Improvements in Stoppering Bottles, Jars, or other Vessels..
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in Stoppering Bottles, Jars, or other Vessels..
We, FREDERICK ANDREWS of 157 Barry Road, East Dulwich, London,
Commercial Traveller, and WILLIAM YARDLEY ANDREWS of 31, Camberwell
Green, London, Estate Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in stoppering bottles (such as for wine
beer spirits or aërated waters) jars or the like or other vessels to which our
improvements are applicable especially where there is internal pressure or where
sound joint or closure is required both gas-tight and liquid-tight-the objects (inter
alia) being to provide a simple stopper, easy. to fix in position or remove when
desired, which will not contaminate or in any way injuriously affect the contents of
the bottle etc. and which moreover requires for use therewith only a very easily
made bottle (i.e. a bottle which is quite practicable to manufacture) and this
stopper is also very easy to manufacture from inexpensive material or materials
and consequently very economical to produce and in use.
For the sake of example we will proceed to describe our invention as applied to
stoppering bottles such as glass bottles for aërated waters (it of course being
understood that we do not confine ourselves to such bottles or any other bottles) as
follows:-
From any suitable metal or material or combination of metals or materials
(advantageously a non-corrodable metal or alloy such as spelter) we mould or
otherwise suitably form a rather deep cap (ie. a short cylinder closed at one end)
the closed end of this cylinder or cap on its outside being milled or indented
around its edge or otherwise suitably formed to afford a good hold or means of
grasping said cap.
Inside the said cap we arrange or provide a pad wad lining or cushion of any
suitable elastic or resilient material to form a tight packing around the top edge of
the inouth of the, bottle and this pad or lining etc. should be of a material which
will not contaminate or in any way injuriously affect the contents of the bottle for
instance a piece of cork or cork disc or discs which may be cemented in position
or simply held therein by its own elasticity or asbestos may be used or other
suitable material as desired.
.
In the bottom edge of this cap we form a slot (advantageously vertical)
extending upwards (say an inch or more) and then this slot is continued
horizontally (or approximately horizontally) for a short distance (say an inch--
or other suitable distance as required) and there terminates thus forming a sort of
inverted L-shaped slot.
If desired the horizontal slot may extend right and left of the vertical slot thus
forming a sort of T-shaped slot or more than one inverted L-shaped or more than
one inverted T-shaped slot (or combination thereof) may be used if desired.
The remainder of the side wall of said cap is or may be solid and surrounds and
encloses therein the upper end of the neck and mouth of the bottle and bas this
additional advantage that in opening in case of the neck of the bottle breaking
the band of the opener is thereby protected from injury.“
...

page_text: The bottles for use with these stoppers each have one two or more studs lugs or
projections (advantageously of any suitable shape-formed arranged or mounted on
the outside of the bottle neck of a size and in a position so as to be adapted to.
receive thereover the aforesaid slot in the side wall of the stopper.
The operation is as follows:-
The stopper is placed on the bottle mouth with the vertical slot over the stud:
on the bottle neck and is then forced tightly onto the bottle (or vice versa) so that
the said pad or packing in the cap is compressed and allows the cap to be pressed
further on to the bottle until the horizontal slot is opposite the said stud etc. where-
upon a partial twist or revolution can be given to the cap (or to the bottle or both)
and it will then be firmly locked and held, tight on, the bottle mouth by said stud
engaging in said horizontal slot and consequently the bottle thus stoppered cannot
possibly come unstoppered of its own accord as the greater the internal pressure
the tighter the hold while on the other hand on giving a partial twist to the cap
(in the opposite direction) directly the horizontal, slot is clear of the said stud the
cap can be removed from the bottle..
By this arrangement no rim is required on the neck of the bottle, and the top
edge of the mouth of the bottle may be bevelled so as to make a better impression
on the cork or other packing in the cap..
Also another advantage is that from.its shape this-cap will prevent the contents
of the bottle if under great pressure from squirting, upwards as it will turn and
direct downwards any such escaping, liquid..
Dated this 22nd day of Rob 100%
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,.
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C...
