IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND CUTTING PILE FABRICS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING
AND CUTTING PILE FABRICS" and in what manner the same is to be performed; to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to that part of the mechanism of a loom used for severing
the pile-threads of double pile fabrics (woven in the well known manner in two
backings or cloths with intervening pile-threads) so that, when cut apart laterally
through the pile, two distinct pieces of velvet or other pile.fabric are produced.
The said invention consists essentially in the novel construction and arrangement
of the cam and its connecting mechanism with the pulley wheel for winding and
unwinding cords or bands by which the knife-carriage is reciprocated; and in the
construction and arrangement of the transverse guide plate or carriage race, its
friction rollers and stopping mechanism,
In the accompanying drawing,
7.
:
Figure 1 is a front view of a part of a loom for weaving double pile fabric,
showing the arrangement of the cords. which reciprocate the knife-carriage,, the
pulley wheel and the cog gearing connecting the latter with the rack bar of the
actuating cam,
Figure 2 is a top view of the grooved guide plate or carriage race, and the
supporting plate on which the pile fabric is severed.
Figure 3 is a top view, drawn to an enlarged scale, of one end of the carriage
race, showing the position of the knife carriage, the mode of securing the cords
thereto, the stopping device, and one of the cord friction rollers.
Figure 4 is a detached side view of the velvet delivering rollers, the supporting
plate for the fabric, the carriage race, the knife carriage, and the knife.
Figure 5 is a view of one side of the loom from the inside, showing the upper
cam for actuating the sharpening mechanism, the lower cam and its rack bar, and
gearing for actuating the pulley wheel and the cords or bands leading from the
latter to the knife carriage,
T
W
لفي
J

page_text: Figures 6 and 7 are side and top views respectively of the cam and rack bar by
means of which the pulley wheel is partially revolved in opposite directions to
wind and unwind cords attached to opposite sides of the knife carriage, by means
whereof the latter is reciprocated in the carriage race.
The construction and operation of that part of. the loom, used for weaving the
double pile fabric in the manner stated, I do not deem it necessary to describe, the
same being well known, I shall therefore confine myself to showing and describing
only that part of the mechanism of the loom involving my invention, and which
performs the office of cutting the fabric laterally and producing therefrom two
pieces of pile fabric.
こ
"
The framing supports between its sides A A¹ at the front of the loom, a
supporting or cutting bar L which is a flat metal plate recessed at R to admit of
the insertion and vertical motion therein of the housing or frame for the sharpening
rollers. The latter need not be described as they may be of any known construction.
Upon the said plate or bar L over which the cutting knife K" passes woven double
pile fabric is received.
Upper and lower velvet rollers F F suitably mounted in the frame of the loom
(see Figure 4) take up, the two pieces of pile fabric T¹ T", as the two woven
connected backings are separated by the knife K", and draw forward the uncut
double pile fabric T up to the travelling knife as the said fabric is delivered over
and upon the supporting bar L.
Transversely across the front of the loom is arranged a grooved guide plate or
carriage race M, the position of which relatively to the supporting bar L is
shewn in Figures 2, 4 and 5. This transverse guide plate is grooved longitudinally
to form a slide or race for the 'knife carriage K, and is recessed at both ends to
admit two friction pulley rollers N N¹ which have their bearings in the guide
plate.A
Two flanged cross bars 1 and 2 are secured to the plate M, as bearings for a
stopper rod 6 which has an enlarged end 7 serving as a stopper for the knife
carriage. On this stopper rod, and between the flanges of the cross-bars, are placed
two-pieces of india-rubber tubing, and between them a metal band 3 having a set
screw, by which latter either piece of india-rubber tubing may be compressed to or
from either flange of the cross-bars 1 and 2.
By this device, which serves as an elastic cushion for the knife carriage, I am
also enabled to bring different parts of the knife blade against the sharpening
rollers from time to time as may be desired, by shifting the position of the set
screw band 3 along the rod 6.
