Improvements in Jacquards or Dobbies Employed in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 29th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th June, 1888
Improvements in Jacquards or Dobbies Employed in Looms for
Weaving.
I, JAMES WILD, of St. John's Road Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Retired Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to that part of jacquards or dobbies of looms for weaving,
employed for operating the heald's and shuttle boxes, and also for controlling the
picking mechanism; my improvements being specially applicable to that class of
foom called the American loom, and made by Hutchinson, Hollingworth, and Com-
pany, of Dobcross. In this class of loom the pegging mechanism is composed of bowls
threaded onto pins or studs placed horizontally, a series of such studs carrying bowls
being employed; which bowls, as they come into contact with levers and other devices
operate them according to their arrangements, for the purpose of selecting the parts
it is desirable to operate.
To the use of these bowls there are several objections; not only in regard to cost
(which, however, is considerable, as each bowl, after being cast, is bored and turned
up true) but when changes are required, either in the healds, boxes, or picking
mechanism these bowls have to be changed, necessitating the withdrawal of the stud
which carries the bowls from its position and the removal therefrom of the bowls for
the purpose of substituting rings whose diameters are too little to operate the parts;
in addition to which I have found in practice that as the sides of the bowls and rings,
wear away by frictional contact during their frequent rotation that the parts get a
lateral or sidewise motion, in which case the bowls fail to operate the proper levers,
consequently producing defective weaving thereby.
To dispense with these changeable bowls is the object of my invention, which I
effect by the employment of ordinary wood lags perforated for the reception of
detachable pegs having semicircular or crescent shaped heads, any of which can be
immediately removed and placed into any other perforations according to the pattern
or make of cloth intended to bo woven.
By this means a considerable saving in cost is effected, besides the saving of time
when changes have to be made.

page_text: Instead of my improved peg lags operating direct upon the horizontal levers carrying
pinions, which are thrown into and out of gear with the upper and lower segments
employed in the American loom, the pegging mechanism may operate bell crank or
other form of levers arranged side by side, any one of which are actuated according
to requirements by the peg lags, for the purpose of selecting the jacquard needles
which are arranged to slide underneath the said horizontal levers, the upper
surfaces of which needles are made with inclines or bevel surfaces, which allow
the horizontal levers to drop, or to be lifted, as the needles are slid, which is
done by a reciprocatory crosshar; and in some cases the wedges or inclines on the
needles may be compounded or made with inclines opposed to each other, so that
each time the needles are moved either backward or forward they operate the
horizontal levers carrying the pinion wheels, whereby the dobby or jacquard would
become double acting.
Although I have herein before stated that my improvements are specially applicable
to the American Loom, it will be understood that such improvements are also equally
applicable to other kinds or makes of Looms in which bowls, or pullies, threaded onto
a horizontal rod, or pin are used.
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2

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Jacquards or Dobbies Employed in Looms for
Weaving.
I, JAMES WILD, of St. John's Road, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Retired Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My improvements relate to that part of Jacquards or dobbies of looms for weaving,
employed for operating the healds and shuttle boxes and also for controlling the
picking mechanism; such said improvements being especially applicable to that class
of loom called the "American Loom" and made by Hutchinson Hollingworth and
Company of Dobcross. In this description of loom the pegging mechanism consists
of a series of studs or pins carrying bowls, which, as the latter come into contact with
levers and other devices, operate them, according to their arrangement, for the purpose
of selecting the parts it is desirable to operate.
To the use of these bowls there are several objections, not only in regard to cost
(which, however, is considerable, as each bowl, after being cast, is bored and turned
up true) but when changes are required, either in the healds, boxes, or picking
mechanism, these bowls have to be changed, thereby necessitating the withdrawal of
the stud, carrying the bowls, from its position, and the removal therefrom of the
bowls for the purpose of substituting rings of smaller diameter, which will not operate
the parts, and in addition to the above I have found in practice that as the sides of
the bowls and rings wear away by frictional contact during their frequent rotation, the
parts get a lateral or sidewise motion, in which case the bowls fail to operate the
proper levers and consequently produce defective weaving.
To dispense with these changeable bowls is the object of my invention, which I
effect by the employment of ordinary wood lags perforated for the reception of
detachable pegs having semicircular or crescent shaped heads, any of which can be
immediately removed and placed into any other perforations according to the pattern
or make of cloth intended to be woven.
In order that this part of my invention may be better understood, and more readily
carried into effect, I will now proceed to describe the same more fully, reference
being had to the annexed sheet of Drawings and to the letters of reference marked
thereon.
My improved pegs are shown at A in side elevation Fig. 1 and cross sections
Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, in each of which figures the said pegs A are represented as being
secured to the ordinary wood lags B. The peg A consists of a tail piece or pin having
a semicircular or crescent shaped head, the upper surface a of which answers the
same purpose and acts upon the parts for operating the healds and shuttle boxes and
controlling the picking mechanism in precisely the same manner as the ordinary
bowls at present employed, the object of employing these pegs being to prevent loss

page_text: of time when changes are required in the healds, boxes, or picking mechanism,
according to the nature and pattern of cloth being woven; the method of securing
the pegs in the wood lags, by means of tail pieces or pins thereon, roducing the time
required for detaching and altering or varying the positions of the pegs on the wood
lags for the purposes named, to a minimum, and considerably lessening the labour
incurred in making these changes; whilst the cost of these pegs is much less than
the cost of bowls.
The pegs A may be cast in one piece in malleable iron, brass, or other suitable
metal, or the head and tail piece or pin may be cast separately and afterwards secured
together by any suitable means or in any suitable manner.
In Figs. 1 and 2 I shew one method of holding the pegs A in the perforations in
the wood lag B. In this case small holes or openings 6 are bored through the centre
of the lower extremities of the tail pieces or pins of the pegs A so that when the said
tail pieces have been placed into the perforations in the wood lag B a pin c is slided
end wise in a groove cut in the underside of the lag B and passes through the openings b,
so that it will be impossible for the pegs to fall out or be removed until the pin c is
withdrawn.
As there is a difficulty in boring the holes 6 exact, I prefer to form the holes b
somewhat as shewn in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 shews another method of securing the pegs.A
in the lag B which consists in dispensing with the central tail piece or pin and
employing two pins or legs d composed of suitable soft metal, which may be cast or
otherwise secured to the semicircular or crescent shaped head. I then bore holes e
on each side of the centre of the said lag B which diverge from each other as they extend
from the top to the bottom of the lag, so that when the pins or legs d are placed in
the holes or perforations e and forced downwards, the softness of the metal of which
they are composed allows them to assume the same angles as the perforations e,
whereby the pegs cannot fall out or detach themselves from the lag B, but they may
be easily detached therefrom when required by means of pincers or by the hand.
Although it is preferable to secure the pegs A in the lags B as shewn and
described, or in any other suitable manner, so that there is no risk of them falling
out, the tail pieces or pins of the pegs A may be slightly tapered and forced into
the perforations in the lag B, as shewn in Fig. 5, but it will be understood that
if the openings or perforations in the lags become enlarged from usage or other
causes, there would then be nothing to hold the pegs and consequently they would
drop out.
Instead of my improved pegs operating direct upon the horizontal levers carrying
pinions which are thrown into and out of gear with the upper and lower segments
employed in the "American loom," the pegging mechanism may operate horizontal
levers arranged side by side, any one of which will be actuated according to
requirements by the peg lags through intermediate mechanism.
This part of my invention is shewn at Fig. 6 where C are horizontal levers,
arranged side by side, and carrying pinions which are thrown into and out of gear
with the upper and lower segments employed in the American Loom as afterwards
set forth. D is the pegging barrel carrying the lags B having my improved pegs A
thereon; 9 are the selectors connected at one end to vertical levers h, the opposite
ends of the selectors being hooked as shewn. The upper surfaces of the vertical
levers are inclined, upon which rest the bowls i secured by studs to the lever C.
When the barrel D is partially rotated so as to place the peg lags in position, the
pegs A thereon raise the selectors g out of the way of the reciprocatory cross bar j,
but where there are no pegs A, the selectors remain stationary, so that when the
cross bar j moves in the direction of the arrow, it strikes against the hooked ends
of these selectors and carries them also in the direction of the arrow, whereby the
levers h are moved upon their fulcra k, causing the bowls i to ride up the inclines at
the upper ends of said levers h, thus raising the levers C and placing the pinions f
connected to the levers which have been raised into gear with the ordinary segments.
The crossbar is connected to the cross bar j so that on the return movement of
the latter, the bar strikes against the levers h, which have been operated and places

page_text: them in their original positions. In some cases the inclines on the levers / may be
compounded, or the upper surfaces of the levers / made with inclines opposed to each
other, as shewn in Fig. 7, so that each time the vertical levers are moved either
backward or forward, they operate the horizontal levers carrying the pinion wheels,
whereby the dobby or jacquard would become double acting. Fig. 8 shews a
modification of lever h, where, instead of having an incline or inclines on its upper
surface, a friction bowl m is secured thereto, which rests against curved or inclined
surfaces formed on the underside of the lever C so that on the said levers being
operated as above set forth, the bowl m is caused to travel from one curved surface
to the other, whereby the levers C are raised and the pinions thereon placed in gear
with the segments. Where the levers Care operated by the peg lags through
intermediate mechanism as last shewn and described, I find that the pegs A will
answer equally as well and will be much lighter if made like the peg shown in
Fig. 9; but when the said pegs operate direct upon the levers C only those shewn in
Figures 1 to 5 should be used.
Although I have hereinbefore stated that my improvements are specially applicable
to the American Loom, it will be understood that such improvements are also equally
applicable to other kinds or makes of looms in which bowls or pulleys, threaded on to
a horizontal rod or pin, are used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be carried into effect, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. In peg lags employed in jacquard mechanism, the combination therewith
of the semicircular or crescent shaped detachable pegs such as A for purposes
substantially as described, said pegs being secured to the lags in any of the methods
herein shewn and described or other convenient manner.
Secondly. The manufacture of lags made with grooves to receive the horizontal
wires c, as herein shewn and described.
Thirdly. The manufacture of lags having a double row of holes for the reception
of pins or legs das herein described and shewn in Fig. 4.
Fourthly. The means and apparatus substantially as described and shewn in
Figs. 6, 7, and 8 for operating the horizontal levers C.
Dated this 28th day of May 1888.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.