IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENTS AND FITTINGS OF WATERCLOSETS, LAVATORIES, AND OTHER SANITARY APPARATUS, AND THE PARTS USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR CONTROLLING, REGULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS TO OR FROM THE SAME, WHEREBY MORE CONVENIENCE IN USE IS EFFECTED, WASTE PREVENTED, AND GREATER SANITARY ADVANTAGES OBTAINED."
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph John Tylor and William Alfred Tylor, both of
No. 2, Newgate Street, in the City of London, Engineers and Brassfounders,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENTS AND FITTINGS
OF WATERCLOSETS, LAVATORIES, AND OTHER SANITARY APPARATUS, AND THE
PARTS USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR CONTROLLING, REGULATING,
AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS TO OR FROM THE SAME,
WHEREBY MORE CONVENIENCE IN USE IS EFFECTED, WASTE PREVENTED, AND
GREATER SANITARY ADVANTAGES OBTAINED."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph John Tylor and
William Alfred Tylor at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
4th June 1878.
JOSEPH JOHN TYLOR and WILLIAM ALFRED TYLOR, both of No. 2, Newgate
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Street, in the City of London, Engineers and Brassfounders.
THE ARRANGEMENTS AND FITTINGS OF WATERCLOSETS, LAVATORIES, AND OTHER
SANITARY APPARATUS, AND THE PARTS USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR
CONTROLLING, REGULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS
TO OR FROM THE SAME, WHEREBY MORE CONVENIENCE IN USE IS EFFECTED, WASTE
PREVENTED, AND GREATER SANITARY ADVANTAGES OBTAINED."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the arrangements and fittings
of waterclosets, lavatories, urinals, and other sanitary apparatus, and the parts used
in connection therewith for controlling, regulating, and arresting the flow of liquids
and fluids to or from the same, whereby more convenience in use is effected, waste
prevented, and greater sanitary advantages obtained, and is carried out in the fol-
lowing manner :--
In that part of our Invention relating to waterclosets we so form and arrange the
parts used in forming what is known as a pan watercloset as to enable the part

page_text: priming the trap to be placed above the floor level, and in the closet known as a
valve closet we obtain a similar result, and cause the valve to move away from the
outlet, so as to leave a clear way for the soil (but not descend low enough to enter
the trapping water), and thus diminish the chance of clogging, choking, or gagging
the valve. We also place the valve at the side in place of the bottom, whereby we
are enabled to use a larger basin, and still trap above the floor level. We arrange
and form our hopper closet so that it has a container, and is self trapped, always
retains the water, and can be made in one with the trap and container.
In the pan closet we formn and arrange the container and trap so as to admit of
being made in one part, whereby we are enabled to place the same above the floor
level, though, if desired, the same form and arrangement may be made in two or
more parts, and still produce the same result.
The actuating part for discharging the contents of the pan or valve closet basins
is so arranged by means of a suitable guide or groove and slot or slots so as to
enable the pull-up arrangement to rise and fall in an inclined, straight, or vertical
line, and so avoid the angular strain on the parts which occurs in those cases where
means of avoiding the same is not provided; and the treadle or foot action may be
applied for actuating the water supply and discharge where desired or preferred.
We also arrange closets where the point of discharge is situated above the closet
so that they may be emptied or discharged by the employment of a vacuum or
pressure of air or steam, or both, or induced currents, or by the use of a jet or
current of water to produce the same effect.
In those cases in foreign countries, where it is not the custom to use a sitting
posture, we arrange closets for use in the same so as not to have seats, and to admit
of their being supplied with water and readily cleaned, making the front and back
moveable in the container in order to obtain this result, and we may also arrange
the same so as to admit of their being placed in a range of any convenient or suitable
number, as required or desired.
Our closets, when arranged for schools, barracks, hospitals, or other similar insti-
tutions, arc formed over a continuous receptacle or trough of any suitable material,
or combination of the same, and of any suitable or convenient section, by pre-
ference of an egg-shaped section, and we apply along the upper edge or edges or
part on the inside of the trough or receptacle a length of pipe at the back, and
another at the front, and in the same form slots or perforations to allow of the
passage of the water to cleanse the front and back of the trough or receptacle; or
we turn over the edges so as to form a passage for the water, and perforate the
same, whereby we obtain the same results, and we cause a stream or flush of water
to pass down the bottom of the same.
If preferred the flushing water may be admitted only through the perforated
pipes; or the stream along the bottom may be used, and a waste-preventing system
for controlling the water supply may be used if desired..
The water inlet to the trough or receptacle may be formed in the trough itself
out of the material composing the same if desired.
We also adapt this mode of using the trough or receptacle, so as to be used with
slop sinks or other receptacles in order to obtain a thorough cleansing of the same,
and avoid any ill effects from the adhesion of objectionable matter to the
interior.
"
In that part of our Invention relating to lavatories we improve the "tip-up
basin arrangement, introduced by the firm of J. Tylor & Sons in 1857, in which
the receiver or container acted as a stop to the basin by arranging the same so that
one stop on the basin shall act so as to prevent its complete reversal, and yet enable
the required movement for emptying the basin to be obtained, and we also arrange
the water supply so that the receiver or container shall be washed out each time the
water is let on, and apply a pedal or treadle and suitable levers and connections to
enable the "tip-up" action to be given by the foot.
We also arrange our lavatories and the basins and parts connected therewith in
such a manner as to obtain a quick discharge of the water therefrom, and so as to

page_text: admit of a thorough cleansing without taking the same apart, whereby we obtain
greater sanitary advantages; and the table or top, and the basin and outlet grating,
as well as the overflow arm, are or may be formed in one piece when desired; and
we also arrange the basins and parts so that any number may be readily attached
to form a range or row of the required or desired length; or a number of the same
may be formed in one piece.
When desired the tops of the tables may be made separate from the basins, and
the treadle action for the water supply, or discharge, or both, may also be applied
where desired or preferred.
We also arrange our traps or syphons so as to prevent the escape of any foul air
through the same in the wrong direction in those cases where the water supply
may fail; or they may be disused or left without proper attention long enough to
allow the water to evaporate, or to meet those other circumstances in which such
result might arise, and the trap be left dry.
In order to obtain this result we cause the outlet end of the pipe or part through
which the closet, sink, or other vessel is discharged, to turn upwards in the pipe or vessel
with which it is connected, and place a ball of any suitable size, weight, or material
in the same, but do not make the said ball small enough to enter the outlet orifice,
which, when the apparatus is not in use, sits upon the outlet orifice, and closes the
opening, preventing the escape of foul air or gas through the same, and when the
discharge is passing out it lifts the ball from its seat, and opens the passage, and
when it has passed the weight of the ball returns it to its seat, leaving all in
readiness to act in a similar manner on the next occasion. This arrangement is an
improvement on the Invention of Felix Abate, who introduced the principle for
closing the openings to the sewers of the street gullies many years ago.
We also arrange this mode of sealing outlets, so that the outlet may be formed in
or connected with an enlarged vessel or part in which the ball is placed, the outlet
from which may be connected with or attached to a drain or outlet pipe, and thus
enable the apparatus to be applied in those cases where its employment may be
found necessary.
It will be seen that by the ball rising up above the opening through which the
discharge takes place or is led away the area of the same is not diminished, and
the weight of the ball assists in bringing it back to and retaining it on its seat,
whilst if from any cause unsyphoning should take place the ball would immediately
restrain the passage of foul air or gases out of the drain.
In that part of our Invention relating to the controlling, regulating, and arresting
the flow of liquids and fluids, we improve the cistern shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3,
Sheet 6, of the Patent No. 2292 of 1872, granted to Alfred Tylor in that year, and
described therein by doing away with the lever and ball used for actuating the
after-flush valve, and connect the same to or arrange it to be actuated by the lever
and ball which control the inlet, at the same time leaving the ball free so that the
fall of the ball opens the valve, and allows the after flush to pass, and the incoming
water raises the ball, and causes the after-flush valve to close before the water can
reach the opening, or flow over or into the division so as to flow out, and we apply
this arrangement to the other cisterns if needed or desired.
We also adapt the single-acting cistern marked in the catalogue of 1878 of
Messrs. J. Tylor & Sons, so as to give the after flush by the aid of a syphon, and
form a division in the cistern, with a small hole or opening to allow the influx of
the water to the same, and the syphon may be formed or partially formed in the
cistern itself, or attached as a separate part to the outlet end of the syphon entering
the outlet below the seat of the outlet valve, the area of the syphon being larger
than the inlet opening.
We arrange packed cocks so as to be able to supply through one cock from
different inlets through one inlet, or from one inlet through two different outlets.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph John Tylor and William Alfred Tylor in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 4th December 1878.
JOSEPH JOHN TYLOR and WILLIAM ALFRED TYLOR, both of No. 2, Newgate
Street, in the City of London, Engineers and Brassfounders. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE ARRANGEMENTS AND FITTINGS OF WATERCLOSETS, LAVATORIES, AND OTHER
SANITARY APPARATUS, AND THE PARTS USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR
CONTROLLING, REGULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS
TO OR FROM THE SAME, WHEREBY MORE CONVENIENCE IN USE IS EFFECTED,
WASTE PREVENTED, AND GREATER SANITARY ADVANTAGES OBTAINED."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the arrangements and fittings
of waterclosets, lavatories, and other sanitary apparatus, and the parts used in
connection therewith for controlling, regulating, and arrosting the flow of liquids
and fluids to or from the same, whereby more convenience in use is effected, waste
prevented, and greater sanitary advantages obtained.
In that part of our Invention relating to waterclosets we form and arrange the
parts used in forming what is known as a pan watercloset, so as to enable the part
forming the trap to be placed above the floor level, and in the closet known as a
valve closet we obtain a similar result, and cause the valve to move away from the
outlet so as to leave a clear way for the soil (but not descend low enough to enter
the trapping water), and thus diminish the chance of clogging, choking, or gagging
the valve; we also place the valve at the side in place of the bottom, whereby we
are enabled to use a larger basin and still trap above the floor level; we arrange
and form our hopper closet so that it has a container, and is self-trapped, always
retains the water, and can be made in one with the trap and container.
