andd Method of Use in Lamps, Stoves, and Heating Apparatus, and Use in Lamps, Stoves, and Heating Apparatus, and Improved. Apparatus for the Purpose of Effecting the same.
Year: 1885

page_text: New and Improved Method of Producing from Kerosene Oil
.
of any Density Flame (Producing Light and Heat) to be
Emitted through a Burner without the Aid of a Wick for
Use in Lamps, Stoves, and Heating Apparatus, and Improved
Use in Lamps, Stoves, and Heating Apparatus, and Improved.
Apparatus for the Purpose of Effecting the same.
I WILLIAM BARRACLOUGH of Balmain near Sydney in the Colony of New South
Wales Engineer do hereby declare that the nature of my invention for A NEW
AND IMPROVED METHOD OF PRODUCING FROM KEROSENE OIL OF ANY DENSITY
FLAME (PRODUCING LIGHT AND HEAT) TO BE EMITTED THROUGH A BURNER
WITHOUT THE AID OF A WICK FOR USE IN LAMPS STOVES AND HEATING
APPARATUS AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PURPOSE OF EFFECTING THE
SAME and the manner in which the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is a new and improved method of extracting from
kerosene oil of any density flame (producing light and heat) to be emitted through
a burner without the aid of a wick for use in lamps stoves and heating apparatus
and improved apparatus for the purpose of effecting the same and the said method
prevents the burner from getting soon choked (as in burners attached to apparatus.
already. invented for the like or similar purposes) and produces a white and.
smokeless flame not produced in such other apparatus giving a powerful light and
heat.
To carry out my invention I construct the apparatus of which a longitudinal
section is shown in figure 1 to which a ring can be attached for hanging against a
wall or it may be fixed in a gasalier or other apparatus ordinarily used in gas
burning or the apparatus may be fixed in a stand so as to form as the case may be
a hanging or a portable lamp or the apparatus can be adjusted for use in stoves.
The construction of the said apparatus is as follows*
The same consists of an enclosed receptacle or fount with opening at top for the
kerosene oil through the bottom of which I fix a metal pipe or tube extending.
from the top of the fount any convenient length below it preferably about, but
not less than eighteen inches below the fount and having a hole drilled therein.
near the bottom of the inside of the fount to admit of the flow of the fluid. At
•

page_text: the termination of this pipe I fix a screw tap or plug for regulating or shutting
off the flow of fluid at that point the same being formed by a perpendicular screw
stem passing upwards through the pipe and through the fount or receptacle for
oil to the outside at the top where the knob of the tap is placed. I fix an elbow
joint at the end of the perpendicular pipe from the opposite end of which a
horizontal metal pipe or tube is extended of any length according to requirement
for the design of the lamp or heating apparatus. To the end of this tube I fix
another elbow joint into the opposite end of which is fixed in a vertical position a
metal pipe or tube I call the packing tube The same consists of a piece of metal
tubing of which the size or diameter will be according to the size of the lamp or
the amount of flame required. For lamps in ordinary use I construct the same of
five sixteenths of an inch diameter This tube can be of any length. For lamps
in ordinary use I make it three inches. I pack this tube with pieces of Glass as a
non heat conducting substance and being that which I have found the most
suitable material the pieces of glass being about the size of millet seed and a
grooved screw is placed at each end of the tube to prevent the glass from falling
out. These screws have two grooves on each side to admit of the fluid passing
through. On the lower end of the packing tube and in a vertical line with it is
attached a nipple consisting of a cylindrical piece of brass about half an inch long
having a hole through its axis about the one hundredth part of an inch in diameter
and upon its lower end a thread upon which is screwed what I term the mixing
tube the same being a metal pipe or tube about oue inch long and about a quarter
of an inch in internal diameter for an ordinary size flame I believe this tube can
be made larger for large sized flame and of any length provided the same proportion
is observed between the length and the diameter. This tube for an ordinary lamp
has one hole on each side near the top in each of which is fixed horizontally a
metal pipe or tube about two inches long in an ordinary lamp these tubes being
thus so disposed that they will be directly over the flame when the lamp is
burning. For a large sized flaine I may fix two or more of these lateral tubes into
the mixing tube. The lateral tubes just mentioned may be either straight or
curved the curved being preferable but the straight being more adapted to a small
sized flame. I make these lateral tubes of about one quarter inch diameter but
I have not found the diameter thereof to make any material difference so long as a
fair proportion to other portions of the apparatus is observed I call these lateral
tubes the heaters The apparatus is completed by a burner being fixed to the
lower end of the mixing tube the same consisting of a short cylindrical piece of
brass about one half of an inch in length and one half of an inch in diameter
hollowed for three quarters of its length to fix on to the mixing tube and six or
eight lateral holes through which the flame issuca. I construct the said apparatus
of any suitable metal preferably of brass.
"
Having described the construction of the said apparatus I now proceed to
explain how the same is used and my invention carried into effect.
The fount being filled with kerosene oil the tap is slightly loosened to allow a
Emall portion of the oil to pass through the tubes into the burner and then turned
ott:
When the apparatus is so adjusted a portion or excess of the oil will drop
through the burner leaving a small quantity in the burner and tubes. Light is
then applied to the burner and the kerosene therein will at once ignite and the
flame enveloping the mixing tube and packing tube in about one minute of time
will heat to the requisite degree the mixing tube heaters and packing tube whilst
induced currents of air will pass through the heating tubes or heaters. The tap
being again turned on to allow the oil to pass through the packing tube a con-
tinuous rush of kerosene vapour will take place through the small hole in the
nipple. The air in passing through the heaters is raised to a high temperature
and mixes with the kerosene vapour in the mixing tube and the mixture of
kerosene vapour and air rushes out through the lateral openings of the burner with
a force which could not be accounted for by the altitude of the column of kerosene
and the same burns with a white smokeless damę,

page_text: Having thus particularly described my invention and ascertained how the same
is to be performed in order to more clearly explain the same I refer to the accom-
panying drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my apparatus.
Figure 2 is a cross section of the curved heating tubes or heaters attached to the
mixing tube.
In figure 1 A is a receptacle or fount for the oil B is the perpendicular tube
passing through the fount or receptacle C represents the regulating plug D. D the
screw stem thereof passing through the pipe B and through the fount terminating
in the knob E. F the elbow joint fixed to the bottom of the pipe. G the
horizontal pipe passing therefrom H the elbow joint at the end thereof I the
packing tube filled with fragments of Glass. JJ screws to keep in place
the fragments of glass with grooved sides for the passage of the oil K the nipple
through the hole in which the kerosene vapour passes from I the packing tube
L the mixing tube for the combination of the kerosene vapour and heated air
MM the cross hollow heating tubes or heaters fixed thereon through which
currents of air pass into the mixing tube O the burner.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I have to state that I do not claim such parts
thereof as consist in the general form of the apparatus herein before described or in
the use of metal heaters for the generation from mineral oils or kerosene of either
gas or vapour or the use of a packing tube or the use of a tap for regulating the
supply of fluid into the packing tube But I declare that what I claim is
1. An improved construction of the said apparatus involved in the following
particulars
A. The application of heaters constructed hollow placed over the flame for the
purpose of bringing the air or induced currents of air to a high temperature
prior to the same becoming mixed with the kerosene vapour in the mixing
tube.
B. The construction of the tap as shewn in the accompanying drawing the same
dispensing with any packing as required in taps of the ordinary construction
for similar apparatus and preventing the leakage which arises therefrom.
C. The filling of the packing tube with pieces of glass as a non heat conducting
substance.
2. A new and improved method of producing from kerosene oil of any density
a smokeless flame giving a brilliant white light and heat (emitted through a
burner) without the aid of any wick for use as a lamp or in stoves by means of
the admission into the tube on which the burner is fixed of air or currents of air
raised to a high temperature and so constructing the packing tube of the apparatus
and the adjacent parts thereof as not to apply such a heat to the kerosene whilst
n the packing tube as to decompose the oil but only so much as is necessary to
convert it into vapour so as to prevent the formation of cinder or tar in the
packing tube and so as to produce from the combination of vapour from kerosene
il of any density and heated air a white powerful flame free from smoke and of
great force and intensity.