IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING HOUse AND MARKET REFUSE AND SEWAGE MATTER AND RENDERING THE SAME AVAILABLE FOR MANURE."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Pease and Thomas Lupton, both of Bradford, in
the County of York, Brass Founders and Engineers, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING HOUse
AND MARKET REFUSE AND SEWAGE MATTER AND RENDERING THE SAME
AVAILABLE FOR MANURE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Pease and Thomas
Lupton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th April
1881.
.
RICHARD PEASE and THOMAS LUPTON, both of Bradford, in the County of York,
Brass Founders and Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES AND APPARATUS
FOR TREATING HOUSE AND MARKET REFUSE AND SEWAGE MATTER AND
RENDERING THE SAME AVAILABLE FOR MANURE."
This Invention relates,-
Firstly. To improvements of privies and ash pits.
Secondly. To improved apparatus to be employed in screening or assorting the
contents of ash pits, street or market refuse, or sweeping.
Thirdly. To improved apparatus for cutting, breaking, or disintegrating refuse
vegetable matter, fish, and other like market, ash pit, or street sweeping, so as to
render such refuse available as manure.
Fourthly. To improved construction and arrangement of furnace to be employed
in the burning or destroying of sweeping and refuse and the decomposing of
noxious gases arising from decayed animal or vegetable matter, and the application
of heat arising therefrom to the heating of water and raising of steam, and for
cleansing sewers of noxious gases.
In the construction of privies according to this our said Invention a screen is
employed in conjunction with the ordinary ash pit, so that when ashes are
thrown or passed through the door of the ash pit the fine ashes pass through the.
screen and by way of an incline or shoot to the privy, the said screen being
[Price 8d1

page_text: mounted upon hinges, pivots, or slings, that it may be raised or swung over for
the removal of any obstruction or accumulation of ashes thereunder, and such
screen is slung or otherwise mounted as to admit of reciprocating or like motion
for the purpose of facilitating sifting or screening the ashes deposited thereon.
For the purpose of sifting, assorting, and screening ash pits, street market refuse,
and sweepings, we employ a rotating perforated cylinder placed and working at an
angle, the finer ashes and portions of refuse passing through the perforations, whilst
the larger substances are discharged at the exit end of the cylinder, there to
be assorted; the separation or removal of the finer ashes facilitates the consumption
of such portion of the refuse as is to be burnt in the furnace hereinafter described.
The apparatus for cutting, breaking, or disintegrating refuse vegetable matter,
fish, and other like refuse, comprises a shaft or axis provided with a series of
cutters, these being enclosed by a casing, portions of which in conjunction with the
appliance referred to also from cutting or breaking surfaces, the substances being
introduced to the casing and operated upon by the cutters being broken up, and
when mixed by the finer ashes from the screening are available as manure; the
rotary screen may be as described, cylindrical, hexagonal, octagon, or other sided
figure, and may be composed of perforated plates or wire work.
The furnace comprises an angle or sloped shoot or "tip," by which refuse passes
to the furnace house, or by shoot to the furnace, the furnace grate bars having at
their end furthest from the feed door a dead plate or surface upon which the fire
is pushed by the "stoker," so as to admit the removal of clinker; the heat arising
from combustion pass to a combustion chamber by way of perforated arch or
arches, thence to another hot chamber or heat trap; the combustion chamber first
referred to is closed by means of a damper connected by lever, chain, and pulley,
or other like device, with the door of the furnace, so that when the latter
is opened for stoking or other purpose the damper is down or closed, excluding the
admission of cold air, the heat and noxious gases arising from combustion passed
to the combustion chamber, the noxious gases being therein, and by means of the
heat in the second hot chamber or heat trap decomposed and destroyed, the residue
passing on from the heat trap to the flue and chimney.
The supply of air necessary to sustain combustion in the furnace where available
we propose to take from the sewers by connecting the latter with the furnace, so
that when the doors of the furnace are closed the only entrance for air is by way
of or from the sewer, the lower portion of the furnace, that is to say, the space
below the bars, being closed by doors, so as to fence and prevent the entrance of air
to the furnace from underneath the furnace bars; where steam is to be raised we
arrange the boiler over the perforated arches herein referred to, the under part of
the boiler forming the crown of the combustion and heat trap chambers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard Pease and Thomas Lupton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th October 1881.
RICHARD PEASE and THOMAS LUPTON, both of Bradford, in the County of York,
Brass Founders and Engineers.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SANITARY APPLIANCES AND
APPARATUS."
This Invention consists of further improvements in apparatus for the purpose
aforesaid, for which Letters Patent, No. 4768" was granted to us, and relates,
Firstly. To improvements of privies and ash pits.
Secondly. To improved apparatus to be employed in screening or assorting the
contents of ash pits, street and market refuse, or sweeping.
Thirdly. To improved apparatus for cutting, breaking, or disintegrating refuse,
vegetable matter, fish, and other like market, ash pit, or street sweeping, so as to
render such refuse available as manure.
Fourthly. To improved construction and arrangement of furnace to be employed
in the burning or destroying of sweeping and refuse and the decomposing of
noxious gases arising from decayed animal or vegetable matter, and the application
of heat arising therefrom to the "heating of water" and raising of steam, and for
cleansing sewers of noxious gasses.
In the construction of privies according to this our said Invention a screen is
employed in conjunction with the ordinary ash pit, so that when ashes are thrown
or passed through the door of the ash pit other fine ashes pass through the screen
and by way of an incline or shoot to the privy, the said screen being mounted upon
hinges, pivots, or slings, that it may be raised or swung over for the removal of
any obstruction or accumulation of ashes there under, and such screen is slung or
otherwise mounted as to admit of reciprocating or like motion for the purpose of
facilitating sifting or screening the ashes deposited thereon.
The apparatus for cutting, breaking, or disintegrating refuse vegetable matter,
fish, and other like refuse, comprises a shaft or axis provided with a series of
cutters, these being enclosed by a casing, portions of which in conjunction with the
appliances referred to also form cutting or breaking surfaces, the substances being
introduced to the casing and operated upon by the cutters being broken up, and
when mixed by the finer ashes from the screening are available as manure; the
rotary screen may be, as described, cylindrical, hexagonal, octagon, or other sided
figure, and may be composed of perforated plates or wire work.
The furnace comprises an angle or sloped shoot or " tip," by which refuse passes
to the furnace house (or by shoot to the furnace), the furnace grate bars having at
their end furthest from the feed door a dead plate or surface upon which the fire is
pushed by the "stoker," so as to admit the removal of clinker; the heat arising
from combustion pass to a combustion chamber by way of perforated arch or
arches, thence to another hot chamber or heat trap; the combustion chamber first
referred to is closed by means of a damper connected by lever, chain, and pulley,
or other like device, with. the door of the furnace, so that when the latter is
opened for stoking or other purpose the damper is down or closed, excluding the
admission of cold air; the heat and noxious gasses arising from combustion pass to
the combustion chamber, the noxious gasses being therein, and by means of the
heat in the second hot chamber or heat trap decomposed and destroyed, the residue
passing on from the heat trap to the flue and chimney.
The supply of air necessary to sustain combustion in the furnace where available
we propose to take from the sewers by connecting the latter with the furnace, so

page_text: that when the doors of the furnace are closed the only entrance for air is by way
of or from the sewer, the lower portion of the furnace, that is to say, the space
below the bars, being closed by doors, so as to fence off and prevent the entrance
of air to the furnace from underneath the furnace bars. Where steam is to be
raised we arrange the boiler over the perforated arches herein referred to, the
under part of the boiler forming the crown of the combustion and heat trap
chambers.
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will now
proceed to describe the same in detail, and in order that the Invention may be fully
understood we have hereunto annexed 3 Sheets of Drawings and have marked the
same with figures of reference, like figures denoting the same part in the various
views or Figures.
Fig. 1 is an elevation (end view) of screen for ash pit suspended or hung; Fig. 2
is a side elevation, and Fig. 3 is a plan of same.
At 1 is the ashes screen suspended by rods 2 at the point 3, so that when ashes
accumulate or are deposited as at 4 the screen may be shaken or oscillated on its
point 3, causing the fine ashes to pass through the bars of the screw 1 and thence
fall upon and down the incline 5 or otherwise to the privy at 6.
At Figs. 4, 5, & 6 are elevations and plan views of apparatus for cutting,
breaking, or disintegrating refuse vegetable matter, fish, and other like refuse.
At 7 is a shaft, having cutters or breakers 8 caused to rotate by means of gear
wheels 9, 10, and pulley 11, so as to break up and disintegrate refuse vegetables,
fish, and other like matter against the cutters 12, which are adjustable by set
screws 13, so as to be placed further from or nearer to the revolving arms 8, as the
matter being operated upon may require to be reduced more or less to a pulp;
14 is the casing enclosing the revolving beaters and cutters 15; a hopper through
which the refuse matter to be operated upon is supplied, and at 16 is the point of
discharge by way of the end.
Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, & 11 are elevations, plan, and sections of improved furnace or
destructor.
At 17 are the furnace bars having at the end furthest from the feed door a dead
plate or surface 18, upon which the fire is pushed by the stoker or attendant, so as
to admit the removal of clinker. The sides are also provided with dead plates 19,
of iron, fire clay, fire bricks or slabs, so as to deaden the heat at that point and
prevent the matter caking or clinkering fast to the sides 20 of the furnace. The
heat arising from combustion passes to a combustion chamber 21 by way of the
perforated arches 22, thence to another hot chamber or heat trap 23; the
combustion chamber 21 is closed by means of a damper 24 connected by lever 25
and chains or rods 26, 27, to door 28, so that when the door 28 is open for stoking
or other purpose the damper 24 is down (or nearly so), excluding the admission of
cold air; the heat and noxious gasses arising from combustion pass to the
combustion chamber or heat trap 23, the noxious gasses being by means of the heat
therein decomposed and destroyed, the residue thence passing to the flue or
chimney 29. At 30 is an air hole or vent, by way of which air may be admitted
to the combustion chamber 21.
Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, & 16 are modifications of appliances for regulating the
admission of air during the time the furnace door is open.
At 31 is the door 32, the damper connected by rods 33 and coupling 34, or
quadrants and racks 38, 38.
The hot air from flue 35 may by door 36 be diverted into chamber 37, which
chamber is for the purpose of drying tins and scraps assorted from refuse.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or

page_text: carried into practical effect, we would have it understood that what we claim as
our Invention is,-
Firstly. The combination and use of the screen 1 and suspenders 2 for purpose
described and as illustrated.
Secondly. The construction of apparatus comprising parts 12, 12, 8, and 13, in
combination and for purpose described and as illustrated by Drawings.
Thirdly. The construction of furnace having combustion chamber 21 and heat
trap chamber 23, in combination and constructed as described and as illustrated by
Drawings hereunto annexed or any mere modification thereof.
'
Fourthly. The several modifications of appliances for controlling the dampers
and regulating the admission of air, as illustrated by Figs. 11, Sheet 3, and
Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, Sheet 1.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Pease, for and on behalf of myself
and the said Thomas Lupton, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Eight day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and eighty one,
Witness,
HERBERT TURNER,
Clerk to
Walter Brierley,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
RICHARD PEASE. (L.S.)