Iм- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROPE, CORD, TWINE, YARN, THREAD, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Green, of Lisburn, in the County of Down,
Ireland, Rope and Twine Manufacturer, for the Invention of "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROPE, CORD, TWINE, YARN,
THREAD, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR."
Sealed the 14th May 1869, and dated the 19th November 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Green at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th November 1868.
I, JOHN GREEN, of Lisburn, in the County of Down, Ireland, Rope
and Twine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROPE, CORD, TWINE, YABN,
AND THREAD, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the scouring, washing, and drying of ropes,
cords, twines, yarns, and threads, and consists in drawing those
materials after being passed through a trough of water or size, as
[Price 8d1

page_text: heretofore practised, over or under a series of adjustable grooved bars,
guides, or pulleys placed at intervals outside the periphery of a large
dram or cylinder, which has a rough surface and revolves at a high
vel city, and comes into contact with the materials at the interstices
left by the adjustable grooved bars, guides, or pulleys. The materials
on leaving the bars, guides, or pulleys are passed through a trough
of water, and drawn over the ordinary rubbing or polishing rollers, and
between sizing rollers covered with elastic or other clothing; they are
next drawn over one or more heated chest or chests curved and grooved
longitudinally. I dispense with the use of drawing rollers, and make
the reels receiving the materials in a finished state serve the same
purpose by means of a toothed wheel working in a screw shaft. These
reels are made with six or more arms connected with each other at
the outer end by means of blocks or stays of iron or wood, and fur-
nished at the extremity with snugs or shoulders, which hold longitudinal
bars of wood whereon the materials are wound. One or more of the
longitudinal bars may be made adjustable to slacken the materials for
removal.
And for the purpose of more effectually scouring and washing the
coarser qualities of the same materials, my Invention further consists in
drawing the materials from bobbins immersed in water between a pair
of tension rollers and into contact with two or more carding cylinders,
at different points by means of several adjustable and other guides,
pulleys, or grooved rollers; and I make the materials to pass through a
trough or troughs of water between the points of contact with the
cylinders. The materials may then either be wound on reels or be drawn
through another trough of water and submitted to the rubbing or
polishing, sizing, drying, and reeling process herein-before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Green in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th May 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GREEN, of Lisburn, in the County of Down, in Ireland, Rope and Twine
Manufacturer, send greeting.

page_text: Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Green, Her special
licence that I, the said John Green, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Green, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Chaunel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ROPES, CORDS, TWINES, YARNS, AND THREAD, AND IN
THE MACHINERY THEREFOR,' upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said John Green, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under ny, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Green, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to the scouring, washing, drying, and
finishing of ropes, cords, twines, yarns, and threads.
My process
consists in treating said materials after they have been manufac-
tured in the ordinary way, and after having been passed through
a trough of water or size, as heretofore commonly practised, by drawing
the same by means of the revolving reel or reels, herein-after described,
by which the material when finished is taken up under and over a series
of revolving cylindrical bars or free pulleys placed at intervals outside
the periphery of a large drum or cylinder. These bars or pulleys are
grooved so as to admit and guide the material under process, and they
are borne by adjustable snugs or brackets attached to bolts, each having
a screw-threaded end and working into a socket in or upon a fixed
framework at the end of the drum or cylinder, or by adjustable slot pieces
in or upon said fixed framework, or by other similar adjustable bearings

page_text: by which the material under process may be subjected to a greater or
less extent of contact with the drum or cylinder. The drum or cylinder
is covered with carding, cocoa matting, or other similar rough clothing,
and is made to revolve at a high velocity in the direction opposite to the
course of the material under process, which comes into contact with said
drum or cylinder at the interstices left by the adjustable grooved bars
or pulleys. The material is then directed by means of guide rollers
through a trough of water and over or under rubbing and polishing
rollers of the ordinary construction, and between a pair of rollers covered
with elastic or other clothing, one whereof is placed in a trough of
sizing for the purpose of sizing the material under process. I prefer to
place these rollers and the trough of sizing in the midst of the rubbing
and polishing rollers. The material is then passed over one or more
iron chest or chests curved and grooved longitudinally, the grooves being
on the curved surface, and heated by steam for the purpose of drying and
better polishing the material. The grooves may be of either the U or the
V shape, but I prefer the U grooves as adapted better to preserve the
form and increase the polish of the material. I dispense with the use of
the ordinary drawing rollers, and cause the material under process to be
drawn by the reel or reels by which it is taken up when finished. The
reel is made to revolve so as to draw the material under process by means
of a wormed shaft working into a toothed wheel fixed on the axle of the
reel. The reels are made with six or more arms connected with each
other at the outer ends by means of blocks or stays of iron or wood,
and furnished at the outer extremity with snugs or brackets to receive
longitudinal bars of wood or metal upon which the material is wound.
One or more of these longitudinal bars may be made adjustable by means
of moveable wedges or pieces of wood or metal to slacken the material
for removal.
And for the purpose of more effectually scouring and washing the
coarser qualities of ropes, cords, and twines I cause the materials after
they have been manufactured in the ordinary way to be drawn by
means of a revolving reel, as herein-before described, from bobbins
wholly or partly immersed in water over a guide roller and under
a cylinder or drum clothed with carding, cocoa matting, or other
similar rough clothing, at the lowest point of the periphery of which
cylinder or drum a trough of water is placed, and through it the
material under process is directed by means of a guide roller in or near

page_text: to the centre of the trough. The material then passes between a pair of
tension rollers and is directed by means of a guide roller or guide
rollers through another trough of water, from which it may be passed
through a second pair of tension rollers, and over a guide roller and
under a cylinder or drum clothed as before described, and over another
guide roller into a trough of water, through which it is directed by the
means before described. The material under process is then passed over
a grooved roller and under another cylinder or drum clothed as before
described, and over the cylinder or drum under which it had passed
before being directed through the trough of water lastly above men-
tioned; from thence the material may be directed through another
trough of water and subjected to the rubbing, polishing, sizing, drying, and
reeling processes inerein-before firstly described, or some or any of them.
Before drawing the materials last referred to over the heated chest or
chests I prefer to ease or lessen the strain upon the material under
process by passing same round a large revolving drum or cylinder placed
between the rubbing or polishing rollers and the heated chest or chests.
For convenience I use a large sized reel for taking up the materials last
referred to, and I make one end of such reel, reduced to a slightly smaller
diameter in order to compensate for the contraction of the material
while wet or moist, serve the purpose of the cylinder or drum for easing
or lessening the strain of the material, which in that case is returned
by guide rollers to the reel after being drawn over the heated chest or
chests as above described: The clothed cylinder or drums and the
rubbing and polishing rollers above mentioned revolve in the direction
opposite to the course of the material under process.
And in order that the said process and machinery may be more par-
ticularly described, I shall proceed to refer to the Drawings on the Sheet
hereunto annexed, the same letters of reference indicating the same or
corresponding parts throughout all the figures.
Figure I. is a side elevation of the machinery firstly herein-before
described; Figure II. is a plan of the large drum or cylinder; Figure III.
is a plan of the heated chest; Figure IV. is an end view of the reel;
and Figure V. is a side elevation of the machinery secondly herein-before
described.
A is the framework supporting the machinery; a, a, are the grooved
bars or pulleys; b, b, are the snugs or brackets carrying the grooved
bars or pulleys a. a; 61, 61, are the slot pieces carrying bars for the free

page_text: pulleys; c, c, are the bolts or screws for adjusting the bars or pulleys;
d is the large clothed drum or cylinder; e, e, are the guides, and fis
the trough for water; g, g, g, are the rubbing and polishing rollers;
h, h, are rack frames and bars for guiding the material; i is the trough
for sizing, j, are the sizing rollers, of which the undermost one is
placed in the sizing liquid; k, k, are curved and grooved steam chests;
1, 1, are revolving bars for maintaining the material in position in the
grooves of the steam chests; m is a revolving bar over which the
material passes to the reels n, n; o is spurred gearing on the axle of the
reel, and driven by the worm p on the shaft q: r, r, are the blocks or
stays connecting the arms of the reel n; 3, s, are the snugs or brackets
to receive the longitudinal bars t, t; and w is one of the moveable
wedges or pieces for adjusting the longitudinal bars; y, y, are tension
rollers, and 2, 3. are the bobbins with coarser materials wholly or partly
immersed in water; B, B, are pipes conveying steam to heat the chests;
d¹, d, are carding cylinders; e¹, el, are guide rollers; f¹, f¹, are troughs
of water between the carding cylinders, and l' is a grooved roller to
guide the material; v, v, are toothed wheels transmitting motion to
rollers and cylinders. The position and movement of the materials under
process are indicated by a continuous dotted line and by arrows.
1.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I
do not claim the use of a cylinder or drum except when the same is
used for the purposes and furnished with bars or pulleys, as herein
described, nor of a heated chest except when the same is used for the
purposes and constructed in the manner herein described; nor do I claim
the use of a trough or troughs, or a reel or reels, nor of rubbing,
polishing, or sizing rollers, nor of the separate mechanical parts which
form the scouring, washing, and drying machines used by me, but
I claim,
1st. The manufacture of an improved quality of rope, cord, twine,
yarn, and thread by the use of the machines and processes herein-before
described.
2ndly. The use of a rough clothed cylinder or drum furnished with
bars or pulleys, and applied as herein-before described.
3rdly. The use of a heated chest or heated chests constructed and
applied as herein-before described,

page_text: 4thly. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the
self-acting machines arranged as herein described for the purpose of
scouring, washing, drying, and finishing the materials aforesaid in the
manner herein-before mentioned and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Green, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JOHN GREEN. (L.S.)