CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES." PROAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Silvester Lees and Edward Lees, of Oldham, in the
County of Lancaster, (Cotton Spinners,) and George Henry Newton, of
the same Place, (Mechanic,) for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Silvester Lees, Edward
Lees, and George Henry Newton at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th December 1855.
We, SILVESTER LEES and EDWARD LEES, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, (Cotton Spinners,) and GEORGE HENRY NEWTON, of the same Place,
(Mechanic,) do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON & OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES, to be as follows; and consists in a new construction of that part
of spinning or doubling machinery commonly known as the "copping motion,"
by the use of a loose spindle in the builder or shaper, attached to which
spindle is a plate projecting through the under part & along the whole length
of the builder or shaper. The said plate is made in two or more parts, fastened
together by set screws or bolts, & in such a manner as to be able to alter the
position of the under part of the plate. The object of this variation is to alter

page_text: the length of the chase of the cop. This plate being acted on by the stud or
nut of the shaper screw, and rising or falling, gives motion to the loose spindle,
one end of which being in contact with the tongue of the builder or shaper,
works the said tongue in the manner required. The motion of the shaper or
builder is communicated to the faller by means of a series of levers, one of
which (the shaper lever) is placed in a horizontal position; it is attached at
one end by means of a stud to the shaper fixing. This lever has at one part
of its length a slot, in which is fixed a stud carrying a small bowl or pulley,
which falls on the top of the shaper and is moved by it. On the other end of
this lever is fixed by a stud an upright sliding bar, in the top part of which is
a long slot, through which the "faller" works, & by which means the bar is
kept firmly in its proper position. The lower end of this bar extends below
the shaper lever, and is also slotted. On the faller is fixed firmly a curved
finger or lever; at the end of this curved finger is attached by a stud the
"faller" lever. The lower end of this lever has an eye, through which & the
lower end of the sliding bar a stud is passed into the bottom of the locking
lever, where it is firmly fixed. This locking lever has at one part a square
steel pin or peg, which falls into the notch cut in the front edge of the upright
sliding bar when the "faller" is depressed, & thus causes the motion of the
shaper to act directly on the "faller" without the intervention of tooth gear,
which is a great evil, as in the old plan where the sector & pinion is used.
The upper end of the locking lever has a stud or peg, against which presses an
arm of a bell-crank lever, which works loose on the "faller." At the end
of the other arm of the bell-crank lever is a peg or stud, which, acting upon a
lever fixed in the headstock, gives the change of motion from backing off to
putting up, when the pin on the locking lever falls into the notch of the sliding
bar. Attached to the shaper lever is a fixing, which acts on the nut of the
stud of the backing-off plate, and thus tightens the chain gradually as the cop
builds, making the nose of the cop firmer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed &
by the said Silvester Lees, Edward Lees, and George Henry Newton in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th June 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SILVESTER
LEES and EDWARD LEES, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, (Cotton
Spinners), and GEORGE HENRY NEWTON, of the same Place, (Mechanic), send
greeting.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SILVESTER
LEES and EDWARD LEES, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, (Cotton
Spinners), and GEORGE HENRY NEWTON, of the same Place, (Mechanic), send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
them, the said Silvester Lees, Edward Lees, and George Henry Newton, Her
special licence that they, the said Silvester Lees, Edward Lees; and George
Henry Newton, their executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as they, the said Silvester Lees, Edward Lees, and George Henry Newton,
their executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully miglit make; use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES, upon the condition (amongst others) that they, the said Silvester
Lees, Edward Lees, and George Henry Newton, their exécutors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under their or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filled' in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Silvester Lees, Edward Lees, and
George Henry Newton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described' and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:
These improvements apply to that class of doubling & spinning machinery
called' self-acting mules, twining jennies, and other similar machines, whero
copping motions are used; and consist in a new and improved arrangement of
the various working parts of the same, whereby the machine is considerably
simplified; and a great economy effected in the cost of the machine, and in thé
steam or otlier power requisite to drive the same. Our improvements are
described as under. The use of a spindle and plates in the shaper or builder
to alter the length of the chase of the cop; a plate so fixed on the shaper lever
as to shorten gradually the length of the backing-off chain, making the nose
of the cop firmer. The motion of the shaper or builder is communicated to
the faller by means of levers, and all being fixed in the carriage or square, the
cop will not alter in shape by the springing of the carriage or floor, as when
the long rails and sector are used.

page_text: We now proceed to describe the method of carrying our Invention into
practical effect, reference being had to the annexed Sheet of Drawings and
letters marked thereon; the same letters indicate the same parts. The
copping motion is shown in a carriage without square. A, A, the front and
back timber of the carriage, to which the ends of the rail B are fixed. On
this rail slides the shaper box C, into which is fitted the shaper D. To the
shaper lever E is fixed a small pulley or bowl, which rests on the top of the
shaper; one end of this lever E is fixed by a stud to the bracket F, which is
firmly fixed to the back of the carriage A and rail B; the other end of this
lever is connected by a stud to the slide bar G., In the top part of the slide bar.
is a slot, through which passes the faller shaft H, which keeps the slide bar in
its proper position. On the faller shaft is fixed a curved finger I, at the end
of which is attached by means of a stud the faller lever J; the lower end of
this lever has a boss or eye, through which and the slot in the lower end of
the slide bar a stud is passed into the locking lever K, where it is firmly fixed.
The locking lever has at one part a square steel pin or peg L attached to it,
which peg falls into the notch M. in the sliding bar G, when the faller is
depressed. The upper end of the locking lever K has a stud or peg N,
against which presses one arm of the bell-crank lever O, which works loose on
the faller shaft. The horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever has a stud or
peg P; this stud acting upon a finger or lever Q, fixed in the headstock,
gives the change of motion from backing off to putting up, when the stud pin
in the locking lever falls in the notch of the slide bar, and thus causes the
motion of the shaper to act directly on the faller without the intervention of
tooth gear. To the shaper lever E is fixed a plate or bracket R, of such a
shape as to act upon the backing-off plate S, by pressing on the catch stud,
and thus tightens the chain gradually as the cop builds, making the nose of
the cop firmer. This tightening arrangement may be applied when the sector
and pinion is used. The faller is unlocked by means of a fixing T, attached
to the headstock, acting against the pin N in the top of the locking lever K,
when the carriage goes into gear; the reciprocating motion is imparted to the
shaper by means of a rack, fixed to the floor in the usual way. Fig. 3 is an
enlarged view of the shaper, shewing the improvements more distinctly,
consisting in the use of a loose spindle a; attached to said spindle is a plate b,
projecting through the under part and along the whole length of the builder or
shaper. The said plate is made in two or more parts, in such a manner as
to vary the position of the plates; the object of this variation is to alter the
length of the chase of the cop. These plates being acted on by the stud or

page_text: nut of the shaper screw (Fig. 1, U), and in rising or falling gives motion to
the loose spindle, one end being in contact with the tongue c of the builder or
shaper, works the said tongue in the manner required.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in which
the same may be carried into practical effect, we would remark that we claim
as our Invention, and desire to have secured to us by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, "the new mechanical arrangements and combinations
of parts above particularly described, and represented by the annexed Sheet
of Drawings, as constituting improvements in machinery for doubling and
spinning cotton and other fibrous materials, substantially as set forth and
described."
In witness whereof, we, the said Silvester Lees, Edward Lees, and
George Henry Newton, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-six.
SILVESTER LEES.
EDWARD LEES.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)
GEORGE HENRY NEWTON. (L.S.)