Improvements in Methods of Adapting Silicate Cotton to Covering Steam Boilers, the Uptakes of Furnaces, Bulkheads, and other Parts of Ships, and for Rendering Fireproof and Preventing the Transmission of Heat and Sound in Buildings and other Structures.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Methods of Adapting Silicate Cotton to Covering
Steam Boilers, the Uptakes of Furnaces, Bulkheads, and other
Parts of Ships, and for Rendering Fireproof and Preventing
the Transmission of Heat and Sound in Buildings and other
Structures.
We, ROBERT STEWART, and FREDERICK MALCOLM HARRIS JONES, both
of Perren Street, Ryland Road, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:―
Our present invention relates to improved methods of applying what is well-
known as silicate cotton, or slag wool, which has extremely low heat conducting
properties, to the purpose of preventing the radiation of heat from steam boilers,
furnaces, or other apparatus in which it is important that such radiation should be
reduced or prevented, or to bulk-heads or other parts of ships or buildings, in
which it is desired to preserve an equable temperature, and to prevent the passage
of sound, whilst the material itself is fireproof.
It has for its object novel methods of preparing such covering so that it can be
much more readily than has heretofore been the case, fitted, applied, and fixed to
the boiler or other situation where it is to be used, and can be easily, quickly, and
cheaply, removed and replaced without injury.
In order to form the improved covering capable of being readily applied for the
purposes described we take a sufficient thickness of mineral fibre artificially
prepared in the way well known and practised, known as silicate cotton, or slag
vool, and we attach to it suitable coverings preferably metallic, upon each side, so
applied that great flexibility and efficiency are obtained, the compound material
being manufactured in sheets of suitable size and shape, capable of being readily
fitted, applied, and fixed to boilers, or furnaces, of any shape, or to the roofs or
walls of buildings, and for other purposes, as already explained.
When the non-conducting covering is to be applied to the flat surfaces of a
boiler in order to prevent the loss of heat by radiation, we prepare it in sheets of
convenient size, for which we take an outer sheet of metal and a corresponding
inner sheet of wire netting, and between them we place a layer of sufficient
thickness of the fibrous material described. In order to connect them all together
in a substantial and durable manner, we fit strips of wood of sufficient thickness
and at suitable distances apart, inside the outer metal sheet to which they are
permanently attached by nails or screws driven into them through holes in the
outer sheet. The inner covering of wire net is fixed by double ended staples of
sufficient length, the pointed ends of which are driven into the wooden strips after
having been passed over the wire of the net.
The compound sheet or covering constructed as described can be fixed to the
If the
boiler or other surface to which it is applied, in any convenient way.
compound covering is sufficiently thin the flat sheet may be bent to its place round
slight curves. Where, however, the compound covering is to be applied to curved
surfaces, we prefer to arrange the inner covering of wire net in separate strips at
short distances apart running at right angles to the direction of curvature, one or
more of the wooden strips being arranged and fixed to the outer sheet metal,
opposite to each such wire net strip.
Angular longitudinal notches are made in the fibrous material between and
parallel with the wire net strips.

page_text: When the compound covering is bent to fit the surface to which it is to be
applied, the sides of the angular notches come together, and the edges of the wire
net strips also meet, or nearly meet, and a continuous curved compound covering is
obtained which is very easily applied and fixed.
We sometimes modify the arrangements described, by omitting the wooden strips
and making the outer covering of sheet metal sufficiently flexible in any direction,
double ended staples of the kind already described, being passed through holes in
such sheet metal covering, and after passing through the fibrous material and
through the inner coating of wire net, having their ends twisted or bent round the
latter, so as to hold the entire compound covering firmly together.
In the improved methods of construction described for use upon flat and curved
surfaces respectively, instead of the outer covering being of sheet metal, we some-
times make it of wire net between which and the fibrous material we arrange a
sheet of paper of sufficient thickness or of other suitable fibrous fabric, preferably
treated or saturated with tar, bitumen, or other light, stiffening and preservative
material, inside which the longitudinal strips of wood are arranged and are fixed by
double ended staples driven into them after passing round the wire of the outer net
and through the paper lining. Or instead of the outer wire net perforated plates
of metal may be used.
The inner covering of wire net is fixed in the way already described by similar
staples passing round its wires and through the mineral fibre, and driven into the
wood strips.
