Improved Method and Apparatus for Collecting and Transporting Refuse.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Dec., 1896-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method and Apparatus for Collecting and Transporting
Refuse.
I, ALEXANDER HARTWIOU, of I Renngasse No. 6, Vienna, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for collecting and
transporting house, street and market refuse, in such manner as to avoid the
production of dust, and it consists in the use for this purpose of certain collecting
boxes, which are loaded on to road vehicles for conveying the same to localities
where the hoxes are emptied into closed railway or other trucks which are formed
with compartments having sloping sides containing openings that are closed by
flaps in such manner that they open automatically on introducing a refuse box into
the opening for discharging the contents into the compartment, and then close
again. Such openings are either inside the trucks or in the roofs thereof.
The collecting boxes, which are provided within the houses for receiving the
refuse, as also in suitable positions in the streets, may either, on the one hand, be
loaded on to special collecting vans which convey them to railway stations, or to
wharves where their contents are discharged into special trucks or into ships, to be
conveyed to the final destination at a distance, and during the transit the refuse
may be moistened and disinfected by menus of steam; or on the other hand, the
boxes may be at once emptied into suitably constructed closed trucks, whereby the
refuse is directly conveyed to its final destination.
On the accompanying drawings are shewn various constructions of apparatus for
carrying out both the above described methods of operating.
Fig. 1 shews a side and front view of one of the collecting boxes;
Fig. 2 a side view of the vehicle for conveying the loaded boxes to their
destination,
Fig. 3 shews a part section of the vehicle;
Figs. 4 and 5 shew respectively a seotional side view and a cross section of a
railway truck with transversely arrang ed compartments for receiving the refuse
from the boxes.
Fig. 6 shews a railway truck with a passage arranged in the roof for the
discharge of the boxes.
Fig. 7 shews a portion of the roof of a railway truck having openings into
which can be fitted a hopper such as is shewn in front and side view at
Fig. 8.
Figs. 9 to 11 shew various constructions of road vehicles for receiving the
refuse from the collecting boxes.
Fig. 12 shews an enlarged detail hereof.
As shewn at Fig. 1, the collecting boxes A are made of a rectangular tapering
form, for facilitating the discharge of their contents, and preventing the adhesion
thereof to the sides. They are provided with an outwardly opening cover a and
with two lateral handles a' above which are studs a' serving as abutments when in
the discharging position.
The bottom a of the box is recessed so as to be more readily laid hold of when
emptvinz.

page_text: For conveying the refuse to the places of discharge, the collecting boxes are
placed upon a specially constructed vehicle such as is shewn at Figure 2. The
platform B mounted on wheels B' forms the base of a receptacle which is divided
by means of external uprights & carrying the roof, and internal transverse beams
or partitions Figure 3 into compartments, which are separately enclosed at the
sides by means of revolving shutters & sliding in grooves in the uprights b, and
which may serve for advertisements.
The platform B is provided with augle rails 61 on which slide the refuse boxes A.
In order that during transport the revolving shutters may not be damaged by tho
boxes, A, each compartment is provided with a guard rail, the end of which can
be slid up and down'in guides & fixed to the uprights, as at Fig. 3.
On introducing and removing the boxes, the rail is pushed upward until it is
above the ledges b' fixed to the guides 6, whereupon an inwardly pressing spring b
holds the rail in the raised position shewn in dotted lines.
"The boxes having been conveyed by this vehicle to the locality of discharge, the
boxes have their contents discharged into the special railway trucks or ships without
producing dust..
In the arrangement of railway transport truck for this purpose shewu at
Figures 4 and 5, the body of the truck is divided by partitions into compart
ments C C C of which the middle one C which serves as the unloading space, is
provided with doors c' on each side.
The partitions e are forined sloping at their upper part and the entire middle
unloading space is enclosed at top by a raised light & having opening windows c
The inclined part of the partition has openings c closed by self closing flap
doors fitting dust proof upon them, into which openings are introduced the open
ends of the refuse boxes A for emptying them.
The manipulation on emptying the refuse boxes is as follows:-
The space C having been closed by its doors the boxes are seized by the handles a
and are raised to the discharge openings o, so that the front edge of the box
touches the bottom edge of the Hap door c. The box then has its lower end raised
and tipped towards the discharge opening the flap door and the cover of the box,
in bearing against each other remain closed until, by the pressure of the refuse in
the box, they are both forced open, during which time the box enters the discharge
opening until the studs a² on the box bear against the sides of the opening. The
contents having been shot into the compartment C, the box is withdrawn from the
opening, whereupon the weighted flap c will automatically close again, so that all
escape of dust or of refuse during the emptying is prevented.
On the partitions o inay be provided folding steps c for facilitating the raising
of the hoxes to the discharge openings.
The accumulated refuse in the compartments C, is distributed evenly by means
of a rake against the sides of the compartment, for which purpose openings with
sliding doors c' are provided in the partitions o, through which the rake is introduced.
The compartments Chave at the sides flap doors c for rapidly discharging the
refuse at the place of delivery.
The vehicle shewn at Figure 6 is constructed similar to that at Figure 3,
with an inner discharging space, but instead of the middle discharging space it is
formed with a closed roof passage, accessible through doors c' at the euds. The
sides of the roof passage have a series of discharging openings arranged side by
side, and having self closing flap doors c to which openings the refuse boxes are
brought by means of a small truck c running on rails on the floor of the passage.
The introduction of the refuse boxes is effected from an incline; the discharge
of the refuse is effected progressively through the successive openings in rotation.
The discharge of the vehicle is also effected from the longitudinal sides.
Instead of charging the vehicle from the interior, it can also be charged from
the outside, through the roof as shewn at Figure 7, for which purpose the roof is
provided with a number of openings closed tightly by covers co, and accessible
from an incline or raised platform.

page_text: The discharge of the refuse boxes A is in this case not effected directly through
the openings ol but by means of a movable hopper D Figure 8, which is placed
over the opening in the roof, and which has a charging opening in its front
inclined face, closed by a flap cover e'.
On charging the refuse, the cover of the first opening co of the roof is opened
and the hopper is placed on the opening, after which the refuse boxes are
discharged into it.
As the one part of the vehicle becomes filled, the hopper is shifted to the next
roof-opening, and so on until the vehicle is quite full.
For discharging the vehicle, flap doors are provided in the side walls.
For disinfecting the refuse, in the vehicle, there are provided pipe nozzles c¹¹
(Figures 4, 5 and 6) in the floor thereof, the projecting ends of which nozzles are
protected by caps, while tho outer ends of the pipes can be connected to a steam
supply.
If the transport of the refuse is to be effected by means of ships, these are
provided with a closed tauk for the reception thereof which is arranged with
appliances similar to those of the vehicles for charging.
Figures 9 to 11 shew by way of example three different constructions of vehicles
for receiving the refuse from the boxes in situ.
The discharge of the boxes into the receptacle C can either be effected from a
footboard e Figure 9, or from a middle platform e Figure 10, or, when the
receptacle is kept very low in height from the road level, (Figure 11).
In all cases the receptacles Care discharged through lateral doors, as in the
previous cases. The charging hopper D, is removed after the receptacle has been
filled, and stored in a convenient part of the vehicle.
For facilitating the charging of the street or market refuse into the receptacle C¹
of the collecting vehicle Figures 9 to 11, the cover of the receptacle is advan-
tageously made in two halves connected together by a hinge f Figure 12, in which
halves the charging openings eo are provided.
These covers are secured both in the open and in the closed position by means
of lateral hooked rods f' hooking onto studs f, f.
The collection of the street and market refuso enn of course also be effected by
means of the refuse boxes A, which would be kept for this purpose in suitable
stands. These boxes would be conveyed on band trucks to the points where the
refuse is collected, and after filling them they are conveyed back to the stand, and
are exchanged, for empty boxes.
In this way it is possible to collect the street and market refuse rapidly in dust-
tight enclosures, and thus to prevent the production of dust in the streets. The
filled boxes are then from time to time loaded on to the collecting vehicles and
conveyed to the discharge locality.
Dated the 25th day of Anril 1896
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method and Apparatus for Collecting and Transporting
Refuse.
I, ALEXANDER HARTWICH, of 1 Renngasse No. 6, Vienna, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for collecting

page_text: and transporting house, street and market refuse, in such manner as to avoid the
production of dust, and it consists in the use for this purpose of certain collecting
boxes, which are loaded on to road vehicles for conveying the same to localities
where the boxes are emptie 1 into closed railway or other trucks which are formed
with compartments having sloping sides containing openings that are closed by
flaps in such manner that they open automatically on introducing a refuse box into
the opening for discharging the contents into the compartment and then close again.
Such openings are either inside the trucks or in the roofs thereof.
The collecting boxes, which are provided within the houses for receiving the
refuse, as also in suitable positions in the streets, may either, on the one hand, bo
loaded on to special collecting vans which convey then to railway stations, or to
wharves where their contents are discharged into special trucks or into ships, to be
conveyed to the final destination at a distance, and during the transit the refuse
may be moistened and disinfected by means of steain; or on the other hand, the
boxes may be at once emptied into suitably constructed closed trucks, whereby the
refuse is directly conveyed to its final destination.
On the drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification are shewn various
constructions of apparatus for currying out both the above described methods of
operating.
Figure 1 shows a side and frout view of one of the collecting boxes.
Figure 2 a side view of the vehicle for conveying the loaded boxes to their
destination.
Figure 3 shews a part section of the vehicle;
Figures 4 and 5 shew respectively a sectional side view and a cross section of a
railway truck with transversely arranged compartiments for receiving the refuse
from the boxes.
Figure 6 shews a railway truck with a passage arranged in the roof for the
discharge of the boxes.
Figure 7 shews a portion of the roof of a railway truck having openings into
which can be fitted a hopper such as is shewn in front and side view at Figure 8.
Figures 9 to 11 shew various constructions of road vehicles for receiving the
refuse from the collecting boxes.
Figure 12 shews an enlarged detail hereof.
As shewn at Figure 1 the collecting boxes A are made of a rectangular tapering
form, for facilitating the discharge of their contents, and preventing the adhesion
thereof to the sides. They are provided with an outwardly opening cover a and
with two lateral handles a' above which are studs a' serving as abutments when in
the discharging position.
The bottom a of the box is recessed so as to be more readily laid hold of when
emptying.
For conveying the refuse to the places of discharge, the collecting boxes are
placed upon a specially constructed vehicle such as is shewn at Figure 2. The
platform B mounted on wheels B' forms the base of a receptacle which is divided
by means of external uprights 6 carrying the roof, and internal transverse beams
or partitions Figure 3 into compartments, which are separately enclosed at the
sides by means of revolving shutters & sliding in grooves b' in the uprights b, and
which may serve for advertisements.
The platform B is provided with angle rails 6 on which slide the refuse
boxes A. In order that during trausport the revolving shutters may not be
damaged by the boxes A, each compartinent is provided with a guard rail 6, the
end of which can be slid up and down in guides 6 fixed to the uprights as at
Figure 3.
On introducing and removing the boxes, the rnil 6 is pushed upward until it is
above the ledges 6' fixed to the guides 6 whereupon an inwardly pressing spring b
holds the rail in the raised position shewn in dotted lines.
The boxes having been conveyed by this vehicle to the locality of discharge, the

page_text: Doxes have their contents discharged into the special railway trucks or snips
without producing dust.
In the arrangement of railway transport truck for this purpose shewn at
Figures 4 and 6, the body of the truck is divided by partitions o into com-
partments C C C of which the middle one C which serves as the unloading space,
is provided with doors c' on each side.
The partitions are formed sloping at their upper part and the entire
middle unloading space is enclosed at top by a raised light having opening
windows d.
The inclined part of the partition has openings colosed by self closing flap
doors fitting dust proof upon them, into which openings are introduced the open
ends of the refuse boxes A for emptying them.
The manipulation on emptying the refuse boxes is as follows:-
The space C having been closed by its doors the boxes are seized by the
handles a¹ and are raised to the discharge openings c, so that the front edge of the
box touches the bottom edge of the flap door c. The box then has its lower end
raised and tipped towards the discharge opening; the Hap door and the cover of
the box, in bearing against each other remain closed until, by the pressure of the
refuse in the box, they are both forced open, during which time the box enters
the discharge opening until the studs a' on the box bear against the sides of the
opening. The contents having been shot into the compartment C', the hox
is withdrawn from the opening, whereupon the weighted flap c will automatically
close again, so that all escape of dust or of refuse during the emptying is
prevented.
On the partitions o may be provided folding steps of for facilitating the raising
of the boxes to the discharge openings.
The accumulated refuse in the compartments C, is distributed evenly by means
of a rake against the sides of the compartment, for which purpose openings with
sliding doors care provided in the partitions c, through which the rake is
introduced. The compartments C have at the sides flap doors for rapidly
discharging the refuse at the place of delivery.
The vehicle shewn at Figure 6 is constructed similar to that at Figure 3, with
an inner discharging space, but instead of the middle discharging space it is
formed with a closed roof passage, accessible through doors c' at the ends. The
sides of the roof passage have a series of discharging openings arranged side
by side, and having self closing flap doors c to which openings the refuse boxes
are brought by means of a small truck running on rails on the floor of the
passage.
The introduction of the refuse boxes is effected from an incline; the discharge
of the refuse is effected progressively through the successive openings in
rotation.
The discharge of the vehicle is also effected from the longitudinal sides.
Instead of charging the vehicle from the interior, it can also be charged from
the outside, through the roof as shewn at Figure 7, for which purpose the roof is
provided with a number of openings closed tightly by covers co, and accessible
from an incline or raised platform.
The discharge of the refuse boxes A is in this case not effected directly through
the openings but by means of a movable hopper D Figure 8, which is placed
over the opeuing in the roof, and which has a charging opening in its front
iuclined face, closed by a flap cover c*.
On charging the refuse, the cover of the first opening o¹0 of the roof is opened
and the hopper is placed on the opening, after which the refuse boxes are discharged
into it.
As the one part of the vehicle becomes filled the hopper is shifted to the next
roof opening, and so on until the vehicle is quite full.
For discharging the vehicle, flap doors care provided in the side walls.
For disinfecting the refuse, in the vehicle, there are provided pipe nozzles oll

page_text: (Figures 4. 5 and 6) in the floor thereof, the projecting cuds of which nozzles are
protected by caps, while the outer ends of the pipes can be connected to a steam
supply.
If the transport of the refuse is to be effected by means of ships, these are
provided with a closed tauk for the reception thereof which is arranged with
appliances similar to those of the vehicles for charging.
Figures 9 to 11 shew by way of example three different constructions of vehicles
for receiving the refuse from the boxes in situ.
The discharge of the boxes into the receptacle C can either be effected from a
footboard e Figure 9, or from a middle platform e' Figure 10, or, when the receptacle
is kept very low in height, from the road level (Figure 11).
In all cases the receptacles C' are discharged through interal doors es, us in the
previous cases. The charging hopper D, is removed after the receptacle has been
filled, and stored in a convenient part of the vehicle.
For facilitating the charging of the street or market refuse into the receptacle C
of the collecting vehicle Figures 9 to 11, the cover of the receptacle is advantageously
made in two halves connected together by a hinge Figure 12, in which halves the
charging openings care provided.
These covers are secured both in the open and in the closed position by means
of lateral hooked rodsy hooking onto studs ff'.
The collection of the street and market refuse can of course also be effected by
means of the refuse boxes A, which would be kept for this purpose in suitable stands.
These boxes would he conveyed on hand trucks to the points where the refuse is
collected, and after filling them they are conveyed back to the stand, and are
exchanged for empty boxes.
In this way it is possible to collect the street and market refuse rapidly in dust-
tight enclosures, and thus to prevent the production of dust in the streets. The
filled boxes are then from time to time loaded on to the collecting vehicles and
conveyed to the discharge locality.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A method of collecting and transporting house and street refuse, consisting in
collecting the refuse in closcable receptacles or boxes such as described with
reference to Figure 1 which are then either emptied directly, with avoidance of
dust, into vehicles having automatically closing openings such as described with
reference to Figures 9, 10 and 11, or are placed on to collecting trucks such as
described with reference to Figure 2, on which vehicles or trucks the refuse is
conveyed to railway or ship loading stations where it is discharged through
automatically closing openings into transport vehicles, such openings being
arranged either on the roof of the vehicle, or in passages within the same, the
said vehicles being provided with side doors through which the refuse is discharged
after having been conveyed thereby to the locality of deposit, substantially as
described.
2. For the method of collecting and transporting refuse referred to in the
first claim, the use of refuso receptacles or boxes A, Figure 1, of tapering or
truncated pyramidal form, having an outwardly opening cover a, handles a', and
studs a' for limiting the extent of their introduction into the discharge openings,
substantially as described.
3. For the system of collecting and transporting refuse referred to in the
first claim, a vehicle for transporting the collecting boxes A, consisting of a
platform B carried by a wheel frame, and having uprights connected by
transverse beams or partitions 6, by means of which the space on the platform is
divided into compartments, which are enclosed at the sides by revolving shutters 6³,
and are provided with angle rails 6, which facilitate the introduction of the
collecting boxes, guard rails & being provided for protecting the shutters, which

page_text: rails are supported in a raised position by ledges 6' and spring 68, substantially as
described with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
4. For carrying out the method of collecting and transporting refuse referred to.
in the first claim, a transporting medium or vehicle for railways the loading space
in which is divided by partitions into compartments of which the middle one.
which is accessible through a door c' and is provided with a top light c', serves as
the discharging space C, while the compartments CC on either side thereof, have
flap doors for discharging, and have openings c in the partitions c, provided with
flaps c, communicating with the space C, so that by introducing the collecting
boxes A into the openings and inverting the same, the refuse is discharged
into the compartments C, where it is spread out uniformly through closeable
openings in the partitions c, substantially ns described with reference to.
Figures 4 and 5.
5. For carrying out the method of collecting and transporting refuse referred to
in the first claim, a railway transport medium or vehicle, the externally closeable
charging space C of which is arranged as a longitudinal passage in the roof of the
vehicle and is separated from the loading compartiments Chaving lateral flap
doors for charging, by means of partitions o having openings celosed by flaps c',.
substantially as described with reference to Figure 6.
6. For carrying out the method of collecting and transporting refuse roferred to
in the first claim, a railway transport vehicle in which a receptacle C', which may
be divided into compartments and is provided with lateral flap doors, has a roof
provided with closeable openings co into which can be inserted a moveable charging
hopper D which has one or more openings closed by flaps et, substantially as.
described with reference to Figures 7 and 8.
7. For carrying out the method of collecting and transporting refuse referred to
in the first claim, the use in combination with the transport vehicles referred to in
Claims 4 to 6, of pipe nozzles c" projecting into the compartments C¹ aud covered
internally by caps while the outer ends can be connected to a steam supply, for the
purpose of disinfecting the refuse substantially as described with reference to
Figures 4, 5 and 6.
8. For carrying out the method of collecting and transporting refuse referred to.
in the first claim, a road vehicle in which a receiving chamber or chambers C
provided with lateral flap doors for discharging its contents, is charged by means.
of a moveable charging hopper D introduced into the closeable roof openings oo,.
such charging being effected either from a footboard e, Figure 9, or from a middle
platforme, Figure 10, or from the road level as at Figure 11, substantially as
described.
9. For carrying out the method of collecting and transporting refuse referred to
in Figure 1, a road vehicle, whose receiving chamber C is provided with a cover
or cover sections, having closeable openings co for the insertion of the charging.
hopper D, substantially as described with reference to Figure 12.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1896.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.