Improvements in Looms for Combined Ground and Swivel Weaving.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Combined Ground and Swivel Weaving.
A communication from abroad by Messrs. HESS, GOLDSMITH & COMPANY, of
No. 89, Grand Street, New York City, in the State of New York, United
States of America, Silk Manufacturers.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London W.C.
England, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
The improvement is applicable to all looms in which swivel weaving is wrought
in combination with ground weaving so as to produce figures. I make important
modifications in the details of such looms, by which difficulties incident to this
work are overcome and the operation is made certain and rapid. The experiments
have been made with fine silk goods, using box shuttles and various complications.
I will for clearness describe the invention as using but a single ground shuttle.
What is here termed swivel weaving operates by a set or several sets of small
shuttles carrying yarns of any desired color or quality, for the figures, which swivel
shuttles are guided in ways, and impelled backward and forward by a set of gear-
wheels operated in the lay. This mode of weaving is well adapted for weaving
narrow goods, as ribbons and tapes, a number being woven simultaneously side by
side a proper distance apart. Such weaving has also been long employed in
combination with ordinary ground weaving to put in small isolated figures of
different colors in wide fabrics, the swivel shuttles and the larger shuttle which
weaves the ground being worked intermittently. The combination of perforated
cards and accompanying mechanism, known as a jacquard, is used to determine the
figures by raising only the required warps at the opening of each shed. Mechanism
is provided which throws the swivel shuttles out of use and lifts them out of the
way at the periods when the full sheds are opened and the ground shuttle is thrown
quite across for ground weaving, and which arrests the action of the ground shuttle
and brings the swivel shuttles into play at the other periods which occur at
successive intervals during the weaving of each figure when the limited sheds are
opened, each composed of only a few yarns of the warp.
So far has been long known, as also provisions for operating by the jacquard to
determine the intervals during which each kind of weaving shall proceed. But
these latter have involved disadvantages, one of which has been a necessity for
This
making idle picks under some conditions, and the loss of valuable time.
invention overcomes these and gives the advantage that I may at each period of
swivel weaving put in any required number of swivel yarns, and at each interval of
ground weaving put in any number of ground yarns, the numbers in either case
being odd or even, the loom changing its condition promptly from ground weaving
to swivel weaving and back again without losing a pick.
The invention comprises also improved provisions for calling up different colors
in the swivel weaving. It has long been common to call up different colors in
swivel weaving by means of the jacquard operating through complicated connections.
I effect this by direct connection by cords from a proper head to dogs and catches
arranged in the rack, giving the cords sufficient slack to allow the vibrations of the
lay. The invention involves also an improvement in the catches making them
integral with the several levers or dogs which connect to the several rack-bars,
allowing the parts to be made with less complication, and to require less space.

page_text: A greater number of colors can be wrought by the swivel weaving, or, with any
given number, as the three shown, the parts may be stronger and simpler and the
shed will be less crowded.
I lock and unlock each shuttle holder by a curved lever at the front which is
easy of access, and takes up less width than the usual provisions for attaining
these ends.
The invention also involves improved provisions for effecting the ground weaving
and arresting such action at the proper intervals to allow the swivel weaving to be
put in, improved provisions for throwing the swivel shuttles and for starting and
arresting such action, and improvements in the means by which the jacquard
controls the head motion, and improvements in the connections from the head
motion to induce the several changes of condition at the required periods.
The accompanying drawings form a part of this Specification and represent what
are considered the best means of carrying out the invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation showing the principal portions of a loom.
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the upper portion, technically the head.
A portion of this figure, representing an ordinary monkey-head, is shown on the
right of Fig. 1, it being understood that the wire or other suitable connection
extends across.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1.
Figure 3 is an elevation of a portion partly in vertical section.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a portion.
Figure 4 is a front view on the same scale as Figs. 1, 2 and 3, showing certain
portions.
Figure 4 is a vertical section through the rack.
Figure 4B is a plan view of the rack.
Figures 5 to 8 exhibit portions on a larger scale.
Figure 5 is a front elevation.
Figure 6 is a vertical section on the line 6-6 in Fig. 5.
Figure 7 is a front elevation partly in vertical section.
Figure 8 is a vertical section on the line 8-8 in Fig. 7; and
Figure 9 is a vertical section and partial side elevation of a portion showing more
fully the mechanism for effecting the swivel weaving.
Figure 10 is a side elevation of the main parts of a loom embodying another form
of the invention.
Figure 11 is a plan view, showing the, mechanism in the lower part of the loom,
with a horizontal section of parts of the framing on the line 11-11 in Fig. 10.
Figure 12 is a front view, partly in vertical section on the line 12-12 iu
Fig. 10.
The remaining figures are on a larger scale.
Figure 12 is a horizontal section of a portion.
Figure 12 is an elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 124.
Figure 13 is a vertical section partly in elevation showing the head-motion.
Figure 14 is an end view showing the same parts.
Figure 15 is a corresponding plan view, and
Figure 16 is a perspective view of certain portions detached.
In all the figures, A is the fixed frame-work, which may be of cast iron or other
suitable material. The loom is equipped with the necessary parts, only partially
shown, including the let-off and take-up mechanism, the jacquard, the ordinary
harnesses, a ground shuttle and its driving mechanism, and a set of swivel shuttles
and driving mechanism therefor. C is the lay operated in the ordinary manner
and with the ordinary effect, having a ground shuttle thrown across when required,
in the ordinary manner.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, in all of which similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts, E is the rack carried on the lay C, having provisions
for carrying and operating three independent series of swivel shuttles G, carrying
a different color in each series, and equipped for being raised out of position for

page_text: work during any required time while the ground shuttle is working, and being
lowered into position to allow the required series of swivel shuttles to traverse the
limited sheds during the rapidly succeeding short periods when required to effect
the swivel weaving in producing the figures.
I is the cam-shaft, geared to make, as usual, one revolution for every two beats
of the lay, and carrying at a sufficient distance within the frame on each side the
usual rollers 11, 11, supported on rigidly attached arms adapted to actuate the
proper mechanism to throw the ground shuttle alternately in opposite directions as
follows is one of a pair of longitudinal shafts supported in fixed bearings,
adapted to be smartly rocked at the proper time by the rollers I¹ acting alternately
upon a shoe J which is mounted on a squared portion of the shaft J with liberty
to be moved end wise thereon.
The connections of the rocker-shafts J to their respective picker-staffs, and the
action of the latter, as also the arrangement of boxes, etc., not shown, for
exchanging the ground shuttles when more than one are used, may be of any
ordinary character.
When a shoe J is in the position shown, it is acted on by the respective
rollers I, and rocks the shaft J, and operates the corresponding picker-staff K,
which performs its usual functions of throwing the ground shuttle.
There are two
of these pairs of rollers 11, and two shafts J, each with its shoe, one near each
side of the loom, arranged the one to work the picker-staff on one side of the loom
and throw the ground shuttle one way, and the other to work the corresponding
parts on the other side of the loom to throw the ground shuttle in the opposite
direction. Both these work at the same time. but only that one is effective which
finds the shuttle on its side of the loom. The other strikes idly, but returns in
time to let the shuttle be received. Thus the ground weaving mechanism is ready
to stop and resume work at any moment.
When a period arrives for the production of the figures, this portion of the
mechanism is intermittently arrested by the movement of the shoes J'endwise on
their shafts J so far as to be out of the paths of the rollers I. During the time_
while the figures are being wrought by the swivel weaving mechanism, there are
interwoven with the several short throws of swivel yarns, ground yarns which are
put in by the ground shuttle and extend continuously across from one edge of the
fabric to the other. To do this, the shoes J' require each time to be restored to
their working position, and then immediately afterward moved again into the idle
position. After the completion of that series of figures there occurs a period
during which the fabric is woven plain; for this both the shoes J' are allowed to
remain continuously in their working positions.
The rack E is lowered into position, and raised again out of position for work,
by means of two vertical rods E' mounted in guide-eyes C¹ carried on the lay C,
and connected to the rack by rigid arms E. These rods are raised by the action
of springs E3, each of which is spiral and encircles its rod E and abuts at the
bottom on the framing and acts under a collar on such rod, and thereby lifts
or tends to lift it. The rods E2 are lowered at the proper intervals by being
pulled down by straps, one for each rod, which pass under idle or guide pulleys A,
and thence extend upward and are wound upon pulleys L2 upon the shaft L,
(see Figures 1 and 2).
The parts which thus put the swivel shuttles in and out of position for work, and
also further parts which throw the swivel shuttles when they are required to work,
are operated by a head-motion constructed as follows:-
A mutilated gear-wheel Q is mounted on a pivot R', fixed on a lever R, turning
on a fixed centre A2 and is raised and lowered at the proper intervals with gentle
force by a wire or other connection R' leading from a bell-crank lever S¹ operated
by a monkey-head S controlled by the jacquard in an ordinary and long approved
manner. When the lever R is lifted, it brings the mutilated gear wheel Q into
engagement with a mutilated gear wheel T', carried on a constantly revolving
shaft T supported in fixed bearings, and the partial gears engage for a sufficient

