matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW FASTENERS
Year: 1884

page_text: QUALI LELE
DECORTICATIVA.
We, THOMAS SAUNDERS of Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manu-
facturer and THOMAS STUBBS of 26 Willington Road Stockwell in the County
of Surrey do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WINDOW FASTENERS" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that
is to say:
Our invention has for its object improvements in window fasteners by which we
obtain far greater security and simplicity combined with cheapness in construction
than has hitherto been attained.
Window fasteners as hitherto used have been generally made for the hand bolt
or lever to be fastened with its carrying main plate on the back or outside top sash
the staple being secured to the top of the inside or bottom sash.
Now according to our invention the lever and plate are secured to the top of the
inside or bottom sash and the staple plate to the outside or top sash which we
will now proceed to explain by the help of the accompanying sheet of drawings
Figure 1 is a cross section through the two sashes with the window slightly open
thus showing a side view of the fastener when just about to be shut down.
Figure 2 is a plan of the sashes closed together the full lines representing the
lever and bolt locked and the dotted lines with the lever drawn out by hand
knob S when the window is being opened.
Figure 3 is a cross section through the bolt and staple.
A is the bottom or inside sash and B is the top or outside sash. The main
portion of the fastener C is screwed upon the sash A by suitable screws c¹ and c³,
The staple D is secured to the sash B by other screws. It will be noticied from
the section Figure 3 and the side elevation Figure 1 that the nose d³ of the back
staple is rounded on its top edge and that the under side of the nose of the bolt c¹
of the lever E has a corresponding round which comes in contact with the rounded
nose of the staple D aforesaid so that when the sash A is pressed down sharply
the lever E turns upon its pivot H bearing against a spring which brings the
lever back smartly under the nose of the staple as shown by the section Figure 3.
The square shoulder R always prevents the lever or leg E from projecting too far
over the upper sash B otherwise it would not work and might break the window
by going over too far.

page_text: It is practically impossible to open this fastener from the outside though it is so
very simple in appearance and construction. It will also be evident that it may
be made in a great variety of shapes and designs to please the eye without
departing from the spirit of the invention-The fasteners may also be used in
other positions which are similar to window slides with advantage.
Having therefore now described my said invention what I claim is :-
The window fastener with projecting rounded nose on the handle lever taking
into a staple automatically when drawn down and regulated by the projecting
shoulder stop R substantially as herein set forth and illustrated on the accom-
panying drawings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, ABRAHAM HARMENS, of number 9 Howard Street, Strand London W.C.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
WASHING MACHINES to be as follows:-
I have a vessel or boiler, with a lid and a copper bottom. I place in this vessel
a false bottom which rests upon the copper bottom of the vessel. Through the
centre of the false bottom I have a pérforated cylinder, terminating in a cap or
cover overlapping the cylinder.. On one or more sides of the vessel I have a
passage fixed to (and in communication with the space below) the false bottom
with openings at the top in such proportion as will allow the fluid to rise and fall
with the same velocity.
The heated water rises from between the two bottoms up and through the passage
before described from whence it is projected directly onto the top of the materials
to be cleansed and by the atmospheric pressure it is forced down, removing in its
descent the impurities contained, and this process continues so long as may be
necessary.
The aforesaid vessel or boiler may be of any suitable metal and substance and of
any convenient size and shape.
Spirit lamps or gas may be used where ordinary fire may not be convenient.
Mode of using the Machine.
I first put in soap between the two bottoms I then fill the vessel to about one
third with clean water and place it on the fire, and fill up the vessel with the
articles to be washed-in about one hour this will be effected.
1
1004

