Improvements in Rotary Pumps.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1890
. Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1890-Accepted, 8th Nov., 1890
Improvements in Rotary Pumps.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM JACOB, of The Elms, Hampton Wick, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
My invention relates to rotary pumps for pumping water or other non-elastic or
elastic fluids, and it has for its object a novel method of constructing such rotary
pumps, so that they are simple, cheap, durable, and effective.
In order to put my invention in operation, I take a cylindrical case of cast iron or
other suitable material, preferably of considerable diameter in proportion to its width.
On the ends of this case I form or fix bearings in which revolves a central shaft, and
upon this shaft I fix inside the case a cylindrical or other boss which carries a blade or
diaphragm of a double helical shape; that is to say, starting from one end of the case
with which it is in contact it makes a helical curve of one half turn to the other end of
the case at a point diametrically opposite, and thence back with a helical curve of
reverse pitch to the point from which it started. The outer edge of this helical
diaphragm and the two radial lines where its surface meet the inner sides of the ends
as described, are made to fit as close as conveniently possible to the inside of the
case.
At a convenient part of the casing, I make two opposite radial slits or openings in
its ends, and into these slits I fit a moveable radial plate, which can move backward
and forward in the slits in a direction parallel with the shaft of the pump. The inner
edge of this plate fits against and moves endways upon the cylindrical boss upon the
shaft, whilst its outer edge works in a parallel groove inside the circumference
of the cylindrical case. The plate has a radial slot extending from its inner edge to
the outer edge of the double helical blade or diaphragm, and the latter passes freely
through the radial slot, so that when the shaft is turned, the blade as it revolves moves
the plate backward and forward.
Suitable caps or covers are formed or fixed upon the outside of the ends of the case, .
into which the ends of the plate pass as it moves backward and forward as described,
and leather or other packing is preferably arranged round the slot in the plate so as to
keep the opening sufficiently water tight. In order to strengthen the moving plate its
outer edge, which fits and works in the slot in the cylindrical case, is preferably made
of considerable depth and width.
An inlet pipe communicates with the casing close to one side, and an outlet pipe
close to the other side of the moving plate.
.
When the shaft is made to revolve by any suitable power, the water or other fluid is
drawn in through one of the pipes and discharged through the other, by the revolution
of the double helical disc which as it revolves varies the capacity of the chamber upon
each side of the transverse moveable plate.
Instead of the case being cylindrical, its outer circumference may form part of a
sphere, and the central boss upon the shaft may also be spherical, the transverse
moving plate being of corresponding shape and its inner edge moving upon the
spherical boss, and its outer edge against the inside of the groove in the case, as it
oscillates backward and forward.
In this form, the ends of the case are preferably nearer together at their centre,
round the boss and further apart at their circumference, the double helical blade being
of corresponding shape.
The details, and the shape and proportions of the several parts, of the improved:

page_text: apparatus, may be varied more or less as may be found desirable in the circumstances
in which it is to be used.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1890.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Pumps.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM JACOB, of The Elms, Hampton Wick, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and accompanying drawings, that is to say :-
My invention relates to rotary pumps for pumping water or other non-elastic or
elastic fluids, and it has for its object a novel method of constructing such rotary
pumps, so that they are simple, cheap, durable, and effective.
In order to put my invention in operation, I take a cylindrical case of cast iron or
other suitable material, preferably of considerable diameter in proportion to its
width.
On the ends of this case I form or fix bearings in which revolves a central shaft,
and upon this shaft I fix inside the case a cylindrical or other boss which carries a
blade or diaphragm of a double helical shape, that is to say, starting from one end of
the case with which it is in contact it makes a helical curve of one half turn to the
other end of the case at a point diametrically opposite, and thence back with a helical
curve of reverse pitch to the point from which it started. The outer edge of this
helical diaphragm and the two radial lines where its surface meet the inner sides
of the ends as described, are made to fit as closely as possible to the inside of the
case.
At a convenient part of the casing, I make two opposite radial slits or openings in
its ends and into these slits I fit a moveable plate, which can move backward and
forward in the slits in a direction parallel with the shaft of the pump. The inner
edge of this plate fits against and moves endways upon the cylindrical boss upon the
shaft, whilst its outer edge works in a parallel groove inside the circumference of the
cylindrical case. The plate has a radial slot extending from its inner edge to the outer
edge of the double helical blade or diaphragm, and the latter passes freely through the
radial slot, so that when the shaft is turned, the blade as it revolves moves the plate
backward and forward.
Suitable caps or chambers are formed or fixed upon the outside of the ends of the
case, into which the ends of the plate pass as it moves backward and forward as
described, and leather or other packing is preferably arranged round the slot in the
plate so as to keep the opening sufficiently water tight. In order to strengthen the
moving plate its outer edge, which fits and works in the slot in the cylindrical case is
preferably made of considerable depth and width.
An inlet pipe communicates with the casing close to one side, and an outlet pipe
close to the other side of the moving plate.
When the shaft is made to revolve by any suitable power the water or other fluid is
drawn in through one of the pipes and discharged through the other, by the revolution
of the double helical disc which as it revolves varies the capacity of the chamber upon
each side of the transverse moveable plate. Instead of the case being cylindrical, its
outer circumference may form part of a sphere, and the central boss upon the shaft
may also be spherical, the transverse moving plate being of corresponding shape and
its inner edge moving upon the spherical boss, and its outer edge against the inside of
the groove in the case, as it oscillates backward and forward.
In this form, the ends of the case are preferably nearer together at their centre,
round the boss and further apart at their circumference, the double helical blade
taking in this case the form of a flat disc inclined at a sufficient angle to the centre

page_text: Figure 6 a side view of a pump.
Figure 7 is a separate view of the inclined disc carried by a spherical central boss
upon the shaft.
Figures 8, 9, and 10 are views, upon an enlarged scale, of the sliding plate.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures.
a is the cylindrical case, to which are fitted ends b, b', having bearings c, c², formed
upon or attached to them in which the central driving shaft d revolves. e is the
central boss fixed upon the shaft & and carrying the inclined disc or plate f, (as shewn
in Figure 7). The ends b, 6, are made conical as shewn, so that one point of the
opposite sides of the inclined plate f touch them as the latter revolves. The outer
edge of the inclined plate f is turned or formed so that it fits sufficiently closely in the
cylindrical casing A transverse radial plate ġ has its inner edge curved to fit upon
the central spherical boss e, and upon a continuation of such spherical surface at h, h',
formed upon the ends b, 61, so that the plate can oscillate backward and forward in a
plane parallel to the shaft d, whilst it still remains in sufficiently close contact with the
spherical centre.
a.
The cylinder a is provided with inlet and outlet openings i, k, upon each side of the
moving plate g, a guide being arranged between them in which the outer curved
edge of the plate g works, and the latter also passes through radial slits in the
ends 6, 6, and into closed chambers m, n, formed upon or fixed upon the outside of
the ends b, 61.
The inclined disc or plate f passes through a radial slit o in the moveable radial
plate g, provision being made (as hereinafter described) to keep the joint between them
sufficiently watertight.
It will be seen that the inclined plate and the moveable radial plate g together,
divide the interior of the cylinder a into two separate parts, each communicating with
one of the openings i, k, and that the relative capacity of the two parts is constantly
varying as the inclined plate frevolves, so that water or other fluid drawn in
through the supply pipe is discharged in a continuous stream through the delivery
pipe, either pipe serving for either purpose according to the direction in which the
shaft is made to revolve.
The chambers m, n, are shewn provided with faces at p, p, between and against
which the radial moving plate g works, but such faces need only be provided upon the
side against which the plate g is pressed by the water, sufficient space being left upon
the other side to allow water to enter and leave the chambers m, n, as the plate
moves in and out of the latter. Or faces may be provided upon both sides, but
sufficient clearance may be allowed so that the moving plate g touches such faces only
on one side.
The slit o in the moveable plate g through which the inclined plate ƒ passes, is
preferably made circular in cross-section (as shewn in Figures 8, and 9) and a
cylindrical bar is fitted into this slit so that it can turn sufficiently freely in the
latter. The cylindrical bar has a slit through it in which fits the inclined disc
or plate f, so that as the angle of the latter with the plate g varies as the disc
revolves with the shaft d, it turns the bar r with it, a sufficiently water tight joint
being thus made.
Leather or other flexible strips may also be used in the usual way covering the
joints of the moving parts and pressed against them by the pressure of the
water.
In the form of arrangement first described, in which the plate f is of a helical

page_text: form, a similar arrangement may be used where the plate passes through a slit in
the plate y to make a water tight joint between them, but in this case, as already
described, the plate g moves backward and forward upon a cylindrical central boss
instead of turning upon a spherical one. Where this form of arrangement is used,
the moving plate g instead of being radial and sliding upon the cylindrical central
boss, may be made at its inner edge to rest against the side of such boss, so that
it forms a tangent to the diameter of the boss.
It is obvious that my improved apparatus may be used as a motive power engine
instead of a pump, by admitting water or other fluid under pressure into one of
the pipes described.
I do not confine myself to the precise form of apparatus described, as the details,
and the shape and proportions of the several parts may be varied more or less as
may be found desirable in the circumstances in which it is to be used, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
an
1. The combination of the cylinder, flat cylinder ends, shaft, central cylindrical
boss, and plate having a double helical curve, with the sliding plate having
opening through which the helical plate passes, the slits in the cylinder ends and
chambers in which the sliding plate works, the inlet and outlet openings, and the
faces against which the sliding plate fits, all arranged and operating substantially
in the manner and for the purpose herein described.
2. The combination of the cylinder a, conical ends b, 61, driving shaft d, central
spherical boss e and inclined plate or disc f, with the sliding plate having an
opening through which the inclined plate f passes, the slits in the conical
ends c, c, the chambers m, n, the inlet and outlet openings i, k, and the faces 1, p,
against which the sliding plate g works, all arranged and operating substantially
in the manner and for the purpose described and shewn in the drawing.
3. In combination with the helical or inclined plate and sliding plate g the
slot o and slotted cylindrical bar r, as described and illustrated in Figures 8, 9,
and 10, of the accompanying drawing.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.