IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MECIJANICAL ARRANGEMENTS OF MACHINERY THE TILLAGE OF LAND BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE-POWER.
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Henry Paul Pettit Oram, of St. Paul's Road,
Park Lane, Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MECIJANICAL
ARRANGEMENTS OF MACHINERY
THE TILLAGE OF LAND BY STEAM OR
OTHER MOTIVE-POWER.'
"3
FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Henry Paul
Pettit Oram at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th May
1881.
FREDERICK HENRY PAUL PETTIT ORAM, of St. Paul's Road, Park Lane,
Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION AND MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENTS OF MACHINERY FOR THE TILLAGE
OF LAND BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER."
A machine capable of rendering the soil fit for the immediate reception of seeds
or plants at one operation during its progress over the land. For this purpose I
construct a machine, somewhat similar in its appearance to a road traction engine,"
upon 3 or 4 wheels, the fore carriage of which is pivoted to enable the machine to
turn round, and at the hind part of which machine there is suspended a horizontal
disc or wheel with plates or blades attached to and suspended from the periphery
thereof, slightly tangential from the circumference, and inclined from the vertical!
in the direction of rotation, which are the operative parts, and caused to rotate at a
great speed, and which machine is so lightly constructed and arranged that it is
capable of being moved or drawn, driven or propelled, by steam or other motive
power over the land, and at the same time transmitting power to such. rotating
operating parts, which operate in the soil and cut through the earth in such a
manner as to completely pulverise it, and cause a perfect filth to be made at one:
operation of the machine, passing over the land, and thereby rendering the land.
quite fit (without any subsequent operations) for the immediate reception of seeds
or plants, and if necessary can be either left flat or in ridges, or laid up to weather,
or by the means of any ordinary drill attached to the machine the seed can be at
once sown, and by means of an additional part of my machine the seed can be
covered in by one uniform pressure upon the soil, thereby avoiding the damage
now occasioned by the trampling of horses feet.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Henry Paul Pettit Oram in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd November 1881.
FREDERICK HENRY PAUL PETTIT ORAM, of St. Pauls Road, Park Lane,
Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION AND MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENTS OF MACHINERY FOR THE TILLAGE
OF LAND BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER."
My Invention relates to the construction of a machine capable of rendering the
soil fit for the immediate reception of seeds or plants at one operation during its
progress over the land.
For this purpose I combine with known mechanism a device for the filling
operation, and construct a machine somewhat similar to a road traction engine, the
forecarriage of which is pivoted to enable the machine to turn round, and at the
hind part of which there is fitted a horizontal disc, or wheel with plates or blades
attached to and pointing downwards from the periphery thereof, slightly tangential
from the circumference, and inclined from the vertical in the direction of rotation.
These blades or plates are the operative part of the machine, and are caused to
rotate at a high speed by the locomotive power where an engine is employed, and
from the axles of the wheels, or as may be convenient where horse or similar
fraction is used.
The whole machine is so lightly constructed and arranged that it is capable of
being moved or drawn, driven or propelled, by steam or other motive power over
the land, and at the same time transmitting power to the rotating operative parts,
which operate in the soil, and cut through the earth in such a manner as to
completely pulverize it, and cause a perfect tilth to be made at one operation of
the machine passing over the land, and thereby render the land quite fit (without
any subsequent operation) for the immediate reception of seeds or plants, and if
necessary can be either left flat or in ridges, or laid up to weather; or by means of
any ordinary drill attached to the machine the seed can be at once sowed, and by
means of an additional part of my machine the seed can be covered in by one
uniform pressure upon the soil, thereby avoiding the damage now occasioned by.
the trampling of horses feet.
!.
.
And for the better understanding of my Invention I now proceed to describe
convenient modes of carrying the same into practice, reference being had to the
Drawings herewith, and to the letters and figures marked thereon. Like letters"
refer to like parts in each of the Figures.
Figs. 1 and 2 show my device for the pulverizing of the soil in plan and
elevation.
Fig. shows the said device in combination with locomotive power and driven
by steam.
Fig. 4 shows my said device applied where the power is derived from the
axles of the carrying wheels when the machine is drawn by horses or similar,
power
Figs. 5 and 6 show a plan and elevation of a sleigh of couvenient form which
may be attached to the rear of the machine.
;
The device, which I employ for the tilling and pulverizing of the soil consists
of a circular disc, or wheel A having on' its rim or periphery a convenient
number of plates or blades B. which are fixed conveniently in recesses cut
in the disc or wheel by bolts. These blades are at a slight angle from the vertical
towards the direction of rotation, and are tangential from the circumference in the
same direction of rotation. The action of this device, the blades of whieli are sunk
.

page_text: to any required extent, and which is driven at a high speed of revolution, is to
slice portions of the earth from the front of its travel, while the rear of the revo-
lution assists in further pulverizing the earth already sliced off by passing rapidly
through it.
In Fig. 3 the locomotive power of the engine is made to drive the disc or wheel
by gearing C, and the disc may be elevated or lowered according to the depth to
which it is desired to make the blades penetrate the earth by means of a hand
wheel with pinion and cylindrical rack G or other convenient means.
In Fig. 4, multiplying chain gear D from the axle of the carrying wheels is made
to drive the disc, which can be raised or lowered from the front end or driver's
seat by means of the hand wheel E, gearing, and cylindrical rack H.
In both cases shown the forecarriage F is made pivoted to allow of easy turning.
To the rear of the machine and following the cutters may be attached, where it is
not necessary to weather the land, any ordinary drill to sow the seed, and the seed
may be covered in the ground by a flat sleigh of convenient form (shown in Figs. 5
and 6) with a box (half round to shed rain) to regulate its weight and pressure by
the quantity of ballast placed in it.
And having now fully described and ascertained the nature and object of my
Invention and the manner in which the same is to be carried into effect, be it
known that I am not desirous of claiming the methods of driving, inasmuch as I
may adopt any suitable motor and driving connections without departing from
my Invention, but that what I consider novel and useful, and desire to protect by
uy Letters Patent is.-
.
The construction of a horizontal disc or wheel bearing upon its periphery plates
or blades inclined from the vertical towards the direction of rotation, and tangential
from the circumference, in combination with and driven by any convenient motor
and driving connections, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Henry Paul Pettit Oram, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this First day November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
F. H. ORAM. (L.S.)