provements in or connected with Valvular Devices for Use in Hydraulic or other Machinery Employing or Worked by Fluids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 7th Apr, 1894--Accepted, 12th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or connected with Valvular Devices for Use in
Hydraulic or other Machinery Employing or Worked by Fluids.
I, EVERARD RICHARD CALTHROP, at present residing at Briar Cottage,
Formby, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:
11
This invention has reference to means used in hydraulic or other fluid pressure
machinery for controlling the flow of liquid (or gas or vapour as the case may be)
through pipes or conduits thereot.
According to this invention the valvular device is so constructed that it passes
liquids in one direction freely, whilst, in the other direction, the flow is restricted.
Thus in hydraulic, or other machinery, by the employment of such a device, by
the restricted flow in one direction, the duration of an operation or part of an
operation, of a machine, or part of a machine, may be regulated or timed; and
according as the restricted opening for flow is larger or smaller so will the time or
duration of operation of the said machine, or part of the machine, be greater or less.
In some cases the restricted flow is rendered variable by providing the aperture
or apertures by which the restricted flow takes place with means of adjustment.
As an example of the application of this invention the duration of the stroke,
or one of the strokes, of a hydraulic ram, or hydraulic press, may be governed,
and caused to be performed within any desired period of time. If the restricted
flow is rendered adjustable as above named the period may be varied at will.
In one form of valvular device under this invention, a lift valve is provided in a
suitable casing with inlet and outlet conduits or pipes. By the lifting of this
valve off its seat by the fluid employed, a free flow takes place past the valve;
whilst, when the flow is taking place in the opposite direction, the valve is pressed
on to its seat, and the flow is restricted to one or more passages of small capacity
through the valve; which, when adjustable, may be more or less opened or closed
by a separate valve or plug, operated by a wheel or other means from outside.
Or, the restricted aperture or apertures may be provided in a part of the case, that
is in a part other than the valve; and when desired may be made adjustable.
In the application of the invention to different purposes, the form and manner of
arrangement thereof will of course be modified or varied to suit or comply with
the varying conditions and purposes of such applications.
Dated this 7th day of July 1893.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Valvular Devices for Use in
Hydraulic or other Machinery Employing or Worked by Fluids.
I, EVERARD RICHARD CALTHROP, at present residing at Briar Cottage,
Formby, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to means used in hydraulic or other fluid pressure
machinery for controlling the flow of liquid through pipes or conduits thereof.
According to this invention, the valvular device is so constructed that it passes

page_text: liquids in one direction freely, whilst, in the other direction, the flow is restricted.
Thus in hydraulic, or other machinery, by the employment of such a device, by
the restricted flow in one direction, the duration of an operation or part of an
operation, of a machine, or part of a machine, may be regulated or timed; and
according as the restricted opening for flow is larger or smaller so will the time or
duration of operation of the said machine, or part of the machine, be greater
or less.
In some cases the restricted flow is rendered variable by providing the aperture
or apertures by which the restricted flow takes place with means of adjustment.
As an example of the application of this invention the duration of the stroke, or
one of the strokes, of a hydraulic ram, or hydraulic press, may be governed, and
caused to be performed within any desired period of time. If the restricted flow
is rendered adjustable, as above named, the period may be varied at will.
In one form of valvular device under this invention, a lift valve is provided in a
suitable casing with inlet and outlet conduits or pipes. By the lifting of this
valve off its seat by the fluid employed, a free flow takes place past the valve;
whilst, when the flow is taking place in the opposite direction, the valve is pressed
on to its seat, and the flow is restricted to cne or more passages of small capacity
the_value_which when adjustable, may be more or less opened or closed
mida Or.
by a separate valve or plug upravo
the restricted aperture or apertures may be provided in a part of the case, that is
in a part other than the valve; and when desired may be made adjustable.
In the application of the invention to different purposes, the form and manner
of arrangement thereof will of course be modified or varied to suit or comply with
the varying conditions and purposes of such applications.
The drawings hereto annexed illustrate valvular devices in modified forms
according to this invention.
Figure 1 is a section through a valvular device wherein the free and the
restricted ways are arranged together, i.e. concentrically, the restricted way being
by an aperture through the free way valve.
Figure 2 is a section through the valvular device wherein the free way, and the
restricted way, are separated. And Figure 3 is a cross section shewing a modified
arrangement of that shewn in Figure 2.
Referring to these drawings, a designates the case in which suitable passages and
parts are disposed. bb' are the passages or ports through which the fluid flows
backwards and forwards through the apparatus. c is the way through which the
liquid flows freely through the apparatus, d being the valve controlling the said
passage. e is the aperture or passage of restricted area, through which the flow of
a volume of liquid passes in a given time at the slower rate, and f the regulating
plug or device by which the aperture e is varied as to area.
In action, assuming, for the purposes of illustration, the device to be applied to a
hydraulic ram for the purposes of limiting the rate of the active or out stroke
thereof, the liquid passes to said ram cylinder by way of the inlet 6', through the
restricted aperture e-it being prevented from passing through the passage c by the
valve d, and thence through the outlet passage to the ram, and accordingly as
the aperture e is smaller or larger, or more or less filled by the adjustable regulating
plug, the volume passing to the ram per unit of time, and the rate of action of said
ram, will be slower or faster, relatively; but under all circumstances will be relatively
slow with the return action of such ram in virtue of the unrestricted return flow
of the liquid in passing back from the ram through the passage c. In passing
through the passage c, the free way is obtained by the valve d being lifted off its
seat by the flow of liquid; and when the return stroke is complete, the valve d
is pressed back onto its seat by the spring d¹, the closed position being the
normal one.
a
The adjustment or regulation of the passage e is effected by revolving the
spindle of the plug in one direction or the other; this spindle having
threaded part f, causes the plug to be moved up or down. In the construction

page_text: shewn in Figure 1 the restricted passage e is provided in the valve d, i.e. through
the centre thereof.
With regard to the modification shewn in Figure 2, in this case the apertures c
and e are not concentric, as in Figure 1, but are arranged in different parts of the
casing a, as separate apertures or conduits; the aperture e having a regulating
plugin connection with it, and the aperture c having the valve d working in it.
The action in this case is precisely similar to that set forth with reference to
Figure 1, except that the flow in one direction passes from the passage b' through
the restricted aperture e to the outlet passage b, and in the reverse action, flows
from through the free passage c, past the valve d, to the passage b².
The modification shewn in Figure 3 is adapted to regulate the rate of flow of
liquid, as to volume, in passing through the device in either direction; the form of
device shewn being according to that shewn in Figure 2. In this case, besides the
passage c having a non-return valve d, to regulate the return flow through such
passage, it is provided with a regulating spindle c', the plug at the end of which is
adapted to be moved into the upper end of said passage and close it more or less;
whilst in connection with the passage e a non-return valve e is provided
in addition to the adjustable plug f, whereby the return of liquid by way of said
passage e is prevented under all circumstances. By this construction and means,
the rate of flow in either direction, may be regulated or differentiated in either
direction, so as to give a differential rate of movement of the hydraulically moved
part either in moving in the one direction or the other, at will.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
-
1. In or in connection with machinery worked by or operating upon a liquid, the
employment on the pipe or conduit by which the liquid is conveyed to and from a
cylinder thereof, or an equivalent part, of a valvular device or devices constructed
and adapted to cause or allow a differential rate of flow of liquid to take place in
passing to and away from said cylinders, or other part, whereby the opposite
strokes of the moving portion of such apparatus are performed at a differential
rate of speed; operating substantially as in the manner herein described.
2. Valvular devices constructed substantially as set forth with reference to and
shewn in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3, respectively, by which a differential
rate of flow of liquid to and from hydraulic machinery through the pipe or conduit
by which such flow takes place, and a differential rate of movement of the moving
parts of such machinery, is effected.
Dated this 6th day of April 1894.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.