Fare Checking, Indicating, and Advertising Apparatus for Use in Omnibuses.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th June, 1889-Accepted, 13th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Fare Checking, Indicating, and Advertising Apparatus for Use in
Omnibuses.
I, JOHN HOPE of 14 Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My present Invention has reference to Improvements in apparatus for which I
have obtained Letters Patent No. 14,393 A.D. 1886.
According to my former invention there is provided an apparatus for use in
omnibuses and tramcars which will record the number of passengers carried, the
distance travelled by such passengers and the fares paid by them, the locality at which
passengers entered and left the vehicle, the locality which the vehicle is passing
through, the route of the vehicle, and in passing through such route to exhibit and
change a series of advertisements the apparatus being operated by the guard, or
attondant.
-
The apparatus according to my former invention was constructed and consisted
mainly as follows:-
Of a series, or multiple series of panels containing in rotation the names of the
streets, roads, or localities through which the route of the vehicle lays; of a series of.
discs, wheels, rollers, or endless bands in juxtaposition to the locality panels. These
discs, or equivalent devices being marked with a series of numerals beginning with
zero and corresponding with the number of passengers for which the inside, or outside
of the vehicle is licensed. Where the vehicle is arranged for both inside and outside
passengers, the locality panels and dises are arranged in double series, one being for
the inside and one for the outside passengers, and each set of panels has a double
series of discs one for recording the entry of passengers and the other for recording
the exit of passengers. There is also provided a changing locality panel, the localities
being marked on a roller, endless band, or like device and corresponding in names
and rotation with the names and rotation of the fixed panels. There is also provided
a changing panel being a dial or indicator. by which is registered the collective
number of passengers for any given period. There is also a series of changing panels
which are marked with advertisements, for example of shops in the locality being
passed through, and exhibited, or other advertisements. The entrance and exit enume-
rating discs, the locality panel, the register and the advertising panels are all worked
in connection with each other.
Under my present invention in addition to the parts above set forth I provide apparatus
hereafter described to indicate the number of seats vacant in or on the omnibus or
tramcar. I also provide means for assuring that all the indicating parts shall move
accurately and shall not be interfered with, I work the screw spindle which works the
travelling crosshead and adjusts the position of the pawls which work the locality
numeral discs by means of a ratchet wheel gear consisting of a lever having two
pawls, which pawls gear into and work two ratchet wheels fixed on the same spindle
with their teeth cut in reverse directions so that when one pawl is in gear the spindle
will be moved in one direction, when the lever is worked, and when the other pawl is
in gear the spindle will be moved in the other direction; on the spindle there is a
bevel wheel which gears into and works a bevel wheel on the screw spindle which
works the crosshead, to ensure the accuracy of the gear I provide the spindle of the
ratchet gear with a flat sided cam and a spring lever so that when the spindle is
turned the lever is lifted and by pressing on the cam causes the stroke to be
completed, and thereby the numeral disc pawls properly placed. This ratchet gear is
worked by a rod and bell crank lever gear from the conductors handle box hereafter
described. The changing locality roller is worked by a worm and wheel gear on the
screw spindle.

page_text: The travelling pawls, to work the numeral discs, move on a keyway on their
spindles, said spindles being worked by bevel wheel gear actuated by a lever and
ratchet wheel gear, worked by a rod and bell crank lever gear from the conductors
handle box. Each of these ratchet gears is provided with a flat sided cam and a
spring lever, the function of which is to ensure that each action is quite completed.
I provide two dial apparatus which indicate, one for the inside, and one for the outside,
how many vacant seats there are in or on the tramcar or omnibus. These dial apparatus
consist and are worked as follows:-
Each dial is provided with figures to correspond with the number of persons the
part (inside") or ("outside") is allowed to seat, these figures are exhibited through
a window in a case exposed to view outside the car or omnibus, the figures corre-
sponding to the vacant seats, the mechanism by which the dials are worked consists
of two ratchet wheels with their teeth cut in reverse directions and fixed on the dial
spindle. Their wheels are worked by lever pawls (actuated by rods connected to the
rods which work the pawls of the numeral discs) the normal position of the pawls
being out of gear, so that when a person gets on the car the dial is moved to a
less number and when a person leaves the car the dial is moved back and shows
a higher number, a stop device is provided to ensure the correct working of the
dial, and a gong is also provided to give notice of the change. The dial for the
inside of the car is worked from the inside numeral disc gear, and the dial for
the outside is worked from the outside numeral disc gear.
The changing advertising rollers at the lower part of the apparatus, are under
my present invention worked from the rod which works the travelling crosshead by
means of a ratchet wheel gear which works a bevel wheel gear and through a
train of toothed wheels the several rollers. The rollers are preferably made as show
cases with glass fronts so as to contain samples of goods advertised.
The five rods, namely, the rods which work the in and out numeral discs for the
inside, and the on and off numeral discs for the outside, and the rod which works the
travelling crosshead are all provided with springs for their return action, and are
connected to bell crank levers at the bottom of the apparatus from which levers rods
lead to the conductors handle box, which is constructed as follows:-
It consists of a hollow standard with five bell crank levers at the hottom to which
the respective rods from the apparatus are connected. From the bell crank levers,
rods are led up the standard to three discs having their axes in the head of the
standard which is of circular form and provided with three slots through which
project handles connected to and by which the discs are worked. The centre disc is
connected to and works the crosshead rod, and one side disc works the rods for the
in and out numeral discs for the inside, and the other side disc works the rods for
the on and off numeral discs for the outside, the side discs work on either side of the
centre of their axes namely, on one side they work one rod and on the other side
they work the other rod. To enable the same dise to work the two rods independently
of each other, each rod is made in two lengths which over-lap each other, the two
lengths being connected by sliding stops so that when the disc is moved one way one
rod is inoperative, and when moved the other way the other rod is inoperative thus
one disc works both rods. Each disc is provided with a groove on its face which
receives and travels over pawls having their fulcrums on the inside plate of the
standard head, these pawls are so arranged that by means of a pair of levers separated
by a spring, and cani projections in the said groove; the disc must be moved so as to
complete its stroke before a return action can be given to it. There is also provided
through the head of the standard a locking bolt on the principle of a letter lock, the
end of this bolt is weighted so that in its normal position the bolt locks all the
three dises and the bolt has to be turned to a point indicated on a dial to release
each disc.
The numeral discs are separated from each other by bosses, or ferrules fixed to the
spindles each boss or ferrule being provided with a tooth, there being a corre-
sponding tooth or pawl on the disc wheel so that at the end of the journey by turning
the spindle all the discs can be set at zero. The outside and the inside spindles are

page_text: turned together by means of a parallel motion consisting of a bar and two ratchet
levers which work two ratchet wheels on the spindles.
To check the traincar conductor I provide a way-bill, and it is the duty of the con-
ductor to mark this way-bill from the apparatus, so that at the end of a journey the
amount of cash can be filled in and added up. The way-bill has the following
particulars, the name of route, date, time, conductor, driver, No. of trip, No. of car, a
list of streets or places through which the car passes, a space for filling in the number
of persons getting in, a space for filling in the number of persons getting out and
spaces for rate of charge and money taken, spaces for adding up, making remarks, and
calculations.
Dated this 4th day or September 1000.
JOHN HOPE,
By Cheesbrough & Royston, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Fare Checking, Indicating, and Advertising Apparatus for Use in
Omnibuses.
I, JOHN HOPE, of 14, Water Street, Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My present invention has reference to improvements in apparatus for which I have
obtained Letters Patent No. 14,393 A.D. 1886.
According to my former invention there is provided an apparatus for use in
omnibuses and tramcars, which will record the number of passengers carried, the
distance travelled by such passengers, and the fares paid by them, the locality at
which passengers entered and left the vehicle, the locality which the vehicle is passing
through, the route of the vehicle, and in passing through such route to exhibit and
change a series of advertisements, the apparatus being operated by the guard or
attendant. The apparatus according to iny present invention was constructed and
consisted mainly as follows:-
Of a series or multiple series of panels containing in rotation the names of the
streets, roads or localities through which the route of the vehicle lays; of a series of
discs, wheels, rollers, or endless bands in juxtaposition to the locality panels. These
discs, or equivalent devices being marked with a series of numerals beginning with
zero and corresponding with the number of passengers for which the inside, or outside
of the vehicle is licensed. Where the vehicle is arranged for both inside and outside
passengers, the locality panels and discs are arranged in double series, one being for
the inside and one for the outside passengers, and each set of panels has a double
series of discs, one for recording the entry of passengers and the other for recording
the exit of passengers. There is also provided a changing locality panel, the localities
being marked on a roller, endless band; or like device and corresponding in names and
rotation with the names and rotation of the fixed panels. There is also provided a
changing panel being a dial or indicator by which is registered the collective number
of passengers for any given period. There is also a series of changing panels which
are marked with advertisements, for example, of shops in the locality being passed
through, and exhibited, or other advertisements. The entrance and exit enumerating
discs, the locality panel, the register and the advertising panels are all worked in
connection with each other.
Under my present invention in addition to the parts above set forth I provide
apparatus hereafter described to indicate the number of seats vacant in or on the
omnibus or tramcar. I also provide means for assuring that all the indicating parts
shall move accurately and shall not be interfered with; 1 work the screw spindle
which works the travelling crosshead and adjusts the position of the pawls which work
the locality numeral discs by means of a ratchet wheel gear consisting of a lever
having two pawls, which gear into and work two ratchet wheels fixed on the same

page_text: spindle with their teeth cut in reverse directions so that when one pawl is in gear
the spindle will be moved in one direction, when the lever is worked, and when the
other pawl is in gear the spindle will be moved in the other direction; on the spindle
there is a bevel wheel which gears into and works a bevel wheel on the screw spindle
which works the crosshead, to ensure the accuracy of the gear I provide the
spindle of the ratchet gear with a flat sided cam and a spring lever so that when
the spindle. is turned the lever is lifted and by pressing on the cam causes the stroke
to be completed, and thereby the numeral disc pawls properly placed. This ratchet
gear is worked by a rod and bell crank lever gear from the conductors handle box
hereafter described. The changing locality roller is worked by a worm and wheel
gear on the screw spindle.
