IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Charles Raymond Okes, of Maida Vale, Marylebone,
and Henry Robinson, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster,
both in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FILTER PRESSES."
Sealed the 2nd April 1878, and dated the 16th January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Charles Raymond Okes,
and Henry Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
16th January 1878.
JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, of Maida Vale, Marylebone, and HENRY ROBIN-
SON, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, both in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES."
The main object of this Invention is so to construct filter presses, as to afford
greater facility for separating the parts of same for the purpose of cleaning or
taking out the cakes of solid residue, and also generally to simplify the construction
and mode of using the same.
We construct our filter press of a number of frames, each having its filtering
cloth or cloths or other filtering appliances; these frames may be constructed in any
suitable and well-known manner, and be held together between a head and a
follower by means of a screw; or in some cases where greater power is advisable, we
apply hydraulic pressure to the follower. The frames may be carried and guided
on a bar at each side.
We prefer to make each frame with a recess all round near the edge on each side,
and having placed a filtering cloth, wire mat, or other filtering appliance thereon,
we place a ring in each recess over the cloth or mat; the cloths may be fixed to the
rings. The fluid enters at one end of the press, and the frames may be of the form
shown in the Specification of Patent No. 587 of 1867, but modified to suit the
aforesaid rings and recesses therefor.
We connect the frames and the follower by means of slotted links, bars, hooks, or
latches or other suitable connecting pieces, so constructed and fitted, that on un-
screwing or otherwise withdrawing the follower, the frames shall by these con-

page_text: nections, be withdrawn as required from one another successively, leaving the
necessary space for cleaning out; we thus by one screwing operation avoid the
heretofore troublesome separate withdrawing of each frame. Counterweight or
spring appliance may be arranged to assist or to perform this operation; or instead
of the screw, the follower may be withdrawn (and thereby also the frames separated
from one another by hydraulic or other power.
Instead of applying the screw or other power directly to the follower, a knuckle
joint may be applied sideways to the press, one link of the knuckle joint being
connected to the fixed head or other fixed part of the press, and the other link to
the follower.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Charles Raymond Okes and Henry Robinson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th July 1878.
JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, of Maida Vale, Marylebone, and HENRY
ROBINSON, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, both in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES."
The main object of this Invention is so to construct filter presses as to afford
greater facility for separating the parts of same for the purpose of cleaning or
taking out the cakes of solid residue, and also generally to improve and simplify the
construction and mode of using the same.
We construct our filter press of a number of frames or "plates," each having its
filtering cloth or cloths or mats, or other filtering appliances; these frames may be
constructed in any suitable and well-known manner, and be held together between
a head and a follower by means of a screw or other mechanical appliance; or in
some cases where a greater power is advisable we apply hydraulic, steam, com-
pressed air, or other fluid pressure to the follower. The frames may be carried and
guided on a bar at each side.
We prefer to make each frame or "plate" with a recess all round near the edge on
each side, and having placed a filtering cloth, wire mat, or other filtering appliance
thereon; we place a ring in each recess over the cloth or mat; the cloths may be
fixed to the rings. The fluid enters at one end of the press, and the frames may
be of the form shewn in the Specification, No. 587 of 1867, but modified to suit the
aforesaid rings and recesses therefor.
We connect the frames and the follower by means of slotted links, bars, books, or
latches, or other suitable connecting piece or pieces so constructed and fitted, that
on unscrewing or otherwise withdrawing the follower, the frames shall by these
connections be withdrawn as required from one another successively (or it may be
simultaneously), leaving the necessary space for cleaning out. We thus by one
screwing or other withdrawing operation avoid the heretofore troublesome separate
withdrawing of each frame. Counterweight or spring appliance may be arranged to

page_text: assist or to perform this operation; or instead of the screw, the follower may be with-
drawn (and thereby also the frames separated from one another) by hydraulic or
other power.
Instead of applying the screw or other power directly to the follower a knuckle
joint may be applied sideways to the press, one link of the knuckle joint being
connected to the fixed head or other fixed part of the press, and the other link to
the follower.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation of a press constructed
according to this Invention; Figure 2 is a plan of same.
Figure 3, a front elevation; Figure 4, a back elevation; Figure 5, a vertical cross
section showing one of the filter plates or frames; and Figure 6 is an enlarged view
of one of the latter.
The filter plates or franes may for the purpose of one part of this Invention be
of any convenient or well-known form and construction so long as they are con-
nected by means of links or other connections; this part of our Invention is appli-
cable to filter presses in general, but we have in the Drawing shewn some inodes of
connection applied to some constructions of filter presses.
A is the back standard, and B the front standard of the filter press; C is the
follower, and D, D, the filter plates or frames; E is a screw, one end of which is
held on the follower C; but so as to turn therein; F is the nut for the screw; this
nut is held in the front standard B; G is a fly wheel or hand wheel attached to the
nut. The filter plates D are guided on the tie bars H, and are in Figures 1, 2, and
5 shewn connected by means of links d fitted on pins, pegs, or projections d', formed
or fixed on the filter plates D, so that the links d can freely turn or swivel thereon.
The links d are by preference formed each with a flat at the upper part; this flat
forms a stop against the under side of the lugs D¹ on the filter plates D, when the
latter are pulled apart sufficiently for cleaning. Figure 2 shews seven of the filter
plates D pulled apart; this is accomplished by turning the fly wheel G (and the nut
Fattached thereto) so as to release the filter frames D from one another. By the
construction of connecting links here shewn they are pulled apart successively,
beginning at the fly wheel or front end of the filter press. The pulling apart and
pressing together may be done by hand power, or it may be done by strap con-
nection on to a strap pulley, which may be fixed to the fly wheel, as shewn in
dotted lines in Figure 2. Self-acting striking gear may be arranged in connection
therewith for shifting the strap when the filter plates are in the ultimate closed-up
and opened-out positions.
The counterweights I, I, serve to assist the drawing apart of the filter plates.
The construction of the filter plates will be understood from Figures 5 and 6.
They are formed with concentric grooves and with radial grooves.
For the escape
of the expressed fluid they are formed with several holes e, e, drilled or cast into the
lower edge, and connected with the grooves by small holes pierced through, so as
to meet the holes e. Lis the pipe for supplying the fluid to be filtered, and l, l,
branch pipes from same; these branch pipes communicate through the back standard
A with the passages 11, 11, in the filter plates D.
Figure 8 is a face view of a filter plate of a similar construction with the filtering
cloth in position, and Figure 9 a vertical cross section of same, shewing the cloth
inserted on one side only; the holes are however arranged in a somewhat different
manner; is an india-rubber ring cemented on to the side of the filter plate for
forming a joint with the adjoining filter plate; g is a piece of wire bent into a
circle, and sprung into a groove formed in each side or face of the filter plate.
Figure 10 is a separate sectional view of this ring with the filter cloth h, sewn
thereto by a pleat all round. The india-rubber joint ring may be cemented
in a groove formed in one side of the plate, the other side of same being formed
with a projecting rim which makes a joint with the joint ring of the adjoining
plate."
66
Figure 11 illustrates another mode of connecting the filter plates, some of them

page_text: being shewn closed up, and some of them pulled apart; d, d, are the links of a
chain, every fourth link of which takes on to a peg or pin d' on a filter plate.
Figure 12 illustrates another mode of connecting the filter plates; d, d, are long
links of a chain, each link taking on pegs or pins d¹ on the filter plates.
Figure 13 is plan of a filter press, actuated by hydraulic or other fluid pressure.
E is an hydraulic cylinder, and E¹ a piston working therein. Water or other
fluid under pressure is admitted to one side or the other of the piston E¹, thereby
compressing the filter plates D, or pulling them apart by means of a slide valve M,
which may be actuated by a lever. The filter plates may be held together by the
hydraulic or other pressure, or some mechanical means may be applied, such as
wedge screw, cam, or other clamps or chocks.
Figure 14 is a plan illustrating another mode of carrying out this Invention, viz.,
by means of knuckle joint action. E, E, are knuckle joint links connected to nuts
F, riiting on a right and left handed screw E¹, which may be worked by hand
power applied to a fly wheel G, or by a strap and strap pulley. The screw E¹ runs
easily in trunnions F¹, which can slide on the tie bars H, and thus prevent sagging
of the screw.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, we
declare that we claim,--
Firstly. Connecting the follower and the filter plates or frames of filter pressers
by means of links or equivalent means, so that when the follower is withdrawn, the
filter plates shall thereby be separated from each other.
Secondly. The modes and means here shewn and described for connecting the
follower and filter plates with each other for the purpose set forth.
Thirdly. The mode of fitting a filter cloth to a filter plate by fastening same to a
ring as set forth.
Fourthly. The construction or adaptation of filter plates relatively to the mode of
attaching the filter cloths, and to the connection of the filter plates with one another,
and with the followers set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Charles Raymond Okes and Henry
Robinson, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Charles Raymond Okes, of Maida Vale, Marylebone,
and Henry Robinson, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster,
both in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FILTER PRESSES."
Sealed the 2nd April 1878, and dated the 16th January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Charles Raymond Okes,
and Henry Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
16th January 1878.
JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, of Maida Vale, Marylebone, and HENRY ROBIN-
SON, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, both in the County of
Middlesex. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES."
"
The main object of this Invention is so to construct filter presses, as to afford
greater facility for separating the parts of same for the purpose of cleaning or
taking out the cakes of solid residue, and also generally to simplify the construction
and mode of using the same.
We construct our filter press of a number of frames, each having its filtering
cloth or cloths or other filtering appliances; these frames may be constructed in any
suitable and well-known manner, and be held together between a head and a
follower by means of a screw; or in some cases where greater power is advisable, we
apply hydraulic pressure to the follower. The frames may be carried and guided
on a bar at each side.
We prefer to make each frame with a recess all round near the edge on each side,
and having placed a filtering cloth, wire mat, or other filtering appliance thereon,
we place a ring in each recess over the cloth or mat; the cloths may be fixed to the
rings. The fluid enters at one end of the press, and the frames may be of the form
shown in the Specification of Patent No. 587 of 1867, but modified to suit the
aforesaid rings and recesses therefor.
We connect the frames and the follower by means of slotted links, bars, books, or
latches or other suitable connecting pieces, so constructed and fitted, that on un-
screwing or otherwise withdrawing the follower, the frames shall by these con-
21

page_text: nections, be withdrawn as required from one another successively, leaving the
necessary space for cleaning out; we thus by one screwing operation avoid the
heretofore troublesome separate withdrawing of each frame. "Counterweight or
spring appliance may be arranged to assist or to perform this operation; or instead
of the screw, the follower may be withdrawn (and thereby also the frames separated
from one another by hydraulic or other power.
Instead of applying the screw or other power directly to the follower, a knuckle
joint may be applied sideways to the press, one link of the knuckle joint being
connected to the fixed head or other fixed part of the press, and the other link to
the follower.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Charles Raymond Okes and Henry Robinson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th July 1878.
JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, of Maida Vale, Marylebone, and HENRY
ROBINSON, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, both in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES."
The main object of this Invention is so to construct filter presses as to afford
greater facility for separating the parts of same for the purpose of cleaning or
taking out the cakes of solid residue, and also generally to improve and simplify the
construction and mode of using the same.
We construct our filter press of a number of frames or "plates," each having its
filtering cloth or cloths or mats, or other filtering appliances; these frames may be
constructed in any suitable and well-known manner, and be held together between
a head and a follower by means of a screw or other mechanical appliance; or in
some cases where a greater power is advisable we apply hydraulic, steam, com-
pressed air, or other fluid pressure to the follower. The frames may be carried and
guided on a bar at each side.
We prefer to make each frame or "plate" with a recess all round near the edge on
each side, and having placed a filtering cloth, wire mat, or other filtering appliance
thereon; we place a ring in each recess over the cloth or mat; the cloths may be
fixed to the rings. The fluid enters at one end of the press, and the frames may
be of the form shewn in the Specification, No. 587 of 1867, but modified to suit the
aforesaid rings and recesses therefor.
Wo connect the frames and the follower by means of slotted links, bars, hooks, or
latches, or other suitable connecting piece or pieces so constructed and fitted, that
on unscrewing or otherwise withdrawing the follower, the frames shall by these
connections be withdrawn as required from one another successively (or it may be
simultaneously), leaving the necessary space for cleaning out. We thus by one
screwing or other withdrawing operation avoid the heretofore troublesome separate
withdrawing of each frame. Counterweight or spring appliance may be arranged to

page_text: assist or to perform this operation; or instead of the screw, the follower may be with-
drawn (and thereby also the: frames separated from one another) by hydraulic or
other power.
Instead of applying the screw or other power directly to the follower a knuckle
joint may be-applied sideways to the press, one link of the knuckle joint being
connected to the fixed head or other fixed part of the press, and the other link to
the follower.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation of a press constructed.
according to this Invention; Figure 2. is a plan of same.
Figure 3, a front elevation; Figure 4, a back elevation; Figure 5, a vertical cross
section showing one of the filter plates or frames; and Figure 6 is an enlarged view
of one of the latter.
The filter plates or frames may for the purpose of one part of this Invention be
of any convenient or well-known form and construction so long as they are con-
nected by means of links or other connections; this part of our Invention is appli-
cable to filter presses in general, but we have in the Drawing shewn some modes of
connection applied to some constructions of filter presses.
A is the back standard, and B the front standard of the filter press; C is the
follower, and D, D, the filter plates or frames; E is a screw, one end of which is
held on the follower C; but so as to turn therein; F is the nut for the screw; this
nut is held in the front standard B; G is a fly wheel or hand wheel attached to the
nut. The filter plates D are guided on the tie bars H, and are in Figures 1, 2, and
5 shewn connected by means of links d fitted on pins, pegs, or projections d', formed
or fixed on the filter plates D, so that the links d can freely turn or swivel thereon.
The links & are by preference formed each with a flat at the upper part; this flat
forms a stop against the under side of the lugs D¹ on the filter plates D, when the
latter are pulled apart sufficiently for cleaning. Figure 2 shews seven of the filter
plates D pulled apart; this is accomplished by turning the fly wheel G (and the nut
Fattached thereto) so as to release the filter frames D from one another. By the
construction of connecting links here shewn they are pulled apart successively,
beginning at the fly wheel or front end of the filter press. The pulling apart and
pressing together may be done by hand power, or it may be done by strap con-
nection on to a strap pulley, which may be fixed to the fly wheel, as shewn in
dotted lines in Figure 2. Self-acting striking gear may be arranged in connection
therewith for shifting the strap when the filter plates are in the ultimate closed-up
and opened-out positions.
"
The counterweights I, I, serve to assist the drawing apart of the filter plates.
The construction of the filter plates will be understood from Figures 5 and 6.
They are formed with concentric grooves and with radial grooves. For the escape
of the expressed fluid they are formed with several holes e, e, drilled or cast into the
lower edge, and connected with the grooves by small holes pierced through, so as
to meet the holes e. Lis the pipe for supplying the fluid to be filtered, and I, 1,
branch pipes from same; these branch pipes communicate through the back standard
A with the passages 1, 1, in the filter plates D.
Figure 8 is a face view of a filter plate of a similar construction with the filtering
cloth in position, and Figure 9 a vertical cross section of same, shewing the cloth
inserted on one side only; the holes e are however arranged in a somewhat different
manner; f is an india-rubber ring cemented on to the side of the filter plate for
forming a joint with the adjoining filter plate; g is a piece of wire bent into a
circle, and sprung into a groove formed in each side or face of the filter plate.
Figure 10 is a separate sectional view of this ring with the filter cloth h, sewn
thereto by a pleat all round. The india-rubber joint ring may be cemented
in a groove formed in one side of the plate, the other side of same being formed
with a projecting rim which makes a joint with the joint ring of the adjoining
plate."
Figure 11 illustrates another mode of connecting the filter plates, some of them

page_text: being shewn closed up, and some of them pulled apart; d, d, are the links of a
chain, every fourth link of which takes on to a peg or pin d on a filter plate.
Figure 12 illustrates another mode of connecting the filter plates; d, d, are long
links of a chain, each link taking on pegs or pins d' on the filter plates.
Figure 13 is plan of a filter press, actuated by hydraulic or other fluid pressure.
E is an hydraulic cylinder, and E¹ a piston working therein. Water or other
fluid under pressure is admitted to one side or the other of the piston E', thereby
compressing the filter plates D, or pulling them apart by means of a slide valve M,
which may be actuated by a lever. The filter plates may be held together by the
hydraulic or other pressure, or some mechanical means may be applied, such as
wedge screw, cam, or other clamps or chocka
Figure 14 is a plan illustrating another mode of carrying out this Invention, vist,
by means of knuckle joint action. E, E, are knuckle joint links connected to nuts
F, fitting on a right and left handed screw E', which may be worked by hand
power applied to a fly wheel G, or by a strap and strap pulley. The screw E¹ runs
easily in trunnions F³, which can slide on the tie bars H, and thus prevent sagging
of the screw.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, we
declare that we claim,-
Firstly. Connecting the follower and the filter plates or frames of filter pressers
by means of links or equivalent means, so that when the follower is withdrawn, the
filter plates shall thereby be separated from each other.
Secondly. The modes and means here shewn and described for connecting the
follower and filter plates with each other for the purpose set forth.
Thirdly. The mode of fitting a filter cloth to a filter plate by fastening same to a
ring as set forth.
Fourthly. The construction or adaptation of filter plates relatively to the mode of
attaching the filter cloths, and to the connection of the filter plates with one another,
and with the followers set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Charles Raymond Okes and Henry
Robinson, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.