IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING APPARATUS CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR DOUBLE PILE FABRICS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING APPARATUS CHIEFLY DESIGNED
FOR DOUBLE PILE FABRICS" to be as follows:-
$6
This invention relates to apparatus chiefly designed for severing the throads
between the foundation webs of double pile fabrics so as to form two single fabrics
each having a pile or velvet like surface.
The said invention comprises the improvements hereinafter described.
The improved cutting mechanism is designed to be stable and free from any
irregularity or jar when rotated at the high velocity requisite for the proper cutting
of the intersecting or intermediate threads, which, when severed form the pile on
the separated fabrics, and is also kept in a state of constant and effective lubrication
notwithstanding the great velocity at which it is rotated as aforesaid.
The said cutting mechanism may be applied to other purposes for which rapidly
rotated cutters are required. When, as more especially intended, the said mechanism
is applied for use in a pile cutting machine, the spindle and its immediate adjuncts
are mounted upon a bar suitably constructed and supported and arranged to receive
a reciprocating movement in any suitable manner heretofore known in the act of
cutting pile fabrics, or in any other suitable manner; any desired number of the
spindles and their cutters being arranged along the said bar, with the cutters placed
opposite the space between two straining bars and through which space the double
pile fabric is passed, the two parts of the said double-pile fabric when separated
passing over rollers upon opposite sides of the straining bars. The said rollers
continue to draw the fabric forward and present the pile or intermediate threads to
the action of the cutters, in such manner that the latter, having a reciprocating
movement simultaneous with their rotary movement, sever the pile or intermediate
threads at, or about, the middle thereof, so that one half forms the surface of one
of the fabrics while the other half forms the surface of the other of the fabrics,
Uniss Gir
:
:
,

page_text: This cutting of the pile requires an extremely high velocity of the cutters combined
with practically perfect steadiness and regularity of motion.
The bar or other equivalent support for the cutting mechanism, is formed with a
circular or other suitably shaped socket, which receives a bearing having at its
upper end a circumferential flange resting upon the top of the said bar, or its
equivalent, thereby preventing the bearing from displacement in a downward
direction. This bearing has at its upper and central part a vertical cylindrical bore
and at its lower end it is laterally recessed for a purpose which hereinafter appears;
in its bottom it has securely fitted a block of steel or other suitable material in the
upper end of which is formed a conically shaped step. The said block is retained in
place by a screw inserted laterally through the adjacent portions of the bottom of
the bearing. At the upper end of the bore and concentric therewith, is a circular
recess. A cap, which has at its lower end a flange which rests upon the flange of
the bearing, is securely affixed thereto by means of suitable screws or bolts This
cap has a tapering bore circular in cross-section and broadest at its lower end.
Concentric with the said lower end of the said bore is a shoulder which fits into
the recess of the bearing. The upper end of the cap, is hollowed out forming a cup-
shaped cavity concentric with the adjacent end of the tapering bore.
The spindle is provided at its upper extremity in any ordinary or suitable manner
with a circular knife or cutter. This spindle has a tapering portion, which
corresponds in shape to the tapering bore in which it is situated, and a cylindrical
portion which corresponds with the cylindrical bore; there being a circumferential
shoulder at the junction of the tapering and cylindrical parts, which shoulder rests
upon the adjacent upper surface of the bearing. The lower extremity of the spindle
is made of conical shape to fit into the conical step. A pinion from which a rotary
notion may be communicated to the spindle is attached to the lower part of the
said spindle below the cylindrical part thereof; and above the lower extremity, the
said pinion being placed within the lateral recess. One side of the pinion projects
beyond the adjacent parts to an extent sufficient to enable other suitable gearing to
engage therewith to communicate rotation thereto to actuate the spindle.
Formed in one side of the bearing and parallel with the cylindrical bore is a
chamber which at the bottom communicates by an opening or passage with the said
bore. Formed in the flange of the cap, is an orifice which affords access to the
top of the chamber. The said opening or passage, is filled with a plug of porous
material, such, for example, as pine wood of open texture and free from pitch or
other material which will permit the slow passage or percolation therethrough of
the oil or lubricating material. In order that this plug may be applied in place
there is provided in line with the said opening, but extending outwardly from the
bottom of the chamber, a corresponding opening normally occupied by a screw so
that by removing the bearing from the bar or support to afford access to the screw,
the latter may be removed and afford access in a straight line to the passage or
opening.
In order to put the several parts together, the pinion is placed in the cavity, and
the spindle is thrust downward to the requisite extent through the cylindrical bore
until its lower end having passed through the boss of the pinion enters the step,
the shoulder resting upon the adjacent surface of the top of the bearing, whereupon
the pinion may be attached to the spindle by means of a transverse pin. The cap
is then placed over the tapering part of the spindle, and secured in place by set
screws or bolts, after which the cutter may be suitably secured to the stock of the
spindle, and the bearing put in position upon the bar or support. The parts being
constructed and placed in relation with each other as aforesaid, the spindle is
supported, not only by the step but also by the contact of the shoulder with the top
of the bearing. Furthermore, while the cylindrical bore determines the axis of
rotation of the spindle, the conical bore and the tapering part of the spindle, acting
in conjunction with the conical extremity fitted into the conical step, obviate any
liability to endwise movement of the spindle, inasmuch as by simply grinding down
the underside of the cap to the requisite degree and adjusting the shoulders in

page_text: proper relation to the conical end the surfaces are brought in such relation as to
prevent such endwise movement without unduly binding upon the spindle. Further-
more, by pouring the oil or lubricating material through the orifice into the chamber
the said lubricating material passes through the cylindrical bore and lubricates the
cylindrical part, of the spindle; the lubricant being fed at the requisite speed by
means of the porous material inserted as hereinbefore explained in the said opening.
By pouring the requisite quantity of oil or lubricating material into the annular
recess the latter is caused to flow downward between the tapered portion of the
spindle and the tapering bore to the cap, thereby lubricating the said parts and
also, by the descent of the oil or lubricant the surface upon which rests and move
the shoulder. The step may be supplied with the lubricating material at intervals,
and may be readily cleaned, when desired, by simply removing the block and
replacing the same,
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: I HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING APPARATUS CHIEFLY DESIGNED
FOR DOUBLE-PILE FABRICS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus chiefly designed for severing the threads
between the foundation webs of double pile fabrics, so as to form two single fabrics
each having a pile or velvet-like surface. The improved apparatus is designed to
be stable and free from any irregularity or jar when rotated at the high velocity
requisite for the proper cutting of the intermediate threads (which when severed,
form the pile on the separated fabrics) and to be kept in a state of constant and
effective lubrication notwithstanding the great velocity at which it is rotated as
aforesaid.
The said cutting incchanism may be applied for other purposes than that above
referred to for which rapidly rotated circular cutters are required.
When, as more especially intended, the said mechanism is applied for use in a
pile cutting machine, the spindle and its immediate adjuncts are mounted upon a
bar suitably constructed, and supported and arranged to receive a reciprocating
movement in any suitable manner. Any desired number of the spindles and their
cutters is arranged along the said bar.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a cutter spindle and its adjacent parts constructed
and arranged according to this invention.
Figure 2 is a side view of the same partly in section.
Figure 3 is a section on the line * * Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a section on the line y* y* Figure 2, the supporting bar being
omitted.
Figure 5 is a section on the line ** ** Figure 2.
Figure 6 shows the relative positions of the cutter and straining bars, and the
rollers for receiving the two fabrics as they are severed.
The bar A or other equivalent support for the cutting mechanism, is formed
with a circular or other suitably shaped socket d*, which receives a bearing E*
having at its upper end a circumferential flange e* resting upon the top of the
bar A*, or its equivalent, thereby preventing the bearing E* from displacement in
a downward direction.
This bearing E* has at its upper and central part a vertical cylindrical bore f*,
and at its lower end it is laterally recessed as shown at g* for a purpose which
hereinafter appears. In the bottom n* of the bearing is securely fitted a block *
of steel or other suitable material, in the upper end of which is formed a conically
shaped step a*. The block i* is retained in place by a screw *, inserted laterally
through the adjacent portions of the bottom n* of the bearing E*, as represented
in Figure 2, and in dotted lines in Figure 3.
At the upper end of the bore f*, and concentric therewith, is a circular recess 6*
Figure 1. F is a cap, which has at its lower end a flange c* which rests upon the
flange e of the bearing E*, and is securely affixed thereto by means of suitable
screws or bolts A' as shown in Figures 2 and 5. This cap F* has a tapering bore j*,
circular in cross-section, with the largest diameter at its lower end. Concentric
with the said lower end of the said bore j*. is a shoulder e¹ which fits into the

page_text: recess b* of the bearing E*. The upper end of the cap F* is hollowed out at f¹,
forming a cup-shaped cavity concentric with the adjacent end of the tapering
bore j*.
The spindle G✶ is provided at its upper extremity, in any ordinary or suitable
manner, with a circular knife or cutter H*. This spindle has a tapering portion m*,
which corresponds in shape to the tapering bore j* in which it is situated, and a
cylindrical portion n' which corresponds with the cylindrical bore f*. A circum-
ferential shoulder * is formed at the junction of the parts m* and n³, which
shoulder rests upon the adjacent upper surface of the bearing E* as represented in
Figures 1 and 2. The lower extremity 8* of the spindle G* is made of conical
shape to fit into the conical stop, a*. A pinion I* from which a rotary motion may
be communicated to the spindle G* is attached to the lower part of the said spindle
below the part n' thereof, the said pinion I* being placed within the lateral recess g*.
One side of the pinion projects beyond the adjacent parts to an extent sufficient to
enable other suitable gearing to engage therewith to communicate rotation thereto
to actuate the spindle.
Formed in one side of the bearing E* and parallel with the bore f* is a chamber *,
which, at the bottom, communicates by an opening or passage c¹ with the bore f*.
Formed in the flange c* of the cap, F*, is an orifice which affords access to the
top of the chamber u*. The opening or passage, c² is filled with a plug of pine
wood of open texture and free from pitch, or with other material which will permit
the slow passage or percolation therethrough of the oil or lubricating material. In
order that this plug may be applied in place, there is provided in line with the
opening ct, but extending outwardly from the bottom of the chamber u, a corre-
sponding opening normally occupied by a screw 11, so that by removing the
bearing E* from the bar or support A* the screw 711, may be removed and permit
access in a straight line to the passage or opening c¹.
In order to put the several parts together, the pinion I is placed in the cavity g*
and the spindle G*, is thrust downward to the requisite extent through the bore f*
until its lower end having passed through the boss of the pinion I*, enters the
step a*, the shoulder, resting upon the adjacent surface of the top of the
bearing E*, whereupon the pinion, I*, may be attached to the spindle by means of a
transverse pin w*. The cap F* is then placed over the tapering part m of the
spindle, and secured in place by the set screws or bolts A¹, as hereinbefore explained,
after which the cutter H* may be suitably secured to the stock of the spindle, and
the bearing, E*, put in position upon the bar or support A*.
The parts being constructed and placed in relation to each other as aforesaid, the
spindle, G*, is supported, not only by the step a*, but also by the shoulder * in
contact with the top of the bearing E*. Furthermore, while the cylindrical bore f*
determines the axis of rotation of the spindle G*, the conical bore j* and the
tapering part m* of the spindle, acting in conjunction with the conical extremity 8*
fitted into the conical step a*, obviate any liability to endwise movement of the
spindle, inasmuch as, by simply grinding down the under side of the cap, F* to
the requisite degree and adjusting the shoulder *, in proper relation to the conical
ends, the surfaces are brought in such relation as to prevent such endwise
movement without unduly binding upon the spindle. By pouring oil or lubricating
material through the orifice r' into the chamber u* the said lubricating material
passes into the cylindrical bore f* and lubricates the cylindrical part n¹ of the
spindle; the lubricant being fed at the requisite speed by means of the porous
material inserted as hereinbefore explained in the opening c. Oil or lubricating
material poured into the annular recess fl.flows downward between the tapered
portion of the spindle and the tapering bore j* to the cap F*, thereby lubricating
the said parts and also the surface upon which rests and moves the shoulder *.
The step a may be supplied with lubricating material at intervals, and may be
readily cleaned when desired, by removing the block i*.
In the operation of this cutting apparatus the cutters are placed opposite the
space between two straining bars B* B* Figure 6, through which space the double

page_text: pile fabric is passed, the two parts a³ of the said double pile fabric when separated
passing over rollers D* upon opposite sides of the straining bars. The said rollers,
as they draw the fabric forward, present the pile or intermediate threads b¹ to the
action of the cutters, in such manner that the latter having a reciprocating
movement simultaneously with a rotary movement, sever the pile or intermediate
threads at, or about, the middle thereof, so that one half forms the surface of
one of the fabrics a' while the other half forms the surface of the other of the
fabrics a¹.
This cutting of the pile requires an extremely high velocity of the cutters
combined with practically perfect steadiness and regularity of motion, and these
conditions are fulfilled by means of the present.invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. A spindle G* for carrying a rotary knife or cutter, constructed with the
tapering part m*, the shoulder *, the cylindrical part n¹, and the conical
extremity 8, substantially as, and for the purpose, herein set forth.
Second. The bearing E* having a conical step a* and cylindrical bore f*, and the
cap F having the tapering bore j*, in combination with the spindle G*, constructed
with the tapering part m*, the shoulder *, the cylindrical part n¹ and the conical
extremity s, all substantially as, and for the purpose, herein set forth.
Third. The combination of the bearing E having the step a*, the cylindrical
bore f*, and the flange e"; the cap F* having the tapering bore j* and the
flange c; the bolts or set screws A'; and the spindle G* constructed with the
tapering part m*, the shoulder *, the cylindrical part n¹, and the conical
extremity, s* all substantially as, and for the purpose, herein set forth.
the
Fourth. The combination of the bearing E having the cylindrical bore f*,
recess g*, and the step a; the cap F*, having the tapering bore j*; the spindle G*
constructed with the tapering part m*, the shoulder the cylindrical part n², and
the conical end s*; and a pinion I* attached to the said spindle, all substantially
as, and for the purpose, herein set forth..
Fifth. The combination of the bearing E* having the cylindrical bore f*, the
lateral recess g*, and the step a*, the cap F* having the tapering bore j* and the
flange c*; the bolts A¹; the spindle G* constructed with the tapering part m*, the
shoulder, the cylindrical part n¹, and the conical extremity s*; a pinion I*
attached to one extremity of the said spindle; and a circular knife or cutter H**
attached to the opposite end of the said spindle, all substantially as, and for the
purpose, herein set forth.
Sixth. The combination of the movable block i* constructed with the conical
bearing a*; the screw *; the bearing E* constructed with the lateral recess g*,
the flange e*, and the cylindrical bore f*; the cap F* constructed with the tapering
bore the spindle Q constructed with the tapering part m*, the shoulder. 2,
the cylindrical part n¹ and the conical extremity 8*; and a pinion I* attached to
the said spindle; all substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
•
Seventh. The combination of the bearing E*, constructed with the cylindrical
bore f*, the chamber u*, and the passage or opening c¹; the cap F* constructed
with the tapering bore *; and the spindle G* constructed with the tapering
part m and the cylindrical part n¹, all substantially as, and for the purpose,
herein set forth.
Eighth. The combination of the cap F* constructed with the opening or
orifice and the tapering bore 1*%; the bearing E* constructed with the
chamber *, the passage c and the cylindrical bore f*; and the spindle G*
constructed with the tapering part m*; and the cylindrical part n¹, all substantially
as, and for the purpose, herein set forth.
Ninth. The combination of the plug, of porous permeable material; the bearing E*
constructed with the chamber u*, the passage c¹ and the cylindrical bore f*; the
cap F* constructed with the tapering boie j; and the spindle G* constructed with

page_text: the tapering part m* and the cylindrical part n!, all substantially as, and for the
purpose, herein set forth.
Tenth. The combination of the bearing E* constructed with the chamber u*, the
opening or passage c¹, the coincident opening or passage closed by the screw ¹¹¹,
and the cylindrical bore f*; the cap F* constructed with the tapering boro j*;
and the spindle G* constructed with the tapering part me, and the cylindrical
part n¹, all substantially as, and for the purpose, herein set forth.
Dated this 10th day of December 1884.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.