Improvements in the Maufacture and Treatment of Artificial and other Stone Roofing, and other Tiles, and Enamel, and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 24th May, 1897-Accepted, 21st Aug,, 1897
Improvements in the Maufacture and Treatment of Artificial and
other Stone Roofing, and other Tiles, and Enamel, and in Apparatus
therefor.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK THOMSON of Isebauk Wellingborough in the County of
Northampton, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates mainly to the manufacture of artificial stone which may while
in a plastic or more or less liquid state be moulded or cast into various shapes and of
roofing and other tiles and further my invention relates to the apparatus to be used
therefor.
I treat blast furnace slag or other waste material such as ashes for instance or clay
or certain kinds of sand or the like with dilute sulphuric acid and when it has stood
for some time and been well stirred I cover it with a solution of silicate of soda or
caustic or carbonate and I prefer to turn over or stir the slag or the like at intervals
so that the silicate of soda or soda solution acts on every part of the material and in
some instances I boil with soda. The solution is then allowed to run off. The material
is then put or run into moulds and is allowed to dry either naturally or by artificial
means or may be mixed with fresh slag clay ashes and the like so as to cheapen the
process.
In order to whiten the exterior of the stone or of ordinary building stono and to
permit of obtaining a hard sinooth surface, I then immerse the same in sulphuric acid
strong or dilute and allow it to stand for a certain time whereupon it is removed
therefrom and immersed in a solution of silicate of soda or carbounto for the purpose
of hardening it. The surface may then be smoothed or polished in any convenient
manner.
When making tiles I proceed by mixing a dilute solution of silicate of soda to tho
slag which is preferably finely ground and I add more or less dilute sulphuric acid.
To this mixture any suitable colours may be added. The same mixture may also be
applied in a liquid state as an enamel on wood, stone iron and the like.
In casting or moulding tiles for example I make a box which has one or more of
its sides removable and fitting in vertical grooves which are movable therein are a
number of metal or glass divisions which take up very little space and perimit of a
large number of the tiles to be made and stacked for drying in a convenient and
economical manner,

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture and Treatment of Artificial and
other Stone Roofing, and other Tiles, and Enamel, and in Apparatus
therefor.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK THOMSON of Isebank Wellingborough in the County of
Northampton, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
imanner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates mainly to the manufacture of artificial stone which while in
a plastic or more or less liquid state may be moulded or cast into various shapes, and
of roofing tiles; my invention also relates to the apparatus to be used in the
manufacture.
I treat blast furnace slag or other waste material such for instance as ashes, clay
Band or the like with dilute sulphuric acid and when it has stood for some time and
been well stirred I cover it with a solution of silicate of soda or caustic or carbonate
and I prefer to turn over or stir the slag or the like at intervals so that the silicate of
soda or soda solution may act on every part of the material; aud in some instances
I boil with soda. The solution is then allowed to run off. The material is then put
or run into moulds and is allowed to dry either naturally or by artificial means or
may be mixed with fresh slag, clay ashes and the like if it is desired to cheapen the
process,
In order to whiten the exterior of the stone or of ordinary building stone and to
permit of obtaining a hard smooth surface, I then immerse the same in strong or
dilute sulphuric acid and allow it to stand for a certain time whereupon it is removed
therefroin and immersed in a solution of silicate or carbonate of soda for the purposo
of hardening it. The surface may then he smoothed or polished in any convenient
jmanner.
When inaking flags, slabs steps or tiles I proceed by mixing a dilute solution of
silicate of soda to the slag or sand which is preferably finely ground and I add more
or less dilute sulphuric acid. To this mixture any suitable colours may be added.
The same mixture may also be applied in a liquid state as an enamel on wood, stone
iron and the like. For making slabs of imitation marble and the like I mix the same
mixtures in separate portions adding to each a special colour. For example one white
and another red. I pour the two portions into the mould at the same time and thus
produce a white stone with red veins.
In casting or moulding flags, slabs, steps or tiles, I make a box or frame which has
one or more of its sides removable and provide a number of thin division plates of
metal, glass, wood, or slate according to the smoothness of the casting required.
These plates are inserted in vertical grooves in two opposite sides of the-box or frame
and the mixture is run in between them.
Fig. 1 is a plan view and Fig. 2 n side view of a suitable form of box or frame for
the purpose. A A are the ends of the box. The sides consist of a number of pieces B
which are held together with narrow intermediate spaces by means of the longitudinal
pieces C. The division plates D are inserted in the said narrow spaces which form
vertical grooves. The spaces E between the division plates D servo to receive the
mixture to be cast into slabs or other forms. The sides B C and the plates D are
removable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The manufacture of artificial stone or enamel from blast furnace slaw or other

page_text: waste or cheap material such as ashes, clay or sand by treating same with dilute
sulphuric acid and with a solution of silicate of soda or caustic or carbonate, running
off the solution, moulding and drying, substantially as set forth.
2. The whitening and hardening the exterior of artificial stone or of ordinary
building stone by treating the saine with sulphuric acid and then with a solution of
silicate or carbonate of soda, substantially as set forth.
3. The manufacture of artificial marble from blast furnace slag or other waste or cheap
material such as ashes, clay or sand by treating same with the dilute solution of
silicate of soda, and then adding a little dilute sulphuric acid, dividing up the
mixture into portions, imparting different colours to the two or several portions,
pouring the portions into the inould at the same time, and drying the cast articles,
substantially as set forth.
4. The construction of mould described and shewn and its application for artificial
stone mixtures, cement mixtures and the like.
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
PARD
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.