Improved Receiving Apparatus for Cable Telegraphy.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left; 9th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 31st Jan., 1891
·
DEBOLTIVATION.
Improved Receiving Apparatus for Cable Telegraphy.
I, PATRICK BERNARD DELANY, a citizen of the United States, now residing a
South Orange, in the State of New Jersey, U.S.A., Electrical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is intended to be used on lines and cables in place of the Thomson
or Syphon Recorders now employed. Its purpose is to provide for the distinct,
clear reception of delicate signals, received over such cables, by ordinary apparatus
such as is used on land lines, and with the received signals of which all operators
are familiar.
The invention is more especially intended to operate in connection with my
system of cable transmission patented to me in Great Britain No. 16,406
November 29, 1887.
I purpose using an oscillating coil or armature similar to that used in a Thomson.
Recorder, and have it oscillate,-preferably horizontally –
-an arm or finger, the end'
of which makes contact with two contact plates one on each side of a central or
neutral line, the plane of the faces of the plates being parallel to the plane of
oscillation of the finger, or sufficiently so to permit proper contact between the
end of the finger and the plates, and not interfere with an independent vibration of
the finger in planes at right angles to the plane of oscillation. Ordinary telegraphic.
receiving instruments are connected with the contact plates-for instance a split
local battery. the ends of which are connected with the contact plates, a polarized
relay in the wire running from the middle of the battery to the oscillating finger,
and a sounder in the local of the relay. The oscillating coil, or a coil or coils
affecting an armature are included in the main circuit. When therefore the finger
is deflected and bears upon one of the contact plates, the polarized relay armature
is moved in one direction, and when the finger is deflected in the other direction to
make contact with the opposite contact plate the relay armature is drawn to the
other side. Thus an ordinary sounder can be operated by the most delicate received
currents. To render the movement of the finger and its actuating coil more
susceptible to the light line currents I cause the finger to be vibrated in a plane at
right angles to its plane of oscillation. This may be done by a vibrator magnet
located under the finger between the contact plates and the oscillating coil. The
coil of this nagnet is included in a local circuit containing an automatically
actuated circuit interrupter or reed, the rate of vibration of which may be
regulated..
:
The oscillating finger would preferably be made of aluminium or other light
metal and can carry a small armature for the vibrator magnet.
The contact plates over and upon which the oscillating finger plays may be
mounted in a block adjustable in the plane of oscillation.
Dated at New York City ILS A this 90th day of Febenary 180n
Witnesses:
EDWARD C. DAVIDSON.
THAMIR J. KELLRY.
[Price 8d.]
'PATRICK BERNARD DELANY.
•

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Receiving Apparatus for Cable Telegraphy.
I, PATRICK BERNARD DELANY, a citizen of the United States, now residing at
South Orange, in the State of New Jersey, U.S.A., Electrical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention is intended to be used on lines or cables where the Thomson or
Siphon Recorder is now employed. Its purpose is to provide for the distinct, clear
reception of the delicate signals received over such cables by ordinary apparatus,
such as is used on land-lines and with the received signals of which all operators are
familiar.
Generally the invention consists in the use of an oscillating coil substantially
such as is used in the Thomson Recorder, a vibrated contact finger carried thereby
contacts on opposite sides of its neutral lines across and upon which it plays or with
which it makes contact and ordinary telegraphic receiving apparatus connected
with said contacts and vibrated finger-for instance, a split battery, a polarized
relay, and sounder.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view, partly in diagram,
showing all the parts connected in a line for operation; and Figure 2 is a side view
omitting the controlling-vibrator, relay and sounder.
The invention is specially designed to operate in connection with my system of
cable transmission patented to me in the United States on November 29, 1887
Nos. 373,967 and 373,968 and in Great Britain No. 16,406 November 29, 1887,
That system provides for the transmission of impulses of equal duration and
alternate polarity and also for the use of regularly alternating, neutralizing, or
clearing impulses after the signal or primary impulses to neutralize the static
discharge of the cable. The arrangement permits of rapid signalling and a
uniformity of movement of the receiver, not, so far as I am aware, obtainable
by any other system.
A indicates the magnet, and B the oscillating coil, through which the line is
connected, as ordinarily used in a Thomson Recorder. Attached to the coil or
bobbin is a light arm or finger C, preferably made of aluminium on account of its
lightness. The end of the finger is bent, so that its point, which is preferably
tipped with platinum will strike or play on either of two metallic contact-plates d, d³,
preferably faced with platinum, as it swings to either side of a neutral or central
position as the coil B oscillates. Between the point of the finger and the coil Ban
electro-magnet E is located, the circuit of which is interrupted by an automatic
vibrator V, whose rate and amplitude of vibration may be changed by shifting an
adjustable weight v thereon. Directly over the magnet E a small piece of soft iron
is attached to the finger, and is attracted by the magnet at each closing of its
circuit. With proper adjustment the light finger is kept in continuous vibration at
right angles to its plane of oscillation, its own elasticity serving to draw it away
from the magnet between the periods of magnetization. The object of keeping the
arm in constant vibration is to relieve it of friction against the contact plates d, d'
when the coil B is moved by the electrical impulses received over the cable. The
point of the finger normally-c., when no current or signal is coming over the
fine occupies an intermediate or neutral position on the insulation between the two
contacts. The contacts are connected with the poles of a local split battery S B,
the middle of which is connected to the vibrating finger through a polarized
relay PR, that controls a local circuit, in which is placed a receiver an ordinary
sounder, for instance-as shown in the drawings. The contacts of the polarized
relay and contacts d, d' are shown shunted by condensers, as is usual, to prevent
sparking.
If now all the connections be properly made for sending and receiving, the trailer

