Improvements in or connected with Photographic Exposure Shutters.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Feb., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1895
Improvements in or connected with Photographic Exposure
Shutters.
I, HERMANN LOUIS CHRISTIAN AUSBUTTEL, of Chapel Road, Bexley Heath,
Optical and Electrical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with photographic
exposure shutters and has for its object to provide a shutter which can be used for
cither time or instantaneous work, while the operating and releasing mechanism is
of simple construction and not liable to get out of order
In carrying my invention into practical effect I provide a rectangular or other
suitably shaped case or fiame within which is mounted two rollers one at the top
and one at the bottom carrying a blind having the usual opening, while the lower
roller consists of a spring barrel as hitherto. The side of the case is furnished
with a small block to which is attached by means of screws or in any other suitable
manner two springs one on either side, these springs are slightly bent over at the
top so as to engage in certain positions with a pin projecting from one end of the
top roller.
I hikewise provide a short rod passing through the front of the said
frame the end of which is permanently attached to one of the springs and always
operates it when the said rod is pushed inwards while it passes through a slot in
the second spring, and the rod 18 at this point provided with a small cross pin so
that in one position of the rod the pin is parallel to the slot and passes through it
without operating the second spring, while in the second position, that is when the
rod is turned partly round, which is effected by means of an arm fixed outside and
on the front of the case, the pin is at right angles to the slot and does not pass
through but causes the second spring to be operated when the rod 13 pushed in.
My improved shutter operates in the following manner.
The blind is first set by diawing it round the upper roller by means of a cord
wound round one end of the said roller, while by reason of the spring roller at the
bottom of the case to which the other end of the blind is attached, there is a
continual pull on the blind tending to pass it from the upper to the lower roller,
this being prevented by the pin at the end of the upper roller resting upon the
bent over end of one of the springs Upon pushing back the spring by means of
the rod hereinbefore referred to, the roller is released thus causing the blind to
pass instantly from the upper to the lower roller the exposure being effected by
the opening in the blind passing by the opening in the front of the case and by
this means an instantaneous exposure is effected, if however a time exposure is
required the rod is partly revolved by means of the arm outside the frame or case
so as to bring the cross pin at right angles to the aforesaid slot in the second spring
thus causing it to be actuated simultaneously with the first mentioned spring, so
that when the rod is pushed in it allows the top roller to make one revolution when
it 18 again a rested by the second spring, the opening m the blind being then
exactly opposite the opening in the case or frame When sufficient exposure has
been given the pressure is removed from the 1od which springs back and releases
the roller from the second spring when it makes a second complete revolution and
closes the shutter.
The cord for pulling up the blind and the whole of the mechanism for exposing
and altering from instantaneous to time work and also for winding up or releasing

page_text: the spring roller, is placed on the front of the case or frame, so that when used
with a hand camera the latter can be held firmly against the body and is not as
liable to be shaken during exposure as when the said mechanism is placed at
the gide.
Dan Old dare of Dohan 1001
Improvements in or connected with Photographic Exposure
Shutters.
I, HERMANN LOUIS CHRISTIAN AUSBUTTEL, of Chapel Road, Bexley Heath,
London, Optical and Electrical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in photographic exposure shutters which
can be used for either time or instantaneous work while the operating and releasing
mechanism is of simple construction and not liable to get out of order.
A
Fer this purpose I provide a rectangular or other suitably shaped case o frame
within which is mounted the two rollers carrying the blind having the usual
opening. One side of the case is furnished with a small block to which are
attached two springs, one of which is bent over at the end and the other formed
with a hook or projection so as to engage in certain positions with a pin projecting
from one end of the winding-on or top roller, but this latter rolle may be at the
bottom as shown in and referred to in the accompanying sheet of drawings
short rod or pin passes through the front of the case, its inner end being attached
to or bearing against one of the springs so as to operate it upon being pushed
inwards This rod or pin passes through a slot in the other spring and is furnished
with a small cross pin which in one position passes through the said slot, whilst in
another position, that is when the rod or pin is partly tuned round by means of
an aim outside the case, the cross pin is at night angles to the slot and therefore
does not pass through but actuates the second spring when the rod or pin is pushed
mwards.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings
Fig 1 represents a front view of the case or fiame carrying the shutter, and
Fig. 2 is a plan thereof.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on the linear of Fig. 4 which latter figure is
a back or inside view of the case.
Figs. 5 to 11 are details as hereinafter referred to
a is the case or frame aud a¹ the opening therein. 18 the blind o shutter of
the usual construction attached at one end to the spring roller c and at the other
end to the winding-on toller d e is a small rod or pm passing through the front
of the case a and bearing by means of a collar el against a spring fattached to a
block g fixed to one side of the case. To this block is likewise attached a second
spring whose part is formed with a slot shown more clearly in Fig. 5. The
part of the tod e 18 square and passes through a loose collar carned by the
front of the case To this collar is fixed an aim k for turning the rod e, a guidel
limiting the movement of the said aim. The rode is likewise provided with a
cross pine for operating the sping, a pin et limiting the outward movement of
the rod which passes through the slot of the spring h. The end of the spring f

