IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AERATED LIQUIDS AND FOR COMBINING OTHER MATTERS THEREWITH; ALSO IN CORKING BOTTLES OR VESSELS CONTAINING SUCH LIQUIDS, AND IN STOPPERS FOR RETAINING SUCH LIQUIDS IN BOTTLES OR VESSELS AND FOR FACILITATING THE DELIVERY THEREFROM
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Rowe Sweetser, of No. 9, Essex Road,
Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AERATED
LIQUIDS AND FOR COMBINING OTHER MATTERS THEREWITH; ALSO IN CORKING
BOTTLES OR VESSELS CONTAINING SUCH LIQUIDS, AND IN STOPPERS FOR
RETAINING SUCH LIQUIDS IN BOTTLES OR VESSELS AND FOR FACILITATING THE
DELIVERY THEREFROM."
Sealed the 20th October 1871, and dated the 22nd April 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Rowe Sweetser
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd April 1871.
I, GEORGE ROWE SWEETSER, of No. 9, Essex Road, Islington, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN ΡΑΣ-
PARING AERATED LIQUIDS AND FOR COMBINING OTHER MATTERS THEREWITH; ALSO
IN CORKING BOTTLES OR VESSELS CONTAINING SUCH LIQUIDS, AND IN STOPPERS FOR

page_text: RETAINING SUCH LIQUIDS IN BOTTLES OR VESSELS, AND FOR FACILITATING THE
DELIVERY THEREFROM," to be as follows:-
Ordinarily the combined gas and liquid are forced into a receiver or
condenser by means of a pump the piston or plunger of which is moved
by a crank or such like means having an uniform stroke, and one part
of my improvements relates to applying the crank pin to a slide or
moveable piece which by screw motion is capable of varying the length
of stroke effected, so as to compensate for intervals in use, and such
screw motion is brought into action to reduce the length of stroke of
the piston or plunger, and consequently of the quantity of aerated liquid
supplied to the condenser by the pressure of the gaseous fluid in the
condenser acting on a diaphragm or piston or plunger acting on a lever
or arm to connect or put in motion wheelwork communicating with
such screw, and when the pressure in the condenser becomes too little
the action is in the reverse direction. This variation in the screw
motion may also be effected by hand.
Syrup or other liquid to be combined with such aerated liquids, arc,
according to my improvements, conducted from the receiver thereof
by flexible or jointed pipo into a chamber such as has heretofore been
employed for the purpose with a piston or plunger or diaphragm capable
of being moved to any distance, so as to act as a measure of the quantity
for the time to be taken and then by an opposite movement to deliver
such quantities by a suitable outlet passage into bottles or vessels in
succession. The distance of motion of the diagram, piston, or plunger
being adjustable to the quantity for the time to be taken and delivered.
By these means the chamber or measurer, whilst in constant commu-
nication with the reservoir, is yet free to be readily moved about by
hand to supply various bottles or vessels of a series.
In the corking of bottles containing aerated liquids I connect the
plungers for forcing the corks into the bottles to screw motion by a
clutch connection operated by steam engine or other suitable power.
A counterbalance withdraws the plunger on disconnecting the clutch
connection. The stoppers for such bottles are each formed by a
cylinder of cork or other suitable clastic or other material adapted to
fit closely the neck of the bottle or vessel with a hole through it in the
direction of its length, in this hole is applied a plug which is formed
conical or of other suitable shape to act as a valve to close the inner

page_text: end of the stopper. The upper end of this plug projects and is formed
with an enlargement if desired to facilitate the pressing of it inwards.
This plug has a hole entering lengthwise to near the inner end thereof
when it branches off sideways, so that by forcing the plug downwards
towards the interior of the bottle a passage may be formed through it
for the delivery of the contained liquid or when the plug is raised the
contained liquid is held secure. In place of a passage or passages in
the interior of such plug the passage may be formed by a flute or flutes
or other groove or grooves on the external surface thereof.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Rowe Swectser in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
ROWE SWEETSER, of No. 9, Essex Road, Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent, Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-onc, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Rowe Sweetser, Her special
licence that I, the said George Rowe Sweetser, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Rowe
Sweetser, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AERATED LIQUIDS
AND FOR COMBINING OTHER MATTERS THERE WITH; ALSO IN CORKING BOTTLES OR
VESSELS CONTAINING SUCH LIQUIDS, AND IN STOPPERS FOR RETAINING SUCH LIQUIDS
IN BOTTLES OR VESSELS, AND FOR FACILITATING THE DELIVERY THEREFROM,"
upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Rowe Sweetser,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and. in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and.
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Rowe Sweetser, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Ordinarily in the preparation of acrated liquids the combined gas
and
liquid arc forced into a receiver or condenser by means of a pump, the
piston or plunger of which is moved by a crank or such like means
having an uniform stroke, and the first part of my improvements relates
to applying the crank pin to a slide or moveable piece which by screw
motion is capable of varying the length of stroke effected so as to
compensate for intervals in use, and such screw motion is brought into
action to reduce the length of stroke of the piston or plunger, and
consequently of the quantity of acrated liquid supplied to the con-
denser by the pressure of the gaseous fluid in the condenser acting
on a diaphragm, or piston, or plunger, actuating a lever or arm to
connect or put in motion wheelwork communicating with such screw,
and when the pressure in the condenser becomes too little, the action
is in the reverse direction. This variation in the screw motion may
also be effected by hand.
Syrup or other liquid to be combined with such aeratod liquids are
according to the second part of my improvements conducted from the
receiver thereof by flexible or jointed pipe into a chamber, such a has
heretofore been employed for the purpose with a piston, or plunger, or
diaphragm capable of being moved to any distance, so as to act as a
measure of the quantity for the time to be taken, and then by an
opposite movement to deliver such quantities by a suitable outlet
passage into bottles or vessels in succession. The distance of motion.
of the diaphragm, piston, or plunger, being adjusted to such quantity
for the time to be taken and delivered. By these means the chamber
or measurer, whilst in constant communication with the reservoir, is yet
free to be readily moved about by hand to supply various bottles or
vessels of a series.

page_text: Thirdly. The improvements relate to means for corking bottles
containing acrated liquids. In the corking of bottles containing aerated
liquids, I connect the plungers (of duplicate machines) for forcing the
corks into the bottles to screw motion by a clutch connection operated
by steam engine or other suitable power. A. counterbalance withdraws
such plungers on disconnecting the clutch connection.
Fourthly. The improvements relate to stoppers of bottles or vessels
containing aerated liquids. The stoppers for such bottles are each
formed by a cylinder of cork or other suitable elastic or other
material adapted to fit closely, the neck of the bottle or vessel with a
hole through it in the direction of its length. In this holo is applied
a plug which is formed conical, or of other suitable, shape to act as a
valve to close the inner end of the stopper. The upper end of this
plug projects, and is formed with an enlargement, if desired, to facilitate
the pressing of it inwards. This plug has a hole entering lengthwise to
near the inner end thereof when it branches off sideways, so that by
forcing the plug downwards towards the interior of the bottle, a passage
may be formed through it for the delivery of the contained liquids, or
when the plug is raised the contained liquid is held secure.
In place
of a passage or passages in the interior of such plug the passage may
be formed by a flute or flutes or other groove or grooves on the external
surface thereof.
т
11.
1 Tll h the s

page_text: -
plunger in the cylinder 6 by that pin d being applied to a plate d',
which is capable of sliding and of being guided as it is slided in the
frame d², affixed to the shaft e. The frame d also carries a screw ď³,
the thread of which takes into a thread formed in the plate ď, by
turning which screw the change in the relative position of the crank
pin d to the shaft e, and in the length of stroke is effected. The
turning of the screw is effected in the following manner, ƒ is a
separate chamber shewn separately by Figure 3, having communication
with the interior of the receiver or condenser a. This chamber is
provided with a diaphragm of india-rubber or other suitable. elastic
material f, to which is connected one end of a rod f2, the other end
of which is connected to one arm of the lever g, which is supported to
turn on the axis of motion g¹, and at its other end is formed to receive
a weight g, the position of which may be varied to regulate the
pressure excrted thereby. The lever g is also provided with an arm g³
to rest on the underside of the pulley h, and thereby regulate the
extent of motion of that lever g in one direction. The pin which
connects the rod with one arm of the lever g, also carries a pulley g*,
which by a cross band g³ has rotary motion given to it from the
pulley 9, affixed on the shaft g³, which is driven by a band and
pulleys from the shaft or axis e. The pulley is affixed to a separate
internal shaft which passes through or into the shaft e, which is
hollow for the purpose, and upon this internal shaft is affixed a bevilled'
pinion, the teeth of which take into the teeth of another bevilled
pinion ³, affixed on the screw d³. When the pressure in the condenser a
and in the extra chamber fis not excessive, the one arm of the lever
rests against the part of the pulley h, which for the time is the lowermost,
and by that means holds that pulley and the internal shaft to which it
is affixed from turning, but on the pressure in the condenser a increasing,
that pressure will act on the diaphragm f¹ in the chamber f, to cause
the descent of the rod f³, so as to bring the pulley g' in contact with
the pulley h, to give motion to it, and cause the screw d³ to rotate in a
direction to cause the crank pin d to be moved so as to shorten the stroke
effected by it until an equilibrium in the receiver a is established, and
then when by the excess of pressure on the diaphragm f¹ being removed,
the weight is allowed to act to remove the pulley g' from contact
with the pulley h, so that that pulley h and the pinion ³ carried
thereby are held stationary, the pinion h³ by working thereon will.

page_text: tend gradually to turn the screw d³, so as to carry the pin & outwards
again, and so on. It will be evident that these motions to the
screw may be effected by hand applied to the handle g of the lever g
if desired.
Figure 4 shews by a sectional view means for carrying out the
second part of my Invention. i is the measuring chamber which is
connected to the receiver of the syrup by a piece of india-rubber or
other flexible, or it may be jointed tubing 1, so that this measure
may be readily moved about in various directions, so as thereby to
afford facility for readily charging a number of bottles or other vessels
placed on a table or other stage. is the plunger, by moving which
in one direction the quantity desired is taken into the chamber of the
measure, and then by moving it in the opposite direction such quantity
is forced out again, there being inlet and outlet valves *, **, to close
those passages respectively, and in order to regulate the distance of
motion of the piston and thereby to regulate the quantity of syrup
or other matter taken and discharged at the motions thereof; the
rod of the piston is provided with a sliding or adjustable stop 2º,
so that the quantity taken and delivered may be varied at pleasure.
I will now proceed to describe the third part of the Invention which
is represented by Figures 5 and 6. In these Figures j is the ordinary
treddle for supporting a bottle k against the feed taps for supplying
aerated liquids to such bottles, and by which a cork is passed into the
neck thereof. is one of the plungers by which the forcing in of corks
is effected. These plungers, of which there are usually two to each
machine, are carried by an arm 7 which is capable of sliding vertically
in the main framing, and it is also formed with a female screw to
receive the thread of a screw &, which is set in motion in the following
manner :-m is a shaft to which motion is given from a steam engine or
other suitable power. The lower end of this shaft is connected to one
part of a clutch P, whilst the other part of the clutch is connected to
the screw. By raising the part into contact with the part ♬ by a
treddle or lever or other suitable means, the screw is set in motion
to drive in a cork the distance required, which distance may be re-
gulated by a stop . The plungers are withdrawn from acting on
the corks by means of the weighted cord which passes round the
pulley formed on the portion of clutch ..

page_text: I will now describe the fourth part of my Invention, an arrangement
according to which is shewn by Figure 7, m is a cylinder of cork or
other suitable elastic, or other material fitting closely the neck * of the
bottle or vessel, m¹ is the plug thereto the lower end m³ of which acts
as a valve to close that end of the stopper. The upper end m³ of this t
plug projects and is formed with an enlargement m to facilitate action
thereon for the pressing of it inwards. This plug m³ has a passage
through it in the direction indicated by the dotted lines m³ for the
delivery of the contents, when the plug is forced downwards or when it
is raised this passage is closed by the action of the ends m². By pre- 1
ference I apply to the cork m a lining n for the sliding of the plug m³.
This lining and the parts of the plug may be formed of wood or metal
or other suitable material that will not prejudicially act on the contained
liquids.
Figure 8 shows these passages m³ formed by flutes outside instead of 1
in the interior of the stopper.
Figure 9 shows a slight modification of this part of the Invention in
which the plug is formed with a screw thread on it to take into a
corresponding screw in the lining, and the opening and closing of the
plug is effected by turning it.
Figures 10 and 11 show by side view and plan a bottling or filling
post such as I employ in filling bottles or vessels having these stoppers
applied thereto. Figure 12 shows an enlarged view in section of part
thereof.
•
2
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in 2
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is :-
:
First. The arranging parts of apparatus employed in preparing
aërated liquids so that the pressure in the receiver or condenser may
be variable to the intervals in or extent of use thereof, substantially as 3
described.
Secondly. I claim the arranging or combining parts by which the use
of apparatus for combining syrups or other matters with aerated liquids
and the measuring of such matters in definite quantities are facilitated,

page_text: Thirdly. I claim the improvements in means for corking bottles filled
with aerated liquids, substantially as described.
Fourthly. I claim the arranging or combining parts forming stoppers
for bottles or vessels containing acrated liquids substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Rowe Sweetser, have hero-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.