matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN DEVICES FOR CAUSING STRIKING CLOCKS ΤΟ REPEAT
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1883 a communication
from Jules Blot of Bourmont, Haute Marne in the Republic of France
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN DEVICES FOR CAUSING STRIKING CLOCKS ΤΟ
REPEAT [a communication from Jules Blot of Bourmont, Haute Marne in the
Republic of France]
This invention relates to a spring detent for causing striking clocks to repeat the
hour last struck said detent being constructed as follows:
It consists of two arms or levers of suitable shape united by a pin and fixed
upon the pillar plate of the clock. The first arm or lever is controlled or operated
by a pin on a wheel of the clock and held in position by a spring. The movement
of this arm or lever is communicated to the second lever above referred to. There
is a third arm or lever and on this a pin guided in a slot of the second lever
actuates a detent of the striking mechanic's which is of ordinary construction.
When the clock is to strike in the ordinary course this is caused as is usual in
clockwork but when the clock is to repeat the end of the second lever is pulled
towards one side by suitable means. This brings the wheels which cause the
striking back into the suitable position for again striking the hour last struck
a further pull upon the second lever releases the detent and the clock will then
repeat
MENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR LUBRICATING BEARINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hans Reisert at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1883.
HANS REISERT of Cologne in the Kingdom of Prussia Germany
MENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR LUBRICATING BEARINGS
"
" IMPROVE-
My Invention relates to apparatus or appliances for lubricating bearings or other
working parts of machinery, so arranged that by simply turning the lid or cover
of the lubricator, a dose of lubricant is forced through the oil-hole or passage
leading to the rubbing surfaces. For this purpose, the lubricator is made as a
cylindrical vessel fitted with a piston the outer part of which is of cork, caoutchouc
or other clastic material that presses against the cylinder with certain tightness so
that the piston cannot readily turn round. In the centre of the piston is a metal
bush with an internal left hand screw to which fits a screwed stein projecting down
from the cylinder lid. At the upper edge of the cylinder is a thread or two of n
right hand screw, and the lid is made with a downwardly projecting lip in which
is a corresponding internal screw thread or two and beyond the thread at the
bottoin of the lip is a recess sufficient to admit the screw thread formed at the edge
of the cylinder. The cylinder being charged with lubricant under the piston
through which passes the screwed stem projecting down from the lid, the lid is by
a turn or two screwed on till its thread passes the thread of the cylinder, which
thus becomes free in the recess of the lid. When it is desired to supply lubricant
to the bearing or working part, the lid is turned to the right hand, and by this
inovement the piston baving a left hand thread is forced downwards, its friction
preventing it from turning, while the screw at the upper edge of the cylinder
prevents the lid from rising. The cylinder may be made of glass or ceramic
material in which case its upper edge having no screw thread, the lower end of the
central screwed stem is reduced in diameter and has one or two right hand threads
cut on the reduced part to engage in a screwed and recessed hole in the metal
bottom of the cylinder. The lubricator may be used in an inverted position, the
central screwed stem having in this case a passage through it for the lubricant
which occupies the space above the piston, and a portion of which is forced by
turning the cylinder and piston, while the lid and screwed stem remain stationary.
The lubricator thus arranged may be a separate piece to be screwed on to the part
of a machine where lubrication is required, or its cylindrical cavity may be formed
in one piece with the part of the machine requiring lubrication.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE " OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd February 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Edouard Joseph Le Gay, of Paris, France
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
"
OF
BOOTS AND SHOES [A communication to him from abroad by. Edouard Joseph
Le Gay, of Paris, France]
This invention relates to an improved method of connecting or uniting the soles
and heels of boots or shoes of any kind.
Heretofore, the sole has been simply caused to adhere to the front part of the
heel in such a manner that any lateral strain exerted upon the sole, during walking
or otherwise, is liable to separate the sole from the heel. It is thus that the heels
of boots or shoes manufactured in this manner frequently fall from the sole.
According to the present invention I unite the sole on the heel by effecting the
connection of the two parts in such a manner that they cannot be separated.
In order that the said invention may be readily understood I have represented
in the accompanying drawing, by way of example, different views of a sole and heel
united according to this invention.
Figure 1 is an edge view of the sole prepared for connection to the heel.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 represents a longitudinal section of the sole and heel united.
In these Figures like letters indicate corresponding parts.
a is the sole and b is the heel. I split the rear end of the sole in such a manner
as to form two tongues c and d, I then unite the sole to the heel by introducing
the projecting part of the latter between the two tongues c and d and I fix the
tongue c upon the upper part of the heel and the tongue d against the front part
of the said heel or around three sides of the heel. The fixing may be effected
either by causing the parts to adhere, or by nailing or spiking, sewing or other
suitable means.
In any case, whatever be the mode of fixing adopted and whatever
be the form of the heel, there is always, in all the movements imparted to the sole,

page_text: one of the two tongues c and d which is subjected to tension. The tearing away
or separation of the sole from the heel is thus prevented.
As above stated, this mode of connection is applicable to all kinds of boots and
shoes, the form and dimensions of the tongues varying according to the type of heel
employed.
The cutting and nailing or other mode of fixing the sole to the heel may be
effected by any suitable machine or apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DAVITS AND APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND LOWERING SHIPS' BOATS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Pattison at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1883.
DAVID PATTISON of 21 West India Dock Road Limehouse in the County of
Middlesex Sailmaker "IMPROVEMENTS IN DAVITS AND APPARATUS FOR RAISING
AND LOWERING SHIPS' BOATS."
My invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of the davits
used for suspending ships' boats by which their safe launching under all circum-
stances can be effected to leeward or windward
I construct my davits as follows vist: I have an upright of a size proportionate
to the boats carried by vessel and this upright is carried on the ships' side in the
same way as an ordinary davit. On the said upright and preferably about 6 inches
above the ships' bulwarks are two strong lugs and some distance above the said
lugs is a strong hinged clamp-The top of upright is fitted with one or more
sheaves or with a strong eye to fasten a block to.
An arm in the shape of an ordinary davit is secured to the upright by a bolt
passing through the lugs referred to above and through the lower end of the arm
which is placed between the lugs thereby forming a hinge or joint. This arm has
near the upper end and on the side nearest the upright a strong eye to fasten a
block or shackle to or has strong lugs with sheaves fitted between.
The arm can be raised or lowered by means of a chain or rope passing through
blocks attached to eyes in the upright and arm or through the sheaves arranged
as above-The tackles can be worked by hand or led to a winch or capstan.
When the boat is up the arm is securely held in a perpendicular position close
to the upright independently of all gear or other fixing by the strong hinged clamp
above referred to,
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND IRON
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Edmunds at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December 1883.
" IMPROVE-
EDWARD EDMUNDS, of Pontnewydd, Near Newport. Mon., Engineer,
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL
AND IRON,"
My invention is an Improvement in the apparatus employed for the manufacture
of Steel and Iron.
For this purpose I would use a convertor similar in shape to "the Bessemer"
but fixed, and for a capacity of from one ton to eight, the lower part of the
convertor to be provided with tuyeres, as many as are required for the size of the
convertor; the back of each tuyere to be fitted with a blast box in which there is a
provision for instantly reducing the stream of blast when necessary and preventing
the metal from flowing back into the tuyere.
The mechanical arrangement adopted for the purpose of reducing and controlling
the amount of blast entering the convertor, is the principal feature of this invention
and consists of a disc valve or plate attached to a spindle and lever the lever and
valve are capable of being worked either by band, by hydraulic or by Steam
through or by means of a suitable train of mechanism, the moveable plate or valve
working on another fixed and faced surface at the entrance of the tuyere to the
convertor.
power
This arrangement is found in practice to be a great improvement on the conical
or other shaped plug usually adopted for this purpose this latter being mounted
horizontally on one end of a spindle or piston rod the other end of the same being
fitted with a piston working in a pipe or cylinder and which is worked by the
pressure of the blast on the one side, and steam upon the other according to
whether the blast is on or off the convertor.
It may also be stated that this improved arrangement of mine as above generally
described is fitted seperately to each tuyere on the convertor, and any one tuyere
can be worked or taken out of work without any stoppage or interference with
the working of any of the others.
The chamber or blast box fitted close up to each tuyere is a closed box or
receptacle into which the blast enters before passing through the disc valve on its

page_text: way through the tuyere into the convertor as above described; this valve therefore
is enclosed or surrounded by the chamber or blast box, and in order to ensure the
same not getting over heated or at too high a temperature from any cause the same
is fitted in the bottom with a lead or fusible plug, which in melting allows the
chamber to be at once emptied of any molten metal that may have run back 5
through the tuyere from the convertor into the said blast-box.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW GILL BOXES' OR HACKLE FRAMES FOR PREPARING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George William Douglas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1888.
GEORGE WILLIAM DOUGLAS of Bradford, in the County of York, Dyer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW GILL BOXES' OR HACKLE FRAMES FOR PREPARING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
My improvements consist in driving the Gills or fallers in such a manner that
the speed increases as they travel from the first pair of rollers towards the delivery
rollers and the Gills or fallers are arranged to be close together at the end where
the material enters the machine and to separate as they move forward towards the
delivery rollers, by which means I obtain an increased combing effect and produce
an equal amount of straightening of the fibres with fewer operations and with less
broken fibres lumps or knots.
