IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC STRIKING ATTACHMENTS FOR PAPER- BULING MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Garrett Tongue, of the Firm of Tongue and
Birkbeck, Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC STRIKING ATTACHMENTS FOR PAPER-
BULING MACHINES."-A communication from abroad by Maltby Kingston
Pelletreau and Ellicott David Averell, both of the City, County, and
State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 20th November 1866, and dated the 7th June 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Garrett Tongue at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th June 1866.
I, JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent
Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC STRIKING ATTACHMENTS FOR PAPER-RULING
M:CHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to novel arrangements of electro-magnetic striking
attachments to paper-ruling machines, whereby the pens may be made to

page_text: strike the paper on a "head line" or "head lines" at any distance from the
head of the page or sheet of paper for the purpose of ruling "down lines" of
any desired length, and when desired to strike and rise from the page or sheet
at any number of points in its length at different distances from the head and
tail of the sheet for the purpose of ruling "down lines of corresponding or
various lengths by suitable adjustments without the removal or changing of
any parts of the striking attachment, the rising of the pens as well as the
striking movement being controlled by the action of the paper upon a circuit
break which closes and opens the electric circuit in which is placed an
electro-magnet by the attraction and the cessation of the attraction of which
the pens are caused or permitted to strike and rise.
As the paper-ruling machine to which these improvements are applicable,
with the exception of the striking attachment, is well known, it will not be
described further than is necessary to render the application of the striking
attachment intelligible. Rollers are mounted at the front end of the framing
of the machine, one for carrying an endless travelling cloth or apron upon
which the ruling is performed, and the other being a pressure roller applied
above to produce the necessary tension on the cloth. There are other small
rollers for supporting the parts of the cloth upon which the ruling operation
is performed. A feed board is mounted in front from which the sheets of
paper are fed between the feed rollers on to the endless travelling cloth. A
rocking pen bar carrying the pens is mounted on axes above the endless
cloth together with an ink fountain for supplying the pens with ink.
All of the above-described parts are or may be constructed and arranged in
the usual manner. A lever is secured to the rock shaft of the pen bar,
having attached to its rear end an armature of an electro-magnet which is
firmly secured upon one side of the framing and having its other end con-
nected with the framing by means of a spring which exerts a constant ten-
dency to raise the armature and to pull the pen bar in a direction to raise the
points of the pens; this spring, is however not strong enough to overcome the
attraction of the magnet upon the armature when the electric circuit through
the magnet is closed, such attraction being sufficient to overcome the force of
the spring and also to draw down the pens upon the paper carried by the
endless cloth. There are two upright metal posts standing upon one side of
the framing; these posts, if the framing is not of wood or other material
which is not a non-conductor of electricity, must be insulated from the said
framing in a suitable manner. Horizontal arms of iron are inserted through
suitable holes in the posts and secured therein by set screws, upright rods of
iron or other metal being inserted through holes in 'the said horizontal bars

page_text: and secured therein by set screws. These rods are fitted at their lower ends
with metal foot pieces which carry grooved rollers of ebony, ivory, or other
hard non-conducting material, there being one foot piece and one roller
attached to each of the said rods. The foot pieces are secured firmly to the
rods, but are adjustable forward or backward by means of set screws in front
and behind. The rollers rest upon the endless travelling cloth or upon the
sheets of paper carried along by and upon it to be ruled in such manner
that they will be caused to rotate by the friction of the cloth or paper passing
under them.
To the front foot piece there is attached by a fulcrum pin a small lever of
the first order which vibrates in the direction of the movement of the cloth
and paper; this lever is insulated from the foot piece by a sleeve of ivory
or other insulating material, and is made to serve as a circuit break by the
insertion of a piece of ivory, ebony, or other non-conducting material into a
recess in the front side of its hub, the said piece being so arranged that the
vibration of the lever brings it into or out of contact with the point of a light
spring which is so attached to the foot piece as always to press lightly on the
hub of the lever. The lower arm of the said lever has attached to it a light
finger which works within the groove of the roller, and the extremity of which
is capable of coming in contact with the cloth or the paper upon it. A stop
pin of insulating material is secured in the footpiece behind the upper arm of
the lever. The upper arm of the said lever is connected by a light metal rod
with a small lever of the second order which is suspended by a fulcrum.pin
from the other foot piece; this lever has attached to it a finger which operates
within the groove of the roller in the same manner as the finger operates
within the groove of the first-named roller. The fulcrum pin is not insulated:
from the footpiece as the said pin forms part of the electric circuit, which will
presently be explained.
One pole of the galvanic battery is connected by a wire with one pole of
the electro-magnet, the other polo of which is connected by a wire with one
of the metal posts, before referred to, and the other pole of the battery is
connected by a wire with the other metal post. When the lever and finger
attached to the foot piece is in such a position that the spring bears upon its
hub above the non-conducting piece of the break the electric circuit is formed
through the post, horizontal arm, vertical rod, footpiece, spring finger lever
connecting rod to the other finger lever with its fulcrum pin, footpiece, rod,
arm and post, causing the magnet to attract the armature and so draw down
the pens into an operative position; but when the lever is moved to a position
to bring the non-conducting piece in contact with the point of the spring, the

