IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC MACHINES TO BE APPLIED AS A MOTIVE. POWER
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Davies and Edward Hutchinson, both
of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC MACHINES TO BE APPLIED AS A MOTIVE.
POWER."
Sealed the 1st September 1871, and dated the 8th March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Davies and
Edward Hutchinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 8th March 1871.
We, EDWARD DAVIES and EDWARD HUTCHINSON, both of Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC MACHINES TO BE APPLIED AS A
MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of obtaining an economical
and effective motive power by the means of hydraulics, and consists in
the employment of rotary buckets contained in a circular casing that
are caused to revolve by the action of force and suction, and so give
motion to gearing and pulleys for hoisting material or for other puposes.

page_text: The circular casing containing the buckets is placed in an intermediato
position between a cistern or reservoir and a well, the connection
between the two being effected by pipes arranged in the following
manner :—The inlet pipe from the upper cistern or lend of water admits
water which washes into the circular casing so as to fill and propel
the buckets at an angle of about forty-five degrees, from whence as the
buckets are propelled the water is allowed to escape at an outlet into
a vertical pipe of larger bore at a point below the vertical center of
the revolving buckets. The inlet and outlet pipes are provided with
taps connected together by rods that when acted upon simultaneously
are caused to open or close the two thoroughfares. The outlet pipe
terminates in a cistern or well provided with an escape or overflow, this
said overflow acts upon the plunger of a pump or other equivalent
which gives motion thereto for the purpose of forcing from the well
or exhaust receiver a portion of the water through pipes up again to
the supply feed, thus economizing the use of the water employed as the
medium of driving.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Davies and Edward Hutchinson in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, Edward
DAVIES and EDWARD HUTCHINSON, both of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victorin, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Edward Davies and Edward Hutchinson,
Her special licenso that we, the said Edward Davics and Edward
Hutchinson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Edward Davies and Edward Hutchinson, our excoutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
MACHINES TO BE APPLIED AS A MOTIVE Power,” upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Edward Davics and Edward Hutchinson, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Davies, on behalf of myself
and the said Edward Huchinson, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
Our Invention of "Improvements in Hydraulic Machines to be applied
as a Motive Power" consists in the arrangement herein-after described
of two sets of vanes or floats in a revolving wheel combined with two
set of ports or orifices in the casing in which the wheel revolves, thereby
constituting a double turbine or water wheel for working hoists or for
other similar uses. The said wheel with its arrangement of vanes or
floats and the casing with its ports or orifices are contained in a water
chamber in suitable communication with an inlet and an outlet pipe.
The inlet pipe from the upper cistern or head of water admits water
which rushes through the ports in the circular casing so as to act on
the vanes at about an angle of forty-five degrees, the water being after-
wards allowed to escape at an outlet into a vertical pipe of larger bore,
at a point below the vertical centre of the revolving wheel. The inlet
and outlet pipes are provided with taps connected together by rods
that when acted upon simultaneously are caused to open or close the
two water passages as required. The outlet pipe terminates in a cistern
or well provided with an escape or overflow, which is caused to act on
the plunger of a pump or other equivalent arrangement for returning
a portion of the water through pipes up again to the supply feed, thereby
economizing the use of water employed as the medium for driving the
apparatus. The motion of the revolving wheel is transmitted by suitable
gearing to the hoisting or other apparatus required to be driven.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention we will proceed
to describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed

page_text: the driving wheel with its appurtenances and its application as a hoist.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig 1 is a sectional elevation of the hydraulic machine; Fig. 2 is a
plan or horizontal view partly in section on the line x, y, in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of the water chamber partly open showing the
casing with its ports or orifices, such casing being composed of two
rings, one moveable & and the other stationary 7.
Fig. 4 is a similar view shewing the stationary ring 2, the moveable
ring being removed.
Fig 5. shews an adaptation of one half only of the moveable sluice
ring k only for the upper part of the wheel.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal section showing a modification of the ports of
the said two rings.
Figs. 7 and 8 (Sheet 2) shew on a reduced scale the adaptation of the
turbine for driving hoisting apparatus. In all these several Figures
the same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts:
a is the water chamber, 6 is the wheel with its two sets of vanes or
floats c, c, one over the other set; d, d, are the ports or orifices leading
from the chamber a into the vanes or floats c, c, in the oblique direction
shown in Fig. 2; e is the inlet pipe leading from the upper cistern or
head of water; is the outlet; g is the gearing for transmitting motion
from the vertical shaft to the sluice ring &; the motion of the wheel
bis communicated to hoisting or other apparatus required to be driven
by means of the shaft m, It will be evident that on water entering the
chamber a by the inlet pipe it will pass through the ports or orifices
d, d, into the vanes or floats c, c, and thereby give motion to the wheel b,
the escaping water passing out into the tail race, or a cistern, or pipe.
By this means motion will be given through the gearing to the
hoisting apparatus.
In the arrangement shewn at Fig. 6 a limited number only of the
ports can be closed at a time, while on the outer ring as shown at Fig. 2
being moved, all the ports are narrowed at the same time.
Fig. 7 shews the hydraulic apparatus fixed at the bottom of the
building and connected with hoisting pulleys at the top. Fig. 8 shews

page_text: the same fixed on an upper floor and acting by the suction of the water
rushing out of the turbine down a pipe f¹ into a cistern i at the bottom
of the building, which cistern has an overflow pipe k' to take the water
away. Or there may be fixed an hydraulic ram for forcing part of the
water up again into the top cistern if required.
When only a small power is required the apparatus may be arranged
and constructed with only one wheel with its set of vanes or floats, which
will lessen the necessary depth of the case and be more economical.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we
claim as of our Invention is, the combination of parts to form an
hydraulic apparatus consisting of a wheel with two sets of vanes or
floats and a casing with ports or orifices respectively formed and arranged
as represented and described, combined with a water chamber and other
parts as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Davies, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Edward Hutchinson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of September in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
CHARLES BENTLEY,
Liverpool.
EDWARD DAVIES. (L.S.)