IMPROVE- MENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING WHAT ARE COMMONLY CALLED STEEL.
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Lamb Scott, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING WHAT ARE COMMONLY CALLED STEEL. Tuaome "
Sealed the 18th April 1873, and dated the 7th December 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Lamb Scott at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th December 1872.
I, GEORGE LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING WHAT ARE COMMONLY CALLED STEEL
INGOTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing moulds for casting steel ingots
in four separate parts, capable of being drawn closely together so as to
make perfect joints, and of being loosened when desired in order to
allow of the removal of the cast ingot, but without entirely separating
the parts. To effect this I form inclined projections on two of the sides

page_text: passing through slots formed in the other sides, which are capable of
being forced forward by screws or similar appliances carried by cross
bars, and the aforesaid incline, together with the sides of the mould in
which they are formed are thus drawn forward and tightened upon the
other sides. The mould so formed is placed upon a suitable base, and
the steel is then cast in the usual manner, after which the said screws
are turned and the sides consequently loosened to allow the removal of
the ingot.
To facilitate the loosening of the sides, I propose to adapt cross arms,
or other such apparatus within the mould, which being turned press
against the sides thereof, and slightly force them outward, but the cross
bars prevent the said sides from entirely separating.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Lamb Scott in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th June 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
$
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Seventh day of December One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-sixth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Lamb Scott, Her special license that I, the said George
Lamb Scott, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Lamb Scott, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,. should.
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING WHAT ARE
COMMONLY CALLED BESSEMER STEEL INGOTS," upon the condition, amongst
others, that I, the said George Lamb Scott, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the

page_text: nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Lamb Scott, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :—
My Invention consists in constructing moulds for casting steel ingots.
in four separate parts, capable of being drawn closely together so as to
make perfect joints, and of being loosened in order to allow of the
removal of the cast ingot, but without entirely separating the parts.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents my improved mould.
in top view ready for casting an ingot; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the
same; Fig. 3, a horizontal section; and Fig. 4, a similar view with the
mould loosened after an ingot has been cast.
At a, a¹, are two plates constituting sides of the mould, each of them
being provided with lugs b, b', passing through slots formed in
plates c, c¹, constituting the other sides of the mould, which is thus
formed by four separate parts. Upon the lugs b, b¹, are formed inclines,
as at d, d, abutting against similarly shaped parts e, e, formed on the
plates c,
c¹ ;
and the said lugs are also furnished with slots f, f¹, through
which are passed bars g, g', provided at one end with projecting
parts h, h, extending over the ends of the slots f, and at the other with
pins i, . When a mould is to be prepared for casting an ingot,
wedges k, k, are placed between the bars g, g¹, and plates c, c', and
driven in, by which means the inclines e, e¹, being forced forward will
act upon the other inclines d, d', and cause the plates a, a, to be drawn
tightly against the other plates c, c³, so as to make complete joints, and
the ingot is then cast in the usual manner. The bottom of the mould
may be formed by the sand on the foundry floor, or a metal bottom of
any suitable construction may be adapted if desired. The ingot A
having been cast and having been allowed to become sufficiently cool,
the wedges k, k, are driven out, and a slight blow on the plates c, c', will
free them from the ingot, while at the same time the plates a, a¹, are
liberated from the wedge parts e, e', and are also free to move outward.

page_text: The mould being now raised by any ordinary tackle the cast ingot falls
out and another casting may be made as before.
In opening out the mould it is not necessary that the side plates
should be moved outward from top to bottom, as the weight of the ingot
when the mould is raised will open the lower parts.
It has been seen how the several parts of the mould are kept together
during the casting, but an important part of my Invention consists
in preventing the mould from falling entirely in pieces when it is
loosened for the liberation of the ingot, for when the plates.c, c¹ are
driven outward as shewn at Fig. 4, they are prevented from passing
beyond a certain distance by the bars g, g', which abut against the ends
of the slots f. f, in which they are situate, and the plates a, a³, cannot
move beyond a certain distance, because they do not become free of the
other plates c, c². The bars g, g¹ are prevented from moving out of
their slots endways by the projecting parts h, h³, and pins i, i¹, but the
whole mould may be separated for the renewal of a side or for other
purpose by removing the pins i and bars g.
I have mentioned that the mould is loosened from the ingot by
tapping the side plates, but this is not always necessary as the expansion
by heat sometimes loosens the parts sufficiently to allow the ingot to
drop out by its own weight. Fig. 5 represents my improved mould
adapted to cast ingots with rounded corners, and Fig. 6 for casting
those of a circular form, the method of using which is precisely the
same as that already described, the only difference in construction being
the partings of the plates a, a², c, c¹.
I have found the wedges k, k³, to be a simple and effectual means of
keeping the mould together when the casting is to be made, but it will
be obvious that other binding apparatus may be employed, as for
instance, screws passing through nuts carried by cross bars, and which
screws would regulate the separation.
By the use of my Invention I am able by the separation of the parts
to cast parallel ingots, and to readily free what are commonly called
stickers.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to

page_text: be understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part
recited Letters Patent, and as applied to casting what are commonly
called Bessemer Steel Ingots.
Firstly. Forming the mould in four parts capable of separating or
being separated from each other when the ingot is cast.
Secondly. Combining with separate portions constituting the mould
the bars g, g', or their equivalents for preventing the entire separation
of the portions when loosened.
Thirdly. The use of the inclines d, d', for drawing the sides of the
mould together.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Lamb Scott, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy
GEORGE L. SCOTT. (L.S.)