Improvements in Rag-engines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1891-Accepted, 22nd Aug, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rag-engines.
I, CARL HEMMER of Neidenfels near Lambrecht in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to rag engines for paper manufacture and has for its
purpose to effect economy in motive power and time, and to ensure a uniform
product.
The principal constituent of the improved rag engine is a longitudinal
quadrangular pulp trough of the whole width of the cylinder. Each pulp particle
must therefore equally often pass cylinder and bed-plate, as the pulp arrives at the
cylinder in parallel layers and with uniform velocities.
The cylinder is surrounded for above one third of its circumference with a bed-
plate, consequently the material is worked into first stuff in a comparatively short
time. From the cylinder the pulp is raised only over the bed-plate, whence it falls
through two separate channels into a smaller cylinder provided in the rear thereof.
To obviate adhesion and obstruction of the pulp in said channels, the median sides
thereof are formed into a divider, that is to say, drawn up so as to form a ridge,
while an adjustable slide arranged between the channels, prevents the pulp from
being flung up. As the cylinder does not require so much centrifuga force for
lifting the pulp, as if it had to fling the latter forward over itself, the same
grinding effect is attained with a far smaller diameter of cylinder. By providing
a spout tube above the channels referred to, any accumulation of pulp is obviated.
From the smaller cylinder the pulp is conducted through worms or other moving
organs into a channel or duct situated below the pulp trough and hence again into
the latter.
The water is fed through a large spout tube placed crosswise over the pulp
trough and having on its whole breadth a series of perforations. Said tube can be
turned by a handle in order to allow the water jets to be directed all over the
trough for cleaning the same.
The feed of the pulp to the bed-plate is regulated by means of a sluice slide
adapted to be adjusted in height by means of suitable gear.
The improved rag engine may be used as half-stuff engine by the application of
a washing contrivance above the trough, or as a mixing engine by raising the
cylinder.
To pack the pivots of the cylinder at the points where they pass through the
sides of the trough, in such a manner as to prevent water or pulp from penetrating
without impairing the easy moveability of the cylinder, each bearing. side is
provided near the pivot with a slot which is closed by a plate packed on, and
consisting of two portions which are detachably connected with each other.
Through a bore between the latter a composition ring consisting of two halves is
laid around the pivot, which ring is so firmly pressed onto a turned rim of the
cylinder by a nickel ring screwed to the said plate, or, subject to spring pressure,
as to preclude any penetration of the contents of the trough, without affecting the
revolution of the cylinder. Moreover sufficient play is allowed between the nickle
ring and the pivot as to admit of the cylinder being lowered towards the bed plate
as well as raised, for which purpose also the plate screws are placed into longi-
tudinal slots. Thus the composition ring can be renewed without the cylinder
being taken out.
The pulp instead of being guided by the worms or other devices from the smaller
cylinder to the under side of the trough, inay also be raised into an elbow tube and
thus carried over the trough to the other side of the rag engine. In this case a

page_text: flap is provided where said tube terminates in the trough. This flap is only so far
opened as required by the passing pulp so that no air can enter. The tube
therefore works as raising device thereby discharging the moving bodies and it is
provided with a branch tube and. flap as to allow the pulp to be discharged from the
rag engine.
Dated this 31st of October 1890
HUELSER & Co.,
Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rag Engines.
I, CARL HEMMER of Neidenfels near Lambrecht, in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to effect the grinding process in rag engines in a
very short time and thereby to quantitatively increase the manufacture, while an
unequal grinding of the stuff is entirely excluded and a perfectly uniform product is
obtained. Furthermore the improved apparatus, owing to its manner of action,
requires considerably less power than any other stuff mill.
Referring to the accompanying drawing, Sheets I and II.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section along line R R Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 a plan.
Fig. 3 a side view.
Fig. 4 a front view.
Fig. 5 a section along line S S Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 a section along line T T Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a modification.
Fig. 8 the plan of the same.
Fig. 9 is a front view of a packing contrivance for the passage of the cylinder
pivot through the side of the casing.
Fig. 10 a section along line OO Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 a section along line N N Fig. 9.
Fig. 12 a section along line PP Fig. 9.
The improved rag engine principally consists of a longitudinal quadrangular stuff
trough A of the whole width of the cylinder. Each particle of pulp must therefore
pass equally often the cylinder and the bed plate, as the pulp arrives at the cylinder
in parallel layers and with equal velocities. Consequently the pulp is very
uniformly ground.
The cylinder is surrounded for above one third of its circumference with a bed
plate B, whereby the material is worked into first stuff in a far shorter time than in 4
any other rag engine. The pulp is raised only over the bed plate B by the
cylinder E, whence it falls through two separate channels into a cylinder D
provided in the rear thereof. Thereby the cylinder E is freed from the work of
raising the pulp over itself and consequently requires considerably less power for
working. To obviate adhesion and obstruction by the transition of the pulp from 4
the bed plate to D, the median sides of the channels C are formed into a divider by
being drawn up to a ridge. An adjustable slide F prevents the pulp from being.
flung up.
As the cylinder does not require so much centrifugal force for lifting
the pulp, as if it had to fling the latter forward over itself, the same grinding effect
is produced with a far smaller diameter of cylinder. By providing a spout tube G, 5
Fig. 1, above the channels C any accumulation of pulp is obviated. From
cylinder D the pulp is conducted through worms H or other moving devices into
Channel and through the latter again into the pulp trough. When emptying the
apparatus the discharging speed is considerably increased by the moving devices.

page_text: The passage through the latter causes the pulp to be thoroughly mixed, whereby a
uniform grinding is effected.
The water is fed through a large spout tube K which is placed crosswise over
the trough so that the water is supplied to the pulp in a perfectly uniform manner.
The tube Khas over the whole breadth of the trough a series of perforations and
can be turned by a handle a for the pur ose of allowing the water jets to be directed
all over the trough for cleaning the same.
The feed of the pulp to the bed plate is regulated by a slide M arranged before
cylinder E over the whole width thereof and adapted to be adjusted in height by
means of rack bar b, pinion d and click e Figs. 1 and 2. By completely letting
down the slide the supply of pulp is stopped .e. the grinding process interrupted.
A principal advantage over the rag engines hitherto known consists in the cylinder
not wading in the pulp but running free, whereby likewise less force is required.
The improved rag engine can be used as half-stuff engine by the application of a
washing device L or also as mixing engine by raising the cylinder.
It has hitherto proved difficult to so pack the cylinder pivots g, Figs. 2, 6 9, 10
and 11 at their passage through the side of the trough as to cause the water and
pulp particles to be retained without impairing the easy moveability of the cylinder.
This
secure packing is attained by the arrangement represented by Figs. 9 to 12,
the sides of the trough being provided with a slot at the place of the pivots. This
slot is closed by a packed-on plate consisting of the halves h h detachably con-
nected with each other at i. Through the bore between the parts ha composition
ring consisting of two halves is laid around the pivot . Said ring is so firmly
pressed onto the turned rim of the cylinder E by a ring screwed to said plate or
pressed thereon by springs, that, without affecting the revolution of the cylinder,
any penetration of the contents of the trough is excluded. Pivot has so much.
play in that the cylinder can be lowered and raised relatively to the bed plate for
which purpose the screws of plate are arranged in longitudinal slots. Thus
the composition ring can be renewed without the necessity of taking out the
cylinder.
The arrangement represented by Figs. 7 and 8 Sheet II differs from that
described above principally by the moving devices H conducting the pulp into the
raising tube and, moving it therein over the trough to the front end of the rag
engine. A flap N Fig. 7 so closes the said pipe as to be raised only as far as
necessary by the pulp passing through, so that no air can enter: Consequently the
tube acts as raising tube and relieves the moving devices. The tube or channel.
is provided with a branch tube P Fig. 7. According as the engine is being
discharged or worked, P or J¹ is closed by the flap O. When discharging the
engine, tube is closed by flap () and the emptying can be effected by the moving
devices to any higher point in case the rag engine occupies a low position. In
other respects, this modification has the same construction as the first described
engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1) The construction of a rag engine trough consisting of a casing A. serving as a
stuff trough in front of cylinder E Fig. 1 and connected in the rear of the cylinder
through a duct or a number of ducts with the moving bodies H, a duct or ducts J
Figs. 1 to 6, terminating from said casing in that part of the trough which lies
opposite the cylinder, substantially as set forth.
2) A stuff moving mechanism in the rag engine forming the subject of Claim 1)
so disposed that the cylinder lifts the stuff only over the bed plate or ground
work B, whence it falls through a channel or channels C, Figs. 1, 2, and 4 to the
noving bodies H and is then moved by the latter away from the cylinder and
hrough a channel or channels J Figs. 1 to 6 to the front end of the stuff trough,
ubstantially as set forth.

page_text: 3) The construction of the rag engine trough consisting of a casing A which
serves as stuff trough in front of the cylinder E and is in connection behind the
cylinder, by a duct or ducts C with the moving bodies H and from which moving.
bodies one or more raising channels extend over the stuff trough A. and
opposite to the cylinder, a suctory
terminate in that part of the trough, which
effect being produced by the closing flap N of the pipe J, while a discharge of the
stuff can be effected to the branch pipe P by means of Hap O substantially as set
forth.
4) A stuff moving appliance in the rag engine referred to in Claim 3 so
constructed that the cylinder lifts the stuff only over the bed plate or ground
work B, whence it falls in a channel or channels to the moving bodies, by which it
is pressed away from the cylinder in the channel or channels over the trough to
the fore part of the same, substantially as set forth.
5) In the rag engine system referred to in Claims 1 to 4, the application of a
stuff distributer serving to obviate adhesion and clotting of stuff behind the
cylinder E and consisting in the inner sides of the ducts C being drawn together to
a ridge or edge/extending to cylinder E, substantially as set forth.
6) In the rag engine system referred to in Claims 1 to 4 the application of a
spout tube K adapted to be turned by a handle a and provided with a series of
perforations, said tube extending over the rag engine trough, whereby the latter
can be completely washed out, substantially as set forth.
7) In the rag engine system referred to in Claims 1 to 4, the application, in front
of cylinder E, of a sluice slide M adapted to be moved by means of rack and
pinion and to be adjusted by click e for the purpose of allowing any suitable
quantity of pulp or stuff to be fed to the cylinder and of preventing the latter from
being drenched therein, substantially as set forth.
8) In the rag engine system referred to in Claims 1 to 4, for the purpose of
packing the cylinder pivot y to the outside without impairing the easy moveableness
and the raising and lowering of the cylinder, the application of a board or plate
formed of parts and the bipartite composition ring & being supported by said
plate and pressed against the working surface m of cylinder E by the ring held
by means of screws or springs against, substantially as set forth.
9) The arrangement for moving the stuff or pulp in rag engines, consisting in
the stuff trough A. being provided in front of the cylinder, which lifts the stuff over
the bed plate or ground work B and conducts it through the channels C, drawn
together to the ridge reaching to the cylinder, to the moving bodies H, through
which the stuff is conducted back either under, or by co-operation of flap N over
the trough A provided with rinsing and mixing pipe K, while the admission of
stuff to cylinder E is regulated by slide M and the escape of stuff at the pivots of
cylinder E is prevented by composition ring k running at the cylinder surfaces »
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 20th day of July 1891.
TD T LEMMER
CARL H
HEMMER
By Huelser & Co.,
His Agents.