page_text: 3 The tube or passage connecting the space enclosed by the two bottoms, with
the distributor or projector.
4 The general arrangements and combination of parts substantially as herein-
before described and shewn on the drawings accompanying this specification.
Dated this 29th day of October 1884.
A. HARMENS.
A DEVICE FOR PREVENTING COMPRESSION OR DEFORMATION OF THE TOES BY THE STOCKING WHEN THE BOOT IS PUT ON
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
I, HEINRICH LUETTRINGHAUS, of the City of Barmen, in the Empire of Germany,
merchant in the said City, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
"A DEVICE FOR PREVENTING COMPRESSION OR DEFORMATION OF THE TOES BY
THE STOCKING WHEN THE BOOT IS PUT ON," and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention has for its object to prevent the compression or deformation of the
toes by the stocking, when the boot is put on.
In describing the invention reference will be made to the annexed drawings
Figs 1 to 4.
Fig. 3 represents in plan a foot covered with a stocking. Experience teaches,
that when the foot thus covered is introduced into the boot, the stocking is tightly
pressed against the toes, so that the latter are bent, and the stocking so tightly
surrounds the toes that it causes a compression of the front part of the foot and
favors the formation of distorted feet.
With boots or shoes having a high or narrow instep this drawback is particularly
perceptible. Owing to the constant pressure, the stocking is soon worn and torn at
the toes.
In order to prevent this drawback, I use a curved elastic needle represented by
Fig. 2.
One end of the needle has an eylet to which is attached a string of sufficient
length to reach above the shaft or leg of the boot and which serves to draw the
needle out of the boot or shoe after use.
This safety needle for protecting the toes is used in the following manner:
Before putting on the boot, the stocking is loosened in front of the toes so as
to produce a narrow space between the toes and the edge of the stocking, as
represented in figs. 3 and 4.
Thereupon the elastic needle is inserted into the
stocking at one end (preferably near the large toe), and passed through the material
by several stitches, close to the toes, as represented by Fig. 4 so that when the
boot or shoe is put on, a free space remains between the toes and the edge of the
stocking. A string attached to the eyelet of the needle is placed in such manner
over the instep of the foot as to reach above the shaft of the boot as represented
in Fig. 1. After the boot is put on, the needle may be removed by means of the
string, without inconvenience.

page_text: In the space thus obtained the toes are allowed sufficient room to occupy
a convenient and natural position within the stocking.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
The combination of an elastic and slightly curved eyelet-needle, with a string or
tape substantially as described, and for the purpose of protecting the toes of feet.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING CHESSMEN
Year: 1884

page_text: We GEORGE CUMBERPATCH of Melville House, Carson Road Dulwich in the
County of Surrey Draughtsman and ANDREW MACKIE of 42 Cambridge Street
Westminster in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of our invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING CHESSMEN to be as
follows:-
The Chessmen are formed in moulds, dies or stamps, any suitable plastic material
being used for the man

page_text: We GEORGE CUMBERPATCH of Melville House Carson Road Dulwich in the
County of Surrey Draughtsman and ANDREW MACKIE of 42 Cambridge Street
Westminster in the County of Middlesex Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of our invention for AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING CHESSMEN and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
In making chessmen we make or form moulds of each of the different figures or
pieces The moulds can be made of any suitable shape or material but it is
preferred to make them of metal The moulds are made in two or more pieces so
that the material may come away easily without clinging to the sides an opening
for the insertion of tho material being formed in the mould at a suitable place The
pressing or forcing of the material into the mould can be simply done by hand or
by means of a machine with a plunger or screw pug mill arrangement similar to
brickmaking machines. The materials used for forming or making the men can be
of clay paper maché or any other plastic material or compound capable of being
forced into the mould but it is preferred to use clay or paper maché the men after
being moulded are removed from the mould and allowed to harden after which
they are finished in such a manner as may be deemed suitable or desirable Having
now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is:-
First The process or mode of forming chessmen as described by moulding
substantially as described.
Secondly The use of metal moulds for the purpose described substantially as
herein set forth.
Dated this 24th day of October 1884.
GEORGE CUMBERPATCH.
ANDREW MACKIE.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW DOWN DIAPHRAGM VALVE TAPS
Year: 1884

page_text: We ALFRED VAUGHAN and THOMAS VAUGHAN both of Albany Works, Stewart
Street, Wolverhampton in the county of Stafford Brass Founders, do hereby declare
the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW DOWN DIAPHRAGM VALVE
TAPS to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to an improved method of attaching the cap which
holds down the india rubber or other washer forming the valve. This washer is
usually held between the cap & the flange on the body of the valve, the cap being
fixed on by four or other number of screws screwed into the flange on body of
the valve Our improvement consists in dispensing with the separate screws and
screwing the cap into a female screw in the body of the tap so as to press upon and
hold the rubber washer down.

