Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1887
Specification Accepted, 20th Jan., 1888
We. JOHN WILCOCK and FRED PEARSON, both of the Falls of the Schuylkill, City
of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Mechanics, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to machines for drawing, roving and spinning cotton and
worsted yarns and for similar purposes; and it consists in an improved top drawing off
roller for such machines.
As is well known in machines employed in the process of drawing, roving, and
spinning worsteds, an important and material part of the machine is the drawing-
rollers. Frequently there are employed in the said machines or frames a set of metal
rollers through which the roving passes before being drawn. After passing through
these rollers the process of drawing out the roving takes place, and in order to
accomplish this end a set of rollers, which we will designate the upper" and "lower"
are employed, which said rollers, revolving faster than the roving is fed from the bobbin
or reel, consequently draw the material into a smaller thread and out to greater length;
but in order that, as necessary, the drawing-off' rollers shall take hold" of the roving.
a peculiar construction of such upper and lower rollers is necessary. The lower or
under roller is usually of metal, having a fluted surface or circumference.
Heretofore the upper roller (in most general use) has been a device constructed of
wood, or metal, generally wood having, in order to accomplish the necessary friction,
a layer or two of leather or cloth or both, fastened around its surface or circumference
by tacks, glue, or other means. Between the two drawing rollers the roving passes, and
is thus drawn out to the required extent, as regulated principally by the relative speed
of the rollers and the yarn as fed.
This brief general summary of the particular part of the processes of drawing,
roving, and spinning which has relation to my improvement is given in order that the
In those
application of my invention to the machines may be the better understood.
rollers which employ the leather or cloth covering difficulty is experienced in the

page_text: leather cloth, or other covering of the surface of the top drawing roller coming off,
wearing out, rotting or otherwise becoming useless; while in a solid composition
roller the yarn is very frequently cut and broken-as when an irregularity occurs-
there being no "give" to the roller.
The object of our invention is to provide a roller so devised and constructed of such
material that these and other difficulties heretofore experienced shall be obviated, a
better result attained, and less power required to drive the machine. The replacing of
the leather or cloth coverings when worn out or displaced requires the employment of
skilled labour, and besides this expense involved, occasions the stoppage of the machine
and much delay in the process of manufacture. The coverings are required to be
replaced and readjusted every few months. In many rovings in which there is con-
siderable grease and dirt remaining the constant contact with the roller coverings
saturates and then rots them, so that they require more frequent replacing.
In the accompanying Drawing
Figure 1 represents in front view two of the upper or top drawing rollers applied
to the shaft or arbor, having the side plates fitted thereto.
Figure 2 is a side view showing the composition shell and a side plate, and indicating
by dotted lines the rubber centre applied to the shaft, a portion of the supporting
bracket or device being also shown.
Figure shows a sectional elevation of the parts shown in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a general view of a series of top rollers placed as in the machine, in
contact with the under or metal fluted rollers.
Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout.
"
""
A represents the shell or composition portion of the top drawing roller affixed to
the arbor or shaft. b by means of the platesc c¹. The centre of the roller is provided
with the filling or cushion d, made of rubber or other elastic material, which being
firmly fitted into the cut out centre of the roller, is in turn applied to the shoulder i of
the plate c. The plate c is firmly affixed or fitted to the shaft b, being keyed or
"shrunk thereto, or by other desirable means. The plate e, being firmly fitted to
the shaft b, the composition shell A is securely held in position by the plates e cl
screws g passing through and being screwed into the plate c', as shown. Slots are
provided in the composition shell, A, in order that the screws or bolts g, when the
rubber filling or cushion gives by reason of the pressure brought to bear in the process
of the operation, may play up and down in the slot. Otherwise the roller would be
rigid and the function of the rubber cushion remain unperformed.
The letter fin figure 4 represents the metal fluted or under roller. his the bracket
or bearing of the shaft or arbour b.
The roller A is composed of paper, or a composition of which the principal
ingredient parts are paper and cement, or vegetable fibers chemically treated, and does
not require any covering on its surface whatever, as heretofore, and will, to all intents
and purposes, never wear out, and produces a saving in steam power, in that it does
not require as great a power to run the rollers as in the old system. By reason of the
cushion of rubber or other elastic material fitted into the centre of the roller an
evenness and uniformity of motion and of pressure are attained.
Although the leather covered rollers which we have described are the best known
and in universal use, yet we are aware that heretofore there have been other rollers
invented for like purposes and uses, some having a composition working-surface of
material called "clamite "
on a solid non yielding roller, and others of solid rubber
having a vulcanised working-surface. Our invention however is substantially different.
By study and practical observation we have discovered that in order to produce
practical and durable drawing-roller the working surface must be of a hard, unwearable,
non-yielding composition, while the roller itself shall be so constructed as to be
capable of giving" when any irregularity or unevenness occurs in the yarn or thread,
otherwise the yarn would be likely to be cut, and if the material or composition
employed for the working surface should be of a wearable and yielding material
grooves will be worn therein by the constant passage of the
irregularities will occur.
or thread and
yarn

page_text: Our invention as herein described is in a drawing-roller having a hard durable
composition shell or working surface provided with a centre composed of a yielding
giving material, the whole being secured to the arbor or shaft by the plates.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
In a drawing off roller, a composition shell or working surface, in combination with
a centre of rubber or other elastic material, the arbor or shaft, and the plates, sub-
stantially as herein set forth and described.
Dated this 15th day of December 1887.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.