Improvements in Motors Actuated by Water under Pressure.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 25th Nov.,
1899
Improvements in Motors Actuated by Water under Pressure.
I, ADOLF HEIN, of 126, Gräbscher Strasse, of Breslau, in the Province of Silesia,
German Empire, Surveyor and Geometer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The present application has for its object to provide a motor working by hydraulic
pressure, which motor shall form a combination of the principles employed in the
steam engine and in the gas-motor with the important differences that the medium
employed for producing the power needs no special preparation as heating etc., but
that the pure cold water is used to transform the power into work.
For this purpose my cylinders of particular form are arranged in a tank into which is
conducted a water-column which in conformity with its weight gives a corresponding
high water-pressure.
The cylinders are automatically closed and reopened by means of devices which
essentially are known, so that a quantity of water corresponding to the volume of the
cylinder and to the water pressure subsequently enters the one or the other cylinder,
and compresses the air contained therein, whereby owing to the expansion of the
compressed air motion is given to the piston.
No coal-fire or gas is needed to bring the machine into action, but it is only
necessary to provide a corresponding water-column, the pressure of which in
combination with the compressed air within the cylinder forms the propulsion-power.
My invention will be more fully understood with reference to the annexed drawing
in which my arrangement is clearly represented, and in which:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through my machine,
Figure 2 is a top-view of the distribution mechanism,
Figure 3 is a top-view of the crank-axle,
Figures 4 & 5 are detail views.
It is advantageous to provide the machine with two cylinders. Both cylinders A B
are arranged in a tank or receptacle a in such a way, that they repose with flanges b
upon the wall c of the receptacle a. For the sake of clearness I am going to describe
only one cylinder as the construction of both is completely the same.
The cylinder generally consists of an inner cylindrical casing which on its upper
extremity is completely closed. The lower extremity is open and provided with a
flange e. The casing d is surrounded by a mantle f, open at the top and the bottom
and provided on its upper extremity with a traverse g to which the movements are
communicated. The mantle ƒ forms a part of the distribution mechanism while the
other part is formed by the piston. The cylinder d above the separating wall c is
provided with apertures h which are closed and opened by the foresaid mantle. In
the inner cylinder works the piston &, the upper edge of which in its highest position
nearly reaches up to the apertures h. When the mantle f is raised, so that the
apertures h are open, the water enters the cylinder above the piston. The openings h
having a very small section in proportion to the wall of the tank a, the water
077

page_text: conforming to the high pressure will enter the cylinder with great rapidity, where-
by the air contained in the cylinder gets compressed. Immediately afterwards the
mantle closes again the apertures h. The cylinder d evidently cannot be filled with
water up to its top as the compressed air would not allow this. The compressed air
when expanding will effect the moving downwards of the piston which at this
movement liberates small slots & provided in the cylinder walls d through which slots
the compressed air mixed with water leaves the cylinder.
During the continuation of the descent of the piston, the water contained within
the cylinder completely leaves by openings and thence is conducted outside. After
the first cylinder is completely emptied the second cylinder starts to make the same
movement as before described while the first cylinder without resistance can be
brought again into the position it occupied before. Each piston is provided with a
piston rod m which by means of an intermediate piece is fixed to the beam o which
beam o by means of the crank o' with connecting rod p and a second crank pl
transmits the received motion forming the power onto the shaft g.
The tank a at a certain distance from the separating wall c is provided with
a second bottom c³, through which passes the piston rod m. In order to prevent
the coming into contact of the piston rod and the water, a socket m¹ of sufficient
height is provided upon which socket slides a second socket m² attached to the
piston. The distribution-mechanism is constructed as follows:-
As before mentioned the mantle f is provided with a traverse g having an
eye g¹. Into this eye grips a second intermediate piece g2 being in connection with
an angle-lever ; this angle-lever at is movably fixed to the rod traversing
the tank a and being fixed to its sidewalls.
The free extremity of the angle-lever directed upwards is influenced by a
fork & fixed to a rod 8¹. This rod s¹ at one side passes through the wall of the tank a
whereby the joint is effected in any suitable way by means of the stuffing box 8.
The rod is movably connected with the lever t, the free fulorumed extremity
engaging with a correspondingly formed extremity of an angle the latter being
rotatably fixed upon a traverse in the point &².
The form of the lever is clearly represented in Figure 4. With the horizontal
extremity of the lever engages a rod u attached with its free extremity to a
cam v. The form of the cam v and the casing v₁ surrounding this cam are novel
ones. The cain vis fixed to the main shaft g and is provided with a nose which
nose moves the casing 1 surrounding the cam v. It will be seen from the
drawing that the said nose when in a vertical position to the cam shaft q by means
of the rods ut, will move the angle piece or pieces, thereby raising the mantle f
when the latter will open the apertures h of the cylinder d. During the
continuation of the movement of the cam the mantle f drops down by its own
weight, as the nose wat one side is lying vertically to the cam-disc, as will be seen
from the drawing. At this descent of the mantle the apertures h h close
simultaneously.
A side-view of the cam is represented in Figure 5. It will be seen that the cam
casing is provided with side-slots y which slots allow the free movements. In the
absence of these slots the crank shaft 9 would not allow a movement of the
casing v¹.
To effect the stopping of the motor the lever has to be taken out of connection
with the angle-lever . By this manipulation the cam vstops to actuate the
distribution mechanism. The distribution mechanism of the 2nd cylinder needs no
special explanation because it is the same as the first one, only slight constructive
alterations have to be inade in order to guide the rod 8³.
No special explanation is needed as to the manner of acting of this new motor,
the foregoing specification giving all details. It will be evident that the power gets
increased when a larger quantity of water is conducted into the tank at.
The chief feature of my invention is that the power obtained is in proportion
much greater than the quantity of water used as only small quantities of water are
needed at each stroke which quantities eventually can be repumped into the tank a.

page_text: Another feature of my invention is that no explosions and no running hot of certain
parts of the machine are possible as everything that could run hot would be cooled
at once by the water.
Improvements in Motors Actuated by Water under Pressure.
I, ADOLF HEIN, of 126, Grabscher Strasse, of Breslau, in the Province of Silesia,
German Empire, Surveyor and Geometer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
The present application has for its object to provide a motor working by hydraulic
pressure, which motor shall form a combination of the principles employed in the
steam engine and in the gas-motor with the important differences that the medium
employed for producing the power needs no special preparation as heating etc., but
that the pure cold water is used to transform the power into work.
For this purpose my cylinders of particular form are arranged in a tank into which
is conducted a water-column which in conformity with its weight gives a
corresponding high-water pressure.
The cylinders are automatically closed and reopened by means of devices which
essentially are known, so that a quantity of water corresponding to the volume of the
cylinder and to the water pressure subsequently enters the one or the other cylinder,
and compresses the air contained therein, whereby owing to the expansion of the
compressed air motion is given to the piston.
No coal-fire nor gas is needed to bring the machine into action, but it is only
necessary to provide a corresponding water-column, the pressure of which in
combination with the compressed air within the cylinder forms the propulsion-
power.
My invention will be more fully understood with reference to the drawing filed
with the Provisional Application in which iny arrangement is clearly represented,
and in which:
Fig. is a longitudinal section through my machine,
Fig. 2 is a top-view of the distribution mechanisın,
Fig. 3 is a top-view of the crank-axle,
Fige. 4 & 5 are detail views.
It is advantageous to provide the machine with two cylinders. Both cylinders A B
are arranged in a tank or receptacle a in such a way, that they repose with flanges b
upon the wall c of the receptacle a. For the sake of clearness I am going to
describe only one cylinder as the construction of both is completely the same.
The cylinder generally consists of an inner cylindrical casing & which on its upper
extremity is completely closed. The lower extremity is open and provided with a
flange e. The casing d is surrounded by a mantle f, open at the top and the bottom
and provided on its upper extremity with a traverse y to which the movements are
communicated. The mantle ƒ forms a part of the distribution mechanism while the
other part is formed by the piston. The cylinder d above the separating wall c is
provided with apertures h which are closed and opened by the foresaid mantle. In
the inner cylinder works the piston i, the upper edge of which in its highest
position nearly reaches up to the apertures. . When the mantle f is raised,

page_text: so that the apertures h are open, the water enters the cylinder above the
piston. The openings having a very small section in proportion to the wall of the
tank a, the water conforming to the high pressure will enter the cylinder with great
rapidity, whereby the air contained in the cylinder gets compressed, immediately
afterwards the mantle ƒ closes again the apertures h. The cylinder d evidently cannot
be filled with water up to its top as the compressed air would not allow this. The
compressed air when expanding will effect the moving downwards of the piston i
which at this movement liberates small slots provided in the cylinder walls through
which slots the compressed air mixed with water leaves the cylinder.
During the continuation of the descent of the piston, the water contained within
the cylinder completely leaves by openings and thence is conducted outside. After
the first cylinder is completely emptied, the second cylinder starts to make the
same movement as before described while the first cylinder without resistance can
be brought again into the position it occupied before. Each piston is provided
with a piston rod m which by means of an intermediate piece n is fixed to the
beam o, which beam o by means of the crank o¹ with connecting rod p and
a second crank pl transmits the received notion forming the power onto the
shaft g.
The tank a at a certain distance from the separating wall c is provided with a
second bottom c', through which passes the piston rod m.
In order to prevent.
the coming into contact of the piston rod and the water, a socket m¹ of sufficient
height is provided upon which socket slides a second socket m² attached to the piston.
The distribution-mechanism is constructed as follows:
As before mentioned the mantle is provided with a traverse g having an
eye gl. Into this eye grips a second intermediate piece g being in connection with
an angle-lever; this angle-lever at r¹ is movably fixed to the rod 2 traversing the
tank a and being fixed to its side-walls.
The free extremity of the angle-lever directed upwards is influenced by a fork 8
fixed to a rod 8¹. This rod s¹ at one side passes through the wall of the tank a
whereby the joint is effected in any suitable way by means of the stuffing box &º.
The rod is movably connected with the lever t, the free fulcramed extremity
engaging with a correspondingly formed extremity of an angle the latter being
rotatably fixed upon a traverse in the point t³.
The form of the lever t¹ is clearly represented in Figure 4.
With the horizontal
extremity of the lever t¹ engages a rod u attached with its free extremity to a
cam v. The form of the cam and the casing v² surrounding this cam are novel
ones. The canvis fixed to the main shaft q and is provided with a nose w which
nose w moves the casing v surrounding the can u. It will be seen from the
drawing that said nose when in a vertical position to the cam shaft g by means
of the rods ut 8 a will move the angle piece or pieces », thereby raising the
mantle f when the latter will open the apertures h of the cylinder d. During the
⚫ continuation of the movement of the cam v the mantle drops down by its own
weight, as the nose wat one side is lying vertically to the cam disc, as will be
seen from the drawing. At this descent of the mantle of the apertures close
simultaneously.
A side-view of the cam is represented in Figure 5. It will be seen that the cam
casing is provided with side-slots y which slots allow the free movements. In the
absence of these slots the crank shaft q would not allow a movement of the casing v².
To effect the stopping of the motor the lever t has to be taken out of connection
with the angle-lever t¹. By this manipulation the cam vstops to actuate the dis-
tribution mechanism. The distribution mechanism of the 2nd cylinder needs no
special explanation because it is the same as the first one, only slight constructive
alterations have to be made in order to guide the rod 8³.
No special explanation is needed as to the manner of acting of this new motor, the
foregoing specification giving all details. It will be evident that the power gets 5
increased when a larger quantity of water is conducted into the tank a.
The obief feature of my invention is that the power obtained is in proportion much

page_text: greater than the quantity of water used, as only small quantities of water are needed
at each stroke which quantities eventually can be repumped into the tank a.
Another feature of my invention is that no explosions and no running hot of
certain parts of the machine are possible as everything that could run hot would be
cooled at once by the water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a motor actuated by compressed air, a water-tank a having a double bottom
and filled with water, in combination with cylinders d d provided with water in- and
outlet-openings hk and l, a mantle f, a distribution-mechanism t¹t s¹ ar g² connect-
ing said mantle to a cam for the purpose as described.
2. In a motor actuated by compressed air, the combination of a tank a, with
cylinders d d surrounded by a mantle opening and closing subsequently, the water
inlet apertures h thereby effecting the entrance of the water into the cylinder, water-
outlets kl, a piston i being moved by the air compressed after the entrance of the
water into the cylinder, a piston-rod m attached to the piston i sliding in guide
sockets m¹, a beam o connected to the piston-rods m by intermediate pieces n and
transmitting the motion of the same by crank o¹ to the connecting- rod p and
crank pl and thence to the driving-shaft q, substantially as described.
3. In a motor actuated by compressed air, a mantle of surrounding the cylinders
and having a traverse g, an angle-lever r engaging with an eye g¹ of said traverse g,
a fork a fixed to rod s passing through the walls of the tank a and connecting the
angle-lever to the rod u by means of intermediate pieces rotatably connected
together, for the purpose as described.
4. In a motor actuated by compressed air, a cam v for regulating the action of the
mantles fa nose to moving the casing vl, a rod u for transmitting the motion by means
of intermediate pieces t t¹ to the angle-lever a, substantially as described.
Dated this 10th dex of Oatcher 1800
8,
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1, Broad Street Buildings London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.