Improvements in Speed Changing Transmission Gear.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 20th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 5th Nov., 1898
Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 20th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 5th Nov., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Speed Changing Transmission Gear.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by La Société Anonyme des Anciens Etablissement
Panhard et Levassor, of 19, Avenue d'Irvy, Paris, in the Republic of France).
to be as follows;
This invention relates to a mechanical device, by which the speed of a shaft,
driven by a main or motor-shaft revolving at a constant speed, can be changed at
will, as hereinafter set forth.
The essential feature of the invention consists in keying, upon the driving shaft
a number of gear wheels of different diameters, which wheels are in constant gear
with corresponding gear wheels mounted loosely on the driven shaft, means being
provided to admit of either of them being connected rigidly to the said driven
shaft. The speed imparted to the said shaft will be dependent upon the ratio of
the diameters of the wheel on the driven shaft which is thus keyed or fixed thereto
and that of the corresponding wheel of the driving shaft.
The following is an arrangement according to this invention. The driving and
driven shafts are arranged parallel with each other the driving shaft running at
a constant speed, whereas the driven shaft is, or may be, required to rotate at
different speeds. The driving shaft carries a number of wheels, decreasing in
diameter and keyed on to the said shaft. Each of the said wheels is in constant
gear with corresponding wheels of increasing diameter and mounted loosely on
the driven shaft, which shaft is bored and receives in this bore, under slight
friction a semi-cylindrical guide. In this guide is cut a groove which is interrupted
at a point above and below. The edges of the groove, in the top part are cut like
a whistle at the point of interruption so as to form inclined planes. The bottom
part of the recess formed by the said interruption is occupied by a claw provided
with inclined planes and carried by a spring. Upon the driven shaft are mortices
equal in number to that of the wheels thereon and cut in the central plane of
these wheels. Each mortice receives a locking bar or catch held in place by means
of a nipple provided with a friction piece entering the groove of the guide bar.
The locking bars thus held in position, do not form any projection upon the surface
of the driven shaft.
By longitudinally displacing the guide, the claw is successively passed against
each locking bar. Under the action of the spring, the claw acts on the locking
bar by the intermediary of the nipple and nipple friction piece and causes the
said locking bar to project beyond the surface of the driven shaft. The wheels
on the driven shaft are internally furnished with teeth forming between them
recesses into one of which the locking bar enters. In this position the wheel
which has thus been locked by the locking bar or catch actuates the driven shaft
at the speed communicated to it by the corresponding wheel, keyed on the driving
shaft.

page_text: When the guide is moved longitudinally from this position the inclined plane
forming the opening in the interruption in the aforesaid groove acts upon the
nipple of the nipple friction piece, and causes the locking bar or catch to descend
and thus disengages the wheel previously locked.
By simply moving the guide longitudinally either of the wheels on the driven
shaft can be locked and any desired speed for which the wheels are arranged be
thus communicated to the driven shaft, which speed is dependent upon the ratio
between the diameters of the wheels on the driving and driven shafts respectively.
The movement of the guide may be effected by any suitable mechanical means;
for example by a bifurcated end of an arm mounted on a shaft which bifurcated
end engages a groove in the end of the guide. The rotary motion of the said
shaft which can be imparted to it by a lever, causes the guide to be longitudinally
displaced. On so operating the lever as to pass the opening formed by the interrup-
tion in the guide to between two adjacent wheels, none of the wheels of the driven
shaft will be made fast to the said shaft so that the latter being unconnected to
the driving shaft, will be stationary.
Between the bosses of the wheels on the driven shaft and that shaft are inter-
posed rings forcibly driven in at either side of the teeth. The proper condition
as to friction of the non-locked wheels upon the driven shaft is thus ensured.
Owing to the arrangement of the spring, the guide can, without difficulty, be
passed into that position which corresponds to the required speed although the
corresponding catch may not immediately enter one of the recesses, which separate
the teeth, but as the wheels on the driven shaft always rotate at a speed corre-
sponding to that of the said shaft, a recess quickly comes opposite the locking
bar or catch which, under the thrusting action of the spring, causes the wheel
to be locked in conformity with the speed, required.
As the driving shaft is driven by the motor and rotates at a constant speed,
the lever which imparts the angular movement to the shaft which carries the guide
shifter is so acted upon as to cause the connecting rod and consequently the guide,
to occupy the position which corresponds to the speed, desired, or one of the inter-
mediate positions corresponding to the position of rest of the driven shaft.
DOLL
1007
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Speed Changing Transmission Gear.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by La Société Anonyme des Anciens Etablissement
Panhard et Levassor, of 19, Avenue d'Irvy, Paris, in the Republic of France)
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to a mechanical device, by which the speed of a shaft,
driven by a main or motor-shaft revolving at a constant speed, can be changed at
will, as hereinafter set forth.
The essential feature of the invention consists in keying upon the driving shaft
a number of gear wheels of different diameters, which wheels are in constant gear
with corresponding gear wheels mounted loosely on the driven shaft means being

page_text: provided to admit of any of them being connected rigidly to the said driven
shaft. The speed imparted to the said shaft will be dependent upon the ratio of
the diameters of the wheel on the driven shaft which is thus keyed or fixed thereto
and that of the corresponding wheel of the driving shaft.
In order that this invention may be readily understood I "will describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figures 1 and 2 are longitudinal sections of the device, at right angles to each
other.
Figure 3 is a cross section, on the line, A B, Figures 1 and 2, of the driven shaft
and the device for keying the wheels thereto. In this figure, the wheel is repre-
sented in its locked position, in which, therefore, it is rigid with the driven shaft.
Figure 4 is a perspective view shewing the nave of one of the wheels of the
driven shaft.
In the different figures, the same numerals denote the same or similar parts.
1 is the main or driving shaft and 2 is the driven shaft. The shaft 1 which
may, for example, be presumed to be connected to a petroleum motor, runs at a
constant speed, whereas the shaft 2 is, or may be, required to rotate at different
speeds. The shaft 1 carries a number of wheels (3, 4, 5, 5ª), decreasing in diameter
and keyed on to the shaft 1. Each of the said wheels is in constant gear with
corresponding wheels (6, 7, 8, 8ª) of increasing diameter and mounted loosely on
the shaft 2, which shaft 2 is bored and receives in this bore, under slight friction
a semi-cylindrical guide bar 9. In this guide is cut a groove which is interrupted
at a point 10 above and below. The edges of the groove, in the top part are
inclined or cut like a whistle at the point of interruption 10 so as to form inclined
planes 17 (see Figure 1.) At the lower part of the said groove the said interrup-
tion 10 is occupied by a claw or projection 11 provided with inclined planes and
carried by a spring 12. Mortises 16 equal in number to that of the wheels 6, 7,
8, 8" are cut in the central plane of these wheels, each of the said mortises 16
receiving a locking bar or catch 13 held in place by means of a nipple provided
with an anti-friction roller 14 entering the groove of the guide bar 9.
The locking
bars when thus held in position, do not project beyond the surface of the driven
shaft 2 (see Figure 3).
-
By longitudinally displacing the guide bar 9, the claw or projection 11 is suc-
cessively passed against each of the rollers 14 on the locking bars 13. Under
the action of the spring 12, the claw 11 acts on the locking bar 13 by the inter-
mediary of the anti-friction roller 14 and causes the said locking bar 13 to pro-
ject beyond the surface of the driven shaft 2 (see more especially Figures 1 and 3).
The wheels 6, 7, 8, 8" on the driven shaft are internally furnished with teeth or
projections 15 forming between them the aforesaid mortises 16 into which the
locking bars 13 (Figure 4) enter. In this position the wheel 6 for example which
has thus been locked by the locking bar or catch 13 actuates the driven shaft 2
at the speed communicated to it by the corresponding wheel 3 keyed on the
driving shaft 1.
When the guide bar 9 is moved longitudinally from the position shewn the
inclined plane 17 of the opening or interruption 10 in the aforesaid groove acts
upon the anti-friction roller 14, and causes the locking bar or catch 13 to descend
and thus disengage the wheel 6 previously locked.
By simply moving the guide bar 9, longitudinally either of the wheels 6, 7, 8,
or 8 can be locked and any desired speed for which the wheels are arranged be
thus communicated to the driven shaft 2, which speed is dependent upon the
ratio between the diameters of the wheels 3, 4, 5 and 5* and the wheels 6, 7, 8,
and 8.
means.
The movement of the guide bar 9 may be effected by any suitable mechanical
In the example illustrated the bifurcated end 21 of an arm 19, mounted
on a shaft 20, engages a groove in the end of the guide bar 9. The oscillating
motion of the shaft 20 which can be imparted to it by a lever, not shewn in the
drawing, causes the arm 19 and the guide bar 9 to be longitudinally displaced

page_text: from the position 21 to the position 19' 21'. On operating the lever 19 so as
to bring the interruption 10 of the guide bar 9 between two adjacent wheels, none
of the wheels of the driven shaft 2 will be made fast to the said shaft so that the
latter, being unconnected to the driving shaft, will be stationary.
Between the bosses of the wheels 6, 7, 8, 8" and the shaft 2 on which they
are mounted are interposed rings 22 (Figures 1, 2 and 4) forcibly driven in at
either side of the teeth or projections 15. The proper condition as to friction
of the non-locked wheels upon the shaft 2 is thus ensured. Owing to the arrange-
ment of the spring 12, the guide bar 9 can, without difficulty, be passed into
that position which corresponds to the required speed although the corresponding
catch 13 may not immediately enter one of the mortises 16 which separate the
teeth or projections 15, but as the wheels 6, 7, 8 8ª always rotate at a speed corre-
sponding to that of the shaft 2, a recess 16 quickly comes opposite the locking
bar or catch 13, which, under the thrusting action of the spring 12, causes the
wheel to be locked in conformity with the speed, required.
As the driving shaft 1 is rotated by the motor and revolves at a constant speed,
the lever which imparts the angular movement to the shaft 20, is so acted upon
as to cause the connecting rod 19 and consequently the guide bar 9, to occupy
the position which corresponds to the speed desired, or one of the intermediate
positions corresponding to the position of rest of the shaft 2.
In the accompanying drawings the guide 9 is shewn thrust right home to the
end of its path, which position corresponds to the maximum speed of the driven
shaft 2. When the lever and guide have been brought to the position 191, 211,
the driven shaft 2 rotates at the minimum speed, since, in this case, the largest
wheel of this shaft gears with the smallest wheel of the driving shaft 1.
I do not limit myself to the number of wheels or other precise details illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is: —
1. The apparatus for changing the speed imparted to a driven shaft from a
driving shaft, consisting of the combination of two systems or sets of wheels
constantly in gear with each other, one set or system being keyed on the driving
shaft, whilst either of the wheels of the other set or system can be fixed to the
driven shaft; substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In apparatus for changing the speed imparted to a shaft two sets or systems
of wheels, constantly in gear, one set or system being keyed on to the driving
shaft, whilst those of the other set or system are mounted loosely on the driven
shaft, and means for fixing to the driven shaft either of the wheels thereon, the
said means consisting of a longitudinally moveable grooved guide bar provided
with inclined planes and a thrust-spring acting upon devices for locking the
respective wheels to the driven shaft, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of September 1898.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.