IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, BLEACHING, DYEING, AND SCOURING HANKS AND COPS OF YARNS AND THREAD, WOVEN FABRICS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Oliver Ormrod, of Eagley, near Bolton, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, BLEACHING, DYEING, AND
SCOURING HANKS AND COPS OF YARNS AND THREAD, WOVEN FABRICS, AND
OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 25th September 1868, and dated the 30th March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Oliver Ormrod at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th March 1868.
near
Bolton, in the County of
the nature of the said Invention for
I, OLIVER ORMROD,
of
of
Eagley,
declare
Lancaster, do hereby
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR WASHING, BLEACHING,
DYEING, AND SCOURING HANKS AND COPS OF YARNS AND THREAD, WOVEN
FABRICS, AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-

page_text: in any desired manner. The shafts of the large wheels are adapted to
bearings on the various cisterns containing the bleaching, dyeing, and
other required liquors, and the wheel with the articles are caused to
revolve or vibrate, or partly revolve and vibrate, in the liquors, the
wheel being removed from one. cistern to another as required, or the
wheel may remain on one cistern and the liquors changed. For hanks
the sides of the wheels carry several pairs of rollers, one of each pair
having a revolving motion given to it by gearing or friction.
For cops
the periphery of the wheel is provided with drawers or cages, which
are either stationary or are caused to vibrate by means of cranks, cams,
or levers, and these drawers or cages can be employed for holding laces
and any description of small articles to be washed, bleached, or dyed.
For woven fabrics the wheel is composed of two large discs, between
which the fabric is folded over pins or projections, and then the fabric
is passed through the liquors.
These wheels can be advantageously employed for scouring wool and
other fibrous materials, and when the various articles have
have to be
dried the wheels are caused to revolve in a hot air chamber or in the
atmosphere.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Oliver Ormrod in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 30th September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, OLIVER
ORMROD, of Eagley, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Oliver Ormrod, Her special license
that I, the
the said Oliver Ormrod, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Oliver Ormrod, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and

page_text: These wheels can be advantageously employed for scouring wool
and other fibrous materials, and when the various articles have to be
dried the wheels are caused to revolve in a hot air chamber or in the
atmosphere.
for giving
placed on
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Fig. I is a transverse
section of a large wheel adapted for hanks of yarns and thread, and
Fig. 2 a side elevation of the same with one side removed in order
to shew the interior. The larger wheel is composed of two discs a, b,
fixed to the shaft c which works in bearings a bolted to the cistern e,
and on the shaft there are toothed wheels or pulleys
revolving motion to the wheel. The hanks I are
spindles h working in stationary bearings, and also on spindles i
placed in slots formed in the discs. On each pair of spindles i
there is a crosshead 1 with a screwed hole in which is fitted. a
screw m, working in bearings n, and having at one end a bevil pinion o,
and loose on the shaft c there is a large bevil wheel p which gears into
all the bevil pinions. To the bevil wheel p is fixed or cast an
internal toothed wheel q to which is geared the pinion r fixed to
the shaft t, one end of which is squared as at u for a handle to be
placed on it when required, and when the handle is turned in one
direction the wheels and screws cause the distance between the
spindles h, i, to be lessened for enabling the hanks to be placed on
the spindles, but when the handle is turned in the opposite direction
the spindles h, i, become farther apart and tighten the hanks. When
desired, instead of the screws, I employ a cam wheel, springs, or other
mechanical means for tightening and loosening the hanks. To the
outer spindles h are fixed toothed wheels v capable of gearing into
a toothed rack w fixed to the cistern e, and when revolving motion is
given to the large wheel the toothed wheels are turned one after the
other by means of the rack, and give revolving motion to the spindles
and shift the hanks so that they pass through the liquors in the cistern
in continually varying positions.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it
to be understood that I claim, the improvements in machinery or

page_text: of yarns and thread, woven fabrics, and other articles as herein described
and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof,. I, the said Oliver Ormrod, have
hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of September, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within-named Oliver Ormrod
in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
OLIVER ORMROD. (L.S.)