NEW OR IMPROVED MODES OR MEANS AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE PICKLING OF METAL PLATES TO BE COATED WITH TIN, TERNE, OR OTHER. METAL
Year: 1874

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Gething, David,
Jenkins, and Sankey Gardner at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 3rd March 1874.
We, WILLIAM GETHING, DAVID JENKINS, and SANKEY GARDNER, all,
of Neath, in the County of Glamorgan, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MODES OR MEANS AND MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR THE PICKLING OF METAL PLATES TO BE COATED WITH TIN,
TERNE, OR OTHER. METAL," to be as follows :—
According to our Invention we employ a vessel or receptacle made of
cast iron or other metal sufficiently large to receive the acid vessel. The

page_text: outer vessel contains water which is admitted by an inlet pipe and
escapes by an outlet pipe, so that there may be a free current of water
through the vessel if required. There are ribs, projections, or stands in
the bottom of the outer vessel in which the vessel containing the acid
rests, or the acid vessel may be provided with legs or supports, the
object being to prevent the bottom of one vessel touching the bottom of
the other, and thereby impeding the free circulation of tho water. At
or near the bottom of the acid containing vessel there is a compartment
or shelf under or beneath which a series of steam pipes are led from a
main pipe, and in such manner that the steam can be cut off or admitted
when desired; the steam pipes are perforated or open at their ends, so
that there may be a free admission of steam into and at or near the
lower part of the acid containing vessel. In the acid vessel we place a
frame with perforated plates forming compartments at convenient
distances apart for the reception of the metal plates to be pickled.
The operation is as follows:-Acid diluted with water is poured in the
acid vessel and the plates to be pickled are placed in the several com-
partments in the frame; water is caused to fill the outer vessel and to
circulate through same cold, and steam is admitted into the pipes which
thereby entering the vessel containing the acid, the latter is kept in
continual agitation or motion and is caused to circulate through the
perforated divisions of the frame, and to act on every part of the metal
plates placed therein. The degree of temperature of the acid bath being
regulated by the outer vessel, and the water circulating through it as
well as by the steam admitted into the pickle or acid bath.
When the plates are sufficiently pickled they are removed and
subsequently washed and treated in the ordinary way, and the bath is
ready to receive a fresh supply of plates..
By our Invention the use of sawdust, sand, or other material for
separating the plates when in the pickle is rendered unnecessary, a
considerable saving in time, labour, and of material employed is effected,
while at the same time the pickling is better done than heretofore.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Gething, David Jenkins, and Sankey
Gardner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd September
1874.
}
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc,
WILLIAM
GETHING, DAVID JENKINS, and SANKEY GARDNER, all of Neath, in tho
County of Glamorgan, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Gething, David Jenkins, and
Sankey Gardner, Her special licence that we, the said William Gothing,
David Jenkins, and Sankey Gardner, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said William Gething, David Jenkins,
and Sankey Gardner, our executors, administrators, and assigns; should
at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MODES OR MEANS AND MACHINERY.OR
APPARATUS FOR PICKLING OF METAL PLATES TO BE COATED WITH TIN,
TERNE, OR OTHER METAL," upon the condition (amongst others), that we,
the said William Gething, David Jenkins, and Sankey Gardner, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and.
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
1.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Gething, David Jenkins,
and Sankey Gardner, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon, that is to say :-
:-

page_text: According to our Invention we employ a vessel or receptacle made of
cast iron or other metal or material sufficiently large to receive one, two,
or more if necessary of the acid vessels. The outer vessel contains
water which is admitted by an inlet pipe and escapes by an outlet.pipc,
so that there may be a free current of water through the vessel when
required. There are ribs, projections, or stands in the bottom of the
outer vessel in which the vessel containing the acid rests, or the acid
vessel may be provided with legs or supports, the object being to prevent
the bottom of one vessel touching the bottom of the other, and thereby
impeding the free circulation of the water. At or near the bottom of
the acid or pickle containing vessel there is a compartment or shelf
under or beneath which two or more steam pipes, in proportion to the
size of the vessel, are led from a main pipe, and in such manner that
the steam can be cut off and regulated as desired; the steam pipes arc
open at their ends, so that there may be a free admission of steam into
and at or near the lower part of the acid containing vessel. In the acid
vessel we place a frame with perforated plates forming compartments at
convenient distances apart for the reception of the metal plates to be
pickled.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in which we prefer
to carry our Invention into effect.
Figure 1 is a top plan of apparatus constructed according to our
Invention with the cover between the acid vessel and water bath
removed.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through line a, b; and Figure 3 is a
similar section through line c, d, both of Fig. 1.
Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in all the Figures.
A is the outer vessel containing water which may be of any con-
venient size, although in the Drawing we show it suitable only for onc
pickle bath; B, inlet pipe; and C, outlet pipe to same; D is the acid
vessel made of lead; e, e, are ribs on which the acid vessel D rests, or
the ribs or legs may be on the acid vessel itself. The acid vessel D is
made larger at bottom than top having sweep or bulging out ends as
shewn in Drawings at Figure 2, in such manner that the acid or pickle
may be conveniently agitated by the action of the steam on it as more
fully hereafter described. E is the compartment or shelf at bottom of
acid vessel D; f, f, f, f, are the ribs on the under side of shelf E;

page_text: ff, are corresponding divisions or ribs on the bulging portions of tho
vessel D; g, g, are projections on the top on which the metal plates to
be pickled rest when placed in the bath. These projections may bo
made with a groove in them to receive iron bars vitrified, glazed, or
tinned, or copper or yellow metal bars tinned or glazed, or without such
coating. Figure 4 shews a view of shelf E with these bars applied;
g', g', are the bars placed in recesses on the shelf; F, F, F, F, are steam
pipes leading from the main steam pipe G to the under side of the shelf E
for conveying steam thereto, which may be cut off or turned on as
desired, for which purpose the main pipe G is fitted with a suitable tap
or taps. The pipes F are open at the ends h and their nozzles have a
slightly upward direction, as shown at Figure 2, in order to direct the
steam issuing from them in an upward direction as well as for forcing
the pickle all round the bath. His the frame with the perforated plates
or compartments between which the metal plates to be pickled aro
placed. The frame may have four or a greater or less number of
divisions in proportion to the size of the bath; K is cover between acid
vessel and water bath.
The operation is as follows:- -Water is first put in tho acid vessel D,
and then the acid is added to it to form the pickle, the plates to be
pickled are then placed in the compartments in the frame H, the number
of compartments varying according to the size of apparatus; water is
caused to fill the outer vessel A and to circulate through same cold, and
steam is admitted into the pipes G and F, which thereby entering the
vessel D containing the acid pickle at once in the direction of the bulging
curves. The acid pickle is thereby kept in continual agitation or motion,
and is caused to circulate through the perforated divisions of the frame H,
and to act on round and through every part of the pickle chamber and on
every part of the metal plates placed therein, the pickle alone reaching
the plates, the steam in its passage being partly condensed, the degree
of temperature of the acid pickle bath being regulated by the outer
vessel, and the water circulating through it as well as by the steam.
admitted into the pickle or acid bath. A pipe with tap or plug is
fitted in bottom of the acid pickle bath D, in order to run off the old or
waste pickle when required.
When the plates are sufficiently pickled they are removed and
1
and the hall

page_text: By our Invention the use of sawdust, sand, or other material for
separating the plates when in the pickle is rendered unnecessary, and
should not be used when employing our Invention; a considerable saving
in time, labour, and of acid is effected, while at the same time the
pickling is better and more expeditiously done than heretofore.
It is to be distinctly understood that one of the essential features in
this our Invention is the mode and means described for the employment
and introduction of steam into the acid bath D for the purpose of
pickling metal plates to be coated with tin, terne, or other metal; but at
the same time we are aware and wish it to be clearly understood that
simply the introduction of steam into the pickle bath is not new, neither
is it sufficient for the purposes of our Invention unless means are
adopted whereby the temperature of the acid bath can be judiciously
regulated during the pickling process; as for example in and by the
employment of the vessel A containing water as before described, as well
as by our steam appliances for forcing the pickle through every part of
the lead chamber, for we have found that the introduction of steam
alone into the said bath D during the pickling process, without the water
vessel, and our other appliances before described has not the desired
result of pickling the plates efficiently or properly, because when
steam is introduced into the acid bath direct without the acid vessel
being placed in the water bath, and without our appliances as aforesaid
the plates are liable to become blistered, their surface discoloured, and
consequently they will be unsuitable or defective for the tinning
process; whereas by our Invention the pickling is most effectively
accomplished.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,―
First. The pickling of metal plates to be coated with tin, terne, or
other metal by placing the plates to be pickled in a bath containing
pickle into which steam is forced, the said pickle bath being placed in
an outer vessel containing water for regulating the temperature of the
pickle in the bath, all substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The pickling of metal plates to be coated with tin, terne, or
other metal in and by the employment of machinery or apparatus con-
structed and operating substantially in the manner herein-before

page_text: described and illustrated with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, of the
ccompanying Drawings, together with any mere modifications thereof.
In witness whercof, we, the said William Gething, David Jenkins,
and Sankey Gardner, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord Ong
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four..
WILLIAM GETHING. (L.S.)
DAVID JENKINS.
(L.S.)
SANKEY GARDNER. (L.S.)