An improved Tuyere for Forges.
Year: 1897

page_text: An improved Tuyere for Forges.
We LOUIS BILLETT of Number 115 Bourke Street Sydney in the Colony of New
South Wales Blacksmith and FREDERIC ROBISON COWTER of Post Office Chambers
Number 114A Pitt Street Sydney aforesaid Solicitor do hereby declare the nature of
our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed to supply an improved tuyère by means whereof the air
current is; conveyed to the fuel in forge fires in a heated state and the metal raised to
the desired temperature in less than the usual time and with a less consumption of
fuel than is required by, the systems of forging generally in use. It also aims at
turning out metal, free from the black spots caused by the use of a water
tuyère.
The tuyères attached to forges have been hitherto affixed to the walls of the forge
and it has always been necessary to employ a water jacket to prevent a burning of
the parts. In the form of tuyère used by us we do away with the necessity of a
water jacket and avoid the consequent cooling of the air current by providing for the
cooling of the exposed portions of the tuyère whilst heating the air currents as herein-
after described. Further the tuyères now in use are at all times liable to have the
mouth thereof choked by ashes sand clinkers &c. When such a choking does occur
the workman must break up the fire before the obstructing material can be removed
thus allowing a large percentage of heat to escape without being utilized and it also
becomes necessary for him to use water for the purpose of consolidating the disturbed
fuel: In our invention owing to the employment by us of an agitator in the tuyère
mouth there is no liability of any choking and in addition we provide a simple and
cleanly method of getting rid of the ashes sand clinkers &c. without in any way
disturbing the forge fire. Moreover in forges which are fitted with our tuyères very.
much larger pieces of metal of any shape may be treated and this in any part of the
fire whereas formerly the metal could not be operated upon unless placed near the
wall of the forge.
We achieve our object by the use of an air chamber affixed underneath the forge
floor and connected to any compressed air supply and provided with a mouth or
orifice, which is placed in the floor of the forge and over which a fire is built. By this
means we obtain a discharge of the air currents into the fuel in such manner as
secures such spread of the fire as may be desired. Inside this chamber and immediately
inside the mouth thereof is fitted a moveable combined air director and agitator which
directs the air current in any desired direction as well as keeping the mouth of the
tuyère clear of melted sand iron clinkers or other impediments. This air director and
agitator is worked by a spindle from the outside of the forge. In the bottom of the
air chamber is fitted a slide also worked from the outside. This slide receives all the
obstructions cleared, by the agitator from the mouth of the .tuyère and the act of
pulling the same out throws the accumulated ashes sand clinkers &c. on to an inclined
plate or other suitable surface fitted underneath the chamber whilst this plate in 'its
turn throws such waste material on to the ground.
In the accompanying drawings wherein similar letters refer to similar parts.
Figure 1 shews the tuvère in plan looking down.

page_text: Figure 2 shews the tuyère in internal plan looking up.
Figure 3 shews the tuyère in cross section on lines A¹ A¹.
Figure 4 shews the tuyère in longitudinal section on lines B. B.
In the drawings A is a closed chamber connected to any bellows fan or other com-
pressed air supply by the pipe or tube D. The air entering this chamber is heated by
contact with and radiation from its surfaces especially from its dome or top and
passes out through the mouth F keeping both the dome and its mouth below a
temperature destructive to the material of which the chamber is built. The air is
allowed to pass through the mouth in a direct manner on both sides of the air
director B or is diverted more or less by altering the position thereof as may be
required. This air director B is in form a triangular prism with rounded corners the
apex whereof is within and on a level with the lips of the mouth F. The alteration
of the position of the air director is effected by means of the spindle I which is
affixed to and carries the same and rests in the walls of the air chamber through
which it passes. This spindle is held in position if desired by means of ordinary
collars. Further the spindle projects beyond the. forge bed and is operated by turning
it. In addition to directing the air current the director B is also used as an Agitator
and cleaner or extractor of the ashes sand clinkers &c. as they accumulate in the bed
of the fire immediately adjacent to the tuyère mouth the turning of the spindle
resulting in the disturbance of the accumulated ashes sand clinkers &c. with their
consequent discharge into the air chamber A. These ashes sand clinkers &c. are
periodically removed by pulling out the slide C'by means of a rod J which is coupled
to it and projects through the forge bed. The slide C runs in grooves formed on three
sides by folded strips G fastened to the botton flanges of the chamber A by screws H
or in any convenient manner.
The slide C has a projection or lip in front to close the aperture through which it
moves and to provide for the coupling of the rod J whilst the back of the slide has a
small shoulder or moveable screw to prevent its being drawn out too far. On with-
drawing,the slide C the ashes sand clinkers &c. fall out of the air chamber A on to
any inclined plate or other suitable surface whence they fall to the ground.
From its position which may be in any part of the forge floor the tuyère mouth
being in the least hot portion of the forge fire is not so liable to burning as those
which are in ordinary use. The position of our tuyère mouth also gives free access
to all parts of the fire than was hitherto obtainable. Again in our tuyère we secure
a perfectly live flame round the metal treated in as much as the air currents coming
from under the bed of the fire remove a large proportion of the finer waste incom-
bustible matter from the vital part of the fire whilst the coarser portions are cleared
away by the agitator as already shewn.
Our tuyère may be of any size and shape and may be made of any material that
will resist the action of fire and is non-porous but we prefer the form shown in the
drawings. The air chamber and director and agitator are constructed of cast iron
whilst wrought iron is used for the other parts though any suitable material may be
used.
The tuyère may be supported or carried in any manner that may best suit the
forge to which it is fitted or it may have its own independent support it may be fixed
in any position or at any angle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. In tuyères for forges an air chamber affixed underneath the floor of the forge and
having a mouth or orifice opening into the forge fire substantially as herein described
and for the purposes set forth.
2. In tuyères for forges the combination of an air chamber affixed underneath the
floor of the forge and having a mouth or orifice opening into the forge fire with a
moveable director for the air currents and an agitator for keeping the tuyère mouth

page_text: free from ashes sand or clinkers worked from outside the forge by means of a spindle
all substantially as herein described and for the purposes set forth.
3. In tuyères for forges the combination of an air chamber affixed underneath the
floor of the forge and having a mouth or orifice opening into the forge fire with a
moveable director for the air currents and an agitator for keeping the tuyère.mouth
free from ashes sand.or clinkers worked from outside the forge by means of a spindle
and a sliding or moveable bottom for the air chamber for the removal of ashes sand
or clinkers all substantially as herein described and for the purposes set forth.
4. In tuyères for forges the use of air currents by means of an air chamber affixed
underneath the floor of the forge and having a mouth or orifice opening into the forge
fire instead of a water jacket for the purpose of cooling the exposed part of the tuyère
substantially as herein described and for the purposes set forth.
The whole tuyère substantially as herein described and for the purposes set forth.
Pattu HIS T'Iteentu
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
LOUIS BILLETT.
F. R. COWPER.
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.