Improvements in and connected with the Tube System of Thermostats.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 7th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 6th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Tube System of
Thermostats.
I, ALEXANDER SHIELS of 190 Bath Street, Glasgow, M.B., C.M., B.Sc., do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to the tube system of thermostats and especially to what
are known as the "Shiels thermostats" for refrigerating chambers.
In the "Shiels thermostats" the tubes contain a sensitive fluid which expands
and contracts under varying changes of temperature and this expansion and
contraction is utilized to operate the mechanism for supplying cold to the
refrigerating chamber.
In the Specification of my prior Patent No. 6035 of 1891 I have described and
shown sensitive fluid tubes which are fitted in boxes arranged zig-zag wise round
the interior of the refrigerating chamber.
My present invention has mainly for its object to improve the construction of the
tube system and the boxes.
In this invention each nest of sensitive fluid tubes is fitted, at each end, in a Lox
or header. Each box or header is bored or cast with a longitudinal channel or
passage which has openings in it, at one side, corresponding to the number of tubes
forming the nest. The opening at one end of the channel is closed by a hollow
screw plug which has, preferably, a partly coned bead or collar on its external
surface. When the plug is fitted in place the bead touches the end of the header
and, owing to its coned shape, a V shaped groove is formed between it and the
header. A fillet of solder is run into this groove for the purpose of closing the plug
perfectly air and fluid tight.
The plug is made with a central hole which is coned or flared at each end. Into
the outer end of the hole a partly conic plug is fitted and secured tightly in place
by a screw cap.
The screw plug at the opposite end of the header is of the same construction but
in this case the coned plug is hollow and has an enlarged and internally screwed
part into which a tube is fitted which connects the header with the adjacent
header of the next nest of tubes or with the thermostatic mechanism as the case
may be.
The openings in the header for the reception of the sensitive fluid tubes, which
are, preferably, of drawn brass or copper, are bored out of exactly the same internal
diameter, at their inner ends, as the external diameter of the tubes so that the latter,
when inserted, will fit tightly in place. For about a half or one-third of their
depth the openings are bored out of a slightly increased internal diameter and near
the outer ends of the openings they are tapered or chamfered off. Solder is run
into the annular openings thus left around the tubes and is filleted off at the outside.
If desired the openings may be screwed or roughened internally for the purpose of
giving an additional gripping surface for the solder. The external surface of the
tubes may also be roughened for the same purpose.
The boxes or cases in which the tubes are placed are or may be made of wood
and are divided by a longitudinal partition into two parts. The upper sides of the
cases and the partitions are bored with air openings at intervals throughout their
lengths for the purpose of allowing a free circulation of the cold air of the chamber
around the tubes.

page_text: Secured to the front of each case are a number of, preferably, angled metal
plates or bars which are supported on and secured to the sides and central partition.
These plates or bars are or may be arranged obliquely to the length of the case.
The
The tubes are secured, in each case, by means of cross bars which have semi-
circular recesses or cuts in them. One cross bar is fitted to the back of the case
with the semi-circles upwards and the tubes are then laid in the recesses.
other cross bar is then fitted down on top of the first one in such a manner that the
semi-circular recesses in it face and are in line with those of the lower bar.
consequence of this arrangement the tubes lie in the recesses and are firmly held in
place therein.
As a
The oblique bars prevent the meat or other substance in the chamber coming in
contact with the tubes.
The cases with their nests of tubes are preferably arranged zig-zag wise round the
interior of the chamber.
The cases may be covered with protecting lids when the tubes are not in use.
Dated this 9th day of November 1893.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
Improvements in and connected with the Tube System of
Thermostats.
I, ALEXANDER SHIELS, of 190 Bath Street, Glasgow, M.B., C.M., B.Sc., do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
"
This invention relates to the tube system of thermostats and especially to what
are known as the "Shiels" thermostats for refrigerating chambers.
