matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED METHOD OF DEPOSITING VARIOUS METALS ON LACE, NET, AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICKS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Henry Musgrave at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1880.
SAMUEL HENRY MUSGRAVE, 8, Middleton Road, Camden Road, Islington.
IMPROVED METHOD OF DEPOSITING VARIOUS METALS ON LACE, NET, AND OTHER
TEXTILE FABRICKS."
"AN
1. I prepare lace of silk, cotton, or wool by passing it through a bath composed
of oil of lavender, spirit, Iceland moss, glycerine, and water, partially dry the
fabrick, then pass through a bath of alumina, then dust on plumbago or any of the
various metals in powder.
2. For gold deposit a bath is prepared of terchloride of gold and pyrophosphite
of soda, into this solution the article is immersed.
3. For factitious gilding a bath of acetate of copper, liquid ammonia, sulphate of
zinc, potash, and cyanide of potassium is prepared, working with a brass anode and
active battery power.
4. For articles of great richness and heavy work I proceed as for No. 1, partially
dry, use a solution of oil of lavender, Canada balsam, glycerine, boiled oil, &
turpentine; with this solution I work the various metals in a state of powder into
the fabrick, then burnish the surface with dry powder.
5. The work being still porous I then dress the article with a solution of boiled
oil, turpentine, camphor, and gamboge.
6. I sometimes use a similar method as No. 4, and work the various metals, on
silks, satins, and other fabricks.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRYING AND DISINTEGRATING SCUTCH, EXCREMENTITIOUS, AND OTHER ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE REFUSE AND MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Higgins at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June 1880.
MICHAEL HIGGINS, of Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR DRYING AND DISINTEGRATING SCUTCH, EXCREMENTITIOUS,
AND OTHER ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE REFUSE AND MATERIALS."
This Invention has for its object to reduce the cost of machinery for drying and
disintegrating scutch, excrementitious, and other animal and vegetable refuse and
materials by simplifying its construction.
My improved machine consists of an iron cylinder of any convenient dimensions
mounted horizontally on suitable supports, and having a solid continuous revolving
shaft working in suitable bearings passing longitudinally through its entire length,
and projecting at either end for gearing purposes.
Fitted to such shaft in any convenient manner are one, two, or more agitators,
each of which consists of a suitable number of fans provided with a series of arms
or beaters fitted longitudinally in a frame, and having suitable interstices or spaces
left between them. These arms or beaters are formed flat on one side, while on
the other they are made with a ridge or knife, which as the agitator revolves
disintegrates the material placed in the cylinder.
I would however here observe that I do not confine myself to this particular
form of agitator. A suitable door is formed in either end of such cylinder to
allow of testing the material while under treatment. Such material is desiccated
by means of hot air supplied either from one or more furnaces, or in any other
convenient manner, and forced into the cylinder through suitable apertures formed
in one end thereof for that purpose. To allow of the escape of such hot air a
convenient aperture is formed in the upper surface of the cylinder, and fitted with
a suitable outlet pipe.
Moreover, in such upper surface one or more suitable openings are formed for
the purpose of charging the cylinder with the material to be treated, while in the
under surface of the cylinder suitable outlet apertures are provided, through which
such material may be discharged when properly dried and disintegrated.
Both the charging and delivery apertures are fitted with air tight sliding doors.
My improved machine may be driven by any suitable motive power.
AN IMPROVED STOPPER FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED WATERS AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Thomas Miles and Dennis
Charles Miles at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st
July 1880.
CHARLES THOMAS MILES and DENNIS CHARLES MILES, both of 23, Holland
Road, North Brixton, in the County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED STOPPER FOR
BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED WATERS AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
This improved stopper consists of a cap piece which closes the mouth of the
bottle, said cap piece having a thumb hold or button at the top and depending
clips (preferably two) at its sides, which take under the shoulder of the rim of the
mouth of the bottle.
This cap piece is furnished with an elastic washer on its under side which is
connected loosely to it by a rivet, the stem of which passes through the washer
and cap piece and is securely fastened on the top. The rim at the mouth of the
bottle is not continuous, but it has recesses or notches formed in it to allow the
noses of the depending clips to pass when a stopper is applied.
The underside of the shoulder of the bottle rim is preferably taper or wedge
shaped between the before mentioned notches, and may also have slight recesses in
it to receive the noses of the depending clips, just sufficient to prevent the clip
shifting during packing or transit.
To apply a stopper to a bottle it is only necessary to pass the clips through the
notches in the mouth rim, when a slight turn of the cap by means of the thumb
piece causes the noses of the clips to take under the taper or wedge surface on
said rim, and bring the elastic washer into hermetic contact with the mouth of the
bottle.
