AN IMPROVED MODE OF FASTENING DOORS, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Cooper Croxford, of 3, Chapel Row,
Exmouth Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF FASTENING DOORS, AND FOR OTHER
SIMILAR PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Cooper Croxford
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th November 1861.
I, JOSEPH COOPER CROXFORD, of 3, Chapel Row, Exmouth Street,
Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF FASTENING DOORS, AND FOR
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing a fastening for doors or cupboards,
in the following manner :-A segmental bolt is fixed to the handle, and by
turning the handle the segmental bolt. is made to protrude and enter a
groove, or other similar provision made in the door jamb, at the same time a
drop catch or tumbler prevents the return of the segmental bolt; thus by
turning the handle the door is locked. To unlock the door a keyhole is
made for inserting a key to lift up the drop catch or tumbler, when by
turning the handle in the opposite direction the segmental bolt can be with-
drawn to its original position.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Cooper Croxford in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th May 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPI
COOPER CROXFORD, of 3, Chapel Row, Exmouth Street, Clerkenwell, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Cooper Croxford, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph
Cooper Croxford, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Joseph Cooper Croxford, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF FASTENING DOORS, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Cooper Croxford,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Cooper Croxford, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained_in_and_by_the
following statement :-
This-Invention consists in constructing a fastening for doors, drawers,
windows, and other like purposes, in the following manner:-A segmental or
straight bolt is worked by, or if preferred fixed to the handle, on turning
which the bolt is made to protrude and enter a groove, or other similar pro-
vision made in the door jamb; one or more catches or tumblers fall by this
movement, and prevent the return of the bolt; therefore to unlock it is
necessary not only to lift the tumblers or catches, but at the same time to turn
the handle. I also make a keyway in the lock, which turns, with the key, so on
any attempt being made to introduce a pick the keyway closes itself, and
leaves but a very small passage to introduce anything further.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the top and middle tumblers, and the
bolt shewn locked; Fig. 2 represents a front elevation of the bottom tumbler,
and, the bolt when unlocked.
Fig. 3 represents a front elevation of another arrangement of tumblers and
the bolt made to serve as a latch, as in ordinary locks; Figs. 4 & 5 shew the..
self-protecting keyway; Fig. 6. shews the mode of lifting one of the tumblers,
in Fig. 3; Fig. 7 shews the lock arranged for a desk lock; Fig. 8. shows, a
front elevation of the segmental bolt for doors; Fig. 9 shews the same for
windows; Fig. 10 shews the same applied to a padlock; Figs.. 11 and 12.
shews the same, with lock for doors; Figs. 13. shews the same applied to a
safe door. In each of the above Figures the same letters of reference
indicate like parts.
In Fig. 1 the bolt A is shewn locked by the tumblers E, E; to unlock it
the key a is turned in the direction indicated by the arrow when it presses and
lifts the tumbler E, and at the same time presses against the lever C, which
oscillating on a centre lifts the other tumbler E!; these tumblers then. take.
the position shewn in Fig. 2, when the handle 6 is turned and the bolt with-
drawn.
In Fig. 2 is shewn a mode of throwing the bottom tumblers by means of a
camb;
the key is cut in the manner shewn in Fig. 14, the slot C fitting over
the, projection on the camb D, so that when the key is turned the camb is
turned with it.
.1
In Fig. 3, the tumblers E and E¹ are varied, and have a catch or protector
to prevent the lock being picked; the catches or protectors J, J, have a pro-
jecting pin, which fits in the irregular slots G, H, cut in the tumblers E
and E¹; the bolt is shewn in the Drawing to be locked, therefore, should it
be attempted to pick the lock by lifting the. tumblers as soon as they are
half withdrawn from the bolt, should the catch J be not held back and kept
in its proper position, so that the pin thereon face the slot G', it will fall in
the slot H, and so re-lock itself. The small drop bolt O is. to hold back the
bolt A when it is used as a latch for an ordinary door, when drawing, back
the bolt on unlocking the door it falls in the slot B' cut in A, which is made
sufficiently long to allow the necessary play for the latch; M. is a cam
carrying the handle, therefore on turning the handle the cam presses

page_text: against the lever L, which works on the pin K and unlatches the door. Also
when the tumblers E and E are withdrawn the handle is turned to unfasten
the door, the tumblers then rest on the top of the bolt A, as shewn in Fig. 6,.
and the catch O drops in the slot B¹ to lock the door; it is only necessary to
lift the catch O when the bolt is thrust forward by the spring N, and the
tumblers drop in their places, as shewn in Fig. 3, and the catch O rests on
the top of the bolt A. The key-way used in this lock is shewn in plan, Fig. 4,
when the key or a pick is turned therein, and in Fig. 5 it is shewn empty..
Fig. d shows an elevation of it, with a slot down the centre; a notch is cut
in the bottom flange in which a spring catch enters when it is in the proper
position, that is, when the key-way faces the key-hole cut in the case of the
lock. The key-way may have a stop in the middle, so that the key may be
inserted at each side of the lock; the stop thus formed would serve to hold
the pin for guiding the key, as shewn in Fig. e.
Fig. 6 shews the mode of lifting the tumbler E¹, which will be readily
understood by referring to description of Fig. 1.
The desk or box lock, shewn in Fig. 7, is exactly similar to the one last
described, excepting in the configuration of the bolt A, and its partial action
when the staples Q enter the lock at Q¹, they press down the two catches P
which keep back the bolt, as the parts thereof A¹, A¹, press against them,
which releases the bolt and permits it to slide forward, and lock itself in the
manner herein-before described and shewn. Fig. 7 shows front and side
elevation of an ordinary desk staple adapted for this lock.
Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation of a self-locking segmental bolt. On turning
the handle the bolt R is brought in the position shewn by dotted lines, when
the catch T'falls and locks it. The catch T may be made to be lifted by a
key or button, or in the manner herein-before shewn.
Fig. 9 shews the same bolt adapted for window frames, U being a groove
to draw the frames together.
.
The padlock, shewn in Fig. 10, is different only in the bolt R, which is
secured-by-a-lock, as shewn in Figs. 1 or 3. The ring of the bar, which is
to lock is passed through T₁ by merely turning round_the_bolt, and it is then
turned back again to the position shewn in the Drawing when it is locked.
Fig. 11 shews a compound lock with a segmental bolt; a lock similar to
that described in Fig. 3 is adapted to the bolt A, which secures the segmental
bolt, and the tumbler A³ is an additional security; the action of the lock is as
follows-The tumblers securing the bolt A are lifted in the manner shewn
and described in reference to Fig. 3, the bolt A is then drawn and held
back, the key being still kept pressed in the direction to unlock, which tho

page_text: tumbler A³ out of the slot at the bottom by the cam n, shewn in dotted lines
in Fig. 12, and at the same time the handle must be turned, and the flat
side R' turned round to be in line with the side of the lock, when the door or
other like object to which the lock is fastened may be opened.
The safe door, shewn at Fig. 13, is locked by simply turning the handle W,
or, if preferred, by a key; attached to this handle is a cam X, which presses
against one or more bolts as, for instance, as in the Drawing, and thrusts
them outwards, thus locking them in the manner herein-before described in
Fig. 3. The curved slots V are to draw back the bolts, the slots being
fastened to the bolts, and the pins working therein fastened to and turning
with the cam X. One or more locks may be applied to each bolt, or one lock
only to one bolt, as may be found desirable. To lessen the force necessary to
slide all these bolts, especially when used for larger safes, springs may be
applied, as shewn in the Drawing.
Having described and ascertained the nature of my Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details so long as the principle of
the Invention is retained..
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Cooper Croxford, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOSE COODED CRAYFORD
•
VEODD