IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Makin, of Hollingworth, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES AND
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM."
Sealed the 4th August 1857, and dated the 11th March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Makin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th March 1857.
I, WILLIAM MAKIN, of Hollingworth, in the County of Chester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of placing or fixing an additional bridge near the
front of the furnace, over which the fire passes to and over the ordinary bridge.
I make the said additional bridge hollow, and by admitting the water to the
boiler at the under side of the furnace, so as to pass through the said hollow
bridge; on its way it will become partially heated before entering the boiler,
and thus cause a great saving of fuel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions.
the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Makin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th September 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MAKIN, of Hollingworth, in the County of Chester, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Makin, Her special license that I, the said William Makin,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Makin, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Makin, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Makin, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists in placing or fixing near the back of each flue, of
boilers having two inside flues or tubes, an additional bridge, under which the
heat or flame passes from- the bridge placed in the ordinary position at the
back of the fire bars. Both bridges are hollow, being composed of boiler plate
and rivetted to the flue, so that water may circulate through them by means of
suitable apertures; the said bridges being also applicable to any internal fire
flue. The heat or flame passes over the first bridge, projecting a portion of it
downwards, which, coming in contact with the back bridge, passes under it,
and also through any pipes or tubes the bridge may contain, to the main flue or
chimney. In consequence of the bridges being hollow, there is a great addition
of surface exposed to the heat, and also a great economy of fuel effected.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the accom-

page_text: panying Sheet of Drawings, with the figures and letters of reference thereon,
in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a flue or tube to which my im-
proved hollow bridges are attached; Fig. 2 is an external elevation of the
same; and Fig. 3 is a plan thereof. Figs. 4 and 5 are transverse sections of
the flue across the bridges; and Fig. 6 is a section of a boiler and flue,.
shewing the application of the hollow bridges. In the aforesaid Figures,
a represents the flue; b, the fire bars; and c, the first hollow bridge, with a
stay d. The additional bridge is shewn at e, having pipes or tubes f passing
through it. Water from the boiler enters the first bridge c through an aperture
g on the under side of the flue, and passes from the bridge to the boiler through
apertures or holes h at the sides of the fluc. Water enters the additional
bridge through the apertures or holes k at the sides of, the flue, and escapes
again to the boiler through the aperture or hole at the top of the flue. The
tubes or pipes fare placed in the additional bridge for giving more heating
surface. It is obvious, that in addition to the economy of heat and fuel
obtained by employing this arrangement, the bridges are prevented from
burning by the water circulating through them.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details hercin
set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the
principle thereof; but what I claim is, the application of hollow bridges to
boilers having two inner flues or tubes, and also to boilers having any internal
fire flue; and, secondly, the general arrangement of the bridges and apertures
for the circulation of water and obtaining increased heating surface, as all such
improvements are herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Makin, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Fourth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Makin, in the presence of
EDWARD T. HUONES,
WILLIAM MAKIN. (L.S.)
17, Cross Street, Manchester.