A COMBINED GARDEN ROLLER AND SEAT
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Maude and Lorenzo Tindall, of Sherwood
Iron Works, Mansfield, in the County of Nottingham, for the Invention
of "A COMBINED GARDEN ROLLER AND SEAT."
Sealed the 14th August 1860, and dated the 17th February 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Maude and
Lorenzo Tindall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 17th February 1860.
We, JAMES MAUDE and LORENZO TINDALL, of Sherwood Iron Works,
Mansfield, in the County of Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A COMBINED GARDEN ROLLER AND SEAT," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention of "a combined garden roller and seat" relates to a novel
mode of constructing garden rollers, to the handles of which is adapted a seat
that is placed immediately over the roller, and is connected by stays or
brackets to the central shaft of the roller, and is therefore parallel to the
sides of the roller. The seat may be made of either wood, metal, or other
suitable material, and the handle of the roller forms an upright back to the
seat.
Connected with the stays or brackets which support the seat, and in con-
junction with the central shaft of the roller, are two stays projecting forward

page_text: from each end of the shaft, and in the same direction as the seat, to the ends
of which stays is connected an oblong or other shaped balance weight extend-
ing the whole length of the roller, and parallel to its length. This balance
weight forms a foot rest for the occupants of the seat, and it balances the
handle when the implement is used simply as a roller. While in action the
roller is drawn forward in the usual way, the back or handle being depressed,
and when used as a seat the back is elevated, and the balance weight rests
firmly on the ground in front of the roller.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Maude and Lorenzo Tindall in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 17th August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
MAUDE and LORENZO TINDALL, of Sherwood Iron Works, Mansfield, in the
County of Nottingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said James Maude and Lorenzo Tindall, Her special license
that we, the said James Maude and Lorenzo Tindall, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Maude and
Lorenzo Tindall, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A
COMBINED GARDEN ROLLER AND SEAT," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said James Maude and Lorenzo Tindall, by an instrument in
writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be perforined, and. cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I. the suid James Maude (on behalf of myself
and of the said Lorenzo Tindall), do hereby declare the nature of our said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters
and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
:-
This Invention relates to a novel mode of constructing garden rollers, the
object being to remove the necessity for stowing them away out of sight when
not in use, and to render them both useful and ornamental furniture for
gardens when not employed in lawn or path rolling. To this end we adapt
to the handle of garden rollers a seat, and connect therewith a foot rest, the
weight of which will ensure the handle (which forms the back of the seat.)
retaining a vertical position, except when depressed to bring the roller into
action.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shews in side elevation, and Fig. 2,
in front view our novel combination of garden roller and seat or chair. a, a,
is the roller cast in iron as usual, or it may be made of solid stone if thought
desirable. Secured to the axle 6 of the roller is the handle c, which is formed
of open work, wrought or cast iron, to constitute a broad back for the seat d.
This seat, it will be seen, is placed immediately over the roller, and is con-
nected by stays or bracket pieces e of cast-iron to the axle of the roller and to
the handle c. The seat d may be made of either wood, metal, or other
suitable material, and it is fitted with arms f, f, thus constituting a comfort-
able garden chair. Cast in one with the bracket pieces e are two stays e*,
which project forward from the roller axle in the same direction as the seat,
for the purpose of carrying an oblong or other shaped balance weight, extend-
ing in front of the roller along its whole length, and parallel therewith. This
balance weight forms a foot rest 9 for the occupants of the seat, and it balances
the handle when the implement is used simply as a roller. Cross tie rods
h, h, are provided between the seat and the foot-rest for giving stiffness to the
structure. When required to be brought into action, the roller is drawn
forward in the usual way by the handle (the back of the chair) which is then
depressed to bring it into the line of draught. After the rolling operation is
performed, the implement is to be drawn to any convenient part of the garden for
placing a chair. The handle being then released, it will rise to the position shewn
in the Drawing, when the balance weight will rest firmly on the ground iu
front of the roller, and the implement may be conveniently used as a garden
chair. To prevent ladies' dresses from being soiled by touching the roller,
wirework is applied between the seat and the foot rest, as shewn at Fig. 2.
Having now set forth the nature of our Invention of "A Combined Garden

page_text: Roller and Seat," and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
we wish it to be understood that, under the above in part recited Letters
Patent, we claim adapting a seat to a garden roller in the manner, and for
the purpose above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Maude, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
J. MAUDE. (L.S.)