Improvements in Smoke Consuming Apparatus for Boiler Furnaces of Locomotive and Marine Engines and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 28th Aug.,
1897
Improvements in Smoke Consuming Apparatus for Boiler Furnaces
of Locomotive and Marine Engines and the like.
I, ANTON PALLA, of Hybernská u.c. 46, Prague, in the Empire of Austria,
I.R. Government Counsellor and State-railway Manager, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what inanner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus and smoke consuming arrangements which
consist in a refracting fire screen in the fire-box of boilers. My fire-screen is hollow,
with either only one cavity extending over the whole screen, or with this cavity
divided into a number of compartments or canals, as the case may be, which
circumstance or variety does not affect the character of my invention.
The fire screen
is provided with a number of air openings on its underside wall. The said interior
cavity communicates with the outer air, for the purpose of drawing in or admitting,
heating and sending this air into the fire, as secondary combustion air, the primary
combustion air being provided through the grate, as usual. This secondary and hot
air, the flow of which is to be regulated by known appliances, meets the smoke and
the combustible gases and particles directly over the fire, and mixing itself thoroughly
with the smoke and the sinoke gases it thus produces a complete and smokeless
combustion.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood reference is had to the
accompanying drawings, in which
Figs. 1 and 2 represent a fire-box with my smoke consuming apparatus in
longitudinal and transverse vertical section respectively.
Figs. 3 and 4 are axial sections through the chimney and the steam-regulator.
Fig. 5 represents a front view of the steam regulator in Fig. 4.
Figs. 6 to 20 represent various types of marine boiler furnaces fitted with this
invention.
Fis a hollow construction of fire-bricks or refractory material. Its cavity
communicates with the outer air by means of a canal C, and the inlet is regulated by
a valve K or otherwise as convenient air can also be blown in, but generally it suffices
to use only the air which is caught whilst the locomotive is running. This air is
heated in the cavity or cavities or canals of the screen and it flows out through a
number of openings i, provided in the inclined wall wl on the underside of the screen.
The gases rising from the coal or fuel are met by a number of streams of heated air
entering through the openings i, and therefore a complete combustion takes place in
the fire-box. The cavity in F may be single or multiplied, or divided into portions
or so on, without changing the character of my invention.
The ash-pan is provided with air-regulating doors K' and K'. If the fuel produces
much smoke, fire-bridges S may be added on the rear side of the fire-box. These
pieces may be hollow and arranged otherwise in a similar way to the screen F.
For the purpose of obtaining smoke-abatement even during the stoppage of
locomotives or ships, I place under the valve P of the regulator K steam-inlet. O in
such a way, that this is opened and steam let into the pipes 1, 2 when the steam

page_text: inlet at R closes and that if the valve P slides down so as to open the inlet of R it
covers the inlet O, as shown by Figures 4 and 5. The pipes, lead to the steam-
jet g in the chimney of the boiler.
Thus when steam is cut off from the engine as would be the case when the latter
is at rest the blast g is automatically opened and causes a draft which causes air to be
drawn into the combustion chamber through wall F.
In case of a complete stoppage, i.e. when no steam is needed, the steam and the
fire has not therefore to be kept up, the pipes r¹, r³, are stopped by turning the
cock w by hand.
As further explaning the application of the first part of this invention to various
marine types of boilers I have illustrated certain well known types and shown the
invention fitted thereto in a manner that will be obvious with the help of the
foregoing description, thus :-
Fig. 6 is a water tube emulsion boiler.
Fig. 7 is for the "Solegnac" system.
"
Fig. 8 illustrates part of the "Leblond-Caville system.
Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are other known systems with flame tubes which do not bear
distinctive names.
Fig. 12 is for the "Belleville" boiler.
Fig. 13 for the "Speedy" type of boiler.
"
Fig. 14 for the "Niclause boiler.
Figs. 15 and 16 are two views of the "Normand" boiler.
Fig. 17 the "Thorneycroft" boiler.
Figs. 18 and 19 the "Lagrafel d'Allest" boiler.
Fig. 20 the "Yarrow" boiler.
The reference letters in these figures denote the same parts as in Figs. 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved smoke consuming apparatus for boiler furnaces of locomotives
ships engines and the like, consisting in a hollow inclined fire-bridge or fire-screen F
inside the fire-box, which is fed by outward air through a conduit, C, this air being
heated in the cavity or cavities of the said fire-screen, and afterwards ejected through
openings of its underside wall w² onto the fire, substantially as set forth and for
the purpose specified.
2. The combination with the fire-screen F constructed substantially as and for the
purpose set forth, of the automatic blast apparatus consisting of pipes r, with
cock w and jet g and adapted to the regulator R to be operated by the valve P
thereof in the manner set forth.
3. The combination with the fire-screen F constructed substantially as and for the
purpose set forth, of the bridge S upon and at the rear side of the furnace grate for
use with fuel of greater smoke producing quality for the purpose and substantially
as described.
Dated this 15th day of February 1897
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.