IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO FACILITATE THE PRINTING OF YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Whytock, of Edinburgh, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO FACILITATE THE PRINTING OF YARNS OR
THREADS."
Sealed the 8th August 1856, and dated the 12th May 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Whytock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th May 1856.
I, RICHARD WHYTOCK, of Edinburgh, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO FACILITATE THE PRINTING OF
YARNS OR THREADS," to be as follows:-
In my original Patent for producing figured fabrics by the use of printed
yarns, hanks were formed-on cylinders, and remained on the same till printed.
Now, although this was so good a contrivance that it has never been super-
seded, yet there are certain difficulties which it is desirable to remove. The
first is that the length of pattern is limited by the size of the cylinder;
thus, a cylinder six yards round only extends figures in velvet pilé to forty
inches. Hence, recourse has been had to cylinders nine yards and eleven
yards in' circumference; but this is still not enough, although beyond this they
are scarcely manageable. Attempts have been made to get over this by using
two cylinders placed at a distance asunder, but no practical means have been
devised for covering them with yarns.

page_text: Now, my improvements are to take two cylinders, or, in preference, two
open reels, and to place them opposite to each other; these are held together
by connecting bars of wood or other suitable material, so that they can be
lifted about from place to place. These reels are covered with a continuous
coating of yarn or threads laid in as regular order as the threads or yarns on
a cylinder are, and this is effected by the following process:-The reels or
cylinders are each placed between two wheels of rather larger diameter than
the reels. Endless bands connect those wheels, that is, one fore wheel and
one hind wheel, so that the two endless bands run parallel to each other.
Upon those parallel bands a light carriage is fixed, which conveys the bobbins
containing the threads or yarns with which the reels or cylinders are to be
covered. The bobbins are passed above the recls or cylinders and then under
the reels or cylinders, until so many coils of threads are placed in regular
order, embracing both reels.
both reels. It is a motion directly the reverse of that used
in covering the cylinders, for while the cylinder revolves on its centre the
bank with the bobbins is stationary. Here the reels remain passive, and the
bank with the bobbins revolves round them. The change in the distance of
the reels or cylinders from each other regulates the size or length of the coil.
These coils may be removed from the reels, and printed on tables or under
cylinders for such patterns as are termed turned-over patterns; but it is
proposed to print the coils before removal of the yarn by means of my Patent
printing machine with traversing pullies, so that all kinds of patterns can be
produced as by the cylinders, and with greater advantage.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Whytock in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
WHYTOCK, of Edinburgh, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Whytock, Her special licence that I, the said Richard Whytock, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Whytock, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO
FACILITATE THE PRINTING OF YARNS OR THREADS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Richard Whytock, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention;
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Whytock, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
According to the method usually practised for producing figured fabrics by
the use of printed yarns, banks are formed on cylinders, and remain on the
same till printed. Now there are certain difficulties in this process which it
is desirable to remove: The first is that the length of pattern is limited by
the size of the cylinder; thus, a cylinder six yards round only extends figures
in velvet pile to forty inches. Hence, recourse has been had to cylinders nine
yards and eleven yards in circumference, but this is still not enough, although
beyond this they are scarcely manageable. Attempts have been made to get
over this by using two cylinders placed at a distance asunder; but no practical
means have been devised for covering them with yarns.
Now, my improvements are to take two cylinders, or, in preference, two open
reels, and to place them opposite to each other; these are held together by
connecting bars of wood or other suitable material, so that they can be lifted
about from place to place. These reels are covered with a continuous coating
of yarn or threads laid in as regular order as the threads or yarns on a
cylinder are, and this is effected by the following process:-The reels or
cylinders are each placed between two wheels of rather larger diameter than
the reels. Endless bands connect those wheels, that is, one fore wheel and
one hind wheel, so that the two endless bands run parallel to each other.
Upon those parallel bands a light carriage is fixed, which conveys the bobbings
containing the threads or yarns with which the reels or cylinders are to be
covered. The bobbins are passed above the reels or cylinders and then under
the reels or cylinders, until so many coils of threads are placed in regular
order, embracing both reels. It is a motion directly the reverse of that used
in covering the cylinders, for while the cylinder revolves on its centre the

page_text: hank with the bobbins revolves round them. The change in the distance
of the reels or cylinders from each other regulates the size or length of the
coil. These coils may be removed from the reels and printed on tables or
under cylinders for such patterns as are termed turned-over patterns; but it is.
proposed to print the coils before removal of the yarn by means of my Patent:
printing machine with traversing-pullies, so that all kinds of patterns can be
produced as by the cylinders, and with greater advantage.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION, OF THE DRAWING..
Figure 1 is a plan, Figure 2 a side view, and Figure 3 an end view, of
an apparatus for winding yarn to facilitate the printing-thereof, and arranged
according to my Invention. a, a, is a wooden frame, which carries four
metal studs'b, b, on which the pulleys or drums c, c, c', c', revolve. Connected with
the pulleys
or drums c, c, are chain wheels-d, d, which are driven by chains
passing over them and over the chain wheels e, e, which are keyed on the
áxis f, to which motion is given by hand or otherwise. Over the pulleys or
drums c, c, c', c', pass bands g, g, to which are fixed transverse bars.h, h.. i, i, are
metal plates, attached at each end to the bars h, h, coupling them together.
Of the plates i, i, every alternate one is fixed to the transverse bars, while the
other plates are free to slide on the said bars: k, k, are bobbins, which
contain the yarn which is to be wound for printing; the axes of these bobbins
pass through holes in the plates i; and I, 1, are bands of vulcanized. india
rubber which hold these plates together, so as to support the bobbins, and
prevent them turning too-freely; mand n are two other bars, also carried by
the bands g, g, the bar m having small bearings. o, o,on the straps, in which
it can turn freely; p (Figure 3) is a metal tube; which slides on the bar.m,
and carries the guides' p, p, through which the yarns from the bobbin's k;k,
pass. The tube P is attached at one end to a screw. nut.q, from which an
arm extends to the bar n-to prevent-the-nut-turning, but not so as to hinder
it from travelling longitudinally on the bar m, on which a screw is formed
which works with the nut-q. is a small pulley, keyed on the barn, which
pulley when the machine is in action at each revolution comes in. contact with
the fixed-springs, and is-thereby-caused partially to revolve; and so to traverse
the guides p, p, t, t, are the reels over which the yarns are wound; they
are temporarily fixed-by the pins to the bars v, in which are notches to fit

page_text: the cross pieces a¹, a', of the framing which support these bars. Thus it will
be seen that when the machine is in motion the bobbins k, k, containing the
yarn pass over and around the reels t, t, and wind the yarn evenly on to them.
When the reels t, t, are covered with yarn they are removed from the machine
together with the stretchers or bars v, and they are so carried to the printing
machine, where axes are placed through the centres of the reels, and then the
stretchers are removed, and the printing is effected in a manner similar to
that now usually employed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Whytock, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
WM MCCRIE, J.P.,
of Leith Walk, Edinburgh,
Paper Stainer.
RICHP WHYTOCK. (L.B.)