Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 19th Sept., 1896
I, MATTHEW WALTON, of Fratte di Salerno, Italy, Bleach Works Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in what are known as the Mather kiers
for bleaching textile fabrics and yarns and my improvements consist in means for
making a more perfect joint between the wagon in the kier and the pipe leading to
the pump by which the bleaching liquor is circulated my object being to improve
the circulation of liquor and to effect a saving both in the time required and the
quantity of chemicals employed.
In carrying my improvements into effect I make each wagon with a falso bottom
as usual and to the bottom I fix a short flanged pipe, the lower flange.of which is
faced to make a tight joint with the upper surface of a flanged collar, the lower
surface of which is turned and fitted in a cup or socket prepared to receive it in.a
short cylinder fitted to slide in a stuffing box on the mouth of the fixed pipe con-
nected to the circulating pump. The collar is loose and is connected to the sliding
cylinder by a central bolt or equivalent device which will retain it in position in
the socket but permits it sufficient. freedom of movement in any direction for
adjustment. The lower end of the bolt passes out of the fixed pipe through a
stuffing box and is connected to a lever by which the sliding cylinder and collar
can be raised and lowered.
In operation the cylinder and collar are lowered by the lever and the wagon is
run on rails into the kier as usual and when in its proper position, which is
determined by fixed stops, the flanged pipe fixed to its bottom comes exactly over
the flanged collar which with the sliding cylinder is then raised by the lever so
that when the faces of the flanged pipe and the flanged collar come in contact a
good joint is made, the collar being self adjusting in its socket and its turned
lower surface making another good joint with the turned surface of the socket.
As soon as the circulating pump is set in motion the air is exhausted from the
goods in the wagon and then the circulation of liquor is established. I prefer to
weight the lever so that it will always tend to raise the sliding cylinder and collar.
and maintain a tight joint, and also will yield should the wagon sink a little with
the weight of the goods. I prefer also to employ a superheater but my improve-
ments can be applied to a kier either with or without a superheater.
Dated this 11th day of November 1895.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bleaching Kiers.
I, MATTHEW WALTON, of Fratte di Salerno, Italy, Bleach Works Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to.
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in what are known as the Mather kiers
for bleaching textile fabrics and yarns and my improvements consist in means for

page_text: making a more perfect joint between the wagon in the kier and the pipe leading
to the pump by which the bleaching liquor is circulated my object being to improve
the circulation of liquor and to effect a saving both in the time required and the
quantity of chemicals employed.
In carrying my improvements into effect I make each wagon with a false
bottom as usual and to the bottom I fix a short flanged pipe, the lower flange of
which is faced to make a tight joint with the upper surface of a flanged collar the
lower surface of which is turned and fitted in a cup or socket prepared to receive it
in a short cylinder fitted to slide in a stuffing box on the mouth of the fixed pipe
connected to the circulating pump. The collar is loose and is connected to the
sliding cylinder by a central bolt or equivalent device which will retain it in position
in the socket but permits it sufficient freedom of movement in any direction for
adjustment. The lower end of the bolt passes out of the fixed pipe through a
stuffing box and is connected to a lever by which the sliding cylinder and collar
can be raised and lowered.
In the accompanying four sheets of drawings-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section,
Fig. 2 a sectional end elevation, and
Fig. 3 à part plan of a "Mather kier" to which my improvements are applied.
In the drawings, a designates the shell or body of the kier, b the two wagons
and the perforated false bottoms; to the bottom of each wagon is fixed a short
flanged pipe c the lower flange of which is faced to make a tight joint with the
upper surface of a flanged collar d; the lower face of this collar d is turned' to
fit into a cup or socket 'formed in the end of a short cylinder e which is fitted and
free to slide in a stuffing box fitted into a casting secured to the kier. The
collar d is connected to the cylinder e by a bolt which retains it in position. but
permits it sufficient freedom of movement in any direction for adjustment; the
lower end of the bolt passes out of the cylinder e through a stuffing box fand its
lower end is connected to a weighted lever g so that by moving the said lever the
sliding cylinder e and collard can be raised and lowered as required. The lever g'is
raised and lowered by means of a band wheel and screwed spindle gl or by any
other suitable device. A pipe ¹ connects the cylinders e to a circulating pump
which is connected by a pipe to the upper part of the kier a. The pump is
also connected by a pipe to a superheater i communication between the two
being controlled by a valve 14. A valve on the pipej opens or closes a com-
munication between this pipe and a reservoir, not shown, and a valve opens or
closes the connection between the pump and the pipej with the top of the kier.
The upper portion of the superheater is connected by a pipe & controlled by a
valve to spreaders L, see Fig. 2, placed over each wagon; to the side of each
wagon is attached a strip of angle iron a and bars of metal a³ are placed over the
goods in the wagons with their ends resting under the angle irons a to hold the
goods down. The usual pipes n and gauge glass n' are fitted to show the quantity
of liquor in the wagone or kier and fixed stops o are employed for bringing the
wagons into their correct positions in the kier with the pipes c exactly over the
collars d.
The operation is as follows:
When textile fabrics are to he bleached they are saturated with soda liquor as
usual. When yarn or raw cotton is to be treated in the kier it can be placed in
the wagons dry. On the goods in the wagon I place a sheet of canvas or other
suitable material on the top of which I lay the bars a crosswise with their ends
resting under the angle irons a. Previous to running the wagons into the kier
the levers 9 are raised to lower the bolts d', the sliding cylinders e and collars d so
that the flanged pipes c can come over the collars d. The wagons are then ruo
into the kier up to the fixed stops o and the levers g are now lowered to raise the
cylinder e and collars d against the pipes c. If desired an india rubber or other
suitable flexible washer may be placed on each collar d to assist in forming a
perfectly tight joint between the cylinders e and the wagons.

page_text: A solution of boiling soda or other liquor having been prepared in the reservoir.
is now run into the kier by opening a valve not shown, on a pipe p from which it
flows through the pipe m, valve m¹ (valve m³ closed) and pipe h¹ (valve /³ closed).
into the two sliding cylinders e and through the pipes c into the bottom of each
wagon which is filled slowly by gravitation so that all the air therein is expelled.
from the interior of the goods and escapes through the usual air valve g.
с
When the wagons are full of liquor the door of the kier can be closed and the
valve m and a valve on the pipe p'are closed, valves h³ and h opened, valve k
opened and valve closed, and the pump set to work to draw the liquor from
the bottom of the wagons through the pipes c sliding cylinders e pipes.h' and pump.
and valve into the bottom of the superheater i which heats the liquor as it is
forced through it up to the top from which it flows through the pipe kand
valve to the spreaders by which it is distributed upon the goods in each:
wagon.
A little liquor will overflow from the wagons at the beginning of the circulation:
before the goods are thoroughly heated; but this can be taken up again into the
wagons by opening the valves m¹ and m³.
After all the air has been expelled from the kier the pressure can be raised to.
twelve or fourteen pounds by the heat of the liquor which has passed through the.
superheater or by means of steam in the usual way.
The liquor is allowed to circulate from five to six hours or more or less after
which the circulation can be stopped, and the valves m² m² opened to drain off all.
the liquor from the kier.
The watering of the goods can be effected much more effectually and with
considerably less water in my improved kier than in kiers of the usual construction.
and in some cases the water can be taken from a pipe at the top of the kier without.
using a pump and by closing the valves k' and
The operation described is sufficient for bleaching printing cloths but in.
bleaching white shirtings and other fabrics which require boiling twice or any
further treatment, the goods are allowed to drain say for half an hour; the
bleaching or other liquor in the reservoir is allowed to flow slowly into the wagons.
as before described, the valves hand being closed and the valve opened, the
bleaching liquor is then circulated through the goods from the bottom of the
wagons to the pump and the pipej to the top of the kier without passing through.
the superheater and after this operation has been completed the spent liquor is-
forced back to its reservoir by the pump after closing the valve aud opening the-
valve j¹ and the watering of the goods is subsequently effected as before described
and the goods then drained.
The second boiling with soda liquor is circulated through the superheater as
before described but for a short length of time only and then the goods are
watered as before.
By means of the perfect joint between the bottom of the wagon and the pump.
I am enabled to introduce the bleaching liquor by gravitation from a reservoir
placed at a higher level than the kier and consequently the liquor being admitted
slowly flows gradually upward and so completely expels all the air in the goods.
and in the wagons whereby the bleaching materials are utilized to the fullest extent
practicable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :

page_text: means such as a weighted lever to press the parts tightly together substantially as
herein set forth.
2. In combination, the pipe c, the self adjusting collar d sliding cylinder e and
bolt with means such as the lever g for raising said cylinder and collar and
making a good joint substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 7th day of August 1896.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
17 St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for Applicant..