Improvements in and relating to Oil Lamps and Stoves.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Oil Lamps and Stoves.
We JOHN BRYANT, of Alsace House, Britannia Road, Shipwright, and
GEORGE BRYANT of Alsace House, Britannia Road, Shopkeeper, both of
Southsea, in the County of Hampshire, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to lamps and stoves.
The main object of our invention is to provide oil lamps, and stoves, with
wicks and burners of a kind that will render the use of chimneys unnecessary.
Our invention principally consists in providing a wick for oil lamps and stoves
made of woollen material in preference to cotton as now ordinarily used, or we
may sometimes use a wick composed of a mixture of wool and other material, or
materials.
In making a burner according to our invention the sides or walls of same-at
least at the top part, and probably for some distance down-are fitted very closely
together, the wick being very thin and tightly embraced between the walls of
burner but as it is necessary that the wick shall be easily turned up and down the
burner may therefore be made in two parts one or both of the sides or walls being
hinged or otherwise fitted so that they may be opened out at will to admit of a
free passage for the wick in the burner when it is required to turn the wick up
and down, which latter operation can be effected by ordinary toothed wheel gear,
or other suitable mechanism provided for the purpose.
When the wick is raised high enough above the top of burner the two walls of
the latter are brought together and held closely by means of a clamp or sleeve-
passed over the top part of burner-which is set up by a screw, or screws, the
wick will then be ready for trimming; or any other similar and suitable contrivance
may be adopted to secure this result.
According to our invention the woollen wick must fit tightly between the sides
of burner when alight otherwise the wick will not burn with the best result.
The form of burner is preferably flat, or at least it should consist of two parallel
walls, if of circular form, that is, it should not be a hollow tube burning a solid
round wick, the burner may be of any reasonable size in proportion to the required
candle power
and the reservoir may be of any desired shape or material such as is
ordinarily supplied for lamps and stoves.
When burning woollen wicks in burners made and fitted according to our inven-
tion thorough combustion is secured without fitting a chimney over the burner,
and light is given off equal if not superior to a lamp fitted with a burner of similar
length and provided with a chimney.
Dated this 30th day of October 1891
HERBERT P. BLAKE, M.I.N.A.,
70, High Street, Southampton, Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Oil Lamps and Stoves.
We JOHN BRYANT, of Alsace House, Britannia Road, Shipwright, and
GEORGE BRYANT, of Alsace House, Britannia Road, Shopkeeper, both of
Southsea, in the County of Hampshire, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—

page_text: The main object of our invention is to provide oil lamps and stoves with wicks
of a material, and burners of a kind that will render the use of chimneys
unnecessary.
Our invention principally consists in providing a wick for oil lamps and stoves
made of wool in preference to cotton, as now ordinarily used, but we may sometimes
use a wick composed of a mixture of wool, and other suitable material or materials.
In a burner made according to our invention a very small space is left between
the sides or walls at the top part and probably for some distance down, as the wick
we use is preferably very thin and it should fit as closely as possible between the
walls of the burner especially at the top part of same.
In the accompanying drawings we have shewn how our said invention may be
most conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Fig. 1, is an outside elevation, Fig. 2, a plan on top of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3, a
central vertical section taken on line a, a, of one form or modification of a burner
constructed and fitted upon a reservoir according to our invention.
Fig. 4, is an outside elevation, Fig. 5, a plan on top of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6, a
central vertical section taken on line c, c, illustrating another form or modification
of our invention hereinafter fully described.
A, is a reservoir upon which the burner B, is mounted and suitably secured, for
instance by simply passing the latter over the former so that the bottom part of
burner firmly embraces the neck of the reservoir, or we may sometimes arrange
for the burner to be screwed on or into the neck of the reservoir, and as a further
preventive against leakage of oil we may sometimes provide a collar d, of india-
rubber or other suitable material and arrange for it to fit over and tightly embrace
the bottom part of burner and to bear upon the neck of the reservoir at d².
After the wick, has been inserted in the burner, by simply threading it into
same, nothing further is required to be done-provided oil is in the reservoir-to
render the lamp ready for use but to trim the wick even with the top of burner.
We
e prefer that the shape of the top part of burner shall be angular one way, as
it is found that the flame is less liable to be extinguished (if burner and con-
sequently the wick is so shaped) when moving the lamp. We find that a thin wick
composed entirely of wool, suitably woven, arranged so as to fit tightly between
the sides or walls of the burner especially at the extreme top part of same at h, h,
gives the best result, the light and combustion being then most perfect, and that it
is possible to get very good result with a burner of the simple construction as
shewn by Figs. 1, 2, and 3, also that a woollen wick will burn for a very long
time in such a burner without being raised, but the wick may be easily raised and
lowered by manipulating the wire device k, which would be threaded through the
wick if desired for the purpose.
Sometimes we may prefer to make our burners as shewn at Figs. 4, 5, and 6, in
which e, is a clip fitting secured to one side or wall of the burner and f, a strip of
metal forming part of, or secured to the other side of the burner and g, a thumb
screw which upon being screwed up brings the two walls of burner close together,
thereby holding the wick very tightly between the walls, and upon reversing the
thumb screw 99. the pressure of the walls upon the wick is obviously released thus
admitting of it (the wick) being easily raised or lowered as desired without using
any special mechanism for the purpose, we may however fit the wire device k, to
this burner if desired.
Many modifications may be made in the details of the burner and method of
raising and lowering the wick, for instance, it may sometimes be found convenient,
more especially in larger and more expensive lamps, to make the sides or walls of
the burner in two parts one or both sides or walls being hinged at the lower part
or otherwise fitted to allow of their being slightly opened out at will to admit of a
free passage for the wick in the burner when it is desired to raise or lower the
former and we may sometimes fit upon the burner for the purpose of mechanically
raising and lowering the wick ordinary toothed wheel mechanism the wheels being
mounted on a spindle, passing through the burner, and arranged to engage with the

page_text: wick when rotated; or other suitable mechanism may be provided upon the burner
for mechanically raising and lowering the wick and the two walls or sides of the
burner may be held close together-after the adjustment of the wick-by means of
a clamp or clip fitting arranged similarly as illustrated at e, Figs. 4, 5, and 6, but
most importance is attached by us to the use of a thin wick made wholly or
principally of wool and when the lamp is alight that it (the wick) shall be tightly
embraced between the walls of the burner more especially at the extreme top part
of same.
It is obvious the shape of the reservoir is not essential to our invention, the
same may be made of any desirable shape, material, and size for the purpose in
view.
We may sometimes fit a shield or device on one side of the lamp which would
serve a double purpose, namely, that of preventing the flame from being
extinguished when moving the lamp, or from draughts, and also do duty as a
reflector.
In applying our invention for heating or cooking purposes the form of the
burners and fittings connected therewith may be similar to those hereinbefore
described, but the angular shape of the top part of burner will not be so essential
but it will be of more importance to provide simple mechanical means for raising
and lowering the wick, it is obvious the same may be easily applied to our
invention without altering the nature of same, and we do not claim any such
means, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in and relating to oil lamps and stoves consisting of
the parts constructed and arranged substantially as herein before described.
2nd. In oil lamps and stoves, the use of wicks composed entirely or principally
of wool suitably woven, for the purpose specified.
3rd. In oil lamps and stoves, the methods described of fitting the said wicks
so that they are tightly embraced between the walls of the burners and thus
adapted for burning and giving off superior light and heat without using chimneys
or globes upon the lamps or stoves all substantially as set forth.
Dated this 27th day of July 1892.
HERBERT P. BLAKE, M.I.N.A.,
70, High Street, Southampton, Agent for the Applicants.