IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP STOVES, AND IN CORONETS OR COVERS FOR LAMPS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Alexander Rippingille, of Holborn, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP STOVES, AND IN CORONETS OR COVERS
FOR LAMPS."
Sealed the 13th July 1877, and dated the 13th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Alexander Rippingille
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March 1877.
EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE, of Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and
of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP
STOVES, AND IN CORONETS OR COVERS FOR LAMPS."
.
The Invention has for its object improvements in lamps and lamps stoves, and in
coronets or covers for lamps, and consists principally in means for supplying and
controlling the admission of air to the burners, and preventing the communication
of too much heat to the burners and to the bodies and other parts of lamps
and lamp stoves.
The Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in that class of burners for lamps
and lamp stoves, described in the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to
me, dated July 11 1876, No. 2813, in which an air chamber perforated around
its sides and at the top is formed around the wick tube, and a tube perforated
around its sides, and connected to, or forming part of the cone, is passed over such
perforated air chamber, and held in proper position by means of suitable distance
pieces, and this part of my Invention consists of means whereby the number of parts
may be reduced and the production of such burners facilitated and cheapened. For
this purpose I fix to the body of the burner, in addition to distance pieces,
suitable stops, to ensure the correct adjustment of the cone, so as to enable the air
to enter the interior of the cone at the bottom thereof instead of through perfora-
tions in its side, and I form the cone sufficiently long to form the tube surrounding
the air chamber, and I form the gallery at the lower end of the cone. I also per-
forate the air chamber only at the lower end thereof. By these means the air is
caused to enter the space between the cone and the burner and the air chamber,
around the wick tube only, at the lower parts thereof.
This part of my Invention is equally applicable to flat, oval, and single and
double wick burners, suitable guides being employed when required to ensure the
correct adjustment of the cone slits over the wick tubes.

page_text: My Invention also consists in means for enabling lamps having double cone or
slotted bar burners, known as "no chimney burners," to be used either as hand
lamps or as signal lamps.
In carrying this part of my Invention into effect, I place the lower edge of the
cone a short distance above the deflecting or cone-carrying plate as usual; but
according to one arrangement, I form a channel or passage either above or below the
deflecting plate, which is capable when required of being placed in communication
with the air at the outside of the lamp, and by perforations underneath the cone,
may at such times convey such air to the cone; and I form the deflecting or cone-
carrying plate nearly to fit the inside of the lamp casing, but taking care to leave a small
passage for air around the edges thereof; the air channel or passage above
mentioned may however be dispensed with, in which case a slide may be employed
in connection with the perforations in the deflecting or cone-carrying plate, which
slide is connected to the means for admitting an extra supply of air below the
deflecting plate, so as to enable both to be simultaneously operated.
In order to prevent too great a rush of air from the space below the deflecting
plate, past the edges of the latter to the upper part of the lamp casing, I form the
deflecting plate with two or more lips or edges a short distance apart from each
other, and I place the air supply perforations in the body of the lamp below the
doflecting plate. Thus by limiting the current of air from the lower to the upper
part of the lamp by the deflecting plate, and by the other means before described, I
am enabled when required to obtain an extra supply of air to the cone, through the
perforations under the same, when the lamp is being used as a signal lamp, and I am
enabled to limit or check the rush of air to the cone when the lamp is being used as
a hand lamp. The extra air supply passages may be opened or closed automatically
or by hand.
For checking or preventing down drafts through the lamp head, I terminate the
chimney with two or more lips or flanges fixed a short distance apart from each
other, and I also form the chinney cover with two or more lips or flanges arranged
in a similar manner. The chimney cover is hinged to a wind guard, as is well
understood.
In order to increase the steadiness of the flame in lamps in which a pine, lotus, or
other shaped globe is employed without a chimney, I form the coronet or cover for
the globe with an opening or openings for air at or near to the edges thereof, and
with a central opening, so as to divide the currents of air descending into audi
ascending out of the globe. Thus the air and products of combustion passing
upwards out of the globe pass through the central opening in the coronet or cover,
whilst the air descending into the globe passes through the opening or openings in
or near the edge of the coronet or cover and down the inner side of the globe.
