An Improved Stove for Disinfecting and Consuming Excrement and Household Refuse.
Year: 1894

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Stove for Disinfecting and Consuming Excrement and
Household Refuse.
I, MAXIMILIAN WILHELM REINHARDT SEIPP of 12 Neue Schönhauser
Strasse, Berlin in the Empire of Germany, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a stove combined with a closet for disinfecting and
burning excrement and household refuse, with the object of entirely preventing any
It also has this
possibility of the same exerting a deleterious influence on health.
important advantage that the air necessary for combustion is drawn from the
closet chamber through the waste pipe, and thereby bad smells and deleterious
fumes are entirely prevented from rising into the closet chamber, and further that
the urine arising from the use of the closet is simultaneously evaporated by the
gases of combustion, and the vapour resulting therefrom is also drawn through the
fire and thus made thoroughly harmless.
The essential arrangement of the stove consists of two hollow rollers on which
the excrement or household refuse falls, and between which, by the rotation of the
rollers, the same is conveyed into the actual combustion chamber. The rollers
are loosely supported on two shafts revolving intermittently, the distance between
the axes of said shafts being somewhat less than half the distance across the two
hollow rollers so that the latter may separate laterally to any suitable extent for
the passage of the excrement, and thus a stoppage can never take place, whilst, at
the same time, by the tendency of the rollers to constantly return into the position
of equilibrium, a tight joint is always automatically formed between the rollers,
and thus a reliable shutting-off of the furnace gases from the closet chamber is
uninterruptedly obtained. This shutting off is the more effectively produced by
the co-action of the excrement itself, as the latter each time the closet is used, is
ground between the rollers by their rotation which then takes place, and evenly
distributed over the whole length of the rollers, and the excrementitious matter
thus acts precisely as a means for forming the joint.
This improved stove is shown on the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 being a vertical section through the rollers;
Figure 2, a horizontal section above the grate; and
Figure 3, a vertical section in the longitudinal direction of the rollers.
The two shafts a and a' (Figure 1) on which the hollow rollers W W₁ hang, run
in ball bearings 661 (Figure 3) which are fastened in slots in the sheet iron outer
wall of the stove. Each of the two shafts a and a has, at a distance from the
fireclay lining of the stove, two blocks c c which are turned off conically on the
inner side, as may be seen in Figure 3. On this conical surface, the hollow
rollers W W hang with their edges, which are also suitably conically turned off.
The shafts a a¹ are supported in such a way that the distance between the two
axes of the shafts is somewhat less than the distance rr¹, Figure 1, which is half
the length across the two rollers W W¹. This has the effect of imparting to the
rollers a tendency to constantly close the passage for the excrement.
The lever bars and h² (Figure 4) which are connected with the closet door
by means of a draw chain d are operated each time the door is opened, and thus
both shafts a and a¹ are revolved by means of the ratchet mechanism e and e¹ in
such a way that the two rollers W W are moved in the direction indicated by the
arrows 1 and 2 in Figure 1. The connection, hereinbefore mentioned, of the rollers
and the blocks c and on the shafts, by means of the conical surfaces, causes the

page_text: rollers to be carried round with certainty. If necessary, the rollers may be
provided with teeth on their inner surfaces in which suitable gearing, arranged on
the blocks c and c', engage. By this rotation of the rollers W W₁, the excrement
lying between the same is ground up and simultaneously distributed over the
length of the rollers, so that the latter are coated with a moist layer of excrement
which on the further rotation of the rollers, in the case of the roller W, which
lies over the grate R, is gradually brought more and more within range of the
fire, and is thus first dried, and then falls from off the roller in the form of a
scale and is finally burnt. The ashes fall on the grate R, or through the same
into the ash-pan (Figure 1). The roller W' is so cooled by the current of fresh
air passing over the same, in the direction of the arrow 3 (Figure 1) that the
layer of excrement adhering thereto will always contain some moisture and
remains sticky. This in combination with the considerably stronger heating of the
roller W, has the advantageous effect that, firstly, the fresh falling excrement
adheres almost exclusively to the roller W and thus is brought within reach of
the intense fire and thereby consumed, and, secondly, it prevents a caking together
of the two rollers, and, thirdly, constantly produces a tight joint between the
rollers and thus exactly, at this very important place, causes the certain shutting
off of the combustion chamber from the waste pipe i of the closet.
If, as frequently may be the case with household refuse, larger and harder
articles fall onto the rollers, they cause a correspondingly greater lateral separation
of the rollers. As soon, however, as the articles have passed the rollers, the
rollers immediately again swing together by their own weight and thus close the
passage.
Only a small portion of the urine reaches the rollers. The main portion flows
down the front of the tube i and is received at the arrow 4 (Figure 1) by a plate l,
which conveys the urine to a slot m through which it falls in the direction of the
arrow 5 into a passage n constructed in the stove, which passage conveys it into a
collecting vessel o arranged beneath the ashpan with its edges resting on projecting
flanges of the sheet metal walls which are here built in. This collecting vessel
closes the passage n at the bottom and may, when the ashpan has been removed,
also be lifted out.
The air necessary for combustion is also simultaneously drawn through the
passage n in the direction of the arrow 3. In consequence of the waste pipe i
being built with a tight joint into the stove, and the shutting off of the roller W
on the inner upper edge p of the passage n as well as the shutting-off of the
roller W against the partition 9 which is arranged over the same and which
extends to the top of the stove, this air can only be drawn through the closet
pipe i.
In this manner the rising of fumes to the closet chamber is entirely
prevented and all such fumes and vapours are on the other hand immediately and
constantly drawn off and conveyed through the fire which is maintained on the
grate R. The gases of combustion pass away over the fire bridge s at both sides
of the passagen (Figure 2, arrows 6 and 7) and this produces a preliminary
heating of the fresh air, and then pass over the bottom and the sides of the
collecting vessel o (Figure 1) so that the urine contained therein is evaporated.
The vapour hereby produced is carried along with the draught of fresh air and
conveyed in the direction of the arrow 3 through the grate R into the fire, so
that this vapour is rendered entirely harmless, and is drawn off with the gases
from the fire through the draught pipe connected with the opening t to the
chimney.
The lever bar arrangement h, h₁ and h² by means of which the intermittent
rotation of the rollers is produced, also serves for shaking up the grate R. For
this purpose the grate, which according to the size of the stove consists of one,
two or more fire plates (Figure 2), placed side by side, rests at one end on a bar u
(Figure 1), whilst the other end of each grate bar is held by a hook v (Figures 1, 2
and 3) all these hooks being fastened in a rectangular bar w, which is placed in a
larger slot w¹ (Figure 1) of the sheet metal plates, which are built into the stove,

page_text: and at the same time form the sides of the passage n, and which bar carries
(Figs. 3 & 4) a fixed lever h³ on the end which projects through the outer wall of
the stove. This lever h³ engages, by means of a pin h (Figure 2) in the slotted
eyelet (Figure 4) of a bar 4 movably attached to the lever h, so that towards
the end of the movement of the lever h, which takes place on the opening of the
closet door, the bar lifts somewhat the pin 4, and thereby produces a small
outward movement of the lever h³ and with it of the rod w with the hooks v, al
thus causes a shaking up and freeing from cinders of the grate R.
A pin or bare (Figure 1) is fastened on the rectangular bar w, which bar
serves as a point of support for the upper grate R', so that, on the movement of
the bar w, this upper grate also undergoes a shaking up, and thereby a suitable
downward movement of the fuel contained in the charging hopper y is produced.
It may also be noted, that the lateral separation of the rollers, which takes place
on the passage of the excrement between them, also causes a shaking up of the
fuel, which produces a slipping down of the same. This takes place by means of
the roller W which is in contact with this fuel, and this shaking up of the fuel
requires a certain amount of attention, as the above named lateral separation, or
displacement is almost exclusively performed by means of this roller W, whilst in
order to prevent smoke passing between the roller W₁ and the side p (Figure 1) of
the passage n, this second roller W' must be so arranged that there is constantly
maintained as reliable a tight joint as possible along this side p, even when the
roller is clean.
In order to partially relieve the roller W from the pressure of the fuel lying
above the same, a hinged flap q' (Figure 1) may be arranged on the inner partition g
of the fuel chamber or chute, which flap rubs with its under edge on the roller W,
and thus also serves to clean this roller. As the flap q¹ is also turned on its pivot
when the roller W undergoes a lateral movement, the fuel resting on the flap also
experiences a certain amount of shaking up.
A partition firmly built into the oven may of course be arranged instead of the
flap g', which would require to stand off in any case all the way down as well as at
the lower edge, so far from the roller W that the latter may move laterally without
hindrance to any desired extent. In this case the partition 9 must, as shown in
Figure 1, reach close to the roller W, in order to produce as tight a shutting-off as
possible of the fuel hopper or chute from the closet pipe i, to allow of a through
draught through the passage n, whilst by the arrangement of a flap such as q'
which rubs on the roller W, this close fitting of the partition to the roller W, is
not necessary.
