matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW SYSTEM FOR CLEANSING DOCKS, BASINS, HARBOURS, RIVERS, AND SUCH LIKE FROM DEPOSITS OF SAND, MUD, AND OTHER MATTERS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Raoul Faucheux d'Humy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 10th November 1871.
I, PAUL RAOUL FAUCHEUX D'HUMY, of No. 33, Poultry, in the City
of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW SYSTEM FOR CLEANSING DOCKS, BASINS, HARBOURS, RIVERS, AND SUCH LIKE
FROM DEPOSITS OF SAND, MUD, AND OTHER MATTERS," to be as follows :—
According to this Invention a system of pipes is employed for causing
water to rise up through or be projected against any deposit of sand, mud,
or other matter that may have accumulated at the bottom of a dock,
basin, harbour, canal, river, or such like.
In the case of tidal harbours and such like which are dry at low tide,
I employ tubes, pipes, or troughs or pipes slit longitudinally either at
intervals or throughout their length. These pipes, troughs, or split
tubes may be of any desired form, and may be placed either vertically,
horizontally, or obliquely, and may also be in the form of syphons, and
may rest in or upon the bottom of the dock, basin, or harbour from
which deposit is to be removed. They may either be jointed or without

page_text: joints, and may be of any desired size. A main tube or water supply
pipe is carried around the dock, basin, or harbour, and at intervals other
tubes branch out from it, and the admission of water to these branch
tubes from the main tube is controlled by valves or cocks, so that they
can either be used separately or conjointly. Water is supplied to the
main tube or water supply pipe from a basin in rear of or alongside the
dock or harbour to be cleaned, and which basin is filled with water either
at high tide or otherwise, or in the case of a river, stream, or canal it is
taken from any head of water either natural or artificial. By employing
a system of pipes or passages as above described, the whole or any part of
a dock, basin, harbour, river, or such like can be quickly cleaned.
In place of a system of pipes resting in or upon the bottom of the
harbour, basin, or such like, a main tube or water supply passage forming
part of a syphon may be led along one or more sides of a quay or port,
and caused to draw water from a supply basin in rear of or from other
supply of water. The descending legs at each end of the syphon are
caused to dip into pits or boxes in order that the syphon shall at all times
remain full of water even though no water may be running through it.
The main tube of the syphon has numerous branch pipes projecting
from it, each fitted with a cock, and each adapted to have a flexible hose
affixed to it. The flexible hose at their ends are furnished with nozzles
of various kinds, each adapted to the work it is desired to perform.
Some of the nozzles are for projecting a single circular stream, suitable
for ploughing or cutting into the deposit; others for projecting numerous
small streams, or thin broad streams for the purpose of dividing and
carrying off the deposit.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF ORNAMENTING FABRICS OR SURFACES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Adriaan Weardus
Schuurman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 7th December 1871.
I, DAVID ADRIAAN WEARDUS SCHUURMAN, of Laeken, near Brussels,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF ORNAMENTING FABRICS OR
SURFACES," to be as follows :—
The object of my Invention is to produce on fabrics or other surfaces
imitations of lace, tulle, guipure lace, paper perforated patterns,
embroidery, fringes, or other ornaments for the purpose of ornamenting
or decorating such surfaces.
Supposing it be required to produce an imitation of a lace fabric
on the surface of a silk, cotton, or other fabric, or on paper, leather,
or other surfaces for wall decorations or for ornamenting furniture,
I first prepare a very smooth surface, say a sheet of glass or polished
stone with a thin and uniform layer of printer's ink, and I place thereon
the piece of lace or other pattern it is desired to reproduce, and lightly
The surface
and evenly press down the piece of lace on to the ink.

page_text: thus prepared is then covered with a sheet or frisket of paper, leather,
or other suitable substance, and then passed through a lithographic
press.
1
The piece of lace will thus be impregnated with the ink or colour
employed, and when carefully removed from the surface is to be
transferred to a lithographic stone or plate on to which the pattern
will be imparted by pressure. When the surface of the stone or plate
has been prepared in the usual manner, impressions in ink or colour may
be taken therefrom on to the surface of any suitable fabric in the same
way as in ordinary lithographic printing.
Patterns may thus be printed in any colours on various fabrics for
widely different purposes, such as silks, satins, and cottons, fabrics, for
dresses or articles of clothing, on paper for bank notes, cheques, and
other similar articles, or for paper hangings for walls, on leather, woollen
and cotton fabrics, for articles of furniture, curtains or bed hangings,
and various other purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERS FOR DISHES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas West at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
February 1871.
I, THOMAS WEST, of Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, Silversmith,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN COVERS FOR DISHES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
covers to be applied to dishes and other like receptacles whereby access
is afforded to the contents of the dish without removing the cover.
According to this Invention the improved cover is composed of any
convenient number of metal segments of a hemispherical, semi-oval, or
other suitable shape according to the design required and the shape of
the dish to which the cover is to be applied. These segments fit one
inside another and are each made to turn freely on pivots or centres at
each end common to the series, the said pivots or centres being carried
in suitable lugs attached to a rim or frame. The rear edge of each
segment is turned up slightly or lipped, and the opposite edge is turned
or lipped downwards or inwards so that the several segments will move

page_text: freely one within another, one segment drawing the other after it when
the cover is being closed. The pivots may have ornamental heads
formed thereon, and if desired an ornamental knob or projection may
be formed upon the inner one of the scries of segments in order to
facilitate the opening and closing of the cover.
AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR THE COVERS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Daniel Sutherland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd March 1871.
I, FREDERICK DANIEL SUTHERLAND, of King William Street, in the
City of London, Bag Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR THE COVERS OF
UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved fastening for encircling and
holding together the cover of an umbrella or parasol when the same
is closed and rolled up.
The mode heretoforc commonly employed for effecting the above
object is to attach a button to one cud of a piece of elastic material,
this said end being sewn to the cover of the umbrella or parasol, and
to the other and loose end of the said piece of clastic material to sew a
ring which when passed over the aforesaid button holds the cover closely
together.
Now the object and intention of this Invention is to so make
a fastening that it shall present a more ornamental and finished

page_text: appearance than the ordinary fastening above mentioned, and be equally
simple.and effective in its action by constructing the fastening in the
following improved manner, that is to say:-To one end of a piece of
clastic material I fix a stud, the shank part whereof is passed through
the clastic and clenched thereto, and to tho, opposite end of the said
piece of clastic I connect a small oval dished-shaped piece of metal
made with an internal flange at the back thereof and opposite to the
part to which the elastic is fixed. The said flange has a notch formed
on its inner edge for the purpose of embracing the aforesaid stud by its
shank when, the clastic is passed round the cover of the umbrella or
parasol when rolled up, the stud end of the clastic being sewn to the
cover as before stated, so that when the aforesaid dished-shape piece is
passed over the stud the head of the stud is held by the flange before
mentioned, and is thus concealed from view, the fastening thus
presenting an elegant appearance, and by attaching a tassel thereto
by which to pull or stretch the elastic the fastening may be readily
detached when required.
•
IMPROVED SPRING METAL BOX FOR HOLDING MATCHES, FUSEES, STEEL PENS, AND OTHER SIMILAR SMALL ARTICLES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rollason and Nehemiah
Brough at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 25th September 1871.
We, WILLIAM ROLLASON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Tin Plate Worker, and NEHEMIAH BROUGH, of the same Place, Tool
AN
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "
IMPROVED SPRING METAL BOX FOR HOLDING MATCHES, FUSEES, STEEL PENS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR SMALL ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct a cheap metal box for the
purposes named in the title, which from its construction when closed
shall be securely fastened, and which may be easily and instantaneously
opened by slightly pressing the front plate of the box..
These results are attained by bending outwardly the whole or a portion
of the upper part of the back plate of an ordinary metal match box in
such manner that the lid when the box is closed presses tightly against
it, and thus it has a constant tendency to uplift or raise the lid; but the
said lid is held securely closed by the snap or catch provided, and which

page_text: said snap or catch is formed by turning over a small portion of the front
part of the upper lid (which forms the catch), and which is caused to
slip over and afterwards to be held in position by a projection made in
the front plate of the box. When it is desired to release the lid nothing
more is needed than to press inwardly that part of the front plate of the
box in the immediate vicinity of the catch, and the lid being released
from the catch by which it has been held is caused by the leverage
before referred to, as afforded by the bent portion of the upper part of
the back plate of the box, to spring open..
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHURIC ACID
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward McConville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th February 1871.
I, EDWARD MCCONVILLE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHURIC ACID," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to manufacture sulphuric acid without
employing chimneys as at present used for causing the currents or
draughts of air to keep up the combustion of the sulphur and nitre. I
burn the sulphur and nitre in air-tight vessels, and supply the air by
means of force pumps, turbines, or fans, and the products of the com-
bustion are forced into condensing vessels, there being worms or troughs
when desired. The acid is concentrated by evaporating the liquor in
the vessels by steam pipes or fires, or the liquors may be removed from
the condensers to separate evaporating vessels. By these means there

