Improved, or Improvements in connection with, Fancy or Ornamental Bricks, Tiles, Slabs, Wallings, Ceilings, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 30th day of July 1895, allowed
under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of this
Specification.
Complete Specification Left, 24th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 28th Apr.,
1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved, or Improvements in connection with, Fancy or
Ornamental Bricks, Tiles, Slabs, Wallings, Ceilings, and
the like.
I, ANTHONY SHELMERDINE, of 67, Stanley Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Estate Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has mainly for its object to produce improved, or improvements in
connection with, fancy or ornamental bricks, tiles, slabs, wallings, ceilings, or other
surfaces, whereby such surfaces, or surfaces made of said bricks, tiles, or slabs, may
be rendered pleasing in effect, smooth, cleanly, and relatively inexpensive, as well
as being generally useful as surfacing material or articles.
According to this invention, I produce bricks, tiles, or slabs, or sufaces, such as
specified, by providing on that part presented to view, a facing or face consisting
of a thin tablet or tablets or piece or pieces of "opal" or coloured or partly
coloured glass, or pot-glass, or analogous material, said face or facing being made
to adhere to its backing (that is, brick, stone, cement, plaster, or other material, as
the case may be) by having or being provided with a rough granular or sanded
back. This rough granular or sanded back I produce by applying sand or granular
material on the back of the tablets or pieces of glass or other material, and fixing
it thereon by a fluxing material (such as glass-flux for instance) under an artificial
temperature. This may be done within a suitable stove, oven, or furnace, but
below such a temperature as will injuriously affect the nature of said glass or other
tablets, or pieces.
Thus under this invention, the pieces or tablets to be applied to the wallings,
ceilings, or other surfaces, or to form the surface of the bricks, slabs, or the like,
have the front surface even or smooth, or of other nature or formation, whilst the
back surface is rough, granular, or sanded.
These slabs or pieces of glass or other material herein described may be of any
suitable form or shape; and in some cases the edges or parts of same may be
bevelled or have other special formation.
The rough granular or sanded backed tablets or pieces render their adhesion to
the bricks blocks wallings, ceilings, &c., firm, and not liable to fall off from same
otherwise removed
through atmospheric influences, or be readily knocked or
therefrom.

page_text: The invention may be carried out in different ways, and modified to suit different
applications, which may be various; and materials or substances, other than those
particularly specified, may be used in carrying out the invention the nature of which
is above specified.
Dated this 24th day of June 1893
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
Improved, or Improvements in connection with, Fancy or
Ornamental Bricks, Tiles, Slabs, Wallings, Ceilings, and
the like.
I, ANTHONY SHELMERDINE, of 67 Stanley Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Estate Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has mainly for its object to produce improved, or improvements
in connection with, fancy or ornamental tiles, bricks, slabs, wallings, ceilings, or
other surfaces, whereby such surfaces, or surfaces made of said bricks, tiles or
slabs, may be rendered pleasing in effect, smooth, cleanly and relatively inexpensive,
as well as being generally useful as surfacing material or articles.
According to this invention, I produce bricks, tiles, or slabs, or surfaces, such as
specified, by providing on that part presented to view, a facing or face consisting
of a thin tablet or tablets or piece or pieces of "opal" or coloured, or partly
coloured, glass, or pot-glass, said face or facing being made to adhere, by cement
or equivalent adhesive, to its backing (that is, brick, stone, cement, plaster, or
other material, as the case may be) by having or being provided with a rough or
granular back. This rough or granular or sanded back I produce by applying sand
or granular material, as crushed or broken glass, on the back of the tablets or
pieces of glass or other material, and fixing it thereon by a fluxing material (such
as glass flux for instance) under an artificial temperature. This may be done
within a suitable stove, oven, or furnace, but below such a temperature as will
injuriously affect the nature of said glass or tablets, or pieces.
Thus under this invention, the pieces or tablets to be applied to the wallings,
ceilings, or other surfaces, or to form the surface of the bricks, slabs, or the like,
have the front surface even or smooth, or of other nature or formation, whilst the
back surface is rough or granular.
These slabs or pieces of glass or other material herein described may be of any
suitable form or shape; and in some cases the edges or parts of same may be
bevelled or have other special formation.
The form or nature of the bricks or the tablets or pieces, render their adhesion
to the bricks, blocks, wallings, ceilings, &c., firm, and not liable to fall off from
same through atmospheric influences, or be readily knocked or otherwise removed
therefrom.
In carrying out the invention, in the form I at present prefer, I use, as the
backing to the tablets, broken glass, say which will stand about 1 of an inch, more
or less, out from the back of the tablets, this broken glass being made to adhere
thereto by a suitable fluxing material, applied as above described. However, in
different sizes of tablets or pieces of glass used, the grains employed as the backing,
may be larger or smaller, but their size in relation to the thickness of glass used must
not be such as to interfere with the proper cutting of a sheet with granular back into
tablets.

page_text: The rough or granular back constitutes a "key," or is of the nature of a
key,'
"
by which when applied to the surface and adhered thereto by the cement used, a
secure union or adhesion is effected.
In some cases, where surfaces, as walls, are covered with tablets or pieces of
glass, of sizes and shapes as is at present done with ornamental or fancy tiles and
bricks, I cut in the edges of the tablets or pieces, grooves, which when applied to
the surface are filled with cement; whilst the other tablets adjacent to same have
no rough or granular backing, but are-on the edges at least which come up against
or upon the edges of the said tablets-similarly provided with grooves, which
become filled with such cement when being pressed into position: thus this cement
forms a key, so that these tablets or pieces are interlocked, and by this means only
some or certain of the tablets or pieces used upon the surface are provided with the
rough or granular back.
The drawing annexed hereto illustrates this feature. In this drawing a is the
tablet or piece having the rough or granular back, b being such back, which may
be assumed to consist of broken glass, applied and held thereon, as described;
whilst c c c are the adjacent tablets or pieces which abut against or come in contact
with the edges of the tablet a. d represents the keying of cement fitting in and
filling both the grooves formed in the edges of the tablet a, and those in the
tablets c, c, c.
It will now be plainly seen that by certain tiles being secured to
the surface to which they are to be attached by a suitable cement-as Keen's
cement or other suitable cement-other tablets, c, without the backing, but with the
grooves in the edges thereof, will be firmly held thereon.
These tablets may be applied to existing plaster or cement surfaces, and also to
brick walls, as well as to new surfaces.
In some cases I find that for tablets or pieces of the size of ordinary tiles, used
on walls and other surfaces, about one eighth of an inch will be of sufficient
thickness in the case of "opal " or like glass being used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The herein described improvement-connected with Fancy or ornamental textile
slabs and bricks, wallings, ceilings, and the like, consisting of the employment of a
produced by attaching by means of a suitable cement a facing consisting of tablets or
pieces of glass having rough or a granular backing provided thereon; substantially
as described.
2. A tablet of glass, as "opal" or coloured or partly coloured glass, having or
being provided with a rough or granular back, consisting of broken glass fixed
thereon by a fluxing material and by subjecting same to an artificial temperature;
substantially as and for the purposes described
3. In ornamental or fancy surfacings, for walls and analogous surfaces, of the
nature herem referred to, the employment of tablets or pieces of glass having a
backing of rough-or-granulated form thereon, as described, and grooves in the
edges thereof-adapted to receive cement and serve as a keying or means for holding
adjoining tablets or pieces-with-corresponding grooves in the edges thereof;
substantially as-set forth.
1004
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.