Year: 1898

page_text: I, JOSEF KUDLICZ, of Bubna, near Prague, Bohemia, in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to plane grates with parallel firebars, and has for its
object to provide a mechanical appliance adapted to intermittently seize, from
a heap of fuel upon the rear end of the grate opposite the end near the fire
bridge, the quantity of fuel required for generating in a given time the desired
amount of heat, and to push the said quantity of fuel forward, i.e. towards the
fire bridge, whilst, at the same time, the fuel already spread over and burning
upon the grate is similarly displaced at the same rate and in the same direction
and the interstices between the firebars are freed from cinders.
According to the invention, the said apparatus is formed of a number of comb-
shaped stokers, arranged below the grate, crosswise to the direction of length
of the firebars, and of suitable mechanism, whereby the said comb-shaped
stokers are so operated that they first rise with their teeth passing through the
interstices between the firebars and penetrating into the fuel, and are then
moved forwards, towards the fire bridge, in order to push the fuel upon the grate
in the same direction and to clear the interstices between the firebars of cinders,
the teeth of the said stokers being then lowered below the grate and the stokers
returned into their rearmost position.
It will be readily understood that various arrangements can be employed for
operating the stokers in the described manner.
The fuel fed upon the grate by my feeding, stoking and cinder-breaking
appliance is coked upon the rear portion of the grate while the coked fuel is
burned upon the front portion thereof near the fire bridge, the gases evolved
by the coking process being caused to pass through the oxidizing flames above
the front end of the grate, whereby complete combustion is obtained.
Dated the 28th day of Januar: 1808
Gut Wide-breaker JOI FUace rates.
I, JOSEF KUDLICZz, of Bubna, near Prague, Bohemia, in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
[Price 8d.]

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to that class of mechanical appliances for automatically
stoking furnaces and feeding into them solid fuel in pieces, such as broken coal,
in which the fuel is gradually moved over the grate or fuel surface toward the
fire bridge.
The invention has for its object to provide a mechanical appliance adapted to
intermittently seize from a heap of fuel upon the rear end of the grate, opposite
the end near the fire bridge the quantity of fuel required for generating in a given
time the desired amount of heat, and to push the said quantity of fuel for-
ward .e. toward the fire bridge, whilst, at the same time, the fuel already spread
over and burning upon the grate is similarly moved at the same rate and in
the same direction and the interstice between the firebars are freed from
cinders.
According to the invention, the said apparatus comprises a harrow-shaped
stoking appliance arranged below the grate, and composed either of a number
of comb-shaped stokers extending crosswise to the direction of length of the
firebars and connected with each other by longitudinal bars, or of longitudinal
comb-shaped stokers connected by cross-bars. The said harrow-shaped stoking
appliance is combined with a suitable mechanism, whereby it is so operated
that it first rises with its teeth or blades passing through the interstices between
the firebars and penetrating into the fuel, and is then moved forward, towards
the fire bridge, in order to push the fuel upon the grate in the same direction,
and to clear the interstices between the firebars of cinders, the teeth or blades
of the said stoking appliance being then lowered below the grate and the
stoker returned into its rearmost position.
As in most furnaces the draught is stronger and consequently the combustion
more rapid in the middle portion of the grate than at the sides, it is sometimes
desirable so to construct the mechanical stoker and cinder breaker that it feeds
more fuel on to the middle portion of the grate than on to the side portions.
To this end, longitudinally arranged comb-shaped stokers are employed and
adapted to be separately operated either by hand or mechanically.
In some cases the said harrow-shaped stoker is provided with a second set of
teeth or blades, which are directed downward and of such a length as to touch
the bottom of the ash-pit during the return movement referred to above, and
thereby raka out the ashes and cinders. By preferonce, however, there are
arranged, for the purpose of removing the ashes and cinders, endless chains
running over chain pulleys below the front and rear ends of the stoking and
feeding device, these chains having their links provided with projecting scrapers,
and their slack lower part dragging upon the bottom of the ash-pit.
