Improved Means and their Manufacture for Effecting the Coloured Decoration of Pottery.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1900
Improved Means and their Manufacture for Effecting the Coloured
Decoration of Pottery.
We, GEORGE EDWARD HOLLOWAY, General Manager, and a corporate body
trading as B. DELLAGANA AND COMPANY LIMITED, Electrotypers, all of 1, Gresham
Buildings, Basinghall Street, London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:--
This invention relates to the art of colouring pottery or ceramic ware either
over or under the glaze and by majolica glazes and coloured slips, and consists
of means such as stencil plates, and their mode of manufacture, to enable an
unskilled workman to at once set out by such stencil plate either an outline
pattern in colour, ready at once to be burnt and glazed, or adapted to be filled
up by hand or otherwise before burning; or to at once by a series of such
stencil plates to mechanically apply various colours, by a spray, by brush or
otherwise to form a complete artistically coloured pattern, whatever the shape
of the ware or pottery, and whether with a surface smooth or wholly or partly
in relief.
To carry our invention into effect, a specimen of the ware or pottery to be
coloured is taken as a model, or a model may be taken therefrom in wax or
other convenient substance.
Such specimen or model is then prepared with a metallic surface adapted in
the usual way in a bath to receive a coating of copper or an electro type of
the surface following exactly and fitting the configuration of such surface.
In such an electro-type the necessary outlines of any desired pattern or spaces,
corresponding to surfaces of such pattern, may be left uncoated by copper by
the removal of the metallic coat of the model as required, or such outlines or
blank spaces may be cut out afterwards from the complete electro by hand.
It is evident that a series of electros exactly similar as to configuration may
be taken from the same model and different surfaces may be left blank in
each corresponding to various colours with which it is desired to decorate the
ware, and in this way a very artistic result by applying colour through such
stencils in succession, by spray, brush or otherwise may be mechanically pro-
duced by unskilled labour.
Where plates or other ware of extended surface are required to be coloured
conveniently face downwards over a colour spraying apparatus, we adapt spring
holders affixed to the under side of the board containing the aperture or recess
holding such plate or ware, and surrounding such aperture or recess, such
spring holders serving to hold the stencils in their required position on the
underside of the plate or ware.
Equivalently such spring holders may each carry a small stencil plate of
any required form and press the same by spring pressure upon the face of the
plate or ware to be coloured, where the effect desired to be produced is a series
of white or diverse coloured designs distributed uniformly or irregularly over

page_text: a coloured band or surface which is thus left free for the application of any
ground colour by spray brush or otherwise.
Dated this 27th day of March 1899.
Improved Means and their Manufacture for Effecting the Coloured
Decoration of Pottery.
We, GEORGE EDWARD HOLLOWAY, General Manager, and a corporate body
trading as B. DELLAGANA AND COMPANY LIMITED, Electrotypers, all of 1, Gresham
Buildings, Basinghall Street, London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement.
-
This invention relates to the art of colouring pottery or ceramic ware, either
over or under the glaze, and by majolica glazes and coloured slips, and consists
of means, such as stencil plates and their mode of manufacture, to enable an
unskilled workman to at once set out by such stencil plate either an outline
pattern in colour, ready at once to be burnt and glazed or adapted to be filled
up by hand or otherwise before burning or to at once by a series of such
stencil plates to mechanically apply various colours, by a spray, by brush or
otherwise to form a complete artistically coloured pattern, whatever the shape
of the ware or pottery, and whether with a surface smooth, or wholly or partly
in relief.
To carry our invention into effect, a specimen of the ware or pottery to be
coloured is taken as a model and covered with wax or a model may be taken
therefrom in wax or other convenient substance.
Such specimen or model is then prepared upon the wax with a metallic surface
applied conveniently as metallic powder by a brush adapted in the usual way in
a bath to receive a coating of copper or an electrotype of the surface, following
exactly and fitting the configuration of such surface.
In such an electro-type, the necessary outlines of any desired pattern or spaces,
corresponding to surfaces of such pattern, may be left uncoated by the deposited
film by the removal of the metallic coat, of the model as required or by painting
such parts by a non electrical conductor such as shellac or such outlines or blank
spaces may be cut out afterwards from the complete electro by hand.
It is evident that a series of electros exactly similar as to configuration may
be taken from the same model, and different surfaces may be left blank in
each corresponding to various colours with which it is desired to decorate the
ware, and in this way a very artistic result by applying colour through such
stencils in succession by spray, brush, or otherwise, may be mechanically pro-
duced by unskilled labour.
Where plates or other ware of extended surface are required to be coloured
conveniently face downwards or in other position over a colour spraying apparatus
we adapt spring holders affixed to the under side of the board containing the
aperture or recess holding such plate or ware, and surrounding such aperture
or recess, such spring holders serving to hold the stencils in their required
position on the under side of the plate or ware.
Equivalently such spring holders may each carry a small stencil plate of
any required form and press the same by spring pressure upon the face of the
plate or ware to be coloured, where the effect desired to be produced is a series

page_text: of white or diverse coloured designs distributed uniformly or irregularly over
a coloured band or surface which is then left free for the application of any
ground colour by spray, brush, or otherwise.
And in order that the latter part of this invention may be the better understood
we will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings hereto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a piece of pottery such as a plate held
face-downwards or otherwise presented to a spray by spring clips upon a board
in position for receiving a spray of colour.
Figure 2 is an under plan of the same.
A is a board of any suitable material provided with an aperture B to receive
the piece C to be coloured.
If a portion only of the piece is to be uniformly coloured that part not desired
to be coloured may be covered by a stencil plate, and the ceramic piece C itself
may be held up by spring fingers D fixed to the board A at E on a pivot wire
the tail of the spring F serving to press the inner end of the spring finger D
upon the ceramic piece C.
If the colour required to be uniformly distributed over the exposed surface of
the ceramic piece C with the exceptions of detached designs such as stars
crescents &c a detached stencil plate G of the desired shape may be fixed at
the end of each spring finger D so that the spring fingers in addition to support-
ing the ceramic piece C may be made the means for applying a series of detached
stencil plates over the surface of the ceramic piece so as to leave these designs
uncoloured.
By the application of a complete stencil over the whole of the ceramic piece C
with apertures only corresponding to these detached designs these latter may be
afterwards coloured with another colour if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1st. The means for carrying out the coloured decoration of pottery or ceramic
ware consisting of spring fingers adapted to a supporting board or surface
either with or without detached stencil plates at their pressing tips adapted to
hold up a piece of ceramic ware or pottery for convenient decoration by colour
substantially as described.
2nd. In the manufacture of means for the coloured decoration of pottery, the
first coating of the specimen or model thereof by wax, the coating of the same by
a metallic electrical conducting surface, the removal of the said conducting
surface in required parts by removal of the wax, or the painting of required
parts by a non-electrical conducting substance such as shellac, and the complete
deposition of a metal film as a stencil plate upon the undisturbed or unpainted
portions of the metallic coating substantially as & for the purposes described.
Dated this 07th day of Tanambar 1800
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicants, 1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.