IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS PRESSURE REGULATORS
Year: 1885

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by Johannes Fleischer, Hieronymus Wilhelm Miller,
Johann Georg Arnold, of the firm of Fleischer, Müller & Co., Manufacturers
of Gas Regulators, Frankfort on Main, Germany.]
I WILLIAM THOMAS HENRY CARMAN, Agent of 122 London Wall, in the City
of London, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS PRESSURE REGULATORS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The gas pressure regulator represented in the accompanying drawings by
figures to 7, has for its object the reduction of the gas supply to the pressure
requisite for the most economical use.
The regulator can be used for the greatest as well as for the smallest consumption
of gas, and it is immaterial whether it be set up with water (see fig 2.) that is, with
a bell immersed in water or any other fluid for hydraulic gas closure, or in the
smaller dimensions with double closing membrane.
The regulator.consists mainly of receptacle B. fig. 1 and 2, of the double closing
membrane or bell A. fig. 1 and 2, both of which can be loaded with weights H and
are loosely connected with the guiding bar G of the flap valves C and C¹. in the
lower half of which there are two differently sized guiding rollers E and E'
connected by a common pivot bolt F. fig. 5 and 6. and at the lowest extremity of
which, the small adjustable conic valve D is screwed on and held fast in this position
by jam-nut L.
In the bottom of receptacle B fig. 1 and 2, and 7, a casting is screwed on with
flanges, which has at the inlet exactly the diameter of the gaspipe wherewith the
In the two
apparatus is to be connected, and which divides into three outlets.
outlets leading to right and left are fixed flap valves C and C¹ which turn on hinges
and grasp the elongated lever arms 1 and 2. fig. 6. which are fixed to them under
the differently sized guiding rollers E and E' in the guiding bar G, fixed on for that
purpose.
The small adjustable conic valve D on G with the jam-nut L completes the
mechanism and serves at the same time as guide. The crosspiece J fixed into
receptacle B fig 1. serves as upper guide for bar G. while in fig. 2. it is placed in the
cross bow put on outside.
The gas pressure regulator works in the following manner:-
The gas passes through the flanges or tube connection (see arrows in figs. 1. 2. 3.
and 7,) in the bottom of the regulator into receptacle B or into bell A until these
and the gas conduits connected with it, are filled with gas. Through the continued
pressure against the membrane or bell A, the latter goes up to its highest point and

page_text: thus completely shuts off the three corresponding valves fig. 1, whereby it is to be
remarked that the two flap valves C and C₁ through the arranged position of the
lever arms 1 and 2. fig 6. shut themselves and in that case replace the floating box
in the wet regulator while the third small conic valve D shuts itself, through the
membrane or bell, or by gas pressure on the one hand, and the pressure of flap
valves C and C¹ on the other hand, that is to say through the pressure of their
elongated lever arms 1 and 2 against the guiding bar G standing in a central and
vertical position.
In proportion as the pressure of gas predominates in the outlets, the membrane
or bell adjusted by weights H for the desired gas supply, will rise or fall. In
order therefore that the flow may be in exact proportion to the height of pressure,
required for the consumption of gas, the valves work alternately, that is, the small
conic valve D screwed on to the middle of guiding bar G comes into action by the
lowering of the membrane or bell (see fig 3.) By the continued consumption of
gas and by further lowering of the membrane or bell, the large guiding roller E¹
which is in the guiding bar G now presses upon the left lever arm 2 of valve C¹
and opens it as far as the marked height. fig. 4. In this position, if more gas is
required, the membrane or bell descends a little, and the smaller guiding roller E
presses upon the left lever arm of the flap valve C and thus opens the three valves,
upon which all three then work together, and admit the necessary gas till they
have the same diameter as the inlet fig 2. in case 'the whole volume of gas is
required..
If the consumption of gas is reduced, causing a heavier pressure under the
membrane or bell, the valves close slowly in the reverse order to that described
above, the small conic valve closing last, and in consequence, a very exact regulation
takes place.
Froin the above may be deduced in a few words, that in contrast to the down
pressure regulators now in use (whether of wet or dry construction) which work
with one valve only, be it flap valve, or of any other form; in our regulator three
valves work, first alternately and lastly, when the full flow of gas is required, all
three operate together, so that a high sensitiveness in the regulation of the gas is
obtained, which shows itself particularly by the slight raising of the membrane or
bell which could only be obtained by this arrangement, as the floating boxes which
were absolutely necessary heretofore, are abolished in the wet regulators, and the
membrane in the dry regulator is less tasked the flap valve not being in the middle
of the membrane, as in the old systems, where by high pressure it was pulled down,
soon causing leakage, whereas the arrangements of our invention necessitate a
constant raising of the flap valve as soon as the weight H is taken off, thereby
contributing to the good conservation. We also use two membranes, one upon the
other, by this means avoiding all tearing, breaking, or leaking, there being between
the two membranes a suitable preparation of an oil or fat stratum, which keeps the
side next to the gas as well as the other exposed to the atmosphere, in a flexible
condition, whereby an absolute tightness is obtained guaranteeing a perfect safety,
which is not the case with the down pressure regulators.
Fig. 7. represents a section of the apparatus, consisting of two regulators, (Nos. 1
and 2.) one above the other. The construction of the valves is shown in fig. 1. 2.
3. 4. 5. and 6. with one or more receptacles H either on the top or at the sides,
having elastic partitions K and L, to equalise efficaciously the concussions caused
by vibration in the gas conduits and causing an unsteady burning of the flames
connected with same.
The two Regulators (1 and 2.) are connected by pipe F and the receptacle or
receptacles H are connected by pipe G. The flow of the gas is indicated by the
arrows.
The walls M and N which enclose the cylindrical framed receptacle protect the
double membranes K and L fixed in the same, against destruction. These mem-
branes act in the same way as those described above, and constitute our second
claim,

page_text: The safety pipe O has an aperture at 01 where it is connected with the air,
and prevents an escape of gas into the said space, being connected with the two
protecting walls M and N by tube R, having small openings, by which, in case
of leakage, the gas is conducted at once into the open air, through pipe O thereby
excluding the possibility of an explosion or ignition.
For loading or unloading, instead of the commonly used weights, we use a spring
regulator, which is constructed in such a way that with an adjustment at E, both ⚫
regulators 1 and 2 can be regulated by the levers A and A¹ in the following
manner
The top lever A¹ is firmly connected by a regulateable arrangement C for
obtaining the exact distance for the equilibrum B. with bottom lever A. the spiral
spring D attached to this lever, has at its elongated end, a thread which goes into
the stuffing box P enclosed in case J.
By turning the finger nut E above the thread, any gas pressure from 1/m
column of water and upwards can be obtained in both regulators. The whole
apparatus is enclosed in case J. which is connected with the safety tube R. in order
that the two Regulator membranes 1 and 2 may receive the necessary air from
outside, which they require for their motion, or to let the air escape, as already
described above.
The motion of the air is indicated by arrows with feathers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performer I declare that what
I claim is
First In a wet or dry gas pressure regulator the casting N as shown by
Figures 1. 2. 3. 4 and 6. with one inlet, and two or more outlets, flap valves, Č
and C with elongated lever arms 1 and 2. fig. 6. guiding rollers E & E¹ guiding
bar G fig. 5. conic valve D, the membrane or bell weights H and the membrane or
bell A. all as described.
Second The application of two membranes one above the other, in gas down-
pressure regulators, to prevent leakage, all substantially as described.
Third: The whole apparatus as shown in fig 7. with mechanism described, the
regulators 1 and 2 connected by pipe F with one or more receptacles H connected
by pipe G, the peculiarly arranged adjustment of lever arms A and A¹ with
equalised bars & weights B, the regulation of the necessary length of the bars by
C, the loading or unloading of the gas pressure by tightening or loosening spiral
spring D by finger nut E, with stuff box P enclosing case J. and air connecting
tube R, all substantially as described.
Fourth The arrangement of the double membranes K and L protecting walls M
and N safety pipe Ŏ and O₁ with one or more cylindrical receptacles H, all
substantially as described.
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