Improvements in or connected with Lavatories and Water Closets.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Oct, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 5th July, 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lavatories and Water Closets.
We, EDWIN JAMES PRESTON of the firm of .J. Stone and Company of Deptford
in the County of Kent and FREDERIC GEORGE SISON HAM in the employ of
the said firm, Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
These improvements mainly refer to the supply of water to lavatories and water-
closets and to the efflux therefrom with the view to economy in the manufacture,
the prevention of waste of water, the facilities for fixing and sanitary cleanliness.
For the purpose of supplying water to lavatory basins in a simple and economical
inanner we provide a supply cistern of a size suitable for one charge and with a
syphon pipe having its inlet near the bottom of the cistern and the down or outlet
pipe passing through the said bottom while the ball cock for charging the cistern is
arranged somewhat above the bend or discharge level of the syphon. By this
means when the tap or valve at the wash basin is opened the contents of the cistern
may be run into the wash basin thus preventing waste of water especially if the
syphon and down pipe are of sensibly larger diameter than the bore of the ball
cock as the syphon will not act again for a few moments or until the cistern is full.
The person holding the tap or valve will thus naturally close the same when he
finds that no more water is to be obtained. As applied to a range of lavatory basins
each may have such a separate supply cistern of a size suitable for one charge or
one large cistern may be used divided into similar compartments one for each basin
and each having a syphon with ball cock arranged as described. Sometimes we
provide a selfacting flushing cistern. The basin taps may be of the ordinary kind
or if preferred self closing valves may be provided in the latter case the method of
using self closing valves in connection with the supply cisterns before referred to
will prevent concussion. The basin or basins are provided with overflow formed on
the side of and in the basin at or about the usual water level and being an open
pipe is carried vertically to the waste to allow for cleansing and also waste
appliances which join below and by preference are trapped towards the drain.
Similar means of water supply are applicable to water closets, the aforesaid down
pipe from the syphon leading to the inlet side of the supply valve as for instance
the one generally used for "house closets" whereby when the handle is raised the
contents of the supply cistern are caused to be run into the closet. When the
contents of the cistern have been discharged into the closet the water stops flowing
and the person holding the handle will naturally release it and thus waste will be
prevented.
.
This arrangement may be applied to valve closets and also to the valveless wash
out closets the size of the down pipe from the syphon being materially enlarged.
For such closets and especially in the case of the so called cottage closet having a
basin gradually tapered down and formed with a trap or water seal with lateral or
vertical outlet, the whole generally made of carthenware we prefer to fit the same
with flanged outlet and with a short length of straight or bent flanged lead pipe the
lower end of which can be easily soldered to the usual soil pipe. It is of the
greatest importance that these joints should be sound in order to prevent escape of
sewer gas from the drain and a plumber has not so much difficulty in this case in
soldering lead to lead or lead to iron but there is always a danger of the joint with
earthenware being broken or rendered leaky. The aforesaid piece of lead pipe
gives the desired slight flexibility and ensures tight joints in all cases.
Dated this 5th der of Ortho 1001

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lavatories and Water Closets.
I EDWIN JAMES PRESTON of the firm of J. Stone and Company of Deptford in
the County of Kent and FREDERIC GEORGE SISON HAM in the employ of the
said firm Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
These improvements mainly refer to the supply of water to lavatories and water
closets and to the efflux therefrom with the view to economy in the manufacture,
the prevention of waste of water and the avoiding of escape of sewer gas from the
drain side.
For the purpose of supplying water to lavatory basins in a simple and economical
manner, we provide a supply cistern of a size suitable for one charge and with a
syphon pipe having its inlet near the bottom of the cistern and the down or outlet
pipe passing through the said bottom, while the ball cock for charging the cistern
is arranged somewhat above the bend or discharge level of the syphon, the bore of
or passage through the ball cock being by preference sensibly smaller than that of
the syphon and down pipe, the latter being provided at the basin with a suitable
tap or valve by preference self closing. The basin is provided with overflow and
waste appliances which join below and by preference are trapped towards the
drain.
Figure of the accompanying drawings is a front view partly in section of
two adjoining lavatory basins constructed as described and Figure 2 a sectional side
view.
The supply cistern A is of a size suitable for one charge and placed or supported
in any convenient manner above the lavatory basin B. The cistern A is provided
with a syphon CD of the form shown or any other suitable form (it might for
instance be annular). The down pipe D passes through the bottom of the cistern
and is continued to the basin B where it terminates in a self closing or other valve
or cock E. By the use of a self closing valve concussion is to a great extent
prevented. The ball cock F is arranged somewhat above the bend of the
syphon C D and the bore of the latter is as here shown and as preferred sensibly
larger than the bore of or passage through the ball cock. The basin B is provided
with overflow pipe G open at top and waste pipe H which join below in one pipe
which by a trap bend I communicates with the pipe K and the pipe L to the drain.
A cap M is also fitted to give access to pipe for cleansing. By means of the
construction and arrangement described the contents of the cistern A will when
the valve E at the wash basin B is open at once empty itself into the basin through
the syphon and down pipe C D without any waste because the syphon cannot act
again for a few moments or until the ball cock has filled the cistern to the level
above the bend of the syphon. These moments will be longer, the smaller the bore
of the ball cock is as against that of the syphon and down pipe. The person
holding the tap or valve will thus naturally close the same when he finds that no
more water is to be obtained.
As applied to a range of lavatory basins each may have a separate supply cistern
of a size suitable for one charge or one large or long cistern may be used divided
up into similar compartments one for each basin and each having a syphon with ball
cock arranged as described.
Figure 3 is a front view partly in section and Figure 4 side view partly in
section illustrating the application of the invention to water closets, the example
here chosen being one of the so-called valveless washdown closets but the invention
is equally applicable to cottage closets and to valve closets. The syphon and down
pipe C D in the cistern A terminate at the water closet pan B in a valve E which
is operated by the handle E¹ in the usual manner by, rod and lever connection.
1

page_text: F is the ball cock which is placed above the level of the syphon and with a sensibly
smaller passage through it than that of the syphon for the purpose stated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. A supply cistern made of a size suitable for one charge to a lavatory or
water closet and provided with a syphon and down pipe and tap or valve for
discharge into the lavatory or water closet, the said cistern being fitted with a ball
cock above the level of the syphon and by preference of sensibly smaller bore or
through passage than that of the syphon whereby when the valve is opened the
contents of the cistern are emptied into the lavatory or water closet and the syphon
cannot act again until the ball cock has again filled the cistern to the level above
the bend of the syphon so that the person holding the tap or valve will
naturally close it and waste of water be prevented substantially as described and
shown.
.
Second. In connection with lavatory basins the combination of the waste and
overflow open at top with a pipe leading to a trapped drain pipe substantially as.
described and shown.
1
1000
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.