IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARN OR THREADS ON THE PIN BOBBINS OR SPOOLS USED IN SMALLWARE AND RIBBON LOOMS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Smith, of 24, Higher Chatham Street,
Chorlton-upon-Medlock, Machinist, and John Barnouin Rowcliffe, of
Ducie Works, Manchester, both of the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARN OR THREADS
ON THE PIN BOBBINS OR SPOOLS USED IN SMALLWARE AND RIBBON LOOMS."
Sealed the 16th April 1862, and dated the 17th October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Smith and John
Barnouin Rowcliffe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 17th October 1861.
We, ROBERT SMITH, of 24, Higher Chatham Street, Chorlton-upon-Medlock,
Machinist, and JOHN BARNOUIN ROWCLIFFE, of Ducie Works, Manchester,
both of the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARN OR THREADS ON
THE PIN BOBBINS OR SPOOLS USED IN SMALLWARE AND RIBBON LOOмs," to be as
follows:-
In so constructing pin winding machines that any required number of
threads may be wound together, and with an even tension on each pin bobbin,
also when either of the pin bobbins is full, that the same will be disconnected
from the driving power, and. cease to take up any more thread or threads
without affecting the remaining pin bobbins that are not filled. In connection

page_text: with each pin bobbin is a stopping apparatus which disconnects the pin bobbin
with its driving power, when either or any of the threads being wound thereon
break or run out, thus preventing its further action till the breakage is made
good or more thread supplied. The length of traverse given to the guide
which directs the threads on to the pin bobbins is gradually shortened as the
pin bobbin fills, that the ends of the same may be tapered, which not only
prevents the threads overlapping, but also enables us to dispense with flanges
to the pin bobbins.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Smith and John Barnouin Rowcliffe in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 17th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
SMITH, of 24, Higher Chatham Street, Chorlton-upon-Medlock, Machinist,
and JOHN BARNOUIN ROWCLIFFE, of Ducie Works, Manchester, both of the
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Robert Smith and John Barnouin Rowcliffe, Her special licence that
we, the said Robert Smith and John Barnouin Rowcliffe, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert Smith and John
Barnouin Rowcliffe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARN OR THREADS ON THE PIN BOBBINS OR
SPOOLS USED IN SMALLWARE AND RIBBON LOOMS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Robert Smith and John Barnouin Rowcliffe, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Smith and John Barnouin
Rowcliffe, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
In so constructing pin winding machines that any required number of
threads may be wound together and with an even tension on each pin bobbin,
also when either or any of the pin bobbins is full, that the same will be
disconnected from the driving power, and cease to take up any more thread or
threads without affecting the remaining pin bobbins that are not sufficiently
filled. In connection with each pin bobbin is a stopping apparatus which
disconnects the pin bobbin with its driving power, when either or any of the
threads thereon break or run out, thus preventing its further action till the
breakage is made good or more thread supplied. The length of traverse
given to the guides which direct the threads on to the pin bobbins is gradually
shortened as the pin bobbin fills, that the ends of the same may be tapered,
which not only prevents the threads overlapping, but also enables us to
dispense with flanges to the pin bobbins.
And that the Invention may be fully understood we will proceed to describe
the Drawings hereunto annexed and forming part of this Specification.
The rotation
Sheet I. represents a cross section of a machine constructed according to our
Invention; Sheet 2 represents a plan of portion of a machine; Sheet 3 re-
presents details of various parts. In each of the above Figs., with the
exception of Figs. 1 & 2, Sheet 3, the same letters of reference indicate like
parts. The Drawings represent only the action and working of one pin
bobbin, but we do not confine ourselves to that, as any number may be
combined in the same machine and placed side by side in any suitable manner.
The yarns or threads are wound upon the pin bobbin or spool A, which rotates
on its spindle in a swing frame B, motion being imparted from the constantly
revolving shaft E by means of the wheel and pinion D and C.
of the pin A may be arrested by lifting the swing frame, turning
as the pinion C is by this movement lifted out of gear with D. G, G, G, are
the threads taken from the bobbins L, L, that are to be wound together on the
pin A, and they pass in their course from the bobbing L to pin A through
the eyes, and support the ends of detective levers M, M, M, which turn
loosely on the fixed centre N; the lever O turns on the fixed axis a, and the
end O¹ being a little heavier than the other it rests against the frame Q, when
the detective levers are supported by the threads; the rod traverses equal
distances in alternate directions, and carries the rack S, which communicates
notion to the quadraut T, which is fixed upon the stud working in the loose
on its axis F,

