Improvements in and relating to the Shuttle and Shuttle Bobbins or Spools of Looms of any kind.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 20th May, 1899
Improvements in and relating to the Shuttle and Shuttle Bobbins or
Spools of Looms of any kind.
A communication from CAMIELE BRUN and GUSTAVE BRUN, of 19, Rue Cambon,
Paris, in the Republic of France, Ribbon Manufacturers.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of Fell and James, 1, Queen Victoria Street, in the City
of London, EC., Chartered Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
:-
This invention relates to the shuttles and shuttle hobbins of looms of any kind
and consists in an improved system of winding the spool or bobbin of the shuttle
and of improved operative parts in and connected with the said shuttle and lay
of the loom whereby the stoppage of the loom having one or more shuttles, and
the replacement of a full threaded shuttle for an empty shuttle is effected before
the complete emptying of the thread cop or spool of the shuttle, the transfer being
effected at the end only of any shoot of the weft thread.
The improved system therefore depends essentially upon the principle of the
incomplete unwinding of the weft thread in the shuttle, during work, and upon
the consequent resulting movement set into operation by the unwinding of the
thread from the shuttle spool or cop before the latter is completely unwound as
will be hereinafter more fully described.
This system of control is quite independent of the control of the usual weft-
fork, which acts in the well known manner upon any accidental breaking of the
weft thread.
.
One of the greatest advantages of this system is the avoidance of partly missing
or short weft threads in the fabric.
It is well known that when the usual weft fork stops the loom by reason of
the complete unwinding of the shuttle thread, the end of the last shoot thread
stops in the middle or body of the fabric that is, leaves an incomplete shoot
necessitating a repair or artificially knotted or added thread to complete the
shoot, which in fine fabrics is a serious disadvantage, and is in all cases a cause
of loss of time.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, a practical applica-
tion of the same to the lay of any loom is illustrated herewith, and will now be
particularly described.
Figs. 1 to 4 show the shuttle and internal mechanism in full size.
Figs. 5 & 6 show the shuttle associated operative mechanism applied to the
lay of a loom on a smaller scale.
Fig. 1 shows in side elevation a bobbin or cop F in wood, cardboard, or other
material detached, which has the peculiarity of a longitudinal slot f pierced for
a certain length from the spindle hole through the body of the cop. Fig. 1ª is
an end view of the base of the said cop showing a small hole in the said
base to receive a pin or tongue t fixed upon the butt E of the cop spindle B
(Figs. 2 and 2) which has for its object the holding of the cop F in an unturn-
able position upon the spindle B during weaving.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the spindle B mounted on a butt or base E. The
spindle is furnished with a small lateral spring of suitable form fixed at its
upper end to the spindle, and free at its lower extremity towards the butt or base
of the spindle, playing outwards through the slot f in the cop.
Fig. 2 represents an under view of the said spindle.
The essential idea of this improved system is the special winding of the shuttle
cop or spool F with the first spirals of weft thread from a to a¹ only (Fig. 4).
These first layers or spirals of thread have a length equivalent say to three
shoots of the fabric and afterwards the winding of the cop becomes normal
from S to S¹ that is from top to bottom of the cop F as is usual (Fig. 3) con-
fining the spring 6 of the cop tightly in its slot f by the surrounding thread.
The cop 1 thus specially wound is placed upon the spindle B in a definite and
fixed position by the engagement of the pin or tongue in the hole o and the
spindle B is placed in position as in Figs. 3 & 4 in the shuttle.
The weft thread unwinds itself in the usual way until nearly the end of the
thread and the spring presses outwards from the slot f of the cop, so soon
as the thread is unwound from the base of the cop leaving only the first wound
layers of thread between a and a¹.
At this moment the spring is completely free, as in Fig. 4, and presses down
the end of the flat tongue spring L situated in front of it upon the interior of
the shuttle.
The outer free end of this spring L is furnished with a pin passing through
a corresponding hole in the side of the shuttle and projects upon the side outside
the shuttle.
On the other hand whilst the cop F is completely covered with the thread the
spring is kept in the slot of the cop, and has no action upon the spring L which
in that case keeps the pin at its point within the shuttle, as in Fig. 3.
The Figs. 5 & 6 show in elevation and plan the lay of any ordinary loom with
a shuttle in situ and the novel control appliances of this invention added thereto.
In the interior of the shuttle box at the side of the breast beam a lever A is
fitted pivotting about an axis A¹ presenting at its free extremity an inclined plane
or wedge face
By means of a trunnion traversing a vertical slot in the check of the beam
this lever A is connected to a vertical connecting rod M, this latter being pivotted
on a counter weighted lever P pivotted at upon the driver.
During normal weaving, that is to say whilst the first part of the weft thread
is unwinding, from the shuttle cop, and until the liberation of the spring the lay
passes clear above the tappet Q.
So soon as the spring is liberated from the cop Fit pushes the stop pin 7
beyond the shuttle. The weaving continues until the return of the shuttle to
its box when the pin / mounts upon the inclined face of the lever A and depresses
it finally resting in the recess
The lever by its depression pushes the rod M downwards and throws the
end of the lever P below the lower edge of the driver so as to strike the tappet Q.
The consequent movement upon the tappet Q may be utilized in any convenient 4
manner either to stop the loon, or to put in action known mechanism for the
replacement of a full shuttle for the nearly empty one either in a loom of one
or many shuttles.
It is obvious that the usual weft fork operating by an accidentally broken thread
is not interfered with, and that the results of this system of control are obtained 5
before the complete exhaustion of the weft thread and the replacement of a full
shuttle is always after completion of a shoot avoiding short & partial shoots and
the loss of time and damage to fine work resulting from such short or missing
shoots resulting from the running out of the weft thread from the shuttle.
It is obvious also that this improved system of control is applicable to all sorts 5
and types of looms and for the weaving of any material.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1st. The mode or system of shuttle, spool or cop winding of the weft thread
in which the first winding is over a partial length of the cop, and the later wind-
ings over the whole length, for any loom, whereby a mechanical indication is
given during weaving before the complete unwinding of the weft thread from
the said shuttle, spool, or cop, with the object of preventing short or missing
shoots and of knots or repairs therefor and the loss of time in rectifying the
same, substantially as described.
2nd. The combination of a slotted shutile spool or cop F wound as claimed in
Claim 1 with a cop spindle B provided with a spring and with mechanism
L, A, M, P, affixed to the shuttle and lay, and a tappet Q whereby the spring of
the spindle B controls or determines before the complete unwinding of the shuttle
cop, the stoppage of the loom, or the replacement of a full shuttle, for the shuttle
nearly emptied, substantially as described.
3rd. The combination with a shuttle, cop or spool, wound as claimed in Claim 1,
with any mechanical or equivalent means for indicating the partially complete
unwinding of the shuttle, cop, or spool, and for transferring that indication to the
control of a loom or the renewal of the shuttle, substantially as described.
Dated this 10th day of January 1899.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.