IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO ALL KINDS OF CARRIAGES USED ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL.
ELLIS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eleventh day
of June, One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the thirteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Samuel Ellis, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Samuel Ellis,.
my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Ellis,
my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO ALL KINDS OF CARRIAGES
USED ON RAILWAYS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that
I, the said Samuel Ellis, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
aunear

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Ellis, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist
in arranging and adapting machinery or apparatus in and to carriages on
railways, in such manner as that the carriage may be made to travel side-
ways, and transferred from one line of rails to any other adjoining line, where-
ever a transverse railway of suitable guage has been made to intersect and
unite the two first mentioned lines at right angles.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of an ordinary railway goods
waggon; Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same waggon, in each of which
Figures my improvements are shewn coloured, attached to the carriage but
not in use; Figure 3 is a side elevation, and Figure 4 an end elevation of
the same waggon, with my improvements coloured, attached to the carriage
and in use. The same letters of reference denote similar parts throughout
the Drawings. A, A, A, A, are guide brackets attached to the under side
of the carriage. B, B, are two axes, which are supported by and turn in four
brackets C, C, C, C, which are also attached to the under side of the carriage.
Upon each end of the axes B, B, is keyed, outside the brackets C, a crank D;
each crank pin takes into an opening at the upper end of the link E. The
bottom of each link E is jointed to an axle box F; through these axle boxes
the ends of the two axes G, G, pass. On these axles the wheels Z, Z, are
keyed; these axles at their outer ends are coupled to the lower ends of the
links H, H, see Figures 1, 3, and 4. The upper ends of these links are jointed
to the levers I, I; these levers work on fulcra passing through the brackets
J, J, which brackets are also attached to the framework of the carriage. At
the other extremity of the lever I links K, K, are jointed; the lower end
of these links pass round the axles L, L, of the ordinary running wheels
M, M. To the under side of the framework of the carriage are fixed the
brackets N, N; through the lower extremity of these brackets pass the shaft
O; on this shaft is keyed two worms P, P, see Figure 2; these worms take
into the worm wheels Q, Q, which are fixed on the axles B, B. tone enl
of the shaft is keyed a handle R. When this handle is turned so as to raise
the crank pin to its highest elevation, the four wheels Z, Z, are raised off
the transverse railway, whilst the four large wheels M, M, are lowered on to
the rails of the main line, so as to proceed with the train; but when by
turning the handle R the crank is lowered to its lowest point, the small wheels
Z, Z, are lowered on to the transverse line, and the large wheels M, M, raised
off the main line; the carriage is then in a state to be passed from one line of

page_text: rails to another, see Figures 3 and 4. It will be obvious that the apparatus
whereby the traversing wheels are brought to bear on the transverse rails
and the running wheels taken off from bearing on the lines of railway, and
vice versa, may be brought into action by a rack and pinion, or other well
known agent.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same may be carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not
claim any of the parts shewn and described when taken separately. But I
claim as of my Invention the constructing and arranging apparatus and
adapting the same to carriages on railways, in such manner as that when the
wheels for traversing the carriage from one line of rails to another are brought
to bear on the transverse rails, the ordinary running wheels will be taken off
their bearing on the lines of rails; and when the wheels for traversing the
carriage from one line of rails to another are taken off their bearing on the
transverse rails, the ordinary running wheels will be brought to bear on the
lines of rails.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Ellis, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty.