IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ferdinand Bouquié, of Paris, (France,) Civil En-
gineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CHAINS."
Sealed the 25th November 1858, and dated the 26th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ferdinand Bouquié at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th May 1858.
I, FERDINAND BOUQUIE, of Paris, (France), Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF CHAINS," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to a method of manufacturing chains of any suitable
metal without soldering or brazing, and consists in establishing each link in
two or more parts of rolled bar metal of such cross sections as to allow them
partly to overlap and trim in each other, the ends of each of these parts being
united or not by a dovetailed or other suitable joint; the parts for forming a
link having been suitably fitted into each other, the entire is pressed to the
required form by suitable rounding tools, the end link of the chain having
been properly inserted so as to make the new link form part of the chain
under manufacture.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ferdinand Bouquié in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FERDINAND
BOUQUIE, of Paris, France, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Ferdinand Bouquić, Her special licence that I, the said Ferdinand
Bouquié, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the
said Ferdinand Bouquié, executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Ferdinand Bouquié, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ferdinand Bouquié, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The Invention relates to a method of manufacturing every description of
chains of any suitable metal without soldering or brazing; the same is par-
ticularly useful for the manufacture of those sizes of chains as are made use of
for the rigging of ships and similar objects, though my method may be applied
also to the manufacture of small chains of iron, steel, or any other suitable
metal. The method consists in constructing each link out of two or more
parts of rolled or bar iron or other suitable metal, each of which parts has
received by the rolling process a form of such cross sections, that one part may
be introduced lengthwise, and exactly fit into the other in such manner that
when the overlapping sides of the various parts of each link have been brought

page_text: together by means of proper stamps or rounding tools, the same will form
joints of great solidity and firmly adhere together. In order to make the
Invention more easily understood, I will refer to the annexed Drawings, in
which Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal elevation view of two pieces of bar iron
A and B rolled or otherwise formed into the required shape, of which Fig. 12
shows a cross cut or sectional view, showing in what manner the two parts fit
in each other as a dovetail joint, though this form of joint may be suitably
modified, such for instance, as shown in the Figs. 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13.
The parts A and B having been cut off at the required lengths for forming a
link, the ends are fitted into each other as shown in Fig. 1, and having then
been put over a suitable rounding tool, as shown in C, Fig. 3 and 4, the
round form may be given thereto by means of a stamp or other suitable tool
or machinery; an entirely finished link having been inserted previously in the
link under manufacture, as shown in sectional elevation view in D of Fig. 3
and 4, the link is then entirely rounded off, and the ends a and a¹ of the
outer part A, and those band of the inner part B, respectively cause either
simply to but against each other, or these ends may have been cut off or
punched out to the required shape for allowing them to form a dovetail or
other suitable joint, as shown in the Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, no further soldering or
brazing of the metal being required, thus considerably reducing the difficulty
of the construction of these chains, which may consequently be manufactured
by hand or by any suitable machinery, either in the cold or the heated state.
Instead of constructing each link out of 2 parts only, they might in the same
manner be formed of 3 or more parts suitably combined for this purpose
according to my method, which also allows of forming part of each link out of
one metal, and the other parts out of other metals; thus, for instance, the
part A, (Fig. 1), might be made of steel, and the part B of iron, or other
metal. I must observe further, that in order to increase still more the ad-
herance of the parts A and B. Figs. 1, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, they may be
provided with suitable corresponding notches.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
putting the same into practical effect, I declare that I do not intend to bind
myself to any particular form of link, or of its various parts, nor to any
particular machinery or tools by which the same may be manufactured; but
what I consider as my Invention, and claim, consists of the method described
for manufacturing chains, by constructing the links by means of the proper
arrangement and combination of two or more pieces of any suitable metal,
bammered, rolled, or shaped by any other suitable means, in such forms that

page_text: in each link suitable parts of each piece mutually take into and overlap the
corresponding parts of the other pieces of the link, so as to form, when
properly joined and pressed together, one solid link.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ferdinand Bouquié, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
J. SOUTH.
FERDINAND BOUQUIE. (L.S.)