IMPROVEMENTS IN GLUE AND IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE AND OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1868

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the "International
Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GLUE AND IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR
MANUFACTURING THE SAME, THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE
TO THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE AND OTHER MATERIAL."-A com-
munication from abroad by Christian Wahl, of the City of Chicago,
County of Cook, State of Illinois, in the United States of America.
lealed the 26th January 1869, and dated the 28th July 1868.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 28th July 1868, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Consulting
Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GLUE AND IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME,
THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE
AND OTHER MATERIAL," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for
the same, and have made solemn Declaration that it has been com-
municated to me from abroad by Christian Wahl, of the City of Chicago,
County of Cook, State of Illinois, in the United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement:
The first part of my Invention relates to the condition of the glue
when ready for sale and transportation, and consists in its manufacture
in the form of thin flakes or scales, which is termed scale glue, and
which may be produced in a better condition and can be more rapidly
melted than ordinary sheet glue.
The second part of the said Invention relates to the means of taking
on the fluid or semi-fluid material to be dried, and consists in the em-
ployment of plates, of porcelain, glass, enameled iron, india-rubber, or
metal coated with rubber or the like which present surfaces not affected
by acids in the glue for the purpose of drying the glue in a thin film
thereon; also in turning the plates, which are preferably disks, two or
more times in the liquid material, chilling it between each immersion,
and thereby taking on a thicker and more uniform coat; also in
pouring or throwing the glue upon the plates or disks where it is
not convenient to immerse them.
The third part of the said Invention relates to means for presenting
the glue to the drying influences, and consists in transporting a series of
plates or disks on a suitable carrier, as a wheel, or chain, or belt to be
exposed, to drying influences; also in means for adjusting the position
of a pulley to compensate for wear or slakening of such belt or chain;
also in the employment of deflectors, which disturb and deflect the air on
the outside of the channel in which the, plates are carried; also in the
employment. of inside deflectors. which disturb and deflect the air on
the inside of the channel, these. latter,deflectors being, ordinarily carried
on the belt or wheel and moved with the plates; also in the combination

page_text: of both outside and inside deflectors arranged to mutually act on the
currents of air and to agitate and disturb them and compel them to
better circulate over the surfaces where the glue is exposed; also in a
peculiar construction of the apparatus by making the flexible part in
the form of a chain having rigid links, and by making the pulleys in
the form of prisms corresponding thereto; also in the employment of
chemicals for drying the whole or a portion of the air thus circulated
with or without the employment of heat; also in the manner of em-
ploying two currents of air, the one cold for chilling the glue being
carried only a little ways, and the other either warm or chemically dried,
or both, being carried a larger portion of the way through the channel
or extended chamber through which the glue is thus carried; also in
the general combination of a carrier with glue-presenting surfaces
rotating on axes carried thereon and with drying currents, as herein-after
specified; also in presenting the glue on horizontal plates or very
shallow dishes in a vacuum, or in drying currents of air or analogous
drying influence.
The fourth part of the Invention relates to the means for removing
the glue from the surfaces, and consists in rubbing the surfaces
with a brush; also in rubbing them with a brush or clearer, which has
an active motion additional to the motion of the surfaces on which the
glue is carried; also in means for rapidly turning the disks on which
the glue is dried during the period while they are being brushed or
cleared of the glue.
The fifth part of the said Invention relates to means for gathering
the dried glue, and consists in the employment of a pulley arranged
to deflect the descending part of the belt, so that the glue falling by
gravity from the plates in their descent shall not fall into the melted
glue in the tank below; and also consists in the employment of a
chamber having gauze or analogous material with fine openings in
the upper part, into which the air is received after it has circulated over
and among the glue-presenting surfaces, in order to arrest and cause the
descent of the glue which has been transported away by the motion of
the air.
I will proceed to describe what I consider the best means of
carrying out the Invention by the aid of the accompanying Drawings
which form a part of this Specification.

page_text: Figure 1 is the side view or vertical section of one form of the
apparatus, one side of the apparatus being removed to allow a clear view
of the interior; Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same on the
line 8, 8, in Figure 1.
Figures 1* and 1b show modifications of the arrangement of the glue
drying surfaces, which may be adopted in preference to that shown in
Figure 1; Figure 3 shows one of the details on a larger scale.
Figure 4 shows a modification of the arrangement shown in Figure 3.
The purpose of the device shown in both Figures 3 and 4 is to
induce an active rotation of the disks which are exposed to the glue.
The device shown in Figure 4 allows for giving such rotation for a
longer time or with greater changes in the position of the axis of the
disks than that shown in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a side elevation or vertical section of a modification of
the apparatus. In this plan the glue drying disks are carried on an
endless belt instead of on a wheel. Figure 6 is a horizontal section
on the line 8, 8, in Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a side elevation or vertical section of another modification
of the arrangement for carrying the surfaces on which the glue is
dried; it also represents provisions for chemically drying the air.
Figure 8 is a section on the line 8, 8, in Figure 7.
Figure 9 represents on a small scale a modification in position of
the chamber in which the glue transported away is arrested.
Figure 10 represents a modification in the position of the belt or
-carrier.
Figure 11 represents a modification in the position of one of the
fans or devices which impel the air currents.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, A represents a large wheel turned slowly,
either continuously or at intervals, by means of a steam engine or other
power not represented; it carries arms A', on which are supported
shafts which are capable of rotating in bearings in the arms A¹
On the shafts 6 are fixed discs B arranged in series of equal size
mounted parallel to each other, as indicated in Figure 2. On the
overhanging ends of the shafts are pulleys B¹ by means of which the
shafts and their attachments are turned when required. B¹ may be
toothed wheels instead of smooth pulleys, if preferred, the mechanism

page_text: for operating them being correspondingly modified. D is a vessel filled
with the liquid glue which is to be dried; E is a flue through which
cold air is blown on the disks B by means of a fan e; F is a casing
which encloses a space around the wheel a little more than that required
to allow the wheel to turn with its attachments. The passage or
chamber within this partition F I have designated f. Through this
passage fa current of dry warm air is circulated in the direction of
the large arrows, the same being blown in through the passage H by
means of a blower h, the warming having been previously effected
by means of an air heating furnace or other suitable apparatus. G.
is a passage through which the warm air indicated by the large
arrow and also the cold air indicated by the small arrow escape into
a chamber J; the top of this chamber J is provided with small per-
forations indicated by j, or the whole upper portion of the chamber
may be conveniently made of wire gauze, the purpose being to allow..
the current of air to escape very slowly through a great extent of
surface. Each series of disks B on reaching the lowest point in the
wheel are partially immersed in the liquid glue, and are turned therein.
preferably two or more times so as to coat the surface uniformly. The
current of cold air from the passage E hastens the chilling of the glue,
and thus assists the retention of a uniform coating upon the wetted.
surface. The revolution of the wheel A carries the disks thus coated
slowly around. During the earlier part of its motion the disks are.
exposed to the cold air, but after passing the escape passage & they are
exposed to warm air which comes over from the flue H. The length
of the journey performed by the disks is so great and the rate of travel
is so slow that the glue is dried on the journey and falls off or is removed
by means to be described below, and is deposited in the receptacle L,.
from which it may be afterwards taken out and packed for transportation.
The plates B may be used with some success if made of iron or steel,
but glue usually contains acid which is liable to attack those metals.
All injurious action between the glue and the disks B is avoided by
forming the latter of glass, porcelain, or analogous earthy material which
is hard and strong and is not affected by the acid. I propose in ordinary
cases to secure this kind of surface with the strength and toughness
of iron by using. what is known in the market as enameled iron, that
is to say, it is preferable to use for the disks B iron of sufficient thickness
to give the requisite strength and coated with a uniform covering of
glaze of carthy material. This earthy material may be vitreous or.

page_text: ceramic. In short, it may be of any approved character which will
defend the iron from the action of the acid, and will allow the wet
glue to adhere thereto and the dried glue to be separated therefrom
with the greatest facility. Instead of earthy material (as the non-
corrosive surface) rubber or gutta percha may be applied upon the
iron or other strong material of the plates. The glue thus produced
is in the form of thin flakes or scales of a uniform or very nearly
uniform thickness, and varying in extent according to the circumstances
of its production and the mechanical violence to which it is subjected
in removing it from the plates and in its subsequent handling. The
quality of the glue is equal to the best produced by ordinary means
for the reason, amongst others, that it entirely does away with the cooling
or chilling of the glue in cooling boxes in which it is poured for the
purpose of getting it into shape to cut it by means of wires, etc., such
cooling being so difficult that glue making is virtually abandoned during
some of the hotter summer months; that it does away entirely with the
danger of the freshly cut glue running through the netting on which it is
spread to dry; that it avoids spoiling the glue on the nettings; and that
the drying may be managed so as always to present the best possible
conditions. In the manufacture of glue much depends on the time in
which the drying is effected, on the temperature, and on other conditions
to which the material is subjected. All this may he managed with
great exactness by this mode of manufacture; and the resulting product
is not only superior in quality to the average glue produced by the
ordinary means subject to fluctuations in the weather, but is greatly
superior to ordinary glue in the fact that the flakes are so thin that
they may be melted without loss of time in soaking, while ordinary glue
in cakes requires to be soaked for hours before melting. Glue so pro-
duced can be stirred into glue previously mixed to thicken it or into
elean hot water, and may be thickened by trial to exactly the condition
required, and may he ready for use immediately. It is practicable to
produce this scale glue by dipping plates having the proper non-corrosive
surfaces into melted glue by hand, and removing them by hand, and
exposing them either to artificial currents of air or of the ordinary
atmosphere. It is practicable also instead of dipping the plates to
put the thin glue upon the surfaces thereof by pouring it over them
or by projecting or squirting it through a hose or sprinkling nozzle,
care being taken to maintain the temperature of the liquid and to keep
the whole at the proper consistency.

page_text: Figures 3 and 4 represent two modifications of means which are
employed for rotating the disks while taking on the glue, and while
the same is. being removed. It will be understood that the greater
portion of the glue removes itself by its property of shrinking, and.
cracking off from the plates. But small fragments are always liable
to remain adhering slightly to the disks. These are removed by treating-
the surfaces after each operation by a rapidly rotating brush. This brush,
which is more fully represented in some of the other Figures, is indicated
in all the Figures by R. It may be here remarked as descriptive of
this portion of the apparatus generally that it is formed in a series
of disks or arms adapted to sweep between the several disks B, and
thus to clean the whole surfaces. It is desirable that the disks B
shall rotate slowly while immersed in the glue, and that they shall
rotate at the same or a faster rate while subjected to the action of the
brush. To effect this by the device shown in Figure 3, a pulley N is
employed at each of the points, which being turned by the steam engine
not represented comes in contact with the periphery of the- pulleys
or gear wheels B', and thus gives motion to each shaft 6 at the proper
times. The device shown in Figure 4 differs- in construction by having
two pulleys N with a belt n running around them, and the action is
produced by means of the belt n. This belt should be made of rubber.
or other elastic material to allow of the variation in length required
to accommodate the circular driers on the arbors 6 and their attachments
as they are successively brought in contact therewith. This device,
that shown in Figure 4, allows the motion to be kept up while the
shaft b and its attachments travel over a considerable distance.. The
devices shown in Figure 3 and in the general views, Figures 1 and 2,
are capable of imparting active rotatory motion only for a brief period,
unless, as has been suggested; the rotation of the main wheel A be
intermittent instead of constant. By making this motion intermittent
the motion is arrested at the time when one series of disks B is being.
rotated in the glue and another set is being treated by the brush.
I have represented the upper portion of the chamber Las perforated"
to allow the escape of air. This may (like the top of the chamber J)
be covered with wire gauze, and a surplus of air may be driven into
the apparatus through the passages E or H, or both, so as to induce
a gentle current away from the wheel A and its connections into the
chamber. L. Such current tends to promote the motion of the scala.

page_text: glue in that direction, and the air thus escaping flows out through the
top of the chamber L, leaving the glue in the bottom. It will be
understood that the action thus described is liable to be very strong
in the chamber J, that is to say, the currents driven from the passages E
and H and escaping through the passage G are liable to carry glue
with them. This is especially true of the warm current coming from
the passage H, and which blows particularly in the early part of its
journey across the surfaces on which the glue is well dried and is just
dropping off. It may be anticipated that under ordinary conditions
more or less of the fine glue is certain to be driven out of the passage G.
It is proposed in case the current is found very active to introduce
deflectors to arrest the motion after it has passed out through the
passage G, and before it strikes the wire gauze in the top of the
chamber J. In case however any particles of the glue shall be driven
up and held by the current of air against the wire gauze in the top
of the chamber J it may be readily cleared by striking or brushing
the wire gauze either by hand or by any suitable machinery. It is
esteemed important to circulate the drying currents of air very
thoroughly and uniformly over the surfaces of the plates B as they
are carried around. The plates B occupy the middle of the annular
space which is termed the channel between the wheel A. and the
casing or partition F. To effect this uniform distribution I retard the
passage of the air at intervals along the exterior of the channel f, and
similarly retard its flow along the interior of the said channel. The
eurrent upon the exterior is retarded by means of deflectors F¹ which
are made preferably of leather, india-rubber, or analogous material and
are allowed to project inward from the partition F to such an extent
as to touch the edges of each series of the plates B as they pass. The
contact of these parts tends to turn the plates B at each contact, and
thus to gradually rotate them during their whole journey; but their
function is to arrest the motion of the air and to deflect it downwards
over the center surfaces between the several disks B. Another series
of deflectors, which may be rigid, are indicated by T, and are fixed on
the wheel A so as to extend outward, as represented, between one series
of plates B and the next series. These perform a double function, that
of deflecting the air outward and agitating it, and of forming pockets
or receptacles into which the glue loosened from the plates B may fall
and thus be carried over and deposited in the proper chamber L. In
other words, the several scales of glue as they become detached from

page_text: the plates B at or near the highest point in their motion, or at any
period on the descending side of the wheel A, fall on the wheel A and
are held quiet, being protected from any agitation by the drying current
by means of the deflectors T. In case a scale of glue commences to
move in opposition to the wheel by reason of a very great activity in
the drying current of air it is liable to fall sooner or later into one of
the pockets, so to speak, produced by these inside deflectors T, and
so soon as it has fallen on the wheel A it remains at rest until the slow
revolution of the wheel A ultimately precipitates it into the chamber L.
The separate functions of the outside deflectors F and of the inside
deflectors T will now be readily understood, and by the combination of
the two with the other parts of the apparatus it will be seen that the
current of air travelling from the passage H over to the escape passage G
is constantly agitated and diffused over the entire surfaces of the
disks B.
Figure 1 and Figure 1b represent respectively modifications of the
arrangement of the drying surfaces and the wheel A which may be
adapted in particular cases with some advantage, though the revolving
disks B as before described are preferable. In Figure 1 the surfaces
on which the glue is exposed are in the form of continuous plates
extending around the wheel A and fixed firmly thereon parallel to each
other. In Figure 1b a series of plates are represented arranged in the
opposite direction, that is, extending longitudinally to the wheel A. In
either case a corresponding modification should be made in the con-
struction and arrangement of the clearing brush R. In the modification
shown in Figure 1 the plates may be made in separate pieces and
abutted together end to end, or they may be placed at a little distance
apart, and may be variously matched together so as to form in effect
continuous or intermittent ribs extending around the wheel.
Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the general mode of operation is the
same as has been before described, but in this case the large carrying
wheel A is replaced by a flexible belt, designated by the same letter.
This is carried over three pulleys, the uppermost C¹ being adjustable
vertically by being mounted in a movable frame I secured by the bolt i
to allow for contraction or expansion of the belt by reason of tem-
perature, wear, or other causes. The pulley C depresses the belt A and
its attachments to the proper extent to immerse the plates B in the glue.
The pulley C³, which is a little above and considerably to one side, holds

page_text: the belt A and its attachments in position while the plates B are being
brushed or cleared. This eonstruction and arrangement involving of
course a corresponding, modification in the form of the exterior casing
and partition F, allows the apparatus to be increased in hight inde-
finitely while occupying; but a small space upon the ground, and is
economical in several respects, the most important being the complete
economization of the warm and dry air effected by the hight of the
apparatus. The position of the descending part of the belt is. such that
the glue falling directly from the plates B. during the descending part of
the motion, and also that carried down in the pockets. by the internal
deflectors T, are precipitated with certainty into the chamber L, and are
not allowed to fall back into the glue vessel D. In Figure 5 a curved
rack is represented as giving rotation to the plates B. by means of a
corresponding toothed wheel B', instead of the smooth pulley and cor-
responding means represented in Figures 3 and 4, but the device shown
in Figures 3 and 4 may be substituted here as also at the point at which
the plates are brushed. In this form of the apparatus the rotating
brush R is represented as formed with arms projecting from a a square
body, but this is not material. It may be made in the form of disks, of
wood or metal, and provided with bristles or other suitable brushing
surfaces on each side of each disk, the disks of the brush being so placed
as to exactly correspond with the space between the disks B. The glue
can be removed by means of a rotating device of this character with
some success, without fixing bristles on the clearing device.. In other
words, coarse fur, flannel, felt, or any other soft material, or even wood
or metal, may be employed with some success, but stiff bristles aro
preferable. The belt A can be made of leather, canvass, or other
ordinary material, either in a plain condition or coated or saturated in
any approved manner. When in consequence of stretching from any
cause it becomes so much slackened as to fail to hold the arms A¹ in
position with tolerable firmness, it can be tightened by slackening the
bolts i and raising the entire frame I by means of a lever, jack screw, or
the like, and having tightened the belt to a proper extent the bolts i are
again set tightly. To allow for this adjustment vertically it is well to
make the chamber fa little large at the top, that is to say, the space
between the casing F and the belt A is only a little more than sufficient
for the passage of the disks B on the ascending side of the apparatus,
and the same on the descending side; but it should be considerably more
than sufficient for the passage of the disks at the top, thus allowing for

page_text: all the changes of height of the pulley C₁ which are required. In this
form of the apparatus the passage G for the escape of the air is
represented as being located at the top of the apparatus, and as being
led down on one side. This feature is not a necessity of the belt form
of the apparatus. The other plan may be used here, or this plan may be
applied with almost equal success to the wheel form shown in Figure 1.
Each arrangement has some peculiar advantages. This plan of taking
away the air at the top tends to reduce the chance of blowing the dried
scales of glue from the dry part of the apparatus against the sticky glue
on the plates not so far advanced. The escape of the air at the top is,
I think, a little more practicable with this belt form than with the wheel
form, because the belt form allows the apparatus to be extended
vertically to any extent which the limits of the building or of a tower
erected for the purpose will allow. The proper high velocity may be given
to the fans e, h, and the proper very slow rotation may be given to the
drums C1, C2, C3, either by connecting them together by suitable belting,
gearing, worm wheels, or the like, well known to mechanics, or by driving
each by a separate engine. The latter arrangement has the advantage
of allowing either to be varied independent of the other as required.
Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the general mode of operation is the
same as has been described in the preceding Figures; but in this form
of the machine the carrier A is in the form of an endless chain, and the
glue is exposed on plates B, which are mounted parallel to each other
at a distance equal to the length of the links of the chain A. The joints
between the links A are indicated by a; and the pulleys C¹, C2, C¹³, in
Figure 5, are replaced in this apparatus by revolving parts of polygonal
section, or revolving prisms having faces corresponding to the length of
the links of the chain A. The means for compensating for changes in
the length of the chain, and for overcoming the several other difficulties,
may be as before described. The device for removing the glue, the
deflectors for agitating the air, the position of the passage G, and of the
gauze-topped chamber J may all be modified, as described, in connection
with the preceding forms of the apparatus.
Figures 9, 10, and 11 show further modifications in the position of
some of these parts, which may be adopted either with this form of the
apparatus or with the other forms if preferred.
Many other modifications may be made by any good mechanic without
departing from the general principles or sacrificing all the advantages of
the Invention.

page_text: Figures. 7 and 8 show the means which it is proposed to adopt either
with this form of the apparatus or with the other forms for chemically
removing the whole or a large portion of the natural moisture from the
air which is introduced through the passage H. Reference has been
made in describing Figures. 1 and 2 to the air introduced through the
passages H. as warmed by a furnace or otherwise. It is proposed to
employ, either as a substitute for the warming of the air or in addition
to it, a sufficient quantity of chloride of calcium or other material which
will absorb the vapor held in suspension in the air. In Figures 7 and 8,
chloride of calcium O. is spread in gratings pin the chamber P; and the
air in its passage into the fan h is drawn up through those gratings
either at its ordinary temperature or previously warmed, as may be
preferred. It may be preferable under most conditions to warm the
air after its passage through the chemicals, and either before or after it
has been subjected to the action of the fan. e. The gratings. are
removable by opening a door, not represented, and may be exchanged
at such intervals as may be required. The material which has absorbed
the moisture may then be exposed to a high temperature, or otherwise
treated to expel the moisture thus absorbed, and to fit it to be used
again. Thus the same material may be used many times, and the air
which is blown into the apparatus through the passage H may be almost
entirely free from moisture. This expedient by increasing the drying
power of the current gives an increased command of the conditions
under which the glue is dried. In short it may be dried either fast or
slowly, as may be found most expedient with different kinds of glue.
It is proposed in addition to the apparatuses above described or as
a substitute for a part or the whole thereof to dry the glue on the
plates in a capacious chamber by the aid of a vacuum. The forms in
which this idea may be carried out may be greatly diversified, the
general proposition being clear to any good mechanie, that after getting
the thin glue in a thin film over the surfaces on which it is to be
dried the plates or other bodies presenting such surfaces are carried by
hand or by machinery into a vacuum pan, so to speak, or into a stout
chamber spherical or otherwise adapted to resist the pressure of the
atmosphere, and are there exposed to a vacuum produced by an air pump
or other suitable device. The temperature may be held at any point
which is found most expedient, and the drying will in this arrange-
ment be effected not by carrying away the moisture by currents of air
which absorb it, but by evaporating the moisture in the form of a

