matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINES."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harry Stanwix at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1876.
HARRY STANWIX, of Leeds, in the County of York.
GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
I provide a shaft or mandrel, on which are mounted and fixed any number of
polishing or grinding wheels. The ends of the shaft. or mandrel are formed to run
in conical bearings, which I by preference make of brass, though not necessarily so,
and fit them into brackets carried on suitable framework. The bearings are made
adjustable by set screw and lock nut arrangement. Through the axis of cach
bearing I provide a passago, through which oil or other suitable lubricating sub-
stance is conveyed to the bearings from oil cups fitted at the outer end of each
bearing. By this means a continuous supply of lubricating substance passes from
the oil cups through the passages to the conical bearings, so that the polishing and
grinding wheels can be allowed to revolvo at much higher speeds than on machines
at present in use, owing to the self-acting and ready means of lubricating the
bearings, by which they are kept perfectly cool.
I provide one or more driving pulleys on the shaft or mandrel, through which
motion is communicated thereto from suitable motive power.
•
The machine or apparatus may be fitted to any table, bench, or other suitable
place.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUCKLES AND STRAPS, OR BELTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isidor Frankenburg at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th November 1876.
ISIDOR FRANKENBURG, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer
of Leather Goods. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUCKLES AND
STRAPS, OR BELTS."
The object of my Invention is to render buckles and straps, or belts, reversible,
that is to say, so that by reversing the position of the tongue of the buckle and
the strap or belt, the same strap or belt may be worn or used with either side
outwards.
Each side of the buckle is finished and made of a different colour or material, or
both sides may be of the same colour or material, and in double buckles the tongue
is jointed to a pin or cross bar, placed rather nearer one end than the other, so that
in reversing, the tongue may pass freely round, or the pin or cross bar of the tongue
is cranked to effect the same object. The strap or belt is also made of a different
colour or finish at each side, and the end is fixed as usual to the pin or cross bar of
the buckle; this end is slotted to allow the tongue to pass when reversing the strap
or belt, or instead of bending the end of the strap or belt round the pin or cross bar
in the usual manner, I connect the said end to the pin or cross bar by means of thin
metal clamps or bridles; these clamps or bridles are also applicable for connecting
the swivels to courier and other straps, and for connecting buckles to straps or belts
of every description.
By means of this Invention, when applied to ladies' belts, the same belt may be
adapted to two dresses of different colours.
1
PROVEMENTS IN RINK SKATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolphe Boursot at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th February 1876.
ADOLPHE BOURSOT, of Hyde Park, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman.
PROVEMENTS IN RINK SKATES."
"IM-
The object of my Invention is to provide rink or roller skates with wheels, by
means of which the action of the skater will resemble as much as possible that of
the skater upon ice with the ordinary skate.
My Invention consists principally in forming the wheels for rink skates preferably
of toughened glass or china ware with slightly rounded peripheries, or with the edges
thereof slightly rounded, and in applying to each side of the wheel so formed a disc
of india-rubber, gutta percha, leather, or analogous substance tightly compressed
thereon, by means of another disc of metal or other material, so placed as to cover
all but the edges of the disc of india-rubber or other substance, thus allowing the
latter to bulge out or project between the side of the wheel and the metal disc, so
as to form an additional edge on each side of the wheel.
The size of the discs of india-rubber or other material is so arranged that when
compressed against the wheels their diameters shall be a little less than the diameter
of the central wheel at its greatest circumference.
I prefer to use toughened glass or china ware for my central wheels, but I may
use metal, wood, or any other substance from which wheels or rollers of small
diameter can be constructed.
I propose to place three of my composite wheels constructed as above upon rink
skates in the same line so as to resemble an ordinary ice skate.
PROVEMENTS IN THE FASTENINGS OF RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS AND OTHER SIMILAR LIGHT RAILWAYS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Cocker the younger at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April 1876.
"IMI-
SAMUEL COCKER the younger, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Agent.
PROVEMENTS IN THE FASTENINGS OF RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS AND OTHER SIMILAR
LIGHT RAILWAYS."
My Invention relates to means of securing the rails of tramways and similar light
railways to the chairs in an expeditious manner, and so as to admit of their being
readily removed for repairs with very little damage to the road, and it consists
principally in forming Ĺ shaped slots at the required distance in the flanges of the
rail, such rail for example having two pendent flanges (as in the rail known as
Kincaird's) and in providing corresponding projections which may be formed by the
ends of a pin projecting through each side of the top of the chair. In attaching the
rail to the chairs, the rail (so provided with slots) is lowered so that the projecting
pins on the sides of the chair enter the slots, and when the rail rests on the top
surface of the chair the pins are opposite to the other portion of the slot, namely,
that portion which is at right angles with the first part or entrance, the rail is then
moved forward horizontally and the pin entering the horizontal part of the slot
effectually secures the rail to the chair. The slots and pins are so arranged
that when the rails are in position, the end of one rail abuts against the
next.
The L shaped slot may, if desired, be formed in the top of the chair and a bar or
pin be passed through the flanges of the rail for engaging in the slot formed in the
top of the chair.
The slot may be made T shaped in lieu of L shaped if preferred.
I also propose to employ slotted holes in the rail through which pass pins driven
through holes in the chair so as to allow for expansion.
AN IMPROVED PENCIL POINT PROTECTOR AND HOLDER
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lewis Wolff at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th November 1876.
LEWIS WOLFF, of the Firm of Messrs. Wolff and Son, of Great Queen Street,
Lincoln's Inn Fields, London. "AN IMPROVED PENCIL POINT PROTECTOR AND
HOLDER."
The object of this Invention is to prevent the point of a lead pencil from being
broken when carried in the pocket of the user, and this point protector may also be
employed as a pencil holder, whereby a small piece of pencil may be conveniently
used. The cedar pencil, which may be of any convenient length, but that which
readily permits of the pencil being carried in the vest pocket is preferred, has a
screw thread of any convenient pitch cut out of the superficies. The point protector
is a small tube of metal on which a screw thread coinciding with the thread on the
pencil is impressed. The pencil is inserted in this tube, in the threads of which it
may be readily moved backwards or forwards. By causing the tube to project a
little over the point of the pencil the lead point will be preserved in the pocket fit
for use. By simply giving the pencil a forward revolution the tube may be revolved
backwards, and projected over the opposite end of the pencil by which it will form
a holder, for a short piece of pencil when increased length is desirable.
AN IMPROVED CUSHION FOR BILLIARD TABLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur A. Leaker. at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th May 1876.
.
ARTHUB A LEAKER, of Victoria Street, Bristol, in the County of Gloucester.
"AN IMPROVED CUSHION FOR BILLIARD TABLES."
This Invention relates to an improved cushion to be applied to billiard tables,
and consists in forming the cushion in the peculiar manner herein specified, that is
to say:-The said cushion is a tube of india-rubber, either in its native condition
or vulcanized or mineralized, of suitable diameter, and air-tight. The ends of the
said tube or tubular cushion aro made taper to adapt them to the curves of tho
billiard table to which they are applied, and to form the pockets of the same. The
said tube or tubular cushion has along one side an internal longitudinal strip of
india-rubber or other suitable material which may extend partially or entirely
through the said tube, and which receives the blow of the balls when the cushion
is struck very hard. The said india-rubber tubes or tubular cushions are to be
inflated with air, gas, or other fluid, and for this purpose are provided with a small
feed pipe, which has an air-tight valve or stopper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING AIR
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Feather at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th August 1870.
THOMAS FEATHER, of Liversedge, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING AIR."
This Invention relates to improved construction of machinery or apparatus to be
employed for compressing air for purpose of operating coal cutting machines and
other like uses.
I employ by preference four cylinders (two pairs) open at the top, that is to say,
cylinders, lids, or covers are not used.
The cylinders are in the horizontal position, and the piston rods are all connected
to one cross head working in ordinary slide head; each piston is provided with a
valve, and at one end of each pair of cylinders is an air chamber or receiver,
likewise provided with a valve. When the pistons move in the direction of the air
chamber or receivers the valves in the pistons are closed, and compress and force
the air through the valve of the air chamber, the latter valve then closes and traps
the air within the air chamber. On the pistons receeding the valves therein open
and admit air to the interior of the cylinders, preventing formation of vacuum, and
providing air to be forced into the air chambers on the next stroke of the pistons, as
already described. The air from the "air chamber" thence passes by pipes to other
cylinders and pistons, valves being provided which admit the air to the back of the
pistons, and so utilize the force; from the latter cylinders the air is forced by way
of pipe or pipes and valves into a general receiver or "store" vessel.
It will be understood that the first mover of the several pistous is as usual a
steam engine or other motive power, and that there is crank, fly wheel, and gear
wheels, arranged so as to economize the power of the first or prime mover.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING TO STOCK BROKERS, MERCHANTS, AND OTHERS, CERTAIN DATES ON WHICH CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS ARE TO BE EFFECTED
Year: 1876

page_text: '
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Couchman Beedell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1876.
EDWARD COUCHMAN BEEDELL, of the Firm of E. Couchman and Company, of
Throgmorton Street, in the City of London, Printers. "A NEW OR IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING TO STOCK BROKERS, MERCHANTS, AND OTHERS, CERTAIN
DATES ON WHICH CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS ARE TO BE EFFECTED."
The object of this Invention is to construct apparatus in such manner for use in
offices and elsewhere, as to enable stock brokers, inerchants, and others to see at a
glance certain dates, numbers, inscriptions, or the like contained therein, in reference
to their various business avocations.
For the purposes of the Invention I mount in a case or frame two or more series
or sets of rollers, over which I place strips of paper or other material bearing the
requisite numbers or dates, as also the names of the months, or any other desired
inscriptions, devices, or designs. By turning a knob or handle on the outside of
the case mounted on the axis of cach roller, I set the apparatus to the desired dates
on which certain transactions are to be effected. A sheet of cardboard or other
equivalent material placed in front of the rollers bears the desired inscriptions
which may be printed, stamped, or otherwise marked thereon, such inscription
corresponding with the number rollers. Spaces or openings are provided in this
sheet to permit the number or name on the rollers to be clearly seen, as also to
allow the date or number to be set to the required inscription, such inscription
being the transaction it is desired to keep in view. A plate of glass placed over the
cardboard keeps it clean.
PROVEMENTS IN FOUNDATIONS FOR STREET PAVING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Boggett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1876.
WILLIAM BOGGETT, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman.
PROVEMENTS IN FOUNDATIONS FOR STREET PAVING."
"IM-
No kind of paving, however substantial the upper materials may be, can long
withstand the effects of constant heavy traffic where a solid incompressible
foundation is wanting. To supply such want is the object of my Invention, which
I accomplish in the following manner:
Before laying the materials for the foundations the earth on which they are to
rest must, according to my improvements, be thoroughly consolidated by means of
a steam roller; the same process must likewise be repeated upon whatever super-
incumbent materials are employed, such as ballast, broken stones, or other like
materials, or combined with grouting or concrete.
Upon an unyielding foundation of this nature the utmost durability is assured
for every description of surface paving, whether composed of wood, asphalte, or
stone.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ARTICLES COMPOSED OF IRON AND COMPOUNDS OF IRON
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Jeanneret at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th June 1876.
HENRY JEANNERET, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, M.D. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ARTICLES COMPOSED OF IRON AND COMPOUNDS OF
IRON."
This Invention relates to a process whereby the strength and hardness of iron
and its compounds may be greatly increased. I apply my process by preference
to the manufactured article, as any subsequent subjecting of the same to a red heat
will detract from the hardness and toughness imparted to the metal.
Supposing a chain cable is to be treated according to my Invention I raise it to
a red heat in any suitable furnace, covering it with powdered topaz ore (fluosilicate
of aluminium) or other suitable ores of aluminium, maintaining the heat until the
ore is fused.
A chemical combination will then take place between the iron and
the ore, and the pores of the iron will be closed by the alloy thus produced.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING, AND ALSO MEASURING WHILST CUTTING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Max Heymann at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th July 1876.
MAX HEYMANN, of Southwark Street, in the County of Surrey. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING, AND ALSO
MEASURING WHILST CUTTING."
The Invention relates to the construction of an instrument which can be used as
a measuring instrument separately from taking linear dimensions, or as a measuring
instrument & straight edge when used in connection with scissors, the use of
which will enable lengths of cloth or other fabric cut by such scissors to be
ascertained simultaneously with the advance of the cutting medium.
The novel construction, adaptation, and use of the improved measuring instrumont
may be thus described -I employ a disc having a known circumference, the edge
of which runs by friction on the surface of the materiel to be measured, thus
making each revolution of the disc correspond to a certain advance over the surface
or line to be measured. On the face of the disc (which is enclosed except at the
lowest part of its periphery by a case) I form a uniform spiral groove, that is, a
groove approaching the centre of the disc by an equal amount for each revolution
about its axis. In the case enclosing the disc a radial slot or aperture is formed in
which is carried a pointer or finger, the inner end of which enters into the before-
mentioned spiral groove, while the outer rests upon a divided scale formed on one
or both the edges of the slot.
The result of this arrangement is that for every revolution of the measuring wheel
the finger is moved a small distance in a radial, direction, the amount of which
movement may be read off on the scale, which is divided so as to indicate from the
numbers of the revolutions of the wheel the distance travelled over by its periphery.
This instrument can be used seperately for taking linear dimensions, or in con-
nection with scissors, in which case the length of fabric cut by such scissors will
be accurately determined by the rolling disc.
