IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1875

page_text: Generating Steam.
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(This Invention received Provisional Protection only.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION, left by Robert Chapman Anderson,at
en the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on
the 5th March 1875.
by a poking a st
071 ROBERT CHAPMAN ANDERSON, of Finchley, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM,' be
as follows: rm of
:
.
"
In carrying out my Invention I adapt to each of the two flat ends of
an ordinary tubular boiler, whether, the same be what is usually termed a
horizontal or vertical boiler a closing plate which will exclude the outer
air, and will leave sufficient space between the plate and the ends of the
tubes to form an air chamber, with which the fluc tubes of the boiler.
are in direct communication. Each of tliese closing plates is pierced on
the outside of the boiler by an aperture of such size as to admit of the
insertion of an air flue, which is in free communication with a hot air
chamber, the air flues being so connected with the end closing plates of
the boiler as to form air-tight joints. Each of these air flues is carried
round clear.of.the sides or ends of the boiler until both exactly face cach
other at opposite ends, a certain distance being maintained between
.
17

page_text: their ends, which are made trumpet mouthed. These trumpet mouths
are each closed by a plate in a similar manner to the closing plates on
the boiler already described, but are pierced with a certain number
of holes for the insertion of a series of small tubes so as to form through
their tubes a direct communication between the two large fluc tubes,
and to the entire exclusion of the outer air. These small tubes are
entirely surrounded or enclosed by a cylindrical shaped cover or fluc
large enough to enclose them all with a certain margin of space
between the inner surface of the cylindrical cover and the nearest tubes.
This cylinder is attached at its two ends respectively to the trumpet
mouths of the air flues so as to form a hot air chamber distinct in
itself and having no connection whatever with the air circuit already
mentioned. Under this chamber or in another immediately attached to
it is a fire-place in which the fuel will be placed. An aperture is also
made in the top of the air chamber to pass off by a chimney the
heated air and smoke generated by the consumption of the fuel in the
fire-pláce.
The entire apparatus just described forms with the tubes, of the boiler
a complete circuit for hot air which is free to move continuously round
and round within its assigned limits only, and has no connection whatever
with the outer air. To cause the hot air to circulato rapidly through
tho apparatus a fan is adapted to one of the air flues already mentioned,
so that whilst creating the requisite amount of circulation it shall have
no communication whatever with the outer air. This fan may be worked
by the engine or by hand power.
°.
The fuel when lit in the fire-place communicates its heat to the scries
of small tubes in the hot air chamber above mentioned, and these tubes
in their turn communicate the heat to the air contained inside them.
This heated air by means of the fan is drawn or forced through the
tubes of the boiler, and in its passage imparts a portion of its heat to the
water in the boiler, but is again heated on its return to the tubes in the
air chamber, and which are in immediate contact with the hot gases
giving off from the fire-place. To allow for the expansion of the air in
the apparatus a large safety valve is fitted on cach air fluc close to the
boiler. These valves at the same time are intended to form the means
of escape to the steam in the event of any of the boiler tubes collapsing,
as sometimes happens through some hidden flaw or weakness in the tubes
of boilers of this class.

page_text: The entire outer surface of the boiler and apparatus is encased with
packing or covering of such a nature as to prevent as far as possible tho
radiation of the heat generated, so that by the use of these combined
means a greater economy of fuel will be the result compared with the
ordinary mode adopted of allowing the heated air and gases to pass from
the fire through the tubes of the boiler as is usual. Moreover tho
destructive action of the fire on the boiler and tubes is entirely avoided,
and the consequent danger and loss to human life and property, which
would be certain to occur in the event of an explosion, from this cause is
altogether removed.!