IMPROVEMENTS IN FULLING MACHINES FAD WILD TRITETINA AN PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Legrand of Boulevard St Denis 1 at Paris,
Manufacturer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FULLING MACHINES
FAD WILD TRITETINA AN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierre Legrand at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1883.
PIERRE LEGRAND of Boulevard S₁ Denis 1 at Paris, Manufacturer,
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FULLING MACHINES FOR THE FULLING OF WOOLLEN FABRICS AND OTHER
STUFFS
"
The object of this invention is the construction of a continuous and multiple
fulling machine capable of effecting a large amount. of work. In its arrangement
I have had in view mechanical fulling by a rotation of the cloth or fabric upon
itself while being submitted to the desired pressure.
•
An
In my improved machine the pieces of cloth or fabric to be operated on are fed
between a pair of rollers one of which is formed with projecting discs and the
other with grooves; the discs enter the grooves and press upon the cloth.
endless screw on a driving shaft imparts by suitable gearing rotation to the
grooved roller. The cloth passes between the pair of rollers and enters a chunnel
which leads it through a friction plate to a reservoir. The channel and reservoir
extend through a box which is hermetically closed in order that it may be heated
directly by steam or receive a heating pipe to accelerate the fulling. All around
the entrance or mouth of the reservoir a piece of leather is fitted projecting about
5 millimetres (about 1/4 of an inch). The friction plate before mentioned is placed
upon this leather. This plate which is supported at its two ends by a shaft with
cranka presses lightly upon the leather and produces a rotative friction. The
object of the leather is to keep within the reservoir as much water as possible, this
water being introduced by a rose, and to regulate the friction of the cloth. It will
be understood that the more cloth there is compressed in the reservoir, the more
powerful will be the friction produced by the plate, the greater will be the heat,
and the greater will be the fulling. In order to regulate in a constant manner the

page_text: amount of cloth in the reservoir a pair of rollers similar to the pair already
described draws away the amount of cloth which is thought desirable. This
arrangement or section of the machine may be repeated as often as is necessary,
and the more successive sections there are, the quicker and better will the
fulling be.
Supposing it be wished to full a cloth to the extent of 8 per cent, that the
machine comprise 5 sections and the rollers have each a diameter of 50 centimetres
(about 20 inches), I would have a toothed wheel with 50 teeth for working the
first section, one of 49 teeth for the second, one of 48 teeth for the third, one of
47 teeth for the fourth and one of 46 for the fifth; I would therefore have
50 centimetres of cloth in the first reservoir; this would be reduced to 49 centi-
metres in the second, to 48 in the third and so on; therefore the fulling will have a
contraction of 8 per cent.
The machine inay comprise in its width any desired number of reservoirs
and other parts so as to act upon a number of pieces of cloth at the saine time.
The friction with the same arrangements of machine can be longitudinal or
semi-rotative,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Pierre Legrand in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd October 1883.
PIERRE LEGRAND of Boulevard St Denis 1 at Paris, Manufacturer, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FULLING MACHINES FOR THE FULLING OF WOOLLEN FABRICS AND OTHER
STUFFS
"
The object of this invention is the construction of a continuous and multiple
fulling machine capable of effecting a large amount of work. In its arrangement
I have had in view mechanical fulling by a rotation of the cloth or fabric upon
itself while being submitted to the desired pressure.
The annexed drawings represent a fulling machine constructed according to my
invention. Figure 1 is a front elevation and Figure 2 a side elevation of the
machine. Figure 3 is a sectional view on a larger scale of a portion of the
machine. Figure 4 represents a pipe and roses hereinafter referred to. The body
of the machine is composed of two side frames a a connected by stays and having
supports for the working parts.
The pieces of cloth or fabric bb to be operated on are fed between a pair of
rollers one of which c is formed with projecting discs and the other d with grooves;
the discs enter the grooves and press upon the cloth. An endless screw fon &
shaft driven by the pulleys g h imparts by suitable gearing i,j k l rotation to the
grooved roller d. The cloth passes between the pair of rollers c d and enters a
channel q which leads it through a friction plate m to a reservoir n. Tho channel g
and reservoir n extend through a box o which is hermetically closed in order that
it may be heated directly by steam or receive a heating pipe to accelerate the
fulling. All around the entrance or mouth of the reservoir n a piece of leather p
is fitted projecting about 5 millimetres (about 1th of an inch). The friction plate m
is placed upon this loather. This plate which is supported at its two ends by a
shaft with cranks presses lightly upon the leather p and produces a rotative
friction. The object of the leather p is to keep within the reservoir n as much
water as possible, this water being introduced by a pipe r with roses (Figure 4)
and to regulate the friction of the cloth. It will be understood that the more
cloth there is compressed in the reservoir n the more powerful will be the friction
produced by the plate m the greater will be the beat, and the greater will be the
fulling. In order to regulate in a constant manner the amount of cloth in the
reservoir a pair of rollers similar to the pair already described draws away by
means of similar gearing the amount of cloth which is thought desirable. This
arrangement or section of the machine may be repeated as often as is necessary,
and the more successive sections there are the quicker and better will the fulling
be. The drawings represent a machine having five sections.
Supposing it be wished to full a cloth to the extent of 8 per cent, that the
machine comprise 5 sections and the rollers have each a diameter of 50 centi-
metres (about 20 inches), I would have a toothed wheel with 50 teeth for working
the first section, one of 49 for the second, one of 48 teeth for the third, one of
47 teeth for the fourth, and one of 46 for the fifth; I would therefore have
50 centimetres of cloth in the first reservoir; this would be reduced to 49 centi-
metres in the second, to 48 in the third and so on; therefore the fulling will have
a contraction of 8 per cent.
The machine may comprise in its width any desired number of reservoirs and
other parts so as to act upon a number of pieces of cloth at the same time.
The friction with the same arrangements of machine can be longitudinal or
semi-rotative.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner tho
same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-
First-Constructing fulling machines with rollers (c) having projecting discs
and rollers (d) having grooves, and with friction plates (m) and reservoirs (n)
through which the fabric or cloth to be fulled passes, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
.
1-M
4,
Second-The combination or arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in the annexed drawings, forming an improved machine
for the fulling of woollen fabrics and other stuffs.
In witness whereof I the said Pierre Legrand have hereunto set my hand and
seal this nineteenth day of October One thousand eight hundred and eighty
three.
Witness:
ALBERT CAHEN
Civil Engineer
of Boulevard Saint Denis 1
at Paris
PRE LEGRAND (L.S.)