An ordinary measuring tape placed upon the fulcrum or other convenient portion
of the scissors may also be employed in the double capacity of straight edge and
measurer, as the tape when drawn over the fabric shows the distance or length
such fabric has to be cut, and presents along the surface a straight line for the
advance of the scissors.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREFOR."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Weightman Hanison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1876.
CHARLES WEIGHTMAN HARRISON, of South Kensington, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND IN APPARATUS TO
BE USED THEREFOR."
This Invention relates to improvements in extinguishing fines
According to my Invention I employ a cellular, porous, or finely divided substance
as an absorbent, such wood, charcoal, peat, or porous carbon, impregnated or
saturated with carbonic acid, or the absorbent may also be of such nature as to
give out oxygen when subjected to heat as well as the carbonic acid. I prepare
the material (by preference) by placing the absorbent in a wrought-iron tank or
boiler fitted with an air-tight lid or door, and connected by one pipe with an
exhaust pump, and by another pipe with a vessel containing carbonic acid The
air is then withdrawn and the carbonic acid admitted into the exhausted pores or
forced therein by additional pressure; or the absorbent may simply be placed in a
chamber of carbonic acid. In either case the absorbent will take up and hold by
adhesion many times its own bulk of carbonic acid
For convenience of application the absorbent may be used as a powder and mixed
with water or other suitable liquid, and may be impelled on to the fire by steam,
water, or other suitable liquid.
I also charge steam or spray with carbonic acid by the use of a steam or spray
injector, by means of which carbonic acid is blown or drawn from a source or
container, and thereby mixed with the steam or spray in any proportions required.
AN IMPROVED FASTENER FOR ATTACHING SAMPLES TO CARDS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PUR- POSES.
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hector Auguste Dufrenè at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th October 1876. A communication
from Monsieur Grélière, of No. 24, Rue Saint Pont, Perigueux, in the Republic
of France.
HECTOR AUGUSTE DUFRENE, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, and 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED
FASTENER FOR ATTACHING SAMPLES TO CARDS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PUR-
POSES.
This Invention consists in the construction of an improved pin fastener suitable
for attaching samples of cloth or other fabric on paper or cardboard, or for
attaching or fastening together several pieces of cloth, fabric, paper or card.
The improved pin fastener consists of a rod of flexible metal, the two end parts
of which are turned down at right angles. The two ends are pointed and curved
slightly inwards.
The ends of the improved fastener having been passed through the articles to be
attached together the points thereof are turned and take into the paper, cloth,
or card, so as not to project, and are thus prevented from hurting or pricking the
fingers.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRAKES FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Beale at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 6th September 1876.
JOHN BEALE, of Truro, in the County of Cornwall. " AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRAKES
FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES."
My Invention relates to an improvement in blocks or shoes for the lever brakes
used on railway or other carriages, and my Invention consists in substituting. for
the ordinary brake blocks or shoes of wood or iron, which are noisy and subjected
to rapid wear, blocks or shoes constructed as horein-after described.
The improved blocks or shoes of my Invention are noiseless, effective, and very
durable as compared with the ordinary wooden blocks or shoes.
My Invention consists in employing blocks or shoes of india-rubber, the face of
which is made of a form corresponding to the circumference of the wheel it is to act
upon, and the back of a dovetailed form fitted into a corresponding frame bolted to
the hanger of the brake gear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING CONVEYANCES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1876.-A communication
from abroad by Richard Lüders, of Gorlitz, in the Empire of Germany, Civil
Engineer.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
IN APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING CONVEYANCES."-A communication from abroad by
Richard Lüders, of Gorlitz, in the Empire of Germany, Civil Engineer.
The improvements consist in forming air gas by use of currents of air
generated by the motion of conveyances, such as railway trains, steamboats, and
such like, for the purposes of lighting the same, the air to be collected direct or by
means of a fan.
The improvements further embrace apparatus wherein the air may be deprived of
acid and moisture, and gas may be generated; also a stationary gasometer furnished
with automatic pressure. Air is admitted to the apparatus by cowls to face the
current, and such cowls may be fitted with valves. The apparatus is composed of a
drying box fitted with sieves and trays holding any chemicals that by their action
will disintegrate from the air carbonic acid and moisture, said chemicals being
replenished and changed from time to time, the water formed during the process
being received and drained off by any convenient means.
The apparatus further consists of clockwork made to move a fan for driving in
air when the train is at rest, and little or no air is furnished by the collecting cowls.
