Improvements in and in connection with Incandescence Burners.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 6th July, 1896-Accepted, 8th Aug., 1896
[Communicated from abroad by CHARLES SCHMID, of 47 Boulevard, Anspach,.
Brussels, Chemist.]
Improvements in and in connection with Incandescence Burners.
I WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY, of the Firm of Wheatley and Mackenzie,
Engineers and Patent Agents, of 40 Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus of the kind in which the flame from a gas or
other burner is caused to heat to incandescence a body of suitable refractory
material and thereby increase the illuminating power of the flame and is applicable
for use with either ordinary coal gas or gas produced by the volatilization of oil
or other substance and consists firstly, in the particular construction of the burner
proper and secondly, of the composition of the refractory material of which the
body to be rendered incandescent is constructed and the process by which the said
material is prepared.
In a burner constructed according to this invention the gas issues vertically
through an orifice into a mixing chamber suitably perforated for the admission of
the air requisite to produce a combustible mixture. Inside this chamber is a turbine
or rotary screw blade device mounted on a vertical axis and which by the passage
of the combustible mixture is caused to rotate and thereby effect an intimate
mixture of the air and gas before reaching the outlet orifice of the burner.
The perforated air chamber is provided with a rotary casing correspondingly
perforated by which the admission of air is regulated.
The burner is preferably of the Argand type having a continuous annular or
perforated outlet orifice in which is secured a cage-work or other luminant device
of refractory material formed of vertical rods, lattice or other suitable design and
which on the ignition of the gas becomes heated to incandescence and thereby
increases the illuminating power of the gas.
The refractory material is composed of either, magnesium calcium alone, or in
combination with nitrate of silver, or any known refractory metals or earths or
salts or oxides of metals other than silver.
In forming the illuminant substance magnesium is placed in a vessel mixed with
water and ground or otherwise reduced to a pasty or creamy consistancy, or mixed
with other suitable metals or salts or oxides of metals, and is then placed in moulds
and burnt to the desired degree of hardness.
Dated this 6th day of September 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements in and in connection with Incandescence Burners.
I WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY, of the Firm of Wheatley and Mackenzie
of 40 Chancery Lane, London, Engineers and Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus of the kind in which the flame from a gas or
other burner preferably of the Bunsen or atmospheric type is caused to heat to
incandescence a body of suitable refractory material and thereby increase the
illuminating power of the flame and is applicable for use with either ordinary coal
gas or gas produced by the volatilization of oil or other substance, and consists
firstly in the particular construction of the burner proper, and secondly of the
composition of the refractory material of which the body to be rendered
incandescent is constructed and the process by which the said material is
prepared.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a burner of the Argand type constructed according
to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the burner orifice.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section to an enlarged scale of the orifice of the burner
shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a plan of turbine and mixer shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional elevation and plan of a cap or hood of the refractory
material.
Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional elevation and plan of another design of cap or
hood, and
Figs. 9 and 10 are sectional elevation and plan of another design of cap or
hood.
The gas from a generator or other source issues through perforations a in the
orifice or nozzle in either vertical or inclined directions into a mixing chamber c
provided with perforations d for the admission of air, and thence through a
turbine e mounted by means of an agate or other bearing cap on a vertical
pivot and which by the passage of the gas is caused to rotate. On the periphery
of the said turbine are mounted outer vanes or screw blades which when rotated
by the action of the current of gas modify the flow of air into the chamber and
thoroughly mix the incoming air with the gas on its way to the burner orifice i.
The chamber c is divided at and is secured together by screw threads or otherwise.
Inside the chamber casing 'm is fitted a corresponding cup n coincidently perforated
for the admission of air and free to be rotated to a limited extent in order to
regulate the admission of air, by an operating pin or lever o secured to the
shutter cup n and working in a short slot in the casing m in a well known
manner.
The burner is of the Argand type (Figs. 1-3) the annular orifice being covered
with wire gauze i secured by rings p and having short vertical tubular sockets 9
placed centrally at suitable distances apart to receive the ends of the rods r of
refractory material which on the ignition of the gas, become heated to incandescence
and thereby increase the illuminating power of the gas.
On leaving the chamber c the gaseous mixture passes up the tubes and through
the annular buruer chamber t to the burner orifice i. The annular chamber tis
formed of an inner cup v and an outer casing w secured together by means of
tubes which also permit of the free passage of air to the central part of the
burner.

page_text: Any suitable form of illuminant device may be employed with my improvel
burner. That shown in Figs. 5 and 6 comprises a cage formed of top and bottom
bands y joined by rods and having projecting feet a' for fisting int the sockets q
to held it concentric with the burner and to permit of the flame playing all
round it.
The modified form of cap or hood shown in Figs. 7 and 8 is made of a solid
shell and contracted in diameter at its summit, while that represented in Figs. 9
and 10 is in the form of a solid cylindrical shell.
The refractory material is composed of either a mixture of magnesia and
magnesium nitrate alone, or in combination with nitrate of silver, or any known
refractory metals or earths or salts or oxides of metals other than silver.
In forming the illuminant substance magnesia and magnesium nitrate are placed
in a vessel, mixed with water and ground of otherwise reduced to a pasty or creamy
consistancy or mixed with other suitable metals or salts or oxides of metals and
then placed in moulds and burnt to the desired degree of hardness.
I am aware that it has been heretofore proposed to employ in connection with
incandescence burners a mixing fan operated by the heated air passing upwards
from the burner, but I make no claim to any such arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In an incandescence burner of the kind hereinbefore referred to, the use of a
turbine or fan operated by the gas supply, substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described.
2. In an incandescence burner the combination consisting of a gas supply pipe
leading into a mixing chamber furnished with air inlet orifices and a turbine or
fan operated by the gas passing through the chamber, arranged and operating
substantially as described.
3. In an incandescence burner, a device for supplying a gaseous combustible
mixture comprising a turbine mounted on a vertical pivot in a mixing chamber and
provided with peripheral vanes, a gas nozzle placed beneath the said turbine and
having vertical or inclined orifices, and a rotatable perforated shutter fitting the
perforated casing, the whole arranged constructed and operating substantially as
described and for the purpose set forth.
4. The arrangement and construction of incandescence burners substantially as
described and shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings with or without any
suitable incandescence body.
5. The construction of incandescence bodies substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the drawings.
6. The manufacture, substantially in the manner described, of an illuminant
device consisting of magnesia and magnesium nitrate.
7. The manufacture of an illuminant device consisting of magnesia and magnesium
nitrate in combination with nitrate of silver substantially in the manner and
proportions described.
8. The manufacture of an illuminant device consisting of magnesia and magnesium
uitrate in combination with any known refractory metals or earths or salts or oxide;
of metals substantially in the manner and proportions described.
Dated this 6th day of June 1896.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.