IMPROVEMENTS PERAMBULATOES, A PART OR PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO OTHER WHEEL CARRIAGES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Lloyd, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Carriage Builder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
PERAMBULATOES, A PART OR PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE
APPLIED TO OTHER WHEEL CARRIAGES."
Sealed the 27th June 1865, and dated the 3rd January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Lloyd at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the Brd
January 1865.
1, HENRY LLOYD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Carriage
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PERAMBULATORS, A PART OR PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE
APPLIED TO OTHER WHEEL CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in making the handle situated at the back
of the perambulator, and by which the perambulator is propelled, capable of
turning down instead of making it fixed, as it has hitherto been made. By
making the handle capable of turning down it may be folded against the body
of the perambulator when the said perambulator is not in use, and the peram-
bulator thereby made to occupy less room. In carrying this part of my
Invention into effect I connect the handle to the body of the perambulator by
means of a joint or hinge. A spring-catch fastening or a button turn on the
carriage is made to fix the handle in its erect position when required.

page_text: My Invention consists. secondly, of the following improvements in connecting
the wheels of perambulators to their axles. This part of my Invention has
for its object the effectual securing of the wheels to their axle and facilitating
their removal when it is required to remove them for packing or for any other
purpose. In carrying this part of my Invention into effect | connect a cir-
cular plate to the inner side of the hub, or nave of the wheel, the said plate
being connected to the said hub by means of a screw or pin near the circum-
ference of the plate. The plate is capable of turning on the said screw or pin
as a centre. The said plate has a circular hole in its centre of sufficient size
for the axle to pass through, the said hole opening into a larger hole between
the centre and periphery of the plate. A curve struck from the screw or pin
in which the plate turns, passes through the centres of both holes. When the
plate is in its normal position, that is, is concentric with the hub, the wheel
cannot be drawn from .off the axle, the centre hole not being sufliciently large
to allow of the passage of the flange of the axle, but when the plate is turned
so as to bring the larger part of its. opening: concentric with the axle the wheel
can be drawn from off the axle as the said large part is of such a size that
the flange of the axle can pass through it. The plate is provided with a spring
at its back, which when the plate is in its normal position, engages with the
hub of the wheel, and retains the plate in its position. The range of motion
of the plate is limited by a second screw or pin in the hub engaging in a slot
in the plate. Or for greater security employ two of the plates described.
both plates turning on the same screw or pin as a centre, but turning in
opposite directions. In this case both plates must be moved from their normal
positions before the wheel can be removed from the axle. Or I give the plate
a sliding motion instead of the motion about a centre as described. In this
case the plate slides in guides in the hub and is pressed to its normal position
by a spring. Or I employ one plate having in its centre a hole not large
enough to let the flange of the axle pass through it. In this case the plate is
divided into two halves, each being capable of turning on a centro. By the
opening of the. half plates the wheel may be removed. and by closing them it
may be fixed. Spring-catch fastenings hold the half plates in their normal
position. The half plates may be opened and closed by means of a circular
collar, having two pins or projections at opposite points. These pins or pro-
jections take respectively into excentric slots in the half plates, and by turning
the collar about a quarter of a revolution in one or other. direction, the action
of the pins or studs in the excentric slots causes the opening or closing of the
half plates. Or the pins may be fixed in the half plates and the slots made in
the collar. Or the half plates may be opened and closed by a worm and

page_text: worm wheel, or by a screw or other equivalent mechanical contrivance. Or 1
fix on the hub a plate having in its middle a hole somewhat larger than the
flange of the axle, and on the axle and nearly parallel thereto fix a spring,
the free end of the spring being turned into a plane at right angles to the axle,
so as to form a tongue. This tongue of the spring engages between the plate
and the flange of the axle, and prevents the wheel passing off the axle. By
pressing the spring close to the axle the plate can pass the said tongue and the
wheel be removed from the axle.
All the improvements constituting the second part of my Invention may be
applied to wheel carriages in general as well as to perambulators.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Lloyd in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, HENRY
LLOYD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Carriage Builder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen, Victoria. by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of January,, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five. in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign. did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors. give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Lloyd. Her special licence that I, the said Henry Lloyd,
my executors, administrators, and assigns. or such others as T, the said
Heury Lloyd, my executors, administrators. and assigns. should at any time
agree with, and no others. from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PEBAMBULATORS. A PART OR PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED
TO OTHER WHEEL CARRIAGES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Henry Lloyd, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Lloyd, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My Invention consists, firstly, in making the handle situated at the back of
the perambulator, and by which the perambulator is propelled, capable of
turning down instead of making it fixed, as it has hitherto been made. By
making the handle capable of turning down it may be folded against the body
of the perambulator when the said perambulator is not in use, and the per-
ambulator thereby made to occupy less room. In carrying this part of my
Invention into effect 1 connect the handle to the body of the perambulator by
means of a joint or hinge. A spring-catch fastening or a button turn on the
carriage is made to fix the handle in its erect position when required. The
accompanying Sheet of Drawings contains two views of this first part of my
Invention, Fig. 1 being a side elevation, and Fig. 2 an end elevation.
a denotes the handle jointed or hinged on the pin b, and maintained in position
for use, as shown, by turn fastening c, which when moved round allows the
handle to be folded down close to the body of the perambulator into the
position shown by dotted lines marked d.
..
My Invention consists, secondly, of the following improvements in connecting
the wheels of 'perambulators to their axles. This part of my Invention has
for its object the effectual securing of the wheels to their axles and facilitating
their removal when it is required to remove them for packing or for any other
purpose. In carrying this part of my Invention into effect I connect a cir-
cular plate e (see Figs. 3 and 4 on the Sheet of Drawings, Fig. 3 being a side
elevation of the plate and parts connected thereto, and Fig. 4 a vertical section
through the said plate and part of the wheel) to the hub or nave of the wheel f.
the said plate being connected to the said hub by means of a screw or pin g,
near the circumference of the plate. The plate e is capable of turning on
the said screw or pin g as a centre. The said plate e has a circular hole in its
centre of sufficient size for the axle h to pass through, the said hole opening
into a larger hole between the centre and periphery of the plate. A curve
struck from the screw or pin in which the plate turns, passes through the
centre of both holes. When the plate is in its normal position, that is, is con-
centric with the hub, the wheel cannot be drawn off the axle h, the centre
hole not being sufficiently large to allow of the passage of the flange i of the
axle; but when the plate e is turned so as to bring the larger part of its
opening concentric with the axle. the wheel can be drawn from off the axle, as
the said large part is of such a size that the flange i of the axle h can pass