page_text: We ALFRED VAUGHAN and THOMAS VAUGHAN both of Albany Works, Stewart
Street Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Brass Founders do hereby
declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW DOWN DIAPHRAGM
VALVE TAPS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention has referance to an improved method of attaching the cap which
holds down the india rubber or other washer forming the valve, this washer is
usualy held betwen the cap and the flange on the body of the valve the cap being
fixed by four or other numbr of screws, screwed into the flange on the body of
the valve or Tap. Our improvements consists in despencing with the seperate
screws, and screwing the cap into a female screw in the body of the Tap, so as to
press upon and hold the rubber or other washer down, and to further explain the
nature of our invention we give herewith drawings of the interier and exterier of
the Tap.
Fig 1. is a section of the valve Tap.
Fig 2 is a side elevation.
A female screw is cut inside the boss A inside A. the circular diaphragm of
india rubber or other washer C is dropped and covers the inlet and outlet ports the
cover B is screwed into A till it presses against the edges of the diaphragm.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention,
and what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is,
The method of attaching the cap to the body of Tap by screwing into a socket
cast thereon substantially as herein before described.
De 100%
AN IMPROVED CANDLE LAMP FOR THE USE OF RAILWAY TRAVELLERS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
RICHARD HARTSHORNE, 39 Newhall Street Birmingham, Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED CANDLE LAMP FOR
THE USE OF RAILWAY TRAVELLERS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, to be as
follows:-
First By means of a Vice which is made to clasp or grip the Cushion in front
(or when necessary, both Cushion and Scat) of Railway or other Carriages, a
support is thus obtained for the upright tube containing a Candle, which tube is
constructed on the principle of the Telescope enabling it to be contracted into a
small space which with the Vice mentioned, is enclosed for convenience in a Box
about eight inches square.
The whole when in use supplying the passenger with a good light close to the
Book or paper he may be reading rising or falling at pleasure by means of
Telescope Action as before named.
The Vice is made to extend or contract from three inches to 7 inches so as to
grasp any ordinary thickness of various Cushions, and the grip being maintained
by means of a wire spiral spring inside.

page_text: I, RICHARD HARTSHORNE, of 39, Newhall Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN
IMPROVED CANDLE LAMP FOR THE USE OF RAILWAY TRAVELLERS AND FOR OTHER
LIKE PURPOSES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
By means of a vice which is made to grip the seat of a railway carriage, or
other suitable support, an arrangement of telescopic tubes is carried. These
telescopic tubes carry the tube which contains the candle; and tho said candle
is raised during combustion by a spring. When in use the height of the light can
be adjusted by the telescopic tubes; and, for convenience of packing, the whole
apparatus can be closed into a small compass.
The accompanying drawings illustrate a lamp constructed according to my
invention. Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of the laiup fixed for uso. Fig. II shews
the candle tube. Fig. III shews the telescopic tubes closed for packing. Fig. 1V
shews the vice for gripping the carriage seat or other support.
Like references denote like parts in the drawings, a is the tube of the vico, and
b and c are the jaws of the same gripping the support d. The spring i actuates the
upper jaw c. The jaws b and c turn upon the hinged joints b¹ and c¹, as shewn in
Fig. IV, when the apparatus is packed; and the parts shown in Figs. II, III and IV
can then be placed side by side in a box.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The construction of an improved candle lamp; consisting of a candle tube,
carried by a telescopic arrangement of tubes and a spring vice, as described and
illustrated.
Dated this 26th day of January 1885
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER COCKS
Year: 1884

page_text: We RICHARD WOOD of 9 Highfield Terrace Keighley in the County of York,
Engineer JAMES DEWHIRST 6 New Bridge Street Keighley in the County of York
Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
WATER COCKS, to be as follows:-
An Improvement in construction and application of the Seat and Valve of High
Pressure or Screw Down Water Cocks, Applicable to new & old Cocks, so as to
be easier to stop & capable of better withstanding the action of the water.

page_text: We RICHARD WOOD, Engineer 9 Highfield Terrace Keighley in the County of
York, and JAMES DEWHIRST Plumber, 6 New Bridge Street Keighley in the
County of York do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN WATER COCKS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
An Improvement in Construction & Application of the Seat & Valve of High
Pressure or Screwdown Water Cocks, applicable to New and Old Cocks, so as
to be easier to stop and capable of better withstanding the action of the Water.
REFERENCE TO DRAWING,
'a' Improved Seat with small orifice and of superior metal to solder on to
Original Seat 'b' or in construction of New Cocks, the orifice to be of the same
dimensions in substitute of the original Seat. 'c'Improved Valve 'd' Leather
or other fiber Washer.
Having now particularly-described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, We declare that-what-
we claim is:-
In a Water Cock the combination with the body of a Valve Seat 'a,' with the
Valve 'c' provided with Guide stem holding the Washer d and passing through
the orifice in Valve Seat substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose set forth.
Dated this 15th day of December 1884
A NEW PROCESS OF DYEING BLACK ON COTTON COTTON YARNS OR COTTON FABRIC OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I JOSEPH CLARE of Greenfield in Saddleworth in the West Riding of the
County of York Dyer and Finisher do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for A NEW PROCESS OF DYEING BLACK ON COTTON COTTON YARNS OR COTTON
FABRIC OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE to be as follows:-
I pass the goods through a solution of extract of logwood and afterwards through
an alkaline solution of sulphureted hydrogen & a solution of iron or an alkaline
solution of sulphur and a solution of iron.

