Improvements in the Manufacture of Looped Pile and Cut Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 30th May, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Looped Pile and Cut Pile
Fabrics.
We, HERBERT ANDERTON FOSTER of Black Dike Mills, Queensbury, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, and RALPH LEE, of Black Dike Mills aforesaid,
Foreman Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to looped and pile fabrics of the class in which a woven
fabric is employed as an independent backing or ground, and the loop or pile is
produced by use of needles which pierce the backing, and carry through a yarn,
which is formed into loops on the surface of the backing, thereby forming a pile
looped fabric, or if the loops are cut, then constituting a cut pile fabric.
A defect of such fabric as heretofore manufactured is that the loops are not
securely attached to the backing.
Now our invention consists of a new and improved interlacing and entwining of
the loop or pile yarn with itself, and with and through the backing combined with
suitable apparatus therefor, so as to effectually fasten and combine the loops or
pile with the woven backing.
Such being the nature and object of our said invention, the following is a
complete description of same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, in
which:-
Fig. 1 is a section or side elevation shewing the backing and the improved
interlacing and entwining of the loop pile yarn, drawn on enlarged scale so as to
clearly illustrate.
or
Fig. 2 shews the looping (as in Fig. 1), but drawn up and completed.
Fig. 3 illustrates a series of interlaced and entwined loops and the backing, the
whole constituting the improved fabric according to this our invention.
On reference to the drawings on Sheet 1, it will be seen that the yarn a is passed
through the backing b and forms a loop c, and is returned through the backing at d,
and continued a distance along the backing at e, then again through the backing
and through the loop c, and returned, forming a second loopf, again through the
backing at g, there are two loops formed, and on the loop c being drawn up as at c',
Figs. 2 and 3, the remaining loop f is secured, and along with its backing constitutes
a pile looped fabric, or if the loops fare cut as at h, h, h, Fig. 3, then a cut pile
fabric is produced; in either case the loops or cut pile threads are interlaced and
entwined as to secure them to each other and to the backing, b.
On Sheet 2 of the drawings, we have illustrated a suitable arrangement of
needles for carrying the yarn through the backing, and for forming, interlacing,
and drawing up the loops, said needles to be operated by cams or eccentrics, and
controlled by jacquard or other pattern mechanism as will be well understood by
persons practically acquainted with machinery for knitting fabric.
In Fig. 4 the backing 1 is on the roller 2 and passes under a guide or stretching
roller 3, so as to hold the backing stretched, and in convenient position for being
pierced by the needle 4. The figure illustrates the needle 4 as having been
advanced and pierced the backing 1, and carried through the yarn 5, and the
hooked needle 6 has been alvanced and passed between the side of the needle 4 and
inside the varu 5.

page_text: Fig. 5 illustrates the needles 4 and 6 returned, and the hook of needle 6 has
caught and held the yarn so as to form the first loop c.
Fig. 6 illustrates the needles 4 and 6 again advanced to position of Fig. 1, the
hooked needle 6 again passing between the side of the needle 4 and the yarn 5,
meanwhile the latch 7 has passed through the loop c, which it holds until the
needles 4, 6 are again returned, whereon the latch 7 tilts over as is understood, and
thereby passes the loop c over the loop f.
In Fig. 7 the loop c is drawn up, as shewn by Figs. 2 and 3 on Sheet 1 of the
drawings, and secures the standing loop fin position, and firmly attached to the
backing.
Fig. 8 shews the needle 6 advanced for releasing the completed loop from
the hook, the loop being behind the latch 7.
Fig. 9 shews the needles 4, 6 withdrawn, and the latch 7 tilted, and thereby
passing the loop f over and clear of the hook needle 6.
All the relative positions and movements of the needles, and the looping and
entwining are illustrated by the enlarged views on Sheet 2 and 3, but we do not
lay any claim to the construction, nor to operating the needles per se, as any such
or other like knitting machinery may be employed for forming and interlacing the
loops, as herein described and illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
(1.) The improved manufacture of looped pile fabric, or cut pile fabric, as
illustrated by Sheet 1 of the annexed drawings, and herein fully described.
(2.) In the manufacture of looped or cut looped pile fabrics as described, needles,
such as illustrated, when operated so as to interlace and entwine the loop or pile
thread with itself, and with the woven backing as described, all in combination,
and as illustrated by annexed drawings.
Dated this 4th day of March 1896.
HERBERT ANDERTON FOSTER,
RALPH LEE,
By their Agents, Brierley & Howard,
Penny Bank Chambers, Halifax.