A METHOD OF EXTRACTING AND MAKING FROM THE TAILS AND FINNS OF WHALES. AND FROM SUCH SEDIMENT TRASH AND UNDISSOLVED PEICES OF THE FISH AS WERE USUALLY THROWN AWAY AS USELESS AND OF LITTLE OR NO VALUE BY THE MAKERS OP TRAIN OIL, APTER THE BOILING OF THE BLUBBER OF SUCH FISH, A SORT OF BLACK TRAIN OIL, AND AFTERWARDS OF MAKING FROM THE REMAINS OF SUCH TAILS, FINNS, SEDIMENTS, & UNDISSOLVED PEICES A KIND OF GLUE CALLED FISH GLUE. INFERIOUR TO THE GLUE MADE IN ENGLAND FROM THE CUTTINGS OF LEATHER
Year: 1754

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
ZOMER, Merchant, a Native of Zaandam, in Holland, now resident in the
City of London, send greeting.
grace of
WHEREAS His most Sacred Majesty George the Second, by the
God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, & so
forth, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twenty-third day of May, in the twenty-seventh
year of His reign, reciting that I, the said Peter Zomer, had, by Petition,
humbly represented to His Majesty that I had found out and invented
"A METHOD OF EXTRACTING AND MAKING FROM THE TAILS AND FINNS OF WHALES.
AND FROM SUCH SEDIMENT TRASH AND UNDISSOLVED PEICES OF THE FISH AS WERE
USUALLY THROWN AWAY AS USELESS AND OF LITTLE OR NO VALUE BY THE MAKERS
OP TRAIN OIL, APTER THE BOILING OF THE BLUBBER OF SUCH FISH, A SORT OF
BLACK TRAIN OIL, AND AFTERWARDS OF MAKING FROM THE REMAINS OF SUCH
TAILS, FINNS, SEDIMENTS, & UNDISSOLVED PEICES A KIND OF GLUE CALLED FISH
GLUE. INFERIOUR TO THE GLUE MADE IN ENGLAND FROM THE CUTTINGS OF
LEATHER;" and that the said method of making black train oil and fish glue
as aforesaid was intirely a new Invention with respect to England, and never
was made use of in any part of His said Majestic's Kingdom; and that I, the
said Petitioner, was willing and desireous of setting up and establishing the said
manufactory in Great Britain, and prayed is said Majesty to grant to me,

page_text: my executors, admors, and assigns, His Royal Letters Patent for the sole
use and benefit of the said manufacture for the term of fourteen years, accord-
ing to the Statute in that case made & provided, did, of His especial grace,
certain knowledge, and meer motion, give and grant unto me, the said Peter
Zomer, my executors, adñiors, and assigns, His said Majesty's especial licence,
full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said Peter Zomer, my
executors, admors, & assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves.
and by my and their deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such others as
I, the said Peter Zomer, my executors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the said term of years, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend my said Invention within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great
Britain called England, Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, in such manner as to me, the said Peter Zomer, my executors,
adñiors, & assigns, or any of them, should seem meet; and that I, the said
Peter Zomer, my executors, adñiors, & assigns, should and lawfully might
have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from
time to time coming, growing, accrewing, and ariseing by reason of the said
Invention, for and during the said term of years therein mentioned, to have,
hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages
therein granted or mentioned to be granted unto me, the said Peter Zomer,
my executors, adiñors, & assigns, for and during and to the full end and term
of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent: And whereas, in
the said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if I, the said Peter
Zomer, should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and scal, and cause the same to be inrolled in
His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calender months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the same
Letters Patent and all libertys and advantages thereby granted should utterly
cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said recited Letters
Patent (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Zomer, in pursuance of the
said Letters Patent and of the said proviso therein contained, do, by this my
Instrument in writing under my hand and seale, describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, viz:-
First, as to the making the black train oyl.-Take the sediment trash and
undissolved blubber and peices of whales which remain in the boilers and

page_text: coolers used by the persons concerned in the Greenland trade for making train
oyl, after they have made and taken their oyl therefrom, and put them all
together in a boiler and boil them for about two hours, and then let the
same stand for one night, and if any train oyl swims thercon take it off';
afterwards the water which is mixed with this sediment and seperates there-
from by boiling must be pumped from the bottom, and then wood sawdust
must be put to the remaining sediment, and that mixture of sediment and saw-
dust put into bags which are to be put into a press like a gutter, over which
is laid a wooden grate, and the same being pressed by a piñching stick with
heavy weights the black train oyl drains from thence.
As to the making the fish glue, put the undissolved blubber and peices
of the fish, after they have been boiled for train oyl by the Greenland
traders, upon boards in a cold place or into small casks till they are
perfectly cold and run together in one body; after which, cut or chop
the same into small peices of about two inches square and put the same
into a trough made with a grate at the bottom, which must be then shut
and the trough filled with water, in which these small peices must lye about
twenty-four hours in order to soak, after which the water is let off
at the bottom through the grate, and these peices are put into a boiler,
on the bottom whereof is laid first a wooden bottom with holes in it, over that
a row of laths, and over them a covering of straw, and upon that a second
row of laths, which must be fixed so as to prevent their swimming, and upon
this the peices are laid; to this put in some water (the quantity of which
must be regulated according to the quality of the peices and as the weather
proves, and boil the peices and water together for two or three hours, and (in
case any of this glue has been made before) then put in the sediment which
remained of the former makings, and let it stand for about an hour to settle
and sink; then draw off from the cock at the bottom of the boiler, under the
laths, as much of the glue water as will drain therefrom, and afterwards the
dross and sediment remaining in the boiler may be put into a press with holes
in order to press out the remainder of the glue water. This glue water must
be strained through a hair seive to clear it and then stand for a night in order
to grow
cold and stiff, when it must be cut in peices as large and thick as the
maker chuses, and placed upon nets for seven or eight days to dry and harden,
when it is finished, and may be sorted and packed up for sale. When the tailes
or finns of the whales can be procured whole, or as they come from Greenland
packed up in casks, the process is as follows, viz:-Cut them into pieces of
two or three inches and put them into a boiler of boiling water, and when the
said peices are sufficiently boiled and the train oyl which swims at the top

page_text: thereof is taken off, the remaining sediment and peices are managed in the
manner above mentioned, and the cake which remains after the oyl and glue
are made is good fewell to burn under the coppers or for dung for land.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Zomer, have to this present
Instrument set my hand and seal, this Third day of September, in the
twenty-eighth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord King George
the Second, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred
and fifty-four.
Inrolled the Fifth day of September, in the year above written.