IMPROVE- MENTS IN SANITARY APPLIANCES APPLICABLE TO SINKS, CLOSETS, DRAINS, AND OTHER PLACES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Thomas Brazier and Charles Brazier, both of the
Blackfriars Road, in the County of Surroy, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SANITARY APPLIANCES APPLICABLE TO SINKS, CLOSETS, DRAINS, AND
OTHER PLACES,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Thomas Brazier and
Charles Brazier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th April
1880.
CHARLES THOMAS BRAZIER and CHARLES BRAZIER, both of the Blackfriars Road,
in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SANITARY APPLIANCES APPLICABLE
TO SINKS, CLOSETS, DRAINS, AND OTHER PLACES."
The chief objects of this Invention are to provide means for disinfecting,
deodorizing, and also when applied to such places as sinks, for removing such
extraneous matters as fats or fatty substances from the liquids passing away to the
drain or other receiver.
%
The Invention primarily consists in the application and use of a vessel or
receiver in connection with the closet, sink, or drain for containing disinfectants, a
portion or portions of the contents of which are continually being distributed and
absorbed by the liquid.
We will first describe the Invention as applied to sinks, the liquid from samo
is conveyed by pipe into a receiver, which may be either fixed or movable,
placed in a tank of any convenient size, and preferably made of wood lined with
lead. In the receiver, and for a short distance up from the bottom, say, two or
three inches, we placo lime or other suitable material, and this is kept preferably
below perforations in the receiver. On the opposite side of the tank, and preferably
outside same, we provide a box containing a syphon pipe in communication with
tank at one end, the outlet or shorter leg of syphon being close to the bottom of
tank, the long leg passing into drain or other outlet. The long leg may be dipped
into a common stonewaro S or P trap, but if so, it should be perforated just above
the water line to admit air at the finish of the action of the syphon just above the
We
lowest level in the tank to which we want the liquid therein to fall.
connect another small and separate pipe or tube to the short syphon pipe two or
three inches above the outlet in tank, which extends upwards, and is bent over and
provided with a small tap at top, terminating above the highest level of liquid, so
that as soon as the liquid descends in tank to the level of this pipe the further flow
ED

page_text: of liquid from the tank is arrested until the liquid has again risen to the highest
level thereof. The action is such, that all matters, liquid and solid, are carried
from the sink into the lime receiver, a portion of the lime is projected through the
perforations in receiver to the lead tank, thus deodorizing the liquid when passed
into the drains, sweetening and purifying them; the fatty matters float on the
surface. As the water descends in tank the fatty matters become deposited above
the sides of the receiver, and are removed with same when it is taken out for
cleaning. By this means the fatty and other matters are arrested in their passage
to the drain, and the choking up thereof is thereby entirely prevented. This part
of the Invention is applicable to all places where sinks are used, such as hotels,
club houses, restaurants, private houses, culinary offices, and so forth. The tank
may be fixed in any suitable position, with a ventilating pipe when necessary, or
outside the scullery; and it inay form a table or useful bench, only requiring
cleaning out occasionally.
As applied to a water closet we place the disinfectant receiver below or at the
side of the trap, so that when the flushing valve plug is raised a certain quantity
of clear lime or water, or other suitable material or solution, is caused to pass into
the water in the trap, and this water may be impregnated with aromatic or other sub-
stances or materials if required. For this purpose we prefer to make the receiver in a
piece with soil trap, and of earthenware or other suitable material. One end of receiver
and trap are in communication with one another by apertures or perforations, as in
the case of the sink tank before described. The water in disinfectant pan and trap
is at same level when in normal state, but above the water in disinfectant pan
there is an air space, and at the top a stopped aperture for the introduction of the
disinfectants or other substances; aromatic substances or lime may be suspended in
a bag in the water, and other substances, such as camphor, may be introduced,
which would float on the surface, the lime would be deposited. We make the pan
at front, with the base at an obtuser angle than at the back, or in other words, the
back part of the pan is nearer a vertical line than the front; in this way we find
that when the valve is raised and water admitted, that it rises in a fountain like
form from the front to the back and sweeps the whole of the pan, and carries with
it through the trap the water and soil more effectually than when the pan is of
another shape, but which of course it may be if desired. The air space in receiver
before mentioned causes the water in receiver to remain there while the plug is up,
and till a fresh supply comes into the trap, then a circulation of the water in the
receiver and trap takes place, and the lime, or some of it, or other material, is
projected into the water in the trap, and from thence to the soil pipe and drain at
each successive opening of the closet and flushing of same. Of course the longer
the water remains in the trap the more it becomes impregnated with the materials
contained in the receiver.
-
Wo prefer to make the upper bend of the trap of an oval shape or section rather
than round, as usual, and above this oval neck we prefer to place a ventilating pipe
or shaft leading direct to the atmosphere, thus securing the efficacious working of
the trap.
When the flushing takes place the whole of the surface of the basin is scoured,
and the trap itself left with a water lock of, say, one inch, and containing about a
gallon and a half of water, which quickly becomes impregnated with the materials
contained in receiver, which, when passed to the drains, sweetens and purifies
thom.
Our Invention further consists in the application of such or similar receiver,
either movable by any means, fixed or attached to every description of water trap
drain pipe generally, so that when the flushing action takes place a certain quantity
of disinfecting material may be projected and so carried down the drain with the
flushing water and soil or other matters, substantially in the manner before
described with reference to the other parts of this Invention.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Thomas Brazier and Charles Brazier in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the Sth October 1880.
CHARLES THOMAS BRAZIER and CHARLES BRAZIER, both of the Blackfriars Road, in
the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SANITARY APPLIANCES APPLICABLE TO
SINKS, CLOSETS, DRAINS, AND OTHER PLACES."
The chief objects of this Invention aro to provide means for disinfecting,
deodorizing, and also, when applied to such places as sinks, for removing such
extraneous matters as fats or fatty substances from the liquids passing away to the
drain or other receiver.
The Invention primarily consists in the application and use of a vessel or
receiver in connection with the closet, sink, or drain, for containing disinfectants, a
portion or portions of the contents of which are continually being distributed and
absorbed by the liquid.
The Invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
Drawings, and we will first describe the same as applied to sinks. Figure 1 is a
longitudinal vertical section, and Figure 2 is an end view of an apparatus
constructed according to our Invention applied to such purpose. A, tank or inter-
ceptor; B, receiver for fat which accumulates round the sides, it is taken out when
required to be cleaned, and also contains at the bottom the deodorizer (prepared lime);
C, the highest level of liquor; D, the lowest level of liquor; E, outlet of liquor in
the side of interceptor, near the bottom; F, discharge of liquor to drains; G, pipe
from sink into receiver; H, air pipe in short leg of syphon, which stops any floating
grease or fat entering the syphon pipes.
The liquid from the sink is conveyed by pipe G into a receiver B, which may be
either fixed or movable, placed in a tank or interceptor A of any convenient size, and
preferably made of wood lined with lead in the receiver B; and for a short distance
up from the bottom we place lime or other suitable material, and this is kept
preferably below perforations b¹ in the receiver B on the opposite side of the tank,
and preferably outside same we provide a syphon pipe E, F, which may be secured
to tank or interceptor A by staple or otherwise, or may be contained in a box or
case; this syphon pipe E, F, is in communication with tank or interceptor A at
one end, the outlet or shorter leg E of syphon being close to the bottom of tank or
interceptor A, the long leg F passing into drain or other outlet, as indicated by the
arrow; the long leg F may be dipped into a common stoneware S or P trap, but
if so, it should be perforated just above the water line to admit air at the finish of
the action of the syphon. Just above the lowest level in the tank to which we
want the liquid therein to fall in, we connect another small and separate pipe or
tube H to the short leg of syphon pipe, say, four inches up from bottom of tank
or interceptor A, which extends upwards, and is provided with a small tap fat top,
terminating above the highest level of liquid, so that as soon as the liquid descends
in tank to the level D of this pipe the further dow of liquid from the tank is arrested,
should the tapf be open, until the liquid has again risen to the highest level C thereof.
The action is such that all matters, liquid and solid, are carried from the sink into the
lime or other receiver B, a portion of the lime is projected through the perforations
in receiver B to the lead or other tank or interceptor A, thus deodorizing the
liquid when passed into the drains, sweetening and purifying them; the fatty
matters float on the surface. As the water descends in tank or interceptor A the
fatty matters become deposited about the sides of the receiver B, and are removed
with same when it is taken out for cleaning. By this means the fatty and other
matters are arrested in their passage to the drain, and the choking up thereof is
thereby entirely prevented; this part of the Invention is applicable to all places

page_text: where fatty matters are required to be quickly cooled, and where sinks are used,
such as hotels, club houses, restaurants, asylums, workhouses, private houses,
culinary offices, and so forth. The tank or interceptor A may be fixed in any
suitable position, with a ventilating pipe when necessary, or outside the scullery;
and it may form a tablo or useful bench, only requiring cleaning out occasionally.
