Year: 1888

page_text: L, JOHN PATTERSON KENNEDY, of 716 East 13th Street in the City of New York in
the County and State of New York, United States of America Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
This invention consists in an improvement in power hammers, adapted to close and
finish the ends of metal tubes, by welding the metal upon itself.
The objects of my invention are:-
1. To furnish improved means for welding by machinery, in a thorough and
efficient manner, the ends of tubes of metal.
2. To provide a means for closing the ends of metal tubes, by which the metal
at the end where the greatest strain or wear is sustained, is made of uniform greater
thickness.
3. To provide machinery whereby a metal tube may be closed far more rapidly
and at much less cost than by hand, or other existing means.
4. To provide means for finishing, in a neat and uniform manner. and at
little expense, the heads of tubes of metal, after the same have been closed by
urachinery.
My invention is adapted to be applied to any efficient power hammer. The method
of its use is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1, represents a vertical section through the anvil block or frame, from front
to rear, showing my invention applied.
Figure 2, represents a front elevation of the anvil of a power hammer, with my
invention applied.
Figure 3, shows a tube as welded and finished by use of my invention.
Figure 4, is a plan view of the anvil block, showing my attachments.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
In the drawings, Figure 1, E, is the frame clamped into position in the place
usually occupied by the anvil-block, and G, the chamber in which the mandrel A¹ and
the tube A are operated. F, indicates the die in place of usual hammer-block, to
work over end of tube and mandrel. Cand D, indicate levers and c, a lever arm.
Lever C, connects with rock-shaft c' to which is fixed the lever arm c, and the latter

page_text: •
connects, by link
rock-shaft d
to lugs on under side of block B. Lever D, connects with
Band B', indicate the two jaws, through which the mandrel is inserted and which
divide, the one B sliding, as required, and the other remaining fixed, as shown in
Figures 1 and 4. The jaw B is provided with lateral flanges which fit in side grooves
in top of frame in which it slides.
The manner of operating the invention is as follows
--
The heavy frame of iron E, is set vertically and firmly clamped into place in the
position usually occupied by the anvil-block in a power-hammer. The mandrel A¹ is
provided with an elongated bolt hole, through which bolt, is passed for pivotally
securing it to the frame. The mandrel is placed directly under the centre of the head
which contains the cupped die F. This die block is capable of adjustment forward
and backward, and the head of the hammer has a side adjustment, so that the die
may be made to strike, ou the exact point desired. The upper end of the mandrel
is rounded and flattened to something less than a spherical form, while the dic F, is
shaped to admit half a sphere, which arrangement permits increased thickness of
metal in the head of the tube.
The lever C, being drawn forward, the block B, is, by the same action, thrown
forward, leaving the mandrel A¹ free to be drawn over into the position shown by the
dotted lines.
In this position, the tube A, having its head first heated to the proper temperature,
is slipped over the mandrel, the lever C, moving the block B is thrown back, carrying
the mandrel with its enveloping tube against the stationary block B. The lower end
of the tube is supported upon the forked lever d. The hammer is now started, and
with a few rapidly recurring blows of the die the tube is brought to the proper
shape. The difference in the shape of the die and upper end of mandrel, causes the
tube to be thicker at the end than elsewhere, according to desire.
The hammer is now stopped and the lever. C brought over, so as to bring the
mandrel and its tube to the position indicated by the dotted lines; the lever D, is
brought over also, in its movement raising the tube from the mandrel by the forked
lever d, and freeing it in such manner as to admit of its being readily lifted off with
a pair of tongs.
If it be desired to head a shorter tube than those ordinarily operated upon, a sleeve
of sufficient length to extend from the top of the lever d, to the lower end
of the tube to be welded, is slipped over the mandrel, and used while the shorter
length tube is being worked. By means of sleeves of varying lengths, tubes of any
length desired may be worked. It is evident that the frame and chamber for
holding the tube can be made of any length .desired, so that long tubes, may be
operated upon.
A small jet of water is played upon the mandrel when necessary to prevent over-
heating, and by throwing a jet upon the hot end of the tube, or into the die during
the process of welding, and subjecting the head, when partly cooled, to slight ham-
mering with the cupped die, the scale is removed and the head assumes a smoothi
finished appearance, almost as if it had been polished. By this device, tubes can be
closed more certainly, uniformly, and rapidly, as well as more cheaply than by hand;
at the same time, owing to the compactness of the machinery, great economy of space
is effected and less shop room required.
Different sizes of mandrels, dies, sliding blocks, etc., suitable for all sizes of tubes,
may be manufactured and kept on hand, and the simplicity of the device admits of
quickly changing it to meet varying demands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a machine for closing the Ends of Tubes the combination with the hammer,
of an Anvil Block having a Chamber, a Mandrel placed vertically in said chamber,
and the means for operating the Mandrel, as described.

page_text: 2. In a Machine for Closing the Ends of Tubes, the combination with the hammer
of a Chambered Anvil-block, a vertical mandrel pivotally bolied at its lower end in
the chamber of the block and a sliding jaw in the top of the block whereby the
mandrel may be supported in a vertical position under the hammer head.
3. In a Machine for Closing the Ends of Metal Tubes, the combination with the
Chambered Anvil-block and mandrel pivotally secured therein, of a forked lever
embracing the mandrel and a lever for moving the mandrel in the chamber of the
anvil-block, as described.
4. In a Machine for Closing the ends of Tubes, the combination with the hammer-
block having a die adapted to work over a mandrel, of a chambered anvil-block,
a mandrel placed vertically therein, a forked lever for raising a tube on the mandrel,
and a lever connecting with a sliding jaw in the top of the anvil, as and for tho
purpose described.
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