IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES FOR BRUSHING THE HAIR, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLI- CABLE TO BRUSHES FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Theophilus Horrex, of South Square, Gray's Inn, in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BRUSHES FOR BRUSHING THE HAIR, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLI-
CABLE TO BRUSHES FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 30th June 1865, and dated the 7th January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Theophilus Horrex at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th January 1865.
I, THEOPHILUS HORREX, of South Square, Gray's Inn, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES FOR BRUSHING THE HAIR, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO BRUSHES FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows :-
Brushes used for brushing the hair soon become clogged and dirty by nse,
so as to require frequent cleansing, and as they are at present constructed
considerable difficultyäis experienced in effectually cleansing the bristles from
the roots to their points, and recourse is often had for this purpose to soaking
in hot or other water or fluid, the tendency of which is to destroy the rigidity
of the bristles and the consequent efficiency of them for use, as well as to
[Price 8d 1

page_text: injure the ornamental character of the wood or other material of which the
back or base of the brush may be composed.
My improvements have for their object to remedy these evils by forming
the part or the principal part of it in which the bristles are set capable of being
detached from the base or back for purposes of cleansing or otherwise, and of
being readily reapplied again when cleansed, and in dividing the bristles into
rows or sets, which are fixed in separate slips or bars of wood or other suitable
material connected and held together by canvas or otherwise, to form joints as
hinges between them, by which when this part of a brush is removed from the
back or body, it may be folded at any of these hinge joints to admit of the
rows of bristles being separated or opened, and freely cleansed from their
roots to their points by a brush or other cleanser, without the necessity
for soaking or other immersion of them in hot or other water or fluid.
One or more rows of bristles at each side of the brush may be permanently
attached to the back and be used as cleansers for the other moveable portion
of them.
The holding of the moveable portion to the back or base may be
by a wire or wires passed through it, and through projections from the back
or body, or by other suitable means. In some cases the jointed portion con-
taining the bristles may be used without a rigid back or with the simple
application of a handle or holder.
In like manner may brushes for other purposes be constructed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Theophilus Horrex in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 7th July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THEOPHILUS
HORREX, of South Square, Gray's Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Theophilus Horrex, Her special licence that I, the said Theophilus
Horrex, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Theophilus Horrex, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times

page_text: thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES FOR BRUSHING THE HAIR, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO BRUSHES FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Theophilus Horrex, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Theophilus Horrex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Brushes used for brushing the hair soon become clogged and dirty by use,
so as to require frequent cleansing, and as they are at present constructed
considerable difficulty is experienced in effectually cleansing the bristles from
the roots to their points, and recourse is often had for this purpose to soaking
in hot or other water or fluid, the tendency of which is to destroy the
rigidity of the bristles and the consequent efficiency of them for use, as
well as to injure the ornamental character of the wood or other material
of which the back or base of the brush may be composed.
My improvements have for their object to remedy these evils by forming
the part or the principal part of the brush in which the bristles are set capable
of being detached from the base or back thereof, for purposes of cleansing
or otherwise, and of being readily reapplied again when a cleansing has been
effected, and by dividing the bristles into rows or sets, which are fixed in
separate slips or bars of wood or other similar material, connected and held
together by canvas or otherwise, to form joiuts as hinges between them, by
which, when this part of a brush is removed from the back or body it may be
folded at any of these hinge joints to admit of the rows of bristles being sepa-
rated or opened and freely cleansed from their roots to their points by a brush
or other cleanser, without the necessity for soaking or other immersion of them
iu hot or other water or fluid. One or more rows of bristles at each side of
the brush may be permanently attached to the back and be used as cleansers
for the other moveable portion of them. The holding of the moveable portion
to the back or base may be by a wire or wires passed through it, and through
projections from the back or body, or by other suitable means.

page_text: adopted in carrying the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figures 1 and 2, show two opposite side or back and front views, and
Figure 3, a section of a bair brush constructed according to my Invention.
In these views the parts are shown together in position for use, and in each of
them the same letters indicate corresponding portions thereof. The back it
will be seen is formed in two parts a and b, the part a being that in which
the bristles are set, and the part 6 being that which is generally (particularly
in respect of hair brushes) made of fancy wood, or is otherwise of an orna-
mental or more costly character. These two parts are in these Figures
connected together by the part b, having slotted or elongated openings 61, 62,
formed in it, adapted to receive studs a¹, a², affixed to the part a, and the
connection of the parts a and b is obtained by first passing the elongated
opening b¹, in the part b, over the head of the stud a' in the part a, and then
sliding that part 6 on the stem of that stud a', so that the head of that stud
may come over and thereby hold on that portion of the part b, and at the
same time by passing the elongated opening 63 of the part 6 over the stud aa
of the part a, and turning that stud as it is free to do, partly round over that
portion of the part b, the part b will be securely held to the part a. The
part a is also subdivided into parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, & 9, in each of
which is set separate rows or sets of bristles c, c, c, and these parts 1 to 9 are
secured together by the application to one surface thereof by glueing or other-
wise of canvas or other suitable material indicated by a red line which will
hold those parts together, and yet admit of their folding upon adjoining pieces
as upon hinge joints; so that when the part a is removed from its part b
the subordinate parts may be folded on adjoining ones, and the bristles thereof
cleansed in separate rows or sets by brushing or rubbing, without the necessity
for the application thereto of hot water or other liquid, or at least for con-
tinued immersion thereof in such liquid; and yet the part a will be held
correctly for use when applied to a back 6 or other rigid surface.
Figure 4 shows the part a separately and partly folded; Figure 5 shows
by a plan, and Figure 6 by a sectional view, the part 6 separately; Figures
7 and 8 show by plan and sectional views a modification of the Invention, in
which the parts a and b are held together by screwing, e being a screw
tapped to pass through the part 6 into a nut fin the part a. By turning the
head o³ of the screw e in one direction or the other, the parts may be readily

page_text: connected or separated as required. Figure 9 shows by another sectional
view a modification of the Invention, in which the outer rows of bristles
are set in projections 63, 63, formed on or applied to the part b, and in which
the parts a and b may be held together by a wire or pin d passed through
the parts 63 and a, and in which the separation of these parts is effected by
the withdrawal of the pin or wire d. In this case the rows of bristles c', c', set
in the parts 63, may be used to cleanse the bristles c in the part a when the
part a is removed from the part b.
In some cases the jointed portion containing the bristles may be used
without a back b. and with the simple application of a wire or wires through
the separate parts of which the part a is composed, and a handle or other
holder to such parts.
In like manner may brushes for other purposes be constructed.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I have found to
answer in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details shown and described, as these
may be varied without departing from the peculiar character of the Inven-
tion, but what I claim is, the constructing of brushes with the portion of
the back thereof, into which the bristles are set, formed in parts hing
together in manner substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Theophilus Horrex, have hereunto set
my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
THEOPH. HORREX. (L.S.)