Year: 1889

page_text: I HUGO BERGNER of Bergedorf in the Empire of Germany, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to centrifugal machines in which mixed liquids are divided
into their separate parts according to gravity and automatically removed from the
machine by centrifugal force and more especially to machines having a vertical
cylindrical centrifugal vessel of proportionately large height and small diameter in
order to expose the liquid to be separated to the action of centrifugal force, during a
certain time in the said vessel, during its passage through the same, said liquid entering
below whilst the separated products leave at the top.
The improved centrifugal machine is represented in the accompanying two sheets of
drawings in which Fig. I is a longitudinal section of the machine with its bearings
and provided with a rope driving gear. The impulsion can however also be pro-
duce by toothed wheels or in any other suitable manner; for example the impellent
power can also be produced in the manner explained in Figs. 2 and 3 where a turbine
propelled by air or other fluid pressure is fixed to the upper end of the shaft.
Reference being made to Fig. 1. S is the centrifugal vessel carried above and below
on conical bosses on the vertical shaft m. P is an exterior casing which is connected
with the frame B, and R and R¹ are respectively upper and lower bearing for the
shaft m.
The lower bearing is a step bearing. Qis the driving pulley keyed on
shaft m.
In order to obtain a suitable inlet for the liquid to be separated the shaft m is pro-
vided with a bell shaped annular flange d at the place where the centrifugal vessel S
is secured to the said shaft below. This bell d may be formed in one piece with the
shaft as shown in the drawing or it may also be fixed to the shaft as a separate piece.
It is necessary that a free space 2 remains between the shaft and bell. The con-
nection between the centrifugal vessel and bell is at o and may be contrived by
shaping conically the outer wall of the bell and by placing the centrifugal vessel
thereon from above or the connection may be done by screw thread or by any other
suitable device. Around the lower continuation of shaft m. is arranged the two con-
centric tubes i and having a space between them through which the liquid reaches
the bell d from an inlet tube g which extends to the reservoir containing the liquid.

page_text: The tubes and project into the bell d. These tubes are closed below by the ring A
so that the liquid can only flow out at the top in the direction of the arrows and thus
arrives in bell d. The wall of the bell is provided within the centrifugal vessel with
one or more perforations through which the liquid is thrown into the vessel by the
centrifugal force.
The centrifugal separation now takes place in this vessel S in the known manner
and the lighter portion of the liquid leaves the vessel at a and the heavier portion at a
through the tube v.
z and are receiving galleries for the separated portions and are ribs or partitions
in the centrifugal vessel. The devices for the flow out of the liquids are known and
consequently need no further explanation.
When the machine is at rest again, the liquid remaining in the centrifugal vessel
flows out from the machine through the openings into the vessel E by passing down
the space outside the tube. If however.one desires to keep this liquid in the vessel S
the openings are provided with plates or valves which shut of themselves as soon
as the machine stops or rotates slowly but which during normal working are opened
by the centrifugal force.
If the impulsion is to be done by an air or gas current, the shaft m of the vertical
centrifugal vessel could be connected with a turbine as shewn in Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 2
is.a longitudinal section through the upper part of the machine. Fig. 3 a cross section
on line of Fig. 2. through the shaft and through the turbine. As in Fig. 1m is
the vertical shaft which is carried below in a step bearing. S is the centrifugal vessel, B a
frame for carrying the bearings and the cover P. At the upper end of the shaft m above
the bearing R is secured a disc H the periphery of which, carrying the inclined
or curved wings projects over a circular shaped chamber from which the air blows
through the openings between the wings r. The chamber channel p is suitably
formed by the metal piece we which is connected with the frame K carrying the bearing R
and within the frame can likewise be arranged the air feed channel f
Air may be supplied to the feed f from a reservoir of compressed air or direct from
an air compressor or liquid carbonic acid may be used for the impulsion by putting the
channel in connection with the reservoir coutaining the compressed liquid carbonic*
acid by a suitable pipe with valve for cutting off or regulating the supply of carbonic
acid gas thereto.
•
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1. lu a centrifugal machine for liquids having a vertical centrifugal vessel S and
vertical shaft m the method of securing the vessel on the shaft by upper and lower
conical bosses on the shaft.
In a centrifugal machine for liquids having vertical centrifugal vessel S and
vertical shaft 'm the bell d on the shaft in combination with the concentric tubes i i¹
around the shaft for supplying the liquid within said bell and the perforations & in the
bell 'd substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
13: In a centrifugal machine for liquids the combination with the shaft m of the
disc H secured to said shaft and having wings and which encircle an annular'
chamber P with side openings q q'and having a feed chamber for the purpose set
forth.
•Dated this 1st J
A