Improvements in or applicable to Machinery for the Manufacture of Glass Bottles or other Hollow Glass-ware.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 20th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan.. 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Machinery for the Manufacture of
Glass Bottles or other Hollow Glass-ware.
We, DAN RYLANDS of Shepcote near Barnsley in the County of York, Glass Bottle
Manufacturer and BENJAMIN STONER of 1 Hope Street Stairfoot Barnsley in the
County of York, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows
According to our present invention we make a machine for bottle making having
an outer or blowing mould and an inner or pressing mould and having shoulders for
forming the exterior of the neck or mouth.
When fit together the complete mould, or any desired number of such moulds may
be mounted upon or fixed to suitable tables which tables may be circular, or semi-
circular or any other suitable shape and may revolve horizontally or be stationary as
shall be required. To the mould or moulds we attach suitable gearing for reversing
them bottoin upwards where narrow mouth bottles are required. Before however
reversing the mould we first insert a short solid plug of about half an inch long or a
little longer which plug is held in position by two small iron prongs or in some cases
by a screw. This short solid plug shapes the inside of the mouth of the hottle or jar
for about half an inch down. Where the mouth is required to be plain the short plug
is plain. Where the mouth is required with a female screw the plug has formed on
it a male screw. Any other required internal shape of mouth may be made by forming
this solid plug to produce such shape. In some cases the plug may be in two halves.
Immediately the molten glass has been poured through the reversed inner mould it
descends upon the plug and fills the space between the plug and the sides of neck
A bottom is then hinged
portion of mould thus forming top part of bottle mouth.
over or secured by lever on the inner mould. The moulds are then turned mouth
uppermost and the small solid or split plug removed. A suitably shaped plunger is
then brought down by means of a hand lever or of compressed air. The inner mould
is then withdrawn and the bottom of blowing mould pushed into position. After this
plunger has been withdrawn a blow pipe or blowing plug is introduced into the
mouth of bottle or jar and the boile blown up to the required shape.
In the manufacture of wide mouth bottles it may be preferable to keep the moulds
mouth upwards during the time the molten glass is being poured in. In this case the
inner mould is so arranged that the molten glass when poured in comes to about the
height that the mouth of the finished jar will be. The short plug is inserted
immediately the molten glass has been poured in. Then it is withdrawn and the
In order to secure the more perfect
plunging and blowing operation proceeded with.
blowing of machine made bottles we affix between the main air supply pipe and the
blowing plug a vessel made of tin or other suitable material which vessel will vary in
size according to the size of bottle required. An inlet tap is fixed on the one side of this
vessel and an outlet tap on the other side thereof. After the vessel is filled with air
the inlet tap is closed. Then when it is required to blow a bottle the outlet tap is
opened thus allowing the air in the vessel to partially blow the molten glass in the
blowing mould.
Soon after opening this outlet tap the operator also opens the inlet tap & thereby
brings the full pressure from the blowing pipe upon the partially blown bottle thereby
blowing it to its full size. The outlet tap is then shut and after this the inlet tap is
shut thus making ready for blowing the next bottle. By this arrangement the bottles
or jars are blown much more equally and shapely. Referring further to the question
of using a split plug we find the use of such plug desirable where it is required to form
an inside ledge or an inside annular groove in a bottle mouth. We form on each half

page_text: of such split plug a suitably shaped dog or bit for forming the ledge or groove and we
so arrange this split plug that pressure on the arms on underside thereof opens each
balf of the split plug and rotates the dogs thus forming the required groove or ledge.
We prefer to perform this operation either whilst the moulds are reversed or bottom
npwards or immediately they have been brought into vertical position.
Dated this 20th day of March 1890.
DAN RYLANDS,
Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Machinery for the Manufacture of
Glass Bottles or other Hollow Glass-ware.
We DAN RYLANDS of Shepcote near Barnsley in the County of York, Glass Bottle
Manufacturer, and BENJAMIN STONER of 1 Hope Street, Stairfoot, Barnsley aforesaid,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
According to our present invention we make a machine for bottle making having
an outer or blowing mould and an inner or pressing mould and having shoulders for
forming the exterior of the neck or mouth. When fit together the complete mould,
or any desired number of such moulds, may be mounted upon or fixed to suitable
tables which tables may be circular or semicircular or any other suitable shape, and
may revolve horizontally or be stationary, as shall be required. To the mould or
moulds we attach suitable gearing for reversing them bottom upwards where narrow
mouth bottles are required. Before however reversing the mould we first insert a
short solid plug of about half-an-inch long or a little longer, which plug is held in
position by two small iron prongs, or in some cases by a screw. This short solid plug
shapes the inside of the mouth of the bottle or jar for about half-an-inch down.
Where the mouth is required to be plain the short plug is plain. Where the mouth
is required with a female screw the plug has formed on it a male screw.
Any other
required internal shape of mouth may be made by forming this solid plug to produce
such shape. In some cases the plug may be in two halves. Immediately the molten
glass has been poured through the reversed inner mould it descends upon the plug
and fills the space between the plug and the sides of neck portion of mould, thus
forming top part of bottle mouth. A bottom is then hinged over or secured by lever
on the inner mould. The moulds are then turned mouth uppermost and the small
solid or split plug removed. A suitably shaped plunger is then brought down by
means of a hand lever or of compressed air. The inner mould is then withdrawn and
the lottom of blowing mould pushed into position. After this plunger has been
withdrawn a blowpipe or blowing plug is introduced into the mouth of bottle or jar
and the bottle or jar blown up to the required shape. In the manufacture of wide-
mouth bottles or jars it may be preferable to keep the moulds mouth upwards during
the time the molten glass is being poured in. In this case the inner mould is so
arranged that the molten glass when poured in comes to about the height that the
mouth of the finished bottle or jar will he. The short plug is inserted immediately
the molten glass has been poured in. Then it is withdrawn, and the plunging and
blowing operations proceeded with. In order to secure the more perfect blowing of
machine-made bottles we affix between the main-air supply pipe and the blowing plug
a vessel made of tin or other suitable material, which vessel will vary in size according
to the size of bottle required. An inlet tap is fixed on the one side of this vessel, and
an outlet tap on the other side thereof. After the vessel is filled with air the inlet tap
is closed. Then when it is required to blow a bottle the outlet tap is opened, thus
allowing the air in the vessel to partially blow the molten glass in the blowing mould.
Soon after opening this outlet tap the operator also opens the inlet tap and thereby
brings the full pressure from the blowing pipe upon the partially blown bottle or jar
thereby blowing it to its full size The outlet tap is then shut and after this the

page_text: nlet tap is shut, thus making ready for blowing the next bottle. By this arrange-
ment the bottles or jars are blown much more equally and shapely.
Referring further to the question of using a split plug, wo find the use of such
plug desirable where it is required to form an inside ledge or an inside annular
groove or grooves or inclines in a bottle mouth. We form on each half of such
split plug a suitably shaped dog or bit for forming the ledge or groove or incline,
and we so arrange this split plug that the dogs forming the ledge or groove or
incline are made to work in and out of position either by means of a revolving
hand wheel or by other suitable means. The groove, or ledge or incline is formed
soon after the molten glass is tirst laded into the inner or pressing mould.
In order that our invention may be fully understood we annex four sheets of
drawings, of which the following is a description
Fig. 1 (Sheet 1) is an outside side view of the machine made according to our
invention.
Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) is an outside front view of the same machine.
Fig. 3 (Sheet 3) is a sectional plan also of our improved machine.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 (Sheet 4) are enlarged sections of inner and outer moulds and of
plug and pressing plunger.
Figs. 7 and 8 (Sheet 4) shew the manner of applying the dogs or projections for
forming the annular grooves in the bottle mouth.
Figs. 9 and 1 (Sheet 4) are cross sections through the end of pressing plunger
showing how the dogs are actuated.
The same letters of reference apply to similar parts throughout the several
drawings.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A is a pillar or stand of suitable shape, and fixed to
this pillar (or revolving round it as may be found most advantageous) we form two
or more tables of disc shape, or composed of bars as desired. One of these tables B
stationary, the other table B being movable. On the outer edge or surface of
the table we affix one or more inner moulds E as may be desired. These moulds
are so constructed that they may be placed in any required position either vertically
or horizontally, and are so arranged that they can be reversed automatically by means
of friction rollers G or other approved or mechanical means. When the moulds E
are in position for filling they are bottom upwards, and the nech or mouth end is
closed by a plug or nipple H (Fig. 4). This plug is made of a suitable length
and is used to form the internal shape of the bottle mouth. Therefore where an
internal screw mouth bottle is required the plug or nipple H is the shape of a male
screw; and where the mouth is plain or otherwise the plug or nipple H is accordingly
adapted to the shape and size of bottle mouth required. As soon as necessary after
the mouth of bottle has been formed this plug or nipple H can be withdrawn by means
of the hand wheel O actuating the screw Z (Fig. 4), or by any other suitable means,
thus allowing the plug or nipple H to be in contact with the molten glass no longer
than is required.
