CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSFERRING IN OBTAINING IMPRESSIONS OF PRINTS OR DRAWINGS, AND PRINTING, AND COLORING OR ORNAMENTING THE SAME ON GLASS OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Cornides, of No. 4, Trafalgar Square (Office
for Patents), Charing Coss, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN TRANSFERRING
IN OBTAINING IMPRESSIONS OF PRINTS OR DRAWINGS, AND
PRINTING, AND COLORING OR ORNAMENTING THE
SAME ON GLASS OR OTHER
SURFACES
"
Sealed the 18th March 1856, and dated the 19th September 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Cornides at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th September 1855.
1, LOUIS CORNIDES, of No. 1, Trafalgar Square (Office for Patents), Charing
Cross, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING IMPRESSIONS OF PRINTS OR DRAWINGS, AND IN TRANS-
PERRING, PRINTING, AND COLORING OR ORNAMENTING THE SAME ON GLASS OR OTHER
SURFACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements upon a former Patent
granted unto me, the said Louis Cornides, on the Twenty-sixth of
September, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, No. 2065, intituled
"A new mode of manufacturing a transparent medium, plain, printed,
and colored, of gelatine in combination with other substances."
The nature of the improvements which constitute this present Inven-
tion, and the means by which they may be effected, relate particularly to
an improved mode of obtaining impressions of prints or drawings, and in

page_text: transferring printing, and coloring or ornamenting the same on glass or
other surfaces, when such surfaces are coated or covered with a medium
composed of gelatine or animal glue in combination with other substances,
as set forth in the Specification of my said former Patent, No. 2065.
I now proceed to describe the features of novelty which constitute the
present improvements in the mode of obtaining impressions on glass
coated with a transparent medium, as described in the Specification of my
said former Patent, No. 2065, by transferring lithographic impressions
thereonto, as follows:-
First, the impressions being made on ordinary lithographic transfer
paper, and whilst the ink is green or unset, I coat or cover the surface
of the print with metallic powder of any desired color.
The glass (coated as before described) upon which the impression pre-
pared as above is to be transferred is placed in a frame, and then subjected
to the following processes-I use two vessels, both containing clear
water. Into one of these vessels I carefully place the impression face
uppermost upon the surface of the water, and leave it there until it is
completely saturated. I then remove it from this vessel, and immediately
place it face downwards upon the coated surface of the glass, which is in
the other vessel, containing water; and having done this, I then lift the
frame containing the glass until it comes into contact with the print, and
then lift them together out of the water; the effect of which is to cause
pressure of the atmosphere upon the exposed surface of the print, and by
these means to exclude as far as practicable the presence of air between
the contact surfaces of the coated glass and the transfer print, and in
this state I leave them to dry, and when dry I place the whole in a
steeping bath containing a solution of any of the known salts of alumina
for a short time; I then take them out of said bath and remove the
saturated paper from the coated surface of the glass. By the above
process the print will be thoroughly impressed and incorporated with the
gelatine which is upon the surface of the glass. When it is desired to
colour the prints transferred as above, I give a second coating of gelatine
(as above described) to the surface of the picture on the glass, and when
such coating is dry, I immerse the glass plate a second time in the before-
mentioned steeping bath, which operates as a mordant for fixing the
colours.
I now proceed to describe the features of novelty which constitute the
present improvements in the coloring process, which consists in coloring
the above prints upon glass, or in coloring glass coated with gelatine not
printed, and afterwards steeping it in the before-mentioned fixing bath.
I employ in and for such coloring process the following ingredients,

page_text: matters, or substances:-Firstly, strong boiled linseed oil of commerce,
either with or without acetates, carbonates, or oxides of lead, or any other
substance which will resist the penetration of the dyeing solutions em-
ployed; secondly, I use an ordinary stencil plate or plates, according to
the different colours; I then cover so much of the surface as is not to be
colored with the prepared oil by the use of a stencil plate or by block
printing, and then apply the coloring matter, prepared according to my
said former Patent, to the uncovered surface.
Another feature in the colouring process consists in printing from
lithographic stones negative pictures, letters, &c. drawn thereon; that is
to say, instead of making the drawing in the usual way, I make those
parts of the drawing dark which are required to be light when finished,
and vice versa, and from such a drawing I print an impression on litho-
graphic transfer paper with a varnish or substance which resists the dyes
or colours, and transfer the drawing on to the coated surface of the glass,
and color the same by the means before described. By this process a
colored picture, positive by transmitted light, is produced; the varnish is
then washed off by means of spirits of turpentine, or other suitable
solvent. When it is desired to employ two or more colours in the same
picture, the same may be effected by repeating the process for each
separate colour.
Another feature in the colouring process consists in the use and employ-
ment of colored glass pulverized to an impalpable powder, and the
application thereof to those parts of the coated surface of the glass which
it is desired to color by means of stencil plates, and moistening the
gelatine at such particular parts.
I now proceed to describe another and important feature in these im-
provements, which consists in giving to pictures or prints produced upon
glass, as above described, a metallic or lustrous appearance, by the use
and employment at the back of the same of the well-known process of
"silvering," as commonly practised by looking-glass manufacturers, and
this in combination with "tinsel paper," tinsel," or "foil," or metallic
powders.
29 06
And, finally, in combining a metallized flexible medium or substance
with printed or colored gelatine upon glass, the metallic surface being
placed in contact with the gelatine. When it is desired to use the com-
bined gelatine and metallized surface as a separate flexible medium, the
gelatine being mixed with ox gall is spread on glass, or any polished
metal surface.
The metallized surface of the paper or other flexible medium is then
applied to the gelatine, and by pressure made to adhere thereto, where-

page_text: upon the combined metallized material and gelatine are removed from the
glass or other polished surface. The gelatine surface is then colored by
the solution herein-after mentioned, and coated with collodion, or by any
of the processes above described, or according to my said former Patent.
Another feature of these improvements consists in the use and applica-
tion of plates of glass coated with gelatine, as before described, for
obtaining impressions from photographic negative pictures, the glass so
coated being subjected to the known photographic processes relating to
the printing of positives from negative pictures, as at present practised on
paper; and I print thereon by the action of light, from either a paper or
a glass negative picture, a positive impression of the same, and the
positive picture thus produced I subject to the steeping bath, as before
stated, and, if required, I also subject the picture to either of the coloring
processes above mentioned.
Lastly, I employ for the purposes of this Invention the following method
for protecting in a more efficient manner than hertofore from atmospheric
influence the plain or colored surfaces of the gelatine used in any of the
processes mentioned in this or my said former Patent, by coating or
covering the same with a solution of explosive cotton in pyroxylic spirit,
combined with gums or resins, as set forth in a Provisional Specification
of a former Patent, No. 745, for which protection was granted unto me,
the said Louis Cornides, on the Third day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-five.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Cornides in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th March 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
CORNIDES, of No. 4, Trafalgar Square (Office for Patents), Charing Cross,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Louis Cornides, Her special licence that I, the said
Louis Cornides, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Louis Cornides, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of

page_text: Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING IMPRESSIONS, OF PRINTS OR
DRAWINGS, AND IN TRANSFERRING PRINTING, AND COLOURING OR ORNAMENTING THE
SAME ON GLASS OR OTHER SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Louis Cornides, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Louis Cornides, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements upon a former Patent
granted unto me, the said Louis Cornides, on the Twenty-sixth of
September, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, No. 2066, intituled
A new mode of manufacturing a transparent medium, plain, printed,
and coloured, of gelatine in combination with other substances."
The nature of the improvements which constitute this present Inven-
tion, and the means by which they may be effected, relate particularly to
an improved mode of obtaining impressions of prints or drawings, and in
transferring printing, coloring, or ornamenting the same on glass or other
surfaces, when such surfaces are coated or covered with a medium com-
posed of gelatine or animal glue in combination with other substances, as
set forth in the Specification of my said former Patent, No. 2066.
I now proceed to describe the features of novelty which constitute the
present improvements in the mode of obtaining impressions on glass,
coated with a transparent medium, as described in the Specification of
my said former Patent, No. 2066, by transferring lithographic or other
impressions thereonto, as follows:-First, the glass (coated as before
described) upon which the impression is to be transferred is placed in a
frame, and then subjected to the following processes:-I carefully place
the impression face uppermost upon the surface of clear water in any
suitable vessel, and leave it there until it is completely saturated; I then
remove it from this vessel, and immediately place it face downwards upon
the coated surface of the glass, which is immersed just under the surface
of clear water in another suitable vessel. Having done this, I then raise
the glass until it comes into contact with the impression, and then lift
them together out of the water; the effect of which is to cause pressure
of the atmosphere upon the exposed surface of the impression, and by

page_text: these means to exclude as far as practicable the pressure of air between
the surfaces of the coated glass and the impression, which are thus brought
into close contact, and in this state I leave them to dry, and when dry
I place the whole in a steeping bath containing a solution of any of the
known salts of alumina for a short time. I then take them out of said
bath, and remove the saturated paper from the coated surface of the
glass. By the above process the print will be thoroughly impressed and
incorporated with the gelatine upon the surface of the glass. When it is
desired to color the impressions transferred as above, I color the same in
the manner mentioned and described in the Specification of my said
former Patent, No. 2066, as described in this Patent.
I now proceed to describe the features of novelty which constitute the
present improvements in the coloring process, which consist in coloring
the gelatined surface of glass with or without printing or transferring
impressions thereon after the same has been steeped in the before-men-
tioned fixing bath; and I employ in and for such coloring process the
following method:-I print from lithographic stones, or in any other
manner, negative impressions; that is to say, instead of making the
drawing in the usual way, I make those parts of the drawing dark which
are required to be light when finished, and vice versa, and from such a
drawing I print an impression on transfer paper with transfer ink or any
other substance which resists the dyes or colors, and transfer the drawing
on to the coated surface of the glass by any means in use, and color the
same by the means before described. By this process a colored picture,
positive by transmitted light, is produced. The transfer ink is then
washed off by spirit of turpentine or other suitable means. When it is
desired to employ two or more colors to produce a colored picture, the
same may be effected by repeating the process for each separate colour, or
by coloring the picture in the manner explained in my said former Patent,
No. 2066.
Another feature in the coloring process consists in the use and employ-
ment of colored glass finely pulverized, and the application thereof to
those parts of the coated surface of the glass which it is desired to color by
means of stencil plates, and moistening the gelatine at such particular
parts.
Another feature of these improvements consists in the use of plates of
glass coated with gelatine, as before described, for obtaining impressions
from photographic negative pictures, by subjecting the glass so coated
with gelatine to the known photographic processes relating to the printing
of positives from negative pictures, as at present practised on paper; and
I print thereon by the action of light, from either a paper or a glass

page_text: negative picture, a positive impression of the same, and a positive picture
thus produced I subject to the steeping bath, as before stated; and if
required, I also subject the picture to either of the coloring or coating
processes mentioned in this Patent.
I now proceed to describe another and important feature in these im-
provements. In order to render any parts of an impression transferred
to the gelatine surface opaque, or in order to produce a strong effect of
light and shade, I adopt the following method:-An impression having
been made on ordinary lithographic transfer paper, I coat or cover the
surface of the print whilst the ink thereof is in a green or moist state with
fine metallic powder, or with finely powdered glass of any desired color,
and I then transfer the same to the surface of the gelatine by any process
in use for that purpose.
Lastly, I employ for the purposes of this Invention the following
method for protecting in a more efficient manner than heretofore from
atmospheric influence the plain, printed, or colored surfaces of the gelatine
used in any of the processes mentioned in this or my said former Patent.
I claim as my Invention, first, the peculiar mode before described of
transferring impressions to the gelatine surface of glass in water, by which
the impression is rapidly and evenly spread over the surface.
Secondly, the process of transferring negative impressions to the
gelatine surface, so as to produce a positive effect or picure by the light
seen through such negative impression, as herein-before described.
Thirdly, the process of sifting fine glass powder on the transferred im-
pression so as to heighten the effect of or color the same.
Fourthly, the use of the gelatined glass surface for the purpose of
making photographic impressions, as above described.
Lastly, the heightening the effect of the transferred impression, or
coloring the same by powdering the impression, as before described, and
then transferring the same so produced to the gelatined surface, as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Cornides, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE, Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square.
LOUIS CORNIDES. (L.S.)