Improvements in Power Transmitting Paddles for Boats and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Power Transmitting Paddles for Boats and the like.
WILLIAM TURNER LORD, 16, Davies Street, Berkeley Square, London, W.,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
I form paddles which can be used as boat propellers at the stern of a boat or
otherwise and be driven by steam or other engines, electric motors or human
power, and in such a way as to move the blades at good angles and curves in the
water and on the return stroke to keep them very close above the surface. To
make the principle of the invention clear, I will describe the first model which
can easily be fixed to or taken off a boats transom, this has two paddles side by
side working within a frame. In this frame about one fourth from its rear or
aft end, a double crank is fitted athwart having a driving pulley for band or
chain; or any suitable gear to motive power in boat or otherwise. To each of
these cranks which are sufficiently broad a paddle is pivotted about two thirds
from blade end and the opposite end is jointed to a connecting rod the other end
of which is pivotted or jointed to or near the transom, the result being that
when the crank is revolved downwards and aft it forces the blade of paddle into
the water and pushes it aft, and as the jointed connecting rod at top end serves
as a fulcrum, the lower end moves aft to a greater extent and in a different curve
than the throw of the crank, and as the crank continues its course and rises and
moves forward, it lifts the paddle above the water and forward in readiness for
another stroke, the action of the combined crank movement and controlling
power of the connecting rod being that the course of the paddle through the
water is an irregular ellipse and on the return stroke almost a straight line above
the surface.
By means of the same principle, power could be received on similar paddles
suitably made, and applied mechanically, by the rule that a ships paddle wheel
could be used as a water wheel, for example, if such a gear as I have described
but with three paddles, is fixed in proper relationship to a stream, one or other
of the blades will always be in the water and they will be successively actuated
by it, and thereby communicate motion and power to the crank shaft.
In some cases there may be a connecting link or rod between the paddle and
the crank.
DL1 this Cintaonth day of Fahruary 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Power Transmitting Paddles for Boats and the like.
WILLIAM TURNER LORD, 16, Davies Street, Berkeley Square, London, W.,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
[Price 8d.]
Improvements in Power Transmitting Paddles for Boats and the like.
WILLIAM TURNER LORD, 16, Davies Street, Berkeley Square, London, W.,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
[Price 8d.]

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The purpose of my invention is to actuate any suitable paddles the blades
of which may be single or multiple, feathering or non-feathering, by human or
mechanical power, and so arranged as to move at effective angles and curved in
the water on the working stroke, and to return them into position for work in
the most direct way by moving them very close to the surface of the water,
following as closely as possible the curve in Fig. 1 where W L is the water line,
and A the effective travel of paddle and B the return stroke.
The principle of the invention is shewn in the diagrams given in Figs. 2, 3, 4,
and 5, and by the perspective sketches, in all the drawings similar parts are
indicated by the same letters.
In Fig. 2 an apparatus consisting of a crank D with a driving pulley E a
paddle jointed to crank D at F and attached at its top end to a rocking con-
necting rod or fulcrum C is supposed to be attached to the stern of a boat by
out-riggers TT and motive power is transferred in any suitable way from the
boat to E whereby the crank is revolved, with the result that if the crank is
revolved as indicated by the arrow it raises the paddle, the upper end of which
is controlled by C the result being that the lower end of P is moved forward
above the water line W L in the curve B and upon the crank moving in the
lower half of the revolution the course of the end of paddle will be in the line A
thereby pressing against the water and so propelling the boat. By reversing the
action of the crank the boat is moved astern.
In Fig. 3 a link piece G connects the crank to the paddle shaft the lower end of
the link piece being jointed to a rocking fulcrum H by this means the sweep of the
paddle is increased; both C and H are pivotted at K for simplicity but one or
more centres can be used.
Figs. 4 and 5 are applications of methods for transmitting the movement of
the crank to a distance from it, when requisite: the result of the united action
of rods M M and L L being the transfer of the movement of cranks D D to the
outer ends of the gears. In Fig. 5, C is made to take a lower place than in the
other diagram's.
Any of these gears can be adapted to work at the sides or other parts of a
boat, and with foot or other power, also when desirable for simplicity, as in the
case of a canoe, instead of using a crank a bar can be pivotted in the centre, and
the ends be connected by suitable joints to the paddle shafts, in such a way as
to allow of the bar ends being rotated with a movement very like a crank thereby
causing the paddles to move as described. This is shewn in Fig. 8 in which R
is a bar pivotted at its centre to $ so as to give free movement and connected by
universal joints to the paddles at F F the top ends of which are pivotted to C C
the bar R being moved by the hands so as to move the ends in or near to a
circular line, as shewn by the dotted line, will cause the paddle blades to act in
the manner previously described.
One method of feathering the paddle floats is shewn in Fig. 6 in which double
shafts P P are shewn, the top ends being pivotted to C and the bottom ends
to N N and is so adjusted that the float or blade O is almost vertical during the
effective part of the stroke.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of an apparatus specially referred to in the Pro-
visional Specification but in this case assumed to be between twin boats, the
lettering and description of Fig. 2 applying to this. This could be arranged
to be detachable at will from a boat.
The paddles can be made to work otherwise than in a perpendicular position,
and any suitable clutch can be fitted, to permit of one or both sides being thrown
out of gear, for turning the boat or other purposes.
Paddles can also be made to receive force upon the blades and transmit it
for mechanical purposes, for example:-if an adaptation of this gear is placed in

page_text: running water the power would be conveyed through the floats to the crank
shaft and be utilized for pumping or other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Combinations of cranks or their substitutes, levers and paddles, as and for
the purpose herein described.
2. Rocking levers and fulcrums, in combination with simple or feathering
paddles arranged to produce the effect herein described.
Dated this Thirty-first day of October 1898.
WILLIAM TURNER LORD.