An Improved Method of and Means for Raising, Lowering, and Retaining in any Desired Position Railway and other Carriage Windows.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1890-Accepted, 13th Dec., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Means for Raising, Lowering, and
Retaining in any Desired Position Railway and other Carriage
Windows.
I, JOHN ROBERTSON, of 2 Victoria Street, Newton Stewart, Wigtownshire Scot-
land, Wine Merchant's Assistant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved method of raising and lowering, and
automatically arresting and holding, in any position, the windows of railway and
other carriages, combined with a novel means of carrying out the same, the object
of which is to dispense with the old and conventional strap as hitherto adopted
and used.
In order that my invention and the manner of operating the same may be clearly
understood I have appended the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is an external elevational view of a railway or other carriage door, part of
the outer casing of which is broken away to show the application of the mechanism
fitted thereto and forming the subject of my said invention.
Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1 taken upon an imaginary line drawn at A B.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the plate A in Fig. 1 shewing an alternative method
of arranging the parts which it is the duty of said plate to carry.
Fig. 4 is a section, and Fig. 5 a plan view respectively of the plate as shewn in
Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the type of sliding handle constructed by me for
use upon and with a plate arranged as at Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a front elevation of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is another method of arranging the top of the plate A, and
Figs. 9 and 10 are sectional and front elevation respectively of the type of sliding
handle constructed for use therewith.
Fig. 11 is another manner of constructing said plate A, and
Figs. 12 and 13 are section and elevation of the handle therefor.
Similar letters of reference are used to indicate corresponding parts throughout the
drawings.
In carrying my invention into effect I provide a metallic plate A the top of
which a is bent at right angles to the face of the plate as shewn in section
Fig. 4. Upon the face of AI provide three or more projecting studs according
to which of my methods be adopted. Dealing for the present with that shewn
at Fig. 1 I use five such studs distributed over the plate, preferably, as shewn,
upon one of which I mount a grooved wheel or pulley B, which carries upon
its face a chain wheel C attached thereto by pins, screws, or any suitable means, or
where practicable may form part thereof, or be integral therewith, the axis of both
being identical, the one stud answers for both B and C, a second stud situated a
sufficient distance above the first to allow a grooved wheel D, of smaller diameter
than B, to revolve thereon without being in touch with B or a. Upon the opposite
end of the face of A are two other studs each carrying a grooved wheel E and F
respectively preferably of the same diameter as D, or I may in certain cases dispense
with F and use a larger wheel in the place of E, in either case the position of E is
preferably as near to a as posside without being in touch therewith. Upon the
four wheels C, D, E and F, or where F is dispensed with upon C, D and E, is
mounted an endless stud chain G which is preferably square in cross section, the
grooves in D, E and F being constructed to receive the same without its protruding
beyond the peripheries thereof. The opening in the links of G are arranged to

page_text: coincide with the pins or projections upon the periphery of the chain wheel C which
pass therethrough so that when C is revolving the chain G is carried along thereby
over and under the wheels D, E and F. To the pulley B and within the groove thereof
is fastened one end of a thin cord H, which may be made of any material or substance
suited therefor, the opposite ond passes from Bover a grooved pulley I mounted upon
the remaining, or fifth stud, situated at or about the position shewn by Fig. 1. The
top a of the plate A is provided with a longitudinal slot K extending nearly from
end to end thereof, and from said slot extend a number of lateral openings L, or in
some cases a similar number of square or round holes, are formed in a parallel with,
but not extending from the slot K, said slot is arranged so as to be immediately over
and coinciding with the track of the upper surface of the chain G, and within this
slot I place one or the other of the several types of sliding handles M. shewn in the
accompanying drawings, and attach it by means of a nut screwed upon a threaded bolt
formed on the bottom thereof, and which has previously passed through one of
the links or openings in the chain G, to the chain itself, in the manner shewn by
Fig. 1.
A plate A formed in the manner described, and mounted with studs, wheels,
chain and handle as shewn, I fix by means of screws or bolts or any other suitable
means upon the inner surface of the inside of a railway or other carriage door or
window provided with a sliding glass or other panel, the length of said plate
being
not less than the width of the sight opening of the door or window to which it is to
be attached. The position of said plate upon the door or other opening is such that
the top a occurs at or about the same position as the reel over which the strap
passes on such doors or windows when a strap is used for the raising and lowering
thereof, the width of a being slightly less than the thickness of the door or window
frame at the part marked Fig. 2, so that the sash may slide up and down without
coming in contact therewith. The plate A being fixed upon the door in the manner
described the free end of the cord His attached by any suitable means to the bottom
of the sash J, as shown at Fig. 1.
In the method of arranging the plate A shewn by Fig. 1, the circumferential
measurement of the wheel B must be not less than the travel of the sash J from
its upper to its lower position of rest, and a like measurement of the chain wheel C,
must coincide with the travel of the handle M within the slot K, therefore, given
that the sash J is at its lowest position the handle M would be at the extreme end
of K farthest from the wheel D, and when J is at its highest position M would be
at the reverse end of. K close to D, and any division of the travel of M would
establish a similar division in the travel of J. By this it will be understood that when
the sash J is to be raised, or lowered, the handle "M is moved along K until the sash J
is in the required position, and that the movement given to M must necessarily be
imparted to the chain G, which acting upon the wheel consequently operates the
wheel B which being connected to J by the cord I raises or lowers Jas desired,
and is held in the required position by reason of the connection of M with L to be
hereinafter more fully explained.
I may in certain cases dispense with the wheels D and E and arrange the
wheels B, C and F in the manner shewn by Figs. 3 and 4 in which case the upper
part of the chain G would be a greater distance from a than it would in the method
shewn by Fig. 1, and would in consequence require a greater depth of handle
below a to reach G. In adopting this method, the top a of plate A would have
lateral openings I. formed in the slot K in the manner shewn by Fig. 5 and the
handle M which may be constructed of any suitable metal or substance, would in
this case be of the type shewn by Figs. 6 and 7, in which it will be understood
that is swivelled upon date and that c and d are kept apart by the tension of a
suitable spring interposed there between. When c and d are compressed or closed
the handle is placed within K until the flange upon rests upon a, it is then
free to slide from end to end of K so long as c and d remain compressed or closed.
To the bottom of d is swivelled the screw / provided with a Hange which rests
upon the top of the chain G, the screw passes through G and is fastened thereto
by a nut in the manner before described and shewn by Fig. 1. The object of the

