Improvements in the Mode of and Machinery for Fixing or Fastening Card Clothing to Revolving Card Flats.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 31st May, 1889-Accepted, 6th July, 1839
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by THE MECHANISCHE KRALZENFABRIK ACTIEN.
GESELLSCHAFT, of Mittweida, in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of
Germany.]
Improvements in the Mode of and Machinery for Fixing or Fastening
Card Clothing to Revolving Card Flats.
1
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Breams Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows
The well known carding engines with revolving flats are constructed with 50.
to 110 separate flats, of which about one third only are in working position at one
time, and the more flats there are contained in one carding engine, the more of them
will of course be in working position, and will form working surface for the carding
process. It is however a fact that the increased number of such flats will cause
a decrease in the width of each individual flat, this width of the working surface of
each flat being furthermore decreased by the method hitherto in use of fixing the card
clothing on the flats by means of lead rivets. The present invention has for its object
to so secure the clothing to the flat, as to avoid having a decreased width of the
working surface of each flat.-The object in view is obtained by fixing the card clothing
longitudinally of the flat by means of wire, formed into a continuous row of clamps,
and extending uninterruptedly throughout the entire length of the flat.-This method
of fixing or fastening the card clothing will allow of increasing this clothing in width
without increasing the width of the flat itself, such increased width of working surface
being of essential importance in the carding process, as with a given number of
flats, the increased working surface will produce an improved yield of the fibrous
material under treatment.
A further advantage of this improved method of fixing or fastening the carding
clothing, will result from the clothing being kept straight and tight over the entire
surface of the flat by means of the uninterrupted row of clamps, there being no
intermediate length of the clothing, which is not bound or fastened down to the flat,
as is the case with the lead rivet system, which allows the parts of the clothing
between the rivets becoming slightly loose, thus causing an irregularity in the
position of the wire teeth, such irregularity having injurious consequences in the
carding operation.
For fixing or fastening the card clothing upon the flat, a machine is employed
which is provided with two sets of pairs of pincers or tongs, by means of which the
piece of card clothing is kept uniformly straight or tight in its entire length and
width, while the flat to be covered is pressed against the back of the clothing by
means of excentrics for such period as is required to make the holes in the clothing
corresponding to those of the flat, to receive the wire forming the continuous row of
clamps. The flat being thus attached to the clothing, and the latter being always
in its straight and tight position between the tongs or pincers, these two parts, viz.,
flat and clothing, are turned over into such position that the binding wires rest in
their entire length upon angle irons, which perform the duty of anvils, so that the
clamp ends protruding at the back of the flat may readily he bent or rivetted down,
thus uniting the flat and card clothing in a most perfect manner.

page_text: As the means for fixing the wires require but a very insignificant space of the
clothing surface, the working surface of each clothing may, compared with the
clothing on flats of the same widths fixed by lead rivets, according to old method, be
increased for about 4 in width, which will form a considerable increase in the
working surface of the total of flats.
A flat carrier on which the horizontal parts of the flat rest, is mounted within two
fixed side guides, so as to be capable of an upward movement by means of two
concentrics, as before mentioned, keyed upon a shaft, which may be turned by a hand
wheel in its bearings provided in the lower part of the guides. The entire upper
part of the machine is hinged on the fulcrum pins or studs to the lower part of the
frame, so that it may be turned over to bring the wires onto the anvils.-This upper
part of the machine consists mainly of two frames, one at each end of the machine,
each frame carrying two supports, which may be shifted in opposite directions by
means of a screw spindle provided with right and left hand threads.-Again, each
frame carries one support in its middle part, which may be shifted by means of a
screw in a direction at right angles to the movement of the supports. These latter
supports carry, and are connected by the pair of pincers or tongs, one pair on each
side of centre line of the machine, by which arrangement the two frames at opposite
ends of the machine are also connected; the central supports carry each a second pair
of tongs or pincers.
