An Improved Explosion Engine.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1898-Accepted, 8th Oct., 1898
An Improved Explosion Engine.
We, RAPHAEL FENELON ODILE CHAUVIN and RENE ARNOUX, both of 186, Rue
Championnet, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved explosion-engine for working with gas
or petroleum, characterized by its exhaust-apertures, an automatic speed-regulator,
and its igniting apparatus. Moreover, we have so designed the various parts of
our motor that they can be made in the lathe, thus facilitating the construction
of the motor.
Our invention will be readily understood from the following description, reference
being had to the accompanying specimen drawing, in which
Figure 1 shows our improved motor in longitudinal section on the line A—B,
Figure 3.
Figure 2 shows the said motor in transverse section on the line C-D, Figure 1,
and
Figure 3 represents the same in horizontal section.
In these figures, like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
As shown in this drawing, our improved motor comprises a cylinder a pro-
vided at one end with a spring-valve b opening inwardly. This valve serves for
controlling the admission of the explosive mixture, which is directed towards
the igniter, on its entrance into the cylinder, by means of a disc c attached to
the said valve b. The cylinder a is preferably constructed in the form of a
tube screwed at one end into the casting in which the seat for the valve bis
formed, and screwed at the other end into a casing k hereinafter more fully referred
to.
Near the disc c is arranged the igniter d, consisting of a metallic tube coiled
into a spiral and either connected with a suitable source of electricity or heated
by a burner. This arrangement only operates at the moment of starting, since
after a few turns of the motor-shaft, the ignition of the explosive mixture becomes
spontaneous, as in a pneumatic tinder-box, by the compression and by contact
with the walls of the compression-chamber which are heated by the explosions in
the motor.
In the interior of the cylinder is the piston e, which is hollow and within which
the connecting-rod f is journalled at g. The piston is provided with suitable
packing hand with exhaust-apertures i formed in an external groove i¹.
The apertures i, in the middle of the travel or stroke of the piston, open into
grooves or passages j formed in the interior of the cylinder, either circumferentially
or helically.
At the opposite end to the admission-valve, the cylinder is mounted in a casing k
serving as a silencer, in which two paired fly-wheels turn under the action
of the connecting-rod f. For this purpose, the said connecting-rod is coupled
at m to one of the spokes of the fly-wheels so that this combination of parts at

page_text: the same time forms a crank. The casing k, just mentioned receives the exhaust-
gases, which pass out through a spring valve n, Figure 3, automatic regulation
of the speed of the motor being thus obtained as hereinafter described. This
valve and its casing are provided with apertures n¹ and n¹¹ and with an air-cock n'
for regulation.
The exhaust-gases received into the chamber k, situated at the front of the
piston e, set up a back pressure the amount whereof depends on the rapidity of
It is
the escape of the said gases from the chamber through the valve n.
evident, that, as the speed of the piston e increases, while travelling in the direction
of the arrow, (Fig. 1), the exhaust gases of the previous charge will not be able
to escape sufficiently rapidly by the valve n, and the speed of the engine will
thus be retarded or regulated.
The cock controls the air-cushion of the valve and can therefore be adjusted
so that the valve will be lifted by a predetermined pressure. The said valve can
rise sufficiently to prevent excessive escape of the waste products through the
orifices n¹ and n".
The fly-wheels are keyed upon shafts o respectively, in such a manner as
to enable the connecting-rod f to pass between them.
It is now easy to follow the very simple operation of our improved motor. In
the first phase, which we will suppose to be the driving phase, the piston driven
by the explosion of the mixture soon reaches the point at which the ring or
circular series of apertures à register with the grooves j, when the exhaust of
part of the exploded gases takes place, in such a manner as to allow those which
still remain in the cylinder to put themselves in equilibrium with the atmo-
spheric pressure; but at an instant after, the position where the said apertures
register with the grooves j, being passed, the drawing-in of fresh explosive gas
takes place through the admission-valve up to the moment when the piston reaches
the end of its travel; this is the drawing-in phase. Afterwards, by virtue of the
energy stored in the fly-wheels, the piston returns, compressing between it and the
end or the cylinder two bodies or layers of gas, one, the exploded gases, in contact
with the piston and the other, the fresh gas in contact with the end of the cylinder.
As soon as the apertures i in the piston again register with the grooves j, the part
of the exploded gases in direct contact with the said piston is expelled by virtue
of the compression existing at this moment; afterwards the piston, passing this
position, of the aperture, compresses the mixture afresh until the point where a
fresh explosion gives place to a new cycle identical with that above indicated, and
so on.
It is obvious that the form, details, accessories, materials and dimensions of
our improved motor can be varied without departing from the nature of our said
invention. Thus, for example, our motor can be made with several identical
cylinders secured together at any suitable angles to each other and actuating the
same shaft.
We, RAPHAEL FENELON ODILE CHAUVIN and RENE ARNOUX, both of 186, Rue
Championnet, Paris, in the Republic of France. Engineers, do hereby declare the 50

page_text: It is now easy to follow the very simple operation of our improved motor. In
the first phase, which we will suppose to be the driving phase, the piston driven
by the explosion of the mixture soon reaches the point at which the ring or
circular series of apertures i register with the grooves j, when the exhaust of
part of the exploded gases takes place, in such a manner as to allow those which
still remain in the cylinder to put themselves in equilibrium with the atmo-
spheric pressure; but at an instant after, the position where the said apertures
register with the grooves j, being passed, the drawing-in of fresh explosive gas
takes place through the admission-valve up to the moment when the piston reaches
the end of its travel; this is the drawing-in phase. Afterwards, by virtue of the
energy stored in the fly-wheels, the piston returns, compressing between it and the
end of the cylinder two bodies or layers of gas, one, the exploded gases, in contact
with the piston and the other, the fresh gas in contact with the end of the cylinder.
As soon as the apertures in the piston again register with the grooves j, the part
of the exploded gases in direct contact with the said piston is expelled by virtue
of the compression existing at this moment; afterwards the piston, passing this
position of the aperture, compresses the mixture afresh until the point where a
fresh explosion gives place to a new cycle identical with that above indicated, and
So on.
It is obvious that the form, details, accessories, materials and dimensions of
our improved motor can be varied without departing from the nature of our said
invention. Thus, for example, our motor can be made with several identical
eylinders secured together at any suitable angles to each other and actuating the
same shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. A gas or petroleum motor wherein a tube forming the cylinder has screwed
upon it at one end the seat of a valve serving for the entrance of the explosive
mixture into the cylinder and provided with a diffusing disc, and at the other
end a box in which are twin fly-wheels coupled to the piston, substantially as
described and for the purposes specified.
2. A gas or petroleum motor wherein the cylinder is provided in the interior
with grooves into which open apertures formed in the piston, the said grooves
and apertures, when the piston uncovers the said grooves, serving for the passage
of the products of combustion, which flow through a fly-wheel box or casing
forming a silencer, before escaping through a spring-valve in the said box or
casing, substantially as described.
3. The improved gas or petroleum motor constructed substantially as described
with reference to the drawing, for the purposes specified.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1898.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 and 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to an improved explosion-engine for working with gas
or petroleum, characterized by its exhaust apertures, an automatic speed-regulator
and its igniting apparatus. Moreover we have so designed the various parts of
our motor that they can be made in the lathe thus facilitating the construction
of the motor.
Our invention will be readily understood from the following description, reference
being had to the drawing filed with our Provisional Specification, in which,
Figure 1 shows our improved motor in longitudinal section on the line A-B,
Figure 3.
Figure 2 shows the said motor in transverse section on the line C-D, Figure 1,
Figure 3 represents the same in horizontal section.
In these figures, like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
As shown in this drawing, our improved motor comprises a cylinder a pro-
vided at one end with a spring-valve b opening inwardly. This valve serves for
controlling the admission of the explosive mixture, which is directed towards
the igniter, on its entrance into the cylinder, by means of a disc c attached to
the said valve b. The cylinder a is preferably constructed in the form of a
tube screwed at one end into the casting in which the seat for the valve bis
formed, and screwed at the other end into a casing hereinafter more fully referred
to.
Near the disc c is arranged the igniter d, consisting of a metallic tube coiled
into a spiral and either connected with a suitable source of electricity or heated
by a burner.
This arrangement only operates at the moment of starting, since
after a few turns of the motor-shaft, the ignition of the explosive mixture becomes
spontaneous, as in a pneumatic tinder-box by the compression and by contact
with the walls of the compression-chamber which are heated by the explosions in
the motor:
In the interior of the cylinder is the piston e which is hollow and within which
the connecting-rod f is journalled at 9. The piston is provided with suitable
packing and with exhaust-apertures i formed in an external groove i¹.
The apertures i, in the middle of the travel or stroke of the piston, open into
grooves or passages ; formed in the interior of the cylinder which grooves may
be either straight or helical.
At the opposite end to the admission-valve, the cylinder is mounted in a casing k
serving as a silencer, in which two paired fly-wheels turn under the action
of the connecting-rod f. For this purpose, the said connecting-rod is coupled
at m to one of the spokes of the fly-wheels so that this combination of parts at
the same time forms a crank. The casing k, just mentioned receives the exhaust-
gases, which pass out through a spring valve n, Figure 3, automatic regulation
of the speed of the motor being obtained as hereinafter described. This
valve and its casing are provided with apertures n' and n¹¹ and with an air-cock nu
for regulation.
The exhaust-gases received into the chamber k, situated at the front of the
piston e, set up a back pressure the amount whereof depends on the rapidity of
the escape of the said gases from the chamber k through the valve n. It is
evident, that, as the speed of the piston e increases, while travelling in the direction
of the arrow, (Figure 1), the exhaust gases of the previous charge will not be able
to escape sufficiently rapidly by the valve n, the speed of the engine will thus be
retarded or regulated.
The cock n controls the air-cushion of the valve and can therefore be adjusted
so that the valve will be lifted by a predetermined pressure. The said valve can
rise sufficiently to prevent excessive escape of the waste products through the
orifices n' and n".
The fly-wheels are keyed upon shafts o respectively, in such a manner as
to enable the connecting-rod f to pass between them.
'