IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OFF LENGTHS OF METALLIC AND OTHER RODS, AND IN CUTTING AND BORING TOOLS AND TOOL HOLDERS."
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tangye, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, and Henry Guy, of
Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Machinist, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OFF LENGTHS OF METALLIC
AND OTHER RODS, AND IN CUTTING AND BORING TOOLS AND TOOL HOLDERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Tangye and Henry
Guy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1877.
GEORGE TANGYE, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturers, and HENRY GUY, of Handsworth, in the County of
Stafford, Machinist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OFF LENGTHS
OF METALLIC AND OTHER RODS, AND IN CUTTING AND BORING TOOLS AND TOOL
HOLDERS."
Our Invention consists, first, in constructing machinery for cutting off lengths
from metallic and other rods for studs and other purposes in such a manner as to
admit of cutting off a number of lengths without stopping the machine. To obtain
this object a frame carrying a bush is placed on the saddle of the machine; this
bush need not fit the rod accurately. On a pin in the frame a lever works; this
lever carries two tools on opposite sides of the rod; one tool is used for cutting off,
and the other is used for rounding the end of the rod, or for chamfering, or the like.
The frame also carries an adjustable stop, which fixes the length cut off. It is
preferable to actuate the lever carrying the tools by a screw or worm, but other
means may be used. Instead of the lever a slide may be used, but the lever is
preferred. The mandril of the machine is hollow, and the rod passes through it.
Inside the mandril, and outside the rod, a sleeve is fitted, having a conical end,
through which one or more longitudinal slots are cut. The other end of this sleeve
has a screw thread cut on it. A hand wheel is screwed on this end of the sleeve.
By screwing the hand wheel against the end of the mandril the conical end of the
[Prine 71

page_text: sleeve is drawn into its corresponding recess in the mandril, and thus tightened on
the rod. The rod being thus gripped is compelled to turn with the mandril. By
slackening back the hand wheel the rod is released. On starting to cut off a number
of lengths the rod is pushed through the mandril as far as the length of the machine
will admit or the torsion of the rod allow, and then clamped in the mandril. The
saddle is then moved until the stop touches the end of the rod. The rounding or
chamfering tool is then brought into operation, and afterwards the cutting tool.
The saddle is then moved on again to cut off the next length.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in making expanding rimers with solid ends, the
said rimers being expanded in the centre of the length of their cutting part by a
screw having a conical end fitting into a hole drilled from the end of the rimer
longitudinally. This hole is cut with a thread to fit that of the screw, and is coned
at the inner end to fit the end of the screw. A longitudinal slot or slots are cut
from the periphery of the rimer into the central hole. It is preferred to cut at least
three of these slots, which are for the purpose of permitting the barrel of the rimer
to expand under the pressure of the conical end of the screw. The slots are not
carried quite to the end of the rimer, the said end being solid as herein-before stated,
with the exception of the hole for the screw.
Our Invention cousists, thirdly, in making tool holders for holding the tools used
in lathes and other machine tools. We make a-cylindrical boss on that end of the
holder in which the cutter is fixed. Through this boss one or more slots are cut ;
these slots are cut at different angles. The cutters are made of bar, or rod steel of
any suitable section. The cutter is placed in that slot which is at the proper angle
for the class, of work to be performed, and the said cutter is clamped down by a
screw tapped into the top of the boss; or, instead of clamping the cütter, a cylin-
drical hole may be formed in the boss, and a cylindrical piece, having a slot formed
in it, fitted in the said hole. The end of this cylindrical piece is screwed and has a
nut fitted to it, which nut bears on the lower side of the boss. The cutter is passed
through the slot in the cylindrical piece, as well as through the slots in the boss, and
is clamped by screwing the nut up against the boss.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Tangye and Henry Guy in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th August 1877.
GEORGE TANGYE, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturers, and HENRY GUY, of Handsworth, in the County of
Stafford, Machinist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OFF LENGTHS
OF METALLIC AND OTHER RODS, AND IN CUTTING AND BORING TOOLS AND TOOL
HOLDERS."
Our Invention consists, first, in constructing machinery for cutting off lengths
from metallic and other rods for studs and other purposes in such a manner as to
admit of cutting off a number of lengths without stopping the machine. To obtain
this object a frame carrying a bush is placed on the saddle of the machine; this
bush need not fit the rod accurately. On a pin in the frame a lever works; this
lever carries two tools on opposite sides of the rod; one tool is used for cutting off,
and the other is used for rounding the end of the rod, or for chamfering, or the like.
The frame also carries an adjustable stop, which fixes the length cut off. It is
preferable to actuate the lever carrying the tools by a screw or worm, but other
means may be used. Instead of the lever a slide may be used, but the lever is
preferred. The mandril of the machine is hollow, and the rod passes through it.
Inside the mandril, and outside the rod, a sleeve is fitted, having a conical end,

page_text: through which one or more longitudinal slots are cut. The other end of this sleeve
has a screw thread cut on it. A hand wheel is screwed on this end of the sleeve.
By screwing the hand wheel against the end of the mandril the conical end of the
sleeve is drawn into a corresponding recess in the mandril, and thus tightened on
the rod. The rod being thus gripped is compelled to turn with the mandril. By
slackening back the hand wheel the rod is released. On starting to cut off a number
of lengths the rod is pushed through the mandril as far as the length of the machine
will admit or the torsion of the rod will allow, and then clamped in the mandril.
The saddle is then moved until the stop touches the end of the rod. The rounding
or chamfering tool is then brought into operation, and afterwards the cutting tool.
The saddle is then moved on again to cut off the next length.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in making expanding rimers with solid ends, the
said rimers being expanded in the centre of the length of their cutting part by a
screw having a conical end fitting into a hole drilled from the end of the rimer
longitudinally. This hole is cut with a thread to fit that of the screw, and is coned
at the inner end to fit the end of the screw. A longitudinal slot or slots are cut
from the periphery of the rimer into the central hole. It is preferred to cut at least
three of these slots, which are for the purpose of permitting the barrel of the rimer
to expand under the pressure of the conical end of the screw. The slots are not
carried quite to the end of the rimer, the said end being solid as herein-before stated,
with the exception of the hole for the screw.
Our Invention consists, thirdly, in making tool holders for holding the tools used
in lathes and other machine tools. We make a cylindrical boss on that end of the
holder in which the cutter is fixed. Through this boss one or more slots are cut;
these slots are cut at different angles. The cutters are made of bar or rod steel of
any suitable section. The cutter is placed in that slot which is at the proper angle
for the class of work to be performed, and the said cutter is clamped down by a
screw tapped into the top of the boss.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
the manner in which our Invention may be carried into effect.
Figure represents in side elevation, partly in longitudinal section, a machine for
cutting off lengths fram metallic rods for making studs and for other similar purposes,
the said machine being constructed according to our Invention.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the saddle of the machine and parts carried by
it, the bed of the machine being shown in section.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 are cross sections of the hollow spindle or mandril and sleeve
of the machine, and Figure 6 is a front elevation of the said mandril or spindle and
sleeve. The cross section, Figure 3, is taken on the line A, B, Figure 1; the cross
section, Figure 4, is taken on the line C, D, Figure 1; and the cross section, Figure 5,
is taken on the line E, F, Figure 1.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1 to 6.
a² is the saddle of the machine travelling on the bed a³, and worked by the rack
and pinion represented; a is the frame carried by or made in one piece with the
saddle a. The frame a has fixed in it the bush b, through which the rod a to be
cut passes. This bush need not fit the rod accurately; d is a strong arm or lever
pivotted or centred at c to the frame a. This arm or lever & carries two cutting
tools e, f, the tool e being the tool for rounding or chamfering the end of the rod
prior to cutting the stud or length from the rod by the other cutting off tool f. The
arm or lever d is worked or turned on its centre, so as to bring one or other of the
cutting tools e, f, into operation by means of the right and left handed screw h,
moved by the winch or handle h². One part or half of the screw h works in a
screw nut h³ connected to the upper part of the arm or lever d, and the other part
or half of the said screw works in a screw nut at h', carried by the frame a.
