AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVE- MENTS IN COATING SHEETS OR PLATES OF IRON WITH LEAD OR TIN, OR ALLOYS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Banks, of Kidderminster, in the County of
Worcester, Manufacturer, and Thomas Morgan, of Kidderminster, afore-
said, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COATING SHEETS OR PLATES OF IRON WITH LEAD OR TIN, OR ALLOYS
Sealed the 9th July 1861, and dated the 8th February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Banks and Thomas
Morgan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th February 1861.
We, THOMAS BANKS, of Kidderminster, in the County of Worcester,
Manufacturer, and THOMAS MORGAN, of Kidderminster aforesaid, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
OB IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING SHEETS OR PLATES OF IRON WITH LEAD OR TIN, OR
ALLOYS OF LEAD AND TIN," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the use of rosin, either alone or mixed with tallow
or palm oil or other fatty matter, or with salammoniac in place of the flux or
layer of grease which is ordinarily put on the surface of the melted metal
in which the plates or sheets of iron are immersed to be coated. We prefer
to confine the rosin, or mixture containing rosin, to that portion of the surface
of the bath of metal at which the sheet or plate of iron to be coated is
immersed. This may be effected by confining the rosin, or mixture containing

page_text: rosin, in a box or receptacle having long narrow openings at top and bottom,
through the upper of which the sheet or plate is introduced into the rosin or
mixture containing rosin. The sheet or plate passes from the lower opening
in the said box or receptacle into the bath of melted metal. The said box or
receptacle is supported over the bath of melted metal so that its lower opening
is just immersed in the melted metal. The said box or receptacle has a casing
surrounding it, and steam is passed into the space between the said box and
its casing in order to keep the rosin, or mixture containing rosin, melted.
In place of the box or receptacle described, the following arrangement may
be adopted. The bath containing the melted metal is contracted in width
near the top, so as to form at that part a long narrow "passage, through which
the sheet or plate to be coated can be readily passed. The bath expands
above the neck or contracted part, and is filled with metal up to the neck,
and with rosin, or mixture containing rosin, above the neck. By this arrange-
ment the sheet or plate is both passed into and withdrawn from the melted
metal through the rosin, or mixture containing rosin. The said rosin or
mixture, being in contact with the melted metal only at the neck of the bath,
is not heated too much by the melted metal. Or we use a bath with a par-
tition at the top, the melted metal on one side of the partition being covered
with rosin, or mixture containing rosin, and the metal on the other side of the
partition being free from the rosin or mixture. In this arrangement the plates
are first plunged in that part of the bath covered with the rosin or mixture,
and on being withdrawn from that part are plunged into the other or un-
covered part, by which last immersion the rosin or mixture left on the plate
by the first immersion is removed. Or the plate may be introduced at that
part of the bath covered with rosin, or mixture containing rosin, and having
been passed under the partition, may be withdrawn from the bath at the part
uncovered with the rosin or mixture. But we do not limit ourselves to the
use of any particular arrangement of apparatus, the essence of our Invention
consisting in the use of rosin, or mixtures containing rosin, on the surface of a
bath of lead or tin, or alloys of lead and tin, through which rosin or mixture
the sheets or plates of iron to be coated are passed into the melted metal.
When rosin, or a mixture containing rosin, as herein first described, is used
in the coating of sheets or plates of iron with lead, there is not the tendency
to rust in the coated plate which exists when salammoniac is used. For
coating sheets or plates of iron with tin, or alloys of tin and lead, the use
of rosin, or a mixture containing rosin, is more economical than the use of
grease.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Banks and Thomas Morgan in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
5 BANKS, of Kidderminster, in the County of Worcester, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS MORGAN, of Kidderminster, aforesaid; Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letter's
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Thomas Banks and Thomas Morgan, Her special licence that we, the
said Thomas Banks and Thomas Morgan, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Banks and Thomas Morgan,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN
COATING SHEETS OR PLATES OF IRON WITH LEAD OR TIN, OR ALLOYS OF LEAD AND
TIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Banks
and Thomas Morgan, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Banks and Thomas Morgan,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
In the ordinary method or methods of coating sheets or plates of iron with
lead or tin, or with alloys of lead and tin, the said sheets or plates, after having
been well cleaned, are immersed in a bath of melted lead or tin, or alloy of
lead and tin, the surface of the melted metal being covered with a layer of
melted grease or some easily fused flux, such as salammoniac, through which
layer of grease or flux the sheet or plate is passed before entering the melted
metal.
Our Invention consists in the use of rosin, either alone or mixed with tallow

page_text: or palm oil or other fatty matter, or with salammoniac or other flux, in place
of the flux or layer of grease ordinarily put on the surface of the melted metal
in which the plates or sheets of iron are immersed to be coated. We prefer
to confine the rosin, or mixture containing rosin, to that portion of the surface
of the bath of metal at which the sheet or plate of iron to be coated is
immersed. This may be effected by confining the rosin, or mixture containing
rosin, in a box or receptacle having long narrow openings at top and bottom,
through the upper of which openings the sheet or plate is introduced into the
rosin, or mixture containing rosin. The sheet or plate passes from the lower
opening in the said box or receptacle into the bath of melted metal. The said
box or receptacle is supported over the bath of melted metal so that its lower
opening is just immersed in the melted metal. The said box or receptacle
has a casing surrounding it, and steam is passed between the said box and its
casing, in order to keep the rosin, or mixture containing rosin, melted.
In place of the box or receptacle described, the following arrangement may
be adopted, by which arrangement the said box or receptacle may be dispensed
with, and the bath itself may be so made as to effect nearly the same object
as the said box or receptacle, that is to say, the bath containing the melted
metal is contracted in width near the top, so as to form at that part a long-
narrow passage, through which the sheet or plate to be coated can be readily.
passed. The bath expands above the neck or contracted part, and is filled
with metal up to the neck, and with rosin, or mixture containing rosin, above
the neck. By this arrangement the sheet or plate is both passed into and
withdrawn from the melted metal through the rosin or mixture containing
rosin. The said rosin or mixture being in contact with the melted metal only
at the neck of the bath is not heated too much by the melted metal. Or we
use a bath with a partition extending across the top, the lower edge of the
said partition dipping below the surface of the melted metal, and the top-of
the said partition rising above the melted metal, and dividing its surface from
side to side of the bath. The melted metal on one side of the partition is
covered with rosin, or mixture containing rosin, and the metal on the other
side of the partition is free from the rosin or mixture: In this arrangement
the plates or sheets are first plunged in that part of the bath covered with the
rosin, or mixture containing rosin, and on being withdrawn from that part are
plunged into the other or uncovered part, by which last immersion the rosin
or mixture left on the plate by the first immersion is removed. Or the plate
may be introduced at that part of the bath covered with rosin, or mixture
containing rosin, and having been passed under the partition, may be with-
drawn from the bath at the part uncovered with the rosin or mixture. But

page_text: we do not limit ourselves to the use of any particular arrangement of appa-
ratus, the essence of our Invention consisting in the use of rosin, or mixtures
containing rosin, on the surface of a bath of lead or tin, or alloys of lead and
tin, through which rosin or mixture the sheets or plates of iron to be coated
are passed into the melted metal.
When rosin, or a mixture containing rosin, as herein first described, is used
in the coating of sheets or plates of iron with lead, there is not the same
tendency to rust in the coated plates which exists when salammoniac is used.
For coating sheets or plates of iron with tin, or alloys of tin and lead, the use
of rosin, or a mixture containing rosin, is more economical than the use of
grease.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we claim as
our Invention the improvement or improvements in coating sheets or plates of
iron with lead or tin, or alloys of lead and tin, herein-before described, that
is to say, the use on the surface of the bath of melted metal with which the
iron is to be coated of rosin, either alone or mixed with tallow, palm oil, or
other fatty matter, or with salammoniac or other flux, in place of the tallow
or flux ordinarily used on the surface of the said bath of melted metal.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Banks and Thomas Morgan,
have hereunto set our bands and seals, this Second day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
JAMES BATHAM,
Solicitor, Kidderminster.
(L.B.)
THOMAS BANKS.
THOMAS MORGAN. (L.B.)