matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF DRIVING BAND SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR DRIVING THE SPINDLES OF SPINNING, TWISTING, DOUBLING, OR WINDING MACHINERY, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER LIKE USES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Carter Ramsden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th January 1875.
I, JOHN CARTER RAMSDEN, of Smith House, Lightcliffe, in the County
of York, Silk Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF DRIVING BAND SPECIALLY ADAPTED
FOR DRIVING THE SPINDLES OF SPINNING, TWISTING, DOUBLING, OR WINDING
MACHINERY, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER LIKE USES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is the construction of a combined metal
and fibrous driving bands, having clasticity and self-adjustment to any
stretching or elongation of the fibrous portions of such bands.
It is well known that the ordinary bands of fibre employed for driving
spindles of machinery above enumerated, are liable some one or more of
them to clongation whilst others do not stretch, and so there is
irregularity in the yarn produce.
In constructing driving bands according to this Invention, I proceed
as follows:-I wind and coil wire so as to form a closed helical or spiral

page_text: spring. A wire having a hooked end is passed through this coil, and a
band or cord of fibre (or a gutta percha band) is attached to the hook,
and is then by the withdrawal of the hooked wire pulled through the
coil, or the wire may be wrapped on the fibrous band or cord; the ends
of the fibrous band or cord are next secured together; the coils of the
spiral wire are then slightly opened and the two ends are screwed one
into the other, and by that means aided by hoop or hoops, or by fine wire
or cement secured together, forming an endless band.
It will be seen that the helical wire portion of the band so made is
elastic, a spring, and that if the internal band or end of fibre becomes
elongated, the elastic properties of its outer casing of wire computates
for such variation.
The bands above described are well adapted for driving sewing
machines, laths, and for winding blind rollers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL AND COMPOUND SOAPS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William M'Kenzic and Richard
Edward Donovan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th September 1875.
We, WILLIAM MºKENZIE, of No. 8, Burlington Road, Dublin, in the
County of Dublin, Ireland, and RICHARD EDWARD DONOVAN, of No. 9,
Dunville Avenue, Rathmines, Dublin, aforesaid, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
ORNAMENTAL AND COMPOUND SOAPS," to be as follows :-
:-
Our Invention consists in manufacturing soaps of ornamental
appearance, or of a compound nature, by combining side by side lengths
or strips of soaps of different colours, configuration, or qualities, so that
the ends of such combined strips will form any desired pattern, and
when the compound. bar is cut transversely at any point such pattern
will be reproduced on the sections.
The compound bar may be produced by forcing the soaps of different
colour or quality while in a plastic condition simultaneously through a
serics of dics or apertures having the desired configuration and arranged
closely side by side so that the several strips issuing from the dies, and

page_text: which may be either solid or hollow, will unite to form the compound
bar immediately on issuing from the dies. For this purpose each such
die would be made to communicate with a separate receptacle con-
taining the soap of a particular colour or quality, and having a piston
or other known contrivance for forcing the soap through the die. Or
the several strips of soap might be formed separately, and be combined
-afterwards-either-when-still-in-a-plastic-condition,-or-the-separate-strips-
may be combined after hardening by cementing them together with
plastic or liquid soap.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN STANDS OR APPARATUS FOR HOLDING BOOKS, PAPERS, AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND ALSO FOR ADJUSTING THE SAME
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph May Bell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
February 1875.
I, JOSEPH MAY BELL, of 12, Church Street, Greenwich, in the County
of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STANDS OR APPARATUS FOR HOLDING BOOKS, PAPERS, AND OTHER
ARTICLES, AND ALSO FOR ADJUSTING THE SAME," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to stands on or to which book holders, also
glasses and other frames can be fitted or attached, such frames being
capable of a swinging and also a tilting and a rising and falling action
to suit the desired position at which the frames have to be adjusted.
The stand proper of the apparatus has a hollow stem, in which a rod
is capable of being adjusted as to height, the rod having a rack or
notched face into the hollows of which a kind of nut can be caused to
take when desired. The nut is so made that on, say, a quarter
revolution being imparted to it, a full part is disengaged from the notch
of the rod to enable the rod to be lifted or lowered, the nut being after-
wards turned back to engage its full part into a fresh notch, and thus to
hold the rod at the desired elevation:

page_text: The frame of the book or other holder has a quadrant rack plate on
its under side, and this takes into and through a slot of another plate
projecting from the rod or from a support upon the rod, or it may be a
stem dropped through a socket. Beneath this rack I fit a tumbler or
lever whose free end has a cord and tassel attached, and which when
pulled upon lifts the opposite end and also the rack tooth from the slot
of the plate, the frame can then be set at the desired angle and become
fixed in that position on the cord being let go.
The stand, stem, or the rod can have a disc or other frame attached to
serve as a table, this having a swinging motion and fasteners so that it
can be set at the desired height and position.
I purpose when I fit a glass, say a looking-glass, on to the upper
frame to arrange a hinged frame to one side, and this when folded over
the glass serves as a reading stand or desk; this frame can be so fitted
that when lowered it may serve as a dressing table.
Other appliances can be fitted or attached to the frames on the stand,
stem, or upon the rod to facilitate their use in the various positions or
purposes for which they are intended.
The central rod may be wholly or partially hollow to facilitate the
fitting of gas burners or brackets thereto or thereon, or gas branch
sockets can be attached.
A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOUND OR SUBSTANCE TO BE USED FOR PRESERVING IRON AND WOODEN SHIPS, AND WHICH MAY ALSO BE EMPLOYED FOR RENDERING WOODEN PARTITIONS AND BEAMS IN BUILDINGS LESS INFLAMMABLE
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Denniston at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
April 1875.
I, PETER DENNISTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Merchant and Shipowner, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOUND OR SUBSTANCE TO BE USED
FOR PRESERVING IRON AND WOODEN SHIPS, AND WHICH MAY ALSO BE EMPLOYED
FOR RENDERING WOODEN PARTITIONS AND BEAMS IN BUILDINGS LESS INFLAMMABLE,"
to be as follows, that is to say :—
This Invention which relates to a new or improved compound or
substance to be used for rendering the bottoms both of iron and wooden
ships less liable to corrosion and decay, and also for preventing barnacles
and seaweeds from adhering thereto, consists of a compound of silicate
of soda and a poison prepared and applied in the manner herein-after
described. The silicate of soda is concentrated by boiling to a thick
consistency, and when in the hot state a mineral poison such as arsenic
or its compounds or other analogous thereto is mixed with it, in the
proportion of from 1 to 2 ounces of arsenic to the gallon of soluble

page_text: silicate of soda. The substance in this state, either hot or cold, is ready
for being applied to the surfaces to be covered therewith, and this is
effected by laying it on with a brush after the manner of a thick paint.
In addition to protecting the bottoms of ships the soluble silicate of
soda without a mineral poison is used for coating the inside or any
portions thereof and especially the woodwork as a protection from fire,
and the soluble silicate of soda either alone or with arsenic or its
equivalent mixed therewith is applied to the woodwork of buildings as
a protection from fire.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONTRACTION AND STRENGTHENING OF THE BARRELS OF BREECHLOADING SHOT GUNS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by John Rigby and William
Middleditch Scott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 27th January 1875.
We, JOHN RIGBY, of Dublin, Ireland, and WILLIAM MIDDLEDITCH
SCOTT, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for." IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONTRACTION
AND STRENGTHENING OF THE BARRELS OF BREECHLOADING SHOT GUNS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in contracting and
strengthening the barrels of breech-loading, shot guns, whereby the
discharge or delivery of the shot therefrom in a more concentrated
and effectual manner than heretofore is ensured, whilst by two of
the methods embraced by this Invention the barrel is materially
strengthened.
Under one modification of this Invention the muzzle end of the barrel
is contracted and at the same time strengthened by passing an external
tube of steel or other suitable metal over the same, such external tube

page_text: being either driven on and attached by soldering or in any other well-
known manner, or being first heated and then shrunk upon the barrel as
well understood.
:
In the case of double-barrelled guns the two external contracting tubes
may be formed of one piece of metal.
Under another modification of this Invention the contraction and
strengthening of the muzzle end of the barrel are obtained by leaving
or having additional thickness of metal on the outside of that part of
the barrel, and afterwards transferring such additional metal to the
inside thereof by means of external pressure, and thus producing the
required contraction.
Another modification, which forms part of this Invention, consists in
making an annular depression by suitable and well-known means on the
exterior of the barrel near the muzzle thereof, whereby a corresponding
annular contraction is produced in the interior of the barrel. The object
and effect of such contraction of the barrel is to cause the shot to be
delivered more closely, and to prevent its divergence after it escapes
from the barrel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SOFTENING, GRAINING, OR BOARDING' LEATHER AND OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Lee at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th June
1875.
I, RICHARD LEE, of Philadelphia, in the United States of America,
but at present residing in Huddersfield, in the County of York, Ourrier,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SOFTENING, GRAINING, OR BOARDING' LEATHER
AND OTHER MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to soften leather, or what is technically
known by graining or "boarding" leather or other material, which is
done by disturbing the surface or raising the grain of leather; and
hitherto this has been done by hand labor, and consequently been both
slow and expensive. Now my Invention is intended to effect this object
by mechanical means; and the improvements consist in the employment
of a table worked too and fro by rack and pinion or other equivalent
means, upon which table the leather is placed, being first bent or
doubled over to lay square or parallel thereon. Above this table a frame
is employed containing a series of "graining boards," i.e., boards
similarly constructed as those now used by hand laborours. On the top

page_text: of these "graining boards" springs are placed to regulate the required
pressure on the said graining boards.
•
The aforesaid frame with the graining boards therein has a too-and-
fro movement imparted to it by crank or other means, which gives a
rolling motion to the band or that portion of the leather which is
doubled over, and at the same time the table referred to is slowly
moving away, or receeding from its first position until it has travelled
the length required, when the leather is taken off the table and turned
round, and the other half or portion of the said leather is fixed on the
table under the graining boards and operated upon in like manner, until 1
the whole piece of leather has been softened or "grained."
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BRACES, BELTS, WRISTBANDS, PURSES, POCKET BOOKS, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Garner Pendleton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on the
28th January 1875.
I, HENRY GARNER PENDLETON, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BRACES, BELTS, WRISTBANDS, PURSES, POCKET
BOOKS, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object improvements in fastenings for the
various articles, such as braces, belts, wristbands, purses, and pocket
books.
In carrying out my said Invention I prefer to construct my fastening
in three parts, a "front," a "back," and "pushers."
In order to exemplify the mode of applying my said Invention I will
describe the fastening when adapted to a brace.
The "front" is made of any desirable pattern, and with any of the
usual arrangements for attaching the brace ends. Parts are bent to.
form two sides with suitable pieces for securing it to the "back." The

page_text: "back" is cut to fit the sides of the "front," and secured in so as to
leave a space between the "back" and "front." In the "back" is a
tongue forming a spring, at the loose end of which is one or more teeth,
inclined so that the points touch or nearly touch the "front."
The "pushers" are pieces projecting from the sides of the fastener;
one or two may be used, and are arranged so that by the action of
pushing them in the tongue is raised. They may be placed outside the
back, or between the back and front, suitable guides and stops being.
made to regulate their movements.
When the fastener is being used the end of the brace is inserted]
between the back and front; the pushers are pressed in, raising the
tongue and teeth, and allowing a free passage for the brace.
When the pushers are released, the tongue acting as a spring forces
them out and forces the teeth into the brace, thus sccuring it.
By raising the tongue again. with the pushers the teeth are withdrawn 1
from the brace, and it can be moved to any position. A piece of the
back is bent to hold the brace against the front, and prevent it being
raised with the teeth when they are raised.
For fasteners for other kinds of articles I attach the fastener to one
side and a piece of metal or other material to the other, the metal having a
a hole or holes in it or notches at the sides into which the teeth may
enter; or I modify the back, putting two tongues on, and bend it so
that a tongue is brought to cach side, which catch in the notches in the
metal.
AN IMPROVED SYRINGE FOR SURGICAL PURPOSES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Perrot Princo at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th July 1875.
I, JAMES PERROT PRINCE, of Davies Street, in the County of Middle-
sex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
SYRINGE FOR SURGICAL PURPOSES," to be as follows
-
My Invention relates to an improved syringe for surgical purposes,
such as the cure of certain diseases and the cleansing of deep wounds,
and the object of my improvement is to prevent the injection of the
liquid beyond the point where the action is required
My improvement consists in so disposing the orifice or orifices of the
neck or nozzle of the syringe, that the liquid contained shall be
discharged or ejected backwards along the neck towards the point at
which the syringe is introduced. To this end the tubular neck or
nozzle of the syringe is made of sufficient length to reach beyond the
part to be treated, and it terminates preferably in a slightly enlarged
head or hollow bulb provided with one or more backwardly directed
orifices, through which the liquid is discharged.
AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF AND APPAratus FOR EXTRACTING MERCURY AND OTHER VOLATILE METALS FROM THEIR ORES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th March 1875.-A communication from abroad by Hippolyte
Berrens, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF AND APPAratus
FOR EXTRACTING MERCURY AND OTHER VOLATILE METALS FROM THEIR ORES," to be
as follows:-
The extraction of mercury and other volatile metals from their ores
has hitherto been attended with considerable loss, owing to the defective
nature of the arrangements of the furnaces which are necessary for the
reduction of the ores. It has been found that all the mercurial vapour
is not precipitated or condensed on account of the difficulty with which
it is separated from the uncondensable gases that accompany it from the
furnace; consequently, although the specific gravity of the mercurial
vapour is so great that a large portion is precipitated as it passes through

