Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Photographing and Reproducing Objects in Motion.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Photographing and
Reproducing Objects in Motion.
(A communication from AMBROISE FRANCOIS PARNALAND, of 42, Boulevard Bonne
Nouvelle, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer.)
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for photographing
and reproduction and projection of animated scenes such as is described in the
Specification of English Patent No. 13642, of 1896.
These improvements chiefly relate to certain details in the construction of the
apparatus which in the main operate in same manner as described in the specifi-
cation referred to.
In the apparatus according to the present invention the film is unwound from
a transverse upper spindle and descends in its channel the front wall of which is
formed by a movable plate and the lower part of which terminates in a curved
mouth through which the film issues to be collected or wound up outside the
apparatus. The movable plate has in desired position a window or opening corre-
sponding to the opening of a fixed plate at the back of the film passage and to the
objective for photographing or for projection. It has moreover attached to it or
forming part of it an upper arched elastic plate which in an elastic manner presses
the film against the fixed plate of the channel by means of its lateral arms corre-
sponding to lateral sides of the opening thus ensuring perfect guiding of the
film and efficient working of the mechanism for moving it.
The movable plate is held against the film by means of intermediate and lower
bars and also by fingers with which it is provided and which projecting laterally
lie when the plate is in its correct position under projections at corresponding
edges of the channel so that said plate may be raised and disengaged only after it
has been moved forward and caused the elastic plate to bend in order to release
the fingers from the projections.
My arrangement of slide and pawl for moving the film remains the same as
well as the arrangement of the pawl with its spring, which owing to the vertical
reciprocating motion of said slide causes the successive movements and stoppages
of the film at a desired speed.
The vertical reciprocating movement of the slide is caused according to the
present invention by the continuous rotation of a crank disc to the pin of which
is connected another pin on the slide by means of a connecting rod. The crank
disc is secured on one end of a shaft the other end of which carries a wheel, on
the rim of which is fixed a sector forming the shutter for the objective. This
main shaft has moreover, keyed upon it, on the inside of the sector wheel a bevel
wheel to which rotary movement is imparted by a corresponding bevel wheel
n
077

page_text: carried by a shaft arranged horizontally and at right angles to the main shaft.
At the other end the second shaft carries a spur pinion gearing with a correspond-
ing spur pinion the ratio of the two wheels being chosen to produce the desired
speed of rotation of the main shaft with regard to the ratio of the bevel pinion and
bevel wheel.
The last mentioned spur pinion is keyed on to a shaft parallel to the shaft of
the other spur pinion and to which rotary motion is imparted by a crank handle
in any desired manner.
The herein before described parts are mounted on a bracket having a bearing
sleeve for the main shaft and also forming an arch surrounding the crank disc
within which it rotates freely. There is also in this bracket a bearing sleeve for
the second shaft at right angles to the other sleeve. On the same sleeve is
arranged a branch bracket for the shaft to which the crank handle is attached.
This single structure or bracket is secured by the legs of its arched part to the
corresponding widened portions of the lateral edges of the film channel so that
said channel and bracket form, so to say, one rigid piece thus aiding the efficient
working of the apparatus.
Thus joined and combined, the bracket and the channel forming parts are fixed
into a casing or box on the sides of which are arranged inside as well as outside
the parts for supporting moving and discharging the film for receiving the
objectives used for photographing or projecting the pictures and is also provided
with passages for the source of light which are closed when the apparatus is to
be used for photographing purposes.
Dated this 0th day of Vah 1407
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Photographing and
Reproducing Objects in Motion.
(A communication from AMBROISE FRANCOIS PARNALAND, of 42, Boulevard Bonne ;
Nouvelle, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer.)
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the photograph-
ing and reproduction of animated scenes such as is described in the Specification
of my correspondent's British Patent No. 13642 of 1896.
These improvements chiefly relate to certain details in the construction of the
apparatus which in the main operates in the same manner as described in the
specification referred to.
The apparatus according to the present invention is illustrated in the accom-
panying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation, Figure 2 a section on
line XY of Figure 1, Figure 3 a plan of Figure 1 in horizontal section on the
line XYFigure 2, and Figure 4 is a detail-view of the plate for retaining the
film in its channel in an elastic manner.
With reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3 it will be seen that the film D is unwound
from a transverse upper spindle E and descends through a channel F the front
wall of which is formed by a movable plate G and the lower part of which