The opening or openings at or near the edge of the cover or coronet may be formed
in the material of which such cover or coronet is formed, or they may be produced
by raising the cover or coronet a short distance above the edge of the globe, or by
leaving a space around the same between it and the globe. Suitable clips or supports
may be used to support the coronet or cover in position, and a ring carried by such
clips or supports, or by the coronet or cover, may be used to support a shade, or the
coronet or cover may be so extended as to act also as a shade.
If desired, a cover may be placed over the central opening in the coronet or cover
at a short distance therefrom to prevent down drafts therethrough.
My Invention also applies to that description of lamp stove in which the body of
the lamp stove is dropped into position over the reservoir instead of being hinged
thereto, and consists in fixing the supports for the lamp stove body to the corners of
the reservoir instead of fixing them to the corners of the body of the lamp stove as
heretofore; each pair of these supports fixed to the reservoir is connected together
by a handle, and the supports have formed thereou or fixed thereto guides to guide
the body of the lamp stove into proper position.
I also in such description of lamp stove, when the feet or supports are fixed to the
body of the lamp stove, form thein as extensions from guides fixed to the body of

page_text: the lamp stove, but projecting therefrom so as to prevent the communication of two
great a degree of heat from the stove to the handles, which latter are formed to fit
the guides on the lamp stove body, and are so bent as to permit of the lamp stove
body being entirely and easily lifted off therefrom and as readily replaced into
position. The handles are made of metal wire or rod fixed to the reservoir and
stayed by the heat deflecting plate, and the feet of the lamp stove body rest upon
either the deflecting plate or the reservoir.
My Invention also consists in surrounding the inner chimney of lamp stoves either
entirely or partially with one or moro deflecting plates, arranged at a short distance
apart from each other and from the inner chimney so as to leave air spaces between
them;
the air is admitted to these spaces from the inside of the lamp stove body,
and after circulating therein, is delivered at the bottom of the inner chimney near
to the flame. If desired, these air spaces may be filled by broken brick or other
suitable material. By these means I avoid the undue heating of the lamp stove
body and the consequent loss of heat, whilst I convey heated air to the flaine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Alexander Rippingille in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th September 1877.
EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE, of Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and
of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP
STOVES, AND IN CORONETS OR COVERS FOR LAMPS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in lamps and lamp stoves, and in
coronets or covers for lamps, and consists principally in means for supplying and
controlling the admission of air to the burners, and preventing the loss of heat, and
the communication of too much heat to the burners and to the bodies and other
parts of lamps and lamp stoves.
The Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in that class of burners for lamps
and lamp stoves, described in the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to
me, dated July Eleventh, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, No. 2813,
in which an air chamber perforated around its sides and at the top is formed around
the wick tube, and a tube perforated around its sides and connected to the cone is
passed over such perforated air chamber, and held in proper position by means of
suitable distance pieces, and this part of my Invention which is represented as applied
to a flat wick burner in sectional elevation at Figure 1, in under side view at Figure 2,
and in horizontal section at Figure 3, consists of means, whereby the number of parts
nay be reduced, and the production of such burners facilitated and cheapened. For
this purpose I fix to the body of the burner in addition to the distance pieces a¹
described in the Specification of Letters Patent herein-before referred to, and there
marked, suitable stops b to ensure the correct adjustment as to height of the
cone c, so as to enable the air to enter the interior of the cone c at the bottom
thereof, as indicated by the arrows x, x, instead of as heretofore through perforations
in its sides, and I form the cone c sufficiently long to form the tube surrounding the
air chamber a. By making the lower part of cone c to fit accurately upon the guides
a², the stops b may be dispensed with. By thus causing the air to enter at the
bottom of the cone tube c, I am enabled to place the gallery c' at the bottom of the said
cone tube c, as shewn, and thereby to form the cone, tube, and gallery all in one piece ;
I also perforate the air chamber a for the admission of air thereto, only at the lower
parts thereof instead of as heretofore, around the sides, by which means the air is
caused to enter directly such air chainber below the cone, as indicated by the
arrows y, without previously passing into the space between it and the cone.
The amount of space left between the cone c and the air chamber a may be
varied.

page_text: This part of my Invention is equally applicable to flat, circular, oval, and single
and double wick burners, the form of the parts being suitably modified, and guides
being employed when required to ensure the correct adjustment of the cone slits c²
over the wick tubes d, and I have represented it in Figures 4 and 5 as applied to a
double wick burner, with the chamber a and cone c flattened on two sides thereof,
to ensure the correct adjustment of the cone slits cover the wick tubes d. Burners
constructed as above described may be used in connection with a globe only, or with
both chimney and globe, or without either, as may be desired.
