Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Grain or Granular or Powdered Substances.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Grain or Granular or
Powdered Substances.
We, JOHN YOUNG, of 61, South View West, Heaton, Miller, JOHN BIRRELL, of
25, Rippenden Street, Heaton, Joiner, and WILLIAM CRAWFORD, of 60, Holly
Avenue, Engineer, all in the City and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The apparatus forming the subject of our invention relates specially to the
drying of washed wheat or other grain, but is applicable to other substances of
granular or powdered composition. It comprises a chamber of brickwork, or of
metal, preferably vertical fitted with a series of transverse cylindrical drums in
each of which revolve slowly a set of curved blades mounted on shafts which on
their ends, outside the casing, carry a train of driven spur or other gearing. The
chamber is in communication at its lower end with flame and hot gases traversing
the interior around the drums and escaping by a chimney, or radiated heat may be
used from a jacket surrounding the chamber containing flame, gases, hot air, or
steam.
The wheat, or other substance to be dried, is delivered by a hopper into the
upper drum and slowly carried round by the curved blades till it reaches an out-
let into a second hopper down which it passes into the next drum and so on, into
each drum successively, being in each slowly agitated and thoroughly exposed to
the surrounding heat till all moisture is expelled. The drums may be formed
with perforations or may be of wire or gauze to facilitate the drying by the
escape of the evaporated moisture.
In a modified arrangement, where longer exposure is required to properly dry
the grain or other substances, instead of curved blades slowly revolving in the
drums, we may use "creepers" by which the grain, or other substances, entering
at one end will be slowly agitated and carried to the opposite end and there
delivered by a hopper into the next drum. The drums in this case will be
preferably only perforated on their upper halves to allow the evaporated moisture
to escape.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Grain or Granular or
Powdered Substances.
We, JOHN YOUNG, of 61, South View West, Heaton, Miller, JOHN BIRRELL, of
25, Rippenden Street, Heaton, Joiner, and WILLIAM CRAWFORD, of 60, Holly
Avenue, Engineer, all in the City and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, do- hereby
declare the nature of this invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The apparatus forming the subject of our invention relates specially as con-
structed on the drawings herewith, to the drying of washed wheat or other feeding
grain in an ordinary steam flour mill by induced draught but may be applied to
other substances of granular composition. It comprises a rectangular chamber A
of brickwork, or of metal, preferably vertical fitted with a series of transverse
cylindrical drums B which revolve slowly with a set of curved blades C, mounted,
on shafts D, which on their ends, outside the casing A, carry a train of driven spur
or other gearing indicated by dotted circles. The chamber A is in communication
at its low end with flame and hot gases entering at the door E and traversing the
interior around the drums B and escaping at F by a chimney, or radiated heat
may be used from a jacket surrounding the chamber containing flame, gases hot
air, or steam.
The wheat, or other substance to be dried, is delivered by a hopper G into the
upper drum B and slowly carried round by the curved blades till it falls into a
second hopper down which it passes into the next drum and so on, into each next
lower drum successively, being in each slowly agitated or scattered and thoroughly
exposed to the surrounding heat till all moisture is expelled. The blades C may
be formed with perforations or may be of wire or gauze to facilitate the drying
by the escape of the evaporated moisture.
In a modified arrangement, where longer exposure is required to properly dry
the grain or other substances, instead of drums with curved blades we may use
creepers" by which the grain, or other substances, entering at one end will be
slowly agitated and carried to the opposite end and there delivered by a hopper
into the next drum. This modification will be so readily understood that it needs
no drawing to illustrate it being for analogous purposes commonly in use but
not for this special application to drying. The drum in this case may be preferably
only perforated on their upper halves to allow the evaporated moisture to escape
or all around the surface.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1st. An apparatus for drying granular (in various grades of sizes) pulverulent or
similar materials in which a series of slowly revolving horizontal drums mounted
on shafts disposed tangentially enclosed in a chamber exposed to heat which may
be the products of combustion of coal coke oil gas or other fuel or hot air circu-
lating in said chamber either in direct contact with the materials or may circulate
in a casing or jacket around it containing such products of combustion or steam
from which casing or jacket the heat is radiated to the interior of the chamber
(depending upon the materials treated). The materials being treated are carried
slowly round by the blades in each succeeding drum and finally disc arged from

page_text: the lower drum and so successively dried substantially as described and in one
form shown,
2nd. The apparatus comprising the various parts combined constructed and
operating substantially as described and shewn by the drawings herewith.
Dated this 14th day of January 1898.
T. J. DANSON,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicants.