IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PICKLING, CLEANSING AND SWILLING IRON PLATES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TINPLATES, TERNE PLATES AND GALVANIZED PLATES
Year: 1884

page_text: PATIONAL
I, MORGAN WILLIAMS of Ystalyfera in the County of Brecon, Wales, Tin House
Superintendent do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PICKLING, CLEANSING AND SWILLING IRON PLATES FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF TINPLATES, TERNE PLATES AND GALVANIZED PLATES" to
be as follows:-
The improvements in this my Invention refer particularly to the part of pickling
and swilling apparatus called the "Cradle," which I form in a novel manner as
hereinafter described.
The objects attained in this my Invention are:-the saving of labor in the
pickling process, the facilitating the removal of the plates from the swilling
department to the Tin House, the more thorough cleansing of the plates and a
great saving in expense.
A saving in the quantity of Vitriol used is effected, though a greater number of
plates are contained in a "cradle" constructed according to this Invention, than in
one of ordinary construction, the extra surface not requiring an extra quantity of
acid, for in this invention the surface of all the plates is reached, whereas in other
machines the plates are frequently found adhering together and not cleaned at all
on one side, this necessitates repickling and consequently additional acid and labor.
Economy of labor and superior workmanship are thus obtained by means of this
Invention and a very considerable reduction in the per centage of "Wasters
effected.
"
My improved apparatus for pickling, cleansing and swilling iron plates is
constructed as follows:-The bottom of the "cradle" I form of two sets of bars,
the bars of each set being hinged at their outer ends to the frame of "cradle" and
meeting at their inner ends, said inner ends rest upon a central bar traversing the
cradle. The frames of "cradle" upon which the bars are hinged, work in slots
formed in the end frames of "cradle" in such a manner that by means of a lever,
fixed for the purpose, the side frames bearing the hinged bars may be moved back
in the slots aforesaid so that the inner ends of bars are drawn from the centre
supporting bar and said bars, being hinged to frame, fall down and discharge the
.

page_text: plates in the cistern or "bosh." A second lover is fitted to "cradle" by incans of
which the bottom bars are again raised and by touching the first named lover the
bars are placed in position for bearing another load of plates. I do not fit any
racks for containing the plates in my "Cradle," thus a greater number of plates aro
contained at the same time in my "Cradle" than in others, but I prefer to separate
the plates one from another by sawdust or saud as in hand pickling.
In other existing machines for pickling iron plates, the "cradle" after being
filled is placed in the cistern or "bosh" and after there being subjected to the
necessary process, is taken out, the plates taken therefrom by hand and placed
upon the ground or other convenient place where they generally remain some time
before being put into the water again. The disadvantage of this is, that the plates
are injured by being handled with tongs in the discharging and again by being
exposed whilst under the influence of the acid. With my apparatus such injuries
are rendered impossible for, after the pickling and swilling processes are completed,
by touching the lever aforesaid the "cradle" opens in the centre and the bars fall
down allowing the plates to rest still in the water upon bars fixed for the purpose
in the cistern or "bosh." The "Cradle" being then taken up empty, is refilled and
whilst being refilled the cistern or "bosh" is moved aside with the plates still in it
and another cistern or "bosh" placed ready to receive the next lot. After the
process of white pickling, the cistern or "bosh" may be wheeled direct to the
Tin House if required.
Upon careful calculation of all the advantages of these ny improvements I am
contident that 30 boxes of plates per day may be easily produced by the use of my
apparatus constructed according to this invention, for every 20 boxes of plates
produced by other machines.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Pickling, Cleansing, and Swilling
Iron Plates, for the Manufacture of Tin Plates, Terne Plates,.
and Galvanized Plates
I, MORGAN WILLIAMS, of Ystalyfera, in the County of Brecon, Wales, Tin House
Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR PICKLING CLEANSING AND SWILLING IRON PLATES FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF TIN PLATES, TERNE PLATES, AND GALVANIZED PLATES," and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This my Invention relates more particularly to improvements in the part of the
Pickling and swilling apparatus called the "Cradle."
The bottom of the cradle I form of two sets of bars, the bars of each set being
hinged to the frame of the cradle at their outer ends, and meeting at their inner
ends, the said inner ends rest upon a central bar traversing the cradle. The frames
of the cradle upon which the bars are hinged work in slots formed in the end
frames of the cradle in such a manner that, by means of a lever fixed for the
purpose, the side frames bearing the hinged bara may be moved back in the slots
aforesaid so that the inner ends of the bars are drawn from the centre supporting
bar, and the said bars being hinged to frame drop down and discharge the plates
into the cistern or "bosh." A second lever is fitted to the cradle by means of
which the bottom bars are again raised, and, by touching the first mentioned lever
the bars are placed in position for bearing another load of plates. I do not fit any
racks for containing the plates in my cradle, so that a greater number of plates are
contained at the same time in my cradle than in others; but I prefer to separate
the plates one from another by saw-dust or saud, as in hand pickling.
In Machines already existing for pickling iron plates, the cradle after being
filled is placed in the cistern or "bosh," and after being subjected to the necessary
process, is taken out, and the plates taken therefrom by hand and placed in any
convenient place where they generally remain some time undergoing the operation
of assorting thereby allowing the plates by exposure to the atmosphere to oxidize
the effect of which is very injurious to them.
With my apparatus such injuries are rendered impossible for, after the pickling
process is completed, by touching the aforementioned lever the cradle opens in the
centre, and the bars drop down, allowing the plates to rest still in the water upon
bars fixed for the purpose in the cistern or bosh, whence they are taken up singly,
assorted and immediately placed in another bosh containing clean water which
completely destroys the effect of the acid without in any wise subjecting them to
oxidation. The cradle is then drawn out empty and is refilled, and while being
refilled the cistern or bosh is moved away with the plates still in it, and another
cistern or bosh placed ready to receive the next lot of plates. After the process
of white pickling, the cistern or bosh may be wheeled direct to the Tin House if
necessary.

page_text: The objects obtained in this my Invention are saving of labour in the pickling
process, the facility of running the plates from the swilling department to the Tin
House, the more thorough cleansing of the plates, and a great reduction in expense.
A saving in the quantity of Vitriol used is also effected as, notwithstanding a
greater number of plates are contained in each cradle constructed according to my
Invention, than in one of ordinary construction space for space, yet the extra
surface does not require an extra quantity of acid, for in this Invention the surface
of all the plates is reached, whereas in other Machines the plates are frequently
found adhering together and one side of each plate not cleaned at all, this
neccessitates repickling and therefore additional acid and labour are required. By
means of my Invention, superior workmanship and economy of labour are obtained
and a considerable reduction in the number of "wasters" is effected.
And in order that this my Invention may be fully understood reference is had
to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.
Fig 1. is a sectional elevation shewing a sulphuric acid cistern or bosh flin
position to receive one of the cradles c, supported by beam 1; g is a framing
through the top of which the vertical shaft n protudes, the said shaft n being
driven by toothed wheel j on shaft h held in position by brackets k; motion to
the said shaft being given by means of driving band i driven by handle p.
O. O are guide bars attached to the framing and serve to guide the beam while
lowering the cradles into the bosh. The perpendicular motion being imparted by
means of a piston rod worked in the cylinder and passing through the beam 7 to
which the rod is keyed, f* and f³ are movable water boshes, m m connect the
cradles to the beam l.
Fig. 2 is a section of a water bosh with cradle open on rests.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a cradle shewing bottom partly open and part
closed. a are hinged bars at bottom of cradle shewn open, c the framing of the
cradle, e e, are side levers.
Fig 4 is a plan of bottom of cradle showing the bars a ready to fall, and bars b
resting on centre supporting bar d.
After careful consideration of all the advantages derived from my improvements
herein before described, I am confident that thirty boxes of plates per day may be
produced by the use of my Improved Cradle constructed according to my
description, against twenty boxes of plates by other existing Machines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The method of expeditiously discharging plates from the cradle without
injury to the plates as herein before set forth and described.
2nd The improved construction of pickling cradles substantially as and for the
purposes herein before set forth and described.
3rd The general arrangement and construction of Improvements in apparatus for
pickling cleansing and swilling iron plates for the manufacture of Tin Plates,
Terne Plates, and Galvanized Plates, substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before set forth and described.
Dated this Twenty sixth day of February 1885.