IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING, HEATING, AND COOKING
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bernoulli Barlow, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR DRYING, HEATING, AND COOKING." A communication from abroad by
Gustave Adolf von Sobbé and Hubert Caspar Kürten, both of Aix la Chapelle,
Germany
Sealed the 14th December 1877, and dated the 6th October 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th October 1877.
HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent
Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING, HEATING, AND COOKING."
A communication from abroad by Gustave Adolf von Sobbé and Hubert Caspar
Kürten, both of Aix la Chapelle, Germany.
This Invention consists in increasing the surfaces of drying, heating, and cooking
apparatus by means of ribs or projections which are cast or fixed to one or both
sides of the tubes, flues, or compartments of the apparatus.
In drying and heating apparatus the heated products of combustion from a
furnace or other heating medium are carried through tubes or flues, and the heat
absorbed by the inner ribs is transmitted through the body of the tube or partition
to outer ribs, and there given off to beat the air of the drying stove or other apart-
ment to be heated.
In cooking apparatus the ribs are placed at the under side of the hot hearth,
and the flues of the apparatus are taken round a boiler and then pass on to the
chimney.
In pans or other vessels for boiling liquids, or for evaporating purposes, the ribs
are placed outside the pan or vessel; and are acted upon by the heated products of
combustion from the furnace.

page_text: By means of this Invention a great saving of fuel is effected, as a much greater
proportion of the heat is absorbed and made available for the purpose to which it
is applied than was heretofore possible.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th January 1878.
"
HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent
Agent. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING, HEATING, AND COOKING."
A communication from abroad by Gustave Adolf von Sobbé and Hubert Caspar
Kürten, both of Aix la Chapelle, Germany.
This Invention consists in increasing the surfaces of drying, heating, and cooking
apparatus by means of ribs or projections which are cast or fixed to one or both
sides of the tubes, flues, or compartments of the apparatus.
In drying and heating apparatus the heated products of combustion from a
furnace or other heating medium are carried through tubes or flues, and the heat
absorbed by the inner ribs is transmitted through the body of the tube or partition
to outer ribs, and there given off to heat the air of the drying stove or other
apartment to be heated.
In cooking apparatus the ribs are placed at the under side of the hot hearth,
and the flues of the apparatus are taken round a boiler and then pass on to the
chimney.
In pans or other vessels for boiling liquids, or for evaporating purposes, the ribs
are placed outside the pan or vessel, and are acted upon by the heated products of
combustion from the furnace.
By means of this Invention a great saving of fuel is effected, as a much greater
proportion of the heat is absorbed and made available for the purpose to which it is
applied than was heretofore possible.
And in order that the Invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to
describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In order to increase the capability of transmitting the heat of a given heating
surface I supply the same on its warmer side with ribs which absorb more heat,
having a larger surface than a smooth surface. Similar ribs are made on the side,
delivering the heat in order to have a larger distributing surface. If the co-efficient
of conducting heat of iron to a certain medium (as, for instance, water) is large by
itself, these outside ribs may be dispensed with.
I divide the apparatus to which I wish to apply the above-described principle
into four classes, namely,
First. Proper stoves, with inside and outside ribs, the inside ribs being acted upon
direct by the heating gas.
Second Heating apparatus, with inside and outside ribs, the heating gas passing
at the outside; the substance which is to be heated in this case passes through the
interior of the apparatus.
Third. Cooking stoves, with inside ribs exposed to direct fire, without ribs at
the outside.

page_text: Fourth. Vessels for warming and boiling liquids or for evaporating, with outside
ribs exposed to the fire.
The accompanying Drawings give an instance of each of these classes.
First. Figs. 1 and 2 shew the top part of an iron stove made according to this
principle, with an ordinary grate or furnace at the bottom. The same is divided
in two parts by a lute of sand. The proportion of the entire surface of the inside
ribs is such as to enable the outside ribs to deliver more heat than the inside ribs
can receive. In this way the difference of temperature between the heating space
and the stratum of air nearest to the stove becomes larger than with stoves without
these ribs.
Another advantage will be found in the circumstance that these stoves do not
get so easily red hot, whereby the unpleasant smell caused by the burning of
particles of dust is avoided. A stove with ribs can deliver much more warm air
than an ordinary one, and it is air of a lower temperature. This is of great
advantage for dwelling houses.
As an extra improvement to such a stove I put a cast-iron drum inside, isolated
from the sides of the stove, in order to prevent them from getting red hot; the part
of the stove just above the fire has no inside ribs but only outside ones; the
succeeding parts are all connected by sand lutes, as shewn on Fig. 1, and have
inside and outside ribs; by this arrangement a double amount of heating power is
obtained compared with ordinary stoves.
If a single fire room or stove is not sufficient, the rising and descending pipe must
be connected by shaped parts, which are connected by sand lutes. These stoves
are made, by preference, with vertically rising pipes on which the ribs are fixed.
In this way no partition walls are required for conducting the products of com-
bustion, and the soot cannot easily stick to the vertical ribs. These stoves are
easily erected, and if a larger heating power is desirable the number of the pipes
must be increased.
The ribs being very thin the weight of the stoves does not increase in proportion
to the increased heating power. According to experiments, an increase in weight
of 25% doubles the heating power of a smooth stove.
Second. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 shew the application of the above system of warming
air to blast furnaces and similar apparatus; the inside ribs may stand opposite to
the outside ones, as shewn on Fig. 3, or they may be shifted to the intervals, as
shewn in Fig. 5; Fig. 4 shews a coupling box connection of 'two pipes, with inside
and outside ribs. On account of the small heat conducting co-efficient of iron to
air a large delivery surface is required, which is obtained by making inside and
outside ribs.
Third. Figs. 6 and 7 represent a cooking stove with inside ribs. In order to
conduct the same degree of heat to the back part (which is more distant from the
fire) as to the front the back ribs are made deeper, in this way an equal temper-
ature is obtained over the entire surface of the stove plate.
Fourth. Figs. 8 and 9 shew a cast-iron vessel, with outside ribs, for boiling
liquids. No inside ribs are required in this case as they would render the cleaning
rather difficult, besides the large heat conducting co-efficient of iron to liquid does
not require any.
Having thus stated the nature and particulars of the Invention communicated
to me by the within-named Gustave Adolf von Sobbé and Hubert Caspar Kürten,
I declare that I claim,--
First. Fixing on the outside or inside, or both outside and inside, of heating
surfaces intended for heating air, gas, or liquids, thin rib-shaped pieces, in order to
enable the same to absorb more heat and to deliver it to any medium.
Secondly. The application of this principle, as specified above, to stoves for
heating rooms, warming air for blast furnaces, and similar apparatus, to cooking
stove plates, and to cooking vessels and kitchen boilers.
I wish it however expressly to be understood, that I do not limit myself to the

page_text: 5.
details shewn in the Drawing, as the same may be considerably varied or modified
according to circumstances.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-seven.
H. B. BARLOW. (LS.)