CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS BY MEANS OF WHICH AIR, GAS, OR VAPOUR IS TO BE REMOVED FROM TUBES, PIPES, TUNNELS, PANS, RETORTS, OR OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Ludewig Hahn Danchell, of 38, Red Lion
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention
of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS BY MEANS OF WHICH AIR, GAS,
OR VAPOUR IS TO BE REMOVED FROM TUBES, PIPES, TUNNELS, PANS, RETORTS,
OR OTHER VESSELS."
Sealed the 27th December 1864, and dated the 1st July 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Ludewig Habn
Danchell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st July 1864.
I, FREDERICK LUDEWIG HAHN DANCHELL, of 38, Red Lion Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS BY MEANS OF WHICH
AIR, GAS, OR VAPOUR IS TO BE REMOVED FROM TUBES, PIPES, TUNNELS, PANS,
RETORTS, OR OTHER VESSELS," to be as follows:-
I employ the narrow orifice of a pipe or series of pipes, through which I
pass steam in form of a jet or jets, and conduct the same into a tube or series
of tubes, the one end of which I connect with the air or gas holder which I
intend to exhaust, whilst I leave the other end open to the atmosphere or to
a vessel or vessels into which I may require to conduct the air, gas, or vapour
thus exhausted. The relative size of the said orifice and the tube or tubes,

page_text: together with the pressure of the steam issuing from the said orifice, consti-
tutes the condition for the greater or less exhaustion, or greater or less force
of the current thus produced; that is to say, the less the difference between
the size of the said tube and that of the said orifice, and the greater the
pressure of the steam issuing from the said orifice, the greater is the effect
produced. I have it thus in my power, without the aid of pumps or such like
machinery, simply by means of the steam direct in form of a
jet, to exbaust
pipes, tubes, pans, retorts, chambers, or other vessels of the air, vapour, or gas
contained therein, or to cause a current of air to pass in a given direction, and
thus give motion to objects contained therein, or to accelerate the drying of
moist substances placed there for the purpose, without the aid of blowing
machines, fans, or such like apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Ludewig Hahn Danchell in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 31st December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
LUDEWIG HAHN DANCHELL, of 38, Red Lion Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-
year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Frederick Ludewig Hahn Danchell, Her special licence that I,
the said Frederick Ludewig Hahn Danchell, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick Ludewig Hahn Dauchell,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS BY MEANS
OF WHICH AIR, GAS, OR VAPOUR IS TO BE REMOVED FROM TUBES, PIPES, TUNNELS,
PANS, RETORTS, OR OTHER VESSELS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Frederick Ludewig Hahn Danchell, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the

page_text: same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Ludewig Hahn Danchell,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
I employ the narrow orifice of a pipe or series of pipes, through which I
pass steam in form of a jet or jets; I conduct the said jet or jets into a tube
or series of tubes, the one end of which I connect with the air or gas holder
which I intend to exhaust, whilst I leave the other end open to the atmosphere
or to a vessel or vessels into which I require to conduct the air, gas, or vapour
thus exhausted. The relative size of the said orifice and the tube or tubes,
together with the pressure of steam, forms the condition for the greater or
less exhaustion, or greater or less current thus produced, that is to say, tho
less the difference between the size of the said tube and orifice, and the
greater the pressure of the steam issuing from the said orifice, the greater is
the effect produced. I have it thus in my power, without the aid of pumps
or such like machinery, simply with the steam in form of a jet, to exhaust
pipes, tubes, pans, retorts, chambers, or vessels of the air, vapour, or gas
contained therein, or to cause a current of air to pass in a given direction, and
thus to produce motion to objects contained therein, or to accelerate the
drying of moist objects placed there, with the aid of fans, blowing machines,
or such like apparatus.
The annexed Drawing will more fully explain the working of the apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 a cross section at the line d; a, a, is a
tube of metal, wood, or other suitable material in connection with a vessel as
above alluded to, from whence air, gas, or steam is to be removed, or in
which a current is to be produced; v is a pipe through which the steam
passes from the generator to the pipe c. The effect produced by the steamn
blowing off through c is that of removing the air from the upper part of the
tube a', and thus producing a vacuum or partial vacuum.
The air, gas, or
steam from the lower part of the tube a is constantly filling up the vacuated
space, and at a¹ is again removed until the equilibrium between the atmos-
pheric pressure acted on by the jet and expansion of the rarified air, gas, or
steam contained in a closed vessel is established; if, however, the vessel is
not closed, air will pass into the vessel at the same ratio as it is drawn out by
the jet, and thus a current is produced to remove either vapour or gases or
to put objects in motion, such as carriages, waggons, or carts, in tunnels
or tubes.

page_text: What I claim is the above arrangement to exhaust closed vessels or to
produce currents or motion in open vessels.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Ludewig Hahn Danchell, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
F. HAHN DANCHELL. (L.S.)