Improvement in Oil Lamps Principally Adapted for Lighthouse Use.
Year: 1885

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 19th day of August 1887, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Oil Lamps Principally Adapted for
Lighthouse Use.
JOHN HOWARD Ross of 32 & 33 Wicklow Street Dublin, Manufacturers agent,
ARCHIBALD MACKENZIE Jun' of 32 & 33 Wicklow St. Dublin, Contractor, do hereby
declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENT IN OIL LAMPS, PRINCIPALLY
ADAPTED FOR LIGHTHOUSE USE to be as follows:-
passes
a
This improvement is applicable to lamps having circular or argand wicks in
combination with a forced air supply of uniform pressure as described in Specifica-
tion No 11090 dated 9th August 1884. The wick tube has round it a larger tube
or casing which has fitted to its top a cap or burner having a circular hole cut in
it, sufficiently large to allow the flame to pass through it-The cap or burner is
shaped so as to impinge the air on the flame round the outside the air also
through the inside of wick tube to the centre of the flame. This inner tube has
bracket across the inside a little below the top which carries a wire or rod, that
stands central with the burner and projects above it, a tube about half the diameter
of the inner wick tube surrounds the central rod or wire and is attached to it by a
bracket across the inside-The upper end of this tube is bell mouthed or trumpet
shaped and stands slightly over the cap or burner so as to impinge portion of the
air passing up through centre of burner on to the lower part of the inside of flame.
The other portion of air passes through the inside of trumpet mouthed tube striking
on a platinum or metal button fastened to the top of the central wire or rod and is
deflected on to the top of the inside of flame.
The size of the different parts as described also the distance between the end of
trumpet mouthed tube and the button at top will depend on the diameter of wick
used.
By this arrangement there is a greater amount of illuminating power obtained
from a given sized wick as the combustion is more perfect.
The wick may be made to rise or fall by a screw arrangement inside the wick
tube, or by a rack & pinion both of which methods are well understood and the oil
supplied to the wick tube by means of a small pipe from a tank or reservoir.
If desirable large burners having circles of wicks surrounding each other may be
used the air deflectors being in rings surrounding and between the flames sup-
ported by wires attached to the burner caps or otherwise as might be found
convenient.
1711 1
1005

page_text: Improvement in Oil Lamps Principally Adapted for
Lighthouse Use.
JOHN HOWARD Ross of 32 & 33 Wicklow St Dublin, Manufacturers Agent,
ARCHIBALD MACKENZIE Juur. of 32 & 33 Wicklow St Dublin Contractor do hereby
declare the nature of their invention for IMPROVEMENT IN OIL LAMPS PRINCIPALLY
ADAPTED FOR LIGHTHOUSE USE and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This improvement is applicable to lamps having circular or argand wicks in
combination with a forced air supply of uniform pressure and consists in using air
directors and deflectors whereby more perfect coinbustion is obtained with a
smaller amount of air than if the same were not used and also obviating the use of
a glass chimney.
In order that our invention may be more fully understood, we have annexed a
sheet of Drawings showing two burners and will proceed to describe the different
parts with reference thereto.
Fig. 1 shews a section of a single wick argand or circular burner.
Fig. 2, section of burner having three wicks although it is obvious that any
number of wicks can be used, or the wicks instead of being made in one piece may
be formed of circles of small round wicks surrounding each other see Fig. 3,
shewing top view, and when the flame is required to be higher or the same height,
with a smaller amount of wick projecting above wick tubes, two circular or argand
wicks and wick tubes, one surrounding the other may be used between each pair
of air deflectors, a small space being left between the tubes to admit of a current of
air passing up and mixing with the flames at the point where the deflectors cause
the two flames to unite and become one flame, see section Fig. 4.
In Fig. 1. A is the wick tube the wick being made to rise and fall by any of the
known means.
B. Outer case surrounding wick tube and which conducts the air passing up
round wick tube to the air deflector or cap C, fitted to its top for the purpose of
impinging the air upon outside of lower part of flame.
D. Thrumpet mouthed tube or central deflector to impinge portion of the air
passing up centre of wick tube on to bottom of inside of flame the other portion of
air passes up through tube and striking on top deflector E is thrown into the top
of flame.
F. Pipe coming from air compresser and having fitted to its end directly under
and central with cone G, a nozzle, this nozzle causes the air to rush with such force
as to induce currents of air from the surrounding atmosphere to enter cone G,
and pass up through burner.
H. Perforated cap to protect nozzle and cone from side draughts.
I, J. Cross brackets to carry deflectors.
In Fig. 2, A is an oil reservoir supplied with oil in the usual manner through
pipe B, and held concentric with outer case F and G by three projections V which
also acts as stuffing boxes round spindle that carries pinion for raising or lowering
each of the wicks.
C, C, C, C. Upright tubes carrying wick tubes D, D, D, D, one of which supplies
wick tubes with oil from reservonir A the other allows the rack that carries the
wick to pass down and to be acted upon by pinion E.
H. Tube passing down through oil reservoir which acts as a guide to central
air tube J. the latter being held in position by screw I or other suitable means.

page_text: K, K, K, L, L, L. Air deflectors surrounding and between the flames for the
purpose of deflecting portion of the air passing up round and between wick tubes
upon the lower portion of both inside and outside of flames, a space may or may
not be left between deflectors as shewn in Drawing, but where a high light is
wanted it improves combustion by causing a fresh current of air to be thrown into
flame above the deflectors, the deflectors can be fitted to top of wick tubes by
brackets or other known means.
M. Top deflector mounted on central air tube J.
N. Cone supported by wires from deflector, M or otherwise as may be found
convenient, The pressure of air going up through cone from nozzle P. draws in the
tops of flames round deflector M. or if M were not used round tube J. and inside of
cone N and thereby causing more perfect combustion at the tops of flames and
making them more steady, if desirable the ordinary overhanging flue for carrying
off the products may be placed over the cone N.
R. Cone connected to bottom of outer case of lamp surrounding and over or
above nozzle 0, which by the force of air from nozzle O induces currents of air from
the surrounding atmosphere to enter or be drawn into lamp.
S. Perforated cover or cap fitting over nozzle and cone to protect the same from
draughts.
T. Perforated metal or gauze cylinder made conical, the smaller end resting on
oil reservoir A, the larger extending so as to press against shoulder U on outside
case, the object of this cylinder is to distribute the air uniformly over lower end of
wick tubes.
When the pipes J. and Q are connected to a suitable air compressor the air forced
through the nozzles O. and P. causes a current of air to rush through the different
parts of lamp as indicated by the arrows.
We wish it to be understood that we do not here claim any particular form of
air forcing apparatus or any of the other parts as described apart or separate from
argand or concentric wick oil burners for Lighthouse use as described and as illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings but, having now particularly described and
ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed we declare that what we do claim is
1* The application to argand or concentric wick burners for Lighthouse or
other use of deflectors surrounding and between the flames substantially as described
and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2nd The application to concentric wick oil burners for Lighthouse use of a cone
or nozzle or cones and nozzles in combination with and connected to an air com-
presser for the purpose of introducing currents of the surrounding air into the
lamp substantially as described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3rd The application to concentric wick or argand oil burners for Lighthouse use
of a top deflector, nozzle, and cone, in combination with a forced air supply for the
purpose of causing more perfect combustion in the tops of the flames and of making
the same more steady by drawing them together as described and as illustrated by
the accompanying Drawings.
4th The combination of all the different parts as hereinbefore described and as
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings and the application of all or any of them
to oil burners having circular wicks or circles of wicks surrounding each other and
having a forced air supply of uniform pressure for Lighthouse use.
Dated this 8th day of Feby 1000.
JOHN HOWARD ROSS.
ARCH MACKENZIE, JB.
JOHN HOWARD ROSS.
ARCH
MACKENZIE, JR.

page_text: Lighthouse Use.
JOHN HOWARD Ross of 32 & 33 Wicklow Street Dublin, Manufacturers agent,
ARCHIBALD MACKENZIE Jun of 32 & 33 Wicklow St. Dublin, Contractor, do hereby
declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENT IN OIL LAMPS, PRINCIPALLY
ADAPTED FOR LIGHTHOUSE USE to be as follows:-
This improvement is applicable to lamps having circular or argand wicks in
combination with a forced air supply of uniform pressure as described in Specifica.-
tion No 11090 dated 9th August 1884. The wick tube has round it a larger tube
or casing which has fitted to its top a cap or burner having a circular hole cut in
it, sufficiently large to allow the flame to pass through it-The cap or burner is
shaped so as to impinge the air on the flame round the outside the air also passes
through the inside of wick tube to the centre of the flame. This inner tube has a
bracket across the inside a little below the top which carries a wire or rod, that
stands central with the burner and projects above it, a tube about half the diameter
of the inner wick tube surrounds the central rod or wire and is attached to it by a
bracket across the inside-The upper end of this tube is bell mouthed or trumpet
shaped and stands slightly over the cap or burner so as to impinge portion of the
air passing up through centre of burner on to the lower part of the inside of flame.
The other portion of air passes through the inside of trumpet mouthed tube striking
on a platinum or metal button fastened to the top of the central wire or rod and is
deflected on to the top of the inside of flame.
The size of the different parts as described also the distance between the end of
trumpet mouthed tube and the button at top will depend on the diameter of wick
used
By this arrangement there is a greater amount of illuminating power obtained'
from a given sized wick as the combustion is more perfect.
The wick may be made to rise or fall by a screw arrangement inside the wick
tube, or by a rack & pinion both of which methods are well understood and the oil
supplied to the wick tube by means of a small pipe from a tank or reservoir.
If desirable large burners having circles of wicks surrounding each other may be
used the air deflectors being in rings surrounding and between the flames sup-
ported by wires attached to the burner caps or otherwise as might be found
convenient.
;

page_text: ирготешень 11 on Lamps Frincipany Adapted for
Lighthouse Use.
JOHN HOWARD Ross of 32 & 33 Wicklow St Dublin, Manufacturers Agent,
ARCHIBALD MACKENZIE Junr. of 32 & 33 Wicklow St Dublin Contractor do hereby
declare the nature of their invention for IMPROVEMENT IN OIL LAMPS PRINCIPALLY
ADAPTED FOR LIGHTHOUSE USE and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement: -
This improvement is applicable to lamps having circular or argand wicks in
combination with a forced air supply of uniform pressure and consists in using air
directors and deflectors whereby more perfect combustion is obtained with a
smaller amount of air than if the same were not used and also obviating the use of
a glass chimney.
In order that our invention may be more fully understood, we have annexed a
sheet of Drawings showing two burners and will proceed to describe the different
parts with reference thereto.
Fig. 1. shews a section of a single wick argand or circular burner.
Fig. 2, section of burner having three wicks although it is obvious that any
number of wicks can be used, or the wicks instead of being made in one piece may
be formed of circles of small round wicks surrounding each other see Fig. 3,
shewing top view, and when the flame is required to be higher or the same height,
with a smaller amount of wick projecting above wick tubes, two circular or argand
wicks and wick tubes, one surrounding the other may be used between each pair
of air deflectors, a small space being left between the tubes to admit of a current of
air passing up and mixing with the flames at the point where the deflectors cause
the two flames to unite and become one flame, see section Fig. 4.
In Fig. 1. A is the wick tube the wick being made to rise and fall by any of the
known means.
B. Outer case surrounding wick tube and which conducts the air passing up
round wick tube to the air deflector or cap C, fitted to its top for the purpose of
impinging the air upon outside of lower part of flame.
D. Thrumpet mouthed tube or central deflector to impinge portion of the air
passing up centre of wick tube on to bottom of inside of flame the other portion of
air passes up through tube and striking on top deflector E is thrown into the top
of flame.
"
F. Pipe coming from air compresser and having fitted to its end directly under
and central with cone G, a nozzle, this nozzle causes the air to rush with such force
as to induce currents of air from the surrounding atmosphere to enter cone G,
and pass up through burner.
H. Perforated cap to protect nozzle and cone from side draughts.
I, J. Cross brackets to carry deflectors.
In Fig. 2, A is an oil reservoir supplied with oil in the usual manner through
pipe B, and held concentric with outer case F and G by three projections V which
also acts as stuffing boxes round spindle that carries pinion for raising or lowering
the wicks.
C, C, C, C. Upright tubes carrying wick tubes D, D, D, D, one of which supplies
wick tubes with oil from reservour A the other allows the rack that carries the
wick to pass down and to be acted upon by pinion E
H. Tube passing down through oil reservoir which acts as a guide to central
air tube J. the latter being held in position by screw I or other suitable means.

page_text: K, K, K, L, L, L. Air deflectors surrounding and between the flames for the
purpose of deflecting portion of the air passing up round and between wick tubes
upon the lower portion of both inside and outside of flames, a space may or may
not be left between deflectors as shewn in Drawing, but where a high light is
wanted it improves combustion by causing a fresh current of air to be thrown into
flame above the deflectors, the deflectors can be fitted to top of wick tubes by
brackets or other known means.
M. Top deflector mounted on central air tube J.
N. Cone supported by wires from deflector, M or otherwise as may be found
convenient, The pressure of air going up through cone from nozzle P. draws in the
tops of flames round deflector M. or if M were not used round tube J. and inside of
cone N and thereby causing more perfect combustion at the tops of flames and
making them more steady, if desirable the ordinary overhanging flue for carrying
off the products may be placed over the cone N.
R. Cone connected to bottom of outer case of lamp surrounding and over or
above nozzle O, which by the force of air from nozzle O induces currents of air from
the surrounding atmosphere to enter or be drawn into lamp.
S. Perforated cover or cap fitting over nozzle and cone to protect the same from
draughts.
T. Perforated metal or gauze cylinder made conical, the smaller end resting on
oil reservoir A, the larger extending so as to press against shoulder U on outside
case, the object of this cylinder is to distribute the air uniformly over lower end of
wick tubes.
When the pipes J. and Q are connected to a suitable air compressor the air forced
through the nozzle O. and P. causes a current of air to rush through the different
parts of lamp as indicated by the arrows.
We wish it to be understood that we do not here claim any particular form of
air forcing apparatus or any of the other parts as described apart or seperate from
argand or concentric wick oil burners for Lighthouse use as described and as illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings but, having now particularly described and
ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed we declare that what we do claim is
1st The application to argand or concentric wick burners for Lighthouse or
other use of deflectors surrounding and between the flames substantially as described
and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2nd The application to concentric wick oil burners for Lighthouse use of a cone
or nozzle or cones and nozzles in combination with and connected to an air com-
presser for the purpose of introducing currents of the surrounding air into the
lamp substantially as described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3rd The application to concentric wick or argand oil burners for Lighthouse use
of a top deflector, nozzle, and cone, in combination with a forced air supply for the
purpose of causing more perfect combustion in the tops of the flames and of making
the same more steady by drawing them together as described and as illustrated by
the accompanying Drawings.
4th The combination of all the different parts as herein before described and as
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings and the application of all or any of them
to oil burners having circular wicks or circles of wicks surrounding each other and
having a forced air supply of uniform pressure for Lighthouse use.
Dated this 8th day of February 1886
JOHN HOWARD ROSS.
ARCHP MACKENZIE, JR.