IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOM TEMPLES AND IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOM TEMPLES AND IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME." A com-
munication from abroad by John Baptiste Stamour and Frank Palmer
Pendleton, both of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1878.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOM TEMPLES AND IN THE METHOD OF CON-
STRUCTING THE SAME." A communication from abroad by John Baptiste Stamour
and Frank Palmer Pendleton, both of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of
America.
The first part of this Invention, relating to improvements in roller temples
consists of a device through the medium of which the temple is secured to the
breast beam of the looms so as to render it capable of being tilted or adjusted
vertically and horizontally in order to cause it to act upon and be removed from
the fabric as required.
According to one mode of carrying out this part of the Invention a bracket is
provided fitted with a moveable jaw and having a vertical flange through an
elongated slot in which the bolt for confining the flange to the breast beam passes
the slot, permitting a limited adjustment of the bracket along the breast beam.
The upper portion of the moveable jaw has in its opposite edges grooves adapted
to guiding ribs on the bracket, the lower portion of the jaw consisting of a booked
projection provided with a bevelled portion which bears against the under side of
the flanges of the breast beam, so that on tightening a screw which is adapted to a
horizontal threaded orifice in the upper portion of the movable jaw the bevelled
Price 621

page_text: portion of the hook of the latter will tend to force the bracket downward on to
the breast beam as well as to confine the bracket transversely to the same.
A guide is secured to or forms a part of the bracket to permit of a vertical adjust-
ment, and through this guide passes an adjustable box which is of such shape and
dimensions that-in-relation-to-the-guide-it.can be tilted vertically and adjusted to
any desired inclined position, set-screws or other suitable devices being provided-to-
secure the box in position after adjustment...
-In-one end of this box is an opening for receiving a rectangular portion of the
temple bar, and in the other end of the box is-an orifice for guiding the cylindrical
portion-of-the-said. bar.
The usual coiled spring is contained within the box and-tends to force the temple
bar outwards from the bracket and breast beam of the loom.
The opening in the-box is wider than the rectangular portion herein-before
referred to of the temple arm, which is guided laterally by a vertical pin passing.
through the box and through a slot in the said arm, the slot being straight through-
out the greater portion of its length but curved outwards laterally at one end in a
direction contrary to that from which the temple roller projects for a purpose
explained hereafter.
The usual trough for the temple roller projects at right angles or thereabouts
from the temple bar, to which is hinged the roller carrier, so that it can be turned
up at right angles or thereabouts to the bar, carrying with it the roller away from
the fabric, which is thus exposed.
It is preferred to construct the carrier in the following manner :-
To a block is secured by a nut or otherwise one leg of a bent rod, the other leg
of which forms the spindle for the temple roller, this spindle in order to insure its
stability penetrating a short distance into an open orifice in the block.
Whenever the roller has to be detached from the carrier all that is necessary is to
remove the nut herein-before referred to when the bent bar can be detached from
the block and the roller can then be withdrawn from the spindle.
The block is adapted to a recess made across the outer end of the temple bar and
in line or thereabouts with the central line of the trough.
This block which is pivotted to the temple bar may be locked to and unlocked
from the said temple bar by different devices, but it is preferred to employ for this
purpose an arm pivotted to the outermost of two transverse ribs by which the
recess is bounded, the arm being arranged to fit accurately in slots in the said two
ribs, and also in a slot in the block of the roller carrier when the latter is depressed.
When the arm is moved outwards the carrier is free to be thrown back, and when
the carrier is depressed so that its toothed roller occupies the usual position in the
trough an arm with which it is provided is moved into a position to lock the carrier
a spring tending to retain the arm at the limit of either of its two movements.
According to another method of constructing the roller carrier and so connecting
it to the temple bar that it can be tilted laterally away from the fabric.
A
A cap is provided covering the temple roller and forming part of the block.
detachable spindle for the roller screws-into-the block, which is pivotted to a pin.or
otherwise in a recess provided at the end of the temple bar, to which is also pivotted-
a spring latch having a projection which overlaps the roller carrier and locks the
same to the temple bar, the spring latch also serving to retain the carrier in its
tilted position.
It is most important in roller temples that the bar which carries the temple roller
should admit of being readily adjusted longitudinally, and that the end of the bar
should be adjustable vertically.
Both these adjustments are obtained through the medium of the box herein-
before described, which can be moved longitudinally in the guide or socket and is
free to be tilted in the said guide so that the roller end of the temple bar can be
adjusted nearer to or further from the breast beam and the roller end of the arm
raised or lowered as circumstances may require.
In the operation of weaving it frequently becomes necessary to free the fabric

page_text: from the control of the temple rollers, and this has been a tedious operation where
ordinary roller temples are employed.
The bringing of the roller carrier to the temple arm in the manner described
permits the roller being turned from the fabric to a position where it cannot interfere
with the free manipulation of the fabric.
It may be here remarked that in securing the bracket to the breast beam it is
not essential to bolt the flange to the beam in all cases.
Wherever the character of the breast beam is such as to admit the use of a jaw
it will suffice as a fastening medium without a bolt through the flange.
According to a further modification the cap forms a permanent part of the temple
arm, and the temple roller is on a spindle secured to the arın beneath the cap; the
trough is pivotted to the under side of the temple arm, and is confined in an elevated
position by a strap or equivalent retaining device which can be depressed, thereby
permitting the trough to descend. If desired this pivotted trough may form a part
of the striking arm.
The second part of this Invention consists of a temple roller made entirely of
metal (or other material capable of being cast) with steel teeth, and of a mode of
manufacturing such rollers.
In carrying out this part of the Invention the improved rollers are cast in a
mould consisting of a series of, say, twelve bars, having edges so bevelled that when
they are fitted together they will form a hollow cylinder.
Before the bars are thus fitted together however the sharp ends of a number of
pointed pins are fitted into an equal number of orifices forined in the narrow edge
of each section, and when the sections are fitted together they present a hollow
cylinder with the blunt ends of the pins projecting radially into the interior of the
said cylinder.
The cylinder with its sections suitably confined is placed on a bed plate, the lower
end of a metal core is adjusted into an orifice on the base plate or in a projection
thereon, and a cap is adjusted to the top of the cylinder, the upper tapering end of
the core pin entering a central opening in the cap, the proper position of which to
insure the concentricity of the core pin with the interior of the cylinder is determined
by steadying pins or otherwise.
Metal or an alloy which will melt at a comparatively low temperature, zinc for
instance, or an alloy of zinc and lead, or other material which will melt at a low
temperature and become hard when cool, is poured through an opening in the mould,
and when the metal has become "set" the cap is removed, the cylinder taken apart,
and the metal cylinder with teeth firmly embedded in it is removed and is ready
for use as a temple roller after the core pin has been driven from it.

page_text: April 1879.
-
JOHN HENRY-JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman: IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOM TEMPLES AND IN THE METHOD OF CON-
STRUCTING THE SAME." A communication from abroad by John Baptiste Stamour
and Frank Palmer Pendleton, both of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
The first part of the said Invention, relating to improvements in roller temples,
is illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12.
Figure 1 is a side-view, partly in section, of the loom temple.
Figure 2, a plan, also partly in section.
Figure 3, a sectional end view, taken along the line 1-2, Figure 2, showing the
roller carrier and roller turned up from the trough.
Figures 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7a, 8, and 9, views shewing in perspective the different parts
of which the loom temple is composed.
Figures 10 and 11 views (the latter in perspective) illustrating a modification of
part of the improvements, and
Figure 12 another modification.
The device through the medium of which the temple is secured to the breast beam*
of the loom consists of the bracket A and its moveable jaw 'B, best observed in
Figures 4 and 5, the bracket having a vertical flange through an elongated slot in
which the bolt for confining the flange to the breast beam passes.
The upper portion of the moveable jaw B has in its opposite edges grooves
adapted to guiding ribs c on the bracket, the lower portion of the jaw consisting of
a hooked projection e, the bevelled portion e¹ of which bears against the under side
of the flange of the breast beam, so that on tightening a screw D (Figure 5a) which
is adapted to a horizontal threaded orifice in the upper portion of the moveable
jaw, the bevelled portion of the hook of the latter will tend to force the bracket
downwards on to the breast beam as well as to confine the bracket transversely to
the same. The elongated slot in the flange a admits of a limited adjustment of the
bracket along the breast beam.
A guide E in the present instance of quadrangular form is secured to or forms a
part of the bracket A; in the present example it is so secured to the latter as to
admit of vertical adjustment, and through this guide passes an adjustable box F
(Figure 6) which is of such shape and dimensions that in relation to the guide it
can be tilted vertically and adjusted to any desired inclined position, set screws h, h,
or other suitable devices being provided to secure the box in position after
adjustment.
In one end of this box is an opening m for the reception of the portion i of the
temple bar G (Figure 7), and in the other end of the box is an orifice for guiding
the cylindrical portion--of-the-said. bar._
The usual coiled spring indicated by dotted lines in Figure 7-is-contained within
the box and tends to force the temple bar outwards from the bracket and breast
beam of the loom.
The opening m in the box is wider than the portion of the temple arm which
is guided laterally by a vertical pin n (Figure 7a) passing through the box and
through a slot p in the said arm, this slot being straight throughout the greater
portion of its length, but curved outwards laterally at the end q in a direction
contrary to that from which the temple roller projects, for a purpose herein-after
explained.
The usual plate H for receiving the blow of the lathe of the loom is secured to the
temple arm in a manner which will be readily understood by reference to Figures 1,
7 and 0

page_text: The usual trough I for the temple roller projects at right angles, or thereabouts,
from the temple bar to which is hinged the roller carrier J (Figure 8), which admits
of different modes of construction without departing from one main feature,
videlicet, the hinging of the carrier to the temple bar so that it can be turned up at
right angles, or thereabouts, to the bar, carrying with it the roller away from the
fabric, which is thus exposed.
It is preferred to construct the carrier in the manner shewn in Figures 3 and 8.
To a block K is secured, by a nut K¹ or otherwise, one leg w of a bent rod W.,.
the other leg w' of which forms the spindle for the temple roller N, this spindle in,
order to insure its stability penetrating a short distance into an orifice in the.
block.
Whenever the roller has to be detached from the carrier it is simply necessary to
remove the nut K¹, when the bent bar can be detached from the block and the
roller can then be withdrawn from the spindle which forms a part of the said bar.
The block is adapted to a recess t made across the outer end of the temple bar,
and in line, or thereabouts, with the central line of the trough.
The block which is pivoted at x may be locked to, and unlocked from, the said
temple bar by different devices, but it is preferred to employ for this purpose an
arm v pivoted to the outermost of the two transverse ribs t', ', by which the recess
is bounded, the arm being arranged to fit accurately in slots in the said two ribs,.
and also in a slot y in the block K (Figure 8) of the roller carrier when the latter is,
depressed.
When the arm has been moved outwards, as shewn in Figure 7, the carrier is free
to be thrown back to the position shewn in Figure 3, and when the carrier is
depressed so that its toothed roller occupies the usual position in the trough the
arm v is moved to the position, Figure 2, and thus locks the carrier, a spring y¹
tending to retain the arm v at the limit of either of its two movements.
Another method of constructing the roller carrier, and so connecting it to the
temple bar that it can be tilted laterally away from the fabric is shewn in Figures 10
and 11.
A cap covering the temple roller forms part of the block K in this case, and a
detachable spindle for the roller screws into this block, which is pivoted to a pin x*
or otherwise in the recess t at the end of the temple bar, to which is also pivoted a
spring latch g having a projection which overlaps the roller carrier and locks the
same to the temple bar, the spring latch also serving to retain the carrier in its tilted
position. The plan shewn in Figures 3, 7, and 8 is however preferred, and
especially the roller carrier composed of the bent bar, one leg of which forms the
roller spindle.
It is most important in roller temples that the bar which carries the temple roller
should admit of being readily adjusted longitudinally, and that the end of the bar
should be adjustable vertically.
Both these adjustments are obtained through the medium of the box F which can
be moved longitudinally in the guide or socket E and is free to be tilted in the said
guide, as will be seen by reference to Figure 1; so that the roller end of the temple
bar can be adjusted nearer to or further from the breast beam, and the roller end of
the arm raised or lowered as circumstances may require.
It is not essential to the Invention that the precise form of adjustable box F
should be retained; a frame of any desired shape inay be substituted for the box
providing it forms an appropriate guide for the temple bar, carries the spring, and
admits of being tilted as well as adjusted longitudinally.
.
In the operation of weaving it frequently becomes necessary to free the fabric
from the control of the temple rollers, and this has been a tedious operation where
ordinary roller temples are employed.
The hinging of the roller carrier to the temple arm in the manner described
admits of the roller being turned from the fabric to a position where it cannot
interfere with the free manipulation of the fabric.

page_text: It may be here remarked that in securing the bracket to the breast beam it is not
essential to bolt the flange a to the beam in all cases.
Wherever the character of the breast beam is such as to admit the use of a jaw
-it-will suffice as a fastening medium without a bolt throughout the flange.
.
In the modification illustrated-in-Figure-12.the_cap z forms a permanent part of
the temple arm G, and the temple roller is on a spindle secured to the arm-beneath-
the cap, the trough is pivoted at a to the under side of the temple arm G, and is
confined in an elevated position by a strap y or equivalent retaining device which
can be depressed, thereby allowing the trough to fall to the position shewn in tho
Drawing. If desired this pivoted trough may forin a part of the striking arm H.
While this pivoted trough admits of the fabric being depressed and freed from
the control of the temple roller, it is preferred to hinge the roller carrier to the
temple bar in the manner-herein-before-described so that it may be moved entirely
away from the fabric.
The second part of the said Invention consists of a temple roller made entirely of
metal (or other material capable of being cast) with steel teeth, and of a node of
manufacturing such rollers.
Figures 13 and 14 illustrate the mould in which the improved rollers are cast.
This mould consists of a series of bars (twelve in the present instance), the bars
having edges so bevelled that when they are fitted together they will form a hollow
cylinder.
Before the bars are thus fitted together however the sharp ends of a number of
pointed pins 8 are fitted into an equal number of orifices formed in the narrow edge
of each section, and when the sections are fitted together they present a hollow
cylinder with the blunt ends of the pins projecting radially into the interior of the
said cylinder.
The cylinder with its sections suitably confined is placed on a bed plate M, the
lower end of a metal core R is adjusted into an orifice on the base plate or in a
projection thereon, and a cap T is adjusted to the top of the cylinder, the upper
tapering end of the core pin R entering a central opening in the cap, the proper
position of which to insure the concentricity of the core pin with the interior of the
cylinder is determined by steadying pins or otherwise.
Metal or an alloy which will melt at a comparitively low temperature (zinc for
example) or an alloy of zinc and lead or other material which will melt at a low
temperature and become hard when cool, is poured through an opening in the mould,
and when the metal has become " set the cap is removed, the cylinder taken
apart, and the metal cylinder with teeth firmly embedded in it is removed and is
ready for use as a temple roller after the core pin has been driven from it.
Different devices may be employed for temporarily maintaining the cylindrical
arrangement of the sections which are in the present instance held between the
concave end of a recess in a frame W₁ and the concave portion of a follower W
adapted to the said recess and acted on by screws, as clearly shewn in the
-Drawing...
Having now described and particularly-ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I-
would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
First. A loom temple in which the temple bar carrying the toothed roller and a
bracket for attachment to the breast beam of the loom are combined with a box or
frame which admits of horizontal and tilting or vertical adjustment in or on the
bracket, all substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
Second. A temple-supporting bracket adapted to the breast beam of a loom and
provided with a movable jaw B for securing the bracket to the said breast beam, all
substantially as herein-before described.
Third. A roller temple in which the roller carrier is so hinged to the temple bar

page_text: that it can be turned up laterally from the same, as herein-before described in
combination with a device for locking the carrier to and releasing it from the said
bar.
Fourth. A roller carrier consisting of a bent rod, one leg of which can be secured
to the temple bar or to a block hinged to the said bar, the other leg serving as a
spindle for the roller, all substantially as herein-before described.
Fifth. The combination of the slotted end of the temple bar, the roller carrier
hinged to the same, and the locking and unlocking arm v adapted to slots in the
said temple arm and carrier, all substantially as herein-before described.
Sixth. The combination of the temple bar and its trough I with the roller carrier,
having a cap z and a spindle carrying the temple roller, and with a device for locking
the said carrier, substantially as herein-before described, and illustrated in Figures 10
and 11.
Seventh. The combination of the temple arm, its permanent cap z, and toothed
roller with a trough I pivoted to the said arm, and a device for locking the same,
all substantially as herein-before described, and illustrated in Figure 12.
Eighth. A temple roller having a body of cast metal or other material, and steel
pins, the butts of which are embedded in the said cast metal or other material, as
herein-before described.
Ninth. The mode herein set forth of making a temple roller with steel teeth, that
is to say, by casting metal or other material in a mould made in the form of a hollow
cylinder into which the teeth project, all as herein-before described.
Tenth. A mould for casting temple rollers, the said mould consisting of sections
each of which has orifices for receiving the points of the teeth, as herein-before
described.
Eleventh. The combination of the mould composed of sections with a clamp to
hold the sections together, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my Specifica-
tion set my hand and seal, this Third day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-nine.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)