It will be readily understood that the adaptation to a grate of the feeding
and stoking appliance in question is considerably facilitated if the interstices
between the grate bars are arranged at a wider distance apart than usual, because
in this way the necessary space for the parts of the stoking device is provided
for beneath the fire bars. For this reason, firebars having a broad top are pre-
ferred, and as, on the other hand, the free space through the grate surfaco
would thereby be reduced, air passages are provided extending from the sides
to the tops of the firebars.
It is also obvious that a continually effective working of the stoking device
essentially depends on a permanently regular shape of the interstices between
the firebars. Consequently it is indispensable that the firebars should not be liable
to become distorted even though their top portion is considerably more heated
and more dilated than the base portion. To this end, the firebars, used in con-
nection with my mechanical stoker have their top part by preference divided
by recesses into a number of sections, which are free to dilate, the said recesses
forming the mouths of the lateral air passages,

page_text: The movement of the harrow-shaped stoking device may be continuous, that
is to say, as soon as the stoking teeth or blades have reached their rearmost
position, they may be again raised, pushed forward, lowered, withdrawn and so
on. It is, however, preferred to impart to the stoking device an intermittent
motion i.e. to cause it to stand still under the grate a certain time after each
rapid operation, as in this way the stoking teeth or blades are spared and kept
cool. The pauses between the separate operations composing the intermittent
movement are made controllable, in order to admit of the quantity of fuel fed
upon the grate in a given time being adapted to the nature of the fuel and
required generation of heat.
It is obvious that numerous different mechanisms may be devised for im-
parting the required movements to the feeding and stoking device, but the follow-
ing is preferred because it can be easily repaired and has given good results in
practice.
Below every second firebar, a longitudinal pipe is arranged, to which the
stoking teeth or blades for the interstices on both sides of the firebar above it
are secured in the manner of straps, and these pipes or tubes are internally
supported by rollers mounted between bars the ends of which are, by a common
crossbar, connected with slide-blocks movable in inclined guideways. Cams on
a rocking shaft suitably reciprocate the said slide blocks in their inclined guide-
ways and thereby cause the said bars to rise and descend, while the tubes are
moved forward and backward on the roller supporting them. by a link connecting
a crank on the rocking shaft with a cross bar to which all tubes are secured.
In order to have the rocking shaft intermittently operated for the reason
explained, a counter-shaft is provided for driving the rocking shaft, this counter-
shaft having motion imparted to it from a main driving shaft by means of belt
or rope gearing. With the said counter-shaft is geared a mechanism adapted
to shift the driving rope or belt from the fast pulley on to the loose one, after
each operation of the stoking device, and the loose pulley is in gear with an
adjustable ratchet mechanism, by which the rope or belt is sooner or later pushed
back on to the fast pulley.
In the accompanying drawings the herein briefly described mechanism is
illustrated as applied to the furnace of an internally Hued boiler.
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the boiler furnace the section being
taken on line 1-1, Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a rear end view of the said furnace:
Figure 3 is a cross section of the furnace on line 3-3 Figure 1:
Figures 4 and 5 are a sectional side elevation and a rear elevation, respec-
tively, drawn to a larger scale, of the rocking shaft and the mechanism actuated
by the same for raising and lowering and horizontally advancing and with-
drawing the feeding and stoking device, the tubular blade-carriers being
shewn in their lowermost and rearmost position:
Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 4, but shewing the supporting tubes
raised and
Figure is also a similar view, representing the tubes pushed forwards, to-
wards the fire bridge:
Figure 8 is a view corresponding to Figure 5, but shewing the cams in the
position they assume when the tubular blade-carriers are raised and pushed
forward:
Figure 9 is a cross section of a supporting tube, illustrating the manner in
which the stoking blades are secured to it:
Figure 10 is an end view of a tubular blade-carrier, shewing how these
carriers are secured to the cross-bar connecting them:
Figures 11 and 11* are a cross section and top view, respectively, of a firebar
provided with air passages:
Figures 12 and 13 are a part sectional elevation and part sectional top view,

page_text: respectively of the mechanism by which the counter-shaft is alternately thrown
into and out of gear:
Figures 14 and 15 are a sectional side elevation and cross section, respectively,
of a boiler furnace provided with my mechanical stoker and chains for raking
out the ashes and cinders:
Figure 16 is a top view of the front end of one of the tubular blade-carriers,
having secured to it two cinder grubbing teeth :
Figure 17 is a perspective view of one link of a cinder dredging chain:
Figures 18 and 19 are a sectional side elevation and cross-section, respectively,
of a furnace provided with separately movable stokers below each interstice
between two firebars:
Figures 20 and 21 are similar views of a slightly modified construction of
the said separately movable stokers:
Figures 22 and 23 are sectional side and front elevations, respectively, drawn
to a larger scale, of the front end portions of the stokers shewn in Figures 20
and 21 and of their supports:
Figures 24, 25 and 26 are side elevations of firebars with sectional top par-
tions:
Figure 27 is a cross-section illustrating the shape of the right hand air pas-
sage in Figure 26:
Figures 28 and 29 show several forms of cross section of these firebars.