The two first pairs of pincers or tongs take or grip the longer sides of the card
clothing, while the other two pairs of pincers or tongs take or grip the shorter sides
of the card clothing.
If, now, a flat provided with a row of holes near its longer sides is to be provided
with card clothing, said flat is inserted in a recess of the flat carrier; then the card
clothing, with the wire teeth uppermost, is gripped or taken by the tongs or pincers,
and is straightened or tightened by shifting the two sets of supports by means of the
screw spindles. The flat is then pressed, by means of the excentrics, towards the
back or lower surface of the card clothing. This latter, in the said position, is now
pierced with holes, corresponding to those in the flat, and the continuous row of the
wire clamps is inserted into these holes of the card clothing and of the flat.-The
apper framing is then turned over until the card clothing, with total length of wire
on its two sides, rests on the anvils, for the subsequent bending and rivetting down of
the clamp wires protruding from the flat. After this bending or rivetting has been
completed, the tongs are opened, and the rigidly connected flat, with its card clothing,
is taken from the machine, and the framing and its appendix are then returned into
their normal position.
The anvils may be made movable to, and from each other, so as to make their
position suitable for any width of flats and of card.clothing.
Dated this 6th day of Sont aber 1888
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Fixing or Fastening Card Clothing
to Revolving Card Flats.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
45
The present invention has for its object to secure card clothing to the flats of 50
carding engines in an efficient and economical manner.
The card clothing is fixed longitudinally of the flat, and on both sides, by means
of wire, formed into a continuous row of clamps, and extending uninterruptedy
throughout the entire length of the flat..

page_text: ot
For fixing or fastening the card clothing upon the flat, a machine is employed
which is provided with two sets of pairs of pincers or tongs, by means
which the piece of card clothing is kept uniformly straight, or tight, in its entire
length and width, while the flat to be covered is pressed against the back of the
clothing, by means of excentrics, for such period as is required to make the holes in
the clothing (corresponding to those of the flat), to receive the wire forming the
continuous row of clamps.
The flat being thus attached to the clothing, and the latter being always in its
straight and tight position between the tongs or pincers, these two parts, viz. flat and
clothing, are turned over into such position that the binding wires rest, in their entire
length, upon angle irons, which perform the duty of anvils, so that the clamp ends
protruding at the back of the flat may readily be bent or rivetted down, thus uniting..
the flat and card clothing in a most perfect manner.
In the accompanying drawings,. Fig. 1. shews, in side view, the continuous clamp
for fastening the flat and the clothing together, which consists of a flat wire a, bent
in such manner, that it constitutes a continuous row of clamps. Such bent wire or
row of clamps is applied in the machine above mentioned longitudinally on each side
of the card clothing, the clamp shanks being inserted through the holes of the card
clothing, b, and through the corresponding holes of the flat c, after which the ends of
the clamps, protruding through the flat holes, are clinched to fix the card clothing as
clearly shown in the side view, fig. 2, in the cross section, Fig. 3, and in the top view; .
fig: 4.
The machine for performing the fitting or fixing operation, is shown in Fig. 5,
in end view, in fig. 6, side view, partly in section, and fig. 7, top view.
d is the flat carrier provided with a suitable deep slot to take the rib of the flat c,
the horizontal parts of the flat resting upon the carrier d. The carrier is mounted
within two fixed side guides e, so as to be capable of an upward movement by means
of two excentrics keyed upon a shaft g. This shaft may be turned by a hand-wheel
in its bearings, provided in the lower part of the guides e. is the lower fixed frame of
the machine, to which, with the exception of the guides e, and shaft g, with eccentrics f,
the entire upper part of the machine is hinged on the fulcrum pins or studs i, so
that it may be turned over, to bring the wires onto the anvils as shewn in dotted
lines (Fig. 5). This upper part of the machine consists mainly of two frames ¹,
one at each end of the machine, carrying two supports 1, which may be shifted in
opposite directions by means of a screw spindle k, provided with right and left hand
threads. Again, each frame ¹ carries one support n in its middle part, which may
be shifted by means of a screw m, in a direction at right angles to the movement of tho
supports. These latter supports I carry the pair of pincers or tongs o, o, one pair
on each side of centre line of machine, by which arrangement the two frames ',
at opposite ends of the machine, are also connected. The central supports n, n carry
each a second pair of tongs or pincers p p.
The two first pairs of pincers or tongs o, o, take or grip the longer sides of the
card clothing, while the other two pairs of pincers or tongs p p take or grip the shorter
sides of the card clothing.
If, now, a flat, provided with a row of holes near the edges of its longer sides, is
to be provided with card clothing, said flat is inserted, with its rib, in a recess of
the flat carrier d; then the card clothing, with the wire teeth uppermost, is gripped
or taken by the tongs or pincers o, o and pp, and is straightened or tightened by
shifting the two sets of supports 1, 2 and n, n, by means of the screw spindles h and m.
The flat c is then pressed, by means of the excentrics f, towards the back or lower
surface of the card clothing b.-This latter, in the said position, is now pierced with
holes, corresponding to those in the flat, and the continuous row of the wire clamps
is inserted into these holes of the card clothing and of the flat. The extremities of
the flat are then secured to the card clothing, say, by bending back a few of the
protruding clamp ends, so that if the excentrics are turned so as to lower the flat
carrier, the flat will be supported underneath the tightly kept card clothing. The
upper framing, with all the pincers or tongs, and with the card clothing and

page_text: flat, is then turned over on the fulcrum i, from the position shewn in full lines,
figure 5, into that shewn in dotted lines (same figure), until the card clothing, with
the wire on its two sides, rests on the anvils 7, 9. for the subsequent rivetting down of
the clamp wires protruding beyond the flat. When this bending or rivetting has
been completed, the tongs are opened, and the rigidly connected flat, with its card
clothing, is taken from the machine, and the framing and its accessories are then
returned into their normal position. The anvils qq may be made moveable to and
from each other, so as to make their position suitable for any width of flats and of
card clothing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to mo
from abroad by my foreign correspondents, I declare what I claim is :-
In a machine for fixing or fastening card clothing such as above described to card
flats, the combination of adjustable tongs o, o, p, p, which take hold of the card
clothing, and tighten the same in two directions; a flat carrier d, arranged to be
raised within guides, so as to press the flat c against the back or underside of the
stretched or tightened card clothing b, whilo making holes in the latter, and
inserting the clamp, an upper framing carrying the tongs or pincers o, o, p, p, and
capable of being turned on a fulcrum i on to an anvil, and an anvil q, q, upon which
the protruding shanks of the binding wire are rivetted down, as herein shown and
described.
Dated this 31st day of May 1880
NEWTON & SON;
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left. 31st May, 1889-Accepted, 6th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by THE MECHANISCHE KRALZENFABRIK ACTIEN
GESELLSCHAFT, of Mittweida, in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of
Germany.]
Improvements in the Mode of and Machinery for Fixing or Fastening
Card Clothing to Revolving Card Flats.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Breams Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The well known carding engines with revolving flats are constructed with 80
to 110 separate flats, of which about one third only are in working position at one
time, and the more flats there are contained in one carding engine, the more of them
will of course be in working position, and will form working surface for the carding
process. It is however a fact that the increased number of such flats will cause
a decrease in the width of each individual flat, this width of the working surface of
each flat being furthermore decreased by the method hitherto in use of fixing the card
clothing on the flats by means of lead rivets. The present invention has for its object.
to so secure the clothing to the flat, as to avoid having a decreased width of the
working surface of each flat.-The object in view is obtained by fixing the card clothing
longitudinally of the flat by means of wire, formed into a continuous row of clamps,
and extending uninterruptedly throughout the entire length of the flat. This method
of fixing or fastening the card clothing will allow of increasing this clothing in width
without increasing the width of the flat itself, such increased width of working surface
being of essential importance in the carding process, as with a given number of
flats, the increased working surface will produce an improved yield of the fibrous
material under treatment.
