Improvements in Pipe Elbows or Curved Sections.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 25th Jan., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe Elbows or Curved Sections.
I, CHARLES B. COOPER, of 510-520 East Twentieth Street, New York, in the
County and State of New York, United States of America, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
My invention relates to an improvement in pipe elbows or curved sections.
The object of the invention is to provide a strong durable and cheap curved pipe section
composed of a suitable number of transverse sections joined together in an improved
manner to form an elbow convex on the back and concave in the throat.
These objects are accomplished by and my invention consists in certain novel
features of construction and combinations of parts more fully described hereinafter
and particularly pointed out in the claims.
Referring to the accompanying drawings ;-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an improved elbow.
Figure 2 is a similar view of an elbow showing a different method of uniting the
sections.
Figure 3 is a cross section on the line xx figure 1.
Figure 4 is an elevation of an elbow section.
Figure 5 is a plan of a blank from which an intermediate section of elbow is
bent.
Figure 6 is a similar view of a blank from which an end section is made.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of an adjustable elbow.
The curved pipe is composed of a suitable number of transverse sections a, each
section being preferably formed from a blank b, cut from a sheet of metal, and
tapering from the center to the ends, and of such length that the ends of the blank will
overlap when the same is bent circular to form a section of the desired diameter.
After the blank is cut the same is bent circular, that is, the ends are brought
around each other to form a hollow section, gradually decreasing in length from the
back to the inner side or throat and the back and throat are curved as shown,
preferably from the same center, so that the center side c, will be convex and the
inner side d, concave. One of the ends of the blank forming a transverse section is
depressed or bent in the thickness of the metal as shown at e, to form a seat for the
other end, so that when these ends are secured together, the outer surface of the section
will present no sharp edges or corrugations.
These transverse sections are jointed together at their edges to form a curved
elbow having its outer wall free from transverse corrugations, by sinking a shallow
corrugation or depression f, corresponding with the thickness of the metal used,
around one edge of each section of the elbow (except of course, one end section)
and this depression or corrugation when overlapped by the straight edge of an
adjoining section lies close to its inner wall making when joined a true sectional
curved tube.
For elbows to be used for conveying liquids, etc. the joints of which have to be air
tight, small indentations g, are made in, but not through the shallow corrugation f
encircling one rim of the sections a, and similar corresponding indentations g in the
opposito corresponding straight edges of the sections so that when the sections are
placed together the indentations in the corrugations fit in the corresponding inden-
tations in the straight edges, thereby firmly pinning the sections together in addition
to the soldering necessary to make them air tight.
The sections of elbows to be used for conveying smoke, heat, or for purposes
where absolute tightness is not necessary have their adjoining edges locked together
by a locking seam h, on the inside of the elbow (see figure 2) which leaves the outer

page_text: surface free from corrugations of any kind forming a neat uniform and geometrically
curved elbow; this locking seam is formed by making the corrugation f, in one edge
of each section deeper and wider than that in figure 1, and having its outer edge
doubled upon itself the corresponding straight edges of the section are doubled to
engage the doubled edge of the corrugations.
The curved sections may have their adjoining edges provided with interlocking
annular beads, as shown in figure 7, whereby the adjoining edges of the sections are
loosely joined together and the separate sections can be independently rotated or
adjusted thereby forming an adjustable curved pipe section, the angle of curve of
which can be changed at will.
Another feature of this invention consists in forming the end sections i, of the elbow
curved a portion of their length to conform to the arc of the elbow and straight or
tapered the remainder of the length to fit into the full sized end of a pipe or another
elbow, whereby a lesser number of transverse sections are required.
These ends sections are formed from flat sheet metal blanks, shown in figure 6,
having one edge cut or formed of the same contour as an edge of the blank of
figure 5, for one of the intermediate sections, but with its opposite longitudinal edge
formed approximately straight with a slight upward bulge in the center, this bulge is
necessary in order to have the end edge of the end section straight for in forming or
pressing the blank into the form of a section of an elbow the width of the center of
the blank is formed convex and thus shortened in a straight line. These blanks are
formed into sections by being bent into circular form with their ends overlapping and
then being bent or formed into the proper shape in a die, and after being formed the
ends of the blank are secured together making a complete section.
The herein described curved elbow sections are made as new articles of manufacture,
and are so formed that they can be readily joined by the mechanic using them. These
sections when being transported or stored can be nested thereby occupying less space
and costing less for storage and transportation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. A curved pipe elbow consisting of a series of transverse sections, each formed
of a single blank, one end or edge of each section being formed with an annular cor-
rugation, said corrugation and the opposite end of the section being provided with
transverse indentations whereby when the sections are secured together the straight
edge of the section fits on the corrugation of the next and the indentations intermesh,
substantially as described.
2nd. A curved pipe elbow consisting of transverse sections, concave at the throat
and convex at the back, each formed of a single blank, having its ends secured
together, said sections being secured together at their ends, and the two end sections
at about half their length departed from a curved form and made straight or tapering
for the purpose set forth.
3rd. A curved pipe elbow consisting of transverse sections, concave at the throat
and convex on the back, each formed of a single blank, having its ends secured
together with matched grooves, allowing the sections to revolve on their circumference,
and the two end sections at about one half their length, departing from a curved form
and made straight or tapering for the purpose set forth.
4th. A sheet metal sectional curved elbow made in two or more transverse sections,
the walls of which are made concave in the throat, and convex on the back and held
together by the use of indentations made in the walls of the sections where they lap on
one another when jointed and also by soldering, substantially as described.
5th. A sheet metal sectional curved elbow made in two or more transverse sections
with one or both end sections conforming part of their length to the arc of the cor-
responding section to which it is joined, and the other part of their length departed
from the arc and made tapered or of the shape of a plain straight tube.
6th. A sheet metal sectional curved elbow made in two or more transverse sections,

page_text: the walls of which are made concave in the throat, convex on the back and which are
joined or locked together with the seam made by joining such sections formed on the
inside walls below the plane of the external surface of sections of such elbows, whereby
the convex curve of the outer wall is continuous.
7th. A transverse curved elbow section convex on the back and concave at the throat
and formed from a flat blank tapering towards the ends and bent into circular form
with the ends overlapping and secured together and the edges of the sections
grooved.
2011
A
1000
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.