matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UNITING GLASS AND ARGILLACEOUS CYLINDERS AND TUBES FOR CONDUCTING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Warburton Moseley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
February 1854.
I, JOHN WARBURTON MOSELEY, of Heath Fields, in the Parish of Norton in
the Moors, in the County of Stafford, Doctor of Medicine, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UNITING
GLASS AND ARGILLACEOUS CYLINDERS AND TUBES FOR CONDUCTING WATER AND OTHER
FLUIDS" to be as follows:-
The substances I employ for the purpose before stated consist of those known
by the names of gutta percha and caoutchouc, which substances I employ by
rolling them round the extremities of the closely approximated tubes, having
first sufficiently softened these substances by the application of heat, and I thus
weld the tubes at their point of junction, and confine the bands more tightly
by a wrapper of cord. I also, in the case of tubes of large dimensions, dissolve
the gutta percha or caoutchouc in some chemical solvent to a proper consistence
for its being spread on a bandage, and then surround the extremities of the tubes
therewith. I also use another method of applying gutta percha or caoutchouc

page_text: to the junction of the tubes by rings or segments of cylinders of either of such
sustances.
The result of this method of joining separate tubes as above described is to
effect a water-tight conduit of any required length capable of resisting con-
siderable pressure, and preventing the escape of liquids or chemical fluids, and
affords advantages for drainage and other important objects.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FINISHING FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th March
1854. A communication.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR FINISHING FABRICS," communicated to me from Desiré Prosper Pépin and
Adolphe Roy, foreigners resident abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved construction of the beams or rollers
of finishing machinery, and consists in the application to finishing machines of
beams carrying the cloth or fabric, having a vibratory or reciprocatory motion
in the direction of their axes, for the purpose of avoiding the production of
irregularities in the fabric. This is effected by making the beams (from and
on to which the fabric is rolled) of two distinct parts, consisting of an internal
cylinder of wood or metal revolving in ordinary bearings, and an external
tubular cylinder. Round this cylinder are fitted three or more metal collars,
on to which are fitted a series of three or more longitudinal bars, running
parallel to the axis of the cylinder, and extending the whole length of the
latter. An external cylinder or tube is fitted over these bars, and slides longi-
tudinally thereon during the rotation of the cylinder. This lateral movement
is effected by a fixed pair of rings secured to the inside of each of the sup-
porting standards, such rings having an inclined edge, over which traverses a

page_text: friction pulley connected to each end of the tubular cylinder. As the position
of the inclines is exactly reversed in each cylinder, the result will be that a
constant lateral vibratory motion will be given to the cylinders and to the
fabric contained thereon, thereby constantly changing the position of the fabric
during its passage through the machine. This vibratory motion may be pro-
duced in various ways, such as by causing the cylinder to slide in its bearings;
but the principle of the Invention consists in imparting a vibratory motion to
the fabric as it passes through the finishing machine.
A NEW MACHINE FOR CUTTING OR PREPARING WOOD TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1854

page_text: COLLO CULED
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean de Redon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th August 1854.
I, JEAN DE REDON, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention of "A NEW MACHINE FOR CUTTING OR PREPARING WOOD TO BE USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER " to be as follows:-
This machine is composed of two principal parts: first, the tool A, B, C, D,
Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings, for reducing the wood to fibres; and,
secondly, a support O, P, S, T, for presenting the logs of wood to the
cutting tool.
The tool A, B, C, D, consists of a circular toothed blade set on an axle, as
shewn in section at Figure 2, and is so constructed that the under part of the
teeth cut the wood in a curvilinear direction.
The support O, P, S, T, consists of two drums without bottoms, placed one
within the other, leaving between them the necessary space for placing the logs
of wood, as indicated by the cut parts O", X, Y, Z, P, a', & y, one of which,
the dotted one M, N, is shewn lengthways at F, M, Fig. 2, and by the letters
o, p, x, y.

page_text: The support or presenter is moved by the pulley P, which gives to it the
necessary speed in reference with that of the cutting tool A, B, C, D.
H, O, P, q', is a case for receiving the fibres as they are cut; S¹, U, Fig. 1,
is a regulator for advancing the logs; A¹, B', are screws for holding the logs
in position.
AN IMPROVED WINDLASS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Cooper Hall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th March
1854.
I, JAMES COOPER HALL, of Monkwearmouth, in the County of Durham, Ship
Owner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "AN IMPROVED
WINDLASS" to consist in adding to the barrel of the windlass certain apparatus
for preventing the tendency of the cable working to one end of the barrel,
and the riding of the cable and its jerking and irregular action in raising
anchors or other weights.
The apparatus which I employ for this purpose consists of a piece of wood
or iron with deep grooves or projecting pieces constituting guides for the
cable. As the cable is wound upon the capstan, the guiding apparatus is
down upon the capstan, so that the cable is laid regularly by the guides without
riding, and when the cable is to be let out, the apparatus may be raised up.
The apparatus may be raised or lowered by a chain acted on by a lever
attached to one end, which can be raised, the other end being affixed by a hinge
to the side of the support of the capstan.
By means of this apparatus when in action the cable can be wound regu-
larly on the barrel without fluting, and when the cable is to be let out, the
apparatus can be raised from off the barrel so as to leave the windlass clear
for letting go the anchor or other weight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF OF ATTACKING HOSTILE BODIES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE OBTAINMENT OF PLANS OF FORTS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry James Luff at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th November
1854.
I, HENRY JAMES LUFF, of 7, Thanet Place, Temple Bar, in the County of
Middlesex, Engraver, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF OF ATTACKING HOSTILE BODIES, ALSO APPLICABLE
TO THE OBTAINMENT OF PLANS OF FORTS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the mode of attacking hostile forts and towns,
or bodies of troops when stationed near to the sea, by having, in connexion
with a vessel at sea or in a harbour, a balloon having a telegraphic communica-
tion with such vessel, such balloon being freighted with explosive compounds
of any description most suitable with the purpose. The balloon having
ascended from the vessel, and being then in connexion therewith, can readily
direct the movements of such vessel, whilst such movements by suitable
connections can again operate in the position of the balloon, so as to bring the
same readily into the most favorable position with regard to the fort, army, or
other object to be acted upon, when the explosive.compounds-may-be-easily-let-
down in the exact position where the greatest injury can be inflicted. It is

page_text: also to be observed, that by similar means, plans of fortifications, &c. may
readily be acquired by the photographic process. It is obvious, that where
inland forts or armies are to be attacked, the balloon may be in connection
with any apparatus upon land, so as to effect the same results.
SEPERATING IRON OR STEEL FROM BRASS, GUN METAL, AND ALL OTHER METALLIC FILINGS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Alexander Edwards at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1854.
I, WILLIAM ALEXANDER EDWARDS, of No. 87, Brooke Street, West Square,
Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "SEPERATING IRON OR STEEL FROM BRASS, GUN METAL,
AND ALL OTHER METALLIC FILINGS," to be as follows:-
The application of electric power for the extracting of iron or steel from
metallic filings, and which is done in manner following:-Having placed a
revolving bar, cylinder, or other piece of iron in the centre of a coil or coils of
wire, the end of which projects from such coil, and also placing such coil in
connection with batteries, the bar, cylinder, or other piece of iron or steel
becomes an electro-magnet, and upon any metallic particles being brought
into contact with the bar, cylinder, or other piece of iron or steel, it attracts
and holds all particles of iron or steel, so that all other metallic particles are
entirely freed and purified from them; by whatever mode this is done, I claim
the application of electricity for the purification of metals from iron or steel.
OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James King Worts, James Worts,
and Isaac Page at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th November 1854.
We, JAMES KING WORTS, senr., JAMES WORTS, junr., both of Colchester,
in the County of Essex, and ISAAC PAGE, of Langham, in the same County, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "OBTAINING AND APPLYING
MOTIVE POWER" to be as follows:-
We propose to use a weighted lever or pendulum, which, being set in
motion by hand or other power, will by its power of gravity (the movement
being kept up by hand or other mechanical means) continue to swing. The
upper end or part of the said lever or pendulum, being attached to cranks or
other portions of machinery which may require a turning power applied, will
cause the whole mechanism dependent thereon to work continuously. The said
lever is applicable to propulsion of vessels for mill or thrashing machinery, and
other purposes for which turning is usually required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MARINE ENGINES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Buchanan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd August
1854.
J, JOHN BUCHANAN, of Leamington Priors, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MARINE ENGINES" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object peculiar combinations of the parts of marine
engines particularly applicable for driving the shafts of screw or submerged
propellers, and consists in causing the connection of the piston rod or rods to
be made from their outer ends, or the ends of the steam cylinders or other
motors, farthest removed from the said shaft. For this purpose I prefer to
place the bottoms of the cylinders or other motors towards and in parallel
lines with the crank shaft. Any desired number of steam cylinders or other
motors may be so combined with the crank or propeller shaft in order to give
motion thereto, and each of the piston rods may, by its cross hend and con-
necting rods, give motion to two cranks of the propeller shaft; or two steam
cylinders or other motors, with their ends towards each other, may, by their
cross heads and connecting rods, give motion to the propeller shaft by the same
cranks; or the piston rods of two or more cylinders or other motors may be
connected to the same cross head, and give motion to the crank or propeller

page_text: shaft by one or more connecting rods. And in condensing steam engines, the
air pumps may be worked either by the combination of the same piston rods
or by separate rods; and when using steam expansively by means of two
cylinders, the piston of the larger and the piston of the smaller cylinder may
be on the same piston rods. But in all cases the peculiarity of the construction
of marine engines is the connection of the piston rod or rods with the crank
shaft from their outer ends, or the ends of the cylinders or other motors farthest
from the said shaft.
STOPPING OF ENGINES AND CARRIAGES ON RAILWAYS, AND ALSO VEHICLES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION ON THE COMMON ROADS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Stoy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th August 1854.
I, HUGH STOY, of No. 1, St. John's Road, Battersea Rise, Surrey, Yeoman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "STOPPING OF ENGINES
AND CARRIAGES ON RAILWAYS, AND ALSO VEHICLES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION ON THE
COMMON ROADS," to be as follows; of which the Drawings will partly represent
my new Invention for stopping engines and carriages on railways, & also to
prevent the slipping of the driving wheels of the engine, difrent from all others
worked at the present day, and will also prevent the high driving wheels
drawing the engines and carriages of the line.
Fig. A represents the driving wheels taken up of the line to act as flies;
B & C represents the attachment of the carriage wheels to the flies by
crank or sum other driving power. Fig. D represents the break on the flies,
to stop the engine when the stein is turned of. Fig. E represents the action
of the break on the wheels of the carriages, to stop or partly stop rotation,
and prevent the concussion as it is at the present time, by alowing the carriages
to run in on each other, as they do in thoses days, without the rotary action
of the wheels being stopped; and when the speed of the engine or luggage
van is checked, the carriages runs into it & meets the projecting bar, Fig. F,
thrown out by the driver, stoker, or guard, with the rack, Fig. G, and the

page_text: action will be emedently on the wheels of every carriage on the traine. The
same action can be applied to the break van by the guard; and the break on
the carriages of every discription on the common roads can be acted on a bar
from the hine axel, with an arme to carry the break to the sid of the wheel,
by the hand or foot of the driver on the box, to lock his wheels at pleasure,
and releave it again in a moment. To be called Stoy's break.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PICTURE FRAMES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michel Napoleon Illakowicz at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
March 1854.
I, MICHEL NAPOLEON ILLAKOWICZ, Artist, of No. 35, Maddox Street,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PICTURE FRAMES " to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in rendering the same picture frame susceptible
of being enlarged or diminished in any given proportion, and that without
deranging the position of the ornaments.
These expanding picture frames, and also the ornaments used with them,
can be made of any suitable metal or other material, such as gutta percha,
papier mache, wood, or of any combinations thereof..
These expanding picture frames are made in eight principal pieces; the
usual frames being divided into four at the centres of the four pieces com-
posing the frames. At the back are four other pieces, on which, by means
of mechanism, the four corner pieces are made to slide, thus the proportion
of the paralelogram, as well as the size, can be changed at pleasure.
AN IMPROVED BAROMETER, CALLED HYDROGRAPHER BAROMETER
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Eugéne Jesson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th June
1854.
I, JEAN EUGENE JESSON, of Paris, in the French Empire, Clock Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED BAROMETER,
CALLED HYDROGRAPHER BAROMETER," to be as follows:-
I employ a strip or ribbon of bladder or of gold-beaters' skin, which is fixed
at one end, and passed round one, two, or more pullies, so as to obtain a
considerable length of the ribbon in a small space. The end of the ribbon is
attached to the short arm of a lever, and a thread from the longer arm of the
lever is passed round a groove or small pulley on the spindle of an index. The
ribbon of bladder or gold-beaters' skin is kept extended by means of a weight
or spring. The changes from damp weather to dry weather, and vice versa,
produce alterations in the length of the ribbon of bladder or gold-beaters' skin,
which are indicated on a dial marked like that of an ordinary wheel barometer.
The index carries a short pin near the spindle, which pin works in a slot or
notch near the centre of a second index, which is mounted loose on the spindle
of the first index. This second index presses lightly against the dial, so that

page_text: it will remain in any position in which it is left. When the first index moves,
its pin drags the second index after it, and the second index is therefore always
a short distance behind the first, so that it can at once be seen in which direc-
tion the index has been moving, whether towards fair or rainy weather.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING THE TRAINS ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Ambroise Montel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
January 1854.
T, PIERRE AMBROISE MONTEL, of Paris, in the French Empire, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOPPING THE TRAINS ON RAILWAYS" to be as follows:-
In lieu of applying brakes to the wheels of the carriages in the ordinary
manner, I raise the carriage and cause it to be borne by supports resting upon
the rails, so that the carriage is caused to slide upon the rails, and is thus soon
stopped. The carriage is raised by its own momentum in the following
manner: A pulley fixed on the axis of the wheels gives motion to an endless
strap or band passing round another pulley, whose spindle is mounted on a
frame attached to the above-mentioned sliding supports, and placed above the
frame of the carriage. A chain attached to the spindle of this pulley is
connected to the framing of the carriage. By this arrangement the revolution
of the wheel is made to wind up the chain and lift the carriage. Two or more
spindles with pulleys are employed, and two chains are attached to each spindle,
so that the carriage is raised simultaneously at four or more different points.
When the apparatus is not in use, the straps are thrown on to loose pulleys.
To put the apparatus in action it is only necessary to slip the straps on to the
fixed pulleys. This is effected by hand by turning a long spindle or drum,
having chains wound round it, and attached to a sliding frame or frames, which
move the straps from one pulley to another, or by any other suitable means.

page_text: The pulley spindles carry toothed wheels, and are all connected by racks, and
by extending these racks from one carriage to another with suitable connections,
an apparatus constructed as above described may be put in action on each
carriage in a train by one man. The apparatus is applicable to waggons and
engines and tenders, as well as to other carriages.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN ENVELOPES, OR MEANS FOR SECURING LETTERS, NOTES, AND SIMILAR DOCUMENTS
Year: 1854

page_text: Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th July 1854.
I, JOHN LAMACRAFT, of Westbourne Grove, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ENVELOPES, OR MEANS FOR SECURING LETTERS, NOTES, AND SIMILAR
DOCUMENTS," to be as follows:-
It is well known that the envelopes in ordinary use, with the tip or point
thereof prepared on the inside with a little adhesive substance, are easily
opened and re-closed, the lap merely folding over and outside, and that the
friction they sustain (when covering letters, &c.), after being put in the letter
box, and before arriving at their destination, often occasions the fastening to
give way.
I propose to cut or punch a piece of paper or other material in such
manuer, that, on the two sides and bottom being overlapped, a perforation will
be left through all three; these are made to adhere by the manufacture. The
lap is left loose, as now, and is made in the shape of the flap of a pocket-book,
or nearly so. The point or tongue, being provided with adhesive substance both
on its outer and inner surfaces, is (when brought into use) damped or wetted,
and inserted into the perforation aforesaid. The tongue will adhere both to
the letter and inside of the envelope, and thus most effectually secure the
contents of the letter, and denote any infraction of the covering with certainty.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Dobson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th January
1854.
I, ARTHUR DOBSON, of Bolton le Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Com-
mission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in giving motion to the vibrating rail of looms
from the tappet or other shaft which communicates motion to the heddles.
The object of the vibrating rail is to slacken the warp when the heddles
open the shed, and to tighten the warp when the weft is struck home;
the vibration of the rail has usually been effected by a spring or weight.
The object of my Invention is to render the action of the vibrating rail more
efficacious by giving motion to it by tappets on the shaft which actuates the
heddles; by this means the motion of the heddles and of the vibrating rail are
simultaneous. One mode of carrying my Invention into operation is by causing
tappets on the tappet shaft to act on an elbow lever, the horizontal arm of which
is provided with a slot, in which is jointed a rod connected above to a lever;
this lever is fixed to a fulcrum shaft supporting the vibrating rail by two arms.
The elbow lever above referred to is furnished with a weight or spring, to give
the requisite tension to the warp, which is carried from the warp beam over the
fulcrum shaft under the vibrating rail, then over a fixed rail, and thence to the
heddles.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1854

page_text: their Petition, on the 17th May 1854.
We, WILLIAM SMITH and WILLIAM BRAMWELL HAYES, both of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING
to be as follows:-
Our improvements apply solely to power looms, wherein several shuttles are
employed for the manufacture of fabrics of different colors. Hitherto, from
the inconvenience attendant on the employment of a number of shuttles, the
designs of the various fabrics woven in such looms have been confined as to
the number of colors of the weft threads. Our improvements consist in the
application, employment, or use of an endless chain or succession of shuttle
boxes, so that upon each shuttle passing through the slay another is presented
to follow the course or transverse design of the work, and a continual succession
of an almost unlimited or any required number of shuttles may be employed.
The endless chain of shuttle boxes is worked by a ratchet wheel and click (or
such mechanical equivalents as may be found expedient), to which motion is
communicated from the "tappet shaft" or any other suitable moving part of
the loom, and the lifting of the shuttle boxes may be effected by an endless
"tappet chain" or other suitable contrivance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PICTURE FRAMES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michel Napoleon Illakowicz at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st August 1854.
I, MICHEL NAPOLEON ILLAKOWICZ, Artist, of No. 35, Maddox Street, London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PICTURE FRAMES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in rendering the same picture frame susceptible of
being enlarged or diminished in any given proportion, and that without
deranging the position of the ornaments. These expanding picture frames, and
also the ornaments used with them, can be made of any suitable metal or other
material, such as gutta percha, papier maché, wood, or of any combinations
thereof.
These expanding picture frames are made in 8 principal pieces; the usual
frames being divided into 4 at the centres of the four pieces composing the
frames; at the back four other pieces, on which, by means of mechanism, the
four corner pieces are made to slide. Thus the proportion of the parallelogram
as well as the size can be changed at pleasure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MORTICING AND TENONING
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Coulson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th May
1854.
I, WILLIAM COULSON, of Fetter Lane, in the City of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MORTICING AND TENONING" to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said Invention has reference to an arrangement of mechanism for
giving motion to a vertical chisel or cutter, which, by a long hand lever
working through the intervention of a screw & pinion wheel, is caused to
descend upon the wood to be morticed or tenoned, the said wood being held
in a moveable adjusting tray & secured by a clamp or tightening screw.
The whole apparatus is mounted on a table or bed, situated at a convenient
height to be worked by the hand; & the lever is furnished with a counter-
balance weight, restores it to its situation after each descent of the knife or
cutter. To the above mechanism are added suitable contrivances for adapting
the action of the cutter to forming mortices of various sizes and shapes.
I claim the construction of morticing machines, as above described, in which
the knife or cutter is made to descend by a hand lever, which actuates it by
the intervention of a screw wheel furnished with a counterbalance weight, by
which arrangement the knife can be turned in any direction for the purpose
of clearing or finishing all sides of the mortice or tenon; & the mechanism
may
be adjusted for any size of mortice to be produced or of wood to be
operated on.
AN IM- PROVED ARTISANS' TOOL, WHICH MAY BE USED AS A MEASURING RULE, STRAIGHT EDGE, SET SQUARE, T SQUARE, BEVEL, AND PLUMB RULE
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Brutus Goodrick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
April 1854.
I, CHARLES BRUTUS GOODRICK, of Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED ARTISANS' TOOL, WHICH MAY BE USED AS A MEASURING RULE, STRAIGHT
EDGE, SET SQUARE, T SQUARE, BEVEL, AND PLUMB RULE," to be as follows:
The tool consists of two pieces, one longer than the other, and which in one
position form a foot rule and straight edge, in another a set square; the
shorter arm has a slot and hole cut in it, and a nick at top, from which a line
is suspended, carrying at bottom a plumb lead, which moves in the hole cut in
the shorter arm. In another position this tool forms a square, while it can
also be made to form a bevel, set at any desired angle. The tool is fixed and
made to assume any of the required forms by means of a washer and screw.
By the addition of another length the tool may be converted into a two-feet
as well as a one-foot rule.
AN IMPROVED TRAVERSER, OR MACHINE FOR SHIFTING RAILWAY CARRIAGES FROM ONE SET OF RAILS TO ANOTHER
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Murray Gladstone at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
May 1854.
I, THOMAS MURRAY GLADSTONE, of the Irwell Works, Salford, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED TRAVERSER, OR MACHINE FOR SHIFTING RAILWAY CARRIAGES FROM
ONE SET OF RAILS TO ANOTHER," to be as follows:—
My Invention consists in mounting upon suitable bearings, which are
sunk beneath the level of the line of rails, four or more sets of traverser
rails, which are connected by an endless chain or band, and each of which
sets, when in the proper position, present themselves on a level with the per-
manent way. The endless chain being worked, causes the shifting traverser
rails to travel over and under or round the bearings upon which the traverser
rails are supported.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GATES, HURDLES, AND FENCING; IN VEHICLES, WAGGONS, CARTS, AND TRUCKS FOR COMMON ROADS AND RAILWAYS; AND IN FACIAS, ENTABLATURES, WINDOW HEADINGS, PARAPET AND OTHER MOULDINGS PROJECTING PROM THE BRICKWORK OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Skertchly, junior, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
June 1854.
I, JOSEPH SKERTCHLY, junior, of Kingsland, Middlesex, and of Ansty,
Leicester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GATES, HURDLES, AND FENCING; IN VEHICLES,
WAGGONS, CARTS, AND TRUCKS FOR COMMON ROADS AND RAILWAYS; AND IN FACIAS,
ENTABLATURES, WINDOW HEADINGS, PARAPET AND OTHER MOULDINGS PROJECTING
PROM THE BRICKWORK OF BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
The objects of my Invention are the obtaining greater strength, durability,
and elegance in these manufactures, by combining wood made into the desired
forms for the parts of the articles with sheet metal, such sheet metal being
drawn or pressed upon the surfaces of such prepared and shaped wood, so as
to cover such surfaces thereof as may be desired, and be caused to take the
contour thereof; and the Invention consists in facing or covering the surfaces
of properly formed mouldings of wood with sheet iron or other metal, by the
process of drawing or mechanical pressure. I form the separate parts requisite
to constitute the particular article-under manufacture of wood, and then.
place the wood and strips of sheet metal together in the direction of their
length, and pass them through dies in a draw bench or other suitable machine,
so constructed as to bring the metal in close contact with the various surfaces
of the wood, and to firmly combine them together; and after forming the

