IMPROVE- MENTS IN CONDENSING APPARATUS FOR STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Morgan Lawrence Pairy, of St. Paul's Church-
yard, in the City of London, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CONDENSING APPARATUS FOR STEAM ENGINES."
Sealed the 19th September 1865, and dated the 20th July 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Morgan Lawrence Pariy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th July 1865.
I, MORGAN LAWRENCE PARRY, of St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONDENSING APPARATUS FOR STEAM ENGINES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment in connection with an elevated
injection or wet condenser applied to a steam engine of a discharge pipe
having a descent greater than the height of a column of water which balances
the pressure of the atmosphere, by which means I am enabled to obtain
without an air pump the advantage due to a more or less perfect vacuum in
working the engine.

page_text: The condenser consists of a vessel of suitable capacity and strength to
resist the pressure of the atmosphere; a discharge pipe is connected with the
bottom of the condenser, and extends downward to a depth of over 84 feet
and dips into a cistern, box, or other receptacle for water in which its mouth
is immersed. In order to obtain the proper vertical height for the pipe, in
cases where sufficient fall from the level of the engine cannot be obtained,
the condenser will require to be elevated above the engine.
The injection pipe through which the water to effect condensation of steam
is injected is supplied by a donkey pump independently of the action of the
engine; this pipe passes through the waste pipe, but it may enter the con-
denser in any other way The exhaust pipes are connected with a pipe which
communicates with the upper part of the condenser, and may be extended
upward to any height to serve as an escape steam pipe whenever it may be
desired not to use the condenser; this pipe is provided with a stop valve or
coch to close it when the condenser is to be used.
The condensation of the steam is effected in the same manner as in the
condensers of low-pressure engines; the steam from the exhaust pipe or pipes
enters the condenser and meets with the shower of cold water from the
injection pipe. The water escapes from the condenser by the waste pipe, and
the weight of the constantly descending column in this pipe maintains the
vacuum on the engine
This apparatus can be applied at comparatively small cost and with great
advantage to any high-pressure engine, and in any engine it will maintain the
vacuum at much less cost of power than it can be maintained by the ordinary
air pump.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Morgan Lawrence Parry in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th January 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MORGAN
LAWRENCE PARRY, of St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Iler heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said

page_text: Morgan Lawrence Parry, Her special licence that I, the said Morgan Lawrence
Parry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Morgan Lawrence Pairy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter duing the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CONDENSING APPARATUS FOR STEAM ENGINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the sand Morgan Lawrence Pauy, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or then, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Morgan Lawience Parry, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing herunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say).-
My Invention relates to an improved construction of condenser applicable
to steam engines of either high or low pressure. My improved condensor is
provided with a suitable steam pipe, injection pipe, and discharge pipe,
together with a flange cast in one piece with the outer case, so as to receive
the joints for connecting the lower ends of the pipes with the top end of the
union casting.
In the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my improved
steam condenser A, provided with a flange D, to secure it to a suitable
support; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation or longitudinal vertical section taken
through the greater part of the same; Fig. 3 is a detached view of the
injection pipe and rose F; Fig. 4 is a top view of Fig 1 with the cap, cover,
or dome E removed, and showing the perforated disc or plate I as see.
at x x in Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a detached view of the steam pipe G; Fig. 6
is a top view of the union casting B'.
It will be seen on refering to Fig. 2 that the injection pipe F surrounds
the steam pipe G, so that the injection water will partially condense the steam
in the pipe G before it reaches the top part E of the condenser. The dis-
charge pipe or passage is the annular space formed by the outer case A

page_text: which surrouds the injection pipe F. The discharge pipe descends past the
pipes G and C, and passes through the union casting B' into the hot well.
The three pipes A, F, and G aro arranged concentrically one within the other,
and are thus combined in one pipe, and are connected with the shell of the
condenser. In this manner the unequal expansion of the pipes is accommo-
dated, and support is given by cach to the other. By a slight alteration in
the construction of the union casting B' and rose F the parts A and E can be
substituted for the steam pipe and G for the injection or discharge pipe or
passage. The top end of the pipe G is open and discharges the escape steam
against the cap or cover E of the condensing chamber. The rose upon the
upper end of the injection pipe Ffits loosely around the pipe G, and the per-
forated plate 1 is also fitted loosely around the pipe F, in order to compensate
for any unequal expansion or contraction of the pipes F, C, and A. The
condenser A, E, the union casting B', the rose I, and the perforated plate I
are, by preference, made of brass, and the three "pipes A, F, and G of sheet
copper or any other suitable material. This improved condenser must stand
in such a position as will give the discharge pipe A a perpendicular fall of
water to the hot well of thirty-four feet or a column sufficient to balance the
weight of the atmosphere.
The operation of the condenser is as follows:-The steam pipe G¹ being
connected with the exhaust pipe of the steam cugine, and the pipe C being
made to communicate with F, which is connected to a suitable injection
pump not shown in the Diawings, the engine is started, the exhaust steam
and injection water through the rose F come in direct contact, and the
velocity of both being stopped by the cap E of the condenser, time is given
for a thorough mixture of the cold water and steam, condensation will then
take place, and the water, by falling upon the perforated plate or disc I, will
be further detained in order to give time for a perfect condensation of the
steam, the condensed steam and water will then fall down into the discharge
pipe A through the plate I. The discharge pipe A being open at the lower
end and submerged below the surfaco of the water in the hot well thirty-four
feet from the condenser, a column of water is obtained whose weight equals
that of the atmosphere, and will therefore exhaust the condenser in a very
perfect manner, and draw all the condensed water from the engine and escape
pipe over into the discharge pipe, and also lift the water of injection in the
pipe from a depth proportionate to the vacuum formed in the condenser.
Having thus fully described my Invention of improvements in condensing
apparatus for steam engines, and having explained the manner of cari ying the

page_text: same into effect, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure under the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the combination of the dis-
charge pipe or column of water contained therein with the pipes F and G and
10se F, for the purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Morgan Lawrence Parry, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Fourteenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
M. L. PARRY. (L.S.)