IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Jones, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARTRIDGES."
Scaled the 22nd July 1873, and dated the 31st January 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Jones at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,.ou
the 31st January 1873.
I, EDWARD JONES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to manufacture cartridges in a cheaper
manner than heretofore.
The Invention relates more particularly to that class of cartridge cases
in which the metallic head and the body (or tube) are held together by
means of a wad of paper or of other suitable material, and which usually
have a cup or chamber of metal to receive the anvil and the percussion
cap.

page_text: In order to form the metal cap chamber as now used, copper or other
expensive metal of very good quality, and possessing great malleability
is employed, thus rendering the articles costly. The present Invention
consists in dispensing with the metal cap chamber by forming the cap
chamber in the wad itself by pressure or otherwise.
A hole of any size or shape may be made in the metallic head (pro-
vided the lead be not thereby too much weakened) and when the head
and body and wad are pressed together, the wad is recessed or counter-
sunk to form the cap chamber.
One or more holes may be left or be made in the wad to allow the
flash from the fulminate to pass to the powder charge, the central part
of the wad being left sufficiently thick to sustain the blow of the striker.
By thus forming the cap chamber in the wad itself, instead of making
the cap chamber of metal, I am enabled to reduce the quantity of
metal employed as well as to economize labour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Jones in the Great Seal Patent Offico
on the 30th July 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
JONES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Mechanical Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Jones, Her special licence that
I, the said Edward Jones, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Edward Jones, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Jones, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or

page_text: the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Jones, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the samo
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
The object of my Invention is to manufacture cartridges with a
flanged metal head in a cheaper manner than heretofore.
The improvement relates specially to that class of cartridges in which
as hitherto usually made the metallic head, provided with a metal
cup or chamber to receive the anvil and the percussion cap, is secured
to the body or tube of the case by means of a wad of paper pulp or
equivalent material.
In manufacturing metal heads with a cap chamber, copper of very
good quality or other expensive metal possessing great malleability is
cmployed. Now my Invention consists in a means of avoiding the
necessity for this metal cap chamber, and thereby of saving the cost
conscquent upon its use in the manner that has been hitherto usual, by
employing a wad made in the manner herein-after described, which
enables the metal cap chamber to be dispensed with, and that without
detracting from the quality of the cartridge case.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents, in longitudinal
section a cartridge case made according to my Invention, and Fig. 2 is
an end view of the same.
a is a paper tube intended to receive the charge, and a¹ is a strengthening
piece applied thereto; is the metal head, which instead of being made
as heretofore out of a disc of thin metal, is formed from a ring, the
centre of the disc from which the ring was formed having been removed
by stamping or otherwise. From the ring of metal thus obtained I form
the flanged metal head b, turning up the inner edge of the metal in
order to provide a countersunk recess for the wad to enter under the

page_text: pressure of the die or plunger. By this means the paper wad or equi-
valent material c effectually secures the flanged head to the tube a after
the well known manner.
In the fly or other press used for consolidating the wad and thereby
securing the parts together, I provide a counter die corresponding in
shape and size to the interior of the ordinary metallic cap chamber,
which die, standing up through the central hole in the metal head (when
the latter is placed in the press) will as pressure is applied core out or
form a cap chamber in the plastic wad.
One or more holes may be left in the wad to allow the flash from the
fulminate to pass to the powder charge by providing either the plunger
or the counter die with a suitable projection or projections for forming
the same; or holes may be subsequently made through the wad by
drilling, it being understood that the central part of the wad should be
left sufficiently thick to sustain the blow of the striker used to explode 1
the percussion cap.
By thus forming the cap chamber in the wad itself, instead of using a
cap chamber made of metal, I am enabled to reduce the quantity of
metal employed in forming the flanged metal head as well as to econo-
misc labour.
2
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention, and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent. I claim, the improved
cartridgo case, in which aro combined a flanged metallic head and a
centrally recessed wad forming the cap chamber, substantially as above 2
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Jones, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
3