IM- GRAVED MLQUIVERY BAD CONDENSING AND DRAWING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clissold, of Cainscross, near Stroud, in
the County of Gloucester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
GRAVED MLQUIVERY BAD CONDENSING AND DRAWING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES.”
Sealed the 24th December 1872, and dated the 9th July 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clissold at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th July 1872.
I, WILLIAM CLISSOLD, of Cainscross, near Stroud, in the County of
Gloucester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CONDENSING AND DRAWING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved machinery, whereby I am enabled
to condense and draw fibrous substances with facility at one and the
same operation.
In general I propose to operate upon the sliver as it comes in the
form of ribbons off the carding engine; and in describing the Invention

page_text: •
.
I will suppose it to be applied to a carding engine. The condensing
and drawing I effect by means of sets or series of rotating discs, which
may be furnished on their faces with leather friction surfaces. The
discs are fitted at equal distances apart on pairs of horizontal shafts,
which shafts are so arranged with regard to each other that the discs on
one shaft of the pair will project into the spaces between the discs on
the other shaft of the pair, thus the discs will overlap each other; and it
is between the overlapping portions that the sliver is acted upon to
condense it whilst passing through the first set, and to draw the fibres
while passing through the second and following sets. The pairs of shafts
with their discs are mounted one behind the other at the delivery end of
the carding engine near to and parallel with the stripper roller. The
slivers as they leave the stripper are passed between a pair of conducting
rolls on their way to the condensing discs. These rolls may be kept
clean by the traverse over and under them of an endless band running
parallel with the axles of the rolls. The upper and lower lines of discs
are driven in opposite directions, so as to take up the slivers and carry
them forward, at the same time rolling them between their friction
surfaces. Each succeeding set of discs will be driven at an increasing
speed, so that while the first set simply condenses the slivers the others
will also draw the fibres, and prepare the same for spinning. The fibres,
on leaving the condenser may be received on to spools ready for trans-
ference to spinning machinery. Or the condensing and drawing
machinery just described may form part of the spinning machinery, and
serve in place of the ordinary holding and drawing rolls to deliver the
fibres directly to the spinning mechanism.
"The condensing and drawing machinery may also be arranged when
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Clissold in the Great Seal Patent Office 30
on the 9th January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLISSOLD, of Cainscross, near Stroud, in the County of Gloucester,
Engineer, send grecting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Clissold, Her special licence that I,
the said William Clissold, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William Clissold, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
CONDENSING AND DRAWING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Clissold, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clissold, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say) :-
This Invention relates to improved machinery, whereby I am enabled
to condense and draw fibrous substances with facility at one and the
same operation.
In general I propose to operate upon the sliver as it comes in the
form of ribbons off the carding engine; and in describing the Invention
I will suppose it to be applied to a carding engine. The condensing
and drawing I effect by means of sets or series of rotating discs covered
on their faces with leather or other material that will constitute a good
friction surface. The discs are secured at equal distances apart on. a
pair of horizontal shafts, which shafts are so arranged with regard to
each other that the discs on the one shaft will project into the spaces

page_text: between the discs on the other shaft of the pair. Thus the lines of discs
will interlock, and it is between the interlocking portions that the sliver
is acted upon to condense and draw the fibres while passing between the
discs.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a vertical section of an
arrangement of condensing and drawing apparatus for operating upon
the ribbons of fibres as they are stripped from the doffer roller of the
carding engine, and Fig. 2 shews in vertical section a modified form of
the condensing and drawing apparatus, the sliver being taken from
spools supplied thereto.
In Fig. 1 A is the doffer roller; B, the stripper; C, a clearer; and D
a grooved roller for dividing or separating the slivers on their passage to
a pair of rubbing aprons E. This roller D is shewn in partial plan
view at Fig. 1. The rubbing aprons E are endless aprons stretched
over tension rollers, which rotate in the direction of the arrows, and are
thereby caused to carry forward the slivers, which are led between the
aprons. By giving these rollers a reciprocating endway motion in the
manner common to condensing machinery a slight amount of tenacity
will be imparted to the slivers suitable for preparing them for the
drawing action of the friction discs. The slivers, as they leave the
aprons, pass between a pair of guide rollers F, and thence down to the
discs G, which are mounted on horizontal shafts set parallel to each other,
as shewn in the partial plan view, Fig. 1b. The discs on the two shafts,
it will be seen, are so arranged with respect to each other that a space is
left between them just sufficient to admit the slivers between them, and
allow of their passing without being torn or broken. These discs I face
with leather or other material that will, during the rapid rotation of the
discs, put a sufficient friction on the slivers to effect the required drawing
and condensation of the fibres. The slivers as they leave the discs are
led under a guide bar H, and they are then laid upon spools I, I', in the
usual manner of spooling.
In the arrangement shewn at Fig. 2, which illustrates the application
of the Invention to the condensing and drawing of spooled slivers two
sets or series of friction discs are employed. The slivers as they
severally leave the spools K pass between guide rollers L to a pair of
friction discs M, which discs serve to condense the slivers, and deliver
them to guide rolls N. The slivers then pass severally through a pair

page_text: of friction discs O, which serve further to condense and to draw the
sliver. This result I attain by driving the discs O at a greater speed
than the discs M. The relative and actual speeds of these discs will be
readily determined by the experienced spinner, their amount depending
on the material employed and the quality of yarn required. The drawn
fibres on leaving the discs O pass under a guide bar P to spools Q
below, on to which they are wound in the usual manner ready for trans-
ference to spinning machinery.
.
If desired the condensing and drawing machinery just described
may form part of the spinning machinery, and serve in place of the
ordinary holding and drawing rolls to deliver the fibres directly to the
spinning mechanism. This arrangement is also illustrated at Fig. 2,
where R represents the situation of the spindles and flyers for operating
on the fibres as they leave the discs O. When this arrangement is
adopted the acting surfaces of the discs must be properly spaced to suit
the number of spindles intended to be supplied with drawn sliver.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improved
Machinery for Condensing and Drawing Fibrous Substances," and
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be
understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim,
subjecting slivers or ribbons obtained from the carding engine to the
action of rotating discs arranged and operating in the manner and for the
purpose above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clissold, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Seventh day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
WILLIAM CLISSOLD. (L.S.)