IMPROVEMENTS IN SUBMARINE AND OTHER TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Timothy Morris and Robert Weare, both of Bir-
mingham, in the County of Warwick, Electricians, and Edward Henry
Cradock Monckton, of Fineshade, in the County of Northampton,
Esquire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SUBMARINE AND OTHER
TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Timothy Morris, Robert
Weare, and Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th January
1862.
We, TIMOTHY MORRIS and ROBERT WEARE, both of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Electricians, and EDWARD HENRY CRADOCK MONCKTON,
of Fineshade, in the County of Northampton, Esquire, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SUBMARINE AND OTHER
TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of electric light to the purpose of
producing signals and communicating intelligence. The apparatus consists
of one or more vacuum tubes.or vessels of glass or other suitable material or
combination of materials, variously shaped and colored or not, and prepared as
follows:-Theair is first exhausted from them and a simple vacuum formed, or
else carbonic acid gas, carburetted hydrogen gas, phosphuretted hydrogen gas,
nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, or other similar gas,or the vapour from an ether,
such as the sulphuric, nitric, hydrochloric, or other ether, or any combination

page_text: thereof, is then to be injected into the tube or tubes. The gas used is then to
be exhausted from the tube till a proper vacuum is obtained to permit the
electricity to flow freely from points of platinum or other wires at each end of
the tubes & within them. The tubes are then to be hermetically sealed, when
they will continue constant in their action, and variously colored lights will
also be produced by the passage of electricity. The tubes or vessels may
be furnished with glass letters of various colors fixed thereon, in order to afford
siguals. By causing the electric current (by preference produced & induced
by means of our batteries and induction coils) to pass through the tubes in a
downward direction, we produce a light or lights of a certain color or colors,
and by reversing or otherwise changing the direction of the current we produce
a light or lights of a different color or colors. By a suitable arrangement with
regard to the production and repetition of these various colored lights in the
tube or tubes or vessels a code of letters, words, or signals may be established,
and submarine, aerial, or underground telegraphic communication effected.
The necessary electricity may be obtained from the magneto-electric machine,
the hydro-electric machine, and other sources, but we prefer to employ an
induction coil. The electric current may be conveyed to and from the
apparatus by means of submarine or other wires or cables, according to
circumstances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Timothy Morris, Robert Weare, and Edward Henry Cradock
Monckton, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, TIMOTHY
MORRIS and ROBERT WEARE, both of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Electricians, and EDWARD HENRY CRADOCK MONCKTON, of Fineshade, in the
County of Northampton, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Timothy Morris, and Robert Weare, and Edward Henry Cradock
Monckton, Her special licence that we, the said Timothy Morris, and Robert
Weare,and Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such other as we, the said Timothy Morris, and Robert Weare,
and Edward Henry Cradock Menckton, our executors, administrators, and

page_text: assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUBMARINE AND OTHER TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION, AND IN
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Timothy Morris, and Robert Weare, and Edward Henry Cradock
Monckton, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Timothy Morris, and Robert Weare,
and Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our Invention consists in the application of electric light, however gene-
rated, to the purpose of producing signals and communicating intelligence.
The apparatus consists of one or more vacuum tubes or vessels of glass or
other suitable material or combination of materials, variously shaped, and
colored or not, and prepared as follows:-The air is first exhausted from
them and a simple vacuum formed, or else vapours or gases, such as the
carbonic acid gas, carburetted hydrogen gas, phospuretted hydrogen gas,
nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, or other similar gas, or the vapour from an ether,
such as the sulphuric, nitric, hydrochloric, or other ether, or any combination
thereof, is then to be injected into the tube or tubes. The vapour or gas used
is then to be exhausted from the tube till a proper vacuum is obtained to
permit the electricity to flow freely from points of platinum or other wires at
each end of the tubes and within them. The tubes are then to be hermetically
sealed, when they will continue constant in their action, and variously-colored
lights will also be produced by the passage of electricity through them. The
tubes or vessels may be furnished with glass letters of various colors fixed
thereon, or entire words and sentences, in order to afford signals. By causing
the electric current (by preference produced and induced by means of our
batteries and induction coils) to pass through the tubes in one direction we
produce a light or lights of a certain color or colors, and by reversing or
otherwise changing the direction of the current, we produce a light or lights
of a different color or colors. By a suitable arrangement with regard to the

page_text: production and repetition of these various colored lights in the tube or tubes
or..vessels,, a.code of letters, words, or signals may be established, and sub-
marine, aerial, or underground telegraphic communication effected. The
necessary electricity may be obtained from the magneto-electric machine and
other sources, but we prefer to employ a voltaic battery with an induction
coil. The electric current may be conveyed to and from the apparatus by
means of submarine or other wires or cables, according to circumstances.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we would remark,
in conclusion, that we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein
expressed, as the same may be varied or modified in many ways without
departing from the main principles on which the Invention is based; for
example, by the application of any means by which the electric fluid may have
its light varied in color so as to communicate a signal, and also by the use of
other gases, ethers, or vapours which may be contained in the glass vessels
than those indicated herein, and the forms, colors, and combinations of the
glass vessels themselves may be varied to a considerable extent, in order to
render them applicable to the purposes intended; but what we claim as our
Invention and desire to be secured to us by the herein in part recited Letters
Patent, is the application of electric light to the purposes of submarine and
other telegraphic communication, and also the apparatus connected therewith
.or employed therein, substantially in the manner herein specified.
In witness whereof, we, the said Timothy Morris and Robert Weare and
Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Twenty-first day of July, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-two.