Improvements in the Manufacture of Mouldings and other Decorative Objects.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July. 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Apr., 1895-Accepted, 1st June, 1895
Improvements in the Manufacture of Mouldings and other
Decorative Objects.
We, FRIEDRICH STENGEL, Senior and CARL MÜLLER of III Hauptstrasse 72,
Vienna, in the Empire of Austria Decorators do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
"
Hitherto decorations, mouldings and wainscotting for decorative purposes have
been produced from wood, plaster or stucco, and these besides their high price
have also the disadvantage that the former under the influence of the atmosphere,
or rather of the moisture and warmth thereof, warp and often spring away, whilst
the latter have little rigidity and are easily damaged.
In order to remove these disadvantages we produce such decorations, mouldings
and wainscotting from paper pulp, cardboard or papier mâché and in order to
make them as light as possible they are not made solid but hollow.
If for example a flat moulding of quadrilateral section is to be produced a
moulding model having somewhat smaller side dimensions than the imitation
moulding to be produced, is covered with a dry layer of paper.
In this operation
the paper must when folded at the rectangular corners, be firmly and smoothly
flattened out. When the model moulding has been provided with this first dry
layer, a layer of paper covered with woven material follows and this, in the same
manner as the dry layer, is folded up and smoothed out flat under pressure. This
is repeated until the desired thickness of layers is obtained. The model moulding
is then drawn out and the imitation moulding dried. In the same way flat
mouldings of round, oval or angular section are produced. Half round, half-oval,
or especially part sections of symmetrical shape are produced by a moulding, as
above, of the complete section, being produced, as for example of circular form,
and then by longitudinal cutting, being separated into mouldings of half round
section, these parts being glued on to cardboard or paper pulp and a covering layer
being glued over.
In the same manner decorative plinths and cornices with mouldings are produced.
The mouldings &c. so formed may be decorated by stippling, gilding, bronzing,
lacquering or painting and can be if desired impregnated with any suitable known
substances.
In order to produce beams or mouldings of larger section the model is first
covered with cardboard or pulp and these are then coated with paper glued on.
High or low relief decorations are produced by pressure upon such damped
paper layers glued one upon another, cardboard pulp or papier-mâché. When
produced by means of papier-mâché it is preferable to add to the latter a
filling body, as for example flour, gypsum or fine grain sand with, which if
necessary, a binding material may be mixed. These relief decorations so produced
are then fastened to the imitation body or to the surfare to be decorated or
produced on the former by transferring thereon the papier-mâché and afterwards
pressing,
'
In order to produce wainscotting, pulp or cardboard sheets are closed one on
another and several·layers glued one over another. In this the arrangement of the

page_text: sheets must be such that the joints must always be transposed, that is, a plain sheet
over a joint, as in brickwork.
D011
1004
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Mouldings and other
Decorative Objects.
We FRIEDRICH STENGEL, Senior, and CARL MÜLLER of III Haupstrasse 72,
Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, Decorators, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
. described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Hitherto decorations, mouldings and wainscotting for decorative purposes have
heen produced from wood, plaster or stucco, and these besides their high price
have also the disadvantage that the former under the influence of the atmosphere,
or rather of the moisture and warmth thereof, warp and often spring away whilst
the latter have little rigidity and are easily damaged.
In order to remove these disadvantages we produce such decorations, mouldings
and wainscotting from paper pulp cardboard or paper maché, and in order to make
them as light as possible they are not made solid but hollow.
If for example a flat moulding of quadrilateral section is to be produced a
moulding model having somewhat smaller side dimensions than the imitation
moulding to be produced, is covered with a dry layer of paper. In this operation
the paper must, when folded at the rectangular corners, be firmly and smoothly
flattened out. When the model moulding has been provided with this first dry
layer, a layer of paper covered with woven material follows and this in the same
manner as the dry layer is folded up and smoothed out flat under pressure. This
is repeated until the desired thickness of layers is obtained. The model moulding
is then drawn out and the imitation moulding dried. In the same way flat
mouldings of round oval or angular section are produced. Half round, half oval,
or especially part sections of symmetrical shape, are produced by a moulding
as above of the 'complete section, being produced as for example of circular
form, and then by longitudinal cutting being separated into mouldings of half
round section, these parts being glued on to cardboard or paper pulp and a
covering layer being glued over.
In the same manner decorative plinths and cornices with mouldings are
produced. The mouldings &c. so formed may be decorated by stippling, gilding,
bronzing, lacquering or painting and can be, if desired, impregnated with any
suitable known substance.
In order for example to produce a moulding as Fig. 1 on accompanying
drawings, the model moulding L is as previously described covered with dry paper
and then several layers of paper or paper pulp are glued on or pressed between
moulds (Fig. 2). The back of the moulding L is provided with cardboard or
pulp C and on this each layer of paper is glued. When the desired thickness is
reached the moulding L is drawn out and the imitation moulding is dried. The
model L can be omitted and the design or shape is then obtained by the pressure
of a suitably moulded or shaped die mould N as shown in Fig. 3. The edges of.
the moulding are formed by the inlay of the previously roughened layers of paper
or of cardboard or pulp in the mould M' whilst the part & projecting over the edges

page_text: is pressed up by the die mould N, and as the inner surfaces are covered with a
sticky material it is left after drying attached to the side surfaces. The mouldings
so produced are covered as above described. Quarter bars are pressed in a similar
manner, but over a model moulding L, see Fig. 4. In the same manner ornamental
mouldings are also produced, if pulp cardboard or paper layers glued one over
another are used for their production, which have then to be first roughened, laid
in the mould M and over the model moulding L and pressed by the die N (sec
Fig. 2).
When
In order to produce beams or mouldings of larger section the model is first
covered with cardboard or pulp and these are then coated with paper glued on.
High or low relief decorations are produced by pressure upon such damped
paper layers glued one upon another, cardboard pulp or papier maché.
produced by means of papier maché it is preferable to add to the latter a filling
body as for example flour, gypsum or fine grain sand with which if necessary a
binding material may be mixed. These relief decorations so produced are then
fastened to the imitation body or to the surface to be decorated or produced on the
former by transferring thereon the papier maché and afterwards pressing.
In order to produce wainscotting, pulp or cardboard sheets are closed one on
another and several layers glued one over another. In this the arrangement of the
sheets must be such that the joints must always be transposed, that is, a plain sheet
over a joint as in brickwork."
In order to be able to produce a complicated assemblage by means of such
imitation bodies this assemblage is produced by means of jointing one on another
of the corresponding parts and the coating over of same as shown by Fig. 5. The
beam A is formed by the joining together of the prisms A1 A2 A3 A4 and to the
sides thereof are glued the decorative mouldings B, D, E, F, G and H and
the whole glued to a pulp base C of suitable strength and coated with a covering
layer. If the depressions are too large then strips of cardboard or pulp of
suitable size are let in and glued thereon. The whole decoration is then fixed in
position by means of the base C fastened by studs or clips. For decorations which
are to be specially firm and durable such are covered with a layer of linen glued on
and acting as the covering layer. The decorative bodies so produced are then
decorated partly or entirely by any known method as for example gilded, bronzed,
lacquered, stippled or painted.
These decorations can in the course of production in the separate parts, as also
after being fitted together, be made fireproof by impregnation with any suitable
known substance.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what mauner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. Hollow decorative bodies such as mouldings, wainscotting & c. consisting of
hollow bodies made of suitable strength in paper, cardboard pulp or papier maché
suitably joined together, glued on a base covered with a coating layer and connected
together to form a decorative body substantially as described.
2. The process for the production of the hollow decorative bodies described
under (1) consisting in that a model is first coated with dry paper on which a
suitable number of layers of paper cardboard or pulp covered with glue are laid or
pressed and dried after removal of the model and finally decorated stippled, gilded,
bronzed, lacquered, painted or impregnated, substantially as described.
3. The process for the production of the hollow decorative bodies produced
according to the process claimed in (2) and consisting in the model being first
covered with cardboard or pulp and then being further treated as described
under (2).
4. The process for producing decorative objects claimed under (1) by laying
previously roughened sheets of paper of cardboard or of pulp in moulds M and

page_text: pressing same by the aid of suitably shaped die moulds N either over a model
mouid L or without the latter.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.