The stopper may be secured to the bottle by a short length of chain or cord.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND IMPLIMENT FOR CUTTING THE OUTER SOLES OR CLUMPS OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Claypole at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1880.
GEORGE FREDERICK CLAYPOLE, of Finedon, in the County of Northampton.
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND IMPLIMENT FOR CUTTING THE OUTER SOLES OR
CLUMPS OF BOOTS AND SHOES."
Hitherto in cutting the clumps or outer soles of boots and shoes it has been
usual to cut a strip of leather sufficiently wide to correspond with the length of
sole to be cut, and afterwards to shape the back of the sole, by which method
there is a loss of leather, that is to say, the piece that is cut out in shaping the
back.
Now according to my Invention I cut a strip of leather sufficiently wide to
correspond to the length of two soles, and I cut the two soles at once by means of
a die or knife made the shape of two soles of the same foot when fitted together
after having been shaped at back as aforesaid, the said die or knife having a
transverse blade of the shape required to be cut at the back of the sole.
It will
be seen that on pressing a die of the above construction on to the strip of leather
that two soles of the same foot will be cut at once and there will be no loss in
shaping the back. In order to cut the sole for the other foot it is simply necessary
to turn the leather over and operate as before. By this Invention there is not only
a saving of leather but also a great saving in labor.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING MATTRESSES, WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CARRIAGE OR FURNITURE SEATS, HOSPITAL AND OTHER LITTERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Soloman Ullmann at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th May 1880. A communication from
abroad by Joseph Ullmann, of Frankfort on Main, in the Empire of Germany.
SOLOMAN ULLMANN, of 62, Borough High Street, in the County of Surrey.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING MATTRESSES, WHICH SAID
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CARRIAGE OR FURNITURE SEATS,
HOSPITAL AND OTHER LITTERS." A communication from abroad by Joseph
Ullmann, of Frankfort on Main, in the Empire of Germany.
"
The object of this Invention is to supersede the ordinary spring mattresses by
substituting for such springs helically coiled or twisted steel wires, stretched and
fastened to the wood or light iron frame in a longitudinal sense and in parallel
rows; by this means great bearing power and elasticity are obtained.
The wires forming open screws, crevices for harbouring dust or vermin are
avoided, and the frame being united by hinges and sockets is readily fixed or
unfixed for packing or transport, and the whole occupying but a small space renders
these mattresses eminently serviceable on board ship, in the field or camp, either in
times of peace or war, both as mattresses and litters for the conveyance of the
wounded.
The advantages of this system are agrecable elasticity in all positions of the
body; simplicity and cheapness of construction; great strength and durability,
combined with lightness; there being no padding or horse hair, but being perfectly
open, top and bottom, free ventilation is insured, and consequently they are both
healthy and cleanly in use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Waycott at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th January 1880.
ROBERT WAYCOTT, of Paignton, in the County of Devon, Ironmonger.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES."
"
This Invention relates to improvements in that class of skate known as the
"acme skate," the object of the improvements being to construct such skates so that
they may be easily and quickly attached to the boots, to secure firmness, and to
give a support to the feet, instead of the whole support being dependent on the
sole of the boot as hitherto. In carrying out my improvements I apply to the
acme skate" toe and heel straps, the ends of the strap for the heel being attached
by bolts and nuts to a slotted stirrup or plate to allow of the strap being lengthened
or shortened. The said stirrup or plate is attached to the "link" by a bolt
square at the bottom and round in the centre to allow the "link" to turn, and
square at the top for the plate, by which means or otherwise the plate will be
caused to move straight instead of turning with the "link" plate.
Instead of the ordinary sole clamps in the front of the skate I employ a strap or
band, which is expanded and contracted in a manner similar to the clamps, the slot
in the back plate, as well as those in the sole plate, being longer than usual so as to
allow of the toe band opening wider and the heel strap coming farther forward,
thus facilitating the operation of putting on and taking off the skate. The usual
knife edge is employed for the heel.
The straps may be made of steel, leather, or other suitable material, or of a
combination of steel and leather, or other suitable combination, and may be
adjusted by means of buckles instead of bolts and nuts working in slots, or in any
other suitable manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MONETARY AND OTHER DOCUMENTARY FORMS FOR THE PREVENTION OF FRAUD
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Mackarell and William
Ryland at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th August
1880.
THOMAS MACKARELL, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, and WILLIAM
RYLAND, of the same Place, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
MONETARY AND OTHER DOCUMENTARY FORMS FOR THE PREVENTION OF FRAUD."
The object is to so manufacture cheques, bills, shipping notes, and other documents
with printed forms thereon, that words, figures, and marks written at the time of
filling up or completing such documents cannot be altered or erased without
disfiguring the said documents, and rendering such alterations or erasures plain and
undisguisable.
The Invention consists in covering the spaces, or part thereof, on which words,
figures, or marks have to be made in writing, with a series or number of monograms,
words, or other easily distinguishable designs, by printing such designs with ink
containing the essential colouring ingredients of ordinary writing ink; or, if a
special writing ink is to be used, the said designs are printed with a similar ink.
In this way any chemicals or means used to alter or erase the written matter will
similarly effect the printed matter, and such alteration or erasure will be evident
from the impossibility of correctly replacing the distinguishing devices above
mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CULTIVATORS AND DRAGGING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Robinson and Charles Teo
Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July
1880.
JOHN ROBINSON and CHARLES TEE ROBINSON, both of Leeds, in the County of
York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CULTIVATORS AND DRAGGING MACHINES."
Our improvements refer to automatic locking apparatus, whereby the teeth or
tines of cultivators or dragging machines are retained in position either in or out
of work, that is to say, the tines when raised clear of their work or when lowered
into position for working are locked automatically without the assistance of
catches or bolts. According to our improvements we employ a long hand lever
which is raised or lowered by the attendant for the purpose of throwing the tines
or teeth either in or out of work, the motion being transmitted from the hand lever
through horizontal connecting rods and levers to the tines. And in order to
automatically lock the tines or teeth, we employ an intermediate double ended
lever, the two ends being slightly angular to each other and arranged in such a
manner that when the tines are in position for working the two centres of the ends
of the double lever are in a line or about with the centre of the lower horizontal
connecting rod, so that any strain upon the tines acts directly through the centre
of the double ended lever without affecting its position, hence the tines are held
fast until moved by the hereinbefore mentioned hand lever.
Further, a similar locking operation takes place when the hand lever is brought
down for the purpose of withdrawing the tines or teeth.
MEANS AND APPLICATION FOR LIGHTING MINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Adie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1880.
PATRICK ADIE, of 15, Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex,
IN MEANS AND APPLICATION FOR LIGHTING MINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
I employ for carrying out my improvements the electric light burning in a
vacuum, and the connecting wires so supported by the body of the lamp that if by
any accident the lamp were broken the electric current should at once be broken
and the light extinguished; the great improvement being that as electric light is
well known to burn in a vacuum, no possible light can in ordinary circumstances be
communicated to explosive gasses so destructive of life, especially in coal mines,
while the splendid illuminating power of the electric light can thereby with safety
be employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RECORDING MUSIC AS IT IS PLAYED, APPLICABLE TO PIANOFORTES AND OTHER KEY-BOARD INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Hoyer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th July 1880.
EDWARD HOYER, of Bow, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR RECORDING MUSIC AS IT IS PLAYED, APPLICABLE TO PIANOFORTES
AND OTHER KEY-BOARD INSTRUMENTS."
The object of this Invention is to record or mark music automatically by
the keys as they are struck by the performer, all as hereinafter described.
For this purpose I impart motion from the keys, say from the upper back part of
same, or from the underneath part of same, and I thereby move pegs or points,
pencils, or other markers, which mark or form indentations on a paper band that
is caused to move slowly, and may be passed round a roller having grooves opposite
to the pegs.
When the motion is derived from the upper back part of the keys, the latter may
have pegs which act directly against the paper band passing round the groove
roller, the paper band being wound off a supply roller and on to a take off roller
by clockwork or electricity, or other self-acting or other means; or wire pegs resting
loosely on the keys and passing through guide holes may, on the depression of the
keys in question, press against wires fixed at one end and at the other end connected
to marking levers which mark or indent the paper as above described. A car-
bonized paper band may be used in combination with a white paper band.
The marking apparatus may be above the key-board, below the same, or at the
end or outside the instrument even at a distance therefrom. The action may be
transmitted by electricity.
The paper band may for convenience of reading off the recorded music be marked
with lines indicating the position of the black and white keys or the octaves, and
may also if desired be ruled in clefts. The marks or indents will appear as dots or
dashes of different lengths, according to the duration of the depression of the keys.
Any composer of music is thus by the above apparatus enabled while he plays, and
while having his mind solely occupied with composing, to record or write down
in a clear and legible manner the composition played on the instrument, thus
permanently preserving thoughts or ideas which might otherwise be more or less
forgotten.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING YOUNG ANIMALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th January 1880. A communication
from abroad by Claude Cayrel, of Castelsagrat, Tarn et Garonne, France.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING YOUNG
ANIMALS." [A communication from abroad by Claude Cayrel, of Castelsagrat,
Tarn et Garonne, France.]
This Invention relates to apparatus for supplying young animals with milk or
other liquid food. For this purpose an upright vessel, which may be of wood lined
with metal, is provided with an elastic bottom in the form of a caoutchouc bag
with tits projecting down from it. This bag and its tits are made in shape to
imitate the natural udder and tits of the mother animal in each case, and the mouth
of the bag is secured to the bottom of the vessel by a thick rounded ring of
caoutchouc, which acts as a cushion to protect the young animal from hurting
itself by striking the vessel. For certain animals, especially ruminants, the young
of which habitually push against the udder, the liquid is maintained under a certain
amount of pressure, so as to keep the udder bag distended. This pressure is
obtained by fitting the feeding vessel with a piston or plunger loaded with a weight
or by springs. The vessel in each case may be fixed against a wall or secured to an
upright bar by eyes, which can be slid up or down thereon, and secured by set
screws, so as to adjust the height to suit the animal; also, the vessel may be
provided with a casing to hold hot water for the purpose of keeping the feeding
liquid warm, and in the case of young animals of a delicate kind the floor and sides
of the stalls or compartments in which they are kept may also be provided with
casings for hot water.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TURNING IN AND OUT, LOWERING, AND DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS, AND FOR CARRYING THEM INBOARD
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Harrold Barry at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January 188().
"
JAMES HARROLD BARRY, of the City of Limerick, Ireland, and now of 212,
East India Road, in the County of Middlesex, Master Mariner, R.N.R. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TURNING IN AND OUT, LOWERING, AND DISENGAGING
SHIPS' BOATS, AND FOR CARRYING THEM INBOARD."
The boat's davits to be the ordinary ones now in use with an improved
attachment thereon as follows:-The top of each davit is fitted with a hoop or
band into which rollers are fitted, and thro' which roller-bands an iron rod, or
hollow tube, by preference, is passed, and onto which iron rod the boat is hooked
by her tackles and at a sufficient distance from the davits to allow them to be
turned in or out easily and quickly. The davit heads slide along this rod and turn
towards each other, and are turned by an attachment on the davit at a suitable
place above the rail; a paul bracket is placed on each davit near the upper socket
of the davit, and two pauls are allowed to work freely in them to control them in a
seaway. The guys are fast ordinarily to the heads of the davits, but are made fast
in this arrangement to the moving rod or tube. The arrangement for carrying the
boats inboard is substantially the same as in my Patent No. 258, of 1879, namely,
short standards to which are fitted the slip chocks therein mentioned with the
additional improvement that both arms of these chocks, "inside" and "out," may be
slipped at any time, and the lowering gear is substantially the same as in my
Patent No. 3632, of 1878, that is, two-peculiar sheaves and rollers controuled by a
brake between them. The disengaging hooks automatically release the boat when
properly waterbourne as they are controuled by their lines or wire running from
one to the other, but around the sides of the boat "inside" from a lever beneath the
hooks; these hooks are hinged at or above the thwart of the boat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE
MANUFACTURE OF HORSE-SHOES." [A communication from abroad by John D.
Billings, of the City and State of New York, United States of America.]
The object of this Invention is to secure a comfortable footing for the horse, by
producing a more uniform distribution of pressure over the entire bottom of the
crust and sole bars of the hoof, than is ordinarily obtained in either hand or
machine made shoes.
To this end the said Invention consists in providing machine-made horse-shoes
and blanks therefor, composed of either iron or steel bar, in the form of a T shaped
rail in transverse section, the central rib of which forms a continuous projection or
calk extending around the shoe from heel to heel, when the same is bent by
machinery into the required curvilinear form of a horse shoe.
The groove to receive the nail holes and the heads of the nails is made upon the
outer side of the central vertical rib or calk, and said groove is formed in such a
manner and of such a depth that the sides of the heads of the nails are buried
sufficiently deep to prevent the same from becoming loose by the concussion of the
shoe against the roadway.
In carrying the said Invention into practice the bar of metal to form the blank
is passed through rolls any suitable number of times; this operation fashions tho
same into the form of a Trail, having a recess or groove upon the underside of the
transverse section or top of the T near the edge thereof. The horizontal top of
the T forms the foot surface or plato, while the vertical portion of the bar forms
the rib or calk, which is at right angles to the said plate, and nearly equally distant
from the edges thereof.
After the aforesaid rectilinear bar is cut into the required lengths of the different
horse shoe blanks, the latter are placed edgewise into a suitable bending machine,
whence the shoes may be dropped out at the rate of twenty or more per minute, in
a perfect form, ready to be placed in a punching machine, which completes the shoe
ready for use, and in a condition to be secured to the hoof without burning
the same, this being effected in a quicker and more workmanlike manner than can
be done with any other shoe in the market.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF YARN WINDING FRAMES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Alfred Bennett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th October 1880.
JAMES ALFRED BENNETT, of Stalybridge, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF YARN WINDING FRAMES."
This Invention relates particularly to that part of the yarn winding frame called
"the reed," by which the yarn under operation is cleared from knots, nebs, lumps,
or other similar extraneous imperfections, the object of the Invention being to
obtain a larger production of yarn from the same number of spindles, and to perform
the clearing operation in a more certain and efficient manner.
Hitherto the reed has been a fixture, being attached to a fixed rail, and in order
to allow of the rising and falling motion of the lifting rail the reed has always
been made about five inches deep, and a great defect of this arrangement has been
that the yarn has been only imperfectly cleared during the upper portion of the
movement of the lifting rail, because the yarn at that time was passing through the
upper portion of the reed, which, in consequence of the great length of the dents, was
the weakest part, and hence was liable to give way to any knots or lumps and
allow them to pass instead of clearing them from the yarn.
According to my Invention I attach the reed directly to the lifting rail of the
machine so that the reed rises and falls with it, and by this means I am enabled to
use a reed of only about one inch in depth, and in consequence of the dents of the
reed being so short they are not liable to give way before knots or lumps, and the
clearing of the yarn is much more efficiently performed, and not only is the quality
of the yarn thereby greatly improved, but the result is also an increased production
from the same number of spindles as compared with the work performed by the
frames with the fixed reeds as hitherto constructed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURE STANDS OR FRAMES FOR BOTTLES, JARS, OR THE LIKE TO PREVENT THE SURREPTITIOUS ABSTRACTION OF THEIR CONTENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Bywater Grinsell at the Office
. of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th January 1880.
THOMAS BYWATER GRINSELL, of 13, Charter House Street, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURE STANDS OR FRAMES FOR BOTTLES, JARS,
OR THE LIKE TO PREVENT THE SURREPTITIOUS ABSTRACTION OF THEIR CONTENTS."
The stands or frumes constructed after my improved plan are made of wood,
metal, or any suitable materials, and consist mainly in a base with raised sides,
like a box without a lid. The bottles or jars, etcetera, stand within this base or
box, and a cross rail forming the handle (or with the handle formed upon it) is
secured by suitable uprights to the base. A convenient form of stand for spirits,
etcetera, is made to hold three square bottles, the uprights forming divisions between
the bottles and the top rail passing over the top of the stoppers. One or both of
the sides of the box is hinged or pivotted, so as to be capable of being turned partly
down. Whilst in this position the bottles can be easily inserted under the cross
rail on top. The front or side is then turned up and secured by means of a suitable
lock or spring, the bottles being tbus securely fastened in the case or stand.
The front is usually held up by means of a rather strong spring or springs, so that
even if unlocked the stand may be carried about by the handle without danger of
the bottles falling out. The lock or retaining catch is generally arranged so as to
shoot a bolt or bolts in to one or more of the uprights.
It will be seen that modifications may be made in this arrangement without
departing from the principle of my Invention. For instance, the frame may be
extended so as to take in a number of bottles, and be fixed to a bench or counter
if necessary. This form could be used in chemical laboratories and shops, or on
shipboard, where valuable liquids are sometimes exposed to being pilfered. The
exact form, as above described, is not essential to my Invention, and the bottles
may be round or other shape instead of square.
AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PRISMATIC GUN-POWDER
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Pieper at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1880. A communication from
Hermann Gruson, Councillor of Commerce and Engine Manufacturer, of
Buckau, near Magdeburg, Prussia.
CARL PIEPER, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, of 74, Belle-Alliance-Strasse,
Berlin, S.W., Prussia. "AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PRISMATIC
GUN-POWDER." A communication from Hermann Gruson, Councillor of Commerce
and Engine Manufacturer, of Buckau, near Magdeburg, Prussia.
This Invention relates to an improved press for the manufacture of prismatic
gun-powder, in which the pistons serving to compress the powder within the
moulds are actuated by two pairs of eccentrics fixed on the main shaft of the
machine. The two eccentrics of one pair, which are of equal eccentricity, and
whose angular position with regard to the shaft is the same, are connected by
means of suitable rods to the pivots of a cross-head moving in vertical guides above
a table provided with moulds. The eccentrics constituting the second pair are also
equal to each other with regard to their eccentricity and their position on the
shaft, but different in these respects from the first pair. They are connected to a
Both cross-heads are
second cross-head moving in guides below the said table.
provided with pistons corresponding with the holes or moulds in the table, the
said moulds being of hexagonal or other appropriate form.
The material out of which the powder-prisms are to be pressed is put in duly
reduced state into a hopper from which a slide actuated by a cam-disk feeds
at every stroke a like quantity into each mould. The upper pistons hereupon
descending and entering into the moulds, and the lower ones rising, the powder is
compressed between the pistons. The upper pistons thereafter leave the moulds
and rise to a certain distance from the table, while the lower pistons continuing to
ascend, though at a smaller speed, push the finished prisms out of the moulds.
The slide now advancing again shifts the prisons forward on the table and out of
the way of the pistons.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF TREATING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES, TISSUES, AND FABRICS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF RENDERING THEM WATERPROOF, APPLICABLE ALSO TO MINERAL SUBSTANCES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Julius Sachs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th September 1880. Partly a
communication from abroad by Lieutenant Colonel Carl Otto Ramstedt, of
Helsingfors, in Finland.
JOSEPH JULIUS SACHS, of 63, Sackville Street, in the City of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF TREATING
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES, TISSUES, AND FABRICS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF
RENDERING THEM WATERPROOF, APPLICABLE ALSO TO MINERAL SUBSTANCES."
Partly a communication from abroad by Lieutenant Colonel Carl Otto Ramstedt, of
Helsingfors, in Finland.
The object of this Invention is to render vegetable and animal fibres, tissues,
fabrics, or substances, and natural or artificial mineral substances, less permeable
to water and less likely to be acted on by moisture than they are in their natural
or original state.
For this purpose a solution of any suitable substance, such as paraffin, spermaceti,
or belmontine, is made in a volatile solvent, such as benzoline, bisulphide of
carbon, or naphtha. The material to be treated may be impregnated or coated with
this solution either in the open air or in an open or closed vessel, in vacuo, or
under pressure. If a closed vessel is used there may be connected with it an
apparatus for the recovery of the volatile solvent.
The impregnation or coating of the material may be effected either by immersion
in the solution or by exposure to a spray produced from the solution or in any
other convenient manner.
The solution employed according to this Invention may be prepared in various
ways, of which the following example is given as a type:-Belmontine, one part;
benzoline, twenty parts. The proportions of the ingredients vary with the nature
of the materials to be treated and the method of treatment.
I prefer to treat the materials in a closed vessel, to which is attached an
apparatus, by means of which the vapour of the solvent may be exhausted or
expelled. After the solvent has been completely volatilized the materials are
ready for use.
By this process such articles as feathers, lace, artificial flowers, cloth, paper, felt,
silk, cotton, jute, wool, hemp, hair, and materials manufactured therefrom, and natural
and artificial mineral substances, may be rendered less permeable to water without
altering their colour, lastre, softness, or appearance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis François De Cuignièr and
John Nicolas Lang at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
21st December 1880.
LOUIS FRANÇOIS DE CUIGNIER and JOHN NICOLAS LANG, both of Hoxton, in
the County of Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND SHOES."
"
Our Invention relates to clump soles of boots worn by cripples or persons with
one leg shorter than the other, and to the heels of boots and shoes generally, and it
consists in making such heels and clumps of sheet metal, and hollow for the sake of
lightness and durability, and in the method of attaching the same to the boot or
shoe.
According to this Invention a plate or sheet of metal, tinned plate for example, is
introduced between the upper and the leather sole, and is secured by the same
rivets or other means by which the sole is attached. The edges of the said metal
plate project beyond those of the leather sole, and are bent over the same to form
a lap joint with the sides of the sheet metal box clump, which is applied to the sole
and soldered to the edges of the aforesaid metal plate, thus enclosing the sole of
the boot. An outer sole of leather may be applied to the box clump by first
stitching it to a welt formed of sheet metal, which is then soldered to the box
clump.
The heels of boots and shoes, and particularly high heels such as are now made
of wood, are similarly made hollow or box like, and are preferably formed by
pressing the sheet metal in dies to give the heel the desired elegance of shape. The
said heels are attached by a soldered joint to the edge, of a plate of metal secured
in the same manner as that for the box clump before described. A top piece of
leather may be applied to the box heel in the same way as to the clump.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO FASTENERS FOR BOOTS AND OTHER ARTICLES WHERE BUTTONS ARE APPLICABLE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hinde at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd June 1880.
THOMAS HINDE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND RELATING TO FASTENERS FOR BOOTS AND OTHER ARTICLES WHERE BUTTONS
ARE APPLICABLE."
