THE USE AND PRE- PARATION OF CERTAIN SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES, FOR THE DEPE- CATION, PURIFICATION, AND DECOLORIZATION OF SACCHARINE JUICES AND SYRUPS OR SOLUTIONS, AND FOR NEUTRALIZING, DECOMPOSING, AND ABSORBING NOXIOUS AND FETID GASES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Isaac Dimsdale, of the City of
Dublin, Gentleman, for the Invention of "THE USE AND PRE-
PARATION OF CERTAIN SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES, FOR THE DEPE-
CATION, PURIFICATION, AND DECOLORIZATION OF SACCHARINE JUICES AND
SYRUPS OR SOLUTIONS, AND FOR NEUTRALIZING, DECOMPOSING, AND
ABSORBING NOXIOUS AND FETID GASES."
Sealed the 19th May 1854, and dated the 19th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Isaac
Dimsdale at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 19th November 1853.
I, THOMAS ISAAC DIMSDALE, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "THE USE AND PREPARATION OF CERTAIN SOLID AND
LIQUID SUBSTANCES, FOR THE DEFECATION, PURIFICATION, AND DECOLORIZATION
OF SACCHARINE JUICES AND SYRUPS OR SOLUTIONS, AND FOR NEUTRALIZING,
DECOMPOSING, AND ABSORBING NOXIOUS AND FETID GASES," to be as follows:
It is well known that peat earth, peat charcoal, charcoal made from
bituminous shale and other similar matter possess the properties, to a

page_text: certain extent, of decoloring and purifying syrups or saccharine juices,
and of deodorizing and absorbing noxious gases.
The energetic action of the above-mentioned materials is con-
siderably augmented and rendered more certain by the admixture with
these ingredients of other substances, according to the particular pur-
pose to which the decoloring, purifying, or deodorizing materials are to
be employed: For instance, for decoloring or purifying syrups or
solutions I propose to mix blood with the peat or charcoal, and then
char or convert the mixture into charcoal in any convenient manner.
For purifying or deodorizing gases I mix with the peat or. charcoal
the water of mines when this water is found to contain a salt or oxide
of iron, as is generally the case. I find it most convenient to mix the
peat or charcoal with marl, chalk, lime, or other earthy matter, and
boil the same in the water, as I find that during this operation the
metallic particles are precipitated from the water and become intimately
mixed or blended with the peat or charcoal and, earthy, matters.
Or, if preferred, the water may be evaporated to any given strength,
and then the peat or charcoal and earthy matters, by being macerated
or steeped in this concentrated solution, will, take. up a considerable
portion of the metallic particles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Isaac Dimsdale in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th May 1854..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
THOMAS ISAAC DIMSDALE, of the City of Dublin, Gentleman, send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Thomas Isaac Dimsdale, Her special licence
that I, the said Thomas Isaac Dimsdale, my executors, administrators,

page_text: and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Isaac Dimsdale, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise;
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland;
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "THE USE
AND PREPARATION OF CERTAIN SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES FOR THE DE-
PECATION, PURIFICATION, AND DECOLORIZATION OF SACCHARINE JUICES AND
SYRUPS OR SOLUTIONS, AND FOR NEUTRALIZING, DECOMPOSING, AND ABSORB-
ING NOXIOUS AND FOETID GASES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Thomas Isaac Dimsdale, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Isaac Dimsdale, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):-
It is well known that peat earth, peat charcoal, charcoal made from
bituminous shale and other similar matters possess the property, to a
certain extent, of decolorizing and purifying syrups or saccharine juices,
and of deodorizing and absorbing noxious gases.
The energetic action of the above-mentioned materials is considerably
augmented and at the same time rendered more certain by the ad-
mixture with these ingredients of other substances, according to the
particular purpose for which the decolorizing, purifying, or deodorizing
materials are to be employed.
For decolorizing or purifying syrups or saccharine solutions I propose
to mix blood with peat earth, spent tan, sawdust, or any fibrous or
woody matter, divided or powdered, and to char or convert the mixture
into charcoal by any of the ordinary methods by which charcoal is
made.
If peat earth or spent tan be used, they must be well washed pre-

page_text: vious to being mixed with the blood, to cleanse them from all dirt or
impurities. In like manner clay or other aluminous earths may be
used for the above-mentioned purpose, mixed with blood, and then
roasted or burned in retorts, kilns, or by any of the methods by which
charcoal is prepared. Bituminous shale, charcoal, or any description of
charcoal washed and cleansed may be mixed with blood, and if the blood
be fresh the mixture may be used in that state, or when so mixed the
mass may be re-charred. Either of these preparations can be employed
precisely as bone charcoal is..
In my first process for purifying or deodorizing gases I employ peat
earth, spent tan, or other fibrous or woody material, charcoal of any
description, or aluminous earth, either baked, or roasted, or raw, mace-
rated in or saturated with the water found in coal and other mines,
which water commonly contains a considerable proportion of metallic
matter in solution. The solid material may be subjected to the action
of the water, either cold and afterwards dried, or it may be boiled in it,
so that it may become more thoroughly charged with the particles of
metal held in solution. In the latter case the excess of water may be
evaporated by the continued application of the heat.
By repeating this process of maceration the peat charcoal or other
material employed may be charged with metallic matter to any required
strength. If preferred, the water may be evaporated to any given
strength, and then the peat, or charcoal, or other matters enumerated
may be macerated or steeped in the concentrated solution.
In my second process for purifying gas, in lieu of evaporation by
boiling or otherwise, marl, chalk, lime, or any alkaline earth or alkali,
well powdered, may be added to any of the materials above enumerated
before mixing with the water, the mixture being kept well stirred for a
short time and then allowed to subside. The supernatant clear fluid
may afterwards be racked or poured off, and if it be desired to increase
the strength of the saturation fresh metallic water may be poured in,
and the above process repeated one or many times, at pleasure.
By the processes thus described of mixing peat earth, peat charcoal,
bituminous shale, charcoal, or other similar or analogous matters with
water charged with metallic matter, a material is obtained for the puri-

page_text: fication of conl gas from ammonia and sulphuretted hydrogen; this is
to be used in the ordinary dry lime purifiers at present used in gas
works, spread upon trays, exactly as lime is now employed. The ma-
terial prepared by the first process of evaporation will be found effectual
for decomposing and fixing the ammonia, and afterwards it may bo
used for purifying the gas from sulphuretted hydrogen. The material
obtained by the second process will at once take up the sulphuretted
hydrogen, and if the metallic salt or oxyde in the water of saturation
be iron, by exposure to the atmospheric air its energy, when exhausted,
may be renewed again and again. The materials. of the first and
second processes may also be mixed or used separately, but together at
the same time on the different trays in the purifiers, or the one in one
purifier and the other in another. The benefit of having the combined
action of a metallic salt and oxyde together will thus be obtained.
I claim, first, to use for the defecation, purification, and decoloriza-
tion of saccharine juices and syrups or solutions, the mixing of blood
with any of the substances herein named, and the charring, burning,
or roasting of the same together, the material to be used in a
granular form as bone charcoal is now employed, and for the same
purpose.
Secondly, I claim for neutralizing, decomposing, and absorbing
noxious and foetid gases the mixing and saturating the substances
or materials also herein named with, the water of mines containing a
metallic salt or oxyde, and evaporating the water in the mixture by
boiling or otherwise one or more times, so as to give the saturation any
required strength.
Thirdly, I claim the boiling or evaporating the said water charged
with metallic matter to any desired strength, and then mixing either
of the same substances therewith, and afterwards drying the mixture.
Fourthly, I claim the mixing marl, chalk, lime, or any alkaline
earth or alkali with the other substances I have mentioned, and then
immersing the mixture in the water holding the metallic matter in
solution, and after stirring it well together for a short time allowing it
to subside.
The supernatant and superfluous fluid to be racked or poured off,

page_text: and fresh metallic water again added one or more times at pleasure,
the residuum being finally dried when charged to a sufficient strength.
The materials obtained under either the second, third, or fourth
claim to be used in the purification of coal or other gas from ammonia
and sulphuretted hydrogen in manner herein described, separately or
together.
I propose to revivify the purifying substance if the water employed
contain iron, when it has become inert for taking up sulphuretted
hydrogen, by exposing it to atmospheric air, but I make no claim to
this as my original Invention.
And I make each claim separate and distinct from the other..
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Isaac Dimsdale, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of May,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
four.
Witness,
R. H. GREY,
10, Melbourne Street,
THOS I. DIMSDALE. (L.s.)
Plymouth.
I. A. STAPLES,
15, Serles Place,
Lincoln's Inn.