Improvements in Apparatus for Heating, Evaporating, or Condensing.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar., 1895--Accepted, 24th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating, Evaporating, or
Condensing.
I, DONALD BARNS MORISON, of Hartlepool Engine Works, Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
*IT
This invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus that can be used
at will either for heating and evaporating liquids, as for example for evaporating
sea water by means of steam for producing auxiliary feed water for steam boilers,
or for condensing steam, as for example for condensing the exhaust steam from
steam winches or other auxiliary machinery on board-ship.
According to my invention I utilize the steam space of a heating and evaporating
vessel for the reception of tubes or their equivalent to constitute an additional
cooling surface, supplementary to that of tubes in the lower or water space of the
said vessel, when the apparatus is to be used as a condenser, the arrangement
being such that steam or water can be made to flow through the tubes, or sets of
tubes, and that the set or sets in the water space may be worked in conjunction
with or separate from the set or sets in the steam space, when evaporating, and
that each set can be readily removed and interchanged.
According to one arrangement I employ a vessel the lower part or water space
of which is in the form approximately of a horizontal cylinder and the upper part
or steam space in the form approximately of a vertical cylinder mounted upon the
lower part, and in such vessel are arranged the heating coils which are connected
to fixed tubes by plug and socket connections in such a way that they can be either
turned outward through an opening in the vessel which is normally closed by a
door, or be detached from the fixed tubes and entirely removed as in some of the
constructions of evaporating apparatus described in the Specification of another
application for Letters Patent filed by me dated 12 May 1893 No. 9548.
The heating coils may be arranged in sets, each set being similar to the other or
others. In the form of apparatus now being described, the water space of the
vessel when the apparatus is being used as an evaporator may contain one or more
sets of such coils. The upper portion of the vessel is provided with a door for
gaining access to its interior, & within it is arranged one or more sets of tubes
preferably similar to the sets in the lower or water space of the vessel.
Consequently when evaporating salt water, the sets of tubes in the upper space
are available to replace the sets in the lower space should it be desired to remove
those in the lower space for cleaning. When however the apparatus is to be used
as a condenser, the whole of the sets of tubes are employed as cooling tubes.
Upon the doors on the lower and upper parts of the vessel being removed, the
sets of coils may, if mounted according to the arrangement described, be brought
without the apparatus by being turned about their plug and socket connections,
but if the arrangement be such as not to admit of turning, the sets of coils may be
lifted off the plugs. Or the coils may be arranged in any other convenient manner.
Each door is preferably so arranged that it can be attached to a swinging arm to
facilitate its removal. When the apparatus is of large dimensions more than two
doors may be used.

page_text: The connections are so arranged that steam or water may be admitted to the
tubes or coils and that the set or sets thereof in the upper or steam space of the
vessel may, when the apparatus is being used as an evaporator, be employed in
conjunction with or independent of the set or sets in the water space. Also the
steam or water, as the case may be, can be arranged to enter each set of tubes or
coils simultaneously, or to pass from one set to another, as may be desired. The
steam to be condensed may be either outside or inside the coils.
Connections for regulating the discharge are provided for draining away the
condensed water when the apparatus is used as an evaporator, and for the entry
and exit of circulating water when it is used as a condenser.
A combined evaporator and condenser such as described may be used in
conjunction with air, circulating and feed-pumps, and may be fitted with mountings
such as are usual in apparatus of the kind to which this invention relates.
Dated this th d of T
1004
:
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating, Evaporating, or
Condensing." F
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1
I, DONALD BARNS MORISON, of Hartlepool Engine Works;. Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this' invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described. and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-.
. 1. 1.
This invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus that can be used
at will either for heating and evaporating liquids, as for example for evaporating
sea water by means of steam for producing auxiliary feed water for steam boilers,
or for condensing steam, as for example for condensing the exhaust steam from
steam winches or other auxiliary machinery on board-ship.
According to my invention I utilize the steam space of a heating and evaporating
vessel for the reception of tubes or their equivalent to constitute an additional
cooling surface supplementary to that of tubes in the lower or water space of the
said vessel when the apparatus is to be used as a condenser, the arrangement béing
such that steam or water can be made to flow at will through the tubes, or sets of
tubes, and that the set or sets in the water space may be worked in conjunction
with or separate from the set or sets in the steam space, when evaporating, and
that each set can be readily removed and interchanged.
In the accompanying drawings,
. Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively front and end elevations showing one construction
of apparatus according to this invention.
Fig. 3 is a. front elevation with the doors removed, showing the coils in position
for use as condensing coils; and
"
Fig. 4 is a cross section on the line A. B. but showing the top coils in side
elevation.
+
Fig. 5 is a plan of a set of coils connected to their inlet and outlet tubes.
Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views to Figs. 3 and 4 respectively, but showing the
apparatus with the top coils removed, as when the apparatus is used for evaporating.
Fig. 8 is a sectional plan through the lower part of the vessel, and Fig. 9 is a front
elevation, showing an arrangement with two doors for obtaining access to the
interior of the lower part of the evaporating and condensing vessel.
Figs. 10 and 11 show in frout and side elevation respectively, a modification in
which one set of coils only is employed in the lower part of the vessel.

page_text: Fig. 12 is a sectional plan on the line C-D of Fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation (drawn to a larger scale) on the line E F of
Fig. 12, showing a form of plug and socket connection, and Fig. 14 is a section on
the line G H of Fig. 13.
In the form of apparatus shown in the drawings, the lower part of the vessel 1
containing the water space, in the form approximately of a horizontal cylinder,
and the upper part 2 containing the steam space is in the form approximately
of a vertical cylinder mounted upon the lower part. In the water space 3 are
arranged one or more sets of heating coils 4, there being two sets in the
arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, and one set in the arrangement
shown in Figs. 10 and 11. The tubes composing each set are carried by
tubes 5 and 5, which in the first mentioned arrangement are approximately
vertical, and in the latter arrangement horizontal, and which are connected to
fixed tubes 6, 6* respectively by plug and socket connections 7, 7* in such a
manner that the set, or each set, of coils 4 with tubes 5, 5° can either be turned
outward, about a horizontal axis as in Figs. 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8, or about a vertical
axis as in Fig. 10, through an opening in the vessel which is normally closed
by a door or doors 8, or be detached from the said fixed tubes 6 and 6* and
entirely removed. The set of condensing coils 4* in the steam space is carried
by vertical tubes 10, 10* connected to fixed tubes 11, 11 by plug and socket
connections 12, 12ª in a similar manner to the set or sets of heating coils 4.
It is preferred to make the set of coils 4 a duplicate of the set or sets of
coils 4, so that for evaporating salt water, the set of upper coils is available to
replace a lower set should it be desired to remove this set for cleaning. When
the apparatus is to be used as a condenser, both the coils in the upper and
lower spaces are employed as cooling coils. Each door 8, 8* is preferably so
arranged that it can be attached by a link 13 to a swinging arm 13* to facilitate
its removal. When the apparatus is of large dimensions more than two doors,
may be used.
A construction of plug and socket arrangement that may advantageously be
used, is shown in Figs 13 and 14. In this arrangement the end of the tube 11
is bent horizontally to form a fixed plug 11° for a movable cap or socket 12° fixed
to the coil carrying tube 10b, communication between the two tubes being effected
by branch openings 11°, 12, which are formed in the plug and socket respectively,
and are of such a radial width that when the corresponding set of coils is turned
into a position within the vessel 2, free communication will be opened between the
said tubes, but such communication will be closed when the set of coils is turned
outward. In order to test the apparatus however by steam pressure when the
coils are turned outside the vessel, a small hole 11 is drilled in the fixed tube 11'
so that communication will be opened between the tubes 10° and 11°. To permit .
of the ready engagement and disengagement of the plug and socket connection, the
former is provided with a screw threaded extension 11 and with a flange or
collar 11 against which a similar collar 12° on the socket 12b can be forced by a
screw cap or nut 118. Upon removing the doors 8, 8, the sets of coils 4, 4ª can,
when mounted as described, be readily brought outside the apparatus as shown by
dotted lines in Figs. 4, 7 and 8, for inspection or other purpose by being turned
about their plug and socket connections 7, 7 and 12, 12, but if the arrangement he
such as not to admit of turning, the sets of coils may be simply lifted off the fixed
plugs; or the coils may be arranged in any other convenient manner.
14 and 15 are inlet and outlet pipes which are connected directly with the fixed
inlet and outlet tube 6, 6ª connected with the lower set or sets of coils. The inlet
pipe 14 is provided with valves 14ª, 14 and with inlet pipes 14, 14d for steam and
water respectively. The outlet pipe 15 is provided with a cock 15ª for draining off
water of condensation from the coils when the apparatus is used as an evaporator,
and with a valve 15 and pipe 15° for running off the cooling water when the
apparatus is used as a condeiser. 16 is a branch pipe provided with a valve 16"
whereby the inlet pipe 14 can be placed in connection through a passage 17

page_text: (Fig. 12) in the vessel 1 and the plug and socket connections 12, with the carrying
tube 10 of the upper set of coils 4*. 18, 18* are pipes by which the other carrying
tube 10 of the upper set of coils can be placed in communication with the outlet
pipe 15, it may be through a valve 18 as in Fig. 2, or not as in Fig. 11.
:sets.
By the arrangement described, steam entering by the pipe 14° can be caused to
circulate through the lower set or sets of coils 4, or simultaneously through both
the lower and upper sets of coils 4 and 4* when the apparatus is to be used for
evaporating salt water, the use of both sets of coils being of great advantage when
the apparatus is to be worked at its maximum capacity, as the upper coils evaporate
any moisture in suspension caused by the violent ebullition due to the lower set or
Also cooling water entering by the pipe 14ª can be caused to pass through
both sets of coils when the apparatus is to be used as a condenser. 19 is an inlet
valve for water to be heated or evaporated. 20 is a two-way cock to be used for
brining when the apparatus is employed as an evaporator, and for draining off the
water of condensation when it is to be used as a condenser. 21 is a valve or cock
connected to an internal pipe 21° for leading off the steam generated when the
apparatus is used as an evaporator. 22 is a valve or cock adapted to be connected
to a pipe by which the exhaust steam from winches and other engines is admitted
to the vessel when the same is to be used as a condenser. The steam to be
condensed may, if desired, be passed through the coils 4, 4, in which case the
cooling water would be passed through the vessel.
In order to obtain greater economy in production when generating steam which
passes into a fresh water condenser, the sets of coils may be worked in series. For
example the steam generated from the salt water may be passed through one set in
the lower part of the vessel and so give up a portion of its heat to the inlet feed
water, a diaphragm plate dividing this set from the remaining set or sets, and the
heated water passing over or through the diaphragın plate into the space occupied
by the remaining set or sets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. Apparatus of the kind herein described for heating, evaporating or condensing
wherein the upper or steam space of the heating or evaporating vessel is provided
with tubes adapted to constitute an additional cooling surface supplementary to
that of the tubes in the lower or water space of the said vessel, the arrangement
being such that steam or water can be made to flow, at will, through the tubes or
sets of tubes and that the set or sets in the water space can be worked in conjunction
with or separate from the set or sets of tubes in the steam space when evaporating,
and that each set can be readily removed and interchanged, substantially as
described.
2. My improved beating evaporating or condensing apparatus constructed
arranged and operating substantially as herein betore described with reference
respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, and in Figs. 10 and 11 of the
drawings annexed.
Dated this Hth day of March 1895.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.