A NEW AND IMPROVED COMPOSITION OF LUBRICATING OIL OR MATTER
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gedge, of No. 11, Wellington
Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the
Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED COMPOSITION OF LUBRICATING OIL
OR MATTER."-A communication from abroad by Emile Honoré, of
Brussels, Belgium, Manufacturer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Gedge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 26th May 1875.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED COMPOSITION OF LUBRI-
CATING OIL OR MATTER," a communication to me from abroad by Emile
Honoré, of Brussels, Belgium, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to remedy the three great defects
) which characterize lubricating oils, and which consist,—

page_text: 2º. In their holding in suspension hard and resinous matters.
3°. In their absorbing dust and forming gome ("cambouis ").
To remedy the first defect it is proposed to add a volatile substance
which will render them cooling, ether for example.
For the second it is proposed to add an oxygenated oil, particularly
dissolvant, and from its cheapness preference is given to oil of lavender,
obtained from the lavendula spica.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Gedge in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th November 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
Edward GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Gedge,
Her special licence that I, the said William Edward Gedge, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Edward Gedgo, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Islo
of Man, an Invention for " A NEW AND IMPROVED COMPOSITION OF Lubricating
OIL OR MATTER,” a communication to me from abroad by Emile Honoré,
of Brussels, Belgium, Manufacturer, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Edward Gedge, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of

page_text: their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Gedge, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
.
The object of this Invention is to remedy the three great defects
which characterize lubricating oils and matters, and which are,—
No. 1. The oils and fatty matters become heated by the working of
the machines, heat the machines themselves, and by the expansion of
the metals break the uniformity of motion indispensable to the proper
3 working of a mechanical engine.
No. 2. Lubricating oils mostly, if not always, hold in suspension fatty
matters, perhaps often resinous, but in any case hard or too solid to
serve for lubrication, which they hinder from their tendancy to dry and
form a paste.
No. 8. These same oils of commerce, supposing them to be pure and
free from the defects or disadvantages above mentioned, absorb the dust
produced in all workshops and form therewith a "gome," which their
adipose nature cannot eliminate.
To remedy the defect No. 1. A very volatile substance is added to the
oils upon the physico chemical principle that evaporation results in
great coolness, the lubricating oils and fatty matters of this Invention
being thus rendered sufficiently cooling to avoid the expansion of
bearings, plumber blocks, pivots, pistons, or any other piece of
mechanism submitted to friction or sliding. As a type of volatile
substance I will mention ether, but not as confining myself to its use,
inasmuch as this first part of this Invention is based upon the use of
any known volatile body.
To remedy defect No. 2. This presented more difficulty than
No. 1; it was necessary to find a particular dissolvent, one not apper-
taining either to alcohols oP to mineral oils which, as herein after

page_text: -
explained, have another part to play in this improved composition.
And this has been found in the oxygenated oils, which are particularly
dissolvent, and that to which preference is given by reason of its
efficaciousness and its cheapness is lavender oil.
To prevent confusion I would hero observe that two kinds of lavender
oil are known to commerce; one, extracted from the flowers of the
"lavandula vera (of "Candole") termed female lavender or English
lavender, is exclusively used in perfumery and is much too dear to be
used for the purpose of this Invention. The other, extracted from tho
leaves and the flowery top of the lavandula spica ("Linnacus") termed
great lavender, male lavender, or spikenard, sells at a very low rate, is
unsuitable for good perfumery, and is known as spike oil. It is this
quality of oil of lavender which I give as a type of the oxygenatod oils
which I use.
To remedy the defects or disadvantages attending the uso for
lubrication of natural or manufactured oil as set forth, No. 3. Thisis
more simple than the preceding, and is effected by promoting an
automatic cleansing destroying the "gome" as it forms. The mineral oils
above mentioned fulfil this purpose admirably, and it is these oils, taking
petroleum as a type, which complete the composition which I add to
lubricating oils and fatty matters to attain the object of this Invention,
that is to say, an oil or fatty matter cooling, limpid, antifouling, and
productive of great economy.
•
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention
communicated to me as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is or
may be performed, I desire it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to any proportions in the composition of lubricating oils or fatty
matters according to this Invention, as such will necessarily vary with
the nature of the oil or fatty matter to be heated and the quality of the
ingredients used, nor, as aforesaid, do I confine myself to the use of the
matters specially named as types using any matter possessing the same
qualities, and that what I claim as secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is, the use of lubricating oils or fatty
matters composed substantially as herein-before set forth, that is to say,
to which are added a volatile substanco to prevent heating, an
oxygenated oil to render the oil or futty matter limpid, and a mineral

page_text: oil to prevent the formation of gome in the working parts of
machinery.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Gedge, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.