Improvements in or relating to Machinery for Cutting Coal, Stone, and other Hard Substances.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 7th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 12th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL MULTIVATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machinery for Cutting Coal, Stone,
and other Hard Substances.
We, WILLIAM PATTERSON, Engineer of 9 Front Street, Tynemouth in the
County of Northumberland, THOMAS HEPPELL, Mining Engineer, of Leafield
House, Chester-le-Street in the County of Durham, and JOHN GEORGE
PATTERSON, Engineer, also of the former address, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to Improvements in or relating to Machinery for Cutting
Coal Stone and other Hard Substances and is an improvement on or an improved
addition to the special apparatus described in our Patent Specification No. 12,997
of 1891.
In the Specification referred to the cutter bar is described as being carried at its
outer end in a special bearing supported by an arm or bracket extending from the
trolley or frame and our present invention has for its object means for enabling the
arm or bracket and cutter bar to be readily removed or swung round so as to
enable the cutter bar to be removed or renewed as occasion requires whilst at work.
To effect this purpose we propose to mount the cutter bar in special bearings
provided on the arm or bracket and to secure the latter to the frame or trolley by
adjustable bolts so that by loosening one or more bolts the arm and cutter bar can
be swung round on another bolt or pin as a centre of motion.
For this purpose there may be provided on the arm radially slotted brackets to
slip into position over the bolt hole and the cutter bar may be divided into lengths
and coupled together to enable it to be removed if so desired.
In such a case the scraper chain may be arranged under the arm whereby
compactness is obtained.
Further as the use of a rope or drum for feeding forward the trolley has the
disadvantage of giving an unequal speed owing to the varying diameters of
leverage due to the coiling of the rope on the drum and as it is requisite to keep
the feed or travel of the machine constant we propose to use one or more chain
wheels so that for any speed of travel required one or other of the wheels can
be used.
.
The shaft on which these wheels are mounted will be hand or power driven and
the chain in this manner passing over the wheel maintains a constant diameter and
consequently a constant rate of feed motion.
Dated this 15th day of August 1893.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Machinery for Cutting Coal, Stone,
and other Hard Substances.
We, WILLIAM PATTERSON, Engineer, of 9 Front Street, Tynemouth in the
County of Northumberland, THOMAS HEPPELL, Mining Engineer, of Leafield
House, Chester-le-Street in the County of Durham, and JOHN GEORGE
PATTERSON, Engineer, also of the former address, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to Improvements in or relating to Machinery for Cutting
Coal Stone and other Hard Substances and is an improvement on or an improved
addition to the special mechanism described in our Patent Specification No. 12,997
of 1891.
In the Specification referred to the cutter bar is described as being carried at its
outer end in a special bearing supported by an arm or bracket extending from the
trolley or frame and our present invention has for its object means for enabling an
improved design of arm or bracket with the cutter bar and gear to be readily
removed or swung round so as to enable the cutter bar or apparatus to be removed
or renewed or inspected as occasion requires whilst at work as well as for improving
the details and working of the machine as hereinafter described.
To effect this purpose we propose to mount the cutter bar in bearings of a
special nature provided on the arm or bracket and to secure the latter to the frame
or trolley by adjustable bolts or pins so that by loosening one or more bolts or pins
the arm with the cutter bar and gear can be swung round on another bolt or pin as
a centre of motion.
For this purpose there may be provided on the arm radially slotted brackets to
slip into position over the bolt or bolts or holes and the cutter bar may be
divided into lengths and coupled together to enable it to be removed if so
desired.
In such a case the scraper chain may conveniently and with great advantage
be arranged under the arm whereby also compactness is obtained as hereinafter
shown.
We will fully describe this improved construction or apparatus with reference to
the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 shows a general plan view of the whole apparatus, Figure 2 being an
end view of the same: Both these figures show the tram or trolley and the arm
or bracket for carrying the cutter bar and gear fitted together in working
position.
Figure 6 shows the arm or bracket and the gear adapted to swing therewith
arranged separately apart from the tram or trolley in plan view.
Figure 3 shows an end elevational view as seen from the outer end of the arm
or bracket.
Figure 4 shows a cross-section on line w. x. in Figure 6 of the arm.
Figure 5 shows a similar view on line y z in Figure 6 and in the following
description like marks of reference designate like parts.
Referring to the drawings it will be observed that the cutter bar A is mounted
in special bearings A¹, A provided on the arm or bracket or backstay B. A
mitre-pinion wheel W on the cutter bar is arranged to gear with the mitre
wheel W which is carried on a spindle S suitably mounted as shown in the drawings
on the trolley or wagon or tram T.
The pinion O driven from any suitable motor gears with spur O¹ to drive the

page_text: cutter. bar and apparatus as shown. A wheel O' on spindle S gears with wheel O'
mounted in an adjustable bracket O on the backstay to drive the end, wheels of
the scraper chain.
The bearing K at the outer end of the cutter bar is of the type described and
illustrated in our Patent No. 12997 of 1891.
The reciprocating mechanism for giving reciprocatory motion to the cutter bar
is also of the type described in our Patent Specification No. 12,997" but in the
present arrangement the cams R R' on the cutter bar revolving in contact with
the fixed pin S¹ are mounted and arranged to swivel round with the backstay when
required as shown very clearly in Figure 6 where a special bracket S* is shown
bolted to the end of the radial backstay to carry the fixed pin S' against which the
slant-faced cams R R¹ rotate.
The backstay is pivotted to the tram T by a pin P so that the backstay and its
gear can be swung round or radiated on this pin as a centre of motion. At N
and N¹ radial slotted brackets are formed on the backstay which are designed to
take the T-heads of certain bolts L which serve to connect and secure the backstay
to the tram T and at N' a locking pin is provided.
Compactly arranged immediately underneath the backstay and behind the
cutter bar the endless chain of scrapers or debris-removing apparatus is placed the
end wheels or pulleys of which are centred at M, M as shown in the drawings and
adapted to be driven as above described. Great convenience and advantage is
obtained by thus arranging the scraper chain for while travelling in the groove or
slot cut in the coal, pieces of coal keep continually falling from the upperside of
the cut or slot and by the arrangement shown such coal cannot fall directly onto
the scrapers arranged underneath the backstay and in this manner the risks of
breakages of the scraper chain are greatly reduced.
Thus when it is required for any purpose to examine the cutters or the cutter
bar or apparatus there with connected whilst the machine is in its working position
undercutting or "kirving" the coal it is only necessary to remove the locking
pin N and to slacken the nuts of the bolts L when the whole backstay with its
working parts as shown in Figure 6 (including the cutter bar with its actuating
pinion W, debris-removing apparatus with its actuating wheel O' and reciprocatory
apparatus) can be swung round or radiated from underneath the tram on the pin P
as a centre of motion and after the necessary inspection or renewal has been made
the whole can be swung back again into gear and into its working position when
the pin N2 must be replaced and the bolts L again tightened up. In this manner
a great saving of time and labour is effected as compared with the cumbersome
method hitherto employed of having to disconnect the cutter bar from the back-
stay or the backstay and cutter bar from the tram when any inspection of the
working parts was rendered necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
--
1. In machines for cutting coal stone and similar hard substances in which a
backstay is employed to support the cutter bar and in which a special bearing is
employed at the outer end of the backstay and cutter bar as and for the purposes
set forth in the Specification of our Letters Patent No. 12,997 of 1891, pivotting
the backstay on the trolley and providing it with inner bearings for the cutter bar
as well as the special outer bearing aforesaid, with recessed radial slots adapted to
take T-headed bolts connecting the trolley with the backstay, with a locking pin,
with a debris removing apparatus or scraper-chain compactly arranged immediately
underneath the backstay and with a reciprocatory mechanism so as to enable the
backstay cutter bar debris-removing and reciprocatory apparatus to be swung
round on the pivot on the trolley either out of gear with the actuating motor
wheels or into gear therewith for the purposes of readily examining renewing or
adjusting the cutters or cutter bar or apparatus and of replacing the same these

page_text: several parts being arranged and combined to co-operate substantially as herein
-set forth.
2. In machinery for cutting coal stone and similar hard substances in which a
backstay to the cutter bar is provided and arranged as herein described and
illustrated, arranging and operating the debris-removing apparatus immediately
underneath the backstay substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
3. The general arrangement or combination of parts constituting the improved
construction of adjustable backstay cutter bar debris-removing and reciprocatory
apparatus arranged combined and designed to work substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 6th day of April 1894.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.