AN IMPROVED LUBRICATING COMPOSITION AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING LUBRICANT."
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hugh Montgomerie, of Cleadon, in the county of Durham,
Engineer, for an invention of "AN IMPROVED LUBRICATING COMPOSITION AND
APPARATUS FOR APPLYING LUBRICANT."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hugh Montgomerie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1882.
HUGH MONTGOMERIE of Cleadon in the County of Durham, Engineer
"AN
IMPROVED LUBRICATING COMPOSITION AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING LUBRICANT"
My invention relates firstly to the manufacture of a lubricant adapted for all
purposes where friction between surfaces takes place.
In one form the lubricating composition consists of plumbago (in an impalpable
powder) 25 parts; lime water 121/2 parts; gallipoli oil 12 parts; flour of sulphur
10 parts and tallow 40 parts, in every 100 parts, or nearly such proportions. The
gallipoli oil by being mixed with the lime-water is caused to thicken or coagulate
to a creamy consistency in which the plumbago (being added) is held in suspension
and three ingredients are (when so mixed) added to the melted tallow and stirred
into it. When cool the sulphur is added and the mixture is now of the consistency
of a strong paste and is then formed into bars of suitable diameters and lengths-or
into any other shape best adapted for the purpose to which it is to be applied-
ready for use.
When required to be used for lubricating the interior surfaces of engines (as
the cylinders, slide valves &c.) or machinery (where the solid form is not suitable) I
make the composition in a liquid form, omitting the sulphur and the tallow, and
employing plumbago 33, parts, gallipoli oil 33, parts, and lime water 33, parts,
in every 100 parts, or nearly such proportions, the three ingredients being mixed
together.

page_text: My invention secondly relates to apparatus for applying the lubricant―already
described (or any other lubricant) in the solid form, and consists of a tube or
channel into which the lubricant is placed (in bars or other suitable forms) with
its lower end resting upon the journal or other moving surface. In the upper part
of the tube or channel is fitted loosely a disc or piston resting upon the upper end
of the lubricant and pressing upon it to an extent adjustable by weights or springs.
Projecting from this disc or piston is a wire rod with a button on top (or some
equivalent device) by the position of which the quantity of lubricant in the tube
or channel is plainly shewn and the need of replenishment indicated to the
attendant.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent & of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said Hugh Montgomerie in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th November 1882.
HUGH MONTGOMERIE of Cleadon in the County of Durham Engineer AN
IMPROVED LUBRICATING COMPOSITION AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING LUBRICANT
My invention relates firstly to the manufacture of a lubricant adapted for all
purposes where friction between surfaces takes place.
The
In one form the lubricating composition consists of plumbago (in an impalpable
powder) 25 parts; lime water 12 parts; gallipoli oil 121/2 parts; flour of sulphur
10 parts, and tallow 40 parts, in every 100 parts, or nearly such proportions.
gallipoli oil by being mixed with the lime water is caused to thicken or coagulate
to a creamy consistency in which the plumbago (being added) is held in suspension
and the three ingredients are (when so mixed) added to the melted tallow and stirred
into it. When cool the sulphur is added and the mixture is now of the consistency
of a strong paste and is then formed into bars of suitable diameters and lengths-or
into any other shape best adapted for the purpose to which it is to be applied―
ready for use.
When required to be used for lubricating the interior surfaces of engines (as
the cylanders, slide valves &c.) or machinery (where the solid form is not suitable)
I make the composition in a liquid form, omitting the sulphur and the tallow and
employing plumbago 33, parts, gallipoli oil 331, parts, and line water 33, parts,
in every 100 parts, or nearly such proportions, the three ingredients being mixed
together
From experimental trials I have made I find that in cases where the frictional
surfaces are in perfect order, and not unequally worn the sulphur may be omitted
and oil or tallow added to make up the deficiency, the value of the sulphur being
found in cases where there is heating of the surfaces from undue friction. I als
find that in the solid form the lime water may be omitted but when in liquid form
the lime water is essential to cause the plumbago to be held in suspension
In preparing the lubricant in solid form for use in hot climates, I propose to use
a larger proportion of tallow with less oil or in extreme cases to use some stiffening
ingredient (such as Stearine) to solidify it. In very cold climates more oil may be
used and less tallow. In the liquid form there will be little or no variation in the
proportions of the ingredients required to meet the variations of climate
My invention secondly relates to apparatus for applying the lubricant already
described (or any other lubricant) in the solid form, and consists of a tube or
channel into which the lubricant is placed (in bars or other suitable forms) with
its lower end resting upon the journal or other moving surface.
In the upper part of the tube or channel is fitted loosely a disc or piston resting
upon the upper end of the lubricant and pressing upon it to an extent adjustable
by weights or springs. Projecting from this disc or piston is a wire rod with a
button on top (or some equivalent device) by the position of which the quantity of
lubricant in the tube or channel is plainly shown and the need of replenishment
indicated to the attendant
The forms in which I propose to make the apparatus by which lubricant in solid
form is to be supplied will vary according to the parts of the engines or machinery
to be lubricated.
For application to revolving journals I propose to construct it as shewn by Fig. 1
in which A is a journal B the bearing C the cover or keep D is the lubricant made
round like a candle contained in a brass case E (which is fitted in a hole in the

page_text: keep and kept from touching the journal by a collar) and resting upon the upper
surface of the journal A. Within the upper part of the case E another tube F
slides freely having its closed lower end resting upon the top of the lubricant which
it presses down with a certain force regulated by loading the interior of F with
weights. As the lubricant wears by melting on the journal the tube F presses it
down and the projection of F out of the case E indicates the quantity of lubricant
remaining. In another form the lubricant may be pressed down by a disc weighted
and having a wire projecting with a button or pointer on top to indicate the
absorption of the lubricant
For application to such parts of Engines or machines as are themselves in motion
as crossheads, links and similar parts. I make the apparatus as shewn on Figure 2
in which A is the journal B the bearing C the cover or keep D the lubricant E the
brass case screwed into the keep by a canted collar. Here there is no internal tube
but weights or springs may be applied in E to force the lubricant down but I do
not expect they will be required its own weight probably being, sufficient in most
cases. Figure 3 shews the apparatus applied to the lower end of a connecting rod
to lubricate the crank pin, where the motion being very rapid the weighted inner
tube is not applicable and I make the cases E, E, of sufficient length to contain long
pieces of the lubricant and attach their upper ends by light stays to the rod. This
is to avoid stopping the engine to replenish the cases. On long bearings I place
two three or more cases or one oblong case containing the lubricant made of
suitable shape. For the application of the lubricant in liquid form no special
apparatus is required as any of the ordinary syphons or impermeators are available.
Having now described my invention and the mode of carrying it into practical
use though I do not bind myself to the precise details of manufacture or of
application I declare what I claim as novel and secured to me by Letters Patent
to be
First A lubricating composition in solid form consisting of the ingredients
named in about the proportion stated and manufactured substantially as described
Second A lubricating composition in liquid form consisting of the ingredients
named in about the proportions stated and manufactured substantially as described
Third An apparatus for the application of such lubricant in solid form or other
lubricant of similar consistency constructed and operating substantially as shewn
and described
In witness whereof I the said Hugh Montgomerie have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty seventh day of November in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two
Witness:
HUGH MONTGOMERIE (L.S.)
T. J. DANSON F. Inst. P. A.
Consulting Engineer & Patent Agent
Newcastle on Tyne