CERTAIN IMPROVED MEANS, MACHINERY, OR APPARATUS FOR 'SAVING,' OR COVERING THE LISTS OF TEXTILE FABRICS PREVIOUS TO THE DYEING OF SUCH FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Riley and Thomas Riley, of Greetland, near
Halifax, in the County of York, Dyers, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVED MEANS, MACHINERY, OR APPARATUS FOR 'SAVING,' OR COVERING
THE LISTS OF TEXTILE FABRICS PREVIOUS TO THE DYEING OF SUCH FABRICS"
Riley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 3rd October 1857.
We, WILLIAM RILEY and THOMAS RILEY, of Greetland, near Halifax, in
the County of York, Dyers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for CERTAIN IMPROVED MEANS, MACHINERY, OR APPARATUS FOR 'SAVING' OR
COVERING THE LISTS OF TEXTILE FABRICS PREVIOUS TO DYEING SUCH FABRICS," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the covering of the lists or edges of textile
fabrics to prevent their taking the dye during the process of dyeing such
fabrics, and technically known as "saving," which has heretofore been effected
by the employment of females to sew a web or binding of some other material
around the edge or list of such fabrics. We propose to accomplish this
binding or saving" by machinery.
On suitable framework we arrange rollers, over which the fabric is caused
to travel with the webbing to a series of guides or apparatus, which in succes-
sion turn up the edge or list of the fabric and webbing, and by degrees form
a fold, lap, or roll on the edge of the said fabric, with the webbing outside
forming a binding or covering to the list.
Reciprocating motion is given to a needle supplied with suitable thread,
Price 8d1

page_text: which is caused to pass through the said fabric at or about the inner edge
of the fold or roll, when a fork or other suitable instrument takes hold of the
thread and holds it until the needle is withdrawn, and which then carries or
turns the thread in a loop around the fold or edge of the said fabric to a
point on the other side, where the needle will pass through the said loop
previous to its next insertion into the fabric, and thus link the last stitch with
the succeeding one, the fork or other instrument again taking hold of the
thread when passed through the fabric, carrying it around the edge or list as
before, and so on.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Riley and Thomas Riley in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd April 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
RILEY and THOMAS RILEY, of Greetland, near Halifax, in the County of
York, Dyers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Riley and Thomas Riley, Her special licence that we, the said
William Riley and Thomas Riley, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said William Riley and Thomas Riley, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVED MEANS, MA-
CHINERY, OR APPARATUS FOR 'SAVING' OR COVERING THE LISTS OF TEXTILE FABRICS
PREVIOUS TO DYEING SUCH FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said William Riley and Thomas Riley, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Riley and Thomas Riley,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:--
This Invention relates to the covering of the lists or edges of textile fabrics
to prevent their taking the dye during the process of dyeing such fabrics,
and technically known as "saving," which has heretofore been effected by
the employment of females to sew a web or binding of some other material
around the edge or list of such fabrics, but which we accomplish by machinery
as follows:
On suitable framework we arrange rollers, over which the fabric is caused
to travel with the webbing to a series of guides or apparatus, which in succes-
sion turn up the edge or list of the fabric and webbing, and by degrees form
a fold, lap, or roll on the edge of the fabric with the webbing cutside, thus
forming a binding or covering to the list.
Reciprocating motion is given to a needle supplied with suitable thread,
which is caused to pass through the fabric at or about the inner. edge of the
fold or roll, when a fork or other suitable instrument takes hold of the thread
and holds it until the needle is withdrawn, and which then carries or turns the
thread in a loop around the fold or edge of the fabric to a point on the
other side, where the needle will pass through the loop previous to its next
insertion into the fabric, and thus links the last stitch with the succeeding
one, the fork or other instrument again taking hold of the thread, when passed
through the fabric, carrying it around the edge or list, as before, and so on.
The manner in which our said Invention is to be performed will be clearly
understood by reference to the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings, and
the figures and letters of reference thereon, similar letters referring to the
samme parts in each Figure.
Eigure 1 represents a side elevation of the machine; Fig. 2 an end eleva-
tion; Fig. 3 a plan; and Fig. 4 a cross section through the line A, B, in Figs.
1 and 3. C is the framework supporting the rollers D and E, for carrying or
travelling the piece or fabric over or through the machine, the latter roller being
smaller at the end furthest from the working gear, so as not to draw the loose
list and. body of the fabric faster or quicker than the list which is in process
of being "saved" or covered, and which is partially covered with cards, to
cause the fabric to adhere to the roller, whereby it is drawn or impelled for-
ward intermittently by means of the rachet wheel E' and pall B2, operated
by a tappet E3 on the main shaft J. F. G, H, and I, are a series of guides
or apparatus, so formed or constructed that the list or edge of the fabric can
be turned up thereby, or folded with the cord inside and the webbing outside,
gradually or by degrees, as the same is caused to pass through the said

