A NEW MODE OF CONSTRUCTING STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Napoleon Langlois, Gentleman, and Jean
Baptiste Clavières, Mechanical Engineer, both of Paris, France, and of
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, for the Invention of "A NEW MODE
OF CONSTRUCTING STEAM BOILERS."
Sealed the 20th February 1855, and dated the 29th August 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Napoleon Langlois
and Jean Baptiste Clavières at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th August 1854.
We, LOUIS NAPOLEON LANGLOIS, Gentleman, and JEAN BAPTISTE CLAVIÈRES,
Mechanical Engineer, both of Paris, France, and of 4, South Street, Fins-
bury, London, do hereby declare the nature of our Invention of "A NEW
MODE OF CONSTRUCTING STEAM BOILERS" to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, first, in the new form of boiler shewn in the
accompanying Drawing.
Secondly, in the application of vertical & horizontal tubes united together.
Thirdly, in applying moveable fastenings, held by longitudinal bolts to the
said tubes, for facilitating the cleaning of them.
Fourthly, the application of cylindrical cast-iron joints for uniting the large
vertical tubes to the horizontal tubes.

page_text: Fifthly, an arrangement for feeding the vertical and horizontal tubes at the
same time.
Sixthly, the application of an indicating tube, placed at the lowest part of
one of the horizontal tubes, and also another on the highest point.
Seventhly, in the application of bent cast-iron cylindrical threaded joints for
uniting the horizontal tubes. The horizontal tubes are superposed above the
boiler, and heated by the excess of heat from the furnace.
Eighthly, in an improved cement for the joints of the generator, which.com-
sists of th parts of amianthes, 3th of pulverized porcelain earth, 16th iron
filings, th white lead.
Figure 1 in the accompanying Drawing shews a front elevation of the
apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Napoleon Langlois and Jean Baptiste Clavières in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th February 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Louis
NAPOLEON LANGLOIS, Gentleman, and JEAN BAPTISTE CLAVIÈRES, Mechanical
Engineer, both of Paris, France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Louis Napoleon Langlois and Jean Baptiste Clavières, Her special license
that we, the said Louis Napoleon Langlois and Jean Baptiste Clavières, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Louis
Napoleon Langlois and Jean Baptiste Clavières, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for A NEW MODE OF CONSTRUCTING STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Louis Napoleon Langlois and Jean Baptiste

page_text: Clavières, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Louis Napoleon Langlois and Jean
Baptiste Clavières, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:
Our Invention consists in new mechanical arrangements for the construction
of steam boilers.
Vertical and horizontal steam tubes are employed. The horizontal tubes
are closed by moveable stoppers, fixed by longitudinal bolts, by which the
sediment may be easily cleared away.
Iron elbow joints are employed for uniting the ends of the large vertical
tubes at the side to the ends of the small vertical and horizontal pipes. Feeding
pipes are so disposed as to supply the two sets of boiler tubes at the same time.
An iron indicating tube, provided with a water and steam cock, is applied to
the lower part of one of the horizontal tubes, and another indicating tube to the
upper part of another horizontal tube, enabling the same level of water to be
kept in the two sets of tubes. It will be easy for the stoker by opening one
of the cocks to ascertain the exact quantity of water in the boiler.
The horizontal tubes form serpentines, and are superposed above the vertical
tubes or generator; they are united by elbows with a screw thread, and are
heated by the excess of caloric from the furnace; they serve to vaporise the
globules of water which escape with the steam. By this arrangement of
horizontal tubes, steam at a high pressure may be obtained.
We apply a new cement for closing the joints of the boiler, not susceptible
to deterioration by the effects of heat, and forming one solid mass when set
with the washers, against which it is placed, so as to produce perfectly steam-
tight joints. The cement is composed of three-tenth parts of powdered
amianthus, three-tenth parts pulverized porcelain earth, two-tenth parts
iron filings, and two-tenth parts white lead.
In the accompanying Drawing, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of the
new construction of boiler; Figure 2, a longitudinal section; Figure 3, a
horizontal section; Figure 4, a transverse section; Figure 5 represents the

page_text: junction of two tubes of the same diameter; Figure 6 represents the junction
of a vertical tube with a horizontal tube; Figure 7 represents the steam and
water communication between two rows of pipes.
We claim, first, the employment of vertical and horizontal tubes, and the
mode of connecting, stopping, and setting up the same for the construction of
steam boilers, as herein-before described and referred to in the accompanying
Drawing.
Secondly, the improved cement for forming steam-tight joints for the tubes
of the boiler, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Napoleon Langlois, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-five.
L. LANGLOIS. (L.S.)