AN IMPROVED SILICIOUS COMPOUND APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES, TILES, BRICKS, AND OTHER ARTICLES FOR BUILDINGS, ALSO FOR PATHS, FLOORS, ROOFS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED SILICIOUS COMPOUND APPLICABLE FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES, TILES, BRICKS, AND OTHER ARTICLES FOR
BUILDINGS, ALSO FOR PATHS, FLOORS, ROOFS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES."
_ A communication from abroad by William Augustus Battersby,
of Brooklyn, Timothy Reed Crawford, of the City of New York,
and Robert Brown, of Brooklyn, aforesaid, both in the State of New
York, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,.
on the 31st October 1870.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66,1
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SILICIOUS COM-
POUND APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES, TILES, BRICKS, AND OTHER

page_text: ARTICLES FOR BUILDINGS, ALSO FOR PATHS, FLOORS, ROOFS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS
PURPOSES," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to a new composition for casting or moulding
pipes, tiles, or other mineral articles as well as for side walks, streets.
floorings, and similar purposes. The composition consists of the following
ingredients compounded in about the proportions set forth, to wit, 716
parts of silicious matter, 25 parts of manganese, 75 parts of oxide of
iron, 60 parts of kaolin, 60 parts of sulphate of lime, 1 part of sulphur,
2 parts of silicate of soda, 60 parts of resin, 1 part of petroleum or other
hydrocarbon. Total, 1000 parts. The resin and petroleum are first
mixed in a vessel and heated. The silicate of soda is then added and
then the kaolin and gypsum. The temperature of the mixture is raised
to about 500 degrees. The manganese, oxide of iron, and sulphur are
next added. The silicate is heated in a separate vessel to a red heat,
and added to the above compound which is then stirred until all parts
have become duly amalgamated. The mixture can now be cast, moulded,
or applied in the desired manner.
'
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto. me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN

page_text: '
"
IMPROVED SILICIOUS COMPOUND APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FIPES, TILES,
BRICKS, AND OTHER ARTICLES FOR BUILDINGS, ALSO FOR PATHS, FLOORS, Roors,
AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES," being a communication to me from abroad
by William Augustus Battersby, of Brooklyn, Timothy Reed Crawford,
of the City of New York, and Robert Brown, of Brooklyn, aforesaid, both
in the State of New York, United States of America, upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my or
their or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to a new composition for casting or moulding
pipes, tiles, bricks, or other articles for building purposes as well as for
forming side walks, streets, floorings, and similar purposes, and has for
its object to so fuse together and combine, the inexpensive and abundant
silicious matter that the same can be advantageously utilized for the
above purposes.
The composition consists of the following ingredients compounded in
about the proportions set forth, to wit :—
716 parts of silicious matter, such as sand, pounded stone, or grit.
25
75
"
"
60
33
60
وو
manganese.
oxide of iron.
kaolin.
sulphate of lime.
1 2
60
60
1
"
"
"
"
sulphur.
silicate of soda.
resin.
petroleum or other hydrocarbon..

page_text: The resin and petroleum are first mixed in a vessel and heated to
about four hundred degrees Fahrenheit. The silicate of soda is then added
and dissolved in the resinous compound, and then the kaolin and gypsum
are added. The temperature of the mixture is then raised to about five
hundred degrees. The manganese, oxide of iron, and sulphur are next
added.
The silicate is heated in a separate vessel. to a red heat and in this
state is added to the above compound which is then stirred until all the
ingredients have become duly amalgamated. The mixture can now be
cast or moulded into any required form or applied in the desired manner
either for forming floors, pavements, or otherwise.
It will be understood that the silicious material by being brought to a
red heat will be in a state to dissolve the silicate of soda, manganese,
and sulphur, or rather to cause the same to intimately combine with the
silicious particles and in cooling to firmly bind them together. The pores
usually formed in silicious compounds will thereby be closed and the
composition will become actually impervious to water and almost entirely
indestructible by atmospheric influences. The kaolin and gypsum also
combine to form an adhesive substance for closing the pores, the silicate
of soda furthermore serves to vitrify the composition throughout and
to give it a finished appearance on the surface. The silicate may be
used in a crystallized or dissolved state preferably the former. The
sulphur by uniting with the resin (or the vegetable equivalent of the
same) will prevent it from resuming its original brittle state and will
make it actually pliable in the compound. The petroleum, in place of
which any other hydrocarbon liquid or residuum may be employed, serves
only to dissolve the resin. It is evident that the proportions above stated
may be varied in accordance with the nature of the compound to be
obtained. Nevertheless the proportions above stated appear most desirable
as with a greater proportion of silicious matter greater heat for fusing
will be required while the expense will also be increased on account of
the additional chemicals required whenever the proportionate quantity
of silicate is reduced.
Having now described the Invention that has been communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent and having explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me
by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the silicious compound or preparation
herein set forth or any mere modification thereof, and the application of

page_text: A
the same to the various useful purposes above mentioned, or any
analogous purposes for which such compound may be applicable.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.