Improvements in the Production of Fast Black Shades on Wool.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Loft 24th Nove 1900 Accented
12th lan 1000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Fast Black Shades on Wool.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been
communicated to me from abroad by the Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, of
Ludwigshafen-on-Rhine, in the German Empire) to be as follows :—
This invention relates to the production of beautiful black shades on woollen
goods which possess valuable degree of fastness, by the aid of the disazo dyes
which are obtained from ortho-amido-phenol-para-sulphoacid. Some of these
secondary disazo dyes have long been known, and have been patented under the
English Letters Patent 10845, but when dyed in the usual way they yield
shades which are not beautiful and vary from violet, to foxy-black. They have
not been adopted in the dyeing industry and the rights under the said Letters
Patent have been allowed to lapse.
Now my foreign correspondents have discovered that these dyes can be used
for the production of valuable fast deep-black colourations on wool. The valuable
shades are obtained by first dyeing wool in the ordinary way with the colouring-
matters, and then treating the dyed fabric with a chromate, or a chrome salt.
The fabric assumes a deep-black colour, and has a beautifully blueish, greenish
or blue-violet, cast upon looking over the goods, and the shades are of
extraordinary fastness. Further, the intensity of the colour is considerably
increased. The shades produced are fast to alkali and acid; the fastness to
washing and fulling is good, and in point of fastness to light the shades so
obtained are very excellent.
The disazo colouring-matters that are used are those obtained from ortho-
amido-phenol-para-sulphoacid, with alpha-naphthylamine, as middle component,
and a naphthol, or dioxy-naphthalene, or sulphoacids thereof, as end component.
The following example will serve to further illustrate the nature of the inven
tion:
of
Take, say, 30 kilogrammes of merino cloth, and dye this in a bath composed
of 900 litres of water, 1 kilogrammes of calcined Glauber salt, and one kilogram
the colouring-matter from ortho-amido-phenol-para-sulphoacid, alpha-
naphthylamine, and beta-naphthol-3-sulphoacid. Dye first by boiling the
goods for a quarter-of-an-hour in this bath while neutral. Then add two kilos.
of sodium bisulphate, which can, if desired, be replaced partly, or wholly, by
acetic, or other acids. The sodium bisulphate (or its substitute) is preferably
added in four portions at intervals of about a quarter-of-an-hour. When the
bath is exhausted add to it about 600 grammes of potassium-bichromate, and
boil the goods in the solution so obtained for half-an-hour. Swill the goods and
work up in the usual way. The treatment with bichromate can be effected in
a separate bath if desired. The manner of dyeing remains the same if instead
of the colouring-matter stated in the example the other disazo dyes herein defined
be taken.
The above example describes a good way of working in practice according

page_text: to which it is possible to readily obtain a certain definite shade, but the manner
of proceeding may be varied without departure from the nature of the invention;
thus the chromium compound used may be added to the dyebath at the start, or
when the dyeing has been partly effected. Further the dyebaths after the removal
of the goods contain some of the chromium compound, this can be utilised by
adding a fresh proportion of dye and dyeing another batch of goods from the same
liquid, adding, during the operations, the further requisite quantity of chromium
compound, and so on.
The following table indicates the shade obtained with the colouring-matters
containing the components mentioned, as end components.
Improvements in the Production of Fast Black Shades on Wool.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been
communicated to me from abroad by the Badische Anilin, & Soda Fabrik, of
Ludwigshafen-on-Rhine, in the German Empire), and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object, the production by the aid of the disazo dyes
which are obtained from ortho-amido-phenol-para-sulphoacid, of beautiful black
shades on woollen goods, which shades possess a valuable degree of fastness.
Some of these secondary disazo dyes have long been known, and have been
patented under the English Letters Patent No. 10845, A.D. 1888 but, when dyed
in the usual way, they yield shades which are not beautiful and vary from violet to
foxy-black. They have not been adopted in the dyeing industry, and the rights
under the said Letters Patent have been allowed to lapse.
My foreign correspondents have discovered that these dyes can be used for the
production of valuable fast deep-black colourations on wool. The valuable
shades are obtained by first dyeing wool in the ordinary way with the colouring-
matters, and then treating the dyed goods with a chromate, or a chrome salt.
The goods assume a deep-black colour, and a beautiful blueish, greenish,, or
blue-violet cast, is observed upon looking over the goods, and the shades are, of
Cr in

page_text: extraordinary fastness. Further, the intensity of the colour is considerably
increased. The shades produced are fast to alkali and acid; the fastness to
washing and fulling is good, and as regards fastness to light the shades so
obtained are very excellent.
The disazo colouring-matters that are used are those obtained from ortho-
amido-phenol-para-sulphoacid, with alpha-naphthylamine, as middle component,
and a naphthol, or dioxy-naphthalene, or sulphoacids thereof, as end com-
ponent.
The following example will serve to further illustrate the nature of the
invention and the manner in which it can be carried into practical effect:-
Take, say, thirty kilogrammes of merino cloth, and dye this in a bath com-
posed of nine hundred litres of water, one and half kilogrammes of calcined
Glauber salt, and one kilogramm of the colouring-matter from ortho-amido-
phenol-para-sulphoacid, alpha-naphthylamine, and beta-naphthol-3-sulphoacid.
Dye first by boiling the goods for a quarter of an hour in this bath, while
neutral. Then add two kilos. of sodium bi-sulphate, which can, if desired, be
replaced partly, or wholly, by acetic, sulphuric, or other acid. The sodium
bi-sulphate (or its substitute) is preferably added in four portions, at intervals
of about a quarter of an hour. When the bath is exhausted add to it about six
hundred grammes of potassium-bichromate, and boil the goods in the solution so
obtained for half-an-hour. Swill the goods and work up in the usual way.
The treatment with bi-chromate can be effected in a separate bath if desired.
The manner of obtaining the new fast black shades is the same if instead of the
colouring-matter stated in the example the other disazo dyes herein defined be
taken.
The above example describes a good way of working in practice according to
which it is possible to readily obtain a certain definite shade, but the manner of
proceeding may be varied without departure from the nature of the invention;
thus the chormium compound used may be added to the dye-bath at the start,
or when the dyeing has been partly effected. Further the dye-baths after the
removal of the goods contain some of the chromium compound this can be utilised
by adding a fresh proportion of dye and dyeing another batch of goods from the
same liquid, adding, during the operations, the further requisite quantity of
chromium compound, and so on.
The following table indicates the shades obtained with the colouring-matters
containing the components mentioned, as end components.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: —
1. The production of fast black shades on wool by treating the wool in an acid
bath with a disazo-colouring-matter, obtained from ortho-amido-phenol-para-
sulphoacid and herein before defined, and with a chromate, or chrome salt.

page_text: 2. The production of fast black shades on wool by treating the wool with a
disazo colouring-matter herein before defined and a bi-chromate substantially in
the manner described under the foregoing example.
Dated this 24th day of November 1899.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.