AN IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR AND CONDENSER
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Josiah Hampton, of Loughborough, in the County of
Leicester, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR
AND CONDENSER."
Sealed the 31st October 1865, and dated the 4th May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Josiah Hampton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th May 1865.
I, JOSIAH HAMPTON, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED RE-
FRIGERATOR AND CONDENSER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a refrigerator and condenser, in which two
cylindrically or conically shaped shells or vessels are placed one. within the
other, and between them is a pipe wound or coiled round the inner shell or
vessel, and of such diameter that it wholly fills up the space between the
outside of the inner shell or vessel, and the inside of the outer shell or vessel in
the direction of their diameter, the coils are placed at any required distance from
each other. A disc or lid is placed a short distance from one edge of the inner
vessel, and another disc or lid or a stay at the other edge thereof. The centre
of these discs or the disc and stay are pierced with a pipe which conducts away
the water which has abstracted the heat from the wort or other liquid to be
condensed or refrigerated; the water which has run away is supplied at one

page_text: end of the vessels by an inlet pipe connected with a cold water cistern, such
water passes in the spaces between the coils and abstracts the heat as it passes
along; the wort or other liquid to be cooled is supplied to the coiled pipe at
the opposite end thereof, and escapes cooled at the same end of the vessel as
that at which the cold water is admitted; or the cold water for cooling the
wort or liquid may run in the reverse direction, in which case the stream
of wort or liquid to be cooled runs in the opposite direction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Josiah Hampton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSIAH
HAMPTON, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Josiah Hampton, Her special licence that I, the said Josiah Hampton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Josiah Hampton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED REFRIGERATOR AND CONDENSER," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Josiah Hampton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Josiah Hampton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:

page_text: My Invention consists of a refrigerator and condenser, in which two shells
or vessels of cylindrical or conical shape are placed one within the other, and
between them is a pipe wound or coiled round the inner shell or vessel. This
pipe is of such diameter that it wholly fills up the space between the outside
of the inner shell or vessel, and the inside of the outer shell or vessel (in the
direction of their diameter), the coils are placed at any required distance from
each other. A disc or lid is placed at a short distance from one edge of the
inner vessel, and another disc or lid, or a stay is placed at the outer edge
thereof. Through the centre of these discs or of the disc and stay (which
are pierced for the purpose) there passes a pipe which conducts away the
water which has abstracted the heat from the wort or other liquid to be
refrigerated or vapour to be condensed, such water which has run away is
supplied at one end of the vessels by an inlet pipe connected with a cold water
cistern; such water passes in the spaces between the coils and abstracts the
heat, and as the water passes along the wort or other liquid to be cooled or
vapours to be condensed is suppled to the coiled pipe at the opposite end
thereof, and escapes cooled or condensed at the same end of the vessel as that
at which the cold water is admitted; or the cold water for cooling the wort
or other liquid may be made to run in the reverse direction, in which case the
stream of wort or other liquid to be cooled must run in an opposite direction.
Having thus set forth the nature of my Invention, I now proceed more
particularly to describe the manner of performing it with reference to the
ompenning Drawings

page_text: ends of the coils of pipes D are passed into or through a box or chamber E',
seen in Figures 2, 3, and 4, or the pipes D may be placed at a tangent to
their coils and lie in grooves in the bed E, such grooves are of the same depth
as the diameter of the pipes, the upper ends of the coils of pipes D are passed
up through the top of the outer shell or vessel C, above which they are con-
nected to a pipe or pipes, or to a vessel or vessels which contains the wort or
other liquid or vapours to be condensed or cooled. The lower ends of the
pipes D which project from the side of the chamber E¹ may also project over
the side of a vessel placed to receive the condensed or cooled liquid or vapours,
or the lower ends of the pipes D may be attached to a pipe or pipes to
convey the condensed or cooled liquid to its receptacle.
The cooling of liquor or the condensing of vapour is effected in the
following manner :-The bed or framing E is pierced with as many holes as
there are coils of pipe employed, such holes are under the coils of pipe and in
the spaces between the shells; each hole communicates with a chamber G'
furnished with a stop-cock G, connected with a pipe proceeding from or
attached to a cold water cistern, which is of such a height that the water
therefrom will rise up and pass along in the spaces between the coils as the
water passes along the wort or other liquid or vapours is cooled or condensed
as fast as it is supplied to the coiled pipes D. The cooling or condensing
water, if the pressure in the main pipe be sufficient, may be supplied directly
from it to the inlet cock G, instead of its being supplied from a cistern. The
cooling or condensing water as it rises up and passes between the coils of pipe
will abstract heat from the liquor or vapours, and run to waste or wherever
required, in the direction of the arrows by a pipe F, which passes up from
and through the bed plate or framing E, the cooled liquor escaping at the
same end of the vessel as that at which the cold water is admitted; or the
cooling or condensing water may be made to run in the reverse direction, in
which case the liquor or vapours to be cooled or condensed must pass in the
opposite direction. The stop-cock H, Figure 2 is for testing the heat of the
cooled liquor.
In Sheet 2, Figures 6 and 7 represent in plan and in section a modification
of the apparatus in which one coil of pipe D lies coiled in a horizontal position
upon a bed or framing E, and is enclosed by a shell C, the water to effect the
cooling or condensing is supplied by an inlet pipe G in the mode above
described, such water after having abstracted the heat runs off by the pipe F.
As many horizontal coils as are required are enclosed in vessels or shells, and
may be placed one upon another to form a cooling or condensing apparatus,
the number and size of such coils will depend upon the quantity of liquor or

page_text: vapours to be cooled or condensed, and on the rapidity at which such cooling
or condensing is to be effected.
Another modification is shown in section at Figure 8, which represents a
number of coils of pipes D, which may be of any required diameter, and of
any requisite number, coiled vertically and enclosed in shells C, the cooling
or condensing water is supplied through pipes G, as before described, the
whole is supported on a bed or framing E. The water which effects the
cooling or condensing may run away to waste or otherwise, by an overflow
pipe C, formed by cutting away a portion of the inner shell C, or the waste
water may be collected in a gutter attached to such shell, and provided with
piping to convey the said water to any receptacle.
The apparatus shown at Figure 8, or a modification thereof, may be placed
round the upper edge of a working round or a circular gile tun.
I may here observe that I may prefer running the water through the pipe or
pipes, and the wort or other liquid or vapours to be cooled or condensed may
be passed through the spaces between the pipes, as shewn in Figures 2, 4,
5, 6, 7, and 8.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, I declare that I claim as constituting
my said Invention, the general arrangement and combination of parts
constituting the improved refrigerator and condenser herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Josiah Hampton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
Patent Office,
Nottingham.
JOSIAH HAMPTON. (L.S.)