IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A COMPRESSED GASEOUS COMPOUND FOR USE IN GAS MOTORS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES AND APPARATUS THEREFOR and
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
We, EMIL CAPITAINE Civil Engineer, and OsCAR BRÜNLER Merchant both of
Berlin in the German Empire do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A COMPRESSED GASEOUS COMPOUND FOR
USE IN GAS MOTORS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES AND APPARATUS THEREFOR and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Our invention relates to a process and apparatus for the production of a com-
pressed or very quickly moving gaseous mixture which is explosive in a closed
space without any special addition thereto of atmospheric air, or of oxygen, as also
to the application of the said process and apparatus for working gas engines.
By means of this invention gas engines may be constructed so as to be com-
paratively very light, and simple, and to work at great speed.
Hitherto it has been necessary that gas engines should draw in the air and
generally also the gas required for their working, this being accomplished with the
aid either of a special pump, or fan, or by means of the working piston, which
forms a part of all gas engines. The new process and the new apparatus of this
invention for the production of the explosive gaseous mixture renders the aspiration
of the air or of the gas or of a mixture of air and gas superfluous. The explosive
gaseous mixture produced by means of the said apparatus may have given to it
any suitable degree of compression or travelling velocity, and is caused to enter the
cylinder of the gas engine so that it-the gaseous mixture-shall expel the used
gases, or gases of combustion from the cylinder. The expulsion of these used or
burnt gases from the cylinder by the fresh explosive gaseous mixture produced in
the said apparatus whereby time or mechanism is saved, forms an important part
of the present invention, accordingly not only is the invention to be looked upon
as consisting of the said process and apparatus for the production of the explosive
gaseous mixture, but as also consisting in the combination of the said process and
apparatus with a gas engine in such manner that the use of the said process and
apparatus shall render it unnecessary to aspirate or draw in the air and gas
required for working the gas engine. The process for the production of the said
.

page_text: explosive and compressed or very quickly moving gaseous mixture consists in
forcing liquid hydro carbons into closed heated vessels capable of withstanding
pressure and in utilising the vapours under pressure, which are evolved from these
liquid hydro-carbons, for supplying by means of an injector or of injector like
apparatus, a corresponding and necessary quantity of atmospheric air. A novelty
of the process is the utilisation of the vapours under pressure for the purpose of
carrying along with them and compressing such a quantity of air as is suitable for
bringing the vapours within a closed space to the combustion or burning point
without the addition of any further quantity of air..
The apparatus for the production of the said gaseous mixture consists of a vessel
having an inlet orifice for the inlet of, the liquid hydrocarbons and an orifice for
the outlet of the hydrocarbon vapours; the said vessel is also provided with a
heating arrangement. The apparatus further consists of an injector or jet apparatus
or the like. The orifice for the outlet of the hydro carbon vapours from the vessel
is so contracted as to obtain a considerable pressure within the vessel and so as to
cause the vapours to pass out of the vessel with great force. The orifice for the
: outlet of the hydro carbon vapours has also such a form that the vapours passing
through it escape in a compact shaped jet. The work to be obtained from this
vapour jet is, with the aid of suitably formed nozzles similar or somewhat so to
the known jet or injector apparatus, employed very advantageously as the carrier
or conductor of atmospheric air, the quantity and the degree of density or com-
pression of the air carried along by the vapour jet depending on the form and
number of the said nozzles. The quantity of the air so carried must be in a certain
proportion to the quantity of the vapours which proportion it must not exceed or
fall below. In case of too much air being carried along by the vapours the
gaseous mixture would be incombustible, that is to say it would not ignite, and on
the other hand, if too small a quantity of air accompanies the vapours, the gaseous
mixture would be incombustible within a closed space without a special supply of
more air. In both cases the gaseous mixture would not be suitable for attaining
the end of the present invention. No limits are placed to the degree of con-
densation or compression of the gaseous mixture or to its travelling velocity only
the degree of compression and the travelling velocity must not be too low. The
higher the degree of compression and travelling velocity of the gaseous mixture,
the better will the object of the present invention be attained, as the expulsion of
the gases of combustion from the cylinder of a gas engine takes place more quickly
and the engine may work at a higher speed when such degree is high, than in the
case where the gaseous mixture is at a low degree of compression and with a low
travelling velocity. A high degree of compression or travelling velocity of the
gaseous mixture is obtained by the use of a high pressure within the vessel in
which the liquid hydro carbons are evaporated, as also by the use of a suitable form
of outlet and receiving nozzles, of suitable size and at a proper distance apart.
In the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of reference indicate like
parts, Fig 1 is a part sectional elevation of our apparatus for the production of the
said gaseous mixture, and Fig 2 is a sectional view of a gas engine of a known
type shewing the way in which the used or burnt gases are expelled from the
cylinder by the gaseous mixture.
Benzine, petroleum or other suitable liquid hydro carbon is forced into the
vessel A (shewn in the form of a spiral coil of pipe) at a by means of a pump.
The coil of pipe is suitably heated by gas flames 6, 6, in consequence of which the
liquid hydro carbon forced into the same, undergoes evaporation. The hydro
carbon vapours generated within the spiral coil of pipe escape through the outlet
-nozzle C. The energy of the vapour jet escaping through the nozzle C is such that
when it is in the act of passing through the receiving nozzles C¹ and C¹ it carries
with it so much atmospheric air as is requisite to bring the vapour to the state
required for combustion within an enclosed space without further addition of air.
The taper form of the nozzle C₁ causes a compression and therefore an increase in
the velocity of the gaseous mixture. This nozzle is fixed on to a container D in

page_text: which the gaseous mixture becomes compressed. The coil of pipe A is shewn by
way of example as being heated by a portion of the hydro carbon vapours therein
generated, the quantity necessary for heating purposes passing out of the coil of
pipe A through the pipe al into the receiving pipe B after passing through the
nozzle B¹ and carrying air along with it. The pipe B" lies within the pipe B, and
underneath it has perforations through which the gaseous mixture, namely hydro
carbon vapours and air, flows into the pipe B. The pipe B has perforations at top
as shewn, out of which the gaseous mixture passes and there becoming ignited
forms the flames b, b. From the container D the gaseous mixture passes through
the pipe R into the cylinder E of the gas engine shewn in Fig 2 of the drawings.
In the cylinder E is the piston F suitably fitted to move up and down. The
piston F is connected with the crank H by a connecting rod G in the ordinary way.
In the periphery of the cylinder are orifices T T which are laid open so soon as the
piston has arrived in its lowest position as shewn in the drawing. In this position
of piston the gaseous mixture may pass out of the container D, through the pipe R
and the valve V into the cylinder E, and the gases which may at the time be
present in the cylinder E are expelled therefrom through the orifices T, T. When
the piston moves again on its return stroke it covers and closes the orifices T, T, the
valve V at the same time being closed by the action of the spiral spring S. The
gaseous mixture now becomes compressed into the upper portion of the cylinder
space Z and when the piston has arrived at the end of its stroke, the said mixture
is ignited in a known manner by an igniting slide or the like. The gas engine in
question presents no peculiar feature but rather resembles known forms of such
engines; it is only shewn in the drawing in a general way in order to demonstrate
a method and means by which the explosive gaseous mixture produced by means
of our novel process and apparatus may be utilised for expelling the used gases
from the cylinder of a gas engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The process for the production of a combustible explosive gaseous mixture which
process consists in forcing liquid hydro carbons into closed heated vessels capable of
withstanding pressure and in utilising the evolved compressed hydro carbon vapours
for the carriage with them of the quantity of air which is suitable for the com-
bustion within an enclosed space of the hydro carbon vapours without any further
addition of air by means of injectors, jet apparatus, or injector like apparatus in
conjunction with the utilisation simultaneously of the compressed or quickly
travelling gaseous mixture for expelling the used gases from the cylinder of a gas
engine substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.