Improvements in the Manufacture of Briquettes, and in the Machinery for Accomplishing the same.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Briquettes, and in the
Machinery for Accomplishing the same.
We, RICHARD WILHELM GLATZEL, of Friedrichstrasse 232, Berlin, and
HEINRICH HÄSSLER, of Zembschen, near Hohenmebzen, Kreis, Weissenfels,
(Saale) Germany, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is a process and machinery whereby material
which had not been heretofore found proper and suitable for the manufacture
of briquettes, can now be fully utilized for this purpose; this process and
machinery being however more particularly adaptable for the manufacture of
briquettes consisting not only of brown coal but also of finely pulverized coal and
the like. This process will be found particularly advantageous for the manu-
facture of briquettes from brown coal deficient in tar such as could not be hitherto
nade into briquettes and even when such briquettes were made with considerable
difficulty they were not useful.
The large proportion of brown coal hitherto found useless for the manufacture
of briquettes will now by reason of this process be rendered fully utilizable for the
purpose in view.
This invention is characterized by the fulfilment of a great improvement that
henceforward all sorts of brown coal deficient in tar shall be utilized but also
even the rubbish or slack will be treated to advantage for the manufacture of
briquettes. The process consists in compressing the previously prepared,
(pulverized) briquette dust or waste into a briquette under a very high pressure,
this pressure being gradually reduced, thus causing a more thorough developement
of the swelling process. The consequence of this developement of the swelling
process is to prevent the splitting crumbling or chipping of the glazing.
In the process hitherto employed the compressed briquettes were guided
between parallel upper and lower walls and thus subjected to a uniform outer
pressure, but according to this process on the contrary the high pressure first
applied is gradually reduced on account of the walls tapering so as to be wider at
the bottom or end than at the top or beginning.
The machine used to carry out the above described processes is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1, is a longitudinal section of the briquette
press, Figure 2, being a cross section on line M-N, of Figure 1 and Figure 3, a
longitudinal section on an enlarged scale of the mould of the press.
The press used for this process consists essentially of a hopper a wherein is fed
the material of which briquettes are required to be made such as brown and
ordinary coal dust or rubbish which is guided directly into the press mould A
according as required by the aid of the slide or shutter b and of the feed roller c.
The stamp or ram d, which is actuated by suitable mechanism driven by steam, for
example, is forced into the mould in such a manner that the coal dust or rubbish
or other material previously introduced therein is pressed into a hard mass.
In the mould A are placed two conical holdfast or hook pieces e, e, carrying
lining bars f, f, throughout their lengths. These liners are so formed that the first
part of the same x, x, is narrowed from the feed opening to the centre of the
channel through which the briquette is guided, another tapering occuring in the
said channel at the part y, y, adjoining a, z, while the third part of the liner z, z,

page_text: adjoining y, y, gradually widens towards the outlet opening m. Over the mould A
are the usual pressure blocks g which can be raised and lowered according to
requirements by turning the shaft with the aid of any suitable device.
This machine operates in the following manner :-
-While the material required
to be made into briquettes has been driven by the ram d in the above described
manner within the part x, x, of the channel 1, the formation of the briquette
commences and with the subsequent further action of the same stamp d the briquette
is finished between y, y, and is driven towards 2,, where the swelling action takes
place after which the briquette is discharged through the outlet m and leaves the
machine. The briquette bas expanded in the course of its passage through the
machine and is thoroughly swollen as required. In the briquette machines hitherto
built the parts x, x, and z, z, of the channel were parallel at the top, as well as at
the bottom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1st. The process for the manufacture of briquettes of hitherto entirely or partly
unsuitable material such for example as brown coal deficient in tar, finely
pulverized coal, peat, and particularly waste characterized by the prepared
(pulverized) briquette material which are subjected to a gradually and automatically
reduced pressure substantially as set forth.
2nd. The above process characterized by the application of an automatically
reduced pressure on the briquette within a channel which becomes gradually
wider towards the outlet opening m so that the briquette may sufficiently expand
in the mould in order to allow for the developement of a thorough swelling process
substantially as set forth.
3rd. In carrying out the process set forth in Claims 1 & 2 a mould characterized
by conical hooked pieces or hold fasts e e, which receives the liners or bars f, j,
substantially as set forth.
4th. In carrying out the process set forth in Claims 1 and 2 the lining pieces or
bars f,, with the parts,, and y, y, both of which taper, and with a third
part 2, z, which becomes gradually wider in the direction of and as far as the outlet
opening m substantially as set forth and shown on the drawings.
Dated this 10th day of December 1895.
GEORGE BARKER,
77 Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.