The cutting mechanism proper consists of a knife carriage K K which supports a
knife holder K¹ in which the knife K¹¹ is adjusted. The heel of the knife holder
is pivoted on a rod passing through it and having its bearings in the carriage K,
and around this rod is coiled a spring having its ends fastened to the carriage
so that the knife blade shall thereby tend to press downwards upon the sup-
porting bar L or upon the velvet fabric resting thereon and cause the knife to
travel in its reciprocating motion in a straight line and cut the pile evenly. The
knife carriage moves laterally backward and forward in the groove of the guide
plate or race M.. being reciprocated therein by means of two cords E E¹ which
pass over the friction pulley rollers N N¹ to the pulley wheel D. One cord, E is
fastened to one side of the knife carriage and its other end passes over the
roller N 'and leads to, and passes partially around, the pulley wheel D (which is
grooved circumferentially) and is knotted in the periphery thereof. The other
cord E¹ fastened to the other side of the knife carriage, passes to, and over, the
'other roller N¹ and under the guide plate M to another roller G, and thence to,
and partially around, the pulley D in a contrary direction from the other cord E.
This, pulley wheel D is rigidly secured to a shaft which has its outer bearing
in an 'arm H affixed to the frame of the loom. This arrangement causes the
knife carriage K to be reciprocated in the grooved transverse guide plate or race M
when, and as, the said pulley wheel D is turned in either direction and winds and

page_text: unwinds the cords E, E¹ successively by means of the actuating mechanism shown
in Figures 5, 6 and 7.
This mechanism for partially revolving the pulley wheel in either direction,
consists of a single cam B of the peculiar form shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, and
is actuated by a cog wheel B₁ which gears with a cog C¹¹ which, by means of its
cam C, actuates the sharpening mechanism as shown in Figure 5. The cam B
secured to the shaft of its actuating cog wheel B operates to give reciprocating
motion to the bar B¹ by bearing alternately against the friction rollers B³ B*. The
bar B is provided with a cog rack B³ on the upper surface of its longer end, which
rack gears with a small cog wheel D¹ secured to the same shaft as the cog D",
which in turn drives the cog D111 secured to the pulley wheel D. By these
means the said pulley wheel is partially revolved in either direction alternately
and thus winds and unwinds successively the cords E, E', (one being wound up
while the other is unwound and vice versa alternately) and so reciprocates the
knife carriage in the grooved guide plate and severs the double pile fabric
presented to the knife over and upon the supporting bar L as shown in Figure 4.
T represents the uncut double pile fabric and T¹ T the two pieces cut therefrom.
The peculiar configuration of the cam B is of itself a novel feature of my
invention; it is of the form of a segment of an annular plate, with a central hole,
thus showing two rounded sides, the smaller (being the inner one) fitting rigidly
upon the cog shaft Bo, and the larger (the outer side) being the part which comes
in contact with the friction rollers B³ B*. The operation of this cam B, when
arranged as shown, is such that, motion being imparted thereto by the revolution
of the shaft B moving the cogwheel B', the rack bar B¹ is reciprocated, and its
rack B, acting on the cogs D1 D2 D3 as described, causes a partial revolution of the
pulley wheel D, in either direction, as the bar B' may be moving backward or
forward, depending upon the position of the cam B between the friction rollers B³ B*,
By this cam being constructed and arranged as shown, the knife carriage is recipro-
cated in the groove of the guide plate M, not by a constant backward and forward
motion, but between intervals of positive rest at each end of the grooved race
plate, equal to two picks of the loom at each interval.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First The combination, in a loom for weaving and cutting double pile fabric, of
the cam B and rack bar B¹, with mechanism for connecting the same with the
knife carriage, whereby the latter is reciprocated in a suitable guide plate between
intervals of dead rest at each end thereof, substantially as described.
Second-The combination of the transverse grooved guide plate M, the knife
carriage K provided with means to reciprocate the same therein, and elastic
stopping mechanism consisting of the rod 6 supported in suitable bearings,
india-rubber tubing 4 and 5 and set screw band 3, substantially as, and for the
purpose, set forth.