Figure 3 shews in vertical cross section the Invention as applied to a water closet.
In this instance we place the disinfectant receiver A below or at the side of the
trap, so that when the flushing valve plug is raised a certain quantity of clear
water is caused to pass into and wash out the trap. The water in trap then
absorbs through the perforations a certain quantity of lime and camphor, and
should the closet be used by a child or careless person who forgets to use the valve,
the soil on being deposited in the trap is covered with coat of lime and rendered
inoffensive and inodorous; the next time the valve is raised the trap is again
charged, and contents washed out with clear water, which again quickly becomes
clear lime water, and so on, continuing its action without any mechanical action
in the closet itself. The water in chamber may be impregnated with aromatic or
other substances or materials if required, for this purpose we prefer to make the
receiver in a piece with soil trap, as shewn, and of earthenware, or other suitable
material. The receiver A and trap are in communication with one another by
apertures or perforations D, as in the case of the sink tank before described; the
water in disinfecting pan and trap is at same level when in normal state, but ahove
the water in disinfectant pan or receiver A there is an air space, and at the top a
stopped or plugged aperture B for the introduction of the disinfectants or other
substances; aromatic substances or lime may be suspended in a bag in the water,
and other substances, such as camphor, marked G, may be introduced which float
on the surface, the lime is deposited, as shewn at L. The air space in receiver A,
before mentioned, being tightly sealed by plug, causes the water in deodorizing
chamber to remain always at the same level, thus effectually proventing any soil
or other matter passing from trap into chamber. After each flush of water has
passed through the closet a circulation of the water in the receiver and trap takes
place, and the limo or some of it, or other material, is absorbed through the
perforations D into the water in the trap, and from thence to the soil pipe and
drain at each successivo opening of the closet and flushing of same, while no gases
can possibly enter the house by the flush or pressure, as the longer the water
remains in the trap the more it becomes impregnated with the disinfecting or other
materials contained in the receiver; and the highest point K of the trap is
ventilated with a pipe C carried into the open air, which may be in addition to any
other ventilated shaft or soil pipe. We prefer to make the upper bend K of the
trap of an oval shape or section rather than round, as usual, and above this oval
neck we prefer to place such ventilating pipe or shaft C leading direct to the
atmosphere, thus securing the efficacious working of the trap.
When the flushing takes place the whole of the surface of the basin is scoured
and the trap itself left with a waterlock of, say, one inch and quarter, and con-
taining about a gallon and a half of water, which quickly becomes impregnated
with the materials contained in receiver A, which when passed to the drains
sweetens and purifies them; M is the conical seating of pan in the trap.
Our Invention further consists in the application of such or similar chamber or
receiver, either movable or by any means fixed or attached to every description of
water trap or drain pipes generally. Figure 4 is a section, and Figure 5 a plan
of such an application, so that when the flushing action takes place a certain
quantity of disinfecting material G and L may be absorbed through apertures D
from receiver A and carried down the drain with the flushing water and soil or
other matters, substantially in the manner before described with reference to the
other parts of this Invention.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,—
First. The construction and employment of a receiver or vessel in a tank or

page_text: interceptor (the said receiver containing disinfectants or not) for arresting or
retaining fat or fatty substances received into same instead of allowing them to
pass through pipes to the drains, as heretofore, all substantially as and in the
manner hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Second. The construction and employment of syphon or syphon arrangements
provided with long and short leg, and air pipe in short leg, to regulate the high
and low levels of the liquid in a tank or interceptor, all substantially in the manner
set forth.
Third. In any water closet, either valve or trap closet or plug closet, or con-
nected therewith, the employment of a receiver containing disinfectants, which at
each flush of the pan admits water containing disinfectants, and disinfects the
stagnant water in the pan, all substantially in manner set forth.
Fourth. The application to sinks, traps, and drains or sewers generally, of
receivers or interceptors, substantially as those set forth with reference to
Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fifth. The combined trap and pan, either with or without chamber A, the
pan forming the dip, with conical joint L and trap being brought up close to pan,
and being of an oval shape at upper bend K, and formed either to discharge
horizontally or downwards, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Thomas Brazier, for myself and on
behalf of the said Charles Brazier, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and eighty.
CHARLES THOMAS BRAZIER. (L.S.)