IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING OR CONSTRUCTING STENCH TRAPS OR SYPHON PIPES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Sutcliffe and Wright Sutcliffe, of Halifax,
in the County of York, Sanitary Engineers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING OR CONSTRUCTING STENCH TRAPS OR SYPHON
PIPES."
Sealed the 24th September 1872, and dated the 23rd July 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Sutcliffe and
Wright Sutcliffe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd July 1872.
We, HENRY SUTCLIFFE and WRIGHT SUTCLIFFE, of Halifax, in the
County of York, Sanitary Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING OR CONSTRUCTING STENCH
TRAPS OR SYPHON PIPES," to be as follows:-
'
This Invention relates to the moulding or the construction of stench
traps or sypon pipes for the prevention of noxious gases or vapours arising
from sewers or waterclosets.
The practice heretofore has been either to mould or construct these
pipes of S shapes or in three right lines united by two semicircular

page_text: lines, and the means or method of production either by forming them
out of sheet lead in two halves, each half beaten or blocked to the form
of one-half of the pipe longitudinally, or by casting the two halves in
moulds suitably formed for the purpose, and afterwards uniting the two
halves by soldering, for which latter method Letters Patent were granted
to us, dated July 14th, 1871, No. 1844; or such pipes have been cast
whole in moulds by means of cores to form the interior; but the
difficulty in the construction, holding in proper position, and in removal
of the said cores has been such (in consequence of parts being semi-
circular) that the pipes are generally faulty, also too heavy, and cannot
be produced with sufficient facility.
Now our present improvements consist,-
Firstly. In constructing stench traps or syphon pipes bi-angular in shape
or of a zig-zag form, or in three right lines and two, angles, whereby we
are enabled to cast them whole by the use of three straight cores so fitted
together as to form one when placed in. position, yet drawn out in
three parts from the casting, and to cast both webs in the angles 'at the
same time.
Secondly. In casting the funnels or sink tops to the said pipes in the
same process.
Thirdly. In casting in each said pipe a screw-threaded plug hole or
button hole at one of the angles for cleansing the pipe, to receive a
screwed plug or button; which is cast separate for plugging stopping
the said hole, the jointing of which we secure by the introduction of a
washer of india-rubber or other suitable material.
By these improvements we produce a complete efficient stench trap or
syphon pipe with facility, ready for fixing, without any fitting up or
soldering of joints, and thereby at a cheap rate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, :
filed by the said Henry Sutcliffe and Wright Sutcliffe in the Great 3
Seal Patent Office on the 22nd January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
SUTCLIFFE and WRIGHT SUTCLIFFE, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Sanitary Engineers, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Henry Sutcliffe and Wright Sutcliffe,
Her special licence that we, the said Henry Sutcliffe and Wright Sut-
cliffe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Henry Sutcliffe and Wright Sutcliffe, our executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING
OR CONSTRUCTING STENCH TRAPS OR SYPHON PIPES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Henry Sutcliffe and Wright Sutcliffe,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months-next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Sutcliffe and Wright
Sutcliffe, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to the moulding or the construction of stench
traps or syphon pipes for the prevention of noxious gases or vapours
arising from sewers or waterclosets.
The practice heretofore has been either to mould or construct these
pipes of S shape, or in three right lines united by two semicircular
lines, and the means or method of production cither by forming them
out of sheet lead in two lialves, cach half beaten or blocked to the form
of one half of the pipe longitudinally, or by casting the two halves in
moulds suitably formed for the purpose, and afterwards uniting the two
halves by soldering, for which latter method Letters Patent were granted

page_text: to us dated July Fourteenth, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one, No. 1844; or such pipes have been cast whole in moulds by means
of cores to form the interior; but the difficulty in the construction;
holding in proper position, and removal of the said cores has been such
(in consequence of parts being semicircular) that the pipes are generally
faulty, also too heavy, and cannot be produced with sufficient facility.
Now our present improvements consist,―
Firstly. In constructing stench traps or syphon pipes bi-angúlar in
shape of a zig-zag form, or in three right lines and two angles, whereby
we are enabled to cast them whole by the use of three straight cores, so
fitted together as to form one when placed in position, yet drawn out in
three parts from the casting, and to cast both webs or locks in the angles
at the same time.
Secondly. In casting the funnels or sink tops to the said pipes in the
same process.
Thirdly. In casting in each said pipe a screw-threaded plug hole or
button hole at one of the angles for cleansing the pipe, to receive a
screwed plug or button which is cast separate for plugging or stopping
the said hole, the jointing of which we secure by the introduction of a
washer of india-rubber or other suitable material.
By these improvements we produce a completely efficient stench trap
or syphon pipe with facility ready for fixing without any fitting up or
soldering of joints, and therefore at a cheap rate.
But in order to enable our improvements to be better understood we
will proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying
Drawings, in which Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents a sectional side view of
the moulding apparatus for moulding or constructing stench traps;
Figure 2, side view; and Figure 3 (Sheet 1), plan of the same.
Figure 1, Sheet 2, represents a sectional side view of the plug or
button moulding apparatus with the top lid removed; Figure 2, top
view without lid; Figure 3, sectional side view with lid and core; and
Figure 4 (Sheet 2), plan of the lid of the same.
Figure 5, Sheet 2, sectional elevation of a sink grate moulding
apparatus; Figure 6, plan of the same with top part removed, shewing
under side of sink grate.

