IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Augustin Morel, of Roubaix, in the Department of
the Nord, in the Empire of France, Manufacturer, for the invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIAL."
Sealed the 12th December 1863, and dated the 19th June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Augustin Morel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
June 1863.
I, AUGUSTIN MOREL, of Roubaix, in the Department of the Nord, in the
Empire of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in the application of a clearer to the carrying,
or, as it is sometimes called, the nacteur comb, and are more especially
applicable to the wool combing or heckling machine, for which I obtained
Letters Patent under the Number 1345, and date Sixth of May, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
My proposed clearer is composed of a band of leather or other supple
material fitted on a metallic rod forming one piece with a slide which regulates
the advance of the material and of a pair of rollers, serving to bring to the
feeders the material to be combed. One of these two cylinders or rollers
carries at one of its ends ratchet gearing, in which acts a catch mounted on

page_text: pivot, also fixed to the slide regulating the advance of the material. The
play of these pieces is produced alternately by the slide of which they form
part, so that there results an up-and-down motion of the metallic rod, carrying
the leather clearer, and a rotary movement of the cylinders or rollers co-operating
in the feeding, this rotary motion is alternate and always in the same direction.
When the feeding head retires the catch, serving to give this rotary motion,
recoils on itself and slides on the teeth of the ratchet, whereas during the
contrary motion it remains toothed and gives a movement to the ratchet
wheel which draws with it the pair of cylinders. It will be understood that
the material passing between these cylinders is thus brought alternately
and at the proper moment to the feeders. The band or plate of leather or
other supple material fixed on the metal rod cleans or clears the nacteur comb
only when it lowers, the (said) comb having neared it in its upward movement,
this band rubs against it in descending, whereas in rising it passes at a distance
as the comb has descended. The cleaning or clearing of this comb is important,
as the materials to be combed contain many impurities, and this comb, the
function of which is to retain them, would soon be choked with them and
incapable of working. Cleaning by hand necessitates stoppages; whereas by
these improvements the clearing takes place of itself each time that a portion
of the material to be combed has been traversed by the nacteur comb, and
there is consequently no accumulation of impurities in this comb.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Augustin Morel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTIN
MOREL, of Roubaix, in the Department of the Nord, in the Empire of France,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Пer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Ninteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her reign,
did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Augustin Morel, Her special licence, that I, the said Augustin Morel, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Augustin:
Morel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should, and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and

page_text: vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Augustin Morel; my executors or administrators, by.
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be:
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Augustin Morel, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Sheet of Drawing hereunto annexed, and forming:
part of this my Specification.
My Invention consists in the application of a clearer to the carrying, or,
as it is sometimes termed, the "nacteur" or noil comb, and these improvements.
are more especially applicable to the wool combing or heckling machine, for
which I obtained Letters Patent under the No. 1345, and dated 6th May.
1862.
My clearer is composed of a band of leather or other supple material fitted
on a metal rod forming one piece with a slide serving to regulate the advance
of the material, and of a pair of rollers serving to bring to the feeders the
material to be combed. One of these two cylinders or rollers carries at one
of its ends a ratchet gearing on which acts a catch mounted on a pivot. also
fixed to the slide regulating the advance of the material. The play of these
pieces is produced alternately by the slide with which they form one body, so
that there results an up-and-down motion of the metal rod carrying the
leathern clearer, and a rotary motion of the cylinders or rollers co-operating
in the feeding; this rotary motion is alternate and always in the same direction.
When the feeding head retires the catch serving to give this rotary motion
recoils on itself and slides on the teeth of the ratchet, whereas during the
contrary motion it remains toothed and gives a movement to the ratchet wheel,
which draws with it the pair of cylinders. It will be understood that the
material passing between these cylinders is thus brought alternately and at the
proper moment to the feeders. The band or plate of leather or other supple
material fixed on the metal rod cleans or clears the nacteur or noil comb only
when it lowers, the nacteur comb having neared it in its upward movement,
this band rubs against it in descending, whereas in rising it passes at a distance
because the comb has descended. The clearing or cleaning of this noil or

page_text: nacteur comb. is important, as the materials to be combed often contain many
impurities, and this comb, the function of which is to retain them, would soon
be choked with them and incapable of working. Clearing by hand necessitates
stoppages, whereas by these improvements the clearing takes place of itself
each time that a portion of the material to be combed has been traversed by.
the noil or nacteur comb, and there is consequently no accumulation of
impurities in this comb.
This Invention relates only to the supplementary parts added to the feeder
and indicated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawing by the following letters.
H", H, pair of rollers, or cylinders; Z', catch gearing into them; W¹, metal
rod; V¹, leather cleansing band. All these pieces are attached to the feeder,
and are partially mounted on the slide H' (already shewn in the Drawing
accompanying the Specification of my said Patent, No. 1345, A.D. 1862).
The red lines are drawn in order that the change of position of the feeders, as
well as the different positions occupied by the leather. cleansing band may be
understood. All the letters other than H", Z, W, and V¹, appear on the
Drawing accompanying the Specification of my aforesaid Patent, No. 1345,
A.D. 1862, and are only used here to shew the application of this Invention
to the primitive machine.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the means by
which I carry it into practical effect, I desire it to be understood that I claim
the system herein set forth, as well as the mechanical arrangement by which
it is applied, essentially as described and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said Augustin Morel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
AIN. MOREL. (L.S.)