AN IMPROVED BALE OR METALLIC TIE
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Mainwaring, of Tipton, in the
County of Stafford, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED BALE OR
METALLIC TIE."
Scaled the 28th July 1868, and dated the 30th January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Main-
waring at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 30th January 1868.
I, EDWARD THOMAS MAINWARING, of Tipton, in the County of
Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "An
IMPROVED BALE OR METALLIC TIE," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My improvements consist, first, in deflecting the surface at any
suitable part near the ends of the hoops to the extent of about one-
eighth of an inch more or less, which may be effected by any convenient
means. Hoops thus treated I purpose tying or portably holding together
for the confining, holding, or binding up of bales of merchandize, such
as cotton, woven fabrics, or other like goods usually packed or made

page_text: up under great pressure by a metallic tic of the following construction:-
I fashion a plate of metal, in a part rectangular form, with a rectangular
hole formed in the same, the length of which should be slightly in
excess of the width of the hoop. This plate I prefer to be equivalent
in' thickness to the deflection at the ends of the hoop before referred
to, and the width of the rectangular hole sufficient to allow the deflected
portions of the hoops to lic within the slot.. On one or both sides of
such rectangular tie a shank or shanks are formed of the width of
the hoop, around which and the ends of the hoop a metal clip or clips
slide, and when thus adjusted forms a simple, efficient, and ready means
of tying or holding together the ends of thin hoop iron as used for
baling up merchandize.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Mainwaring in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 30th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS MAINWARING, of Tipton, in the County of Stafford, send
grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-cight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Mainwaring, Her special
licence that I, the said Edward Thomas Mainwaring, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Thomas
Mainwaring, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain, and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED BALE OB METALLIC TIE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Thomas Mainwaring, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Mainwaring, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
My improvements consist, first, in deflecting the surface at any
suitable part near the ends of the hoops to the extent of about onc->
cight of an inch more or less, which may be effected by any convenient:
means. Hoops thus treated I purpose tying or portably holding together
for the confining, holding, or binding up of bales of merchandize, such
as cotton, woven fabrics, or other like goods usually packed or made
up under great pressure by a metallic tic of the following construction:-
I fashion a plate of metal in a part rectangular form with a rectangular
hole formed in the same, the length of which should be slightly in
excess of the width of the hoop. This plate I. prefer to be equivalent
in thickness to the deflection at the ends of the hoop before referred
to, and the width of the rectangular hole sufficient to allow the deflected
portions of the hoops to lie within the slot. On one or both sides of
such rectangular tie a shank or shanks are formed of the width of tho
hoop, around which and the ends of the hoop a metal clip or clips slide,
and when thus adjusted forms a simple, efficient, and ready means of
tying or holding together the ends of thin hoop iron as used for baling
up merchandize.
But to make the foregoing description clear and definite I will
further describe it in connection with the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
A and B, Fig. 1, represent in flat view two ends of hoop iron bent
and arranged for being held together by means of the tie C and there
held by the loop D, and Fig. 2 represents the same part in edge view,
minus the clip D.
Fig. 3 represents the several parts together, requiring only the strap
of the tie marked E to be brought up in a line with A and B, when
the clip D may be slid over the three, holding them firmly in contact,

page_text: the slightest injury to the parts) and re-arranged or the deflections
otherwise placed for re-use as frequent as may be necessary.
At Fig. 5 I have exhibited the tie C with an additional shank
marked F merely to show that it may be so made if necessary, and
Fig. 6 represents the double shanked tie in use and held by an
additional clip marked G.
The principle of constructing, fashioning, and uniting or securing
the ends of thin iron as herein exhibited for the purpose of confining
or holding bales of cotton, woven fabrics, or other raw or wrought
merchandize is applicable to all sizes, strengths, and widths of hoop
iron which are invariably used for this purpose.
I have not thought it necessary to exhibit any particular apparatus
or appliances for bending the hoops into the suitable deflected form,
as exhibited at Figures 2 and 3, as it is obvious that this may be readily
effected in such a variety of ways that description is unnecessary
beyond merely stating that I have adopted the use of a piece of iron
large enough for screwing to a stand with a hinge joint at one end
and a slight projection as near the joint or fulcrum as possible, and
also to the height of the deflection required in the hoop and with
by preference an opening at the back to slide through, and in
connection with this bed or bottom part I use a top part similarly
constructed with the hinge joint and counter projection with an extended
lever handle that by sliding the iron through the opening and into
position the mere pressing down of the lever will be sufficient to form
the desired deflection.
Having fully disclosed the nature, character, and object of my
Invention, it will be clear that the principle will not be affected
generally by variation of shape or proportion, provided the slot C is in
accordance with the width of the strip iron used for the bale, and also
that the shank part marked E, or E and F, are parallel for the clip D
to pass over them, or that other equivalent means are used for holding
together the shank E or combined shanks E and F in contact or
combination with the end of the iron strip or bale to connect the tic;
but what I claim as of my Invention and for the purposes herein stated
is the means generally herein described and exhibited for fastening or
holding together the ends of metal hoops or strips for baling goods
without regard to the size or shape of the several parts where the

page_text: same may be varied without affecting the principle or purpose of this
my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Mainwaring, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
EDWARD THOMAS MAINWARING. (L.S.)
Witness,
WILLIAM LOACH,
Clerk to James S. Cockings,
Patent Agent,
Birmingham.