IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING THE LIQUORS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF STRAW OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS GENERALLY
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Wright, of 12, Copthall, Court, Throg-.
morton Street, in the City of London, Civil Engineer, for tho
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
UTILIZING THE LIQUORS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF STRAW OR OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO THE EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS GENERALLY."- A communication
froin abroad by Eugene Porion, of 333, Rue St. Martin, Paris, in the
Empire of France.
Sealed the 10th April 1866, and dated the 21st October 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Wright, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1865.
I, JAMES WRIGHT, of 12, Copthall Court, Throgmorton Street, in the
City of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING
THE LIQUORS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF STRAW OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS GENERALLY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in separating from the lyes or other washing
liquors used in the treatment of straw preparatory to its manufacture into
paper the saline or alkaline matters which are contained in the said liquors
[Price 8d.]

page_text: To effect this I make use of a vessel or receptacle of convenient size and
shape, the interior of which is heated by furnaces or otherwise as
venient, or I prefer, whenever possible, to use the superfluous heat from
the furnaces necessary for the general business of the manufactory.
Within this before-mentioned vessel or receptacle are placed one or more
hollow perforated shafts or spindles, on which are mounted a series of fans
or blades. The lyes or other liquors are conducted into these perforated
spindles or shafts, to which a rotatory motion is given, which has the effect
through the action of the fans or blades of causing the liquors to escape
from the perforated spindle in small drops, which are quickly evaporated,
leaving the alkaline or saline sediments in the bottom of the receiver,
while the steam or vapour passes through a shaft or chimney placed at its
extremity for that purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Wright in the Great Seal Patent Office ou the
21st April 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, JAMES
WEIGHT, of 12, Copthall Court, Throgmorton Street, in the City of
London, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
ཉ
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said James Wright, Her special licence that I, the
said James Wright, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Wright, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING
THE LIQOURS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF STRAW OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS GENERALLY," (a communication to me from abroad by
Eugene Porion, of 333, Rue St. Martin, Paris, in the Empire of France,)
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Wright, my

page_text: executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Wright, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in certain improvements in the method of and
apparatus for utilizing liquors used in the treatment of straw or other
fibrous materials for the manufacture of paper, which improvements are
also applicable to the evaporation of liquids generally, to be as follows:-
In the treatment of straw or other fibrous materials for the manufacture of
paper they are treated with an alkaline or saline solution, which after
being used is thrown away as valueless. I propose by my Invention to
extract from these alkaline or saline solutions or 66
lyes" the saline or
alkaline matters which they contain. To effect this I make use of a vessel
or chamber of convenient size and shape, the interior of which is heated
by furnaces or otherwise as most convenient, into which vessel or chamber
I conduct the akaline or saline li quors to be evaporated. In the interior
of the chamber I place one, two, or more spindles or shafts furnished with
fans or blades; to these spindles a rotatory motion is given, which has the
effect of scattering the alkaline or other liquors or lyes in the form of
showers or small drops, which are quickly evaporated by the heat within
the chamber; when the whole of the liquor is evaporated the alkaline
matters deposited can be removed from the floor of the chamber by means
of openings in the sides of the chamber, which are furnished with doors
or slides fitting perfectly water-tight.
In order more clearly to illustrate the foregoing description, I have to
this Specification appended the accompanying Drawings, which taken in
conjunction with the following explanation will fully illustrate the nature
of my Invention, and the mode of carrying it into practice.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of the method of arrangement
and apparatus I employ for the evaporation of the liquors before
mentioned.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the same following the course of the
line 3

page_text: Figure 3 is a transverse section of the same following the line
56.
Figure 4 is another transverse section of the same following the line
78.
Figure 5 is a similar section to Figures 3 and 4 following the line
9--- 10.
Similar letters indicate the same or similar parts in the different Figures.
It will be seen from the Drawings that my apparatus is composed of a
chamber A, which can be composed of any suitable material, and into
which chamber I introduce the liquors to be treated. It is furnished at
one extremity with a chimney or shaft B for the purpose of obtaining the
requisite draught and carrying off the products of combustion; at the
other extremity of the chamber A is a reservoir C for the concentrated
liquors. In the sides of the chamber A are formed several openings b,b,b,
which are closed by doors, by means of which access can be had to the
interior of the chamber for the purposes of cleansing, for removing the
deposits, or for the examination of the operations. At the same end of
the chamber I form a canal or shaft D, which serves to conduct the
superfluous heat from the furnaces used in the different stages of the
manufacture into the chamber, a course I pursue wherever practicable.
Close to this, and at the extreme .end of the chamber, 1 form three
ovens or kilns E, E, E, which are heated by means of the furnaces
F, F, F. The materials placed in these ovens throw off at times a large
quantity of gas, which can be easily ignited by the admission of
atmospheric air. The heat which results from this, together with that
from the three furnaces, and that from the shaft or flue D, passes into the
chamber A, and causes the evaporation of the liquors. In order to expedite
the evaporation of the liquors I place transversely in the chamber A one,
.two, or more spindles G, G, which are furnished with fans or blades a,a,a.
These spindles are caused to rotate more or less rapidly as required, and
the fans or blades, being slightly immersed in the liquor, by their revolution
cause showers of spray and small drops to be formed, which coming into
contact with the heated air in such a finely divided state are quickly
evaporated. The products obtained from the evaporation are collected in
the receptacle C, and from there-into the "distributors" H,H,H, by means
of the pipes c, c, c, which are connected with the ovens or kilus E, E, E.
At the bottom of the "distributors" H, H, H, are pipes d, d, d, for use
when the liquor is acted on in the kilns or ovens E, E, E. By the fore-
going means I re-obtain the alkaline or saline matters, and am enabled to

page_text: re-use them time after time, simply adding a small quantity of alkali to
compensate for the slight loss by the necessary manipulations.
Having now described. my Invention, and how the same is carried out
in practice, I wish it understood that I do not confine myself to the
particular details described in this Specification and shewn in the accom-
panying Drawings, as these may be altered to suit peculiar circumstances,
but what I do claim and desire secured to me by the before in part recited
Letters Patent is,-
First, the economical recovery of the alkalies which have been made
use of in the manufacture of paper from straw and other manufactures,
substantially as herewithin described and set forth.
Second, the construction, use, and application of an apparatus for
evaporating and carbonizing the said alkaline and saline liquors used in the
treatment of straw for the manufacture of paper and other manufactures,
which said apparatus is also applicable to the evaporation of liquids.
generally, substantially as herewithin described and set forth and more fully
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Wright, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-six.
JAMES WRIGHT. (L.S.)