Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1896--Accepted, 26th Sept., 1896
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of Rose Grave, Ardwick, Manebester
in the County of Lancaster, Mechanician do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to wheel brakes of vehicles, applied by the hand or foot
and consists in improvements in the construction of brake apparatus by which
improvements pneumatic pressure is employed to produce the movement in the
brake apparatus and apply the brake shoes to the wheels.
The object of these improvements is to increase the efficiency of brake
apparatus applied by the hand and the foot.
The improvements are applicable to ordinary lever brake apparatus operated
through hand or foot gear by the employment of suitable pneumatic forcing
apparatus to the brake block levers in place of hand and foot levers screws or
other gear.
In carrying out my improvements in cases where the levers carrying or
connected to the brake blocks and shoes are fulcrummed so as to oscillate in a
horizontal plane or in a plane approximating thereto, I suitably connect the two
free ends of the levers to a distensible body or chamber or moving part thereof,
the distensible chamber or its moving part being fixed to the body or framework
of the vehicle in such manner that when the chamber is distended the brake shoes
or blocks are pressed against the wheels.
In cases where the brake blocks or shoes are fixed to or carried by arms fixed to
a horizontal rocking shaft or bearing, which also carries an arm through which the
shaft or bearing or arms are rocked, the free end of the arm I connect to the
distensible body or chamber or moving part thereof, the distensible body or
chamber being so fixed to the vehicle that the distension of the said body or
chamber shall cause the brake blocks or shoes to be applied to the wheels.
The distensible body or chamber I place in tubular communication with a hand
or a foot power forcing apparatus or pump fixed in a suitable position on the vehicle
EO as to be readily operated by the driver. A release valve is also placed in the brake
pipe or in connection therewith so that the pressure in the brake pipe and
distensible body may be released at will.
The distensible chamber or body is preferably made of indiarubber or india-
rubber and canvas and in its normal position is in a collapsed state, and is secured
upon two opposite faces to cups or cupped plates preferably, one of which is a
fixture and the other is connected to the brake lever or levers.
In place of a distensible chamber of flexible material I may employ a cylinder
fitted with a piston.
At present I prefer to use a forcing apparatus and release valve of similar
construction to that described in Specification No. 12526 A.D. 1894 and
illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawings, but I may use any other suitable
apparatus.
Dated thio 7th day of Novembar 1805

page_text: Improvements in Wheel Brakes.
I JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of Rose Grove, Ardwick, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to wheel brakes of vehicles applied by the hand or foot
and consists in improvements in brake apparatus in which pneumatic pressure
produced in suitable apparatus is employed to apply the brakes to the wheels,
the improvements having for their object increased efficiency and simple
construction.
The improvements are applicable to ordinary lever brake apparatus operated
through band or foot gear by the employment of suitable pneumatic forcing
apparatus in combination with a flexible expanding and contracting chamber or
body similar to that described in my former Specifications of Letters Patent
No. 16581 A.D. 1893 and No. 12526 A.D. 1894, in place of hand and foot levers,
screws or other gear as hitherto used.
The drawings attached hereunto represent in part several systems of lever brake
apparatus in common use to which my improvements are shewn applied.
Figs. 1 and 2, represent in two views a system of lever brake apparatus in which
the levers a, a are fulcrummed to oscillate in a horizontal plane or in a plane
approximating thereto;
Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate in a similar mauner another system in which the brake
blocks d depend from the underframe and are operated by a horizontal oscillating
shaft c;
Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a somewhat similar system of lever brake arrangement
in which each pair of brake blocks d is carried by arms fixed to a shaft e
provided with another fixed arm the frco end of which is attached to the
distensible body;
Figs. 7 and 8, illustrate in two views the application of my improvements to a
common road vehicle having only two wheels braked; and
Figs. 9 and 10, are two similar views of a modified arrangement of lever brake
apparatus with my improvements applied thereto for a similar purpose;
Fig. 11, iliustrates in section the form and arrangement of the expanding and
contracting chamber, seating and connecting part.
The arrangements of lever brake apparatus illustrated in the several views of
the drawings are of well known general construction and are so illustrated in order
to better explain the application of my improvements.
In the several systems represented by the several views the free end or ends of
the lever or levers through which the brake blocks are applied to the wheels and
which are in common practice connected by rods or chains to the hand levers or
their equivalents, is or are connected to the movable part g of a distensible
chamber or body h which is fixed in a seating to the underframe or other
convenient part of the vehicle.
The distensible or expanding and contracting chamber 1, may be of any suitable
form, but preference is given that illustrated in Figure 11, of the drawings. The
chamber is provided with dovetail bosses ', and with an inflating tube h', aud is
made of vulcanised india-rubber as being most suitable.
The seating is formed of metal and provided with a dovetail recess ¹
corresponding in size and form to the boss h¹. A hole is provided in the recess 1¹
through which the inflating tube is passed.
The movable part g is also formed of metal having a dovetail recess g¹ similar in
form and size to the boss h¹. It is provided with means for attachment to the free

page_text: end of the lever (b,f) by which the brake blocks are applied to the wheels. The
dovetail bosses of the chamber are forced into the recesses in the parts g and l.
The inflating tube h³ is carried to a hand or foot forcing apparatus or pump fixed
to the footboard or other convenient part of the vehicle, such apparatus being
described in the Specification of my Letters Patent No. 12526 A.D. 1894.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First. In lever brake apparatus the interposition of a flexible distensible chamber
in tubular communication with a hand or foot power forcing apparatus, between
the operating lever and a fixed part of the vehicle constructed and arranged in
such a manner that the distensible chamber when inflated or distended shall put in
motion the lever arrangement and apply the brake blocks to the wheels substan-
tially as and for the purpose herein before set forth and illustrated;
Second. In lever applied brake apparatus the combination with the operating
lever of a flexible distensible chamber and hand or foot power forcing apparatus
as and for the purpose described and illustrated herein before.
Dated the 7th day of a 1904
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 6, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.