Improvements in or relating to Machinery to be employed in the Forging or Hammering of Metals.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 22nd July, 1891-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machinery to be employed in the
Forging or Hammering of Metals.
I LLEWELLEYN AUGUSTUS PARROCK of Ash Villa Victoria Road Aston
Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
:-
32
"
My invention has reference to hammers of the kind known as "tilt hammers
in which the hammer head is at the extremity of a lever and moves in the arc of a
circle, the end of the lever remote from the hammer head being actuated by a cam.
Most "tilt hammers are levers of the third order but in a hammer or machine
constructed according to my invention the hammer head is at the outer extremity
of the long arm of an unequal armed lever of the first order. The lever has a
short projection at or nearly at right angles to its general direction and close to its
fulcrum thus making virtually a combined first order lever and a bell crank lever
with one long arm the extremity of which carries the hammer head and one short
arm. The end of the short arm of this bell-crank is formed so as to engage with a
suitable cam or "wiper" on a revolving shaft, so that every time that the
projecting part of the cam engages with the short arm the hammer head is
raised.
I prefer to use a short revolving shaft with each hammer, driving it by means of
spur gearing wheels from a line shaft. At the same time that the hammer head is
raised the end of the first order lever which is furthest from the hammer head is
depressed and while being depressed it puts a suitable spring into a state of stress,
preferably the spring is helical and is put into stress by being compressed longi-
tudinally. When the projection on the cam or "wiper" has in its revolution
cleared the short arm of the bell crank, the head of the hammer falls on the anvil
or on the article of metal on the anvil which is being forged or hammered as in an
ordinary "tilt hammer." The force of the blow is due partly to the weight of the
hammer head and partly to the elasticity of the spring which was put into a state
of stress by the descent of the short end of the hammer lever.
By means of suitable levers and a treadle actuated by the foot of the workman,
that part of the force of the blow which is due to the action of the spring may be
increased or diminished.
I provide a stop whereby the hammer may be retained in its highest position
when desired for the purpose of changing the work, on the handle and keeping the
hammer at rest. This moveable stop, I actuate by preference by means of a
handle placed conveniently to the hand of the workman, though it might be
worked by another treadle if preferred.
The spring may be made in different modes but I prefer to make it helical and
enclosed in a case, with a disc or plunger pressing upon it above and below, the
plunger above being pressed down by the short or tail end of the hammer lever and
the plunger below being actuated by means of the treadle levers. The spring may
be arranged so as to be extended instead of compressed when being actuated by
the tail end of the lever.
Dated 23rd October 1890.
THOS. KENDRICK,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machinery to be employed in the
Forging or Hammering of Metals.
I, LLEWLLEYN AUGUSTUS PARROCK, of Ash Villa, Victoria Road, Aston
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
arm.
"
My invention has reference to hammers of the kind known as "tilt hammers"
in which, the hammer head is as the extremity of a lever and moves in the arc of a
circle, the end of the lever remote from the hammer head being actuated by a cam.
Most "tilt-hammers are levers of the third order but in a hammer or machine
constructed according to my invention the hammer head is at the outer extremity
of the long arm of an unequal armed lever of the first order. The lever has a
short projection at or nearly at right angles to its general direction and close to its
fulcrum thus making virtually a combined first order lever and a bell crank lever
with one long arm the extremity of which carries the hammer head and one short
The end of the short arm of this bell-crank is formed so as to engage with a
suitable cam or "wiper" on a revolving shaft, so that every time that the
projecting part of the cam engages with the short arm the hammer head is raised;
prefer to use a short revolving shaft with each hammer, driving it by means of
spur gearing wheels from a line shaft. At the same time that the hammer head is
raised the end of the first order lever which is furthest from the hammer head is
depressed, and while being depressed it puts a suitable spring into a state of stress,
preferably the spring is helical and is put into stress by being compressed longi-
tudinally. When the projection on the cam or "wiper" has in its revolution
cleared the short arm of the bell crank, the head of the hammer falls on the anvil
or on the article of metal on the anvil which is being forged or hammered as in an
ordinary "tilt hammer." The force of the blow is due partly to the weight of the
hammer-head and partly to the elasticity of the spring which was put into a state
of stress by the descent of the short end of the hammer lever.
By means of suitable levers and a treadle actuated by the foot of the workman,
that part of the force of the blow which is due to the action of the spring may be
increased or diminished.
I provide a stop whereby the hammer may be retained in its highest position
when desired for the purpose of changing the work, on the anvil and keeping the
hammer at rest. This movable stop, I actuate by preference by means of a handle
placed conveniently to the hand of the workman, though it might be worked by
another treadle if preferred.
The spring may be made in different modes but I prefer to make it helical and
enclosed in a case, with a disc or plunger pressing upon it above and below the
plunger above being pressed down by the short o: tail end of the hammer lever,
and the plunger below being actuated by means of the treadle levers. The spring
may be arranged so as to be extended instead of compressed when being actuated
by the tail end of the lever.
And in order that this my said invention may be more fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several figures, in the sheets of drawings hereunto annexed, the same
letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the figures.
No. 1 sheet of drawings.
Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation sectional, shewing "Improvements in or relating
to machinery, to be employed in the forging or hammering of metals' as my
invention.
No. 2 sheet of drawings
"

page_text: Fig. 3, is a plan view of same.
C
The mechanical parts for actuating the hammer are supported by the standards a,
upon the 6; c is the unequal lever, carrying the hammer head d on the longer part,
the short arm c² receives the carrier e, taking its fulcrum at e¹ and carries the form
or segment f, which engages with the segments or forms 9, 9, 9, 9, keyed or other-
wise connected to h, forming a cam or wiper, fixed upon the revolving shaft i, so
that at each time as g, comes in contact with f in its revolution c and d are raised,
the means of communicating the motion would by preference be effected by using
spur-gearing, (or pulleys, is the fly wheel) upon the shaft i, at the time
that c with d is raised, c is lowered, and engaging the rod or upper plunger l, with
disc m, the spring n, which is encased in o is put into a state of stress by the longi-
tudinal pressure given when the cam or wiper segment g, in its revolution has
cleared the form f of bell-crank; d instantly falls upon the article, upon the
anvil which is to be hammered or forged, and so continuously as required.
The power or force of the blow or fall of d, may be increased when required by
the employment of the lever g, jointed at r, actuated by the foot of the workman
ats, the cupped part t, which engages the rod with disc of lower plunger 1, the
spring n receives a further stress.
When the hammer d, is required to be fixed, chiefly for changing the work, I
employ the stop u, which engages with v, being actuated by means of the handle w,
and the jointed levers y.
The above being my said invention, I wish it to be observed in conclusion that I
do not limit myself to the precise details or arrangement of parts as shewn on the
accompanying sheet of drawings, but that I hold myself at liberty to alter or
modify the same without departing essentially from the principle of my said
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1st. The "Improvements in or relating to machinery to be employed in the
forging or hammering of metals," (that is to say) constructing and employing the
unequal arm lever, c and e, with carrier e, and the segment, engaging
the segments g, upon the cam or wiper h, for the purpose of raising and allowing d
to fall,
2nd. Constructing and employing n, encased in o, with upper plunger l, arranged
under for increasing the force of blow to d.
3rd. Constructing and employing the lever g, to the lower plunger 1, for com-
pressing n, to obtain still greater force from the blow of d.
4th. Constructing and employing u, y, and w, as a stop.
5th. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts, substantially
as and for the purpose herein before described in foregoing Specification and
illustrated on the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Dated 01 TL 1001
THOS. KENDRICK,
Agent.