Improvements in Pumping Apparatus and Compressors.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1898-Accepted, 5th Mar.,
1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumping Apparatus and Compressors.
I, LOUIS MARIE GABRIEL DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE, of 1, Rue de l'Ermitage, St.
Denis (Seine), in the Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to pumping apparatus and compressors which I will
describe as applied to a pump with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figures 1 to 11 represent an arrangement for fixing the seats of the clack valves in
groups.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on the line X-X of Figure 2 which is a front
elevation of a vertical feed pump constructed in accordance with my invention.
The left hand half of Figure 3 shews the cylinder in plan, whilst the right hand
half represents a section on the line Z-Z of Figure 2.
Figure 4 represents a half plan and half section of the pump (on the line V-V
of Figure 1) and of the frame (on the line V-V of Figure 1).
Figure 5 is a section through the axis of the clack valve casing the section being
taken on the line X-X of Figure 6, which is a section on the line Y-Y of
Figure 5; Figure 7 is a section on the line Z-Z of Figure 5. Figure 8 is a section
on the line T-T of Figure 5. Figure 9 is a section on the line V-V of Figure 5,
the clack valves being removed and Figure 10 is a section on the line U-U of
Figure 5 shewing the clack valves in place.
Figures 11 to 16 represent an arrangement for fixing individually the seats of
the externally guided annular clack valves, the guides forming integral part of the
seats.
Figure 11 is a cross section on the line Z-Z-Z-Z of Figure 12, which is a half
plan of a pump according to my invention.
Figure 13 is a vertical section of a clack valve and its guard the section being
taken on the lines T-T, TT of Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a section on the line X-X of Figure 13.
Figure 15 is a section on the line Y-Y of Figure 13 with the clack valve removed.
Figure 16 is a vertical section of a clack valve, provided with a spring.
1 represents the steam cylinder, and 2 represents its piston, which may be con-
structed like the piston of a motor: 3 is the piston rod; 4 is the slide valve casing,
in which operates the cylindrical slide valve, 5, provided with interior washers and
counterwashers. The steam enters at 6, and exhausts at 7, which may be at the
right, or left, hand side, as may be most convenient. 8 is the slide valve rod; 9 is
the pump cylinder and 10 the piston thereof, which may be provided with seg-
ments of hardened india-rubber with a washer between the segments; the arrange-
ments for tightening can be similar to those employed for steam pistons; 11 is the
rod of the pump piston; 12 is the coupling for the two piston rods, 3 and 11, this,
at the termination of the stroke, acting as a tappet to operate the fork 13, which
actuates the steam distributing slide through the connecting rod 14; 15 is a vertical
frame upon which the steam and pump cylinders are fixed. This frame is hollow
and open at front.

page_text: The steam cylinder 1 is fixed to the frame 15, by its bottom flange; so that it can
freely expand and contract without its axis being displaced and therefore the said
cylinder will not be worn out of circular shape. 16 is the clack valve casing, com-
municating with the lower end of the pump cylinder 9, by the channel 17, divided
by a vertical diaphragm. 18 is the clack-valve casing communicating with the
upper end of the pump cylinder 9, by the channel 19, which is likewise divided by
a diaphragm. These two clack valve casings 16 and 18 communicate with the
common suction pipe 20 and with the discharge, or rising main, 21. 22 is the flap
valve for the discharge from the upper end of the pump cylinder; this flap valve
serves to close the orifice 23, which places the suction and the discharge in communi-
cation, when the piston commences to lift the flap-valve at the end of the stroke;
24 is the flap valve for the discharge from the lower end of the pump cylinder.
The piston 10 actuates the lever 25, which raises the flap-valve 24 by means of the
connecting rod 26, the upper end of which slides in a curved orifice in a guide as
shown in Figure 1. The suction and outlet clack valves are represented in detail
and on a larger scale in Figures 5 to 10.
27 represents the seats and the guides of the suction clack valves provided with
annular clacks 28, 28; 29 represents the seats and the guides of the outlet clack
valves, provided with annular clacks 30, 30, 30. The clacks for the suction and
outlet are provided in greater, or smaller, number, in accordance with the capacity
of the pump; 31 is the cover of the clack valve casing 18; 32 is the bolt for fixing
the seats of the clack valves in the casing 18.
The pump is double acting. The steam cylinder is controlled by the cylindrical
slide valve 5. The piston rods of the steam cylinder and of the pump cylinder are
connected to the same cross-head which acts as a tappet to operate the steam valve
through the fork 13 as aforesaid.
The seat 27 of the suction clack valves is mounted in the lower part of the
casing 18, and the said scat carries, in its upper part, the clack valve guides, which
are integral with the said seat. The proper position of the seat 27 is ensured by the
guide 33 (Figure 6). The seat. 29 of the outlet clack valves is mounted in the upper
part of the casing 18, and carries, at its upper part, the clack valve guides which are
integral therewith; the lower part of the seat 29 serves as a guard for the suction
clack valves 28. The correct position of the seat 29 is also ensured by a guide which
engages with the notch 34 (Figure 9) and is similar to the guide 33 (Figure 6).
