Year: 1897

page_text: I, WALTER CLAUDE JOHNSON, of The Dignaries, Westcombe Park, in the County
of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates particularly to a means of preventing or minimising leakage
of a fluid or gas between two tubular bodies without the use of separate pressure
washiers.
It is specially applicable where tubular bodies are to be jointed together by the
direct action of fluid, air or gaseous pressures.
I will describe my invention as applied in connection with the joining of the
tubes of cycle frames into the various connecting lugs and sockets where the tubes
are expanded into recesses in the sockets by the direct application of hydraulic
pressure to the inside of the tubes.
According to one method I cut a recess in the bottom of the socket, this recess
being preferably a tight fit to the inside and outside diameters of the end of the
tube and of any convenient depth and the tube is forced tight into it.
To further insure against leakage past the end of the tube the recess may be filled
or coated with red lead putty or paint, hydraulic cement, or other jointing
composition.
As a further precaution I form the inner edge of the recess with a very thin or
feather edge so that when the pressure is applied this thin edge of metal is pressed
up to the inner surface of the tube and so helps to form a fluid tight joint.
I sometimes form the recesses with one or both sides tapered so that they are
wider at the mouth than at the bottom and I taper the end of the tube accordingly.
The above described arrangement of fitting the ends of the tubes into recesses
in the sockets also adds strength to the joints, and it can be adapted to the
ordinary form of joint for cycles and such like machines where the parts aro
brazed together, also to joints that are expanded together and to many other
forms.
According to another method, I provide the sockets with a tapered hole, which
is preferably bored, and I taper the end of the tube to suit so that it fits the socket,
the extreme end of the tube being made very thin so that when the pressure is
applied it helps to form a fluid tight joint as before described.
A jointing composition can also be used in conjunction with this arrangement.
Dated this 20th dex of Mev 1897
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: An Improvement in Tube Joints made by Fluid Pressure.
I, WALTER CLAUDE JOHNSON, of The Dignaries, Westcombe Park, in the County
of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates particularly to a means of preventing or minimising
leakage of a fluid or gas between two tubular bodies without the use of separate
pressures washers.
It is specially applicable where tubular bodies are to be jointed together by
the direct action of fluid, air or gaseous pressures.
I will describe my invention as applied in connection with the joining of the
tubes of cycle frames into the various connecting lugs and sockets where the tubes
are expanded into recesses in the sockets by the direct application of hydraulic
pressure to the inside of the tubes.
The accompanying drawings shew methods of carrying cut my invention.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section and.
Fig. 2 is an elevation partly sectional of an elbow socket having two tubes
secured in the socket these forming part of a bicycle frame. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal
section shewing a modification of the means for preventing leakage of the operating
fluid.
Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, A is the socket, BB are the tubes, and CC aro
the recesses which are made so as to fit tightly both the inside and outside diameters
of the tubes.
The metal forming the inner edge of the recess is preferably reduced to a very
thin or feather edge so that, when a great internal fluid pressure is applied, this
thin edge of metal is forcibly held against the inner surface of the tube forming
or helping to form a fluid tight joint.
The end of the tube may be tapered and the recess may have tapered sides being
somewhat wider at the mouth, and if the inner side of the recess is made slightly
greater in diameter than the inside of the tube so that the tapered end of the tube
has to wedge itself in, then very close contact of the surfaces can be obtained.
By fitting the ends of the tubes into recesses as above described additional
rigidity is given to the structure as the tube ends cannot become buckled or
deformed.
As shown in Fig. 3 the hole at the base of the socket A is bored slightly tapered
and the end of the tube B is tapered to suit accordingly.
Thus when the tubes are pressed into the sockets the surfaces at C como into
close contact by reason of the taper, and under internal fluid pressure the thin
feather edge of the tube is forcibly pressed against the socket effecting closer
contact of the surfaces.
In all cases a jointing composition may be used in addition to the close contact 4
of the surfaces to further ensure the initial tightness of the joint against leakage
of fluid.
The above described arrangements of fitting the ends of the tubes into the
sockets can be adapted to the ordinary form of joint for cycles and such like
machines where the parts are brazed together, also to joints that are expanded 4
together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I

page_text: claim in respect of means of preventing or minimising leakage of fluid under
pressure employed for jointing tubes in sockets is:—
1. Forming in the base of the socket a recess to receive the end of the tube, the
inner side of the recess being preferably thinned towards its edge substantially
as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
2. Tapering the hole at the base of the socket and correspondingly tapering the
end of the tube substantially as described with reference to Fig. 3.
Dated this 24th day of February 1898
ABEL & TMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.