Improvements in Portable and Stationary Wind Engines for Agricultural Purposes and in the Gearing for the same.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 21st June, 1890-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Portable and Stationary Wind Engines for
Agricultural Purposes and in the Gearing for the same.
1, JAMES ADAMS, of Blean, in the County of Kent, Millwright and Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Upon a suitable carriage, level at the top, and placed on four substantial wheels or
upon a stationary foundation I make a level platform, and in the centre of it I place
a round ring of wood or metal, from 5 to 6 inches deep, 3 inches wide, and the
diameter according to the power of wind engine, say from 4 to 10 feet. About one
third of the way down this ring I place horizontally several rollers or wheels which
work upon pius, and project a little way inside of the ring.
I next make a round table, from 4 to 5 inches thick, diameter according to power
of wind engine, say 4 to 12 feet; and in the centre of this table I fix another ring
3 inches wide, half an inch less in depth, and an inch smaller in diameter than the
ring fixed upon the platform of the carriage. This ring, if made of wood has a band
of iron round the periphery of it, and around the periphery of the table are fixed
segments of cogs; an iron plate 3 inches wide, and a quarter of an inch thick is
placed round near the outside of the round table; upon the platform and close to
the round ring are placed several vertical rollers equal distant apart, and working
in cast iron frames. The table is now to be turned over, and the ring fixed upon
it, being the smallest, goes inside the ring fixed upon the platform, and then rests
upon the vertical rollers fixed upon the platform and against the horizontal rollers
that project inside of the lower ring, the table will now turn round either way.
Through the centre of the round table I fix a brass or gun metal busb, having
a wrought iron vertical shaft through it, and working in a step brass below the
bottom of the carriage. On the upper end of this shaft, and just above the table
is keyed a spur wheel, the bottom end of the shaft working in a step brass below
the bed of the carriage; upon this shaft and close under the table is fitted a small
spur wheel which shifts up or down by a forked lever; and below this is fitted a
large bevil wheel, and a small bevil or mitre wheel below that. The large bevil
wheel drives a horizontal shaft having a large pulley or drum keyed on at the
end, outside the frame of the carriage, for driving thrashing machine, circular saw,
corn mill &c. The mitre or bevil wheel below, drives a horizontal shaft through
the centre of the carriage, and has a small spur wheel and two or three pulleys
keyed on it. These pulleys are for driving chaff cutters, oat bruisers, root
pulpers &c. Arrangement is made from this shaft for working a double action
force pump for irrigating the land and supplying the cattle with water. Through
the platform at about midway between the table and fore part of the carriage is
fixed a brass or gun metal bush; and through this is placed a vertical shaft
having a large spur wheel keyed on to it which gears into the small spur wheel
that is keyed upon the shaft that works through the round table. The bottom end
of this shaft works in a step brass below the bottom of the carriage; near the bottom
of this shaft is fixed a double flanged drum or pulley which carries a wire rope for
ploughing the land. Upon each side of the carriage, and through the centre of the
upper side of the platform, I fix six iron brackets, two on each side, and two through
the centre; these are for holding arms in very windy weather so as to give a good
foundation for the wind engine. Across the platform is placed a horizontal shaft
having a worm fixed in the centre which works into the cogs round the table. This
shaft has a small spur wheel and a handle at one end for setting the wind screw at
any angle. Midway between the spur wheel fixed on the horizontal shaft that carries
two or three pulleys and the spur wheel fixed on the worm shaft, is placed another

page_text: spur wheel which by means of a forked lever gears into the wheels right and left of it,
and is to be kept in that position when the engine is not required to work.
Upon the axle of the hind wheels of the carriage is fixed a small bevil wheel, and a
small bevil wheel is fixed below the carriage upon the vertical shaft that works
through the table; a horizontal shaft fitted with a bevil wheel at each end, one of
which slides in or out of gear by a forked lever; these are connected to the bevil
wheels upon the axle and the vertical shaft below the round table, which makes the
carriage self acting so that it will move itself to any part of the farm required.
I will now describe my wind motor and the improvements. Upon the top of the
round table I place at right angles four substantial iron brackets securely fastened by
bolts and nuts; and to these are bolted four timber or iron uprights, the height
according to the power of engine. On the top of these uprights I place two cross
pieces for carrying two plummer blocks,-these carry a wrought iron horizontal shaft
which has a cast iron boss fixed in the centre, and a bevil wheel keyed on between it,
and one of the plummer blocks; the boss has several divisions or sockets in it, and
into these are firmly bolted a number of wood arms, and these arms are slotted out at a
proper angle from the end, up to the boss; the slots are filled up with boards or vanes,
and each vane is made to lap or extend half way over each other. By this means I
obtain nearly double the driving power, and forms a perfect wind screw.
No air can
possibly pass through it without being utilised. These vanes are made rigid one with
the other by bolts and nuts; these vanes work between the uprights, and the weight
of the wind screw is equally divided between the two bearings. Between two of the
uprights I place a vertical shaft which works in a step brass let into the round table;
at the upper end of this is fitted a bevil wheel which gears into the bevil wheel
fixed upon the vane shaft, and at the lower end I fix a spur wheel which gears
into the spur wheel fixed on the vertical shaft that works through the table.
To start the engine, remove by the forked lever the centre wheel of the three
that are geared together; then turn the handle upon the worm shaft to the right,
and it will set the wind screw to any angle required, the engine will then work to the
right and if the engine is wanted to work the reverse way, then turn the bandle to
the left. This is the only wind motor made that will work either way.
To stop the engine, put the centre wheel into gear, and it will turn the wind screw
edgeway to the wind, and stop itself. This centre wheel must remain in gear when
the engine is not required for work. The speed can be regulated either by the handle
on worm shaft, or by a governor.
Dated this 22nd day of Aum 1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Portable and Stationary Wind Engines for
Agricultural Purposes and in the Gearing for the same.
I JAMES ADAMS of 26 Gaywood Street London Road in the County of Surrey,
Millwright and Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to motors to be driven by wind power and principally to those
wind engines or mills described in the specification of my patent No. 3164 of
A.D. 1873. The improvements or variations from the said wind engines or mills
consist mainly in mounting the same upon a movable truck or frame upon wheels and
arranging gear whereby the force of wind on the revolving sails or fan may cause
the whole machine to be moved in the one or other direction, there being provision
for guiding the machine. A further improvement consists in the gearing hereinafter
described for converting the wind power to the driving of belt or other pulleys for
various purposes the same being suitable for either a stationary or movable wind engine:
Further improvements consist in the construction of the driving fan and in the
general construction of the whole machine as described hereinafter.

page_text: The accompanying drawings illustrate this invention as applied to a movable wind
engine Fig. 1 being a side elevation Fig. 2 an end elevation and Fig. 3 a plan in
section on line za Figs. 1 and 2.
A is a suitable car preferably made of a frame work of timber in the manner shown
so that its upper surface is level when it is supported on the wheels B B. C. C of
which B B are driving wheels being keyed on the axle B¹ supporting the car by the
axles boxes B, and CC are the guiding wheels which may be either fixed on the ends
of a cross beam turning on a kingbolt in the centre or for sake of strength may be as
shown each supported in forks C C terminating above in spindles 0202 passing
through holes or bearings in or on the corners of the frame of the car A and having
keyed to them above worm wheels C3 C3 with which the worm threads C* C* on the
shaft respectively gear, said shaft C³ being for steering the car by hand for which
purpose it is provided with the hand wheels Co.
On or in the upper platform of the car is placed the rotary table E which is
supported to revolve on a suitable number of antifriction wheels F of which four are
shown, evenly disposed on the platform to support the table near its circumference.
A number of vertically journalled rollers G of which four are shown, are also
arranged on the platform to roll on the plain periphery E' of the table and hold the
latter central in its position.
The table E may be of cast iron made with the cog teeth E³ on its circumference,
or it may be made of a ring of wood or metal with suitable framing, and the cog
teeth may be made in sections of iron fixed thereon. The rollers G may be journalled
in lugs on the inner sides of the standards H the upper ends of which form hooks to
overlap the table and hold it down in place, or these rollers G may be let into an
enclosing ring of wood say six inches high by three inches thick surrounding the
table E, the diameter of which will vary say from four to twelve feet according to
the size and power of the wind engine. The table E supports the framing carrying
the shaft of the fan J this framing being made as heretofore. The bevelled wheel K
on the fan shaft gears with the bevelled wheel K₁ on the vertical shaft K2 and the
spur wheel K³ on this shaft gears with the spur wheel K on the central vertical
shaft K which passes loosely through the centre of the table E and is supported at
the lower end in a step bearing K on the hanging frame K' bolted at its ends to the
car frame.
The shaft K' carries four bevelled wheels L M N O of these the uppermost gears
with the bevelled wheel L' on the horizontal shaft L journalled in hangers under the
upper part of the car frame and extending a short distance beyond the side of the car
where it carries keyed on it the spur wheel L³ which through the spur gear L* and L'
turns the shaft L carrying the worm L' which gears with the cog teeth E² on the
rim of the table E and rotates the latter when the laterally movable wheel I has been
shifted into gear by the band lever L³. P is a hand wheel for rotating shaft Le when
desired by hand.
The second bevelled wheel M gears with the bevelled wheel M¹ on the horizontal
shaft M² which projects from the back of the car and there carries keyed to it one or
more belt or other pulleys M³ for driving various machines such as thrashing machines
or irrigating pumps.
The third bevelled wheel M is fixed in definite relation to the fourth bevelled
wheel O and in relation to the bevelled wheels QR on the respective shafts Q¹ R¹ so
that by lifting or lowering the respective wheels QR they may be brought into
engagement respectively with the upper wheel N or the lower wheel Oso that the
gear in connection with wheels Q or R will be revolved in the one
or other
direction. The shaft Q₁ carries the bevelled pinion Q gearing with the bevelled
wheel Q³ on the vertical shaft Q the upper end of which is supported in a bush in a
cross timber of the car frame and the lower end in a step bearing on the suspending
frame Q the ends of which are bolted to the sides of the car frame. The shaft Q
carries the pulley Q for moving a plough harrow or other like land dressing or
movable instrument or machine.
The shaft R' of the bevelled wheel R carries the bevelled pinion R³ which gears

page_text: with the bevelled wheel R³ on the axle B' and drives the car. The shafts R' and
Qare respectively supported in fixed bearings at their ends remote from the shaft K³
but at their ends nearer the shaft they or their bearings are respectively carried by
or passed through the ends of the levers S S¹ pivoted at S and extending out from
below the car frame where they are held in place by or in the notches of the
hangers S³ S³ the centre notch corresponding to disengagement of the respective
gear.
The fan J is made so that as seen in face elevation each blade overlaps nearly half
of the next following blade as shown more particularly in Fig. 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The combination of the wind engine with the movable car with gear for
moving the car by means of said wind engine in the manner herein described and
illustrated.
2. The combination of the wind fan with the improved bevelled gearing herein
described and illustrated for the various purposes set forth.
3. In the wind engine constructed substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
the fan constructed so that each blade overlaps half or nearly half of the next blade as
illustrated in Fig. 1.
Dated this 21st day of June 1890
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.