IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES, GOLOSHES, AND CLOGS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER HOSE AND BUCKETS
Year: 1843

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
NOYES ELVEN, of Southampton Street, Camberwell, in the County of Surrey,
Boot and Shoe Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-eighth day of December, in the seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Robert Noyes Elven, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Robert Noyes Elven, my exors, admors, and assigns,
or such others, as I, the said Robert Noyes Elven, my exors, adñors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BOOTS AND SHOES, GOLOSHES, AND CLOGS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER HOSE AND BUCKETS;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso, that I, the said Robert Noyes Elven, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Noyes Elven, do hereby declare that the nature of my Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say) :-
My Invention relates, first, to applying the "uppers" of boots, shoes,
goloshes, and clogs to the insoles, by splitting the edges of the insoles and
introducing the edges of the uppers between the parts thereof, and affixing the
parts together by pegs of wood or metal.
Secondly, my Invention relates to a mode of affixing the outsoles of boots,
shoes, galoshes, and clogs by means of pegs of wood or metal.
And, thirdly, my Invention relates to a mode of affixing the edges of leather
hose and leather buckets by means of pegs of wood or metal.
And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed,
in the various Figures of which the same letters of reference are used to
indicate similar parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents the under side view of a shoe, partly in section, shewing
the first part of my Invention; Figure 2 is a transverse section of Figure 1,
by which the mode of affixing the "upper" to the insole by pegs will readily
be traced. And I would here remark, that although I prefer to affix the
upper to the insole by splitting the insole, yet, when carrying out the second
part of my Invention, of affixing of outsoles with pegs, I can affix the insole by
pegs, as is shewn in Figures 3 and 4, which represent the under surface and
transverse section of the sole and part of the "upper" of a shoe combined
together with pegs; or the insole may be attached to the "upper" by means of
stitches or otherwise, as heretofore practised; but the affixing of the insoles to
the uppers of boots, shoes, goloshes, or clogs by any other means than splitting
the insole and pegging with wood or metal forms no part of my Invention.
Figure 5 shews an under side view of the side of a boot having the outsole
affixed by pegging. Figure 6 shews a transverse section of the sole and part
of the upper, the outsole being affixed by pegging, in the manner of the second
part of my Invention.
Figure 7 shews part of the side view of a boot made according to the second
part of my Invention. Figure 8 shews the mode of joining the insole and
upper with the outside by diagonal pegging, the pegs being by preference of
wood; & I prefer that the pegs when of wood be made from the sugar maple
wood, yet I do not confine myself thereto, as in some cases I use iron or other

page_text: suitable metal. There are two rows of pegs used inclining in opposite direc-
tions, by which arrangement of the pegs the two or more thicknesses of leather
so combined with pegs cannot be separated without a force which would injure
the leather so combined. Figure 9 shews the application of an extra outsolo
or double sole by two other rows of pegs, which pass through the outersole in
opposite inclined directions, and it is this peculiar mode of using pegs which
constitutes the novelty of the second and third parts of my Invention. And
I would remark that the workman in driving the pegs (when wood pegs are
used) should be careful not to drive them too far through into the last, other-
wise the last will be so fast held as not to be easily withdrawn. Figure 10
shews a side view, partly in section, and Figure 11 an under side view, of a
last such as I prefer to use in carrying out my Invention, by which the same
may be readily withdrawn from a boot, shoe, golosh, or clog; but other arrange-
ments may be adopted, the object being to obtain a purchase in removing the
last from the ends of the pegs which project through the inside of the boot, &c.;
and in order to remove the last, having first removed the piece g, commonly
called the "block," I give the under side of the boot, shoe, golosh, or clog
several sharp blows with a hammer, by which the ends of the pegs will be
loosened in their hold upon the last; I then insert a screw h into the female
screw i, formed through the hind part of the last, which, pressing upon the
loose piece of the last, such piece j will be pressed against the inside of the
heel of the boot, &c., while the last will be raised out from the pegs, and I
form the screw h with a ring h', in order to facilitate the workman in with-
drawing the last from the article being operated upon. When the last is
withdrawn it will be necessary to remove the ends of the pegs protruding in
the inside of the boot, shoe, golosh, or clog; for this purpose I employ one or
both of the instruments shewn at Figures 12 and 13 to operate upon the sole
part, such instruments having cutting surfaces 1, as shewn, and it will be found
that after drawing them (using pressure at the same time) backwards and
forwards a few times that all the ends will be removed and the parts smoothed
down. The only difference between the two instruments shewn at Figures 12
and 13 is that the cutting surfaces are in the one line inclined in a different
direction from what they are in the other. Figure 14 shews a side and face
view of another instrument, with similar cutting edges to those shewn at
Figures 12 and 13, to be used in removing the ends of the pegs from the inside
of the heel. If metal pegs be used, it will be necessary to cover those parts
of the last which come in contact with the pegs as they are driven through
with metal, in order that the pegs may be thereby clenched, and a workman
will readily perceive that when two rows of pegs are driven through two or

page_text: more surfaces of leather, whether in applying soles to boots, shoes, goloshes, and
clogs, or when combining the two edges of leather for forming hose and buckets,
that the two or more surfaces of leather so combined cannot be separated without
injury to the leather or to the pegs. a is the "upper," which may be of leather or
other suitable material, and is to be formed suitably when making boots, shoes,
goloshes, or clogs, the making of the " uppers" forming no part of my
Invention; b is the row of pegs used when fixing the insole to the upper; c, d,
are the two rows of pegs which affix the outsole; the pegs in the two rows are
driven in inclined and opposite directions. e, f, are the two rows of pegs which
affix the outer sole when making double-sole boots. I would remark that there
if desired, be more than two rows of pegs when fixing the outsole, but
I have not found more to be necessary. Figure 15 shews part of a hose pipe
of leather, the edges being joined by two rows of pegs inclining in opposite
directions, in like manner to that shewn and described for affixing the outsoles
of boots, shoes, goloshes, and clogs.
may,
Figure 16 shews a transverse section of a hose and the edges of the leather;
when making buckets of leather, are to be joined by rows of pegs inclining in
opposite directions, as above described. I have not thought it necessary to
show goloshes or clogs, as the workman will apply the first and second parts of
my Invention when soling the same, in the manner described in respect to
boots and shoes; nor have I thought it necessary to shew a leather bucket, as
the workman will understand that in place of the ordinary sewing he will affix
the parts by means of rows of pegs inclining in opposite directions, as above
described for making leather pipes or hose.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the details herein shewn and described; but what I claim is,―
First, the mode of applying or affixing the uppers of boots, shoes, and clogs,
by splitting the edges of the insoles, combined with the use of pegs, as above
described.
Secondly, I claim the mode of affixing the outsoles of boots, shoes, goloshes,
and clogs by rows of pegs inclining in opposite directions, as above described.
And, thirdly, I claim the mode of making leather hose and buckets by
affixing the overlapping edges of the leather by means of rows of pegs inclined
in opposite directions, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Noyes Elven, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
ROBERT NOYES (L.B.) ELVEN.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of June, in
the year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid Robert Noyes Elven, came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.