A Furnace for Continuous Carbonizing or Coking.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1890-Accepted, 19th Apr., 1890
A Furnace for Continuous Carbonizing or Coking.
I, HERMAN EKELUND of Jönköping Sweden Manager of
lo hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
e performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
tatement:-
This furnace serves to carbonize or coke various matters such for instance as wood,
beat and the like in a continuous manner. Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings
is a vertical sectional elevation on line a-b of Figure 2 which latter is a vertical
transverse section on line c-d of Figure 1.
The apparatus consists of three main superposed compartments, of which the upper-
most one A is for drying and preheating the matter to be carbonized, the intermediate
one B for carbonizing or coking the aforesaid matter and the bottom one C for
The intermediate compartment B
extinguishing and cooling the carbonized matter.
is by partition walls a and b separated from lateral compartments D and E. The
compartments A and B are separated from one another partly by raised or arched
hollow floors containing each two flues or passages F and G, and partly by sliding
doors H whereby the opening between the floors may be opened or closed. The
compartments B and Care separated partly by raised or arched floors containing each
only one flue I, and partly by sliding doors K.
In the bottom compartment C are placed iron cisterns L. The top of the structure
or furnace is covered by an arched roof having doors and a chimney or cowl c
provided with a fan d or appliance for carrying off vapours.
The compartments A and B having been filled with the matter to be carbonized hot
gases from an outer fire place are conducted into the compartment D of the apparatus
by the lateral inlet flue e. These gases ascending enter through openings into the
lower flues G, and thence descend through openings in the bottom of the latter and
enter the compartment B where they effect the carbonizing of the matter contained
therein. The gas and vapours thus produced descend through the perforated or grate
shaped floors of the compartment B and enter the flues I, and thence through pipes f
into the cisterns P being drawn and forced by a fan Q arranged in connection there-
with. The water and tar will deposit in the cistern P and are removed therefrom as
occasion requires. The gases ascend from the cistern P by a pipe g into the com-
partment E which forms a fire place whereby the gases are ignited and thence rise
into the flues F and through openings in their roofs into the compartment A whence
the watery vapours are drawn off by the fan d.
When the apparatus has once become hot, no firing is required of the fire place in
the compartment E, as the gases will be ignited by the heated walls of the flues F
which receive supply of atmospheric air partly from without by means of suitable
pipes or openings and partly from the compartment C by means of pipes i.
"If the tar and water do not require to be condensed the gases may pass directly
from the flues I into the compartiment E by means of any suitable conduit.
The matter in the compartment B having been carbonized as required the doors K
are opened by means of the rods k, so that the carbonized material drops into the
cisterns L. The doors K are then pushed in again and the doors H opened so that
the matter in the upper compartment A drops into the compartment B whereupon
the doors H are shut again, a fresh charge put into the compartment A through the
doors 6' and the carbonizing process continued uninterruptedly.
The lids n of the cisterns L are closed by means of the levers m pivoted thereon.
A steam jet is let into the cisterns through the pipes v. The gases and vapours
arising are conducted into the compartment E by the pipes p, while the heat radiated
from the cisterns L in the compartment C is led up into the flues F by the pipes i.

page_text: The coked material in the cisterns L having been cooled is removed by doors in the
lower ends of same.
The carbonizing action in the compartment B is thus effected by the hot gases
entering from the compartment D and by the heat given off in the compartment C
during the process of extinguishing and cooling the already coked material.
The drying and preheating of the material in the compartment A is effected partly
by means of heat arising from the compartment B and partly by means of the hot
gases coming up from the compartment E and the hot air coming up from the com-
partment C by way of the pipes i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
•
First. A furnace for a continuous process of carbonizing or coking consisting of
three superposed compartments such as A B and C, the middle oue having two
lateral compartments such as D and E, the upper compartment A and middle
compartment B being separated by raised or arched hollow floors or floor parts
forming double flues, one flue in each floor communicating with the one lateral
compartment D and with the middle compartment B, and the other flue in each
floor communicating with the other lateral compartment E and with the upper
compartment A, whilst the middle compartment B and the lower one Care separated
by arched floors or floor parts containing each a flue communicating with the
middle compartment B and, by means of pipes either directly or through a condenser
provided with a rotating fan, communicating with the other lateral compartment E
the said arched floors being provided with sliding doors for the purpose of being
able to charge the top compartment A with fresh material, and for charging the
middle compartment B with material from the top compartment A and emptying it
into the bottom compartment C, and so that heated air led into one lateral compart-
ment may pass through the middle compartment and together with gases produced
there rise to the top compartment A either directly or through a condenser.
Second. In a furnace operating as firstly claimed the arrangement of the cisterns
for securing the carbonized matter, the cisterns being placed under the outlet
openings of the middle compartment such as B and communicating with the top
compartment these cisterns having also lids or sliding doors and by means of pipes
communicating with a lateral compartment E and the compartment A for the
purpose of conducting the heat from the charged and closed cisterns into the com-
partment A for drying and preheating the material therein.
Dated this 1st day of March 1800
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.