Improvements in Domestic and Pocket Filters.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1887
Complete Left, 12th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1887
Improvements in Domestic and Pocket Filters.
I PERCIVAL PHILIP KIPPING of 72 Bakers Row Mile End Now Town in the County
of Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the simplifying and cheapening the construction of
domestic and pocket filters and consists as applied to domestic filters of a removeable
pan or receptacle of earthenware or other suitable material with solid or non perforated
bottom for the reception of the filtering medium which constitutes a single undivided
mass. This pan or receptacle is fitted inside the upper part of an outer vessel, reservoir,
or filter case for the filtered water or in lieu of a removeable pan or receptacle a fixed
or removeable diaphragm alone for supporting the filtering medium may be fitted
across the filter case. The closed bottom of the removeable pan or the diaphragm as
the case may be is provided with one or more tubular nozzles which project upwards
or downwards or both upwards and downwards from the said bottom or diaphragm.
The said nozzle or nozzles is or are covered or closed by a straining cap of any
suitable porous or permeable material such as asbestos cloth tied thereon, or by a plug
of carbon porous stone or pottery felt sponge or the like inserted therein. The said
pan or the upper portion of the filter case is made without any divisions and is
partially filled with any suitable or well known filtering medium such as carbon
spongy iron manganese and the like either in the form of a solid block or in a loose
state and when loose the filtering medium is held down in its place by a removeable
perforated disc resting on the top thereof. I prefer to make the aforesaid nozzle or
nozzles in the pan bottom or in the diaphragm as the case may be in one piece
therewith to avoid unnecessary fitting and loose parts. The water to be filtered is
poured onto the top perforated disc and the filtered water is drawn off through a tap
at or near the bottom of the filter case as is well understood..
When arranged as a pocket filter only I dispense with the outer vessel or filter case
and make the container for the filtering medium closed on all sides and without
internal divisions or shelves and by preference of a flat circular form one side being
removeable and screwed thereon and provided with a packing or inner lining of rubber

page_text: to ensure a tight junction. On one side of the periphery of this closed circular
receptacle, which may be constructed of metal, porcelain, glass, or other suitable
material, form a tubular nozzle which projects outwards to form the suction mouth-
piece or drip tube of the filter and also projects inside the receptacle of the filtering
medium the inner projecting part of the nozzle being covered or closed as already
described with reference to the pan or diaphragm for supporting the filtering medium
of the domestic filter by a straining cap or plug of porous or permeable material, an
outer screwed cap or plug stopper being provided for closing the nozzle when carried
in the pocket. On the opposite side of the periphery of the aforesaid receptacle or
container a second nozzle is formed for the reception of a flexible tube through which
the unfiltered water gains access to the filtering medium, a removeable perforated
plate or strainer being fitted over the inner mouth of this inlet nozzle. The filtering
medium whether in a loose condition or in the form of a block is introduced through
the open side of the receptacle and the side cover is then screwed on to keep it in
position and maintain the receptacle water tight when the filter is ready for use.
Dated this 4th day of October 1887.

page_text: I PERCIVAL PHILIP KIPPING of 72 Baker's Row, Mile End New Town in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the simplifying and cheapening the construction of
Domestic and Pocket Filters and improving their action.
This invention has for its object the simplying and cheapening the construction or
Domestic and Pocket Filters and improving their action.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 of my drawings is a partial vertical section of a Domestic Filter embodying
my improvements.
Figure 2 is a modification of figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 are details hereinafter referred to.
Figure 5 is a full sized side elevation partly in section of a Pocket filter constructed
according to my invention one side of the filter case being left uncovered to show the
interior of the filter.
Figure 6 is a corresponding vertical section of the saine taken through the centre
thereof the suction or inlet tube being omitted, and Figure 7 is a full sized longitudinal
section of a modification specially adapted for use inside Military Water Bottles.
The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.
B is a removeable pan or receptacle of earthenware or other suitable material formed
with a solid bottom for the reception of the filtering medium which is introduced
therein in a single undivided mass as shown. This pan or receptacle is fitted inside
the upper part of the outer vessel or filter case A or in lieu of a removeable pan or
receptacle a fixed or removeable non-perforated diaphragm C (figure 2) may be fitted
across the filter case itself on the projecting ledge D for supporting the filtering
medium. The closed 'bottom of the removeable pan B or the diaphragm C as the case
may be, has formed in one piece therewith one or more short tubular nozzles E having
solid or unperforated sides projecting upwards from the said bottom or diaphragm
into the mass of filtering medium and having the mouth thereof closed by a plug or
stopper F (figures 1 and 2), of carbon, porous stone, or pottery, felt, sponge or the
like inserted therein or by a cover G (figure 3) of any suitable porous or permeable
material such as asbestos cloth or other good straining fabric tied thereon.
I sometimes form round the outer circumference of the said nozzle E a flange or
collar e (shown in figure 3) projecting into the surrounding filtering medium for the
purpose of diverting the liquid as it rises up the outer sides of the nozzle well into the
filtering medium, before reaching the lip of the nozzle.
The receptacle for the filtering medium is made by preference without any divisions
or trays to avoid unnecessary complication and is partially filled with an undivided
mass of any suitable or well known filtering medium such as carbon, spongy iron,
manganese, and the like in a loose state the filtering medium being prevented from
being agitated when the unfiltered liquid is poured in by a removeable perforated
disc H provided with knobs or handles c c and formed with notches a (figure 4) in its
periphery to pass over the snugs b which maintain it in position after it has been
turned slightly as is well understood.

page_text: I make the aforesaid non-perforated nozzle or nozzles E whether with or without a
flange e in one piece with the pan bottom, or with the diaphragm, as the case may be,
to avoid unnecessary fitting and loose parts and to effectually prevent leakage and I
make the sides of said nozzle solid or without any lateral perforations in order to
prevent access of the unfiltered water to the reservoir below, which would be the case
if the sides were perforated. The water to be filtered is poured onto the perforated
disc H and the filtered water is drawn off from the reservoir I, through a tap M at or
near the bottom of the filter case in the usual way.
In pocket filters I make the container or receptacle A for the filtering medium
(figures 5 and 6) without internal divisions or shelves and by preference of a flat
circular form one side e being removeable so as to screw on and off and provided with
a packing or inner lining of rubber to ensure a tight junction with the receptacle.
On one side of the periphery of this circular receptacle. A which may be constructed
of metal or other suitable material, I form in one piece therewith or I fit therein a
tubular nozzle E made without lateral perforations, which projects inwards into the
receptacle for the filtering medium and outwards to form the suction mouthpiece or
drip tube N of the filter. The inner mouth of this nozzle is covered or plugged as
already described with reference to the corresponding nozzle of the domestic filter
by a piece of asbestos cloth or other straining fabric tied thereon or by a plug F of
porous or permeable material as shown, an outer screwed cap or plug stopper being
provided for closing the outer nozzle or mouthpiece and preventing leakage when
carried in the pocket. On the opposite side of the periphery of the receptacle or
container A a second tubular nozzle I is fitted or formed projecting outwards for the
reception of the flexible tube O with its rose or strainer P through which the unfiltered
water gains access to the filtering medium, a removeable perforated plate or strainer H¹
being fitted across the inner mouth of this nozzle to keep the filtering medium in
position. The filtering medium is introduced through the open side of the receptacle A
and surrounds the nozzle E. The side cover e is then screwed on water tight and the
filter is ready for use.
If found desirable inwardly projecting deflectors d may be formed on the interior
of the sides of the removeable vessel B or of the filter case itself to direct the water
from the inner surfaces thereof into the filtering modium but as I am aware that these
deflectors & have already been proposed I lay no claim to them as forming any part of
my present invention.
In the modification (as drawn in figure 2) these deflectors should be in short lengths
and break joint with each other in lieu of extending in continuous rings round the
vessel and the diaphragm (figure 2) should be notched at its periphery to allow of its
passing the deflectors when being removed for the cleaning of the filter.
For convenience of manufacture the internally projecting outlet nozzle E and
suction mouthpiece or nozzle N in the pocket filter may be made in one piece
screwed or otherwise secured into the periphery of the filter case in lieu of being
made in one with the case itself provided care be taken to make a good joint to
prevent leakage.
In the modification figure 7 the portable filter case A is of metal of tubular form,
closed at each end by a removeable screwed cap and nozzle combined. The cap and
inlet nozzle I contain a strainer H¹ to prevent any escape of the filtering medium with
which the case is charged. N¹is the outlet nozzle and cap having an internal-tubular
nozzle E formed inside the cap, so as to project inside the mass of filtering medium
and plugged internally by a porous plug or stopper F or covered with a piece of
asbestos cloth as herein before described. d d are deflectors similar to those herein-
before referred to with reference to Figures 1 and 2 which I prefer to form inside the
filter case in order to deflect the water on its passage through it from the inner sides
of the case into the mass of filtering material contained therein which material may
be of the kind already indicated. To the outlet nozzle N¹ a flexible tube N¹ is
attached its opposite end being fitted with a suitable suction mouth piece N, by
preference of bone or ivory. The body of the filter is dropped freely inside the
water bottle and the suction mouthpiece N is passed through the lid or cover of the

page_text: "bottle" or water vessel so as to be conveniently accessible to the mouth of the
user. On sucking at the mouthpiece N the water in the vessel will be drawn up through
the nozzle I and filtered by the filtering medium in the case A. The screwed caps at
each end of the case A should be provided with packing leathers to make the joints
tight. Filters of this construction can be readily taken to pieces for cleaning and
re-charging when required.
I am aware that Domestic Filters have been proposed wherein an inner projecting
hollow cone or boss perforated all round its sides to the base thereof is formed on the
bottom of the receptacle for the filtering medium but such filters are costly and
difficult to manufacture in earthenware and are defective in their action in as much as
they do not prevent a portion of the unfiltered liquid (namely that which flows between
the filtering medium and the inner surfaces of the sides and bottom of the receptacle
thereof) from gaining access through the aforesaid lateral perforations in the cone or
boss to the reservoir for filtered liquid below and therefore I lay no claim to such an
arrangement as forming any part of my said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In that class of Domestic Filters wherein the filtering medium is contained in a
separate removeable vessel disposed inside the upper part of the filter case, an
inwardly projecting tubular nozzle or nozzles having solid or unperforated sides made
in one piece with the closed bottom of the said vessel and provided or not with an
outwardly projecting flange or collar e and plugged by a plug or stopper of porous
stone or permeable material or closed by a covering of asbestos cloth or other suitable
fabric secured over the upper mouth thereof as specified and illustrated by figures 1 and
and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
2. A Domestic Filter wherein the filtering medium is supported inside the filter
case itself by a non-perforated diaphragm or tray having an upwardly projecting
tubular nozzle or nozzles with solid or unperforated sides made in one piece with the
said diaphragm or tray and with or without the flange or collar e, said nozzle or
nozzles being closed by a plug or stopper of porous stone or permeable material, or
by a covering of asbestos cloth or other suitable fabric secured over the upper mouth
thereof as specified and illustrated by figures 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. In portable or pocket filters the combination with the filter case of an internally
projecting tubular outlet nozzle having solid or unperforated sides communicating
directly with a suction tube or mouthpiece and closed at the inner end by a plug or
stopper of porous stone or permeable material or by a covering of asbestos cloth or
other suitable fabric secured over the inner mouth thereof as herein before described
and illustrated by figures 5, 6, and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In portable filters adapted for use inside Military Water Bottles the combination
with a tubular filter case containing the filtering medium of tightly fitting screwed
caps formed in one with the inlet and outlet nozzles respectively the cap of the outlet
nozzle having an inner projecting tubular nozzle with non-perforated sides formed in
one therewith and that of the inlet nozzle provided with a perforated metal or other
strainer as herein before described and illustrated by figure 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
TL: 10L
Naben 1007