page_text: is bent over nt to form a catch for a pin m attached to one end of the rolled,
and the end of the spring his formed with a hook or projection ³ (see Fig. 5) to
engage with the pin m when the said spring is pushed tuwards, the part being
formed solid for this purpose and attached to the flexible portion h.
The spring is prolonged and acts as a stop to the spring roller c being formed
with an opening ƒ³ (Fig. 4) which engages with a tooth e forming part of the
Journal of the said roller and by means of which the tension of the roller can be
regulated by turning the knob of the roller's axis. Should the shutter be so
mounted in a camera that it is not easy to manipulate the knob substitute for
the latter a wire od screwed at one end to the axis and of a length sufficient to
opeinte the said axis from the outside
For releasing the tension of the roller ca screwed pun n engaging in a nut nis
turned by means of the knob until its muer end bears against and forces the
spring out of engagement with the tooth c thus permitting the roller being
unwound by its spring The roller can be wound up again to any tension by means
of the knob having previously screwed outwards the pin a.
My improved shutter is operated as follows:-
The blind bis first set by diawing it round the roller d by means of the cord o
(as shown in Fig. 3) wound round the end thereof, the roller e tending to pull
the blind in a contiary duection but being prevented from doing so by the end
of the spring bearing against the pin in on the end of the roller d. Upon pushing
back the spring by means of the iod e the roller d 18 released thus causing the
blind to pass instantly from the said roller to the roller c, the exposure being
effected by the opening in the blind passing the opening a' in the case whereby an
instantaneous exposure is obtained. If a time exposure is required the rod e 1-
partly tuned by means of the arm into the dotted position shown in Fig. I so as
to bing the cross pin eat right angles to the slot of the spring h (Fig. 5.) thus
causing the latter to be actuated simultaneously with the spring upon pushing in
the rode and allowing the roller d to make one revolution after which it is arrested
by the hook of the spring coming into contact with the pin m, the opening in
the blind being then exactly opposite the opening in the case. When sufficient
exposure has been given the pressure is removed from the rode which springs back
and releases the roller d from the spring when the sad roller makes a second
complete revolution and closes the shutter.
h
In order to indicate the speed with which the shutter acts 1 lix to the end of the
axis of the roller e a pointei p (Fig. 1) which moves over a scale marked on the
front of the case as the roller is wound up. This pointer is actuated by a screw pl
(Figs. 6 & 7) formed on the axis of the roller which engages a nut p³ forked so na
to engage a pin p³ connected to a small disc p whereby the latter and the pointer
are turned as the nut travels along the screw upon the roller c being revolved.
Instead of releasing the tension of the roller c by means of the screw pun n it may
be released by a small lever 7 (Figs. 8 & 9) pivoted to the top of the case a and
formed with a projection against which the end of the spring bears, the lever
being turned by the knob q so as to lift the spring out of engagement with the
tooth on the roller's axis, a slot a formed in the case a permitting of the
movement of the said projection q'.
The blind may be constructed as shown in Figs 10 and 11 the space r being
formed by connecting the two pieces 8, 5, together by thin wire t, t, thus allowing a
greater width of space than if the pieces were connected together by bands. The
ends of the blind are let into slots formed in the rollers, a thin wire passing through
the said ends which are folded so as to secure it firmly in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In photographic exposure shutters the combination with the rollers c and d of

page_text: the rod or pine cross pin e', springs and h, collar 1, arm 1, guide & and pin m
substantially as described and for the purposes specified.
2. The improved tension and releasing mechanism consisting of the spring the
tooth c³, the screw-pin n and the nut n' substantially as described and shown in the
accompanying sheet of drawings.
3. The improved speed or tension indicator substantially as described and shown
in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings.
4. The modified construction of tension and releasing apparatus substantially
as described and shown in Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings.
5. The improved construction of photographic exposure shutters substantially as
described and shown in the diawings.
Dated this 20th day of February 1895.
F. G. CASSELL,
Of Cassell & Co.,
22, Glasshouse Street, Regent Street, London, W.,
Agent for the Applicant.