Improvements in or relating to Burning Liquid Hydro-carbons in Conjunction with an Incandescent Hood or Mantle to Produce an Incandescent Oil Burner.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 18th Sept., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Burning Liquid Hydro-carbons in
Conjunction with an Incandescent Hood or Mantle to Produce an
Incandescent Oil Burner.
I, JACOB LEOPOLD WALDAFFEL of 73 Ehrenstrasse, Cologne-on-the-Rhine,
Germany, Official, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to incandescent lamps for liquid hydro-carbons
the arrangement being such that that part of the apparatus in which the gases are
mixed and filtered is built into the reservoir for the liquid. By this means the gases
are not cooled on their way to the mixing and filtering apparatus but on the contrary
are super-heated whereby a splendid and intensely bright light is produced.
A lamp of this kind is illustrated in section in the accompanying drawings.
The vessel A forms a reservoir for the liquid to be vaporised. The latter
consists advantageously of a mixture of petroleum and spirit. Into this reservoir A
there is built a vessel B fixed to the upper cover b' and which contains in its interior
a smaller vessel C in which is arranged a filter or a mixing apparatus.
Below
A pipe or tube R extends for this purpose from the bottom 6 of the cylinder C
upwards and opens into the mixing device proper E. The latter consists of a
number of small layers or washers of felt f with intermediate wire gauze r.
The mixing device is provided at its upper end with a closing cap g.
this cap there are two pipes D D¹ which branch off from the mixing device and
extend in the cylinder C downwards almost as far as the bottom b. These pipes are
open at their lower ends so that the gases can escape therefrom. The head b¹
of the cylinder Chas an outlet aperture through which passes a pipe H¹ the upper
end of which is bent in a downward direction and opens into the gas holder L
so that the gas flowing through the same is directed downwardly before it can rise
towards the top.
This has for object to prevent a direct passage of the gas to the lamp. There is
further provided in the head 6' a pipe a which projects downwardly and through
which any condensed vapour can flow away.
A short distance below its upper edge the cylinder B is provided at its periphery
with openings a through which the gas can pass from the vessel A into the
cylinder B.
Below the opening (or openings) there is provided a sheet metal guard N which
has for object to prevent the liquid from boiling over into the vessel B.
A safety valve M has for its object to allow of regulating the pressure in the
vessel B; and a cover P serves for screwing on the incandescent lamp.
A pipe J branches off from the bottom of the vessel B extends through the
bottom d of the vessel A and is provided at its lower end with a valve cock O that
is fitted with a burner O¹.
The operation of an apparatus of this kind is then as follows: _
The liquid having been heated by means of an auxiliary lamp the gas masses

page_text: through the apertures a into the vessel B and down in the direction of the
arrow.
Here the gas passes through the pipe R upwards through the mixing or filtering
device E and then passes in the pipes D and D 'downwards.
In its passage the gas is further heated from the outside by the heated liquid
so that the gas passes in a thoroughly super-heated state into the gas holder L.
A further advantage of the pipes 1 D consists that in the velocity with which
the gas has hitherto flowed to the lamp when it has been generated with rapidity
is obviated.
At the lower end the gas passes into the interior of the cylinder C and flows
though the pipe H' into the gas-holder L where it is compelled to flow towards
the bottom of said gas holder and then to flow upwards again so as to regulate
its velocity on entering the lamp.
As soon as gas is generated the valve cock 0 can be opened and the gas flowing
through the burner O¹ can be ignited so that continuous working is possible.
Instead of arranging the pipe R so as to extend straight through the cylinder it
may be coiled in the form of a worm with the object of enabling any refractory
constituents to become condensed and be precipitated in the said coil pipe and
flow back again into the reservoir.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:―
1. The combination with an incandescent lamp of a reservoir such as A a vessel
such as B within same, a vessel such as C within said vessel B, a tube such as R
leading from the lower part of said vessel B to the filtering or mixing device E,
downwardly extending branch pipes 1 leading from the device E to the lower
part of vessel C, a pipe H (which is bent at its end) leading from vessel C into the
gas-holder L and thence to the hood or mantle whilst a pipe J extends from the
cylinder B through the bottom d downwards and carries at its end a valve cock
such as O with a burner such as O¹ for the purpose of heating the reservoir to
vaporise the liquid hydrocarbons therein all arranged and acting substantially
in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
drawings hereunto annexed."
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant