matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER NECKED VESSELS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Shaw at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th July 1879.
HENRY SHAW, of No. 88, Wheeler Street, Aston, near Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Machinist and Tool Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES
AND OTHER NECKED VESSELS."
My Invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in bottles and
other necked vessels, the object of my said improvements being so to construct the
neck part of the bottle or vessel that the opening and closing of the bottle or vessel
are effected in a simple and efficient manner, the opening of the bottle or vessel, or
removal of the cork being effected without the use of a corkscrew, the cork is
consequently not injured on opening the bottle or vessel, and may be used many
times.
I will describe my Invention as applied to a bottle, but my said Invention is
equally applicable to all kinds of vessels having necks, such for example as carboys
and earthenware jars.
In constructing a bottle according to my Invention I make the neck by preference
of a slightly conical figure. The neck terminates in a tubular head either inclined
to the axis of the bottle or parallel thereto. The neck opens into the side of the
tubular head which latter is open both at top and bottom, and is of a size and shape
suitable for receiving the cork or stopper. When the cork is forced into the tubular
head it covers and closes tightly the opening of the neck, and the bottle is closed.
By depressing the cork in the tubular head the opening of the neck in the tubular
head is uncovered and liquid can be poured by inclining the bottle, the liquid passing
The tubular
from the neck into the tubular head, and out of the tubular head.
head is of somewhat less diameter at its middle than at its ends, so that the cork
is pressed tightly upon the opening of the neck by the contracted middle part of
the tubular head. As the pressure upon the cork is lateral, and this lateral pressure
is borne by the tubular head, there is no tendency to the expulsion of the cork by
any pressure in the bottle. On the side of the neck, and at a short distance below
the bottom of the tubular head is a stop or abutment for preventing the cork when
driven downwards for opening the bottle from being entirely removed from the
tubular head.

page_text: In order to open the bottle the cork is driven downwards in the tubular head by
means of a wooden plug or otherwise until-the-bottom-end-of-the cork-bears against
the stop or abutment described. The upper end of the cork is then below the
opening of the neck and liquid-may-be poured from the bottle. To close the bottle
the cock is driven upwards until.it:covers the opening in-the neck.
Bottles or other necked vessels-constructed according to my Invention may be
made of glass, earthenware, or other non-metallic material, and of metal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Thomas Tyndall, of Edinburgh, in the County
of Mid Lothian, Brass Founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAMPS."
Sealed the 4th May 1880, and dated the 10th November 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Thomas Tyndall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th November 1879.
FREDERICK THOMAS TYNDALL, of Edinburgh, in the County of Midlothian,
Brassfounder. IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS."
$5
This Invention refers more particularly to reading lamps for railway and other
carriages, but is also applicable to other descriptions of lamps.
As a candle lamp it is constructed with the ordinary spring containing a case for
carrying the candle, and this candle case is attached to a bracket or arm, at the
other end of which is an india rubber disc of a concave form, so that when it is
pressed against any smooth surface such as window glass or painted wood work it
holds by reason of the suction of the india rubber, so that the lamp may be attached
in any required position by the mere act of placing it there.
The lamp portion of the apparatus may be permanently attached to the bracket
or arm, or may be made separate and hung on to the arm by any suitable attach-
ment, or it may be hinged to the arm, but the arrangement I prefer is to attach it
by a spring hinge and to have a small catch upon the bottom of the lamp portion
letting into the bracket or arm, so that when out of use the bracket and lamp lie
side by side and pack in a small space, and when the catch is released the spring
hinge throws the lamp into position.
Lamps to burn any kind of oil or gas may be used. For gas lamps I should
use a jet attached to the bracket and the ordinary flexible tube to conduct the gas
to the apparatus.
Another part of my Invention is to attach a match box to the arm or bracket.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA- RATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR SECURING AND RETAINING WINDOW SASHES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Russ at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1879.
EDWIN RUSS, of Winchester, in the County of Hants. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR SECURING AND RETAINING WINDOW SASHES."
The object of this Invention is to afford a secure fastening for window sashes
while the same are wholly closed or partially open, so that windows when partially
open may if desired be wholly closed, but cannot without releasing the appliance
be further opened, and the shaking or rattling of the windows is at the same time
prevented.
The Invention in its simplest form consists of an eccentric disc mounted in a
bearing on a bracket secured to the lower window frame; the sashes are retained
and held in position by causing the disc to press against the top sash; by raising the
disc the sashes can be moved up or down as desired; with a simple eccentric I have
found it is difficult to operate same without actually touching the eccentric with
the fingers. According therefore to an arrangement which I prefer I mount a
weighted lever on a bracket standard secured to the top of the bottom window sash ;
the weighted end of the lever forms a disc shaped projection, which always has &
tendency to fall and to press against the top sash, and when it is in this position it
is impossible to move the top sash down, or the lower sash up, as the more you
attempt to open them, or either of them, the tighter it or they become jambed by
the wedge. The end opposite the weighted end has a projecting piece with cord
attached, so that by pulling the cord the weighted end is raised and the sash
released, or instead of the cord I provide simply a tail end to the weighted lever
for the finger or thumb to act on, and when the weighted end is raised, a spring
comes into operation and forces a stud against the lever, and there retains it until
released by the finger; or a spring may be under the lever to retain the same in
position when operated by thumb or tail piece, and when such spring is used a
hooked end instead of circular end may be applied if desired to the lever, and it
need not of necesity be weighted. The appliances may be fitted to the two sides, or
to one side only, or where there is a central beading it, the fastener, may be in the
middle, and the lever under such circumstances should be made of such form as to
grip the central beading.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Atkinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1879.
JOHN HENRY ATKINSON, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Mechanic.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of locks, keys,
and furniture.
In the lock the bolt or bar can remain inside the lock when the door is open,
which is an advantage, seeing that young children are often hurt by the protrusion
of the bar or bolt in the ordinary form of lock.
As in ordinary locks, so in mine, the bolt shoots into the casing in order to secure
the door when closed; the bolt or bar of lock in my improvement is made to shoot
further into the casing by the use of the night latch key of novel construction;
then the door key, also of novel construction, sends the bar or bolt a stage
further.
The spindle or square bar upon which the nob is secured is in my improvement
split, and when the screw is passed thro' the nob on to the bar the end of the screw
opens the split bar, and thus secures the nob on to the bar. The bar is passed thro'
the follower on squared centre of the lever of the lock which in the ordinary way
opens and shuts the door.
The nob on the other side of the door being secured as above described.
The latch key, with ordinary finger end terminating in circular form, with hole
up the centre and groove or slot across the end; this key is inserted into small
follower of night latch, which is a centred recess at the bar end of the lock, the slot
catching a pin in recess, and gives motion to a quadrant forming part of night latch
follower acting on the main bar.
The door key is of novel construction, with the exception of the finger end, which
is ordinary. The round shank of the key is slotted thro' almost from end to end.
Inside this slot is centred at the finger end a lever, which I call the key lever, upon
which is formed the grooves for the levers of the lock. This key lever is so formed
that it is when not in the lock entirely within the slot in shank of key. Over this
shank is a circular collar, which moves freely on the round shank of key. Thro'
this collar is passed a pin, which passes thro' key lever, upon which are the grooves
for levers of lock. The pin passes thro' a slot in the key lever, diagonally cut across
•

page_text: the longitudinal centre line of such lever. The movement of the collar backwards
or forwards puts the key lever within or without the key. This key is inserted in
the centred recess (key hole of ordinary lock), which is eccentric within the lock on
the collar. Being pressed against the centred recess, the grooves for levers of lock
strike thro' the recess of the centred eccentric, acting upon the bolt or bar and the 5
levers or catches of the lock.
.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF MATRICES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTROTYPES AND STEREOTYPES USED IN TYPE PRINTING, WHEREBY THE OPERATION OF SETTING UP TYPE MAY BE DISPENSED WITH
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Duncan Mac Dougald at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1879.
GEORGE DUNCAN MAC DOUGALD, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North
Britain, Fellow of the Chemical Institute. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF MATRICES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTROTYPES AND STEREOTYPES
USED IN TYPE PRINTING, WHEREBY THE OPERATION OF SETTING UP TYPE MAY BE
DISPENSED WITH."
This Invention, which consists in the manufacture of matrices for the production
of stereotype and electrotype plates for printing, has for its object to render
unnecessary or to dispense with the operation of setting up type.
The Invention consists in stamping, impressing, or embossing into a prepared
substance printing characters, letters, figures, words, &c., in such a manner that
their impressions are formed one after another, thus forming a matrix from which
stereotype or electrotype plates may be produced and used for printing newspapers,
books, and general printing.
This is effected by the use of dies or types (made of steel or other metal, diamond,
or other sufficiently hard material) which are forced by the fingers or by their
falling from a sufficient height, or by springs, weights, or other appliances, and
actuated or regulated by keys, studs, or other contrivance.
The material used for the matrix may be papier maché, moistened or otherwise,
gold and its alloys, silver, lead, copper, or other metals, or combination of metals, or
mixtures of wax, pitch, or other substances capable of receiving and retaining
impressions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTERS, COVERS, OR 86 SCREENS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PARTITIONS OR INCLOSURES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Orr and Richard Simmons
Birch at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th May 1879.
ROBERT ORR, of Belfast, and RICHARD SIMMONS BIRCH, of Dunmurry both in
the County of Antrim, in Ireland. IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTERS, COVERS, OR
86
SCREENS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PARTITIONS OR INCLOSURES."
Our Invention is intended to provide a simple, cheap, and effective substitute for
the revolving shutters and awnings, and the sliding doors, screens, and partitions or
other inclosures now commonly employed for protecting and covering windows or
window and door opes, and other exposed apertures or places requiring occasional
shelter or stoppage; and it may also be applied in warfare and other similar circum-
stances for the purpose of encampment or obstruction.
For this purpose we use a series of similar and parallel broad slats, laths, or plates
of iron, zinc, tin, wood, or other suitable material, connected together in two or
more transverse lines by the familiar mechanical contrivance known as "lazy-tongs,”
and each furnished with a narrow flange along the edges, and bent like pot-hooks
in reverse directions so as to catch or hook upon the adjoining flange of the con-
tiguous slat, lath, or plate, and to strengthen the entire series. Instead of the flanges
we have mentioned we may uso spring or other catches attached to, or hooks
extending over the edges of the slats, laths, or plates, and an angle-flange or separate
blocks or bosses may be provided to maintain the edges of the slats, laths, or plates
at any required distances from the " lazy-tongs."
The series may be raised or lowered by the aid of a ratchet wheel and gearing,
or balance weights, or by both these means.
A small recess or chamber at the top, side, or bottom of the ope or aperture to be
covered or stopped is provided for receiving our apparatus when not in use.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR COATING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Ward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1879.
WILLIAM WARD, of South Shields, in the County of Durham. "AN IMPROVED
COMPOSITION FOR COATING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
The Invention consists of an improved composition made of the following
ingredients, or their chemical equivalents, or some of them, mixed and treated in
the proportions following, or near thereto, viz.:-112 lbs. rosin, 360 lbs. benzoline
or other spirit, 112 lbs. zinc, 112 lbs. oxide of iron, 14 lbs. Indian red or other
colouring matter, 60 lbs. Archangel tar, 10 lbs. arsenic, 10 lbs. washing soda. The
inaterials I treat as follows:-I take the rosin, which I powder, and add to it the
benzoline or spirit, and well stir and mix together until thoroughly incorporated.
I then mix in a dry powdered state the zinc, oxide of iron, and Indian red or other
colouring matters, well stir and mix, and add these to the spirit solution, after
which I mix the tar, arsenic, and washing soda well together and add them; when
I lastly stir and mix all the said ingredients together for some twenty minutes,
when the composition so formed is ready for use, and may be applied to ship
bottoms, all floating structures, or as a paint generally. I prefer to use two or
more coats of said composition, omitting the arsenic from the first coat when the
composition is applied to iron.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Ward, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twelfth day of September, A.D. 1879.
THE TREATMENT OF NEW MILK FOR MAKING SWEET WHEY OR MOLKEN
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Eugen Odenwaldt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1879.
ALEXANDER EUGEN ODENWALDT, of Lower Clapton, in the County of Middlesex.
"THE TREATMENT OF NEW MILK FOR MAKING SWEET WHEY OR MOLKEN."
For the purpose of treating new milk in accordance with my Invention for
making sweet whey or the preparation known in Germany as molken I add the
juice of two lemons (or an equivalent quantity of citric or other acid) to each quart
or thereabouts of new milk, advantageously warm from the cow. The milk is then
placed over a clear fire in an open vessel for about ten minutes, or until the curd is
formed, by which process a very superior sweet whey or molken is made to that
made in the ordinary manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING THE INTERIOR OF BOILERS, AND IN CEMENT TO BE SO USED
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Matthias Jacobs and Thomas
Hewitson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April
1879.
CHARLES MATTHIAS JACOBS, of Bute Docks, Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan,
and THOMAS HEWITSON, of Bute Docks, Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING THE INTERIOR OF BOILERS, AND IN CEMENT TO BE
SO USED."
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in coating the interior of boilers
and in cement to be so used.
The cement which we employ consists of india rubber mixed with fibrous material
and sulphur, or sulphur containing material, together with sufficient solvent to
soften the mass.
This cement we apply to the interior of boilers over the joints, which it renders
perfectly watertight, even if previously defective.
Over this cement we lay Portland cement which serves as a temporary covering.
The boiler is put to work and the heat of the water causes the gradual vulcanisation
of the india rubber cement, thus producing a permanent coating or covering to the
joint or part, which covering being elastic is not liable to become displaced by the
expansion and contraction of the boiler during heating and cooling.
The use of fibrous material may be in some cases dispensed with.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FLOATS FOR SUPPLY VALVES OR Cocks.
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Finch at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1879.
BENJAMIN FINCH, of No. 181, High Holborn, London, in the County of Middlesex,
Sanitary Engineer. AN IMPROVEMENT IN FLOATS FOR SUPPLY VALVES OR
Cocks.'
"
The main object of my Invention is to dispense with the joint uniting the two
halves of the ordinary spherical or ball float, the soldering of which halves is often
very imperfectly effected, so that the water leaks in and the float ceases to act;
further, the cost of thus uniting the halves becomes considerable from the great care
with which it must be done.
'
I propose to make my improved float of any suitable form, dimensions, and
material, but of one piece, and with an open bottom, so that it will rest upon the
water in the cistern or reservoir in the manner of a diving bell, being kept afloat
by the air compressed within it by the pressure of water under the open bottom.
I may connect my float with the valve or cock in any suitable manner, and
preferalbly so that my float will first strike the water in a horizontal position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC BOXES FOR MATCHES AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN THE TOOLS AND APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Heinrih Fridrih Löhr at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st October 1879.
"
HEINRIH FRIDRIH LÖHR, of 44, Shepherdess Walk, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC BOXES
FOR MATCHES AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN THE TOOLS AND APPARATUS
FOR EFFECTING THE SAME."
"
This Invention consists of improvements in the manufacture of metal boxes for
matches and other similar purposes, whereby they can be produced in large quantities
and sold at a very trifling cost.
The box is formed of two parts of rectangular or other suitable shape, one part
for the receptacle and the other part for the lid or cover; the part intended for the
receptacle is stamped or cut out and so formed and bent that the sides meet the
ends, and a groove is made along the straight edges of the receptacle for the cover
to slide in, the cover or lid is also stamped or cut out, and the edges so formed as
to enter and slide in the before mentioned groove.
By reason of these boxes being made with all the ends angular, square, or mitred
they can be produced much more economically than those now in use, no hinge,
soldering, or glueing being requisite.
It is obvious that these boxes may be used for a number of useful purposes
beside matches, such, for instance, as sweets, jewels, percussion caps, and other
small articles.
My improvements further consists in a novel adjustment and adaptation of
apparatus and tools for the saine.
The metal blanks are cut to the required size and shape, and are placed between
a matrix and mandrel or other suitable machinery wherein the portions to form the
ends and sides are stamped or struck out in the usual manner; after this process
has been completed the blanks are received into a suitably arranged receptacle
wherein a die and punch, so constructed, that on the blank being placed over the
die the punch is actuated and made to bear down on the die with such force that
the sides and ends are brought up and fit into each other and form the body of the
box, no solder or other means of connection being required.
For the cover or lid a similar process is adopted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO FLUSHING CISTERNS FOR WATER CLOSETS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES WHERE IT IS REQUIRED TO DISCHARGE A GIVEN OR MEASURED QUANTITY OF LIQUID
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dodd at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st May 1879.
JOHN DODD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
RELATING TO FLUSHING CISTERNS FOR WATER CLOSETS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES WHERE IT IS REQUIRED TO DISCHARGE A GIVEN OR MEASURED QUANTITY
OF LIQUID."
My Invention relates to certain improvements in that class of cisterns known as
flushing cisterns for water closets, namely, cisterns which will fill and discharge a
certain amount of water for each use of the closet for flushing purposes. My
Invention is applicable whether the flushing be caused automatically by the use of
the closet, or whether it is dependent upon the action of the user. Although my
Invention is particularly applicable to flushing water closets, it is also applicable
where it is desired to discharge automatically a given or measured quantity of
water by a single action, namely, a vessel being charged or filled with water for
any purpose discharges its contents and then refills.
A flushing cistern, according to my Invention, is provided with a syphon pipe
descending from a tray within the cistern through the base or bottom of the
cistern, the short leg of the syphon opening into the cistern near the bottom
thereof. The syphon pipe is provided withfour valves, two within the tray, one of
which opens into the short leg of the syphon and the other into the long leg, and
two at the other end of the syphon namely, one to close the communication
between the short leg and the cistern, and the other to close the communication
between the long leg and the flushing pipe which is a continuation of the long leg.
The cistern is provided with a lever and ball float which works a supply cock in
connection with the cistern. This supply cock discharges into the tray, which is thus
always kept full, or nearly full, of water, the cistern being filled by the overflowing
of the water from the tray. The valves of the syphon pipe are worked by a lever
and weight, and are connected together in such a manner that when the two upper
valves are open the two lower valves are closed; thus both legs of the syphon can
be filled with water from the tray, and the water held there until the reverse
action of the valves takes place, namely, the opening of the lower valves and the
closing of the top valves, which action, supposing the cistern to be full of water,

page_text: causes such water to syphon out of the cistern down the flushing pipe until the
cistern is emptied. When empty, the action of the lever and ball float causes the
cistern to refill. The opening and closing of the syphon valves can be performed
automatically by the movement of the seat of the water closets, or the valves can
be actuated by hand through the medium of a lever and a wire, cord, or its
equivalent.
A modification of the syphon valves consists in using one valve only to fill both
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HANGING OF BELLS.
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1879. (A commu-
nication from Gottwalt Schinzel, in Rudolstadt, in the German Empire.)
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W.
v. Nawrocki, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, in the German Empire, Patent Agents.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HANGING OF BELLS.". (A communication from Gottwalt
Schinzel, in Rudolstadt, in the German Empire.)
Heretofore bells have been so hung that they turn on two gudgeons working in
bearings. Now according to this Invention the bell is fitted with bearings which
rest on two stationary gudgeons, all as hereinafter described.
In each end of the yoke of the bell there is fitted a bearing which is fastened by
bolts passing through lugs cast on the bearings. Each bearing is bored out
cylindrical and rests on a fixed gudgeon which has a square neck where it passes
through the frame, so that a shoulder is formed near each end for iron bars or
plates to rest against, which is necessary for fastening and also for repairs, as the
bolt can thus be removed from without and put in again; the iron plates are held
by bolts. The square neck of gudgeon bolt is made to fit very accurately in the
wood.
The gudgeon should be a little smaller in diameter than the hole in the bearing
brass, so that it has a rolling motion therein and not a rubbing sliding motion;
the friction is thereby reduced to a minimum; the brass may be made with a square
hole.
The brass or bearing is driven into the wood which is cut out to suit; it has a
projecting wedge on its inner side and is made fast by bolts passing through lugs,
one bolt at each side and one each at top and bottom on all four sides of the yoke
and there are iron plates or bars so that the nuts can be set up on the bolts when
the wood dries. This holds good especially with small bells. The parts on which
most devolves are made of cast steel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RUCHES, FRILLS, AND OTHER TRIMMINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur John Cresswell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1879.
ARTHUR JOHN CRESSWELL, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF RUCHES, FRILLS, AND OTHER TRIMMINGS."
I construct each machine with two standards connected together by suitable tie
rods. The standards carry or form bearings for a cam shaft at the back of the
machine; on this shaft the slotted ends of three or more connecting rods slide, each
carrying a truck operated by a cam on the shaft. Each connecting rod is capable
of adjustment in the direction of its length at the front of the machine. The outer
front end of each rod works on an axle capable of adjustment in a slot in a rocking
lever carried by an axle secured in the standard. The upper or lower ends of each
of the rocking levers carry a spindle, to which forming blades are secured. These
blades project inwards towards a pair of revolving hollow trapping rollers, which
are heated by gas and air in the usual way. By such means I obtain too and fro
movements of the forming blades. Each spindle is provided with a lever, carrying
a truck on its inner end, actuated by a rocking lever operated by a cam on the cam
shaft, which is also the driving shaft, being provided with a handle or pulleys or
other equivalent; by such means the forming blades have a rising and falling
movement communicated to them. The trapping rollers are geared together,
and the lower one has a quadrant which turns on the roller axle. The quadrant is
slotted, and is capable of adjustment on a stud secured to the standard. The back
end of the quadrant carries an axle for a toothed wheel, provided with a toothed
pinion which gears into the teeth of a wheel on the axle of the lower trapping
roller, the larger toothed wheel gearing into one of a series of toothed change
wheels secured on the driving shaft. The fabric to be operated upon is fed between
the upper and lower forming blades. By such means I am enabled to produce a
variety of patterns, varying according to the throw and lift of the forming blades
and change wheel employed to actuate the trapping rollers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGE- MENTS OR APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING INCREASED ILLUMINATING POWER IN BURNING GAS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Woodward at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1879.
JOHN WOODWARD, of the Firm of Adam Woodward & Sons, of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGE-
MENTS OR APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING INCREASED ILLUMINATING POWER IN
BURNING GAS."
My Invention refers to arrangements for burning gas for illuminating_purposes
where "chimneys" are employed, as in Argand gas burners, and my Invention
consists,―
Firstly. In arranging a frame to the top of the "chimney," this frame carrying a
plug to act as a valve which is regulated by a screw or other means, so as to
increase or decrease the opening for the escape of the products of combustion from
the top of the chimney.
My Invention also consists in arranging a cover (which may, be of mica) so as to
be adjustable on the top of the chimney to regulate the outlet for the products of
combustion.
Or the cover is or may be formed of two perforated plates one over the other, so
that by moving one over the other the orifice or orifices for the escape of the
products of combustion may be regulated.
Secondly. My Invention also consists in forming the chimneys so that the outlet
for the escape at the top of the chimney is greatly reduced in area, and is propor-
tioned to the burner and quantity of gas to be consumed, so that a different size of
chimney outlet would be required for each size of burner.
By my improvements a large increase of illuminating power is obtained by reason
of the more perfect combustion of the gas used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PARALLEL RULES ARRANGED WITH MATHEMATICAL SCALES FOR MEASURING AND SETTING OUT PLANS AND DRAWINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Davis, of Hill Top, West Bromwich, in the County
of Stafford, Land and Mine Surveyor, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PARALLEL RULES ARRANGED WITH MATHEMATICAL SCALES FOR MEASURING
AND SETTING OUT PLANS AND DRAWINGS."
Sealed the 2nd December 1879, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
LORA
Sealed the 2nd December 1879, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
and dated the 28th May 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Davis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th May 1879.
THOMAS DAVIS, of Hill Top, West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Land
and Mine Surveyor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PARALLEL RULES ARRANGED WITH
MATHEMATICAL SCALES FOR MEASURING AND SETTING OUT PLANS AND DRAWINGS."
This Invention relates to improvements in rules arranged with mathematical
scales for measuring and setting out plans and drawings, and my improvements
consist in mounting rules of triangular section upon a spindle and rollers, each face
of the rule being marked with two different scales having a groove or division
between them, by which the rule can be lifted when required.
The spindle passes longitudinally through the centre of the rule, a roller being
mounted at a short distance froin each end, the periphery of the rollers projecting
sufficiently beyond the surface of each face of the triangle to allow the rule to
travel freely thereon on either side equally and in parallel directions.
The rule may be made of wood, metal, or other suitable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND IN CASES FOR PACKING BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE ÅRTICLES, AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN GROOVING THE SIDES OF SAID CASES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Cockcroft and Howard Busby
Fox at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th November
1879.
"
THOMAS COCKCROFT and HOWARD BUSBY Fox, both of Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND IN CASES FOR PACKING
BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE ÅRTICLES, AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN GROOVING
THE SIDES OF SAID CASES."
This Invention consists, first, in a case with a series of partitions running across
it obliquely, every partition meeting its next neighbour at one end in a groove so
as to present a zigzag series of partitions, each groove except the end ones taking
two partition ends. If there be a central cross partition the grooves are arranged
alternately so that grooves on the opposite sides of the partition shall not come
opposite each other. The partitions are thin laths and when placed in position the
bottles are inserted with their necks pointing to the apex of the compartment and
the partitions are sprung out by the bottles, each bottle occupying one partition.
Consequently each bottle aids in giving an elastic strain on the partition to keep
the contiguous bottles tight. It could be arranged rather differently from this.
with several bottles in line end to end, and there can be numerous layers, a thin
layer of wood separating the different layers of bottles.
The grooves are preferably made by wabbling circular saws placed on a screwed
centre and distanced apart by lock nuts. By means of the lock nuts the distance
apart of the grooves can be varied at pleasure. In some cases it is not desirable to
bring the two partitions so as to actually meet in the groove. In such case each
partition has a groove for itself, and the obliquity of the partition is designed so as
to follow a straight line nearest approaching the average contour of the bottle, but
preferably cutting across some salient angle so as to put a strain on the partition.
In parallel articles without necks, such as preserve jars, they will sometimes of
course have to be made parallel, though even then we prefer a little obliquity.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MEASURING VESSELS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Domney and Thomas Taylor
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1879.
JAMES DOMNEY, of the Firm of Domney and Brown, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, and THOMAS TAYLOR, of the Firm of Taylor, Tunnicliffe, and
Company, of Eastwood, Hanley, in the County of Stafford. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF MEASURING VESSELS."
This Invention has for object improvements in the manufacture of measuring
vessels. According to this Invention the main body of the vessel in any desirable
form (it may be a jug, mug, horn, or other article) is made of china, earthenware,
glass, or other ceramic substance, and of less capacity than the intended measure,
and with the body so formed, is combined a graduating metal rim, as hereinafter
described. Around the main body of the vessel, near the top, is made a recess or
groove. The metal rim is spun to the size required, so as to fit on, and embrace the
top of the main body of the vessel, is then graduated thereon until it holds the
exact quantity required (it may be an imperial half pint, pint, quart, or other
measure), and the metal is then rolled by pressure in the lathe, or by hand into the
recess or groove, so as to be firmly fixed, or it may be fastened by other means
such as plaster, cement, or other substances, or the metal may be rolled by pressure
by hand, or in the lathe, on to a projecting flange, or otherwise as desired, so long
as a graduating metal rim be combined with the vessel of ceramic material
originally made to hold less than the complete measure, so as to graduate it as and
for the purpose hereinabove set forth.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert Portway at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th November 1879.
HERBERT PORTWAY, of Bradford, in the County of York.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to improved means and appliances by which the cloth as
woven is "taken up without the use of the levers, weights, and studs heretofore
employed for such purposes.
According to this my said Invention I mount the cloth beam in bearings or
supports, one of which is open, that is to say, does not encircle the axis of the beam;
the cloth or "piece," as woven, passes over the breast beam behind a stretching or
smoothening bar, thence over the front of the rough roller, under the cloth beam,
again over the rough roller to and around the cloth beam. The "piece" thus forms
a driving belt from the rough roller to the cloth beam, and as the rough roller is
the driver, the cloth beam, whatever its diameter, can only move or revolve at a
pace equal to that of the weaving of the piece and the passage of the latter over
the rough roller. To facilitate access to the loom under the front roller, the cloth
beam can be slipped out of its bearings or supports, and suspended by two hooks
pendant from the breast beam, each hook receiving one end of the axis of the
beam.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENTS FOR SURVEYING AND LEVELLING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd August 1879. A com-
munication from abroad by Cyrille By, of the Topographical Service,
Constantine, Algeria, North Africa.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN INSTRUMENTS FOR SURVEYING AND LEVELLING." A communication from
abroad by Cyrille By, of the Topographical Service, Constantine, Algeria, North
Africa.
The Invention relates to the construction of tacheometers or topographical
instruments, and consists in an arrangement which allows of the limb and the
allidade being detached from the rest of the instrument, in order to fix it upon a
sheet of paper by means of adjustable clamps provided with pins or otherwise and
to use it for plotting. The alhidade is preferably constructed with four arms, and
turns with little friction and without central pivot inside the limbus, resting like
the latter upon the paper, when used for plotting or protacting. One of its
branches or armes carries a removable scale or sloping edge, which represents exactly
the radius of the limb, and has its zero point in the centre, while its end touches
the inner circumference of the limb, which may have 10 centimetres radius. If a
greater radius is required, the sloping edge is replaced by a bar of any desired
length. When the instrument is used in the field the scale arm is placed in the
line of sight.
AN IMPROVED PIPE JOINT
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Ellis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1879.
GEORGE HENRY ELLIS, of No. 37, Walbrook, in the City of London, Engineer.
"AN IMPROVED PIPE JOINT."
My improved pipe joint is designed for pipes made of metal, earthenware, glass,
cement, concrete, or other material, used for the conveyance of sewage, water,
air, gas, letters, parcels, and other liquids, fluids, goods, materials, and for other
purposes.
In carrying out my Invention I provide two rings made of lead, malleable iron,
or other suitable soft, pliable, or flexible metal or material, one to fit the outer and .
the other the inner diameter of pipes, which rings are connected together in the
centre by a transverse bar or ribs made of a similar material, the whole being
formed, cast, or moulded into one piece, and by this means a recess or socket is
provided between the rings at each end, into which the pipes are driven and
thereby secured and jointed.
At the ends (and occasionally at the sides) of these sockets I place a lining of
felt or other soft packing material.
In cases where it is necessary that no other body should come inside the pipes
I omit the inner ring, and depend for the fit and security of the joint upon the
outer ring and transverse bar, lined with packing or coated with bitumen or cement.
My improved joint may either have its sockets parallel, or they may be partially
conical, and in the latter case the pipe ends are made slightly tapering to wedge
and fit therein firmly.
The flexible body of which my improved joint is made is easily adapted to the
varying shapes and irregularities of earthenware and other pipes. The joint being
of a portable and permanent character, can be used over and over again for a similar
purpose, and it provides a ready means of jointing and taking pipes asunder
without breakage.
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hiscock at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1879.
WILLIAM HISCOCK, of Soho, in the County of Middlesex.
LETTER BALANCES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to an improved letter balance on the bent lever principle,
and consists in the combination with the bent lever of multiplying gear in
connection with an axis carrying an index moving over a dial, whereby the
oscillation of the bent lever, which is necessarily limited to a quarter of a circle, is
converted into a complete revolution of the index over the dial, thereby enabling
the range of the scale which is marked round the entire circumference of the dial
to be extended, and rendering the indications clearly and more certain than when
a quadrant shaped scale is used. The scale pan is fixed on top of an upright rod
jointed to a forked radius lever, and to the forked extremity of a weighted bent
lever fixed on an axis mounted in a suitable frame. A toothed wheel fixed on this
axis gears with a pinion on another axis mounted above the first and provided with
a double index which travels over a dial bearing a scale of weights and a corre-
sponding scale of postages, so that the weight and postage of a letter are indicated
at a glance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO SOLITAIRES AND STUDS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Felix McIlvenna at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st February 1879.
FELIX MOILVENNA, of Wood Street, in the Borough of Liverpool and County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO SOLITAIRES AND STUDS."
My improvements consist, 1st, in making the part of the stud next the body and
the shank of soft pliant material, preferably india-rubber, so that it will not hurt
the skin. The entire stud can if desirable be made of rubber, the top being of hard
rubber and the remaining parts soft. The stud can be ornamented by having the
top and even the bottom covered with metal or other material overlapping and
cemented to the rubber.
2nd. In solitaires made in accordance with my former application for Letters
Patent, No. 4302 of 1874, in which an approximately flat thin body nearly the
shape of the button hole in section rotates on a shank that solidly connects the
head with a T piece, I find the stud is apt to fall out; I therefore place a rim,
flange, or beading round. the central part or body of the stud at the lower end
adjoining the bottom T fastening. This holds the cuff and prevents it from resting
on the T piece and forms a greatly increased security besides increasing the ease of
manipulating it. The T projects at each end a little beyond the flange.
3rd. As too the body is apt to turn when not required so to do I sometimes
place a pin on it working in a groove in the head-plate, and in the head behind
the head-plate place a spring catch that holds the pin in either position at right
angles to each other, namely, full open or shut, and retains it in this position till
the catch is pressed back. The catch projects slightly beyond the head of the pin.
NEW OR IMPROVED METHODS OF FREEING ALL KINDS OF NETTLES (URTICA) FROM THEIR WOODY AND GUMMY PROPERTIES, SO THAT THE FIBRES CAN BE USED IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY.
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Hahn and Anton Eduard
Neumann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January
1879.
60
ALBERT HAHN, of the City of Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Councillor of
Cominerce, and ANTON EDUARD NEUMANN, of the City of Berlin aforesaid,
Fabrikant. NEW OR IMPROVED METHODS OF FREEING ALL KINDS OF NETTLES
(URTICA) FROM THEIR WOODY AND GUMMY PROPERTIES, SO THAT THE FIBRES CAN
BE USED IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY.",
The Invention relates to the freeing of the fibres of the different species of
nettles (urtica) from their woody surroundings or casings and from their gummy
and other similar properties, so that the same can be used in the textile industry
as a substitute for flax, wool, or silk.

page_text: m. Take a quantity of the fibre, place the same in a tub of water, add alkaline
salt, and boil the fibres in this solution.
"
n. Place the fibres in a second bath containing the same quantity of water as m;
but before placing the fibres in the said bath dissolve soda and common soap in the
same, and boil the said fibres in this solution or bath.
o. Wash the fibres in lukewarm water.
p. Place the aforenamed fibres in a muriatic acid bath, after which wash the
same.
q. Dissolve chlorate of lime in water, place the fibres in the same, and let them
remain in this bath for a given time.
r. Wash the fibres in a muriatic acid bath.
8. Blue the said fibres slightly with ordinary washing blue, and dry the same.
The fibres are now ready to be used as a substitute for flax, wool, or silk, in the
textile industry.
A COMBINED SHIRT AND BRACE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Abraham Franck at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th February 1879.
ABRAHAM FRANCK, Shirt Maker, of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France.
"A COMBINED SHIRT AND BRACE."
The object of the present Invention is to do away with braces, and so arrange
the shirt as to make it the means of suspension in lieu of the straps over the
shoulders; this gives free play to the arms, and in hot weather or warm climates is
very advantageous.
The shirt is provided with a stout band of double calico or some equivalent,
either right round the shirt or merely in the front above the waist; in this band to
the right and left are made one or two button holes for the reception of double
headed buttons or hooks.
Round the waist of the trousers are similar holes for the accommodation of buttons
or hooks; if buttons are used they are double headed and are intended for fastening
straps to; these straps are elastic, short, and single or double thonged, and are also
made with button holes, or they may be provided with hooks on the inner sides;
these are then hooked into the button holes in the shirt and trouser bands, and in
this manner suspend the trousers.
If buttons are used they are then buttoned through the holes in the respective
bands and the straps passed over the heads.
When hooks are employed they are fixed to the inside of the elastic straps in an
inverse sense, that is to say, one is placed in a contrary direction to the other; by
this combination of shirt and strap braces are obviated and the arms and shoulders
left free.