The cover 31 of the casing 18 carries at the lower part the guards (also marked 31)
of the outlet clack valves 30. The correct position of this cover is ensured by a
notch at 35 (Figures 2 and 4) which bears against a similar notch of the cover of
the other clack valve casing 16. These guides 33, 34 and 35 prevent the various
parts being placed in incorrect positions, and ensure the guards taking up their
proper positions above their clack valves."
Instead of being fixed in a group, the seats for the said clack valves may be fixed
independently. An arrangement of this kind is represented by way of example
in Figures 10 to 16.
•
The pump cylinder 36 is fixed to the frame by its flange 37; 38 is a wall on which
the seats of the suction valves are mounted. Each seat 39 of the valves has formed
integral therewith the guides (also marked 39) for the suction valves. These seats
are screwed into the wall 38 by means of a key which engages with notches 40
(Figures 13, 15 and 16): 41 are the annular suction clacks, or valves; they are
guided externally by the guides formed on the upper parts of the seats 39; 42 are
the guards for the suction valves formed integral with a piece (also marked 42)
screwed into the upper wall 43 of the pump by means of a key which engages with
the recesses 44 of the guardheads.
The projection 45 formed on the lower part of each guard serves to prevent the
corresponding seat of the clack valve from rising should it become accidentally
unscrewed.
The outlet clack valves are arranged on the wall 46 of the pump in a manner
analogous to that described with reference to the suction clack valves:

page_text: The seats of the clack valves are all alike and their upper parts are bored
internally to the same extent, so that the said valves are always properly guided and
seat themselves accurately.
The bed walls 38 and 43 are bored out in the same line and are screw-threaded
alike.
The annular clack-valves thus arranged and guided according to my invention
may be applied to pumps of any description. The said clack-valves may be fitted
with springs which at the proper moment return the clack-valves to their seat. An
arrangement on this plan is shewn in Figure 16 wherein 47 is the spring whilst
the other reference numerals indicate the same parts as those shewn in Figures 10
to 15.
The dimensions of the pump and also the dimensions and the number of clack-
valves, and their grouping and metal of which they are made, may be varied
according to requirement.
The pump operates as follows:-
The steam eutering at 6 expands in the slide valve box 4 and the cylindrical
slide valve 5 distributes it to the cylinder 1 from which, after acting on the piston,
it exhausts through 7, the slide valve being operated from the piston 2, through the
cross-head 12, fork 13, and connecting rod 14, and the piston 10 of the pump
cylinder 9 is driven directly by the piston of the steam cylinder. The water enters,
The first
through the passage 20, the lower parts of the valve boxes 16 and 18.
stroke of the piston 10 causes the water to pass the clack-valves 28, and to enter the
pump cylinder 9; at the following reverse stroke of the piston the water so admitted
At the
is forced through the clack valves 30 into the outlet, or rising main, 21.
end of each stroke, the flap-valve 22, or 24, opens the orifice 23, which places the
suction, and the discharge in communication, increasing the speed of the piston and
and reversing.
rendering easy the removal of the slide valve
The advantages of the hereinbefore described annular externally guided clack
valves, in which the guides are integral with the seats are, that owing to the annular
shape, when quite opened, the section for the passage of the water is considerably
increased for the same lift of the clack valves, and, as the guides are integral with
the seats, and as they are bored out simultaneously with them, the clack valves are
most accurately guided and the guides cannot get out of order. Further, as the
guides for each clack valve are outside thereof, and of larger diameter than that of
the seat, each of the clack valves is always properly held in place along its axis
and descends very exactly upon its seat.
My invention may be applied to compressors and pumps for pumping and com-
pressing fluids generally I do not limit myself to the precise details shewn in the
drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. For pumping apparatus and compressors, annular clack valves, guided by
guides which are external to the valves and integral with the seat, the said clack
valves being composed of two pieces, one of which is stationary and forms the seat
and guides of the valve and comprises the conduits necessary for the inlet and the
outlet of fluid, and the other of which is movable and constitutes the clack valve
proper, which moves freely in the said guides and is adapted to exactly stop the
annular section passage substantially as herein described and represented more
particularly in Figure 13 of the accompanying drawings..
2. The combination of the vertical pump, or compressor, provided with an annular
clack valve, or annular clack valves, described and claimed, the characteristic
feature of the said combination being the method of grouping the valves in a valve
box, or valve boxes, in such a manner that the seats of the outlet valves serve as
5 an abutment, or guard, for the suction valves; substantially as herein described
with reference to Figures 3 to 10 of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 3. In pumps and compressors the combination of separate annular externally
guided clack valves in which the guides are integral with the seat; substantially
as herein described with reference to Figures 11 to 16 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of February 1898.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.