Improvements in the Method of Placing Air under Liquid Pressure, and Apparatus connected therewith, and Apparatus for Raising Liquid Sewage or Suitable Substance thereby.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 16th Mar., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICAȚION.
Improvements in the Method of Placing Air under Liquid Pressure,
and Apparatus connected therewith, and Apparatus for Raising
Liquid Sewage or Suitable Substance thereby.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS Hydraulic Engineer Peaseholm Green York and
5 and 7 Old Queen Street Westminster London S.W. do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved method of placing air under liquid pressure
and the apparatus I use therein and apparatus for raising liquid sewage or suitable
substance thereby. The air under pressure which I thus procure may be used for
any purpose where air under pressure is required but I deal with it now as especially
applied to the purpose of raising liquid sewage or such like suitable substance from
a low to a higher level. Broadly. my invention consists in the use of a closed
receptacle which I fill with liquid from a pressure main or suitable source-the
pressure on this main or other source will thus be exerted on the receptacle to
which it is connected the receptacle will become full of liquid and the air from
within will be displaced and it is this displaced air that. I utilise and I arrange
suitable valves automatic or non-automatic regulating the supply of liquid to my
closed receptacle and also where I wish the same description of valve or valves may
be used for controlling the outgo of liquid from my receptacle, or I may use a
syphon if I prefer to do so. It will be evident that when the receptacle has
become filled with liquid and having thus displaced the former air contents thereof,
this liquid must be allowed to escape in order that air may again take its place, to
be in its turn displaced by the incoming liquid. I arrange by preference that the
valve admitting the liquid supply is closed whilst that allowing the outflow of the
contents of the receptacle is open and vice versa, and having thus my air under
pressure I can use it for any desired purpose. To raise sewage or such-like suitable
liquid from a low to a higher level, I allow the liquid to be raised to enter
another closed receptacle-this receptacle is attached by a pipe or suitable
connection to any receptacle from which the air is displaced and in operation when
the pressure of the main supply is upon the air receptacle the air therefrom will be
driven out to that containing the liquid to be raised and the liquid will be thus
raised or forced up to any desired height less than that corresponding to the "head
or column of liquid giving the pressure upon the main or source of supply.
Reference to my drawings will explain my invention more fully & will shew my
method of placing air under pressure and also one application of this air which
I now describe. It will be quite evident however that having put my air under
pressure I can use it in any way and for any purpose I please. If I prefer
it and where the height to which the sewage or other liquid has to be forced is not
too great say, not in excess of 20 ft. I may use a syphon to draw off the liquid
contents of my receptacle in which the air under pressure is generated and I prefer
to form my receptacle into which the sewage or liquid to be forced up enters, with
conical ends and to arrange that my outgo pipe draws its supply from the centre
of this receptacle. My drawings shew this more clearly, and on reference thereto
Fig. 1. Sheet 1. is at A the main or other source from which liquid enters my air
chamber B. I employ in this instance an automatic valve C which has already
formed the subject of a previous Patent 'S. H. Adams No. 25178, 1894,` and

page_text: I therefore need not dwell largely upon it, broadly however, this valve is closed
against the pressure of liquid beneath it, but is depressed and opened by the leverage
of the bucket D as it fills and descends. When the valve is open communication
between the main supply and the closed receptacle B is established, and the latter
fills thus from and under the pressure of the main. In filling the air contents of B
are displaced and given up by the pipe E or other suitable outlet for any purpose
I wish or in this case by the pipe F to my closed receptacle G in which I have
allowed sewage or such like liquid requiring to be lifted to enter. This liquid has
entered by way of the non return valve H. it cannot therefore return in the same
direction, but will when the pressure of the main A is upon the air of B. be forced up the
pipe J placed for the purpose & thus to K its outlet. I may provide a storage chamber
as at Lif I wish for the liquid to be raised which in this case enters at M, or I may
dispense with this storage chamber and lead the liquid directly from M into G through
valve H. I prefer to form my receptacle G with conical ends G' G¹ and of larger
diameter in the centre and to connect my outgo pipe J. to this centre in order that
the contents of the receptacle shall the more readily fall to and enter the mouth of
my pipe J. I prefer also to use a valve similar to that described as C. at O. and
I arrange ordinarily that the valve O shall be open when valve C is closed and
vice versa.
I may use any valve however which will answer my purpose and under
certain circumstances the syphon I shew by dotted lines P. I may under certain
circumstances arrange to operate my valves C or O or both by the rising liquid
in G or L in order to bring about the forcing up of the contents of G. when the
latter is sufficiently charged.
I may if I wish it store up my air under pressure and draw from this storage the
air as required. I shew such a plan at Fig. 2. Sheet 2. and here my supply A.
valve C. air chamber B. and outlet valve O are similar to those shewn at Sheet 1
my forcing receptacle G. non-return valve H. and outgo pipe J are the same, but
at R. I arrange a storage receptacle which shall take the air from B. and hold it
by means of suitable valves or other contrivances until such time as it may be given
off, automatically or non automatically for any desired purpose. I may take the
supply from E or E' or any suitable position on either or both of my receptacles B.
or R. At S. S. I place suitable valves which will admit the passage of air in one
direction but which will not allow it to return and at T on pipe X I place a valve
which governs the admission of air to the forcing chamber G and this valve
I operate in this case by the ball or float V which rising as the liquid rises in L
or G opens the valve T and allows the passage of air under pressure to G. this air
forcing up the contents of G. up the pipe J. J. to the outlet K.
And now having fully described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
1st. The use of a closed receptacle filled with liquid from a pressure main or
other suitable source, the air within this closed receptacle being put under a
pressure due to the liquid in the main above mentioned in combination with this
main for the purpose of creating a supply of air under pressure.
2nd. The use of a vessel as B in which vessel by the pressure of liquid fed from
a main or other source the air therein contained is put under a pressure due to the
liquid "head" of the main.
3rd. The use of a vessel as B. as described above for the same purpose in com-
bination with a vessel or receptacle (as G) fed with sewage to be raised and having
an exit pipe for the sewage and the connecting in pipe from B to G, see Sheet 1.
4th. The use of a valve at C a receptacle as B. for air under pressure and a
vessel as G. for sewage and air pipe Fall in combination one with another see
Sheet 1.
5th. The method whereby I place a body of air in receptacle R. under pressure
by the use of the liquid in the main A and the use of a valve as C and vessel B as
'before described and shewn, see Sheet 2.

page_text: 6th. The combination of a vessel as B wherein I admit liquid to expel the air
contained therein with the storage vessel R receiving and storing such air.
7th. The combination of vessels B. R. & G. with the pipes and separate parts an
shewn and described.
8th. The conical form of my receptacle G and arrangement of outgo pipe from
the centre of this receptacle.
9th. The arrangement of my vessels and parts as shewn and described or their
equivalents though differing in conformity from substantially the same and for the
same purpose.
Dated this 23rd dor of January 1895.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS.