Improvements in Machinery Employed in Breaking Up and Pulling Cotton.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 17th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery Employed in Breaking Up and
Pulling Cotton.
We, WILL LORD, of the Firm of Lord Brothers, of Canal Street Works,
Todmorden, in the County of York, Machine Makers, and SAMUEL NEWELL, in
the employ of the said Firm, Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in what are known as breaking and
pulling machines for opening cotton as it is taken from the bale and the object of
our invention is to improve the working and increase the efficiency of such
machines.
In breaking and pulling machines of the ordinary construction the rollers in each
pair are driven at the same speed but the successive pairs of rollers are driven at
an accelerated speed. According to our improvements we propose to drive the top
and bottom rollers forming each pair at different speeds and each successive pair at
an accelerated speed by which means the cotton is much more effectively broken up
and pulled.
The surfaces of the rollers may be spiked, fluted or otherwise prepared to act
upon the fibre to the best advantage.
Dated this 16th day of Mov 1802
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
Agents for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery Employed in Breaking Up and
Pulling Cotton.
We, WILL LORD, of the Firm of Lord Brothers, of Canal Street Works,
Todmorden, in the County of York, Machine Makers, and SAMUEL NEWELL, in
the employ of the said Firm, Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in what are known as breaking and
pulling machines for opening cotton as it is taken from the bale and the object of
our invention is to improve the working and increase the efficiency of such
machines.
In breaking and pulling machines of the ordinary construction the rollers in each
pair are driven at the same speed but the successive pairs of rollers are driven at
an accelerated speed. According to our improvements we propose to drive the top
and bottom rollers forming each pair at different speeds, and each successive pair at
an accelerated speed, by which means the cotton is much more effectively broken up
and pulled.
The surfaces of the rollers may be spiked, fluted or otherwise prepared to act
upon the fibre to the best advantage.
And in order that our invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect we will describe the accompanying drawing which shows in side sectional
elevation a bale breaker fitted with our improvements.
In this view, a designates the frame of the machine, the driving shaft, c the
driving pulley to which motion is given by a belt, not shown, d is the feed lattice,
and ef,gh,ij, kl, are four pairs of breaking or pulling rollers, and e¹ƒ¹³, g¹ h¹‚i¹j', k¹and l¹

page_text: their respective shafts or axles. According to our improvements as already stated
we drive the top roller in each pair at a different speed to that given to its companion
roller, and this may be effected in a variety of ways.
P.
For example in the arrangement shown a gear m is mounted on the driving shaft /
and drives the larger wheel n of a double gear n n' fixed on the axle of the bottom
roller. The smaller wheel n¹ gears into the larger wheel o' of a double carrier on
a stud
the smaller wheel of driving the larger gear fixed on the bottom roller
axle j on which is also fixed the smaller gear pl which drives the double carrier q' q*
fixed on a stud. The small carrier wheel q' drives a gear fixed on the bottom
roller axle and the gearr drives the double carrier ¹² fixed on a stud s.
The
small carrier wheel drives the large wheel of a double gear t t fixed on the
bottom roller axle f¹ and the smaller wheel drives a carrier u¹ on a stud and
the carrier drives a gear o on a stud v which also carries the pulley * which
supports one end of and drives the feed lattice d.
of
The gearing described for driving the bottom rollers f, h, j, l, and the feed lattice d
is all placed at one end of the rollers, and at the other end, or it might be at the
same end, are fixed a series of toothed wheels w having any suitable number of teeth,
one such wheel w on each of the axles f¹, j', ', . On the axles e', g', ' and k',
the top rollers are fixed a second series of toothed wheels. each of which is in gear
with the corresponding toothed wheel w on the axle of its bottom roller, and as
each wheel has a smaller number of teeth than the wheel w from which it is
driven, it follows that each top roller has a different speed to that of its bottom
aroller.
Also by means of the arrangement of gearing described for driving the bottom
rollers we obtain an accelerated surface speed for each successive pair of rollers,
that is to say, the pair ef, is the slowest, and the pair k 1, the quickest running pair
of rollers.
The cotton is delivered by the feed lattice d to the first pair of pulling rollers ef
and thence it passes forward and is pulled out and opened by the successive
pairs gh, ij, kl, the difference of speeds in the top and bottom rollers in each pair
having a combing and pulling action which is found far more effective than the
simple pulling action of the ordinary machines in which the top and bottom pulling
rollers in each pair are driven at the same surface speed.
The size of the spiked or otherwise suitably prepared pulling rollers and the
graduation of the speeds of each successive pair may be varied or modified in any
way which may be found advantageous or desirable, without departing from the
nature of our invention, the essential feature of which consists in imparting a
different speed of rotation to each of the two rollers comprising a pair. For
example, although we prefer to run the successive pairs of pulling rollers at
gradually accelerated speeds we might as an alternative run them at the same
speeds.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The arrangement use and application of any convenient number of pairs of
spiked or otherwise suitably prepared pulling rollers, the two rollers forming each
pair being driven at different surface speeds the one to the other substantially as
herein set forth.
2. The combination and general arrangement of parts embodying our improve-
ments in cotton breaking and pulling machinery substantially as herein described
with reference to the accompanying drawing.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for Applicants.