Improvements in Steam Drying Cylinders, in part applicable to other Thin Metallic Cylinders.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 15th July, 1893-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1893
Improvements in Steam Drying Cylinders, in part applicable to
other Thin Metallic Cylinders.
1, JOHN WILLIAM GUDGEON, of Oak Terrace, Clayton Bridge, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the details of steam drying cylinders and it is in part
applicable to other thin metallic cylinders.
One object of the invention is to provide means of rapidly securing in position
the end covers of such cylinders without solder and in a perfectly firm and steam
tight manner.
Another object of the invention is to provide improved construction and
appliances for training the water of condensation from such cylinders.
In carrying the first part of my invention into effect I turn the interior of the
cast iron end cover of a steam drying cylinder to fit over the outside body of
the cylinder. I also turn the exterior surface of a cast iron ring to fit the interior
of the cylinder and cut the said ring to form a spring or split ring such as is
used in steam pistons. I insert the splitting within the end of the cylinder and
slip the end cover over the outside. I then screw up a wedge or taper bolt which
fits in suitable slots or recesses formed on the split ring and passes through the end
cover. The wedge bolt expands the split ring an causes it to press out the thin
metal of the cylinder against the turned interior of the end cover. The metal of
the cylinder is thus firmly gripped between two turned surfaces respectively the
interior ring surface of the end cover and the exterior surface of the split ring.
I prefer to expand the mouth of the cylinder slightly and form the inner split
ring with a tapered surface and the outer or end cover ring with a corresponding
tapered surface so that the expanded or coned end of the thin metal cylinder is
firmly gripped between two correspondingly coned turned surfaces.
arrangement gives a firmer end grip than is obtained with a plain parallel
ended cylinder.
The taper bolt is preferably serewed up by an external nut.
This
When a firmer grip is desired than is given by a split ring with one split or
cut, and one taper bolt, I construct my ring in segments, that is, with two or more
splits and two or more taper or cotter bolts to screw up and expand the ring. I
find the single split and bolt arrangement quite sufficient up to a pressure of
12lbs. per square inch, and the multiple split or bolt arrangement is only required
when this pressure is exceeded.
By these arrangements I fasten the end covers rapidly and securely in a
steam tight manner without the use of solder and at the same time allow for
rapid and easy removal. The segments or splits may be half checked into each
other.
In carrying the second part of my invention into effect I preferably arrange the
buckets for draining the cylinder in one casting and secure the said casting to
the end covers by bolts or set screws. The buckets are carried close to the
interior cylinder surface and the water is allowed to enter by side perforations.
The water passes from the buckets by suitable discharge pipes which are arranged
to deliver out of centre of the trunnions so that there is no risk of the water
draining back into the cylinder.

page_text: The buckets are plain cast metal scoops and by my invention very gre
durability is secured.
Dated this 18th day of March 1893.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Drying Cylinders, in part applicable to
other Thin Metallic Cylinders.
1, Joux WILLIAM GUDGEON, of Oak Terrace, Clayton Bridge, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to the details of steam drying cylinders and it is in part
applicable to other thin metallic cylinders,
One object of the invention is to provide means of rapidly securing in position
the end covers of such cylinders without solder and in a perfectly firm and steam
tight manner.
Another object of the invention is to provide improved construction and
appliances for draining the water of condensation from such cylinders.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings-
Figure 1 is a section through the end of a cylinder showing my invention applied
to a cylinder.
Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line a 4 Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a section showing detail of ring and wedge bolt connection.
Figure is a section of the expanding ring.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a separate draining bucket.
Figure 6 is a section on the linee Figure 5.
In carrying the first part of my invention into effect. I turn the interior of the
cast iron end cover B of a steam drying cylinder to fit over the outside body A of
the said cylinder. I also turn the exterior surface of a cast iron ring (Figure 2
to fit the interior of the cylinder A and I cut the said ring Cat 11 to form a
spring or split ring such as is used in steam pistons. I insert the split ring within
the end of the cylinder A and slip the en cover B over the outside.
then screw
up by the nut a wedge or taper bolt L Figure 3 which fits in suitable slots or
recesses as [| Figure 2 formed in the split ring ( and passes through the end
cover B. The wedge bolt L expands the split ring and causes it to press out
the thin metal of the cylinder A against the turned interior of the end cover B.
prefer to arrange a firm back stay or support K K (Figure 2) east on the end cover B
to hold up the wedge bolt L, and taper the said welge bolt in both directions
so that the ring C is forced apart at the splits H and the surface at the splits is
also forced directly outwards. The supports or stays K K hold up the bolt L to
allow it to act in this manner. The metal of the cylinder A is thus firmly gripped
between two turned surfaces respectively the interior ring surface of the end
cover B and the interior surface of the split ring C.
1 prefer to expand the mouth of the cylinder A slightly and form the inner split
ring C with a tapered surface and the outer or end cover ring with a corresponding
tapered surface so that the expanded or coned end of the thin metal cylinder A is
firmly gripped between two correspondingly coned turned surfaces as shown at
Figure 1. This arrangement gives a firmer end grip than is obtained with a plain
parallel ended cylinder.
The taper bolt is preferably screwed up by an external nut as ..
One or more splits with one or more taper holts may be used; in the drawings
two taper bolts are shown at Figure 2.

page_text: When a firmer grip is desired than is given by a split ring with one split or cut,
and one taper bolt, I construct my ring in segments, that is, with two or more
splits and two or more taper or cotter bolts to screw up and expand the ring.
Figure 4 shows the section of split ring preferred by me.
I find the single split and bolt arrangement quite sufficient up to a pressure
of 12 lbs. per square inch and the multiple split or bolt arrangement is only required
when this pressure is exceeded.
By these arrangements I fasten the end covers rapidly and securely in a steam
tight manner without the use of solder, and at the same time allow for rapid and
easy renewal.
The segments or splits may be half checked into each other as shown at Figure 3
of the drawings.
In carrying the second part of my invention into effect 1 preferably arrange the
buckets for draining the cylinder in one ca ting, hown at Figure 5 and 6, and
secure the said casting to the end covers by bolts or set screws. The buckets D are
carried close to the interior cylinder surface and the water is allowed to enter by
side perforations D'. The water passes from the buckets by suitable discharge
pipes as F which are arranged to deliver out of centre of the trunnions E so that
there is no risk of the water draining back into the cylinder.
The buckets are plain cast metal scoops as shown, and by my invention very
great durability is secured.
To secure that the delivery of water from each bucket is out of centre, I cause
the pipes F to terminate in the trumpet shaped discharges F' and the water thus
flows out at the centre aperture E' of the trunnion E. The water is forced by the
peculiar configuration of the discharge ends. Fl to flow out of the trunnions and
cannot return into the buckets again.
In one modification I cast the buckets D in one with the ring C as shown at
Figures 1 and 2, and in another modification I cast the buckets D with the pipe
connection and water dischargers F in one piece and bolt on the end cover B.
Úr is a removable cover to cover the buckets or bucket passages.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. In steam drying cylinders, connecting the end covers to the cylinder body, by
means of a split ring expanded by one or more wedge bolts, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
2. In steam drying cylinders, the arrangement of separate cast buckets with
drain pipes or passages discharging into the interior of the trunnion at a position not
in the centre, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 5
and 6 of the drawings.
3. In steam drying cylinders, the combined bucket and expanding split ring
hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Dated this but day of Lul, 1902
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.