AN IMPROVED CHURN
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Mohan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th September 1854.
I, THOMAS MOHAN, of Aclint, in the County of Louth, Farmer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CHURN" to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the combination with a churn of an improved
lasher or agitator for agitating or churning the cream of milk. The form of
churn which I prefer to use with this dasher or agitator is oval at top and
bottom, and should be suitably supported in an erect position. The peculiar
lasher or agitator consists in a perpendicular axle or shaft set round with fans
or blades; these fans or blades form part of a spiral thread, a portion of the
thread equal in size to one of the fans being cut away between each blade;
the blades are fine or narrow near the shaft, and increase in width towards
their outer extremity. The blades may be joined to the shaft by any suitable
mode of connection, and the screw agitator driven by means of manual or
mechanical power.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Mohan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th March 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, THOMAS
MOHAN, of Aclint, in the County of Louth, Farmer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Mohan, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Mohan, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Thomas Mohan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
timo agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
CHURN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Mohan,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Mohan, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say (reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon):-
My Invention of "An Improved Churn" consists in the combination with a
churn of an improved dasher or agitator for agitating or churning the cream
of milk. The form of churn which I prefer to use with this dasher or agitator
is oval at top and bottom, and the churn should be suitably supported in an
erect position. The peculiar dasher or agitator consists in a perpendicular axis
or shaft set round with fans or blades; these fans or blades form part of a
spiral thread, a portion of the thread equal in size to one of the fans or blades
being cut away between each fan or blade. The fans or blades are finer or
more narrow near the shaft, and increase in width towards their outer
extremity.

page_text: In order, however, that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Drawing, in
which Fig. 1 is a plan or horizontal view of the churn; Fig. 2 is an elevation
of the same, the dasher or agitator being shewn by dotted lines; and Fig. 3 is
an elevation of the dasher or agitator detached. In these several Figures the
same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
A is the churn or vessel for holding the milk or cream; B is a vertical shaft,
the upper part of which turns in a brass half bearing C, inserted in the cross
head or beam D, the lower end turning in a socket E at the lower part of the
churn. F, F, are the several fans or blades fixed on to the shaft B, which are
intended to agitate the milk or cream. The number and form of these fans or
blades may be varied. The shaft B is driven by means of a band from any
first mover passed round the boss B'.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not mean or
intend to confine myself to the precise forms and arrangements of the parts
shewn and described; and I would remark that the form, size, and arrange-
ment of the fans or blades may be varied so long as the principle be retained
of causing them to form in combination a kind of helix or spiral with spaces or
intervals between the blades or portions of the spiral. But what I claim as of
my Invention, and desire to have secured to me is, the combination of the churn
with the dasher or agitator in its general features, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Mohan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Signed, sealed, and delivered in the
presence of
PATT CURTIS,
THOS MOHAN. (L.S.)
Aclint, Co. Louth.