Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 15th Oct., 1892
described and ascertamed in and by the following statement :—
The object of my invention is to so construct a pulping engine that it will
thoroughly pulp the material and to so arrange the parts that its capacity will
be materially increased; at the same time the floor space occupied by my
improved machine will be of much less area than the space occupied by the
machines now in common use.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1, is a side view of my improved pulping engine.
Fig. 2, is a plan view.
Fig. 3, is a longitudinal sectional view; and―
Fig. 4, is a transverse sectional view.
I would state at the outset that my improved engine is of a type in which the
mid-feather or central partition forming the two passage ways is horizontal instead of
vertical, therefore the passage-ways are one above the other, and not arranged side
by side, consequently, the width of the machine is greatly decreased, thus reducing
the area of the floor space occupied.
Referring to the drawings, A, is the casing preferably made of metal, and of the
shape shown, having a flat bottom plate a, slightly inclined towards the delivery
end, and rounded ends a', a², the upper portion of the casing being open.
Situated at or at about the centre of the casing is the transverse disintegrating
roll B, having suitable blades b, of the usual forin and secured to the roll in the
usual manner.
The journals of this roll are adapted to boxes c, c, in guides c', secured to the
exterior of the casing A.
The journals pass through elongated openings a³, in the casing which are
suitably closed by caps described hereinafter. On one of the journals is mounted
a suitable driving wheel through which motion is imparted to the disintegrating
roll B.
Separating the casing into two sections or passages A1, A2, are two partitions C, C¹,
one on each side of the roll B, forming a mid-feather on a line with the centre of
the roll, both partitions stop short of the ends of the casing, and their edges are
on an angle as clearly shown in Fig. 2, so as to turn the stock as it passes from
one passage to the other. The travel of the stock in the engine is clearly indicated
by the arrows in Fig. 3.
The partition C, has a curved guide-way c. for guiding the stock over the roll B,
while the partition C', has a curved back fall or receiving way c², which removes
the stock from the roll and directs it to its course through the passage A'. On the
underside of the partition C, is a guide e, for directing the stock from under the
roll B.
Directly below the roll B, is a series of disintegrating knives d, held in a box D,
in the usual manner; this box is fixed as regards any vertical movement.
Directly above the roll B, B, is a series of disintegrating knives e, held in a
vertically movable box E. This box is so geared to the roll that it will raise or
lower with the roll when it is raised or lowered.
On each side of the box E, are frames F, the lower portions of the frames being
bevelled towards the knives, so that the stock will not pack around the box, but
will pass through between the upper portion of the roll and the upper knives.

page_text: These frames are secured to the casing by clamp bolts which are adapted to
slots in the flanges of the frames, and the frames can be adjusted towards or from
the box by set screws f¹.
It will be seen by the above description that the roll acts in conjunction with two
sets of knives, attacking the stock first in the lower passage A2, and then in the
upper passage A', thus the stock is acted upon twice during one circuit of the
machine, and the forward motion of the stock is increased owing to its being
propelled both in the upper and lower passages by the roll.
I will now describe the mechanism for raising and lowering the roll and upper
knife box.
On each side of the casing A, is a lever G, pivoted at g, in the present instance
to one of the guide frames c¹. The boxes c, for the trunnions of the roll are
suspended from each lever by links g', as clearly shown in Fig. 1.
The outer end
of each lever G, is connected by a link h, to a vertically adjustable screw rod H,
adapted to suitable bearings 1, on the side of the casing. Adapted to the screw
threads of the rods H, is a nut I, in the form of a worm wheel having teeth on its
periphery engaging with the worm i. A transverse shaft I', adapted to bearings J,
carries a worm i, at each end, the worms engaging with their respective worm
wheels I, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The transverse shaft is provided with a
handle 1º, by which it can be turned so as to raise and lower the lever and con-
sequently raise and lower the disintegrating roll B.
In order to raise the upper knife box at the same time as the roll, and so that
it will lift automatically when the roll is lifted by any foreign matter passing
between the knife and roll, I connect the upper knife box in the following
manner :-
The knife box E, has at each side of the casing A, an extension E', through
which passes a rod K, T-shaped at its lower end so as to rest in a socket 1, in a
lever L, at the same side of the machine.
The opposite end of the rod K, is screw-threaded, and adapted to the screw
threads is a handled nut 4, and a jam nut k².
Each lever L, is pivoted at 1, to a guide frame c¹, or to a bracket on the same
side of the casing, the opposite end of the lever being connected at 12, to the said
link h, and to the said rod H, so that any adjustment of the rod H, by the means
hereinbefore described will not only adjust the roll lever G and roll B, but will also
adjust the box lever L and upper knife box E.
In the present instance, I place the fulcrum of the roll lever G, nearer the
connection of the said link to which the roll box is attached than the fulcrum l',
of the lever L, is placed with reference to the described connection of such lever
with the upper knife box, so that if the roll is lifted one inch, the upper knife box
will be raised more than an inch according to the distance between the fulcrum of
the lever and its load. In the present instance I so arrange it that if the roll is
raised one inch, the upper knife box will be raised two inches leaving a clearance
of an inch between the roll and upper knife box.
The upper knife box is mounted upon two springs m, m, one on each side of the
machine, the springs resting upon brackets M, projecting from the casing A. In
place of the springs, weighted levers may be used, being the equivalent of the
springs, or indirect acting springs may be used which are also the equivalent of the
direct acting spring shown.
I mount the bearings J, carrying the transverse shaft I'; on the vertical rods H,
as shown clearly in Fig. 1, the bearings resting upon the brackets ¹, at the side of
the machine. .
The bearings are not secured to the brackets, but are free as regards any vertical
motion so that if by accident any foreign matter should pass between the rolls and
either of the knives, as is often the case in pulp engines, the bearings J, will be
lifted off their seats, as the rods H, will be raised by the roll or the upper knife
box, consequently, while the roll and upper knife box can be regulated by turning

page_text: the shaft I, it will not interfere with the movement of either the roll or knife box
as above described.
In order to prevent leakage through the openings a³, in the sides of the casing,
I mount on each spindle 1, a neat fitting ring S, between a flange s, on the ring
and the casing I insert a packing ring t, and the ring S, is kept up against the
packing by a lever T, fulcrumed at t, having preferably a roller u, which bear
against the flanges, of the ring.
A bolt, on the casing passes through an opening in the lever, and on this bolt is
a nut v, so that on screwing up this nut the lever is pressed against the ring,
preventing any leakage between the casing and the ring, at the same time this
arrangement does not interfere with the free vertical movement of the ring with
the roll.
The blades e, of the upper knife box E, are secured together and to the separated
pieces by transverse pins e¹, some of these bolts pass through eyes in eye-bolts e²,
which extend up through the box E, and are provided with nuts e³, which firmly
hold the blades e, in the box.
we, is the outlet for the casing and is provided with a suitable valve w¹, which is
operated by a suitable handle 103, connected to the stem w³, by a lever w', this valve
is of the ordinary construction.
The operation of my improved pulp engine is as follows:-The pulp is introduced
into the machine preferably at the end, Fig. 3, and is carried forward as indicated
by the arrows Fig. 3, between the disintegrating roll and the upper blades e, and
after passing through the passage A¹, is carried to the lower passage A², under the
partition C, then between the roll and the lower blades d, passing to the passage A³
at the opposite side of the roll. This course is followed until the stock is thoroughly
treated, after which it is discharged in the ordinary manner.
The stock in passing from one compartment to the other travels over the inclined
end of the partition or mid-feather, and consequently the fibres of the stock are
re-arranged before being presented to the knives, thus I am enabled to thoroughly
disintegrate the stock in an even manner throughout.
The upper knives more readily disintegrate the light stock and the lower knives
act more readily upon the heavy stock.
If any foreign matter, such as a piece of metal, by accident enters the machine,
it would be drawn towards the roll and carried thereunder raising the roll without
injuring any portion of the machine, and when the metal passes the roll, it would
remain undisturbed in the lower passage to be removed when the machine is
cleaned.
In some instances I may construct a machine in which the lower set of knives
is dispensed with, using only the upper set, when a specific pulp is to be operated
upon.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The combination in a pulping engine, of the tank, the disintegrating roll B,
partition C, C, one on each side of the roll forming the mid-feather which separates
the tank into upper and lower passages, with upper disintegrating blades directly
above the roll and acting in conjunction therewith, substantially as described.
2. The combination of the casing, the disintegrating roll, the mid-feather forming
upper and lower passages in the casing, with disintegrating blades, situated below
the roll and acting in conjunction therewith on the stock as it passes through the
lower passage, and upper disintegrating blades acting in conjunction with the
blades on the stock as it passes through the upper passage, substantially as set
forth.
3. The combination of the casing, a central disintegrating roll therein, the
horizontal mid-feather on each side of the roll, forming upper and lower passages,

page_text: one or both of the outer ends of the mid-feather being at an angle, substantially as
described.
4. The combination of the casing, a central mid-feather forming two passages, a
disintegrating roll mounted in the casing and projecting into each passage, with
disintegrating blades in each passage, acting on the stock in conjunction with the
roll, substantially as specified.
5. The combination of the casing, the mid-feather, the fixed lower blades, the
vertically movable roll, the vertically movable upper blades, mechanism sub-
stantially as described whereby the carrier of the upper blades is connected to
the roll so that when the roll is raised the upper blades will be raised, substantially
as described.
6. The combination of the casing, the mid-feather separating the casing into
upper and lower passages, a roll extending into both passages, fixed lower blades,
movable upper blades, boxes for the trunnions of the roll, levers connected to said
boxes, levers connected to the upper blade carrier, said levers being connected
together, and mechanism for raising and lowering the rolls and blades, substantially
as described.
7. The combination of the casing, the mid-feather, a disintegrating roll, bearings
for the journals of said roll the fixed lower blades, the vertically movable upper
blades, a lever on each side of the casing linked to the bearings for the roll, a lever
on each side of the casing connected to the upper blade carrier, connections
between the roll levers and the blade levers, vertical screw rods connected to said
levers, nuts on said screw rods having gear teeth in the periphery, a transverse
shaft, worms on said transverse shaft gearing with the teeth of the said nuts,
substantially as described.
8. The combination in a pulping engine, of the upper blade casing, blades
therein, filling pieces between said blades, transverse securing pins for the said
blades, eye bolts through which the pins pass, said bolts passing up through the
box, with nuts adapted to said bolts, substantially as described.
9. The combination in a pulping engine, of the casing, the upper blades, box
therefor, mounted in said casing, a disintegrating roll connected to the box, with
springs or their equivalents situated between the casing and the box, said springs
tending to raise the blade box, substantially as described.
10. The combination of the casing, disintegrating roll, vertical adjusting rods
connected to the bearing of said roll adapted to guide-ways on the casing, threaded
worm wheels on the bars, a transverse shaft, worms on the shaft engaging with the
worm wheels, bearing for said shaft mounted on the upright rods and resting on
the guides therefor so that any accidental raising of the roll will not disengage the
gearing but merely raise the bearings of the transverse shaft, substantially as
described.
11. The combination of the casing, the disintegrating roller, bearings therefor,
levers connected to said bearings, upper disintegrating blades, carrier therefor, levers
connected to said carrier, connections between the roll levers, and the blade levers,
the fulcrum of the blade levers being at the greater distance from its weight than
the fulcrum of the roll lever, whereby when the roll is raised the blades will be
moved a greater extent than the roll, substantially as described.
12. The combination of the casing, openings in the side of said casing, a
disintegrating roll, the trunnions of said roll extending through the openings in
said casing, flanged rings adapted to said trunnions, pivoted levers adapted to
bear against said rings, bolts for holding the levers against the ring, with annular
packing between each ring and the casing, substantially as described.
13. The combination in a pulping engine, of the casing, the disintegrating roll,
the upper knife box situated above the roll, knives contained in said box, frames on
each side of the knife box, the lower portion of each frame being bevelled towards
the knives so as to guide the stock thereunder, substantially as described.
14. The combination of the casing, disintegrating roll, the upper disintegrating

page_text: knives situated above the roll, a box for said knives, frames on each side of the box,
having inclined portions, said frames being adjustable upon the casing, set screws
for adjusting said frames and locking bolts for locking each frame in the adjusted
position, substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of August 1892.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.