Year: 1897

page_text: I, LOUIS BARDON, of 64, Boulevard National, Clichy (Seine), in the Republic
of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
The present invention relates to an arc lamp with constant potential for con-
tinuous and alternating currents. The lamp is composed essentially of a double
solenoid formed by two bobbins each of which acts upon a soft iron core. The
movements of these cores are transmitted to the carbon holders by a system of
levers and a cord passing over pulleys. so as to strike the arc and feed the carbons
as required.
A
The two bobbins constituting the double solenoid are wound with fine wire in
derived circuit from the lamp terminals and each acts upon a soft iron core.
bent rod is connected with these cores through a lever which turns upon a centre
secured to the lamp frame. Centred to this lever is a connecting rod for
acting on the brake lever which can be conveniently centred in standards carried
by the bobbins. The brake lever carries a weighted shoe and is provided at its
outer end with an orifice through which passes the extremity of the aforesaid
connecting rod an adjustable stop on which is secured in such position that it does
not act on the brake lever till the connecting rod has made a part of its stroke. An
escape wheel is mounted under the brake and carries at its axle a grooved pulley. A
cord is attached to the extremity of the aforesaid lever and passes under a pulley
connected with the lower carbon-holder and thence over a return pulley secured to
the top of the lamp frame then under the pulley on the axle of the escapement
wheel and then up and over another return pulley secured to the top of the lamp
frame, and then under a pulley in connection with the upper carbon holder and
finally is attached to the upper part of the lamp frame.
The upper carbon holder is provided with a weight for ensuring the proper
action of the lamp after the brake leaves the escapement wheel. There is also an
adjustable weight for permitting the regulation of the lamp by opposing a more or
less powerful antagonism to the bobbins. This weight is carried by a rod turning
on a centre on a bracket secured to the lamp frame, and is connected by a fork to
the knee of the bent rod aforesaid.
When the lamp is not in action the carbons are apart. When the circuit of the
lamp is closed the voltage is at its maximum between the terminals. The cores are
consequently attracted by the bobbins causing the lever to turn upon its centre
and raise the brake which by relieving the escape wheel allows the feeding of the
carbons which come in contact but as owing to this the solenoids are no longer
energised they do not attract their cores and the arc is struck because the weight
of the lower carbon holder preponderates. This brings down the lever and then

page_text: as the brake comes into contact with the escape wheel the movement of the said
holder is arrested when the arc is struck.
As the carbons are consumed the arc increases and the difference in potential
increases and the bobbins become more powerful and attract their cores and
through the lever the connecting rod causes the negative carbon to again approach
till the button on the said connecting rod acts on the brake lever and relieves the
escape wheel from pressure of the brake and under the action of the weights of the
upper carbon holder the parts slowly move and cause the 'carbons to approach each
other.
If in case of accident the voltage lowers at the lamp terminals that is to say if
the carbons from any cause tend to abnormally approach each other the difference
of potential diminishes, the bobbins release the cores and the space between the
button on the connecting rod and the brake lever on which it acts permits a' back
movement that re-establishes the proper position of the carbons.
As the carbons are consumed the cores act on the connecting rod which moves
until the button thereon acts on the brake lever and proper feeding of the carbons
continues under normal conditions.
1
11
improvements in Electric Arc Lamps.
I, LOUIS BARDON, of 64, Boulevard National,. Clichy (Seine), in the Republic
of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to an arc lamp with constant potential for con-
tinuous and alternating currents. The lamp is composed essentially of a double
solenoid formed by two bobbins each of which acts upon a soft iron core. The
movements of these cores are transmitted to the carbon holders by a system of
levers and a cord passing over pulleys so as to strike the arc and feed the carbons
as required.
In order that my invention may be well understood, I will describe it with
reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is an elevation of the
lamp. Figure 2 is an elevation of the upper part of the lamp shewing the regu-
lator system. Figure 3 represents the same part of the lamp that is shewn in
Figure 2 but seen at right angles to Fig. 2, Figures 2 and 3 being drawn to a
larger scale than Figure 1.
According to my invention the two bobbins A constituting the double solenoid
are wound with fine wire in derived circuit from the lamp terminals and each
acts upon a soft iron core B which cores are connected to a bent lever or
frame CD a b c d, Figures 2 and 3, which turns upon centres b secured to the top
plate of the lamp frame. Centred at e to this lever or frame is a connecting rod E
for acting on a brake lever F, G, which can be conveniently centred in standards
carried by the bobbins. The brake lever carries a weighted shoe H and is pro-
vided at its outer end G with an orifice through which passes the extremity of the
aforesaid connecting rod E on which is secured an adjustable stop I in such position
that it does not act on the brake lever till the connecting rod has made a part of
its stroke. An escape wheel J is mounted under the brake and carries on its axle
a grooved pulley K.

