IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING CLAY, PEAT, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, AND APPLICABLE TO TILE PRESSES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of Chancery Lane, London, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING CLAY,
PEAT, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, AND APPLICABLE TO TILE PRESSES."-A
communication from abroad by Charles Schlickeysen, of Berlin,
Prussia.
Sealed the 6th December 1875, and dated the 9th June 1875..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th June 1875.
I, PETER JENSEN, of Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
nature of the said Invention for
PREPARING CLAY, PEAT, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, AND APPLICABLE TO TILE
PRESSES," (a communication to me from abroad by Charles Schlickeysen,
of Berlin, Prussia,) to be as follows:-
The clay is supplied to the tile press from a hopper, one side of which
is formed by a roller, which feeds the clay to a screw or screw blades

page_text: fixed on the spindle of the tile press; the roller is by preference driven
by tooth wheel gearing from the screw spindle.
The clay is kneaded and forced out at the end of the apparatus
which here is fitted with a movable head or die which is formed with a
prolonged sleeve fitting on the outside of the end of the apparatus, and
can be set closer to or further from it by shifting the sleeve by means
of regulating screws or other suitable gear. The head or die has its
internal sides fitted with sets of conically placed plates, which sets fit
telescopically into one another with spaces between for the admission of
lubricating water that is sucked in from channels leading from a
recess or chamber formed on or attached to the top of the head
or die.
A second or crushing roller may be placed partly above and working
against the aforesaid feeding roller; the clay or other material may thus
be partly supplied to the open hopper and partly in between the two
rollers for being crushed between them, one of them serving as feed
roller as before.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
4
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Jensen, Her special licence
that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my exécutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed; should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING CLAY, PEAT, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, AND
APPLICABLE TO TILE PRESSES," (a communication to me from abroad by
Charles Schlickeysen, of Berlin, Prussia,) upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that
is to say :-
The clay is supplied to the tile press from a hopper, one side of which
is formed by a roller, which feeds the clay to a screw or screw blade
fixed on the spindle of the tile press; the roller is by preference driven
by tooth wheel gearing from the screw spindle.
The clay is kneaded and forced out at the end of the apparatus,
which here is fitted with a movable head or die which is formed with
a prolonged sleeve fitting on the outside of the end of the apparatus,
6 and can be set closer to or further from it by shifting the sleeve by
means of regulating screws or other suitable gear. The head or die
has its internal sides fitted with sets of conically placed plates, which
sets fit telescopically into one another with spaces between for the
admission of lubricating water that is sucked in from channels leading
) from a recess or chamber formed on or attached to the top of the head
or die.
A second or crushing roller may be placed partly above and working
against the aforesaid feeding roller; the clay or other material may
be partly supplied to the open hopper and partly in between the two
rollers for being crushed between them, one of them serving as feed
roller as before.

page_text: And in order that the apparatus constructed according to this In-
vention may be more fully understood, I will now describe the same
with reference to the accompanying Drawings, of which Figure 1 is a
vertical longitudinal section; Figure 2, a vertical cross section ;
Figure 3, a plan; Figure 4, a section through the pressing die M; and
Figure 5, a section through the movable head J.
like parts.
Like letters indicate
A is a hollow cylinder; B is a spindle which turns in it, and carries
screw blades C which serve to knead and press the clay or other
material; D is a hopper for supplying the material; E, F, G, are the
three fixed sides or walls of the hopper; H is a roller which forms the
fourth and movable side thereof, and turns in the direction of the arrow
against the screw blade spindle B, whence it receives motion by means
of wheel gearing, as shown; J is a hollow sleeve forming a prolongation
of the movable head or die M, and fits on the outside of the cylinder A,
on which it can be moved and adjusted lengthways by means of two
adjusting screws K, K, and nuts L, L.
The head or die M forms the end of the apparatus; the material is
forced out through it and it is made with the desired exit opening for
the tile that is to be made. N, N, are four grooves or channels com-
municating with grooves or channels O leading from two recesses or
chambers Q on the top of the die M; P are five conically placed sets
of plates which fit telescopically into one another, leaving spaces
between for the admission of lubricating water which is sucked in from
the chamber Q when the material is forced out through the die M;
they meet in the four corners, so that in this. case 5 times 4, that is, 20
of such plates or scales are used.
The channels O may be covered with wire gauze or other fabric to
keep out dirt or stones.
The dotted circle R indicates a second or crushing roller which may
be arranged against and partly above the feeding roller H; the con-
sequence of this arrangement is then, that the material is supplied
partly to the open hopper D and partly between the rollers R and H
for being crushed between them. The roller H works against the screw
blades C, and all the material which by them is brought against the 3
roller H and sticks to it is by the latter pressed into the screw blades

page_text: again in a hopper with four fixed walls; on the contrary the material
soon stops up the hopper.
Much power is saved by the adjusting of the head M as required
during the working of the apparatus.
The lubrication of the issuing material is perfect, because the scale
formation of the interior of the head prevents the stopping up of the
channels through which the water is drawn in by the suction of the
issuing material.
And having thus fully described and ascertained the nature of this
Invention, I declare that I claim,―
Firstly. The construction of hopper with movable side or feed roller,
with or without additional roller R; the said feed roller operating with
or against screw blades, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
Secondly. The mode of and means for adjusting the head or die and
the appliances for lubrication of the material passing through it, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
And, Thirdly. The general combination and arrangement of apparatus
as here described and shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.