Improvements in Apparatus for Raising and Drawing Off Liquids.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2 th. Apr., 1895--Accepted, 8th June, 1895
PROVISIONAL..SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Raising and Drawing Off Liquids.
I, ALPHONSE BONNORONT, of Calle Rivadavia 1769, Buenos Aires, Argentine
Republic, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows
-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for raising and drawing off
liquids and has for object to provide an apparatus by which liquids can be
raised by utilizing the pressure of water contained in a reservoir or other vessel.
The improved apparatus has neither valve nor piston; its. working is sure and its
operation easy. It consists essentially of a vessel communicating at one part with
the atmosphere and at another part with the liquid to be raised; if the vessel is
operated in such a manner as to be put in communication with the liquid to be
raised its communication with the atmosphere is thereby interrupted and at the
same time water under pressure is introduced into it. This water compresses the
air contained in the vessel and in a closed vat in communication with it and con-
taining the liquid to be raised which liquid under the influence of the pressure
rises and escapes through a nozzle into a flask or other vessel as may be desired.
The improved apparatus comprises two distinct parts one fixed and the other
movable around the axis of the first.
The fixed part comprises a plate and four small tubes to which are connected
pipes the openings of which pass through the fixed plate.
The movable part comprises a distributer plate formed with a circular groove at
the bottom of which is an india-rubber ring; the rabetted edge of the vessel is
firmly held in the groove by suitable means to ensure a tight joint.
The distributer plate is provided with a bolt around which is a helical spring
the object of which is to press the said plates against each other to form a tight
joint between their contact surfaces; the tension of the spring is adjusted by means
of nuts.
Within the vessel is arranged a U-shaped tube the two arms of which commu-
nicate with openings formed in the movable plate and opening at their upper parts
into a small chamber common to both the flat bottom of which is provided with an
opening by means of which one of the arms can be put in communication with
the vessel.
On the movable plate is mounted a pipe bent at its upper part opening above a
support formed integral with the movable plate and provided with a handle; this
support is hollowed cylindrically or otherwise and its bottom is formed with an
inclined duct.
The movable plate is also formed with two openings and the fixed plate is like-
wise provided with two small openings. A cork float provided at its upper part
with a washer is adapted to slide between the arms of the U-shaped tube and close
the opening. in. the small chamber.
=
In order that the fluids may not escape by reason of an insufficient tightness of
joints of the plates by the edges of the various openings above mentioned, each of
them is provided with a special joint which consists.of.a leather or india-rubber
washer having a central opening, the said wasber being subjected to the action of

page_text: a belical spring which causes it to partially issue from the opening and press
against the friction surface with which it forms a tight joint.
Dated the 27th day of July 1894
·
$
Improvements in Apparatus for Raising and Drawing Off Liquids.
J, ALPHONSE BONNORONT, of Calle Rivadavia 1769, Buenos Aires, Argentine
Republic, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner-the-same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for raising and drawing off
liquids and has for object to provide an apparatus by which liquids can be raised
by utilizing the pressure of water contained in a reservoir or other vessel.. The
improved apparatus has neither valve nor piston; its working is sure and its
operation easy. It consists essentially of a vessel communicating with the
atmosphere and with the liquid to be raised. If the vessel is operated in such a
manner as to be put in communication with the liquid to be raised its communication
with the atmosphere is thereby interrupted and at the same time water under
pressure is introduced into it. This water compresses the air contained in the
vessel and in a closed vat in communication with it and containing the liquid to be
raised; which liquid under the influence of the pressure rises and escapes through
a nozzle into a glass or other vessel as may be desired.
:
The improved: apparatus can be advantageously employed instead of the beer
engines ordinarily used but it can also be used for raising other liquids.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same with
reference to: the accompanying drawings; in which:
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the improved apparatus:
Figure 2. is a plan of the distributer :
Figure 3 is an elevation partly in section of the apparatus:
Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 3:
Figure 5 is a view shewing the installation of my improved apparatus :
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation and plan of a detail.
Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10 shew a device for automatically cutting off the water
under pressure.
The improved apparatus comprises two distinct parts one fixed and the other
movable around the axis of the first.
The fixed part consists of a plate a° which can be fixed by means of screws to a
shop counter, for example, and four small tubes a, b, d, to which are connected
the pipes a, b, c, d, the passages of which are continued through the fixed plate aº.
The movable part consists of a distributer plate è having a circular groove e¹
provided at the bottom with an india-rubber ring; the 'flanged edge fi of the
vessel is firmly held in the groove by a ring or collar screwed to the plate e to
ensure a tight joint.
The distributer plate e is provided with a bolt 2 around which is coiled a helical
spring for pressing the said plates aº and e against each other to form a tight joint,
the tension of the spring es being adjusted by means of the nuts es, e².
Within the vesself is arranged a U-tube the two arms g, g' of which commu-
nicate with openings formed in the movable plate e and open at their upper ends
into a small chamber common to both, the flat bottom of which is provided with an
orifice o° by means of which one of the arms 9,9' can be put in communication
with the vessel f.

page_text: On the movable plate e is mounted a pipe which is bent at its upper end to
the form shewn in Figure 1 aud' opens above a support formed integral with the
movable plate e and provided with a bandle. This support is hollowed
cylindrically or otherwise and its bottom is provided with an inclined duct."
The movable plate e is also provided with two openings and i, and the fixed
plate a is likewise furnished with two small openings and g². A cork float k
provided at its upper part with a washer k¹ is adapted to slide between the arms g
and g of the U-tube shewn in Figure 3.
In lieu of the float kiny apparatus, may be furnished with the device.shewn
in Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10. This device is composed of a pump cylinder g fixed to
the plate e above the water inlet c; a piston p, p, p, p₁ of varied diameter works
in the cylinder, and a lever is pivotted to the cylinder at o and is provided at its
extremity with wires soldered to a sphere t acting as a float. The device is also
provided with an india-rubber or other suitable washer u and with a spiral spring v.
The piston is made of varied diameter; the lower part p', which has the largest
diameter, is formed with four notches po, po to allow of the passage of the water
which then surrounds the part p² of the piston which has the smallest diameter,
issues by the exits z and passes to the vesself. The part pl of the piston has, the
spiral spring vwound round it and the topmost part p* of the piston is semi-
cylindrical in section. Against the shoulder formed by the parts p and p³ the
projection of the lever rests.
:
When this device is used in place of the float k the two arms g and gt of the
U-tube are divided at the top of the vesself and the chamber into which both
arms open at the top is dispensed with.
In order that the fluids may not escape by reason of an insufficient tightness of
joints between the plates aº and e, I provide each orifice with a special joint shewa
in Figure 6 which consists of a leather or india-rubber washer m. having a central.
opening m¹, the said washer being subjected to the action of a helical spring n
which causes it to partially issue from the orifice to which it is attached and to
press against the surface with which it is to form a joint.
In the normal state the fixed and movable parts of the apparatus are in the
positions shewn in the drawing.
D
If, by means of the handle h, the plate e be turned (the movement of the plate e
is limited by a stop p) the opening of the arm g of the U-tube comes opposite the
orifice 6', the opening opposite the small tube c', the pipe h opposite the small
tube d' and the orifice i is withdrawn from its position over the small. tube a' which
becomes covered.
Water under pressure is conducted through the pipe c, the small tube c¹ and the
opening into the vesself, thereby compressing the air contained in the latter;
the pipe 6' communicates with the vessel or vat containing the liquid to be raised ;
the pressure of the air in the vesself is transmitted to the vat by the arm g
of the U-tube, the small tube 6' and the tube b, and the liquid which it contains is
then forced up through the pipe d, the tube d¹ and the pipe h from which it flows
into a vessel or glass placed upon the support h' to receive it.
When the vessel or glass is filled, the plate e is returned to its original position
by means of the handle h³.
