Improvements in Saw Sets.
Year: 1897

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Saw Sets.
We, JOHN BOWLES, Editor, of Washington, United States of America, aud
CORNELIUS SMITH MITCHILL, Manufacturer, of 545, West 22nd Street, New
York, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The special object of our invention is to provide a simple and serviceable saw set
for setting the teeth of self-planing saws, wherein the forward edges of the saw
teeth are bevelled or sharpened and set laterally beyond the plane of the saw so as
to plane the cut surfaces of the wood in the process of sawing.
To this end we have devised a saw set combining various novel features of
construction and arrangement, and in order that our invention may be clearly
ascertained we shall first describe in detail the mode in which we practice our
invention, and then point out its various features in the claim.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
specification in which the same parts are designated by like letters in all the
figures.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation partly in section of a saw set embodying our invention.
Fig. 2. is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3. represents a part of the same in front
elevation, preparatory to setting a saw tooth.
Fig. 4. is a perspective view corresponding to Fig. 3.
Fig. 5. is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing the tooth set.
Fig. 6. is an edge view of a self-planing saw having its teeth thus set.
Fig. 7. is a cross sectional view of part of the said saw.
Figs. 8. and 9. are plan and edge views respectively of the female die of the
said saw set.
Figs. 10. and 11. show a modification.
The form of our improved saw set thus illustrated is particularly designed for
setting the teeth of a self-planing saw the planing edges of which are straight
and extend the full length of the tooth as shown in Figs. 4, 6, and 7, but our
invention is adapted also to teeth having curved or partial planing edges.
In the present instance we have formed the female die of the saw set with, by
preference, two diametrically crossed grooves B, B1 and B2, B3, on the upper and
lower faces respectively, each groove having an inclined side B, and the inclined
sides B of the two grooves on each face sloping in opposite directions and the
upper and lower grooves B, B2, B1, B3 respectively being placed opposite each
cther, their inclined sides sloping in opposite directions, all as shown.
We make the reversible female die A, by preference, in the form of a circular
plate, and form it with a central aperture A¹ to receive a vertical pivot fixed on
the bed of the saw set so that the female die can be turned on said pivot or
reversed thereupon to bring either of the die grooves B, B1, B2, B³, into
correspondence with the male die D.
We fix the male die by preference on a die holder E, mounted to slide vertically,
vithout turning, in a rigid frame F, and arranged to be depressed by a cam-lever G
nd elevated by a spring H after a substantially common fashion, and we provide
or the adjustment of the downward throw of the male die by means of a set
Price 8d.

page_text: screw arranged as an adjustable stop on the frame to limit the downward thro v
of the cam-lever G.
We form the male die with a transverse groove K, having an inclined side K',
to register and co-operate with the inclined side B' of the radial end of either of
the female die grooves B, B1, B2, B3, and with a transverse shoulder K² parallel
with the groove K¹ to register and co-operate with the shoulder B at the upper
edge of each inclined side B*. We also by preference form the male die D, with
a lesser groove L, for a purpose hereinafter described; and we form the die D
with a squared shank M, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. to enter a socket M¹
formed in the die holder E, and arrange in the die holder E a set-screw N to
enter either of the holes N' in opposite sides of the shank, so that the die can be
reversed in the holder E to register with either of the reversely inclined grooves
in the female die A.
For locking the female die A in position with either of its top or bottom grooves
in position to co-operate with the male die, we prefer to form bolt holes in the
circular edge of the female die corresponding with the grooves therein as shown,
to receive a bolt O' mounted on a fixed spring 02.
In using this form of our saw set, the male and one of the corresponding female
dies are placed in correspondence as shown in Fig. 4, and the saw teeth, the edges
of alternate ones of which are previously bevelled or sharpened on the side opposite
to that to which they are to be set, are fed between the inale and female dies, the
first tooth to be set being placed with its bevelled planing edge projecting beyond
the shoulder B of the female die and so that its edge will lie directly beneath and
parallel with the lesser groove L in the male die D.
To stop the tooth exactly in the right position for setting as described, we may
provide a spring-gauge P as shown secured to and depending from the fixed
die-holder guide Q, to a position beneath the male die when elevated, so that it
will properly stop the edge of the tooth as shown and yet will be forced outward
laterally by and out of the way of the descending die D acting as a cam.
provide for adjusting the gauge P by means of a set-screw P¹ therein working
against the die-holder guide Q.
We
The groove L has one side running downwardly at a slight divergence from the
vertical, as indicated in Fig. 1. and less clearly in Figs. 3 and 5. This incline or
bevel is shown more distinctly in Figs. 10 and 11, in which that portion of the
male die beyond the groove L which does not operate to set the saw teeth is
shown extended downward to a greater degree than in Figs. 1 and 3, so as to
form a depending bevelled finger R. When the male die descends, the bevelled
side of the finger will come in contact with the edge of the saw tooth if the latter
is out of place, and by reason of the bevel on both the finger and the tooth, the
latter will be forced back until it registers exactly with the dies.
The male die being depressed, as shown in Fig. 1, the bevelled planing edge of
the tooth will be set by and between the inclined sides K' and B of the male and
female dies, and the lesser groove L, in the male die will clear and thus protect
the sharpened edge.
Alternate teeth being set on the same side can thus all be set without reversing
the dies; and then the intervening teeth set by reversing the saw and the dies
as described, the lemale die A being unbolted and turned on its pivot until its
succeeding groove is in position, when it will be automatically locked by the
spring-actuated bolt described.
By thus employing a number of grooves in the female die, its durability is
prolonged, as its constant shitting will bring its various grooves into play
successively.
In some cases we make the inclined side of the groove in the male die inclined
longitudinally to the horizontal plane, so that the outer part of the planing edge of
each tooth will be set outward slightly more than the inner part and thus marking
or grooving of the planed surfaces is prevented.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
CLAIMS.
1. In a saw set, the combination with a female die having a transverse groove.
formed with an inclined side, and a bottom parallel with the face of the die on
which the saw is supported, of a male die having an inclined face to fit the corre
sponding side of the female die groove and a groove L adjacent to the inclined
face, substantially as described.
2. In a saw set, the combination with a female die having a transverse groove.
formed with an inclined side and a bottom parallel with the face of the die ou
which the saw is supported, of a male die having an inclined face to fit the corre-
sponding side of the female die groove, and a groove L adjacent to said inclined
face, and a stop to bring the edge of the saw tooth in line with said groove L,
substantially as described.
3. The combination with the frame of the saw set, and the female die pivotted
thereon, having a plurality of radiating grooves with inclined sides, and formed
with corresponding bolt-holes of the male die having an inclined groove to engage
either of said female die grooves, and a pin to engage either of said bolt-holes
and secure the corresponding female die grooves in register with the male die
groove.
4. The combination with the female die formed with a plurality of grooves
having their sides inclined in opposite directions, of a male holder, a male die
having an inclined face to engage either of said female die grooves, and means for
reversing and locking said male in the die holder to suit either of the oppositely
inclined female die grooves.
5. In a saw set, a male die having a depending finger provided with a bevelled
side adapted to come in contact with the edge of the saw tooth when the die
descends, and operate to force the saw tooth into proper position to be acted
upon by the face of the die, substantially as described.
6. In a saw set, a pair of dies, having inclined faces to bend the saw tooth
away from the plane of the saw, and other faces adapted to bend back the
edge of the saw tooth to a position parallel with said plane, substantially as
described.
7. The method of setting a saw which consists in bending the body of the saw
tooth at an angle with the plane of the saw, and bending back the extreme edge
of the tooth to a position parallel with said plane, substantially as described.
8. The method of setting a saw which consists in bending the cutting edge of
the saw tooth at an angle with the plane of the saw.
Dated this 27th day of Anvil 1807
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23, Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents for Applicants.