page_text: I JOSEPH CLARE of Greenfield in Saddleworth in the West Riding of the
County of York Dyer and Finisher do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for A NEW PROCESS OF DYEING BLACK ON COTTON COTTON. YARNS OR COTTON
FABRIC OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
I prepare a dye bath with a solution of extract of logwood and a solution of
extract of quercitron bark, the proportion varying according to depth of shade
required. I pass the goods through the logwood and quercitron bath, or pad them
with it after which the black is struck and fixed by passing the goods through a
solution of sulphate nitrate acetate or chloride of iron to which is added an alkaline
solution of sulphur or sulphide of Hydrogen. In carrying out my invention I find
the following mode produces good results For the dye bath I take a solution of
extract of logwood standing at about 4 degrees twaddell the dye bath I keep up as
a standing liquor and after passing one lot of goods through I add fresh logwood to
keep up the quantity and strength. For some shades I add to the logwood a
solution of extract of bark, fustic, or other yellow colouring matter, in proportion
to shade of black required. After passing the goods through the logwood, and
they become saturated they are passed between Rollers or put in to an Hydro-
extractor to remove the excess of liquor. I then prepare a bath as follows, twenty
four gallons of water, six quarts of solution of sulphate of iron standing at twenty
degrees twaddell, then add two quarts of an alkaline solution of sulphide of
Hydrogen, standing at ten degrees twaddell I put the goods through the bath and
the black is produced.
I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the precise
proportions herein set forth as such may be modified without departing from the
principles of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The use of sulphide of Hydrogen or sulphureted Hydrogen in dyeing cotton
cotton fabrics, cotton yarns, or other vegetable fibres black.
1
ADJUSTABLE SEAT FITTINGS FOR VEHICLES
Year: 1884

page_text: I GEORGE MORRIS of Prince Wales Road and Magdalen Street in the city of
Norwich in the county of Norfolk Coach and Carriage Builder, do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for ADJUSTABLE SEAT FITTINGS FOR VEHICLES to be
as follows:-
Upon the inner sides of the body of a cart or other suitable vehicle I fix an angle
iron the horizontal face of which is furnished with a number of alots about one
third of its length from the front of the Vehicle the remainder of the face being
smooth,
The front and back seats of the cart are so made that they may be disconnected
at will. The back seat may be regulated at suitable distances from front seat by
means of two connecting irons which are made to slip in and out of two bosses
that are fixed underneath hind part of front seat. These two irons are set fast by
means of two thumb screws which turn into the bosses.
When the thumb screws are tightened the front and back seats may be moved
backward and forward as a whole between the angle irons upon rollers fitted to the
bottom of the seats.
In the middle of the front edge of the front seat I fix a worm spindle which is
worked by a movable handle and geared into a toothed wheel.
This toothed wheel is fixed upon a rod or spindle which passes along the front
edge of the front seat and the ends of which are also fitted with toothed wheels.
which gear in the slots of the angle irons aforesaid.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1. represents the application of the fittings to a dog cart where they are
shewn in dotted lines.
2. is a plan of the seats of the dog cart so fitted.
"
3. is a front elevation of the seats.
دو
4. is a side elevation of the seats.
"
"
5. is the worm spindle and tooth wheel in the middle of front seat.
"
6. is the movable handle.
"
7. is the boss and thumb screw underneath front seat.
The following letters are placed upon the like parts in all the figures.
น α
"
"the angle irons "b" the front seat "c" the back seat d d the connecting
irons e. e¹ the thumb screws, ff¹ the rollers g" the worm spindle "h" the
handle "j" the tooth wheel "k" the rod or spindle upon which the toothed wheel
is fixed and on which also are fixed the other toothed wheels l. 1.

page_text: (2) That the front and back seats of a Vehicle may be moved backwards and
forwards as a whole to alter the centre of gravity of the Vehicle according to the
load that is in the Vehicle.
(3) That this movement of the seats as a whole is produced by the worm spindle
and toothed wheels geared in the method shewn in the drawings referred to.
HARE & Co.,
Agents.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR PREVENTING THE RATTLING OF WINDOW SASHES
Year: 1884