page_text: is no waste of gases as they are all collected in closed vessels, and
therefore the product is greater than with the old method, and at the
same time the pollution of the atmosphere from that source is entirely
prevented.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Armstrong at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
December 1871.
I, CHARLES ARMSTRONG, of Godmanchester, in the County of
Huntingdon, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a means of more firmly securing a hat upon
the head, which is especially advantageous when applied to ladies' or
gentlemen's riding hats, but is also generally applicable to hats having
hard brims.
My Invention consists in providing a back piece or scull piece to fit
the back of the head, whereby a good hold is obtained which will
prevent the hat falling off or being easily blown off the head, without
causing undue pressure on any particular part. This scull piece is
made of stiff material curved or made to conform to the back part
of the head, and fixed round the inside edge of the brim at the back of
the hat.

page_text: For ladies wearing false hair the scull piece of the hat would be made
as above described, the chignon being applied on the outside thereof, but
if otherwise, the scull piece, which is in all cases intended to fit closely
to the head, would be made with long comb teeth on its lower edge,
between which the hair would pass to form the chignon. Such a scull
piece might be made of vulcanite or other material of which ladies'
combs are usually made. If made of more flexible or softer material a
band or strap would be passed along the points of the comb teeth after
the hair has been arranged to hold the teeth in place.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING COOKING RANGES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Amos at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
. August 1871.
I, JAMES AMOS, of Ashford, in the County of Kent, Miller, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING
COOKING RANGES," to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to a simple and economical mode of ventilating.
what are known as closed cooking ranges with a view to carrying off
the unpleasant effluvium which arises during cooking and at the same
time keeping the kitchen and the chimney flue cool.
According to this Invention it is proposed to place over the usual
or other damper or dampers at present provided for carrying off the
effluvium in the arch or cover of the space immediately above the range
a pipe or pipes to be carried, say, eight to ten feet up the ordinary
chimney flue, the height and diameter of such pipe or pipes varying,
however, with the size of the cooking range. In addition to this pipe
there is or are formed one or more separate registers in the arched cover
plate, the object of these being to afford facility for passing the usual

page_text: chimney sweeping apparatus up into the chimney, for affording access
to the several existing flues at the back of the range, and for cooling the
chimney when the range is not in use by allowing a plentiful supply of
cool air to enter therein. By placing a pipe over the ordinary register
aperture I am enabled to open such register and allow the effluvium to
pass freely into the draught up the said pipe without interfering with
the draught of the range. A chamber or cavity may be formed just
under the arch by fitting a front plate or hood thereto of about three or
four inches in depth, varying, however, with the size of the range. The
object of this chamber or cavity is to catch any large volume of steam 1
or effluvium which may be suddenly generated on the heated top of the
range, and allow it to pass off in its own time up the pipe and into the
chimney in lieu of allowing it to escape into the apartment.
IMPROVED STUDS FOR SHARPENING HORSE-SHOES FOR FROSTY OR SLIPPERY ROADS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Parkin and John Lewis
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 27th October 1871.
We, ISAAC PARKIN, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Book-
keeper, and JOHN LEWIS, of the same Place, Engineer and Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED STUDS
FOR SHARPENING HORSE-SHOES FOR FROSTY OR SLIPPERY ROADS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists in making studs for horse-shoes of such a
shape and so fitted in the shoc that the shoe need not be removed for
sharpening.
We are aware of a single conical shaped spiked stud having been used
before time, which studs often throw the horses down from their looseness
and from breaking. We make ours of such a shape as to nearly preclude
the possibility of such a thing taking place. We prepare the horse's shoe
by drilling as many holes in the heels and fore part as may be desired in
such shoc, or as the nature of the horse's work shall demand, into which