As may be understood by reference to Figure 1, the coal gradually descends
upon the grate from the hopper 1, which is always kept full. The said hopper 1
is supported by the outwardly extended frame carrying the firebars 2 and rest-
ing on the two standards 3. The hopper 1 is closed at its top by two hinged
doors 4, 4 and at its rear side by a hinged door 5 which allows of the fire being
lighted. Above the said door 5, a tube 6 is inserted for the purpose of inspecting
the fire, the said tube being closed at its outer end by a glass plate.
The grate shewn is formed of firebars 2 having a triangular, downwardly
tapering cross section and a broad, cylindrically or otherwise bellied out or
vaulted fuel surface. Figures 1 to 3, 11, 14 and 15 show firebars, which have
formed in them flues 7 extending alternately from the right and left hand lateral
faces, to the top face, where they open in the shape of longitudinal slots. As
the said flues or air passages 7 have downwardly flaring sides, they operate like
nozzles, through which jets of air are forced into the fuel. As already stated
the described shape of the firebars 2 has for its object to provide below each
firebar the necessary space for the parts of the stoking appliance, and the air
passing through the passages 7 accelerates the combustion and cools the top
portion of the firebars.
As it is an essential condition for the smooth working of the stoking device
that the interstices between the firebars should always remain straight and of
uniform breadth, firebars of the form shewn in Figures 18 to 21 and 24 to 29
are most suitable. In these firebars 2, the air passages 7, instead of being
arranged alternately at the right hand and left hand lateral side as described
above, are arranged opposite each other and their common mouth 8 extends
across the whole top portion of the firebar, whereby a number of individual
firebars 2* are formed, supported by a common base or web 2. Each section 2*
is consequently free to dilate without any danger of distortion of the firebar,
and deformation of the interstices between the bars. In Figures 26 and 27
the lines I, II and III indicate sections of the air passsage in parallel planes,
thereby illustrating their shape In Figures 25 and 29, a shoulder 9 is shewn
round the inlet of the air passage 7 for reinforcing that portion of the web 2.
From Figures 28 and 29 it may be understood what forms of cross-section are
given to the top of the firebars.
It will be seen that the described firebars form a fuel surface composed of a
number of parallel channels having inclined sides along which the fuel slides

page_text: down to the interstices between the firebars to meet the air which supports com-
bustion. Ordinary stoking on such a fuel surface would cause the fuel to
become wedged into the channels, while with the stoking teeth or blades entering
the interstices between the firebars from below a complete combustion at high
temperature is obtained.
The invention, however, is not limited to firebars of the form shewn and
described, as any other suitable elements may be used for building up the fuel
Burface.
Also the hopper 1 referred to is no essential part of a furnace adapted to be
combined with my mechanical feeding and stoking appliance but may be replaced
by any known feeder, which keeps a heap of fuel upon the rear end of the grate.
Between the firebridge 10 and the cross-bar 11 supporting the front ends of
the firebars 2, a free space or gap 12 is left. This gap 12 is intended to receive
the slag and cinders, which the feeding and stoking appliance gradually pushes
over the front end of the grate, and during the operation of the furnace the said
space or gap 12 is always kept filled with slag and cinders in order to prevent
the cold air entering the ashpit below the grate from flowing into the flues of
the furnace.
Below each second firebar 2 is arranged a tubular carrier 13 for the feeding
and stoking blades or teeth 14. As clearly shown in Figure 9 the two blades
or teeth 14, 14 corresponding to the interstices on both sides of the firebar
below which the tubular carrier 13 is arranged, form a strap-shaped or yoke-
shaped piece, held in position by a screw-bolt 15 and stay-sleeve 16.
Each tubular carrier 13 is internally supported upon rollers 17 journalled
between two parallel bars 18, which have their front ends, near the firebridge 10,
bent upward in an inclined position and guided between rollers 19, 19 mounted
between the cheeks 11* formed on the underside of the front cross-bar 11 of the
frame supporting the firebars 2. The rear ends of the said bars 18 are connected
with each other by means of a cross-bar 20 bolted to them by means of screw
bolts 20*, and rigidly connected to slide-blocks 21 adapted to slide in the in-
clined guide-ways 22 formed in brackets 22* on the grate supporting frame, in
front of the standards 3.
The tubular blade-carriers 13 have their rear ends connected to a cross-bar 24
by means of straps 23 and nuts screwed on the screw-threaded ends of the
straps, whereby all the tubes 13 with their stoking blades 14 are made up into a
harrow-shaped device, adapted to be raised and lowered, and moved forward
and backward, in one piece.
Upon unscrewing the nut of the screw-bolt 20* connecting a pair of roller
carriers 18 with the cross-bar 20, the said roller carriers can be drawn out from
their corresponding tubes 13. After also unscrewing the nuts of the strap 23
of the said tube 13, the same can be easily withdrawn for repairs or renewal.
Below the hopper 1 a shaft 25 rests in suitable bearings, formed in the stan-
dards 3. This shaft 25 carries a crank dise 25* the crank pin of which is con-
nected by a connecting-rod 26 to the crank pin of a crank 27* on the counter
shaft 27. When the said counter-shaft 27 is rotated, it oscillates the shaft 25
through the angle comprised between. the lines N and V, Figure 1, and this
rocking movement causes one complete operation of the feeding and stoking
device. It is obvious that the shaft 25, instead of being oscillated by mechanical
power, can be oscillated by hand, by means of a crank, the movements of which
are suitably limited by stops.
The double cams 28, 29 mounted on the ends of the shaft 25, have for object
to reciprocate the slide-blocks 21 in their guide-ways 22 in order to raise and
lower the roller carriers 18. Referring to Figures 4 and 5, a cam surface 30
of the disc 29 (shown by a dotted line) first acts upon the axially movable cross-
pin 21 of the slide-block 21 and thereby causes this latter to rise in its inclined
guide-way 22, and thereby raise the feeding and stoking blades 14, which then
project between the firebars 2 in the positions illustrated by Figures 1 and 3.

page_text: In this raised position, shewn in Figures 6 and 7, the slide-block 21 remains
as long as the cam surface 31, concentric with the shaft 25 acts on the axially
movable cross-pin 21*. While the stoking and feeding blades or teeth are thus
kept in their raised position, they are pushed forward, towards the firebridge 10
by means of the curved links or connecting rods 32, which have their ends
jointed to the crank disc 32* secured to the shaft 25 and to the cross-bar 24
respectively. This pushing forward of the grid formed by the tubes 13, carry-
ing the stoking and feeding blades 14 is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7.
During the forward movement of the harrow-shaped feeding and stoking device,
inclines 33, formed on the discs 29 along the last portion of the cam surfaces 3.1',
cause the cross-pins 21* of the slide blocks 21 to axially displace themselves in
their seats. Consequently the said cross-pins 21* and the slide-blocks 21 are no
longer supported by the cam surfaces 31, and under the action of the weight of
the feeding and stoking device, the slide blocks 21 and the roller carriers 18
drop down again, along the guide-ways 22 into the position of these parts shewn
in Figure 4, whereby the feeding and stoking blades 14 are brought below the
surface of the grate.
As, however, it is desirable to impart to the slide blocks 21 a positive down-
ward movement, there is provided by the side of each cam disc 29 a second cam
disc 28, the cam surface 34 of which engages the corresponding cross-pin 21*
on its being axially displaced by the incline 33 of the disc 29, and as soon as
the rocking shaft 25 performs its return oscillation, the said cam surface 34
carries the cross-pín 21* and slide block 21 back into their lowermost position.
At the inner ends of the cam surfaces 34 of both discs 28, there are inclines 35,
by which the cross pins 21* are again moved axially in their seats, but in
opposite directions as before, and thereby are brought into engagement with the
cam surfaces 30 of the discs 29, as shewn in Figures 4 and 5.
As already stated, the rocking movement may be imparted to the shaft 25
by hand, with the aid of a suitable crank and stops. When the shaft 25 is to be
operated by mechanical power, the operation must be an adjustably intermittent
one, as the rate of feed must be adapted to the nature of the fuel and to the
amount of heat to be produced in a given time. With this view a counter-
shaft 27 already referred to is provided, this counter-shaft being adapted to rock
the shaft 25 by means of the crank 27*, connecting-rod 26 and crank disc 25*,
and having an intermittent rotary movement with controllable intervals imparted
to it from the main driving shaft by the following means:-
As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the counter-shaft 27 carries a fast rope or
belt pulley 36 and a loose one 37. By means of the worm 38 mounted on the
counter-shaft 27, and the worm-wheel 39 secured to the vertical shaft 40, this
shaft is rotated. The said vertical shaft 40 carries a disc 41 on the underside
of which is formed a tappet 42, this tappet serving to carry along, after each
full revolution of the shaft 40, a pin or arm 43 secured to the engaging and dis-
engaging rod 44, adapted to slide in bearings 45, 45. Every time the tappet 42
pushes the arm 43, and the disengaging rod 44 from the position shewn in dotted
lines into the position shewn in full lines, the fork 46 shifts the rope on to the
loose pulley 37, whereby the shafts 27, 40 and 25 are stopped.
The loose pulley 37, which is now rotated, has integral with or secured to it
a nose or projection 47, which, at each revolution of the said loose pulley,
impinges on an angular lever 48, loosely mounted on a horizontal shaft 49, which
is arranged above the counter-shaft 27 and parallel with the same. The said
lever 48 carries a friction pawl 50 engaging the groove of the disc 51 and thereby
intermittently rotating through a given angle the said disc and its shaft 49,
to which is secured another disc 52 having a cam 53 formed on one face. A
two-armed lever 54 one end of which engages in a slot in the disengaging rod 44,
is so displaced by the said cam 53 as to throw the counter shaft 27 into gear
again.
By the adjusting screw 55 bearing against the depending end of the pawi-

page_text: lever 48, the position of this lever can be so regulated that the throw of the
oscillations it makes under the action of the cam 47 can be varied from zero to
a given maximum. Consequently the quantity of fuel fed on to the grate is
thereby similarly regulated.
It has been before stated that the space 12 between the front end of the grate
and the firebridge 10 is kept full of ashes and cinders in order to prevent the
cold air from streaming through the ash-pit into the flues of the furnace. But
as the mechanical feeder and stoker continually pushes fresh ashes and cinders
into the space 12, the portion which siuks down into the ash-pit must gradually
be removed. This can be effected by rakes in the ordinary way, but it is pre-
ferred, to combine the mechanical feeder and stoker with a mechanical ash and
cinder dredger.
Referring to Figures 14 and 15, 56 is a shaft journalled in the standards 3
and adapted by suitable means to be continuously or intermittently rotated. At
all points facing the interstices between two tubes 13, the said shaft 56 carries
a chain wheel 57, and over these chain. wheels 57 driving chains 58 are run,
between the tubes 13, to other chain wheels 59, which are mounted between
the cheeks 11* formed on the underside of the front cross-bar 11 of the frame
supporting the firebars 2. The said chain wheels 59 are rigidly connected
with other chain wheels 60 arranged on both sides of them and of larger diameter,
and to these chain wheels 60 correspond chain wheels 61 loosely mounted on
the shaft 56. The chain wheels 60 and 61 are designed to operate the endless
ash dredging chains 62, the lower links of which are slack so as to be dragged
over the bottom of the ash-pit. As clearly shown in Figure 17, which is a per-
spective view of one of the links of the dredging chain 62, the side bars of the
link have downwardly extending scrapers 63 formed on them, these scrapers
being designed to push the ashes and cinders toward the rear end of the ash-pit.
In order that the ashes and cinders shall be regularly fed under the dredging
chains 62, there are grubbing teeth 64 secured to the front ends of the tubes 13,
as shewn in Figures 14 and 16. When the tubes 13, pushed into their foremost
position by the links 32, are subsequently lowered, the grubbing teeth 64 enter
the slope of the heap of cinders and ashes, and on the tubes 13 being moved
rearward, the said teeth 64 push a certain portion of the ashes and cinders under
the dredging chains 62.
In furnaces, where the draft is less strong and consequently the combustion
slower upon the lateral portions than upon the middle portion of the grate, the
described mechanical feeder and stoker would feed the fuel either too slowly
upon the middle portion or too quickly upon the lateral portions of the grate.
For furnaces of this description the invention is therefore modified by arranging
below each interstice between two firebars, a comb-shaped feeder and stoker,
which is adapted to be separately operated either by hand or by mechanical
means.
Figures 18 and 19, show a grate having such separately movable feeding and
stoking appliances arranged below it. The longitudinal bars 65, to which the
feeding and stoking teeth 14 are secured rest upon cross bars 66 and 67. The
front end cross bar 67 has its ends movable in vertical slots or guide ways 68
and passing through inclined slots in slide blocks 69, connected by rods 70 to a
lever 71. When this lever 71 is brought into the position shewn in Figure 18,
the slide blocks 69 are moved rearward and the front end cross bar is raised by
the inclined slots in the slide blocks. Consequently the front ends of the
stokers 65 are likewise raised and the handles 72 can be grasped at their rear
ends, and raised and the stoker pushed forward. Having thus operated the
stokers under the portions of the grate where feeding was necessary, the lever 71
must be turned back, whereby the front cross-bar 67 is lowered.
Figures 20 to 23 show a modified construction of separately movable stokers.
It will be seen that each stoker 65 has its front and rear ends passing through
stirrups or yokes 73 provided with journals 74, 74, which project through the

page_text: inclined slots 75 formed in the cheeks of brackets 76, which are secured to the
front end and rear end cross bars of the frame supporting the firebars 2. When
the stoker 65 is at rest, in its lowered and rearmost position, the stirrup 73 has
the position 73* shown in dots in Figure 22; on the stoker being pushed for-
ward, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 22, the yoke 73 is tilted, as shewn in
full lines, and thereby caused to jam itself upon the stoker 65. In order to
facilitate this jamming, a toothed portion 77 can be provided on the upper edge
of the stoker. The stoker being then moved farther forward, the trunnions 74
slide upward in the inclined slots 75, whereby the stoker is raised. Finally the
yoke impinges against the vertical shield of the bracket 76 and is thereby
brought into the upright position 731, in which it no longer jams the stoker 65,
while the trunnions enter the oppositely inclined top ends of the slots 75 The
stoker 65 thus raised can now be moved forward. On its being moved backward,
it first tilts the yoke 73 and causes the same to slide down in the inclined
slots 75, whereby the stoker too is lowered.
The coal, which by means of the described stoking and feeding device and
riving mechanism is carried over the grate from the hopper toward the fire-
bridge, at a given speed according to its nature, is, upon the rear portion of
the grate, gradually deprived of its volatile constituents, i.e. coked, and the coke
thus formed is burnt on the front portion of the grate with the surplus air, as
the interstices between the firebars are always kept completely free.
