IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Henry Rushton, of the Firm of Messieurs
Dobson and Barlow, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, and Thomas Southern Morris and William Isherwood
Bromiley, of the same place, Foremen, for the Invention of
“IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING
COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 2nd May 1878, and dated the 5th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Henry Rushton,
Thomas Southern Morris, and William Isherwood Bromiley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
5th March 1878.
We, THOMAS HENRY RUSHTON, of the Firm of Messieurs Dobson and
Barlow, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and
THOMAS SOUTHERN MORRIS and WILLIAM ISHERWOOD BROMILEY, of the
same place, Foremen, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,” to be as follows:—
Our Invention consists partly in the carding engines by which the.

page_text: cotton or other fibres are cleaned and prepared, and partly in the
machines for spinning and doubling the same.
Our improvements are applicable to the carding engines for which
Letters Patent were granted to George Wellman on the 11th September
1860, No. 2190, and it consists in an improved arrangement of parts for
lifting and cloaning the top flats rapidly without working the rest of the
machinery more rapidly than heretofore.
In performing our Invention we make the teeth in the cam wheel of
different radius, and of the same or of different pitches, and we make a
double pinion of different diameters to work in the said teeth. By this
arrangement, so long as the pinion is driving the cam wheel for tra-
versing the radial arms from one flat to the other, the parts work at the
ordinary speed, or rather slower than usual, but when the radial arms
are in their places opposite the top flat to be cleaned the larger pinion
comes into gear with the smaller segment on the cam wheel, and raises
the top flat and allows it to drop again into its place in less time than
was heretofore possible. In order to be able to move the radial arms in
the reverse direction, without going to the end of the mangle rack, we
connect a tumbler latch or other equivalent to the slide, by which the
top flat is lifted, and this tumbler latch or its equivalent is acted upon
by a projection on the cam wheel, so that when the cam wheel is moved
back no motion is communicated to the slide.
Our improvements in spinning and doubling machines consist "in
bringing the copping faller wire close to the yarns before the backing
off commences, whereby snarls are avoided. We accomplish this by
means of an incline fixed to the headstock and by a lever fixed to the
faller shaft. In this lever is a bowl, which runs up the incline at the
end of the stretch, or other equivalent parts may be used to effect the
same obiect.

page_text: Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and THOMAS
SOUTHERN MORRIS, and WILLIAM ISHERWOOD BROMILEY, of the same
place, Foreman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, 'in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Thomas Henry Rushton, Thomas Southern
Morris, and William Isherwood Bromiley, Her special licence that we,.
the said Thomas Henry Rushton, Thomas Southern Morris, and William
Isherwood Bromiley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Thomas Henry Rushton, Thomas Southern Morris,
and William. Isherwood Bromiley, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING,
AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Henry Rushton, Thomas
Southern Morris, and William Isherwood Bromiley, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Henry Rushton; Thomas
Southern Morris, and William Isherwood Bromiley, our do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :—
Our improvements are applicable to the carding engines for which
Letters Patent were granted to George Wellman on the 11th September
1860, No. 2190, and it consists,-
First. In an improved arrangement of parts for lifting and cleaning

page_text: the top flats rapidly without working the rest of the machinery more
rapidly than heretofore.
Secondly. In an arrangements of parts, by means of which the radial
arms may be moved in the reverse direction without going to the end of
the mangle rack, so that when the cam wheel is moved back no motion
is communicated to the slide.
And Thirdly. Our improvements consist in an arrangement of parts
for bringing the copping faller wire of spinning and doubling machines
close to the yarns before the backing off commences, whereby snarls are
avoided.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, and readily
carried into operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked
thereon.
Fig. 1 is a front view, and Fig. 2 a side view of part of a Wellman's ]
carding engine to which our improvements were applied. The top flats
are supported by bends fixed to the main framing of the carding engine,
and the radial arms are supported by the pedestals of the main cylinder,
as usual. The mechanism for traversing the radial arms to and fro and
for stripping the top flats is also made in the ordinary manner.
a is the upper part of one of the radial arms in which are bearings for
the cross shaft b, which is driven as usual by a strap passing around the
end of the shaft of the main cylinder and over a pulley on the said cross
shaft. To the shaft b are fixed pinions gearing into the carrier wheels c,
which revolve on studs fixed in the radial arms. To each carrier wheel c
is cast or fixed the double pinion d, d³, which is made of a finer and
coarser pitch and of different diameters; the finer and smaller portion
marked d gears into the segmente on the circumference of the cam
whcelf, and the coarser and larger portion d' gears into the segment e¹
on the cam wheel. We wish to remark here that the pinions d, ď³, and §
segments e, e³, may all be of the same pitch instead of different pitches,
as shewn and described. At the back of each of the cam wheels is an
antifriction bowlf, mounted on a stud, as described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to Benjamin Dobson and William Slater on
the Thirty-first day of July, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
soven, No. 2209, and these bowls act on the tumbler latches g, which
are jointed to the slides h, by which the top flat is lifted. To each of

page_text: •
the slides
is also jointed the angle piece i, which supports the
wedge ³, the object of which is to regulate the order in which the top
flats are stripped as heretofore customary.
The mode of operation is as follows:-So long as the pinion d is in
gear with the larger segment e for driving the cam-wheelf for traversing
the radial arms a from one flat to the other, the parts work at the
ordinary speed or rather slower than usual, but when the radial arms are
in their places opposite the top flat to be cleaned the larger pinion d
comes into gear with the smaller segment e¹ on the cam wheel, and
raises the top flat, strips it, and allows it to drop again into its place in
less time than was heretofore possible.
•
When the carding engine has been stopped, and it is necessary to
move the radial arms in the reverse direction without going to the end
of the mangle rack the attendant can turn the cam wheels fin the
direction of the arrow by hand. The bowls f¹ then act on the upper
side of the tumbler latches g, which yield and allow the bowls to pass
without imparting motion to the slides. When the bowls f¹ have passed
the tumbler latches are brought back to their original position by the
springs g'.
Fig. 3 represents the outline of a self-acting mule to which the third
part of our Invention is applied. are the drawing rollers, the
k &
carriage, m the spindles, n the copping faller shaft, and o the sickles,
all of which are made as usual. To the copping faller shaft n is fixed
the lever n', which carries the bowl n³, and p is an inclined plate fixed
to the framing of the headstock in such a position that when the carriage
is nearly at the end of its outward run the bowl n³ comes in contact with
it, and during the last two or three inches of the outward run the bowl,
in running up the incline p, depresses the copping faller sickles so as to
bring the copping faller wire just clear of the yarn before the backing off
commences, whereby snarls are avoided. The mechanism for depressing
the copping faller wire at the end of the stretch for the purpose described
may be considerably modified.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, we declare that we claim,—
First. The double pinions d, d³, gearing into the segments e, e³, for
driving the cam wheels of Wellman's self-stripping carding engines, as
described.

page_text: Secondly. The application of the tumbler latches g to the slides of
Wellman's self-stripping carding engines for the purpose described.
And, thirdly. The application of the incline p and lever n³, or other
equivalents, to self-acting mules to prevent snarls while backing off, as
shewn and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Henry Rushton, Thomas
Southern Morris, and William Isherwood Bromiley, have hereto
set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh day of August One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.