Improvements in and in Connection with Obtaining Rotary Move- ment from Pendulous, Rocking, or Reciprocating Movements, and, Apparatus Employed therefor.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 4th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 5th Jan., 1887
Improvements in and in Connection with Obtaining Rotary Move-
ment from Pendulous, Rocking, or Reciprocating Movements, and,
Apparatus Employed therefor.
I, JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS, of No. 68 Bridge Street, Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention.
to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to provide a means for obtaining rotary movement
from pendulous, rocking, or reciprocating movement, without the use of cranks, or like
appliances in which the movement and power varies through passing over dead
centres.
To the above end my Invention consists as follows. In a suitable framework and
hung on trunnions working in bearings, I mount a platform, or deck, the under part
of which deck is provided with a pendulum preferably of forked construction which is
provided with steps, or provisions by which the pendulum can be loaded or weighted
as required by placing weights thereon. The upper portion, or the sides of the platform
are provided with vertical fixed standards, having guides therein. Pivotted in the
framework and on the same vertical centre line as the trunnions, I provide on each side
two rods, or bars placed at an angle of about 90° from each other. These bars are
provided with balance weights and are connected by links to the vertical standards on
the platform their ends being free to work in the guides in the standards, so that as
the platform or deck is rocked a rocking reciprocating movement is given to the
diagonal bars or rods, the speed of the apparatus depending on the length of these
bars. The outer ends of these diagonal bars, or rods are provided with hinged clutches
or a series of hinged clutches. On the framework and on the same vertical centre line
as the centre of the pendulum and the centre of the rocking bars, I provide a shaft,
the horizontal centre line of which lies laterally to the platform. This shaft is provided
with a series of U grooved or other pulleys. On the framework and at each end of
the deck and at about the same level as the deck, I provide a series of rods pivotted
at or near their centres on horizontal shafts and corresponding in number to the
number of pulleys or barrels on the main shaft. The lower ends of these rods are
weighted, or controlled by springs and the upper ends carry U grooved or other

page_text: pulleys corresponding with the pulleys on the main shaft. Each of these pulleys is
provided with an endless cord, or band which passes round them and round the corre
sponding pulley on the main shaft and one, or more times round the pulleys. These
endless cords, or bands and pulleys are so positioned that the clutches before mentioned
on the rocking bars will clutch one part of each cord, or band on the downward swing
of the rocking bar and release the cord, or band on the upper swing of the rocking
bar. The clutches on one side of the apparatus being arranged to gear with the upper
part of their endless cord or band and the clutches on the other side of the apparatus
being arranged to gear with the under part of their endless cord or band, guides being
provided to keep the endless cords or bands in position. Thus as the platform is rocked
the clutches on the two sides of the apparatus alternately gear with and pull the endless
cords, or bands and impart an even continuous rotary movement to the main shaft
through its pulleys or barrels. To regulate the action of the apparatus, the main shaft
may be provided with a fly wheel and ball or other governors may be provided on the
platform or deck.
The rocking platform or deck may receive its rocking motion from any convenient
motor, namely it can be rocked by the action of steam, gas, hydraulic, pneumatic or
electric motors, or by manual or animal power. The motion may be imparted direct
to the deck and the pendulum may be dispensed with, or the motion may be applied
to the pendulum, or to the combined deck and pendulum. As another means of
operating the apparatus the platform or deck may be provided with bent arms on each
side, one end of each arm being connected to the deck and the other to a float working
in a vessel containing liquid. The several vessels being interconnected and also
connected to a supply cistern so that as the levels of the liquid on either side of the
apparatus rise and fall by their filling and emptying a rocking motion is imparted to
the platform and thus works the apparatus.

page_text: Improvements in and in Connection with Obtaining Rotary Move-
ment from Pendulous, Rocking, or Reciprocating Movements, and
Apparatus Employed therefor.
I JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS of No. 68 Bridge Street, Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to provide a means for obtaining rotary movement
from pendulous, rocking, or reciprocating movement without the use of cranks, or like
appliances in which the movement and power varies through passing over dead centres.
The following is a description of my Invention in such full, clear and distinct
language as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it belongs to put the same
into practice reference being had to the annexed sheets of Drawings and to the letters
and figures of reference marked thereon, the same letters and figures of reference
being used to denote the same, or corresponding parts throughout the Drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a perspective view being a diagram illustrative of an apparatus according
to my Invention, in its simplest form.
Figure 2 is an elevation partly in section of a pulley clutch or grip device which
I prefer to use in carrying out my Invention.
Figure 3 is a side view of the device shown at Figure 2 with the pawl cover
removed.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of an apparatus constructed according to my Invention
to be worked by manual power.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of an apparatus constructed according to my Invention
to be worked by a steam engine or like power.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a inodified form of apparatus according to my
Invention.
Figure 7 shows a portion of a driving pulley which I prefer to use in connection
with my Invention when using wire rope.
My Invention consists in obtaining rotary movement from reciprocating movement
by means of an endless rope, one end of which has several turns round a pulley on the
shaft to be driven and the other end of which passes round a tension pulley, the
reciprocating movement, being applied by a gripping device which slips on the rope for
the forward stroke and grips and pulls the rope for the backward stroke, such action
rotating the pulley to be driven. In Figure 1 there is shown in diagram a simple form
of an apparatus according to my Invention. a is the endless rope, one end of which
has several turns round the pulley b on the shaft c to be driven. The other end of the
rope a passes round the tension pulley d which is carried on the weighted lever e
fulcrumed at fy is the gripping device which consists preferably of a pulley gl
mounted loosely on a shaft h with toothed, or notched edges. On the side of the
pulley g' there are four lever pawls i fulcruined on and carried by pins so that the

page_text: i
pulley g' is free to turn one way on the shaft h but is prevented from turning the other
way by reason of the pawls i taking into the teeth, or notches h¹ of the shaft h. The
pawls are kept in position by a rubber, or other spring and are covered by a box
collar h² on the shaft h between which collar h and the collar h³ the pulley y' runs.
The endless rope a has two or more turns round the pulley g¹ the construction of which
is shown in Figures 2 and 3. The shaft h of the gripping device 7 is connected to any
suitable pendulous, rocking, or reciprocating motor, on the forward movement of which
the device g slips on the rope a by reason of its being free to turn on the shaft h. On
the backward movement the device g grips the rope a and takes it with it through the
device y being prevented from turning on the shaft h by reason of the pawls i engaging
with the notches on the shaft h. This movement of the rope a imparts rotary
movement to the pulley b and the shaft c to be driven.
I
In the carrying out of my Invention, the rope a pulley gripping device g and
tension pulley d may be multiplied as desired and to obtain continuous effort some of
the ropes a lead to the right and some to the left. In this case the gripping devices g
are arranged on reverse leads of their respective ropes a for example one gripping
device y may take the upper lead of the rope a as shown at Figure 1 and the rope a¹
leading in the opposite direction would have its gripping device on its under lead.
Thus continuous rotary movement is imparted to the pulley b in one direction.
l
The
In Figure 4 there is shown a manual apparatus made up of the elements above set
forth. K is a platform deck, or footboard, carried by the pendulum 1 oscillating on a
shaft carried by the framework m. the pendulum being loaded, or weighted as
required. Connected to the pendulum and on each side there are two bars n set at
an angle of about 90° from each other, the bars n on one side being connected together
by a quadrant o. The main shaft c, carrying the pulleys b, which are two in number,
and the fly wheel c¹, runs in bearings on the frane m. The tension pulleys d are
carried by the weighted levers e fulcrumed on cross bars between the bars n.
shafts h and the gripping devices are also carried by the bars n. a a' show the right
and left endless ropes and their leads. p are handles on the bars n and the quadrant o.
by which manual hand power is applied to drive the apparatus. Manual foot power
can also be applied to the footboards & to drive the apparatus, or the footboards can be
weighted so as to increase the pendulous weight and thus steady the manual hand
action. The driving grip and tension pulleys have preferably a U groove and the
endless cords a a¹ have one, or more turns round these pulleys. In action when the
bars are rocked to the right, the right hand grip pulley pulls the rope a and revolves
the driving pulleys b. When the bars w are rocked to the left, the left hand grip
pulley o pulls the under lead of the rope a¹ and revolves the driving pulleys in the
same direction making the motion continuous.
The apparatus shown at Figure 5 is of very similar construction to that shown at
Figure 4, but in this case the rocking bars n are actuated by a steam, gas, or water
engines of any suitable kind, the piston rod of which actuates a frame t which is
connected to the rocking bars n. As the bars n are rocked the action of the grip
pulleys g causes the ropes a and a¹ to alternately work the driving pulleys band the
shaft c.
The apparatus shown at Figure 6 is worked by a pair of reciprocating frames n
which take the place of the rocking bars n. These frames n carry the grip pulleys g
and are worked by a steam, or other suitable motive power engine s the piston rod of
which imparts reciprocating movement to the frames n. To enable the direction of
motion of the apparatus to be reversed four grip pulleys 9 are provided, two on each
These grip pulleys are so arranged that they can be thrown out of gear with
their shafts h. Thus for turning the pulley's b in one direction the grip pulleys 1 and 3
would be used and for turning the pulleys b in the other direction the grip pulleys 2
and 4 would be used.
frame n.
For the purpose of tightening the driving ropes on the pulleys I construct the
pulleys with adjustable peripherical segment pieces as shown at Figure 7. These
segment pieces can he so adjusted by their holding screws that the diameter of the
pulley is slightly increased and the driving rope a thereby tightened.

page_text: In the apparatus herein described for obtaining rotary movement from pendulous
rocking, or reciprocating movement, the motor may be a steam, gas, hydraulic,
pneumatic or electric motor, or manual, or animal power may be used. The motion
may be imparted direct to the grip pulleys g or through a rocking, or reciprocating
frame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1st. The means substantially herein described for obtaining rotary movement from
pendulous rocking, or reciprocating movement, which means consist in imparting
rotary movement to a shaft, by a pulley and an endless rope, held by a tension pulley,
the movement of the endless rope being obtained from a reciprocating mechanical grip
device as set forth.
2nd. The combination of a driving pulley, an endless rope, or band, a tension pulley,
and a reciprocating mechanical grip device, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
3rd. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for obtaining continuous rotary
movement from rocking movement substantially as herein described and set forth in
reference to Figure 4 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
4th. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for obtaining continuous rotary
movement from rocking movement substantially as herein described and set forth with
reference to Figure 5 of the Drawings hereto annexed..
5th. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for obtaining continuous rotary
movement from reciprocating movement substantially as herein described and set
forth with reference to Figure 6 of the Drawings hereto annexed.