Improved Means for Opening Sash Windows.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1894
(omplete Specification Left, 29th May, 1895-Accepted, 10th Aug., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Opening Sash Windows.
I, ROBERT FRAME, of Glenview House Larkhall in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to provide more efficient means for opening
windows inwardly and consists as follows. I provide the top or outer window sash
with a pair of hinges each having one or more slots which engage with corre-
sponding projections secured to the parting bead, and the lower or front window
sash with a pair of hinges which engage with similar projections secured to the
batten rod. In applying this invention to existing windows which have weights
at each side, I provide the sash stiles at the right hand side with two cord
sockets each preferably inclined at 45° into which the knots on the cord slip,
so that when relieved from the sockets the top knot on the cord is at the top
of the pulley-stile and the bottom knot can be used as a handle when putting
the windows back, said inclined sockets may be provided with brass bushes for
security.
I also provide the framing (where there are no shutters to contend with) with a
pocket hole so as to gain access to the weights, said pocket hole being provided
with a hinged lid.
But where new windows are used I prefer to employ double weighted sashes
that is to say sashes with weights twice the usual weight at the left hand side and
no weights on the right hand side in which case I dispense with the cord sockets
referred to.
Or I may use one of the ordinary weights in connection with a double or power
increasing pulley block fitted inside the pulley stile, instead of a double weight, so
as to reduce cost of new weights.
I also step back the front pulley stile on the right hand side so as to enable the
parting bead to be hinged & folded back flush with the back pulley stile and so
allow the top sash to open inward.
I also step back the front pulley stile at the left hand side so as to enable both
window sashes to be opened inward at right angles.
The parting bead and hatten rod may be either loose or hinged as desired.
When using double weighted sashes I use a sash fastener provided with an
angled handle which acts as a guide when lowering a blind and prevents it from
resting on the top of the bottom sash, said fastener is pivotted to the bottom of the
top sash countercheck upon which 1 mount an irou tongue which engages with-a
corresponding slot in the fastener and prevents the handle from striking the glass,
the fastener is then swung round on to a graduated plate fastened on to the top of
the lower Bash countercheck and so acts as a lever and prevents the sashes (if not
properly fitted) from rattling, and also brings them level.
Dated this 28th day of August 1894.

page_text: ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of the invention is to provide more efficient means for opening
windows inwardly.
The invention relates to that claar of window wherein the sashes are hinged at
one side so as to readily open inwards for cleaning purposes, etc.
And in order that my invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a front view of a window.
Fig. 2 is a section showing the method of hanging the weights.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the window showing the upper sash sectioned but
the lower one in side view.
Fig. 4 shows a modification.
Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken through the stone-work of the window
opening and the frame.
Fig. 6 is a side view and Fig. 7 a plan of the window fastener.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are detail views.
Under this invention the batten rods 1, at each side of the window, are cut at 2
and the lower parts 1ª are hinged, as shown at Figs. 1 and 3 so as to be readily
folded back. In Fig. 3 the left hand- part 1 is shown folded back. 5 are the
hinges of the batten rods..
The lower sash 6 is at its left hand side provided with a pair of hinges 7, 7,
of peculiar construction: These hinges, which are shown in plan and side view
to an enlarged scale at Figs. 10 and 11, each consist of two hinged flaps or
leaves 7, 7. The flap or leaf 7b is secured to the side of the sash whilst
the flap or leaf 7º, which is provided with a projection or button 7º, hangs
free. Normally the hinged flap 7 lies against the front of the side. stile of the
window sash as shown at Fig. 1 but when it is desired to open the window
inwards it is bent out at right angles to the sash, to the position, shown at
Fig. 3, and so that the button. 7° enters a slot 8 in a plate 8' (see Fig. 12)
secured to the side stile of the window frame just at the back of the batten rod, as
shown at Fig. 3.
The upper sash 12 is binged in a different manner. In this case a metal plate 9
(see front view Fig. 2 and in dotted lines Fig. 1) slides in the left hand pulley
stile between the parting bead 10 and the outer bead 11 guide grooves being
made in these beads for its reception. This plate, as shown in front. and. side
view at Figs. 13 and 14, has two lugs 9 on it to which are hinged bent flaps 9.
It is also provided with a small pulley 9 at its upper end. The bent flaps 9b
are screwed to the side stile of the window sash as shown at Fig. 1 in such manner
that the sash can swing readily upon the projecting lugs 9 of the sliding
plate. A recess is cut in the side stile of the sash for the reception of the
pulley 9°.
Both the upper and lower sashes are, by preference, as shown hung at the left hand
side only. A special form of pulley is used as shown in front and side views at Figs. 8
and 9. The pulley consists of a plate having the usual bracket 13ª and wheel 14
but this wheel instead of being in the centre as usual is at one side. The plate is
also provided with a short backwardly extending cylindrical casing or knot box 15
(shown in section Fig. 9) with a reduced opening or hole at the back and which
can be closed at the front by a screw plug 16 having a central hole in it. The

page_text: cord 20 for the upper sash passes over the pulley 14, down over the small pulley 9°
of the sliding plate, up through the knot box 15, where it is tied in a knot and
the knot held in place by the plug 16 as hereinafter described, and down again
over the pulley 17 on the weight 18 (see dotted lines Fig. 2). In the case of the
lower sash the only difference is that the cord 21 passes over a pulley 19
(shown in dotted lines Figs. 3 and 4) secured in a recess in the lower sash
stile instead of over the pulley 9°. The weight for the lower sash is indicated in
dotted lines at 18 and 17 is the weight pulley. The front part of the cord 21 is.
broken away at Fig. 2.
In fixing the cords 20, 21, the two ends of each cord after being passed over the
pulleys are preferably tied in a knot and secured in the box 15. This is done by
first taking out the plug 16, then introducing one end (say a of the dotted rope
Fig. 9) through the hole in the back of the knot box and pulling it through, the
other end (Fig. 9) is then pushed through the hole in the plug 16, which is hell
in the hand, and the two ends are thereafter tied together. The first end (a) is
now pulled back until the knot is fairly in the box when the plug 16 is screwed
into place so as to hold the knot fast. If desired a knot could be made at each end
of the cord and the two knots secured in the box.
The frout pulley stile at the right hand side is stepped back, see Fig. 5, to.
enable the parting bead 10 to be hinged and folded back flush with the back.
pulley stile in order to allow the top sash to open inwards. The front pulley stile
at the left hand side is also stepped back so as to enable both window sashes to be
opened inwards at right angles.
The sash fastener 22, as shown more particularly at Figs. 6 and 7, is provided
with an angled handle 23 which acts as a guide when lowering the Venetian or
other blind and prevents it resting on the top of the bottom sash as is frequently
the case at present. Said handle is pivotted to the plate 24 on the top sash lower
cross rail or countercheck. A ridge 25 is formed on this plate for the purpose of
preventing the bandle 23 striking the glass. A curved plate 26 is also fitted on
the upper cross rail or countercheck of the lower sash and this plate is provided
with a tongue 27 below which the handle catches when the sashes are locked as
shown at Fig. 7. The plate 26 is bevelled on the under part of its curved side so.
that a small tongue 27 on the handle 23 can grip against the bevelled edge as
shown at Fig. 6, the plate is moreover slightly inclined or thickened towards the
right hand side Fig. 7. The object of the bevel and the incline is to cause the
handle with its tongue when being turned to the locking position to gradually pull
the two sashes together and bring them level thereby preventing rattling.
A small catch Fig. 15 can be used for securing the right hand hinged batten
rod 1ª.
This catch consists of a semi-circular plate 28 secured to the sash and another
semi-circular plate 29 secured to the battern rod. The plate 28 is checked at 28°
and the plate 29 has a projection at 29. The plate 29 may also be provided with
a pivotted tongue 30. When the batten rod is folded against the stile the pro-
jection 29 locks into the check 28. The tongue 30 if used also falls down into
the check 28. By merely pushing up the lower sash the catch is unfastened and
the batten rod freed.
Instead of as usual cutting the stonework with checks (see dotted lines 34
Fig. 5) for the reception of the window frame, I make the frame so that it can be
fitted directly into place and secured therein by cement. As shown at Fig. 5 the
stonework is bevelled on the lines 31, 32, and the frame fits bodily in between the
parts 31. As will also be seen at Figs. and 4 the lower part of the frame is
Cement may be
inclined so as to leave a space which is filled in with cement 33.
filled in at the top at 33 of the frame if so desired instead of wood as usual. The
The outwardly
outer face of the frame is pointed with cement in the usual way.
inclined cement bottom 33 causes any water which may gain ingress under or
through the frame to run outwards. This cement bottom also locks the frame.
securely in position.

page_text: 40 is a face moulding at the outside of the frame.
Under a modification instead of using the sliding hinge Figs. 13 and 14, I may
hinge the upper sash to the lower one by means of the hinges shown at Fig. 4. In
.this case a folding hinge 36, of foot rule pattern, is secured flush to the back of the
side stile of the lower sash 6. One arm 37 of each hinge has an eye in its extremity
into which pivots 39 on the upper sash, when pulled down into the position shown
.at Fig. 4, enter. In this manner the upper sash can be swung on the lower sash.
In Fig. 4 the hinge 36 is shown opened out. As will be seen the hinge is made
with a projection 38 so that the arm 37 cannot move down beyond the rectangular
-position as shown.
With this invention when it is desired to clean the window all that is necessary
is to turn back the parts 1ª of the batten rods, then turn back the flaps 7 so that
the buttons 7° enter the wide openings at the bottom of the slots 8ª, thereafter pull
up the lower sash so that the buttons enter the narrow parts of the slots and the
lower cross rail of the sash clears. the window sill. This being done the window
can be swung inwards as indicated in dotted lines Fig. 3 turning on the hinges 7.
To swing the upper sash it is pulled down, then the parting.bead 10" is folded back
and the window pulled inwards turning on either the hinges 9b or the hinges 37, as
the case may be.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. The improved construction of hinged window, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the drawings annexed.
2. The improved construction of sash fastener for windows substantially as
hereinbefore described and shown at Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings annexed.
3. The device for hinging windows consisting of a double-leaf hinge 7 with
projecting button 7° and slotted plate 8, substantially as herein before described and
shown at Figs. 10, 11, and 12 of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 28th day of May 1895.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.