Improvements in Cut-outs for Electric Lighting and other purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 26th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 30th Apr.,
1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cut-outs for Electric Lighting and other purposes.
I, THOMAS TAYLOR, of "Rosendale," The Bramptons, Newcastle, in the County
of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to safety electrical cut-outs, principally of the circular
type, for use in connection with electric lighting and other purposes.
In high tension electric-lighting installations, short-circuiting often occurs
between the terminal plates, owing to the high voltage of the current, and also in
consequence of the shortness of the fuze wire, which generally only passes over
the flat top of a circular outstanding part of the china base carrying the contacts
and connections of the leads.
The object of my invention is to increase the length of the fuze wire and to
prevent short circuiting.
In carrying out my invention in connection with a double-pole safety cut-out,
I take an ordinary china base having a screwed boss projecting from its outer side,
the face of which is crossed by right-angled walls or partitions, so arranged as to
form four compartments, or two pairs of contiguous recesses, wherein the double
sets or pairs of terminal plates are fitted and are separated from each other by the
said divisional walls or partitions, with those crossing walls which come between
the inner ends of the terminal plates having anchor shaped ends; that is to say,
the said ends are made somewhat of the figure of a triangle, with the two outer
sides being concaved or having scollops leading to the apex.
The fuze wire in connection with each set of terminal plates, passes from the
outer screw or connection of one plate, round the adjacent end of the outer wall,
and then takes a direct line to the apex of the triangular formation, and thence
to the opposite end of the said wall and round the same to the outer screw con-
nection of the other terminal plate. The middle part of the fuze rests upon a
peak of a ledge rising from the face of the boss to the apex of the triangular
outer wall.
Each fuze wire is thus considerably lengthened, and is surrounded with air at
all points other than where it contacts with the ends of the outer partition wall
and the adjoining elevated ledge and projecting apex at the middle of the said
wall, thereby obviating any possibility of short-circuiting through moisture
accumulating upon the insulating walls and forming a conductor for the high-
voltage current.
In carrying out my invention in connection with a single pole safely cut-out,
the terminal plates are located on the opposite sides of the boss and are separated
from one another by an intervening and approximately triangular or shield-shaped
projection, with the sides preferably concaved and with the broader end having a
projecting apex, with the parts between the middle and the corners concaved.
ledge to support the fuze wire is also provided, with the peak of the same coming
adjacent to the said apex, as in the first arrangement. The fuze wire passes from
A

page_text: the one terminal plate, round the one corner of the broad end of the projection or
partition thence directly to the supporting ledge at the apex and again to the
opposite corner and round the same to the second contact plate, the fuze wire thus
being surrounded by air and kept even from contact with the insulating material
other than at the three points aforesaid.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the particular forma-
tions of the divisional partitions or projections herein described, as the same may
be varied in many ways without departing from the nature of my invention, so
long as the fuze wire is surrounded on all sides by air spaces and contacts with
the insulating material of the cut-out at considerably separated points.
Dated this 5th day of October 1897.
Improvements in Cut-outs for Electric Lighting and other purposes.
I, THOMAS TAYLOR, of "Rosendale," The Bramptons, Newcastle, in the County
of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to safety electrical cut-outs, principally of the circular
type for use in connection with ceiling roses for electric lighting and various other
electrical purposes.
In high tension electric-lighting installations, short-circuiting and arcing often
occurs between the terminal plates, of cut-outs, ceiling roses and the like, owing
to the high voltage of the current, and also in consequence of the shortness of the
fuse wire, which generally only passes over the flat top of a circular outstanding
part of the china or other non-conducting base carrying the contacts and connec-
tions of the leads.
The object of my invention is to increase the length of the fuse wire and insulate
the terminals, thereby preventing short circuiting and arcing.
I will first describe my invention in connection with a double-pole safety cut-out
principally for electric lighting purposes, reference being made to the accompany-
ing drawing, in which
Figure 1 represents a top-side plan of a double-pole cut-out, the outer cover of
which is removed, constructed according to one form of my invention.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the right hand side of the said cut-out, and Figure 3
another elevation, looking at the same in a direction at right angles to the front
of view Figure 2. These Figures 1, 2 and 3 show the terminal plates with their
connections and the fuse and lead wires in position.
Figure 4 is a like plan as Figure 1, but with the terminals and fuses removed.
Figure 5 is a transverse vertical section of Figure 4, taken upon the dotted line.
Figure 6 represents another transverse vertical section of Figure 4, but taken
at right angles to that shown in Figure 5, viz., upon the dotted line a
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in Figures 1 to 6 of
the drawing.
This form of my improved cut-out consists of an insulating base a, made of
china, earthenware or other suitable non un-electrical conductor or insulating
material and having a screwed and preferably integrally formed boss a³, projecting
from its outer side, onto which the cover of the cut-out is wormed. The face of

page_text: this boss is crossed by right-angled walls or partitions a³, a³, so arranged as to form
four compartments or two pairs of contiguous recesses 61 ba, c¹, c³, wherein the
double sets or pairs of terminal plates d¹, d² e¹, e³, are fitted, but are separated and
completely insulated from each other by the said intervening divisional walls or
partitions, with the crossing walls a³, which come between the inner ends of the
said terminal plates having enlarged or extended anchor shaped or cross ends a¹,
that is to say, the said ends are each made somewhat of the figure of a triangle
with the two outer sides or faces a³, being concaved or having scollops leading
from the corners or ends a6, to the apex a.
f, f are the fuse wires, each being in connection with one set of terminal plates,
and after passing from the outer binding screw or connection 9, of one plate,
round the adjacent end or corner a, of the cross end or triangular formation a',
at one end of the wall a³, then takes a direct line to the apex a³, of the said
triangular end and thence to the opposite corner a6, of the said end, which con-
stitutes, as it were, an outer wall insulating the fuse wire from the terminal plates,
and then round the said last-named corner is the outer screw connection g, of the
terminal plate of the return lead wire. The middle part of the fuse rests upon
the peak as, of an elevated ledge a³, rising from the face of the boss to the apex a,
of the triangular outer wall, and also having concaved or scolloped faces a¹0,
to prevent the fuse wire coming into direct contact therewith.
Each fuse wire by being made to follow the circuitous course described, is con-
siderably lengthened, and is surrounded with air at all points other than where it
contacts with the ends of the outer partition wall and with the seating all, made
to receive it at the meeting points of the elevated ledge a³, and projecting apex a',
at the middle of the said wall, thereby obviating any possibility of short-circuiting
through moisture accumulating upon the insulating walls and forming a conductor
for the high-voltage current.
The negative and positive lead wires h, pass upwardly through holes a¹5, in the
base and are connected to the sleeves ¹, of the terminal plates by binding screws 2.
The edges of the bottoms of the separated recesses 61, 62, c1, c2, are undercut at b, c,
contiguous to the bottoms 65, 5, whilst the edges of the sides and inner ends of the
terminal plates are bevelled or chamfered to correspond with these undercuts,
within which the said edges of the plates lie when slipped into position within said
recesses, whereby they are prevented from rising out of position, whilst to prevent
them being withdrawn laterally, the screws g, which connect the ends of the fuse
wires, are passed screw holes in the said plates, and their inner ends take into
plain-sided sinkings a, made in the base. By connecting the terminals to the
base and preventing them from lifting out of place in this manner, the necessity
of forming tapped or screwed holes in the material of the base is obviated.
Figure 7 represents, in plan, a single pole electrical cut-out constructed
according to my invention.
Figure 8 is a side elevation of the same, and
Figure 9 is a transverse section of Figure 7, taken upon the dotted line x².
In carrying out this form of my invention, the terminal plates d', d², are respec-
tively located in side by side recesses 61, 63, both formed in the same side of the.
boss a¹, on the base a, of the cut-out and being separated from each other by an
intervening wall or partition a², which prevents arcing or short circuiting between
the terminals. The sides or faces of the boss are set back, scolloped or concaved
at a, and the meeting parts of the said scollops are notched at all,
to form separated rests or seatings for the lengthened fuse wire f, which
passes in a circuitous course from the terminal d¹, round the corner aб,
of the side wall a', where it rests in a notched seating a', and thence around
the boss, resting in the several seatings all, thereof, and finally passing
round the corner as, of the opposite wall as, to the return terminal
The said terminals are prevented from rising out of their assigned
positions by bevelled edges d³, of them being made to engage within undercuts 64,
formed around the bottoms of the recesses 61, 62, and are prevented from being

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