Instead of the arm or lever d for supporting the cutting tools e, f, a slide working
in the frame a-may be employed for the same purpose, but we prefer to use the arm
or lever represented in the Drawing,

page_text: The frame a, to which the arm or lever d is jointed, supports at its front face an
adjustable stop g sliding on the rod g². By means of the said stop g the length of
rod cut off is determined. i is the hollow spindle or mandril turning in the head
stock of the machine, and having a rotatory motion communicated to it in the
usual way. The end or mouth of the spindle or mandril is conical, as represented.
Within the hollow mandril or spindle i is a sleeve kc, shown in elevation in Figure 1,
having a conical end fitting the conical end of the spindle or mandril i. In the
conical end of the sleeve a series of longitudinal slots are cut. Longitudinal slots
may also be formed in the barrel of the sleeve. The said conical end and barrel are
thereby made elastic, or capable of contracting and expanding, so as to grip or
release the rod a to be cut, as herein-after described, the said rod passing through
the said sleeve and the hollow spindle or mandril. The said sleeve l is capable of a
longitudinal sliding motion in the mandril i, but is incapable of rotating in the said
mandril, a key or feather 8 on the mandril taking into the sleeve, and thereby pre-
venting it rotating. The inner end of the sleeve, or that end most distant from the
saddle a², is screwed at ², and upon the screw ² the screw box m² of the hand
wheel m works, as represented, the said screw box m² being capable only of a rota-
tory motion. By turning the hand wheel m in one or other direction, the conical
end of the sleeve is drawn into or moved out of the hollow mandril i for the
purpose of gripping or releasing the rod to be cut. When the sleeve is drawn into
the mandril, and its elastic end thereby made to contract upon and grip the rod
within it, the said rod turns with the mandril. When the hand wheel m is slackened,
the sleeve is moved out of the mandril and the rod is released, and may be moved
in the sleeve and mandril.
The machine is used in the following manner:-The rod a', from which studs, or
lengths, or pieces are in succession to be cut, is pushed through the hollow mandril i
and sleeve . By turning the hand wheel m the sleeve is drawn into the mandril,
and its split or elastic conical end is closed upon the rod, and the latter is gripped
and made to partake of the rotatory motion of the spindle or mandril i. The
saddle a² is next moved on the bed a³ of the machine until the stop g (which has
been adjusted the proper distance from the lever d carrying the cutting tools) abuts
against the end of the rod at. By moving the lever d in the proper direction by
means of the screw and winch at h, h², the chamfering tool e is made to operate
upon the end of the rotating rod so as to chamfer or round the said end, and by
afterwards reversing the motion of the lever the cutting-off tool f is brought into
operation, and a stud, length, or piece cut off the rod. The saddle a² is now moved
nearer to the head stock until the stop g strikes against the end of the rod, when
the operations described are repeated, and a second stud, length, or piece is rounded
and cut from the rod, and so on. When the end of the rod at, protruding from the
hollow mandril, has been thus cut up into lengths or pieces without stopping the
machine, the rod is released from the said mandril and a further portion pushed
through the said mandril, and the rod again fixed by the sleeve in the manner
herein-before described, and the cutting operation repeated.
Figure 7 represents in elevation, and Figure 8 partly in elevation and partly in
longitudinal section, an expanding rimer constructed according to our Invention;
Figure 9 is a cross section of the same, drawn to a larger scale, taken on the line
X, Z, Figure 8.
The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 7, 8, and 9.
a is the body or shank of the rimer, and b is the acting or cutting end of the
same, the said end being capable of being expanded. The said acting or cutting
end 'b is made by cutting or piercing in the rimer a series of four (or other number
of) longitudinal slits or divisions (see the cross section, Figure 9), passing into tho
solid body or shank a, the said slits being made in the direction of radii, and
opening into a hole e made in the axis of the rimer. The acting end of the rimer is
thus composed of four (or other number of) parts capable of separating or expanding
when pressure is applied to them in the manner herein-after described. The cutting

page_text: parts b of the rimer are expanded by means of the screw pin c, the screwed end of
which takes into a screwed hole or socket c² in the end of the rimer. The inner end
of this screw pin is plain, and the extreme end of the plain part is conical, and takes
into a conical seat or recess at d in the axial hole e of the divided part of the rimer.
By turning the screw c so as to drive it home, the conical end of the said screw
advances in the conical seat or recess d, and the split or yielding parts b of the rimer
are separated so as to expand the acting end of the rimer. By turning the screw c
so as to withdraw its conical end from the conical recess d, the split parts 6 return
to their normal positions.
Figure 10 represents in end elevation, Figure 11 in side elevation; and Figure 12
in section taken through the boss a tool holder constructed according to our
Invention.
In the said Figures 10, 11, and 12 a is the cylindrical boss on the extremity of
the stem of the holder. In the said boss a series of slots b is cut at different angles,
as best seen in Figure 12, for the reception of the cutter c. The cutter c is placed
in that slot b of the series which is at the proper angle for the class of work to be
performed, and the said cutter is clamped in the said boss a by the set screw d
taking into the said boss a, and bearing against the cutter c in the manner repre-
sented in Figure 11. In Figures 10, 11, and 12 a cutter is represented fixed at
each end of the holder. In the plain end of the holder an inclined slot is made for
receiving the cutter e, which is clamped by the screw pin f. Or instead of clamping
the cutter a cylindrical hole may be formed in the boss, and a cylindrical piece
having a slot formed in it fitted in the said hole. The end of the cylindrical piece
is screwed and has a nut fitted to it, which nut bears on the lower side of the
boss. The cutter is passed through the slot in the cylindrical piece, as well as
through the slot in the boss, and is clamped by screwing the nut up against
the boss.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our
Invention,―
First. The improvements in machinery for cutting off lengths of metallic and
other rods, herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of
the accompanying Drawings, that is to say, the combination with the hollow mandril
or spindle of the machine, through which the rod to be cut up is fed, of the slit
and elastic sleeve i, constructed and worked as described and illustrated, for gripping
the rod and making it partake of the rotatory motion of the mandril or spindle, and
for releasing the said rod; also, the construction and arrangement of the lever or
arm d (or a slide), supporting one or more cutting tools, and an adjustable stop
carried by a frame, and the latter by the saddle of the machine, for cutting off the
length of rod, or for cutting off and rounding or otherwise shaping the end of the
rod, substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. The improvements in the construction of expanding rimers, herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 7, 8, and 9 of the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say, cutting or piercing in the end of the rimer a series of
longitudinal slits, the said slits passing in the direction of radii and opening into
a hole in the axis of the rimer, the end of the rimer thus constructed being
capable of being expanded by the conical end of a screw pin taking into a
conical seat or recess in the axial hole of the rimer, substantially as described and
illustrated.
Thirdly. The improvements in holders for turning tools and other tools, herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 10, 11, and 12 of the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say, making at one end of the tool holder a boss provided with
a series of slots arranged at different angles, in any one of which slots the tool may
be fixed or clamped by a set screw, as described and illustrated; also, forming at
the opposite end of the tool holder an oblique slot in which a turning or other tool
may be fixed by a set screw; also, the modification described in which a cylindrical

page_text: hole is made in the boss of the holder, and a slotted cylindrical piece used in combi-
nation therewith.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Guy, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
W. J. PARKINS,
Clerk,
18, Lozells St.,
Birmingham.
HENRY GUY. (45)