Improvements in Syringes for Surgical and other Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Syringes for Surgical and other Purposes.
I, JAMES ARNOLD of the firm of Arnold and Sons, of West Smithfield in the City
of London Surgical Instrument Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The objects of this invention are the manufacture of syringes for surgical and other
purposes and particularly applicable as hypodermic syringes for sub-cutaneous
injections which are clean, portable, and cheap to manufacture.
This syringe is composed of a graduated cylinder or barrel, a needle, and a piston
rod and piston or plunger.
The graduated cylinder preferably made of glass is at one end ground to receive
the butt end or mount of the needle, although instead of being ground the two may
be screw threaded to screw into one another, but for the sake of cheapness in manu-
facture and for cleanliness it is preferable that the glass should be simply ground into
which the butt end or mount of the needle can be easily placed and when so placed be
perfectly secure therein. The piston rod or plunger and the piston are or may be
conveniently made of metal, ebonite or such like material the piston or plunger of the
rod being produced by cutting out a portion near the end and inserting therein a piece
or pieces of india rubber ring or rings or hemp, leather, or the piston or plunger may
be produced by winding round a piece of cotton or equivalent material which is easily
obtainable and can be changed with the utmost facility. I find however small india
rubber rings to answer the purpose well. When the parts are not together for use
the plunger is pushed into the graduated cylinder and the needle into an aperture
formed in the plunger at either end thereof as found most convenient. By this means
the syringe can be carried in a small space in a case for the pocket or otherwise; when
required for use it can be quickly put together and after use can be easily cleaned and
packed up. The morphia or other material to be injected may be sucked up into the
graduated cylinder or barrel or be poured into same as preferred.
The piston rod may be arranged so as to carry discs of morphia or other tabloids.
Dotel this 5th I
Manal 1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Syringes for Surgical and other Purposes.
I, JAMES ARNOLD of the firm of Arnold and Sons of West Smithfield in the City
of London, Surgical Instrument Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The objects of this invention are, the manufacture of syringes for surgical and other
purposes (and particularly applicable as hypodermic syringes, for sub-cutaneous
injections) which are clean, portable, and cheap to manufacture.
This syringe is composed of a graduated cylinder or barrel, a needle and a piston rod
and piston or plunger, and in the accompanying drawings I have shown in vertical
section at Figure 1 such a syringe constructed according to my invention and drawn
to an increased scale for clearness of delineation; Figure 2 showing a modified fitting
of the needle.
Referring to Figure 1, A is the graduated cylinder or barrel preferably made of
glass, it being at one end A¹ ground. to receive the butt end or mount of the needle,
г

page_text: although instead of being ground, the two may be screw threaded to screw into one
another, but for the sake of cheapness in manufacture and for cleanliness it is preferable
that the glass should be simply ground, into which the butt end or mount of the
needle B can be easily placed and when so placed be perfectly secure therein.
For convenience in fitting, the mount B₁ of the needle may be somewhat slightly
tapered and the end A' of the barrel may be correspondingly formed to receive the
end of the mount B', the said end of the barrel A¹ being generally at this end increased
in thickness.
Instead of the latter arrangement of fitting, the butt end or mount B¹ of the needle
may be formed to fit over the ground end A' of the barrel as shown in the partial
section Figure 2, but I have found the arrangement shown at Figure 1, answer the
purpose well.
It will be noticed that the upper end A2 of the barrel A is somewhat bell mouthed
or opened out, the object being to enable the plunger or piston to be readily and
instantaneously introduced without difficulty or loss of time."
The piston rod or plunger C and the piston Dare or may be conveniently made of
metal, cbonite, or such like material, the packing ring of the piston or plunger D heing
produced by cutting out or shouldering a portion of the rod or plunger near the end
thereof and inserting therein a piece or pieces of india rubber ring or rings or hemp,
leather, or the piston or plunger may be produced by winding round a piece of cotton
or equivalent material, which is easily obtainable, and can be changed with the utmost
facility.
The piston rod or plunger C may be formed solid or it may be hollow so as to carry
discs of morphia or other tabloids.
When the parts are not together for use the plunger is pushed into the graduated
cylinder A and the needle B as is indicated by dotted lines at Fig. 1 is inserted into an
aperture formed in the plunger at either end thereof and may be secured by a
screw, or otherwise, formed on the needle mount all as found most convenient. By
this means the syringe can be carried in a small space in a case for the pocket or
otherwise; when required for use it can be quickly put together and after use can be
easily cleaned and packed up, there not being, in syringes constructed according to my
invention, any mountings on the barrel or cylinder, nor any parts or fittings at all
calculated to retain objectionable matter; the thorough cleansing of every part of
syringes when constructed according to my invention being effected with the greatest
ease and certainty.
The morphia or other material to be injected may be sucked up into the graduated
cylinder or barrel or be poured into same as preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The syringes for surgical and other purposes composed of a graduated or
other barrel A (preferably of glass) ground and prepared at one end to receive the
butt end or mount B₁ of the needle B and a solid or hollow piston rod or plunger C
with packing D whereby mountings on the barrel A (and other parts calculated to
retain objectionable matter) are dispensed with, while the various parts composing
the syringe may be readily separated, and every part, thereof thoroughly and quickly
cleansed with ease and certainty all substantially as herein described with reference to
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Second. In syringes for surgical and other purposes, the construction and arrange-
ment of the barrel A at the part A' and of the butt end or mount of the needle,
whereby the latter is fitted direct into the barrel and may be adjusted thereto or
detached therefrom and sheathed in the piston when not in use, with ease and speed
all substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Third. In syringes for surgical and other purposes the construction of the barrel A
so formed at one end A¹ as to directly receive the butt end of the needle (or its

page_text: mount) the said barrel being enlarged, or bell mouthed at the other end A² to facilitate
the insertion of the piston or plunger all substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
Fourth. The general construction, arrangement and combination of parts composing
my improved hypodermic or other syringe, substantially as and for the purposes
herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
122180 LOIS JU UHY UI
December
1000
1034
JAMES ARNOLD.
'
By Brewer & Son,
33, Chancery Lane, London, Agents.
OCOT 14amana T 10 AKO IME SIDI DFIE
JAMES ARNOLD.
By Brewer & Son,
33, Chancery Lane, London, Agents.