IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick William Mowbray, of Saltaire, near
Bradford, in the County of York, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND
DOUBLING"
Sealed the 6th May 1856, and dated the 22nd February 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick William
Mowbray at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd February 1856.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM MOWBRAY, of Saltaire, near Bradford, in the
County of York, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING &
DOUBLING," to be as follows:-
In spinning and doubling machinery it is usual to give motion to the parts
in such manner that the thread or yarn may be laid on to the cop or pirn
progressively from one end of each traverse to the other, and back again in a
similar manner, so that the successive layers of thread are alike in character,
differing only in direction of inclination. This is effected by the use of the
heart-shaped cam or tappet to actuate such parts; but I have found that
considerable benefit is obtained by causing the yarn or thread, whilst being
spun or doubled, to be laid on to the cop or pirn at a much greater angle in
one direction of each traverse than in the other; and I effect this by the

page_text: employment of a cam or tappet, in place of the ordinary heart cam or tappet,
of a volute or such like form, with a rapid descent from the point of greatest
radius to that of the least, which, whilst it admits of the progressive traverse
in one direction, effects the rapid one in the other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick William Mowbray in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 21st August 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
WILLIAM MOWBRAY, of Saltaire, near Bradford, in the County of York,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Frederick William Mowbray, Her special licence that I, the said
Frederick Willian Mowbray, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Frederick William Mowbray, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Frederick William Mowbray, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick William Mowbray, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
In spinning and doubling machinery it is usual to give motion to the parts
in such manner that the thread or yarn may be laid on to the cop or pirn

page_text: progressively from one end of each traverse to the other, and back again in a
similar manner, so that the successive layers of. thread are alike in character,
differing only in direction of inclination, and this motion is effected by the use
of the heart-shaped cam or tappet to actuate such parts; but I have found
that considerable benefit is obtained .by.causing the yarn or thread, whilst
being spun or doubled, to be laid on to the cop or pirn at a much greater.
angle in one direction of traverse than in the other; and I effect this by the
employment of a cam or tappet, in place of the ordinary heart cam or tappet,
of a volute or such like form with a rapid descent from the point of greatest
radius to that of the least, which, whilst it admits of the progressive traverse
in one direction, effects the rapid one in the other.
In order to explain these improvements, I have not thought it necessary to
show a spinning or a doubling frame, but simply a cam or tappet of a form
which I have found to answer well in effecting my improvements, and which
bas simply to be placed in the position of the ordinary heart cam heretofore
used to give the necessary movements to the parts by which the thread or yarn
is progressively laid on the cop or pirn.
Figure 1 shows a Drawing of a cam or tappet according to my improve-
ments; I would, however, wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself
to that precise form so long as it is capable of effecting a gradual traverse of
the thread in one direction upon the cop or pirn, and a comparatively rapid
one in the opposite direction.
Figure 2 shows a cop or pirn filled according to my Invention; the
transverse colored lines a representing the coils of yarn or thread effected
by the operation of that part of the cam or tappet, Figure 1, from c to d,
during the traverse for laying on of thread to the cop or pirn in one direction,
and the line b representing the coils effected during the traverse for laying the
thread on to the cop or pirn in the opposite direction and during the opera-
tion of that part of the cam or tappet, Figure 1, from d to c.
I do not,
however, confine myself to the degree of inclination of the thread or the
number of coils obtained during each traverse, as such may be varied. And
I would here state I am aware that it is not new to employ a motion such
as I have described when winding thread or yarn on to cops or pirns from
bobbins in a winding frame, as such was adapted by me some years past, and
has since been used by others. And I mention this in order more fully to
state that these improvements only apply when laying on to cops or pirns
whilst spinning or doubling in a spinning or doubling frame, by which
adaptation the thread or yarn is laid on to the cop or pirn so as to allow of its
being drawn off with greater facility in the weaving.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the means
which I adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim is, the effecting the traverse motion, by which in spinning.
and doubling frames the: thread or yarn is laid on to the cop or pirn, in such
manner that 'the thread may be laid at a greater angle or inclination in one
direction of traverse than in the other.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Mowbray, have
. hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
JONATHAN HOLDSWORTH.
FRED WN MOWBRAY. (L.S.)