page_text: HAROLD SMITH of Pinley House n³ Coventry, Gentleman do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for IMPROVED MEANS FOR PREVENTING THE RATTLING
OF WINDOW SASHES, to be as follows:
A metal knuckle is screwed on the bead of the window frame which holds the
sash in place, the convex face of the knuckle then nearly touches the sash trame,
a round headed screw is screwed into the sash frame so that when the window is
shut the knuckle slightly binds against the head of the screw: by turning the
screw either way their position is discovered where they will bind against each
other tight enough to prevent the shaking of the sashes as well as keeping out the
wind in lieu of the mushroom headed screw a short stiff curved spring may be
fixed or screwed on the sash frame.
9.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
HAROLD SMITH of Pinley House, near Coventry, Gentleman, I do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVED MEANS FOR PREVENTING THE
RATTLING OF WINDOW SASHES, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
A metal Knuckle, which I call a "Mute" marked B & C in the illustration is
A round headed
securely fixed to the bead of the Window frame as shewn at F.
When the Window is
screw D. is screwed into the Window sash, as shewn at C.
closed the head of the screw slightly presses against the Knuckle or Mute, and
prevents the Sashes from shaking. By turning the screw either in or out the exact
pressure can be obtained.
Having now particularly described, and accertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Firstley. Fixing on the sash frame of the Window a round headed screw in such
a position that it shall press against a metal Knuckle when the Window is closed.
Secondly. Fixing on the bead of the Window frame a metal Knuckle, which
shall press against the head of a round headed screw when the Window is closed.
DAVID SMITH,
Agent for Harold Smith.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STABLE FITTINGS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We ARTHUR PYE-SMITH OWEN WILLMER WHITE RUSSEL ELLIOT, all of the
St Pancras Iron Works, Pancras Road in the County of Middlesex Engineers and
iron founders do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN STABLE FITTINGS to be as follows:-
An improved method of fastening the posts or columns in a stable to the
divisions, ramps, rails gratings or cills for the purpose of forming stalls or loose
boxes. In place of the socket cast on the post described in the Patent No 1273 of
1876 granted to us, we use a smaller and loose ring or collar of iron, brass or other
suitable material fitting closely to the rail of the division and attached to it by
means of a screw through a projection or lug, and to the post by means of two or
more screws.
ARTHUR PYE-SMITH.
O. WILLMER WHITE
RUSSEL ELLIOT.

page_text: We ARTHUR PYE-SMITH, OWEN WILLMER WHITE and RUSSEL ELLIOT, all of the
St. Pancras Iron Works Pancras Road in the county of Middlesex, engineers and
ironfounders do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
STABLE FITTINGS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
An improvement in the method of fastening the posts or columns in a stable to
the divisions, ramps rails gratings or ċills for the purpose of forming sta ls or
loose boxes effected by using in place of the socket cast on the post or column
described in the patent N° 1273 of 1876 granted to us a ring or collar of iron,
brass or other suitable material made smaller than the socket and loose but fitting
closely to the rail of the division and attached to it by means of a screw or screws
or bolts through a projection on the ring and fitting also closely to the post or
column and attached to it by means of screws or bolts.
The drawings attached to the Provisional Specification show the manner in which
this is done, but the shapes of the rings or collars may be varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed We declare that what
we claim is
The manner of fastening stable posts or columns to the divisions by means of
loose rings or collars as described.
'
Improvements in Paints or Compositions for Coating Ships' Bottoms and other Submerged Surfaces to Prevent Fouling and for Preserving Iron and Wood and other Matter from the Effect of Exposure to Salt Water, Damp, or Atmospheric.
Year: 1884

page_text: Improvements in Paints or Compositions for Coating Ships'
Bottoms and other Submerged Surfaces to Prevent Fouling
and for Preserving Iron and Wood and other Matter from
the Effect of Exposure to Salt Water, Damp, or Atmospheric..
Influences.
We the undersigned GEORGE JAMES ANDREWS of No 32 Frankfort Terrace
Harrow Road in the County of Middlesex Chemist and JOHN EDMOND SUTTON of
No 1 Shenley Road Peckham Road in the County of Surrey Gentleman do hereby
declare the nature of our Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINTS OR COMPOSITIONS
FOR COATING SHIPS BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES TO PREVENT
FOULING AND FOR PRESERVING IRON AND WOOD AND OTHER MATTER FROM THE
EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO SALT WATER, DAMP, OR ATMOSPHERIC INFLUENCES and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
We take raw linseed oil litharge and per chloride of mercury (corrosive sublimate)
in proportion of about one gallon of linseed oil two ounces of litharge and ninety
grains of the per chloride of mercury these we boil together at a gentle heat until
the salts are entirely dissolved to this prepared oil we then add of bitumen four
pounds best black pitch four pounds, a gentle heat is again applied until the whole
is dissolved and when cool three pounds of dry red lead is added and well stirred
together. To this amalgam we add spirit of turpentine or other equivalent spirit
in a sufficient quantity to form a good working paint the paint or composition thus
formed is applied in any ordinary way to ships bottoms or other surface to be
coated. We have stated the proportions of the ingredients which we have found
to yield the best results; but these proportions may be varied. In cases of applying
the composition to piles or any fixed submerged structure no turpentine or other
spirit is used the composition is simply heated until liquified and applied
whilst hot.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1st The improved antifouling and preservative composition containing linseed oil,
letharge, corrosive sublimate, bitumen, pitch & red lead prepared substantially as
.

page_text: 2nd The application of the composition. herein described for the preservation of
iron and wood and other matters from the effect of exposure to salt water damp or
atmospheric influences.
Signed by the said George James Andrews and John Edmond Sutton this
Twentieth day of March One thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
Witness,
C. S. GLASSHOROW,
1, Rose Villa, Leyton.
G. J. ANDREWS.
J. E. SUTTON.
A QUILTED MELTON SKIRT
Year: 1884

page_text: I DAVID BARKER of 59 Newton Street Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Skirt Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for A QUILTED
MELTON SKIRT and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
This improved skirt is made externally of a woven fabric known as "Melton
which is a cloth used for skirt making and other purposes, and consists usually of a
union of wool and cotton. It is also sometimes made of all wool.
The skirt has a back or interior lining of cotton cloth, and between this back or
interior lining and the melton cloth is placed a sheet or filling of cotton wadding.
The three materials being cut to the required form to make a skirt are then sewn
together in the manner known as quilting (or they may be cut to form. after
quilting) and the pieces of the quilted material are then stitched or sewn together
so as to make them up into the form of a skirt. This quilted "melton skirt" is
then bound round the bottom edge with worsted braid to protect the same from
wear.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is a skirt made of "melton cloth" with an interior lining of cotton cloth
and with a filling of wadding between the two, the whole being quilted and sewn
together so as to make a "quilted melton skirt" as herein before particularly
described & set forth.
GEORGE DAVIES,
Agent for the Applicant,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.
IMPROVEMENTS IN POTATO DIGGERS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, JOHN WALLACE, of the firm of John Wallace and Sons, Graham Square,
Glasgow, in the, County of Lanark, North Britain, Agricultural Implement Makers,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN POTATO
DIGGERS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My said Invention relates to potato diggers of the well known kind in which &
wheel or disk having blades or irons on its circumference is placed at right angles
to the carrying wheels of the implement and rotating on a longitudinal shaft acts
transversely on the drill and throws out the potatoes as the implement moves
along. With the digging wheels as ordinarily constructed the earth or soil
especially when in a moist condition is apt to adhere to and clog the wheel rim
and irons or blades and to interfere seriously with the action of the implement.
By my Invention I make the ring of the digging wheel of a zig-zag or serpentine
form, and I fix the irons or blades at the hollows or internal angles and alternately
at opposite sides, so that whilst the irons or blades are kept nearly in the same
line round the rim of the wheel, each one is on a different side from its neighbor,
and is not in front of the rim but at the side. With this construction the earth is
not gathered up nor made to adhere to an inconvenient extent as happens with
ordinary digging wheels.
My improved digging wheel is shown on the accompanying sheet of explanatory
drawings, figure, 1, being a face view, whilst figure, 2, is an edge view but only
showing the rim, R, and the irons or blades, B. The wheel is of castiron the
The rim, R, is of a zig-zag or
centre, C, and spokes, S, being of the usual form.
serpentine form as seen in edge view in figure, 2, but the precise shape and angles
of its parts may be varied. Lateral brackets or projections, P; are formed at the
hollows or internal angles and alternately on opposite sides of the rim, and these
projections are made with holes or sockets to receive the shanks of the irons or
blades, B, which are secured by cotters or split pins passed through the shanks at
the inner sides of the projections.
Having thus particularly described the nature of my said Invention and

page_text: in what manner the same is to be performed I proceed to ascertain the distinctive
feature of novelty thereof by declaring that what I claim is :-
Making the rim of a potato digger wheel of a zig-zag or serpentine form with
the irons or blades fixed to lateral projections at the hollows or internal angles as
herein before described.
Tth Jase of Fahmin 1884
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUSERS AND DRAWERS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, JOHN CHARLES WESLEY MASTERMAN, of No 5 Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex, Anatomical Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUSERS AND DRAWERS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in trousers or drawers for the purpose
of dispensing with braces and other suspenders.
The improvements consist in inserting strips of elastic material about the waist
of the trousers or drawers, the size and position of such strips being proportioned
to the size and particular configuration of the wearer. In the majority of cases
three strips around the back part of the garinents will be sufficient to maintain
them in proper position without producing unpleasant pressure.
Dated this 8th day of October 1884.
HUGHES & SON,
5, Chancery Lane, W.C.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I JOHN CHARLES WESLEY MASTERMAN of N° 5 Chancery Lano in the County of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TROUSERS AND DRAWERS" to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :---
This Invention relates to improvements in trousers or drawers for the purpose
of dispensing with braces and other suspenders. The Improvements consist in
inserting strips of elastic material about the waist of the trousers or drawers, the
size and position of such strips being proportioned to the size and configuration of
the wearer.
The strips or gussets are inserted preferably about the hips and back
of the trousers so as to retain them in position without exerting any unpleasant
pressure on the foreparts of the body.
And in order, that my Invention may be more fully understood I hereto annex
a sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof.
The diagrams are intended to represent the back parts of trousers the letters a
on the dotted lines indicating the position of the hips. The gussets 6 are
composed of material similar to the elastic sides of boots, although I do not
confine myself to any particular material as sheet india-rubber or metal springs
of the spiral form may be used.
The number of gussets and the shape thereof as well as the place of insertion
may be varied according to the taste or configuration of the wearer. I have
shewn the arrangements which I have found most useful both when used
separately and in combination with the ordinary straps and buckles c but it is
- obvious that other forms and combinations may be used.
'
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it
understood that I claim
1st The use of elastic gussets b for the purpose of supporting trousers or
drawers substantially as herein shewn and described.
2nd The use of elastic gussets b in combination with the strap and buckle c
substantially in manner and for the purpose herein shewn and described.
1.. 100%
A NEW OR IMPROVED COUPLING FOR SHAFTING
Year: 1884

page_text: I, RICHARD CLERE PARSONS of Airedale Foundry Leeds in the county of York,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
COUPLING FOR SHAFTING" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement.
_ My invention relates to a construction and arrangement of coupling for
connecting two revolving shafts in such a manner as to allow for their being
somewhat out of line with each other, and for end play, as well as for variations
in relative speed. I will explain the coupling according to my invention in
reference to the accompanying drawings and to the figures and letters marked
thereon.
Fig. 1 is a section through the axis, fig. 2 is a section on the line Z Z of fig. 1,
and fig. 3 is an elevation of the coupling. A and B are parts of the two shafts
that are coupled. On each of them is keyed a coupling disc C and D. Between
the faces of these discs are placed two discs, one E shewn in front view at fig. 4,
which may be of wood with a metallic facing F in its middle, and another & of
metal shewn in front view at fig. 5. These discs E and G are centred on the ends
of the shafts A and B respectively, but are free to turn or slide longitudinally
thereon. The disc G is engaged with the coupling disc D by a number of driving
pins such as H entering freely holes in D and it is engaged with the coupling
dise C by a number of bolts K, each of which passes through a wide slot in E and
is provided with hemispherical washers L L and a spring M adjustable by nuts N.
By means of these nuts the springs M are in the first instance adjusted so that the
frictional contact of the surfaces Fand G is sufficient for transmitting the minimum
power that bas to be conveyed by the shafting, When greater power comes to be
transmitted, the one shaft, namely that which drives, for example A, overruns B,
so causing the bolts K to take an oblique attitude, as illustrated by fig. 2. The
springs M being thus further compressed, increase the friction of the faces F and G
sufficiently for transmission of the increased power.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is―
The construction and arrangement of a coupling for shafting substantially as
herein described.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF SUPPLYING WATER BRUSHES AND BROOMS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I GEORGE FREDERICK SHEATHI of 89 City Road in the County of Middlesex,
India Rubber and Gutta Percha Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF SUPPLYING WATER BRUSHES AND BROOMS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Self supplying water brushes and brooms as heretofore constructed have been
liable to the defect that the perforations in the stock or head of the brush or broom
frequently close from the swelling of the wood and the stock, or head frequently
becomes rotten by moisture absorbed into the wood from the interior thereof,
which in the case of a brush frequently results in the handle breaking off
therefrom.
Now according to my invention I prevent the holes in the stock or head from
closing by filling each with a small tube preferably of brass which is fixed in
position in any suitable manner whilst I prevent the rotting of the stock or head
and the tubular handle by coating the interior of such parts or by impregnating
the same with a waterproof varnish or other suitable material preferably using a
solution of india rubber.
In the accompanying drawings I have represented a longitudinal section of a
brush in which a is the head or stock; b the tubular handle and c the holes or
perforations in the head or stock a. These holes or perforations c are according to
iny invention filled with metal tubes preferably of brass tightly fitting such holes,
and burred or flanged over on the inuer ends thereof to secure the same firmly in
place. These tubes may however be fixed in position in any other convenient
manner.
I also according to my invention coat the interior of the head or stock and of
the handle, or I impregnate the same with any suitable waterproof varnish or
material to prevent the water passing through the brush or broom from soaking
into the bead or stock and handle thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First: Fixing in the holes or perforations of self supplying water brushes or
brooms, metal tubes substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.