In the pan closet we form and arrange the container and trap so as to admit of
being made in one part, whereby we are enabled to place the same above the floor
level, though, if desired, the same form and arrangement may be made in two or
more parts and still produce the same results; where desired or preferred the con-
tainers and traps may be provided with means for flushing or washing them out
independently of using the closet and passing the water through the basin.
The actuating part for discharging the contents of the pan or valve closet basins
is arranged by means of a suitable guide or groove, or slot or slots, so as to enable
the pull-up arrangement to rise and fall in an inclined, straight, or vertical line, and
so avoid the angular strain on the parts which occur in those cases where means
of avoiding the same is not provided, and the treadle or foot action may be applied
for actuating the water supply and discharge where desired or preferred.
We also arrange closets where the point of discharge is situated above the closet,
so that they may be emptied or discharged by the employment of a vacuum, or
pressure of air or steam, or both, or induced currents, or by the use of a jet or
current of water to produce the same effect.
In those cases in foreign countries where it is not the custom to use a sitting
posture we arrange closets for use in the same, so as not to have seats and to admit
of their being supplied with water and readily cleaned, making the front and back
movable in the container in order to obtain this result; and we may also arrange
the same so as to admit of their being arranged as a range of any convenient or
suitable number, as required or desired.
Our closets when arranged for schools, barracks, hospitals, or other similar insti-
tutions, are formed over a continuous receptacle or trough, of any suitable material,
or combination of the same, and of any suitable or convenient section, by preference
of an egg-shaped section, and we apply along the upper edge or edges, or part, on the
inside of the trough or receptacle a length of pipe at the back and another at the
front, and in the same form slots or perforations to allow of the passage of the water
to cleanse the front and back of the trough or receptacle, or we turn over the edges

page_text: so as to form a passage for the water and perforate the same, whereby we obtain
the same results, and we cause a stream or flush of water to pass down the bottom
of the same.
If preferred, the flushing water may be admitted through the perforated pipes,
or the stream along the bottom may be used, and a waste-preventing system for
controlling the water supply may be used, if desired.
The water inlet to the trough or receptacle may be formed in the trough itself
out of the material composing the same, if desired.
We also adapt this mode of cleansing the trough or receptacle so as to be used
with slop sinks or other receptacles, in order to obtain a thorough cleansing of the
same and avoid any ill effects from the adhesion of objectionable matter to the
interior.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, shews in vertical longitudinal section one arrangement of our
improved pan watercloset, herein-before described, in which the container and trap
are made in one part, and give a double seal or trap, and are placed above or at.
the floor level, Fig. 2 being an elevation of the same, shewing our improved pull-
up arrangement, herein-before described, whereby the same is caused to rise or fall
or move in a straight, inclined, or vertical line, and thereby avoid the angular
strain encountered where means for preventing the same is not provided.
A
A is the basin; B, the container formed in one with the trap, although they may
be formed separately, if desired; C, the trap; D, the pan, shewn dotted, working
on the rod or pivot E, and actuated in the ordinary or any convenient manner.
small door or opening F is or may be formed on the trap to enable access to the
interior to be obtained, if desired; Fig. 2 shews the closet complete with water.
supply regulator and other parts; similar letters of reference denote like parts in
both Figures.
By means of the arrangement shewn in the before-mentioned Figures it will be
apparent that we have arranged a pan closet, to which a trap is applied, which is
trapped above or at the floor level and so avoids cutting away the floor, and that
it does away with the joint between the trap and the container, and that by our.
improved pull-up arrangement we are enabled to secure great steadiness and even-
ness in action and freedom from derangement.
Fig. 3 shews in vertical longitudinal section one arrangement of our improved
valve watercloset, herein-before described, which traps on or above the floor level,
giving a double seal or trap, and in which the valve on being opened moves away
so as to leave a clear opening or outlet from the basin and does not descend into
the trapping water, its position when open being shewn by the dotted outline,
whereby we are enabled to greatly diminish any chance of clogging or gagging of
the valve. A, the basin, provided with a hollow rim for the passage of the water;
B, the valve; C, the trap, on which a part D for the connection of an outlet from
a urinal or other source is formed, E being the overflow arm or outlet from the
basin, trapped at its lower end.
Fig. 4 is an elevation shewing the closet complete, and the arm, stud, projection,
or part F on the "pull-up," or connected therewith for actuating the lever or part
controlling the water supply to the basin.
Fig. 5 shews in vertical longitudinal section a modification of our improved
valve closet in which the valve is placed at the side, as herein-before mentioned,
and the valve itself is so formed as to act as the overflow outlet, and yet retain
sufficient water in the basin to trap it and so do away with an overflow arm or
outlet on the basin, whereby a separate trap may be dispensed with. The part E,
shewn dotted, is for connecting a pipe to allow of the escape of foul air or gases.
Fig. 6 is a similar section of a modification of the same in which a different
form of basin is used, the valve hung in a different manner, shewn by the dotted
lines in its position when open, and a provision is made for the connection of a
ventilating pipe at E, which if trapped may be used for the outlet of a urinal,
lavatory, bath, or other outlet. Similar letters of reference denote like parts in
the two Figures. A is the basin with the turned-over rim for the water supply;

page_text: B, the valve closing the basin and forming the overflow therefrom, being turned up
sufficiently high to maintain the required or desired depth or height of water level
in the basin C, the part to which the basin is attached, which is connected to or,
forms part of the outlet or soil pipe. The valve works on or with the rod or
spindle D, and is actuated by the pull-up arrangement or in the ordinary or any
convenient or suitable manner, suitable openings are shewn for giving access to the
valve, and E shews where the ventilating or other pipe is to or may be connected.
It will be seen by the two Figs. that we are enabled to arrange a valve closet.
trapped on or above the floor level, and dispense with an overflow arm or outlet on
the basin, at the same time being able to use a deeper basin, which is still trapped
by the water contained in the basin, and that the contents of the basin escape
rapidly and freely into the container, and that we are enabled to dispense with a
separate trap. This arrangement is to meet those cases where it is not desired or
required to use a valve closet in connection with a trap. We may sometimes use a
flap or other suitably shaped valve, and an overflow arm (trapped) for this purpose.
Sheet 2 shows in longitudinal vertical section six modifications of our improved
valve closet, trapped at or above the floor level, by means of which a good supply
of water is retained in the basin, a double trapping or sealing of the outlet or soil
pipe obtained, and to which an air pipe or connection with the outlet of an urinal
or other source may be applied or connected.
Fig. 1 shows a valve closet. with the basin and trap made in one piece, and
trapped at or above the floor level, in which the outlet from the basin is closed by
a valve, also forming the overflow outlet, on pulling up which the water supply is
let on by the connection passing through the opening shewn above the same, and
under the pull-up handle. The outlet from the basin passes into the enlarged
chamber or part under the same, and is turned up sufficiently to retain the desired
or required amount of water, and the air pipe connection is placed as shewn. If it
is desired to use this to connect the outlet from a urinal or other source, then the
end inside the enlarged part should be turned up so as to form a trap and prevent
the escapo of foul air or gas.
Fig. 2 is a modification of the same, made in one piece, or the basin of earthen-
ware and the enlarged chamber trap of iron or other suitable material, or vice versa,
with the outlet formed differently, and a different valve is used, which is solid and
lifts up clear of the water to prevent obstruction or clogging, and an overflow out-
let or passage G is formed by the side of the chamber in which the valve is placed.
Like parts are denoted by similar letters of reference. A is the basin; B, the valve;
C, the trap; D, the enlarged part; E, part to connect air pipe; F, in Fig. 2, con-
nection for urinal outlet; G, overflow arm in passage. H, an inlet to trap, provided
with valve to prevent escape of foul air.
It will be seen on reference to the above Figures that the trap is formed with an
enlarged chamber or part D to render the chance of the seal in the trap being
drawn or syphoned out less likely to happen. The valve in Fig. 1 forms the over-
flow outlet, and in Fig. 2 the valve is formed as shewn.
Fig. 3 is another modification shewing the basin to discharge at the side, the
trap and valve box or enlarged part, made in three parts, an overflow arm or outlet
being formed on or attached to the basin, and a connection for the outlet of a
urinal or other source is provided, and may be used with an ordinary trap by a
slight modification, or without a trap if desired. A, the basin; B, the valve; C, the
trap; D, the enlarged part, forming also the valve box; E, the overflow arm or
outlet; F, the connection for a urinal. It will be seen by the above Figure that
the valve moves clear away from and above the discharge from the pan, that an
enlarged part or chamber D is provided which contains the valve to which the
basin is connected, and the two are then attached to the trap. The valve is shewn
open, and the closet in the act of discharging.
Fig. 4 is another modification shewing how a full sized Bramah's basin may be
used, the arrangement consisting of the basin and trap in two separate parts. A, the
basin; B, the valve; C, the trap; D, the enlarged part; E, overflow arm or outlet.

page_text: It will be seen on reference to the above Figure that the valve works clear of
the discharge and trapping water, that a basin of greater depth can be obtained,
and that the enlarged part or chamber D is made in one with the trap, whereby at
least one joint is avoided.
Fig. 5 is another modification, in three parts, shewing the application of the
valve forming the overflow, illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, Sheet 1, the valve working
in a similar manner to that shewn in Fig. 5, Sheet 1, the position of the valve
when open being shown by the dotted lines. A, the basin; B, the valve; C, the
trap; D, the enlarged part or valve box.
It will be seen on reference to the above Figure that a deeper basin can be used,
that no overflow arm is needed as the valve is so formed and arranged to act as
such, and that it moves away clear of the discharge and trapping water.
Fig. 6 shews another modification in which the enlarged part valve box or
chamber is made in a different form, and a weight working on a stud pin, or
bearing on or attached to the valve, being employed. In this case the basin valve.
box or enlarged part and trap are in three separate parts. A, the basin; B, the
valve; C, the trap; D, the enlarged part or valve box; E, the weight attached to
the valve; the position of the parts when the valve is open being shewn by the
dotted lines.
It will be seen on reference to the Figure that it is very similar to Fig. 5, but
by the arrangement and use of the weight on the valve we are enabled to dispense
with some of the weights and levers used on the outside.
Sheet 3 shews in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 an elevation, section, and plan of our improved
after-flush arrangements for closets, whereby the use of an after-flush cistern can be
dispensed with. Similar letters of reference denote similar parts in each of the
Figures. A, the basin; B, the enlarged rim or space for containing the flushing or
sealing water; C, the flexible tube part or connection between the after flush and
direct flush; D, the actuating lever or part; E, water inlet to rim; F, the passage
for direct flush; G, outlet from basin; H, lever for actuating D.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On raising the lever H, which is
or may be connected with the part to which the valve or pan is attached or con-
nected, the part D is caused to rise and lift the flexible tube part or connection C to
the position shewn in Fig. 1, letting on the water through E into the rim B, which
when filled causes the water to flow through C into the basin, flushing it thereby, and
on the lever H returning to its normal position the pan or valve closes the outlet, and
allows C to return to the position shewn by the dotted lines, and the retained water
flows from E through C into F, and so seals the pan or basin.
"
This arrangement may be connected with any waste-preventing cistern, or sup-
plied through a " waste-not valve or regulator, or other convenient means, the
sealing or trapping water being retained in either case.
Figs. 4 and 5 are part sectional elevations of other modifications of our improved
arrangements for obtaining the flush and after-flush of closets.
In Fig. 4, A is the basin; B, the enlarged rim; C, the flexible connection between
E and I; D, actuating part; E, inlet to rim and basin; F, passage to basin; G, the
inlet from basin; H, valve controlling after-flush; I, inlet arm for after-flush.
In Fig. 5 the same letters of reference denote similar parts, the variations between
the two plans consisting in the use of a fixed metal or other suitable connection C
in place of the flexible one shewn in Fig. 4, and the employment of a weight in
connection with the valve H.
The action of these arrangements is as as follows:-On operating the part for
actuating the closet the lever D is caused to raise the valve H, and close the passage
from E to I, the water flowing through E into B, and out at F into the basin, and
flushing the same. On releasing the handle the valve H opens, and allows the
water which has been retained in B to flow through I into the basin and trap the
same. It will be seen that the outlet H in Fig. 5 closes downwards in place of
closing upwards.

page_text: Fig. 6 is another arrangement, in which a fixed flushing box with valve H is
employed.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On operating the actuating part
D is caused to rise and close the valve H, at the same time opening the water
supply, which enters B through K, filling the same, and then flowing through E
into the basin. On releasing the handle the valve H opens, and allows the water
in B to pass through I into the basin and seal the same.
In these above arrangements the valve or part controlling the inlet for after-flush
closes by means of lost motion before the water supply comes on.
Fig. 7 is another arrangement for obtaining the same results, in which a moveable
metallic or other suitable flushing box B, of any convenient or suitable form or size,
is provided, and the use of valves is dispensed with.
On moving the actuating part the box B is caused to fall to the position shewn
from that indicated by the dotted lines, in which position it remains after flushing
the pan on the last occasion, and the inlet valve being opened at the same time, the
water passes through the inlet into the basin (at the same time filling the box B,
whilst it remains in the position shewn), and on returning the closet handle to its
place the lever controlling B raises it to the position shewn by the dotted lines, and
discharges the sealing water into the basin. The part B is connected to the basin
by a swivel, flexible, or other suitable water-tight joint.
Fig. 8 is another arrangement of after-flush and supply apparatus for closets,
whereby the ordinary valve may be dispensed with. B, the box containing the
water; D, the actuating lever and connection; E, the outlet to basin for the flush;
H, the valve controlling the after-flush; I, the inlet to basin for after-flush; K, the
inlet to flushing box; L, the ball or valve closing the inlet to same; M, the part for
opening the inlet valve.
The action is as follows:-On raising the actuating handle, I) is caused to rise,
close H, and by means of lost motion open the valve L, letting on the water, which
flows through B to the basin, and on letting go the handle, L closes the water
supply, and H opens the after-flush passage. This apparatus can be fixed or applied
any closet where the seal or after-flush is desired.
to
Figs. 9 and 10 are a longitudinal section and plan of an improved water waste-
preventing arrangement for our closets, applicable also to other closets, where such
is desired. B is the box for containing the water; D, the actuating lever; E, inlet
to basin; H, the valve controlling the after-flush; I, the inlet to basin for after-
flush; K, inlet to apparatus; L, the valve and its chamber L' which controls the water
supply; M, the part for actuating valve; N, the moveable piston in the valve L.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On operating the part for actuating
the closet which is connected with D, the same is caused to rise, letting H close, and
as it moves, by means of M acting as a valve to the piston N, and closing the
opening in the same, the piston is caused to press upon the water in the cylinder
part of the valve L, and depress and push the same off its seat, and let on the
water through K, which passes into the box B, and through E to the basin, filling
the box for the after-flush; and should the actuating part be caused to keep the end
of D, with which it is connected, in the position required for letting on the water,
the valve L, by means of its buoyancy through the air chamber attached to it, and
the rush or induced current of the water, is caused to close slowly and shut off
the supply, thus acting as a waste preventer, the part D returns to its normal
position, opening the valve H, and letting the trapping water pass through I into
the basin.
All the arrangements shown in this Sheet are intended to dispense with the use
of cranks and wires, so objectionable in the actuating parts at a distance, and can
most of them be conveniently applied to the seat action. The weights for returning
the parts are not shewn, being attached to the other part of the closet.
Sheet 4 shows in Figs. 1 to 5, sections of the closets herein-before described,
illustrating the modes in which we apply the metal collars and seats A, A, for the

page_text: valves to the basins. In Fig. 4, where the valve itself acts as the overflow, the
metal portion B attached to the valve to enable it to be hung, is shewn, as also the
rubber or other suitable material employed to make a tight joint. Fig. 5 shews our
closet with the improved metal trap, and the brass or metal seating A for the
valve B, which may also be made of any other suitable material, and the valve
itself, shewn here as a ground-in valve, may have a rubber or other face as desired
or preferred.
Figs. 6 and 7 shew in longitudinal section and plan our improved arrangement
of closet for use in foreign countries where it is not the custom to use a sitting
posture as herein-before described. A, A, the container, which is shewn with sockets
or parts C, C, to enable it to be connected to an inlet or outlet, or allow of several
being connected together to form a range; B, the front and back parts which may
be formed in one, as shewn, or in more if preferred, and which can be moved out
of the container for cleansing as herein-before described. In this arrangement the
ground line is at the point where B rests on A.
Sheet 5 shews in Fig. 1, in vertical elevation, an arrangement of our improved
closet for discharging the contents of the closet through an outlet situated abova
the basin by means of a jet of steam, air, water, or an induced current as berein-
before described, which is suitable for ships' use, or in those cases where the outlet
is above the basin. A, the basin of the closet; B, the actuating part; C, the part
controlling the pressure which forms the induced current; D, pipe or passage
for same; E, pipe or passage forming outlet from basin; F, the contracted space
through which the pressure or current for emptying the basin passes; G, the pipe
or outlet through which the contents pass; H is the pipe or passage leading the
pressure to D, controlled by the valve Ï.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On operating the part B, which
opens the valve in the basin and causes the part C to rise and open the valve I,
the pressure then passes from D to F, and, escaping through the narrow space at F,
causes an induced current from the basin through E, and forces the contents out
through G.
Figs. 2 and 3 shew, in sectional elevation and plan, an arrangement of an
improved waste-preventing after-flush closet arrangement to work below the seat,
and to avoid the use of cranks and wires. A is the basin; B, the trap; C, the
valve or part controlling the outlet from basin; D, the actuating part; E, the
cistern for after-flush; F, the division in same for supply; G, the ball or float valve
controlling the same; H, inlet valve to after-flush compartment; I, valve
controlling outlet of same; K, passage from supply to basin; L, is the hole, shewn
dotted, which allows the water for filling F to pass whilst supply is on for washing
pan.
The action is as follows:-On raising the part D by means of lost motion, I is
caused to close before the valve C is open and H is also opened, the water then
passing from F to E, and allows the ball or float G to fall, and open inlet to flush
basin through K, at the same time. the water escapes through the opening L, which
is adjusted to fill during the time the basin is being properly flushed, and raises the
ball or float G, thereby closing the inlet valve and shutting off the water. On
letting go of D the valve C closes and the valve H also closes, at the same time
opening I and allowing the water in E to pass into A, thereby sealing the same,
and all remains in readiness for the next operation.
It will be seen that this arrangement provides for flushing the basin whilst C is
open, and it is self-closing in whatever position the actuating part is placed, and
that an after flush is always retained ready for uso, the whole forming a complete
waste-preventing apparatus.
This arrangement may be made in one piece, of earthenware or other suitable
material or materials, or combination of the same, or in one or more parts, as desired
or preferred.
Sheet 6 shews in Fig. 1 a front elevation; Fig. 2, a side elevation; and in Fig. 3,
a sectional plan of our improved arrangement for causing the actuating part. of

page_text: closets to rise and fall, or be moved with a smoother and more certain action, and
without angular strain, as herein-before described. Similar parts are denoted by
similar letters of reference in all the above-named Figures.
A, the standard in which the slot or guide B is formed, as shewn, and in which the
part C with its rod and handle for operating the lever works; D, the lever with
the curved inclined slot E, which assists in obtaining the movement in which the
pin or projection F, attached to or formed on C works. G is another projection, pin,
or part on C which actuates H, controlling the water supply; I shews the slot in
which the bolts or screws are placed to allow of the part being adjusted as required.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On pulling up the handle the
part C is caused to rise, sliding in the slot B, at the same time lifting the lever D
with its curved inclined slot E, which controls the outlet from the closet, and in
its progress opening the water supply by means of the lever H actuated by the
part G.
It will be seen that the cup recess or dish in which the handle for operating
the closet is placed, is firmly attached by means of a nut and screw to the
standard A, and is provided with a washer or cushion to prevent noise from
concussion.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6, are elevations and plan of parts of the lever and pan of a
closet, shewing the improved arrangement for actuating the pan by means of the
peculiar arrangement of slot in which the pin, projection, or part on or connected
with the pan works. Similar parts are denoted by similar letters of reference in all
three Figures.
A is the pan; B, the lever; C, the peculiar arranged alot; D, the pin or projec-
tion working in the same, which operates the pan; E, the spindle carrying the pan.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On pulling up the lever B, which
may be attached to the arrangement shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the curved slot C
causes the pin or projection D to move from the top to the bottom of the same,
thereby opening the pan A, and causing it to take the position shewn in Fig. 5;
reversing the movement causes a reverse action and closes the pan. By this arrange-
ment we get a quicker action in opening and closing the pan, with a less range of
movement in the actuating part, and also a locking or retaining action to keep the
pan in its place.
Where desired we may use the peculiarly formed slot for actuating the water
supply, and the same may be formed on the lever actuating the pan or valve.
In that part of our Invention relating to lavatories we improve the "tip-up"
basin arrangement introduced by the Firm of I. Tylor & Sons, in 1857, in which
the receiver or container acted as a stop to the basin, by arranging the same (so that
one stop on the basin shall act so as to prevent its complete reversal) and yet enable
the required movement for emptying the basin to be obtained; and we also
arrange the water supply so that the receiver or container shall be washed out each
time the water is let on, and apply a pedal or treadle and suitable levers and
connections to enable the "tip-up" action to be given by the foot; we also arrange
an air pipe in connection with the outlet, so as to allow the air to enter and aid in
the quicker emptying of the basin.
We also arrange our lavatories and the basins and parts connected therewith in
such a manner as to obtain a quick discharge of the water therefrom, and so as to
admit of a thorough cleansing without taking the same apart, whereby we obtain
greater sanitary advantages, and the table or top, and the basin and outlet grating, as
well as the overflow arm, are or may be formed in one piece when desired, and we
also arrange the basins and parts so that any number may be readily attached to
form a range or row of the required or desired length, or a number of the same
may be formed in one piece.
When desired the tops of the tables may be made separate from the basins, and
the treadle action for the water supply or discharge, or both, may be also applied
where desired or preferred.
We also arrange our traps or syphons so as to prevent the escape of any foul air

page_text: through the same in the wrong direction, in those cases where the water supply may
fail, or they may be disused or left without proper attention long enough to allow
the water to evaporate or meet those other circumstances, in which such result
might arise and the trap be left dry, and at the same time diminish the liability of
choking, and yet have enough water to trap them.
In order to obtain this result we place the trap as low as possible below the
vessel or point from which the discharge takes place, and cause the outlet end of
the pipe or part through which the closet, sink, or other vessel is discharged, to
turn upwards in the pipe or vessel with which it is connected, and place a ball of
any suitable size, weight, or material, in the same, but do not make the said ball
small enough to enter the outlet orifice, which when the apparatus is not in use
sits upon the outlet orifice and closes the opening, preventing the escape of foul
air or gas through the same; and when the discharge is passing out it lifts the ball
from its seat and opens the passage, and when it has passed the weight of the ball
returns it to its seat, having all in readiness to act in a similar manner on the next
occasion.
This arrangement is an improvement on the Invention of Felix Abate, who
introduced the principle for closing the openings to the sewers of the street
gullies years ago.
↓
We also arrange this mode of sealing outlets, so that the outlet may be formed in
or connected with an enlarged vessel or part in which the ball is placed, the outlet
from which may be connected with or attached to a drain or outlet pipe, and thus
enable the apparatus to be applied in those cases where its employment may be
found necessary.
It will be seen that by the ball rising up above the opening through which the
discharge takes place, or is led away, the area of the same is not diminished, and the
weight of the ball assists in bringing it back to and retaining it on its seat, whilst
if from any cause unsyphoning should take place, the ball would immediately
restrain the passage of foul air or gases out of the drain.
Sheet 7 shows in vertical longitudinal sections in Figs. 1 and 2 two arrange-
ments of our improved hopper closets, shewn made in one piece, though they may
be made in two or more parts if desired, the advantages of which are that in Fig. 1
we are enabled to use and trap a larger basin, and in Fig. 2 obtain a double
trapping of the outlet. A, A, basins; B, B, trapping part.
"
Figs, 3, 4, 5, and 6, are sectional elevations and plans of our improved "tip up
lavatory basin and container, in which a single stop or basin acts in both directions,
as herein-before described. A, container; B, basin; C, stop on basin ; D, grated
outlet from container.
Fig. 4 shews section of container on line A, A, of Fig, 6. The basin in Fig. 6
being removed, and in which two stops or buffers on the container may be used in
addition or preference, as desired.
Sheet 8 shews in elevation in Fig. 1 our improved foot action arrangement for
lavatories and mode of connecting overflow and other outlets with the main
discharge or drain pipe, by means of which we form overflow draining holes for
soap dish, &c., in connection with each other and in one with the basin, whereby
wo are enabled to dispense with some of the joints, and thus reduce the chance of
leakage. We also cast or form the grating on the outlet in one with the basin, and
the valve controlling the outlet is arranged similarly to that of a valve closet; and;
as shewn in Fig. 3, Sheet 1, when preferred, a brass or other metal seating or seat
may be used.
A, pedal for water supply; B, pedal for discharges.
Figs. 2 and 3 shew in front view, with cover removed, and in elevation, our
improved arrangement of wall box or valve for controlling the water service to or
from lavatories, waterclosets, lavatories, urinals, &c., by means of which the same
can only be kept in operation by holding on the actuating part, which immediately
on letting go of the same allows the weight or moving part to close the valve and
shut off the water. A, the wall box; B, the inlet; C, the actuating part; D, lever
and weight for shutting off the outlet; E, outlet. By this arrangement of the

page_text: -front being removeable, access can be had to the valve and interior for examination
or repair, without having to detach or unfix the box or pull about the part to
which it is attached.
Figs. 4 and 5 shew in section two modifications of our improved trap for outlets,
as herein-before described, Fig. 4 shewing the enlarged chamber A and ball B
on the down pipe C; D, outlet; and Fig. 5, the modification and arrangement of
enlarged chamber A and the air pipe and inlet; B, valve controlling the same,
,to allow the air to enter and prevent the trap being emptied, or the escape of
foul air.
In that part of our Invention relating to the controlling, regulating, and arresting
the flow of liquids and fluids we improve the system shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 3,
Sheet 6, of the Patent No. 2292, of 1872, granted to Alfred Tylor in that year, and
described therein, by doing away with the lever and ball used for actuating the
after-flush valve, and connect the same to or arrange it to be actuated by the lever
and ball which control the inlet, at the same time leaving the ball free, so that the
fall of the ball opens the valve, and allows the after-flush to pasa, and the incoming
water raises the ball and causes the after-flush valve to close before the water can
reach the opening or flow over or into the division, so as to flow out; we apply
this arrangement to the other cisterns if needed or desired.
We also adapt the single-acting cistern marked in the catalogue for 1878 of
Messrs. J. Tylor & Sons, so as to give the after-flush by the aid of a syphon, and
form a division in the cistern, with a small hole or opening to allow the influx of
the water to the same; and the syphon may be formed, or partially formed, in the
cistern itself or attached as a separate part, the outlet end of the syphon entering
the outlet below the seat of the outlet valve, the area of the syphon being larger
than the inlet opening.
We arrange packed cocks, so as to be able to supply through one cock different
inlets through one outlet, or from one inlet through two different outlets, as shewn
in sectional plan and elevation in Figs. 6 and 7, Sheet 8, the plug in Fig. 7 having
the lead in the grooves both ways, so as to admit of being readily tightened top or
bottom.
Having now described our said Invention of "Improvements in the Arrange-
ments and Fittings of Waterclosets and Lavatories, and other Sanitary Apparatus,
and the Parts Used in connection therewith for Containing, Regulating, and
Arresting the Flow of Liquids and Fluids to or from the same, whereby more Con-
venience in Use is Effected, Waste Preventing, and greater Sanitary Advantages
obtained," and also the manner in which the same is to or may be performed or
carried into practical use, we desire to state that we do not limit or confine our-
selves to the precise details shewn in the accompanying Sheets of Drawings,
as the same may be modified without departing from the nature of the said
Invention; nor do we claim as of our Invention the use of waterclosets, lavatories,
traps, cisterns, or means for water controlling, as these are not novel; nor do we
claim any of the parts individually as new, except when combined together, applied
to and acted in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described, illustrated,
and specified; but what we do claim as of our Invention, and desire to have
protected by Letters Patent is,--
First. Arranging and forming pan waterclosets so that they may be trapped at
or above the floor level, also the arrangements of valve and hopper closets and
valves to form the overflow, also the arrangement for discharging the basin through
an outlet at a higher level, and the closets for use in foreign countries, as herein-
before described, specified, and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, and
arranging means for flushing the containers and traps of closets independently of
the water passing through the basin, as herein-before described.
Second. The arrangement of the actuating part of closets, so that the same is
caused to move up or down, and so that the angular strain on the parts which
exists where the same is not used may be avoided, as herein-before described and
specified, and as shewn in Figs. 1 to 6, Sheet 6, of the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Third. The arrangement of lavatories and the water-controlling arrangement of
the same, the single stop on the "tip up" basin acting in both directions, also the
traps for use with the same or other similar purposes, as herein-before described
and specified, and the wall box or shut-off arrangement for controlling the water
service, as illustrated in Sheet 8 of the accompanying Drawings.
Lastly. The arrangements of parts applied to and acting in the manner and for
the purposes herein-before described and specified, and as illustrated in the accom-
panying eight Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Alfred Tylor, for myself and Joseph
John Tylor, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of
December, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
WILLIAM ALFRED TYLOR. (L.S.)