IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Pilling and Robert Scaife, both of Colne,
in the County of Lancaster, Overlookers, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 19th June 1866, and dated the 3rd January 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Pilling and
Robert Scaife at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 3rd January 1866.
We, JAMES PILLING and ROBERT SCAIFE, both of Colne, in the County of
Lancaster, Overlookers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to the spindles and flyers employed in the mechanism
termed "throstles," and consists in connecting the wharve and flyer to each
other by means of a tube extending from the wharve to the flyer; this tube
carrying the flyer and driven by the wharve revolves upon a fixed or stationary
spindle, and passes through the hole in the centre of the bobbin, and the bore
of the tube is of such a size or diamet.r as to fit tightly and yet to revolve

page_text: easily on the fixed or stationary spindle. The tube is constructed with a solid
top upon which the flyer is screwed, in which solid top a small hole is made
for oiling, and this solid top bears on and revolves on the pointed top of the
fixed or stationary spindle; this solid top and the tube and spindle may be
male of steel or other metal.
By this arrangement the footstep rail in "throstles" is dispensed with, the
collar rail only being requisite in which the fixed or stationary spindle is
mounted, the wharve being placed above the collar rail, and under the lift
rail, the tube passing upwards through the lift rail and extending up to the
flyer, this arrangement also enables us to spin fibrous material at an increased
speed and with great economy in power, as the tube wharve and flyer are
considerably lighter than the ordinary throstle spindle.
The chief feature of the Invention being the use of a flyer and wharve
connected together by a tube, the whole revolving upon a fixed spindle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Pilling and Robert Scaife in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd July 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
PILLING and ROBERT SCAIFE, both of Colue, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlookers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Pilling and Robert Scaife, Her special license that we, the said
James Pilling and Robert Scaife, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said James Pilling and Robert Scaife, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Pilling and Robert
Scaife, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Pilling and Robert Scaife,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to
say):-
Our Invention relates to the spindles and flyers employed in the mechanism
termed throstles, or in other machinery for spinning wherein spindles and
flyers are used, and the improvements consist in connecting the wharve and
flyer to each other by means of a tube extending from the wharve to the
flyer; this tube carrying the flyer and driven by the wharve revolves upon a
fixed or stationary spindle, and passes through the hole in the centre of the
bobbin; and the bore of the tube is of such a size or diameter as to fit tightly
and yet to revolve easily on the fixed or stationary spindle. The tube is:
constructed with a solid top, upon which the flyer is screwed, in which solid
top a small hole is made for oiling, and this solid top bears on and revolves
on the pointed top of the fixed or stationary spindle; this solid top and the
tube and spindle may be made of steel or other metal. By this arrangement
the footstep rail in "throstles is dispensed with, the collar rail only being
requisite in which the fixed or stationary spindle is mounted, the wharve
being placed above the collar rail and under the lift rail, the tube extending
up to the flyer. This arrangement also enables us to spin fibrous material
at an increased speed and with great economy in power, as the tube, wharve,
and flyer are considerably lighter than the ordinary throstle spindle. The
chief feature of the Invention being the use of a flyer and wharve connected
together by a tube, the whole revolving upon a fixed spindle.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made about the full
size.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of two of the improved spindles and
flyers, as used in the ordinary "throstle frame;" and Fig. 2 represents a
vertical section of the wharve and tube to which the "flyer" is attached,
and also the manner in which the said tube is supported on the fixed
spindle.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a, a, is the tube which extends between and connects
the wharve b with the "flyer" c; this tube a carrying the "flyer" c is driven

page_text: by the "wharve" b, revolves upon the fixed or stationary spindle d, and
passes through the hole in the centre of the bobbin e, and the internal
diameter or "bore" of the tube a is of such dimensions as to fit and revolve
easily on the fixed or stationary spindle d. The upper extremity of this tube
is made solid, upon which the "flyer" c is screwed; this solid top bears and
revolves upon the pointed top of the fixed spindle d, and this said solid
portion of the tube is also provided with the hole e, which is used as a channel
for conveying oil to the interior frictional surfaces of the tube and spindle.
The fixed spindles are secured in the bottom rail f, which occupys the position
of the ordinary "bolster" rail of the throstle, the footstep rail usual in such
machines being dispensed with when this improved arrangement of "flyer"
and spindle are employed. The bobbin e when placed on the tube a bears
upon the lifting or "copping rail" g above the wharves, such rail g being
provided with holes h of sufficient diameter to leave a slight distance between
them and the clearance tube during the rise and fall of the said rail.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly
understood that we claim connecting each flyer employed in spinning
machinery with a wharve by means of a tube passing through the hole in
the centre of the bobbin, the whole revolving on the pointed top of a fixed
or stationary spindle, as herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated
in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Pilling and Robert Scaife,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
JAMES PILLING.
(L.S.)
ROBERT SCAIFE. (L.S.)