A NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS FOR UTILIZING WASTE HEAT AND FOR CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE POR DRAWING OFF AND CONSUMING NOXIOUS GASES OR VAPOURS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Fox Logan, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MEANS FOR UTILIZING WASTE HEAT AND FOR CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IS
ALSO APPLICABLE POR DRAWING OFF AND CONSUMING NOXIOUS GASES OR
VAPOURS."
Sealed the 20th May 1870, and dated the 10th December 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Fox Logan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th December 1869.
I, GEORGE Fox LOGAN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
OR IMPROVED MEANS FOR UTILIZING WASTE HEAT AND FOR CONSUMING SMOKE,
WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR DRAWING OFF AND CONSUMING NOXIOUS GASES OB
VAPOURS," to be as follows, that is to say :-

page_text: smoke to a greater or less extent is consumed, and which means may
also be applied for withdrawing gases or noxious vapours from sewers or
other places wherein they accumulate, consists in the employment of
one or more pipes, tubes, or passages of a syphon or other form.
For the sake of simplicity in the succeeding part of this Specification
one such pipe, tube, or passage is referred to, it being understood that
any other number of such pipes, tubes, or passages may be applied
according to the conditions attending each application.
The pipe, tube, or passage is placed in the flue, chimney, smoke box,
or other cavity which receives the waste products of combustion of the
furnace, and when used for economising fuel and burning the smoke one
end of the pipe, tube, or passage passes to the outside of the flue,
chimney, smoke box, or other cavity, and is therefore in direct com-
munication with the atmosphere, whilst the inner end of the pipe,. tube,
or passage communicates with the furnace proper in such position as to
discharge the air passing in through it at a point where it enters into
admixture with the heated smoke and unburnt products passing from
the furnace, and the air being heated on its progress through the pipe,
tube, or passage reaches the smoke and unburnt products in a heated
state, so that the combustion of the latter is ensured. In some cases it
may be necessary to employ a steam jet or an air jet to render the
current of air through the pipe, tube, or passage sufficiently powerful.
When the pipe, tube, or passage herein-before set forth is used for
drawing off noxious gases from sewers or other places its outer end is so
placed that the noxious gases may be drawn into it and discharged into
a fire whereby they are consumed.
As constituting this Invention, and as novel and original, it is
not intended to claim the admixture of heated air with the smoke
and unburnt products escaping from furnaces, or the consumption of
noxious gases by passing them through burning fuel, but it is intended
to claim the means by which these results are effected, as herein-before
described, and consisting in the placing of syphon or other shaped pipes,
tubes, or passages in the flues, chimneys, smoke box, or other cavity
receiving the waste products of combustion from the furnace.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Fox Logan in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th June 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
Fox LOGAN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of December, in the year
of our Lord Oue thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the 33d
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said George Fox Logan, Her special license that I,
the said George Fox Logan, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said George Fox Logan, my executors adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS
FOR UTILIZING WASTE HEAT AND FOR CONSUMING SMOKE. WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE
FOR DRAWING OFF AND CONSUMING NOXIOUS GASES OR VAPOURS," проц the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Fox Logan, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Fox Logan, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
Bay:
My said Invention, which relates to improvements in means employed
in connection with furnaces generally, whereby fuel is economised and
smoke to a greater or less extent is consumed, and which means may
also be applied for withdrawing gases or noxious vapours from sewers,

