IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD POLISHING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Julius Boult of the firm of W. P. Thompson &
Boult Agents for Foreign Patent Solicitors of 323 High Holborn in the
county of Middlesex Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WOOD POLISHING MACHINES communicated to him from abroad by
James Lyman Perry and Charles Augustus Mather both of Berlin in the
county of Green Lake and State of Wisconsin in the United States of
America
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Alfred Julius Boult at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1883.
"
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of the firm of W P Thompson & Boult Agents for
Foreign Patent Solicitors of 323 High Holborn in the county of Middlesex,
Engineer,
communicated
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD POLISHING MACHINES
to me from abroad by James Lyman Perry and Charles Augustus Mather both
of Berlin in the county of Green Lake and state of Wisconsin in the United
States of America
This invention relates to Wood polishing machines and will be fully described
hereinafter. In the drawings Figure 1 is a top view, or plan of this invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through its centre. Figures 3 and 4
are side elevations. Figure 5 is an elevation of the machine with the frames swung
apart Figure 6 is a section of an elevation on line y y of Figure 1. Figure 7 is
a view in perspective of the movable bed. Figure 8 is an end view of the sand
paper cylinder. Figure 9 is a vertical section of sand paper cylinder taken on
line of Figure 8. Figures 10 and 11 are details of the convex surfaces of saud
paper cylinders. Figure 12 is a side elevation of the vibrator attached to our
machine with half the outer casing removed. Figure 13 is a broken section of our
machine. Figure 14 is a side elevation of the vibrator. Figure 15 is a vertical
section through housing . Figure 16 is a perspective view of an abrader of
modified construction adapted to be used in our machine. Figure 17 is a perspective
view of one of the plates on said abrader and Figure 18 is a rear edge view of said
plate. A is the main frame of our machine and A' is an auxiliary frame that is

page_text: and h
hinged to its front by pintles a a¹ The sides of the frame A are connected by
cross pieces bb and on the front corners guides B B project up from it at or near
the corners of one side, and other guides B' B₁ from it at or near the corners of
the other side. In the upper edge of each side of the frame A we form housings C c
and in the lower portions c of the said housings we place springs d that bear upon
the under side of lugs d. The lugs d¹ project from the edges of a bed-piece 1
which we place in between the upper edges of the sides of the frame and therefore
as the lugs d' project into the housings C and rest upon the springs d the bed
piece D will be supported on an elastic bed that will permit it to rise and fall as
pressure is applied to it The; bed D is slotted transversely and the metal on
each side of the slots is curved out to permit the peripheries of feed rollers E E E
as well as the peripheries of sand paper cylinders E' E' to project up through it
and this bed piece acts as a guard to hold off any stuff that may be passed through
the machine, except when the pressure from above or the weight of the stuff is
sufficient to overcome the force of the springs d.-D' is a fixed guard that extends
from one side of the frame to the other and projects beyond the front of the main
frame. Between the guides B B B¹ B¹ we place a frame F that carries the upper
pressure and feed rollers and we provide this frame with lugs F1 F1 on each side
that extend between the uprights of each of the guides B' B¹ on one side and B B
on the other, and then through cross pieces B³ on top of each of the guides, we
extend a shouldered bolt g that turus loosely in a collar g¹ and is screw-threaded in
its lower end to engage with a screw threaded opening in the upper edge of the
side piece or lug F¹ of the frame F. There are four of these bolts and each carries
a horizontal bevel wheel g' on its upper end that engages with a vertical bevel
wheel on one of the shafts G₁ that connects the bolts g on each side of the main
frame with a similar bolt h on its side of the auxiliary frame A¹ which bolt h
passes down into the small presser frame H that slides up and down between
standards H that project up from the auxiliary frame, and then the bolts
are all connected by shafts G' and G and intermediate bevel gearing so that by
turning the wheel G³ on one of the vertical shafts h which shaft is extended high
up above the other vertical shafts as at h¹ to receive it, we are enabled to raise or
lower the four corners of the presser frame F and both ends of the presser frame H
all at the same time. K K' K' are presser rolls. The presser roll K is journalled
in the small frame H and is suspended by the frame just over the first abrading
roll Land just in front of the presser roll K, we journal a feed roller k, its journals
passing through slots k in the ends of the frame H. We provide the frame F with
similar feed rollers k² k at each of its ends and in the centre of the frame F we
provide another feed roller . This roller ³ is adjustable as will be described
further on but the bearings of rollers k³ ³ are fixed. Just in front of the abrader L
we provide the frame A¹ with a table L' that has a lug l projecting from each
side with housings in the frame, and these lugs are bored out to form bearings
for the journals of a feed roller m the periphery of which roller projects up through a
rectangular aperture in the table. The table L' is provided with a straight
flange L on each side and to the lower edge of each flange L' we pivot a lever L'
that passes over a rod L' and carries a weight on its outer end The rod L* forms
a fulcrum for levers L and therefore the weighted arms of levers L³ have a
tendency to drop, and of course, as they do so they raise their inner ends and
consequently the table so that the table is always held up. to its work
by a pressure that is yielding; to prevent this pressure from carrying the
table L too high, we provide screw rods that project loosely through
the underside of the housings for lug and by screwing them in and out of
lugs we shorten or lengthen them and consequently limit the upward play of the
table and we regulate the degree of force exerted by the levers by moving the
weight in and out. This table L' guards the approach to the abrader L and the
stuff as it enters must pass over it before it reaches the abrader L and then the
thickness of the cut is regulated by adjusting the frame H up and down to bring
more or less pressure on the stuff through the feed roll k and the pressure roll K.

page_text: We use a table L' instead of a yielding roll as it is necessary to support the stuff
in a horizontal position as it is carried to first abrader L that it may take an even
dress from one of its ends to the other The journals of the abrader L pass
through slots in the lower side plates of frame A¹ and have their bearings in
boxes J that are slotted to receive bolts that secure them to the side plates of the
frame and permit of their vertical adjustment by means of cams J' on shaft J' so
that the abrader may be raised and lowered without disturbing the rest of the
machinery. One end of the shaft of this abrader carries a pulley O that is belted
to a large pulley O₁ on the driving shaft O² The journals of the sand paper
cylinders pass through slots in the upper portion of the side pieces of the fraine A-
and have their bearing in boxes P that are slotted at p to receive bolts p' by which
they are adjustably hung to the frame A and these bolts p' are assisted by other
bolts p that screwing through flanges p³ impinge against the side of the boxes, but
we do not confine ourselves to this means of hanging the boxes to the frame as
there are many other ways for hanging them. The feed rolls E as far as their
adjustability is concerned are integral with the bed piece D and the rise of this.
bed piece is limited by bolts q that pass up through housings c C and lugs d¹ and
screw into the boxes that form the bearings for the feed rollers E. The feed rollers.
kkare journalled in boxes respectively and these are raised and lowered
each by a bolt that passing down through the top of the housing k screws into
the box. These bolts are screw threaded nearly to their heads and each carries:
a nut the holes in the housings through which the bolts pass are not screw
threaded, and therefore when we want to raise one of the boxes k k³, we apply a
wrench to the head of its bolt and screw the bolt down into the box, thus
shortening the bolt and lifting the box, and when the box is to be lowered, a reverse.
turn of the bolt will give the desired result. The nut merely serves as a collar
to prevent the bolt from sliding up and down in the housing and as the rolls are
very seldom adjusted more than one-sixteenth of an inch either way, the nut ³
should be screwed up, close against the housing to be loosened only when such
adjustment is to be made. The object of this adjustment is to get the rollers k k³.
in line with the rollers k³ and to allow for wear. The journals of presser roll K
pass through the frame H and extra suitable boxes (not shown) and these journals are.
not adjustable, but the journals of presser rolls K' K¹ pass through slots K in the
side of frame F into boxes K that slide up and down in housings K-Q are bolts:
that are screw threaded on their lower ends and are provided on their upper ends
with bevel wheels Q' and just below the bevel wheels Q the bolts Q are collared
loosely in the upper flanged edges of the frame F their lower ends screwing each.
into a box K. The bolts Q of each roll K₁ are connected by a shaft R having
vertical bevel wheels that intermesh with the bevel wheels Q and suitable hand
wheels or cranks so that both ends of the rollers may be raised or lowered simul-
taneously. The presser rolls K K K are revolved merely by contact with the,
stuff as it passes through and have no gearing. The journal on one end of each
of the upper feed rolls projects out beyond its housing to take a pinion 1 and,
between each of the pinions 1 we stud an idler 2 to the frame F by which all of
the pinions are connected and between the middle pinions 1 and 2 we stud a.
pinion 3 that forms the inner rim of the hub of a pulley 4 and this pulley is driven;
by a belt 5 that passes down under a tightener 6 over an idler 7 and under a
pulley 8 on the shaft of a pulley 9 and this pulley 9 is connected with a pulley o
on shaft 0 by a belt 10. The tightener 6 is studded to a lever 11 that is
fulcrumed to the stud of pulley 7, and carries a weight which is adjustable on its.
outer end, and this weight always drawing upon belt 5 serves to keep it stretched
and at the same time permits it to yield with the rise and fall of the
frame F, and therefore the speed of the feed rolls, will not be interrupted
when the frame F is adjusted. The lower feed rolls are, like the upper
feed rolls intergeared with each other, but on opposite sides of the machine and
the gearing is set in motion by a pulley 15, gear wheel 16, belt 17, pulley 18, and
the shaft of pulley 9.-12 is the pinion that drives the feed roller m in the table L

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and this pinion is yoked to an idler 13 and the pinion 14 of the first of feed
rollers by links S so that it may rise and fall with the table L¹. T T are the
pulleys of the sand paper cylinders E' E' and these are driven at the same rate of
speed by a belt T and pulley T on shaft 0%. We extend one of the journals of
the fine sand paper cylinder out far enough to receive a box E' and we provide it
with a worm thread E for engagement with a cog wheel E that turns on an
excentrio bolt E' and we connect this bolt by a bifurcated link with the
stationary box or bearing of the journal and then on top of this box we fix a
lug f, that projects up through one end of lever that is pivoted near its centre
at on the box of the coarse roll E' and its other end is perforated to receive a
lug on loose collar f, on the journal of the abrader L, the journals of which like
those of the fine cylinder E¹ are adapted to slide in their bearings and thus we
connect these two abraders, for such they are, in such a manner that they will have
both a rotary and reciprocating motion, but when this is not desirable, we may
easily disconnect them- by removing the lever f² after taking out the bolt f³.
coarse abrader we prefer to have a series of drunken or wobble saws I strung on a
shaft i as shown in figure 5 and we propose to place a circular saw I¹ on one en l
of the shaft and seperate all the saws by elliptical washers I² clamping the whole
together by nut 13. An abrader made in this way has about the same effect upon
the stuff as very coarse sand paper and does not take under the grain of the wood
and split it up as the knives of a planer head do, but reduces the stuff evenly over
its entire surface and fits it for the action of the sand. The depth of the cut
made by the abrader L may be regulated to the greatest nicety by adjusting the
frame H up and down in its ways to cause the presser roll K to bear with greater
or less force upon the stuff. In place of this abrader however we may use such an
one as is illustrated in figures 16, 17, and 18, wherein A represents the journals
B is a square metal backing and C are the abrading plates, each of which is finely
serrated on one side as at a and on the other side is beveled as at a the bevel
terminating in the serrations to form the abrading edge. The plates are also
slotted as at b to take screw bolts b' by which they are adjustably secured to the
backing. We make the serrations very fine and the slots 6 wider than the diameter
of the bolts so that the plates may be capable of slight longitudinal adjustment
and then we are able to so adjust the plates with relation to each other that the
serrations on one will "break joints" with those on the plate that follows it that
is, the cutting points on one plate will take into the wood between the cuts made
by the points on the plate which it follows and the action of the plates will be
like that of sand paper, but this action will be more positive in its character than
that of sand paper. Our plates may be sharpened by grinding their beveled
surface and they can be reground until they have been reduced to one half their
original width. The first sand paper cylinders are made as follows. We make an
open iron cylinder U composed of segments U₁ these segments being connected by
the bifurcated ends V2 of spokes or braces V and the ends of the spokes form each
a trough like flange to receive a wooden strip V³ that extends from one end of the
cylinder to the other We make a dove tail groove in the inner surface of each
of the flanges V' and these grooves extend through the spokes or braces V in the
form of shaped slots. We generally provide each roller with three wheels W
each of which has a hub that fits on the central shaft w that forms the axis of the
roller, and the spokes or braces project from these hubs radially, the spokes of each'
hub being parallel with those of the other hubs and therefore we are able to pass
a bar W through the alots or grooves in each series of spokes or braces and we
provide the bar W₁ with screw threaded openings to receive bolts w¹ that hold the
binding strip W' in place. To this point both of the sand paper cylinders are
alike, and we will now describe the covering for the coarse cylinder. We first
cover the staves that compose the cylinder with Brussels carpet X, then we cover
the carpet with a layer of paper or card board X' We next cover the card board
with rubber canvass Y and over this place the coarse sand paper Y¹ We then
place strips of iron W' over the sand paper at points just over the concaved stripe

page_text: of wood Vs that lie in the bifurcated ends of the spokes or braces V and we force
screw bolts w down through the covering and the strips V³ and screw them into
the screw holes in the bar W₁ until they draw the sand paper tight about the
cylinder, the backing being nailed to bars V³. The finer cylinder has first one
thickness of carpet, one of paper or cardboard, then carpet, then rubber canvass
and then the sand paper. In other respects it is just like the coarse roller.
is :
What I claim as the invention communicated to me by my foreign correspondents
1 In a wood polishing machine, an abrader journalled in the frame, in
combination with a yielding table adapted to guide the stuff over the abrader, and
mechanism for depressing the stuff and table to regulate the cut of the abrader as
set forth.
2nd The yielding table adapted to work up and down in guides in the frame, in
combination with a feed roller journalled therein as set forth
3rd The yielding table and its feed roller in combination with a weighted
lever L³ fulcrumed on a rod L' as set forth.
4th The combination of the yielding table, abrader L presser frame H and its
feed and presser rolls as set forth.
5th The combination of frame A' having presser frame, presser rolls, feed rollers,
table and abrader with the main frame carrying abraders, presser rolls and feed
rolls as set forth.
6th The main frame having a yielding bed, and feed rollers journalled therein in
combination with sand paper rolls E' E' as set forth.
7th A fiane carrying sand paper rollers and a yielding bed apertured to permit
the peripheries of the sand paper rollers to project up through it in combination
with a downwardly acting presser frame and its rolls as set forth.
8th The combination of frames A A' with adjustable presser frames connected by
shafts that adjust both presser frames simultaneously as set forth.
9th The sand paper roll having journals that slide in their bearings mechanism
for reciprocating it and a lever pivoted to the frame A and connecting the roller E¹
with the abrader L that also has sliding journals whereby the lateral motion of
the roller El is imparted to the abrader L as set forth.
10th The spokes or braces having bifurcated and grooved ends in combination
with strips WW2 and V³, the sand paper and its backing and securing. bolts as
set forth.
11th. The combination with a revolving cutter head of cutting plates having fine
serrations, so arranged as to alternate or "break joints" with each other substantially
as set forth.
12th In combination with a revolving cutter head, a plate having a serrated
cutting edge and face bearing on the cutter head stock substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Alfred Julius Boult have hereunto set my
hand and seal this fifth day of March in the year of our Lord One
thousand Eight hundred and Eighty three
ALFRED J. BOULT (L.B.)