IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Addy Hopkinson and Joseph Hopkinson,
both of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Engincers, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE
USED THEREWITH
"
Sealed the 5th June 1874, and dated the 24th December 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Addy Hopkinson
and Joseph Hopkinson at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th December 1873.
We, JOHN ADDY HOPKINSON and JOSEPH HOPKINSON, both of Hud-
dersfield, in the County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS AND IN
APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the first place in the combination of longi-
tudinal and transverse boilers or vessels in such a manner as to form
when combined one complete and compact steam boiler, in which high
pressure steam may be generated with increased safety and economy,
and every part of the boiler is easy of access. For this purpose the said

page_text: complete boiler is composed of a series of separate boilers or vessels
placed transversely to the fire-grate, each vessel being connected by a
suitable tube or thoroughfare to a longitudinal boiler or vessel fixéd
below the fire-grate, and also to one or two longitudinal boilers or vessels
fixed above the said transverse boilers or vessels. These last mentioned
longitudinal boilers or vessels are also steam and water chambers.
The fire is placed under one or more of the front transverse boilers or
vessels, and after having acted on the lower portion of the whole of tho
said transverse boilers or vessels the products of combustion pass
through a series of suitable tubes or flues formed in the back transverse
boilers or vessels, thence under the longitudinal chamber or chambers
and into the chimney. By means of this arrangement the said chamber
or chambers form one water level for the whole of the boilers or vessels,
which are in mutual communication, and should one of the transverse
boilers or vessels gencrate steam in excess of the others, the water will
be caused to circulate through the bottom longitudinal boiler or vessel,
and the contents of each boiler will remain the same, thereby main-
taining one common water level for the whole of the boilers or
⚫vessels.
Our Invention consists in the second place in the adaptation and
application to boilers constructed as above stated of a travelling grate
with a motion from back to front, similar to that described in the
Provisional Specification in our names, No. 517 (1867). The said
travelling grate is especially applicable to boilers so constructed, inas-
much as its application thereto does not require holes being made in the
boiler.
Our said Invention consists in the last place in adapting and applying
to steam boilers guages known as "Bourdon guages," so constructed as
to prevent the splitting and cracking of the tubes, especially when
applied to high-pressure boilers or exposed to variations of temperature.
For this purpose the inside tube, which constitutes and acts as the
spring to bear the steam pressure is constructed in a double form, that
is to say, with one tube placed over another, one or both of which is or
are made seamless or solid drawn.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Addy Hopkinson and Joseph Hopkinson in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN ADDY
HOPKINSON and JosЕги HOPKINSON, both of Huddersfield, in the County
of York, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said John Addy Hopkinson and
Joseph Hopkinson, Her special licence that we, the said John Addy
Hopkinson and Joseph Hopkinson, our exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as wc, the said John Addy Hopkinson and Joseph
Hopkinson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREWITH,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Addy
Hopkinson and Joseph Hopkinson, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and
scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Hopkinson, on behalf of
myself and of the said John Addy Hopkinson, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say) :—
Our Invention of "Improvements in Steam Boilers and in Apparatus
to be used therewith" consists in the first place in the combination of

page_text: •
is to say, with one tube placed over another, one or both of which is or
are made seamless or solid drawn.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, we will proceed
to describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be per-
formed by the aid of the accompanying Drawings, in which are repre-
sented the mode of constructing steam boilers and the apparatus above
naformed to

page_text: the longitudinal chambers I and K, and escapes into the chimney. By
means of this arrangement the longitudinal chambers I and K. form one
water level for the whole of the boilers or vessels, which are in mutual
communication, and as steam is generated in the transverse boilers or
'vessels A, B, C, and D, the water therein will be caused to ascend into
the longitudinal chambers I and K, thereby keeping up a constant
circulation, while the contents of each boiler or vessel will remain the
same, and maintain one common water level for the whole of the boilers
or vessels.
In Figures 5 and 6 are shewn two bottom longitudinal boilers or
vessels G¹ and G² arranged below the fire-place, each being in communi-
cation with the transverse boilers or vessels fixed above them.
In Fig. 7 the boilers G and G³ are shown by dotted lines.
In all theso Figures is shown the arrangement of flues for carrying
the heat round and through the several boilers or vessels.
In some cases the bottom longitudinal boiler or boilers G₁ and G* may
not be required, the transverse boilers or vessels A, B, C, and D, forming
the lowest portion of the series.
Fig. 8 is an end clevation showing the longitudinal chambers with the
fittings applied thereto.
Fig. 9. represents the mechanical travelling grate applied to a boiler
constructed as above described. This grate receives a motion from back
to front by means of the gearing shown or otherwise, the fucl being
placed on the back portion of the grate, while the ashes are deposited at
the front. The advantage of this mode of firing is that the products of:
combustion from the incandescent fuel rise and pass directly over the
fresh fuel, which they ignite on the top, and thereby enable oxygen to
pass through the comparatively cold bar and fresh fuel, and unite and
consume the gases liberated from the coal at the point of generation,
producing a more intense heat from the same quantity of fuel,
consequently with greater economy, and all without the formation of
smoke.
The fresh fuel is supplied through the hopper N, and falls on to the
grate at O, the ashes being deposited at P.
Boilers constructed in the manner described are especially adapted to 1

page_text: cation thereto does not require holes to be made in the boiler, as in the
case of ordinary fire-box boilers.
Our improvement in the "Bourdon gauge" is shewn more particularly
in the section, Fig. 12, which represents the double form of the tube
through which the pressure is indicated. Either one or both of the tubes
shown in this Figure is or are made seamless or solid drawn.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we
claim as of our Invention is,―
First. The construction of steam boilers composed of transverse and
longitudinal boilers or vessels arranged and combined in the manner
described, so as to keep up a constant circulation and maintain one
common water level for the whole of the boilers or vessels, as herein-
before described.
Secondly. The adaptation and application to steam boilers so con-
structed of a travelling grate, having a motion from back to front, and
the fuel fed on to the hinder part of the grate.
And Lastly. The application to "Bourdon gauges
made in a double form, as described.
" of pressure tubes
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Hopkinson, have hereunto
set
my hand and seal, the Twentieth day of June, in the year of
our Lord, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
TONEDH HÔDIZINSON
Witness,
JOHN EASTWOOD,
Queen Street,
Huddersfield.
JOSEPH HOPKINSON. (L.S.)