The air being relieved of acid and moisture passes on through suitable valves to a
generating chamber furnished with oil with which it mixes, and the air gas is
then formed and passes on through suitable valves to a gasometer, which can be
arranged to keep the gas at any pressure desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRINGS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lockwood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December 1876.
WILLIAM LOCKWOOD, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Steel and Iron Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRINGS FOR RAILWAY
CARRIAGES AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to the construction of springs (commonly known as bearing
springs) for railway carriages, wagons, and other similar purposes, and has reference
to that class of springs which are formed of a combination of the spiral spring and
the cambered plate spring or eliptic laminated spring; and my Invention consists
of a peculiar mode of combining the two springs together and in the general con-
struction of the compound spring, as herein-after described.
The cambered spring may be made of one or more plates or bars passed through
a metallic box, clip, or socket, and secured at the centre of the bar or bars by means
of a key or other suitable means in such a manner as not to impede or interfere
with the elastic action of the bar or bars. This box or clip is intended to fit into
the axle box of the carriage or wagon. A rod or mandril, either solid or hollow,
is secured to the top side of the box or clip to receive and retain the spiral spring,
which may be of the ordinary or other suitable construction. The rod passes
through a metal plate (which is secured to the underside of the framework of the
carriage or wagon), and a nut or other similar means is employed to prevent the
rod from being drawn through the metal plate. The metal plate is provided with
recesses or seats for the spiral spring. When the spring is in action the rod passes
upwards through the plato and an opening provided for it in the framework of the
carriage or wagon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BALANCED VALVES FOR FLUIDS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO ORDINARY COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Henry Hart at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1876.
WALTER HENRY HART, of No. 20, South Crescent, Lewisham Road, in the County
of Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALANCED VALVES FOR FLUIDS, PARTLY APPLICABLE
TO ORDINARY COCKS OR VALVES."
My Invention relates to a construction of balanced valve for closing or opening
an outlet for fluid, applicable, for example, in lieu of a stop-cock or tap for water
flowing from a pipe. The apparatus consists of an outer casing or barrel commu-
nicating by a side branch with the supply pipe; within this casing is a pipe of
smaller diameter, which passes through cup leathers or other suitable packing at
each end of the barrel, leaving within the barrel an annular space all round it;
near the one end of this inner pipe I provide a number of holes passing through
it; when the pipe is slid longitudinally through the packings into one position
these holes are closed by the one packing overlapping them, but when it is slid into
another position so that the holes are clear of the packing, then the fluid from the
annular space of the barrel enters by these holes the interior of the inner pipe, and
flows out at one end thereof which is left open. The pipes may be slid to and fro
by hand or by a lever, screw, or otherwise, but as there is no pressure in either di-
rection, a very moderate force is required for this purpose.
In order to get access to the interior to repair or replace the cup leathers or
packings, I prefer to fit the pipe communicating with the barrel with a shut-off
valve which can be closed when required. One form of valve which I prefer for
this purpose consists of a disc of leather or other yielding material, fixed over a
perforated face or seating. Ordinarily, this disc is pressed away from the seating,
giving passage for fluid through the holes, but when it is required to close the pas-
sage the branch of the valve barrel is screwed somewhat further on to or into the
communicating pipe, and a lip at its end is thereby made to press the leather or
other disc on its seating, closing the holes through the latter, and so stopping the
flow of fluid. This contruction of shut-off valve may also be used for shutting off
the supply from ordinary valves or cocks when these require to be repaired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STAMP TONGUES USED IN APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING TIN OR OTHER ORES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Curtis and Daniel Wellington at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th April 1876.
JOHN CURTIS and DANIEL WELLINGTON, of St. Agnes Foundry, St. Agnes, in the
County of Cornwall. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STAMP TONGUES USED IN APPARATUS FOR
PULVERIZING TIN OR OTHER ORES."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of stamp
tongues, which are affixed to the lifters of stamp heads for raising the head in appa-
ratus used for pulverizing tin or other ores.
The Invention consists in making the tongue of cast or wrought iron of such a
shape as to allow it to be encircled and to be retained in position against the usual
lifter by a wrought-iron collar or band, which is subsequently tightened up by a
wedge.
It has heretofore been the practice to make these tongues exclusively of wrought
iron with a steel face, and of such a shape as to encircle the said lifter, thereby
making it necessary to pass the tongue from the extremity of the lifter to its proper
position, and there to be tightened up by a wedge or wedges without the said collar
or band.
According to this Invention the tongue may be placed in a position at once, a much
more secure and permanent attachment will be made, and the tongue can be produced
at considerably less expense.
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Elce at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, on the 14th January.1876.
«
IMPROVEMENTS IN
JOHN ELCE, of the City of Manchester, Machine Maker.
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
My Invention relates to the front stop motion of drawing frames, and it consists
in an improved combination of parts for stopping the machine when a sliver or a
portion of the sliver is missing between the front drawing.roller and the trumpet
mouth of the callender rollers above the coiler. The slivers pass over one end of
tumbler levers, and to the other ends are suspended fingers, which are held by the
slivers out of contact with a revolving shaft, with catches or a vibrating catch bar.
When a sliver or portion of a sliver is missing the corresponding tumbler lever falls
over and the finger drops, thereby stopping the machine.
Another part of my improvements in machinery for preparing cotton and other
fibrous substances relates to the centrifugal flyers of slubbing, roving, and inter-
mediate frames. The presser is suspended to a bush soldered to the flyer leg, and
the range of the presser is limited by shoulders or by an inclined slot in the bush
as usual; the presser is guided below by a socket swivelling on the end of the flyer
leg, the sliver passes down the leg of the flyer, and is then wound.around the presser
as usual. By this arrangement, as the presser expands according to the increasing
diameter of the bobbin, the sliver remains in the centre of the tubular leg of the
flyer, and consequently is kept at the same tension.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Green and Benjamin Sykes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1876.
HENRY GREEN, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Gas Engineer, and BENJAMIN
SYKES, of Preston, aforesaid, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES."
Our Invention relates to roller skates, and consists of an improved mode of
attaching the rollers to the stock or foot board so as to admit of their moving in
curved lines at the will of the skater.
In carrying out this Invention two pairs of rollers are employed, ono pair at the
too and the other pair at the heel of the skate; each pair is attached to the under side
of the stock or foot board by means of a pin so connected to the stock or foot board
as to be capable of oscillation. This pin carries at its lower extremity a cross bar,
through the ends of which the axes of the hangers carrying the rollers pass in such
a manner as to admit of each roller swivelling separately on its own centre. Each
hanger is formed with or carries a lover, the ends of the levers of each pair of rollers
being joined together by a connecting rod through which a pin secured to the under
side of the foot beard passes. When the skate is in use the inclination of the skater,
either to the right or left, causes the depression of the foot board on that side by the
action of the oscillating pin (which as before stated is fixed at the inner end to the
fixed pin
cross bar), which inclination of the foot bourd necessarily inclines the
moving the connecting rod either to the right or left, and causes each hanger to be
moved partially round, taking with it its roller. Between the foot board and the cross
bar there is placed an india-rubber cushion, encircling the oscillating pin, for the
purpose of preventing undue oscillation of the foot board. The action of each roller
is similar to that of the front wheel of a bath chair, and will travel in curved lines
either to the right or left, at the will of the skater.
"
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR LOCKING THE NUTS OF SCREW BOLTS FOR FISH-PLATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Humm at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1876.
EDWARD HUMM, of Walworth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer. "IMPROVED
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR LOCKING THE NUTS OF SCREW BOLTS FOR FISH-PLATES."
The object of this Invention is to provide an adjustable locking device for the
nuts of screw bolts for fish-plates, and it consists of a spring plate the ends thereof
being cut at an angle and roughed or serrated on the under side, said plate being
pivotted through a slotted hole therein to a washer plate so as to allow of said
spring plate turning on the pivot and adjusting itself longitudinally.
The washer plate has holes therethrough, which are passed over the screw ends
of the bolts, and the nuts are screwed up "square" with the top and bottom edges
of the washer plate.
The spring plate is now turned upon its pivot so that the angular ends are in
juxtaposition with the square side of the nuts at the top edge of one and the
bottoin edge of the other, and the spring plate occupies a diagonal position between
the nuts and so will effectually prevent any tendency of the nuts to work loose,
as any action of one nut to unscrew is communicated to the spring plate and acts
to tighten the other nut, and vice versa.
Upon the washer plate is a notch or lump over which the roughed or serrateil
end of the spring plate rides, and this will further prevent any tendency of the
spring place to turn loose on its pivot.
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Buckingham at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th April 1876.
JAMES BUCKINGHAM, of Launceston, in the County of Cornwall.
IN PLOUGHS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to certain improvements in ploughs, the object being
to enable the body and share of the plough to be set and adjusted at any desired
angle or vertical tilt in regard to the beam, instead of fixing the body and share
immoveably to the beam by bolting, riveting, or welding.
