IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Smith, Mechanical Engineer, of Bradford,
in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 19th February 1875, and dated the 31st August 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the.
31st August 1874.
I, JOHN SMITH, Mechanical Engineer, of Bradford, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows, that is to
say :-
My Invention relates to employing a buffer and check fitted to the
going part of a loom for the purpose of checking the picker after the
shuttle is gone, doing away with check straps, and preventing grease.
or oil spots being thrown on the fabrics in process of weaving. For
this purpose I employ a buffer composed of a metal box (by preference.
of malleable cast iron) which is fitted on the stud end of the going

page_text: part of a loom; this box is made in front with flanges for securing
india-rubber, two pieces of sizing, and a piece of leather which are
fitted in the box. The front piece of sizing is made thick for the
picker to strike against; the other piece of sizing is thin and serves
for receiving the oil, and prevents it getting to the india-rubber. The
spindle of the picker passes through the sizing, india-rubber, and back
plate of the box; but the hole in the front sizing is made large and
taper to receive any grease or oil that may arrive by the action of the
picker sliding on the spindle. I also fit a receiver in the bottom of
the box to receive any oil that may drip through the sizings. The
picker striking against the front and thick. sizing is checked by means
of the india-rubber pieces compressing and deadening the blow.
I also employ for checking the picker a lever fitted on the under
side of the end of the going part of the loom; this lever has a long
and a short arm, the long arm having a curved end with a ring formed:
on it, and made with a slot-hole. The spindle of the picker passes
through the slot hole and the picker strikes against the ring, receiving
the blow and checking it. On the short arm of the lever is formed
another lever on which is placed a weight made to slide so as to
regulate the amount of check required, and a guide is fitted on the side 2
of the going part keeping the long lever and slot hole in gear with the
spindle.
I can employ two springs fitted on the sides of the going part, back
and front; these springs are twisted, bringing the top part to face the
spindle. In the springs are fitted two rods on which is fitted a washer 2
made of sizing. The spindle passes through the centre of the washer;
or I can use spiral springs fitted on the rods instead of the twisted
springs fitted on the going part. The picker strikes against the sizing
and is checked.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of August, in the year.
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-,
cighth year of Her reigu, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Smith, Her special licence that
I, the said John Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Smith, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel.
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John.
Smith, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing,
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed.
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:-
This Invention relates to employing a buffer and check fitted to the
going part of a loom for the purpose of checking the picker after the
shuttle is gone, doing away with check straps, and preventing grease
or oil spots being thrown on the fabrics in process of weaving. For
this purpose I employ a buffer which is formed of a metal box (by
preference of malleable iron); this box is fitted on the picker spindle;
the front part of the box is made with flanges to secure the packing,
which is composed of picces of sizing, india-rubber, and leather. The
front piece of packing is made of sizing for the picker to strike against.
The spindle of the picker passes through the packing and is secured in.
the end of the box forming the stud end. The front piece of sizing is
made with a taper holo to receive any grease or oil that may arrive. by
the action of the picker sliding on the spindle. The picker striking

page_text: against the front sizing is checked by means of the india-rubber packing
compressing and deadening the blow; or I employ instead of the packing
a steel spring fitted in the box.
For checking, the picker I employ a spring fitted in the end of the
going part of the loom; this spring projects towards the picker spindle, 5
the picker after the shuttle is gone strikes in the space between the
spring and spindle, receiving a check; and to regulate the amount of
check required a stud is employed passed through the back part of the
end of the going part of the loom. On the stud is fitted a set nut
and thumbscrew; the stud passes through a spring fitted in the back 10
part of the end; or I employ two springs fitted in a small bracket
fastened to the inside of the end of the going part; the picker strikes
between the two springs receiving a check.
But in order to enable my improvements to be better understood, I
will proceed to more particularly describe the same by reference to the 1
accompanying Drawing, in which,-
Figure 1 represents a front elevation of the going part end of a loom
with a buffer fitted with packing, and with single spring check; Figure 2,
side view; and Figure 3, plan of same.
Figure 4 represents a similar elevation to Figure 1 of the going part 2
of a loom with a buffer fitted with a steel spring and double spring
check; Figure 5, plan of the same.
Figure 6 represents a sectional side clevation of a buffer and
packing drawn full size; Figure 7, front view; and Figure 8, plan
of the same.
Figure 9 represents a sectional side elevation of a buffer fitted with
a steel spring drawn full size; Figure 10, plan of the same.
Figure 11 represents a side elevation of a double spring check drawn
full size Figure 12, plan of the same.
こ
2
Figure 13 represents a sectional view of a buffer made of sizing; 3
Figure 14, front view of the same.
Similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures to represent
similar parts.
A, metal box of the buffer (drawn full size in Figures 6, 7, 8, 9,
and 10); the picker spindle B fits in the stud end C formed on the a

page_text: box A; the front part of the box is made with flanges D to secure
the packing in its place; this packing is composed of sizing E and
india-rubber F, but leather may be employed. The picker H strikes
against the front packing which is made of sizing, and a taper hole G
is formed therein to receive any grease or oil that may be brought
up by the action of the picker H sliding on the spindle B. A guard I
is formed on the metal box A to prevent any grease or black oil spoiling
the fabric in the process of weaving.
Instead of the packing I can employ a steel spring J, Figures
9 and 10, which is fitted in the metal box A, and I can use the
buffer with packing without a guard. The picker H striking against
the front sizing is checked by the india-rubber, compressing and checking
or deadening the blow, and a similar action takes place by striking.
against the steel spring.
:
1 can use a buffer made of sizing, Figures 13 and 14; this buffer
can also be used fitted in the box A, and inside the sizing I place
india-rubber E, or I may use a steel spring, and I can use it without
the india-rubber or without the box A, the spring of the sizing Wacting
.as a check.
For checking the picker H I employ a spring K, Figures 1, 2, and 3,
fitted in the end L of the going part of the loom; this spring projects
towards the picker spindle B; the picker H after the shuttle is gone
strikes in the space between the spring and spindle, receiving a check;
and to regulate the amount of check required a stud M is fitted in an
opening made in the back part of the going part L of the loom, and
passes through a slot hole made in a spring N fitted to the back of the
going part. A set nut O and thumbscrew P are fitted between the
spring N to press more or less out the spring K, regulating the amount
of check. I can also employ a spiral spring fitted on the bolt M, or I
can employ two springs Q (drawn full size, Figures 11 and 12) fitted
in recesses R cast in a bracket S fastened to the inside of the going
part L by means of a stud or bolt which passes through an opening T
made in a boss U which is fitted in the end of the going part. The
picker H strikes between the springs Q receiving a check. The springs Q
may be made as shewn in dotted lines V.
Having thus described my improvements, and the best means I am
acquainted with for carrying the samo into effect, I would have it

page_text: understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details shewn
and described, and these may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of the Invention; but what I do claim is, the con-
struction and employment of buffers and checks fitted to the going part
of looms for the purpose of checking the picker after the shuttle is gone, t
doing away with check straps, and preventing grease or oil spots being
thrown on the fabrics in process of weaving, substantially as herein
described and represented by the annexed Drawing.
'In witness whereof, I, the said John Smith, have hereunto sct
my hand and scal, this Twenty-fifth day of February, in the 1
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
JOHN SMITH. (L.S.)