My Invention also consists in means for enabling lamps having double cone or
slotted bar burners, known as "no chimney burners," to be used either as hand lamps
or as signal or stationary lamps.
This part of my Invention is represented according to one arrangement in vertical
section at Figure 6, and according to another arrangement in vertical section at
Figure 7, and in sectional plan at Figure 8.
In carrying this part of my Invention into effect, I place the lower edge of the
cone c a short distance above the deflecting or cone-carrying plate e as usual, but
according to the arrangement shown at Figure 6, I form a channel or passage e¹
below the deflecting plate e (or it may be above such plate), which is capable,
when required, by means of a slide 5 in the lamp casing, of being placed in direct
communication with the air at the outside of the lamps, and by perforations of in the
deflecting or cone-carrying plate e, underneath the cone, inay at such times convey
such air to the cone, and I form the deflecting or cone-carrying plate e nearly to fit
the inside of the lamp casing, but taking care to leave a small passage for air around
the edges thereof, as shewn in Figures 6, 7, and 8. Or as shewn at Figures 7 and 8,
the air channel or passage c¹ may be dispensed with, in which case a slide e³ may be
employed, provided with perforations therein corresponding with and acting in con-
nection with the perforations in the deflecting or cone-carrying plate e, which
slide is connected by the piece e' to the plate c", or other suitable means for admitting
an extra supply of air below the deflecting plate, so as to enable both to be simul-
taneously operated.
In order to distribute the air more equally and to prevent too great a rush of air
froin the space below the deflecting plate c, past the edges of the latter to the upper
part of the lamp casing, I form the deflecting plate e, see Figures 6, 7, and 8, with
two or more lips or edges e a short distance apart from each other, and I place the
air supply perforations f¹ in the body of the lamp below the deflecting plate c.
Thus by limiting the current of air from the lower to the upward part of the lamp
by the deflecting plate, and by the other means before described, I am enabled
when required to obtain an extra supply of air to the cone c through the perfor-
ations e² in the cone plate e under the same when the lamp is being used as a signal
or stationary lamp, and I am enabled to limit or check the rush of air to the cone c
when the lamp is being used as a hand lamp. The reservoir and burner and plates
connected therewith are shewn in the Drawings as being slidden into position, but
this part of my Invention is equally applicable to lamps in which the body thereof
is dropped into position over or hinged to the reservoir.
If desired the extra air supply passages may be opened or closed automatically
by employing slides which are raised by means of projections therefrom on placing
the lamp in a lantern, and fall by their own weight on removing the lamp from the
lantern, or they may be opened automatically on pushing the lamp into the lantern
by the button e³ (see Figure 7) coming against the back of the lantern, in which
case the passages would require to be closed by hand-; or as shewn at Figure 6, the
opening and closing of such extra air supply passages may both be effected by
hand by moving the slide e³ in one or the other direction.
For checking or preventing down drafts through the lamp head I terminate the
chimney g, as shewn at Figures 6 and 7, with two or more lips or flanges g' fixed
a short distance apart from each other, and 1 also form the chimney cover / with two
or more lips or flanges arranged in a similar manner. The chimney cover / is
hinged to a wind guard i as is well understood. The construction of lamp head

page_text: to any applications of ps
in the Drawings.
In order to increase the steadiness of the flame in lamps in which a pine, lotus, or
other shaped globe is employed without a chimney, I adopt the following arrange-
ments as represented in sectional elevation at Figures 9 and 11, and in plan at
Figures 10 and 12; j is a pine-shaped globe on which is mounted a coronet or
cover, which as represented at Figures 9 and 10 is provided with openings ke¹
for air at or near to the edges thereof, and with a central opening ³, so as to
divide the currents of air descending into and ascending out of the globe j. If
desired a cover may be placed over the central opening k², in the coronet or cover k³,
at a short distance therefrom, to prevent down drafts therethrough, or such cover
may be dispensed with.
The opening or openings at or near the edge of the cover or coronet k may,
as represented at Figures 9 and 10, be formed in the material of which such cover
or coronet is formed; or as represented at Figures 11 and 12, it or they may be
produced by raising the cover or coronet : a short distance above the edge of
the globe, or by leaving a space around the same between it and the globe.
