A New or Improved Producer for Making Ordinary Producer Gas and Water Gas and Coke.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 21st Mar., 1890-Accepted, 3rd May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Producer for Making Ordinary Producer Gas
and Water Gas and Coke..
I JOHN CLARKE JOHNSON of Claremont Lodge Brunswick Terrace Wednesbury
in the County of Stafford Manager of Works do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a gas producer constructed as hereinafter described by
the use of which gaseous fuel is produced consisting of a mixture of carbonic oxide
and nitrogen or of carbonic oxide and hydrogen or water gas in conjunction with
nitrogen. The said producer may also be employed to produce coke in addition to
the gaseous products described.
The said producer consists essentially of a chamber built preferably of fire brick
and preferably wider at top than at bottom. At the top of the chamber is a hopper
or hoppers opening into the chamber and provided with flap or other valves. The
fuel consisting preferably of slack or small coal is introduced into the chamber at
the said openings. The bottom of the chamber opens into a trough containing
water the said trough and water constituting a water valve. Below the middle of
the chamber are two openings one opposite the other and near the top of the chamber
are two flues opening into the chamber. The lower openings are connected with a
pipe delivering a blast of air which passes by small openings into the chamber. The
said openings and flues are provided with valves which by means of a lever can be
made to simultaneously close or open the opening on one side of the chamber and
the flue on the other side so that when the said lever is at the end of its path in one
direction the opening say on the left hand side of the chamber and the flue on the
right hand side of the chamber are opened the other opening and flue being closed.
When the said lever is at the other end of its path the opening on the left hand side
and the flue on the right hand side are closed and the other opening and flue
opened. By this action the blast of air is alternately directed through the fuel in
the chamber from the lower part of one or other side of the chamber by an oblique
course to the upper part of the opposite side of the chamber.
The action of the producer is as follows:-The chamber being filled with fuel and
the fuel ignited the blast of air is passed through the chamber in the manner herein-
before described the gaseous products being conveyed by the flues to the furnace or
place where they are to be burned.
By the use of a rake passed through the water in the trough coke may be with-
drawn the said coke being quenched as it is drawn through the water thereby
forming steam which ascends through the ignited fuel in the chamber producing
water gas.
When it is only wished to produce a mixture of carbonic oxide and nitrogen the
withdrawal of coke from the water trough is omitted.
2011 1
CT1000
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applican
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Producer for Making Ordinary Producer Gas
and Water Gas and Coke.
I JOHN CLARKE JOHNSON of Claremont Lodge Brunswick Terrace, Wednesbury
in the County of Stafford Manager of Works do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of a gas producer constructed as hereinafter described by the

page_text: use of which gaseous fuel is produced consisting of a mixture of carbonic oxide and
nitrogen or of carbonic oxide and hydrogen or water gas in conjunction with nitrogen.
The said producer may also be employed to produce coke in addition to the gaseous
products described.
The said producer consists essentially of a chamber built preferably of fire brick
and preferably wider at top than at bottom. At the top of the chamber is a hopper
or hoppers opening into the chamber and provided with flap or other valves. The
fuel consisting preferably of slack or small coal is introduced into the chamber at
the said openings. The bottom of the chamber opens into a trough containing water
the said trough and water constituting a water valve. Below the middle of the
chamber are two openings one opposite the other and near the top of the chamber are
two flues opening into the chamber. The lower openings are connected with a pipe
delivering a blast of air which passes by small openings into the chamber. The said
openings and flues are provided with valves which by means of a lever can be made
to simultaneously close or open the opening on one side of the chamber and the flue
on the other side so that when the said lever is at the end of its path in one direction
the opening say on the left hand side of the chamber and the flue on the right hand
side of the chamber are opened, the other opening and flue being closed. When the
said lever is at the other end of its path the opening on the left hand side and the
flue on the right hand side are closed and the other opening and flue opened. By
this action the blast of air is alternately directed through the fuel in the chamber
from the lower part of one or other side of the chamber by an oblique course to the
upper part of the opposite side of the chamber.
The action of the producer is as follows:-
The chamber being filled with fuel and the fuel ignited the blast of air is passed
through the chamber in the manner hereinbefore described the gaseous products being
conveyed by the fines to the furnace or place where they are to be burned.
By the use of a rake passed through the water in the trough coke may be with-
drawn the said coke being quenched as it is drawn through the water thereby
forming steam which ascends through the ignited fuel in the chamber producing
water gas.
When it is only wished to produce a mixture of carbonic oxide and nitrogen the
withdrawal of coke from the water trough is omitted.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section taken through one of the hoppers; Figure 2
in end elevation and Figure 3 in plan a producer for making ordinary producer gas
and water gas and coke constructed according to my invention; Figure 4 represents
a vertical section of a portion of the same taken through the main gas flue at the
end of the producer and exhibits the valves for alternately opening and closing the
two gas outlet passages of the producer.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawings.
C
a is the fire brick chamber constituting the body of the producer wider at top than
at bottom (see the section Figure 1). The said chamber a is fed with slack or small
coal from the hoppers bb at the top of the chamber, the said hoppers being provided
with flap or other valves e for closing them when the producer is at work; d is a
trough of water at the base of the producer into which trough the bottom of the
producer dips thus forming a water joint or lute. Below the middle of the chamber a
are two horizontal passages e, fone opposite the other the said passages extending
nearly from front to back of the chamber. These passages open into the sides of the
chamber a by narrow slits. Into these passages a blast of air can be alternately
delivered by the pipes and valves represented in Figures 2 and 3, 4 being the main
blast pipe and i, i branch pipes connected therewith. These branch pipes carry valve
boxes k, in which sliding valves work for opening and closing the said branch pipes,
the said valves being situated on the opposite ends of the rod. The valve rod
connected by a link to the hand lever m. By moving the said hand lever m through a
is

page_text: small angle in one or other direction the rod is made to operate the two valves and
simultaneously close one of the branch pipes and open the other branch pipe. Near
the top and on opposite sides of the chamber a are flues p, q into which the gas
generated in the producer passes to be conveyed by the main fluo 7 (see Figures 3
and 4) to the furnace or elsewhere to be burned. The connection between the gas
flues P, in the producer and the main gas fluer to the furnace is opened and closed
by the arrangement of valves and appliances represented in Figures 3 and 4, whereby
when one of the gas flues p or is open the other flue is closed to the said main flue.
This is effected by the use of the valves and t working in the ends of the
flues p, the rods of which valves are jointed to the quadrant or curved ends of the
lever u, the said valves being so connected to the lever u that when one valve is
lowered upon its seat the other valve is raised from its seat as represented. The valves
of the blast passages e, f and those of the gas receiving flues p, q are so worked that
the blast passage on one side of the chamber and the gas flue on the other side
of the chamber are open while the other blast passage and gas flue are closed.
Referring to Figure 1 of the Drawings it will be understood that when the blast
passage e on the right hand side of the chamber a is open and the gas receiving flue
on the opposite side of the chamber is also open the other blast passage fand gas
receiving flue q are closed and similarly when the blast passage fand gas flue 7 are
open the other blast passage e and gas flue p are closed. The opening of the blast
passage on one side of the chamber and the gas receiving flue on the other side
of the chamber and the closing of the other passage and Hue are effected by the
workman operating the hand lever m of the blast valves and the supporting lever u of
the gas valves. When the blast passage e and the gas receiving flue pare open
and the other blast passage fand gas flue q are closed, the blast of air is directed
through the ignited fuel in the chamber a from the lower part of the right hand side
to the gas receiving flue p at the top and the left hand side of the chamber the blast
taking an oblique course as indicated by the full line arrows in Figure 1. When tho
blast passage fand gas fluo 7 are opened by operating the two levers m and u the blast
takes an oblique course through the fuel in the opposite direction as indicated by the
dotted arrows.
In this way the blast can be alternately directed through the fuel
from the lower part of one side of the chamber to the upper part of the opposite side
of the chamber. The fuel in the chamber is ignited in the ordinary way and the
gaseous products obtained pass from one or other of the flues p, y through the open
valve to the main fluer.
When it is wished to produce water gas the coke may by means of a rake be drawn
from the lower part of the chamber into the water in the trough & thereby quenching
the said coke. Steam is thus formed which ascending through the ignited fuel in the
chamber a produces water gas. The small coke produced when water gas is required
is utilized for various heating purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as
my invention of "A new or improved producer for making ordinary producer gas and
water gas and coke "
:-
First The use in a producer of blast passages and gas receiving flues at different
levels and on opposite sides of the producer chamber and the valve arrangements
described and represented connected there with whereby the blast passage on one
side and the gas flue on the other side of the chamber can be opened and the other
blast passage and gas flue closed, by which arrangement of parts a blast of air can
be alternately directed in an oblique course through the ignited fuel in the chamber
from the lower part of one or other side to the upper part of the opposite side of the
said chamber substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings.
Secondly-The use at the base of the producer chamber of a water trough into
which the bottom of the chamber dips thus forming a water joint or lute, the ignited

page_text: coke from the chamber being drawn into the said trough and quenched when steam
for the making of water gas in the producer is required, the coke thus drawn from the
producer being utilized for various heating purposes substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Dated this 19th day of March 1890.