Improved Construction of Dephlegmators or Apparatus for Con- densing and Separating Aqueous Constituents and Impurities from Alcoholic Vapours.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Construction of Dephlegmators or Apparatus for Con-
densing and Separating Aqueous Constituents and Impurities
from Alcoholic Vapours.
I, ANTON JENIK of Skalat, Galicia Austria, Employé do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to my invention I construct dephlegmators or apparatus for separating
impurities and aqueous constituents from alcoholic vapours as follows. A worm, of
a flat rectangular cross section is fixed within an annular casing in such manner,
which
that a closed helical passage is formed between the convolutions of the worm,
consequently forms the top and bottom of such passage, while the walls of the
annular casing form the side surfaces thereof. The refrigerating water is made to
enter the upper end of the worm so as to flow down the same, while the alcoholic
vapour to be dephlegmated or purified is made to enter the lower end of the inter-
mediate passage and to flow upward in the same so as to come into intimate contact
with the top and bottom surfaces refrigerated by the worm, and to have the water
and impurities, such as fusel oil &c., condensed therefrom, such condensation being
rendered more effective by the method of reversed currents employed.
The helical passage is divided into an upper and a lower passage by the intro-
duction therein of a series of step-like plates that rest on the bottom and are made
to overlap each other. Each plate consists of a long horizontal part and a short
vertical part bent at right angles thereto at one end, so that each plate rests with
the end of its long part upon the bottom of the passage and with the lower end of
the short vertical part upon the next plate, these vertical parts being directed in the
reverse sense to that of ordinary steps, namely in the ascending direction of the
passage. In the lower edge of such vertical part are formed notches so that liquid
flowing down the inclined surface of the preceding plate will pass through such
notches to the underside of the next plate, whence it will escape to the underside
of the following plate through holes or notches formed in. the lower end of the
horizontal part. Thus the water and impurities that are condensed from the
alcoholic vapour during its upward flow through the refrigerated passage will flow
in a downward direction underneath the stepped plates, where such particles are
prevented from being reevaporated, owing to their contact with the refrigerated
bottom.
At intervals in the length of the passage side openings are formed through which
the condensed liquids are made to flow off through pipes to a collecting chamber
whence they are removed, to be further treated.
The purified alcoholic vapours are led off from the lower end of the helical
passage to be condensed or otherwise treated.
By preference the worm and consequently also the helical passage are made of
rectangular shape on plan, as by this means the vapours, in coming in contact with
the corners of the passages and having their direction of motion suddenly changed;
are effectually stirred up so as to insure that all parts are brought in contact with
the refrigerating surfaces. The worm and passage may however also be made of
a polygonal or circular form on plan.
At the points where the before mentioned lateral discharge openings for the
condensed liquids are situated, upward directed ribs are formed across the bottom of
the helical passage for intercepting the downward flow of the liquid and directing
it to the side openings.
Dated thin 10th of Nawamba 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION:
Improved Construction of Dephlegmators or. Apparatus for Con-
densing and Separating Aqueous Constituents and Impurities
from Alcoholic Vapours.
I, ANTON JENIK of Skalat, Galicia, Austria, Employé do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
According to my invention I construct dephlegmators or apparatus for separating
impurities and aqueous constituents from alcoholic vapours, as I shall describe
referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a side view of the apparatus showing diagrammatically the arrangement
of the inclined and flattened helical channels without the case which encloses them.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the dephlegmator.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line X X of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross section on the line y y of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 represents details.
A worm B of a flat rectangular cross section is fixed within an annular casing in
such manner that a closed helical passage A¹ is formed between the convolutions
of the worm B which consequently forms the top and bottom of such passage, while
the walls of the annular casing form the side surfaces thereof. The refrigerating
water is made to enter by pipe D the upper end of the worm B so as to flow down
the same and out at E while the alcoholic vapour to be dephlegmated or purified is
made to enter by pipe A. the lower end of the intermediate passage A¹ and to flow
upward in the same so as to come into intimate contact with the top and bottom
surfaces refrigerated by the worm, and to have the water and impurities, such as
fusel oil &c. condensed therefrom, such condensation being rendered more effective
by the method of reversed currents employed.
The helical passage A, is. divided into an upper and a lower passage by the intro-
duction therein of a series of step-like plates that rest on the bottom and are made
to overlap each other. Each plate consists of a long horizontal part and a short
vertical part at right angles thereto at one end, so that each plate rests with, the end
of its long part upon the bottom of the passage and with the lower. end of the short
vertical part upon the next plate, these vertical parts being directed in the reverse
sense to that of ordinary steps, namely in the ascending direction of the passage.
In the lower edge of such vertical part are formed notches fso that liquid flowing
down the inclined surface of the preceding plate will pass, through such notches to
the underside of the next plate, whence it will escape to the underside of the
following plate through holes or notches f' formed in the lower end of the horizontal
part. Thus the water and impurities that are condensed from the alcoholic, vapour
during its upward flow through the refrigerated passage will flow, in, a downward
direction underneath the stepped plates, where such particles are prevented from
being reevaporated owing to their contact with the refrigerated bottom.
At intervals in the length of the passage side openings a are formed through
which the condensed liquids are made to flow off through bent pipes. b to, a, pipe c
leading to a collecting chamber whence they are removed, to be further treated.
The purified alcoholic vapours are led off at C from the upper end of the helical
passage to be condensed or otherwise treated.
By preference the worm and consequently also the helical passage are made as
shewn of rectangular shape on plan, as by this means the vapours, in coming in
contact with the corners of the passages and having their direction of, motion
suddenly changed, are effectually agitated, so as to insure that all parts are brought
in contact with the refrigerating surfaces. The worm and passage may however
also be made of a polygonal or circular form on plan.
At the points where the lateral discharge openings a for the condensed liquids

page_text: are situated, ribs d are formed across the bottom of the helical passage for
intercepting the downward flow of the liquid and directing it to the openings a
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
A dephlegmator for producing pure spirit free from fusel oil and aldehyde
characterised by two helical passages, the one arranged above the other, of which
the one (B) serves for the refrigerating water and the other (A') for the alcoholic
vapours, circulating in the reverse sense, the passage (A') being provided with
step-like plates f, having openings fland f' by which plates the passage A' is
divided into two unequal compartments, the one for the alcoholic vapours, the other
for the condensed liquid substantially as described.
Dated this 15th day of August 1893.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.