IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CLOCKS AND OTHER TIME-KEEPERS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF INDICATING NOT ONLY THE TIME OF THE DAY, BUT THE DAY OF THE WEEK, THE MONTH, AND THE YEAR, WHICH INVENTION HE INTENDS TO DENOMINATE HAWES'S CALENDAR CLOCK OR TIMEPIECE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO
CLOCKS AND OTHER TIME-KEEPERS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF INDICATING
NOT ONLY THE TIME OF THE DAY, BUT THE DAY OF THE WEEK, THE
MONTH, AND THE YEAR, WHICH INVENTION HE INTENDS TO DENOMINATE
HAWES'S CALENDAR CLOCK OR TIMEPIECE." "A communication.
Sealed the 28th March 1858, and dated the 21st January 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 21st January 1853.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CLOCKS AND OTHER TIME-
KEEPERS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF INDICATING NOT ONLY THE TIME OF THE DAY,
BUT THE DAY OF THE WEEK, THE MONTH, AND THE YEAR, WHICH INVENTION
I INTEND TO DENOMINATE HAWES'S CALENDAR CLOCK OR TIMEPIECE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in shewing the day of the week, and month,
and year, as well as the time of day, with unfailing certainty, by means

page_text: of a train of wheelwork which is independent of the ordinary clock-
work, and is only acted on thereby once in twenty-four hours, whereas
in ordinary calendar clocks the whole of the wheelwork is so com-
bined and arranged that the whole of the mechanism is made to act to-
gether. The calendar wheelwork is so arranged that the proper number
of days are made in each month of the year, including leap year; and
this part of the timepiece will only require winding once a year,, whereas
the clock movement may be such as is required for an eight day or
other clock.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 21st July 1858.
3
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE; PRESENTS SHALL COME, I.
WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth 1 year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter,
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CLOCKS AND OTHER TIME-KEEPERS, FOR THE.
PURPOSE OF INDICATING NOT ONLY THE TIME OF THE DAY, BUT THE DAY OF
THE WEEK, THE MONTH, AND THE YEAR, WHICH INVENTION HE INTENDS TO
DENOMINATE HAWES CALENDAR CLOCK OR TIMEPIECE,'" being a. com-
munication from abroad, upon the condition. (amongst others) that I, the.

page_text: -
said William Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William. Edward "Newton, "do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by tlie following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
-is to say):
The principal object of this Invention is to shew the day of the week,
and month, and year, as well as the time of day, with unfailing ċer-
tainty. Hitherto, when the day, month, and year is required to be
indicated, this has been done by means of additional and: complicated
mechanism connected with, driven by, and incorporated with the clock-
work movement, but according to the present improvements this object
is effected by means of a train of wheelwork which is indepen-
dent of the clockwork, and is only acted on once in twenty-four hours,
an independent spring or motive agent being adapted thereto to drive
or actuate the mechanism. The calendar wheelwork is so arranged
that the proper number of days are made in each month of the year,
including leap year, and this part of the timepiece being detached from
the common clock motion will only require winding up once a year,
whereas the clock movement for indicating the time of the day must be
wound up more frequently, according to the particular construction of
movement that is employed.
こ
The clock motion for marking, indicating, or striking the hours may
be of any of the well-known constructions or arrangements, and of
itself constitutes no part of the present Invention. Arrangements of
mechanism for indicating the days of the week, month, and year, and
the names of the months, are well known, and therefore do.not require
any detailed explanation here, as the train of wheelwork to be em-
ployed in carrying out the presont Invention will not materially differ
from those usually employed for similar purposes. -

page_text: .
The changes in the calendar part of the clock are accomplished by
means of a "count wheel" operating similarly to the striking part of
an ordinary clock, but having thirty-one notchies, one of which it movės
every day, making an exact revolution in every month (long or short)
on the same arbor; with this "count wheel" is another wheel with
twelve divisions on its rim, six of which are notches; it also has a star
wheel attached to it of twelve teeth. This wheel moves one division
.or one twelfth of a revolution each month, making an entire revolution
once in every year.
This inside wheel of twelve teeth is so arranged that it will work
upon and raise two "lifting pieces" for the purpose of closing and-
opening three of the notches in the "count wheel." By this arrange-
ment the number of notches in the "count wheel" always corresponds
with the number of days in the month shown on the calendar. In leap
year the clock makes twenty-nine days in February.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shown the methods I prefer
of arranging. and constructing the dials. The small dial a, in the
Figures is an ordinary clock dial, and shews the hour of the day, while
the large one b, indicates the days of the month. The days of the week
and the month may be shewn through openings, as in Fig. 1, or the
names of the former may be marked round the dial, as in Fig. 2, and
shewn by a hand, another and longer hand being employed to indicate
the days of the month which are arranged round the dial near the
periphery.
One of the distinguishing features of the improved calendar clock is
the arrangement on the dial of the information to be given, and owing
to the peculiar clearness of the indications, and the facility with which
any observations may be instantly read, this clock is particularly
adapted for counting-houses, public offices, and other places where the
information is required, and the dial is being constantly referred to.
I would observe that the clock or timepiece is made to supply its own
changes for the irregularities in the length of the months, and to shew
on the dial or dials the exact and no fractional part of a day, week, or
month, by means of the combination of a count wheel having thirty-
one divisions, and another wheel on the same shaft and having twelve
divisions, both running together, and at intervals independently of each

page_text: other. In connection with the indicator for the day of the week there
is a wheel having seven teeth or divisions in combination with another
wheel; and also a third wheel working spring-tight with and (at in-
tervals) independent of the second wheel, so that while the day of the
week indicator only shews the days in regular succession, changing but
one in twenty-four hours, the day of the month indicator may run
during the time that the change is taking place from the end of a short
month to the beginning of the next month, such change being two,
three, or four days.
I would here remark that the clock movement only acts upon the
calendar part once in twenty-four hours, and that it will then release
a catch which will allow the day indicator to jump forward one seventh
part of a revolution, the other parts of the calendar continuing in
motion by means of an independent spring. From this it will be
understood that the principal feature of novelty in the present Inven-
tion is the separate and independent train of wheelwork for the calendar
so combined and connected with any of the moving parts of an ordinary
clock or other timepiece as that the calendar shall not necessarily bo in
contact or move with it, except at such stated periods during the
twenty-four hours of the day when it becomes necessary for the
calendar to be put in motion to produce the required changes on its dial
or dials.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
L