matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1888

page_text: I, CHARLES FRANCIS PENHORWOOD of 42 Finchley Road Lorrimore Square
Walworth, London Warehouseman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In carrying out my invention I make a body or stock preferably of wood, but any
other suitable material may be used, in shape similar to the body or stock of an
ordinary banister brush or whisk but with the handle inclined slightly in a backward
direction in order to prevent the knuckles from coming in contact with the walls.
(See letter a in drawing annexed.) In the face of the body or stock I cut a groove
in which I fix, by means of glue, solution, or any other adhesive matter, a piece or
cake of indiarubber, composition or substitute for indiarubber.
The said indiarubber, composition or substitute for indiarubber to be in size
preferably six inches long, one and a quarter inches wide, and three eighths of an inch
thick but any other size may be used and it may be further strengthened in the groove
by means of rivets or nails (as in fig. 2) see letter b in drawing.
In the back of the upper portion of the body or stock I cut a groove across
and in a slanting downwards direction in which I fix, in the same manner as herein-
before stated, a small piece of indiarubber, composition or substitute for indiarubber,
about one inch square by three eighths of an inch thick for the purpose of cleaning
crevices. (See letter c in drawing.)
By passing the appliance briskly backwards and forwards on the surface of the
papered walls the dirt or discolouration is quickly removed, thus rendering the wall-
papers more durable and keeping them always bright and clean.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The use of the appliance for cleaning papered walls made and constructed of the
materials and in the manner substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dotad this Fourteenth dase of Man L...
A Combined Pianoforte Sconce, Bell, and Tuning Device.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1888
Specification Accepted, 16th Mar., 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Pianoforte Sconce, Bell, and Tuning Device.
FREDERICK ALEXANDER 126 Falcon Road Clapham Junction London S.W.
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
samo is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
1 claim the right of adapting Pianoforte Sconcers & Candlesticks as a Musical
Pitch, by means of a cup or flange which, can be made any shape or pattern, of
tempered steel or any other suitable metal, and fastened on the sconcer by a nut or
screw, and tuned to Philharmonic, Society of Arts, French, or any other pitch. Under
the cup is a spring which, when touched strikes the cup and gives the pitch note for
Pianofortes, and other Musical instruments to be tuned to, and so forms three articles
of use in one, viz. Sconcers, Bell, and Musical Pitch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted. 9th Nov., 1888
CHARLES WARREN Head Gardener Leigh Cottage Chulmleigh North Devon do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A square, Portable Smoking Stove. On four Pendant Legs, a draught channel with
hole on one side and four draught Holes in the Bottom. A feed Material Body, with
Arched Bottom Grating. Top box Lid on hinges, with ring hook fastening. Two
side Handles for carrying, and a 3 jointed Angular Smoke, conveying Tube with
Flame screen at Base.

page_text: CHARLES WARREN Leigh Cottage Chulmleigh N. Devon, Head Gardener, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
A Square Portable Stove for Fumigating purposes and to be worked by draught.
To be lighted, and fed, with Fumigating Material. To be placed outside the 5
Structures or Apartment; the Smoke passing into the same through the Tube.
An angular, jointed, Tube 1. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. Flame Screen, V. W. X. Y.
With Heat and Smoke tight Lid I. J. K. L.
A feed material Body E. F. & G. H. on 4 Legs A. B. C. D. A draught Hole U
on one side. A draught Channel with 4 Holes Q. R. S. T. in the Bottom. An arched 1
grating M. N. O. P. Top box Lid with Ring Hook fastening. Two side Handles,
and a 3 jointed angular Smoke Conveying Tube with Flame Screen at Base.
The method of using this Stove is to be lit with hot cinders and fed with Tobacco
paper or other fumigating material, which causes smoke or func.
My expression
a feed material body" means only the Stove or Box lettered 1
E. F. G. H on Drawing which holds the material for its use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and to what manner the same is to be performed I declare what I claim is
1. The apparatus as hereinbefore described.
Improvements in Picture Blocks.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1883
Complete Specification Left, 29th July, 1889-Accepted, 31st Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Picture Blocks.
I, JAMES RIPPON MORFORD, of 9 Lawrence Lane, in the City of London
Merchant do bereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention, is to provide for children an inexpensive
and interesting toy, in the shape of Christmas, New Year, or Birthday Cards.
To carry out my invention, I paste Christmas, New Year, or Birthday Cards,
suitable for children, on a thin block of wood, which I then by means of a fret
or buhl saw, cut up into puzzles or fancy figures or shapes, so that they can be
taken to pieces and be put together again.
Dated this 30th day of October 1888.
CARMAN & Co.,
Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Picture-blocks.
I, JAMES RIPPON MORFORD, of 9 Lawrence Lane, in the City of London
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to provide for children an inexpensive and
interesting toy, in the shape of Christmas, New Year or Birthday Cards.
To carry out my invention, 1 paste Christmas, New Year or Birthday Cards,
suitable for children, on a thin block of wood, which I then by means of a fret or
buhl saw,
cut up into puzzles or fancy figures or shapes, so that they can be taken
to pieces, and he put together again.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1st. The device of pasting Christmas, New Year or Birthday Cards on thin blocks
of wood and cutting them up into puzzles or fancy figures or shapes substantially as
described.
2000
JAS. R. MORFORD.
A Combined Deck-house Side Light and Ventilator.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 5th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Deck-house Side Light and Ventilator.
We, WALTER HENRY WILSON and WILLIAM JAMES PIRRIE both of Queens Island
Belfast in the County of Antrim Shipbuilders, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
According to our invention we form a combined deck-house side light and
ventilator as shewn in the drawing annexed. The glass by which the opening in the
lower part of the metal frame of the light is glazed is fixed in place and cannot be
opened whilst the glazing of the opening in the upper part of the light is carried in
a second metal frame which fits this opening in the main frame and can be turned
outwards on hinge joints at its top or otherwise and can also be held open to any
extent desired by a bar jointed to it at the bottom having notches in it to drop
on to a stop on the inside of the main metal frame of the light. When closed it may
similarly be retained by a notch in the bar being made to clip onto the stop on the
frame or it may be locked by a button piece turned into place to secure it and then
locked by a screw nut or otherwise.
Dated this 14th day of December 1888.
WALTER H. WILSON.
W. J. PIRRIE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Deck-house Side Light and Ventilator.
Wo, WALTER HENRY WILSON and WILLIAM JAMES PIRRIE both of Queens Island
Belfast in the County of Antrim Shipbuilders, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to our Invention we form a combined deck-house side light and
ventilator as shewn in the drawing left with the Provisional Specification. The glass
by which the opening in the lower part of the metal frame of the light is glazed is
fixed in place and cannot be opened whilst the glazing of the opening in the upper
part of the light is carried in a second metal frame which fits this opening in the
main frame and can be turned outwards on hinge joints at its top and can also be
held open to any extent desired by a bar jointed to it at the bottom having notches
in it to drop on to a stop on the inside of the main metal frame of the light. When
closed it may similarly be retained by a notch in the bar being made to clip onto the
stop on the frame or it may be locked by a button piece turned into place to secure it
and then locked by a screw nut or otherwise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A combined deck-house side light and ventilator consisting of a metal frame,
whose lower part is glazed whilst in the upper part there is an opening in which is
hinged another glazed metal frame substantially as described.
2. A combined deck-house side light and ventilator substantially as described and
shown in the drawings.
Tth: : Santamba- 1900
An Improved Clover Seed Shelling Machine.
Year: 1888

page_text: An Improved Clover Seed Shelling Machine.
I WALTER DYNES of Cardington near Bedford in the same County Machine
Proprietor Wheelwright &c. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
This invention consists in the application of eccentrics for the purpose of
imparting the requisite reciprocating motion to the riddles of clover seed shelling
machines.
Hitherto the riddles of clover seed shelling machines have received their recipro-
cating motion from a double crank fixed in the front of the machine but the said
crank is in the way of the dust which is blown from the clover when the same is
being worked and hence the crank bearings require constant attention and frequent
lubrication. Moreover the use of cranks necessitates the use of bevel gearing to
transmit the requisite motion which is done at the expense of the efficiency of the
machine.
Now in my invention the horizontal spindle which runs along the bottom of the
machine longitudinally is provided with a pulley keyed on the back or rear end
thereof. This said pulley is connected by a band to another pulley, keyed on a
horizontal shaft running transversely of the machine. This transverse. horizontal
shaft is supported in bearings fixed on the back or rear end of the machine and
hence is out of the way of the dust &c. from the clover when the same is being worked.
Two eccentrics are keyed on to this transverse shaft each eccentric rod being connected
to one of the riddles. Hence the revolution of the said transverse shaft will impart
the requisite reciprocating motion to each riddle.
And in order that my Invention may be more fully understood and carried into
practice I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which similar letters indicate corresponding parts in both figures.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of a clover seed shelling machine constructed according
to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a part sectional side elevation of the same.
The horizontal spindle A is rotated in any suitable manner and the pulley B keyed
thereon transmits the motion to the pulley C keyed upon the transverse horizontal

page_text: shaft D. On the said shaft D two eccentrics E and F are keyed, the motion of
which is conveyed by the eccentric rods G and H and imparts the requisite
reciprocating motion to the riddles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to he performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1) A clover seed shelling machine constructed with a transverse horizontal shaft
at the back or rear end thereof provided with two eccentrics substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
(2) The application of two eccentrics for the purpose of imparting reciprocating
motion to the riddles of 'a clover seed shelling machine as herein before set forth and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Year: 1888

page_text: BENJAMIN TWIGG 62 Hollowgate Rotherham, Yorkshire, Artist, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Having Movable Head, legs and Tail moved as follows, by means of a lever
connected with each seperate joint of Head, legs, and Tail, which are suspended in
their respective position by pins to each limb; connection of lever made to axle of
vehicle causes the Toy Horse to move forward in life-like manner, when in motion.
1000
BENJAMIN TWIGG.

page_text: I BENJAMIN TWIGG 62 Hollowgate Rotherham Yorkshire Artist, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the game is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
A Mechanical Toy Horse having movable Head, Legs, and Tail moved as follows,
by means of a lever shewn on drawing marked E connected with each separate
joint of Head, Leg, and Tail, which are suspended in their respective position as
shewn on drawing, by pins marked A. B. C. D. attached to body of Horse marked F.
the lever E communicating with crank on axle of Vehicle marked G. on drawing,
the Head, and leg marked, H. which are joined together, working on the same centre
marked A. having a slot marked I. to allow the leg, and Head, H. to pass and
repass centre marked B. which the leg marked J. is suspended from, the Head and
leg H. communicating with leg J. by pin marked K. the Tail and leg joined together
marked L. working on centre C. having a Slot marked M. to allow Tail and leg L.
to pass and repass centre marked D. which leg N. works upon, the pin marked O.
attached to lever E working in Slot marked P. moving leg N. on centre marked D.
and at the same time communicating with leg and Tail marked L. the diminished
part of lever E shewn bent down side of hind legs is, the attachment to crank ou
vehicle marked G. the whole when in motion describing circles shown on drawing
figured 1. 2. 3. 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The Toy Horse moving every limb in life-like manner when in motion.
New Colouring Matters.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 27th Apr., 1889
[Communicated from abroad by RUPERT GREVILLE WILLIAMS, of Albany, in the
County of Albany, State of New York, one of the United States of America.]
New Colouring Matters.
Twenty eight (28) pounds of benzidine sulpbate, or its equivalent of the base, are
converted in the usual and well known manner into its tetrazo compound.
The solution is then run into twenty five (25) pounds of beta naphthylamine mono-
sulphonate of soda and one hundred (100) pounds of caustic soda dissolved in five
hundred (500) galls. of water.
The mixture is kept well stirred for twelve (12) hours, when fourteen and four
tenths (144) pounds of orcin dissolved in water are added.
The stirring is continued for fifteen (15) hours longer, and the temperature is
then raised to boiling point, when the colour is salted out, filtered off, pressed, and
dried.
The colour thus obtained dyes unmordanted cotton a bright red in an alkaline or
soap bath, and the colour is fast to washing.

page_text: If the benzidine in Example I be replaced with thirty seven (37) pounds of sulpho
acid of di-amido-stilbene, a colour similar in shade to that obtained with benzidine is
obtained.
All these colouring matters are insoluble in dilute acids, but soluble in alkalies or
concentrated sulphuric acid, and have the property of dyeing unmordanted cotton red
in an alkaline or soap bath.

page_text: EXAMPLE 11.
If the benzidine in Example I be replaced by tolidine
is obtained.

page_text: If the benzidine in Example I be replaced with thirty seven (37) pounds of sulpho
acid of di-amido-stilbene, a color similar in shade to that obtained with benzidine is
obtained.
All these coloring matters are insoluble in dilute acids but soluble in alkalies or
concentrated sulphuric acid, and have the property of dyeing unmordanted cotton red
in an alkaline or soap bath.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
The coloring matters which are produced by the action of one molecule of tetrazo
diphenyl, or tetrazo-stilbene, or tetrazo-fluorene, or tetrazo-naphthalene or their
homologues or sulpho acids, on, first one molecule of naphthylamine or one of the
present known sulpho-acids of naphthylamine, and then on one molecule of orcin or
its sulpho acids, substantially as set forth.
HENRY H. LEIGH.
Year: 1888

page_text: I, ALFRED HENRY FORD of 100 Michael Street, Clifton Hill, North Fitzroy in
the Colony of Victoria Upholsterer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention of an improved method of constructing sliding doors consists in
hinging or otherwise attaching them to a sliding jamb and is intended to be used
principally in the manufacture of wardrobes, its object being to enable said doors
which are lined with looking glass to be so arranged as to enable a front side and
partial back view of the person to be seen. It may however be used in connection
with doors for any purpose whatever.
Referring now to my drawings: Figure 1 shows a front view of my invention in
which a door is hinged to a sliding jamb or support, the door being shewn in dotted
lines.
Figure 2 shews an end view of my sliding jamb.
Figure 3 shews plan of its foot or bottom.
Figure 4 is a front view of a single winged wardrobe having one of its doors
attached to one of my sliding jambs.
Figure 5 shews front view of a double winged wardrobe with the two side doors
attached to my sliding jambs.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the line a a in Figure 5.
My sliding jamb A has an L-shaped head piece A and a similarly shaped foot
piece A. The former has friction rollers on its face A³ the latter has friction rollers A*
on its lower face. B is the door hinged to said jamb. The L-shaped head and the
L-shaped foot of my jamb each run in grooves D as shewn. D₁ is an india rubber
friction ball let into the front side plate of groove which acts as a jamb to hold the
door in any required position. At the end of and screwed into said grooves are stops
marked C. The inner side of said door or doors is lined with looking glass as shewn
in Figures 4 and 5 and is provided with piano locks and handles in the ordinary way.
When it is desired to utilize the looking glass forming the lining of the door or doors,
they must be unlocked and slid to the required position as shewn in Figures 4 and 5

page_text: when they can be opened and set to any required anglo so as to reflect the image of
the person standing before it in ways which will be perfectly well understood.
I am aware that sliding doors have been before made to run on friction rollers and
therefore I make no claim to such a contrivance.
The novelty of my invention lies wholly and solely in hinging or otherwise attaching
doors to a sliding jamb or support.
These doors may or may not be lined with looking glass as described and they may
be used for other purposes than those which I have herein set forth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
Sliding doors hinged or otherwise attached to sliding jambs or supports substantially
as herein described and explained.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Mar., 1889
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London,
Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1888

page_text: RICHARD SPRATLEY 8 Newton Road Tunbridge Wells Kent Repairer of Musical
Instruments do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A thumb piece and about half an inch of the round portion of an ordinary tuning
peg, this is fitted so as to come nearly through the hole of the peg-box nearest the
thumb piece of the peg above mentioned. A square steel wire of about one eighth of
an inch in thickness and tapered very thin at one end is then put through the thumb
piece of the peg, and riveted. A thread is then cut on the end for about half an inch
down. I then place a small washer on to the wire, after that I put on the same wire
the loose centre part of the peg, this extends to, and just enters the hole on the
opposite side of the peg box. I now place a small nut on to the only part of the wire
which remains uncovered, and which is tapped to receive it. The screwing up of
this nut, forces the loose centre part of the peg against the washer and the inside of
the peg box nearest the thumb piece, Thus drawing in the tapered peg to the required
tension.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pegs for the Violin, Viola, and like Instruments.
RICHARD SPRATLEY 8 Newton Road Tunbridge Wells Repairer of Musical
Instruments do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
A thumb piece and about half an inch of the round portion of an ordinary tuning
peg, this is fitted so as to come nearly through the hole of the pegbox nearest the
thumb-piece of the peg above mentioned. A square steel wire of about one eight of
an inch in thickness and tapered very thin at one end, it is then put through the
thumbpiece of the peg and riveted. A thread is then cut on the end for about half
an inch down. I then place a small washer on to the wire, after that I put on the
same wire the loose centre part of the peg, this extends to and just enters the
hole on the opposite side of the pegbox. I now place a small nut on the only
part of the wire which remains uncovered and which is tapped to receive it. The
screwing up of this nut, forces the loose centre part of the peg against the washer
and the inside of the pegbox nearest the thumb piece. Thus drawing in the tapered
peg to the required tension. Drawings left with provisional Specification.
I declare that what I claim is
1. The making of a tuning peg so that the tension of the same may be regulated,
and yet when put together in the instrument, appears like an ordinary tuning
peg, with the exception of one small washer inside the pegbox, no metal being
visible.
2. The drawing in of a taper peg by means of pressure against the inside of the
pegbox, caused by turning the small end of the peg.
3. The Introduction of a loose centre part to the peg.
4. The Introduction of a square metal bar running throughout the length of the
peg rounded and tapped at the small end, for the purpose of receiving the point of
the peg.
2
די
1000
Improvements in Advertising Apparatus in Connection with Lamps.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th July, 1889-Accepted, 24th Aug., 1859
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Advertising Apparatus in Connection with Lamps.
I JAMES HOWCROFT, 4 Glenville Terrace, Coatham, Redcar, in the County of York,
Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
•
This invention relates to the construction of an apparatus in connection with Lamps
or Lanterns, which may be lighted by Gas, Oil, or other means. This apparatus in no
way interfering with or diminishing the illuminating power of the Lamp or Lantern.
The improved apparatus is constructed as follows. On the top of the ordinary street
or other Lamp I place a cover, the frame of which may be made of any suitable
material and of any desired form or shape. In the sides, top, or around this frame I
fix or place pieces or plates of glass, or any other suitable transparent or opaque
material, on which glass or material is painted or otherwise fixed the words or objects"
wished to be displayed as an advertisment. The apparatus is attached to the Lamp
by any suitable ineans.
Dated this Tali
Intahan 1000
Dated this Twelfth day of October 1989.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Advertising Apparatus in Connection with Lamps.
I JAMES HOWCROFT 4 Glenville Terrace, Coatham, Redear, in the County of York,
Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
This invention relates to the construction of an apparatus in connection with Lamps
or Lanterns which may be lighted by Gas, Oil, or other means. This apparatus in no
way interfering with or diminishing the illuminating power of the Lamp or Lantern.
The improved apparatus is constructed as follows. On the top of the ordinary street
or other Lamp I place a cover the frame of which may be made of any suitable
material and of any desired form or shape. In the sides, top, or around this frame
I fix or place pieces or plates of glass or any other suitable transparent or opaque
material on which glass or material is painted or otherwise fixed the words or objects
wished to be displayed as an advertisment. The apparatus is attached to the Lamp
by any suitable means. I will now proceed to refer to the accompanying drawing
from which the nature of my said invention will be more clearly understood.
A, as per dotted lines is an ordinary street or other Lamp. B, is the frame for
carrying the plates of glass or other transparent or opaque material C on which is
painted or otherwise fixed the words or objects to be displayed. It will be seen that
the apparatus being placed as shewn, D, it in no way interferes with the illuminating
power of the Lamp.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be employed I declare that what I
claim is.
The combination of the frame B and plates C. with the Lamp A substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Improvements in Smoking Tobacco and in Appliances therefor.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Smoking Tobacco and in Appliances therefor.
I WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON of Tideswell, in the County of Derby, Farmer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My object is to facilitate the charging of the bowl of a tobacco pipe and consists in
putting up the tobacco or tobacco leaves in Cigarette paper rolled up to fit the bowl of
the pipe and so when closed in at the ends practically forming a cartridge of smoking
material. I prefer to moisten the top of the cartridge with touch" to facilitate the
lighting and I perforate the bottom to provide for draught or ventilation.
"
In some cases I enclose a porous plug within and at the bottom of the cartridge or
place the same in the bowl of the pipe take up the Nicotine.
Dated this 14th day of December 1888.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office, 55, Market Street, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Smoking Tobacco and in Appliances therefor.
I WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON of Tideswell in the County of Derby, Farmer
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My object is to facilitate the charging of the bowl of a tobacco pipe and consists in
putting up the tobacco or tobacco leaves in cigarette or other suitable paper roller up
to fit the bowl of the pipe and so when closed in at the ends practically forming a
cartridge of smoking material. I prefer to moisten the top of the cartridge so formed
with a solution of salt-petre in water (or as employed in the manufacture of touch
paper for fireworks) to facilitate the lighting and I perforate the bottom to provide for
draught or ventilation.
In some cases I enclose a porous plug within and at the bottom of the cartridge or
place the same in the bowl of the pipe to take up the nicotine.
In this manner I manufacture what may be termed "smoking cartridges
"which
may be put up in a box or packet and thus are conveniently disposed for use or
sale.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The improved means of putting up tobacco for facilitating the charging of
tobacco pipes substantially as herein before described.
2. In the putting up of tobacco the employment of cartridge cases adapted to fit
the bowl of the pipe substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office, 55, Market Street, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Jan., 1889
I, FREDERICK JOHNSON MARTIN, Merchant, 101/2 Wood Street Cheapside, London,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of an entirely new method of producing electricity for
illuminating railway or other carriages the motion of which is sufficiently rapid for
my purpose and which I proceed to describe as applicable to railway carriages.
I provide a small dynamo-electric machine and attach to the spindle of the
armature or to gain greater speed to a wheel geared to the said spindle a revolving
fan the radiating sails of which I set obliquely this I place in an exposed position
on the carriage facing the direction of the train the high resistance of the air
during the rapid motion of the train causes the fan wheel to revolve with great
velosity and in one direction thereby inducing a strong current of electricity in the
dynamo which may be conveyed by wires to incandescence lamps direct or through
secondary or storage batteries which will continue a supply of accumulated electricity
to the lamps when the train is not in motion.
T0041y of Tony 188s

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Means for Driving Dynamos upon Railway and other Carriages.
1, FREDERICK JOHNSON MARTIN merchant of 101 & 102 Wood Street Cheapside
London do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention provides the means for producing electricity for illuminating railway
or other carriages.the motion of which is sufficiently rapid for my purpose and which
I proceed to describe as applicable to railway carriages.
I provide a small dynamo electric machine Figure 1 in accompanying drawing and
attach to the revolving spindle of the armature a or to gain greater speed to a wheel
geared to the said spindle-a fan wheel e the radiating sails & Figure 2 of which are
set obliquely and placed in an exposed position upon the carriage facing the direction
of the train, the high resistance of the air during the rapid motion of the train causes
the fan wheel & Figures 1 and 2 to revolve with great velosity, thereby inducing a strong
current of electricity in the dynamo which may be conveyed by wires to incandescent
or other electrical lamps direct or through secondary or storage batteries or
accumulators which will continue the supply of electricity when the train is not
in motion.
For convenience more than one fan wheel may be used instead of one of
larger size.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
A means for driving a small dynamo electric machine for illuminating railway
or other carriages by connecting the armature with a fan wheel which the rapid
motion of the train-upon which it is placed in an exposed position-causes to
revolve in the manner and for the purpose above described.
Dated this 29th day of October 1888.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Paraoxybenzoic Acid.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1889-Accepted, 21st Sept., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Paraoxybenzoic
Acid.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by Dr. F. von Heyden (Nachfolger) of the Chemical
Works Radebeul near Dresden Saxony (German Empire) and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
It is well known that paraoxybenzoic acid is produced by heating Salicylate of
potassium to 210° Celsius or by passing carbonic acid gas over potassium phenate at
a temperature of from 200° to 220° Celsius.
In each case the basic potassium salt of the paraoxybenzoic acid is produced, while
one half of the phonel is separated off.
PROTEC
1. 2 C. H.
B
CO OK
OH
1
CO OK
1
-
2
= C. H
OK
4
+ C, H, O + CO,
2. 2 C. H₂
OK + CO₂ = C₂ H₁
CO OK
1
OK 4
+ C H¸ O.
6
***

page_text: atmospheric pressure in open vessels as in the processes hitherto used the manufacture
or production be conducted in a closed vessel at a pressure higher than that of the
atmosphere:
CO OK
1
(1º) C₂ H₂
=
OH
2
C₁ FI₁
CO OK
OH
1
4; or,
CO OK
1
CO OK
1
(1b) C. H
==
OK
2
6
C₂ H
OK
4 and,
(2) C₁ H
OK + CO₂ =
C₂ H₂.
CO OK
...
1
OH 4
***
The invention may be performed by taking dry salicylate of potassium or basic
salicylate of potassium and heating to from 180° to 250° Celsius in a closed vessel
under a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, or by taking dry potassium
phenate and heating from 180° to 250° Celsius in a closed vessel under pressure greater
than that of the atmosphere and forcing into the heated mass dry carbonic acid gas
until the said mass ceases to absorb the said carbonic acid gas.
The paraoxybenzoic salt, manufactured or produced as hereinbefore described is
dissolved in water and the paraoxybenzoic acid is precipitated out by means of a
mineral acid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :—
1. In the production or manufacture of paraoxybenzoic acid, heating to 180° Celsius
or upwards, salicylate of potassium or basic salicylate of potassium in a closed vessel
under a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
2. In the production or manufacture of paraoxybenzoic acid, passing dry carbonic
acid into potassium phenate in a closed vessel under pressure greater than that of the
atmosphere and at a temperature of 180° Celsius or upwards.
Dated this 31st day of July 1889
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.
Year: 1888

