prove
Year: 1898

page_text: ImproveD
I, JOHN DEMPSTER WHYTE, of 31, Lime Avenue, Urmston, near Manchester,
n the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
ion to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to spinning mules and has reference particularly to
mprovements upon a former invention for which I have obtained Her Majesty's
Letters Patent No. 23069 of 1896.
In the Specification of my said former Letters Patent I have described a
method of cross winding cops in a spinning mule.
To effect this I vibrated the yarn in the space between the spindle and winding
faller wire by means of an interposed series of travelling double inclines.
The object of my present invention is partly to simplify the means whereby the
double inclines are traversed to and fro and are gradually raised to effect the
building of the cops.
دو
To effect this I provide the incline carrier as before with rack teeth gearing
with a pinion. Instead of obtaining the reverse revolutions of the pinion through
a train of gearing driven from the winding drum, I provide the carriage "square"
with an auxiliary shaft mounted to revolve in suitable bearings. A pinion is
keyed upon this shaft which meshes with a rack suitably disposed on the floor
of the room so that on the alternate run in and out of the carriage the pinion
and shaft are revolved in reverse directions.
A suitable train of gearing communicates this reverse rotation to the shaft upon
which is mounted the pinion gearing with the rack teeth on the incline carrier
thus providing for the reciprocatory motion of the incline carrier.
The copping motion to provide for the raising of the inclines to build up the
cops I effect as follows.
The auxiliary shaft mounted in the carriage square is provided with a wheel
carrying on its periphery one, two or more teeth or projections. As the wheel
is revolved during the run in of the carriage the teeth come into contact with
and vibrate a pivotted lever to which is secured or connected a pawl engaging
with a ratchet wheel mounted on a shaft revolving in suitable bearings. The shaft
on which the ratchet wheel is mounted is thus intermittently revolved and a worm
mounted on this shaft actuates a worm wheel.
The worm wheel operates to wind on chains secured to "pokers" connected at
their upper ends to the inclined carrier slide so that the pull on the chains gradually
raises the carrier slide as the building of the cops proceeds. As the carriage runs
out the lever operating the pawl is removed from the path of the toothed wheel
so that the ratchet wheel is unaffected.
Instead of the ratchet motion as described I may employ any suitable gearing
mount the pinion recipro-
to operate the worm shaft from the auxiliary shaft.
cating the incline carrier, to slide upon its shaft and raise it simultaneously with
the carrier by means of fingers or other suitable means secured to the carrier
slide or lifting nokers.

page_text: Instead of using a series of double inclines as described in the Specification of
my said former Letters Patent 1 may employ a number of single inclined planes
one to each spindle and reciprocate the same a short distance by suitable means
such as an excentric or cam motion or the like. By these means each thread
is caused to slide up and down its single inclined plane and is thus wound upon the
spindle in coarsely pitched spirals to produce a cross wound cop. Instead of
inclined plane surfaces the surfaces may be curved to some extent.
To remove the inclined planes so as to enable the cops to be doffed I raise the
pinion which drives the incline carrier so that the pokers which are suitably
pivotted may be actuated to cant the inclines from the spindle and thus present
no obstruction to the doffing of the cops.
I, JOHN DEMPSTER WHYTE, of 31, Lime Avenue, Urmston, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings.
My said invention relates to spinning mules and has reference particularly to
improvements upon a former invention for which I have obtained Her Majesty's
Letters Patent No. 23069 of 1896.
In the Specification of my said former Letters Patent I have described a
method of cross winding cops in a spinning mule.
To effect this I vibrated the yarn in the space between the spindle and winding
faller wire by means of an interposed series of travelling double inclines.
My present invention relates to improved means for traversing the inclines
to and iro and for gradually raising them to effect the building of the cop. Instead
of using such a series of travelling double inclines as described in the Specification
of my former Letters Patent, 1 may employ a series of single inclined planes,
which might be slighly curved, one to each spindle and reciprocate the same
a short distance by suitable means such as a cam or excentric. The thread is thus
caused to slide up and down its single inclined plane and is thus wound upon
the spindle in coarsely pitched spirals to produce a cross wound cop. I have
successfully experimented with this series of single reciprocating inclined or
curved planes with means for raising the same to effect the building of the cops.
The following description and accompanying drawings are therefore mainly
devoted to this method of carrying my invention into effect although, as will
hereafter be described, my improvements are also applicable to the series of
travelling double inclines described in the Specification of my said former Letters
Patent.
I will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying five sheets
of drawings.
On Sheet 1.
Fig. 1 shows in elevation a portion of the carriage square of a spinning mule
with part of my invention applied.
Fig. 2 is a cross section thereof

page_text: echanism.
On Sheet 2.
Figs. 5 and 6 are a sectional end view and front elevation respectively, of the
ingle curved inclines, which, as in the case of the double inclines, are arranged
etween the spindles and winding faller wire and showing the means for recipro-
ating and raising the same.
Fig. 7 is a plan view of the excentric and strap.
On Sheet 3.
Figs. 8 and 9 show more particularly the means I employ to actuate the faller
ocking lever.
On Sheet 4.
Figs. 10 to 12 indicate the quadrant movement used in conjunction with my
nvention.
On Sheet 5.
Figs. 13 and 14 show a modified method of reciprocating the incline carrier and
Figs. 15 to 17 relates to the means for employing a series of travelling double
inclines.
In carrying my invention into effect I provide a rack a fixed to the floor of the
room in position similar to that occupied by the present copping rail under the
end of the carriage square bat one side of the headstock.
This copping rail it will be understood is dispensed with under my invention.
Upon the carriage square 6 I mount a shaft e capable of revolving in brackets c¹
secured to the carriage square 6 the shaft c being provided with a pinion d gearing
with the rack w. The rack a is of sufficient length to permit the pinion d to gear
therewith throughout the run in and out of the carriage. The necessary move-
ments for vibrating the yarn and for gradually lifting the yarn guides to effect the
building of the cops are obtained through this rack and pinion
ments being thus controlled by the running of the carriage. These movements
consist of a reciprocatory action of the yarn guides and the gradual raising of the
same and are effected as follows.
G
these move-
Each end of the shaft is provided with a bevel pinion e gearing with another
bevel pinion el mounted on a vertical shaft carried in suitable bearings e³
secured to the framing of the carriage.
b
It will be seen from an inspection of Fig 1 that each side of the carriage square
is provided with the vertical shaft e² driven by the bevel gearing so as to actuate
yarn guides for the spindles on each side of the headstock frame. Upon the
vertical shaft e² is fixed an excentric f formed long enough to actuate the incline
carrier as the same is raised throughout the building of the cops. The excentric f
is embraced by a strap f¹ shown more clearly in Fig. 7 and to the strap is secured
a rod f connected at its upper end to a horizontal rod f3. To this horizontal
rod I secure by means of set screws fa series of curved inclined planes y one for
each spindle g and shown more clearly in Fig. 6.
As the mule carriage runs in and out the vertical shaft is revolved by the
bevel gearing e e¹ thus imparting a reciprocatory motion to the incline carrier f³
and curved inclines g by means of the connected strap f¹ actuated by revolving
excentric f. The amount of traverse of the inclines g would vary according to the
size of cop being spun. With weft cops for instance the inclines are reciprocated
about one and a half inches.
0 This might be varied however as in some cases it might be desirable to form
the inclines with a more or less acute angle than is shown in Fig. 6 and this
would necessitate a variation in the traverse.
The throw of the excentric f would therefore vary according to circumstances.
On the run out of the mule carriage when spinning is taking place the
55 winding faller wire has been raised and the yarn is then at the spindle tips and
it is thus unaffected by the reciprocatory action of the inclines.
I might provide the pinion d however with a suitable clutch motion so as to

