IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES." A communication from abroad by
James Albert Bonsack. of Bonsack's. in the County of Roanoke, State of
Virginia, United States of America, Manufacturer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1881.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING
CIGARETTES." [A communication from abroad by James Albert Bonsack, of
Bonsack's, in the County of Roanoke, State of Virginia, United States of America,
Manufacturer.]
This Invention relates to improvements in certain machines for making
cigarettes, which operate on the general principle of forming the sbredded tobacco
first into a continuous roll or filler, then wrapping a continuous strip of paper
longitudinally around this filler, then pasting its meeting edges, and finally cutting
this continuous cigarette into definite lengths and counting them. For this purpose
said machine comprised a combination of a concave with rollers covered with card
cloth, and also a reciprocating belt for distributing and spreading the tobacco for a
uniform and homogeneous feed; also in a peculiarly constructed tapering tube
having an endless belt passing through it, which received the tobacco and was
curled up longitudinally as it passed through the tube to form a filler, and which
filler was then delivered to another endless belt which carried the filler and a strip
of paper through another peculiar tube that wrapped the paper around the filler
and held it while being pasted.
The present Invention consists principally in means for ensuring the more
uniform passage of the tobacco under the concaves in a brush mounted upon the
frame of and combined with the reciprocating spreading belt for positively clearing

page_text: it of the tobacco shreds, which have a tendency to adhere and interfere with the
uniformity of the spreading and distributing action; also in a presser roller for
co-operating with the concaves, and a toothed belt to prevent the tobacco from
piling up in front of said concave. It also consists in the novel construction and
arrangement of the filler forming devices, for which purpose I use three steel belts,
which are arranged to form a converging trough, and all travel in the same direction
and cooperate with a wheel which presses the filler into an approximately square
shape. The Invention also further consists in improved means for cutting off the
cigarette roll into definite lengths.
In the general construction of the improved machine the tobacco feeding and
distributing devices are arranged as heretofore, that is to say, so that the travel of
the stock in these devices is at right angles to the travel of the stock in the filler
forming and paper wrapping and pasting devices.
The tobacco is first spread by hand upon an endless belt, and carried by a feed
roller under the concave. The tobacco is acted on by a distributing roller, from
which a stripping roller takes off the tobacco and throws it down upon the endless
spreading belt. The belt is distended about rollers which are mounted upon a
frame sliding horizontally on guide rods from the action of a rocking arm and con-
necting rod, so that while the belt travels in its endless circuit it also distributes
or spreads the tobacco on another subjacent belt, so that the tobacco does not fall
on the latter in piles. The latter belt passes around rollers, and its upper section
is supported by a subjacent table. There is a second concave, a second distributing
roller, and a second stripping roller, which correspond in their relation and function
to those above mentioned. These last rollers discharge the tobacco into a chute,
which delivers it to the filler forming devices, which I will hereafter describe.
As so far described the improved machine does not differ materially from the
corresponding construction of the machine previously in use. I will now proceed
to describe the improvements.
It has been found in the old device that with plain rollers underneath the
concaves the tobacco would at times fail to pass under the concave, but would pile
up in front of the same until the increased friction of a larger bulk compelled it to
enter, when it would pass to the distributing roller in a lump, which could not be
sufficiently distributed by the subsequent operations. To obviate this I cover the
surface of the first roller beneath the concave with a series of teeth, which may be
permanently located on the roller, or which may be located on the belt that passes
around the roller. In either case the concave bears against the teeth projecting
from the round surface of the roller, and the teeth or pins positively carry the
tobacco beneath the concave as fast as it is fed to the same by the belt, and does
not allow any tobacco to hang back or pile up in front of the concave.
upper concave I prefer to make the teeth directly on the feed roller, so as to avoid
teeth on the belt, which would be liable to prick the hand of the feeder, while at
the lower concave I prefer to use a plain roller, and place the teeth on the belt that
passes around the same. Instead of using card cloth teeth on the distributing
rollers as before, I also prefer to use larger and straight and well defined teeth,
which are arranged in parallel rows around the cylinder about 3/8 of an inch apart,
and which rows of teeth alternate with the rows of teeth on the upper feed roller
or the lower belt. Such arrangement of teeth it is found effects a more perfect
transfer of tobacco from one surface to the other.
At the
As the endless spreading belt reciprocates over the subjacent belt to spread the
tobacco thereon, I have found that small particles of tobacco will adhere to the
upper belt, and instead of dropping off at the end of this belt they pass around
with it, dropping tobacco through the machine, and also interfering with the
regularity of the feed. To correct this I mount a rotary brush in bearings in the
end of its frame next to the delivery end of the belt, to which brush is imparted a
rotary motion, so that its action is to positively clear the belt of all tobacco in a
regular and uniform manner, which brush thus cooperates with the reciprocating
belt in securing an even and uniform delivery of the tobacco to the subjacent belt.

page_text: This brush reciprocates with the frame of the endless belt, and is to be rotated by
a short band connecting with a pulley on its nearest roller.
When the tobacco drops upon the toothed belt I have found that the masses will
sometimes be sustained upon the tops of the teeth, and when such a clot reaches
the concave it is not positively drawn under the same by the teeth as it should be.
To provide for this I place just over the second roller and beside the second concave
a presser roller, which bears upon the teeth of the belt, and forces the tobacco well
down between the said teeth, so as to cause the latter to positively carry the same
into the concave.
I will now proceed to describe the devices for forming the evenly distributed
tobacco into a filler before receiving its wrapper. As the tobacco is stripped from
the second distributing roller it falls into the chute, and passes in a thin sheet
through a slit in the bottom of said chute into a trough composed of three metal belts.
This trough is arranged immediately beneath the elongated opening in the bottom
of the chute, and it extends at right angles to the general direction of the feeding
and distributing devices. The first belt is distended about two horizontal pulleys,
which have flanges at their upper edges to hold the belt down, while the second
belt is distended about corresponding horizontal pulleys similarly equipped with
flanges. The third belt passes around two vertical pulleys. The adjacent sides of
the first and second belts form the two vertical walls of the trough, while the upper
side of the third belt forins the bottom of said trough. Backing strips of wood are
placed on the outer sides of those sections of the belt that form the trough, and
reinforce the trough so as to make its walls unyielding as against pressure from
within. These strips also serve to guide the belts and distend them to the proper
shape; thus they cause the first and second belts to converge from one pair of their
pulleys to a point, then run parallel for a short distance, and thence diverge to their
other pair of pulleys. The two belts are guided by the flanges of the pulleys at the
top, and the third belt at the bottom, and the latter belt is guided by metal strips
inserted between the backing strips. At the point where the two sides of the
trough are parallel a disc or wheel is arranged, which wheel exactly fits between
the sides of the trough, and has a straight or square periphery that forces the
tobacco down to cause it to be compressed into an approximately square filler; this
disc or wheel is mounted in bearings above the trough, and it rotates passively by
the feeding of the tobacco underneath the same. Instead of using this disc or
wheel for this purpose, I may use a short supplemental belt with a roller on the
top of it; or I may simply employ a spring finger for pressing down the tobacco.
As the tobacco falls into this trough it is carried along by the movement of the
steel belts forming such trough, which tobacco is gradually compressed by the con-
vergence of the trough and the action of the disc to form a continuous filler.
giving motion to these two belts I form the pulleys with bevel teeth on their lower
edges, and these I make to engage with bevel teeth on the opposite sides of the
pulley carrying the lower belt, so that all of these steel belts travel with the same
rate of speed. These belts may be geared to be driven at either the wide or the
narrow end of the trough by substantially the same mechanism. The pulley of
the lower belt is arranged upon a shaft that derives motion from a long shaft
through a bevel gear. As the filler or compressed line of tobacco issues from the
end of the steel belt trough it is delivered upon the strip of paper, and with the
paper is carried by an endless belt through the wrapping tube, where it is operated
upon by the paste wheel, which is supplied by paste through devices just as
heretofore. This is effected as follows:-The pasting tube at one end is formed
like a trough to receive the filler, and into this end of the tube passes the endless
leather belt, and upon which is fed the paper strip that constitutes the wrapper for
the cigarette. The middle part of the tube has its edges lapped, so as to cause the
belt and paper strip to lap, and as the tube converges the more it converges the
more the belt and paper strip lap. At the end of the middle section of the tube
one edge is flared up to allow the paste wheel to touch the edge of the paper, and
then the tube closes again to force the pasted edge of the paper against the lapped
For

page_text: edge and make a permanent wrapper.
The belt then emerges, and after passing
around pulleys returns to the trough end of the tube. The paste wheel is driven
by a pulley, and receives paste from a distributing wheel, which takes it from a
reservoir. Out of this reservoir the paste is forced by a plunger having a screw
threaded stem, over which is fitted a worm nut turned by a worm, and whose
revolution forces the screw stem and plunger down. As the continuous cigarette
leaves the belt it passes to the cutting devices. For cutting the cigarette into
definite lengths I give to the cutting devices a secondary movement in the same
direction with the cigarette as it emerges from the machine. The object of this is
as follows: When the machine is in rapid action the cigarette emerges at quite a
rapid rate, and in the interval in which it is being cut into lengths it is practically
stopped at its cut end in its progressive movement, but is still feeding from the
machine, and this has a tendency to double up the cigarette roll, and burst open
the freshly pasted edges. This is entirely overcome by giving to the cutting device
while in cutting action a movement along with the cigarette. I will now proceed
to describe particularly the devices for accomplishing this result. Just to one side
of the end of the wrapping and pasting belt from which the cigarette comes is
arranged a shaft carrying at one end a pulley and at the other end a cutting disc.
The pulley of the shaft is connected by belts and pulley with a pulley on a long
shaft, through which a rapid rotary action is given to the cutting disc or knife.
In line with the cigarette, and encompassing the same, is a tubular holder carried
upon the top of an arm, which is pivoted at its lower end, and carries also an
inverted U shaped piece which acts as a guard or holder for the cigarette that is
being cut off. The tubular holder passes on one side of the cutting disc, and the
guard on the other. Heretofore the cigarette has been cut off by moving the knife
against the cigarette, which necessitates a quick movement of a heavy and cumbrous
mechanism. Instead of moving the knife to the cigarette I bring the cigarette to the
knife by projecting the holder toward the disc. For this purpose a bar is pivoted
at the top, and has two brauches at its lower end, one of which has a slotted con-
nection with the arm carrying the cigarette holder, and the other of whose branches
is operated upon by a cam on the long shaft to project the cigarette and its holder
toward the knife, the said holder being in turn withdrawn by a spring acting on
the bar. Now to cause the knife to have a movement in line with the cigarette
while it is being cut, the rotary knife, its shaft, the cigarette holder, and its moving
arms, are all mounted upon a movable or sliding carriage, which rests upon the
main frame, and slides back and forth in line with the travel of the cigarette; this
carriage is drawn back by a spring, and when the knife is cutting is moved forward
by a cam on the end of the long shaft, which bears against a projection on the
carriage, and throws it out at the proper time.
It will be seen that I have not described any particular framework for carrying
the parts of the machine, nor any particular belt or gearing connections for giving
the proper motion to the several movable parts. These may be varied at will, and
can easily be supplied by the mechanic to suit the conditions of the case.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th January 1882.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING
CIGARETTES." A communication from abroad by James Albert Bonsack, of
Bonsack's, in the County of Roanoke, State of Virginia, United States of America,
Manufacturer.
This Invention relates to improvements in certain machines for making
cigarettes, which operate on the general principle of forming the shredded tobacco
first into a continuous roll or filler, then wrapping a continuous strip of paper
longitudinally around this filler, then pasting its meeting edges, and finally cutting
this continuous cigarette into definite lengths and counting them. For this purpose
said machine comprised a combination of a concave with rollers covered with card
cloth, and also a reciprocating belt for distributing and spreading the tobacco for a
uniform and homogeneous feed; also in a peculiarly constructed tapering tube
having an endless belt passing through it which received the tobacco and was
curled up longitudinally as it passed through the tube to form a filler, and which
filler was then delivered to another endless belt which carried the filler, and a
strip of paper through another peculiar tube that wrapped the paper around the
filler and held it while being pasted.
The present Invention consists principally in means for ensuring the more
uniform passage of the tobacco under the concaves, in a brush mounted upon
the frame of and combined with the reciprocating spreading belt for positively
clearing it of the tobacco shreds, which have a tendency to adhere and interfere
with the uniformity of the spreading and distributing action; also in a presser
roller for co-operating with the concaves, and a toothed belt to prevent the tobacco
from piling up in front of said concave. It also consists in the novel construction
and arrangement of the filler forming devices, for which purpose three steel belts
are employed, which are arranged to form a converging trough, and all travel in
the same direction and co-operate with a wheel which presses the filler into an
approximately square shape. The Invention also further consists in improved
means for cutting off the cigarette roll into definite lengths, all as will be herein-
after more fully described.
In the accompanying Drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine
partly in section; Figure 2 is a vertical section through the line x-x, of Figure 1,
looking in the direction of the arrow; Figure 3 is a plan view of the devices for
forming the cigarette roll or filler; Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged vertical cross
sections of the same through the lines y-y, and 2-2, Figure 3, respectively, looking
in the direction of the arrows; Figure 6 is an end view of the machine showing
devices for cutting off the cigarettes; Figure 7 is a plan view of these devices;
Figure S, a side view of the same looking in the direction of the arrow in Figure 7;
Figure 9, a view showing the alternating arrangement of teeth in the rolls and belt;
Figure 10 is a sectional view of the paper wrapping and pasting devices shown
detached; Figure 11 is an enlarged plan view of the paper wrapping and pasting
tube Gs; and Figures 12, 13, and 14, are cross sections of the same through the
lines x-x, y-y, and z-, showing the relation of the carrier belt and the paper
ribbon in the same.
In the general construction of the improved machine, the tobacco feeding and
distributing devices are arranged as heretofore, that is to say, so that the travel of
the stock in these devices is at right angles to the travel of the stock in the filler

page_text: forming and paper wrapping and pasting devices. Thus Figure 2 is a vertical
longitudinal section of the tobacco feeding and distributing devices, and Figure 1
shows an end view of the same with the filler forming and paper wrapping devices
extending therefrom in side view.
Referring to Figure 2, A represents the first endless belt upon which the tobacco
is spread by hand; B is the feed roller which carries the tobacco under the
concave B B is the distributing roller; and B3 is a stripping roller which takes
off the tobacco from B and throws it down upon the endless spreading belt C.
This belt C is distended about rollers C¹, C2, and these rollers are mounted upon a
frame C3 which slides horizontally on guide rods C by the action of a rocking
arm C and connecting rod C, so that while the belt travels in its endless circuit
it also distributes or spreads (as shown by dotted lines) the tobacco on another
subjacent belt D, so that the tobacco does not fall on the latter in piles. The
belt D passes around rollers E, D2, and its upper section is supported by a subjacent
table; E' is a second concave; E2, a second distributing roller; and E³, a second
stripping roller which correspond in their relation and function to B1, B2, B³.
These last rollers E2, E3, discharge the tobacco into a chute F, which delivers it to
the filler forming devices, which I will hereafter describe.
As so far described the improved machine does not differ materially from the
corresponding construction of the machine previously in use. I will now proceed
to describe the improvements.
It has been found in the old device that with plain rollers B and E underneath
the concaves the tobacco would at times fail to pass under the concave, but would
pile up in front of the same until the increased friction of a larger bulk compelled
it to enter, when it would pass to the distributing roller in a lump which could not
be sufficiently distributed by the subsequent operations. To obviate this I cover
the surface of the first roller beneath the concave with a series of teeth which may
be permanently located on the roller as at B, or which may be located on the
belt D that passes around the roller, as shown at E. In either case the concave
bears against the teeth projecting from the round surface of the roller, and the
teeth or pins positively carry the tobacco beneath the concave as fast as it is fed
to the saine by the belt, and does not allow any tobacco to hang back or pile up in
front of the concave. At the upper concave I prefer to make the teeth directly on
the roller B, so as to avoid teeth on belt A, which would be liable to prick the
hand of the feeder, while at the lower concave I prefer to use a plain roller E, and
place the teeth on the belt D that passes around the same. Instead of using card
cloth teeth on the distributing rollers B² and E² as before, I also prefer to use
larger and straight well defined teeth which are arranged in parallel rows around
the cylinder about 3/8ths of an inch apart, and which rows of teeth alternate with
the rows of teeth on the roll B or belt D (see Figure 9). Such arrangement of
teeth I find effects a more perfect transfer of the tobacco from one surface to the
other. As the belt C reciprocates over D to spread the tobacco on the latter, I
have found that small particles of tobacco will adhere to belt C, and instead of
dropping off at the end of this belt C, they pass around with it, dropping tobacco
through the machine and also interfering with the regularity of the feed. To correct
this I mount a rotary brush C8 in bearings in the end of the frame C³ next to the
delivery end of belt C, to which brush is imparted a rotary motion in the direction
of the arrow, so that its action is to positively clear the belt C of all tobacco in a
uniform and regular manner, which brush thus co-operates with the reciprocating
belt in securing an even and uniform delivery of the tobacco to the belt D.
brush reciprocates with the frame of the endless belt C, and is to be rotated by a
short band connecting with a pulley on the nearest roller C¹.
This
When the tobacco drops upon the toothed belt D I have found that the masses
will sometimes be sustained upon the tops of the teeth; and when such a clot
reaches the concave it is not positively drawn under the same by the teeth as it
should be. To provide for this I place just over the roller E and beside the
concave E' a presser roller C10, which bears upon the teeth of the belt D and forces

page_text: the tobacco well down between the said teeth, so as to cause the latter to positively
carry the same into the concave.
I will now proceed to describe the devices for forming the evenly distributed
tobacco into a filler before receiving its wrapper. As the tobacco is stripped from
the roller E it falls into the chute F, and passes in a thin sheet through a slit in
the bottom of said chute into a trough composed of three metal belts F', F2, F³,
(see Figures 3, 4, and 5). This trough is arranged immediately beneath the
elongated opening in the bottom of chute F, and it extends at right angles to the
general direction of the feeding and distributing devices shown in Figure 2. The
belt F is distended about two horizontal pulleys F, F, which have flanges at their
upper edges to hold the belt down, while F is distended about corresponding
horizontal pulleys F, F', similarly equipped with flanges. The belt F3 passes
around two vertical pulleys F³, Fº‍ The adjacent side of the two belts F1, F2, forin
the two vertical walls of the trough, while the upper side of belt F³ forms the
bottom of said trough. Backing strips of wood G, G, G, are placed on the outer
sides of those sections of the belt that form the trough and re-inforce the trough,
so as to make its walls unyielding as against pressure from within. These strips
also serve to guide the belts and distend them to the proper shape, thus they cause
the belts F, F, to converge from pulleys F5 and F7 to a point a, Figure 3, then
run parallel for a short distance, and thence diverge to the pulleys F' and F. The
two belts F1, F2, are guided by the flanges of the pulleys at the top and the belt F³
at the bottom (see Figures 4 and 5), and the belt F3 is guided by metal strips b, b,
inserted between the backing strips G and G¹. At the point a, where the two
sides of the trough are parallel, a disc or wheel H2 is arranged, which wheel exactly
fits between the sides of the trough and has a straight or square periphery that
forces the tobacco down to cause it to be compressed into an approximately square
filler. This disc or wheel H2 is mounted in bearings above the trough and it
rotates passively by the feeding of the tobacco underneath the same. Instead of
using this disc or wheel for this purpose I may use a short supplemental belt with
a roller on the top of it, or I may simply employ a spring finger for pressing down
the tobacco. As the tobacco falls into this trough it is carried along by the move-
ment of the steel belts forming such trough, which tobacco is gradually compressed
by the convergence of the trough and the action of the disc H2 to form a continuous
filler, Figure 1. For giving motion to these two belts I form the pulleys F
and F7 with bevel teeth on their lower edges (see Figures 2 and 3), and these I
make to engage with bevel teeth on the opposite sides of the pulley F carrying
the lower belt F³, so that all of these steel belts travel with the same rate of speed.
Instead of gearing these belts to be driven at the wide end of the trough, as shown,
they may be arranged to be driven from the narrow end by substantially the same
mechanisın. The pulley F is arranged upon a shaft that derives motion from a
long shaft Go through a bevel gear wheel c (Figures 1 and 3). As the filler or
compressed line of tobacco issues from the end of the steel belt trough, as at x³,
Figure 1, it is delivered upon the strip of paper H, and with the paper is carried
by endless belt G2 through the wrapping tube G³ where it is operated upon by the
paste wheel G, which is supplied with paste through devices G just as in the
former machine referred to. For the better illustration how this was effected I
have introduced the detail views, Figures 10 to 14, to which reference is now made.
The pasting tube G³ at one end is formed like a trough to receive the filler, and
into this end of the tube passes the endless leather belt G2, and upon which is fed
the paper strip H that constitutes the wrapper for the cigarette. The middle part
of the tube has its edges lapped so as to cause the belt and paper strip to lap, as
in Figure 14, and as the tube converges, the more it converges the more the belt and
paper strip lap. At the end of the middle section of the tube one edge is flared up,
as in Figure 13, to allow the paste wheel G₁ to touch the edge of the paper, and
then the tube closes again to force the pasted edge of the paper against the lapped
edge and make a permanent wrapper. The belt then emerges, and after passing
around pulleys H³, H', returns to the trough end of the tube. The paste wheel is

page_text: driven by a pulley a² and receives paste from a distributing wheel 62, which takes
it from a reservoir c². Out of this reservoir the paste is forced by a plunger d³,
having a screwthreaded stem e, over which is fitted a worm nut f turned by a
worm g³, and whose revolution forces the screw stem and plunger down. These
devices for wrapping and pasting the cigarette I do not however claim under this
Patent. As the continuous cigarette leaves the belt G³ it passes to the cutting
devices:
For cutting the cigarette into definite lengths I give to the cutting devices a
secondary movement in the same direction with the cigarette as it emerges from
the machine. The object of this is as follows:-When the machine is in rapid
action the cigarette emerges at quite a rapid rate, and in the interval in which it is
being cut into lengths it is practically stopped at its cut end in its progressive
movement but is still feeding from the machine, and this has a tendency to double
up the cigarette roll and burst open the freshly pasted edges. This is entirely
overcome by giving to the cutting device while in cutting action a movement along
with the cigarette. I will now proceed to describe particularly the devices for
accomplishing this result. Just to one side of the end of the wrapping and pasting
belt from which the cigarette comes is arranged a shaft d (see Figure 7) carrying
at one end a pulley e and at the other end a cutting disc f. The pulley e of the
shaft is connected by belts and pulley g with a pulley on the long shaft G through
which a rapid rotary action is given to the cutting disc or knife. In line with the
cigarette and encompassing the same is a tubular holder carried upon the top of
an arm i, Figure 6, which is pivoted at its lower end and carries also an inverted
U shaped piece j which acts as a guard or holder for the cigarette that is being
cut off. The tubular holder / passes on one side of the cutting disc, and the guard j
on the other.
Heretofore the cigarette has been cut off by moving the knife against the
cigarette, which necessitates a quick movement of a heavy and cumbrous
mechanism. Instead of moving the knife to the cigarette I bring the cigarette to the
knife by projecting the holder h toward the disk, as shown in dotted lines, Figure 6.
For this purpose a bar is pivoted at its top and has two branches at its lower end,
one of which has a slotted connection with the arm i carrying the cigarette holder,
and the other of whose branches is operated upon by a cam m, see Figure 7, on
the long shaft G³ to project the cigarette and its holder toward the knife, the said
holder being in turn withdrawn by a spring n acting on bar i.
Now to cause the
knife to have a movement in line with the cigarette while it is being cut, the
rotary knife, its shaft, the cigarette holder and its moving arms are all mounted
upon a movable or sliding carriage 0 (see Figures 8 and 7) which rests upon the
main frame and slides back and forth in line with the travel of the cigarette.
This carriage is drawn back by a spring P, and when the knife is cutting is moved
forward (as shown in dotted lines) by a cam q on the end of the shaft G³ which
bears against a projection on the carriage O and throws it out at the proper
time.
It will be seen that I have not described any particular framework for carrying
the parts of the machine, nor any particular belt or gearing connections for giving
the proper motion to the several movable parts, as these may be varied at will and
can easily be supplied by the mechanic to suit the conditions of the case.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. In a cigarette machine the combination with a toothed distributing roller
and a concave of a roller located at the entering side of the concave and having
teeth upon its periphery which co-operate with the concave for feeding the stock
to the distributing cylinder and preventing it from piling up on the outside, as set
forth.
2nd. The combination with the endless spreading belt C and its reciprocating

page_text: frame or carriage of a rotary brush C³ located at the delivery end of said belt and
mounted upon its carrying frame so as to reciprocate with it, as described.
3rd. The combination with the distributing toothed roller E², the concave E',
and roller E of the toothed belt D passing around the roller E between the same
and the concave, substantially as and for the purpose described.
4th. The combination with the concave E¹, the roller E, and the toothed belt D
passing around roller E, as described, of a presser roller C10 for forcing the tobacco
down between the teeth of the belt before passing beneath the concave, as
described.
5th. A device for forming a continuous cigarette filler consisting essentially of
three endless metal belts arranged to form a trough, as described, and a pressing
surface acting in the open side of the trough, all combined as and for the purpose
described.
6th. The combination with the three endless metal belts forming a trough, as
described, of backing strips for guiding said belts and forming a resistance as
against internal pressure, as described.
7th. The combination with the endless metal belt F3 of the two belts F1, F2,
arranged at right angles to F3, and the pulleys F¼, F5, F6, F7, having flanges at
their upper edges to hold these belts down closely upon F³, as shown and
described.
8th. The combination with the three endless metal belts, arranged as described,
of three pulleys located at one end of the said belts and three other pulleys located
at the other end of the belts, one of said sets of pulleys being connected together
by bevel gears for the equal and uniform travel of the belts, as shown and
described.
9th. The combination with a rotary cutting disc of an adjustable holder for the
cigarette roll and mechanism connecting with said holder for projecting said
cigarette roll against the cutting disc (instead of the disc against the cigarette roll),
as and for the purpose described.
10th. The combination with a cigarette machine which makes a continuous
cigarette of a cutting device having when in cutting action a secondary movement
in the same direction with the cigarette as it emerges from the machine, as and for
the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, A.D. 1882,