Improvements in Turning and Screw-cutting Lathes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 20th June, 1890-Accepted, 26th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Turning and Screw-cutting Lathes.
We, JOSEPH BARROW, and WILLIAM SHANKS, of the Union Iron Works, Johnstone,
in the County of Renfrow North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
this Invention to be as follows, that is to say -
Our said Invention has for its object to construct, combine, and arrange parts in an
improved manner to form a turning and screw-cutting lathe capable of doing a great
variety of work accurately, conveniently, and satisfactorily.
Our improved lathe is what is termed double-geared; it has guide-screw and rack-
and-pinion traverse motions with change-wheel and engaging and disengaging
arrangements; it has a saddle with universal slide-rest details and horizontal angular
adjustinent and it has a following headstock with special adjusting, details.
The main spindle is geared to the back shaft with two pairs of spurwheels of
different ratios either of which pairs can be put into gear as required. The outer part
of the main spindle has on it two pinions one to gear directly with one spurwheel on
a small counter shaft, and the other gearing with an intermediate pinion provided for
giving a reversed motion to a second spurwheel on the counter shaft, either spurwheel
on the counter shaft being put into gear as required. On the outer end of the counter
shaft is one of three change wheels for giving motion to the guide screw, the inter-
niediate wheel being carried by a stud adjustable along a groovo in an arm carried on
the bearing bracket for the end of the guide screw. The arm is held in any required
angular position to suit the change wheels in use by a binding screw arranged to draw
together the divided ends of the part fitting on the bearing bracket.
The guide-screw shaft has on it near the end bearing bracket three differently sized
spurwheels each for engaging with one of three corresponding spurwheels on a
parallel shaft, the latter spurwheels being on a sleeve engaging with the shaft by a
key and groove and adjustable on the shaft for putting any pair of the wheels into
gear.
The saddle carries the usual segmental nut for engaging with the guide screw when
the saddle is to be traversed thereby-this nut being movable by an eccentric which
is turned by means of a toothed sector on a handled lever. The parallel shaft has on
it a travelling worm which gears with a worm wheel on a transverse shaft carried by
the saddle. The wormwheel shaft has on it a pinion gearing with a spurwheel on the
rack-pinion shaft for traversing the saddle, the spurwheel being connected to the shaft
with a friction-cone clutch by means of which it can be engaged or disengaged as
required. On the wormwheel shaft there is also a spurwheel provided with a friction-
cone engaging and disengaging clutch and gearing with a pinion on a transverse
screw spindle carried by the saddle for giving an automatic feed to the transverse
slide. The transverse slide carries an angularly movable block fitted with an upper
slide or tool holder with its adjusting or feeding screw. The angularly inovable block
is made with an annular bottom part of dovetail section which is held by a counter-
part ring secured in a circular recess in the top of the transverse slide and tightened
by means of a pinching screw so as to hold the upper block in any required angular
position.
The following headstock is made with a sole which is separate from the upper part
and fits upon the lathe bed; and a transverse screw spindle is arranged for adjusting
the upper part. The holding-down bolts have no transverse movement in the head-
stock but pass through elongated holes in the sole and in the clamps underneath.
A.lug or bracket is formed or fixed upon the outer end of the bottom of the upper part

page_text: of the headstock; and a screw tapped through it is made to bear on the end of the
sole, when any transverse adjustment has been made and then binds the sole and
upper part rigidly together.
Dated this Twenty-third day of September 1889.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.
·
"COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I
Improvements in Turning and Screw-cutting Lathes.
We,, JOSEPH BARROW, and WILLIAM SHANKS, of the Union Iron Works Johnstone,
: in the County of Renfrew, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of-
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say-
Our said Invention has for its object to construct, combine, and arrange parts-in-an
improved manner to form a turning and screw-cutting lathe capable of doing a great
variety of work accurately, conveniently and satisfactorily.
Our improved lathic is what is termed double-geared; it has guide-screw and
rack-and-pinion traverse motions with change wheel and engaging and disengaging
arrangements; it has a saddle with universal slide-rest details and horizontal angular
adjustment; and it has a following headstock with special adjusting details.
And in order that our said Invention and the manner of performing the same may
“be properly understood we hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings to be
hereinafter referred to and showing our improvements.
Figures, 1, 2, and 3, on sheet 1, of the accompanying drawings are an end elevation,
a' sectional plan, and a front elevation of the headstock end of our improved lathe.
Figures, 4, 5, and 6, on sheet, 2, are a plan, a front elevation and a sectional end
elevation of the slide-rest and following headstock of the lathe. In these drawings
"the same reference numerals are used to mark the saine or like parts wherever they
"are repeated.
The main spindle, 10, is geared to the back shaft, 11, with two pairs of spur-
wheels, 12, 13, 14, 15, of different ratios either of which pairs can be put into gear as
required by means of a key, 16, (figure 2) working in a groove in the sleeve, 17, of
the back shaft, 11, and engaging in a recess in either of the spurwheels, 12, or 14,
being held in position by means of a spring finger, 18, having a projection on
"its under side which is entered into one of two holes in the sleeve, 17. In the
"drawings the spurwheel, 12, is-sliown as engaged with the shaft, 11, the spurwheel, 14,
running loose thereon. The outer part of the main spindle, 10, has on it two
pinions, 19, 20, one 19; gearing directly with one spurwheel, 21, on a sleeve, 27, on a
small counter shaft, 22, and the other, 20, gearing with an intermediate pinion, 23; on
a stud, 24, held in the bearing bracket, 25, for the main spindle, 10. The spur-
wheel, 20, and pinion, 23, are provided, so that, when required a reversed motion may
be given to a second spurwheel, 26, on 'the sleeve, 27, by moving the sleeve. along
the shaft, 22, so as to cause the spurwheel, 20, to gear with the pinion, 23, this
movement disengaging the spurwheels, 19, 21. On the outer end of the counter
shaft, 22; is one, 28, of three change wheels, 28, 29, 30, for giving motion to the
guide screw, 31, the intermediate wheel, 29, being carried by a stud, 32,
railjustable along a groove; 33, in an arm, 34, carried on the bearing bracket, 35, for
the end of the guide screw, 31. The arm, 34, is held in any required angular position
to suit the change wheels, (28, 29, 30) in use by a binding screw, 36, arranged
to draw together the divided ends of the part fitting on the bearing bracket, 35.
:1
.
The guide screw shaft, 31, has on it near the end bearing bracket, 35, three
differently sized spurwheels, 37, 38, 39, each for engaging with one of three
corresponding spurwheels, 40, 41, 42, on a parallel shaft, 43, the latter spurwheels

page_text: being on a sleeve, 44, engaging with the shaft, 43, by a key and groove, 45, and
adjustable on the shaft, 43, for putting any pair of the wheels into gear.
The saddle, 46, carries the usual segmental nut, 47, (figure 6) for engaging with
the guide screw, 31, when the saddle, 46, is to be traversed thereby, this nut, 47,
being movable by an eccentric, 48, which is turned by means of a toothed sector, 49,
(both shown by dotted lines in figure 6) on a handled lever, 50. The parallel
shaft, 43, has on it a travelling worn, 51, which gears with a wormwheel, 52, (shown
by dotted lines in figure 6) on a transverse shaft, 53, carried by the saddle, 46. The
worm wheel shaft, 53, has on it a pinion, 54, (shown by dotted lines in figure 5)
gearing with a spurwheel, 55, on the rack-pinion shaft, 56, for traversing the
saddle, 46, the spurwheel, 55, being connected to the shaft, 56, with a friction-cone
clutch, 57, by means of which it can be engaged or disengaged as required: On the
worm wheel shaft, 53, there is also a spurwheel, 58, provided with a friction-cone
engaging and disengaging clutch, 59, and gearing with a pinion, 60, on a transverse
screw spindle, 61, carried by the saddle, 46, for giving an automatic feed to the
transverse slide, 62. The transverse slide, 62, carries an angularly movable block, 63,
fitted with an upper slide or tool holder, 64, with its adjusting or feeding screw, 65..
The angularly movable block, 63, is made with an annular bottom part, 66, of dovetail
section which is held by a counterpart ring, 67, secured in a circular recess in the top
of the transverse slide, 62, and tightened by means of a pinching screw, 68, so as to
hold the upper block, 63, in any required angular position.
The following headstock, 69, is made with a solo, 70, which is separate from the
upper part and fits upon the lathe bed, 71, and a transverse screw spindle, 72,
is arranged for adjusting the upper part. The holding-down bolts, 73, have no
transverse movement in the headstock, 69, but pass through elongated holes in the
sole, 70, and in the clamps, 74, underneath. A lug or bracket, 75, is formed or fixed
upon the outer end of the bottom of the upper part of the headstock, 69, and a
screw, 76, tapped through it is made to bear on the end of the sole, 70, when any
transverse adjustment has been made and then binds the sole, 70, and upper part
rigidly together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
The combination and arrangement of parts constituting our improved turning
and screw-cutting lathes substantially as hereinbofore described and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this Nineteenth day of June 1890.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.