Year: 1885

page_text: I, THOMAS BREARLEY of Bolsterstone in the County of York Mechanic do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in umbrellas parasols and
sunshades.
I make a one fork stretcher by firmly fixing a strong middle bit within the end
of the trough like stretcher wire and I employ with this stretcher a git which does
not overlap so as to enter within the interior of the paragon rib as the thickness of
the middle bit is such as to require the whole width of the rib to receive it.
The best way in which to fix the middle piece is to form its end immediately
behind the eye with a notch into which the end of the trough wire is received.
The middle piece also has a stud upon it which enters an oblong hole in the bottom
of the trough wire when the edge at the extremity of the trough has been pushed
home into the notch in the middle piece. A small L shaped rivet is then inserted
into the oblong hole behind the stud on the middle piece: it is rivetted on the
outer side of the trough stretcher and its head overlapping the end of the middle
piece keeps it in place; the stud also is rivetted. The git which I provide on the
paragon rib is a U form piece of metal embracing it externally and with thickened
ends to receive the joint pin: these thickened ends rest on the edges of the rib
which are indented to receive them so that the git when fixed by the insertion of
the joint pin may not slide longitudinally upon the rib, I also set in the sides of
the rib slightly at the part where the git is received. I make the end of the
stretcher which is received into the runner notch in the same way as that which is
jointed to the rib.
In making three fork stretchers I make them as heretofore by applying a fork
piece of thin metal to the end of the trough wire stretcher, in place of cutting the
piece to form the fork from a metal sheet as heretofore I cut it from a ribbon and
pierce the holes at one operation.

page_text: I THOMAS BREARLEY of Bolsterstone in the County of York Mechanic do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement-
This Invention has for its object improvements in umbrellas parasols and
sunshades.
I make a one fork stretcher by firmly fixing a strong middle bit or prong within
the end of the trough like stretcher wire and I employ with this stretcher a git
which does not overlap so as to enter within the interior of the paragon rib as the
thickness of the middle bit or prong is such as to require the whole width of the
rib to receive it.
The best way in which to fix the middle piece is to form its end immediately
behind the eye with a notch into which the end of the trough wire is received.
The middle piece also has a stud upon it which enters an oblong hole in the bottom
of the trough wire when the edge at the extremity of the trough has been pushed
home into the notch in the middle piece. A small L shaped rivet is then inserted
into the oblong hole behind the stud on the middle piece, it is rivetted on the
outer side of the trough stretcher and its head overlapping the end of the middle
piece keeps it in place, the stud also is rivetted. The git which I provide on the
paragon rib is a U form piece of metal embracing it externally and with thickened
ends to receive the joint pin, these thickened ends rest on the edges of the rib
which are indented to receive them so that the git when fixed by the insertion of
the joint pin may not slide longitudinally upon the rib, I also set in the sides of
the rib slightly at the part where the git is received I make the end of the
stretcher which is received into the runner in the same way as that which is
jointed to the rib.
In making three fork stretchers I make them as heretofore by applying a fork
piece of thin metal to the end of the trough wire stretcher; in place of cutting the
piece to form the fork from a metal sheet as heretofore, I cut it from a ribbon and
pierce the holes at one operation.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1 represent a portion of a one fork trough like stretcher constructed in
accordance with my Invention.
Figures 2 show separately the middle piece or prong.
Figures 3 show the extremity of the trough like stretcher wire prepared to
receive the middle piece.
Figures 4 show the shaped locking piece by which the parts are secured.
These and all the figures of the drawings are drawn about twice the actual size.
AA is the stretcher wire A¹ is a notch at its end to engage with a corresponding
notch in the middle piece. A³ is an elongated hole in the bottom of the trough
like wire to receive a stud or projection on the middle piece. B is the middle

page_text: piece it is made of metal which is as stout as the interior dimensions of a paragon
rib will admit and when the stretcher is connected with the rib the extremity of
this middle piece occupies the whole width of the rib. B¹ is the eye in the middle
piece to receive the joint pin or wire. B' is a notch to receive the extremity of
the stretcher and at the shoulder B2* the metal is somewhat spread laterally so
that it may overlap the sides of the notch A¹ in the piece A, this spreading is
effected by striking a light blow upon the metal. B³ is the stud which is received
into the hole A' in the piece A. C is the locking piece which is also inserted
through the hole A* its end then overlaps the extremity of the stud B³. The
locking piece C and also the stud B³ are rivetted over on the exterior of the trough
like piece A and are so securely fixed as is clearly shewn in the sectional view in
Figures 7.
At each of the ends of the stretcher the fork is made in a similar manner in the
one case however it enters between the jaws of the git upon the rib and is fastened
by a rivet and in the other case it enters into the notch of the runner and is
secured by the runner wire.
Figures 5 show the git which I prefer to employ but which however I do not
claim as my Invention.
It is a curved piece of steel thicker at its extremities than in the middle. When
in its place the git embraces the paragon rib, the shoulders of the thickened ends
resting upon the sides or edges of the rib, I fix this git in a novel manner, I indent
the rib either on the sides or edges but preferably on both in the manner clearly
shewn by Figures 6. It will be seen that in the place where the git is to come
the edges of the rib are forced inwards so as slightly to decrease the depth of the
rib and the sides also are brought somewhat closer together so that the shoulders
are formed both on the edges and sides. When the joint pin is inserted the git is
effectually secured in its position and it cannot slide along the rib; the small
shoulders on the edges and sides of the rib prevent it doing so.
Figures 7 shew in elevation and section the complete joint connecting the rib
and stretcher.
The heads or ends of the joint pin or rivet although they project slightly from
the sides of the git cannot meet and catch together when the umbrella is closed,
a great defect in many joints as at present made. This locking is rendered
impossible by the length of the joint pin being less than the width of the trough
like stretcher.
In consequence of the end of the stretcher wire being cut so as to stop short of
the git plenty of room is left for the heads of the rivets or joint pins.
When I use three forked stretchers I make them as heretofore by applying fork
pieces of thin metal to form the two outer prongs. Figures 8 show such a fork
piece in place of cutting it from a metal sheet as heretofore I cut it from a drawn
ribbon of steel and by the same tools by which I cut it from the ribbon I pierce
the eyes to receive the joint pin or rivet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination consisting of a trough like stretcher having one strong
middle piece or prong projecting beyond the end of the stretcher wire a paragon
or trough rib and a git upon the rib which leaves the entire width of the interior
of the rib clear to receive the middle piece or prong of the stretcher all substan-
tially as described.
2. Constructing a single fork stretcher by firmly fixing a separate piece into
the trough like stretcher wire with that portion which enters the git or notch
projecting beyond the end of the stretcher wire substantially as described.
3. The trough like stretcher with the middle piece or prong projecting beyond
the trough and notched to receive its end and with a stud upon the prong entering
a hole in the bottom of the trough and there fixed substantially as described.

page_text: 4. The method of securing the git upon the paragon rib by indenting the edges
of the rib or the sides or both, springing the git over the indented parts and further
securing it by the joint pin or rivet substantially as described.
5. The improvement in the method of making three fork stretchers consisting
in cutting the piece to be applied to the end of the trough stretcher wire from a
drawn ribbon of steel and piercing the holes or eyes in the tip pieces at the same
operation substantially as described.