IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED HAT AND COAT HOOKS, AND IN SINGLE HAT AND COAT. HOOKS OR PEGS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Currie, of Birmingham, in the County of
.
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COMBINED HAT AND COAT HOOKS, AND IN SINGLE HAT AND COAT. HOOKS
OR PEGS."
Sealed the 5th July 1870, and dated the 19th January 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Currie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th January 1870.
I, PETER CURRIE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED HAT AND COAT HOOKS, AND IN SINGLE HAT AND
COAT HOOKS OR PEGS," to be as follows:
--
A combined hat and coat hook consists of a rod or tube bent into a
shape nearly resembling that of the letter S. By means of a front
plate or fixing plate fixed on the lower curved, part the hook may be
attached to a wall or other surface, the upper and lower projecting parts
of the curved rod or tube constituting two hooks or pegs, on the upper
one of which a hat may be placed, and on the lower one a coat may be

page_text: hung. The said front plate or fixing plate consists of a plate to the
middle part of which the curved rod or tube is fixed, the sides of the
plate having holes by which it can be attached to a wall or other
surface.
In making the said front or fixing plate and connecting it to the
curved rod or tube I proceed as follows:-I take a short piece of tubing
of much larger diameter than the said curved rod or tube. I place the
said short piece of tubing upon the curved rod or tube at the part
where the fixing plate is to be attached, and by means of dies or tools
worked in a press or stamp I compress the said short piece of tubing
into the shape of a front plate or fixing plate, at the same time also
compressing that part of the curved rod or tube on which the front or
fixing plate is formed into such a shape that it is incapable of turning
on the said front or fixing plate.
Instead of making the front or fixing plate of a short piece of tubing
as described it may be made of a cast piece of metal cast of nearly
the shape of the finished front or fixing plate. This cast piece is
compressed and fixed upon the curved rod by dies and pressure or
percussion.
'
In order to prevent injury to the hats and coats hung upon said- the
combined hat and coat hooks their ends are usually provided with
spherical terminations of earthenware connected thereto by the end of
the rod passing through the said terminations and fixed by a screw nut.
In connecting the said terminations I make them with holes passing
not quite through them, and I insert the ends of the hooks in the
said holes and fix them by means of glue, shellac, or other adhesive
material.
My improvements are applicable to single hat and coat hooks or pegs
as well as to combined hat and coat hooks.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, a
filed by the said Peter Currie in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th July 1870.
.:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
CURRIE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Currie, Her special licence that
I, the said Peter Currie, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Peter Currie, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED HAT
AND COAT HOOKS, AND IN SINGLE HAT AND COAT HOOKS OR PEGS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Curric, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument. in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Currie, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
A combined hat and coat hook consists of a rod or tube bent into a
shape nearly resembling that of the letter S. By means of a front plate
or fixing plate fixed on the lower curved part the hook may be attached
to a wall or other surface, the upper and lower projecting parts of the
curved rod or tube constituting two hooks or pegs, on the upper one
of which a hat may be placed, and on the lower one a coat may be hung.
The said front plate or fixing plate consists of a plate to the middle part.
of which the curved rod or tube is fixed, the sides of the plate having
holes by which it can be attached to a wall or other surface.
J
In making the said front or fixing plate and connecting it to the curved
rod or tube I proceed as follows:-I take a short piece of tubing of much
larger diameter than the said curved rod or tube. I place the said
short piece of tubing upon the curved rod or tube at the part where the
fixing plate is to be attached and by means of dies or tools worked in a

page_text: press or stamp I compress the said short piece of tubing into the shape of a
front plate or fixing plate at the same time also compressing that part of the
curved rod or tube on which the front or fixing plate is formed into
such a shape that it is incapable of turning on the said front or fixing
plate..
Instead of making the front or fixing plate of a short piece of tubing.
as described it may be made of a cast piece of metal cast of nearly the
shape of the finished front or fixing plate. This cast piece is compressed
and fixed upon the curved rod by dies and pressure or percussion.
In order to prevent injury to the hats and coats hung upon the said 1
combined hat and coat hooks their ends are usually provided with
spherical terminations of earthenware connected thereto by the end of the
rod passing through the said terminations and fixed by a screw nut. In
connecting the said terminations I make them with holes passing not
quite through them, and I insert the ends of the hooks or the strength-1
ening rod of the hooks in the said holes and fix them by means of glue,
shellac, or other adhesive material..
My improvements are applicable to single hat and coat hooks or pegs,
as well as to combined hat and coat hooks.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section a combined hat and coat hook
made according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a front elevation of a
portion of the same; and Figure 3 is a cross section of a portion of the 2
same. a is the curved rod or tube constituting the body of the hook; b is
the front or fixing plate by which the hook is attached to a wall or other.
surface; c, c, are the earthenware knobs or terminations of the hook.
In making the front or fixing plate 6 and connecting it to the curved
rod or tube a I proceed as follows:-I take a short piece of tubing of much
larger diameter than the tube a, and I place the said piece of tubing upon
the tube a at the part where the fixing plate is to be attached as repre-
sented in front elevation in Figure 4, and horizontal section in Figure 5
where the short piece of tubing is marked b. I place the rod a and piece
of tubing 6 in the lower die of a pair of ordinary shaping dies worked by 3
preference in a press or stamp and by the operation of the said pair of
dies upon the piece of tubing 6 it is compressed or flattened and shaped

page_text: into the front plate 6 and fixed upon the rod or tube a. By the
operation of the said pair of dies the rod or tube a where the plate 6 is
fixed to it is also compressed or flattened into the shape represented in
Figures 1 and 3, so that the front or fixing plate is incapable of turning.
on the said rod or tube a. Or instead of taking a piece of tubing as
described a partially made front ´plate represented in Figures 6 and 7:
and markede (the said partially made front plate being shaped in dies or.
drawn) may be placed on the rod or tube a. By the operation of another
pair of dies the partially made front plate is compressed or flattened.
into the front plate and at the same time secured to the rod or tube as,
previously described. A front plate made from the partially shaped plate,-
Figures 6 and 7, is represented attached to the rod or tube in Figures 8.
and 9. The front plates made and attached in the manner described arc,
finished by piercing or drilling the screw holes.
Figure 10 represents in side elevation, and Figure 11 in plan, a combined
hat and coat hook in which the front or fixing plate is made by casting..
Figure 12 represents a front elevation; and Figure 13 a cross section*
of the same; Figures 14 and 15 represent the same before the front or'
fixing plate is secured to the rod or tube of the hook. In this arrange.
ment of my Invention the front or fixing plate is cast of nearly the
shape of the finished plate, that is, it consists of a plate d (Figures 14 and'
15) having an eye or tubular part d², d³, projecting from the back and'
front of the said plate d. The said eye d³, d³, is of such a size that the
fixing plate can be readily placed on the rod or tube a. After the cast
fixing plate d, d², d³, has been put on the rod or tube a in the manner.
represented in Figures 14 and 15 the said tube and plate are placed in:
the lower die of a pair of dies worked in a stamp or press, and by:
the action of the upper die of the said pair of dies the semi-tubular
back part d² of the fixing plate is compressed and flattened upon the
rod or tube a, the said tube a being forced into the part ds of the fixing.
plate. Or the back part d² may be compressed and flattened by the blow:
of a hammer. The fixing plate is thereby finished and securely con-
nected to the tube a, as represented in Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13.
•
Or the cast fixing plate represented in front elevation and section in
Figure 16 may be used. This fixing plate marked fis provided with an
eye or tubular part g at front through which the rod or tube a is passed.
By the operation of a pair of dies the part 2 of the fixing plate f is com-

page_text: pressed upon the rod or tube a and the said plate thereby connected to
the said rod or tube.
In connecting the earthenware knobs or terminations e of the hook I.
make the said terminations with holes c² passing not quite through them.
One of these terminations is represented separately in plan and section
in Figure 17, and the terminations at the top and bottom of the hooks
are represented in section in the hook, Figure 1, and in elevation in the
hook, Figures 10 and 11. In fixing the terminations c on the ends of
the tube or rod a I first place on each end a metallic finishing ring or
collar (shown separately in Figures 18 and 19), the said ring being
provided with fangs h² which pass into the space between the ends of the
tube or rod and holes in the termination c. After placing the adhesive:
cement herein-after described in the hole c² of the termination c the
heated end of the rod or tube a with the ring h upon it is inserted in
the said hole. By this means the space between the end of the tube or
rod a and hole in the termination c is filled with the cement and the
termination thus securely connected to the said rod or tube a. By the
embedding of the fangs of the ring or collar h in the cement the said.
ring is securely fixed in its place. The adhesive cement which I have
found to answer well for fixing the terminations to the ends of the hook
consists of equal parts by weight of rosin and chalk to which a small
quantity of tallow is added, other adhesive cements such as gluc or
shellac may however be used.
Instead of fixing the terminations to the ends of the rod or tube of the
hook as described and represented the said terminations may be fixed to
the ends of the strengthening rod sometimes placed in the tubes of the
hooks. The front plates and terminations of single coat hooks may be
made and fixed in the manner herein-before described.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention, but I claim as my Invention of improvements in combined
hat and coat hooks and in single hat and coat hooks or pegs,—
Firstly. Making the front or fixing plates of the said hooks by
shaping in dies or by a drawing process and connecting the said plates
to the rods or tubes of the hooks by compression substantially in the

page_text: manner herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, and 9 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. Making the front or fixing plates of the said hooks by
casting and connecting the said plates to the rods or tubes of the said
hooks by compression, substantially in the manner hercin-before described
and illustrated in Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Thirdly. Fixing the earthenware knobs or terminations to the ends of
the said hooks by making the said knobs or terminations with holes
passing partly through them and fixing the ends of the hooks in the said
holes by an adhesive cement, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated in Figures 1, 10, 11, 17, 18, and 19 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Curric, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
JAMES WOOD,
Napier House,
Mostyn St.,
Llandudno.
PETER CURRIE. (L.S.)