Improvements in Machines for Distributing Insecticides, Artificial Manures, and for other like uses.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd July, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Distributing Insecticides, Artificial
Manures, and for other like uses.
1, JOHN MUNDAY, of Albrighton, near Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop,
Estate Steward, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the hereindescribed improvements in machines for
blowing powdered substances on and under the leaves of growing turnips and other
plants to protect them from the ravages of insects and particularly to protect
turnips from the turnip Hy and the caterpillar of the diamond-back moth and
this invention can be similarly used for distributing to growing plants either
artificial manures or other fertilizers or other substances either in a powdered or
granulated state.
A machine for the purposes described constructed according to this invention
comprises a hopper supported by the framework of the machine for containing the
insecticide or other substance to be blown as aforesaid. This hopper is carried
by the framework of the machine which is mounted on side land travelling wheels
which can be adjusted and fixed on their axle to suit various widths of ridges of the
turnips or other plants. Adjacent to the said hopper is a rotary fan driven by
chain gearing or otherwise from the said axle of the land travelling wheels of the
machine. This fan blows the insecticide or other substance from the outlet of the
hopper through tubes which are so arranged as to conduct the insecticide or other
substance which is being blown directly to the plants. These said tubes are
supported by slides on the said framework and they are furnished with two handles
which are connected to the framework and to the tubes so that the attendant who
walks behind the machine as it is drawn along the rows can move the tubes and
thus direct the blown substance where required. The said axle is or may be made
in two parts the ends of which meet near the centre of the machine where they are
enclosed by the main driving wheel of the fan gearing which wheel is connected to
the said axle by clutches or other like device furnished with a lever so that the
When the said
blowing can be caused to commence and stop when required.
clutches are in gear with the said driving wheel both halves of the axle and their
travelling wheels supply equal power and when out of gear both halves of the axle
are released and allowed to revolve in opposite directions if required as when the
machine is being turned round.
The machine above described can be drawn by one horse and needs only one
attendant.
T
1 11'
حيمد
1000
. CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Distributing Insecticides, Artificial
Manures, and for other like uses.
1, JOHN MUNDAY, of Albrighton, near Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop,
Estate Steward, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention consists in the hereindescribed improvements in machines for
blowing powdered substances on and under the leaves of growing turnips and

page_text: other plants to protect them from the ravages of insects and particularly to protect
turnips from the turnip fly and the caterpillar of the diamond-back moth and this
invention can be similarly used for distributing to growing plants either artificial
manures or other fertilizers or other substances either in a powdered or granulated
state.
I will describe my invention by referring to the accompanying drawings on which
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a machine for distributing insecticides
artificial manures and for other like uses constructed according to this invention;
Fig. 2 is a back elevation and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of the same; Fig. 4 shews
in side and end elevation and in plan a windguard for use with the said machine in
windy weather.
A machine for the purposes described constructed according to this invention
comprises a hopper A supported by the framework B of the machine for containing
the insecticide or other powdered or granulated substance to be blown as aforesaid.
This hopper is carried by the framework B of the machine which is mounted on
two side land travelling wheels C₁ C2 which can be adjusted and fixed by the set
screws c on their axle Di D² to suit various widths of ridges of the turnips or other
plants. The framework B has shafts B2 B so as to be drawn by a horse. The
axle D' D is carried by bearings d¹ d² d³ d fixed to the underside of the machine
frame B and is by preference made in two parts marked respectively D¹ D² the
ends of which meet near the centre of the machine (see Figs. 2 and 3) where they
are enclosed by the main driving wheel E of the gearing for driving a fan F
(hereinafter described) which wheel E is mounted loose upon the divided axle and
is connected to the halves D' D2 of the axle by the clutches G G which are free
to slide upon feathers on the halves D' D2 respectively of the axle as shewn.
His a lever engaging with the clutch G and jointed to the machine frame at h
and furnished with a handle 2 and H2 is another lever engaging with the clutch G²
and jointed at ³ to the machine frame and connected to the lever H by the
link so that by moving the handle end of the lever Hin one or the other
direction both clutches Ğ G will be thrown in or out of gear with the fan driving
wheel E simultaneously so the blowing can be caused to commence or stop when
required.
When the clutches G1 G2 are both in gear with the driving wheel E as shewn in
Figs. 2 and 3 both halves DD of the axle and their travelling wheels CC supply
equal power and when the clutches G1 G2 are out of gear both halves of the axle
are released and allowed to revolve in opposite directions if required as when the
machine is being turned round. The clutches G1 G2 are kept in gear by the coiled
springs so that when the machine is travelling along in a curved direction and
one of the wheels C1 C2 is going faster than the other, the spring will allow of that
clutch which is revolving slower being forced out of gear by the teeth of the more
quickly moving clutch of the driving wheel E. When the lever H is moved so as
to throw the clutches out of gear the lever H' engages in the notch and thus
holds the clutches in that position. The rotary fan above referred to is fixed to
the framework B of the machine adjacent to the hopper A and the fan F is driven
by chain gearing or otherwise from the driving wheel E on the axle D' D. The
arrangement of chain gearing shewn on my drawings for driving the fan F is as
follows: The driving wheel E drives the smaller pinion K mounted on the shaft k
and on this shaft & there is fixed another large chain wheel L which drives the
smaller pinion M mounted on the counter shaft m on which is also fixed the larger
chain wheel N which latter drives the smaller pinion O fixed on the counter shaft o.
All these shafts revolve in bearings fixed to the frame B or to brackets fixed
thereto. Mounted on the shaft o is a pulley P which by a belt drives the shaft f
of the fan F. Thus the necessary quick speed of the fan shaft is obtained.
The base of the hopper A. fits in a casting A2 the lower part of which is semi-
circular (see Fig. 1) and in this semi-circular part there is a slowly revolving feed
roll Qdriven by the chain q' from the wheel 2 on the shaft k or other device as
used in machines for distributing seeds etc. and in the bottom of this casting A³ is

page_text: an outlet a through which the insecticide or other substance in the hopper A³ is
slowly delivered, the size of this outlet being regulated by the slide furnished
with a screwed spindle and a nut outside the casting A The casting A' fits
on to a lower hollow casting S which is bolted to the frame B and is also connected
to the outlet from the fan. There are two outlets s¹s from the casting S and the
latter is divided by a central upright partition (see Fig. 1) so that the blast from
the fan F is divided and the blown substance passes equally through each of the
outlets. As the machine is drawn along the ground the fan blows the
insecticide or other substance from the outlet of the hopper through the outlets s¹³
and through the tubes T' T' which are connected thereto and are so arranged as to
conduct the insecticide or other substance which is being blown directly to the
plants. These tubes T' T are furnished with two lever handles U¹ U which
at uu are connected to the framework B and at u² u² are connected to the
tubes T T and the lever handles U U and tubes T¹ T2 are supported by the
slides VV fixed on the frame work, each lever handle having a swivelling
piece fixed thereto and engaging with and free to move along the slides.
By means of the handles U₁ U the tubes T T can be moved either nearer
together or farther apart and in order to allow of this movement the tubes T' T’
are made flexible in parts and adjustable. This I prefer to do as shewn in Figs. 1
and 2 where it will be seen that each of the tubes T T consists of a short straight
light metal tube which by an indiarubber or other flexible tube is fixed to the
corresponding outlet s s² from the bottom casting S thus forming universal joints
att. Each of these tubes 2 fits telescopically into another tube 3 which by a joint (*
(similar to the joint t¹) is fixed to an obtuse angle bend pipe to fixed to the handle.
The lower downwardly projecting outlet of this bend pipe t is by another flexible
joint to (like the joint ) connected to the downwardly projecting pipe to and when
the machine is used for blowing insecticides or other powdered or granulated
substances on to very small plants, as for instance young turnip plants to protect
them against the turnip fly, then each of these pipes tt has a flattened nozzle at
the bottom end through which the said substance is blown directly on to the young
plants. These nozzle ends are by preference made with tubular shanks to fitting
telescopically on the tubes to and secured by a clamping screw t or by other means
so that the height of the nozzles 7 above the plants can be adjusted as may be
required. The attendant who walks behind the machine as it is drawn along the
rows generally holds the lever handles U₁ U2 and by them moves the tubes T¹ T² so
as to direct the blown substance directly on to the rows of plants. The flexible
joints to permit of the lower part of the tubes T¹ T' turning aside or backwardly in
the event of the nozzles meeting an obstruction.
In order to prevent the powder blowing off the ridges as it issues from the
nozzles t' and particularly in windy weather, I may use an attachment on each of
the two tubes 18 as shewn by Figure 4. This attachment consists of a clamp made
in halves and marked respectively w w² and secured together on the tube 3 by the
clamping screws w¹ w². To each of these halves w¹ w² is fixed a piece of canvas or
other suitable material marked respectively w³ w just long enough to touch the
ground and at the sides of the ridges. These pieces of canvas can very conveniently
be fixed to the halves w¹w by the strips whinged at one end thereto and
secured at the other end by the screws ww.
I would have it understood that I am aware that prior to my said invention
machines have been made for blowing powdered or granulated substances on to the
ground or on to growing plants by an air blast obtained from a fan operated by the
travelling wheels of the machine."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. In a machine for carrying and blowing insecticides or other powdered or
granulated substances on to rows of growing plants and in combination with a rotary

page_text: fan operated by the travelling wheels and blowing the said substance as it issues
from a hopper, the use of two adjustable pipes leading the blown substance down-
wardly directly to the plants with means for supporting the said pipes and for
adjusting them laterally as the machine is moving along so as to direct the 'blown
substance in lines corresponding with the rows of plants substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a machine furnished with the two delivery pipes and otherwise constructed
as denoted by Claim 1, the construction of the casting S at the bottom of the hopper
receiving the air blast from the fan and the substance from the hopper and made with
two outlets s² adapted to receive the delivery pipes and made with a central
vertical partitions arranged to divide the air blast and cause the substance from
the hopper to be blown equally through both outlets substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a machine by which insecticides or other substances are blown on to rows
of growing plants by a rotary fan driven from the axle of the two travelling wheels
of the machine, the combination of the divided axle D' D², fan driving wheel such
as E mounted loosely upon the meeting ends of the two parts of the divided axle,
spring clutches such as G1 G2 mounted to revolve with the divided axle and to
engage with clutches on the driving wheel so as to transmit rotary motion and
power from each part D1 D2 of the divided axle and allow of one part of the
divided axle revolving faster than the other part or in the opposite direction thereto,
and means for throwing both clutches out of gear with the driving wheel when
required to stop the blowing while the machine is moving along, substantially as
⚫hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
4. The improved machine for delivering in rows along the ground powdered or
granulated substances substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings, irrespective of the particular kind of gearing employed
for transmitting rotary motion and power to the fan from the divided axle of the
travelling wheels of the machine.
Dated this 21st day of July 1892.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.