CERTAIN ADDITIONS TO AND IMPROVEMENTS UPON MACHINES FOR SPINNING AND REELING OF COTTON
Year: 1803

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WOOD, of Manchester, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Machine Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of His United Kingdom, bearing
date at Westminster, the Fourteenth day of June, in the forty-third year
of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said John Wood, His especial
licence that I, the said John Wood, during the term of years therein men-
tioned, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN
ADDITIONS TO AND IMPROVEMENTS UPON MACHINES FOR SPINNING AND REELING OF
COTTON" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging
me, the said John Wood, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within four calendar months after the date of the
said recited Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Wood, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following description thereof, viz' —-
Fig. 1: A is a bar, acting upon centers d, d, connected to a strap lever
by E, fixed betwixt speed and back pulleys, which moves B' down to C; C is
connected to G by the joint pin R; the screw H, wheel I, rack K, wedge L,

page_text: is fixed on the carriage. G is a lever moving on axle J; the end S moves
betwixt speed and back pullies moving the drum band; the strap lever moving
B falls on the band upon C; the stopping of the mule winds up F and C; the
weight F returning, backs off and puts the faller down, as in Figure 8th; the
carriage begins to put up, as in Fig. 5; L presses upon G near W, to wind
on the nose of the cop; the stud P presses against the lever G near W; to
wind on the body of the cop; the screw E moves the rack K by the wheel I,
from the center J as the cop increases; L moves no further from the center J.
M & N may be substituted instead of K, L, I, H. M & N are two levers
cuting upon centers O and U, fixed upon the carriage; the point of N presses
upon the crank part of M; the pulley T presses against the cop by the weight
V, to take the size of the cop each stretch, which moves the lever M at Y
further from the center J as the cop increases. That part of spinning called
stretching may be done by these plans.
Fig. 2 A is a clack supporting C by the lever B, to keep it out of motion.
The strap lever moves the clack A, and C falls down on the round surface of
the end pulley covered with leather, and the pinion D winds up F by E;
F returning, backs off, and H puts down faller, as Fig. 8, under G; E is a rack
planted between twist and back pulleys, to slide in backing off, and stand still
in winding. G carries the faller up and down in winding on the screw; J
moves the axle C from the center of the end pulley as the cop increases in
winding on. His fixed near I on a loose square, to wind on the nose of the
cop. K & L are levers connected with J, to raise G; in proportion as C & I
moves from the center of the end pulley, M is moved a tooth each stretch. The
frame is put up, as in Fig. 5.
Fig. 3 This copping part is fixed upon the carriage under the faller.
a hath a space in which 6 slides; fis fast to wheel c; the pulley h works
on the stud i; the heart g is fixed to h; the cleck i turning on a stud on the
end of the faller; the spring j to press against the cleck i. The crank k and
rod m may be substituted in the place of 9 and i. The wheel e moves a tooth
each stretch by an inclined cleck, which moves d, c, & f, raising 9. The faller
moving down i, springs under the heart g;
the faller up and down an inch; the lift
forming the cop improves reeling much.
Cleck A supports lever B; the fork end
circular wedge falling into a cavity of its
a pulley going on the end pulley after C;
cutting close to F on axle U; E is a loose pulley connected to V; the wheel
Gucts in the mendoza, called the drawing-out wheel; II is a lever on its own
the pulley h, moving g round, works
forms the cop. These methods of
This coping part is in small letters.
of B supports the catch C; C is a
own form on the end pulley; T is
connected to C, V is a loose pulley

