IMPROVEMENTS IN MASHING APPARATUS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Garton, of the City and County of Bristol,
Brewer, and Thomas Hill, of the Town and County of the Town of South-
ampton, Sugar Refiner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MASHING
APPARATUS."
Sealed the 31st January 1865, and dated the 3rd August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Garton and
Thomas Hill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 3rd August 1864.
We, CHARLES GARTON, of the City and County of Bristol, Brewer, and
THOMAS HILL, of the Town and County of the Town of Southampton, Sugar
Refiner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MASHING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, in constructing apparatus for mashing in manner
hereafter described, whereby, among other advantages, we are enabled to com-
mence the mashing at one temperature and finish it at a higher temperature
and that in the same apparatus.
Our apparatus consists of an external vessel, by preference cylindrical, and
placed vertically. The vessel is of larger diameter at the upper part than at
the lower, in which the screw blades hereafter mentioned are made to revolve;
an inclined ring unites the upper and lower parts; the lower part of the vessel
tapers off towards the bottom, while the bottom itself is formed with perfora-
ions or apertures which can be more or less closed according to requirement.

page_text: In the centre of the bottom a step or pivot is provided to receive the lower end
of a hollow shaft hereafter mentioned. Prongs or teeth are made to project
inwards towards the shaft. A central hollow shaft free to revolve at bottom
on the stud or in the shoe provided for its reception, and extending at top above
the level of the external vessels, carries near the bottom a dished plate with
ribs on the under side thereof, corresponding with the form of the tapering
bottom of the vessel but free to revolve with the shaft without touching it. The
hollow shaft has fixed on it a series of blades arranged as screw blades made
also hollow for a portion of their length and communicating with the hollow of
the shaft. The bottom of the lowermost blades is perforated. Above the
blades there is a wiper or scraper, the ends of the arms of which are made to
taper and are set on the shaft at such a level as to revolve within, but without
touching the inclined ring herein-before mentioned. Above this wiper a circular
plate or disc is fixed on the shaft, the shaft is continued upwards, passes through
a collar or bearing, and has fixed to it at top a pulley or other gear through
which rotary motion may be imparted to it. At or above the edge of the vessel
and extending round it is a pipe with perforations so arranged as to project
the liquid introduced through it to or towards the central shaft and above the
circular plate thereon. The shaft with its fittings having been introduced into
its place, we fit series of teeth in that part of the vessel in which the screw
blades are placed; each of these series of teeth is by preference cast or affixed
to a bar which may be made to slide into grooves for its reception on the
inner sides, or may be introduced through perforations from the outside of the
vessel, and the teeth are of such length and so placed as to enter between the
screw blades on the shaft. Sometimes we insert a brush through a slot made
for the purpose in order to cleanse the screw blades. The shaft is made to
revolve, the grain to be mashed is fed into the upper part of the vessel on the
upper circular plate, and the liquid admitted through the perforated pipe meet-
ing it they are thrown to the edge of the circular plate between which and the
inner circumference of the vessel, they fall then down the inclined ring into
the lower vessel, and the mashing is effected by means of the screw blades
and fixed teeth. Liquid at a higher temperature than that first mentioned is
admitted into the hollow shaft and issuing through perforations above the
lower dished plate mixes with the mash. The mass is dashed over the edge
of this lower dished plate and issues through the apertures in the bottom of
the vessel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Garton, and Thomas Hill, in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
GARTON, of the City and County of Bristol, Brewer, and THOMAS HILL, of the
Town and County of the Town of Southampton, Sugar Refiner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of August, in the year of our Lord One.
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Charles Garton and Thomas Hill, Her special licence that we, the
said Charles Garton and Thomas Hill, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Garton and Thomas Hill,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,.
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term,
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,.
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MASHING APPARATUS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Charles Garton and
Thomas Hill, or one of us, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Garton and Thomas Hill,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings.
hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists in constructing apparatus for mashing in manner
herein-after described, whereby among other advantages we are enabled to
commence the mashing at one temperature and finish it at a higher temperature.
and that in the same apparatus..
;
Our apparatus consists of a vessel, by preference cylindrical, and placed ver-
tically. The vessel is of larger diameter at the upper part thau at the lower.
in which the screw blades herein-after mentioned, are made to revolve, an

page_text: inclined ring unites the upper and lower parts, the lower part of the vessel
tapers off towards the bottom while the bottom itself is formed with perforations
or apertures which can be more or less closed according to requirement. In
the centre of the bottom a step or pivot is provided to receive the lower end
of a hollow shaft, prongs or teeth are made to project inwards towards the
shaft. A central hollow shaft, free to revolve at bottom on the stud or in the
shoe provided for its reception, and extending at top above the level of the
vessel, carries near the bottom a dished plate with ribs on the under side there-
of, corresponding with the form of the tapering bottom of the vessel but free
to revolve with the shaft without touching. it, the hollow shaft has fixed on it
a series of blades. Above the blades there is a circular plate or disc fixed on
the shaft, the shaft is continued upwards, passes through a collar or bearing
and has fixed to it at top a pulley or other gear through which rotary motion
may be imparted to it. At or above the edge of the vessel and extending
round it is a pipe, with perforations so arranged as to project the liquid
introduced through it to or towards the central shaft and above the circular
plate thereon. We fit series of teeth in that part of the vessel in which the
screw blades are placed; each of these series of teeth is by preference cast or
affixed to a bar which may be made to slide into grooves for its reception on
the inner sides, or may be introduced through perforations from the outside of
the vessel, and the teeth are of such length and so placed as to enter between
the screw blades on the shaft. Sometimes instead of a set of teeth we insert
a set of brushes in order to cleanse the screw blades.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is an elevation of our improved
mashing apparatus with part of the casing removed; Figure 2 is a plan
through the line A, B, of Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a view of the grating at
the bottom of the apparatus.
A, A, is a frame on which the apparatus is fixed; B is the upper and C the
lower part of the mashing vessel united by the conical ring D; E is the grating
forming the bottom of the vessel, two similar gratings are used one of which
is capable of motion round its axis for the purpose of decreasing the apertures
in the fixed grating when required; a is a pivot which receives the lower end
of a hollow shaft F, and upon which it is free to revolve; G is a dished plate,
carrying at bottom ribs b, b, and fixed to the shaft F; H, H, are blades, shewn
respectively in plan and edge view at Figures 4 and 5, these blades are fixed
at intervals on the shaft and revolve with it; J, J, are teeth carried upon
bars c, c, which slide in grooves in the sides of the lower part of the vessel.
The blades on the shaft are arranged so as to revolve in the spaces between
the teeth; d is a cap nut for sécuring the blades in their position on the shaft.

page_text: K is a dished plate fixed to the shaft and tapered off towards the outer edge
L is a rose bulb at the lower end of the shaft; M is a bearing in which the
upper end of the shaft revolves, and N is a pulley by which rotary motion is
communicated; O is a perforated pipe carried round the upper edge of the
mashing vessel, the perforations being so placed as to cause the liquor to flow
towards the shaft; P is a tap for supplying hot liquor to the hollow shaft, which
issuing through the rose bulb at bottom, comes in contact with the mash in the
lower part of the mashing vessel.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The shaft is made to revolve,
the grain to be mashed is fed into the upper part of the vessel on the upper
circular plate, and the liquor admitted through the perforated pipe meeting
it, they are thrown to the edge of the circular plate, between which and the
inner circumference of the vessel they fall into the lower part of the vessel, and
the mashing is effected by means of the blades and fixed teeth. Liquor at a
bigher temperature than that first used is admitted into the hollow shaft, and
issuing through the rose bulb above the lower dished plate mixes with the
mash; the mass is dashed over the edge of this lower dished plate, and issues
through the apertures in the bottom of the vessel.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim, constructing
apparatus for mashing, substantially in manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hill, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirty-first day of January One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-five.
T. HILL. (LS.)