IMPROVEMENTS ON ELECTRO-DYNAMIC APPARATUS FOR KEEPING OFF THIEVES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Dr. Otto Burg and August Schiebel, of Berlin,-
in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturers, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS ON ELECTRO-DYNAMIC APPARATUS FOR KEEPING OFF
THIEVES."
Sealed the 31st March 1871, and dated the 6th October 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Otto Burg and August
Schiebel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th October 1870.
We, Dr. OTTO BURG and AUGUST SCHIEBEL, of Berlin, in the
Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS ON ELECTRO-DYNAMIC APPARATUS FOR
KEEPING OFF THIEVES," to be as follows:-
A peculiar combination of locks, pipes, apparatuses, receptacles, and
other parts produces an absolutely safe lock that defies every thief. The
latter on setting to work unconsciously forwards despatches as to where

page_text: he is breaking in to a constant watch station. The despatch appears in
conventional characters on the house apparatus. The connection of all
apparatuses of one house or room with other houses, and finally with the
watch station, is attained by four conductions, which I call 1st, 2nd, 3rd,
and 4th. The 1st flows through the apparatuses, locks, and contacts of
the house or apartments; any interruption of the same which must take
place in breaking in by burglars or others will close the 3rd conduction,
and the watch station receives a despatch; 2 and 4 are attended to by
the watchman at the station, and serve to separate the despatches when
several robberies are undertaken at one and the same time. The con-
ducting wires are encased in protecting pipes; all the apparatus, locks,
and other parts in the house or apartments are in safety receptacles or
presses. In every house or lodging communicating with the watch
station there is an apparatus, the signalizer, and despatch regulator. The
said apparatus is chiefly composed of wheelwork, a sign disk, a revolving
arm, anchors, a weight, and a revolving joint lever. When the appa-
ratus is at rest previous to the commission of burglary the first anchor is
attracted by one of the electro-magnets, the wheelwork wound up and
arrested by a pin, which holds a flyer. The joint lever is so adjusted to
the escapement wheel as to allow the latter to work freely. The locks,
doors, and other parts are so inserted that upon any attempt at burglary
an interruption will ensue. An interruption of the 1st conduction will
cause the first anchor to fall from its electro-magnet, the wheelwork no
longer impeded will be driven by the weight, and the sign disk will be
moved; the latter will close the 3rd conduction by means of a key, the
writing lever at the station is attracted by the electro-magnets, and the
watchman gets a despatch. The same moment that the writing lever is
attracted the watchman supplies the 2nd conduction with a current by
turning another key. The watchman closes and opens in quick suc
cession by another key the 4th conduction. The fourth anchor of the
apparatus will be thereby attracted by its electro-magnet, and fall off,
an oscillating motion is imparted to the joint lever. The escapement
wheel decreases the rapidity of the sign disk. An edge is fixed to the
latter, and this edge acts on a pin and subsequently pushes it to the left;
this pin will bring the second anchor in nearer contact with its electro-
magnet. The 4th anchor is in a like manner removed from its electro-
magnet; the latter loses its influence on the fourth anchor, whereas the
2nd electro-magnet will now hold fast its anchor. When the 2nd anchor
is attracted the wheelwork can move without any hindrance.

page_text: In one arrangement of our Invention we place four signals and
despatch regulators together, consequently burglary being committed at
one and the same time in two different rooms is detected. On the first
movement of the writing lever at the station the watchman closes
the 2nd conduction with a key, whilst he closes and opens in rapid
succession the 4th conduction by another key. The watchman waits
until the despatch has come quite clear. As soon as the despatch has
been taken down the watchman waits till the last sign has appeared, and
opens for a moment the 2nd conduction. The effect of this operation
must be as follows:-Shortly after the last tooth of the disc has passed
by the first key the edge will stand so as to allow the pin driven by the
spiral to fall. The second electro-magnets, no longer influenced by the
current, do not keep their anchor attracted, the latter will shortly fall off,
and in the next moment the 4th anchor will be attracted by its electro-
magnet, as it has now approached. The wheelwork is impeded by the
escapement wheel. If the watchman now again opens and closes
alternately the 4th conduction two of the apparatuses will communicate
with the station.
The separation of several despatches arriving simultaneously by means
of the despatch regulator is thus explained :-The third current proceeds
from the battery over the third electro-magnets, the first apparatus, to the
second apparatus and a holdfast, and as the latter does the writing from
this holdfast over the key and the earth plate back to the apparatus, while
the conduction of the holdfast of the second apparatus is led to the holdfast
of the third apparatus. The first current proceeds from the battery to
the first apparatus, over holdfasts and electro-magnets to the second
apparatus, and as the conduction is interrupted it returns to the battery.
We use a safe or receptacle which besides holding valuables serves to
receive the signalizer and despatch regulator above described. In the
wall there are safety cases arranged for the conduction lock and inter-
polating apparatus. The wall and the door are protected against robbers
by a hydrostatical railing. The four conductors above alluded to are
wrapped in protecting pipes laid from the station to the house or safe.
The door to the room is locked by a ladder lock, which is not fixed in,
but is at the side of the door in the safety case, which is inserted into
the wall of the room so that the back wall of the case shews level with
the interior wall of the room. On the room side there are pushers,
interrupters, and a part of the bolt of the ladder lock, the dial plate or

page_text: On
face to the interpolating apparatus, the hammer, and the arm.
the passage side there is a disc with the handle to the interpolating
apparatus, and the keys, the knobs, and the coating adjusted behind a
hook for the keyhole of the ladder lock, and a string which com-
municates with the hammer. The bolt of the ladder lock moves on a
pin. On the door to be locked the bolt is laid hold of by a tail. A
catch spring enters a slit in the front part of the bolt. To allow the
door of the room to be locked from the passage there are knobs. These
knobs being pressed down will release the latch. The bolt in locking
one door will likewise lock other doors of the room and of the safety
case. The locking is effected in the following manner:-The first door
is first shut, then the second door, which folds over the former. The
latter is furnished with a catch, and the third door with another catch.
These catches lie in the incision of the bolt on the doors of the safety
case being shut, but when the bolt is moved the catches prevent the
opening of the doors. To allow the bolt to be moved a click is arranged
to stop in a second incision of the ladder. The ladders are lowered by a
pusher, and are raised by the keys. The clicks regulate the positions of
the ladders. A. spring drives the pusher up a cog in going, and revolving
will glide by a step, which impedes it, and then be conveyed back to the
position of rest by the weight of the rear end of the cog. When the
ladder is inserted the pusher is turned by a handle, so that the spring
lies on a flat part, the cog is outside of the steps, the ladder moved by
the keys can now pass freely upward. On lowering the ladder by the
pusher the opposite cog of the keys struck by a step of the ladder and
revolving causes another step to descend. The ladders are raised by the
keys.
As above stated, the keys in the case face the passage, the
handles of the pushers and the handles of the interrupters lie free facing
the room on the doors being opened. The latter serve to interrupt the
current, which would if the angles were lying on the holdfasts find a
passage. The insertion of the ladders by the keys will consequently not
only place the former so as to allow the bolt to pass upward, but the
conductor between the holdfasts will be thereby restored. When the
bolt is in the rundle and the conduction broken by the interrupters the
current will take its course to a spring, thence over a metal border in
lying isolated on the bolt to the rundle, from here over a metal piece
lying isolated in the latter to the isolated metal border to a disk. This
is the only way now left for the current; any interruption or movement
of the bolt would tear a border from the metal piece and interrupt the
.

page_text: with
conduction. The key will not only extract the bolt from the rundle, but
it admits, first, of any alteration of the locking arrangement, and;.
secondly, a despatch will be called forth on any one trying to open
a key that does not fit very accurately. The door having been locked,
the knobs pressed or pulled, the pin is inserted into the keyhole, and at
the same time the coating is pushed behind the hook. The metal disk is
hereby pressed upon a holdfast; and at the same time the key bit is
thrust behind the latch. By pressing down the interrupters the current
is forced to flow over the bolt and holdfasts. Should any intruder
remove the coating for the purpose of inserting any instrument into the
lock the disk would be detached, the stream would be stopped, and the
despatch forwarded. The legitimate owner, however, after having
produced the course for the current might remove the coating. By
introducing a stem the incisions of which exactly fit the elevation of a
spindle as well as by a simultaneous motion to the left of a brass
pipe, the latch is pushed aside, and the obstacle removed. Borders are
so arranged as to correspond inversely with the steps formed by the
borders on the key. On inserting the key pins attached to the one set
of borders do not touch the opposite pins, but there is a small space
between them. If a key that did not fit most accurately were now to be
inserted, or if for the purpose of making a pick-lock one or the other
border were to be pushed back to measure the length one pin would be
pressed upon another, and thus send a despatch as the current passes to
the battery. The owner of the key can alter it as desired by screwing off
a ring or altering the position of the borders. The safety receptacle is
closed by a self-acting bolt lock, and it lies in the power of the proprietor
to see the lock open in a minute or in an hour. The lock is not attached
to the door, but is at its side inside the safe. In the door there is a pin,
which on shutting the door will lift a latch out of an incision in the
bolt. A disk is drawn round by a weight and the lateh is lifted. The
latter hereby becomes free, and the weight will now set a wheel agoing,
the latter driving the bolt into the staple. An arm fixed to the bolt will
catch the latch, then the said latch eannot fall down into the cogs of the
bolt until the latter is wholly thrust into the staple. The disk will by
this time have turned round so far that the latch has fallen into the
incision. On opening the door the pin in the door lifts the latch out of
the incision, and the disk revolves until the latch falls. If the lock is to
be opened the current coursing round the electro-magnets is stopped, the
fifth anchor lifted by the spring will fall, the flyer is disengaged, and the

page_text: weight begins to drive the wheelwork, the revolutions of which are
retarded by a check. On the arbor of a string wheel which passes
through the bolt there are two cogs. On the wheelwork being set
agoing the two cogs begin to revolve, one cog will lift the latch, and the
other cog will pull the bolt backward and out of the staple; at the same
time the wheel is revolved backward by the rack of the holt, and the
weight wound up. There is another weight previous to whose running
completely down the fifth anchor is moved to the electro-magnets, and
the current meantime closed will be able to attract and hold fast the
said anchor. The bolt on having been wholly drawn out of the staple
will have pushed a spring to a holdfast, and a way will thus be opened
for the current. As previously stated, the lock comes into action by the
current which encircles the electro-magnets being interrupted. The
interruption of the current, however, has no further effect than that
the wheelwork influenced by the hook-check effects the withdrawal of
the bolt slowly. If the lock is to be opened quickly the sixth electro-
magnets are furnished with current; the sixth anchor thereby attracted,
presses with the lever against the tappet of the hook, and thus releases
the latter from the escapement wheel. The wheelwork will now run
rapidly down, and thus effect a speedy withdrawal of the bolt.
To render it impossible for any intruder to conduct the current to
these electro-magnets an interpolating apparatus is provided. Inside
the safe there are three rows of metal pieces, two rows of which are
combined by springs, and two rows supplied with stopple holes. The
middle row determines the number of sledges requisite for interpolating.
If a metallic conjunction is produced, previous to shutting the safe,
it will be the second sledge alone which can lead the current over the
sixth electro-magnets. Any other sledge being touched, not only a
despatch is forwarded but the self-acting bolt lock would only shut
slowly, and the current no longer find a way over the said electro-magnets.
The interpolating apparatus is inside the safe, and only the handle
outside, iron plates are united to one wall of the safe. The sledge is
moveable in its beds to the right or left by the handle. A metal plate
at the sledge will produce a metallic connection between metal pieces
and the current can flow over the said metallic plate and the sixth
electro-magnets. If any intruder tried to supply a current to these
electro-magnets a despatch would not only be sent on but the conduction.
would be continually interrupted. The whole apparatus when placed in

page_text: the safety receptacle is secured from violent destruction by the plates of
the case. A wooden ring has on it brass rings cut through and the ends
bent down to communicate with the holdfasts. Inserted in this ring
and revolvable by a handle there is another wooden ring and in the latter
a disk. Springs with metal pieces arranged in the form of a ring on the
inner wooden ring form a metallic conjunction for the current. The
ring is left open at one part. The current coming from the battery
would enter, the ring, flow through it up to the spring over the rings
and return to the battery.. A spring extends from a stock on the wooden
ring to the brass ring, the current on the door being opened would flow
from the battery to the stock and back to the battery. The position of
the lever will show that the door has been excluded from the con-
duction to the station. Inserted eccentrically in the disk is a wooden
cylinder. On the long arm of the lever there is a plate over a hole in
the cylinder. This latter is revolvable, consequently a hand can be set
on lines of division. The wood ring being turned the hole will likewise
be carried round, the hand, on which there are letters, and which is
attached to the handle will course round in front of the dial plate.
Facing the passage there is a cogged glass cylinder revolvable by a
handle, 8. holes pass through the cylinder. In each hole a displaceable
wooden pin is inserted. If the wooden cylinder is so adjusted that the
hand fixed to it stands on the line its hole will run under the holes
of the glass cylinder in the 2nd circle. The lever being separated from
the wood cylinder the hook spring will grasp, the lever and hold it back,
the door is interpolated and may be opened without despatching. To
interrupt the current flowing round the fifth electro-maguets of the self-
acting bolt lock or to transfer it to the sixth magnets, there is an arm
revolvable on a holdfast over which the current passes. This arm lies
in the safety case facing the room and the hammer is pressed by a cog
on another holdfast. A string is attached to the latter which leads
through the case to the passage and is covered by the door. The
string being pulled and the cog thus lifted, the hammer driven by a
spring will fall and the conduction is stopped, whereas the current
when the hammer lies on the holdfast will have a passage on the room
door opening without applying the interpolating apparatus. The pro-
tecting pipe is composed of two pipes united at the ends. A space
between them communicates with a vessel, filled with glycerine in which
a weight swims, that stands in connection with a spring. The con-
ducting wires lie within this space, Should the protecting pipe be

page_text: A
injured for the purpose of gaining access to the wires, the glycerine
would run out, the weight would fall and detach the spring; the
conduction would be thereby interrupted. The safety case has two
walls made of iron plate which are so connected to the protecting
pipe of the conduction that the walls of the case run together with
those of the protecting pipe with the roof of the safety case, the double
armed safety contact is united by the pipe that leads downward and
terminates in a cupola, the feet of the latter are surrounded by an open
glass vessel from which extend vertical pipes. The cupola closes the
vessel by pressing an india-rubber cap upon the vessel. The india-
rubber cap simultaneously separates the inner space of the cupola from
the inner space of the glass vessel. The tubes are closed by the india-
rubber plates with a disk between them, pins fixed therein reach into
the tubes and communicate with the conducting wires. The space
between the walls of the protecting pipe and safety case is filled with
glycerine, and as the cupola communicates with this space it will
likewise fill with glycerine above the india-rubber cap whereas the
space beneath the cap and the tubes are filled with mercury.
metallic connection is thereby produced between the pins. At the
door of the case there is a double arm, the pins which enter the mercury
do not communicate with the conduction but terminate in springs,
which when the doors are closed press against holdfasts. If the door
is closed the current will find a passage. Should the door be opened
the current would in consequence be interrupted. The door has two
walls, the space between them and the pipe with the cupola is in a like
manner filled with glycerine and mercury. If any damage is done to
the protecting pipe or case in order to get at the wires the effect of the
loss of glycerine will first become perceptible in the pipe of the case, as
the highest point of the protecting pipe. As soon as the glycerine over
the pipe escapes the mercury will lift the india-rubber cap.
mercury falling within the tubes will be freed from the pins and the
conduction thereby interrupted. The same result would happen if the
door of the case were to be perforated or bored through. The above
double armed contacts are adjusted in the safety case for the ladder
lock and interpolating apparatus as well as in the safe. We use a
hydrostatic railing made of iron tubes, a glass tube is placed in the
iron pipe and hermetically closed, a piece of iron fixed to the wall of
the pipe keeps the glass tube from mounting. Fixed upon the iron
pipe is a brass cylinder, the edge of an india-rubber cap lies on a pro-
The

page_text: jecting adjoint piece on the edge; it is closed by india-rubber plates;
and an isolated brass plate. The space between the walls of the glass
cylinder and the india-rubber plate above the india-rubber cap is filled.
with mercury into which pins dip. These pins terminate in springs,
that lie towards metal pieces, which latter communicate with the wires.
The current will thus find a road from one pin to the other. If any
pipe of the railing is divided the loss of glycerine will first produce an
empty space under the india-rubber cap, and the current will be stopped.
Any bending of the iron pipe would produce a similar effect. The
hydrostatic railing might be removed to enable the thief to break
through the wall without interrupting the conduction. To prevent this
on the walls of the hydrostatic railing a metal plate is fixed isolated
from the same; springs that communicate with the wires repose on the
metal plate. The current will flow over the spring and metal plate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Otto Burg and August Schiebel in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 6th April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Dr. OTTO
BURG and AUGUST SCHIEBEL, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia,
Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-fourth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself,. Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Dr. Otto Burg and August Schiebel, Her
special licence that we, the said Dr. Otto Burg and August Schiebel,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Dr. Otto Burg and August Schiebel, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS ON ELECTRO-DYNAMIC
APPARATUS FOR KEEPING OFF THIEVES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Dr. Otto Burg and August Schiebel, our executors or

page_text: administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands, and seals, should. particularly describe and ascertain the.
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date 5
of the said Letters. Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Dr. Otto Burg and August
Schiebel, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had 1
to the accompanying Drawings. forming a part of this Specification:-
Electro-dynamic guard against thieves, a contrivance to put doors and
openings of any class, lodgings, houses, single receptacles as wardrobes,
as well as any closed space under an, absolutely safe lock.
A combination of peculiarly combined locks, pipes, apparatuses, 1
receptacles,, etc. produces an absolutely safe lock that defies burglary.
The burglar on setting to work unconsciously forwards despatches as.
to where he is breaking in to a constant watch station. The despatch.
appears in conventional characters upon the Morse apparatus. The
connection of all apparatuses of one house, room, etc., with other houses 2
and finally with the watch station is attained by four conductions, which
I call o¹ (reposing current) 02, 03, 04, (working current.) o¹ flows
through the apparatuses, locks, and contacts of the lodgings. Any
interruption of the same which must take place in, breaking in (by
burglary or picklock) will close conduction o³ and the watch station 2
gets a despatch. 02 and o* are attended to by the watchman at the
station, and serve to separate the despatches when several robberies are
undertaken at one and the same time. The conducting wires are.
encased in projecting pipes, all the apparatuses, locks, etc. in the.
lodgings are also in safety receptacles or presses. The construction of 3
the protecting pipes, safety receptacles, and cases will be subsequently
described. Any damage they may sustain will inevitably call forth a
despatch.
In every lodging communicating with the watch station there is an
apparatus, the signalizer, and despatch regulator. The apparatus is 3
chiefly composed of wheelwork, (sce Figure 1), the sign disk R is
fixed to the prolonged pivot n of the string wheel, the arm H revolves
round the pin i, to which the anchor A, pin t, and the platina pin o are

page_text: attached, (the weight G serves to tear off the anchor A,) further off is a
joint lever revolvable round a pin 2, on which there is the cog c,
anchors A¹ and A³, of the electro-magnets E, E, E¹, E³, and the
resistance W. The apparatus is represented when at rest previous to
burglary. The anchor A is attracted by the electro-magnet E, E, the
wheelwork wound up and impeded by the pint which holds the fly w.
The cog c and the joint lever is so adjusted to the escapement wheel / as
to allow the latter to revolve freely. The locks, doors, etc. are inserted
in that part of the conduction situated between holdfast and ², so
that upon any entrance being made an interruption will consequently
ensue in this part of the conduction, just so when the protecting pipes
inside and outside of the room are damaged, as will be subsequently
shewn. An interruption of the conduction o' between and must
cause the anchor A to fall from the electro-magnet E, E, lever H with
the pin o will then fall upon the holdfast, pin t will no longer impede
the wheelwork, the latter driven by the weight G¹ will now likewise
move the sign disk R, which latter together with the teeth a b will
close the induction os between the holdfast 2, 3, by means of the
key S, the writing lever at the station is attracted by the electro-
magnets E, E, and the watchman gets a despatch. The same moment
that the writing lever is attracted the watchman supplies the conduc-
tion o² with current by turning the key S³. The electro-magnet E¹
ought now to attract the anchor A', which however is not the case, as
the latter stands too far from the former. The watchman closes and
opens in quick succession by key S¹, the conduction o*, the anchor A³
of the apparatus will thereby be attracted by the electro-magnet E³ and
fall off, an oscillating motion is thus imparted to the joint lever, and
cogc by the escapement wheel thus allows but one cog to pass after the
other, and thereby decreasing the rapidity of the course of the wheelwork
and sign disk R. The edge r is fixed to the latter, which is so adjusted
to the teeth a that when the latter have quite passed the key S, the
edger with the slant will strike the pin n and subsequently push it to
the left, the pin 12 will thus touch the joint lever and bring the latter
and consequently the anchor A¹ in nearer contact with the electro-
magnet E¹, just as the anchor A' is brought near the electro-magnet E¹,
anchor A³ is in a like manner removed from the electro-magnet E³.
The latter loses its influence on anchor A³, whereas the electro-magnet E¹
will attract and hold fast anchor A¹. When anchor A¹ is attracted the
wheelwork is no longer influ need by cog c, and can dispatch without

