IMPROVEMENTS IN THE OUTLET OR JET PIPES OF FIRE ENGINES, HIGH-PRESSURE MAINS, AND OTHER APPARATUS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE OUTLET OR JET PIPES OF FIRE ENGINES,
HIGH-PRESSURE MAINS, AND OTHER APPARATUS."-A communication from
abroad by Jan Anthony Muller, of Amsterdam, in the Kingdom of
Holland.
Sealed the 25th April 1871, and dated the 27th October 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th October 1870.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE OUTLET OR JET PIPES OF FIRE
ENGINES, HIGH-PRESSURE MAINS, AND OTHER APPARATUS," a communication to
me from abroad by Jan Anthony Muller, of Amsterdam, in the Kingdom
of Holland, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in using an outlet pipe having a circular bore
partly parallel and partly in the shape of two inverted cones with their

page_text: smaller diameters placed together to form a contraction, and also in
establishing a free communication between the inside of the outlet pipe
and the atmospheric air, the communication being obtained by one or
more passages near the part of the bore where the greatest contraction
exists, and introduced either outside or inside the jet as desired.
With the ordinary outlet or jet pipes the water or fluid meets with
the resistance of the atmospheric pressure in such a way that the
pressure of one atmosphere or thereabouts is lost to overcome the said
resistance, but by establishing a communication between the inside of
the pipe near its outlet and the air the resistance against the jet is over-
come, and the jet will be thrown considerably further than with the
present arrangement of outlet or jet pipes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special
licence that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Thomas
Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE OUTLET OR JET PIPES OF FIRE ENGINES, HIGH-PRESSURE
MAINS, AND OTHER APPARATUS," a communication to me from abroad by
Jan Anthony Muller, of Amsterdam, in the Kingdom of Holland, upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes,

page_text: my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Figures
on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon (that is to say) :-
:-
This Invention consists in the construction and employment of outlet
pipes, each having a bore partly parallel and partly in the shape of two
inverted cones with their smaller diameters placed together to form a
contraction, and also in establishing a free communication between the
inside of the outlet pipe and the atmospheric air either in its natural or
compressed state, the communication being obtained by one or more
passages near the part of the bore where the greatest contraction exists,
the air being introduced either outside or inside the jet as desired.
With the ordinary outlet or jet pipes the water or fluid meets with
the resistance of the atmospheric air in such a manner that the pressure
of one atmosphere or thereabouts is lost to overcome the said resistance,
but by establishing a communication between the inside of the pipe
near its outlet and the air the resistance against the jet is overcome,
and the jet will be thrown considerably further than with the present
arrangement of outlet or jet pipes.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figs. 1 and 2 are sections of
the outlet ends of two of my improved outlet or jet pipes, the air being
intended to act on the outside or exterior of the jet in Fig. 1, and in the
inside in Fig. 2. In both Figures a, b, represents the contracted part of
the pipe, and c the air passages, the arrows in the bores of the pipes
indicating the flow of the water and the other arrows the flow of the
air.
I have only shown two forms of the outlet ends of jet pipes, but these
improvements are to be applied to all descriptions of jet pipes whether
used for fire engines, water mains, fountains, or any required purpose.

page_text: Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention,
and the and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire
it to be understood that I claim the contracted parts near the ends of the
outlet or jet pipes, and also the passages for the admission of air either
in its natural or compressed state, as herein described and illustrated
in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.