page_text: By this method of distillation of mercurial ores the furnace may be
kept in active operation all the year round, instead of being closed
during the summer months, as is generally the practice with the apparatus
now in use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STRAW ELEVATORS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Greig at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
April 1875.
I, GEORGE GREIG, of Harvieston, Stonehaven, in the County of
Kincardine, Scotland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STRAW ELEVATORS," to be as follows:-
--
This Invention has for its object improvements in straw elevators.
My Invention consists in so combining a straw clevator with a portable
thrashing machine, that the thrashing machine serves as the support and
carriage for the elevator, thus greatly increasing the compactness and
portability of the machinery.
According to my Invention I carry the straw elevator from that part
of the thrashing machine from which the straw is delivered backwards
over the top of the machine, and in this way raise the straw on the same
ground on which the machine is standing. The straw elevator is jointed
so as to allow of the delivery being regulated for different heights, and
when not working it can be folded and lowered on to the top of the
thrashing machine.

page_text: When required to work it can be straightened and raised to a con-
venient height above the machine, and supported in that position by
means of an adjustable prop.
The thrashing machine is provided with gearing suitable for driving
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING AND LEAVING OMNIBUSES, TRAMWAY CARS, THEATRES, AND SIMILAR PLACES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rudolph Wappenstein at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th April 1875.
I, RUDOLPH WAPPENSTEIN, of Islington, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING
AND LEAVING OMNIBUSES, TRAMWAY CARS, THEATRES, AND SIMILAR PLACES," to
be as follows:
-
This apparatus consists of two boxes or compartments, one above the
other, and divided from each other by a perforated division plate, which
perforations are opened and closed by slides, which slides are actuated by
hand or connection with a turnstile.
The two boxes are divided into corresponding divisions or com-
partments, and in the upper box are placed pins, discs, or counters,
which fall through the perforated division plate into the bottom box
when the slides are actuated as above stated, upon a person entering or
leaving the place of resort in which the apparatus may be fixed. The
said pins, discs, or counters, are colored or figured to denote the "fare" or
"charge" to be paid.

page_text: In the case of a vehicle, such as a tramway car, the apparatus is fitted
up as described, and counters colored or figured to denote the fare to
be paid between different stations or sections of the route are placed in
the upper box, and the boxes are divided into the requiste number of
divisions; that is, if there are five stations the boxes are divided into an
equal number of divisions for the different fares. Now on the entry
of a person at any station along the route or intermediate point the slide
is actuated, and thereupon a counter falls into the lower box, thus
showing how many persons have entered and at what stations.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' DRESS IMPROVERS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Leslie Fyfe and
Charles Harris at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd February 1875.
We, ALEXANDER LESLIE FYFE and CHARLES HARRIS, both of
Aldersgate, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' DRESS IMPROVERS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to an improved manufacture of ladies' dress
improvers, and consists in the employment for this purpose of the fabric
called buckram, or in the combination with this fabric of certain other
fabrics hereafter described, the article being moulded into shape by.
pressure in dies aided by heat.
According to our Invention we take a piece of buckram of sufficient
size, or a piece of buckram covered with a piece of swansdown cloth,
which is then covered with a piece of calico or other suitable fabric
coated on the inside with india-rubber, and mould the several thicknesses
or the buckram in heated metal dies of the corrugated form it is desired
to make the dress improver. By the action of the pressure and heat

page_text: the buckram will be permanently moulded of the desired form; and when
a combination of several fabrics is used, the whole are glued and
cemented together, the buckram to the swansdown by the glutinous
material with which the former is dressed, and the calico to the
swansdown by the layer of india-rubber. After being moulded as above
described, the dress improver is bound and trimmed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN FINISHING WOOLLEN FABRICS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Fox and John Henry
Fox at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 27th January 1875.
We, GEORGE Fox and JOHN HENRY Fox, of Carlinghow, Batley, in
the County of York, Woollen Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN FINISHING WOOLLEN FABRICS," to be as follows:
1
This Invention relates to machinery to be employed for producing
what we call the "lamb skin" finish upon woollen fabrics. After the
cloth has come from the raising gig we pass it through a "setting up"
machine, the bed of which consists of a board placed edgewise so as to
offer a very small portion of the cloth to the action of the brush employed
for setting up "the fibres. The cloth is next passed through a
"napping" machine, the rubbing action of which is reciprocatory and
not circular, as in the ordinary machine. As the fabric passes through
the machine the "set up" fibres are knitted or worked together, and
laid in a direction parallel with the length of the cloth.
65'
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING IRON WIRE WITH A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROTECTING THE SAME FROM THE ACTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Septimus Kenyon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th August 1875.
I, SEPTIMUS KENYON, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Chemist and Druggist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING IRON WIRE WITH A NEW OR
IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROTECTING THE SAME FROM THE
ACTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE," to be as follows:-
Hitherto it has been the practice to dip iron wire into oil in a boiling
state in order to protect it from the action of the atmosphere, but the
present Invention consists in treating iron wire with a composition
made as follows:-I dissolve asphaltum and resin in mineral spirit such
as benzole bottoms or other similar heavy spirits or oils, to which I have
previously added resin spirit and drying oil, and to this composition I
add petroleum spirit. I then dip the iron wire into such composition
without subjecting it to any heat, and when dry the composition will
form a coating upon the wire capable of resisting the action of the
atmosphere.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR RETAINING WINDOW BLINDS IN ANY POSITION
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Winter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th August
1875.
I, WILLIAM WINTER, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
dcclare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR RETAINING WINDOW BLINDS IN ANY
POSITION," to be as follows:-
REQUIRED
My Invention consists of an arrangement or self-acting apparatus,
whereby the cords of window blinds are drawn to the required degree of
tension for the purpose of retaining the blind in any required position,
and also compensates for the expansion or contraction in the length of
the cord caused by the varying state and temperature of the atmosphere
or other circumstances, and is as hereafter described.
Instead of the ordinary cord "rack” I employ a bracket, in or on
which is secured an elastic band or ring to which the sliding pulley
block is attached. The sliding pulley block being attached to the clastic

page_text: band or ring which gives and takes as may be required by the expansion.
or contraction of the cord, retains the blind in any required position and
degree of tension.
The above apparatus may be placed in the position occupied by the
ordinary cord "rack."
AN IMPROVED AERIAL VESSEL FOR MARITIME AND FLUVIAL NAVIGATION
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th September 1875.-A communication from abroad by
Barthélemy Picard, Gentleman, and Adolphe Laurent Vicar, both
of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France.
I, ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of No. 6, Southampton Buildings,
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED AERIAL VESSEL FOR
MARITIME AND FLUVIAL NAVIGATION," a communication from from abroad
by Barthélemy Picard, Gentleman, and Adolphe Laurent Vicar, both
of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France, to be as follows :-
The aerial vessel, the subject of the present Invention, is suspended to
the axes of two wheel propellers; these consist of large air and water-
tight drums of a sufficient diameter and size as to always maintain the
vessel above the water, and they may or may not be provided with
paddles; the axis of each wheel is independent and worked by a separate
machine; by this means the wheels may be turned in opposite directions
when necessary for guiding the vessel, and thus obviating the employ-
ment of a rudder.

page_text: The machines forming the motive power of the propellers are
supported within the vessel and may be oscillating or otherwise, and are
of such a power that although worked at a mean speed, by reason of
the great size of the wheels the vessel is impelled at a rate not hitherto
attained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING OR PRINTING
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Alexander Martius at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th April 1875.
I, CARL ALEXANDER MARTIUS, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN DYEING OR PRINTING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in dyeing or printing with
aniline and other coal tar colors without the use of mordants now
necessary when those colors are employed. I effect this by the employ-
ment of the fatty salts of the bases of the aniline colors or the other
basic coal tar colors (for instance rosaṇilin or chrysanilin may be
employed with oleic or stearic acid) dissolved in alcohols or in the hydro-
carbons of the benzole and petroleum series, the above mentioned salts
being insoluble in water but soluble in the above named solvents.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OIL AND OTHER LIQUIDS FROM VESSELS CONTAINING THE SAME
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Fountain Woods at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd April 1875.
I, WILLIAM FOUNTAIN WOODS, of Markham Square, Chelsea, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OIL AND OTHER
LIQUIDS FROM VESSELS CONTAINING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to novel and simple apparatus which is designed
to be introduced into or fixed upon vessels containing petroleum or other
oil, or spirit or other liquid. It is chiefly intended for use in connection
with vessels for storing or carrying gaseous oils or other fluids, which
require careful management to prevent the formation and explosion of.
gases emanating from the said oil or fluid in the said vessels.
My said Invention is carried into practise as follows, that is to say :—
I take a tube of copper, brass, iron, or other suitable material, and of
such diameter and length as may be best suited to the form or capacity
of the vessel wherewith it is to be used. To one end of this tube I
secure adjustably or otherwise a funnel or cup which is provided with a

page_text: spring valve or other suitable valve or cock. To this tube I attach a
branch tube which extends laterally from the first named tube, and
which has at its end a delivery nozzle provided with a spring valve or
cock. This branch tube does not communicate with the main tube.
The said branch or delivery pipe or tube is united to the first named
tube without materially increasing the diameter at their place of union,
so that no obstruction may be offered thereby to the insertion of the
apparatus into and through a cork or other stopper with which the vessel
containing the oil or other fluid may be provided. And I may supply
the said apparatus in the above described form to be passed through
ordinary cork or other similar stoppers. But I prefer to provide the
said apparatus with a screw cap or stopper in which the said tubes are
soldered or otherwise tightly secured. The said cap may be formed with
either a male or female screw. When the said tubes are thus
secured in the stopper or cap the aperture of the branch or delivery tubc
is just below the said cap.
When the said apparatus is applied to a vessel for withdrawing
petroleum or other oil from the same, the first-named tube is used for
conducting water into the said vessel; the water being introduced into
the funnel, and its entrance being regulated by the valvo or cock
therein. This water displaces the oil, which then flows out of the branchi
or delivery tube and nozzle as long as the valve thereof is kept open. If
desired the water may be supplied to the inlet tube from a cistern or
tank through a flexible tube.
.
This improved apparatus may be made of any size or capacity and
may be very conveniently and quickly applied to any vessel either by.
inserting it through the stopper or in any other convenient manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Mutton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
November 1875.
I, ALFRED MUTTON, of No. 30, Russell Square, Brighton, in the
County of Sussex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said.
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES," to be as follows:-
I propose to make my improved roller skate with two or more rollers,
which rollers or pairs of rollers I purpose placing respectively at toe
and heel of body of skate. The rollers I mount upon axles having
in the case of using the four or two pairs of rollers two oval holes
between the rollers, and in the case of using one roller forward or at the
toe and the other at the heel I place oval holes outside the roller.
Under the sole plate project two studs or guides fitted with springs in
such manner that the said springs shall act on the axles carrying the
rollers.
The studs or guides are fixed at an angle towards the toe and heel
respectively, and pass through the oval holes in the axles herein-before
mentioned. The principle of this arrangement is that on pressing the sole

page_text: either to the right or the left with either foot, an easy gyratory motion
can be obtained by the wearer; in addition to which by the arrange-
ment of the springs the skate is made more flexible in action, and also
rendered much easier in use or working. One forked stud or guide at
each end of the sole plate may be used with suitable springs instead of
the two separate studs or guides.
I purpose making the studs or guides, the rollers, axles, and springs,
of any suitable metal or material and of any convenient form or
dimension, so long as the principle of my Invention is maintained, the
object of which is to produce a roller skate better adapted for its
peculiar purpose than any heretofore in use.
The rollers may be fitted with antifriction rollers in their axis if
required, and they may be varied in their breadths and diameters, if
wide they may be recessed as they approach their axis. I make the
body of skate of wood, metal, or any suitable
I attach the
skate to the foot of the wearer in any suitable way.
•
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SELF-ACTING FASTENERS FOR RAILWAY WAGGON OR OTHER DOORS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ellison at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th January
1875.
I, JOHN ELLISON, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SELF-ACTING FASTENERS FOR RAILWAY WAGGON
OR OTHER DOORS," to be as follows:-
-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the method of and
apparatus for self-acting fasteners for railway wagon doors.
The method of fastening in ordinary use with a pin and chain requires
a man to lift up the door whilst another secures the same with the pin,
which said pin attached to chain is liable to be caught by anything that
it comes in contact with, thus breaking the chain and loosing the pin,
when the wagon has often to travel with one pin or fastener which is
very objectionable.
The object of my improvement is to provide a ready and safe means of
fastening doors of railway or other wagons, so that the same can ho

page_text: applied to wagons in ordinary use without any alterations in the form or
construction of the doors. I accomplish this in the following manner :—
To the framework at the top side of the wagon immediately over the
door and opposite to the wrought-iron hinge or other plates I fix my
improved apparatus, which consists of a metal block secured to frame-
work having a recess the entire depth of the same, which is wider at the
back or the side next the wagon than the front, which can be made of
various sections, the section I prefer is Va., similar to the base of a
common slide rest used in an ordinary slide lathe, except the latter is
made parallel throughout; and I make mine a little wider at the top
than at the bottom; into the said recess I put a stopper the same section
and taker, into the back of which I fix a stud that slides in a slot formed
in the back of metal block, so that when once the stopper is in the block
it is impossible for the same to be taken out and lost, as is the case, with
the ordinary method of fastening with pin and chain at the bottom side
of the metal block, and next the door is a pap with a spring attached to
the back for pressing the same outwards from the wagon and keeping
stopper clear when the door is down, when the door is lifted up against
the pap and pressed back until the same is clear of the stopper, which
will then fall and have safe hold of the door and cannot be unfastened
without human aid, the stopper having always a tendency to fall down-
wards and get more hold of the door.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BLACKING
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Cane Coombe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th January 1875.
I, JAMES CANE COOMBE, of Barnsbury, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BLACKING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a blacking for leather and such like, made
by a combination of the whole or some of the ingredients hereafter
mentioned.
In carrying out my said Invention I prefer to proceed as follows:-
I take a certain quantity of the ordinary starch and dissolve same in hot
or boiling water as is usually done, and whilst hot I introduce into the
starch, oil, wax, or any suitable greasy matter, and stir the mixture, and
same is allowed to cool. When the mixture is cold a small quantity of
iodine dissolved in spirits of wine is added, and the result of the addition
of the iodine is that the mixture is converted into a bluish black color.
To a gallon (more or less) of the above mixture I add about eight ounces
(more or less) of a solution of per-choloride or other per-salts of iron, and

page_text: also a small quantity of gallic or tannic acids, singly or mixed, and
following this, I sometimes mix about two drachms of oil of cloves with
eight ounces of glycerine (more or less) and thoroughly stir the whole.
This forms a very superior blacking for all general purposes, but if it be
required to make a blacking of a different quality, then to the above
mixture any suitable carbon black may be added, as for instance ivory
black, and drop black (freed or not from phosphate of lime), vegetable
black, lamp black, and such like, and about four ounces of freshly
precipitated Prussian blue,
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PUMPING OR EXHAUSTING LIQUIDS OR GASES, AND FORCING FLUIDS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harry Whiteside Cook at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th March 1875.
I, HARRY WHITESIDE COOK, of Stondon Massey, in the County of
Essex, Barrister-at-Law, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PUMPING OR EXHAUSTING LIQUIDS OR
GASES, AND FORCING FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in exhausting liquids or gases, or creating a
vacuum in any suitable vessel whereby liquids or gases may be forced to
pass along any confined tube, channel, or conduit by the action of an
intermittent jet of steam, which if allowed to act in a long chamber
communicating with the liquid or fluid to be moved, will first producea
vacuum in the said chamber by forcing out the air contained therein, and
the liquid or fluid to be moved will immediately flow in to partially fill
up the vacuum, and by a rapid succession of puffs or jets of steam will
ultimately be forced forward into any desired conduit or channel. The
jets of steam must be arranged to succeed each other at intervals so
timed that immediately the vacuum has ceased to exert the power of

page_text: exhaustion, a second jet of steam shall be emitted and thus keep up the
exhausting action.
When the Invention is adapted for forcing air or gases for blast
purposes, the jets of steam are driven into a long tube or channel, which
communicates at its further end with a close chamber in which the air 5
when expelled from the long channel is condensed, and is allowed to
issue under the resulting pressure from any suitable aperture provided for
the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM CRANES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Browne at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th March 1875.-A communication from abroad by Pierre
Caillard and Victor Caillard, trading under the name of Caillard,
Brothers, both of Paris, in the French Republic.
I, ALEXANDER BROWNE, of the Firm of Browne and Company, Patent
Agents, of 5, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the County of Middle-
sex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM CRANES," a communication to him from abroad
by Pierre Caillard and Victor Caillard, trading under the name of
Caillard, Brothers, both of Paris, in the French Republic, to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in a combination of levers whereby different
parts of the steam crane may be put in motion either separately or
simultaneously.
Firstly. A main lever is attached to the excentric keyed on the shaft
of the intermediate pinion between the driving wheel and the wheel on
the drum axle, which on receiving a vertical or up-and-down motion

page_text: will put the said intermediate pinion in or out of gear with the wheel
on the drum axle, thereby starting or stopping the said drum. The said
main lever is connected to the excentric in such a manner that it may
receive a horizontal motion for the purpose hereafter described.
Secondly. A series of levers and shafts connect the aforesaid main
lever with the valve for the admission of steam to the cylinder of the
crane, and on a horizontal or to-and-fro motion being imparted thereto
the valve will be moved up or down and the driving shaft of the crane
put in motion or stopped according to the direction in which the said
lever is moved. It will be seen by the above arrangement of levers
connected with a main lever as aforesaid that the engine and crane will
be acted upon simultaneously or separately by the action of one lever
instead of two, as heretofore.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAK ENGINES OR ENGINES FOR THE MORE EFFICIENT USE OF STEAM FOR DRIVING MACHINERY
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Turnock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho 5th
January 1875.
I, JOSEPH TURNOCK, of Purland Chase, Ross, in the County of
Hereford, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAK ENGINES OR ENGINES FOR THE MORE EFFICIENT
USE OF STEAM FOR DRIVING MACHINERY," to be as follows :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in steam engines or
engines for the more efficient use of steam for driving machinery.
The engine consists of a fly wheel cogged on its outer rim or edge or
formed with cavities in its periphery to receive steam from a chost held
in contact with it, and constructed to deliver the steam supply into the
cavities in such a manner as to cause the fly or cogged wheel to revolve
on its bearings in such a way as to give motive power to any kind of
machinery.
The diagram annexed to this Specification illustrates the Invention.
AN IMPROVED 'LADIES' COMPENDIUM' OR APPLIANCE FOR HOLDING BUTTONS, PINCUSHIONS, THIMBLES, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Parkes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
December 1875.
I, THOMAS PARKES, of Brettell Lane, near Stourbridge, in the County
3 of Stafford, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED 'LADIES' COMPENDIUM' OR APPLIANCE
FOR HOLDING BUTTONS, PINCUSHIONS, THIMBLES, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES," to be
as follows:-
The said "compendium" is made preferably of metal and is con-
structed in the following manner :-A bolt having a head at the top and
a nut on the bottom acts as the stiffener and fastener to the whole
structure of the "compendium."
Most of the parts are threaded on to the said bolt and in the following

page_text: Second. A flat plate (preferably circular) having the opening through
its centro for threading on to the bolt, and having also holes through it
near the circumference for a purpose presently shown.
Third. A hollow pillar or distance piece.
AN IMPROVED ‘POLE- AXE' OR INSTRUMENT FOR SLAUGHTERING ANIMALS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Booth Hewitt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th January 1875.
I, JAMES BOOTH HEWITT, of West Ham, in the County of Essex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ‘POLE-
AXE' OR INSTRUMENT FOR SLAUGHTERING ANIMALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved poleaxe or instrument for
slaughtering animals, whereby absolute certainty in the delivery of the
blow is ensured, both as regards force and direction without any skill
being required on the part of the slaughterer, whereas with the ordinary
poleaxe wielded by hand usually employed hitherto the blow is
uncertain owing to movements of the animal, and from other causes
which render it frequently necessary for even a skilled operator to strike
several times in order to fell the animal, thereby causing unnecessary
torture.
My Invention consists in a mechanical poleaxe composed of a plate
provided with straps or other attachments, by which it is securely fixed
to the front of the animal's head. Upon this plate is mounted a lever

page_text: arm, which carries at its free extremity the punch intended to penetrate
the skull of the animal. This lever or striker which is operated by
powerful springs and resembles in its action the cock or hammer of a
gun, is provided with a tail piece adapted to be retained by a trigger
catch also mounted on the plate. When the lover arm or striker is
drawn back or cocked for use, a safety bolt or equivalent device is also
provided to prevent the lever or striker being permaturely released from
the trigger whilst the instrument is being attached to the head of the
animal. The trigger may be pulled by means of a line, so that an
animal which has fallen and broken a leg for example, need not be made
to rise in order to kill it as when the ordinary poleaxe is used, the
instrument of my Invention acting equally well in any position of the
animal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS RENDER THEM APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomas Milson Hircock
and Robert Hempstead at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th May 1875.
We, JOHN THOMAS MILSON HIRCOOк, of Upwell, in the County of
Cambridge, and ROBERT HEMPSTEAD, of Grantham, in the County of
Lincoln, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS RENDER THEM
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES,” to be as follows:
The horse hoe consists as heretefore of a frame supported on two or
more wheels and provided with. suitable brackets or supports, from or by
which the hoe levers, weighted or otherwise, are held on the lever
supporting or "vibrating bar." On or near the ends of the hoe levers
we attach chains which lead up to hooks on small levers, by which
means when hoeing "gore work" each hoe may be raised separately
and independently of the others until the headland is reached. On the
main frame of the machine we attach a frame or bar on which the last
mentioned levers are mounted, and by means of which we can take up.
all the said levers at once by the hand or foot acting upon a suitable -

page_text: We also mount on the frame of the machine a "drill box," and we
provide the machine with suitable conductors as will be well understood
for seed or manure, so that when required the machine may by the
substitution of "coulters" for the hoes be used either as a seed or
5 manure drill. ·