IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING THE FEED WATER OF STEAM Maker.
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hanson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1880.
WILLIAM HANSON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Engineer and Machine
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING THE FEED WATER OF STEAM
Maker.
5 BOILERS."
This Invention relates to further improvements in apparatus for purifying the
feed water of steam boilers, for which I obtained Provisional Protection, dated the
Tenth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and eighty, and numbered 3268.
In carrying out the Invention as described in the said Provisional Specification,
I found I did not obtain the required results, and that I could not work
satisfactorily with one heater or purifying apparatus, as the water required to be at
rest for a certain limited time and without any commotion whatsoever, which
necessitated the employment of two purifying apparatus or heaters having a
regulated feeding and blowing off apparatus, and the Invention relates to improved
apparatus for removing from the water employed in feeding steam boilers, impure
and organic matter, such as carbonates of lime, oxide of iron, silica, and sulphuric
acid, for preventing deposits or incrustation in steam boilers, thus producing a
great saving in fuel and in the wear and tear of the boilers.
For this purpose, in any suitable position near a steam boiler or boilers, I fix
two purifying apparatus or heaters, and each purifier or heater is constructed by
is made with a flange which fits and is secured on a top flange of a cast iron
preference with a cylindrical wrought iron shell or casing; the bottom of the shell
tubular or cylindrical frame, which is secured to a bottom foundation frame; in
brass; these tubes are fitted inside the shell and extend nearly two thirds the
length of the casing. The tops of the tubes are secured in a top plate having a
flange on which is secured a curved cover, leaving steam room inside the cover.
cylindrical frame are fitted tubes, which are made by preference of
[Price Ba

page_text: secured the flange of a coiled copper steam pipe for the purpose
of
expansion.
On the top of the cover is formed a boss having an opening on the top of which is
The bottom of each tube frame and of each heater is made with a chamber to
which is fitted a tap which is connected to a discharge pipe; the taps are worked
by gear hereinafter described, and the bottom of each foundation plate is made
pipe connected to other pipes which discharge the condensed water into the boiler
with a chamber having a boss and opening, to which is fitted a condensed water
or boilers; check valves are fitted to the boilers.
To the shells of the heaters and near the bottoms of the tubes are fitted blocks
having openings leading to the interior of the shells; to these blocks are fitted
pipes, and between the pipes is fitted a three way tap or cock; on the top of this
feed pump to each purifier or heater. The three way tap or cock is actuated by
tap is fitted a pipe connected to other pipes which bring the feed water from the
gear to alternately feed the heaters with water and at a regulated time, say, about
every half hour; for this purpose a frame is secured on the top of the foundation
stone work, in which works a shaft which is actuated by a worm wheel worked by
a worm fitted on a shaft working in bearings secured to the frame; this shaft is
worked by a pulley fitted on one of the ends, and which is driven by a strap or
belt, or the worm shaft can be driven by a small steam engine or by hydraulic
The worm actuating the worm wheel gives motion to the worm wheel
shaft which actuates two tappets. One of the tappets actuates a runner fitted on a
stud which is secured on the end of a vertical rod, giving a lifting and lowering
motion to the rod, which actuates a short lever fitted to the rod and connected to
the tap of the three way cock, and which reverses the supply of feed water to the
other heater, and immediately and before the water is passed through the heater
the other tappet actuates a runner fitted on a stud secured to a lever which gives
motion to double levers which actuate short levers connected to the sludge cocks,
opening the cocks to discharge any organic matters dissolved and precipitated in
the bottom of the casings; the sludge cocks only remain open during two or three
seconds; a stop valve is fitted over the three way cock to shut off the feed water
when required.
power.
Steam at about 70 lbs. boiler pressure is by preference employed, which passes
through the copper coiled pipe, and through the cover and brass pipes, which steam
heats the feed water in the casing, and steam at 70 lbs. boiler pressure contains
320 degrees of heat, which heat being taken up by the feed water causes the
organic matter to be dissolved and precipitated in the bottom of the casing, the
carbonate of lime dissolving with a heat of 260 degrees, and sulphuric acid with
260 degrees, oxide of iron and silica with 212 degrees; these organic matters are
forced by the pressure of the water through the chamber of the tube frame, and
through the sludge cocks when open, into the sludge discharge pipes into a sewer
or other suitable receiver.
The heated purified water passes through pipes fitted in the top of the heaters,
through pipes into check valves into the boiler or boilers.
there is no waste of steam as the steam, employed to precipitate the organic matters
Any condensed water falls back through pipes to the boiler or boilers; therefore
heats the feed water, and any condensed steam is returned to the boilers in a pure
and heated state.

page_text: NOTTINGHAM
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Hanson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th May
1881.
WILLIAM HANSON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Engineer and Machine
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING THE FEED WATER OF STEAM
5 Maker.
BOILERS."
The said Invention relates to further improvements in the apparatus for purifying
the "feed-water" of steam boilers, for which I obtained Provisional Protection
dated the Tenth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and eighty, and
0 numbered 3268.
In carrying out the Invention as described in the said Provisional Specification,
I found that I did not obtain the required results, and that I could not work
satisfactorily with one heater or purifying apparatus, as the water required to be
at rest for a certain limited time without any commotion whatsoever, which
necessitated the employment of two purifying apparatuses or heaters provided
with a regulated feeding and blowing off apparatus.
And the present Invention relates to improved apparatus for removing from the
water employed in feeding steam boilers, or from the water intended to be
employed for washing wool, or for other purposes for which soft pure water is
O required, impure and organic matters, such as carbonates of lime, oxide of iron,
silica, and sulphuric acid, thus preventing deposits or incrustation in steam boilers,
and effecting a great saving in fuel and lessening the wear and tear of the boilers.
For this purpose, in any suitable position near a steam boiler or boilers, I fix
two purifying apparatuses or heaters, and each purifier or heater is constructed by
preference with a cylindrical wrought iron shell or casing. The bottom of the shell
is made with a flange which fits and is secured on a top flange of a cast iron
tubular or cylindrical frame secured to a bottom foundation frame. In the tube or
cylindrical frame are fitted tubes, which are made by preference of brass; these
tubes are fitted inside the shell and extend nearly by two thirds of the length of
the casing; the tops of the tubes are secured in a top plate having a flange on
which is secured a curved cover, leaving steam room inside the cover.
The bottom of each tube frame and of each heater is made with a chamber to
which is fitted a tap which is connected to a discharge pipe; the taps are worked
by gear as hereinafter described, and the bottom of each foundation plate is made
with a chamber having a boss and an opening, to which is fitted a condensed water
pipe connected to other pipes, which discharge the condensed water into the boiler
or boilers; check valves are employed and fitted to the boiler.
To the shells of the heaters and near the bottoms of the tubes are fitted blocks
having openings leading to the interior of the shells; to these blocks are fitted
pipes and between the pipes is fitted a three-way tap or cock; on the top of this
feed pump to each purifier or heater. The three-way tap or cock is actuated by
tap is fitted a pipe connected to other pipes which bring the feed water from the
gear to alternately feed the heaters with water at a regulated time, videlicet about
stone work, and in the bearings of the frame works a shaft which is actuated by a
every half hour; for this purpose a frame is secured on the top of the foundation
worm wheel operated by a worm fitted on a shaft working in bearings secured to
the frame; this shaft is worked by a pulley fitted on one of the ends, which pulley
is driven by a strap or belt, or the worm shaft may be driven by a small steam
or by hydraulic power. The worm actuating the worm wheel gives motion
engine
to the worm wheel shaft which actuates two tappets.
One of the tappets
actuates a runner fitted on a stud which is secured on the end of a vertical rod,
giving a lifting and lowering motion to the rod, which actuates a short lever fitted
of feed water to the other heater, and immediately or before the water is passed

page_text: through the heater, the other tappet actuates a
scured to
a lever, which gives motion to double le vers which actuate short levers connected
to the sludge cocks, opening the cocks to discharge any organic matters dissolved
and precipitated in the bottom of the casings. The sludge cocks only remain open
two or three seconds; a stop valve is fitted over the three-way cock to shut off the
feed water when required.
Steam at seventy pounds boiler pressure is by preference employed, which passes
through a copper coiled pipe and through the cover and brass pipes, which heat
the feed water in the casing; steam at seventy pounds boiler pressure contains
three hundred and twenty degrees of heat, which heat being taken up by the
feed water causes the organic matters to be dissolved and precipitated in the
bottom of the casing, the carbonate of lime dissolving with a heat of two hundred
and sixty degrees, oxide of iron and silica with two hundred and twelve degrees,
and sulphuric acid with two hundred and sixty degrees; these organic matters are
forced by the pressure of the water through the chamber of the tube frame, and
through the sludge cocks when opened, into the sludge discharge pipes and into a
sewer or other suitable receiver.
The heated purified water passes through pipes fitted in the tops of the heaters
and through other pipes into check valves in the boiler or boilers.
The condensed water falls back through pipes to the boiler or boilers; therefore
there is no waste of steam, as the steam employed to precipitate the organic
matters heats the feed water, and the condensed steam is returned to the boiler in a
pure and heated state.
I can employ the improved purifying apparatus to remove all impurities from
water intended to be used for washing wool or for other purposes for which soft
pure water is required to be used.
