Improvements in Printing Telegraph Systems.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 9th Dec., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Telegraph Systems.
We, SAMUEL RUSH LINVILLE and LOUIS FREDERICK HETTMANSPERGER,
both citizens of the United States, the former residing at No. 3610 Walnut Street,
in the City and County of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania and the latter
residing at No. 525 Mickle Street, in the City and County of Camden, and State
of New Jersey, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :--
Our invention relates in general to improvements in printing telegraph systems,
comprising a central station and its complemental electrical and mechanical devices
and receiving and transmitting instruments located at subscribers' offices or
residences and connected with the central station by means of suitable conductors,
the various parts of the system being arranged for operation in such manner as that
convenient and rapid communication between the subscribers is afforded. A
printing telegraph of the type above referred to. is illustrated and described in and
by the English Letters Patent No. 6847, dated April 21st, 1891, and granted to
us, the said Samuel Rush Linville and Louis Frederick Hettmansperger, and in
and by the English Letters Patent No. 6846, dated April 21st, 1891, and granted
to the said Samuel Rush Linville. In both of these Patents the type-wheels are
adapted to be shifted axially through the intervention of special circuits and devices
in order to cause both type-wheels to print in the same line, and in the said English
Patent No. 6846, of April 21st, 1891, the type-wheel circuits are in parallel in
order that numerous circuits for separate alternators may be derived from one
electric generator, and the printing circuits pass in series through the printing
magnets of two connected receiving and transmitting instruments, so that the
magnets controlling the pole-changer require separate generators for each
alternator. Consequently the improvements embraced in our present invention
relate more particularly to circuits and mechanical and electrical devices controlled
through lines connecting two subscribers' instruments by type-wheel and printing
circuits in parallel or multiple arc to earth from one electrode of an electric
generator having the other electrode thereof connected to earth.
Our invention consists of a printing telegraph provided with subscriber instruments,
printing and type-wheel circuits in parallel to earth at the respective instruments
and a central station having devices and their complemental circuits for controlling
the pole changer and alternator and for effecting impressions at the subscribers
instruments.
Our invention further consists of a printing telegraph provided with normally
closed parallel printing circuits operating a relay device by the depression of a
transmitter key to break a local circuit through a pole changer device adapted to
arrest the type-wheels and through an interrupting device adapted to break and
again close the printing circuit, whereby an impression is effected upon the arrested
type-wheels.
Our invention further consists in certain details of construction of the printing
pallet, the shifting mechanism therefor, and the printing springs attached thereto,
whereby the impressions are clearly given in straight lines without blurring, and
the characters are uniformly spaced; and
Our invention further consists of the improvements in printing telegraphs herein-
after fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.
For the sake of a better explanation of our invention and before giving a brief
description of the several views of the drawings and a detail description of the

page_text: parts therein shown, it may be remarked that the instruments employed are each
provided with two type-wheels rigidly attached to shafts that are controlled by
escape-wheels and escapement pallets actuated by means of magnets and polarized
armatures responding to alternating currents in parallel type-wheel circuits which
pass from the electrodes of the generator at the central station through pole-
changing and alternating devices, thence to earth from one terminal of the alternator,
and from the other terminal in parallel through the coils of the escapement magnets
of each of two connected subscribers instruments to earth at said instruments. One
.of the type-wheels of each instrument may have letters engraved upon its periphery
and the other may have figures and fractions engraved upon its periphery, and the
impressions are made from the respective type-wheels on a paper tape and in two
parallel lines by shifting the printing pallet as may be required. The printing
circuits emanate from one electrode of the generator and pass in a single line
through the coils of a unison magnet and a circuit interrupter adapted to
momentarily break and then close the printing circuit to effect impressions, and
after passing this interrupting device the circuit divides in parallel through the
magnets of relay devices at the central station and passes in normally closed
parallel circuits through the respective printing magnets and the indicating
devices and keys of two connected subscribers' instruments to earth. These
printing circuits may be derived from the same generator as the type-wheel circuits
and in such case the resistances in the respective circuits must be balanced. How-
ever, the printing circuits may be connected to a separate generator. The printing
circuits between two connected subscribers instruments are normally closed in
parallel so that only the branch circuit through the transmitting keys of the
sender's instrument can be manually broken by depressing one of said keys. In
order to effect an impression at both instruments, use is made of an electro-
mechanical device adapted to momentarily break and then close the printing line
at a point between its generator and its point of division into parallel circuits, so
that the impressions may be taken at both instruments while the printing circuit is
momentarily broken. This electro-mechanical device is constituted and operated as
follows: The two branch printing circuits pass respectively through the coils of
two relays which close through their armature-levers and front contacts a local
battery circuit through the coils of the pole changer magnet. Either relay will
break this local circuit when the branch of the parallel printing circuit through it
is broken at a key, and the consequent reversal of the current of the type wheel
line circuit due to the breaking of the local circuit through the pole-changer
magnet, will cause the alternator and type-wheels to he arrested, as is fully set
forth in the English Patent No. 6846, dated April 21st, 1891, herein before cited.
The magnet of the circuit interrupting device may be included in the local circuit
with the pole changer magnet, so that the pole-changer is operated to arrest the
type-wheels and the interrupter is actuated to momentarily break and then close
the printing line between the generator and the point at which the printing line
diverges in parallel circuits, whereby impressions are taken at the arrested type-
wheels of the subscribers' instruments in consequence of the momentary interruption
of the parallel printing circuits.
The nature, scope and characteristic features of our invention will be more fully
understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying
drawings forming part hereof; and in which
Figure 1, is diagrammatic view illustrating a printing telegraph embodying
features of our invention, and showing a central station provided with generators,
an alternator, a pole-changer, relays, printing line interrupter and terminals, and
showing two subscribers' instruments adapted to be connected at said terminals, and
also showing complete circuits for operating the same.
Fig. 2, is a perspective view illustrating the principal parts of a tape-printer and
showing the sunflower indicator, the escapement devices, unison devices and
printing devices embodying features of our invention.
Fig. 3, is a detail elevational view partly in section showing the type-wheels,

page_text: springs for causing the type-wheels to print singly.
Fig. 4, is a side elevational view of the printing pallet-lever, showing the pallet
guide box, pallet-block and printing pallet, and also showing the paper feeding and
guiding devices embodying features of our invention.
Fig. 5, is a detached plan view of the pallet guide-box, pallet-block and printing
pallet, showing springs for controlling the pallet-block and a rod for shifting the
latter; and
Fig. 6, is a top or plan view of Fig. 4 with certain of the devices for guiding the
paper tape omitted.
Referring now more particularly to Fig. 2, the escapement magnets M' and M',
when energized by alternating currents in a manner hereinafter fully described,
vibrate a polarized arinature m', attached to one end of an armature lever m³,
pivotally supported by means of trunnions m³, and provided at the other extremity
thereof with pallets m' that co-operate with an escape-wheel m, and thereby control
the step by step rotation of the type-wheel shaft no. The number of teeth on the
escape-wheel m, is equal to one half the number of divisions or characters of the
type-wheel, consequently the type-wheel is advanced one division or character at
each reversal of current in the type-wheel line. It being understood that the
type-wheel shaft no, is driven through the intervention of any suitable power
appliance, not shown. L, is a sunflower indicator rigidly attached to the frame-work
of the machine, not shown, and provided with a circular series of insulated
segmental contacts, disposed concentrically in respect to the type-wbeel shaft no.
A trailer, mounted on an arm 1, carried by a hub , secured to and insulated
from the type-wheel shaft no, sweeps over the insulated segments, of the
sunflower indicator L. 1, is a hub also secured to and insulated from the type-wheel
shaft no, and arranged in electrical connection with the hub 1. 1, is an insulated
spring that bears on the periphery of the hub . The circuit connections for the
spring 1, and sunflower indicator L, as well as the circuits for the whole apparatus
will be hereinafter described with special reference to Fig. 1.
73
,
n, is a unison spiral rigidly mounted on the type-wheel shaft n10, and n³, is a
pivotally supported unison latch that terminates in a pin working in the spiral
groove of the unison spiral n". The armature n1, of the printing magnet N3, is
attached to a lever n, connected by a link n", with a lever or arm n28, rigidly
attached to and projecting radially from a shaft n". This lever or arm 23, is
provided with a right angular projection n", disposed in range of the unison
latch n, and adapted to lift the same out of engagement with the unison spiral n
every time the magnet N2, is demagnetized. It being understood that the lever or
arm 28, moves upwards under the influence of a spring n¹, hereinafter more fully
described. On the shaft n, are also rigidly mounted the shifting lever n", and the
pallet levers n' and n°. The free extremity of the shifting lever n", is provided
with a bent arm 25, to which is pivoted a T-lever n38, forked at its lower extremity
so as to engage a pin n³, projecting from the shifting bar n³. 3, is an arm
depending from the shifting-lever n2, and provided with an aperture, in which one
extremity of the shifting bar n³, is afforded freedom of endwise play. n, is an
arm depending from the lever n, and connected with the retracting spring nl,
which causes the printing pallet to make an impression whenever the circuit through
the magnet N2, is interrupted. The shifting bar n³, passes through the pallet
block N, and is rigidly secured thereto. 18 and n, are stops secured to the
26 and n, are
shifting barn, and adapted to limit its range of movement.
collars or hubs mounted on the type-wheel shaft n10, and provided with projecting
pins and n, Fig. 3, whereof one n" corresponds with the unison position of the
type-wheels and the other with the second position in advance of the unison
position. The periphery of the type-wheel N₁, is provided with letters of the
alphabet, punctuation marks, blanks, etc., not shown, and the periphery of the
type-wheel N³, is provided with numerals, fractions conventional signs, etc., not
shown. The demagnetization of the magnet N³, at the unisou position of the

page_text: type-wheels permits the T-lever, moving upward under the influence of the spring n
to impinge upon the pin n, whereby the printing pallet n", is shifted directly
beneath the type-wheel N, and the demagnetization of the magnet N, at the second
position of the type-wheels in advance of the unison position permits the T-lever
moving under the influence of the spring n¹, to impinge upon the pin n", whereby
the printing pallet n", is brought directly beneath the type-wheel N³, and an
impression is of course taken from the respective type-wheels at every break in the
circuit of the printing line. Therefore, when the type-wheels have been arrested
at the unison position and the pallet levers are actuated, the printing pallet will be
shifted into position to print from the letter type-wheel in one-continuous line near
one edge of the paper or tape, and when the type-wheels have been arrested at the
second position after the unisoning of the instrument, the pallet levers are then
actuated, the printing pallet is shifted into position to print from the figure type-
wheel in a continuous line parallel to the letter line and near the other edge of
the paper or tape. It will be understood that when printing figures, if the printing
pallet is actuated at the unison position of the type-wheels, said pallet will be
shifted into the position to print letters.
It may be remarked that the novel details comprising part of our invention and
illustrated in Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive, relate more particularly to apparatus for
effecting impressions from two type-wheels, and will now be described.
On the pallet levers n' and n³, is rigidly secured a guide-box n, in which the
pallet block N, is permitted to slide transversely of and directly beneath the type-
wheels. It should be borne in mind that the shifting-bar n³, that carries the
pallet-block N, passes through and works freely in slots in the side walls of the
guide-box n. The printing pallet n", is firmly secured to the pallet block N, and
consequently moves with it.
The paper tape N', passes between guide-pins n", under a pin n, over the
pallet n and through an axially slotted pin 235, and then between the pressure
roll n, and the flanged feed-roll n". n', are twin springs secured to each side of
the pallet-block N. The shanks of these springs are bent or curved outward
around the edges of the paper tape N1, Fig. 3, thus allowing clearance at each
side of the tape to permit of the shifting of the block N, without moving the
paper tape laterally, and the extremities of these springs are bent inward over and
above the paper tape, Fig. 3, in such manner that a space is afforded between their
adjacent extremities, for permitting the pallet n, to pass between them, whenever
it is effecting an impression. When the printing block N, has been shifted into
position for bringing the pallet n", under the type-wheel N³, the pins no, moving
under the influence of the springs n³, fastened to the guide-box n², drop into
indentations n, in the printing block, and when the printing block N, has been
shifted into position for bringing the pallet n", under the type-wheel N, the
pins n, moving under the influence of the springs n", drop into indentations n
in the printing block, so that accidental lateral movements of the pallet n", while
impressions are being taken by it from the type-wheel under which it has been
shifted, are prevented. ", is a feed-roll revolubly mounted upon a pin projecting
from the face plate of the instrument, not shown, and provided with a feed ratchet-
wheel, and with a counter ratchet-wheel n10, rigidly secured thereto. n, is a
pawl pivotally mounted upon the curved extremity no, of the pallet-lever n³, and
held in engagement with the ratchet-wheel n*, by means of a spring n, engaging
a projection on the pawl n', Fig. 4. A pawl n, is rigidly secured to the pallet-
lever n, and is adapted to engage the teeth of the counter ratchet-wheel n.
When the circuit is broken through the printing magnet N, the printing pallet n,
moving under the influence of the spring n, strikes the paper tape N', the
pawl n', slips over a tooth of the ratchet-wheel 8, into position for feeding the
latter, and the pawl, clears the teeth of the counter ratchet-wheel n¹º.
the circuit is closed through the magnet N, it attracts its armaturen, thus
shifting the pallet-levers n' and n³, downwards and causing the pawl n', to rotate
the ratchet-wheel n8, and feed-roll n", whereupon the pawl n, engages the counter
When

page_text: ratchet-wheel no, and thus checks and limits the rotary motion of the feed-
roll . It may be remarked that the springs n' and n³ and their accessories, as
well as the feeding devices hereinabove last described, operate with positive
certainty to effectually prevent blurring of the impressions and to feed the paper
tape in such manner that regular spaces of uniform length occur between the words
and letters.
The operation of printing by means of the instruments hereinabove described
and through the instrumentality of parallel printing and type-wheel circuits will
now be explained with special reference to Fig. 1.
One terminal e¹, of a generator E, which may be a compound wound dynamo
machine, as shown, with a shunt resistance E³, interposed between its leads, is
connected by a conductor 1 to one spring f, of a pole-changer F, and the other
terminal e, of said generator is connected by a conductor 1, to the other spring f1,
of the pole-changer F, thence the type-wheel circuit is through the back-stops
or f³, and conductor 2, to the insulated springs c' and c³, of an alternator C. The
lever, of the pole changer F1, is connected by a conductor 2" to the springs c'
and, of the alternator C. The contacts cand c, of the alternator C, are
insulated from the shaft a', and from the contacts c" and e", but are in electrical
connection with the hub c, and the contacts c¹ and c¹³, are in electrical connection
with the hub. The terminal spring c, of the alternator C, is connected to
earth by a conductor 3, and the terminal spring e, of the alternator C, is connected
to line through a conductor 4, magnets G of the polarized relay, and conductor 5,
to the terminal block K. T, is a local battery that alternately energizes the
magnets B and B', when the circuits 10 and 11 thereof, are alternately closed at
the stops 9 and 9, by the vibration of the tongue g', of the polarized relay G.
These magnets B and B', vibrate an escapement lever 62, which controls the step
by step movement of the escape wheel, mounted on the shaft a', of the alternator.
When a plug k, is inserted in the aperture k', of the terminal block K, and a
plug, is inserted in the aperture 7, the type-wheel circuits are in parallel from
the terminal block K, through conductors 6, to the escapement magnets M¹
and M³, of two communicating subscribers' instruments. These type-wheel circuits
then pass through the coils of the magnets M' and M*, of the respective instruments
in reverse direction and thence to earth by conductors 7. It may be remarked
that in practice the resistances of the branch type-wheel circuits must be equalized
to give equal strength of current to the respective instruments. Moreover, by
making the resistance of the printing circuits, to be presently described, equal to
the resistance of the type-wheel circuits, one generator may be employed to furnish
currents for both circuits, and numerous other alternators, pole changers, terminal
station apparatus and terminal blocks may be included in multiple are circuits and
many instruments may be operated thereby at the same time through the
instrumentality of currents through multiple arc circuits from one generator.
In Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing a separate generator E', for the printing
circuits, is shown. However the printing circuits themselves are the same as if
they were derived from one terminal of the generator E, and will now be described.
E3, is an outside shunt resistance interposed between the leads of the generator E.
The terminal e, of this generator E', is connected to earth at the generator, and
the terminal, is connected by a conductor 20, to the unison magnet D, thence
through its coils and by a conductor 21 to the insulated spring i, of an interrupter,
through one of the radial metallic contacts and hub 2, mounted on and insulated
from the shaft, thence by a spring, and conductor 22, to the relay magnets H
and H', through the coils of which the circuit divides in parallel and continues by
two separate conductors 23 to the separate terminal blocks and k³.
When a
plug, terminating the printing line of the subscribers' instrument shown at the
left hand side of Fig. 1, is inserted in an aperture in the terminal block 18, and a
plug 4, terminating the printing line of the subscribers' communicating instrument
shown at the right hand side of Fig. 1, is inserted in an aperture in the terminal
block, the printing circuits continue in parallel by conductors 25, to the printing

page_text: magnets N³, and through the coils of the same, by conductors 26, to insulated
springs, to hubs ", to trailers 12 and to segments 1³, by conductors 27 to keys o³,
and metallic bars o³, and thence by conductors 28 to earth. T', is a local battery
which through the circuits 30, 31, 32 and 33, energizes the interrupter magnet I,
and also the pole-changer magnet F, when both the relay maguets H and H', are
simultaneously energized by the printing line parallel circuits, thus causing the
levers and he, to contact with the front stops and 15, but the circuit of the
local battery T¹, is interrupted when either the lever h or lever h, falls away from
its front stop under the influence of its retracting spring in consequence of the
interruption of the circuit in one of the parallel printing lines. It may be remarked
that the resistances E and E³, are inserted between the leads of the dynamo E
and E, to prevent a break of circuit through the field magnets when the line
circuit is interrupted and that incandescent lamps may be conveniently employed
for this purpose.
When the circuit of the local battery T¹, is closed the armature f, of the pole
changer, is attracted to its magnet, and the type-wheel line circuits through the
alternator C, are in such direction in consequence of its connections through the
pole changer that the alternator shaft a', permitted to revolve automatically in
consequence of the continuous alternation of current, and by reason of the fact that
the pulley A, on the shaft a', is solicited by a suitable power appliance, not shown.
At the same time the armature 7, of the interrupter is attracted by the magnet I,
energized by the current of the closed circuit of the local battery T¹.
When the circuit of the local battery T¹, is interrupted, the magnet of the pole
changer is demagnetized and consequently the pole changer moving under the
influence of its retracting spring suddenly changes the direction of the current
through the alternator C, and polarized relay G, whereupon the tongue g', of the
relay G, immediately ceases to vibrate, so that the armature b³, of the pallet-
lever, is permanently attracted by one of the magnets B and B', thereby causing
the pallet-lever 12, to hold the escape-wheel b, and consequently arrest the
alternator. At the same time the magnet I, of the interrupter, is demagnetized
and the lever, moving under the influence of its retracting spring, causes the
pawl, to engage the ratchet-wheel, and thus rotate the shaft is, and radial
contacts of the interrupter. This movement of the shaft 3, and parts
connected therewith, causes the spring i, to ride from one radial contact i', across
the intervening insulating material and to the next radial contact, thus temporarily
breaking and again closing the circuit of the printing line between the terminal e³,
of the generator E', and the dividing point of the circuit to the relays H and H',
so that the interruptions that occur between the contacts i³, of the interrupter,
serve to interrupt the parallel printing circuits.
When the type-wheels are running the parallel printing circuits are in closed
circuit through the sunflowers and keys of communicating instruments, and the
pallet levers n and n³, and pallets n", are held away from the type-wheels by the
magnets N. At the instrument employed for sending messages to a communicating
instrument, a key o', may be depressed in the usual manner. The depression of this
key breaks at the contact o³, one branch of the closed printing circuit through one
of the relay magnets H or H. This demagnetization of the relay magnets H
or Hinterrupts the local circuit of the battery T', thus causing the pole changer
magnet F, to suddenly arrest the type-wheels of both instruments, whereupon the
interrupter, by reason of the break in the circuit of the local battery T', breaks
temporarily the main printing circuit 20, from the terminal e³, of the generator E¹.
During this interval, the printing magnets N³, are demagnetized at both com-
municating instruments, and the springs n16, cause the printing pallets n, to make
the impression of the character indicated by the key depressed at the sending
instrument. The unison-latch de, of the alternator, is released every time the
magnet D, is demaguetized by the interruption of the circuit of the printing line,
and the unison latches n2, of communicating instruments are released every time
the magnets N³, are demagnetized. When no key is depressed, the type-wheels of

page_text: both connected instruments are automatically run to unison by pulsations in line,
and the alternator, making one more revolution than the type-wheels, is arrested in
unison with the type-wheels. While a key o¹, remains depressed, the circuit of the
local battery T¹, cannot close, because a branch line through one of the magnets H
or H', is broken. However, the type-wheels of both instruments will start as soon
as both branch printing lines have been closed, and the pole-changer has reversed
the direction of the current in the type-wheel circuit through the alternator and
polarized relay. It may be remarked that in sending a message, another key
should be depressed before the previously depressed key has been released, in
order to prevent the sunflower trailer 2, from passing over a segment 13, indicating
the next character to be printed before the key connected with that segment has
been depressed. At unison position the printing pallet n, is normally under the
type-wheel N', or will be shifted into that position by the pin n", and T-lever n³,
before the pallet n, causes the paper tape to strike the type-wheel.. A blank
space used for spacing between words is located at the unison position of the type-
wheels. At the second division after unison, the T-lever n, will strike the pin n¹³,
and shift the printing pallet under the type-wheel N³, as soon as the printing
magnet N, is demagnetized.
3H
It may be remarked that other printing circuits in multiple arc, may be derived
from the generator E', and used for energizing other systems of relay magnets H
and H', and for affording other terminals and k², that may be employed for other
communicating instruments, and it may be further remarked that by employing
lines of equal resistance the system of alternators, polarized relays, pole-changers,
relays and interrupters may be re-duplicated to any desired extent, and all of these
devices may be supplied with current in multiple are from one or more generators,
so as to furnish idle terminals, by means of which it is possible to connect, as
required, the numerous lines radiating from one general exchange to a great
number of subscribers' instruments. In this connection use may be made of the
apparatus for and methods of signalling fully illustrated and described in the
English Letters Patent No. 6846 of April 21st, 1891, and hereinabove referred to.
It will be manifestly obvious that our invention is not to be limited to the
employment of the specific devices shown and described for interrupting and again
closing the printing circuits, because modifications may be readily made in the
same. Moreover, we do not wish to limit ourselves to any specific number of
generators, because the employment of one or more generators is within the scope
of our invention. Furthermore, our invention is not limited to the employment of
printing instruments designed for use as stock printers, because our novel controlling
devices and circuits may be employed to operate page printers, and also tape
printers of numerous types, provided the circuits actuating the same are controlled
by alternators and printing circuit devices located at an exchange station.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An exchange system of printing telegraphy comprising subscribers instru-
ments, printing and type-wheel circuits in parallel to earth at the respective
instruments and a central station having devices and their complemental circuits
for controlling the pole changer and alternator and for effecting impressions at the
subscribers' instruments, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, normally closed parallel
printing circuits, a relay, a transmitting instrument, a local circuit, a pole changer,
an interrupting device, and said printing circuits adapted to operate said relay by
the depression of a key of the transmitting instrument or instruments to break the
local circuit through the pole changer device adapted to arrest the type-wheels of
the instrument or instruments and through the interrupting device to break and
again close the said printing circuit for effecting an impression from the arrested
type-wheels, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 3. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, an electric generator, an
alternator and its complemental pole changer in a type-wheel line circuit from the
generator, an escapement, escapement magnets located in a local circuit and
controlling the rotation of the alternator, a polarized-relay controlling the local
circuit, a line from one terminal of said alternator to earth, a line from the other
terminal of the alternator to a terminal block at an exchange or central station
through said polarized-relay, communicating subscribers' instruments provided with
type-wheels and their complemental polarized escapement armature and escapement
magnets, sunflower indicators and keys and with printing maguets, type-wheel
circuits in parallel from said terminal block to earth through said escapement
magnets, and printing circuits in parallel through the sunflower indicators, keys and
printing magnets of the communicating instruments, substantially as described.
4. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, a central station provided with
a generator and with mechanical and electrical devices and their accessories, for
alternating and reversing the current in a type-wheel line leading to terminals at
said station, subscribers' instruments, type-wheel circuits in parallel from said
terminal to earth through the escapement magnets of said communicating instru-
ments and printing circuits in parallel through the indicators, keys and printing
magnets of said communicating instruments, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
5. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, a central station provided with
an electric generator and with mechanical and electrical devices including an
alternator for alternating and a pole changer for reversing the current in a type-
wheel line connected with one terminal of the alternator and leading to a terminal
block, a line from the other terminal of the alternator to earth, communicating
subscribers' instruments provided with type-wheels and their complemental polarized
escapement armatures and escapement magnets, sunflower indicators, keys and
printing magnets, type-wheel circuits in parallel from said terminal block to earth
through said escapement magnets, and printing circuits in parallel through the
indicators, keys and printing magnets of the communicating instruments, sub-
stantially as described.
6. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, an electric generator, a pole-
changer and its magnet, a circuit interrupter and its magnet adapted to momentarily
break and close a printing circuit, an alternator and its unison magnet and
controlling devices, a local battery circuit through said pole-changer magnet and
interrupter magnet, two neutral relays adapted to close at their front contacts the
circuit of said local battery and either relay adapted to break said local circuit,
communicating instruments having sunflower indicators, escapements, type-wheels,
keys and printing magnets and devices, type-wheel circuits in parallel, and a
printing line circuit from one electrode of said generator through the contacts of
said interrupter, thence in parallel through each of the magnets of said relays, sun-
flower indicators, printing magnets and keys of the communicating instruments to
earth, the arrangement being such that a break in either branch of the parallel
printing circuits at & depressed key breaks the local circuit and arrests the
alternator and the type-wheels of the communicating instruments and momentarily
breaks and again closes the printing line circuits, thereby effecting impressions from
the type-wheels of communicating instruments.
7. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, an electric generator, a type-
wheel line in parallel, mechanical, and electrical devices controlled by a pole
changer adapted to arrest the type-wheels, a local battery circuit through the
magnets of said pole-changer, two relays adapted to close at their front contacts
the circuit of said local battery and either relay adapted to break said local circuit,
an interrupter interposed in said local circuit and adapted to momentarily break
and close a printing line circuit in parallel through the magnets of said relays and
thence through the keys and magnets of communicating instruments to earth, the
arrangement being such that a break in either branch of the parallel printing
circuits at a depressed key arrests the type-wheels of communicating instruments

page_text: and momentarily breaks and again closes the printing line circuit, thereby effecting
impressions at the communicating instruments during a break of circuit.
8. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, a type-wheel line and its
accessories in parallel, a printing line and its accessories in parallel, a local battery
circuit and its accessories for causing the type-wheel line to arrest the type-wheels,
two relays adapted to close at their front contacts the circuit of said local battery
and either relay adapted to break said local circuit and an interrupter interposed
in the local circuit and adapted to momentarily break and close the printing circuit
before it divides in parallel, the arrangement being such that a break in either
branch of the parallel printing circuits arrests the type-wheels of communicating
instruments and momentarily breaks and again closes the printing line circuits,
thereby effecting impressions at the communicating instruments.
9. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, a central or exchange station
provided with. an automatically controlled alternator, unison and pole-changing
devices, an interrupter having its contacts in the undivided portion of the printing
circuit from one electrode of a generator and with relays controlling the interrupter
and located in the divided portion of the printing circuits, and communicating
subscribers' instruments provided with indicators and keys interposed in said divided
portion of the printing circuits and with connections for conveying said circuits to
earth at said instruments, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
10. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy a central station provided with
an interrupter having its contacts in the undivided portion of the printing circuits
and with relays controlling the interrupter and interposed in the divided portion of
the printing circuits, and cominunicating instruments provided with indicators and
keys and printing magnets interposed in said divided portion of the printing circuits,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
11. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy an automatically controlled
alternator, unison and pole changing devices, an interrupter having its contacts in
the undivided portion of the printing circuits from one electrode of a generator, and
relays in the divided portion of the printing circuits from said electrode and
communicating instruments provided with indicators and keys interposed in said
divided portion of the printing circuits, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
12. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, an automatically controlled
alternator, unison, pole-changing and interrupting devices and their magnets and
line contacts, a printing circuit from one electrode of an electric generator through
the contacts of said interrupter, neutral relays in each of two sub-divisions of said
printing circuit, a local battery circuit through the levers and stops of said relays
and the magnets of said interrupter and pole-changer, and communicating instru-
ments provided with indicators, keys and printing magnets and devices located in
said divided circuit, the construction and arrangement being such, that the
depresion of a key demagnetizes said pole changer magnet and reverses said pole-
changer, interrupts and closes said printing circuit, and effects impressions on two
communicating instruments, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
13. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, an automatically controlled
alternator and its accessories for reversing and alternating the current, a type-
wheel line, an interrupter and its magnets, a single printing circuit through the
contacts of said interrupter, neutral relays in each of two sub-divisions of said
single printing circuit, a local battery circuit through the levers and stops of said
relays and the magnets of said interrupter, and communicating instruments provided
with indicators, keys and printing magnets and devices in said divided circuit, the
construction and arrangement being such, that the depression of a key reverses said
pole-changer, interrupts and closes said single circuit and effects impressions on two
communicating instruments during the interruption of said circuit, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
14. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy a pole-changer and its
arcessories, an interrupter, a single circuit from one electrode of an electric

page_text: generator through the contacts of said interrupter, neutral relays in each of two
sub-divisions of said single circuit, a local battery circuit through the levers and
stops of said relays and the magnets of said interrupter and pole-changer, and
communicating instruments having their keys and printing magnets and devices in
said divided circuit, the construction and arrangement being such, that the
depression of a key reverses said pole-changer, interrupts and closes said single-
circuit and effects impressions at two communicating instruments during the
interruption of said circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
15. In a double line exchange system of printing telegraphy, electric-generators,
alternators and controlling devices at an exchange-station, type-wheel lines in
parallel from said alternator to communicating instruments, and printing lines in
parallel from one electrode of an exchange generator to said instruments, substan-
tially as and for the purposes set forth.
16. In a double line exchange system of printing telegraphy, electric generators,
alternators and controlling devices at an exchange station, type-wheel circuits to
said alternator and thence to ground and in parallel to communicating instruments,
and printing lines in parallel from one electrode of an exchange generator to said
instruments, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
17. In a double line exchange system of printing telegraphy, electric generators,
a pole-changer and controlling devices at an exchange station, type-wheel lines in
parallel from said communicating instruments, and printing lines in parallel from
one electrode of an exchange generator to said instruments, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
18. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, alternating devices, arresting
devices and electric generators at an exchange or central station, communicating
instruments provided respectively with type-wheel printing lines in parallel from
said generators through said alternating and arresting devices, relays in the parallel
printing circuits, and interrupting-devices interposed in a local circuit controlled by
said relays and the contacts of said interrupting-devices included in the printing
circuit and operating by the breaking of a branch printing circuit to momentarily
break and close the parallel printing circuits of two communicating instruments,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
19. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, electric-generators, alternators
and arresting devices at an exchange or central station, interrupting devices,
relays controlling said devices, communicating printing instruments having type-
wheel escapement devices, printing devices, indicating devices and key-boards and
type-wheel and printing circuits in parallel from said generators, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
20. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, an exchange or central station,
printing instruments having type-wheels, escapement magnets and devices, printing
magnets and devices, indicators and key-boards, type-wheel and printing circuits
respectively in parallel and converging to terminals at said station, and electric-
generators, alternating, arresting and interrupting devices located at said station and
included in the circuit of said generators and terminals and operating to control the
parallel type-wheel and printing circuits through said instruments, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
21. In an exchange system of printing telegraphy, electric-generators, alternators,
arresting and circuit interrupting devices at an exchange or central station and in
multiple arc circuits from said generators, terminals for the printing and type-wheel
circuits of the respective alternators and arresting devices and type-wheel and
printing lines converging from the respective printing instruments to said exchange
or central station, the resistances of said type-wheel and printing lines being
balanced to permit of their connection in multiple arc at will to the terminals
of different alternators and arresting devices, whereby many communicating instru-
meuts may be operated in multiple arc from one or more generators, substantially
as set forth.
19
18
22. The combination of the printing magnet N³, arinature ¹³, armature lever n¹,

page_text: link, shaft n¹, lever 2, curved arm n", T-lever n38, shifting-bar n³, pin n³,
pallet levers n' and n³, guide-box n², pallet-block N, printing pallet n", springs n',
and means for operating the T-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
23. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of two type-wheels, a printing
pallet disposed between twin springs secured to a block and having portions bent
outward around the edges of the paper or tape to allow clearance at each side to
permit of the shifting of said block without moving the paper or tape and the
said springs bent in ward over and above said paper or tape to provide space between
their adjacent ends to permit said pallet to pass between said springs while an
impression is being effected, and means for actuating said pallet, substantially as
set forth.
24. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of two type-wheels, a printing
pallet arranged between twin springs secured to a block so as to leave a
clearance or space between adjacent ends thereof, and means, substantially as
described, for shifting said pallet transversely of and into contact with said type-
wheels so as to cause said springs moving with said pallet to cover the characters
on one of the type-wheels and expose the characters on the other of said wheels,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
25. The combination of the pallet levers and n³, guide-box mounted thereon,
pallet block N adapted to move freely in said guide-box, shifting-bar n³ secured in
Baid pallet-block, springs n' integral with said pallet block, springs n secured to
said guide-box and carrying pins 30 and 31 adapted to engage in indentations n³
and in the pallet-block N, and means for operating the shifting-bar n³,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
7t
26. In a printing telegraph, a printing-block working in a guide-box provided
with spring controlled pins tending to engage said block and prevent accidental
movement thereof, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
27. In a printing telegraph, type-wheels, pallet-levers provided with a guide-box,
a printing-block movable in said guide-box, means for actuating said block, and
spring controlled pins tending to engage recesses in said block to prevent
accidental movement thereof, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
28. In a printing telegraph, type-wheels, pallet-levers provided with a guide-box,
a printing block movable in said guide-block, springs moving with said block and
serving to cover one and expose the other of the type-wheels, and spring controlled
pins tending to engage recesses in said block to prevent accidental movement
thereof, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
29. The combination of the pallet lever nº, pawl n', spring n³, ratchet-wheel nº,
counter-pawl n³, counter ratchet-wheel n10, feed-roller n¹, and pressure roller 1,
all operating to feed the paper tape with a regular intermittent motion, whereby
the letters and characters are evenly spaced, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
30. The combination of the pallet lever n³, pawl 7, spring n", ratchet-wheel,
counter-pawl, counter ratchet-wheel and feed roller ", operating to feed the
paper tape with a regular intermittent motion, whereby the letters and characters
are evenly spaced,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
31. The combination in a printing telegraph, of two type-wheels, a feed roll
provided with ratchet-wheels, a printing pallet lever having a pawl and a counter-
pawl, the construction being such, as to respectively rotate and to check the feed-
roll, and means for actuating the same, whereby impressions on the paper in either
of two parallel lines and either of the type-wheels is effected, substantially as shown
and for the purposes set forth.
32. In a printing telegraph, a type-wheel shaft provided with type-wheels and
pins, a printing magnet for operating a shaft provided with a radial-arm, a T-lever
mounted on said arm and adapted to contact with said pius and shift a rectangular
pallet block provided with printing springs, a printing pallet-lever, a feed-roller
provided with a ratchet and a counter ratchet-wheel, and a pawl and-a counter-pawl

page_text: carried by the printing pallet-lever, the construction and arrangement being such
that impressions are effected on a paper tape in either of two parallel lines and from
either of the type-wheels, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
33. In a printing telegraph, a type-wheel shaft 10, type-wheels N' and N' and
pins and n mounted on said type-wheel shaft, in combination with a printing-
magnet N, its armature and lever, a spring controlled shaft n", a link ", a
lever na lever n38 mounted on a lever n, a pallet lever, a rectangular shifting
pallet block, a feed roller, a ratchet and a counter ratchet wheel, a pawl and a
counter-pawl, the construction and arrangement being such that impressions on a
paper tape are effected in a straight line from either of said type-wheels,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
34. In a printing telegraph, the pallet lever n°, pawl n', spring 7. and counter-
pawl no, in combination with a feed-roller n", provided with a ratchet-wheel n³ and
a counter ratchet-wheel no, a pressure roller n", guide-pins n and n³, and a slotted
pin n, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
35. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a type-wheel, a feed roll
provided with ratchet-wheels adapted to be actuated so as to rotate and check said
feed roll and a slotted pin between said type-wheel and roll for guiding the paper
thereto, substantially as shown and set forth.
36. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of two type-wheels, a printing
pallet disposed between twin springs secured to a block so as to leave a clearance
between adjacent ends thereof, a feed-roll provided with ratchet and counter-
ratchet wheels, pins for presenting a paper tape to said printing-pallet and a slotted
pin for guiding said paper tape to the feed-roll, substantially as shown and for the
purposes set forth.
37. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of type-wheels, a printing-pallet
arranged beneath twin springs secured to a block connected with a shifting-lever,
ineans substantially as described, for actuating said lever and block, a feed-roll
provided with ratchet wheels, pins for presenting a paper tape to the printing
pallet, a slotted pin for guiding said paper-tape to the feed-roll and means, sub-
stantially as described, for actuating said feed-roll, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
38. In a printing telegraph, a guide-box n², mounted on pallet levers n' and no,
in combination with the pallet block N, secured to the shifting bar n³, the printing
pallet n, integral with said pallet block N, the retaining springs n³, secured to the
guide-box n², pins no and n³¹, attached to said springs and tending to engage the
indentations and n", in the pallet block N and the curved springs n', secured to
said pallet block and passing over the paper tape N', the extremities of the
springs n', being separated for a distance equal to or greater than the thickness of
the face of the type-wheels N' and N₁, to permit of the taking of impressions from
either type-wheel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
39. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of a shaft provided with type-
wheels and pins, a printing magnet for operating a shaft provided with an arm, a
lever mounted on said arm and adapted to contact with said pins and shift a block
provided with springs, a feed-roll provided with ratchet-wheels, a printing pallet
lever having a pawl and a counter pawl, the construction and arrangement being
such as to respectively rotate and check said feed-roll, and means, as described, for
actuating the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this 25th day of September A.D. 1893.
SAMUEL RUSH LINVILLE.
LOUIS FREDERICK HETTMANSPERGER.
J. G. Lorrain,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, London, W.C.,
Associate Agent for Applicants.