IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of 76 St. Domingo Vale, Everton, Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, Salesman, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention, for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS," to be as follows:-
This invention relates, to the class of filters, wherein fine charcoal, or other
filtering medium, is deposited on Asbestos cloth, or other woven, or felted fabric,
and the object is, to so construct such filters, that the layer or deposit of filtering
medium, shall not be liable to displacemont, as heretofore, and also to preserve the
water, after filtration, from after contamination, through continued contact, with
the filtering medium, and also when the filter is in communication with the water
servico pipes, that a supply of water, may when required, be drawn through tho
filter, without filtration, that is to say, without passing through the filtering
medium.
For purpose aforesaid, I employ two or more concentric cylinders, within a
containing vessel, the cylinders are closed at each end, and by pipes communicate
with the air, and with the reservoir, for filtered water, the latter being formed, in
some cases, by the innermost cylinder, say for example, where three cylinders are
used, the outer one, will be perforated, and the annular space between it, and
cylinder No 2, will be filled with grauular charcoal, No 2 cylinder will bo perforated,
and by preference, but not necessary, clothed in Asbestos cloth, which cloth will be
covered, when charcoal is used, by a layer of fine charcoal, applied by brush or
otherwise, the inner tube will be perforated, at its lower end only.
The cylinders being in position, within the containing vessel, the water will pass
through the perforations of the outer cylinder, through the granular charcoal, to,
and through the fine layer on the Asbestos covering, of the cylinder No 2, through
the latter, to the perforation of the innermost cylinder, within which it rises, the
interior tube, forming the reservoir, for filtered water, or when desirable to use
water unfiltered, the water passes from the feed pipo, direct through this innermost
cylinder.
The employment of a surrounding column of granular charcoal, protects the finer
layer, or the deposit on the inner tube, from displacement, and also provides an
efficient filtration, with comparatively small quantity of filtering medium.

page_text: The innermost tube, or reservoir, may also serve as an ice chamber, and I would
observo, that instead of the cylinders being perforated, and their ends closed, the
cylinders may be plain, and their ends perforated.
The improved apparatus herein described, is not necessarily to be of cylindrical
form, but I prefer the latter, because affording greatest facilities of manufacture, and
is specially adapted for filtering water, at the termination of any main servico pipes,
on being attached to one face of the ordinary plate or disc, thero being a tap on
the opposite face, so that when the apparatus is inserted within the main, and
the plate or disc is bolted to the end flango of the service pipe, filtered water is
available, and to cleanse the filter all that is necessary, is, to roverse its ends, then
the passage of water through it, flows in an opposite direction.

page_text: I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of 76 St. Domingo Vale, Everton, Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, Salesman, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS" and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the class of filters wherein fine charcoal or other
filtering medium is deposited on Asbestos cloth or other woven or felted fabric
and the object is to so construct such filters that the layer or deposit of filtering
medium shall not be liable to displacement as heretofore and also to preserve the
water after filtration from after contamination through continued contact with
the filtering medium and also when the filter is in communication with the water
service pipes that a supply of water may when required be drawn through the
filter without filtration that is to say without passing through the filtering
medium.
Such being the nature and object of my said invention, the following is a
complete description of same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing
forming a part of this specification in which :-
Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of two forms of my improved filter.
In Fig. 1, I employ two or more concentric cylinders 1. 2. within a containing
vessel 3, the cylinders 1. 2. are closed at each end and by pipes 4 communicate with
the air and with the reservoir 5 for filtered water, the reservoir being in this
case formed by the interior of the innermost cylinder-The outer cylinder 2 is
perforated, and the annular space 4° between the cylinders 1. 2 is filled with
granular charcoal the interior cylinder 1 is also perforated and by preference but
not necessary clothed in Asbestos cloth which cloth will be covered with a fine
layer of charcoal applied by brush or otherwise the water will pass through the
perforations of the cylinder 2 through the granular charcoal in the space 4° and
through the Asbestos covering of the cylinder 1 and the perforations thereof to the
interior space 5 for filtered water, within which it rises, this space may also be
employed for containing an ice box 6 supported on the bracket 7-8 is the pipe
for drawing off filtered water, 9. 10. 11 and 12 are lids or coverings for the several
cylinders and ice box referred to-In Figure 2 the supply of water is first to the
interior cylinder 1, through the medium 4 through the perforations of the cylinder 2
to the reservoir 5 for filtered water which is drawn off at the tap 7-When desirablo
unfiltered water may be allowed to pass direct from the feed pipe 8 through the
cylinder 1 and out by way of the pipe 9 this being for the purpose of affording a
continuous supply of unfiltered water when required without disturbing any part
of the cylinders 1. 2. 3.
The improved apparatus herein described is not necessarily to be of cylindrical
form but I prefer the latter because affording greatest facilities of manufacture.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination of an Ice box 6, supported on brackets 7 in combination
with a filter such as illustrated and shown by Fig. 1 of the annexed Drawings.
2. The interior Cylinder 1 in combination with a Filter such as illustrated by
Fig. 2 of the annexed Drawings.

page_text: I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of 76 St. Domingo Vale, Everton, Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, Salesman, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention, for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS," to be as follows:-
This invention relates, to the class of filters, wherein fine charcoal, or other
filtering medium, is deposited on Asbestos cloth, or other woven, or felted fabric,
and the object is, to so construct such filters, that the layer or deposit of filtering
medium, shall not be liable to displacement, as heretofore, and also to preserve the
water, after filtration, from after contamination, through continued contact, with
the filtering medium, and also when the filter is in communication with the water
servico pipes, that a supply of water, may when required, be drawn through the
filter, without filtration, that is to say, without passing through the filtering
medium.
For purpose aforesaid, I employ two or more concentric cylinders, within a
containing vessel, the cylinders are closed at each end, and by pipes communicate
with the air, and with the reservoir, for filtered water, the latter being formed, in
Bome cases, by the innermost cylinder, say for example, where three cylinders are
used, the outer one, will be perforated; and the annular space between it, and
cylinder N° 2, will be filled with granular charcoal, No 2 cylinder will be perforated,
and by preference, but not necessary, clothed in Asbestos cloth, which cloth will be
covered, when charcoal is used, by a layer of fine charcoal, applied by brush or
otherwise, the inner tube will be perforated, at its lower end only.
The cylinders being in position, within the containing vessel, the water will pass
through the perforations of the outer cylinder, through the granular charcoal, to,
and through the fine layer on the Asbestos covering, of the cylinder N° 2, through
the latter, to the perforation of the innermost cylinder, within which it rises, the
interior tube, forming the reservoir, for filtered water, or when desirable to use
water unfiltered, the water passes from the feed pipe, direct through this innermost
cylinder.
The employment of a surrounding column of granular charcoal, protects the finer
Layer, or the deposit on the inner tube, from displacement, and also provides an
efficient filtration, with comparatively small quantity of filtering medium.

page_text: The innermost tube, or reservoir, may also serve as an ice chamber, and I would
observe, that instead of the cylinders being perforated, and their ends closed, the
cylinders may be plain, and their ends perforated.
The improved apparatus herein described, is not necessarily to be of cylindrical
form, but. I prefer the latter, because affording greatest facilities of manufacture, and
is specially adapted for filtering water, at the termination of any main service pipes,
on being attached to one face of the ordinary plate or disc, there being a tap on
the opposite face, so that when the apparatus is inserted within the main, and
the plate or disc is bolted to the end flange of the service pipe, filtered water is
available, and to cleanse the filter all that is necessary, is, to reverse its ends, then
the passage of water through it, flows in an opposite direction.
Dated this 17th day of October 1884
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Crossley Street, Halifax,
Agent for the Applicant. 15

page_text: AWAMI
I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of 76 St. Domingo Vale, Everton, Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, Salesman, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS" and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the class of filters wherein fine charcoal or other
filtering medium is deposited on Asbestos cloth or other woven or felted fabric
and the object is to so construct such filters that the layer or deposit of filtering
medium shall not be liable to displacement as heretofore and also to preserve tho
water after filtration from after contamination through continued contact with
tho filtering medium and also when the filter is in communication with the water
service pipes that a supply of water may when required be drawn through the
filter without filtration that is to say without passing through the filtering
medium.
Such being the nature and object of my said invention, the following is a
complete description of same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing
forming a part of this specification in which :-
Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of two forms of my improved filter.
In Fig. 1, I employ two or more concentric cylinders 1. 2. within a containing
vessel 3, the cylinders 1. 2. are closed at each end and by pipes 4 communicate with
the air and with the reservoir 5 for filtered water, the reservoir being in this
caso formed by the interior of the innermost cylinder-The outer cylinder 2 is
perforated, and the annular space 4* between the cylinders 1. 2 is filled with
granular charcoal the interior cylinder ] is also perforated and by preference but
not necessary clothed in Asbestos cloth which cloth will be covered with a fine
layer of charcoal applied by brush or otherwise the water will pass through the
perforations of the cylinder 2 through the granular charcoal in the space 4º and
through the Asbestos covering of the cylinder 1 and the perforations thereof to the
interior space 5 for filtered water, within which it rises, this space may also bo
employed for containing an ice box 6 supported on the bracket 7-8 is the pipe
for drawing off filtered water, 9. 10. 11 and 12 are lids or coverings for the several
cylinders and ice box referred to-In Figure 2 the supply of water is first to tho
interior cylinder 1, through the medium 4 through the perforations of the cylinder 2
to the reservoir 5 for filtered water which is drawn off at the tap 7-When desirable
unfiltered water may be allowed to pass direct from the feed pipe 8 through the
cylinder 1 and out by way of the pipe 9 this being for the purpose of affording a
continuous supply of unfiltered water when required without disturbing any part
of the cylinders 1. 2. 3.
The improved apparatus herein described is not necessarily to be of cylindrical
form but I prefer the latter because affording greatest facilities of manufacture,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The improved filter hercin described consisting of a series of perforated cylinders
or casings within a containing vessel, constructed, arranged, and operating in 5
manner herein described and as fully illustrated by the drawings annexed.