page_text: swivel connecting i and h with d is in order that the lateral motion of d may not
be imparted to the chain G, and I may here mention that although I have described
and shewn G as a stud chain I may in certain cases use a band in lieu thereof
punctured to receive the pins or projections upon the wheel C in order that it may
co-operate therewith in the same manner as the chain. The object of the broad
flange is to keep the handle M in a vertical position when passing along K, which
is necessary by reason of the distance between a and G in this method. "When the
window or sash J is to be raised or lowered d and care closed and the entire
handle M. slided along K until the window is in the desired position, when the
handle may be released and d operated by the spring leaves e and engages with
the nearest opening and holds the sash J in that position. I have before
mentioned that the circumferential measurement of B and C must be identical with
the traverse of M and J, but this applies more particularly with the method
illustrated by Fig. 1, and in the method shewn by Fig. 31 may compromise this
by reducing the size of B and C, circumferentially, so that the traverse of M and J
may represent one and a half or more times the circumference of B and C in order
that G may be kept nearer to a.
In adopting the method illustrated by Fig. 1 I use a plate top a constructed either
as shewn at Fig. 8 or Fig. 11, in the former case I use therewith a sliding handle M
designed as at Figs. 9 and 10, in which dis recessed to receive c which has a lug m
upon the heel thereof, and this engages with the holes L Fig. 8, which in this case
are separate, and a sufficient distance from K to accommodate m when c and d are
separated by in a similar manner to that previously described when referring to
Figs. 6 and 7. In this case G being close up to a the flange i Figs. 9 and 10 rests
upon the upper surface of a, and the projection passes through K and the screw
through G in the same way as before described and fastened thereto in a like manner.
When using a plate formed as at Fig. 11, 1 construct M in the manner shewn by
Figs. 12 and 18, but in this case M stands upon a across K so that the broad lug m
may engage with the cross slots L in Fig. 11, but the manner of operation relatively
with remain the same as in the previously cited methods.
Although the Figs. 1 and 3 have been described as elevational views of the
alternative methods of constructing the plate A and its accessories, in each of these
figures I have chosen to shew a in section to illustrate the manner of attaching M to G,
and may be read as a section of Fig. 5 upon an imaginary line C, D.
In order that the sash J may slide more freely in the slots formed in the vertical
stiles of the door for that purpose, I may in certain cases insert within said slots
any number of small wheels n made of india rubber or other similar substance or
of wood or metal faced with the same material, said wheels being held in position
by pins or the like upon which they may revolve. Or I may attach said wheels
to the sash within suitable recesses formed in the sides thereof and held in position
in a similar manner and for a like purpose. And I may in certain cases with a
view to silence in the motions of J, fix upon the edges thereof strips o of india
rubber or other non-resonant substance as at Fig. 2.
By the adoption of my invention as above described the sash or window may be
raised or lowered, or partly raised, or partly lowered, and retained in any position
by the automatic action of the handle ML, and I wish it understood that I may employ
either of the methods shewn in the construction of the plate A and its accessories, or
any of the types a or any of the methods of constructing M without departing from
the principle of my said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
First In an improved method of and means for raising and lowering railway and
other carriage windows or sashes, the use and application of a plate A, with top a
constructed as shown by Figs. 3, 4, 5, 8 and 11, in combination with wheels B, C, D,
E, F and I, and chain or band G, with sliding handle M, constructed as at

page_text: Figs. 6, 9 or 12, substantially as and for the purposes herein described and shown
by the accompanying drawings.
Second-The construction and use of a handle M. for raising or lowering window
sashes in the manner herein set forth, or for other purposes, substantially as described
and shewn by Figs. 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 and 13 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 30th day of October 1890.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.