Improvements in or relating to Kilns for Various Purposes.
Year: 1891

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Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 19th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 19th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Kilns for Various Purposes.
I, JOSEPH PEAKE, of Tunstall in the County of Stafford, Chemical Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the arrangement and working of kilns for firing or
drying purposes and may be applied to various arts but especially to the firing and
drying of various kinds of earthenware, china, bricks, tiles and the like, and I will
describe it as so applied.
In carrying out the invention I may take an existing set of kilns or I may build
fresh ones, the arrangement however is such that the source of heat, which I
prefer to be gas, from a gas producer, is applied to the first kiln through which it
circulates in any desired manner, and conveyed from that to the other kilns of the
series. In case of a considerable number of kilns being arranged in a series the
temperature of those towards the end of the series will be so low that they can be
employed merely for drying purposes; the heated gases eventually escape to the
chimney stack in the usual manner.
A very important point in this invention is that I can arrange each kiln or some
of the kilns with double connections so that the kiln which I will call A will be
connected either with kilns B or C etc. or with the chimney stack; by this arrange-
ment only A may be supplied with hot air from the gas producer or from the kiln
next before it in the series and when the firing is finished the heated gases may be
carried past it to one of the other kilns in the series while only A is connected
direct with the chimney stack with the result that instead of heated gases being
supplied to it air at the existing atmospheric temperature will be sucked in by the
pull of the chimney and the contents of the kiln can thus be much more rapidly
cooled than by existing arrangements.
Dated this 21st day of April 1891.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Kilns for Various Purposes.
I, JOSEPH PEAKE, of Tunstall in the County of Stafford, Chemical Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the arrangement and working of kilns for firing or
drying purposes and may be applied to various arts but especially to the firing
and drying of various kinds of earthenware, china, bricks, tiles and the like,
and I will describe it as so applied.
In carrying out the invention I may take an existing set of kilns or I may build
fresh ones, the arrangement however is such that the source of heat, which I prefer
to be gas, from a gas producer, is applied to the first kiln through which it circu-
lates in any desired manner, and conveyed from that to the other kilns of the
series. In case of a considerable number of kilns being arranged in a series the
temperature of those towards the end of the series will be so low that they can be
employed merely for drying purposes; the heated gases eventually escape to the
chimney stack in the usual manner.

page_text: ;
A very important point in this invention is that I can arrange each kiln or some
of the kilns with double connections so that the kiln which I will call A will be
connected either with kilns B or C etc. or with the chimney stack; by this arrange-
ment only A may be supplied with hot air from the gas producer or from the kiln
next before it in the series and when the firing is finished the heated gases may be
carried past it to one of the other kilns in the series while only A is connected
direct with the chimney stack with the result that instead of heated gases being
supplied to it air at the existing atmospheric temperature will be sucked in by
the pull of the chimney and the contents of the kiln can thus be much more
rapidly cooled than by existing arrangements.
In the accompanying drawing I have represented in diagram four kilns A B C
and D arranged and connected according to this invention.
E is the gas producer or other source of heat which may be charged from its
top or in any other convenient manner and to which each of the kilns A B C and D
is connected by a pipe F fitted with a valve or damper F¹.
G is the exhaust flue which is connected to the chimney stack I and is provided
with dampers G¹ and to which each of the kilns A B C D is connected by a pipe G³
fitted with a damper G. Besides the kilns A B C D being connected by pipes F
and G' with the gas producer E and the exhaust flue G each is connected to its
neighbour or neighbours by a pipe or flue H provided with a damper H'.
By the foregoing arrangement any one of the kilns may be worked to the
exclusion of all the others by opening its dampers F1 and G and closing the
damper Hat each side of it the gas passing directly from E into the kiln and
directly from the kiln into the exhaust flue G."
The usual course would be to have three of the kilns in operation and the fourth
out of operation and cooling down so that its contents may be withdrawn. Of the
other three kilns the first would receive the charge of gas from the gas producer,
and the contents would be passed on to the succeeding kilns of the series atmo-
spheric air being allowed to enter the kiln last put out of use and passing through it
to mingle with the gas in the kiln to which the gas was admitted from which the
heated gases of combustion would pass to the other kilns. Thus supposing D was
finished and just put out of use the gas from the producer would be turned into A
and atmospheric air would be admitted to A from D through the damper H¹ the
heated gases passing through the damper H' from A to B and from B to C from
which kiln (the damper into D being closed and into the flue G being open) they
would escape to the chimney stack I.
It will be apparent that many changes may be effected in the working of the
kilns A B C and D any one or more being used for baking or for drying purposes
or any one or more being if desired temporarily cut out of the series or rendered
inoperative. It will also be apparent that instead of four kilns being employed a
greater or smaller number may be used and that instead of the kilns being
arranged around the heat producer as in the accompanying drawing (which
however is the preferred arrangement) they may be arranged in a straight line
or in other desired manner, in fact the precise arrangement is immaterial so long as
the essential feature of the invention is retained that being that all the kilns are
connected in series and that each has a connection with the source of heat and
another connection with the escape flue all connections being controllable by
suitable dampers or valves.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of operating a series of damper-controlled intercommunicating
kilns substantially as described.
2. In apparatus such as described the arrangement of two or more kilns drying
chambers or the like each connected to its neighbour or neighbours and each having
a separate connection with the source of heat and another with the escape flue and

page_text: all the connections being provided with suitable dampers or valves substantially as
described.
3. The arrangement of a series of kilns drying chambers or the like around
a central gas producer or source of heat and encircled by an annular flue opening
into two diametrically opposite chimney stacks dampers being provided in the flue
at each side of each chimney stack and in the passages appertaining to the respec-
tive chambers substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dosad shim 10th 1-
1000