AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR LIQUOR FOR FILLING, STIFFENING, AND WATERPROOFING WOOLLEN, OR OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Swallow, of Leeds, in the County of York, for an
Invention of "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR LIQUOR FOR FILLING,
STIFFENING, AND WATERPROOFING WOOLLEN, OR OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED
FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joshua Swallow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1880.
JOSHUA SWALLOW, of Leeds, in the County of York. "AN IMPROVED COM-
POSITION OR LIQUOR FOR FILLING, STIFFENING, AND WATERPROOFING WOOLLEN
OR OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS."
The object of this composition or liquor is to render the material stouter, fuller
to the touch, add weight and stiffness, also to render the material waterproof by its
application.
For two hundred and forty gallons or one ton of the liquor or composition, I
provide of rabbit "pelts" or refuse of the belly portion of the skin eighty pounds,
Epsom salts or sulphate of magnesia eighty pounds, crystal borax one pound.
After these are placed together in a suitable receptacle, I add two hundred and
forty gallons of water; the whole of the ingredients are then boiled together for
three hours, after which is added one ounce of oil of thyme or other scent. When
cold, it is ready for use, and may be applied in the ordinary manner of "stiffing
ingredients.
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and
of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Joshua Swallow in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th September 1880.
JOSHUA SWALLOW, of Leeds, in the County of York. "AN IMPROVED COM-
POSITION OR LIQUOR FOR FILLING, STIFFENING, AND WATERPROOFING WOOLLEN
OR OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS."
The object of this composition or liquor is to render the material stouter, fuller
to the touch, add weight and stiffness, also to render the material waterproof by its
application.
For two hundred and forty gallons or one ton of the liquor or composition, I
provide of rabbit "pelts" or refuse of the belly portion of the skin eighty pounds,
Epsom salts or sulphate of magnesia eighty pounds, crystal borax one pound. After
these are placed together in a suitable receptacle, I add two hundred and forty
gallons of water; the whole of the ingredients are then boiled together for three
hours, after which is added one ounce of oil of thyme or other scent. When cold,
it is ready for use, and may be applied in the ordinary manner of stiffening
ingredients.
For light colours or whites, it is found by experiment to be beneficial to mix
with the herein before mentioned ingredients starch, or flour, varying in quantity
in accordance with the amount of stiffening required.
Starch or flour may be added when preferred in all cases.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, I would here remark
that the ingredients named may be varied in their quantities to suit the water-
proofing, filling, and stiffening of woollen or other woven or felted fabrics, without
departing from the nature of my said Invention, but what I do claim and desire to
be secured to me by Letters Patent is, -
The combination of the various ingredients forming the improved composition or
liquor for filling, stiffening, and waterproofing woollen or other woven or felted
fabrics, substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Swallow, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.