An Improved Method of Making Paints and Varnishes and the Treatment of Gums and Resins for the same, for Preservative, Decorative, and Artistic Purposes, also for Preserving the Plates of Iron and Steel Ships from Corrosion and the Bottoms of Ships from Fouling.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept, 1890-Accepted, 29th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Making Paints and Varnishes and the
Treatment of Gums and Resins for the same, for Preservative,
Decorative, and Artistic Purposes, also for Preserving the Plates
of Iron and Steel Ships from Corrosion and the Bottoms of Ships
from Fouling.
I ROBERT MULLARD Chemist 46 Drakefell Road St. Catherine's Park Hatcham
London S.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is well known to persons having a knowledge of chemistry that the gums and
resins used in the preparation of paints and varnishes have the properties of acids,
inasmuch that they are capable of combining with metallic bases, forming definite
chemical combinations with them; for example, the resins of the conifera, and
other species of pine, forming the residue of the turpentine distillers and known as
yellow resin or rosin, amber resin, black rosin & colophony consists of pinic acid,
sylvestric acid abietic acid, colophonic acid &c. while other gums and resins contain
similar acid bodies.
The object of this my invention is the combination of these acid bodies of the
gums and resins with metallic bases making them into paints and varnishes and
applying them to preservative, decorative, artistic and antifouling purposes.
For the purpose of this my invention I call the acid bodies of the gums and resins
resin acids and the salt formed by the combination of a resin acid with a metallic
base a metallic resinate, such as lead resinate, copper resinate &c. &c.
In carrying out my invention I proceed as follows
I convert the resin acid into a soluble resinate of sodium potassium or ammonium
by boiling the resin in a solution of the hydrate of one of either the above, untill a
neutral solution of resinate is formed, to this solution, while hot, I add a solution of
a salt of the metal desired, in slight excess, when an insoluble resinate of that metal
seperates out this is boiled well washed and pressed untill free from salts of
decomposition it is then dried or fused at a gentle heat as desired.
In preparing varnishes of the metallic resinates I take any metallic resinate and
dissolve it in suitable solvents to which I add, if desired, linseed or boiled oil, any of
the gums and resins used in the preparation of varnishes or the varnishes prepared
from them also asphaltum and pitch and colouring substances.
In preparing paints of the metallic resinates, I take any metallic resinate and mix
it with the necessary quantity of boiled oil or linseed oil and turpentine or other
suitable solvents and driers, to this I add any of the colouring substances so as to
produce the colours of paints in general use for preservative, decorative and artistic
purposes.
In carrying out my invention for the preparation of metallic resinate paints I use
those resinates, where practicable, which have the same metallic base as the colouring
substances, for instance in making white paint or yellow paint where lead salts are
used as the carbonate or sulphate of lead for white paints, and the chromate of lead
for yellow paints, these I combine with lead resinate, for green paints where copper
salts are used these I combine with copper resinate &c.
I applying my invention to the production of metallic resinate paints for preventing
the corrosion of the plates of iron and steel ships, I take any metallic resinate, to
which I add if desired, asphaltum, pitch, boiled oil and colouring substances dissolved
in turpentine or other suitable solvents or quick drying varnish.
In applying my invention to the production of metallic resinate paints for preventing
the fouling of ships bottoms, I take any metallic resinate to which I add from

page_text: 10 to 50% of cresylic acid, carbolic acid, coal tar creasote beech wood creasote, colouring
substances and turpentine or other suitable solvents.
Dated this 24th day of December 1889.
ROBERT MULLARD.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Making Paints and Varnishes and the
Treatment of Gums and Resins for the same, for Preservative,
Decorative, and Artistic Purposes, also for Preserving the Plates
of Iron and Steel Ships from Corrosion and the Bottoms of Ships
from Fouling.
I ROBERT MULLARD of 46 Drakefell Road St. Catherine's Park Hatcham London S.E.
Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to he particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
It is well known to persons having a knowledge of chemistry that the gums &
resins use in the preparation of paints and varnishes have the properties of acids,
inasmuch that they are capable of combining with metallic bases forming definite
chemical combinations with them; for example the resins of the conifera, and other
species of pine, forming the residue of the turpentine distillers and known as yellow
resin or rosin, amber resin black resin &c. colophony consists of pinic acid sylvestric
acid, abietic acid, colophonic acid &c. while other gums and resins contain similar
acid bodies.
The object of this my invention is the combination of the acid bodies of the gums
and resins with metallic bases making them into paints and varnishes and applying
them to preservative, decorative, artistic and antifouling purposes. For the purpose
of this my invention I call the acid bodies of the gums & resins "resin acid" and the
salt formed by the combination of a resin acid with a metallic base a "metallic
resinate " such as lead resinate copper resinate &c.
In carrying out my invention I proceede as follows
I convert the resin acid into a soluble resinate of sodium, potassium or ammonium
by boiling the resin or gum in a solution of the hydrate of one of either the above
until a neutral solution of resinate is formed, to this solution while hot I add a
solution of a salt of the metal desired in slight excess, when an insoluble resinate of
that metal seperates out, this is well washed and pressed until free from salts of
decomposition, it is then dried or fused at a gentle heat as desired.
The metallic resinates are then dissolved in suitable solvents and form simple
varnishes of the metallic resinates to which I add if desired any of the gums & resins
generally used in the preparation of varnishes or the varnishes prepared from them
(in or about the following proportions.
Metallic resinate
Turpentine or naptha
Metallic resinate
Gum damara or other suitable gums
Turpentine, naphtha or other suitable solvent
Metallic resinate
Turpentine
Copal or amber varnish
5 parts by weight.
15 to 20 parts by measure; or
4 parts by weight.
1 part by weight.
20 parts by measure, or
5 parts by weight.
20 parts by measure.
10 to 20 parts by measure.
In preparing oil varnishes I take any metallic resinate and boil at a gentle heat
with from 1 to 50 per cent. of linseed oil until when cool a solid or semi solid mass
results according to the purpose for which it is to be used, or I take the metallic
resinate and dissolve it at a gentle in (an equal weight) of boiled oil they are then
mixed with turpentine or other suitable solvents or if desired I mix with the metallic

