Improvements in the Construction of Pressure Gauges.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 26th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 26th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Pressure Gauges.
I WILLIAM CLIFFORD of Norton Woodseats, in the County of Derby Mining
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the construction of pressure gauges used to measure the
elastic force of gases or air by means of vertical glass tubes joined at their bases, and
containing water or other liquid, the surface of which on one side is open to the gas or
air whose pressure it is desired to measure.
My improvements refer in particular to the following matters.-1, The general form
or construction. 2, The means of making the watertight joints between the glass
tubes and their metal fittings. 3, The openings in the metal fittings for the purpose
of cleaning the passages in the castings and inside the glass tubes; and to the means
of securing the covers of such openings. 4, The construction of the scales used to
indicate the different pressures..
In the general form or construction, I make my gauges with two vertical tubes
connected together at their bases only, by means of a hollow double shoe of metal,
having a passage within it open to each tube. The upper ends of the tubes are held in
a vertical position by a double thimble. There is a perforated cork of rubber in the
end of each tube, and a bent tube in each perforation.
Instead of the usual screw down glands and stuffing boxes at the bases of the glass
tubes, I make an annular groove or seating to hold a packing ring, inside the mouthings
which project from the upper side of the hollow double shoe before mentioned. These
grooves or seatings are of suitable form to compress the packing rings upon the tubes,
when the tubes are pressed into their proper positions.
To the usual openings in the shoe, and directly under the glass tubes, I fix hinged
doors, each being secured by a separate fastening, or by one only, common to both
of them.
In one or both ends of the hollow double shoe 1 make an opening, closed by
a hinged, or by a screw down cap, and directly opposite the horizontal passage
connecting the bottom ends of the glass tubes.
I propose to make the scales for measuring the pressures of glass or other trans-
parent material, and etch or otherwise mark the graduations upon the back thereof, or
upon paper or other suitable material to be placed at the back of the glass, and if
desirable such scale may be illuminated from behind.
I prefer to make such scales in sections dividing their length into several parts, so
that a damaged section can be replaced without renewing the whole.
Deted the 20th day of November 1889
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Pressure Gauges.
I, WILLIAM CLIFFORD, of Norton Woodseats, in the County of Derby, Mining
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
•
This invention relates to the construction of pressure gauges to be used for
measuring the elastic force of gases ór air by means of vertical glass tubes joined or

page_text: !
communicating at their bases and containing water or other liquid, the surface of
which on one side is open to the gas or air whose pressure it is desired to measure, and
on the other to the atmosphere.
I have illustrated this invention in the annexed sheet of drawings, in which like
reference letters refer to like parts.
Fig. 1, is a sectional elevation of a gauge made according to my invention.
Fig. 2, is a plan of bottom shoe, inverted.
Fig. 3, horizontal section top plate.
Fig. 4, section, showing scale fastened to board.
Fig. 5, a modification of bottom shoe.
Fig. 6, plan of shoe in Fig. 5, inverted.
Fig. 7, front elevation of gauge, with hinged door or shoe, secured at one end.
Fig. 8, inverted plan of shoe in Fig. 7.
The invention refers particularly to the following ;
The general form and construction; the means of making the watertight joints
between the glass tubes and their metal fittings; the openings in the metal fittings for
cleaning purposes; and to the covers and means of securing them; and to the con-
struction of the scales used to indicate the different pressures.
In general form or construction I make the gauge with two vertical tubes A, internally
connected together at their bases only, by means of a hollow double shoe of
metal B, having a passage within it, communicating with the inside of each
tube.
The upper ends of the tubes are held in a vertical position by a double thimble or top
plate E, and in the end of each tube there is a perforated cork of rubber or other
suitable material H, and a tube or bend F, in each perforation.
Instead of the usual screw down glands and stuffing boxes at the bases of the
glass tubes, I make annular grooves or seatings K to receive packing rings, which
project therefrom, these grooves are made in the mouthings J, which project from
the upper side of the shoe B. These annular grooves are of suitable form to compress
the packing rings upon the tubes when the tubes are forced into the mouthings.
To the usual openings L, in the shoe, and directly under the glass tubes, I fix
hinged doors M, or one door common to both openings, see Fig. 7. A separate
fastening O, to each door or one common to both is used to secure them.
The said doors may be hinged so as to swing vertically or horizontally, and may
each be hinged by their ends, or (if two) upon a common centre Q between the
two openings as in Fig. 1.
The fastenings may be hinged screws O, taking between a fork or open slot P,
on or in the door piece, and the screw may have a winged or plain nut; or a
stirrup and screw, or other mechanical equivalent may be used that will effectually
secure the doors.
In one or both ends of the hollow shoe B, I make an opening, closed by any suitable
and removable device, such as a screw N, this opening is directly opposite the
passage C, for cleaning purposes.
I propose to make the scales D, for measuring the pressures, either of glass or of
other transparent material, and to etch or otherwise mark the gradations or divisions
and figures upon the back thereof, or upon paper or other suitable material to be
placed at the back of the glass.
I prefer to make the scales D of the pressure-gauges in sections, dividing their
length into several parts, so that a damaged section can be replaced without renewing
the whole length.
The modification shown in Fig. 5, shows a door M made to swing horizontally
upon the fastening screw; the manner of placing the packing rings K in the
mouthings J, is also shown.
In Fig. 4, the scale is shown fixed to the back board by means of the clips R, but
other means of fixing the scale may be used.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The general arrangement and combination of parts, constituting the gauge as
illustrated in Figures 1 and 5.
2. In pressure gauges, the placing of packing in grooves, recesses, or seatings, to be
compressed in such grooves, recesses, or seatings, by the gauge glasses, in contra-
distinction to being pressed against the glasses by screw down glands, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
3. In pressure gauges, the use of flaps or doors to cleaning holes, (in place of
the usual screw-down caps) with the manner of fastening same substantially as
described and shown.
4. In pressure gauges; a scale constructed by marking the graduations and figures
on the back of strips of glass or other transparent material, or upon material placed
at the back of such glass strips.
5. In pressure gauges, the construction of the scales in sections or short lengths,
placed end to end to form a complete scale.
Dated the 17th day 01
OCOT DO ITT
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.