IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED AND FIGURED PAPER
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED AND
FIGURED PAPER."- A communication from abroad by George La
Monte, George G. Saxe, and Charles H. Clayton, all of the City
and State of New York, United States of America,
-
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 9th September 1872, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of "the International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED AND FIGURED PAPER," and have petitioned Her
Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn

page_text: Declaration that it has been communicated to me from abroad by
George La Monte, George G. Saxe, and Charles H. Clayton, all of th
City and State of New York, United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement:-
The colored writing paper now in use is. dyed in the pulp, so that the
body of the texture is of uniform color, and when sized and calendered
a tint not essentially permanent becomes practically indelible. Con-
sequently writing may be removed from such paper by erasure or
otherwise without materially changing the color of the paper. In
manufacturing paper the process of changing from a dye of one color
to one of another also involves considerable labor and expense, materially
enhancing the cost. The objects of the first part of this Invention are
to guard against the fraudulent removal of writing from the paper and
to lessen the cost of its manufacture.
The first object is accomplished by applying after the pulp has
assumed the sheet form and is in the process of sizing (or immediately
thereafter), a sensitive dye which is fugitive under the action of acids
and alkalies. The sizing acts as a shield, and the fabric therefore
receives the tint externally, while a portion of the inner fibre remains
white. Any attempt to remove writing from paper thus made will so
disturb the surface as to betray the fraudulent intention.
The economy of the process will be obvious from the fact that the dye
may be readily changed for one of another color in the same web and
with little delay.
The mode of operation may be thus described:-The desired tint
is given to the sizing, and as the sheet passes through it in a continuous
web it is duly colored as well as sized, and is ready for drying and
calendering. If preferred the coloring fluid may be applied after the
web emerges from the sizing vat by means of a second vat filled with
the fluid dye, or of a saturated mat applied to the surface of the sheet
as it passes.
After this the fabric is dried and calendered in the usual
manner.

page_text: Paper is ordinarily figured in the course of manufacture by water
marks, which render the paper thinner in the figured parts than in the
plain portion. Figures are also sometimes impressed by embossing or
printing after the paper is finished.
The object of the second part of the said Invention is to figure the
paper by tinting in various shades or depths of color for purposes of
ornamentation as well as to facilitate the discovery of fraudulent
alterations by rendering the fugitive tints more difficult to restore after
removal by erasure or chemicals. It is obvious that an elaborate figure
would be more difficult to reproduce than a plain uniform tint.
The process of figure tinting according to this Invention may be thus
described: The sheet is passed through a vat of coloring liquid and
thence between rollers which press out the superfluous fluid as in the
process of sizing. The surface of one or both of these rollers is engraved
with any desired figure or design, and such figure or design is transferred
to the paper in different shades of color.
In the ordinary manufacture of paper the pulp is white and is formed
into a continuous sheet. After passing over a number of heated
cylinders for the purpose of drying it descends and passes around
a cylinder immersed in sizing composed of glue and water, and rising
passes between rollers, by which all superfluous sizing is pressed out.
The paper is then by the ordinary method dried and calendered.
Figure tinting according to the said Invention is accomplished in
one of two ways, first, by coloring the sizing to any desired tint and
passing the sheet while moist with the colored sizing between rollers,
one of which is engraved with the design or devices it is desired to
reproduce upon the paper. The raised portions of the roller will press
most of the color into the fibre, thus leaving the parts of the paper
subjected to their action of a dark tint, while the depressed portions
will have a lighter shade. When the paper is of ordinary thickness the
figure will show on both sides. Secondly by the following method:-
After the sheet has passed through the ordinary white sizing, and has
been partially calendered it is made to pass under a small cylinder
immersed in the coloring fluid, it is then passed between the plain
and engraved rollers as before described, and is finished in the usual
way.

page_text: Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. A colored paper superficially dyed in the sheet in or after the
process of sizing during the course of manufacture, and with colors
which are fugitive under the action of the acids and alkalies employed
for the fraudulent removal of writing, for the purpose of affording a
double means of disclosing the alteration of written documents, whether
effected by erasure or by the use of chemicals, as specified.
Second. A paper figured in the process of tinting by means of 1
engraved rollers, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
Witness,
CHAS. J. GOOCH.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)