Improvements relating to Apparatus Used in the Process of Breaking and Bleaching Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Feb.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Apparatus Used in the Process of Breaking
and Bleaching Fibrous Materials.
We, BENJAMIN CAWTHORN, Foreman Paper Maker, of Ford Paper Works,
Hylton, R.S.O., and JAMES PORTEUS CORNETT, of Claxheugh near Sunderland,
both in the County of Durham, Paper Mill Manager, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements relating to apparatus used in the
process of breaking and bleaching fibrous materials.
4.
To effect our purpose we may readily apply our improvements to existing
Hollander" engines or we may construct a vat or tank or chest or one or more of
them for the purpose as desired and as foreshadowed herein.
In applying our improvements to existing engines we remove the roll and plate
and to the plate orifice or its equivalent we connect a pump or elevator or equivalent
machine which withdraws the contents of the vat or engine and delivers it again at
a suitable level or head so as to promote adequate circulation agitation and constant
exposure of fresh surfaces of fibre to the bleaching agent or liquor in the vat or
engine.
The pump may preferentially be of the centrifugal or other like type and in the
case of a vat or engine being constructed for the purpose certain divisional walls
or feathers or the equivalent thereof may be arranged in suitable positions and
inclinations in connection with the engine to provide for a suitable circulation
propulsion agitation and bleaching of the material which may thus be effected with
a great saving in motive power and in bleaching material.
Dated this 21st day of March 1894
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.
Improvements relating to Apparatus Used in the Process of Breaking
and Bleaching Fibrous Materials.
We, BENJAMIN CAWTHORN, Foreman Paper Maker, of Ford Paper Works,
Hylton, R.S.O., and JAMES PORTEUS CORNETT, of Claxbeugh near Sunderland
both in the County of Durham, Paper Mill Manager, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements relating to apparatus used in the
process of breaking and bleaching fibrous materials.
To effect our purpose we may readily apply our improvements to existing
"Hollander" engines or we may construct special vats or tanks for the purpose as
desired.
In applying our improvements to existing engines we remove the roll and plate
and to the plate orifice or its equivalent we connect a pump or elevator or equivalent

page_text: machine which withdraws the contents of the vat and delivers it or them again at a
suitable level or head so as to promote adequate circulation, agitation and constant
exposure of fresh surfaces of fibre to the bleaching agent or liquor in the vat or
engine.
The pump may preferentially be of the centrifugal or other like type and in the
case of a vat or engine being constructed for the purpose certain divisional walls or
feathers or the equivalent thereof may be arranged in suitable positions and
inclinations in connection with the engine to provide for a suitable circulation,
propulsion, agitation, and bleaching of the material which may thus be effected with
a great saving in motive power and in bleaching material.
We will describe our improvements with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which Figure 1 shows a plan view and Figure 2 a side view of an ordinary
"Hollander" engine in which the roll and plate are removed.
It will be observed that to the side of the vat where the orifice for the plate is
situated we attach the suction pipe of a centrifugal pump P the delivery pipe P¹
from which we carry upwards to deliver at D over the top of the ordinary back-
fall B of the engine.
The fibrous material together with the bleaching liquor in the vat is thus caused
to be circulated and propelled round and round the midfeather M of the engine by
the action of the pump P which also has the effect of thoroughly agitating and
breaking the fibre and by its constant exposure to the bleach the fibre is more
throughly bleached and with less power and bleaching material than has hitherto
been the case.
The vat may be fitted inside with guiding feathers or walls F to direct the course
of the material therein both to the pump and therefrom as indicated in the
drawings.
The plate-bed S it will be observed thus serves as a conduit leading to the pump-
suction-pipe.
It will be obvious that although we have described our invention more especially
as applied to a "Hollander vat or engine, we may construct a special vat for the
purpose.
We find that in the adaptation of old engines, the walls F may economically be
constructed in cement concrete but in constructing new vats we may cast these walls
with the vat and adapt their form as well as the form of the plate-bed to the specific
purposes required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improved apparatus for breaking and bleaching fibrous materials consisting
in the combination with a "Hollander" engine or vat having a midfenther M from
which the roll and plate have been removed of a pumping machine whose suction is
connected to the plate orifice in the side of the vat and whose delivery delivers over
the backfall, the several parts being arranged, combined and adapted to operate
substantially as and for the purposes herein described and illustrated in the
drawings.
2. The improved apparatus for breaking and bleaching fibrous materials consisting
in the combination with a vat having a midfeather M auxiliary feathers F and
backfall B of pumping or circulating machinery P P arranged to operate on the
vat contents substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 21st dow of Donamhov 1901
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.