IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE DRAWING, SPINNING, AND PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bywater, of the Sweet Street Foundry,
Holbeck, Leeds, in the County of York, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE DRAWING, SPINNING, AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bywater at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th March 1875.
I, WILLIAM BYWATER, of the Sweet Street Foundry, Holbeck, Leeds,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE DRAWING,
SPINNING, AND TWISTING OF FLAX, WOOL, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows :-
In the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me and Jack Shaw,
bearing date the 26th day of October 1870, No. 2814, the fibre under
operation was conducted over and operated by a porcupine or such like

page_text: tooth roller in its passage to between a pair of rollers, one of which, in
addition to having a slow rotary motion upon its axis imparted to it,
which by frictional contact is imparted to the other, both had also rotary
motion given to them in a direction transversely to such axial motion,
by which combined motions these rollers simultaneously effected both a
draught and a twist to the yarn under operation in its passage from the
delivery to the receiving means, and my present Invention consists in
improvements on such means of operating on yarn.
the
I find it important in order that the doubling, spinning, or twisting
be uniform in character that the pressing rollers be caused to bear on
tho yarn with a uniform clastic pressure over the whole surface of it
towards the other roller.
The surface of this pressing roller may be formed of wood, brass, iron,
steel, or other hard material, and it may be plain or lined or otherwise cut
or fluted, or it may be covered with leather, gutta percha, india-rubber,
vulcanized or otherwise prepared or not. _
I support the ends of the axis of the pressing roller in recesses formed
in a plate spring with facility for the ready removal and replacement of
the roller with the ends of its axis in these recesses, and the roller
cannot readily be carried in a downward direction below the line of these
recesses for its support in the spring.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Bywater in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM 2
BYWATER, of the Sweet Street Foundry, Holbeck, Leeds, in the County
of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-eighth year a
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Bywater, Her special license that I, the
said William Bywater, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such

page_text: others as I, the said William Bywater, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
EFFECTING THE DRAWING, SPINNING, AND TWISTING OF FLAX, WOOL, COTTON,
SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Bywater, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, tho said William Bywater, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
-
In the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me and Jack Shaw,
bearing date the 26th day of October 1870, No. 2814, the fibre under
operation was conducted over and operated by a porcupine or such like
tooth roller in its passage to between a pair of rollers, one of which,
in addition to having a slow rotary motion upon its axis imparted
to it, which by frictional contact it imparted to the other, both had
also rotary motion given to them in a direction transversely to such
axial motion, by which combined motions these rollers simultaneously
effected both a draught and a twist to the yarn under operation in its
passage from the delivery roller to the receiving means, and my present
Invention consists in improvements on such means of operating on the
yarn.
I find it important in order that the doubling, spinning, or twisting be
uniform in character that the pressing rollers be caused to bear on the
yarn with a uniform clastic pressure over the whole surface of it towards
the other roller.
The surface of this pressing roller may be formed of wood, brass, iron,
steel, or other hard material, and it may be plain or lined or otherwise

page_text: Figure 1 shows an external side view, Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3
a vertical section of parts arranged to carry out my present im-
provements.
Figure 4 shows a plan of part separately.
In cach of these views the same letters indicate corresponding parts.
a shows a portion of the ordinary supporting rail; b is the roller
between which and the pressing roller c the yarn under operation is
conducted down from the feed rollers to the bobbin or spool, as shown
by red lines. The axis of this roller is supported with capability of
revolving in the bearings d, d, affixed to the plate e which is applied to
or forms part of the tube e', and this tube e¹ is supported to revolve in
the stationary socket faffixed to the rail a. On the lower end of tho
tube e¹ is affixed the pulley or warve e³ by a band round which rotary
motion is imparted to the spindle e', the top plate e, and parts carried
thereby, whilst a slow rotary motion is at the same time imparted to tho
roller by the teeth of a wheel ¹ affixed on the axis of that roller b,
taking into a scroll rib g¹, standing up from the surface of the plate g,
carried by and affixed stationarily to the upper end of the socketf. Tho
ends c', c¹, of the axis of the pressing roller c are supported in recesses
formed for them in the opposite sides of the opening to receive that
roller in the plate spring / which is applied with capability of adjust-
ment by set screw ¹ on the plate e, by which means uniformity of
clastic pressure over the whole operating surface of the roller c is
obtained, and the roller c, whilst capable of being readily removed by

page_text: back pressure exerted on the upper end 72 of the spring /, is yet held in
correct relative position for action.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the adaptation or combination of parts whereby the pressing
roller c is supported and controlled, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bywater, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.