improvements in Apparatus for inducing or Producing Currents of Air, Water, or other Fluid for Various Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 1st Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 7th Dec., 1888
improvements in Apparatus for inducing or Producing Currents
of Air, Water, or other Fluid for Various Purposes.
1, ANGUS MURRAY, of 4 Sutherland Terrace, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to apparatus for inducing or producing currents of fluid
by means of jets of an expansible fluid under pressure, and my object is, by an
improved construction or conformation of parts to obtain increased effects from the
power expended.
My improvements are in part applicable to current inducing apparatus of the kind
in which an annular jet or jet issuing from an annular slit or opening acts on air or
other fluid passing through a central passage of the nozzle so as to be within the
jet as well as, on air or other fluid passing along the outside of the nozzle. One
feature, however, of my Invention is the substituting of an annular series of
separate jet orifices for the annular slit, with which alteration a greater duty is
obtained with a given quantity and pressure of the motive fluid; and I prefer to
use such annular series of separate jet orifices in all modifications of the nozzle and
its accessories. The jet orifices consist of holes formed by drilling or by grooving
the edge of either or both of two pieces which fit together to form the nozzle, and
which are hereinafter termed the inner and outer bodies.
The inner and outer bodies of the nozzle are shaped so as to enclose between them
a hollow ring from which the motive fluid has access to the jet orifices these being
at the front end of the hollow ring. The two bodies are of curved forms internally
and externally so as to offer the least possible obstruction to the fluid operated on and
which passes through the centre of the nozzle as well as outside of it. The motive
fluid is led to the hollow ring by one or more pipes made of curved forms and of a
section which is elongated in the direction of the currents so as to offer the least
possible obstruction. In some modifications the central passage is formed entirely
in the inner body, whilst in others it is made partly in the outer body, the inner

page_text: body being screwed into the forward part of the outer body. In some cases a
directing tube or shell of curved form and varying area is placed with its wider back
end, in about the plane of the jet orifices or a little forward of that plane; and
when such directing tube is used the pipe or pipes for leading the motive fluid to the
hollow ring may cross therefrom to the tube and be connected to an ordinary pipe
at its outer side.
When it is wished to supply the motive fluid by a pipe in a line with the axis of
the nozzle the nozzle is made of the same form as in other cases, but passages
extending back from the hollow ring and of narrow section and formed so as to
meet at such a distance back as not to obstruct the entrance of air or other fluid into
the central passage of the nozzle, and these passages are connected to the supply pipe
where they meet.
Where it is wished to act on a comparatively large volume of air or other fluid
two or more nozzles are employed, both or all being supplied with motive fluid.
The nozzles or hollow rings are placed coaxially in order one behind the other; and
a large directing tube or shell is also by preference used in combination with the
nozzles.
My improved apparatus is advantageously applicable for various purposes such as
exhausting, ventilating, circulating liquids, supplying air to furnaces, supplying
pulverised or liquid fuel for combustion and other similar operations.
Ti
1000
EDMUND HUNT,
Per Pro David Ferguson,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: of Air, Water, or other Fluid for Various Purposes.
1, ANGUS MURRAY, of 4 Sutherland Terrace, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say:
My said Invention relates to apparatus for inducing or producing currents of
fluid by means of jets of an expansible fluid under pressure; and my object is, by
an improved construction or conformation of parts, to obtain increased effects from
the power expended.
My improvements are in part applicable to current inducing apparatus of the kind
in which as hitherto commonly made, an annular jet, or a jet issuing from an
annular slit or opening acts on air or other fluid passing through a central passage
of the nozzle so as to be within the jet as well as on air or other fluid passing along
the outside of the nozzle. One feature, however, of my Invention is the substituting
of an annular series of separate jet orifices for the annular slit, with which
alteration a greater duty is obtained with a given quantity and pressure of the
motive fluid and I prefer to use such annular series of separate jet orifices in all.
modifications of the nozzle and its accessories. The jet orifices consist of holes
formed by drilling, or, as I prefer, by grooving the edge of either or both of two
pieces which fit together to form the nozzle, and which are hereinafter termed the
inner and outer bodies.
The inner and outer bodies of the nozzle are shaped so as to enclose or form
between them a hollow ring from which the motive fluid has access to the jet orifices,
these being at the front end of the hollow ring. The two bodies are of curved forms
internally and externally so as to offer the least possible obstruction to the fluid
operated on and which passes through the centre of the nozzle as well as outside
of it.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings to
be hereinafter referred to and representing various modifications of my improved
apparatus.
Figures, 1, and 2, on sheet, 1, of the drawings are a plan and vertical section of
a first modification, figures, 3, and 4, a sectional plan and vertical section of a second
modification; and figures, 5, and, 6, a plan and vertical section of a third modification.
Figures, 7, and 8, on sheet, 2, are a plan and vertical section of a fourth medification,
figure, 9, a vertical section of a fifth modification, figures, 10, and 11, vertical and
horizontal sections of a sixth modification; and figure, 12, a vertical section of a
seventh modification. In all the views the apparatus is supposed to be placed so as
to give an upward direction to the currents, but it may be placed in any desired
position. In the drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or
like parts wherever they are repeated.

page_text: -
In the first modification, figures, 1, 2, the inner body, A, of the nozzle has the
outer body, B, screwed upon it, and it extends downwards from the outer body with
the central passage, C, through it wider at the bottom or entering end than at the
front end. I may here remark that in all cases I prefer to make the central
passage, C, narrowest at or close to its front end, as I find it better to do so than to
make the passage narrowest at some distance from its front end and enlarging from
such narrowest part to the front end. And I make the bottom or entering end of the
central passage, C, at least as large in diameter as any part of the outer part, B.
The front end of the outer body, B, fits closely on a rim formed round the front
end of the inner body, A, excepting at parts of the rim which are grooved to form
the annular series of jet orifices, D. These jet orifices are by preference shaped so as
to have about twice the area at their outer ends that they have at their inner ends.
The inner and outer bodies, A, B, are shaped so as to enclose an annular chamber, E,
the section of which is elongated parallel to the axis of the apparatus; and the motive
fluid is supplied to this annular chamber, E, by a branch pipe, F, which is formed
in the same piece with the outer body, B, and serves to carry the nozzle or combined
inner and outer bodies, A, B. This branch pipe, F, is made of an elongated section
as shown at G, so as to offer the least possible obstruction to air or other fluid flowing
past the outside of the nozzle. The branch pipe, F, can be attached by a screw
coupling, H, to a supply pipe held in any convenient way. In most cases I prefer to
employ a directing tube, J, in front of the nozzle, A B, such directing tube being
made of thin sheet metal and of the form shown and being conveniently fixed to the
branch supply pipe, F.
The second modification, figures, 3, 4, differs from the first in the form of the branch
supply pipe, F, and is shown without an cuter directing tube (J) but may be used
with such a directing tube if wished.
In the third modification, figures, 5, 6, the annular nozzle chamber, E, is supplied
with the motive fluid by two diametrically opposite branch pipes, F, formed in one
piece with a semicircular pipe, K, which can be attached by a screw coupling, H, to
a supply pipe.
In the fourth modification, figures, 7, 8, sheet, 2, one nozzle, A B, formed as
herein before described is combined with a second similar but larger nozzle, L M.
The annular chamber, E, of the smaller nozzle is supplied with motive fluid by
radial branch pipes. F, from.the annular chamber, N, of the larger nozzle, the larger
annular chamber, N, being supplied by a branch pipe, P, of elongated section and
attached by a screw coupling, E, to a supply pipe. A large directing tube, J, is fixed
in front of the nozzles by means of a bracket, Q, fixed to it and made of a forked
shape to embrace the pipe at the coupling and to admit of adjustment, a screw nut, R,
securing it against the part, H.
The fifth modification, figure, 9, is similar to the fourth but with the smaller
nozzle, A B, placed at the back or bottom of the larger nozzle, L, M, and not partly
within the latter as in the fourth modification. The smaller nozzle is supplied with
motive fluid by a branch pipe, F, connected to the larger pipe, P.
When it is wished to supply the motive fluid by a pipe in a line with the axis of the
nozzle the sixth modification, figures, 10, 11, may be used. In this modification the
nozzle, A B, is made of the same form as in the other cases, but with passages or
pipes, S, extending back from the annular chamber, E, and of narrow section and
formed so as to meet and form one connected T, for an axial supply pipe, U, at such
a distance back as not to obstruct the entrance of air or other fluid into the central
passage, C; of the nozzle.
A pointed directing spindle, V, is by preference formed or
fixed centially between the two side pipes, S, to prevent the currents of air entering
at opposite sides from interfering with each other.
The seventh modification figure, 12, is also designed for attachment.to-an-axial-
supply pipe, but is made with two nozzles, -A- B, and LM. The supply branch
pipe, W, is formed in-the same piece with the inner body, L, of the larger nozzle,
and it divides or branches so as to communicate with each annular chamber, N, E, at
two diametrically opposite points. Air has access to the central passage, (, of the

page_text: inner nozzle, A B, from opposite sides at the angle where the pipe, W, branches
towards the sides.
More than two of the nozzles with annular series of jet orifices may be
concentrically combined when it is wished to act on a comparatively large volume of
air or other fluid.
My improved apparatus is advantageously applicable for various purposes such as
exhausting, ventilating, circulating liquids, supplying air to furnaces, supplying
pulverised or liquid fuel for combustion, or other similar operations.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
i-Constructing and combining the parts of apparatus for inducing or producing
currents of air, water, or other fluid substantially in any of the improved modes
hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
2 In apparatus for inducing or producing currents of fluid by means of jets of
motive fluid under pressure, the use of one or more annular series of jet orifices
made, arranged, and combined substantially in the improved manner hereinbefore
described.
2
T
1000
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.