Improvements relating to Brakes for Vehicles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Aug., 1893.
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1894-Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Brakes for Vehicles.
I, HUGH WILLIAM GABBETT-FAIRFAX, St. George's Club, Hanover Square,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to brakes for vehicles, and has for its object to provide
improved means whereby the force of the horse or other animal drawing the vehicle,
is utilized for applying the brakes to the wheels of said vehicle when required.
In carrying my invention into practice, instead of attaching the traces to the
body of the vehicle in the ordinary manner, I connect them by chains, rods or the
like, to the ends of levers pivoted on the vehicle, said levers being adapted, when
turned on their pivots, to apply the brakes to the vehicle wheels.
According to one method of carrying out my invention I provide two levers of
suitable design pivoted on the axle or on one of the axles or on any other suitable
part of the vehicle. One end each of said levers, (the outer end preferably) is
connected to one of the traces as above mentioned, and the other ends of the said
levers are connected to a chain, rope, or the like, which is under the control of the
driver or any other person sitting in, or on, the vehicle.
The brakes may be of any suitable design and are connected with the levers in
such a manner that when the latter are rotated or turned, the said brakes are
applied to the wheels.
While the vehicle is being drawn along by the horse or other animal pulling at
the traces, the levers above-mentioned are maintained each in a position parallel to
the axle of the vehicle by means of the chain or the like which is attached to the
other ends of said levers. When the chain is released, the levers are turned on
their pivots and the brakes applied owing to the pull on the traces by the animal.
I sometimes arrange that one or more of the wheels shall be able to slide laterally
along the axle under the action of the levers, said wheel or wheels being arranged
to be brought into contact with brake-blocks when such lateral movement
takes place.
I sometimes so arrange that when the horse or animal is backing or being
"held up" to prevent the vehicle running too fast down-hill, the brakes_shall be
applied through the backward pressure of the animal on the breeching. I may do
this by connecting the ends of the breeching to chains or cords passing round
pulleys fixed to the shaft, said chains or cords being attached to the ends of the
brake-levers, or to the traces when the latter are connected as hereinabove
described.
The chain or the like which is connected to the ends of the levers to prevent the
same being rotated or turned when the brakes are not required to be applied, is
brought under the control of the driver by being attached to a foot-lever, for.
instance, or the end of the said chain may be slipped over a pin or spring hook of
suitable design, so as to be easily liberated therefrom by the driver or any other
person when it is desired to apply the brakes.
I sometimes provide that as long as the driver is sitting down, the chain or other
connection shall be held tight, but that as soon as the driver rises from his seat
from any cause, the chain or the like shall be released and the brakes applied.
In some cases the levers which operate the brakes are vertical, that is to say,
the pivots on which said levers rotate are placed parallel to the axle so that said
levers are rotatable in vertical planes; or said levers may be arranged to rotate in
planes more or less inclined to the horizontal if desired.

page_text: Various modifications in detail may be required to be made when my invention
is applied to a vehicle which is to be drawn by two horses the general principles
however being the same in all cases.
Although I have herein described various methods of carrying my invention
into practice, 'I would have it clearly understood that I may vary the same in
detail without departing from the nature thereof.
Dated this 3rd day of August 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant...
Improvements relating to Brakes for Vehicles.
I, HUGH WILLIAM GABBETT-FAIRFAX, St. George's Club, Hanover Square,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to brakes for vehicles, and has for its object to provide
improved means whereby the force of the horse or other animal drawing the
vehicle is utilized for applying the brakes to the wheels' of said vehicle when
required.
In carrying my invention into practice instead of attaching the traces to the
body of the vehicle in the ordinary manner I connect them by chains, rods or the
like to the ends of levers pivoted on the vehicle, said levers being adapted when
turned on their pivots to apply the brakes to the vehicle wheels.
"
I sometimes so arrange that when the horse or animal is backing or being
"held up
to prevent the vehicle running too fast down-hill, the brakes shall be
applied through the backward pressure of the animal on the breeching. I may do
this by connecting the ends of the breeching to chains or cords passing round.
pulleys fixed to the shaft, said chains or cords being attached to the ends of the
brake levers or to the traces when the latter are connected as hereinabove
described.
The chain or the like which is connected to the ends of the levers to prevent the
same being rotated or turned when the brakes are not required to be applied, is
brought under the control of the driver by any suitable device.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I will now proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawing which is an
underside view of a vehicle fitted with a brake constructed according to my
invention.
A, A are the wheels, B the axle which is secured to the body of the vehicle in
the usual manner, C C are the shafts and D the frame of the vehicle.
E, E are two levers pivoted to the axle B at E', E' and connected at their outer
ends by links F, F to the brake levers G, G. Said brake levers are pivoted
at G, G, to the frame of the vehicle and are furnished with suitable brake
blocks G, G. The outer ends of the levers E, E are also connected by links H, H
to the traces I and to the breeching J which latter passes round pulleys J¹, J
fixed to the shafts C, C.
The inner ends of the levers E, E are connected by links K, K and chain K¹ to
a lever L which is pivoted to the frame at L' and has a forked end L. M is a
rod adapted to slide longitudinally in guides M', M' fixed to the frame and
carrying a pin M which engages with the forked end L of the lever L. The.
rod M is connected to a foot lever N which is pivoted on the foot board D and
which is operated by the driver. Said foot lever is so, arranged that as long as
the driver presses thereon, the various levers and links will remain in the position
مة

page_text: shewn in the drawing. When however the driver releases the foot lever N the
rod M can slide forward in its bearings and by the pin M' turn the lever L on its
pivot L¹ which allows the inner ends of the levers E, E to move backward. Then
the borse pulling at the traces I, I or backing on the breeching J rotates the
levers G, G and applies the brake blocks G³, G³ to the wheels through the medium
of the links H and F.
Instead of using the foot lever N I may use an ordinary hand lever.
I sometimes provide that the chain K₁ attached to the ends of the levers E, E
may be slipped over a pin or spring hook of suitable design so as to be easily
liberated therefrom by the driver or any other person when it is desired to apply
the brakes, or I may arrange that as long as the driver is sitting down the chain
or other connection shall be held tight, but that as soon as the driver rises from
his seat from any cause, the chain or the like shall be released and the brakes
applied.
In some cases the levers which operate the brakes are vertical, that is to say the
pivots on which said levers rotate are placed parallel to the axle so that said
levers are rotatable in vertical planes; or said levers may be arranged to rotate in
planes more or less inclined to the horizontal if desired.
Various modifications in detail may be required to be made when my invention
is applied to a vehicle which is to be drawn by two horses the general principles
however being the same in all cases.
Although I have herein described various methods of carrying my invention into
practice I would have it clearly understood that I may vary the same in detail
without departing from the nature thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. For a road vehicle, a brake constructed and arranged to be applied by the
pull of the animal on the trace.
2. For a road vehicle, a brake so constructed and arranged that when desired it
is applied by the pull of the animal on the trace, and by the backward pressure of
the animal on the breeching.
3. A brake constructed substantially as described with reference to the accom-
panying drawing and operating as specified.
Dated this 4th day of June 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.