The water contained in the vessel fescapes through the orifice i and the tube a',
during the time this vessel is in communication with the atmosphere through the
arm and the orifice g so that the air contained in the vesself can be replenished
after each operation.
If, through inattention or through any other cause, the vessel placed upon the
support, or upon a grating with which it is provided, is not removed when it is
filled the liquid in excess runs off through the duct and orifice which latter
communicates with a small tube * leading to a vessel arranged to receive the
overflow.
All loss of liquid is thus avoided and it will be easily seen that each operation
can be effected with great rapidity. If, by reason of too great a pressure, the

page_text: water rises too high in the vessel f, the float.k also rises, being guided between the
arms and of the U-tube, and effectually closes, the orifice.g by means of
the washer the 'water cannot therefore in any case become, mixed: with, the
liquid to be raised.
;
2
L
If my apparatus is furnished with the automatic interrupter herein before
described in lieu of the float, when the orifice c comes over the inlet tube c¹ of
the water, this water presses on the piston.p', passes through the four notches p°, p°,
fills the pump cylinder q and passes to the vesself through the holes or orifices z.
The water in rising in the vesself causes the sphere t to rise and the latter carries
with it the lever r until the same is horizontal. At this moment the projection rl
escapes from the shoulder formed between the parts p' and ps of the piston and the
latter is therefore forced upwards in the cylinder until the lowest portion p¹ strikes
against the washer u thereby cutting off the passage of the water to the vessel f¹.
When the plate e of the apparatus is returned to its original position, that is to say,
its normal position the sphere t falls with the water in the vesself, the spring
forces the piston p downwards and the projection again rests on the shoulder, of
the piston. The water is therefore cut off automatically by this device.
v
A valve is placed in the tube g' for retaining air for the purpose of maintaining
the pressure on the liquid. This pressure will be more or less according to the
amount of liquid allowed to flow from the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. An apparatus for raising liquids having an air vessel, the solid bottom of which
is formed in one piece with a support handle and a curved pipe, the vessel being
arranged to turn on a fixed plate also having orifices and tubes for the inlet of
water, compressed air, and for conducting and discharging the liquid to be raised,
the said bottom of the air vessel also having orifices which can be brought into
communication with the orifices in the fixed plate, and the said, vessel containing
a U-tube the ends of which open into a common chamber having an orifice opening
into the interior of the vessel and a cork float arranged between the arms..of
the U-tube to close the opening of the chamber which connects the arms of the
U-tube, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
2. In an apparatus for raising liquids of the kind described in Claim 1 a
distributing arrangement consisting of two plates one fixed and the other movable,
both having orifices, those of the fixed plate being provided with tubes for the
inlet of water and compressed air, and for conducting and discharging the liquid
to be raised, substantially as described.
3. In an apparatus for raising liquids by means of compressed air and water
under pressure of the kind described in Claim 1, an arrangement for automatically
interrupting the communication between the compressed air vessel and the closed
vessel containing the liquid to be raised consisting of a cork float guided between
the arms of a U-tube arranged in the air vessel and adapted, in case of an over-
flow, to close an orifice in the chamber which connects the two arms of the U-tube,
substantially as described.
4. In an apparatus for raising liquids of the kind described in Claim 1, a device
for automatically cutting off the entrance of water and preventing all communi-
cation between the water in the air vessel and the vessel containing the liquid to
be raised, comprising a pump-cylinder fixed on the movable plate of the apparatus
above the inlet for the water, the cylinder being provided with a piston of variable
diameter the upward stroke of which is limited by a projection or a lever attached
to a sphere acting as a float, arranged in such a manner. that when the float arrives
at a certain level the projection leaves the piston which then automatically cuts off
the passage of the water, an antagonistic spring causing the piston to return to its
lower position substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
5. In an apparatus for raising liquids of the kind described in Claim 1, a joint

page_text: consisting of a leather or india-rubber washer formed with a central opening and
subjected to the action of a helical spring which causes it to bear against one of
the plates between which the joint is to be made, substantially as described.
Dated this 29th day of April 1895.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.