Improvements in Wall-bracket and similar Fixed or Partially fixed Lamps or Stoves, and in the Method or Means of Supplying Oil to the same.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Feb., 1889
Improvements in Wall-bracket and similar Fixed or Partially fixed
Lamps or Stoves, and in the Method or Means of Supplying Oil
to the same.
I, ARCHIBALD HART, of Newtown of Pitcairns, Dunning, in the County of Perth,
North Britain, Minister of the Gospel, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This Invention is more especially applicable to Wall-Bracket Lamps and has for its
object to facilitate the oil filling operation, to enable the Lamp to burn for a much
longer period with one supply of oil than is possible with the ordinary Lamps at
present in use and to obtain other advantages.
In accordance with my Invention I employ an Oil Tank separate from the burner
and I locate the said Tank upon the shelf of a Wall press, or other suitable place, and
I conduct the flow of oil to the burner by a small tube the projection of which from
the wall, is or may be, supported by a bracket, after the style of a gas bracket
for example.
.
The burner is provided with a small oil vessel sufficient to hold the cotton wicks and
also the necessary amount of oil to keep the wicks always immersed in the same depth
of oil by means of which the flame is always maintained at the same strength.
The same level of oil within the burner vessel is maintained by locating the oil Tank
upon the same level and for this purpose and to enable a considerable quantity of Oil
to form the reservoir the Tank must be of considerable superficial area but shallow in
depth, the depth corresponding with the required depth of oil in the small oil vessel of
the burner.
In the case of utilising the shelf of a wall press, the oil supplying tube will preferably
be bent right-angular but my improved arrangements are capable of being employed
with burners other than those carried by a Wall-Bracket, for example the burner may
be suspended or the burner may be provided with a flexible or jointed oil supply pipo
to enable its position to be shifted as desired.

page_text: In all cases however an immovable oil reservoir being provided, the same may be
always under lock and key to prevent any accident happening to the said supply and
no filling of oil being required at the burner the same is always kept clean and not
subject to the usual handling required in the ordinary oil filling operation.
The herein before described arrangements may be applied to the lighting of several
rooms by branch pipes from a main oil Cistern and the arrangements may also be
applied to oil Lamps or Stoves for heating purposes.
15

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wall Bracket and similar Fixed or Partially Fixed
Lamps or Stoves, and in the Method or Means of Supplying Oil
to the same.
I, ARCHIBALD HART, of Dean Cottage, Newtown of Pitcairns, Dunning, in the
County of Perth, North Britain, Minister of the Gospel, do hereby declaro the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
。
This Invention is more especially applicable to wall brackets lamps, and has for its
objects to facilitate the oil filling supplying and feeding operations, to enable the lamp
to burn for a much longer period with one supply of oil than is possible with the
ordinary lamps at present in use; and to obtain other advantages.
In accordance with my said invention I employ an oil tank or fount, separate from
the lamp or burner, and which may be located inside a wallpress, resting upon one of
the shelves, or in any other saitable place, either concealed, covered, or not as preferred;
and I conduct the flow of the oil to the burner from the said fount or tank by means
of a small tube, the projection of which from the wall to the burner is, or may be
supported by a bracket, after the style of an ordinary gas bracket, the said bracket
being fixed in any convenient position to the wall or fastened to the architrave of the
press and wall; by which method the minimum damage is done to the said wall &c.;
as all that is necessary is a small hole bored through for the tube, and at the same
time it may be easily put up or taken down.
The burner is provided with a small oil vessel, sufficient to hold the wicks to be
always immersed in the same depth of oil in the wick-container or oil vessel as
obtains in the fount or Tank; the same equality of depth being maintained by locating
the oil Tank upon the same level or it may be one eighth of an inch above that of the
container, and to enable a considerable quantity of the oil to form the Reservoir, the
said Tank, or Fount must be made of considerable superficial area; but at the same
time its depth must be regulated or made so as to correspond with the depth of oil in
the wick-container of the burner, the depths in all cases being regulated by the kind
of burner used as for example, circular wick burners as a rule require about twice the
depth of those of the flat wick style.
In order that my invention may be properly and readily carried into effect, I will
now proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1, sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings illustrates my improvements, being
the elevation of my apparatus as applied to an ordinary wall-bracket with Fount in
Wall-press.
Figure 1 is the plan of the same arrangement and as shewn I emply a Tank or
Fount A, with oil hole a, for filling, preferably fitted with a metal covered cork a¹
(or may be a screwed metal cover, as shewn at a³, figures 2 & 2ª, or any other
equivilent) the said Tank being so inade as to allow of the oil draining away freely
through the small stopcock c, fixed on the tube C, by the Tank bottom being inclined

page_text: to the said outlet pipe, which conducts the flow of oil to the burner B or wick
container b, through the bracket D, the said flow being regulated at will, through the
stopcock; the said Tank may be easily removed if required by unfastening the
small coupling e' (or any other suitable coupling); the bracket as shewn here being
one armed, as suited for a circular wick burner.-The bracket proper D at the same
time acting as oil container or wickholder, into which the small tube Centers, the end
of the tube D being fastened to the wall plate D' by means of brazening, soldering or
screwing, and thus forming a close end for the oil container; the tube C, being also
brazed, soldered or screwed into the said close end at the under or lowest side.
I may also form my brackets of any other suitable shape or style, a few examples of
which are given in the accompanying Drawings.
Figures 2 and 2ª being elevation and plan of my arrangement as adapted to a one
armed bracket for a flat duplex wick; in this case of the close end of the oil container
is formed by a small partition D2, inside the bracket tube D, the small oil tube C
being fastened to this said partition, and otherwise similarly constructed as the
arrangement described with reference to figures 1 and 1*.
Figures and 3, are elevation and plan of a double armed bracket as adapted
to a Hat wick burner; the top arm D in this case forming the bracket or supporting
arm, while the under arm C forms the small oil tube, the oil container in this
instance being of a cylindrical form.
Figures 4 & 4* are elevation and plan of a single armed bracket as adapted for a
flat wick burner; the oil container tapering from a cylindrical form to a kind of oval
form at wall plate.
Figure 5, sheet 2 is an elevation of another form of a one-armed bracket, adapted
to a circular wick burner. E¹, being a sliding winder section of my bracket for
strengthening the connection of bracket and wick case in either the one arm or any
other style of my brackets.
Figure 6 is a part elevation of a double armed bracket, adapted to a circular
wick burner.
Figure 7 is an elevation of a one armed bracket adapted to a circular wick burner,
though I may use any modification having a short upright oil container, of a
cylindrical, globular, or any other suitable section, such as square, hexagon, &c. or
upright, but with any convenient modification of a utilitarian or artistic nature, such
as curved, bevelled, or otherwise, and in all cases its form and depth being regulated
by the kind of burner used. The brackets themselves are subject to modifications, of
being made in one or more pieces jointed, screwed, brazed or soldered or as shewn in
Drawings, either being made with one arm acting as a container and supporter,
combined as at Figures 1, 2, 4 & 7, or with two arms, the top one being the supporter,
and the lower one the oil conductor as shown at Figures 3 & 6; or with one arm
acting as container and supporter, and having one or more small ornamental stays
attached between the lip of container and wall plate so as to give extra support, and
also being mounted by any means of ornamental scroll or leave work as a decorating
effect, as shown at Figuro 5.
To meet with the supplying of air to circular wick burners, I may so construct my
bracket as to have an inner tube E fitted inside the bracket or oil container with its
open end led either out at wall plate as shewn in figure 1 & 1ª with the fitting piece
perforated so as to admit of the air getting into the said tube E and at the same time
preventing draughts from affecting the light or flame, the said tube being fastened in
its proper place by means of a seam or strip of solder e and the wick being split so
as to pass by this solder strip, or by any other suitable means, or I may use
perforated wall plate of brass, iron, wood, or a combination of materials, as shewn in
figure 5, sheet 2, or as a modification I may continue the said air tube into the press
or other convenient place, as shewn in figure 7, or I may simply have its open end
brought out at bottom of oil container and protected by a perforated piece of metal,
as shewn in figure 6.
AL
To enable me to purify the oil before it reaches the burner, I may fill the one
balf of oil container or bracket tubes, with an additional wick or other material

page_text: (preferably the lower half or that nearest the wallplate) so as to filter the oil and
thus prevent impurities from reaching the wick of burner.
The method of joining the supply tube C to containers may be by soldering,
brazening or by screwed connections, and the tube itself may be made any suitable
length, and joined if necessary by couplings or other equivalent.
I may employ my said arrangement of Fount to any number of brackets, such as
would be required in the lighting up of a large room having a number of brackets,
they being all fed by means of oil tubes from the one Fount or Tank-so long as I
keep the bottom of the Fount, oil pipe and wick containers on a level or approximately
so; and I may also employ the said arrangements for lighting up several rooms,
sections of workshops, Factories, Halls, &c., by having a large main oil Fount or
Tank supplying the various lamps or burners by branch tubes and they may be also
applied to oil lamps or stoves for lighting and heating purposes, as also to the street
lamps of country towns.
a
Figures 8 and 8" are elevation and side elevation of a movable lamp or fount,
constructed in accordance with my said invention; the fount in this case being
cyndrical vessel M with handle N on top for carrying about, with feet n for standing
on and eyelets n for hanging it on a wall etcetra, the burner being attached to the
outside of fount with tubes, oil container &c. as already described.
My said improvements are also applicable to suspended lamps and movable lamps,
so long as the level of the oil in the lamp or container is kept corresponding to the
level of the oil in Fount and oil conveying tube.
Figure 9, sheet 3 of the accompanying Drawings shews my improvements as
applied to a suspended bracket similar to a gasalier; and Figure 9ª is a corre-
sponding plan of the same arrangement.
In accordance with this modification, I employ a Fount or Tank F, suspended
from the ceiling by means of rods, wires, or chains in the Drawing it is shewn as
supported by wires G, which are so arranged as to hold it in a level rigid position ;
the lamps or burners H being arranged-round the said Fount, or brackets with the oil
tubes running through them from the Fount to the Containers.
1
The arrangement drawn, shows an example for a three light or burner suspender ;
though I may use any number of burners and by means of the stopcock turn on or
off any one, or all of them at pleasure; or I may do away with this, as in some cases
it is found quite sufficient without the stopcocks, or I may use artificial ones instead.
To enable the oil in the front to drain off properly I may form the bottom of said
Fount as a kind of dished upward plate, so that the centre is higher than the sides
of Fount, the said Fount having an oil hole on top with stopper for the purpose of
filling with oil.
I may decorate the said suspender by covering it with artistic metal leafwork or
any other artistic designs or substances.
Figure 10 shows a modification of my suspended lamp; the Fount J being fixed to
a central rod Khung from ceiling and steadied by means of wires, rods, or chains L,
and otherwise similarly constructed as described with reference to figure 9.
I may make my said brackets, lamps, suspenders &c. of brass, iron, tin, wood, glass,
china, or crystal, or of two or more of these in combination, and in all cases being
subject to the use of Funnels, globes, shades, reflectors and smokeguards, as at present
in use with the ordinary oil lamps.
My said appliance or improvements may be employed and adapted to ordinary
existing stand basket stand & bracket famps, and also to lamps or stoves for
lighting and heating purposes.
Tn using my improvements in connection with stoves or lamps for heating and
lighting purposes, I prefer to so arrange the Fount that it may be supported on the
floor of any wallpress or convenient covered place, near the fireplace, and the
conducting piping led into the grate, and the burner supported therein for the double
purpose of giving light and heating small rooms and also preventing smoke and smell,
the damper of the grate being closed all but a sufficient opening for the slight draught
required for the said lamp or stove.

page_text: In connection with my said improvements I may mount small trays or cups of any
suitable design and materials, underneath all or any of the stopcocks or couplings, for
the purpose of holding any drops of oil which may escape owing to the said stopcocks
or couplings being insufficiently closed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion, and in what manner. the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The arrangement and construction of parts constituting my system of
supplying lamps or stoves, either a single lamp or stove or a number of them, with
oil from a Fount or Tank containing the said oil which supplies the lamp or stove for
a lengthened period, as hereinbefore described and shewn in the accompanying
Drawings.
Second. The Brackets, Lamps, and modes of supplying oil to the same, substantially
as bereinbefore described and shewn in figures 1, 1ª, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4º, 5, 6, and 7 of the
accompanying Drawings.
Third. The movable Lamp or Fount for supplying oil to one or more burners,
attached thereto, substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in figures 8, & 8
of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The suspended Fount or Lamp with one or more burners attached thereto,
substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in figures 9, 9 and 10 of the
accompanying Drawings.