A TUYERE APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AND HEATING BLAST
Year: 1885

page_text: I THOMAS WALTER BARBER of 20 Canal Head Ulverston in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for A TUYERE
APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AND HEATING BLAST to be as follows:-
To avoid the costly and cumbrous Regenerative and other Hot Blast Stoves now
in use for Blast Furnaces, I attain the same end by an apparatus constructed ou
the principle of the "Injector," in which the cold blast forms the propelling fluid,
and the waste gases from the furnace top, or gas from a "Siemens" or other
Gas-producer take the place of the feed water.
These Blast-injectors supersede the ordinary tuyeres, the combined cold blast
and gas being driven into the furnace in a state of partial combustion whereby the
required heating of the blast is obtained as it enters the furnace.
The Blast-injector consists of an outer cast iron or other metal case provided
with branches for supply of cold blast and gas, and an inner cast iron or other
metal nozzle fitted with regulating gear to adjust the delivery of blast and gas, the
blast being delivered in the centre of an annular jet of gas.
A Back-pressure Valve may be fixed to the gas inlet to prevent air getting back
into the gas 'downcomer,' and a sight hole may be fitted at the outer end of the
central nozzle by which the state of the tuyere may be observed.
The combined blust and gas are passed through a combining tube or chamber
lined with fire brick or other refractory material before entering the furnace.
The cold blast nozzle may be divided into two or more jets or inay have an
annular or slot form.
Where the blast is not of sufficient density to induce a combining current of
gas, an exhauster or blower may be employed to deliver the gas at such a pressure
as the apparatus will work with.
A single large Injector may be used to heat the blast for several ordinary
tuyeres instead of separate injectors for each tuyere; or two or more such injectors
may be fitted up as a battery to heat the blast for any number of furnaces.
Water or cold blast cooling coils or jackets may be applied to any part of the
apparatus liable to be burnt away.

page_text: A Tuyere Apparatus for Supplying and Heating Blast.
I, THOMAS WALTER BARBER, of No 20 Canal Head, Ulverston in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
To avoid the cumbrous and costly Regenerative and other Hot Blast Stoves now
in use for Blast Furnaces, I attain the same end by an apparatus constructed on
the principle of the Injector, in which the cold blast forms the propelling fluid & the
waste gases from the furnace top, or gas from a Siemen's or other gas producer take
the place of the feed water.
These Blast-injectors supersede the ordinary tuyeres, the combined cold-blast
and gas being driven into the furnace in a state of partial combustion whereby the
required heating of the blast is obtained as it enters the furnace.
The Blast Injector consists of an outer cast-iron or other metal case and an inner
cast-iron or other metal nozzle fitted with regulating gear to adjust the delivery of
Blast and Gas; the blast being preferably delivered in the centre of an annular jet
of gas.
A back-pressure valve is fixed to the gas inlet to prevent air getting back
into the gas "down-comer," & a sight-hole may be fitted at the outer end of the
central nozzle by which the state of the tuyere may be observed.
The combined blast & gas are passed through a combining tube or chamber,
(which may be lined with fire-brick,) before entering the furnace.
The cold-blast nozzle may be divided into two or more jets, or it may have an
annular or slit form.
"
Where the blast is not of sufficient density to induce a combining current of
gas, an exhauster or blower may be employed to deliver the gas at such a pressure
as the apparatus will work with.
A single large tuyere or injector may be used to heat the blast for several
ordinary tuyeres instead of separate injectors for each tuyere, or; two or more
such injectors may be fitted up as a battery to heat the blast for any number
of furnaces.
Water or cold blast cooling coils or jackets, may be applied to such parts of the
apparatus as are liable to be burnt away.
In the accompanying drawings :-Fig. 1. shews the simplest form of injector.
A. is the Cold Blast Inlet; B. the Gas Inlet; C. the sliding internal 'Nozzle
regulated by the hand screw D.
Fig. 2. in conjunction with fig. 1. shews a method of dividing the cold blast into
two portions, in which case sufficient cold blast is first injected with the gas to
burn it thoroughly and a second portion of cold blast is injected into the main at E
by the pipe F. to dilute the combined gases. down to the required temperature of
hot blast.
Figs. 3. & 4. shew a battery of injectors G. G. G. discharging into a fire-brick
chamber H from which the combined gases are led by a main J. (either with or
without a second admixture of cold-blast as shewn at K) into the Furnaces.

page_text: The Carbonic-acid combined with the Hot-blast thus produced may be partially
converted into carbonic-oxide by passing the hot-blast through a mass of carbon
fuel such as coke contained in a close chamber, by which means it takes up another
atom of carbon, thus neutralizing the effect of the carbonic acid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st. The methods described of employing a mixed current of cold-blast and gas
for the purpose of heating the blast without at the same time loading it too heavily
with inert gases.
2nd. The method described of dividing the cold-blast into two portions to obtain
the best effect from the combined gases.
3rd. In combination with the above the method described of passing the hot-
blast so obtained through coke to regenerate the carbonic acid in combination.
I do not claim the use of a combined jet of gas and blast for producing a
reducing flame in the Furnace, this having been used previously.
Dated this fifth day of January 1886.