IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TRIMMING BEVIL AND OTHER GEARING
Year: 1877

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to John Smith, of Carshalton, in the County of Surrey,
and Josiah Course, of the same Place, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TRIMMING BEVIL AND OTHER GEARING."
1 Amment 187
1817
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith and Josiah
Course at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1877.
JOHN SMITH, of Carshalton, in the County of Surrey, and JOSIAH COURSE, of
the same Place. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TRIMMING
BEVIL AND OTHER GEARING."
The object of this Invention is the construction of machinery or apparatus for
trimming bevil and other toothed wheels, arranged and working, in the case of
bevil wheels, so as to traverse a cutter in the direction of a radial line passing hori-
zontally through a vertical line at a point coincident with the point or apex of
the "angle cone" of the bevil to be trimmed, and also to raise and lower vertically
the traversing cutter to follow the epicycloidal or hypocycloidal curve of the teeth.
For spur gear the arrangement for adjustment of the cutter to the required
curve of the teeth is employed, and the cutter traversed in the direction of a
horizontal line parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the machine; and-for
skew gear, the cutter will be traversed in an oblique direction to the centre line.
In carrying out the Invention a standard or main bearing bracket is employed,
either capable of sliding upon or fixed to a bed plate, such as the bed of an ordinary
lathe, and in line longitudinally with the axial line of the lathe head to which the
wheel to be trimmed is "chucked." Either or both the main bearing bracket and
the chuck head is to be capable of adjustment in a longitudinal direction. In the
said main bearing bracket is "turned out" vertically (and intersecting the longi-
tudinal axial line) a hole for the reception of a strong centre stud carrying a
radial bracket, which radial bracket is free to turn or radiate horizontally upon said
centre stud, and on the said main bearing bracket around the said vertical hole is
formed a recess or flange for purpose herein-after described.

page_text: The radial bracket is of required form for the reception of one end of a slide
arm, which slide arm is secured to the radial bracket by a bolt, or pin, or bearing, on
which it is free to radiate in an upward and downward direction.
In guides on or in the said slide arm works a sliding rest or block which carries
the trimming or planing tool or cutter, said tool being secured in a flap stock or
holder, similar to the flap stock of an ordinary planing or shaping machine. In
said sliding rest is "turned out" vertically a hole, for reception of a stud free to
turn, and in the head of which said stud a slot is provided for reception and
securing of one end of a connecting rod or bar, serving to give reciprocating motion
to the sliding rest and trimming tool.
The other end of the connecting rod is by a double joint and pin or (for trimming
skew gear) universal joint, connected to a slotted link for giving reciprocating
motion by adjustable crank or disc driven by gearing or band, substantially as in an
ordinary shaping machine, but the fixed centre of the said link is carried upon a
collar plate secured around and capable of adjustment in or on the recess or flange
before described, as being formed on the main standard around or concentric with
the hole for the centre stud carrying the radial bracket..
The outer end of the slide arm carries upon a strong stud an antifriction roller
or toothed roller or rack, which rests upon or is carried on a stand bearing or
bracket, said bracket being adjustable on a segmental slide by screw or any
ordinary means for the purpose. This bracket also fitted with a vertical slide
actuated by screw, lever, or rack and pinion to adjust the outer end of slide arm
and vertical position of the cutter, and fo said slide is secured' adjustable cam plates;
which cam plates are of the shape or curve to which the teeth are intended to be
cut or trimmed, that is, said cams are of the form of sectors of circles, or, of epicy-
cloidal or hypocycloidal form, and the antifriction roller on the end of the radial
arm works over the said cam plates, the radial arm being worked horizontally by a
screw, lever, or rack and pinion, and universal connecting link or rod either auto-
matically or by hand as in ordinary manner for the purpose.
Instead of using the cam plates the vertical slide may be actuated automatically
by train of change wheels or ratchet and pawl or by hand wheel to give either the
requisite rise or fall of the tool, when trimming either up or down the curve of the
teeth, as will be well understood, but the cam plates are preferred, and in either case
the horizontal action will be given by the means above described.
The antifriction roller or toothed roller on the slide arm is kept in contact with the
cam plate or rack on the top of the vertical slide by its own weight, or by simple or
compound lever and weight or spring when necessary.
For trimming spur wheels a separate sliding rest carrying the cutter is provided
to slide on the same slide arm, the curved shape or form of tooth being obtained in
similar manner to that before described, that is, by roller on cam plates, change wheels
or ratchet and pawl, or by hand.
For trimming skew wheels the end of the slide arm will be raised or lowered out
of the horizontal upon its joint on the radial bracket to the angle of the "skew,"
and the connecting rod for traversing the cutter will be jointed by universal joint
to the slotted link for imparting the requisite reciprocating motion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said John Smith and Josiah Course in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
November 1877.
JOHN SMITH, of Carshalton, in the County of Surrey, and JOSIAH COURSE, of
the same Place. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TRIMMING
BEVIL AND OTHER GEARING."
The object of this Invention is the construction of machinery or apparatus for
trimming bevil and other toothed wheels, arranged and working, in the case of
bevil wheels, so as to traverse a cutter in the direction of a radial line passing
horizontally through a vertical line at a point coincident with the point or
apex of the "angle cone' of the bevil to be trimmed, and also to raise and lower
vertically the traversing cutter to follow the epicycloidal or hypocycloidal curve of
the teeth.
"
For spur gear the arrangement for adjustment of the cutter to the required
curve of the teeth is employed, and the cutter traversed in the direction of a
horizontal line parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the machine; and for
skew gear, the cutter will be traversed in an oblique direction to the centre line.
In order that the Invention may be well understood there is annexed hereto a Sheet
of Drawings, the same being marked with figures and letters of reference, like letters
referring to the same parts in all the Figures.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, with slide arm carrying the cutter
removed.
:
Fig. 2, a plan with top of main bearing bracket removed or cut away at line x, x,
of Fig. 1, and showing link driving motion.
Fig. 3, side view detached of slide arm for carrying cutter.
Fig. 4, end view of bracket carrying the outer end of slide arm and showing
arrangement of cam plates for raising vertically the cutter to follow the curve of the
teeth.
Fig. 5 is a plan representing the arrangement of two radial brackets and two
slide arms to allow of trimming both sides of a wheel at the same time; Fig. 5ª is
a longitudinal central section of the radial brackets shown in Fig. 5.
>
Fig. 6 is a side view, partly in section of arrangement of sliding rest for trimming
spur wheels and skew spur wheels.
Fig. 7 is a front elevation of said sliding rest seen from the right of Fig. 6, and
shewing cam plates and antifriction roller in dotted lines.
Fig. 8 is back elevation of sliding rest, seen from left of Fig. 6, with portion of
device removed to shew the cam plates.
:
Fig. 9 is a back elevation, shewing arrangement for vertical adjustment.
Fig. 10 is a plan or top view of sliding rest shewn in Figs. 6, 8, and 9.
The apparatus consists of a standard or main bearing bracket A, either capable of
sliding upon or fixed to a bed plate B, such as the bed of an ordinary lathe, and in
line longitudinally with the axial line Z, Z, of the lathe head C, to which the
wheel D (shown in broken lines Fig. 1 and section Fig. 2) to be trimmed is
"chucked." Either or both the bearing bracket A and the chuck head C is to be
capable of adjustment in a longitudinal direction. In the said main bearing
bracket A is turned out vertically (and intersecting the longitudinal axial line Z, Z,)
a hole for the reception of a strong centre stud Ẹ carrying a radial bracket E¹, which
radial bracket is free to turn or radiate horizontally upon said centre stud, and on
the said main bearing bracket around the said vertical hole is formed a recess or
flange A', for purpose herein-after described.
The radial bracket is of required form for the reception of one end of a slide arm F,
which said slide arm is secured to the radial bracket by a bolt or pin E² or bearing
on which it is free to radiate in an upward and downward direction.
In guides on or in the said slide arm works a sliding rest or block G, which carries

page_text: the trimming or planing tool or cutter H, said tool being secured in a flap stock I
or holder, similar to the flap stock of an ordinary planing and shaping machine. In
said sliding rest G is "turned out" vertically a hole for reception of a stud K free to
turn, and in the head K¹ of which said stud or slot is provided for reception and
securing of one end of a connecting rod or bar L, serving to give reciprocating
motion to the sliding rest G and trimming tool H.
The other end of the connecting rod L is by a double joint and pin or (for
trimming skew gear) universal joint, connected to a slotted link M for giving
reciprocating motion by adjustable crank or disc N, driven by gearing or band sub-
stantially as in an ordinary shaping machine, but the fixed centre M' of the said
link M is carried upon a collar plate M* secured around, and capable of adjustment
in or on the recess or flange A¹, before described, as being formed on the main
standard around or concentric with the hole for the centre stud E carrying the
radial bracket E¹.
The outer end of the slide arm F carries upon a strong stud 'F' an antifriction
roller For toothed roller and rack, which rests upon or is carried on a stand
bearing or bracket O (shewn in detail Fig. 4), said bracket O being adjustable on a
longitudinal or segmental slide 0¹, Fig. 3, by screw or any ordinary means for the
purpose. This bracket O is also fitted with a vertical slide P, actuated by screw P¹
or by a lever or rack and pinion to adjust the outer end of slide arm F, and vertical:
position of the cutter H, and to said slide P is secured adjustable cam plates Q,
which cam plates are of the shape or curve to which the teeth are intended to be
cut or trimmed, that is, said cams are of the form of sectors of circles, or of epicy-
cloidal or hypocycloidal form, and the antifriction roller F2 on the end of the slide
arm F works over the said cam plates, the slide arm F being worked horizontally by :
a screw R working through a sliding block R', or by lever or rack and pinion, and
by an universal connecting link or rod R2, either automatically or by hand, as in
ordinary manner for the purpose.
Instead of using the cam plates Q the vertical slide P may be actuated. auto-
matically by train of change wheels, or ratchet and pawl, or by hand wheel P³, to
give either the requisite rise or fall of the tool when trimming either up or down
the curve of the teeth as will be well understood, but the cam plates Q are preferred,
and in either case the horizontal action will be given by the means above
described.
The antifriction roller F2 or toothed roller on the slide arm is kept in contact
with the cam plates Q.or rack on the top of the vertical slide P by its own
weight, or by simple or compound lever and weight F³ (as shown), or by springs
when necessary.
For trimming skew bevil wheels the outer end of the slide arm F will be raised
or lowered out of the horizontal upon its joint E2 on the radial bracket E¹ to the
angle of the skew, and the connecting rod L for traversing the cutter H will be
jointed by universal joint to the slotted link M for imparting the requisite recipro-
cating motion. The position of the link at the end of the traverse of the cutter is
indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 2, and the path of the driving crank or eccentric will
be in the direction of the arrow, and on the small circular line 1, 2, thus giving a slow
traverse of the cutter H, and a quick return stroke.
When working upon wheels of large dimensions it will be. found desirable to
trim same on both sides at the same time, and an arrangement of two radial arms F
is represented in Figs. 5 and 5ª for this purpose, the only alteration necessary in the
arrangement shown in Fig. 1 being to remove the central stud E of radial bracket E¹,
and drop therein the stud Ẹ of the second radial bracket, as clearly shewn in said
Figs. 5 and 5ª
For actuating the tool which will be carried on the second slide arm, a second
link and connecting rod will be employed, said second link being coupled to the
first link M by a rigid brace piece, so as to drive both cutters from the same t
motion.
We have here indicated the means for actuating the second cutter, but have not

page_text: shown same in the Drawings, as they will be readily understood by persons practiced
in the trade.
.
For trimming spur wheels a separate sliding rest carrying the cutter will be
provided to slide on the slide arm F (that is to replace the part G₁ of tho
sliding rest G of Figs. 2 and 3), but the sliding arm or arms F will in this case
be secured on a joint pin as E2, so that said slide arm will be parallel with bed B,
and simple reciprocating motion will be communicated as desired or convenient.
The curved shape or form of tooth will be obtained in similar manner to that
before described, that is, by roller on cam plates, the slide arm F being actuated hori-
zontally by change wheels or by ratchet and pawl. The details of said separate
sliding rest are shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, of the Drawings, and consists of a
bracket R, which will be secured by bolts R', Fig. 9, to the sliding rest G, and in
which said bracket is planed out horizontally a dovetail recess to receive a slide S,
which slide S is traversed in a horizontal direction by a screw S¹. In the face of
slide S is planed out vertically another dovetail recess to receive the vertical slide T
on the face of which slide suitable bearings are provided to receive the flap stock or
tool holder I. A hole is made through the top of slide T to receive a pin U on
which is mounted the antifriction roller V. Through the bracket R is made a
hole for the reception of a sliding block W, on the back of which is a snug W¹ for
purpose herein-after described. In the face of this block W is formed a recess or
slot, into which is fitted a bolt for the purpose of attaching and securing the cam
plates Qas before described. On the back of bracket R is a snug R², through
which passes the screw with hand wheel Y attached, and by turning this hand
wheel the sliding stock W with cam plates attached will be raised or lowered to alter
the position of tool or cutter H. A spring or weight Z is fixed to bracket R and
vertical slide T for the purpose of keeping antifriction roller V and cam plates Q in
contact with each other.
It will be understood that on turning the screw S¹ the horizontal slide S will be
driven forward, taking with it the vertical slide T, and the antifricton roller V
being in contact with the cam plates Q will thus give the required vertical traverse
to the tool H, and in consequence the desired shape to the tooth of the wheel being
trimmed. This arrangement of sliding rest for spur wheels is applicable with
slight modification to any ordinary planing, shaping, or slotting machine, and is
driven by ordinary driving motion for giving the required reciprocating traverse to
the cutter.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same may be used or carried into effect, we
would observe in conclusion that what we consider novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,-
1. The combination in an ordinary lathe of standard A, carrying radial bracket E¹
with slide F carrying slide rest G and cutter H, substantially as and for the purpose
herein-before set forth.
2. The combination of standard A with collar plate M² carrying fixed centre M'
and slotted link M, and with adjustable crank or disc N driven by overhead motion
connecting rod L, sliding rest G, and cutter H, substantially as and for the purpose
herein-before set forth.
3. The combination of the slide arm F, carrying stud F1, and antifriction roller F³,
with cam plates Q, and with connecting rod R3, sliding block R¹, and screw R, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before set forth.
4. The combination of the vertical and adjustable slide P with cam plates Q, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before set forth.
5. The combination (or not) with slide arm F of lever and weight F³, substantially
as and for the purpose herein-before set forth.
6. The combination in a planing, shaping, shaping and slotting machine (as seen
in Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10), of bracket R, slide S, actuated by screw. S¹, vertical slide T,

page_text: and spring Z, with antifriction roller V, and cam plates Q, substantially as and for
the purpose herein-before set forth.
7. The combination of vertical slide W and adjustable screw a with cam plates Q,
substantially as and for the purpose herein-before set forth.
8. The combination of bracket R and its appendages with sliding rest G, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Smith and Josiah Course, have here-
unto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.