Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 2nd Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 27th Sept., 1887.
Motion.
THOMAS DRAKE HOLLICK 26 Shore Road Hackney E. Engineer and WILLIAM
EDWARD RICKARD of 14 Strafford Street Millwall E. Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Any shaft or spindle which we wish to cause to revolve by our apparatus is
conveniently turned so that a collar or boss may be free to revolve on it. The collar
has a groove or grooves cut in it, parallel to the axis of the shaft; but circum-
ferentially inclined towards the shaft at one end and from it at the other end, or from
the shaft at the middle and towards it at both ends, or from the shaft at both ends
and towards it in the middle, or single grooves inclined in opposite directions for
convenience in reversing or stopping as hereafter described. Rollers are suitably
fitted in said grooves, so that they are free to roll on the shaft circumferentially
between the shaft and top of groove in collar, and when in the position in which the
curve of the groove in the collar is inclined from the shaft, they are loose between
the shaft and the top of the grooves, and when in the position in which the top of
grooves is inclined towards the shaft, they fit tightly between the shaft and top of
grooves in collar.
It will be seen that supposing the shaft to be stationary and the collar to be moved
round it in one direction, the rollers will by that motion be rolled towards the end of
the groove, where they are loose between the shaft and the collar and will revolve
without the shaft: if now the collar be moved in the opposite direction round the
shaft, the rollers will be rolled into the part where they fit tightly between shaft and
collar, the shaft will be gripped and will revolve with the collar-Two or more of
these moved backwards and forwards alternately cause a continuous regular rotary
motion.
Instead of moving the collar to turn the shaft, the shaft may be used to turn the
collar and one or more grooves or rollers may be used as may be found convenient
and the form of the shaft and collars may be varied to suit different circumstances or
when the rollers are either cylindrical conical spherical or oval.

page_text: To obtain the backwards and forwards motion, eccentrics, cranks, cams, or any
other convenient method may be adopted, actuating arms or pieces being attached
conveniently to collars.
The following is a convenient arrangement:
The collar has an arm or other convenient means of exerting power formed on it,
the other end being opened out so as to form two prongs or arins, on each of said
arms or prongs a roller may be suitably arranged preferably adjustible-On the
shaft from which we wish to take our power, a disc of suitable thickness and diameter
"drunken
is provided, so that it does not run true sideways, commonly called a
disc" or wheel," the prongs of the arm of the collar come each side of the disc and
the motion of the disc sideways, caused by the shaft revolving pulls the arm back-
wards and forwards-By placing another arm on the opposite diameter of the disc,
actuating another collar, a continuous and regular rotary motion of the shaft on which
the two said collars are will be obtained-The collars and arms may be made
adjustible sideways either automatically or otherwise towards and from each other
that is towards and from the centre of the disc-It will be seen that when they are
near the centre of the disc, there will be much less movement of the arms and
consequently greater power, with a reduced speed, and when separated so that the
prongs are near the outside of the disc there will be more movement and less power.
One or more sets of collars, arms and drunken discs may be used as convenient.
Two discs facing one another may be used and the arm fixed to the collar may be
single, working in between them.
A preferable mode of stopping or reversing the motion of the apparatus is as
follows: In the case of a groove which is inclined from the shaft at the middle and
towards it at both ends, we may use a suitable pin or bar, preferably having a taper
point, which enters the groove and is so that it keeps the roller on one side of it.
The ends of the rollers may be made to take into suitable slots or connected in any
other convenient way with a reversing lever. When the pin is withdrawn, the roller
may be moved into the middle, for stopping, or to the opposite end of groove on the
other side of the pin, for reversing. In order to keep a slight pressure on the pin, so
as to keep the roller continually up to its work, we may fit a small spring to it. The
action may be automatic and the rollers and pin connected-and the same principle
may be applied to any number of grooves and to work independently or collectively.
The disc or discs may be driven by a clutch so that the gear may be stopped by
disconnecting the same.
This invention is suitable in various forms of transmission of power manual and
otherwise specially where a reduction of speed is required, as in the case of electro-
motors, which run economically at a high speed. It will also be noticed that
on it to be connected to an electro-
supposing the shaft with the "drunken disc"
motor, the arms bearing on the disc may be arranged so that, when the motor is
starting they are near the centre of the dise and when the car, or boat, or whatever
it may be, is started, they may be moved to the outside of the disc, either automatically
or otherwise-By this means a considerable saving in weight and power of apparatus
may be effected over any present method and it also is a means of varying the speed
and economising the power.
In its application to winches, cranes, etc. etc. the gear may be applied as found
convenient usually connected direct between a crank shaft or first moving shaft and
the barrel shaft or other shaft. A brake wheel may be fitted in usual way where
required For foot power lathes the operator can do heavy work easily-In this case
it may be in the form of a clip round the shaft or spindle and the arm fixed direct to
the treadle.
The collar and roller part of the apparatus may be used for governing the speed of
machinery, by means of a flywheel Thus supposing a flywheel connected to a shaft,
we fit our roller gear to the boss of the pulley driving the shaft, so that the shaft is
driven by the rollers gripping it, as described above-Supposing now from any cause
there is a tendency in the driving pulley to run slower than its normal speed, then
the flywheel will carry the shaft round independently of the pulley by its own

page_text: momentum This form of governor will be found most suitable for gas engines and
apparatus driven by them such as dynamo electric machines, causing them to run
much steadier-The apparatus may be used instead of a ratchet brace or drilling
machine It may be used with or without the drunken disc for work either by hand
or power By this arrangement high or low speeds of drilling may be used without
the aid of back gearing.
The collar and roller apparatus may be used for Lawn Mowers, or any work where
wheels are required to run free in one direction, and when running in the opposite
direction, to take their shafts with them.
It is noticed that the thrust on the "drunken dise" will come endways on its
shaft.
On any shaft on which we require to take the end thrust we may provide on the
shaft a collar, or collars, or disc, with suitable grooves in its sides and balls to run in
said grooves and take their thrust from a suitable cap or caps with grooves corre-
sponding to grooves in collars, the balls running round, and taking the thrust with a
minimum of friction-When convenient the balls may be arranged to roll against the
end of the shaft. It will of course be understood that the caps are fixed to anything
sufficiently strong to take the thrust or they may form part of the bearing of the
shaft.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Transmission of Power or
Motion.
We,
THOMAS DRAKE HOLLICK of 26 Shore Road, Hackney E., Engineer, and
WILLIAM EDWARD RICKARD, of 14 Strafford Street, Millwall E., Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and accompanying drawing, (that is to say):-
:-
Our invention relates to apparatus for transmitting power or motion, as for instance
where it is required that a driving shaft set in revolution by any suitable power shall
set in revolution at a different speed another shaft actuating machinery of any kind.
In order to put our invention in operation, we make use of an arm or lever
actuating what is known as a silent feed or apparatus of the kind hereinafter described,
the arm being preferably pivotted in a guide at one end and at the other end attached
to the silent feed apparatus.
The shaft which it is desired to drive is turned truly cylindrical or has a cylindrical
dise fixed or formed upon it at a suitable point in its length, so that a loose concentric
collar or ring can fit and turn freely upon it.
This ring has one or more grooves formed in its interior circumference parallel to
the axis of the shaft but excentric or inclined circumferentially so that it is nearer to
the shaft at one end than at the other, or nearer to the shaft at both ends than at the
centre, or in some cases nearer at the centre and further at the ends.
Or, instead of a single groove, each may consist of two separate ones inclined in
opposite directions.
In the said grooves we fit rollers or friction pieces of sufficiently hard material,
arranged parallel with the shaft, so that they are free to roll or move on the shaft
circumferentially between the shaft and the top of the grooves, and when in the
position in which the curve of the groove is inclined from the shaft they are loose
between the shaft and the top of the groove, whilst when in the position in which the
curve of the grooves is inclined toward the shaft they fit tightly and are jammed
between the shaft and the top of the groove.
It is evident that if the shaft be stationary and the collar or ring be moved round it
in one direction the rollers will by such movement be rolled or moved toward the end
of the grooves where they are loose between the shaft and the collar or ring, and the
latter will revolve without moving the shaft. If the ring be turned round in the
opposite direction, the rollers will be moved or rolled into the part where they
fit tightly and are jammed between the shaft and the ring, and the shaft will be
gripped and will be turned round with the ring or collar. If two or more of the rings
or collars and rollers described be fitted upon the shaft and moved backward and
forward alternately the shaft will receive a continuous rotary motion. Instead of
moving the collar or ring to turn the shaft, the latter may be moved in order to turn
the ring.
One or more grooves and rollers or friction pieces may be used as may be found
convenient and the form and proportions of the shaft, or disc upon it, and rings o

page_text: collars, may be varied to suit different circumstances and the shape of the rollers
which may be cylindrical, conical, or spherical.
In order to produce the backward and forward oscillating movement of the ring
or collar, excentrics, cranks, cams, or other equivalent means may be used, actuating
arms or levers attached to the rings or collars.
In the accompanying drawing, which is in illustration of our invention a convenient
method of communicating this oscillating movement is shewn. Figure 1 is a cross
section through the shaft c which is to be driven, the driving shaft a being at right
angles to it. Figure 2 is a plan, and figure 3 an end view of the same. Figure 4 is
a detailed view of a groove and roller. Figure 5 is a plan of a somewhat modified
arrangement. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several
figures. e is the ring or collar, fitting freely upon a disc upon the shaft c, and k is a
double inclined groove in the ring, containing the roller l. An arm or lever is formed
upon the ring e as shewn, and carries at its upper end a friction roller i, which may
be made adjustable.
Upon the driving shaft a, which revolves in bearings b, we fix two inclined
discs d, d¹, between which the friction roller i fits freely. The discs are of suitable
thickness and diameter, and they do not run true but are inclined so as to form what
are well known as "drunken discs or wheels," so that by their revolution they cause
the arm e to move backward and forward. A second arm e¹, with ring, groove, and
roller, is arranged upon the opposite side of the inclined discs, so that the two arms
operate alternately, and a continuous revolution of the shaft e is thus obtained.
Instead of the inner parallel surfaces of the two discs being flat, they may be suitably
curved so that the arms are made to travel more quickly in one direction than the
other, their return or inoperative stroke being the quicker, and it is evident that
instead of two discs one may be used, the arm being forked and carrying a friction
wheel upon each side of the disc.
The collars and arms e, e¹, may be made adjustable in position upon the shaft as
shewn, so that they can be brought nearer together or separated, either automatically
by a governor, or by hand. In this way it is evident that when brought together
nearer to the centre of the discs there will be less movement or stroke of the arms
backward and forward, and greater power exerted upon the shaft c but with a reduced
speed, whilst if they are separated they will have a longer stroke with less power but
a greater speed of the shaft c.
In figures 1 and 2, the arms e, e¹, are shewn moved in the manner described by
means of a right and left handed screw r turning in nuts s, s', in bars t, t¹, carried by
the arms e, e¹, and turned by hand or other means so that the arms are separated or
brought together as desired. In figure 5, levers are shewn for the same purpose
instead of right and left handed screws.
In order to reverse the direction of rotation of the driven shaft c or to stop it,
without interfering with the movement of the driving shaft a, the roller or friction
piece (figures 1 and 4) is brought to one or other end of the inclined groove k, or to
its central wider part, as shewn in dotted lines.
For this purpose the roller may have central pins or axes at its ends which may
be carried in side plates indicated at m, m², and these plates may be moved as desired
in either direction by means of a lever or its equivalent (not shewn in the drawing),
the lever having sufficient play or elasticity to allow the short movement of the
rollers backward and forward when gripped between the shaft and the narrow end of
the grooves as already described. In figure 4 is shewn a pin or bar having an
inclined or tapered end which is pressed down by a spring so as to keep the roller
near either of the ends of the groove in which it may be, but so that when the roller
is moved to the other end (or to the centre) the pin or bar will be moved out of the
way and allow the roller to pass. The action may be automatic, and the rollers and
pin connected, and the same method of arrangement may be applied to any number
of grooves to work independently or together. The thrust upon the inclined disc or
discs d d is endways, and they may be provided with clutches so that they can be
thrown in or out of gear as desired.

page_text: Our invention is applicable to the transmission of power, manual or otherwise,
especially where a reduction of speed in the driven shaft is required, as for instance
where electro-motors are used which run economically at a high speed. In such a
case, for instance where an electro-motor is used for driving a tramcar, it will be evident
that supposing the driving shaft with the inclined disc or discs d, d¹, to be connected
with an electro motor, the arms e, e¹, may be adjusted so that when the motor is
starting they are nearer together-and to the centre of the discs, whilst when the car
is started they may be separate or moved toward the outside of the discs either
automatically or otherwise. In this way considerable saving of weight and power of
the apparatus may be effected as compared with apparatus as heretofore used, whilst
the speed can be varied and the power economized with great ease and readiness.
When our invention is to be applied to winches, cranes, or other such apparatus,
it may be arranged as found most convenient, for instance directly between a crank
shaft or driving shaft and the barrel or other shaft. A brake wheel may be fitted in
the usual way where desired. For foot power lathes, the operator can easily do heavy
work, the ring or collar being in such case fitted round the shaft or spindle of the
lathe, and the arm connected directly to the treadle.
The collar or ring, and roller or friction piece described may be used for governing
or regulating the speed of machinery by means of a fly wheel. For instance, if a
flywheel is connected to a shaft we fit our roller gear to the boss of the pulley
driving the shaft so that the latter is driven by the rollers gripping it as desired.
If from any cause the driving pulley runs more slowly than its normal speed, then the
flywheel will carry the shaft round independently of the pulley by its own momentum.
This method of arrangement is very suitable for gas engines and apparatus driven by
them such as electro-dynamo machines, causing them to run very steadily.
Our invention may be applied to innumerable purposes, such for instance as the
propulsion of boats by electricity, and we do not confine ourselves to the precise form
and arrangement of the several parts which may be varied more or less to suit varying
circumstances, but having now particularly described and ascertained the nature
of our said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare
that what we claim is:-
1. In apparatus for communicating roary motion from one shaft to another, the
combination of the driving shaft a, inclined disc or discs d, d¹, lever or levers e, e¹,
recess or recesses k, rollers or friction pieces 1, and shaft c, arranged and operating
substantially as described and shewn in the drawing.
2. The methods of causing the arms e, e¹ to approach or separate, substantially as
and for the purpose described and shewn in the drawing.
3. The recess k concentric with the shaft to be driven, but of greater depth at its
centre than at its end or ends, in combination with the roller or friction piece 1, for
the purpose of driving, reversing, or stopping the shaft c, substantially as described
and shewn in the drawing.
4. The combination of two recesses, inclined in opposite directions, with rollers or
friction pieces, so arranged that one roller is forced to the narrow end of the groove,
when the other is withdrawn, and vice versa, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
5. The use of inclined disc or discs having faces of irregular curve for the purpose
of communicating a variable movement to the arms e, e', substantially as and for the
purpose described.
Dated this 2nd day of August 1887.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Patentees.