I propose to effect this object by attaching the body to the beam by means of two
or more bolts, one of which forms a joint or hinge, on which the body may be raised
or lowered by a tilting action, the other bolt or bolts to pass through slotted
curved holes or spaces cut in the body so that the front of the body may be raised
upwards or downwards, thus regulating the clevation of the sliare and tilting its
point or cutting edge vertically as required for the work.
In order to secure the position of the body and share when so adjusted I apply to
the upper and lower parts of the body, just above and beneath the level of the beam,
an angularly set plate or bracket formed in one piece with the body, so that the
plates are wider apart in front than at the rear, to enable them to play up and
down on the beam in accordance with the hinged motion of the body on the fixed
bolt.
I then apply to each of these plates at their front a vertical screw bolt with head
thereto, so as to be turned by a spanner or wrench, the extremity of each screw
acting respectively on the upper and under surface of the beam, so that by turning
these screws, which act as set screws, the elevation of the body and share is easily
regulated and fixed.
The Invention is applicable to all ploughs but more especially to double furrow
ploughs in order to get both furrows the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE FLOORING OF SKATING RINKS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Ford at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1876.
ALFRED FORD, of Devonshire Street, Portland Place, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE FLOORING OF
SKATING RINKS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in the method of constructing the
flooring of skating rinks, in order to give a yielding effect thereto in imitation of
ordinary natural ice. For this purpose instead of placing the asphalte or other
substance which may be employed to form the skating surface directly upon the
concrete or other foundation as now practiced, I, according to my Invention, place
the skating surface upon a flooring or support of wood or other suitable material
supported upon water or upon springs, or upon a combination of both.
In carrying my Invention into effect I propose to employ the following arrange-
ment-Between the flooring or support for the skating surface and the concrete or
other foundation I leave a space of about twelve inches, more or less, into which
space I admit water, so that the said flooring may be supported by it, and thereby
acquire an elasticity which it would not otherwise possess, and the want of which
is felt to be so great a defect in existing rinks. The flooring is also to be supported
at intervals by short piles or posts provided with rubber or other spring cushions,
which posts reach through the water to the concrete or other bed, and is moreover to
rest around its whole circumference upon cushions of india-rubber or other springs
placed at suitable distances from each other; and such circumference as well as the
joints of the flooring are to be effectually sealed with some suitable waterproofing
agent, so as perfectly to prevent the water from exuding through the same on to
the skating surface.
The concrete or other foundation is to be so arranged as to resemble a kind of
basin capable of holding the requisite quantity of water, having inlets and outlets
for the ingress and egress of the same when necessary to fill or empty such basin.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRICKET BATS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest Archibald Berger at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1876.
ERNEST ARCHIBALD BERGER, of Lincoln, in the County of Lincoln, Captain of
H.M. Tenth Regiment of Foot, and Adjutant of the Royal North Lincoln Militia.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CRICKET BATS."
The object of the Invention is to obtain increased lightness in the structure of
cricket bats without reducing their size, strength, or efficiency. This object is
obtained by removing the wood from the bat by forming holes, grooves, or recesses
therein. These holes, grooves, or recesses I form by boring or by other suitable
means so as to remove the wood at portions in a direction from the back towards
the front. These holes or portions may be cut partially, and in some cases entirely
through the thickness of the bat, and I form them in one or more rows, though the
direction of them may be varied, a central and side rows, but the side rows are
better cut in irregular lines, as thereby the wood is left stronger and the line of
sinking of these side holes is inclined to the centre or perpendicular to the planes of
those parts of the bats. The holes, grooves, or openings may also be filled or
partially filled with cork or other suitable light material, and then the surface
finished and varnished or polished. Portions of the back of the bat may also be
removed in lines connecting the respective holes. These holes or recesses may be
omitted immediately behind what may be called the driving point of the bat.
Most cricket bats with cane handles in sound condition and of proper substance
weigh from two pounds and two ounces to two pounds and four ounces each, or
thereabouts. It is a great advantage, especially for boys, to reduce the weight as
much as possible without reducing the size, strength, and driving power of the bat,
and according to this Invention three or four ounces or more may be taken off the
weight without injuring the bat, or the thickness of the bat may be increased when
forming such holes or recesses in it without a corresponding increase in its weight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Chamberlain at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1876.
FRANCIS CHAMBERLAIN, of Barnsley, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN
THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
My Invention relates to the manufacture of bricks, tiles, and other similar
articles from dry or semi-dry clay, or other suitable dry or semi-dry, materials, and
has for its object the removal of the air from the clay or other materials when
contained in the mould, and being compressed in a more efficient manner than
heretofore.
