Improvements in Pulley-blocks, Hoists, and analogous Appliances.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pulley-blocks, Hoists, and analogous Appliances.
We, EDMUND ALLDAY, of Fulford Hall, Hockley Heath, near the City of
Birmingham, Engineer, and WILLIAM THOMAS EADES, of 142, Walford Road,
Sparkbrook, Birmingham, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement: -
.
This invention has relation to pulley blocks, hoists and similar appliances for
raising and lowering heavy weights, and has more particular reference to hoisting
tackle for use in connection with wire ropes in which the sheaves or grooved
drums are only of small thickness in relation to their diameter. Such sheaves,
are usually subjected to considerable strains and when mounted upon an ordinary
axle or spindle, are liable to quickly wear and be pulled out of truth, by which
their free running is impaired.
In order to obviate these defects, and provide an improved and efficient form
of pulley block or the like particularly adapted for use with wire ropes, it is
proposed to make the sheaves or grooved drums in the form of an axleless ring
or annulus and to support and guide the same upon a series of three or more
anti-friction rollers mounted between the cheeks of a pulley block or within the
framing of a hoist or the like.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents, in elevation, the application
of the invention to a twin-sheave pulley block for use with wire ropes, the said
block having a pair of independent and axleless sheaves arranged side-by-side
between the cheeks of the framing and each being mounted upon a series of four
anti-friction rollers, which are preserved in their proper positions relative to one
another and to the sheaves which they support by ribs or annular feathers formed
around the inner peripheries of the said sheaves engaging in corresponding
annular grooves or channels surrounding the anti-friction rollers.
Figure 2 represents a longitudinal section of the said block, taken through
the rollers of the one sheave, which is in itself shown in elevation.
Figure 3 is an edge view of the block and Figure 4 represents a transverse
vertical section of the same, taken upon the dotted line, Figure 1, but with one
of the anti-friction rollers being shown in elevation.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the said Figures 1
to 4.
In the form of twin block shown in the said figures a, a, are the pair of
sheaves, which are small in width or the thickness relative to their diameters and
each has an annular groove or channel a¹, around its periphery, of a depth and
width suitable for the reception of the wire rope with which the pulley is to be.
used. The said sheaves are axle-less being made in the form of rings and in
order to provide the same with an extended bearing and ensured their free
running when in use, each of them is mounted or suspended upon a series of
four anti-friction rollers b, loosely threaded upon cross pins c. disposed between
the sheave-confining side cheeks 7 of the block framing, which is hung from a
:

page_text: swivelling eye e, as usual whilst the sides may also be kept at their proper distance
apart by distance-sleeves such as f, through which pins or bolts f, pass, and
receive nuts f, on the outer wormed ends, or by distance blocks such as f³, having
screwed ends taking through the side cheeks and there receiving nuts f
In order to preserve the sheave rings in their proper positions relative to their
respective sets of anti-friction rollers (which may be provided in any convenient
number), each ring has upon its inner periphery, a circumferential rib or
feather a², engaging in common with grooves or channels 62, formed around the
middle of each roller, as clearly shown in Figure 4.
Instead of an annular rib on the sheave rings taking into grooves on the rollers,
the converse arrangement may be used, as shown in longitudinal vertical section
in Figure 5 and in transverse vertical section in Figure 6, wherein each of the
rollers has an annular rib 62, engaging into a circumferential channel or
sinking a,of corresponding width, formed around the inner periphery of the
sheave rings.
Or the inner periphery of the above sheave ring may be .concaved in cross
section with the supporting rollers correspondingly convexed or the rollers may
be concave-grooved or made of a sheave-like form with the inner periphery of
the sheave-ring being convexed or suitably formed to engage with the rollers to
preserve the proper relative positions of the respective parts thereby preventing
lateral movement and wear. Further instead of the rollers being threaded loosely
on cross pins as described and illustrated they may have trunnion ends with suit-
able bearings in the cheeks or framing of the block.
Figure 7 represents a horizontal vertical section of another form of anti-friction
pulley block constructed according to our invention and Figure 8 is a transverse
vertical section thereof upon the dotted line 2.
In this arrangement, the rollers 6 which guide and support the sheave ring a,
are themselves supported by a central boss axis or shaft c, which may be fixed,
and is arranged between the side cheeks or other parts of the frame of the block.
The said rollers bear against and run around the said central shaft, so that a
perfect anti-frictional mounting for the sheave ring is obtained, whilst they may
be maintained at determined distances apart and in their proper relative positions
by means of opposite cage plates d, which have gaps at ', corresponding to and
adapted to receive the ends or necked ends b³, of the rollers.
The invention is applicable to pulley blocks having only one, or any number
of sheaves, whilst its application to the sheaves employed in connection with hoists.
and other tackle differs in no essential respect from its application to a twin-
sheave pulley block as herein described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
:
First In a pulley-block, hoist and analogous appliance, making the sheave
in the form of a ring or annulus, and mounting and guiding the same upon a
series of rollers situated within or around the inner periphery, substantially as
and for the purpose lierein described, and also as set forth in the accompanying
drawings.
Secondly-In pulley-blocks, hoists and analogous appliances having roller-
mounted ring sheaves as referred to in the preceding claim, the employment of
ribs or annular feathers or equivalent projections upon the inner periphery of
the sheave rings engaging in channels or grooves on the rollers, or of ribs or
projections on the rollers engaging corresponding channels or sinkings on the
sheave rings, substantially as and for the purpose herein described, and as set
forth in the accompanying drawings.
:
Thirdly In pulley-blocks, hoists and analogous appliances having roller-
mounted ring sheaves as referred to in the first claim; supporting the anti-friction
rollers by making them bear and run around a central boss, shaft or axis carried

page_text: by the frame, the said rollers being kept in their proper relative positions by
cage plates or their equivalent, substantially as herein described, and also as set
forth in Figures 7 and 8.
Dated this 15th day of November 1899
EDMUND ALLDAY,
WILLIAM THOMAS EADES.
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.