Improvements in or relating to Machines or Apparatus for Bevelling Glass.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1897
10th Mlan 4000
Gamalata Onnnifination
TTYY
1000
Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 10th May, 1908 Accepted, 14th June, 1998
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machines or Apparatus for
Bevelling Glass.
I, WILLIAM OLIVER BAILEY, of The Excelsior Works, Wenlock Road, City Road,
in the County of London, Glass Merchant, Silverer, and Beveller, do hereby declare
the nature of ny said invention to be as follows:
My improvements relates to that description of machines or apparatus for bevelling
glass for which I have obtained Letters Patents No. 1138294 and 733495 and consist
in improved methods of working the mills relatively to the frame: improved method
of feeding the grinding and polishing material to the mill; a method of trimming
the surface of the mill, and an improved method of securing the grinding or polishing
surfaces to the mill. Also improved methods, respectively, of adjusting the easel of
the frame to the required angle and depth of cut with automatic feeding arrange-
ments; of holding the glass plates on such easels and means whereby a number of
plates of varying thicknesses may be operated upon simultaneously; and an improved
clutch action for gripping the propelling rope or chain.
According to my invention relating to the mills, I dispense with the feeding
arrangements described in No. 733495 and substitute therefor an enclosed hopper in
which a number of beaters or blades mounted on a suitable driven shaft are caused to
dash or otherwise propel the grinding or polishing medium towards one end of such
hopper. At this end of the hopper a number of small holes are formed in front of
which a circular brush disc is fitted, so arranged relatively to the mill surface that
the brush receives a continual charge of the grinding or polishing medium and spreads
the same in an even layer on the surface of the mill, the brush being driven by any
suitable means.
The mill is formed with a bevelled surface as described in No. 733405 and hitherto
the edge of the glass has been operated upon in a line across the axis of the mill; I
now cause the glass to pass across the face of the mill in a line with the upper inner
edge of the mill bevel on the up-cut side, whereby a larger cutting surface is presented
to the glass.
For trimming the surface or bevel of the smoothing mill I employ a box integral
with or readily attached to the mill frame or case, the box being provided with a
grinding block formed preferably of what is known as "White Galt." This block is
adjusted to the bevel and pressure applied by means of a screw, the action of the mill
rotating against the block ensures the bevel being properly trimmed.
In order to fix the mill surfaces or bevel to the mill, I form the mill with a dove-
tail flange on its surface and provide a ring fitted with a number of adjusting screws.
The bevel or mill surfaces, of wood, stone or other suitable material, is clamped by
the screws against the dovetail flange whereby the bevel is retained in place and the
risk of accidental displacement is minimized.
The adjustment of the easel of the frame described in No. 11382 to the required
angle and depth of cut is improved by combining the bar carrying the easel with the
angle adjusting mechanism. This I effect by forming each of the sliding bars of a
hollow dovetail or trough section, sliding in suitable guides or bearings. The lower

page_text: end of each of the easel struts is jointed to a sliding block fitted in the bar and
operated by a screwed rod passing through the block, whereby the angle of the easel
is adjusted. Suitable scales or marks are cut upon the sliding bars to facilitate the
adjustment as to angle of bevel. In order that the feed may be regulated without
attention, I provide the shaft which actuates the worm and screw feeding mechanism
with a ratchet wheel fast thereon and operate the same by means of a pawl carried
by a lever or arm operated from the lower rail by a cam or inclined surfaces.
The easel is provided with a number of rubber buffers mounted on stems passing
through the easel and pressed outwards by springs. The back end of each stem is
provided with a lock or gripper capable of retaining the stem and buffer in its com-
pressed or partly compressed position.
The locks are operated by a screwed rod carrying a number of spring controlled
projecting blocks which operate upon the levers of the locks simultaneously.
The easel is provided with a clamping board or plate or straight edge suitably
hinged thereto and provided with means whereby the same may be moved to and
from the face of the easel. This clamping board or plate is formed with its inner
face perfectly level so that when the glass is clamped between the easel and the
clamping board or plate the outer surfaces of the glass, plates are all dead true as to
level, the spring buffers pressing all the glass plates against the clamping plate and
in which position the buffers are fixed by the locking mechanism before described.
By these means the various thicknesses of glass are accommodated to be operated
upon simultaneously. The lower edge of the easel is provided with a hinged or
pivoted rail or ledge, which is used to temporarily support the glass when required.
For propelling the frame across the face of the mill I employ an endless rope or
chain passing around pulleys rendered adjustable to adjust the tension of the rope
or chain.
On the frame I provide a means for gripping either the upper or lower
moving portion of the rope or chain whereby a reciprocating motion may be
obtained.
For this purpose I mount two pairs of jaws in suitable slides or guides and operate
the same by a right and left hand threaded shaft on which a toothed pinion is fixed.
The threads on the shaft are so arranged that on the pinion being rotated by a rack,
connected with suitable starting or stopping levers, one or other of the pair of jaws
are caused to grip either the upper or lower rope or chain.
Dated 10th August 1897.
GEORGE DOWNING & SONS,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agents.
mprovements in or relating to Machines or Apparatus for
Bevelling Glass.
I, WILLIAM OLIVER BAILEY, of The Excelsior Works, Wenlock Road, City Road, in
the County of London, Glass Merchant, Silverer and Beveller, do hereby declare the
nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My improvements relate to that description of machines or apparatus for bevelling
glass for which I have obtained Letters Patents No. 113824 and 733405 and consist in
an improved method of working the mill relatively to the frame; improved method
of feeding the grinding or polishing material to the mill; and a method of trimming
the surface of the mill. Also improved methods, respectively, of adjusting the easel.
of the frame to the required angle and depth of cut with automatic feeding arrange-
ments therefor; of holding the glass plates on such easels and means whereby a

page_text: number of plates of various thicknesses may be operated upon simultaneously; and
an improved method of gripping the propelling rope or chain.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained
reference is hereby made to the accompanying draw in which similar letters of refer-
ence indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatical face view of the mill and its feeding arrangements.
Fig. 2 is a side view, partly in section, of the cylindrical hopper or mixer.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged elevation of the feeding arrangements with means for disen-
gaging the grinding or polishing medium and preventing clogging..
Fig. 4 is a part side view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a plan, partly in section, illustrating the method of trimming the acting
face or bevel of the mill.
Fig. 6 is an end view of the frame and easel.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the easel adjusting gear and Fig. 8 is a section
on the line aa of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is an elevation of the feeding mechanism for operating the easel projecting
gear and Fig. 10 is a plan of a portion of Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a back elevation of a part of the frame illustrating the gripping
mechanism.
Fig. 12 is a section of Fig. 11 on the line b b.
Fig. 13 is a detail view.
Fig. 14 is a side view of the means for operating the straight edge or clamping
board.
Fig. 15 is a back view of a portion of the easel illustrating the means for locking
the buffers in position.
Fig. 16 is an enlarged sectional view of one of the buffers.
Fig. 17 is a reduced front elevation of the easel.
Fig. 18 is an elevation of the clamping board and Fig. 19 is a plan view of same.
Figs. 1 to 5 refer to the mill or grinding apparatus in which a represents the mill
which is provided with a bevelled grinding or polishing surface b. c is a cylindrical
hopper or mixer in which a shaft c¹ is mounted carrying blades c2 caused to revolve
by any external means. The grinding or polishing medium (such for instance as fine
sand pumice powder or rouge) is placed in the mixer c with water or other fluid the
rotation of the blades causing the liquid mass to be propelled towards the end c³ of
the hopper c. In this end a number of holes c are made through which the
grinding or polishing medium issues to a circular disc brush & arranged so that hair or
other material the bristles d¹ thereof pass over the holes, the brush conveying the
medium to the face of the mill a on which the medium is spread in an even layer. .
In order to prevent clogging of the holes, I provide a tapper on the end of the
hopper c as shewn on Figs. 3 and 4. This consists of lever e pivoted at e¹ to the
bracket e² attached to the end c³. The lever e is formed with a weighted end or
hammer es normally held against the end c³ by a spring e*. On the rotary brush & I
fit a projecting pin or stud d² arranged to impinge upon the end of the lever e
thereby lifting the hammer. It will be understood that the action of the pin 2 on
the lever e is such as to cause a tapping on the end c³ thus setting up vibrations
which liberate the semi fluid or solid matter from the holes.
