Improvements in Furnaces for Burning Towns' Refuse.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left. 25th Aug. 1893-Accepted. 21st Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for Burning Towns' Refuse.
WILLIAM WARNER Hope Drive The Park Nottingham Civil Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to increase the efficiency of such furnaces and their
appurtenances, and to utilize as far as possible the heat produced.
According to my invention I construct each furnace with a reverberatory arch
partly over the fire grate, and partly over a drying hearth.
Each furnace is provided with two outlet flues, one near the furnace mouth over
the fire grate, and one near the back of the furnace over the drying hearth; and
each outlet flue is provided with a damper having arrangements for opening and
closing them in front of the furnaces.
When refuse is fed into a furnace the damper nearest the mouth may be opened,
and the damp offensive gases are drawn over the red fire, and when the refuse has
become partly dried, and is not giving off such a large volume of damp offensive
gases, this damper may be closed, and the one opened near the back of furnace,
thus burning most of the offensive gases when needful, and afterwards using the
full capacity of the furnace. These dampers are also useful to prevent the escape
of fine dust when clinkering and drawing down refuse, as any furnace may be closed
from the main flue, without stoppage to the others.
Most refuse furnaces are built in blocks having the number of furnaces to suit
the amount of refuse to be treated, and therefore if all with one exception are at
work they are more efficient.
In order to further economize the heat of the products of combustion, and apply
the same to a useful purpose I construct a fire brick chamber in connection with the
main flue, having perforated sides, so that the products of combustion may pass
partly through and round it.
The bottom of this chamber has a channel formed, and a door in the outside
wall; the top is arched inside, with flat surface outside, and feed hopper through
the crown.
This chamber, which is heated by the products of combustion, may be used for
burning mattresses, destroying condemned meat, and carcases of animals; also the
purification of meat tins, and other tinware.
The channel at bottom of chamber will collect oil or fat from the condemned
meat and carcases, and may be run off through the door in outside wall, and the
same opening may be used to allow melted tin and solder to pass out.
Thus the heat is utilized, and may afterwards be passed round and through steam
boilers.
Dated this 20th day of November 1892.
WILLIAM WARNER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for Burning Towns' Refuse.
WILLIAM WARNER, Hope Drive, The Park, Nottingham, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to. be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of this invention is to increase the efficiency of such furnaces and
their appurtenances and to utilize as far as possible the heat produced.

page_text: According to my invention I construct each furnace with a reverberatory arch
partly over the firegrate and partly over the drying hearth.
Each furnace is provided with two outlet flues, one near the furnace mouth over
the firegrate and one near the back of the furnace over the drying hearth, and each
outlet flue is provided with a damper having arrangements for opening and closing
them in front of the furnaces.
When refuse is fed into a furnace the damper nearest the mouth may be opened
and the damp offensive gases are drawn over the red fire, and when the refuse
has become partly dried and is not giving off such a large volume of damp offensive
gases, this damper may be closed and the one opened near the back of furnace,
thus burning most of the offensive gases when needful and afterwards using the full
capacity of the furnace. These dampers are also useful to prevent the escape of
fine dust when clinkering and drawing down refuse, as any furnace may be closed
from the main flue, without stoppage to the others.
Most refuse furnaces are built in blocks having the number of furnaces to suit
the amount of refuse to be treated and therefore if all with one exception are at
work they are more efficient. In order to further economise the heat of the
products of combustion and apply same to a useful purpose I construct a firebrick
chamber in connection with the main flue having perforated sides so that the products
of combustion may pass partly through and round it. The bottom of this chamber
has a channel formed and a door in the outside wall, the top is arched inside, with
a flat surface outside and feed hopper through the crown.
This chamber which is heated by the products of combustion may be used for
burning mattresses destroying condemned meat and carcases of animals, also the
purification of meat tins and other tin ware.
The channel at bottom of chamber will collect oil or fat from condemned meat
and carcases and may be run off through the door in outside wall and the same
opening may be used to allow melted tin and solder to pass out.
Thus the heat is utilized and may afterwards be passed round and through steam
boilers.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I have hereunto attached
a sheet of drawings illustrative thereof, marked with letters and figures of reference
corresponding with those in the following explanation.
In all the figures the same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding
parts.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through half a furnace, firebrick chamber and
flues on line M. N.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the firebrick chamber and flues on line A. B.
Figure 3 is a cross sectional elevation through a furnace on line C D and fire-
brick chamber on line H. K and side flue to a furnace on line E F.
a represents the reverberatory firebrick arch passing over the firegrate b and
drying hearth b¹. c represents outlet and damper for passing the gases out near the
front of a furnace. d in Figure 1 represents an outlet at back of a furnace, the
same openings are shown in Figure 2 by dotted lines at d.
l
e represents the firebrick chamber with channel plate at the bottom marked ;
g represents the iron door for cleaning out the chamber, h the arched crown of
furnace and the feeding hopper, k represents a pocket to collect oil, fat, or solder
from old tins, represents flues passing round and under the firebrick chamber,
m represents a side flue having the outlets c and d from furnaces passing into it.
n represents a vertical flue passing from side flue into the main flue. o represents
furnace doors, p ash pit, r tipping beam, s high level platform, t firebrick perforated
walls.
I will now proceed to describe the method of working with these improvements.
Towns refuse is brought by carts or vans upon the high level platforms, and is
tipped over the tipping beam r upon the refuse furnaces; and is then fed into the
furnaces through feeding hoppers. I have not shown these hoppers as they are
well known and they do not effect this invention.

page_text: Whilst feeding, the workmen' may pick out any tin ware, and afterwards put it
into the firebrick chamber e through hopper i.
The towns refuse fed into these furnaces is first placed upon the drying hearth b',
where it is.dried and prepared for active combustion upon the fire grate b. During
the operation of drying large volumes of gases are given off, and by closing the
dampers d and opening the dampers c the gases are led over the red hot fire upon
the fire grate b, and they are also acted upon the heat of the arch near the furnace
mouth. When the whole of the refuse inside the furnace becomes red hot the front
dampers c may be closed and the back dampers d opened, thus giving full benefit of
the capacity of the furnaces.
These dampers are moved as required by the levers c¹ and d¹ which are connected
by spindles passing through the brickwork to each damper.
Dampers worked by levers in this manner are also useful to prevent the flow of
gases into the main flue during the time of clinkering and cleaning out furnaces.
The gases or products of combustion pass through these outlets into the side
flues m, and vertical flues n, to the main flue, where they mingle together before
passing on to the firebrick chamber; thus the furnaces are kept at a higher
temperature and the products of combustion are utilized in heating up the firebrick
chamber e and the perforated brick wall t allow them to readily act upon the
contents of the firebrick chamber.
The clinkers are drawn through the fire-doors o and the fine ashes are taken out
the ashpits p.
In the treatment of carcases of animals they are fed through the feeding hopper i
into the firebrick chamber e aud after the oil or fat may be immediately drawn off
at the bottom at k and afterwards the flesh and bones are cremated. When used
for purification of old tins, the tins are fed through the opening i and allowed to
remain until they become red hot and the solder fall upon the channel plate and
into the collecting pocket k.
When they have been in the brick chamber sufficiently long to become purified
the door g is opened and they are discharged.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
=
1. The construction and arrangement of dampers in town refuse furnaces as
described and for the purposes specified.
2. The construction and arrangement of a firebrick chamber in connection with
town refuse furnaces as described and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 24th day of August 1893.
WILLIAM WARNER.