For this purpose I employ for conducting the Gills or fallers, screws having an
increasing pitch instead of the uniform pitch heretofore employed and I make the
ends of the hackle bars of the Gills or fallers angular shaped to suit the variation
of the pitch as they work in the grooves of the screws so that the backle bars are
effectually kept firm and I may place above the hackle bars, a bar fitted parallel
to the saddle bar and at a given distance to allow the Gills or fallers to travel
between them without tilting.
I may also employ one screw and grooves cut one right handed and the other
left handed or I may employ two screws fitted at each side of the frames one above
the other and close together or in any other position, a second screw steadying the
first.
The Gills or fallers have the usual circulating arrangement carried forward by
screws having increasing pitch on one level then dropped by a cam, tappet or any
other suitable means to another set of screws in a lower level and which returns
the Gills or fallers to the position at the feed head to be again brought into action.
I may introduce a second or third set of Gills or fallers actuated by the same
screws or by additional screws and which enter spaces between the first set of Gills
or fallers when travelling to the delivery rollers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARC LAMPS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR GENERATING, ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Henry Seymour Hawker at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th June 1883.
THOMAS HENRY SEYMOUR HAWKER of Moseley in the County of Worcester,
Electrician "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARC LAMPS, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING, ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND
OTHER PURPOSES
"
My improvements in the construction of Arc lamps relate chiefly to the
combination of a reversible Electro motor with a polechanger actuated by a
differential solenoid and with mechanism by which the Carbons are made to
approach or to separate; and to the regulation of the Arc between two gravitating
Carbons by the intrusion and withdrawal of a tongue of refractory material under
the influence of a differentially wound solenoid or Electro Magnet.
My improvements in Apparatus for generating Electric Currents relate, to the
improved construction of Electro-dynamos in two principal forms, which
improvements are susceptible of various modifications.
Firstly, in one form of Dynamo the Armature consists of a series or set of
concentric parallel discs each being cut, preferably by sawing, into a convenient
number of scrolls or approximate volutes, of which the centres and marginal
extremities are connected in series so as to cause any current passing to generate
alternate polarities in the said scrolls. The field is multipolar, opposite polarities
being presented to the sides of the same scroll. The Currents can be rendered
continuous by leading the Armature terminals to a Commutator; or if the magnetic
mass of the field coils be very small, by exciting the said Coils by an alternating
Current so as to reverse the field whenever the E. M. F. tends to reverse.
scroll is thus continually entering a field of certain polarity which never reverses
but rapidly varies froin zero to maximum. The speed of the exciter can be
rendered a function of the main current, so as to maintain equable e. in. f. or equable
current, or any suitable compound system of excitation may be employed to
effect this purpose.
Each
In the other form of dynamo two Armatures of any suitable design having an
iron basis are connected on the same shaft by which they are rotated, and through
the iron axis of which the magnetic circuit induced by the field magnets is
completed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PARING AND BURNISHING THE EDGES OF THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Cutlan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June 1883.
FREDERICK CUTLAN, of Leicester in the County of Leicester, Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PARING AND BURNISHING THE EDGES OF THE
SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES
"
I fix the boot or shoe to be pared upon a stationary last so that the sole is
uppermost the last is so made that it can be adjusted to any size of boot or shoe
and to either right or left foot.
To make the knife follow the shape of the boot-sole I adapt the following
arrangement: The knife is fixed to a carrier which is fixed to one end of a rod.
The rod slides through a solid frame which is pivotted to a second frame in such a
way that it can be rotated horizontally round a given centre through a greater or
less arc of a circle, the extent of which arc can be regulated by a stop. The
second frame slides horizontally on a grooved or slotted plate which is hinged at
one end to a vertical support and projects over the boot or shoe like the arm of a
crane. The rod to which the knife carrier is attached carries a coiled spring so
adjusted as to keep the knife well up to the edge of the sole.
The knife is made of a strip of steel curved to form the arc of a circle, the
cutting edge being at one end; it is fixed to a case which is pivotted to the above
named carrier at the centre of curvature of the knife so that when not in use, the
knife can be removed from contact with the sole by a slight horizontal turn.
To the same rotating case and opposite to the knife is fixed a segmental block of
metal or other suitable material the outer edge of which is curved to the same
radius as the knife so that by a partial rotation of the case, the block comes in
contact with the edge of sole instead of the knife and acts as a burnisher.
To work the machine the operator slides the frame-work and knife carrier above
described along the horizontal plate and the knife being kept up to the sole by the

page_text: spring, one side of the sole is pared. When the toe is reached the rotating frame
is turned through a partial revolution, thereby paring the toe, the return of the
sliding frame paring the other side of the sole.
