Improved Apparatus for Obtaining and Viewing Chrono- photographic or Zoetropic Pictures.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left 1st Jan. 1897-Accented 6th Mar
1807
Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left 1st Jan. 1897-Accented 6th Mar
1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Obtaining and Viewing Chrono-
photographic or Zoetropic Pictures.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23 Southampton Buildings, in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
(a communication to me from Auguste Lumière and Louis Lumière, both of
21, 23 and 25 Rue Saint Victor, Lyon-Montplaisir, in the Republic of France,
Manufacturers of Photographic Products and Materials,) to be as follows:-
The present invention has for its object improvements upon an invention for
which I obtained Letters Patent, No. 7187 of the year 1895, and relates to the
movement of the riband receiving or exhibiting the pictures with a view to
increase the time of rest of this riband and of winding it up in proportion to its
movement.
Mechanisms employed for this purpose are represented in the accompanying
drawings, which show the whole of the improved apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line x y of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line u v of the same fig.
The riband R is, as described in the specification of the aforesaid patent, moved
by a fork mounted upon a slide D having an alternating vertical movement
imparted to it by a cam B fixed upon the main shaft A. The points a a of this
fork enter lateral perforations in the riband during its descending motion, whilst
they are removed from it during its upward motion, these movements being given
to the fork by inclined planes g g turning with the shaft A.
It is preferred to give to the perforations of the riband R the form of notches
as shown in the drawings, which permits the fork to act upon the riband even when
the shrinkage of the pellicle, of which it is formed, has reduced its width.
The form of the cam B gives to the riband a rapid descent and a time of
complete rest equivalent to about two thirds of a complete revolution; it would be
impossible to pass beyond this limit with the cam, although, for completeness of
rest and for viewing, it would be very advantageous to still further increase the
times of rest of the riband. This effect is obtained by giving to the shaft A, which
carries the cam, a motion of periodically variable speed, increasing during the
descent of the riband and decreasing during the rise of the fork at the moment
when the riband is at rest. For this purpose an eccentric pinion S is fixed on the
shaft A and this pinion is driven by a wheel S₁ of undulated shape, the axis of
which carries the driving pulley V. In the position shown by Fig. 1, the slide D
being at the centre of its downward motion, the pinion S, driven by its smallest
radius, possesses its maximum speed, which will be at its minimum after a half
revolution, during the rise of the slide.
The periodical work of moving the riband is partially equilibrated by the weight
of the slide D and, if required, by the action of a spring X pressing upon the upper
part of this slide.
When the riband R, in unwinding from the roller P, has received or exhibited
successive images by passing behind the window or eyepiece I, it is desirable, for

page_text: its preservation and to facilitate the future operations, that it be wound upon a
similar roller M, which can be readily removed from the apparatus.
The roller M is for this purpose enclosed in a movable box N; it is hollow and
suspended from an axis Q of smaller diameter, around which it can oscillate; this
axis is driven by the main shaft A by means of a friction roller U! acting against a
disc U.
The friction of the axis Q in the interior of the roller. M is sufficient to wind up
the riband when it is supplied to it by the notion of the points of the apparatus,
but not when it is at rest.
By giving to the tube M a larger diameter than that of the axis and by causing
the riband to pass thereto from above, the line force stored by the roller during its
motion can only produce, at the moment of stoppage, an oscillation on the axis, the
roller attaining a position about that indicated in dotted lines M' in Fig. 3, without
continuing the winding.
The riband, when wound, can be removed, by means of the box, protected from
the light.
When the apparatus is employed for obtaining positive pictures the riband
intended to receive these pictures is mounted upon the roller P and, after exposure,
it is wound upon the roller M.
The negative riband R' is mounted upon a second roller P' above the roller P;
it is superposed on the riband R in traversing the apparatus and is drawn forward
at the same time with it by the fork, but it then separates from it and leaves by a
passage T.
To diminish the scintillation due to the periodic passage from light to darkness
during the viewing of the pictures, the seginental screen J is provided with radial
slits of suitable forms and dimensions which can be more or less near each other
and as shown at Fig. 4.
1 1900
Dated this 1941 10
th day of April 198
10
1906.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
Improved Apparatus for Obtaining and Viewing Chrono-
photographic or Zoetropic Pictures.
1, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23 Southampton Buildings in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
(a communication to me from Auguste Lumière and Louis Lumière, both of
21, 23 and 25 Rue Saint Victor, Lyon-Montplaisir, in the Republic of France,
Manufacturers of Photographic Products and Materiais) and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The present invention has for its object improvements upon an invention for
which I obtained Letters Patent No. 7187 of the year 1895 and relates to the
movement of the riband receiving or exhibiting the pictures with a view to
increase the time of rest of this riband, and of winding it up in proportion to its
movement.
Mechanisms employed for this purpose are represented in the drawings accom-
panying my Provisional Specification which show the whole of the improved
apparatus.
Kim Lisa frant view of the aunaratus

page_text: Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line x, y, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line u, v of the same figure.
The riband R is, as described in the specification of the aforesaid patent, moved
by a fork mounted upon a slide D having an alternating vertical movement
imparted to it by a cam B, fixed upon the main shaft A.
The points a. a of this fork, enter lateral perforations in the riband during its
descending motion, whilst they are removed from it during its upward motion;
these movements being given to the fork by inclined planes g. g' turning with the
shaft A.
It is preferred to give to the perforations of the riband R the form of notches,
as shown in the drawings, which permits the fork to act upon the riband even when
the shrinkage of the film, of which it is formed, has reduced its width.
The form of the cam B gives to the riband a rapid descent, and a time of
complete rest equivalent to about two thirds of a complete revolution; it would be
impossible to pass beyond this limit with the cam, although for perfection of
exposure and for viewing, it would be very advantageous to still further increase
the times of rest of the riband. This effect is obtained by giving to the shaft A
which carries the cam, a motion of periodically variable speed, increasing during
the descent of the riband, and decreasing during the rise of the fork, at the moment
when the riband is at rest. For this purpose an eccentric pinion S is fixed on the
shaft A and this pinion is driven by a wheel S of undulated shape, the axis of
which carries the driving pulley V. In the position shown by Fig. 1, the slide D
being at the centre of its downward motion, the pinion S driven by its smallest
radius, possesses its maximum speed, which will be at its minimum after a half
revolution, during the rise of the slide.
The periodical work of moving the riband is partially equilibrated by the weight
of the slide D, and if required by the action of a spring X pressing upon the upper
part of this slide.
When the riband R, in unwinding from the roller P, has received or exhibited
successive images by passing behind the window or opening 1, it is desirable for its
preservation and to facilitate the future operations, that it be wound upon a similar
roller M, which can be readily removed from the apparatus.
The roller M is for this purpose enclosed in a movable box N, it is hollow and
suspended from an axis Q of smaller diameter, around which it can oscillate; this
axis is driven by the main shaft A, by means of a friction roller U' acting against
a disc U.
The friction of the axis Q in the interior of the roller M is sufficient to wind up
the riband when it is supplied to it by the motion of the points of the apparatus,
but not when it is at rest.
By giving to the tube M a larger diameter than that of the axis and by causing
the riband to pass thereto from above, the live force stored by the roller during its
motion, can only produce at the moment of stoppage, an oscillation on the axis, the
roller attaining a position about that indicated in dotted lines M' in Fig. 3 without
continuing the winding.
The riband when wound, can be removed by means of the box, protected from
the light.
When the apparatus is employed for obtaining positive pictures, the riband
intended to receive these pictures, is mounted upon the roller P and after exposure
it is wound upon the roller M.
The negative riband R' is mounted upon a second roller P₁ above the roller P,
it is superposed on the riband R in traversing the apparatus, and is drawn forward
at the same time with it by the fork, but it then separates from it and leaves by a
passage T.
To diminish the scintillation due to the periodic passage from light to darkness
during the viewing of the pictures, the segmental screen J is provided with radial
slits, of suitable forms and dimensions, which can be more or less near each other,
and as shown at Fig. 4.

page_text: Having now particularly described. and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is. to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus of the character herein referred to, for obtaining and viewing
chrono-photographic or zoetropic pictures, a mechanism for moving the riband
which receives or exhibits the successive images or pictures, and consists in driving
the main shaft by means of eccentric wheels which increase its speed during the
movement of the riband, substantially as shown and described.
2. In apparatus of the character herein referred to for obtaining and viewing
chrono-photographic or zoetropic pictures, a mechanism for winding up the said
riband after having received or exhibited the images or pictures and consisting of
a roller suspended from an axis upon which it can oscillate, and moved forward by
the friction of this axis which receives its motion from the main shaft substantially
as shown and described.
3. In apparatus of the character herein referred to the substitution, for the
perforated riband heretofore employed, of notched riband, facilitating the action of
the fork thereon, substantially as shown and described.
4. In apparatus of the character herein referred to, the addition of a radially
slit segmental screen for diminishing scintillation, substantially as shown and
described.
Dated January 1st 1897
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.