Year: 1898

page_text: I, HENRY ADLER, Box 352, Johannesburg, in the South African Republic,
Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of tubes and more especially to the
manufacture of tubes for use in the formation of tubular structures such as
the frames of cycles, motor cars and vehicles, the object being to produce a tube
that shall be less liable to distortion and alteration in form than is possible
with the ordinary circular tube at present in use and to more readily produce
structures such as cycle frames.
The invention consists of a tube either of angular or flat sided section as
preferred, or of curved section, having longitudinal strengthening ribs or bead-
ings either upon the interior or exterior and either singly or in groups and the
invention further consists in the production of such a tube from sheet metal
strip.
In carrying the invention into effect I produce a tube either of triangular,
square, or other flat sided section as I prefer or of circular or other form and
either by drawing through dies or by formation as is preferred from sheets of
metal with a brazed, welded or other longitudinal joint and I form upon the
tube longitudinal beadings either internally projecting or externally projecting
for the purpose of stiffening or strengthening the tube and of resisting tendency
to distortion or alteration of form under the stress imposed in use.
I prefer to employ a triangular, square or other flat sided section of tube
having the longitudinal beading along its edges either internally or externally
projecting.
For further enforcing or stiffening the tubes longitudinal webs may be intro-
duced in the beadings and brazed or closely fitted to the edges thereof or such
webs may be connected together centrally and brazed in' position or the con-
nected webs may merely be introduced and tightly fitted into position for the
purpose.
Instead of employing webs, enforcing strips may be applied to the interior
walls of the tube and secured thereto by brazing the edges or a circular enforcing
tube may be employed with an angular or flat sided section of tube and such
enforcing tube may either be tightly fitted into position within the outer tube.
or brazed as convenient.
To strengthen the portions of the tube where an axle is required to pass
through such as for the fork ends I widen the steel strips at that part press
them together into shape and then bore a hole through the outer casing and.
one or more strips of steel already widened out for that purpose or I insert a

page_text: piece of steel in the bottom of the fork and press it into shape after which the
hole may be drilled through.
In the construction of such a tube I prefer to employ a sheet metal blank
which is formed of the shape required in a press at one operation or in a series
of presses in a series of operations. or otherwise and its longitudinal edges
brazed, welded or otherwise connected together so as to form a complete tube.
In the formation of a structure such as a cycle frame from a tube made in
accordance with the invention of an angular section such as I prefer the sheet
metal blank of which the tube is formed is stamped or pierced with transverse
darts of suitable shape in determined positions so that the strip on each side may
be bent over to a shape corresponding to that of the frame to be produced, the
lateral parts so left being bent over in longitudinal lines and their extremities
connected or brazed together to form a complete and rigid tubular frame. The
darts permit of the bending of the tube and its formation to the necessary shape.
The angular parts may be enforced by sleeves so as thereby to procure a staunch
and rigid construction.
The metal strip of which the cycle frame may be composed may be provided
with holes through which a socket may be brazed or otherwise secured for the
reception of the saddle pin and for the reception of the steering tube socket.
Dated this 24th day of Sentember 1898
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.O., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
Improvements in and relating to Tubes.
I, HENRY ADLER, Box 352, Johannesburg, in the South African Republic,
Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of tubes and more especially to the
manufacture of tubes for use in the formation of tubular structures such as
the frames of cycles, motor cars and vehicles, the object being to produce a tube
that shall be less liable to distortion and alteration of its form than is possible
with the ordinary circular tube at present in use.
The invention consists in the formation of tubes with external or internal
projecting beading which may be enforced by stiffening webs.
The accompanying drawing illustrates various sections of tube made according
to the invention.
Figure 1, is a section of tube A. of triangular form with internal projecting
angular beading a.
Figure 2 is a circular section of tube B with external projecting beading b.
Figure 3 is a square section of tube C with external projecting angular
beading b
Figure 3 is a pentagonal section of tube C with external projecting angular
beading b.
Figure 3 is a hexagonal section of tube C³ with external projecting angular
beading b.

page_text: Figure 4 is an oblong section of tube C with external projecting angular
beading b.
Figure 5 is a D section of tube D with external projecting angular beading b.
Figure 6 is a triangular sectional elevation of tube A¹ with external project-
ing angular beading b.
Figure 7 is a cross sectional view corresponding to Figure 6.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of portion of tube in which one extremity A³
is formed of triangular section with external projecting angular beading b¹ while
the opposite end B₁ is of circular section.
Figure 9 is an oval section of tube E with internal projecting beading a.
Figure 9 is an oval sectional of tube E¹ with external projecting beading b.
Figure 10 is a triangular section of tube A3 with external projecting angular
beading in which stiffening webs F are provided.
Figure 11 is a triangular section of tube A4 with external projecting angular
beading bin which stiffening webs F¹ are employed which are formed integrally
in one piece and connected together at the centre of the section.
Figure 12 is a part section of angular form of tube A in which a stiffening
or enforcing strip F is provided.
Figure 13 is a part section of angular form of tube A6 having an external
projecting angular beading and a stiffening or enforcing strip F having a
concave curvature.
Figure 14 is a triangular section of tube A' with external projecting angular
beading and an inner circular enforcing tube B2; this section being of use for
carrying an axle or circular part where a tube of triangular section is employed.
Figure 15 is a circular section of tube B³ with internal projecting beading a.
Figure 16 is a circular section of tube B having external projecting beading
and stiffening webs F therein.
In carrying the invention into effect as illustrated in the drawings I produce
a tube either of triangular, square, circular, or other form, and either by draw-
ing through dies or by formation from sheets of metal with a welded longitudinal
joint, and I form upon the tubes longitudinal beadings either internally pro--
jecting such as a or externally projecting such as b for the purpose of stiffening
or strengthening the tube and of resisting tendency to distortion or alteration
of form under the stress imposed in use.
For further enforcing or stiffening the tubes, webs such as F may be intro-
duced in the beadings and brazed to the angular edges f as illustrated in
Figure 10, or webs such as F¹ may be connected together as illustrated in
Figure 11 and brazed into position or merely tightly fitted into position for the
purpose.
An enforcing strip such as F2 or F3 Figures 12 and 13 may be employed
which is brazed or otherwise secured to the interior walls of the tube or a circular
enforcing tube such as B2 may be employed with an angular or flat sided section
of tube as illustrated in Figure 14 and such enforcing tube B2 may either be
tightly fitted into position within the outer tube or brazed into position as
convenient.
For the purpose of convenience in construction tubes of circular or other
rounded section may be left plain at either one or both of their extremities or
at any intermediate part of their length and the main body of the tube may be
provided with internal or external projecting longitudinal beading or with an
angular section as illustrated in Figure 8.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
1.) The manufacture of tubes of the form substantially as herein before described
and illustrated.
2.) The manufacture of tubes of angular sections on which longitudinal bead-

page_text: ings are provided in the angular edges and in which enforcing webs may be
provided in the angular edges.
1 11
101 J Tona 1900
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.