IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ferdinand Charles Warlich, of Hope Cottage,
Kentish Town, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM."
Sealed the 4th August 1857, and dated thè 30th May 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ferdinand Charles Warlich
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th May 1857.
I, FERDINAND CHARLES WARLICH, of Hope Cottage, Kentish Town, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improved method of generating steam.,
For this purpose I employ a series of tubes set in a furnace as gas retorts are
set, and inside these tubes are smaller tubes, which are perforated with fine
holes. The water to be evaporated is forced into these smaller tubes under
considerable pressure by force pumps or otherwise, so that it issues in very
fine streams, which are caused to strike sheet iron shields placed over the
small tubes, and the force of the blow breaks the water up into a fine mist,"
which is immediately converted into steam, and the steam passes out of the.
large tubes into a chamber heated to a high degree by a furnace, in which it
If it is
becomes superheated, and so considerably increased in pressure.
preferred the generating apparatus may be used without the arrangement for
afterwards superheating the steam.

page_text: Or the Invention may be carried into effect in the following manner :-In
the interior of a cylindrical boiler a large flue is fixed, in which a furnace is
contained which heats the flue; over it a series of perforated tubes are fixed,
which, as before, throw fine jets of water against a metal shield placed over
them, and so produce a mist which by coming in contact with the hot flue is
converted into steam and superheated. This steam. may be further super-
heated by bringing it in contact with small tubes forming a continuation of
the large cylindrical flue already mentioned.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ferdinand Charles Warlich in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FERDINAND
CHARLES WARLICH, of Hope Cottage, Kentish Town, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Ferdinand Charles Warlich, Her special licence that I, the said Ferdinand
Charles Warlich, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Ferdinand Charles Warlich, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend; within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Ferdinand Charles Warlich, my exécutors.or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,. and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ferdinand Charles Warlich, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-

page_text: This Invention has for its object an improved method of generating steam.
For this purpose I employ a series of tubes set in a furnace as gas retorts are
set, and 'inside these tubes are smaller tubes, which are perforated with fine
holes. The water to be evaporated is forced into these smaller tubes under
considerable pressure by force punips or otherwise, so that it issues in very
fine streams, which are caused to strike sheet iron shields placed over the
small tubes, and the force of the blow breaks the water up into a fine mist,
which is immediately converted into steam, and the steam passes out of the
large tubes into a chamber heated to a high degree by a furnace in which it
becomes superheated; and so considerably increased in pressure. If it is
preferred the generating apparatus may be used without the arrangement for
afterwards superheating the steam.
Or the Invention may be carried into effect in the following manner:-In
the interior of a cylindrical boiler a 'large flue is fixed, in which a furnace is
contained which heats the flue; over it a series of perforated tubes are fixed,
which, as before, throw fine jets of water against a metal shield placed over
them, and 'so produce a mist; which by coming in contact with the hot flue is
converted into steam and superheated. The steam may be further super-
heated by bringing it in contact with small tubes forming a continuation of the
large cylindrical flue already mentioned:
. Having thus stated the nature of my said. Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
1
-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a transverse section, Figure 2 a longitudinal section, and
Figure 3 a horizontal section, of apparatus combined according to my
Invention.
a is the furnace or fireplace; 6 is a tubular retort or vessel of wrought iron
set therein and heated thereby. In this retort are flues b', 63, through which,
as well as through the flues external of the vessel or retort 6, the heated
products from the fire pass. The retort or vessel 6 has a safety valve, as
shown, and steam pipe to convey off the highly heated steam produced in the
retort or vessel b. The water to be converted into steam is conducted into
the retort or vessel 6 by means of a pipe or tube c. In order that the water,
before it escapes from the pipe c into the retort b, may be highly heated, such
tube is heated by the heated products from the fire passing to and through the
flues. The portion of the tube or pipe c which is within the vessel or retort b
is perforated with numerous small holes, so as to cause the water to be divided
iuto numerous very small jets, which are immediately converted into steam,

page_text: and superheated by the heat of the vessel or retort b. Those portions of the
tube or pipe c which are directly heated by the fire have curved guards d, d,
which are arranged to turn if desired in such manner as to come under those
portions of the tubes c. The tube, after it has entered into the vessel or
retort b, may be branched into several parts, each perforated. And in place
of the fine spray or jets of water striking directly against the heated metal of
the retort or vessel b, each perforated pipe or tube c may be partly cased in by
a wrought-iron shield, against which the spray or jets will first strike and be
more minutely divided and assume the character of steam instantaneously, and
then be further heated by the heated metal of the retort or vessel b. It should
be stated, that the water is forced into the tubes or pipes by a suitable force
pump at a greater pressure.than that exerted by the steam within the retort
or vessel. And in order to prevent the return of water through the tubes or
pipes c, a valve is applied, which will admit of the flow through the pipes or
tubes but will close and prevent any back flow. And there is a cock on the
pipe or tube c to draw off the water therefrom when required.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is the
mode herein described of combining apparatus for generating steam.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ferdinand Charles Warlich, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
F. C. WARLICH. (L.S.)