Improvements in Clutch Hubs for Velocipedes.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Clutch Hubs for Velocipedes.
I, CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY, of 42, St. Luke's Road, Clapham, London, S.W.,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
This invcution has relation to clutch hubs to be employed in connection with
the driving wheels of velocipedes and so arranged as to admit of the said driving
wheel running free whilst the pedals and chain wheels remain stationary and in-
operative whereby the rider may still keep his feet upon the pedals when coasting
down hill or at other times as may be required, and the said invention has for its
object to so construct such hubs that they are stronger and more efficient than those
heretofore employed whilst the pivots of certain of the parts are relieved of com-
pression strains.
According to the said invention, the driving chain wheel or "back cog" is
so mounted upon the end of the driving hub that the latter is capable of running
free or of independent rotation relative to said wheel in one direction, whilst the
said chain wheel and hub are coupled together to move in common-when driving
power is transmitted by the usual chain gear-by means of a series of pawls pivotted
on trunnions mounted in suitable bearings on the hub as hereinafter described,
engaging with a series of ratchet teeth cut around the inside of the toothed part
constituting the chain wheel, which is supported upon the hub by a double series
of ball-bearings.
In carrying out one form of clutch hub in accordance with my improvements,
the end face of that part of the hub which is encircled by the chain wheel or toothed
ring is made preferably of larger diameter than the body part and is provided with
a series of, say, four pawls each mounted upon a pair of trunnions or studs respec-
lively taking a bearing within sinkings in the hub face and corresponding holes
in a plate encircling a preferably threaded or wormed extension of the hub and
being secured thereto by nuts or the like. The joint ends of the said pawls are
further supported by hook-shaped seatings adapted to support or back up the same
and thus relieve the pivots from the compression strains to which the same are
subjected when the toothed wheel is coupled to the hub for driving.
The toothed wheel consists of a ring or short sleeve having teeth around its
outer periphery at one end, whilst at the inside mouth or entrance of each end are
ball races, opposed, when the ring is in position, to corresponding races respectively
formed on the hub face and the inner side of the bearing plate and between which
races, ball bearings are located, so that the said toothed ring is thus mounted upon
a double set of ball bearings. That part of the inside periphery of the toothed
ring coincident with the pawls is cut with a series of ratchet teeth over which the
pawls which are forced outwards by springs-wipe when the driving wheel of the
machine is running free and the chain wheel held stationary, but with which the
said pawls engage and so couples the chain wheel to the hub when the said chain
wheel is again rotated, by the rider again commencing to pedal.

page_text: The body of the hub runs as usual upon ball bearings disposed between it and
the spindle passing therethrough.
improvements in Cluten fuos for velocipedes.
I, CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY, of 42, St. Luke's Road, Clapham, London, S.W.,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement; -
This invention has relation to detail improvements in clutch hubs to be employed
in connection with the driving wheels of velocipedes and so arranged as to admit
of the said driving wheel running free whilst the pedals and chain wheels remain
stationary and inoperative, whereby the rider may still keep his feet upon the
pedals when "coasting" down hill or at other times as may be required, and the
said invention has for its object to so construct such hubs that they are more
positive in their action and stronger than those heretofore employed whilst the
pivots of certain of the parts are relieved of compression strains.
In hubs of the type to which my invention pertains, the driving chain wheel
or back cog is so mounted upon the end of the driving hub that the latter is
capable of running free or of independent rotation relative to said wheel in one
direction, whilst the said chain wheel and hub are coupled together to move in
common when driving power is transmitted by the usual chain gear-by means
of a series of pawls pivoted on trunnions mounted in suitable bearings on the hub
as hereinafter described, engaging with a series of ratchet teeth cut around the
inside of the toothed part constituting the chain wheel, which is supported upon
the hub by a double series of ball-bearings.
Figure of the accompanying drawing represents a complete longitudinal
section of a free wheel" or clutch hub embodying my improvements.
"
Figure 2 is an end view of the said hub with certain parts thereof removed in
order to show the arrangement of the pawl and ratchet clutch mechanism.
Figure 3 represents, partly in section and partly in elevation the body part of
the hub separately.
Figure 4 represents the locking ring of the adjustable bearing cup. Figure 5
is a view of the right hand end of Figure 3.
Figure 6 represents an edge view, partly in section, of the toothed ring or wheel
upon the inside of which the ratchet teeth of the clutch mechanism are formed.
Figure 7 is a front elevation of Figure 6.
Figure 8 represents an edge view, partly in section, and an elevation, of the cone-
faced outer ring or end plate which constitutes an element of one of the double
sets of bearings upon which the toothed wheel is mounted.
Figure 9 represents, partly in edge view and partly in section, the cap end fit-
ting of the hub body which is coned to form a ball race element and also constitutes
one of the carriers for the trunnion-mounted pawls of the clutch.
Figure 10 represents a similar view of the ring which constitutes the other
support for the said pawls and which is fitted onto a collar of the cap.

