IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING LAKNE OR THREAD.
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robertson, of Dundee, in the County
of Forfar, North Britain, Engineer, and James Guthrie Orchar, of
the same Place, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING LAKNE OR THREAD.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robertson and
James Guthrie, Orchar at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd December 1858.
We, WILLIAM ROBERTSON, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North
Britain, Engineer, and JAMES GUTHRIE ORCHAR, of the same Place, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to various novel arrangements of winding machinery
such as is used in different branches of textile manufactures, and embracing
in particular a superior mode of driving and varying the velocity of the
winding spindles and the accurate and rapid winding on of the yarn or thread
in the cop or pirn form.. According to one modification of this machinery,
the ordinary long open rectangular framing has fitted on each side of it a

page_text: long horizontal main shaft running in suitable bearings at a continuously
uniform rate. These two shafts are driven by a short end transverse hori-
zontal shaft carrying fast and loose driving pulleys, and geared at each end
to the two main parallel shafts just mentioned by bevil wheels; these shafts
are each fitted at regular intervals with a series of metal edge frictional
pulleys, one for each spindle in the line, and both shafts are capable of an
endlong or longitudinal traverse in their bearings operating simultaneously
with their rotatory action. Each spindle which is carried in a footstep in
a short bracket projecting from the framing, and steadied by a collar bearing
in a fixed rail higher up, is fitted near its lower end with a small horizontal
faced weighted pulley or frictional face piece, the bottom working face of
which is covered with a layer of leather or other suitable frictional material.
In this way each spindle is in working gear with the driving shaft purely
through the frictional contact action of the circumferential edges of the
frictional driving pulleys with the lower frictional faces of the pulleys on the
spindles. The necessary variable rate of revolution of the winding spindles
is given by the varying distance of each driving disc from the spindle's centre,
consequent upon the longitudinal traverse of the main disc shafts, this traverse
being obtained by arranging a train of gearing in connection with the 'main
band pulley driving shaft to work a cam, eccentric, or heart, which again
actuates a lever connected directly. to the traversing main disc shafts. It
is preferred to have all the main driving pulleys on the same relative side of
their spindles, as observed when the spectator looks upon the bank of spindles
on the side where he stands, and the end-long traverse of the main driving
shafts occurs in reverse directions. Immediately above the spindle collar
there is in each case a small driver or disc piece fast upon the spindle, which
driver takes into a cross slit in the head of the winding pirn on the spindle.
The upper position of each spindle stands up between or in front of a pair
of parallel vertical guides fast on the upper side of a stationary rail carried
by the framing, which guides are for the purpose of retaining and steadying an
open metal cone piece passed on to the spindle, and which cone rises as the
pirn fills with thread or yarn. To the back of each cone these is jointed a
short bell-crank lever, one arm of which hangs downwards behind the spindle,
whilst the other projects forwards, and has an open eye to act as a finger in
laying the yarn upon the pirn, the thread being passed through this eye or
guide. It is this which gives the necessary shaping action, in combination
with the gradual ascent of the cone piece and the varying velocity of revolution
of the winding spindles. Each bell-crank finger or layer-on derives its
vibratory motion from the action of a long laterally traversing plate, one for

page_text: each row of spindles; this plate is in the form of a thin deep bar set on edge
along the whole length of the frame, and carried upon suitable transverse arms
set in supporting guide eyes. These arms extend inwards from each side to
near the longitudinal centre of the frame, and they carry small bearing pulleys
between which a differentially or double inclined sliding piece of metal is
placed; this is so arranged that at each traverse the long deep plates already
mentioned are traversed laterally, either both in the same direction or in
reverse directions, being brought back at each return by a spring. Thus
these plates or deep bars acting against the lower ends of the line of bell-crank
fingers, give the latter the required vibratory traverse for the laying on of the
yarn, and the carrying movement of the main shafts acts at the same time, so
as to produce a uniform take-up of yarn by giving the spindles the most rapid
rotation at the time when the laying-on fingers are at the top or thinnest
portion of the pirn or cop. When the pirn is full wound, the frame of the
cone apparatus, having arrived at the top of its lift, presses against an inclined
catch on the upper end of a vertical vibrating lever, and a catch on this lever
then allows another short horizontal lever to fall down, and in falling to
elevate the spindle or frictional face clear off the driving pulley, and thus stop
the spindle. Instead of thus varying the spindle's rate, as herein-before
described, by varying the sphere of action of the driving pulleys on the main
shafts upon the frictional faces of the spindles, the main shafts themselves may
have their velocity varied without interfering with the working of the frictional
apparatus. This variable rate of the driving shafts may be accomplished in
different ways by means of simple variable gearing.
This Invention also relates in part to an Invention of " Improvements in
Machinery or Apparatus for Winding Yarns or Thread," for which Messrs.
Robertson and Orchar obtained a grant of British Letters Patent on or about
the 27th day of February 1857, and it consists in the first place of a disposition
of the winding bobbin lower down on the spindle, the bobbin being directly
connected with the frictional face piece or pulley on the spindle. The reels
holding the yarn are in this case placed below instead of overhead, and tho
rod or frame carrying the shifting handle is centred or jointed immediately
behind the spindle; and an eye in the rod or frame embraces the projecting
top of the spindle above the bobbin. And in order to gain room for more
spindles, they are disposed in two parallel lines or banks, the back and front
spindles of each pair taken transversely in the framing having a short
horizontal transverse pulley shaft extending from spindle to spindle. Each of
these shafts has a frictional pulley at each end, so that it drives the two
spindles between which it is extended. This set of short shafts is driven by a

page_text: belt passed over a central line of pulleys, and each shaft has a longitudinal
traverse movement for giving the variable rate to the spindles. The shift
consequent upon the gradual filling of the bobbins with yarn may be accom-
plished either by shifting the bobbins and spindles themselves by pressure
against fixed bracket stops, or the latter may be the moving parts, the spindles
being stationary.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Robertson and James Guthrie Orchar in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 2nd June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
ROBERTSON, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, Engineer,
and JAMES GUTHRIE ORCHAR, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Robertson and James Guthrie Orchar, Her special license that
we, the said William Robertson and James Guthrie Orchar, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Robertson
and James Guthrie Orchar, our executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING
YARNS OR THREAD," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Robertson and James Guthrie Orchar, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Robertson and James Guthrie
Orchar, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the

page_text: accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say:
Our said Invention relates to various novel arrangements of winding
machinery such as is used in different branches of textile manufactures, and
embracing in particular a superior mode of driving and varying the velocity of
the winding spindles and the accurate and rapid winding on of the yarn or
thread in the cop or pirn form. According to one modification of this
machinery, the ordinary long open rectangular framing has fitted on each side
of it a long horizontal main shaft running in suitable bearings at a continuously
uniform rate. These two shafts are driven by a short end transverse horizontal
shaft, carrying fast and loose driving pulleys, and geared at each end to the two
main parallel shafts just mentioned by bevil wheels. These shafts are each
fitted at regular intervals with a series of metal edge frictional pulleys, one for
each winding spindle in the line, and both shafts are capable of an endlong or
longitudinal traverse in their bearings, operating simultaneously with their
rotatory action. Each spindle which is carried in a footstep in a short bracket
projecting from the framing, and steadied by a collar bearing in a fixed rail
higher up, is fitted near its lower end with a small horizontally faced weighted
pulley or frictional face piece, the bottom working face of which is covered with
a layer of leather or other suitable frictional material. In this way each spindle
is in working gear with the driving shaft purely through the frictional contact
action of the circumferential edges of the frictional driving pulleys with the
lower frictional faces of the pulleys on the spindles. The necessary variable
rate of revolution of the winding spindles is given by the varying distance of
each driving disc from the spindle's centre, consequent upon the longitudinal
traverse of the main disc shafts, this traverse being obtained by arranging a
train of gearing in connection with the main band pulley driving shaft, to
work a cam, eccentric, or heart, which again actuates a lever connected directly
to the traversing main disc shafts. It is preferred to have all the main driving
pulleys on the same relative side of their spindles, as observed when the
spectator looks upon the bank of spindles on the side where he stands, and the
endlong traverse of the main driving shafts occurs in reverse directions.
Immediately above the spindle collar there is in each case a small driver or
dise piece fast upon the spindle, which driver takes into a cross slit in the
head of the winding pirn on the spindle. The upper portion of each spindle
stands up between or in front of a pair of parallel vertical guides fast on the
upper side of a stationary rail carried by the framing, which guides are for
the purpose of retaining and steadying an open metal cone piece passed on: to-
the spindle, and which cone rises as the pirn fills with thread or yarn.. To the

page_text: back of each cone there is jointed a short bell-crank lever, one arm of which
hangs downwards behind the spindle, whilst the other projects forwards, and
has an open eye to act as a finger in laying the yarn upon the pirn, the thread
being passed through this eye or guide. It is this which gives the necessary
shaping action in combination with the gradual ascent of the cone piece and
the varying velocity of revolution of the winding spindles. Each bell-crank
finger or layer-on derives its vibratory motion from the action of a long
laterally traversing plate, one for each row of spindles; this plate is in the
form of a thin deep bar set on edge along the whole length of the frame, and
carried upon suitable transverse arms set in supporting guide eyes. These
arms extend inwards from each side to near the longitudinal centre of the
frame, and they carry small bearing pulleys, between which a differentially or
double inclined sliding piece of metal is placed. This is so arranged that at
each traverse the long deep plates already mentioned are traversed laterally
either both in the same direction or in reverse directions, being brought back
at each return by a spring. Thus these plates or deep bars acting against the
lower ends of the line of bell-crank fingers give the latter the required vibratory
traverse for the laying on of the yarn, and the varying movement of the main
shafts acts at the same time so as to produce a uniform take up of yarn by
giving the spindles the most rapid rotation at the time when the laying-on
fingers are at the top or thinnest portion of the pirn or cop. When the pirn
is full wound, the frame of the cone apparatus, having arrived at the top of
its lift, presses against an inclined catch on the upper end of a vertical vibrating
lever, and a catch on this lever. then allows another short horizontal lever to
fall down, and in falling to elevate the spindle or frictional face plate clear
off the driving pulley, and thus stop the spindle. Instead of thus varying the
spindle's rate as herein-before described, by varying the sphere of action of the
driving pulleys on the main shafts upon the frictional faces of the spindles,
the main shafts themselves may have their velocity varied without interfering
with the working of the frictional apparatus. This variable rate of the
driving shafts may be accomplished in different ways by means of simple
variable gearing.
This Invention also relates in part to an Invention of "Improvements in
Machinery or Apparatus for Winding Yarns or Thread," for which we obtained
a grant of British Letters Patent on or about the Twenty-seventh day of
February, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, and it consists in the
first place of a disposition of the winding bobbin lower down on the spindle,
the bobbin being directly connected with the frictional face piece or pulley on
the spindle. The reels holding the yarn are in this case placed below instead

page_text: of overhead, and the rod or frame carrying the shifting handle is centred or
jointed immediately behind the spindle, and an eye in the rod or frame
embraces the projecting top of the spindle above the bobbin. And in order
to gain room for more spindles they are disposed in two parallel lines or banks,
the back and front spindles of each pair taken transversely in the framing
having a short horizontal transverse pulley shaft extending from spindle to
spindle. Each of these shafts has a frictional pulley at each end, so that it
drives the two spindles between which it is extended. This set of short shafts.
is driven by a belt passed over a central line of pulleys, and each shaft has a
longitudinal traverse movement for giving the variable rate to the spindles.
The shift consequent upon the gradual filling of the bobbins with yarn may be.
accomplished either by shifting the bobbins and spindles themselves by
pressure against fixed bracket stops, or the latter may be the moving parts,.
the spindles being stationary.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood, we shall
now proceed to describe the several illustrative Figures upon the explanatory
Sheet of Drawings we have hereunto appended for the purpose of showing
certain modifications under which our improvements may be judiciously
carried out in practice, that is to say:-
Figure 1 on the accompanying Drawings is an end view of one modification
of a winding machine, having our improvements applied thereto; Figure 2.
is a front view or elevation of two portions of the machine; and Figure 3 is
a plan, partially in section, corresponding to Figures 1 and 2; Figure 4 is a
plan, showing the mechanical arrangement connected with the heart motion;
and Figure 5 is a partially sectional elevation, showing the details of the
winding mechanism; both of these Figures are drawn to a larger scale than
Figures 1 to 3, in order to show the smaller parts more clearly. The framing
of the machine consists of the open rectangular end standards or gables A,
and the intermediate gables B, which are connected with each other. by
transverse rails and tie rods. Two brackets C are bolted to one of the end.
standards A, in which are fitted the bearings of the short horizontal shaft D.
This shaft carries the fast and loose pulleys E, which are driven by means of
an endless belt and pulley arrangement, actuated by a steam engine or other.
prime mover. The shaft D has fast to each extremity a bevel wheel F, which
gears with a pinion G, on the end of each of the horizontal shafts H.. There
are two of these shafts, one on each side of the machine, and extending from
end to end, the brackets which carry the bearings for the shaft being cast on
the end standards or gables A. The shafts H are fitted. at regular intervals
with a series of frictional pulleys I, the number of these frictional pulleys

page_text: corresponding to the number of spindles in the length of the machine. The
shafts H are so arranged as to be capable of a certain amount of endlong or
longitudinal traverse during the winding operations to admit of this. The
driving ends of the shafts are made with a feather, which slides in a corre
sponding groove in the pinions G, the bearings of which are fitted as shown in
Figures 2 and 3 on the accompanying Drawings. The longitudinal traverse
of the shafts H is simultaneous, that is to say, both shafts move together,
but in opposite directions. This motion is derived from the shaft D, which
carries the pinion J; this pinion gives motion to the wheel K on the short
horizontal shaft L. This shaft is carried on a pair of brackets M, which are
bolted to the outside of the end standard or gable A. These brackets are
fast to the two inner uprights of the standard, and arranged below the
shaft D. The shaft L also carries the pinion N, which gears with the
wheel O, on the shaft P, that is carried in a pair of brackets Q, bolted to
the inner face of the standard A. The shaft P has fitted to it the heart or
cam R, the periphery of which is kept in contact with the pulley S, that is
carried on a stud working out through a slot in the vertical rocking lever T.
This lever is centred on a stud, which projects laterally from a bracket fixed
to the flooring, and to the stud which works in the lower slot of the lever is
connected one end of the rod U; the other extremity of the rod U is con-
nected by a bolt to the horizontal lever V, which bolt works in a slot made
in the free extremity of the lever. The fulcrum of the lever V is a stud
carried in a bracket, which is bolted to one of the upper longitudinal rails of
the framing. The short outer arm of the lever V is forked, the free
extremities extending outwards round the contiguous shaft H. Each of the
forked ends of the lever V is likewise bifurcated, so as to embrace the ver-
tically projecting studs of the strap W. With this arrangement, when the
eccentric, cam, or heart R is moved round, as the apex of the longest part of
the heart approaches the pulley S, the lever T is moved away, and with it
the lever V. The motion of the lever V about its centre causes the con-
tiguous shaft H to move in the contrary direction, or towards the driving
end of the. machine. This motion of the shaft H is communicated to the
opposite and corresponding shaft by means of the lever X, the fulcrum of
which is a stud carried in a bracket, which is bolted to the contiguous
standard or gable B. The lever X is forked at both extremities, and is s
connected to the two shafts H, by the couplings Y, so that both shafts H
move simultaneously and in unison with each other, but in different directions.