page_text: we screw as many studs with three, four, or more chisel shaped wings on
the face of them, or three, four, or more spike shaped teeth, which wings
or teeth we harden (but not the screw), thus giving the shoe a firm
grip on the ground in frosty or slippery weather.
The shape of such studs and their hold on the ground prevents them &
from unscrewing themselves out of their places.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN FANS FOR BLOWING, PROPELLING, OR EXHAUSTING AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Clarke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th May
1871.
I, RICHARD CLARKE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN FANS FOR BLOWING, PROPELLING, OR EXHAUSTING AIR OR OTHER
FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates more particularly to the description of fan for
which Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent bearing date the Fourteenth
of August, A.D. 1863, were granted to a certain Christian Schiele, and
consists in the first place of certain improvements in the form and
proportions of the said fan and of the casing thereof, whereby I am
enabled to obtain a greater amount of useful effect from the said fan.
When constructing the said fan I make each vane of such a form as
that the said vane shall spring directly from the boss, or that the acting
portion of the said vane shall commence to be formed at a short distance
from the axis of the fan as compared with the aforesaid Schiele fan, and
I cause the face of the said vane to gradually increase in width for the
greater portion of its lenth, the remaining portion decreasing in width

page_text: to the outer end of the said vane, and I increase the comparative width
of the said vane, and I make the line of the face of the said vane to
commence as a tangent to a circle described around the central axis
and to curve with an increasing or varying curvature outwards from the
central axis and backwards from the direction of revolution of the fan
to the outer end of the said vane. The aforesaid improvements in the
form of the said vanes enable me to increase the area of the inlet
opening or of each inlet as compared with the inlet or inlets of the
aforesaid Schiele fan, as for example I may make the diameter of the
aforesaid inlet or of each inlet equal to about two-thirds of the diameter
of the fan. I also increase the areas of the outlet opening or passage
and of the curved passage or chamber extending around the fan.
A further portion of my Invention consists in fitting or forming the
inlet opening or openings with guides, and in arranging a series of
guides extending in a circle around the fan, through the spaces between
which guides the air or fluid is driven into the aforesaid curved passage
or chamber, or either the inlet or the outlet guides only may be
employed.
A remaining portion of my Invention has for its object to increase the
area of inlet, and consists in forming a series of additional inlet openings,
slots, or perforations in the portion of the fan casing extending around
the main inlet, or each main inlet, the sides of the said additional inlet
openings being so inclined or curved as to deflect the entering air in
the direction of motion of the fan.
Year: 1871

page_text: as to intercept and cut off from the house or other building any gases
emanating from the sewers or drains.
The said pipe may be constructed of metal, glass, or earthenware,
and of any suitable diameter. On the top of one of the bends of the
syphon and opening into the same I place an outlet or escape pipe to
carry off any gas or stench not intercepted by the syphons. This pipe
is extended upward to open into the atmosphere at a safe distance above
the ground, or is arranged to pass the gas through animal or vegetable
charcoal or other deodorizing material.
The aforesaid syphons are formed in the pipe, or are connected
therewith by joints which are not accessible to or are proof against rats
or other vermin with which sewers and drains are ordinarily infested.
And as the said syphons and pipes are formed of materials through
which they cannot penetrate there will be no possibility of such vermin
making their way from the sewers into the house, or making apertures
in the pipes, syphons, or joints through which the sewage matters or
gases could escape.
In connection with the aforesaid syphon pipes I arrange at or near
the highest point of the water supply a flushing cistern or vessel
provided with a cock or other contrivances, whereby I can at any time
rapidly discharge the contents of such cistern or vessel into the said
pipes and drains.
By this means I keep all parts of the pipes and drains free from any
accumulation of sewage matter, and thereby still further ensure the
health and comfort of the inmates of the house or other building to
which my Invention is applied.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REMOVING DUST, SALIVA, OR OTHER MATTER OR SUBSTANCE, TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Brown at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
December 1871.
I, CHARLES BROWN, of the Saint Michael's Iron Foundry, Lyme
Regis, in the County of Dorset, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REMOVING DUST, SALIVA, OR
OTHER MATTER OR SUBSTANCE, TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH RAILWAY AND
OTHER CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
A metal box or frame is to be fixed into and flush with the floor
of railway carriages or other carriages where loose bottom spittoons
are required. In the top edge is a flange or rim projecting at right
angles to secure it to the floor. The lid or cover is a perforated plate of
metal pierced to any required design or monogram, and through
which the saliva, ashes, dust, or other matter fall. This lid is hung
on its axis to the sides of the box or frame; on the under side of
it is attached a double joint or hinge which is also similarly fixed to the
bottom of the railway expectorator. The bottom is a loose plate of
metal similar to the lid, but not perforated. Both the lid and bottom

page_text: rest on suitable seats formed on the sides of the box or frame, and
are secured in their place by a spring catch or bolt attached to the side
of the box.
>
To clean out accumulation of ashes, dust, or other matters from the
railway expectorator the spring catch or bolt is loosened by the 5
porter's keys or a similar contrivance, which releases both the lid
and bottom, and the contents of the railway expectorator falls to
the ground below.
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IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Tinn at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
September 1871.
I, JOSEPH TINN, of Bower Ashton, Bristol, in the County of
Gloucester, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in constructing what I designate telescopic
horizontal and vertical tubulous steam boilers with the combination of
(1) an outer shell, (2) a firing tube, (3) a pair of horizontal superheater
tubes, and (4) vertical or nearly vertical tubes between the top of the
shell and the bottom of the superheater tubes, all in accordance with the
following further particulars and arrangement as described. The shell
and firing tube to be conical, or of larger diameters at one end than the
other. I call this a telescopic arrangement, and contemplate occasional
removal of the firing tube for cleaning or repairs. The superheater
tubes to lie parallel with a space between them. The vertical tubes to
be conical, or wider at top than at bottom.
Subject to any modifications not departing from the nature of the
Invention as above set forth it may and is to be performed as follows:-

page_text: The upper parts of the shell and of the firing tube are to be fixed
level and their wider ends placed at the back of the furnace. The
relative positions of the shell and firing tube to be eccentric, the
greater water space being allowed at the top. The vertical cone
tubes to be rivetted to shell and to superheater tubes in an overhanging
position, so as to catch the heated gases as they ascend, and to
be all alike and therefore interchangeable. The superheater tubes
to have man-holes at their back ends for access for cleaning or repairs.
The feed water pipe to be carried between the vertical cone pipes from
the front to the back of the boiler, where it is to enter the shell at
or nearly at boiling point. No stays or tie rods will be required.
If desired, tubes passing through the firing tube to the surrounding
water space may be added.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE FITTINGS OR MECHANISM FOR ACTUATING, ADJUSTING, AND FIXING LOUVRE BLINDS AND LOUVRES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Titley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th April
1871.
I, ROBERT TITLEY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass
Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE FITTINGS OR MECHANISM FOR ACTUATING, ADJUSTING, AND
FIXING LOUVRE BLINDS AND LOUVRES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
the fittings or mechanism for actuating, adjusting, and fixing louvre
blinds and louvres for various purposes.
I will describe my Invention in connection with a louvre blind of a
carriage window. The several louvres are jointed to a flat vertical rod
crossing the middle of each louvre, by the raising of which rod the
louvres may be wholly or partially closed, and by depressing which rod
the louvres may be wholly or partially opened. When the rod is in its
lowest position the louvres are wide open and when the said rod is in
its highest position the louvres are closed. I make this actuating rod
out of a flat bar of metal having on one face a middle rib extending its