In compressing pulverulent materials in a mould the air contained therein, when
no means are employed for liberating it, becomes confined or compressed amongst
the particles, or in the interstices of the compressed article; and when the operation
is completed the air so compressed has a tendency to re-expand, whence a liability
is incurred of a rupture of the article in course of formation. Existing machines
remedy this defect by reducing the pressure to such a point that no injury from
the subsequent re-expansion of the confined air can occur, but articles so made are
found to be deficient in density and exceedingly porous. Now my Invention
consists in the employment in connection with the mould in which the article is to
be formed and pressed of a chamber in which a vacuum is maintained by any usual
or suitable means, which chamber is arranged in such a manner that its com-
munication with the mould is capable of being established and intercepted at
required intervals.
When the compressing piston enters the mouth of the mould, the communication
of the latter with the vacuum chamber is established, and the air or the larger
portion thereof is exhausted from the mould, and the pressure takes place in a
vacuum or highly attenuated atmosphere.
If desired the vacuum chamber may be dispensed with, and the air be wholly or
partially exhausted direct from the mould by any usual or suitable means for the
production of a vacuum.
By means of this Invention, bricks, tiles, and other like articles may be obtained
with a single pressure, free from air cracks, and of greater density and more rapidly
than in existing machines.
MENTS IN TAPS FOR STEAM AND WATER
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Allison at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1876.
THOMAS ALLISON, of Milnsbridge, in the County of York, Plumber.
MENTS IN TAPS FOR STEAM AND WATER."
"IMPROVE-
The object of this Invention is to construct a tap with a passage through the
same of an area equal to that of the size designated, and to so construct the same as
to effectually prevent the possibility of the curtailment of such an area by the
screwed pipe either on the inlet or outlet side of the tap. I accomplish this in the
following manner:-To the ordinary coned tap with a passage up the interior of
the designated size of the tap I give an inlet and outlet also of the same area; the
former by means of a chamber carried below the base of the coned plug of the tap.
Inside the inlet and outlet screwed sockets I cast or form a rim or lip at such a
distance from the face of the same as to allow the making of a good threaded joint,
but beyond which rim or lip the screwed pipe cannot pass, thus preserving the tap
against the too frequent checking of area.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH HOLDERS OR BASES FOR INKSTANDS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sigmund Guiterman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1876. A communication
from abroad by Messieurs Rosenfeld, Brothers, and Company, residing in New
York, in the United States of America.
SIGMUND GUITERMAN, of Fountain Court, Aldermanbury, in the City of London,
Fancy Warehouseman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH HOLDERS OR
BASES FOR INKSTANDS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES." A communication from abroad
by Messieurs Rosenfeld, Brothers, and Company, residing in New York, in the
United States of America.
This Invention relates to improvements in and connected with holders or bases
for inkstands and other like articles, and consists in forming recesses, grooves, or
slots, in or upon the top surface of a holder or "base" in which lipped or other
slides are free to move, in order that they may after the placing of an inkstand
thereon be slid up, and the lips into contact with the inkstand to hold it firmly in
place, and without fear of its being knocked over on the least move, as is now the
case.
The slides are arranged with slots, in or through which a screw or other pin is
fitted for holding the slides in' position. The slides may be arranged in pairs or,
say, three or five, as desired, and when the lips of them bear against the inkstand
they give an ornamental effect.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE BETTER HEATING OF WATER FOR ALL KINDS OF STEAM ENGINES, AND TO ACT AS A GREAT FUEL ECONOMIZER FOR THE SAME
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Coles at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 25th September 1876.
JOHN COLES, of 48, St. George's Road, Regent's Park, N.W. "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR THE BETTER HEATING OF WATER FOR ALL KINDS OF STEAM
ENGINES, AND TO ACT AS A GREAT FUEL ECONOMIZER FOR THE SAME."
The construction of the apparatus is to consist of three cylinders of unequal
diameter so as to be inserted in each other, and forming a space between each for
the exhaust steam and water. The innermost or smaller cylinder is to receive a
portion or the whole of the exhaust steam, and passing through the same into the
outer or larger cylinder, and returning back over the central cylinder, and thereby
enclosing with exhaust steam internally & externally the space caused both by
the smaller and central cylinders which contains the water to be heated. The space
in the small cylinder and of the large cylinder which contains a constant supply of
exhaust steam is very large compared with the space which contains the water to
be heated which is being pumped or injected cold in one end of the cylinder, and is
passed out of the other end into the steam boiler at a boiling point instantaneously
on putting the engine in motion for work, thereby giving a constant supply of
boiling water caused by the utilising of the exhaust steam after having given its
power to the engine.