CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESSES OR THE MODE OF PURIFYING OR PREPARING TURPENTINE, ROSIN, PITCH, TAR, AND OTHER BITUMINOUS MATTERS, WHEREBY I INCREASE THEIR POWER OF GIVING OUT LIGHT AND HEAT EITHER WHEN DISTILLED OR BURNT AS FUEL
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
WYE WILLIAMS, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman; send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourteenth day of August, in the second year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Wye Williams, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Charles Wye Williams, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Wye Williams, my
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and all Her Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PROCESSES OR THE MODE OF PURIFYING OR PREPARING TURPENTINE, ROSIN,
PITCH, TAR, AND OTHER BITUMINOUS MATTERS, WHEREBY I INCREASE THEIR POWER
OF GIVING OUT LIGHT AND HEAT EITHER WHEN DISTILLED OR BURNT AS FUEL;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Charles
Wye Williams, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particu-
larly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in

page_text: Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Wye Williams, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described in and by the following description thereof (that is to say):-
My Invention consists in a peculiar. mode of rendering the several bitu-
minous matters, as turpentine, rosin; pitch, tar, &c., more effective, when used
for the purpose of giving out either heat or light, by bringing such bitumens
into intimate contact with atmospheric air, in order that several of the gases
with which they are charged, and in particular the combination of ammoniacal
gas, known to be injurious in the processes of burning, for the production of
light or heat. In order to afford the best information for carrying my said
Invention into effect, I give the following description of the process or means
which I employ, namely, I place the bitumen to be purified in a large pan or
vessel over å fire, and when raised to near the boiling point I cause a second vessel,
shaped and pierced with numerous holes like a cullender, to descend into the
former, and,' when filled with the melted bitumen; to be raised suddenly a few
feet to allow the melted stuff to fall through in shower-like streams, by which,
in the act of dripping down and returning to the first-mentioned pan, the
melted materiál comes into extended contact with the atmosphere. The result
of which is; that a large portion of the ammonia and its combinations, and
other gases with which such bitumens are charged, are expelled or drawn off
by the atmosphere. This filtering or mixing process, by which the bitumen
and atmospheric air are so brought in contact, is to be kept going on until the
material has received the required extent of purification, and which operation
may be carried on as long as desired: "This process of lifting the bitumen, and
allowing it to fall through the cullender or other shaped vessels pierced full-of
holes, may be effected by mechanical means, or simply by hand utensils. The
temperature to which the bitumen must be brought should be about the
boiling point; but varying, of course; according to the kind of bitumen operated
on, and which a little practice will soon point out. While this process is going
on, I cause a strong current of atmospheric air to pass across the falling
portions, drops, or streams of the bitumen, by means of a fan or other well-
known mechanical means; the object being to cause a large admixture of air
with the bitumen in the act of falling or dripping down, and by which the
ammoniacal and other gases; which are very volatile, are passed off in great

page_text: quantities.. I do not intend to confine myself to bringing such bitumens to
any particular temperature, or to continue this filtering or mixing process for
any particular length of time, but intend to avail myself of any extent or con-
tinuance of this operation until the air has sufficiently acted on the bitumen;
with which it is thus mechanically brought into contact.
And whereas the process of purifying the various bitumens above described
has been practised by other persons, I make no claim to purifying such.
materials by any other means. But I do claim that mode of purifying the
same by agitation and mechanical admixture with atmospheric air, and for
the purpose of exposing extended surfaces of the bitumen to contact with
atmospheric air.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Wye Williams, have hereunto
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and think
CHA. W. WILLIAMS. (L.S.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of February, in
the second year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said
Charles Wye Williams came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chan-
cery, and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing
therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instru-
ment aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in
the fifty-fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Fourteenth day of February, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-nine.