page_text: A cord. is attached to the extremity d of the lever or frame CD a b c d and
passes under a pulley L connected with the lower carbon-holder and thence over a
return pulley M then under the pulley K on the axle of the escapement wheel and
then up and over another return pulley M' secured to the top of the lamp frame
and then under a pulley L' in connection with the upper carbon holder and finally
is attached to the upper part of the lamp frame.
The upper carbon holder N is provided with a weight for ensuring the proper
action of the lamp after the brake leaves the escapement wheel J. There is also
an adjustable weight P for permitting the regulation of the lamp by opposing a
more or less powerful antagonism to the bobbins. This weight is carried by a
rod Qturning on a centre e on a bracket secured to the lamp frame and is con-
nected by a fork R to the arm D of the bent lever or frame C D a b c d.
When the lamp is not in action the carbons are apart. When the circuit of the
lamp is closed the voltage is at its maximum between the terminals. The cores
are consequently attracted by the bobbins causing the lever or frame C D a b c d
to turn upon its centre b and raise the brake which by relieving the escape wheel J
allows the feeding of the carbons which come in contact but as owing to this the
solenoids are no longer energised they do not attract their cores and the arc is
struck because the weight of the lower carbon holder 'preponderates. This brings
down the lever or frame C D a b c d and then as the brake comes into contact with
the escape wheel J, the movement of the said holder is arrested when the arc
is struck.
As the carbons are consumed the arc increases and the difference in potential
increases, and the bobbins become more powerful and attract their cores and
through the lever or frame CD a bed the connecting rod E causes the carbon to
again approach till the stop I on the said connecting rod acts on the brake lever FG
and relieves the escape wheel from pressure of the brake and under the action of
the weights of the upper carbon holder the parts slowly move and cause the carbons
to approach each other.
If in case of accident the voltage lowers at the lamp terminals that is to say
if the carbons from any cause tend to abnormally approach each other the difference
of potential diminishes, the hobbins release the cores and the space between the
stop on the connecting rod and the brake lever on which it acts permits a back
movement that re-establishes the proper position of the carbons.
As the carbons are consumed the cores B act on the connecting rod E which
moves until the stop thereon acts on the brake lever G and the proper feeding of
the carbons continues under normal conditions:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In an electric arc lamp with constant potential for continuous and alternating
currents the combination with two bobbins into which enter, more or less, two soft
iron cores, of a beut lever connected on the one hand to the two soft iron cores
and on the other to a brake operating rod, substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
2. In an electric are lamp with constant potential for continuous and alternating
currents the combination with two bobbins into which enter, more or less, two soft
iron cores, and a bent lever connected on the one hand to the two soft iron cores
and on the other hand to a rod connected to a brake operating lever of an escape
wheel for governing the distance apart of the carbons, substantially as described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. In an electric arc lamp with constant potential for continuous and alternating
currents the combination with the subject matter of the two preceding claims of a
ystem of pulleys, a cord passing round the pulleys and connected at one end to the
free end of the bent lever or frame and at the other end to the upper plate or frame
of the lamp, the said system being operated by the weight of the upper carbon

page_text: holder when the brake releases the escape wheel; substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
L
1 thin 92nd day of March 1898.
. JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.