Improvements in Wrenches.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 1st May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wrenches.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A M and Wm. Clark. of 53,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents,
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication to me from abroad
by Sidney Cook, of Orlando, in the County of Orange, and State of Florida, United
States of America,) Inventor to be as follows •
This Invention relates to an improvement in wrenches; and has for its object to
simplify the construction and enable one Jaw to be removable and adjustable at
various angles with respect to the fixed jaw as well as laterally while in any
position.
A
The body of the wrench consists of side cheeks rivetted or otherwise fastened to a
shank, the outer faces of the shank and cheeks being flush. The side cheeks are
rivetted to a fixed jaw, the said jaw being provided with teeth upon the end face and
also upon the side face, the end toothed surface being preferably inclined from the
corner inwards and the side toothed face being slightly concaved, or it may be in-
clined inwards from the corner if preferred A circular swivel block or carrier is
fitted to revolve in apertures in the side cheeks, the carrier being rebated or shouldered
to fit the apertures so that it is held in position between the side cheeks, the carrier
being placed in position before the side cheeks are attached to the fixed jaw
mortise is made diametrically through the carrier to receive the shank of the movable
Jaw, this shank passing freely between the side cheeks of the body This shank is
screw-threaded on .ts front and rear edges and has side flats fitting in the diametrical
mortise in the carrier and upon the threaded shank works a circular nut which is
received in a central through aperture in the carrier, the milled periphery of the nut
projecting from the opposite faces of the carrier A spring is fixed to the shank, its
free end engaging in a recess in the periphery of the carrier; The movable jaw has
a curved or parrot-bill head, the toothed surface being concaved.
For ordinary purposes, the removable jaw acts in conjunction with the end toothed
face of the fixed jaw, against or towards the inner end of which the spring tends to
throw the shank of the movable jaw. This action of the spring serves to hold the
movable Jaw up to its work and the angular motion of the movable jaw in conjunction
with the screw-adjustment adapts the jaws to grip pipes of various sizes. When the
movable jaw and carrier are turned away from the fixed Jaw the end of the spring
quits its recess in the carrier and bears against the periphery of the carrier, holding
the carrier in whatever position it may be left; and at whatever angle the movable
Jaw is placed it may be adjusted through the medium of the nut, if desired. The
movable jaw may be entirely detached and the carrier revolved so that the diametrical
mortise therein will be transversely of the body of the wrench, the threaded shank
being then introduced in the transverse position for use in conjunction with the outer
or side face of the fixed jaw, the movable jaw being adjustable to pipes etc. of various
sizes by angular motion as before, the fine adjustment being accomplished as before,
through the medium of the revolving nut.
Dated this 1st dave of May 1080
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wrenches.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Sidney Cook, of Orlando, in the County of Orange, and State of
Florida, United States of America) and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This Invention relates to an improvement in wrenches; and has for its object to
simplify the construction and enable one jaw to be removable and adjustable at
various angles with respect to the fixed jaw, as well as laterally, while in any
position.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specifi-
cation, in which figure 1 is a side elevation of the wrench, partly broken away;
figure 2 is a transverse section on line figure 1; and figure 3 is a side elevation
of the wrench, the movable jaw being inserted in the body in a different position to
that shewn in figure 1. Similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in
all the views.
The body of the wrench consists of side cheeks 2, rivetted or otherwise fastened to
a shank 1, the outer faces of the shank and cheeks being flush. The side cheeks 2
are rivetted to a fixed jaw 3, the said Jaw being provided with teeth upon the end
face 4 and also upon the side face 5, the toothed face 4 being preferably inclined from
the corner inwards and the toothed face 5 is slightly concaved, or it may be inclined
inwards from the corner if preferred. A circular swivel block or carrier 6 is fitted to
revolve in apertures in the side cheeks 2, the carrier being rebated or shouldered to
fit the apertures so that it is held in posit.on between the side cheeks, as illustrated in
figure 2, the carrier being placed in position, before the side cheeks are attached to
the fixed jaw 3
A mortise is made diametrically through the carrier to receive the
shank 8 of the movable jaw 9, this shank passing freely between the side cheeks 2.
This shank 8 is screw-threaded on its front and rear edges and has side flats fitting in
the diametrical mortise in the carrier 6 and upon the threaded shank works a circular
nut 10 which is received in a central through aperture 11 in the carrier, the milled
periphery of the nut projecting from the opposite faces of the carrier. 12 is a spring
fixed to the shank, its free end engaging in a recess in the periphery of the carrier 6,
the tendency of this spring being to retain the movable jaw in the full line position
figure 1. The movable jaw 9 has a curved or parrot-bill head, the toothed surface
being concaved, as shewn
For ordinary purposes the removable jaw is used in the position she n in figure 1,
the head acting in conjunction with the toothed face 4 of the fixed w against or
towards the inner end of which the spring 12 tends to throw the shank 3. This action
of the spring serves to hold the movable jaw up to its work and the angular motion of
the movable jaw, in conjunction with the screw adjustment, adapts the jaws to grip
pipes of various sizes. When the movable jaw and carrier are turned to the dotted
position, the end of the spring quits its recess in the carrier and bears against the
periphery of the carrier, holding the carrier in whatever position it may be left, and
at whatever angle the movable jaw is placed it may be adjusted through the medium
of the nut, as desired. The movable jaw may be entirely detached and the carrier
revolved so that the diametrical mortise therein will be transversely of the body of the
wrench, the threaded shank being then introduced in the position illustrated in
figure 3 for use in conjunction with the outer or side face 5 of the fixed jaw, the
movable jaw being adjustable to pipes, etc., of various sizes by angular motion in the
direction of the arrow, figure 3, the fine adjustment being accomplished, as before,
through the medium of the revolving nut 10.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;
1. In a wrench, the combination, with a body open at the top and sides and pro-
vided with a fixed Jaw having teeth on its upper and outer faces, of a revolving
carrier in the body and a movable jaw detachably and adjustably secured in the said
carrier, substantially as described, whereby provision is made for causing the movable
jaw to work with either toothed face of the fixed jaw, as set forth.
2. In a wrench, the combination, with an open body provided with a fixed jaw
having teeth on its upper and outer faces, of a carrier fitted to revolve in the body
and provided with apertures intersecting each other at right angles, a nut fitting in one
of the apertures of the carrier, a movable jaw having a screw-threaded shank and
passing through the carrier and nut, and a spring secured to the body and engaging
the carrier, substantially as herein shewn and described.
3. The combination, with the body consisting of two parallel-spaced sides and a
jaw fixed in the upper edge of said body at one side, of a carrier revolving in the
body, a nut revolvable in the carrier, and a jaw provided with a threaded shank
sustained by said carrier and adjusted by said nut, substantially as shewn and
described.
4 In a wrench, the combination, with the body consisting of spaced side pieces, a
Jaw provided with an upper and outer toothed surface secured between the said side
pieces at the top near one edge, a carrier revolvable in the said side pieces provided
with a transverse and diametrical recess, and a nut revolving in the said transverse
recess provided with an interior thread, of an upper jaw having an integral threaded
shank passing through the diametrical recess and engaging with the threaded surface
of the nut, and a spring attached to one lower edge of the body having a bearing at
its upper end in a recess in the periphery and against the periphery of the said carrier,
all combined to operate substantially as shewn and described whereby the upper jaw
may be carried at any desired angle from the fixed jaw and be retained in position
and whereby also the upper jaw may be inserted vertically into the carrier or
horizontally as desired, as set forth.
Dotad this 10th dow of Santambay 1006
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.