IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO COLD PRODUCING AND TOP MAKING MACHINERY OR APPARATIIS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Kennard Knott, of 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the
County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE
TO COLD PRODUCING AND TOP MAKING MACHINERY OR APPARATIIS”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Kennard Knott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1880.
KENNARD KNOTT, of 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO COLD PRODUCING AND ICE MAKING
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS."
This Invention relates to improvements in that class of machines for producing
cold or for making ice by the compression and expansion of air, the object of the
present improvements being to avoid the waste of the cold produced by the
machine, and when employed for cooling an ordinary air tight non-conducted
refrigerating or ico making chamber, to ensure uniformity of temperature throughout
the said chamber.
In carrying out these improvements when used in cold producing machines in
combination with the refrigerating system described in my former Letters Patent,
bearing date the Eighth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and seventy six,
and numbered 1920; the Twenty first day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy seven, number 3182; and the Twelfth day of May, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine, number 1876, I enclose the atmospheric air
inlet compressing cylinder of the cold producing machine within an air tight non-
conducted chamber communicating by means of a suitable passage or pipe with the
tank in the refrigerating chamber; the cold delivery pipe is also connected with
and delivers into the said tank, whereby the said tank forms part of the machine
itself. By this arrangement it will be evident that the cooled air entering the
tank will, after passing through the same, be conducted back to the compressing
cylinder at a comparatively low temperature to be again used, thus avoiding the
necessity of constantly introducing fresh atmospheric air at a comparatively high
temperature.
For refrigerating ordinary air tight and non-conducted chambers for the making
of ice or otherwise, the cooled air is conveyed into the chamber at one end, and
collected at the opposite end by means of a pipe or passage, and conveyed back.
to the compressing cylinder in a manner similar to that herein before described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Kennard Knott in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th November
1880.
KENNARD KNOTT, of 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO COLD-PRODUCING AND ICE-MAKING
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS."
This Invention relates to improvements in that class of machines for producing
cold or for making ice by the compression and expansion of air, the object of the
present improvements being to avoid the waste of the cold produced by the
machine, and when employed for cooling an ordinary air tight non-conducted
refrigerating or ice making chamber, to ensure uniformity of temperature throughout
the said chamber.
In carrying out these improvements when used in cold producing machines in
combination with the refrigerating system described in my former Letters Patent
bearing date the Eighth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and seventy six,
and numbered 1920; the Twenty first day of August, One-thousand eight hundred
and seventy seven, number 3182; and the Twelfth day of May, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine, number 1876, I enclose the atmospheric air inlet
compressing cylinder of the cold producing machine within an air tight non-
conducted chamber communicating by means of a suitable passage or pipe with
the tank in the refrigerating chamber; the cold delivery pipe is also connected with
and delivers into the said tank, whereby the said tank forms part of the machine
itself. By this arrangement it will be evident that the cooled air entering the
tank will, after passing through the same, be conducted back to the compressing
cylinder at a comparatively low temperature to be again used, thus avoiding the
necessity of constantly introducing fresh atmospheric air at a comparatively high
temperature, and also avoid the air which has been compressed circulating. in the
provision chamber.
For refrigerating ordinary air tight non-conducted chambers for the making of
ice or otherwise, the cooled air is conveyed into the chamber at one end, and
collected at the opposite end by means of a pipe or passage, and conveyed back to
the compressing cylinder in a manner similar to that herein before described:
But to make my Invention better understood I will now proceed to describe the
same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 represents a
plan shewing my improvements applied to four provision chambers for preserving
meat or other perishable articles; Figure 2 is a detached transverse sectional view
of the purifying chamber used for all the provision chambers; Figure 3 is a
perspective view of the tanks I sometimes employ in place of the coil hereinafter
described.
A, A, A, A, shew the provision chambers; B is an air tight and non-conducted
chamber containing a coil B¹ (or a tank or tanks, as hereinafter described), and
which I call a cold supply room, in which by means of these pipes (or tanks)
compressed air circulates. The air enters the coil pipe from the expansion cylinder b,
passes through the coil pipe, returns to the non-conducted air tight air chamber c
to the compression cylinder a, and through the machine, thus making a complete
circuit; E, E, E, are purifying chambers; one of these chambers is shewn in
sectional elevation at Figure 2; F represents a compressed air machine having its
expansion cylinder b connected with one end of the coil pipe B', the other end of
the coil pipe B' being connected with the said air tight and non conducted chamber c,
from which by two connections the compression cylinder a is supplied with air;
H, H, H, H, are exhaust blowers for sending air into the cold supply chamber B, so
that it shall come in contact with the cooling surfaces of the coil pipe B', or the

page_text: cooling surface of the tank or tanks D, Figure 3, when tanks are employed. The
exhaust blowers are supplied with air froin their respective provision chambers, as
hereinafter described, the said air entering the top of the first compartment of the
purifying chamber E (see Figure 2), passes out by the third compartment at the
bottom into the pipe I back to the respective blowers; J is the engine for driving
the air compressing machine and the one or more blowers; is one side of the air
tight chamber or cold supply room B, the bottom of such chamber serving as a
tray for the coil pipe B₁ (or the tank, Figure 3) for catching and carrying off the
condensation by suitable syphon pipes.
From the preceding description it will thus be seen that two distinct and separate
circulations of air are obtained, videlicet, one through the compressed air machine
and coil or coils of pipes, or through the compressed air machine and tank or tanks.
The other circulation of air issues from the exhaust blower or blowers into the
cold supply chamber B (the degree of temperature being regulated by the working
or non-working of the compressed air machine), thence through the pipes 1, 1, 1, 1,
from the top of the partition % of the cold supply chamber B into the provision
chambers A, A, A, A. The exhaust blowers are supplied with air from their
respective provision chambers; the air enters the top of the first compartment of the
purifying chamber E, and out by the third compartment into the pipe I back to the
blowers. By this combination it will be easily understood that no particle of snow
can appear in the provision chambers, as the only snow made will be that arising
from the dampness in the air contained within the circuit compressed by the pipes
or tanks and the compressed air machine; that the dampness in the air circulating
in the provision chambers will be condensed on the cooling surface of the coil B₁,
or the tanks in the cold supply chamber B.; that any degree of temperature can be
obtained, the impurities in the air being absorbed in the purifying chambers, so
that I am thus enabled to obtain a fresh, sweet, and moderately dry cold air in an
air tight and non-conducted provision chamber or chambers, and consequently I
obtain all that is required to keep meat for long periods without waste of weight,
deterioration of quality or condition.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the best means with
which I am acquainted for carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein laid down, as the same
may be varied without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention, but
what I claim is,―
The improvements in or applicable to cold producing and ice making machinery
or apparatus, whereby I obtain two distinct circulations of air in a manner such
that the cold producing agent is prevented from coming in contact or mixing with
the purified moderately dry air circulating in the provision chamber or chambers,
substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described and shewn
in the accompanying Drawing or any mere inodification thereof.
-
In witness whereof, I, the said Kennard Knott, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
KENNARD KNOTT. (L.S.)