CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING COTTON, FLAX, WOOL, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
FAIRBAIRN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-second day of June, in the first year of Her
reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
eight, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Peter Fairbairn, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Peter Fairbairn, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and such others as I, the said Peter Fairbairn, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England
and Wales and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING, SPINNING, DOUBLING,
AND TWISTING COTTON, FLAX, WOOL, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Peter
Fairbairn, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly
to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled
in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Peter Fairbairn, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Roving, Spinning,
Doubling, and Twisting Cotton, Flax, Wool, Silk, or other Fibrous Substances,
consist in a certain arrangement of machinery by which I am enabled to
drive two rows of spindles by one horizontal shaft, and also to give the
taking-up motion to two rows of bobbins by another horizontal shaft. This
contrivance is applicable to various constructions of machinery for roving,
spinning, twisting, and doubling cotton, flax, wool, silk, and other fibrous
materials, but the essential features of my improvement will be fully under-
stood by the accompanying Drawing, which represents parts of a roving
frame.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a portion of the front of a machine called a
regulating roving frame, exhibiting several spindles with bobbins and flyers
mounted thereon; a, a, being a series of spindles placed in the front row,
and b, b, similar spindles placed in the back row.
Figure 2 is a section taken transversely through the roving frame,
shewing the situation of the front row of spindles a, and the back row b.
The pivots of these rows of spindles are supported in steps upon the back
and front foot or steprails c and d, and are kept in their vertical positions by
collars e, e, inserted into the two spindle rails f and g. Upon the lower
part of each spindle a worm or oblique toothed pinion h is affixed, which
pinions severally take into corresponding worm or oblique toothed wheels
i, i, i, fixed upon the horizontal shaft k, passing longitudinally through the
machine, between the two rows of spindles. Hence it will be perceived
that by giving rotary motion to the shaft k by any of the ordinary means,
all the spindles, with their flyers in the two rows, will be driven. A moveable
frame or carriage 1, 1, is mounted in the machine, answering the pur-
pose of a copping rail, for raising and lowering the bobbins m, m, m. This
frame is to be moved up and down by any of the ordinary mechanism
by which traverse motions are affected, and therefore I do not consider it
necessary to shew that part of the machine, as it will be well understood by
spinning machine makers. The spindles pass through collars n, n, in the
sliding frame l, and also pass through loose sockets o, o, supported by
the collars n, upon the upper parts of which sockets the bobbins m respec-

page_text: tively bear. At the lower part of each socket an oblique toothed pinion p
is affixed, which pinion takes into a corresponding oblique toothed wheel q,
on the horizontal shaft r, mounted in the sliding carriage. The movements
of the sliding carriage l, and the rotary motion of the shaft r, being effected
by similar means to those usually employed for working the bobbin, lifting
rail, shafts in regulating roving frames, it will be perceived that the bobbins
will be turned independently of the spindles, and consequently that any
taking-up motion may be given to them which circumstances may require,
and that governed by a differential movement suited to the increasing diame-
ter of the rovings winding on the bobbins.
Having now described the particular features of my improvements in the
machinery or apparatus for roving, spinning, doubling, and twisting fibrous
materials, as adapted for regulating roving frames, I desire it to be under-
stood that I do not intend to confine the adaptation of my Invention to
that particular construction of machine, but I claim the adaptation of the
wheels and pinions in the manner shewn to the driving of all descriptions of
roving, spinning, doubling, and twisting machinery, in which spindles or
bobbins, or both, are driven by toothed gear in one, two, or more series.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Fairbairn, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.
PETER (L.B.) FAIRBAIRN.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of November,
in the second year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said
Peter Fairbairn came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein con-
tained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument afore-
said was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth
year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-second day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-eight.