Improvements in and connected with Nozzles for Converting Liquids into Spray.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 17th May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Nozzles for Converting
Liquids into Spray.
1, GEORGE GATTON MELHUISH HARDINGHAM, of 191, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention (a communication to me from abroad from Georgo Arthur Goyder,
Analytical Chemist, and the Honorable David Murray, Member of the Legislative
Council of South Australia, both of Adelaide, in the Province of South Australia,).
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to nozzles for the production of spray; the same being
applicable for use in garden-watering apparatus, fountains, revolving lawn-waterers,
spray-condensers for steam engines, spray-producers for chemical works, as scent-
dispersers or insect-exterminators, for shower baths, as jets for illuminating or
heating, and the like.
A nozzle constructed in accordance with the present invention comprises a conical
tube, in which the outlet orifice is formed, and a flanged cylindrical tube, to which
the hose or supply-conduit is attached. The conical tube is provided with a recess
for the reception of the flange on the other tube; the latter being held in place
A washer of leather or suitable
by a gland-nut screwed upon or into the former.
material is placed between the gland-nut and the flange; the nut being so adjusted
as to permit of the conical tube turning freely but rather stiffly on the cylindrical
tube. In the conical tube and at right-angles to the axis thereof is mounted a
diaphragm or plate containing two or more holes; a second and similar diaphragm
The one
or plate being pivoted to the first by means of a central rivet or screw.
diaphragm is thus capable of being rotated on the face of the other; the arrange-
ment being such that the relative positions of the two sets of holes may be varied
and the communication between the cylindrical tube and the conical tube fully or
partially opened or wholly cut off. The pivoted diaphragm is provided with two
projecting studs which fit in corresponding recesses in the flanged end of the
cylindrical tube; so that, when the conical tube is rotated upon the cylindrical
tube, the pivoted diaphragm is held and prevented from rotating.
It is preferred to employ from two to eight holes in each diaphragm placed close
to the circumference thereof and equidistant from one another. The collective area
of the holes in each diaphragm should be rather more than the area of the outlet
orifice. The holes in each diaphragm may be countersunk on the face which is
opposite to that in contact with the other diaphragm. The thickness of each
The larger
diaphragm should not exceed half the diameter of one of the holes.
the number of holes employed, the finer is the spray produced.
In the construction hereinbefore described, the pressure of the water or other
liquid forces the one diaphragm against the other, thus preventing leakage when,
upon turning the nozzle to the required extent, communication therethrough is cut
off. It will, however, be obvious that, instead of mounting the two diaphragms in
Under such
the conical tube, one of the diaphragms may be fixed in each tube.
circumstances, the central pin whereby the one diaphragm is pivoted to the other
is dispensed with; but the pressure of the water or other liquid has a tendency to
force the two diaphragms apart, leakage resulting.
Dated the 16th day of July 1889.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Nozzles for Converting
Liquids into Spray.
1, GEORGE GATTON MELHUISH HARDINGHAM, of 191, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention (a communication to me from abroad from George Arther Goyder,
Analytical Chemist, and the Honorable David Murray, Member of the Legislative
Council of South Australia, both of Adelaide, in the Province of South Australia,)
and in what manner the same is to he performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to nozzles for the production of spray; the same being
applicable for use in garden-watering apparatus, fountains, revolving lawn-waterers,
spray-condensers for steam engines, spray-producers for chemical works, as scent-
dispersers or insect-exterminators, for shower-baths, as jets for illuminating or
heating and the like.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 a longitudinal
vertical section of a nozzle constructed according to the present invention; Fig. 3 being
a transverse section on the line y y (Fig. 1), looking in the direction of the arrow,
and Fig. 4 an end view of the inner extremity of the conical tube. Fig. 5 is a longi-
tudinal vertical section shewing a slight modification in the construction; Fig. 6 being
a transverse vertical section on the line ar (Fig. 5).
The improved nozzle comprises a conical tube a in which the outlet orifice a¹ is
formed, and a flanged cylindrical tube b, to which the hose or supply-conduit is
attached. The tube a is provided with a recess for the reception of the flange on the
tube ; the latter being held in place by a gland-nut c screwed upon or into the
former. A washer d of leather or other suitable material is placed between the gland-
nut c and the flange; the nut being so adjusted as to permit of the conical tube
turning freely but rather stiftly on the cylindrical tube. In the tube a and at right-
angles to the axis thereof is mounted a diaphragm or plate a² containing two or more
holes as a second and similar diaphragm a perforated with holes a' (Figs. 3 and 4)
being pivoted to the first by means of a central rivet or screw a (Figs. 2 and 3).
The diaphragm a* is thus capable of being rotated on the face of the other diaphragm a²
the arrangement being such that the relative positions of the two sets of holes
and a may be varied and the communication between the tubes a and b fully opened,
as in Fig. 6, partially opened, as in Fig. 3, or wholly cut off, as in Fig. 4. The
pivoted diaphragm a is provided with two projecting studs a', which fit in corre-
sponding recesses in the flanged end of the cylindrical tube b, so that, when the tube a
is rotated upon the tube b, the diaphragan at is held and prevented from rotating.
it is preferred to employ from two to eight holes, a or a³, in each diaphragm
placed close to the circumference thereof and equidistant from one another. The
collective area of the holes in each diaphragm should be rather more than the area of
the outlet orifice a¹. The holes in each diaphragm may be countersunk on the face
which is opposite to that in contact with the other diaphragm. The thickness of each
diaphragm need not exceed half the diameter of one of the holes. The larger the
number of holes employed, the finer is the spray produced.
In the construction hereinbefore described, the pressure of the water or other liquid
forces the one diaphragm against the other, thus preventing leakage when, upon
turning the nozzle to the required extent, communication therethrough is cut off.
a,
It will however, be obvious that, instead of mounting both diaphragms in the tube
one of the diaphragms may be located in each tube, as represented in Fig. 5, where
the diaphragm is fixed in the flanged extremity of the tube 6. Under such
circumstances, the central pin a whereby the one diaphragm is. pivoted to the other
is dispensed with
but the pressure of the water or other liquid has a tendency to force
the two diaphragms apart, leakage resulting.

page_text: When the water supply is cut off by an independent tap or cock, a single diaphragm
of double thickness may be employed instead of the two diaphragins a² and a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. The improved device for producing spray constructed substantially as herein
described, and having a passage formed or furnished with a perforated diaphragm
against the face of which a similarly-perforated diaphragm is mounted to work
rotatively, the liquid passing through both diaphragms to a cone-shaped nozzle whenco
the stream issues in the form of spray.
2. In a device for producing spray, the improved means, substantially as herein
described, for regulating the fineness of the spray and for shutting off the liquid
supply such means comprising a passage furnished with two diaphragms having
corresponding perforations, the relative positions of the two sets of perforations being
capable of variation for opening, regulating or closing the communication between the
supply pipe and the outlet orifice.
3. In a nozzle for producing spray, the combination, with the conical tube a and
the cylindrical tube b, of the perforated diaphragms a² and a*, the relative positions of
the latter being capable of variation, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated the 11th day of April 1890.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM.