Improvements in Portable Lamps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1893-Accepted, 22nd July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Portable Lamps.
I, EDWIN FREUND, of III/I Beatrixgasse 14B, Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the construction of portable lamps, such as are used on
cycles, carriages and railway vehicles, or for other purposes, and the objects of my
invention are to provide in certain cases an improved means of suspension and where
such lamps are of the incandescent electric form to provide an improved form of
switch, or means for turning the light on or off.
My improved mode of suspension is more particularly applicable to cycle, carriage
and railway lamps. The well known suspension arrangement heretofore generally.
employed with cycle lamps, consists of a parallelogram formed of a series of bars
hinged or jointed to each other, one or more of the said joints being furnished with
a spring or springs, the said parallelogram connecting the lamp to a loop or clip
embracing the lamp holder on the machine. In my improved arrangement I
dispense with the hinges or joints, replacing them by helical or coiled springs.
These said springs and the rods forming the parallelogram are preferably formed
in one piece, but if preferred the springs may be securely affixed to the rods by any
suitable means.
There being no joints or loose parts in this arrangement, the
motion imparted thereto by the vibration of the machine when travelling, causes
no noise as in the ordinary plan, while the construction is simpler and cheaper.
The coiled springs should be wound in opposite directions to each other to
compensate the direction of the forces when the lamp receives a shock. It is not
necessary that the coils be situated exactly at the corners of a parallelogram, but
their arrangement must be a symetrical one to the vertical axis of the lamp.
For the improved switch I employ a sliding arrangement consisting of two wires,
each bent into the form of a hairpin. The prongs of these pins pass through holes
in the lamp casing on opposite sides, they are joined together inside the casing and
carry a projection or contact piece which in a certain position engages with a fixed
contact piece and closes the circuit. By virtue of their elasticity these pins will
remain in any position to which they are pushed, without requiring any additional.
spring brake or fastening, while the turning on or off of the lamp can be done with.
one hand. This in the case of cycle button hole and hand lamps is a great
advantage.
By merely pushing the hairpin device in one direction, the light is turned on,
and by pushing in the other it is extinguished.
I connect one wire from the electric generator or storage battery to the,
incandescent lamp while the other wire is connected with the hairpin device,
which in one position, as before stated, closes the circuit.
Dated this 19th day of September 1892.
AMBROSE MYALL,
21, Cockspur Street, London, S. W., Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Portable Lamps.
I, EDWIN FREUND, late of III/I Beatrixgasse 14", Vienna, in the Empire o
Austria, but now of 40 Great Smith Street, in the City of Westminister
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the construction of portable lamps, such as are used on
cycles, carriages and railway vehicles, or for other purposes, and the objects of my
invention are to provide in certain cases an improved means of suspension, and
where such lamps are of the incandescent electric form to provide an improved
form of switch, or means for turning the light on or off.
My improved mode of suspension is more particularly applicable to cycle,
carriage and railway lamps, electric or otherwise, while the improved switch is
more specially intended for use with cycle, hand and buttonhole incandescent
lamps.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings, which form part of this Specification,
Fig. 1, is a side elevation of an electric incandescent cycle lamp, having both
features of my invention combined therewith.
Fig. 2, is a plan, and
Fig. 3, is a back elevation of the same, but shewing a slight modification in the
suspension arrangement.
Fig. 4, is a diagram, illustrating the action of that form of the suspension
arrangement shewn in Fig. 1, and
Fig. 5, is a similar diagram, illustrating the action of the suspension arrangement
shewn in Figs. 2 and 3.
Similar letters of reference denote similar parts throughout the drawings.
In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A is the casing or body of the lamp, the dotted line B
indicates the reflector, and C C' are the terminal hooks to which the incandescent
lamp is attached in the usual way, the said lamp not being shewn in the drawings.
The well known suspension arrangement heretofore generally employed with
cycle lamps, consists of a parallelogram on each side, formed of a series of bars,
hinged or jointed to each other, one or more of the said joints being furnished with
a spring or springs, the said parallelogram connecting the lamp to a loop or clip
embracing the lamp bracket, or holder on the machine. In my improved
arrangement I dispense with the hinges or joints, replacing them by helical or
coiled springs. These said springs and the rods constituting the parallelogram are
preferably formed in one piece, but if preferred, the springs may be separate and be
securely affixed to the rods by any suitable means.
There being no joints or loose parts in this arrangement, the motion imparted
thereto by the vibration of the machine, when travelling, causes no noise as in the
ordinary plan, while the construction is simpler and cheaper.
Referring first to Fig. 1, D is the clip dropping on the lamp bracket on the
machine and secured by a thumbscrew E in the usual way. To the upper part of
the said clip a coiled spring F is affixed by means of its outer end F', the inner end
extends forward as a straight rod or lever F2, terminating in a second coiled
spring F, the inner end of which forms a short rod or lever F extending backwards
and affixed to the side of the lamp casing A. To the lower part of the clip
a similar arrangement is applied consisting of a spring H affixed to the clip by its
outer end H', a rod or lever H³, a spring H³ and a short rod or lever H*,
affixed to the lamp casing.
This arrangement, as will be seen, forms a parallelogram in which springs take
the place of hinges or joints, it is construction in duplicate, a set being applied to
each side of the lamp. The coiled springs should be wound in opposite directions

page_text: to each other, as shewn, to compensate the direction of the forces, when the lamp
receives a shock. It is not necessary that the coils be situated exactly at the
corners of a parallelogram, but their arrangement must be a symetrical one to the
vertical axis of the lamp.
In Figs. 2 and 3, the arrangement shewn is the same as that just described, with
the exception that the upper springs F F³ and levers F2 F* only are employed, and
I find in practice that for cycle lamps such single arrangement answers every
purpose of the double system, the lamp being so supported that it moves up and
down in a vertical line, without affecting the direction in which the light is thrown
forward.
In the diagram, Fig. 4, illustrating the action of the double arrangement, D is
the clip F, F, H, H³, the coiled springs, and F³, H2, the long levers, while the
dotted lines F, H', are the short levers. In this arrangement the system forms a
complete parallelogram and therefore the direction in which the beam of light is
thrown forward will remain unaltered by the vertical rise and fall of the lamp, due
to the vibration of the machine.
In the diagram Fig. 5, illustrating the action of the single arrangement, D is the
clip, F, F, the coiled springs the long lever and the dotted line F the short
lever. Now the lamp being rigidly attached to the short lever F, any motion of
the said lamp will alter the angle a, but the motion being communicated through
the lever F to the spring F, the angle will also be altered and the parts are so
adjusted that the alteration in each angle a and b is equal, so that they compensate
each other, consequently the direction of the beam of light remains unchanged.
Although the lamp shewn with my system of suspension is an electric lamp, the
said system is equally applicable to an oil, or candle lamp.
For the improved switch, I employ a sliding arrangement, consisting of two
wires J, K, each bent into the form of a hairpin, as shewn most clearly in Fig. 2.
The prongs of these pins pass through holes L in the lamp casing A, on opposite
sides. They are joined together inside the casing at M after insertion in the
holes Land carry a projection, or have one end bent or shaped to form a contact
piece N, which in a certain position engages with a fixed contact piece P connected
to one of the lamp terminals C₁, and so closes the circuit.
By virtue of their elasticity and consequent friction in the holes L through which
they slide, these bent wires J K will remain in any position to which they are
pushed without requiring any additional spring, brake or fastening, while the
turning on or off of the lamp can be done with one hand. This in the case of cycle,
buttonhole and hand lamps is a great advantage. By merely pushing the hair pin
device in one direction the light is turned on, and by pushing in the other it
is extinguished. I connect one wire from the storage battery, or other electric
generator which may be employed, to the lamp terminal C, while the other is
connected to the hairpin device, or this second wire may be connected to the lamp
casing A, when the same is made of metal, contact being made with the hairpins
through the holes in which they slide. The contacts between these holes and the
hair pins, as also the contact between the pieces N P being of a sliding or scraping
nature, the said contacts are always kept clean and in good electrical condition.
Instead of taking one of the wires from the generator direct to a lamp terminal C,
it may be taken to a second contact piece similar to P in connection with the said
terminal, there being a second projection on the hair pin device, similar to N
to engage therewith.
This second projection would necessarily have to be insulated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is :-
1. In a cycle, or similar class of lamp, a suspension arrangement, consisting
730
TO

page_text: 2. In a cycle, or similar class of lamp, a suspension arrangement consisting
of springs F, F³, and rods or levers F, F, integral with said springs, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
3. In a cycle, or other portable electric incandescent lamp, a switch, consisting of
wires J, K, bent into hair-pin form, passing through holes L in lamp casing, joined
together at M, and having a part N making contact with a piece P, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
4. In a cycle, or similar class of electric incandescent lamp, the combination of a
suspension arrangement consisting of springs F, F³, H, H, rods or levers F³, F., H, H*,
integral with said springs, and a switch consisting of hair-pin shaped wires J, K,
passing through holes L in lamp casing, joined at M and having a part N making
contact with a piece P, substantially as and for the purposes described.
5. In a cycle, or similar class of electric incandescent lamp, the combination of a
suspension arrangement consisting of springs F, F³, rods or levers F2, F1, integral
with said springs, and a switch consisting of hair-pin shaped wires J, K, passing
through holes L in lamp casing, joined at M and having a part N, making contact
with a piece P, substantially as and for the purposes described.
Dated this 19th day of June 1893
AMBROSE MYALL,
2, Lancaster Place, Strand, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.