Improvements in Locking Nuts, also applicable to Joints or Connections.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 26th Mar., 1892
GUMI LEIE DIEVITICATION.
Improvements in Locking Nuts, also applicable to Joints or
Connections.
1, JOSEPH BROADLEY, of Elkhorn, Province of Manitoba, Dominion of
Canada, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to that class of devices known as nut-locks.
Broadly viewed, the invention is applicable to frictionally lock together any pair
of rotary parts, turning one upon or within the other.
The invention was designed, however, especially for application to ordinary
screw-threaded bolts and nuts, to prevent the nut from working loose or becoming
detached from the bolt.
As is well-known, nuts and bolts are employed in a great variety of uses, under
conditions subjecting the same to jars and strains which cause the nuts to work
loose from the bolts, rendering it difficult or impossible to hold the parts together
in their drawn or tightened positions. Nuts and bolts used on fish-plates in railway
joints, and nuts and bolts in use on agricultural machinery, afford well-known
examples of such conditions wherein it is difficult to hold the nuts and bolts
together.
My invention has for its object to provide a simple and cheap device, which will
hold together a nut and bolt, or other corresponding similar parts, in whatever
position they may be set, regardless of the conditions of the work, jars, or strains
to which the parts may be subjected.
To this end, I construct the said parts with longitudinal grooves, one or more on
their engaging surfaces; and provide a locking strip or piece, insertible in said
grooves, when the same are in registration, adapted to bind the said parts together
by friction, when one of the parts is turned on the other, so as to throw the said
grooves out of registration. The said locking strip is preferably made of relatively
soft metal, so that it may be crushed between the said parts when the one is turned
upon the other, thus affording greater friction than would be obtained simply from
the pinching action on hard metal.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the preferred form of my invention.
Therein like letters referring to like parts throughout,-
Figure 1 is a perspective view showing bolts and nuts constructed in accordance
with my invention and applied to the ordinary fish-plates securing rail-joints.
Figures 2 and 3 are respectively, a side and end view of the bolt.
Figures 4 and 5 are respectively an end view and longitudinal section of
the nut.
Figures 6 and 7 are end views of the bolt and nut and the locking-strip, the
former showing the said parts in their unlocked and the latter in their locked
position.
Figure 8 is a plan view of the locking strip detached; and Figure 9 is a view
partly in elevation and partly in section, showing the parts in their locked
position.
A is the ordinary bolt having one or more longitudinal grooves a, on its threaded
part. B is the nut, having corresponding grooves b. C is the locking piece or
strip preferably composed of soft metal, as stated. D D are ordinary railway rails,
and E the fish-plates used to secure the same at their joints.
The operation of the device is obvious.
One of the parts A or B having been turned, until the grooves a and b are in
registration, the locking strips C is inserted in the said grooves, and the nut or

page_text: bolt is then turned to its final position, thus carrying the strip out of one of the
grooves and crushing the same between the engaging parts of the nut and bolt, and
tightly binding the same together. It should be noted that the strip C is larger
than either of the grooves a or bin cross section.
It is of course, apparent that the application of the locking device to any other
pair of rotary parts, turning one upon or within the other, as for example, in the
case of a threadless bolt or stud and a heavy washer or cap without threads, would
be the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is :-
1. The combination with a pair of rotary parts, turning one upon or within the
other, having one or more longitudinal grooves on their engaging surfaces, of a
locking piece or strip insertible in said grooves, when in registration, adapted to
frictionally lock the said parts together when either is turned so that the grooves
are out of registration.
2. The combination with a screw threaded bolt and a screw threaded nut having
longitudinal grooves on their engaging surfaces, of a locking piece or strip
insertible within the grooves, when in registration, adapted to frictionally lock the
nut to the bolt, when either is turned, so that the grooves are out of registration.
3. The combination with a pair of rotary parts, turning one upon or within the
other, having longitudinal grooves on their engaging surfaces, of a locking piece or
strip composed of soft metal insertible within said grooves when in registration,
adapted to be crushed between said parts, when either is turned so that the grooves
are out of registration, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination with the screw threaded bolt A, having the groove a, of the
nut B, having the grooves, and the locking strip C, composed of soft metal,
arrangable and operating substantially as described.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1892.
JOSEPH BRUADLE1.