Year: 1885

page_text: We, JEAN CHARLES SPACH and FRÉDÉRIC ALBERT SPACH, of Rothau, Alsace,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention has for its object the construction of a machine for
winding threads of all kinds either on reels or on tubes, or on cards or plates, and
which may without inconvenience work at a much higher speed than the known
constructions of machines for the same purpose.
We will now indicate the new principles on which the machine is based.
If two spindles are placed in the same plane and their axes forin together a
smaller or greater angle (this angle may vary considerably between 0° and 90°);
if, further, one of these spindles is pierced at its centre for the whole of its length
for the passage of the thread, and carries at the end facing the other spindle a
flyer of which the branches (which are provided with an eye or twirl to guide the
thread) project toward this second spindle to which the end of the thread is
secured; if the parts being thus arranged, the two spindles are caused to rotate in
the same direction so that the solid spindle turns at least twice as rapidly as the
hollow one which carries the flyer and which supplies the thread, the number of
turns of winding of the latter will be equal to the difference of the numbers of
revolutions of the two spindles.
That is to say that if while the hollow spindle makes one revolution the solid
spindle makes two, there will be one turn of winding on this latter; that if this
same solid spindle makes three revolutions, still for one revolution of the hollow
spindle, there will be two turns of winding; that if it makes four there will be three
turns of winding, and so on.
The fractions of a revolution above or below (if there are any fractions) will
give the advance or the backward movement of the thread ou the circumference of
the spindle.
If on the contrary the two spindles are caused to revolve in opposite directions
so that the solid spindle turns at least at the same speed as the hollow spindle
supplying the thread, the number of turns of winding on the solid spindle will be
equal to the sum of the number of revolutions of the two spindles.
For example, if for one revolution of the hollow spindle, the solid spindle makes
one revolution, there will be two turns of winding; if this same spindle makes two
revolutions, three turns of winding; if it makes three revolutions, four turns of
winding, and so on. The fractions of a revolution above or below will give the
advance or the backward movement of the thread on the circumference of the
spindle, as in the first case.

page_text: It results from the inclination of the axes of the two spindles, that during one
revolution of the flyer the eye or twirl with which it is provided and which guides
the thread will occupy in relation to the solid spindle the two extreme positions
and all intermediate positions. The thread always placing itself perpendicularly
to the axis of the solid spindle, the projection on this latter of the extremity of the
eye or twirl when the flyer is in the plane formed by the axis of the two spindles,
represents the extremities of the course or path of winding, that is to say the
length which is to be covered with the thread, and on which the number of turns
or twists is laid down; this course or path is therefore equal to a length which
varies according to the greater or lesser angle formed by the two spindles. In
other words the movement of the guiding eye or twirl in relation to that of the
solid spindle, may be considered as a to and fro movement of which the extent is
proportionate to the sine of the angle formed by the two axes; the greater this
angle, the longer the course or path, and the smaller the angle the more will the
course or path be reduced.
Since the course or path of winding is proportionate to the sine of the angle of
inclination, if it is desired to make a bobbin of which the extremities form a cone,
it will only be necessary to arrange so that the sine of this angle diminishes
gradually as the bobbin is being formed, so as to render the winding course or path
so much smaller as the operation approaches completion.
The angle must necessarily always preserve its apex at the same fixed point.
The to and fro movement imparted to the thread by the twirl or eye of the flyer
is a movement slower at the end and at the beginning of the course or path and
quicker in the middle.
It follows that the slant of the turns or twists on the bobbin is not so great at
the edge as at the middle.
This does not present any great inconvenience and our machine can operate
under these conditions. However we propose to render this movement more
uniform.
With this object we give a more rapid rotation to the flyer when it is in its
extreme positions and a slower speed as it comes to the intermediate positions.
We obtain this result by driving the hollow spindles carrying the flyers by means
of two elliptical gear wheels, which give the driven axle a varying speed in
accordance with the conditions above described.
On the other hand the angle formed by the turns or twists of thread with the
axis of the bobbin becomes less as the layers become shorter; this is easily under-
stood since the pitch of the helix-that is to say the interval measured on the axis
of the bobbin between the two extremities of a twist or turn-remains the same,
whether the diameter is small or large.
