IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS AND MACHINERY FOR SAWING, MOULDING, BORING, AND WORKING STONE, WOOD, AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Thompson, of Finsbury Circus, in the City
of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS AND MACHINERY
FOR SAWING, MOULDING, BORING, AND WORKING STONE, WOOD, AND OTHER
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 6th August 1878, and dated the 9th February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Thompson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1878.
WILLIAM HENRY THOMPSON, of Finsbury Circus, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS AND MACHINERY FOR SAWING, MOULDING, BORING,
AND WORKING STONE, WOOD, AND OTHER MATERIALS."
This Invention relates to improvements in tools and machinery for sawing,
moulding, boring, and working stone, wood, and other materials.
One part of my Invention consists of combining emery or other suitable mineral
with iron, steel, or other suitable metal for the purpose of forming saws and other
tools for sawing and working stone or other materials.
The combination is effected by arranging on a suitably formed block one or more
plates or sheets of metal (heated if necessary) between a layer or layers of broken,
granulated, or powdered emery (or other mineral grit), arranged in a hydraulic or
other adaptable press in such a manner that the applied pressure will force and
combine the emery (or other grit) and the iron or metal into one coagulated or
combined mass; or by running the sheets or strips of metal through chilled iron
rolls, at the same time feeding the emery or other grit from a suitably formed
hopper in such manner that the rolls, collect, crush, and combine it with the iron or
other metal. A suitable furnace may be combined with the said rolls so as to heat
the metal to any required temperature; or strips or sheets of iron or metal may be
coiled around a suitable mandril acted upon by a pressure roll so as to crush and
combine with the metal the emery or other grit as it is fed between the coils from
a suitable hopper.

page_text: Sheets or plates of metal thus composed may be afterwards moulded into tools of
any desired form.
The combination may also be effected by arranging the emery or other grit in a
mould made to the required form, and pouring and mixing molten metal (under
pressure, if necessary) with it.
Instead of emery or grit chilled iron granules may be pressed, rolled, crushed,
and combined with the plates, sheets, or strips in a similar manner.
Another part of my Invention relates to improved methods of working endless
band saws, which consists of running the saw on two long drums or barrels, to
which a rotary motion is imparted. These drums are mounted in bearings parallel
to each other, and the bearings of one drum are so arranged as to admit of it being
moved or fixed sufficiently at an angle to the other to lead the saw (when running)
from end to end of the drum, and the angle of the said drum may be alternately
changed either by the operative or by a self-acting motion, so as to cause the saw
(when running) to travel to and fro from end to end of the barrel or drum; thus,
instead of feeding the stone or other material up to the saw in the usual manner,
the saw in traversing the drum cuts through the material under operation.
An indicator is arranged in combination with the machine so as to determine the
angle at which the saw drum is set.
The saw may be assisted in traversing or travelling along the drum by a guide
roll worked by a screw or other suitable mechanism.
Instead of traversing the saw to and fro along a drum it can be run on pulleys,
and the pulleys traverse to and fro by the aid of a screw or other suitable mechanism.
The stone or other material to be cut is mounted upon a turn-table truck or
carriage, which is capable of presenting various sides of the stone or other material
to the saw.
Another part of my Invention relates to improved methods of transmitting to the
cutting tool the variable motions given off from the developing forms described in
the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, dated 2nd October, 1874,
No. 3368.
In this machine the developing form and tools are carried on a travelling saddle
formed with an arm or arms projecting at right angles in such a manner as to over-
hang the stone or other substance under operation. On this arm is mounted a
moveable or traversing saddle carrying the operating tool. A transverse traversing
motion is imparted to the said saddle from the developing form, which is acted on
by a roll working a radiating lever mounted with a moveable saddle, to which is
attached an adjustable connecting rod, which is connected to a radiating quadrant
which gears into a pinion imparting motion through a pair of bevil wheels to a
hollow vertical shaft, to which is attached a bevil wheel gearing into a similar
wheel fixed to the screw, which imparts a traversing motion to the tool-carrying
saddle.
A vertical upward and downward motion is imparted to the aforesaid cutting or
operating tool by another lever fitted with a bearing roll, which is acted upon by
the developing form; this lever is also. mounted with a moveable saddle, to which
is attached an adjustable connecting rod, which is connected to a radiating quadrant
which gears into a pinion imparting motion through a pair of bevel wheels to a
shaft which works in and through the aforesaid hollow vertical shaft, and to which
is attached a bevel wheel gearing into another fixed on a grooved shaft working
a pinion gearing into a rack on the slide carrying the tool.
The developing form may be applied to the projecting arms of the travelling
saddle, so as to work direct upon the tool without intermediate gear for increasing
and diminishing the size of the work produced.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Henry Thompson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th August 1878.
WILLIAM HENRY THOMPSON, of Finsbury Circus, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS AND MACHINERY FOR SAWING, MOULDING, BORING,
AND WORKING STONE, WOOD, AND OTHER MATERIALS."
This Invention relates to improvements in tools and machinery for sawing,
moulding, boring, and working stone, wood, and other materials.
One part of my Invention consists of combining emery or other suitable mineral
with iron, steel, or other suitable metal for the purpose of forming saws and other
tools for sawing and working stone or other materials.
The combination is effected by arranging on a suitably formed block one or more
sheets or plates of metal (heated, if necessary) between a layer or layers of broken,
granulated, or powdered emery (or other mineral grit), arranged in a hydraulic or
other adaptable press in such a manner that the applied pressure will force and
combine the emery (or other grit) and the iron or metal into one or combined mass;
or by running the sheets.or strips of metal through chilled iron rolls, at the same
time feeding the emery or other grit from a suitably formed hopper in such manner
that the rolls collect, crush, and combine it with the iron or other metal.
A suitable furnace may be combined with the said rolls so as to heat the metal to
any required temperature; or strips or sheets of iron or metal. may be coiled around
a suitable mandril, acted upon by a pressure roll, so as to crush and combine with
the metal the emery or other grit as it is fed between the coils from a suitable
hopper.
Sheets or plates of metal thus composed may be afterwards moulded into tools of
any desired form.
The combination may also be effected by arranging the emery or other grit in a
mould made to the required form, and pouring and mixing molten metal (advanta-
geously under pressure if necessary) with it.
Instead of emery or grit chilled iron granules may be pressed, rolled, crushed, and
combined with the plates, sheets, or strips in a similar manner.
Another part of my Invention relates to improved methods of working endless
band saws, which consist of running the saw on two long drums or barrels, to which
a rotary motion is imparted. These drums are mounted in bearings parallel to each
other, and the bearings of one drum are so arranged as to admit of it being moved
or fixed sufficiently at an angle to the other to lead the saw (when running) from
end to end of drum, and the angle of the said drum may be alternately changed
either by the operative or by a self-acting motion so as to cause the saw (when
running) to travel to and fro from end to end of the barrel or drum; thus, instead
of feeding the stone or other material up to the saw in the usual manner, the saw
in traversing the drum cuts through the material under operation.
An indicator is arranged in combination with the machine, so as to determine the
angle at which the saw drum is set.
The saw may be assisted in traversing or travelling along the drum by a guide
roll worked by a screw or other suitable mechanism.
The stone or other material to be cut is mounted upon a turn-table truck or
carriage, which is capable of presenting various sides of the stone or other material
to the saw.
Instead of traversing the saw to and fro along a drum it can be run on pulleys,
and the pulleys traversed to and fro by the aid of a screw or other suitable
mechanisin.
Another part of my Invention relates to improved methods of transmitting to
the cutting tool the variable motions given off from the developing forms described

page_text: in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, dated 2nd October 1874,
No. 3368.
J
4.
In this machine the developing form and tools are carried on a travelling saddle
formed with an arm or arms projecting at right angles in such a manner as to
overhang the stone or other substance under operation. On this arm is mounted a
movable or traversing saddle carrying the operating tool. A transverse traversing
motion is imparted to the said saddle from the developing form, which is acted on
by a roll working a radiating lever mounted with a movable saddle, to which is
attached an adjustable connecting rod, which is connected to a radiating quadrant
which gears into a pinion imparting motion through a pair of bevel wheels to a
hollow vertical shaft, to which is attached a bevel wheel gearing into a similar
wheel fixed to the screw which imparts a traversing motion to the tool-carrying
saddle.
A vertical upward and downward motion is imparted to the aforesaid cutting or
operating tool. by another lever fitted with a bearing roll which is acted upon by
the developing form. This lever is also mounted with a movable saddle, to which
is attached an adjustable connecting rod, which is connected to a radiating quadrant
which gears into a pinion imparting motion through a pair of bevil wheels to a
shaft which works in and through the aforesaid hollow vertical shaft, and to which
is attached a bevel wheel gearing into another fixed on a grooved shaft working a
pinion gearing into a rack on the slide carrying the tool.
The developing form may be applied to the projecting arms of the travelling
saddle, so as to work direct upon the tool without intermediate gear for increasing
and diminishing the size of the work produced.
And in order that my Invention may be clearly understood and readily carried
into practice, I will proceed to describe the same more fully and with reference to
Figure 1 is a sectional view showing the action of perforated dies (to which any
suitable pressure may be applied, and which may be varied in form to suit the work
required) in combining the sheet metal with the emery; Figure 2 shows a plate or
sheet of metal perforated ready to receive the emery or other grit; and Figure 3
shows the same plate after it has been combined with the emery or grit.
Figure 4 represents a longitudinal view of a machine for working endless band
saws. Motion is imparted to the saw a by means of the drums b and c, which
receive rotary motion from the fast and loose pulleys d, d, by means of a pair of
bevil wheels. The bearings on which the drun is mounted are so fitted as to
admit of the said drum being adjusted (by means of the adjusting screws e, e,) to
the angle required for leading or causing the saw to traverse to and fro on the said
drums.
It will be evident that the drums b and c can be worked in either a vertical,
horizontal, or other position.
Figure 5 shows an end view of a turn-table truck for carrying the stone or other
material to be operated upon.
Figures 6 and 7 (Sheets 2 and 3) show a longitudinal elevation and an end view
of a machine for cutting and shaping stone or other materials into mouldings and
other forms.
The section governors or developing forms A and B, are carried on a travelling
tool saddle C with an arm or arms projecting at right angles in such a manner as
to overhang the stone or other substance under operation. On this arm is mounted
a movable traversing saddle a carrying the operating tool b. A transverse traver-
sing motion is imparted to the said saddle a from the developing form A which is
acted on by a roll c working in a radiating lever d, mounted with a movable saddle

page_text: to which is attached an adjustable connecting rod e, which is connected to a
radiating quadrant f, which gears into a pinion g, imparting motion through a pair
of bevel wheels to a hollow vertical shaft h, to which is attached a bevel gearing into
a similar wheel fixed to the screw i, which impart a traversing motion to the tool-
carrying saddle a.
A vertical upward and downward motion is imparted to the aforesaid cutfing tool
b by another lever j, fitted with a roll k, which is acted on by the developing form
B. This lever is also mounted with a movable saddle, to which is attached an
adjustable connecting rod 2, which is connected to a radiating quadrant m, which
gears into a pinion n, imparting motion through a pair of bevel wheels to the shaft
o, which works in and through the aforesaid hollow vertical shaft h, and to. which
is attached a bevel wheel gearing into another, fixed in the square shaft p, on which
is a movable pinion gearing into the rack r, which by its attachment to the vertical
tool-carrying slide 8, imparts the desired motion.
I would remark that I am aware that diamonds, bort, and similar minerals have.
been attached to and set in the edges of longitudinal and circular plates of metal,
for the purpose of forming saws and similar arrangements, have been employed for
forming boring tools, I am also aware that various mineral compositions have been
attached to the edges of sheets or blades of metal, for the purpose of forming longi-
tudinal and circular saws. But what I claim is,-
Firstly. The combining of emery or other suitable mineral grit with the sheets
or surfaces of iron or other adaptable or malleable metal, in such manner as to
form them into one coagmented or coagulated mass, for the purpose of forming
such combination or composition of metal and emery or other suitable grit into
saws and tools, which will, while wearing away by contact with the stone or other
material for which they may be adapted, keep up a continuous cutting action, by
presenting fresh grinding or cutting edges or surfaces to the substance under
operation, all substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before de-
scribed.
Secondly. I claim the use and application of sheets or surfaces of iron or other
suitable metal, perforated in such manner as to more easily admit of the emery or
other grit penetrating the sheets of iron or other metal which are heated to a
suitable temperature, all substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described
and represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings annexed.
I also claim, in combination with the use of perforated sheets, the use of dies
which are drilled or made with suitable formed holes to correspond with the per-
forations in the sheets or surfaces of iron or other metal intended for combination
with the emery or other grit, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein shown and described.
I also claim the combining of hard or chilled iron, metal, or other granules or
particles with sheets or strips of metal for the same purpose and in like manner to
emery or other grit, as previously described.
I also claim the combination of emery or other suitable grit with molten metal,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described.
Thirdly. I claim the method of arranging, running, and traversing endless band
saws on two long drums or barrels, also in making one of the said barrels or drums
capable of adjustment at such angles as will lead or cause the saw to traverse to and
fro along or on the said drums, as shown and described with reference to Figure 4
of the Drawings annexed. I also claim the use of a guide or roller or equivalent,
acting on the saw, and worked by a screw or other suitable mechanism in such a
manner as to assist the saw in traversing the drums or barrels as herein described;
further, where ordinary pulleys are employed, instead of feeding or moving the
stone or other material up to the saw in the usual manner I claim sawing or
working the stone or substance in a fixed position, by mounting the pulleys
carrying the saw on a suitable traversing frame, which is to be so fitted as to
admit of its being traversed to and fro along a girder or other support, by means of
a screw or rack or other suitable mechanism in such manner as to cause the said

page_text: saw while cutting to be moved through the fixed block of stone or other substance
under operation.
I claim the improved method of transmitting to the tool the variable rising,
falling, and traversing motions given off by developing forms (as described in the
Specification of Letters Patent, No. 3368, granted to me, dated October the Second
1874) by the means herein described of working one of the motion shafts inside and
through the other, as shown and described with reference to the letters and o,
Figures 6 and 7 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Thompson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
W. H. THOMPSON. (L.S.)