Where the compound material is to be used for the floors or walls of buildings
or for other purposes of the like kind, we sometimes make the compound covering
in sheets or pieces of suitable size, consisting of an outer thickness of wood, such
as match boarding, and an inner coating of wire net between which is arranged a
thickness of the mineral fibre, the whole being held together by double ended
staples of the kind already described passing round the wire of the net and through
the mineral fibre with or without the intervention of a sheet of paper or other
fibrous fabric, already described, and having their pointed ends driven into the back.
of the outer wooden covering. Such compound material is readily applied to
the walls or ceilings of buildings.
Where the compound covering of the different kinds described is of considerable
thickness, we sometimes use one or more additional sheets of wire net or equivalent
material embedded in the body of the fibrous material.
Another part of our invention consists in the method of using in the compound
coverings described, instead of wire net as described, a metallic network of the
kind described and claimed in the Specifications of Letters Patent No. 6977
A.D. 1884, and No. 7357 A.D. 1885, in which strips of metal are expanded
into sheets of latticing consisting of meshes and strands. When such expanded
sheets are used they are held in position by means similar to those employed
when wire net is used as already described.
Such expanded sheets may be used for the outside as well as the inside of the
compound covering.
Plaster or cement may be used to cover the wire net where the material is
used in different parts of buildings in which such plaster or cement is useful or
ornamental.
The forms of compound covering described, whilst fireproof, and very bad
conductors of heat, are not affected by vermin or by weather, and are more easily
and cheaply made, and more readily applied, removed, and replaced, than has
heretofore been the case.
The precise methods of construction may be varied more or less according to
the purpose for which the improved coverings are to be used.
Dated this 10th day of October 1803
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Methods of Adapting Silicate Cotton to Covering
Steam Boilers, the Uptakes of Furnaces, Bulkheads, and other
Parts of Ships, and for Rendering Fireproof and Preventing
the Transmission of Heat and Sound in Buildings and other
Structures.
We, ROBERT STEWART, and FREDERICK MALCOLM HARRIS JONES, both of
Perren Street, Ryland Road, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawing, that is to say :—
Our present invention relates to improved methods of applying what is well
known as silicate cotton, or slag wool, which has extremely low heat conducting
properties, to the purpose of preventing the radiation of heat from steam boilers,
furnaces, or other apparatus in which it is important that such radiation should be
reduced or prevented, or to bulk-heads or other parts of ships or buildings, in
which it is desired to preserve an equable temperature, and to buildings or other
purposes to prevent the passage of sound, whilst the material itself is fireproof.
It has for its object novel methods of preparing such covering so that it can be
much more readily than has heretofore been the case, fitted, applied, and fixed to
the boiler, building, or other situation where it is to be used, and can be easily,
quickly, and cheaply, removed and replaced without injury.
In order to form the improved covering capable of being readily applied for the
purposes described we take a sufficient thickness of mineral fibre artificially
prepared in the way well known and practised, known as silicate cotton, or slag
wool, and we attach to it suitable coverings preferably metallic upon each side, so
applied that great flexibility and efficiency are obtained, the compound material
being manufactured in sheets of suitable size and shape, capable of being readily
fitted, applied, and fixed to boilers, or furnaces, of any shape, or to the roofs or
walls of buildings and for other purposes as already explained.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of our invention.
When the non-conducting covering is to be applied to the flat surface of a boiler
in order to prevent the loss of heat by radiation as illustrated in Figure I, which
shews a section through the covering, we prepare it in sheets of convenient size,
for which we take an outer sheet of metal a and a corresponding inner sheet of
wire netting b, and between them we place a layer of sufficient thickness c of the
fibrous material described. In order to connect them all together in a substantial
and durable manner, we fit strips of wood d of sufficient thickness and at suitable
distances apart, inside the outer metal sheet a to which they are permanently
attached by nails or screws as shewn driven into them through holes in the outer
sheet a.
The inner covering of wire net bis fixed by double ended staples e of
sufficient length, the pointed ends of which are driven into the wooden strips d after
having been passed over the wire of the net.
The compound sheet or covering constructed as described can be fixed to the
boiler or other surface to which it is to be applied, in any convenient way. If the
compound covering is sufficiently thin the flat sheet may be bent to its place round
slight curves. Where, however, the compound covering is to be applied to curved
surfaces as illustrated in Figure III, we prefer to make it as shewn in Figure II,
by arranging the inner covering of wire net in separate strips b, b, b, at short
distances apart running at right angles to the intended direction of curvature, one
or more of the wooden strips d being arranged and fixed to the outer sheet metal a,
opposite to each such wire net strip d.

page_text: Angular longitudinal notches ƒ are made in the fibrous material c between and
parallel with the wire net strips d.
When the compound covering is bent, as shewn in Figure II, to fit the surface
to which it is to be applied, the sides of the angular notches come together as
shewn in Figure III, and the edges of the wire net strips balso meet, or nearly
meet, and a continuous curved compound covering is obtained which is very easily
applied and fixed.
We sometimes modify the arrangements described, by omitting the wooden
strips and making the outer covering of sheet metal sufficiently flexible in any
direction, double ended staples, of the kind already described, being passed through
holes in such sheet metal covering, and after passing through the fibrous material
and through the inner coating of wire net, having their ends twisted or bent round
the latter, so as to hold the entire compound covering firmly together.
In the improved methods of construction described for use upon flat and curved
surfaces respectively, instead of the outer covering being of sheet metal, we
sometimes make it, as illustrated in Figure IV, of wire net on both sides between
which and the fibrous material we arrange on one or both sides a sheet of asbestos
paper g of sufficient thickness, or of other suitable fibrous fabric, preferably treated
or saturated with tar, bitumen, or other light, stiffening and preservative material,
inside which the longitudinal strips of wood d are arranged and are fixed by double
ended staples e driven into them after passing round the wire of the other net. Or
instead of the outer wire net perforated plates of metal may be used.
The inner covering of wire net is fixed in the way already described by similar
staples passing round its wires and through the mineral fibre, and driven into the
wood strips d.
We sometimes apply the silicate cotton or slag wool by filling with it a bag or
mattress of asbestos cloth of suitable dimensions and thickness. The open edge of
the mattress is then closed and its sides may be stitched or quilted together.
Where the compound material is to be used for the floors or walls of buildings or
for other purposes of the like kind, we sometimes make the compound covering,
as illustrated in Figure V, in sheets or pieces of suitable size, consisting of an
outer thickness of wood, such as match boarding, and an inner coating of wire
net between which is arranged a thickness of the mineral fibre c, the whole being
held together by double ended staples e of the kind already described passing
round the wire of the net and through the mineral fibre c with or without the
intervention of a sheet of paper or other fibrous fabric as already described, and
having their pointed ends driven into the back of the outer wooden covering h.
Such compound material is readily applied to the walls or ceilings of buildings.
Where the compound covering of the different kinds described is of considerable
thickness, we sometimes use, as illustrated in Figure VI, one or more additional
sheets of wire net i, or equivalent material, embedded in the body of the fibrous
material c.
Another part of our invention consists in the method of using in the compound
coverings described, instead of wire net as described, a metallic network of the
kind described and claimed in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 6977
A.D. 1884, and No. 7357 A.D. 1885, in which strips of metal are expanded into
sheets of latticing consisting of meshes and strands. When such expanded sheets
are used they are held in position by means similar to those employed when wire
net is used as already described.
Such expanded sheets may be used for the outside as well as the inside of the
compound covering.
Plaster or cement may be used to cover the wire net where the material is used
in different parts of buildings in which such plaster or cement is useful or
ornamental.
The forms of compound covering described, whilst fire-proof, and very bad
conductors of heat, are not affected by vermin or by weather, and are more easily

page_text: and cheaply made, and more readily applied. removed, and replaced, than has
heretofore been the case.
The precise methods of construction may be varied more or less according to the
purpose for which the improved coverings are to be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The compound covering for the purposes described, consisting of silicate
cotton or slag wool held between a sheet of metal and a sheet of wire net, by means
of staples passing round the wire net and through the fibrous material, and driven
into strips of wood attached to the inner side of the sheet of metal, substantially
as described and illustrated.
2. In the method of construction claimed in Claim 1, the use of wire net
instead of a metal sheet, upon the outer side of the compound covering, substantially
as described.
3. In the methods of arrangement claimed in Claims 1 and 2, the use of wire nét
in separate strips upon the inner side of the compound covering in combination
with notches in the mass of fibrous material, where the covering is to be applied to
curved surfaces, substantially as described and illustrated.
4. The use of a sheet of fibrous fabric, inside one or both of the metal coverings
of the compound covering, substantially as described and illustrated.
5. The combination with the fibrous material of an outer covering of wood, and
an inner covering of wire net, all held together by staples passing over the wire
net and through the fibrous material, and driven into the wood covering,
substantially as described and illustrated.
6. The use of one or more sheets of wire net embedded in the body of the
fibrous material, substantially as described and illustrated.
7. The use, instead of wire net, of expanded sheets of metal latticing, of the
kind described in the Specifications of Letters Patent No. 6977 A.D. 1884, and
No. 7357 A.D. 1885, substantially as and for the purposes described.
1000
Dated+ this 92nd day of November 1903.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.