Improved Apparatus for and Method of Extracting Oleaginous and other Added Matters from Fibrous, Spun, Textile, and other Analogous Substances.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 14th July, 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for and Method of Extracting Oleaginous and
other Added Matters from Fibrous, Spun, Textile, and other
Analogous Substances.
I EDWIN MANSFIELD, of 63 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex,
Engraver, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improved apparatus for and method of extracting the
oleaginous and other added matter from fibrous spun textile and other analogous
substances and has for its object not only the removal of the oleaginous and other
matters in question but also the recovery of the said matters separately and of
the free extractive agent as well the process being consequently economical and
continuous.
The nature of my invention will be best understood by describing its application to
the treatment of so well known a substance as dirty cotton waste though it is obvious
that it can be applied, by varying the cleansing agents as required, with equal facility
to the treatment of any other material of a fibrous nature.
The waste is placed in a perforated cage provided with a presser of suitable
construction either single or double acting and capable of a reciprocating motion.
A convenient form of double acting squeezer is a plate movable upon a spindle fast
to the bottom of the cage and subjected to the power of a lever. A pawl on the plate
engages with a rack on the spindle so that the pressure exerted primarily by the lever
upon the plate is brought to bear upon the waste from opposite sides say top and
bottom in the direction of the centre. The waste is then subjected to the action of an
alkaline solution which saponifies the grease. The latter as well as the dirt are expelled
by the operation of the presser.
The presser is next raised and a flush of water turned on. This flush has the effect
of completing the extraction as well as of removing all alkaline which by the addition
of fresh alkaline is adapted for use again.
The presser is again raised and a further water flush applied for the purpose of
washing the waste.
Flushing or saturation and squeezing may be applied as frequently as desirable, it
being the object of my invention to carry on the process of extraction as rapidly
as possible and this is expedited by flushing and squeezing following each other
rapidly.
After having been dried the waste is placed upon a wire (for preference) platform
and thoroughly agitated so as to soften it. The type of agitator must be adapted to
the particular nature of the fibre under treatment.
Dated this 11th day of September 1889.
J. C. CHAPMAN,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for and Method of Extracting Oleaginous and
other Added Matters from Fibrous, Spun, Textile, and other
Analogous Substances.
I EDWIN MANSFIELD, of 63 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex,
Engraver, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
My invention relates to improved apparatus for and method of extracting oleaginous
and other added matter from fibrous spun textile and other analogous substances, and

page_text: has for its object not only the removal of the oleaginous and other matters in question
but also the recovery of the extractive agent, the process being consequently economical
since the recovered extractive agent can with small revivifying addition be re-used,
almost indefinitely, and continuous since as hereinafter explained there need be no
stoppage in the process.
My invention has been more especially designed for the treatment of dirty cotton
waste but it is equally applicable by varying the cleansing agents as required, to the
treatment of any other material of a fibrous nature either raw or manufactured.
I will now fully describe my invention in reference to the accompanying drawings
which illustrate two apparatus for the purpose.
Figures 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of a small sized apparatus and fig. 2ª a plan.
Figures 3 and 4 are sectional elevations of a larger apparatus:
Figure 5 is a plan thereof, and
Figure 6 is a plan of tank and cage the latter being broken away :
Figure 7 is a detail hereinafter explained.
Similar letters indicate similar parts in all the figures.
I use a perforated or wire meshed cage A of suitable strength to resist the pressure
to be applied to it. It is constructed with supporting angle irons a a at its base as
illustrated and has a central vertical bar or spindle a fixed to it and carried up for a
suitable height and provided at its top with an eye for lifting purposes as illustrated
for example figures 3 and 4. The cage fits into an open tank T provided with one or
more outlets t, and into the cage is fitted a presser plate P with suitably spaced teeth
or serrations p'p upon its lower face and strengthening ribs if required upon its upper
side and bored centrally for the passage and working of bar or spindle a¹. This presser
plate P is forced down upon and held in close contact with the material in the cage as
follows:-
In the small single acting apparatus illustrated in figures 1 and 2 a corresponding
external casing or tube p¹ is fixed to the presser plate P through which passes the bar
or spindle a¹ a vertical guide being afforded by ก hinged bridge piece B placed across
the tank T: on two sides of the casing or tube p' are formed rack teeth R R¹. The
former R being engaged at each down stroke of lever L which is centred at 7 on the
bridge piece B by a counterweighted or spring pawl P¹ figure 2 carried by the lever L.
The reciprocating part is secured at each stroke at the point to which it has been
depressed by lever L by a second counterweighted or spring pawl P² centred on the
bridge piece B and engaging the teeth R¹ figure 1.
In a larger apparatus such as is illustrated in sheet 2 I employ duplex pawls P¹ P
for depressing, and P2 P² for holding the presser P.
In this case the racks R R are separate and independent, they are placed on
either side free of bar or spindle a' (which may be flat square or circular as illustrated)
and take their bearings upon a tripod or other raised table E. This rests on the top
of the presser plate P and is bored for the passage of spindle a¹ and slotted at e figure 5
for removal when required-upon this table E a bifurcated lever L is centred at 1 and
its pawls P P counterweighted as illustrated best in figure 7 engage at each down
stroke the teeth of the racks R R; the holding pawls P2 P2 are in this case arranged
on a bridge piece B supported at a convenient level above the tank T in such a way
as is illustrated figures 34 and 5, and engage simultaneously the same racks R Ř
higher up.
The teeth may all be of the same pitch or the upper ones may be slightly less
than the lower to ensure the engagement of the upper pair of pawls P2 P2.
Equivalent mechanical motions may be substituted for depressing and retaining
the presser P but those I have described I have found to answer the purpose well.
The above being the type of apparatus I use the method of performing my invention
is as follows:-
The material to be treated is put into the cage A which is placed in the tank T
wherein, or previous to its introduction, it is treated with an alkaline solution of from
8 to 15 strength (Twaddle hydrometer) which saponifies the grease. Then by the
operation of lever L the presser plate P is forced down upon the waste or material

page_text: and so retained by pawls P2 P2 the grease and cleansing agent being pressed out
together, and running through the outlet t to a special tank: Herein they may be
revivified for subsequent use by the addition of say 1% of fresh alkaline. The pipe t
is then closed, or if a two way cock is used the other way is then opened, and a flush
of water turned on to a suitable depth; the cage is then "jumped" up and down in
this and the waste is subjected from time to time to pressure as described until it
appears perfectly cleansed-the water is then run off. This flushing has the effect
of removing the grit and dirt as well as completing the extraction of grease and
remaining alkaline solution.
Flushing or saturation and squeezing may be applied as frequently as desirable it
being the object of my invention to carry on the process of extraction as rapidly
as possible and this is expedited by flushing and squeezing following each other
rapidly.
When this is completed the pawls P1 P2 are freed from the racks R R¹ the bridge
piece B and lever L in figures 1 and 2 swing out of the way-or in figures 3-6 the
tripod E lever L and racks R are bodily removed-and the cage A hauled up clear
of the tank, unpacked and refilled for future use.
After the waste is washed as described and dried it is placed upon a wire or
perforated platform and upon it is applied a light iron frame with spikes which
hold it in position and by alternating motion renders it soft pliant and absorbent.
For cleansing wool the method above described is applicable but the usual
cleansing agents must be employed instead of the alkaline solution above stated.
By my invention the material is thoroughly cleansed from all greasy matter and
also from the dirt and grit which would otherwise injure by scratching painted varnished
or polished surfaces, moreover the cleansing agents can be used an indefinite number
of times and when no longer fit for the purpose of cleansing owing to the highly
saponaceous condition they obtain they are worth for extrinsic purposes nearly the
prime cost.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The hereinbefore described apparatus for extracting oleaginous and other added
matter from fibrous spun textile and other analogous substances consisting of the
tank T, the perforated cage A with bar or spindle for reciprocating it, the presser
plate P and means for depressing and retaining same all arranged and operating
substantially as set forth.
2. The hereinbefore described method for extracting oleaginous and other added
matter from fibrous spun textile and other analogous substances consisting in subjecting
the material previously treated with alkaline solution to pressure and recovering
the products of such pressure, then subjecting the said material to water flushing and
pressure alternately until it is thoroughly cleansed prior to drying same, substantially
as set forth.
3. The use for the purposes specified of a containing tank such as T with separate
outlets, a reciprocating perforated cage in combination with means for pressing
contents of same substantially as set forth in reference to the annexed drawings.
Dated this 19th day of July 1800
J. C. CHAPMAN, Fel. Inst. Patent Agents,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.
J. C. CHAPMAN, Fel. Inst. Patent Agents,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.