IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS APPLIED IN JACQUARD'S LOOMS FOR SUBSTITUTING PAPER TO PASTEBOARD, AND IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THE SPECIAL SHEETS OF PAPER INTENDED TO SUPPLY THE SAID APPARATUS."
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul Pinel de Grandchamp, of No. 77, Rue de
Maubeuge, Paris, in the Republic of France, Lawyer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS APPLIED IN JACQUARD'S
LOOMS FOR SUBSTITUTING PAPER TO PASTEBOARD, AND IN THE PROCESS OF
PREPARING THE SPECIAL SHEETS OF PAPER INTENDED TO SUPPLY THE SAID
APPARATUS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Paul Pinel de Grand-
champ at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his.
Petition, on the 17th June 1871.
I, PAUL PINEL DE GRANDCHAMP, of No. 77, Rue de Maubeuge, Paris,
5 in the Republic of France, Lawyer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS APPLIED IN JACQUARD'S
LOOMS FOR SUBSTITUTING PAPER TO PASTEBOARD, AND IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARING

page_text: as follows: -
My Invention relates to the apparatus invented by Jean Baptiste
Acklin, for which he obtained Letters Patent dated the 29th of May
1855, No. 1224, but which could not be brought into practical use.
My improvements consist, firstly, in giving mobility to the box
containing the needles, hitting rods (butoirs), set of bars, and all the
interior fittings connected with the said pieces. The said box is
adjusted in the frame of the apparatus fixed on the jacquard loom so
that it can slide easily and be removed at any time for repairs or for
readjustment of the needles, hitting rods, or any other piece without
the necessity of taking the whole frame to pieces as hitherto.
Secondly. In the suppression of the plate used to lift up the needles,
and thereby permit the paper to move forward, this plate being super-
seded in my improved apparatus by a vertical frame provided with small
pins intended to support the needles by passing through a loop or hook
formed for this purpose by bending over one end of the said needles.
In my improved apparatus the needles support the hitting rods
("butoirs") shaped for the purpose instead of being supported by these
latter, so that the sliding box carrying all the aforesaid pieces can
be removed when required without anything falling out.
Thirdly. The plate over which the paper runs in the original system
being complicated and unhandy I have superseded it by a curved piece
which I term the cylinder plate ("plaque cylindre") and which is laid
over the driving shaft carrying the trundle wheel and paper catching
wheels. The said piece is kept in its normal position by a single hook
(which allows it to swing and thereby permit a very easy and rapid
introduction or removal of a sheet of paper.
My improvement relating to the preparation of the sheets of paper
intended to be punched out according to the design to be produced on
the loom consists in strengthening the said sheets after they have been
cut to the required regular width from endless pieces by pasting narrow
parallel strips of stout or Bristol paper to both their ends or side edges
and in the middle part, they being then punched with holes at proper
distances from each other, to be taken by the teeth of wheels set on the
driving shaft and intended to carry the paper forward.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Paul Pinel de Grandchamp in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th December 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PAUL
PINEL DE GRANDCHAMP, of No. 77, Rue de Maubeuge, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Lawyer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Paul Pinel de Grandchamp, Her special
licence that I, the said Paul Pinel de Grandchamp, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Paul Pinel de
Grandchamp, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS APPLIED IN JACQUARD'S LooOMS FOR
SUBSTITUTING PAPER TO PASTEBOARD, AND IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THE
SPECIAL SHEETS OF PAPER INTENDED TO SUPPLY THE SAID APPARATUS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Paul Pinel de Grandchamp,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Paul Pinel de Grandchamp, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer.
tained in and by the following statement:-
My improvements consist mainly, firstly, in making the box con-
taining the needles, hitting rods, sets of bars, and all the interior fittings
connected with the said pieces moveable. The said box is so adjusted
in the frame of the apparatus fixed on the jacquard loom that it can

page_text: slide easily to be removed at any time for repairs or for readjustment
of either the needles, hitting rods, or any other piece without being
obliged to take the whole frame to pieces, as was hitherto the case.
Secondly. In the suppression of the plate used to raise the needles
in order to allow the paper to move forward. In my improved apparatus
a vertical frame supersedes the said plate; this frame is provided with
small pins intended to support the needles by running through the bent
end of the said needles shaped for the purpose. In my improved
apparatus a twist or loop of the needles supports the hitting rods
("butoirs") instead of being supported by these latter, so that the
moveable box containing all the aforesaid pieces can be taken out
when required without anything falling out of it.
Thirdly. The plate over which the paper slid was in the original
Acklin's Patent rather complicated and unhandy; it is now superseded
by a partly curved piece, which I call the plate cylinder ("plaque
cylindre"), in which revolves the shaft carrying pointed toothed wheels
for carrying forward the sheet of paper. The said plate cylinder is kept
in its normal position by a single hook on each side which allows it to
swing away to permit the introduction or the removal of a new sheet of
paper very easily and quickly.
On the annexed Sheet of Drawing I have represented the top part
of a jacquard loom fitted with my paper apparatus, similar pieces being
indicated by the same letters of reference in each of the Figures
respectively.
Figure 1 is a front view of part of the jacquard loom with the frame
of the plate cylinder and needle box fitted on it; Figure 2 is a vertical
section of Figure 1; Figure 3, a top view of the frame of the said plate
cylinder, from which the perforated plate is removed; Figure 4, left
side view of the whole fittings connected with the needle box and plate
cylinder; Figure 5, right side view of the same; Figure 6, inside and
end views of the set of bars and cross section of the same; Figure 7,
under view of the moveable box carrying the needles, hitting rods, and
necessary pieces.
Figure 8 shows in full size a needle a with its hitting rod 6 engaged
in a loop or eye thereof, laying above the corresponding edge of the set
of bars; the said needle is hanging on the pin d above the sheet of
punched paper, represented by a red line which lies over the perforated
plate cylinder. Figure 9 is the needle alone turned on the other side.

page_text: A is the moveable box carrying the needles and hitting rods; B, the
frame of the plate cylinder perforated on its top part to receive the
needles; a, a, are the needles; b, b, the hitting rods;. ff, thin edge
bars of the set of bars; g, front covering plate of the same, Figs. 2, 6,
and 8; e, shaft of the plate cylinder fitted with three wheels f¹, the
pointed teeth of which projecting through a mortice cut in the per-
forated top plate drive the paper at each stroke of the loom. The
shaft e¹ carries a trundle wheel w, which is driven by catching hooks z, z¹,
the one for driving the paper forward and the other for driving it back
when required; they can be set in gear by suitable pieces u², u², x, x¹, as
shewn, Fig. 5. When the loom is working a rope is winding around a
pulley y, Figs. 3 and 5, a weight P hangs to the end of this rope; the
pulley which can slide without being loose on the shaft e¹ is kept in
gear with the trundle wheel w by the lever T, Figs. 1 and 5, the end of
which enters the groover of the pulley. When a portion of a figured
cloth has been woven to weave the next similar figure the paper must
be carried back. To perform this the lever T is pulled to the left,
which throws the pulley y out of gear from the trundle wheel, the
weight P unwinding the rope, the shaft e¹ revolves in an inverse
direction, and the wheels f¹ drive back the paper. The frame of the
plate cylinder can hinge on the pivots c¹, Figs. 2, 4, and 5, as aforesaid,
to lower it in order to introduce or take out the paper. When the
loom is working the plate cylinder is held steady in its place by suitable
hooks catching on the pins j.j. This part of the work is thus very
simple and very easily performed. The needles a, Figs. 8 and 9, are
hooked at their upper part; they are supported by small pins d running
through a moveable frame d¹ on the top of the needle box, each pin
supporting a row of six needles; they are kept in place by a small
plate q fixed before the frame d¹. The needles are twisted or looped at
a¹ to form an eye, in which runs the hitting rod b, the fore end of which
rests on the edge of a cross piece f of the set of bars, whilst the opposite
end fitted with a flat head is placed betwixt two perforated plates h³, h¹¹.
The plate his moveable, that is to say, when the hitting rods 6 move
forwards it follows the same motion, but returns directly to its first
position by the action of helical springs or any other suitable contrivance
fixed on each side of the needle box A. Adjustable or setting screws
permit the regulation of the position of the set of bars 9 in relation to.
the hitting rods. On the top at each side of the moveable needle box A
are two bearings, in which turns a shaft fitted with a handle and two.
4

page_text: small projecting arms k, k¹; by bearing on the handle both ends of the
pin carrying frame d¹, d¹, are raised up, and likewise all the needles
together, as may be necessary in some circumstances.
I will now describe the working of the apparatus. At each stroke
of the loom the cross bar M is raised by any suitable contrivance
and slides betwixt the uprights N, N, carrying with it the rods S, S¹,
on each side of the needle box A, the said rods running in guides u, u, u¹, u¹,
Figs. 4 and 5, fixed above and below the frame of the apparatus. The
moveable needle box A carries at each end friction rollers t, t, t¹, t¹,
betwixt which run the rods S, S₁; the said rods have inclined faces I, I',
towards their middle part, which inclines, when running betwixt the
friction rollers, push forward the needle box (this movement has taken
place in the Figs. 4 and 5) this forward motion is performed by the
up movement of the rods S, S¹, but their down motion brings back the
box A to its former position, this being effected by the descent of the
heavy cross bar M and rods S, S¹. In the upward motion of the rods S, S¹,
the incline I after having driven forward the needle box A drives to
the left a roller a¹, carried by the swing contrivance x, u², x¹, so combined
that any of the catching hooks zor z¹ may be brought to work at
pleasure on the trundle wheel w to actuate it, either to the right or to
the left to drive the paper forth or back. Of course the motion of the
perforated paper can be operated only when the needles are out of the
holes, and their up motion is operated by the sliding rod S, Fig. 4,
which carries a small roller at its lower end, the said roller catching
the incline v of the lever m¹ causes it to swing with the shaft o¹
which is as long as the needle box, when the two arms k, k¹, at each
end of said shaft raise up the frame d', d, and in this motion all the
needles being brought up those engaged in the holes of the paper
are released, the paper can move by the action of the trundle wheel,
and a new set of holes is brought to receive other needles which fall
through them by the swinging back of the lever m² and arms k, k³,
this causing the pin carrying frame to be restored to its former place.
When the needles opposite to the holes of the paper fall through the
said holes they carry along the corresponding hitting rods, which are
brought between the thin edges f of the set of bars, the latter being
impelled forward by the jacquard loom drives forward all the hitting rods
corresponding to needles which did not find holes to fall in, in order to
drive away the jacquard hooks o, o, o, which have not to work.

page_text: My Invention being now described and illustrated by the annexed
Sheet of Drawing I desire it to be well understood that the main points
I claim for substituting paper to pasteboard in jacquard looms for
weaving all kinds of figured or ornamented stuffs are as follows :-
:―
Firstly. The moveableness given to the box or case containing the
needles, hitting rods, set of bars, and all accessory fittings connected
therewith, so as to be enabled to remove it quickly and easily to make
any repair.
Secondly. Suppression of the plate hitherto used to raise the needles
after their action in order to permit the paper to move forward, the
plate being superseded by a vertical frame provided with small pins
running through the bent upper end of the needles to support them,
the shape of the needles bent as just mentioned and twisted or looped
towards their middle part for the passage of the hitting rods, all the
said pieces being compactly fitted in the aforesaid moveable box.
Thirdly. Replacing the double perforated plates between which the
paper ran by a single piece perforated at the top, which I have herein
termed the plate cylinder, and in which revolves a shaft carrying pointed
toothed wheels which drive the paper, the said plate cylinder being made
to hinge at a when required for introducing or taking out paper very
quickly and easily, and being kept in its working position by two single
hooks.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul Pinel de Grandchamp, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.
Signed and sealed in the
presence of
L. D'AUBRÉVILLE, C.E.
P. PINEL DE GRANDCHAMP. (L.S.)