Improvements in Apparatus for Forming and Moulding the Necks of Bottles, and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 29th Oct., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Forming and Moulding the Necks
of Bottles, and the like.
We, EDMUND HOFFMAN, of 69, East Avenue, Bridgeton. Machinist; ROBERT
PORTER FRIST, of York and Moore Streets, Bridgeton, Pattern Maker, and CHARLES
EWING ELMER WHITELEY. of 65, Broad Street, Bridgeton, Secretary of The Whiteley
Company, all of Bridgeton, Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States of
America; WILLIAM GUSTAVUS WHITELEY, of 800, West Street, Wilmington, New
Castle County, Delaware, United States of America, Manager of the Whiteley
Company, and HENRY WHITELEY, of 3803, Spruce Street, City and County of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Iron Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention relates to apparatus for finishing the necks of glass vessels and has
for its object particularly to provide improved means for, forming on the outside of
the bottle neck devices for engaging with a cap.
The leading feature of our invention consists in providing a separable and rotatable
mould for forming the outside of the bottle neck, in combination with an expansible
and non-rotatable pair of fingers arranged to act upon the inside of the neck and to
push the metal into the mould. It is also an important feature of our invention
that the means acting upon the separable part of the mould close and open it and
the means acting upon the fingers to expand and contract them should be so
arranged that the rotatable sectional mould will be closed before the fingers expand,
and that the fingers should be contracted or closed together before the mould is
opened, and it is a matter of great practical importance that the mechanism for
actuating the mould sections and expansible fingers should be put in operation by a
single hand movement.
The nature of our improvements, and particularly the details of the mechanism
in which we have embodied our invention in what we believe to be its best and
most practical form will be best understood as described in connection with the
drawing in which it is illustrated, and in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hand tool provided with our improvements and
shown partly in longitudinal section, as on the line 2-2 of Fig. 2.
Figure 2 is an edge view, so to speak, of the tool.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken as on the section line 1-1 of
Fig. 1.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the central stem of the tool.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the expansible fingers.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the sectional mould showing the parts in the same
section as in Fig. 1 but closed together.
Figure 7 is a cross-section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 6.
Figure 8 is a cross-section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.
Figure 9 is a view of a detail of the mechanism showing the employment of balls
to diminish friction, and

page_text: Figure 10 is a partly sectional side elevation illustrating a modification in the
actuating cam for the sectional mould.
A is the end piece of the tool, to the centre of which is secured the central rod B,
the outer end of which is enlarged, as shown, into the cylindrical stem B1 haring
formed in it the longitudinal slot B2, and near its upper end being provided with a
ring like flange B³. To each side of the end piece A are hinged the grip levers C C,
the pivotal connections with the end piece being indicated at C¹ C¹ and the upper
ends of the levers being provided, as shown, with pins C2 and C³ secured to inwardly
projecting arms, as shown in the drawings. D is a spring acting to normally keep
the grip levers C C expanded, that is, in the position shown in Fig. 1 of the draw-
ings. E is a cylindrical sleeve sliding on the lower part of the stem B¹ and provided
with a circumferential flange E¹. F is another cylindrical sleeve provided at its
lower end with a sleeve like extension F1 which fits over the top of the sleeve E, as
shown, and is secured thereto in any convenient way, as by the screws F2 F2. The
sleeve F is provided with two oppositely disposed outwardly projecting lugs F3 F³ in
which are formed the cams F4 F4. Gis an annular ring fitting on the sleeve E and
between the flange E¹ of this sleeve and the edge of the flange F1 of the sleeve F.
Preferably though not necessarily, the sleeve G is formed as shown in Fig. 9 with
channels at top and bottom to receive and hold balls L L so that its bearing upon
the sleeve E and against the flange E¹ and F1 will be what is familiarly known as a
ball bearing. The ring is provided with oppositely disposed outwardly extending
lugs G¹ G¹ (see Figs. 1 and 8) in which lugs are secured pins G2 G2 and the pins G2
and G³ are connected by links H H, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8, so that as the grip
levers CC are moved together the ring G will be moved upward carrying with it
the sleeves E and F, but without interfering with the freedom of these sleeves to
turn freely on the stem B¹. I is an annular ring fitting on the stem B¹ below the
flange like ring B³. J is a sleeve fitting over the flange ring B3 and secured to the
ring I as by screws J1 J', said sleeve J having formed or attached to it an inwardly
projecting flange, as indicated at J2, which rests upon the top of the flange ring B³,
the arrangement being such that the ring I and the sleeve can turn freely, but are
so engaged by the flange ring B³ as not to be movable longitudinally on the stem B¹.
As shown, a sleeve J³ is secured to the upper part of the stem B¹, as by screws J³,
and has formed upon its upper end, in position to be flush with the end of the
stein B¹, an outwardly extending flange J' which serves as a stop and gauge for the
bottle neck when inserted in the mould. It is not necessary however that this sleeve
should be rigidly fastened to the top of the stem, and if preferred it may be made as
a part of and movable with the sleeve J. Jo Jo indicate oppositely disposed out-
wardly extending lugs formed on the ring J and provided with pivot pins J7, as
shown. K K indicate the separable halves of the mould, each half is secured on the
end of a lever K¹, and the said levers are pivoted on the pins J7 J7, as shown, and have
at their lower ends friction rollers K² arranged to lie in the cams F* F*. In order to
cause the mould sections to fit nicely together when closed, it may be desirable in
some cases, to employ a registering device, such, for instance, as is indicated in the
drawings where K3 K³ indicate slots formed on the outside of one mould section K,
and K K tongues formed in the registering mould section and adapted to engage in
the slots K³, as indicated, (see Fig. 7). M M indicate pivot pins placed side by
side and extending through the slot B2 of the stem B' and upon these pins are
pivoted the expanding fingers N N¹ N N¹, the upper ends N N of which lie between
the mould sections, as shown, while to the lower ends of the fingers are formed or
secured outwardly expanding heels N2 N2 preferably provided with slots N³ as shown.
The pins C2 C2 attached to the grip lever C passing through these slots.
The heels of the levers are also provided as shown with notches N N with which
are engaged springs D¹ D₁ acting to normally press the heels apart and close the
active ends N N of the fingers together.
The normal position of the parts is that shown in Fig. 1.
When it is desired to use
the tool for forming the necl of a bottle the operator, preferably, first compresses the
the grip lever CC, forcing through the links H H the ring G and the sleeves E and F

page_text: upward on the body of the stem B1 and by the upward motion of the cams F* F*
forcing out the lower ends of the levers K¹ and closing the mould sections K K
together. The slots N³ in the heel extensions N2 of the expansible fingers permit
the closing of the mould to take place without affecting the position of the fingers N N
and when the mould sections are closed the operator introduces the neck of a bottle
between them engaging its position by the contact of the top of the bottle with
the flange J, then further compressing the levers CC, the pins C² act against the
heel extensions №2 of the levers forcing the ends N¹ together and the ends N N apart,
and while applying a graduated pressure by the expanding fingers to press the metal
out into the inoulds K K the bottle is rotated around the fingers carrying with it the
mould which together with the ring J upon which it is secured and pivoted, and the
rings E and F by which it is secured are opened and closed can turn freely around
the stem B within which the lower part of the expanding fingers are situated. In
the case of a hand tool, such as shown in the drawings, the rotation of the bottle and
mould with its attached portions is effected by rolling the bottle over a board and by
the simple means of a backward and forward sweep of the tool. As soon as the neck
of the bottle has been properly formed the operator relaxes his grasp upon the grip
levers C which, in moving apart, first permit the fingers N N to close together and
then drawing down the cams F* effect the separation of the mould sections and the
relaxation of their grasp upon the formed bottle neck which can be removed and the
tool is then ready for service with another bottle,
In place of using closed cams as F4 F, mould section actuating cams such as are
indicated in Fig. 10, may be used; in this case the levers K¹ are shown as pivoted
at J7 on lugs extending out from the ring J which is very considerably prolonged
and a sleeve f, slotted, as indicated at f2, to give passage to the lugs j, is provided
with cams ff arranged to act upon cams 2 k² on the lever K', as indicated. This
figure is only shown to illustrate another obvious modification of the particular
apparatus illustrated in the main drawing.
It will be understood that in its essential features our invention is adapted for use,
not only with hand tools, but with what may for contrast, be called, machines, in
which the various parts are secured to a stationary frame, and it must also be clearly
understood that the said mechanisın illustrated in our drawings is exhibited simply
as the best form for embodying our invention, the particular devices being capable
of considerable modification without departure from the spirit of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In a machine for forming and moulding the necks of bottles, a separable and
rotatable mould for forming the outside of the neck in combination with expansible
but non-rotatable fingers for forming the inside of the neck and forcing the metal
into the mould.
2. In a machine for forming and moulding the necks of bottles, a separable and
rotatable mould for forming the outside of the neck in combination with expansible
but non-rotatable fingers for forming the inside of the neck and forcing the metal
into the mould and means for operating the mould sections and fingers arranged as
specified to first close the mould and then expand the fingers.
3. In a machine for forming and moulding the necks of bottles, a slotted cylindrical
stem in combination with fingers pivoted in said stem and extending beyond the end
thereof, a collar secured on the outside of the stem as described and so as to turn freely
thereon, separable mould sections pivoted on the collar aforesaid and means for
expanding the fingers and closing the mould sections.
4. In a machine for forming and moulding the necks of bottles, a slotted cylindrical
stem in combination with fingers pivoted in said stem and extending beyond the end
thereof, a collar or ring secured on the outside of the stem as described and so as to
turn freely thereon, separable mould sections pivoted on said collar or ring J, a ring F
arranged to both turn and slide on the stem, cams secured to said ring F and arranged

page_text: to actuate the mould sections as the ring is moved up and down on the stem, and
means as described arranged to actuate said ring and also the fingers.
5. In a machine for forming and moulding the necks of bottles, a slotted cylindrical
stem in combination with fingers N N pivoted in said stem and extending beyond
the end thereof, a collar or ring J secured on the outside of the stem as described
and so as to turn freely thereon, separable mould sections pivoted on ring J, a ring F
arranged to both turn and slide on the stem, cams secured to said ring F and
arranged to actuate the mould sections as the ring is moved up and down on the stem,
a ring G arranged to turn on but move with ring F, levers C C pivoted at one
end to an extension B of the slotted stem, links H H connecting the free ends
of said levers with ring G and means also actuated by levers CC for expanding
fingers N N.
6. In a machine for forming and moulding the necks of bottles, a slotted cylindrical
stem in combination with fingers N N having extensions N1 N2 pivoted in said stem
and extending beyond the end thereof, a collar J secured on the outside of the
stem B¹ as described and so as to turn freely thereon, separable mould sections K K
pivoted on ring J, a ring Farranged to both turn and slide on stem B¹, cams secured
to said ring and arranged to actuate the mould sectioned as the ring is moved up and
down on the stem, a ring G arranged to turn on but move with ring F, levers CC
pivoted at one end to an extension B of the slotted stem, links H H connecting the
free ends of said levers with ring G and a pin and slot connection C2 N³ between the
ends of levers C and the heels N2 of the fingers.
Dated this 14th day of Sentember 1808
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,"Agents for the Applicants.