IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Coles, of Gresham Street West, in the City
of London, Merchant, James Archibald Jaques, of Tottenham, in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, and John Americus Fanshawe, of the
same Place, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE
TO THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS."
Sealed the 11th October 1867, and dated the 15th May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Coles, James
Archibald Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 15th May 1867.
We, GEORGE COLES, of Gresham Street, West, in the City of London,
Merchant, JAMES ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Middle-
sex, Chemist, and JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of "Improvements applicable to the Permanent Way of
Railways has for its object to secure the rails in their chairs or on their
sleepers in such a manner that the jar or shocks to which the permanent way
as now constructed is subjected may be greatly lessened if not altogether pre-
vented. To this end we place under the rail and between it and the chair or
sleeper a compound elastic plate, consisting of two thin metal sheets or discs
coated with brass, and between which is a sheet of vulcanized india-rubber.
The rubber is cemented to the metal surfaces, so that it cannot be easily

page_text: detached. If desired a similar compound elastic plate may be placed between
the under side of the chairs and the sleepers, and if longitudinal sleepers are
employed for the permanent way continuous strips of the elastic substance
may be employed, or short lengths may be placed at frequent intervals beneath
the rails. Wedges to secure the rails in the chairs are made of two pieces of
iron coated with brass, and enclosing between them a piece of rubber. By
thus preventing the jar and shocks usually produced on the permanent way
by passing trains the wear and tear on the permanent way is considerably
diminished.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John Americus
Fanshawe in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th November
1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
COLES, of Gresham Street West, in the City of London, Merchant, JAMES
ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex, Chemist, and
JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS 1ler most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight-hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe,
Her special licence that we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques,
and John Americus Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John
Americus Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to 'time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
-the-Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques,
and John Americus Fanshawe, our executors or administrators, by an- instru-
ment in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Archibald Jaques and John
Americus Fanshawe, on behalf of ourselves and of the said George Coles,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
Our Invention of. " Improvements applicable to the Permanent Way of
Railways" has for its object to secure the rails in their chairs or on their
sleepers in such a manner that the jar. or shocks to which the permanent way
as now constructed is subjected by the passage of the running wheels over
them may be greatly lessened, if not altogether prevented. To this end we
place under the rail and between it and the chair or sleeper a compound
elastic plate or pad consisting of two or more thin metal sheets or discs coated
with brass, and between each of which plates is placed a sheet of vulcanized
india-rubber or its compounds.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a transverse.vertical section of a
chair rail and fastenings, and with, our improvements adapted thereto; and
Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through the centre of the chair.
a is the rail, and b, b, the cast-iron chair, which is cut or recessed out at
three places in order to receive the compound elastic plates or pads c, c, c,
one of which is shewn detached in plan and edge views at Figures 3 and 4;
d is the ordinary wooden wedge or quoin between which and the side of the
chair is placed one of our elastic pads or plates c. It will be seen on
referring to the Figure that between the rail a and the chair 6 there is
interposed at all points an elastic packing, which will prevent any jar from
being transmitted from the rail to the chair, and consequently the permanent
way will be preserved from undue wear and tear. Instead of or in addition
to the wooden quoin d an elastic quoin or wedge shewn at Fig. 5 may be
employed for securing the rail in the chair; this elastic quoin is composed of
two or more metal plates, the inner surfaces of which are coated with brass,
and between which is placed a block of vulcanized india-rubber. Fig. 6 is a
plan view of a railway chair of the ordinary construction with the rail
removed, but shewing an elastic bearing plate c on which the rail rests. This
plate is shewn in elevation at Fig. 7, and in plan at Fig. 8. The ends of the
under plate are elongated, and are bent down so as to clip
the chair, as shewn at Fig. 6, thus doing away with the necessity for cutting
out or recessing the chair. The rubber in all these cases is cemented to the
over the sides of

page_text: metal surfaces by being vulcanized in situ, so that it cannot be easily detached.
If desired a similar compound elastic plate may be placed between the under
side of the chairs and the sleepers; and if longitudinal sleepers are employed
for the permanent way continuous strips of the elastic padding or substance
may be employed, or short lengths may be placed at frequent intervals beneath
the rails.
Having now described our Invention of "Improvements applicable to the
Permanent Way of Railways," and having explained the manner of carrying
the same into effect, we claim as the Invention secured to us by Letters
Patent as aforesaid, placing between the chairs and rails which form the per-
manent way of railways elastic plates, pads, or blocks, consisting of two or
more metal sheets,-plates,_or_dises coated with brass, and between which is
secured a sheet, strip, or block of vulcanized india-rubber, or its compound; as
herein set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Archibald Jaques and John
Americus Fanshawe, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the
Fifteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
HENRY F. HAILES,
66, Chancery Lane.
JAS. A. JAQUES.
(L.S.)
JOHN A. FANSHAWE. (L.S.)