Improvements in Locks.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 29th June, 1889-Accepted, 28th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks.
I, EDWARD WRIGHT, of High Street, Southend, in the County of Essex, Architect,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a construction and arrangement of locks adapted for
fastening doors, and which can be applied to a door casing, a catch being applied to
the door with which the lock bolt will engage when the door is closed, but in such a
manner that the door can be opened by a simple pull or push except when the bolt is
locked by a stop of suitable kind provided for the purpose, and which may be
arranged to be actuated by a key or otherwise. The bolt of the lock is mounted on a
pin or pivot the bolt and the catch used in conjunction with it are so formed as to
readily engage or disengage when moved towards or from each other. The bolt may
for this purpose be formed with a V shaped notch and an inclined front edge, the
catch being of appropriate shape.
The catch may be furnished with an anti-friction wheel or roller to diminish friction
when moving over the bolt. A spring or load (it may be the weight of a part of the
bolt) serves to maintain the engagement of the bolt and catch when the door is shut
but so nevertheless as to permit of their ready disengagement when the door is pushed
or pulled to open it.
For the purpose of locking the bolt when shot any suitable arrangement may be
used. The bolt can be formed with an opening into which a correspondingly formed
locking pin or bolt may be inserted through a suitably arranged aperture in the lock
frame. Or a sliding bolt, or a tumbler, arranged to be operated by a key may be
used. In some cases both of these locking arrangements may be provided.
Locks can be constructed in various forins according to my invention and will not
only obviate the risk of injury to the person or clothing that obtains owing to
projection of bolts of locks of ordinary kinds, but furthermore will afford a safeguard
against picking, as when a door having such a lock is closed, the lock will not be
accessible for example from within a room into which such door opens.
n 141 octh day of November 1888.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
'Improvements in Locks.
I, EDWARD WRIGHT, of High Street, Southend, in the County of Essex, Architect,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a construction and arrangement of locks adapted. for
fastening doors and which can be applied to a door casing, a catch being applied to
the door with which the lock bolt will engage when the door is closed, but in such a
manner that the door can be opened by a simple pull or push except when the bolt is
locked by a stop of suitable kind (hereinafter called a locking bolt) provided for the
purpose, and which may be arranged to be actuated by a key or otherwise. Ordinary
door locks present projecting parts of such a nature and in such a position that they
are very liable to catch the dress of a person passing through the door. One of the
objects of my.invention is to remove this liability, and to secure this end the bolt is

page_text: arranged to lie snugly within the recess into which the door closes, and the catch on
the door is within the substance of the door, so that the door is shut on to the bolt
which then hooks into the catch in the door. The bolt of the lock is mounted on a
pin or pivot'or in an equivalent manner. The bolt, and the catch used in connection
with it, are so formed as to readily engage or disengage when moved towards or from
each other. The bolt may for this purpose be formed with a V shaped notch and an
inclined front edge, such inclined front edge forming with the adjacent side of the
Va double incline, the catch being of appropriate shape.
The catch may be furnished with an anti-friction wheel or roller to diminish friction
when moving over the bolt. A spring or its equivalent serves to maintain the
engagement of the bolt and catch when the door is shut but so nevertheless as to
permit of their ready disengagement when the door is pushed or pulled to open it.
For the purpose of locking the bolt when shot any suitable arrangement may be
used. The bolt can be formed with an opening or recess into which a correspondingly
formed locking bolt may be inserted through a suitably arranged aperture in the lock
frame. Or a sliding locking bolt and a tumbler, arranged to be operated by a key
may be used. In some cases both of these locking arrangements may be provided.
Locks can be constructed in various forms according to my invention and will not
only obviate the risk of injury to the person or clothing that obtains owing to
projection of bolts of locks of ordinary kinds, but furthermore will afford a safeguard
against picking as when a door having such a lock is closed the lock will not be
accessible for example from within a room into which such door opens.
In the accompanying drawings,.
Fig. 1 shews a construction of lock according to this invention, the cover of the
lock being removed to shew the internal parts, and the catch being shewn in section.
The bolt is shewn in the attitude it would occupy when depressed by the catch in the
act of closing the door.
Fig. 2 shews the door shut and the pivotted lock bolt secured by a locking bolt.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the same construction of lock, shewing the door
further secured by a flush bolt. Under these conditions the door is secured both
inside and out.
1 is a lock bolt mounted on a pin or pivot 2 within a case 3, which is let in flush
with the face of the door-frame or casing 3". The catch 4 is let into the edge of the
door and is situated at such a height that when the door is closed its cam-like edge 5
strikes against the edge 6 of the lock bolt, depressing it so that it rides under and
then rises up inside the catch, as shewn in Fig. 2. This action is aided by the
spring 16, or the lock bolt may be so hung that its own weight serves the same purpose
as the spring 16. 7 is a flush locking bolt within the lock case; it can be raised by the
finger to take into the notch 8 in the lock bolt and thus to lock that bolt. 9 is
another flush bolt in the face of the door; when shot it engages with a hole in the
door-frame or casing 3ª. No handle is shewn on the door, but it is evident that any
form of handle can be used, as the handle is or may be merely a fixture and need not
be adjacent to the lock. On the inside a handle is not necessarily required.
Fig. 4 shews a similar lock to Fig. 1 except that it is fixed on the door casing and
is not let in flush with the surface thereof; and its bolt 1 has trunnions 2 cast on it to
form pivots which work in steel bushes 2" in holes in the case 3. Handles 10, 10 are
shewn on the door.
Figs. 5 & 6 are two views of a lock according to this invention in which the
pivotted lock bolt can be itself locked both from the outside and from the inside of
the door by means of locking bolts, one arranged in the lock case and one in the door
or catch. That in the lock case consists, in the example shewn, of a horizontal
locking bolt 7 which can be shot under the lock-bolt and the locking bolt in the door
or catch is a flush bolt 9 which can be shot under a notch in the nose of the lock bolt
by a finger piece 9ª. In Fig. 5 one of two steel bushes is shewn in the lock case for
the pivots of the lock bolt.
The lock shewn in Figs. 7 & 8 is similar to that shewn in Figs. 5 & 6 but the bolt 1
is of a slightly different shape to that shewn in the latter Figs.

page_text: In Figs. 9, 10 & 11 which are respectively a sectional inside view, an outside view,
and a transverse section of the lock, the bolt 1 has trunnions 2 that form pivots to
work in bushes in holes in the lock case, and is provided at its sides with pins 1*
whereby it may be locked by a vertical spring bolt 7. This locking bolt 7 is notched
to receive the pins and is of U shape (Fig. 11) its two portions forming spring arms
that bear against opposite sides of the case in which it works.
Figs, 12 & 13 are two views, the former with the lock case and part of the catch in
section, and the latter an elevation of a lock according to this invention in which the
lock bolt can be locked by a key the door being shewn in section. Fig. 14 is a
horizontal section of the lock case on the line a x Fig. 12.
The lock shewn in these Figs. is very similar to that shewn in Figs. 1, 2 & 3
with the addition of means whereby the locking bolt 7 is adapted to be operated by
means of a key. The bolt 7 is arranged to slide horizontally below the lock holt and
when in the locked position is caused to hear against the lower side 1 of the lock bolt
by the slightly inclined surface at 1° upon which it then rests. The bolt 7 is provided
with a spring and a tumbler 7b but any known form of lock mechanism suitable for
the purpose may be used. The lock case is secured to the door frame by screws two
of which pass through slotted openings in the back of the lock case.
Figs. 15 & 16 are similar views to Figs. 12 & 13 illustrating a modified
arrangement.
Fig. 17 is a horizontal section shewing the lock case and catch and adjacent parts
of the door and door casing and
Fig. 18 is an elevation of part of the door and door casing with an extension of the
Hush bolt 9 in section.