page_text: Second Coating the interior of the head or stock and handle or impregnating
the same with waterproof varnish or material, substantially as herein described and
for the purpose stated.
G. F. SHEATH.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.
IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, THOMAS LOWE, of 104 Salisbury St., Old Radford, in the Parish of Radford,
in the County of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING INCRUSTATION IN
STEAM BOILERS to be as follows:-
=
My Invention relates to a composition for preventing and removing incrustations
and other deposits that form on the inside surface of all kinds of boilers, tubes
and other articles, used for heating water either for manufacturing or any other
purpose.
For this purpose I form a compound consisting of about 12 per cent. of caustic
scda, 8 per cent. of charcoal, 2 per cent. of Irish moss, 80 per cent. of malt combs
or dust or the refuse from dried malt, and water sufficient to make it of the proper
spissitude.

page_text: I, THOMAS LOWE, of 104 Salisbury Street, Old Radford, in the Parish of
Radford, in the County of Nottinghamshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention for AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING
INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention relates to a composition for preventing and removing incrustations
and other deposits that form on the inside surface of all kinds of boilers, tubes,
and other articles, used for heating water either for manufacturing or any other
purpose. For this purpose I form a compound consisting of about 12 per cent. of
caustic soda, 8 per cent. of charcoal, 2 per cent. of Irish moss, 80 per cent. of malt
combs or dust or the refuse from dried malt and water sufficient to make it of the
proper spissitude.
The ingredients charcoal, Irish moss, and malt combs or dust or the refuse from
dried malt, are mixed together in a suitable vessel, the caustic soda is dissolved in
boiling water and while hot is poured into the above mixture and the whole
About 14 lbs. of this composition
thoroughly incorporated, it is then fit for use.
introduced into a 50 horse-power boiler per week, will generally be found to answer,
but more or less may be used as result dictates.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is, First. The use of malt combs or dust or the refuse from dried malt as a
new ingredient in the manufacture of composition for preventing and removing
incrustation in steam boilers.
2
IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS AND MODE OF PROPULSION
Year: 1884

page_text: I GEORGE BROCKELBANK of 27 Beverley Road Anerley in the County of Surrey
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
VESSELS AND MODE OF PROPULSION to be as follows:-
The improvements in vessels and mode of propulsion consists in keeping the
hull or body of a vessel entirely out of the water suspended between air tight
cylindrical propellers or wheels with paddles or floats fixed on to their periphery.
The flotation of these air tight cylindrical propellers or wheels being sufficient
to keep the hull suspended free from the water there will be no resistance against
the progress of the vessel beyond the pressure of the air. The cylindrical
propellers when set in motion will then roll over the surface of the water as the
driving wheels of a Locomotive Engine propels the engine on the rails.

page_text: I GEORGE BROCKELBANK of 27 Beverley Road Anerley in the County of Surrey
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VESSELS, AND MODE OF PROPULSION" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention is intended for passenger vessels, or ships only.
It will be easily understood by reference to the accompanying drawing in which
Figures 1 & 2 are respectively side and end views thereof.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
According to my invention, the ship or vessel, a figs 1 & 2, rests entirely out of
the water, upon suitable axles or shafts between airtight cylindrical wheels or
propellers, b figs 1 & 2 furnished with paddles or floats, b¹ figs 1 & 2, each of said
axles or shafts connects two of said airtight cylindrical wheels, b figs 1 & 2, by
passing through the ship or vessel, and through the centre of each wheel. The
flotation of the airtight cylindrical wheels or propellers, b figs 1 & 2, being
sufficient to keep the ship or vessel free of the water, all resistance (except the
pressure of the air) to the progress of the ship or vessel is removed; and the
airtight cylindrical wheels, b figs 1 & 2, being set in motion by an ordinary Engine
or Engines with which the vessel is provided will roll on tho water.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1st The sustaining of a ship or vessel out of the water by the axles or shafts
hereinbefore described and
2nd The airtight cylindrical wheels or propellers hereinbefore described, said
axles or shafts and airtight cylindrical wheels or propellers being used substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawing.