Improvements in Kilns.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 18th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 31st Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns.
I, CHARLES PRYCE, of Oak Bank, Rhos, Ruabon, Wales, Manager of Brick
Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates principally to the provision of heated air for drying the
goods in kilns, and for mixing with the gas for the burning of such goods when
dried. In this connection the invention consists in the forcing of air by means of a
steam jet injector, blower, or other suitable air propelling device, through iron
tubes suspended in a flue charged with steam which may be either exhaust steam,
from
any engine, or direct from any boiler, or both, so that the air so driven is
heated passing through the tubes, to be discharged thence into a main hot air flue
and thence conveyed again in iron tubes through the main gas flue into hot air flues
under each side of every kiln having outlet port holes in the arch of the flue
distributing a uniform flow of hot air into and through the kiln, thereby drying
the goods in the kiln. After the process of drying is completed the air heated in
the manner aforesaid is mixed with the gas for the burning process, the hot air
flues being regulated by dampers.
The invention further comprises conveying waste heat from one kiln to another
by the provision of flues so regulated by dampers that the heated waste air and
gases can be directed to any particular kiln that may be desired and furthermore
so arranged that the waste heat may be utilized in increasing the temperature of
the hot air for passing through the drying kiln and partially burning the goods
before the gas is turned on and thus saving fuel.
The uniform distribution of heat in the kiln is attained by the position of the
heated air ports above mentioned being such that the mingling of the gas with
heated air takes plates and the mixture ignites just previously to passing over
flash walls into the kiln at the crown and by a down draught through the goods
into the chequered bottom of the kiln chamber, thence to the chimney or to the
continuous waste flue as required.
Dated this 18th day of February 1892.
HERBERT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns.
I CHARLES PRYCE of Oak Bank, Rhos, Ruabon, Wales, Manager of Brick
Works do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to kilns and principally to the provision of heated air for
drying the goods therein and for mixing with the producer gas for the burning of
such goods when dried. In this connexion the invention consists in the improve-
ments whereby the air is or may be forced by means of a steam jet, injector, blower,
or other suitable air propelling device through iron tubes suspended in a flue
charged with steam which may be either exhaust steam from any engine or direct
from a boiler or both so that the air so driven is heated while passing through the
tubes, to be discharged thence into a main hot air flue and thence conveyed again
in iron tubes through the main gas flue into hot air flues under each side of every
kiln having outlet port holes in the arch of the flue distributing a uniform flow of
[ Price R71

page_text: hot air into and through the kiln thereby drying the goods in the kiln. After the
process of drying is completed the air heated in the manner aforesaid should be
mixed with the gas for the burning process, dampers being provided in the hot air
and gas flues for regulation of the air and gas. The invention further comprises
the conveying of waste heat from one kiln to another by the provision of flues so
regulated by dampers that the heated waste air and gases can be directed to any
particular kiln that may be desired and furthermore so arranged that the waste
heat may be utilized in increasing the temperature of the hot air for passing
through the drying kiln and partially burning the goods before the gas is turned
on, thereby saving fuel.
The uniform distribution of heat in the kiln is attained by the position of the
heated air ports above mentioned being such that the mingling of the gas with
heated air takes place and the mixture ignites just previously to passing over the
flash walls into the kiln at the crown and by a down draught through the goods
into the chequered bottom of the kiln chamber thence to the chimney or to the
continuous waste flue as required.
The accompanying drawings illustrate a kiln provided with the air and gas flues
adapted to provide for the admission of heated air and gas to fulfil the foregoing
objects.
Figure 1 is an exterior side elevation of a kiln.
Fig. 2 is a cross section thereof upon line a a Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a section of the chimney upon line bb Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a partial sectional plan on line ce Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a partial sectional plan on line d d Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a part of Fig. 4 making junction therewith at e e.
Fig. 6 is a cross section or elevation on line ff Fig. 4ª.
Fig. 7 is on the right half a section on line g g Fig. 4 and on the left half a
section on line / Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a section on line ii Figs. 1 and 5.
Fig. 9 is a section on line ; ; Fig. 4.
Fig. 10 is a section on line k k Fig. 4.
Referring to Fig. 6. A represents a steam cock in the pipe B the end of which
forms a nozzle projecting into the flared end of the air pipe C. This pipe is
suspended within the flue D which is charged with waste or other steam as afore-
said (Figs. 4. 4A) so that the air which is drawn into the pipe C by the action of
the steam jet from pipe B or by any equivalent blower, is heated by the surrounding
steam in the flue D and issues into the main air flue E in a heated state. The
main air flue E runs parallel with the main gas flue F and is led off to each kiln by
way of an iron pipe G which passes transversely through the gas flue F and are
severally provided with dampers H. The air entering the central flue J passes
laterally through the passages K Fig. 9 and thus into the lateral flues L whence it
issues through openings M in the crown of this flue into the space N behind the
flash walls the shape of the passages being shown in the section on the right of
Fig. 7. It passes in the direction of the arrows and arrives in the kiln over the
flash walls, passing through the goods therein it passes into the floor at O. O. Figs. 5
and thus between the supports of the floor to the outlets P P which communicate
with the main waste flue Q. The dampers R R regulate the outlet of this waste
air to the flue Q. The outlets P P also lead into the flues SS of the chimney T
regulated by dampers U U. The chimney T' with dampers U₁ U' likewise com-
municates with the space under the floor of the kiln. It is obvious therefore that
by appropriate arrangement of the dampers the waste air, or when the gas is in
action waste gases, may either pass away at the chimneys T T' or may be carried
into the waste flue Q and so led to other kilns.
The gas passes from the flue F into the lateral flues V V when the dampers V₁V₁
are raised, and thus through passages W W into the spaces W' behind the flash
walls. It mixes with the heated air entering as aforesaid through passages N N
and is inflamed at W2 or thereabouts and enters the kiln chamber.

page_text: The spent gases pass out as aforesaid through passages oo either to the
chimneys T T or to the flue Q.
It is obvious that by provision of communication between the flue Q and the
lateral flues L L and dampers X X for controlling the communication, the waste
air or gases from one kiln passing through the flue Q may be allowed to pass into
any other kiln by way of these flues L L and so be used in place of or in addition
to the heated air and thus for partially burning the goods before the gas is turned
on thus saving fuel.
Dampers ZZ control the individual passages W. W.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1) In a kiln, a system of air supply flues adapted to heat and supply heated air
to the kiln substantially in the manner described for previous drying or for mixing
with producer gas for burning.
2) In a kiln, the combination, of an injector or other air propelling device, an
air feed pipe, a steam flue or chamber surrounding said pipe and flues conducting
the heated air to the kiln substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3) The combination of two or more kilns with a waste flue communicating with
said kilns and dampers or equivalent means for setting up or closing the communi-
cations with the respective kilns whereby the waste air or gases from any kiln may
be caused to pass through any other kiln, either with or without mixture of fresh
heated air to effect a preliminary burning of the materials in that kiln.
4) The construction and combination of the flues for supplying gas, heated air,
or waste air or gas to a kiln substantially as herein described and illustrated.
5) In a kiln provided with gas and air feed flues or ports the construction of
passages N Win relation to the flash walls whereby the gas and air are mingled
for firing in the manner hereinbefore stated.
Dated this 18th day of November 1892.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.