Improvements in or relating to Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of Saggars and Quarries.
Year: 1895

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883), as required by
the decision of the Law Officer of the 16th day of July 1896.
Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1895-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machinery or Apparatus for the
Manufacture of Saggars and Quarries.
I, FRED WOODHEAD, of 12 Silver Royd Road, Upper Wortley, near Leeds,
in the County of York, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or relating to machinery or apparatus
for the manufacture of saggars and quarries which are respectively used for
burning pottery, and for lining ovens; and its object is to enable the machine to
produce the said articles quicker, better, and of a regular and even size.
According to this invention to, say, the top of a press operated by hydraulic
power, is fixed the mould and the core, and in the top of each of these two parts
are cut or otherwise formed any desired number of recesses communicating with
their interiors. These recesses are provided respectively for the exit of any
surplus material that may have been left in or escapes from the mould, and for
the admission of air. Between the mould and its core is arranged to work a
stripper which is in the form of a ring, and it is regulated or adjusted by springs
or their equivalents so that when in its normal position it will be about level with
the lower end of the core and will recede within the mould whenever pressure is
Within the
applied to the material operated upon by the ram of the press.
bottom of the core may also be arranged any desired number of air valves each
consisting of a valve fitted to the end of a spindle formed in one or more diameters-
and kept open by a spring. The spindle works in a suitable bearing or nut
screwed into the base of the core. In the spindle are cut or formed any desired
number of say vertical or other grooves, recesses or passages for the admission of
air. The valve is arranged to work against and be level with the lower outer
face of the core when closed by the pressure of the ram acting upon the material
operated upon. But as soon as the pressure is withdrawn the valve immediately
opens for the admission of air into the interior of the mould.
The other parts of the machine or apparatus may be of the ordinary and usual
construction.
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1005

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Machinery or Apparatus for the
Manufacture of Saggars and Quarries.
1, FRED WOODHEAD, of 12 Silver Royd Road, Upper Wortley, near Leeds,
in the County of York, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in or relating to machinery or apparatus
for the manufacture of saggars, quarries, sinks and sanitary ware, which are
respectively used for burning pottery, and for lining ovens; and its object is to
enable the machine to produce the said articles quicker, better, and of a regular
and even size.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine constructed according to this invention,
and driven by power, with a mould for making sinks.
Fig. 2 a part sectional elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 a plan looking at the top of the machine shown at Fig. 1.
Fig. 34 is a plan of cross head of machine shown at Fig. 1.
Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the mould for making
saggars.
Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the core for the mould
for making saggars.
Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively an elevation and a plan of stripper for use in
moulds for making saggars.
Fig. 10 is an elevation of mould for making saggars showing the core and
stripper in position.
Figs. 11 and 12 are respectively a part sectional elevation and a plan looking at
the top of the air valve and its seat.
Figs. 13 and 14 are respectively an elevation and a plan looking at the top of
the air valve with its seat removed.
As the same parts are employed in the mould when used for making saggars,
quarries, sinks, and the like, only of different contour to suit the shape of the
article under operation, I have marked similar parts with similar letters of reference.
Also although I have shown the press operated by a screw and gearing, deriving
its power from say for example a pair of steam engines set say at quarter centres,
yet I would distinctly have it understood that in place of the arrangement shown,
one or more gas or oil engines, one or more racks with or without additional wheel
gearing, or hydraulic power or the like may be employed.
A and B are the press heads which are of ordinary construction, and mounted
and keyed or otherwise fixed on or to the rods C C. Between the heads A and B
is arranged to slide freely the table D, upon which is fixed a die D', and the die
and table are raised to and withdrawn from the mould E, say for example by
means of the screw F, or other equivalent mechanism such as for instance say
hydraulic power, but I prefer using the arrangement shown. The screw F is
supported at its upper end by the bearing G keyed or otherwise fixed to the
rods C C and bush H in the table D. A portion of the boss I (which rotates in
an axial bearing & formed in the head B) of the bevel wheel I' forms the nut in
which the screw works. The bevel wheel I' is prevented from raising out of
its bearing by the collar 12. A rotary motion is imparted to the bevel wheel I' by
bevel pinion 13 mounted on shaft J, carried in bearing J¹, to which a rotary motion

page_text: is imparted from any suitable source of power, as say for example, by a pair of
steam engines, not shown in the drawings."
To the top A of the press is fixed the mould E and its core L. In the top of
each of these two parts are cut or otherwise formed any desired number of
recesses e and communicating with their interiors. These recesses e and I are
provided respectively for the exit of any surplus material that may have been
left in or escapes from the mould E, and for the admission of air. Between the
mould E and its core L is arranged to work a stripper M which is in the form of
a ring, and it is supported by the rods M' attached at one end to the stripper and
to the crosshead N by the rods N'.
The crosshead N is caused to travel with the table D by rods O, the motion of
which is regulated or adjusted by springs P or their equivalents, so that when the
stripper is in its normal position, it will be about level with the lower end of the
core Land will recede within the mould E whenever pressure is applied to
the material placed upon the table D which is operated upon by the screw of
the press. The mould and its core may be adjusted to the position of its die in the
diagonal slot holes a and n. Within the bottom of the core L may also be arranged
any desired number of air valves, each consisting of a valve Q fitted to the end of
a spindle Q1 formed in one or more diameters and kept open by a spring Q³.
The spindle Q works in a suitable bearing or nut Q3 screwed into the base of
the core.
In the spindle Q are cut or formed any desired number of say vertical
or other grooves Q4, recesses or passages, for the admission of air. The valve is
arranged to work against and be level with the lower outer face of the core when
closed by the pressure of the table acting upon the material operated upon.
as soon as the pressure is withdrawn, each valve is immediately opened for the
admission of air into the interior of the mould.
But
The other parts of the machine or apparatus may be of ordinary and usual
construction.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
A cloth R is first laid upon the die D', the clay or other material operated upon
is then placed upon it. An india-rubber diaphragm S is then placed upon the top
of the clay. An upward motion is then imparted to the table D by the rotation
of the bevel gearing 1' 13, which acting upon the screw F causes the table D to
rise until the clay is pressed into the mould E to the required shape, and the
stripper ring M has reached the top of the mould. Any surplus material that
passes above the stripper M escapes from the mould through the apertures e.
As soon as the top of the india-rubber diaphragm S comes in contact with the
underside of the valves Q, they immediately commence to close and remain closed
until the pressure on the article operated upon is maintained, but as soon as the
pressure is withdrawn by the descent of the table D, the valves Q commence to
open by the action of springs Q2 and air passing in through the orifices / is
admitted to the interior of the mould E. The saggar, quarry, or sink can then be
removed in the usual and ordinary manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not
claim the general apparatus berein before described which I admit to be already in
use, and my claim relates solely to the improvements as to apertures and valves
above described; and I am aware that previous to the date of this application
apertures have been arranged in the mould and core, and valves in the bottom of
the core, and I make no claim to such except when formed and arranged in the
manner hereinbefore described and what I claim is :-
In a mould for manufacturing saggars, quarries, sinks, and sanitary ware, armed
with a core and stripper, providing the same with any desired number of apertures
in their tops constructed as above described and valves constructed as above described
arranged in the bottom of the core to be closed by the pressing operation, and

page_text: which open during the descent of the press table, as and for the purposes herein-
.before set forth.
Dated this Second day of October 1805
FRED WOODHEAD,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.