Improvements in Burners for Incandescent Gas Lights.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1897-Accepted, 25th Sept., 1897
WYDDIONAL
Improvements in Burners for Incandescent Gas Lights.
I, LOUIS DENAYROUZE of 70 Boulevard Victor-Hugo, Neuilly, (Seine) France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to burners by which mantles are heated to incandescence.
According to one improvement I provide above the Bunsen burner a tube made
in two parts the one telescopically sliding on the other and fitted with rack and
pinion by which it can be raised and lowered.
By raising the upper part until its stop is at the level or a little above the level of
the top of the blue internal cone of the flame I am enabled to obtain a more intense
heat for the mantle and consequently more brilliant incandescence.
Several burners may be arranged on one frame all the upper tubes being
connected so that they can be raised or lowered by means of a nut upon a central
screw.
According to another improvement I entirely close the gallery which supports the
glass so that the chimney draught is made to draw in the air at the base of the
burner thereby insuring a thorough mixture with the gas in the burner tube.
Sometimes however it is of advantage to give access for a little air to a chamber
formed in the gallery close to the base of the flame where it becomes highly
heated.
According to another improvement I make the chimney above the globe in the
form of a double tube and cause the gas to descend the annular space between the
two tubes so that it becomes highly heated before it reaches the base of the burner
at which point it draws in the air in the usual way. The gas from the annular
passage above mentioned flows by a lateral branch down to a lateral branch of the
burner tube.
Both these branches and the globe which the burner tube supports can be turned
about the aunular gas passage as an axis, so as to give free access to the top of
the globe for removing or replacing the mantle.
Deted this 19th day of Decembar 1806
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
I, LOUIS DENAYROUZE, of 70 Boulevard Victor-Hugo, Neuilly (Seine), France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
In my Specification No. 21371 of 1896 I have described a Bunsen burner for

page_text: incandescent gas lighting, having a cup or shell of semi-ovoid form enclosing what
would be the lower part of the flame up to the level of the top of the central blue
cone which is observed in the flame, this eup being covered by wire gauze; a
thorough mixture of the gas and air is thus obtained, producing an intensely hot flame
above the gauze. My present invention relates to burners constructed on this
principle, as I shall describe referring to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a burner provided with means of regulating the
height of the cup.
The tube T forms a guide for the sliding cup K which widens out from a sloping
shoulder a, and which forms the guide for an upper tube K¹ having the incandescence
mantle M carried over it. The parts K K' can be raised and lowered by pinions p p
carried in bearings projecting from d and gearing respectively with racks cc, of
which c is fixed to the base of the tube T, and c¹ to the upper tube K¹.
Figure 2 is a vertical section and Figure 3 is a plan of a multiple burner of the
kind described, the parts K and K being raised or lowered by nuts n n³, m m' on a
central screwed upright U moving crossheads o' o attached to K and K respectively.
The adjustment of the height of K and K' determines the proper mixture and
velocity of the air and gas supplying the flame.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of a burner in which the chimney draft is utilised to
improve the mixture of air and gas and increase the velocity of its issue. The
chimney glass C is carried on a gallery D which is fixed air tight on the tube B. The
wire gauze t is fixed just above what would be the central blue cone. The chimney
draught causes air to be drawn in by the holes A at the base Z, the mixture with
gas being such as to give great brilliancy of incandescence to the mantle M. The
draught may be increased by adding a metal chimney above the glass C.
Figure 5 shews a modification, according to which a small air chamber E is formed
in the gallery D under a partition e, air being admitted by small obliquely directed
holes. The parts being highly heated by conduction, the hot air issues from the
chamber E by a narrow annular opening s and ascends along the mantle. Although,
in this case, the effect of the draught is somewhat lessened, the light is appreciably
improved by the effect of the hot air.
As will presently be described, the air and gas may be heated by the products of
combustion, and thus by their perfect mixture, and high velocity, by the high
temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the mantle and by the heating of the
gaseous mixture, a very great amount of light may be obtained by a comparatively
small expenditure of gas.
In the vertical section Figure 6 the mantle M is in a glass globe G which is
surmounted by a chimney C having an outer casing F. Gas supplied at o descends
the annular space between C and F and passes by a regulating cock r and pipe g
to the jet Z. Air enters by the funnel h, and mixes with the heated gas in the
chamber K which is of gradually increasing area and is surmounted by the wire
gauze t. The pipe g may have a turning joint P so that the burner, mantle and
globe can be turned aside from under the chimney as shewn in Figure 7, to give
access for cleaning the globe or replacing the mantle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Constructing the cup or shell forming the mixing chamber of an incan-
descence gas burner in two sliding parts adjustable in height in order to determine
the best conditions of intimate mixture, pressure and velocity of the gas
and air.
2. For the purpose referred to in the preceding claim the combination with
the burner of racks and pinions, as in Figure 1, or of a screw and nuts as in
Figures 2 and 3.
3. Supporting the glass or chimney on a closed gallery so that the chimney
draught is utilised for drawing air into the Bunsen tube, effecting intimate

page_text: mixture with the gas, and producing high velocity of issue to the flame,
substantially as described with reference to Figure 4.
4. Forming within the gallery a chamber in which air is heated and from which
the hot air issues in an annular column surrounding the mantle, substantially as
described with reference to Figure 5.
5. Utilising the heat of the products of combustion for heating the combustible
mixture.
6. The construction of burner with means of heating the gas substantially as
described with reference to Figures 6 and 7.
7. The construction of mixing chamber of area gradually increasing up to the
wire gauze, whence the mixture of air and gas issues to form the flame.
Dated this 14th day of July 1897
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.