We can maintain this difference of slant or inclination of the twists or turns
within suitable limits by giving to the solid spindle a speed of rotation greater at
the beginning of the formation of the bobbin, and on the contrary slackening its
speed as such operation proceeds. In this manner the number of twists or turns
remains always about proportionate to the course or path.
This graduated variation of the speed of rotation between the commencement
and the end of the operation, offers yet another advantage besides making the slant
or inclination of the twists or turus uniform, that is, to permit the spindles to
revolve at a much greater average speed than could be done other wise, seeing that
the drag on the thread is thus more regular, since the solid spindle turns so
much less rapidly as it winds up more thread at each revolution, and reciprocally.
DIL
Desemba 100%

page_text: We, JEAN CHARLES SPACH and FRÉDÉRIC ALBERT SPACH, of Rothau, Alsace,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The present invention has for its object the construction of a machine for
winding threads of all kinds on reels or on tubes, or on cards or plates, and
which may without inconvenience work at a much higher speed than the known
constructions of machines for the same purpose.
We will first indicate the new principles on which the machine is based, and
afterwards give a detailled description of the mechanical arrangements by means of
which we carry the same into effect.
If two spindles are placed in the same plane and their axes form together a
smaller or greater angle (this angle may vary considerably between 0° and 90°);
if, further, one of these spindles is pierced at its centre for the whole of its length
for the passage of the thread, and carries at the end facing the other spindle a flyer
of which the branches (which are provided with an eye or twirl to guide the thread)
project towards this second spindle, to which the end of the thread is secured;
if, the parts being thus arranged, the two spindles are caused to rotate in the same
direction, so that the solid spindle turns at least twice as rapidly as the hollow one
which carries the flyer and which supplies the thread, the number of turns of
winding of the latter will be equal to the difference of the numbers of revolutions
of the two spindles.
That is to say that if while the hollow spindle makes one revolution the solid
spindle makes two, there will be one turn of winding on this latter; that if this
same solid spindle make three revolutions still for one revolution of the hollow
spindle, there will be two turns of winding; that if it makes four there will be
three turns of winding, and so on.
The fractions of a revolution above or below (if there are such fractions) will
give the advance or the backward movement of the thread on the circumference
of the spindle.
If on the contrary the two spindles are caused to revolve in opposite directions
so that the solid spindle turns at least at the same speed as the hollow spindle
supplying the thread, the number of turns of winding on the solid spindle will be
equal to the sum of the numbers of revolutions of the two spindles.
For example, if for one revolution of the hollow spindle, the solid spindle makes
one revolution, there will be two turns of winding; if this same solid spindle
makes two revolutions, three turns of winding, if it makes three revolutions, four
turns of winding, and so on. The fractions of a revolution above or below will
give the advance or the backward movement of the thread on the circumference of
the spindle, as in the first case,

page_text: It results from the inclination of the axes of the two spindles, that during one
revolution of the flyer, the eye or twirl with which it is provided and which guides
the thread, will occupy in relation to the solid spindle the two extreme positions
indicated at A and A¹in Fig. 6, and all intermediate positions. The thread always
placing itself perpendicularly to the axis of the solid spindle, the projection on this
latter of the extremity of the eye or twirl when the flyer is in the plane formed by
the axis of the two spindles, represents the extremities of the course or path of
winding, that is to say the length which is to be covered with thread, and on which
the number of turns or twists is laid down; this course or path is therefore equal
to the length a, a¹, Fig. 6, a length which varies according to the greater or lesser
angle formed by the two spindles. In other words the movement of the guiding
eye or twirl in relation to that of the solid spindle, may be considered as a to and
fro movement of which the extent is proportionate to the sine of the angle formed
by the two axes; the greater this angle, the longer the course or path, and the
smaller the angle the more will the course or path be reduced.
Since the course or path of winding is proportionate to the sine of the angle of
inclination, if it is desired to make a bobbin of which the extremities form a cone,
it will only be necessary to arrange so that the sine of this angle diminishes
gradually as the bobbin is being formed, so as to render the winding path or course
so much smaller as the operation approaches completion.
The angle must necessarily always preserve its apex at the same fixed point o,
Fig. 6.
The to and fro movement imparted to the thread by the twirl or eye of the flyer
is a movement, slower at the end and at the beginning of the course or path, and
quicker at the middle.
This does not present any great inconvenience and our machine can operate
under these conditions. However we propose to render this movement more
uniform.
With this object we give a more rapid rotation to the flyer when it is in its
extreme positions, and a slower speed as it comes to the intermediate positions.
We obtain this result by driving the hollow spindles carrying the flyers by means
of two elliptical gear wheels, which give the driven axle a varying speed in
accordance with the conditions above described.
On the other hand the angle formed by the turns or twists of thread with the
axis of the bobbin becomes less as the layers become shorter; this is easily under-
stood since the pitch of the helix-that is to say the interval measured on the axis
of the bobbin between the two extremities of a twist or turn-remains the same,
whether the diameter is small or large.
We can maintain this difference of slant or inclination of the turns or twists
within suitable limits by giving to the solid spindle a speed of rotation greater at
the beginning of the formation of the bobbin, and on the contrary slackening its
speed as such operation proceeds. In this manner the number of twists or turns
remains always about proportionate to the course or path.
This graduated variation of the speed of rotation between the commencement
and the end of the operation offers yet another advantage besides making the slant
or inclination of the twists or turns uniform, that is, to permit the spindles 'to
revolve at a much greater average speed than could be done otherwise, seeing that
the drag on the thread is thus more regular, since the solid spindle turns so much
less rapidly as it winds up more thread at each revolution, and reciprocally.
These are the new principles on which our machine is based. The description
that we have given will enable the following detailed description of the mechanical
arrangements by means of which we carry these principles into effect, and which
are represented in the drawings annexed to this Specification, to be readily
understood.
The machine represented in the drawings is arranged so as to automatically
obtain the gradual diminution of the angle formed by the hollow spindle with the
solid spindle, to permit of making bobbins with conical enda.

page_text: Further, it effects the continuous diminution in the speed of rotation of the solid
spindles as the formation of the bobbin proceeds.
It is finally provided with an elliptical gear wheel in order to cause the flyer to
rotate quicker when in its extreme positions than when in the intermediate positions,.
and thus produce a uniform inclination or slant of the turns or twists of the thread
on the bobbin.
As we have already stated, these three special features are not indispensable in
our machine, but it is however very advantageous to employ them.
Fig. 1 of the drawings is a complete front elevation of the machine.
Fig. 2 is a lateral elevation partly in section of one (B) of the three standards
carrying the operative parts. It is taken as looking at the left hand side of the
standard B, the standard A being supposed to be removed.
Fig. 3 is a similar view of the standard C, the standards A and B being supposed
to be removed.
Fig. 4 is a view of the right hand side of the standards A and B, the standard C
being supposed to be removed.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the slide R and the part X, which will herein-
after be fully described.
Fig. 6 is a diagram to which reference has been already made in the general
description.
Fig. 7 indicates a form of bobbin having conical ends and wound on a paper tube.
Fig. 8 shows a bobbin wound on a reel and made with inverted conical ends.
Fig. 9 finally, represents the winding of the thread on a plate or card.
All these modes of winding may be effected by our machine, which it will of
course be understood also permits of the formation of simple cylindrical bobbins.
The two standards A and B of the machine are connected together by & cast
iron frame F carrying the solid spindles H, H, H", etc., of which 6 are here shown,
but of which there may be any number. These spindles turn in the bearings or
sleeves D, D¹, etc.; they are actuated by double grooved pulleys K, K', etc., by
means of a cord which also passes round other double grooved pulleys I, I', etc., and
which makes two turns round each corresponding pulley.
The shaft L¹ on which the pulleys I are keyed is supported by two end
bearings S, S¹, and by a central bearing S". A cone M' is fixed on its right
hand side.
