IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR HEATING BUILDINGS AND FOR OTHER HEATING PURPOSES.
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Oram, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Hydraulic Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR HEATING BUILDINGS AND FOR OTHER
HEATING PURPOSES.".
Sealed the 7th July 1868, and dated the 23rd January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Oram at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1868.
I, WILLIAM ORAM, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Hydraulic
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR HEATING BUILDINGS AND
FOR OTHER HEATING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of maintaining a constant
circulating of steam through the pipes employed for heating buildings,
dwellings, glass houses, steam drying cylinders, and other similar
purposes, and also for preventing the accumulation of water. in such
nines.

page_text: The improvements consist in taking or receiving the steam from the
boiler or generator into the first length of pipe, and continuing such
piping to any required length throughout the building and returning
the steam to the boiler, by introducing the last length or other extremity
into the boiler below the water line. A tap or valve is applied at the
entrance pipe to control the admission of steam, and another is provided
at the termination or exit near where the pipe enters the boiler, by
which tap water is withdrawn from the heating pipes, and by such
combined means the constant circulation of the steam is effected and
an increased heat obtained from the pipes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Oram in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ORAM, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Hydraulic Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Oram, Her special license that
I, the said William Oram, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Oram, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might, make use, exercise; and vend within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR
HEATING BUILDINGS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Oram, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands.
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and-
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six.

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Oram, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say): :-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of maintaining a constant
circulation of steam through the pipes employed for heating buildings,
dwellings, glass houses, steam drying cylinders, and other similar
purposes, and also for preventing the accumulation of water in such
pipes.
The improvements consist in taking or receiving the steam from the
boiler or steam generator into the first length of pipe, and continuing
such piping to any required length throughout the building, and
returning the steam to the boiler by introducing the last length or other
extremity into the boiler below the water line. A tap or valve is applied
at the entrance pipe to control the admission of steam, and another is
provided at the termination or exit near where the pipe enters the boiler,
by which tap water is withdrawn from the heating pipes, and by such
combined means the constant circulation of the steam is effected and an
increased heat obtained from the pipes.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained
in detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon
a scale of about one quarter inch to the foot.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section of a portion of a building
representing a warehouse in which the improved arrangement and
adaptation of warming or heating pipes in connection with the boiler is
shewn.
a, a, are the various rooms or compartments of the warehouse,
and b, the basement or ground compartment in which the boiler house c
is constructed; d is the boiler from which the medium sized tube e
extends, and is in communication and connection with the larger
heating or warming pipes f, these pipes are laid in the various floors
or compartments of the warehouse, and in order to effect a circulation
of steam through such pipes they are connected with the boiler by means
of the small pipe g, the bore of which is considerably less than the
pipe e through which the steam first passes from the boiler into the

page_text: large heating-pipes f, thus the aperture by which the steam is returned
to the boiler being less than that into which the steam first passes from
the boiler, a constant circulation is maintained. The pipe h is provided
for the purpose of discharging the water which may have accumulated
in the pipes during the disuse of the boiler, so that when the steam is
turned into the pipes after disuse the tapi in the pipe e is opened
simultaneously with the tap k in the escape or discharge pipe h, the tap k
being kept open until the water which had accumulated in such pipes
during the disuse of the warming apparatus has been discharged, then
the tap k is closed and the tap in the small bore return pipe opened,
thereby effecting a clear course for the steam from and into the boiler
through the pipes e, f, and g, the current or circulation of steam
through the pipes being constantly maintained whilst the taps i and
remains open.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be
distinctly understood that I claim, the method of effecting the circulation
of steam from a boiler through heating pipes and returning it to the
boiler together with the arrangement of pipes, taps, and apparatus
connected therewith as herein-before described, set forth, and fully
illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Oram, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
WILLIAM ORAM. (L.S.)