AN IMPROVED PAINT OR PIGMENT
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "AN IMPROVED PAINT OR PIGMENT to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide an iron paint of superior quality,
which may be readily and cheaply manufactured; and it consists in a paint
composed of silicate slag as a base, and oil as a vehicle, the components being
ground together, as hereinafter stated.
I have discovered that silicate slag from iron furnaces consisting, principally, of
iron chemically combined with silicon, is capable of extremely fine comminution
by mechanical means, and that the comminuted silicate slag unites admirably with
oil or other vehicles to form a product having in a high degree all the valuable
properties of iron paint, and having better flowing and enduring qualities than any
other iron-paint compound hitherto produced.
Silicate slag suitable for making a paint-base, as above described is found in the
iron slag from blast, puddling, or reheating furnaces, and is obtained by selecting
the parts of the slag, in which oxide of iron and silicon, or silicate of iron are
present, in a practically pure state, or with a comparatively slight admixture of
foreign substances.
The parts of the slag which contain the iron and silicon in the greatest purity
are usually found adjacent to the outer surfaces of the cooled blocks or cakes taken
from the moulds or pits into which the slag is run from the furnace. The parts of
the slag mentioned may be readily distinguished as being the heaviest and more
dense or compact part of the mass, and as being black, or nearly so, in color, and
also as having a vitreous fracture. Parts of the slag or cinder in which iron oxide
and silicon are practically absent are characterized by their porosity, light color, and
relatively low specific gravity. It is therefore readily practicable to make the
desired selection.
The slag thus selected is reduced in a dry state and after having been mixed
with oil in due quantities is then further ground in a mill suitable for the
purpose.

page_text: For the better qualities of paint I prefer to carry forward the dry reduction
of the material until it is reduced to a granular condition corresponding to fine
gunpowder, and to then mix the oil therewith and grind the two ingredients
together until the granular character of the base disappears; or until fine enough
for the particular purpose to which the paint is to be applied. The dry reduction
may however be continued further than above indicated, or until the material is
finely powdered, after which it may be mixed with oil and ground, both for its
further reduction, and to thoroughly incorporate the ingredients.
The paint produced from the material named above developes when properly
ground, a deep reddish-brown color, very desirable for many purposes; but suitable
pigments may be added to impart to the paint any color which may be desired.
It has been found that a base consisting of Silicate slag, though itself very dark, is
extremely susceptible to the action of the usual substances employed in coloring
paints, and that a large variety of colors may be produced with the use of a
less proportionate quantity of pigment than is commonly needed for other bases.
It is of course understood that other liquids may be employed in connection with
the oil for drying and other purposes, as in other oil paints.
I am aware that paint compounds have heretofore been inade containing oxide of
iron and silica; but such compounds have been made only from ores in which the
substances mentioned are present in mechanical admixture, it being a well known
fact that iron occurs in ores usually in the form of ferric or ferrous oxides, and not
in combination with silicon as a natural silicate. Silicate slag containing oxide of
iron and silicon chemically combined, as present in silicate slags, is found to possess,
as a paint base, superior and valuable qualities, in giving body and durability to
the paint, not possessed by iron oxides and silica when used in their natural or
mechanically combined state, as found in ores.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "AN IMPROVED PAINT OR PIGMENT and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a paint of superior quality, which may
be readily and cheaply manufactured.
The improved paint is composed of silicate slag, as a base, and of oil, as a vehicle,
these components being ground together in the manner hereinafter stated.
It has been found that silicate slag from iron-furnaces, consisting, principally, of
iron chemically combined with silicon, is capable of extremely fine comminution by
mechanical means, and that the comminuted silicate slag unites admirably with oil
or other vehicles to form a product having, in a high degree, all the valuable
properties of iron paint, and having better flowing and enduring qualities than any
other iron-paint compound hitherto produced.
Silicate slag suitable for making a paint-base, as above described, is found in
the iron slag from blast, puddling, or reheating furnaces; and is obtained by
selecting the parts of the slag, in which oxide of iron and silicon, or silicate of iron,
are present in a practically pure state, or with a comparatively slight admixture
of foreign substances.
The parts of the slag which contain the iron and silicon in the greatest purity
are usually found adjacent to the outer surfaces of the cooled blocks or cakes taken
from the moulds or pits into which the slag is run from the furnace. The parts of
the slag mentioned may be readily distinguished as being the heaviest and more
dense or compact part of the mass, and as being black, or nearly so, in colour, and
also as having a vitreous fracture. Parts of the slag or cinder in which iron
oxide and silicon are practically absent are characterized by their porosity, light
colour, and relatively low specific gravity. It is therefore readily practicable to
make the desired selection from a mass of slag, of that portion which is available
for the purpose of this invention.
In the case of slag from a blast-furnace the silicate of iron is presont in
comparatively small quantities; and as it accumulates being distinguishable, by the
characteristics above indicated, it may be readily selected by observing the
foregoing suggestions. In the slag or solidified liquid cinder which forms the refuse
from puddling or reheating furnaces the relative quantities of oxide of iron and
silicon are larger, the presence of a considerable part of the silicon being due to
the melting of the sand forming the furnace-hearth. In this case the selection of
proper material is attended with little difficulty, and this source of supply may,
therefore, be more commonly relied on with advantage.
It is a well known fact that this slag or cinder, especially that from reheating and
puddling furnaces, contains a large proportion of iron; but the latter, being
chemically united with silicon in the form of silicate of iron, is practically incapable
of separation for any useful purpose as a metal, and has therefore been considered as

page_text: of no value whatever. By selecting the parts of the slag mentioned I am able to
obtain, at a very slight expense, the silicate slag in a sufficiently pure state for use
in manufacturing the paint compound above set forth, while turning to valuable
account a material that has heretofore been practically a waste product.
In carrying my invention into practice the solidified silicate slag is reduced by
crushing or grinding to any desired fineness in a dry state, after which it is mixed
with oil in due quantities, and then further ground in a mill suitable for the
purpose.
For the better qualities of paint I prefer to carry forward the dry reduction of
the material until it is reduced to a granular condition corresponding to fine gun-
powder, and to then mix the oil therewith and grind the two ingredients together
until the granular character of the base disappears, or until fine enough for the
particular purpose to which the paint is to be applied. The dry reduction may,
however, be continued further than above indicated, or until the material is finely
powdered, after which it may be mixed with oil and ground, both for its further
reduction, and to thoroughly incorporate the ingredients.
The paint produced from the material named above developes when properly
ground, a deep reddish-brown colour, very desirable for many purposes; but
suitable pigments may be added to impart to the paint any colour which may be
desired. It has been found that a base consisting of silicate slag, though itself
very dark, is extremely susceptible to the action of the usual substances employed
in colouring paints, and that a large variety of colours may be produced with the
use of a less proportionate quantity of pigment than is commonly needed for
other bases.
It is to be understood that suitable materials may be employed in connection
with the oil for drying and other purposes, as in other oil paints.
I am aware that paint compounds have heretofore been made containing
oxide of iron and silica; but such compounds have been made only from ores in
which the substances mentioned are present in mechanical admixture, it being a
well known fact that iron occurs in ores usually in the form of ferric or ferrous
oxides, and not in combination with silicon as a natural silicate. Silicate slag
containing oxide of iron and silicon chemically combined, as present in silicate slags,
is found to possess, as a paint base, superior and valuable qualities, in giving body
and durability to the paint, not possessed by iron oxides and silica when used in
their natural or mechanically combined state, as found in ores.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
A paint composed of silicate slag ground in oil with or without coloring and
drying materials, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 77th do of Aust 100%
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.