Improvements in Machinery for Milling Metals.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 12th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 11th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Milling Metals.
I WILLIAM WILSON HULSE of the Ordsal Works Salford in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The milling spindle is vertical and works in bearings (which are by preference
conical) in a headstock traversible in vertical slides. If the machine is to be used
for profiling the headstock slides may be formed on a carriage which traversible
horizontally along a slide bed having a vertical face. For profiling the surfaces
of propeller blades it is preferred to mount the propeller on a rotatory spindle.
The axis of the spindle may be set on any suitable incline in a plane at right
angles to the face of the slide bed. The spindle is carried in bearings in two
heads secured to a pivotted table, which can be adjusted on its pivot so as to set
the axis of the spindle to the required incline. The pivotted table is secured upon
a horizontal slide worked to and fro automatically upon the base of the machine
at right angles to the traverse of the headstock carriage This automatic move-
ment may sometimes be imparted by means of a connecting rod coupled to the
slide by an adjustable stud, and to a crank pin of adjustable throw secured
to the face of a worm wheel, operated from the driving shaft of the machine
and sometimes the automatic movement of the slide may be produced by
means of a screw and ratchet movement with or without automatic reversing
mechanism. A model propeller of the required form is mounted on the same
spindle with the one to be profiled and the spindle is provided with a worm
wheel by means of which and if a worm gearing into it the spindle can be
rotated by hand as required for setting the work into convenient position. A
"former" working in contact with the model is secured to the milling spindle
headstock. The milling spindle may be driven by a half crossed belt from a long
horizontal drum. The milling spindle headstock can either be moved up and down
by screw or can be set free so as to be moveable by the sliding of the "former"
on the model. For milling the edges of plates of considerable length (as for
example the edges at the seam across the front of a large marine boiler and the
edges of locomotive frames) it is preferred to have the carriage slide bed situated
low down and against one side of a horizontal table on which the work is secured.
The carriage in this case has, mounted upon it, a transverse slide which is provided
with vertical guides along which a slide carrying the milling spindle can be
traversed up and down by means of a screw or other known means. Sometimes
the carriage may be provided with a projecting arm for carrying the transverse
slide. The carriage may be provided with a platform on which the operator can
stand while the carriage is being traversed to and fro and from which he can
control all the movements of the machine and obtain a good view of the action of
the milling tool upon the work.
The milling spindle may be rotated by bevel gear operated from a horizontal
driving shaft situated along the carriage slide bed and provided with a sliding
bevel wheel from which rotation is transmitted to the spindle through intermediate
shafts and wheels either with or without the intervention of a belt and pulleys.
The carriage can be traversed either automatically or by hand, and the automatic
movement is communicated alternatively either through worm gear or through
spur gear according as it is required to traverse the carriage slowly (when the
milling tool is "in cut") or rapidly, when the tool is not cutting.
The change from one method of traversing the carriage to another is effected

page_text: by means of a clutch or clutches. The transverse slide is worked by a screw
operated by hand and sometimes through a worm and worm wheel.
"
The projecting arm on the carriage may be fitted with a horizontal slide
carrying a "former to bear against a model for profiling. In this case the
carriage and transverse slide or either of them can be disengaged from the
respective traverse screws or screw, and are then actuated by weights. Sometimes
the machine may be arranged with the table to which the work is secured standing
vertically, and with the transverse slide or the milling spindle slide, as the case
may be, traversing vertically. In this case the milling spindle will be horizontal.
When it is not required to make provision for profiling, the carriage and
transverse slide for the headstock may be omitted and the table may comprise
longitudinal transverse and rotary slides each operated through one and the same
nest of clutch bevel wheels, which actuate a worm shaft in alternate directions
as required. The worm on this shaft drives a worm wheel mounted on a shaft
which also carries a spur wheel. This spur wheel gears into one on the transverse
slide screw and into another on a shaft which is at right angles to the longitudinal
slide screw and drives a rotating nut on this screw through bevel wheels, the screw
being held stationary. The spur wheel on the transverse slide screw transmits
movement (through a carrier wheel) to a wheel on a worm shaft for actuating
the rotary slide, which is formed with a worm wheel upon it.
The wheels on the worm shaft, the transverse slide screw and the shaft for
actuating the rotating nut on the longitudinal slide screw are each provided with a
friction clutch. All the handles of these friction clutches and also the lever for
shifting the clutch of the nest of bevel wheels are situated at one side of the table;
and the operator can manipulate them all without moving from his place. When
milling tools cutting at the periphery are employed a bearing may be provided
at their lower ends for giving them additional support and thus obtaining a steadier
cutting action.
The bearing may be of the adjustable conical type and may be carried by a stay
moveable up and down in guides in the headstock along with the milling spindle,
and locked firmly to the headstock by bolts when in the required position. The
milling spindle may be operated by a belt driven from a horizontal shaft at the foot
of the machine and passing over guide pulleys. Sometimes the milling spindle may
be situated horizontally mounted in bearings on a headstock carried by two
standards and adjustable thereon vertically. The standards are secured to the bed
of the machine; the weight of the headstock is either partly or wholly counter-
balanced, and the headstock is moveable up and down the standards in guides by
means of fixed screws and rotatory nuts. The end of the milling spindle at which
the cutting tool is secured is supported by a following centre carried in a bracket
secured to and adjustable horizontally along the headstock. The spindle may be
driven through a belt pulley fixed upon it.
The work is secured on a horizontal table traversible longitudinally along the
bed by a screw carrying a clutch worm wheel, and clutch bevel wheel with either
of which, alternatively, a clutch box situated between them can be engaged.
When the worm wheel is in gear with the clutch box a slow feed traverse in one
direction is imparted to the table, and when the bevel wheel is in gear a quick
return traverse is imparted to the table. The table is fitted with adjustable stops
for actuating the clutch box through suitable reversing gear automatically. The
mechanism for traversing the table is driven independently. The bevel wheel on
the table screw can also be operated by hand, and the hand mechanism can be put
in or out of gear by means of a friction clutch.
Dated this 11th day of Fahmiary 1800
H. C. CARVER,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Milling Metals.
I WILLIAM WILSON HULSE of the Ordsal Works Salford in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The milling spindle is vertical and works in bearings (which are by preference
conical) in a headstock traversible in vertical slides. If the machine is to be used
for profiling the headstock slides may be formed on a carriage which is traversible
horizontally along a slide bed having a vertical face. For profiling the surfaces of
propeller blades it is preferred to mount the propeller on a rotatory spindle. The
axis of the spindle may be set on any suitable incline in a plane at right angles to
the face of the slide bed. The spindle is carried in bearings in two heads secured
to a pivotted table which can be adjusted on its pivot so as to set the axis of the
spindle to the required incline. The pivotted table is secured upon a horizontal
slide worked to and fro automatically upon the base of the machine at right angles
to the traverse of the headstock carriage.
This automatic movement may sometimes be imparted by means of a connecting
rod coupled to the slide by an adjustable stud and to a crank pin of adjustable throw
secured to the face of a worm wheel operated from the driving shaft of the machine.
A model propeller of the required form is mounted on the same spindle with the
one to be profiled and the spindle is provided with a worm wheel by means of
which and of a worm gearing into it the spindle can be rotated by hand as required
for setting the work into convenient position. A "former" working in contact
with the model is sccured to the milling spindle headstock.
""
The milling spindle may be driven by a half crossed belt from a long horizontal
drum. The milling spindle headstock can either be moved up and down by screw
or can be set free so as to be moveable by the sliding of the "former
on the
model.
For milling the edges of plates of considerable length (as for example the edges
at the seam across the front of a large marine boiler and the edges of locomotive
frames) it is preferred to have the carriage slide bed situated low down and against
one side of a horizontal table on which the work is secured. The carriage in this
case has mounted upon it a transverse slide which is provided with vertical guides
along which a slide carrying the milling spindle can be traversed up and down by
means of a screw or other known means. Sometimes the carriage may be provided
with a projecting arm for carrying the transverse slide. The carriage may be
provided with a platform on which the operator can stand while the carriage is
being traversed to and fro, and from which he can control all the movements of
the machine and obtain a good view of the action of the milling tool upon the
work.
The milling spindle may be rotated by bevel gear operated from a horizontal
driving shaft situated along the carriage slide bed and provided with a sliding
bevel wheel from which rotation is transmitted to the spindle through intermediate
shafts and wheels either with or without the intervention of a belt and pulleys.
The carriage can be traversed either automatically or by hand and the automatic
movement is communicated alternatively either through worm gear or through
bevel gear according as it is required to traverse the carriage slowly (when the
milling tool is "in cut") or rapidly when the tool is not cutting.
The change from one method of traversing the carriage to another is effected by
means of a clutch or clutches. The transverse slide is worked by a screw operated
by hand and sometimes through a worm and worm wheel.
The transverse slide on the projecting arm may be fitted with a horizontal slide
carrying a "former to bear against a model for profiling. In this case the
"

page_text: •
carriage and transverse slide or either of them can be disengaged from the respective
traverse screws or screw, and are then actuated by weights. Sometimes the
machine may be arranged with the table to which the work is secured standing
vertically and with the transverse slide traversing vertically. In this case the
milling spindle will be horizontal.
When it is not required to make provision for profiling the carriage and transverse
slide for the headstock may be oinitted and the table may comprise longitudinal
transverse and rotary slides each operated through one and the same nest of clutch
bevel wheels which actuate a worm shaft in alternate directions as required. The
worm on this shaft drives a worm wheel mounted on a shaft which also carries a
spur wheel. This spur wheel gears into one on the transverse slide screw and into
another on a shaft which is at right angles to the longitudinal slide screw and
drives a rotating nut on this screw through bevel wheels, the screw being held
stationary. The spur wheel on the transverse slide screw transmits movement
(through a carrier wheel) to a wheel on a worm shaft for actuating the rotary slide
which is formed with a worm wheel upon it.
The wheels on the worm shaft, the transverse slide screw and the shaft for
actuating the rotating nut on the longitudinal slide screw are each provided with a
friction clutch. All the handles of these friction clutches and also the lever for
shifting the clutch of the nest of bevel wheels are situated at one side of the table
and the operator can manipulate them all without moving from his place. When
milling tools cutting at the periphery are employed a bearing may be provided at
their lower ends for giving them additional support and thus obtaining a steadier
cutting action.
The bearing may be of the adjustable conical type and may be carried by a stay
moveable up and down in guides in the headstock along with the milling spindle
and locked firmly to the headstock by bolts when in the required position. The
milling spindle may be operated by a belt driven from a horizontal sbaft at the foot
of the machine and passing over guide pulleys. Sometimes the milling spindle
may be situated horizontally mounted in bearings on a headstock carried by two
standards and adjustable thereon vertically. The standards are secured to the bed
of the machine, the weight of the headstock is either partly or wholly counter-
balanced and the headstock is moveable up and down the standards in guides by
means of fixed screws and rotatory nuts. One end of the spindle on which the
cutting tool is secured is supported by a following centre carried in a bracket
secured to and adjustable horizontally along the headstock. The spindle may be
driven through a belt pulley fixed upon it.
The work is secured on a horizontal table traversible longitudinally along the bed
by a screw carrying a clutch worm wheel and clutch bevel wheel with either of
which alternatively a clutch box situated between them can be engaged. When
the worm wheel is in gear with the clutch box a slow feed traverse in one direction
is imparted to the table and when the bevel wheel is in gear a quick return traverse
is imparted to the table. The table is fitted with adjustable stops for actuating
the clutch box through suitable reversing gear automatically. The mechanism for
traversing the table is driven independently. The bevel wheel on the table screw
can also be operated by hand and the hand mechanism can be put in or out of gear
by means of a friction clutch.
In the accompanying drawings on Sheet 1 Fig. 1. is a front elevation and Fig. 2 a
side elevation of a machine suitable for profiling propeller blades made in accordance
with the present improvements. 1 is a bed stand, 2, 2 are two uprights secured
thereon by bolts and having a cross slide 3 cast in one piece with them. 4 is a
carriage traversible to and fro along the cross slide by means of a screw as shown
and having vertical slides carrying a headstock 5 which can be traversed up and
down by a screw 6 working in a disengageable nut in the headstock. 7 is the
milling spindle carried in conical bearings in the headstock 5, and provided with a
round ended milling cutter as shown. 8 is the propeller to be machined mounted
on a rotatory spindle 9 carried in bearings in two heads 10, 10' secured to a table 11

page_text: pivotted at 12 to a horizontal slide 13. This slide is traversible to and fro auto-
matically upon the top of the bed stand (at right angles to the traverse of the
carriage 4) by means of a connecting rod 14, operated by an adjustable crank pin
on a worm wheel 15, driven by an independent belt through the cone pulley 16 on
a shaft carrying a worm which gears with 15 as shown. The table 11 is raised and
lowered (thus varying the incline of the spindle 9) by rotating a nut 17 on a
screw 18 connected to the table by a joint pin, and the table can be locked in any
desired angular position by the bolts 19, 19 passing through segmental slots in the
table as shown. 20 is a model propeller mounted on the same spindle 9 with the
propeller to be profiled and pressed upon by a "former" 21 secured to the head-
stock 5 which for profiling is disengaged from the screw 6.
A worm wheel 26 secured at one end of spindle 9 and gearing with a worm on a
cross shaft operated by hand serves for moving the spindle round on its axis as may
be required for adjusting the work. The carriage 4 is fed along the cross slide 3 as
required, by hand. 22, 22 are weights placed on the headstock for increasing the
downward pressure on the milling cutter. 23 is a cone driving pulley mounted on
the same shaft with a long drum 24 from which a pulley 25 on the spindle 7 is
rotated by a half crossed belt.
Fig. 2 is a side view showing a method of milling the seating surfaces and
flange edges of bearing brasses on the machine shown in Figs. 1, 2. The table 11
is secured in a horizontal position and on the spindle 9 are mounted a bearing
brass 27 to be operated on and a model 28. Similar parts in Fig. 2* to those in
Figs. 1 and 2 are similarly numbered.
On Sheet 2 of the drawings Fig. 3 is an end elevation and Fig. 4 a front elevation
of a machine constructed in accordance with the present improvements suitably for
milling the edges at the seam across the front plates of large marine boilers and the
edges of locomotive frames and the like. In these drawings 1 is the bed of the
machine forming a tee grooved table to receive the work and having at one side of
it a horizontal longitudinal slide as shown along which traverses a carriage 2 by
means of a screw 3 or weight 4 alternatively. The weight pulls the carriage in one
direction or the other according as it is suspended by the chain through which it
acts over one or other of the chain pulleys 5, 5 at the two ends of the bed
respectively. On the carriage 2 is a projecting arm 6 carrying a transverse slide 7
provided with vertical guides for the milling spindle slide 8, and with horizontal
guides for a slide 9 carrying a "former" 10 for use in profiling work. The trans-
verse slide 7 can be operated either by screw or (for profiling) by a weight 11
suspended by a chain connected to the transverse slide and led over one or two
guide pulleys (according to the direction of traverse required) as shown. 12 is a
platform for the operator on the carriage 2. The milling spindle slide 8 is provided
with a rack into which a pinion 13 gears for moving the slide up & down 14 is a
cone driving pulley keyed on a driving shaft 15 having a long key groove and
extending along the entire length of the machine. From this shaft rotation is
transmitted to the milling spindle through bevel wheels at 16 (one of which slides
on the driving shaft) cross shaft 17, belt pulleys 18, 19, cross shaft 20 and bevel
wheels 21, 22. The screw 3 for traversing the carriage 2 is driven from the
shaft 15 through a train of change wheels as shown. 39 is a handle for throwing a
a nut on the carriage 2 in or out of gear with the screw 3.
Fig. 5 is an end view of a modified machine in which there is no projecting arm
on the carriage 2 as in Figs. 3, 4. Parts corresponding to those in Figs. 3, 4 are
numbered similarly. The guides for the cross slide 7 are arranged in an altered
manner as shown. The milling spindle slide 8 is formed somewhat as a headstock
and is moved up and down by a screw 23. Rotation is transmitted from the
driving shaft 15 to the cross shaft 20 through a diagonal shaft 24 and bevel
wheels 25, 26. The screw 3 for traversing the carriage 2 carries a bevel wheel 27
formed as a nut and gearing with a bevel wheel on a cross shaft 28 mounted in
bearings in the carriage. This cross shaft is actuated either by hand with the
wheel 29 or from the cross shaft 20 through spur wheels driving a shaft 30 as shown.

page_text: Rotation is transmitted from shaft 30 to shaft 28 either through two pairs of
worms and worm wheels 31, 32 and shaft 33, (for imparting feed traverse to the
carriage 2) or through two pairs of bevel wheels 34, 35 and shaft 36 for imparting
a quick traverse to the carriage. In either case clutch mechanism on shaft 28 as
shown completes the connection required; the arrangement being such that the two
systems of automatic traverse mechanism can be put in gear alternatively and that
both systems can be kept out of gear to allow of traversing the carriage by hand.
The driving shaft 15 is actuated through compound spur gearing as indicated by
dotted circles. In the arrangement shown in this figure (Fig. 5) provision is not
made for profiling. 37 is a hand wheel by which the transverse slide 7 is traversed
through a worm on the same shaft with 37 gearing into a worm wheel formed as a
nut and revolving upon a non rotating screw fixed to the transverse slide. Some-
times the machines shown in Figs. 3 4, 5, may be arranged with the side 38 of the
bed resting on the ground. The tee grooved face of the bed will then stand
vertically, the transverse slide 7 will traverse vertically, and the milling spindle
will be horizontal.
Fig. 6 is a front elevation and Fig. 7 a side elevation of a machine in which the
table for the work comprises a longitudinal slide 4, transverse slide 5 and rotary
slide 6 resting on the bed 1. 2 is a standard provided with guides for the spindle
slide 3 which is formed as a headstock having two conical adjustable bearings for
the milling spindle 7, and moveable up and down by rack & pinion. The upper
end of the spindle is carried by a third bearing (with a cap) in a bracket on the
standard as shown, and when the spindle slide 3 is traversed the spindle 7 slides
end wise in this third bearing. The weight of the spindle slide is counterbalanced
by a weight suspended by a chain passing over guide pulleys as shown. The
milling spindle is fitted with a pulley 8 driven from a pulley 9 by a belt passing
over two guide pulleys one of which marked 10 is seen in Fig. 7. The pulley 9 is
mounted on a horizontal driving shaft at the foot of the machine provided with a
cone driving pulley as shown. 11 is a shaft driven in either direction as required
by a nest of clutch bevel wheels 12 operated from the driving shaft through
pulleys 13, 14 and cone pulleys 15, 16. A worm 17 on the shaft 11 drives a worm
wheel 18 on a shaft 19 which also carries a spur wheel 20 gearing into a spur
wheel 21 on the screw of the transverse slide 5. The worm 17 is free to slide
along the shaft 11 on a feather key and the shaft 19 rotates in bearings in the
longitudinal slide. The spur wheel 20 also gears with another spur wheel 22 on a
cross shaft 23 which through a bevel wheel 24 rotates another bevel wheel 25
formed as (or provided with) a nut and mounted in the transverse slide. The nut
works upon a fixed screw 26 and thus traverses the longitudinal slide. The rotary
slide 6 is operated by a worm and worm wheel as shown, the worm being upon a
shaft 27 operated from the spur wheel 21 through a carrier wheel 28 and wheel 29
on the shaft 27. The wheels 21, 22 and 29 are each provided with friction clutches
for putting the shafts or screw on which the wheels are respectively mounted in or
out of action. The operator can manipulate all these friction clutches and the
lever for varying the action of the nest of clutch bevel wheels 12 without moving
from his place. 30 is a bearing which may be used for affording additional support
to milling cutters cutting on the periphery, it is carried by a stay or stem as shown
adjustable vertically in a guide in the standard 2.
Fig. 8 shows a modified arrangement in which the stay or stem of the bearing 30
is adjustable in a guide in the spindle slide 3 so that when this slide is traversed
up and down the bearing traverses with it. In both arrangements of this bearing,
locking screws as shown are provided for securing the stay or stem in position
in its guide.
Fig. 9 is a front elevation and Fig. 10 a side elevation of a modification in which
the worm 17 and worm wheel 18 drive the shaft 11 through a cross shaft and bevel
wheels as indicated instead of being themselves driven by the shaft 11 and the nest
of clutch bevel wheels drives the shaft 19 in either direction as required, the clutch
being free to slide on a feather key along the shaft 11 when the longitudinal slide

page_text: is traversed. The spindle slide 3 is traversed up & down by a screw operated by a
hand worked shaft and spur wheels as shown.
Fig. 11 is a front elevation and Fig. 12 a side elevation of a machine in which
the milling spindle 1 is horizontal and is mounted in a headstock carried by and
adjustable vertically in guides upon two standards 2. 2. The headstock is in two
parts 3, 4, the part 3 being adjustable horizontally along the part 4 for a short
distance, and a locking bolt passing through a slot in 3 as shown being provided
for securing the two parts firmly together after adjustment. The vertical move-
ments of the headstock are effected by two worm wheels 5, 5, formed as nuts and
rotated on two fixed screws 6, 6 by two respective worms on a shaft 7. The
standards 2, 2 are secured to the bed 8 of the machine. The headstock is counter-
balanced by weights acting through levers and connecting links as shown. 9 is a
bracket adjustable horizontally along the headstock and fitted with a centre for
supporting one end of the spindle carrying the milling cutter. Locking bolts
sliding in T grooves in the headstock as shown are provided for securing the
bracket 9 firmly in position. The milling spindle is driven through a belt pulley 10
secured upon it. The work is secured on a T grooved table 11 traversible longi-
tudinally along the bed by a screw 12 carrying a clutch worm wheel 13 and clutch
bevel wheel 14 and having a clutch as shown operated by a lever situated between
and engageable with either of them. The worm wheel 13 and bevel wheel 14 are
driven through respective cross shafts 15, 16 coupled together by spur wheels as
shown. When the clutch is in gear with 13 a slow feed traverse is imparted to the
table and when it is in gear with 14 the table makes a quick return traverse. The
table is provided with adjustable stops acting on a sliding rod 17 as shown for
operating the clutch and thus producing the reversals in the traverse of the table
automatically as required. A friction clutch of usual type is provided in conjunction
with the spur wheel on shaft 16 for putting the wheel in or out of action with the
shaft and thus enabling the shaft to be operated for traversing the table either by
power or by hand as required. The mechanism for traversing the table by power
is operated by an independent driving belt through a cone pulley 18 on shaft 15.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The general arrangement of a milling machine substantially as shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 and described.
2. The general arrangement of a milling machine in combination with apparatus
for milling the surfaces of propeller blades substantially as shown in Figs. 1 and 2
and described.
3. The general arrangement of a milling machine in combination with apparatus
for milling the seating surfaces and flange edges of bearing brasses substantially as
shown in Figs. 1, 2 & 2* and described.
4. The general arrangement of a milling machine substantially as shown in
Figs. 3 and 4 and described.
5. The general arrangement of a milling machine substantially as shown in
Fig. 5 and described.
6. The general arrangement of a milling machine substantially as shown in
Figs. 6 and 7 (with or without the alternative arrangement shown in Fig. 8) and
described.
7. The general arrangement of a milling machine substantially as shown in
Figs. 9 and 10 and described.
8. The general arrangement of a milling machine substantially as shown in
Figs. 11 and 12 and described.
Dated this 11th day of November 1892.