Improvements in and relating to Vehicles for Distributing Liquid or other Substances.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1895-Accepted, 18th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Vehicles for Distributing Liquid
or other Substances.
1, DONALD MCINTYRE of 13 Duncan Street, Greenock, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain Cartwright, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to wheeled vehicles such as watering carts and
seed distributors and has for its objects;
ist, to adapt them, by combining them with special appliances and mechanism,
for the distribution of liquid or granular substances, such as water, liquid
manure, salt, guano, seeds, sand, or other material, in showers of spray by means
of paddles, brushes or wheels actuated and revolved by certain motions of the
vehicle, communicated through axles and geared wheels.
2nd to diminish the time and labour required for distributing liquid and other
substances in the manner indicated; by covering a larger area at one time than is
practicable with the appliances at present in use for similar purposes.
In carrying out this invention in connection with a watering cart having a barrel
or tank mounted upon a wheeled frame I construct and actuate certain spray
distributing devices as follows: one of the cart wheels is fitted with a toothed rim
or spur wheel for engaging with a pinion wheel which is fitted loose upon the end
of a shaft supported in journals within or upon the cart frame. The bore of this
pinion wheel contains a groove which is fitted upon a web or keel formed upon the
end of the said shaft so that the said pinion may, by a simple (lever) contrivance,
be put in or out of gear with the toothed rim upon the cart wheel. One or more
toothed and bevelled wheels are keyed or otherwise fitted upon the said shaft and
engage with similar wheels upon the ends of shafts fitted transversely to that first
named and projecting backwards to the tail of the cart. These transverse shafts
are supported by brackets or journals in or upon the cart or cart frame and are
furnished upon their rear ends with paddles or brushes encased in hooded troughs
within which they can be revolved by the motions of the vehicle when suitably
geared with the cart wheel or wheels.
The water is led from the aforesaid barrel or tank into the said troughs at any
convenient point; sometimes into their base and sometimes from above the brush,
and is controlled by one or more valves and lever appliances for opening and closing
them.
When the water enters the lower part of the trough it is lifted therefrom by
the brush or paddle as the latter is rapidly revolved and is cast in the form of spray
upon the whole or any part of the path taken by the vehicle. The water is
alternatively led through one or more pipes upon the top of each brush and is
converted into fine spray by the rapid rotation of the brush when geared as just
described to a moving vehicle. The nozzle of each last named pipe is adjustable
or capable of being oscillated for the purpose of delivering the water upon
the periphery of the brush at any one of various points. This method of
delivering the water upon the upper face of the brush at more than one point
successively or alternately, results in the spray being cast higher or lower, near or
far off as required.
Each oscillating nozzle of the water feed pipes is actuated by a rod or lever
placed conveniently for being operated by the driver. Each of the brush or
paddle spreaders is fed through a separate valve connected with the tank or cart so

page_text: that one valve may be open and one spray distributor at work whilst the other
valve is closed and its associate brush or paddle is ineffective. These valves are
actuated by rods levers or chains placed conveniently for being operated by the
driver.
The troughs are sometimes provided with movable and adjustable covers which
serve to control and direct the spray-also with movable flaps or doors which
afford access to the base of each trough and these serve also to guide and regulate
the spray. Liquid manure is by preference fed into the base of each trough and
thence distributed in spray by means of a rapidly revolving paddle rather than
a brush as the solid admixtures in such tillage have a tendency to choke the
brushes.
For distributing salt, sand, seeds, and other solid substances contained within the
body of a cart by means of paddle wheels operated similarly to those above
described within troughs-all of which are combined with the said cart-the
mechanism for revolving the paddles corresponds with that herein described; the
solid material contained in the cart is agitated by one or more scrapers geared to
the revolving mechanism which move the material gradually into one or more
hoppers at the tail of the cart whence it descends into the troughs. A valve or
shutter is fitted within each shoot down which the material passes to the paddle
trough and these together with the scrapers are all controlled by levers rods or
other appliances conveniently placed within reach of the driver whereby any or all
of them can be rapidly and easily put in or out of gear.
The aforesaid devices are intended for combination with small or large vehicles
whether operated by hand steam horse or other motive power: also with one brush
(or paddle) only or with more than one.
