Improvements in Dynamos and Electromotors, and in the Gearing of same.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 26th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 25th May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dynamos and Electromotors, and in the
Gearing of same.
JOSEPH DEVONPORT FINNEY ANDREWS Electrical Engineer 45 Fulham Park
Gardens S.W. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in electric motors or dynamos and to
the driving of same. I take an armature of any known construction but preferably
one having iron projecting teeth on poles on the periphery. I arrange this
armature to bear against the poles of the field magnets instead of being free from
them by an air space as is invariably the case and I construct the field magnet
poles so that the part or parts which touch the armature will rotate, or I construct
them or it, so that the armature can rotate on or round them or it. With some
form of armature I may not require to magnetize the field magnets and especially
when I apply my improvements to motors I may employ field magnets not separately
magnetised. I may effect the rotation of my armature by rotating the field
magnet part which touches it and which in consequence of the magnetic attraction
is strongly held to it or I may drive it by a wheel on the end of its axis, which
wheel may be magnetised and driven through mere attraction by another wheel.
When I apply my improvements as a motor I would drive the field magnet part by
the armature and magnetic attraction and when I apply my motor to driving
vehicles I may apply my armature direct to the rails, should the vehicle be run
on rails, or I may employ the magnetised pulley or wheel in connection with the
armature to be attracted to the rails or to the wheels of the vehicle or wheels in
connection with them. Or I may do without the magnetic attraction for driving
purposes and effect the driving by friction which I would increase by arranging
the weight of the car to press the motor driving wheel onto a wheel on the axle of
the car wheels or I may provide an arrangement of levers to take the weight of the
car and apply the whole weight onto 2 wheels pressing on opposite sides of the motor
driving wheel. When I wish to vary the speed of the driven wheel I construct
the motor driving wheel in the shape of a ball and arrange the wheel or wheels to
be driven, to be driven by it preferably by friction or magnetism and I arrange
the ball wheel so that it can be turned in such a way that a part of the ball having
a greater or less rotating radius can be presented for driving the wheels.
26th Ma 1906
Improvements in Dynamos and Electromotors, and in the
Gearing of same.
JOSEPH DEVONPORT FINNEY ANDREWS 45 Fulham Park Gardens Fulham S. W.
Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in electric dynamos and motors and to

page_text: the driving of same. I take an armature of any known construction but preferably
one having iron projecting teeth on poles on the periphery. I arrange this
armature to bear against the poles of the field magnets instead of being free from
them by an air space as is invariably the case and I arrange the field magnet
poles so that. the part or parts which touch the armature can rotate when in
contact with the rotating armature or I arrange them or it so that the armature
can rotate on or round them or it in the style of the sun & planet wheels. With
some form of armature I may not require to magnetise the field magnets, and
especially when I apply my improvements to motors I may employ field magnets
not separately magnetised. I may effect the rotation of my armature by rotating
the field magnet part, which touches it and which in consequence of the magnetic
attraction is strongly held to it or I may drive it by a wheel on the end of its
axis, which wheel may be magnetised and driven through mere attraction by
another wheel. When I apply my improvements as a motor I would drive the
field magnet part by the armature and magnetic attraction and when I apply my
motor to driving vehicles I may apply my armature direct to the rails should the
vehicle be run on rails (which may be ropes or chains) or I may employ the
magnetised pulley or wheel in connection with the armature to be attracted to
the rails on to the wheels of the vehicle on wheels in connection with them. Or
I may do without the magnetic attraction for driving purposes and effect the
driving by friction which I would increase by arranging the weight of the car to
press the motor driving wheel onto a wheel on the axle of the car wheels or I may
provide an arrangement of levers to take the weight of the car and apply the
whole weight onto 2 wheels pressing on opposite sides of the motor driving wheel.
When I wish to vary the speed of the driving on which I construct the motor
driving wheel in the shape of a ball and arrange the wheels to be driven, to be
driven by it preferably by friction or magnetism and I arrange the ball wheel so
that it can be turned in such a way that the ball can be turned and a part of the
ball having a greater or less rotating radius can be presented for driving the
wheels.
Fig. 1 represents a dynamo or motor constructed according to my invention A is
an armature of any known construction mounted on an axle B in bearings C C.
D is the commutator of the armature and EE represent the brushes placed
diametrically opposite as shewn. On the same axle as the armature I mount an
iron hub F or instead of an iron hub I take a large armature and divide it into two
parts of which A would be one and F the other, the commutator D being
common to both; the windings of the two parts of the armatures would be
such that the polarities on the same side would be opposite as shown. The
field magnets of this dynamo are represented by G' G G and G the poles and
cores of which are mounted on axles H in bearings. The coils 1 are suitably held
stationary round the magnets. The poles of the field magnets are in magnetic
contact with the armature and when the armature is caused to rotate by power
currents will be generated in the armature coils by magnetic induction and
collected by the brushes E E on the commutator D. If I should require to use
this dynamo as a motor I would send a current round the field magnet coils and
through the armature coils when the attraction between the armature polarities
and the field magnets would cause rotation by adjusting the polarity of the
armature so that the strongest point is somewhat to one side of the magnet poles.
I may use the motor for driving by taking the power either directly off the
armature axle or by taking it off either of the field magnet axles in which case the
power to the field magnets would be transmitted to them by the magnetic attraction
between the armature poles and the field magnet poles. Or I may add a magnetised
pulley or pulleys J, J, onto the end of the armature axle which would be attracted.
to a wheel K and drive it when the armature is in motion. According to a modified
form of driving for use when I ise my appliance as a motor I may dispense
with the magnetised field magnets and employ two iron pulleys K K Fig. 3 in
their place the rotation being effected by a suitable displacement of the armature

page_text: polarity. As in the case of the dynamo the armature may be divided into two
parts with opposite polarities on the same side of the diameter or one part of the
armature may be substituted by an iron hub F. It may be found preferable in the
above described machines to laminate the pulleys and field magnet poles, in order
With some forms of armatures in
to prevent currents being generated in them.
which the poles are magnetised at one side only or more on one side than the other
I may dispense with one of the field magnets shown in Fig. 1 or pulleys shown in
Fig. 3.
In Fig. 2 I illustrate how I would arrange an armature to rotate around a
fixed pulley and be in contact with it. A being the armature (to which current
is conveyed in any suitable known manner) arranged in contact with the wheel W
and its polarity when current is passed through it is adjusted a little to one side
of the touching point and in consequence of this side pull rotation will be set up in
the armature, which being carried in bearings on two arms (one of which only is
shewn at B) fixed together by the spindle S it will rotate upon the wheel W.
When I apply my motor to driving vehicles on rails ropes or chains I may prefer
to take an armature with the magnetised poles more intensely magnetised on one
side and I arrange these more intensely magnetised poles to be attracted to the
rails R as shown in Fig. 4 in which A is the armature with its intensely magnetised
poles P P in close proximity to and touching the rails those not touching being
slightly displaced from the perpendicular to one side of it only.
Fig. 5 represents a modified form of my motor in combination with several
pulleys P. A being the armature of the multipolar type having preferably its coils
buried in the iron core. Surrounding this armature and touching it is a series of
pulleys P free to rotate and carried by their axles on a ring frame F, the armature
may be fixed and the ring of pulleys rotate upon it or the pulleys may be held and
the armature rotate. I may embrace the outer peripheries of the pulleys by an
iron wheel or ring which by proper fitting would he in contact with them and
complete the magnetic circuit and it may be used in the transmission of the
power..
Fig. 6 represents one form of that part of my invention whereby I transmit the
motive power of the motor by friction between the driving pulley P and the
pulley K to be driven. The friction being increased by the weight of the car, of
of which C is part of the frame, being arranged to press the pulleys together.
Fig. 7 is a modified form of this part of my invention in which the motor driving
pulley P is placed between pulleys K K to be driven and the weight of the car
of which C is the part of the frame is arranged to press the pulleys K K onto
opposite diameters of the pulley P through the medium of levers L L.
Fig. 8 represents that part of my invention for varying the speed of the
wheels K K to be driven by a motor, P being the driving pulley of the motor
constructed in the form of a ball on the axle AA of the motor which is carried
in bearings B B which are in a frame F that is carried by a vertical axle X in a
bearing attached to a frame which also carries the wheels to be driven. This ball
wheel can be turned by the vertical axle so that different rotating diameters may
be presented to the wheels to be driven. Friction or magnetism may be used as
the driving grip as described in other forms of my invention. I may modify this
contrivance as shewn in Fig. 9 for the purpose of driving one wheel K only. In
this case the driving pulley of the motor can be turned through a greater angle,
In this case I prefer
and consequently a greater variation of speed can be effected.
to use magnetism to increase the grip.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what !
claim is :-
1. The improved construction of dynamo or motor in which the armature
rotates in contact with the field magnets substantially as described in reference

page_text: 2. The improved construction of motor in which the armature rotates in contact
with a wheel or 2 wheels substantially as described and with reference to Fig. 3.
3. The improved construction of motor in which the armature works in contact
with several wheels substantially as described and with reference to Fig. 5.
4. The improved construction of motor in which the armature works in contact
with rails chains or ropes as described and with reference to Fig. 4.
5. The improved method of increasing the grip between the driving and
driven pulleys by magnetism substantially as described and with reference to
Figs. 1, 8 & 9:
6. The improved method of increasing the grip between the driving and driven
pulleys by adding the pressure of the weight of the car substantially as described
and with reference to Figs. 6 & 7.
7. The improved method of modifying or regulating the speed of a driven
wheel by a ball shaped pulley substantially as described and with reference to
Figs. 8 & 9.
J. D. F. ANDREWS.