IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMUTATORS OF DYNAMO OR MAGNETO-ELECTRIC MACHINES AND ELECTRO-MOTORS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
I, WILLIAM ALEXANDER CARLYLE, of Constitution Hill, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMUTATORS OF DYNAMO OR MAGNETO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
AND ELECTRO-MOTORS to be as follows :—
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My Invention has reference to such Commutators of electrical machines as consist
essentially of two metallic rings or sections of about the same diameter having
longitudinal bars formed therewith or attached thereto on that side of each which
is next the other. The said metallic rings or sections are fixed on the armature
shaft and insulated therefrom and from each other; the said bars being alternately
one within the other and forming parts of a cylindrical surface concentric with
the axis of the armature shaft. The rings or sections are respectively connected
to the terminals of the armature coils.
Such commutators being made of complete annular form are difficult to remove
from the armature shaft for repairs or other purposes and to replace thereon.
The object of my Invention is to construct such Commutators so that they
may be readily removed from the armature shaft and readily replaced.
In constructing such Commutators according to my Invention I make them
generally of the form above described but instead of making them of a complete
annular form I divide each ring or section longitudinally into two or more pieces
and connect them together by a nut screwed on each end concentrically with the
armature shaft; or by bolts which fasten two divisions of the same ring or section
together, the said bolts being insulated where necessary; or by any other suitable
method.

page_text: I, WILLIAM ALEXANDER CARLYLE, of Constitution Hill, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMUTATORS OF DYNAMO OR MAGNETO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
AND ELECTRO-MOTORS "and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My Invention has reference to such commutators of electrical machines as consist
essentially of two metallic rings or sections of about the same diameter having
longitudinal bars formed therewith or attached thereto on that side of each which
is next the other. The said metallic rings or sections are fixed on the armature
shaft and insulated therefrom and from each other; the said bars being alternately
one within the other and forming parts of a cylindrical surface concentric with the
axis of the armature shaft. The rings or sections are respectively connected to the
terminals of the armature coils.
Such commutators being made of complete annular form are difficult to remove
from the armature shaft for repairs or other purposes and to replace thereon owing
to the outside bearing.
*The object of my Invention is to construct such commutators so that they may,
be readily removed from the armature shaft and readily replaced.
In constructing such commutators according to my Invention I make them
generally of the form above described but instead of making them of a complete
annular form I divide each ring or section longitudinally into two or more pieces
and connect them together by a nut screwed on each end concentrically with the
armature shaft or by bolts which fasten two divisions of the same ring or section
together, the said bolts being insulated where necessary; or by any other suitable
method.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing the
manner in which my Invention is to be performed; the same letters of. reference
on the drawing indicate corresponding parts in all the corresponding Figures.
•
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Figures 2 and 3 are end elevations of a
commutator constructed according to my Invention the divided rings or sections.
being connected by screw nuts or collars; Figure 4 is a cross section and Figure 5
a longitudinal section of the same (in Figure 5 the armature shaft is removed);
Figure 6 is a cross section of a modification of the same; Figure 7 shews in
isometrical projection the two divided rings or sections; Figures 8, 9 and 10 shew
different forms of collars to be used for connecting the divided rings or sections
instead of the said screwed nuts according to my Invention; Figure 11 shews the
said divided rings or sections connected by four screws; Figure 12 shews part of a
commutator having the rings or sections connected by two screws; Figure 13
shews the same hinged at one side and connected by two screws at the other
side.
A¹, A³ form one of the said two metallic rings or sections of the said
commutator which is mounted on the armature shaft M and B', B' form the
other of the said two metallic rings or sections. a¹, a³, a³, b¹, b², b³ are the ordinary
longitudinal bars one within the other insulated from each other and formed
with the said rings or sections respectively: a¹ being formed with A¹, a² and a³
with A2; b with Band 62, 68 with B³. I connect the said rings together for their
ready removal from the armature shaft by screwing their ends and providing two
screwed nuts or collars C³, C³ as shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, or I connect
them by other suitable means, such for instance, as by turning the ends plain as

page_text: shewn in Figure 7 and using to fit on to the said ends two plain collars D having
set screws das shewn in Figure 8 or by two split collars E with bolts e as shewn
in Figure 9; or by two divided collars F having bolts f¹, f as shewn in Figure 10;
or the said rings or sections may be enlarged as shewn in Figures 11,, 12 and 13
and connected by four bolts or screws g¹ as shewn in Figure 11; or by two bolts
or screws g as partly shewn in Figure 12; or they may be hinged at one side as
shewn at H E in Figure 13 and connected by screws or bolts in the holes g³. In
the divided ring or section A¹, A² I provide three screws o which are insulated from
and screw into the ends of the bars 6¹, 6º, 6ª and in the divided ring or section B¹, B&
I provide three similar screws p to screw into the ends of the bars a¹, a³, a³. The
screws o, po serve to keep the parts of the divided rings or sections together.
The terminals from the armature coils can be connected to the rings or sections
in the ordinary way: for instance, as in the commutators shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 7, 11, 12 and 13 in which one ring or section B1, B2 is in metallic contact with
the armature shaft M and the other A¹, A' is insulated therefrom, the terminals t,
Bay from the N magnet poles, are connected to the nut or collar C¹ as in Figures 1,
2, 3 and 4 or to the collars D or E or F when they are used and through it or
either of them to the ring or section A¹, A² or directly to the said ring or section as
in Figures 11, 12 and 13 and the terminals from the S poles are connected to the
armature shaft and through it to the section B¹, B². When both rings or sections
are insulated from the armature shaft as shewn in the cross section in Figure 6 the
terminals from the S poles may be led through a bush of insulating material L to
the ring or section B¹, B².
Instead of dividing such commutators into two parts as above described they
may be divided into three or more parts as may be most convenient according to
the number of longitudinal bars used and may be connected together as above
described as will be readily understood.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise details as
herein described and illustrated as the same may be varied without departing from
the nature of my Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
I claim is:
1. A commutator of a dynamo or magneto-electric machine or of an electro-
motor divided longitudinally into two or more pieces so as to be readily removable
from the armature shaft and readily replaced thereon as hereinbefore described and
illustrated.
2. A commutator of a dynamo or magneto-electric machine or of an electro-
motor divided longitudinally into two or more more pieces so as to be readily
removable from the armature shaft and readily replaced thereon and the said pieces
connected together substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
illustrated.