IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING LACES AND BRAIDS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to August Busche, of Schwelm, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR MAKING LACES AND BRAIDS."
Sealed the 25th May 1869, and dated the 26th November 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said August Busche at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th November 1868.
I, AUGUST BUSCHE, of Schwelm, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING LACES AND BRAIDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved arrangement of the carriers for
enabling the machines to occupy much less space than those at present
Instead of placing all the carriers in one concentric circle, as
hitherto adopted, I divide the gross number into two unequal numbers.

page_text: In the larger of these numbers two of the carriers are drivers, their
pinions being geared into a driving toothed wheel. The pinions of the
drivers gear into the pinions of two other carriers, and the pinions of
the latter into two others, and so on, continuing in a concentric circle.
The remaining number of carriers are placed in pairs in a concentric
circle around the inner series, and the pinions of each pair gear into the
pinions of two of the inner carriers. The two driver carriers revolve
in the same direction, and all the other carriers revolve in opposite
directions to each other, as in the old machines. By means of this
arrangement the area of the machine for equal numbers of spools is
nearly one-half that of the old machine, and therefore a much larger
number in proportion can be placed in the building, and effect great
economy, and as the distance from the spools to the plaiting point is
much shorter than in the old machines the threads may be stretched
by smaller weights, and the tendency of the threads to tear and break
is materially lessened.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said August Busche in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 25th May 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUST
BUSCHE, of Schwelm, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said August Busche, Her special licence
that I, the said August Busche, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said August Busche, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,.
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel,
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY

page_text: FOR MAKING LACES AND BRAIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said August Busche, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should, particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to. be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said August Busche, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying three Sheets of Drawings (that
is to say):-
in use.
This Invention consists in an improved arrangement of the carriers for
enabling the machines to occupy much less space than those at present
Instead of placing all the carriers in one concentric circle, as
hitherto, I divide the gross number into two unequal numbers. In the
larger of these numbers two of the carriers are drivers, their pinions
being geared into a driving toothed wheel. The pinions of the drivers
gear into the pinions of two other carriers, and the pinions of the latter
into two others, and so on, continuing in a concentric circle. The
remaining number of carriers are placed in pairs in a concentric circle
around the inner series, and the pinions of each pair gear into the
pinions of two of the inner carriers. The two driver carriers revolve in the
same direction, and all the other carriers revolve in opposite directions to
each other, as in the old machines. By means of this arrangement the
area of the machine for equal number of spools is about one-half that of
the old machines; and therefore a much larger number of machines (in
proportion) can be placed in a building, thereby effecting great economy,
and as the distance from the spools to the plaiting point is much shorter
than in the old machines the threads may be stretched by smaller
weights, and the tendency of the threads to tear and break is materially
lessened.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood I will proceed
to describe the same with reference to the accompanying three Sheets of
Drawings, in which Sheet 1 represents a plaiting machine constructed
according to my Invention; Sheet 2, the upper part of the same

page_text: machine; and Sheet 3, the upper part of a machine constructed in the
usual manner.
On comparing Sheets 1 and 2 with Sheet 3 it will appear that by
reason of the arrangement of the plate A (Sheet 1), and the wheel-
work B beneath it a combination of the spools has been effected, which
with an equal number of spools and plates enables considerable space to
be gained. The designs will likewise show that the area of the acting
plate D on the system hitherto in use is, for instance, for 73 spools equal
to 1,020 square inches, whereas the same number of spools arranged
according to my improved system (see Sheet 2, acting plate C) will
only require a space of about 575 square inches, thus producing a
proportion of 16 to 9 in favour of my system.
The construction of the acting plate C offers further advantages, viz :-
1. Its radius being smaller that portion of the thread to be plaited
from the termination of the spool a to the plaiting point b is considerably
shorter than is the case with the acting plate D of the machines hitherto
in use; consequently the thread to be plaited will in proportion be less
frequently torn or broken.
2. The length of the free thread being shorter the weights for straight-
ening it can be smaller than at present.
3. Practical trials with 1 ounce weight per thread produce with my
improved machine the same quality of goods as is produced by the
present form of looms with 2 ounce weight per thread. In consequence
also of the decreased strain less durable raw materials may be submitted
to the operation of plaiting with greater advantage than heretofore.
The proportion of the expense thus saved cannot perhaps be com-
pletely expressed by the proportion of space gained, yet with an equal
number of attendants half as many spools again can with my improved
system be looked after than at present; it is consequently possible to
finish a quantity of goods larger by one-half at the same expense.
I finally observe that the economy in the materials used will cause a
slight reduction in the cost of making the machines, and that the above
described system is applicable to all the various sizes of plaiting
machines.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Inven-
tion, I claim the improvements in machinery for making laces and

page_text: braids, as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheets of
Drawings
In witness whereof, I, the said August Busche, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
In witness whereof, I, the said August Busche, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
AUGUST BUSCHE. (L.S.)