IMPROVE- MENTS IN SELF-EXTINGUISHING CANDLE LAMPS."
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sanders Trotman, of Albert Street, Camden Town,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SELF-EXTINGUISHING CANDLE LAMPS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sanders Trotman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his. Petition, on the
29th March 1864.
I, SANDERS TROTMAN, of Albert Street, Camden Town, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-EXTINGUISHING CANDLE LAMPS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in certain improvements in self-extinguishing candle
lamps, whereby cheapness of manufacture, simplicity, and certainty of action
combined with safety are secured.
These improvements consist, firstly, in the attaching of the extinguishing
gear to the pillar of the lamp, instead of to the nozzle, thereby facilitating the
cleaning of the lamp, and also the placing of the candle therein.
Secondly, in providing a place for the extinguisher on the counterbalance or
opposite end of the lever, so that the portability of an ordinary chamber lamp
may be secured, and the lamp freely carried without the risk of the extinguisher
prematurely falling and putting out the light.
Thirdly, the lever on which the extinguisher is suspended is so formed as
to prevent the extinguisher striking the candle wick in its descent.
Fourthly, instead of a thumbscrew (or stud) for lifting the vertical rod, L.
employ a slide, which traverses freely the whole length of the rod, retaining
by friction only so much grip as is necessary to sustain the weight of the rod

page_text: when lifting it. This not only facilitates the setting of the extinguishing gear,
but allows the candle to maintain its right position against the nozzle instead
of burning down into the lamp, which would be the.case should the extinguisher
be absent.
Fifthly, in order to prevent any slight movement of the lamp releasing the
extinguisher and putting out the light, the vertical rod is provided with a
weight or spring (the latter is preferable) which comes into action only when
the lamp is held or carried.
I find in some cases the addition of an inverted cone on the top of the
nozzle an advantage by preventing the spilling of the stearine or other
material of which the candles may be composed.
In order that my Invention may be readily understood, and the improve-
ments I. claim more fully explained, I now proceed to describe them as shewn
in the accompanying Drawings. The letters of reference apply equally to
Figures 1 and 2.
A, lamp; B, candle; C, spring, pressing candle against the nozzle D; E,
arm attached to the lamp on which is centred lever F, at the extremity of
which lever is suspended the extinguisher G, which when raised is held in
position by the vertical rod H dropping into catch I. The extinguisher falls
when the vertical rod is lifted out of the catch by the adjusting slid J; this
slide being at all times lifted by the ring K, when the combustion of the candle
causes the ring (which is attached to the follower to reach the position it
occupies on the vertical rod. L, spring of curvilinear, which when the lamp
is held in the hand presses the vertical rod downwards by acting on the pin or
stud M, excepting when the lamp is set down, in which case the spring is
lifted to the level of the bottom of the lamp by the surface in which it is placed,
and thus the vertical rod is released from its pressure. N shews the position
of the extinguisher when the lamp is used as an ordinary chamber lamp.
I claim the improved construction and arrangement of the several parts of
self-extinguishing candle lamps herein-before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Sanders Trotman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th September 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SANDERS
TROTMAN, of Albert Street, Camden Town, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the
in the year of our Lord
day of
in the
.
'year of
One thousand eight hundred and
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Sanders Trotman, Her special licence that I, the said Sanders
Trotman; my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Sanders Trotman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
.during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SELF-EXTINGUISHING CANDLE LAMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Sanders Trotman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I; the said Sanders Trotman, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:
My Invention consists in certain improvements in self-extinguishing candle
lamps, whereby cheapness of manufacture, simplicity, and certainty of action
combined with safety, are secured.
•
These improvements consist, firstly, in the attaching of the extinguishing
gear to the pillar of the lamp instead of the nozzle, thereby facilitating the
cleaning of the lamp, and also the placing of the candle therein.
Secondly, in providing a place for the extinguisher on the counterbalance
or opposite end of the lever, so that the portability of an ordinary chamber
lamp may be secured, and the lamp freely carried without the risk of the
extinguisher prematurely falling and putting out the light.
Thirdly, the lever on which the extinguisher is suspended is so formed as to
prevent the extinguisher striking the candlewick in its descent.
Fourthly, instead of a thumbscrew for adjustment on the vertical rod, I
employ a slide which traverses freely the whole length of the rod, retaining by
friction only so much grip as is necessary to sustain the weight of the rod
when lifting it. This slide not only facilitates the setting of the extinguishing
gear, but allows this candle to maintain its right position against the. nozzle,

page_text: instead of burning down into the lamp, which would be the case should the
extinguisher be absent.
Lastly, to prevent the accidental lifting of the rod H when the lamp is lifted
'or carried, I so arrange a spring L, that when the lamp is lifted, the rod is
kept down by the pressure of the said spring upon the stud M, which pressure
is removed when the lamp is placed upon the table by the lifting to a level with
the bottom of the lamp the curvilinear part of the spring L by the surface
upon which the lamp is placed.
I find in some cases the addition of a inverted cone on the top of the
nozzle an advantage by preventing the spilling of the stearine or other
material of which the candles may be composed.
In order that my Invention may be more readily understood, and the
improvements I claim more fully explained, I now proceed to describe them
as shewn in the accompanying Drawings. The letters of reference applying
'equally to Figs. 1 and 2.
A, lamp; B, candle; C, spring, pressing candle against the nozzle D; E,
arm attached to the lamp, on which is centred lever F, at the extremity of
which lever is suspended the extinguisher G, which, when raised, is held in
position by the vertical rod H dropping into catch I. The extinguisher falls
when the vertical rod is lifted out of the catch by the adjusting slide J, this:
slide being at all times lifted by the stud K, when the combustion of the candle
causes the stud (which is attached to the follower) to reach the position it
occupies on the vertical rod. L, spring to keep down the vertical rod H by
pressing upon the stud M, whilst the lamp is being lifted or carried.
I claim the improved construction and arrangement of the several parts of
self-extinguishing candle lamps herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sanders Trotman, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
RICHARD SILVESTER,
Patent Agent.
SANDERS TROTMAN. (L.S.) 8