Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel Alloyed with Copper.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1889
TROY IDIONAL DIMITIVATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel Alloyed with
Copper.
I, HENRI SCHNEIDER of the firm of Schneider and Co. of Le Creusot in the
Republic of France Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows
This Invention has for its object the manufacture in a blast cupola or reverberatory
furnace of cast or pig iron containing variable proportions of copper which may be
employed with advantage in the manufacture of steel alloyed with copper and in the
production of castings generally and in particular in the manufacture of armour
plates ordnance projectiles bed plates or frames for engines or machinery steam
engine cylinders rolls of rolling mills and the like.
In the manufacture of iron alloyed with copper according to this invention a
mixture of cupreous ores or copper scrap is introduced in the ordinary charge of a
blast furnace or a mixture of cupreous matts or copper scrap is introduced in this
ordinary charge of a cupola or other furnace or copper filings and coal or carbona-
ceous matter in variable proportions are agglomerated in the form of cupreous coke
which is subsequently employed in the melting furnace.
According to another method a mixture of variable proportions of copper scrap or
ingots and iron steel or common cast or pig iron is melted in a reverberatory
or other suitable furnace under a layer of anthracite in order to avoid oxidisation.
The product generally contains from about five to twenty per cent. of copper
according to the purpose for which it is to be employed but I do not limit myself to
these proportions.
The cupreous iron obtained according to this invention is remarkable for its great
elasticity and strength and also by its tenacity and malleability properties which may
be further developed by chilling. or tempering in the mould or tempering with tallow
or otherwise.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel Alloyed with
Copper.
I HENRI SCHNEIDER of the Firm of Schneider & Co. of Le Creusot in the Republic
of France Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture in a blast cupola or reverberatory
furnace of cast or pig iron containing variable proportions of copper which can be
employed with advantage in the manufacture of steel alloyed with Copper and may
be employed in the production of castings generally and in particular in the manu-
facture of armour plates ordnance projectiles bed plates or frames for engines or
machinery steam engine cylinders rolls of rolling mills and the like.
In the manufacture of iron alloyed with copper according to this Invention the
following methods of treatment are employed namely:-
. 1. A mixture of cupreous ores or copper scrap is introduced in the ordinary charge

page_text: of a blast furnace or a mixture <of cupreous matts or copper scrap is introduced in
the charge of a cupola furnace.
2. Copper filings and coal or carbonaceous matter in variable proportions are
agglomerated by making a cupreous ooke. which is subsequently employed either in
the blast furnace or in a cupola.
3. A mixture of variable proportions of copper scrap or ingots and iron steel or
common cast or pigiron is melted in a greverberatory furnace: under, a layer of
anthracite in order to avoid oxidation.
The product generally contains from about five to twenty, per cent. of copper
according to the purpose.. for, which. it..is to be employed but the Invention. is not
limited to these proportions.
This
In manufacturing the metal according to this Invention a blast, cupola or rever-
beratory furnace is charged with materials containing proportions of iron and copper
corresponding to those which it is desired to obtain in the cupreous metal or product.
When a blast furnace is employed the calculation of the charge is based on the
amount of metal in the iron and copper ores when copper ores or matts are employed
instead of metallic copper. It is found that the whole of the copper passes into the
metal obtained as the result of the operation but a portion of the iron passes into the
slag of the blast furnace as in making pig or cast metal in the usual way.
remark is likewise applicable to the manufacture conducted in the blast furnace or
cupola when the copper is introduced in the form of coke according to the second
method herein before referred to. It also applies to the manufacture in the reverberatory
furnace the copper being protected against oxidation by the precautions taken (in
particular by the layer of about one inch in thickness of anthracite on the surface
of the bath) and also by the greater oxidability of iron and its presence in larger
proportions.
The alloys obtained according to this Invention are remarkable for their great
elasticity and strength and also by their tenacity and malleability properties which
may be further developed by chilling or tempering in the mould or tempering with
tallow or otherwise. The metal is consequently well adapted for use in the manufac-
ture of castings of all descriptions and in particular in the manufacture of armour
plates ordnance projectiles bed plates and frames for engines and machinery steam
engine Cylinders rolls for rolling mills and the like. In the manufacture of steel
alloyed with copper this cupreous iron is employed as a medium for combining the
copper with the metal the process being conducted in other respects as described in
the Specification accompanying my application for Letters Patent No. 16569 of 1888
or in any known or suitable manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The manufacture, in a blast, cupola or reverberatory furnace, of cast or pig
iron alloys containing variable per centages of copper combined with variable propor-
tions of the ordinary constituents of cast iron and the manufacture of cupreous steel
by the aid of the said alloys which are also applicable to the production of Castings in
general and in particular of castings for armour plates ordnance projectiles bed plates
or frames for engines or machinery steam Engine Cylinders: rolling Mill rolls
and other objects or articles with or without chilling or tempering substantially as
described.
Second. Introducing a mixture of cupreous ores into the charge of a blast furnace
or cupreous matts or copper shavings into the charge of a cupola furnace as and for
the purpose substantially as herein before described.
Third. Agglomerating or mixing copper filings or chips and carbon and employing
the cupreous coke thus obtained in a blast furnace or in a cupola furnace substantially
as hereinbefore described.
.

page_text: Fourth. Melting a mixture of copper shavings, fragments or ingots in a reverbera-
tory furnace along with steel or other forms of iron under a layer of anthracite
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Fifth. The improved alloys manufactured and obtained substantially as hereinbefore
described and claimed.
Dated this 14th Ja C A
1000
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, Agents.