Improvements in Sliding-sash Windows.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 10th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sliding-sash Windows.
I, ARCHIBALD GRIFFIN RIDER, Photographer, of 11 Jewry Street,
Winchester, Hampshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
This invention relates to windows sliding in frames, and has for its purpose to
provide an arrangement of the sashes whereby the joint between them is rendered
more draught and dust tight than is the case in sashes of ordinary construction, and
whereby an opening of the window fastening by the insertion of a thin. blade from
without is rendered impossible.
Hitherto the two sashes have been moved up and down, or sideways, each in
its own frame and own guides. In my invention the upper sash is, when closed
by pushing up, superimposed upon the lower sash, thus occupying the space into
which the lower sash is projected when raised for the purpose of opening. By this
superimposition it is possible to form the lower rail of the upper sash and the upper
rail of the lower sash with a closely fitting rebate which, will thoroughly exclude
the passage of wind and dust. It is, furthermore, possible to employ a window
fastening of a type different from those at present in usage, such, for instance, as a
bolt or tongue projecting vertically from the upper rail of the lower sash into a
socket prepared therefor in the lower rail of the upper sash; and since the
juncture between these rails is formed as a rebate it will be impossible to introduce
any tool from without for the purpose of displacing such bolt or fastening. The
fastening being on the inside of the window sashes, it may advantageously be so
arranged as to be altogether invisible from without.
half
In carrying my invention into effect, I provide, throughout the lower half of the
window, a frame similar to that at present in use, which permits the upper sash to
be lowered in front of, or, in other words, outside, the lower sash. The upper
of the window frame, on the other hand, is not provided with a parting bead or
separating strip between the two sashes, but has, above the outer slide for the
upper sash, a curved guide upon either side by which the top of the upper sash is
brought into position directly over the lower sash. When the upper sash has
been fully raised and its top has been deflected inwards by the said guide, its
lower rail may be pulled inwards by means of any suitable knob or handle attached
thereto, so that the rebates upon the adjoining meeting rails are brought into close
contact, and may be locked together by the fastening provided herefor.
In opening my improved sash window the proceeding is reversed. The fastening
having been undone, the lower rail of the upper sash is pushed outward into the
outer slide on the pulley stile, when it can be lowered in front of the lower sash.
The lower sash can thereupon be freely raised.
In arranging the counterweights for my improved sash window I place the frame
pulley for the upper sash directly above that for the lower sash, and I sink in the
frame a groove or channel to receive the line of the lower sash, in order that the
upper sash may be closed directly above the lower sash without interfering with its
line. The said channel may be conveniently constructed in such wise that a
portion of the frame upon one side of the window, bordering the channel, may be
made to slide out of place, or be otherwise readily removable, in order that the
ower sash may be taken out of the frame for repairs without detaching the weight.
ine therefrom.

page_text: The counterweights themselves may be formed to pull up and down, the upper
beyond the lower. Or I may employ but one weight for each side of the window,
the two weight lines at each side being formed as a continuous cord and being
looped around a pulley at the top of the single weight. In this latter arrangement
the weight will, of course, descend but one half of the distance to which either sash
is raised, and will be made of double that weight which is requisite for each
separate counterpoise.
!
It is obvious that existing frames of the present pattern may, by slight
alterations, be adapted to receive, sashes constructed in accordance with my
invention; and that, in many cases, existing sashes may themselves be so
remodelled as to be capable of dust and burglar proof superimposition, as herein-
before described.
Dated this 8th day of June 1895.
Improvements in Sliding-sash windows.
I ARCHIBALD GRIFFIN RIDER, of 11 Jewry Street, Winchester, in the County
of Hampshire (formerly of 117 Oxford Street, London), Portrait and Landscape
Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to windows sliding in frames, and has for its purpose to
provide an arrangement of the sashes whereby the joint between them is rendered
more draught and dust tight than is the case in sashes of ordinary construction, and
whereby an opening of the window fastening by the insertion of a thin blade from
without is rendered practically impossible.
Hitherto the two sashes have been moved up and down, or sideways, each in its
own frame and on guides. In my invention the upper sash is, when closed by
pushing up, superimposed upon the lower sash thus occupying the space into which
the lower sash is projected when raised for the purpose of opening. By this
superimposition it is possible to form the lower rail of the upper sash and the upper
rail of the lower sash with a closely fitting rebate, which will thoroughly exclude
the passage of wind and dust. It is, furthermore, possible to employ a window
fastening of a type different from those at present in use, such, for instance, as a
bolt or tongue projecting vertically from the upper rail of the lower sash into a
socket prepared therefor in the lower rail of the upper sash, and since the junction
between these rails is formed as a rebate, it will be practically impossible to
introduce any tool from without for the purpose of displacing such bolt or fastening.
The fastening being on the inside of the window sashes, it may advantageously be
so arranged as to be altogether invisible from without.
In carrying my invention into effect, I provide, throughout the lower half of the
window, a frame similar to that at present in use, which permits the upper sash
to be lowered, in front of, or, in other words, outside the lower sash. The upper
half of the window frame, on the other hand, is not provided with a parting bead
or separating strip between the two sashes, but has, above the outer slide for the
upper sash, a curved guide upon either side by which the top of the upper sash is
brought into position directly over the lower sash.
And in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood I will now
proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings accompanying this
Specification, in which
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the upper portion of my improved window, as i
would appear, when the top sash is lowered.

page_text: Figure 2 is a similar view, shewing both sashes closed.
Figure 3 is a front elevation, to a smaller scale, shewing both sashes in their
open position, and with the front of the box or frame removed, in order to shew
one of the counterweights, arranged as hereafter described, which arrangement
I prefer to employ.
The same letters of reference are employed to denote the same parts in all the
views.
⚫a shews the upper sash, 6 the lower one, c the frame, provided with my improve-
ments for allowing the upper sash a to be lowered outside the lower sash 6 after
this sash a has been superimposed on the lower sash, as hereafter described.
d (Figs. 1 and 2) shews the parting bead, between the two sashes, which does not
extend beyond the lower half of the window frame c, and which is chamfered at its
upper end as shewn at e Figs. 1 and 2. f shews a curved guide above the outer
slide c for the upper sash, by which the top of this sash is brought directly over
the lower sash b, as represented at Fig. 2. The parting bead d and curved guide f
are of course provided on each side of the window frame c. shews the pulley for
the upper sash, placed directly above the pulley h for the lower sash. k shews a
groove or channel sunk in the frame c to receive the line l of the lower sash b. The
said channel k may be conveniently constructed in such wise, that a portion of the
frame upon one side of the window, bordering the channel may be made to slide
out of place or to be otherwise readily removable, in order that the lower sash b
may be taken out of the frame c, for repairs, without detaching the weight line /
therefrom.
m Fig. 3 shews the counter-weight, so suspended that only one is necessary for each
side of the window, in which figure it will be seen that one end of the cord is
connected to the stile of the lower sash & the other end to the stile of the upper
one, the weight, which is sufficient to counterbalance the two sashes being suspended
between the two pullies.
In order to work ordinary sliding windows with only one counter-weight on each
side of the frame, the arrangement of pulleys and cords would be as shewn in
sectional elevation at Figure 4, and in this case the groove or channel k could be
dispensed with. n Figure 3 shews a knob or handle for pulling over or pushing
back the lower rail o of the upper sash a, in raising or lowering this sash
respectively. p shews a fastening. The top of the upper rail of the lower sash b
and the bottom of the lower rail of the upper sash a are rebated, so as to form a
draught and dust proof joint, as shewn at y Fig. 2.
To open the window, the fastening p is unlocked then the lower rail o of the
upper sash a is pushed outwards, by means of the handle n and the sash can then be
lowered, the parting bead d guiding it outside the lower sash b. This lower sash b
can then be freely raised. To close the window the lower sash b is first shut down,
then the upper sash a is raised, its top being brought automatically into position
directly above the lower sash 6 by means of the curved guides f. Its lower rail o is
then pulled inwards, and the adjoining meeting rails may be locked by means of
the fastening p, which consists of a latch fitted in the upper rail of the lower sash b,
the tongue of which latch takes into a slot in the lower rail of the upper sash a.
Of course I may employ any other suitable fastening.
4
Although I have described and shewn the upper sash as sliding outside the
lower sash, I may, without departing from the principle of my invention make it
slide inside the lower sash. I may also employ the ordinary system of weights if
found more convenient.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in sliding-sash windows, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth..
2. In improvements in sliding-sash windows, the sash frame provided with parting

page_text: beads, extending partially up such frame, in combination with guides (such as those
shewn at f) for the purpose of allowing the top sash to be superimposed upon
the lower sash.
3. In improvements in sliding sash windows, the sash frame provided with
parting beads extending partially up such frame in combination with guides (such
as those shewn at f) and rebated joint, as shewn at 9 Fig. 2. for the purpose of
forming a draught and dust proof joint, all substantially as set forth.
4. In sliding sash windows, an arrangement of cords, pulleys and channels,
whereby the sliding of the two sashes 'may be worked by means of one counter-
weight on each side of the frame, substantially as described.
Dated this Tenth day of March 1896.
BROWNE & Co.,
9 Warwick Court, Gray's Inn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.