Thus the air and products of combustion passing upwards out of the globe j pass
through the central opening in the coronet or cover k, whilst the air descending
into the globe passes through the opening or openings k¹ in or near the edge of
the coronet or cover, and down the inner side of the globe. Suitable clips
may be used to support the coronet or cover in position, and a ring carried by
such clips, or extensions of such clips themselves, as shown at Figures 11 and 12,
may be used to support a shade m, or the coronet or cover j may be so shaped
and extended as to net also as a shade.
I have only represented this part of my Invention as applied to a pine-shaped
globe, but as will be readily understood, it is equally applicable to other shaped
globes with but only slight modifications in the forms of parts.
My Invention also applies to that description of lamp stove in which the body of
the lamp stove is dropped into position over the reservoir instead of being hinged
thereto, and according to one arrangement, consists as represented in side elevation
at Figure 13, in vertical section at Figure 14, and in plan at Figure 15, in fixing
the supports o for the lamp stove body n to the corners of the reservoir P instead of
fixing them to the corners of the body of the lamp stove as heretofore. The two
supports o of each pair of these supports fixed to the reservoir p are connected
together by a handle o³, and the supports o have formed thereon or fixed thereto
guides o to guide the body n of the lamp stove into proper position.
I also in such description of lamp stove when the feet or supports are fixed to
the body n of the lamp stove, form them, as represented in side elevation at
Figure 16, in sectional elevation at Figure 17, and in sectional plan of parts at
Figure 18, as extensions from guides or clips n¹ which are fixed to the body n of
the lamp stove, but project therefrom so as to prevent the communication of too
great a degree of heat from the stove to the handles o', which latter are formed to
fit the guides n' on the lamp stove body n, and as more clearly shewn at Figure 18,
are so bent as to permit of the lamp stove body being entirely and easily lifted off
therefrom and as readily replaced in position. The handles o' are made of metal
wire or rod fixed to the reservoir p and stayed by the heat deflecting plate e, and
the feet of the lamp stove body n rest upon either the deflecting plate e, as shewn,
or upon the reservoir p.
My Invention also consists in surrounding the inner chimney n² of lamp stoves,
as represented at Figures 14 and 17, either entirely or partially with one or more
deflecting plates n³ arranged at a short distance apart from each other, and from the
inner chimney, so as to leave air spaces between them; the air is admitted to these
spaces from the inside of the lamp stove body n, and after circulating therein, as
indicated by the arrows, is delivered at the bottom of the inner chimney n² near to
the flame. If desired, these air spaces may be filled with broken brick or other
suitable porous material. By these means I avoid the undue heating of the lamp

page_text: stove body n, and the consequent loss of heat whilst I convey heated air to the
flame. This part of my Invention is equally applicable to other forms of lamp
stoves than that shown in the Drawings.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode in which I
carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
First. In burners for lamps and lamp stoves of the character referred to in con-
nection with Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, causing the air to enter the air chamber a, and
the space between the latter and an extension from the cone c at the lower parts
thereof, and forming the cone extension therefrom and gallery all in one piece, in
manner and for the purpose substantially as herein shown and described.
Secondly. I claim in lamps in which "no chimney burners" are used, the employ-
ment of means for enabling an extra supply of air to be admitted below the
deflecting plate and thence to the burner, and means for allowing a limited supply
of air to pass from the lower part of the lamp to the upper around the edges of the
deflecting or cone-carrying plate, as also means for preventing too great a rush of
air past the edges of the deflecting or cone-carrying plate, in manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein shown and described.
Thirdly. I claim the mode of constructing lamp heads so as to check or prevent
down draughts therethrough, substantially as herein shown and described in respect
to Figures 6 and 7.
.
Fourthly. I claim constructing and applying covers or coronets to globes so as to
divide the currents of air entering and leaving such globes, in manner substantially
as herein shown and described.
Fifthly. I claim the modes of supporting and guiding the bodies of lamp stoves
into position, substantially as hercin shown and described.
And, Sixthly. I claim applying to the inner chimneys of lamp stoves one or more
deflecting plates n³, in manner and for the purpose substantially as herein shown
and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Alexander Rippingille, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
ED. ALEX RIPPINGILLE. (L.S.)