Improvements in Non-heat-conducting Coverings, applicable for Steam Pipes, Boilers, Refrigerators, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Dec.. 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 18th Nov., 1895
IONAL TICATION.
Improvements in Non-heat-conducting Coverings, applicable for
Steam Pipes, Boilers, Refrigerators, and the like. :
1, SIMEON SIMON of 2 Townfield Lane Liscard in the County of Chester, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The principal coverings for steam boilers at the present time are cements and
mineral wool or silicate cotton as it is sometimes termed, also to a certain extent,
asbestos, cork and other substances. If the asbestos however be made up in sheets
in the usual manner, it is not sufficiently porous to be a good non conductor,
while if put on loose, it requires sheathing. Furthermore both loose asbestos and
still more mineral wool or silicate cotton are liable to break and sink down, also in
the case of the silicate cotton, fine particles get free, and get into the bearings.
Now my invention is designed to make a porous covering consisting almost
entirely of asbestos or like mineral material, and yet be free from the above
objections.
I form a cloth of asbestos, and on this cloth attach on one side a series of flat
segments of fibrous loose asbestos formed with slightly wedge shaped cuts or hiati
between each segment, so that the whole can be bound round the pipe, and the two
segments come together without crushing. In order to keep the loose asbestos in
place, I wind round the whole, asbestos yarn in any desirable manner, or sew the
segments to the asbestos cloth or backing, with asbestos yarn. The threads of
yarn can be parallel, or crossing each other, or both, and be longitudinal;
transverse, or oblique. Over the entire surface of these segments, and sometimes
of the backing also I spread a thin layer of a soluble silicate, or other mineral
paint, or piginent Inot acted on by the heat used, and of sufficiently tough
character not to break with usage. Sheets or lengths thus manufactured are
wound round or spread over the surface to be protected.
1.
It will be obvious that this invention can be varied in a variety of ways. In
place of being made entirely of asbestos, it can be mixed flexible cement and
asbestos, or there can be an asbestos backed cloth with silicate cotton segments or
silicate cotton backing with an asbestos covering, or I can even substitute cork or
other well known organic material in place of asbestos especially in the case of
non conductors for refrigerators. Further in place of asbestos cloth, especially for
refrigerators and the like, I could use ordinary cloth or canvass, and even when
made entirely of asbestos, the segments could be of mixed asbestos fibre, and
asbestos putty. The joints or laps, especially when asbestos cloth is used, are
preferably made with eyelets so as to prevent tearing it. Braiding and other
devices can also be used for covering the strip and segments..
Dated the 7th day of Daaamhan!1001

page_text: Improvements in Non-heat-conducting Coverings, applicable for
Steam Pipes, Boilers, Refrigerators, and the like.
I SIMEON SIMON of 80 Townfield Lane, Liscard, Liverpool do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The principal coverings for steam boilers are at the present time cements.of
Various kinds or mineral wool or silicate cotton as it is sometimes termed also to a
certain extent asbestos; cork and other substances. If the asbestos however be
made up in sheets in the usual manner it does not contain sufficient air spaces to be
a good non-conductor while if put on loose it requires sheathing and if made into
a paste, cement or mortar it loses to a great extent its non-conducting properties
baving few air spaces and further has to be applied in a wet state which causes loss
of time and mostly must be applied when the surfaces to be covered are warm
this is not the case with my covering which can be put on either a hot or a cold
surface. Furthermore both loose asbestos and still more mineral wool or silicate
cotton and all cements are liable to break into particles and dust and sink down,
such particles ultimately getting free and float in the air after which the covering
is rendered useless or destroyed.
Now my invention is designed to make a covering containing plenty of air cells
and consisting almost or entirely of asbestos or like material such as peat moss or
other organic substance having air spaces or cells and with non-conducting
properties and yet be free from the above objections.
I form a cloth A Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 and 6 of asbestos and on this cloth attach
on one side or if wished, in the middle a series of flat segments B. B. of fibrous
loose asbestos with slightly wedged shaped cuts or hiati C. C. between each
segment so that the whole can be bound or wrapped round the pipe, the segments
coming together without crushing. In making segments by my improved process
I not only retain the air that is in the fibre but add to it.
In order to keep the loose asbestos in place I surround it with asbestos yarn as a
net D in any desirable manner or sew the segments to the asbestos cloth or
backing with asbestos yarn or fasten the segments on to the backing with a soluble
silicate or other substance. The mesh or threads of the yarn can be parallel or
cross each other, or both, and be longitudinal, transverse or oblique. Over the
entire surface of these segments and sometimes of the hacking also I may spread
a thin layer of a soluble silicate or other analogous paint or pigment not acted on
by the heat or by damp or water or sun heat and of sufficient tough character_not
to break with usage. Sheets or lengths thus manufactured are wound round or
spread over the surface to be protected.
I may cover the segments with a shaped wrapper or envelope made of asbestos
paper or fine asbestos cloth to cover top, sides or bottom as convenient, this with
or without using the silicate.
It will be obvious that this invention can be varied in a variety of ways. Iu
place of being made entirely of asbestos it can be mixed with flexible cement, or
there can be an asbestos back cloth with silicate cotton segment or silicate cotton
backing with an asbestos covering or can even substitute a cork or other
organic material in place of asbestos, especially in the case of non-conductors for
refrigerators.
Further in place of asbestos cloth especially for refrigerators and the like
I could use ordinary cloth or canvas and even when made entirely of asbestos the
segments could be of mixed asbestos fibre and asbestos putty or asbestos in any
form mixed with manufactured peat moss.

page_text: The joints or laps especially when
with eyelets so as to prevent tearing.
for covering the strip and segment.
asbestos cloth is used, are preferably made
Braiding and other devices can also be used
The segments are so arranged on the backing that only one overlapping edge
is necessary instead of with two overlaps as with other kinds of canvas backings or
foundation.
This netting provides many air cells broken up into small lozenge and other
shaped recesses in which the air is confined in minute quantities and is prevented
from setting up convection currents.
Isecure the ends of the wrappings on the article so covered by asbestos
garters E or eyeletted tapes fastened with buckles F. F. hooks and eyes or in any
other way.
My non-conducting coverings made entirely from pure asbestos or its equivalent,
are always ready for use (no mixing required) can be put on and be taken off by a
boy, and removed from one place to another, are fire and acid proof, and so
practically indestructible, they cannot settle down and crumble into dust (a great
advantage in lining bulkheads and underdecks of ships as well as for all building
purposes) contain nothing to work into bearings etc. and so damage machinery ;
will stand any vibration without injury and so are specially valuable for marine,
locomotive, and traction engine work.
Can be used for outside work in pit shafts, mines etc.
It is made into sheets and bands of all required shapes ready for immediate use.
In thickness required, it is less than that of other non-conductors.
It is light, dry and clean, cannot injure metals or any other substances, is not
affected by expansion, contraction or shocks and cannot go bad in any climate.
The applications of my non-conducting material are manifold but is specially
suitable for steam boilers. Pipes and cylinders of steam engines, hot and cold
water pipes, tanks, cisterns.
Gas (wet) and water meters to prevent freezing blast and all other furnaces.
Exhaust pipes of gas and oil engines lining icehouses, abattoirs, refrigerators,
cooling stores for meat, butter, cheese, milk and all provisions generally brewery
cellars and wine rooms.
Packing bulkheads and underdecks on ship board.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The manufacture of a fabric as a wrapping or covering or cover for boilers,
pipes, refrigerators and the like said fabric being composed of a backing,
segmental facing, and meshed network as a body alone or in conjunction with a
preservative such as a silicate, as and for the purposes set forth.
2. A three ply fabric of asbestos, peat moss or the like consisting of a backing,
a loose sectional intermedia liner and an openworked face, the whole so combined
as to constitute a covering or wrapping for boilers, pipes, and the like as an anti-
radiator of heat and for refrigerators and the like for preventing the passage of
heat or cold thereto or therefrom as described and substantially as indicated by the
annexed drawings.
Dated thin 7th dow of October 1905
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said S. Simon.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said S. Simon.