In this arrangement the lock is fixed on the door casing instead of being let in flush
with the surface thereof as in Figs. 12, 13 & 14, and the locking bolt 7 is arranged
vertically and is provided with a spring and tumbler 7 so that it may be operated by
a key. The flush locking bolt 9 is connected to the door handle by an extension 9b
that is arranged to slide in a slot 9. (Fig. 18) formed in the door and adjacent part of
the catch plate, so that by moving the door handle horizontally the flush locking bolt
may be caused to engage with or to release the lock bolt 1 as desired. The flush
locking bolt may in some cases be independent of the door handle and be provided
with a finger piece 9ª (Fig. 17) by which it may be directly operated by hand.
Fig. 19 is a similar view to Fig. 2 of a lock with a right and left handed bolt which
can be locked by flush locking bolts from either side of the door.
This lock can be applied to a door whichever side it be hung. In this case the
spring 16 is duplicated. The locking bolt 7 for locking the lock bolt 1 may be a
flush bolt to be operated directly by hand or indirectly by means of a key. The, lock
bolt 1 is also shewn recessed at 12 for the reception of a flush locking bolt carried by
the catch.
4
In the modified construction of right and left handed lock shewn in Figs. 20 & 21,
the lock bolt 1 is shewn provided with two extensions 1" against which the springs 16
act. Flush locking bolts 7 & 9 are provided for locking the lock bolt 1 from either
side of the door as before.
Figs. 22, 23 & 24 illustrate a further modified construction of lock in which the
lock bolt 1 is arranged horizontally and can be locked from the inside of the room by
a key and from the outside by a flush locking bolt. This flush locking bolt may be
connected to the door handle as in Figs. 15 to 18 so that by moving the handle
horizontally it is caused to lock or unlock the lock bolt 1 as desired.
By a modification the latter bolt may be so connected to the handle that by turning
the handle the lock bolt will be locked or unlocked according to the direction in which
the handle is turned.
In all the arrangements hereinbefore specifically described and illustrated it will be
observed that the bolt is pivotted so that it has a circular mction, but it is obvious
that the same results may be secured by the substitution of an equivalent. For
instance, in the arrangement shewn in Figs. 1, 2 & 3, the bolt 1 may be allowed to
slide vertically and be pressed upwards by a spring, so that the action of the inclined

page_text: -
surfaces in opening and shutting the door tends to depress the bolt in a vertical line.
Such modifications I regard as being within the scope of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A door fastening having a bolt with a double incline suitably mounted for fitting
on a door frame so as to engage with a suitable catch on the door in such a manner
as to secure the door but at the same time permit the door to be opened or closed
by a simple push or pull, arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. A lock adapted to be secured to a door-frame having a pivotted or articulated
bolt engaging with a suitable catch adapted to be mounted on the door arranged and
operating substantially as herein before described.
3. A door fastening such as is described in the first claim or in the second claim in
combination with a locking bolt or bolts to secure the bolt, whether such locking bolt
or bolts be operated by hand or by a key and whether the locking bolt be adapted to
the door or to the door-frame portion of the apparatus or to both.
4. In a lock adapted to be applied to a door-frame or casing the combination of a
pivotted or articulated lock bolt adapted to engage with a catch fixed to a door and a
supplementary bolt or stop adapted to lock the pivotted lock bolt when operated for
that purpose whether by a key or otherwise, substantially as described.
5. In a lock adapted to be applied to a door-frame or casing, the combination of a
pivotted or articulated lock bolt adapted to engage (when the door is closed) with a
catch fixed to the door, a bolt or stop by which the lock bolt can be locked, and
a handle arranged to serve both to operate the bolt or stop and to move the door itself
substantially as described.
*.6. The several constructions of my improved lock hereinabove described with
reference to and shewn respectively in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, in Fig. 4, in Figs. 5
& 6, in Figs. 7 & 8, in Figs. 9 to 11 inclusive, in Figs. 12 to 14 inclusive, in
Figs. 15 to 18 inclusive, in Fig. 19, in Figs. 20 & 21, and in Figs. 22 to 24 inclusive
of the drawings annexed.
1000
us on day of June 19.
W. Lloyd Wise,
EDWARD WRIGHT.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.