Improvements in or relating to Nailing Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 16th Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Nailing Machines.
I, HENRY WARD MORGAN, of 169 Saratoga Avenue, Rochester, in the County
of Monroe and State of New York, U.S.A., Gentleman, do hereby declare tho
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My present invention has for its object to improve the construction and operation
of that class of nailing-machines particularly adapted for forming boxes, whereby
the machine is readily adapted for forming the "made-up" or cleated ends of
boxes and of nailing the parts of the box together to complete it, and whereby
also the machine may be readily changed from making said heads or ends. so as
to nail boxes in the usual manner; and it further has for its object to improve
the construction and operation of the machine as a whole; and to these and other
ends it consists in certain improvements in construction and combinations of parts,
all as will be hereinafter fully described, and the novel features pointed out in
the claims at the end of this specification.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a nailing machine embodying my
improvement, the nail-pan and operating devices being omitted.
Figure 2, a side elevation of the nail-clenching devices, showing the operation
of nailing cleats to the box heads or ends.
Figure 3, a front elevation of a portion of the nail-clenching devices.
Figure 4, a sectional view through the center of the machine, showing particu-
larly the device for holding the cleat while nailing one of the sides or covers
to the box and in elevation the clenching device disconnected.
Figure 5, a front elevation of one end of the machine, showing the nail chucks
or holders and the driver-bar, the nail-conductors being omitted.
Figure 6, a vertical-sectional view on the liner of Figure 5.
Figure 7, a vertical-sectional view through one of the nail holding chucks,
showing the position of the parts when the nails are improperly positioned, and
the driver being moved down through the chuck.
Figure 8, a plan view of one of the nail-conductors, the nail-supports and
selector being shown in dotted lines.
Figure 9, a horizontal-sectional view on the line y-y of Figure 5.
Figure 10, a vertical-sectional view on the line of Figure 9.
Figure 11, a vertical-sectional view through the nail-supports and selector.
Figure 12 and 13, details of the support for the adjustable driver support.
Similar reference numerals in the several figures indicate similar parts.
The machine to which my improvements are applied is of a well-known type,
and the specific form of the main frame not being of the essence of my invention
1 have not deemed it necessary to show the whole of it, the other side being
similar to the one shown, and 1 represents the side of the usual frame, upon the
upper end of which are mounted nail-feeding devices and upon which slides a
suitable driver frame 3, connected by a pitman 4 with a crankshaft 5, arranged
in suitable bearings on the main frame and operated from a main driving shaft 6
CD Q17

page_text: through suitable gearing, as 7 and S, a suitable clutch being interposed as usual
between the two shafts 5 and 6, so that the driver frame will make one reciproca-
tion and then stop until released again by the operator.
2 indicates the usual box-support or table upon which the boxes are held,
movable vertically on ways 10 at the side frame by means of screws 11, shown
in dotted lines in Figure 1, said screws engaging suitable threaded apertures in
the rear of the central portion of the table and having at their upper ends worin
wheels 12, meshing with worms 13, see dotted lines in Figure 1, on a transverse
shaft 14. Two or more of these adjusting screws may be employed if the table 2
is large and heavy. By reason of the connection with the shaft 14 the rotation
of said shaft will cause the vertical adjustment of the table or platform. In order
that this vertical adjustment may be quickly accomplished, as is necessary in a
machine employed not only for nailing the cleats to the ends of boxes, but also
for fastening sides and bottoms together as well, I mount upon the end of the
shaft 14 a belt-pulley 15, connected by a belt 6 with a corresponding pulley 17
on a suitable arbor 18 on the side of the machine, said pulley being adapted
to be connected with the constantly rotating driving shaft 6, so that the worm
and screws may be actuated in either direction from the said driving shaft. In
the present arrangement I mount upon the arbor 18 a lever 19, carrying, pre-
ferably below the center, gears 20 and 21, the former meshing with a correspond-
ing gear on the pulley 17 and the latter connected to or formed with a
friction-wheel 22, adapted when the lever is moved in one direction to engage a
corresponding friction-wheel 23 on the shaft 6. Mounted also upon the lever 19
and on the other side of the pivot is a pinion 24, connected to a friction-wheel 25,
which is also adapted when the lever is turned in one direction to co-operate
with the friction wheel 23 on the driving shaft. As the driving shaft is con-
stantly rotated, it is only necessary to move the lever to bring the wheel 22 or 25
into contact with the friction wheel 23 in order that the screws may be operated
and the table or platform 2 moved up or down to bring it in proper relation, with
the nail-holding chucks for the operation desired. The lever 19 may be held in
adjusted position by means of a pivoted, slotted link. 26, engaging a pin upon it.
Mounted upon the table or platform 2 is a frame, or support for the article
into which the nails are to be driven, composed, preferably of the end brackets 30
and the supporting bars 31, extending longitudinally between them and trans-
versely of the machine, and between these bars is arranged a nail-clinching anvil
or bar 32, having at its end depending arms 33, which rest upon the short arms 34,
attached to the ends of a shaft 35, extending across the front of the machine,
an arm 36 being also attached to said shaft for oscillating it and raising the
anvil 32 above the bar 31 for the purpose of clenching the nails, as will be
described. The lower end of the lever 36 is connected to a link 37, supported
at the opposite end by a link 38, pivoted to a bracket 39 on the main frame, the
rear end of said link.37 being preferably provided with a steel shoe 30%, with
which is adapted to engage an arm or lever 41, secured rigidly to the intermittingly-
rotated shaft 5, the construction being such that when the arm 41 moves the
link 37 forward the anvil will be raised to the position shown in Figures 1 and 2.
The nail-chucks or holders, indicated generally by 45 embody suitable nail-
holding jaws and channels, to be presently described, and are attached to the
transverse bars 46 and 47, the former being preferably rigidly attached to
brackets 48, secured to the main frame, and the latter to blocks 49, sliding in
suitable ways formed in the brackets 48, and as the alternate nail-chucks are
attached to the bars 46 and 47 it will be seen that by the adjustment of the
blocks 49, the chucks may be moved so that the nails may all be driven in a
straight line or in two separate lines, and when adjusted the blocks 49 may be
rigidly secured by suitable set-screws having operating handles 50, as in Figures 5
and 9.
51 indicates the nail-drivers or punches, each having a head 52 at its upper
end beneath the cross-bar 3* of the driver-frame, said heads being provided with

page_text: :
the downward extensions 53 on one side, and the drivers entering the chucks on
the movable supports are connected to a cross-bar 54, having at its ends blocks 55,
movable forward and back in guides 56 on the ends of the driver-bar or frame,
as in Figures 5 and 12. The front of the bar 54 is recessed at 54, and attached
to said bar is a plate 57, extending beneath the lugs 53 on the driver-heads and
causing the said drivers to move with the bar 54, back and forth beneath the
driver bar 3, while their heads maintain contact with the lower side of said
bar 3, so that whatever the position of the drivers they will be reciprocated
with the driving-frame. The plate 57 is held in its upper position to secure
the drivers by screws 55, passing through them, the heads of said screws
co-operating with the countersunk recesses 56, while by withdrawing the screws
the slots in the plate will allow the latter to move downward and release the
heads, permitting the removal of the drivers when desired.. The heads of the
drivers operating in the stationary chucks are secured in position by a recessed
plate 58, secured to the front of the bar 33 and having slots 59 co-operating with
screws or studs 60, the lugs 53 on said drivers extending over flanges on the
plates 58, the construction being such that by moving the plates 58 longitudinally
in the direction of the arrow, Figure 5, and then downward the drivers can be
tipped so that the lugs or flanges 53 will be disengaged from the plate and the
drivers removed, if necessary. This manner of connecting the drivers with the
driving bar 3 permits of their adjustment laterally of the machine with the nail-
chucks, which, as usual, may be adjusted on the bars 46 and 47, and the forward
and rear adjustment of the chucks attached to the supports 47. may also be readily
accomplished in order to change the relative position of the nails in the box
or board.
The specific form of chucks herein shown embodies the usual lateral swinging
jaws 62, operated upon by springs to bring their lower ends together and hold the
nail while being driven, as in Figure 10, and the back plate 64, instead of being
rigidly attached, as usual, is capable of being moved rearwardly when the nail
passage becomes clogged (by reason of displaced nails) and is attached to forwardly
extending rods 65, passing through the chuck body, and having springs 66 inter-
posed between the outer head of said rod and the cliucks, as shown in Figures 7, 8
and 9, this construction being such that when the nail channel becomes clogged
or the nail encounters a hard substance instead of damaging the driver or the
chuck itself the back plate 64 may yield, as shown in Figure 7, allowing the
driver to pass
down and by it, the loose connection between the head of the driver
and the driving bar 3 permitting the slight lateral movement necessary.
The nail-conducting. tubes 70, which receives the nails from the selecting or
delivering apparatus in the present embodiment, are secured rigidly to the upper
portion of the frame by screws passing through the perforated cars 71, and the
upper ends of said tubes 70 are constructed, as indicated in Figure 10 in plan,
with a throat 72, through which the bodies of the nails pass, while their heads
are delivered into the notches of the feeding disks or selectors 74 as in dotted
lines in Figure 8 and full lines in Figure 11, and said tubes are also provided
with the rib 75 at one side of said channel, so that the disks moving in the
direction indicated by the dotted arrow in Figure 8, will carry the nails around,
and as the latter are released by engaging the surface 77, which moves them out
of the notches, their ends, as they tilt, will engage the rib 75 and be prevented
from passing back into the channel 72 and clogging the same, preventing the
subsequent nail from being entered in the selector. From the tubes 70 the nails
pass to the telescoping conductors 78 and thence into the nail-channels in the
chucks.
I do not deem it necessary herein to show the nail-pan and the devices for
conveying the nails therefrom to the selectors or pickers, or the details of the
selectors, as these may be of any suitable construction.
Returning now to the operation of the nail-clenching devices first described,
it may be stated that this is only to be used when it is desired to fasten cleats

page_text: to the end boards of boxes, although the attachment remains a permanent part of
the machine, and in order to support boxes being nailed and also to support
boards when attaching cleats, as in Figure 2, I arrange upon the supporting
table or platform 2 a bridge or bracket 2. Of course instead of having both the
clenching devices and the support 2 above the top of the platform the clenching
device could be arranged at about or below its surface, but as it may be desirable
to utilize the whole surface of the table I preferably make the parts removable,
as shown.
The arm 41 on the shaft 5 and the crank on said shaft operating the driver-
frame are so positioned relatively that when driving the nails to secure cleats on
boards, as in Figure 2, the drivers will first descend, moving the nail through
the material freely, as the anvil 32 is then below the surface of the work-supports
or bars 31. Then while the drivers still press upon the nail and are at their
lowest position the arm 41, engaging the link 37, raises the clenching anvil
quickly, turning the points of the nails and clenching them, as shown in Figure 2.
When it is desired to nail the tops or sides on the boxes, the links 37 and 38
are disconnected, as shown in Figure 3, and the table or platform is lowered,
preferably by means of the power devices heretofore described, the proper distance
below the nail-chucks, and the boxes then resting upon the supports 31 and 2*
on the table are nailed in the usual manner. When, however, boxes having
cleats at the ends are to be nailed, it is necessary that the cleats should be supported
while the nails are being driven into it, and for this purpose I employ a detachable
cleat-supporting bracket 80, having a forward portion adapted to project beneath
the box-cleat, as shown in Figure 4, and the rearward hooked portion adapted to
project over the block 81, movable vertically in a slot in the frame by means of
a screw 82, operated by a hand-wheel 83, said screw enabling the proper adjustment
to be quickly secured.
When the machine is used for nailing boxes not having cleated ends, the cleat-
support 80 may either be removed or serve as a gage for limiting the backward
movement of the box, as desired.
Machines embodying the improvements described are well adapted for general
nailing and particularly for box-making, as not only may the cleated ends he
formed and the nails therein clenched, but all the boards can be mailed together
whether the nails are to be driven into the cleats and box ends alternately, as
in Figure 2, or in a straight line.
The power devices for adjusting the table or platform are desirable in a machine
of this general description, whether or not it is supplied with the other attach-
ments, for the reason that said table is usually quite heavy and strong, and it
requires considerable power and time to raise it by hand.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the main frame, the nail-holders,
the drivers and the driver-frame, and the intermittently-actuated crank-shaft for
operating the driver-frame, of the vertically-adjustable work-holding table, a
nail-clenching device thereon co-operating with the drivers, and direct connections
between said clenching device and the intermittently-rotated shaft for operating
the former, the constantly-rotating shaft from which the intermittently-rotating
shaft is actuated, adjusting devices for moving the table vertically, and detachable
and reversible connections between the constantly-rotating shaft and the adjusting
devices, whereby the work-table may be quickly adjusted to different heights.
2. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the main frame, the nail-
holders thereon, the drivers, the driver-frame movable on the main frame, the
work-table adjustable on the main frame, the screw for operating it, the worm-
wheel 12, the worm and the worm-shaft, and the belt-wheel thereon, of the driving a
shaft, the friction-wheel 23, the belt-wheel 17, the gear thereon and the belt, the

page_text: gears 20, 21 and 24, the lever 19, and the wheels 22 and 25, arranged and operating
substantially as described.
3. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the nail holder, the nail-driver,
the movable driver-frame, and the crank-shaft actuating the frame, of the stationary
work-support 31, the movable nail-clenching anvil normally below the plane of
the support, and connections between the crank-shaft and anvil for raising the
latter, while the driver-frame is held in lowest position, thereby clenching tho end
of the nail while it is held by the driver, substantially as described.
4. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the nail-holder, a nail-driver,
and a rotary shaft connected to the driver for actuating it, of the stationary
work-support out of the path of the nail, the movable nail-clenching anvil in
the path of the nail, the lever 36 for actuating the anvil and the arm 41 on the
rotary shaft actuating the lever to raise the anvil and clench the nail when
the driver has reached the limit of its downward movement and is at rest, substan-
tially as described.
5. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the work-support 31, the
vertically-movable nail-clenching anvil at the side of the support, the lever 36
connected to the anvil for raising it, the links 37 and 38, the rotary shaft 5, and
the arm 41 engaging the link to operate the anvil, substantially as described.
6. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the nail-driving mechanism, the
stationary work-support 31, the movable nail-clenching anvil 32, the shaft 35,
arms 34 engaging the anvil, the lever 36, and the rotary shaft 5 having the
arm 41 for engaging and operating the lever 36, substantially as described.
7. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the main frame having the slot
for the cleat-holder, nail-holders and driving devices, and a work-support beneath
the nail-holders, of the block 81 movable in the slot in the frame and in rear
of the front, the adjusting screw 82 connecting the frame and block, and the
removable bracket 80 having the hooked portion for extending over the block and
arranged to support a cleat beneath the drivers, substantially as described.
8. The combination with the nail-holding chuck having the nail and driver
channels, of the pivoted nail-holding jaws, and the back plate between which
and the chuck-body the jaws are pivoted, said plate yielding in a plane parallel
with the jaw-pivots, substantially as described.
9. The combination in a nail-holding chuck having the driver-channel, of the
nail-holding jaws pivoted to the chuck-body, the back-plate between which and
the body the jaws are pivoted, having the rods and springs and movable in a
plane parallel with the jaw-pivots, substantially as described..
10. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the main frame, the brackets 48,
the supports 46 thereon, the blocks 49 movable on the brackets 48, and the
supports 47 of the nail-holders mounted adjustably on the supports 46 and 47,
substantially as described.
11. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the nail-holders, of the movable
driver-bar, the drivers having the laterally-extending heads arranged in contact
with the under side of the bar and provided with the downward extensions 53,
the vertically adjustable front plate 58, having the recess for the extensions 53
on the driver-heads, and securing devices for holding the plate 58 in elevated
position, substantially as described.
12. In a nailing-machine, the combination with the nail holders, of the movable
driver-bar, the bar 54 sliding beneath the driver-bar having the longitudinal
recess, the plate adjustably connected to the bar 54, and the drivers having the
heads engaging the driver-bar and supported by the bar 54 and the plate, substan-
tially as described.
13. In a nailing machine, the combination with two series of nail-holders and
supports for each series adjustable relatively, of two series of drivers having the
heads, the driver-bar with which said heads engage, the plate 58 on the driver-
bar engaging the heads of one series of drivers, the movable bar 54 with which

page_text: the heads of the other series of drivers engage, and the securing-plate 57 connected
thereto, substantially as described.
14. In a nailing-machine, the combination of the driver bar, the drivers having
the heads and the depending lugs, the front plate 58 having the flange engaging
the lugs and the slots 59, and the studs or screws 60, substantially as described.
15. The combinations with the nail-supports having channels, and the rotary
selector having recesses therein for engaging the nails beneath their heads, of
the nail-conductors having the nail-passage, the throat 72 and the rib 75 between
the throat and nail-passage, substantially as described.
Dated this 27th day of August 1807
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.