An Improved Hydrocarbon Motor.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th July, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 7th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Hydrocarbon Motor.
I, NOËL SEUNIER, of 96, Rue de Longchamp, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a hydrocarbon motor which is characterized by the
utilization of the two last strokes for obtaining the mixture of carburetted air, and it
has consequently a cycle of six strokes permitting the maximum effort with a
small volume and the minimum of expense.
My apparatus comprises essentially a suitable frame upon which two cylinders are
mounted cantilever-wise, one on each side of the driving shaft. The two pistons are
connected one with the other by a frame forming a slide-way for the cross head or
slide block, the position of which frame is assured by means of guides and sockets.
The motion is transmitted to the driving shaft by means of a disc or crank, crank pin,
and cross-head or slide block.
The faces of the cylinders being both driving faces, the maximum of work is
obtained with parts of the smallest dimensions since in this manner I obviate the
necessity for the two lengths of connecting-rod which would be required in order to
actuate the driving shaft with such an arrangement, that is to say, with a motor
having its two cylinders upon each side of the driving shaft.
An intermediate shaft running at one third the speed of the driving shaft imparts
its motion to a distributing shaft carrying cams.
A box or chamber carries the distributing mechanisın. The valve for the admission
of the air is automatic in its action; the admission of the carburetted gases is effected
through another valve acted upon by a lever which latter is actuated by one of the
cams on the distributing shaft.
Another box or chamber contains the discharge mechanism; the discharge
valve for the burned gases, and the air discharge valve both being operated by
suitable levers.
In order to ensure the best possible preparation of the gas, two strokes of the motor
are utilized for that purpose.
The working of my improved motor is as follows, considering one side of the cylinder
only.
During the first forward stroke, the piston draws in air through the air inlet valve
and carburetted vapors through the valve for that purpose, both in predetermined
proportions. The second stroke (backward) serves to prepare the explosive mixture
by compressing it. At the instant when the piston is about to effect its third stroke
(forward) an electric.spark passing between the two terminal points of an electric
igniting device ignites the mixture and drives the piston forward, and this forms
the driving stroke. The fourth stroke (backward) forces the products of combustion
through their outlet valve. The fifth stroke (forward) effects the suction of fresh
air the temperature of which rises to a certain extent owing to its contact with
the walls of the cylinder which are raised to a fairly high temperature by the
phases of the two preceding strokes. The sixth stroke (backward) forces this air
through the air discharge valve into a carburettor. As already stated, the

page_text: characteristic feature of this motor consists in the utilization of the two last
strokes for obtaining the mixture of carburetted air. This is consequently a
six-stroke-cycle motor.
The cams are regulated in such a manner that the operations above described
As the motor has two
take place upon every third revolution of the shaft.
cylinders and is double acting, this gives four driving or effective strokes out of
six, that is to say a stroke and a half per, revolution instead of an effective stroke
every second revolution or an effective stroke per revolution for two cylinder
motors which is what occurs in motors as hitherto constructed.
The carburettor consists of a reservoir provided with a gauge indicating the quantity
of liquid contained therein.
A cylinder closed at one of its extremities, has at its lower part a nozzle which enters
the liquid in the reservoir; a second nozzle concentric to the first serves to conduct
the hot air coming from the cylinder. This second nozzle exerts an effect of suction
upon the liquid, the hot air is mixed with it and is projected into the cylinder in the
form of spray, and thus forms an intimate mixture of hot air with the liquid. A well
prepared and pure gas is thus obtained. The slight pressure which is occasioned in
the immersed cylinder forces the liquid into the reservoir until the pressure in the
latter is equal to that in the cylinder. When the pressure becomes too great in the
immersed cylinder, a regulator situated upon the side of the reservoir, prevents
the admission of a fresh quantity of hot air.
This regulator or governor is formed by a cylinder provided with two valves acted
upon by two springs, the tension of which is regulated by two screws. Its method
of action is as follows:
The air is admitted through a suitable pipe or opening; a valve the spring of
which is at a less tension than the spring of the other valve rises and allows the air
to escape through another opening and proceed in the direction of the nozzle at the
lower part of the reservoir. When the pressure commences to rise in this latter, it
acts by means of a suitable pipe upon the rear face of the first mentioned valve and
adds its effect to that of the spring, whereupon the tension upon this latter becomes
superior to that of the other valve. The air which now reaches the regulator from
the cylinders, is expelled by the regulator and escapes through any suitable
opening.
In this manner an exceedingly constant pressure is obtained in the carburettor,
which pressure may be regulated according to the greater or less amount of carbon
in the liquid employed: gasoline, spirit, petroleum or even methylated spirit.
In addition to this, as the action of the sprayer makes itself felt at the lower part
of the liquid mass, it follows that it is always the heaviest substances which are first
vaporized and utilized. The carburetting properties of the liquid are thus preserved
from the beginning to the end without leaving any residuum. Not only is the
minimum of expenditure occasioned owing to these advantages, but also owing to
the utilization of a portion of the heat absorbed by the walls of the cylinder.
The type of motor which I have described is double acting, but it will of course be
understood that according to its applications this motor may be either single or
double acting.
I may also vary the form, and details of construction of my apparatus without
thereby departing in any way from the spirit of my invention.
1007

page_text: I, NOËL SEUNIER, of 96, Rue de Longchamp, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to a hydrocarbon motor which is characterised by the
utilisation of the two last strokes for obtaining the mixture of carburetted air, and
it has consequently a cycle of six strokes, permitting the maximum effort with a small
volume and the minimum of expense.
In order that my invention may be readily understood I will now describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is illustrated by way
of example only.
Figure 1 shews a partial longitudinal section and partial external elevation of one
of the sides of my motor as a whole in its application to a motor vehicle.
Figure 2 is an elevation of a portion of the other side, shewing the distributing
mechanism.
Figure 3 is a cross-section on the line 1-2 of Figure 1, drawn to an enlarged
scale.
Figure 4 is a cross-section on the axis of the driving shaft.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through the carburettor.
Figure 6 is a cross section through the same.
Figure 7 is a vertical longitudinal section through the governor, on the line 3—4 in
Figure 6, drawn to an enlarged scale.
Šimilar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all of the drawing.
My apparatus comprises essentially a suitable frame A upon which two cylinders C
are mounted cantilever-wise one on each side of the driving shaft B. The two pistons a
are connected one with the other by a frame D forming a slide-way for the cross head
or slide block f the position of which frame is assured by means of guides b and
Bockets c. The motion is transmitted to the driving shaft B by means of crank disc d
crank pin e and cross-head or slide block f.
The faces of the cylinders being both driving faces, the maximum of work is
obtained with parts of the smallest dimensions, since in this manner I obviate
the necessity for the two lengths of connecting-rod which would be required in
order to actuate the driving shaft with such an arrangement, that is to say, with
a motor having its two cylinders upon each side of the driving shaft.
An intermediate shaft E running at one third the speed of the driving shaft B
imparts its motion to a distributing shaft F carrying cams G.
The box or chamber H carries the distributing mechanism. The valve g for the
admission of the air is automatic in its action, the admission of the carburetted
gases is effected through another valve h acted upon by a lever i which latter is
actuated by one of the cams G on the distributing shaft.
Another box or chamber I contains the discharge valve; the lever transmits its
motion to the discharge valve m for the burned gases, the lever n to the air discharge
valve o.
In order to ensure the best possible preparation of the gas, two strokes of the
motor are utilised for that purpose.
The operation of my improved motor is as follows, considering one side of the
cylinder only.
During the first forward stroke, the piston draws in air through the air inlet
valve g and carburetted vapours through the valve h, both in predetermined
proportions. The second stroke (backward) serves to prepare the explosive mixture

page_text: by compressing it. At the instant when the piston is about to effect its third stroke
forward an electric spark passing between the two terminal points of an electric
igniting device arranged at p, ignites the mixture and drives the piston forward and
this forins the driving stroke. The fourth stroke backward forces the products of
combustion through. their outlet valve m. The fifth stroke forward effects the
suction of fresh air the temperature of which rises to a certain extent owing to its
contact with the walls of the cylinder which are raised to a fairly high temperature
by the phases of the two preceding strokes. The sixth stroke (backward) forces this
air through the air discharge valve o into a carburettor J. As already stated, the
characteristic feature of this motor consists in the utilisation of the two last strokes
for obtaining the mixture of carburetted air. This is consequently a six stroke
cycle motor.
.
The cams are regulated in such a manner that the operations above described take
place upon every third revolution of the shaft. As the motor has two cylinders and
is double acting, this gives four driving or effective strokes out of six, that is to say a
stroke and a half per revolution instead of an effective stroke every second revolution
or an effective stroke per revolution for two cylinder motors which is what occurs in
motors as hitherto constructed.
The carburettor consists of a reservoir J provided with a gauge 9 indicating the
quantity of liquid contained therein.
A cylinder r, closed at one of its extremities, has at its lower part a nozzles which
enters the liquid in the reservoir; a second nozzle t concentric to the first serves to
conduct the hot air coming from the cylinders. This second nozzle t exerts an effect
of suction upon the liquid, the hot air is mixed with it and is projected into the
cylinder in the form of spray, and thus forms an intimate mixture of hot air with
the liquid. A well prepared and pure gas is thus obtained. The slight pressure
which is occasioned in the immersed cylinder r, forces the liquid into the reservoir
until the pressure in the latter is equal to that in the cylinder. When the
pressure becomes too great in the immersed cylinder, a regulator k, situated upon the
side of the reservoir, prevents the admission of a fresh quantity of hot air.
This regulator or governor k is formed by a cylinder provided with two valves v
and w acted upon by two springs v¹, w¹, the tension of which is regulated by two
screws 1, 12. Its method of action is as follows:
The admission of the air takes place at ; the valve, v the spring v¹ of which is at
a smaller tension than the spring of the valve w, rises and allows the air to escape
through the opening x and proceed in the direction of the nozzle at the lower part
of the reservoir.
When the pressure commences to rise in this latter, it acts by means of the
pipe y upon the rear face of the valve v and adds its effect to that of the spring,
whereupon the tension upon this latter becomes superior to that of the other valve w.
The air which now reaches the regulator from the cylinders, is expelled by the
regulator and escapes through any suitable opening z.
In this manner an exceedingly constant pressure is obtained in the carburettor,
which pressure may be regulated according to the greater or less amount of carbon
in the liquid employed; gasoline, spirit, petroleum or even methylated spirit.
In addition to this, as the action of the sprayer makes itself felt at the lower part
of the liquid mass, it follows that it is always the heaviest substances which are
first vaporised and utilised. The carburetting properties of the liquid are thus pre-
served from the beginning to the end without leaving any residuum.
Not only
is the minimum of expenditure occasioned owing to these advantages, but also owing
to the utilisation of a portion of the heat absorbed by the walls of the cylinders.
The type of motor which I have described is double acting but it will of course
be understood that according to its applications, this motor may be either single or
double acting.
I may also vary the form and details of construction of my apparatus without
thereby departing in any way from the spirit of my invention.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. An improved hydrocarbon motor, comprising two cylinders C, mounted
cantilever-wise on each side of the motor shaft B; of the pistons connected by a
frame D forming a slide which can be moved by the sockets c on the guides b; a
crank disc d fixed on the motor shaft B receiving the movement of the crank pin e
through the cross head f.
2. In the hydrocarbon motor referred to in the first claim, the combination of an
intermediate shaft E and of a shaft F provided with cams G which operate the
distributing mechanism carried by the box H, which consist of an automatic
air valve g an admission valve h operated by means of the lever i; and the discharge
valves m and o operated by means of the levers and n.
3. In a hydrocarbon motor, the use of a carburetter consisting of a reservoir J
having a gauge g; a cylinder r with concentric nozzles s and t; a regulator k with
valves v and w, provided with springs substantially as described.
4. The improved hydrocarbon motor constructed, arranged and combined substan-
tially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings.
Dated thin 7th da of Annil 1900
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.