Improvements in Pumps.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 8th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps.
We, WILLIAM FULLER of 216 Devonshire Road, Forest Hill, in the County of
Surrey, Clerk, and CORNELIUS JOHN BREMERKAMP, of Shenton Street, Old
Kent Road, in the County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in pumps and its chief object is to provide
a pump which has but few movable parts, and is of simple and strong construction,
and in which the passages provided for the fluid operated upon are free from
obstruction and are of ample unobstructed cross-sectional area throughout the whole
of their length.
A very important feature of our invention is the arrangement of the means
whereby the passage of fluid into and out of the pump is suitably controlled.
An improved pump constructed according to our said invention comprises a
cylinder or barrel fitted with a piston or a plunger which may be reciprocated
therein by any convenient means, and a valve preferably balanced or equilibrated,
for example a piston valve with two pistons, which valve is adapted to work in a
suitable valve chamber situated in proximity to the said pump cylinder. Or as an
alternative any other suitable form of equilibrium or balanced valve may be
employed.
Another important feature of our invention is the application of an easily
regulated controlling device of any suitable kind, such as a spring, weight, or a
cylinder containing fluid under pressure, to the aforesaid valve, or to each of the
said valves, where more than one is employed, whereby it is normally maintained
in a position to wholly or partially close the suction passage or passages and the
discharge passages from the pump cylinder, in order that on reversal of the
direction of motion of the pump plunger or piston the fluid drawn in through
the suction may be prevented from flowing back therethrough, and so that the
fluid forced into the delivery channel is prevented from returning into the pump
cylinder.
The movement of the valve or valves to open the proper suction and discharge
passages at the end of each stroke is made positive by the arrangement of the
discharge passages, which are so constructed that the said valve or valves is or are
operated hydraulically by the fluid as it is discharged from the cylinder.
The said discharge passages may be arranged for instance so that the fluid from
the suction pipe is delivered into the valve chamber between the two pistons of a
piston valve for example, and so that fluid discharged from either end of the pump
cylinder is conveyed first into the corresponding end of the valve chamber to
operate the piston valve by acting upon either of the outermost ends of the same,
and having performed that operation so as to open a discharge orifice, is discharged
through the said orifice.
The suction inlet to either of the ends of the pump cylinder or barrel is opened
in the same movement of the automatic valve in which the opening of the discharge
outlet from the opposite end is effected. Non-return valves of any suitable type
may if desired be provided in the suction and discharge pipes to prevent the return
of fluid through the suction or discharge orifices of the pump. Two or more
chambers or sets of passages with corresponding valves may be employed in
combination. Suitable valves may be provided in the cylinder or barrel so as to be
operated by the piston or the piston rod at the ends of the stroke to prevent return
of fluid through the inlet passages.
Pumps constructed according to this invention are adapted for lifting or for

page_text: forcing liquids or for exhausting and compressing other fluids, and will work equally
well either vertically or horizontally.
Dated this 7th day of February 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps.
We, WILLIAM FULLER of 216 Devonshire Road, Forest Hill, in the County
of Surrey, Clerk, and CORNELIUS JOHN BREMERKAMP, of Shenton Street, Old
Kent Road, in the County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in pumps, and its chief object is the con-
struction of an efficient pump which has but few working parts, is capable of being
easily overhauled, and if necessary can be repaired with facility. It is of simple
and strong construction, and possesses the important advantage that the passages
provided for the fluid operated upon are of unusually ample cross-sectional area,
and entirely unobstructed throughout the whole of their length. The means
whereby the passage of fluid into and out of the pump is suitably controlled are
important features of our invention.
An improved pump constructed according to our said invention comprises a barrel
or cylinder fitted with a piston or a plunger which may be reciprocated therein by
any convenient means, and a suitable valve-chamber situated in close proximity to
the said pump barrel. A valve, preferably balanced or equilibrated, for example,
a piston valve with two pistons, is provided in the said valve-chamber, but as an
alternative any suitable form of equilibrated or balanced valve may be employed.
Another important feature of our improved pumps is an easily-regulated
controlling-device of any suitable kind, such as a spring or weight, or a cylinder
containing fluid under pressure, for the aforesaid valve, or for each of the said
valves, where more than one is employed, which spring, weight, or fluid-pressure
device tends to maintain the valve at the middle of its travel in a position to
close the suction passage or passages, and to close, wholly or partially, the
discharge passages from the pump cylinder, in order that on reversal of the direc-
tion of motion of the pump plunger or piston the fluid drawn in through the
suction may be prevented from flowing back there-through, and so that the fluid
forced out of the valve-chamber into the delivery channel is prevented from
returning into the pump cylinder.
The movement of the valve or valves to open the proper suction and discharge
passages at the completion of the stroke of the piston or plunger, is made positive
by the arrangement of the discharge passages, which are so constructed that the
said valve or valves is or are operated automatically by the fluid as it is discharged
from the pump barrel.
In order that our said invention may be clearly understood we will now proceed
to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an improved pump constructed according to. our
invention.
Fig. 2. is a plan of the same with the air vessel removed.
Fig. 3. is the piston valve of the pump, in side elevation.
Fig. 4. is an end view of the valve.
Fig. 5. is a longitudinal section on the line 5, 5, of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6. is a longitudinal section on the line 6, 6, of Fig. 2.
Fig. 7. is a transverse section on the line 7, 7, of Fig. 2.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts, throughout the drawings.

page_text: pump
A is the pump barrel, B is the valve-chamber, C is the front cover of the barrel,
D is the rear cover of the same, E is the front cover of the valve-chamber, F is the
rear cover of the same, G is the pump piston, G¹ the piston rod which passes
through a stuffing box C' in the front cover, H H' are the pistons of the piston
valve. H is the valve spindle, which passes through the stuffing-box E¹ in the
cover E. H'H' are distance pieces connecting the valve pistons H H'. I is the
suction passage by which fluid enters the valve-chamber B. J, K, are the suction
passages through which fluid passes from the valve-chamber into the barrel.
L M are the passages through which fluid is discharged from the pump barrel into
the valve-chamber. NO are the passages by which fluid from the valve-chamber
is discharged into an air-vessel such as P, whence it issues finally at the discharge
opening P. It will be observed that the valve spindle H' is placed eccentric to
the axis of the valve, so as to obstruct, as little as possible, the flow of fluid past
the end of the valve, and also, that the distance pieces H' connecting the
pistons H H are so arranged as to lie close against the wall of the valve-chamber
and out of the line of flow from the suction passage I to the passages J and K.
Qis a spring secured at one end to a bracket C formed on the front cover C.
At its opposite end the said spring is forked as at Qin Figures 1, 2, and 7, to
embrace the outer end of the valve spindle, between a collar H and nuts H*
thereon. The said collar, and the nut against which the spring bears, have their
bearing-surfaces rounded as shewn.
The spring Q, which is shewn deflected in Figs. 1 and 2 is normally straight;
when straight, it maintains the piston-valve in the middle of its travel, in which
position the piston H thereof closes the valve-chamber ports of the suction
passage J, and the discharge passage N, and the piston H' closes the valve-chamber
ports of the suction passage K and of the discharge passage O: When the piston
valve is moved to either side of its central position the spring Q is correspondingly
deflected, and tends, during the time of its deflection, to straighten itself and to
replace the valve in its middle position. The ports at the ends of the various
passages may obviously be made in liners placed in the barrel and valve-chamber,
if desired.
Let it be assumed that the valve is in the middle of its travel and that the
The fluid in the pump
piston G moves first in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2.
barrel between the piston and the front_cover C is forced through the passage M
into the space between the front cover E of the valve-chamber and the piston H' of
the valve, forcing the valve into the position in which it is shewn by dotted lines in
Figs. 2 and 5, and thus opening the valve-chest port of the discharge passage O.
This movement of the valve, which occurs in opposition to the resistance of the
spring Q, simultaneously opens the suction passage J at the opposite end of the
valve-chest and affords communication there-through between the suction inlet I
As soon
and the space between the piston G and the rear cover D of the barrel.
as the piston G ceases to move towards the cover C the spring Q returns the valve
to its middle position, closing the valve-chest port of the suction passage J and
thus preventing any return of the fluid there-through. The piston G is then
returned in the direction opposite to that which is indicated by the arrow; the fluid
previously drawn in as described through the passage J, cannot return there-through
and consequently passes through the passage L to the outer end of the piston H of
the valve, moving the said piston H to unclose the discharge passage N and simul-
taneously moving the piston H' to open the suction passage K to the opposite end
of the barrel, which, when filled, is discharged as herein before described.
For single-acting pumps, one set of such passages is dispensed with, and a piston-
valve with only one piston will be required, with a spring Q or equivalent device
arranged and operating exactly as in the double-acting pump aforesaid. For
example, if the passages K, M, and O, were closed and the piston H' removed, the
pump would operate satisfactorily as a single-acting pump, for the remaining
piston H of the piston-valve would operate with regard to the passages J and Ľ

page_text: and N precisely as hereinbefore described, for fluid drawn into and discharged
from one end of the pump barrel.
Two or more of the aforesaid valve-chambers and sets of passages, with corre-
sponding valves may be employed in combination, to secure compactness of design
in certain cases, and to obtain security against total disablement.
Suitable valves may be provided in the cylinder or barrel so as to be operated
by the piston or the piston rod at the ends of the stroke to prevent return of fluid
through the inlet passages; such devices could be employed to obviate the necessity
for the employment of the spring or its equivalents aforesaid.
Pumps constructed according to this invention are adapted for lifting or for
forcing liquids or for exhausting and compressing other fluids, and will work
equally well either vertically or horizontally.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is: --
1. For pumps, the combination, with a tubular valve-chamber having inlet and
outlet ports, of a valve adapted to be operated by fluid discharged from the pump
barrel through certain of the said ports, and having such form and dimensions that.
when at the middle of its travel it closes, wholly or partially, the valve-chamber
port or ports through which fluid discharged from the pump-barrel passes out of
the said chamber, and completely closes the valve-chamber port or ports through
which fluid passes from the valve-chamber to the pump-barrel, for the purposes
specified.
2. A pump provided with two or more sets of the such valve chambers and
valves, substantially as herein before described, for the purposes specified.
3. The modification of the said valve-chamber and valve adapted for a single-
acting pump, substantially as hereinbefore described for the purposes specified.
4. The combination with the valve or valves of a spring or equivalent device
which tends to restore the valve to its central position, when displaced therefrom,
substantially as hereinbefore described, for the purpose specified.
5. A piston-valve, controlled and operated substantially as hereinbefore described,
for the purposes specified.
6. A piston-valve constructed as herein described for the purposes specified.
7. A pump, constructed and operating substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawings, and operating as specified.
Dated this 7th day of November 1802
C. J. BREMERKAMP,
W. FULLER,
Applicants.
C. J. BREMERKAMP,
W. FULLER,
Applicants.