Method of Transferring Chromotypes upon Ceramic Objects before Glazing the latter
Year: 1897

page_text: Method of Transferring Chromotypes upon Ceramic Objects before
Glazing the latter.
-
I, WILHELM WACHTER, of Ilmenau, in the Province of Saxony, German Empire,
Porcelain-painter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers in general to a method of transferring chromotypes upon
ceramic objects, and in particular to doing this prior to glazing those objects, so
that the chromotype has its place not upon the glazing but below the same.
My improved method is carried out as follows:
The ceramic objects after having been burned the first time are dipped into, or
coated with, a solution of a vegetable resin in methyl- or ethyl-alcohol having an
addition of varnish and liquid glue. The surfaces of the ceramic objects are then
able to receive the chromotypes, and the latter are then applied to said objects in
the known way.
Owing, however, to the presence of resin within the liquor afore mentioned the
glazing does not adhere to the surfaces that have been treated with said liquor.
To bring this about I coat the surfaces (together with the chromotypes) with a
solution of
gum arabic, or dextrine, or tragacanth, or agar-agar, in water or another
aqueous substance. The glazing is applied to the surfaces before said solution
has become dry, and the ceramic objects are then placed into the glaze-kiln and
burned the second time.
By employing the method afore described I gain the advantage of being able
to perfectly dispense with burning the ceramic objects within a muffle, and the
chromotypes are thus prevented against being damaged or destroyed by the glazing
cracking-off, which frequently occurs in a muffle. The method as described is
especially applicable for so-called foil-chromotypes; to make it applicable also for
india-rubber chromotypes the ceramic objects after having been burned the first
time are first provided with a layer of raw glazing, and then the solution of a
vegetable resin in methyl- or ethyl-alcohol with its addition of varnish and liquid
glue is applied. The india-rubber chromotype is now affixed to the ceramic object
and there follow the coating with the other solution and finally the main layer
of the glazing.
In another form of execution of my invention I compose the liquor in the
proportions of 150 grammes of spirit, 30 grammes of shell-lac, 5 grammes of oil o
turpentine, and 5 grammes of copal; and the glazing is composed in the propor-
tions of 200 grammes of the known liquid glazing-mass, 100 grammes of dextrine,
and 15 grammes of gum arabic. This glazing is especially intended as a raw
glazing if the chromotypes consist of india-rubber, but in this case the chromotypes
should be applied to the glazing in as short a time as possible, as otherwise the raw,

page_text: glazing gets dissolved by the water used in applying the chromotype to the said
glazing.
L
00 11
r
100%
Method of Transferring Chromotypes upon Ceramic Objects before
Glazing the latter.
I, WILHELM WACHTER, of Ilmenau, in the Province of Saxony, German Empire,
Porcelain-artist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention refers in general to a method of transferring chromotypes upon.
ceramic objects, and in particular to doing this prior to glazing those objects, so
that the chromotype has its place not upon the glazing but below the same.
My improved method is carried out as follows':
The ceramic objects after having been burnt the first time are dipped into, or
coated with, a solution of a vegetable resin in methyl- or ethyl-alcohol having an
addition of varnish and liquid glue. The surfaces of the ceramic objects are then
able to receive the chromotypes, and the latter are then applied to said objects in
the known way.
Owing, however, to the presence of resin within the liquor afore mentioned the
glazing does not adhere to the surfaces that have been treated with said liquor.
To bring this about I coat the surfaces (together with the chromotypes) with a
solution of gum arabic, or dextrine, or tragacanth, or agar-agar, in water or other
aqueous substances. The glazing is applied to the surfaces before said solution
has become dry, and the ceramic objects are then placed into the glaze-kiln and
burnt the second time.
By employing the method afore described I gain the advantage of being able
to perfectly dispense with burning the ceramic objects within a muffle, and the
chromotypes are thus prevented against being damaged or destroyed by the glazing
cracking off, which frequently occurs in a muffle.
Before proceeding further I will here point out various differences between
india-rubber chromo-types as hitherto known, and the collodion film- or foil-
chromotypes of commerce. Firstly these two classes of chromotypes are
distinguished by the fact that the first are printed in the form of negatives and the
latter in the form of positives, for the reason that india-rubber chromo-types are
placed upon the porcelain or other articles to be treated in such manner, that the
side which carries the design (or the design-side) of the chromotype comes against
the surface of the article to be decorated, whilst with film or foil-chromotypes
exactly the reverse is the case.
19
Furthermore film-chromotypes give more perfect results and are much less liable
to break than is the case with india-rubber chromotypes.
Another difference is to be found in the fact, that film- or foil-chromotypes can
be optionally moved over or upon the article to be decorated even when the film
or foil- chromotype rests upon the said article, whilst india-rubber types when once
placed upon such article, do not permit of any adjustment without great liability
of injury to the chromotype.
Furthermore film- or foil-chromotypes can be used to decorate large surfaces

page_text: whilst india-rubber chromotypes seldom permit an exact transfer to any large
surface, or if such transfer is eventually effected with india-rubber chromotypes,
the same can only be executed with much greater difficulty and much more slowly
than with the beforesaid firm or foil-chromotypes.
Lastly such film or foil-chromotypes can be kept even for years without becoming
unfit for use, (otherwise than by direct injury to the same), whilst the success
attainable under favorable conditions by means of india-rubber chromotypes soon
ceases, if the said india-rubber chromotypes are not employed soon after their
manufacture.
The method above described is especially applicable for the above mentioned
film- or foil-chromotypes; to make it also applicable for india-rubber chromo-
types the ceramic objects after having been burnt the first time are first provided
with a layer of raw glazing, and then the solution of a vegetable resin in methyl-
or ethyl-alcohol with its addition of varnish and liquid glue is applied. The india-
rubber chromotype is now affixed to the ceramic object and then follows the coating
with the other solution and finally the main layer of the glazing.
In another form of my invention I compose the liquor in the proportions of 150
grammes of spirit, 30 grammes of shellac, 5 grammes of oil of turpentine, and 5
grammes of copal; and the glazing is composed in the proportions of 200 grammes
of the known liquid glazing-mass, 100 grammes of dextrine, and 15 grammes of
gum-arabic. This glazing is especially intended as a raw glazing if the chromo-
types consist of india-rubber, but in this case the chromotypes should be applied
to the glazing in as short time as possible, as otherwise the raw glazing becomes
dissolved by the water used in applying the chromotype to the said glazing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The process of transferring chromotypes under the glaze upon ceramic objects,
having been burnt the first time, which consists in the application to the said
objects of a coating of alcoholic shellac, varnish and Liquid glue, on to or upon which
coating, the chromotype is transferred; subsequent hereto, covering the chromo-
type and the first mentioned coating with an aqueous solution of gum arabic or
dextrine, and finally the application of the glaze, substantially as described.
2. The process of transferring india rubber-chromotypes under the glaze upon
ceramic objects having been burnt the first time, which consists in the application
in the first instance of a coating of raw glaze; subsequent hereto the application
of a coating of alcoholic shellac, varnish and liquid glue, on to or upon which
coating the india rubber chromotype is transferred; further consisting in applying
to the india rubber chromotype and the before mentioned coating, an aqueous
solution of gum arabic or dextrine, and finally the application of the glaze all
substantially as described.
1
13
1909
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.