improvements in Covers or wrappers for Bottles and the like and in Machinery for Making the same.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1887
Specification Accepted, 11th Oct.. 1887
improvements in Covers or wrappers for Bottles and the like and
in Machinery for Making the same.
I, JACOB MURRAY BAKER, of Boston, in the County of Suffolk, and State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, Counsellor at Law, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERS FOR BOTTLES, AND THE LIKE
AND IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING THE SAME," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of my invention is the manufacture of wrappers or covers for Bottles,
&c., from paper, wood fibre or other suitable material.
My invention consists in a machine so constructed as to take the material from a
flat strip, form the same into a tube, and sew the overlapping edges together; it also
consists in mechanism for cutting the tube thus formed into appropriate lengths for bottle
covers, it also consists in certain other mechanism and details of construction of the
machine as hereinafter described :-and my invention further consists in a cover for
bottles made from indented or embossed paper, wood fibre, or other suitable material,
with its longitudinal edges secured together; all as more particularly hereinafter
described and set forth in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is an elevation taken from one side of the machine, with the driving
wheel of the cutting mechanism removed, but its outline shown in dotted lines.
Figure 2 is an elevation taken from the opposite side of the machine to Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a plan. Figure 4 is an end view of the cutter end of the machine.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the tube former and stitch locking mechanism.
Figure 6 is a bottom plan of the same. Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are details of
different parts of the machine. Figure 13 illustrates a modification of the feeding
and cutting mechanism; and Figures 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 illustrate different
forms and views of bottle wrappers.
Similar letters and numbers represent like parts in all the figures.

page_text: A is the bed frame of the machine, at one end of which is secured a vertical
standard B. This standard supports the needle bar and needle B1, and the presser
foot H of a sewing machine, the motive power of which is imparted from a pulley C
(secured to the shaft D) either directly or indirectly from a steam engine or other
power. E is an arm extending outward from the standard B, to which is secured a
cross-box or frame F, from which is suspended a hollow elbow and arm G. This arm
is parallel with the arm E, with a space between the two, and the free or inner end of
the arm G, forms a rest for the presser foot H, when it is down.
The hollow arm G contains the stitch locking device of the sewing machine (see
figures 5 and 6). A rod g is suspended loosely in the hangers hh, and has an
adjustable hook at the end nearest the needle B¹. The hanger h¹ has on its under
side an L-shaped slot j, in which a pin k, secured to the rod g, is adapted to move.
This slot and pin form a guide for the rod and hook, and allow the latter to turn a
little when it arrives at the rear end of its course. The hook, which acts as a
threadless shuttle, is adapted to catch the loop of the stitch after it passes through the
opening in the arm G (on the needle), and pull it back through the next preceding
loop; the slight turning or rotary play which is given to the hook, by means of the
guide and pink, facilitates this operation. A reciprocating motion is given to the
rod gand hook i, by means of a cam groove m on the inner surface of the pulley C,
(see Figure 7) a lever n¹ having a projection or roller working in said cam groove,
the rod o extending from said lever back of the stitching mechanism, the crank
shaft 9, (which is suspended in box F) to which the crank is attached, the crank
- at the opposite end of the shaft q, said crank r being loosely joined to the rod 9, (See
Figures 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7). A convenient way of attaching the crank to the rod
is by having both crank and rod made with their adjacent ends bifurcated, the end of
the crank passing through the slot in the rod g and a pin fixed to the rod and
crossing said slot, so as to separate the two prongs of crank r and prevent discon-
nection between the rod g and said crank, (see Figures 5 and 6).
p
1 is a guide for forming the material into a tubular form, and which is horizontally
and removably attached by appropriate standards to the frame of the machine, so as
to surround the arm G, and with its smaller end a short distance from the presser foot
and needle of the sewing mechanism.
Surrounding the shaft D, and attached to the same, is an eccentric d, and
surrounding this eccentric, is a loose sleeve or ring e, which is attached to one end of
the lever K, (see Figure 8). Suspended from the opposite end of this lever, is a
crank lever L (see figure 2), its lower end being secured to the journal M of the
feeding roller N. This feeding roller, gear O, and ratchet P, are loosely hung upon
the journal, and Q is a spring pawl suspended from the crank L, and engaging with
the ratchet P. The gear O engages with the gear R, which is secured to the shaft S
of the lower feeding roller T, this roller being also fixed to the shaft S and revolving
with it. Surrounding the roller N, and midway between its ends, is a small circular
flange U, (see Figures 1 and 3); and surrounding the roller T is a corresponding
corrugated flange V, both for a purpose hereinafter to be described.
The eccentric d on the shaft D, and the lever K are adapted, through the crank I,
pawl Q, and ratchet P, to impart an intermittent motion to the gears O and R and
rollers N and T, (see figures 1, 2 and 8).
Attached to the opposite end of the lever K from the ring e, is a link or rod W,
and at the opposite end of this rod is pivoted a crank lever ✗; to the lower end of
this crank is secured a horizontal shaft Y, having a spring finger Z suspended from
the same, in a longitudinal line with the flanges U and V on the feeding rollers. The
lower end of this finger Z is kept by its spring against the bottom of the trough or
guide A', and receives an alternate or reciprocating motion through the shaft Y,
crank X, and rods W and K.
B' is a pulley attached to the shaft C³, which receives a reverse motion from that
of the other shafts and pulleys of the machine, either by means of a cross belt or
intermediate gearing from the power which drives the machine, (see Figures 2 and 3).

page_text: At the opposite end of the shaft C to the pulley B2 is a wheel D' having an arched
projection E' extending beyond the periphery of the wheel; and back of this wheel
on the shaft C, is a bevel gear F1, which engages with another bevel gear G₁ on the
shaft H. The cutting mechanism I', kl, (figures 4 and 11) is at the opposite end of
the machine from the sewing mechanism, and the cutters and the fraine I, which
supports them, are suspended from the standards I' by pivoted hangers J¹, which are
eccentrically and loosely hung upon the shaft K. There are three knives or cutters
attached to the frame I¹; one long one k, adjustably and removably secured by screws
to the front of I, and extending a little below the same, and two smaller knives 1 1,
which join the knife k at right angles. These knives 1 (figure 11) are adjustably
and removably attached to a block by screws, which block is fixed to the frame 1.
Below the cutters k, l, 1, are the fixed metal strips m n, which are in such a position
that when the cutters descend they will pass the strips so as to make shearing cuts in
the tube, the knife k severing the tube transversely, and the knives making
longitudinal slits in the end of the made cover, (see Figures 4, 14, and 18). The
long knife for cutting off the covers may be used with or without the smaller
knives as desired.
Motion is transmitted to the shaft K' through the wheel L' in the following
manner. The wheel or pulley L" receives its motion by means of a belt or gearing
from the original motive power, and it is loosely hung upon the shaft K¹, so it can
revolve independently of said shaft. On the inner portion of the wheel, and adjacent
to the shaft K' is a ratchet K³, in which a pawl M¹, which is pivoted on the shaft K¹,
is adapted to engage. (See Figures 1, 2 and 10). When the pawl is in engagement
with the ratchet, the shaft K' will revolve with the wheel, for they will be locked
together; but when the pawl is released from the ratchet, the wheel L' will revolve
alone. N¹ is a long upright lever, having a horizontal arm 0' at its upper end, which
is adapted to support and hoder the pawl. The lower end of the lever N₁ extends far
the pawl M, and P¹ is a spring which tends con-
tinually to bear this arm
enough down to be acted upon by an eccentric pin or projection Q¹ on the inner
surface of the wheel D', (see figures 1 and 12).
R' is a small lever, which is fulcrumed to the bed frame A in front of the cutters,
(by an adjustable thumb-screw R2), which is adapted to slide either forward or
backward in a slot ³, and be secured at varying distances beyond the cutters ;
S is a rod or link, which is adjustably attached to the outer arm of the lever R¹, by
means of a pivotal post S2, through the upper end of which passes transversely the
rod S¹, which is retained at any desirable point by a thumb-screw s³. This rod
extends longitudinally with the machine, and to its inner end is pivoted an upright
lever T', which has at its lower end, a projection or notch U', (see figures
1, 3 and 4).
At the outer end of the shaft H¹, is a crank V, and this is connected with a link
or rod W, the other end of which is attached to a sliding board or block X¹, which is
adapted to slide back and forth in a trough or box Y. Z (figures 4 and 13) is a
vertical board or stop in the trough, for a purpose hereinafter to be described.
An alarm mechanism for sounding, when a certain number of covers have been
made and packed, is constructed as follows:-Pivoted to the link S¹ (figure 1), is a
link or rod 1, at the opposite end of which is pivoted a small lever 2, having a pawl,
which operates the ratchet 3; on the shaft which supports the ratchet, is a small
gear which engages with the larger gear 4, and on the face of this gear, are eccentric
pins 5. A bell 6 is fixed a slight distance beyond the gear 4, and its spring hammer
is pivoted between the bell and the gear 5, and has a horizontal arm 7, projecting a
short distance over the surface of said gear.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The pulleys C, B2, and L' being
connected with the motive power as above described, and the adjustable lever R¹ being
secured by the thumb-screws R2 at the required distance, so that the cutter k will
sever the tube to give the cover the desired length, the ratchet K2 of the pulley L'
will be free from the pawl M³, so that the pulley L' will revolve alone; and the

page_text: pulley B² will be locked by means of the projection E¹ on the wheel D¹, and the
notch U¹ on the lever T', thus allowing the belt encircling said pulley B² to slip.
The paper, wood fibre or other material to be made into bottle covers, being in a
continuous strip or roll, is fed by the operator into the large end of the former I, so
that the material will encircle the arm G, and its edges lap over each other, over the
arm G, and under the presser foot H of the sowing machine. The edges of the
material will then be sewed together, and the sewed tube 9 will then pass in a flattened
state between the feed rolls N and T, the corrugated and plain flanges U and V will
hold the tube firmly, the alternate revolution of the rolls, by means of the mechanism
above described, will feed the flattened tube towards the cutters; the reciprocating
finger Z will also assist in the feeding operation. The material or tube will then pass
under the cutters and beyond them, until the end of the tube strikes against the
lever R¹ and pushes it outward far enough to free the projection U₁ of the lever T¹
from the projection E on the wheel D'; this wheel will then be unlocked and free to
revolve. The eccentric projection Q1 on the wheel D¹ up to this time has been
quietly resting against the lower part of the lever N'. The wheel D¹ will revolve, the
projection Qwill force the lever N¹ and its arm O' from under the pawl M', allowing
it to drop into the ratchet K*; the shaft K' will then be temporarily fixed to the
pulley L, and will revolve with said pulley and thus cause the hangers J¹ and the
cutters to descend. The bottle covers will then be complete, with their longitudinal
slits, and also cut off at regular lengths corresponding with the distance that the
lever R is attached beyond the cutters. As each wrapper is cut off, it falls into a
box or trough Y¹, and is then, by means of the gears FG, shaft H', crank V¹, link W¹
and block X, pushed sideways from the machine, and packed regularly. The vertical
board Zis fixed in the trough or box in such a position that it will act as a stop to
the progress of the wrappers, and will assist in arranging and keeping thein in a
uniform and regular pile.
Every time the rod S' is pushed backward, by the completed wrapper, the link 1 will
also be pushed back, and the lever 2 likewise go backward, and slide the pawl over
one or more teeth of the ratchet 3. When the rod S¹ returns to its normal position
forward, it will also carry the link 1 and lever 2 with it, the pawl will engage with
the teeth of the ratchet 3, and cause it to revolve a short distance as well as the small
gear, the large gear will then revolve in the opposite direction. This operation will
be repeated every time a wrapper is cut off and packed, until one of the pins 5 strikes
against the arm 7 of the striking hammer, a continued revolution of the gear 4 will
push down the arm 7, thus raising the hammer, and as soon as the pin 5 has passed
this arm, the hammer will be released, and strike the bell, and thus notify the operator
that a certain number of wrappers have been made and packed. As soon as the
projection E on the wheel D¹ has passed the lever T₁, and the eccentric Q' has passed
the lever N¹, the arm O' will return under the pawl M¹, release it from the ratchet K³,
and the latter will revolve alone. The operation of the machine is then repeated.
Instead of the cutting mechanism being connected to the bed frame of the machine,
and operating as above described, it may be disconnected from the rest of the
mechanism and work independently of it, as shown in Figure 13.
In this case the following mechanism is substituted for all the mechanism beyond
the feed rolls N and T, and is mounted on a separate frame or table 8. Two additional
feed rolls 9 and 10 are placed a short distance in advance of the cutters so as to feed
the material to them, and these rolls 9 and 10 are operated in a somewhat similar
manner to the rolls N and T.
At the end of the frame 8 nearest to the rolls N and T is supported a horizontal
transverse shaft 11, at one end of which is a cone pulley 12, which receives motion
directly by a belt from the main power. A little back of this pulley 12, on the
shaft 11, is a pinion 13, which engages with the gear 14 on the horizontal shaft 15.
On the other end of the shaft 15 (and on the opposite side of the table from the
gear 14)
is secured a crank 16, having a T-shaped groove 17, in cross-section, for a purpose
hereinafter to be described. Back of this crank on the shaft 15 is secured a disk 18,

page_text: having an eccentric pin or projection 19 upon its surface. Secured to the shaft 15'
back of the disk 18, is an eccentric 20, similar to the eccentric d in Figs. 1, 2, and 8.
The ring of this eccentric is attached to an arm 21, which is connected to a lever 22
for a purpose hereinafter explained.
The rolls 9 and 10 are similarly mounted to the rolls N and T, the upper roll 9 has
a gear 23 upon its shaft 24, which engages with the large gear 25 on the shaft 26 of
the lower roll 10; on the same shaft 26 is a pinion 27, which engages with the
gear 28, which is loosely hung upon the shaft 29, as is also the ratchet 30.
Instead of the lever Ñ¹ extending down below the table, as shown in Figure 1, it is
shortened and its lower end has pivoted to it a long arm 31, with a slot 32 in its
opposite end. 33 is an upright lever pivoted at the end of the frame or table 8,
farthest from the cutters, with an adjusting bolt 34 at its upper end, which is adapted
to pass through the slot 32, and be secured at any position within said slot. The
lower arm 35 of the lever 33 extends over the face of the disk 18, so that the pin 19
may strike against said lower arm 35.
Secured to the end of the shaft 29, over the ratchet 30, is a crank 36, to the upper
end of which is pivoted the spring pawl 37. A little below said pawl, is pivoted
to the crank 36, an arm 38, to the other end of which is secured a crew bolt 39, with
an adjustable nut. The head of this bolt is adapted to fit in the T-shaped groove of
the crank 16, and the nut is adapted to secure the bolt at any position along said
groove. The lever 22, before referred to, is pivoted at 40 below the table 8, and to
its lower end is pivoted a long arm 41, to the opposite end of which is pivoted the
sliding block X₁ of the packing box Y¹. This box and the connecting mechanism
differs from that heretofore described and shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, as it extends
longitudinally in front of the machine, and the wrappers are adapted to be packed on
end.
42 represent flat springs or pieces of metal secured at one end to each side of
the box Y, and bent slightly outward at their free ends; these are for the purpose
of retaining the wrappers in place, after they have been packed, and prevent them
from falling down. The arm 1 of the alarm mechanism may be connected to the
arm 31, or it may be connected to the upper arm of the lever 33. The operation of
this striking mechanisin will be the same as heretofore described.
The operation is as follows:-
-
The material having entered between the rollers 9 and 10, the lever 36 and pawl 37
are carried to the right through the instrumentality of pulley 12, pinion 13, gear 14,
shaft 15, crank 16, and arm 38, and the pawl in its journey carries with it the ratchet,
with which it is in engagement; this movement of the ratchet carries also the gear 28,
which turns the pinion 27 in the opposite direction, as well as the roller 10. The
roller 9 is revolved in a reverse direction at the same time, through the instrumentality
of the gears 25 and 23, and this revolution of the feed rollers in reverse directions
from each other feeds the material forward to the cutters. The position of the parts,
in Figure 13, show the feeding of one time almost completed and the pawl and ratchet
almost at the end of their journey to the right. The eccentric pin 19 on the disk 18,
will at this stage have just begun to bear against the lower arm of lever 33. A little
further revolution of the disk 18 will, through the lever 33, rod 31 and lever N¹,
release the pawl M', and thus bring the cutters into operation, as heretofore described.
A little further revolution of the disk 18 will carry the pin 19 beyond the lever 33,
when the latter, as well as the lever N¹, will be forced back by the spring P1, as
herein before described. The cut packing will fall down end wise into the box Y¹, and
the eccentric 20, through the arm 21, lever 22 and arm 41, will slide the block X¹
forward, up against the wrappers, and thus pack them in the box; the springs or
pieces of metal 42 will keep the wrappers from falling back. The above operation is
then repeated.
By adjusting the bolt 39 at different points along the T-shaped groove of the
crank 16, different lengths of feed are attained, the higher it is adjusted, the longer
the feed and the wrapper, but at whatever point said bolt is adjusted and secured, the
feed will be always the same and the wrappers cut all the same length until the

page_text: position of the bolt is changed; for the pawl 37 and ratchet 30 will travel to the right
to the end of the right stroke of the crank 16, and when the crank 16 and pawl 37
travel to the left, the latter will slide over the teeth of the ratchet, to its former
position. The face of the crank 16 may be marked off and graded, if desired, to
correspond with the wrappers to be cut at certain lengths. The slot 32 in the rod 31
and the screw bolt 34 on the lever 33, is for the purpose of regulating the time at
which the arm O' of lever N¹ will release the pawl M¹.
43 represents my improved packing as composed of embossed or indented paper,
or it may be of wood fibre or any other suitable material of a springy or yielding
surface. The edges to be connected together are sewed or stitched with thread or
fine wire, as indicated by 44, Figures 14, 15 and 16.
The sewing or stitching is effected by machinery adapted for the purpose, such as
that above described, by means of which the edges of the casing can be secured
together and extended to any indefinite length, and the same can be cut to form
casings of any desired size.
Instead of securing the edges together by sewing or stitching in a continuous
line, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, wire stitches separated and inserted at intervals,
may be used, as shown at 45, Figures 18 and 19.
This can also be readily and rapidly effected by means of machinery adapted to
the purpose.
The packing shown in Figure 14 is folded flat after the edges have been secured
together and slits 46 are then made at one end as shown.
The portions thus separated form flaps which are turned under or bent at right
angles to form a bottom for the casing as shown in Figure 17, upon which the enclosed
bottle 'rests.
Similar slits may be made in the upper end of the packing for protection of the
upper part of the bottle, if required.
The packing may be left open at both ends if required, and the principal feature of
my invention consists in the method of securing together the joining edges of the
packing as above described.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to all the specific details of the
machine as above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. A machine for manufacturing covers or wrappers for bottles, &c., out of a
strip or strips of paper, wood fibre or other suitable material, consisting in a guide
for forming the strip into a tube, sewing mechanism for stitching the edges of the
tube together, and mechanism for flattening said stitched tube, and feeding it to be
further operated upon, substantially as described.
2nd. A machine for manufacturing covers or wrappers for bottles, &c., out of a
strip or strips of paper, wood fibre or other suitable material, consisting in a
guide for forming the strip into a tube, sewing mechanism for stitching the
edges of the tube together, mechanism for feeding said stitched tube, and
mechanism for cutting the tube transversely into any lengths desired, all substantially.
as described.
3rd. A machine for manufacturing wrappers or covers for bottles, &c., out of a
strip or strips of paper, wood fibre or other suitable material, consisting in a guide
for forming the strip into a tube, sewing mechanism for stitching the edges of the
tube together, mechanism for feeding said stitched tube, and mechanism for cutting
the tube transversely into any length desired, and also slitting the ends of the cut
lengths, all substantially as described.
4th. A machine for manufacturing wrappers or covers for bottles, &c., out of a
strip or strips of paper, wood fibre or other suitable material, consisting of a guide
for forming the strip into a tube, sewing mechanism for stitching the edges of the

page_text: tube together, mechanism for feeding said stitched tube, and adjustable mechanism
for cutting the tube into varying lengths, all substantially as described.
5th. A machine for manufacturing wrappers or covers for bottles, &c., out of a
strip or strips of paper, wood fibre, or other suitable material, consisting in a guide
for forming the strip into a tube, sewing mechanism for stitching the edges of the
tube together, mechanism for feeding said tube, mechanism for cutting the tube
into any lengths desired, and mechanisin for packing the cut lengths, all substantially
as described.
6th. A machine for manufacturing wrappers or covers for bottles, &c., out of a
strip or strips of paper, wood fibre or other suitable material, consisting in a guide
for forming the strip into a tube, sewing mechanism for stitching the edges of the
tube together, mechanism for foeding said tube, mechanism for cutting the tube
into any length desired, mechanism for packing the cut lengths, and an automatic
alarm, which will sound when a certain number of lengths have been cut, all
substantially as described.
7th. The cutter for severing the tube into short lengths and slitting one end of
the same, consisting in a vertically movable frame having a knife extending longi-
tudinally below the frame, and shorter knives also extending below the frame, and
meeting the longitudinal knife at right angles, in combination with fixed strips of
metal attached below the knives in such a position that when they descend,
they will slide past the metal strips so as to make shearing cuts, substantially as
described.
r",
8th. The combination of the pulley C; lever n³, rod 0, crank p, shaft
9, crank
and sliding rod 9, all substantially as described and operating as set forth.
9th. In combination, the pulley I having the ratchet K³, the shaft K¹ to which
the cutters are suspended, and pawl M', and the automatic mechanism for bringing
the pawl into operation with the ratchet, all substantially as described and operating
as set forth.
10th. In combination, the pulley L' having the ratchet K, the shaft K' and cutters
suspended to same, the pawl M', lever N¹, projection 0', rod 31, lever 33, disk 18
and pin 19, all operating substantially as described.
11th. The mechanism for regulating the length of the cut tube, substantially as
described, in combination with the disk 18, pin 19, lever 33, rod 31, lever N',
projection O, shaft K', pawl M³, pulley L' and ratchet K³, all operating substantially
as described.
12th. In combination, the shaft 15, crank 16, rod 38, crank 36, pawl 37, ratchet 30,
gear 28, pinion 27, shaft 26, roller 10, gears 25 and 23, shaft 24 and roller 9, alí
operating substantially as described, to feed the material to the cutters.
13th. The combination of the feeding mechanisin, consisting of the shaft 15,
crank 16, rod 38, crank 36, pawl 37, ratchet 30, gear 28, pinion 27, gears 25 and 23
and rolls 9 and 10, with the mechanism for operating the cutters, consisting of the
disk 18, pin 19, lever 33, rod 31, lever N', projection 01, shaft K', pawl M', pulley L',
and ratchet K2, all operating substantially as shown and described.
14th. The mechanism for packing the cut wrappers, consisting of the shaft 15,
eccentric 20, connecting rod 21, lever 22, rod 41, sliding block X¹, and box Y¹, all
operating substantially as described.
15th. The packing box Y having the sliding block or board X', vertical stop Z¹,
and the metal pieces 42, all substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
16th. In combination, the shaft 15, disk 18, pin 19, lever 33, rod 31, and lever N',
for bringing the cutters into operation, eccentric 20, rod 21, lever 22, rod 41, sliding
block and box Y₁, all operating substantially as described.
17th. In combination, the shaft 15, crank 16, rod 38, crank 36, pawl 37, ratchet 30),
gear 28, pinion 27, gears 25 and 23, and rolls 9 and 10,-disk 18, pin 19, lever 33,
rod 31, and lever N, for bringing the cutters into operation, eccentric 20, rod 21,
lever 22, rod 41, sliding block X' and box Y¹, all operating substantially as described
and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: 18th. The improved machine as hereinbefore described and represented in the
accompanying drawings.
19th. As a new article of manufacture, suitable for cutting up to make casings
of any desired length for packing bottles, &c., a continuous tube made of embossed
or indented fibrous material as set forth, and having its edges stitched together, as
described.
20th. A packing for bottles, &c., consisting of embossed or indented fibrous
material as set forth, and having its edges stitched together, as described.
21st. A packing for bottles, &c., consisting of embossed or indented fibrous
material as set forth, having its edges stitched together, and also having one or both
of the ends slitted as shown, and for the purposes described.
Dated this Seventeenth day of May 1887.
JACOB MURRAY BAKER.
G. F. Redfern,
4, South Street, Finsbury,
Agent.