This Invention consists in an ordinary shank button on one side the material,
and a wire or small stem of metal twisted into the shape of the letter S with
projecting shank or loop in the middle, which is threaded through the button
This latter need not necessarily be in the
proper on the other side the material.
form of the letter S, but must be so that one end at least can be passed through
the shank, and it must have an indentation, loop, deep hook, or its equivalent, in
the centre, into which the shank can fall and be as it were locked when the strain
is on. The two curves of the S or the other variation of the under wire form a
flat skeleton plate (with the loop in the centre), which pressed against the leather
by pull of the button proper acts as a stop to prevent the button being
wrenched out.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KNIFE CLEANING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Stokoe Lyon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th November 1880.
THOMAS STOKOE LYON, of Percival Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN KNIFE CLEANING MACHINES."
My Invention relates to improvements in machines for cleaning knives, whereby
increased facility is obtained for performing that operation.
In carrying out my Invention I employ two endless bands or sets of endless
bands carried upon suitable rollers which are caused to revolve by means of chains
and chain wheels or other gearing, or in any other suitable manner. The bands
are arranged in close proximity to each other for a certain portion of their
traverse, and provision is made whereby emery or other powder is supplied to the
bands, as, for example, by means of a roller taking up the powder from a trough or
receptacle, whilst another roller presses the powder upon the bands. The contiguous
surfaces of the two bands or two sets of bands being thus coated with powder, the
knife or knives are drawn between the bands back downwards while the bands
are in motion, whereby the both sides of the knives are thoroughly cleaned or
polished and sharpened in an expeditious manner.
Rests are provided for the knives in suitable position so as to guide their
movements between the bands.
The bands may be either smooth or slightly roughened on their surface or
surfaces, and their front edge may be made of a suitable shape to clean the shoulders
of the knives, provision being also made by the addition of a roller or other
attachment for the cleaning of the back edge of the knives.
Springs or set screws may be employed for maintaining the two sets of bands in
close proximity to each other at that portion of their traverse in which they
operate upon the knives.
If desired, one band or set of bands only may have positive motion imparted to
it, the other band or set of bands being driven by frictional contact.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF TREATING PORK
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st December 1880.
A com-
munication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Florentin Chaumont, of Paris,
France.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF TREATING PORK." [A com-
munication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Florentin Chaumont, of Paris, France.]
This Invention relates to a process of treating pork. Hitherto pork has been
merely scalded and salted, and when thus prepared the meat has a poor appearance,
the skin acquires a flabby gelatinous consistency and cuts badly. This Invention
has for its object to avoid these defects, and to this end it consists in submitting
sides, &c., of pork after being scalded and salted to a superficial grilling or singeing,
whereby the skin acquires a firmer and less gelatinous consistency, and the meat
is rendered more presentable in appearance and improved in its preservative
qualities.
In carrying out the Invention the sides, &c., of pork are submitted on the skin
side to the action of a gas flame, or preferably a mixture of gas and compressed air,
the jet of compressed air being so applied as to impel the gas flame or jet at a
high velocity. The grilling or singeing is thus effected with great rapidity and
economy. The meat is then cooled and cleaned with water and scraped either
mechanically or by hand.
Any convenient arrangement of gas grill or burner may be used for the above
process.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHURIC ACID
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1880. A communication
from abroad by Frederic Benker, of Weinfelden, in the Swiss Republic.
JOHN IMRAY, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHURIC ACID." [A communication
from abroad by Frederic Benker, of Weinfelden, in the Swiss Republic.]
In manufacturing sulphuric acid a considerable portion of the nitrate of soda or
potassa employed is wasted, in consequence of the amount of nitrous acid that
escapes without entering into combination with the sulphurous acid fumes of the
pyrites or other sulphide under treatment. This Invention relates to means of
utilising a large portion of this nitrous acid, and of absorbing the residue so as to
prevent the deleterious effects of the escaping nitrous acid.
For this purpose a
current of sulphurous acid in gaseous form is introduced by a pump, fan, injector,
or otherwise into the lower part of the chamber amongst the nitrous acid fumes,
and a reaction takes place, the nitrous acid giving part of its oxygen to the
sulphurous acid, which is converted into sulphuric acid, and the nitrous acid itself
becoming nitric oxide, which is completely absorbed in the sulphuric acid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1880. A com-
munication from abroad by Charles Secousse, Manufacturer, of Angers, in the
Department of Maine et Loire, in the Republic of France.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of 6, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRTS."
A communication from abroad by Charles Secousse, Manufacturer, of Angers, in the
Department of Maine et Loire, in the Republic of France.
The object of this Invention is to prevent rumpling, cracking, or otherwise
injuring the shirt front, so that it may always preserve its form no matter in what
manner the body is moved, whether by exercise or otherwise.
With this view the shirt is made what may be termed double fronted, that is to
say, the shirt has a front which is part and parcel of the whole, and in addition
thereto it is provided with a movable front working as it were hinge fashion from
the lower part of the shirt front.
In order that the head of the wearer may pass freely in and out, the fixed front
opens half way down the centre, and the collar being attached and of a piece with
the fixed front, when the movable front is raised and in situ, it is perfectly
secured by being passed under the collar, and is additionally fastened by the neck
tie.
The fixed front is not lined but starched, but the movable one is lined with the
exception of a small part extending towards the band of the shirt near the waist;
it is this which facilitates motion of the body without detriment to the front.
The movable part may be placed at the side, but the former method is preferable;
and although the object is to dispense with any kind of fastening, still where
desired such may be employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANTHRACENE FROM GAS TAR
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Hardman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th May 1880.
JOSIAH HARDMAN, of Miles Platting, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANTHRACENE
FROM GAS TAR."
The object of my Invention is the more efficient extraction of anthracene from
gas tar, whereby I am enabled to greatly increase the production.
To accomplish this, I carry on the distillation in the usual manner as now
practised by the trade generally, until I reach that stage of distillation as is generally
considered complete for the separation of all products in the form of crude naptha,
light oil, creosote oil, and anthracene oil. At this stage of distillation I inject or
run in creosote oil or anthracene oil.
The oils I inject or run into the still are first submitted to a heating process until
they are in a partially gaseous condition before they come in contact with the
residue contained in the still. Such heatings may either be done in a separate
vessel, or the oil may be passed through a coil contained in the interior of the
still.
The products from the still are condensed and collected in the usual manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING MIXED ORES CONTAINING LEAD AND OTHER METALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Norman Charles Cookson and Thomas
Crisp Sanderson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th
November 1880.
NORMAN CHARLES COOKSON and THOMAS CRISP SANDERSON, both of Newcastle
upon Tyne. " IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING MIXED ORES CONTAINING LEAD
AND OTHER METALS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating mixed ores containing
lead with other metals.
When treating a mixed ore containing lead with zinc, and, it may be, also silver
and copper, we first throughly roast the ore, and then dissolve out the zinc by
means of acetic acid. The copper, if any, will also be dissolved, and is afterwards
precipitated by the addition of metallic zinc to the solution. The lead and the
silver remain in the gangue, and can be separated therefrom by the usual methods
for the treatment of ordinary lead ores. For the precipitation of the zinc froin
the acetic solution hydrogen sulphide is employed. The acetic acid can be used
again and again.
When treating a mixed ore containing lead with antimony, and, it may be,
silver, we dissolve the antimony sulphide out from the raw ore with sodium or
other alkaline sulphide solution. The lead and silver, if any, remains with the
gangue, and can be separated by the usual processes for the treatment of ordinary
lead ores.
The antimony sulphide is precipitated from the solution by the addition
of sulphuric or other suitable acid.
Or the solution of antimony sulphide in sodium or other alkaline sulphide
obtained as above stated may be made use of in the treatment of lead zinc ore.
The mixed ore containing lead with zinc is thoroughly roasted, and the zinc is
dissolved out from it with sulphuric acid. To the zinc sulphate solution some of
the before named antimony sulphide solution is added zinc and antimony sulphides
precipitate, leaving a sulphate of the alkali employed in solution. The zinc
sulphide can be separated from the antimony sulphide in various ways, but by
preference we dissolve it out from the antimony with weak hydrochloric acid and
afterwards precipitate with milk of lime.
AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1880. A communication from
abroad by Franz Götz, of Stockholm, Sweden.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR STOPPERING
BOTTLES." A communication from abroad by Franz Götz, of Stockholm, Sweden.
This Invention relates to an improved stoppering device which is made as follows,
that is to say:-I provide a cap which fits over the mouth of the bottle, and within
this cap I press a piece or disc of cork of the best quality. To the upper part of
the said cap is fitted the upper end of a thick metallic wire which is bent over and
extends downward on two sides of the neck of the bottle. The lower sides of this
wire are bent inward at right angles and project through curved portions of another
piece of thick wire which extends around one side of the neck of the bottle. This
second wire has upwardly extending arms whose extremities are bent in such a
manner as to fit into cavities provided for them in the neck of the bottle. The
bottle is opened or closed by applying or removing the cap which is held by the
wires.
A great advantage obtained by the use of this device is that the cork does not
impart either smell or taste to the enclosed liquid, as is done by most of the
caoutchouc-stoppers which have hitherto been used; mineral waters and some
other liquids affect caoutchouc stoppers in such a manner that they acquire a bad
taste and smell.
I prefer to make the metallic parts of my improved device of some composite
metal not liable to oxidation, or I may plate the metal with nickel to effect the
same object; they will therefore be both neater and more durable than if made of
plain iron wire.