Agents for the Applicants.
. We, FREDERICK ANDREWs of 157 Barry Road, East Dulwich, London,
Commercial Traveller, and WILLIAM, YARDLEY ANDREWS of 31, Camberwell
Green, London, Estate Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and' by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in stoppering, bottles (such as for wine,
beer,, spirits or aerated waters) jars or. the. like. or other vessels to which our
improvements are applicable especially, where there is internal pressure, or where
sound joint or closure is required both gas-tight and liquid-tight-the objects (inter
alia) being to provide a simple stopper, easy to fix in position or remove when
desired, which will not contaminate or in any way injuriously, affect the contents of
the bottle etc. and which moreover requires for use therewith, only a very easily.
made bottle (ie. a bottle which is quite practicable to manufacture); and this stopper
is also very easy to manufacture from inexpensive, material. or materials and
consequently very economical to produce and in use..
For the sake of example we will proceed to describe our invention as applied to
stoppering bottles such as glass bottles for beer, wine, and spirits (it of course being
understood that we do not confine ourselves to such bottles or any other bottles)
as follows:-
From, any suitable metal or material or combination of metals on materials
(advantageously a non-corrodable metal or alloy. such as aluminium or spelter) we
mould or otherwise suitably form a rather deep cap. (i.e. a. short cylinder closed at
one end) the closed end of this cylinder or cap on, its outside being milled or
indented around its edge or otherwise suitably. formed; to afford, as good hold ov

page_text: means of grasping said cap-both for putting same on (for instance by machinery)
and for removing same."
Inside the said cap we arrange or provide (and secure in any suitable manner) a
pad wad: lining or cushion of any suitable elastic or resilient material to form a
tight packing around the top edge of the mouth of the bottle and this pad or
lining etc. should be of a material which will not contaminate or in any way
injuriously affect the contents of the bottle for instance a piece of cork or cork
disc or discs which may be cemented in position or simply held therein by its own
elasticity or asbestos may be used or other suitable material as desired.
In the bottom edge of this cap we form a slot (advantageously vertical) extending
upwards (say an inch or more) and then this slot is continued horizontally for a
short distance (say an inch or other suitable distance as required) and there
terminates thus forming a sort of inverted L-shaped slot.
If desired the horizontal slot may extend right and left of the vertical slot thus
forming a sort of T-shaped slot and two of such inverted L-shaped slots or two of
such inverted T-shaped slots (or combination thereof) must be used or more than
two as desired.
The remainder of the side wall of said cap is solid (or may be perforated for
instance with a word or words) and surrounds and encloses therein the upper end
of the neck and mouth of the bottle and has this additional advantage that in
opening in case of the neck of the bottle breaking the hand of the opener is thereby
protected from injury.
The bottles for use with these stoppers each have two or more studs lugs or
projections (of any suitable shape) formed arranged or mounted on the outside of
the bottle neck of a size and shape and in a position so as to be adapted to receive
thereover the aforesaid slots in the side wall of the stopper.
And in order that our invention may be easily understood and readily carried into
practice we will proceed to further describe same with reference to the drawings
hereunto annexed :-
Fig. 1 is a side view of the neck and mouth of a bottle adapted to be stoppered
according to our present invention with the stopper detached and shown just
above same.
Fig. 2 shows the stopper placed on the mouth of the bottle but not yet secured
and before pressure is applied thereto.
Fig. 3 shows the stopper secured in position on the mouth of the bottle according
to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on line 3-3 Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the mouth and neck of the bottle alone-ou
line 1-1 Fig. 1-showing the lip D thereof rounded.
Figs. 6 to 10 show various modifications in the external form of the head of
the stopper.
Fig. 6 showing an octagonal head instead of a circular milled edge as shown in
Figs. 1 to 4.
Fig. 7 shows the top of a stopper of regular pentagonal form.
2
Fig. 8 is a circular head having a cross cut channel therein (like the cross cut
in the head of a screw to receive the screw driver) by means of which the stopper
can be readily attached in a machine-the edge of this stopper being circular and
milled like Figs. 1 to 4 or otherwise suitably arranged to be grasped by the hand
when removing said stopper from the bottle etc.
