IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOSING OR STOPPERING BOTTLES AND JARS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HIRAM CODD of No 41 Gracechurch Street in the City of London Bottle
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CLOSING OR STOPPERING BOTTLES AND JARS to be as follows:-
According to this invention I form a glass bottle with a groove all around the
top of its head into which groove I insert a ring of vulcanized india rubber, or of
india rubber and cork, or it might be a ring of other suitable elastic material and
I also form a screw thread around either the exterior or interior of the head of the
bottle so that a screw stopper may be screwed on to it and the flange or head of
the stopper be caused to bear against the elastic packing ring. In this way an air
tight joint will be made between the head of the bottle and the flange or head of
the screw cap; as also the packing ring is for the most part embedded in a groove
surrounding the head of the bottle the contents of the bottle cannot come into
contact with the packing ring or only into contact with a very small portion of it.
If desired the groove might be deep enough for the ring to be completely
embedded in it and the flange or head of the screw cap might have an annular
projection on its under side to enter the groove and bear upon the elastic ring
within it. In this way the elastic packing ring would be completely shut off froin
the contents of the bottle.
In order to form the groove in the top of the rim or head of the bottle I form
the tool or tongs by which the head of the bottle is moulded with a small tooth or
projection standing out from the disc or swiller of such tongs against which the
head of the bottle is held whilst it is being moulded, and as the tongs or bottle are
turned during the act of moulding the head this projection moulds a complete
annular groove in the end of the head.
Earthenware jars or bottles may similarly have an annular groove moulded in
the end of the head to receive a washer for making a tight joint between the bottle
and its cap or stopper.

page_text: DEBOLICATION.
"
I, HIRAM CODD of N° 41 Gracechurch Street in the City of London Bottle
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CLOSING OR STOPPERING BOTTLES AND JARS and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
According to this invention I form a glass bottle with a groove all around the
top of its head into which groove I insert a ring of vulcanized india rubber or of
india rubber and cork or it might be a ring of other suitable elastic material and
I also form a screw thread around either the exterior or interior of the head of the
bottle so that a screw stopper may be screwed on to it and the flange or head of
the stopper be caused to bear against the elastic packing ring. In this way an air
tight joint will be made between the head of the bottle and the flange or head of
the screw cap, as also the packing ring is for the most part embedded in a groove
surrounding the head of the bottle the contents of the bottle cannot conie into
contact with the packing ring or only into contact with a very small portion of it.
If desired the groove might be deep enough for the ring to be completely
embedded in it and the flange or head of the screw cap might have an annular
projection on its under side to enter the groove and bear upon the elastic ring
within it. In this way the clastic packing ring would be completely shut off from
the contents of the bottle.
Earthenware jars or bottles may similarly have an annular groove moulded in the
end of the head to receive a washer for making a tight joint between the bottle and
its cap or stopper.
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed shews the head of a glass bottle
formed as above described with a groove all around the top to receive a packing
ring and with a screw thread moulded in the interior of the head for a screw
stopper to be screwed into it and the head of the stopper so made to bear against
the packing ring. In the drawing the packing ring is shewn to be of such a
thickness as to project slightly above the groove in the end of the head of the
bottle and the under surface of the flange or head of the stopper is shown to be
made flat to bear against it but as above stated the packing ring might be
entirely embedded in the groove and an annular projection be formed on the
underside of the head of the stopper to enter the groove and bear against the ring.
The head of a bottle closed by a stopper in this manner is shewn at Figure 2. The
groove in the end of the heads of the bottles I make somewhat of a dovetail
form in cross section as shewn so that the packing ring when once pressed into the
groove will be held therein by its own elasticity.
To so form a screw thread in the interior of the head and at the same time form
a groove all around its end, I employ in the formation of the head a pair of
tongs similar to those usually employed for forming a screw thread in the interior
of the head of a bottle except that in place of making the disc or "swiller" which
is at the base of the central plug of the tool in one piece with this plug as
heretofore I make it in a separate piece from this plug and capable of turning

