IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO PACKAGES FOR CARRYING OR SHIPPING PAINT, PIGMENT; LARD, OR OTHER MATERIALS OF SIMILAR NATURE, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Reid Gray, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO
PACKAGES FOR CARRYING OR SHIPPING PAINT, PIGMENT; LARD, OR OTHER
MATERIALS OF SIMILAR NATURE, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Reid Gray at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June 1881.
ROBERT REID GRAY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. “IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR APPERTAINING TO PACKAGES FOR CARRYING OR SHIPPING PAINT, PIGMENT,
LARD, OR OTHER MATERIALS OF HOMILAR NATURE, AND IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR CLOSING OR SEALING THE SAME AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES"
This Invention has for its object the construction of a package that will pack
well, that is not likely to leak, and that in some cases when opened can be used
as a paint pot.
It consists, first, in forming the body of the pot with lapped side seam and
lapped bottom seam, in the manner described in my Specification, No. 1650, of
1880.
Second. In inserting the handle at each side through a hole armed with an
eyelet of the same internal diameter as the gange of wire or iron rod forming the
handle, said hole being preferably just below the rim of the pot.
Third. In forming the lid so as to fit over and curve round the wire bead or
other projecting rim forming the top rim of the pot.
Fourthly. In a machine for closing or sealing the covers of the pots and other
like articles.
Fifth. In arrangements for fastening them or ordinary lard tins together in pairs
for shipment.
The mode of carrying out my Invention is as follows:-The pot filled with
paint and with handle attached (the latter hanging down against the side when
[Price 6d.]

page_text: not in use) is placed upon the centre of a table fixed or adjustable as regards
height, and arranged with guides to keep the pot exactly in the centre. The
cover being put on, a piston or plunger is brought down onto it by means of a
treadle, so as to hold it firmly and steadily to the table. On the rod of this piston
or plunger is a hinged swinging horizontal arm, armed with a holder and tool
adjustable on the arm, so as to be brought against the cover.
The arm is hinged
so as to enable the tool to be lifted from and brought against the cover edge when
the tool holder has been once for all adjusted on the arm for one size of pot.
Everything being ready the arm is swung round, causing the tool to bend the edge
of the cover over and press it round the bead. The treadle is then let go, the
plunger raised by a spring or weight, the pot removed, and another substituted.
The plunger is linked to the treadle by mechanism in such manner that the
distance from the table can be regulated at pleasure, and the holder being
adjustable at pleasure any sized pot from, say, six inches in diameter and six
inches in height, to two feet in diameter and two feet in height, could be made on
one machine. Of course the machines can be made of any size to suit any size
pot, and can be used for putting bottoms or covers onto parallel drums, canisters,
and other articles where a plate is bent round a bead in this manner.
When the tins, especially lard tins, are shipped, they are tied two together, their
upper and larger ends being placed face to face. This tying is troublesome work.
I therefore construct a metal fastening in the following manner:-I stamp out of
sheet metal a plate to the shape required, namely, a rectangular field with four
projecting flaps. I press this plate so as to bend up the four flaps. Two of these
Haps exactly fit over the wired handles of the lard tins, the other two flaps are
shaped so as to enclose the ends of the handles and hold the plate rigidly in
position when fixed. I now take a tool resembling a gripper or pair of pincers,
and by pressing on the handle bring the two jaws against the plate, where it fits
over the wire. The plate and wire are forced into grooves in the jaws, and the
sides of the grooves at the same time bend over the plate, locking it securely, and
thus holding the two tins rigidly together.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert Reid Gray in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
0th December 1881.
"IMPROVEMENTS
ROBERT REID GRAY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IN OR APPERTAINING TO PACKAGES FOR CARRYING OR SHIPPING PAINT, PIGMENT,
LARD, OR OTHER MATERIALS OF A SIMILAR NATURE, AND IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR CLOSING OR SEALING THE SAME AND OTHER LIKE ÅRTICLES."
This Invention has for its object the construction of a package that will pack
well, that is not likely to leak, and that when opened may be used as a paint pot.
It consists in,—
First. Forming the body of the pot with lapped side seam and lapped bottom
seam in the manner described in my Specification of Letters Patent, No. 1650, of
1880.
Second. In forming the lid so as to fit over and curve round the wire bead or
other projecting rim forming the top rim of the package.
Third. In a machine for closing or sealing the covers of the packages and other
like articles.
Fourth. In arrangements for fastening these packages or ordinary lard tins
together in pairs for shipment.
The mode of carrying out my Invention is as follows:-
The package filled with paint and with handle attached (the latter hanging
down against the side when not in use) is placed upon the centre of a table fixed
or adjustable as regards height, and arranged with guides to keep the pot exactly
in the centre. The cover being put on, a piston or plunger is brought down onto
it by means of an eccentric motion to hold it firmly and steadily to the table. On
the rod of this piston or plunger is a hinged swinging horizontal arm, armed with
holders and tools (preferably three) adjustable on the arm, so as to be brought
against the cover. The arm is hinged so as to enable the tools to be lifted from
and brought against the cover edge when the tool holders have been once for all
adjusted on the arm for one size of pot. Everything being ready, the arms are
moved round by a handle, causing the tools to bend the edge of the cover over,
and press it tightly round the bead formed by the wire on the top of the package.
The handle is then turned, the plunger raised by the eccentric, the pot removed,
and another substituted.
The plunger is arranged in such manner that the distance from the table can be
regulated at pleasure, and the holders being adjustable any sized package from,
say, six inches in diameter and six inches in height, to two feet in diameter and
two feet in height, could be made on one machine. Of course the machines can be
made of any size to suit any size of package, and can be used for putting bottoms
or covers onto parallel drums, canisters, and other articles where a plate is bent
round a bead in this manner.
When the tins, especially lard tins, are shipped they are tied two together, their
upper and larger ends being placed face to face. This tying is troublesome work.
I therefore construct a metal fastening in the following manner :-I stamp out of
sheet metal a plate to the shape required, namely, a rectangular field with four
projecting flaps. I press this plate so as to bend up the four flaps. Two of these
flaps exactly fit over the wired handles of the lard tins; the other two flaps are
shaped so as to enclose the ends of the handles and hold the plate rigidly in
position when fixed. I now take a tool resembling a gripper or pair of pincers,
and by pressing on the handle bring the two jaws against the plate, where it fits
over the wire, the plate and wire are forced into grooves in the jawa, and the sides
of the grooves at the same time band over the plate, locking it securely, and thus
holding the two tins rigidly together.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is front elevation shewing machine for closing and sealing covers of the
tins in operation.
Fig: 2 is side elevation shewing machine in operation.
Fig. 3, an enlarged section shewing spindle carrier arms and closers, one A
being in operation, and B in its normal state, that is, in position previous to the
lever C being brought to bear upon the projections C¹ on the lower edge of jointed
carrier arms D. The projections C¹ press the arms D upward, and cause the
closers D' to bite upon the outer rim or edge d of the lid to be closed. The
roller D¹ revolves as the carrier arms D are worked round the spindle E, and
retained in position by a collar E¹. In the boss e, to which the carrier arms are
fixed, are three springs of india rubber or other elastic material, having a nail
head or rivet inserted, forming a hard substance for the end of carrier arm D to
bear against.
Upon the lever C being released the closer and carrier arms are thrown out, as
shewn by B. The closers D¹ are made so as to slide on the carrier arms D to suit
various sized cans, and are secured in position by the set screw g bearing upon
the gib g. The roller revolving upon the lower part of closer D¹ by pressing
down the lever C is caused to force inward the rim or turned edge of the lid or
cover of package, and so forms a close and even joint round its upper edge. This
will be understood on reference to the enlarged view, Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 shows a plan of Fig. 3, shewing three carrier arms D and the position of
the lever C. The same letters in each Figure refer to like parts. Fig. 5 shews
enlarged view in section of method of raising the spindle E, thereby releasing the
can to facilitate removal after being closed. The handle F moves the crank F',
and so elevates or lowers the lever G, shewn in position in Fig. 2. The spindle F
can be adjusted to any size of package by the set screw g².
Fig: 6 shows side view of above, the letters relating to same parts as in
Fig. 5.
The whole operation of closing is effected by placing the can lid in position, as
shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, and lowering the spindle E by means of handle F, placing
the presser or disc H upon can lid, holding it firmly in its place, then by pressing
the lever C, at same time turning the bosse to and fro, cause the closers D' to
effectually bite or force inward the rim or edge of can cover or lid at d, see Fig. 3.
Upon releasing the lever O and moving handle F, which raises the closing
apparatus, the can can be readily removed.
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of an oil drum showing the lid in position in the
case where the edge of the package is wired to the inside instead of, as is more
usual, to the outside. I find this much more serviceable in this class of package.
Fig. 8 shows plan of plate for fastening the handles of tins of packages together
for the purposes of packing.
Fig. 9, section of same bent in position when in use.
Having now described my Invention, and the best mode of carrying it into
effect known to me, I wish it to be understood that what I believe to be new
and desire to protect under the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. Forming the lid of a lard tin or similar package of a plate turned over and
curved round the wire bead or other projecting rim of the can, so as to hold tight
without soldering, substantially as described.
2nd. The machine or apparatus for closing or sealing the covers of lard tins or
other packages, substantially as herein described, no claim being here made for any
individual part taken separately or for other use, but only when combined with
other parts to form a machine operating substantially as and for the purposes
described.
3rd. In machinery for sealing lard tins and other similar vessels the combination
of a table with guides or other support capable of holding the tin in one special

page_text: position, a plunger or its equivalent to hold the lid steady in position, and a
turning tool capable of being brought round automatically or by hand, and of
turning down the projecting edge of the lid tight round the rim of the vessel,
substantially as described.
4th. The mode of grappling lard tins and other like vessels together for ship-
ment, consisting in bending over their handles or other stiff projecting portions
pieces of sheet metal stamped out with projecting flaps, so shaped as when bent
over to enclose said handles or stiff projecting portions, so as to hold them tight,
and prevent all vertical or lateral play, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Reid Gray, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
ROBERT REID CRAV