CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SHELTING ORES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Loude Tabberner, of No. 4, Trafalgar Square,
(Office for Patents), Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex, for the
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Loude Tabberner at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th September 1856.
I, JOHN LOUDE TABBERNER, of No. 4, Trafalgar Square (Office for Patents),
Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SHELTING ORES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in a new and peculiar construction of furnace,
having for its object, firstly, a more expeditious mode of smelting ores than
those hitherto employed for such purpose; and, secondly, for improving the
condition or character of the metal of the ores when reduced to a molten
state, by the use and employment of such said furnace, and in conjunction
therewith, the application of blast, either hot or cold.
The principal features in this Invention consist in directing the blast to the
body or belly of the furnace, as well as to the hearth thereof, for the purpose
of fusing or smelting the entire mass of ore in the furnace simultaneously, or
nearly so. This may be effected by constructing the boshes of the hearth of

page_text: the furnace of a pyramidical or conical form, with innumerable holes through
the same for preventing the furnace from choking, it being proposed by this
Invention to crush the ores into particles, to enable the metallic portion
thereof to be more readily acted upon by the heat than when the furnace is
charged with large lumps or cobs, as hitherto practised in smelting furnaces.
Into the belly of the furnace tuyère pipes are built for the admission of the
blast thereinto; said pipes being in connection with vertical and horizontal
main pipes, fitted with slides or dampers for regulating the quantity of blast
admitted to any particular part of the furnace. The lower part of the vertical
blast pipes pass through small furnaces, in which fires (when hot blast is required)
are kindled, the heat wherefrom passes up and along flues, in which the
vertical and horizontal main pipes are placed for heating the air as it passes
through and along the same. And it would be well here to remark, that the
mode hitherto generally practised in smelting furnaces has been to direct blast
into the hearth only thereof, thereby requiring several hours to smelt or fuse
the contents of a large furnace.
The object and intention of this Invention is, therefore, to dispense with the
necessity for employing one or more large furnaces, and to use in lieu thereof
several small furnaces, the combined capacities whereof are equal to that of
one or more large furnaces, and to cause these small furnaces to discharge
their contents at short intervals of time into one large reservoir, from which
the molten metal may be drawn for casting from. And it is this mode of
constructing and arranging furnaces and the directing of blast to any particular
part thereof at discretion, which constitutes this Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Loude Tabberner in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 4th March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LOUDE TABBERNER, of No. 8, Lorn Road, North Brixton, in the County of
Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Loude Tabberner, Her special licence that I, the said John Loude
Taberner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the

page_text: said John Loude Tabberner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN SMELTING ORES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Loude Tabberner, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Loude Tabberner, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in a new and peculiar construction of furnace,
having for its object, firstly, a more expeditious mode of smelting ores than
those hitherto employed for such purpose; and, secondly, for improving the
condition or character of the metal of the ores when reduced to a molten
state, by the use and employment of such said furnace, in conjunction there-
with, the application of blast either hot or cold.
The principal features in this Invention consist in directing the blast to the
body or belly of the furnace, as well as to the hearth thereof, for the purpose
of fusing or smelting the entire mass of ore in the furnace simultaneously, or
nearly so. This may be effected by constructing the boshes of the hearth of
the furnace of a pyramidical or conical form, with innumerable holes through
the same for preventing the furnace from choking, it being proposed by this
Invention to crush the ores into particles to enable the metallic portion
thereof to be more readily acted upon by the heat than when the furnace is
charged with large lumps or cobs, as hitherto practised in smelting furnaces.
Into the belly of the furnace tuyère pipes are built, for the admission of the
blast thereinto; said pipes being in connection with vertical and horizontal
main pipes, fitted with slides or dampers for regulating the quantity of blast
admitted to any particular part of the furnace. The lower part of the vertical
blast pipes pass through small furnaces, in which fires are kindled when hot
blast is required, the heat wherefrom passes up and along flues, in which the
vertical and horizontal main pipes are placed for heating the air as it passes
through and along the same. And it would be well here to remark, that the

page_text: mode hitherto generally practised in smelting furnaces has been to direct blast
into the hearth only thereof, thereby requiring several hours to smelt or fuse
the contents of a large furnace.
The object and intention of this Invention is, therefore, to dispense with
the necessity for employing one or more large furnaces, and to use in lieu
thereof several small furnaces, the combined capacities whereof are equal to
that of one or more large furnaces, and to cause these small furnaces to
discharge their contents at short intervals of time into one large reservoir,
from which the molten metal may be drawn for casting from. And it is the
above principle of constructing and arranging furnaces, and the directing of
blast to any particular part thereof at discretion, which I claim as constituting
my Invention of improvements in smelting ores.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Loude Tabberner, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
ALEX PRINCE,
Agent for Patents,
JOHN LOUDE TABBERNER. (L.S.)
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.