page_text: circuit is broken, and the magnet then exercising no attractive influence upon
the armature the spring connected with it raises the pens to an inoperative
position, in which position they remain while the machine is in motion,
except while those portions of the sheets of the paper upon which down lines
are to be ruled are passing under the pens.
+
When the machine is in operation the sheets of paper are fed in upon the
cloth between the feed rollers in the usual manner with the head and tail of
each sheet so arranged that the head enters first. As the head or top edgo
of the paper strikes the finger connected with the first footpiece and pushes it
back by the continued movement of the sheet with the endless cloth until the
finger comes in contact with the hub of the roller, the break piece on the
lever is thereby moved out of contact with the spring and the metallic portion.
of the said lever brought into contact with the said spring, and so made to
close the circuit; the magnet then attracts its armature and causes the
pens to strike the sheet and commence ruling the down lines thereon, and the
ruling is continued until the head or top edge of the paper strikes the finger
and pushes it forward so far that the lever acting by means of its connecting
rod upon the lever of the other foot piece moves the latter lever to a position to
bring, the break piece into contact with the spring and the said lever into
contact with a stop pin, when the circuit being opened the spring of the
armature raises the pens from the paper. The pens continue thus raised
until the head of the next sheet strikes the finger, and the further continued
movement of the sheet produces the closing of the circuit, and so causes the
magnet to bring the pens down again to strike that sheet, as before described.
The distance from the head or upper edge at which the pens are made to
strike the sheet is regulated by the distance at which the first foot piece is
set from the line of the points of the pens. The principal adjustment of each
foot piece is obtained by turning its post or support on its axis, but a more
delicate adjustment to make the pens strike exactly on the transverse bead
line on the sheet is effected by means of set screws which adjust the foot piece
forward or back toward or from the pens. The length of the down lines is
regulated by the distance at which one foot piece is set from the other foot
piece. A further adjustment for the exact length of the down lines is provided
for by an adjustable connecting swivel nut to the connecting rod which is
made in two pieces to permit the adjustment of the finger levers and their
fingers relatively to each other.
In order to insure the proper operation of the fingers by the edge of the
paper, two of the supporting rollers which are adjustable backward and
forward on the framing of the machine are set one just in front of each of the

page_text: grooved rollers, and the rollers and the fingers are so adjusted by sliding the
upright rods in their horizontal arms as to produce a depression of the endless
cloth in rear of the said rollers; this causes the head or striking edge of the
sheet to be elevated above the endless cloth and above the points of the
fingers so that the said edge of the sheet will first strike the said roller and
be thereby conducted to the fingers, and be so well supported that it will not
fail to have the necessary stiffness to move the fingers.
When one set of down lines only is to be ruled upon each sheet of paper
the single circuit breaking apparatus is all that is necessary for a machine,
but the pens may be made to strike upon and rise from each sheet of paper
several times to rule two or more series of down lines from a corresponding
number of head lines, or between a corresponding number of head and foot
lines by providing the ruling machine with a corresponding number of circuit
breaking apparatus consisting of upright posts or supports, arms, rods, foot
pieces, and circuit breaks similar to the parts previously described, and all
.connected with the same galvanic battery and electro-magnet, and applied to
the machine for the purpose of effecting the ruling of a second series of down
lines as required.
When a larger number of circuit breaking apparatus are employed for the
ruling a corresponding number of series of down lines the horizontal arms are
connected from one apparatus to the next one by conducting wires arranged
in a suitable manner.
A more simple arrangement of the striking attachment apparatus may be
employed when only required to rule one set of down lines from one head
line on each sheet of paper. For this purpose the two feed rollers, the
endless cloth, the supporting rollers, and the pen bar are all arranged and
operate in like manner to the corresponding parts in the arrangement pre-
viously described. The electro-magnet, instead of being arranged under tho
rear end of the lever, is arranged under the front end, and the armature..is
attached to the corresponding end of the said lever; so that when the circuit
through the magnet is closed, and the armature subject to the attraction of
the magnet, the pens are lifted up. A spring is attached to the rear end of
the lever to raise the armature and draw down the pens when the circuit
through the magnet is open, the action of the magnet and spring upon tho
pen bar being the reverse of that herein before described. A stationary strip
of thin sheet metal rests on the top of the endless feed cloth, the said strip
passing between the feed rollers and the front end which extends over tho
front of the bottom roller, being secured by any suitable means and attached
by a wire to one pole of the galvanic battery or other generator of the magnetic

