IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOFS AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Riley, of Shoreditch, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOFS AND OTHER
PARTS OF BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 16th May 1873, and dated the 19th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Riley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th November 1872.
I, JAMES RILEY, of Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN Roors
AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
:-
In constructing roofs and other parts of buildings of corrugated zinc
or corrugated galvanised iron or other suitable metal, according to this
my Invention, great lightness both in weight and appearance will be
secured, combined with strength and economy, and also the plates or
sheets of metal are secured with greater facility than heretofore, while
at the same time fewer perforations are required for the bolts or screws
ordinarily used for securing the sheets of metal upon the framework of
a roof or other surface to be covered, in consequence of which there is

page_text: less liability that the roof becomes leaky by the
the said bolts.
working loose
ΟΙ
Upon the framework of the roof or other part to be covered, series of
rows of hooks are fixed at the required distance apart and upon the
under side of the corrugated metal, and spanning the corrugations is or
are soldered, rivetted, or otherwise fixed, a band or bands of metal, and
from the upper edge of the sheet or layer is cut a portion or portions,
rectangular in plan, of one or more of the sectionally semicircular cor-
rugations.
In applying the metal covering, the first or lower sheet or layer of
metal is placed upon the framework at a higher position than it is finally
to occupy, and it is then moved or slipped. down until the band or bands
of metal spanning the corrugations is or are in juxtaposition with one
or more hook or hooks of the first serial row of hooks fixed upon the
framework as aforesaid, and the second serial row of hooks are exposed
between the openings on the upper edge of the sheets or layers of metal
formed by the cutting away as aforesaid of the required number of
portions of the corrugations.
The second layer of metal is next applied, the band or bands spanning
the under part of the corrugations engaging with the second serial row
of hooks exposed as aforesaid, and each succeeding layer of metal is so
secured and overlaps the other.
When the roof is covered, according to the method above described,
the metal is made fast at the outer edges by screwed hooks, one end of
which said hooks clips a portion of the framework, and the outer end is
passed through the metal and is secured therein by a nut; or galvanised
or other wood screws may be used.
In forming a lining to an arch or bridge, cross bars or irons are secured
to the girders by clips of any convenient form, or where no girders are
used, wedges are driven into the brickwork and the necessary fastenings
are secured thereto.
My Invention is also applicable to the sides or walls of sheds and
other buildings as well as to roofs, and the corrugations may be either
in a concave or convex position, the metal in both cases being secured
to the supports in a similar manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Riley in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
RILEY, of Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said James Riley, Her special
licence that I, the said James Riley, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Riley, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN Roors AND
OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said James Riley, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Riley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the figures and letters on
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which similar letters refer to
similar parts (that is to say):
In constructing roofs and other parts of buildings of corrugated zinc
or corrugated galvanized iron or other suitable metal, according to this
my Invention, great lightness both in weight and appearance will be
secured, combined with strength and economy, and also the plates or
sheets of metal are secured with greater facility than heretofore, while
at the same time fewer perforations are required for the bolts or screws
ordinarily used for securing the sheets of metal upon the framework of

page_text: a roof or other surface to be covered, in consequence or which there is
less liability that the roof becomes leaky by the " working loose" of the
said bolts.
Upon the framework of the roof or other part to be covered, series of
rows of hooks are fixed at the required distance apart, and upon the
under side of the corrugated metal, and spanning the corrugations is or
are soldered, rivetted, or otherwise fixed a band or bands of metal, and
from the upper edge of the sheet or layer is cut a portion or portions,
rectangular in plan, of one or more of the sectionally semicircular
corrugations.
In applying the metal covering, the first or lower sheet or layer of
metal is placed upon the framework at a higher position than it is finally
to occupy, and it is then moved or slipped down until the band or bands
of metal spanning the corrugations is or are in juxtaposition with one
or more hook or hooks of the first serial row of hooks are exposed
between the openings on the upper edge of the sheets or layers of metal
formed by the cutting away as aforesaid of the required number of
portions of the corrugations.
The second layer of metal is next applied, the band or bands spanning
the under part of the corrugations engaging with the second serial row
of hooks exposed as aforesaid, and each succeeding layer of metal is so
secured and overlaps the other.
When the roof is covered, according to the method above described,
the metal is made fast at the outer edges by screwed hooks, one end of
which said hooks clips a portion of the framework, and the other end is
passed through the metal and is secured therein by a nut; or galvanized
or other wood screws may be used.
In forming a lining to an arch or bridge, cross bars or irons are secured
to the girders by clips of any convenient form, or where no girders are
used, wedges are driven into the brickwork and the necessary fastenings
are secured thereto.
My Invention is also applicable to the sides or walls of sheds and
other buildings as well as to roofs, and the corrugations may be either
in a concave or convex position, the metal in both cases being secured
to the supports in a similar manner.

page_text: In Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawings representing the frame-
work of a roof, the hooks forming the series of rows are marked a,
and a sheet A of the first layer or row of corrugated metal is shown
applied.
In Fig. 2 is represented the under side of a sheet of the first or lower
layer of the corrugated metal, the bands spanning the corrugations being
marked b and the openings formed by the cutting away of the rectan-
gular portions are shown at c.
In Fig. 3 is shown the under side of a sheet of the last or upper layer
of the corrugated metal.
In the formation of metal roofs or coverings, when screwed clips or
hooks are used, the corrugated metal is fixed by one end of each clip
clipping the angle iron, and its other end passing through the space
between the corrugations, and being there secured by a nut and washer ;
when desired, instead of screwing the clips, slots and keys may be
employed.
Where a wooden purling is used, the metal may be secured thereto by
galvanized or other screws passing through the parts of the circles
forming the corrugations, and these forms of roofs or coverings are
shewn in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, the clips being marked d, the
angle irons and purlins e, and the nuts and washers f, and one of the
clips is shewn in detail in Fig. 11.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
I claim the improved modes of constructing roofs and other parts of
buildings substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings.