An Improved Machine for Cutting and Trimming Wood or other suitable Material to an Angle, Bevel, Mitre, Square, or other desired. Shape.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 6th July, '1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
An Improved Machine for Cutting and Trimming Wood or other
suitable Material to an Angle, Bevel, Mitre, Square, or other
desired. Shape.
I, REUBEN JOHN LINES of 66 Colwyn. Road Northampton in the County
of Northampton Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described' and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to a peculiar construction, arrangement and combination
of the parts of the said, machine, so as to enable the attendant. to perform.any.of
the above operations.
The said machine consists of a movable angle plate or abutment. (A), and
a plate or table (T) on which the operator lays the material to be cut, this table
is made true on the top and front edge, and also on the underneath side where
necessary by machining, or otherwise.
Within a certain radius, in.this size of machine preferably eight inches from, the
front edge of the table I have cut through the said. table a semicircular slot
or groove (B), which is also cut at each end sufficiently, near to the front edge
of the plate, or table to allow the required movement to the angle plate or
abutment (A).
This semicircular slot (B) must be so true, and in such a position, that the centre
from, which it is described shall fall exactly at the front edge of the plate or
table (T), and preferably at an equal, distance from either end of the said table.
Within the semicircle formed by the slot the table is marked in. degrees,
and angles, to form a guide so that the movable angle plate or abutment, (A.), can
be set to any required angle.
The movable angle plate or abutment A, working on the top of the said
table (T), is machined or otherwise made true,so that the sides, and the apex of
the angle formed by the sides are perfectly square with the bottom.
The angle formed by the sides with each other should be a little less than
90 degrees, but in special cases it may be varied so as to enable the operator to cut
obtuse angles, as well as acute angles.
On the bottom of this angle plate or abutment (A), I fix a part or segment (c) of
a truly turned ring, which is of the same radius as the. before mentioned semi-
circular slot B, (in which it is made to work freely, but still to fit,), which is, in, the
table (T).
The position of this circular piece or segment (c), is such that the centre, of the
circle of which it is a part, coincides perfectly with the apex of the angle formed
by the sides of the angle plate or abutment (A), therefore on attaching this.angle
plate to the table (T), the circular piece. (c) on the bottom. will fit in the,semi-
circular slot (B) in the table (T), and the apex of the angle of the sides will truly
coincide with the front edge of the plate or table (T),
I also make two holes through the angle plate (A) and circular piece: (c),
in which I place bolts provided with wing nuts, these bolts are also carried through
the plate or table (T), and, so arranged that the angle, plate or abutment (A).may
be fastened on the table (T) in any desired position..
The sides of this angle plate or abutment. (A) forming, an angle preferably less
than 90 degrees the circular piece (c) on the bottom; allows the plate, or,

page_text: abutment (A), to be moved from one side to the other guided by the semicircular
slot (B) in the table (T), and so allowing the wood or other material, to be laid on
the table (T) and pressed against the angle plate or abutment A, on either the
right hand or the left, and thus enabling the operator to cut the material to any
angle on either side.
The said machine also consists of an L shaped plate (f), two cogwheel
segments (s), and a rack bracket (r).
This rack bracket (r) is fixed to the underneath side or bottom of the table (T),
by means of bolts or screws, the said bracket (r) reaching from end to end of the
table (T), and it is provided at each end, on the bottom with a number of teeth
forming at each end a rack (R).
This bracket () is machined or otherwise made true so as to fit to the bottom of
the table (T) and also to have a true face to coincide with the before mentioned
front edge of the table (T), and also to allow an L shaped plate (ƒ) to be
bolted to it.
This plate () is also machined or otherwise made true on the bottom and side,
so that when bolted to the rack bracket (r) there is formed a true and parallel
opening or guide space, running the whole length of the table, wherein I place at
each end a cog segment (s), each of these cog segments (s) being fitted to work in
the corresponding rack (R) of the rack bracket (r), each cog-segment (s) is
provided with a hole through which is placed a pin (i) of sufficient length to go
through a suitable slot ; cut in the side of the rack-bracket (r) or the front
plate (f).
These pins () are made of suitable shape to keep in their places, and also to
keep the cog-segments (s) from lifting out of their places during the operation of
cutting, or working the machine, and also to keep the cog-segments (s) from going
too far in a backward position, or direction.
Each of these cog-segments (s) is also provided with a groove or space (6) fitted
to receive the hereafter to be described plate or holder (h) of the knife or
cutting tool (k).
The said machine also consists of a plate or holder (), a knife or cutting
tool (k), and a lever or handle (!) for operating the same.
The holder (h) is made of suitable form to carry the knife or cutting tool (&),
and is provided with slots and bolts, for adjustment of the cutting tool (k), and
with projections at each end to enable it to fit on the top and side, and also in the
grooves or spaces (b) of the before-mentioned cog-segments (s), this holder (h) is
also provided with set screws (a) made taper at the points, to enable the said
holder (h) to be fastened when in its place to its corresponding cog-segment (3).
On the back of the holder (h) I also make a lug or projection (p) with a hole
running through the same in the direction of the length of the holder, wherein can
be placed a suitable handle or lever (1), whereby the power is obtained to operate
the machine. On the front of the holder (h) a projection is also made running the
whole length of the knife or cutter (k), so as to form a guard for the knife (k), and
also to form along with other ribs or projections on that side of the holder (4), a
guide, to keep the knife or cutter (k) perfectly true, with the before mentioned
front edge of the table (T), and the apex of the angles of the movable angle plate
or abutment (A).
The before mentioned cog-segments (s), knife or cutter holder (4) and knife (k),
the bevel of which is towards the holder plate (h), are made in such a manner that
when connected together the knife or cutter (k) forms a true face on the one side
with holder (h) and cog-segment (s) to which it may be attached, and the ribs or
projections and guard on the other side also form a true face with the other side of
the same cog-segment (s).
The thickness of the holder (h), and knife (k), and cog-segment (s) being such
that, they fit properly between the rack bracket (r) on the one side, and the
L shaped or front plate (f) on the other side, therefore this rack bracket (r)
and front plate (f) form a guide for the knife or cutter (k), and holder (h),

page_text: whereby the wood, or other material, is cut true with the edge or apex of the
movable angle plate or abutment (A), and the front edge of the table (T).
I also attach to each end of the rack bracket (r), and projecting or bending
round each end of the front or L plate (f) a small bracket (d) preferably wrought
iron, with a set screw attached, whereby the front plate (1) can be adjusted so as
to fit close to the before-mentioned cog-segments (s), and the knife or cutter
holder (h), each of these brackets (d) are also useful for the purpose of detaching
the knife or cutter holder (4) from the cog-segment (s) to which it may be
attached, the before-mentioned set screw (a) is partly withdrawn from the
holder (h), and the knife or cutter holder (h) is pressed backwards until the
lug wherein the screw is placed presses upon the said small bracket (d), this
movement in conjunction with the pin () in the cog-segment (s) which presses
against the end of the slot (j) in the rack-bracket (r), and so stops the cog-
segment (s) from being pressed so far backward as the knife holder (4), causes tlie
holder () to lift and loosen itself from the cog-segment (s) to which it is attached.
and enables the operator to withdraw it from that cog-segment (s), and to turn it
over or reverse it and attach it to the cog-segment (s) at the opposite end of the
machine, the corresponding bracket (d) on that end enabling the detaching process
to be carried out in a similar way when necessary.
I further provide attached to each of the cog-segments (s) by small hinges and
screws, two pieces of steel (g) or other suitable material, of a suitable length, and
lying within the oblong groove formed between the rack-bracket (r) and front.
plate, each of these pieces (g) moves along with the cog-segment (s) to which it
is attached, and is kept in position on the bottom of the groove by a small plate (n).
attached to the front plate (/), through an opening in the centre of that plate.
The above-mentioned steel plates (g) form a cover whereby the cuttings from the
material operated on are prevented from falling into the racks (R), and so
hindering the working of the machine.
I will now describe the operation of cutting or trimming the wood, or other
suitable material.
The knife or cutter holder (h) with the knife (k) fitted to its place is connected
to one of the cog-segments (s), and fastened in position with the set-screw (a),.
the lever (1) is placed in the hole or slot (p) provided for it, the movable angle
plate or abutment (A) is now set to the position required as shown by the degree
or angle marked on the table, and it is then fastened with its wing nuts. The
wood or other material to be cut is then placed on the table (T), and held against
the movable angle plate or abutment (A). The lever (1) being then pulled.
downwards the material is cut as desired.
The power required being small by reason of the movable fulcrum, which is
obtained by the rolling of the cog-segment (s) in the rack (R) and so advancing
the position of the fulcrum of the lever at the same time as the knife or cutter (k).
advances during the cutting process.
When an angle from the other side of movable angle plate or abutment (A) is
required the lever (1) and holder (h) is disconnected and turned over or reversed,.
and then connected to the cog-segment (s) at the other end, the cutting operation
being as before, one and the same knife or cutter (k) and holder (4) being only
required to cut the material on either the right or left of the machine.
will now proceed to refer to the annexed drawings from which the nature of
my said invention will be more clearly understood.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine constructed according to this.
invention.
Figure 2 is a plan or top view, Figure 3 is a side or end elevation, Figure 4
is a plan of the rack-bracket (r).
Figure 5 is an elevation of the rack bracket (r), showing at one end the
cog-segment (s) and pin () and groove (6) for the cutter holder (4), also one of
the guards (g) for preventing the cuttings from falling into the rack (R), and also.

page_text: with the peculiar shaped slot (j) at the other end, in which the pin (i) works to
keep the cog-segment (s) from lifting.
Figure 6 is a plan of the guard (g).
Figure 7. is an elevation of the knife or cutter (k). Figure 8 is an end view of
the same.
Figure 9 is a half elevation of cutter holder (h) with cog segment (s) attached.
Figure 10 is a plan of the same with the holder, (h) in section.
Figure 11 is a plan of the bottom of movable angle plate or abutment. (A),
showing, segment ring (c). Figure 12 is an elevation of the same.
The same letters of reference, indicate similar parts in the several figures.
It will be understood that the form, materials and dimensions of the parts of my
improved machine may be varied as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
The arrangement and combination of mechanism above described, and illustrated
in my drawings. All substantially as and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 27th day of April 1895.
REUBEN JOHN LINES.