IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Muir Hetherington of the firm of Hetherington
and Sons of Manchester in the County, of Lancaster Machine Makers for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Muir Hetherington
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd November 1883.
JOHN MUIR HETHERINGTON of the firm of Hetherington and Sons of Manchester
in the County of Lancaster Machine Makers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
MACHINERY
"
My Invention relates to the machinery employed in the spinning of textile
materials and particularly to the machines now well known as ring and traveller
throstles or to machines wherein the yarn is wound upon the spindle or bobbin
by the aid of a travelling or revolving part not attached to the spindle. I employ
a spindle which has an increased extension upwards above the part upon which
the yarn is wound or upon which the tube is mounted so that there is room for
the yarn to coil around the upper part of the spindle and to pass from the spindle
to the traveller at a suitable angle. The yarn passes from the rollers to the tip
of the spindle at an angle between the vertical and the horizontal and makes, two,
three or less or noro spiral turns around the spindle on its way to the traveller-
The angular direction of passage of the yarn from the rollers to the tip of the
spindle is such as that the yarn will be twisted continuously and at the same time be
wound upon the tube.-In order that the most advantageous angle may be obtained
I arrange for the spindle to be raised and lowered so as to vary the angle as may
be required until the best results are obtained-This may be effected by raising
and lowering the footstep rail or the rail or rails upon which the spindles are
mounted or by raising and lowering the bolster in which in some cases the spindle
is mounted-It is obvious that the required effect may be obtained by raising or
lowering the rollers or roller bean-It may be advisable to provide means for
effecting this adjustment of the parts in all casos, but I do not confine myself
thereto To facilitate starting I arrange a rod of glass or other material or a bar
or wire behind the tip of the spindle and provide means whereby the said part
may be lifted when the spindles are stopped or preparatory to the starting in
order to lift off the upper coils from the tips of the spindles. In some cases I may
make use of the ordinary hinged thread board for this purpose or may use a ring
or other suitable lifter

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Muir Hetherington in the Patent Office on the 1st May
1884.
JOHN MUIR HETHERINGTON of the firm of Hetherington & Sons of Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
MACHINERY
"
: My Invention relates to the machinery employed in the spinning of textile
materials and particularly to the machines now well known as ring and traveller
tbrostles or to machines wherein the yarn is wound upon the spindle or bobbin
by the aid of a travelling or revolving part not attached to the spindle. I employ
a spindle which has an increased extension upwards above the part upon which
the yarn is wound or upon which the tube is mounted so that there is room for
the yarn to coil around the upper part of the spindle and to pass from the spindle
to the traveller at a suitable angle. The yarn passes from the rollers to the tip
of the spindle at an angle between the vertical and horizontal and makes two,
three or less or more spiral turns around the spindle on its way to the traveller.
The angular direction of passage of the yarn from the rollers to the tip of the
spindle is such as that the yarn will be twisted continuously and at the same time
be wound upon the tube.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, reference being had to the annexed
sheet of drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
In the said drawings Fig: 1 partly in section represents so many of the parts
of a ring spinning frame as are necessary to the illustration of my invention. In
this Fig: a represents a set of rollers 6 is a spindle and c is the ring rail. The
yarn d passes from the rollers directly to the tip of the spindle without passing
through a guide. In the example the yarn passes to the spindle at an angle of
about 127 degrees from the axis of the spindle. This angle is suitable for some
descriptions of yarn but I do not confine myself to it. For some purposes an angle
less or more acute may be more suitable and I therefore shall adopt such an angle
as will be found to be most suitable in each case. Fig: 2 represents the upper end
of the spindle drawn about the full size. In this case the yarn d makes about
two turns around the upper part of the spindle before passing to the ring. The
number of turns around the spindle depends to a great extent upon the angle of
direction in which the yarn approaches the spindle and as a consequence the
tension of the yarn also depends upon the said angle. In order to be able to vary.
the tension as may be required I employ a wire e which extends at the back of the
spindles and is carried by a rail f which is binged at f¹. The said rail is in two
parts the front part being hinged at g to the rear part in order that the wire may
be readily turned up and out of the way when the cops have to be doffed. Arms h
on the rail fare connected by links with levers i on a shaft k. By turning the
said shaft the wire can be raised to reduce the degree of coiling of the yarn upon
the spindle. The said shaft is provided with means whereby it can be operated by
hand so as to lift the coils entirely off the tips of the spindles before stopping the
machine or the shaft is connected with the stop rod so that the wire is lifted when
the machine is stopped. For twist spinning I prefer to connect the said shaft with.
the copping motion in such a way as that the wire is slightly raised as the ring
rail is lowered in order to reduce the coiling upon the spindle when the yarn is
being wound upon the larger diameter of the cop. Upon the shaft k, I fix a
weighted lever l which tends to raise the wire e and is sustained by a rod which

page_text: is connected with the lever upon which the heart cam operates. I do not however
confine myself to any particular method of raising the wire. A rod or rail or the
ordinary hinged rail might be used in the same manner as the wire. The tip of
the spindle may be varied in form to obtain the best result. In Fig: 2 the tip
of the spindle is formed with a small bulb over which the coil of yarn passes this
form rendering the coiling action more certain.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of my said invention and
the manner in which I carry the same into practical effect I would have it to be
understood that I claim :-
First. In ring-spinning machines passing the yarn directly from the rollers to
the tip of the spindle at such an angle as that the yarn shall coil around the tip
of the spindle before passing to the traveller substantially as set forth and indicated
herein before and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. In a ring spinning machine the spindles having their upper ends
below the level of the rollers and at such a distance horizontally therefrom as
that the yarn when passed directly from the rollers to the spindle ends makes an
angle of 120 to 150 degrees with the axis of each spindle and passes once twice or
more times around the tip of the spindle before passing to the traveller substantially
as set forth and indicated.
And lastly. In a ring spinning machine the spindles b so situated with relation
to the rollers as that the yarn proceeding therefrom coils around the tips of
the spindles and the wire e for varying the amount of coil upon the tips of the
spindles or for lifting the coils therefrom substantially as set forth and indicated.
In Witness whereof I the said John Muir Hetherington have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 30th day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty-four
Signed, sealed and
delivered in the
presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON
41 John Dalton St, Manchester.
JOHN M HETHERINGTON (LS)