IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING THE LEAKAGE OF BARRELS, AND OF RENDERING PACKAGES AND FABRICS IMPERVIOUS TO AIR AND GASES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING THE LEAKAGE
OF BARRELS, AND OF RENDERING PACKAGES AND FABRICS IMPERVIOUS TO AIR
AND GASES."A communication from abroad by Lewis Francis and Cyrus
Loutrel, of the City of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 25th July 1865, and dated the 31st March 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st March 1865.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING
THE LEAKAGE OF BARRELS AND OF RENDERING PACKAGES AND FABRICS IMPERVIOUS
TO AIR AND GASES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the use of a composition prepared by the admixture
of glue and glycerine either with or without sugar, as a coating for the above
specified purposes. These substances may be combined in about the following
proportions, namely, glue, fifty pounds; glycerine, one hundred pounds; sugar,
twenty-five pounds. The glue having been first soaked in water and allowed to
standabout four hours, may then be incorporated with the glycerine by placing
[Price 8d.1

page_text: it in a steam or glue kettle and adding the glycerine and sugar thereto. The
whole is then to be heated for about forty minutes at about 200° Fahrenheit.
The composition is then ready for immediate use. For lining barrels which
are to contain petroleum the heated composition is poured into the barrel at the
bung hole. The bung is then driven in and the barrel is turned round so as to
bring the composition in contact with all parts of its inner surface, thus giving
to the same a perfectly flexible coating. The hot composition rarifies the air
in the barrel, and creates a pressure that forces the composition into the pores
of the wood, and through any imperfections that may exist in the wood or
joints of the barrel, and in the latter case the composition will show itself upon
the outside of the barrel. The thickness of the coating to be given the barrel
may be graduated by adding water to the composition.
For coating other articles than barrels, as boxes and other receptacles for
dry substances, the composition may be applied in any well known or approved
Other substances may be used in part or in whole for the gelatine
employed, as any of the gums, resins or bitumens, care being taken if any one
of the resins or bitumens is employed to have it dissolved in its proper solvent
before adding it to the other ingredient or ingredients. The resins or bitu-
mens may be used to form a second coating or may be combined with the
composition for the purpose of rendering the barrel or other article coated
waterproof, or the interior of the barrel or other article after being coated
with the composition may be washed with a strong solution of tannin for the
same purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office ou
the 30th September 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING THE LEAKAGE OF BARRELS AND
OF RENDERING PACKAGE AND FABRICS IMPERVIOUS TO AIR AND GASES," being a
communication to me from abroad,upon the condition(amongst others) that I,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement (that is to say):-
This Inventionrelates to the use of a composition prepared bythe admixture
of glue and glycerine either with or without sugar,as a coating for barrels and
fabrics. These substances maybe combined in about the following proportions,
namely, glue, fifty pounds; glycerine, one hundred pounds; sugar,twenty-five
pounds. The glue is first soaked in water for about five or ten minutes, the
water is then decanted, and the glue is allowed to stand about four hours in
order that it may readily incorporate with the glycerine,the glue is then placed
in a steamor glue kettle and heated,when the glycerine and sugarareadded, and
thewhole is to be heated for about fortyminutes at about two hundreddegrees
Fahrenheit. The composition is then ready for immediate use for coating porous
substances, as paper or woven fabrics, or it may be cast into sheets or cakes as
an article of commerce for future use, and when cast into sheets or cakes the
same areexposed to the air for several days in order that any water remaining
in the composition may be thoroughly evaporated, or a vacuum pan may be
employed for this purpose. For lining barrels which. are to contain petroleum
the composition is placed in a steam kettle and melted, and from three to four
gallons of the composition in the heated state are used for lining a fortygallon
barrel, the composition is poured into the buug hole of the barrel, and the
bung is then driven in, and the barrel is turned round so as to bring the com-
position in contact with all parts of its inner surface, thus giving to the same
a perfectly flexible coating. It is important that the barrel should be dry
at the time of applying the coating in order to insure the adherence of the

page_text: composition, and in the case of old barrels being lined they will require to be
well cleaned with benzine or alkaline solution,or some other suitable substance.
The hot composition rarifies the air in the barrel and creates a pressure that
forces the composition into the pores of thewood, and through anyimperfections
that may exist in the wood or joints of the barrel, and in the latter case the
composition will show itself upon the outside of the barrel, and when the
bung is removed from the barrel the hot composition is allowed to flow into
and fill up all the imperfections. This process must be performed quickly
before the composition has time to cool, or there will be too much composition
left in the barrel. The thickness of the coating to be given the barrel may
be graduated by adding water to the composition. The barrel will now be
found to have a perfectly flexible elastic coating that will never shrink or
crack by any degree of heat or cold which is not affected by any of the fluids
heretofore specified, and which will be found a perfect remedy for all imper-
fections in the barrel, or flaws in the wood, thus allowing the use of a cheaper
harrel as a common basket coated with the composition will hold petroleum
oils, benzine, naphtha, spirits of turpentine, varnishes, and other like fluids,
equally as well as a vessel of tin or copper, owing to the elastic nature of the
composition, barrels lined with it will not be affected by rough usage in trans-
portation or starting of the bungs, the barrel will also be kept clean on the
outside, and when inflammable oils or other volatile fluids are contained in
barrels thus coated, or in receptacles lined with the composition, the danger
from fire is decreased, and the rate of insurance may consequently be lessened.
The same instructions will answer for coating other articles than barrels, as
boxes and other receptacles for dry substances may be coated equally well.
It is not intended to limit the Invention to the exact formula laid down as
it may be varied without disadvantage. Thus, in some instances the sugar is
added simply to prevent decomposition, and may be omitted in many cases.
Other substances may be used in part or in whole for the gelatine employed,
as any of the gums, resins, or bitumens, care being taken if any one of the
resins or bitumensis employed to have it dissolved in its proper solvent before
adding it to the other ingredient or ingredients, other saccharine matter may
also be used in place of sugar. The resins or bitumens may be used to form
a second coating or may be combined with the composition for the purpose of
rendering the barrel or other article coated waterproof, or the interior of the
barrel or other article after being coated with the composition may be washed
with a strong solution of tannin for the same purpose.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improved Means
of Preventing the Leakage of Barrels and of Rendering Packages and Fabrics

page_text: Impervious to Air and Gases," I wish it to be understood that under the
above in part recited Letters Patent I claim the application of a composition
or compositions prepared as above described to barrels, packages, and fabrics
for the purposes above explained.
of
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of September, in the, year
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.