Improvements in Compressed Fuel.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 5th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Compressed Fuel.
I, GUSTAVE FRANK, a citizen of the United States of America, of 6, Cartlandt
Street, New York City, County of New York, State of New York, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a new and useful composition of substances whereby an
artificially prepared fuel is produced, capable of yielding intense and uniform heat
and at the same time producing a pleasant and healthful atmosphere in the apartment
where it is used.
The object of my invention is to produce first, an exceedingly cheap cleanly,
portable and compactly pressed fuel, that is suitable for all commercial,
manufacturing, and domestic purposes, and secondly, a fuel wherein by the addition
of certain substances of an antiseptic and fragrant nature, the surrounding atmo-
sphere is rendered healthful, salubrious and more or less perfumed, according to the
taste and wishes of the users; the ingredients constituting the said fuel, and the
method of producing the same, will be hereinafter more fully described.
My composition forming the fuel consists of the following ingredients combined
in about the proportions stated, viz.:-Coal-dust, culm or coal in a granular or
powdered condition, fifty parts by weight. Brick-dust or granulated calcined earthy
substances of any suitable nature, (preferably that of refractory clay) forty parts.
Coal tar, pitch or other r sidun or by-product of gas works, oil distilleries, or
viscous state,
asphaltum, resinous distillates or other hydro-carbons in a
ten parts.
To the above composition, I add for making a special domestic fuel, any required
quantity of some aromatic substance such as saw-dust of sandal wood, pines resinous
fibres or sandarach which yields a pleasant smell or delicate incense, and in some
cases, and for use under certain circumstances, such as in sick rooms, and in
hospitals, or where sewer gases are prevalent, I add any suitable substance that
when burnt will yield antiseptic or disinfecting properties, such substances being
coffee beans or anything possessing similar antiseptic and fragrant elements.
The before mentioned ingredients of coal dust and granulated brick (preferably
fire-brick) are to be reduced to either a granular or powdered condition and then
thoroughly mixed with the pitch, tar or other substances by agitation in any
suitable pug mill having heat furnished to said mixture by means of exhaust or live
steam injected into the agitating apparatus while in motion or by heating the said..
agitator and its contents by constructing the agitating apparatus with a jacket and
into and around which either steam or hot water is allowed to circulate or pass.
The above described admixture or combination of substances having all been
thrown into and passed through this agitating apparatus, is then submitted to the
required pressure in suitable moulds of any desired shape or size and allowed to
In about three
cool and harden in the open air, or by the application of heat.
hours these blocks or briquettes are ready for use and are suitable for stoves
furnaces, locomotives or general steam heating purpose.
The coal dust and granulated or powdered brick when mixed with the hydro
carbon substances before named, becomes extremely hard and thus permits the
blocks to be transported without breakage, and the quantities of each ingredient
may be varied to suit the uses to which it is applied without departing from the
principle and nature of my invention.
In my process, I prefer to use lignite which is an unctuous kind of coal, and of so
friable a nature that when not submitted to my binding and compressing process
becomes powdered and useless after a brief exposure to the atmosphere; cannel

page_text: coal, which by itself is unsuitable and also too expensive to use in its natural state
is under my process rendered an economical and universal fuel of the highest order.
Dated this 12th day August 1890
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
COLETE
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Compressed Fuel.
I, GUSTAVE FRANK, a citizen of the United States of America, of 6, Cartland
Street, New York City, County of New York, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to a new and useful composition of substances whereby an
artificially prepared fuel is produced, capable of yielding intense and uniform heat
and at the same time producing a pleasant and healthful atmosphere in the apartinent
where it is used.
The object of my invention is to produce first, an exceedingly cheap, cleanly,
portable and compactly pressed fuel, that is suitable for all commercial,
inanufacturing and domestic purposes, and secondly, a fuel wherein by the addition
of certain substances of an antiseptic and fragrant nature, the surrounding atmo-
sphere is rendered healthful, salubrious and more or less perfumed, according to the
taste and wishes of the users; the ingredients constituting the said fuel, and the
method of producing the same will be hereinafter more fully described.
My composition forming the fuel, consists of the following ingredients combined
in about the proportions stated, - Coal-dust, culm or coal in a granular or
powdered condition, fifty parts by weight. Brick-dust or granulated calcined earthy
substances of any suitable nature, (preferably that of refractory clay) forty parts.
Coal-tar, pitch or other residuum or by-product of gas works, oil distilleries or
asphaltum, resinous distillates or other hydro-carbons in a viscous state, ten parts.
To the above composition, I add for making a special domestic fuel, any required
quantity of some aromatic substance, such as saw-dust of sandal wood, pine's resinous
fibres or sandarach, which yields a pleasant smell or delicate incense, and in
some cases, and for use under certain circumstances, such as in sick rooms, and
in hospitals, or where sewer gases are prevalent, I add any suitable substance
that when burnt will yield antiseptic or disinfecting properties, such substances
being coffee beans or anything possessing similar antiseptic and fragrant elements.
The before mentioned ingredients of coal dust and granulated brick (preferably
fire-brick) are so reduced to either a granular or powdered condition and then
thoroughly mixed with the pitch, tar, or other substances, by agitation in any
suitable pug mill, having heat furnished to said mixture by means of exhaust or
live steam injected into the agitating apparatus while in motion, or by heating
the said agitator and its contents by constructing the agitating apparatus with
a jacket and into and around which either steam or hot water is allowed to
circulate or pass.
The above described admixture or combination of substances having all been
thrown into and passed through this agitating apparatus, is then submitted to
the required pressure in suitable moulds of any desired shape or size and allowed
to cool and harden in the open air, or by the application of heat. In about
three hours these blocks or briquettes are ready for use, and are suitable for
stoves, furnaces, locomotives, or general steam heating purposes. The coal dust
and granulated or powdered brick when mixed with the hydro-carbon substances
before named, becomes extremely hard and thus permits the blocks to be trans-
ported without breakage, and the quantities of each ingredient may be varied
to suit the uses to which it is applied, without departing from the principle and
nature of my invention.

page_text: In my process,
I prefer to use lignite, which is an unctuous kind of coal, and
of so friable a nature that when not submitted to my binding and compressing
process, becomes powdered and useless after a brief exposure to the atmosphere:
cannel coal, which by itself is unsuitable and also too expensive to use in its
natural state, is under my process rendered an economical and universal fuel of
the highest order.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is
First In the composition of a binding or agglomerated material for producing
artificial fuel, consisting of fifty per cent. of coal dust, ten per cent. of coal tar or
other residum, produced by the distillation of hydro-carbon substances, and forty
per cent. of granulated brick, such being composed of any calcined earthy matter,
substantially as herein described and for the purpose set forth.
Second The herein described composition of substances for use as fuel,
consisting of powdered coal and granulated fire-brick mixed with, and combined by
pitch, tar, or other residuum of gas works, oil distilleries, or the like, in the manner
described, and substantially in the proportions specified.
Third The addition of any substance yielding, when burnt, antiseptic and
aromatic properties to the above described mixture of coal dust, brick dust, and
pitch, tar or other residuum of distilleries, substantially as described and for the
purposes specified and claimed.
Fourth-The herein described composition of matter designed or intended for
fuel, the same consisting of either granulated or powdered brick, coal dust or culm
and pitch, tar or other analogous residuum, the whole mixed in substantially the
proportions specified, and compressed as set forth.
Dated this 5th day of February 1891.
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.