page_text: various parts necessary to complete the articles under manufacture, they are
put together in the ordinary manner; but in forming the mortice and tennon
joints in connection therewith, the mortice is cut something less than the
tennon which is to enter therein. The tennon is made larger than the
mortice, and it is subjected to pressure in suitable dies, so as to reduce it to
a size that will enter the mortice, and by its tendency afterwards to expansion
it will form a more secure joint than by the ordinary means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF STOPPING RAILWAY TRAINS, OF WORKING BREAKS ON RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND OF COMMUNICATING SIGNALS FROM ONE PART OF A RAILWAY TRAIN TO ANOTHER
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.)
Letters Latent was not given within the time prescribed
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Wrigley Firth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
February 1854.
I, BENJAMIN WRIGLEY FIRTH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Auctioneer and Appraiser, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF STOPPING RAILWAY TRAINS, OF WORKING
BREAKS ON RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND OF COMMUNICATING SIGNALS FROM
ONE PART OF A RAILWAY TRAIN TO ANOTHER," to be as follows:-
Firstly, I propose to have an additional valve on the engine in any con-
venient position to act as a single whistle.
Secondly, to convey a communication from the said valve by wire or other
suitable material along each carriage under the eaves of the roofs or any other
convenient position, so that the guard or person in charge of the train may have
command over it.
Thirdly, to connect the said apparatus of such carriages together by means
of couplers, as shewn in the accompanying outline Drawing, which couplers are
so constructed in the joint as to allow for the curvature of the train.
Fourthly, of acting upon the said valve, so as either to give the signal
whistle or to shut off the steam.

page_text: And, fifthly, to use the same apparatus to apply the break blocks to the
wheels of the said carriages by means of vertical leyers attached to the said
communication and connected to the break levers.
The principle of these my said improvements will be understood by reference
to the accompanying outline Drawing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jules Mathieu at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th August 1854.
- A communication.
I, JULES MATHIEU, of Paris, in France, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS " to be as
follows:-
A flexible tube of vulcanized caoutchouc or other suitable material is bent
round into a circular form, and placed within a cylindrical box or hoop of
metal or other rigid material. A roller is mounted upon an arm attached to
a shaft, placed concentric with the box, and this roller compresses or squeezes
the flexible tube, so as to flatten it at the part in which it comes in contact
with the roller. The shaft being caused to revolve, any liquid contained in
the tube is driven before the roller and expelled from one end of the tube,
while fresh liquid may be allowed to enter at the other end of the tube. In
this manner, by turning the shaft, a continuous flow of liquid is obtained,
which liquid may be conveyed away by pipes, as from any other description
of pump. No valves are necessary for this pump, but they may be used, if
desired, to prevent the return of the liquid when the pump is not being
worked. The flexible tube may be arranged on a flat or conical plate, instead
of within a cylindrical box, and conical rollers may be employed. Two or
more pumps, formed of flexible tubes of the same or different diameters, may
be combined in the same machine. In lieu of making the tube into a com-
plete circle, it may be made of the form of a segment of a circle, and two,

page_text: three, or more rollers may be mounted on the shaft, so that one roller may
not leave the tube until another is in contact with it. The tube may be
fixed in its place by bolts and nuts, passing through one side of the tube,
or through a flange or flanges made in one piece with the tube, or through a
clip or casing of leather, or other suitable substance encircling the tube, or
in other suitable manner. The flexible tube may be strengthened by internal
linings or external casings, or both, of leather, canvass, cloth, gutta percha, or
other suitable substance, sewn or screwed or otherwise attached to the flexible
tube. These pumps may be employed for raising water and other liquids,
and for pumping air for ventilation, and for a variety of other purposes.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF MARINE STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
July 1854. A communication.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
ARRANGEMENT OF MARINE STEAM ENGINES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in giving direct action to the propeller shaft of
steam vessels by such a combination of parts that a nearly uniform force is
imparted to the shaft, whilst at the same time the arrangement admits of the
whole being placed considerably below the water line of the vessel, occupying
very little space, and capable of being placed in the rim of the vessel.
These important objects are attained by employing two steam cylinders,
placed transversely, and very near the vessel's bottom, the piston rods of the
said cylinders passing through the cylinder heads in opposite directions.
These piston rods impart, by means of coupling links and levers, a recipro-
cating motion to rock shafts, which transmit the motion to the crank ou the
propeller shaft by levers and connecting rods, acting nearly at right angles to
each other.
THE PRESERVATION OF MEAT IN ITS NATURAL STATE AND WITHOUT BEING COOKED
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Toussaint Delabarre and Leon
Bonnet at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 21st July 1854.
We, TOUSSAINT DELABARRE, of Grenelle, near Paris, in the Empire of
France, Merchant, and LEON BONNET, Gentleman, of the same Place, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE PRESERVATION OF
MEAT IN ITS NATURAL STATE AND WITHOUT BEING COOKED" to be as follows:-
The meat when perfectly fresh is exposed to the action of a machine (such
as is used for drying linen), having a wheel which revolves with the greatest
velocity, and by its action dries rapidly any moist substance. When the meat
has been thus dried to such a point as to be deprived of about half or rather
more than half of the water that it contained in its natural state, it is plunged.
for a short time (a minute or more) in heated gelatine, made from the bones
and sinews of animals, hung up in a well-ventilated room and dried. It should
then hang for fifteen days; it will then have become hard, and will keep fresh
and good for years, without being packed to exclude the action of the air,
which is rather useful than prejudicial to the meat thus treated. The gelatine
enters into the pores of the meat, replacing the water which has been driven
out; the meat is by this greatly ameliorated in nutritious property. Before
it is dipped in the gelatine it is slightly wiped with a dry cloth, to remove any
little moisture that may be on the surface.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND COMBINATION OF APPARATUS FOR STOPPING AND RETARDING RAILWAY TRAINS AND CARRIAGES
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexandre Plantin at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
February 1854.
I, ALEXANDRE PLANTIN, of 25, Thayer Street, Manchester Square, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare that the nature of the Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND COMBINATION OF APPARATUS FOR
STOPPING AND RETARDING RAILWAY TRAINS AND CARRIAGES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a peculiar arrangement and combination of
mechanical apparatus for applying breaks to the wheels of railway carriages,
and by which the breaks of all the wheels may be simultaneously applied by
means of the rotation of the wheels of the carriages. For this purpose the
breaks are suspended on axes over the wheels, and by means of springs they
have at all times a tendency to stand off from their respective wheels; the
breaks are caused to move to and act on their respective wheels by means of
eccentrics, the axes of which are put in motion by means of longitudinal axes
or shafts, with screws or worms fixed thereon, which when requisite are caused
to take into and drive toothed fixed wheels on the axes of the excentrics.
There is a longitudinal axis running from end to end of a train of carriages,

