Improvements in connection with the Manufacture of Shovels and other Tools having Sockets, and in the Tools used therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with the Manufacture of Shovels and
other Tools having Sockets, and in the Tools used therefor.
We, WILLIAM LUCAS, of Vale House, Dronfield in the County of Derby, Manu-
facturer, and CHARLES LOCKWOOD, Sheffield Road, Dronfield aforesaid, Works
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to the manufacture of shovels, spades and other
similar socketted tools or implements, and more particularly to the method of and
means employed for turning the sockets from the flat material into the tubular!form
to receive the handle.
We propose to accomplish the operation of turning the socket, at the same time
that the shovel or spade is stamped to form, but it may be a separate operation if
preferred.
It is accomplished by an arrangement of top and bottom tools, and guides as follows,
such tools being fitted to the bed and ram of a pressing machine having the means
by which it can be stopped when the ram has reached the top of its stroke.
We prefer to attach them to the heavy dies by which the shovel or spade blade is
stamped or pressed to form, and in front of same.
The top tool or die is curved upon its underside to correspond with the curve of
the desired socket of the article, say for example a shovel, and in the said face is a
semicircular groove of the required diameter of the socket, to give the upper part of
the socket its tubular shape.
This die is carried up and down by the vertically moving ram of the machine.
The lower dies to close and form the underside of the socket, with their guides rest
upon a projecting part of the bottom shovel die which rests upon the bed of the
machine, and a mandril round which the socket is to be bent projects centrally from
the heavy bottom.die.
The bottom jaws are capable of moving to and from each other laterally, and
when closed present a semicircular groove similar to that in the top die but reversed
in position.
These bottom jaws can slide vertically upon fixed guides and are raised to their
highest position by means of springs; they have convex surfaces which when brought
in contact with correspondingly concaved surfaces upon the guides, causes them to
approach.and close upon each other.
The action is as follows: The top die upon the tup is raised, and the bottom jaws
are raised above the mandriland opened to their full extent. The heated shovel plate
is placed upon the bottom shovel die with the extension for the socket resting upon
the mandril and passing ander the bottom jaws. The machine being set in motion
the ram descends and the top die comes in contact with the raised jaws und
forces them down, bending the sides of the socket plate over the mandril at the same
time.
The concave and convex surfaces before mentioned now working together force the
jaws together and squeeze the bent down sides of the socket plate xound the underside
of the mandril, completing the operation.
4
The ram and top die mow ascend, the shovel plate is drawn off the mandril, the jaws
are raised and.another shovel,plate inserted, and the process repeated.
Dated the 21nd dan of Tr
100

page_text: .
Improvements in connection with the Manufacture of Shovels and
other Tools having Sockets, and in the Tools used therefor.
We, WILLIAM LUCAS, of Vale House, Dronfield, in the County of Derby,
Manufacturer, and CHARLES LOCKWOOD, Sheffield Road, Dronfield aforesaid, Works
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same has to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Our invention has reference to the manufacture of shovels, spades and other tools
or implements having sockets, and more particularly to the method of, and means for,
turning the sockets from the flat material into the tubular form, into which the handle
is inserted.
We propose to accomplish the operation of turning the socket, at the same time
that the shovel or spade is stamped to form, but it may form a separate operation
if preferred.
The mechanism by which the operation is performed is illustrated in the annexed
sheet of drawings, similar letters of reference indicating similar parts in any of the
figures.
Fig. 1, is a front elevation of the mechanism.
Fig. 2, is a similar elevation with the tools closed.
Fig. 3, side elevation of Fig. 2, part being in section.
We use an arrangement of top and bottom tools, the bottom tools being secured to
the bed of a suitable machine, or to the bottom shovel die as preferred, and the top
tools secured to the vertically moving ram or slide of the machine, which is
preferably constructed so that it can be stopped when the ram has reached the top of
its stroke.
Referring to Fig. 1, R, is the ram (or it may be an attachment to the ram) P, is
the top pressing tool, and J¹, and J², are the bottom pressing tools or jaws.
We prefer to connect the pressing tools with the front of the heavy dies D, and D³,
Fig. 3, which are used to stamp or press the shovel or spade to form.
The top pressing tool P, projects forward and is curved upon its under face to
correspond with the curve of the desired socket of the shovel, for example, and in
the said face we make a semicircular groove P2, of the required diameter of the
socket, the front of the opening is seen in Figs. 1, and 2, and the curved form in
Fig. 3.
The bottom pressing tools or jaws J', and J2, are movable both vertically and
towards each other, and when closed the concave parts J³, form a semicircular groove
corresponding with P2.
These jaws J, and J², are supported upon vertical pillars S, which are held up by
spiral springs S2, and they are retained in position by means of fixed guides G¹, G²,
secured to the bed or base B, of the machine or die, and having means for a slight
adjustment.
Wedge pieces W, are used to adjust the angle of the guides, and at the lower
jaws J, and J, to suit the different angles or pitches of the sockets to the blades
and similar wedges or bevelled plates may be inserted between the ram R, and the
top tool P, or the same result may be obtained with the top tool by means of set
screws.
The guides have inner concave faces G³, and pass through openings in the
jaws J, and J, indicated by the dotted lines and these openings are provided with
convex faces.
The jaws are also attached to elastic side stays E, which descend with the jaws.
and slide in grooves under the caps C. A, is the plate for the socket, in position

page_text: for turning, and M, is the mandril round which the plate A, is to be turned. The
mandril M, is supported at its outer end by a stay F, see Fig. 3, but this is not
shown in Figs. 1, and 2, to prevent confusion, neither is the backward curve of the
upper pressing tool P, shown, for the same reason.
The action is as follows: The parts R, P, J, J, and D, being raised and open,
as shown in Fig. 1, a heated shovel plate is placed upon the bottom shovel die D³,.
with the extension for the socket passing under the bottom jaws J, and J², and
resting upon the mandril M.
The machine being set in motion, the ram R, descends, the top die P, comes in
contact with the jaws J, and Js, and forces them down the guides bending the
socket plate A, down each side of the mandril M, into the form of an inverted U
thus
The continued descent of the ram forces the convex part of the jaws against the
concave part of the guides, and causes the jaws to close upon the partly formed socket
and to complete the operation, as shown in Fig. 2.
When the pressure is removed the springs S, raise the supports S, with the jaws,.
and the elastic stays E, open the jaws to their full extent, the parts resuming the
positions in Fig. 1, the completed shovel is then removed.
For some classes of work the guides G', and G2, may be dispensed with, and the
jaws J, and J, may be made to slide horizontally to and from each other in guides
upon the part B, by means of cams or eccentrics connected with each jaw and
worked by hand levers or by any suitable mechanism attached to the moving ram R,
or other moving part of the machine as will be well understood, but we prefer the
first described arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In the manufacture of spades, shovels and other socketted tools, the construction,
arrangement and combination of the several parts of the apparatus as hereinbefore
described and shown, for the purpose specified.
2. In the manufacture of shovels or other socketted tools, a vertically moving top
tool P, in combination with jaws J1, and J2, guides G¹, and G2, and spring supports S,
all constructed and operating together substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. In apparatus for turning and closing the sockets of shovels and spades, the
combination of a top tool P, two sliding jaws J', and J³, operating as hereinbefore
described and shown, and actuated by any suitable arrangement of mechanism.
Dated the 4th day of November 1895.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicants.