Year: 1886

page_text: I, HUGH OWEN of Chester Street, Flint, in the County of Flint, Borough
Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object a chimney cowl, that no matter in which
direction the wind blows shall be assisted in its action by that wind.
Its principal parts are, 1st an ordinary chimney tube, 2nd. a wind guard below
the chimney top proper, preferably with two curves, one to deflect the wind
outward, the other to deflect it into the top; the first gets rid of the excess of wind,
the other deflects a sufficient amount in the right direction-3rd (above this
wind guard, and surrounding the pipe so as to have considerably more than double
the cross section area that the pipe has) a cylinder or prism preferably corre-
sponding in shape to the tube. In this prism the chimney pipe ends. 4th (fixed
to this chimney pipe and elevated by bolts or brackets above it, a sufficient height
to leave an area of opening greater than the cross section area of the pipe) a
conical or pyramidal cover also entirely surrounded by the cylinder. The lower
surface of this cap is preferably curved from centre to circumference, with a con-
cavity so as to cause a gradual deflection of any air or smoke from the perpen-
dicular to the horizontal, or alightly downward direction. The lip of the cap is
preferably rounded and very slightly larger in diameter than the tube.
With a model made on this plan in my possession, if we blow sideways or
upward into the cylinder, it causes an upward draught in the tube, while if we
point the bellows down the chimney top, and blow down, the draught in the
chimney tube is increased, the passing wind inducing a current in the chimney
tube to escape, which passes with the wind out at the lower edge of the cylinder.
The latter is fixed to the tube by studs, vertical diaphragms, or other convenient
means.

page_text: годинают горы.
I, HUGH OWEN of Chester Street, Flint, in the County of Flint, Borough
Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has for its object, a chimney cowl that no matter in which |
direction the wind blows shall be assisted in its action by that wind.
It is best described by aid of the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is an
elevation, Figure 2 or 2* section Figure 3 plan of a top clear of any wall.
Figure 4 a section, and Figure 5 plan of a top coming up alongside a wall
Figure 6 is a section and Figure 7 elevation of a ventilator top for an entire
building such as an ironworks shed, or tannery etcetera. Like letters are used
for like parts in all the drawings.
Referring more especially to Figures 1 to 5. A is the shaft, B a double curved
baffle plate to deflect the wind partly downward, partly upward; the lower curve
can be omitted if desired, and a single curve used with horizontal stiffening plate
below, or in the section, the two curves could be replaced by straight lines.
C conical (or pyramidal in case of a square pot) hood of slightly greater diameter
than the shaft A, having preferably a curved bottom and rounded to more
effectually allow the smoke to escape. The area of opening between the edges
of A and C should be about one fourth greater than the area of the shaft A.
This may however be a double cone or flat, if desired, as I find the shape of the
lower surface not very material so long as it is smooth, and with no sharp angles
or surfaces tending to oppose the laterally outward passage of the smoke. It is
supported in any convenient manner on the outer cylinder D or shaft A. In the
drawing it is shown supported on the shaft by legs F, F, F, in Figure 2 and
directly on the back plate in Figure 4. D is an outer short shaft or cylinder
attached to the shaft by plates or brackets E, E, or to the back plate in a lateral
top. It is placed at such a height above C that a line drawn from the lowest
point of D to any part of C shall be rather greater than the distance between D
and A. The area of this outer shaft should be about two and a half times that of
the inner shaft A, the clear area of space between the two being about one and a
half times the area of shaft A.
In Figures 6 and 7 in place of a circular or square shaft a long narrow shaft
extending along the apex of the roof for the entire length of the ridge or a part of
it is used, the various parts are rather modified to suit, but I have used the same
letters as in Figures 1 to 5, but with a dash, as every part of the earlier figures
has its corresponding part or equivalent in Figures 6 and 7. Instead of earthen-
ware or metal they are however preferably of wood, except shaft A¹ which is
preferably of lead or lead lined as shown.
The mode of action is as follows:-
If the wind is horizontal, the current crossing the top causes an upward current
in the chimney or long narrow shaft (in ridge ventilator), the baffle plate B (or B¹)
also deflects part of the wind upward through the cylinder D (or between guard

page_text: plate D¹) causing an induced current out of the shaft A (or A¹). If the wind is
upward, this effect is increased, while if the wind is downward entering the top of
the cylinder, the cap C (or C¹) deflects it outward, and as it passes the opening
below the cap it induces a current from the shaft to follow it. I have only shown
a few forms, but it is obvious that the horizontal section of the shaft and other
principal parts can be rectangular, polygonal, oval or other shape without departing
from the principles of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
The combination substantially as and for the purposes described of,
(1.) A chimney or ventilating shaft A (or A') with or without a baffle or guide
plate B (or B¹).
(2.) Conical, pyramidal or wedge shaped cap C (or C¹), whether it be blunt or
pointed on top or curved or straight in contour and
(3.) Guard plate or plates D (or D¹) surrounding or enclosing both C (or C¹) and
the upper part of A (or A¹) at approximately equal distances from the nearest
points of A and C (or À¹ and Ơ¹), whereby whether the air be deflected downward
or upward through the space enclosed by D (or D¹), it shall cause an induced
current outward through the opening between C and A (or C¹ and A¹) and shall
admit of free egress of the smoke or ventilator gases.
Dated thin tonth dow of Cantambor 1986