The three standards A, B, C, rest upon and are bolted to a frame formed by two
feet N, N¹, connected by two transverse girders O, O', and two tie rods of round
iron Q, Q. The standards B and C are further connected together by a tie rod r.
The two standards A and B support a frame E which can oscillate round its
trunnions e, e¹, carried at the top of the standards, so that this frame can describe
an arc of a circle of from about 0° to 80°. It is this movable frame which carries
the hollow spindles h, h¹, h¹¹, etc.
These spindles are pierced with a hole of sufficient diameter for the passage of
the thread, and they are formed in one with the flyers a, a¹, a¹¹, etc.; they turn in
the sleeves or bearings d, d', d, etc., and are driven by worm wheels k, k¹, 1,
which receive their movement from other worm wheels, i, i, ¹, having the same
number of teeth, and keyed on the shaft l.
The flyers a are provided with a guide twirl or eye of which the end must pass
exactly in the line joining the centres of the two trunnions e, e¹, of the movable
frame E.
The axes of the two kinds of spindles h and H must be in exactly the same
plane perpendicular to the line joining the centres of the trunnions e and e¹, and
their point of intersection must be exactly on this line e, e'.
On the driving shaft 7 above mentioned is keyed an elliptical gear wheel m
driven by a similar wheel m¹ fixed on the shaft L, which also carries a cone M,
driving pulleys P and a grooved cone c.
This shaft L is supported at its two extremities in bearings, the right hand one
in the top of the standard C, and the left hand one in the interior of the trunnion 6.

page_text: of frame E. It drives the shaft L by a strap capable of sliding longitudinally on
the cones M, M'.
A guide way G runs the whole length of the machine; it rests on the standards A,
B, C, to which it is secured by bolts or screws. In this guide way a slide R can
move, its function. being, as will be hereinafter described, to effect during the
building up of the bobbin the gradual change in the speed of rotation of the solid
spindles, and also the angle formed by these spindles with the hollow spindles.
The slide R is caused to travel from right to left by means of the screw V
actuated by a cord passing over the two grooved cones c, c¹. The cone c¹ turns
loosely on a stud and carries a wheel v', gearing with another wheel v keyed to
the screw V. The gearing can be changed according to the more or less rapid
advance which it is desired to give to the slide R; for the same purpose the
position of the cord on the cones and o may be also changed.
A part X is made in one with the slide R above mentioned, and enables the
latter to be connected to the screw V, or to be made independent thereof. This
piece fits over the top of the guide way G and is traversed at its lower end at the
height of the screw V, by an opening of rectangular section; in this opening two
screw threaded brasses or blocks can slide, and when they are forced against each
other they exactly fit over the screw and form a nut. These brasses or blocks can
be moved towards or away from each other by means of a right and left handed
screw, by turning the handle m". When they have been forced together the
slide R is connected with the screw V and is forced along by the latter when it
turns, while when they are separated so as to no longer engage the screw V, the
slide R can be drawn backward or forward to return it to its original position,
when about to begin the winding of a new bobbin.
The slide R carries a double fork Y guiding the strap which works on the
cones M, M¹, so that its movement by the screw V also causes the continuous
displacement of this strap, and consequently reduces the speed of rotation of the
solid spindles as the bobbin is built up and increases in diameter.
The slide R also carries a cam-shaped bracket or arm U, which by engaging
under the roller g which turns on a stud attached to the right hand arm of the
frame E, raises this frame as the slide R advances from right to left, thereby
diminishing the angle formed by the hollow spindles with the solid spindles, and
thus producing the conical ends of the bobbins.
The weight of the frame E is counterbalanced by a weight Cp suspended to a
cord passing over a small grooved pulley.
The frame E descends again when the cam-shaped arm or bracket U returns
from left to right with the slide R.
The cam-shaped arm or bracket U is changeable seeing that its form must
naturally vary according to the form to be given to the bobbins.
As will be seen in the drawings a table Z runs the whole length of the machine.
The large bobbins to furnish the thread to the machine are carried by a stand W,
on which they are arranged on pegs or pins placed in lozenge form, one opposite
each winding spindle.
The thread supplied by each of these large bobbins unrolls from the point,
passes over a bar (not shown in the drawings) supported by small columns Col,
proceeds under a rod T, then enters the hollow spindle, and thence passes through
the twirl or eye to be finally wound on the solid spindle.
When instead of winding the thread on paper tubes (Fig. 7), or on wooden reels
(Fig. 8), it is desired to wind it on cards or plates (Fig. 9), it is only necessary to
fix on each solid spindle two sheets of steel forming nippers, and between them the
card or plate is introduced.
As we have already stated three of the features above described could be
abolished, one being only necessary when it is desired to make the ends of the
bobbins conical; the object of the other two being simply to render the winding
more regular, whatever kind of bobbius are to be made, and not being indispensable
for the working of the machine.

page_text: Certain other details of construction might also be modified. For example, the
solid spindles might be driven by gearing instead of by cords. Again, instead of
causing the change in the inclination of the two kinds of spindles, for the purpose
of varying the length of the path of winding, by making the hollow spindles which
carry the flyers turn round a pivot, these might be allowed to remain always in
the same position, and the solid spindles be caused to turn round a pivot; the
result obtained being the same.
It may be observed that, on account of the fact that in our system the course or
path of winding of the thread is determined by the rotary movement of the flyer,
the changes in position of which increase or diminish the length of same, instead
of this course or path being produced by a rectilinear or curvilinear to and fro
movement, our machine operates with rotary movements only. It follows that it
can be driven at a much higher speed than any other winding machine. The
principles on which the machine is based have also the result that the solid spindles
themselves producing the winding, they can at will wind upon themselves any
number of spirals, or twists or turns, while the flyer makes one revolution.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A machine for winding any kind of thread on tubes, on reels, or on plates, in
which the winding is produced by causing two spindles to revolve in front of each
other, such spindles forming together an angle, and of which one winds round itself
the thread supplied to it by the other, which latter for this purpose is provided
with a flyer turning with it, and which determines the length of the course or path
of winding by the angle of the inclination of the two spindles, which may be
varied within very large limits, as well as the relative speeds of rotation of the
two spindles.
2. The gradual changing of the angle formed by the winding spindle and the
flyer spindle, by causing one of them to pivot round the apex of the angle, with
the object of progressively diminishing the length of the path or course of winding
of the thread as the bobbin is built up, and to thus give a conical form to the
extremities of the bobbin.
3. The employment of elliptical wheels for driving the flyer spindles, so as to
accelerate their rotation at the moments when the flyer and the thread are in the
plane of the two spindles, and to slacken it when they are in the plane perpen-
dicular thereto, for the purpose of rendering the inclination or slant of the turns or
twists of the thread uniform.
4. Driving the winding spindles so as to give them a rapid rotary movement at
the commencement of the work of forming the bobbin, and to gradually diminish
their speed as the diameter of such bobbin increases, for the purpose of rendering
the inclination or slant of the turns or twists of the thread, and also the drag,
more regular.
5. The manner above described of supporting and driving the flyer spindles,
consisting in mounting them on a frame E capable of turning round trunnions of
which the axis is situated at the apex of the angle formed by the said flyer spindles
and by the winding spindles, this frame E carrying a shaft on which are keyed
worm wheels gearing with similar worm wheels fixed on the spindles.
6. The combination of the screw V, the slide R, and the part X, which enables
the screw to be connected with the slide when desired, with the object of changing
the inclination of the frame E, and also to vary the speed of rotation of the winding
spindles, or to produce one only of these two effects, according to requirements.
7. The employment of a cam-shaped arm or bracket U fixed to the slide R, and
which passes under a roller gou the frame E, with the object of varying the
inclination of the latter.
8. The application to the slide R of a fork Y to gradually shift the strap on the
cones M and M', and thus diminish the speed of rotation of the winding spindles.

page_text: 9. Driving the screw V by means of cones, either with or without grooves, and
over which pass cords or a strap, and permitting the regulation at will of the speed
of rotation of such screw.
10. The method described of leading the thread to the winding spindles.
11. The general arrangement of the operative parts of the machine and of the
driving mechanism, substantially as above described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.