Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Removing_Fatty Matters and other Impurities from Wool and similar Textile Materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 21st Mar.. 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by EMILE FRANÇOIS DRAMEZ, HENRI PHILOMÈNE
JOSEPH VASSART, and JULES HENRI SAUL MARIE DELATTRE, of 9, Rue
de Florence, Paris, in the French Republic, Manufacturers.]
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Removing_Fatty
Matters and other Impurities from Wool and similar Textile
Materials.
I, WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS of 70 Market Street Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Wools, when in their raw or rough condition, contain mineral and organic matters
which it is necessary or desirable to remove before they can be utilised in the
ordinary processes of manufacture. Other textile materials also contain similar
matters which it is desirable to remove.
The object of this invention is to remove such matters from textile materials and
to collect them in a more advantageous manner than is at present employed.
For the purpose of this invention suitable solvents are employed, in apparatus
the nature of which will be hereinafter indicated. The preferred solvents are
bisulphide of carbon or volatile hydrocarbons for the greasy and fatty matters and
water for the matters soluble in water.
The use of volatile solvents for a similar purpose is not new, and various methods
have from time to time been proposed for their utilisation, but so far no process of
a practical kind is carried out with constancy and regularity on a working scale.
The present improvements on the other hand are characterised by their simplicity
and the constancy and regularity of their working.
The apparatus which may be employed for the purposes of this invention and
which is described as a type of the arrangements which may be adopted, consists of
a series of closed becs or chambers each of which is provided at its exit with a pair
of mangle rollers. The textile material is supplied to and passed through the becs
successively in a thin layer compressed between pairs of travelling aprons, in the
same manner as in existing apparatus.
The volatile vapours are carried off from the closed becs through a collecting
tube and are condensed by suitable condensing or refrigerating apparatus.
The first bec contains the volatile solvent for dissolving out the grease and fatty
matters. The second may contain cold water, by means of which the potash salts
and other matters soluble in water are removed. A third bec may contain hot
water the heat of which will drive off any remaining solvent and which may also
remove any matters soluble in water not removed by the cold water.
After this treatment the textile material contains no foreign matters which it
may be desirable to remove, which cannot be eliminated by a light soap bath.
The number of becs may be increased or diminished according to the nature of
the material to be treated, and more than one may be employed for each solvent.
Or, only one bec may be employed, and the solvent remaining in the textile
material after leaving it may be expelled by dry heat, and be collected and
condensed by known means. In this case the wool retains its potash salts or
matters soluble in water which may afterwards be removed by a soap bath with
other impurities..
The solvents in the becs may be drawn off and renewed as may be required, and
the matters contained therein be recovered and utilised by knowu means.

page_text: The processes herein before described may follow upon, precede, or be intermediate
to, ordinary mechanical cleaning processes.
11
ليوم
n 1000
WILLIAM E. HEYS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Removing Fatty
Matters and other Impurities from Wool and similar Textile
Materials.
I, WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS of 70 Market Street, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Wools, when in their raw or rough condition contain mineral and organic matters
which it is necessary or desirable to remove before they can be utilised in the
ordinary processes of manufacture. Other textile materials also contain similar
matters which it is desirable to remove.
The object of this invention is to remove such matters from textile materials
and to collect them in a more advantageous manner than is at present employed.
For the purpose of this invention suitable solvents are employed, in apparatus
the nature of which will be hereinafter described. The preferred solvents are
bisulphide of carbon or volatile hydrocarbons for the greasy and fatty matters and
water for the matters soluble in water.
The use of volatile solvents for a similar purpose is not new, and various
methods have from time to time been proposed for their utilisation, but so far
no process of a practical kind is carried out with constancy and regularity on a
working scale.
The present improvements on the other hand are characterised by their simplicity
and the constancy and regularity in their working.
The apparatus which may be employed for the purpose of this invention and
which is described as a type of the arrangement which may be adopted is illustrated
by the accompanying drawings and consists of a series of closed becs or chambers AA,
B B, C C, each of which is provided at its exit with a pair of mangle rollers E E.
The textile material is supplied to and passed through the becs successively in a
thin layer compressed between pairs of travelling aprons D, G, G, F, in the same
manner as in existing apparatus.
The volatile vapours are carried off from the closed becs through a collecting
tube J and are condensed by suitable condensing or refrigerating apparatus.
The first bec A A contains the volatile solvent for dissolving out the grease and
fatty matters. The second, B B, may contain cold water, by means of which the
potash salts and other matters soluble in water are removed. A third bec, C C,
may contain hot water the heat of which will drive off any remaining solvent
and which may also remove any matters soluble in water not removed by the cold
water.
The textile material is delivered into the first of the closed becs in a thin sheet
or layer through a comparatively narrow opening by the two endless travelling
aprons D, which work face to face and have the material between them. In the
bec the material is received between two other travelling aprons G by which it is
delivered to the first pair of mangle rolls E, after which it is received by the
travelling aprons in the second bec, delivered to the second mangle rolls and
received by the travelling aprons in the last bec by which it is delivered through
the last mangle rolls to the delivery aprons F. As shewn in the drawings, which
illustrate a longitudinal vertical section, each bec is divided into two V-shaped
sections and the travelling aprons are carried below rollers in the lower part of
each section. This arrangement admits of a double submergence of the material

page_text: in each bec and permits the minimum quantity of solvent to be used. In order to
avoid excessive length in the drawing, the middle portion of the apparatus is
represented as being removed.
After this treatment the textile material contains no foreign matters, which
it may be desirable to remove, which cannot be eliminated by a light soap bath.
The number of becs may be increased or diminished according to the nature
of the material to be treated, and more than one may be employed for each
solvent. Or, only one bec may be employed, and the solvent remaining in the
textile material after leaving it may be expelled by dry heat, and be collected
and condensed by known means. In this case the wool retains it potash salts or
matters soluble in water which may afterwards be removed by a soap bath with
other impurities.
The solvents in the becs may be drawn off through the pipes I, and renewed as
may be required, and the matters contained therein be recovered and utilised by
known means.
The processes herein before described may follow upon, precede, or be inter-
mediate to, ordinary mechanical cleaning processes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The hereinbefore described method of removing greasy and fatty matters
from wool and other textile materials, substantially as and by the means set forth.
2. The hereinbefore described method of removing greasy fatty and mineral
matters from wool and other textile materials substantially as and by the means set
forth.
3. Apparatus for use in the removal of grease, fats and salts from wool and other
textile materials, constructed arranged and operated substantially as hereinbefore
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of March A.D. 1893.
WILLIAM E. HEYS.