Improvements in Pipe Joints.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1889
* Complete ‘Specification Left, 29th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 3rd May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe Joints.
ARTHUR RAMSDEN Surveyor & Engineer, Vestry Hall, Chiswick, London W. :do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be.as follows:-
The moulding or casting of rings or bands or projecting guides of a suitable hard
substance on certain parts of pipe joint desoribed in Specifications of. Letters Patent
No. 16272 dated 11th December 1886 for the better regulating the spaces between the
internal parts of said joint and keeping the tongue of the one pipecin a central position
with respect to the annular groove of the other pipe. when the pipes are pushed into
each other.
These improvements relate to a pipe joint described..in the Specifications (of the
Letters Patent No. 16272 dated 11th Dec. 1886, granted to Arthur Ramsden Surveyor &
Civil Engineer Vestry Hall Chiswick London W.
These present improvements relate more particularly to the better regulating of the
spaces between the sides of the tongue or spigot on the one end of the pipe & the sides
of the annular groove on the other or opposite end of the pipe, when the pipes are
joined together. It is found that the application of, or dressing of, clay, or other soft
plastic material in the angles between the faces of the outer & inner flanges, & .the
inner & outer side of the base of the spigot or tongue does not, owing to the
yielding nature of the dressing sufficiently ensure regularity of space between
the internal parts of the joint or that the pipes. are concentric with each other
when pushed home. To ensure the regularity referred to I mould or cast on
the spigot-end of the pipe a ring, or band, or a number of small projecting guides
of any hard suitable substance in the angles between the faces of the outer &
inner flanges, and the outer and inner side of the base of the tongue of the end
of pipe; and I also mould or cast on the socket-end.a similar ring or band, or number
of projecting guides on the inside of both of the walls of, and at the entrance to, the
annular groove, so that when the tongue or projection of the one pipe is pushed into the
annular groove of the other the rings, bands or projecting guides keep the body, or
continuation, of the tongue free from & in a central position with respect ito the walls
of the walls of the annular groove.and afford regular spaces.round the tongue for the
liquid cement or other luting.
The rings or bands or projecting guides may be cast integral with, & be of the
same material as the body of, the pipe or may be moulded upon & be of different
material to the body of the pipe.
Dated this 29th day of May 1889.
ARTHUR
RAMSDEN,
Vestry Hall," Chiswick, London, W.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe Joints.
I ARTHUR RAMSDEN of the Vestry Hall Chiswick, in the county of Middlesex
England Civil Engineer and Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of 'this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 'to be particularly described
and ascertained in and 'by the following statement :-
My.invention refers to improvements in sewer and other pipe joints in-com-
bination with a particular form of tongue and groove joint described in Specifications
of Letters Patent No. 16272 dated December 11.1886 granted to me.
By means of these present improvements the tongue or spigot of the one pipe is

page_text: maintained free from, and in a central position with respect to the walls of the
groove of the other pipe when the pipes are put together; and the liquid cement or
other luting is prevented from flowing round the opposite or both sides of the
chamber of the joint at the same time; and such pipes are laid more expeditiously
and efficiently than hitherto as they can be made quickly air and water-tight, even
in wet and soft ground; the whole process of jointing being performed without the
use of any trowel, or other tool to point, stave or apply the clay cement or other
plastic material used in making such joints; thus removing to a large extent the
risks of defective workmanship especially in the under-parts of such cemented joints
which parts are frequently out of view of and difficult of access to the workmen
when the pipes are laid in trenches of the ordinary width.
These improvements are to be understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings.
When the annular parallel sided tongue or spigot A. Fig. 1 of the one pipe. is
inserted in the annular parallel sided groove B. Fig. 2, of the other pipe I keep
or sustain the tongue free from and in a concentric position with respect to the walls
of the groove and I make the pipes to fit each other tightly so that the internal
parts or lips of the joint are even and I prevent the liquid cement or other luting
from passing into, or out of the pipe, by means of bands rings or rims of any
suitable hard substance moulded or cast in the right angles C. Fig. 1 formed by the
inner and outer annular shoulders, and the base of the tongue; and also around
the end of interior D. Fig. 2. of the walls of the groove; so that when the pipes are
put together the bands rings or rims at the base of the tongue shall impinge or
rest on the bands rings or rims in the groove as at E. Fig. 3 thus forming
within the joint a water-tight chamber F. Fig. 3. in the shape of a parallelogram
into which the liquid cement or other luting is poured through one of the holes G.
Fig. 7 in the walls of the groove and when hard or set grips or keys in the tongue
on all sides and makes a joint of exceptional soundness and strength which is
not liable to be disturbed by settlement of the ground in which it is laid.
The bands rings or rims aforementioned may be moulded integral with and be of
the same material as the body of the pipe or they may be cast on and be of different
material from the body of the pipe.
Or I keep or sustain the tongue of the one pipe free from and in a concentric
position with respect to the walls of the groove of the other pipe by means of one or
... more projecting guides or knobs of any suitable hard substance inside and near the
entrance to the groove as at H. Fig. 5 and in this instance I press or fix while the
pipe is on end a flattened band of rolled clay or other plastic material around the face
of the inner and outer annular shoulders at the base of the tongue I. Fig. 4. the
larger portion or continuation of which tongue is left bare or undressed to come
directly in contact with the liquid cement or other luting poured into the chamber in
the manner already described.
When the tongue is driven into the groove preferably by a bar of iron tapped
against a block of wood at the opposite end of pipe the bands of clay or plastic
material become wedged in a rectangular form I. Fig. 6 between the ends of the
walls of the groove and the shoulders of the tongue leaving in this instance also ample
space round the tongue for the luting.
To prevent the liquid cement or other luting poured in through one of the holes in
the socket running opposite ways round the pipe at the same time and so drive out
the air through the other hole in the process of filling the chamber I mould or fix in
..the interior at the bottom of the groove and midway between the two holes as at K.
Fig. 7 a narrow projection or partition of any suitable substance which abuts against
the end of the tongue at that part when the pipes are driven home forming a barrier
in the space F. Fig. 3. at the end of the tongue.
The projections or projecting guides aforementioned may be moulded on, and be
of the same material as the body of the pipe or they may be fixed on and be of
different material from the body of the pipe,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The particular form of tongue and groove joint, with bands, rings, rims or projections
cast or fixed in the right angles between the inner and outer annular shoulders and
the base of the tongue; and also in the groove substantially as and for the purpose
herein described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of March 1890.