Trougn aging for Gardens and rats.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 22nd May, 1897
Trougn aging for Gardens and rats.
I, FREDERICK WHEELER of Kew Kiln Tilehurst near Reading in the County
of Berkshire, Brick and Tile Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in appliances for forming divisions
boundaries and kerbs for and between lawns garden plots beds and paths and
consists in using for such purposes tiles or castings of suitable length having the
upper part of each tile or casting made of trough or channel form with suitable
holes therein to serve as inlets outlets and passages for drainage and other
purposes and the lower part thereof extending and projecting downwards from
such trough or channel for the purpose of setting and fixing the same into the
ground so that when set in place any two or more tiles or castings may constitute
and afford a continuous trough or channel wherein mold soil and manures may be
deposited and contained; and whereby seeds and plants may be developed and
grown under more favourable conditions than heretofore; and my invention
further consists in so forming and making such tiles or castings that the same
shall be the better fixed and maintained in proper allignment one with another.
The tiles or castings may be of pottery earthenware iron or other suitable
material.
In the drawings herewith like letters of reference indicate similar parts in the
several views.
Figs. 1 and 2 are cross sections through the trough edging adapted more
particularly for manufacture in pottery or earthenware.
Figs. 3 and 4 are cross sections and Figs. 5 and 6 are plans thereof adapted
more particularly for manufacture in cast iron.
The upper part A of each_tile or casting is made of trough or channel form
and with holes or passages B situated in any suitable positions, and the lower
part C extends and projects downwards from the trough or channel A.
In Figs. 1, 2 and 4 a groove or recess is shewn at D which groove or recess is
continuous throughout the length of the tiles or castings so that when the tiles or
castings are placed in the ground and in their proper positions in line and level
and with their ends abutting upon each other, laths or bars of wood hoop iron or
other suitable material and of any suitable lengths may be placed within such
grooves or recesses so as to form a bond or dowelled connection between the tiles
or castings at their several joints one with another and thus fix and maintain them
in proper allignment.
In Fig. 5, which represents a plan at and about the abutting ends of two
adjacent lengths or pieces of the trough edging placed in their proper positions
relatively to each other, a projection is shewn at E on one such piece entering and
approximately fitting into a recess F in the other such piece, so that when such
pieces or lengths or any number of them are so placed and set in the ground they
shall be maintained in proper allignment one with another.
As an alternative to the last described method of maintaining the proper
allignment of the several lengths or pieces of trough edging I sometimes prefer to
make a recess in each of the two abutting ends as shewn at G, Fig. 6, such

page_text: recesses corresponding with each other so that a stake peg or spike may be driven
into the ground within the space or gap thus provided, such stake peg or spike
being formed at and about its upper part to fit approximately such space.
In order to prevent or lessen the risk of injury to the trough edging when used
as a border to paths or in positions abutting on places where it is usual to roll the
surface of the ground, I prefer in some cases, and especially when the troughs or
channels are of pottery or earthenware, to form the side or face which may be
exposed to such risk with a greater thickness and lateral projection at and about
its lower part as shewn at H, Fig. 1: or otherwise to incline or curve such side or
face as shewn at J, Fig. 2 so that any accidental contact or impact of a roller
with the same shall occur at a part of the same stronger and better suited for and
capable of resisting and withstanding such accidental contacts and impacts than
the upper parts thereof and so that the upper parts thereof shall be the better
guarded and protected from injury.
And further in order to prevent or lessen the aforesaid risk of injury I prefer
in some cases and especially when the troughs or channels are of cast iron to
connect the two sides of the trough or channel at or near the upper part thereof
by means of stays or braces as shewn at K, Fig. 3, there being two or more..such
stays or braces in each piece of trough edging according to the length thereof.
The lower parts or webs C of the tiles or castings which project and extend
downwards from the trough or channel A may have holes therein as indicated
at L Fig. 3 and such webs may be stiffened by brackets M at suitable intervals.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and by what means the same is to be performed, I declare, that what I
claim is:
-
1. Trough edging for gardens and paths substantially as herein set forth.
2. Tiles or castings having their upper parts made of trough or channel form
with holes therein and their lower parts extending downwards from such trough
or channel as and for the purpose herein set forth.
3. In trough edging for gardens and paths the groove or recess shewn at D in
Figs. 1, 2 and 4 as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Dated this Seventeenth day of April 1897.
FREDERICK WHEELER.