page_text: terminates in a curved mouth H through which the film D issues to be collected
or wound up outside the apparatus. The movable plate G shown in detail in
Figure 4 has in desired position a window or opening I corresponding to the open-
ing I of a fixed plate at the back of the film passage F and opposite the objective J
for photographing or for projection. It has moreover attached to it or forming
part of it an upper arched elastic plate K which in an elastic manner presses the
film against the fixed plate of the channel F by means of its lateral arms K K¹
corresponding to the lateral sides of the opening I, thus ensuring perfect guiding
of the film and efficient working of the mechanism for moving it.
The movable plate G is held against the film D by means of lower bars L and
intermediate bars L' Figure 2 and also by fingers or projections M M with which
it is provided, and which projecting laterally lie when the plate is in its correct
position, under projections N N at corresponding edges of the channel F, so that
said plate may be raised and disengaged only after it has been moved forward,
and caused the spring plate K to bend in order to release the fingers N from the
projections N.
The arrangement of the slide 0 and the pawl Q for moving the film remains the
same as in my correspondent's former patent, as well as the arrangement of
the pawl Q with its spring R which owing to the vertical reciprocating motion
of said slide O causes the successive movements and stoppages of the film D at a
desired speed.
The vertical reciprocating movement of the slide 0 is caused according to the
present invention by the continuous rotation of a crank-disc A to which is attached
by means of a pin B a connecting rod D¹ engaging with another pin C on the
slide O. The crank-disc A is secured on one end of a shaft P the other end of
which carries a wheel S to the rim of which is fixed a sector S¹ forming the
shutter for the objective. This main shaft P has moreover, keyed upon it, on the
inside of the sector wheel S a bevel wheel U to which rotary movement is
imparted by a corresponding bevel wheel U¹ carried by a shaft V arranged hori-
zontally and at right angles to the shaft P. At the other end said shaft V carries
a spur-wheel V₁ gearing with a corresponding wheel V the ratio of the two
wheels being chosen to produce the desired speed of rotation of the main shaft P
with regard to the ratio of the bevel pinion and bevel wheels U U¹
The spur pinion VI is keyed on to a shaft W parallel to the shaft V and rotary
motion is imparted to it by means of a crank-handle W¹ in any desired manner.
The herein before described parts are mounted on a bracket Ws having a bearing
sleeve Vs for the shaft P and also forming an arch V4 surrounding the crank-disc A
within which it rotates freely. There is also in this bracket a bearing-sleeve V5
for the shaft V at right angles to the sleeve V³. On the same sleeve V5 is arranged
a branch-bracket Vo for the shaft W.
This single structure or bracket W2 is secured by the legs V7 of its arched
part V to the corresponding widened portions V8 of the parts forming the lateral
edges of the channel F so that said channel F and bracket W² form so to say one
rigid piece, thus aiding the efficient working of the apparatus.
Thus joined and combined, the bracket W and the channel forming parts F
are fixed into a casing or box Y2 on the sides of which are arranged, inside as
well as outside the parts for supporting, moving and discharging the film, for
receiving the objectives used for photographing or projecting the pictures, and it
is also provided with openings for the passage of light which are closed when the
apparatus is to be used for photographic purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In apparatus for photographing reproducing and projecting scenes of objects
in motion comprising parts forming a vertical passage for the film, including a
movable plate G and terminating at the lower end in a curved outlet H for

page_text: guiding the film out of the apparatus, said plate G being provided with an open-
ing I corresponding to an opening I made in the fixed plate at the back of said
passage F, substantially as described.
2. In apparatus for photographing, reproducing and projecting scenes of objects
in motion a movable plate & held in the position in which it presses against the
film by means of bars H' and fingers M, the latter cooperating with projections NN
on the corresponding edges of the passage F, said plate having an upper bent
elastic plate or portion K provided with lateral extensions K¹ K¹ corresponding
to the lateral edges of the opening I and exercising elastic pressure on the film;
substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. In apparatus for photographing, reproducing and projecting scenes of objects
in motion of the character described a slide O provided with a finger Q acted upon
by a spring R and adapted to engage with the film and progressively feed it
forward by reason of its vertical reciprocating movements produced by the con-
tinuous rotation of a crank-disc A to which the sleeve is connected by means of a
link D, and pins B and C, said crank-disc being actuated by the rotation of a
shaft P which also carries a wheel S provided with a sector plate S' constituting
the shutter for the objective, substantially as described.
4. A single bracket comprising a socket for the shaft P an arched portion V
surrounding the crank disc A a socket V³ for a shaft V said socket V being at
right angles to the other socket and comprising a branch support for the driving
shaft W substantially as described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
uppuruius for use in photographing, reproducing and projecting scenes of objects
in motion substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
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