IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING COTTON AND FOR CRUSHING AND PRESSING OTHER SUBSTANCES, THE SAID MACHINERY BEING ADAPTABLE FOR LOCOMOTION ON RAILWAYS OR ON COMMON ROADS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles George Wilson, of Regent's Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of" IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING COTTON AND FOR CRUSHING AND PRESSING OTHER
SUBSTANCES, THE SAID MACHINERY BEING ADAPTABLE FOR LOCOMOTION ON
RAILWAYS OR ON COMMON ROADS."
Sealed the 19th June 1868, and dated the 21st December 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles George Wilson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st December 1867.
1, CHARLES GEORGE WILSON, of Regent's Park, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
MACHINERY FOR PRESSING COTTON AND FOR CRUSHING
AND PRESSING OTHER. SUBSTANCES, THE SAID MACHINERY BEING ADAPTABLE FOR
LOCOMOTION ON RAILWAYS OR ON COMMON ROADS," to be as follows, that is
"IMPROVEMENTS
to say:-
My Invention relates to improvements on an Invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to me, and dated the Eighteenth day of August One
Price 8d1

page_text: thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number 2056, and consists in com-
bining on the same frame and wheels one or more press boxes worked by
hand, screw, and hydraulic pressure obtained by improved mechanical
arrangements.
These improvements are as follows-To form the sides of the lower space
box or boxes I employ two short lengths of wrought-iron or steel plates of
proportionate tensile strength in section to resist the greater strain from the
hydraulic power. I form or build on the top, bottom, or both sides a light
framed space or spaces of sheet, angle, and T iron, giving all the capacity
required for the reception of the elastic substance of proportionate strength
only to resist the hand-power closing down arrangement of the filling door
openings, an operation quickly performed by lever, wheel,and pinion, or other
suitable arrangement. To form the ends of the double space box I firmly
secure cast steel or iron girders carryingshort hydraulic cylinders, with forward
and return motion ran or rams actuating followers within the lower space or
spaces, a short distance with accelerated speed by a double acting hydraulic
plunger pump with discharge by both up and down stroke during the revo-
lution of the crank, or by combining two areas of plunger on the same spindle
giving different degrees of speed and power during the operation. Equi-
distant from the end girders is firmly secured a strong iron or steel girder
carrying nuts through which traverse two double-threaded screws of pro-
portionate diameter and short length to resist compression and other strains
from the final hydraulic pressure, the parallel motion given actuating followers
secured to each end a certain distance (the greater part of the lower space)
driven by spur wheels and pinions from the shaft or shafts carried and
revolving with quick speed in bearings from side frames, having reversing
friction clutches for forward and return motion of followers, ball joint
connection shaft, drum, or other suitable arrangements from the driving
power. Baling doors to openings are hinged top and bottom of the side frames
balanced, and with lever bolt arrangement opened freely by small amount of
manual power. I place this double machine ou four wheels to be hauled or
worked by the single press space box engine herein after described or other
suitable driving power. The construction of the single press space box differs
from the double press space machine herein-before described in being one-half
the length in the press frame, the screw girder being at one end and the hydraulic
girder at the other or in the middle, the side frames being produced or
lengthened to carry the driving power, that is to say, engines, boiler, hydraulic
pumps, and the other parts, with arrangements of chain gear for traction

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles George Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th June 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
GEORGE WILSON, of Regent's Park, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and graut unto me, the
said Charles George Wilson, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
George Wilson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Charles George Wilson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vead, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING COTTON AND FOR CRUSHING
AND PRESSING OTHER SUBSTANCES, THE SAID MACHINERY BEING ADAPTABLE
FOR LOCOMOTION ON RAILWAYS OR ON COMMON ROADS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles George Wilson, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles George Wilson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say -
My Invention relates to improvements ou an Invention for which Letters

