IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS " BURNERS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Imray of No 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
"
BURNERS Communicated to him from Abroad by Charles Clamond of Paris
France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Imray at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1882.
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"
JOHN IMRAY of No 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS [Communicated to him from
Abroad by Charles Clamond of Paris France.]
This invention relates to a construction of gas burners in which the heat of the
flame or the products of combustion thereof is conveyed downwards by a central
metal rod or stem to the gas and air supply so as to raise the temperature thereof
before entering into combustion.
According to one arrangement for this purpose the gas supply enters a circular
chamber from which it passes through a perforated plate of ceramic material into
an annular space formed by two concentric metal tubes such space being closed at
top by a plate having a ring of holes through which the gas issues, in order to
enter into combustion with an air supply passing up the central space within the
inner tube, and also with a second air supply passing up through an annular
passage surrounding the outer tube. A metallic rod extends from the lower end
of the central space to above the top of the gas flame where it may be provided
with a disc or radia! bars for taking up the heat from the flame and conveying the
same downwards. Several rows of screwed pins pass transversely through the two
tubes forming the gas chamber and are made to press against the sides of the
central rod, so that the heat is conducted from the latter through such pins to the
tubes forming the gas chamber such heat being taken up both from the pins and
the tubes by the gas passing through, as also by the air passing up through the
central passage.
The air passing up through the outer passage is also heated by
contact with the outer tube of the gas chamber and with the projecting ends of the

page_text: pins. The tube forming the outer air passage, as also the glass chimney are carried
by a perforated disc or gallery fixed to the gas supply pipe
According to another modification the light is produced by incandescence of
refractory material. For this purpose the central air chamber is closed at top and
the air is caused to pass from the same through side holes into the annular gas
chamber in order to mix with the gas supply, which has already been intimately
mixed with a small quantity of air in a mixing chamber below into which the
gas and air enter through perforations. The mixed gas and air after taking up
heat from the sides of the chamber and the screwed pins as before described, issues
within a perforated cage or grating of refractory material situated at the top of
the burner which is heated to incandescence by the combustion.
According to another modification of this arrangement a portion of the air enters
through side holes in the gas supply pipe at the bottom of the burner and the
mixture passes up through a metal passage having an enlargement at top; from
this two or more tubes conduct the mixture into an upper annular chamber from
which it issues in a cylindrical jet, impinging upon a cage or grating of magnesia or
other refractory material. At the same time the heat is conducted downwards by
a central rod attached to the metal forming the lower gas passage and is conveyed
through the metal thereof to a number of discs of perforated metal or wire gauze
within a chamber formed of ceramic material surrounding the gas passage into
which chamber a further air supply enters from below, and after becoming heated
on its passage through the discs, is directed by a conical hood against the flame of
the burner so as to assist in its combustion. This arrangement is also applicable
as a burner acting without incandescent material, for which purpose no air supply
is admitted to the gas tube, the whole of the air supply being made to pass through
the chamber with perforated plates, whence it issues partly within the upper
annular gas chamber and partly between the outside of this and the conical
hood.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Imray in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th December
1882.
"
JOHN IMRAY of No 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the county of
Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS A communication to me from
abroad by Charles Clamond of Paris, France
This invention relates to the construction of gas burners of the kind in which
the heat of the flame or of the products of combustion is conveyed downwards by
a central metal rod or stem to the gas and air supply so as to raise the temperature
thereof before entering into combustion and thereby to insure increased brilliancy
of illumination.
Figs 1 and 3 of the accompanying drawings are vertical sections of one form of
burner according to this invention. Fig 2 is a sectional plan on XX Fig 1. A is
the central rod made of copper or other good conductor of heat, and extended
upwards a considerable distance above the flame, so as to receive heat from the
ascending products of combustion, which are confined within the glass chimney V
and directed more completely against the rod by giving a tapering form to the
chimney. At the top of the rod are fixed a set of spokes as shewn in the perspective
fig: 4 or a perforated disc as shewn in Fig 5 or any other convenient extension of
metallic surface exposed to the heat of the ascending products. The heat conducted
down by the rod A is conveyed by radiating screws C which press against the rod
and pass through the casings E and D of the air and gas passages. The gas supplied
by the pipe R passes by the branches into an annular chamber H whence it ascends
through a perforated ceramic plate F pass the screws C to the jet orifices b. Part
of the air for supplying the flame ascends the central passage and part ascends the
annular passage between the tube E and an outer tube M of ceramic or other badly
conducting material. The gas and air thus heated by passing the heated screws C
and the heated casings D and E produce great brilliancy of flame. The gallery S
which supports the chimney V has perforations to admit a current of air between
the glass and the casing M. According to the modification shewn in Fig 3 the gas
passes through holes m, in a perforated partition r in to the annular chamber H
and the central air supply passes through holes a in a tube T of refractory material
and mingles with the ascending gas, so that at the jet holes b there is combustion
of the mixture which heats to incandescence a grating or net work P of refractory
material. In the modified construction shewn in fig: 6 perforated discs p placed
within a ceramic casing D, are employed for conveying the heat to the air which
enters by orifices K. Conduction of heat from the burner is prevented or impeded
by a socket T of ceramic material. In the construction shewn in fig 7, the gas
supplied at M mixes with air admitted by the lateral orifices in the refractory
socket T, the mixture ascends the tube R and through several branch tubes to the
jet holes at S where it meets with additional heated air that passed up through the
perforated plates p and is directed against the flame by the surrounding cone. The
combustion of the mixture heats to incandescence a basket or network of magnesia
or other suitable refractory material suspended from a collar C on the rod A.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I
hereby declare that I make no general claim to the use in a gas burner of a
metallic rod or stem for conducting heat from the products of combustion down

page_text: to the gas or air on its way to the burner but I claim in respect of burners 80
arranged-
First The use of conducting screws C passing through the casings of the air and
gas channels and pressing against the conducting rod A substantially as herein
described with reference to figs: 1, 2 and 3.
Second-The use of the ceramic cases M and D and perforated ceramic plate F to
prevent dispersion of the heat from the bars of the burner.
Third: The. construction of burner wherein the combustion of a heated mixture
of gas and air is applied to heat refractory material to incandescence,
substantially as herein described with reference to Figs 3 and 7
In Witness whereof, I the said John Imray have hereunto set my hand and
seal this Eleventh day of December in the year of our Lord, one thousand,
eight hundred and eighty-two,
JOHN IMRAY (L.S.)