The mill is constructed with detachable and renewable grinding or polishing
surfaces which are formed of iron, stone, wood, or other suitable material. For this
purpose the mill is formed with a dovetail rim a¹ and flange or ring a² which is
provided with a suitable number of set screws and nuts a³ whereby the surface b may
be securely clamped in position. For trimming the surface or bevel b of a stone or
wood mill I employ a box b¹ formed integral with or readily attached to the mill
frame 62 the box being provided with a grinding block b³ formed of what is known as
"White Galt." The block is adjusted to the bevel and pressure applied by means of
a screw the rotation of the mill against the block ensuring the proper trimming of
the bevel surface of the mill.
Hitherto with this type of mill the glass has been operated upon in a line across

page_text: the axis of the mill and on one side thereof; I now cause the glass to pass across the
face of the mill in a line with the upper inner edge of the mill bevel in contact with
the upcut side only whereby a larger cutting surface is presented to the glass. This
is represented in Fig. 1 by the dotted line x..
In Figs. 6, 7, and 8 is shewn the improved arrangement for effecting the
adjustment of the easel of the frame (which carries the glass to be bevelled) to the
required angle of bevel and to the required depth of cut. This consists in combining
the projecting mechanism with the angle adjusting mechanism whereby the frame is
rendered more accurate and generally more satisfactory in use. This I effect by
forming each of the usual sliding bars f of a double-dovetail and trough section as
shewn by Fig. 8, sliding in suitable guides on the frame.
This bar carries the easel g hinged thereto at its outer end (Fig. 6), the easel
being supported by two or more struts g¹ jointed to the easel and at f2 to a sliding
block f³ capable of sliding on the bar f. The sliding block f is operated by a screwed
rod f acting on a lug nut fattached to the block the rod being supported by the
bar and prevented from moving longitudinally therein by the grooved end and bolt fo
the other end of the rod f is carried by the frame and is provided with a worm
pinion h in which the rod is free to slide but prevented from rotating therein by a
feather or other suitable means. The worm pinions of all the sets of adjusting
mechanism are operated by a hand wheel and shaft i provided with worms i¹.. The
barf is moved longitudinally in its guides by similar mechanism, the lug nut f and
screwed rod f carrying the worm pinion fast thereon being used. The rod fis
carried by the frame as shewn in Fig. 7 in which Figure the angle adjusting block f³
is shewn drawn back and the bar f is shown projected forward. Suitable scale marks
may be cut upon the sliding bars to facilitate the adjustment thereof.
In order that the bar f carrying the easel may be projected without attention and
thus automatically regulate the feed, I provide the mechanism shown by
Figs. 9 and 10 in which k¹ represents the worm shaft which carries the worms k
(Fig. 7), This shaft c¹ is fitted with a toothed pinion gearing with an intermediate
toothed wheel k³ formed with a toothed pinion the latter gears with a toothed
wheel attached to a ratchet wheel arranged as shewn. The ratchet wheel is
operated by a pawl mounted at one end of a bar capable of sliding in a bracket 12
the other end of the bar being provided with a roller and spring 1. This pawl
bar is moved longitudinally by cams fixed to the lower rail on which the frame
runs. The cams are arranged as shewn in Fig. 10, m being a cam pivoted to a
bracket at m¹ and held against the wall or stop m² by the spring m³. It will be
seen that the cam only acts upon the pawl bar in one direction, the bar causing
the cam m to yield against the power of the spring m³ when travelling backward.
For propelling the frame across the face or bevel of the mill, I employ a
continuously moving endless rope or chain n stretched between adjustable grooved
pulleys suitably mounted on the walls of the building and utilize the opposite
moving directions of the upper and lower rope to give corresponding motions to the
frame. For this purpose I provide two pairs of jaws n¹ n² mounted in suitable
guides n³ (Figs. 11, 12 and 13) and operate the same by means of a shaft n' each
end of which is cut with a right hand and left hand thread fitting the internal
threads of each pair of jaws respectively and clearly shown in Fig. 12. The shaft is
fitted with a bevel pinion o in gear with a bevel wheel o' which integral with the
toothed pinion o² the latter meshing with the sliding rack o³ carrying the arm o².
The rack o³ is also provided with a starting or stopping rod 06 which passes across
the back of the frame to a convenient position for use. The arm o is operated
automatically by suitable projecting stops fixed to the lower rail, so that on the
frame arriving at a stop the motion of the arm of is arrested whereby the motion
of the frame causes the rack o³ to act on the bevel gearing o¹ o; this causes one
or other of the pairs of jaws to grip either the upper or lower rope or chain,
whereby the necessary reciprocating motion of the frame is obtained.
