IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES FOR STEAM WATER GAS OR OTHER LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS"
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Aaron Bradshaw of Accrington in the County of Lancaster
Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES FOR
STEAM WATER GAS OR OTHER LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Aaron Bradshaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th December 1882.
AARON BRADSHAW of Accrington in the County of Lancaster Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES FOR STEAM WATER, GAS OR OTHER LIQUIDS
AND FLUIDS
"
The object of this my said invention is that by mechanical expansion of part of
the cock or valve to compensate for expansion by heat so as to maintain the same
parts of the barrel and plug in contact and thus prevent leakage.
In the construction of cocks or valves according to this my said invention
I employ a tube of metal vulcanite or other like material inside the body or barrel
of the cock or valve the said tube has passage ways in its side or sides to suit the
passage ways in body of cock or valve the external dimensions of the before named
tube are made to fit the internal bore of body or barrel of cock or valve and may
be taper of parallel the external surface of the said tube is ground to the internal
surface of the barrel of cock or valve in such manner that when so ground the
end of said tube shall bear lightly on bottom of barrel of cock The internal surface
of the before named tube is bored taper and concentric with its external surface.
The thickness of the tube is made proportionate to its diameter.
Inside the tube I fit a taper plug so made that the passage of steam gas water or
fluid is not obstructed thereby.
This plug has a screw arrangement on it so that its taper part may be made to
press on the inner surface of the said tube at the same time projections or lugs on
the taper plug take hold of the tube whereby the tube can be rotated by means of
the said taper plug and spindle To enable the taper plug to expand the tube, the
said tube is cut through or slit on one side, by this means the amount of pressure
by the external surface of tube on the internal surface of the body or barrel of cock
or valve can be perfectly regulated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Aaron Bradshaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th June
1883.
"
AARON BRADSHAW Engineer, Accrington in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS OR VALVES FOR STEAM, GAS, WATER OR
OTHER LIQUIDS."
The object of this my said invention is that by mechanical expansion of part of
the cock or valve to compensate for expansion by heat and by wear caused through
opening and closing cock so as to maintain the same parts of the barrel and plug in
contact and thus prevent breakage and leakage.
In the construction of cocks or valves according to this my said invention
I employ a tube of metal vulcanite or like material inside the body or barrel of the
cock or valve, the said tube has passage ways in its side or sides to suit the
passage ways in body of cock or valve the external dimensions of the before named
tube are made to fit the internal bore of body or barrel of cock or valve and may
be taper or parallel the external surface of the said tube is ground to the internal
surface of the barrel of cock or valve in such manner that when so ground the end
of the said tube shall bear lightly on bottom or top of barrel of cock. The internal
surface of the before named tube is bored taper and concentric with its external
surface, the thickness of the tube is made proportionate to its diameter-Inside the
tube 1 fit a taper plug so inade that the passage of steam gas water or fluid is not
obstructed thereby, this plug has a screw arrangement on it, so that its taper
part may be made to press on the inner surface of the said tube at the same time
projections or lugs on the taper plug take hold of the tube, whereby the tube can
be rotated by means of the said taper plug and spindle-To enable the taper plug
to expand the tube, the said tube is cut through or slit on one side, by this means
the amount of pressure by the external surface of tube on the internal surface of
the body or barrel of cock or valve can be perfectly regulated.
Such being the nature and object of this my said invention in order that the
same may be fully understood I have hereunto annexed a sheets of drawings in
which the invention is shewn applied to several constructions of cocks or taps, the
drawings comprise general views in section together with ample illustration of
details or parts detached and aided by the following description and reference to
the drawings the invention will be readily and fully understood
Referring now to Fig. 1-At 1 is a taper split tube of metal or vulcanite ground
or turned to fit and placed within the body or valve of the cock 2 and having
passage ways 3 corresponding with the passage ways 4. 4 of barrel or body of the
cock, the lower end of the tube 3 rests slightly on the bottom top or part 5 of the
barrel 2-Inside the split tube 1 is the taper plug 6 its spindle being chased or
screwed at 7 so as by the adjusting nut 8 the said plug will if screwed down
expand the split tube 1 and insure the latter fitting accurately and truly to the
interior of the barrel of the cock and securing perfectly steam water or fluid tight
tap, 9 is a lock nut, 10 the screw cap 11 the gland. 12 the stuffing box piece
chased and screwed in at 12. The taper split tube 1 is fully illustrated by Figs. 2.
3. 4 and it will be seen is provided with recesses 13. 13 within which the wings
or locking pieces 14. 14 of the taper plug 6 (Figs 5 and 6) are received and by
means of which the taper tube 1 is turned in the opening or closing the tap or
cock.
Referring now to Figs 7. 8. 9. 10. 11 and 12 whereby is illustrated a similar tap
and details thereof except in this case the taper plug. 6 is inverted and a screw
cap 10 is screwed upon the underside of the barrel-Fig. 13 shews a like con-
struction of tap the adjustment of the taper plug 6 and split tube 1 being effected

page_text: by means of the set screw 15 passed through the cap on or upon barrel 2 and
having locking nut 9-Fig. 14 is a like construction of tap wherein the taper
plug 6 is adjusted by means of a set screw 15 to the split tube 1, but the split
tube 1 in this case is parallel on its outer diameter-Fig: 15 shews a tap of like
construction but arranged with its inlet and outlet passage ways at right angles,
the plug 6 and split tube 1 being regulated by means of the adjusting nut 8, as
described in relation to Fig: 1-Figs 16. 17. 18 being details.
In plug taps or cocks as heretofore the prevention of leakage has been dependent
upon the ground surfaces of plug and barrel being forced together the lower end
of taper plug being unsupported with consequent excessive wear and tear of both
surfaces and by reason of great variation in thickness of plug and sides of the
barrel unequal expansion in steam taps permitted the plug to drop or change its
position in relation to the barrel so that the "grinding" was speedily worn out and
destroyed and leakage resulting. Whereas in the improved cock or valve as herein
described, it will be seen the ground split tube is in all cases supported, or has a
bearing, on one end, top or bottom, of tube, by the body or outer part of the
cock, thus preventing the two parts changing their relative position because the
tube 1 is by this means prevented from slipping longitudinally in the body or
barrel of the cock. The plug having the double function to fulfill viz: to open
and to close the cock and to take up any slack caused through wear betwixt the
tube 1 and the body or barrel of the cock. The plug 6 may be kept in position in
the tube 1 by means of the adjusting screw in bottom cap of cock as before
described and illustrated in figs 13 and 14 or the said plug may be kept in position
in tube 1 by means of the adjusting nut S as shewn in fig 15 in drawing herewith
securing a perfectly tight yet easily turned cock there being entire absence or
freedom from jamming or wedging of the plug or of the working surface of the
split tube or plug 1 against the surface of the barrel.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my said invention
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect I would have it understood that I claim as my
invention
The improvement in cock or valves wherein is used in combination a split tube
and a plug as illustrated and for purpose herein described.
In witness whereof I the said Aaron Bradshaw have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty sixth day of June in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three
Witness
WALTER BRIERLEY
Patent Agent
Halifax & Blackburn
AARON BRADSHAW (L.S.)