Improvements in the Manufacture of Red Bricks, Terra-cotta, Tiles, and similar Goods.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th June, 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Red Bricks, Terra-cotta, Tiles,
and similar Goods.
We JOHN RYDER AND SONS LIMITED, of the Brick and Terra-cotta Works,
Openshaw, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Brick and Terra-cotta
Makers, and JOHN RYDER of 41 Brunswick Street Openshaw, aforesaid,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
The object of this invention is to produce a brilliant red brick, tile or other similar
article from a common clay, shale, or marl, which shall as near as possible
approach in appearance to a brick tile or other article made from the clay or marl
found at or near Ruabon.
To produce this effect bricks and tiles made from common clay, shale, or marl,
have been dipped in or coated with a suitable coloring liquid; but the results have
not been satisfactory as the appearance was inferior, especially in the case of bricks
made from a sandy clay, and the coating was liable to be chipped off.
According to our invention however we produce a brick, tile, or other article,
from common clay, shale, or marl, which is when finished colored to a brilliant red.
For this purpose we mix with any common clay, shale, or marl, suitable for the
manufacture of bricks, tiles or other articles, a suitable proportion of carbonate of
barytes (commercial barium carbonate).
We have found a suitable proportion to be about one ounce of carbonate of barytes
to about eight or nine pounds of common clay, shale, or marl, but we do not wish to
confine ourselves to this exact proportion.
The manner of mixing the carbonate of barytes with the common clay shale or
marl may also be varied.
For example, if the desired article is to be made from powdered clay, shale, or
marl, it will be found preferable to employ the carbonate of barytes also in a finely
powdered state, or if the article is to be made from ordinary plastic clay or from
slip the carbonate of barytes may be in a fluid state either as a mixture or in
solution; or the same may be applied mixed with " slip" as a paint or dip to the
surface only.
Its application can however be adapted to suit the requirements of the special
method employed in the manufacture of the bricks, tiles, ornamental slabs or other
shapes or articles desired, but the mixture of the clay shale or marl with the
carbonate of barytes should be very thorough.
The brick or other article having been pressed or moulded into shape is burned
in the usual way and will become colored to the brilliant red before described.
Dated this 20th day of September 1894.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Red Bricks, Terra-cotta, Tiles,
and similar Goods.
We JOHN RYDER AND SONS LImited, of the Brick and Terra-cotta Works,
Openshaw, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Brick and Terra-cotta
Makers, and JOHN RYDER of 41 Brunswick Street, Openshaw, aforesaid,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to produce a brilliant red brick, tile or other similar
article from a common clay shale, or marl, which shall as near as possible approach
in appearance to a brick, tile, or other article made from the clay or marl found at
or near Ruabon.
To produce this effect bricks and tiles made from common clay, shale, or marl,
have been dipped.in or coated with a suitable coloring liquid, but the results have
not been satisfactory as the appearance was inferior, especially in the case of bricks
made from a sandy clay, and the coating was liable to be chipped off.
According to our invention however we produce a brick, tile, or other article,
from common clay, shale, or marl, which is when finished colored to a brilliant red.
For this purpose we mix with any common clay, shale, or marl, suitable for the
manufacture of bricks, tiles or other articles, a suitable proportion of carbonate of
barytes (commercial barium. carbonate).
We have found, a suitable proportion to be about one ounce of carbonate of
barytes to about eight or nine pounds of common clay, shale or marl, but we do not
wish to confine ourselves to this exact proportion.
The manner of mixing the carbonate of barytes with the common clay shale or
marl may also be varied.
For example, if the desired article is to be made from powdered clay, shale, or
marl, it will be found preferable to employ the carbonate of barytes also in a finely
powdered state and in this case we prefer to deliver the powdered clay shale or
marl and the carbonate of barytes in the required proportions, either by known
automatic means or by hand, to the mixing machine usually employed by brick-
makers where the ingredients become thoroughly and intimately mixed together.
Or if the article is to be made from ordinary plastic clay or from slip the carbonate
of barytes may be in a fluid state either as a mixture or in solution.
Its application can however be adapted to suit the requirements of the special
method employed in the manufacture of the bricks, tiles, ornamental slabs or other
shapes or articles desired, but the mixture of the clay shale or marl with the
carbonate of barytes should be very thorough.
The brick or other article having been pressed or moulded into shape is burned in
the usual way and will become colored to the brilliant red before described.
We may in some cases apply the carbonate of barytes in proportions as above
described to a "slip" (made from the aforesaid clay shale or marl) as a dip or paint
to the surface of a brick tile or other article made of common clay shale or marl
in this case however the brick tile or other article will not be colored throughout
its entire thickness.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improved manufacture of red bricks tiles and similar articles by the
intimate mixture with the clay shole or marl of which the article is to be formed

page_text: of a suitable proportion of carbonate of barytes substantially as and for the purposes
herein before set forth.
2. The improved manufacture of red bricks tiles and similar articles by applying
to such article before burning a dip or paint composed of a mixture of "slip
and carbonate of barytes substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set
forth.
3. Bricks, tiles, and similar articles colored by a mixture of common clay, shale,
or marl, or a "slip" formed therefrom, with a suitable proportion of carbonate of
barytes substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 19th day of June 1895.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.