page_text: socket W; to the same stud is fixed an arm X carrying the guide Y, which
vibrates on the pin Z, the other extremity being held steady by and moving in
a slot in the fixing b. The threads G, G, pass through the eye c fixed to the
guide Y. The lever d swings loosely on the stud e, the top arm rests against
A as it revolves, and the bottom arm presses against the guide Y at d', the
guide being held in contact by the cord and weight f, f', the cord passes over
the pulley f, and is attached to the guide at f³. One end of a spring g is
fast to the fixing h, and the other works in a slot in the starting lever k; when
C and D are in gear the lever k is pressed backwards to allow the swing fixing
B to be lowered, as shewn in the Drawing. Upon the lever k is a projection l.
The lever m turns upon the stud n, and projects over the end 0% of the
detective lever O. At the under side of the lever m is a projection p, which,
when the starting lever is in the position shewn in the Drawings, holds back
the lever by pressing against 1, and allows the weight of the fixing B to hold
the pinion C in gear with the wheel D. At the end of the lever d is an
adjusting screw d", which comes immediately under the lever m, and is for the
purposes of regulating the diameter of the pin to the size required.
We will now proceed to describe the action of the various parts when the
machine is working.
The attendant first puts on to the spindle the empty pin bobbin or spool A,
which is so secured in its position by the small latch q; he then presses back
the lever k, which allows the swing fixing B to move upon its centre F, and
put C and D into gear; the same movement of the lever k allows the pro-
jection p to lock, itself with the setting on lever at l. The attendant then
takes the ends of the threads (seeing that each passes through its proper
detective lever), and makes them fast to the pin A, which begins immediately
to wind on the threads, and the threads will now sustain the detective levers
M, M, M, and unless a breakage of any thread occurs or one of the bobbins L
runs empty, they will be wound on the pin until it is filled, the weight of the
detective levers giving a proper and equal tension to each thread, so that all
will be wound on equally.
It will be seen by the Drawing that before passing through the guide c, the
threads pass round a small upright roller r; the pin as it enlarges in diameter
presses back the upper arm of the lever d, which turns on its centre c, and
raises its lower part, and when the pin is the required size the adjusting
screw d² comes in contact with the lever m, raises it until the projection p is
clear of 1, on the starting or setting on lever k, and so allows the spring g to
force le forward; this movement of the lever klifts the swing fixing B by
means of the shoulder piece ', and lifts out of gear the pinion C, and so stops

page_text: the pin from winding on any more thread. It will be readily seen that the'
screw d' may be adjusted to arrest the motion of the pin A sooner or later,
according to the amount of thread or yarn that is required to be wound
thereon. The rotation of the pin is immediately stopped by disconnecting it
from its driving power when any of the threads break, or when any of the
bobbins L are emptied; this is effected in the following manner :-The threads
pass over the rods s' and s2, and through the eyes M of the detective levers
M, M, and the threads having a slight tension on them support the detective
levers M in the position shewn in the Drawing; it will be seen that if any
thread should break or any bobbin becomes empty, the detective lever sup-
ported by that thread would fall on to the lever O, the additional weight of M
makes this side of the lever the heaviest, and turns it upon its centre a, thus
raising the opposite end 02 until it comes in contact with the lever m, which it
lifts, and stops the pin from winding on any more thread in the manner
herein-before described; the attendant can now repair the breakage or replace
the empty bobbin, and restart the pin by pressing back the setting on
lever k.
Having thus shewn how the pin is stopped when full, and also when a
breakage occurs, or any of the threads run out, we will now slew how the
traverse is given to the guides which direct the threads on to the pin bobbin,
and how the length of traverse is gradually shortened as the pin bobbin fills.
Referring to Sheet 3, the wheel t on constantly running shaft drives through
the gearing t¹, t, t, t, and to, the upright shaft u; on the extremity of the shaft
is fixed a small pinion v, working into a mangle wheel w, and excentric to the
centre of mangle wheel is a pinion æ in gear with the quadrant lever y; this
lever osscilates upon the stud y', and its upper arm gives the alternate motion
to the traversing rod R (see also Sheet I.), to which it is attached by suitable
fixings and, as shewn in the Drawing; the traverse rod extends the whole
length of any number of spindles that may be required to work, and always
moves through the same space; on this rod R, opposite to each spindle, is
fastened a rack S (see Sheets I. and 2), which works into the quadrant T fixed
on the stud working in loose socket W; to this stud is also fixed the projecting.
arm X carrying the guide Y, as before described; it will therefore be seen that
as the pin bobbin fills and the lever d (the lower end of which is the curved
shape shewn more plainly in Sheet 2) moves upon its centre e, the lower part
presses against the guide y at d' (both being kept against each other by the pull
of cord and weight, as herein-before explained), and throws its upper end where
the thread is passing through, nearer to the centre of the quadrant stud W,
and so gradually shortens its traverse, and forms the bobbin A in the shape

page_text: shewn in the Drawing, any degree of taper may be obtained by shortening or
lengthening the lower arm of lever d.
When winding silk or any other fibrous substances that might be injured
by the friction of the lever pressing the pin bobbin as it fills, we adopt the
plan shewn in Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 3. The traverse rod n constantly works
in alternate directions; to this rod is attached the small stud a, and turning
loosely upon this stud is the ratchet 6. The ratchet wheel c is fixed to the
short shaft d, one part of which forms a screw e, working into a nut; the
projecting barf on this nut comes in contact with the lever s when it is drawn
forwards; on the lower side of this nut is a projection g, moving in a slot in
the fixing h; this projection 9 prevents the nut from turning round with the
screw, and so causes it to be drawn along when a rotatory movement is given
to the shaft d. K is a small weight with its cord coiled round the small fast
pulley; p is a curved arm springing from the stopping lever; is a ratchet
with its point so formed as to permit the ratchet wheel c to rotate only in one
direction.
We will now shew how this arrangement stops the pin bobbin when
sufficiently filled. We will suppose the attendant has held the ratchets band r
out of gear with c, and so allowed the weight k to act upon the shaft d, and so
screw back the nut so that the lever is in the proper position to commence to
fill the pin bobbin; it will be seen that each time the traverse rod moves in the
direction shewn by the arrow that the ratchet will cause the ratchet wheel c
to turn the shaft d, and the ratchet r will prevent any backward motion when
the traverse rod makes its return movement; by thus causing the shaft d to
rotate, the nut is gradually drawn onward and presses forward the lever s
until it raises the lever m, and causes it to stop the pin bobbin, as before
described in Sheet I. The attendant has now only to hold the ratchets out of
gear with the ratchet wheel, when the weight k, acting on the shaft d, will
screw back the nut, and so be ready to fill another pin bobbin.
The way the ratchet is made to cease its action upon the ratchet wheel
when any breakage of thread or threads occur, or when any of the bobbins
that are being wound from run empty, is as follows:-When any of the detective
wires (see Sheet I.) fall upon the lever O, the curved arm p will fall into the
position shewn at a, it will be seen that when the traverse rod moves in the
direction shewn by the arrow that this arm will strike the ratchet b, causing it
to move upon its centre, and fall over, resting upon the part y; this so raises
its point that it will pass over the ratchet wheel without touching it, and no
motion will be given to the shaft & until such breakage is made good or the
empty bobbin replaced; when this is done, the detective wires being supported

page_text: by the thread, the lever will resume its first position, and the ratchet will
rotate the wheel as before.
What we claim is, the general construction and combination of mechanical
parts for winding one or more threads on the pin bobbins used in small ware
and ribbon looms, that is, all such pin bobbins as rotate when in the shuttle,
the rotation being caused by the thread or threads as they are drawn off or
unwound from the pin bobbins when weaving, substantially in the manner
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Smith and John Barnouin
Rowcliffe, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First day of
April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
two
5 Witness,
JOSEPH JACKSON.
(L.S.) ROBERT SMITH.
(L.S.) JOHN B. ROWCLIFFE.