A NEW OR IMPROVED ENGINE FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 8, Rue de la Chausseé d'Antin, Paris, France, and 90, Cannon
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, for an Invention of "A NEW OR
IMPROVED ENGINE FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER." A communication from
Felix Roland, of Grenelle, France, Mechanical Engineer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th August 1881.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 8, Rue
de la Chausseé d'Antin, Paris, France, and 90, Cannon Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED ENGINE FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER." A communication from Felix Roland, of Grenelle, France, Mechanical
Engineer.
This Invention relates to a new or improved engine in which is used as motor
fluid, sulphuret of carbon, other, separately or mixed together or with water
in suitable proportions, or all gases capable of being liquefied or bodies capable of
passing from the liquid to the gaseous state, or vice versa, from the gaseous to the
liquid state.
This engine consists of a boiler of which the lower part forms a reservoir into
which the motor fluid is introduced by means of a pump, while the upper part
forms a steam chamber within which is concentrated and accumulated the vapor
produced by the motor fluid vaporized in iron or copper tubes placed vertically
within the body of the boiler and connecting the reservoir with the steam chamber,
from whence the vapor is led through suitable pipes into two motor cylinders, of
which the single action pistons are connected by their rods and by shafts and
cranks in the usual manner to parts of a machine to which motion is to be
imparted.
The tubes within which the vaporization is to take place are surrounded by a
bain-marie of linseed-oil for high pressure engines and of water for other machines,
and the heating of this bain-marie is effected by lamps burning petroleum, schist,
Price 6d 1

page_text: or other oils placed beneath the reservoir, and the products of the combustion of
which together with the heat pass vertically through the mass of oil or of water
constituting the bain-maric, through a flue surrounded by that oil or water, and
spreading out from distance to distance into the form of lenticular hollow chambers
in order to increase the heating surfaces.
The vapor flowing from the steam chamber into the motor cylinders, after being
utilized therein, is forced by the back stroke of the piston within two condensing
apparatus placed respectively beneath the said cylinders. These condensers are
provided internally with a worm surrounded by water, of which the upper end
terminates in a chamber communicating with the motor cylinder placed above it,
in the midst of which chamber is placed a hollow lens or ball destined to contain a
refrigerating mixture for accelerating the condensation, whilst the lower end of
the worm communicates with the body of the feed-pump in order to conduct the
products of condensation to it, from which, as fast as the condensation takes place,
the motor fluid thus reconstituted is forced again into the reservoir and the tubes
of the boiler, where it is revaporized in order to be utilized over again; the same
quantity of motor fluid is thus made to serve indefinitely, being alternately
vaporized and condensed without loss or diminution.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th January 1882.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 8, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 90, Cannon Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED ENGINE FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER." A communication by Felix Roland, of Grenelle, France, Mechanical
Engineer.
This Invention relates to a new or improved engine in which is used as motor
fluid, sulphuret of carbon, ether, separately or mixed together or with water
in suitable proportions, or all gases capable of being liquefied or bodies capable of
passing from the liquid to the gaseous state, or vice versa, from the gaseous to the
liquid state.
This engine consists of a boiler of which the lower part forms a reservoir into
which the motor fluid is introduced by means of a pump, while the upper part
forms a steam chamber within which is concentrated and accumulated the vapour
produced by the motor fluid vaporized in iron or copper tubes placed vertically
within the body of the boiler and connecting the reservoir with the steam chamber,
from whence the vapour is led through suitable pipes into two motor cylinders, of
which the single acting pistons are connected by their rods and by shafts and
cranks in the usual manner to parts of a machine to which motion is to be
transmitted.
The tubes within which vaporization is to take place are surrounded by a
bain-marie of linseed oil for high pressure engines and of water for other machines,
and the heating of this bain-marie is effected by lamps burning petroleum, schist,
or other oils placed beneath the reservoir, and the products of the combustion of
which together with the heat pass vertically through the mass of oil or of water
constituting the bain marie through a flue surrounded by that oil or water, and
spreading out from distance. to distance within the boiler into the form of lenticular
hollow chambers in order to increase the heating surfaces.
The vapour flowing from the steam chambers into the motor cylinders, after
being utilized therein, is forced by the back stroke of the pistons within two
condensing apparatus placed respectively beneath the said cylinders. These
condensers are provided internally with a worm surrounded by water, of which
the upper end terminates in a chamber communicating with the motor cylinder
placed above it, in the midst of which chamber is placed a hollow lens or ball
destined to contain à refrigerating mixture for accelerating the condensation, whilst
the lower end of the worm communicates with the body of the feed pump in order
to conduct products of condensation to it, from which, as fast as the condensation
takes place, the motor fluid thus reconstituted is forced again into the reservoir,
and the tubes of the boiler where it is revaporized in order to be utilized over
gain; the same quantity of motor fluid is thus made to serve indefinitely, being
lternately vaporized and condensed without loss or diminution.
The Invention will now be described more particularly by reference to the
ccompanying Drawings, in which
Fig. 1 represents a vertical front view, part in section, of an engine constructed
ccording to the Invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical side view of the same part in section.
Fig. 1A is an enlarged sectional view of a part of the heating annaratua

page_text: A, A', is a cast or wrought iron frame; B, B¹, the boiler containing the generator,
consisting of wrought iron or copper tubes; c, c, the bain marie of linseed oil for
high pressure engines and water for others. These tubes are connected with the
lower reservoir, and with the upper one z which serves as vapour chamber; D, D¹,
is the recipient containing the bain marie, part of the heating apparatus, and the
generator of hydrogen gas or of vapour of mineral essence for increasing the heating.
power; this recipient is of hard wood, lined or not with lead, the bottom formed by
the heating apparatus is of metal.
The heating is obtained by means of the lamps E, E', in a chamber beneath the
boiler; they burn petroleum or mineral essence through a circular wick, to the
centre of which leads a pipe provided with a small hole, through which flows
the hydrogen gas or hot air, the deuto carburetted hydrogen or the vapour of
sulphuret of carbon drawn from the boiler or the vapour of mineral essence; a, a¹,
is the conducting pipe for the hydrogen; b, b', the tube for vapour of sulphuret
of carbon derived from the tube l, ; E", the tube conducting the vapour of
mineral essence from the generator G, G, to the lamp E. The said lamps are
surrounded by wire gauze; D" is a nozzle for the vapour of mineral essence for
lighting purposes; o¹, o', o¹, o¹, are lenticular chambers superposed, and communi-
cating by means of a suction tube F, F¹, through which the flame of the lamps
circulates, rendered more ardent by the current of hydrogen or other gas or of vapour
of mineral essence as before stated. In each chamber is a hollow lens, concave
below and convex above, communicating through the tubes u', u', u', u', with the
interior of the boiler.
The heat generating apparatus consists of a tube G in which revolves a roller G¹
covered with tresses of undressed hemp. The said tube passing through the
bain marie communicates to it the heat developed by the rotation of the roller.
The latter is provided with a governor H which causes it to rise as the speed
increases; when the friction is less the temperature diminishes, the roller gradually
descends, the friction becomes again energetic, and the temperature again rises.
This method of heating permits of regulating the temperature at will by opening,
more or less, the cock which admits the current of hydrogen, or that which gives
passage to the current of sulphuret of carbon which would be impossible with the
methods of heating actually in use.
This driving apparatus J, J¹, consists of a cylinder I, of a single action piston K of
phosphuretted bronze surrounded by a circular spring forming a hermetic joint, and
of a slide valve box f which forms the bottom of the cylinder, quite a novel arrange-
ment, which prevents all loss of motor fluid, because in case of the slide valve
becoming loose the vapour or gas could only escape into the cylinder, where it
would be utilized together with the vapour acting upon the piston. The box has a
double bottom, between which the valve g, g, slides, consisting of a plate pierced
with three holes. It is acted upon by the rod h connected with the piston. When
the latter is at the end of its stroke the rod h descends into its sheath V, and by
its projecting end in form of an inclined plane forces the slide valve from right to
left, and gives entry to the vapour. When the piston rises and has attained the
middle of its stroke the entry of the vapour is stopped, the slide valve being
brought back from left to right, but the piston continues its ascending stroke, at
the end of which the rod h pushes the slide valve from right to left and opens the
eduction pipe for the vapour during the descent of the piston so as to do away
with all other pressure. This kind of slide valve allows the entry of the gas or
vapour into the cylinder to be varied at will. The pistons being single actioned
the motion is transmitted by means of the rod i alternately to the forked connecting
rods K, K', and to the cranked axle L, L', and from the latter to the fly-wheel M
to the pulley M³, and through the bevel wheels X, X¹ to the shaft H' which
operates the friction roller G₁, and to the bevel wheels N, acting on the
governor N¹.
The condensation is effected in an apparatus beneath the driving cylin·ler, with

page_text: which it is connected by the pipe m, m
When the motor fluid is soluble in
water the said apparatus is provided with a worm o, Fig. 1-2, to which a
refrigerator chamber P₁* Fig. 2, may be added. The said apparatus is arranged
without a worm O, Fig. 2, for the sulphuret of carbon, which is condensed directly
in the water; it is arranged as follows :-
O¹, Fig. 2, is a recipient containing water; C", chamber, in the centre of which
is a hollow ball H" designed to contain a refrigerating mixture; y, cork ball forming
valve, allowing the vapour to enter, but preventing its exit; n', nozzle to fill the
recipient; o, blow off exhaust cock; 8, 8', pipes forintroducing the liquid into the
reservoir of the feeding pump P; K", the forcing pipe from the pump P into
the boiler B, B'; L, L', shaft carrying an eccentric with collar T acting on the
pump piston through the connecting rod S, S¹. The delivery of the pump is so
regulated that the liquid on arriving in the reservoir Q is forced immediately into
the boiler, of which the level is always the same, the motor fluid being recon-
stituted after its expansion in the cylinder; R is a steam guage.
The motive engine may be constructed of any size; it may be horizontal,
stationary, or portable, and can be arranged as travelling engine for common roads,
and can be used for all purposes to which steam engines are applied.
The Invention as described in the foregoing is based upon the following
principles:-
:-
1st. The use, as motor fluids, of sulphuret of carbon or of ether, separately or
not, or mixed with water, ammonia, carbonic acid, hydrogen, and other gases
capable of being liquefied, and of all bodies capable of passing from the liquid to
the gaseous state, and vice versa.
2nd. The use as lighting fluid of the vapour of mineral essence, or of other com-
bustible vapours.
3rd. The vaporization of these liquids by means of lamps for burning petroleum
or other essences, the combustion of which is more intensified by a current of
hydrogen gas or of hot air, or of the vapour of mineral essence, of sulphuret of
carbon, or of deuto-carburetted, hydrogen gas, or other gases or vapours.
4th. The heating of these liquids by bain marie or otherwise.
5th. The sustaining of the temperature by means of an apparatus for generating
heat by friction.
6th. The transforming of the motor fluids from the liquid to the gaseous stato,
and vice versa.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of
carrying it into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details above enumerated, as these may obviously be modified without
departing from the principle of the Invention, according to the special construction
and intended applications of the engines in which they are adopted, but what I
claim is,-
1. The boiler B, B¹, with bain marie, in combination with the generator C, C1,
the reservoirs c, &, the recipient D, D¹, the lamps E, E, the conducting pipes a, a',
b, b, 1, 1, E, the generator G", G", the chambers'o', o', substantially as above
described.
2. The heating apparatus G, G', in combination with the governor H, substantially
as set forth.
3. The driving cylinder I, in combination with the piston K, the slide valve
box f, the slide valve g, g, the rods h and i, the connecting rod K³, the shaft L, L',
the fly wheel M, the pulley M', the gearing X,X, the shaft H, the friction roller G²,
the tube G, the gearing N, and the governor N¹, substantially and for the purposes
above described.
4. The recipient O, O', the chamber c", the refrigerators P¹, H¹¹, the valve y, as
abovo described.
5. The combination of the pump P and resorvoir Q with the boiler B, B¹, the

page_text: shaft L, L', the eccentric T, the connecting rod S, S¹, the pipes 8, s¹, and K¹
substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this 28th day of January, One thousand eight hundred
and eighty-two.
(87)
H. BONNEVILLE (L.S.)