IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD OR DOBBY APParatus FOR LOOMS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JAMES WILD of Saint John's Road Huddersfield, in the County of York,
retired Manufacturer of Fancy Woollen and Worsted Cloths do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD OR DOBBY APParatus
FOR LOOMS," to be as follows:-
"
The object of my invention is to dispense with the lags and Pegs now in use;
the pegs often break or drop out of the lags and thereby cause serious damage to
the cloth.
To obviate this, I use a shed selector composed of horizontal and vertical wire or
metallic needles to the number of threads required to weave the Design. The
selectors work in a frame of wood, or metal plates perforated with holes in which
they can work freely, and are raised and lowered by a horizontal bar of Iron which
is actuated by a Tee lever (worked by an excentric or other motion) at each end of the
said bar, the lever and bar are connected together by an, iron plate at each end with
a hole in which to insert the ends of the horizontal bar, and a slot and stud to
regulate the lifting and lowering of the same.
In the vertical selector, is made an eye or recess, in which a thin metallic plate
or wire is inserted having a look at one end, and the other end is in connection
with a needle through which the uprights pass that are connected with the harness
or healds, the selectors containing the thin metallic plates or wires with hooks at
the end descend on to a perforated card below, (made of paper or other material);
where there are holes in the card, the selectors drop into them and lower the hooks
into a position to take hold of a sliding knife or flat bar of iron, which is worked
by the top end of the Tee lever, the hooks drawn by the knife, place the uprights
in the position to open the shed required. Where the card is not perforated the
hooks do not come into contact with the knife. When the shed is drawn the
hooks and selectors rise out of the way and a fresh card is turned up to be acted
on as before.
The card block or cylinder turns on its own axis and is held in the proper position
by means of what is termed a star wheel, thus keeping the selectors in unison with
all the other motions of the loom whether it be worked forward or backward.
The card block or cylinder, I make of Wood, Iron, or other material, with
longitudinal grooves or slots of sufficient depth to receive the ends of the selectors
that pass through the holes in the perforated card; the same cylinder will answer
for any number of selectors that can be placed in its length.
I do not confine my invention to the above mode, but have several modifications
of it to suit different kinds of looms, which can be fully described in the complete
specification, after they have been practically tested.
Dated this fourteenth day of March 1884

page_text: I, JAMES WILD of Saint John's Road Huddersfield in the County of York
retired Manufacturer of Fancy Woollen and Worsted Cloths, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD OR DOBBY APPARATUS
FOR LOOMS," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my Invention is to dispense with the wood lags and pega which
are at present employed in jacquards, whereby the damages caused by the pegs
breaking and dropping out are avoided.
To carry out my Invention I employ a series of vertical wires, which I call
selectore, and which are caused to rise and fall by means of a horizontal rod
actuated by rod and lever operateɖ upon by a cam or other equivalent.
A certain form of jacquard needle is also employed through which the ordinary
jack hook slides, and these needles are operated at the proper time by horizontal
hooked wires according to selection by the vertical selectors, a reciprocatory bar or
knife being also employed for drawing the needles forward; whilst a spiral spring
causes them to slide in the opposite direction. The card cylinder is square in cross
section, and has a longitudinal groove cut on each side thereof for the reception of
the selectors.
Such being the nature and object of my Invention I will now procted by the
aid of the accompanying drawings to describe the same more fully wherein Fig 1
is section of so much of a jacquard machine as is necessary to illustrate my
improvements. 1 is framing of machine, 2 the card cylinder, which is caused to
rotate in the usual manner by the ordinary and well known star wheel mechanism
shewn more fully in Fig 5, where 3 is the star wheel which is caused to rotate one
quarter of a revolution by the pin 4 in plate 5 operated by bevil wheels 6 from
crank shaft. Number 7 shews the jack hooks which pass through slots in needles 8;
and 9 are the selectors which are kept in a vertical position by passing through
boles made in the cross bars 10.
The selectors are provided with an eye or opening at 11 for the reception of the
hooked blades 12 which are binged at 13 to the needles 8, and 14 is a flat bar or
knife connected at one or both ends by a short twisted plate 15 to the upper arm
of the lever 16 hinged at 17, and caused to reciprocate back ward and forward by
means of eccentric 18 on oscillatory shaft 19.
Upon the card cylinder 2 are some perforated cards 20 which are presented one
after another (by the rotation of the cylinder 2) to the bottom of the selectors, and
when there are perforations in the cards, the selectors drop through into the
longitudinal groove in the cylinder so that when the knife 14 moves into proper
position, the selectors which have descended bring with them the blades 12 causing
the hooked ends thereof to be caught hold of by the reciprocatory bar 14 as shewn
in dotted line, and in so doing the outward movement of said knife draws the
booked blades 12 forward, consequently the needle 8 and jack hooks are also drawn
forward, so that at the next downward movement of the reciprocatory bar 22 the
jack hooks are caused to descend.
When there are no perforations in the cards the selectors cannot descend,
consequently the hooked blades 12 are not operated upon by the bar 14 and
therefore the jack hooks are not transferred from bar 21 to the bar 22.
As soon as the knife 14 has taken the hooked blades outward, and commences
to return, the spiral springs 23 on the needles, which during this action have been

page_text: compressed immediately expand or open out and force the needles and parts
.connected thereto back again for another operation.
.In order to lift the hooks of the blades 12 clear of the reciprocatory bar 14, and
also to lift up such of the selectors as have dropped through the perforations in
the cards I employ a horizontal bar 24 (see enlarged views Figs 2 and. 3) each end
of which are cranked and secured to the cross bar 25 by adjustable nuts. These
bars 24 and 25 are connected by rod 28 to the lever arm 29 and receive an upward
and downward motion by cam 30 which is so timed and regulated as to lift the
blades 12 at the proper time clear of the cylinder 2 whereby it is allowed to
rotate.
The card cylinder 2 which may be made of any suitable material has a
longitudinal groove on each side thereof as shewn at a so that the selectors can
drop into them through the perforations in the cards. The perforated cards are
made of paper or metal jointed or connected at each end (see Fig 4) by tape 31 or
other means and made secure thereto by pins 32 and when any of the perforations in
the cards require filling up, this is easily done by pins 33 made in the form of paper
fasteners, and bent down at the back of the card, or the cards may be plated as
shewn at o in Fig 4 so that the selectors will not damage the cards.
Another method of operating the selectors 9 is shewn in elevation Fig 5, and
section Fig. 6. In this case the selectors pass through guide bars 10 as previously
explained, and are suspended on horizontal wires 34 capable of working like a
hinge on a cross bar at 35.
Upon the horizontal wires 34 are also suspended small pins 36 the number of
which correspond to the number of needles.
These pins 36 are inserted in vertical holes made in the oscillatory bar 37 whilst
the points b of the needles 8 enter holes made transversly in the said oscillatory
bar in such manner that the point of each needle is opposite each pin suspended on
the wire 34.
The card cylinder 2 has the usual rotary motion given to it by the star wheel
mechanism previously described, but in the present case it has an oscillatory
motion in addition to a rotary motion, and this is given to it by lever 16 hinged
at 17. This lever is actuated by eccentric 18 and it imparts an oscillatory motion
simultaneously to the card cylinder 2 and the bar 37.
The action of this machine is as follows,
Perforated cards 20 are employed and pass around the cylinder 2 which cylinder
has an upward and downward motion given to it by eccentric 18 as explained.
When there are perforations in the cards, the selectors are not lifted, but where
blanks are presented to the selectors they are lifted, and the horizontal wire 34 is
also lifted as shewn in dotted lines.
When the wires 34 are lifted they withdraw the pins 36 suspended thereon out
of the holes in bar 37 so that when the said bar is next oscillated towards the
point of the needles the pins which have not been withdrawn from the bar 37
strike against the end of each needle and so force the jack hook off the lifting
bar 21, but those pins which have been withdrawn from the bar do not obstruct
the transverse opening, but allow the needle point to pass through, consequently
the jack hooks in connection with those needles are not operated.
When any of the needles 8 have been pushed sideway by the oscillatory motion
of the bar 37, the spiral spring 23 forces them back again as soon as the needles
are liberated. Fig. 7 shews on an enlarged scale an end view of the position of
selectors and card cylinder.
Another and simple method of dispensing with the lags and pegs now in use is
shewn in Fig & where no selectors are employed but simply the perforated cards
which are made of metal or paper cards plated as shewn in Fig 4. These cards
are passed around the card cylinder and have an oscillatory motion in addition to
a rotary motion, such motions being given by lever 16 and eccentric 18 as previously
explained.

page_text: It will easily be seen that when perforations are presented to the points of the
needles, that the needles will enter the perforations and the jack hooks would not
be operated but when blanks are presented, the needles would be pushed sideway,
and so allow the jack hook to descend, the spiral spring as in previous case forcing
the needles back again as soon as they are liberated.
Fig 9 is plan view of the card cylinder and needles shewing position of same
after the cylinder has "beat up."
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;
Firstly. The use and employment of jacquard cylinders having longitudinal grooves
as shewn, and for purposes set forth.
Secondly. The employment of vertical selectors 9 caused to rise and fall upon
the card cylinder by means of the horizontal bar 24, operated by rod and crank in
manner substantially as herein shewn and described.
Thirdly. The peculiar formation and construction of needle as shewn by letter 8.
Fourthly. The employment of hooked blades 12 hinged to the needles 8, and
operated by reciprocatory bar or knife 14 whereby the jack hooks are removed
from one position to another.
Fifthly. The combination of the grooved bar 37 and the grooved card cylinder 2
both of which are caused to oscillate, the former to operate the needles, and the
latter to lift the selectors substantially as shewn in Figs 5 and 6 described in the
second part of this Specification.
Sixthly. The combination of vertical selectors 9 and vertical pins 36 suspended
on a horizontal wire 34 for the purpose of operating upon the jack hook in manner
shewn in Fig 6 and described in the second part of this Specification.
Seventhly. The employment of the peculiar card cylinder 2, covered with
perforated cards, for operating direct upon the points of the needles for releasing
the jack hooks, in manner and for purposes substantially as shewn in Fig 8 and
described in the third part of this Specification.