And in order to enable my improvements to be better understood, I will proceed
to describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1
represents an elevation of my improved apparatus for purifying the feed water of
steam boilers, and Figure 2 a sectional elevation of my said apparatus for purifying
water to be used for washing wool or for other purposes requiring soft pure water.
Similar letters are employed to represent similar or corresponding parts.
A steam boiler, to which are fitted two purifying apparatuses or heaters B, which
are constructed with cylindrical wrought iron shells or casings C having flanges D
secured on the top of cast iron cylindrical frames E, which are fitted and secured
to bottom foundation frames F; in the frames E are secured tubes G, which are
by preference of brass, and these tubes pass inside the shells or casings C, and
extend nearly two thirds of the length of the casings; the tops of the tubes G are
secured in top plates or chambers H which have flanges I, on which are secured
the covers J.
The bottom of each tube frame and of each heater is made with a chamber K, to
which is fitted a tap or sludge cock L, which is connected to a sludge discharge
pipe M; the tap or cock is actuated by gear.
Bosses N are cast on the foundation plates, which have openings in which are
secured condensed water pipes O connected to other pipes P, which discharge the
condensed water into the boiler or boilers A; check valves Q are employed which
are fitted to the boiler.
The shells or casings of the heaters are fitted with branch pipes or blocks R, to
which are fitted pipes S, between which is secured a three-way cock T. On the top
of the cock is fitted a pipe U, which, by means of other pipes V, is connected to
feeds the heaters with feed water at a regulated time, videlicet, about every
half hour, and to actuate the cock T, when required gear is employed, which
The three-way cock T alternately
the bearings of the frame works a shaft Y actuated by a worm wheel Z, which
constructed with a frame W, which is secured on the foundation stone work X. In
worm wheel is worked by a worm A' fitted on a shaft B', working in bearings
fitted to the frame W and in a bearing C secured on the top of the stone work.
the feed pump supplying the feed water.

page_text: The shaft is actuated by a pulley D' driven by a strap or belt, or the worm shaft B'
The be driven by a small steam engine or by hydraulic power.
The worm
wheel A¹ actuates two tappets E¹ and F1 which are secured on the shaft Y; the
tappet E' actuates the runner G¹, which works on a stud secured to a rod H¹, and
which gives a lifting and lowering motion to the rod H', which actuates a short
lever I connected to the three-way cock, which reverses the supply of feed water
to the other heater. Immediately and before the water is passed through the heater
the other tappet F1 actuates a runner R¹ fitted on a stud secured to a lever, which
gives motion to double levers J' connected to levers K' connected to the sludge
Socks L, thus opening the cocks and discharging any organic matters dissolved and
precipitated in the bottoms of the heaters, which matters are forced by the pressure
of the water through the chambers of the tube frames, through the sludge cocks
when opened, and through the sludge pipes into a sewer or other suitable receiver;
the sludge cocks only remain open two or three seconds. A stop valve L¹ is fitted
over the three-way cock to shut off the feed water when required.
In Figure 2, the boiler A supplies steam at boiler pressure through the steam
pipe M' and through the tubes G, the condensed steam falling back into the boiler
through the pipes O, the purifiers or heaters being placed above the boiler. The
water in the heater and around the tubes G receives about the same heat as the
0 temperature of the tubes, and passes from the first heater into the second heater
through the pipe or pipes N¹, and is therein cooled to a point below the heat of the
boiler. The water being at a higher temperature on leaving the first heater would
give off steam, which is discharged into an open vessel.
The cold water to be purified enters through the pipe Q1 into and up the first
5 set of tubes and into the chamber H, then down the other tubes, and passes out
through the branch pipe P¹; it then enters the second heater through the branch
pipe S¹, passing on through the heater and out through the pipe or pipes N' into
the other purifier, and is then discharged through the pipe O¹. The cold water
is heated by the hot water going out, and the hot water is cooled, by which
means I produce soft purified hot water, and the precipitated impurities fall into
the bottom of the heater and are blown out when required.
30
35
40
45
Having thus described my improvements, and the best means I am acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details shewn, as they can be varied without
departing from the peculiar character of the Invention, but what I do claim is,-
Firstly. The general arrangement, construction, and employment of water
purifying apparatuses and heaters, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly. The general arrangement, construction, and employment of the self
acting apparatus for regularly and alternately feeding the purifying or heating
apparatus with feed water, and for blowing off or discharging the organic matters
dissolved and precipitated into the bottom of the apparatus at a regulated time,
as and for the purposes herein before described and represented in the
accompanying Drawing.
substantially
In witness whereof, I, the said William Hanson, have hereunto set my hand
Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
WILLIAM