IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC CASKS
Year: 1850

page_text: SHALL COME,
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESEN
CLARE, junior, of Liverpool, Gentleman, send greeting.
JOHN
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day of
November, One thousand eight huudred and fifty, in the fourteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs. and successors, give and grant unto
me,, the said John Clare, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial license,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John Clare, my
exors, admors, and assigns,' or such others as I, the said John Clare, my
exors, adiňors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC CASKS;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said John Clare, should cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to
be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after, the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Clare, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of making metallic casks by forming and combining
staves and parts of sheet metal in such manner that casks constructed of such
staves and parts may be readily taken apart, and with facility put together
again, so that when not required for use the staves and parts may be packed
away in like manner to casks of wood, and occupy comparatively small space.
It will, therefore, be understood, that the object of my Invention is to
construct metallic casks in such manner that they shall consist of staves and
heads of sheet metal in place of wood, such metal staves and heads, however,
being very thin as compared with staves and heads made of wood; and in
order to get stiffness sufficient for the staves to retain their proper form, and
also for the casks made up therefrom retaining their form, I cause the edges of
the staves to be bent or shaped to produce such bilge to the casks as may be
desired, and the edges of each stave are bent or formed with flanches, which
flanches come together and butt against each other, and these flanches, in
putting together a series of staves to form a cask, may be drawn together by
screws and nuts, when desired, or by hoops only, or by hoops and screws
and nuts; and in fixing the heads I prefer to make a groove at each end
of each stave by bending the ends, or by rivetting angle iron thereto, the
heads entering into such grooves. The heads I either make of sheet metal,
plain, dished, or with cross bars rivited on them, or they may be made of
wood. The manner of forming and fixing the heads may, however, be
varied.
In order that my Invention may be more fully understood, I have shewn by
a Drawing annexed various views of the parts separately, and also a view of a
metal cask complete, and made up of several metal staves, according to my
Invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shews a cask made of a series of staves of metal; Figure 2 is a
section thereof. Figure 3 shews different views of one of the staves, all the
staves being alike (when for the same form of cask); the describing of one
will, therefore, be sufficient, and the size and form of the staves will vary

page_text: according to the bilge or size and form of the cask intended to be made
according to my Invention. Each stave is composed of sheet metal bent or
formed into the proper curvature for the bilge or size and form of the cask to
be made. The edges a, a, are bent so as to form the border surfaces or flanges
to come more compactly and securely together than the simple thickness of
metal would offer, and it is in this particular that casks made of metal staves
differ from those made from staves of wood. Flanges a, a, of the staves do not
extend the whole length of the staves, for where heads are to be fixed there are
to be suitable means resorted to for receiving such heads, and for this purpose I
prefer to employ angle iron b, b, rivitted as shewn, between which the heads,
whether of metal or wood, are received, as is shewn by the Drawing. In place
of having the flanges a, a, formed on the staves, they may be made of separate
pieces of angle iron, and rivited to the edges of the staves; or, in place of
employing flanges, the staves may be made as shewn at Figure 4; but I
prefer the staves to be made with flanges or turned up edges, as shewn in
Figures 1, 2, and 3. The hoops employed may be wood hoops, such as are
used in ordinary wood casks, or they may be of metal, in which case they may
be drawn together by means of screws and nuts, or by cotters, which are
means which, have before been resorted to for constructing and employing
hoops for wood casks. In putting metallic casks together which consist of
staves, I employ sheet india rubber or other packing where parts come
together, in order to keep the parts fluid-tight when the casks are to contain
fluids. In Figures 1, 2, and 3, the staves are shewn to be fastened together
by screws and nuts c inside through the flanges, as well as by hoops outside:
In Figure 5 clamps are used in place of screws and nuts, and in order to
prevent the metal (particularly when sheet iron is employed) oxydizing, I paint
the surfaces, or I coat the same with zinc; but these matters in themselves
form no part of my Invention, and will readily be resorted to, according to the
purpose to which such casks are to be applied.
Having thus explained the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim the making of
casks of staves made of sheet metal.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clare, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
JOHN (L.s.) CLARE, Jun.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, .that on the Twenty-eighth day of April,
in the year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid John Clare, junior, came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.