Improvements in or relating to the Separation of Materials.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1893-Accepted, 8th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Separation of Materials.
We, WILLIAM WARNOCK MELLON, Analytical Chemist, of Howden Dyke,
Howden, Yorkshire, and BENJAMIN BETTS NICHOLSON, Engineer, of Howden
Dyke, Howden, Yorkshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:―
This invention relates to the separation of materials chiefly by reason of their
differing specific gravities, the invention being applicable to nearly all materials
where separation of this description is needed, such as ores, grain, bones and many
other materials. One very important trade in which this invention may be used is
the bone-crushing trade where the crushing machines are constantly damaged by
foreign substances becoming mixed with the bones. For instance, horse-shoes,
nails, bolts, hard stones and the like get in amongst the bones and these can be
removed by the present device which is much simpler than the magnetic machines
commonly used for this purpose in the bone trade, and also in milling and other
machinery.
In carrying out this invention we employ a suitable tray, sieve, or the like,
preferably set at an inclination and subject to a jogging, reciprocating or other
shaking motion. The tray or sieve is divided by cross partitions conveniently not
so high as the side walls of the tray or the framing in which the tray works so that
the materials may pass over these walls without escaping from the tray or sieve
until they reach the end. The separation is effected by the lighter materials such
as the bones passing over the partitions while the heavier ones sinking to the
bottom of the mass of material are intercepted by the partitions and prevented from
passing over them. Any required number of partitions may be employed and the
sieve or tray may be made of any suitable size and the materials may be passed if
desired from one tray or sieve to another.
This apparatus may be used in conjunction or combined with any grinding,
crushing or other apparatus to which the material under treatment is to be passed,
and when so used it may be usefully employed to regulate the feed by altering the
angle at which the sieve or tray operates. The angle of the sieve or tray may in
any case be varied as required to suit the circumstances of any particular case such
for example as the completeness with which the separating operation is to be
effected.
Dated this 25th day of March 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Separation of Materials.
We, WILLIAM WARNOC!. MELLON, Analytical Chemist, of Howden Dyke,
Howden, Yorkshire, and BENJAMIN BETTS NICHOLSON, Engineer, of Howden
Dyke, Howden, Yorkshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the separation of materials chiefly by reason of their
differing specific gravities, the invention being applicable to nearly all materials
where separation of this description is needed, such as ores, grain, bones and many
other materials. One very important trade in which this invention may he used is

page_text: the bone-crushing trade where the crushing machines are constantly damaged by
foreign substances becoming mixed with the bones. For instance, horse-shoes,
nails, bolts, hard stones, and the like, get in amongst the bones and these can be
removed by the present device which is much simpler than the magnetic machines
commonly used for this purpose in the bone trade, and also in milling and other
machinery.
In carrying out this invention we employ a suitable tray, sieve or the like,
preferably set at an inclination and subject to a jogging, reciprocating or other
shaking motion. The tray or sieve is divided by cross partitions conveniently not
so high as the side walls of the tray or the framing in which the tray works so that
the materials may pass over these walls without escaping from the tray or sieve
until they reach the end. The separation is effected by the lighter materials such
as the bones passing over the partitions while the heavier ones sinking to the
bottom of the mass of material are intercepted by the partitions and prevented
from passing over them. Any required number of partitions may be employed and
the sieve or tray may be made of any suitable size and the materials may be passed
if desired from one tray or sieve to another.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure is a longitudinal section through separating apparatus constructed
according to this invention, and
Figure 2 is a plan.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A is the tray, sieve, trough, or the like which may be suspended by links or
equivalent B from joists C or other supports and which if desired may be taper as
shown in Figure 2, or of other form.
A are the partitions rails or obstructing fences, which, from the upper to the
lower edge, may be about half the depth of the trough A and the upper edges of
which are preferably strengthened by a piece A² of angle iron.
The trough A is closed at its receiving end by a plate A³ and the floor A* at the
delivering end is flush with the top edge of the last partition or plate A³.
The lighter articles or material separated from the heavier articles or material
which latter are retained behind the partitions pass successively over the
partitions A' A' and are finally discharged at A over the end of the raised
floor A into any desired receptacle.
The trough is suspended by the links B on an incline which may be adjusted to
suit the nature of the material to be treated therein and the partitions A' A' are
arranged so that they may preferably be vertical as shown in Figure 1 though if
desired they may incline at their upper edges towards the receiving end of the
trough.
D is a crank and D' a connecting rod for communicating longitudinal
reciprocating motion to A; or instead of the crank D and rod D' any other device
for imparting to A a reciprocating, jogging, or other shaking motion may be
employed.
The separation in the before described apparatus is effected by the lighter
materials such as the bones passing over the partitions A' and the heavier ones such
as stones, nails, horse-shoes, and other pieces of metal sinking to the bottom of the
mass at the back of A¹ by which their passage to the delivery end of A is
prevented. The heavier material collecting behind the partitions A¹ may be
periodically removed.
The before described apparatus may be modified without departing from the
spirit of the invention for example the trough or equivalent A instead of being
suspended by links B may be supported on rollers or other suitable devices and as
will be well understood any desired number of partitions, rails or obstructing
fences, from one upwards may be employed; when only one is employed it may,
like A, have the raised floor A directly connected to it.
This apparatus may be used in conjunction or combined with any grinding,
crushing or other apparatus to which the material under treatment is to be passed,

page_text: and when so used it may be usefully employed to regulate the feed by altering the
angle at which the sieve or tray operates. The angle of the sieve or tray may in
any case be varied as required to suit the circumstances of any particular case such
for example as the completeness with which the separating operation is to be
effected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. Effecting the separation of articles or materials of greater specific gravity from
other articles or materials of less specific gravity by placing them upon a surface
inclined from the horizontal and provided with rails or obstructing fences over
which the lighter articles pass as they travel down the inclined surface while the
heavier articles are retained.
2. Separating heavier materials such as metal stones and the like from lighter
materials such as bones by means of a shaking or reciprocating inclined trough or
sieve divided by one or more partitions rails or obstructing fences substantially as
described.
3. Apparatus for separating heavier material such as metal stones and the like
from lighter material such as bones consisting of a shaking or reciprocating trough
or sieve such as A divided by one or more partitions rails or obstructing fences
such as A' substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination with a grinding or crushing machine of the separating
apparatus substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Sixth day of June 1893.
Witness to Signature,
WILLIAM SCHOFIELD.
WILLIAM WARNOCK MELLON.
BENJAMIN BETTS NICHOLSON
(his X mark).
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicants.