Plush or Looped Fabrics.
Year: 1885

page_text: Plush or Looped Fabrics.
I, THOMAS CRAVEN, of Low Mill, Keighley, in the County of York, Stuff
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the weaving of plush or looped fabrics without
the aid of wires or strong yarn thrown across the piece for the formation of the
loops, and afterwards withdrawn as is now the common practice.
I accomplish my object with an ordinary single shuttle, or by a circular or drop
box loom, having a fast and loose reed of the ordinary description. When a series
of loops are formed across the piece, the reed is liberated for a number of picks, by
a catch rod connected to the ordinary stop rod mounted on the underside of the
Jathe; by which means the weft delivered in the ordinary manner, is not driven
home tight against the piece, so long as the catch rod allows the reed to retreat;
but when the heald machine liberates the before named catch rod, the reed is held
secure, and when driving the weft home, draws a sufficient quantity of loop warp
from an extra beam to form the loops.
The stop rod for liberating the reed may be actuated by a movable incline or
swell attached by rods to the heald or jacquard machine, either of which cause the
incline or swell to be moved at intervals into such a position, that an arm secured
on the stop rod comes in contact therewith and releases the reed; or a revolving
tappet operating on a lever may be used for liberating the reed, but by this
arrangement loop or plush figures cannot be woven, as is the case when the reed is
operated by the beald or jacquard machine; when the latter is used, I add a creel
upon which I place bobbins containing different colours of warp, which is drawn
from them by the reed in the manner as before described.
The warp beam being much heavier than the bobbins, I rest the warp on the
beam upon friction rollers, which are actuated at the time the reed is driving the
weft home; thereby allowing the required length of warp to leave the beam with
freedom, and thus produce loops of the same length throughout the piece, whether
the loop warp beam be full or empty.
+ 1
1
1002
WAUGH & CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, W.C.

page_text: Plush or Looped Fabrics.
I, THOMAS CRAVEN, of Low Mill, Keighley, in the County of York, Stuff
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object the weaving of plush or looped fabrics without
the aid of wires or strong yarn thrown across the piece for the formation of loops,
and afterwards withdrawn as is now the common practice.
The invention consists in forming loops ou fabrics by liberating the reed for a
number of picks, so that the weft is not " beat up" so long as it is liberated; and
when the reed is secured, an extra warp beam or beams is or are operated, thereby
releasing a quantity of warp, which forms the loops when the weft is "beat up'
by the fast reed.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 represents the front elevation of such
portions of a loom as are required to explain my invention. Fig. 2 is an end view
of the same. Fig. 3 an enlarged sectional detail through the centre of the reed
and "going part Fig. 4 a side elevation of the apparatus employed for supporting
and moving the extra beam or beams, Fig. 5 a view of the bracket and catch for
liberating the reed, and Fig. 6 a view of the arrangement for liberating the extra
warp beam and operating the catch rod when weaving looped fabrics.
My invention is applicable to stop rod looms in which one or more shuttles are
used, and the going part arranged with a fast and loose reed R. The reed
according to my invention, is liberated for one or more picks by a catch rod A,
which slides through the bracket A', and is connected by lever B, to the ordinary
stop rod C mounted on the underside of the lathe D of the "going part."
When weaving figured fabrics, the lever B may be operated by the ordinary
dobby or jacquard machine in the following manner. The dobby E is shewn fixed
at the opposite end of the loom to where the driving pullies are; by which a
direct connection by rod F is obtained between the dobby and the catch A².
When the lever G to which the rod F is attached, is not raised by the ordinary
pins on the cylinder lags C¹, the catch A² is clear of the catch rod A as shewn by
Fig. 5; thereby allowing the said rod to work freely through the slot formed in
the bracket A¹, and the reed R to remain fast; but when the lever G is lifted, the
catch A' is lowered at the end Z, and by the "going part" moving in the direction
of the arrow see Fig. 2, for beating up the yarn; the gib end of the catch rod A
comes in contact with the catch A, thereby preventing the rod. passing further
through the bracket; thus, on the "going part" continuing its course, the lever B
and the ordinary fingers H secured on the stop rod C are actuated; the fingers
moving in the direction of the curved arrow release the bottom portion of the
reed R, thereby allowing it to retreat for as many picks as it is liberated, instead
of beating the weft home in the fabric as is the case when it is fast.
On the loom taking the first pick after the reed R is secured, and before the
weft is beat up, one of the series of levers J in the dobby is actuated by the peg
cylinder, thereby operating the lever K' by the cord or connection K, thus causing
the pawl L to move the wheel L' and the friction pullies M secured on the samo

page_text: shaft. Upon the said friction pullies rests the warp, which is actuated when the
pullies M revolve, thereby letting off with freedom a quantity of warp which forms
the loops by the beating up of the weft that has been delivered while the reed R
is free to retreat.
The length of the loops may be regulated by securing change wheels of various
diameters in place of wheel L₁, or by the distance the wheel L' is turned at each
operation; which is accomplished by giving more or less pick to the lever K',
coupled by cord K to one of the levers J, and by placing the arm N so that the
pawl L acts on more or less teeth on the catch wheel L'; the pawl L' retaining the
wheel L ready for another actuation of the warp beam.
In case a direct motion to the catch A* cannot be obtained, I attach cords to two
of the ordinary dobby levers J, and lock the lever P in its position by the spiral
spring acting on the collar of the spindle of the presser P¹ which is in contact with
the projections on the boss of lever P. To the lever P is connected another lever Q
which is supported by a stud, and connected to the catch A by rod F¹, so that
when the lever P is operated by either of the dobby levers J to which it is con-
nected by cords J', the catch A2 will be raised or lowered according to the direction
in which the lever P is moved; thus securing or releasing the reed by the catch
rod A and fingers H in the manner as before described.
It will be readily understood by persons conversant with weaving, that by
connecting each end of the lever P and the lever K' to the jacquard uprights, they
will operate the catch A and the lever K' and connections therewith in the same
manner as the dobby; but when jacquards are employed, I use in addition to the
warp beam B, bobbins placed upon a creel which contain warp of the same or
various colours, and which is drawn from them by the release of the reed R and the
beating up of the weft.
For weaving plain looped fabrics, I can dispense with the dobby for operating
the catch A, by connecting it with rod S, to an ordinary treadle T mounted in the
usual position, and operated by a tappet T¹ on the tappet shaft; by which the
catch A is raised or lowered in or out of contact with the gib end of the catch
rod A; and for liberating the warp from the beam or beams B¹, I operate one of
the ordinary treadles T2 by a tappet. T³, and connect the treadle by rod U to the
lever U¹ secured on the ordinary jack rod V, to which is attached another lever V¹
that is connected by rod W to the lever K¹; thus when the treadle T" is operated,
the pawl L acts on the wheel L', thereby moving the same and the warp beam or
beams B¹ resting on the friction pullies M, thus liberating the warp for the loops as
before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The liberation and securing of the reed R by the operation of the stop rod C, by
the tappet, dobby, or jacquard machine, for the purpose herein before set forth.
Letting the warp off the extra beam or beams B¹ by the friction pullies Min
combination with the apparatus for liberating and securing the reed R substantially
in the manner and for the purpose described.
Operating the catch A2 by a treadle and tappet, and the extra beam or beams B¹
by the tappet T3 substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Dated this 23rd day of December 1885.