page_text: any hindrance; Figure 2 shews a plan of four signalizers and, dispatch
regulators A, B, C, D, in various positions. In apparatus A. the con-
duction of is not. interrupted, the arm H therefore- lies attracted, the
wheelwork being stopped, and pin o. is off the holdfast. The joint
lever alone shews an altered position. to. Figure 1. Conduction of has
been closed by the watchman by means of key s¹; the anchor a³ has
been attracted by the electro-magnet E³; and the cog c lies between two
cogs of the escapement wheel 7. The tooth a stands far from key's,
and the slant of the edge r far from pin n. If the conduction o'
apparatus A. were now interrupted the first action of the signalizer and
dispatch regulator would be to alter the position as is shewn in ap-
paratus D. Arm. His about to fall off, the wheelwork becomes free
and runs on until the cog c stops the escapement wheel and consequently
the wheelwork. Anchor A³ is attracted. The arm H is going to fall off,
pin o has not yet reached the holdfast. The tooth a stands near the
key 8, the slant of the edge r a little further from the pin n. Tho
apparatus C displays in the above latter parts another different position.
The first tooth of the sign disk has already passed the key S, the second
tooth stands near the key S and the slant v touches the pin n The
conduction o¹ of this apparatus is interrupted and causes the arm H to
fall off; pin o lies in the holdfast ³, anchor as is attracted, and the cog e
impedes the escapement wheel 1, apparatus B finally shews a totally
altered position. Anchor a³ has dropped, anchor A' is attracted by the
electro-magnet E', the slant of the edge, and finally the latter itself
has by means of the pin n neared the anchor A¹ up to the point of
attraction of the electro-magnet E¹, the cog c has thus been removed
from the escapement wheel Z. The wheelwork is free and can run on
unimpeded tooth a has passed the key s, tooth b now closes the con-
duction o³ by the key s. Consequently the apparatus B will now supply
the station with a dispatch.
In the different positions of the four apparatuses it is to be seen that
the conduction o³ of the apparatuses B and C were simultaneously closed
by the tooth a, thus shewing that burglary was being committed at onc
and the same time in two different rooms.
On the first movement of the writing lever at the station the watch-
man closed the conduction of with the key s² whilst he closed and opened
in rapid succession conduction o* by the key s¹. The sign disks of
apparatus B and C moved slowly onwards. The slant of the edge r which

page_text: on the different signalizers stands differently to the tooth a was the first
to reach in apparatus B, the pin n, and pushed by the latter the
anchor A¹ near the electro-magnet E₁ till the former was attracted and
kept by the latter, and E³ could no longer operate on A³. The cog c
could no longer retain the wheelwork of the apparatus B, and running
on freely it soon closed the conduction of the tooth b. The writing
lever at the station was attracted and begins to write. The watchman
now allows key 8¹ to rest by closing conduction o*, he thereby gets all
the other anchors A³ attracted, and waits until the dispatch has come
quite clear. As soon as the dispatch has been taken down the watchman
waits until the last sign has appeared and opens for a moment the
conduction o'. The effect of this operation is as follows, viz., shortly
after the last tooth of the disk R has passed by the key 8, the edge r
will stand so as to allow the pin n driven by the spiral to fall into the
straight cut of r. The electro-magnets E', E', no longer influenced by
the current do not keep the anchor A' attracted, the latter will shortly
fall off, and in the next moment anchor A³ will be attracted by the
electro-magnet E³, as it has now approached. The cog c impedes the
wheelwork of apparatus B by means of the escapement wheel 1, if the
watchman now again opens and closes alternately the conduction o' the
apparatus C and finally apparatus D would dispatch to the station.
The separation of several despatches arriving simultaneously by means
of the dispatch regulator is thus explained. The course of the
currents o² and o*, are plainly indicated, but the currents o¹ and o' will
require an explanation.
Figure 2 represents a systematical plan of the course of the current.
The current o³ proceeds from the battery B³ over the electro-magnets
E, E, of the Morse to apparatus A, holdfast to apparatus B, hold-
fast, and as the latter does the writing from " over keys, k¹³, earth
plate P³ of the apparatus B back to the apparatus, whereas the
conduction of holdfast 2 of the apparatus B is led to holdfast k
of the apparatus C. The current o¹ proceeds from the battery B to the
apparatus A over holdfasts k, k¹, k, l, k³, electro-magnets E, E,
1³, 135, 1³, to the apparatus B, hence from k to k' and as the conduction
is interrupted between and and arm H lies on holdfast in a
like manner as in the apparatus R running on to holdfast ³. Hence
the current in apparatus D goes to holdfast %, but then as the con-
duction is interrupted between and and arm H is going to drop
•

page_text: and has not yet reached holdfast ³, it takes the only way left over k, k³,
resistance W, 137, 1³, k³, 136, along the earth plates P1, P1, back to the
battery.
Figure 3 displays the sketch of a room containing a safety receptacle s p
which besides holding valuables serves to receive the signalizer and
despatch regulator just described. In the wall a b there is the safety
case & g arranged for the conduction, lock, and interpolating apparatus.
The wall a b and the door cd is protected against robbers by an
hydrostatical railing.
Figure 4 represents systematically the hydrostatical railing, protecting
pipes, safety receptacle and case, and the safety contacts which will be
subsequently described. The four conductions above alluded to are
wrapped in protecting pipes laid from the station to 1, where they enter
the house, pass through the cellar, and thence into the room where they
enter the safe at f. The two conductions o², 0%, are conveyed over the
electro-magnets E', E', E³, E³, whence they re-enter the protecting pipe
at and are conducted through the latter to the next apparatus. The
conduction o³ however comes out of the protecting pipe to holdfast /",
whence it returns to the protecting pipe at 7 in order to pass on to the
next apparatus. The conduction which leads from holdfast * to the
earth plate P³ enters at i into a protecting pipe which leads through the
cellar to the earth. The fourth conduction o¹ after having been conveyed
over and enters the protecting pipe at h, which leads it to the
safety contacts & c, & c¹, the contacts c² and c², the safety cases sg,
and sg, thence back again at h into the safe sp, and hence to the
electro-magnets E, E. The conduction now enters the protecting pipe
at and leads from here to the next apparatus or station. The door to
the room is locked by the ladder lock, which is not fixed in but placed
beside the door in the safety case & g which is inserted into the wall of
the room, so that the back wall of the case shews an equal surface with
the exterior, the front wall an equal surface with the interior wall of
the room.
Figures 5 and 6 represent the safety case with open doors; Figure 6
view from the room; Figure 5 view from the passage. On the room side
there are the pushers A*, D*, L*, d*, the interrupters A**, D**, L**, d**,
and a piece of the bolt R of the ladder lock, the dial plate or face with
the handle H and the hand Zg, to the interpolating apparatus with
the hammer and the arm. On the passage side there is the lotter

page_text: disk M, with the handle to the interpolating apparatus and the
keys A***, D***, L***, d***, the knobs e, g, and the coating g¹,
adjusted behind the hook for the keyhole of the ladder lock, further
the string which communicates with the hammer H mentioned in
Figure 24. The doors T¹, T2, T3, are closed by the ladder lock on
locking the door of the room for which purpose there are catches
attached to the doors T and T³. The door T is closed by a common lock.
The bolt of the ladder lock, Figures 7 and 8, moves on a pin a.
Figure 7 shews the position of the bolt R when the lock is unlocked; the
bolt has been extracted by the key from the rundle B, which stands in
connection with the hydrostatical railing of the door and turning round
the pin a has been driven upward by the spring f. When the door is to
be locked the bolt R is laid hold of by the tail Z attached to it pulled
back, and then the back part of the bolt lifted till the catch spring / has
caught the slitt cut into the front part of the bolt and the latch b
formed with an angle t has dropped into the incision C cut in the bolt.
Figure 8 shews the back part of the bolt in the above position. When
the latch is lifted out of the incision c the spiral d will drive the
bolt into the rundle B, whereas the slit t will glide under the catch of
the spring h. To be able to lock the door of the room from the passage
there are the knobs e and g. The knob e, Figure 8, being pressed down
will drive the latch out of the incision by a bar, Figure 7, connected to it
and cut obliquely at the end. The bolt is thrust on and into the
rundle B by the spiral d. The knob g is connected to the catch spring h.
On pulling it the catch spring his extracted from the slit t, the bolt
might consequently now open again and is merely prevented by the
rundle B. The bolt R in locking the door of the room likewise locks
the two doors T, T, facing the room and the door T³ positioned towards
the passage of the safety case 8, g. The locking is effected in the
following manner:-The door T¹ is first shut, then the door T² which
folds over the former. The latter is furnished with a catch, and the
door T with another catch. In the position of the bolt R, Figure 8, the
catches lie in the incision of the bolt on the doors of the safety case 8, g,
being shut; but when the bolt r is introduced into the rundle B the
catch gets behind the catch of door T before the bolt, and the doors o
the case are therefore not to be opened.
Figure 9 shows the above position of the bolt in the rundle B as well
no the arrangement of the lock under mission of the nuchow

page_text: Figure 9 shews a longitudinal section of the rundle. If the bolt R was
now turned out of the rundle B by means of the key bit, it ought to turn
upward propelled by the spring fand revolve round and take the position
marked in Figure 7. This action of the bolt is impeded by the ladder
above it and the arms a D, a L, ad, attached to the ladders D¹¹‚L™¸
d. The ladders are to be displaced ad libitum. The position they must
have to allow the bolt to pass freely is equal to the position in which the
ladder L stands, namely, the click p stays in the second incision of the
ladder. The ladders are lowered by the pusher, Figure 10, they are
raised by the keys. The above mentioned clicks p regulate the
positions of the ladders, they keep them in the positions given.
If the ladder, Figure 10, is to be lowered by one step the pusher is
pressed down by means of the handle until the adjoining piece touches
the block; the cog 7 will then have lowered the ladder by one step.
The spring drives the pusher up again, the cog in going up and
revolving round will glide by the step 4 which impedes it, and then
be conveyed back to the position of rest by the heaviness or weight of
the hind end of the cog. The pusher is furnished above the adjoining
piece o with two flats a¹ and a², Figure 10; c is a section; spring f¹ bends
towards flat a³ on the ladder being lowered. When the ladder is
inserted the pusher is turned by the handle, so that the spring of lies
on the flat a¹, the cog is outside of the steps, the ladder moved by
the keys can now pass freely upward. On lowering the ladder by the
pusher the opposite cog u of the key is hit by the step 4° of the ladder
and revolving in ×¹ would take the position marked in Figure 10" and
thus induce the step 4° to go down. The ladders are raised by the keys.
Key A***, Figure 10, being pressed down the two pins D and D₁ at the
opposite end gear under the cog u, the lever H moving in X is lifted
and the cog a raises the ladder by one step. On letting go the key the
lever H moved by spring ƒ³ will return to its place of rest, whereas
the cog u revolving in ×³ will pass by the step that hinders the above
motion; Figure 10° shows the position of the cog u on the lever H
returning to its place of rest. Figure 9 displays the ladder lock void of
the pushers and keys, the bolt R lying in the rundle B, the ladders, that is
االي
to say, A lowered by 2, D¹¹ by 4, d¹¹ by 5 steps, whereas ladder
is not lowered at all. As above stated the keys A***, D***, L***, d***,
in the case sg face the passage, the handles of the pushers A*, D*, L*,d*,
and the handles L**, A**, D**, d**, of the interrupters lie free facing

page_text: the room on the doors being opened. The latter serve to tear the
angles to L, to A, w D, w d, from the holdfasts 25, 26, 27, 28, and thus to
interrupt the current, which coming from the holdfast would, if the
angles w A, w D, w L, w d, were lying on the holdfasts, find a road from
k² over w d, over spirals & p¹ to 2, angle w d, spiral s p³ to k, over
angle w A, spiral s p² to angle w L to holdfast . The angle w d has
been extricated from the holdfast 5 by pressing the knob d**. The
cogd has caught the angle wd and holds it until, by inserting the
ladder all by means of the key d, the pin s d, adjusted above the
ladder & has fetched the cog Z 2 out of the horizontal position.
The angle w d* will then lie on holdfast * again. The insertion of the
ladders by the keys will consequently not only place the former so as to
allow the bolt R to pass upward, but the conduction between the hold-
fasts, k2, 7, 8, will be thereby restored. When the bolt is in the
rundle and the conduction broken in upon by the interrupters between k²³
and the current will take its course from ke over f¹, k³, f³, k³, to k¹³;
hence as the conduction over is interrupted from R¹³ to spring F³,
thence over the metal border m lying isolated on the bolt R to the
rundle B, from here over the metal piece 6 lying isolated in the latter
to the isolated metal border m', spring E*, to the holdfast R", disk S,
and holdfasts 15, 18. This is the only way now left for the current,
any interruption, any movement of the bolt would tear the border m, m³,
from the metal piece and interrupt the conduction; a move at the
coating g¹ would likewise interrupt the conduction between ¹ and k¹³
by the key disc S falling off, as will be subsequently described. An
interruption of the current must likewise ensue, when one of the
ladders should be raised by one step (by means of the keys) higher
than it was lowered by the pusher. If, for instance, the ladder L¹¹
were raised by one step the staff in connection with the ladder would
lift the spring f in rising from k³, and thus produce a stoppage. Let
the current go over 2 by correctly inserting the ladders and the bolt
can be moved by the key without stopping the current.
The key, as shewn drawn to its natural size, Figures 11 to 16, will not

page_text: Figure 11 shows the locking arrangement (section) after turning the
lock. The stem D carries the key bit and turns in the beds g g'. The
door having been locked the knobs g and e, Figure 5, are pressed or
pulled, the pin v slanted at the top is inserted into the keyhole, and at
the same time the coating g¹ is pushed behind the hook x. The metal
disc & attached isolated to the stem D is hereby pressed upon the hold-
fasts, 5, and at the same time the key bit has been thrust behind
the latch h. As will be seen from Figure 9 by pressing down the
interrupters. A**, D**, L**, d**, the current was forced to flow over.
the bolt and holdfasts ¹, 15. Should any intruder previous to paralyzing
the interruption by the ladders remove the coating g₁ for the purpose of
inserting any instrument into the lock the spiral would tear the disc S
from k, k, the stream would be stopped and the despatch forwarded.
The legitimate owner however after having produced the course for the
current, as above described, might remove the coating, and the stem D'
and disc S would thus receive the position marked in Figure 12. The
key bit or web r is still stopped by the latch h, Figure 16. By.
introducing the stem D, Figure 15, the incisions of which exactly fit
the elevations of the stem D', Figure 11, as well as by the simultaneous
motion to the left, subsequently to be described, of the brass pipe b,
Figure 12, by the slant e of the pipe o, and by the angle n moveable
in the beds q³, q³, the latch h is pushed aside, and the obstacle for the
web removed accordingly, Figure 12. The borders a', 6', c¹, stand
opposite to the borders a², 62, c³, that carry the pins m³, m², m³, which
are horizontally moveable in the blocks q*, q³, Figures 13 and 14.
The length of the borders a¹, b¹, c¹, and a², b*, c², is so arranged as to
correspond inversely with the steps formed by the borders a, b, c, on the
key, the longest border in this case a faces the shortest border a¹, con-
sequently the borders a³, &c., a², &c., on the key being inserted will be
positioned as marked in Figure 14, a', b', c', where they lie on a³, b³, c²,
form an even flat.
Figure 14 shews further that on inserting the key the pins m', m², m³,
attached to the borders a², 62, c³, do not touch the opposite pins & 8¹
and 82, but that there is a small space between them. If a key that did
not fit most accurately were now to be inserted, or for the purpose of
making a picklock one or the other border were to be pushed back
to measure the length it is certain that under the greatest precaution in
carrying out the latter manipulation pin m would be pressed upon 8,

page_text: and thus the metal block i fixed to s pushed from 9 and 10; this process
would give origin to a despatch as the current on entering at 9 goes
over i 10, 11, 12, and so to the battery. It is easily to be understood
that the owner of the key can alter it, ad libitum, by screwing off the
ring tz, Figure 14 and 15, altering the borders a, b, c, in their position
to each other, and changing the borders a', 6', c', and a, b, c, accordingly
which is very easily effected.
In the door
catch latch c
The hitherto described lock served to secure the door of the room.
The safety receptacle already alluded to, the construction of which
admits of no violation whatever without calling forth a despatch, and
which will be described later, together with the safety cases is closed
by the self-acting bolt lock &, Figure 17, and it lies in the power of the
proprietor to see the lock open in a minute or in an hour. The lock is
not attached to the door, but beside it inside the safe.
there is the pin a which on shutting the door will lift the
out of the incision o. The disc A to which the cage is fixed is drawn
round by the weight G, and the cage will hereby lift the latch B which
revolves round pin out of the incision of the bolt R. The latter
hereby becomes free, and the weight G will now set the wheel C agoing
and the latter drive the bolt R into the staple S. As soon as the cog e
has lifted the latch B out of the incision of bolt R and the latter driven
by the weight G gone from the right to the left into the staple S, the
arm P fixed to the bolt will catch the latch B by gearing under the pin i
of the latter. Now the latch B cannot fall down and into the cogs of
the bolt until the latter is wholly thrust into the staple S. The pin i
can but now fall down as an incision V in the back of the arm allows
the pin ito pass below. The disc A will by this time have run round so
far that the catch latch d has fallen into the incision o. On opening the
door the slant of the pin 6 in the door lifts the catch latch d-out of the
incision o, the disc A revolves until the latch d falls into o. When
the lock is to be opened the current coursing round the electro-
magnets E, E, is stopped, anchor A* lifted by the spring F will fall off
and the pin t disengage the fly w, and the weight G* begins to drive the
wheelwork, the revolutions of which are retarded by the hook check h.
On the prolonged arbor of the string wheel which passes through the
slit tz of the bolt R there are the two cogs f and g. On the wheel-
work being set agoing the two cogs begin to revolve, the cog ƒ will lift
the latch B by grasping under the adjoint piece a of the latter, and the
1 2

page_text: cog e upon each revolution will pull the bolt R backward by one
cog, and thus extract it out of the staple S at the same time, however
the wheel C is revolved backward by the rack of the bolt and the
weight G¹ thus wound up. When the cog f lifts the latch B the pin i
which when the bolt R lies in the staple S stands under the arm N
would hinder it; for this purpose the arm N is fixed to the bolt R
revolvable round x². Previous to the weight G' running completely
down it will hit and press the lever H down, the rod I is hereby thrust
up erect, the angle R attached to it sets the lever K¹ free, the latter
settles towards the bill i of the catcher L here the lever K' remains till
the angle m of the catch M has been lifted to such a height that the cog I
of the catcher L goes out of the incision v, the lever K³ now quite free is
pressed down by the spring N, and the pin p will thereby move the
anchor A to the electro-magnets E', E', and the current meantime
closed will be able to attract and hold fast the anchor At. The bolt R on
having been wholly drawn out of the staple will have pushed the
spring F¹ by the wooden pin o to holdfast ; holdfast and k“ are
metallically connected and a way thus opened for the current, which is
represented in the schematical conduction, Figure 24, On winding up
the weight G³ the lever H is freed from the pressure, the spring O presses
the rod I downward, the pin r pushes the catcher L back to its position
while the angle R places the lever K by the pin in the position marked
in Figure 1. The weight G2 is wound up by the doors opening; this is
effected by a string attached to the door. For the weight G there is a
similar contrivance, whereas the weight G'is wound up in the way
above described. As previously stated the lock comes into action by
the current which encircles the electro-magnets E', E', being interrupted.
The simple contrivance for this purpose will be found mentioned in
Figure 4 (schematical conduction). The interruption of the current
however has no further effect than that the wheelwork influenced by the
hook check can effect the withdrawal of the bolt, but very slowly.
When the lock is opened quickly the electro-magnets E³, E³, are furnished
with current, the anchor A³ thereby attracted presses with the opposite
end of the lever against the tappet of the hook h, and thus extricates the
latter out of the cogs of the escapement wheel. The wheelwork will
now run rapidly down, and thus effect a speedy withdrawal of the bolt.
To render it impossible for any intruder to conduct the current to the
electro-magnets E, E, there is the interpolating apparatus, Figures 22
and 23. Inside the safe there are three rows of metal pieces, Figure 22,

page_text: the two hithermost rows of which are combined by springs, and two rows
supplied with stopple holes. The middle row, in this case the four metal
staves 1, 2, 3, 4, determine the number of sledges requisite for inter-
polating, and subsequently to be described; in the present case 4 sledges
would be necessary.
Figure 23 shows the interpolating apparatus in diameter, and the
section of the sledge 2 and the metal pieces 2ª, 2b, 2°. A metal con-
junction is produced previous to shutting the safe by inserting a peg,
for instance between 2 and 2° and pin s t removed from the sledge 2,
it will be the second sledge alone which supplied with the handle G*
can lead the current over the electro-magnets E³, E³, when shoved to the
left. Any other sledge being touched not only a despatch is forwarded,
but the self-acting bolt lock would only shut slowly and the current
no longer find a way over the electro-magnets E³, E³, even if the thief
after applying the wrong sledge should in further trials use the sledge G³,
the correct one. The interpolating apparatus is inside the safe, and only
the handle G³ attached to the sledge P outside; w³ and w³ are iron plates
united to one wall of the safe, The sledge P is moveable in its beds L to
the right and left by the handle G. Under the above motion the metal
plate e attached to the sledge P is pushed against the metal piece 2º,
which is pressed by the spring against the metal piece 2b. If 2b
and 2° have been metally combined by a peg the metal plate e at the
sledge 2 will produce a metal connection between 2 and 2*, and the
current coming from ", Figure 22, can flow over 4º, 3º, 2° peg to 2b, over
the metal plate e of the sledge to 23, 1, a³, over the electro-magnets E³, E³.
This is the only way left for the current as on moving the sledge the
pin has pushed off the spring between 2° and 1° and the wooden pin h
has dropped between the spring; that unites 1° and 2° and the metal
piece 2°, the way from 2°, 1°, over O to holdfast has been thereby
interrupted. If any intruder tried to supply stream to the electro-
magnets E, E³, by sledge 1, a despatch would not only be sent on, but
as the wooden peg has dropped. between 1° and. the spring, which
connects 10 with O, Figure 22, the conduction would be continually
interrupted, the way from 1 to 0* would moreover be stopped, for as
peg&t has averted the spring from 1 which combines 1" and 0*, and
the wooden peg h¹ has dropped between the spring and 2, the current
to the electro-magnets E, E³, is at this point likewise broken in. upon,
and any attempt to use the sledge is without effect..

page_text: Figures 18 to 21 represent the before-mentioned interpolating apparatus.
in the safety case 8 g; Figure 20 shows the letter side facing the passage;
Figure 21, the dial plate facing the room with the handle H and the
hand z g; Figure 19 the apparatus when the dial hand and handle are
removed; and Figure 18 the section of the interpolating apparatus.
The whole apparatus is secured from violent destruction by the plates w³
and 10³ of the safety case, Figure 18. P, Figures 18 and 19, is a wooden
ring on which there are the brass rings a, b, c, which are cut through,
and the ends bent down communicate to the holdfasts 18, k, and ³,
Figure 1. Inserted in P, revolvable by the handle H, there is the wooden
ring R, and in the latter the disc S, which is prevented from turning
round its own arbor by the pins 8 8, Figure 19, while the springs f¹, f²,
The
ƒ³, ƒ³, render it impossible for the disc S to fall towards the room.
springs ff, f³, f*, form besides a metallic conjunction among the
metal pieces h de e¹, g, arranged in the form of a ring on the wooden
ring R, which united by the above springs thus form one ring for the
current that shall henceforward be called x³. Between 9 and h the ring
is left open, and from g spring O leads to the ring c, from h the spring O'
to the ring b. The stream coming from battery B over holdfast k³, the
contact of the door T to holdfast k would enter the ring b, flow through
it up to spring O³, over the latter to ring ³, over the latter and spring O
into ring c, and running through the latter reach the holdfast k¹³, whence
it would return to the battery. On the wooden ring R there is besides
the stock N, Figures 18 and 19, in which there lies the lever F rotating
in i. Attached to the shorter lever end of the latter there is the spring t
positioned above the ring a. A spring goes from the stock N to the
ring c. If the lever F is so positioned as to let the hook spring p grasp
over it and keep it in this position, the spring t will then lie on ring a,
and the current, on the door T being opened, would flow from battery B
to ko, k, k³, ring a, spring A, lever arm F to stock N, spring r to
ring c, over the latter to k¹8, thence back to the battery. The position
of the lever F when the spring t rests on ring a will show that the door
has been excluded from the conduction to the station. Inserted excen-
trically in the disc S is the wooden cylinder C; in the latter a hole is
excentrically bored. On the longer lever arm F there is the plate o over
the hole. C is revolvable in S, consequently the hand on C can be set
ad libitum on the lines of division 1, 2, 3, 4%; the hole is thereby
displaced (in the design the hand points to the line 2). As before
stated the wooden ring R is revolvable by the handle H.
The ring R

page_text: being turned the hole will likewise be carried round. The hand z g
on which there are the letters abcdefgh, and which is attached
to the handle H, will course round before the dial plate, Figure 21.
Figure 21 shows that the letter & stands on the sixth line, the letter a
on the tenth. Facing the passage there is the glass cast cylinder M,
Figure 18, which is supplied with 16 cogs at the edge, is revolvable
below the brass edge x by the handle G. 8 holes go through the
cylinder, three of which a, b, c, lie in the outermost circle, d, e, in the
second, fg in the 3rd, h in the fourth circle. In each hole a dis-
placcable wooden pin is inserted. The hole in the wooden cylinder C
can be placed so as to correspond to the holes a b c d e f g h of
the glass cylinder. If the wooden cylinder is so adjusted that the
hand fixed to it stands on the 2nd line, as marked here in Figure 19, the
hole of the wooden cylinder C will, on the handle M of the apparatus
setting to work, run by under the holes of the glass cylinder d, e, in the
2nd circle, whereas if the hand showed 1 the holes a b c, etc., would
be hit. According to the design the hand of the cylinder C stands upon
the 2nd line; consequently the letters d and e are now to be considered.
Figure 21 shows that the hand with d stands on the 6th division, con-
sequently the interpolating apparatus was placed on dª before leaving
the lodgings. To the door from the passage to be interpolated (freed
from the conduction) the glass cylinder, Figure 20, is turned by the
handle G so far that No. 6-stands in the incision in which No. 5 is now
visible, and a pin is then stuck into the hole v. The pin will strike
upon the pin, Figure 18, drive the latter through the hole of the glass
cylinder, and finally push the plate O. aside. The lever F is. hereby
separated from C, the hook spring p will grasp lever F and hold. it back;
spring t now-rests on ring a, the door is interpolated and may be opened
without despatching..
Before describing the protecting pipes of the hydrostatical railing of
the double-armed safety contacts and safety receptacle and case, such
functions may be placed together as are necessary to set the electrc-.
dynamical guard in motion and out of action, but at the same time the
course of the current shall be displayed with the assistance of mechanism
shown in Figure 24..
First, however, two contrivances may be mentioned. To interrupt the
current flowing round the electro-magnets E', E*, of the self-acting bolt.
lock, or to transfer it to the magnets Es; E³, there is the arm M revolvable

page_text: on the holdfast 4, over which the current passes from " to k. The
arm M lies in the safety case ag facing the room, and just to the
hammer H that is pressed by the cog u upon holdfast ³°. A string is
attached to the latter, which leads through the case to the passage, and
is covered here by the door T*. The string being pulled and the cog
thus lifted the hammer H driven by a spring will fall off ", and the
conduction from 0 to 1 is stopped, whereas the current, when the
hammer H lies on holdfast, will have a road on the room door
opening without applying the interpolating apparatus. Let it be supposed
the proprietor is in the room, the safe & p opened, the ladder lock and
interpolating apparatus not inserted, the bolt R of the ladder lock has
been pushed upward after turning round the pin a, and has attained the
position marked in Figure 7, and the hammer H lies on 30. The bolt
R of the self-acting bolt lock has, as previously described, pressed the
spring by the wooden pin o against the holdfast ", and then the current
will run as follows:-Coming from battery B it will pass over k, k¹, kas,
, F, to ; and as there is an interruption in the ladder lock or door
of the room the current will proceed from over k, ³, hammer H, k",
arm M, 20, E', E, k, k²; hence, as the door of the safe s p is open,
consequently the double-armed safety contact d c³ not shut, it will take
the only way left from k over k, k, k, through the double-armed
safety contact of the safety receptacles g¹, from 8 g³ over the electro-
magnets E, E, earth plates P1, P1, to the battery or to the next house,
see Figure 2.
The proprietor intends leaving the room and setting the safety guard,
and the positions given in the above description of the ladders,
interrupters, etc., are to be adhered to. First, the proprietor would have
to stop 2, 2°, of the interpolating apparatus, and extract the pin s, t,
out of the sledge 2, and now shut the door of the safe. The hand of the
interpolating apparatus is then to be placed on 6 d, the bolt of the ladder
lock positioned as marked in Figure 8, the ladders lowered by the
pushers; pusher was pressed down twice, D* three times, d*, five
times, see Figure 9, and by the interrupters A**, D**, d**, the respective
angles are raised from the holdfasts. The doors T¹ and T3 of the safety
receptacle are now closed, the room left and the door shut. Knob e
facing the passage is to be pressed, knob g to be pulled, and the bolt of
the ladder lock would thus enter the rundle, the door to the room, and
the doors T, T2, T3, of the case locked, and now the string communicating

page_text: with the hammer H pulled, and the latter thereby fall off holdfast ³,
The current would now be forced on as follows:- Coming from battery B
it proceeds, as previously described, as far as holdfast, hence however,
over the key contacts 9, i, 10, 1, 11, 3, 12, over the contacts c³, c¹, over
5 the safety contacts s, c, s, c¹, k³, f¹, k³, ƒ³, k³, ks. And as the conduction
is stopped by the interrupters from 2 to 28, from ¹³ through the double
armed safety contact d, c³, which is closed, as the door T is shut from
d, c, over F bolt edge in metal piece 7, bolt edge in 1, F³, k¼,
key disc s, k¹³, ko, and as the doors T and T3 are closed through
the double armed safety contacts d, c, d, c³, to holdfast k over ring b,
as far as spring o¹, over the latter to ring ³, running through which
to spring o, over the latter to ring c, over which to holdfast 18, 19,
arm M, 20, electro-magnets E*, E', over to k², and as the bolt
lock is locked and the spring " and " do not unite over the closed
double armed contact of the safe, s, p, d, c³, 8, through the double
armed contact of the safety case 8, g¹, electro-magnets E, E, over the
earth plates P¹, P¹, to the battery.
The proprietor on coming home first presses the key A*** twice,
D***3 times, and d***5 times, and will thus produce the conduction 25
and 8, the ladders are returned to the position of rest, and the bolt can
be opened. The key having been pressed back, the coating g¹ is
removed from the keyhole, and the bolt fetched out of the rundle by the
key. The current now flows as before stated as far as holdfast k¹³, hence
however, as there is an interruption in the lock from ¹³ over angle w,
spiral & p³, k2, w, D, 8, p², k², w, A 8, p³, w L, k, k¹, d, c, d, c³, and in
the way above described back to the battery.
The proprietor can now only open the door T3 of the safety case 8, 9,
without interrupting, and must now interpolate by the interpolating
apparatus the door to the room, and the doors T¹ and T of the case. The
letter side is placed on 6 and the pin stuck into the hole d. The
current will now proceed on as far as holdfast as above described,
hence over *, *, ring a to spring 1, lever F over spring r into ring c,
run round the latter as far as holdfast 18, and thence return to the
battery. The proprietor can now open the door to the room and
likewise the two doors T" and T2 of the safety case. He now places
hammer H on holdfast and then to open the safe 8, p, he pushes the
and now quiets the interpolating apparatus. The
arm M from k to

page_text: current will now pass from
over k, k, hammer H, arm M to k³,
over the metal pieces 4º, 3º, 2º, 1°, 0 to 4³, k, and thence back the
way above explained to the battery. The current over the électro-
magnets E, E, is interrupted, the self-acting bolt lock will begin slowly
to open.
Should the proprietor desire to open quickly he pushes sledge 2 in,
the electro-magnets thereby receive current, and the hook is lifted out of
the escapement wheel. The current will now pass from ³¹, over 4º, 3º, 2º,
peg 2b metal piece e of the second sledge to 2, 1, 0%, and coursing
round the electro-magnets E³, E³, as before to the battery.
The protecting pipe Figures 25, 26, and 26 is composed of two
pipes w¹ and wo combined at the ends. The space 9 between w¹ and w,
communicates by the pipe L with the vessel K and is filled with
glycerine in which the weight G swims that stands in connection with
the spring F. The conducting wires lie within the space 9 of the
protecting pipe. Should the protecting pipe be injured for the purpose.
of gaining access to the wires, the glycerine would stream out and the
weight G, Figure 26, fall and by its own weight tear the spring F off
holdfast. The conduction would be thereby interrupted.
The safety case 89, Figure 27, longitudinal section, has two walls made
of iron plate w² and w³ which are so connected to the protecting pipe of
the conduction that the walls w³ and w³ of the case run together with
those (w and w¹) of the protecting pipe. With the roof 103 of the safety
case the double armed safety contact is united by the pipe R that leads
downward and terminates in the cupola D; the feet of the latter are
surrounded by an open glass vessel 7 from whence the erect pipes m
and m start. The cupola D closes the vessel 7 by pressing the india-
rubber cap H that is the edger of the latter upon the vessel 7, when the
feet of the cupola D by screws are drawn towards the plate p. The
india-rubber cap H simultaneously separates the inner space of the
cupola D from the inner space of the glass vessel 1. The tubes m and m¹
are closed by the india-rubber plates and the disk n¹ between them in
which there are fixed the pins x and x¹ that reach into the tubes m,
and m³, and communicate with the conducting wires. The india-rubber
plates e¹, e¹, and the disks are pressed by the screws &¹ that first act upon
the ring u upon the opening of the tubes. The space 9 between the
walls of the protecting pipe and safety case is filled with glycerine, and

page_text: 1
If
as the cupola D communicates by the pipe R with the space g, it will
likewise fill with glycerine upwards of the india-rubber cap H, whereas
the space beneath the cap H and the tubes m and m¹ are filled with
mercury. A metallic conjunction is thereby produced between the pins X
and ×¹. The current entering at × could only find a road over .X' as
far as holdfast k 50. At the door of the case there is a double arm
similar to the double armed contact just described, only the pins ×
and X', which lead into the mercury do not communicate with the
conduction, but terminate at the top in springs ×³ and ×³ which when
the doors are closed press against the holdfasts R-50 K-51.
the door is closed the current will find a passage from X over ×¹,
holdfast 8 o¹, spring X2, X³, holdfast k 50. Should the door be
opened the current would in consequence be broken. The door has two
walls the space between them and the pipe R with the cupola D is in a
like manner filled with glycerine and mercury. If any damage is done
to the protecting pipe or case in order to get at the wires the effect
of the loss of glycerine will first become perceptible in the pipe R of
the case as the highest point of the protecting pipe. As soon as the
glycerine over the pipe R escapes the mercury will lift or revert the
india-rubber cap H. The mercury falling within the tubes m and m¹
will be freed from the pins and the conduction thereby interrupted, the
same as if the door of the case was perforated or bored through. The
above double armed contacts are adjusted in the safety case 8 g for the
ladder lock and interpolating apparatus as well as in the safe sp, but
with either the glycerine filling does not communicate with the filling
of the protecting pipe, but the case s g and the safe 8 p have each a
separate filling. The protecting pipe encircles the contact 8 c, Figure 5,
to and to the walls of the protecting pipe.
The hydrostatical railing made of iron tubes is shown in longitudinal
section in Figure 29 and in cross section in Figure 29 a; w' is the walls
of the iron tube; t is a glass tube in the iron pipe at either end,
hermetically closed; t¹ is a piece of iron fixed to the wall of the pipe to
keep the glass tube t from mounting. Fixed upon the iron pipe there is
a brass cylinder; u, are the walls, the edger of the india-rubber cap H
lies on the projecting adjoint piece i on the edger, the glass cylinder c
is placed which is closed by the india-rubber plates, and the insolated
brass plate o and o' as the ring k is screwed into the brass cylinder c.

page_text: Sixth. The hydrostatical railing, protecting pipes, safety receptacle, and
case and the safety contacts, substantially as described and represented
by Figure 4.
Seventh. The combination of the ladder lock, with the pushers A*, D*,
L, d, and the interrupters A**, D**, L**, d**, substantially as
described.
Eighth. The construction of the interpolating apparatus and the
keys A***, D***, L***, d***, and the letter disc M, substantially as
described and represented.
Ninth. The particular construction of the key as represented in
Figures 11 to 16, substantially as described.
Tenth. The particular construction of the self-acting bolt lock,
substantially as described and represented by Figure 17.
Eleventh. The construction of the interpolating apparatus Figures_18
to 23, as represented and set forth.
Twelfth. The construction of the double armed safety contact,
substantially as set forth.