Improvements in Pessure Gauges.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 9th Dec., 1893
COME HELE SI PUIFICATIO
Improvements in Pessure Gauges.
We, HENRY RAUSER, CHARLES WIEBER and ALEXIS SOKOLOFF, Manu-
facturers, of Haus Rauser in der Staraja Bassmanaja, Moscow, Russia do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The pressure-gauge illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings
comprises a vessel A a globular weight B tube D, graduated scale E and a glass
tube F.
The cup of the vessel A is provided with a suitable hole or opening ordinarily
closed by means of a plug H so as to enable the vessel A to be filled with mercury
or any other suitable liquid up to the zero point in the gauge glass F. Through
the immersion of the ball the latter looses in effective weight and is lifted just far
enough to cause the conical valve C to open the passage into the steam inlet
tube D. The steam passes from the tube D through openings II in the ball B
into the vessel A. and forces the liquid from the latter through the passage N into
the open gauge glass F. As the level in the vessel A decreases so the effective
weight of the immersed ball-B increases till the balance is again restored between
the latter and the steam pressure in the boiler and in the inlet tube D. When the
balance is restored the conical valve C closes the tube D until the steam pressure
rises or until the steam in the vessel A condenses in which latter case the liquid
returns slowly from the gauge glass into the vessel and causes a decrease in the
effective weight of the ball B so that the steam pressure once more overcomes the
weight of the ball, the steam enters the vessel A and again raises the liquid in
the gauge glass F to its former level.
Hence a certain definite level of mercury in the gauge glass F corresponds with
each variation of the steam pressure.
The steam pressure on the liquid in the vessel A and the variations in the level
in the gauge glass F are reduced to a minimum as the steam passing through the
small opening of the valve C which is only slightly lifted, expands to a great
extent in the vessel A besides that a portion of the steam is allowed to escape
The internal diameter of the
through the nozzle G with the condensed water.
pipe & is much smaller than that of the pipe D.
Figs. 3 & 4 show a modification. In this case the weighted steam valve is
omitted.
The reduced steam pressure in the interior of the vessel which regulates the level
of the column is here simply controlled by the greater or less speed with which the
steam enters the vessel A.
In Figs. 3 and 4 a is the vessel containing the necessary quantity of liquid and
c is the steam inlet pipe provided with a small inlet hole d. The graduated scale is
indicated by the letter e while f represents the transparent gauge glass. The
condensed water outlet pipe is lettered g and the filling plug h.
The vessel a is filled with the liquid up to the zero of the scale of the gauge
glass. In allowing steam to pass from the tube c through the small hole d into the
vessel a, the steam expands in the latter and partly escapes with the condensed
water through the pipe g and exerts at the same time a reduced pressure on the
surface of the liquid in the vessel a so as to force a small portion of it into the gauge
glass f. If now the steam pressure increases the steam will flow with an increased
speed through the small hole d into the interior of the vessel a and produces
an increased pressure on the surface of the liquid so that another portion of the
latter is forced up the gauge glass f. The action continues till the speed of the

page_text: live steam and the escape steam balances the weight of the liquid column in
the tube f.
A decrease in the steam pressure produces obviously an opposite result, that is to
say when the speed of the steam entering through hole d decreases and consequently
the pressure on the surface of the liquid in the vessel a diminishes a portion of
the liquid column in the gauge glass freturns into the vessel a till the steam
pressure in the vessel again balances the weight of liquid column in the tube f.
With each variation in the steam pressure therefore corresponds a certain
reduced pressure in the vessel a and accordingly a certain definite level of the liquid
in the tube f.
The principle of the invention consists in the attainment of a minimum of
pressure on the liquid in the vessel as a result of which the employment of a greatly
reduced scale for an open steam gauge is rendered possible.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is ;-
1. A pressure gauge consisting of a vessel containing a suitable liquid in com-
bination with a gauge glass the characteristic feature of which is that for each
variation in the pressure of steam a definite reduced pressure is obtained in the
interior of the vessel for the purpose of reducing the level of the liquid in the
gauge glass substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. A pressure gauge such as claimed in the preceding claim the arrangement in
the vessel containing the liquid of a weight, the pressure of which on the inlet
valve varies with the level of the liquid in the vessel which itself varies with the
pressure of the steam so that a definite reduced pressure in the vessel and a definite
level of the liquid in the vessel and gauge glass correspond with each varying
pressure on the inlet valve substantially as described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
3. A pressure gauge such as described in which the cross sectional area of the
inlet and outlet passages respectively are of such proportion one to the other and to
the capacity of the vessel that each alteration in the outer pressure (i.e. in the
speed of the steam or other fluid) issuing through the inlet passage produces a
corresponding but reduced pressure in the vessel and a proportionate definite rise
or fall in the gauge glass substantially as described in the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete pressure
gauge substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. 1 & 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete pressure
gauge substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. 3 & 4 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1892
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicants.