IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF PROAL
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bell Galloway and George Thomas;
Galloway, of the City of London, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Bell Galloway
and George Thomas Galloway at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 17th October 1870.
We, GEORGE BELL GALLOWAY, and GEORGE. THOMAS GALLOWAY, of
the City of London, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, do hereby,
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO-
DUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER, AND APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as.
follows:-
Our improvements, in the production of motive power consist of the
combination of what is termed the exhaust steam from locomotive and
other engines with atmospheric air...

page_text: Instead of allowing the exhaust steam to be forced into the chimneys
or the atmosphere or being condensed, as is now the usual practice in
the working of steam engines, we so arrange connections by pipes and
valves with the exhaust steam pipe, pipes, or ports so as to convey the
exhaust steam either into an accumulator, to which accumulator we
affix pipe or pipes suitably arranged and fitted with valves, as by which
we shall cause such portion of the exhaust steam as may be found most
advantageous to enter into and combine with atmospheric air and water,
for which combination of air and water a Patent was granted to the
herein-before named George Bell Galloway, bearing date January
Seventh, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, No. 55; or we
may so connect the exhaust steam pipes to the air and water boiler feed
pipes referred to in that Patent, as by which the atmospheric air and
water and the exhaust steam may enter into steam boilers in such part
or parts as we may find it to be most convenient, or we may affix such
pipe or pipes to the existing blow-off pipe or pipes in the bottom parts
already affixed in steam boilers; or we may by a suitable arrangement of
pipes, connections, and valves convey the exhaust steam at once direct
from the cylinder into the bottom part of boilers, or any part below or
above the water line, the object being by this plan to obtain the latent
heat of the steam in the water which will generate more steam, and thus
produce economy in the production of motive power.
We may also in the application of our plan to locomotive or other
engines take a branch from the exhaust steam pipe, or the whole of the
exhaust steam, and cause such pipe or pipes containing the exhaust steam
to terminate either under the furnace bars, or behind the fire-bridge,
or immediately above the fire space in a backward direction, and into
this branch exhaust steam pipe, specially for locomotives, we shall affix
short branch pipes, of small diameter which will enter into the ends of the
boiler tubes, and by the action of the fire upon those pipes the steam will
be decomposed, and in ordinary steam engines we shall take the exhaust
steam and pass it either through the fires by the sides of the furnace, or
by such connection as we have above named, so that the steam shall be
decomposed, and in the pipes which we employ we propose to affix as
many valves as we may find it requisite to divide the pressure. And to
obviate the friction in the working of the slide valves and pistons we
shall force atmospheric air by a suitable arrangement of air pump and
accumulator and pipe or pipes and valves attached to the steam chest,

page_text: or the supply steam pipe or pipes, so that the atmospheric air will be
admitted with the steam in the working of ordinary steam engines. The
object of the whole being improvements in the production of motive
power as stated and implied in this our application for Her Majesty's
Royal Letters Patent..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Bell Galloway and George Thomas Galloway
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE:
BELL GALLOWAY and GEORGE THOMAS GALLOWAY, of the City of London,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, send greeting. .
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said George Bell Galloway and
George Thomas Galloway, Her special licence that we, the said.
George Bell Galloway and George Thomas Galloway, our executors,.
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Bell
Galloway and George Thomas Galloway, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,.
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE.
POWER, AND APPLIANCES CONNECTED Therewith," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said George Bell Galloway and George Thomas.
Galloway, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing:
under our,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain, the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed-in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent. :
NOW KNOW YE; that we, the said George Bell Galloway and George
Thomas Galloway, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,.
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly

page_text: Our improvements in the production of motive power consist of the
combination of what is termed the exhaust steam from locomotive and
other engines and atmospheric air as a means to economise fuel.
Instead of allowing the exhaust steam to be forced into the chimneys
or the atmosphere, or being condensed, as is now the usual practise
in the working of steam engines, we arrange connexions by pipes and
suitable valves with the exhaust steam pipe, pipes, or parts, so as to con-
vey the exhaust steam either into an accumulator, to which accumulator
we affix a pipe or pipes suitably arranged and fitted with valves, as by
which we shall cause such portion of the exhaust steam as may be found
most advantageous to enter into and combine with atmospheric air and
water, for which combination of air and water a Patent was granted to
the herein-before named George Bell Galloway, bearing date January
Seventh One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, No. 55%; or we
may so convey the exhaust steam to the air and water boiler feed pipes
referred to in that Patent, or we may affix such additional connexions
as are herein-after described to the existing feed pipes connected with
steam engines and boilers, as by which the atmospheric air and water
and exhaust steam may enter into the boiler in such part or parts as
we may find it to be most convenient, or we may affix such pipe or
pipes to the existing blow-off pipe or pipes in the bottom parts
already affixed in steam boilers; and to affect this object we add
an additional T piece connexion and a back pressure valve or extra
cock, in order that the sludge or blow-off pipe cock may be so placed
as to do the same duty as for which it was originally intended,
videlccit, sludging or allowing the water to escape out of the boiler.
We shall also, by a suitable arrangement of pipes and valves, in some
cases cause the whole of the exhaust steam to pass direct from the
cylinder into the boiler or boilers with the ordinary feed water where
air is not applied, or by a separate arrangement of feed exhaust steam
pipe, fitted with back pressure valves, so that the exhaust steam in its
escape from the slide valves and cylinder may pass under or through
the valve, which valve may be fitted either in connexion with the
existing valve arrangements, or connected with the boiler by a T piece or
other suitable connexion, as we have already described, when the air
is used in connection with the feed water, so that the exhaust steam will

page_text: enter into the boiler below the water line, say, the bottom part, or we
may cause such exhaust steam pipe in the first instance to pass through
the up-take flues or any part connected with the furnaces, so as to
absorb waste heat, and then continue such pipe into the boiler through
the steam space, which will superheat the steam on its passage to the
bottom part of the boiler, or attach such pipe to the bottom part of the
boiler by suitable connections..
As the result of the condensation of the steam by the water in the
boiler the original equivalent of feed water to keep the boiler working
with little or no extra additional feed water by and upon the law of
expansion and contraction, or what is commonly called condensation, will
be supplied, and this natural working of ordinary steam engine power
will produce what may be termed natural perpetual motion in the use of
steam as a motive power.
We shall also in the application of our plan to locomotive or other
engines take a branch from the exhaust steam pipe, or the whole of the
exhaust steam and cause such pipe or pipes containing the exhaust
steam to terminate cither under the furnace bars, or behind the fire-
bridge, or above the fire-space in a backward direction, and into this
branch exhaust steam pipe, specially in locomotive engines, we shall
affix a short pipe or pipes by a T piece or other suitable connexion;
and into this branch pipe or pipes we shall affix a T connection for a
number of pipes corresponding to the number of tubes required to be
fitted, and enter the ends of these smaller short pipes into the tubes
which are fixed in locomotive boilers, the object being by the action of
the furnace to decompose the steam, which will save fuel, and also to
supplement or increase the draft or blast more effectively than the
mode at present in use, and in cases where we fix our plan of combining.
air with the exhaust steam, or return the whole of exhaust steam back
again into the boilers of locomotive engines, we shall apply an addition
of blast to the previously compressed atmospheric air, or by the natural
pressure of the air passing down or through a pipe having a bend in an
upward or other suitable direction affixed in connexion with the furnace,
or the chimney, or the smoke box, and we may also fix an accumulator
to the framework of locomotive or other engines, and by pipes anu
valves connected with such accumulator, into which we shall either
compress air alone or air, with the exhaust steam and water feed the
boiler out of such accumulator, and also increase the blast of the furnace,

