Improvements in Turning and Grinding Machines for Rolls and the like.
Year: 1890

page_text: To-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Turning and Grinding Machines for Rolls and
the like.
I, HENRY EDWIN KAY, residing at Fall River, in the County of Bristol and
State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to turning and grinding-machines, and is an improved
machine for grinding the leather-covered rolls for use in spinning-machines and for
other purposes.
I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings one form in which I have
contemplated embodying my invention, and the same is fully disclosed in the
following description and claims.
Referring to the said drawings,
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved machine the supporting-legs being
broken away.
Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same on line at, Figure 1,
looking to the right.
Figure 3 is a top plan of the machine.
Figure 4 is a transverse vertical section of the machine on line y y, Figure 3
ooking left.
Figure 5 is a partial transverse section through the centre of the machine.
Figure 6 is a horizontal longitudinal section through the shell, the screw being
hown in elevation.
Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the grinding-roll, shell, and screw.
Figure 8 is a detail view, enlarged, of one of the cup-centres for holding the
oll to be operated upon.
Figure 9 is a detail view shewing the method of securing the cutting-tool in its
older.
Figure 10 is a view of a slightly different construction of grinding-tool.
The frame of my machine consists of the end pieces or standards A A, having
itable supporting-legs and connected by the two rods or bars a a, rigidly secured
the end pieces. On these two bars are mounted the fixed head-stock B and the
ovable head-stock B', which carry the spindles C C, provided with the cup-
ntres D, for securing the ends of the roll to be operated upon, so that it will be
tated with the spindles. The fixed head-stock B is suitably secured to the
Is a a, and is provided with a pin or stud b, and the movable head-stock B¹ is
ovided with a pivoted weighted lever B³, having an eccentric lug or stud b.
e pins are connected by the bar B2, which is provided with a series of
ches adjacent to one or both ends, forming an adjustable connector, and when
said bar is placed with one of its notches in engagement with each of said
a movement to the right of the weighted lever B will move the head-stock B¹
he left, and rice versa.
'he construction of the cup-centres D is best seen in Figure 8.
Each of these

page_text: devices consists of the block D, having the angular web or flange d, provided
with a dovetailed groove, in which are located the movable crotch and the
clamping-piece d. The crotch d' is adjusted by means of a screw d³, as shewn,
and the clamping-piece d² is adjusted by means of a thumb-screw d', which
engages the same and passes through a slot in the web or flange d of the block.
The block D is also provided with a self-centering aperture or recess ³ in the
usual manner.
When it is desired to place a roll in position to be operated upon, the rod B²
is placed with the proper notches in engagement with the studs, according to
the length of the roll, so that when the weighted lever B³ is thrown to the right
the centering-apertures of the opposing cup-centres will engage the ends of the
trunnions of the roll. The clamping-piece 2 is then moved up to engage the
trunnion or the reduced extremity of the roll and secured by means of its thumb-
screw, and the crotch is forced down into engagement with the trunnion or the
end of the roll, thereby clamping the roll firmly and securing it to rotate with the
cup-centres when power is applied to the spindles. By this means the roll will
be held securely, and if the cup-centres should have become worn with use the
roll will nevertheless be held to run true with the spindles by the clamping devices
already described. The spindles are provided with suitable pulleys c c for
imparting motion to the same from a suitable driving-shaft.
In rear of the upper brace-rod a is mounted the adjustable table E, which is
pivotally secured to the upper rod by means of sleeves or collars e e, secured to
the table and embracing said rod. To the rear edge of the table I is secured
the downwardly-extending arm e', to which is pivotally connected horizontal
arm which engages a screw-threaded construction on the lower rod a and is
provided with a suitable operating-handle es. By rotating this handle the rod e
is moved longitudinally, and this effects the raising or lowering of the table E on
its pivotal axis, as will be readily understood. Upon the table E is located the
mechanism for grinding the rolls held in the cup-centres, which consists in a
traversing grinding-roller.
The table E is provided with a dovetailed groove on its under side of nearly
the extent of the table, which is engaged by a sliding block F, which I term the
"carrier." To this carrier is secured the bracket I, which extends around the
front edge of the table E and over its upper face, as shewn in Figures 2 and 5,
and is preferably provided with a rearwardly-extending arm f.
The table E is provided with suitable journal-bearings, in which are mounted the
hollow shell G and the single threaded screw g which is arranged to turn within said
shell and independently of the same. The shell G is provided with a longitudinal slot
extending nearly the entire length of the same, and a grinding-roller G' is loosely
mounted on said shell, having a portion of its hub extending through the said slot
and engaging the screw, said part being screw-threaded, so as to be operated by
the screw g.
It will be seen that if the screw and shell are rotated in different
directions or at different rates of speed in the same direction, by which the one is
made to rotate with respect to the other, the grinding-roller, while rotating with
the shell, will be caused to traverse from one end of the same toward the other.
At one end of the table E the shell is provided with a pulley g' for rotating the
same, and at the opposite end the screw g is provided with a pulley g². The
arrangement with respect to the driving-shaft is such that the screw will be
driven at a much greater speed than the shell, and this is accomplished by making
the pulley g' larger than the pulley g² or in any other suitable manner which will
secure this result. It will thus be seen that when in operation the screw, revolving
much faster than the shell in the same direction, will cause the grinding-roller (
to traverse in one direction, and in order to cause it to traverse in the opposite
direction it is only necessary to reduce the speed of the screw below that of the
shell, or to stop its rotation when the shell will be driven faster than the screw, and
the traverse of the grinding-roller will be reversed without stopping its rotation or
interfering therewith.

page_text: have found that by causing the screw to revolve twice as fast as the shell and
then stopping the screw to reverse the traverse I obtain very effective results; but
any other arrangement of the relative speeds of the two parts may be employed.
The shell G may be provided with two or more slots and the grinding-roller
5 with a similar number of screw-threaded portions for engaging the screw, if
desired.
0
In Figure 7 I have shewn a construction in which the shell is provided with
three slots and the hub of the grinding-roller with three inwardly-extending
portions to engage the screw.
I have shewn a means for automatically controlling the traverse of the grinding-
roller G, which is as follows:
The screw g is provided with a disc g³, having a lug or projection on either face
of the same.
The pulley is loose on the stem of the screw g, which is not screw-
threaded at this point, and said pulley is provided on the face adjacent to the disc y³
with a similar lug or projection to engage the lug on that side of said disc. When
the pulley is moved near enough to the disc to effect this, the screw will be rotated
with the pulley g², as will be readily seen.
Upon the table E is mounted a sliding trip-block H, suitably secured to the
table and adapted to be moved longitudinally. One end of this block H is provided
with a yoke, which engages a score in the hub of the pulley in a well known
manner, and the other end is provided with a stopping lug or projection ', so
situated that when the block is moved to disengage the pulley from the disc g³ this
stopping lug will be brought into the path of the lug or projection on the adjacent
face of the said disc, and will be instantly engaged by said lug, thereby stopping
the rotation of the screw and holding it from further rotation until the block is
moved in the opposite direction. The movement of said block in the opposite
direction will engage the pulley g² with the disc and simultaneously disengage the
stopping lug therefrom, when the rotation of the screw will be instantly resumed.
An actuating lever-arm is pivoted in a suitable recess in the table E and
engages a slot in the block H. To the lower end of the arm 2 is pivoted a second
arm, forming a toggle-lever, the lower end of the arm ³, being pivoted to a
yielding resistance, formed in this instance by a spring-actuated sliding rod
mounted in suitable guides in a bracket arm Hand held in its normal upward
position by the spring h.
A horizontal rod I is suitably mounted beneath the table E, so as to be capable
of movement longitudinally, and this rod is provided with adjustable collars, which
are engaged by some fixed portion of the traversing devices. The carrier Fis
provided with a yoke f, which engages a score in the hub of the reciprocating
grinding-roller, and by this means the carrier is reciprocated with the grinder.
When the carrier or other portion of the traversing mechanism strikes one of the
collars i the rod I will be moved longitudinally and operate upon the toggle-
evers 23. The slot in the block H is so arranged that as the toggle-lever is
radually forced into a rectilinear position the upper end of the arm 2 will traverse
he slot and not move the block; but when the toggle-lever has been pushed
lightly past the vertical position the spring resistance will force it instantly into
ts second position, and this quick movement produces the movement of the block
nd the stopping or starting of the screw. To allow for this sudden movement, the
od I preferably engages the toggle-lever adjacent to its central pivot by passing
hrough an eye connected therewith, or other device for giving a loose engagement
etween said parts, and the rod is provided with fixed collars at either side of this
ose connection, which cause the shifting of the toggle-lever. The rod I may,
owever, be connected to the toggle in any other suitable manner.
In using the machine a grinding-roller of any desired construction is employed,
ch as a roller covered with sand-paper or other abrasive material. The surface
such a roll is necessarily limited and soon wears smooth, requiring frequent
newing.
In Figure 10 I have shewn a grinding tool consisting of an endless belt G²,

page_text: of sand-paper or other material, having an abrasive surface running on the roll G
and an idle-roller G³, mounted on a suitable spindle secured to the rearwardly
extending arm of the carrier. This construction provides a much larger surface
of grinding material, which will last longer without renewing. The belt G2 will
be operated by the roller G', and will be reciprocated by the carrier and said
roller through the instrumentality of the screw g in the manner before described.
In addition to the grinding mechanism, I also provide a cutting-tool, which is
intended to be used first in turning down the roll to be operated upon, and the roll
is then finished by grinding.
The cylindrical socket K, which receives the cutting tool, is provided with a
sleeve k, which is fitted to slide on the upper rod a of the frame, and this sleeve is
caused to traverse with the carrier F by means of two ribs or horns k³ ³, located
on the inner side of said sleeve and adapted to be engaged alternately by a
projection on the carrier, or bracket F'.
The tool-holder consists of a cylindrical bolt or stem K', the head of which is
provided with a cutting tool in any usual or desired manner. This holder is placed
in the cylindrical socket, the upper edge of which is provided with one or more
notches, adapted to be engaged by corresponding lugs on the tool-holder. The
stem may extend entirely through the socket K and be secured by means of a
nut, as shewn in Figures 2 and 5, or it may be used without a nut, if desired, so as
to be instantly removable, in which case it may be made with a shorter stem, as
indicated in dotted lines, Figure 9.
The construction of the lugs and notches before described will prevent the tool-
holder and tool from turning in the socket.
The inclination of the tool-carrier and tool and the adjustment of the tool with
respect to the work is effected by adjusting the table E in the manner heretofore
described. To this end the carrier F is provided with depending arms, to which is
attached the short horizontal guide-bar 13, and the tool-carrier is pivotally con-
nected to said bar by a connecting bar k, (see Figure 5,) engaging the same and
pivoted to a depending arm of the tool-carrier. It will be seen that when the
table E is lowered the grinding-roller will be moved away from the work, and by
means of the connecting bar k, just described, the sleeve will be moved about the
bar a to bring the cutting-tool nearer the work. In this manner the tool may be
adjusted so as to turn down the leather roll, and the grinding-roller will remain
meanwhile out of contact with the same. The grinding-roll may then be brought
into engagement with the leather-roll by adjusting the table E so as to raise the
same, and this will cause the cutting-tool to move away from the work.
The cutting-tool is caused to traverse from one end of the leather-roll to the
other, and no farther; but it is desirable in order to secure uniform grinding of said
roll that the grinding-roller should be carried past the end of the same before
reversing. In order to effect this without carrying the cutting-tool beyond the end
of the roll, where it would come into injurious contact with the work-holding
devices, provide the construction already described of the lug f* on the carrier
engaging one of two lugs k', located on the sleeve k at a short distance apart. By
means of this construction when the tools have been carried to the end of their
movement the cutting-tool will have stopped substantially at the end of the work,
while the grinding-roll will have been carried past the end of the same.
reverse movement begins, the grinding-roll will begin to travel by itself until it
reaches a position in advance of the cutting-tool, when the lug f* will strike one
of the lugs on the tool-carrier, and the two tools will then move together. It
will thus be seen that the grinding-roll precedes the cutting tool when moving in
both directions and the cutting tool is given a period of rest at the end of each
traverse, while the grinding-tool is moving the distance between the two lugs k¹ k
on the tool-carrier. The rod f³ permits the connecting bar to slide thereon and
maintain the connection between the carrier and the sleeve k.
When the
It will be seen that the tool-carriage offers a resistance to the carrier Fon the
front of the machine, and to prevent this from causing said carrier to bind in its

page_text: groove I provide the arm f¹ with a suitable weight as indicated in dotted lines,
Figure 2, which causes a resistance at the rear of the machine to counterbalance
the resistance of the tool-carrier, and this enables the carrier F to move evenly and
smoothly.
In the use and operation of the machine above described a roll to be ground and
trued is placed in engagement with the cup-centres D, as before described, and set
in rotation. The cutter is then adjusted to turn down the roll and the mechanism
started, the collars i having been previously adjusted to secure the automatic
reversing of the traverse at the proper points. The arrangement of the shell and
screw, before described, will cause the grinding-roll carrier F and cutting-tool to
reciprocate automatically while the roll is being turned. The table E is then raised
by means of the screw-handle e to throw the cutting-tool out of engagement with
the work and bring the grinding-roller into engagement with the same.
grinding-roll will then be reciprocated, as before, and will smooth and finish the
leather-roll. It is obvious that the cutting-tool could be omitted and the con-
struction herein shewn and described could be used for grinding card-cylinders and
other analogous purposes, and the construction for effecting the reciprocating
traverse of the grinding-roll could be used for other turning and grinding machines
where a rotating and reciprocating movement is desired.
The
I do not wish to be limited to the exact construction herein shewn and described,
as variations can be made in many details without departing from the spirit of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a turning and finishing machine, the supporting-frame consisting of the end
picces or standards and rods connecting the same, in combination with a stationary
head-stock and a movable head-stock adapted to slide on said rods the adjustable
connector adapted to connect said head-stocks at different distances apart, and means
interposed between said connector and one of said head-stocks for moving said
movable head-stock toward and from the stationary head-stock, substantially as
described.
2. In a turning and finishing machine, the supporting-frame consisting of the end
pieces or standards and rods connecting the same, in combination with a stationary
head-stock and a movable head-stock adapted to slide on said rods, the adjustable
connector, the weighted lever connected with the movable head-stock, and connector,
said connections being the one eccentric to the other, substantially as described.
3. The combination, with the frame of the machine having parallel rods extending
ongitudinally of the same, of the fixed head-stock mounted rigidly on said rods, the
novable head-stock adapted to slide on said rods, and the notched bar and weighted
ever connecting said head-stocks, substantially as described.
4. In a turning and finishing machine, the combination, with a traversing tool, of
constantly-revolving slotted shell and the revolving screw within the same, said
ool being mounted on said shell and engaging said screw, and means for rotating
aid wheel and screw in the same direction, substantially as described.
5. In a turning and finishing machine, the combination, with a traversing tool, of
revolving slotted shell and the revolving screw rotating within the same in the
me direction, said tool being mounted on said shell and engaging said screw, and
eans for varying the relative speeds of said shell and screw, substantially as
escribed.
6. In a turning and finishing machine, the combination, with a traversing tool, of
slotted shell revolving constantly at a uniform speed, a revolving screw rotating
the same direction within said shell, said tool being mounted on said shell and
gaging the screw, and means for rotating the screw at a greater and less speed
an said shell to produce the reciprocating traverse of the tool, substantially as
escribed.
7. In a turning and finishing machine, the combination, with the slotted shell

page_text: revolving constantly at a uniform speed and a revolving screw rotating within said
shell at a greater degree of speed, of a traversing tool mounted on said shell and
engaging said screw and means for reducing the speed of the screw below that of
the shell, substantially as described.
8. The combination, with the shipping-block, of the spring-pressed toggle-lever
loosely engaging the same and the sliding bar for actuating the toggle-lever,
substantially as described.
9. The combination, with the machine-frame having a rod extending longitudinally
of the same, of a tool-carrier mounted pivotally on said rod, a table carrying another
tool pivotally mounted on said rod, connections between the tool-carrier and the
table, and means for adjusting the table on the rod as an axis, whereby the adjust-
ment of the two tools is simultaneously effected, substantially as described.
10. The combination, with the traversing grinding-tool and means for moving the
same, of the cutter engaged by parts connected to said grinding-tool and moved
thereby, the engagement permitting lost motion at the reversing points, substantially
as described.
11. The combination, with the traversing grinding-tool and means for moving the
same, of the cutter engaged by parts connected to said grinding-tool, one tool being
provided with separated projections adapted to be engaged alternately by a projection
from the other part lying between the same, substantially as described.
12. In a turning and finishing machine, the work-holding devices consisting of
blocks provided with self-centering apertures and independently-adjustable clamping
devices, substantially as described.
13. In a turning and finishing machine, the work-holding devices consisting of
blocks provided with self-centering apertures, the sliding crotch, and clamping
device, and means for adjusting the same independently toward and from each other,
substantially as described.
14. In a turning and finishing machine, the combination, with the work-holding
devices, of the vertical tool-holding socket having a locking recess in its upper edge
and a tool having a stem fitting said socket and provided with a projection fitting
said recess, whereby said tool is securely held in operative position and may be
instantly removed from its holder, substantially as described.
Dated the 101
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.