page_text: period to give the wheel Q a half revolution. The mutilated gear is so arranged
that after completing a half revolution the wheel T' may revolve for any required
period without effect. When, on the contrary, the lever R is lowered by the
action of the monkey-head relaxing the wire R2, the whee! Q is presented to
a mutilated gear wheel U₁ on the shaft U, revolved in the opposite direction. The
engagement of this lower mutilated gear promptly and strongly revolves the
wheel Qa balf revolution back to its original position, and then again releases it.
The gear wheels T¹ and U' are made extra wide so as to actuate another wheel
independently raised and lowered, as will appear further on.
Qis a pin carried on one face of the wheel Q, and connecting by a link Q' with
a lever V turning on a fixed pivot A³ and connected to a chain V₁ which runs over
a pulley A, and extending downward by a connected strap forming an extension,
is wound partially around a pulley L' on the shaft L.
A curved aperture in the wheel Q receives a stop R³ fixed in the lever R, and
controls the revolution so that the wheel Q will never be turned by momentum or
otherwise, beyond the required half of a revolution, except that a slight excess is
allowed to carry the pin Q¹ past the line of centres and insure that the wheel shall
not be revolved accidentally in either direction by any force received through the
link Q2.
P is a contractile spring at each side, adapted to exert a long and sufficiently
powerful action in opposition to the tension of the chain V. It connects to the
fixed framing and to a strap P¹ which runs around an idle pulley A³, and connects
to the shoe J'. A continuation of each strap P' leads from the proper shoe J¹ to
the periphery of a pulley L³, and is wound thereon. Whenever the head-motion
releases the chain V₁ each spring P asserts itself and contracts, drawing the
corresponding shoe J' into position for action, and by the same movement partially
revolves the shaft L and relaxes the straps P¹, allowing the rack E to rise into the
idle position. Thus conditioned, two pairs of the rollers I will act each on its
proper shoe J and vigorously rock the shafts J with the effect to throw the ground
shuttle across from either side to the other of the fabric, and put in a proper pick
to effect the ground weaving.
When, on the contrary, the head-motion, controlled by the jacquard string M
through a proper monkey-head S pulls on the chain V₁, it revolves the shaft L in
the opposite direction, with the effect to extend the springs P¹ and move the
shoes out of the path of the rollers I', leaving the ground shuttle for the time
being idle.
The same movement also draws down the strap P', and consequently
the rack R, and by proper connections partially turns the shafts O, O, and thereby
traverses the swivel shuttles through their respective narrow sheds from right to
left, and from left to right, as the case may be. These connections are shown in
Figs. 2 and 3, and will be described further on.
It may be well to explain that what is herein termed a monkey-head is a device
intermediate between the jacquard and the head-motion, which enables the changes
of condition of the head-motion to be produced by simply pulling and relaxing the
string M, (see Figure 1A). One pull on the string M, by the jacquard lifts the
weighted lever in the monkey-head S, and by the pawl S shown engaging in
the click shown, turns the star-shaped wheel S³ a twelfth of a revolution. This
presents one of the points instead of the recesses in the star-shaped wheel to the
upright lever shown, and by its connecting wire S (interrupted in the figure by a
portion of Fig. 1, but which will be readily understood as extending across), turns
the upper arm of the bell-crank lever S¹, to the right and raises the lever R, in the
head-motion. This has the effect to change the condition of the head-motion, and
to move the link Q2 and its connected lever V, strongly from one extreme position
to the opposite.
The next pull on the string M, by the jacquard lifts the weighted lever in the
monkey-head to exactly the same extent, and drops it in exactly the same manner
as before, and by the pawl again turns the star-shaped wheel a twelfth of a
revolution. This movement presents a recess to the upright lever, and the V-shaped

page_text: point in the latter is allowed to drop into such recess. This allows the upright arm of
the bell-crank lever S', to move to the left, and the lever E in the head-motion to
drop, with the effect to change the head-motion and its connections back again to
their previous condition and position.
Thus the monkey-head is a simple and efficient means for transforming
successive similar actions of the jacquard into alternate changes of condition of the
head-motion.
The shafts O, O, extend up and down, one in each side of the lay, and are subject
to a variety of motions. Each, by means of an arm 0¹, link O, and slide O³,
which latter embraces a slight widening on the top of the rack, (see Figures 1, 4, 4B
and 9), and thus is guided to traverse right and left on the top of the rack, is
ready to push one of the rack-bars F and throw the corresponding series of
swivel shuttles G to the right or to the left, as the case may be, and thereby
put in each shuttle the required length of swivel yarn of the proper colour.
This motion is effected by the cams carried on the shaft 7, engaging with a
projection N on a loose lever N, mounted on the stud A with liberty to be moved
sidewise thereon, so as to be carried out of the path of the cams 12, and stand
unaffected during the period while the ground weaving is being performed and
be moved into position to be struck by the cams and thereby to partially
revolve the shafts O in the proper directions at the required periods when the
swivel weaving is to be effected. The lever N effects this movement through the
chain N2 which leads up over an idler A", thence under an idler A, and thence
nearly horizontally across the loom (see Fig. 3) and connects to an eye B³ on the
slide B, having an arm B', which communicates motion through a 1ocking lever B3
to the corresponding opposite slide B', having a similar arm B, similarly connected
to the lever B³, so that the two slides Band 135 move simultaneously toward and
from each other as the lever N sinks and rises.
Each slide B and B has a rigid arm B extending downward (see Fig. 3), and
engaging with a horizontal lever (see Fig. 2), which extends obliquely forward and
its forward end is connected by a link D' to a horizontal arm 0 on the corre-
sponding shaft O. The forward portions of the levers D are urged gently together
by a spring D².
The movement of the lever N into and out of position for action, is effected by a
cross-shaped lever W turning on a centre A, and operated by a chain or con-
nection W leading from a horizontal arm of the lever W over a pulley A1⁹; and
connected to the lever V. It is operated by the head-motion. The return
movement is induced by a contractile spring W connecting the opposite arm to the
fixed framing. Certainty of complete movement is increased by a contractile
spring W³, which my correspondents term a tumbling spring, extending downward
from the upper end of the lever, and attached to the fixed framing below. It
follows that when the lever N with its projection N¹ is in the position shown in
Figures 2, 3 and 34, the swivel shuttles will remain idle, but when by the action
of the chain W¹ and lever W, the lever N carrying the projection N¹, is shifted
inward into the working position, it will be acted on twice in each revolution of the
shaft by the cams and the swivel shuttle G will be thrown.
During the rapidly succeeding periods of swivel weaving in producing a given
figure, the swivel yarns thus interwoven for short distances between the ground
yarns may be all of the same colour, or the colours may be varied by the working
of any one of the three series of swivel shuttles, the other two remaining for the
time being out of use.
The rack E carries three series of five swivel shuttles G, each series carrying
quills of a different colour, any one of which can be " called up" by the jacquard and
wrought into the fabric at the points required. It being understood that the jacquard
by old and familiar mechanism properly opens the sheds to produce the required
figures, this mechanism drops the rack into position and works the swivel shuttles
alternating with the ground weaving, either alternate picks, or with any number of

page_text: picks of ground weaving followed by any number of picks of swivel weaving, the
change from either condition to the other being effected after any number of picks
without losing a pick. My correspondents attach importance to this quality.
During the intervals between the weaving of the figures, the rack is elevated, and
all the provisions for swivel weaving are out of use, the ground weaving proceeding
in the ordinary manner, weaving twilled, plain or in any other variety which may
be required.
When the period arrives at which the figures are to be introduced by the swivel
weaving, the ground weaving is suspended, and the rack dropped into position for
work, and all the five swivel shuttles G in one series, that carrying the required
colour say red, are traversed each across its narrow shed in the ordinary and long
approved manner. These swivel shuttles may be returned, and, if required, may be
traversed any number of times to make any number of picks of swivel weaving
before another pick of ground weaving. Ordinarily, there will be but one pick of
the swivel weaving thus put in. Then the rack is lifted, and the swivel shuttles
and their operating mechanism are thrown out of use, and the ground weaving
resumed, the large ground shuttle being thrown across the whole breadth of the
fabric in the usual manner in either direction, from left to right or from right to
left, until one pick or any number of picks of ground weaving is effected. Then
the swivel shuttles are again lowered into use, and the swivel shuttles carrying the
same or another colour as the design may require, are traversed through their
respective sheds and the whole are again lifted.
These changes of colour are effected by the three cords M', (see Fig. 4) leading
from the jacquard acting each on an independent lever M³ mounted on fixed
studs A, and carrying notched wheels M³, which engage with hooks M* loosely
supported by pins A urged into engagement by springs Ms, but arranged to be
promptly dropped as soon as lifted above a certain height, and having attached
divergent strings M6, which extend through eyes A10, in the framing, and thence
down by wire extensions, each with a proper amount of slack through one of the
holes in the upper face of the rack E (see Fig. 7), and connect cach to a
lever M' which turns on a centre carried in the lay, and engages under a spring-dog
in the form of an elastic strut X, fixed on the corresponding rack-bar F. The free
end of each dog X is turned up and formed into a catch X' integral therewith.
The three slots e¹ side by side, are each of a proper length to allow the required
movement of the rack-bar to throw the corresponding series of swivel shuttles, and
is widened at each end. When a certain colour is to be called up, the jacquard
pulls on the proper string M' and lifts the attached lever M2, and by the strings M
lifts the connected levers M', and these lift the proper spring-dog X, and it
engages on the top of the rack by its catch X' integral therewith (see Fig. 8).
The form of the wheel M³ and of the hook M causes the latter to be instantly
released and allows the levers M' to fall, but the proper spring-dog X remains for
the time being protruding above the top of the rack E. The lever M' on each
side, the right and the left, for each series of swivel shuttles, is thus lifted and
held momentarily, but only one is effective in lifting and suspending by its
catch the corresponding dog. The latter is struck by the slide Os and forced
to move laterally, carrying with it the rack-bar F to which it is attached, and
correspondingly turning the gear-wheels and moving the series of swivel
shuttles G to which it is connected. This effects the proper throw of the swivel
shuttles which have the desired colour, and puts the corresponding yarn into the
figure. As soon as the movement is completed, each spring-dog X, by reason of
the head or catch X¹ having reached the wide place at the proper end of its
slot e drops down again into its ineffective position, where it remains until again
called up.
In order to set the several figures to alternate with each other, as is usual in
figured goods, the rack and the attachments require to be shifted to the right or
left to an extent equal to half the distance between the centre of each figure and

page_text: the next in a series. This has usually been done by hand, and is liable to be neglected.
This invention relieves the attendant from any such duty, and performs the shifting
automatically.
This is effected by a second partial gear-wheel E* (see Figs. 1 and 9), mounted
between the wide gear-wheels T' and U', before described, with provisions for
raising and lowering it independently of the adjacent partial gear-wheel Q. There
is a lever E corresponding to the lever R, on which this wheel E' is mounted and
there are similar provisions for raising and lowering it by the jacquard. There is
a link Q2, and a lever E8 similar to the lever V, which it operates. Such lever E
operates a chain E' which runs over an idle pulley or idler A", mounted on a fixed
pivot (see Fig. 1), and being led under an idler A, and thence around a horizontal
idler A, is attached to an eye E' on the sleeve E, which is fitted on one of
the shafts O, which extends up and down in the lay, and swings therewith.
Another chain E", which will be readily understood, extends in line with this
from an eye on the opposite side of the sleeve E10, and running around a horizontal
idler A, and thence under a vertical idler A", runs up and over a vertical
idler A, and connects to the same lever E6.
This mechanism is controlled by the jacquard through the wire E1, which lifts
the wheel E at the proper time into engagement with the wide wheel T', and
causes the wheel E to make a half revolution in one direction, pulling on the
chain E' and shifting the rack E to the left. Later, when a set of figures have
been completed and the loom is performing the ground weaving alone, and the
swivel work is idle, the jacquard, working through a proper monkey-head, not
shown, relaxes the spring or wire E, and allows the wheel E to be moved
downward by its gravity and the tension of a spring. This brings the partial
gear-wheel E into engagement with the wide gear-wheel U¹, and causes it to
perform a half revolution in the reverse direction or to the right. Each half
revolution actuating the chain E', and exerting force in the proper direction to
the right or left, as the case may be, shifts the upper end of the approximately
upright shaft O, and consequently the connected rack E, with the opposite shaft O,
and all the mechanism carried on the rack to the right or left to the proper
extent, and holds it in its new position until it is again shifted back and so on.
It is common in swivel weaving to hinge the shuttle holders E¹ to the
rack E in the required positions, and to turn each on its proper hinge when it
is desired to disconnect its shuttle or shuttles, and the corresponding driving
gear from the rack-bar, or rack-bars F, which are mounted in the rack. My
correspondents do the same. E are the hinges (see Figs. 4, 6 and 9).
Y is a thin curved lever, one for each shuttle holder E", having a handle Y¹
by which it may be conveniently turned on its centre E¹³ fixed on the rack E.
When any shuttle-holder is properly equipped with shuttles G, each carrying the
proper colour, and is turned into position shown ready for work, the lever Y is
turned downward into the position shown, and pressing with force against the
front face of the shuttle-holder E, holds it firmly in position. When, on the
contrary, it is desired to displace the shuttle-holder the attendant touches
the handle Y and raises the lever Y into the position shown in dotted lines in
Figure 5. Then the shuttle-holder can be turned on its hinge E" which move-
ment brings its gear-wheels out of connection with the rack-bar, and one or
more of the contained shuttles may be removed and supplied with fresh quills,
or otherwise attended to. On returning the parts to place, taking care to
properly adjust the shuttles, the ordinary gear-wheels in the shuttle-holder E
again engage with their proper rack-bar F, and the depression of the lever Y
holds it firmly in such position during the working period. The curvature of
each lever Y allows for the protuberance of the head or swell along the axis of
the hinge E.
It will be observed that this mode of raising and lowering the rack with its
attached swivel shuttles and their driving mechanism allows the rack to be held
down during any number of picks with the swivel shuttle. This avoids much

page_text: destructive wear of the parts and enables the loom to be driven faster while
making two or other number of swivel picks in succession than with the ordinary
method of raising and lowering the rack between each two of such picks.
I will now refer to Figures 10 to 16 inclusive. Similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in all these figures where they appear.
A is the fixed framing of cast iron or other suitable material, as in the other
form. The lay C is vibrated by links from cranks upon the crank-shaft R, as
before, and E is the rack carried in the lay and raised and lowered as required,
carrying with it a single rack-bar not shown, and a single series of swivel shuttles G,
for effecting the swivel weaving at the periods required.
K are the picker-staffs for throwing the ordinary fly-shuttle, not shown, for
effecting the ground weaving. The two picker-staffs are moved inward simul-
taneously as in the other form, so as to throw the shuttle across from a shuttle box
from either side, whenever the proper moment has arrived, and the proper
mechanism is operated to effect the ground weaving. M is the ordinary cam
shaft revolving as usual once for each two revolutions of the crank-shaft B. The
shaft M carries within the frame near each side of the loom adjustable collars M',
held in any required position by the pinching screws M². On each collar M¹ are
two arms M³, extending parallel to the shaft M and imparting a corresponding
rotary motion to the cam N, which is capable of being moved endwise on the shaft.
Each cam N is moved end wise by a lever P urged in one direction by the constant
force of a spring S, and urged at intervals in the other direction, inward, toward
the central line of the loom, by a wire Q, and a connecting chain Q¹, which latter
runs around idlers, and is wound partially around a pulley O¹ on a shaft O which
latter may be operated from the head-motion controlled by a jacquard not shown.
When the levers P, P, are liberated they are urged outward by the contractile
force of the springs S, and the cams N are moved endwise outward, on the shaft M,
revolved by the parallel arms M³. Under these conditions they act on the rollers R'
carried on arms fixed on the inclined shaft R, and impart a vigorous rocking motion
to the latter. An arm R² rigidly set on the upper end of each inclined shaft H,
connects by a flexible strap R³ to the proper point on the picker-staff or stick R*,
which drives the fly-shuttle.not shown.
When the period arrives for arresting the ground weaving to allow one or more
picks to be made with the swivel shuttles, the shaft O is partially revolved by the
head-motion, as will be described further on, and each chain Qis wound upon a
pulley O. This draws the levers P inward and moves the connected cams N so
far inward that they can no longer actuate the rollers R¹. So soon as the chains Q'
are relaxed, the springs S again move the cams N outward into a position where
they can again resume their action on the rollers R¹ and again throw the
fly-shuttle.
If it is desired to make the action of the fly-shuttle earlier or later, in either
direction or both directions, it is necessary simply to slacken one or both pinching
screws M, and turn the corresponding collar or collars M' forward or backward
relatively to the motion of the shaft M, and again tighten their hold. The
fly-shuttle will then be thrown in one direction or in both directions earlier or later
according as the collars have been thus adjusted.
The shaft O is revolved at the required periods by the alternate pulling and
releasing of a chain T, which, properly guided, extends up to the vicinity of the head-
motion, and is attached to a lever J, which is fixed to the horizontal shaft j, and is
controlled by a link I, which connects an arm from the shaft j to a pin H, carried
on the mutilated gear-wheel H. The latter is capable of being raised and
lowered, being pivoted on a lever H, which turns on a fixed centre, and is urged
downward by gravity, and, if necessary, by a spring, and is raised at the required
periods.
Above and below the wheel H', are mutilated gear-wheels H3 and H*, carried on
shafts mounted in the fixed frame-work, and constantly revolved in opposite
directions. Suppose the wheel H' to be now in the highest position, engaged with

page_text: the upper wheel H³-the effect of the mutilation of the gears is to release the hold.
as soon as the half revolution is effected, and thenceforward the wheel H¹ stands
stationary until it is by another movement of the lever Flowered into engagement
with the lower mutilated gear-wheel H*. When this occurs, it is actively revolved
a half revolution in the opposite direction to the first, and is again allowed to rest.
At each semi-revolution this wheel through the pin II and link I, correspondingly
pulls the chain T, and partially revolves the shaft O in one direction, or relaxes it
and allows it to be turned in the opposite direction by a spring or weight, not
shown.
The same partial rotation of the shaft O performs also an important duty
relatively to the swivel weaving, that of raising and lowering the rack bar.
0³ are
pulleys fixed on the same shaft O, on each of which is partially wound a strap 04
which runs under a guide pulley, and extends upward to a cross-bar E, the ends of
which are extended downward by rigid arms E, and take firm hold of the lower
ends of straight rods E², extending up and down, guided in bearings C¹, fixed on
the lay. Each rod is urged upward by a spring E, abutting on the lowermost of
its bearings, and acting on a collar E. The upper end of each rod E³ is connected
by a rigid bent arm E¹, to the corresponding end of the rack F. When the shaft
partially revolves in one direction, it draws down the rack into position for work.
When the shaft O is revolved in the other direction, it relaxes the strap 0', and
allows the springs E to lift the rack up out of the way of the ground weaving.
The throwing of the swivel-shuttles to the right and left at the required periods
with the promptness required is effected by a pair of cams U', U2, set a little
distance apart on the extended end of a slow shaft U, mounted in fixed bearings.
and receiving motion by gearing from the cam shaft M. These cams are each
pointed. They are set at light angles to each other as plainly shown in Fig. 10.
V1, V2 are levers set at a distance apart, corresponding to the distance between the
cams U, U. They are free to turn independently, and to be moved laterally on
a stud A, set in the frame-work, and constituting a part of the latter. The back
ends of these levers operate chains T', T' which run over idlers, not shown, and
thence downward undei idlers, and thence laterally inwards.
X is a horizontal rod, mounted in bearings A', near the base of the loom at the
ear, and free to be moved to the right and left, to a limited adjustable extent.
X1, X2, are stops secured in adjustable positions on the slide X and faced on the
outer side, with leather or analogous yielding material which will make a gentle
contact at each movement with the inner face of the corresponding bearing A
One chain T connects directly to the stop X. The other chain, T2, extends
across the loom around the idler A, and back again, and connects to the opposite
stop X.
'
Y is a lever extending forward and backward near the centre line of the
machine and turning on a fixed fulcrum A2, while its rear end is connected to the
transversely moving rod X by an arm X³. Each movement, of the rod X to.
the right or left correspondingly throws the front end of the lever Y, in the opposite
direction.
:
Yis an adjustable pin set in a slot near the front end of the lever Y. It connects
by a link E with the lower end of the lever Z, extending up and down at the
outside of the frame. The upper end of this lever Z is connected by the link Z', to
a vertical arm or pin F, fixed to the rack-bar. The rack-bar. is not shown, but it
will be understood that it is mounted in the rack E, and performs its usual long-
approved function of giving motion through a suitable train of small gear wheels to
the single series of horizontally mounted small- swivel shuttles G mounted in the
Suttle carriers E'. (See Figure 12.). :
: -
up
The axis of motion of each nearly upright lever Z, can be adjusted or down
us required to produce a considerable change in the extent of the motion of the
nack-bar with a given amount of motion of the lever Z. To change the centre
downward and increase the notion of the rack-bar, and consequently of the swivel-
uttles, the pinching screws Z' are relaxed and the block is shifted.downward on
B

page_text: the rod Z', and the pinching screw Zo is slackened, and the lever Z shifted upward
relatively to the block Z3, when both screws are again tightened. A reverse adjust-
ment will diminish the throw of the rack-bar.
This form of the invention allows a rapid action with little or no jarring or
roncussion. The stops X', X³, being adjusted a proper distance apart, strike
gently by their soft faces against their respective bearings A, and thus contribute
to arrest the motion of the parts. The centre or block 7³, being adjusted up and
down varies the extent of the throw of the rack-bar to any extent required, and the
rack-bar when it has completed its motion to the right or left with the parts
properly adjusted just reaches the proper extent of motion without any appreciable
surplus force.
Lis a T-shaped lever shown in edge-view in Fig. 10, and in plan view in Fig. 11,
turning on a fixed centre A³, and turned in one direction at the required periods by
a pull received from a wire L' which connects with the lever V, operated by the head-
motion and turned in the opposite direction by a contractile spring L' connected to
the fixed framing.
Its lower arm is slotted, (see Figures 12ª, 12B) and engages with a
the hub of each of the levers V1, V2, and moves them.
projection
on
The levers V, V, are thus shifted outward and inward on the stud A', at the
required intervals controlled by the head-motion. In the position shown in Fig. 11,
the levers V1, V2, are idle and the swivel motions are at rest, the cam U2 playing
idly between the levers and the cam U₁ playing idly in the position shown, between
the lever V, and the frame of the machine. This is the condition which obtains
while the ground weaving is being effected. When the period arrives for the swivel-
weaving, the ground weaving is arrested by the action above described, and the
levers are shifted promptly inward on the stud A', to a sufficient extent to bring the
In this position
lever V under the cam U, and the lever V under the cam.U?.
each revolution of the slow shaft U, alternately depresses the levers V1, V2, by
the points of the cams U', U', with the result of throwing the swivel-shuttles to
the right and to the left alternately. The combination allows any number of swivel
picks to be put in; then, on the shifting of the levers again into the position shown
in Fig. 10, the swivel weaving is again arrested and the ground weaving may
proceed as before.
In weaving a figure, it is common to shift the condition of the loom alternately
at very short intervals from that for ground weaving to that for swivel weaving
and back again. This mechanism allows of putting in two picks, or any number
of picks of ground weaving, and following with one pick, two picks or any number
of picks of swivel weaving. After any number of picks of swivel weaving or any
number of picks of ground weaving, the parts will be left in the correct position to
immediately resume work when required.
'
This head-motion involves the use of what is sometimes known as a pitch-chain
to determine the rapidly recurring periods of alternate ground weaving and swivel
weaving during the production of a set of figures, and to leave the loom free to
weave ground weaving continuously during the periods between the termination of
each series, and the commencement of the next succeeding series. The jacquard, not
shown, may control the action by moving the pitch-chain into the position to be
effective when the period arrives to commence a set of figures, and by moving it
again into the idle position when the figures are completed.
Figures 13 and 14 show this arrangement. W is the pitch-chain. It is carried
on a continuously revolved sprocket-wheel W, which latter is capable of being
moved to the right and left, the pitch-chain going with it. A wire We operated by
the jacquard in the obvious manner, not shown, actuates a horizontal bell-crank
lever W turning on a fixed pivot set in the top of the framing of the head-motion,
(see Figs. 10 and 14), and this engages with a lever W₁ extending down and
engaging between collars on the shaft W' which carries the sprocket-wheel W³.
The revolutions of the large gear-wheel W' fixed on the shaft W and engaged
with a smaller gear-wheel H* fixed on the continuously revolved shaft * are so

page_text: timed that the chain W is traversed one link for each revolution of the crank.
shaft, and consequently for each beat of the lay. The links of the pitch-chain are
connected by pins, on each of which pins may be mounted a roller W¹. These
rollers are distributed in the chain according as the picks of swivel-weaving are
required to be distributed in the production of a figure. Each roller W' is adapted
to act on the lever H and to induce swivel weaving, provided the sprocket wheel
and the pitch-chain carried thereon are worked directly under such lever. When
the sprocket-wheel and the chain are shifted out of position under the lever H, they
are of no effect, the lever H remains down and the ground weaving proceeds
continuously. But when the sprocket-wheel and the pitch-chain carried thereon
are by the influence of the jacquard communicated through the wire W shifted into
position for work, the traverse of the roller W' and of the blank joints distributed
between them, produces the required elevations of the lever H and the consequent
introductions of the swivel yarns.
It will be understood, of course, that the cards in the jacquard are correspondingly
punched to effect the proper openings of the sheds.
There may be any required number and arrangement of the rollers W¹ and of
the blank joints between them. According to the number and how they are
distributed, the weaving will alternate during the production of the figures. Thus,
if there are, as shown, twelve links in a chain, and each third link carries a roller W',
the weaving will change as follows:-First one pick of swivel weaving and then two
picks of ground weaving, and so on, weaving two for one continuously until the
figures are completed and the jacquard acting through the lever W³, and,
connections, again throws the chain W out of action.
.
its
H³ is a lever turning on a fixed centre and actuated by a cam H' on the lower
shaft h. Its upper arm carries a knife H7, which releases the lever H at the
required periods to allow it to rise and sink, and then engages under or over such
lever and holds it firmly in position up or down. This contributes to the firmness
of support of the mutilated gear-wheel H', carried on the lever H, and consequently
to the certainty of action of the head-motion.
The shifting of the whole series of swivel shuttles, and the moving mechanism
therefor to the right and left, so as to produce the several lines of figures in joggled
or alternated positions, is done by shifting the rack E, and its contents, and the
connected upright bar to the right and left alternately, it being held in each
position by a spring carried on the lay engaging in a shallow notch in the rack, as
shown in Fig. 12. It will be understood that the upright bar Z is hinged at the
bottom, and tied to the rack bar E by a horizontal bar E8 so that it may be shifted
to the right and left, thereby carrying with it to the proper distance the centre
block Z, on which the lever Z turns. This arrangement provides that when the
bar Z is inclined to the right, as shown, the reciprocations of the rack-bar, and
consequently of the swivel shuttles, will take place in the correct position to form
the series of figures nearest the right side of the fabric. Then during the interval
between the weaving of this set of figures and the next, the operator shifts the
bar and with it the rack E, the proper measure to the left, thus properly shifting
the position of the centre of the lever Z, so that the next time the swivel weaving
is commenced the whole, mechanism, including the entire series of swivel shuttles
and the mechanism for supporting and operating them, will be worked precisely the
same as before, but further to the left so that the figures will properly alternate in
position on the fabric.
Modifications may be made without departing from the principle or sacrificing
the advantages of the invention. Other means than the constant tension of the
springs S may be used to move the cams N into the acting position. Other means
than the springs E' may be employed, to raise the rack.

page_text: Improvements in Looms for Combined Ground
.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
England. Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
which has been communicated to me from abroad by Messrs. Hess, Goldsmith
& Company, of No. 89 Grand Street, New York City, in the State of New York,
United States of America, Silk Manufacturers, and in what manner the same is
to be performed: to be particularly described and ascertained by the following
statement :-
The improvement is applicable to all looms in which swivel weaving is wrought
in combination with ground weaving so as to produce figures. I make important
modifications in the details of such looms, by which difficulties incident to this work
are overcome and the operation is made certain and rapid: The experiments have
been made with fine silk goods, using box shuttles and various complications.
I will for clearness describe the invention as using but a single ground shuttle.
What is here termed swivel weaving operates by a set or several sets of small
shuttles carrying yarns of any desired color or quality, for the figures, which swivel
shuttles are guided in ways, and impelled backward and forward by a set of gear-
wheels operated in the lay. This mode of weaving is well adapted for weaving
narrow goods, as ribbons and tapes, a number being woven simultaneously side by
side a proper distance apart. Such weaving has also been long employed in
combination with ordinary ground weaving to put in small isolated 'figures of
different colors in wide fabrics, the swivel shuttles and the larger shuttle which
weaves the ground being worked intermittently. The combination of perforated
cards and accompanying mechanism, known as a jacquard, is used to determine the
figures by raising only the required warps at the opening of each shed. Mechanism is
provided which throws the swivel shuttles out of use and lifts them out of the way
at the periods when the full sheds are opened and the ground shuttle is thrown quite
across for ground weaving, and which arrests the action of the ground shuttle and
brings the swivel shuttles into play at the other periods which occur at successive
intervals during the weaving of each figure when the limited sheds are opened, each
composed of only a few yarns of the warp.
So far has been long known, as also provisions for operating by the jacquard to
determine the intervals during which each kind of weaving shall proceed. But
these latter have involved disadvantages, one of which has been a necessity for
making idle picks under some conditions and the loss of valuable time. This
invention overcomes these and gives the advantage that I may at each period of
swivel weaving put in any required number of swivel yarns, and at each interval of
ground weaving put in any number of ground yarns, the numbers in either case
being odd or even, the loom changing its condition promptly from ground weaving
to swivel weaving and back again without losing a pick.
The invention comprises also improved provisions for calling up different colors
in the swivel weaving. It has long been common to call up different colors in
swivel weaving by means of the jacquard operating through complicated connections.
I effect this by direct connection by cords from a proper head to dogs and catches
arranged in the rack, giving the cords sufficient slack to allow the vibrations of the
lay. The invention involves also an improvement in the catches, making them
integral with the several levers or dogs which connect to the several rack-bars,
allowing the parts to be made with less complication, and to require less space.
greater number of colors can be wrought by the swivel weaving, or, with any
given number, as. the three shown, the parts may be stronger and simpler and the
shed will be less crowded.
A

page_text: limited sheds during the rapidly succeeding short periods when required to effect
the swivel weaving in producing the figures.
I is the cam-shaft, geared to make, as usual, one revolution for every two beats
of the lay, and carrying at a sufficient distance within the frame on each side the
usual nollers, 11, supported on gidly attached arms adapted to actuate the
proper mechanism to throw the ground shuttle alternately in opposite directions as
follows is one of a pair of longitudinal shafts supported in fixed bearings,
I adapted to be smartly rocked at the proper time by the rollers l' acting alternately
upon a shoe J which is mounted on a squared portion of the shaft J with liberty
to be moved end wise thereon.
:
The connections of the rocker-shafts J to their respective picker-staffs, and the
action of the latter, as also the arrangement of boxes, etc., not shown, for
...exchanging the ground shuttles when more than one are used, may be of any
ordinary character. -4
When a shoe J's in the position shown, it is acted on by the respective rollers I',
and rocks the shaft J, and operates the corresponding picker-staff K, which
performs its usual functions of throwing the ground shuttle. There are two of
these pairs of rollers I, 1, and two shafts J, each with its shoe, one near each side
of the loom, arranged the one to work the picker-staff on one side of the loom and
throw the ground shuttle one way, and the other to work the corresponding parts
on the other side of the loom to throw the ground shuttle in the opposite direction.
Both these work at the same time, but only that one is effective which finds the
shuttle on its side of the loom. The other strikes idly, but returns in time to let
the shuttle be received. Thus the ground weaving mechanism is ready to stop and
resume work at any moment.
1
When a period arrives for the production. of the figures, this portion of the
mechanism is intermittently arrested by the movement of the shoes J¹ endwise
on their shafts J. so far as to be out of the paths of the. rollers. 1. During the
time while the figures are being wrought by the swivel weaving mechanism, there
are interwoven with the several short throws of swivel yarns, ground yarns, which
19are put in by the ground shuttle and extend continuously across from one edge of
the fabric to the other. To do this, the shoes J' require each time to be. restored
od to theirqworking position, and then immediately afterward; moved again into the
mi idle-position! After the completion of that series of figures there occurs a period
during which the fabric is woven plain; for this both the shoes J¹ are allowed to
i remains continuously in their working positions: 4917
The rack E is lowered into position, and raised again out of position for work; by
means of two vertical rods E' mounted in guide-eyes C₁ carried on, the lay!C, and
connected to the rack by rigid arms E!. These rodstare raised iby. the action of
springs E, each of which is ispiral and encircles its rod E and abuts at the bottom
on the framing landt acts under a collar on such rod and..thereby lifts or tends to
lift it. The rods E are lowered at the properi intervals by being pulled down by
straps E, one for each rod, which pass under.. idle or guide pulleys A, and thence
extend upward and are wound upon pulleys Lupon the shaft L. (See Figures 1
and 9. o 1-9 to od vam doinformationgit it he al
iThe parts, which thus put the swivel shuttles in-and out of position for work; and
also further parts which throw the swivel-shuttles when they are required.to work,
olareloperated by a head motion constructed as follows:- big
TonA: mutilated gear-wheelQis mounted on a pivot Rfixed on a lever R, turning
boonja fixed center, A anddis raised and lowered at the proper.intervals with gentle
force by a wire or other connection R2 leading from a bell-crank lever! S' operated
onby a monkey-head: Sucontrolled by the jacquard in an ordinary and long-approved
ecmanner. When the levers Reis lifted, it brings-ithe, mutilated gear wheelQuinto
giengagement with al-mutilatedoigear-wheel Ti carried on a constantly revolving
Toshaft supported in fixed bearings, and the partiabigears engagel for a sufficient
period to give the wheels Qaalhalf revolution. The smutilated gear is so larranged
or that after completing a half revolution the wheel Tomay revolve for any required

page_text: period without effect. When, on the contrary, the lever R is lowered by the action.
of the monkey-head relaxing the wire R', the wheel Q is presented to a mutilated
gear-wheel U on the shaft U, revolved in the opposite direction. The engage-
ment of this lower mutilated gear promptly and strongly revolves the wheel Qa
half revolution back to its original position, and then again releases it. The
gear-wheels T and U₁ are made extra wide so as to actuate another wheel
independently raised and lowered, as will appear further on.
Qis a pin carried on one face of the wheel Q, and connecting by a link Q with
a lever V turning on a fixed pivot A³ and connected to a chain V₁ which runs over
a pulley A, and extending downward by a connected strap forming an extension, is .
wound partially around a pulley L' on the shaft L.
1 F
A curved aperture 7 in the wheel Q receives a stop R³ fixed in the lever, R, and
controls the revolution so that the wheel Q will never be turned by momentum, or
otherwise, beyond the required half of a revolution, except that a slight excess is
allowed to carry the pin Q1 past the line of centers and insure that the wheel
hall not be revolved accidentally in either direction by any force received,
through the link Q².
IP is a contractile, spring at each side, adapted to exert a long and sufficiently;
powerful action in opposition to the tension of the chain V. It connects to the
fixed framing and to a strap P¹ which runs around an idle pulley A', and connects,
to the shoe J. A continuation of each strap P' leads from the proper shoe J' to
the periphery of a pulley L³, and is wound thereon. Whenever the head-motion
relaxes the chain V each spring P asserts itself and contracts, drawing the corre-
sponding shoe into position for action, and by the same movement partially
revolves the shaft L and relaxes the straps P', allowing the rack E to rise into
the idle position. Thus conditioned, two pairs of the rollers will act each on
its proper shoe J¹ and vigorously rock the shafts J with the effect to throw the
ground shuttle across from either side to the other of the fabric, and put in a proper
pick to effect the ground weaving.
When, on the contrary, the head-motion, controlled by the jacquard string M;
through a proper monkey-head S pulls on the chain V1, it revolves the shaft Lin
the opposite direction, with the effect to extend the springs P and move the shoes J1
out of the path of the rollers I, leaving the ground shuttle for the time being idle.
The same movement, also draws down the strap P, and consequently the rack E,,
and by proper connections partially, turns the shafts. O,,O, and thereby, traverses,
the swivel shuttles through their respective narrow sheds, from right to left, and
from left to right, as the case may be. These connections are shown in Figs. 2
and 3, and will be described further on.
[]
It may be well to explain that what is herein termed, a monkey-head is a device.
intermediate between the jacquard and the head-motion, which enables the changes
of condition of the, head-motion to be produced by simply pulling and relaxing,
the string M, (see Figure 1A). One pull on the string M, by the jacquard, lifts the
weighted lever in the monkey-head S', and by the. pawl S shown engaging in the,
click shown, turns the star-shaped wheel S³ a twelfth of a revolution. This
presents one of the points, instead of the recesses in. the star-shaped wheel to the
upright lever. shown, and by its connecting. wire S (interrupted in the figure by a
ortion of Fig. 1, but which will be readily understood as extending across) turns
the upper arm of the bell-crank lever S', to the right and raises the lever R, in the
head-motion. This has the effect to change the condition of the head-motion, and
to move the link Q and its connected lever V, strongly from one extreme position.
to the opposite.
9
The next pull on the string M, by the jacquard lifts the weighted lever in the
monkey-head to exactly the same extent, and drops it in exactly the same manner
as before, and by, the pawl again turns the star-shaped wheel a twelfth of a.
revolution. This movement presents a recess to the upright lever, and the
V-shaped point in the latter is allowed to drop into such recess. This allows the
upright arm of the bell-crank lever S', to move to the left, and the lever R in

page_text: the head-motion to drop, with the effect to change the head-motion and its connec-
tions back again to their previous condition and position..
Thus the monkey-head is a simple and efficient means for transforming successive
similar actions of the jacquard into alternate changes of condition of the head-
motion.
The shafts O, O. extend up and down, one in each side of the lay, and are subject
to a variety of motions. Each, by means of an arm 1, link O2 and slide O³, which
latter embraces a slight widening on the top of the rack, (see Figures 1, 4, 48, and 9)
and thus is guided to traverse right and left on the top of the rack, is ready to
push any one of the rack-bars F and throw the corresponding series of swivel
shuttles G to the right or to the left, as the case may be, and thereby put in by
each shuttle the required length of swivel yarn of the proper color.
This motion is effected by the cams 12 carried on the shaft I, engaging with a
projection N on a loose lever N, mounted on the stud A with liberty to be moved
sidewise thereon. so as to be carried out of the path of the cams 12, and stand
unaffected during the period while the ground weaving is being performed, and be
moved into position to be struck by the cams 12 and thereby to partially revolve
the shafts in the proper directions at. the required periods when the swivel
weaving is to be effected. The lever N effects this movement through the
chain N which leads up over an idler A", thence under an idler A, and thence
nearly horizontally across the loom (see Fig. 3) and connects to an eye B² on the
slide B. having an arm B', which communicates motion through a rocking lever B'
to the corresponding opposite side B having a similar arm B, similarly connected
to the lever B³, so that the two slides B and B move simultaneously toward and
from each other as the lever N sinks and 11ses.
Each side B and B has a rigid arm B extending downward (see Fig. 3), and
engaging with a horizontal lever D (see Fig. 2), which extends obliquely forward
and its forward end is connected by a link D¹ to a horizontal arm (4 on the corre-
sponding shaft O. The forward portions of the levers D are urged gently together
by a spring D².
+1
The movement of the lever N into and out of position for action, is effected
by a cross-shaped lever W turning on a center A, and operated by a chain or
connection Wleading from a horizontal arm of the lever W over a pulley A1;
and connected to the lever V. It is operated by the head-motion. The return
movement is induced by a contractile spring W' connecting the opposite arm to the
fixed framing. Certainty of complete movement is increased by a contractile
spring W³, which my correspondents term a tumbling spring, extending downward
from the upper arm of the lever, and attached to the fixed framing below. It
follows that when the lever N with its projection N' is in the position shown in
Figures 2, 3 and 34, the swivel shuttles will remain idle, but when by the action of
the chain W and lever W, the lever N carrying the projection N', is shifted
inward into the working position, it will be acted on twice in each revolution of
the shaft I by the cams I and the swivel shuttle G will be thrown.
During the rapidly succeeding periods of swivel weaving in producing a given
figure, the swivel yarns thus interwoven for short distances between the ground
yarns may be all of the same color, or the colors may be varied by the working
of any one of the three series of swivel shuttles, the other two remaining for the
time being out of use.
3
The rack E carries three series of five swivel shuttles G, each series carrying
quills of a different color, any one of which can be "called up" by the jacquard
and wrought into the fabric at the points required, It being understood that the
jacquard by old and familiar mechanism properly opens the sheds to produce the
equined figures, this mechanism drops the rack into position and works the swivel
shuttles alternating with the ground weaving, either alternate picks, or with any
number of picks of ground weaving followed by any number of picks of swivel
weaving, the change from either condition to the other being effected after any
mumber of picks without losing a pick. My correspondents attach importance to

page_text: this quality. During the intervals between the weaving of the figures, the rack is
elevated, and all the provisions for swivel weaving are out of use, the ground
weaving proceeding in the ordinary manner, weaving twilled, plain or in any other
variety which may be required.
When the period arrives at which the figures are to be introduced by the swivel
weaving, the ground weaving is suspended, and the rack dropped into position for
work, and all the five swivel shuttles G in one series, that carrying the required
color, say red, are traversed each across its narrow shed in the ordinary and long
approved manner. These swivel shuttles may be returned, and, if required, may
be traversed any number of times to make any number of picks of swivel weaving
before another pick of ground weaving. Ordinarily, there will be but one pick of
the swivel weaving thus put in. Then the rack is lifted, and the swivel shuttles
and their operating mechanism are thrown out of use, and the ground weaving
resumed, the large ground shuttle being thrown across the whole breadth of the
fabric in the usual manner in either direction, from left to right or from right to
left, until one pick or any number of picks of ground weaving is effected. Then
the swivel shuttles are again lowered into use, and the swivel shuttles carrying the
same or another color as the design may require, are traversed through their
respective sheds and the whole are again lifted.
These changes of color are effected by the three cords M', (see Fig. 4,) leading
from the jacquard acting each on an independent lever M mounted on fixed
studs A, and carrying notched wheels M, which engage with hooks M* loosely
supported by pins A, urged into engagement by springs M, but arranged to be
promptly dropped as soon as lifted above a certain height, and having attached
divergent strings M, which extend through eyes A, in the framing, and thence
down by wire extensions, each with a proper amount of slack, through one of the
holes e in the upper face of the rack E (see Fig. 7), and connect each to a lever M'
which turns on a center carried in the lay, and engages under a spring-dog in the
form of an elastic strut ✗, fixed on the corresponding rack-bar F. The free end
of each dog X is turned up and formed into a catch X' integral therewith. The
three slots e, side by side, are each of a proper length to allow the required
movement of the rack-bar to throw the corresponding series of swivel shuttles,
and is widened at each end. When a certain color is to be called up, the jacquard
pulls on the proper string M¹ and lifts the attached lever M³, and by the strings Ms
lifts the connected levers M', and these lift the proper spring-dogs X, and it
engages on the top of the rack by its catch X¹ integral therewith (see Fig. 8).
The form of the wheel M³ and of the hook M' causes the latter to be instantly
released, and allows the levers M' to fall, but the proper spring-dog X remains
for the time being protruding above the top of the rack E. The lever M' on each
side, the right and the left, for each series of swivel shuttles, is thus lifted and
held momentarily, but only one is effective in lifting and suspending by its catch X¹
the corresponding dog. The latter is struck by the slide O' and forced to move
laterally, carrying with it the rack-bar F to which it is attached, and corre-
spondingly turning the gear-wheels and moving the series of swivel shuttles G to
which it is connected. This effects the proper throw of the swivel shuttles which
have the desired color, and puts the corresponding yarn into the figure. As soon
as the movement is completed, each spring-dog X, by reason of the head or
catch X having reached the wide place at the proper end of its slot e' drops down
again into its ineffective position, where it remains until again called up.
In order to set the several figures to alternate with each other, as is usual in
figured goods, the rack and the attachments require to be shifted to the right or
left to an extent equal to half the distance between the center of each figure and
the next in a series. This has usually been done by hand, and is liable to be
neglected. This invention relieves the attendant from any such duty, and performs
the shifting automatically.
This is effected by a second partial gear-wheel E* (see Figs. 1 and 9), mounted
between the wide gear-wheels T and U, before described, with provisions for

page_text: raising and lowering it independently of the adjacent partial gear-wheel Q. There
is a lever E corresponding to the lever R, on which this wheel E is mounted,
and there are similar provisions for raising and lowering it by the jacquard.
There is a link E7, and a lever E8 similar to the lever V, which it operates. Such
lever E operates a chain Es which runs over an idle pulley or idler A", mounted
on a fixed pivot (see Fig. 1), and being led ´under an idler A" and thence around
a horizontal idler A13, is attached to an eye E' on the sleeve E, which is fitted
ou one of the shafts O, which extends up and down in the lay and swings
therewith.
Another chain E", which will be readily understood, extends in line with this
from an eye on the opposite side of the sleeve E, and running around a horizontal
idler A, and thence under a vertical idler A1, runs up and over a vertical
idler A and connects to the same lever E³.
This mechanism is controlled by the jacquard through the wire E1, which lifts
the wheel E at the proper time into engagement with the wide wheel T', and
causes the wheel E to make a half revolution in one direction, pulling on the
chain E and shifting the rack E to the left. Later, when a set of figures have
been completed and the loom is performing the ground weaving alone, and the
Bwivel work is idle, the jacquard, working through a proper monkey-head, not
shown, relaxes the string or wire E, and allows the wheel E' to be moved down-
ward by its gravity and the tension of a spring. This brings the partial gear-
wheel E into engagement with the wide gear-wheel U, and causes it to perform a
half revolution in the reverse direction, or to the right. Each half revolution
actuating the chain E, and exerting force in the proper direction to the right or
left, as the case may be, shifts the upper end of the approximately upright shaft O,
and consequently the connected rack E, with the opposite shaft O, and all the
mechanism carried on the rack to the right or left to the proper extent, and holds
it in its new position until it is again shifted back, and so on.
It is common in swivel weaving to hinge the shuttle-holders E" to the rack E in
the required positions, and to turn each on its proper hinge when it is desired to
disconnect its shuttle or shuttles, and the corresponding driving-gear from the rack-
bar, or rack-bars F, which are mounted in the rack. My correspondents do the
same. E are the hinges (see Figs. 4, 6 and 9).
Y is a thin curved lever, one for each shuttle holder E, having a handle Y' by
When
which it may be conveniently turned on its center E¹³ fixed on the rack E.
any shuttle-holder is properly equipped with shuttles G, each carrying the proper
color, and is turned into position shown ready for work, the lever Y is turned
downward into the position shown, and pressing with force against the front face of
the shuttle-holder E, holds it firmly in position. When, on the contrary, it is
desired to displace the shuttle-holder, the attendant touches the handle and
raises the lever Y into the position shown in dotted lines m Figure 5. Then the
shuttle-holder can be turned on its hinge E", which movement brings its gear-
wheels out of connection with the rack-bar, and one or more of the contained
shuttles may be removed and supplied with fresh quills, or otherwise attended to.
On returning the parts to place, taking care to properly adjust the shuttles, the
ordinary gear-wheels in the shuttle holder E2 again engage with their proper rack-
bar F, and the depression of the lever Y holds it firmly in such position during the
working period. The curvature of each lever Y allows for the protuberance of the
head or swell along the axis of the hinge E".
It will be observed that this mode of raising and lowering the rack with its
attached swivel shuttles and their driving mechanism allows the rack to be held
down during any number of picks with the swivel shuttles. This avoids much
destructive wear of the parts and enables the loom to be driven faster while making
two or other number of swivel picks in succession than with the ordinary method of
raising and lowering the rack between each two of such picks.
I will now refer to Figures 10 to 16 inclusive. Similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in all these figures where they appear.

page_text: A is the fixed framing of cast iron or other suitable material; as in the other
form. The lay C, is vibrated by links from cranks upon the crank-shaft B, as
before, and E is the rack carried in the lay and raised and lowered as required,
carrying with it a single rack-bar not shown, and a single series of swivel shuttles G,
for effecting the swivel weaving at the periods required.
K are the picker-staffs for throwing the ordinary fly-shuttle, not shown, for
effecting the ground weaving. The two picker-staff; are moved inward
simultaneously as in the other form, so as to throw the shuttle across from a
shuttle-box from either side, "whenever the proper moment has arrived and the
proper mechanism is operated to effect the ground weaving. M is the ordinary
cam shaft revolving as usual once for each two revolutions of the crank-shaft B.
The shaft M carries within the frame near each side of the loom adjustable
collars M', held in any required position by the pinching screws M³. On each
collar M are two arms M, extending parallel to the shaft M and imparting a
corresponding rotary motion to the cam N, which is capable of being moved
endwise on the shaft. Each cam N is moved endwise by a lever P, urged in one
direction by the constant force of a spring S, and urged at intervals in the other
direction, inward, toward the central line of the loom, by a wire Q, and a connecting
chain Q, which latter runs around idlers, and is wound partially around a pulley Oi
on a shaft O, which latter may be operated from the head-motion controlled by a
jacquard not shown. When the levers P, P, are liberated, they are urged outward
by the contractile force of the springs S, and the cams N are moved endwise
outward on the shaft M revolved by the parallel arms M³. Under these conditions
they act on the rollers R¹ carried on arms fixed on the inclined sliaft R, and
impart a vigorous rocking motion to the latter. An arm R² rigidly set on the
upper end of each inclined shaft R, connects by a flexible strap R³ to the proper
point on the picker-staff or stick R', which drives the fly-shuttle, not shown.
When the period arrives for arresting the ground weaving to allow one or more
picks to be made with the swivel shuttles, the shaft O is partially revolved by the
head-motion, as will be described further on, and each chain Qis wound upon a
pulley O'. This draws the levers P inward and moves the connected cams N. so
far inward that they can no longer actuate the rollers R'.
So soon as the
chains are relaxed, the springs S again move the cams N outward into a position
where they can again resume their action on the rollers R', and again throw the
Ay-shuttle.
If it is desired to make the action of the fly-shuttle earlier or later, in either
direction or both directions, it is necessary simply to slacken one or both pinching
screws M³, and turn the corresponding collar or collars M! forward or backward
relatively to the motion of the shaft M, and again tighten their hold. The fly-
shuttle will then be thrown in one direction or in both directions earlier or later
according as the collars have been thus adjusted.
The shaft is revolved at the required periods by the alternate pulling and
releasing of a chain T, which, properly guided, extends. up to the vicinity of the
head-motion, and is attached to a lever J, which is fixed to the horizontal shaft j
and is controlled by a link I, which connects an arm from the shaft to a pin H2,
carried on the mutilated gear-wheel H. The latter is capable of being raised
and lowered, being pivoted on a lever H, which turns on a fixed center, and is urged
downward by gravity, and, if necessary, by a spring, and is raised at the required
periods.
:
Above and below the wheel H', are mutilated gear-wheels H3 and H', carried
on shafts mounted in the fixed frame-work, and constantly revolved in opposite
directions. Suppose the wheel H¹ to be now in the highest position, engaged with
the upper wheel H,-the effect of the mutilation of the gears is to release the hold
as soon as the half revolution is effected, and thence forward the wheel H² stands
stationary until it is by another movement of the lever Flowered into engagement
with the lower mutilated gear-wheel H*. When this occurs, it is actively revolved
a half revolution in the opposite direction to the first, and is again allowed to rest.

page_text: At each semi-revolution this wheel through the pin H² and link I, correspondingly
pulls the chain T, and partially revolves the shaft O in one direction, or relaxes it
and allows it to be turned in the opposite direction by a spring or weight, not
shown.
The same partial rotation of the shaft O performs also an important duty
relatively to the swivel weaving, that of raising and lowering the rack bar.
O are pulleys fixed on the same shaft O, on each of which is partially wound a
strap which runs under a guide pulley, and extends upward to a cross-bar E°,
the ends of which are extended downward by rigid arms E³, and take firm hold
of the lower ends of straight rods E2, extending up and down, guided in bearings C¹,
fixed on the lay. Each rod is urged upward by a spring E', abutting on the
lowermost of its bearings, and acting on a collar E³. The upper end of each
rod E is connected by a rigid bent arm E, to the corresponding end of the
rack E. When the shaft O partially revolves in one direction, it draws down
the rack into position for work. When the shaft O is revolved in the other
direction, it relaxes the strap 0%, and allows the springs E to lift the rack up out
of the way of the ground weaving.
The throwing of the swivel-shuttles to the right and left at the required periods
with the promptness required is effected by a pair of cams U1, U2, set a little
distance apart on the extended end of a slow shaft U, mounted in fixed bearings
and receiving motion by gearing from the cam shaft M. These cams are each
pointed. They are set at right angles to each other as plainly shown in Fig. 10.
V, V2, are levers set at a distance apart, corresponding to the distance between
the cams U¹, U. They are free to turn independently, and to be moved laterally
on a stud A¹, set in the frame work, and constituting a part of the latter. The
back ends of these levers operate chains T', T2, which run over idlers, not shown,
and thence downward under idlers, and thence laterally inwards.
X is a horizontal rod, mounted in bearings A, near the base of the loom at the
rear, and free to be moved to the right and left, to a limited adjustable extent.
X, X, are stops secured in adjustable positions on the slide X and faced on the
outer side, with leather or analogous yielding material which will make a gentle
contact at each movement with the inner face of the corresponding bearing A
One chain T connects directly to the stop X'. The other chain, T2, extends
across the loom around the idler A', and back again, and connects to the opposite
stop X'.
Y is a lever extending forward and backward near the center line of the
machine and turning on a fixed fulcrum A³, while the rear end is connected to the
transversely moving rod X by an arm X. Each movement of the rod X to
the right or left correspondingly throws the front end of the lever Y, in the
opposite direction.
Y is an adjustable pin set in a slot near the front end of the lever Y. It
connects by a link Y', with the lower end of the lever Z, extending up and down
at the outside of the frame. The upper end of this lever % is connected by the
link 2, to a vertical arm or pin F, fixed to the rack-bar. The rack-bar is not
shown, but it will be understood that it is mounted in the rack E, and performs
its usual long-approved function of giving motion through a suitable train of small
gear wheels to the single series of horizontally mounted small swivel shuttles G
mounted in the shuttle carriers E'. (See Figure 12.)
The axis of motion of each nearly upright lever Z, can be adjusted up or down
as required to produce a considerable change in the extent of the motion of the
rack-bar with a given amount of motion of the lever Y. To change the center
downward and increase the motion of the rack-bar, and consequently of the swivel-
shuttles, the pinching screws Z' are relaxed and the block Z3 is shifted downward
on the rod 2, and the pinching screw Z' is slackened, and the lever Z shifted
upward relatively to the block Z', when both screws are again tightened. A
reverse adjusment will diminish the throw of the rack-bar.
This form of the invention allows a rapid action with little or no Jarring or

