IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CROCHET-LIKE 65 EDGINGS AND PILLARS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Booth, of New Basford, Nottingham, for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CROCHET-LIKE
65
EDGINGS AND PILLARS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Booth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th September 1880.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
JOSEPH BOOTH, of New Basford, Nottingham.
FACTURE OF CROCHET LIKE EDGINGS AND PILLARS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in crochet like edgings and
pillars. In order to produce in the lace machine a closer imitation of crochet
edgings than has hitherto been made, I first prepare a pillar or cord which has the
appearance of a crochet pillar, and I afterwards in the lace machine interweave
this previously prepared pillar with other crochet like pillars which are produced
by the lace machine as the work proceeds. The Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed
gives a general idea of the sort of ornamental edging to which I refer; it has in it
a cord or pillar a (or it may be more than one), which traverses to and fro and is
combined with other longitudinal pillars b, b, b.
The pillar a I previously prepare from four threads, which I combine to form a
crochet like pillar in the following manner :-
I have the four threads on four bobbins, which I may call v, w, x, and y. Suppose
v to be opposite to x, and w to be opposite to y, I make v and to change places,
crossing over between w and y; I then similarly make w and y to change places,
crossing over between vand x, and so on alternately, and these motions are made
in such a way that the threads and x, twist together continuously, and the threads
w and y also twist together continuously but in the opposite direction. The cord
which is thus produced is represented in diagram by Figure 2 of the Drawings;
it serves for the pillar marked a in Figure 1. It is worked in the lace machine by
a middle bar, and the pillars b, b, b, are then produced, and are wrought with it
so as to produce the crochet like edging. In order that the pillars b also may
have a crochet like appearance, they are produced in the manner indicated in
diagram in Figure 3, and the draft for working them, either with one or more
bobbins (two is preferred), and either with three or four warp threads, is given in
the table which forms Figure 4 of the Drawings.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Booth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th March
1881.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
JOSEPH BOOTH, of New Basford, Nottingham.
FACTURE OF CROCHET LIKE EDGINGS AND PILLARS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in crochet like edgings and
pillars. In order to produce in the lace machine a closer imitation of crochet
edgings than has hitherto beeen made, I first prepare a pillar or cord which has
the appearance of a crochet pillar, and I afterwards in the lace machine interweave
this previously prepared pillar with other crochet like pillars which are produced
by the lace machine as the work proceeds. The Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed
gives a general idea of the sort of ornamental edging to which I refer; it has in it
a cord or pillar a (or it may be more than one), which traverses to and fro and is
combined with other longitudinal pillars b, b, b.
The pillar a I previously prepare from four threads, which I combine to form a
crochet like pillar in the following manner:-
I have the four threads on four bobbins, which I may call v, w, x, and y. Suppose
v to be opposite to x, and w to be opposite to y, I make vand x to change places,
crossing over between wand y; I then similarly make w and y to change places,
crossing over between v and x, and so on alternately, and these motions are made in
such a way that the threads v and a twist together continuously, and the threads
w and y also twist together continuously, but in the opposite direction. The cord
which is thus produced is represented in diagram by Figure 2 of the Drawings; it
serves for the pillar marked a in Figure 1. It is worked in the lace machine by a
middle bar, and the pillars b, b, b, are then produced, and are wrought with it so as
to produce the crochet like edging. In order that the pillars b also may have a
crochet like appearance, they are produced in the manner indicated in diagram,
in Figure 3, and the draft for working them, either with one or more bobbins (two
is preferred), and either with three or four warp threads is given in the table which
forms Figure 4 of the Drawings.
When the pillars b are made with two bobbin threads and four warp threads,
which is the method of construction which I prefer, two of the warp threads are
front and two are back threads, that is to say, two of the warp threads of each
pillar should stand in the machine in front of the previously prepared pillars a, a,
and two of the warp threads of each pillar b should stand behind. The back warp
threads of this pillar, as shown by the Diagrams 3 and 4, cross in front of the
carriages whilst the carriages and bobbins are at the back, and the front warp
threads cross when the carriages and bobbins are at the front of the machine.
Whatever may be the number of bobbin threads in the pillar, the method of its
construction remains substantially the same as appears clearly from the diagrams;
also, as the diagram shows, the pillar may be made with three warp threads. The
cycle of operations for the production of this pillar requires two complete front and
back motions of the machine; or the operations may be distributed over a greater
number of motions when to accomodate other parts of the work this may be
desirable.
The pillars a are prepared by plaiting before they are worked in the lace machine,
and the plait preferred is that which I have already described; this plait may be
made in a plaiting machine of simple construction, in which the motions described
are given to four shuttle like bobbins carrying the threads. Although the plait of
four threads, which I have described, produces the best effect, and therefore is that
which I recommend, nevertheless other plaits having a crochet like appearance
similar to that of the machine pillars b may be employed.

page_text: The previously prepared plaited pillar a should be worked in the machine as a
middle warp, and each time that the pillar a is taken through from one side to the
other of a pillar b it becomes securely fastened to it by the movement of the back
and front threads.
Figure 1 represents the formation of spots in the midst of the edging by means
of the pillars a and b. Figure 1b represents open work, such as there may be at
the back edge of the width of edging.
The pillars of these edges, although not actually looped in the same way as in
crochet work, have nevertheless a very similar appearance.
What I claim is,—
First. The production, in the lace machine of the crochet like pillars b, b, forming
parts of a lace fabric, substantially in the manner described in respect to Figures 3
and 4 of the annexed Drawings.
Second. Combining such crochet like pillars b, b', into a fabric by means of
other pillars of a similar appearance first prepared by plaiting, and then worked in
the machine, substantially in the manner described.
Third. My improved crochet like edgings, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Booth, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-one.
T POOTT
J. BOOTH. (L.S.)