In order to prevent any escape of smoke from the charging chute y, when the
same is opened for the purpose of inserting fresh fuel, the following arrangement
is made:-
The plate l, which serves for carrying off the urine, is movable on hinges
(Figure 1) and hangs on a bar 12, which is held by means of a spring 1, (Figures 1, 3
and 4) which is attached to the lid of the stove by one end, and projects with the
other end. The hanging bar 12 is provided at its upper end with a screw thread so
that by means of a screw nut 1, the bar, and therewith the plate l, may be adjusted
according to requirements.
Further on the lid of the stove, an elbow lever is movably arranged on a pivot z
(Figure 4), the longer arm of which lever lies on the lid y' of the charging
chute or hopper, so that, when the lid y' is opened, the elbow lever makes a
corresponding movement outwards. By this means a second lever, which is
movable on a pivot 2 also fastened on the lid of the stove, is caused to make an
outward movement by means of a bar z³, hinged to the shorter arm 22 of the elbow
lever. This second lever 2 then presses down by means of a projection the
above mentioned spring 13, so that the point of suspension of the bar descends in
such a way that the plate / rests on the roller W₁ and thus entirely shuts off the
draught of air passing through the passage n.
The draught exerted on the fire from the chimney can then only cause the

page_text: -in-draught of fresh air through the open fuel chute, and thus, on the opening of the
lid y' of the latter, any escape of smoke is entirely prevented.
In order, however, that when the ashpan k (Figure 1) is drawn out, as well also
as the urine holder for the purpose of emptying the same, the flame on the
pushing up of the sliding door S (Figures 1 and 2) which gives access to these
parts, shall not emerge through the opening exposed, a bar s' is attached to the
sliding door and carries a handle s² (Figure 4), which bar & fits into a socket s³
attached to the wall of the stove, and, on the door being pushed up, immediately
strikes on the projecting longer arm of the above named elbow lever, which
arm z projects over the edge of the lid y and forces the workman attending to the
stove to first adjust this elbow lever and thus to shut off the draught of air passing
through the passage in the manner herein before described, so that when the
sliding door S is subsequently pushed up, the air for the combustion is drawn in
through the opening thus caused. The thoroughly sterilised residue, which
remains in the vessel o after the evaporation of the urine, forms a valuable
substance, by far the largest part of which consists of salts very suitable for
manurial purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be perfor. ed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. An improved stove for disinfecting and consuming excrement and household
refuse, consisting of two rollers W and W (Figure 1) hanging under the closet
pipe i on two shafts a a¹ (Figure 1) and revolving intermittently, said rollers which
are exposed to the hot flames of a furnace, disintegrate 'the excrement, which is
carried with them and by a suitable lateral separation convey it into the combustion
chamber, which chamber draws its fresh air through the closet pipe, and the
passagen, the passage for the excrement being again closed by the aforesaid
rollers which close by their own weight and also constantly shut off the combustion
chamber on the one hand against the fresh air passage n and on the other hand
against the charging chute or hopper y, substantially as described and shown on
the accompanying drawing.
2. In a stove such as described in Claim 1, the arrangement of levers' h²
and Figure 4, which are set in action by the opening of the closet door, and
whereby the shafts a and a' are turned and towards the end of its outward
movement causes a shaking up of the two grates R and R' Figure 1, by means of
the draw-bar 8 Figure 4, and the lever * substantially as described and shown.
3. A modification of the stove such as described in Claim 1, consisting in
arranging a plate l, Figure 1, for catching the urine which drops from the front of
the closet pipe i, which plate conveys the urine through the fresh air passage n
to a collecting and evaporating vessel o Figure 1, which is encircled by the gases
of combustion drawn off from the furnace, and which sim iltaneously closes the
passage at the bottom, substantially as described and show 1.
4. In the form of construction of the stove described in Claim 3, the arrange-
ment of a series of lever bars 2¹2 23 24 and 2, Figure 4, v hich are brought into
action by the opening of the lid y' Figure 4 of the charging chute or hopper, and
which closes the draught of fresh air through the closet pipe by means of a plate 1,
which is movably hinged on a bar, with the object of preventing the escape of
smoke from the opening charging hopper, substantially as described and shown on
the accompanying drawing.
D
M-1003
WM. P. THOMPSON
Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.