, to move apart
so as to engage the corners of said upper side at a selected point and to move together
to permit the retraction of, side above them; grippers K³ K³ or equivalent mechanism
as described to engage the edges of the lower side of the blank and co-act with the
distending fingers to open the tube in the plane of the bag bottom; a narrow support
placed so as to lie centrally under the upper side of the blank as it advances from
the feed rolls and is distended, a narrow guide placed so as to lie centrally within the
under side of the blank as it passes to the presser rolls which complete the diamond,
said support and guide co-acting to spread out the distended end of the blank to a
diamond form; a reciprocating tucker having operative mechanism whereby it is
caused to strike and bend the advancing blank between the feed rolls and the
distending fingers and at the line where the fold is to be formed in the bag, to
remain in contact with the blank and move down with it until the fold 22 is fully
defined and then move up to permit the advance of another blank; and side folders
actuated so as to close down and compress the diamond after it is formed as aforesaid
and while the diamond-folded end is passing to the presser rolls which finally crease
it to form and then open out to permit the distention and spreading out of another
blank, substantially as shown and described.
Tenth In a bag machine, the device for distending the blank in the plane of the
bag bottom consisting of the feed roll K¹ having a co-acting roll in combination with
a device for opening the mouth of the advancing bag blank as it passes through said
rolls grippers K³ K³ pivoted on roll K' and having actuating mechanism whereby
they move inward to engage the corners of the lower side of the blank at selected
points remain in contact with the blank for a definite part of the rotation of the roll
and then move outward and release the blank, and reciprocating distending fingers V V
having actuating mechanism whereby they are made to extend forward to permit the
upper side of the blank to pass over them, to spread out so as to engage the corners
of the said upper side at points corresponding to those on the side engaged by the
grippers and to close together again to permit the retraction of said upper side, said
distending fingers and grippers being arranged to co-act in distending the blank,
substantially as shown and described.
Eleventh In a bag machine, the device for opening the end of a bellows-folded
tube into the diamond form consisting of the feed roll K' having a co-acting roll in
combination with a device for opening the mouth of the advancing bag blank as it
passes through said rolls, grippers K³ K³ pivoted on roll K' and having actuating
mechanism whereby they move inward to engage the corners of the lower side of
the blank at selected points, remain in contact with the blank for a definite part of the
rotation of the roll and then move outward and release the blank; reciprocating
distending fingers V V having actuating mechanism whereby they are made to extend
forward to permit the upper side of the blank to pass over them, to spread out so as
to engage the corners of the said upper side at points corresponding to those on the
lower side engaged by the grippers and to close together again to permit the
retraction of said upper side, said distending fingers and grippers being arranged to
co-act in distending the blank; a narrow guide placed so as to lie centrally within the
lower side of the bag blank as it is withdrawn from the distending fingers and a
tucker S having actuating mechanism whereby it is made to strike the blank as it
passes from between the feed rolls on the line where the fold is to be formed, to

page_text: move down between the fingers V V and the roll F¹ until the fold is fully defined
and the upper side of the distended blank withdrawn from the said distending fingers
and then retracted, all substantially as shown and described.
Twelfth In a bag machine, the combination with feed rolls for feeding bellows-
folded blanks forward, of a curved former-plate E2 whereby the advancing end of the
blank is opened as it leaves the rolls, mechanism for distending the blanks on the
plane of the bag bottom to be formed, and for defining the folds lying above said
bottom consisting of the fingers V V and grippers F3F3 or their equivalents as
described, and a tucker S, all substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Thirteenth In a big machine, the combination with the feed rolls for feeding the
blanks forward; a device for distending bellows-folded blanks consisting of the
fingers VV and grippers F3 F3 or equivalent mechanisin as specified, and a tucker S
arranged to co-act with said distending device as described, of the narrow drawing
rollers L L and a narrow guide placed to lie within the lower side of the blank
and co-act with the roll L' in drawing the distended end of the blank to the diamond
form.
Fourteenth In a bag machine, the combination with the feed rolls for feeding the
blanks forward; a device for distending bellows-folded blanks consisting of the
fingers VV and grippers F3 F3 or equivalent mechanism as specified, and a tucker S
arranged to co-act with said distending device as described of the narrow drawing
rollers L L, and the drawing rolls M. M', said roll M' being narrow and arranged to
rest centrally within the lower blank side so as to co-act with roller L in drawing out
the distended end of the blank to the diamond form.
Fitteenth In a bag machine, the combination with the feed rolls for feeding the
blanks forward, a device for distending bellows-folded blanks consisting of the
fingers VV and grippers F3 F3 or equivalent mechanism as specified and a tucker S.
arranged to co-act with said distending device as described, of a narrow support
placed so as to lie centrally under the upper side of the blank as it advances and is
distended and the drawing rolls M M₁, said roll M' being narrow and placed so as to
lie centrally within the under side of the blank so as to co-act with the narrow
support aforesaid in drawing out the distended end of the blank into the diamond
form.
Sixteenth: In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination with the
supporting roll L' with the reciprocating distending fingers V V so that the ends of
said fingers in their forward position lie beneath the rim of said roll.
:
Seventeenth In a bag machine substantially as specified, the-combination of the
loosely-journaled roll L' having a spring supported sustaining arm L and adjustable
stop L with the drawing roll L having a portion of its surface cut away so as to
loosen the grip of said rolls on the blank, and permit its withdrawal from between
said rolls.
:
Eighteenth In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination of the
feed rolls K K'; the curved former E, the rolls L L to engage the upper side of
the blank and the guide plate E³ for directing said upper side between said rolls.
Nineteenth In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination with a
rocker shaft V distending fingers V V journaled in said rocker shaft, and actuating
cams whereby the shaft is oscillated and the fingers rotated back and forward in their
bearings so as to give their points a double reciprocating motion.
Twentieth In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination of the
feed roll K, the fingers K³ K' secured at the outer edges of said roll, and the
cams K2 K2 whereby said fingers are made to move inward and engage the blank at
a certain point, to remain in their inward position for a determined period in the
rotation of roll R' and then allowed to move out to release the blank.
Twenty-first: In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination of the
tucker S with a reciprocating lever connected with said tucker, cam mechanism for
actuating said lever to regulate the up and down stroke of the tucker, guides T within
which said tucker reciprocates; a rock shaft T' attached to said guides and cain

page_text: mechanism for actuating said rock shaft so as to guide the edge of the tucker during
its downward and upward motion.
Twenty-second: In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination with
the feed roll K, of the tucker S; a reciprocating lever connected with said tucker;
cam mechanism for actuating said lever to regulate the up and down stroke of the
tucker, guides T within which said tucker reciprocates; a rock shaft T¹ attached to
said guides and cam mechanism for actuating said rock shaft so as to guide
the edge of the tucker during its downward stroke in a path close to the face of
roll K
:
presser rolls N N¹.
Twenty-third In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination with
the roll M and plate M2 or equivalent backing; the folder plates U U having actuating
cams whereby they are caused to compress and hold the diamond after it is brought
to shape and while
passes from the forming mechanism to the presser rolls, and the
Twenty-fourth In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination of
the tucker S, mechanism for actuating said tucker as specified, the roll M and plate M³
comprising a backing or support for the blank or equivalent backing; the folder
plates U U having actuating cams whereby they are caused to fold down against
the tucker and backing to compress and hold the diamond to form and the presser
rolls N N¹.
Twenty-fifth: In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination with
the drawing rolls M M³, said roll M' being narrow to aid in drawing out the diamond
as specified, the presser rolls N N1, and the folder plates U U arranged to fold down
against roll M on each side of roll M and having actuating cams whereby said plates
are folded down on the diamond and remain in contact with it while it passes to the
rolls N N aforesaid.
:
Twenty-sixth In a bag machine substantially as specified, the combination with
the folder plates U U for holding the diamond in shape after it is formed and as it
passes to the presser rolls; the presser rolls N N₁ and the paste roll W held in contact
with the roll N and grooved to contain lines of paste substantially as specified,
whereby the diamond is, while being compressed, furnished with paste to complete the
closing of the bag bottom.
Twenty-seventh: In mechanism for forming the final folds on a diamond-folded
bag blank, the combination of creasing rolls for creasing the diamond on the lines of
its final folds; the segmental double roll rotating with greater speed than said
creaser rolls and having recesses Q³ to engage the edges of the back flap; and guides
to hold the blank in contact with said segmental roll.
Twenty-eighth In mechanism for formning the final folds on a diamond-folded
bag blank, the combination of creasing rolls for creasing the diamond on the lines of
its final folds; the segmental double roll Q rotating with greater speed than said
creaser rolls, having recesses Q to engage the edges of the back flap; guides to hold
the blank in contact with said segmental roll, and a presser roll Q so placed that
the blank will be gripped between it and roll Q after it is released by the
creasing rolls.
Twenty-ninth: In mechanism for forming the final folds on a diamond-folded bag
blank, the combination of creasing rolls for creasing the diamond on the lines of its
final folds; the segmental double roll Qrotating with greater speed than said creaser
rolls having recesses Q to engage the edges of the back flap, and recesses Q', guides
to hold the blank to the face of roll Q, and a presser roll Q³ to co-act in feeding the
blank forward when it is released by the creasing rolls, all substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
Thirtieth In mechanism for forming the final folds on a diamond-folded bag
blank, the combination with the double seguental roller Q, the roll R, and the rotating
arm X having the segmental presser plate X² for pressing the back flap down upon
the bottom of the blank.
Thirty-first In mechanism for forming the final folds on a diamond-folded bag

page_text: blank, the combination with the double segmental roller Q, the roll R, the rotating
arm X having the segmental presser-plate X2 for pressing the back flap down upon
the bottom of the blank, the apron R³, the roll R¹, and the tapes R' co-acting to press
down the front flap and complete the bag.
Thirty-second: In mechanism for forming the final folds on a diamond-folded bag
blank, the combination with the double segmental roller Q, the roll R the rotating
arm X having the segmental presser-plate X for pressing the back flap down upon
the bottom of the blank, and the fork X'; the apron R, and the tapes R³, co-acting to
press down the front flap and complete the bag.
Dated this 30th day of July 1889
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.