An Improved Mode of Treating Night Soil.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 29th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 19th June, 1897
ONA
Ե
An Improved Mode of Treating Night Soil.
J, JABEZ ROYSTON, of 5, Cottingham Street, Attercliffe, Sheffield, in the
County of York, Brass Cleaner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
Instead of collecting the soil and urine together, I propose a spout of ahout
4 inches wide, to run underneath the front of the closet seat to receive the urine,
and convey it into the drain, the soil falling into a bucket underneath, well greased
inside, to allow the soil to leave the bucket easily, when required.
For the further treatment of it when collected in the way suggested, I propose to
use a conical shaped chimney, similar to a malthouse, glasshouse, potters, or steel
converters chimney, crossed inside with strong girders, so that several floors may be
laid at various distances, with a lift up the centre to the various floors where the
soil can be dried, and preserved until required, after passing through the stage of
preparation.
The soil when collected I propose to be treated on the ground floor of the
chimney, the treatment consists of heating the soil in the bucket to a certain
point, to sterilise it, and then mix it with vegetable household waste, dried, and
crushed, for the purpose, when crushing is required, such as tea leaves, potato
peelings, cabbage leaves, rhubarb leaves, or fine ashes pea shells, &c. such things
as many people put in the middens where they ferment, and rot, causing almost as
much nuisance as the night soil itself, besides, there is the vegetable waste from the
markets, that could be used for the purpose after drying, and crushing.
When beated, and mixed, the bucket could be emptied of its contents into a
mould, corresponding to the form of the bucket; and after submitting it to a certain
amount of pressure, passed to the upper floor of the chimney to cool, before turning
out of the mould.
In heating, and mixing, I would pass the stench through the fire that is used for
the purpose, so that it should create as little nuisance as possible.
The same precautions can be taken by placing a fire in the narrow part of
chimney, to purify the gases as they pass out of the chimney.
Perhaps there may be less objectionable ways of mixing, and preparing, it, but
if it is to be preserved for any length of time it must be sterilized, and when dried
will be useful for top dressing, when crushed for the purpose.
Dated this 20th day of July 1896.
JABEZ ROYSTON.
An Improved Mode of Treating Night Soil.
I, JABEZ ROYSTON of 5 Cottingham Street, Attercliffe, Sheffield, in the
County of York, Brass Cleaner do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the treatment of night soil, and consists in an improved

page_text: method of treatment, and devices for use therein. I propose to collect the night.
soil apart from the urine by placing a spout immediately underneath the closet sent,.
arranging it in such manner as to receive the urine and conduct it into the drains,.
the solid matter falling into a receptacle placed underneath to receive it. The
receptacle or bucket should be well greased inside for the purpose of preventing the
soil adhering to its interior when the bucket is emptied. For the further
treatment of it when collected I propose to use a conical shaped chimney, similar
to a inalt house, glass house, potters or steel converters chimney, and having
a number of strong girders or the like crossing inside it, so that several floors may
be laid upon these at various distances. A lift is arranged to work up the centre
to the various floors, upon which floors the soil can be dried, and preserved until
required after passing through the process of preparation. The process of mixing
is to be carried out on the ground floor of the chimney, and this part of the method
consists of heating the soil in the bucket to a certain point for the purpose of
sterilizing it and then mixing it with vegetable household waste, dried, for the
purpose, and crushed when crushing is required. Various substances may be used
such as tea leaves, potato parings, cabbage or rhubarb leaves, pea shells or fine
ashes. These waste substances are generally thrown into the middens where they
ferment and cause almost as much nuisance as the night soil itself. Vegetable
waste from markets could be used for the purpose after drying and crushing.
When heated and mixed, the bucket can be emptied of its contents into a mould
corresponding to the form of the bucket, and after submitting it to a certain
amount of pressure it can be lifted to the upper floor of the chinney for the purpose
of cooling before turning out the mould.
The advantages of a conically built chimney are as follows:-Greater control of
the foul and objectionable gases arising from the treatment of such substances
are obtained by reason of the small opening at the top; a fire place may be
constructed or a fire suspended in the smaller part so that all offensive gases may
pass through the fire and be rendered harmless by dessication and de.derization.
In the heating of the bucket and its contents I take the same precautions; a
cover for each bucket being provided which is used during the process of heating
and mixing, the cover to he made with a hole in the centre sufficiently large to
enable the operator to mix the substances together with a light bar of iron or
steel. On each side of the circular opening of the cover, two bent tubes of about
two inches in diameter are fixed in the cover to correspond with and fit into two
other tubes which when fixed serve to convey the foul gas arising from the mixture
to the bottom of the grate underneath the fire, so that the fire would be supplied
with air through that opening in the cover through which the mixing is done.
The fire grate used for the purpose need not be a large one but of sufficient size
for the bucket to fit in and hold it steady while the mixing is going on, a small fire
would suffice for the purpose.
If required to be preserved for any length of time it must be sterilized, and then
when dried and pulverized will be useful for top dressing and the like.
The separation of the urine from the solid tatter has been before attempted,
but it presents advantages in working, because there is less moisture to deal with
and of course less weight; in addition the receiving vessels would not require
changing so often, and could be removed in a covered conveyance without creating
a nuisance in the streets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. For use in an improved mode of treating night soil, the conical chimney
having floors, and the bucket or receptacle formed substantially as
herein
described.
2. The improved mode of treating night soil, which consists in heating same in a

page_text: suitable bucket, to partially sterilize it, and mixing therewith a quantity of dried
vegetable matter, pressing the resultant mass into suitable moulds, and finally drying
same, substantially as described.
JABEZ ROYSTON.