Year: 1886

page_text: I JOHN JAMES SHIELDS HESLOP, of No. 2, Bridge Street, Sunderland, in the
county of Durham, Grocer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in gas coffee roasting machines.
In carrying out my invention I employ two or more cylinders revolving in open
bearings and capable of being removed while in motion for examination of their
contents; the said cylinders are actuated by a weight and train of wheels, the
weight being suspended by a cord wound on a barrel and communicating motion to
the wheels; a centrifugal governor is provided to ensure a uniform motion under
the variation of the load. Provision is made for maintaining the forward motion
of the machine during the process of rewinding the mechanism. The cylinders
revolve over gas burners constructed so that the heat is communicated evenly to
nearly one half of the entire circumference of the cylinders.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: I, JOHN JAMES SHIELDS HESLOP of No. 2 Bridge Street, Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, Grocer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :--
My invention relates to improvements in gas coffee roasting machines.
In carrying out my invention, I employ two or more cylinders revolving in open
bearings and capable of being removed, while in motion, for examination of their
contents; the said cylinders are actuated by a weight and train of wheels, the
weight being suspended by a cord wound on a barrel and communicating motion
to the wheels; a centrifugal governor is provided to ensure a uniform motion
under the variation of the load. Provision is made for maintaining the forward
motion of the machine during the process of rewinding the mechanism. The
cylinders revolve over gas burners constructed so that the heat is communicated
evenly to nearly one half of the entire circumference of the cylinders.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawings in which figure 1 is a side
elevation of a coffee roasting machine constructed according to my invention;
figure 2 is a view of the same half in end elevation and half in transverse section
on the line A. B. of figure 1; figure 3 is a transverse section taken on the line C. D..
of figure 1, and figure 4 is a central longitudinal section of the same.
a, and b, are the cylinders which I have represented. in the drawings as being.
two in number, but which number may obviously be varied; the said cylinders are
fitted with a sliding cover figure 4, and each is mounted upon a shaft c; the
cover is moved along its guides m², m¹ by means of a knob n¹; d, d, (figure 3)
represent the open bearings of one end of the shafts c, the said bearings being
formed in the framing e, at one end of the machine; similar bearings are also
formed in the framing e, at the other end of the machine so as to admit of the
cylinders a, and b, being readily lifted out from the machine while the latter is in
operation when required to examine the contents of the cylinders, a handle f, of
wood or other suitable non-conducting material being secured upon one end of each
of the shafts c, by which handle the cylinders can be lifted; o¹, o¹, o¹, figure 2, are
three ribs or flanges placed longitudinally in the interior of the cylinders for causing
the coffee to turn over as the cylinders revolve; p¹, is a removable tray for
receiving any skins which may fall from the cylinders.
At or near the opposite ends of the shafts cc toothed wheels g, g, are secured;
the wheels g, g, as shewn clearly in dotted lines in figure 3, are geared with
another toothed wheel h, keyed or otherwise secured upon a shaft i, which is
supported at or near its two ends in the framing e, at one end of the machine, and
in the end plate j, respectively, as shewn clearly in figure 4. Upon the shaft i, a
pinion k, and a bevil toothed wheel Z, are rigidly secured by keys or their equi-
valents. The pinion k, gears with a toothed wheel m, which is mounted and free
to rotate upon the shaft n, this said shaft being supported in bearings formed in
the framing e, and end plate j, figure 4. The wheel m, has formed therewith a

page_text: mitre gear wheel o, (figure 4) which gears with a mitre wheel p, which is free to
rotate upon a short shaft q, secured by countersunk screws r, r, diametrically across
the interior of the barrel 8, provision being made at its central part to admit of
the shaft n, passing loosely through the said cross shaft q. Besides gearing at one
side with the mitre wheel o, the mitre wheel p, gears with a wheel t, at its diamet-
rically opposite side. The wheel t, is secured upon the shaft n, by a screw u, (or
by any other equivalent means) and the shaft n, at one end, is formed square as
shewn in figures 2 and 4, so as to allow the winch handle v, (figure 1) to be placed
thereon for the purpose hereinafter explained. 8, is the barrel which is open at
one end as shewn in figure 4, and w, is the cord wound around the barrel; one end
of the cord w, as shown in figure 4, being made fast thereto; c, is the weight
suspended from the other end of the cord w..
The barrel 8, at its open end, is provided with a flange, the outer edge of which'
is formed with ratchet teeth y, as clearly shewn in figure 3, the ratchet teeth y,
engaging with a spring pawl z, pivotted at a¹, to one of the spokes of the gear
wheel m.
The bevil wheel l, gears with a bevil wheel 61, which is secured upon a vertical
shaft c¹, upon which is also secured a plate d¹-To the plate d³, are pivotted the
roda e', e¹, of the governor balls f¹, f¹, and the upper ends of the rods e¹, e¹, are so
arranged relatively to the edge of a disc g¹, that when the machine has attained its
maximum velocity, and the balls f¹³, fl, have consequently been forced outwards to
their fullest extent, the inner edges of the rods e¹, e¹, are pressed against the edge
of the said disc g¹, and the friction thereby produced will prevent the machine
from working at a greater speed. The disc g¹, is rigidly secured to the lower end
of the shaft q¹, which is supported so that it can slide vertically in the bracket A,
and the said shaft q¹, is bored out so as to receive the upper and reduced end of
the shaft c', as shewn in dotted lines in figure 4. The tubular part or boss of the
bracket A is formed with a helical or inclined slot r, in which a screw s¹, fixed in
the shaft ql, slides in the direction of the length of such slot; t¹, is a screw forming'
a kind of crank pin which secures one end of the rod a', to the disc g', it's opposite
end being guided in the framing e, and provided with a handle v.-By drawing
the handle v¹, in the direction indicated by the arrow, Figure 4, the disc g¹, will be
partially rotated, and by means of the slot rl, and screw 81, will be caused to
descend on to the plate d¹, and by its friction upon the plate d¹, the machine will
be stopped. As soon as the handle v¹, is moved in the reverse direction to that**
indicated by the arrow at figure 4, the disc g¹, will be raised out of frictional".
contact with the plate d³, and the machine will be free to operate under the action
of the weight
h¹, h², represent the gas burners over which respectively the cylinders a, and b,'
are arranged to revolve. Each of these burners consists of a metal tube closed at
one end and perforated with holes 2¹, which are 80 arranged as to cause the gas
flame to be distributed evenly over about one half of the circumference of the
cylinders a, and b. The burners h³, h³, are provided with air inlets j', j', to enable
a sufficient quantity of atmospheric air to enter and mingle with the gas before the
latter is burnt at the holes i¹. The gas is supplied to the burners h¹, h³, by means
of a pipe kl, from any convenient source. Cocks a, are provided for regulating
the height of the flame.
The operation of the machine is as follows;
The gas is lighted and the coffee to be roasted is placed in the cylinders a, and b,
and the cord w, having been wound upon the barrel 8, and the disc g', being raised
as shewn, the weight, will cause the same to revolve, and by means of its ratchet
teeth y, engaging with the pawl 2, on the wheel m, the barrel will carry the
wheel m, with it; the motion of the wheel m, will by means of the pinion k, and
spur wheel h, be communicated to the toothed wheels g, g, and in this manner the
cylinders a, and b, will be rotated, the govenor by means of the bevil gearing 1,
and 61, regulating the speed of such rotation as hereinbefore described. When it
s required to remove either of the cylinders a, or b, for the purpose of examining

page_text: the contents or for other purposes it can easily be lifted by means of its handle f,
out of its bearings d, and can be as readily replaced. Each of the cylinders should
in this manner be frequently removed during the roasting operation and the coffee
sharply shaken from end to end of the cylinders in order to give the coffee a
perfectly even color. When the weight has run down and it is required to rewind
the cord w, upon the barrel s, (which can be effected without interfering with the
forward motion of the machine) the winch handle v, is applied to the squared end
of the shaft n, and the said handle v, is rotated in the direction indicated by the
arrow in figure 3. By thus rotating the handle v, and shaft n, the mitre wheel t,
is also caused to rotate. This last mentioned wheel being geared with the mitre
wheel p, and this again being geared with the mitre wheel o, rotary motion is
imparted to all of the said mitre wheels. By this means the wheel m, through the
mitre wheel o, is caused to rotate in a direction the same as that by which it is
caused to rotate by the action of the weight, the pawl z, riding over the ratchet
teeth y, on the barrel s; the cord w, will be wound upon the barrel at a speed only
equal to the difference in the velocities at which the machine is arranged to work
and that at which the shaft n, can be rotated.
It will be obvious that by extending the end of the shaft i, beyond the end j, of
the frame and placing a driving pulley thereon the machine can be driven from a
steam engine or a gas engine, it only being necessary then to disengage the barrel 8,
from the loose wheel m.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. Providing the revolving cylinders of coffee-roasting machines with open
bearings in such a manner that one or more of the cylinders can be removed while
the machine is in motion substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
"
2. In a coffee roasting machine the use of a weight and train of wheels such as
is herein described for actuating the cylinders of the machine, the said weight
being suspended by a cord wound around the said barrel substantially as herein-
before described.
3. In a coffee-roasting machine the use of a centrifugal governor of the con-
struction herein described for ensuring a uniform motion of the cylinders under
the variation of the load substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in
figures 1 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In a coffee-roasting machine the use of mechanism such as that herein
described whereby a forward motion of the machine is maintained during the
process of rewinding substantially as hereinbefore described..
°
5. In a coffee-roasting machine the improved arrangement of gas burners
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and represented in the
accompanying drawings.
6. The improved coffee-roasting machine herein before described and represented
in the accompanying drawings.