page_text: around the stem or rod which carries it and I provide the disc with an arm or arms
projecting from its under side to come against the side arm or arms of the tongs so
that if the tongs are turned the disc or swiller turns with them whilst the central
plug or core on which a screw thread is cut is locked in the usual manner to
prevent its turning at the time when the tongs are open but is set free when the
tongs are closed so that it may remain at rest within the head of the bottle whilst
the tongs or bottle are rotated.
On the face of the disc or "swiller" I also provide a small projecting nib or
nibs which enter the end of the head of the bottle and as the bottle or the tongs
are turned mould the groove in it and in order that the groove formed by this nib
may be somewhat of a dovetail form in cross section I divide each nib into two
parts which are made to incline away from one another at the time when the tongs
are closed but which are free to turn towards and meet one another when the
tongs are opened so that they may then readily be withdrawn through the
narrowed mouth of the groove. To effect this I joint to the "swiller" two small
curved levers or pin joints close to one another and I make the ends of the levers
to project somewhat from the face of the swiller so as to form the nib-I also
cause a slide to move forwards and act upon these levers at the time when the
tongs are closed so as to cause their ends which project from the swiller and which
form the nib to then move apart from one another.
This moving forward of the slide at the times when the tongs are closed I effect
in a similar manner to that described in the specification of a Patent granted to
myself and F. Foster N° 4268 in the year 1873.
At Figure 3 I have shewn the head of a bottle similarly formed with a groove
around the end of the head but formed with a screw thread around the exterior of
the head in place of around its interior. The stopper is as shown formed as a cap
to screw on to the external screw thread-in this case also the cap may either be
formed as shewn with au annular projection on its underside to enter the groove
in the end of the head of the bcttle or it may be made flat to rest against a ring or
washer made to project slightly above the top of the groove.
The cap also in place of being a solid cap as shown might be of thin metal
moulded to form as shewn at Figure 4.
To form the exterior screw thread and the groove in the end of the head I form
the "swiller" of the tongs used for shaping the head with an expanding nib
projecting from it as described above. The central plug or core of the tool I also
form in such a way that radial blades or dogs are thrust out from it at the time
when the tongs are closed and in addition in place. of using only two dies one at
the end of each arm of the tongs as heretofore I make the tongs with two or more
dies carried by a ring which can turn freely around the "swiller" and which can
also be made to move radially away from one another or when the tongs are closed
can be made to meet one another so as then to form a complete block having
through its middle a hole corresponding to the form to be given to the exterior of
the head and with a corresponding screw thread cut around it. So that when the
tongs are grasped in the hand the dies first close together and enclose the head of a
bottle between them. The blades carried by the central plug or core then move
outwards from it and as the bottle is rotated cause the soft "metal" of which the
head is being formed to be pressed outwards against the dies and so mould the
exterior of the bead with a screw thread around it.
In cases where the cap or stopper is not made to screw onto or into the head of
a bottle but is pressed down in other ways against the top of the head I similarly
form a groove in the end of the head to receive an elastic washer for the stopper to
bed against and form a tight joint.
Jars of earthenware or such like material I also form as above stated with a
groove around the end of the head to receive an elastic washer to make a tight joint
between the bottle and its cap or stopper. In this case the head of the jar may
similarly be formed with a screw thread all around its exterior or interior. Or with
segments only of such screw threads or inclines for corresponding segments or

page_text: inclines on the cap or stopper to lock under. The groove and screw threads
or inclines being formed on the head of the jar before "firing" or "burning" as will
be well understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction of a glass bottle or jar with a dovetail or other shaped groove
all around the end of its head substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
2. The construction of a glass bottle or jar with a dovetail or other shaped
groove all around the end of its head to receive an elastic washer and with a screw
thread on the exterior or interior of the head for a screw cap or stopper to screw
on to substantially as described.
3. Closing or stoppering glass bottles or jars substantially in the manner herein-
before described and illustrated in the drawing annexed.
4. The construction of an earthenware or other jar with a groove all around the
end of its head and with a scrow thread or inclines on its exterior or interior for
retaining a cap or stopper substantially as described.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.