IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS AND DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY THEM IN TRAM CARS, BUSSES,' CABS, AND OTHER VEHICLES, AND IN THE
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph William Harding, of Leeds, in the County
of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF
REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS AND DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY
THEM IN TRAM CARS, BUSSES,' CABS, AND OTHER VEHICLES, AND IN THE
Sealed the 24th May 1872, and dated the 25th November 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph William
Harding at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th November 1871.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM HARDING, of Leeds, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS AND DISTANCE
TRAVELLED BY THEM IN TEAM CARS, BUSSES,' CABS, AND OTHER VEHICLES,
MACHINERY
THE APPARATUS OR
to be as
EMPLOYED THEREFOR,'
AND IN
follows:-
"
The object of my Invention is to prevent fraud by drivers, conductors,
or other attendants on tram cars, "busses," cabs, and other vehicles, by

page_text: registering the passengers and distance travelled by them, as hereafter
described.
Firstly. I join or connect the seats and flooring together and make them
distinct or separate from the outer framework or body of the vehicle,
so that they may be moved independently of the outer framework or
body. Underneath the flooring I mount, so as to work freely, one or
more levers in suitable bearings carried by the outer framework, on
which lever or levers the flooring and seats are carried. If more levers
than one are employed they are coupled or connected so as to act
simultaneously.
For the purpose of supporting the seats, flooring, and passengers,
I use spiral, coiled, or other springs of the required strength, but
I by preference employ an apparatus which I will call a "balancer,"
which is similar in construction to the ordinary suspended spring
weighing machines, which I attach to the outer framework and hooked
to or so connected with the lever or levers as to support the flooring,
seats, and passengers resting on the opposite end of the lever or levers.
As the number of passengers increases the balancer allows the end of
the lever or levers on which the flooring and seats rest to fall, and the
opposite end to which the balancer is connected to rise. And as the
number of passengers diminishes the end of each lever supporting the
flooring and seats rises, and the end to which the balancer is attached
falls. The extent of rise or fall of course varies according to the weight
of the passengers. One or more balancers may be employed.
Secondly. In connection with the above-described arrangement, I
provide a registering apparatus which I fix in a suitable position in or
on the vehicle, whereby the number of passengers and distance travelled
by them are registered. I connect or couple to the lever or levers a
slide bar working in suitable bearings, moving backwards or forwards in
accordance with the movement of the lever or levers. At the opposite
end to that which is attached to the lever or levers I provide a lead
pencil or other suitable marker. I pass by preference a continuous
sheet of paper in front of the pencil or marker, which paper is drawn
from one roller on to another; the required motion is given thereto by
clockwork. The paper is made to travel continuously and at a certain
velocity. As each person gets into or on the top or out of the vehicle,
the slide bar rises or falls as the case may be with the lever or levers,
and represents the number of people by a diagram which is marked on

page_text: the travelling sheet. The passengers are represented by lines in the
form of steps, the length of the journey being denoted by the horizontal
lines of the steps.
When required cylinders containing paper in lengths may also be
employed and arranged so that they can be changed at any appointed
time; these cylinders are made to revolve by clockwork.
When my Invention is applied to vehicles where passengers ride on
the top as well as inside, the outer seats are connected with the inner
and supported thereby by means of pillars or rods of suitable strength,
so that the rising or lowering of the outer seats and flooring is trans-
mitted to the diagram through the inner seats and flooring, so that
whether passengers get on or off the top or inside they are marked on
the diagram.
To prevent any tampering with the mechanism, it is necessary that
the registering apparatus should be enclosed and under lock and key, so
that no one except those appointed may interfere with it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph William Harding in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th May 1872.
TO. ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
WILLIAM HARDING, of Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Joseph William Harding, Her special
licence that I, the said Joseph William Harding, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph William Harding,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
༄

page_text: lever or levers on which the flooring and seats rest to fall, and the
opposite end to which the balancer is connected to rise. And as the
number of passengers diminish the end of each lever supporting the
flooring and seats rises, and the end to which the balancer is attached
falls. The extent of rise or fall of course varies according to the weight
of the passengers. One or more balancers may be employed.
Secondly. In connection with the above-described arrangement I
provide a registering apparatus, which I fix in a suitable position in
or on the vehicle, whereby the number of passengers and distance
travelled by them are registered. I connect or couple to the lever or
levers a slide bar, working in suitable bearings, moving backwards or
forwards in accordance with the movement of the lever or levers. At
the opposite end to that which is attached to the lever or levers I
provide a lead pencil or other suitable marker. I pass by preference a
continuous sheet of paper in front of the pencil or marker, which paper
is drawn from one roller on to another; the required motion is given
thereto by clockwork. The paper is made to travel continuously and at a
certain velocity. As each person gets into or on the top or out of the
vehicle the slide bar rises or falls as the case may be with the lever or
levers, and represents the number of people by a diagram which is
marked on the travelling sheet. The passengers are represented by lines
in the form of steps, the length of the journey being denoted by the
horizontal lines of the steps.
When required cylinders containing paper in lengths may also be
employed, and arranged so that they can be changed at any appointed
time; these cylinders are made to revolve by clockwork.
When my Invention is applied to vehicles where passengers ride on
the top as well as inside, the outer seats are connected with the inner
and supported thereby by means of pillars or rods of suitable strength,
so that the rising or lowering of the outer seats and flooring is trans-
mitted to the diagram through the inner seats and flooring, so that.
whether passengers get on or off the top or inside they are marked on
the diagram.
To prevent any tampering with the mechanism it is necessary that
the registering apparatus should be enclosed and under lock and key, so
that no one except those appointed may interfere with it.

page_text: In order that my Invention may be more completely understood,
reference is given to the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
Sheet 1 represents my Invention as applied to tram cars, omnibusses,
and other similar vehicles.
Sheet 2 shews the arrangement of my Invention applied to cabs and
other similar vehicles.
Sheet 1, Fig. 1, is a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a transverse section,
and Fig. 3 is a plan of the arrangement of levers and shafting. Figs. 4
and 5 is an arrangement whereby the diagram of the number of
passengers is produced.
.
1 and 2 shew the seats and flooring which I connect or join together
and make distinct or separate from the outer framework or body of the
vehicle 3, so that they may be moved together simultaneously and
independently of the outer framework 3. Underneath the movable
flooring 2 I mount the shafts 4 and 5 in suitable bearings 6; on each
shaft I mount and fix in any required position the levers 7 and 8, on the
ends of which levers the flooring 2 and seats 1 rest as shewn. I connect
both sets of levers 7 and 8 by means of the levers 9 and rod 10, so that
any movement affects both sides alike. I provide on one of the shafts 5
another lever 11, to which I couple the balance lever 12, which balance
lever 12 is mounted so as to work freely in the bracket 13.
In order to balance the flooring and seats I provide on the balance
lever 12 a suitable balance weight 14 when required. In addition to
this I provide a spiral, coiled, or other spring 15 of suitable strength,
which I make adjustable on the balance lever 12. I attach this spiral,
coiled, or other spring to the bar 16, which bar is retained in any
required position by the brackets 17 on the cross piece 18, which is
secured to the stretchers 19 in connection with the outer framework 3.
When my Invention is applied to vehicles where passengers ride on
the top, as shewn on Sheet 1, the outer seats and flooring 20 and 21 are
connected with the inner seats and flooring by means of pillars or rods
22, which rods 22 also act as supports for the upper seats and flooring
20 and 21; by this arrangement the movement of the outer or top seats
and flooring is transmitted to the inner seats and flooring.
It will be readily understood by the herein-described arrangement,
the whole of the flooring and seats being suspended on the spring

page_text: balancer 15 through the various levers herein described, that as each
passenger gets into or on the vehicle the whole of the flooring and seats
are allowed to fall in proportion to the weight of each passenger, also as
each passenger gets out or off the top the flooring and seats will rise
in proportion to the weight of the passengers. The herein-described
movement is marked upon a travelling sheet of paper, and is as hereafter
described in the second part of my Invention.
Sheet 2 shews the application of my Invention to cabs or other
similar vehicles, the arrangement of which is necessarily different to that
herein-before described to tram cars, omnibusses, and other similar
vehicles.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 is a sectional plan, and Fig. 3
is a side elevation of the spring or balancer.
The whole of the flooring and seats 1 and 2 are connected together by.
means of suitable framework 3, and are made separate and distinct from
the outer framework or body of the vehicle 4. I mount in suitable
bearings 5 carried by the outer framework the shafts 6 and 7, on which
shafts I mount and fix the levers 8 and 9, on the ends of which the
framework 3 of the flooring and seats 1 and 2 rests as shewn. I provide
a spiral, coiled, or other spring 10%; this I connect to a cross bar 11 or to
any other suitable fixing in connection with the outer framework. I
suspend the whole of the flooring and seats by attaching the spring 10
to a lever 12 fixed on the shaft 6; by this arrangement the flooring and
seats are raised clear of the outer framework. I connect the two shafts
6 and 7 by means of the levers 13 and rod 14, so that any movement
affects both sides alike.
It will be readily understood that as the passengers get into the
vehicle the spring will allow the flooring and seats to fall in proportion
to the weight of the passengers, and also as the passenger or passengers
get out the spring will cause the flooring and seats to rise in proportion
to the weight of the passenger or passengers.
The herein-before described movement is marked upon a travelling
sheet of paper, and is as hereafter described in the second part of my
Invention.
On Sheet 1, Figs 4 and 5, is represented one of the several arrange-
ments which can be applied for registering the passengers.

page_text: The box a contains the clockwork b, of ordinary construction. The
drum c is mounted on the shaft d in connection with the clockwork b;
e is a roller on which is mounted a continuous sheet of paper f, which
paper is passed over the drum c as shewn, and drawn from the roller e
by being passed between the drum c and friction pulley g. The con-
tinuous sheet of paper is drawn in front of the sliding marker h. I
attach to the flooring 2 of the vehicle or other more convenient position
the bracket i, to which I connect so as to radiate freely on a movable
centre; the lever k, the end of which lever k I connect to the sliding
marker h. In order to give the required movement to the marker has
the number of passengers decreases or increases, I attach to the lever k
the connecting rod 2, which is coupled to the outer framework, as shewn
in Fig. 1, Sheet 1. By this arrangement, as each passenger gets in or
on the vehicle the sliding marker will be caused to move upwards on
account of the lowering of the floor, and vice versa as the passengers get
off or out of it. The drum c continually revolving and carrying with it
the travelling sheet of paper, the marker h traces on the paper the
number of passengers, which number is denoted by stepped lines as
shewn at m in dotted lines at Fig. 4. The steps upwards shew in this
arrangement the passengers that have got into or on the vehicle, and the
steps downwards shew the number of passengers that have got out of or
off. I enclose the whole of this in a box or case n, which is kept under
lock and key to prevent any tampering therewith.
On Sheet 2 the arrangement of the registering apparatus is shewn
slightly different.
It will be readily understood that the arrangement of registering
apparatus and other parts in connection with my Invention must vary in
accordance with the form of the vehicle to which it is applied.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would remark in con-
clusion that I do not limit myself to the exact limits, details, and
configuration of parts I have explained and shewn, as the same may of
course be varied or modified without in any way departing from the
nature and principle of my Invention; but what I do claim and desire to
be secured to me by Letters Patent is,—
Firstly. Connecting the seats and flooring together and making them
separate and distinct from the outer framework or body of the vehicle, so

page_text: that they may be moved independently of the outer framework or body,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Secondly. The means employed for suspending the seats and flooring,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Thirdly. The mode of registering the number of people carried and the
application thereof to the herein-before described arrangements, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph William Harding, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of May,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
JOSEPH WILLIAM HARDING. (L.S.)