Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 19th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 19th Apr., 1887,
I JOHN TAYLOR of the firm of Messieurs John Taylor and Sons of Queen's Road
Nottingham Engineers and Ironfounders do hereby declare the nature of my invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to gas motor Engines and the object of my invention is to
obtain an explosion or working stroke at each revolution of the Engine by improved
and simple ineans.
For this purpose I employ two cylinders arranged preferably side by side, each
fitted with a piston and connecting rod connected to and actuating the same crank
and shaft, or if found desirable they may be connected to and actuate separate cranks
one placed in advance of the other."
gas
One of these cylinders is for drawing in, mixing and compressing the charge of
and air, which I call the compressing cylinder, and the other cylinder is for obtaining
power by the explosion of this charge in the manner hereafter explained, this cylinder
I call the power cylinder.
To the outward ends of these cylinders I attach a strong and suitable valve Box
containing a receptacle or chamber called the exploding chamber, for receiving the
compressed charge of gas and air.
This valve Box has also formed in it two cylinders truly bored and each fitted with
a rotating plug valve or piston; one to each cylinder, and actuated from Eccentrics
on the Engine Crank Shaft by rods and levers, or by other suitable means.
These two cylinders are each formed with three suitable ports or passages; one of
these ports in each communicating with its respective cylinder; the second port in
each with the exploding chamber, and the third with the atmosphere; one of these
latter belonging to the power cylinder forms the-Exhaust-Port for the escape of the
products of combustion, and the other of these latter ports belonging to the compressing
cylinder, I fit with a suitable valve or valves for admitting the proper mixture of air
and gas to the Engine.
The two rotating plug valves or Pistons working in the before mentioned valve
cylinders are formed with suitable passages or ports therein for effecting the

page_text: distribution of the gaseous mixture throughout the cycle of operations, and for
igniting the explosive mixture at the proper time as hereafter explained, both
cylinders and valve box are water jacketted to prevent over heating.
The operation is as follows:-On the first outward stroke of the two pistons towards
the crank shaft, when turning the fly wheel by hand or other suitable means, the
position of one port in the rotating valve of the compressing cylinder is such that a
charge of mixed gas and air is drawn from the gas and air valve Box into the
compressing cylinder during the whole outward stroke of its piston, and on the
return stroke this charge compressed and forced under pressure into the exploding
chamber the position of the rotating valve having in the meantime changed by the
action of the Eccentric so as to allow the mixture so to pass from the cylinder into
the chamber named, and at the same time to cut off the supply of the charge from the
gas and air valve, on the next outward stroke of the pistons the position of one of
the Ports in the rotating valve belonging to the power cylinder, is such that
communication is made between the exploding chamber and the power cylinder, and
as the compressed charge rushes through the ports effecting this communication_to
the power cylinder, it is ignited on reaching a flame carried by the rotating valve
from a master light outside. The result of the ignition of the charge is to propel
the piston of the power cylinder outwards, and thus make a working stroke of the
Engine.
On the return stroke of the piston which is effected by the momentum of the fly
wheel, the rotating valve changes its position so as to close the communication with
the exploding chamber, and opens communication between the power cylinder and
the atmosphere so as to allow the whole of the products of combustion to be driven
out of the cylinder and so leaving it ready for making another working stroke at the
next revolution.
Simultaneously with the outwards working and the return exhausting strokes of the
piston in the power cylinder, the piston of the compressing cylinder is drawing in its
charge compressing it, and forcing it into the exploding chamber, as before described;
so that when the engine is in full work, there is always a charge of compressed
mixture in the exploding chamber ready for being fired or ignited, and admitted to
the power cylinder at the commencement of every outward stroke of the power
piston.
As previously described the charge is ignited by a gas flame which is carried in a
port in the rotating valve, this port is so formed that it receives a small supply of
explosive mixtures, and as the valve rotates, one end of this port passes an opening in
the casing, where an outside or master light is constantly burning which ignites this
charge and carries the flame through the port in the plug to another small port
communicating with the power cylinder, to which it opens and fires the main charge
at the required time, the communication with the outside light having been previously
cut off.
Dated this Twenty third day of Novombo- 1006

page_text: I, JOHN TAYLOR of the firm of Messrs. John Taylor and Sons, of Queen's Road,
Nottingham, Engineers and Ironfounders, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention for AN IMPROVED GAS MOTOR ENGINE and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention relates to Gas Motor Engines; and the object of my invention is to
obtain an explosion, or working stroke, at each revolution of the Engine, by improved
and simple means.
For this purpose I employ two Cylinders, arranged preferably side by side, each
fitted with a piston and connecting rod, connected to and actuating the same Crank
and Shaft; or, if found desirable, they may be connected to, and actuate separate
Cranks, one placed in advance of the other.
One of these Cylinders is for drawing in, mixing and compressing the charge of
Gas and Air, which I call the Compressing cylinder; and the other Cylinder is for
obtaining power by the explosion of this charge; in the manner hereafter explained;
this Cylinder I call the power Cylinder. To the outwards ends of these Cylinders, I
attach a strong and suitable Valve Box, containing a receptacle or chamber called
the exploding Chamber, for receiving the compressed charge of Gas and Air. This
Valve box has also formed in it two Cylinders truly bored, and each fitted with a
rotating Plug Valve or Piston-one to each Cylinder-and actuated from eccentrics
on the Engine Crank Shaft by rods and levers, or by other suitable means.
These two Cylinders are each formed with three suitable ports or passages; one of
these ports in each, communicating with its respective Cylinder, the second port in
each with the exploding chamber, and the third with the Atmosphere; one of these
latter, belonging to the Power Cylinder, forms the exhaust port for the escape of the
products of combustion; and the other of these latter ports, belonging to the
Compressing Cylinder, I fit with a suitable Valve or valves for admitting the proper
mixture of Air and Gas to the Engines.
The two rotating Plug Valves or Pistons working in the before mentioned valve
Cylinders, are formed with suitable passages or ports therein, for effecting the
distribution of the Gaseous mixture throughout the cycle of operations; and for
igniting the explosive mixture at the proper time as hereafter explained. Both
Cylinders and Valve box are water jacketted to prevent over-heating.
The operation is as follows:-On the first outward stroke of the two pistons
towards the Crank Shaft, when turning the Fly Wheel by hand or other suitable
means, the position of one port in the Rotating Valve of the Compressing Cylinder is
such, that a charge of mixed Gas and Air is drawn from the Gas and Air Valve box
into the Compressing Cylinder during the whole outward stroke of its Piston; and
on the return stroke this charge is compressed and forced under pressure into the
exploding Chamber, the position of the Rotating Valve having in the meantime
•

page_text: .
changed by the action of the eccentric, so as to allow the mixture so to pass from the
Cylinder into the Chamber named ; and at the same time to cut off the supply of the
charge from the Gas and Air Valve. On the next outward stroke of the Pistons,
the position of one of the ports in the Rotating Valve belonging to the power
Cylinder is such, that communication is made between the exploding chamber and
the power Cylinder; and as the compressed charge rushes through the ports effecting
this communication to the power Cylinder it is ignited on reaching a Flame carried
by a Rotating or reciprocating Valve from a Master Light outside. The result of the
ignition of the charge is to propel the Piston of the Power Cylinder outwards, and
thus make a working stroke of the Engine.
On the return stroke of the Piston, which is effected by the momentum of the Fly-
Wheel, the rotating valve changes its position, so as to close the communication with
the exploding chamber; and opens communication between the Power Cylinder and
the Atmosphere, so as to allow of the products of combustion to be driven out of the
Cylinder; and so leaving it ready for making another working stroke at the next
revolution.
Simultaneously with the outwards working and the return exhausting strokes of
the Piston in the Power Cylinder, the piston of the Compressing Cylinder is drawing
in its charge, compressing it, and forcing it into the exploding Chamber, as before
described; so that when the Engine is in full work, there is always a charge of
Compressed mixture in the exploding Chamber ready for being fired or ignited, and
admitted to the power Cylinder at the commencement of every outward stroke of the
Power Piston.
As previously described, the charge is ignited by a Gas flame, which is carried in a
port in a Rotating or reciprocating Valve or Piston.
This port is so formed, that it receives a small supply of explosive mixture; and as
the Valve rotates or reciprocates, one end of this Port passes an opening in the Casing,
where an outside or Master light is constantly burning; which ignites this charge;
and carries the flame through the port in the Plug or Piston, to another small port
communicating with the Power Cylinder or Exploding Chamber; to which it opens
and fires the main charge at the required time, the communication with the outside
light having previously been cut off.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, and readily carried into
effect; I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference
being had to the letters and figures marked thereon.
of
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a Gas Motor Engine on my improved system.
Fig. 2 a plan of the same partly in longitudinal section through line 1-2 (Fig. 1)
the Igniting Valve Box.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation through line 5-6 (Fig. 2) of the Power Cylinder.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation through line 7-8 (Fig. 2) of the Compressing
Cylinder.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
In these views A is the Power Cylinder, B the Compressing Cylinder, arranged
alongside one another, with their respective Pistons A and B connected by the
Connecting Rods C and D to the Crank Shaft E. F is the exploding Chamber
arranged behind the Power and Compressing Cylinders A and B ; and in com-
munication with both by the Ports P-P2 and R-R². The Exploding Chamber F
has two Cylinders G and H formed in it, bored taper, and each fitted with an
adjustable liner or Bush G¹ and H¹ turned taper to fit the Cylinders G and H, bored
parallel inside, and split longitudinally, so that they may be adjusted endways to take
up any possible wear between them and the Rotating Plug or distributing Valves K
and I, which are turned to fit the Liners, in which they are partially rotated
backwards and forwards on the Steel Centres shewn, by the Levers M & N, Eccentric
Rods M and N1, and Eccentrics M² and N. The two Valve Cylinders G and H,
and Bushes G-H³, have each three Ports P, P¹ and P2-R, R and R formed in
them. Port P communicates with the Power Cylinder A. Port R with the

page_text: Compressing Cylinder B. Ports P2 and R' with the Exploding Chamber F. Port P¹
with the Atmosphere-forming the Exhaust Port for the escape of the products of
combustion from Cylinder A; and Port R is fitted at its outer end with a mixing
box S, fitted with Valve T for the admission of Gas from the Chamber and Pipe T to
the mixing Box S.
The opening of the Valve T for the admission of Gas is regulated by the
Governor X, Lever V, Rods V and V2, and lever V; which are so adjusted, that
during the ordinary working of the Engine at its normal speed, their position is as
shewn in the Drawings; and, is such, that during the outward strokes of the
Pistons A¹ B', a steel knife-edged tappet Y on Lever N comes in contact, during its
forward motion, with a steel V tappet on the Rod V2, communicates motion to the
Rod V, and lever V3; and thereby opens the Valve T.
When the Engine is running above its normal speed, the Governor alters the
position of the levers and rods, so that the V tappet is moved out of the path of the
tappet Y on lever N, by which means Valve T is not opened for the admission of Gas
to the Engine, until it has returned to it normal speed again.
The rotating Plug or distributing Valves K and L, have each formed in them
suitable passages 0, 0¹, 02, and Os as shewn, for the proper distribution of the Gases;
as hereafter explained.
The mode of operation is as follows:-
On the first outward stroke of the two Pistons A¹ and B' towards the Crank-
Shaft E, when turning the Fly Wheel by hand or otherwise; the position of the
port O³ is such, that a charge of Gas is drawn past the Valve T from the Gas Pipe T¹,
into the Air Chamber S; where it is mixed with a suitable supply of Air; and drawn
therewith into the Compressing Cylinder B, during the whole outward stroke of the
Piston B¹. On the return stroke of the Piston B', owing to the action of the
Eccentric N2, the position of the Valve L is changed to that shewn in Fig. 4, so as to
close the Port R¹, and open communication between the Cylinder B, and exploding
chamber F, by means of ports R and R³, and passage 02 in Valve L.
The Piston B' in returning compresses, and forces under pressure, the whole of the
explosive mixture in B into the exploding chamber. F. On the next outward stroke
of the Pistons A¹, B, the position of the Valve K belonging to the Power cylinder A,
is such that communication is made between the exploding chamber F, and power
Cylinder A, by means of Port P³, passage O in Valve K, and port P, for the
passage of the compressed or ignited charge behind the Power Piston A¹.
At, or about the commencement of the outward stroke of Pistons A¹ B¹, the
Gaseous charge in Chamber F, and passages leading to Cylinder A is fired through
Port Q, by means of the Igniting Piston J, and Cylinder J explained hereafter.
The result of the ignition of the charge is to propel the Piston A' of power Cylinder A¹
outwards, and to thus make a working stroke of the Engine. On the return stroke
of the Piston A¹, which is effected by the momentum of the Fly-Wheel; the Valve K
changes its position, so as to close the communication 0¹ and P between Cylinder A
and Chamber F; and opens communication by passage O' in Valve K between
Cylinder A and port P', leading to the Atmosphere; the whole assuming the position
shewn in Fig. 3; so as to allow the whole of the products of combustion to be
driven out of the Cylinder A, when the Piston A' has returned to the inwards end of
its stroke; so leaving it ready for making another working stroke at the next
revolution.
Simultaneous with the outwards working, and the return exhausting strokes of the
Piston A¹ in the power Cylinder A; the Piston B₁ of the Compressing Cylinder B is
drawing in its gaseous mixture or charge, is compressing it, and forcing it into the
exploding Chamber F; as before described; so that when the Engine is in full
work, there is always a charge of compressed gaseous mixture in the exploding
chamber F, ready for being fired or ignited, and admitted to the power Cylinder A,
at the commencement of every outward stroke of the power Piston A¹.
The ignition or firing of the charge, as previously named, is effected by the
Igniting Piston J, and Cylinder J'. The Piston J receives motion by means of

page_text: Links N³ from lever N; and has formed in it a Port J¹, which receives a small
supply of gaseous mixture from the exploding chamber F, through a small hole J' in
the Piston J, and down a continuation of this hole down the centre of the Screw,
shown passing through the Piston to the Port J¹; the mixture escaping in a small
current either at the end of this screw; or by means of one or more small holes
round its circumference, into the Port J. As the Piston J in its travel passes the
opening or Port U' in the Cylinder J³, the gaseous mixture escaping from the end of
the screw before-mentioned, is ignited by the Master light constantly burning outside
in Chimney U.
On the return of Piston J, the Flame burning in Port J¹ is carried with it, until
port J' opens to port Q cominunicating with the main charge in exploding chamber F;
which it instantly fires or ignites at the required time; the communication between
the port J¹, and the Master light burning in U having at the instant before been cut
off, by reason of the motion of the Piston J.
I have described my improved arrangement and construction of Gas Motor Engines
as applied for horizontal Engines; but it is equally applicable to Vertical or Diagonal
Engines.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and constructed; I declare that what
I claim is :-
1-In Gas Motor Engines, the particular arrangement, construction, and combi-
nation of the power cylinder A, and the compressing Cylinder B, with their pistons A¹
and B¹ respectively, the exploding chamber F,-distributing Valves K and L, and the
other parts as shewn; whereby one working stroke of the power piston A¹ is obtained
at each revolution of the Crank Shaft; substantially as shewn, and for the purposes
all as described herein.
2-The use and particular construction of partially rotating or revolving distri-
buting Valves K and L, placed between the Cylinders A and B, and exploding
chamber F; for effecting the proper distribution of the gaseous mixture; substantially
in the manner, and for the purposes herein before shewn and described.
Dated this Seventeenth day of March 1887.