Improvements in Compounds to be Used for Manufacturing Illumi- nating Gas, the Prevention of Stoppages in Ascension Pipes, and the Deposition of Naphthaline.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 15th Mar., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Compounds to be Used for Manufacturing Illumi-
nating Gas, the Prevention of Stoppages in Ascension Pipes, and
the Deposition of Naphthaline.
I, SAMUEL BROTHERS DARWIN of the Gas Works, Portsea, Hampshire, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to bo as follows:-
The objects of this invention are to utilize coal tar, and breeze, each of which is at
present of comparatively little value, together with shale oil, or coal or cannel tar oil, or
other suitable oil, and with or without the addition of slaked or hydrate of lime for
preventing stoppages in ascension pipes, and the deposit of naphthaline, while
the gas produced by the use of this mixture in addition to coal is of superior
quality.
For the purpose of carrying out this invention I mix together by a pug mill or
other appropriate means 160 gallons of tar, 28 gallons of oil, 96 bushels of breeze,
and in some cases about 10 bushels of slaked or hydrate of lime. I do not
confine myself to the proportions just mentioned as they may be varied to suit the
particular kind of coal employed, and other circumstances. The mixture however
should be in most cases sufficiently solid to bear walking upon. When the retort
is charged with coal an ordinary scoop full of this compound is introduced into the
retort and left on the top of the coal, the both being carbonized together. When
used for increasing the illuminating power of the gas the compound is by preference
inserted in the hottest retorts, but when used for preventing stoppage in the ascension
pipes, it is of course necessary to charge those retorts, the ascension pipes of which
are most liable to become choked.
By these means gas of a superior quality is produced while much tar and breeze
are utilized, and the deposit of naphthaline and the choking of ascension pipes are
prevented.
W. H. BENNETT,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Compounds to be Used for Manufacturing Illumi-
nating Gas, the Prevention of Stoppages in Ascension Pipes, and
the Deposition of Naphthalene.
I, SAMUEL BROTHERS DARWIN of the Gas Works, Portsea, Hampshire, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The objects of this invention are to utilize coal tar and breeze, each of which is
at present of comparatively little value, together with shale, petroleum or paraffin oil,
or coal or cannel tar oil, or other suitable oil, and with or without the addition of
slaked or hydrate of lime, for preventing stoppages in ascension pipes, and the deposit
of naphthalene, while the gas produced by the use of this mixture in addition to coal
is of superior quality.
For the purpose of carrying out this invention I mix together by a pug mill or
other appropriate means 160 gallons of tar, 28 gallons of oil, 96 bushels of breeze
and in some cases about 10 bushels of slaked or hydrate of lime. I do not confine
myself to the proportions just mentioned as I find that a good mixture consists of
about 3 gallons of tar, 1 gallon of shale oil, 3 pints of petroleum or paraffin oil to

page_text: 2 bushels of breeze, the latter to be moistened with water if found too dry. Further
variations may be made to suit the particular kind of coal employed and other
circumstances. The mixture however should be in most cases sufficiently solid and
so mixed together as to keep from running or firing when placed or heaped on the
retort house floor or other place for use, and to bear walking upon without inconvenience,
or subject to be set on fire by hot drags, rakes, or other implements. When the
retort is charged with coal, an ordinary scoop full of this compound is introduced
into the retort and left on the top of the coal, both the coal and the mixture being
carbonized together, or the retort may be opened, say, an hour before the allotted
time fixed for drawing the coke, and instead of recharging it with coal a scoop or
charger full or other suitable quantity of the mixture, according to the room for
its reception may then be introduced and laid on the top of the red hot coke, where
it may be left until the appropriate time for drawing the whole charge. When
adopting the latter course it is preferable select the hottest retorts for introducing
the mixture, the coal in such retorts being usually carbonized somewhat earlier than
the full time allowed for the operation in retorts charged with coal alone.
By these means gas of a superior quality is produced, the water, if any be used,
in damping the breeze, in addition to that already existing in it as moisture being
converted into steam and subsequently into hydrogen. The hydrogen mixed with
the rich permanent gases derived from the tar and oil also mix with those eliminated
from the coal and other sources. These compound gases mixed with the gases
manufactured in the ordinary way while increasing the illuminating power of
the whole, also prevent the deposit of naphthalene and the choking of ascension
pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The compounding of materials so as to form the mixture herein described, and
the application of such mixture in the manner and to the purposes herein set forth.
Dated this 12th day of February 1890.
W. H. BENNETT,
Agent for the Applicant.