IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Betti, Guiseppe, of Milan, in Italy, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
Sealed the 17th May 1870, and dated the 20th November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Betti, Guiseppe, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th November 1869.
I, BETTI, GUISEPPE, of Milan, in Italy, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved method of constructing steam
boilers so that steam will be almost instantaneously produced, the
water being thoroughly superheated before its admission to the steam
generating chamber of the boiler. I prefer that the boiler should be
vertical, and I construct it of two main parts, the lower one of which
contains the furnace placed in a bell-shaped chamber, a central flue
passing from it through the water and steam into the second or upper

page_text: part, which consists of an outer egg-ended casing having in the centre
a smaller casing of a corresponding shape for containing the water
before it is supplied to the boiler. The gases of combustion pass
through and around this upper water space and thoroughly superheat
the water therein contained, which is then admitted to the lower water
space or boiler through a pipe in the ordinary way. Steam from the
boiler is also allowed to mix with the supply water to more efficiently
superheat the same. Around the neck of the bell-shaped chamber
forming the furnace is a coiled pipe perforated with small holes, through
which cold water from the feed pump drops on to the furnace plates,
whereby steam is rapidly generated.
It will be understood that my improved boiler is supplied with all the
ordinary and necessary fittings, such as steam guage, safety valves, and
others, the object of the Invention being that by reason of the peculiar
construction of my boiler I economise fuel, space, and time to an extent
never hitherto accomplished.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Betti, Guiseppe, in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GUISEPPE
BETTI, of Milan, in Italy, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenticth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Guiseppe Betti, Her special licence that I, the said
Guiseppe Betti, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Guiseppe Betti, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Guiseppe Betti, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of

page_text: their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Guiseppe Betti, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists in an improved vertical boiler of a cylindrical
shape intended to produce steam almost instantaneously, there being in
connection with it an apparatus for feeding the boiler with superheated
water, and the object of the Invention is to obtain great economy in
fuel, in the space required for the boiler, and in the time for generating
the motive power.
The manner in which this Invention is to bo performed will be clearly
understood by the following particular description thereof, reference being
had to the figures and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
in which Fig. 1 is a vertical elevation of the boiler complete, and
Fig. 2 a vertical section with a small portion in clevation.
To the inside of the cylinder or outer casing A of the lower part of
the boiler is fixed the vessel B formed at the bottom of a bell shape,
and at the upper part is a pipe or neck C, and in the space between the
bell and the outer casing there is water, as shewn in Fig. 2, and in the
interior of the bell is placed the furnace. The small spiral or serpentine
tube a round the lower part of the pipe or neck of the vessel B receives
water from a feed pump at the commencement of operations or other
required time, and transmits the water or lets it fall through small
holes in the pipe on to the convex surface of the bell-shaped vessel B.
The cylinder I, having at the bottom a nozzle or contracted opening,
is fixed to the outer casing of the boiler, and is used to conduct
the smoke to the chimney N, it being in communication with the
pipe or neck C, as seen in Fig. 2. In the interior of the cylinder I
is fixed the vessel b, used as a reservoir of water, heated by the passage
of the smoke circulating over the exterior of the vessel and through a
pipe or flue in the middle to the chimney N, as shewn by the arrows,
and as the ends of the vessel bare semi-spherical there is a great heating
surface. Thus the boiler consists of two main divisions, the first of

page_text: which is comprised of the following parts:-A, a cylinder formed of
sheet metal and used as the steam boiler; B, a vessel placed in the
interior of the cylinder A to form the inner surface of the steam and
water chamber, and also to contain the furnace and conduct the smoke
to the chimney; C, the foundation of the boiler used as an ash box;
D, nozzles of wrought or cast metal; E, level of water in the steam
boiler; F, cock of the suction and forcing pump, which feeds the boiler
by means of the perforated pipe a when required; G, steam gauge;
H, safety valve. The second division consists of the following parts:-
I is a cylinder of metal containing the reservoir 6; L, a tap for
supplying a jet of steam to heat the water in the reservoir b; M, a tap
for supplying heated water from the reservoir 6 to the steam boiler; N,
part of the chimney; O, a damper for regulating the draught.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I do not claim any of the parts taken separately; but
what I do claim is, the general arrangement of the several parts of the
boiler, as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Guiseppe Betti, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy.