Improvements in Machinery for Printing Small Books or Pamphlets, and for Printing and Associating a Cover therewith.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application 10th June, 1890-Accepted, 12th July, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by Messieurs R. HOE AND COMPANY, of 504 Grand
Street, New York City, in the United States of America, Printing Machine
Manufacturers.]
Improvements in Machinery for Printing Small Books or Pamphlets,
and for Printing and Associating a Cover therewith.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Breams Buildings, Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to a web printing mechanism which is especially designed for
use in producing pamphlets and similar small publications which are composed of a
number of pages of comparatively small size, it being the object of the invention not
only to print the entire book or pamphlet at one operation, but also to print and apply
a cover, which is composed of a sheet separate from the remainder of the book or
pamphlet, and may be of paper of a different quality or color.
In many lines of business as conducted at the present time, large numbers of small,
or comparatively small, books or pamphlets are required for advertising and other
purposes, and the demand for pamphlets of this character is so great that it has become
highly important to provide machinery by which they can be produced rapidly and at
a comparatively sinall cost.
In many cases it is very desirable, in order to give a better and more attractive
appearance to such pamphlets, that they should be provided with covers composed of
paper of a different or better quality from that which is used for the body of the work,
and, in addition, it is in many cases desirable that this cover should be of colored or
tinted paper, in order to make the pamphlet more attractive.
Where these conditions have been required, it has heretofore been necessary to print
the covers separately from the body of the work, and apply them by hand or other-
wise, and this has of course entailed a large amount of labor, which made the work
comparatively expensive.
In order to convey a full understanding of the mechanism constituting the present
invention, it will now be described in detail, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings, in which :-
:-
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a printing mechanism organised according to the
present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, the inking mechanism being omitted.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the mechanism, looking from the left of Fig. 1,
certain parts being omitted in order to more clearly disclose other parts.
Fig. 4 is an end elevation looking from the right of fig. 1, showing particularly
the impression cylinder and the tapes for conveying the covers to the impression
cylinder, as will be hereinafter explained.
Figs. 5 to 10, inclusive, illustrate the product of the machine.
Referring to said drawings, it is to be understood that the printing mechanism
proper consists of a single "form" cylinder A, and a single impression cylinder B;
the form cylinder being of sufficient length to receive the plates or forms for printing
both sides of a web of the required width, and the impression cylinder being of a
corresponding length, so that the web being passed between the form and impression'
cylinder at one end thereof, will be printed upon one side, and then being turned
over and passed between said cylinders at the opposite end, will be printed upon its
other side, all in the manner now well understood in the art, and which needs no'
further description.
The form cylinder A, as herein shown, is of sufficient length to receive four forms

page_text: lengthwise of the cylinder, and eight forms circumferentially thereof, the forms being
placed upon the cylinder with their columns of matter parallel with the axis of the
cylinder.
With the cylinder of this size, the machine is capacitated to produce a product of
thirty-two pages, but this of course can be varied by increasing or decreasing the
diameter of the cylinder, or by increasing or decreasing its length.
The forins upon the cylinder A are inked by the usual inking mechanism, which is
represented in Fig. 1 by form rolls a and a distributing cylinder C. The web of
paper D, which in the case shown is of a sufficient width to receive the impressions of
two forms abreast, is led from a roll suitably supported in the framework of the
machine, and after passing beneath a leading roll 3, is led between the form and
impression cylinders A, B, where it is printed upon one side by the forms at one end
of the form cylinder. After being thus printed upon one side, the web passes over a
leading roll 4, and downward around turning bars of a web turner E, by which the
web is transferred laterally, and at the same time turned over, after which it is led
upward over a roll 2 (see Fig. 2), and downward around the impression cylinder B,
and again passed between the form and impression cylinders A, B, with its unprinted
side presented to the forms upon the cylinder A. Owing to the lateral transfer of the
web by the web turner E, it is, as it passes the second time between the form and
impression cylinders, presented to the forms upon the opposite end of the form
cylinder, thus printing the two sides of the web with different matter to properly
perfect it. The distance travelled by the web between the printing of its opposite
sides, is so adjusted, that the impressions upon the opposite sides of the web will be
in proper register.
After being thus perfected, the web is led from the impression cylinder B to any
suitable form of delivery mechanism, by which it is severed into sheets of the proper
length, which sheets being longitudinally folded and then folded transversely three
times, as indicated in Figs. 7 to 10, will produce pamphlets of thirty-two pages each.
The edges of the pamphlets may of course be properly trimmed, and the several
pages secured together by sewing or otherwise in any suitable manner.
If it is not desired to provide the pamphlet with a cover composed of
different quality or color from that which composes the remainder of the pamphlet,
of
paper any
then of course all that is necessary is to locate the plates or forms for printing the two
pages for the cover upon the form cylinder in such position that the impressions made
by those plates constitute the cover pages when the product has been folded into
pamphlet form as described. In many cases, however, it is desirable, as before
explained, to provide the pamphlets with covers of a different quality or color from
that of the remainder of the pamphlet. This result is accomplished by the mechanism
constituting the present invention in the following manner: The form cylinder A
is provided with two forms containing whatever matter it is desired to print upon the
pages constituting the cover of the pamphlet, and these forms are so located upon the
cylinder as to deliver their impressions upon the web D at such points, that when
the web is severed into sheets and the sheets folded, these impressions will be upon the
outside or cover of the folded product or pamphlet.
Located adjacent to that end of the impression cylinder B around which the web D
is led, after having been led around the web-turner E and transferred laterally, is a
pasting-roll F, which is mounted to turn freely in the ends of arms 5, extending from
a rock-shaft 6, which is journaled in the frame of the machine, and is provided with
an arm having a bowl or stud 8, which enters the groove of a cam 9, mounted upon
the shaft of the impression-cylinder B. The cam 9 is so shaped that at each revo-
lution of the impression-cylinder B. the shaft 6 is rocked, so as to vibrate the roll F
into contact with the impression-cylinder and retain it in such contact during about a
half revolution of the roll F. The roll F is provided at one end with a gear 10, which
engages with a gear 11, mounted loosely upon the shaft 6, and is driven through a
gear 12. mounted upon the inner end of a short shaft 33 (see Fig. 2), which shaft 5
carries at its outer end a similar gear, which engages with a gear 13 upon the
shaft of the impression-cylinder, so that the two move at the same surface speed.

page_text: The paste-roll is provided at a suitable point with a raised portion 14, which is
formed of rubber or any other material suitable for receiving and applying paste, and
is of an area equal to two pages of the pamphlet which is to be produced, and this
raised portion is so positioned upon the roll, that when the latter is rocked toward the
impression-cylinder, the raised portion 14 will be brought into contact with the
cylinder. The portion 14 may be channelled, or otherwise suitably roughened, to
cause it to properly receive and apply the paste. When the roll F is vibrated in the
opposite direction, away from the cylinder B, the raised portion 14 is carried into
contact with a fountain roll 15, which receives paste from a fountain 18, and is driven
through gears 16, 17 from the gear on the outer end of the shaft 33. By this means
the raised portion 14 is supplied with paste at each vibration of the roller F, which
paste is, as the roll is vibrated in the opposite direction, applied to the web D, as it
passes around the impression cylinder B; and the parts are so timed that the paste
thus applied to the web D will be applied upon the space which is in position to
receive the impressions from the two forms upon the cylinder which contain the
matter for printing the cover of the pamphlet.
Located at the end of the roll from which the web D is drawn, or in any other
convenient position, is a second roll containing a narrow web G of suitable width, and
of the desired quality or color for the cover of the pamphlet. The web G, as it is led
from its roll, passes over a feeding roll 19, and thence between a pair of cutting-
cylinders H, which are provided with co-operating blades and grooves, and operate in
the usual manner to partly sever the web G at suitable intervals, to divide it into
sheets of the proper dimensions for the cover.
The web G, after being thus partly severed, enters the control of two series of
accelerated tapes 20, 21, which are arranged as follows, and which operate to complete
the severance of the sheets from the web G, and deliver them to the impression-
cylinder B, in proper position to be imposed upon the web D at the points covered by
the paste applied by the roll F. The tapes 20 pass around a roll 22, located adjacent
to the upper one of the cylinders H; thence forward around a roll 23, and upward
for a short distance in contact with the impression-cylinder, after which they return
around a roll 24 and stretching pulleys 25. The tapes 21 pass around a roll 26
located beneath a roll 22, thence forward around the roll 23, returning around a
roll 27 and stretching pulleys 28. The space between the roll 27 and the impression-
cylinder is bridged by a series of guides 29, which co-operate with the tapes 20, to
convey the sheets from the roll 23 to the impression-cylinder.
The cutting-cylinders-H are geared together, and are driven through intermediate
gears 30 from a gear 31 mounted upon the shaft of the form cylinder A, the several
gears being so proportioned that the web G will be advanced a distance equal to the
length of one of the sheets required for the cover of the pamphlet at each revolution
of the form and impression cylinders A B.
The operation of the machine thus organized is as follows:-The web is led from its
roll between the printing cylinders A B, so as to be printed upon its upper side by the
forms at one end of the form cylinder, the forms for printing the first side of the web
being, in the case illustrated, at the right hand end of the cylinder, as shown in
Fig. 2. After being printed upon its upper side, the web is led downward around the
roll 4, and around the web-turner E, being thereby turned over and transferred
laterally, after which it is led upward around the roll 2, and thence downward around
the impression cylinder, with its printed side next to the said cylinder. In passing
around the impression cylinder, the unprinted side of the web receives paste at
regular intervals, which is applied by the raised portion 14 of the vibrating paste
roll F, the movement of the pasting roll being so timed, that the fields of paste thus
applied to the web will correspond in position and register with the forms upon the
form-cylinder which print the pages for the cover of the pamphlet. After receiving
paste in this manner, the web continues upward around the impression cylinder, and
again passes between the form and impression cylinders, so that its unprinted side,
which is now uppermost, is presented to the forms upon the other end of the form
cylinder.

page_text: The narrow cover web is led from its roll, and after passing between the feeding
roll 19 and the upper cutting cylinder H, is led between the two cutting-cylinders,
where it is partially severed at regular intervals, the end of the web then passing into
the control of the tapes 20, 21, but moving at a speed considerably less than that of
the tapes. When the leading end of the web G is advanced a certain distance
between the tapes, it will be nipped by the tapes, so that the first cover sheet which is
partially severed from the web will be completely severed therefrom, and will be then
advanced at a speed corresponding to the speed of the printing cylinder, and will
arrive at the impression cylinder Bat the proper time to be imposed upon the web D
in position to exactly cover the field to which paste has been applied by the roll F, and
which is in position to receive the impressions for the cover of the pamphlet, so that
as the web D passes between the printing cylinders the second time, and is printed
upon its second side, the impressions of all of the forms upon the cylinder A for that
side of the web will be given to the web D, except those forms which contain matter
for the cover; and the impression of these two forms will be given to the sheet
(fig. 2), which has been severed from the web G, and pasted to the web D, and so the
operation will be repeated at each revolution of the printing cylinders. The sheets g,
as they pass with the web I between the printing cylinders, will be pressed into
contact with the web D, so that the paste will be firmly set to secure the two together.
After the printing is thus accomplished, the web D, with the sheets g pasted to it at
proper intervals and in proper position, is led to any suitable form of delivery
nechanism, by which it is severed into main sheets of proper size, and these sheets are
then longitudinally folded upon the line b. b, as indicated in Figure 7, and then
transversely folded upon the lines c, c, d, d & e, e, as indicated in Figs. 8, 9, and 10,
thus producing a thirty-two page pamphlet, with the cover sheet upon the outside.
g
It will of course he readily seen that the web D may be longitudinally folded before
being severed into sheets, it preferred, as indicated in figure 5, or it may be split upon
the line b. b, and the two paris associated by web-turners, as indicated in Figure 6,
after which it will be severed into main sheets of the proper length, and the main &
cover sheets folded transversely, as before, or the main may be severed into smaller
sheets, and these collected by a sheet-collecting mechanism.
From the foregoing it will be seen that by the mechanism that has been described,
the complete pamphlets are produced with great rapidity & economy, and are provided
with covers which may be of any suitable color or quality, different from the color or
quality of the paper of which the pamphlet is composed, and it will further be seen that
the cover of the pamphlet will always be two plies in thickness, the two plies being
pasted together, thus making the cover comparatively stiff, which adds to the appear-
ance and durability of the pamphlet, and it will also be further seen that where the
body of the pamphlet is printed upon paper of one color,-white for example, and
the cover upon paper of another color, the inside and outside of the cover sheet in
the completed pamphlet will be of different colors, which will still further add to the
attractiveness of the work.
To produce pamphlets of eight pages, or one half the volume of those illustrated,
it is only necessary to omit one half the forms, and use a web of half width, or by
duplicating the forms and using a full width web, and then splitting the web, or the
sheets severed therefrom, duplicate side by side streams of eight-page pamphlets can
be produced. In such case, the form and position of the raised portion 14 of the
pasting roll will be changed, so as to apply the paste in the proper position, and the
cover web G will be of a width equal to the web D.
It will of course be readily understood that the size or volume of the product may
be increased by increasing the length or circumference of the printing cylinders, or
both, and also that the pasting-roll F may be so formed as to apply the paste in lines
or spots, if preferred. So, also, the cover sheets may be imposed upon the main
sheets before the first impression, if preferred, and the paste may be applied to the
cover sheets instead of to the main sheets.
The particular form of web printing mechanism which is herein shewn, has been
selected merely for the purpose of illustration, and it is to be understood that other

page_text: forms of printing mechanism may be employed without departing from the
invention.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :--
1. The combination with a printing mechanism for printing a main sheet, of a
sheet-feeding mechanism arranged to impose a cover sheet upon said sheet in position
to be printed therewith, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a printing mechanism for printing a main sheet, of a
sheet-feeding mechanism arranged to impose a cover sheet upon said main in position
to be printed therewith, and a pasting mechanism for applying paste to unite the cover
and main sheets, substantially as described.
3. The combination with a web printing mechanisin for perfecting a main web, of a
sheet-feeding mechanism arranged to impose cover sheets upon said web, in position
to be printed therewith, substantially as described.
4. The combination with a web-printing mechanism for perfecting a main web, of a
sheet-feeding mechanism arranged to impose cover sheets upon said web in position to
be printed therewith, and a pasting mechanism for applying paste to unite the cover
sheets to the web, substantially as described.
5. The combination with a printing mechanism for printing a main sheet, of a
web-feeding and cutting mechanism for severing cover sheets from a cover web, and
a feeding mechanism for imposing said cover sheets upon the main sheets, in position
to be printed therewith, substantially as described.
6. The combination with a printing mechanism for printing a main sheet, of a
web-feeding and cutting mechanism for severing cover sheets from a cover web, and
a feeding mechanism for imposing said cover sheets upon the main sheets in position
to be printed therewith, and a pasting mechanism for applying paste to unite the cover
and main sheets, substantially as described.
Dated this 10th day of June 1890.