Improvements in Forging Presses.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 10th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 16th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Forging Presses.
I, ANDREW BETTS BROWN, of Rosebank Iron Works, Edinburgh in the County
of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of forging
presses, so as to facilitate their use and economise power.
In carrying out my invention I fix a massive inverted cylinder at the upper
part of a suitable framing, its ram working downwards through a stuffing box
and having the forging head or block fixed to its lower end. The external
diameter of the ram is slightly less than the internal diameter of the cylinder,
and a piston is fixed at its upper end. The annular space thus formed is in
constant communication with an accumulator loaded to a pressure which is low
as compared with what may be termed the forging pressure applied to the top
of the ram and piston, the pressure in the annular space serving to raise the
ram after each downward movement. The top of the cylinder communicates by
a connecting pipe, large enough to allow of quick action, with a small hydraulic
cylinder which has working in it a ram of small diameter connected to a piston
of large diameter working in a steam cylinder. The connecting pipe has com-
municating with it two pipes fitted with stop valves and one of these communi-
cates with the pipe from the accumulator hereinbefore mentioned, the other
being a discharge pipe.
In working the apparatus the main ram is adjusted at a suitable height above the
mass of metal to be forged by opening either the valve of the communicating pipe
or that of the discharge pipe; and then. the steam piston being at the top of its
cylinder steam is admitted and exhausted by a suitable valve worked by a hand
lever or automatically, and, acting through the ram and small hydraulic cylinder,
causes the main ram to operate with largely increased force. There are no valves
in the communicating pipe between the small and the main hydraulic cylinders, and
difficulties in connection with valves subjected to high pressures are thereby
avoided.
Dated this Fifteenth day of July 1890.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Forging Presses.
I, ANDREW BETTS BROWN, of Rosebank Iron Works, Edinburgh, in the County
of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of forging
presses, so as to facilitate their use and economise power.
In carrying out my invention I employ hydraulic pressure partly supplied by
means of an accumulator operating with relatively moderate pressure, and partly
supplied from a cylinder of small area and having working in it a ram actuated
by a large piston acted on by steam. In working the apparatus the main
forging ram is adjusted at a suitable height above the mass of metal to be forged,
[ Prics 8d1

page_text: by opening a valve to admit water from the accumulator, or by opening a discharge
valve; and then the steam piston being at the top of its cylinder, steam is admitted
and exhausted by a suitable valve worked by a hand lever or automatically, and
acting through the ram and small hydraulic cylinder, causes the main ram to operate
with largely increased force. There are no valves in the communicating pipe
between the small and the main hydraulic cylinder, and difficulties in connection
with valves subjected to high pressure are thereby avoided.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings
to be hereinafter referred to and representing a forging press as made with my
improvements.
Figure, 1, on the sheet of drawings is a plan and Figure, 2, is a sectional
elevation of the apparatus.
A massive inverted hydraulic cylinder, A, is fixed at the upper part or entabla-
ture, B, of a suitable framing on the lower part, C, of which is the anvil, D. The
ram, E, of the cylinder, A, works downwards through a stuffing box and has the
forging head or block, F, fixed at its lower end. The external diameter of
the ram, E, is slightly less than the internal diameter of the cylinder, A, and a
piston, G, is fixed at its upper end. The annular space thus formed is in constant
communication by a pipe, S, with an accumulator loaded to a pressure which is low
as compared with what may be termed the forging pressure applied to the top of
the ram, E, and piston, G, the pressure in the annular space under the piston serving
to raise the ram after each downward movement. The top of the cylinder, A,
communicates by a connecting pipe, H, large enough to allow of quick action, with
a small hydraulic cylinder, J, which has working in it a ram, K, of small diameter,
connected to a piston, L, of large diameter working in a steam cylinder, M. The
connecting pipe, H, has communicating with it two pipes, N, P, fitted with stop
valves, Q, R, and one, N, of these communicates with the pipe, S, from the accumu
lator hereinbefore mentioned, the other, P, being a discharge pipe.
Steam is admitted into and exhausted from the upper end of the steam
cylinder, M, by means of a valve in a casing, T, the valve rod, U, of which
can be moved by means of a hand lever, V. The valve rod, U, has also
connected to it by a swivel coupling, W, a screwed rod, X, the lower end
of which is square and extends through a sleeve carried by a bracket, Y, and
having on it a bevil wheel gearing with a bevil wheel on a short hand wheel
shaft, Z, carried by the same bracket. An internally screwed stop, 3, is
fitted on the screwed rod, X, and is guided and prevented from turning by a small
rod, 4. On the piston rod or ram, K, there is fixed an arm, 5, made with an eye at
its outer end encircling the screwed rod, X, and when the rod, K, descends the
arm, 5, strikes the stop, 3, and by moving downwards the rods, X, and, U, reverses
the valve in the casing, T. When the rod, K, reascends the arm, 5, strikes the
coupling, W, and moves the valve up again. By means of the handwheel shaft, Z,
the screwed rod, X, can be turned so as to adjust the stop, 3, upwards or down-
wards and thereby shorten or lengthen the effective stroke of the steam piston, L.
With the arm, 5, screwed rod, X, and stop, 3, the reversing of the steam valve
will be automatic.
The valve rod, U, does not directly move the main valve in the casing, T,
the main valve being a steam-moved valve, of a kind used with direct-acting
steam pumps, and the rod, U, moving a small valve controlling the action of
the steam on the main valve.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The combination of parts constituting as a whole the improved forging
press substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. Having the main hydraulic cylinder of a forging press connected to an

page_text: accumulator and to a discharge pipe for adjusting the highest position of the
main ram, in combination with a valveless connection between the main cylinder
and an hydraulic cylinder in which works a small ram moved by a piston in
a steam cylinder substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this Ninth day of April 1891.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.