page_text: .
and instead of vertical chimneys in locomotive engines, which are the
cause of so many fires occurring and goods being destroyed, we may,
as stated in the Patent herein-before referred to, fit the chimneys therein
described, and in ordinary steam engines we shall pass in some cases
the whole or a portion of the exhaust steam by suitable connections of
pipes over, through, or by the sides of the furnaces, the object being, as
before stated, and to effect such objects as are herein-before stated and
implied.
We use as many valves as we may find it requisite to apply our
Invention specifically and fully in dividing the pressure and to diminish
the friction in the working of the slide valves and pistons in cylinders
we shall by the use of a single or double-acting air pump force cold
atmospheric air either into an accumulator by a separate steam and air
pump, which we shall herein-after describe, or direct from the air pump
into the steam chest by a suitable connexion of pipe and back pressure
valve or valves, so that the cold air may then pass through the slide
valve ports into the cylinder at each stroke of the piston, the effects
being by this arrangement that the cold air for the moment acts, first,
as a lubricant producing by the partial condensation of the steam upon
the slide valve and piston, and the heat which the cold air has taken
from the steam so expands the air in volume that it gives additional
power in the working of the engines, and in carrying out this part of the
Invention, in some cases, by applying our description of valves (or other
valves may be made to answer), or a supply air pipe intersecting a
steam jet pipe we may force and may draw in atmospheric air by the
current of steam or air pressure into the steam supply pipes connected
with the steam chest and cylinder, and so by this plan dispense with
any necessity for the air pump, and an accumulator for supplying cold
air to the slide valves and pistons of any description of steam engines.
We shall also apply to existing boiler feed pipes, where required, our
Invention to make such existing boiler feed pump double acting, so as
to pump air at one side and water at the other, or air and water jointly
by the application of additional connexions, as may be required, similar
to the plans we have already described, but so made and fitted as to
suit positions and circumstances, and as it respects condensing engines
in the application of atmospheric air, either in connection with the
steam slide chest valves or the boiler or supply steam pipes, we shall
by the application of the following plan, compensate for, or rather

page_text: prevent any depreciation of vacuum in the condenser, and to effect this
object we affix an intermediate valve and space, or we may draw off a
portion of the exhaust steam into the furnace by suitable arrangement.
The appliances connected with our Invention (although we do not
limit ourselves to the use thereof) in the application of our Invention,
as we may use any description of air pump and other appliances for
which Patents do not exist, or by arrangement with any Patentee for
any special pump) are of the following nature, that is to say, the
description of pump to which we shall give the name of the Galloway
hydro-pneumatic boiler feed pump, is constructed as follows:-We shall
make them either vertical or horizontal; the steam cylinder and pump
any suitable size, and placed in a line, the one piston rod answering
for both cylinders; the moving acting is effected by a connecting lever
attached to the slide of the piston, and at each end of the steam cylinder
there is one or there may be two stuffing boxes or glands, placed one on
each side of the piston rod gland, and through these, or only one
additional gland or stuffing box, which may contain a smaller rod
passing through it; the action is effected by the piston, which when
it comes to the end of the cylinder moves the tappet rod through the
glands or stuffing box. The top of the tappet rod is fitted with a small
sheave or pulley, it being split for such purpose, and the end lever which
is connected with the reciprocating connections with the slide works
the slide, and thus opens the steam ports in the steam chests alternately,
as required, to give the requisite steam in each direction for the stroke
of the engine, or the above plan may be substituted by another recipro-
cating connexion. And as it respects the air pumps the valves for the
inlet of the air, or air and water, or air at one end of the pump and
water at the other, is fitted with circular or oval valves, the bolt or pin
to which the valves which may be of any suitable material, thin sheet
copper, zinc, or brass, are attached with a cross bar fitted to each end
of the pump, and may be fitted with an outer case or cylinder, and the
induction pipe for the air, or water, or both, may be fitted to this outer
end, which is fitted to each end of the pump, and the delivery from the
pump may be effected from the central part, similar in appearance to
steam cylinder, thus making the parts answer for the delivery valves
and the part usually called a steam chest, but larger, and affixing the
pipe, say, in its centre, and from this centre pipe connexion affixing a
T pipe, and into this T pipe at each end affixing a cock, the object being.

page_text: evolve so far natural principles upon natural laws by mechanical
appliances, in part described in this our Specification, and to effect the
results expressed therein and implied thereby, the objects of the whole
being improvements in the production of motive power and appliances
connected therewith, as stated and implied in the title of our Specification
and application for Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent.
Having herein so generally by form and figurative language described
our various plans for the accomplishment of the purposes set forth and
implied, we do not deem it necessary to attach Drawings in connection
herewith, agreeing nevertheless to supply them, if and when required, to
any one who may deem our description not sufficient, but we would
have it understood that what we claim as of our Invention, and desire
to secure the exclusive use of is the various principles and parts of our
Invention herein described and implied in these our in part recited
Letters Patent and the various plans for the purposes set forth.
And, finally, let it be understood, that if we inadvertently have
encroached upon the rights of others, we do hereby disclaim any desire
or intention so to do, and desire to be apprised in writing with proof
of our having so done.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Bell Galloway, for myself
and on behalf of the said George Thomas Galloway, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
25 Witness,
E. M. DANIEL,
Fleet Street,
London.
G. B. GALLOWAY. (L.S.)