A further advantage of this improved method of fixing or fastening the carding
clothing, will result from the clothing being kept straight and tight over the entire
surface of the flat-by means of the uninterrupted row of clamps, there being no
intermediate length of the clothing, which is not bound or fastened down to the flat,
as is the case with the lead rivet system, which allows the parts of the clothing
between the rivets becoming slightly loose, thus causing an irregularity in the
position of the wire teeth, such irregularity having injurious consequences in the
carding operation.
For fixing or fastening the card clothing upon the flat, a machine is employed
which is provided with two sets of pairs of pincers or tongs, by means of which the
piece of card clothing is kept uniformly straight or tight in its entire length and
width, while the. flat to be covered is pressed against the back of the clothing by
means of excentrics for such period as is required to make the holes in the clothing
corresponding to those of the flat, to receive the wire forming the continuous row of
clamps. The flat being thus attached to the clothing, and the latter being always
in its straight and tight position between the tongs or pincers, these two parts, viz.,
flat and clothing, are turned over into such position that the binding wires rest in
their entire length upon angle irons, which perform the duty of anvils, so that the
clamp ends protruding at the back of the flat may readily be bent or rivetted down,
thus uniting the flat and card clothing in a most perfect manner.
As the means for fixing the wires require but a very insignificant space of the
clothing surface, the working surface of each clothing may, compared with the
clothing on flats of the same widths fixed by lead rivets, according to old method, be
increased for about 4 / in width, which will form a considerable increase in the
working surface of the total of flats.
A flat carrier on which the horizontal parts of the flat rest, is mounted within two .

page_text: fixed side guides, so as to be capable of an upward movement by means of two
concentrics, as before mentioned, keyed upon a shaft, which may be turned by a hand
wheel in its bearings provided in the lower part of the guides.
The entire upper
part of the machine is, hinged on the fulcrum pins or studs to the lower part of the
frame, so that it may be turned over to bring the wires onto the anvils. This upper
part of the machine consists mainly of two frames, one at each end of the machine,
each frame carrying two supports, which may be shifted in opposite directions by
means of a screw spindle provided with right and left hand threads. Again, each
frame carries one support in its middle part, which may be shifted by means of a
screw in a direction at right angles to the movement of the supports. These latter
supports carry, and are connected by the pair of pincers or tongs, one pair on each
side of centre line of the machine, by which arrangement the two frames at opposite
ends of the machine are also connected; the. central supports carry each a second pair
of tongs or pincers.
The two first pairs of pincers or tongs take or grip the longer sides of the card
clothing, while the other two pairs of pincers or tongs take or grip the shorter sides
of the card clothing.
If, now, a flat provided with a row of holes near its longer sides is to be provided
with card clothing, said flat is inserted in a recess of the flat carrier; then the card
clothing, with the wire teeth uppermost, is gripped or taken by the tongs or pincers,
and is straightened or tightened by shifting the two sets of supports by means of the
screw spindles. The flat is then pressed, by means of the excentrics, towards the
back or lower surface of the card clothing. This latter, in the said position, is now
pierced with holes, corresponding to those in the flat, and the continuous row of the
wire clamps is inserted into these holes of the card clothing and of the flat. The
upper framing is then turned over until the card clothing, with total length of wire
on its two sides, rests on the anvils, for the subsequent bending and rivetting down of
the clamp wires protruding from the flat. After this bending or rivetting has been
completed, the tongs are opened, and the rigidly connected flat, with its card clothing,
is taken from the machine, and the framing and its appendix are then returned into
their normal position.
The anvils may be made movable to and from each other, so as to make their
position suitable for any width of flats and of card clothing..
Dated this 6th day of September 1888
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Mode of and Machinery for Fixing or Fastening
Card Clothing to Revolving Card Flats.
I HENRY EDWARD, NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6. Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to, be performed, to he
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The well known carding engines with revolving flats are constructed with 80
to 110 separate flats, of which about one third only are in working position at one
time and the more flats there are contained in one carding engine, the more of them
will of course be in working position, and will form working surface for the carding
process. It is, however, a fact that the increased number of such flats will cause a
decrease in the width of each individual flat, this width of the working surface of.
each flat being furthermore decreased by the method hitherto in use of fixing the
card clothing on the flats by means of lead rivets.
The present invention has for its object to so secure the clothing to the flat, as to
avoid having a decreased width of the working surface of each flat.
The object in view is obtained by fixing the card clothing. longitudinally of the
flat, and on both sides, by means of wire, formed into. a. continuous row of clamps,

page_text: and extending uninterruptedy throughout the entire length of the flat-This method
of fixing or fastening the card clothing will allow of an increase in the width of this
clothing without increasing the width of the flat itself, such increased width of
working surface being of essential importance in the carding process, as, with a given
number of flats, the increased working surface will produce an improved yield of the
fibrous material under treatment.
A further advantage of this improved method of fixing or fastening the carding
clothing will result from the clothing being kept straight and tight over the entire
surface of the flat, by means of the uninterrupted row of clamps, there being no.
intermediate length of the clothing, which is not bound or fastened down to the flat,
as is the case with the lead rivet system, which allows the parts of the clothing
between the rivets to become loose, thus causing an irregularity in the position of
the wire teeth, such irregularity having injurious consequences in the carding
operation.
For fixing or fastening the card clothing upon the flat, a machine is employed
which is provided with two sets of pairs of pincers or tongs, by means of
which the piece of card clothing is kept uniformly straight, or tight, in its entire
length and width, while the flat to be covered is pressed against the back of the
clothing, by means of excentrics, for such period as is required to make the holes in
the clothing (corresponding to those of the flat), to receive the wire forming the
continuous row of clamps."
:
The flat being thus attached to the clothing, and the latter being always in its
straight and tight position between the tongs or pincers, these two parts, viz. flat and
clothing, are turned over into such position that the binding wires rest, in their entire
length, upon angle irons, which perform the duty of anvils, so that the clamp ends
protruding at the back of the flat may readily be bent or rivetted down, thus uniting
the flat and card clothing in a most perfect manner.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1. shews, in side view, the means for fastening
the flat and the clothing together. The means consist of a flat wire a, which is bent
in such manner, that it constitutes a continuous row of clamps. Such bent wire or
row of clamps is applied in the machine above mentioned longitudinally on eacli' side
of the card clothing, the clamp shanks being inserted through the holes of the card
clothing, b, and through the corresponding holes of the flat c, after which the ends of
the clamps, protruding through the flat holes, are bent so as to fix the card clothing.
This method is clearly shown in the side view, fig. 2, in the cross section, Fig. 3,
and in the top view, fig. 1. As each of the two wires consists of a continuous length,
they will fix the card clothing in a uniform good and solid manner, and the loosening
of the wire teeth will be perfectly excluded." After the fixing has been accomplished,
the clothing is freed from the tongs or pincers. As the means for fixing the wires
require but an insignificant space of the clothing surface, the working surface of each
clothing. may, compared with the clothing on flats of the same widths, fixed by
lead rivets, according to old method, be increased by about 4 in width which
will forn a considerable increase in the working surface of the total of flats.
In this method of fixing, it is not a matter of necessity that the holes in the flat
should correspond exactly with the distances of the wire clamp shanks, as the wire,
without the risk of breaking, will readily accommodate itself to any differences in the
position of the holes.
The machine for performing the fitting or fixing operation, is shewn in Fig. 5,
in end view, in fig. 6, side view, partly in section, and fig. 7, top view.
d is the flat carrier provided with a suitable deep slot to take the rib of the flat c,
the horizontal parts of the flat resting upon the carrier d. The carrier is mounted
within two fixed side guides e, so as to be capable of an upward movement by means
of two excentrics keyed upon a shaft g. This shaft may be turned by a hand-wheel
in its bearings, provided in the lower part of the guides e. h is the lower fixed frame of
the machine, to which, with the exception of the guides e, and shaft g, with eccentrics f,
the entire upper part of the machine is hinged on the fulcrum pins or studs i, so
that it may be turned over, to bring the wires onto the anvils as shewn in dotted
.

page_text: lines (Fig. 5). This upper part of the machine consists mainly of two frames h',
one at each end of the machine, carrying two supports 1, which may be shifted in
opposite directions by means of a screw spindle k, provided with right and left hand
threads. Again, each frame carries one support n in its middle part, which may
be shifted by means of a screw m, in a direction at right angles to the movement of the
supports. These latter supports 11 carry the pair of pincers or tongs o, o, one pair
on each side of centre line of machine, by which arrangement the two frames h²,
at opposite ends of the machine, are also connected. The central supports n, n carry
each a second pair of tongs or pincers p p.
The two first pairs of pincers or tongs o, o, take or grip the longer sides of the
card clothing, while the other two pairs of pincers or tongs p p take or grip the shorter
sides of the card clothing.
If, now, a flat, provided with a row of holes near the edges of its longer sides, is
to be provided with card clothing, said flat is inserted, with its rib, in a recess of
the flat carrier d; then the card clothing, with the wire teeth uppermost, is gripped
or taken by the tongs or pincers o, o and p p, and is straightened or tightened by
shifting the two sets of supports 1, 1 and n, n, by means of the screw spindles and m.
The flat c is then pressed, by means of the excentrics f, towards the back or lower
surface of the card clothing b.-This latter, in the said position, is now pierced with
holes, corresponding to those in the flat, and the continuous row of the wire clamps
is inserted into these holes of the card clothing and of the flat. The extremities of
the flat are then secured to the card clothing, say, by bending back a few of the
protruding clamp ends, so that if the excentrics are turned so as to lower the flat
carrier, the flat will be supported underneath the tightly kept card clothing. The
upper framing, with all the pincers or tongs, and with the card clothing and
flat, is then turned over on the fulcrum i, from the position shewn in full lines,
figure 5, into that shewn in dotted lines (same figure), until the card clothing, with
the wire on its two sides, rests on the anvils q, q. for the subsequent rivetting down of
the clamp wires protruding beyond the flat. When this bending or rivetting has
been completed, the tongs are opened, and the rigidly connected flat, with its card
clothing, is taken from the machine, and the framing and its accessories are then
returned into their normal position. The anvils qq may be made moveable to and
from each other, so as to make their position suitable for any width of flats and of
card clothing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
from abroad by my foreign correspondents, I declare what I claim is :-
1. The mode of fixing or. fastening card clothing to revolving flats as herein
described, and consisting in the use of a length of wire a, bent into a continuous
row of clamps, which are inserted through the card clothing b, and through the flat c,
longitudinally, and on both sides thereof, parts of the shanks of the clamps protruding
beyond the flat, at the back of which they are rivetted, in such manner, that the wire
causes a uniform and secure fixing of the card clothing on the entire length. of the
flat, as shewn with reference to Figs. 1 to 4.
2. In a machine for fixing or fastening the card clothing to the card flat, the
combination of adjustable tongs o, o, p, p, which take hold of the card clothing, and
tighten the same in two directions; a flat carrier d, arranged to be raised within
guides, so as to press the flat e against the back or underside of the stretched or
tightened card clothing b, while making holes in the latter, and inserting the clamp,
an upper framing carrying the tongs or pincers o, o, p, p, and capable of being turned
on a fulcrum i on to an anvil, and an anvil 9, 9, upon which the protruding shanks
of the binding wire are rivetted down, as herein shown and described.
Dated this 31st day of May 1889
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.