IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF APPLYING METAL SHEATHING TO COMPOSITE SHIPS WITH IRON FASTENINGS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Day, of Westwood Park, Forest Hill, in
the County of Kent, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF APPLYING METAL SHEATHING TO COMPOSITE SHIPS WITH IRON
FASTENINGS."
Sealed the 18th February 1868, and dated the 4th November 1867.
I, WILLIAM DAY, of Westwood Park, Forest Hill, in the County of Kent,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OF APPLYING METAL SHEATHING TO COMPOSITE SHIPS WITH IRON
FASTENINGS," to be as follows:--
My Invention has for its object the protection of the iron bolts or other iron
fastenings used in fixing the outer wood planking to the inner iron framework,
by applying to such wood planking a sheathing of zinc or other electro-positive
metal in order to combine, when in contact with water or partly so, the

page_text: electro-positive action of the zinc or other suitable metal sheathing to prevent
fouling with the negative condition of the iron bolts and other ironwork,
thereby preventing corrosion. For this purpose instead of using yellow metal
or copper for the sheathing, which metals being electro-negative would produce
a destructive effect on the iron bolts and other ironwork, I employ a sheathing
of electro-positive metal, which I prefer to be zinc. The zinc after being
punched as required is fixed by means of iron screws or nails to the wood
plauking, or strips of half round or other iron are screwed on to secure the
sheets of metal to the wood planking, care being taken to have the sheathing
of zinc or other electro-positive metal in contact with the heads of the iron
bolts or other iron fastenings in order to obtain the required galvanic action of
the two metals.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Day in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
DAY, of Westwood Park, Forest llill, in the County of Kent, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Day, Her special licence that I, the said William Day,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Day, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF APPLYING METAL SHEATHING TO COMPOSITE SHIPS WITH IRON
FASTENINGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Day, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Day, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
My Invention of "Improvements in the Mode of Applying Metal Sheathing
to Composite Ships with Iron Fastenings" has for its object the protection of
the iron bolts or other iron fastenings used in fixing the outer wood planking
to the inner iron framework, and also the protection of the inside ironwork
by applying to such wood planking a sheathing of zinc or other electro-positive
metal, and zinc washers to the iron bolts or fastenings, in order to combine,
when in contact with water or partly so, the electro-positive action of the
zine or other suitable metal sheathing to prevent fouling with the negative
condition of the iron bolts and other ironwork, thereby preventing corrosion.
For this purpose instead of using yellow metal or copper for the sheathing,
which metals being electro-negative would produce a destructive effect on the
iron bolts and other ironwork, I employ a sheathing of electro-positive metal,
which I prefer to be zinc. The zinc after being punched as required is fixed
by means of iron screws or nails to the wood planking, or by means of strips
of half round or other iron, which is screwed or nailed on to secure the sheets
of metal to the wood planking, care being taken to have the sheathing of zinc
or other electro-positive metal in contact with the heads of the iron bolts or
other iron fastenings, in order to obtain the required galvanic action of the two
metals. When the iron bolts or fastenings are inserted in the holes made to
receive them, before screwing the nuts on the ends thereof inside the vessel, a
washer of zinc is put upon each of such iron' bolts or fastenings, which are
afterwards screwed up as usual. By this means a more perfect galvanic
action between the zinc or other electro-positive sheathing-and-the-iron-bolts
or fastenings, and also the ironwork inside the vessel, is secured.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as of
my Invention is, the application to composite ships with iron fastenings of a
sheathing of zinc or other electro-positive metal in such a manner as to bring
the said metal sheathing in contact with the heads of the iron bolts or other
iron fastenings; and also the application of zinc washers to the inner ends of
the iron bolts or fastenings for the purpose of establishing a galvanic connection
of the ironwork inside the vessel with the zinc sheathing, so that when

page_text: immersed in water or partly so the galvanic action of the two metals may
prevent the corrosion of the iron bolts or fastenings, and the fouling of the
sheathing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Day, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Nineteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
G. W. R. WAINWRIGHT,
Staple Inn,
Sol.
WILLIAM DAY. (L.S.)