IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BORING OK DRILLING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elijah Enoch, of 26, Selby St., Hull, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR BORING OK DRILLING."
Sealed the 29th June 1875, and dated the 18th January 1875. .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Elijah Enoch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th January 1875.
I, ELIJAH ENOCH, of 26, Selby St., Hull, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BORING OR DRILLING," to be as follows:-
-
My Invention relates to portable machinery or apparatus which is
specially adapted for drilling or boring holes in the rails of permanent
way, the flanges of cylinders, valves, pipes, or columns, but which is
also applicable to a variety of general work, and it consists of an
improved combination of ratchet brace or other motion for turning a

page_text: drill with a cramp or fixture for securing it to the work to be operated
upon, whereby the weight and bulk of the apparatus are diminished,
great simplicity in attaching it to or removing it from the article to be
drilled is secured, and firmness and rigid resistance to the pressure
required for drilling with other advantages are obtained.
In carrying out my Invention I employ a cramp, one jaw of which
bears against one side of the flange or article to be drilled, whilst the
other jaw is provided with an adjustable or binding screw to be forced
against the opposite side of such flange or article, which is thereby
securely gripped or held between the two jaws. The jaw of the cramp
carrying the binding screw.has formed in it an aperture for the reception
of the drill holder which is capable of turning freely therein, but is
prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction with the drill. The
drill holder is made hollow throughout, and of a square or other angular
form in its interior, corresponding to the form of the drill, so as to cause
the drill to turn with it when the holder is operated in the manner
herein-after described. The drill is inserted at one end of the holder,
through which it slides as it is fed along under the action of a screw
working in such holder (and having its thread cut in the opposite
direction to that of the binding screw), and after forming the hole it :
passes out through the other jaw of the cramp which is provided with a
slot or aperture to admit of the passage of the drill. To the drill holder
there is secured the ratchet wheel of an ordinary or other suitable ratchet
brace, the frame of which brace carrying the pawl is supported by the
drill holder and cramp, so that when the brace is turned by a handle 2
with which it is provided, the drill holder will be rotated and with it the
drill, the latter being at the same time fed along in the manner herein.

page_text: The cramp may be made either solid or in two halves bolted together,
as desired. I propose to make the binding screw and the feed screw of
steel hardened at the points, and the drill holder may also be made of
steel or of wrought iron, case hardened if found desirable.
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Elijah Enoch in the Great Seal Patent Offico.
on the 17th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ELIJAH.
ENOCH, of 26, Selby Street, Hull, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her.
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs. and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Elijah Enoch, Her special
license, that I, the said Elijah Enoch, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Elijah Enoch, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term'
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
t IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BORING OR DRILLING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Elijah Enoch, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next.and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Elijah Enoch, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :-
My said Invention relates to portable machinery or apparatus which
is specially adapted for drilling or boring holes in the rails of permanent
way, the flanges of cylinders, valves, pipes, or columns, the skin of iron
ships, boilers, pipes, and fittings, but which is also applicable to a variety
of general work, and it consists of an improved combination of ratchet
brace or other motion for turning.a drill with a clamp or fixture for
securing it to the work to be operated upon, whereby the weight and
bulk of the apparatus are diminished, great simplicity in attaching it to
or removing it from the article to be drilled is secured, and firmness and
rigid resistance to the pressure required for drilling with other advantages
are obtained.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a side elevation of a drilling
apparatus constructed according to one mode of carrying out my said
Invention; Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 3 is a corre-
sponding plan of the same.
Figure 4 is a half side elevation and half vertical section showing a
modification of the arrangement, Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Figure 5 is a side elevation, and Figure 6 is a corresponding plan of a
further modification.
Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, A is a cramp, one jaw a of which
bears against one side of the flange or article B to be drilled, whilst the
other jaw bis provided with adjustable or binding screws c, c, to be
forced against the opposite side of such flange or article, which is thereby
securely gripped or held between the two jaws. The jaw b carrying the
binding screws c, c, has formed in it an aperture for the reception of the
drill holder C, which is capable of turning freely therein, but is prevented
from moving in the longitudinal direction with the drill. The drill
holder C is made hollow througout and of a square or other angular

page_text: form internally at its lower end corresponding to the form of the drill D
so as to cause the drill D to turn with it when the holder C is operated
in the manner herein-after described. The drill. D slides through the
holder C as it is fed along under the action of a screw E working in such
holder, which is tapped for its reception, and after forming the hole it.
passes out through the jaw a of the cramp A, which is provided with a
slot or aperture to admit of the passage of the drill D, as shewn by
dotted lines in Figures 1 and 3. The screw Ę is cut with a left-hand
thread, whereas the thread of the binding screws c, c, is a right-hand one.
F is a ratchet wheel of a ratchet brace which may be of any ordinary or
suitable construction; this wheel in the arrangement shewn in the
Drawing is represented as formed on the holder C which is inserted
through an aperture formed for its passage in the frame G of the brace,
á plate H also provided with an aperture being then placed over the
holder C and the ratchet wheel F, and attached to the frame G of the
brace by screws d or in any other suitable manner. The frame G which
carrics the spring pawl I engaging with the teeth of the ratchet wheel F,
and which in the operation of drilling rests upon and works in contact with
the upper surface of the jaw b, thus supports the holder so as to prevent
it from moving longitudinally, whilst admitting of its turning freely
within the jaw b during the forward motion of the brace when the
pawl I is actuating the ratchet wheel F, and also of the frame G and
plate H, turning freely around the holder C during their back motion,
when the pawl I is passing over the teeth of the ratchet wheel F.
It will be evident therefore that when the brace (which is operated by
means of the handle K) is turned in the direction of the arrows to cause
the pawl I to engage with the teeth of the ratchet wheel F, the drill
holder C by receiving a partial rotatory motion will impart a like motion
to the drill D, the latter being at the same time fed along by means of
the screw E in the manner herein-before described. The holder C is
provided with a flange e which works in contact with the lower portion
of the jaw b.
Figure 4 shews a modification of the preceding arrangement in which
the drill holder is composed of two parts, viz., the ratchet tube C and
the holder proper C¹. The holder C¹ carries the drill D, whereas the
tube C has a screw formed on its exterior with which engages the female

page_text: the interior of the tube C, so as to admit of the holder C₁ sliding freely
with the drill D when the nut E is turned, whilst ensuring the two
parts C, C, rotating together when the ratchet brace is operated. The
nut E may be attached to the holder C by means of a screw. g, which
arrangement admits of the drill being drawn from the work by turning
the feed nut in the reverse direction to that which is required in feeding
the drill forward.
In the modification shewn in Figures 5 and 6, the ratchet brace is
dispensed with, and an arrangement of worm and worm wheel is
employed for imparting motion to the drill. I' is an endless screw or
worm which is formed in one with or attached to a spindle h mounted
in bearings i, i, in lugs k, k, projecting from the jaw b of the cramp A,
and engages with a worm wheel F secured to the drill holder C. Tho
spindle is provided with a handle K by the act of turning which a
continuous rotatory motion is imparted to the drill holder C with its
drill D. The feed of the drill may be effected either in the manner
shewn in Figures 5 and 6, or by the means herein-before described with
reference to the arrangement, Figure 4.
Bevil gearing or other similar means for transmitting motion may be
substituted for the preceding arrangements, and employed in combination
with the cramp in the manner herein-before described, and the cramp
may in all modifications be made either solid or in two halves bolted
together as desired, and its bottom jaw may be so arranged as to be
capable of swinging round if it is required to bolt the apparatus to a
bench..
The binding screw or screws may be dispensed with in some cases if the
pressure put upon the drill is found sufficient to maintain the apparatus
in position. The binding screws when employed and the feed screw are
made by preference of steel hardened at the points; and the drill
holder may also be made of steel or of wrought iron casehardened if a
found desirable.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to 3
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the combination
with a ratchet brace, worm and worm wheel, or equivalent actuating

page_text: gearing or movement for turning the drill of a rigid cramp for securing
the apparatus to the work to be operated upon, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elijah Enoch, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of July,
One thousand eight-hundred and seventy-five.