AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIN HARROW."
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Colborne Cambridge, of Bristol, Agricultural
Implement Maker, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
OF CHAIN HARROW."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Colborne Cain-
bridge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th March 1859.
I, WILLIAM COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE, of Bristol, Agricultural Implement
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention' for "AN IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIN HARROW," to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to the constructing of chain harrows in such manner
that they may be readily adapted by the attendant to heavy or light work,
according to the state and requirements of the land. To this end I propose to
make chain harrows of detachable parts, so that a greater or less amount of
harrowing surface may be attached to the whippletree, as may be deemed
desirable. Thus to the connecting links carried by the whippletree I per-
manently attach open hooks or their equivalent, and these hooks I cause to
take into links at the front of the first division of the chain harrow. To the
hind end of this division of the harrow I attach (permanently) a similar set of
open hooks, or equivalent means of connection, for the purpose of taking into
the front row of links of the second division of the harrow; and so on in-like
manner if there be more divisions of the chain. When therefore a heavy

page_text: harrow is required to be used all the parts of the chain are to be connected
together, to give a large extent of working surface, but when light work is
in hand one or more of the intermediate parts must be detached and removed,
and the remainder of the chain harrow attached directly to the whippletree.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Colborne Cambridge in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE, of Bristol, Agricultural Implement Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Colborne Cambridge, Her special license that I, the
said William Colborne Cambridge, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIN HARROW,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Colborne
Cambridge, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months. next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same..is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained.in
and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
. The object of this Invention is so to construct chain harrows as to admit of
their being readily adapted by the attendant to heavy or light work,.according
to the state and requirements of the land, To this end I propose to form the

page_text: chain harrows of detachable parts or sections, so that a greater or less amount
of harrowing surface may be attached to the whippletree as may be deemed
desirable.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn the Invention applied to a
chain harrow, which embraces the improvement of flexible transverse bars,
secured to me by Letters Patent bearing date April Twenty-third, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, but it will be obvious that the
Invention is equally applicable to chain harrows fitted with rigid distending
bars.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the improved harrow, and Fig. 2 is an edge view
thereof. a, a, is the whippletree or traction bar to which the draught horses
are attached; and b, b, are a series of link rods for connecting the chains of
the harrow with the whippletree. These link rods 6 are severally furnished
with an open hook c for taking respectively into the links forming the first
row in the chain harrow. The operating surface, it will be seen, is composed
of two sections A and B, which are formed of links of different gauges of iron,
as is now commonly adopted. There may, however, if thought desirable, be
more than two sections, but in practice I have found the arrangement shewn
in the Drawing very efficient. To the hind end of the section A or first
division of the harrow I attach (permanently) a set of open hooks d, for the
purpose of taking into the front row of links of the section B or second
division of the harrow; and in like manner, if there be more divisions of
the chain than are shewn in the Drawing, I provide for the connection of
additional sections. To prevent the parts from becoming detached while the
harrow is in operation, I fit a loose ring e to the extremity of cach hook,
which rings will act like stops and effectually retain the links within the
hooks, while they will offer no obstruction to the designed separation of the
sections of the harrow. It will now be understood that when a heavy harrow
is required to be used, heavy and lighter sections of the chain are to be
connected together to give a large extent of working surface; but when light
work is in hand the first division of the harrow is to be detached, and the second
section connected directly to the link rods b. The separation of the parts is
effected by lifting the rings e to the dotted position of Fig. 2, and passing
the links from under the hooks; this may be readily and expeditiously effected
by the attendant, and the harrow may as easily be restored to its former
condition previously to being used upon heavy lands.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "An Improved Con-
struction of Chain Harrow," and explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters

page_text: Patent, I claim forming chain harrows in detachable portions or sections in
the manner and for the purpose above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, have here-
unto set my hand and seal; the Fifteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
W. C. CAMBRIDGE. (L.s.)