In the "Shiels thermostats as set forth in the Specifications of my prior
Patents Nos. 6035 and 30573 the tubes contain a sensitive fluid, which expands
and contracts under varying changes of temperature and this expansion and
contraction is utilized to operate the mechanism for supplying cold to the
refrigerating chamber.
.
In the Specification of my prior Patent No. 6035 of 1891 I have described and
shown sensitive fluid tubes which are fitted in boxes arranged zig-zag wise round
the interior of the refrigerating chamber.
My present invention has mainly for its object to improve the construction of
the tube system and the boxes.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have
hereunto appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section and Fig. 3 a side view of the
sensitive fluid tubes and their casing or box.
Fig. 4 is a cross section, to an enlarged scale, on the line x-x Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a cross section, to an enlarged scale, on the line y-y Fig. 1.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference numerals wherever
repeated indicate the same parts.
In this invention each nest of sensitive fluid tubes 1 is fitted at each end in a
box or header 2. And each box or header is bored or cast with a longitudinal
channel or passage 3 (see Fig. 5) which has openings 4 in it, at one side,
corresponding to the number of tubes 1 forming the nest. The opening 5 at one
end of the channel 3 is closed by a hollow screw plug 6 which has, preferably, a
partly coned bead or collar 7 on its external surface. When the plug is fitted in
place the bead touches the end of the header, and, owing to its coned shape,

page_text: a V shaped groove is formed between it and the header. A fillet of solder is run
into this groove for the purpose of closing the plug perfectly air and fluid tight.
The plug is made with a central hole 8 which is coned or flared, as shown, at each
end. Into the outer end of the hole a partly conic plug 9 is fitted and secured
tightly in place by a screw cap 10.
The screw plug 11 at the opposite end of the header is of the same construction,
but, in this case, the coned plug 9" is hollow and has an enlarged and internally
screwed part into which is fitted a tube 12 which connects the header with the
adjacent header of the next nest or with the thermostatic mechanism as the case
may he.
+
The openings 4 in the header, for the reception of the sensitive fluid tubes 1,
which are, preferably, of drawn brass or copper, are bored out of the same internal
diameter, at their inner ends, as the external diameter of the tubes so that the
latter, when inserted, will fit tightly in place. For about a half or one third of
their depth the openings are bored out of a slightly increased internal diameter and
near the outer ends of the openings they are tapered or chamfered off. Solder 13
(shown by the black lines) is run into the annular openings thus left around the
tubes and is filleted off at the outside. If desired the openings may be screwed or
roughened internally for the purpose of giving an additional gripping surface for
the solder. The external surface of the tubes may also be roughened for the same
purpose.
The boxes or cases 14 in which the tubes are placed, are, or may be, made of
wood and are divided by a longitudinal partition 15 into two parts. The upper
sides of the cases and the partitions are bored with air openings 16 at intervals
throughout their lengths for the purpose of allowing a free circulation of the cold
air of the chamber around the tubes.
Secured to the front of each case are a number of, preferably, angled metal
plates or bars 17 which are supported on and secured to the sides and central
partition. These plates or bars are or may be arranged obliquely to the length of
the case.
The tubes are secured, in each case, by means of cross bars 18, 18* which have
semi-circular recesses or cuts 19 in them. One cross bar 18 is fitted to the back
of the case with the semi-circular recesses upwards and the tubes are then laid in
the recesses. The other cross bar 18 is then fitted down on top of the first one in
Buch a manner that the semi-circular recesses in it face and are in line with those
of the lower bar. As a result of this arrangement the tubes lie in the recesses and
are firmly held in place therein.
4
The oblique bars preveut the meat or other substance in the chamber coming in
contact with the tubes.
The cases may be covered with protecting lids when the tubes are not in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. The special construction of the headers 2 and the method of fitting the
sensitive fluid tubes therein, substantially as herein before described with reference
to the drawings annexed.
2. In combination; the tubes 1 and headers 2, enclosing casing 14 and angled
plates 17, all constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 26th day of July 1894
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.