page_text: whole length, that is to say, having in cross section a figure somewhat
resembling the letter T. From the said flat bar I cut away portions of
the rib leaving uncut away portions at distances apart equal to the
distances between the louvres, and I make from the said uncut away
parts of the rib the eyes or knuckles of the joints by which the louvres
are connected to the actuating rod. The said actuating rod is connected
to the top of the louvre or window frame by a hinge joint of the ordinary
kind. In order to fix the actuating rod either in its raised position for
closing the louvres, or in its lowest position for fixing the said louvres
open, or in an intermediate position for fixing the said louvres half open,
I employ the following mechanism :-Immediately over the top of the
actuating rod described is a flat lever turning in a vertical plane upon
a joint or centre. The short arm of the said lever carries a roller
against which a strong spring bears, the action of the spring on the
lever tending to press its longer arm into the same plane as that of
the carriage window. When the actuating rod is in its highest position
the said lever lics flat upon it and holds it in its raised position. When
it is wished to fix the said rod in its lowest position the lever is raised
and the actuating rod allowed to descend. By now loosing the lever it
presses obliquely upon the top of the rod and prevents it rising
except by the application of considerable force. In order to fix the
actuating rod in an intermediate position it is brought into the said
position and the lever allowed to fall upon its top, when a projecting
tooth on the top of the rod enters a slot in the lever, against the bottom
of which slot the said tooth bears and the further descent of the rod is
prevented.
My Invention is applicable to ventilating louvres for the windows
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING PORTABLE AND ADJUSTABLE PLATES FOR THE SHOES OP HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, ALSO FOR THE BOOTS AND SHOES OF MEN AND WOMEN TO PREVENT SLIPPING
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Ellis and George
Gilbert at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th January 1871.
We, GEORGE HENRY ELLIS, of No. 20, High Holborn, and GEORGE
GILBERT, of 23, Grove Road, Holloway, both in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING PORTABLE AND ADJUSTABLE PLATES FOR THE SHOES
OP HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, ALSO FOR THE BOOTS AND SHOES OF MEN AND
WOMEN TO PREVENT SLIPPING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the mode of making, forming, and fitting
plates to the shoes of horses and other animals, and to the boots and
shoes of men and women, for the purpose of preventing slipping.
For horses and other animals we employ a plate made of one piece
of steel or other metal having at one end a lip turned down, and at
the other end one or more projecting portions or bands which are bent
round so as to form a spring or other clip intended to embrace or fasten
on the shoe; the tip may be sharpened, or its edge may be jagged or
made into teeth to afford a better grip upon the ground. The clip or
bent portion of the plate is intended to be driven and made fast

page_text: upon the inner edge of the shoe at the toe. The inner surface of the
clip which is intended to come into contact with the shoe is made rough
so as to bite or hold more firmly thereupon.
In making plates for boots and shoes we use one or two narrow pieces
of thin steel or other suitable material, in the latter case one end of
each piece is bent so as to fit upon or round the edges of boot soles. A
long slot hole is cut in one of these plates, and two or more spike screws
being fitted in the other when the two plates are brought together into
the proper position on the sole they are secured or made fast by the
tightening of the spike screws. The spike screws have heads suitable 1
When we use only one piece or plate
for readily gripping the ground.
it has short spikes fixed therein, and both ends are turned or bent round
to fit and hold upon the edges of boot soles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO POUCHES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Allen Oldroyd at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th January
1871.
I, ALLEN OLDROYD, of Leyton, in the County of Essex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO
POUCHES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in tobacco pouches made of
sheet india-rubber, and consists in so arranging and combining the parts
of which the pouch is composed that when it is open ready for use it
will stand or support itself in a vertical position. For this purpose I
prefer to form the pouch or receptacle for the tobacco of oblong shape,
one side or end being left open. To the outer surface of one side of the
pouch I attach a hollow rim or case of india-rubber, one portion of which
serves as a cover to close the opening to the pouch, whilst the other
portion serves as a support to maintain the pouch in a vertical position
when open ready for use. In place of the cover and support being
formed in one piece, the support, may be formed and applied separately
from the cover which closes the opening to the pouch.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL HOLDERS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmond Pierre Baville, of Havre; in the Republic
of France, Engineer, for the Invention" of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL
HOLDERS."
Sealed the 26th April 1872, and dated the 29th September 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmond Pierre Baville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th September 1871.
I, EDMOND PIERRE BAVILLE, of Havre, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN TOOL HOLDERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in so constructing tool holders that they are
adjustable, thereby enabling the cutter or other tool to be set at any
desired angle or position without requiring any alteration in the cutting
end of the tool as at present. The tool carrier or head is provided with

page_text: a projecting screen which passes through a screw hole in the head stock,
and is furnished. with a nut at the end, by which it may be fixed firmly
in the headstock at any desired angle or position, the tool passes through
an oblique square hole in the head stock, and is held firm by two screws
suitably placed. The moveable head or stock is also provided with
other holes for tools that do not require to be placed obliquely to obtain
a cut. The head or carrier is sometimes adjusted to the head stock as
before described, but is also formed with a crank or otherwise to act as
a spring, so that a plane or other cutter fixed to it may accomodate
itself to the surface to be worked. For moulding tools the tool box is
held by a bin or bolt, and the tool is held by a serew independent of the
moveable head, a spiral or flat spring being employed instead of the
moveable head being formed with a spring. Instead of the adjusting
screw being formed on the moveable head or stock the latter may be
formed with a female screw and held in position by a screw passing
through the head stock with a countersunk holo for the head of the
screw, so that the moveable head may be moved forward or backwards
by employing screws of different lengths and washers, the same screw
in all cases holding both the moveable head or stock and the tool.
A sliding tool carrier which can be used'at both ends of the holder may
be employed. It is formed of a rectangular frame sliding on the head
stock to which it is adjusted in the desired position by means of wedges,
the whole being fixed and held together by means of a screw at the
end, and a flat plate is screwed on underneath.
IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE UTILIZATION OF THE WASTE LIQUOR, KNOWN AS PICKLE AND SPENT PICKLE, FROM TIN PLATE AND TINNING WORKS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomson King at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th November 1871.-A communication from abroad by George
Lauder, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
.
I, JOHN THOMSON KING, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE UTILIZATION OF THE WASTE LIQUOR, KNOWN AS PICKLE
AND SPENT PICKLE, FROM TIN PLATE AND TINNING WORKS.”
2. A communication to me from abroad by George Lauder, of the City
and State of New York, United States of America, to be as follows:-
:-
3. The object of this Invention is to obtain sulphate of soda and a
finely divided peroxide of iron from the hitherto valueless and trouble-
some liquor named in the above title.
4. For this purpose chloride of sodium is mixed with or added to the
liquor, and the whole placed in an evaporating apparatus or furnace, and
reduced to dryness.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FIRE-GRATES OF STEAM BOILER FURNACES WITH INTERNAL FLUES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Joseph Chatfield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th July 1871.
I, FRANCIS JOSEPH CHATFIELD, Engineer, Thorp Hamlet, Norwich,
County of Norfolk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE FIRE-GRATES OF STEAM BOILER FURNACES WITH
INTERNAL FLUES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the fire-grates of steam boiler
furnaces consists in an improved method of forming the frames or
supports for the fire-bars and the sides of fire-grates, by means of which
a more perfect combustion of the fuel is obtained, and less injury to the
sides of the fire-box and stays is caused by the action of the fire than
by the, plans in present use, from which there results a considerable
economy of fuel and a saving in repairs.
The means by which I effect this I will now describe :-In the present
mode of supporting the fire-bars a space is left round the walls of the
fire-box and the ends and sides of the fire-bars forming the grate,
through which space air is rapidly drawn by the combustion in the
furnace or fire-box, a part of the fuel is carried away unconsumed by

page_text: the draught so caused, and the sides of the fire-box and the stays are
burned. To obviate these evils I form the iron frame which supports the
fire-bars at their ends, and which I carry also round the sides of the bars,
hollow at the top and sides next the fire-box, for the purpose of carrying
fire-clay or other suitable material, by which means a close joint can be
made between the said frame and the sides and ends of the fire-box; or
the frame can be used without the fire-clay or other suitable material
to make a close joint between the frame and fire-box, but I much prefer
to use the fire-clay, and by these means the air drawn into the furnace
from the bottom then passes only through the spaces between the fire-
bars and through channels formed in the ends of the fire-bars, and no
air can pass through the space between the fire-bars framing and the
walls or sides of the furnace or fire-box.
My Invention may be applied with advantage to the fire-grates of
any steam boilers with internal flues, whether locomotive, portable,
marine, or stationary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE JOINTS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Burns at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
June 1871.
I, WILLIAM BURNS, of Little Ilford, in the County of Essex, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PIPE JOINTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved mode of making fluid and gas
tight joints in metal pipes or in pipes of stoneware, earthenware, paper,
or any other material, and consists essentially in rebating the junction
ends of the pipes to be joined so as to form an annular groove when
the two ends are brought together, and in employing in combination
with the said rebated ended pipes of a separate grooved ring composed
either of metal or stoneware, or other suitable material, such ring being
made in two halves so as to be readily secured round the joint by
screws, clamps, or otherwise. When so applied an annular space will be
left all round the joint, enclosed by the said ring. Before applying the
said ring the groove round the pipes is filled in or packed with yarn or
other well known packing in order to prevent the cement or filling
which is afterwards applied from gaining access to the interior of the

page_text: pipes. The halves of the grooved rings having been secured in their
places any suitable and well known substance for making a tight joint
is to be introduced into the annular space formed by said rings through
a hole for that purpose, for example, melted lead, or other metal or
Roman or Portland cement or plaster of Paris, or (if an elastic_joint 5
be required) a compound of tar or pitch, and tallow, or oil, may be
used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA-RUBBER VALVES FOR STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Anderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th May 1871.
I, ALEXANDER ANDERSON, of London Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA-RUBBER VALVES FOR STEAM
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of strengthening the vulcanized
india-rubber employed in steam engines, whereby the cracking or splitting
of the india-rubber after it has been a short time in wear, which is now
so objectionable, is obviated, and consists in incorporating with the
india-rubber, at the time of manufacturing the same into sheets or slabs,
wire gauze or netting in one or more sheets, or wire in any other con-
venient form, but wire gauze will be found to be the most suitable for
the purpose. The said combined india-rubber and wire gauze sheets are,
when manufactured, to be cut into rings or discs of the dimensions
required in the trade.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, AND FIXING ROCK DRILLS AND OTHER SIMILAR MINING, TUNNELLING, AND QUARRYING IMPLEMENTS IN MINES, TUNNELS, QUARRIES, OR HARBOURS AND Docks
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Julius Ball at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
February 1871.
I, CHARLES JULIUS BALL, of 96, Newgate Street, in the City of
London, Civil and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING,
LOWERING, AND FIXING ROCK DRILLS AND OTHER SIMILAR MINING, TUNNELLING,
AND QUARRYING IMPLEMENTS IN MINES, TUNNELS, QUARRIES, OR HARBOURS AND
Docks," to be as follows:
:-
According to this Invention the crane A is fixed in the mine in a
vertical or slightly overhanging position and is held secure by means
of a point or points e, e, at the top of the framework which is or are
forced into the crown or top of the mine, tunnel, quarry, or public work
by the aid of screws d, d, with points working through the bottom of
the framework into the rock composing the bottom of the mine, tunnel,
quarry, or public work. The stretcher bar or tube B on which the rock
drill or other mining, tunnelling, or quarrying implement is attached is
intended to stretch horizontally or vertically across the mine, tunnel,
quarry, or works, and is held in position by means of fixed points c, e, e,

page_text: at one end and a screw with a pointed head working in the other end
of the aforesaid stretcher bar or tube, thus joining it between the two
sides or top and bottom of the mine, tunnel, quarry, or work, as shown
by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings which forms part of this
Specification.
It will be seen that by means of the crane A when securely fixed in
position, as shown at Fig. 2 in the Drawings, the bar or tube B with
the rock drill or other mining, tunnelling, or quarrying implement can
be raised, lowered, or fixed at pleasure instead of being raised and lowered
by hand as heretofore.
I wish it to be understood that I neither claim the crane or stretcher
bar or tube seperately, but what I do claim as my Invention is the com-
bination of a crane with a stretcher bar or tube for the purpose of raising,
lowering, and fixing rock drills and other mining, tunnelling, and
quarrying implements in mines, tunnels, quarries, or public works,
substantially as herein described and illustrated.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE FASTENINGS OF LEGGINGS, GAITERS, AND THE LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Frankenstein and Samuel
Phillips at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th June 1871.
We, PHILIP FRANKENSTEIN, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Legging Manufacturer, and Samuel PHILLIPS, of the same Place,
Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE FASTENINGS OF LEGGINGS, GAITERS, AND THE LIKE ARTICLES,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the fastenings employed to close leggings or
gaiters, and to retain them in position when in use.
In the ordinary fastening of the description to which our Invention
more particularly refers one end of a bar or spring, which we will call
the spring bar, is inserted in a socket, and the other end is sprung
into a second socket by bending the said spring bar. In our Invention
we employ one of the said sockets to retain one end of the said spring
bar, but we fasten or lock the other end thereof by means of a movable
catch or bolt. In the arrangement which we have found to be suitable
a staple is fixed or formed on or near one end of the said spring bar,

page_text: which staple enters an aperture formed in the bar carrying the aforesaid
socket when the legging is closed upon the leg, and after the other end
of the said spring bar has been inserted in the aforesaid socket a sliding
spring bolt entering the said staple and locking or fastening the said
spring bar to the socket bar. When the legging has to be removed from
the leg of the wearer. a knob formed or fixed on the said sliding bolt
is acted upon by the hand so as to withdraw the said sliding bolt from
within the aforesaid staple.