Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating, Distilling Liquids. and
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1890.
Complete Specification Left, 3rd July, 1891-Accepted, th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating,
Distilling Liquids.
and
We, ROBERT ANDREW ROBERTSON of the firm of The Mirrlees Watson &
Yaryan Coy. Ld., Engineers, and DAVID BALLINGALL, Manager of the said
Company, of 45 Scotland Street, Glasgow, North Britain do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for evaporating concentrating, or distilling
liquids which operate in multiple effect and has for its object the economical
heating of the liquid to be treated before entering the first effect of the apparatus,
and this invention may also be employed for the purpose of raising the temperature
of one or more liquids other than or together with that supplied to the first effect
of such apparatus.
In applying this invention for heating the liquid to be treated in a multiple
effect apparatus for concentrating, evaporating or distilling the liquid is passed
through a tube, coil or other suitable heating vessel exposed to the liquid under
treatment in the last effect or to the vapor given off by that liquid, the said heating
surface being placed either in the liquor space or the vapor space or in a chamber
in intimate connection with one of the said spaces.
From the feed heating surface in connection with the last effect the liquid to be
treated is passed to a similar heating apparatus exposed to the liquid under treat-
ment in the second last effect or to the vapor given off by that liquid and so on
through the several effects constituting the apparatus till it receives its final
increment of heat from the liquid under treatment in the first effect or from the
vapor given off from that liquid and is then fed into the first effect.
This invention may also be employed for the purpose of economically raising
the temperature of one or more liquids other than that to be concentrated,
evaporated or distilled in which case the said liquid or liquids is or are caused to pass
through heating apparatus placed as already described either in the effects forming
the multiple apparatus or in chambers connected with them the particular effect or
effects through which the liquid or liquids pass being determined by the temperature
required.
This 2nd day of October 1890.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicants' Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating, and
Distilling Liquids.
We, ROBERT ANDREW ROBERTSON, of the firm of The Mirrlees Watson &
Yaryan Company Limited, Engineers, and DAVID BALLINGALL, Manager of the
said Company, both of 45 Scotland Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in apparatus for evaporating concentrating
and distilling liquids which operate in multiple effect, and has for its object the
utilization of a portion of the heat of the several vessels to raise the temperature of

page_text: the liquid fed into the apparatus or to raise the temperature of any other liquid or
liquids other than or together with that supplied to the first effect. The liquid
fed into the apparatus may be further treated by the steam or other heating
medium used in the first effect.
In carrying out this invention the liquid or liquids to be heated are passed
through a tube, tubes, coil, or other suitable heating vessel exposed to the liquid
under treatment in the last effect or to the vapour given off by that liquid, the said
heating surface being placed either in the liquor space or in the vapour space or in
a chamber in intimate connection with one of the said spaces.
From the heating surface in connection with the last effect the liquid to be
treated is passed to a similar heating apparatus exposed to the liquid under
treatment in the second last effect or to the vapour given off by that liquid and so
on through the several effects constituting the apparatus until it receives its final
increment of heat from the liquid in the first effect or from the vapour given off by
that liquid, and is then fed into the first effect or it may receive a further increment
of heat from the steam or other heating medium used in the heating drum of the
first effect before being fed into that effect.
Our invention may also be employed for the purpose of economically raising the
temperature of one or more liquids other than that to be concentrated, evaporated,
or distilled, in which case the said liquid or liquids is or are caused to pass through
heating apparatus placed as already described either in the effect forming the
multiple apparatus or in a chamber connected with them, the particular effect or
effects through which the liquid or liquids pass being determined by the temperature
required.
In order that our invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
effect we have hereunto appended three explanatory sheets of drawings in the
several figures of which corresponding parts are marked with the same letters of
reference.
Figure is a side elevation of a triple effect showing the application of the
invention with the heating arrangement placed in the liquor spaces.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of one effect showing end view of heating tubes
arranged as in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a triple effect with the heating arrangement placed
in sections of the evaporating drums.
Figure 4 is a plan of one effect showing the division between evaporating and
heating tubes arranged as in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a side elevation showing the application of the heating arrangement
in the evaporating drums or vessels of a triple effect Yaryan concentrator evaporator
or distiller (Watson & Robertson's Patent No. 8790, A.D. 1890).
Figure 6 is an end elevation of the arrangement shown in Figure 5.
In the several forms of multiple effect apparatus shown on the accompanying
drawings to which this invention is applied A1, A2, A3 are the evaporating drums
of the first, second, and third effects of the triple effect apparatus for concentrating
evaporating or distilling liquids. B1, B2, B3 are the tubes for heating the liquid
before it is fed into the first effect. C¹, C² are vapour pipes connecting the first and
second effects and the second and third effects. C³ is the vapour pipe from the
third effect to the condenser or atmosphere. D is the inlet pipe by which the cold
liquid is introduced to the heating tubes B3 of the last effect. The liquid after
passing through the tube or tubes of 133 and becoming partly warmed passes by the
pipe E to the heating tube or tubes B2 of the second effect. It passes through
the tube or tubes of this heater, getting further warmed to the pipe E³, by which it
is carried to the tube or tubes B₁ of the first effect where it acquires the last
increment of heat before being introduced to the evaporating tubes. From this it
passes by the pipe E³ to the evaporating tubes. F1 and F2 are pipes passing the
liquid being treated from effect to effect, and G is the discharge pipe for the concen-
trated liquid. H₁ and H2 are the pipes conveying the condensed water from the
drum of the first effect to the drum of the second effect, and from the drum of

page_text: the second effect to the drum of the third effect. H³ is the condensed water drain
from the drum of the last effect.
In the illustrations, Figures 1 to 6, the liquid is passed through the tubes, but a
coil or other suitable vessel may be used. A triple effect also has been illustrated
in all the figures, but the principle is applicable generally to all multiple effect
apparatus for concentrating, evaporating or distilling liquids irrespective of the
design or number of effects.
Any other liquid or liquids than that supplied to the first effect can be passed
through any or all of the heaters B1, B2, and B3 either without or along with the
liqui fed into the first effect, the heaters B1, B2, and B3 being subdivided into the
necessary compartments for the different liquids. The vessel or number of vessels
through which these liquids pass depend upon the temperatures from which and to
which they are to be raised.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In multiple effect apparatus for concentrating, evaporating, or distilling
liquids, the arrangement of heaters in the apparatus for heating the liquid before it
is fed into the concentrating, evaporating, or distilling portion of the apparatus
substantially as herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying sheets
of drawings.
2. In multiple effect apparatus for concentrating, evaporating, or distilling
liquids, the arrangement of heaters for heating one or more liquids other than or
together with that to be concentrated, evaporated, or distilled, substantially as herein-
before described.
Dated this 2nd day of July 1891.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicants' Agents.