An Improved Valve for Gases and Liquids under High Pressure.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Valve for Gases and Liquids under High Pressure.
I, ALBERT MÜLLER, of Nieder-Schönweide, near Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, Inspector of Factories, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to the construction of an improved valve without spindle
for gases and liquids under high pressure such as liquid carbonic acid, the improved
valve being equal in every respect to the requirements of modern industry, as
regards safety in use and during transport, simplicity, convenience and ease of
handling, and security against leakage.
The improved valve is constructed with a valve cone having free play which
projects through the lower plate of a stuffing box and is surrounded in such a way
by an elastic buffer which forms the packing that the plunger presses the buffer
when the hand wheel is screwed down, whilst when the hand wheel is raised
the buffer expands once more, lifts the valve cone and thus opens the valve.
An arrangement in which a safety plug is used to close the outlet attachment,
during transport only, is employed, which plug is provided with a slot at the side,
and also with a pin which passes through the packing disc into the outlet channel,
for the purpose of allowing of the escape of any gas which may happen to find its
way between the valve and the plug during transport.
A cap to guard the handle of the valve during transport is provided, adapted to
be screwed on to a flange on the carbonic acid or other bottle, over the valve, the
said cap having in its upper part i.e. in the recess hollowed out for the reception of
the screw key, an elastic plug, which turns on its axis when the cap is screwed into
position, presses upon the axle of the hand wheel, and thereby prevents any
accidental opening of the valve.
Dated the 18th day of July 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Valve for Gases and Liquids under High Pressure.
I, ALBERT MÜLLER, of Nieder-Schönweide, near Berliu, in the Empire of
Germany, Inspector of Factories, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the construction of an improved valve without spindle
for gases and liquids under high pressure such as liquid carbonic acid, the improved
valve being durable, of comparatively small size and weight, and equal in every
respect to the requirements of modern industry as regards safety in use and during
transport, simplicity, convenience and ease of handling, and security against
leakage.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a section of a valve for gases and liquids under high pressure
constructed according to my invention the valve being shewn open and with interior

page_text: Figure 1 is a detail of the side connection.
Figure 2 is a section showing the valve closed and provided with a protecting cap
or hood, and,
Figure 2 is a front view of the side connection closed.
Like parts are indicated by like letters of reference in the several views.
A is the valve casing made of suitable metal and provided with two smooth
cylindrical passages of different diameters, and a passage with an interior screw-
thread. The lower cylindrical passage is occupied by a closely fitting piston
plunger or spindle a, to the lower end of which there is attached a hard rubber
stud driven into a suitable recess made for that purpose. The upper part e of
the piston or spindle is made of a conic form and between this conical part e and
the lower cylindrical part a is a curved neck, around which is placed a closely
fitting elastic buffer d extending to the walls of the valve casing. Upon this
buffer d rests a closely fitting bearing plate e surrounding the conical part c of the
piston and which by means of a ring, provided with exterior and interior screw-
threads is forced down upon the buffer d and causes the tightening of the piston.
The plate e cannot be forced down any further than is required for tightening the
piston, as the movement of the ring his limited by an inner shoulder or projection
provided on the valve casing A. The hand wheel y carries a short screw-threaded
stem engaging with the interior screw-thread on the ring h. By turning the
hand wheel to the extent of half a revolution to the right the piston is forced
down sufficiently to bring the hard rubber stud in contact with the bottom of
the valve casing thereby closing the mouth of the passage q This operation can
be performed without requiring any force to turn the hand wheel.
For the purpose of opening the valve the hand wheel g is turned half a revolu-
tion to the left, whereby the upper end of the piston is freed and by the action of
the buffer d is automatically raised to the position which it must occupy when
the valve is open.
The discharge and the admission of the gases, when the valve
is open, takes place through the small passages s and i which meet at right angles
to each other.
The outlet attachment or branch o is provided with an exterior screw-thread for
receiving the nut for coupling the connecting tube to it. Its interior screw-thread
engages with a metallic plug m which prevents the outflow of gas that may have
gathered in the valve chest owing to leakage. If, while transporting the valve,
the same should become leaky, the gas which has escaped will, as soon as the plug
is slightly loosened, pass out through the small channel (provided in the plug)
towards the operator, thus putting him on his guard. By this arrangement all
danger attending the opening of the valve is obviated. The pin n on the plug fits
the passage i closely and prevents the closing of the same by the packing disc /
upon which the stopper presses as it is forced inward.
B represents the top of a bottle. On top of the same is a projecting flanger
provided with an outer screw-thread for attaching to it a protecting cap or hood C,
shewn in section in Figure 2 and provided with a hexagonal upper projection for
the reception of a screw key or wrench. The interior of the hexagonal projection
contains a cylindrical space within which is secured a hollow plug t by means of
a ring, the said plug enclosing in its lower recessed part an elastic plug which
when the cap C is screwed down presses upon the central part of the haud wheel g,
adapts itself to its surface and prevents any loosening of the hand wheel and
consequent opening of the valve during transport.
D is a screw-threaded nozzle by which the valve is connected to the bottle. To
the lower end of the nozzle D is screwed a strainer p which prevents foreign
substances from entering the passage q, in the said nozzle and valve casing from
the interior of the bottle.
use.
After removal of the cap and the stopper in the outlet the valve is ready for
The objections attending almost all other known valves, resulting from the
necessity of sending attachments and tools with them are thus obviated. My
valve operates under a pressure of about 300 atmospheres as promptly and readily

page_text: as under a pressure of one atmosphere, and including the cap does not weigh much
more than one kilogram.
One of the principal objections attending the use of valves as heretofore
employed is that the spindle attached to the hand wheel, when the valve is being
opened, may be turned too much and the apparatus thereby deranged which is a
matter of great importance as the manipulation of the valve is generally left to
inexperienced persons and in consequence, under high pressures, accidents are very
apt to occur. Another objection is the comparatively large dimensions of the
valves lengthwise as well as crosswise, in consequence whereof the protecting cap
has also to be made very high and of large diameter, and a blow struck upon this
unduly projecting cap might lead to grave danger; moreover, the much greater
weight of the old type of valve must be taken into consideration when the bottles
are being constantly shipped backwards and forwards.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a valve for high-pressure gases and liquids, the combination with a freely
operating valve spindle or piston, of a bearing plate through which the upper end
of said valve-spindle extends and an elastic buffer surrounding the valve-spindle
below the said bearing plate, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with a valve-casing provided with upper and lower
cylindrical compartments, the former of greater diameter than the latter, of a
valve-spindle or piston closely fitting the said lower compartment and having a
curved neck and a conical upper end, an elastic buffer within the said upper
compartment and surrounding the neck a bearing plate surrounding the conical
head of the piston and resting on the elastic buffer and means for forcing said
bearing plate downwards and for exerting pressure on the valve-spindle, substan-
tially as set forth.
3. The combination with the valve casing A provided with two compartments of
different diameters and a freely operating piston, such as a, closely fitting the
lowermost compartment and provided with a curved neck and conical head
extending through the upper compartment, of an elastic buffer such as d surrounding
the said neck, a bearing plate, such as e, resting on the elastic buffer and carried
by the conical head of the aforesaid piston and means for forcing the bearing plate
down upon the buffer and for exerting pressure on the piston-head, substantially as
set forth.
4. The combination with the valve casing A and freely operating piston of the
elastic buffer d, bearing plate e, ring h, and hand wheel 9, arranged and operating
substantially as set forth.
5. The combination with the valve casing provided with passages s, i, a con-
necting branch o and screw-threaded nozzle D having a passage such as q, through
it which extends into the valve casing, of a valve adapted to open and close the
said passages, substantially as set forth.
6. In a valve for high-pressure gases and liquids, the combination with the valve
casing provided with a branch or outlet, such as o, of a safety plug for closing the
said outlet, the said plug having a longitudinal groove therein to allow of the
discharge of any gas which may escape between the valve and plug, during trans-
portation, substantially as set forth.
7. The combination with a valve casing provided with a branch or outlet, such
as o, of a safety plug for closing the said outlet and having a longitudinal groove
therein, and a packing disc 1, substantially as set forth.
8. The combination with a valve casing provided with a branch or outlet, such
as o, in communication with the exit passage, of a safety plug for closing the said
outlet and having a longitudinal groove therein and a pin in its rear end which is
adapted to enter the aforesaid exit passage, and a packing disc such as I, substan-
tially as set forth.

page_text: 9. The combination with a valve for high-pressure gases and liquids, of a bottle
or vessel having a screw-threaded flange and a screw-threaded cap fitting over the
valve onto the said projection of the flask, substantially as set forth.
10. The combination with the valve and a hand wheel for operating the same,
of a bottle or other vessel having a screw-threaded flange at its top, a screw-
threaded cap fitting over the said flange and provided at its top with a hollow
projection, and a plug fitting within the said hollow projection and resting against
the hand wheel, whereby the accidental opening of the valve during transportation
is prevented, substantially as set forth.
11. The combination with the valve and a hand wheel for operating the same,
of a bottle or other vessel having a screw-threaded flange at the top, a cap enclosing
the valve and adapted to be screwed onto the said flange of the bottle and having
a hollow central projection at its top, a hollow plug such as t secured within the
said projection and an elastic plug fitting within the said hollow plug t and which,
as the cap is screwed onto the bottle turns around its axis and is forced against
the hand wheel thereby preventing the accidental opening of the valve during
transportation, substantially as set forth.
12. The improved valve for gases and liquids under high pressure hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 23rd day of November 1893
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.