IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS."
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Morris, late of Broughton, Salford, in the
County of Lancaster, but now of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Morris at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th October 1858.
..
I, JOHN MORRIS, of Broughton, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS. FOR PRINTING FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
Hitherto in the manufacture of rollers or cylinders for printing purposes it
has been the practice to fit them to a fac-simile of the mandrel, or axis upon
which they are placed when used by the printer by a process of hammering.
The roller or cylinder being placed on the mandrel while its exterior. is
hammered or swaged till the mandrel is completely fitted, this process being
one requiring much time, care, and labour. Now, my Invention consists in
substituting for this hammering process a "drawing process," by which the
fitting of the interior bore of the rollers, or cylinders to fac-similes of the

page_text: printer's mandrels is rapidly, evenly, and completely effected, and with great
economy of labour. I need not describe the "drawing process," or the means
by which it is accomplished, as this is well known and understood, being used
in the manufa
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, file
by the said John Morris in the Great Seal Patent Office on th
29th April 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOH
MORRIS, late of Broughton, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, but now o
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Morris, Her special license that I, the said John Morris, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Morris, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Morris, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Morris, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Hitherto in the manufacture of rollers or cylinders for printing purposes, it
has been the practice to fit them to a fac-simile of the printer's working
mandrel or axis upon which they have to be placed when used for printing by
à process of hammering, which the roller or cylinder is subjected to by its

page_text: exterior being hammered or swaged until it is accurately fitted to the said
mandrel, this process requiring much time, care, and labor. Now, my
Invention consists in substituting for this hammering or swaging process, a
drawing process, by which the fitting of the interior bore of the rollers or
cylinders to fac-similes of the printer's mandrels is rapidly, evenly, and com-
pletely effected, and with great economy of labour. The processes of
manufacture in preparing rollers or cylinders, both before and after the fitting
process herein-before referred to, may be the same as those in ordinary use, as
my improvements refer only to this fitting process in the manufacture of
rollers or cylinders for printing fabrics.
I accomplish the object of my Invention by two modes of drawing.
First, by having the interior bore of the roller or cylinder left smaller than
that part of the mandril upon which it is to be fitted (the mandrels are
generally made taper) and elongating the roller or cylinder on the mandrel by
the drawing process till it covers that part upon which it is to fit.
Second, by having the interior bore of the roller or cylinder left larger than
that part of the mandrel upon which it is to fit, and closing in the roller or
cylinder by the drawing process till it fits accurately upon the mandrel.
The process of drawing is well understood and need scarcely be described,
but the accompanying Drawing will better illustrate the means by which I
carry my improvements into effect though I do not confine myself to the
particular arrangements shewn.
Fig. 1 shows a front elevation of a portion of a "draw bench," parts
represented in section, and shows the arrangements for fitting rollers or
cylinders to mandrels according to the first method, when such roller or
cylinder requires to be elongated on the mandrel. a is the mandrel having
its end secured in the draw carriage b, which is actuated by a screw c, or
other means; e is the roller or cylinder to be fitted to the mandrel; and
f the die for giving the external diameter to the roller or cylinder, and through
which it is drawn; g the bench carrying the whole of the apparatus. The
second method for closing rollers or cylinders so as to fit accurately upon the
mandrel, is shewn by Fig. 2, which is also a front elevation of a portion of a
draw bench, parts represented in section. The mandrel (a) upon which the
roller or cylinder c is to be fitted, is secured by a cotter or otherwise to a
standard h fixed to the bench g, and the draw carriage b is attached to rods.i,
which are connected to the collar j, the bore of which is larger in diameter
than the mandrel (a); this forces the roller or cylinder (c) through the die (f)
which gives the external diameter of the roller or cylinder, and closes it down
upon the mandrel. In both methods of drawing I recommend that the rollers

page_text: or cylinders be marked when drawn upon and fitted to the mandrel, and
afterwards cut to the exact length required when removed from the mandrel.
My Invention refers not only to the fitting of new rollers or cylinders for
printing purposes to fac-similes of the printer's working mandrel, but to the
refitting of old rollers or cylinders, that is, such as have been used in the
process of printing, whether such rollers or cylinders require to be fitted to
mandrels of larger or smaller diameter than the bores of such old rollers or
cylinders.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention and the
modes by which it may be carried into effect, and wish it to be understood that
I claim as my Invention the fitting of rollers or cylinders for printing fabrics
to fac-similes of the printer's working mandrel or axis by a process of drawing,
being a substitute for the process of hammering or swaging hitherto employed
for accomplishing the same purpose.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Morris, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
JOHN MORRIS. (L.S.)