IMPROVEMENTS IN STUFFING BOXES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Emil Hæger, of Kolback, in the Kingdom of
Sweden, but temporarily of the Office for Patents, 323, High Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUFFING
BOXES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Emil Hoeger at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1880.
CARL EMIL HŒEGER, of Kolback, in the Kingdom of Sweden, but temporarily of
the Office for Patents, 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex.
66 IMPROVEMENTS IN STUFFING BOXES."
My improvements are chiefly applicable where a pipe has to be connected by a
steamtight joint to a moving cylinder whether rotating entirely or only oscillating,
and I have designed them especially to overcome a difficulty which I know to exist,
particularly in what are known as drying cylinders for paper making, though it
will be seen that they may be applied to other purposes where the conditions are
similar. The ordinary way of constructing the stuffing boxes of drying cylinders
is similar to that of an ordinary steam engine cylinder, the pipe taking the place
of the piston rod, but a collar is formed upon the end of the pipe and fits into the
recess forming the stuffing box; the packing is pressed against the back of this
collar by the gland being screwed up, and it is evident that when the cylinder
revolves and the pipe remains steady the friction between the end of the pipe and
collar and the bottom of the stuffing box must be enormous, and the tighter the
gland is screwed up the more the friction.
Now by my Invention, I entirely obviate this drawback, and get rid of the
friction in the simplest manner. In one form I make the bottom of the stuffing
box a little smaller in diameter than the rest, and in this part the pipe end and
collar is free to turn without touching the metal, and into the stuffing box and
round the pipe I place a loose collar or ring, preferably countersunk upon one side,
the other or plane side abutting against the bottom of the stuffing box; the
packing and gland are inserted as usual, but the pressure is taken by the loose
ring whilst the collar on the end of the pipe is free in its recess. A modification
of this is to bore out the stuffing box to the bottom, leaving a sharp corner all
round, and forming the recess in the loose ring, which would then require to be
deeper.
A better plan perhaps than either of the foregoing is to make the stuffing box
entirely separate from the cylinder end or trunion, form the recess for the pipe end
and collar in the solid metal, and then bolt the stuffing box on over it; the result
is of course the same as in the other cases.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Carl Emil Hoeger in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th June
1881.
CARL EMIL HOEGER, of Kolback, in the Kingdom of Sweden, but temporarily
of the Office for Patents, 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STUFFING BOXES."
My improvements are chiefly applicable where a pipe has to be connected by a
steamtight joint to a moving cylinder (or a cylinder to a revolving pipe) whether
rotating entirely or partially, and I have designed them specially to overcome a
difficulty which I know to exist, particularly in what are known as drying cylinders
for paper making, though it will be seen that they may be applied to other
purposes where the conditions are similar. The ordinary way of constructing the
stuffing boxes of drying cylinders is similar to that of an ordinary steam engine
cylinder, the pipe taking the place of the piston rod, but a collar is formed upon
the end of the pipe and fits into the recess forming the stuffing box; the packing
is pressed against the back of this collar by the gland being screwed up, and it is
evident that when the cylinder revolves and the pipe remains steady the friction
between the end of the pipe and collar and the bottom of the stuffing box must be
enormous, and the tighter the gland is screwed up the more the friction.
Now by my Invention I entirely obviate this drawback, and get rid of the
friction in the simplest manner. In one form I make the bottom of the stuffing
box a little smaller in diameter than the rest, and in this part the pipe end and
collar is free to turn without touching the metal, and into the stuffing box and
round the pipe I place a loose collar or ring, preferably countersunk upon one side,
the other or plane side abutting against the bottom of the stuffing box; the
packing and gland are inserted as usual, but the pressure is taken by the loose
ring whilst the collar on the end of the pipe is free in its recess. A modification
of this is to bore out the stuffing box to the bottom, leaving a sharp corner all
round, and forming the recess in the loose ring, which would then require to be
deeper.
A better plan perhaps than either of the foregoing is to make the stuffing box
entirely separate from the cylinder end or trunnion, form the recess for the pipe end
and collar in the solid metal, and then bolt the stuffing box on over it; the result
is of course the same as in the other cases.
Reference being now had to the accompanying Drawings in the different Figures
of which like letters represent like parts. Fig. 1 is a section showing the
arrangement of stuffing boxes now in general use; Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are similar
views of my improved construction; and Figs. 5 and 6 are end views of Figs. 2
and 4 respectively. A is the cylinder end, cover, or trunnion; B, the gland forced
in and retained by bolts and nuts or equivalent B'; C is the pipe provided with a
collar or head C¹; D is the recess which contains the packing; and A' is the hole
or passage through the trunnion. By referring to Fig. 1 it is evident that great
friction must be engendered between the collar C¹ and the bottom of the recess D
as the cylinder revolves, but the pipe remains stationary, and the harder the
gland B is screwed up the greater will the friction be. In Fig. 3 the general
arrangement is similar to Fig. 1, but with this important difference, that the recess D
is of larger diameter than the collar C¹, which works in a prolongation D¹ of the
recess, whilst a loose ring or false bottom of the stuffing box D2, preferably recessed
on one side to receive the packing, takes all the end pressure of the packing, thus
entirely obviating the necessity for any friction between the collar C¹ and the
bottom of the recess D¹ if sufficient room be given it.

page_text: Fig. 4 is a modification of Fig. 3 inasmuch as the recess D is bored out full
size to the bottom, and a recess is provided in the loose ring D³ for the collar C¹ to
work in.
In Fig. 2 the same end is attained by forming the stuffing box entirely separate
from the cylinder end or trunnion A, to which it is bolted or otherwise suitably
secured outside the collar C¹, which works free in its recess D¹ in the cylinder end
as before.
Having now described my Invention, and the method of performing the same,
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details as set
forth herein, as these may be varied with reasonable limits without departing
from the principle of my Invention, and that what I claim and desire to protect
under the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The recess D¹ or its equivalent, within which the collar C of pipe C is free
to revolve without pressure from the packing, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth and shown.
Second. The loose ring D2 or its equivalent which serves as a bottom for the
stuffing box and a cover for the collar C', which is thereby protected from the
pressure of the packing, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and
shown.
Third. The employment of a separate stuffing box in combination with the
recess D¹ of cylinder end or trunnion A as a means of relieving collar C¹ from
the pressure of the packing, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and
shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Carl Emil Hæger, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
CARL EMIL HOEGER. (L.S.)