Year: 1888

page_text: I VOLKMAR FÜRCHTEGOTT SCHUBERT Manufacturer of Prenzlau in the Kingdom of
Prussia and German Empire do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
This Invention relates to a machine for breaking stones that is to say reducing them
to a suitable size for use. in the construction of macadamized roads or other like
purposes, and enables the hand labour usually required to be dispensed with. This
machine is constructed with a series of hammers which are attached to the ends of
springs and are alternately lifted against the stress of the springs and allowed to fall or
rebound by the action of revolving arms as hereinafter described.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed 2 sheet of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents the machine in longitudinal and
vertical section.
Figure 2 represents a transverse section on the line X-X Figure 4.
Figure 3 is a side elevation and Figure 4 is a similar section to that repre-
sented in Figure 1 but showing the parts (springs and stone box) in a different
position.
Figure 5 represents the machine in plan.
The arrangement of the machine is as follows. The frame or support is carried on
four wheels on shafts or axles bands and is provided with handles by means of
which the machine can be wheeled from place to place. On the front axle is hinged
a stone box c having a perforated bottom d acting as a sieve a part of this bottom
situated directly over the axle & being formed with a hollow or deepening as indicated
in the drawing at e. This hollow or depression is provided with ridges or ribs f
CD 071

page_text: presenting sharp angles or edges and serving partly to strengthen or stiffen the bottom
and partly to assist in breaking the stones." The stone box c is also provided at this
end with two bars forming levers g by means of which the box is rocked or tilted with
an oscillating motion resulting from the action of the levers and the weight of the box
combined with that of the stones which it contains. These lovers are operated by
means of a shaft h arranged at the front end of the machine and carrying a series of
three armed levers or wipers provided at their extremities with anti-friction rollers &
which act upon the levers g. The shaft receives rotary motion from a driving
pulley n on a driving shaft o by means of a belt m working on a pulley on the shaft h.
The driving shaft o is provided at one end with a fly wheel g and crank handle p by
means of which it receives rotary motion which it transmits at a reduced speed to the
shaft hand arms i.
l
The stones that are to be broken are placed in the box c. The shaft or axle & forming
the point of support for the said box being situated near one end under the hollowe
the box by reason of its own weight added to that of the stones which it contains has
a constant tendency to fall back into the position indicated in Figure 4. In this
position one end of the box is supported by hooks which rest upon the hinder
axle s.
Rotary motion being imparted to the three armed levers or wipers i the anti-friction
rollers at their extremities come in contact with the levers g and depress the latter
thus gradually tilting the box c into the position indicated in Figure 1. This lifting
of the box produces a movement of the stones and causes the smaller pieces to fall
through the perforations in the bottom or sieve d.
The reduction or breaking of the stones in the box c is effected by means of a series
of hammers t each hammer being carried between the extremities of two blade springs u.
These springs are made of such a length that the hammers t are caused to fall upon
the grating formed by the angular ribs or projections in the hollow or depression e
in the stone box and act in the direction of the axle b so that the shock of the hammers
does not tend to displace the box. The hammers are lifted by the rollers on the
extremities of the arms the said rollers acting on the under side of the blade springs u
and lifting the hammer heads against the stress of the said springs which are bent by
the action of the wipers until they reach the position indicated by the dotted lines in
Figure 1. The springs then escape from the rollers & and fly back suddenly bringing
the hammer heads down with considerable force upon the lumps of stone lying on the
grating or ribs in the hollow e. The stones thus receive a smart blow on the upper
side and being forced down with corresponding force upon the angles of the ribs fare
readily split or broken.
The machine illustrated in the drawing is double acting that is to say it is a machine
provided with two sets of hammers and two stone boxes so arranged that when one set
of haminers is being lifted the other set is falling the boxes being also operated
alternately in like manner one box being in the position indicated in Figure 1 while
the other box is in the position indicated in Figure 4. The three armed levers or
wipers employed to operate the hammers and boxes are also arranged in two series
fixed on the shaft at an angle of 60 degrees relatively to one another as indicated in
Figure 3. Each box corresponds with three hammers carried by four springs u so
that each hammer is situated between two springs as indicated in the plan, Figure 5.
Each series of four springs is operated by a corresponding number of three armed
levers or wipers i. By means of this arrangement with the three armed levers or wipers i
set at an angle of 60 degrees as described the action of the machine is rendered more
regular and the strain is more equally distributed. Any slight irregularity in the
resistance is equalised by the action of the fly wheel g.
By means of this machine the work of stone breaking is greatly facilitated. Imme-
diately after the delivery of each blow of the hammers the stone box c is released by
the corresponding wiper i and descends bringing the hook down on the axle s. The
stones then roll down over the perforated bottom or sieve d and the small pieces
which have been reduced to the proper size fall through the perforations. The box is
thus cleared of the reduced material as fast as the latter is produced.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A machine for breaking stones for road making and other like purposes the said
machine being provided with springs u carrying hammers which by slowly rotating
three armed levers or series of wipers are first raised and then allowed to fall or rebound
and strike the stones lying upon the grating or angular support in the rocking stone
box c the said box being tilted or inclined during the rising movement of the hammers
in order to sift out or discharge the broken or reduced material through the perforated
bottom or sieve all substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in tho
accompanying drawings.
2. In a stone breaking machine arranged and operating as herein before described
and claimed the arrangeinent of the three armed levers or series of three wipers i for
simultaneously acting upon levers g to rock or tilt the stone box c and lifting the
hammers t carried by the springs u the said three armed levers or series of three
wipers receiving a slow rotary motion from a driving or crank shaft o all substantially
as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
1000