AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DAMPING TEXTILE THREADS OR YARNS IN THE PROCESSES OF SPINNING. WINDING. REELING. AND WARPING. OR OTHER SIMILAR PROCESSES.
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Leach, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR DAMPING TEXTILE THREADS OR YARNS IN THE PROCESSES OF
SPINNING. WINDING. REELING. AND WARPING. OR OTHER SIMILAR PROCESSES.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Leach at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd October 1870.
I, EDMUND LEACH, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DAMPING TEXTILE THREADS OR YARNS IN THE PROCESSES
OF SPINNING, WINDING, REELING, AND WARPING, OR OTHER SIMILAR PROCESSES,"
to be as follows:-
―:
In the process of spinning cotton, woollen, or other fibrous substances
I place a trough at the front and top part of the throstle, into which I
run water or other suitable liquid, and in the said trough I place a roller
and cause it to revolve in the liquid, over which wet roller the thread
or yarn passes in its progress to the bobbins and thus becomes damped,
the quantity of water or liquid required is regulated by the speed at
which the said roller is made to revolve in the trough.

page_text: In the winding process place the trough and roller to the faller
or guide of the winding machine which will operate in the same manner
as in spinning by damping the threads in the process of winding, and
for reeling the yarn will pass over the wet roller in its progress from
the bobbin to the reel, so that when the hand is taken off the recl it
will be sufficiently damped and ready for the market, and thus prevent
the necessity for the damping process now adopted, which usually
occupies several days.
This apparatus it is evident may be applied to the warping machine,
and also to doubling when necessary.
Manable the wallow to untain
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1.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edmund Leach in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDMUND
LEACH, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-fourth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edmund Leach, Her special licence that
I, the said Edmund Leach, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Edmund Leach, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DAMPING
TEXTILE THREADS OR YARNS IN THE PROCESSES OF SPINNING, WINDING, REELING,
AND WARPING, OR OTHER SIMILAR PROCESSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edmund Leach, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the

page_text: said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmund Leach, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the figures on
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon (that is to say).:-
:—
In the process of spinning threads or yarns of cotton, wool, or other
textile materials I place at the front part of the throstle a trough
containing water or other suitable liquid, in which I place a roller and
cause it to revolve at any desired speed, the roller being either plain
or covered with leather, card, cloth, or other absorbent as required.
The threads or yarns in their progress to the bobbins pass over or
under the wet roller, but in contact with it, and thereby become damped,
the quantity of liquid or moisture taken up being regulated by the speed
at which the roller is made to revolve in the trough, or by varying
the pressure of the threads or yarns on the roller, and in the various
processes of winding, reeling, warping, twining, or other processes where
the threads or yarns require damping I employ damping apparatus
similar to that before described.
In the reeling process the threads or yarns pass in contact with the
wet roller in their progress from the bobbins to the reel so that the
hanks shall be sufficiently damped and ready for the market when taken
off the reel, and as the threads or yarns are damped before they are
wound on they lie side by side in a straight and even manner perfectly
free from snarls and entanglements.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings I represent the application
of my improved damping apparatus to a throstle used for spinning
threads or yarns, and to a reeling machine employed for recling the
threads or yarns into hanks.
Figures 1 and 2 being end and front views of part of one end of the
throstle and damping apparatus; Figure 3 a detached view of some of
the parts.
Figures 4 and 5 end and front views of the main part of the reeling

page_text: macmme provided with the damping apparatus, Figure Ա ԵԶՆԱԿԱ
section of part of the same.
And, Figures 7 and 8 are end and front views representing a mode of
supplying water or other liquid to the troughs, and also a contrivance
for regulating the pressure of the threads or yarns on the wet roller.
In Figures 1 and 2 the various letters are marked on portions only of
the following parts of the throstle, a referring to one of the end frames;
b, the roller beam; c, the front rollers; d, the foot rail; c, the lifting
rail; f, the spindles; g, the bobbins; h, the flyers; and, i, the threads
or yarns. One end of the trough containing the liquid for damping
the threads or yarns is marked t, and one end of the roller m, the
threads or yarns i passing over the roller to the eyelets n, flyers h,
and bobbins g. To give revolving motion to the roller m I fix on the
bottom shaft n of the front rollers a toothed wheel o gearing by means
of carrier wheels p to the wheel a fixed to the shaft of the roller m, and
these wheels are changed according to the required speed of the roller,
and as the threads or yarns pass onwards in contact with the wet roller
they are sufficiently damped to enable them to lie evenly and smoothly
on the bobbins, and be prepared for after manufacture.
In the reeling machine shewn in Figures 4, 5, and 6, r represents the
end frames; 8, the reels; t, the fast and loose pulleys; u, the driving
shafts to which the reels are fixed; v, the bobbins; w, the threads or
yarns; and x, the banks. At each side of the machine there is a trough y
fixed to the end frames containing water or other required liquid, in
which the roller z is made to revolve, and the threads or yarns w are
in contact with the roller in their passage from the bobbins to the reel.
To each driving shaft u is fixed a worm a¹ gearing into a worm wheel 61
fixed to the vertical shaft c', having at the top a bevil wheel d' gearing
into the bevil wheel e¹ held to the shaft f¹ of the roller by a keyway and
feather, so that the roller can traverse to and fro as it revolves. On
each driving shaft there is a second worm g¹ gearing into a worm wheel h¹
working on a stud fixed to the framework, and having a pin out of
the centre to be used as a crank. On another stud there is a double
lever k, l, the lower arm k having a slot passed over the crank, and
the upper arm a notch or slot encasing the periphery of a disc or rim
wheel m¹ fixed to the shaft f' of the roller, so that when the machine
is at work the crank as it revolves works the lever to and fro, and by
means of the disc gives to and fro traversing motion to the roller for

page_text: the purpose of preventing the threads or yarns from wearing the roller
unevenly and forming indentations, and these operations take place at
both sides of the machine when it is a double one, as shewn in the
Figures. The threads or yarns from the bobbins v pass over the wet
roller to the recl and become more or less damped according to the
speed of the roller, it being understood that the gearing is changed as
required, and thus the threads or yarns are damped in a very simple
and efficaceous manner, and as the operation is performed before the
threads are wound on the reel they lie evenly side by side so straight
and perfect as to form a remarkable contrast to the hanks damped by
the usual process, which occupies several days, and which my Invention
is intended to supersede.
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 7 and 8 for supplying liquid to
the troughs and regulating its quantity as required I connect to one end
of the machine a cistern or receptacle o¹ to which are soldered or other-
wise fixed pipes p¹ having taps q', the pipes communicating with hollow
cylinders, which in their turn communicate with the troughs by
means of the pipes 8' and taps t, and at the sides of the cylinders and
communicating with them there are glass tubes u¹, open, at the top and
graduated as required to act as gauges or meters. When at the first
the troughs are to be supplied with liquid, it can be done by an ordinary
pot or can, or by leaving the taps q¹, t¹, open and allowing the liquid
from the cistern to run into the troughs to the height required and then
closing the taps, there being a tap v¹, Fig. 5, to allow the escape of
liquid if too much has been supplied or when the troughs have to be
cleaned; but when the liquid is only wanted to make up the quantity
absorbed or taken up by the threads or yarns the tap q¹ on either side is
opened until the quantity of liquid required enters the cylinder r¹ and
glass gauge u to a measured height, and when the tap q' is closed and
the tap opened the liquid runs from the cylinder and gauge into the
trough, and this apparatus can be applied to the throstle and other
machines with equal facility.
In order to regulate the quantity of liquid to be taken up by the
threads or yarns according to their numbers or degrees of fineness, I
sometimes vary the speed of the wet roller as before stated, but in other
cases I either lower or raise the roller, or raise or lower the threads or
yarns, so that the threads or yarns shall press more or less on the
roller and thereby take up more or less liquid, and this latter mode

page_text: is represented in Figures 7 and 8. At the front of the trough there is
a lath or bar w¹ having at the top a glass beading x³, there being in
the lath or bar slots for enabling it be held by the screws y. at any
required height, and it is evident that the beading can be so raised as to
only allow the threads or yarns just to touch the wet roller with scarcely
any pressure upon it, or lowered so that the threads or yarns press
heavily on the roller, and thus more or less. liquid is. taken up as may.
be required.
In the winding process I connect the trough and roller to the faller
or guide of the winding machine and cause the roller to revolve at any
required speed by bands and pulleys or toothed wheels..
In the warping mill I place the trough and roller between the heck
and collecting pulley, and in the twiner. I place them on the carriage
in the same place as the ordinary pads on which the threads or yarns
pass onwards, and in all the machines to which my improved damping
apparatus can be advantageously applied I place it any suitable position
and cause the roller to revolve in the liquid in any convenient manner..
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim, the improved damping apparatus for damping
textile threads or yarns in the processes of spinning, winding, reeling,
and warping, or other similar processes, as all such improvements are
herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Leach, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of March, in the year
'of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-onc.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within-named Edmund Leach,
in the presenc of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
E. LEACH. (L.S.);
Manchester.