IMPROVE- MENTS IN HEATING COPPERS, PANS, AND BOILERS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Longmaid, of Victoria Cottage, Stoke New-
ington, and John Longbottom, of Leeds, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HEATING COPPERS, PANS, AND BOILERS."
Sealed the 3rd August 1855, and dated the 21st May 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Longmaid and
John Longbottom at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on tho 21st May 1855.
We, WILLIAM LONGMAID, of Victoria Cottage, Stoke Newington, and Jonn
LONGBOTTOM, of Leeds, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING COPPERS, PANS, AND BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object a more advantageous employment or
application of the circulation of hot water to heat coppers, pans, and boilers;
and the improvement consists of forming a coil or coils of hot-water tubing
to the external form, or nearly so, of the copper or pan or boiler which is to be
heated, so that the interior of the vessel will be free as heretofore when heated
by a naked fire or steam jacket. The parts of the tubular apparatus for this
purpose are to be connected together and closed at all parts, allowing sufficient
room for the expansion of the water, so that the circulating water may be

page_text: under considerable pressure, and consequently capable of presenting compara-
tively high temperatures to the exterior surfaces of the coppers, pans, or boilers
to which the same may be applied.
10 in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Longmaid and John Longbottom in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 21st November 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
LONGMAID, of Victoria Cottage, Stoke Newington, and JonN LONGBOTTOM, of
Leeds, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Longmaid and John Longbottom, Her special licence that
we, the said William Longmaid and John Longbottom, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Longmaid and
John Longbottom, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HEATING COPPERS, PANS, AND BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said William Longmaid and John Longbottom, by an instrument
in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Longmaid, on behalf of myself
and the said John Longbottom, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be parti-
cularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object a more advantageous employment or
application of the circulation of hot water to heat coppers, pans, and boilers;

page_text: and the improvement consists of forming a coil or coils of hot-water tubing!
to the external form, or nearly so, of the copper or pan or boiler which is to
be heated, so that the interior of the vessel will be free as heretofore when,
heated by a naked fire or steam jacket. The parts of the tubular apparatus
for this purpose are to be connected together and closed at all parts, allowing
sufficient room for the expansion of the water, so that the circulating water
may be under considerable pressure, and consequently capable of presenting
comparatively high temperatures to the exterior surfaces of the coppers, pans,
or boilers to which the same may be applied.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same. In applying our
Invention to a pan or boiler suitable for evaporating alkaline and other liquors,
we arrange the hot-water tubing in the manner shown in the accompanying
Drawing, which represents the section of a pan or boiler, and hot-water
heating apparatus applied thereto. A represents the foundation or setting of
the pan or boiler. The hot-water tubing B is arranged in the form of the
pan or boiler C, which is made of cast iron, or it may be of other metal,
according to the purpose to which it is to be applied. The pan or boiler
shown is such as is sometimes used in the inanufacture of alkali. The form,
however, may be varied, and the external arrangement also of the hot-water
tubing. The pan or boiler is fitted into the coils of pipe or tubing B in such
manner that the heat of the circulating water may be applied to the external
surface. A portion of the pipe is coiled into the fire box D, as has heretofore
been done when using similar hot-water apparatus for heating rooms and
other purposes, as is well understood. E represents the expansion tube closed
at top, which we make of sufficient capacity to allow for the expansion of the
water, as is usual in such description of tubular apparatus; F represents the
end of the pipe or tube, which is also hermetically sealed. The fire box is
formed of cast-iron plates, which are united together in the ordinary manner,
and lined with fire brick. When the fire is applied, the water that is contained
in that portion of the pipe or tube that is coiled into the fire box D will
become heated, and will rise to the highest portion of the piping, and thus
circulates-around the pan, and produce a comparatively uniform temperature
at its external surface; the heat is thus transmitted to the liquid contained in
the
pan
or boiler, and the water or fluid will be evaporated with rapidity.
Although we have shown only one form of pan or boiler, it will be evident-
that the heating apparatus may be applied to every description of copper, pan,
or boiler, whether-open or closed. We would, therefore, have it understood
that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein described; and

page_text: we would remark that we do not claim the circulation of hot water in closed
tubes or pipes; but what we claim is, the application, as herein described, of
close hot-water tubing or piping to the external surfaces of coppers, pans,
or boilers, for the purpose of heating, boiling, or evaporating the liquids
therein.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Longmaid, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
WILLIAM LONGMAID. (L.B.)