The point at which the frame is rotated to pare the toe is regulated according to
the length of the sole by adjusting the pedestal carrying the last and more exactly
by a set screw at the end of the grooved plate which forms a stop against which
the sliding frame strikes
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hughes Kirk at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1883.
GEORGE HUGHES KIRK, of the City and County of Philadelphia, in the State
of Pennsylvania and United States of America, Bookkeeper, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CANDLES
"
The invention consists in the combination, with a candle, of an inflammable
material which will kindle by friction and ignite the wick of the candle; and in
carrying the invention into practice, either of two methods may be employed.
In the one case, the wick of the candle is combined with a suitable combustible
material, which will kindle by friction and ignite it, and is prepared for ignition by
dipping it into said inflammable material.
'
In the other case, a match is located within or contiguous to the wick, and is
fixed so as to prevent accidental displacement.
In either case, the invention may be applied to one or both ends of the candle,
as preferred.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER KNIVES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Louis Henri Aumont at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1883.
FRANÇOIS LOUIS HENRI AUMONT of Camberwell in the County of Surrey,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER KNIVES"
My Invention relates to an improved construction of box or receptacle in the
handles of paper knives for the reception of postage stamps and the Invention has
for its object to enable the lid or cover of the box to be always held tightly in place
notwithstanding the frequent use to which it is put.
It is essential that the cover should not work loose in its guides as it would
under ordinary circumstances be liable to do, as the contents of the receptacle
would, were the cover to accidentally come off, be lost. To avoid this I employ a
sliding cover whose upper surface is preferably flush with the surface of the knife
handle and which is fitted to slide in rebated or grooved guides in the sides of the
mouth of the chamber forming the receptacle, and is constantly acted on by a bow
spring which is fitted in a chamber in the extremity of the handle separate from
the compartments of the receptacle. This spring carries a nib which constantly
bears on the underside of the cover and tends to tighten it in its guides and when
the cover is drawn out a certain distance this nib enters a depression or cavity in
the cover and prevents the cover being entirely withdrawn from the receptacle and
being lost or mislaid
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PUMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cowley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th October 1883.
WILLIAM COWLEY, of the City of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PUMPS },
My Invention has for its object a simple and efficient construction of pump,
which combines accessability of parts, and is adaptable to be used either as a lift
pump, or as a force pump.
A pump constructed according to my Invention consists of a horizontal cylinder,
being the pump barrel and which is open at both ends and is mounted in a chamber
between and over two foot, or suction valves and between and under two discharge,
or delivery valves. The foot, or suction valves open into a chamber which forms
a T with a feed, or suction pipe. The discharge, or delivery valves open into
an open vessel, or pan which forms the overflow vessel, and from which the
discharging nozzle, or pipe is led. When the pump is used as a force pump, this
overflow vessel is provided with a cover and an air vessel, and with a rising main,
or discharge nozzle to which a hose may be attached. The chambers and parts
above described with the exception of the valves and accessory parts are formed of
a metal casting, or castings, the chambers and pump barrel lying horizontally on a
pedestal, or frame which forms the upper portion of the feed, or suction pipe, and
the pump barrel is provided with a suitable piston, or a double bucket plunger
which is worked by a piston, or pump rod, which passes horizontally through a
stuffing box on one end of the pump barrel chamber. The end of this piston, or
pump rod is provided with a cross head, and is worked by two connecting rods
which extend from the cross head one on each side of the pump to a crank, or its
equivalent mounted on a shaft, which works in a bearing, which is carried by a
bracket from the side of the pump. The suction and delivery valves consist of
circular poppet valves, their seats being formed by simple rings of india rubber,
leather, or other elastic material. The valves are so constructed and proportioned
that the foot, or suction valves will pass through the seats, or openings of the
discharge, or delivery valves, thereby enabling ready access to be had to the valves
for cleaning and other purposes.

page_text: In the case of ships pumps :-When the pump is required to pump from the two
bilges of a ship, I provide the pump with two pump trees, or feed pipes separated
entirely from one another, and placed one under each foot valve so that when a
ship is heeling over to either side one of the feed pipes supplies one side of the
pump of the pump which acts as a single acting pump.
The pump according to my Invention is a perfect double action pump,
maintaining in action an unceasing flow of water, and possessing the great
advantage of perfect facility of access to all parts of the pump and valves without
having to unscrew any nut, or bolt for cleaning and repairs. The pump also has
the advantage of extreme simplicity of construction and arrangement of parts.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWAY
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Stiebel at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1883.
LEOPOLD STIEBEL, of Crooked Lane, in the City of London, "A NEW OR
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWAY
"
This Invention relates to the construction of roadways from rock asphalte, and
broken stones, and consists in spreading a layer of asphalte, either powdered or in
pieces, over the surface of the ground which has been previously well levelled and
rammed or rolled, or the asphalte may be spread on a concrete substratum. The
asphalte may be either hot or cold, and either wet or dry. On the surface of the
asphalte is or are placed a layer or layers of broken granite or other broken stone
or other suitable hard substance which is then well rammed or rolled into the bed
of asphalte. Asphalte is then inserted into the interstices by means of brooms,
sweeping machines or other suitable appliances, and the whole is finally beaten, or
rolled, or otherwise compressed so as to produce a smooth and even surface.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Warner Jones at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1883.
FREDERICK WARNER JONES of Exeter in the County of Devon IMPROVEMENTS
IN VELOCIPEDES
This Invention consists in the construction of the treadles and Cranks of
Velocipedes, so that greater or less leverage may be obtained, as the exigencies of
the road over which the vehicle is being propelled may require.
In carrying out my invention I make the crank with a double throw on each
part of the crank known as the crank pin; that is to say, I make one half of each
crank pin of a given throw, say, six inches, and the other half of a greater throw, say,
one inch more, or seven inches. I make the total width of each crank pin, over
both throws as wide as would be required to take a treadle of the ordinary width. I
mount on each crank pin a "duplex reversible" treadle which will allow the rider
to utilize either throw of the Crank by reversing his treadle.
I construct this "duplex reversible" treadle as follows;-I mount on each throw
of the crank pin a sleeve forming the bearings for the treadles and on each of these
sleeves I mount a light frame forming the treadle, each of these frames is overhung
so as to provide a sufficient width for the foot, and each is carried high enough
from the centre of its respective pin to clear the sleeve of the other half of the
treadle.
By making the distance between the top of the treadle and the centre of the
crank pin on the longest throw as much greater than the distance between the top
of the treadle and the centre of the crank pin on the shorter throw, as the
difference between the throws of the crank pin, the distance from the saddle to the
duplex reversible" treadle will be the same whichever side is in use, so that the
rider will not have to reach a greater distance when using the long throw of the
crank than when using the short throw.
"
Instead of cranking the crank pin I sometimes place four small eccentrics on the
crank pin of an ordinary crank, so placed that two eccentrics increase the throw of
the crank pin and two decrease it-I then mount on each pair of eccentrics a
treadle as before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS COVERINGS FOR THE KEYS OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bruno Kohl and Karl Voigtritter at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1883.
BRUNO KOHL, and KARL VOIGTRITTER, trading as Kohl and Voigtritter, at
Dresden in the Kingdom of Saxony in the Gerinan Empire "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS COVERINGS FOR THE KEYS OF MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS
"
By the improvement hereafter described glass is made to serve as a cheap
substitute for the ivory heretofore in use for covering the keys of musical
instruments
Important difficulties have until now stood in the way of the production of
glass coverings for keys because the nature of that material necessitates a process
of manufacture quite different from that heretofore in use for ivory coverings
As glass coverings unlike those of ivory cannot be worked after they are glued
in their places it is necessary to manufacture them most carefully to exact size
before fixing them in place and especially as regards the breadth of the heads which
inust not differ materially from one another or from the fixed sizo
According to the present invention the requisite exactitude is produced in the
following manner. Glass plates of suitable thickness are cut into pieces by means
of diamonds such pieces having as exactly as possible the length and breadth of the
key coverings to be produced They are then sorted according to thickness by the
help of a guage of oak-wood The pieces of equal thickness are then worked to the
requisite length and breadth by means of a grinding apparatus specially constructed

page_text: reciprocally in an horizontal direction in a slide guide by means of a crank disc.
At the same time an up and down movement is given to the slide guide and stone
seat or box by means of crank pins running in suitable grooves in the said slide
guide and driven from the driving shaft by means of worm and conical wheels.
Next the two long and the two short sides of the coverings are polished
Afterwards the upper and front edges are rounded off by good hand-work and the
requisito shaping is then effected
The lustre of the glass coverings is then so far removed that light is no longer
reflected but the smooth surface (which must remain snow white) is not destroyed
This is effected by laying the glass coverings in an aqueous solution of hydro-
fluoric acid for which process the required time and the strength of the solution
must be ascertained by careful experiment By this process the susceptibility of
the glass covering to sweat is so far removed that the unpleasant shivering sensation
experienced when a warm finger touches a highly polished glass surfaco is no longer
observable
The fixing of the glass coverings in their places is effected by the employment of
a mixture consisting of:-30 per cent of hot melted white glue 30 per cent of hot
liquid white rosin and 40 per cent of fine sifted and washed crystal quartz sand
AN IMPROVED INDICATING LEVEL FOR ARTIFICERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1883. A communication
froin Heinrich Wilhelm Knieper of Berlin in the Empire of Germany.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
Engineer "AN IMPROVED INDICATING LEVEL FOR ARTIFICERS." [a communication
from Heinrich Wilhelm Knieper of Berlin in the Empire of Germany.]
This invention relates to an indicating balance level for the use of carpenters
builders and other artificers and presenting numerous advantages over the spirit
or plumb bob levels heretofore employed.
The principal part of this level consists of a straight edge or bar of wood or
metal made perfectly straight and true on its under side. When made of wood it
is desirable to protect the under side with a metal plate attached by screws. At
the middle of this bar is formed a chamber or case for the reception of the
mechanism next hereinafter described.
A pointer is carried by a spindle turning on pivots and supported at one
extremity by a bearing in a back plate and at the other extremity by a metallic
dial plate in such a manner as to allow the utmost possible freedom of movement
to the said spindle In the arrangement above described the spindle turns in
ordinary bearings. but in the best instruments the bearing of the spindle will be
upon knife edges or cone centres in order to reduce the friction to a minimum.
An index or pointer is affixed to the front end of this spindle and travels over
the dial plate which is suitably graduated so as to indicate the extent to which
the base or straight edge may deviate from the horizontal position.
A weight suitably connected to the spindle serves to retain the pointer
invariably in a vertical position and being loosely suspended ensures the accuracy of
the indications the pointer being constantly maintained vertical, irrespective of
the inclination of the base or straight edge
The reading from the dial may be facilitated by employing a pointer having
two, three or more arms and the pointer arms may be enclosed behind a glass
which in turn may be protected by a grating of suitable form.
As hereinbefore stated the base plate or straight edge may be constructed of
wood or metal in any convenient manner and the pointer may likewise be caused
to assume any suitable form
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ANCHORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Jean Alban Lannes Comte de Montebello of Paris,
France
JOHN IMRAY, of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ANCHORS" [communi-
cated to him from abroad by Jean Alban Lannes Comte de Montebello of Paris,
France]
This invention relates to the manufacture of anchors of cast steel, or of wrought
iron or steel without welds, as will be described referring to the accompanying
drawings. When the material is cast steel, a blank is cast of the form shewn in
side view at Fig. 1 with excess of metal to allow for forging, and with the arms
projecting at right angles to the shank, so as to give facility for forging the flukes.
After forging all parts to the desired shape, including the head and its holes, the
arms are bent up, so that the finished anchor is as shewn in Fig. 2.
When the material is wrought iron or steel, a bloom of the shape shewn in side
view at Fig. 3 and end view Fig. 4, is cut along the dotted lines ab to holes
drilled at c and the flaps of metal, thus partly severed from the bloom, are bent
outwards as shewn in Fig. 5, after which the blank is forged to the shape shewn
in Fig. 1 and finished.
AN IMPROVED EGG DECAPITATOR WITH ROTATING BLADE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd August 1883. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Léon Olivier mechanical engineer of the city of
Paris in the Republic of France.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 47 Museum Street, Oxford Street in the Parish
of Bloomsbury and county of Middlesex "AN IMPROVED EGG DECAPITATOR WITH
ROTATING BLADE. A communication to me from abroad by Léon Olivier,
mechanical engineer of the city of Paris in the Republic of France
"
The apparatus consists of a metal or other ring, at the bottom of which is a
spiral spring, and at the top a rotating disc having a central aperture for the
reception of the egg: on this disc a cutting blade is mounted on which it pivots.
The disc is secured to the ring by a circular band whose edge is bent into a
groove running all round the ring. The blade is furnished at one end with a
bundle by which it is made to revolve, and a stop serves to keep it clear of the
central aperture when not in use.
The apparatus may be supported on a hollow stand of metal, porcelain, wood
or other suitable substance, decorated externally as taste may dictate. Inside tho
stand at the base is a spiral spring on which rests a cup of elastic matter or of
china, or other material; in this the egg is placed; the upper part of this support
is fitted with a hinged lid closing at the opposite side with a hasp, the egg
protruding above and through the central opening of the disc of the cutting
apparatus placed on the lid
When the egg is placed in the apparatus the blade is made to rotate by turning
the handle, and as the blade revolves it cuts the shell and thus decapitates the head
without effort or crushing the shell.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR SECURING THE RAILS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wood and Thomas Wilton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1883.
GEORGE WOOD and THOMAS WILTON both of Brandon in the County of
Suffolk "IMPROVED MEANS FOR SECURING THE RAILS IN THE PERMANENT WAY
OF RAILWAYS."