page_text: Figure 11 is a front elevation of Figure 10, showing the bearing holes which
receive the one series of pawl trunnions, and
Figure 12 is an elevation of the cap Figure 9, showing the bearing holes for
the other trunnions, and also the hook shaped seatings which I provide to come
behind the pawls to relieve them of compression strains when they are caused to
engage with the ratchet teeth of the chain wheel for establishing driving con-
nection between the said wheel and the hub which carries the said pawls.
Figure 13 represents different views of one of the pawls, showing the trunnions
in the opposite sides thereof.
Figure 14 is an edge view and a plan of one of the springs provided in con-
nection with the pawls for keeping the latter up to their work.
Figure 15 indicates an elevation and opposite end views of one of the cross pins
upon which the said springs are mounted and which are rivetted or headed at one
end and provided with a screw nut at the other end. Figure 16 shows one of the
pins before being rivetted; also its nut separately and in section.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several
figures of the drawings.
In the form of clutch hub shown in the drawing, that end of the hub body a,
which is encircled by the chain wheel or toothed ring 6, is provided with a screwed
on cap c, larger in diameter than the said body part and is fitted with a series of,
say, four pawls d, each mounted upon a pair of trunnions or opposite side studs d', d²,
respectively taking their bearing within sinkings c', in the outer face of the cap c,
and corresponding holes e', in a suitably secured plate or ring e, encircling a
collar 2, on a sleeved extension. c3, of the said cap, whilst an outer cover plate f
and lock nut g, are screwed onto a wormed outer end of the said sleeve.
The joint ends of the said pawls, which are mounted and work within the space
between the cap and the opposed bearing ring e, are further supported by hook-
shaped seatings e, formed around the edges of a boss c, formed integral with or
suitably connected to the end cap of the hub body and adapted to support or back
up the said pawls and thus relieve their pivots or trunnions from the compression
strains to which the same are subjected when the toothed wheel is coupled to the
hub for driving.
The said toothed wheel 6, consists of a ring or short sleeve having chain gearing
teeth, around its outer periphery whilst at the inside mouths or entrances at
each end are ball races 62, 63, opposed, when the ring is in position, to correspond-
ing races 6, f6, respectively formed around the hub end cap c, and the inner side
of the outer end cover plate f, and between which races, the anti-friction balls h,
are located, so that the said toothed ring is thus mounted upon a double set of ball
bearings. That part of the inside periphery of the toothed ring which comes
coincident with the pawls is cut with a series of ratchet teeth 6, over which the
pawls which are forced outwards by springs i,-wipe when the driving wheel
of the machine is running free and the chain wheel is held stationary by the rider,
but with which the said pawls engage and so couples the chain wheel to the hub
for driving when the said chain wheel is again rotated by the rider again com-
mencing to pedal.
The body a, of the hub runs as usual upon ball bearings j, disposed between it
and the spindle k, passing therethrough, whilst the springs provided for the purpose
of forcing outwards the pawls and so keeping them up to the ratchet teeth, are
preferably carried upon cross pins 2, disposed across the space within which the
pawls are mounted. The inner ends, of the said pins may be secured to the
hub cap by rivetting whilst the other ends 3, which are screwed, pass through
holes e, in the bearing plate e, and receive small nuts e, on the outer sides, so
that the said pins, in addition to forming carriers for the springs, also serve to
secure the two elements within which the pawl trunnions have their bearing
together so that they form, with the said pawls and their springs, a complete and
easily detachable fitting.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is―
First In velocipede clutch hubs of the pawl and ratchet type, providing the
pawls with opposite trunnions or pivots mounted in bearings in the hub, or in
nttings carried by and rotating with the hub, substantially as described and set
forth.
Secondly-In velocipede clutch hubs of the pawl and ratchet type, providing
in connection with the joint ends of the pawls, hook-shaped or equivalent seatings
adapted to back up or support the said pawls and relieve the pivots or trunnions
from the compression strains set up when the toothed chain wheel, which is pro-
vided with the ratchet teeth, is coupled to the hub by the engagement of the
pawls therewith for driving, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly In velocipede clutch hubs of the pawl and ratchet type, the employ-
ment in connection with the trunnion mounted pawls, of a series of springs bear-
ing against the said pawls and carried upon a series of cross pins disposed between
and serving to connect together the fittings or parts of the hub in which the
opposite trunnions of the pawls have their bearing, substantially as described
and set forth.
Fourthly A clutch hub for velocipedes, comprising a hub body part with an
attached end cap and a bearing plate, a series of pawls provided with trunnions
taking their bearing in the separated faces of the said cap and plate and supported at
the joint ends in curved seatings formed in an extension of the cap, a series of
springs bearing against the pawls and carried by cross pins or rivets disposed
between and serving to secure together the end cap and bearing plate, in com.
bination with a chain ring or wheel mounted on a double set of ball bearings and
provided upon the inner periphery with a series of ratchet teeth adapted to be
engaged by the spring pawls on the hub, substantially as described and set forth.
Dated this 28th day of March 1899.
CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY,
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.
CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY,
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.