The travelling pawls, to work the numeral discs, move on
a keyway on their
spindles, said spindles, being worked by bevel wheel gear actuated by a lever and
ratchet wheel gear worked by a rod and bell crank lever gear from the conductors
handle box. Each of these ratchet gears is provided with a flat sided cam and a
spring lever the function of which is to ensure that each action is quite completed.
I provide two dial apparatus which indicate, one for the inside, and one for the outside,
how many vacant seats there are in or on the tramcar or omnibus. These dial
apparatus consist and are worked as follows:-
:-
Each dial is provided with figures to correspond with the number of persons the
part ("inside") or ("outside") is allowed to seat-these figures are exhibited through
a window in a case exposed to view outside the car or omnibus the figures corre-
sponding to the vacant seats, the mechanism by which the dials are worked consists of
two ratchet wheels with their teeth cut in reverse directions and fixed on the dial
spindle. Their wheels are worked by lever pawls (actuated by rods connected to the
rods which work the pawls of the numeral discs) the normal position of the pawls
being out of gear so that when a person gets on the car the dial is moved to a less
number and when a person leaves the car the dial is moved back and shows a higher
number, a stop device is provided to ensure the correct working of the dial, and a
gong is also provided to give notice of the change. The dial for the inside of the car
is worked from the inside numeral disc gear, and the dial for the outside is worked
from the outside numeral disc gear.
The changing advertising rollers at the lower part of the apparatus, arc, under my
present invention, worked from the rod which works the travelling crosshead by
means of a ratchet wheel gear which works a bevel wheel gear and through a train
of toothed wheels the several rollers. The rollers are preferably made as show cases
with glass fronts so as to contain samples of goods advertised.
The five rods, namely, the rods which work the in and out numeral discs. for the
inside, and the on and off numeral discs for the outside, and the rod which works the
travelling crosshead are all provided with springs for their return action and are
connected to bell crank levers at the bottom of the apparatus from which levers rods
lead to the conductors handle box, which is constructed as follows:-
It consists of a hollow standard with five bell crank levers at the bottom to which
the respective rods from the apparatus are connected. From the bell crank levers,
rods are led up the standard to three discs having their axes in the head of the
standard which is of circular form and provided with three slots through which
project handles connected to and by which the discs are worked. The centre disc is
connected to and works the crosshead rod, and one side disc works the rod for the in
and out numeral discs for the inside, and the other side disc works the rods for the on
and off numeral discs for the outside, the side discs work on either side of the centre
of their axes, namely, on one side they work one rod and on the other side they work
the other rod. To enable the same disc to work the two rods independently of each
other, each rod is made in two lengths which over-lap each other, the two lengths
being connected by sliding stops so that when the disc is moved one way one rod is
inoperative, and when moved the other way the other rod is inoperative, and when
moved the other way the other rod is inoperative; thus one disc works both rods.
Each disc is provided with a groove on its face which receives and travels over pawls

page_text: number of vacant sents in the vehicle is exhibited, and in vehicles where "outside"
seats are provided for passengers a similar device connected with the apparatus is
placed above the roof of the vehicles and exhibits the number of vacant seats
outside.
Referring to the checking and recording mechanism, this consists as follows:-
b, 1, 2, 3, designate four sets of numeral wheels, of which, those of the set
.designated b are used in connection with the checking of passengers entering the
inside of the vehicle, whilst those designated 62 are used in connection with the
checking of "outside" passengers getting on; and those marked b' and 63 are used
respectively in connection with passengers getting out of and getting off the vehicle.
The numeral wheels b, b1, 3, 3 have numerals delineated or otherwise provided upon
their surface, say from 0 to 19, and are all of similar construction. A¹ are wooden bars
spanning between the sides of the apparatus and upon these bars are supported all the
mechanisms of the numeral wheels. To these bars are attached metal bars 3 having
brackets. Beyond the fixture of the bars 3 afforded by the bars A¹ they are
provided at each end with columns °. Borne by the brackets ¹ are spindles on
which the numeral wheels b 61 62 63 are mounted. These wheels are of hollow con-
struction, and are loose on the spindles h. Attached to each numeral wheel is a
toothed wheel 5, and attached to one of the arms of each of said wheels is a pawl 6°.
Each pawl 6 operates in conjunction with a tooth cam n² fixed on the spindle h, and
the toothed wheels 5 operate in conjunction with the toothed wheels hereafter
described. To prevent the numeral wheels from revolving in the reverse direction
to which they are actuated, and to keep them in position when actuated, pawls are
provided and arranged to gear with the teeth of the wheels . These pawls are all
mounted upon a vertical wooden bar 13, which is held in position by supports 1³ formed
on the bars 3. At the side of each set of numeral wheels there is a spindle i, mounted
in bearings on the bars ³ and provided with a longitudinal key-way in which a
feather attached to the wheel slides, and on this spindle the toothed wheels are
mounted and slide. In this way, in whatever position the wheel I may be upon the
shaft, vertically, the said wheels will be rotated when the shafts i revolve. Behind
the numeral wheels and near the bars A¹ there is a crossbar which is provided with
a fixed nut k¹, and on each side with two double armed brackets 3 through both arms
of which the spindles i pass. The wheels are mounted on the spindles i between
these arms, and their positions on the spindles are controlled thereby. Through the
nut ¹ a screw m works, said screw being supported by a footstep formed upon the
lower bar ³ and by being passed through the upper bar h³. At the lower part of
the spindles there are mounted and fixed ratchet wheels 4, and just above these are
mounted, loosely on the shaft, rocking bars 5, provided with pawls 76 gearing with
and adapted to actuate the wheels . The extremities of the bars are connected
together by a coupling bar h, having formed upon it a handle ³. A slot is cut in
the bar A¹ to permit of the coupling bar h and the rocking bars being moved to
and fro laterally... The objects and effects of this mechanism is herein after described.
In order to describe how the mechanisms, and parts just specified as well as those
hereinafter described are operated. I will now set forth the construction of the
mechanism for operating the apparatus and worked by the guard, conductor or
attendant of the vehicle. This mechanism is placed and secured near the door,
platform, or other position most convenient for the operator, whilst the machine itself
is placed at the end of the vehicle or other convenient spot in view of passengers and
attendant, but out of the way of passengers. In this present instance it may be
assumed that the operating mechanism is placed on the footboard near the door and
the apparatus itself secured in line with the passage to the end of the car.
With
reference to Figure 10 7 designates the footboard, and g' is a hollow column mounted
on the footboard and supporting the head of the operating mechanism. This head
consists of a hollow casing made of two end plates q² and an intermediate shield q
the three parts being secured together by. bolts q. The intermediate shield is
provided with two hanging partitions q thus forming the head into three compart-
ments. Through the centre of the head, there runs a spindler on which are mounted

page_text: three wheels s, t, u.
These wheels are provided with handles which are those
operated by the attendant. The two outside wheels sand u have each two distinct
functions, namely, they are each constructed and arranged to actuate one set of
numeral wheels when operated between the vertical-their normal position-and a
certain angle to one side of the vertical plane, whilst, when operated between the
vertical position and a certain angle on the opposite side of the vertical plane they
actuate a different set of numeral dials. For instance assuming the mechanism to be
placed in such a position that the handles and their wheels work in the longitudinal
vertical plane of the car-the formation of the wheels is arranged to operate the
numeral wheels b, that is, the wheels used in connection with passengers entering the
inside of the vehicle, whilst the backward movement of the wheels is arranged to
operate the numeral wheels 6, that is, those used in connection with passengers
getting out. In the same manner the wheel is arranged in its forward movement
to operate the numeral wheels 2 (the wheels for recording the outside passengers
getting on), and in its backward movement the numeral wheels 3 (the wheels for
recording the passengers getting off). The centre wheel t is used to operate the screw m
and thereby the crossbar / and its various parts: it also operates the changing locality
rollers and advertisement rollers d. The movement of this wheel t is only through
about 90 degrees backward of its vertical position. The backward movement of the
wheels is communicated to the actuating device of the numeral wheels 61, by means of
the rod v, bell crank lever v¹, rod 2, bell crank lever e³, and the rod n on the right of
the centre line of the apparatus whilst its forward movements is communicated to
the actuating device of the numeral wheels by a rod and bell crank lever, precisely
similar to the rods and 2 and bell crank lever v¹, but not shown in the drawings,
the rod equivalent to being in this case connected with a bell crank lever n which
is connected with the rod on the extreme right of the apparatus in Figure 1. In
like manner the movement of the wheel is communicated to the actuating devices of
the numeral wheels 2 and 3 by two sets of rods and bell cranks as far as the machine
shown in Figure 1, precisely in a similar way to those just described with reference to
the communication of their movement of the wheels; and at this point-namely the
apparatus shown in Figure 1-the movement is communicated to the actuating
devices of the wheels 2 and 3 by the bell crank n³ and rod n³, and the bell crank v
and rod respectively. The rods which connect the wheels's and u with their bell
cranks at the bottom of the column are connected to the said wheels by pins s¹.
The centre wheel & communicates its movement to the actuating gear of the screw m
by means of a rod g, bell crank g¹, rod g, bell crank g³, rod g.
V
To assure that the requisite movements of the numeral wheels and the integrating
counter wheels e be completed and the sounding of the gong S takes place, that is to
assure against these things being only partially done there is provided in connection
with the wheels s and certain devices, which are hereinafter described, by which the
handles, when once moved with the intention of recording the entrance or exit of a
passenger to or from the vehicle, cannot be brought back to their normal positions so
long as the said operations or any of them, are only partially carried out. This
remark and feature refers also to the wheel t.
When a passenger enters the car (inside) it is the duty of the conductor to record
the
the entrance, and he does this by pressing forward the handle of the wheels;
effect of which is, that the rod n is, through the intermediate gear, pulled down, and
this rod being connected to the end of the lever, having on it the pawl, presses
the ratchet wheel, with which it is engaged-and which is fixed on the shaft -
forward a partial revolution this partial revolution is communicated to the spindle i
by means of the mitre pinions, which being fixed upon the spindles and i, cause
the latter, to make a partial revolution, and the wheel 7 being secured to the spindle i
by means of the sliding feather as above described, will be also rotated a partial
revolution and will nove forward the toothed wheel and the numeral wheel b
connected with it to a distance equivalent to the pitch of the teeth, the pitch of the
teeth being equal the pitch of the numerals delineated on the wheels b; consequently
each time the handle of the wheels is operated one numeral wheel will be partially

page_text: rotated and the periphery of it will be moved through a space equal to the pitch of its
numerals. When an inside passenger gets out the record of it is made by the
conductor pulling back the handle of the wheels, this action will cause the rod n³ to
be raised, and as the numeral wheels bb1, 2, 3 and their actuating mechanisms are
counterparts of one another, the raising of this rod will-as will be evident from the
description.of the action just described with respect to the actuating mechanism of the
wheel cause one of the numeral wheels & to be rotated; and in precisely the same
manner, by the actuation of the wheel u; the rotation of the numeral wheels 62 and 6
may also be effected.
It will be seen that the actuating devices of the rods i are located at the back of
the bars A¹ of the apparatus.
To cause the shafts i and their wheels to be moved the exact portion of a partial
revolution required, and to cause them to stay in the correct position when they have
received the requisite movement, I provide a cam having the same number of
rectilinear peripheral surfaces as there are teeth in the wheels (in this instance four,
see Figures 5 and 6), and I mount this cam upon the shaft i, at the back of the
bar A. On the periphery of the cam I provide a lever j so arranged that it presses
continuously thereon: this is done by keeping one end pulled downwards by a
spring. By this means, when the gain is moved round, the lever j will be raised by
the corner of the cam, but as soon as the corner passes the top. centre of its path of
motion, the spring causes the lever j to press upon the corner-now receding
downwards and thereby hastens the completion of the movement. This completion
takes place when the edges of the cam and the lever take the relative positions shown
in Figure 6.
As previously stated each numeral wheel of the four sets is intended to be used to
record the entrance or exit to or from the vehicle for one particular stage. For
instance in the apparatus illustrated 17 wheels are provided and it may be assumed
that the vehicle employing this machine would pass through that number of stages.
Then in the first stage which is the starting point, the wheels 7 would be set to gear
with and operate the lowest set of toothed wheels of the numeral wheels 61, 62, 63,
and for every following stage the wheels would be set to and gear with the next
toothed wheels and so on throughout the whole set of stages. The simultaneous
elevation of all the wheels is effected in raising the cross bar k, as they being
mounted on the spindles i between the arms of the brackets &³ formed on this cross
bar they must obviously all rise together; then if the screw m be caused to revolve
in the correct direction in the nut k', this nut being fixed to the cross bar k, the bar k
and the wheels will be elevated from one set of wheels 5 to the other or others. In
this manner the wheels may be caused to traverse upwards the planes of the whole
series of toothed wheels b, 1, 62, 63; and if, when the wheels are in gear with the
uppermost set of the wheels 65, the motion of the screw m be reversed, the wheels / may
be caused to make the same journey in the reverse direction. The mechanism by
which the screw m is made to revolve and bark and wheels / made to rise and fall, as
just described, consists as follows:-
At the rear of the upper bar A¹ and worked on a spindle o are fixed two
ratchet wheels o¹; there is also mounted and fixed on this spindle o² a toothed
wheel m¹, and between the inner of the ratchet wheels o¹ and the wheel m¹ there is
mounted loosely on the shaft of a lever m, having provided on it a duplex pawl o.
One toe of this pawl gears with one of the ratchet wheels o' when suspended on one
side of its supporting pin (as shown in Figure 3), whilst when thrown over and
supported on the opposite side of its supporting pin, the other toe would gear with the
other ratchet wheel o'. If when the lever m³ be rocked upon the shaft o², and the
pawl be in the position shown in Figure 3, the shaft o, ratchet wheels o' and
toothed wheel m' would receive a rotative movement in a direction from left to right.
Now if the pawl o be lifted out of this position and thrown over into gear with the
opposite ratchet wheel of, and the pawl lever m again rocked, the shaft o and wheels
fixed thereon would obviously receive rotative motion in the reverse direction, that is,
from right to left. This alternative motion is communicated to the screw m through

page_text: toothed wheel gear consisting of a pinion m² gearing with the wheel m', and mitre
wheels m³, one of which mitre wheels being fixed upon a plain continuation of the
screw rod m, and the other being fixed upon the same shaft as the pinion m² is.
(This shaft is shown in dotted lines in Figures 3 and 4 and designated mº). It has
been previously stated that the centre wheel't of the mechanism shown in Figures 9
to 15, is used to operate the device for changing the position of the wheels which
operate the numeral wheels: this is done by connecting the rod g with the levor m³,
the rod g being in connection with the wheel t as already described.
A device having a similar function to that set forth with reference to Figure 6 is
employed also with the mechanism just described for rotating the screw m. It consists
of a camp fixed upon the shaft m and having one portion of its periphery flat, a
bar pl adapted to ride on the periphery of the cam, two rocking bars p² for supporting
the bar p, and two springs på for keeping the bar p' upon the periphery of the said
cam. The operation of this device is, that when through the revolution of the
pinion m² the cam is being rotated in the direction of the arrow, and when one corner
of the cam has passed the vertical position of its semi-revolution, that is when the
leading corner of the flat portion of this cam is upon its upward travel, then the
flat or straight portion of the cam will be in such a position that the edge of
the bar pl pressing on its periphery, will cause the flat portion to approach the
horizontal, and when it has reached this position it will lie evenly upon the edge
of the bar p¹; but the wheel m² will prior to this position having been taken up,.
have ceased to be rotated by the wheel m² and its driving gear above described,
consequently the completion of the stroke of the cam and the rod m will be
effected by the pressure of the bar p¹ upon the flat portion of the said cam, and
furthermore, the mechanism is held in this position by this same device. In this
manner the exact amount of travel is given to the wheels each time they are
operated vertically, and thus they are caused to be moved with accuracy from one
toothed wheel to another.
The wheels are thrown out of gear with one set of toothed wheels 65 and into
gear with another set when the car leaves one stage of the route and enters
another. To indicate this to the passengers the rollers d'which are provided
with names of the streets or stages passed through-are rotated, and exhibit the
fresh stage entered upon through windows c provided in the front case of the
apparatus. The movement of this roller, d¹, is effected by the rotation of
the screwed rod m, that is by means of the plain continued portion of this rod,
which is provided at its end with a worm (not shown in the drawings) gearing
with the worm wheel m', which is mounted on the shaft of the rollers. It is
therefore obvious that the rollers d¹ will be moved and stopped simultaneously
with the wheels 1, or in other words they will move synchronously therewith.
To exhibit the number of passengers which have entered or left the vehicle,
either inside or outside, windows a³ are provided in the front case of the apparatus,
one widow being provided for each numeral wheel. Between each pair of the
windows, belonging respectively to the wheels b and 6, the name of the stage or
street being passed through by the vehicle, and corresponding with such pair of
wheels, is painted or otherwise provided the spaces designated z in Figure 2 are
those in which the names of the stages are delineated. Thus, as the wheels b
and are those used to record the passengers entering or leaving the inside of
the vehicle, the figures appearing through the windows on the left and right hand
side of each name of a stage are those which denote the number of passengers
which have got in and out, respectively, at or in that stage, and likewise the
numbers appearing through the windows belonging to the wheels 62 and 63
on the left and right hand side of the name of any particular stage, are those
which denote the number of passengers which have got on or off the outside of
the vehicle at or in said stage.
The total number of passengers getting in or upon the vehicle is recorded by an
integrator of any known kind. e designates the numeral wheels of the counter which
are so disposed and delineated that they appear through a window we provided in the

page_text: front of the case of the apparatus (see Figure 2). The wheels e of the counter are
operated through mitre wheels e³, a lever e² (said lever being fixed upon the spindle of
one of the mitre wheels), and rods e, said rods being connected with the end of the
lever e² and with the pawl levers ³ of the actuating mechanism of the numeral wheels b
and by pins e¹.
The ends of the rods which are connected to the lever e² are
provided with long slots, as shown, working upon a pin in the end of the said lever,
and the actuation of this lever e² is therefore made in the active stroke of the pawĺ
levers ³, the return action being effected by the spring e. By this arrangement the
actuating mechanism belonging to the "getting in numeral wheels, that is, the
wheels b, can be operated without causing the actuating mechanism belonging to
the wheels 6 to, be moved, and vice versa.
When the vehicle has arrived at the end of its journey, it is necessary priro to starting
on the return journey to set all the numeral wheels to their zero position, and to
"set" the apparatus, that is the mechanism for operating the screw m. The latter
operation is made by reversing or throwing the pawl o over out of gear with one of
the ratchet wheels of and into gear with the other in the manner already described,
whilst the former operation is done by working to and fro the handle 8, by which
action the pawls ho are operated and the shafts h revolved until the tooth of each
cam n comes in contact with its pawl 6° and forces it back; and as the teeth of the
cams n² are all arranged in line vertically and the numerals of each of the sets of
wheels b, 1, 2, 3 are delineated upon their peripheries at the same point with respect
to the pawls & it is obvious the zero of all will, if the above operation be made, appear
at the windows.
on
To bring the pawl levers to their normal position, springs w¹ are provided in
connection with the rods n n³, n° and which act upon stops w formned on these rods.
With reference to Figuro 1, the rod on the extreme left is pressed downwards by a
spring wits support being the bracket w³, whilst the rod n next it is forced upward
by the spring w whose support is the bottom of the apparatus. The pawl levers
the right hand side of the apparatus are brought back to their centre positions by
springs arranged and acting with the other rods n n in a precisely similar manner.
The pawl lever m is brought back to its normal position by being pushed backwards
by a spring operating upon a stop on the rod y precisely in the same manner as that
just described with reference to the rod on the extreme left of the apparatus. The
prings w also serve to return the handles of the wheels s, t, u to their central or
normal position.
8
I will now describe the device by which the handles of the wheels & and u are
prevented from being brought back prematurely, that is, prior to the complete opera-
tion or movement of the numeral wheels bb³, the sounding of the gong S, and
the complete record being made by the integrating counter. Each wheels and u is
provided with a circular way 82, formed by an outer and inner rib or flange s³, the
outer flange being double the width or depth of the inner. The way terminates on
each side of the centre of the handle by an end piece the inner edge of which
is inclined as shown. The wheels sand. u are placed in position with their
ways facing towards the ends q' of the apparatus, and to the ends q² are
hinged bell crank pawls, one end of which gears with teeth s formed on the
inner side of the outer flange when the handle stands in the position shown in
Figure 11, or at an equal incline on the opposite side of the centre. The other
end works in either of two recesses formed on the opposite sides of a projecting
hump. u formed on the hinged bars u³, said bars being pressed onto the ends of
the bell crank pawls by a spring u³. The operation of this device is as
follows:-
When the handles of the wheels s or u are moved either forward or backwards
to such a distance that one of the pawls & gears with the teeth it cannot in
such a position be moved backwards, but if it be moved still further, the pin s
in the end of the pawl s will come in contact with the inclined. surface of the
end piece and will by this incline be pressed towards the centre of the apparatus
and out of contact with the teeth. By the same action the end of the pawl in

page_text: gear with one of the ends of, the rods 2 will force this rod back and will ride
over the hump ¹, and then fall into the recess on the lower side of this hump.
In this position it will be held, and it will then be possible for the handle to
resume its normal position. In this act however the pawl s will, when its upper
point has passed the last tooth so, be again pressed outwards by the pin s coming
into contact with the inclined parts of the inner flanges. In so doing the end
of the pawl in gear with the bar u² will have resumed its position in the recess
on the upper side of the hump and will be held there. The wheel t is con-
trolled substantially in the same manner as the wheels just described, but of course
is only provided with one pawl and one set of teeth sand it has also this
difference, that instead of being thrown back into gear by an inclines as described
with reference to the wheels s and u, at the return action, the end of the pawl
strikes against a projection 8 and throws it outward, thereby bringing the end of
the pawl in contact with the bar 2 above the hump u', in which position at the
next stroke it will engage with the teeth of the wheel.
To show how many vacant seats inside or outside there are in or on the vehicle,
I provide a dial (such as that shown in dotted lines in Figure 14 and designated Y)
provided at its periphery with suitable numerals and mounted on a shaft operated
by a suitable mechanism. In front of this dial I place a case having a window or
aperture at its upper part exposing one of the numerals (see Figure 1A). The dial to
indicate the number of vacant seats for the inside passengers is mounted upon the
spindle in the upper part of the apparatus (see Figures 1 and 14).
On this same
spindle, but within the case are fixed, first, a ratchet wheel x having its teeth arranged
in one direction next it a star wheel to serve as a stop and brake, and then a second
ratchet wheel having its teeth arranged in an opposite manner to those of the
wheel It will be evident that in order to operate the numeral disc in a proper
manner, it must be moved sometimes in one direction and sometimes in another.
These alternate motions are imparted to it through the wheels a¹, ³, by pawls .*,
which are mounted on the ends of lovers said levers receiving motion from the
pawl levers on the right hand side of the apparatus through various rods and
lovers 26. When the levers are in their normal position both pawls will be out
of gear with the teeth of their respective ratchet wheels, and only when they are
operated, do they come into gear with the wheels and ³; and this of course is every
time a passenger enters or leaves the inside of the car. The vacant seats for outside
passengers are exhibited precisely in the same manner, the dial in this case for these
being shown in Figure 14, as is also the gear for operating it. The pawl levers x of
this device are operated from the pawl levers shown on the left hand side of Figure 1
through various rods and levers 27. The gong S is sounded by a hammer mounted
upon a pin y', this hammer being operated by a tappet y formed upon the end of one
of the lever so and gearing with the pawl y pivotted on the arm of the hammer y.
This hammer mechanism is of a well known construction.
Having so far described the apparatus with reference to the parts thereof provided
for recording and checking passengers entering and leaving the vehicle, I will now
describe the construction and arrangement of the parts employed for displaying
advertisements. The barrels d are provided with the advertisements, which as the
barrels are revolved exhibit such advertisements through windows c¹ seriatim. These
advertisements are so arranged on the barrels d that the thing or person advertised shall
be exposed through the windows c¹ simultaneously with the exposure at the window c
of the street or stage in or near which the advertised person or thing exists.
Thus
assume in "High Street" exists the "Grand Theatre," and that this street is one
through which the vehicle travels; then if this theatre were to be advertised by the
apparatus, it would be so arranged that when the vehicle entered this stage of its
route, and the name High Street" exposed at the window c, the words "The Grand
Theatre" would appear at one or both of the windows c', and as the windows would
preferably have the words "Get off here for" delineated or provided above them the
advertisements when appearing would read, "Get off here for The Grand Theatre."
In the bottom of the machine are provided the advertising rectangular rollers f,
«

page_text: mounted on suitable spindles at each end. The four sides of these rollers are provided
with advertisements of any convenient kind which are exposed seriatim through the
windows The rollers are all geared together by toothed wheels f fixed on their
spindles, and idle" toothed wheels f2; all the wheels being of the same size. The
rollers are operated by the device designated F which is connected to and operated
from the rod g' by a rod f. The device is of exactly the same construction as that
previously set forth for actuating the numeral wheels b, and therefore its detail need
not be further specified, more than than to say, that the movement of the device Fis
first transmitted to one of the "idle" wheels and so to all the rollers f.
.
In order that mistakes may not be easily made by the attendant when operating
the wheels stand u, and to prevent them being tampered or interfered with by others
I provide a bar which passes horizontally through the whole head of the apparatus
(sce, Figure 9), and in each of the wheels s, t and a hole 2 is provided through
which the rod is able to pass. Running into this hole are also provided circular
slots which are of considerably less measurement in width than is the rod, but in
order to allow the wheels s, t and u to be operated, the rod is at the points in the
plane occupied and traversed by the wheels s, t and u, cut away to such an extent that
the cut away portion will fit and move easily in the slots . If however the rod
be so cut at the said point that by turning or placing it at a certain point
radially, one wheel only can be operated, and the others locked, mistakes by the
operator cannot be easily made; and again, if the rod be so cut that by turning it
into such a position that all the wheels will be prevented from being moved, then by
leaving it in this position the wheels st and u will be locked, and the apparatus cannot
be tampered with. The arrangement by which the required handle can be moved, is
by cutting the bar away at the points where they pass through the wheels stu, so as
to leave portions having parallel sides, the plane parallel with such sides and passing
through the centres of the rod being so inclined that they cross each other. To set
the rod at the point required so as to allow one of the three handles to be moved, a
wheel is provided on the end of the bar¹ and is marked with numerals 1. 2. 3.
corresponding respectively with the wheels stand u and there is also provided a
pointer. Then by turning the wheel so that one of the numerals become co-
incident with the pointer the wheel of the operating apparatus, namely one of the
wheels stor u corresponding with that number, will be unlocked and capable of
being operated.
The following arrangement of way-bill which is of the type above specified may be
conveniently used in connection with the apparatus. It gives an instance of a route
in which three stages exist for inside passengers, namely, twopenny, threepenny
and fourpenny fares, and for outside passengers 2 stages, namely twopenny and
threepenny

page_text: Getting on. Outside Passengers.
1643243548
0
Pier Head
Castle Street
Dale Street
Dale Street, Moorfields-
Old Haymarket
Lime Street
London Road (lower)
London Road (upper)
Moss Street
Low Hill
Kensington
Shiel Road
1 I
Outside Passengers.
Pier Head
Castle Street
Dale Street
1 1 1
Dale Street, Moorfields-
Old Haymarket
Lime Street
London Road (lower)
London Road (upper)
Moss Street
Low Hill
Kensington
Shiel Road

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A fare checking apparatus for vehicles comprising a case provided with a series
of numeral wheels by which the number of passengers are recorded and exhibited in
each of the stages passed through separately, a device by which the names of the
streets, or stages passed through are exhibited seriatim, a plurality of rollers d and f
having thereon a series of advertisements, or any combination of such devices, and a
mechanism by which said devices are operated by the guard or attendant of the
vehicle, having a plurality of handles or levers, said levers being connected with the
said parts contained in the frame A; as or substantially as described, and operated as
set forth.
2. The use in combination in a device for operating a fare checking apparatus, of a
mechanism operated by the conductor or attendant of the vehicle provided with wheels
(such as s, t, u,) and a device by which the said wheels are prevented from being
brought back to their normal position, when being operated, prior to the end of their
proper stroke having been reached; as or substantially as set forth.
3. The use in combination with a fare checking apparatus, of a device by which
the number of vacant seats either inside or outside the vehicle are exhibited, said '
device being operated as or substantially as set forth.
4. In apparatus of the type herein described the means substantially as set forth for
receiving the actuating mechanisms of the screw m or its equivalent.
5. Effecting the operation of the screw m by ratchet wheels o¹, pawl o and pawl
lever m³, substantially as set forth.
6. The combination with the shaft ms, of the camp and bar p¹, said bar being kept
upon the periphery of the said cam by springs p³, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
7. In apparatus of the type herein described, the mechanism operating as or sub-
stantially as set forth with reference to Figure 6 of the drawings.
8. The combination with each of the shafts 8 of a cam j', a lever j, and spring,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
9. The combination with the wheels s, t, and u, of the locking bar 2', substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
10. A device for indicating the number of passengers in or on an omnibus, tramear
or the like operating substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 1 and 14 of
the Drawings.
11. The arrangement and combination of parts substantially as set forth with_
reference to Figure 1 of the Drawings.
12. The construction and arrangement of parts, and operation thereof, substantially
as set forth with reference to Figures 3. 4. 5 and 6 of the Drawings.
'

page_text: 13. Apparatus operating and arranged substantially as, set forth with reference to
Figures 9 to 15 of the Drawings for the purposes set forth.
14. In apparatus of the type described with reference to Figures 9 to 15 of the
Drawings the locking device substantially as described with reference to said Figures.
Dated this 4th day of June 1889
JOHN HOPE.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents.