Armatures and other Electrical Apparatus.
Year: 1887

page_text: Armatures and other Electrical Apparatus.
I, JOHN HENRY HOLMES, of Portland Road, Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the county of
Northumberland, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to means or apparatus for controlling in an automatic manner
reciprocatory, vibratory, or oscillatory movements of armatures and other electrical
apparatus in such a way that the range of movement may be prolonged to a desired
extent, and for this purpose has reference to the combination or application in
connection with a moveable conducting contact piece or switch for making and
breaking or changing the direction of an electric circuit of a spring or springs or
equivalent and a magnet or magnets or solenoid or solenoids, the arrangement being
such as to operate in an automatic manner the said spring or springs or equivalent
being brought into action by the movement-due to the action of the electric current-
of the moveable part or parts (usually the armature or armatures) of the magnet or
magnets or of the moveable part or parts (usually the core or cores) of the solenoid or
solenoids and the moveable conducting contact piece or switch which makes and
breaks or changes the direction of the electric circuit being urged into either of its
two positions (for example the "on" or the "off" position,) solely by the force of the
said spring or springs or equivalent and not being moved by direct pressure exerted
through the said moveable part or parts of the magnet or magnets or solenoid or
solenoids. The arrangement is such that by the movement of the moveable part or
parts of the magnet or magnets or solenoid or solenoids energy is stored in the spring
gal.מ

page_text: or springs or equivalent for subsequently effecting in a rapid manner the change of
position of the moveable contact piece or switch.
Apparatus according to my invention can be constructed in a variety of forms and
the contact piece or switch may be connected by a spring or equivalent to a lever
operated by the moveable part of a magnet or solenoid; or the said moveable part
may carry a spring with a device acting upon a suitably formed part of a pivotted
contact piece or switch, or the parts may be otherwise arranged as may be found
convenient to operate on the principle set forth above.
Dated this 50th day of Santambor 1887
W. LLOYD WISE,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Improved Means or Apparatus for Controlling in an Automatic
Manner Reciprocatory, Vibratory, or Oscillatory Movements of
✓ Armatures and other Electrical Apparatus.
I, JOHN HENRY HOLMES, of Portland Road, Newcastle on Tyne, in the County of
Northumberland, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to means or apparatus for controlling in an automatic manner
reciprocatory, vibratory, or oscillatory movements of armatures and other electrical
apparatus in such a way that the range of movement may be prolonged to a desired
extent, and for this purpose has reference to the combination or application in con-
nection with a moveable conducting contact piece or switch for making and breaking
or changing the direction of an electric circuit of spring or springs or equivalent
and a magnet or magnets or solenoid or solenoids, the arrangement being' such as to
operate in an automatic manner, the said spring or springs or equivalent being
brought into action by the movement, due to the action of the electric current, of the
moveable part or parts (usually the armature or armatures) of the magnet or magnets
or of the moveable part or parts (usually the core or cores) of the solenoid or solenoids
and the moveable conducting contact piece or switch which makes and breaks or
changes the direction of the electric circuit being urged, into either of its two positions
(for example the 'on' or the "off" position,) solely by the force of the said
spring or springs or equivalent and not being moved by direct pressure exerted.
through the said moveable part or parts of the magnet or magnets or solenoid or
solenoids. The arrangement is such that by the movement of the moveable part or
parts of the magnet or magnets or solenoid or solenoids energy is stored in the
spring or springs or equivalent for subsequently effecting in a rapid manner the
change of position of the moveable contact piece or switch.
Apparatus according to my invention can be constructed in a variety of forms and
the contact piece or switch may be connected by a spring or equivalent to a lever
operated by the moveable part of a magnet or solenoid or the said moveable part
may carry a spring with a device acting upon a suitably formed part of a pivotted
contact piece or switch, or the parts may be otherwise arranged as may be found con-
venient to operate on the principle.set forth above.
Switches of the kind herein above referred to have already been described in the
specification of Letters Patent granted to Belna Egger dated 5th April 1887 No. 5092
and in the specification of an application for Letters Patent filed by me dated
18th April, 1887, and Numbered 5648.
Referring to the accompanying four sheets of illustrative drawings, Figures 1 and 2
shew, in two different attitudes or positions, an apparatus, according to this invention,
whereby the motion of an armature is automatically controlled.

page_text: Figures 3 to 8 inclusive illustrate modified arrangements hereinafter described.
In Figures 1 and 2 A is the armature to be controlled. It stands in front of the
poles of an electro magnet E, E, and is connected to an extension D of the yoke to
which the two cores of the magnet are attached. This connection is made by a
flexible spring B, of sufficient strength to bring the armature from the position shewn
in Figure 2 to that shown in Figure 1 when the attraction of the magnet ceases.
Coupled to the armature is a spring arm S having a shaped attachment T, which
works against a correspondingly shaped part of the moveable switch C. This
switch plays between two stops F and G, the latter of which forms one terminal of
the magnet coil, while the former is insulated. The pin on which the switch turns is
connected to the positive terminal FI of the apparatus while the negative terminal J is
connected to the other end of the magnet coil.
Assuming the parts to be in the position shewn in Figure 1 and the electric circuit
to be completed, the current will flow from the terminal H to the switch C; thenco
through the contact stop G, round the magnet coils to the terminal J. The magnet
cores will then be excited, and will draw the armature A towards their poles. In its
motion it will carry with it the spring S the shaped end T of which will travel the
inclined surface of C bending the spring S outwards, and storing up energy in it.
As soon as the point of T passes the point of C¹ the elasticity of the spring will
force the shaped end T down the opposite side of C₁ and in doing this will move the
switch C from the position shewn in Figure 1 to that shown in Figure 2.
up
By this motion the electric circuit will be broken and consequently the magnet will
lose its attractive power.. Then the elasticity of the spring B will carry the parts back
Thus the
into the position shewn in Figure 1, and the actions will recommence.
armature will be alternately attracted and allowed to move back.
Figures 3 and show in two attitudes or positions a modified apparatus according
to this invention, whereby the motion of an armature is automatically controlled.
A is the armature to be controlled. It is pivotted to the core of one arm of the
electro magnet E E, and has in it a hole which works over an extension of the other
core. This latter is of conical or ogival form in order that the armature may work in.
near proximity to it through its range of motion. A spring B connects the armature
to a fixed bracket, and constantly tends to raise the armature.
The switch C moves freely on a stud or pivot, and plays between the two stops F
and G. On its pivotted end it carries a cain C¹, which is pressed upon by a spring S
connected to the armature A. When the armature moves from the position shewn in
Figure to that shewn in Figure 4 the spring S rides over the cam (until it passes
over the centre, that is until the pressure it exercises falls on the other side of the axis
of the switch, whereupon the switch moves rapidly from the stop G to the stop F.
The electric connections are similar to those described with reference to Figures 1
and 2. In Figure 3 the current enters at H, circulates round the magnet coils to the
contact stop G, traverses the switch C, and so reaches the terminal J. Under these
conditions the armature is attracted and the switch reversed, the parts coming into
the positions shewn in Figure 4. The electric circuit is thus broken, the magnet
loses its power, and the spring B returns the armature A and the switch C. to their
original positions. Thus the armature is kept in constant reciprocation.
Figures 5 and 6-shew in two attitudes or positions an apparatus-according-to-this
invention whereby the motion of a solenoid core is automatically controlled.
A is the core, situated partly within two solenoids E. It carries a tappet B which
works between two tappets B1, B2 on a slide K, and as the core nears either end of
its stroke its tappet comes in contact with one of the tappets B' B, and moves the
slide K. A pin L in this slide works in a slot in the end of.a lever, pivotted on a
fixed stud. On the same stud is a moveable switch C, playing between the two
contact stops F and G. The lever M and the switch Care connected by a spring S
and when the former is moved it tightens this spring, storing up energy, until the line
of pull of the spring is transferred to the other side of the centre, on which the
switch vibrates. Immediately this takes place the switch is rapidly moved over frou
one contact to the other.

page_text: With the parts in the positions shewn in Figure 5 the current enters at the
terminal H and is conducted to the stud N; thence it passes by the switch C to the
contact stop F, and from it round the right hand solenoid coil to the other terminal J.
Under these conditions the core A is attracted by the right hand solenoid and moves
into it. Before it completes its stroke the tappet B meets the tappet B² carrying the
slide K to the right. The lever M moves with the slide K tightening the spring S
until the latter comes into position to move the switch. Then the stored up energy
in the spring carries the switch over against the other contact stop. This change
diverts the current out of the right hand solenoid into the left hand solenoid
(Figure 6) and the core is drawn back again. Thus the corc is kept in constant
reciprocation.
Figures 7 and 8 shew in two attitudes or positions a modified apparatus according
to this invention whereby the motion of a solenoid core is automatically controlled.
This arrangement is very similar to that shown in Figures 5 and 6, the difference being
confined to the switch and the means for reversing it.
The slide K is provided with a boss which forms a receptacle for the shaped plug T
which is capable of retiring within the boss against the thrust of spring S shewn in
dotted lines. This shaped plug works against a shaped piece C₁ on the sliding
switch C. When the slide K is forced to the right (Figure 8) the plug T descends
into the cavity in the boss until its point passes the point of the picce C₁, the spring S
being compressed below it. Immediately the one point has passed the other the
plug T is forced upward by the spring, and the switch C is impelled against the other
stop F (Figure 8) thus directing the current from the right hand solenoid to the left
hand solenoid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. For controlling in an automatic manner reciprocatory vibratory or oscillatory
movements of armatures and other electrical apparatus in such a way that the range
of movement may be prolonged to a desired extent the combination or application in
connexion with a moveable conducting contact piece or switch of the kind hereinabove
referred to for making and breaking or changing the direction of an electric circuit
of a spring or springs or equivalent and a magnet or magnets or a solenoid.or solenoids
the arrangement being such as to operate in an automatic manner and that the said
spring or springs or equivalent is or are brought into action by the movement, due to
the action of the electric current, of the moveable part or parts (usually the armature
or armatures) of the magnet or magnets, or of the moveable part or parts (usually the
core or cores) of the solenoid or solenoids and that the moveable conducting contact
piece or switch is urged into either of its two positions (for example the " on or the
off" position) solely by the force of the said spring or springs or equivalent, as set
forth, as distinguished from being moved by direct pressure exerted through the said
moveable part or parts of the electric apparatus.
"
2. My improved apparatus for controlling in an automatic manner the movement
of an armature or core, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as described
with reference respectively to and shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, in Figs. 3 and 4, in
Figs. 5 and 6, and in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 22nd day of June 1888.
Dated this 22nd day of June 1888
JOHN H. HOLMES.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.ċ.,
Agont for the Applicant.