page_text: prevent its imparting rotary movement to the shaft c on the run out of the mule
carriage.
On the run in of the mule carriage the winding faller wire is dropped as usual
and holds down the yarn upon the inclines g secured to the carrier f³. Each thread
has its separate curved incline g which being reciprocated as stated, gives by
its reciprocatory movement a slight side push upon the thread on its passage from
the winding faller wire to the spindle, causing it to run up and down the curved
incline and similarly upon the revolving spindle and be cross wound thereon as
it is technically called, or wound in widely pitched spirals.
In Figs. 13 and 14 I show in plan and end view a modified method of vibrating
the incline carrier or rod f. The rod f³ is connected to a tail piece f³ which
slides in a bearing or boss h carried by a lever pivotted to a fixing h³ on the
upright bracket of the carriage square. The lever his vibrated by means of a
grooved excentric h³ mounted upon the vertical shaft e³, and against the action of
a spring . As the building of the cops proceeds the incline carrier or rod f³ is
raised by pokers, drawing the tail piece f upwards through the hollow boss h*,
in the manner now to be described.
Whilst the yarn is being wound upon the spindle it is necessary in order to
build up the cops that the yarn guide or incline carrier should receive a slow
upward movement so that each layer of thread coiled on the spindle shall be a
little higher than the previous layer. This I effect by a copping motion con-
structed as follows.
Upon the carriage A I mount a bracket B the shape and position of which
is clearly shown in Figs. 1 to 4. In suitable bearings in the bracket B I mount a
short shaft on one end of which outside the carriage frame is fixed a ratchet
wheel and on the other end within the frame is fixed a worm gearing with
a worm wheel upon a stud 2 carried by a bracket secured to the carriage
frame (see Fig. 2). The worm wheel meshes with another suitable gear wheel
upon a shaft extending the length of the mule and below the carriage. During
the run out of the carriage when spinning is being effected I arrange that the
ratchet wheel shall remain idle, but shall be revolved during the run in of
the carriage when the yarn is being wound upon the spindles. To effect this I
provide the bracket B with a shaft m (see Figs. 1, 3 and 8) carrying a disc m
with one two or more hinged pawls m². The other end of the shaft m carries
a bevel pinion m gearing with a bevel pinion n keyed or secured upon the vertical
shaft whereby the shaft m and disc m¹ are revolved.
Upon the shaft i I mount loosely a weighted lever o provided with a detent
or pawl o engaging with the teeth of the ratchet wheel j. During the run in of
the mule carriage the disc m³ is revolved in the direction of the arrow and the
pivotted pawls m² come into contact with the lever o as shown in Fig. 3 and
vibrate the same, the detent o¹ thus operating to intermittently revolve the
ratchet wheel which thus revolves the worm k and worm wheels and 1.
During the run out of the mule carriage the disc m¹ is revolved in a reverse
direction and the fingers m² may come into contact with the lever o without
affecting it the contact with the lever o simply turning the pawls m² inwards on
their pivots. Where however the pinion d on the shaft c is provided with a
clutch as described whereby the shaft c is not rotated on the outward run of the
carriage, the disc m¹ would be stationary at such period. Upon the shaft I
mount at intervals bosses or collars 2) (see Figs. 5 and 6) to which chains p¹ are
secured such chains passing over bowls p2 mounted in brackets 3 secured to the
carriage frame and being secured to the foot of pokers . The pokers are
guided in slots cut in the carriage and brackets. The upper ends of the
pokers are connected to the incline carrier or rod f3 so that as the chains pl
are wound upon the collars p the pokers raise the incline carrier f and thus
provide for the building of the cops. The inclines are formed with cut out
spaces at intervals as shown in Fig. 6 so that the heads of the pokers offer
no obstruction to the reciprocation of the inclines and carrier rod f³.

page_text: It will be evident from the foregoing description that the raising of the yarn
ides takes place only at the essential time i.e. when the carriage is being run
and the yarn is being wound upon the spindles.
The winding faller wire must also be gradually raised to synchronise with the
ising of the inclines or yarn guides as described. As mentioned however in
e Specification of my said former Patent the gradual raising of the winding
ller wire during the run in of the carriage to guide the yarn in closely pitched
pirals from the base to the tip of the cop nose is dispensed with. To effect the
multaneous raising of the winding faller wire, I mount upon the short shaft i a
inion q gearing through a carrier pinion q¹ with a pinion q² shown more clearly
n the enlarged views Figs. 3 and 4.
The pinion q is secured to a screw threaded shaft r upon which is mounted a
ut s carrying a projection or die t upon which rests a shaper (Figs. 8 and 9)
apable of vertical movement in a slide or guide a secured to the framing of the
nule carriage A.
The shaper carries a bowl u³ upon which at times the usual locking lever v
which is actuated by the mechanism at present in use in spinning mules. The
locking lever is as usual connected to the faller sector ¹ secured to the winding
faller shaft 2. As the screwed shaft is slowly revolved by means of the
pinions qqq the nut s is traversed thereon and allows the shaper u to slowly
descend. Thus when the locking lever is on the bowl u² as shown in Figs. 8
to 9 the mule carriage is running in and simultaneously with the lift of the
pokers 2 the shaper is slightly lowered by the rotation of the screw threaded
shaft r.
This causes also the corresponding lowering of the locking lever v and the
slight rotation of the winding faller shaft and the raising of the winding faller
sickles. As will be understood, before the run out of the carriage, the locking
lever is knocked off the bowl ² to permit the winding faller sickles to rise
before commencing spinning. This knocking off and replacing of the locking
lever upon the bowl ² is effected by means of mechanism at present in use in
spinning mules and need not be here described.
In present practice the quadrant to which is attached the winding drum chain
for imparting motion to the winding drum is used to drive the spindles at a
variable speed. At the commencement when winding on the bare spindle the
maximum velocity must be imparted to the spindle. This velocity is decreased as
the cop bottom is being formed and the minimum velocity is imparted to the
spindles when the cop bottom is completed.
This driving of the spindles at the maximum velocity on commencing to wind
and gradually reducing it to a minimum when the cop bottom is completed is
In addition however to this in present practice
0 retained under my invention.
<
"
93
the speed of the spindles during the run in of the carriage is varied the spindles
being driven at their slowest speed when winding on the thicker portion of the
66 chase and gradually increasing to their maximum speed as the end of the
chase or bare spindle is reached. This is effected by the varying angular pull
15 of the driving chain secured to the quadrant and the additional effect of
the "nosing" motion. This gradually increasing speed of the spindles during the
run in of the carriage is dispensed with under my invention and the spindles are
driven at a practically uniform speed after the cop bottom has been formed.
The arrangement to effect this is shown in Figs. 10 to 12.
50
Upon the mule carriage I mount a bracket w capable of sliding vertically in
the carriage the downward movement being limited by a stop w¹. The bracket u
carries at the its upper end a bowl over which is passed the winding chain a
on its way from the quadrant to the winding drum y. The quadrant mechanism
is retained in its present form but instead of vibrating the screw box throug
55 an are practically from a vertical to a horizontal plane as at present, we set back
the screw box so that it will describe an arc, the path of which shall be of abou
equal length at each side of the vertical plane or a line vertical to the line of th

page_text: winding drum chain ¹. By this means the paying out of the chain by the
quadrant will be practically uniform throughout the run in of the carriage and
the spindles will be driven at practically a uniform speed. In Fig. 10 the nut 1
to which the winding chain is secured is at its lowest position on the screw
in the screw box 2. The use of the bowl is to minimise the extreme angular
pull of the chain which would occur at the end of the run out of the carriage
when the nut 1 has been moved to its highest position in the screw box when the
cop bottom has been formed, the bowl being placed at a height about midway
between the lowest and highest positions of the nut 1.
I may further utilize the bowl a to neutralize any defect in the driving of the
spindles at a constant speed after the cop bottom is formed. For instance if at
any portion of the run in of the carriage the speed of the spindles is reduced
by the paying out of too much chain by the quadrant I may dispose on the
floor a curved cam surface or bowl 2 shown in dotted lines, in the path of the
curved foot 3 of the bowl carrier or bracket w. The bracket w and bowl a would
thus be raised at the critical moment lessening the pay out of chain by the
quadrant and thus equalizing the speed of the spindles during the complete run
in of the carriage.
When a set of cops is completed a nut 4 is slackened and the carrier rod f³
can be turned on its axis thus tilting the inclines g away from the spindles so as
to offer no obstruction to the removal of the cops from the spindles. This arrange-
ment is shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and 6.
My improvements are equally applicable for use with the series of double
travelling inclined yarn guides described in my said former specification.
In this case as shown in Figs. 15 to 17 the pinion 5 which gears with the rack
teeth cut on the double incline carrier 6 is slidably mounted upon and driven by
the vertical shaft e³.
The pinion 5 is formed with flanges embracing the rack as shown so that as the
incline carrier is raised the driving pinion is raised therewith. In this case
the clutch mentioned in connection with the pinion gearing with the rack a
would be dispensed with and the pinion 5 would thus be rotated in reverse
directions to traverse the incline carrier in one direction during the run in of the
carriage and in the reverse direction during the run out of the carriage through
the bevel gearing e e¹ and rack and pinion a d.
It will be understood that the method described of raising the incline carrier,
and the locking lever and quadrant movements, are also applicable with the series
of travelling double inclines.
The double inclines are hinged at 7 to the carrier 6 so that they may be
turned back or tilted as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10 to permit of the dofting of
the cops.
As shown in Fig. 17 I use one double incline to two spindles which are
represented by dotted lines.
The method of actuating the locking lever, and the quadrant movement which is
illustrated in Figs. 10 to 12, being partly devoid of novelty and not foreshadowed
in my Provisional Specification I wish it to be understood that I make no claim
to these arrangements which might be varied to some extent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:―
1) As means for producing cross wound cops in a spinning mule vibrating
each thread in its passage to the spindle by means of an inclined surface pre-
ferably curved which is reciprocated to and fro in contact with the thread so as
to guide it upon the spindle in widely pitched spirals substantially as described.
2) The means for obtaining a reciprocatory or traversing action of the incline
carrier consisting of a fixed rack, a pinion gearing therewith transmitting motion
through gearing to a shaft carrying an excentric or pinion arranged to reciprocate

page_text: or traverse the single or double incline carrier substantially as described and
illustrated.
3) The improved motion for raising the incline carrier consisting of a fixed
rack, a pinion driven thereby communicating motion through gearing to a
ratchet or mechanism adapted to intermittently revolve a shaft on the run in of
the mule carriage, the said shaft carrying collars or pulleys on which are
wound chains connected to pokers secured to the incline carriers the whole
arranged and acting substantially as described and illustrated.
4) The general arrangement construction and combination of parts for actuat-
ing, vibrating and raising the incline carrier for the purpose of producing cross
wound cops in a spinning mule substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 11th day or October
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents, 5, John Dalton Street, Manchester.