The effect which this opposite traverse of the shafts H would have upon the
spindles is counteracted by the arrangement of the frictional pulleys, and

page_text: which will be presently adverted to.
The longitudinal rail which extends
along the machine immediately above the shafts H, has projecting from its
outer face a series of small brackets Z, which are either cast with the rail, or
are bolted thereto. The number of these brackets corresponds to the number of
the spindles a in the "bank" or series, each bracket being arranged contiguous
to one of the frictional discs I on the shaft H. Each spindle a is carried at
the lower extremity in a small footstep, fitted in its bracket Z, the upper part
of the spindle being steadied in a collar bearing, which is fitted in the fixed
rail b. Each spindle a is in one piece throughout, and it has near the lower
part a weighted face plate c, the face or lower surface of which is covered
with leather, or other suitable frictional material riveted to the plate. The
weighted face plate c rests upon its contiguous frictional pulley I, and is
driven thereby, the requisite variable velocity of the spindle being obtained by
causing the frictional pulley to move to or from the centre of the weighted
face plate. Each spindle a has formed upon it a shoulder d, the use of which
will be herein-after explained, and at the upper part is a small driver e, which
has a transverse feather formed on its upper surface. The end of the pirn f
fits a short spindle, which projects above the face of the driver e, and the
feather fits into a cross slit made in the head of the. pirn so that both rotate
together. The yarn g is primarily wound upon the reel h. There is a series
of these reels corresponding to the number of spindles arranged parallel with
each other upon spindles carried upon frames h', extending across the machine,
and carried by the longitudinal wooden rails fitted in the centre and laterally
projecting parts of the framing. The yarn to be wound on each spindle
passes off from the reel h, in front of the tensional bars i, to the thread
guide or laying-on finger j. This thread guide consists of a short bell-crank
lever, which is carried loosely upon a laterally projecting stud fitted in a
vertical slot formed in the back part of the moveable cone apparatus k. The
yarn g passes between two laterally projecting fingers, which are cast on the
outer extremity of the horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever j, and as the finger
lays the yarn upon the pirn f, the weight of the cone causes it to be wound
tightly and smoothly thereon. The cone apparatus k consists of the open cone,
which fits over the pirn f; the inner surface of this conical part is made smooth,
and of the figure it is desired to give the upper part of the cop when wound.
On the back part of the cone are cast two cross pieces, which connect the cone
to the vertical slide ; and extending backwards beyond this slide the cross
pieces terminate in the vertical slot which carries the stud of the bell-crank
lever or laying-on finger; the flat sliding part of the cone k works up and
down in the grooves which are made for the purpose in the fixed guides m;

page_text: these vertical guides m are arranged in pairs behind each spindle, and are
carried upon the rail b; the slide 7 of the cone rises in the vertical grooves as
the yarn is wound upon the pirn. The laying-on of the yarn causes the
cone k to rise of itself, that is to say, as the pirn increases in diameter by the
laying on of the thread, the cone is thereby raised, and when it reaches the
top and the pirn is filled. the motion of the spindle is stopped. But during
this, winding on of the yarn, the motion of the spindle is variable in velocity,
being caused to move at a reduced speed, as the lower part of the cop is
completed, and at an increased velocity as the upper part of the pirn is wound.
This variable speed of the spindles is derived from the rotatory motion of the
eccentric, cam, or heart R; when the apex of this eccentric is on the pulley S,
the frictional. pulleys I are close up to the spindles a, and the weighted face
plates c are driven at the greatest velocity. As the heart R moves round and
the lever V is moved inwards, the frictional pulleys I are carried towards the
periphery of the weighted face plates, and the speed becomes reduced in pro-
portion. The weighted face plates c are driven on both sides of the machine
at a. corresponding speed, although the shafts H traverse in opposite.directions
when the lever V is moved. The differential action of the shafts is avoided by
fitting the frictional pulleys I on opposite sides of the spindles a. By this
arrangement both series of frictional pulleys move out from or towards the
centre of the weighted face plates in unison. The eccentric, cam, or heart R
also gives motion through the rocking lever T to the mechanical arrangement
for forming the conical part of the cop, and stopping the winding action when
the pirn is filled. In the upper extremity of the lever T is a slot, in which is
carried a stud having attached to it the link n; the other extremity of this link
is secured to a stud which projects laterally from a pendant bracket on the
under side of the bar o. The flat metal bar o extends the whole length of the
machine, and at intervals, corresponding to the distance between each gable,
there is bolted to the bar a duplex differential guide piece p; this differential
guide piece p is of a triangular figure, as shown in Figure 3, the base or
broader part being towards the driving end of the machine; a slightly curved
slot q is formed at each side of the guide piece extending from end to end of
the plate. The bar o is supported in brackets r, cast on the upper edges of
the gables A and B, and it moves to and fro in the recesses made for the
purpose in the brackets. Affixed to the upper edges of the gables are the
guides s, in which the barst move; these bars have at their inner ends a vertical
stud carrying, the pulley ; each of these pulleys are fitted to work in the
contiguous slot of the guide piece p. The outer end of each of the bars t
is fast to the longitudinal bar v, which is made wider or with vertically pro-
2

page_text: jecting parts w opposite to each of the pendant arms of the bell-crank levers j;
the projecting part at the lower end of the arm of each bell-crank lever rests
against the wider part w of the bar v, the position of each of the bars v being
determined by the motion of the bar o and the differential guide pieces p. For
supposing the bar o to be moved so that the guides q cause the pulleys u and
the bars t and v to move gradually outwards, the first portion of the guide's
traverse slowly raises the thread guide j, so that the yarn is laid evenly upon
the cylindrical portion of the cop; the last portion of the guide's traverse, or
that in which the pulleys are moved outwards from a medium position to
the full extent of their outward traverse, causes the thread guide to be raised
more rapidly, and effects the formation of the conical part of the cop. The
bar o has connected to it by the chain x a counterweight y; the chain is
passed over the pulley z, which is carried upon a stud in a bracket projecting
laterally from the framing; the drag of the chain causes the bar o to move to
the extent of its traverse towards the driving end of the machine, unless coun-
teracted by the heart R. The weight y serves also to keep the pulley S on the
lever T constantly in contact with the periphery of the heart R.
In the accompanying Drawings, in Figures 1 to 3 the heart R is shown
in a medium or vertical position, the lever T being vertical and the levers
V and X at right angles to the gables A and B ; in this disposition of the
parts the frictional pulleys I are midway in their traverse from the centres to
the peripheries of the weighted face plates c, and the thread guides ; have
been raised sufficiently to form the cylindrical portion of the cop. In the
enlarged view of the details, Figure 5, the pulleys u are shown at the wider
extremity of the guide piece p, and the barst moved out to the extent of
their lateral traverse. On the left-hand side of Figure 5 the cone
apparatus is delineated in position preparatory to the commencement of
winding a cop, and upon the right-hand side of the same Figure the winding
of the cop is shown as just completed, the thread guide j being raised to its
extreme elevation by the outward movement of the bar t, and the pressure of
the projection w on the lower part of the bell-crank lever. When the
winding of the cop is completed, the rotatory movement of the spindle is
stopped by means of a self-acting mechanical arrangement. A weighted
vertical lever 1 is centred upon a stud that projects from one of the guides m;
at the lower part of this lever, just above the weight, is a notch which serves
to support the inner end of the short horizontal lever 2. The lever 2 is
carried upon a lateral stud fitted in the small pendant brackets on the under
side of the rail b; the lever is weighted at the back part, and it has a small
nib or projection on its upper edge, at the part which comes under the

page_text: .
shoulder d on the spindle a.
The front end of the lever 2 extends outwards
in front of the spindle, where it forms a handle by which the weight at the
backward end may be raised when required. The upper extremity of the
lever is made with a projecting part 3, which comes in contact with a stud 4,
that projects laterally from the back part of the cone apparatus k. As the
cone apparatus rises up during the formation of the cop, the stud 4 moves the
lever I away from it as it presses against the inclined part 3, and when the
cone reaches the extremity of the cop, the. notch of the lever 1 is released
from the backward end of the lever 2. The weight on the lever 2 causes it
to fall, and this motion about its centre brings the higher part of the nib or
projection under the shoulder d, so that it raises the spindle a, and the
weighted face plate c being thus lifted off the frictional pulley I, the rotatory
motion of the spindle ceases. The cone apparatus k has a curved projecting
nose piece extending outwards in front of the cone; this part enables the
attendant to raise the cone in order to remove the full pirn and replace it
with an empty one, a supply of which is kept on the angular shelf 5 above;
this shelf serves also to place the full pirns on, as they are removed from the
spindles. When the empty pirn is put on the spindle, the attendant depresses
the front end of the lever 2; this brings the weighted end of the lever 1 under
its backward extremity, the spindle a sinks, and the weighted face plate c
being again in contact with the frictional pulley I, the winding operation is
resumed. Upon the breaking of one or more of the yarns or threads, the
respective spindles may be instantly stopped by the attendant drawing the
upper curved end of the lever 1 belonging to each spindle towards the front
of the machine, so as to release the lever 2, and thus raise the weighted face
plate of the spindle off the frictional pulley. With these improvements in
winding machinery or apparatus, the yarns or threads are wound evenly and
firmly upon the pirns, and the work is accomplished in a highly effective and
superior manner. The particular arrangement of the longitudinally traversing
shafts H, with their frictional pulleys I, and the weighted face plates c, may
also with slight and unimportant modifications be adapted to winding
machinery or apparatus in which the motion of the spindles is not uniform
on both sides of the machine.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we would observe in conclusion that we do not confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion
to describe or refer to, as variations may be made therefrom without deviating
from the principles or main features of our said lnvention; but what we

page_text: consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the general arrangement and construction of machinery or apparatus
for winding yarns or threads, as herein-before described and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Second, the system or mode of arranging and constructing winding
machinery or apparatus in which the required variable motion of the spindles
is obtained by means of a horizontal longitudinal shaft arranged upon each
side of the machine, to which shafts an endwise or longitudinal traverse is
imparted; also the arrangement and construction of the frictional pulleys
and the weighted face pieces, the peripheries of the pulleys acting upon the
lower surfaces of the weighted face pieces, as herein-before described and
shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Third, the system or mode of winding yarns on pirns, and of imparting to the
wound material the required hardness and conical figure, by means of the cone.
apparatus and its connected mechanism, as herein-before described and shewn
in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth, the application to and use of a moveable cone apparatus, arranged
as described and shewn in machinery or apparatus for winding yarns or
threads, the said cone being caused to rise and move out of the way as the
yarn is wound on the pirn in the manner herein-before described.
Fifth, the system or mode of arranging and constructing machinery or
apparatus for winding yarns or threads, in which the traverse of the frictional
pulley shafts, as well as the thread guides, is obtained by the action of a single
heart or cam and the parts connected therewith, as herein-before described
and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Sixth, the application to and use in winding machinery or apparatus of the
differential guide pieces marked p in the accompanying Drawings, which
guide pieces regulate the formation or shaping of the cop or wound yarn, as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Robertson and James
Guthrie Orchar, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First
day of June, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
DADTDTC
JAMES G. ORCHAR.
(L.S.)