IMPROVE- MENTS IN TOOLS AND MACHINES FOR SCREWING AND CUTTING OFF METAL PIPES AND TUBES-ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER TOOLS FOR CUTTING METALS."
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Maiden and James Maiden of the Firm of
Maiden & Co, and Egbert Fletcher Cowley of the firm of John Cowley &
Son, all of Hyde in the County of Chester, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TOOLS AND MACHINES FOR SCREWING AND CUTTING OFF METAL
PIPES AND TUBES-ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER TOOLS FOR CUTTING METALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Maiden, James
Maiden and Egbert Fletcher Cowley at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 2nd March 1883.
WILLIAM MAIDEN and JAMES MAIDEN of the firm of Maiden & Co and EGBERT
FLETCHER COWLEY of the firm of John Cowley & Son all of Hyde in the
County of Chester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS AND MACHINES FOR SCREWING
AND CUTTING OFF METAL PIPES AND TUBES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER TOOLS
FOR CUTTING METALS"
The object of this invention is the construction of an improved steel tool or
cutter in a continuous length and width which shall be capable of being sharpened
upon the grind-stone without recourse to what is known as the drawing out
process. This form of cutter is specially useful for cutting off pipes or tubes,
screwed or otherwise and is designed to make a clean cut at right angles to the
length of the tube and without raising a burr on the outside and inside of the tube
as heretofore when circular cutters are used--an advantage which renders it
particularly applicable for cutting off ferrules or nipples from a length of screwed
pipe without injuring the screw thread. The same description of tool is useful for
the slide-rest of a lathe say for screw-cutting purposes either for V or square
threads or for use in other machine tools for cutting or shaping metals.
In carrying out our invention we construct the improved tool or cutter of a
continuous bar of steel of angular cross-section thus ☐ and we support this tool
in a groove of similar cross-section formed in a cutter bar-this cutter-bar in its
D
11

page_text: turn is inserted in a tool-holder and when pressure is brought to bear upon the
top of the cutter by means of set-screws the cutter is effectually supported and
steadied in position and may be caused to project more or less beyond the nose of
the cutter-bar as required.
In order to sharpen this cutter it is only necessary to take it out of its groove
and hold it upon the grind-stone at the required angle. For cutting off tubes,
instead of a single cutter as herein before described we prefer to employ three cutter
bars of suitable angle and which are placed side by side in the groove which is
made wider accordingly-the centre bar in this case being in advance and
performing the cutting off operation whilst the two outer bars which are set a little
distance back perform the required bevilling.
We prefer that for cutting off pipes or tubes this description of tool shall be
mounted in suitable V grooves in a face-plate and by having a star wheel at the
extremity of a spindle geared to the feeding screw to come in contact with an
adjustable stud in the frame-work, the feeding up of the tool can be adjusted and
performed self actingly. The face-plate in this case revolves and carries the cutting
off tool around the pipe or tube being operated upon and which is held stationery
in a suitable clamp or vice-or our improved tool may be mounted and used in the
ordinary hand tool cutter. By mounting, screwing dies in a suitable guide box
and bolting the same on to the revolving face-plate, we thus constitute a combined
screwing and cutting off machine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Maiden, James Maiden and Egbert Fletcher Cowley in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st September 1883.
WILLIAM MAIDEN and JAMES MAIDEN of the firm of Maiden & Co. and EGBERT
FLETCHER COWLEY of the firm of John Cowley and Son all of Hyde in the
County of Chester "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR MACHINES FOR SCREWING
AND CUTTING OFF METAL PIPES AND TUBES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER TOOLS
FOR CUTTING METALS."
The object of this invention is the construction of an improved steel tool or
cutter in a continuous length and width which shall be capable of being sharpened
upon the grind-stone without recourse to what is known as the drawing out
process. This form of cutter is specially useful for cutting off pipes or tubes
screwed or otherwise and is equally useful as a tool for the slide-rest of a lathe
say for screw cutting purposes either for V or square threads or for use in planing
and other machine-tools for cutting or shaping metals. We prefer that for cutting
off pipes or tubes this description of tool shall be mounted in suitable V grooves in
a face plate and by having a star wheel at the extremity of a spindle geared to
the feeding screw to come in contact with an adjustable stud in the framework the
feeding up of the tool can be adjusted and performed self-actingly, and by mounting
screwing dies in a suitable guide-box bolted to or forming one piece with the
revolving face-plate we thus constitute a combined screwing and cutting off
machine. And in order that this our said invention may be the more readily
understood and carried into practical effect we have hereunto annexed a sheet of
drawings illustrative of our improvements and will now proceed to describe the
same with the assistance of the various Figures and letters of reference marked
thereon. Fig 1 is a side view and Fig 2 a plan of our improved tool or cutter and
Fig 3 is a transverse section of Fig 1 across the line ab. In carrying out our
invention we construct our improved tool or cutter of a single continuous bar of
steel A or in three pieces of angular cross section as seen in Fig 3 and we support
this tool or tools in a groove of similar cross section B formed in a cutter bar C.
This cutter bar in its turn is inserted in a tool holder D say for instance in the
bracket F projecting from the face-plate F of the machine illustrated by Fig 5
and 6 of the accompanying drawing which represents a front view and side view
respectively of our improved machine for cutting off metal pipes or tubes. It will
be apparent that when pressure is brought to bear upon the top of the cutter A by
means of the set screws E in the tool holder D the cutter will be effectually
supported and steadied in position and that the same can be caused to project more
or less beyond the nose of the cutter bar C as required. In practise this cutter
effects a clean cut at right angles to the length of the tube and without raising a
burr on the outside and inside of the tube as heretofore when circular cutters
have been used; an advantage which renders it particularly applicable for cutting
off ferrules or nipples from a length of screwed pipe without injuring the screw
thread.
In order to sharpen this cutter it is only necessary to take it out of its groove B
and hold it upon the grind-stone at the required angle. For cutting off tubes
instead of a single cutter as hereinbefore described we prefer to employ three
cutter bars A A' A* of suitable angle as seen more clearly in Fig 3 and which are
placed side by side in the groove B (in the cutter bar C) which is made wider
accordingly the centre bar A in this case being in advance and performing the
cutting off operation whilst the two outer bars A' and A2 which are set a little
distance back perform the required bevilling. In our improved machine illustrated
in Figs 5 and 6 the revolving bracket F1 which carries the improved cutter is fitted
with a star wheel G at the extremity of a spindle G' which spindle is geared as
illustrated to the ordinary feeding screw G². The star wheel G is further arranged
?

page_text: (as the face plate F revolves) to come in contact with an adjustable stud H pro-
jecting from the framework K and thus as the face-plate revolves and carries the
cutting off tool around the pipe or tube J being operated upon (and which is held
stationary in the ordinary vice or clamp I) the feeding up of the tool can be
adjusted to the greatest nicety and the cutting off operation be performed entirely
self-actingly.
By mounting screwing dies a in V grooves in the face plate F as illustrated
by side, sectional view Fig 7 and by dotted lines in Fig 6 and arranging.
cam projections.b inside the cap c shewn separately in Figs 8 and 9 to force up the
dies a as the cap (c) is revolved in the direction of the arrow and arranging cam
slots (d) in the same cap to work back the said dies as the cap is revolved in the
contrary direction to the arrow a combined screwing and cutting off machine is
constituted but it will be necessary in this case for the clamping vice to have a
longitudinal motion on its bed. We would here observe that we are aware that
three or more chasing dies but each with single cutting edges have been used in
screwing machines and have been advanced and receded by cams but in our case
we employ a pair of screwing dies each guided in V grooves and having four or
more cutting edges i as illustrated and thus by completely surrounding the tube
with cutting edges we approach as near as possible to a solid screwing die and
avoid the possibility of splitting the tube. These improvements are also applicable
to ordinary screwing machines. Instead of mounting our improved cutting off tool
in a machine as herein before described; it will be readily apparent that the same
is equally useful for and may be mounted and used in the ordinary hand-tool
cutters and that instead of the cutting and screwing dies revolving round the tube,
the same could be held stationary and the tube be revolved, but these we should
consider to be modifications of our invention. Having thus particularly described
and ascertained the nature of this our said invention together with the best
methods with which we are acquainted for carrying the same into practical effect
we wish it to be understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details
relative proportions or dimensions of the improved tool holder or machinery for
cutting off and screwing pipes or tubes bereinbefore described and illustrated on
the accompanying drawing as the same may be considerably varied without
departing from the invention, but what we claim is
1 The improved arrangement and construction of continuous tool or cutter for
cutting metals and for use in machine or hand tools substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying drawing'
2nd In machinery for cutting off pipes or tubes the arrangement of mechanism
for feeding up the cutters self-actingly as herein before described and illustrated on
the accompanying drawing
3rd The improved arrangement and combination of mechanism forming a
combined screwing and cutting off machine for pipes and tubes substantially
as herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying drawing
.
3
4th The improved arrangement and combination of a pair of screwing dies
having four or more cutting edges-such dies being guided and operated substan-
tially as and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated on the
accompanying drawing,
In witness whereof we the said William Maiden, James Maiden and Egbert
Fletcher Cowley have hereunto set our hands and seals this 30th day of August
in the year of our Lord One thousand Eight hundred and Eighty three.