page_text: apparatus.
Similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures to represent
similar parts.
The stench trap moulding apparatus M is of bi-angular shape and of
the form of the outer surface of the required trap, and the inside of the
said trap is formed by cores as follows:-
A is a metal top core round in the body and having the end curved to
suit the bend of the pipe, and also hollowed out at the end A³ to fit the
body of the central core B; this core A is made with a tapered oval
funnel core piece A¹ and also with a bearing piece A³, overlapping the
mould M, preventing the escape of the lead or metal, and keeping the
core A in its proper position. The tapered oval funnel part is afterwards
made round by means of a taper plug; B, central core round and curved
at the end joining the bottom core C at C³, and forming the curve of the
pipe; C³, bearing piece overlapping the mould at C', also keeping the core
in its proper position and preventing the escape of the metal or lead as
herein-before described. The central core B is made with a round end B²,
smaller in diameter than the core B for the purpose of receiving the
socket D, forming the screw tap; this socket is loose on, the core B³, to
allow of turning the screw tap when the trap is' moulded, such turning
being effected by means of the wooden handle E fitted on the square
hollow spindle H; G, screw tap formed on the socket D and sliding on
the end B, forming a threaded hole or female screw F, commonly called
a button hole for the purpose of cleansing the trap; this threaded or
screwed hole receives a screwed plug or stopper made of lead, part lead
or metal, the jointing of which is secured by means of an india-rubber
washer. By these means we cast or mould the threaded hole or button
hole with the trap, that is to say, it is made of lead, only doing away with
the present plans of brass or metal ferrules cast or placed in the traps,
and at a less cost. K, rod fitted in the central core piece B² for drawing
out the core; this rod is made longer than the handle E, allowing
space between the end of the handle and the eye J, for taking out or
unscrewing the threaded piece G and socket D. M, moulding apparatus
having brackets N and O, cast on it; the brackets N have slot holes P
for the purpose of wrenching open or drawing apart the moulds by
means of levers fixed in them; the brackets O have bolts or pins to
secure the top mould to the bed plate or even surface. Q, wooden
.

page_text: handles for placing or removing the cores A and C. U, eye to place in
a lever for removing the cores. Rrunners" or pouring in holes made
with bevel edges to allow of opening or closing the moulds. S, lead
pipes forming the trap. T, webs or locks for strengthening the pipes at
the bent or curved portion; these webs or locks are moulded or cast by
means of openings left in the mould between the two pipes equal in
thickness to the strength required for the web or lock.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 (Sheet 2), plug or button moulding apparatus ;
A and B, mould made in two parts and working on the pin or stud P
to allow for the removal of the plug or button when cast or moulded
and actuated by means of the handles M. C, thread cut in forming a
female screw. D, recess into which the projecting part E of the core F
fits; this projection E fitting truly, the recess D causes the core F to
take its central position, giving an equal thickness of metal to the plug.
G, opening, chased round, forming the head of the plug or button.
H, bottom piece of the mould into which two holes K are made for the
purpose of forming stops to place a lever to screw or unscrew the plug
or button. L, lugs. N, cover forming the core.
Figures 5 and 6 (Sheet 2), sink grate moulding apparatus; A, bottom
plate in which is fitted the studs E, forming the cores for the openings
or holes of the grate., B, top plate
which is cut openings G, forming the
screw in the spindle of the handle D;
for the purpose of removing the top part B when the grate is moulded
or cast.
fitting on the bottom plate A, in
ribs H of the grate. C, boss to
this handle is made of wood and
Figure 7 (Sheet 2), syphon pipe moulding apparatus; A, mould made
in two parts and joining at the centre. B, cores made round meeting
each other at C, forming the bend of the pipe P, and having at cách end
a core D, made larger in diameter to form the socket F of the pipe P.
E, bearing piece overlapping the mould at E', keeping the core B in its
proper position, and preventing the escape of the metal or lead. H, handles
for placing and removing the cores. G, lugs, in which are fitted studs
or pins to secure the mould to the bed plate. K, web or lock, moulded
or cast by means of an opening left in the mould for the purpose of
strengthening the pipes at the bend or curved portion. R, runner or
pouring in hole made with bevel edges.
We can also use our moulding apparatus for making earthenware
trans and nines.

page_text: Having thus described our improvements and the best means we are
acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details shewn
and described, as these may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of the Invention, but what we do claim is,-
-
Firstly. The making or constructing stench traps and syphon pipes
(the stench traps of a bi-angular or zig-zag form), casting them whole
by the use of the moulds and cores as represented in Sheets 1 and 2 of
the accompanying Drawings, substantially as described.
Secondly. Moulding or casting the funnels or sink tops to the said
traps or pipes in the same process, substantially as described.
Thirdly. Moulding or casting in threaded or screwed plug holes or
button holes in lead with the traps or pipes, substantially as described.
Fourthly. Strengthening the pipes of traps and syphon pipes by means
of webs or locks, substantially as described.
Fifthly. The making or constructing plugs or buttons, substantially as
described and represented in Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Sixthly. The making or constructing sink grates, substantially as
described and represented in Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we the said Henry Sutcliffe and Wright Sutcliffe
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-three.
Witness,
WALTER JA. TURNER, C.E.
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
HENRY SUTCLIFFE.
WRIGHT SUTCLIFFE.
(L.S.)
(L.S.) ·