A NEW MATERIAL TO BE USED FOR PROTECTING AND PRESERVING WOOD, METAL, STONE, AND OTHER MATERIALS, ALSO TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Pout, of Yalding, in the County of
Kent, Surgeon, for the Invention of "A NEW MATERIAL TO BE USED
FOR PROTECTING AND PRESERVING WOOD, METAL, STONE, AND OTHER
MATERIALS, ALSO TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, AND FOR
SIMILAR PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by Jesse
Gouldsmith Rolls, of D'Urban, Port Natal, South Africa.
-
Sealed the 15th September 1871, and dated the 20th March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Pout at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th March 1871.
I, HENRY POUT, of Yalding, in the County of Kent, Surgeon, do
5 hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW MATERIAL
TO BE USED FOR PROTECTING AND PRESERVING WOOD, METAL, STONE, AND OTHER
MATERIALS, ALSO TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, AND FOR SIMILAR
PURPOSES," (being a communication to me from abroad by Jesse
Gouldsmith Rolls, of D'Urban, Port Natal, South Africa,) to be as
follows:-

page_text: their nature and properties, thereby adapting them for the several uses
herein-after stated. The poisonous and irritant quality of the said
juices adaps them for use in protecting wood and metal from insects,
vermin, barnacles, and other destructive living agents. And also the
peculiar gummy quality of the said juices adopts them for use in
cements. And their property of resisting atmospheric influence adapts
them for protecting timber from dry rot and decay. Also their property
of resisting the action of water adapts them for indurating stone. The
said juices are extracted by making incisions in the branches of the
plant, from which a milky juice exudes, and this juice is thickened and
hardened as required by exposure to the action of the sun or artificial
heat. By this means is obtained either a liquid or a gummy or
resinous substance of greater or less consistency. And in order to
adapt the same for use in protecting and preserving surfaces of wood,
metal, stone, and other materials, the said juices, cither in a fluid state
or in a gummy or resinous state, are mixed with paints, oils, pigments,
and other suitable vehicles, and applied to such surfaces in the ordinary
manner.
The said juices also, when required for use alone as a cement, are
hardened by heat or by exposure to the air to produce a substance
adapted to form a substitute for glue. And the substance so procured
are mixed with chalk and clay or other suitable ingredients when
required for use in cements for flooring or building purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Pout in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
Pour, of Yalding, in the County of Kent, Surgeon, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Pout, Her special licence,
that I, the said Henry Pout, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Henry Pout, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time

page_text: to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW MATERIAL TO BE USED FOR
PROTECTING AND PRESERVING WOOD, METAL, STONE, and other Materials, also
ΤΟ BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES,"
being a communication to me from abroad, by Jesse Gouldsmith Rolls,
of D'Urban, Port Natal, South Africa, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Henry Pout, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW -YE, that I, the said Henry Pout, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention of "A New Material to be used for Protecting and
Preserving Wood, Metal, Stone, and other Materials, also to be used
in the Manufacture of Cement, and for similar Purposes," consists in
utilizing the juices of the "Euphorbia" plant, which are highly poisonous
and irritant, and also gummy in their nature and properties, thereby
adapting them for the several uses herein-after stated. The poisonous
and irritant quality of the said juices adapts them for use in protecting
wood and metal from insects, vermin, barnacles, and other destructive
living agents. Also the peculiar gummy quality of the said juices
adapts them for use in cements, and their property of resisting atmo-
spheric influence adapts them for indurating stone. The said juices
are extracted by making incisions in the branches of the plant, from
which a milky juice exudes, and this juice is thickened and hardened as
required by exposure to the action of the sun or of artificial heat. By
this means is obtained either a liquid or a gummy or resinous substance
of greater or less consistency. The readiness with which the juices
become thickened and solidified on exposure to the air renders it
necessary to use a solvent in order to produce or preserve their requisito
liquidity for some purposes to which they may be applied.

page_text: In order to adapt the juices for exporting in a liquid condition they
should be mixed with a small proportion of the solvent. For this
purpose benzine or benzoline or other hydrocarbons might be used in
the proportion of about twenty per cent. of the quantity of the juice; or
it might be preferable to import the juices in a solidified condition, and
afterwards dissolve the substance in the solvent, adding in either case
leads, oils, pigments, or other substances or ingredients as may be
required to form paints or coatings for protecting or preserving surfaces.
In preparing or treating the juices as stated it is requisite to adapt
the strength of the solvent to the condition of the juice. For instance,
juice from a young tree drawn or extracted early in the spring would
not require so powerful a solvent as other juice obtained from a tree of
more mature growth and later in the year. It is necessary also in some
cases to use solvents of different strengths.
When two or more coats have to be applied to a surface, as in the
case of painting or protecting ships' bottoms, the solvent used in the
second coat should not be so powerful as that used in the first, and so
on; otherwise the application of a second coat might disturb the first.
For this purpose it might be advisable to use benzine or benzoline as
the solvent for the first coat, and petroleum for the second, or turpentine,
if the juice or gum has not become very solid.
The mixture of the said juice of "euphorbia" with ordinary paints
adds to their tenacity and durability, and renders them more poisonous
and destructive to animal or vegetable life.
The said juices either in a fluid state or in a gummy or resinous state, 1
when used either alone or mixed with paints, are adapted for use in
protecting and preserving surfaces of wood, metal, stone, and other
material, but they are especially applicable for covering and protecting
surfaces of iron, for which they have been found to possess a strong
affinity.
The said juice also when applied either alone or mixed with a paint
to iron and other surfaces resists the chemical action of salt water
thercon.
The said juices also, when required for use alone as a cement, are
hardened by heat or by exposure to the air sufficiently to produce a
substance adapted to form a substitute for glue. And the substance so
procured is or may be mixed with chalk and clay or other suitable

page_text: ingredients when required for use in cements for flooring or building
purposes.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention communicated
to me from abroad as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as the said Invention
is,-
First. The adaptation and use of the juices of the "euphorbia" plant
as a paint or covering for protecting iron and other surfaces as herein-
before described.
And, secondly. The adaptation and use of the said juices as a cement
as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Pout, have hereunto set
my
hand and scal, the Eighteenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
ALFRED HARDS,
Yalding,
Kent,
Grocer & Draper.
HENRY POUT. (L.S.)