IMPROVEMENTS IN FUMIGATORS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF VERMIN, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Stephen Bateson, of Bolton Street, May-
fair, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FUMIGATORS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF VERMIN, AND
OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 7th October 1871, and dated the 28th April 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Stephen
Bateson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
.
Petition, on the 28th April 1871.
I, SAMUEL STEPHEN BATESON, of Bolton Street, Mayfair, in the County
of Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUMIGATORS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF VERMIN, AND
OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a universal fumigator of a simple and
economical construction and arrangement, suitable according to the
mode in which it is used, and the fumigating materials employed, either

page_text: for destroying vermi in MICH MICS OF S
insects, or for disinfecting sick rooms or hospital wards, or for perfuming
apartments, or public halls, or theatres.
My improved fumigator consists of a rotatory fan driven by a spur
wheel and pinion, and contained inside a cast-iron case, provided with
a discharging nozzle at the circumference, and with an inlet orifice in
the centre of the side opposite to that on which the driving gear is
situate; this side plate being removeable to admit of the introduction
of the fan and its spindle, and then secured by screws. The fan is
carried on one end of a short spindle, which revolves in a long bush
or collar bearing cast in the gearing side of the casing. The axis of
the main actuating spur wheel is carried in a loose bracket screwed to
the fan casing and capable of adjustment, so as to insure the teeth of
the wheels always gearing easily into cach other. A handle on the
main wheel serves to drive the fan. On to the nozzle which forms
the central inlet opening, and which is made slightly tapered outside,
and is cast in one with the removeable side plate of the fan casing,
there is fitted one end of a bent or syphon pipe curving downwards,
the other end of such bent pipe fitting over a corresponding tapered
nozzle piece cast on one side and some few inches up from the bottom
of a vertical pipe, forming a deposit chamber, which is expanded at
its upper end, and communicates with a wrought-iron receiver or vessel
for containing the substance to be employed for fumigation, which may
be any of the well known substances now in use according to the
purpose to which the fumigator is for the time being to be employed.
This vessel is provided with a lid or cover, which may or may not be
perforated, as found desirable, and the bottom of such vessel is formed
by a loose or moveable grating or perforated plate. At the lower
extremity of the vertical pipe or deposit chamber beneath the vessel or
receiver there is fitted a hinged lid or door, through which may be
readily removed any accumulation of deposit which may take place
therein arising from the combustion of the substance employed in the
vessel above, whilst the vapour or fume when the fan is rotated is
allowed to pass along the bent syphon pipe into the fan case, and be
thence expelled with some force through the outlet opening. This
opening has fitted thereon any convenient length of flexible tubing,
which may be furnished either with a perforated rose jet or with à

page_text: plain nozzle, according to the purposes to which it is to be applied.
The syphon tube is coupled or locked to the nozzles on the fan case
and deposit chamber respectively by means of hinged T-headed catches
and lugs.
In destroying vermin, such as rats, for example, according to my
Invention by means of this fumigator, I take paper, rags, or other
suitable material dipped in melted sulphur, and place the same inside
the vessel or receiver and then ignite it. On rotating the fan the
sulphurous fumes will be drawn from the vessel through the syphon
pipe into the casing, and expelled therefrom through the outlet pipe,
the nozzle on the end of the flexible tubing being inserted into the
rat hole, any other outlets being, by preference, closed. The same
system may be employed for fumigating a room or enclosed space with
a view to exterminating noxious insects, the nozzle of the fumigating
pipe being inserted through any small opening, in the door, for example,
after all the other outlets have been closed.
In disinfecting a sick room or in perfuming an apartment a rosc jet or
disperser may be fitted on to the pipe, and any well known and suitable
disinfectant, perfuming substance, or liquid placed inside the vessel or
receiver, and used either in a state of combustion or otherwise, as found
most advisable.
Any well known liquid or chemical substance which will evolve gas
or vapour may be employed by putting it in a convenient receptacle
placed inside the before-mentioned receiver or vessel, so that the gas
or vapour may be drawn through the apparatus and expelled in the
same manner as the fumes or smoke arising from combustion, as before
mentioned.
0
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Stephen Bateson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 26th October 1871.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, Her special 5
license that I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel
Stephen Bateson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully 1
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUMIGATORS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF VERMIN
AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say:-
My said Invention relates to a universal fumigator of, a simple and-
economical construction and arrangement, suitable according to the mode
in which it is used, and the fumigating materials employed, either for
destroying destructive animals or vermin in their holes or runs, or for
destroying noxious insects, or for disinfecting sick rooms, or hospital
wards, or for perfuming apartments, or public halls, or theatres.
My improved fumigator consists of a rotatory fan, driven by a spur
wheel and pinion, or by friction gear, and contained inside a cast-iron
case provided with a discharging nozzle at the circumference, and with
an inlet orifice in the centre of the side opposite to that on which the
:

page_text: •
The
driving gear is situate, this side plate being removeable to admit of the
Introduction of the fan and its spindle, and then secured by screws.
fan is carried on one end of a spindle to which it is secured by a
transverse pin passing through the boss of the fan and through the said
spindle. This spindle revolves in a long bush or collar bearing cast in
the gearing side of the casing, and has cast or otherwise formed upon its
outer end the grooved frictional pinion employed in driving it. The
axis of the main actuating wheel which gears into the said pinion is
carried in a bracket screwed to the fan casing, and is capable of adjust-
ment by means of a screw, so as to ensure the wheel and pinion always
gearing properly into each other. A handle on the main wheel serves
to drive the fan. On to a nozzle which forms the central inlet opening
and which is made slightly tapered outside, and is cast in one with the
removeable side plate of the fan casing, there is fitted one end of a bent
or syphon pipe curving downwards, the other end of such bent pipe
fitting over a corresponding tapered nozzle piece cast on one side, and
some few inches up from the bottom of a vertical pipe, forming a deposit
chamber which it expanded at its upper end and communicates with a
wrought-iron receiver or vessel for containing the substance to be
employed for fumigation, which may be any of the well known sub-
stances now in use according to the purpose to which the fumigator is
for the time being to be employed. This vessel is provided with a lid
or cover which may or may not be perforated as found desirable, and
the bottom of such vessel is formed by a loose or moveable grating or
perforated plate. At the lower extremity of the vertical pipe or deposit
chamber beneath the vessel or receiver there is fitted a hinged lid or
door, through which may be readily removed any accumulation of
deposit which may take place therein arising from the combustion of
the substance employed in the vessel above, whilst the vapour or fume
when the fan is rotated is allowed to pass along the bent syphon pipe
into the fan case and be thence expelled with some force through the
outlet opening. This opening has fitted thercon a convenient length
of flexible tubing which may be furnished either with a perforated rose
jet or with a plain nozzle, according to the purposes to which it is to be
applied. The syphon tube is coupled or locked to the nozzles on the
fan case and deposit chamber respectively, either by means of hinged
T headed catches, or by means of hinged bolts and nuts engaging into
lugs.

page_text: In destroying vermin, such as rats, for example, by means of this
fumigator, I take paper, rags, or other suitable material dipped in melted
sulphur, and place the same inside the vessel or receiver and then ignite
it. On rotating the fan the sulphurous fumes will be drawn downwards
from the vessel through the perforated bottom or grating and through
the syphon pipe into the casing, and expelled therefrom through the
outlet pipe, the nozzle on the end of the flexible tubing being inserted
into the rat hole, any other outlet from the run being, by preference,
previously closed. The same system may be employed for fumigating
a room or enclosed space with a view to exterminating noxious insects,
the nozzle of the fumigating pipe being inserted through any small
opening in the door, for example, after all the other outlets have been
closed.
In disinfecting a sick room, or in perfuming an apartment, a rose jet or
disperser may be fitted on to the pipe, and any well known and suitable
disinfectant, or perfuming substance, or volatile liquid placed inside the
vessel or receiver, and used either in a state of combustion or otherwise,
as found most advisable.
Any well known and suitable liquid or chemical substance which
will evolve gas or vapour may be employed by putting it in a convenient
receptacle placed inside the before-mentioned receiver or vessel, so that
the gas or vapour may be drawn through the apparatus and expelled in
the same manner as the fumes or smoke arising from combustion, as
before mentioned, or when using a liquid a sponge or other absorbent
material soaked in the liquid may be placed in the receiver or vessel.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a side elevation of my improved
fumigator; Figure 2 is a vertical section thereof, looking at right angles
to Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a sectional plan corresponding to Figure 1,
shewing the flexible pipe and nozzle attached.
A is a fan casing cast in one piece with the foot or base B, and having
one side open for the introduction of the fan C, after which this side of

page_text: the casing is closed by the loose side plate D, which is attached to the
outside of the casing by screws which secure it to the internal flange a, a,
on the casing. On the circumference of the casing there is cast the
slightly tapered nozzle E, on to which is shrunk one end of the flexible
tube F (by preference of vulcanized india-rubber, as shewn in Figure 3),
the said tube being provided at its opposite end oither with a plain
tapered nozzle G, as shewn in Figure 3, or with a rose jet according to
the purpose for which the fumigator is to be applied. In the centre and
on the interior face of the permanently closed side of the casing there is
cast a long collar bearing or boss b which supports the rotatory spindle c
of the fan. The outer end of this spindle has formed upon it the
V grooved friction driving pulley d, into which engages the wedge
shaped driving wheel e. This wheel is loosely mounted upon the axis f,
which slides in a slot in the bracket g secured to the casing, an adjusting
| screw serving to push forward the axis and cause the rim of the
wheel e to engage with sufficient friction in the V groove of the small
pulley. is a handle for driving the wheel e. The fan consists of any
required number of blades having a central hollow boss k cast thereon,
which boss is slipped on to the inner protruding end of the spindle c, and
is secured thereon by a pin or cottar driven through it and through the
spindle transversely. H is a handle hinged to the top of the casing for
the facility of transport. In the centre of the detachable side plate or
cover D is cast the slightly tapered nozzle forming the inlet to the fan,
and on to this tapered nozzle there is fitted one end of the bent or
syphon pipe I, which is made slightly conical inside in order to fit
accurately over the conical exterior of the inlet nozzle. The lower or
opposite end of the bent pipe I is similarly fitted on to a slightly tapered
branch or nozzle m cast on the side of the deposit chamber K a few
inches above the bottom. The joints between the two ends of the bent
or syphon pipe I and their respective nozzles and m are maintained and
tightened up by means of hinged screw bolts o, o, carried on the nozzles,
and engaging in slotted lugs p, p, on the two ends of the bent pipe, the
nuts on the hinged screw bolts serving to tighten up the joints when the
parts are put together. In order to separate the parts it is simply.
requisite to slacken the nuts a little and to knock out the bolts from the
slots in the lugs. The bottom of the deposit chamber K is closed by a
hinged door g, which can be readily knocked open when required for the
purpose of removing any deposit of sulphur or other substance in the

page_text: chamber K. The upper portion of this chamber is expanded and
provided with a removeable perforated plate or grating r, which forms
the bottom of the receptacle L for the substance or material to be
employed in fumigating; this receptacle may consist of a sheet metal
vessel fitting at its lower end inside the rim or lip at 8, s, round the 5
upper edge of the casting forming the deposit chamber, to which the
said vessel may be permanently secured by rivets or otherwise. The top
of the vessel or receptacle L is provided with a loose fitting hinged or
other lid or cover M, perforated or not, as preferred, and has a cross
handle N hinged thereto for carrying the receptacle and deposit chamber 1
when detached from the syphon pipe I, or from the fan.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The constructing of fumigators with a deposit chamber for
collecting any deposit that may be produced by the fumes or vapours
employed, substantially as herein-before described.
Second. The application of a door to the bottom of the said deposit
chamber for the purpose herein specified.
A
Third. The connecting the upper part of the deposit chamber with the
fan casing by means of a bent or syphon pipe, which joins the fan casing
at a higher level than the outlet from the deposit chamber, whereby the
liability of the fan to become clogged by the entrance of deposit and
foreign matters from the vessel or receiver into the interior of the casing
is reduced, as herein-before described.
Fourth. The combination in a fumigator of the vessel L, deposit
chamber K with its door 2, bent pipe I, fan C, and flexible pipe and
nozzle G, all arranged to operate together, substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein-before described.
"
Fifth. The application and use of the herein-before described fumigator
to and in the exterminating of destructive animals and vermin, such
as rabbits, moles, rats, and mice, the destruction of noxious insects of
all kinds, the disinfecting of sick rooms and hospital wards, and the

page_text: perfuming of apartments and public halls, theatres, and places of enter-
tainment generally as hercin-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, have to
this my Specification set my hand and seal, the Nineteenth day
of October One thousand eight hundred and seventy-onc.
SAMUEL STEPHEN BATESON. (L.s.)