These brushes and paddles can be geared so that they each revolve either in
the same direction or in opposite ones.
Dated this 30th day of June 1894.
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
263, Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Vehicles for Distributing Liquid
or other Substances.
I, DONALD MCINTYRE of 13 Duncan Street Greenock in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain Cartwright do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates chiefly to wheeled vehicles such as watering carts and seed
distributors and has for its objects;
1st. To adapt them by combining therewith special appliances and mechanism
for the distribution of liquid or granular substances, such as water, liquid manure,
salt, guano, seeds, sand or other materials, in showers of spray by means of paddles,
brushes or wheels actuated and revolved by certain motions of the vehicle
communicated through axles and geared wheels.
2nd. To diminish the time and labour required for distributing liquid and other
substances in the manner indicated by covering a larger area at one time than is
practicable with the appliances at present in use for similar purposes.
The invention will be better understood if reference is made to the accompanying
drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a side view in elevation of a two-wheeled water or fluid cart made in
accordance with this invention :

page_text: accordance with this invention :
Fig. 3 is a side view in elevation of a sand, seed or dry substance distributing
cart made in accordance with this invention :
Fig. 4 is a plan view with water barrel removed of the two-wheeled cart shewn
in Fig. 1 and
Fig. 5 is a back view in elevation of the same cart:
Fig. 6 is a plan view of the four-wheeled cart shewn in Fig. 2, and
Fig. 7 is a back view in elevation shewing parts thereof.
Corresponding letters and numerals are employed throughout these illustrations
to indicate corresponding parts.
Referring to the drawings, the toothed rim A Figs. 1 to 6 is for engaging with
the spurred pinion wheel B which is fitted moveably upon the spindle C and adapted
for being put in or out of gear with the rim A by such means as the lever D
pivotted to the cart frame E at 'Fig. 1 or by similar simple or equivalent means.
One or more bevilled wheels F are fixed upon the spindle C and engage with one
or more cone shaped pinions G upon the end or ends of the shaft or shafts H, the
latter having bearings in the brackets and el, Figs. 3 and 4 or their equivalents.
On the rear end of each shaft H a brush J or paddle K is fixed and enclosed in a
more or less hooded trough L, the latter being suitably provided with openings for
the free passage of the liquid or dry substances before named and are united to the
cart body by means of such brackets as those marked Figs. 1 to 7.
Each pipe M conveys the fluid contents of the barrel P or tank Q into a
trough L and when the outer end of this pipe is fitted in the upper part of the
trough above the distributer J the end m' is adapted for being oscillated and fixed
in different positions so as to deliver the fluid on the periphery of the distributer J
in any one of various positions whereby the spread or range of the spray is made
to cover either a wide or narrow space to suit wide or narrow roads or carriage-
ways. The distance to which the fluid spray is thrown by the revolving distributer
is materially affected and regulated by the part of the periphery upon which the
fluid is delivered. It is for this purpose that the pipe end m¹ is made capable of
being oscillated between the joint m² and a bearing at m³. The adjustment of the
pipe end or ends and the movement of them is effected by means of the
rods N or actuated by the driver at n² or n³ and oscillates the pipe or pipes m¹
by connection with the parts or no or by equivalent devices.
Each pipe M is fitted with a valve and is opened or closed by means of chains
pullies pivotted levers and other simple contrivances marked R and ¹ upon the
drawings and placed conveniently for operation by the driver.
The brackets ' connect the troughs to the cart frame E or e¹. The bracket e
Figs. 1 and 4 prevents injury to the troughs and supports the cart when it is
tilted.
When fluid is fed into the lower part of the trough L and distributed by a
revolving brush J or paddle K the pipe M has no oscillating end mor
devices N to n³.
In Fig. 2 the parts marked a, b, c, represent chain wheel gearing for driving
the distributers and is a weighted pulley pivotted to e for pressing upon the
chain cand regulating its tension as the springs are operated by the weight of the
vehicle when it is in motion.
The oscillating pipe m' has a nozzle outlet of flattened or fan-tail form m²,
Fig. 1, equal in breadth to the periphery of the distributer J for the purpose of
delivering the fluid upon the full breadth thereof.
In Fig. 3, the distributer K fitted upon the spindle H consists of a paddle
wheel with numerous blades, flat, perforated, dished, serrated or of any convenient
form according to the nature and requirements of the substance which it has to
spread. The troughs and driving gear A, B, C, F, G, H of the cart S
represented in Fig. 3 correspond in all essential particulars to those already
described.

page_text: The seed, sand or other dry contents of the cart S shewn in Figure 3 descends
into the lower part of each trough L down the sliding shoot the entrance to
which is controlled by a valve plug or shutter operated by means of the wheel s¹
and the said contents are agitated and drawn towards the entrance of the said
shoot or shoots by chain or other flexible appliances operated by one or more chain
belts and pullies connected with the nave axletree or other parts of the cart and
its wheels. Such a chain belt is indicated by the dotted line a² which rotates the
chain pulley fixed upon the end of a drum carried by brackets s³ fitted upon the
cart sides. Another drums is fitted upon slides and a flexible endless belt or
harrow represented by the dotted line a³ is carried by the drums and s¹ this
rests upon the surface of the carts' contents and drags it towards the aforesaid
shoot whenever the chain gearing puts the said drums in operation by the motion
of the cart. The floor of the cart is made higher at the front, sloping towards
the rear as indicated by the dotted lines Fig. 3 and predisposes the dry contents
of the cart to move onwards to the shoot when the vehicle is in motion.
Referring to Figures 5 and 7 the oblique rods n are designed for operating the
oscillating pipe nozzles m¹ in opposite directions simultaneously. The material
(dry or fluid) to be spread, is ordinarily cast by each distributer in the dircction
of the opposite one but the rods and brackets are capable of being so
arranged and the wheels of the distributers so geared that each pair of distributers
and each pair of nozzles, m³, shall revolve simultaneously each in the same
direction as its companion.
The lever D2, Figs. 2 and 6 is for putting the pinion wheel Fig. 2 in or out of
gear with the bevilled wheels F by means of a simple clutch when the chain
gearing a shewn in Fig. 2 is adopted in preference to that marked A and B
in the other drawings.
The plate marked 12 Figs. 5, 6 and 7 unites the two troughs L shown in these
drawings.
In a wheeled vehicle adapted for manual propulsion and the distribution of fluid
substance in showers of spray in accordance with this invention only one spindle H
and one distributer J or K are combined and the spray is distributed to the right
or left alternately as the vehicle is moved in one direction or drawn back without
turning it round, the trough being suitably arranged for the discharge first to the
right and then to the left.
I am aware that previous to my invention carts have been made with turbine or
serrated rose discs fixed upon vertical spindles for spreading dry or liquid substances
by rotary motion and that the said discs were operated by the motions of the
vehicle communicated through bevilled wheels spindles chain belts pullies and
other accessories: also that agricultural implements for unearthing potalces have
been made with paddle shaped wheels fixed upon the rear ends of horizontal
spindles geared to and rotated by the motion of, the driving wheels of the
implement it will therefore be understood that I do not claim these things broadly
as my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. In a wheeled vehicle for the spray distribution of fluid substance the
combination therewith of one or more horizontal spindles H adapted for com-
municating rotary motion from the wheels of the vehicle to one or more
distributers or Kall substantially as berein described and drawn or any mere
modification thereof for the purposes specified.
2nd. In a wheeled vehicle for the spray distribution of fluid substance the
combination therewith of one or more brushes J adapted for being rotated by
one or more horizontal spindles I all substantially as herein described and drawn
or any mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
3rd. In a wheeled vehicle for the spray distribution of fluid substance the

page_text: combination therewith of one or more paddle wheels K adapted for being rotated
by one or more horizontal spindles H, all substantially as herein described and
drawn or any mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
4th. In a wheeled vehicle for the spray distribution of fluid substance the
combination therewith of the oscillating nozzle pipe m' and operating devices
therefor all substantially as herein described and drawn or any mere modification
thereof for the purposes specified.
5th. In a wheeled vehicle for the spray distribution of dry substance the com-
bination therewith of one or more paddle wheels K and horizontal spindles H all
substantially as herein described and drawn or any mere modification thereof for
the purposes specified.
Dated this 30th day of March 1895.
JOSEPH
LOCKWOOD,
263, Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.