page_text: very thin vapor, which as fast as it is generated may be removed
either by pumping it out directly or by first condensing the whole or a
great portion thereof in the same or a separate chamber by the
application of cold water or other refrigerating influence.
The glue
can also be exposed in such vacuum chamber in broad shallow pans,
in fact horizontal plates with edges very slightly turned up. These
broad pans being placed on suitable racks or frames and a good vacuum
formed in the spaces between the thin sheets of glue contained thereon,
will part with their moisture and become dry and hard in a brief period.
The change, if any, in the character of scale glue, due to the fact
of its being dried in a vacuum, will it is believed be an advantage. The
porous character while it weakens the scales and tends to promote its
disintegration, will also, it is believed, promote its rapid melting when
it is introduced into hot water.
Having now fully described the Invention, what I claim as new
therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows:-
First. I claim scale glue produced and having the qualities as herein
described as a new article of manufacture.
Second. I claim exposing the glue in thin films on non-corrosive
surfaces so that it is dried rapidly, as set forth; also revolving the
disks B or their equivalents two or more times when the glue is being
received thereon, and chilling the glue at each revolution, as shown;
also depositing the glue upon the plates by pouring or throwing the
liquid, as herein described.
Third. I claim drying glue in thin films or scales on surfaces or
plates wetted with the glue in a liquid condition and afterwards exposed
to the open air or to a drying chamber artificially provided, or to a
vacuum or partial vacuum; also drying glue on horizontal plates or
very shallow dishes exposed to a vacuum; also the combination of the
revolving disks B with their endless belt A or its equivalent, for
transporting them for a considerable period through a drying current
of air; also the adjustable pulley C' arranged as represented relatively
to the endless belt A and the glue-exposing surfaces B carried thereon;
also the deflectors F arranged as represented relatively to the current of
dry air impelled as represented and to the plates or glue-presenting
surfaces B, which are transported past them; also the partial partitions T
arranged as represented and adapted to serve the double purpose of
deflecting the air currents and retaining the glue; also the combination

page_text: of the partial partitions F and T arranged as represented relatively to
each other and to the glue-exposing surfaces B, and to the currents of
air traversing the same; also the employment of rigid links A, polygonal
pulleys C¹, C, C³, tank D, and means for impelling drying currents of
air in connection with mechanism for drying glue as specified chemically
drying the air previously to its introduction to the apparatus, as herein
set forth; also the within-described combination and arrangement of the
passages in a glue-drying apparatus so that the glue-drying surfaces shall
be presented to the warm or chemically dried air for a longer period
than to the cold air, as shown; also the combination of the revolving
disks B with the wheel A. for transporting them through drying currents
of air, all substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Fourth. I claim removing the scale glue adhering to the surfaces B
by means of a brush R, against which the surfaces are presented
after drying and before being again immersed in the glue, as set forth;
also revolving the brush or clearing device R, so as to actively rub
the surfaces of the drying plates however slowly they may be moving;
also actively revolving the disks B by means of the pulleys N or their
equivalents at the periods when the glue is being removed, all
substantially as herein specified.
Fifth. I claim the deflecting pulley Cs arranged to cause the carrying
chain to turn partially around it in its descent, as described; also the
gauze chamber J, j, arranged as represented relatively to the air currents
and to the travelling plates B carrying the glue to be dried for the
purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE. (L.S.)
Witness;-
THO. N. PALMER;
Clerk to Messrs. Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
8, Southampton Buildings,
W.C.