IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR LOOMS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Chetham, of Salford, near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING
TEMPLES FOR LOOMS."
Sealed the 19th December 1879, and dated the 8th August 187
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Chetham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th August 1879.
WILLIAM CHETHAM, of Salford, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR LOOMS."
My Invention relates to the construction of a self-acting temple, so arranged as
to retain its hold on the selvedges of the fabric or material and at the same time
stretching or extending the same during the process of weaving.
For this purpose I use a hollow casting, so formed that I can cut grooves
in the same with a circular cutter, and in these grooves place the rings or washers
and mount them upon a central stud or spindle so that the upper half of such rings
or washers project above the top of the casting, and the other half of such rings or
washers go into the hollow of the casting so as to protect their points from being
knocked or damaged.
The slots in the casting can be cut at any desired angle, and any number of slots
or grooves according to the length of casting.
I can also cut one, two, or three rows of slots or grooves so as to arrange a
corresponding number or series of rings in the same casting. The rings I employ
are similar to what are generally used in the common Swiss temples; I also use
rings made from sheet steel with the teeth cut on the periphory; I also cast the
ears or brackets upon the same casting for fastening the temples to the ordinary
round, flat, or angle bar usually employed in looms.
I cut the grooves or slots at various angles, the nearest groove being at or about
a right angle with the spindle, and each succeeding groove being at a more acute.
angle not only with the spindle but with the face of the first mentioned groove, in
other words, the grooves are not parallel with each other but are arranged at a
slightly increasing angle from each other. This arrangement of rings being
designed to cause the clock or fabric to leave the temple to the full extent to which
it has been stretched or kept extended during the process of weaving.

page_text: $1
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Chetham in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th
February 1880.
WILLIAM CHETHAM, of Salford, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR LOOMS."
My Invention relates to the construction of a self-acting temple, so arranged as to
retain its hold on the edges of the fabric or material, and at the same time stretching
or extending the same during the process of weaving. And in order that this my
said Invention may be the more readily understood and carried into practical effect
I have hereunto annexed a Drawing illustrative of my improvements, and will now
proceed to describe the same, reference being had to the Figures and letters of reference
marked thereon, similar letters being used to denote similar parts in the several
views. Figure 1 is a plan, Figure 2 a front view, Figure 3 an end view partially in
section, and Figure 4 a sectional front view of a self acting temple constructed
according to my Invention; Figure 5 is a plan, Figure 6 a front view, and Figure 7
an end view of another temple also embracing my improvements, and Figure 8 is
a plan, and Figure 9 an end view of so much of a trough and roller temple as is
necessary te explain my improvements which are shewn applied thereto. In all
the views A is the hollow casting, in which are cut by a circular cutter or otherwise
formed a series of slots or grooves B. In these grooves I place a corresponding
number of rings C (similar to what are generally used in the common Swiss
temples, or I use rings made from sheet steel with the teeth cut on the periphery)
which are mounted upon a suitable central stud or spindle D passing through the
hollow casting, as illustrated, and secured in position by its extremity being screwed
and fitted with the nut D¹. It will thus be observed that the points or teeth on
the upper half of the rings C project above the top of the casting A, and that the
points or teeth upon the other half of such rings go into the hollow A' of the
casting, and so are prevented being knocked or damaged. The slots or grooves B
can be formed or cut in the casting at any desired angle and any number of such
slots or grooves made according to the length of casting. I can also cut or form
one, two, three, or more rows of slots in the same casting either parallel to each
other or otherwise, so as to arrange a corresponding number or series of rings in
the same casting. These slots or grooves may be arranged at various angles, as
seen in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the nearest groove to the centre of the fabric being
"templed," being at or about a right angle with the spindle D, and each succeeding
groove being at a more acute angle not only with the spindle but with the face of
the first mentioned groove, or the grooves may be parallel with each other, as seen
in Figures 5, 6, and 7. My improved temple is applied to the loom in various
ways. As seen in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 the hollow casting is formed in one piece
with the bracket E, which enables the temple to be fastened to the socks or castings
commonly used in the star or segment temples or to the ordinary round bar F.
seen in Figures 5, 6, and 7, the hollow casting A is separate and is so arranged that
the same nut G secures the spindle D in position (a square being formed upon the
head), and also connects the hollow casting to the bracket H which in its turn is
secured to the flat or angle bar I by means of the clamping plate J and the bolt and
nut K. I am thus enabled to construct a cheap and effectual self-acting temple
without the usual intervening segments, the rings being mounted direct upon the
spindle itself ensuring steadiness of action, and whereby the cloth or fabric is kept
stretched and extended during the process of weaving and caused to leave the
temple at the full width to which it has been so stretched or extended. In Figures
8 and 9 I show my improved hollow casting applied in the construction of a trough
or roller temple as chiefly used in loose reed looms, and for which purpose the
roller L (which may be either a new roller or the ordinary chased and fluted roller
As

page_text: with the ends turned down for a suitable length) is mounted in the trough M, and
is provided with its extremities N of sufficiently small diameter to receive the
hollow casting O with its complement of toothed or serrated rings (seen dotted),
which in this case are mounted direct upon the small diameter of such roller. This
hollow casting is adjustable along the smaller diameter of the roller L to suit the
various width of cloths, and the small part L' of the roller is made up level with
the other or thick part of the roller by means of suitable removable collars or
bosses P (seen dotted) which I secure in position by means of countersunk screws Q,
whilst the hollow casting A may be secured in position by the set screws R. The
cloth in thus passing through the trough M and beneath the roller L, which may
revolve or be stationary, kept extended by the application of my hollow casting
and rings, and in order to adjust the templing of the cloth to the greatest nicety
I arrange a compound adjustable step S at each end of the trough to receive the
round or square necks T of the roller. This step is guided up and down in the
ends of the trough by the vertical stud U, and is fixed at any desired height by
the set screw V. It is also capable of being placed nearer to or further from the
reed without moving the main body of the bearing or step by the application of
the slot W and set screw X. I also apply my improved hollow casting and rings
to any section of stationary bar by arranging that the rings alone shall revolve at
any desired angle. Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature
of this my said Invention, together with the best methods with which I am
acquainted for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details, relative proportions
and dimensions of the various parts of the improved self-acting temples, herein before
described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing, as the same may be con-
siderably varied without departing from the Invention; but what I claim is,-
1st. The improved construction and arrangement of self-acting temples, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
2nd. The use and application of a hollow casting in the construction of a temple
whereby the segments hitherto employed are dispensed with, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
3rd. The methods of mounting and applying my improved hollow casting and
rings, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated on
the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Willian Chetham, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this 30th day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
WILLIAM CHETHAM. (L.S.)