page_text: current; the said strip of metal is extended rearward a considerable distance
beyond the points of the pens. The cloth passes freely under the said strip
without disturbing it. The other pole of the battery is connected by a wire
with one pole of the magnet, the other pole of which is connected by a wire
with a metal post or upright secured upon the framing of the ruling machine;
through this pole there is inserted a horizontal arm extending laterally across
the endless feed cloth as far as the strip, and secured in the post by a set
screw. Through the end of the arm which is situated over the strip there is
inserted a metal rod, at the rear extremity of which is a roller which when
there is paper passing under it bears thereon and holds it down upon the
strip of metal. To the same end of the rod there is attached an elastic metal
finger which is so adjusted by a set screw that it always bears upon the metal
strip when there is no paper passing under it.
When the machine is in operation the sheets of paper are fed in upon the
endless feed cloth between the rollers and over the metal strip with the head
and tail of the sheet so arranged that the bead enters first. When no paper
is passing between the metal strip and the point of the finger the circuit is
.closed through the said strip and metal finger, and the magnet holds the
pens up from the paper; but when the head or upper edge of the paper
passes under the point of the finger and so breaks the circuit between it and
the strip the spring brings down the pens upon the paper and the ruling com-
mences and is continued as the paper moves along under the pens down to
the tail of the sheet, the pens passing from the tail of the sheet out to the
surface of the cloth and afterwards continuing on the cloth until the tail passes
the finger and allows it to close the circuit through the metal strip, when the
pens are raised again. The pens remain raised up until the head of the next
sheet passes under the finger, and the circuit is again broken when the ruling
commences again. The point of the finger must be set just as far behind
the points of the pens as the head line of the paper is from the upper edge.
Provision for an approximate adjustment of the finger to this distance is
afforded by turning the upright post or support upon its axis, but a more
delicate and exact adjustment is provided for by a screw thread on the rear
part of the rod and a nut thereon, the said nut being capable of turning freely
but not of moving longitudinally within a slot in the end of the arm, and the
adjustment being made by turning the said nut and so producing a longi-
tudinal movement of the rod.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent, filed
by the said John Garrett Tongue in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th December 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent Agents
and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County.
of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Garrett Tongue, Her special licence that I, the said John
Garrett Tongue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC STRIKING ATTACHMENTS FOR PAPER-RULING.
MACHINES," a communication to me from abroad by Maltby Kingston
Pelletreau and Ellicott David Averell, both of the City, County, and State of
New York, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others).
that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to novel arrangements of electro-magnetic striking
arrangements to paper-ruling machines, whereby the pens may be made to
strike the paper on a "head line" or "head lines" at any distance from the
head of the page or sheet of paper for the purpose of ruling "down lines" of
any desired length, and when desired to strike and rise from the page or sheet
at any number of points in its length at different distances from the head and
.

page_text: various lengths by suitable adjustments without the removal or changing of
any parts of the striking attachment, the rising of the pens as well as the
striking movement being controlled by the action of the paper upon a circuit
break, which closes and opens the electric circuit in which is placed an electro-
magnet by the attraction and the cessation of the attraction of which the pens
are caused or permitted to strike and rise..
And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into practice, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawing illustrates the application of one
form.of electro-magnetic striking attachment to a paper-ruling machine, which
with the exception of the striking attachment is of well-known construction.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the machine; Figure 2 is a
plan of the same with the inking apparatus and the part of the machine
above removed, for the purpose of better showing the striking attachment;
Figure 3 is an elevation of the circuit breaking apparatus on a larger scale
than Figures 1 and 2, showing the opposite side to that shown in Figure 1;
Figure 4 is an opposite side view of a portion of what is shown in Figure 3 ;
Figure 5 is a front view corresponding with Figure 4. Similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures.
As the paper-ruling machine to which these improvements are applicable,
with the exception of the striking attachment; is well known, it will not be
described further than is necessary to render the application of the striking
attachment intelligible.
A is one of the large rollers mounted at the front end of the framing of the
machine; I is for carrying the endless travelling cloth or apron B, upon which
the ruling is performed; and A¹ is the pressure roller applied above the said
toller A to produce the necessary tension on the cloth; D, D, are other small
rollers for supporting the parts of the cloth upon which the ruling operation
is performed; I' is the feed board mounted in front, from which the sheets of
paper represented of blue color in Figures 2 and 3 are fed between the feed
rollers A, A¹, on to the endless travelling cloth B, which travels in the direction
of the arrows shown near it in Figures 1 and 2; E is the rocking pen bar
(carrying the pens a, a,) mounted on axes above the endless cloth; 1' is the
ink fountain for supplying the pens a, a, with ink. All of the above-described
parts are or may be constructed and arranged in the usual manner. F is a

page_text: lever secured to the rock shaft 6 of the pen bar E, having attached to its rear
end the armature G of the electro-magnet H, which is firmly secured upon
one side of the framing I, and having its other end connected with the framing
by means of a spring J, which exerts a constant tendency to raise the arma-
ture G, and to pull the pen bar E in a direction to raise the points of the
pens. This spring is, however, not strong enough to overcome the attraction
of the magnet upon the armature when the electric circuit through the magnet
is closed, such attraction being sufficient to overcome the force of the spring
and also to draw down the pens upon the paper carried by the endless cloth B.
L, L', are two upright metal posts standing upon one side of the framing I;
these posts, if the framing is not of wood or other material which is not a
non-conductor of electricity, must be insulated from the said framing in a
suitable manner; M, M', are two horizontal arms of iron inserted through
suitable holes in the posts L, L', and secured therein by set screws; N, N',
are upright rods of iron or other metal inserted through holes in the hori
zontal bars M, M', and secured therein by set screws d, d. These rods are
fitted at their lower ends with metal foot pieces P, P¹, which carry grooved
rollers Q, Q, of ebony, ivory, or other bard non-conducting material, there
being one foot piece and one roller attached to each of the said rods N, N¹.
The foot pieces are secured firmly to the rods N, N', but are adjustable for-
ward or backward by means of set screws 9, 9, in front and behind. The
rollers Q, Q, rest upon the endless travelling cloth B, or upon the sheets of
paper carried along by and upon it to be ruled in such manner that they
will be caused to rotate by the friction of the cloth or paper passing under
them. The paper is represented in Figures 1 and 3 by a single blue line, and
in Figure 2 in blue outline. To the front foot piece P there is attached by
a fulcrum pin h a small lever R, Figure 3, of the first order, which vibrates
in the direction of the movement of the cloth B and paper. This lever is
insulated from the foot piece P by a sleeve of ivory or other insulating.
material, and is made to serve as a circuit break by the insertion of a piece of
ivory, ebony, or other non-conducting material n into a recess in the front side
of its hub, the said piece n being so arranged that the vibration of the lever R
brings it into or out of contact with the point of a light spring (Figures 3
and 5), which is so attached to the foot piece as always to press lightly on the
hub of the lever. The lower arm of the said lever bas attached to it a light
finger i, which works within the groove of the roller Q, and the extremity of
which is capable of coming in contact with the cloth or the paper upon it.
A stop pins (Figure 3) of insulating material is secured in the foot piece P
behind the upper arm of the lever R. The upper arm of the said lever is

page_text: connected by a light metal rod j with a small lever R¹ (Figure 5) of the
second order, which is suspended by a fulcrum pin h' from the other foot
piece P¹. This lever has attached to it a finger i, which operates within the
groove of the roller Q', in the same manner as the finger i operates within the
groove of the roller Q. The fulcrum pin h¹ is not insulated from the foot-
piece P', as the said pin forms part of the electric circuit, which will presently
be explained One pole of the galvanic battery is connected, as shown in
Figure 2, by a wire p with one pole of the electro-magnet H, the other pole of
which is connected by a wire q with the metal post L, and the other pole of the
battery being connected by a wire r with the metal post L. When the lever and
finger attached to the foot piece R is in such a position that the spring / bears
upon its hub above the non-conducting piece n of the break the electric circuit
is formed through the post L, horizontal arm M, vertical rod N, foot piece P,
spring, lever R, connecting rod j, lever R', fulcrum pin h', foot piece P¹,
rod N', arm M', and post L', and the magnet attracts the armature G, and so
draws down the pens a, a, into an operative position; but when the lever is
moved to a position to bring the non-conducting piece n in contact with the
point of the spring 7 the circuit is broken at n, and the magnet then exer-
cising no attractive influence upon the armature, the spring J connected with
it raises the pens to an inoperative position, as shown in Figure 1, in which
position they remain while the machine is in motion, except while those por-
tions of the sheets of the paper upon which down lines are to be ruled are
passing under the pens.
-
When the machine is in operation the sheets of paper are fed in upon the
cloth B between the feed rollers A, A', in the usual manner with the head and
tail of each sheet so arranged that the head enters first. As the head or top
edge of the paper strikes the finger i connected with the foot piece, as shown
in Figures 1 and 3, and pushes it back by the continued movement of the
sheet with the endless cloth B until the finger comes in contact with the hub
of the roller Q. The brake piece n on the lever R is thereby moved out of
contact with the spring 1, and the metallic portion of the said lever brought
into contact with the said spring, and so made to close the circuit; the
magnet then attracts the armature G, and causes the pens to strike the sheet
and commence ruling the down lines thereon, and the ruling is continued
until the head or top edge of the paper strikes the finger , and pushes it
forward so far that the lever R' acting by means of the connecting rod i upou
the lever R of the other foot piece moves the latter lever to a position to
bring the break piece n into contact with the spring 1, and the said lever into
contact with the stop pin s, when the circuit being opened the spring J of the

page_text: armature raises the pens from the paper. The pens continue thus raised
until the head of the next sheet strikes the finger i, and the further continued
movement of the sheet produces the closing of the circuit, and so causes the
magnet to bring the pens down again to strike that sheet as before described.
The distance from the head or upper edge at which the pens are made to
strike the sheet is 'regulated by the distance at which the foot piece P is set
from the line of the points of the pens. The principal adjustment of the foot
piece is obtained by turning the post or support L on its axis, but a more
delicate adjustment to make the pens strike exactly on the transverse head
linet (represented in red color on the sheet in Figure 2) is effected by means
of the set screws g, g, which adjust the foot piece forward or back toward or
from the pens. The length of the down lines u, u, shown in red color in
Figure 2 is regulated by the distance at which the foot piece P¹ is set from
the other foot piece P. The principal adjustment of the foot piece P¹ is by
turning the post L' on its axis, but more delicate adjustments for the exact
length of the down lines are made by the set screws 9, 9, applied to the said
foot piece. A further adjustment for the exact length of the down lines is
provided for by an adjustable connecting swivel nut v to the connecting rod j,
which is made in two pieces to permit the adjustment of the finger levers R, R',
and their fingers i, i, relatively to each other. These adjustments may be
made so delicate that the pens may rise from the paper exactly at the tail or
lower edge of the paper so as to complete the ruling thereto without the
pens running on to and inking the cloth B. In order to insure the proper
operation of the fingers i, i, by the edge of the paper two of the supporting
rollers which are adjustable backward and forward on the framing of the machine
are set ono just in front of each of the grooved rollers Q, Q', and the rollers
and the fingers i, i, are so adjusted by sliding the upright rods N, N', in their
horizontal arms M, M', as to produce a depression of the endless cloth B in
rear of the said rollers D, D, as best shown in Figure 3. This causes the
head or striking edge of the sheet to be elevated above the endless cloth B,
and above the points of the fingers i, i, as shown in Figure 3, so that the
said edge of the sheet will first strike the said roller, and be thereby conducted
to the fingers, and be so well supported that it will not fail to have the neces
sary stiffness to move the fingers. When one set of down lines only is to be
ruled upon each sheet of paper the single circuit breaking apparatus is all
that is necessary for a machine, but the pens may be made to strike upon and
rise from each sheet of paper several times to rule two or more series of down
lines from a corresponding number of head lines or between a corresponding
number of head and foot lines by providing the ruling machine with a corres.

page_text: ponding number of circuit breaking apparatus, consisting of upright posts or
supports, arms, rods, footpie ces, and circuit breaks similar to the posts L, L',
arms M, M', rods N, N¹, foot pieces P, P', and their circuit breaks, all
connected with the same galvanic battery and electro-magnet. This is illus-
trated in Figures 1 and 2, where a second set of posts L, L'*, arms M*, M¹*,
and rods N, N*, and foot pieces P*, P₁, is represented applied to the machine
for the purpose of effecting the ruling of a second series of down lines, as
indicated at u, u, shown on one of the sheets of paper represented in blue
outline on the cloth B from a second head line t. The arm M is connected for
this purpose, as shown in Figure 2, with the arm M* by a conducting wire q*,
and the arm M¹ is connected with the arm M¹* by a conducting wire *. The
arm M', rod N¹, foot piece P¹, and the finger lever R' attached to the latter foot
piece are so adjusted that the circuit is broken by the action of the edge of the
paper upon the finger i just as the pens in ruling the down lines u, u, arrive
at the foot line t¹, and the pens are then raised from the paper, and the posts
L*, L₁*, arms M*, M₁, rods N*, N¹*, and their appurtenances are so adjusted
that just as the second head line (* arrives under the pens the head of the sheet
will strike the finger of the circuit break attached to the foot piece P* of the
rod N*, and so brings the said break to a position to form a metallic connec-
tion between the arms M, M¹* through the rod j*, which connects the
circuit break attached to the foot piece P* of the rod N⚫ with the lever just.
like R attached to the foot piece P₁* of the rod N¹, the head of the sheet on
shifting the latter circuit break will produce the closing of the circuit from g
through the wire q*, rod j*, and wire r*, and the magnet will then cause the
pens to strike the sheet and commence the ruling of the down lines u, u*;
this ruling will be continued to the bottom of the sheet, when the head of the
paper will strike the finger of the lever like R' attached to the foot piece P1*,
and cause the circuit to be broken; the circuit then remains broken until
the head of the next sheet strikes the finger i, and closes it to commence the
ruling of the next sheet. When a larger number of circuit breaking appa-
ratus are employed for the ruling of a corresponding number of series of down
lines the horizontal arms are connected from one apparatus to the next
one by conducting wires arranged in a similar manner to q* and *.
Figures 6 and 7 exhibit a modification of the Invention which renders it
more simple when only required to rule one set of down lines from one head
line on each sheet of paper. Figure 6 shows a vertical section of a sufficient
portion of the ruling machine to illustrate this modification, and Figure 7 is a
plau corresponding with Figure 6. Similar letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts in both of these Figures.

page_text: A, A', are the two large feed rollers; B, the endless cloth; D, D, the
small supporting rollers; and E, the pen bar, all arranged and operating in.
like manner to the corresponding parts indicated by corresponding letters in
the arrangement herein-before described. The electro-magnet II, instead of
being arranged under the rear end of the lever F, is arranged under the front
end, and the armature G is attached to the corresponding end of the said
lever, so that when the circuit through the magnet is closed and the armature
subject to the attraction of the magnet, the pens a, a, are lifted up. A
spring J is attached to the rear end of the lever to raise the armature and
draw down the pens when the circuit through the magnet is open, the action
of the magnet and spring upon the pen bar being the reverse of that herein-
before described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the Drawing.
s is a stationary strip of thin sheet metal lying on the top of the endless feed
cloth B, the said strip passing between the feed rollers A, A', and the front
end which extends over the front of the bottom roller A being secured by any
suitable means and attached by a wire q to one pole of the galvanic battery or
other generator of the magnetic current. The said strip of metal S, represented
in black outline in Figure 7, and by a single blue line in Figure 6, is extended
rearward a considerable distance beyond the points of the pens a, a. The
cloth passes freely under the said strip without disturbing it. The other pole
of the battery is connected by a wire p with one pole of the magnet, the other
pole of which is connected by a wire r with a metal post or upright L secured
upon the framing I of the ruling machine. Through this pole L there is
inserted a horizontal arm M extending laterally across the endless feed
cloth B, as far as the strip S, and secured in the post by a set screw e..
Through the end of the arm M which is situated over the strip S there is
inserted a metal rod N, at the rear extremity of which is a roller P, which
when there is paper passing under it bears thereon and holds it down upon
the strip of metal S. To the same end of the rod N there is attached an
elastic metal finger, which is so adjusted by a set screw that it always bears
upon the metal strip when there is no paper passing under it.
. I
When the machine is in operation the sheets of paper are fed in upon the
endless feed cloth B between the rollers A, A', and over the metal strip S,
with the head and tail of the sheet so arranged that the head enters first.
When no paper is passing between the metal strip S and the point of the
finger i the circuit is closed through the said strip and metal finger, and the
magnet holds the pens up from the paper, but when the head or upper edge
of the paper passes under the point of the finger i and so breaks the circuit
between it and the strip S the spring J brings down the pens upon the

page_text: paper, and the ruling commences and is continued as the paper moves along
under the pens down to the tail of the sheet, the pens passing from the tail of
the sheet out to the surface of the cloth B, and afterwards continuing on the
cloth until the tail passes the finger i and allows it to close the circuit through
the metal strip S, when the pens are raised again. The pens remain raised
up until the head of the next sheet passes under the finger i, and the circuit
is again broken when the ruling commences again. The point of the finger
must be set just as far behind the points of the pens as the head line of the
paper is from the upper edge. Provision for an approximate adjustment of
the finger to this distance is afforded by turning the upright post L or support
upon its axis, but a more delicate and exact adjustment is provided for by a
screw thread on the rear part of the rod N, and a nut j on the said screw
thread, the said nut being capable of turning freely but not of moving longi-
tudinally within a slot in the end of the arm N, and the adjustment being
made by turning the said nut, and so producing a longitudinal movement of
the rod N.
Having thus fully described the nature of these improvements in electro-
striking attachments for paper-ruling machines, and the manner in which the
same is carried into practice, it should be clearly understood the form,
construction, and arrangement of the parts may be considerably varied without
departing from the true character of the Invention, which consists,―
Firstly, in controlling both the striking movement and the rising movement
of the pens of an electro-magnetic striking attachment to ruling machines by
the action of the paper upon a circuit break, substantially as berein described
with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the Drawing.
Secondly, in the arrangement of the circuit break consisting of a metallic
lever and finger with a piece n of non-conducting material in the hub of the
lever, and a spring or its equivalent, the whole applied and operating
substantially as herein specified, with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, in
combination with a galvanic battery or other generator of an electric circuit
and a ruling machine.
Thirdly, in the arrangement of the lever R' and finger i applied in con-
nection with the lever R and finger i, substantially as and for the purpose
herein described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Fourthly, in the arrangement of the rollers Q, Q', applied in connection
with the levers R, R', and fingers i, 1, and adjustable relatively to the
cloth B and rollers D, D, substantially as and for the purpose herein described
with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Fifthly, in the arrangement and combination of the posts L, L*, (adjustable

page_text: about their axes) the arms M, M', and the rods N, N', carrying the foot
pieces P, P', rollers Q, Q', circuit break R, and lever R', substantially as and
for the purpose herein specified with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Sixthly, in the arrangement of the foot pieces P, P', carrying the rollers
Q, Q', circuit break R, and lever R', adjustable relatively to the rods N, N',
or other equivalent supports by screws 9, 9, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth, with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Seventhly, in the application of an electro-magnetic striking attachment to
ruling machines composed of the several elements herein described, with
reference to Figures 1, 2, 8, 4, and 5, applied, arranged, and operating sub-
stantially as herein specified..
Eighthly, in the employment of the sheet of paper to be ruled as a means
of breaking the circuit of an electro-magnetic striking attachment to ruling
machines, substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 6 and 7
of the Drawings.
Lastly, in closing the circuit in an electro-magnetic striking attachment to
ruling machines by means of a strip of metal S lying upon or arranged over
the endless feeding and supporting cloth, and a finger i applied in relation
with the said strip and adjustable relatively to the pens, substantially as
herein described with reference to Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garrett Tongue, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE. (L.S.)