IMPROVE- MENTS IN GAS STOVES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Josiah Blackham, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GAS STOVES."
Sealed the 24th January 1873, and dated the 14th August 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Josiah Black-
ham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th August 1872.
I, JOSEPH JOSIAH BLACKHAM, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS STOVES," to be as follows:—
My Invention consists of the construction and arrangement herein-
after described of the parts of gas stoves whereby they are made to
possess greater heating power than ordinary gas stoves, and the heat is
utilized to its full extent.
The object of my Invention is principally to convey the heated air and
products of combustion after they have heated the body of the stove to
the floor of the room or apartment to be heated as well as to increase
the heating surface of the stove.

page_text: In constructing a gas stove according to my Invention I make the
body of the stove of a dome shape, the gas burner or gas burners being
situated within the said dome. The said dome shaped body may be
made cither of terra cotta or of iron. Surrounding the said dome
shaped body of the stove is a metal case or cover supported upon feet.
The said dome shaped body communicates at top with horizontal pipes or
flues on either side the axis of the dome, and the said horizontal pipes or
flues open into vertical pipes or flues on either side the dome shaped body
and situated parallel to the sides of the outer case. The said vertical
pipes or flues after descending to near the bottom of the stove pass
horizontally outside the said case on a level with or underneath the floor
of the room or apartment to be heated.
By the combustion of the gas supplied by the burner or burners
within the dome shaped body the said body is heated. From the said
body the heated air and products of combustion pass through the open
top to the horizontal and vertical tubes, or flues external to the said
body, and between the said body and the outer case of the stove, from
whence they pass to the horizontal pipes or flucs on a level with or
underneath the floor of the room or apartment. By the passage of the
heated air and products of combustion through the said pipes or flucs
they are thoroughly heated and radiate their heat into the room or
apartment in addition to the heat radiated from the heated dome shaped
body. By providing the stove with the additional heating surfaces
described, the waste heat is utilized in a very efficient manner, and the
stove possesses greater heating power than gas stoves of the ordinary
kind.
I prefer to line the outer case of the stove with terra cotta. Stoves

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Joseph Josiah Blackhám, Her special
license that I, the said Joseph Josiah Blackham, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Josialı
Blackham, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Ix-
PROVEMENTS IN GAS STOVES," upon the condition-(amongst others) that I,
the said Joseph Josiah Blackham, my exccutors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
...
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Josiah Blackham, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say-
My Invention consists of the construction and arrangement herein-
after described of the parts of gas stoves whereby they are made to
possess greater heating power than ordinary gas stoves, and the heat is
utilized to its full extent.
The object of my Invention is principally to convey the heated air
and products of combustion after they have heated the body of the stovo
to the floor of the room or apartment to be heated as well as to increase
the heating surface of the stove.
'
In constructing a gas stove according to my Invention, I make the
body of the stove of a dome shape, the gas burner or gas-burners being
situated within the said dome. The said dome shaped body may be
made either of terra cotta or of iron. Surrounding the said dome shaped .
body of the stove is a metal case or cover supported upon feet. The
said dome shaped body communicates at top with horizontal pipes
1

page_text: The
or flues on either side the axis of the dome, and the said horizontal
pipes or flues open into vertical pipes or flues on either side the dome
shaped body and situated parallel to the sides of the outer case.
said vertical pipes or flues after descending to near the bottom of the
stove pass horizontally outside the said case on a level with or under-
ucath the floor of the room or apartment to be heated.
By the combustion of the gas supplied by the burner or burners within
the dome shaped body the said body is heated. From the said body the
heated air and products of combustion pass through the open top to the
horizontal and vertical tubes or flucs external to the said body, and
between the said body and the outer casing of the stove, from whence
they pass to the horizontal pipes or flues on a level with or underneath
the floor of the room or apartment. By the passage of the heated air
and products of combustion through the said pipes or flues they are
thoroughly heated and radiate their heat into the room or apartment in
addition to the heat radiated from the heated dome shaped body. A
body of a funnel shape or other shape may be used in place of the dome
shaped body, and the gas burner or, burners may be placed beneath the
body instead of within the body.
.
I prefer to line the outer case of the stove with terra cotta.
Stoves made according to my Invention do not produce an unpleasant
odour.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
'
Figure 1 represents in side elevation; and Figure 2 in vertical section
a gas stove, the parts of which are constructed and arranged according
to my Invention. Figure 3 is an elevation and horizontal section of a
portion of the stove detached. The same letters of referenco indicate the
same parts in each of the Figures of the Drawing.
a is the metal case of the stove supported upon the foot b; c is the
body of the stove made of terra cotta or of iron. The said body c is of a
funnel shape and is open at top and bottom. Beneath (or within) the
said body c of the stove is a circular gas burner d, the combustion of the
gas supplied by the said burner effecting the heating of the stove. The
body c communicates at top by means of the horizontal pipes or flues e
(made in the form of a junction cap or cover) with the vertical pipes or

page_text: flues, on either sido the body c, and parallel to the sides of the outer
casc a. The bottoms of the vertical pipes or flues f, f, terminate in
elbows g, g, the horizontal branches of which pass through openings in
the foot 6 of the case a, and open into the room or apartment in which
the stove is situated. The heated air conveyed by the pipes or flues f, f,
may either enter the room by the the elbows g, g, or other pipes passing
along the floor of the room may be connected to the said elbows and be
heated by the said heated air and radiate their heat into the room. The
body c of the stove, the junction cap or cover e and the vertical pipes or
flues ff, are shown detached from the outer case in Figure 3.
The 'manner in which the heating parts of the stove represented in
Figure 3 are connected together will be readily understood by an
examination of the Drawing, that is to say the upper end of the funnel
shaped body c is fixed in the central tubular part or socket e³ of the
junction cap or cover e, and the upper ends of the vertical tubes or
flues ff, are screwed into the outer tubular parts or sockets e³, e³, of tho
said cap or cover c. The combined parts represented in Figure 3 aro.
fixed in the case a of the store by screws h passed through the said
caso a, and taking into tapped holes in the junction cap or cover e.
-
Instead of employing two vertical pipes or flues f, f, as represented in
the Drawing, more than two of the said pipes or flues may be in com-
munication with the junction cap e.
In the upper part of the case a of the stove is an ordinary water dish i;
by the evaporation of the water in the said dish the air of the room is
5 properly charged with moisture. The stove proper, and the chamber in
which the water dish i is situated, are separated by the horizontal
diaphragm or division k of terra cotta or iron secured in the case a in
the manner represented.
By the combustion of the gas supplied by the circular burner & tho
body.c of the stove is heated. From this body the heated air and
products of combustion pass through the open top thereof and enter the
junction cap or cover e as indicated by the arrows, and from thence pass
down the vertical tubes or flues f, f, external to the said body and escape
by the elbows g, g, into the apartment on a level with the floor of the
5 said apartment. The junction cap or cover e and vertical flues f, f, are
by this means thoroughly heated, and the heat radiated from them as
well as from the heated body cheats the outer case a, and through the

page_text: said case the room or apartment in which the stove is situated. Or the
lower part of the outer case a may be perforated and the heat radiated
directly from the parts c, e, and f into the room. By providing the
stove with the additional heating surfaces described and represented the
waste heat is utilized in a very efficient manner, and the stove possesses
greater beating power than gas stoves of the ordinary kind.
The bottom of the vertical pipes or flues f,f, may pass underneath the
floor of the apartment to be heated instead of conveying the waste heat
into the apartment on a level with the floor of the apartment as repre-
sented in the Drawing, and instead of employing a funnel shaped body
as represented in the Drawing, a dome or other shaped body of terra
cotta or iron may be used.
I do not limit myself to the use of any particular kind of burner with
my improved stove.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated as
they same may be varied without departing from the nature of my Inven-
tion. But I claim as my Invention the improvements in gas stoves
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing,
that is to say, combining with the hollow body of the stove, within or
beneath which the gas burner or gas burners is or are situated, horizontal
and vertical pipes or flues external to and in communication with the
said body for the purpose of increasing the heating surface of the stove,
and utilizing the waste heat of the stove, substantially as described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Josiah Blackham, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Third day of February. in
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
JOSEPH JOSIAH BLACKHAM. (L.S.)