IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jolin Carter Ramsden, of Halifax, in the County
of York, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 16th May, 1871, and dated the 27th January 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Carter Ramsden
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th January 1871.
I, JOHN CARTER RAMSDEN, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
-
The Invention relates, first, to improvements upon an Invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to me on the Eighteenth day of
March 1869, Number 823. For this purpose I dispense with the racks
and wheels for giving motion to the needles or weft insertors as described
with respect to the first part of the Invention above referred to, and so
mount and work the needles or weft insertors that all the advantages
of a rotary motion are obtained in a much simpler and less expensive

page_text: suitable
manner: The needles or weft insertors (which may be of any
shape) are rigidly fixed to bars which are at their ends, and, if required,
at intermediate parts of their length, pin-jointed to levers or arms
carried or mounted upon fixed centres of motion; and one of such arms
or levers of each bar is fixed to a shaft or axis, to which a reciprocating
partial rotary motion is given by means of a cam acting upon a crauk
connected thereto, or by other suitable means. By these means the eye
of each needle or weft insertor will be caused to enter and leave the
shed in the path of a portion of a circle, the diameter of which will be
determined by the length from the centre of the arms to the point at
which they are connected to the needle bars. Instead, however, of
operating the needle bars as before described a somewhat similar motion
may be obtained by giving a to-and-fro motion to the needle bars, and
causing them to be guided at their ends by studs or projections travelling
in or upon suitable fixed cams or guides. Or, instead of causing the
needles or weft insertors to travel in the path of a circle, a similar result
may be obtained by causing them to travel in a rectangular or other
course, the first portion of their motion being towards the reed and the
last towards the work beam, the motion in all cases being so arranged
as to bring the last pick close up to the line of work. These motions
may be communicated to the needle bars by means of cams acting upon
levers connected thereto, or by pins or projections working in or upon
fixed guides or cams and levers operated by cams or otherwise, to give
a to-and-fro motion to such needle bars.
The Invention relates, secondly, to improvements upon an Invention
for which Letters Patent were granted to me on the Seventh day of
October 1869, Number 2914. For this purpose I dispense with the
holes in each weft needle or insertor, which I show in Figure 2 of the
Drawings of the Specification of the above-named Patent, and instead
thereof I form a hole through the breadth of the said weft needles or
insertors, and by that means the weft is shielded in its passage through
the warp, and all friction thereon prevented. This I have found in
practice to be a great advantage, and to enable me to obtain a more
continuous production of fabric.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Carter Ramsden in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th July 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CARTER RAMSDEN, of Halifax, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in
the thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said John Carter Ramsden, Her
special licence that I, the said John Carter Ramsden, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Carter
Ramsden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Carter Ramsden, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
KNOW NOW YE, that I, the said John Carter Ramsden, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
:-
The Invention relates, first, to improvements upon an Invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to me on the 18th day of March
1869, No. 823. For this purpose I dispense with the racks and wheels
for giving motion to the needles or weft insertors as described with
respect to the first part of the Invention above referred to, and so
mount and work the needles or weft insertors that all the advantages
of a rotary motion are obtained in a much simpler and less expensive

page_text: manner. The needles or weft insertors (which may be of any sunabie
shape) are rigidly fixed to bars which are at their ends, and, if required,
at intermediate parts of their length, pin-jointed to levers or arms
carried or mounted upon fixed centres of motion; and one of such arms
or levers of each bar is fixed to a shaft or axis to which a reciprocating
partial rotary motion is given by means of a cam acting upon a crank
connected thereto, or by other suitable means. By these means the eye
of each needle or weft insertor will be caused to enter and leave the
shed in the path of a portion of a circle the diameter of which will be
determined by the length from the axes of motion of the arms to the
point at which they are connected to the needle bars. Instead, how-
ever, of operating the needle bars as before described a somewhat similar
motion may be obtained by giving a to-and-fro motion to the needle bars,
and causing them to be guided at their ends by studs or projections
travelling in or upon suitable fixed cams or guides. Or, instead of
causing the needles or weft insertors to travel in the path of a circle,
a similar result may be obtained by causing them to travel in a rect-
angular or other course, the first portion of their motion being towards
the reed and the last towards the work beam, the motion in all cases
being so arranged as to bring the last pick close up to the line of work.
These motions may be communicated to the needle bars by means of
cams acting upon levers connected thereto, or by pins or projections
working in or upon fixed guides or cams and levers operated by cams or
otherwise to give a to-and-fro motion to such needle bars.
The Invention relates, secondly, to improvements upon an Invention
for which Letters Patent were granted to me on the 7th day of October
1869, No. 2914. For this purpose I dispense with the holes in each
weft needle or insertor, which I show in Figure 2 of the Drawings
of the Specification of the above-named Patent, and instead thereof I
form a hole through the breadth of the said weft needles or insertors,
and by that means the weft is shielded in its passage through the warp
and all friction thereon prevented. This I have found in practice to
be a great advantage, and to enable me to obtain a more continuous
production of fabric.

page_text: Figure 1 is an end view of a portion of a loom having the first part of
my present Invention applied thereto; Figure 2 is a plan, and Figure 3
is a section of parts to a larger scale.
a, a', are the needles or weft insertors fixed rigidly to bars b, b', which
are at their ends, and, if required, at intermediate parts of their length,
pin-jointed at c, c', to levers or arms d, d', carried or mounted upon fixed
centres of motion; and one or more of each of such arms or levers d, d¹,
is fixed to a shaft or axis e, e¹, to which a reciprocating partial rotary
motion is given by means of a cam g acting upon cranks f, f', connected
to the shafts or axes e, e', or other suitable means may be employed for
imparting a similar motion to such shafts or axes e, e¹. The other parts
of the loom are arranged as shown and described in the Specification of
the herein-before first mentioned Letters Patent. I have not thought it
necessary to give a face view of the cam g, as such will be readily under-
stood by a competent mechanic, a double-nosed cam being employed
to operate the needles or weft insertors a, a¹, simultaneously. By these
means the eye of each needle or weft inserter a, a³, will be caused to
enter and leave the shed in the path of a portion of a circle the diameter
of which will be determined by the length from the centre of the
axes e, e¹, to the centre of the pin joints c, c¹. Instead, however, of
operating the needle bars as before described a somewhat similar motion
may be obtained by giving a to-and-fro motion to the needle bars, and
causing them to be guided at their ends, and, if desired, at intermediate
parts by studs or projections travelling in or upon suitable fixed cams
or guides, as will be readily understood. Or, instead of causing the
needles or weft insertors to travel in the path of a circle, a somewhat
similar result may be obtained by causing them to travel in a rectangular
or other course, the first portion of their motion being towards the reed
and the last towards the work beam, the motion in all cases being so
arranged as to bring the last pick close up to the line of work. These
motions may be communicated to the needle bars by means of cams-
acting upon levers connected thereto, a cam or cams and lever or levers
being employed to give motion to the needle bars b, 61, in a direction
to and from the reed, and another cam or cams and lever or levers
being employed to give motion to the needle bars b, b', to cause their
needles a, a', to pass to and fro through the open shed.

page_text: Figure 4 is a plan of a needle or weft insertor constructed according
to the second part of my Invention, by reference to which it will be scen
that I dispense with the holes in each weft needle or insertor shown in
Figure 2 of the Drawings accompanying the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to me dated 7th October 1869, No. 2914, and instead
thercof I form a hole through the breadth of the said weft needles or
insertors, by which means the weft is shielded in its passage through
the warp, and all friction thereon prevented.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which the same may be carried into effect, I would have it understood
that what I do claim is,--
First. The modes herein described of operating the needles a, a¹, and
needle bars b, b', whereby the advantages of a rotary motion are obtained,
whilst I am enabled to dispense with the use of a separate axis of motion
and pinion and rack for each needle, substantially as hercin shown and
described.
And, secondly. I claim the mode hercin described of constructing weft
insertors or needles, substantially as shown and described with respect
to Figure 4.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Carter Ramsden, have hereunto a
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
described.
And, secondly. I claim the mode hercin described of constructing weft
insertors or needles, substantially as shown and described with respect
to Figure 4.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Carter Ramsden, have hereunto 20
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
JOHN CARTER RAMSDEN. (L.S.) ·