An Improved Apparatus for Crushing or Pulverizing Ores and other Substances.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 9th Dec., 1889-Accepted, 11th Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Apparatus for Crushing or Pulverizing Ores and other
Substances.
1, THOMAS ROWLAND JORDAN, of the firm of T. B. Jordan and Son, Engineers,
of 15 George Street, Mansion House, in the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus for crushing or pulverizing ores and other
substances.
The main object of the said invention is to provide a pulverizer which is simple in
construction and in which the wear and tear involved in the pulverization of the said
substances is minimized, and is concentrated upon, or confined to, parts which can be
easily removed and replaced at a small cost.
A further important object of my said invention is to provide for the pulverization
of a larger quantity of material in proportion to the power employed than is
practicable with the well-known crushing or pulverizing machines. I obtain this
result firstly by reducing as far as practicable the number of working parts and
frictional surfaces of the machine; secondly, by ensuring constant instead of inter-
mittent action upon the material to be crushed or pulverized; and thirdly, by
providing for constant and regular extraction from the machine of the car other
substance immediately it is reduced to the required fineness.
My improved apparatus comprises a receptacle or pan which is provided with a
circular crushing-path and is arranged to be rotated about an inclined axis.
In this
pan are placed heavy spherical mullers or balls, which, by the rotation of the pan,
are caused to roll and revolve about their axes on the said crushing-path. The ore or
other substance is fed into the said receptacle or pan, and is therein subjected to a
powerful crushing or grinding action between the said mullers or balls and the
crushing-path of the said pan.
The crushing-pan is preferably mounted on a strong shaft supported at its lower
end in a massive step or bearing and at its upper end in a bearing held in position by
a framing of wood or other suitable material. Rotary motion is imparted to the said
shaft and pan from a steam-engine or other motor by means of a belt and pulleys, or
in any other convenient manner.
I find it advantageous to make the central portion of the base of the grinding-pan
of conical form, and the sides of the said pan curved in transverse section. There is
thus formed within the pan and near its periphery a circular crushing path or channel
which is preferably fitted with a false-bottom formed in sections constructed of hard
steel, white cast iron or other suitable material, which sections will offer considerable
Within
resistance to the abrading action and can be readily replaced when worn..
the said crushing path or channel are placed the mullers or balls, which may also be
made of hard steel or white cast iron. The conical portion of the base of the pan is
provided with a sieve or grating and forms the outlet for the pulverized material from
the machine when sufficiently fine. The surface of this conical sieve or screen, by
reason of the inclination of the pan, is approximately horizontal at the upper side and
approximately vertical at the lower side.
Provision is made for the introduction into the pan, preferably at the upper side
thereof, of a jet or stream of water, which is so regulated and directed as to wash the
crushed or pulverized material over the upper side of the conical seive or screen the
finely reduced particles passing through and away from the machine and the coarse
particles passing down over the cone to the crushing path.
A suitable automatic feeding apparatus is; by preference, combined with the said

page_text: pan in such a manner that it will feed the ore or other material to be ground into the
aforesaid crushing path or channel.
I sometimes provide a circular trough or channel beneath the crushing-pan for the
delivery of the crushed material or slime.
Dated this 23rd day February 1889
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Apparatus for Crushing or Pulverizing Ores and other
Substances.
I, THOMAS ROWLAND JORDAN of the firm of T. B. Jordan and Son, Engineers,
15 George Street, Mansion House in the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to apparatus for crushing or pulverizing ores and other
substances.
The main object of my said invention is to provide a pulverizer of simple
construction in which the wear and tear involved in the pulverization of the
substances is minimized and is concentrated upon, or confined to, parts which can be
easily removed and replaced at a small cost.
A further important object of my said invention is to provide for the pulverization
of a larger quantity of material in proportion to the power employed than is
practicable with crushing or pulverizing machines heretofore used. I obtain this
result firstly by reducing as far as practicable the number of working parts and
frictional surfaces of the machine, secondly, by ensuring continuous instead of
intermittent action upon the material to be crushed or pulverized; and thirdly, by
providing for the constant and regular extraction or removal from the machine of the
ore or other substance immediately it is reduced to the required fineness.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in vertical central section of one form or
arrangement of my improved apparatus.
Figure 2 is a vertical central section showing another form or modification of the
said apparatus, and
Figure 3 is a similar view showing a further modification thereof.
Figure 4 is a vertical central section showing my improved automatic feeding
apparatus.
A is a receptacle or pan which is provided with a circular channel or crushing
path A and is fixed upon a strong shaft B arranged to be rotated about an inclined
axis. In this pan are placed heavy spherical mullers or balls C which, in the rotation
of the pan A, are caused by centrifugal force, and by gravity to roll and revolve about
their axes on the said crushing-path. The ore or other substance is fed into the said
receptacle or pan and is therein subjected to a powerful crushing or grinding action
between the said mullers or balls and the crushing-path of the said pan.
The shaft B, on which the crushing-pan is mounted, is supported at its lower end
in a massive step or bearing D and at its upper end in a bearing E held firmly in
position by a strong framing F of wood or other suitable material. B' is a pulley
firmly keyed or otherwise secured upon the shaft B. Rotary motion is imparted to the
said shaft and pan from a steam engine or other motor, by means of belt-gearing or
in any other convenient manner.
A suitable automatic feeding apparatus hereinafter described is, by preference,
combined with the crushing-pan in such a manner that it will feed the ore, or
other material to be ground, into the aforesaid crushing-path.
I find it advantageous to make the central portion A2 of the base of the grinding-

page_text: pan of conical form, and the sides of the said pan curved in transverse section as
shown. There is thus formed within the pan and near its periphery the aforesaid
circular crushing-path A'. The said crushing-path is preferably fitted with a false-
bottom a composed of sections or segments of hard steel, white cast iron or other
suitable material to resist wear and tear. The said sections or segments are so secured
in place that they can be readily replaced when worn. The mullers or balls C may
also be made of hard steel or white cast iron. The conical portion A² of the base
of the pan is provided with a sieve or screen and forms the outlet for the pulverized
material from the machine, when crushed sufficiently fine. The surface of this
conical sieve or screen, by reason of the inclination of the pan, is approximately
horizontal at the upper side and is suitably inclined at the lower side as shown in the
drawing.
Provision is, moreover, made for the introduction into the pan at one or more
suitable points of one or more jets or streams of water, which are so regulated and
directed as to wash the crushed or pulverized material over the upper side of the
said conical sieve or screen, the finely reduced particles passing through and away
from the machine, and the coarser particles passing down over the cone back to the
crushing-path. The upper edge of the pan is turned inward to prevent the escape
of the water or slime.
I sometimes provide a circular trough or channel G beneath the crushing-pan for
the delivery or discharge of the crushed material or slime. Brushes or scrapers may,
if desired, be provided for throwing the crushed material and water over the aforesaid
sieve or screen.
In using my improved machine, the pan is rotated at such a velocity that the
mullers or balls will be caused by centrifugal force and by gravity to exert a very
powerful grinding or crushing action upon any material between the same and the
crushing-path. The said mullers or balls will, moreover, by their vibration and by
striking against each other, very rapidly and effectually crush or grind the material
fed into the pan.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 2, the crushing-pan is provided with a conical
casing A³ for conducting the water and slime discharged from the said pan to a
central delivery aperture through which it will flow into the trough or channel G.
The crushing pan is, moreover, provided with a sheet-metal deflecting plate A* to
prevent the splashing or escape of the water over the edge of the said pan.
According to a further modification of my said invention, I provide for the with-
drawal of the crushed material from the machine by suction.
This arrangement is especially advantageous in the crushing of cement, artificial
manure, quartz and other substances in a dry state.
In the apparatus shown in Figure 3, the finely reduced particles are withdrawn by
suction through the main shaft B which is made hollow for this purpose, the air
current being induced by means of a suitable exhausting apparatus. The upper end
of the said shaft is connected with the exhaust or suction pipe H by a suitable joint
which, whilst preventing leakage, will permit rotation of the said shaft: The passage B²
through the said shaft communicates at its lower end with the crushing-path by means
of four or any other suitable number of channels or passages I. During the operation
of the machine, the crushed material is repeatedly thrown over in front of these
channels by means of suitable scrapers or brushes provided for the purpose. The fine
and light particles are drawn from the machine through the said channels I and
passage B2 and are conveyed through the pipe H to any convenient chamber.
In the case of dry-crushing, the crushing pan is, by means of a hood or cover A³,
completely closed with the exception of a central feed-aperture A around the shaft B.
Figure 4 illustrates my improved automatic feeding device. J is a hopper having
a hole J' for permitting the escape of the material therefrom, and secured to the
frame F. K is a channel, trough or chute one extremity of which is attached to the
said hopper J by means of a spring Land the other extremity of which is supported
by means of a short length of chain M secured to the frame F. The said channel,
trough or chute K is provided moreover with a pipe or spout N extending into the

page_text: pan A and with an extension O adapted to engage with inclined surfaces P¹ on a
cam P firmly secured to or formed on the shaft B. The pipe or spout N extends into
the highest part of the pan A so as to be out of the way of the mullers or balls.
Qis a plate for regulating the size of the hole or aperture J¹.
During the revolution of the shaft B the channel trough or chute will have an up
and down or shaking motion imparted to it by the action of the cam P so as to cause
the material falling through the hole J' in the hopper J to pass down the said channel
trough or chute K and through the pipe or spout N into the pan A.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood
that I claim.
First A pulverizer such as I have hereinbefore described, provided with one or
more mullers or balls and constructed in such a manner that the crushing will be
effected by the vibration, weight and centrifugal action of the said mullers or balls
and the crushed material discharged as above specified.
Second A pulverizer comprising a rotary pan provided with a circular channel or
crushing-path in which are arranged one or more mullers or balls and with a central
conical sieve or screen for the discharge of the pulverized material.
Third The combination of the pan provided with the crushing-path and with the
conical sieve or screen and one or more water supply pipes, all so constructed and
arranged that the water will wash the crushed material over the said sieve or screen
and any material not fine enough to pass through the said sieve or screen will be
returned to the crushing path, substantially as, and for the purposes, set forth.
Fourth-The combination, with the rotary crushing-pan and the sieve or screen, of
a conical casing for conducting the water or slime discharged from the said pan to a
central delivery aperture, substantially as described and represented in Figure 2 of
the drawings.
Fifth A pulverizer constructed with a rotary crushing-pan and provided with
suitable means for effecting the withdrawing of the reduced material by suction
substantially as described and represented in Figure 3 of the drawings.
Sixth-The improved pulverizer constructed substantially as described with
reference to Figure 1 or to Figure 2 or to Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings
and operating as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Seventh-The combination, with a pulverizer such as I have hereinbefore described,
of an automatic feeding apparatus substantially as described with reference to Figure 4
of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of December 1889.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.