Improvements in Machines for Cutting Fustians and Velvets.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1396-Accepted, 25th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting Fustians and Velvets.
I, HERBERT FORD-SMITH of Hadfield Street Works, Cornbrook, in the City
of Manchester and in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improved combinations of mechanism for moving the
cloth to and fro while its cords are being cut and consists of two drum like cages,
each formed by two end discs, with cross bars near their peripheries uniting the
end discs.
These end discs are also upon a shaft and outside the discs on each side, there
are cylindrical surfaces forming the journals or bearings upon which each drum
cage rotates.
These drum cages have their bearings on a suitable framing.
The drum cages are each rotated by a bevel wheel on a horizontal shaft in
suitable bearings, which bevel wheel gears with a bevel wheel secured upon the
end disc of the drum cage.
The horizontal shaft for each drum cage has one fast pulley and two loose
pulleys for the driving belt and one or both of these loose pulleys is formed by a
pulley secured on the shaft which has a loose hoop upon so as to give more
retarding friction when the belt is working upon it.
Each driving belt shaft has a worm upon it that gears with a worm wheel on a
stud in the framing.
The horizontal axes of the two drum cages are parallel to each other with a
space between the drum cages. The belt guide for both driving belts (one for
each drum cage) is mounted on a lever on a stud in the framing at each end of the
machine, so that when the belt guide moves one way (in the lengthway of the rod)
the belt working on the fast pulley for driving one drum cage is upon one of the
loose pulleys for the other cage, and when moved from the fast pulley to the
middle pulley (which is loose) the other driving belt for the other drum cage is
moved to the corresponding loose pulley for the other drum cage, and when the
belt for the latter is moved to the fast pulley the belt for the other drum cage is
moved to the outside loose pulley.
The machine is stopped automatically when all the cloth is unwound to its full
extent from one drum cage on to the other drum cage by a finger adjustable on the
worm wheel above referred to which comes against a pin or projection from the
lever carrying the belt guide rod.
There is a stop finger on each worm wheel, one acts for one drum cage and
the other for the other drum cage.
This or another stop finger on the worm wheel acts or may act to bring a brake
in operation to arrest the momentum of the dium cages at the point required.
One end of the cloth to be operated upon is attached to one of the bars of each
drum cage and it is wound upon one cage and then is unwound from this cage
while it is passing to the other cage and its cord is being cut by the ordinary
knife resting on a suitable support, placed across the cloth, the cloth in passing
from one drum cage to the other going over guiding and supporting rollers in
suitable bearings on the framing which keep the cloth flat and level at the point
where. the cutting knife operates

page_text: The cloth to be cut in some cases may be wound on a drum on the axle of each
drum cage and may be passed from this drum over one of the bars of the drum
cage to one of the bars on the other drum cage and then to the drum in that
drum cage.
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of September 1895.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting Fustians and Velvets.
I, HERBERT FORD-SMITH of Hadfield Street Works, Cornbrook, in the City
of Manchester, and in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
My invention relates to improved combinations of mechanism for moving the
cloth to and fro while its cords are being cut and consists of two drum like cages,
each formed by two end discs, with cross bars near their peripheries uniting the
end discs.
These end discs are also upon a shaft and outside the discs on each side, there
are cylindrical surfaces forming the journals or bearings upon which each drum
cage rotates.
These drum cages have their bearings on a suitable framing.
The drum cages are each rotated by a bevel wheel on a horizontal shaft in
suitable bearings, which bevel wheel gears with a bevel wheel secured upon the
end disc of the drum cage or its shaft.
The horizontal shaft for each drum cage has one fast pulley and two loose
pulleys for the driving belt and one or both of these loose pulleys is formed by a
pulley secured on the shaft which has a loose hoop upon it so as to give more
retarding friction when the belt is working upon it.
Each driving belt shaft has a worm upon it that gears with a worm wheel on a
stud in the framing.
The horizontal axes of the two drum cages are parallel to each other with a
space between the drum cages. The belt guide for both driving belts (one for
each drum cage) is mounted on a lever on a stud in the framing at each end of the
machine, so that when the belt guide moves one way (in the lengthway of the rod)
the belt working on the fast pulley for driving one drum cage is upon one of the
loose pulleys for the other cage, and when moved from the fast pulley to the
middle pulley (which is loose) the other driving belt for the other drum cage is
moved to the corresponding loose pulley for the other drum cage, and when the
belt for the latter is moved to the fast pulley the belt for the other drum cage is
moved to the outside loose pulley.
+
The machine is stopped automatically when all the cloth is unwound to its full.
extent from one drum cage on to the other drum cage, by a finger adjustable on
the worm wheel above referred to which comes against a pin or projection from the
lever carrying the belt guide rod.
There is a stop finger on each worm wheel, one acts for oue drum cage and the;
other for the other drum cage.
This or another stop finger on the worm wheel acts or may act to bring a
brake in operation to arrest the momentum of the drum cages at the point
required.
One end of the cloth to be operated upon is attached to one of the.bars of each
drum cage and it is wound upon one cage and then is unwound from this cage

page_text: while it is passing to the other cage and its cord is being cut by the ordinary knife
resting on a suitable support, placed across the, cloth, the cloth in passing from
one drum cage to the other, going over guiding and supporting rollers in suitable
bearings on the framing which keep the cloth flat and level at the point where the
cutting knife operates.
The cloth to be cut in some cases may be wound on a drum on the axle. of each
drum cage and may be passed from this drum over one of the bars of the drum
cage to one of the bars on the other drum cage and then to the drum in that
drum cage.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation, and
Fig. 2, is a plan view partly in section illustrating.my, invention.
a, side frames, connected together by suitable cross stays or framing.
b, one, b, the other drum cage.
Each drum cage is formed by two end discs or rings 63, on arms each pair of
discs or rings being secured upon a horizontal shaft 63.
The rings or discs have bars 6, extending between and secured to them at
intervals.
The central part of the outside ends of each disc 6, is formed with a cylindrical
surface 6, of large diameter (to give retarding friction) which surfaces form the
bearings of the drum cages which bearings rest upon pedestals a', or prepared
receptacles on the side frames a.
There is a shoulder on each bearing that comes against the side of the
pedestal for it which prevents lateral movement in the drum cages (see the right
end of Fig. 2).
On one end of the shaft 3, of each drum cage, a bevel wheel c, is secured, which
gears with a smaller bevel wheel c¹, secured upon a horizontal shaft d, having its
bearings in a bracket a³, secured to the side frames a.
On this shaft d, within the bearings, a broad pulley d', is secured, or there may
be one fast pulley and two loose ones.
This broad pulley d¹, is formed to receive a broad hoop d, to come at one end
against a shoulder, and is kept in position on the broad pulley by a flanged
ring de, secured to the broad pulley d, by screws as shown on the right side of
Fig. 2.
This broad hoop d³, runs loose on the broad pulley d', and acts or may act for
both separate and loose pulleys mentioned in my Provisional Specification.
The shaft d, has a worm d', secured upon its inner end that gears with a worm
wheel do, on a stud d', secured in the side framing.
This worm wheel d, is or may be on one end of a long boss having a disc d',
upon or secured to its other end."
This disc is for the stop finger do, which is or may be made adjustable upon it,
for acting upon the arm or projection e', from the lever or arm e, carrying one
end of the belt guide rod e, which lever is upon a stud e³, secured in the side
frame.
The upper end of the lever e, is jointed to, and carries the belt guide rod e.
There is a similar arrangement of shaft d, pulleys d' and d, wheels c and c¹, and
lever e, for the belt guide rod e, for each drum cage b and b¹.
The belt guide e, is secured to the rod e, at each end and there is or may be a
handle e, from the belt guide casting, at each end, and a lever in the middle as
hereinafter explained.
The cloth, the cords of which have to be cut is secured to one of the bars 64;
on each drum cage and passes from, one drum cage, b, over. supporting rollers f
and f, in bearings on stands or brackets a³, from the side frames to the other.drum
cage, so that when at, work cutting, the cloth unwinds from one drum cage b and
winds on to the other cage , and when it comes to an end on one drum cage b, it
is wound back again to it from the other drum cage b².
The cords are cut when the cloth is passing say from the drum cage b, to
the drum cage 6, in the direction pointed by the arrow on Fig. 1, and when being

page_text: 1
cut the operator rests the knife holder w, on a cross stay a', extending between and
secured to the stands a³, as shown in Fig. 1.
Both belts for driving the drum cages, the one in one, the other in the other
direction work upon the broad pulleys d', which they rotate in the same direction,
but by means of the bevel wheels c and c', the belt that is acting to drive or rotate
one drum cage rotates it in the opposite direction to that which the other belt
when driving would rotate its drum cage.
In Figs. 1 and 2, the belt for driving the drum cage b', is upon the inner end
of the broad palley d', forming the fast pulley for that drum cage, the belt for the
other drum cage b, is on the outside end of the loose hoop d, which runs 'free on
the broad pulley d¹.
When the druni cage b', is driven, the cloth is wound upon it, and the cloth
extending between the two drum cages rotates the other drum cage b, and thus its
broad pulley d, but in an opposite direction to that in which it would be driven by
the belt working upon the loose hoop consequently the friction of the driven
hoop d, in a reverse direction and rotating on the pulley d', and that of the cages
in their bearings, exerts a retarding action upon the drum cage b, and thus keeps
the cloth tight while being operated upon by the cutting knife.
When the cloth a, has come to the end of the cut, the adjustable finger d³, on the
the disc d', on the driving side comes against the projection or arm e', from the
lever e, at that end carrying the belt guide rod et, and noves it to bring the belt
on the central part of the broad pulley d', that is to say, upon the inner edge of
the loose hoop d'.
The belt for the other drum cage b, which was upon the outer edge of its loose
hoop d, is brought upon the inner edge of its loose hoop d³, and the machine
stops then by moving the belt guide rod e, in the same direction it was moved
when stopped, another step, the belt which was last the driver is moved on to the
outer edge of the loose hoop d, and the other belt for the other drum cage is
moved on to the outer edge of the broad pulley d', and this belt then becomes the
driver, and the drum cages b and b', are then rotated in the reverse direction to
wind the cloth back from the drum b³, to the drum b, and when the cloth a, comes
to an end, the finger de, on the disc for this drum cage b, acts as before explained
to traverse the belts to the central position on both broad pulleys, that is on to
the inner part of both loose hoops d.
It will be noted that when one finger d³, acts to move the belt guide rod e, one
way and the machine stops, the arm e', acted upon by the finger e, is moved
further away from it, when the belt guide is moved to reverse the direction of the
rotation of the drum cages, and the fingers da, on both discs, then also begin to
move in the reverse direction.
The fingers d, move in one direction towards the arm e', to be acted upon to
stop the machiue, and then in the opposite direction when the machine is reversed
so that thus the fingers d³, merely oscillate to and fro more or less according to the
length of the piece being cut.
It will be noted that one arm e¹, for the drum cage b, is shown in Fig. 1, in a
reverse position to that for the drum cage 61, but their positions are reversed, so
that these arms e', are always in the position of that as shown in Fig. 1,
for the druin cage 61, when the finger de, is about to act upon it to stop the
machine.
Instead of one broad hoop d, on the pulley d¹, for the drum cage b', the hoop
may only be on the middle portion and outer pulley may be an ordinary pulley
loose on the shaft d, which arrangement will reduce the retarding friction when
the cloth is wound back from the drum cage b', to the drum cage b.
I
There is or may be an intermediate handle or lever for moving the belt guide
rode, to and fro, and if a lever g, is used about the middle of the machine it may
be on a shaft g', extending across the machine and having its bearings on the two
standards a³, so that by a lever handle y, at the outside of each end of this shaft,
the machine may be actuated from either side as one of the lever handles is

page_text: connected by a pin 92, with the rod e.
side of the machine convenient for the
guiding the cutting knife.
There is or may be a platform on either
operator to stand upon when holding and
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination and arrangement of two drum cages or their equivalents
arranged in frictional bearings and driven by mechanism substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. Constructing the drums by rings or discs and bars and with bearings of large
diameter, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated
by the drawings.
r
3. The use of loose hoops for the driving belts to work upon when not driving
the drum cages or their equivalents also driving the drum cages or their equivalents
by bevel wheels, and also the use of a worm and worm wheel and connected
mechanism to traverse the belts to stop the machine substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Eighteenth day of June 1896.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.