page_text: concussion. The stops X1, X2, being adjusted a proper distance apart, strike
gently by their soft faces against their respective bearings A*, and thus contribute
to arrest the motion of the parts. The center or block Z, being adjusted up and
down varies the extent of the throw of the rack-bar to any extent required, and
5 the rack-bar when it has completed its motion to the right or left with the parts
properly adjusted just reaches the proper extent of motion without any
appreciable surplus force.
L is a T-shaped lever shown in edge-view in Fig. 10, and in plan view in Fig. 11,
turning on a fixed center A³, and turned in one direction at the required periods
by a pull received from a wire L, which connects with the lever D, operated by
the head motion and turned in the opposite direction by a contractile spring L².
connected to the fixed framing.
Its lower arm is slotted, (see Figures 12^, 12") and engages with a projection on
the hub of each of the levers V1, V2, and moves them.
The levers V, V, are thus shifted outward and inward on the stud A', at the
required intervals controlled by the head-motion. In the position shown in Fig. 11,
the levers V, V, are idle and the swivel motions are at rest, the cam U2 playing
idly between the levers and the cam U playing idly in the position shown,
between the lever V¹, and the frame of the machine. This is the condition which
obtains while the ground weaving is being effected. When the period arrives for
the swivel weaving, the ground weaving is arrested by the action above described,
and the levers are shifted promptly inward on the stud A', to a sufficient extent
to bring the lever V under the cam U₁, and the lever V2 under the cam U².
In this position each revolution of the slow shaft U, alternately depresses the
levers V, V, by the points of the cams U1, U2, with the result of throwing the
swivel-shuttles to the right and to the left alternately. The combination allows
any number of swivel picks to be put in; then, on the shifting of the levers again
into the position shown in Fig. 10, the swivel weaving is again arrested and the
ground weaving may proceed as before.
In weaving a figure, it is common to shift the condition of the loom alternately
at very short intervals from that for ground weaving to that for swivel weaving
and back again. This mechanism allows of putting in two picks, or any number of
picks of ground weaving, and following with one pick, two picks or any number
of picks of swivel weaving. After any number of picks of either swivel weaving
or any number of picks of ground weaving, the parts will be left in the correct
position to immediately resume work when required.
This head-motion involves the use of what is sometimes known as a pitch-chain
to determine the rapidly recurring periods of alternate ground weaving and swivel
weaving during the production of a set of figures, and to leave the loom free to
weave ground weaving continuously during the periods between the termination
of each series, and the commencement of the next succeeding series. The
jacquard, not shown, may control the action by moving the pitch-chain into the
position to be effective when the period arrives to commence a set of figures, and
by moving it again into the idle position when the figures are completed.
Figures 13 and 14 show this arrangement. W is the pitch-chain. It is carried
on a continuously revolved sprocket-wheel W', which latter is capable of being
moved to the right and left, the pitch-chain going with it. A wire We operated
by the jacquard in the obvious manner, not shown, actuates a horizontal bell-
crank lever W³ turning on a fixed pivot set in the top of the framing of the
head-motion, (see Figs. 10 and 14), and this engages with a lever W extending
down and engaging between collars on the shaft W which carries the sprocket-
wheel W. The revolution of the large gear-wheel W7 fixed on the shaft Wand
engaged with a smaller gear-wheel A fixed on the continuously revolved shaft /^.
The revolutions of the shaft We are so timed that the chain W is traversed one
link for each revolution of the crank-shaft, and consequently for each beat of the
lay. The links of the pitch-chain are connected by pins, on each of which pin-
may be mounted a roller W. These rollers are distributed in the chain according

page_text: as the picks of swivel weaving are required to be distributed in the production of
a figure. Each roller W' is adapted to act on the lever II and to induce swivel
weaving, provided the spocket wheel and the pitch-chain carried thereon are
worked directly under such lever. When the sprocket wheel and the chain are
shifted out of position under the lever H, they are of no effect, the lever H
remains down and the ground weaving proceeds continuously. But when the
sprocket-wheel and the pitch-chain carried thereon are by the influence of
the jacquard communicated through the wire W shifted into position for work,
the traverse of the roller W' and of the blank joints distributed between them,
produces the required elevations of the lever H and the consequent introductions 1
of the swivel yarns.
It will be understood, of course, that the cards in the jacquard are correspondingly
punched to effect the proper openings of the sheds.
There may be any required number and arrangement of the 1ollers W₁ and of
the blank joints between them. According to the number and how they are
distributed, the weaving will alternate during the production of the figures. Thus,
if there are, as shown, twelve links in a chain, and each third link carries a
roller W', the weaving will change as follows: first, one pick of swivel weaving
and then two picks of ground weaving, and so on, weaving two for one continuously
until the figures are completed and the jacquard acting through the lever W³, and
its connections, again throws the chain W out of action.
H is a lever turning on a fixed center and actuated by a cam H on the lower
shaft t. Its upper arm carries a knife H', which releases the lever H at the
required periods to allow it to rise and sink, and then engages under or over such
lever and holds it firmly in position up or down. This contributes to the firmness
of support of the mutilated gear-wheel H', carried on the lever H, and consequently
to the certainty of action of the head-motion.
The shifting of the whole series of swivel shuttles, and the moving mechanism
therefor to the right and left, so as to produce the several lines of figures in joggled
or alternated positions, is done by shifting the rack E, and its contents, and the
connected upright bar Z to the right and left alternately, it being held in each
position by a spring carried on the lay engaging in a shallow notch in the rack, as
shown in Fig. 12. It will be understood that the upright bar Z is hinged at the
bottom, and tied to the rack-bar E by a horizontal bar E³, so that it may be shifted
to the right and left, thereby carrying with it to the proper distance the center
block Z3 on which the lever turns. This arrangement provides that when the
bar Z is inclined to the right, as shown, the reciprocations of the rack-bar, and
consequently of the swivel shuttles, will take place in the correct position to form
the series of figures nearest the right side of the fabric. Then during the interval
between the weaving of this set of figures and the next, the operator shifts the
bar Z and with it the rack E the proper measure to the left, thus properly shifting
the position of the center of the lever Z, so that the next time the swivel weaving
is commenced the whole mechanism, including the entire series of swivel shuttles
and the mechanism for supporting and operating them, will be worked precisely
the same as before, but further to the left so that the figures will properly alternate
in position on the fabric.
Modifications may be made without departing from the principle or sacrificing
the advantages of the invention. Other means than the constant tension of the
springs S may be used to move the cams N, into the acting position. Other means
than the springs E' may be employed to raise the rack.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, referring to Figs. 1 to 9
inclusive, declare that what I claim is as follows :
1. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, swivel-shuttle mechanism
and operating means therefor, consisting of the constantly revolving cam 1' and the
shifting lever N, adapted to connect and disconnect the same, so as to cause the

page_text: swivel-shuttles to work at any pick and to stop at any pick controlled by the jacquard,
in combination with ground-shuttle mechanism, consisting of the picker-sticks K,
'connected rocking shafts J, endwise movable shoes J', springs P, straps P¹,
pulleys L, L, and connections V₁, operated by a jacquard, adapted to cause the
ground-shuttle to work at any pick and to stop at any pick, all arranged for joint
operation substantially as herein specified.
2. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, swivel-shuttle mechanism
and operating means therefor, consisting of the constantly revolving cam 12 and the
shifting lever N, adapted to connect and disconnect the same, and a connection W
operated by a head-motion for inducing the changes at the desired periods, so as to
cause the swivel-shuttles to work at any pick and to stop at any pick, controlled by
the jacquard, in combination with each other and with ground-shuttle mechanism,
consisting of the picker-sticks K, connected rocking-shafts J, endwise movable
shoes J, springs P, straps P1, pulleys L, L³, and connection Vi, controlled by the
jacquard, adapted to cause the ground-shuttle to work at any pick and to stop at
any pick, all substantially as herein specified.
3. In a loom for combined ground and swivel-weaving, swivel-shuttle mechanism
and operating means therefor, consisting of the constantly revolving cam 12 and the
shifting lever N, adapted to connect and disconnect the same, and a connection W¹
operated by a head-motion, and a monkey-head S and connections thereto, arranged
as shown so as to cause the swivel-shuttles to work at any pick and to stop at any
pick, controlled by the jacquard, in combination with each other and with ground
shuttle mechanism; consisting of the picker-sticks K, connected rocking-shafts J,
endwise movable shoes J', springs P and straps P', pulleys L', L³, and connection V₁,
controlled by the jacquard, adapted to work at any pick and to stop at any pick,
all arranged for joint operation substantially as herein specified.
4. In a loom, swivel-shuttle mechanism, operating means as the cam I therefor,
an easily moved shifting device as the lever N adapted to connect the same and
cause such shuttles to work at any pick, and the actuating lever W arranged to be
shifted at any pick by a connection from a jacquard, and the spring W³ adapted to
ensure the completeness of the shifting motion, in combination with each other and
with ground shuttle mechanism adapted to work at any pick, all substantially as
herein specified.
5. In a loom, swivel shuttle mechanism, operating means as the cam I therefor,
and an easily moved shifting device, as the lever N adapted to connect the same
and cause such shuttles to work at any pick, in combination with cach other and
with ground shuttle mechanisın adapted to work at any pick, and with a head-
motion, a lever V actuated by such head-motion, and two separate flexible
connections V₁ and W₁ actuated thereby, one controlling the ground shuttle
mechanism and the raising of the rack, and the other controlling the traversing of
the swivel shuttles all arranged for joint operation substantially as herein specified.
6. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, ground shuttle mechanism
adapted to work the series of swivel shuttles in proper direction at any pick of the
loom and to stop at any pick, and with the lever N capable of being shifted
laterally, and the lever W and tumbling spring W³, the connection W₁ from the
head-motion, and the spring W for effecting the return movement, all combined
and arranged for joint operation substantially as herein specified.
7. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the constantly rotating
partial gear-wheels T" and U¹, and the partial gear-wheel mounted between
them, in combination with each other and with connections from a jacquard for
raising and lowering the wheel Q, and with the link Q, lever V, and chain VI,
and suitable guiding pulleys or idlers for the latter, the shaft L, pulleys L, L³.
the picker-sticks K, connected rocker-shafts J, end wise movable shoes J' on the
latter, and springs P and straps P, operated by said pulleys L3, all arranged for
joint operation substantially as herein specified.
8. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the constantly rotating
partial gear-wheels T! and U', and the partial gear-wheel Q mounted between

page_text: then, in combination with each other and with connections from a jacquard for
raising and lowering the wheel Q, and with the link Q, lever V and chain V₁, and
suitable guiding pulleys or idlers for the latter, the shaft L, pulleys L, L, straps
leading from the latter, rack E arranged to be drawn down by such straps, and
springs E to raise the rack when the straps are relaxed, all arranged for joint
operation substantially as herein specified.
9. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the constantly rotating
partial gear-wheels T' and U₁, and the partial gear-wheel Q mounted between
them, in combination with each other and with connections from a jacquard for
raising and lowering the wheel Q and with the link Q, lever V and chain V₁, and
suitable guiding pulleys or idlers for the latter, shaft L and pulleys L', L³, L³,
thereon, the rack E and springs E3 adapted to be drawn down by straps from the
pulleys L, and the picker-sticks K, connected rocking shafts J, endwise movable
shoes Jon the latter springs P and straps P1 operated by said pulleys L³, all
arranged for joint operation as herein specified.
10. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the means shown for
shifting the rack and its accompanying mechanism to the right and left at the
required intervals, the same consisting of the rack, a head-motion controlled by the
jacquard, and chains E, F, operated thereby at the required intervals, in com-
bination with each other and with the shaft O, extending up and down and capable
both of being partially revolved and being inclined in different directions, connected
"the upper end with the rack and the lower end with the arm O' carried in fixed
bearings, and the upper end being shifted to the right and left with the rack, all
arranged for joint operation as herein specified.
11. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the cam 13, lever N,
chain N2, connected thereto, slides B and B, with their arms B¹ and B4, lever B³,
connecting said arms, levers D, links D¹, attached to said levers, shafts O,
arms 0, 0, thereon, links 02, and slides O³ reciprocated by said links, rack-
bars F, and swivel shuttles G, in combination with each other, and with the cross-
shaped lever W, head-motion, and connection W' from the latter to said lever,
all arranged to serve by making the cam 12 alternately operative and inoperative
so, as to work the swivel-shuttles at the required periods, as herein specified.
12. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the cam 12, lever N,
chain N³, slides B, B6, horizontally moving levers D, D, and spring D², links D', D',
actuated by said levers, shafts O, O, having arms 0, 0, near their lower ends,
and arms O, O', near their upper ends, slides O³, links (2 connecting them, rack
bars F and swivel shuttle G, all combined and arranged to serve as herein
specified.
13. In a loom having more than one series of swivel shuttles adapted to carry
different colors, independent connections M' from the jacquard to each through
levers M', wheels M³, having offsets, as shown, carried thereby, turning on studs A³,
and the hooks M', springs M, engaging such hooks with the offsets in said wheels,
and the rack-bars F, cords M, leading from such hooks, and the lever M' and
spring-dogs X connected to such rack-bars, all combined and arranged to serve
substantially as herein specified.
14. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the lever M², the
attached wheel M³, having an offset or notch, as shown, the hooks M* free to be
raised and lowered, and also to be moved to a slight extent laterally, the spring M³
urging such hook into engagement with the notch in said wheel, and the con-
nection M allowing the wheel to be partially turned by the jacquard, and the
cords M, rack-bar F, rack E, two levers M7, mounted in said racks and arranged
reversely relatively to each other and connected to said cords, and the spring-dogs X,
attached to the said rack-bar F, all combined and arranged to serve substantially
as herein specified.
15. In a loom, having two or more rack-bars and a corresponding series of swivel
shuttles adapted to carry different colors, and to be introduced as required, the
clastic struts or spring-dogs X, attached to the several rack-bars, each adapted to

page_text: yield laterally and having a catch made integral therewith, arranged to serve
substantially as herein specified.
16. In a loom, having more than one series of swivel shuttles adapted to carry
different colors, the series of shuttle holders E", each having a hinge E" at the
front, in combination with the curved levers Y, turning on centers E", one for
each shuttle-holder, arranged at the front of the rack, and adapted to serve as
herein specified.
17. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the rack E, two
slides O, moving simultaneously toward and from each other, a series of rack-bars F,
and corresponding series of swivel shuttles G, operated thereby, two spring-dogs
connected to each rack-bar, adapted to be independently moved into the path of
the slides, and a connection from the jacquard to such dogs adapted to effect such
movements at the required periods, all combined and arranged to serve substantially
as herein specified.
18. In a loom for combined ground and swivel weaving, the rack E, two slides O³,
moving simultaneously toward and from each other, a series of rack-bars F, and
corresponding series of swivel shuttles G, operated thereby, two spring-dogs
connected to each rack-bar, adapted to be independently moved into the path of
the slides, a connection from the jacquard to such dogs adapted to effect such
movement at the required periods and two levers M7, for each rack-bar, adapted
to lift the required spring-dog at the proper end of the rack, and the means e¹, for
receiving and holding each spring-dog for the required movement after such adjust-
ment by the jacquard, all combined and arranged for joint operation substantially
as herein specified.
19. In a loom for combined ground and swivel shuttle-weaving, the combination
of ground and swivel shuttles operating mechanism, a drive-shaft, a head-motion,
controlling means for said head-motion such as a jacquard, connections between the
head-motion and drive-shaft (to operate the former at any pick,) and controlling
connections between the head-motion and ground and swivel shuttle operating
mechanism, whereby the weaving from ground to swivel shuttle weaving and the
reverse, may be changed at any pick, substantially as described.
20. In a loom for combined ground and swivel shuttle weaving, the combination
of ground and swivel shuttle operating mechanism, a head-motion comprising
oppositely moving parts or gears, a vibrator, controlling means as a jacquard
connected with said vibrator for making the same engage one or the other of said
oppositely moving parts at any pick, and controlling connections between said
vibrator and the ground and swivel shuttle operating mechanism whereby the
weaving from ground to swivel and the reverse may be changed at any pick as
desired, substantially as described.
And referring to Figures 10 to 16 inclusive, I claim as follows:
21. In a loom for combined swivel and ground weaving, the combination of the
cam-shaft M, collars M', secured thereto, and having projecting arms M³, the
cams N loose on said shaft, provided with apertures engaged by the arms, rock-
shafts R carrying collar R¹, the picker-staff K and connections between said
rock-shafts and picker-staffs, the independent levers P P, one for each cam, the
shaft O, having pulleys O' secured thereto, and flexible connections between said
pulleys and the oppositely disposed lever P, springs S and connections T from the
head-motion for operating the shaft O at pre-determined times, substantially as
herein specified.
22. In a loom for combined swivel and ground weaving, the combination of the
cam-shaft M, collar M' secured thereto, with provisions as the pinching screws M'
for adjusting them forward and backward relatively to the shaft, and having pro-
jecting arms M³, the cams N loose on said shaft, provided with apertures engaged
by the arms, rock-shafts R, carrying rollers R', the picker-staffs K, connections
between said shafts and picker-staffs, the independent levers P, P, one for each
cam, the shaft O having pulleys O' secured thereto and flexible connections between
said pulleys and the oppositely disposed lever P, springs S and connections T from
D

page_text: the head-motion for operating the shaft O at predetermined times, substantially as
herein described.
23. In a loom for combined swivel and ground weaving, the combination of a
cam-shaft M, the cams loose on said shaft, and adapted to be operatively connected
therewith, rock-shafts R, carrying rollers R', the picker shafts K and connections
between said rock-shafts and picker staffs, the shaft O having pulleys O' secured
thereto, a head-motion, connections between the same and the shaft O, and means
between the pulleys O and cams for rendering the cams operative and inoperative
as required, substantially as described.
24. In a loom for combined swivel and ground weaving, the combination of the
vibrating levers H, gears H', H3 and H4, and means for operating them, the swivel
and fly-shuttle controlling mechanism, the connections between said gear and said
mechanism, the single pitch-chain W, W', means for operating the same, a
lever W controlled by the jacquard for throwing the chain into and out of action
at intervals, whereby the chain shall act to determine the rapidly recurring alter-
nations of ground and swivel weaving during the production of the figures, and
shall be rendered ineffective during the long intervals of ground weaving between
the figures, substantially as set forth.
25. In a loom for combined swivel and ground weaving the combination of the
vibrator lever H, gear H1, H3, H', and means for operating them, and connec-
tions between said gears and the swivel and fly-shuttle controlling mechanisms, the
longitudinally movable shaft W', sprocket wheel W thereon, single pitch-
chain W, W, carried on said wheel, non-elastic lever W engaging therewith_to
impart the required longitudinal motion, and connections between said lever and a
jacquard mechanism to positively operate the same at pre-determined times,
substantially as herein specified.
26. In a loom for combined swivel and ground weaving, the chains T¹, T', and
operating mechanism for drawing and relaxing them alternately, in combination
with each other and with the transverse slide X attached to such chains,
stops X, X, fixed adjustably on said slide, and with the lever Y pivoted to said
slide X, and connections therefrom to the rack-bar, adapted to serve substantially
as herein specified.
27. In a loom for combined swivel and ground weaving, the chains T', T', and
operating mechanism for drawing and relaxing them alternately, in combination
with each other, and with the transverse slide X attached to such chains and soft-
faced stops X, X, fixed adjustably on said slide and with the lever Y pivoted to
said slide X, link Y³, upright lever Z with provisions for adjusting the center
thereof to vary the extent of the motion, and the link Z' leading from this lever to
the rack-bar, substantially as herein specified.
Dated thin and day of Januar 1901
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.