page_text: 5
resinate and oil any of the gums and resins and other substances used in the prepara-
tion of varnishes or the varnishes prepared from them in or about the following
proportions which may be varied so as to suit the particular purpose for which it is
desired.
Metallic resinate and oil prepared as above
Turpentine
Linseed oil
Metallic resinate and oil
Turpentine
Copal; amber or other suitable varnish
5 parts by weight.
5 parts by measure.
5 parts by measure or
5 parts by weight.
5 parts by measure.
5 parts by measure.
In preparing metallic resinate paints I take any metallic resinate and mix it with
the necessary quantity of boiled or raw linseed oil and turpentine or other suitable
solvents and driers to this I add any of the metallic oxydes or other substances so
as to produce the colours of paints in general use for preservative or decorative
purposes in or about the following proportions, which may be varied as required.
Metallic resinate
Boiled oil
Colouring substance
Linseed oil
-
-
30 parts by weight.
30 parts by measure.
10 parts by weight.
30 to 50 parts by measure.
In carrying out my invention for the preparation of metallic resinate paints I use those
resinates where practicable which correspond to the metallic oxydes or other substances
used as colours for instance in making white paint or yellow paint where lead salts
are used as the carbonate or sulphate of lead for white paints & the chromate of lead
for yellow paints I combine these with lead resinate, for green paints where copper
salts are used these I combine with copper resinate &c.
In applying my invention to the production of metallic resinate paints for preventing
the corrosion of the plates of steel and iron ships I take any metallic resinate
preferably the iron resinate to which I add if desired asphaltum coal tar, pitch,
boiled oil and colouring substances dissolved in turpentine or other suitable solvents
or quick drying varnish in or about the following proportions
Metallic resinate
Boiled oil
Oxyde of iron
Turpentine
-
40 parts by weight.
30 parts by measure.
-
-
20 parts by weight.
M
30 parts by measure.
Or I use coal tar in the place of boiled oil and benzole in the place of turpentine
in the following proportions
Metallic resinate
-
30 parts by weight.
Asphalt or pitch
-
10 parts by weight.
Coal tar
da
30 parts by measure.
Oxyde of iron
40 parts by weight.
Benzole
-
40 to 50 parts by measure.
I annlwing inv invention
to
the production of metallic resinate paints for

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The preparation of metallic resinates forined by the combination of the resin
acids of the following gums & resins viz. gum dammara gum elenic, gum mastic
gum sandarach, seed lac, shell lac, stick lac, colophony or common rosin, with any
or all of the following metals viz. aluminium, barium calcium, chromium, cobalt,
copper. iron lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, silver strontium, zine in the
manner and for the purpose herein before described.
2nd. The preparation of any or all of the above described metallic resinates in
combination with boiled or raw linseed oil and turpentine or other suitable solvents,
with or without the addition of the gums & resins generally used in the preparation
of varnishes for preservative & decorative purposes, or the varnishes prepared from
them.
3rd. The preparation of any or all of the above described metallic resinates in
combination with colouring substances, oils and driers for the production of paints
for preservative and decorative purposes.
4th. The preparation of any or all of the above described metallic resinates in
combination with asphaltum, coal tar, pitch, colouring substances boiled oil and suitable
solvents for the production of anticorrosive paints for preventing the corrosion of the
plates of steel and iron ships.
5th. The preparation of any or all of the above described metallic resinates in
combination with cresylic acid, carbolic acid, coal tar creasote beech wood creasote,
colouring substances and suitable solvents for the production of antifouling paints for
preventing the fouling of ships bottoms.
Dated his 23rd day of September 1890).
ROBERT MULLARD.