Improvements in Pipe or Hose Couplings.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th Sept., 1891-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe or Hose Couplings.
We, CARL AUGUST GUIDO STORZ, Civil Engineer of 15 Heide Street, Frank-
fort-on-the-Maine and JACOB LEIDENTHAL, of Höchst-on-the-Maine, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a self-tightening coupling for the junction of lengths of
pipes or hose and its object is to ensure perfect tightness even under the highest
internal or external pressure and while providing a coupling device more simple
and effective than any of the coupling rings hitherto known to enable connections
of hose when required to be made more readily and reliably than before.
The arrangement and modifications forming the subject of this invention are
shown in the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a joint coupled in accordance with this
invention,
Figure 1 a similar section of the coupling ring, and Figure 1B a front view of
the same.
Figs. 1° and 1º are detail views of the packing rings.
Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are longitudinal sections of modifications of the coupling
devices,
Fig. 4 is a cross section of the modified packing ring;
Figures
5 and 6 are longitudinal sections of the two halves of the coupling
showing their peculiar mode of attachment to the hose;
Fig. 5 is a front view of the end of a hose also showing the supporting pin or
key flange; and
Fig. 5 shows a key used for twisting the portions of the hose which are to be
tied in.
are
Upon the ends of lengths of hose a which it is desired to connect coupling
rings p p are arranged either fast or so as to be capable of revolving thereon.
These coupling rings are provided with hooks m integral therewith and stiffening
ribs o adapted to be grasped either by hand or by a key. The slots n n¹ and the
internal screw threads as well as the grooves r and s are also formed in casting
the ring. The essential feature of this coupling ring is that the walls r and s
require no finishing, while the projection t below the coupling hook alone requires
to be turned true. This arrangement results in a considerable economy of labour
while at the same time it enables various technical difficulties such as
encountered in the construction of screw threaded rings in one piece to be over-
come, producing a coupling free from the inconveniences and unreliability of the
bayonet joints hitherto used, fitted with screwed or loose hooks and the like. The
ends of the lengths of hose a are recessed at their adjacent surfaces so that when
the junction is made an inner groove or channel is formed between the external
edge a¹ of the coupling and the internal flange a' the former extending a certain
distance beyond the latter. In each of the recesses or grooves is inserted an india-
rubber ring of such a shape that after it has been partly embedded in the said
groove between the edges a¹ and a³ it cannot spontaneously move away from this
position. The portion of the india-rubber ring projecting beyond the edge a' in
the direction of, its axis is bevelled in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 in such a
manner that two rings b facing each other only meet on the inner side so long as
the two halves of the coupling are not pressed together as illustrated by Fig. 1D.
When however the two halves are pressed together a great part of the annular
surface of the two adjacent rings will thereby be brought into contact see Fig. 1,

page_text: as the edges or flanges al projecting from either half of the coupling nearly reach
to each other when the two halves are forced together the india-rubber rings 6 will
not even under the highest pressure move out of position outwardly.
In Fig. 2 is shown a slightly modified arrangement in which one half of the
coupling is provided as before with an india-rubber ring a protruding end a¹ and
a flange a forming a groove while the other half is formed in such a manner that
when the two halves are brought close together the projecting portion of the india-
rubber ring presses against an annular surface a situated at right angles to the
axis of the coupling such contact producing a perfectly tight joint.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 the india-rubber rings of the respective
halves of the coupling are bevelled in such a manner that in closing the joint they
first come in contact with each other by their external portions instead of internally
as in the arrangement described with reference to Figs. 1-1B of the drawings.
The edges a are therefore here arranged internally instead of externally. This
coupling is devised for those cases in which pressure is applied from without when
the india-rubber rings are pressed against the edges a¹ in the inward direction.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 the projecting portion of the india-rubber
rings is considerably wider than the portion embedded in the groove. This
arrangement is intended for use in connection with force and suction pipes. The
edges a¹ and flanges a³ are here somewhat extended outwardly in order to prevent
the rings from being displaced under pressures exceeding the ordinary degrees at
which suction takes place. In using packing-rings such as are here represented
the formation of a vacuum between them is avoided it being well-known that where
such a vacuum occurs it is to be feared that in disconnecting the joint the packing-
rings may be torn away.
Fig. 5 shows an arrangement for making connections which also forms part of
this invention. In this case the nozzle a is provided with an external conical
screw-thread. Over this screw-thread is passed the hose c whereupon the ring d
provided with a suitable internal screw-thread is screwed over the junction by
means of the key shown in Fig. 5. As this arrangement enables connections to
be made with comparatively short sections of tube the whole of the binding may be
placed underneath the coupling ring p. To enable the screw-fastening to be made
safely and securely one or more lugs are provided within the hose a which are to
enter a pin or core f shown in cross section Fig. 54 provided with suitable recesses
for the purpose and secured in place in any convenient manner. When this is done
the fastening may be readily tightened by applying a key such as is shown in
Fig. 5B to the external portion of the screw nut or ring d.
i
In cases where the parts of the coupling do not correspond to the thickness of
the hose this arrangement enables intermediate pieces of cloth to be inserted, in
addition to which where the hose is either too narrow or too wide a simple partial
cut in the head ends will be sufficient to remove the difficulty.
The object of the arrangement shown in Fig. 6 is to provide a shortened coupling
with an ordinary wire-binding and the rear portion of the coupling ring is so
proportioned that after the wire binding u is completed it can be moved over the
latter and over the hose v so that the main part of the wire binding can be situated
immediately underneath the coupling ring, while the short supplemental or safety
binding w will be behind or outside the said ring. To stop the nut and prevent it
from falling backwards an india-rubber ring a acting as a cushion is placed behind
it and so embedded in the body of the hose that the nut is still capable of a slight
rotary motion this ring a being firmly secured in position by means of a wire
binding z lying within the groove y of the said ring.
Dated this 4th day of December 1890.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe or Hose Couplings.
We, CARL AUGUST GUIDO STORZ, Civil Engineer, of 15 Heide Street, Frank-
fort-on-the-Maine, and JACOB LEIDENTHAL, Manufacturer, of Höchst-on-the-
Maine, both in the German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a self-tightening coupling for the junction of lengths of
pipes or hose and its object is to ensure perfect tightness even under the highest
internal or external pressure and while providing a coupling device more simple
and effective than any of the coupling rings hitherto known to enable connections of
hose when required to be made more readily and reliably than before.
The arrangement and modifications forming the subject of this invention are
shown in the drawings filed with our Provisional Specification in which
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a joint coupled in accordance with this
invention,
Fig. 1 a similar section of the coupling ring, and Fig. 1B a front view of the
same.
Figs. 1 and Fig. 1º are detail views of the packing rings.
Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are longitudinal sections of modifications of the coupling
devices,
Fig. 4 is a cross section of the modified packing ring;
Figs. 5 and 6 are longitudinal sections of the two halves of the coupling showing
their peculiar mode of attachment to the hose;
Fig. 5 is a front view of the end of a hose also showing the supporting pin or
key flange; and
Fig. 5 shows a key used for twisting the portions of the base which are to be
tied-in.
r
Upon the ends of the two parts a of the coupling which it is desired to connect,
coupling rings p p¹ are arranged either fast or so as to be capable of revolving
thereon. These coupling rings are provided with hooks integral therewith and
stiffening ribs o adapted to be grasped either by hand or by a key. The slots n n¹
and the internal screw threads as well as the grooves and s are also formed in
casting the ring. The essential feature of this coupling is that the walls and s
require no finishing, while the projection t below the coupling hook alone requires
to be turned true. This arrangement results in a considerable economy of labour
while at the same time it enables various technical difficulties such as are encountered
in the construction of screw threaded rings in one piece to be overcome, producing
a coupling free from the inconveniences and unreliability of the bayonet joints
hitherto used, fitted with screwed or loose hooks and the like. The ends of the two
parts a are recessed at their adjacent surfaces so that when the junction is made an
inner groove or channel is formed between the external edge a¹ of the coupling and
the internal flange a² the former extending a certain distance beyond the latter.
In each of the recesses or grooves is inserted an india-rubber ring of such a shape
that after it has been partly embedded in the said groove between the edges a
and a it cannot spontaneously move away from this position. The portion of the
indiarubber ring projecting beyond the edge a' in the direction of its axis is bevelled
in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 in such a manner that two rings 6 facing each
other only meet on the inner side so long as the two halves of the coupling are not
pressed together as illustrated by Fig. 1". When however the two halves are
pressed together a great part of the annular surface of the two adjacent rings will
thereby be brought into contact, see Fig. 1, as the edges or flanges a¹ projecting
from either half of the coupling nearly reach to each other when the two halves are
forced together the india-rubber rings b will not even under the highest pressure
move out of position outwardly.

page_text: In Fig. 2 is shown a slightly modified arrangement in which one half of the
coupling is provided as before with an indiarubber ring ba protruding end a¹ and a
flange a forming a groove while the other half is formed in such a manner that
when the two halves are brought close together the projecting portion of the india-
rubber ring presses against an annular surface a³ situated at right angles to the
axis of the coupling such contact producing a perfectly tight joint.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 the indiarubber rings b of the respective
halves of the coupling are bevelled in such a manner that in closing the joint they
first come into contact with each other by their external portions instead of
internally as in the arrangement described with reference to Figs. 1-1 of the
drawings. The edges a¹ are therefore here arranged internally instead of externally.
This coupling is devised for those cases in which pressure is applied from without
when the indiarubber rings are pressed against the edges a' in the inward direction.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 the projecting portion of the indiarubber
rings is considerably wider than the portion embedded in the groove. This
arrangement is intended for use in connection with force and suction pipes. The
edges a¹ and flanges a are here somewhat extended outwardly in order to prevent
the rings from being displaced under pressures exceeding the ordinary degrees at
which suction takes place. In using packing-rings such as are here represented
the formation of a vacuum between them is avoided it being well-known that where
such a vacuum occurs it is to be feared that in disconnecting the joint the packing-
rings may be torn away.
Fig. 5 shows an arrangement for making connections which also forms part of
this invention. In this case the nozzle a is provided with an external conical screw-
thread. Over this screw-thread is passed the hose c whereupon the ring d provided
with a suitable internal screw-thread is screwed over the junction by means of the
key shown in Fig. 5. As this arrangement enables connections to be made with
comparatively short sections of tube the whole of the binding may be placed
underneath the coupling ring p. To enable the screw-fastening to be made safely
and securely one or more lugs are provided within the coupling parts a which are
to enter a pin or core f shown in cross section Fig. 54 provided with suitable
recesses for the purpose and secured in place in any convenient manner.
this is done the fastening may be readily tightened by applying a key such as is
shown in Fig. 5B to the external portion of the screw nut or ring d.
When
In cases where the parts of the coupling do not correspond to the thickness of the
hose this arrangement enables intermediate pieces of cloth to be inserted, in addition
to which where the hose is either too narrow or too wide a simple partial cut in the
head ends will be sufficient to remove the difficulty.
The object of the arrangement shown in Fig. 6 is to provide a shortened coupling
with an ordinary wire-binding and the rear portion of the coupling ring is so
proportioned that after the wire binding u is completed it can be moved over the
fatter and over the hose so that the main part of the wire-binding can be situated
immediately underneath the coupling ring, while the short supplemental or safety
binding w will be behind or outside the said ring. To stop the nut and prevent it
from falling backwards an indiarubber ring & acting as a cushion is placed behind
it and so embedded in the body of the hose that the nut is still capable of a slight
rotary motion this ring a being firmly secured in position by means of a wire
binding lying within the groove y of the said ring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manuer the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In couplings for pipes and hose in which an elastic intermediate ring is
interposed between the two halves of the coupling device and more or less power-
fully compressed thereby one half namely that provided with hooks and slots being
placed against the other half fitted with screw shaped recesses and so turned
that the said hooks enter such recesses the arrangement of the said elastic ring

page_text: so that the portion which protrudes from the fastening groove is bevelled entirely
outwardly or inwardly and the said ring is retained within the pipe section a by an
edge such as a' and flange such as a the former of which extends beyond the
latter when the pressure is external while the position is reversed when the pressure
is internal the pressure-sustaining edges being extended beyond the section edges a²
whatever the direction of the pressure for the purpose of preventing the pro-
truding portion of the intermediate ring from yielding to excessive pressure and
the said intermediate ring being bevelled on one side to prevent its adhering to
the other half of the coupling substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
$
2. In couplings such as described the arrangement of coupling ribs such as o and
the method of constructing the metal ring in one piece so that grooved portions such
as and acting as screw threads require no finishing while a rib such as t alone
being designed to meet the adjacent pipe section is turned true for the purpose of
materially lessening labour while considerably increasing the strength and
facilitating the handling of coupling rings substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
3. A coupling for flexible hose in which the hose is connected to the socket or
junction piece by means of a screw-thread provided on the outer conical surface of
such socket or junction piece on to which the hose to be connected is passed it being
prevented from spontaneously slipping off again by a nut placed underneath a coupling
ring such as p and provided with a screw-thread which is screwed over the hose and
the section of tube or socket and for the purpose of enabling lengths of hose to be
connected by mechanical means even where the connected tube is very short substan-
tially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. A coupling for flexible hose in which the grooves provided for the wire
binding and the rear portion of a coupling ring such as p to be used in connection
therewith are so proportioned that the main part of the wire binding may be located
underneath the coupling ring while the auxiliary or safety part thereof lies
immediately behind such ring, which is prevented from sliding backwards by means
of a flexible ring or cushion such as secured in place by wire or cord for the
purpose of enabling connections to be made by means of wire or cord with very
short sections of tubes or sockets and at the same time protecting the coupling ring
and attachments from displacement and damage substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of September 1891.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicants.