A NEW METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF METAL HOOPS, RINGS, AND TYRES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF METAL
HOOPS, RINGS, AND TYRES."--A communication from abroad by Jean
Lamur, of Chalons sur Sâone, France.
Sealed the 25th November 1864, and dated the 31st May 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st May 1864.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF
METAL HOOPS, RINGS, AND TYRES," to be as follows:-
This new method of reducing the circumference of hoops, rings, and tyres,
consists in compressing or squeezing the metal in manner hereafter described.
The apparatus consists of movable hoops forming a frame, into which the ring
or other circle, the diameter of which is to be reduced, is placed and capable
of being forced together as hereafter explained. Hitherto in tyring wheels,
for example, when the tyre has been too large it has been necessary to cut
it, remove a portion, weld up the ends, and bring it into shape. Now, in this
Invention, the metal is shrunk after having been brought to red or white heat
by compression.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section on
the line A. B. of Fio 1.

page_text: The apparatus is worked by a handle B fixed on the shaft a of a pinion b,
which gears into the toothed wheel D fast on a shaft d, carrying another
pinion E in gear with the rack F fixed to the movable hoop I, within which
the ring to be reduced is placed. The portion N, O, of the movable hoop is
fixed to the standard G; the remaining portion of the movable hoop admits
of its diameter being increased or diminished by means of holes pierced in
it, and of bolts P worked by keys f, to allow of rings of different circum-
ference being placed within the hoop. To reduce a ring in circumference a
portion is heated to redness, and it is so placed in the hoop that the portion
so heated shall come between the points N and O, then by turning the handle
from left to right the pinion 6 turns also from left to right, and the toothed
wheel D and pinion E turn from right to left, and drive the rack forward
from right to left, and as this rack is fixed to the movable hoop it forces the
movable point M towards the point N fixed to the standard G, thereby diminish-
ing the circumference of the movable hoop, and consequently that of the ring,
which becomes compressed. The chief compressing agent in the apparatus
described is a movable boop, capable of being enlarged or diminished to
include different diameters of rings and tyres, but for extra sizes change pieces
may be substituted. The ring or tyre to be reduced may be heated over a
greater or lesser extent, and consequently the compression or driving together
of the particles of the metal may be effected over a portion, or over the whole
extent of the ring. I do not limit myself to the employment of a rack and
toothed gear for bringing together the parts of the movable hoop, as that may
be effected by other mechanical means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th November 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators,

page_text: and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "A NEW METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE CIRCUMFERENCE
OP METAL HOOPS, RINGS, AND TYRES," (communicated to me from abroad by
Jean Lamur, of Chalons-sur-Saone, France,) upon the condition (amongst
others), that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This new method of reducing the circumference of hoops, rings, and tyres,
consists in compressing or squeezing the metal in manner hereafter described.
The apparatus consists of movable hoops forming a frame, into which the ring
or other circle the diameter of which is to be reduced, is placed and capable
of being forced together, as hereafter explained. Hitherto in tyring wheels,
for example, when the tyre has been too large it has been necessary to cut
it, remove a portion, weld up the ends, and bring it into shape. Now, in this
Invention, the metal is shrunk after having been brought to red or white
heat by compression.
Figure 1 is a front view of the apparatus; Figure 2 is a vertical section on
the line A, B, of Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a face view from the opposite
side.
The apparatus is worked by a bandle B fixed on the shaft a of a pinion b,
which gears into the toothed wheel D fast on a shaft d, carrying another
pinion E in gear with the rack F fixed to the movable hoop I, within which
the ring to be reduced is placed. The portion N, O, of the movable hoop is
fixed to the standard G; the remaining portion of the movable hoop admits
of its diameter being increased or diminished by means of holes pierced in it,
and of bolts P worked by keys f, to allow of rings of different circumference
being placed within the hoop. To reduce a ring in circumference a portion is
heated to redness, and it is so placed in the hoop that the portion so heated

page_text: shall come between the points N and O, then by turning the handle from left
to right the pinion 6 turns also from left to right, and the toothed wheel D
and pinion E turn from right to left, and drive the rack forward from right
to left, and as this rack is fixed to the movable hoop it forces the movable
point M towards the point N fixed to the standard G, thereby diminishing the
circumference of the movable hoop, and consequently that of the ring, which
becomes compressed. The chief compressing agent in the apparatus described
is a movable hoop capable of being enlarged or diminished, to include dif-
ferent diameters of rings and tyres; but for extra sizes change pieces may be
substituted. The ring or tyre to be reduced may be heated over a greater or
lesser extent, and consequently the compression or driving together of the
particles of the metal may be effected over a portion or over the whole extent
of the ring. I do not limit myself to the employment of a rack and toothed
gear for bringing together the parts of the movable hoop, as that may be
effected by other mechanical means.
The method and apparatus herein-before described are also, applicable to
uniting by compression or squeezing the ends of a metal ring, or other circle
to be made. The ends of the strip of metal for forming the ring are heated
to white beat, and the metal is placed in the apparatus before described, so
that the heated ends come between the points N and O; then by turning the
handle B, as before described, the movable point M is forced towards the
point N, and the two heated ends of the metal are thereby united by being
compressed or squeezed together.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, reducing the circumference of metal hoops, rings, and tyres by com-
pressing or squeezing the metal, substantially as herein-before described.
Second, constructing apparatus for reducing the circumference of metal
hoops, rings, and tyres, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.