The object of this Invention is to provide means for securing rails in position
whereby the necessity for using wooden keys is avoided.
In carrying out our Invention we modify the form of the chair by removing one
of the jaws and we strengthen the remaining jaw by adding externally when
casting a lump or strengthening piece. The inner face of this jaw is formed with
a recess at its lower part to coincide with the form of the rail. The base of the
chain is also hollowed out to receive the rail and is rebated opposite the fixed jaw
to receive a movable jaw or clamp which supports the opposite side of the rail.
The inner face of this movable jaw or clamp is formed to fit against the web and
the lower flange of the rail.
In securing the rail in the chair the movable jaw or clamp is first removed, the
rail is then placed in the chair and the clamp is slidden in and the clamp is then
bolted to the fixed jaw by a bolt which passes through the rail which is slotted
for the purpose. The bolt is provided with a nut and to prevent the nut getting
loose we fit it into a recess formed in the movable jaw and screw up the nut by
turning on the bolt.
The above described means for securing rails is especially applicable for hot
climates where the loosening of the keys through shrinking is of common occurence
and requires constant attention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PAINTS AND VARNISH
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Ferdinand Link at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Ewald Fischer and Martin Egmont Cohn both of Berlin
in Germany
ALBERT FERDINAND LINK of 6 Union Court Chambers Union Court in the City
of London "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PAINTS AND
VARNISH (Communicated [to him from abroad] by Ewald Fischer and Martin
Egmont Cohn both of Berlin in Germany)
"
This Invention refers to a method for the production of a cheap soft ground
paint and varnish that mixes equally well with water and water-colors as with oil
and oil colors and may be advantageously used for purposes of grounding instead
of the ordinary Linseed Oil varnish at present in use to which it is preferable both
for its considerably lower price and for certain other superior qualities
The new paint and varnish consists chiefly of an intimate combination of oil and
various rosins with silicic acid, Guylaya bark and alkalies, in which by an addition of
chromium, alum and sulphuret of carbon, a palmitine is produced that, after
submitting it to the influence of light and air is unaffected by external influences
and that, on drying the varnish produces subliming sulphur greatly increasing the
durability of the paint and varnish.
For its production I employ either 100 portions of linseed oil and 40 portions of
rosin for lime walls, or 60 portions of common oil of turpentine and 100 portions of
rosin for painting on wood or smoothed plaster surfaces, which rosin and oil are
boiled together in a pan or kettle-Then 3 portions of Guylaya bark are boiled
with 30 portions of water which liquor after being filtered is boiled with the above
solution of rosin and oil.
While boiling 50 portions of 15% solution of alkali are gradually added and the
whole kept heated and continually stirred until it becomes perfectly clear.-The
50 portions of 15°, solution of alkali must be mixed one day previously with 10
portions of Portland cement in order to supply a sufficient amount of silicic acid to
the alkali.
Then 4 portions of alum and 1 portion of chromate of potash concentrated are
dissolved in hot water, and at the same time, ammonia is added until the hyacinth
color gives way to a citrine one, whereupon this liquid is added to the above

page_text: boiling mixture which before cooling receives 1/2 additional portions of sulphuret
of carbon and 1'/, portions of alcohol.
The paint or varnish is then mixed with as much water as is necessary to impart
to it the consistency of the ordinary linseed oil varnish.
The essential features of this invention consist-first; in the production of a
paint and varnish that mixes equally well with water and water colors as with oil
and oil colors secondly, The dissolving of greases and rosins into clear liquor by
the combination of Guylaya bark and alkalies in the above stated proportions―
and Thirdly-Forming a Palmitine in the paint and varnish which by the influence
of light and air and by the evaporation of the sulphuret of Carbon and ammonia,
is rendered insoluble
IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Dodd at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1883.
DAVID DODD of Intake in the County of York
SAFETY LAMPS
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS'
This Invention relates to improvements in Miners' safety lamps
The object of this Invention is to construct a lamp which will give a steadier
and better light than those in ordinary use and one which will be safer than
ordinary lamps.
"
This Invention consists firstly in the construction of the wick tube with an
external screw on which is fitted an adjusting tube with a corresponding internal
screw; this adjusting tube has at its base a star or ❝ ratchet wheel which is
rotated by a bent rod or pawl the stem of which passes through and extends
beyond a tube fixed in the oil or spirit reservoir. By raising and lowering the
adjusting tube the height of the flame can be regulated and the lamp made
sensitive for the detection of gas. In this construction of lamp the oil or spirit is
fed into the reservoir by removing the wick tube in the ordinary manner
This Invention consists secondly in the construction of the safety lamp with two
complete gauze cylinders with closed tops-instead of one as hitherto used-so
mounted in the upper frame of the lamp as that the air to promote combustion will
enter through the outer gauze, pass down between the outer and inner one into
the lamp and the products of combustion pass out up the inner gauze. The inner
gauze tube has an external flange at its upper end extending to the outer gauze.
The space between the inner and outer gauze tubes at the bottom is filled in with
a gauze washer or its equivalent
AN IMPROVED SAFETY SUSPENDER FOR STIRRUP-LEATHERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter James Bacon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th December 1883.
WALTER JAMES BACON of Poole in the County of Dorset "AN IMPROVED
SAFETY SUSPENDER FOR STIRRUP-LEATHERS."
My Invention relates to an improved safety suspension attachment for connecting
stirrup-leathers to the bars of hunting and other riding saddles and it has for its
object to so make the connection as to enable the stirrup-leather to be instantly
detached from the stirrup bar by an upward motion (as well as by motion length-
wise of the stirrup-bar as usual, so that in whatever way the rider may be
unseated, should his feet remain entangled in the stirrups, any upward strain upon
the stirrup leather in the act of falling off will instantly detach the stirrup leather
from the saddle whilst under ordinary circumstances, the downward pressure of
the riders foot in the stirrup in riding tends to make the attachment more secure.
Another advantage incidental to my invention is that the length of the stirrup
leathers may be more readily adjusted.
This improved stirrup leather suspender or attachment consists of three parts
hinge jointed together viz: a metal tab plate which is dropped behind the stirrup
bar on the saddle, a metal loop of rectangular or other suitable form which lies
outside of the stirrup bar and through which the stirrup leather runs freely, and
an intermediate connecting link which lies across the upper edge of the stirrup
bar. This connecting link is preferably made of a metal plate and may be jointed
to the other two parts by knuckles formed, its two opposite edges being curled or
bent the one round the upper bar of the rectangular loop, and the other round a
similar bar at the upper edge of the metal tab plate, both these bars being of
round section so as to pivot freely, but the parts may be hinged together by
ordinary hinge joints.
In either case the knuckles of the hinge joints project on the under side of the
intermediate link and admit the stirrup bar between them so that when by a
downward strain the intermediate link is slightly canted the stirrup bar will be
gripped between these projecting knuckles. The metal tab plate drops loosely
[Price 2d1

page_text: behind the stirrup bar and is of such a length that its lower end will be pressed
upon by the stirrup leather at the point where the latter passes over the lower bar
of the rectangular loop, whereby the plate will be kept in its place by downward
pressure on the stirrup. The stirrup bar is provided with the ordinary safety
spring latch at the end (but has no upper bar as sometimes used) and is attached
to the saddle tree in the ordinary way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL APPARATUS FOR IGNITING GAS, THE SAID APPARATUS OR PORTIONS THEREOF BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Adam Koerber at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June 1883.
JOHN ADAM KOERBER, of 44 Frith Street, Soho, in the County of Middlesex,
Electrician, "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL APPARATUS FOR IGNITING GAS, THE
SAID APPARATUS OR PORTIONS THEREOF BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
دو
My invention relates primarily to a portable apparatus for igniting gas by means
of electricity. The apparatus consists of a zinc vessel containing, by preference, a
battery of the agglomerate type. The vessel is charged with the usual exciting
liquid, such as a solution of sal ammoniac, and is securely closed at the top by a lid.
The carbon pole of the battery extends to within a short distance of the lid or a
projection beneath same; and immediately above the said carbon is a spring-
mounted contact-plate, capable of being pressed, by means of a thumb-knob, into
contact with the carbon. The contact-plate communicates with a wire or other
conductor mounted above the lid of the main vessel. This conductor is enclosed
within, but insulated from, a metal tube, or other envelope of conducting material,
also mounted on the lid of the vessel. At the upper end of the tube communication
is made, by means of a fine platinum wire, between the enclosed conductor and the
body of the tube. According to this construction, it will be understood that one
pole of the battery consists of the zinc vessel, lid and upper tube; whilst the other
pole is constituted by the material forming the positive pole of the battery, the
carbon conductor and the wire rod (when connected) coinmunicating with the
platinum wire. On the thumb-knob being pressed and contact established between
the carbon and the upper conductor, the circuit is completed and the platinum wire
is raised to a temperature sufficient to ignite hydrogen gas; the whole apparatus
being however light, compact and simple in construction.
According to a modification of the apparatus, the upper portion, constituting the
lighting apparatus, may be dispensed with; and the current resulting on the
formation of the circuit employed for operating a trembling bell, or for other light
duties of a similar description.
The apparatus, being portable, is also conveniently adapted for testing purposes.