SOUTHAMPTON BITTER BALBADE
Year: 1868

page_text: LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY :
PUBLISHED AT THE GREAT SEAL PATENT OFFICE,
25 SOUTHAMPTON BITTER BALBADE

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Liddard, of Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, and George Buxton, of the same Place,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RAILS AND
CHAIRS OF RAILWAYS, AND IN THE METHOD OF ADAPTING RAILWAY CHAIRS
TO RAILS!"
Sealed the 17th October 1868, and dated the 24th April 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Liddard and
George Buxton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 24th April 1868.
We, JOHN LIDDARD, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineer,
and GEORGE BUXTON, of the same Place, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RAILS AND
CHAIRS OF RAILWAYS, AND IN THE METHOD OF ADAPTING RAILWAY CHAIRS TO
RAILS," to be as follows:-
in
Our Invention consists in a method of adapting rails to chairs, whereby
the usual wooden wedges may be dispensed with. For this purpose we
place loose pieces on the sides of the rails corresponding to the form
thereof, and which pieces are then passed into recesses formed in the

page_text: chairs. These recesses we propose to form only partly down the chair,
and they therefore support the rail and the weight thereon; or instead
of the above-mentioned loose pieces we roll or otherwise form fixed pro-
jecting parts on the rail which drop as in the case of the loose pieces into
the recesses of the chair.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Liddard and George Buxton in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th October 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
LIDDARD, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineer, and
GEORGE BUXTON, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, and in the thirty-first year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant into us, the said John Liddard and George Buxton, Her special
licence that we, the said John Liddard and George Buxton, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Liddard and George Buxton, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all. times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RAILS AND CHAIRS OF
RAILWAYS, AND IN THE METHOD OF ADAPTING RAILWAY CHAIRS TO RAILS," upon
the condition, amongst others, that we, the said John Liddard and
George Buxton, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Buxton, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
Our Invention consists in a method of adapting rails to chairs, whereby
the usual wooden wedges may be dispensed with. For this purpose we
place loose pieces on the sides of the rails corresponding to the form
thereof, and which pieces are then passed into recesses formed in the
chairs, or the said loose pieces may be replaced by projecting parts rolled
or otherwise formed upon or affixed to the rails.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents a chair and rail in
cross section, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, and Figs. 3 detached
views of one of the loose pieces.
The rail of the usual form is shewn at a, on each side of which are
loose pieces 6 formed on their inward surfaces, so as to fit the shape of
the rail. Their outward surfaces are provided with projecting parts c
situate in recesses d formed in the chair e, and on either side of the
recesses the said loose picces also abut against the chair; the recesses d
do not extend to the bottom of the chair, and the projecting parts c
therefore carry the weight of the rail, but independently of this the
inward sides of the chair are tapered, thus allowing the loose pieces 6 to
be of a wedge form, so that they may bite the rail. It will be seen
from the above description that while the weight of the rail is borne by
the loose pieces 6, the projections c thereof prevent a longitudinal move-
ment, thus rendering the use of the ordinary wooden wedges unnecessary.
In adapting a rail the loose pieces 6 are in the first place held thereon,
and then the projecting parts are dropped into the recesses d. The
projecting parts c, as seen in the detached views are made to taper from
top to bottom, whereby greater solidity is obtained. The rail when
Worn may
be reversed as usual.
Fig. 4 shews a modification of our Invention. In this instance the
loose pieces are replaced by projecting parts c rolled or otherwise formed
upon or attached to the rail a. These projecting parts are formed as
double wedges and are simply dropped into a jaw of the chair, as shewn;
the recesses d of the formerly described arrangement not being necessary,
but they may be added if desired. The double-wedge form provides for
reversing the rails. The chair and its loose or fast projecting pieces may
be extended so as to form supports at the junction of two rails, in which
case bolts may be passed through the chairs and the loose or fast
pieces and the rails.

page_text: Having thus described and ascertained the nature. of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we
desire it to be understeed that we claim as secured to us under the
above in part recited Letters Patent, the use of the loose pieces 6, or
their equivalents, the fast pieces c for supporting the rails and binding
them to the chairs.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Buxton, have hereunto
set my hand and.seal, this Twenty-third day of October,' in
the year of our Lord. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
•
above in part recited Letters Patent, the use of the loose pieces 6, or
their equivalents, the fast pieces c for supporting the rails and binding
them to the chairs.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Buxton, have hereunto
set my hand and.seal, this Twenty-third day of October,' in
the year of our Lord. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
•

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Liddard, of Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, and George Buxton, of the same Place,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RAILS AND
CHAIRS OF RAILWAYS, AND IN THE METHOD OF ADAPTING RAILWAY CHAIRS
TO RAILS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jolin Liddard and
George Buston at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 24th April 1868.
WĆ, JOHN LIDDARD, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineer,
and GEORGE BUXTON, of the same Place, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RAILS AND
CHAIRS OF RAILWAYS, AND IN THE METHOD OF ADAPTING RAILWAY CHAIRS TO
RAILS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention'consists in a method of adapting rails to chairs, whereby
the usual wooden wedges may be dispensed with. For this purpose we
place loose pieces on the sides of the rails corresponding to the form
thereof, and which pieces are then passed into recesses formed in the

page_text: chairs. These recesses we propose to form only partly down the chair,
and they therefore support the rail and the weight thereon; or instead
of the above-mentioned loose pieces we roll or otherwise form fixed pro-
jecting parts on the rail which drop as in the case of the loose pieces into
the recesses of the chair.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Liddard and George Buxton in the Great Seal
"Patent Office on the 24th October 1868.
*TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
LEDDARD, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineer, and
GEORGE BUXTON, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, and in the thirty-first year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant. unto us, the said John Liddard and George Buxton, Her special
licence that we, the said John Liddard and George Buxton, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Liddard and George Buxton, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RAILS AND CHAIRS OF
RAILWAYS, AND IN THE METHOD OF ADAPTING RAILWAY CHAIRS TO RAILS," upon
the condition, amongst others, that we, the said John Liddard and
George Buxton, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Buxton, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is-to'

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
-
Our Invention consists in a method of adapting rails to chairs, whereby
the usual wooden wedges may be dispensed with. For this purpose we
place loose pieces on the sides of the rails corresponding to the form
thereof, and which pieces are then passed into recesses formed in the
chairs, or the said loose pieces may be replaced by projecting parts rolled
or otherwise formed upon or affixed to the rails.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents a chair and rail in
cross section, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, and Figs. 3 detached
views of one of the loose pieces.
The rail of the usual form is shewn at a, on each side of which are
loose pieces formed on their inward surfaces, so as to fit the shape of
the rail. Their outward surfaces are provided with projecting parts c
situate in recesses d formed in the chair e, and on either side of the
recesses the said loose pieces also abut. against the chair; the recesses d
do not extend to the bottom of the chair, and the projecting parts c
therefore carry the weight of the rail, but independently of this the
inward sides of the chair are tapered, thus allowing the loose pieces 6 to
be of a wedge form, so that they may bite the rail. It will be seen
from the above description that while the weight of the rail is borne by
the loose pieces b, the projections c thereof prevent a longitudinal move-
ment, thus rendering the use of the ordinary wooden wedges unnecessary.
In adapting a rail the loose pieces 6 are in the first place held thereon,
and then the projecting parts are dropped into the recesses d. The
projecting parts c, as seen in the detached views are made to taper from
top to bottom, whereby greater solidity is obtained. The rail when
worn may be reversed as usual.
Fig. 4 shews a modification of our Invention. In this instance the
loose pieces are replaced by projecting parts c rolled or otherwise formed
upon or attached to the rail a. These projecting parts are formed as
double wedges and are simply dropped into a jaw of the chair, as shewn;
the recesses d of the formerly described arrangement not being necessary,
but they may be added if desired. The double-wedge form provides for
reversing the rails. The chair and its loose or fast projecting pieces may
be extended so as to form supports at the junction of two rails, in which
case bolts may be passed through the chairs and the loose or fast
pieces and the rails.

page_text: Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we
desire it to be understood that we claim as secured to us under the
above in part recited Letters Patent, the use of the loose pieces, or
their equivalents, the fast pieces c for supporting the rails, and binding
them to the chairs.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Buxton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
, що
pieces o, or
their equivalents, the fast pieces c for supporting the rails, and binding
them to the chairs.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Buxton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.