Improvements in Automatically Regulating the Temperatures of Malt, and Hop Kilns, Ovens, Stoves, and Buildings, and Furnaces for same.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept., 1897-Accepted, 4th Dec., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Automatically Regulating the Temperatures of
Malt, and Hop Kilns, Ovens, Stoves, and Buildings, and Furnaces
for same.
I HENRY JAMES HUBERT KING of Newmarket Engineering Works, Nailsworth,
Gloucestershire, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as.
follows:-
This Invention relates to further Improvements in the regulation of temperatures
in Malt and Hop Kilns, Ovens, Stoves, and Buildings, and the Furnaces by which
these structures are heated, for which letters patent were granted to a former
applicant Patent No. 5274/1879, and Patent No. 13006/ 1885.
In cases of Malt and Hop Kilns the ventilator described in the former said patents,
admitted cold air over the fireplace, or furnace thus checking the heat and at the
same time to a certain extent checking the draught through the fire, by substituting
a draught instead' through the ventilator. When the temperature of the Kiln.
becomes cooled down to the correct degree of heat, the ventilator closes, and allows the
fire to burn more freely by virtue of the draught passing through the fire. The
ventilator being operated in the manner described in the former said patent by
the brass rods placed below the Kiln floor.
It will be evident however, that there will be a tendency with the aforesaid single
ventilator, placed over the fire, to burn a larger amount of coal than is necessary
through the attendant making up a large fire and leaving the ventilator to regulate
the Kiln temperature, which in working means a large fire and the ventilator nearly
wide open, whereas the necessary amount of fire should be that which heats the Kiln
with the ventilator only just open a little.
To prevent the waste of fuel in large fires, I provide a double system of ventilators,
both operated by the expansion of brass (or any other metallic) rods placed under the
Kiln floor. One Ventilator is placed over the fireplace, and the other ventilator is
placed below the fire in the Ash Pit, or on the furnace door, and so arranged that
when the temperature rises to the required degree of heat, the top Ventilator (or
that one over the fireplace) opens, and the bottom ventilator closes so that
mechanically the draught is absolutely changed from passing through the fire to
passing through the top ventilator, in the form of a cooling mixture.
Again when the temperature begins to fall slightly, the Top Ventilator closes, and
the bottom Ventilator opens, causing the fire to again burn up, and raise the
temperature of the Kiln to its normal degree of heat.
By this system it is evident that the two ventilators have complete control over the
fire without the undue waste of fuel afore described. These Ventilators can be
applied on separate iron frames to existing fire places in Kilns, or take the form of
Combined Ventilators, and Furnace made in the form of a large cast iron frame
carrying the fire bars and the Top and Bottom Ventilators, and can be simply built
into the brick, or stonework of existing Kilns, or any new Kiln during the course of
construction

page_text: The same system can be applied to Bakery Ovens, and Stoves, in which the brass
rods run below the wire floor on which the goods are placed to be baked, and the
ventilators are placed in the stove with one above, and one below the fire, with
provision for a hand door to stoke the fire.
In the case of Public Buildings, the Top. Ventilator is placed in the roof and opens
to let the hot and foul air out, while the Bottom Ventilator is placed in the Ash Pit
to check the fire either on the warming by the Hot Water Pipes, or the Hot Air
Systems. Here the Brass Rods are placed close to the ceiling, and the top ventilators
are supplied with an automatic check valve to prevent a downward draught in rough
weather through the top ventilator.
Dated this twenty second day of December 1896
Improvements in Automatically Regulating the Temperatures of
Malt, and Hop Kilns, Ovens, Stoves, and Buildings, and Furnaces
for same.
I HENRY JAMES HUBERT KING of Newmarket Engineering Works Nailsworth,
Gloucestershire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to further Improvements in the regulating of temperatures
in Malt & Hop Kilns, Ovens, Stoves and Buildings, and the furnaces by which these
structures are heated for which letters patent were granted to a former applicant
Patent No. 5274/1879 and Patent No. 13006/1885.
In cases of Malt and Hop Kilns the ventilator described in the former said patents,
admitted cold air over the fire place or furnace thus checking the heat and at the
same time to a certain extent checking the draught through the fire by substituting
a draught instead through the ventilator. When the temperature of the Kiln
becomes cooled down to the correct degree of heat, the ventilator closes and allows
the fire to burn more freely by virtue of the draught passing through the fire. The
ventilator being operated in the manner described in the former said patents by the
brass rods placed below the kiln floor.
It will be evident however that there will be a tendency with the aforesaid single
ventilator placed over the fire to burn a larger amount of coal than is necessary
through the attendant making up a large fire and leaving the ventilator to regulate
the kiln temperature, which' in working means a large fire and the ventilator nearly
wide open,
whereas the necessary amount of fire should be that which heats the Kiln
with the ventilator only just open a little.
To prevent the waste of fuel in large fires I provide a double system of ventilators
both operated by the expansion of brass (or any other metallic) rods F placed under
the Kiln Floor as shown on Sheets 1 & 2 of the appended explanatory drawings.
One Ventilator A is placed over the fire place C, and the other ventilator B is placed
below the fire in the Ash Pit D or on the furnace door, and so arranged that when
the temperature rises to the required degree of heat, the top ventilator A opens, and
the bottom ventilator B closes so that mechanically the draught is absolutely changed
from passing through the fire to passing through the top ventilator A in the form of
a cooling mixture.
Again when the temperature begins to fall slightly, the top ventilator A closes and
the bottom ventilator B opens causing the fire to again burn up, and raise the

page_text: temperature of the Kiln to its normal degree of heat. A connecting rod E couples
the two ventilators A & B together. By this system it is evident that the two
ventilators have complete control over the fire without the undue waste of fuel afore
described. These ventilators can be applied on separate iron frames to existing fire
places in kilns, or take the form of Combined Ventilators and Furnace made in
the form of a large cast iron frame carrying the fire bars and the top and bottom
ventilators, and can be simply built into the brick, or stonework of existing kilns, or
any new kiln during the course of construction.
The same system can be applied to Bakery ovens, and stoves, in which the brass
rods run below the wire floor on which the goods are placed to be baked, and the
ventilators are placed in the stove with one above and one below the fire with
provision for a hand door to stoke the fire.
In the case of Public Buildings, the Top Ventilator is placed in the roof and
opens to let the hot and foul air out, while the bottom ventilator is placed in the
Ash Pit to check the fire either on the warming by the hot water pipes, or the
hot air systems. Here the Brass Rods are placed close to the ceiling, the top
ventilators are supplied with automatic check vaives to prevent a downward
draught in rough weather through the top ventilators.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
(1) The use in Malt & Hop Kilns, of a double system of Ventilator doors, one
door being placed over the fire, and the other door placed below the fire bars, or in
a suitable passage leading under the fire bars, and operated by the mechanical
apparatus described in Letters Patent No. 13006-1885 so that when one ventilator
closes, the other ventilator opens; and likewise when one ventilator opens the
other ventilator closes- maintaining a complete control of the fire, as substantially
shown on sheets 1. & 2.
(2) The modifications of the above ventilators for furnaces suitable for stoves,
ovens, and the warming apparatus of buildings as afore described.
Dated this 22nd day of September 1897.