Improvements in Double-acting Drilling Braces.
Year: 1897

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by FRANK ARTHUR REYNOLDS, Machinist, and STEPHEN
HART MANNING, Manufacturer, both of Lewiston, Androscoggin County, Maine,
and HERSCHEL CLIFFORD PARKER, College Professor, of 21 Fort Greene Place,
Brooklyn, King's County, New York, all in the United States of America.]
Improvements in Double-acting Drilling Braces.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in drills and bits, and particularly to the
mechanism for operating such tools. The object of the invention is to produce a
device of the greatest possible simplicity having an oscillating lever like the ordinary
ratchet drill, but having a simple means of transmitting a constant motion to the
drill by the oscillations of the lever, and further to construct the device so that the drill
can be worked either by oscillating the lever in a plane parallel with the drill or by
oscilliating or turning it in a plane at right angles to the drill.
To these ends the invention consists of a double-acting ratchet drill or bit, the con-
struction, arrangement and organization of which will be hereinafter fully described
and claimed.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this'
specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all'
the views.
Figure 1 is a broken longitudinal view of the improved apparatus ;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is an end view of one of the gears and the ratchet wheels which it
encloses.
The tool has a suitable drill-shaft 10, the outer end of which is screw-threaded, as
shown at 11, so that a drill 12 of any approved construction can be readily attached
to the drill-shaft. But it is obvious that other means can be employed for fastening
the drill to the shaft, and it will of course be understood that any usual bit can be
substituted for the drill. At the opposite end of the drill-shaft is a loose collar 13,
which connects with a handle 14, and this handle is not shown in detail because it
is like the ordinary bit brace, but the tool can be supported from a collar 13 in any.
convenient way without affecting the principle of the invention. The drill-shaft has
also at its end a socket 15 in which a tool may be inserted to turn the shaft in case it
cannot be turned to advantage in any other way.
On the drill-shaft is journaled a sleeve 16, which serves to support a pinion, here-
after referred to, and which at its ends is flared outward and recessed, as shown at 17,
so as to receive the teeth of the gears 18 and 19 which are journaled on the drill-
shaft at the ends of the sleeve 16 and which are recessed as shown at 18 and 19" to
receive the ratchet wheels 24 and 25, to be referred to presently. The gear wheel 18:
ديم

page_text: abuts against a fixed collar 20 on the drill shaft, and the gear wheel 19 abuts with a
collar 21, which is also rigid on the drill-shaft, being held by a pin 22 or equivalent
fastening device. These collars thus prevent the gear wheels and sleeve 16 from
slipping endwise. The pin 22 also passes through the sleeve 23 which forms a
prolongation of the hub of the ratchet wheel 24 which is held in the recess 19* of the
gear wheel 19.
The gear wheel 25 at the opposite end of the sleeve 16 is also rigid on the shaft, and
the ratchet wheels. 24 and 25 connect with the gear wheels 18 and 19 by means of
pawls 26, which are pivoted to the gear wheels and pressed by. suitable springs 27
into engagement with the ratchet wheels. Both of the pawls point in the same
direction, and the ratchet wheels have also the same pitch, the reason for which will
presently appear.
The sleeve 16 has a generally circular recess 28 on one side to receive the teeth of
the pinion 29, which is journaled on a bolt 30 or equivalent pivot, the pivot serving
to fasten the pinion to the sleeve 16. The teeth of the pinion lie in the recess 28 and
engage the teeth of the gear wheels 18 and 19. The pinion has a suitable handle or
lever 31 corresponding to the ratchet lever of an ordinary ratchet drill, and by turn-
ing this lever backward and forward the gear wheels 18 and 19 are turned, the gear
wheels turning in opposite directions, one turning forward when the other turns
backward and vice versa.
The operation of the tool is as follows: The drill or bit is guided in the usual way
and under ordinary circumstances the ratchet lever 31 is worked backward and
forward. When the lever is moved in one direction the pinion 29 turns forward the
gear wheel 19, as shown by the arrow in Figure 1, and the pawl 26 on the gear wheel
engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel 24, and so turns the ratchet wheel, drill-shaft
and drill. During this operation the gear wheel 18 will turn back and its pawl 26
will slide over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 25. When the lever 31 is reversed the
reverse action takes place, the gear wheel 19 being turned back carrying its pawl
over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 24 and the gear wheel 18 moving forward
and by the pawl turning the ratchet wheel 25, and drill-shaft and drill.
If the tool is being used in a place where the lever 31 cannot be worked backward
and forward on a plane parallel with the drill-shaft 10, then the lever can be
swung up and down at right angles to the aforesaid plane, in which case the sleeve 16
is oscillated on the drill-shaft, and during one stroke of the lever the pawls 26 engage
the ratchet wheels 24 and 25 and turn the drill-shaft, while during the back stroke
of the lever the pawls travel back over the teeth of the ratchet wheels ready for the
next forward stroke.
It will be seen, therefore, that this tool can be used in almost any work where the
drill can be brought to bear, and that the drill can be turned under ordinary circum-
stances with great speed, and under unfavorable circumstances can be turned
substantially like the ordinary ratchet drill.
This invention is not limited to the precise construction and arrangement of parts
which the drawings show, as it is obvious that the style of gears, the particular
connections, etc. can be changed considerably withont affecting the principle of the
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A device of the character described, comprising a drill-shaft, ratchet wheels
having teeth of similar pitch secured to the drill-shaft, gear wheels journaled
on the drill-shaft, said gear wheels being recessed to fit over the ratchet
wheels and provided with pawls to
journaled on the drill-shaft between
recessed ends to receive and shield the
pinion journaled on the sleeve and engaging the two gear wheels, substantially as
described.
engage the ratchet wheels, a sleeve
the gear wheels, said sleeve having
teeth of the gear wheels, and a lever

page_text: 2. A device of the character described, comprising a drill-shaft, a pair of ratchet
wheels of similar pitch secured thereto, gear wheels journaled on the drill-shaft and
provided with pawls to engage the ratchet wheels, a bearing sleeve journaled on the
drill-shaft and having its ends recessed to receive and shield the teeth of the gear
wheels, and a lever pinion journaled on the sleeve and engaging the gear wheels,
substantially as described.
3. A double-acting ratchet drill, having its several parts constructed and arranged
to operate substantially as shown in the accompanying drawings and described in the
oregoing specification.
y of June 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant. .