Improvements in or relating to Machines for Moulding Articles from Molten Glass and similar Plastic Materials
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 7th Apr., 1900
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Moulding Articles from
Molten Glass and similar Plastic Materials,
A communication from JEAN BAPTISTE FONDU, Engineer, of 86, Boulevard de la
Senne, Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The moulding press is one of the most important objects in the manufacture
of hollow-glass articles, and many attempts have been made to devise a system
by means of which the manufacture may be carried on satisfactorily and rapidly;
to construct an apparatus, expeditious as regards output and easy to handle or
manage; but up to the present time all efforts have proved futile and have not
realized expectations. The hand-presses, such as they are, do not yield a satis-
factory out-put, cause a very considerable percentage of breakages, rapidly get
worn out and involve a serious strain on the workman. The reasons for these
drawbacks are to be found first.in the fact that the workman has to carry out
the following operations: he has to hold out to the glass melter the open mould,
take up the shears and cut off a quantity of the glass mass as he thinks, judging
by sight alone, the mould should contain for the purpose. In handling the
shears he may strike, with their points, against the walls of the moulds: thus
injuring the moulds whereby good moulding becomes increasingly difficult.
Then he has to exchange the shears.for the cover, which he places on the mould
and then, places the mould and cover under the plunger. Now, he has to take
hold of the lever to impart to it a downward movement in order to release the
springs and press the glass, an operation which, as is well known involves a
great strain and fatigue. Then he has to reverse the movement of the levers.
withdraw the mould, take off the cover, take up the mould again, turn it round
and often to tap at the back of the mould to cause the moulded article to drop
out, which only too often turns out defective owing to the workman's guess as
regards the exact quantity of glass required proving to have been erroneous,
the article being quite useless if the amount of glass taken was too little, or
seamy and therefore defective, if too much glass was taken. It is therefore
absolutely necessary to employ intelligent workmen, steady and of extended
practical experience, in other words, expensive workmen who can however
only effect a small output. Secondly, the moulds are rapidly worn out by reason
as already stated, (a) of the points of the shears striking against the walls of the
moulds, or in consequence of their rapidly becoming heated during the operations
enumerated which necessarily take some time, performed as they are, by
hand, while the glass inside is red-hot. This circumstance renders it necessary
to every now and then, plunge the mould and cover into cold water to reduce
their temperature; for, if this is not done, the mould becomes red hot, and the
glass will adhere to it. Exposed to such treatment the moulds are easily broken,

page_text: and especially the covers, which are rather delicate and will easily break, if
allowed to fall. It should also be mentioned that before moulding can properly
be begun, a large quantity of molten glass must be used for the purpose of
heating the moulds which results in a double waste of time and heat.
As regards moulding presses worked by hand, and others, they all suffer from
the same defects. The plunger punches are united with the cover, and worked
by one and the same movement, as if depending on one another. The pressure,
hence, comes first on the cover, and to cause, the punch to enter the mould in
order to give shape to the glass mass underneath, it is necessary to release a
number of spiral springs, and as all such work has to be done by hand, it is easy
to understand that the work must be very exhausting. This method, then, of
applying pressure to the cover by means of spiral springs. is very prejudicial to
the workman and is a bad arrangement from a mechanical point of view, the
cover never being sufficiently supported, nor brought on to the mould with a
decisive movement, while on the other hand, if the springs are made sufficiently
strong to give stability to the cover, the workmen could not stand a day's work
of ten hours. The same applies to the mechanical presses. No constructor has
as yet found the means of making these two movements independent of each
other, nor the means of sufficiently cooling the moulds, plungers and covers
during rapid work, nor of gauging the exact quantity of molten glass required
for the article to be produced." Glass presses have been devised with two and
three covers, always having the plungers dependent on each other, and working
alternately, but such arrangements are insufficient for manufacturing purposes
on a large scale, in spite of the cold air blast directed against the moulds, while
the complications and the faulty combination of the parts of the machine render
them very unreliable, as opposed to rapid and regular working and produces too
high a percentage of breakages.
After a careful examination of all facts and a conscientious study of each
feature referred to above, my correspondent has succeeded in surmounting the
difficulties by means of the improved machine about to be described. This
machine has therefore two pressures. independent of each other: it delivers.
automatically, the exact quantity of molten glass necessary for the production of
the article to be produced: it is so constructed as to maintain the moulds, the
plunger punch and covers during rapid and continuous work at a constant
temperature, and, finally it avoids the great waste of hot molten glass commonly
used for the purpose of heating the moulds as well as the covers and plunger
punch, to a high temperature before the work of moulding can be commenced.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The Figures I, II, and III represent the improved moulding machine in plan,
front elevation and side elevation respectively. Fig. 1, 2, 3ª are detail views are
the means employed for supplying molten glass to the mould.
Figure I is a plan of the machine constructed so as to be used for the moulding
of all kinds of glassware, or ware of plastic material. The moulds, the cover
and the punch may be cooled to any required extent: by means of passages
provided within their respective walls through which a stream of water is caused
to circulate; or they may be heated to the required degree, before starting work.
steam being passed through the same passages, as in the working of plastic clays,
the manufacture of faïence ware, porcelain or like articles, to which material
the consistency, necessary to preserve them in the shape in which they leave the
moulds, is produced by heat in the moulds.
The frame 1 is preferably cast in one piece and receives all the movements
of the machine. The rim flange is broken away to form spaces. In the centre
rises a vertical shaft 2 on which is secured a circular table 3 by means of a
cone 2 (Figure 2) and nut 3b (Figure 3). The table carries in this instance
6 moulds with circulating passages, the number of moulds, however is optional.
The gearing of the movements is accomplished by means of a shaft 5, worked

page_text: directly by an electric or other motor, or indirectly, by means of a belt from
some transmission device over a pulley. on the said shaft 5 (Figures 1, 2 and 3).
On the latter is secured a rib G engaging with the ratchet sleeve actuated by
a lever 8 (Figure 2) which is moved by means of a rod 9. In this position the
ratchet sleeve 7 is engaged with ratchet 11 which forms part of a piniou 12
engaging with a gearing 13, (Fig. 1). The latter is secured on a shaft 14
(Figures 1, 2 and 3) provided with a double endless screw, by which means it
produces all the movements of the machine, eiz.: it rotates the shaft 15 (Figure 3)
by means of a toothed wheel 15. This shaft revolves the cranks 16 (Figure 3)
secured on said shaft to which are connected rods 17 by which the rising and
falling actions are imparted to the cross-beam 18 carrying the plunger punch 19
which is regulated by swivel screws 20 having right and left handed screws by
means of which the pressure, to be produced on the moulding mass, is regulated
at will. On the same shaft 15 are secured cams 21 which operate levers 22
(Figure 3) which levers are connected to connecting rods 23 on the levers 23
united at their ends with rods 17. The latter are hinged at the ends of a cross
bar 24 which carries the cover 25 of the moulds, the pressure of which cover is
also regulated by means of the swivel screws 20 provided with right and left
handed threads. As may be seen from the above, one and the same cover is
sufficient for the six moulds, being made hollow or provided with a passage 59
(Figures 2, 3, 7 and 9) necessary for the circulation of cooling water, so as to be
kept cooled to the required degree. The cams 21 are so shaped and located on
the shaft 15, that the cover is set on to the mould at the proper moment, is kept
steadily on it during the time of pressure on the part of the plunger and lifted
when the latter leaves the mould.
The withdrawal of the cross bar 18 (Figure 2) which carries the plunger, is
effected by means of the cranks 16 assisted by counter weights 26, and the with-
drawal of the cross-bar 24, carrying the cover, by means of the same counter-
weights 26 carried on levers 27 turning on pivots 28 passing through the caps on
the upper parts of the screws 29 which secure the cross piece 30 to four stan-
dards 31, serving as guides to the cross pieces JS and 24. These standards are
fixed in the frame 1 by means of keys 32. In case the resistance should prove
to be in excess of that of the counterweights, which are intended to counter-
balance the cross piece 24 on its guide standards 31, disengagement is effected
by means of notches provided on the periphery of the crank plates 16 which in
their circular movement meet with rollers 33, lifting them together with their
connecting rods to any required height so as to leave the intermittently moving
carrying table 3 free to pass into the sixth position, which is effected by a special
device 34 and 35 (Figure 1) by which the necessary movement is exactly carried
out, and it is rendered impossible that it should ever deviate from the centre of
the moulds, whatever be the rate at which the machine is being worked. The
application of this intermittent movement, the use of which in moulding
machines I reserve exclusively to myself is of the greatest importance when it
is desired to secure a rapid and regular working without fear of disarrangements.
The circular plate 35 is actuated by the endless screw 14, engaging with the
toothed wheel 14° secured on the same sliaft 14ª (Fig. 3), as is the plate 35; and
whenever the tooth 36 of said plate 35 engages in a notch 34 on the intermittent
plate 34 the movement of the table 3 is effected, since the intermittent plate 34
is secured on the same shaft as the mould-carrying-table 3. The periphery of
the plate 35 kept in continual rotation by the endless screw 14b turns in one of
the six notches, the curve of which is of the same radius as that of the plate 35,
it engages, therefore, during the whole of its movement with the intermittent
plate 31. Under these conditions the moulds 4 are brought, with mathematical
precision, under the centre of the cover, and the plunger, the adjustment of
which had previously been secured by means of the cone
On the same
shaft 15 is also secured a cam 38 for working a lever 39 moving round its
axis 39ª and so actuated as to raise, at the desired moment a rod 40 which releases

page_text: the moulded article after having been left sufficiently long in the mould to
require the necessary consistence so as to retain its shape, say at every second
or fourth displacement of the table 3. The articles thus set free and raised are
taken up by a fork and placed on an endless belt lined with asbestos and by this
belt they are automatically taken to the place where they are polished or
annealed. I may here observe that such method of automatic transport by means
of a belt is not new in itself, my correspondent having invented it many years
ago in connection with a moulding machine.
This former belt was intended to receive the moulded articles and to transfer
them to a certain place where they were required; the belt was however not
lined or faced with asbestos nor was the latter employed in any way for the
preservation of the belt, which special features alone are claimed as of this
invention as by such means alone it is possible to transfer the red hot articles
coming out of the moulds directly to the chamber where they are annealed, or
place where they are polished by iar or mineral essence being sprayed into the
furnace by means of air or steam, or being fed by injectors, all these operations
being too well known to require description. My correspondent has also used,
for a long time past endless chains for carrying the articles automatically
through the annealing chamber.
The lowering of the rod after the mould has been emptied may be effected
by any kind of spring, for instance by means of a spring 40 (Figures 2 and 3)
surrounding the rod 40 which may press against the socket of the frame 40",
and against the shoulder 40 of the rod 40. Cam surfaces 41 (Figures 1, 2,
and 3) actuate the vertical shaft 42 by means of a rod 43 and rollers 44. The
cam 41 is so arranged as to hold the lever 45 stationary during the operation of
moulding, liberating the rod 43. It is only when the pistons are taken off and
the tube has completed the sixth movement bringing back an empty mould,
that the cam liberates the connecting rod 43, which drawn by the spring 46
(Figure 2) and a cam 41° actuating a roller 44 turns the shaft 42 carrying at
its upper end a lever 47 having a coupling 49 and actuates the lever 50 to which
a distributor gauge 50 (Figs. 2, 3 & 3) is fixed. The latter is fixed between
the feeding funnel 51 and lever 52 which carries the bottom plate 52. The two
levers 50 and 52 move on one of the guides 31 and rest on a ring 53 which is
adapted as to height by means of screw bolts 58 (Fig. 2). The spoon, then
drops a quantity of molten glass into the funnel 51" until the distributing
gauge 51 is filled. The funnel remains stationary being fixed to the body of
the apparatus by a support 54 and acts as shears when the lever 50 is displaced
with the distributor in order to partake in the movement necessary for emptying
its contents into the mould; the lever 47 moves in its course, the lever 52 forming
the bottom plate of the distributor and stops when it is above the mould so that
the glass falls on the centre of the mould: during the rest of its movement, the
spoon immediately removing with its stem the rest of the glass that may have
remained behind in the funnel. The operation of the bottom plate lever is very
simple. The levers 47 and 52 have different radii and axes, consequently the
end 47 of the lever 47, being engaged between the projecting part of lever 52
and the stop 57, leaves the latter and continues its movement in order to empty
the contents of the distributor 50 into the mould 4, the return being immediately
effected by the cam 41; which in case the bottom lever 52 recedes before the
finger could meet the lever 56 would come in contact with the stop 57. The
latter would give way owing to the spring 58 which also would bring it back to
its first position, as soon as the lever is stopped by an abutment on the frame,
on either side of its path of travel.