The gaseous hydrocarbons evolved by the coal upon the rear end of the grate
are obliged to pass through the incandescent oxygenous gases rising from the
front end of the grate and are thereby subjected to complete combustion. As the
fire chamber always remains closed, no interrruption of the combustion by an in-
rush of cold air can take place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim i.:-
1. A mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker for furnace grates, characterized
by the combination with the grate of means for keeping upon the rear end of
the same a heap of fuel, stoking teeth carriers arranged below the grate and
provided with teeth adapted to enter the interstices between the firebars, and
suitable mechanism for so moving the said stoking teeth carriers that they first
rise so that their teeth pass through the interstices between the firebars into
the layer of fuel upon the grate, afterwards move forward toward the fire-
bridge and finally descend and return into their rearmost position, substantially
as described.
2. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the first claim,
longitudinal bars (65) arranged below the interstices between the firebars and
carrying upright stoking blades (14), the said bars having their ends resting
on cross-bars (66 and 67) and the cross-bars (67) supporting the front end
having their ends projecting through vertical slots in fixed cheeks and through
inclined slots in slide-blocks (69), substantially as and for the purpose, described.
3. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the first claim,
longitudinal bars (65) arranged below the interstices between the firebars and
carrying upright stoking blades (14), the said bars having their ends resting
in yokes (73) the lower ends of which are journalled in inclined slots (75), sub-
stantially as and for the purpose, described.
4. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the first claim, a
driving mechanism, which intermittently operates the stoking devices, substan-
tially as and for the purpose, described.
5. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st and
4th Claims, means for controlling the intervals between the operations of the
driving mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st Claim, a

page_text: pair of bars (18) between which rollers (17) are pivoted, arranged under every
second firebar, parallel with the same, tubes (13) passed over the said roller
carriers so as to rest on the rollers, upwardly extending teeth or blades (14)
secured to both sides of the tubes so as to be placed below the interstices between
the firebars, mechanism for raising and lowering the roller carriers, and mechan-
ism for reciprocating the tubes along the roller carriers, substantially as described.
7. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st and
6th Claims, a cross-connection (24) of the rear ends of the tubular blade-
carriers (13) and a cross-connection (20) of the roller-carriers (18) which have
their upward bent front ends extending into inclined guideways and their cross
connecting bar (20) connected with slide-blocks (21) movable in inclined guide-
ways, the said slide-blocks being so reciprocated that they remain stationary
a given time in their highest and lowest positions, substantially as and for the
purpose, described.
8. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st, 6th and
7th Claims, a shaft (25) carrying cams (28, 29) which are in transmitting con-
nection with the slide-blocks (21) substantially as and for the purpose described.
9. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st, 6th, 7th
and 8th Claims, cranks (32*) formed on the cam shaft (25) and connected by
links (32) to the cross-bar (24) uniting the tubular blade carriers (13) substantially
as described.
10. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st, 6th, 7th
and 8th Claims, a rocking shaft carrying double cams (28, 29) between which
extend the lower ends of the slide-blocks (21) carrying an axially movable cross
pin, one cam having a cam surface (30) so acting on the cross-pin as to push
the slide-block forward a concentric surface (31) keeping the slide-block station-
ary and an incline (33) for pushing the cross-pin into engagement with the
other cam, which has a cam surface (34) for drawing the slide-block backward
and an incline (35) for shifting the cross-pin, substantially as described.
11. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st Claim, a
counter-shaft (27) adapted to drive the shaft operating the stoking appliance
and geared with the main driving shaft by belt or rope gearing, a revolvabie
tappet (42) in transmitting connection with the counter-shaft being adapted so
to operate after a given time an engaging and disengaging gear as to shift the
belt or rope to the loose pulley, substantially as described and for the purpose
set forth.
12. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st and
11th Claims, a mechanism geared with the loose pulley (37) and adapted so to
operate the engaging and disengaging gear as to shift the belt or rope to the
fast pulley, substantially as and for the purpose, described.
13. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker defined by the 1st, 11th
and 12th Claims, a ratchet mechanism (48, 50, 51) operated by the loose
pulley (37) and operating the mechanism for shifting the rope or belt from the
loose pulley to the fast one, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
14. In the mechanical stoker and cinder-breaker, defined by the 1st, 11th,
12th and 13th Claims, an adjustable stop 55 for the pawl lever of the ratchet
mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose, set forth.
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London.
Agents for the Applicant.