The glass plates are held on the easel by a clamping board or straight edge p
carried by a pair of quadrant p¹ (Fig. 14) pivoted at p² at each end of the easel g.

page_text: The quadrants are toothed as shown and gear with toothed wheels p³ mounted on
one shaft one of the wheels p³ gears with a piuion p suitably mounted on the ease!,
the pinion p being operated by a crank handle or the crank handle may operate the
wheel p³ direct. The toothed wheel p³ is integral with a ratchet wheel p³ and a
pawl po is provided to prevent the backward rotation of the toothed wheel p³ and
consequent falling away of the clamping board.
The easel g over the front of which a thin sheet of rubber is hung is provided
with a number of rubber buffers mounted on stems ¹ passing through the easel
and pressed outwards by springs r² as shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the latter figure
illustrating the positions of the buffers on the easel with the rubber covering removed,
and the former showing the construction of the buffers. 3 represents a fly nut for
adjusting the projection of the buffer from its case. The lowest row of buffers are
capable of being locked to prevent the springs yielding after the glass has been
clamped in position. This I effect by providing at the back of the easel a lock for
each of the buffers, shown in Fig. 15. It consists of a lever s pivoted to the case at
8 and arranged to grip the stem rl of the buffer between it and the correspondingly
curved surface 82 of the lock case. All the levers (of which there are as many as
there are buffers in the lowest row) are forked at their lower ends and straddle the
rod t swivel jointed at t¹ to a screwed shaft 2 carried by the bracket ts which 'is
correspondingly screw threaded, the shaft carrying a hand wheel (not shown) for!
rotating same. The rod t is also screw threaded and fitted with nuts 4 between-
which and the forked end of the levers s the springs 83 are fitted, the nuts t
permitting the adjustment of the pressure of the springs against the lever & thereby
ensuring sufficient and simultaneous pressure on all the levers 8 t are collars arranged
to release the gripping action by pulling off the levers s when the shaft t² is rotated
in an opposite direction to that which causes the gripping action.
:
The clamping board p is formed with its inner face rubber covered and perfectly level -
so that when the glass is clamped between it and the easel the outer surfaces of the
glass plates are all truly level, the spring buffers pressing all the glass plates against
the clamping board and in which position the lowest row of buffers is fixed by the
locking mechanism previously described. By these means the various thicknesses of-
glass are accommodated and rendered capable of being operated upon simultaneously.
The lower edge of the easel g is provided with a rail or ledge u hinged thereto,
which is used to temporarily support the glass on the easel when the clamping
board is removed.
;
In order to ensure the clamping board being as nearly as possible level I form the -
outer side as shown in Figs. 18 and 19. As will be readily understood, vare straining:
bolts carrying caps or plates v to which are jointed the adjustable links u². Any.
number of sets of straining bolts and links may be used to gain the desired end and
webs or ribs such as w may also be employed to add additional stiffness. The block or
roller y, Fig. 14, is arranged between the easel and the quadrant p' so that when the
clamping board p is being forced against the glass to clamp the same, the quadrants
are prevented from straining inwards towards each other and thus prevent bowing of
the clamping board.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to bo na-formad T dealers
T
1. In mills for bevelling glass, the combination with a bevelled grinding or polish-
0 ing surface of the means described for feeding the same with the grinding or polish-
ing medium; consisting of a rotary disc brush, which is in contact with the bevel
and also with the hopper end, the latter being perforated through which the medium
is caused to issue by means of the beaters or blades rotated within the hopper,
substantially as set forth and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

page_text: 2. The combination with a hopper fitted with beaters or blades driven by suitable
means, of the perforations for allowing the medium to pass to the disc brush, a
tapper pivoted to the hopper and a projecting stud on the disc brush to operate the
lever of the tapper, substantially as set forth and illustrated by Figs. 3 and 4.
3. In mills for bevelling glass, the use therewith of a box, a block of "White
Galt" adjustably mounted therein, screw bolt and locknut for adjusting the block,
the whole arranged to be readily brought into use for trimming the bevel of the
Inill, substantially as set forth and shewn by Fig. 5.
4. In mills for bevelling glass, the method working the mill relatively to the
frame, that is to say, glass to be bevelled passes across the face of the mill in a line
with the inner diameter of the mill bevel, the glass being in contact with the bevel
on the upcut side only, the mill being fed by the means herein before described,
substantially as set forth and illustrated in Fig. 1.
5. In travelling frames for carrying the glass to be bevelled, the combination there-
with of the bars, carrying the easel, sliding in guides on the frame, blocks sliding on
the bars, struts jointed to such blocks and to the easel, screw shafts and worin pinions
for operating the bars, and screw shafts and feathered worm pinions for operating
the block, substantially as set forth and illustrated by Figs. 6, 7 and 8.
: 6. In frames for bevelling glass as aforesaid, the combination therewith of bars
carrying the easel, screw shafts and worm pinions for operating the bar, a shaft carry-
ing worms gearing with the worm pinions, a toothed wheel mounted at one end of
such shaft, a ratchet wheel connected with the toothed wheel by a train of wheels, a
pawl and sliding bar operating such ratchet wheel, and a roller on the end of the
sliding bar, arranged to come in contact with a cam pivoted to a bracket fixed to the
lower rail whereby the sliding bar is moved longitudinally in its bracket bearing
and the ratchet wheel operated, substantially as set forth and illustrated by
Figs. 9 and 10.
7. The combination with the mechanism claimed in Clause 6, of a cam pivoted to
a bracket, a spring holding the cam against one wall or stop of the bracket, whereby
the can operates in one direction only, substantially as set forth and illustrated in
Figs, 9 and 10.
8. The combination with travelling frames for supporting glass to be bevelled of
two pairs of jaws between each of which the propelling rope or chain passes, a shaft
cut at each end with right and left hand screw threads fitting respectively the lower
and upper jaws of each pair, a bevel pinion mounted on said shaft, a bevel wheel
formed integral with a toothed pinion, a rack in gear with this pinion, an arm
attached to said rack, and a rod for moving the rack by hand substantially as set
forth and illustrated in Figs. 11, 12 and 13.
9. The combination with the mechanism described in Claim 8 of a suitable number
of stops attached to the lower rail for actuating the arm of the rack and causing the
jaws to grip either the upper or lower moving portion of the rope, substantially as
set forth.
10. The combination with a frame, of an easel over which a thin sheet of rubber is
hung, a number of rubber covered spring buffers mounted therein and means for
locking the lowest row and a rail or ledge hinged to the easel, substantially as set
forth and illustrated in Figs. 6, 15, 16, and 17.
11. The combination with the easel, of yielding buffers to accommodate the
various thicknesses of glass, consisting of a rubber tip mounted on a stem, a spring
surrounding said stem and a fly nut on the outer or back end of said stem, substan-
tially as set forth and shown in Fig. 16.
12. In easels for supporting glass to be bevelled, the combination of a row of
rubber buffers each of which are mounted on a stem, a spring surrounding said stem,
a fly nut on the outer or back end of said stem, a curved gripping surface formed on
the case, a lever arranged to grip the stem between it and the curved surface of the
case, and means for operating all the levers simultaneously, substantially as set forth
and illustrated in Fig. 15.
13. The combination with the mechanism described in Clause 12 of a screw. shaft

page_text: carrying a hand wheel, a bracket internally screw threaded to receive said shaft, a
screwed rod swivel jointed to the shaft, and a suitable number of nuts, springs and
collars on said rod, arranged in relation to the locking levers as described, substantially
as described and illustrated in Fig. 15.
14. In easels for supporting glass to be bevelled, the combination therewith of a
clamping board pivoted to the easel, the inner face of which clamping board is
covered with rubber and perfectly level, the straining bolts, the caps or plates, the
adjustable links, and the webs for stiffening the clamping board, substantially as set
forth and shown in Figs. 18 and 19.
15. The combination, with a clamping board of glass bevelling frames, of a pair of
quadrants toothed internally as shown, a pair of toothed wheels mounted on one shaft
and gearing with said quadrants, a ratchet wheel integral with one or both of said
toothed wheels, a pawl engaging with the ratchet wheel and means for rotating the
said toothed wheels, substantially as set forth and illustrated in Fig. 14.
16. The combination with the mechanism described in Claim 15 of a block or roller
attached to the edge of the easel adapted to prevent inward straining of the quadrants
and bowing of the clamping board, substantially as set forth and illustrated in
Fig. 14.
17. The general construction, combination and arrangements of the several and
respective parts together constituting my improvements in or relating to machines
or apparatus for bevelling glass, substantially as set forth.
Dated 10th May 1898.
GEORGE DOWNING & SONS,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agents.
GEORGE DOWNING & SONS,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agents.