page_text: guides. Detailed views, full size, are given of these parts in Sheet 2, arranged
in the same order as the fabrics have to pass in the machine, where Figure
5 is an end elevation of the first guide F, through which the fabric, the cord,
and the web are caused to pass; Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the guide G,
and Fig. 7 a side elevation of the same, which is made adjustable by hinge to
the thickness of the substances of fabrics to be passed through. Fig. S is
an end elevation, and Fig. 9 a side of the guides H and I, with part of a
lever a acting on the levers and cross bar b, for giving an oscillating motion
to the inner portion of the said guides and i, by which the roll of the list is
completed, and held until secured by the stitching operation. J is the main
driving shaft, on which are affixed various formed tappets or cams, and eccen-
trics for giving motion to the different parts of the machine, which is driven
or turned by the haud wheel K, which may be substituted when the machine
is applied to power by driving pullies. L is a sliding bar or needle carrier;
reciprocating mction being given thereto by an eccentric M, connecting rod c,
levers d and e, and connecting rod. N is a fork or instrument which passes
into or enters the loop of thread, which is formed on the under side of the
fabric when the needle has passed through, and begins to withdraw, which
fork is operated upon by the cam o, rod g (on which is a spiral spring for
reverse action) and lever g', by which it is caused to draw the said loop so as
to tighten the stitch, and by means of the cam P, the rod j, and lever, the
two jaws of the fork are separated, opening the loop, which is held in that
state until the fork or clams R are pushed forward by the cam s, lever k, and
rods and, the jaws of which are at the same time opened by a lever m
and cam T, when they take hold of the loop, and by the action of the spring
U the clams R are drawn back, bringing the loop with them, and by means
of the eccentric V and connecting rod VI, levers V2, and V3, the said clams
are raised, and by the aid of the oscillating guides h and i, the loop is carried
forward on the upper side of the roli to a place or point where the jaws are
again opened, and by means of another jaw or lever Ri, operated by a slot
in a plate R fixed to the framing, the loop is opened to allow the needle
to pass through or enter the loop, and before the needle enters the
fabric the guides and i have moved back to the former place, so that in
taking the next stitch, the loop will not cover or interfere with the feather of
the lists. W is a cam on the main shaft for actuating a lever, which is
affixed to a shaft Y, on which are two studs or short levers, to which are
jointed two rods Y2, which are attached to or fit into lugs on the outer
guides Hand I, for pressing or holding the inner guides steady at the time
of their oscillation. Z is a spiked wheel fixed on the end of a spindle, on the

page_text: other end of which is a ratchet wheel Z1, supported in a bearing capable of
adjustment to any suitable position or angle for conducting the fabric to the
guide F, and is impelled by a pall Z, actuated by a bell-crank lever Z³ from
a tappet Z on the main shaft at the same time the card roller is operated.
Detailed views of the forks, full size, are given at Figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13,
(Sheet 2); Figs. 14, 15, 16, and 17, are the cams, also drawn full size; and
Figs. 18 and 19 are a pair of clams, which are capable of adjustment, and are
actuated by the cams 16 and 17 for taking hold of the list and carrying it
forward in long listed fabrics quicker than the body of the fabric is moved
by the card roller. Fig. 20, Sheet 3, is a sectional view of the moving parts
of this machine drawn on a scale of about half full size, lettered as in the
previous description of the same parts. Fig. 21 represents in full size a
portion of the roll of a piece or fabric in process of being covered or "saved"
by our machine, intended to shew the manner in which the thread or stitches
are formed around the roll and linked into each other.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of our Invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we would have it dis-
tinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details of
construction or arrangement of our machinery, as such may be varied or
modified without departing from the principle or main feature thereof. But
what we claim and believe to be new within the realm is, machinery or appa-
ratus for "saving" or covering the lists or selvages of textile fabrics previous
to the process of dyeing, as such machinery or apparatus is described and
illustrated in the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Riley and Thomas Riley,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
WILLIAM RILEY. (L.S.)
THOMAS RILEY.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Riley and Thomas Riley,
in the presence of
(L.S.)