IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PENS AND PENHOLDERS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Wiley, of 34, Great Hampton
Street, Birmingham, Pen and Pencil Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PENS AND PENHOLDERS."
Sealed the 8th August 1856, and dated the 9th May 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Wiley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th May 1856.
I; WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY,. of. 34, Great Hampton Street, Birmingham,
Pen and Pencil Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE. OF. PENS AND PENHOLDERS," to be as
follows:
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of pens
and penholders, and the improvements are directed to obviating and preventing
the injurious consequences of one of the nibs, of a pen. getting under the other,
and at the same time. to conducting the ink. to the nibs of a pen. For these
purposes rests or stops are introduced interior of a pen, in order to support the
nibs, and to prevent the points being: bent too far, inwards (particularly when
making an up stroke), and so as to prevent one nib going beyond or under
the other... The form. of the stops or.supports interior of a pen may be varied,
but it is preferred to form them on a plate or instrument (suitable for con-
ducting the ink to the points) fixed to the pen or to a penholder. The upper
edge of this plate or instrument passes through a slot or opening formed in the

page_text: pen
above the nibs or points, so as to conduct the ink both inside and outside
down to the points or nibs. The under edge of such plate or instrument has
a projection on either side of it (near its outer end or point or other part), on
which the nib or point of the pen on that side of the instrument rests when
the points of the pen are together, either when the pen is out of use or when
making an up stroke with the pen; or the outer end of the plate or instrument
may extend beyond the slot or opening, and be wide enough to support both
nibs. These stops or supports will prevent the nibs or points being forced
inwards and under one another in making an up stroke with the pen; or the
stop or support of one nib may be formed on or fixed to the other nib.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Wiley in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD WILEY, of 34, Great Hampton Street, Birmingham, Pen and Pencil
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of May,, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Wiley, Her special licence that I, the said William Edward
Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Edward Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PENS AND PENHOLDERS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Wiley, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters. Patent. .
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the, said William Edward Wiley, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:―
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of pens
and penholders; and the improvements are directed to obviating and preventing
the injurious consequence of one of the nibs of a pen getting under the other,
and at the same time to conducting the ink to the nibs of a pen. For these
purposes rests or stops are introduced introduced interior of a pen, in order to
support the nibs, and to prevent the points being bent too far inwards (particu-
larly when making an up stroke), and so as to prevent one nib going beyond
or under the other. The form of the stops or supports interior of a pen may
be varied, but it is preferred to form them on a plate or instrument (suitable
for conducting the ink to the points) fixed to the pen or to a penholder. The
upper edge of this plate or instrument passes through a slot or opening formed
in the pen above the nibs or points, so as to conduct the ink both inside and
outside down to the points or nibs. The under edge of such plate or instru-
ment has a projection on either side of it (near its outer end or point or other
parts), on which the nib or point of the pen on that side of the instrument
rests when the points of the pen are together, either when the pen is out of
use or when making an up stroke with the pen; or the outer end of the plate
or instrument may extend beyond the slot or opening, and be wide enough to
support the nibs. These stops or supports will prevent the nibs or points being
forced inwards and under one another in making an up stroke with the pen ;
or the stop or support of one nib may be formed on or fixed to the other nib. "
Having thus stated the nature of the Invention, I will proceed more fully to
.describe the manner of performing, the same.
. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a back view, Figure 2 a longitudinal section, and Figure 3.
a transverse section, of a pen and penholder having apparatus applied thereto
for preventing the nibs of the pen getting one under the other, whether in
making on n
stroke
the
A

page_text: instrument c perforated, as shown, in order to admit of the ink flowing from
side to side thereof. The instrument c, it is preferred, should be separate from.
the pen, so as to admit of its being used with a succession of pens made
suitable to receive it. For this purpose, the pen.a is made with a slot or
opening from a to a? of such a width that a portion of the instrument'c may
pass through it and not be touched thereby on either side, whilst the opening
or. slot, from a² to a is made narrow, so as to fit the instrument c, as shown';
and the instrument cis further held in position the projection a, which
enters a hole in the shoulder, as shewn. dis 'a slide to retain the instrument c
in position.
Figure 6 shows a back view, Figure 7 a longitudinal section, and Figure 8
a transverse section, of a pen and holder according to my Invention, in which
the means of retaining the instrument c in the pen and holder is somewhat
varied from that shewn in the previous Figures of the Drawing; Figure 9
shews a back view and an end view of the pen a separately; Figure 10' shews
part of a longitudinal section of the penholder separately. In this arrangement
or combination, the points or nibs of the pen, as in the previous one, are sup-
ported by the end c' of the instrument c. The pen is made with shoulders at
as, which enter the notches 62 in the penholder. The opening through this
pen for the passage of part of the instrument is of equal width from end to
end. There is a slit or opening d at the back of the holder, and there is also
a hole at e in front of the holder, into which a projection on the instrument
enters, as shown. fis. a slide.
.
Figure 11 shews two views of a pen and penholder with an instrument c
applied thereto. The instrument c, except as to its mode of fixing, is the same
as in the previous Figures. In this arrangement the instrument c is attached
to the holder, and is arranged to be moveable on an axis g, the slide retaining
the instrument correctly in position.
Figure 12 shows two views of a pen having an instrument c attached
thereto; Figure 13 shews three views of the pen separately; and Figure 14
shows three views separately of the instrument c. This instrument c may be
made with or without the projection, which when used comes in contact
with the paper, and thus forms a stop for regulating the width of the line;
and it also acts as a conductor of .ink when' the nibs or points of the pen are
opened out. The fore part of the instrument c in this case is formed with two
shoulders c, c, one on each side of the part i.
Figure 15 shows four views of a pen with an instrument c fixed thereto by
sockets, being formed by cutting and bending parts of the metal of which the
pen is formed; Figure 16 shows three views of the instrument c separately;

page_text: and Figure 17, two views of the pen separately. The pen is shown to be of
corrugated metal, but this may be varied.
Figure 18 shows a back view and a front view of another form of pen,
having projections c¹, c', formed in the plate of metal of which the pen itself
is made, as shown at Figure 19; and Figure 20 shows the two wire points
a, a, of gold, silver, or platina, or any suitable mixture of metals, which form
the nibs of the pen; sockets or holders a¹, a', for these nibs are produced
by cutting and bending the metal or material of which the pen is made, as
shown, so that when the pen is complete, the projections c', c', prevent either
of the nibs getting under or over the other.
Figure 21 shows another mode by which the nibs of a pen are prevented
from crossing over or under the other; and bending the metal, as shown at
3, 3, forms a suitable conductor for the ink. I would remark, that in place of
having the instrument c separate and moveable, the instrument c may be made
fast by soldering or otherwise to the pen or to the holder.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Wiley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
FRED HARRIS.
WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY. (L.S.)