page_text: I, RICHARD HOPE WILSON, of Bank Street, Port Fairy, in the Colony of Victoria,
General Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention consists of improved hedge trimming and pruning shears which are
made very light to be convenient for handling and at the same time be more
efficient than the shears now in general use. The cutting edge of the cutting blade
is curved and it and the guard are pivotally secured together by a through rivet, their
stems extending backwards and set slightly so as to bring their wood handles into a
line with one another without having to recess or half-check the blades. To regulate
the distance to which the blades close I form a projecting stop or finger which stands
out far enough from the back stem of the guard to abut against the back stem of the
cutter blade.
In the attached drawings
Figure 1 shews a full size side view of the shears and
Figure 2 an edge view of them, while
Figures 3 and 4 are cross sections respectively of the guard A and the cutting
blade B at the lines a a and b b respectively.
A is the guard, B the cutting blade and B₁ the pivotal rivet. C is the projecting
finger or stop made out of the solid steel. E the handles made preferably of ash and
about two feet in length. E' their ferrules and E² the transverse pins for securing
the handles to their stems. F is a bough or branch in position between the cutting
blade and the guard.
The guard and cutting blade are made of solid steel throughout, and untempered
except that part of the blade which cuts, thus they will not bend nor suap with heavy
pressure. The formation of the guard gives the extra cutting power, the bend being
close to the rivet retains the bough to allow the blade to cut gradually through it.
The points of the blades being straight can enter freely between the branches and
trim the small wood. The finger or stop as constructed allows the handles to be
closed with a smart blow without straining the rivet.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
My improved hedge trimming and pruning shears formed and constructed with one
cutting blade and one guard plate fastened in the handles as described and with a
finger or stop made out of the solid steel substantially as herein described and
explained and as illustrated in my drawings.
Dated this Tenth day of April One thousand eight hundred and eighty eight.
Year: 1888

page_text: JOHN LANGSTAFFE Engineer, of Albert Cottage, Battersea Rise, Clapham
London, S. W. and HENRY DANIEL PECKOVER, Electrician of 32 Museum Street,
Bloomsbury London, W.C. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-—
Our invention relates to the softening & purifying of water, & the prevention of
incrustation, by collecting the impure, earthy mineral and other matters held in
suspension or solution in water, by heating or boiling water in any vessel containing
our apparatus. The Invention consists of a metal ring or washer made or either iron,
zinc, copper or other substances found most suitable. In this ring or washer we place
a certain quantity of vegetable or any other fibre, or metallic wire, or other suitable
substances. By turning up the fibre or other matter placed through the ring, at right
angles, or nearly so, or both sides of the centre ring until the two sides meet, we form
a flat circular washer of the fibre or other substance placed through the centre ring.
On both sides of this flat washer of fibre, or other substance employed, wo place a
ring or washer made of metal china or other suitable substance. By placing a nutted
bolt through the centre of the whole we screw or otherwise fasten together the
apparatus in its complete form. The apparatus is placed in the bottom or any other
part found most suitable of any vessel used to heat or boil water in-and attracts to
itself when the fluid is heated all impurities or earthy mineral matter existing in the
water. If desired by making the centre or inner washer or ring of zinc and one of
the outer washers of zinc & copper or copper alone we secure galvanic action
between the centre & outside washers, when the apparatus is placed in a vessel
containing warm or boiling water.

page_text: We make the outside washers either as a separate or combined washer, or a washer
made of two or more metals or other suitable substances. To shew more fully our
invention we append the accompanying drawings.
On Sheet 1 we shew a sectional drawing of our apparatus, as made in one shape.
Fig. A. Sheet 1 is the centre ring or washer. Fig. B. Sheet 1 is the fibre or other
substance employed. Fig. Sheet 1. is a metallic or other washer. Fig. D. Sheet 1, is
also a washer. Fig. E. Sheet 1. is the bolt or other article used to fasten the apparatus
together. On sheet 2 we show a flat drawing of our apparatus. Fig. F. Sheet 2 is
the washer. Fig. G. Sheet 2. is the fibre or other substance employed.
Sheet 2. is the bolt or other article used to fasten the apparatus together.
Fig. H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :--
The apparatus as fully sot forth and described in the above specification and
drawings.
An Unbreakable and Light Metallic Racing and Riding Saddle "Tree" and Improved Panel.
Year: 1888

page_text: An Unbreakable and Light Metallic Racing and Riding Saddle
"Tree" and Improved Panel.
I, ARTHUR WILLIAM MCLEOD KEEN of 76 Chancery Lane Melbourne, in the Colony
of Victoria, Australia, Saddler, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings in which Figure 1 is a perspective view and Figure 2 is a plan of my
improved saddle tree :-
The object of my invention is the construction of an unbreakable racing and riding
saddle of stronger and yet lighter materials than those used in the saddles now in
Also in considerably lessening the time and labour necessary to the making of
racing and riding saddles.
use.
To effect such purpose I make the "tree" or skeleton A A A of my improved
saddle of a metallic structure and that throughout, I construct the same of wrought
or cast metal in rounded or flat form, welded, rivetted, brazed, or otherwise joined, or
stamped out in one solid piece. The said "tree" or framework A A A is by such
means rendered more pliable in character and lighter in weight and yet quite
unbreakable. I thus cure the faults of ordinary saddles of which the "tree" is
made of wood pieced or lined with iron bracings screwed onto same and always
liable to breakage. To the ordinary gullet or neck piece of this saddle "tree" A A A
I clamp and braze two other gullet pieces B, B' placed parallel to the first. The
gullet piece B place an inch from the ordinary gullet and the other B' is placed
one inch behind the gullet piece B. I employ these extra gullet pieces for the purpose
of binding and strengthening the "tree."
The panel or inner covering of such "tree" is manufactured by mne from two
cuttings of felt or spongeo piline joined lengthways (at extremities) down the centre,
such method of manufacture replacing the present form of panel making in three
layers of sheepskin, serge and flock and greatly reducing the time and labour of
manufacture.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction of the saddle "tree" of metal only and as above specified.
2. The additional two gullet pieces binding and strengthening the "tree" and
clamped or otherwise fixed to same.
3. The construction of the panel or inner covering of such "tree" in the manner
above specified.
4. The making of a saddle by the means specified of a stronger, lighter and
unbreakable character and in a more expeditious manner.
Dated this 50th dox of May 1888
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 11th Feb., 1889
Complete Soecification Accepted, 18th May, 1889
JULIUS GOODMAN 39 Ravenhurst Road Harborne Staffordshire Commercial
Travellor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I make an India-Rubber Air-proof Cushion filled with air. This cushion is of
such a shape that it will fit or be round the hard or soft place & keep the boot or
clothing off such place. This cushion will be fixed to the skin by a medicated
cement or otherwise fixed.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Treatment of Corns, Bunions, Blisters, and
the like.
JULIUS GOODMAN 39 Ravenhurst Road Harborne Staffordshire Commercial
Travellor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
I make an India-Rubber Air-Proof cushion filled with air. This cushion A is of
such a shape that it will fit or be round the hard or soft place and keep the boot or
clothing off such place. This Cushion will be fixed to the skin by a medicated cement
or otherwise fixed, as by a band or tape B waterproofed or covered on both sides with
unvulcanized India-Rubber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven- 1
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The Hollow India-Rubber Air-Cushion A which relieves the pressure of the
boot & yet is soft to the foot and a perfect spring.
2nd. The fixing by India Rubber Solution by itself or spread on a tape or band B
Dated this 11th day of February 1889
JULIUS GOODMAN.
An Improvement in the Manufacture of Gloves.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Mar., 1889-Accepted, 15th June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Manufacture of Gloves.
1 JOHN GREENWELL RAYMOND of Yeovil in the County of Somerset Glove
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The glove is piqué sewn with two seams throughout the fingers thumbs and side
seams instead of the usual method of sewing these parts with one seam only.
DLA
1000
JOHN G. RAYMOND.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Manufacture of Gloves.
I JOHN GREENWELL RAYMOND of Yeovil in the County of Somerset Glove
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The glove is made similarly to an ordinary piqué sewn glove only instead of being
sewn with one seam the glove piqué sewn with two seams throughout the fingers
thumb and side seams. The dotted lines in the drawing annexed hereto shew the
position and arrangement of the two seams referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
The method or mode of manufacturing gloves sewn throughout the fingers thumbs
and side seams with two seams instead of one seam only.
Dated this 1st day of March 1889.
E. J. L. MAGGS,
16, Hanover Square, W., Agent for the above named John Greenwell Raymond.