page_text: ships' holds, berths, buildings, houses, or other places wherein they
accumulate, consists in the employment of one or more pipes, tubes, or
passages of a syphon or other form.
For the sake of simplicity in the succeeding part of this Specification
one such pipe, tube, or passage is referred to, it being understood that
any other number of such pipes, tubes, or passages may be applied
according to the conditions attending each application.
The pipe, tube, or passage is placed in the flue, chimney, smoke box,
or other cavity which receives the waste products of combustion of the
furnace, and when used for economising fuel and burning the smoke one
end of the pipe, tube, or passage passes to the outside of the flue,
chimney, smoke box, or other cavity, and is therefore in direct com-
munication with the atmosphere, whilst the inner end of the pipe, tube,
or passage communicates with the furnace proper in such position as to
discharge the air passing in through it at a point where it enters into
admixture with the heated sinoke and unburnt products passing from
the furnace, and the air being heated in its progress through the pipe,
tube, or passage reaches the smoke and unburnt products in a heated
state, so that the combustion of the latter is ensured. In some cases it
I may be necessary to employ a steam jet or an air jet to render the
current of air through the pipe, tube, or passage sufficiently powerful.
When the pipe, tube, or passage herein-before set forth is used for
drawing off noxious gases from sewers, ships' holds, berths, buildings,
houses, or other places its outer end is so placed that the noxious
gases may be drawn into it and discharged into a fire whereby they are
consumed.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I
now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner
in or under which the same is or may be used or practically carried into
effect, that is to say,-
At Figure 1, on Sheet 1, my said Invention is shown applied to the
furnace of an ordinary outside flue boiler A, and it consists in placing
one or more pipes, tubes, or passages B of the form or approximately of
the form shown in such a position that one of the ends of each such
pipe, tube, or passage projects through the side of the chimney or stalk C,
and consequently is in direct communication with the atmosphere,
whilst the other end is placed in or near the furnace D, so that the air.
entering, by the outer end of the tube B is heated in passing to the

page_text: In
oppisite end by the smoke and heated gases in the chimney C enveloping
the exterior surface, and on issuing from such opposite or inner ends
the said heated air mixes with the unburnt gases there collected, and
supplying to them oxygen in a heated state ensures their more complete
combustion, lessening the quantity of smoke which would otherwise be
caused by the incomplete combustion of the gases, and thereby utilizing
a large portion of the heat which would otherwise escape as waste.
lieu of placing the furnace end of the tube or passage B in the position
shown in the Drawing, namely, at or behind the bridge E, it may be
carried (as shown in dotted lines on the Drawing) underneath the fire-
bars a, up the fire door end of the furnace D, and forming a curve at the
top of the furnace admit the air to the gases in a still hotter state than
when discharged at the bridge E; or the said tubes B may have the branch
shown in dotted lines in addition to the opening at the bridge E.
Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of a marine boiler A with my
Invention applied thereto. As in the case herein-before described the
tube or passage B is placed with one end projecting through the
chimney C, and passing down the chimney C enters the furnace D
above or near the fire door b. The action of the air in this modifi-
cation is similar to that in the herein before described modification, and
therefore need not be further specified.
At Figure 3 is represented a longitudinal section of a reheating, ball,
scrap, or puddling furnace A shewing the application of my Invention
thereto. In this as in the former cases the tube or passage B is placed
with one end projecting into the atmosphere through the side of the
chimney C, but the other end of the tube instead of passing along in the
interior of the furnace is carried (after having in the same manner, as
in the preceding Figures, proceeded up one side of the chimney C and
down the other side, as shown in the form of a syphon, in order to obtain
sufficient surface to heat the air passing through it) out through the
side of the chimney C opposite to that at which the air enters the tube
or passage B, and is conducted along the exterior of the roof or other
part of the furnace A, and part way down the end opposite to the
'Chimney C, where it enters the combustion chamber 1) and discharges
the heated air, which then mixes with the unburnt gases, whereby they
are more effectually consumed.
Figure 1, on Sheet 2, represents a vertical section of a blast furnace
or ordinary foundry cupola A having my Invention for utilizing waste

page_text: heat applied thereto, and it consists in placing a cylinder or box C
having a series of tubes fixed vertically in it over the opening at the
top of the cupola A. The lower ends of the tubes D are in direct com-
munication with the cupola, and their upper ends are open to the
atmosphere, so that the heated gases and products of combustion pass
through the tubes D into the atmosphere. In passing through the
tubes D the heated gases and products of combustion heat the air which
enters the box or cylinder C by the openings a, and this heated air
passes down the tubes or passages B into the twyer nozzles E, and is
thence carried into the cupola with the blast which enters from the blast
pipes F. The heated air on thus being carried into the cupola ensures
a more efficient action in it, and effects economy in the fuel by rege-
nerating a large portion of the heat, which in existing cupolas passes off
into the atmosphere and is wasted.
Figures 2 and 3 represent respectively a vertical section and plan of
a modification of the arrangement shown at Figure 1. The cold air
entering by the tubes or passages F passes into the chamber C, where it
is heated by the smoke and unburnt products of combustion escaping
from the cupola through the tubes or passages D fixed in the chamber C,
and passing thence down the tubes or passages B into the twyer nozzles
it is carried into the cupola, as herein before described with reference to
Figure 1 of this Sheet of Drawings.
In furnaces arranged with my Invention, as shown at Figures 1, 2,
and 3, on Sheet 1, and at Figures 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 2, a jet of steam
may or may not be introduced into the tubes or passages B to render
the current of air passing through them sufficiently energetic and
-effective.
:
Figure 4, Sheet 2, shews a section through the fire-grate of two
ordinary apartments of a house having that modification of my In-
vention applied which relates to the drawing off of noxious gases,
vapours, or impure air from places where they accumulate. A tube or
passage A is placed over the fire-place against the wall, and has an
opening a preferably with a bell mouth, as shown, near the ceiling. The
lower end of the tube or passage A enters the chimney B by being
passed through the wall just above the chimney piece b, as shown,
or the tube or passage A may enter the chimney at any other suitable
part, and where it (the tube) is fixed to a perforated pipe or tube C
placed against the interior wall at right angles to the tube or passage A.

page_text: The noxious and heated gases, vapours, or impure air which collect in
the room pass into the tube A at the bell-mouth opening a, and thence
pass down the tube A into the perforated tube C, whence they are
discharged into the chimney B, being induced thereinto by the action of
the heat of the fire, or the perforated pipe or tube C and the draught in
the chimney.
The communication between the chimney and the tube
or passage A may when required be cut off by turning the handle of the
valve c in the necessary direction.
From what is herein set forth in reference to the modification last
described it will be understood that noxious gases may in the same
manner be drawn off from sewers, ships' holds, berths, buildings, houses,
or other places where they accumulate, and be discharged into a fire and
destroyed.
Figures 5 and 6, Sheet 2, are respectively a front elevation and side
elevation of an improved fire-grate constructed accordingly with my
Invention. The gases are drawn off from the apartment by means of a
tube or pipes so placed as to cause them to pass through the opening a
and a of the pipes or tubes A and A¹, and pass down these tubes A
and A into the boxes B at the back of the grate, whence they are
discharged. into the chimney by means of the valve D regulated by the
handle c, where they are consumed. This modification may also be used
for heating apartments by closing the valve D, when the air entering
by the openings a, a, of the tubes A, A', passes into the boxes B,
where it is heated, and the valve D being closed it passes through the
openings b, b, of the tubes A, A¹, whence it may be conducted to any
part of the apartment, or to a separate apartment, thereby constituting
a heating apparatus. When used as a heating apparatus the tubes A, A¹,
are carried to the outside of the house or building, and fresh air is
thereby caused to pass through the tubes. The surface of the front
plate d of the grate is preferably of a corrugated form in order to increase
the surface for discharging the heat.
It is to be understood that in carrying out my Invention, whether it
be applied to boilers, furnaces, cupolas, or fire-grates already in existence,
or for withdrawing noxious gas, vapours, or impure air from ships' holds,
buildings, houses, sewers, or other places, or to boilers, furnaces, cupolas,
or fire-grates newly constructed, any number of the pipes, tubes, or
passages herein-before referred to may be employed.

page_text: It is further to be understood that the apparatus herein-before
described and shown on the appended Sheets of Drawings is applicable
to furnaces other than those herein-before set forth, such, for example,
as furnaces for heating ship and boiler plates.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may be used
or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what
I consider novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
use and application of any required number of pipes, tubes, or passages
in connection with the furnaces of boilers and other furnaces and
fire-grates; also the application of such pipes, tubes, or passages for
withdrawing noxious gases, vapours, and impure air, substantially as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Fox Logan, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of June One thousand
eight hundred and seventy.
GEORGE F. LOGAN. (L.S.)