IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN THE MOULDS AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Yoolow Stewart, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Ironfounder, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES AND SIMILAR
ARTICLES, AND IN THE MOULDS AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS CONNECTED
THERE WITH."
"
Sealed the 21st July 1868, and dated the 23rd January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Yoolow
Stewart at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 23rd January 1868.
I, DAVID YOOLOW STEWART, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES AND
SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN THE MOULDS AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object by means of an improved general
system to obtain increased economy and accuracy in the manufacture
of cast-iron pipes and similar articles.

page_text: Hitherto in making cast-iron articles, such as may be treated
according to the present Invention it has been customary to make
and dry the cores apart from the moulds or half moulds for shaping
the outsides of the articles; to carry these moulds from the place
where they are rammed up to the stoves to be dried; to take them
out of the stoves when dried; to adjust the cores inside them (which
cases involves the opening and reclosing of them), and
finally to incline them or set them on end for casting. Such a system
involves considerable labor and handling, together with the risk of
derangement of the parts, and consequent inaccuracy in the finished
article. These disadvantages are however greatly diminished by adopting
the improved system constituting the present Invention, in which the
cores made and more or less dried apart are at once adjusted in the
undried moulds, whilst the latter with the cores in them, and by
preference mounted on carriages, are placed in the stoves in the inclined
or vertical positions in which they are to receive the melted metal, the
metal being run into them in the stoves as soon as convenient after
they are sufficiently dried.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Yoolow Stewart in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
YOOLOW STEWART, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said David Yoolow Stewart, Her special
licence that I, the said David Yoolow Stewart, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said David Yoolow Stewart,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might, make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN THE
MOULDS AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said David Yoolow Stewart,
my executors, or administrators by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Yoolow Stewart, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement in writing, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object by means of an improved
general system to obtain increased economy and accuracy in the
manufacture of cast-iron pipes and similar articles.
Hitherto in making cast-iron articles such as may be treated
according to my present Invention, namely, those for which the outside
moulds are usually made in two halves, it has been customary to make
and dry the cores apart from the moulds or half moulds for shaping
the outsides of the articles; to carry these moulds from the place where
they are rammed up to the stoves to be dried; to take them out of the
stoves when dried; to adjust the cores inside them (which in some cases
involves the opening and reclosing of them); and finally, to incline them
or set them on end for casting. Such a system involves considerable
labor and handling, together with risk of derangement of the parts and
consequent inaccuracy in the finished article. These disadvantages
are however greatly diminished by adopting the improved system
constituting my present Invention, in which the cores made and more
or less dried apart are at once adjusted in the undried moulds, whilst
the latter with the cores in them are placed in the stoves in the inclined
or vertical positions in which they are to receive the melted metal, the
metal being run into them in the stoves as soon as convenient after
they are sufficiently dried.
In practically carrying out my Invention an erection or erections
combining the stoves and moulding floors may obviously be arranged

page_text: in various ways; but in order that my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended two Sheets of explanatory Drawings to be herein-after referred
to, and representing by way of example one convenient arrangement for
operating according to my improved system.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a sectional plan, and Figure 2, Sheet 2, is a
sectional elevation.
There are two stoves S, S, which occupy the middle of the building,
and are heated by fires F, the gases from which pass along flues built
round the bottoms of the stove chambers. The fire gases issue by
openings in the flues f up into the chambers and pass thence by
openings into ground flues which lead to a chimney. Beams B are
laid across the tops of the stove chambers and serve to support the
moulds M which are entered into the chambers from above. Floors R
are constructed at the level of the tops of the stove chambers S, and
on these floors are effected the ramming up of the moulds and the
adjusting in them of the cores, which cores are made in any conveniently
adjacent locality and are brought to the floors R on carriages. Four
cranes C arranged to swing round the centres c (Figure 1) command
the entire area of the floors R and tops of the stoves S, and are used
for lifting the moulds on end, for swinging them over and lowering
them into the stoves, for carrying the ladle of melted metal into the
positions for filling the moulds in the stoves, and finally for withdrawing
the moulds from the stoves and replacing them on the floors R. Rails y
are laid down for bringing the ladle on a carriage from a cupola
situated at any convenient part to within range of the cranes. The
moulds M, indicated in the Drawings, are such as are used for casting
4-inch pipes in pairs, and they are supported in the stoves by cross
bars which are fixed in the boxes and rest on the beams B. When the
stoves are in action they are covered by plates to prevent the egress
upwards of the fire gases. Instead of the moulds M being lifted and
moved by cranes, as herein-before described, they may be mounted on
carriages or trucks, either being suspended and hanging down between
the beams or rails on which the truck wheels run, or being arranged
on them horizontally or otherwise; they may also be dried in the
horizontal position and be afterwards tilted up to receive the metal,
but I prefer to dry them in the vertical position, as herein-before
docavilod

page_text: Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I have to state that I do not
restrict myself to the precise details herein described or delineated, but
that what I believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
system of manufacturing cast-iron pipes and similar articles, wherein
the moulds being such as are made in halves are dried with the cores
in them, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Yoolow Stewart, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
DAV. Y. STEWART. (L.S.)