Improvements in Kneading Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 16th June, 1896-Accepted, 1st Aug., 1896
Improvements in Kneading Machines.
We, JEAN BAPTISTE LAFFOND and MARC CHAUVIN, both of 3, Rue des
Quatre Patissiers Marseilles, in the Republic of France, Bakers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to kneading machines and the object is to construct an
improved machine capable of being driven at different rates of speed and in which
the temperature may be controlled.
The improved machine comprises a large rotary wooden vessel or pan lined
with sheet-iron, open above and adapted to revolve on its vertical central axis.
It is provided beneath with a bevelled toothed ring to be driven by a bevelled
pinion on the shaft of which is a disk with two or more circles of teeth constituting
a double crown wheel to be driven by a pinion keyed upon a lateral vertical shaft
said pinion being movable to drive the pan at either of two speeds or to be disengaged
from either set of teeth on the crown wheel when the pan is to remain at rest.
Across the pan the frame of the machine carries a beam in which are journalled
the upper end of the pan shaft and also the bearings of shafts carrying oval sectioned
vertical rollers or bodies dipping to the bottom of the pan. These roller shafts
have worm-wheels at their upper ends to engage with endless screws on a cross
shaft on the one end of which are two driving pulleys of different sizes and the
other gear worm or other gear to drive the aforesaid lateral vertical shaft which
rotates the pan.
The aforesaid oval rollers are hollow and adapted to be heated by hot water or
steam, or cooled by cold water or ice according to the temperature desired.
Dated this 19th day of September 1895
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applican S.
We, JEAN BAPTISTE LAFFOND, and MARC CHAUVIN, of 3 Rue des Quatre
Patissiers, Marseilles, in the Republic of France, Bakers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to kneading machines and the object is to construct an
improved machine capable of being driven at different rates of speed, and in which
the temperature may be controlled.
The improved machine comprises a large rotary wooden vessel or pan lined with
sheet iron, open above and adapted to revolve on its vertical central axis. It is
provided beneath with a bevelled toothed ring to be driven by a bevelled pinion on
the shaft of which is a disc with two or more circles of teeth constituting a double
[Price 3d.]

page_text: is composed of
The pan of wood A lined with sheet iron and turning on the fixed shaft C. The
oval rollers of cast iron B used for kneading. These rollers are hollow as aforesaid
to regulate the temperature to be given to the dough.
A fixed shaft C bearing the pan, below which it rests on a cross piece of cast
iron.
Screw D commanding the screw wheels E.
Screw wheels E driving the kneading rollers and the pan.
A double crown wheel F for driving the pan at different speeds when mixing
water and flour or when kneading.
A bevelled gear G turning the pan to bring the dough to the kneading rollers.
A frame H of cast iron.
A cross piece 1 of cast iron fixed by bolts to the frame H which it binds serving
also as a pivot to the vertical shaft.
Iron vertical scrapers J for cleaning the rollers during the rotation.
A lever K to move the pinion from or to the large or small crown to regulate the
speed.
A small main pulley L for giving great speed when dissolving or mixing in the
yeast.
A large main pulley M to give the speed necessary for kneading.
Friction rollers N for supporting the pan and fixed on each stage of the frame.
A cross piece of cast iron O, the bosses of which serve as bearings for the rollers
and on which the scrapers are fixed.
A counter P for pan A.
Bearings Q fixed to the cross piece O supporting the cross shaft of the endless
screws.
Pillars of cast iron R serving as bearing to the shaft of the double crown
wheel.
With our kneading machine called "Le Phenix" the kneading is a perfect
imitation of the work done by hand, a result which no one has hitherto been able
to obtain. The dough contained in the pan A arrives at the oval rollers B and is
gripped, compressed, torn, and thrown out again by their rotary motion.
Pan A has below it a circular row of teeth and is turned by means of its
pinion G, it is sustained by the friction rollers N which insure the regularity of
its movements.
But the special feature of our invention is the cavity inside and through the
whole length of the rollers which permits of filling them with hot or cold water
or of introducing steam or ice to keep the dough at an equal temperature in all
seasons.

page_text: The apparatus has two different forms of speed
To this effect and by means
1. High speed for dissolving the yeast with water.
of the lever K, the pinion is brought between the two crowns of the crown work F.
The pan stops and a pair of rollers driven by the small pulley L completes the
mixture in a space restricted by two planks. This done the two planks are with-
drawn and the pan is again put into motion by gearing the pinion with the smaller
crown which will drive the rollers at their highest speed.
2. This operation concluded the driving belt is fixed at the high speed and the
pinion on the large crown to operate the kneading which may be accomplished in
less than fifty minutes.
The apparatus makes hard and soft dough; it disintegrates the oatmeal and
groats. A bread of superior quality and quantity may be thus obtained.
The cleaning is done automatically, the kneading machine is always clean and as
it is constructed simply and solidly it will last indefinitely.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The kneading machine with rollers, and adjustable temperature substantially
as illustrated and described.
2. In a kneading machine, oval rollers of cast iron or other metal for kneading
substantially as set forth.
3. In a kneading machine, hollow oval rollers of cast iron or any other metal
fitted for the purpose of being filled with hot or cold water, steam, or ice, for
regulating the temperature of the dough as described and specified.
Dated this 16th day of June 1896.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents for Applicants.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents for Applicants.