Improvements in I
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 8th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 8th Feb., 1898
Improvements in
I, LOUIS ANTIONE JULES TONY KRIEGER, of 168, Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris,
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
In the provisional specification of a previous application for Letters Patent made
by me and numbered 24941 of 1896, I have described an electrical apparatus for
driving a vehicle of any kind by means of the wheels of its fore-carriage, a steering-
apparatus being provided for steering the vehicle by means of the fore-carriage by.
electrical braking.
Now, the present invention relates in the first place to an improvement in the
means for operating the steering-apparatus, the object in view being to neutralize all
action of the rear-carriage upon the steering of the fore-carriage; and secondly to the
application of my invention to the case where the wheels of the fore-carriage are
mounted on pivots.
To enable the invention to be properly understood, I have illustrated my improved
arrangement, by way of example only, by the accompanying drawings.
Figs. 1 and 2 thereof are respectively an elevation and a plan illustrating
the improvement in the means for operating the steering-apparatus; whilst
Fig. 3 illustrates the application of my invention to a case where the wheels of the
fore-carriage are mounted on pivots, and
Fig. 4 is a corresponding plan.
In all these drawings the same letters of reference indicate the same parts.
In the case where the axle is rigid and is provided with a turning pin, the steering-
apparatus may be driven without making use of the rotation of the fore-carriage
about the said turning pin, and thus all action of the rear carriage upon the steering
of the fore-carriage (such as might occur if the vehicle were to run away) can be
neutralized.
With this object, the pinions f which gear into the toothed wheels g rigidly fixed
to the front wheels, are keyed on independent shafts f¹ carrying at their other ends
two small pinions of equal size. The latter gear into a long pinion for into two
pinions keyed on the same axle. The journals of this pinion or of this axle
are carried by a box f which is provided externally with an endless screw and
revolves idly on the axles f¹. The endless screw gears into the plate G carrying the
contact-pieces of the steering-apparatus.
If the ratios of the gears are suitably chosen, it will be seen that any difference in
the speeds of the two driving-wheels will cause the plate G to turn, and that
the latter will be able to turn through an angle equal to the angle which the driver
may impart to the handle.
It is to be noted, further, that the driver has not to move the handle back again in
order to resume the straight direction, because the rear carriage has no action upon
the direction of movement.
The driver may therefore be situated on the fore-carriage and move with the latter,
or he may be placed on the vehicle and operate the rubbing-contacts in the following
manner:
The spindle i carrying the rubbing-contacts is fixed at some suitable point of the

page_text: fore-carriage, and it moves with the latter. It is provided at its upper part with two
bevel-pinions that are driven by a horizontal shaft ending in a hand fly-wheel j
situated in a vertical plane. The whole is held in place by means of a tube that
encases the spindle i and is fixed to the fore-carriage.
In order to turn, the driver rotates the fly-wheel j in one or the other sense, the
fore-carriage turns, and the amount of its turning is indicated by the position of the
horizontal shaft carrying the fly wheel j. It is sufficient for him to cease to
turn the said fly-wheel in order to proceed in the direction indicated.
In steering, instead of short-circuiting the armature of one of the machines, the
excitation of the corresponding field-magnet, may be increased either by increasing
the number of the convolutions of its winding, or by applying an auxiliary excitation
to its circuit.
The arrangement of the steering-apparatus not altered in such cases, except that
it is the field-magnet circuits, and not the armature-circuits, that are connected to
the apparatus.
My electrical apparatus may be applied not only to a fore-carriage having
a turning-pin, but also in those cases where the driving-wheels are mounted on pivots.
In this last application, I preferably employ the following arrangement :-
The axle-tree H of the fore-carriage carries at each of its ends a sleeve J in which
rotates a pivot K that forms one with the axle-neck of the corresponding driving-
wheel. Upon these pivots are fixed the electric-motors A¹ A2 each of which
is arranged to drive the corresponding wheel by means of a single train of gearing
having a ratio of at least 1: 10; the motors thus swivel with the wheels. The entire
arrangement constituted by the motor, the gearing, and the wheel, is independent of
the remainder of the vehicle and may be very easily removed when it is necessary to
replace or repair any part.
The arrangement of the pivot may be varied either by placing the said pivot on the
axle-neck or on the axle-tree, with a sleeve on the axle-neck, or in any other way; the
machine always forming one piece with the axle-neck of the wheel.
The steering is effected by means of a sector L having internal teeth, which is fixed
on one of the axle-necks and is actuated by a pinion M whose axle rotates
in a bearing N fixed to the axle-tree and connected to the steering-fly wheel
by means of a Cardan or other joint allowing of the turning of the vehicle.
The other axle-neck is coupled to the first axle-neck by means of a rod o.
In the case of a steering-arrangement of this kind, the power being small, the two
armatures of the dynamos may be mounted in series.
The axle-tree H of the fore-carriage is connected to the body of the vehicle by
means of a transverse spring P fixed at its centre by means of a shoe Q in such a
manner as to be capable of becoming inclined to the right or to the left in a plane at
right angles to the vehicle by rocking about a longitudinal axle R fixed to the body.
This arrangement allows the front axle-tree to assume inclinations to suit the
inequalities of the ground.
This axle-tree is kept in the direction of the travel by means of two horn-plates S
fixed to the body.
The transverse spring rests upon the axle-tree through the medium of two
connecting rods T capable of rocking about their axles U and connected together at
their ends by means of two diagonal rods V. This arrangement has for object
to prevent lateral movement of the front axle-tree relative to the vehicle. The two
connecting rods T can indeed, become inclined together and in opposite directions to
the same extent when the spring P is deflected, but in consequence of their diagonal
connexion they cannot become inclined in the same direction, and consequently the
centre of the axle-tree always remains opposite to the centre of the spring.

page_text: даргобщение Щ
I, LOUIS ANTOINE JULES TONY KRIEGER, of 168, Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement ;-
In the specification of Letters Patent previously granted to me and numbered
24941 of 1896, I have described and claimed an electrical apparatus for driving a
vehicle of any kind by means of the wheels of its fore-carriage, a steering-apparatus
being provided for steering the vehicle by means of the fore-carriage by electrical
braking.
Now, the present invention relates in the first place to an improvement in the
means for operating the steering-apparatus, the object in view being to neutralize all
action of the rear-carriage upon the steering of the fore-carriage; and secondly to
the application of my invention to the case where the wheels of the fore-carriage are
mounted on pivots.
To enable the invention to be properly understood, I have illustrated my improved
arrangement, by way of example only, by the drawings filed with my provisional
specification.
Figs. 1 and 2 thereof are respectively an elevation and a plan illustrating the
improvement in the means for operating the steering-apparatus; whilst Fig. 3
illustrates the application of my invention to a case where the wheels of the
fore-carriage are mounted on pivots; and
Fig. 4 is a corresponding plan of part of the apparatus.
In all these drawings the same letters of reference indicate the same parts.
When the axle is rigid (i.e., when the axle-spindles form a rigid whole with the
axle-tree) and is provided with a turning pin or king-bolt (hereinafter referred to as a
king-bolt) the steering-apparatus may be operated without making use of the
rotation of the fore-carriage about the said king-bolt, and thus all action of the rear-
carriage upon the steering of the fore-carriage (such as might occur if the rear carriage
were to slip laterally in relation to the fore-carriage) can be neutralized.
With this object, the pinions f which gear into the toothed wheels g rigidly fixed
to the front wheels, are keyed on independent shafts f¹ carrying at their other ends
two small toothed wheels f of equal size. The latter gear into a long pinion for
into two pinions keyed on the same axle. The journals of this pinion or of this axle
are carried by a box f which is provided externally with a worm and revolves idly on
the shafts. The worm gears into the plate G carrying the contact-pieces G¹ of the
steering apparatus.
If the ratios of the gears are suitably chosen, any difference in the speeds of the
two driving-wheels will cause the plate G to turn, and the latter will be able to turn
through an angle equal to the angle which the driver will have imparted to the
handle.
It is to be noted, further, that the driver has not to move the handle back again in
order to resume the straight direction, because the rear carriage has no action upon
the direction of movement.
The driver may therefore be situated on the fore-carriage and move with the latter,
or he may be placed on the vehicle and operate the rubbing-contacts in the following
manner :-
The spindle carrying the rubbing-contacts i¹ is mounted to rotate in a suitable
position fixed in relation to the fore-carriage, and it moves with the latter. It is
provided at its upper part with two bevel-pinions that are driven by a horizontal
shaft ending in a hand-wheel j situated in a vertical plane. The whole is supported

page_text: in place by means of a tube that encases the spindle i and is fixed to the fore-
carriage.
In order to turn, the driver rotates the hand-wheel ; in one or the other direction,
as a result of which the fore-carriage turns, and the amount of its turning is
indicated by the position of the horizontal shaft carrying the hand-wheel j. It is
sufficient for him to cease to turn the said hand-wheel in order to proceed in the
direction indicated.
In steering, instead of short-circuiting the armature of one of the motors, the
excitation of the corresponding field-magnet, may be increased either by increasing
the number of the convolutions of its winding, or by applying an auxiliary excitation
to its circuit.
The arrangement of the steering-apparatus is not altered in such cases, except that
the field-magnet circuits, and not the armature-circuits, are connected to the
apparatus.
My electrical apparatus may be applied not only to a fore-carriage having a
king-bolt, but also in those cases where the driving-wheels are mounted on pivots.
In this last application, I preferably employ the following arrangement :-
The axle-tree H of the fore-carriage carries at each of its ends a sleeve J in which
.rotates a pivot K that forms one with the axle-neck of the corresponding driving-
wheel. Upon these pivots are fixed the electric motors A¹ A² each of which is
arranged to drive the corresponding wheel by means of a single train of gearing
having a ratio of at least 1:10; the motors thus swivel with the wheels. The entire
arrangement constituted by the motor, the gearing and the wheel, is independent of
the remainder of the vehicle and may be very easily removed when it is necessary to
replace or repair any part.
The arrangement of the pivot may be varied either by placing it on the axle-neck
or on the axle-tree with a sleeve on the axle-neck, or in any other way such that the
motor will form one piece with the axle-neck of the wheel.
The steering is effected by means of a sector L having internal teeth, which is
fixed on one of the axle-necks and is actuated by a pinion M whose axle rotates in
a bearing N fixed to the axle-tree and is connected to the steering-hand wheel by
means of a Cardan or other joint allowing of the turning of the vehicle. The other
-axle-neck is coupled to the first axle-neck by means of a rod o.
In the case of a steering-arrangement of this kind, the power being small, the two
armatures of the motors may be electrically connected in series.
The axle-tree H of the fore-carriage is connected to the body of the vehicle by
means of a transverse spring P fixed at its centre by means of a shoe Qin such a
manner as to be capable of becoming inclined to the right or to the left in a plane at
right angles to the vehicle by rocking about a longitudinal axle R fixed to the body.
This arrangement allows the front axle-tree to assume inclinations to suit the
inequalities of the ground.
This axle-tree is kept in the direction of the travel by means of two horn-plates S
fixed to the body.
The transverse spring rests upon the axle-tree through the medium of two
connecting rods T capable of rocking about their axles U and connected together at
their ends by means of two diagonal rods V. This arrangement has for object to
prevent lateral movement of the front axle-tree relative to the vehicle. The two
connecting rods T can indeed, become inclined together and in opposite directions
to the same extent when the spring P is deflected, but in consequence of their
diagonal connexion they cannot become inclined in the same direction, and
consequently the centre of the axle-tree always remains opposite to the centre of the
spring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1 In a road-vehicle electrically propelled by means of a fore-carriage having a

page_text: king-bolt, a steering apparatus having contact-pieces carried by a plate which is
movable relatively to the king-bolt and gears into a worm with which a differential
motion box situated on the divided shaft of the driving pinions is provided,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a road vehicle having electrical propelling apparatus of the kind hereinbefore
referred to, steering by increasing the excitation of one of the motors, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
3. The application of electrical propelling apparatus of the kind herein before referred
to, in cases where the wheels of the fore-carriage are mounted on pivots, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
the not tran anbatantially
king-bolt, a steering apparatus having contact-pieces carried by a plate which is
movable relatively to the king-bolt and gears into a worm with which a differential
motion box situated on the divided shaft of the driving pinions is provided,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a road vehicle having electrical propelling apparatus of the kind hereinbefore
referred to, steering by increasing the excitation of one of the motors, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
3. The application of electrical propelling apparatus of the kind herein before referred
to, in cases where the wheels of the fore-carriage are mounted on pivots, substantially
as herein before described.
1. Mounting the spring of the body of the vehicle on the axle tres substantially
as described and shown.
5. Pivoting the wheels upon the axle-tree substantially as hereinbefore described
and for the purpose specified.
Dated thin 8th day of October 1807
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.