page_text: Patent were granted to me, and dated the 18th day of August 1863, No. 2056,
and consists in combining on the same frame and wheels one or more press
boxes worked by hand, screw, and hydraulic pressure obtained by improved
mechanical arrangements.
I will proceed to describe my improvements by reference to the accompanying
Drawings, in which Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a longitudinal elevation, and
Figure 2, Sheet 1, a plan of the double space press machine.
Figures 3 and 4, Sheet 2, longitudinal elevation and half plan of the single
space box machine.
Figure 5, Sheet 3, longitudinal elevation, and Figure 6, Sheet 3, half plan
of the transit pressing engine and box.
The sides of the double space box A, A, are formed of two short lengths of
wrought-iron or steel plates of sufficient strength or sectional area to bear the
greater strain from the hydraulic power stiffened, as shewn, by angle and
Tiron a, a, and teak lining longitudinally, lateral stiffness being given by
transverse bars and fastenings b; the bottom plate is formed of sheet iron
stiffened with angle iron and lined with teak; the T iron in the centre of
each side plate serves also to support and guide the followers. On the top of
the sides A, A, I build or construct two light framed spaces B, B, of sheet,
angle, and T iron lined with teak, and with moveable head plates c, c, closed
down by the crank lever wheel and pinion arrangement d, d, in bearings e on
top; ff, are hinged doors on each side for filling purposes. These spaces B,B,
give all the additional capacity required to hold the bulk of loose cotton or
other substance to be pressed. The doors ffare of sheet iron lined with teak,
and on being closed are secured by the centreswing bolts g fastening top and
bottom. The moveable head plates c, c, are constructed of sheet iron
strengthened with angle iron, and by the transverse slot frames h, h, the head
plates when closed down are securely fastened and prevented from rising by the
double cranked levers d, d, sliding in the slots of the frames h, h, fixed to the
head plates when over the centre, so that the head plates form on being closed
down the top of the double screw space. Steam, hydraulic, or screw. power
may be employed for closing down the head plates instead of the arrangements
described. The ends of the double space box are formed by the cast steel or
iron girders C,C, carrying the short hydraulic cylinders D, D,and rams D¹,D',
of the required diameter to actuate the followers E, E, a short distance within
the box on the substance under pressure. The followers are made of cast-
iron or wrought-iron plates and channel iron, with iron strips thereon forming
slots or spaces on the face for receiving the hoop bands for binding the bale;

page_text: these slots are continued over the top and bottom edges, and pins are placed
as shown to.loop on rope lashing Motion is given to the rams D', D; by
bydraulic pressure through the stop-cock arrangement and piping jj; carried
along inside the frame and connected to the regulating stop valves kis an
orifice serving as a connection for the length of piping to the 1 pumps.. If
required more than one hydraulic cylinder may be carried. by each endl
girder. The return of the rams is effected by a self-acting arrangement con-
sisting of spiral springs 1, l,attached to the followers E, E, the said springs
having the required play also acting as buffers to the machine, the bolt
through the spring from the buffer plate and from the follower being attached
to a hollow socket with internal play for each bolt head. On the stop-cock i
being opened the springs exert sufficient power to bring back the followerand
thus force the fluid back to the tank through the regulating stop valve k con-
structed to work two screw stop valves in gear by pinions m, m, the inner
pinion stop being run up and the outer pinion stop being run down, as shewn.
The. way is opened for the return of the fluid to the tank from the hydraulic
cylinder by the small orifice n and pipe connection. The communication from
the hydraulic pumps is stopped by the outer stop pinion being down. The
hydraulic power from the pumps may be transmitted from the back orifice k¹!
of the regulating stop valve by a length of pipe connection to the front orifice
of the regulating stop valve in the next press, the return of the fluid being
effected by pipe connection to the return orifice pipe n. Equidistant from the
end girders is firmly secured a strong iron or steel girder o, o, carrying nuts
and wheels q,q, keyed thereon. The two double-threaded screws p,p, traverse
these nuts, giving parallel motion to the followers bolted thereto at each end;
the nuts revolve in the bosses o', o¹, but have no lateral motion: The screws
are of proportionate diameter and length to resist the greater strain from the
final pressure, and are securely bolted to the followers G, G. ¡Motion is 'com-
municated to the spur wheels q, q, and nuts by the intermediate wheel and
pinion from the shaft s driven by the mitre bevil gear st with reversing
friction clutches and lever arrangement t to obtain the forward and return
motion of followers driven by fork joint connection tand" shaft from
the steam power.
A shaft with forked connection on the end is
carried beneath the box in bearings p' bolted to side frames driven by
a bevil pinion in gear with the mitre bevil gear s; this shaft with its
forked connection serves to transmit the power to the next press during
the period of baling and refilling. The shaft s and gearing. s. revolve
on bearings in the casting F bolted to the side frame. This machinery

page_text: may also be driven by drums and straps or other suitable arrangement
from the driving power; and may also carry the hydraulic pumps worked by
the same motive powers.
A self-acting arrangement and index is applied outside the box for indicating
the travel of the screw and follower G, and for throwing out of gear the friction
clutches with the mitre wheels s! and pinion shafts on completion of the
distance required for the travel of the screw follower. This self-acting
arrangement is as follows:-The pinion shaft s extends beyond one side of the
casting Fand is cut with a comparatively fine-threaded screw, upon which the
nut arm a works to and fro in a certain ratio to the follower screws during
a given number of revolutions; the nut arm being kept in position by the
guide comes in contact with a washer on the rod vl set to the exact position
by a set screw at either end, and pushes or pulls over the lever and excentric
pin connected to the fork of the friction clutches, the external and internal
frictional coues are thus forced out of gear with the mitre wheels, and motion
ceases to be given to the spur pinion and screw wheel and follower, the
required distance being completed. Baling doors H, H, are provided and
are hinged to the top and bottom sides of the box, being balanced by the
segments of toothed wheels H', H', and lever bolt arrangement b¹, as shewn ;
I, I, are foot boards for facilitating the filling operation. I mount this
double Врасе box on wheels, as shewn, which are adapted to run on a
railway, but they could be adapted to run on ordinary wheels for common
roads or for both.
The construction of the single space press box shewn in Sheet 2 differs
from the double space press machine shewn in Sheet 1 in being one-half the
length in the press frame, the double screw girder being at one end and the
hydraulic girder at the other, the driving arrangements and connection with
the hydraulic pumps being the same.
Figures 5 and 6, Sheet 3, shew a longitudinal elevation and half plan of a
single space box, the side frames of which are produced or lengthened to
carry the steam driving power for working the screws and hydraulic pumps,
and for locomotive and traction purposes; the engine power serves also for
driving other presses during the period of baling and refilling. It is provided
with all the necessary arrangements for properly working, and is adapted to
drive by pinion wheel gearing a parallel crank shaft J to work the hydraulic
pumps J¹ on the shaft J, which is carried through bearings bolted to the side
frames A, A. On each side of the frames A, A, are keyed, the chain pinions
ard clutch arrangement k for locomotion or for traction purposes. The

page_text: engine crank shaft L projects through bearings carried by the side frames,
driving on one side the mitre bevil gear wheels s' and the reversing clutch
arrangement for spur pinion carried in bearings in casting bolted to the side
frame. On the opposite side is keyed the fly wheel or drum L' and fork joint
boss L fordriving other presses, or for utilizing the power for other purposes.
M is a strong upright high-pressure boiler with suitable furnace provided as
shewn with a short funnel with external spark arrester and wire top; the
boiler is securely fixed to the side fraines by strong iron stays. The feed tank N
is carried in the space beyond the boiler and beneath the foot plate, the coal
bunk N' and tool box being formed in the space above the foot plate. The
short hydraulic cylinder girder with cast-iron ram having a forward and return
motion are firmly bolted to the side frames. The double-acting hydraulic
plunger pumps J' for driving the presses are made to discharge both up and
down stroke during the revolution of the crank connected thereto by trunk
plunger and rod; the trunk plunger is carried through the top and bottom of
the pump, the plunger being reduced at each end so as to give an annular
space when within the barrel equal to two small areas or to two different areas.
The plunger carries double-cup leathers in the centre and works through top
and bottom leathers and nuts. The suction from the tank o and the discharge
passages and valves are placed at opposite sides of the pump chamber, the
discharge being connected on to the stop connection S for working auxiliary
presses, one stop being for this press, and is connected on to a double
regulating stop valve N", giving stops and connections for the forward and
return motion of the ram. Two areas of plunger on the same spindle giving
the same or different degrees of speed and power to the rams during the
operation of pressing may be employed. In this case the upper part of
the spindle is of larger diameter and the lower part of the spindle is of
small area, the connection between the two barrels being stopped midway
inside by a cup leather and nut arrangement.
The end of the upper
plunger is formed with a recess for the hexagou nut for tightening the same.
The suction valves and discharge passages to top and bottom chamber are
arranged so as to work from one suction and one discharge orifice. Z is
the regulating handle from the suction cock between the tank o and
hydraulic pump J', which is turned off when the engine is not required
to work the pumps. A judicious working of this cock prior to closing the
stop-cock in cylinder at work or prior to closing the regulating stop valve
will serve to give smoothness of action to the hydraulic machinery, assisting
also the pump safety valve O¹. y, handle of stop-cock on the short hydraulic
ulinder

page_text: A simple arrangement of moveable flange bolted in segments to the driving
wheel and of horn plates to the sides of the box to receive a pair of railway
waggon wheels serve to adapt the engine and press to run on a railway either
by its own power or to be drawn as a dead engine.
The operation of pressing in the double space press box shown in Sheet 1
is as follows:-The gunny bagging having been placed on both followers E
and G one of the spaces or boxes is filled at the opening B; the side doors ff,
are then closed and bolted; at the same time the crank d and head plate c
are moved over the top centre, and descend by their own weight on the loose
cotton or other substance; the crank d is then brought over to its lowest point,
and in this position it securely fastens down the head platec, which then forms
the top of the lower screw space; the friction clutch is now thrown into gear
with the screw nut wheel pinion ; the screws p, p, and follower G are then
forced forward by the revolving nut wheels 1,2, the required distance, when
the self-acting arrangement herein-before described moves the clutches and
mitre wheels s' out of gear by means of the excentric pin lever V"; almost
simultaneously the short hydraulic ram D¹ moves forward the follower E; the
stop-cock i is then closed, the balance doors H, H,thrown open, and the bale
hooped or lashed; the clutch is then thrown into the reversing gear, and on
the bale being relieved from pressure by the return of the follower G it drops
through the lower door opening. In the meantime the opposite space having
been filled,the side doors and the head plate closed down, the screws p, p, in
returning the follower G move forward the screws and follower G in the
opposite space, the short hydraulic cylinder and ram on the other end girder
completing the bale, when it is hooped or lashed and removed in the same
manner as described for the other space box. The hydraulic ram D¹ and
follower E' return to their former position on the stop-cock i being opened. The
regulating stop valve m having been previously adjusted the communication
at that end to the pumps is then closed and the fluid returns to the tank by
the small orificen; at the same time the communication to the pumps at the
regulating stop valve may be opened or closed to the hydraulic cylinder at the
other end; the top head plate is then run up,the side doors thrown open, and
the operation repeated ad libitum.
The action of the single space press box, Sheet 2, and that of the press box
attached to the engine, shewn in Sheet 3, is the same as the action of one of
the spaces of the double space press box herein-before described, the screws
pressing at one end only.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself

page_text: to the precise details herein laid down and shewn in the accompanying
Drawings, as the same may be varied without deviating from the principle of
my Invention; but what I claim is, the general arrangement and construction
of machinery for pressing cotton and for crushing and pressing other substances,
the said machinery being adaptable for locomotion on railways or on common
roads,substantiallyas herein-before described and shewn in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles George Wilson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
W. A. GILBEE.
CHARLES G. WILSON. (L.S.)