AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN STEEL PENS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
WRIGGLESWORTH, of Bedford Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Second day of December, in the eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Wrigglesworth, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said James Wrigglesworth, my exors, admors, and
assigns, and such others as I, the said James Wrigglesworth, my exors,
adiiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
that part of Her Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
called England, Her Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my
Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN STEEL PENS;"
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that I, the said James
Wrigglesworth, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, under my hand

page_text: and seal, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Wrigglesworth, hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion consists in giving to steel pens any required degrees of elasticity and
flexibility, combined with any required degrees of thickness at the points
or nibs, and that by means which have not hitherto been employed (where-
fore I propose to call my pen the Eureka Pen), namely, the application of
chemical instead of mechanical agents, for the purpose of reducing or shaping
any required part or parts of steel pens, by which means they are rendered
equal for all purposes to the best or finest quill pens.
And the manner in which my said Invention is performed is as follows:-
I first make the steel pens in the usual way of one thickness throughout,
which thickness must be regulated according to that required to be given to
the points or nibs. I then dip the points or nibs, and any other part desired
to be protected, in varnish, drying oil, or liquid fat, or any other matter or
mixture capable of resisting the action of the chemical agents which I employ
for the purpose of reducing or shaping the part or parts required. I then
immerse or dip the pens to any required depth and for any suitable time in
nitrous acid, diluted to any specific gravity, and kept at a temperature corre-
sponding to the specific gravity, or into any other chemical substance capable
of eating away, biting out, or reducing the metal to any desired extent.
this I plunge them into hot water, if they have been protected by any fatty or
oily substances, and into an alkaline mixture if any varnish or drying oil has
been used, to rid or free them of any of these or other matters which may be
adhering thereto. By thus making my pens of certain determined thicknesses
throughout, of certain defined forms and shapes, and of any required breadth
at the points or nibs, I can make them to suit all sorts of hands and every
kind of writing, and drawing for which pens are required.
.
'
After
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as my
Invention is, the rendering of steel pens elastic or flexible by means of chemical
agents applied to certain parts thereof, as before described.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fifth
day of February, One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
་
JAMES (L.B.) WRIGGLESWORTH.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifth day of February, in the
aforesaid James Wrigglesworth came before
Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
every thing therein contained and specified, in
year of our Lord 1845, the
our said Lady the Queen in
cation aforesaid, and all and
form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-five.