The means employed for heating and cooling the moulds,, the cover and the
plunger will now be described, which will be clear on referring to the drawings
Figures 5. 6 and 7: The moulds, cover and plunger have hollow spaces formed
within the thickness of their walls; these spaces or chambers 59 being provided
to allow cooling water to circulate during the work of moulding, or for applying

page_text: heating steam before moulding has actually begun. The change can be rapidly
carried out by means of tubes 60 which can be easily connected to the flexible
tubes through which water is introduced, or to the Hexible tube 62 by which
steam is admitted. The two flexible tubes are provided with closing taps. The
distributing tubes 64 (Figs. 3, 6 and 7) are provided with taps 65 and 66 to
allow of the admission of water and steam, at will, from one side or the other
and thus to cause the moulds, the cover and the plunger to be of the same
temperature. The moulds may be formed with or without cross-bar, the water
entering at the lower end and leaving the mould at the upper end of the channel.
In order to feed the covers-which pass through a long vertical movement-the
moulds and the plungers, angle tubes 67, or tubes of flexible metal are employed.
The discharge is by similar tubes, i.e. by flexible metal tubes 67, one end of
which is in communication with the upper end of the passage, while the other
communicates with a reservoir 68 receiving the heated water. In order to be
able to feed the moulds placed on the circular table, and actuated by a circular
motion, recourse has been had to a special arrangement, the use of which is
hereby reserved. All the passages 59 in the walls of the moulds, are connected
by metallic tubes 69 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) by means of unions 70, into a central
tubular part 1 in the centre of the axis of the circular table 3. This tubular
part receives a central tube 72, the upper end of which terminates in a cone 73,
provided with grooves 74 to permit the entrance of the water into the central
tube. This conical ended rod, shaped like a tap-spindle, engages in the case .74"
with the tube 4, which is held stationary in supports 75. The discharge of the
hot water or steam is effected through tubes 76, connected at the upper part
with the channel 59, and at the other end to a tubular part 77, forming part of
the discharging tube 78 which ends in an enlargement from which the water
enters the reservoir 68, provided with a discharge tube 79. Between the
admission tubes and the discharge tube there is an intermediate tube 80 to prevent
the discharging hot water from raising the temperature of the cooling water
which descends down the central tube for the purposes of cooling the moulds.
This reservoir 68 is fixed to the upper cross bar 30 by bolts passing through
the flange of support 30°.
Figs. 4 and 5 show in plan and vertical section, detached from the machine,
the mould provided with its cover and plunger, on a scale of one half of its
natural size, in order to be able to better show the combination of the conduits
and chambers destined to receive both the steam for the heating, before work
actually begins, and cold water to maintain the required degree of heat during
the work. The mould 4 illustrated, detached from its carrying table, is intended
to mould glass trays or baskets. As can be seen the conduit 59 conforms approxi-
mately to the outer wall of the basket leaving a narrow thickness of metal 5,
so that the water may easily cool the walls of the mould. The supply of fluid
is effected by means of the metallic tube 69, attached by screw sockets 70, and
the discharge is by a similar tube 76 (Fig. 3) attached by a similar socket 77.
A block 6 for forming the bottom of the basket, of a suitable ornamental shape,
serves to detach the basket when sufficiently cooled, by means, as explained
before, of the rod 40. The moulded.articles thus lifted from their moulds, are
taken by means of a fork, and deposited on an endless band or chain, lined with
asbestos, which passes by the machine passing on slowly to the polishing and
annealing oven, without the articles leaving the chain before they are anucaled
after polishing.
The cover is fixed by means of three bolts to the piston S4; the latter engaging
with the cross beam 24, is kept in position by springs 83 (Fig. 2) and an
abutment S5. The said cover is also provided with its own cooling chamber 59,
and is adapted to close the moulds and to form the border of the basket. It has
two projections SG (Fig. 5), and fits into recesses formed in the mould, so that
these two parts should always exactly correspond, in order that the lines of the
design of the basket should always properly fit and correspond. The supply of

page_text: fluid of the cooling chamber is effected by means of metallic flexible, tubes 62
connected to the cover by screw sockets 61. The discharge being effected by
another tube of the same kind 60, provided with a similar fitting.
The plunger S is also provided with its cooling chamber, closed at its upper
end by a stopper or cap 9, which plunger engages into the central sleeve of the
cross bar 18, closed, at its upper portion by the piston 10 (Fig. 3) held down by
the spring 83 (Fig. 2), which bears against a ring or abutment 11. This plunger
is kept in its place by means of two tubular parts 86 pivotted in the said plunger,
serving, as stated, the one for the introduction of cold water, or steam, and the
other for the discharge of hot water. The union is easily effected by, means of
two screw sockets. The place for the location of the tubes for the water or
steam and of the discharging tubes may conveniently be chosen according to
the situation of the reservoir in use. Of course they ought always so to be
arranged as not to interfere with the movement of the workmen or that of the
endless band which operates the machine.
Figures VI and VII illustrate in plan and section on a scale one half of the
natural size, separately from the machine, the charge distributor 50 with its
conduit.59. The upper part 51 attached to the support 54 (Figures 2 and 3) by
the branch 51, is provided with a funnel shaped mouth 51 by which the glass is
easily poured into the receiver 51 of the distributor 50. This receiver will
have the dimensions corresponding with the exact quantity required for the
article it is intended to produce. The distributor 50 is a simple box of cast
iron provided with a tail-piece 50° (Figure 6) by means of which it is attached
to the actuating lever, and is cast with its water conduit 59 surrounding the
receiving funnel 51. This part of the machine is of a construction far from
costly. The chamber receiving the substance to be moulded ought always to be
properly cleaned with emery and its two faces polished. Of course, it will be
easily understood that a different part 50 will be required for every different
quantity of material. The bottom plate 52 on which rests the material contained
in the receiver 51 is also of iron, cast in one with its water chamber 59, so as to
be kept at a constant temperature which will not chill the glass and will at the
same time prevent the metal from getting red hot. As has been explained
before, any excess quantity of glass is cut off and remains in the funnel 51, and
is taken up by the spoon, as the distributor moves on to drop its charge into the
mould. This part 52 advances with the distributor 50 until it is just above a
mould when it stops the molten glass falling as soon as the opening of the
receiver 51 passes over the edge 17 of the part 52, provided the distributor 50*
continues its movement until the edge 18 of the receiver has passed beyond
the extreme point 17. The supply of fluid to the conduits 59 is effected by
the flexible metal tubes 63 and the attachment 61 and the discharge by means of a
iubular 64 and tubes and attachments similar to those already described. The
projecting Hange forming part of the distributor is provided to prevent an
excess of glass that might have remained in the funnel from dropping during
the forward movement of the distributor, should the spoon not have been in
time to take it up.
Figures 8 and 9 illustrate by way of example in plan and section drawn to a
scale of half the natural size, a similar apparatus for machines worked by hand.
This not being worked at so rapid a rate may be employed without water chambers,
that is to say, the receiving chamber 14 alone requiring changing according to
the different quantities of material it is required to hold. It is sufficient to have
one for the maximum quantity and to reduce the dimensions of the receiver 14
as required. The apparatus will be easily understood from the drawing. The
funnel 16 is attached to a rod 19 by means of a nut; the distributor 13 is articu-
lated on to this rod, and is provided with a lever arm 20 by means of which the
surplus glass substance, that might have been in the funnel 16 is cut off. The
contents of the receiver are then transferred, sliding along the table 21 and
discharged into the mould 4 which may be provided with a water chamber 59

page_text: and cooled through a flexible tube 30, so as to maintain the temperature at a
required point. for moulding. The discharge of the heated water, may be
effected, when required by means of a tap. The table 21 is evenly secured on
the column 19 by screws or otherwise. The table 22 is secured in place by
screw checks or guides. The adjustment of the track is effected from behind
against the bolt 24 screwed into the flance 25 and the forward movement by
means of the stop 26 forming part of the distributor 13 which in its course strikes
against the stop 27 fixed on the table 21. A spring 28 presses the distributor 13
against the stop-bolt. The projecting plate 13 is to retain the surplus glass cut
off in the funnel 16 while the distributor drops the glass into the mould 4. The
stops 29 serve as abutments for the mould 4 so that they may always be stopped
at the same place. All this is shown by way of example only: for such an
apparatus may be constructed for any other movement: but all leading to the
same result of filling the moulds by means of a gauge distributor and dropping
into the mould the exact quantity of material required for moulding a certain
article, a feature of great importance in the invention and which may be applied
to all kinds of moulding machines.
Fig. 10 illustrates the means of manufacturing in a mould 89, made in one
piece and fixed on the machine, articles of glass or other plastic substance, with
feet and a neck, a process which at the present time. necessitates the employment
of moulds composed of several separate parts. To do this there is placed in the
mould 89 a ring S7 made in two parts, and which has the shape of the neck
which it is required to mould. By this means there may be produced in a single
operation and in moulds made in one piece, glass articles with feet or funnels or
goblets or dishes. Figs. 11 and 12. having necks 98 or with projecting feet 98¹.
These pieces have also a water reservoir or channel 96, which allow the articles
to be placed on one another by placing the feet 98 of one in the channels 96 of
the other, to prevent air from entering the vessels, thus preserving their contents.
The one on the top is covered by a lid 93 (Fig. 11) or by a bell 97 (Fig. 12).
The operation of this mould can be understood from the drawing. The cover SS
is placed on the mould and pressed on the ring 87. This cover is provided with
a swelling or circular under flange 96 which forms the neck (water reservoir)
of the vessel, when the plunger 90 compresses the material deposited in the
centre of the mould, and resting on the plate 92, which. after the removal of the
plunger 90. and of the cover SS. lifts out of the mould, the ring, together with
the vessel 91.
The covers, plungers and moulds used in the manufacture of these vessels or
cups may be provided with chambers for cooling them or for heating them, i.c. if
articles are made from plastic earth &c. whenever it may be deemed necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. An improved machine for moulding all kinds of articles of glass and the
like or articles of plastic materials such as faience, porcelain metal soft or heated
substantially as described.
2. In a glass or like moulding machine an automatic distributor of the exact
quantity of material required for the production or moulding of an article
substantially as described.
3. In a glass or like moulding machine moulds covers and plungers provided
with fluid circulating conduits within their walls for the admission of a current
of cold water in order that the moulds may not be heated beyond the temperature
necessary for a satisfactory process of manufacture or for the admission of steam
or hoi air in order to heat the moulds covers and plungers to the required degree
necessary at the beginning of work such means of heating being applicable for
press-moulds for glass and for blast-produced glass articles such as lamp glasses
bottles and other articles the moulds being in one or more parts and the cooling

page_text: or heating conduits being arranged in the walls of one or more of the parts
substantially as described.
.
4. In a glass or like moulding machine means for effecting two distinct move-
ments one moving the plunger the other moving the cover the two movements
being effected separately, so as to bring the cover on to the mould at the desired
moment, and to exercise a steady pressure without the use of springs substantially
as described.
5. In a glass or like moulding machine means for actuating the intermittently
moving table characterised by a circular table provided with an actuating and
an intermittently moving spur wheel device provided with arms the radii of which
are equal to those of the circular table and continuously actuated by an endless
screw of double effect to ensure the regular rotation of the table carrying the
moulds, whereby they are placed exactly under the centre of the plunger without
any possibility of passing beyond whatever the speed of working may be sub-
stantially as described.
6. In a glass or like moulding machine an uncoupling device applied to this
machine by means of which it is possible to stop the machine when necessary
substantially as described.
7. In a glass or like moulding machine the combination of water or steam
conduits with discharging devices applicable to moulds moving intermittently or
continuously substantially as described.
S. In a glass or like moulding machine means for effecting the movements
required to actuate the distributor of the moulding material substantially as
described.
9. In a glass or like moulding machine a device for distributing the moulding
material whereby the exact quantity necessary for the moulding of any article
about to be moulded is delivered into the mould substantially as described.
10. In a glass or like moulding machine moulds made in one piece comprising
a ring in two parts shaped to the form of the articles desired, whether the article
be made of glass porcelain or other plastic material a bottom plate cover with an
under circular projection and plunger substantially as described..
11. The complete means for applying the cover and plunger to moulds sub-
stantially as described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
12. The complete mould cover and plunger with water or steam circulation
passages substantially as described or illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the
accompanying drawings.
13. The complete means for supplying a predetermined quantity of molten
glass or other material to moulds substantially as described or illustrated in
Figures 6 and 7 or in Figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
14. The apparatus for use in forming vessels with feet and channelled rims
substantially as described or illustrated in Figure 10 of the accompanying
drawings.
15. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete glass
or like moulding machine substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this Sib dor of Novah 1800
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.