Improvements in and relating to Covers or Lids for Jugs, Tea-pots, and the like Receptacles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Covers or Lids for Jugs, Tea-pots,
and the like Receptacles.
JOHN SHAW GODDARD Broad Street Works, Hanley. Staffs., Earthenware
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This my invention has reference to an improved construction of covers or lids
for jugs, tea-pots and the like receptacles, and the object of my said invention is to
construct such lids so that they may be easily attached to or detached from such
receptacles when required, thus enabling such receptacles to be used with or
without a lid or cover, and the interior of such receptacles to be easily cleansed.
One mode of carrying my said invention into practice is by forming or making
such lids of or from earthenware, metal, glass or other suitable material or materials
of any suitable shape and size with an ear or lug on each of its sides turning
upwards at right angles or at about right angles to the main part or body of the
lid or cover, through each of which ears or lugs I form or bore a hole or aperture
of suitable shape and size in any suitable position, I then form a suitably shaped
flexible loop or handle of or from metal wire, or other suitable material or materials
of suitable size, each end of which loop or handle I bend or straighten a suitable
distance of its length from each of its ends so as to form a trunnion at each end
of the said handle, which trunnions when the handle is between the ears or lugs
pass through the hole or aperture formed in each of the turned up ears or lugs of
such covers or lids.
The receptacles to which such covers or lids are applicable are made in the
usual way, but have an aperture or hole of suitable shape and size formed in or
through each side of such receptacles a suitable distance downwards from the top
edge of each side, and to attach such covers or lids to such receptacles or utensils
as herein mentioned, I first take hold of the lid or cover by one or both hands and
insert one of the projecting trunnions of the flexible handle into or through one of
the holes formed in one side of the receptacle, I then compress the handle sideways
so as to permit the lid or cover to be placed or slipped into its proper position,
then relax the compression on the handle and permit the other trunnion to enter or
project into or through the hole or aperture in the opposite side or portion of the
utensil. A weight or weights of suitable shape, size and material or materials may
be attached or fixed to the underside of the back part of such covers if required
for the purpose of causing such covers or lids to maintain a horizontal or nearly
horizontal position when the receptacles to which such covers or lids are attached,
are tilted at an angle or when in their normal position.
Another mode of carrying my said invention into practice is by forming such
lids of or from earthenware, metal, glass, or other suitable material or materials of
any suitable shape and size, and forming in one with, or attaching to the top
surface of the lid and adjacent to each side of the lid a protuberance of suitable
shape and size, through each protuberance I form an aperture or hole of suitable
shape and size, and a slot or aperture of suitable shape and size through the lid or
cover extending a suitable distance inwards from each protuberance towards the
centre of the lid or cover. I then take a suitable length of flexible metal wire.or
other suitable material or materials of suitable shape and size, and by any suitable
means bend such wire or other flexible substance straight or nearly straight for
a suitable distance from each of its ends, and form a suitably shaped loop adjacent
thereto, which straightened ends and loops I pass through the slots fortned in the
id or cover from the underside of the cover to the top side, I then pass one of the
straightened ends of the flexible wire through the hole or aperture formed through

page_text: the protuberance on one side of the lid, and the other end of the wire through the
hole formed through the protuberance ou the opposite side of the lid, such
straightened ends projecting a suitable distance beyond such protuberances so as
to form trunnions on which such lid can vibrate, the loops formed on the flexible
wire or other substance when the said flexible wire is attached to a cover or lid
being vertical or nearly vertical to the top surface of the cover, the remaining part
of the flexible wire or other material being kept adjacent to the underside of the
cover, by means of a metallic loop or band soldered or otherwise attached or fixed
to the underside of such covers. A knob or projection of any suitable material or
materials, and of any suitable shape and size may be attached to, or fixed to the
top side or surface of such covers in any suitable position, and a weight or weights
of any suitable shape, size and material or materials may be attached or fixed to
the underside of the back part of such covers if required for the purpose of causing
such covers or lids to maintain a horizontal or nearly horizontal position when the
receptacles to which such covers or lids are attached are tilted at an angle, or when
in their normal position.
The receptacle to which such covers or lids are applicable are made in the usual
way, but have a hole or aperture of suitable shape and size formed in or through
each side of such receptacles, a suitable distance from the top edge of each side,
and to attach such covers or lids to such receptacles or utensils as herein mentioned
I first take hold of the lid or cover by one or both hands and insert one of the
projecting trunnions into or through the hole formed in one side of the receptacle,
then press or draw back sufficiently the other or opposite projecting trunnion by
means of the vertical projecting flexible loop so as to permit the lid or cover to be
placed or slipped into position, I then relax the pressure on the said loop and
permit the said trunnion to enter or project through the hole formed in the opposite
side or portion of the receptacle.
I do not restrict myself to the methods herein described of attaching covers or
lids to jugs, tea-pots and the like receptacles, the essential part of my said invention
being that of forming a hole or aperture of any suitable shape and size in or
through opposite sides of, and a suitable distance downwards from the top edge
of each side of such receptacles as herein mentioned, and the adaptation thereto
of detachable lids or covers having a trunnion projecting beyond each of its opposite
sides.
Dated this 17th day of February 1899
JOHN NEWTON,
Longport, Staffs., Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Covers or Lids for Jugs, Tea-pots,
and the like Receptacles.
I, JOHN SHAW GODDARD, Broad Street Works, Hanley, Staffs., Earthenware
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to an improved construction of covers or lids for
jugs, tea-pots and the like receptacles, the object of my said invention being to
construct such lids so that they may be easily attached to, or detached from such
receptacles when required, thus enabling such receptacles to be used with or
without a lid or cover, and the interior of such receptacles to be easily cleaned.
One way of carrying my said invention into practice is by forming or making
such lids by any suitable means of or from earthenware, metal, glass or other
suitable material or materials of suitable shape and size so as to conform with the
part of the receptacle it is designed to cover, and I make such lids with an ear or
projection on each side of its top surface diametrically opposite each other, each

page_text: car or projection turning upwards at right angles or at about right angles to the
top surface of the lid or cover, through each of which ears or lugs I bore or form a
hole or aperture by any convenient means and of any suitable shape and size, I
then by any suitable means make a suitably shaped flexible loop or handle of or
from metallic wire or other suitable material or materials, each end of which handle
I bend or straighten a suitable distance of its length from each of its ends so as to
form a trunnion at each end of the handle, which trunnions when such handle is
between the ears or projections on the top side of the cover, pass through the holes
or apertures formed through the turned up ears or projections of such covers or
lids. The receptacles to which such covers or lids are applicable are made in the
usual way, and I form an aperture or hole of suitable shape and size in or through
each side of such receptacles diametrically opposite each other and a suitable
distance downwards from the top edge of each side.
To attach such covers or lids to such receptacles or utensils as herein mentioned,
I first take hold of the lid or cover by one or both hands, and insert one of the
projecting trunnions of the flexible handle into and through one of the holes formed
in one side of the receptacle, I then compress the opposite side of the handle so as
to permit of the lid or cover being placed or slipped into its proper position, I
then relax the compression on the handle and permit the other trunnion to enter
or project into and through the hole or aperture in the opposite side or portion of
the utensil.
Another way of carrying my said invention into practice is by forming such lids
of or from earthenware, metal, glass or other suitable material or materials of any
suitable shape and size, and forming in one with, or attaching to the top surface
of the lid diametrically opposite each other, and adjacent to the outer edge of the
lid a bearing or projection of suitable material shape and size, through each of
which projections I form a hole of suitable shape, I also form a slot or aperture of
suitable shape and size through the lid or cover extending a suitable distance from
each projection towards the centre of the lid or cover.
I then take a suitable length of flexible metal wire or other suitable material or
materials of suitable shape and size, and by any suitable means I bend such wire
or other flexible material straight or nearly straight for a suitable distance from
each of its ends, and form a suitably shaped loop adjacent thereto, one of the said
straightened ends and loops I pass through one of the slots formed in one side of
the lid or cover, from the underside of the cover to the top side, and the other
straightened end and loop through the other slot in the lid or cover, from the under-
side of the said cover to the top side, I then pass one of the straightened ends of
the flexible material through the hole or aperture formed through the projection on
one side of the top side of the lid, and the other end of the bent flexible material
through the hole formed through the opposite projection, such straightened ends
projecting a suitable distance beyond such projections so as to form trunnions on
which such lids can vibrate, when the said flexible material is attached to a cover
or lid, the loops formed on the said flexible length of material will be vertical or
nearly vertical to the top surface of the cover, the remaining part of the flexible
wire or other material being kept adjacent to the underside of the cover by means
of a suitably shaped metallic loop or band soldered or otherwise attached or fixed
at its ends to the underside of such covers. A knob or projection of any suitable
material or materials, and of any suitable shape and size may be attached or fixed
to the top side or surface of such covers in any suitable position, a weight or
weights of any suitable shape, size and material or materials may be attached or
fixed to the underside of the back part of such covers if required for the purpose
of causing such covers or lids to maintain a horizontal or nearly horizontal position
when the receptacles to which such covers are attached are tilted at an angle or
when in their normal position.
As herein before stated the receptacles to which such covers or lids are applicable
are made in the usual manner; but I form two holes or apertures through the
sides of such receptacles, that is one hole through each side diametrically opposite

page_text: each other, and a suitable distance downwards from the top edge of each side. To
attach such covers or lids to such receptacles as herein mentioned, I first take hold
of the lid or cover by one or both hands, and insert one of the trunnions into the
hole on one side of the receptacle, I then press or force back the trunnion on the
other side of the lid by means of the vertical flexible loop, so as to permit the lid
or cover to be placed or slipped into position, I then relax the pressure on the said
loop and permit the other trunnion to enter or project through the hole formed
through the opposite side of the receptacle.
In order that my said invention may be more readily understood and explained
in detail I have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings shewing one way of carrying
my invention into practice, and on which drawings letters of reference are marked
on corresponding parts on all the figures alike.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a flat cover or lid, made according to one part
of my invention, with projections or bearings diametrically opposite each other on
its top surface.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a metallic wire handle for use in connection
with lids similar to that shewn at Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the top portion of a jug, and the manner of
connecting my improved lids to such utensils or receptacles.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the top portion of a jug in a tilted position,
with a lid made according to one part of my invention, fitted or connected thereto.
In these figures a is the main portion of a flat lid or cover, on the top surface
of which I have shewn two projections or bearings 6, 62 cast on or formed in one
with the said lid, or soldered thereto diametrically opposite each other, a hole
being drilled or otherwise formed through each of the said projections, so that the
short straight lengths or trunnions c, c² of the metallic wire handle shewn at Figure 2
may be easily attached to such covers or detached therefrom.
Such metallic wire handles being attached to such covers by first placing one of
the trunnions of the said handle as shewn at Figure 2 into one of the bearings
or projections on the top surface of the cover, then by compressing the opposite
side of the flexible handle by pressing on one of the loops formed on the said
handle in a manner similar to that shewn at Figure 3, the opposite trunnion
say c² can then be readily placed into the opposite bearing, the said loops d, d²
when the handle is connected to such covers bearing or pressing against the
inner ends of the bearings b, 62, and when the jug is being carried by such wire
handle the said loops bear or press upon the top of the lid or cover.
When a jug or similar receptacle fitted with a similar lid or cover to that
illustrated is tilted forward the lid assumes a horizontal or nearly horizontal
position, similar to that illustrated at Figure 4, the lid also assumes a simi.ar
position when the jug is in an upright state.
Such improved lids will not fall off or become detached from the receptacles
to which they are attached, even if the receptacles are turned upside down, and
I find that there is considerably less breakage with receptacles made with a
hole through each of its sides diametrically opposite each other, and a short
distance downwards from the top edge of each side during the process of manu-
facture, or while being carried from place to place with other jugs or articles,
than with receptacles formed with slots in each edge of their top sides, and if
such slots are carelessly made, the covers when such receptacles are tilted forward
will become detached therefrom or fall off.
Another way of carrying my invention into practice is by first forming the main
portion of the lids or covers of such receptacles by any suitable means, of any
suitable shape and size, and of or from earthenware, glass, cast metal, sheet metal
or other suitable material or materials, and attaching or fixing to one side of such
lids by soldering, rivetting or other suitable means a short straight length of wire

page_text: or other suitable material so as to form a trunnion, diametrically opposite to such
trunnion on the upper surface of the lid and adjacent to its outer edge I attach,
form, fasten or fix a suitably shaped projection, through which projection I form or
bore a hole of any suitable shape and size so as to form a bearing, I then take a
suitable length of metallic wire or other suitable flexible material and make the
said wire straight for a suitable distance of its length from one of its ends so
forming a trunnion, adjacent to the said short straight part of the wire 1 form a
loop or similar bend or twist in such wire similar to d, d² shewn on the drawings
hereunto annexed, the other end of the wire may be attached to the top surface of
the lid by a screw, rivet, solder or other suitable means, or the longer portion of
the wire may be attached or fixed to the underside of the cover by any suitable
means, the loop and trunnion at its outer end being passed from the underside of
such covers to the top side through a slot formed in such covers adjacent to the
bearing on its top surface, and extending from such bearing a suitable distance
towards the centre of such covers, the mode of attaching such covers to receptacles
having a suitably shaped hole formed through each of its sides diametrically
opposite each other, and a short distance downwards from the top edge of each side,
is similar to that before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
ist. The construction of jugs made of or from earthenware, china, glass, metal
or other suitable material or materials with a hole through each side of such
receptacles diametrically opposite each other and a suitable distance downwards
from the top edges of such receptacles for the purpose as herein substantially
described set forth and illustrated on the drawings hereunto annexed.
2nd. The construction of detachable lids or covers of or from earthenware,
china, glass, metal or other suitable material or materials, so as to slackly fit within
the top of such receptacles, each lid having an ear or lug at each of its sides and a
hole formed through each ear diametrically opposite each other, which lugs are
turned up at right angles or at about right angles to the lid or cover, the said ears
or lugs being made in one with, or separate from the lid and attached thereto by
any suitable means, the said covers having a suitably shaped metallic wire or other
flexible handle, circular or other suitable shape in cross-section, each end of which
handles are straight for a suitable portion of their length from each of their ends
so as to form a trunnion at each end of such handles, a suitably shaped loop being
formed adjacent to the outer end of the wire or other flexible material, a suitably
shaped knob or projection being formed on or fitted to the top side of such lids,
and one or more metallic or other suitable weights attached to the underside of the
back or hind part of such lids if required for balancing such lids when fitted or
attached to such jugs as described in Claim 1, the said covers or lids being attached
to, or detached from such improved jugs in the manner as herein substantially
described and set forth.
3rd. The construction of detachable lids or covers a for jugs of or from earthen-
ware, china, glass, metal or other suitable material or materials so as to fit slackly
within the top end of such jugs as described in Claim 1, each lid having a suitably
shaped projection at each of its sides, which projections may be made in one with,
or separately from the lid and attached thereto by any suitable means, each
projection having a suitably shaped hole formed through same diametrically
opposite each other so as to form bearings similar to b, 62, a suitably shaped metallic
wire or other flexible material of a circular or other suitable shape in cross-section
being attached to such lids so as to form a handle, each end of which handles are
made straight for a suitable portion of their length from each of their ends so as
to form trunnions similar to c, c², and loops or twists similar to d, d² a suitably
shaped knob or projection being formed on or fitted to the top side of such lids,
and one or more metallic or other weights attached to the underside of the back or

page_text: hind part of such lids if required for balancing such lids when fitted or attached to
such jugs as described in Claim 1, the said lids or covers being attached to, or
detached from such improved jugs in a similar manner to that herein substantially
described set forth and illustrated on the drawings hereunto annexed.
4th. The construction of detachable lids or covers for jugs of or from earthen-
ware, china, glass, metal or other suitable material or materials so as to fit slackly
within the top end of such jugs, each lid having a suitably shaped projection at
each of its sides, with a hole formed through each projection diametrically opposite
each other so as to form bearings, which projections may be made in one with, or
separately from the lid and attached thereto by any suitable means, a slot or
aperture being made through each side of such lids or covers extending a suitable
distance from each projection towards the centre of the lid, a suitably shaped
metallic wire or other flexible material of any suitable cross section being attached
or connected to the underside of the lid by any suitable means, the loops on which
project vertically or nearly vertically through the aforementioned slots in the
cover, the straightened ends or trunnions projecting through the bearings, a
suitably shaped knob being formed on or attached to the top side of the cover, and
one or more metallic or other weights may be attached to the underside of the
back or hind part of such lids if required for balancing such lids when fitted or
attached to such jugs as described in Claim 1, the said lids or covers being attached
to, or detached from such jugs in a similar manner to that herein substantially
described and set forth.
5th. The construction of detachable lids or covers of or from earthenware, china,
glass, metal or other suitable material or materials so as to fit slackly within the
top end of such jugs, each lid having a suitably shaped projection on the upper
surface of the lid at one of its sides, with a hole formed through same so as to form
a bearing, the opposite side of the lid having a trunnion of suitable material, shape
and size formed on, or attached thereto by any suitable means, a suitably shaped
length of wire or other flexible material being attached by any suitable means to a
knob or other suitable part of the top surface of the cover, a suitably shaped loop
or twist being formed adjacent to the outer end of the wire or other flexible
material, which outer end for a suitable distance of its length is straightened so as
to form a trunnion, oue or more suitably shaped metallic weights may be attached
to the underside of the back or hind part of such lids if required for balancing
such lids when fitted or attached to such jugs as described in Claim 1, the said lids
or covers being attached to, or detached from such jugs in a similar manner to thai
herein substantially described and set forth.
6th. The construction and combination with such improved jugs as described
in Claim 1, of any one of the improved detachable covers or lids as herein
substantially described and set forth.
1000
JOHN NEWTON,
Longport, Staffs., Agent for. Applicant.