Improvements in Lighting Material and Apparatus.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lighting Material and Apparatus.
1, GEORG SEELIGMANN, Chemist of Friedrich-Wilhelinstrasse No. 16 Berlin, in-
the German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The essential feature of this invention consists in an improvement in objects used
for lighting purposes, in which the flame comes easily in contact with a light
inflammable frame, as for instance in Chinese lanterns.
The essence of this improvement consists in separating the light inflammable
frame or cover from the flame by means of a transparent uninflammable body, so.
that ignition of the frame and danger from an outbreak of fire may be avoided.
In the accompanying drawing, two modifications of the invention are shown :-
Fig. 1 represents the invention as applied to an ordinary Chinese lantern,
Fig. 2 the new lantern in perspective,
Fig. 3 a section along the line A B in Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 the new light in perspective and
Fig. 5 a cross section of the same.
In the lantern a light or lamp 6 is arranged, the flame of which for the purpose.
of greater brilliancy may be as large as necessary. The ignition of the frame a is
prevented by means of a body e, which may be of any transparent uninflammable
substance. In the drawing a cylinder formed of wire gauze is shown.
The object, represented in Fig. 2 and 3, consists of a metal cylinder d, which is.
grated or latticed. Around the bent gratings e is a covering or frame f of tissue.
paper or other transparent substance.
The lower edge of the metal cylinder d has attached to it at g a receptacle f', in
which the new light shown in Fig. 4 and 5 is placed. This receptacle contains a
holder h, suitably made of tin-foil and closed by means of a simple cover i.
In the holder, a semi-solid combustible material is placed. The part of the
wick above the cover is bent, by which means an exceptionally good form is obtained
for the flame.
As will be seen from the foregoing, the new light has neither a solid combustible.
material as in candles nor a liquid material as used for lamps but a semi-solid
substance, of about the consistency of soft-soap. This substance is enclosed in a
holder, the only openings in which are for the admission of the wick. The semi-
solid combustible material consists of a mixture of stearin, paraffin, wax or similar
substance, with a suitable liquid combustible as for example oil.
This combustible material has the advantage over candles in being more inflam-
mable, cheaper and capable of more thorough consumption and over liquid
substances in being more convenient for handling, and for transport, as well as being
cleaner.
A further part of the invention consists in the already mentioned arrangement of
the wick in the form of a bow or kink, by means of which the form of the flame is
improved and the carbonising of the free end of the wick prevented, so as to
preserve the wick itself.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
An

page_text: distinguished by a protecting body cor e formed of some transparent uninflammable
material, and placed between the frame and the flame.
2. A modification of the apparatus mentioned in the first claim, in which the
protecting body is represented by a grated or latticed cylinder e.
3. A light of the nature of a candle, distinguished by a semi-solid combustible
material such as a mixture of stearin, paraffin, wax or the like, with a suitable liquid
combustible such as oil.
4. An improved application, in which the light claimed in Claim 3 is placed in a
case or holder i, enclosed on all sides and provided with apertures for the
introduction of the wick.
5. A modification of the subject-matter of Claim 4, in which the wick k is
arranged with a bend or kink.
6. The combination of the arrangements referred to under Claims 1 and 2 with
the light described in Claims 3, 4 and 5.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1895
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.