page_text: axis, supporting a strap on pulley F by the end W; I is a lever on its own
axis, supporting H; p, P, are two pullies planted at each end of the frame over
speed and back pulleys; the band R goes round. pulley T, band S goes round
pulley E; the riser and faller K works on its own axis Z, Z, for the purpose
of winding on; it is fixed to the creel over the fluted rollers. The backing-off'
weight is not here wound up as G, in Fig. 8, but is wound up by strap lever
when mule is put in geer, and is holden by the shoulder of cleck M; spring N
presses M; there is a strap goes over the pulley F from the loose steam pulley.
The twist or weft is not here all wound on the spindles whilst the carriage
runs up, but is afterwards wound on by means of the riser and faller K. The
mule carriage draws out, and the drawing wheel falls out of geer into wheel
G; the strap lever moving frees cleck A from lever B; C falls down into
its own cavity; the stopping of the mule forces the lever Q against cleck M,
which loosens it; the weight G returning, backs off; in backing off, the faller
stops against slide B in coping part; by this means it backs off less every time
as the cop increases; the strap coming on loose steam pulley moves F, wheel. G
running the carriage up, the force of the carriage moving the drawing-out
and bevil wheels into gear; the riser and faller K is drawn down by the
threads; the stud X pressing upon the lever I, liberates the lever H, the
weight J pulling the strap across to pulley F. The end of the lever H
moving the cleck I from under the heart G, the faller rises out of 'motion,
the threads lying upon riser and faller wire Y. The carriage putting up Y
raises the threads by weight L; the riser and faller K also falls into a
cleck to hold it down, whilst the carriage draws out; the carriage returning
liberates it. There is a pulley and rack E (see Fig. 5) going on the speed
pulley axle that the rim may not be turned in winding on. The same
effects may be produced by substituting the weight O to wind on the spindles,
and put up the carriage, as in Figure 8, instead of strap from loose steam
pulley. Then there is no need of pulleys F, E, and V, axle U, and wheel G,
and pulley E on the speed pulley; the loose pulley D is here on T.
Fig. 4: The screw A moves catch C by lever B. The lever B is cuted, as
B by A, in Fig. 1; D, E, goes on the twist and back pullies. The strap lever
moves, as in Fig. 1, which shuts the catch C upon the band H. Stopping of the
mule winds catch C up to K; the catch C, returning by weight F, backs off;
the cleck G shuts the catch C by the lever B on the band i, to wind on with;
the faller is put down by lever B moving a lever on the faller as it turns back
from K, as the strap lever moves; putting the mule into geer, it frees the catch
C from I.
.
Fig. 5: A is the strap lever, acting across the steam pulley moves the axle

page_text: M, which gives freedom to the spring H, which presses the points of D against
E; E is a blank wheel on the twist pulley axle, supported by rack and cleck
to give way in stopping the mule; F is an inclined pin going through C; the
carriage supports lever G; whilst B.moves C upon its own square in backing
off, I puts down the faller; N is a strap going between the loose steam pulley
and L; K acts in the. drawing-out wheel in putting up the frame; P is a
weight wound up by a fork stud at the end of the carriage, taking hold of a
cross pin on the band, and turns the spindles round in winding on. The axle
m-standing perpendicular betwixt the speed pulley and steam pulleys. The
drum pulleys are made larger to prevent the rim from turning back in winding
on when the cop is become large.
Fig. 6 the bevil wheel A is fixed to the loose steam pulley, acting.in the
bevil wheel B; the nut J on the screw acting against the end of the latch G;
the lever L acting the catch M; O and P are levers or friction wheels
acting upon pivets or axes Z, Z; for the purpose of making the carriage move
light, the carriage wheels are here made much larger; the pivets of the axle
pressing against the circular parts of the levers O and P. The end pulley,
which conducts the bands to the drums, is here taken off the carriage, and
acts on a stud fast to the floor, in the middle, betwixt twist and back pullies;
the band coming under from the opposite end of the carriage, acts round the
end pulley on the floor. The bevel or face wheel E is fast to the end of the
rim axle where the steam wheels has usually been fixed, but are here on
the opposite standard, and the rim on the outside of the standard. The
frame 1 turns on a stud upon the standard, so that pinions C and D can act
in E. In these plans, we make use of four steam pulleys; the twisting
pulley is next to rim; the drawing-out pulley next to the twist; and the looso
pulley next to the drawing-out; and the backing-off and winding-on pulley
next to the loose pulley; but where the steam pulleys are on a separate:
axle, the rim and steam pulleys are as usual; when twist is given, the
strap moves to the backing-off and winding-on pulley. The pinion C backs
off by wheel E, the frame end H falls off the shoulder on the latch G,
the pinnion Falso frees the latch; by that means the piunion C frees the
wheel E; the latch G is moved nearer the centre of the frame I by a
canted pin on the twist wheel axle moving the nut J, by the wheel K, a tooth
each stretch; by this means it backs off less every stretch, as the cop increases.
When the strap lever returns, the latch G falls back against the nut J, from
whence it started; the lever that puts down the faller is connected with the
latch G by a wire or band; the nut J raising the copping part G by the
lever L, as in Figure 2d; the pinion D falls into E, to turn the spindles in

page_text: winding on. The carriage being made to act so light, that the twist or weft is
enabled to pull up the carriage with the assistance of a small weight; the
riser and faller may be substituted here to wind on with, as in Figure 3d. The
notched wheel N may be substituted instead of latch G; the lever Land
catch M may be substituted instead of the frame I; the catch M locks and
unlocks the pinions C and D, on the axle R, in order to make the fluted
rollers run true without the loss of room; the stands are double, to support a
pivet on each roller; the square hole end of the roller hath a pivot on the
opposite side of the boss in the next space; in order to qualify the mule for
running quicker, add another set of back rollers; this addition answers much
better in throstle and water spinning.
Fig. 7: B is a band to the frame C, acting as E in Fig. 2. A is a pulley
acted by B, as E is by L in Fig. 8, for the same purposes. A, B, C, and D
acts here as in Fig. 8th. F is a frame, containing tin drums that turn spindles
round, sliding upon the carriage; the screws E, E, moves frame F, near the
spindles, giving the threads power over the spindles in winding on by the
levers D, D, pressing against fixed studs, moving the frame backwards and
forwards every stretch.
Fig. 8: A holds lever B, fork end of B cuts C, and C in D, and D upon E;
I and H connected with two half wheels. The strap lever moves the cleck A,
and catch C falls into catch D; the catch upon E winds G up, by cleck F,
upon lever I; G returning backs off, and lever H puts down faller under G,
Fig. 2, to cops with; the pulley E cuts on the end pulley of the mule; the
weight L turns E round in winding on; Lis wound up by weight H fast in
lever M; when the carriage draws out, the weight L also stands still, and
turns E round in winding on; the weight L puts up the carriage; the lever I
is fixed over the centre of the end pulley, when the carriage is drawn out
upon the fixed frame.
Fig. 9th: A is a spring connected with wheels B and C for the purpose of
backing off, going off the end pulley; B acts in the teeth D on quadrant E;
C acts in the rack E, as in Fig. 2. The springs K and L, for the purpose.
of winding on by, drag on the end pulley; the catch C acting through
wheel b, as in E, Fig. 8, the cleck G holds lever I; the strap lever moving,
the cleck C falls into cleck D, as in Fig. 8; the stopping of the mule winds,
up spring A by wheel B; the quadrant E moving the cleck F, passes by the
faller wheel B, returning by the strength of A, backs off, and puts down the
faller by F. The carriage putting up as in Fig. 3, moving the wheel C, by
the rack E, to wind on with. The carriage going up raises cleck G ; the
lever I forces drawing-out wheel and bevel wheel into geer by weight J,

page_text: .. carriage going back winds weight j up by the lever H, under cleck G, upon
jennies.
: Fig. 10: A and B are two pullies with two bands on, one running in a
groove nearer the center fixed upon the rim end of the frame to draw the
carriage or slide out; H is a piece of wood, length of the slide, moving on the
same road; I is an inclined lever going on the end of H, to move the clove G
.up and down, the weight J going over a pulley on the slide; E is a forked
.catch on the joint M, fixed to the end of H, clasping on the band D to draw
out with. There is another catch E on the carriage or slide, clasping on
band C, to draw out with. The cleck F holds the catch shut. K is a lever
planted near the road where the carriage runs; the end L is connected with
the faller by wire or band; there is a pinion on the end of the rim axle acting
in a wheel up to the pulley B; these jennies- are put to steam with steam
pullies, like unto mules, but with single.speed, and are backed off and wound
on, and carriage put up as the mules are in the annexed Figures. Slide
drawing out the band C, drawing the carriage quicker than G and H, by that
means the weight J is wound up; the carriage coming to the end lifts the
cleck F; the catches free the bands; the carriage is put up as in Figures
above. G, in Fig. 2, is planted here upon the. carriage to move the faller up
and down by the lever K; it coming to the top moves the lever I, which raises
the clove G; H returning back by the weight J, which presses the lever I
against the carriage, which shuts the clove G, and cleck E; where the carriage
is used alone, the weight J goes over a pulley on the frame; where there is
two of G and H, and connected to each other, the one is coming back whilst
the other is drawing out, which is ready to clasp at a proper distance; where
there are two, the weight J is not used. There can be no exact size given of
the plans further than is given in the Drawing, mules are so variable in size
and calculation.
Terms made use of in this Specification, belonging to a mule, which are not
in the Drawing:-Steam pulleys, speed or twist pulleys, end or conducting
pulley, back pulley, drums and bands, spindles and bands, carriage frame,
strap lever, rollers, creel, mendoza or drawing-out wheel, bevil wheel and
faller, twist wheel, axle rim, and the standard belonging to a jenny, slide or
carriage, clove, fuller, rim axle, frame on which the carriage slides.
..
In witness whereof, I, the said John Wood, have hereunto set my band
and seal, this Twelfth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and three, and desire it to be inrolled in
due form
JOHN WOOD. (L.S.).

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twelfth day of October,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Wood came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
sail, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And
also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Fourteenth day of October, in the year above written.