Improvements in or connected with Steam and like Power Hammers.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Steam and like Power Hammers.
I, EDWARD SAMUEL BRETT, of Meriden Street, Holyhead Road, Coventry,
Warwickshire, Manufacturer. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved combination and arrangement in or con-
nected with power hammers, and more particularly refers to such hammers being
carried on trunnion bearings and operated directly by steam, or compressed air,
or other suitable motor force as hereinafter explained and is primarily intended
for ore crushing or other similar purposes but also for general hammerwork.
It consists as follows:-A suitable base is provided upon which is carried the
anvil and also the trunnion bearings. The hammer consists of a rocking shaft
or centre having trunnions working in the bearings aforesaid. From this rocking
shaft extends an arm, at the outer end of which is the hammer head. Thus the
hammer is capable of a rising and falling motion on the anvil. At the rear of
the trunnion rocking shaft, a segmental steam chamber in which a part rotating
piston is made to move in a backward and forward motion. This piston is rigidly
secured to the trunnion shaft, so as to operate the hammer. Suitable steam valves
and passages for steam or compressed air, supply and exhaust, are provided in con-
nection with the cylinder &c, with convenient levers and other necessary parts for
operating the same either by hand or foot, such valves &c being carried upon a rear
extension of the general frame or base aforesaid. A very suitable arrangement
of valves and passages which may be adopted is that shown and described in
specification for letters patent granted to me under number 7354 of 1891. In
order to lessen the shock (upon the piston &c) from the blows of the hammer, I
may provide a top and bottom spring, the one end of each of which is attached
to the hammer arm (or thereabouts) and the other end of the one to a fixture
above, and the opposite end of the other to a fixture below, the hammer, so that
the hammer in both directions of motion puts in tension one of the said springs;
or instead of these springs I may employ a pneumatic cylinder or cylinders.
Dated this 5th day of January 1897.
CHARLES T. POWELL
Applicant's Agent.
Improvements in or connected with Steam and like Power Hammers.
I, EDWARD SAMUEL BRETT, of Meriden Street, Holyhead Road, Coventry,
Warwickshire, Manufacturer. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
CD 77

page_text: in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in power hammers in which a hammer
head is carried at the one end of its helve, the other end of the helve being operated
by a part rotating shaft, which latter is moved by a piston within a cylinder, by
the agency of steam or other suitable fluid means of force and the objects of my,
improvements are, to operate a radial. hammer by means of a part rotating radial
piston within a cylinder in the manner hereinafter explained; to provide a double
sided action by the said hammer, and to provide facilities for the operation of
the valve.
In order to the more.
e.clearly explain the nature of this my invention, I have
appended hereunto an illustrative sheets of drawings, upon which are figures and
numbers of reference, similar numbers referring throughout the several views to
the same thing or part.
Fig 1; is an end elevation of the entire hammer.
Fig 1, is an enlarged end sectional view of the hammer helve, and the lifting
arm on line A-B of Fig 1.
Fig 2, is a plan view of the hammer.
Fig 3, is a vertical section of the hammer on line C-D (Fig 2).
Figs 4 & 5, are enlarged detailed views of the valve operating mechanism..
Fig 6, is a view showing a modified arrangement of fulcruming the hammer
independent of the piston shaft.
Fig 6, is a sectional view on line E-F (Fig 6) showing the arrangement of one
only lifting arm.
I will describe these my improvements as though steam was the force medium
employed, although it will be readily seen that other fluid pressure may be used,
with but small variation in detail of the parts.
7, is the cylinder or pressure chamber, which is secured to a suitable fixed base.
Concentric with this cylinder is the main shaft 8, which is suitably provided for
by stuffing box glands 9, 9, &c as required. Upon this shaft is fixed the piston 10,
which is capable of a backward and forward part rotating motion. 11, is the inlet
valve, which is preferably of the circular type as shown, but which may be sub-
stituted if desired by a flat or other shaped valve. The circular valve however
appears to answer best.
12 and 13, are the communicating ports from the
valve 11, to the pressure chamber 7, one upon either side of the piston. 14, is a g
controlling stop valve through which the steam may be adjustably passed into
and through the valve 11. The automatic working of the valve 11, from the
reciprocating motion of the shaft 8, may be done in various ways, but that shown,
answers the purpose well, and is as follows:-Upon the valve spindle 15 is the
crank arm 16 which is adjustably fixed to suit the position of the valve 11. Upon
the main shaft 8; are secured the cam levers 17 and 17ª, having antifriction
rollers 18 and 19 by which-during the reciprocal half turn movement of the
piston 10 the valve 11, is opened to steam or to exhaust as the case may be.
seen for instance in Fig 3, the port 13, is open to steam by reason of the cam 17.
having in its previous movement pushed the lever 16 and the valve 11 to the left 4
as shown. The piston will now be pushed around to the other side and in so
doing will raise the hammer 20 a half turn so that it will strike upon the anvil 21
(as shown in dotted lines) it having previously struck upon the anvil 22, in a
similar manner. The cam 17 is so placed as to cut off steam from port 13 and
open it to exhaust before the piston reaches the half turn.
effected and controlled in a similar manner.
The return stroke is
As
4
The helve 23, of the hammer may be loosely carried upon the shaft 8, as shewn
in Figs 1 and 2, or it may be pivoted at any suitable point independently of such
shaft, as seen for instance in Fig 6, where the said pivoting
either case I provide lifting arms 25, which are firmly secured to the shaft 8, by 5
clamping bolts 26, or other suitable means. Upon these arms are carried. the
shown at 24. In

page_text: shock absorbing springs 27, so that as the motion from the arms 25 is imparted
to the helve and hammer through such springs, thus preventing the shock from a
dead blow to the shaft 8 &c. The precise arrangement of this shock absorbing
device may be varied somewhat as to the shape or desposition of the springs,
without departure from the general arrangement.
As will be seen from the drawing in Figs 6 and 6, one only of such arms 25,
may be used if desired. One hammer and one anvil only may be used and
necessarily so where the hammer is centred independently of the shaft 8. Any
number of hammers may be simultaneously worked from the same shaft 8.
It will also be seen that if desired when one hammer and one anvil only are
used, that steam may be admitted to one side of piston only so as to raise the
hammer and then allow it to fall-of-its-own-weight-The-construction_and_shape
of the hammer heads 20 and the anvils 21 and 22 will be variously arranged to
suit the work in hand.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what Ę
claim is:
1. The combination in power hammers with the pressure chamber 7, piston 10,
and its valve mechanism, and the part rotating shaft 8, of the lifting arms 25,
with springs 27, and hammer 20, and helve 23, all substantially as set forth and
shown.
2. The combination in power hammers with the hammer 20, and its helve 23,
of the shock absorbing mechanism substantially as herein described and shown.
3. In power hammers operated by part rotating piston shaft such as 8, the
pivoting of such hammers independently of the said shaft substantially as set
forth and shown in reference to Figs 6 and 6^.
4. In power hammers the combination with the valve 11 ports 12 and 13,
spindle 15 and crank arm. 16, of the cams 17 and 17, with shaft 8, substantially
as set forth and shown.
'
5. In power hammers the combination with a part rotating shaft 8, of the
hammer 20, having a double face, with double anvils 21 and 22, substantially as
set forth and shown.
Dated this 5th day of November 1897
CHARLES T. POWELL
Applicant's Agent.