Improvements in Apparatus for Justifying and spacing out ype.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Justifying and spacing out ype.
A communication by CHARLES W. DICKINSON, of Belleville, in the County of Essex,
and State of New York, United States of America, Machinist.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the
County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to a novel machine or apparatus for justifying and
spacing out lines of type to a uniform length or measure, and is to be regarded as an
improvement on that class of machine in which the justifying or spacing is effected
by introducing wedge shape space bars between the words in lieu of ordinary spaces
as the type characters are assembled or set into the line holder or shuttle, which is
gauged to the exact length which it is desired to have the finished line, and in forcing
all of the space bars or spreaders simultaneously through the line until it is spread or
spaced out so as to entirely fill the shuttle, then removing the space bars successively
and substituting ordinary spaces of equal or slightly less thickness than the space bar
which has been removed at the point at which it enters the line, and driving or
forcing the remaining space bars further into the line to again expand it so as to fill
the line holder or shuttle, whenever a substituted space of less thickness than the
removed space bar has been inserted. The present machine which is entirely
automatic in its action, rapidly and accurately performs the several operations above
mentioned and, after the line of type is properly justified, it removes the completed
line of type from the machine to a galley.
The invention will be best understood by the accompanying twenty-seven sheets of
drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters and numerals
refer to similar parts throughout all of the several views.
Fig. 1 is a complete plan view, showing the entire machine.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the entire machine looking in the direction of the
arrows on the line x2-x of Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the lower end of the machine with the frame
work and typesetting mechanism omitted.
Figure 4 is a rear elevation of the entire upper end of the machine omitting the
pulleys.
Figure 5 is a side elevation of a part of the upper end of the machine looking
in the direction of the arrows on the line x-x of Figures 1 and 4.
Figure 6 is an enlarged plan view of the parts designated by the letters C and D on
the upper part of Figure 1, showing the line holder or shuttle, the space bars or
wedges, and the space bar inserting mechanism.
Figure 7 is a cross section of the upper end of the machine, looking in the direction
of the arrows, on the line x³-x of Figure 1,

page_text: Figure 8 is a cross section showing the details of the mechanism for advancing the
type into the line holder or shuttle, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the
line of Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 9 is a detail of the cam-mechanism for actuating the same, looking in the
direction of the arrows, on the line -x of Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a plan view of the central portion of the machine, showing the various
parts designated by the letters F, K, L and V in Figure 1.
Figure 11 is also a plan view of the central portion of the machine, showing the
same mechanism other than the space box, and in addition thereto the justifying or
spreading mechanism, together with the addition of the shuttle with the parts in
somewhat different position from that shown in Figure 10.
Figure 12 is a cross section of the space spreading or justifying device, looking in
the direction of the arrows on the line 2-12 of Figure 10.
Figure 13 is a plan partly broken away to show the line holder or shuttle brake.
Figure 14 is a detail of the cam-mechanism employed in actuating the spreading
or justifying bars, looking in the direction of the arrows on the line 14 of
Figure 10.
Figure 15 is a cross section of the fractional spacing and space bar withdrawing
mechanism, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line 15x15 of Figures 1
and 10.
Figure 16 is a similar cross section of the mechanism shown in Figure 15, showing
the extreme position with the operating cam removed and the space bar withdrawing
mechanism in the act of operating.
Figure 17 is a similar cross section of the mechanism shown in Figure 15 showing
the wedge drawn back in position to drop on the lower table, with the cams in their
proper position.
Figure 18 is a cross section, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line
2-18 18 of Figures 1 and 11, but showing in addition thereto certain parts of the
spacing mechanism.
Figure 19 is a plan view of the extreme front of the machine, showing the
mechanism for removing the justified line of type from the line holder or shuttle to
the galley and also the device for releasing the gate and permitting it to fall.
Figures 20, 21 and 22, are enlarged details of the mechanism actuating the
mechanism which removes the justified line from the line holder shuttle to the
galley.
Figure 23 is a similar view of the mechanism shown in Figure 19, showing more
particularly the gate release, with the mechanism for actuating the line-removing
device omitted.
Figure 24 is a cross section through the bed plate, showing the lower table in a
raised position and the mechanism for supporting the same.
Figure 25 is a sectional detail of a part of the table release shown in Figure 24.
Figure 26 is an enlarged view of the lower table with upper part shown in
section.
Figure 27 is a section of the sprocket and cam-mechanism for driving the shuttles
and lifting the tables, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line 27-27 of
Figure 5.
Figure 28 is a cross section of the same mechanism looking from left to right in
Figure 4.
Figure 29 is a section, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line 20-220
of Figures 1 and 3, showing the fast and loose connections upon the shaft which
actuates the justifying mechanism.
Figure 30 is a complete side view of the justifying mechanism, looking in the
direction of the arrows, on the line 30-30 of Figures 1 and 3, showing the fast and
loose connections upon the shaft.
Figures 31, 32 and 33, are detail views of the line holder or shuttle, the space bar,
and the mechanism for advancing type within the former.
Figure 34 is an enlarged detail view of certain parts of Figure 2.

page_text: Figure 35 is a plan view of Figure 34.
Figure 36 is a sectional view of the same mechanism looking in the direction of
the arrows, on the line 36x36 of Figure 34.
Figure 37 is a detail of the end of the perpendicular rack in Figure 2.
Figure 38 is a perspective view of the vibrating arm which actuates the type
pusher in the line holder and of the means for actuating the same.
Figure 39 is a vertical longitudinal section of the bed plate of the machine,
together with its details, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line 30239
of Figure 4.
Figure 40 is a longitudinal view, partly in section, looking in the direction of the
arrows, on the line 10-40 of Figure 4.
Figure 41 is a similar view of the same parts, showing the tables and the cams for
actuating them, in a different position.
Figure 42 is a side view of the side plate 1 shown on Figure 4, showing the racks
which move the shuttles in their path.
Figure 43 is a plan view of the same part shown in Figure 42, looking in the
direction of the arrows, on the line 43-43 of Figures 2 and 42.
Figure 44 is a plan view, partly in longitudinal section, of the front part of
the machine below the bed plate on the line "-" of Figure 3 showing the
line holder or shuttle and lower table depressed and the mechanism for returning the
same under the bed of the machine.
Figure 45 is a prospective view of the mechanism for moving the space bars and
line-holder from the lower table to the upper table.
INTRODUCTION,
The machine comprises in its construction:
First. Two or more line holders or shuttles in which a line of type is assembled and
which are provided with adjustable devices for determining and limiting the length of
the line of type and which are provided with longitudinal openings into which the
line of type is assembled, letter by letter, by means of any composing machine
which may be conveniently employed for setting up or assembling the line of type
therein, which holders or shuttles travel upon a suitable track or way to the spacing
and justifying mechanism and thence to the galley.
Second. Devices for keeping the line of type continuously advanced in the line
holder or shuttle and levelling it in the line holder or shuttle as it advances
therein.
Third. A series of tapering space bars or wedges, carried upon a suitable platform
upon the
way on which the line holders or shuttles travel, arranged to be inserted
temporarily between the words as they are set up in the line holders or shuttles, in lieu
of the ordinary spaces after each word; suitable mechanism for inserting the space
bars at the proper time and suitable mechanism for driving them all uniformly further
into and through the line after they are in place.
Fourth. A series of devices which, in connection with the temporary space bars,
determine the selection of the spaces of the required thickness to replace the
successive space bars.
Fifth. A reciprocating space holder with suitable compartments containing one
space each, of the different thicknesses used, combined with suitable devices whereby
spaces are constantly supplied to it, and means for moving the space holder to and fro,
across the line of type.
Sixth. Mechanism for forcing each space bar successively still further into the line
to take up and apportion any fractional space that there may be, and after so doing
for extracting or withdrawing the particular space bar, and inserting in its place an
ordinary space of suitable size to fill up the opening in the line left by the with-
drawal of the space bar, and thereupon forcing the space from the space holder down
in the gap entirely into the line.

page_text: Seventh. Appropriate mechanism for advancing the shuttles along suitable ways,
and for holding the same stationary while the aforesaid operations are being carried
out.
Eighth. Mechanism for removing a completed line of type from the shuttle to the
galley and then withdrawing the shuttle from the upper way to the lower way and
returning it to the position for receiving another line.
In Figure 1 the following parts, which are common to all typesetting machines of
this particular type, may be briefly described and designated as follows:
K
A is the bed plate of the machine, B and B¹ (the latter of which is not shown in
this figure) are respectively the upper and lower shuttleways, upon the upper of
which the justification takes place, and upon the lower of which the line holder or
shuttle is returned to a position ready for refilling. C and C¹ represent the shuttles
or lineholders. D represents the space bar or wedge inserting mechanism. E repre-
sents the space bars or wedges. F represents the justifying mechanism. G represents
the mechanism for operating the line holder brake. L represents the space box and
the mechanism for operating the same and the space selecting mechanism for insert-
ing the spaces into the line of type in the shuttle as the space bars are removed.
represents the fractional spacing mechanism and the various parts of the same.
M and M represent the gate mechanism which receives the shuttle containing the
justified line of type at the end of its line of travel and after the line of type is dis-
charged from the shuttle into the galley, moves downward with it to a position where
it is in a line with the lower table B₁ upon which it is then removed by appropriate
mechanism and carried back to a position where it can be elevated into the position
which it assumes for the purpose of being refilled. R represents the bunter or line
removing mechanism whereby the justified line of type is removed from the shuttle
to the galley at the appropriate moment. U is the galley. S is the main driving
shaft of the machine and the gearing mechanism whereby the power is taken there-
from and appropriately transmitted to the different parts of the machine. TT are the
driving pulleys. W is the driving shaft actuating the type-inserting mechanism. P
is a continuously driven pulley for actuating the same and which actuates also the
space inserting mechanism and the mechanism for advancing the type in the line
holder or shuttle.
In addition to the foregoing there are found in other drawings certain other parts
which are also common to all machines of this character, for example, TS, the space
channels and the space supplying mechanism, and N, the roller for levelling the
type as it is set up in the line holder or shuttle C.
For convenience in description the various portions of the mechanism will be
described separately, the method of operation being described in connection with
each, so far as possible, and the entire operation of the machine afterwards. The
order of description followed will be that of the successive steps to which the type-
character is subjected in the course of its travel through the machine from the
setter to the galley.
THE LINE-HOLDING MECHANISM.
The line holder or shuttle consists of a rectangular box C, Figure 1, preferably
of metal, provided with a hollow interior of such dimensions as to receive the type of
the particular type body which is in use. The line holders or shuttles C, of which
two are used in each machine, are fitted to slide along a suitable vertical slide
plate 1 near the central part of the main plate A, which extends the entire length of
the machine from the front to the back. The shape of the shuttle or line holder is
shown in Figures 6, 8, 16, 31, 32 and 33. The line holders C, C, are in reality com-
posing sticks, each holding a single line of type, having a longitudinal opening or
slot 2, Figures 31 and 38, extending the entire length of the recessed portion and
provided with an adjustable sliding block 9, Figures 31, 32 and 38, which limits the
length of the recessed opening, having connected therewith a depending tongue 3,
sliding in ways 11 and 12, lateral movement of which is limited by a follower 4
The line holder or shuttle consists of a rectangular box C, Figure 1, preferably
of metal, provided with a hollow interior of such dimensions as to receive the type of
the particular type body which is in use. The line holders or shuttles C, of which
two are used in each machine, are fitted to slide along a suitable vertical slide
plate 1 near the central part of the main plate A, which extends the entire length of
the machine from the front to the back. The shape of the shuttle or line holder is
shown in Figures 6, 8, 16, 31, 32 and 33. The line holders C, C, are in reality com-
posing sticks, each holding a single line of type, having a longitudinal opening or
slot 2, Figures 31 and 38, extending the entire length of the recessed portion and
provided with an adjustable sliding block 9, Figures 31, 32 and 38, which limits the
length of the recessed opening, having connected therewith a depending tongue 3,
sliding in ways 11 and 12, lateral movement of which is limited by a follower 4

page_text: inserted in front of the screw 5 as shown in Figure 31. Upon the opposite side of
the line holder to the plate 1 are provided the jaws 6 and 7 Figures 7, 8, 31, 32 and 38
upon which the space bars, hereafter described, rest when they are inserted in the
line holder. 8 represents a block which is attached to the block 9 by the screw 10
and slides horizontally backward and forward with it, as clearly shown in Figure 38.
This block projects outward and fills up the slot 2 on the face of the line holder in
which the type are assembled. Mechanism, hereafter described, causes the blocks 9
and 10 to vibrate backward and forward in the line holder with great rapidity,
the effect of which is to cause the type and wedges, as they are assembled, one
by one, in the end of the line holder, shown at the left of Figure 38, to be con-
stantly pushed forward or advanced, the motion of the block from left to right
being limited by the follower 4 held in place by the screw 3. The block 8
is prevented from sliding out by the block 8. It will be obvious from Figures 31,
32 and 38, that the limitations of the distance travelled by the block 8 to the
right will vary, from time to time, according to the length of the line which
is to be set up in the line holder. The block 8 contains in its outer face a longitudinal
opening 25, adapted to receive the end of rod 23 in the arm 17 paasing through the
opening 24, in the plate 1, opposite the line holder as shown in Figures 6, 8 and 41,
in the manner hereafter described. A longitudinal opening 14 is provided in the
vertical side plate 1, of substantially the same width throughout the plate, and shown
in Figures 2, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 40 and 43, and is directly in line with the opening 2
in the line holder, as seen in Figures 16 and 17, and extends from the point where the
space bars, which will be hereafter described, are inserted in the line to the point
where they are removed. The opening 2 allows the space bars to be moved freely
longitudinally through the line holder C between the type characters, as they are
inserted, and the opening 14 in the side plate 1 allows the line holder, with the line
of type and the space bars inserted therein, to move freely along suitable ways,
34 and 35, upon edge of the table M, the shuttleways B and B and the table M¹, as
shown in Figures 4 and 12.
It will be evident that the type must be set or assembled in the line holder either
singly or by successive words or portions of words. For the purpose of forcing the
type, after insertion, downward to the bottom of the opening 2 in the line holder, a
roller 13, Figure 12, is employed, mounted upon a bracket 15, attached to the plate 1,
by the screw 16 as shown in Figure 2, under which the line holder C passes when it
moves downward. For the purpose of imparting motion to the type pusher 8 in the
line holder C, during the assembling of the type, a vibrating mechanism, attached to
the exterior frame 1 of the machine, is provided, which is shown in detail in Figures
2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 34, 35 and 38. This mechanism consists of a vibrating arm 17 provided
at its upper end with an adjustable spring 18. The upper end of this arm terminates
in two jaws 20 and 21, one of which arms, the arm 20, is attached to the extremity
of the spring 18, while the jaw 21 is formed on the extremity
of the arm 17. These jaws encircle a pin 22, which pin is attached to the surface of
a disk 19 at the end of the shaft W, so as to produce by the rotation of the shaft, an
eccentric movement, the effect of which is to cause the arm 17 to vibrate rapidly
backward and forward, according to the motion of the pin 22, between the jaws 20
and 21. In case, for any reason, the motion becomes too great, a certain amount
of play or escape is afforded by reason of the fact that the jaw 20, forming one of
the two contact points, is attached to the yielding spring 18, which can yield when
the pressure or movement becomes too great. The projection 23 on the inner surface
of the arm 17, projects through the opening 24, in the vertical side plate 1, and
engages with the rectangular opening 25 in the pusher 8, upon the line holder C.
The effect of the lateral movement of the arm 17, is to impart a quick vibrating
motion to the pusher 8, and to constantly push the type forward, as it is assembled
in the line holder. To remove the connection between the pin 22 and the pusher 8
of the line holder, the following mechanism is employed: The lower end of the
arm 17 terminates in two jaws, 26 and 26, Figures 2 and 31, which are attached by
the pivot 27 to the block 28. The block 28 carries a horizontal pin 29, journaled

page_text: in the vertical side plate 1, as shown in Figure 35, and fastened by a collar 30
and screw 31, whereby the same is permitted to rotate. The vibratory motion,
above described, is effected by the capacity of the arm 17 to rotate with the
block 28 upon the pin 29. The lower end of the arm 17, carries a spring 32,
corresponding in tension to the spring 18, which former spring is attached to the
block 28. When the mechanism for releasing the line holder after filling, and
causing the same to commence its movement along its path of travel, begins to
operate, certain intermediate devices, which will be hereafter described, operate to
cause the arm 17 to rock outward upon the spring 32, and cause the pin 23 to escape
from engagement with the opening 25, in the pusher 8 in the line holder C. In order
to hold the line holder in its proper position during filling and to prevent it from
being moved by the vibration of the arm 17, a friction clutch 440 is provided on a
plate 441, extending from the side plate 1 and bearing upon the line holder C.
and screw 31, whereby the same is permitted to rotate.
The vibratory motion,
above described, is effected by the capacity of the arm 17 to rotate with the
block 28 upon the pin 29. The lower end of the arm 17, carries a spring 32,
corresponding in tension to the spring 18, which former spring is attached to the
block 28. When the mechanism for releasing the line holder after filling, and
causing the same to commence its movement along its path of travel, begins to
operate, certain intermediate devices, which will be hereafter described, operate to
cause the arm 17 to rock outward upon the spring 32, and cause the pin 23 to escape
from engagement with the opening 25, in the pusher 8 in the line holder C. In order
to hold the line holder in its proper position during filling and to prevent it from
being moved by the vibration of the arm 17, a friction clutch 440 is provided on a
plate 441, extending from the side plate 1 and bearing upon the line holder C.
LINE HOLDER ADVANCING MECHANISM.
For the purpose of advancing the line holder, after the same is filled and the space
bars have been inserted, to the space inserting mechanism, thence to the galley
where the justified line is discharged, and thence back to its original position, ready
to receive a new line of type, a series of mechanism is provided which are shown in
detail in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 12, 27, 28, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44.
For the purpose of carrying the line holder or shuttle C, and permitting it to travel,
an inclined track or shuttleway B is provided, as shown in Figure 1, the upper ends
of which, M and M' are movable and detached, so as to form two tables, vertically
movable. M is the upper or rear table, and M¹ is the lower or front table, as shown
in Figure 1. The tables M and M¹ and the plate B are so grooved and formed upon
the face opposite to the vertical plate 1, that the projections 7 and 33 on the line
holder (Figures 31 and 32) engage with the corresponding ways 34 and 35 upon the
face of the tables M and M and the plate B as shown in Figures 4, 8, 12 and 16,
thus holding the line holder, during its entire line of travel, firmly against the
vertical side plate 1. Beneath the plate or way B, is a similar inclined plate or
way B¹, as shown in the various cross sections and as in the earlier machines of this
same type, the tables M and M¹ are arranged to be alternately dropped and raised,
carrying with them the line holder which, by appropriate mechanism, passes off of
the plate B onto the table M¹, falls upon and with the latter, and after the fall of the
table passes off, and is carried upward upon the plate B¹, over which it travels to the
table M, and upon its arrival upon the table M, the latter is raised and the line
holder brought into alignment with the plate B, in which position it is again filled
and thence passes off the table M and onto the plate B, the table M falling to its
lower position to receive another line holder while the line holder discharged onto
the plate B travels downward as before and subjects the type now contained in it to
The
the action of the justifying and fractional-spacing mechanism, as before.
mechanism of the tables M and M¹ will be best seen by reference to Figures
24, 26, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44. The tables themselves are preferably rectangular,
as shown in the plan view, but the lower table M¹ is preferably cut out at one side as
shown at 36 in Figure 44, to provide access to the lower part of the front end of the
machine. The tables themselves move vertically upward and downward on suitable
standards 37 sliding in corresponding ways 38 cut in the face of the vertical bed
plate 1, as shown. For the purpose of raising and lowering the tables two cams 39
and 40 are provided, which rotate, respectively, upon sleeves on the fixed shafts 41
and 42. The cam 39 raises and lowers the lower table M1 and the cam 40 raises and
lowers the upper table M.
The lower table M', carries upon its lower surface a roller 514 which rests upon
the extremity of the cam 39 when table is raised as shown in Figures 25, 26 and 41.
By the rotation of the cam, 39 on shaft 42, either in one direction or another, the
table M is either raised or lowered. When the table is lowered the cam 39 assumes

page_text: the position shown in Figure 40, which it retains until it is again rotated by means
of the mechanism hereinafter described.
The upper table M is moved by a similar cam 40 engaging with a roller 517 on
end of a bent arın 427 pivoted at 426 to the shuttle way B. The arm 427 carries a
second roller 518, which impings against a plate 519 on the lower face of the table M.
When the table is raised the cam assumes the position shown in Figure 10 and when
the cam rotates on its shaft 41, the table drops and assumes the position shown in
Figure 41. The downward movement of the lower table is limited by the stop 520
and that of the upper table by the stop 521.
The mechanism operating these cams is so timed that when the lower table M¹ is
raised, the upper table will be lowered, but will be just ready to be raised by the
rotation of the cam 40, and when the table M¹ is dropped, the table M will be raised,
but will be on the point of being permitted to fall by the movement of the cam 39;
the time occupied by the rotation of the cam 40, between the point when it permits
the table M to fall, and when it begins to raise it again being sufficient to enable the
empty line holder and the row of space bars to be moved by the mechanism hereafter
described, from the table M' across the lower shuttle B₁ to the table M, and the
cam 39 will in turn occupy sufficient time in its relation, after the table M has
fallen, to permit the mechanism aforesaid to advance and move the line holder off of
the table M' before the latter begins to rise.
THE SPACE BAR INSERTING MECHANISM.
Instead of ordinary spaces, I use tapering or wedge-shaped space bars E which as
in other machines of this character, are inserted temporarily crosswise into and
through the line between the words as composition proceeds, or when the type is
transferred to the line holder; and which are replaced mechanically by ordinary
spaces as will be fully described later. The space bars E are clearly shown in
Figures 1, 6, 17, and 33. The particular form of space bar which is employed in the
present case is most clearly shown in the elevation in Figure 33 and in the plan view
in Figures 6 and 44. The space bars are all of the same size and from the
points 43 to 44 the sides are parallel and from the points 45 to 45 they taper on one
side as shown in Figures 6 and 44. The lower surface of the space bars is flat, so as
to permit them to slide freely upon the tables M and M', and the shuttleways B and B¹,
and into the opening 2 in the line holder 6, and they are provided, on their lower
surface with a circular opening 46 and with a rectangular opening 47 each for a
purpose to be hereafter described. The end of the space bar which enters the line
holder has a transverse longitudinal slot 48, extending nearly its entire length, for
the purpose of assisting in holding them in place, by giving a certain amount of
spring to the upper portion. The upper portion is provided, on its upper edge, with
a curved shoulder 49, with engages with the projection 6 on the edge of the line
holder and serves to hold it when inserted vertically, at the proper point, in the line.
It is also provided with a groove or nick 50, in which the hook, forming a part of the
space bar withdrawing mechanism, hereafter to be described, ultimately engages.
The space bars E, upon the upper table M, at the upper end of the machine, are
held upon it by means of a circular rod 51, formed upon the upper face of the
table M, and passing through the openings 46 in the space bars. The entire row of
space bars is kept constantly advanced against a shoulder 52, fixed upon the upper
bed plate of the machine as shown in Figures 4 and 6, by means of a sliding head 53,
which is constantly pushed forward by means of a coil spring 54, Figures 40
and 41, or in any other convenient manner. The extremity of the shoulder 52 is
provided with a finger 55, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, and the forward end
of the foremost space-bar in the line is held in a horizontal position with reference to
the line of type, by means of a stud 56, upon the extreme rear edge of the shuttle
way B. This stud is of such size that when the foremost space bar is inserted into
the line the opening 47, upon the lower surface of the space bar, will come opposite
to it and, as the line holder moves downward in its path, the opening 47 will come

page_text: opposite to the stud 56 and the space bar in the line holder will be permitted to pass
over the stud and in that way pass down the shuttle way B. It will be observed
from Figure 40 that the foremost of the line of space-bars, is kept just over the edge
of the table M, and upon the extreme upper part of the shuttle way B. The space-
bar inserting mechanism consists of a rod 57, sliding horizontally in bearings 58 and
59, and carrying a curbed arm 60 attached to it, as shown in Figures 4 and 6. The
arm 60 terminates in a vertical lug 61, directly behind the foremost space bar 62 in
the line, as shown in Figures 4 and 6. When the sliding rod 57 moves from right to
left in Figure 4 and from left to right in Figure 6, it will engage with and cause the
foremost space bar 62 in the line to move forward and enter the line holder, and to
be held in such position by the spring effect caused by the shoulder 49 engaging with
the jaws 6 and 7 of the line holder. For the purpose of imparting suitable move-
ment to the sliding rod 59, a stud 63 is provided, engaging with an eccentric
groove 64 cut upon the face of a block 65, in which block the shaft W rotates loosely
at the normal rate of speed. The block 65 terminates at its outer end in a sleeve, as
shown in Figure 8, which is encircled by a disk 66 and a gear wheel 67, provided
with teeth 68 on its periphery. The gear wheel and disk are fastened to the block
by the screws 69. The large gear wheel 67 upon the block 65 gears into an
intermediate pinion 70, which rotates upon the shaft 71. This shaft also carries
a second and larger wheel 72 rigidly fixed to it, which, in turn, engages
with a gear wheel 73 provided with the teeth 74 as shown in Figure 8,
attached to or mounted upon the block 75, which like the block 65 rotates
loosely upon the shaft W. It will be obvious, that if the block 75 be thrown
into engagement with the shaft W, a corresponding motion, but at a reduced
rate of speed, will be imparted to the cam block 65. In order to effect the
connection between the block 75 and the shaft the mechanism shown in
Figure 9 is provided, which is also shown in Figures 2, 6 and 8.
In these figures,
W represents the shaft; 76 trip-lever, pivoted loosely at the point 77 to the block 75,
and provided with a spring 78 bearing against the stud 79, also upon the block 75.
The lever is bent, as shown in Figure 9, and is held out of engagement with the
fixed collar 84, by means of a pin 80, upon the arm 81 shown in Figures 2 and 4
more in detail. The movement of the other extremity of the lever is limited, in one
direction, by a stud 82 upon the surface of the block 75, as shown in Figure 9. The
movement of the lever arm 76 is limited, in the other direction, by the stud 83,
fomed upon the surface of the collar 84, which is attached to and rotates with the
shaft W by means of the screw 85. The lever 81 is attached to a vertical arm 86 which
is pivoted at the point 87 to an arm 88, which, in turn, is rigidly attached to a rock
shaft 89. The arm 88 is attached by a spring 90 to the bed plate A as shown in
Figure 2, the effect of which is to keep the arm 88 normally depressed and the arm 81
in the position shown in Figure 2. The rock shaft is actuated by means of a lever
arm 91 carrying a space bar 92 and the opposite end of the space bar 92 is attached
at the other end of the machine to the other end of the rock shaft, as shown in
Figure 44. The arm 86 is held normally in a forward position by the spring 861, which
is attached to the upright As attached to the bed plate A3 and after a space bar
has been inserted, it restores the mechanism to its original position. As a result of
pressure exerted upon the space bar 92, the rod 81 is lifted out of the position
shown in Figure 2 and the stud 80 disengaged from the lever 76, which
thereupon assumes the position shown by the dotted lines in Figure 9, by
reason of the force of the spring 78 acting upon the pin 79. The shaft
thereupon makes a single revolution and the revolution is transmitted through
the gear wheels, above described, to the cam block 65, thus causing the rod 57 to
move horizontally and the space bar to be inserted. At the end of the revolution
the extremity of the lever 76 strikes the pin 80 and assumes its normal position and
the motion of the shaft ceases to be imparted to the cam block 75. As the cam
block 75 runs loosely upon the shaft W in order to cause it to resume its normal
position in which it can act again after a single revolution, a balance spring 93 is
provided, as shown in Figure 2, which engages with a suitable groove or nick upon

page_text: Its periphery and exerts suthcient pressure upon it to hold it normally in such
position that it can be thrown into operation when the space bar 92 is operated, the
force of the shaft being sufficient to disengage it from the spring 93 when the shaft
begins to operate. In order to compel the cam block 65 to return, after the operation,
to its normal position ready for a new operation, the disk 66 is slightly flattened at
the top as shown in Figure 2 and the pin 80 upon the shaft 81 is extended over the
same as shown in Figures 6 and 8, the disk 66 being sufficiently large to engage with
the extended rod 80, as shown in Figure 2, and stop the disc and consequently the
block 65 at the proper position where it remains held, until the pin 80, is again
raised.
THE JUSTIFYING BAR MECHANISM.
The insertion of the temporary space bars further into the line of type in the line
holder in order that the wedge portion may operate to cause the words to be spaced
or spread apart to entirely fill the line holder, is effected by the so-called line
justifying or spreading mechanism, which is designated generally by G in Figure 1.
This is best shown in Figures 1, 10, 11 and 12. Taking up Figures 11 and 12 it
will be seen that the justifying bar itself is a horizontal bar 94 which is supported
upon an arm 95, behind the row of wedges in the line holder as it moves down upon
the shuttle way B, and is arranged to move forward and drive in the entire series
of wedges as assembled in the line holder by being advanced from left to right as
shown in Figure 11. The arm 95 is attached to a rectangular sliding bar 96 which
slides upon the main bed plate A of the machine, as shown in Figures 10, 11 and 12.
One end of this rod enters into a suitable opening 97 in the bed plate B, as shown
in Figures 12, 40 and 41, and the other end of it passes through an opening in the
block 98, which is attached to the bed plate of the machine by screws 99, as shown
in Figures 11 and 12. The sliding bar 96 carries a block 100, which, in turn,
carries a loosely rotating roller 101. The block 100 impinges against a head 102,
attached to a spiral spring 103, which is carried on a rod 10+ passing through a
vertical standard 105 on the main framework of the machine. The tendency of
this spring is to cause the block 100, attached to the sliding bar 96 to be constantly
moved forward, but it is held compressed and in the position shown in Figure 12,
by means of the cam mechanism now about to be described. 106 is a driving
shaft actuated in the manner hereafter described, rotating in three vertical
bearings 107. The shaft 106, Figure 14, has attached to it a cog wheel 111, provided
on its periphery with the teeth 112, which cog wheel is surrounded by an annular
sleeve or ring 113, running loosely upon the shaft 106, but which can be made to
engage with the cog wheel 111, and rotate with the shaft 106 by devices hereinafter
described. The ring 113 has attached to its periphery two cams, one of which 114,
engages with the roller 101, mounted upon the block 100 on the bar 96, as shown in
Figure 12, in such manner that when the shaft 106 actuates the cam 114, and the
cam 114 is moved out of engagement with the roller 101, the bar 96 is moved forward
by the expansion of the spring 103 and the entire row of space bars E are driven forward
by the justifying bar 94 and into the line of type held within the line holder C,
until the line is expanded so as to completely fill out the line holder, the tension
of the spring being only just sufficient to press the bar 94 forward, a sufficient
distance to drive the line of space bars sufficiently into the line to take up all
looseness in the line and fill out the line holder. The cam 114 is attached to
the surface of the ring 113 by means of screws 115 or in any other convenient
manner. A second cam 116 is also provided upon the periphery of the ring 113,
for the purpose hereinafter described, by means of screws 117, shown in
Figure 14. In order to intermittently connect the gear wheel 111 with the loose
ring 113 for the purpose of actuating the cam 114, a pivoted dog 118 is
provided in the periphery of the ring, pivoted at the point 119, and provided
with a tooth 120 engaging with the teeth 112 upon the wheel 111. The lower
end of the pivoted dog is pressed constantly in engagement against the cog
wheels by means of a spring 121, shown in Figure 14, and is lifted out of
D

page_text: engagement with and kept free from the cogs 112 by means of the arm 122,
rigidly attached to the dog 118, in the manner shown in Figure 14. The
arm 122 is supported by the rod 108 which throws the mechanism in and out
of gear in the manner hereinafter described. Attached to the rod 108, by
a pivot 109, is an arm 110, Figure 14, for the purpose hereinafter described.
It will be apparent from the foregoing description that when the rod 100 as
shown in Figures 5, 14 and 30 is moved outward, the expansion of the spring 121
will cause the teeth 120 of the dog 118, to engage with the cogs 112 of the
wheel 111 and the sleeve 113, and the cam 114 attached thereto, will make a
single revolution, and the roller 101 will be released and the rod 96 will move
forward and the space bars driven in and the line correspondingly spread in
the line holder C. The rod 108 is normally held in the position shown in
Figure 28 by means of a spring 123 attached at the other end to the vertical
fraine plate A of the machine, so that until the rod 108 is moved by the
proper agencies, the justifying bar 94 remains at rest and is not operated, and
the ring 113 rotates loosely on its collar on the shaft 106.
THE LINE HOLDER ARRESTING MECHANISM.
The object of this is to hold the line holder while the justifying bar is operating.
This consists of a horizontal bar or lever 128 which is pivoted at 130 in a slot 129 cut
longitudinally in the front face of the shuttle or line holder way B, as shown in
Figures 7 and 13. A spring 132 is set into an opening 133 in the plate B, as shown
in Figure 13; serves to constantly throw the forward end of the lever 128 outward,
or from left to right in Figure 13. The forward end of the lever 128, is provided
with a hook 131, which engages with the line holder and holds it by reason of the
projection of the hook 131, which engages with the front corner of the part 33 of the
line holder. The lever 128 is operated by means of a sliding rod 126 butting against
its rear end, passing through a horizontal opening 127 in the plate B, and the other
end of which impinges against a pivoted latch 124, Figures 7 and 13, pivoted on the
rod 125 to the bed plate. The end of this latch, when the lever is at rest, touches
upon the surface of the roller 113 but when the shaft 106 has been rotated in the
manner above described, for the purposes of driving in the space bars, the latch 124 is
tripped by the cam 116 upon the surface of the roller 113, and the rod 126 is driven
inward, thereby throwing out the inner end of the lever 128, compressing the
spring 132, and releasing the hold 131 from the corner of the line holder C, thus
permitting the line holder to resume its movement upon the shuttle way B, by the
operation of the lower driving rack which at this instant has begun to operate as will
hereafter be described. It will be obvious that this movement will continue until
the cam 116 has passed the latch 124, and when this has been accomplished, the
force of the spring 132, throws the lever 128 back to its original position, as shown in
Figure 13, and the mechanism will be in position to stop the second line holder as it
descends. By means of mechanism which throws the roller 113 into engagement
with the shaft 106 at the proper instant, it is possible to cause a line holder to be
held and to be released and move on, with each revolution of the shaft 106.
In order to announce to the operator that the line-holder has been filled, any
convenient form of bell mechanism may be employed. In the present case a bell 414
is shown attached to the support 415 upon the block 429 sliding in the ways 430
upon an extension of the vertical bed plate at the upper end of the machine. It is
struck by the hammer 416. It is provided with an arm 419, kept in a constant
position by the spring 417, attached to the block at 418 at one end and to the rod 419
by the arm 4191 at the other end and by the stud 428. The rod 419 is supported on
the top of the lineholder and when the lineholder moves down beyond the end of the
rod, the rod drops by reason of the action of the spring and the bell is struck. When
the lineholder rises on the upper table, it lifts the rod 419 with it and compresses the
spring 417. The block on which the bell is attached may be set at any particular
point with reference to the length of the line by adjusting it in the sliding ways 430
as shown on Figure 5.

page_text: THE SPACE SELECTING MECHANISM.
By this title is understood that particular mechanism which arrests the line holder
after the space bars have been driven in, and the line expanded and then drives in
the space bars successively so as to take up any looseness in the line, and withdraws
them one by one, and inserts in the place of the bar so withdrawn an ordinary space
of appropriate thickness to replace the temporary space bar and ultimately to properly
space out the line. The present machine differs from other machines of the same
general character, in that this operation takes place by driving in each space bar
successively, so as to completely fill up the line and then removing and replacing it
by permanent spaces, and not by driving in all the space bars simultaneously and then
removing and replacing the first, and simultaneously driving in the remaining ones,
and then removing and replacing what is then the foremost space bar and so on. The
mechanism which accomplishes this result in the present machine may be con-
veniently divided into three parts. First, the line arresting mechanism, or line
holder brake; Second, the fractional spacing mechanism; and, Third, the space
selecting mechanism. These will now be described separately.
(a) LINE HOLDER BRAKE.
In order to hold the line holder stationary during the operation of the driving in
and removing of the space bar and inserting a space, a line holder brake consisting of
a sliding rod 253 is provided. The outer end of the rod 253 slides in a bearing in
the strap 98, and the motion of the rod is limited by a collar 252 attached to it at the
outer end. The rod terminates in a cross head 250 fastened by a pin 255 to the rod,
and a spring 136 is provided for normally holding the cross head 250 and the rod in
an advanced position and constantly thrown forward. One end of the cross head bears
against a sliding rod 247, provided with a limiting stop 164, which is arranged to
slide in bearings 249 upon the bed plate A. The other end of the rod 247 carries a.
cam shoe 248, which, by reason of the tension of the spring 136, is constantly held
against the cam projection 251 upon the ring 142, as shown in Figures 10, 11
and 18.
When the ring 142 is thrown into connection with the constantly rotating shaft 106,
the cam 251 will be withdrawn from the shoe 248, the rod 247 will be driven forward
by the cross head 250 and its retractile spring 136, as far as its stop 164 will permit.
The cross head 250 will then drive the sliding rod 253 forward until it bears upon the.
line holder C at its lowest projecting part marked 33 in Figures 4 and 32. By this.
means the line holder will be held firmly until the space selecting mechanisin has
completed its operation and will not be released until the ring 142 carrying the
cam 251 has nearly completed its revolution and it is necessary for the line holder to
move forward again, 136 will be compressed and the brake rod 253 will be withdrawn
from the lineholder C and the latter will be permitted to move forward until the
foremost space-bar or wedge strikes the rod 193 which actuates the mechanisın
throwing the ring 142 in and out of engagement with the shaft 106. In the mean-
time the cam 251 will be held against the cam shoe 248, and the brake held in the
released position shown in Figure 11, until such time as the mechanism is thrown
into operation again; this operation being repeated each time that the line holder
advances so that the space bar impinges against the rod 193.
(b) THE FRACTIONAL SPACING MECHANISM.
It will be obvious from the foregoing that after the justifying bar has driven all the.
space bars into the line holder, so as to fill out and expand the line, that the instant
when the line holder comes under the space selecting mechanism, all the space bars
will be inserted a like distance into the line. If then the first space-bar be removed.
and the appropriate space inserted, and if the operation be continued successively,'
and if in each case a proper space is selected to precisely fill in the amount of space

page_text: i
In
occupied in the line by the space-bar, perfect justification will be effected. As a
matter of practice, however, no space inserted in place of any space bar does actually
occupy precisely the same amount of space as was occupied by the space-bar. There-
fore, as the space-bars are removed and replaced by spaces, one by one, a slight
looseness in the line will be observed, which looseness must constantly increase as
the operation of removing and replacing the space-bars continues. To take up this
looseness and compensate for it and put in a theoretically correct space, as the
operation of justification continues, the fractional spacing device is employed, which
consists, as is shown in Figures 10, 15, and 16, of a sliding bar 134, Figures 15 and 16,
which slides horizontally across and over the shuttle way B and is attached to a
sliding bar 136, which slides horizontally on the bed plate A, as shown in Figures 15
and 16 in the block 98. The sliding bar 135 carries a vertical arm 137, carrying a
roller 138. This roller engages with a double, irregular cam 139, arranged to be
operated from the shaft 106 by substantially the same agencies as are employed for
the purpose of operating the cam 114, which operates the justifying bar. The
arm 137 and the bar 135, are constantly kept thrown forward by means of a spring 140
on the rod 141 attached to the frame 105 in the same manner as before.
Figures 10 and 11, 142 is an annular ring, similar to the ring 113. 143 is a dog,
similar to the dog 118. 144 is a bar similar to the bar 122 pivoted at the point 145
in the same manner as the bar 122. Between the cam 139 and the annular ring 142,
is a second cam 146 which operates the space-ejecting mechanism in the manner
hereinafter described. When the cam 139 is thrown into engagement with the
shaft 106 and the bar 135 moves forward, through the engagement with the roller 138,
the bar 134 carried on it moves forward also, and comes in contact with the end of
the space-bar E, as shown in Figure 16, and drives it forward so as to take up any
looseness in the line. Attached to the arm 134 is a bracket 147 carrying a pivoted
hook 148, pivoted to the bracket 147 at the point 149, Figure 16. This hook,
when the arm 134 is not in operation, assumes the position shown in
Figure 15 by reason of a spring 150 inserted into the top of the hook and bearing
against a pin 151 upon the upright 147. The end of the hook is curved as shown in
Figures 15 and 16 and the point is sharpened as there shown, in such a manner as to
enable it to engage with the indentation 50 upon the rear end of the space-bar E, so
that when the bar 134 moves forward and impinges against the end of the space-bar
and drives it into the line holder, the curved end of the hook 148 is tripped over
the bevelled end of the space bar, and engages with the nick as shown in
Figure 16.
At the instant that the forward motion of the bar 134 ceases, and the
retrogade motion commences, and the space selecting mechanism begins to operate,
the hook 148 is firmly attached to the space-bar and as the bar 134 moves backward
and the hook being mounted upon it, carries with it the space-bar and withdraws it
from the line holder. For the purpose of driving down the space-bar, so withdrawn
by the hook 148, the instant that the same is placed upon the shuttle way B, a device
in the nature of a latch, is employed, which is shown in Figures 10 and 15. This latch
consists of a bent arm 152, pivoted at 153 to a plate 154, conveniently mounted by a
screw 155, to the plate A. The plate 154 may be conveniently arranged to meet the
construction of the machine but in the drawings it is shown attached to the base of
the bearing 107. The arm of the latch 152 is kept constantly thrown forward by
means of a spring 156. It is bevelled on its inner face at the point 157, as shown in
Figure 10, so that when the rod 134 moves forward, the extremity of that rod will
impinge against the latch at the point 157 and cause the same to open it, and the
instant that the bar 134 moves backward, the spring 156 will advance the latch and
the latch will gently move the space bar previously released from the line on the
shuttle way B and advance the same downward upon the saine a short distance, so as
to leave a free space upon the shuttle way for the bar 134 to advance and remove the
next spaces. The movement of the latch is limited in a forward direction by the front
end of the bar 134. The effect of the latch is to keep the line of space bars as they
are removed, one by one, constantly forced down upon the lower table M' and to
assume the position shown in Figure 17 with the opening 46 in the space bar in

page_text: (c) SPACE BAR HOLDING MECHANISM.
In order to hold the space-bars as they are withdrawn one by one and forced
forward by the latch 152 in alignment, on the tabe M¹, and assemble them in proper
order, the mechanism shown in Figures 17, 18, 26 and 44 is provided. This consists
of a horizontal rod 255, arranged to slide in the upper end of the lower table M¹. The
horizontal motion of this rod is limited by a vertical pin 256 inserted in a recess of
the rod 255 which also prevents it from turning. A spiral spring 257 impinging
against a corresponding pin 258 at the other end, is recessed in the rear end of the
rod 255 as shown in Figure 18. The effect of this construction is to keep the
rod 255 constantly thrown forward from right to left, as shown in Figure 18 pressing
against the vertical pin 256. The sliding motion of this rod from left to right in
Figure 18, controls the dropping of a horizontal stop plate 259, as shown in
Figures 17, 18, 26 and 44. This stop plate, as is shown in Figure 26, is pivoted at
one end at the point 260, in the recess in the table M¹, and it is provided at its
upper end with a flange 261, against which the space bar rests when it is withdrawn
from the line holder C, and forced down by the latch 152; and a spring 262 is
provided at the free end of the plate 259, which is held normally in the position shown
in Figures 26 and 44. The lower end of the spring 262 is attached to a pin 263
upon the bed plate A. The tendency of this spring is to draw the free end of the
plate 259 constantly downward. The upper surface of the rod 255 is provided with a
bevelled slot 264, which is of a width large enough to receive the plate 259, so that
when the rod 255 moves forward from left to right in Figure 15, and the slotted
portion 264 comes under the plate 259, the tension of the spring 262 will draw down
the free end of the plate 259, and the foremost space-bar E will pass over the
shoulder 261, and onto the plate 259, and when the rod 255 moves back from right
to left, the beveled end 265 of the slot 264 will raise the plate to its original position
shown in Figures 18, 26 and 44, which the shoulder 261 ready to hold another space
bar. In order to properly move the rod 255 the proper distance and at the right
instant, a pivoted lever arm 266 is provided, pivoted on the shaft 267, shown in
Figure 18, and to trip the same, a cam lug 268 is provided on the periphery of the
ring 142, which is of such size and is so timed as to its revolution that it engages at
the proper instant with the lever 266 as shown in Figure 17, and throws it forward so
that the extension piece 269 engages with the end of the rod 255 and throws the
same forward a distance equal to the distance which the same can travel upon the
pin 256. A spring 270, holds the lever 266 normally away from and out of contact
with the rod 255, and after the shoulder 271 of the lever 266 is tripped by the
cam 268 restores it to its original position.
(d) THE SPACE SELECTING MECHANISM.
The space selecting mechanism is best shown in Figures 3, 10, 15, 16, 17 and 18.
In the drawings L represents a suitable sliding space holder containing compart-
ments 159 of suitable sizes to which the spaces are constantly supplied, through
appropriate channels 160. Appropriate space ejectors 161 operate to eject a space
from the particular compartiment 159 from which the selected space is to be ejected.
The ejecting is effected by an ejecting bar or rod 162. Figures 10 16. 17 and 10
The space selecting mechanism is best shown in Figures 3, 10, 15, 16, 17 and 18.
In the drawings L represents a suitable sliding space holder containing compart-
ments 159 of suitable sizes to which the spaces are constantly supplied, through
appropriate channels 160. Appropriate space ejectors 161 operate to eject a space
from the particular compartiment 159 from which the selected space is to be ejected.
The ejecting is effected by an ejecting bar or rod 162, Figures 10, 16, 17
7 and 18,
which bar is pivoted at the point 163 to a standard 164, upon the bed plate A, as
shown in Figures 10, 17 and 18, and is normally held down by means of a spring 165,
attached to the rod 162 at its loose end at the point 166, and at the other end to the
vertical frame of the machine 1, at the point 428 as shown in Figures 17 and 18.
The upward movement of the rod 162 is guided by a strap or rod 168 attached to the

page_text: shown in Figure 30. The loose end of the latch is arranged to lift in turn the
rod 170, from the lug 176. At the instant that this release is effected the detent
hook falls by its own weight into the detent step directly under it, where it is held
by the action of the spring 185 on the space box L on which stop it rests, thereby
holding the space box in a fixed position, until the detent rod 170 is raised. While
so held the proper space is inserted by the ejector into the space formed in the line
by the withdrawal of space-bar.
On the completion of a single revolution of the shaft 180, the lug 184 is so arranged
that it comes in contact with and raises the rod 175 and its detent lateh 178 from the
> detent stop 179. The space holder I is then at once returned to its original position
by the spring 185 (Figure 1) and is held there by the step V₁ bearing against the
side plate 1. The spring 185 is shown in Figures 1, 17, and 18, and is attached to
the frame of the machine and to the bottom of the space box L, which slides in
suitable ways 186 upon the frame of the machine. The stop V1 is placed on the frame
of the machine as shown in Figure 1. The details of the mechanism for advancing
the spaces in the space channels and for ejecting the spaces are not shown, as any
suitable mechanism may be employed.
For the purpose of driving the justifying and spacing mechanism, the auxiliary
shaft 106 is employed, rotating in the bearing, 107. This terminates at its upper end
in a bevelled gear wheel 314. The driving pulley T carries on its shaft 343 a bevel
wheel 277 which meshes into another bevel wheel 311 carried on the end of a vertical
shaft 312, Figures 4 and 5. At the other end of the shaft 312 is a smaller pinion 313
meshing into the bevelled gear wheel 314 on the shaft 106 whereby appropriate rotary
motion is imparted thereto, the size of the gear wheels being so related to each other
that the proper speed of the shaft 106 results.
THE BUNTER MECHANISM.
This consists of a horizontal pusher 215 operated intermittently by the shaft 106,
which is thrown into operation by appropriate mechanism when the line holder reaches
a proper point in the line of its travel, so that when the line holder stands directly
in front of the galley the justified line of type can be removed. This mechanism is
shown in detail in Figures 3, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and 25, and it consists of a sliding
plate 216, sliding horizontally upon the bed plate A to which is attached, at one end,
a horizontal bunter 215, as shown in Figures 3 and 19. The plate 216 slides in the
straps 217 on the bed plate A. The bunter 215 carries on its upper rear edge a
suitable bearing 219, to which is pivoted at 220 a bar 214, which, in turn is pivoted
at 218 to the edge of a disk 202, mounted upon the shaft 106, so that when the disk
revolves an eccentric motion will be imparted to the rod 214 and the bunter 215 will
be caused to slide horizontally forward and backward. The shaft 106 carries a
collar 201, which is fastened to and rotates with it. This collar contains on its
O periphery a series of gear teeth 203, as shown in Figures 19 and 22. Between the
collar 201 and the disk 202 is placed a ring 204, shown in detail in Figure 21. This
ring has an ear or lug with an opening containing a pin 207 at one end, and
on the other end a somewhat longer ear or lug 205, the shape of which
is shown in detail in Figure 21. The inner surface of the ring 202
5 is formed in the manner shown in Figure 20, and is provided on either side
with two channels 206, adapted to hold and receive the two ears or lugs of the
ring 204. When the ring 204 is placed in position between the collar 201 and the
disk 202 the condition of things is shown in Figure 22. Two spiral springs 209 are
provided on either side of the ear or lug 205, the effect of which is to keep the
ring 204 constantly pressed against the collar 201 which rotates with the shaft 106.
The disk 202 rotates loosely upon the shaft 106 and is held in position by a circular
disk 210 and a screw 211, which screws into the head of the shaft 106. It will be
obvious from the Figure 22 that as long as the ring 204 is in engagement with the
teeth 203 upon the face of the collar 201, the ring 204 will rotate with the shaft 106
and a reciprocating motion will be imparted to the bar 214. In order to throw the

page_text: ring 204 out of engagement with the teeth 203 on the collar 201 and to stop the
rotation of the ring 202, a retaining pawl is provided, 212, more clearly shown in
Figure 30, attached to an arm 198, pivoted to the bearing 107 by the pivot 221.
The tendency of this pawl is to keep the ear 205 out of engagement with the teeth
by means of a spring 199, which constantly tends to throw the upper end of the
pawl 198 outward and the lower end inward. The pawl 212 is actuated by a rod, 42,
which engages with the end of a lever 222 which is pivoted at 223, to an extension
piece 224 upon the foremost of the straps 217, or at any other convenient point, on
the bed plate. The lever 222 is provided with a nose 225, which is arranged to
engage with a notch 226 in the front edge of the line holder. A spring 227 is pro-
vided at the other end of the lever 222, which spring bears against the edge 6 of the
line holder C as it comes forward. As the line holder comes down and stops at the
end of its line of travel the spring 227 strikes the edge 6, and throws the nose 225
into the notch 226 thereby pulling the rod 424 forward and releasing the pawl and
causing the ear or lug 205 to take the position shown in Figure 22, thereby causing
the ring 202 to rotate with the shaft 106, and the plate 215 and the bunter 216 to
move forward and its forward face to come in contact with the line of type in the line
holder through the opening 2 therein and to push the line of type from the line
holder, off onto the galley U. For the purpose of adjusting the length of the bunter
to the length of the line of type formed in the line holder a sliding plate 229
shown in Figures 3, 19, 20 and 21 is provided. This slides in a suitable way 230
cut in the interior of the bunter 215, upon a suitable track 231, Figure 3, and may
be shifted laterally and fitted to suit the length of any line of type in the line holder
by means of a thumb screw 232. By moving the plate 229 forward or backward in
the way 230 as shown in Figure 19 the length of the surface 234 presented to the
surface of the type in the line holder may be increased or diminished.
THE TABLE SUPPORTING MECHANISM.
For the purpose of supporting the lower table M¹ an adjustable latch, shown in
Figures 19, 23, 24 and 25 is provided. This latch is carried upon an arm 237, screwed
to the lower front edge of the plate A as shown in Figure 23. To this arm is pivoted
at 236, the latch proper 235, the upper end of which is made in the form of steps as
shown in Figures 24 and 25. To the upper end of the latch 235 a sliding bar 241, is
pivoted at 238, which carries a stop 246, which stop engages with the foremost of the
straps 217 on the bed plate A, and limits the movement of the bar 241 from left to
right as shown in Figure 23. The extremity of the bar 241 is provided with a
beveled termination in the form of a hook 242, Figures 24 and 25. A spring 239
recessed in the front end of the plate A and bearing against the latch proper 235,
throws the latch constantly forward into the position shown in Figures 24 and 25. An
arm 245 is fastened to the plate 216 upon which the bunter slides and moves forward with
the plate, provided with a projecting lug 244. The length of the lug 244, is such
that when the plate 216 moves forward, the lug comes under the beveled end 242 of
the bar 241, lifts it and passes under it, and permits the har 241 to drop. At the
instant that the bunter 215 and the bar 216 move forward to eject the type, the
table M¹ is held in an elevated position upon the step 234 of the latch 235, and as
the plate 216 moves forward the head 242 is lifted by the lug 244 on the bar 245. The
instant that the plate 216 begins to move backward, the lug 244 engages with the
inner face of the hook 242, and causes the latch 235 to be moved from right to left
and the spring 239 to be compressed. A pin 243 is so placed on the bearing 107,
that the beveled surface of the hook 242 will ride up upon it for a distance sufficient to
lift the point of the hook over the lug 244, which is thereupon restored to its original
position by the spring 239. While this operation is taking place the seat or
step 235¹ will have been withdrawn and the table M¹ will have been allowed to drop
to its lower position, carrying with it the empty line holder and space bars which are
then in position to be removed therefrom by the operation of the line holder returning
mechanism hereinafter described. In the meantime the latch 235 will have reassumed

page_text: the position shown in Figures 24 and 25. When the table M' moves upward it
passes over the latch 235 by the compression of the spring 239, which spring throws
the latch forward after the table has passed, and the latter rests upon the stop 235
again, and is supported in the same manner as before, until the bunter mechanism
again moves forward. It will be obvious from the foregoing that the table will be
held firmly in the upper position until such time as the descent of the lineholder
operates the bunter mechanism, which, at the instant that the line is discharged
from the line holder, throws the table latch into operation and permits the table
to fall.
In order to throw into engagement and release the cam 146, at the appropriate
moment the trip mechanism shown in Figures 3, 10, 11 and 18 is provided. This
consists of a rod 187 rotating on bearings 188 and 189, the latter of which is formed
on the upper edge of the vertical plate 1. The rod 187 terminates at its outer end in
an arm 190 (Figures 3 and 11), which, at its end, has a projection 191 (Figure 18)
fitting under the lever 144 attached to the dog 143, whereby, when the shaft 187 is
rotated, the arm 144 is raised or lowered according to the direction of rotation, and
the dog 143 is thrown into or out of engagement with the cog wheel 192 attached to
the shaft 106, and the annular ring 142 and the cams 146 and 139 will thus be
caused to rotate in substantially the same manner as the mechanism at the other end
of the shaft 106, for operating the justifying bar is caused to be rotated. The
rotation of the shaft 187 is effected by contact with the foremost space bar in the line
holder C which comes in contact with a rod 193 sliding in a suitable seat 194 in the
vertical plate 1 as shown in Figure 11. One end of the rod 193 impinges against
the foreinost space-bar in the line holder when the line holder moves down at the
commencement of the operation of withdrawal and justification. The other extremity
of the rod 193 is connected by a fixed vertical arm 195, shown in Figures 3 and 18,
which arm, as is shown in these figures, is attached to the rod 187, at its upper end,
so that when the rod 193 slides in the seat 194 it will push the rod 195 forward and
cause a rotation of the rod 187 and arm 190 release the lever 144 and cause a
corresponding movement of the dog 143 and engagement with the gear wheel 192,
resulting in a corresponding motion of the cams 146 and 139. In order to return the
rod 187 to the original position, after the rotation of the cam, a spring 196 is provided,
attached to the bearing 168, as shown in Figures 3, 11, and 18.
It will be apparent
from the foregoing that, as each temporary space bar is removed and the appropriate
space has been inserted the spring 196 will rotate the rod 187, thus breaking the
connection with the shaft 106 and throwing forward the rod 193 so that it can be
tripped by the next space bar when it comes forward in the constantly moving line
holder. It will be observed that each time this mechanism is tripped by the space
bar, the cam 146 is caused to make a single revolution and at the end of the revolution
the rod 193 will be thrown back to its original position ready to be acted upon by the
next space bar when the line holder comes down to the position where the same is
removed.
The rod 193 is thrown back after the lever 144 has passed by the spring 196 when
the space bar which is pressed against the rod 193 by the lower short rack and weight
is withdrawn by the hook 148.
LINE HOLDER RETURNING MECHANISM.
For the purpose of returning the line holders, one by one, from the lower table M¹
across the lower line holder way B₁ to the upper table M, a chain and sprocket
mechanism, shown in Figures 2, 4, 5, 24, 27, 28, 39 and 44 is provided. This chain
and sprocket mechanism is so arranged that the same will move in two different
directions. In the drawings 302 represents the sprocket chain, 272 the upper
sprocket wheel, and 273 the lower sprocket wheel. The lower sprocket wheel 273 is
an ordinary wheel arranged to rotate on an axis 42, as shown in Figures 24 and 39.
The upper sprocket wheel is of the peculiar construction shown in Figures 4, 5, 27
and 28. 41 is an auxiliary shaft carrying a loose sleeve 282 which is beld in the

page_text: position upon the shaft 41, by means of two fixed collars 301 at either end. The sleeve
282 carries two loose gear wheels 274 and 279, each of equal size, and each connected
by means of intermediate gear wheels 276 and 278 with the main driving shaft 343 so
that the gear wheel 274 rotates in one direction loosely on the shaft 41 and sleeve 282
and the gear wheel 279 loosely on it in the other direction. The direction of these
wheels is shown by arrows upon Figures 5 and 28, the first of which shows inovements
of the gear wheel 274, and the second that of the gear wheel 279. The gear wheel 279
is shown in Figure 28 by dotted lines. To these gear wheels are fastened by the
screws 291, two smaller gear wheels 280 and 281, as shown in Figure 27. The
wheel 280 is fastened to the gear wheel 274 and the wheel 281 to the gear wheel 279.
Between these two, two disks 307 and 308 are placed, between which is set a sprocket
wheel, composed of the spokes 285 with the teeth 286 on its periphery, which is
keyed to the sleeve 282 by a key 283. The sprocket wheel is fastened to the disks
by screws 289. The opposite faces of the two disks are each slotted as shown at 309
in Figures 5 and 28 and in each slot is placed a flat trip lever 293 pivoted at the
point 297 and carrying on its outer surface a stud 295. 292 represent two toothed
dogs, one of which is pivoted to the outer face of the disk 307 and the other to
the outer face of the disk 308, as shown in Figures 5, 27 and 28. Each of these
dogs is provided with a tooth 296 and a notch 310, as shown in Figures 5
and 28. A spring 303 is fastened upon the face of each of the disks 307
and 308, impinging against the end of the dog 292, upon that particular disk
whereby the tooth 296 of the dog is kept normally engaged with the stud 295 upon
the corresponding flat lever 293. It will be obvious that if, for any reason, the, upper
end of the lever 292 be thrown outward and the tooth of the dog be thrown out of
engagement with the pin 295 and the pin be thrown down into the notch 310, the
tooth 296¹ will engage with the teeth on the periphery of the gear wheel 280 in the
one case, and with those on the periphery of the wheel 281 in the other case and the
sprocket wheel will thereupon rotate in the same direction as that in which the gear
wheel 274 is rotated in the one case and the gear wheel 279 in the other case, and
will be carried in the direction shown by arrows in Figures 5 and 28, thereby giving
a similar rotation in each case. The extremities of each of the flat levers 293 extend
out beyond the sprocket mechanism and in order to trip the lever 293 at the proper
time, an arm 110 is provided, which is connected with the mechanism which actuate
the racks and is moved as hereafter described. This arm 110 is arranged to engage
with the end of the flat lever 293, extending outward from between the disks shown
in the Figures 5 and 27, which lever is slightly bevelled on its rear end as shown
at 306. When the rod 110, Figure 5, comes in contact with the lever 293, it throws
the pin 295 from its position, as shown in Figure 5 in the tooth 296, into the
notch 310 in the dog 292, whereupon the tooth 296 engages with the gear wheel 280
and the sprocket wheel 272 rotates in the same direction as the direction of rotation
of the gear wheel 281. The lever 293 will obviously rotate with the gear wheel 280
and when nearly the entire revolution is completed, the bevelled end 306 of the
lever 293 will come in contact with a pin or stud 305 held at the end of a fixed
arm 304 supporting the rod 110 as shown in Figure 5. Thereupon the lever 293 will
be restored to its normal position, the teeth 296 thrown out of engagement, the con-
nection between the disk and the sprocket wheel and the gear wheel 280 will be
released and the chain 302 upon the sprocket wheel will cease to move. At the instant
when the fixed rod 304 operates to throw the sprocket wheel out of connection with
the gear wheel on the one side of the two disks; the corresponding lever 293 upon
the other side of the disk will be tripped by a Y shaped stop 299-300 pivoted fast
at 298 upon the auxiliary shaft 279. The effect of tripping this lever will be to cause
the lever 293 on the inside of the disk to nove, so that the stud will come into the
corresponding notch in the lever 292 attached to the inner disk and cause the tooth
295 of the dog 292 to engage with the gear wheel 281, rotating with the gear
wheel 279, and thereby impart a reverse direction to the chain 302 upon the sprocket
wheel 285. When an almost complete revolution is effected the shoulder 306 upon
the flat lever 296 comes in contact with the curved extremity 299 of the Y shaped

page_text: stop 299-300 and thereupon the lever 393 will be tripped and the dog 292 will
assume its former position, thus releasing the connection between the cog wheel 281
and the sprocket wheel 285.
THE SPACE BAR RETURNING MECHANISM.
385, in a plate 386 extending
It is also guided at the upper
This consists of a block 383 sliding in a slot or way
the full length of the machine as shown in Figure 30.
end by a lug 389 formed on an extension plate 388, as shown in Figures 4 and 30
travelling in the way 392 on the block 383.
This block 383 is shown clearly in Figure 45. It carries on its under face a chain
fastener 388 by means of which it is attached to the chain 302 passing over the
sprocket wheels 272 and 273 as shown in Figure 39. As the sprocket wheels turn
from right to left the sliding block 383 by engagement with the chain fastener moves
up on its ways, and when the sprocket wheels inove in the other direction the fastener
moves the block back again to its original position.
The block 383 carried a slide 382 set at right angles to it as shown in Figure 44
which carries a spring latch 378 pivoted at the point 379 to the slide and the move-
ment of which is limited by a stop pin 380 against which it is held by a spring 381.
A friction pin, 391, running in the way 392 is provided in lower part of the bed
plate A to regulate the movement. The outer end of the slide 382 has to be provided
with the latch 378 in order to enable it on its downward movement to pass the
table M and the roller 514. The lower end of the table M is cut out as shown at 393
which enables it to pass by the table and assume its original position ready to remove
the line holder and space bars when the table falls again. This will be best seen by
reference to Figure 41. As the slide 382 descends by the downward movement of
the chain 302 the extremity of the latch 378 comes in contact with the upper edge
of the table M and is compressed. As it descends still further it comes in contact
with the roller 514 and still further hent in by it until finally it reaches the point
where it passes the edge of the cut 393 and then is restored by the spring 381 to the
position shown in Figure 44.
In order to enable the space bars when removed from the table M by the upper
surface of the slide 382, to pass over the projection 261 on the pivoted plate 259 on
the table; a projecting lug 384 is provided on the block 383 so that when the block
moves upward, the bevelled edge of the lug 384, comes in contact with the sliding
rod 255 in the table M and causes the same to slide inward in the same manner as it
was caused to slide by the block 266, when the space bar passed originally down onto
the table, thus depressing the plate 259 and permitting the bars to be moved over the
edge 261 and off of the table on the shuttle way B¹. In order to support the space
bars as they move off the shuttle way B₁ three pivoted spring wedges 387, pivoted
at 395 in the bed plate A and actuated by springs 396 as shown in Figures 7, 13
and 40 are employed. The space bars are further guided by the plate 394 in the end
of which the wedges are inserted, which plate extends entirely over to the lower end
of the shuttle way practically covering it.
We will now take up and describe the various actuating mechanisms employed.
THE LINE HOLDER DRIVING MECHANISM.
This will be best seen from Figures 2, 34, 35 and 43.
The rack 1 is driven by the gear wheel 325 rotating on the shaft 326, the rack 1b
is driven by the gear wheel 327 rotating on the shaft 328. The shaft runs in a
bearing 329 and carries on it a cog wheel 330, and the shaft 328, Figure 12, runs in
a bearing 331 and carries at its extremity a cog wheel 332. The cog wheel 332.
engages with a larger cog wheel 335 upon an independent shaft 337, which carries a
cog wheel 336 and also a sheave pulley 338 over which passes a cord 339 attached
to a weight 340. The effect of the weight upon the sheave is to keep the rack 315
normally in the position shown in Figure 2. The cog wheel 330, which drives the
upper rack 314, engages with a sliding rack 333 with teeth at one side at one end

page_text: and on the opposite side at the other end, sliding in a way 334, and the cog wheel 336
- engages with a sliding rack 341 formed in the manner clearly shown in Figure 2,
with teeth on one side at one end, and at the opposite side at the other end, sliding
in the ways 344 and 351.
Each of the racks 1ª and 1 carries a latch 316 provided in a recess 318 on the
upper face of the rack. The latch is of the same construction in each case, and is
provided with a spring 319 which throws it constantly forward, and with the two
pins 217 and 321, in the recess on either side for limiting its movement. A pin 322
is placed in the upper end of the way 324 on the side plate 1, in which the rack 1ª
slides, which pin is arranged to move in a groove 321 on the face of the rack, which
pin retracts the latch of the rack 1" when it raises, and permits the line holder to pass
by it when the table A is raised.
The ends of the racks, 333 and 341 are operated by mechanism shown more clearly
in Figures 34 and 35, 36 and 37, which alternately engage with a gear wheel 342 on
the main driving shaft 343, by means of the action of a right angled rocking arm 347
pivoted at 348 to the frame of the machine.
The extremity of the rack 341 is normally held out of engagement with the
wheel 342 by means of the rocking arm 347 pivoted at 348 to an arm 353 upon the
frame of the machine.
The upper end of the arm 347, is held up by a spring 349, one end of which is
attached to the arm 347, and the other end to a pin 350 on the bearing 351, on the
frame of the machine. The inner face of the rack 341 carries at the rear end a
groove 362, in which a pin 363 upɔn the upper end of the arm 347 slides. When
the upper arm of 347 is depressed, the rack 341 comes into engagement with the
wheel 342 and moves from left to right as shown in Figure 2. In order to depress
the arm 347 at the right instant with respect to the movement of the rack 333 which
actuates the driving rack 1^, a recess 354 (Figure 34) is formed on front edge of the
rack 333 below the point where the teeth on that edge cease, and a pin 355 is provided
on the lower end of the bent arm 347, projecting horizontally forward so as to engage
with and enter the recess. In order to throw the rack 333 into engagement with the
wheel 342 and to bring it back to its original position, the devices shown in
Figures 34, 35, 36 and 37 are employed. These consist of a spring-plunger 357
impinging against the teeth of the rod 333, carried on a pin 360 encircled by a spiral
spring 359 sliding in a block 358 attached to the upright plate A7. On the opposite
side is a block 345 shaped as shown, containing a groove in which the rod 333
slides vertically it being forced constantly inward by the plunger 357, and it
is held in a locked position by the pivoted spring lever 364 pivoted to the
block 345 at 365, and provided with a jaw 368 engaging with the rack as shown in
Figure 36 and normally held in engagement by the action of the spring 366.
When the rack 333 is rocked forward by the key H the latch 368 by the action of
the spring 366 at once flies back of it and the face 361 engages with the smooth face
of the rack as it rises and holds it constantly in engagement with the wheel 342
until it passes out the jaw 368 and into the block 345.
When the key 1 is depressed, the pin 3691 on the bent lever 369 throws the lower
end of the rack 333 forward from left to right, compressing the spring 359 and
throwing the upper teeth on the rear edge of the rack 333 into engagement with the
teeth on the constantly rotating cog wheel 342. The rack 333 thereupon begins to
move upward imparting its motion to the wheel 330, and the driving rack 1ª begins
then to travel downward, the latch 316 released from the pin 322 and moves engages
the end of the line holder and pushes it with it.
When the rack 333 is 'pushed outward, the pin 355 is withdrawn from the lower
shoulder of the recess 354 and the shoulder will then pass by the pin and the
rack 333 will move upward. When the lower end of the rack 333 has passed up
beyond the block 364, the spring-plunger 359 will immediately throw the end of the
rack from right to left thus releasing it from engagement with the wheel 342,
whereupon it ceases to move. As the rack 333 is thus driven by the spring-plunger
from right to left, it strikes against the pin 355, and pushes it into the shoulder 356

page_text: in the upper block 345, where upon the pressure of the spring-plunger 359, against
the rack 333 acting on the pin 355, will depress the upper arm of the rocking
arm 347 by means of the groove 262 and pin 263, and the rack 341 will be thrown
into engagement with the wheel 342, causing the former to travel from left to right on
the ways 344 and 351, thereby causing the lower rack 1b to begin to move upward
pushing with it upper rack 1ª back to its original position. When the rack 1" reaches
the end of its line of travel, the rack 333 will have descended a sufficient distance to
again engage with the pin 355, and trip the rocking arm 347, thereby raising the
end of the rack 341 and breaking the connection with the arm 342. The instant that
the rack 341 is released from engagement with the wheel 342, the weight 340, is
free to drop, and it commences to unwind the sheave 338 gradually as the bars are
removed one by one, and drive down the lower rack. The latch 316 upon the upper
end of the rack 1b thereupon engages with the upper end of the line holder C, as
shown in Figure 11, and drives it forward.
The bevelled end 367 of the rack 333 guides it into and through the block 361
compressing the spring 366 into the original position shown in Figure 34 and as it
descends the pin 355 slides down on the smooth face of the rack until the recess 354
comes opposite to the pin 355 on the rocking arm 354, whereupon the spring 349
draws the arm back to its normal position, lifts the rack 341 out of engagement with
the wheel 342, and holds the pin firmly in the position shown in Figure 34 while the
lower end coines against the pin 369 at the extremity of the bent arin of the lever 345
ready for a new movement.
SPROCKET MECHANISM ACTUATOR.
In order to trip the sprocket mechanism at the proper time by rocking the arm 108,
a shaft 377, is provided, extending across the machine under the bed plate, and
carrying on its end opposite to the arm 108, a fixed arm 370, as shown in Figure 2.
This latter arm carries at its extremity, a pivoted arm 371, attached to it at 373.
The motion of the arm 373 is limited in one direction by the pin 374, and in the
other by the pin 375, engaging with a depression, in the edge of the arm 371. This
plate is so arranged with respect to the plate 370 that a heel projects out beyond it,
which heel is arranged to be tripped by a pin 372, on the face of the gear wheel 336.
When the gear wheel 336 rotates from right to left, the pin 372 hits the sharp edge
of the heel of the arm 371, trips the arin 370 upward, and thereby imparts a short
rocking movement to the arm 370, which in turn rocks the shaft 377 and the
arm 108, and the rod 110 attached to it, and causing the sprocket mechanism to
engage with the cog wheels 279 and 281, as the case may be, and the chain 302 to
move in one direction. The arm 371 after the pin 372 has passed it, immediately
drops back to its original position, by reason of the weight of the free end and the
arm 370 is restored to its original position by the tension of the spring 123 acting
on the arm 108. When the gear wheel 336 begins to move in the opposite direction
the pin 372 moves over the bevelled edge of the heel, and lifts the arm 371 until it
passes it, without rocking the arm 370 or affecting the arm 108, and thus the
device is in position to act again when the gear wheel begins to rotate from right to
left.
THE VIBRATOR ACTUATING MECHANISM.
In order to operate the vibrator and to throw the vibrating mechanism out of
engagement with shuttle when the line holder is completely filled a block 403 is
provided extending the line holder, attached to an arm 404, which is pivoted at 405
to an arm 406, pivoted at 407 to the frame 1. The arm 406 carries a pin 408 sliding
in a slot 409, on the end of a rod 410, which in turn is pivoted at 411 to a crank
arm 412 attached to the rock shaft 346. The vertical arm 17, is provided with a
horizontal groove 171, in its inner surface which is bevelled at its lower edge, as shown
in Figure 38. The arm 406 passes through this groove when in a raised position.
When the line holder C passes downward, after having been partially filled the

page_text: block 403 is released, and when the key H is depressed and the shaft 346 is rocked
forward, the arm 410 is depressed carrying with it the arm 406, which travels down-
ward on the bevelled edge 171 of the arm 17 throwing it outward against the
spring 32 and thus throwing the pin 23 out of the slot 25 in the plate 8 of the
vibrator.
When the line holder is raised upon the table M to its original position ready to
be refilled, its upper edge strikes upon the block 403, lifts the rod 406 and permits
the rod 23 of the vibrating mechanism by the force of the spring 32 to enter the
opening 25 in the plate 8 and cause the mechanism to vibrate as before.
In order to throw the line holder as it moves upon the table M forward at the
proper instant, so that it shall assume the proper position to engage with first
wedge 62 in the line and alsɔ so that it may engage with the block which actuates
the vibrating mechanism the bevelled plate 413 is provided attached to side plate 1
at the top as shown in Figure 41.
In order to restore the plate 8 which is a part of the vibrating mechanism to the
proper position at the forward end of the holder, when the latter is raised by the
table M, and the operation of filling is commenced, a spring catch, shown in
Figures 2 and 44 is provided, arranged to be operated by the line holder, as it moves
upward upon the lower shuttle way B¹. This consists of a pin 400, adapted to slide
in the plate 1 fitted at one edge with a yielding spring 401, and bevelled at the
other end as shown at 402.
As the shuttle or line holder moves upward, the bevelled edge 402 engages in the
aperture 25 of the plate 8 and drives it down to the front end of the shuttle, and as
the shuttle passes upward the give of the spring, permits the pin 400 to be pushed
back, and beyond the line holder and be restored by the spring 402.
METHOD OF OPERATION.
The method of operation of the entire machine is as follows: When the machine is
ready to operate, the line holder C stands in the proper position shown inFigure 1, ort
the table M at the upper end of the vertical side plate 1, above the shuttle way B, and
the vibrating mechanism is constantly operating, throwing the plate 8 in the line
holder backward and forward at a very quick rate, the vibrator having previously been
set by the screw rod 5 in such a manner as to limit the length of line to be set up
in the line holder. The keyboard of the typesetting mechanism, which may be of
any convenient form and placed in any convenient position with reference to the
present machine, is then operated and the type characters inserted, one by one,
through the type channels TS. As fast as each letter enters the space 2 of the line
holder C, it is pushed forward by the vibrator 8 and assumes a position behind the
next preceding letter in the line holder.
As soon as a single word is assembled, the operator depresses the key 92, whereupon
the space bar inserting mechanism D throws the foremost of the space bars from the
top of the table M forward into the line holder up to the point where the shoulder 49
begins. Thereupon the operation of setting up the next word is continued, and when
the next word has been assembled the key 92 is again struck and another space bar
inserted into the line holder behind the word. Meanwhile the vibrating mechanism
constantly forces the line holder, aided by the weight of the holder itself as it is being
filled downward on the table M until the point is finally reached when the line holder
moves from under the bell crank 418 and the bell 417 rings, thus indicating that the
desired line has been set up and the line holder is full. Thereupon, the key H is
depressed, and the rack 1ª, begins to slide downward and the latch 316 upon its lower
end comes in contact with the line holder and forces it down off of the table M and onto 5
the shuttle way B to a point where it is stopped by the line holder brake 128. At
this instant, the justifying or spreading mechanism G operates by the rotation of the
shaft 106 and the justifying bar 94 is pushed forward and drives all the space bars
equally into the line carrying them over the shoulders 49 until they expand the line
so as to entirely fill the line holder. When this operation is completed, the lower 5

page_text: rack 1, engages with the line holder C by means of the latch 316 on the upper end,
and pushes it down, in front of the space bar extracting mechanism K, which operates
at the right instant to push in the space bars one by one, so as to take up any loose-
ness left in the line, and to withdraw them, and after withdrawal to insert into the
line instead of them, an appropriate space from the appropriate compartment of the
space box I.
As fast as the space bars are withdrawn, the line holder is moved
forward by the action of weight 340 upon the sheave 338, which drives the rack 1
and the line holder downward, as rapidly as the space extracting mechanism will
permit. During the operation of driving in and removing each of the space bars,
the line holder is held stationary by the brake 253, and when the operation is completed
it will, by the action of the weight have been moved forward off of the shuttle way B,
and onto the table M, and the rack 1° will return to its original position. The space
bars as they are withdrawn, will have passed from the shuttle way over the vertical
edge 261 of the plate 259, onto the table M', and will have been assembled there, side
by side, in a row. While the operation of justification and subsequent insertion
of spaces is being proceeded with, upon the shuttle way B, with the first line
holder, the table M will hold the second line holder, with respect to which the
operation of assembling is being proceeded with. As soon as the first line holder
has taken up its proper position upon the table M', the bunter mechanism R will be
set in operation by the tripping mechanism actuated by the line holder, and there-
upon the bunter 234 will move forward and discharge the justified line of type upon
the galley U. At the instant that the discharge is effected, and the bunter 234
withdrawn, the lower table M¹ will fall, by reason of the release of the table holding
mechanism 235, and when the second line holder has by striking of the key H been
moved forward to the justifying and spacing mechanism, the sprocket mechanism 273
will operate to advance the plate 382, and push the first line holder, which is now
empty and the line of space bars behind it, off of the table M¹ on the shuttle way B¹
and the table M¹ will then immediately rise to receive the second line holder when
the justification of the line held in it shall have been completed. In operation both
tables are in a raised position at the same time, the table M¹ rising to receive the
line holder containing the justified line, just before the table M rises with the empty
line holder which is to be refilled. The lower table is arranged to drop a little ahead
of the upper table, so that an interval of time may take place during which the
slide 382 can operate. The instant that either line holder passes off the table M. down
to the justifying mechanism the table M will drop, ready to receive the returning line
holder and row of space bars as they are carried up on the shuttle way B. When
the returning line holder and the set of space bars used with it, have been moved
onto the table M, the sprocket chain mechanism will return the line holder advancing
mechanism 382, to the lower end of the machine, so as to bring it back in position
to take up the other line holder when this is dropped on the table M. It will be
observed that during the operation of pushing in the space bars simultaneously, and
pushing them separately further into and withdrawing them from and inserting
spaces into the line in the line holder which has been first filled, the other line
holder is being filled, and that when the first line holder is moved down to the table M¹
by the weight 340, and when the bunter R has ejected the type from it to the galley,
the second line holder will move forward and be subjected to precisely the same
operation. This operation continues automatically and successively, the only act not
automatic and dependent on the volition of the operator, being the insertion of the
space bars at the proper moment after a word is assembled by the mechanism D, and
the engagement of the mechanism which causes the line holder after falling to start
downward and begin its line of travel through the machine. If desired a single line
holder only may be used, or if two are used, the second may not be filled until after
the first has been filled and the line justified. The cams, 39 and 40, are so
arranged that the table M1 is kept raised, until the line holder has moved forward
and tripped the bunter mechanism, and the latter has operated, quite indepen-
dently of the assembling mechanism, and it remains lowered with the empty line
holder on it until the line holder which has been filled has moved downward to the

page_text: justifying mechanism. Hence, if the line holders are filled separately, the table M¹
with the previously emptied line holder, remains down until the operation of driving
in the space bars, into the line holder in which the line is being assembled, is
completed, whereupon it rises so as to receive the line holder when the subsequent
operation of replacing the space bars with permanent spaces is complete.
www ww
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.L.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and Lower Temple
Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: -
The present invention relates to a novel machine or apparatus for justifying and
spacing out lines of type to a uniform length or measure, and is to be regarded as an
improvement on that class of machine in which the justifying or spacing is effected
by introducing wedge shape space bars between the words in lieu of ordinary spaces
as the type characters are assembled or set into the line holder or shuttle, which is
gauged to the exact length which it is desired to have the finished line, and in forcing
all of the space bars or spreaders simultaneously through the line until it is spread or
spaced out so as to entirely fill the shuttle, then removing the space bars successively
and substituting ordinary spaces of equal or slightly less thickness than the space bar
which has been removed at the point at which it enters the line, and driving or
forcing the remaining space bars further into the line to again expand it so as to fill
the line holder or shuttle, whenever a substituted space of less thickness than the
removed space bar has been inserted. The present machine which is entirely
automatic in its action, rapidly and accurately performs the several operations above
mentioned and, after the line of type is properly justified, it removes the completed
line of type from the machine to a galley.
The invention will be best understood by the twenty-seven sheets of drawings, filed
with my Provisional and forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters
and numerals refer to similar parts throughout all of the several views.
Figure 1 is a complete plan view, shewing the entire machine.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the entire machine looking in the direction of the
arrows on the line x²x² of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a front elevation of the lower end of the machine with the frame work
and typesetting mechanism omitted.
Figure 4 is a rear elevation of the entire upper end of the machine omitting the
pulleys.
Figure 5 is a side elevation of a part of the upper end of the machine looking in
the direction of the arrows on the line -x of Figures 1 and 4.
Figure 6 is an enlarged plan view of the parts designated by the letters C and D
on the upper part of Figure 1, shewing the line holder or shuttle, the space bars or
wedges, and the space bar inserting mechanism.
Figure 7 is a cross section of the upper end of the machine, looking in the direction
of the arrows, on the line x-x of Figure 1.

page_text: Figure 8 is a cross section shewing the details of the mechanism for advancing the
type into the line holder or shuttle, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the
linex of Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 9 is a detail of the cam-mechanism for actuating the same, looking in the
direction of the arrows, on the line x-x of Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a plan view of the central portion of the machine, shewing the various
parts designated by the letters F, K, L and V in Figure 1.
Figure 11 is also a plan view of the central portion of the machine, shewing the
same mechanism other than the space box, and in addition thereto the justifying or
spreading mechanism, together with the addition of the shuttle with the parts in
somewhat different position from that shewn in Figure 10.
Figure 12 is a cross section of the space spreading or justifying device, looking in
the direction of the arrows on the line 12x12 of Figure 10.
Figure 13 is a plan partly broken away to shew the line holder or shuttle
brake.
Figure 14 is a detail of the cam-mechanism employed in actuating the spread-
ing or justifying bars, looking in the direction of the arrows on the line
Figure 10.
1 of
Figure 15 is a cross section of the fractional spacing and space bar withdrawing
mechanism, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line 15x15 of Figures 1
and 10.
Figure 16 is a similar cross section of the mechanisın shewn in Figure 15, shewing
the extreme position with the operating cam removed and the space bar withdrawing
mechanism in the act of operating.
Figure 17 is a similar cross section of the mechanism shewn in Figure 15 shewing
the wedge drawn back in position to drop on the lower table, with the cams in their
proper position.
Figure 18 is a cross section, looking in the direction of the arrows,
on the
line of Figures 1 and 11, but shewing in addition thereto certain parts of
the spacing mechanism.
Figure 19 is a plan view of the extreme front of the machine, shewing the
mechanism for removing the justified line of type from the line holder or shuttle
to the galley and also the device for releasing the gate and permitting it to fall.
Figures 20, 21 and 22, are enlarged details of the mechanism actuating the
mechanism which removes the justified line from the line holder shuttle to the
galley.
Figure 23 is a similar view of the mechanism shewn in Figure 19, shewing more
particularly the gate release, with the mechanism for actuating the line-removing
device omitted.
.
Figure 24 is a cross section through the bed plate, shewing the lower table in a
raised position and the mechanism for supporting the same.
Figure 25 is a sectional detail of a part of the table release shewn in
Figure 24.
Figure 26 is an enlarged view of the lower table with upper part shewn in
section.
Figure 27 is a section of the sprocket and cam-mechanism for driving the shuttles
and lifting the tables, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line 27-x27 of
Figure 5.
Figure 28 is a cross section of the same mechanism looking from left to right in
Figure 4.
29
Figure 29 is a section, looking in the direction of the arrows, on the line
of Figures 1 and 3, shewing the fast and loose connection upon the shaft which
actuates the justifying mechanism.
Figure 30 is a complete side view of the justifying mechanism, looking in the
direction of the arrows, on the line 230-230 of Figures 1 and 3, shewing the fast and
loose connections upon the shaft.

page_text: of the space bar, and thereupon forcing the space from the space holder down in the
gap entirely into the line.
Seventh. Appropriate mechanism for advancing the shuttles along suitable ways,
and for holding the same stationary while the aforesaid operations are being carried
out.
Eighth. Mechanism for removing a completed line of type from the shuttle to the
galley and then withdrawing the shuttle from the upper way to the lower way and
returning it to the position for receiving another line.
In Figure 1 the following parts, which are common to all typesetting machines of
this particular type, may be briefly described and designated as follows:-
A is the bed plate of the machine, B and B (the latter of which is not shewn in
this figure) are respectively the upper and lower shuttleways, upon the upper of
which the justification takes place, and upon the lower of which the line holder or
shuttle is returned to a position ready for refilling. C and C¹ represent the shuttles
or lineholders. D represents the space bar or wedge inserting mechanism. E repre-
sents the space bars or wedges. represents the justifying mechanism.
G repre-
sents the mechanism for operating the line holder brake. L represents the space
box and the mechanism for operating the same and the space selecting mechanism
for inserting the spaces into the line of type in the shuttle as the space bars are
removed. K represents the fractional spacing mechanism and the various parts of
the same. M and M' represent the gate mechanisin which receives the shuttle con-
taining the justified line of type at the end of its line of travel and after the line of
type is discharged from the shuttle into the galley, moves downward with it to a
position where it is in a line with the lower table B1 upon which it is then removed
by appropriate mechanism and carried back to a position where it can be elevated
into the position which it assumes for the purpose of being refilled. R represents
the bunter or line removing mechanism whereby the justified line of type is
removed from the shuttle to the galley at the appropriate moment.
U is the galley.
S is the main driving shaft of the machine and the gearing mechanism whereby
the power is taken therefrom and appropriately transmitted to the different parts of
the machine. Tare the driving pulleys. W is the driving shaft actuating the wedge
inserting mechanism. P is a continuously driven pulley for actuating the same and
which actuates also the space inserting mechanism and the mechanism for advancing
the type in the line holder or shuttle.
In addition to the foregoing there are found in other drawings certain other parts
which are also common to all inachines of this character, for example, T S, the space
channels and the space supplying mechanism, and N, the roller for levelling the type
as it is set up in the line holder or shuttle C.
For convenience in description the various portions of the mechanism will be
described separately, the method of operation being described in connection with
each, so far as possible, and the entire operation of the machine afterwards. The
order of description followed will be that of the successive steps to which the type-
character is subjected in the course of its travel through the machine from the setter
to the galley.
THE LINE-HOLDING MECHANISM.
The line holder or shuttle consists of a rectangular box C, Figure 1, preferably of
metal, provided with a hollow interior of such dimensions as to receive the type of the
particular type body which is in use. The line holders or shuttles C, of which two
are used in each machine, are fitted to slide along a suitable vertical side plate 1 near
the central part of the main plate A, which extends the entire length of the machine
from front to the back. The shape of the shuttle or line holder is shewn in
Figures 6, 8, 16, 31, 32 and 38. The line holders C, C, are in reality composing
sticks, each holding a single line of type, having a longitudinal opening or slot 2,
Figures 31 and 38, extending the entire length of the recessed portion and provided
with an adjustable sliding block 9, Figures 31, 32 and 38, which limits the length of
the recessed opening, having connected therewith a depending tongue 3, sliding in

page_text: ways 11 and 12, lateral movement of which is limited by a follower 4 inserted in front
of the screw 5 as shewn in Figure 31. Upon the opposite side of the line holder to
the plate 1 are provided the jaws 6 and 7 Figures 7, 8, 31, 32 and 38, upon which the
space bars, hereafter described, rest when they are inserted in the line holder.
8 represents a block which is attached to the block by the screw 10, and slides
horizontally backward and forward with it, as clearly shewn in Figure 38. This
block projects outward and fills up the slot 2 on the face of the line holder in which
the type are assembled. Mechanism, hereafter described, causes the blocks 9 and 10
to vibrate backward and forward in the line holder with great rapidity, the effect of
which is to cause the type and wedges, as they are assembled, one by one, in the end
of the line holder, shewn at the left of Figure 38, to be constantly pushed forward or
advanced, the motion of the block from left to right being limited by the follower 4
held in place by the screw 5. The block 8 is prevented from sliding out by the
block 8. It will be obvious from Figures 31, 32 and 38, that the limitations of the
distance travelled by the block 8 to the right will vary, from time to time, according
to the length of the line which is to be set up in the line holder. The block 8 contains
in its outer face a longitudinal opening 25, adapted to receive the end of rod 23 in the
arm 17 passing through the opening 24, in the plate 1, opposite the line holder as
shewn in Figures 6, 8 and 41, in the manner hereafter described. A longitudinal
opening, 14, is provided in the vertical side plate 1, of substantially the same width
throughout the plate, and shewn in Figures 2, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 40 and 43, and is
directly in line with the opening 2 in the line holder, as seen in Figures 16 and 17,
and extends from the point where the space bars, which will be hereafter described,
are inserted in the line to the point where they are removed. The opening 2 allows
the space bars to be moved freely longitudinally through the line holder C between
the type characters, as they are inserted, and the opening 14 in the
side plate 1 allows the line holder, with the line of type and the
space bars inserted therein, to move freely along suitable ways, 34 and 35,
upon edge of the table M, the shuttleways B and B and the table M', as shewn in
Figures 4 and 12. It will be evident that the type must be set or assembled in the
line holder either singly or by successive words or portions of words. For the purpose
of forcing the type, after insertion, downward to the bottom of the opening 2 in the
line holder, a roller 13, Figure 12, is employed, mounted upon a bracket 15, attached
to the plate 1, by the screw 16 as shewn in Figure 2, under which the line holder C
passes when it moves downward. For the purpose of imparting motion to the type
pusher 8 in the line holder C, during the assembling of the type, a vibrating
imechanism attached to the exterior frame 1 of the machine, is provided, which is
shewn in detail in Figures 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 34, 35 and 38. This mechanism consists of a
vibrating arm 17 provided at its upper end with an adjustable spring 18. The upper
end of this arm terminates in two jaws 20 and 21, one of which jaws, the jaw 20, is
attached to the extremity of the spring 18, while the jaw 21 is formed on the
extremity of the arm 17. These jaws encircle a pin 22, which pin is attached to the
surface of a disc 19 at the end of the shaft W, so as to produce by the rotation of
the shaft, an eccentric movement, the effect of which is to cause the arm 17 to
vibrate radially backward and forward, according to the motion of the pin 22
between the jaws 20 and 21. In case, for any reason, the motion becomes too
great, a certain amount of play or escape is afforded by reason of the fact
that the jaw 20, forming one of the two contact points, is attached to the
yielding spring 18, which can yield when the pressure or movement becomes
too great. The projection 23 on the inner surface of the arm 17, projects through
the opening 24, in the vertical side plate 1, and engages with the rectangular
opening 25 in the pusher 8, upon the line holder C. The effect of the lateral
movement of the arm 17, is to impart a quick vibrating motion to the pusher 8, and
to constantly push the type forward, as it is assembled in the line holder. To remove
the connection between the pin 22 and the pusher 8 of the line holder, the following
mechanism is employed:-The lower end of the arm 17 terminates in two jaws, 26
and 26, Figures 2 and 34 which are attached by the pivot 27 to the block 28. The

page_text: For the purpose of advancing the line holder, after the saine is filled and the space
bars have been inserted, to the space inserting mechanism, thence to the galley where
the justified line is discharged, and thence back to its original position, ready to
receive a new line of type, a series of mechanisms is provided which are shown in
detail in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 12, 27, 28, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44. For
the purpose of carrying the line holder or shuttle C, and permitting it to travel, an
inclined track or shuttle-way B is provided, as shown in Figure 1, the upper ends of
which, M and M are movable and detached, so as to form two tables, vertically
movable. M is the upper or rear table, and M¹ is the lower or front table, as shown
in Figure 1. The tables ML and M' and the plate B are so grooved and formed upon
the face opposite to the vertical plate 1, that the projections 7 and 33 on the line
holder (Figures 31 and 32) engage with the corresponding ways 34 and 35 upon the
face of the tables M and M¹ and the plate B as shown in Figures 4, 8, 12 and 16,
thus holding the line holder, during its entire line of travel firmly against the vertical
side plate 1. Beneath the plate or way B, is a similar inclined plate or way B', as
shown in the various cross sections and as in the earlier machines of this same type,
the tables M. and M¹ are arranged to be alternately dropped and raised, carrying with
them the line holder which, by appropriate mechanisin, passes off of the plate Bon
to the table M¹, falls upon and with the latter, and after the fall of the table passes
off, and is carried upward upon the plate B1, over which it travels to the table M, and
upon its arrival upon the table M, the latter is raised and the line holder brought into
alignment with the plate B, in which position it is again filled and thence passes off
the table M and on to the plate B, the table M falling to its lower position to receive
another line holder while the line holder discharged on to the plate B travels down-
ward as before and subjects the type now contained in it to the action of the justify-
ing and fractional-spacing mechanism, as before. The mechanism of the tables M
and M will be best seen by reference to Figures 24, 26, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44.
The tables themselves are preferably rectangular, as shown in the plan view, but the
lower table M¹ is preferably cut out at one side as shown at 36 in Figure 44, to
provide access to the lower part of the front end of the machine. The tables
themselves move vertically upward and downward on suitable standards 37 sliding in
corresponding ways 38 cut in the face of the vertical bed plate 1, as shown. For the
purpose of raising and lowering the tables two cams 39 and 40 are provided, which
rotate, respectively, upon sleeves on the fixed shafts 41 and 42. The cam 39 raises
and lowers the lower table and the cam 40 raises and lowers the upper
table M.
The lower table M¹, carries upon its lower surface a roller 514 which rests upon the
extremity of the cam 39 when table is raised as shown in Figs. 25, 26 and 41. By
the rotation of the cam 39 on shaft 42, either in one direction or another, the table M¹
is either raised or lowered. When the table is lowered the cam 39 assumes the

page_text: position shown in Figure 40, which it retains until it is again rotated by means of the
inechanism hereinafter described.
The upper table M is moved by a similar cam 40 engaging with a roller 517 on end
of a bent arm 427 pivoted at 426 to the shuttle way B. The arm 427 carries a
second roller 518, which impings against a plate 519 on the lower face of the table M.
When the table is raised the cam assumes the position shown in Figure 40 and when
the cam rotates on its shaft 41, the table drops and assumes the position shown in
Figure 41. The downward movement of the lower table is limited by the stop 520
and that of the upper table by the stop 521.
The mechanisin operating these cams is so timed that when the lower table M¹ is
raised, the upper table M will be lowered, but will be just ready to be raised by the
rotation of the cam 40, and when the table M¹ is dropped, the table M will be raised,
but will be on the point of being permitted to fall by the movement of the cam 40,
the time occupied by the rotation of the cam 40, between the point when it permits
the table M to fall, and when it begins to raise it again being sufficient to enable the
empty line holder and the row of space bars to be moved by the mechanism hereafter
described, from the table M across the lower shuttle way B₁ to the table M, and the
cam 39 will in turn occupy sufficient time in its rotation, after the table M has fallen,
to permit the mechanism aforesaid to advance and move the line holder off of the
table M before the latter begins to rise.
THE SPACE BAR INSERTING MECHANISM.
Instead of ordinary spaces, I use tapering or wedge-shaped space bars E which
as in other machines of this character are inserted temporarily crosswise into and
through the line between the words as composition proceeds, or when the type is
transferred to the line holder; and which are replaced mechanically by ordinary
spaces as will be fully described later. The space bars E are clearly shewn in
Figures 1, 6, 17 and 33. The particular form of space bar which is employed in
the present case is most clearly shewn in the elevation in Figure 33 and in the plan
view in Figures 6 and 44. The space bars are all of the same size and from the
points 43 to 44 the sides are parallel and from the points 44 to 45 they taper on one
side as shewn in Figures 6 and 44. The lower surface of the space bars is flat, so
as to permit them to slide freely upon the tables M and M, and the shuttle-
ways B and B¹, and into the opening 2 in the line holder 6, and they are provided,
on their lower surface with a circular opening 46 and with a rectangular opening 47
The end of the space bar which
each for a purpose to be hereinafter described.
enters the line holder has a transverse longitudinal slot 48, extending nearly its
entire length, for the purpose of assisting in holding them in place, by giving a
certain amount of spring to the upper portion. The upper portion is provided,
on its upper edge, with a curved shoulder 49, which engages with the projections 6
on the edge of the line holder and serves to hold it when inserted vertically, at
the proper point, in the line. It is also provided with a groove or nick 50, in
which the hook, forming a part of the space bar withdrawing mechanism, hereafter
to be described, ultimately engages. The space bars E, upon the upper table M,
at the upper end of the machine, are held upon it by means of a circular rod 51,
formed upon the upper face of the table M, and passing through the openings 46
in the space bars. The entire row of space bars is kept constantly advanced
against a shoulder 52, fixed upon the upper bed plate of the machine as shewn in
Figures 4 and 6, by means of a sliding head 53, which is constantly pushed forward
by means of a coil spring 54, Figures 40 and 41, or in any other convenient
manner. The extremity of the shoulder 52 is provided with a finger 55, as shewn
in Figures 4 and 6, and the forward end of the foremost space bar in the line is
held in a horizontal position with reference to the line of type, by means of a stud 56,
upon the extreme rear edge of the shuttle way B. This stud is of such size that
when the foremost space bar is inserted into the line the opening 47, upon the lower
surface of the space bar, will come opposite to it and, as the line holder moves

page_text: downward in its path, the opening 47 will come opposite to the stud 6 and the
space bar in the line holder will be permitted to pass over the stud and in
that way pass down the shuttle way B. It will be observed from Figure 40 that
the foremost of the line of space-bars, is kept just over the edge of the
table M, and upon the extreme upper part of the shuttleway B. The space-bar
inserting mechanism consists of a rod 57, sliding horizontally in bearings 58 and 59,
and carrying a curved arm 60 attached to it, as shewn in Figures 4 to 6. The arm 60
terminates in a vertical lug 61, directly behind the foremost space bar 62 in the line,
as shewn in Figures 4 and 6. When the sliding rod 57 moves from right to left in
Figure 4 and from left to right in Figure 6, it will engage with and cause the foremost
space-bar 62 in the line to move forward and enter the line holder, and to be held in
such position by the spring effect caused by the shoulder 49 engaging with the jaws 6
and 7 of the line holder. For the purpose of imparting suitable movement to the
sliding rod 59, a stud 63 is provided, engaging with an eccentric groove 64 cut upon
the face of a block 65 in which block the shaft W rotates loosely at the normal rate
of speed. The block 65 terminates at its outer end in a sleeve, as shewn in Figure 8,
which is encircled by a disc 66 and a gear wheel 67, provided with teeth 68 on its
periphery. The gear wheel and disc are fastened to the block by the screws 69. The
large gear wheel 67 upon the block 65 gears into an intermediate pinion 70, which
rotates upon the shaft 71. This shaft also carries a second and larger wheel 72 rigidly
fixed to it, which, in turn, engages with a gear wheel 73 provided with the teeth 74
as shewn in Figure 8, attached to or mounted upon the block 75, which like the
block 65 rotates loosely upon the shaft W. It will be obvious, that if the block 75 be
thrown into engagement with the shaft W, a corresponding motion, but
at a reduced rate of speed, will be imparted to the cam block 65. In
order to effect the connection between the block 75 and the shaft the mechanism
shewn in Figure 9 is provided, which is also shewn in Figures 2, 6, and 8. In these
Figures, W represents the shaft; 76 trip-lever, pivoted loosely at the point 77 to
the block 75, and provided with a spring 78 bearing against the stud 79, also upon
the block 75. The lever is bent, as shewn in Figure 9, and is held out of engagement
with the fixed collar 84, by means of a pin 80, upon the arm 81 shewn in Figures 2
and 4 more in detail. The movement of the other extremity of the lever is limited,
in one direction, by a stud 82 upon the surface of the block 75, as shewn in Figure 9.
The movement of the lever arm 76 is limited, in the other direction, by the stud 83,
formed upon the surface of the collar 84, which is attached to and rotates with the
shaft W by means of the screw 85. The arm 81 is attached to a vertical arm 86
which is pivoted at the point 87 to an arm 88, which, in turn, is rigidly attached to
a rock shaft 89. The arm 88 is attached by a spring 90 to the bed plate A as shewn
in Figure 2, the effect of which is to keep the arm 88 normally depressed and the
arın 81 in the position shewn in Figure 2. The rock shaft is actuated by means of a
lever arm 91 carrying a space-bar 92 and the opposite end of the space-bar 92 is
attached at the other end of the machine to the other end of the rock shaft, as shewn
in Figure 44. The arm 86 is held normally in a forward position by the spring 861, which
is attached to the upright As attached to the bed plate A3 and after a space bar has
been inserted, it restores the mechanism to its original position. As a result of
pressure exerted upon the space bar 92, the rod 81 is lifted out of the position shewn in
Figure 2 and the stud 80 disengaged from the lever 76, which thereupon assumes the
position shewn by the dotted lines in Figure 9, by reason of the force of the spring 78
acting upon the pin 79. The shaft thereupon makes a single revolution and the
revolution is transmitted through the gear wheels, above described, to the cam
block 65, thus causing the rod 57 to move horizontally and the space-bar to be
inserted. At the end of the revolution the extremity of the lever 76 strikes the pin 80
and assumes its normal position and the motion of the shaft ceases to be imparted to
the cam block 75. As the block 75 runs loosely upon the shaft W in order to cause
it to resume its normal position in which it can act again after a single revolution, a
balance spring 93 is provided, as shewn in Figure 2, which engages with a suitable
groove or nick upon its periphery and exerts sufficient pressure upon it to hold it

page_text: after the operation, to its normal position ready for a new operation, the disc 66 is
slightly flattened at the top as shewn in Figure 2 and the pin 80 upon the shaft 81
is extended over the same as shewn in Figures 6 and 8, the disc 66 being sufficiently
large to engage with the extended rod 80, as shewn in Figure 2, and stop the disc
and consequently the block 65 at the proper position where it remains held, until the
pin 80, is again raised.
THE JUSTIFYING BAR MECHANISM.
The insertion of the temporary space-bars further into the line of type in the line
holder in order that the wedge portion may operate to cause the words to be spaced or
spread apart to entirely fill the line holder, is effected by the so-called line justifying
or spreading mechanism, which is designated generally by G in Figure 1. This is
best shewn in Figures 1, 10, 11 and 12. Taking up Figures 11 and 12 it will be seen
that the justifying bar itself is a horizontal bar 94 which is supported upon an arm 95,
behind the row of wedges in the line holder as it moves down upon the shuttle way B,
and is arranged to move forward and drive in the entire series of wedges as assembled
in the line holder by being advanced from left to right as shewn in Figure 11. The
arm 95 is attached to a rectangular sliding bar 96 which slides upon the main bed
plate A of the machine, as shewn in Figures 10, 11 and 12. One end of this rod
enters into a suitable opening 97 in the bed plate B, as shewn in Figures 12,40,
and 41, and the other end of it passes through an opening in the block 98, which is
attached to the bed plate of the machine by screws 99, as shewn in Figures 11 and 12.
The sliding bar 96 carries a block 100, which, in turn, carries a loosely rotating
roller 101. The block 100 impinges against a head 102, attached to a spiral spring 103,
which is carried on a rod 104 passing through a vertical standard 105 on the main
framework of the machine. The tendency of this spring is to cause the block 100,
attached to the sliding bar 96 to be constantly moved forward, but it is held com-
pressed and in the position shewn in Figure 12, by means of the cam mechanism
now about to be described. 106 is a driving shaft actuated in the manner hereafter
described, rotating in three vertical bearings 107. The shaft 106, Figure 14, has
attached to it a cog-wheel 111, provided on its periphery with the teeth 112, which
cog-wheel is surrounded by an annular sleeve or ring 113, running loosely upon the
shaft 106, but which can be made to engage with the cog-wheel 111, and rotate with
the shaft 106 by devices hereinafter described. The ring 113 has attached to its
periphery two cams, one of which 114, engages with the roller 101, mounted upon the
block 100 on the bar 96, as shewn in Figure 12, in such manner that when the
shaft 106 actuates the cam 114, and the cam 114 is moved out of engagement with
the roller 101, the bar 96 is moved forward by the expansion of the spring 103 and
the entire row of space-bars E are driven forward by the justifying bar 94 and into the
line of type held within the line holder C, until the line is expanded so as to completely
fill out the line holder, the tension of the spring being only just sufficient to press the
bar 94 forward, a sufficient distance to drive the line of space-bars sufficiently into
the line to take up all looseness in the line and fill out the line holder. The cam 114.
is attached to the surface of the ring 113 by means of screws 115 or in any other con-
venient manner. A second cam 116 is also provided upon the periphery of the ring 113,
for the purpose hereinafter described, by means of screws 117, shewn in Figure 14.
In order to intermittently connect the gear wheel 111 with the loose ring 113 for the
purpose of actuating the cam 114, a pivoted dog 118 is provided in the periphery of
the ring, pivoted at the point 119, and provided with a tooth 120 engaging with the
teeth 112 upon the wheel 111. The lower end of the pivoted dog is pressed constantly
in engagement against the cog-wheels by means of a spring 121, shewn in Figure 14,
and is lifted out of engagement with and kept free from the cogs 112 by means of
the arm 122, rigidly attached to the dog 118, in the manner shewn in Figure 14,

page_text: THE LINE HOLDER ARRESTING MECHANISM.
The object of this is to hold the line holder while the justifying bar is operating.
This consists of a horizontal bar or lever 128 which is pivoted at 130 in a slot 129
cut longitudinally in the front face of the shuttle or line holder way B, as shewn
in Figures 7 and 13. A spring 132 is set into an opening 133 in the plate B, as
shewn in Figure 13; serves to continually throw the forward end of the lever 128
outward, or from left to right in Figure 13. The forward end of the lever 128,
is provided with a hook 131, which engages with the line holder and holds it by reason
of the projection of the hook 131, which engages with the front corner of the
part 33 of the line holder. The lever 128 is operated by means of a sliding rod 126
butting against its rear end, passing through a horizontal opening 127 in the plate B,
and the other end of which impinges against a pivoted latch 124, Figures 7 and 13,
pivoted on the rod 125 to the bed plate. The end of this latch, when the lever is at
rest, touches upon the surface of the roller 113 but when the shaft 106 has been
rotated in the inanner above described, for the purposes of driving in the space-bars,
the latch 124 is engaged by the cam 116 upon the surface of the roller 113, and the
rod 126 is driven inward, thereby throwing out the inner end of the lever 128,
compressing the spring 132, and releasing the hook 131 from the corner of the
line holder C, thus permitting the line holder to resume its movement upon the
shuttle way B, by the operation of the lower driving rack which at this instant has
It will be obvious that this
begun to operate as will hereafter be described.
movement will continue until the cam 116 has passed the latch 124, and when
this has been accomplished, the force of the spring 132, throws the lever 128 back
to its original position, as shewn in Figure 13, and the mechanism will be in
By means of mechanism
position to stop the second line holder as it descends.
which throws the roller 113 into engagement with the shaft 106 at the proper
instant, it is possible to cause a line holder to be held and to be released and move on,
with each revolution of the shaft 106.
In order to announce to the operator that the line holder has been filled, any con-
venient form of bell mechanism may be employed. In the present case a bell 414, is
shewn attached to the support 415 upon the block 429 sliding in the ways 430 upon
an extension of the vertical bed plate at the upper end of the machine. It is struck
by the hammer 416. It is provided with an arm 419, kept in a constant position by
the spring 417, attached to the block 418 at one end and to the rod 419 by the
The rod 419 is
arm 419¹ at the other end and limited in its play by the stud 428.
supported on the top of the line holder and when the line holder moves down beyond
the end of the rod, the rod drops by reason of the action of the spring and the bell is
struck. When the line holder rises on the upper table, it lifts the rod 419 with it
and extends the spring 417. The block on which the bell is attached may be set at
any particular point with reference to the length of the line by adjusting it in the
sliding ways 430 as shewn on Figure 5.

page_text: THE SPACE SELECTING MECHANISM.
By this title is understood that particular mechanism which arrests the line holder
after the space-bars have been driven in, and the line expanded and then drives in
the space-bars successively so as to take up any looseness in the line, and withdraws
them one by one, and inserts in the place of the bar so withdrawn an ordinary space
of appropriate thickness to replace the temporary space-bar and ultimately to properly.
space out the line. The present machine differs from other machines of the same
general character, in that this operation takes place by driving in each space bar
successively, so as to completely fill up the line and then removing and replacing it
by permanent spaces, and not by driving in all the space-bars simultaneously and then
removing and replacing the first and simultaneously driving in the remaining ones,
and then removing and replacing what is then the foremost space-bar and so on. The,
mechanism which accomplishes this result in the present machine may be conveniently
divided into three parts. First, the line arresting mechanism, or line holder brake;
Second, the fractional spacing mechanism; and, Third, the space selecting mechanism.
These will now be described separately.
(a) LINE HOLDER BRAKE.
In order to hold the line holder stationary during the operation of the driving in
and removing of the space-bar and inserting a space, a line holder brake consisting
of a sliding rod 253 is provided. The outer end of the rod 253 slides in a
bearing in the strap 98, and the motion of the rod is limited by a collar 252
attached to it at the outer end. The rod terminates in a cross head 250 fastened
by a pin 255 to the rod, and a spring 136 is provided for normally holding the
cross head 250 and the rod in an advanced position and constantly thrown
forward. One end of the cross head bears against a sliding rod 247, provided
with a limiting stop 164, which is arranged to slide in bearings 249 upon the bed
plate A. The other end of the rod 247 carries a cam shoe 248, which, by reason of
the tension of the spring 136, is constantly held against the cam projection 251 upon
the ring 142, as shewn in Figures 10, 11 and 18. When the ring 142 is thrown
into connection with the constantly rotating shaft 106, the cam 251 will be with-
drawn from the shoe 248, the rod 247 will be driven forward by the cross head 250
and its retractile spring 136, as far as its stop 164 will perinit. The cross head 250
will then drive the sliding rod 253 forward until it bears upon the line holder C at
its lowest projecting part marked 33 in Figures 4 and 32. By this means the line
holder will be held firmly until the space selecting mechanism has completed its
operation and will not be released until the ring 142 carrying the cam 251 has nearly
completed its revolution and it is necessary for the line holder to move forward again,
136 will be drawn back and the brake rod 253 will be withdrawn from the line
holder C and the latter will be permitted to move forward until the foremost
space-bar or wedge strikes the rod 193 which actuates the mechanism throwing the
ring 142 in and out of engagement with the shaft 106. In the meantime the
cam 251 will be held against the cam shoe 248, and the brake held in the released
position shewn in Figure 11, until such time as the mechanism is thrown into
operation again; this operation being repeated each time that the line holder
advances so that the space bar impinges against the rod 193.
(b) THE FRACTIONAL SPACING MECHANISM,
It will be obvious from the foregoing that after the justifying bar has driven all
the space bars into the line holder, so as to fill out and expand the line, that the
instant when the line holder comes under the space selecting mechanism, all the
space bars will be inserted a like distance into the line. If then the first space bar
be removed and the appropriate space inserted, and if the operation be continued
successively, and if in each case a proper space is selected to precisely fill in the
amount of space occupied in the line by the space-bar, perfect justification will be

page_text: effected. As a matter of practice, however, no space inserted in place of any space
bar does actually occupy precisely the same amount of space as was occupied by the
space-bar. Therefore, as the space-bars are removed and replaced by spaces, one by
one, a slight looseness in the line will be observed, which looseness must constantly
increase as the operation of removing and replacing the space bars continues. To take
up this looseness and compensate for it and put in a theoretically correct space, as
the operation of justification continues, the fractional spacing device is employed,
which consists, as is shewn in Figures 10, 15, and 16, of a sliding bar 134, Figures 15
and 16, which slides horizontally across and over the shuttle way B and is attached to
a sliding bar 135, which slides horizontally on the bed plate A, as shown in Figures 15
and 16 in the block 98. The sliding bar 135 carries a vertical arm 137 carrying a
roller 138. This roller engages with a double, irregular cam 139, arranged to be operated
from the shaft 106 by substantially the same agencies as are employed for the purpose
of operating the cam 114, which operates the justifying bar. The arm 137 and the
bar 135, are constantly kept thrown forward by means of a spring 140 on the rod 141
attached to the frame 105 in the same manner as before. In Figures 10, 11 and 18,
142 is an annular ring, similar to the ring 113. 143 is a dog similar to the dog 118.
144 is a bar similar to the bar 122 pivoted at the point 145 in the same manner as
the bar 122. Between the cam 139 and the annular ring 142, is a second cam 146
which operates the space-ejecting mechanism in the manner hereinafter described.
When the cam 139 is thrown into engagement with the shaft 106 and the bar 135
moves forward, through the engagement with the roller 138, the bar 134 carried on
it moves forward also, and comes in contact with the end of the space-bar E, as shown
in Figure 16, and drives it forward so as to take up any looseness in the line.
Attached to the arm 134 is a bracket 147 carrying a hook 148, pivoted to the
bracket 147 at the point 149, Figure 16. This hook when the arm 134 is
not in operation, assumes the position shown in Figure 15 by reason of a
spring 150 inserted into the top of the hook and bearing against a pin
151 upon the upright 147. The end of the hook is curved as shown
in Figures 15 and 16 and the point is sharpened as there shown, in such
manner as to enable it to engage with the indentation 50 upon the rear end of the
space-bar E, so that when the bar 134 moves forward and impinges against the end
of the space-bar and drives it into the line holder the curved end of the hook 148 is
tripped over the bevelled end of the space bar, and engages with the nick as shown
in Figure 16. At the instant that the forward motion of the bar 134 ceases, and
the retrograde motion commences, and the space selecting mechanism begins to
operate, the hook 148 is firmly attached to the space-bar and as the bar 134 moves
backward and the hook being mounted upon it, carries with it the space-bar and
withdraws it from the line holder. For the purpose of driving down the space-bar,
so withdrawn by the hook 148, the instant that the same is placed upon the shuttle
way B, a device in the nature of a latch, is employed, which is shown in Figures 10
and 15. This latch consists of a bent arm 152, pivoted at 153 to a plate 154, con-
veniently mounted by a screw 155, to the plate A. The plate 154 may be conveniently
arranged to meet the construction of the machine but in the drawings it is shewn
attached to the base of the bearing 107. The arin of the latch 152 is kept constantly
thrown forward by means of a spring 156. It is bevelled on its inner face at the
point 157, as shown in Figure 10, so that when the rod 134 moves forward, the
extremity of that rod will impinge against the latch at the point 157 and cause
the same to open it, and the instant that the bar 134 moves backward, the spring 156
will advance the latch and the latch will gently move the space bar previously
released from the line on the shuttle way B and advance the same downward upon
the same a short distance and so as to leave a free space upon the shuttle way for the
bar 134 to advance and remove the next spices. The movement of the latch is
limited in a forward direction by the front end of the bar 134. The effect of the
latch is to keep the line of space bars as they are removed, one by one, constantly
forced down upon the lower table M' and to assume the position shown in Figure 17
with the opening 46 in the space bar in position to pass over the upper end of the

page_text: rod 51 on the table M¹ corresponding to the rod 51 on the table M. In this way the
space-bars are all gradually removed to make way for succeeding operations and are
ultimately assembled as shown in Figure 44 at the upper part of the table M.
(c) SPACE BAR HOLDING MECHANISM.
In order to hold the space-bars as they are withdrawn one by one and forced for-
ward by the latch 152, in alignment on the table M¹, and assemble them in proper
order, the mechanism shown in Figures 17, 18, 26 and 44 is provided. This consists
of a horizontal rod 255, arranged to slide in the upper end of the lower table M¹.
The horizontal motion of this rod is limited by a vertical pin 256 inserted in a recess
of the rod 255 which also prevents it from turning. A spiral spring 257 impinging
against a corresponding pin 258 at the other end, is recessed in the rear end of the
rod 255 as shown in Figure 18. The effect of this construction is to keep the rod 255
constantly thrown forward from right to left, as shewn in Figure 18 pressing against
the vertical pin 256. The sliding motion of this rod from left to right in Figure 18,
controls the dropping of a horizontal stop plate 259, as shewn in Figures 17, 18, 26
and 44. This stop plate, as is shewn in Figure 26, is pivoted at one end at the point
260, in the recess in the table M', and it is provided at its upper end with a flange 261,
against which the space bar rests when it is withdrawn from the line holder C, and
forced down by the latch 152; and a spring 262 is provided at the free end of the
plate 259, which is held normally in the position shewn in Figures 26 and 44. The
lower end of the spring 262 is attached to a pin 263 upon the bed plate A.
The tendency of this spring is to draw the free end of the plate 259 constantly down-
ward. The upper surface of the rod 255 is provided with a bevelled slot 264, which
is of a width large enough to receive the plate 259, so that when the rod 255 moves
forward from left to right in Figure 15, and the slotted portion 264 comes under the
plate 259, the tension of the spring 262 will draw down the free end of the plate 259,
and the foremost space-bar E will pass over the shoulder 261, and on to the plate 259,
and when the rod 255 moves back from right to left, the bevelled end 265 of the
slot 264 will raise the plate to its original position shewn in Figures 18, 26 and 44,
with the shoulder 261 ready to hold another space bar. In order to properly move
the rod 255 the proper distance and at the right instant, a pivoted lever arm 266 is
provided, pivoted on the shaft 267, shewn in Figure 18, and to trip the same, a cam
lug 268 is provided on the periphery of the ring 142, which is of such size and is so
timed as to its revolution that it engages at the proper instant with the lever 266 as
shewn in Figure 17, and throws it forward so that the extension piece 269 engages
with the end of the rod 255 and throws the same forward a distance equal to the
distance which the same can travel upon the pin 256. A spring 270, holds the
lever 266 normally away from and out of contact with the rod 255, and after the
shoulder 271 of the lever 266 is tripped by the cam 268 restores it to its original
position.
(d) THE SPACE SELECTING MECHANISM.
The space selecting mechanism is best shewn in Figures 3, 10, 15, 16, 17, and 18.
In the drawings L. represents a suitable sliding space holder containing compart-
ments 159 of suitable sizes to which the spaces are constantly supplied, through
appropriate channels 160. Appropriate space ejectors 161 operate to eject a space
from the particular compartment 159 from which the selected space is to be ejected.
The ejecting is effected by an ejecting bar or rod 162, Figures 10, 16, 17 and 18,
which bar is pivoted at the point 163 to a standard 164, upon the bed plate A, as
shewn in Figures 10, 17 and 18, and is normally held down by means of a spring 165
attached to the rod 162 at its loose end at the point 166, and at the other end to
the vertical frame of the machine 1, at the pin 428 as shewn in Figures 17 and 18.
The upward movement of the rod 162 is guided by a strap or rod 168 attached to
the frame at the point 169, in the manner shewn in Figures 16, 17, and 18. In
Figure 16 the rod 162 is shewn in the act of descending and the spring 165

page_text: detent hook 178 moves over the depressions in the rotating detent stop rising and
falling as it goes until the space holder stops. In order to lock the space holder at
the right instant by letting the detent hook fall into the proper stop, a tripper 420
is provided on the shaft 180, arranged to raise the end of a latch 421, pivoted to the
bearing 107, as shewn in Figure 30. The loose end of the latch is arranged to lift in
turn the rod 170, from the lug 176. At the instant that this release is effected the
detent hook falls by its own weight into the detent step directly under it, where it is
held by the action of the spring 185 on the space box L on which step it rests,
thereby holding the space box in a fixed position, until the detent rod 175 is
raised.
While so held the proper space is inserted by the ejector into the space formed in
the line by the withdrawal of space-bar.
On the completion of a single revolution of the shaft 180, the lug 184 is so
arranged that it comes in contact with and raises the rod 175 and its detent
latch 178 from the detent stop 179. The space holder L is then at once returned
to its original position by the spring 185 (Figure 1) and is held there by the
step V1 bearing against the side plate 1. The spring 185 is shewn in Figures 1, 17,
and 18, and is attached to the frame of the inachine and to the bottom of the
space box L, which slides in suitable ways 186 upon the frame of the machine.
The stop V₁ is placed on the frame of the machine as shewn in Figure 1. The
details of the mechanism for advancing the spaces in the space channels and for
ejecting the spaces are not shewn, as any suitable mechanism may be employed.
For the purpose of driving the justifying and spacing mechanism, the auxiliary
shaft 106 is employed, rotating in the bearings 107. This terminates at its upper
end in a bevelled gear wheel 314. The driving pulley T carries on its shaft 343 a
bevel wheel 277 which meshes into another bevel wheel 311 carried on the end of a
vertical shaft 312, Figures 4 and 5. At the other end of the shaft 312 is a smaller
pinion 313 meshing into the bevelled gear wheel 314 on the shaft 106 whereby
appropriate rotary motion is imparted thereto, the size of the gear wheels being
so related to each other that the proper speed of the shaft 106 results.
THE BUNTER MECHANISM.
This consists of a horizontal pusher 215 operated intermittently by the shaft 106,
which is thrown into operation by appropriate mechanism when the line holder
reaches a proper point in the line of its travel, so that when the line holder stands
directly in front of the galley the justified line of type can be removed. This
mechanism is shewn in detail in Figures 3, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 25, and it consists
of a sliding plate 216, sliding horizontally upon the bed plate A to which is attached,
at one end, a horizontal bunter 215, as shewn in Figures 3 and 19. The plate 216
slides in the straps 217 on the bed plate A. The bunter 215 carries on its upper
rear edge a suitable bearing 219, to which is pivoted at 220 a bar 214, which, in
turn is pivoted at 218 to the edge of a disc 202, mounted upon the shaft 106, so
that when the disc revolves an eccentric motion will be imparted to the rod 214
and the bunter 215 will be caused to slide horizontally forward and backward.
The shaft 106 carries a collar 201, which is fastened to and rotates with it. This
collar contains on its periphery a series of gear teeth 203, as shewn in Figures 19
and 22. Between the collar 201 and the disc 202 is placed a ring 204, shewn
in detail in Figure 21. This ring has an ear or lug with an opening containing
a pin 207 at one end, and on the other end a somewhat longer ear or lug 205, the shape of
which is shewn in detail in Figure 21. The inner surface of the ring 202 is formed in the
manner shewn in Figure 20, and is provided on either side with two channels 206,
adapted to hold and receive the two ears or lugs of the ring 204. When the ring 204
is placed in position between the collar 201 and the disc 202 the condition of things
is shewn in Figure 22. Two spiral springs 209 are provided on either side of the
ear or lug 205, the effect of which is to keep the ring 204 constantly pressed against
the collar 201 which rotates with the shaft 106. The disc 202 rotates loosely upon

page_text: comes
the shaft 106 and is held in position by a circular disc 210 and a screw 211, which
screws into the head of the shaft 106. It will be obvious from the Figure 22 that
as long as the ring 204 is in engagement with the teeth 203 upon the face of the
collar 201, the ring 202 will rotate with the shaft 106 and a reciprocating motion
will be imparted to the bar 214. In order to throw the ring 204 out of engagement
with the teeth 203 on the collar 201 and to stop the rotation of the ring 202, a
retaining pawl is provided, 212, more clearly shewn in Figure 30, attached to an
arm 198, pivoted to the bearing 107 by the pivot 221. The tendency of this pawl
is to keep the ear 205 out of engagement with the teeth by means of a spring 199,
which constantly tends to throw the upper end of the pawl 198 outward and the
lower end inward. The pawl 212 is actuated by a rod, 424, which engages with the
end of a lever 222, which is pivoted at 223, to an extension piece 224, upon the
foremost of the straps 217, or at any other convenient point, on the bed plate. The
lever 222 is provided with a nose 225, which is arranged to engage with a notch 226,
5 in the front edge of the line holder. A spring 227 is provided at the other end of
the lever 222, which spring bears against the edge 6 of the line holder Cas
forward. As the line holder comes down and stops at the end of its line of travel the
spring 227 strikes the edge 6, and throws the nose 225 into the notch 226
thereby pulling the rod 424 forward and releasing the pawl and causing the ear or
lug 205 to take the position shewn in Figure 22, thereby causing the ring 202 to
rotate with the shaft 106, and the plate 215 and the bunter 216 to move forward and
its forward face to come in contact with the line of type in the line holder through the
opening 2 therein and to push the line of type from the line holder, off on to the
galley U. For the purpose of adjusting the length of the bunter to the length of
the line of type formed in the line holder a sliding plate 229 shewn in Figures 3, 19,
and 23 is provided. This slides in a suitable way 230 cut in the interior of the
bunter 215, upon a suitable track 231, Figure 3, and may be shifted laterally and
fitted to suit the length of any line of type in the line holder by means of a thumb
screw 232. By moving the plate 229 forward or backward in the way 230 as shewn
0 in Figure 23 the length of the surface 234 presented to the surface of the type in the
line holder may be increased or diminished.
THE TABLE SUPPORTING MECHANISM.
For the purpose of supporting the lower table M an adjustable latch, shewn in
Figures 19, 23, 24 and 25 is provided. This latch is carried upon an arm 237,
5 screwed to the lower front edge of the plate A as shewn in Figure 23. To this arm
is pivoted at 236, the latch proper 235, the upper end of which is made in the form
of steps as shewn in Figures 24 and 25. To the upper end of the latch 235 a sliding
bar 241, is pivoted at 238, which carries a stop 246, which stop engages with the
foremost of the straps 217 on the bed plate A, and limits the movement of the bar 241
0 from left to right as shewn in Figure 23. The extremity of the bar 241 is provided
with a bevelled termination in the form of a hook 242, Figures 24 and 25. A
spring 239 recessed in the front end of the plate A and bearing against the latch
proper 235, throws the latch constantly forward into the position shewn in Figures 24
and 25. An arm 245 is fastened to the plate 216 upon which the bunter slides and
5 moves forward with the plate, provided with a projecting lug 244. The length of the
lug 244, is such that when the plate 216 moves forward, the lug comes under the
bevelled end 242 of the bar 241, lifts it and passes under it, and permits the bar 241
to drop. At the instant that the bunter 215 and the bar 216 move forward to eject
the type, the table M is held in an elevated position upon the step 2351 of the
O latch 235, and as the plate 216 moves forward the head 242 is lifted by the lug 244
on the bar 245. The instant that the plate 216 begins to move backward, the lug 244
engages with the inner face of the hook 242, and causes the latch 235 to be moved
from right to left and the spring 239 to be compressed. A pin 243 is so placed
on the bearing 107, that the bevelled surface of the hook 242 will ride up upon it for
5 a distance sufficient to lift the point of the hook over the lug 244, which is thereupon

page_text: restored to its original position by the spring 239. While this operation is taking
place the seat or step 2351 will have been withdrawn and the table M¹ will have been
allowed to drop to its lower position, carrying with it the empty line holder and space
bars which are then in position to be removed therefrom by the operation of the line
holder returning mechanism hereinafter described. In the meantime the latch 235
will have reassumed the position shewn in Figures 24 and 25. When the table M¹
moves upward it passes over the latch 235 by the compression of the spring 239,
which spring throws the latch forward after the table has passed, and the latter rests
upon the stop 235 again, and is supported in the same manner as before, until the
bunter mechanism again moves forward. It will be obvious from the foregoing that
the table will be held firmly in the upper position until such time as the descent of
the line holder operates the bunter mechanism, which, at the instant that the line is
discharged from the line holder, throws the table latch into operation and permits the
table to fall.
In order to throw into engagement and release the cam 146, at the appropriate
moment the trip mechanism shewn in Figures 3, 10, 11 and 18 is provided. This
consists of a rod 187 rotating on bearings 188 and 189, the latter of which is formed
on the upper edge of the vertical plate 1. The rod 187 terminates at its outer end
in an arm 190 (Figures 3 and 11), which, at its end, has a projection 191 (Figure 18)
fitting under the lever 144 attached to the dog 143, whereby, when the shaft 187 is
rotated, the arm 144 is raised or lowered according to the direction of rotation, and
the dog 143 is thrown into or out of engagement with the cog wheel 192 attached to
the shaft 106, and the annular ring 142 and the cams 146 and 139 will thus be
caused to rotate in substantially the same manner as the mechanism at the other end
of the shaft 106, for operating the justifying bar is caused to be rotated. The rota-
tion of the shaft 187 is effected by contact with the foremost space bar in the line
holder C which comes in contact with a rod 193 sliding in a suitable seat 194 in the
vertical plate 1 as shewn in Figure 11. One end of the rod 193 impinges against the
foremost space bar in the line holder when the line holder moves down at the com-
mencement of the operation of withdrawal and justification. The other extremity of
the rod 193 is connected by a fixed vertical arm 195, shewn in Figures 3 and 18,
which arm, as is shewn in these figures, is attached to the rod 187, at its upper end,
so that when the rod 193 slides in the seat 194 it will push the rod 195 forward and
cause a rotation of the rod 187 and arm 190 release the lever 144 and cause a corre-
sponding movement of the dog 143 and engagement with the gear wheel 192,
resulting in a corresponding motion of the cams 146 and 139. In order to return
the rod 187 to the original position, after the rotation of the cam, a spring 196 is
provided, attached to the bearing 168, as shewn in Figures 3, 11 and 18. It will be
apparent from the foregoing that, as each temporary space bar is removed and the
appropriate space has been inserted the spring 196 will rotate the rod 187, thus
breaking the connection with the shaft 106 and throwing forward the rod 193 so that
it can be tripped by the next space bar when it comes forward in the constantly
moving line holder. It will be observed that each time this mechanism is tripped by
the space bar, the cam 146 is caused to make a single revolution and at the end of
the revolution the rod 193 will be thrown back to its original position ready to be
acted upon by the next space bar when the line holder comes down to the position
where the same is removed.
The rod 193 is thrown back after the lever 144 has passed by the spring 196 when
the space bar which is pressed against the rod 193 by the lower short rack and weight
is withdrawn by the hook 148.
LINE HOLDE REDNING MECHANICAL

page_text: directions. In the drawings 302 represents the sprocket chain, 272 the upper
sprocket wheel, and 273 the lower sprocket wheel. The lower sprocket wheel 273 is
an ordinary wheel arranged to rotate on an axis 42, as shewn in Figures 24 and 39,
The upper sprocket wheel is of the peculiar construction shewn in Figures 4, 5, 27,
and 28. 41 is an auxiliary shaft carrying a loose sleeve 282 which is held in the
position upon the shaft 41, by means of two fixed collars 301 at either end. The
sleeve 282 carries two loose gear wheels 274 and 279, each of equal size, and each
connected by means of intermediate gear wheels 276 and 278 with the main driving
shaft 343 so that the gear wheel 274 rotates in one direction loosely on the shaft 41
and sleeve 282 and the gear wheel 279 loosely on it in the other direction. The
direction of these wheels is shewn by arrows upon Figures 5 and 28, the first of
which shews movements of the gear wheel 274, and the second that of the gear
wheel 279. The gear wheel 279 is shewn in Figure 28 by dotted lines. Το
these gear wheels are fastened by the screws 291, two smaller gear wheels 280
and 281, as shewn in Figure 27. The wheel 280 is fastened to the gear wheel 274
and the wheel 281 to the gear wheel 279. Between these two, two discs
307 and 308 are placed, between which is set a sprocket wheel, composed of the
spokes 285 with the teeth 286 on its periphery, which is keyed to the sleeve 282
by a key 283. The sprocket wheel is fastened to the discs by screws 289. The
opposite faces of the two discs are each slotted as shewn at 309 in Figures 5
and 28 and in each slot is placed a flat trip lever 293 pivoted at the point 297 and
carrying on its outer surface a stud 295. 292 represents two toothed dogs, one of
which is pivoted to the outer face of the disc 307 and the other to the outer face of
the disc 308, as shewn in Figures 5, 27 and 28. Each of these dogs is provided
with a tooth 296 and a notch 310, as shewn in Figures 5 and 28. A spring 303 is
fastened upon the face of each of the discs 307 and 308, impinging against the end
of the dog 292, upon that particular disc whereby the tooth 296 of the dog is kept
normally engaged with the stud 295 upon the corresponding flat lever 293. It will
be obvious, that if, for any reason, the upper end of the lever 292 be thrown out-
ward and the tooth of the dog be thrown out of engagement with the pin 295 and the
pin be thrown down into the notch 310, the tooth 296¹ will engage with the teeth
on the periphery of the gear wheel 280 in the one case, and with those on the
periphery of the wheel 281 in the other case and the sprocket wheel will thereupon
rotate in the same direction as that in which the gear wheel 274 is rotated in the one
case and the gear wheel 279 in the other case, and will be carried in the direction
shewn by arrows in Figures 5 and 28, thereby giving a similar rotation in each case.
The extremities of each of the flat levers 293 extend out beyond the sprocket
mechanism and in order to trip the lever 293 at the proper time, a rod 110 is provided,
which is connected with the mechanism which actuates the racks and is moved as
hereafter described. This rod 110 is arranged to engage with the end of the flat
lever 293, extending outward from between the discs shewn in the Figures 5 and 27,
When the rod 110,
which lever is slightly bevelled on its rear end as shewn at 306.
Figure 5, comes in contact with the lever 293, it throws the pin 295 from its position,
as shewn in Figure 5 in the tooth 296, into the notch 310 in the dog 292, where-
upon the tooth 296 engages with the gear wheel 280 and the sprocket wheel 272
rotates in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the gear wheel 281.
The lever 293 will obviously rotate with the gear wheel 280 and when nearly the
entire revolution is completed, the bevelled end 306 of the lever 293 will come in
contact with a pin or stud 305 held at the end of a fixed arm 304 supporting the
rod 110 as shewn in Figure 5. Thereupon the lever 293 will be restored to its normal
position, the teeth 296 thrown out of engagement, the connection between the disc
and the sprocket wheel and the gear wheel 280 will be released and the chain 302
upon the sprocket wheel will cease to move. At the instant when the fixed rod 304
operates to throw the sprocket wheel out of connection with the gear wheel on the
one side of the two discs the corresponding lever 293 upon the other side of the disc
will be tripped by a Y-shaped stop 299-300 pivoted fast at 298 upon the auxiliary
P

page_text: shaft 279. The effect of tripping this lever will be to cause the lever 293 on the inside
of the disc to move, so that the stud will come into the corresponding notch in the
lever 292 attached to the inner disc and cause the tooth 295 of the dog 292 to engage
with the gear wheel 281, rotating with the gear wheel 279, and thereby impart a
reverse direction to the chain 302 upon the sprocket wheel 285. When an almost
complete revolution is effected the shoulder 306 upon the flat lever 296 comes in
contact with the curved extremity 299 of the Y-shaped stop 299-300 and thereupon
the lever 293 will be tripped and the dog 292 will assume its former position, thus
releasing the connection between the cog-wheel 281 and the sprocket wheel 285..
THE SPACE BAR RETURNING MECHANISM.
This consists of a block 383 sliding in a slot or way 385 in a plate 386 extending
the full length of the machine as shewn in Figure 30. It is also guided at the
upper end by a lug 389 formed on an extension plate 388, as shewn in Figures 4 and 30
travelling in the way 392 on the block 383.
This block 383 is shewn clearly in Figure 45. It carries on its under face a chain
fastener 388 by means of which it is attached to the chain 302 passing over the
sprocket wheels 272 and 273 as shewn in Figure 39. As the sprocket wheels turn
from right to left the sliding block 383 by engagement with the chain fastener moves
up on its ways, and when the sprocket wheels move in the other direction the
fastener moves the block back again to its original position.
The block 383 carries a slide 382 set at right angles to it as shewn in Figure 44
which carries a spring latch 378 pivoted at the point 379 to the slide and the move-
inent of which is limited by a stop pin 380 against which it is held by a spring 381.
A friction pin, 391, running in the way 392 is provided in lower part of the bed
plate A to regulate the movement. The outer end of the slide 382 has to be
provided with the latch 378 in order to enable it on its downward movement to pass
the table M' and the roller 514. The lower end of the table M¹ is cut out as
shewn at 393 which enables it (the latch) to pass by the table and assume its
original position ready to remove the line holder and space-bars when the table
falls again. This will be best seen by reference to Figure 41. As the slide 382
descends by the downward movement of the chain 302 the extremity of the
latch 378 comes in contact with the upper edge of the table M' and is compressed.
As it descends still further it comes in contact with the roller 514 and still further
hent in by it until finally it reaches the point where it passes the edge of the
cut 393 and then is restored by the spring 381 to the position shewn in
Figure 44.
بانه
In order to enable the space-bars when removed from the table M¹ by the upper
surface of the slide 382, to pass over the projection 261 on the pivoted plate 259
on the table a projecting lug 384 is provided on the block 383 so that when
the block moves upward, the bevelled edge of the lug 384, comes in contact with
the sliding rod 255 in the table M¹ and causes the same to slide inward in the
same manner as it was caused to slide by the block 266, when the space-bar
passed originally down on to the table, thus depressing the plate 259 and permitting
the bars to be moved over the edge 261 and off of the table on the shuttle
way B
In order to support the space-bars as they move off the shuttle way B¹
three pivoted spring catches 387, pivoted at 395 in the bed plate A and actuated
by springs 396 as shewn in Figures 7, 13, and 40, are employed. The space-bars
are further guided by the plate 394 in the end of which the catches are inserted,
which plate extends entirely over to the lower end of the shuttle way practically
covering it.
We will now take up and describe the various actuating mechanisms employed.
THE LINE HOLDED Tintur
MRATA

page_text: rack 1 is driven by the gear wheel 327 rotating on the shaft 328. The shaft 326
runs in a bearing 329 and carries on it a cog-wheel 330, and the shaft 328, Figure 12,
runs in a bearing 331 and carries at its extremity a cog-wheel 332. The cog-wheel 332
engages with a larger cog-wheel 335 upon an independent shaft 337, which carries
a cog-wheel 336 and also a sheave pulley 338 over which passes a cord 339 attached
to a weight 340. The effect of the weight upon the sheave is to keep the
racks 1 and 1 normally in the position shewn in Figure 2. The cog-wheel 330
engages with a sliding rack 333 with teeth at one side at one end and on the
opposite side at the other end, sliding in a way 334, and the cog-wheel 336 engages
with a sliding rack 341 formed in the manner clearly shewn in Figure 2, with
teeth on one side at one end, and at the opposite side at the other end, sliding in
the ways 344 and 351.
Each of the racks 1° and 1b carries a latch 316 provided in a recess 318 on the
upper face of the rack. The latch is of the same construction in each case, and is
provided with a spring 319 which throws it constantly forward, and with the two
pins 217 and 321, in the recess on either side for limiting its movement.
A pin 322
is placed in the upper end of the way 324 on the side plate 1, in which the rack 1°
slides, which pin is arranged to move in a groove 321¹ on the face of the rack, which
pin retracts the latch of the rack 1ª when it raises, and permits the line holder to pass
by it when the table A is raised.
The ends of the racks, 333 and 341 are operated by mechanism shewn more
clearly in Figures 34 and 35, 36 and 37, which alternately engage with a gear
wheel 342 on the main driving shaft 343, by means of the action of a right angled
rocking arm 347 pivoted at 348 to the frame of the machine.
The extremity of the rack 341 is normally held out of engagement with the
wheel 342 by means of the rocking arm 347 the upper end of which is held up by
a spring 349, one end of which is attached to the arm 347, and the other end
to a pin 350 on the bearing 351, on the frame of the machine. The inner face
of the rack 341 carries at the rear end a groove 362, in which a pin 363 upon the
upper end of the arm 347 slides. When the upper arm of 347 is depressed, the
rack 341 comes into engagement with the wheel 342 and moves from left to
right as shewn in Figure 2. In order to depress the arm 347 at the right instant
with respect to the movement of the rack 333 which actuates the driving rack 1*,
a recess 354 (Figure 34) is formed on front edge of the rack 333 below the point
where the teeth on that edge cease, and a pin 355 is provided on the lower end
of the bent arm 347, projecting horizontally forward so as to engage with and
enter the recess. In order to throw the rack 333 into engagement with the
wheel 342 and to bring it back to its original position, the devices shewn in
Figures 34, 35, 36 and 37 are employed. These consist of a spring plunger 357
impinging against the teeth of the rod 333, carried on a pin 360 encircled by a
spiral spring 359 sliding in a block 358 attached to the upright plate A7. On
the opposite side is a block 345 shaped as shewn, containing a groove in which
the rod 333 slides vertically it being forced constantly inward by the plunger 357,
and it is held in a locked position by the pivoted spring-lever 364 pivoted to
the block 345 at 365, and provided with a jaw 368 engaging with the rack
as shewn in Figure 36 and normally held in engagement by the action of the
spring 366.
When the rack 333 is rocked forward by the key H the latch 368 by the action of
the spring 366 at once flies back of it and the face 361 engages with the smooth
face of the rack as it rises and holds it constantly in engagement with the
wheel 342 until it passes out the jaw 368 and into the block 345.
When the key H is depressed, the pin 3691 on the bent lever 369 throws the lower
end of the rack 333 forward from left to right, compressing the spring 359 and
throwing the upper teeth on the rear edge of the rack 333 into engagement
with the teeth on the constantly rotating cog-wheel 342. The rack 333 thereupon
begins to move upward imparting its motion to the wheel 330, and the driving

page_text: rack 1a begins then to travel downward, the latch 316 released from the pin 322 and
inoves engages the end of the line holder and pushes it with it.
When the rack 333 is pushed outward the pin 355 is withdrawn from the lower
shoulder of the recess 354 and the shoulder will then pass by the pin and the
rack 333 will move upward. When the lower end of the rack 333 has passed up
beyond the block 364, the spring-plunger 359 will immediately throw the end
of the rack from right to left thus releasing it from engagement with the
wheel 342, whereupon it ceases to move. As the rack 333 is thus driven by the
spring-plunger from right to left, it strikes against the pin 355, and pushes it into
the shoulder 356 in the upper block 345, whereupon the pressure of the spring-
plunger 359, against the rack 333 acting on the pin 355, will depress the upper arm
of the rocking arm 347 by means of the groove 262 and pin 263, and the rack 341
will be thrown into engagement with the wheel 342, causing the former to travel
from left to right on the ways 344 and 351, thereby causing the lower rack 1b to
begin to move upward pushing with it upper rack 1 back to its original position.
When the rack 1b reaches the end of its line of travel, the rack 333 will have
descended a sufficient distance to again engage with the pin 355, and trip the rocking
arm 347, thereby raising the end of the rack 341 and breaking the connection with
the arm 342. The instant that the rack 341 is released from engagement with the
wheel 342, the weight 340, is free to drop, and it commences to unwind the
sheaves 338 gradually as the bars are removed one by one, and drive down the lower
rack. The latch 316 upon the upper end of the rack 1b thereupon engages with the
upper end of the line holder C, as shewn in Figure 11, and drives it forward.
}
The bevelled end 367 of the rack 333 guides it into and through the block 361
compressing the spring 366 into the original position shewn in Figure 34 and as it
descends the pin 355 slides down on the smooth face of the rack until the recess 354
comes opposite to the pin 355 on the rocking arm 347, whereupon the spring 349
draws the arm back to its normal position, lifts the rack 341 out of engagement with
the wheel 342, and holds the pin firmly in the position shewn in Figure 34, while
the lower end comes against the pin 369¹ at the extremity of the bent arm of the
lever 369 ready for a new movement.
SPROCKET MECHANISM ACTUATOR.
In order to trip the sprocket mechanism at the proper time by rocking the arm 108,
see Figure 5, a shaft 377, is provided extending across the machine under the bed plate,
and carrying on its end opposite to the arm 108, a fixed arm 370, as shewn in Figure 2.
This latter arm carries at its extremity, a pivoted arm 371, attached to it at 373. The
motion of the arm 371 is limited in one direction by the pin 374, and in the other by the
pin 375, engaging with a depression in the edge of the arm 371. This plate is so arranged
with respect to the plate 370 that a heel projects out beyond it, which heel is arranged
to be tripped by a pin 372, on the face of the gear wheel 336.
When the gear
wheel 336 rotates from right to left, the pin 372 hits the sharp edge of the heel of
the arm 371, trips the arm 370 upward, and thereby imparts a short rocking move-
ment to the arm 370, which in turn rocks the shaft 377 and the arm 108, and the
rod 110 attached to it, and causing the sprocket mechanism to engage with the cog
wheels 279 and 281, as the case may be, and the chain 302 to move in one direction.
The arm 371 after the pin 372 has passed it, immediately drops hack to its original
position, by reason of the weight of the free end and the arm 370 is restored to its
original position by the tension of the spring 123 acting on the arm 108. When the
gear wheel 336 begins to move in the opposite direction the pin 372 moves over the
bevelled edge of the heel, and lifts the arm 371 until it passes it, without rocking the
arm 370 or affecting the arm 108, and thus the device is in position to act again
when the gear wheel begins to rotate from right to left.
THE VIBRATOR ACTUATING MECHANISM.
In order to onerate the vibrator and to throw the
vibrating mashaniam

page_text: The method of operation of the entire machine is as follows: When the machine
is ready to operate, the line holder C stands in the proper position shown in
Figure 1, on the table M at the upper end of the vertical side plate 1, above the
shuttle way B, and the vibrating mechanism is constantly operating, throwing the
plate 8 in the line holder backward and forward at a very quick rate, the vibrator
having previously been set by the screw rod 5 in such a manner as to limit the
length of line to be set up in the line holder. The keyboard of the type-setting
mechanism, which may be of any convenient form and placed in any convenient
position with reference to the present machine, is then operated and the type
characters inserted, one by one, through the type channels T S. As fast as each
letter enters the space 2 of the line holder C, it is pushed forward by the vibrator 8
and assumes a position behind the next preceding letter in the line holder.
As soon as a single word is assembled, the operator depresses the key 92, where-
upon the space bar inserting mechanism D. throws the foremost of the space bars
from the top of the table M forward into the line holder up to the point where the
shoulder 49 begins. There-upon the operation of setting up the next word is
continued, and when the next word has been assembled the key 92 is again struck
and another space bar inserted into the line holder behind the word. Meanwhile the
vibrating mechanism constantly forces the line holder, aided by the weight of the
holder itself as it is being filled downward on the table M until the point is finally
reached when the line holder moves from under the bell crank 418 and the bell 417
rings, thus indicating that the desired line has been set up and the line holder is

page_text: full. Thereupon the key H is depressed, and the rack 1", begins to slide downward
and the latch 316 upon its lower end cones in contact with the line holder and
forces it down off of the table M and on to the shuttle way B to a point where it is
stopped by the line holder brake 128. At this instant, the justifying or spreading
mechanism G operates by the rotation of the shaft 106 and the justifying bar 94 is
pushed forward and drives all the space bars equally into the line carrying them over
the shoulders 49 until they expand the line so as to entirely fill the line holder:
When this operation is completed, the lower rack 1b, engages with the line holder C
by means of the latch 316 on the upper end, and pushes it down, in front of the
space bar extracting mechanism K, which operates at the right instant to push in the
space bars one by one, so as to take up any looseness left in the line, and to withdraw
them, and after withdrawal to insert into the line instead of them, an appropriate
space from the appropriate compartment of the space box L.
As fast as the space
bars are withdrawn, the line holder is moved forward by the action of weight 340
upon. the sheave 338, which drives the rack 1b and the line holder downward, as
rapidly as the space extracting mechanism will permit. During the operation of
driving in and removing each of the space bars, the line holder is held stationary by
the brake 253, and when the operation is completed it will, by the action of the
weight have been moved forward off of the shuttle way B and on to the table M¹,
and the rack 1b will return to its original position. The space bars as they are with-
drawn, will have passed from the shuttle way over the vertical edge 261 of the
plate 259, on to the table M³, and will have been assembled there, side by side, in a
row. While the operation of justification and subsequent insertion of spaces is being
proceeded with, upon the shuttle way B, with the first line holder, the table M will
hold the second line holder, with respect to which the operation of assembling is
being proceeded with. As soon as the first line holder has taken up its proper
position upon the table M¹, the bunter mechanism R will be set in operation
by the tripping mechanism actuated by the line holder, and thereupon the
bunter 234 will move forward and discharge the justified line of type
upon the galley U. At the instant that the discharge is effected, and the bunter 234
withdrawn, the lower table M¹ will fall, by reason of the release of the table holding
mechanism 235, and when the second line holder has by the striking of the key H been
moved forward to the justifying and spacing mechanisin, the sprocket mechanisın 273
will operate to advance the plate 382, and push the first line holder, which is now
empty, and the line of space bars behind it off the table M on the shuttle way B¹
.and the table M¹ will then immediately rise to receive the second line holder when
the justification of the line held in it shall have been completed. In operation both
tables are in a raised position at the same time, the table M¹ rising to receive the
line holder containing the justified line, just before the table M rises with the empty
line helder which is to be refilled. The lower table is arranged to drop a little ahead
of the upper table, so that an interval of time may take place during which the
slide 382 can operate. The instant that either line holder passes off the table M
down to the justifying mechanism the table M will drop, ready to receive the returning
line holder and row of space bars as they are carried up on the shuttle way B¹. When
the returning line holder and set of space bars used with it have been moved on to the
table M, the sprocket chain mechanism will return the line holder advancing
mechanism 382, to the lower end of the machine, so as to bring it back in position to
take up the other line holder when this is dropped on the table M. It will be
observed that during the operation of pushing in the space bars simultaneously, and
pushing them separately further into and withdrawing them from and inserting spaces
into the line in the line holder which has been first filled, the other line holder is
being filled, and that when the first line holder is moved down to the table M' by the
weight 340, and when the bunter R has ejected the type from it to the galley, the
second line holder will move forward and be subjected to precisely the same operation.
This operation continues automatically and successively, the only act not automatic
and dependent on the volition of the operator, being the insertion of the space bars
at the proper moment after a word is assembled by the mechanism D, and the

page_text: engagement of the mechanism which causes the line holder after falling to start
downward and begin its line of travel through the machine. If desired a single line
holder only may be used, or if two are used, the second may not be filled until after the
first has been filled and the line justified. The cams 39 and 40 are so arranged that
the table M is kept raised, until the line holder has moved forward and tripped the
bunter mechanism, and the latter has operated, quite independently of the assembling
mechanisin, and it remains lowered with the empty line holder on it until the line
holder which has been filled has moved downward to the justifying mechanism.
Hence, if the line holders are filled separately, the table M', with the previously
emptied line holder, remains down until the operation of driving in the space bars,
into the lineholder in which the line is being assembled, is completed, whereupon
it rises so as to receive the line holder when the subsequent operation of replacing
the space bars with permanent spaces is complete.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a machine for justifying type, a line holder for containing a line of type with
adjustable devices for determining and limiting the length of the line, substantially
as described.
2. The mechanism for feeding each letter as it enters said line holder forward
therein and correspondingly advancing the line holder, substantially as described.
3. A space bar or wedge as described with reference to Figure 33 of the drawings
for the purpose specified.
4. The space selecting mechanism constructed and operating substantially as
described with reference to Figures 3, 10, and 15 to 18 of the drawings.
5. In a machine of the kind described, mechanism for driving in the foremost
wedge bar, removing same and inserting in lieu thereof an ordinary space, then
driving in the foremost remaining wedge bar and replacing same by a space, and
repeating the operation with each of the wedge bars until all have been replaced
by ordinary spaces.
6. The mechanism for inserting the space bars or wedges substantially as described
with reference to Figures 1, 6, 17 and 33.
7. The mechanism for driving in an entire series of space bars so as to justify a
line of type, substantially as described with reference to Figures 1, 10, 11 and 12.
8. The fractional spacing mechanism for driving in the foremost of the space bars
remaining in the line holder after the removal of each one substantially as described
with reference to Figures 10, 15, 16, and 18 of the drawings.
9. The mechanism for receiving each space bar as it is removed from the line
holder and returning same to the initial position for use again, substantially as
described.
10. The mechanism for removing a justified line of type from the line holder to
the galley, substantially as described.
11. The device for giving the chain and sprocket mechanism motion in two
different directions, substantially as described with reference to Figures 5 and 28 of
the drawings.
12. The mechanism for driving the line holder substantially as described with
reference to Figures 2, 34, 35 and 43 of the drawings.
13. A machine for justifying type constructed and operating substantially as
described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 9th day of June 1899.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham.