Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 25th July, 1898
We, ARTHUR LINGARD, of Potters Lane, Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford,
Brassfinisher, and HENRY PEACE, of Lloyd Street, Wednesbury, aforesaid,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object improvements in the method of joining various
articles, particularly such as pipes or tubes and to do away with the necessity of
soldering or screwing into sockets, such articles, pipes or tubes which are to
be joined together. It is simple in construction and easy to affix. Our invention
consists of a combination of :-
-
(1) A ferrule screwed male ends.
(2) Two caps (each to screw on the respective ends of the ferrule) and (3) two
pieces of elastic or asbestos or any substance suitable for packing.
The joint is made as follows:-
The end of each tube to be joined is placed through the top of one of the caps-
then following each cap is placed the substance for packing. After the cap and
substance have been placed as directed the ends of the tube to be joined are
inserted in the respective ends of the ferrule. To form the joint each cap
screwed on to the respective ends of the ferrule and doing so compress the packing
substance as afterwards explained. Each end of the ferrule and the inside of
each cap have been so shaped that when the cap is screwed on to the ferrule the
packing substance is compressed in such a manner that it is held tightly on the
tube to be joined and the end of ferrule and the inside of the cap shaped as
before mentioned.
The application of our invention to unions for connecting together taps and
like fittings and for connecting to tubes or pipes to taps and the like, differs in
no essential respect from its application to a union for securing two lengths of
tube to one another as herein described.

page_text: Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to union joints or means for connecting together pipes,
tubes and other analogous articles, and has for its object to provide means whereby
two plain lengths of tubing or the like may be rigidly connected to one another
without having to flange or otherwise prepare the same, and also to do away with
the necessity of previously soldering or screwing the pipes to be joined together
into sockets or the ke as has heretofore been necessary. The means employed
for effecting the union are simple in construction and easily affixed and the joint,
when made, is perfectly sound and tight and is thus particularly applicable for
use in joining together pipes for conveying liquids and gases.
The invention consists in the employment of a ferrule or middle piece having
screwed ends, and a pair of caps or end pieces respectively encircling the ends
of the two lengths to be connected and adapted to screw onto or into the said
middle piece, in combination with a pair of loose clastic or compressible packing
or sealing rings which are slipped onto and surround the lengths to be connected,
the arrangement being such that on the screwing together of the end caps and
middle ferrule, the confined elastic rings are compressed laterally or from the
sides and expanded radially both inwards and outwards, so that they thus exert
a circumferential friction grip both upon the tube lengths, and their respective
caps so that when the said ends are united by the middle ferrule to one another,
a perfectly sealed joint between the two lengths of tubing is made.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents an elevation of a pipe joint
made in accordance with one form of our invention.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section thereof showing the elastic sealing
rings confined within the end caps and compressed between shoulders or internal
abutments of them and the ends of the middle ferrule onto which the said caps
are screwed.
Figure 3 represents, partly in elevation and partly in section, the parts of the
joint dis-assembled.
Figure 4 is a cross section of Figure 3 upon the dotted line a.
Figure 5 is a section of the middle ferrule upon the dotted line, Figure 3.
Figure 6 is another cross section of Figure 3 upon the dotted line ².
Figure 7 represents an elevation and a section of one of the elastic or com-
pression sealing rings separately.
Figure 8 shows this form of joint applied for the purpose of. connecting a
length of piping to the bib of a water or like tap.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the said Figures 1
to 8.
a, a represent two lengths of metal piping to be connected together and
b. b are two elastic and compressible sealing rings which are slipped loosely onto
the ends of the pipe lengths. These rings or packing pieces, which may be made
of india rubber, felt, hemp, asbestos, cork or other elastic material, or even of
soft and compressible lead or other metal, are enclosed or surrounded by, and
are confined within, a pair of inside-screwed caps c, c, which are slipped onto
the said pipe lengths with their shoulders or throttled ends c¹, c', coming behind
and forming abutments for the said rings, whilst their interiorly screwed
mouths, 2, 3, are respectively adapted to screw onto the male threaded parts d¹, d³,
of a union or ferrule piece d, the inner ends d³, of which come against the
said packing rings and compress them against the end abutments c¹ of the caps c,
on the latter being screwed home as far as possible onto the ferrule, which said
lateral compression of the confined rings or packing pieces causes them to expand
radially both inwards and outwards and exert a circumferential friction grip both
inwardly upon the tube lengths and outwardly against the insides of the caps,

page_text: which are thereby held tightly to the tube length by the rings, whilst the con-
nection of the said caps and tubes to one another is effected by the ferrule.
Figure 9 represents a modification of our invention, in which the packing
rings b, are confined within caps c, which are plain interiorly and screwed out-
side, whilst the union or ferrule d, is wormed interiorly to take onto the caps
and has internal abutments d', for the compression of the rings
•
Figure 10 shows another modification in which the end caps are drawn together
within the middle ferrule d, (which has an internal abutment d') for compressing
the packings or sealing rings b, by means of headed bolts e, directed between
flanges on the said caps and provided with fastening and drawing-up nuts e¹.
Instead of employing two confined packing pieces or rings, we may employ
only a single ring b, (see Figure 1) which is of sufficient width to encircle and
break the joint between the meeting ends of the two pipe lengths a, and is con-
fined within a middle ferrule d, into or onto the ends of which the caps c, screw
and have suitable opposite abutments such as c¹, between which the sealing ring
or packing is compressed and made to grip and connect together the tube ends
and the ferrule.
The application of our invention to unions for connecting together taps and
like fittings and for connecting tubes or pipes to taps and the like, differs in
no essential respect from its application to a union for securing two lengths of
tube to one another as herein described.
said
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
First: In union joints for connecting together plain lengths of pipe, tube and
other articles, the employment of compressible elastic rings or packing pieces,
surrounding the parts to be united and confined and compressed between abut-
ments which are screwed or drawn together on forming the joint, substantially
as described and set forth.
Secondly-In union joints for connecting together plain, lengths of piping,
tubing and other articles, the employment of compressible elastic rings or
packing pieces surrounding the parts to be united, which said rings are confined
between and compressed by opposed abutments of a ferrule or middle piece and
endi caps or end fittings which are screwed or drawn together for making the
joint, substantially as described and set forth.
1 1000
ARTHUR LINGARD.
HENRY PEACE.
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.