page_text: of the transmitter at the sending station will normally rest on a disconnected or
neutral segment or space when the key is up, as fully set forth in my. prior
Patent mentioned, and the finger C of the receiver will vibrate on the neutral
space between the contacts d, d. The tongue of the polarized relay in the circuit
of the finger will be against its disconnected. liimit post or stop, and the sounder-
circuit will be open. If the distant transmitting operator now closes his key, a
current of positive polarity will be sent into the cable through the trailer of the
transmitter and the segment on which it rests, the impulse being automatically
terminated as soon as the key reaches its down limit. The effect of this impulse at
the receiving station is to cause the suspended coil B to turn upon its axis-
say to the right-and the point of the vibrating finger leaves the neutral space, and
vibrates on the segment à, completing the local of the polarized relay, reversing
the position of its armature, and closing the sounder-circuit. If the sending-
operator is transmitting a dot, he raises his key promptly in the ordinary manner,
and a negative current of the same duration as the preceding positive current is sent
into the cable. The effect of this negative impulse at the receiver is to cause the
coil and vibrating finger to quickly swing to the left-hand segment d', reverse
the polarized relay and open the sounder-circuit, thus denoting a dot on the
Founder. If the transmitter's key be left up, the vibrating finger assumes the
neutral position, and the tongue of the polarized relay remains where last placed
and sounder-circuit is open. If the sending operator desired to send a dash, he
simply holds down his key, as usual. The transmitted impulse is of no longer
duration than that used for the dot. The vibrating finger swings to the right,.as
before, actuating the polarized relay and closing the sounder-circuit, which remains
closed as long as the key is held down, and a reverse or negative impulse is not
transinitted. The vibrating finger returns to the neutral position slowly, owing
to the "tailing" or gradual diminution of the current in the cable. In this
manner dots and dashes forming signals are received in the usual way by ordinary
land-line receiving device, a sounder being shown.
4
The usual sliding weights b, b¹, tend to hold the coil in the neutral position,
and the contacts d; d' are carried on a laterally-inovable block adjusted by a screw D,
so that the neutral space inay readily be brought under the point of the finger.
It
The vibrator-magnet E is vertically adjustable with reference to the finger.
is carried by a cross-bar E' that works on vertical pins in the bed-plate, springs
being provided between the cross-bar and bed-plate, and nuts on the ends of the
pins afford the means of adjustment.
It will be plain that in the operation of this receiver only a slight resistance
has to be overcome by the delicate swinging coil. In the ordinary recorder the
coil has to move a syphon that has one end in an ink-pot over the comparatively
rough surface of the paper-receiving strip. In my instrument the coil is not
encumbered to such an extent.
.
When in the claims I speak of the faces of the contacts d, d' being parallel
with the plane of oscillation, of the finger, I do not mean that they must he
absolutely so, or that the contacts must have plane surfaces; but I mean that the
contacts are such and their arrangement is such that the finger in oscillating
can pass across or part way across or over the contacts and play upon their
faces as it is vibrated.
The extent of oscillation of the arm need be but very slight, and the force
and frequency of its impact against the contact-plates may be regulated by the
adjustment of the controlling vibrator and the magnet E.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination, substantially as set forth, with the oscillating coil, of the
vibrated finger oscillated thereby, said finger vibrating in planes transverse to
the plane of oscillation, contacts, as d, d, having their faces in a plane parallel

page_text: with the plane of oscillation of the finger upon which, said finger, plays, and
telegraphic receiving devices connected in, circuit with the finger and contacts.
2. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the magnet A, the oscillating
coil, the finger oscillated thereby, 'the vibrator magnet, its circuit and vibrator for
vibrating the finger in a plane at right, angles to its plane of oscillation, two
contacts, as d, d, upon which the finger plays, separated by a neutral space; upon
which the finger plays when in the middle or neutral position, a divided battery
having its poles connected with said contacts, a polarized relay, through which
the middle of the battery is connected with the finger, and receiving devices, as
a sounder, actuated by the relay.
3. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the oscillating coil, the finger
oscillated thereby, the contacts d, d', having their faces in a plane parallel with
the plane of oscillation of the finger upon which the finger plays, and contact-
moving devices for adjusting the contacts with reference to the finger.
4. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the oscillating coil, the finger
osciliated thereby, the contacts d,.d', upon which the finger plays, the adjustable
magnet for vibrating the finger at right angles to its plane of oscillation.
5. The combination,-substantially as set forth, of the magnet A, the suspended
or pivoted oscillating coil, the finger oscillated thereby, the contacts, as d, d
having their faces in a plane parallel with the plane of oscillation of the finger,
with which the finger makes contact, respectively, when moved to either side of
neutral position, and telegraphic receiving devices-whose circuit is completed
by contact between the finger-and-said-contacts.
6. The combination, with the actuated coil or armature of a telegraph receiving-
instrument, of an oscillated vibrated arm, whose planes of vibration are transverse
to the plane of oscillation, a neutral point where the vibrating arin normally
plays, and electrically-connected contacts on either side of the neutral point, baving
their faces in a plane parallel with the plane of oscillation..
7. The combination, substantially as set forth, with the actuated coil or armature
of a telegraph receiving instrument, of an oscillated vibrated arm, and a contact
upon which the arm plays, said contact having its face in a plane parallel with the
plane of oscillation of the finger and-at right angles to its plane of vibration.
Dated this 15th day of May 1890.