IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR SEPARATING MIXED SUBSTANCES OR PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Clifton Carver, of Upper Works, Bagillt,
in the County of Flint, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR SEPARATING MIXED SUBSTANCES OR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Clifton Carver
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
the 30th September 1870.
I, HENRY CLIFTON CARVER, of Upper Works, Bagillt, in the County
of Flint, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “ Improve-
MENTS IN MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR SEPARATING MIXED SUBSTANCES OR
MATERIALS OF DIFFERENT SPECIFIC GRAVITIES," to be as follows:-
My Invention is intended more particularly for the separation of the
zinc which may remain in the residue which is obtained from zinc
furnace retorts, but it is also applicable to the separation of ores of lead,
zinc, or copper from spar, and from each other, and also to the separa-

page_text: tion of mixtures of other substances or materials of different specific
gravities.
The mixtures of substances or materials to be operated upon according
to my Invention are first reduced to a granular state if they do not
already exist in that state.
My improved machinery and arrangements consist of a cylinder placed
in an horizontal or inclined position and arranged upon exterior bearings
or friction pulleys so as to be rotated. To the inside of the cylinder a
series of vanes are fixed spirally in the cylinder or in a line parallel to
its axis. At one end of the cylinder a blast or exhaust pipe is fixed to
blow or drawn a strong current of air through the cylinder. If a blast pipe
is used the material is fed to the rotating cylinder at the end opposite the
blast pipe from a hopper or by any other suitable means, there being an
annular space between the blast pipe and the rotating cylinder to allow
of the escape of the heavy material, while the other end of the cylinder
is left as open as possible to allow the lighter matter to be carried away
by the blast. If an exhaust blast is used one end of the rotating cylinder
may be left open to discharge the heavy material and admit the air, and
the exhaust pipe may be connected to the other end of the cylinder,
with a pipe for feeding the mixed materials which may occupy a central
position. The blast or exhaust current of air may be produced by a fan,
pump, steam jet, or other means, and where the material to be operated
upon is in a wet state the blast may be heated.
If required machinery for disintegrating or pulverising the material to
be operated upon may be combined with the above-described separating
machinery, the material from the former passing directly to the latter.
The material before being operated upon and the heavy material not
carried away by the blast may, if required, be screened by ordinary
machinery working in combination with the separating machinery.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 3
filed by the said Henry Clifton Carver in the Great Seal Patent.
Office on the 25th March 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
CLIFTON CARVER, of Upper Works, Bagillt, in the County of Flint,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Clifton Carver, Her special
licence, that I, the said Henry Clifton Carver, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Clifton Carver,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR SEPARATING MIXED SUBSTANCES OR
MATERIALS OF DIFFERENT SPECIFIC GRAVITIES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Henry Clifton Carver, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Clifton Carver, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, and the accompanying Drawings
(that is to say) :—
My Invention is intended more particularly for the separation of the
zinc which may remain in the residue which is obtained from zinc
furnace retorts, but it is applicable to the separation of ores of lead,
zinc, or copper from spar and from each other, and also to the separa-
tion of mixtures of other substances or materials of different specific
gravities.
The mixtures of substances or materials to be operated upon according
to my Invention are first reduced to a granular state if they do not
already exist in that state.
My improved machinery and arrangements consist of a cylinder placed
in an horizontal or inclined position and arranged to rotate upon a
central axis, or upon exterior bearings or friction pulleys. To the inside
of the cylinder a series of vanes are fixed spirally in the cylinder or in a

page_text: line parallel to its axis. At one end of the cylinder a blast or exhaust
pipe is fixed to blow or draw a strong current of air through the
cylinder. If a blast pipe is used the material is fed to the rotating
cylinder at the end opposite the blast pipe from a hopper or by any
other suitable means, there being an annular space between the blast
pipe and the rotating cylinder to allow of the escape of the heavy
material, while the other end of the cylinder is left as open as possible
to allow the lighter matter to be carried away by the blast. If an
exhaust blast is used one end of the rotating cylinder may be left open
entirely to discharge the heavy material and admit the air, and the
exhaust pipe may be connected to the other end of the cylinder with a
pipe for feeding the mixed material which may occupy a central position
in relation to the cylinder. The blast or exhaust current of air may:
be produced by a fan, pump, steam jet, or other means, and where:
the material to be operated upon is in a wet state the blast may be
heated.
If required, machinery for disintegrating or pulverising the material
to be operated upon may be combined with the above-described.
separating machinery, the material from the former passing directly to
the latter.
The material before being operated upon and the heavy material not
carried away by the blast may, if required, be screened by ordinary
machinery working in combination with the separating machinery.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 is an end view illustrating
a machine according to my Invention.
a is a cylinder having arms a¹ in it by which it is carried upon a
shaft 6 placed in suitable bearings c and d. The axis of this shaft (b) is
placed in an inclined position, the inclination depending upon the
specific gravities of the materials and the strength of the blast employed.
In the interior of the cylinder a series of vanes (e) are secured as shewn,
which vanes terminate a little short of each end of the cylinder. At the
lower end of the cylinder a pipe (f) is fixed for the blast, and this pipe
enters the cylinder, but leaves an annular space for the escape of the heavy
material. The mixed material to be operated upon is fed in at the upper
end of the cylinder by a hopper or spout (g); h is the driving belt for
rotating the cylinder in either direction according to the nature of the
material under treatment, the speed of rotation being such as to cause.
the material to be carried to the upper interior side of the cylinder, and

page_text: then allow it to fall to the lower part of the cylinder, it thus being fully
exposed to the action of the blast when falling. The upper bearing (d)
of the shaft (6) may have a cover to protect it from the material carried
away by the blast.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention and
the mode of carrying it into effect, and claim as my Invention, a rotating
cylinder or chamber having interior vanes for separating substances of
different specific gravities by means of a blast, draught, or current
of air, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Clifton Carver, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.