Improvements in Lock-nuts, or Means of Preventing the Unscrewing of Threaded Parts and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 27th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 27th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lock-nuts, or Means of Preventing the Unscrewing
of Threaded Parts and the like.
EDGAR ALFRED GODDIN, of 138, Brooke Road, Stoke Newington London, N.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide a nut, or other equivalent part which
will resist the various forces tending to unscrew it when in use.
This result I obtain by providing the nut with two or more threaded portions or
zones of the same pitch as the bolt, stud or other threaded part to which it is to be
applied, these said threaded portions or zones being so disposed with relation to
each other, along the bore of the nut, as to be out of pitch, that is, if the threads
of any two adjacent portions were produced so as to encroach upon each other they
would not coincide.
The thread or threads may be continuous or may be interrupted by an annular
groove at that part or parts of the nut which separate the said uniformly threaded
portions or zones.
Such a nut may be easily screwed on to a bolt stud or other threaded part until its
second threaded portion or zone is reached, when the said nut must be stretched or
compressed before it will go on further, after which the friction between the said
bolt or other threaded part and the nut will be so great as to resist its unscrewing.
The following is one way in which I apply my invention, but I do not restrict
myself to any specific construction.
I provide the nut with one or more internal or external annular grooves or
I may provide it with both internal and external annular grooves, and, after
threading the said nut in the usual way, I compress or stretch it at that part or
parts where its cross sectional area has been reduced by the said annular groove or
grooves, or I may dispense with the said compressing or stretching operation by
threading the different portions separately.
In a modified construction I use two or more nuts co-operating with one or more
suitable elastic connections which urge the said nuts, when in use, together or apart
so as to increase the friction between the bolt or other threaded part and the nuts
so as to effect their jambing or locking.
This elastic connection is provided with ears, projections or other suitable means
of preventing the relative movement of the nuts with which it coöperates.
I may, however, dispense with a separate elastic connection and prevent the
relative movement of the nuts by means of one or more pins or their equivalents
coöperating with suitably located holes, grooves or the like.
My invention obviously applies to any screwed hole, irrespective of the form of
the part containing it or to which it is applied.
Dated this 27th day of January 1896.

page_text: Improvements in Lock-nuts, or Means of Preventing the Unscrewing
of Threaded Parts and the like.
EDGAR ALFRED GODDIN, of 138, Brooke Road, Stoke Newington, London, N.,.
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in lock-nuts or means of preventing the
unscrewing of threaded parts and the like and has for its object the providing of a
nut, or other equivalent part which will resist the various forces tending to unscrew
it when in use.
This result I obtain by providing the nut with two or more threaded portions or
zones of the same pitch as the bolt, stud or other threaded part to which it is to be
applied, these said threaded portions or zones being so disposed with relation to
each other, along the bore of the nut as to be out of pitch, that is to say, if the
threads of any two adjacent portions were produced so as to encroach upon each
other they would not coincide.
The thread or threads may be continuous or may be interrupted by an annular
groove at that part or parts of the nut which separate the said uniformly threaded
portions or zones.
Such a nut may be easily screwed on to a bolt, stud or other threaded part until
its second threaded portion or zone is reached, when the said nut must be stretched
or compressed before it will go on further, after which the friction between the
said bolt or other threaded part and the nut will be so great as to resist any
tendency to unscrew.
The following is one way in which I apply my invention, but I do not restrict
myself to any specific construction.
I provide the nut with one or more internal or external annular grooves or I may
provide it with both internal and external annular grooves, and after threading the
said nut in the usual way, I compress or stretch it at that part or parts where its
cross sectional area has been reduced by the said annular groove or grooves, or
I may dispense with the said compressing or stretching operation by threading the
different portions seperately.
In a modified construction I use two or more nuts coöperating with one or more
suitable elastic connections which urge the said nuts, when in use, together or apart
so as to increase the friction between the bolt or other threaded part and the nuts
so as effect their jambing or locking.
This elastic connection is provided with ears, projections or other suitable means
of preventing the relative movement of the nuts with which it coöperates.
may, however, dispense with a separate elastic connection and prevent the
relative movement of the nuts by means of one or more pins or their equivalents
coöperating with suitably located holes, grooves or the like.
My invention obviously applies to any screwed hole, irrespective of the form of
the part containing it or to which it is applied.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, shows a vertical section through the sides of one of my improved
lock-nuts.
Fig. 2, is a similar section showing my improved lock-nut applied to a bolt end.
Fig. 24, shows a modified form of my invention.

page_text: section through Fig. 3 on the line x-x.
Fig. 5, is a built-up nut embodying my improvements, and Fig. 6 is a detail
of same.
Fig. 7, is another form of my improved lock-nut.
Figs. 8 & 9 are respectively a vertical section and plan of a modification.
Figs. 10 & 11 are respectively a vertical section and front elevation of another
modification, and
Figs. 12 & 13 are respectively a transverse section and side elevation of another
form of iny invention.
In Figs. 1 & 2, the nut, A has a boss B, and is provided with an annular
recess, a, so as to form a web, b, which when subjected to pressure enables the two-
uniformly threaded portions A & B to be brought slightly nearer to each other,
with the result that, when the nut is screwed on to a threaded part, C, the said two
parts, A & B, must be forced apart to a greater or less extent before the threaded
part, C, can enter the second part, B, of the nut.
Owing to the stretching and consequent dishing of the annular web, b, when the
parts A and B were squeezed together, and to the elasticity of the metal of which.
the nut is made, the said web, b, acts as a spring and, in pulling the parts, A & B,
towards each other, puts a heavy but yielding pressure upon the entire thread of
the part, C, enclosed by the nut.
This pressure, however, is taken by the top side of the thread of the part, C,
that lies within B and by the bottom side of the thread of the part, C, that lies
within A, consequently any pressure tending to force the nut off the bolt or other
screwed part, C, will increase its resistance to turn.
In Fig. 2, the nut is shown applied to a slack bolt and shows a space above the
tops of the bolt thread in the lower part, A, of the nut, but not in the upper
part, B, this is owing to the fact that when the bolt, C, begins to enter B, the
pressure is taken by a very small portion of the thread of that part of the nut,
which is consequently slightly bent upwards and so decreases the space between it
and the next convolution of the thread with the result that the thread of the bolt
has to wedge its way between the threads of the upper section, B, of the nut.
This minute distortion, which gradually decreases as the bearing area of the
threads in B increases, is rectified by the wedging action of the bolt, C, which.
restores the distorted portions to their proper condition as it gets further into the
said second section, B, of the nut, and, at the same time, causes the web, b, to yield
instead.
In Fig. 2, the nut, A, is shown with an external annular groove, a', and the
thread or threads of the uniformly threaded zones or portions, A*, B*, are
continuous, while that part of the said thread or threads which lies between them,.
and is in the plane of reduced cross-sectional area, has its pitch reduced when the
two parts, A and B, are squeezed together.
In Figs. 3 & 4, the web, b, is formed by providing the nut with an internal
annular groove, a, and an external groove, a'.
In Figs. 5 & 6, the nut is composed of two parts, A & B. The part, A, is
screw-threaded at c, and is provided with an enlarged circular opening, c', which
leads into a square opening, c2, at the top of this part, while the part, B, consists of
a boss, also screw-threaded at, c, and a square flange, c³, adapted to lie in the square
opening, &, where it is secured by its walls, c, which are barred over after it is in
place.
Fig. 7 differs from Figs. 3 & 4 in that it is provided with three uniformly
threaded sections or zones, A, B & B, instead of two, and that these parts are
clasticly united to each other by two webs, b, formed by two internal and two-
external annular grooves, a & a', respectively, instead of one of each as in the said
Figs. 3 & 4.
Figs. 8 & 9 illustrate an arrangement consisting of two nuts, A & B, having
compressable washer, D, between them which admits of such relative adjustment

page_text: of the nuts as will enable subsequent relative movement to be prevented, such as
by pinning, bending of ears, or other equivalent means.
This arrangement also enables the degree of locking to be adjusted.
The compressable washer, D, is provided with annular or other suitable
corrugations, d, and has ears d', adapted to be bent up and down alternately so as
to prevent the relative movement of the nuts after their adjustment.
In Figs. 10 & 11 is shown another arrangement in which the nut, B, is provided
with a yielding or elastic flange, f.
In use, the nut, B, is screwed on to the threaded part, C, and the flange, f,
compressed until one of the holes,, in the nut, B, is opposite one of the holes, k,
in the other nut or adjacent part, E, when a pin or screw is inserted to prevent
further relative movement.
Figs. 12 & 13 show a modified form of lock-nut, which differs from Figs. 1 & 2,
in that it is provided with a slit, s, going right through the nut, from side to side,
instead of an internal annular recess as in the said Figs. 1 & 2, the two
parts, A & B, of the nut being united by the parts s¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A lock-nut, or other equivalent part having two or more uniformly threaded
sections or zones and provided with one or more elastic or yielding webs or like
parts (preferably annular) between them, so as to enable the relative positions of
such uniformly threaded sections or zones to be varied substantially as described
and for the purposes set forth in the specification.
2. A lock-out, or other equivalent device, having an internally threaded hole,
whose cross-section is reduced at one or more parts (substantially as at a or a' in
Figs. 1 to 4 and 7, or at s in Fig. 13) so as to enable the nut to be more easily
compressed at such parts, substantially as described and for the purposes set forth in
the specification.
3. In apparatus for preventing the unscrewing of threaded parts, the use of one
or more compressible washers, flanges or equivalent parts, in combination with two
or more threaded parts, the compression of which compressible washers, or their
equivalents, admits of the relative adjustment of the said threaded parts so as to
enable the insertion of a pin or screw or the bending of ears, projections or the use
of other equivalent means for preventing subsequent relative movement of the said
parts, substantially as described and for the purposes set forth in the specification.
4. A lock-nut substantially as described, with reference to Figs. 1 & 2.
5. A lock-nut substantially as described, with reference to Fig. 2ª.
6. A lock-nut substantially as described, with reference to Figs. 3 & 4.
7. A lock-nut substantially as described with reference to Figs. 5 & 6.
8. A lock-nut substantially as described with reference to Fig. 7.
9. A lock-nut substantially as described with reference to Figs. 12 & 13.
10. The arrangement constituting a nut-locking device substantially as described
with reference to Figs. 8 & 9.
11. The arrangement constituting a nut-locking device substantially as described
with reference to Figs. 10 & 11.
Dated this 26th dor of Dutuhan 1906
EDGAR A. GODDIN,
Applicant.