IMPROVEMENTS IN CARVING FORKS ALTERATION AND DISCLAIMER
Year: 1875

page_text: Filed 9th February, 1878.
In the Matter of Letters Patent granted to JOHN COOPE HADDAN, of 32,
Treherne Road, Brixton, in the County of Surrey, and HENRY SMITH, of
29, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Electro.
plater, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARVING FORKS," dated
the 4th February, in the, year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five and No 412
MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION AND DISCLAIMER entered by the said
John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith pursuant to the Statutes in that case
made and provided.
WHEREAS Letters Patent dated the Fourth February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARVING FORKS," were granted unto us, the said John Coope Haddan and
Henry Smith, for the term of fourteen years:
And whereas since the date of the said Letters Patent and of the filing of the
Specification thereof we have been advised that certain parts of the said Specification
extend to matters not new, and we are desirous of disclaiming such matters and
to enter a Disclaimer and Alteration of the Specification of such Letters Patent
aforesaid:
"
NOW KNOW ALL MEN, that we, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry
Smith, therefore Disclaim from our said Specification,. reference being had to the
Queen's Printers' printed copy of the said Specification in page 3, and from lines 10
to 17, the words "split or divided throughout the length or at the lower or hinged,
and regulated or set to spring outwards or inwards at such ends, so as to bear
laterally within or against the body, and by friction to maintain the guard in the
"raised or in the down position as required. And to assist this object projections
" and recesses are sometimes provided on the guard and body respectively, or vice
versa respectively. Either form or description of guard instead of being split or
divided, as above stated, may consist." And in page 4, from lines 15 and 16, the
"

page_text: words "though not essential it is convenient or proper that." And from lines 18
and 19 the words "and that when made, as shewn at Figure 5, they should not so
"bear against or touch each other."
And the said Specification when so amended will read as follows, the original
Drawing filed therewith, not being altered, forming a part thereof, that is to say:-
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN COPE
HADDAN, of 32, Treherne Roard, Brixton, in the County of Surrey, and HENRY
SMITH, of 29, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Electro-
plater, send greeting:-
WHEREAS Her most excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her Letters Patent
bearing date the Fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-five, in the Thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us the said John Coope
Haddan and Henry Smith, her special licence, that we, the said John Coope
Haddan and Henry Smith, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should, and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CARVING FORKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The Invention consists in constructing carving forks with hinged guards of two
members produced by the folding or bending of one piece of metal or of two separate
members or pieces, rivetted, brazed, or attached together at the upper end. The
accompanying Drawing is furnished as exemplifying some practical methods of
performing the Invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of our improved carving forks, the guard being
shewn by full lines in the up position, and by dotted lines in the down position.
Figures 2 and 3 are detached side and plan views of the guard only; . Figure 4,
cross section at Z (in Figure 1) across the body of the fork; a is an ordinary handle
of ivory, bone, or horn; b, the body of steel .or iron; c, a pin joint or hinge; d, a
sinking or recess, the latter being indicated by dotted lines only, in Figure 1, but
distinctly shewn in the cross section, Figure 4; d, d*, d², is the guard split into, or
divided, or composed of the two members d, d, united in one at the top end d*, and
having the lower ends d², d², regulated or set to spring away from each other, as
indicated by the arrows in Figure 3, and when in place, to bear laterally against
the sides of the recess. The hinge pin at C passes through both these ends and
unites the guard to the body.
Figure 4 is a perspective sketch of another guard, generally similar as to the
particulars above described, but somewhat varied in pattern. The recess in the
body of the fork should be properly shaped or adapted to correspond.
Figure 5 is a perspective sketch of another guard in accordance with the
Invention, the reference letters d, d*, d², denote the several parts, as before described
for Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, but the lower ends d², d², are in this guard regulated or set
to spring, as denoted by the arrows, that is to say, towards each other instead of
away from each other, as in the former cases.

page_text: Figure 6 is a perspective sketch of the body of a fork adapted for the reception
of the last-mentioned guard, two sinkings being provided at the hinge joint, one on
either side of a middle rib e, which is tightly clipped by the ends d³, d³, of the guard
when in place.
Figure 7 is a cross section at Y in Figure 6, when the guards are made, as shewn
in Figures 3 and 4*, the members & should bear against or touch each other at
about the middle of their length.
In some cases we propose to adapt the body of the fork for receiving the guard
by furnishing it with an applied hinge piece C (for receiving the guard), as seen in
the side view, Figure 8, and which may be formed in accordance with either of
the cross sections, Figures 9 or 10 (both taken at X, in Figure 8) accordingly, as
the members of the guard are intended to spring outwards or inwards towards each
other at their lower ends. The applied piece C is shewn as formed with a screw,
and screwed on to the body Z, but may be rivetted on or otherwise secured.
Figure 11 is an enlarged view, and Figure 12 corresponding cross section of
same (at W, in Figure 11), to explain a method of shaping the guards, which we
have found convenient for obtaining a more or less satisfactory kind of spring
action, to assist the raising of the guards when hinged, and to maintain them more
firmly in the raised position, and which may or may not be employed as preferred.
The dotted lines m, n, o, p, q, s, are register lines to assist the eye in reading
across from one Figure to the other, and render the following description the more
intelligible: We bevil or splay the outer surfaces of the parts d², d², to about the
extent indicated between the lines n and s, and marked "bevilled" in Figure 12,
and afterwards file or form a shoulder or step at about the line p, reducing d², d²,
to parallel or nearly parallel thicknesses below the said shoulder or step. And in
some cases, but not always, we forge or produce the surfaces to within the circle o, q,
in Figure 11, and between the lines o and q in Figure 12, with a recess or sinking,
as represented. The description to these two Figures applies to guards having their
members d², d², set (or to be set) to spring outwards at their lower ends; but it
is evident that by similarly treating the inner surfaces instead of the outer a
corresponding advantage may be obtained for guards, having their members set
(or to be set) to spring inwards towards each other at their lower ends.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith, have
hereunto set our hands and seals; this Fourteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
I hereby grant my Fiat, giving leave to the above-named John Coope Haddan
and Henry Smith to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification
to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of
Alteration.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Coope Haddan, of 32, Treherne Road,
Brixton, in the County of Surrey, and Henry Smith, of 29,
1
Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Coope Haddan
and Henry Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 4th February 1875.
WC, JOHN COOPE HADDAN, of 32, Treherne Road, Brixton, in the
5 County of Surrey, and HENRY SMITH, of 29, Henrietta Street, Covent
Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Electro-plater, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARVING FORKS,”
to be as follows:-

page_text: In one form or description the guard is split or divided throughout
the length or at the lower or hinged end, and regulated or set to spring
outwards or inwards at such ends, so as to bear laterally within or
against the body, and by its friction to maintain the guard in the raised
or in the down position as required. And to assist this object projections
and recesses are sometimes provided on the guard and body respectively,
or vice versa, respectively. Either form or description of guard instead
of being split or divided, as above stated, may consist of two members
produced by the folding or bending of one piece of metal or of two
separate members, or pieces rivetted, brazed, or attached together at the
'upper end.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
COOPE HADDAN, of 32, Treherne Road, Brixton, in the County of
Surrey, and HENRY SMITH, of 29, Henrietta Street; Covent Garden, in
the County of Middlesex, Electro-plater, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of February, in the year
of our Lord. One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith,
Her special licence, that we, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry
Smith, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said John Coope Haddan and Henry Smith, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARVING
FORKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John
Coope Haddan and Henry Smith, our executors or administrators, by
ans instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and
seals should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
_ cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry
Smith, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The Invention consists in constructing carving forks with hinged
guards split or divided throughout the length, or at the lower or hinged
and regulated or set to spring outwards or inwards at such ends, so
as to bear laterally within or against the body, and by friction to
maintain the guard in the raised or in the down position as required.
And to assist this object projections and recesses are sometimes provided.
on the guard and body respectively, or vice versa respectively. Either
form or description of guard instead of being split or divided, as
above stated, may consist of two members produced by the folding or
bending of one piece of metal, or of two separate members or picces,
rivetted, brazed, or attached together at the upper end.
...
The accompanying Drawing is furnished as exemplifying some
practical methods of performing the 'Invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of our improved carving forks, the
guard being shewn by full lines in the position and by dotted lines in
the down position.
Figures 2 and 3 are detached side and plan views of the guard
only.
Figure 4 cross section at Z. (in Figure 1) across the body of the fork;
a is an ordinary handle of ivory, bone, or horn; b, the body of steel or
iron; c, a pin joint or hinge; d, a sinking or recess, the latter being
indicated by dotted lines, only in Figure 1, but distinctly shewn in the
cross section, Figure 4; d, d*,, d², is the guard split into or divided or
composed of the two members d, d, united in one at the top end d* and
having the lower ends d², d², regulated or set to spring away from each
other, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 3, and when in place to bear
laterally against the sides of the recess. The hinge pin at C passes
through both, these ends and unites the guard to the body.
A
.

page_text: Figure 4* is a perspective sketch of another guard generally similar
as to the particulars above described, but somewhat varied in pattern.
The recess in the body of the fork should be properly shaped or adapted
.to correspond.
Figure 5 is a perspective sketch of another guard in accordance with
the Invention, the reference letters d, d*, d², denote the several parts,
as before described for Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, but the lower ends d², d², are
in this guard regulated or set to spring as denoted by the arrows, that
is to say, towards each other instead of away from each other, as in the
former cases.
Figure 6 is a perspective sketch of the body of a fork adapted for the
reception of the last mentioned guard, two sinkings being provided at
the hinge joint, one on either side of a middle ribe, which is tightly
clipped by the ends d², d³, of the guard when in place.
Figure 7 is a cross section at Y, in Figure 6; though not essential it
is convenient or proper that when the guards are made, as shown in
Figures 3 and 4*, the member d should bear against or touch each other
at about the middle of their length, and that when made, as shewn at
Figure 5, they should not so bear against or touch cach other.
In some cases we propose to adapt the body of the fork for receiving 2
the guard by furnishing it with an applied hinge piece C (for receiving
the guard), as seen in the side view, Figure 8, and which may be formed
in accordance with either of the cross, sections, Figures 9 or 10 (both
taken at X, in Figure 8), accordingly as the members of the guard are
intended to spring outwards or inwards towards each other at their
lower ends. The applied piece C is shewn as formed with a screw, and
screwed on to the body Z, but may be rivetted on or otherwise secured.
Figure 11 is an enlarged view; and Figure 12, corresponding cross
section of same (at W in Figure 11) to explain a method of shaping the
guards, which we have found convenient for obtaining a more or less
satisfactory kind of spring action to assist the raising of the guards when"
hinged, and to maintain them more firmly in the raised position, and
which may or may not be employed, as preferred. The dotted linės
m, n, o, p, q, s, are register lines to assist the eye in reading across from
one figure to the other and render the following description the more
intelligible-We bevil or splay the outer surfaces of the parts d², d²,
to about the extent indicated between the lines R and S, and marked

page_text: "bevilled" in Figure 12, and afterwards file or form a shoulder or step
at about the line 2, reducing &, d, to parallel or nearly parallel
thicknesses below the said shoulder or step. And in some cases, but
not always, we forge or produce the surfaces to within the circle o, q, in
Figure 11, and between the lines o and q, in Figure 12, with a recess
or sinking, as represented. The description to these two Figures applies
to guards having their members d², d², set (or to be set) to spring.
outwards at their lower ends;. but it is evident that by similarly treating
the inner surfaces instead of the outer a corresponding advantage may
be obtained for guards having their members set (or to be set) to spring.
inwards towards each other at their lower ends.
1
-
In witness whereof, we, the said John Coope Haddan and Henry
Smith, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourth day
of August in the year of our Lord 1875
J. C. HADDAN.
(L.S.)
HENRY SMITH. (L.S.)