Improvements in Sand-blast Machines for Cleaning, Dressing, or
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 25th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 20th Sept., 1887,
[Communicated from abroad by FREDERICK WESTWICK KING, of Hamilton, and
JOHN MAW, of Dundas, both in Ontario, Canada, Machinists.]
Improvements in Sand-blast Machines for Cleaning, Dressing, or
1, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that class of machines by which the sand blast is employed
for operating upon metallic or other surfaces for cleaning, dressing, or cutting the
same.
The object of the said invention is to produce a simple and efficient machine by
which ornamental castings, especially stove castings, can be rapidly and thoroughly
cleaned from slag, scale or sand, and by which they can be prepared for nickel
plating or other subsequent finishing process.
The said invention consists in the improvements in the construction of the machine
as hereinafter set forth.
The casing of the improved machine is secured to a frame and provided at its lower
end with an opening. A horizontal endless carrier, consisting of endless belts and
cross bars or slats secured thereto, runs around pulleys which are secured to shafts
journalled in bearings secured to the said frame at opposite ends of the casing.
Rollers journalled in bearings secured to the frame support the upper horizontal
portion of the carrier between pulleys. The upper portion of the carrier passes under-
neath the opening in the bottom of the casing which latter is provided with curtains
depending from the front and rear ends of the opening for the purpose of confining
the blast upon the carrier.
A movable blast pipe is arranged with its depending discharge nozzle in the casing
above the opening thereof, so as to move back and forth from side to side in the casing
over the carrier and transversely to the same; and a fan blower or other suitable air
propelling device is secured to the front portion of the frame near the top thereof
and is provided with an upwardly projecting discharge nozzle. The upper portion
D

page_text: of the blast pipe is curved and connects the discharge nozzle of the blast pipe with the
discharge nozzle of the fan. The front end of the blast pipe is provided with a trunnion
which fits around the discharge nozzle of the fan, and turns on the same.
The sand hopper is arranged above the casing and the sand is conducted from the
said hopper to the nozzle of the blast pipe by a suitable tube. The sand hopper is
supported upon a bar or arm which is arranged above the casing and connects the
ascending front portion of the blast pipe with its descending rear portion. The front
end of the said bar embraces the trunnion of the blast pipe and its rear portion
embraces the upper part of the descending rear portion of the blast pipe. A roller is
attached to the rear end of the bar or arm to support the same and runs upon a curved
track secured to the top of the casing. A curved slot is formed in the top of the
casing for the passage of the blast pipe, and a similar slot for the passage of the sand
pipe. The latter is inclined downwardly and enters the nozzle of the blast pipe at a short
distance above its lower end. To the lower portion of the sand pipe is secured a
contracted sand discharge nozzle the lower end of which projects slightly into the
blast nozzle. The end of the sand nozzle is arranged at right angles to its axis, and
as the latter is inclined downwardly the upper portion of the end of the sand nozzle
overhangs and shelters the lower portion from the blast. This enables the sand to
issue freely from the sand nozzle and to distribute itself in the blast pipe, while the
contraction of the sand nozzle prevents the blast from entering the sand pipe and
interfering with the flow of the sand through the same.
Underneath the endless carrier is arranged a hopper for the reception of the spent
sand a screw conveyer being arranged on the bottom of the said hopper. An elevator
receives the spent sand from the conveyer and elevates the same to the sand hopper
into which it is discharged by the discharge spout of the elevator.
A vertical shaft arranged on one side of the frame is journalled in bearings secured
to the same, and a crank secured to the upper end of the said shaft is connected by a
rod with the bar or arm so as to swing the latter horizontally back and forth as the
crank rotates. The latter is provided with a series of holes either of which may be
used for attaching the rod as may be necessary to increase or reduce the throw of the
bar arm and the sweep of the blast pipe.
The said vertical shaft is rotated by a pair of bevel wheels from a horizontal shaft
which is driven by a pair of bevel wheels from a transverse shaft. The latter is driven
by spur gears from a shaft which receives motion from the shaft of the conveyer by a
crossed belt. The conveyer shaft is driven by an open belt. The endless carrier is
driven from the transverse shaft by a train of gear wheels.
The castings or other articles to be cleaned or dressed are placed upon the endless
carrier in front of the casing and are conveyed by the said carrier past the nozzle of
the blast pipe, which latter delivers the blast downwardly upon the castings. The
nozzle of the blast pipe swings or reciprocates transversely back and forth over the
carrier and remains at all times at the same height above the carrier, which height is
so regulated as to deliver an effective blast upon the castings suitable for the nature of
the work to be performed. The sand blast cleans or dresses all portions of the castings
which are exposed to it and enters the fine ornamentations, thereby cleaning or
dressing the castings perfectly and with great speed and economy of power. The
cleaned castings are removed from the tail portions of the carrier. The spent sand
passes through the spaces between the slats of the carrier, and collects in the hopper
from which it is removed by the conveyer and elevator and returned to the sand
hopper. Fresh sand is supplied to said hopper from time to time as may be necessary.
It is obvious that emery or some other suitable substance may be substituted for the
sand if desired.
This oth
-Ո. 1... 100
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Sand-blast Machines for Cleaning, Dressing, or
Cutting Metallic or other Surfaces.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to he performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to an improvement in that class of machines by which the
sand-blast is employed for operating upon metallic or other surfaces for cleaning,
dressing or cutting the same.
The object of the said invention is to produce a simple and efficient machine by
which ornamental castings, especially stove-castings, can be rapidly and thoroughly
cleaned from slag, scale or sand, and by which they can be prepared for nickel plating
or other subsequent finishing process.
The said invention consists of the improvements in the construction of the machine,
which will be hereinafter fully set forth.
In the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved machine.
Figure 2 is a top plan view of the same.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the machine.
Figure 4 is a cross section of the lower portion of the machine in line x, c
Figure 3.
Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the nozzle of the blast pipe.
Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures.
A represents the casing of the improved machine secured to a frame A¹ and provided
at its lower end with an opening a.
B represents a horizontal endless carrier, consisting of endless belts and cross bars
or slats secured thereto. The carrier B runs around pulleys C, C, which are
secured to shafts c, c¹ journalled in bearings secured to the frame A¹ at opposite ends of
the case A.
D represents supporting-rollers journalled in bearings secured to the frame A¹, and
supporting the upper horizontal portion of the carrier B between the pulleys C, (³, as
clearly represented in Figure 3. The upper portion of the carrier B
passes under-
neath the opening a in the bottom of the case A, which latter is provided with
curtains d, d depending from the front and rear ends of the opening a for the purpose
of confining the blast upon the carrier.
E represents the movable blast-pipe arranged with its depending discharge-nozzle e
in the case A above the opening a thereof, so as to move back and forth from side to
side in the case A over the endless carrier B and transversely to the same.
F represents a fan-blower or other suitable air-propelling device secured to the front
portion of the frame A' near the top thereof, and provided with an upwardly projecting
Stationary discharge-nozzle or blast pipe f

page_text: e¹ represents the curved upper portion of the blast-pipe E, connecting the discharge
nozzle e of the blast-pipe with the discharge-nozzle f of the fan. The front end of the
blast-pipe is provided with a trunnion g, which fits around the discharge nozzle f of
the fan and turns on the same, as clearly represented in Figure 3.
H represents the sand-hopper, arranged above the casing A and h represents the
pipe whereby the sand is conducted from the hopper H to the nozzle e of the blast
pipe.
I represents a bar or arm upon which the sand-hopper H is supported and which is
arranged above the case A and connects the ascending front portion of the blast-pipe
with its descending rear portion. The front end of the bar I embraces the trunnion g,
and its rear portion embraces the upper part of the descending rear portion of the
blast-pipe.
i is a supporting roller attached to the rear end of the bar or arm I and runs upon a
curved track j, secured to the top of the case A.
k represents a curved slot formed in the top of the case A for the passage of the
blast-pipe, and is a similar slot formed in the top of the case A for the passage of
the sand-pipe. The latter is inclined downwardly and enters the nozzle e of the blast-
pipe at a short distance above its lower end.
m represents the contracted sand-discharge nozzle secured in the lower portion of
the sand pipe and projecting with its lower end slightly into the blast-nozzle e. The
end of the sand-nozzle m is arranged at right angles to its axis, and as the latter is
inclined downwardly the upper portion of the end of the sand-nozzle overhangs and
shelters the lower portion of the blast. This enables the sand to issue freely from the
nozzle m and to distribute itself in the blast-pipe, while the contraction of the sand-
nozzle prevents the blast from entering the sand-pipe h and interfering with the flow
of the sand through the same.
N represents a hopper arranged underneath the carrier B for the reception of the
spent sand, and n represents a screw conveyer arranged on the bottom of the hopper.
O represents an elevator which receives the spent sand from the conveyer n and
elevates the same to the sand-hopper H into which it is discharged by the discharge-
spout p of the elevator.
q represents a vertical shaft arranged on one side of the frame A and journaled in
bearings secured to the same.
g' is a crank secured to the upper end of the shaft and connected by a rod q², with
the bar or arm I, so as to swing the latter horizontally back and forth as the crank q¹
rotates. The latter is provided with a series of holes 93, either of which may be used
for attaching the rod q², as may be necessary to increase or reduce the throw of the
bar or arm I and the sweep of the blast-pipe. The said shaft q is rotated by a pair of
bevel-wheels », from a horizontal shaft which is driven by a pair of bevel-wheels 12
from a transverse shaft 3. The latter is driven by spur-gears from a transverse
shaft, which receives motion from the shaft of the conveyer n by a crossed belt 7.
The conveyer shaft is driven by an open belt 8. The endless carrier B is driven from
the transverse shaft by a train of gear-wheels ssl s² s³.
The castings or other articles to be cleaned or dressed are placed upon the endless
carrier B, in front of the case A, and are conveyed by the carrier B past the nozzle of
the blast-pipe, which latter delivers the blast downwardly upon the castings. The
nozzle of the blast-pipe swings or reciprocates transversely back and forth over the
carrier, and remains at all times at the same height above the carrier, which height is
so regulated as to deliver an effective blast upon the castings suitable for the nature
of the work to be performed. The sand-blast cleans or dresses all portions of the
castings which are exposed to it and enters the fine ornamentations thereby cleaning
or dressing the castings perfectly and with great speed and economy of power. The
cleaned castings are removed from the tail portion of the endless carrier B. The spent
sand passes through spaces between the slots of the carrier and collects in the
hopper N, from which it is removed by the conveyer n and elevator O and returned to
the sand-hopper H. Fresh sand is supplied to said hopper from time to time, as may
be necessary.

page_text: It is obvious that emery or some other suitable substance may be substituted for
the sand, if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The combination, with a fan having an upright stationary blast-pipe, of a
movable sand-blast pipe swinging horizontally on said stationary pipe and provided
with a depending nozzle, a casing enclosing said nozzle and provided in its top with
an opening, in which the nozzle swings, and an endless carrying-apron arranged
below said casing and underneath the blast-nozzle, substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination, with the stationary blast-pipe, of a swinging blast-pipe
and a sand-receptacle and sand-discharge pipe, both connected with the swinging
blast-pipe and moving therewith substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination, with the fan and its nozzle, of a swinging blast-pipe a
sand-hopper and pipe both connected with the blast-pipe and moving therewith, and a
carrier, upon which the work is placed, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The combination, with the fan F, having a discharge-nozzle f of the bent
blast-pipe E connected with the nozzle F by a trunnion g an arm I secured to the
blast-pipe, a sand-hopper H supported on the arm I and provided with a sand-pipe, h
and a carrier B, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The combination, with the fan F having a discharge nozzle f of the bent
blast pipe E connected with the nozzle f by a trunnion g, an arm I secured to the
blast-pipe and provided with a supporting-roller i, and pipe h, and a case A provided
with a track j, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination, with the depending blast-nozzle, of a sand-pipe provided
with a contracted nozzle m, which opens in a downwardly-inclined direction into the
side of the blast-nozzle, substantially as set forth.
יני.
0711
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HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.