Improvements in Pumps for Forcing Air, Liquids, and the like for a Variety of Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps for Forcing Air, Liquids, and the like for a
Variety of Purposes.
WILLIAM FRASER Engineer, 99 Anderton Road Sparkbrook Birmingham and
JOHN GOLDIE CHAPMAN Aerated Water Engineer 91 Church Street Birkenhead
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
This invention relates to improvements in pumps for raising, forcing, & throwing
water liquids & air for various purposes.
The improvements are particularly applicable to William Fraser's Patent
No. 12,28987 which is still in force.
By referring to the said Patent it will be observed that the air chamber of the
pump is there made part & parcel of the barrel of the pump. It will also be
observed from the description & drawings that the capacity of the air chamber is
very limited & that it is entirely below the centre of the pump barrel.
The first part of this invention therefore consists in having the air chamber
separate from the pump barrel & placed where the upright lever bracket is, thereby
making it serve the double purpose of lever bracket & air chamber combined.
In constructing the same, we prefer to use a piece of hollow tube of sufficient
size & dimensions, fitted on the top or uppermost end with a suitable bracket or
socket for receiving the end of the lever to work in, the bottom end being simply
sealed up.
The said tube or air chamber is connected by means of a suitable
coupling to the pump whereby the water has access to the air chamber-the egress
for the water being at the bottom end to enable the chamber to empty itself by
force of gravity.
The second part of the said improvements relates to the raising up of the stand
i.e. the part that the pump barrel & air chamber are attached to-by raising this
part of the stand sufficiently high to secure both the pump & the air chamber
about two thirds of their length up from the base or stand, so that the pump & air
chamber are securely held in position & cannot move in any way when the lever of
the pump is in motion.
Another improvement relates to the steadying & better working of the foot
stirrup by having guide rods attached to the stand or frame work of the pump-
for the purpose of guiding the stirrup & preventing it from moving in any
other direction than up & down.
Various improvements are also effected in the plunger of the pump particularly
the the construction of the valves & the arrangement of same, and also the method
of manufacture for the purpose of reducing the cost of production.
It is obvious that the apparatus can be made in various forms for a variety of
purposes-for example, the pump can be applied for forcing liquids of any kind, or
air for the purpose of obtaining & distributing intermediate power for the locomotion
of vehicles of various kinds.
The said pump can be used by butchers for injecting air into dead meat.
It can be worked by hand or foot or both as circumstances may require.
Dated 15th day of June 1892.
WILLIAM FRASER.
JOHN GOLDIE CHAPMAN.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps for Forcing Air, Liquids, and the like for a
Variety of Purposes.
We, WILLIAM FRASER, of 99 Anderton Road, Sparkbrook, Birmingham,
Engineer, and JOHN GOLDIE CHAPMAN, of 91, Church Street, Birkenhead, in the
County of Chester, Aerated Water Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in pumps for raising, forcing, and
throwing water or other liquids, or air, for various purposes.
The improvements refer more particularly to pumps of the type described in
the Specification of the Letters Patent granted to William Fraser, No. 12,289
of 1887.
By referring to the said Patent it will be observed that the air chamber of the
pump is there made part and parcel of the barrel of the pump. It will also be
observed from the description and drawings that the capacity of the air chamber
is very limited and that it is entirely below the centre of the pump barrel.
Now the first part of this invention consists in having the air chamber separate
from the pump barrel and placed where the upright lever bracket is, thereby
making it serve the double purpose of lever bracket and air chamber combined.
In constructing the same, we prefer to use a piece of hollow tube of sufficient
size and dimensions, fitted on the top or uppermost end with a suitable bracket or
socket for receiving the end of the lever to work in, the bottom end being simply
sealed up. The said tube or air chamber is connected by means of a suitable
coupling to the pump, whereby the water has access to that is passes to, the air
chamber, the egress for the water being at the bottom to enable the chamber to
empty itself by the force of gravity.
The second part of the said improvements relates to the raising up of the
stand i.e. the part the pump barrel and air chamber are attached to-by making
it sufficiently high to secure both the pump and the air chamber about two thirds
of their length up from the base or stand; so that the pump and air chamber are
securely held in position and cannot move in any way when the lever of the pump
is in motion.
Another improvement relates to the steadying and better working of the foot
stirrup by having guide rods attached to the stand or frame work of the pump for
the purpose of guiding the stirrup and preventing it from moving in any other
direction than up and down.
Various improvements are also effected in the plunger of the pump, particularly
the construction of the valves and the arrangement of same.
any
It is obvious that the apparatus can be made in various forms for a variety of
purposes. For example, the pump can be applied for forcing liquids of
kind or
air for the purpose of distributing and using such air as a motor power, for the
locomotion of vehicles of various kinds, and other purposes. The pump can be used
by butchers for injecting air into dead meat.
In some cases it may, if desired, be adapted to be worked by hand instead of by
foot, or both, as circumstances may require.
In the drawings which illustrate this invention,
Figure 1 is an elevation shewing the pump and air vessel in section ;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the stirrup;
Figure 3 is a cross section of the pump plunger at A B Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a section through the pump barrel, shewing the plunger on top; and
Figure 5 is a detail of one of the plunger valves.

page_text: In these drawings, a is the pump barrel, which is provided at the bottom with a
screwed cap a', and at the top with a stuffing box and gland a². b is the plunger
which works in the barrel a, and is divided off internally into two compartments, c
and d, by the partition d'. The compartment or space chas in its side a longitudinal
aperture or port c², a part of which is at all times opposite the inlet pipe, while the
compartment & has a similar opening or port d² in its side, a part of which is at all:
times opposite the outlet pipe. 3 and care inlet valves having conical faces, and
are of the lift type, the seats, c, of which are movable and screw into the metal of
the plunger b. d³, d' are the delivery valves, and are of the same type as the inlet
valves, and work in seats d³, and both inlet and discharge valves are respectively
provided with a pin e and de, by which the limit of their movement is controlled,.
and they are prevented from falling out of their seats. The valves c³ and c admit
water into the top and bottom of the cylinder or barrel a as the plunger moves away.
from either end, by way of the chamber c, water to which is introduced through
the inlet or coupling f; whilst it is discharged from the pump through the valves d³, d
into the discharge pipe e through the chamber d, as the plunger moves towards
either end of the barrel.
is the plunger or pump rod, and g¹ is a cupped washer, which is held to the top.
of the rod g by the nut g', which has a roller g thereon. h is the spring, one end
of which presses on the underside of the washer g', whilst its opposite end rests on:
and is supported by the flange at of the pump barrel a.
k is the air vessel, and I is the entablature or base upon which the pump barrel a
and the air vessel k are supported, they being fixed thereto and supported thereon
by flanges a and A', respectively, which are bolted to said entablature. The air
vessel, as will be seen, is connected at its lower part to a discharge pipe e by a
coupling e, and the water from e is carried down to the bottom of the air vessel by
the internal pipe m. The upper part of the air vessel k is carried well up as shewn
and the upper part also forms a support and bearing for the operating lever i
which is fulcrummed thereto at 2. In action, water will stand in the lower part of
the vessel k and air will exist in the upper part, the discharge of water taking
place at the lower part of the vessel k by the outlet conduit or coupling k².
jis the stirrup by which the pump is worked by the foot. It is connected to the
end of the actuating lever i by the link j', and is guided by the standards or vertical
supports fixed upon the base plate l, one part of the standard passing through.
foot-plate of the stirrup as shewn.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
:-
The downstroke of the pump lever i and pump-plunger bis effected by placing
the foot upon the stirrup plate), and pressing it down; whilst the return stroke is.
effected by the spring . By these movements of course the plunger is alternately
pushed down by the foot, and pulled up by the spring; and in so doing, water is
alternately drawn into the upper and lower ends of the pump barrel a by way of
the inlet, compartment c, and valves c³ and c; and in the return strokes, after
such indrawing, it is forced out of the ends of the pump past the valves d³ and d*,.
and through the compartment d and discharge pipe e. From this discharge pipe e it
is forced through the pipe m into the bottom of the air vessel k from whence it is
discharged by the air therein in a regular or even stream by the outlet pipe k²..
This air thus serves as an elastic cushion in the ordinary way, and causes a
practically uniform discharge of liquid from the outlet pipe 2, to which an india-
rubber or other suitable hose for conveying the liquid, will be attached. A similar
hose will also be connected to a source of supply to the inlet coupling f. The
operator may thus with his foot work the pump, while his hands are free to hold
the hose and direct the stream, which, by the double action of the pump, and the
action of the air vessel arranged as described, is both uniform and continuous.
The above sets forth and illustrates improvements according to this invention,
but it is to be understood that these improvements are not strictly confined to the
particular form of the parts shewn in the drawing.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ―
1. A pump comprising a pump barrel and a plunger working therein; an air
vessel separate therefrom but connected therewith; and a lever mounted upon said
air vessel and adapted to work the plunger of said pump; substantially as herein
set forth.
2. A pump having an upright cylinder or barrel and a plunger working therein;
and a foot lever i and stirrupj; and an upright guide or guides ; by which said
stirrup is guided; substantially as set forth with reference to the drawings.
3. A pump having an upright cylinder or barrel a with inlet and outlet pipes or
conduits; and a plunger b working up and down therein, divided into two chambers c
and d, and with openings c and d therein, and valves c³ c', and d³ d of the kind
specified working onto and off the seats in said plunger ends; as set forth with
reference to the drawing.
4. The pump having its parts arranged and combined and adapted to operate as
set forth and shewn in the drawings.
P
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.