IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SPINNING TWISTING AND WINDING
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Win. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR SPINNING TWISTING AND WINDING a communication to me from
abroad by Jean Jacques Bourcart, of Zurich, Switzerland to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for spinning, twisting or
winding filamentous or other materials by means of a flexible, or rigid and loosely
mounted flyer vibrating or swinging somewhat after the manner of a comical
pendulum around a spindle or its equivalent and not necessarily turning about
itself and which may either be driven by nechanism or carried round by the yarn
In order that the invention may be more readily understood I will proceed to
describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings in which figure 1 shows a
typical form of flyer figure 2 shows a flyer forined of a twisted wire, figure 3 shows
a Hyer with one or more adjustable parts, figure 4 shows a flyer formed of a straight
wire clamped at one end, figure 5 shows a flyer formed of a hent or twisted wire
hung freely, figure 6 shows a flyer formed of a looped wire, figure 7 shows a flyer
mounted adjustably in a ring, figure 8 shows an adjustable flyer provided with an
adjustable eye or loop, figure 9 shows a flyer mounted on a universal joint,
figure 10 shows a flyer terminated by a movable finger, figure 11 shows a tubular
flyer, figure 12 shows a cam for operating one or several flyers, figure 13 shows a
wharve operating a flyer, figure 14 shows a pair of cranks for operating a set of
flyers, figure 15 shows a flyer on a universal joint combined with a loose ring,
figure 16 shows a flyer combined with a disc or cap, on the spindle, figure 17 shows
on a larger scale one form of the end of the flyer, figure 18 shows a modification
in which the end of the flyer is of disc form, figure 19 shows the end of a flyer of
corkscrew form, figure 20 shows the end of a flyer with a tinger turning upon it,
figure 21 shows the end of a flyer with a finger like that of a presser flyer,
figures 22 and 23 show another form of the end of a flyer.
Referring to the typical form of flyer shown in figure 1, it consists of a wire a,
secured by a set screw in a part b, and guided by the stem c, which varies its

page_text: position relatively to the revolving spindle d, between the points a, b, to a¹, b1, by
any suitable means which it is unnecessary to here describe. The Byer a, has an
eye x, at its extremity through which the yarn f, is led from the delivery rolls e to
the bobbin g for winding it thereon after receiving a twist or not as desired.
The yarn f being passed through the eye x, in the end of the flyer (see figure 17)
and attached to the spindle d, the latter by its rotation tends to wind the yarn
upon the bobbin g.
By the drag of the yarn the flexible flyer a, is caused to describe a movement
around the spindle but without turning on itself and in this manner the yarn is
twisted. The flyer owing to its eccentric position tending to turn about another
axis than that of the spindle and thus offering at each revolution a resistance which
produces the winding on- -The eye x, being at the extreme end of the flyer the
yarn never becomes coiled thereon. To build or form the bobbin, a vertical
reciprocating motion is imparted either to the flyer or spindle so as to change their
relative positions as in ordinary spinning machines. The arrangement shown in
figure 1 illustrates the principle upon which the invention is based, but the forms
and modes of mounting the flyers may be infinitely varied. The flyer may be
flexible or elastic or rigid and so mounted by a joint or otherwise as to allow of
its yielding.
The following are some of the variations of the apparatus. The flyer may be
made in various forms according to circumstances some of which are represented in
figures 1 to 16-the flyer may be bent in any suitable manner (figures 2, 5, 6); it
may be adjustable and clamped by means of a screw (figures 13 and 4); it may
be provided with a guide finger o, for the yarn (figures 5, 8, 9 and 10). The flyers
shown in figures 9, 10 11 13, 15 are mounted on a universal joint while in figures 6,
7, 15, 16 they receive a drag for the purpose of effecting the winding from a ring n,
or m. Figures 10, 11 & show tubular. flyers-The end of the flyer may be
differently formed and may either have a simple eye as in figure 17, an attached
disc as in figure 18 an interior spiral as in figure 19 a balance guide finger turning
about its end as in figures 20 and 21 or with a guide finger inserted in a clip on
the end of the flyer, as in figures 22, 23 &c.
The winding may be effected by movement of the flyer around the spindle
mechanically produced-This may be effected in a great number of ways of which
three only are here shown. In figure 12 the cam 1, oscillates rod b, to which a
series of flyers a, is attached, from a, to a¹ and thus effects the winding on.
figure 13 a grooved wharve or gear wheel v swings each flyer from a to a¹.
In
In figure 14 the rod b, carrying the flyers a, is driven at both ends by means of
bevel gear ij and cranks p, p-It will be understood that the spindles whether
provided with a cop tube or bobbin or not, may be of any kind either inclined,
vertical or horizontal, fixed, provided with a drag, or driven by a cord, band, gear
wheels, friction &c. It is also evident that the forms of the flyers and of their
ends, as also the manner of imparting the winding motion may be varied-The
motion of the spindles need not be continuous and they may have a motion as
in mules.
The flyer of this Invention may be combined with all kinds of spinning machines
or annaratus now in use.

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Spinning, Twisting, and
Winding.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Jean Jacques Bourcart, of Zurich, Switzerland) and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for spinuing, twisting, or
winding filamentous or other materials by means of a flexible, or rigid and loosely
mounted, flyer gyrating or vibrating somewhat after the manner of a revolving
pendulum around a spindle or its equivalent and not necessarily turning about
itself, and which may either be driven by mechanism or carried round by the yarn.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood, I will proceed to
describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1, shows
a typical form of flyer; Figure 2, shows a flyer formed of a twisted wire Figure 3,
shows a flyer with one or more adjustable parts Figure 4, shows a flyer formed
of a straight wire clamped at one end; 'Figure 5, shows a flyer formed of a bent
or twisted wire hung freely Figure 6, shows a flyer formed of a looped wire;
Figure 7, shows a flyer mounted adjustably in a ring; Figure 8, shows an adjustable
flyer provided with an adjustable eye, or loop; Figure 9, shows a flyer mounted on
a universal joint; Figure 10, shows a flyer terminated by a movable finger;
Figure 11, shows a tubular flyer; Figure 12, shows a cam for operating one, or
several flyers; Figure 13; shows a wharve operating a flyer; Figure 14, shows a
pair of cranks for operating a set of flyers; Figure 15, shows a flyer on a universal
joint combined with a loose ring, Figure 16, shows a dyer combined with a disc, or
cap, on the spindle; Figure 17, shows, on a larger scale, one form of the end of the
flyer; Figure 18, shows a modification in which the end of the flyer is of disc
form; Figure 19, shows the end of a flyer of corkscrew form; Figure 20, shows
the end of a flyer with a finger turning concentrically upon it; Figure 21, shows
the end of a flyer with a finger like that of a presser flyer; Figures 22, and 23,
show another form of the end of a flyer.
Referring to the typical form of flyer shown in Figure 1. it consists of a wire a
secured by a set-screw in a part b and guided by the stem c which varies its
position relatively to the revolving spindle d between the points a b to a¹ b¹
by any suitable means which it is unnecessary to here describe. The flyer a
has an eye at its extremity through which the yarn f is led from the delivery
rolls e to the bobbin g for winding it thereon, after receiving a twist, or not, as
desired. The yarn being passed through the eye x in the end of the flyer (see
Figure 17,) and attached to the spindle d, the latter by its rotation tends to wind
the yarn upon the bobbin g. By the drag of the yarn the flexible flyer a is caused
to describe a movement around the spindle but without turning on itself and in
this manner the yarn is twisted; the flyer, owing to its eccentric position, tending
to turn about another axis than that of the spindle and thus offering at each

page_text: revolution a resistance which produces the winding on-The eye x béing at the
extreme end of the flyer, the yarn never becomes coiled thereon. To build or
form the bobbin, a vertical reciprocating motion is imparted either to the flyer or
spindle so as to change their relative positions, as in ordinary spinning machines.
The arrangement shown in Figure 1, illustrates the principle upon which the
Invention is based; but the forms and modes of mounting the flyers may be
infinitely varied. The flyer may be flexible, or elastic, or rigid, and so mounted, by
a joint or otherwise, as to allow of its yielding.
The following are some of the variations of the apparatus. The flyer may be
made in various forms according to circumstances, some of which are represented in
Figures 1, to 16. The Byer may be bent in any suitable manner (Figures 2, 5, 6)
it may be adjustable and clamped by means of a screw (Figures 1, 3, and 4) it
may be provided with a guide finger o for the yarn (Figures 5, 8, 9 and 10). The
flyers shown in Figures 9, 10, 11, 13, 15 are mounted on a universal joint; while
in Figures, 6, 7, 15, 16, they receive a drag for the purpose of effecting the winding
from a ring n or m. Figures 10, 11 &c show tubular flyers. The end of the flyer
may be differently formed and may either have a simple eye, as in Figure 17; an
attached disc, as in Figure 18; an interior spiral, as in Figure 19; a balance guide-
finger turning about its end, as in Figures 20 and 21; or with a guide-finger
inserted in a clip on the end of the flyer, as in Figures 22-23 etc.
In
The winding may be effected by a movement of the flyer around the spindle
mechanically produced. This may be effected in a great number of ways, of which
three only are here shown. In Figure 12, the camoscillates rod bk to which a
series of flyers a is attached, from a to a¹ and thus effects the .winding on.
Figure 13, a grooved wharve or gear wheel v swings each flyer from a to a¹. In
Figure 14, the rod b carrying the flyers a is driven at both ends by means of bevel
gear ij and cranks p p¹. It will be understood that the spindles, whether
provided with a cop, tube, or bobbin, or not, may be of any kind; either inclined,
vertical, or horizontal, fixed, provided with a drag, or driven by a cord, band,.gear-
wheels, friction, etc. It is also evident that the forms of the flyers and of their
ends, as also the manner of imparting the 'winding motion may be varied;-the
motion of the spindles need not be continuous, and they may have a backing off
motion as in mules. The flyer of this Invention may be combined with all kinds
of spinning machines, or apparatus, now in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention; and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is
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1st The employment, in all kinds of machines for spinning, twisting, or winding,
filamentous, or other, materials; of a tubular or solid flyer a of any suitable form,
gyrating or vibrating around a spindle d or its equivalent, and not necessarily
turning about its own axis, and whether driven by mechanism,, or carried round by
the yarn, as herein-before described.
2nd The combination, with a flyer a which does not turn about itself, of a
tubular or solid tinger turning about the end of the flyer as an axis, as described.
3rd The several arrangements of apparatus, herein described, and illustrated in
Figures 1, to 23, of the Drawings.