invention for improvements In Chimney-tops Ior the Pre- vention of Downdraughts and the Cure of Smoky Chimneys.
Year: 1885

page_text: invention for improvements In Chimney-tops Ior the Pre-
vention of Downdraughts and the Cure of Smoky Chimneys.
I, JOHN DICKSON of 28 South Castle Street Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHIMNEY-TOPS FOR THE PREVENTION OF DOWN DRAUGHTS AND THE
CURE OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS to be as follows:―
My Invention consists in the construction of Chimney-tops with arms or branches
issuing from, or connected with the trunk or shaft and converging upwards in such
manner that their upper orifices may be near to and opposite to each other and be
in parallel vertical planes.
In order to obtain the necessary degree of upward convergence the arms or
branches or junctions therewith, are made to first diverge to some extent from the
trunk of the Chimney-top.
The trunk is so covered at the top as not to lead directly into the atmosphere,
but to first lead into the arms or branches. The arms may also be extended
downwards below the line of divergence from the trunk and have each an orifice
opening in a horizontal plane at the lower extremity of the arm.
The upper orifices may be surrounded or partly surrounded each with a rim or
belt having one of its sides in the same plane as the orifice.
The arms or branches are tubular, their number should be preferably two and
they may be of any suitable shape as for instance round, square, or polygonal and
of any suitable material as for instance Earthenware, Zinc or Sheet-iron and they
(and their junctions with the trunk if any, also tubular) may diverge and converge
in right lines and preferably so as shewn for example in the accompanying
Drawing; or they may diverge and converge in curves (in which case the lower
orifices are not so applicable) or in any suitable combination of right lines and
curves. The diameter of the converging arms or branches, their length and the
distance between their upper orifices may be varied according to circumstances.
I find respectively a diameter of about six inches, a length of about two feet and a
distance apart at the top of about three inches to be suitable in many cases.

page_text: The accompanying drawing shews a section of a chimney-pot according to my
invention as an example in which the arms or branches converge in right lines.
A is the trunk of the chimney-top.
B. B. Arms diverging from the shaft or junction between the converging arms
and the shaft.
C. C. The arms or branches converging upwards.
C₁ C₁ The said arms or branches continued downwards.
D. D. The upper orifices.
E. E. The rims round the upper orifices.
F. F. The lower orifices.
Currents of wind blowing directly downwards from over an adjacent higher
building or from impinging upon any adjacent higher surface-common causes of
smoky chimneys-will not enter this chimney-top, but will pass through the space
between the upper orifices; this will also be the case with horizontal currents
blowing in the direction of the aperture between the orifices whilst currents of
wind blowing in other horizontal or in oblique directions will be prevented entirely
or almost entirely, from entering either orifice, owing to the protection afforded
thereto by the opposite arm, with or without the rim thereon.
In the event however of any wind being able to enter either arm it would pass
out at the lower orifice, where the latter is provided, and would carry with it any
smoke which might be entering that arm from the chimney; and it is evident that the
same current of wind could not also at the same time blow into or down the other
or opposite arm which latter would thus be unobstructed and free to allow of the
egress of smoke by way of that arm upwards.
Under ordinary circumstances, with lower orifices, air would enter therein and
meeting with hot air from the chimney would become rarified. This would create
an upward current which would pass outwards at the upper orifices carrying any
smoke with it and thus aiding the natural draught of the chimney.
Having now described the nature of my invention I declare that what is novel
is the construction of chimney-tops with arms or branches converging upwards, so
that their upper orifices may be near to and opposite to each other and be in
parallel vertical planes, the whole being arranged in the manner as substantially
set forth herein.

page_text: An Invention for Improvements in Chimney-tops for the Pre-
vention of Downdraughts and the Cure of Smoky Chimneys.
I, HUMPHREY CRAUSTOUN DICKSON, Executor of the late John Dickson of
28 South Castle Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster Merchant, do heroby
declare the nature of this invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY-TOPS FOR
THE PREVENTION OF DOWN-DRAUGHTS AND THE CURE OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention consists in the construction of Chimney-tops with arms or branches
issuing from, or connected with the trunk or shaft and converging upwards in
such manner that their upper orifices may be near to and opposite to each other
and be in parallel vertical planes.
In order to obtain the necessary degree of upward convergence, the arms or
branches or junctions therewith, are made to first diverge to some extent from the
trunk of the Chimney-top.
The trunk is so covered at the top as not to lead directly into the atmosphere.
but to first lead into the arms or branches. The arms may also be extended
downwards below the line of divergence from the trunk and have each an orifice
opening preferably in a horizontal plane at the lower extremity of the arm.
The upper orifices may be surrounded or partly surrounded each with a rim or
belt having one of its sides in the same plane as the orifice.
The arms or branches are tubular, their number should be preferably two, and
they may be of any suitable shape as for instance round square or polygonal and
of any suitable material as for instance Earthenware, Zinc or Sheet-iron and they
(and their junctions with the trunk, if any, also tubular) may diverge and converge
in right lines and preferably so, as shewn for example in the accompanying
Drawing; or they may diverge and converge in curves (in which case the lower
orifices are not so applicable) or in any suitable combination of right lines and
curves. The diameter of the converging arms or branches, their length and the
distance between their upper orifices may be varied according to circumstances;
I find respectively a diameter of about six inches, a length of about two feet and
a distance apart at the top of about three inches to be suitable in many cases.
The accompanying Drawing shows a section of a chimney-pot according to my
invention as an example in which the arms or branches converge in right lines.
A is the trunk of the Chimney-top.
B. B. Arms diverging from the shaft or junction between the converging arms
and the shaft.
C. C. The arms or branches converging upwards.
C₁ C₁ The said arms or branches continued downwards.
D. D. The upper orifices.
E. E. The rims round the upper orifices.
F. F. The lower orifices.
Currents of wind blowing directly downwards from over an adjacent higher
building or from imninging upon and adiacent higher surface-common causes of

page_text: smoky chimneys-will not enter this chimney-top, but will pass through the space
between the upper orifices; this will also be the case with horizontal currents
blowing in the direction of the aperture between the orifices whilst currents of
wind blowing in other horizontal or in oblique directions will be prevented
entirely, or almost entirely, from entering either orifice, owing to the protection
afforded thereto by the opposite arm with or without the rim thereon.
In the event however of any wind being able to enter either
it would pass
arm,
out at the lower orifice, where the latter is provided, and would carry with it any
smoke which might be entering that arm from the chimney, and it is evident that
the same current of wind could not also at the same time blow into or down, the
other or opposite arm, which latter would thus be unobstructed and free to allow
of the egress of smoke by way of that arm upwards.
Under ordinary circumstances with lower orifices, air would enter therein and
meeting with hot air from the chimney would become rarified. This would create
an upward current which would pass outwards at the upper orifices carrying any
smoke with it and thus aiding the natural draught of the chimney.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The construction of Chimney-tops with arms or branches converging upwards, so
that their upper orifices may be near to and opposite to each other and be pre-
ferably in parallel vertical planes, the whole being arranged in the manner as
substantially set forth herein.
BRIERLEY H. COLLINS,
Agent for Applicant.