Fig. 9 is a side elevation and Fig. 10 a plan of a stopper having a tongue or
projection such as y by means of which to impart the necessary motion to the
stopper when attaching or removing same.
Referring now to Figs. 1 to 5 :-
A is the bottle neck having two studs or projections B B formed integral therewith
the lower edge B₁ of each such stud B being advantageously formed as shown
parallel to the horizontal line CC (Fig. 1) of the mouth of the bottle.
The lip or edge D of the bottle mouth may be flat as shown in Fig. 4 or may be

page_text: rounded as shown in Fig. 5 and this latter form we have found very advantageous
when stoppering bottles according to our present invention.
E is a circular cap or short cylinder having a vertical slot F on each side thereof
and each such vertical slot terminates in a horizontal slot G so that the horizontal
edge Elis formed on each side of said stopper below the aforesaid horizontal
recess G.
The end of this horizontal edge E¹ is rounded off (if desired) as shown at E²
Fig. 2.
His a disc or wad of cork or other suitable material fitted inside under the head
of the cap E-see Fig. 4.
Ex is the circular milled edge by which to grasp said cap E or the head or top
edge of said cap may be formed externally in any other suitable manner for instance
in any of the forms shown in Figs. 6 to 10 as before explained.
The distance of the horizontal edges E' to the underside of the disc or packing H
(before compression of the latter takes place) is less than the distance from the
horizontal edges B' to the horizontal line C C of the top of the bottle neck
(according to the resilience of the material used as packing H) so that in order to
get the stopper on the bottle strong pressure has to be exerted to compress the
cork or packing H before the edges E¹ will pass under the edges B' of the studs B
and thereby allow the stopper to be turned from the position shown in Fig. 2 into
the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
The operation is as follows:-—
The stopper E is placed on the mouth of the bottle A with the vertical slots F
over the studs B on the bottle neck and is thus forced tightly on to the bottle (or
vice versa) so that the cork or packing H in the cap is compressed and allows the
cap to be pressed further on to the bottle until the horizontal edges E¹ will pass
under the horizontal edges B' of the studs B whereupon a partial twist or revolution
is given to the cap E (or to the bottle A-or both) and the stopper will be firmly
locked and held tight on the bottle mouth as by reason of the said edges E' being
exactly at right angles to the direction of the strain (in other words at right angles
to the vertical axis of the bottle) consequently the bottle thus stoppered cannot
possibly come unstoppered of its own accord no matter what the internal pressure
may be while on the other hand on giving a partial twist to the cap (in the opposite
direction to that just described) directly the horizontal edges El are clear of the
studs B the cap can be removed from the bottle.
A further advantage is that from its shape this cap will prevent the contents of
the bottle if under great pressure from squirting upwards (when opening same) as
it will turn and direct downwards any such escaping liquid.
Instead of two studs B on the bottle neck and two inverted L-shaped slots FG
as aforesaid three or other suitable number of each may be used as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what`
we claim is —
1. In stoppering bottles jars or other vessels-a cap adapted to fit over the mouth
of the bottle etc. having two or more inverted L-shaped slots in the bottom edge of
said cap the lower horizontal edge of each such slot being parallel to the horizontal
lining or packing inside the end of said cap in combination and acting in conjunction
with studs (corresponding in number to said slots in the cap) on the exterior of the
bottle neck and adapted to receive and hold the said lower horizontal edge of each
such slot in the aforesaid cap horizontally under the lower edge of said studs
substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. A stopper or cap such as E adapted to fit over the mouth of a suitable bottle
jar or other vessel adapted to be stoppered thereby having two inverted L-shaped
slots such as F G in the bottom edge thereof with the horizontal edges E' of said
slots parallel to the packing H inside the end of said cap in combination and acting
in conjunction with two studs or projections such as B on the exterior of the bottle

page_text: neck under the lower edges B¹ of which said studs the edges E¹ are forced and
there horizontally retained substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-
before described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 21st day of November 1895.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.