IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING RIVETS, SCREW BLANKS, AND OTHER SUCH ARTICLES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abraham Jones, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Pattern Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING RIVETS, SCREW BLANKS, AND OTHER
SUCH ARTICLES."
Sealed the 11th October 1860, and dated the 14th April 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abraham Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
April 1860.
I, ABRAHAM JONES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Pattern
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING RIVETS, SCREW BLANKS, AND OTHER
SUCH ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
In my improved machine, the rod from which the article is to be made is
fed into holes formed within a revolving disc, which disc is caused to move at
intervals by means of that motion known to machinists as the star or retention
motion. The shears for severing the required length are a pair of cutters
moving towards each other, and these cutters I place horizontally to facilitate
the application of water. The severed portion of metal having been carried
onward by the revolving disc, is headed by a tool which is projected forward-
by a cam, and returned by a bowl or tappet. Behind the steps or pedestals
of the heading cam shaft I apply a piece of cork or other such material so as

page_text: to give a slight elasticity. In making screw blanks or other such articles with
polygonal heads, I cause the punch or header to enter the dic, which I form
with a bevilled edge so as to prevent its being struck. The cam shaft I
provide with adjusting cottars so as to compensate for any wear that may take
place. The sliding part upon which the header is mounted moves in guides
which support its whole length, or nearly so; it does not, therefore, project
materially beyond the said guides, and I apply a loose strip on one or both
edges to follow up as it wears so as to maintain a proper bearing. The rivet
or other such article having been headed, is driven out by the blow of a tool
after the manner of a hammer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Abraham Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th
October 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ABRAHAM
JONES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Pattern Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Iler reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Abraham Jones, Her special license that I, the said Abraham Jones, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Abraham
Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING RIVETS, SCREW BLANKS, AND OTHER SUCH
ARTICLES," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Abraham
Jones, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Abraham Jones, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine; Fig. 2, a cross section looking
towards the right hand of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a plan view in section,
shewing the table, cutters, and revolving plate by which the blanks are pre-
sented to the heading tool. The main driving shaft of the machine is shewn
at a, driven by pullies or gearing (not shewn in the Drawing) in any ordinary
manner. Upon this shaft is a bevil pinion 6, taking into another e, fixed upon.
an upright shaft c*, which has its bearings at d, d. Upon this shaft is a cam e,.
which, as it revolves, arrives in contact with a bowl f, carried by a bell-crank
lever g, g*, turning upon a centre at h. The part g* of this lever is connected
to a rod i, which at its other end is jointed to a lever * connected to link k,
the said link being connected to the under part of a cutting tool . This tool
is mounted in slides m, carried by the table n, and is therefore, by the means
above described, caused to slide at intervals towards a stationary cutter o, and
to move therefrom. The form of cutters I employ is shewn in Fig. 1, each one
on its cutting edge having an angular recess. Upon the shaft C*, above men-
tioned, is a disc and pin P in gear with a star wheel q, which arrangement is
shewn in the detached plan view, Fig. 4, and constitutes that which is known
to mechanics as the "star" or "retention motion;" this being well under-
stood, no description of its separate operation will be necessary. The star
wheel is mounted upon a shaft r, which turns in a bush S, carried by or
formed within the framework; upon the upper end of this shaft is a revolving
table t, in which are apertures formed for the reception of dies u, such dies
corresponding in size to the rod from which the revit or other such article is
to be formed. As the disc and pin p revolve, they communicate a motion at
intervals to the star wheel 2, thus successively bringing the dies u between
the heading tool and a solid part W, which constitutes an anvil, but between
these movements the star wheel is retained steadily in its position by the disc,
as is well understood. Upon the main shaft A is a cam a, which acts upon a
bowl y, carried by a slide Z, moving upon guides on the framework; this slide
carries the heading tool V, which is therefore at intervals caused to descend
towards the dies u, and its return or upward motion is gained by the cam x
acting at top against another bowl also carried by the slide z. Upon the
main shaft a is a grooved cam 2, within which is a bowl 3 mounted upon one
end, a lever 4 turning upon a centre at 5; the other end of this lever is
jointed to a vertical rod 6, connected at its lower end to a lever 7, turning
upon a centre at 8, on which centre is another lever 9, which at its outward
end passes into a boss 10. This boss is connected by a link 11 to rod 12,

page_text: moving in guides 13, but prevented from falling below a certain point by the
collar 14; as the main shaft revolves, the cam 2 causes the lever 4 to turn
upon its centre, and to communicate a sharp upward motion to the rod 12,
which thus being propelled upward, enters the die which has been under the
heading tool, and discharges the revit therefrom.
The operation of the whole machine is as follows:-According to the
position of the parts shewn, the cutters l, o, are separated ready for the com-
mencement of an operation; between these cutters the rod of metal (heated
if required) is fed, its end being placed against a stop 15 to secure the right
length; the main shaft then revolving will, by means of the cam e, cause the
levers g, &c., to operate so as to close the cutter 7 upon the other cutter o, and
the required length of metal will be severed. The attendant takes this severed
portion, and places it in the die u, and the table t being then caused to
revolve by the disc and star wheel p, q, will bring the filled die beneath the
heading tool v, and the cam x will then cause that tool to descend so as to
form the required head. The slide Z, is then lifted by the cam * acting
against the bowl ], and the table is at liberty to be turned a portion of a
revolution, which movement will bring another filled die beneath the header,
and a revit previously headed over the rod 12, which then being caused to rise
quickly, will act after the manner of a hammer, and will thus discharge the
finished article. The cutter 1, after having cut the metal as above described,
is drawn back by means of a weighted cord 16 attached to a lever 17. Above
the cam shaft a, I place pieces of cork or similarly elastic substance, as at 18,
whereby a slightly yielding abutment is obtained, and beneath the brasses of
the shaft I place cotters 19, which regulate its lowest position; these cotters
may be adjusted, and also fresh pieces of cork adapted as may
be necessary
time to time. Within the slide Z, I place loose pieces as at 20; these pieces
are kept in place by screws 21 in one direction, and by screws 22 in the other
direction, and may thus be adjusted to compensate for wear.
The heading
tool is kept in its socket as regards its own weight by a screw 23, but has its
abutment against a gib 24, capable of adjustment by the key 25, and the said
gib may be changed readily to adapt tools for different sizes of rivet or other
such article. In making screw blanks or other such articles with polygonal
heads, I cause the punch or header to enter the die, which I form with a
bevilled edge so as to prevent its being struck.
from
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim, as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,

page_text: Firstly, the use of the "star" or retention motion for conveying the metal
to the header.
Secondly, the horizontal position of the cutters.
Thirdly, the use of the cam x for heading and also returning the heading
tool.
Fourthly, the application of cork or similarly elastic substance as an
abutment for the cam shaft, also the use of the adjusting cotter to the cam
shaft.
Fiftbly, the use of the gib and cotter 24 and 25, for the purpose aforesaid.
Sixthly, the application of the separate and adjustable strips to the heading
slide.
Seventhly, the, apparatus for striking the finished article from the dies.
Eighthly, in reference to rivets or other such articles with polygonal heads,
causing the punch or header to enter the dies, and making the said dies with
bevilled edges.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abraham Jones, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
ABRAHAM JONES.
(L.S.)