page_text: such axis being in part capable of being coupled together when a train of
carriages is made up. This axis is cranked at intervals, and the cranks carry
suspended bearings for the several axes, which have screws or worms thereon,
by which means the screws or worms ordinarily are out of gear with the toothed
wheels on the axes of the excentrics, and the toothed wheels on the axes
carrying the screws or worms are out of gear with the screws or worms which
are on the axes of the carriages. When, however, there is a requirement for
the breaks to be put on, the guard or other person, by suitable gearing, will
simply cause the cranked axis to rotate partly round, which will cause all the
screws or worms and the toothed screw wheels to come into gear, and the
rotation of the wheels of the carriage as the train continues its progress will
cause the breaks to be pressed more closely against their respective wheels.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN DRYING PULP IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, ALSO PAPER HANGINGS AND PRINTED TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Lightbown at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th June 1854.
I, the said HENRY LIGHTBOWN, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster,
Paper Stainer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DRYING PULP IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, ALSO PAPER HANGINGS AND
PRINTED TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in causing the materials to be dried to pass over a
plate or series of plates or chambers, heated by a number of jets of gas; the
apparatus may be adapted immediately to the paper making or printing
machine, or it may be separate therefrom, and the drying process constitute a
distinct operation.
The materials I cause, by suitable mechanism, to travel at a quicker or
slower rate, according to the drying required, and the heating of the plates I
also regulate by consuming more or less gas.
A ROLLER FOR SCOURING AND FINISHING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: cous
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Aikman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th October 1854.
I, JAMES AIKMAN, of the firm of James and George Aikman, of Paisley,
in the County of Renfrew, North Britain, Finishers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A ROLLER FOR SCOURING AND FINISHING TEXTILE
FABRICS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in adapting and applying, to the purpose of scouring
and finishing textile fabrics, rollers composed of stone, in substitution for those
which have hitherto been used for the purpose. I prefer that the roller should
be of solid stone, and have an iron spindle or shaft passed through its centre,
such spindle or shaft having formed upon it a journal suitable for mounting in
a plummer block; also, at each end of the roller there should be a square iron
washer plate sunk into the end of the roller flush. One of these plates is to
be keyed fast on the axle, and the other fitted on two feather keys, and screwed
tight up by means of a nut on the axle. The following proportions may be
found convenient in practice, viz.; seven feet length & twenty inches diameter
for the roller, and four inches diameter for the spindle or shaft; but I do not
confine myself to such proportions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1854

page_text: Commissioners
atents,
on, on the 24 Ap
1004.
I, JOHN WILSON, of Croydon, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS" to be as follows, that
is to say:
My said improvements which have especial reference to portable houses for
emigrants and other persons, and to other buildings in which it may be found
convenient that certain parts should be made removable for repairs or other
purposes, has for its object a simple construction and economical arrangement
of the parts of such buildings, & a method of framing and putting them
together, that may enable them to be erected and taken down with the utmost
facility and expedition, and without the assistance of workmen; to perform
which objects, I unite the ends or junctions of the timbers and boards at all
the angles of the building in such manner as wholly to dispense with the
employment of mortices & tenons, nails, screws, & all similar contrivances
heretofore applied for the purpose. The framework of such buildings is com-
posed of wood, secured at the angles with wooden or iron chairs or supports;
the sills, plates, standards, quarters, and rafters are connected or united
together by a double action screw draw bolt, with nuts and dovetail plates or
washers, securing the whole of the building together at the same time. The

page_text: front, back, ends, & sides of a house of an octangular or other regular figure
are prepared in such lengths and form by machinery; that each part externally
& internally can be applied without difficulty or risk of misplacement, and
adapted, if necessary, for the employment of a felt, marine metal, zinc, lead,
or corrugated or galvanized iron covering. The matched boarding enclosing
the carcase of the building and roof is put together by means of grooves &
rebates formed in the standards, sills, plates, quarters, and rafters, and is
capable of being taken down, removed, & put together without injury or
risk of damage to the joints or junctions of the several timbers. The floors,
formed of wood, are secured to the joists with grooves, rebates, & metal
tongues, and laid without the application of nails or screws to secure them in
their position, such floors being also applicable to tents or other temporary or
portable dwellings & fences. The distances at which the timbers, such as
quarters, standards, rafters, and joists, are to be placed, will be regulated by
the magnitude of the structure.
I claim the general construction & arrangement & mode of framing &
putting together the parts of portable houses & other buildings, in the manner
and for the purposes above described.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE COMMANDER AND THE ENGINEER OR THE HELMSMAN OR OTHER PERSON ON SHIPBOARD
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William G. Craig at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th April
1854.
I,-WILLIAM G. CRAIG, of Newport, Monmouthshire, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING
COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE COMMANDER AND THE ENGINEER OR THE HELMSMAN
OR OTHER PERSON ON SHIPBOARD" to be as follows:-
This Invention, which I denominate a mechanical telegraph, consists of an
arrangement of levers which actuate index pointers or hands on dials, having
printed or marked thereon certain conventional or nautical phrases, such as
"go on a-head," "ease her," "stop her," "turn her astern," &c., is placed
near the commander or master of the vessel, and a similar one near the
engineer, or near the helmsman. The commander or master turns or moves a
handle, so as to bring the index pointer or hand of the dial to that phrase
marked on the dial plate which he wishes to communicate to the engineer or
helmsman, and thereupon the hand on the other dial plate points to the same
phrase or order, and the engineer or helmsman learns at once the orders of his
superior. The same mechanism actuates a bell, to give warning of attention,
&c. Reserving a right to vary details, the above is a description of my
Invention.