AN MPROVED APPAR & THIS FOR PRODUCING ROTARY MOTION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Ernest. de Lorière, of Great Suffolk
Street, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN
MPROVED APPAR & THIS FOR PRODUCING ROTARY MOTION"}
IMPROVED ÅPPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ROTARY MOTION”
Sealed the 30th August 1870, and dated the 2nd March 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Ernest de
Lorière at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 2nd March 1870.
I, CHARLES ERNEST DE LORIÈRE, of Great Suffolk Street, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ROTARY MOTION,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the combination together of crank shafts,
connecting rods, levers, and a fly wheel, which form a novel and econo-
mical apparatus of general application, by the aid of which I obtain a
rotative power greater than that produced by the direct application of

page_text: force without diminishing the rotative speed resulting from the first
impulsion.
My apparatus may be moved by hand or by any other power, such as
water, wind, steam, gas, or electricity. It may be used in connection
with machines of all kinds, for carriages for common roads or railways,
also for small fishing boats, life boats, pleasure boats, and for cranes,
presses, sewing and knitting machines, as well as for divers agricultural
implements.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood I will now
describe the same with parts as I prefer to construct them, but I wish
it clearly understood that the dimensions and numbers stated are given
merely to explain the proper proportion of the parts, and may be varied of
course according to the work to which the said apparatus is to be applied.
The said apparatus is composed, first, of a metal shaft of a length and
diameter proportionate to the force to be produced. This shaft is
provided with eight cranks, which divide into eight equal parts a
circle, which for the purpose of this description I will assume to be
20 inches in diameter. The first crank of this shaft is placed at the
right extremity of the horizontal line, which is the point of departure
for the division of the cranks and the line of motion of the levers; the
second crank of the said shaft is placed at the left extremity of this same
horizontal line, and so on, always observing that one crank must be
above and one below on the same line. A second shaft is also provided
with eight cranks, which arc arranged similar to those of the preceding,
but on a circle of 4 inches diameter, in order to produce the same
rotative movement from right to left as the first excentric shaft of the
apparatus.
To obtain a rotary motion in a contrary direction without changing
the motion of the first impulsion it will be sufficient to change the
arrangement of the cranks of the second shaft by placing the first at
the left extremity of the horizontal line, the second at the right
extremity of the same line, and so on, that is to say, all the cranks of
the second shaft are disposed in the contrary direction to those of the
first excentric shaft.
If my apparatus is applied to a machine moved by steam, electricity,
or gas I place upon the first shaft between the eight cranks a ninth
crank with a suitable length of stroke which is attached to the
connecting rod of the piston; but if the said machine is moved by

page_text: hand there must be placed on the said shaft one or two winches in.
place of the ninth crank as above stated. The crank shafts of my
apparatus may be supported at the top of the frame of the machine in a
sufficient number of suitable bearings, care being taken to preserve a
free space for the vertical movement of the levers. The fly wheel must
be used for all machines or engines with one cylinder driven by steam
gas, or electricity; also for all machines moved by hand; this fly wheel
may be placed at one of the extremities of the large crank shaft.
Eight connecting rods of equal length (which must be determined
according to the elevation of the first crank shaft) are coupled at one end
to the eight cranks above mentioned, and at the other end to the long
extremity of the eight levers, which have a rectangular aperture or slot
through which a bolt is passed. The lower extremities of these eight
connecting rods will each have an aperture of a rectangular form of two
inches in length; this aperture is closed at its lower extremity by a cap.
The connecting rods are each provided with a bush of metal, with
flanges on each side to support them vertically during their endwise.
displacement. These bushes rest upon steel springs, or are held by
india-rubber cords, whose elasticity must be calculated according to the
displacement of the bushes as they follow to the dead point the
connecting rods in their alternate movements. Eight metal levers each
54 inches in length are arranged horizontally in the most advantageous.
position for the transmission of the force. These levers have their
fulcrum on bolts or pins distant one-fifth of their length from one
extremity. These levers, which determine the distance between the two
crank shafts, must be fitted to work freely in vertical planes upon the bolts
or pins. There are at the short end of the levers eight connecting rods
similar to those at the other end, except that the rectangular aperture is
only five-sixteenths long. These connecting rods are fitted upon the
eight cranks of the second shaft, and at their lower extremities they are
attached indirectly to the extremities of the levers by the aid of guide
pins or studs, herein-after mentioned. The extremities of the levers
below the second crank shaft are connected to the aforesaid eight
connecting rods by means of double jaws, which work freely upon square
portions of the aforesaid guide pins, which have a central round part
passing through the lower bushes of the eight connecting rods of the small
crank shaft. These guide pins cause the lower end of the connecting rods
to move in a vertical direction so that the rotary motion of the cranks
will be produced regularly by the pressure of the levers, and the said

page_text: pins are maintained in this vertical line by fixed guide bars arranged
perpendicularly upon a solid base, which keeps them isolated the one
from the other at the proper distances apart. At the left or right
extremity or centre of the second crank shaft are fixed one or two
pulleys or toothed pinions in order to transmit the force from the appa-
ratus. This crank shaft like the former may be supported by bearings
at or near the top of the frame of the machine; or in the case of
locomotive or similar engine at the under side of the frame.

page_text: of winding up. the spring, and at the inner extremity of the central
rotating shaft will be placed a small toothed pinion, which will act upon
another pinion of a smaller diameter fixed at one of the extremities of
the first crank shaft of the apparatus in order to increase the rotative
Speed
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Ernest de Lorière in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd September 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
ERNEST DE LORIÈRE, of Great Suffolk Street, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date, the Second day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,.
give and grant unto me, the said Charles Ernest de Lorière, Her
special licence that I, the said Charles Ernest de Lorière, my executors,,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles. Ernest
de Lorière, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ROTARY MOTION,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Ernest de.
Lorière, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing.
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Ernest de Lorière, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings forming a part of this Specification:-
'

page_text: My Invention consists in the combination together of crank shafts,
connecting rods, levers, and a fly wheel which form a novel and
economical apparatus of general application, by the aid of which I
obtain a rotative power greater than that produced by the direct appli-
cation of force without diminishing the rotative speed resulting from
the first impulsion.
My apparatus may be moved by hand or by any other power, such as
water, wind, steam, gas, or electricity. It may be used in connection
with machines of all kinds, for carriages for common roads or railways,
also for small fishing boats, life boats, pleasure boats, and for cranes,
presses, sewing and knitting machines, as well as for divers agricultural
implements.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood-I-will-now
describe the same with parts as I prefer to construct them, but I wish it
clearly understood that the dimensions and numbers stated are given
merely to explain the proper proportion of the parts, and may be varied of
course according to the work to which the said apparatus is to be applied.
Figure 1 is a plan of my improved apparatus; Figure 2 is a plan of a
modification of the same more especially applicable for operating a crane;
Figure 3 is a longitudinal or side elevation of Figure 2; Figures 4, 5, 6,
show detached portions of the said apparatus. Like letters indicate the
same parts throughout the Drawings.
The said apparatus is composed, first, of a metal shaft a of a length
and diameter proportionate to the force to be produced. This shaft is
provided with eight cranks a', a², a³, a¹, a³, aº, a, a, which divide into
eight equal parts a circle, that for the purpose of this description I will
assume to be twenty inches in diameter. The first crank a¹ of this shaft
is placed at the right extremity of the horizontal line, which is the point
of departure for the division of the cranks and the line of motion of the
levers; the second crank a³ is placed at the left extremity of this same
horizontal line, and so on, always observing that one crank must be above
and one below on the same line. A second shaft b is also provided with
eight cranks b¹, b², b³, b³, b³, b, 67, 68, which are arranged similarly to
those of the preceding shaft, but on a circle of 4 inches diameter, in
order to produce the same rotative movement from right to left as the
first shaft a of the apparatus. To obtain a rotary motion in a contrary
direction without changing the motion of the first impulse it will be
sufficient to change the arrangement of the cranks of the second shaft ↳

page_text: by placing the first crank 6' at the left extremity of the horizontal line,
the second be at the right extremity of the same line, and so on, that is
to say, all the cranks of the second shaft 6 are disposed in the contrary
direction to those of the first shaft a.
If my said apparatus is applied to a machine moved by steam,
electricity, or gas I place upon the first shaft a between the eight
cranks a ninth crank with a suitable length of stroke, which is attached
to the connecting rod of the piston, but if the said machine is moved
by hand there must be placed on the said shaft a one or two winches or
handles c in place of the ninth crank, as above stated.
The crank shafts of my said apparatus may be supported at the
top of the frame of the machine in a sufficient number of suitable
bearings d, d*, care being taken to preserve a free space for the
vertical movement of the levers d³, d³, d³, d', d³, dº, d', d³. A fly wheel
must be used for all machines or engines with one cylinder driven by
steam, gas, or electricity, also for all machines moved by hand; this fly
wheel may be placed at one of the extremities or at the centre of the
large crank shaft a, Eight connecting rods e of equal length (which must
be determined according to the clevation of the first crank shaft) are
coupled at one end to the eight cranks above mentioned, and at the other
end to the long extremity of the eight levers. The said eight levers are
cach 48 inches in length, and are arranged horizontally in the most
advantageous position for the transmission of the force. These levers
have their fulcrum on bolts or pins dº distant one-fifth of their length
from one extremity; these levers, which determine the distance between
the two crank shafts a, b, must be fitted to work freely in vertical planes
upon the bolts or pins d'. There are at the short end of the levers eight
connecting rods of similar to those at the other end, except that a rect-
angular aperture f¹ about one inch long must be formed in each lower
end of the said levers. These connecting rods are fitted upon the eight
cranks of the second shaft b, and at their lower extremities they are
attached indirectly to the extremities of the levers by the aid of guide
pins or studs. At one extremity or at the centre of the small crank
shaft are fixed one or two pulleys or toothed pinions in order to
transmit the force from the apparatus to any machine in connection
therewith; this crank shaft b, like the other shaft, may be supported in
bearings d* at or near the top of the frame A. of the machine, or in the
case of a locomotive or similar engine at the under side of the frame.

page_text: In Figures 2 and 3 I have shewn a modification of the said apparatus:
whereby without altering the principle of my Invention I obtain the
desired result with one lever instead of eight levers; this. modification
may be found preferable in many. cases. In this arrangement of the
apparatus with one lever it will be necessary to observe, first, that the two
crank shafts a, b, should cach have two cranks a¹, a², b¹, b², as. shewn, and
the cranks b', U³, on the small crank shaft must be arranged in planes one
behind, and the other on the horizontal line y, y, and on the large crank
shaft a; the two crank a', a², must be in one plane on the line, z.
Secondly, that the cranks a, b, must be of equal length on each crank
shaft, and must be connected together by a connecting rod e, in order to
allow all the power produced and retained in the fly wheel of any machinery.
-to-overcome the resistance at the dead points on the perpendicular line
by the transmission of the rotating starting power of the fly wheel.
Thirdly, that all the bearings of the three connecting rods e, e¹, e², must
be adjusted with precision so as to avoid any friction, of which there will
be very little with the application of this principle.
When my said apparatus is applied to locomotives or to steamboats.
the two driving wheels or the two paddle wheels must be solidly fixed
at cach extremity of the second crank shaft b in the place of the pulleys,
wheels, or pinions above mentioned. My apparatus has the advantage
of a capability of reversing its motion without losing either power or
speed, and in locomotives obviates the necessity of a brake, for if the
impulse upon the first crank shaft a is discontinued it will be readily
understood that the levers d will offer a resistance, which the velocity of
a train propelled even at great speed will not be able to overcome after
a few revolutions of the wheels.
If it is desired to decrease the rotative speed of my apparatus in order
to obtain power, which is indispensable for machines not requiring a
rapid motion, such as cranes, presses, and others, I place a toothed
pinion of small diameter at the centre or extremity of the small crank
shaft b, which will gear into a toothed wheel of a diameter determined
according to the desired speed; the said toothed wheel will be fixed upon
an independent shaft, through which the rotative power is transmitted
from the apparatus; this shaft is supported like the former in bearings
above the second crank shaft.
In the crane shewn in Figures 2 a barrel is fixed on the shaft b..
Under this barrel I pass the chain, which should have flat links, the

page_text: barrel being provided with teeth or cogs to take into these links. I
prefer to use a second barrel i on a counter shaft j, and to pass the chain
over this second barrel, the said chain being received in a box placed
under the same instead of coiling it around the barrel h.
For sewing and knitting machines, where neither great force or great
rotative speed are required, the application of my Invention enables me
to obtain a continuous movement, which will be maintained for about
twenty minutes after the first application of force, which in this
modification of my Invention I obtain by winding up for about one
minute a spring combined with the apparatus. I prefer to use a flat
steel spring of a length and force sufficient to obtain the desired result;
this spring will be enclosed within a cylinder and wound upon a metal
shaft with a catch to regulate the speed of its unwinding. There will be
fixed at the outer extremity of this shaft a small hand crank or handle
for the purpose of winding up the spring, and at the inner extremity of
the central rotating shaft will be placed a small toothed pinion, which
will act upon another pinion of a smaller diameter fixed at one of the
extremities of the first crank shaft of the apparatus in order to increase
the rotative speed.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, and shewn how the
same may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I
wish it understood that I claim, the apparatus consisting of the two
crank shafts with the cranks arranged thereon, as set forth, in com-
bination together, and with the levers and connecting rods and with or
without a fly wheel, all arranged to operate together, substantially as
described for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Ernest de Lorière, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this First day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
0
Witness,
W. ROB. LAKE.
CHARLES ERNEST DE LORIERE. (L.S.)