Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 16th Oct., 1897
COMPLETE DIECITIVATION
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
I, HANS TÜRK of Potsdamerstrasse 118c Parterre, Berlin, W., in the German
Empire, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
n and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to improvements in type-writing machines and comprises
devices by means of which the operator is enabled to write a whole page without
moving his hands from the key-board, that is to say the return of the paper to
the line starting point and the spacing between the lines are simultaneously
effected by acting upon a special key.
The new action is produced according to these improvements in the following
is moved
paper
manner:-By the motion of the key levers during writing, the
as usual and a spring connected with it is strained until the end of the line is
reached when the depression of a special spring releases the spring which then
restores the paper to the line starting point, the spacing between the lines being
simultaneously effected. The practical use of the new devices is illustrated by
the accompanying drawings which represent parts of a machine, and in which :-
Figure 1 represents a cross section through the type-writing machine
Figure 2, a front view of the principal parts
Figure 3, the key and its accessories for spacing between the lines and effecting
the return of the paper
Figures 4, 5 and 6, details.
As represented by the drawings, the paper cylinder a, which is shewn in
longitudinal and cross sections respectively by Figures 5 and 6, consists of a
shell made of vulcanite or other suitable material, closed at the ends by the
discs b b₁, which can rotate on the shaft c formed with square ends mounted in
the frame d surrounding the cylinder in a horizontal direction. This frame is
carried between rollers e e, mounted on the brackets e, fixed upon the middle frame f,
which, when the machine is being worked, rests upon the bottom frame g. The
middle frame is pivoted at s to the lower frame g, to enable the carriage to be
turned up vertically to enable the operator to examine his work and for other
purposes. A projection 9, prevents the carriage being overturned. The arrange-
ment of the keys and key-levers may be on any approved system. That which is
indicated by the drawings is the Remington arrangement.
After any of the keys has been depressed for the production of a letter or space,
and whilst the key is on its return stroke, the cylinder a moves through a unit
of its circumference around the shaft c, this unit being exactly equal to the
distance between two contiguous letters in the writing. At the end of the line,
the key z is depressed and this action returns the cylinder to its original starting
position and at the same time displaces the cylinder longitudinally to a distance
equal to the distance between the centres of two lines of writing.
The devices
for obtaining these results form the more important features of this invention.
A cross bar is arranged below the key-levers t₁ so as to be moved downwards
when any of the keys t is depressed. A light rod 1, connected with the bar k
thereupon moves the double armed lever m upon its fulcrum m, fixed upon the lower

page_text: Mg
which
frame g. The lower member of this lever is fitted with a friction roller
is in contact with the lower arm of the lever n, pivoted at n₁ upon a bracket o
on the frame f. The motion of the bark is thus translated to a pawl ng fitted
upon the upper arm of the lever n and engaging with the teeth of the ratchet
wheel p, so that when a key is depressed the pawl slides over one tooth, a click
or detent preventing the movement of the wheel in the same direction. On the
return stroke of the key, the wheel 7 is rotated through the space of one tooth
by the spring ng pulling on the lower member of the lever n. The ratchet wheel p
is mounted so as to rotate freely upon the sleeve 9 (see sectional Figure 4), so
that its lateral displacement is prevented. This sleeve is mounted upon the square
shaft, which is journalled at its ends in the frame d, Figure 2. The shaft r
is thus enabled to rotate with the sleeve q and to move freely in a longitudinal
direction through it, independently of the movement of the ratchet wheel p.
There is mounted upon the shaft r, a dog-tooth or other clutch u, capable of engaging
with and of being. disengaged from the ratchet wheel p, whereby the motion of
the ratchet wheel can be transmitted to the square shaft r when the clutch is in
engagement. This shaft has fixed upon it a pinion n, gearing with teeth formed
upon the part b₁ of the cylinder. The motion of the bar k is thus ultimately
communicated to the paper cylinder p.
The return of the paper cylinder to its precise starting position is secured at
the commencement of each line of writing by means of arms to to which are fixed
at suitable intervals upon the shaft c, within the cylinder as shewn by Figures 5
and 6, in combination with the longitudinal rib a. The ends of the arms where
they touch the rib may be faced with felt or rubber. When, the type writer (or
operator) is working, the rotation of the cylinder moves the rib step by step away
from the arms w. By this rotation of the cylinder a helical spring y, enclosed
within a casing part of which is shewn as being broken away in Figure 1, becomes
gradually wound up, thus accumulating power which is utilised for producing
the line spacing movement as hereinafter described, on the motion of the key z.
As shewn by Figure 3, the key-lever z is connected by a light rod with the
bell-crank lever, which oscillates upon the shaft m in a vertical plane at
right angles with the axis of the cylinder p. The arm a₁ of this lever has the
form of a sector of a disc one side of which is inclined relatively to the plane of
its motion. In contact with the inclined part of x, there is a friction wheel 2
on the lower end of the lever 1 which engages at 33 with the before mentioned
clutch u.
Hence the motion of the key z can actuate that clutch in such a manner
that when the key is depressed the clutch is disengaged, whereupon the spring y,
being released, rotates the cylinder back to its starting position, the clutch and
sleeve rotating also, but the ratchet wheel remaining stationary. It will be seen
that it is the release of the ratchet wheel which effects the release of the spring y, 4
and that the cylinder rotates backwards until stopped by the contact of its rib a₁
with the arms to eat the starting position. Immediately upon the release of the
key z, the lever 1, kept in a strained position by the spring 4, restores the clutch
to engagement with the ratchet wheel p, so that the paper cylinder is once more
obliged to participate in the rotary motion of the wheel.
The longitudinal motion of the cylinder a, which takes place simultaneously
with its backward rotation may be effected in any known manner, as for example
by means of the devices employed for the same purpose in the Remington machine
as hereinafter described.
4
The carriage (and shaft r,), during its motion at any time, towards the left, 6
strains a spring with which the carriage is connected by the wire or cord 6. The
carriage is held in position by means of the double dogs 7, carried on the frame d,
and engaging with the teeth of a rack 8 which is carried by arms 10, fixed upon a
shaft 9 mounted in the lower frame g. A lever 11, fixed upon the same shaft 9,
between the arms 10, is attached by a light connecting rod with the key-lever 2.5
Thus, when the key zis actuated, or the rack 8 is otherwise moved laterally, the
carriage will be moved to the right through a distance equal to the pitch of the

page_text: rack which should correspond with the space between the centres of the nearest
lines of the writing.
If wider spaces between the lines are desired, it is necessary only to depress the
key z two or more times. If it be desired to move the carriage backward and
forward to read the writing or to replace the paper on the cylinder, the thumb
lever 5, Figure 2, may be moved into a vertical position. The end of this lever
then comes into contact with and depresses an arm of the lever 1, thereby dis-
engaging the clutch u, whereupon the cylinder may be turned in any direction
freely. An index finger and scale 12 may be arranged in connection with the
end of the cylinder, to facilitate the return of the cylinder to the writing
position after it may have been moved for correction of the writing. A signal
gong may be arranged upon the frame and a projection upon the carriage to
actuate it.
The paper may be secured upon the cylinder by means of the rings hh, which
can be rotated the one within the other. The inner ring as shewn however is
fixed and furnished with the grips ₂ and pin i passing through an inclined
slot i, in the outer ring. The paper having been arranged on the cylinder below
the grips, the rings h₁ are turned, when the pin and slot in each inner ring
compel the outer rings to advance towards the centre of the cylinder and close the
grips upon the paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a type-writing machine, the hereinbefore described devices and appliances
for the automatic return of the paper cylinder to the line starting point upon the
depression of a special key at the end of each line of writing, constructed
arranged and operating substantially as set forth with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
2. In a type-writing machine, the combination and arrangement with the paper
cylinder rotating on a fixed spindle, of arms within the cylinder fixed upon its
spindle, a longitudinal rib in contact with the arms at the commencement of a
line, a spring which is wound up by the step by step rotation of the cylinder in
writing, and a key for releasing the spring at the end of the line whereupon the
cylinder is returned by the spring to the starting point; substantially as herein-
before described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
3. In a type writing machine, a helical spring y in an externally toothed
casing by, a pinion engaging with the teeth of the casing and mounted upon a
square shaft r, a sleeve q mounted on the square shaft, a ratchet wheel mounted
upon the sleeve, a clutch u mounted on the square shaft and engaging with the
sleeve, a lever 1 operating the clutch and an inclined sector operating the
clutch lever and operated by the key z, constructed and arranged substantially
as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the accom-
panying drawings.
4. In a type-writing machine, the combination and arrangement with the
devices and appliances set out in the last preceding claim, of a spring, dogs, and
rack or the like operated by the key z for the purpose of effecting the longitudinal
movement of the cylinder in spacing between lines of writing, constructed and
arranged substantially as herein before described with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
11
1
Dated this Seventh day of September A.D. 1897.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.