When the molten glass has been poured into the reversed inner
mould E the molten glass descends upon the plug or nipple H, and fills the space
between the plug H and the neck portion of the blowing mould D thus forming the
external and internal shape of the bottle mouth at the same time, as shown at Figs. 1
and 4. A bottom J is then hinged over, or secured by suitable means to the inner or
pressing mould E. The movable portion 13 of table then travels towards the pressing
and blowing apparatus K (Fig. 1), and while so revolving or travelling the friction
rollers G cause the moulds just filled with molten metal to assume a reversed position.
On arriving at the pressing or blowing point K, the pressing plunger L is forced
through the plug H into the molten glass by means of the hand lever M, or by means
of compressed air, or by other suitable means. When the plunger L has been with-
drawn the inner mould E is also removed, and a suitable movable bottom N is inserted
in position. A current of air is then passed either through or down the sides of the
plug and plunger L, and the bottle blown to the full size and shape. The plug H is
then withdrawn by means of hand wheel and screw Z, and the blowing mould D

page_text: (which is in halves) opened, thus leaving the bottle standing on the movable bottom N
ready for removal as shown at Fig. 2.
In order to ensure the more perfect and equal blowing of machine-made bottles,
wo affix between the main air-supply pipe P and the plunger L, a vessel or cistern R
as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This cistern R is made of any suitable material, shape,
and size. An inlet tap S is fixed on one side of this air cistern R. and an outlet
tap T on the other side thereof. After the vessel R is filed with compressed air the
inlet tap S is closed, and when it is required to blow a bottle the outlet tap T is
opened thus allowing the air in cistern R to partially blow the bottle or article which
is being made. After this the inlet tap S is also opened thus allowing the full and
uninterrupted pressure of air to blow out the already partially blown botile to its full
size and shape. The outlet tap T is then closed, and immediately after the inlet tap S
is also closed, thus making ready for blowing the next bottle. The opening and
closing of inlet tap S and outlet tap T can be actuated by one handle or lever U. By
this arrangement the bottles can be blown much more equally and shapely.
Where it is required to make a bottle having an annular groove around the inside
of the bottle mouth, we form the said annular groove by means of two or more pro-
jections or dogs V as shown at Figs. 7. 8, 9 and 10. The dogs V are made to work
in and out of position in plug H by revolving hand wheel O, or other suitable means.
This annular groove is formed soon after the molten glass is first laded into the inner
or pressing mould E.
The plug H and the plunger L'can he made in one or more parts, and it will be
seen that the pressing plunger is shewn in two lengths L and L. The portion L
which enters the molten glass travels with and is attached to the bracket or plate W.
This bracket or plate W also carries the moulds complete, and is connected with the
friction rollers G (or geared pinion and rack as may be found most desirable). This
bracket W is secured in any position by means of ratchet wheel and catch X which
are released while the bracket W revolves by means of the plough or projection Y on
edge of the fixed table B. Suitable gearing for driving the tables and working the
machine automatically is also arranged, preferably as shewn.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged section sliowing inner mould E and outer mould D bottom
upwards for receiving the molten metal, and having the plug H in position for
forming the bottle mouth.
In Fig. 5 the moulds are reversed along with the plug H, plunger L, and wheel O;
the bottom Jis attached to inner mould E, and the plunger L shown when forced
into the molten glass.
In Fig. 6 the plunger I and inner mould E is withdrawn, and the outer mould
shown with bottom N and blowing apparatus in position and also showing the bottle
blown out to its full size.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. In a machine for the manufacture of glass bottles or other glassware, the com-
bination of a fixed or revolving table, having on the outer edge one or more brackets
or plates carrying an outer and inner mould and capable of being reversed in the
manner shewn or described herein.
2. The combination with a bottle-making machine where the moulds are worked in
a vertical position, of a special mechanical device or arrangement for the purpose of
forming the bottle mouths with internal screw threads, with annular groove or
grooves, with inclines, or of taper shape in the inside.
3. In combination with a bottle-making machine the use of an intermediate air
vessel having taps and levers substantially as shewn and described for the purpose of
blowing the bottles more equally and shapely.
4. A bottle-making machine having a screw shape split movable plug which is fixed
in the mouth end of bottle blowing mould before the molten glass is poured into the

page_text: 5
pressing or inner mould such plug being capable of forming any special internal
shape or configuration of bottle mouth while the moulds are either in an inverted or
in an upright position, the said plug being secured to mould and operated by any
suitable mechanical means.
Dated this 15th day of Documber 1890
DAN RYLANDS.
BENJAMIN STONER.