page_text: through it. The plate e is provided with a spring j, at its back, which,
when the plate is in its normal position engages with the hub of the wheel f
and retains the plate e in its position. The range of motion of the plate is
limited by a second screw or pin k. in the hub f engaging in a slot 1 in the
plate e. Or for greater security employ two of the plates described. both
plates turning on the same screw or pin as a centre, but turning in opposite
directions. In this case both plates must be moved from their normal positions
before the wheel can be removed from the axle. Figs. 5 and 6 are side
elevations of this arrangement, the former showing the apparatus open or in
position suitable for the removal of the wheel from the axle. and the latter
closed and ready for running. In these views like letters denote the same
parts as in Figs. 3 and 4. Or I give the plate a sliding motion instead of the
motion about a centre as describer. In this case, illustrated by Fig. 7, which
is a side elevation of the plate. and Fig. 8 a vertical section of the plate and
part of the hub of a wheel, the plate m slides in or on guides in the
hub o, and is pressed to its normal position by a spring p, pressing at one end
against the hub o and at the other on part of the plate m; q. the axle. Or T
employ. see side elevation marked Fig. 9. one plate r. having in its centre a
hole not large enough to let the flange at the axle pass through it. In this
case the plate r is divided into two halves, each being capable of turning on a
centre. By the opening of the half plates r the wheel may be removed. and
by closing them it may be fixed. Spring-catch fastenings similar to that shown
in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, or similar to that hercin-after described and illustrated
in Fig. 10. hold the half plates in their normal position. The half plates T
may be opened and closed by means of a circular collar s. having two pins or
projections at opposite points. These pins or projections take respectively
into or pass through eccentric slots in the half plates r, and by turning
the collars about a quarter of a revolution in one or other direction, the
action of the pins or studs in the eccentric slots causes the opening or closing
of the half plates. Or the pins may be fixed in the half plates and the slots
made in the collar. r is the hinge or pin on which the half plates move.
Or the half plates r may be opened and closed by a worm and wheel ir, shewn
in Fig. 10, or by a screw r. shewn in Fig. 11. or other mechanical contrivance.
In Fig. 11, as in all the views with half plates, the half plates are shewn open.
To fasten them securely when closed provide a flat spring . with a pro-
jection thereon at y to take into the recess or opening when the half plates
are drawn together by the screw . Or I fix ou the hub a plate a'. Fig. 12.
having in its middle a hole somewhat larger than the flange of the axle c',
and on the axle and nearly parallel thereto fix a spring d', the free end of the

page_text: spring being turned into a plane at right angles to the axle, so as to form a
tongue. This tongue of the spring engages between the plate and the flange
of the axle, and prevents the wheel passing off the axle. By pressing the
spring close to the axle, the plate a' can pass the said tongue and the
wheel be removed from the axle.
All the improvements constituting the second part of my Invention may be
applied to wheel carriages in general as well as to perambulators.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and particularized
the same by various modifications. I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the exact forms, sizes, and relative proportions of parts, nor
to the exact details of paris. as various alterations may be made without
departing from the leading features of my said Invention. What I claim is,
the construction and arrangements of parts substantially as herein described,
and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I. the said Henry Lloyd, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight. hundred and sixty-fve.
In the presence of
JOHN THOMSON KING,
Patent Agent,
4, Clayton Square,
Liverpool.
HENRY LLOYD. (L.S.)