Thermostat for Automatically Regulating the Supply of Gas or Liquid Fuel.
Year: 1888

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Thermostat for Automatically Regulating the Supply of Gas or
Liquid Fuel.
We, CHARLES PATULLO KINNELL of 65" Southwark Street London S.E. in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, and GEORGE ROTINIE of 21 Elthorne Road London N.
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the automatic regulation of heat in Hot Houses,
Buildings, Kilns or enclosed spaces; wherein a steady temperature is required and is
especially applicable where spaces are heated by means of Gas or Liquid Fuel.
The apparatus may be constructed in various forms, a simple method being in the
shape of an ordinary thermometer, having the upper portion of the tube divided into
two or more parts, through which the gases or liquid fuel for supplying the heating
apparatus is made to pass. While the temperature remains below a degree, the tube
is open.
If however the heat exceeds a certain determined point, then the quicksilver
or other liquid in the thermometer rises and enters this tube, and partially or wholly
closes the same, diminishing or shutting off the supply of fuel. The temperature
having fallen in the enclosed space, the quicksilver or controlling fluid recedes, leaving
passage for fuel open again, and apparatus in action.
Dated this the Thirteenth day of March 1888.
CHARLES PATULLO KINNELL.
GEORGE ROTHNIE.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Thermostat for Automatically Regulating the Supply of Gas or
Liquid Fuel.
We, CHARLES PATULLO KINNELL, of 65" Southwark Street, London S.E. in the
County of Surrey, and GEORGE ROTHNIE, of 17, Ashmount Road, Hornsey Lane,
London N. in the county of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention has for its object the automatic regulation of heat in hot-houses,
conservatories, Buildings, kilns, or any other enclosed spaces, where a steady temperature
is required.
The Apparatus may be constructed in various forms-a simple method being in the
shape of an ordinary thermometer having the upper portion of the tube divided into
two or more parts through which the gas or liquid fuel for supplying the heating
apparatus is made to pass.
While the temperaturo remains below a certain degree this tube remains open. If how-
ever the heat exceeds a certain determined point, then the quicksilver or other liquid in
thermometer rises, and enters this tube, and partially or wholly closes the same: thus
diminishing or shutting off the supply of fuel.
When the temperature in the building or enclosed space, falls below the required
degree of heat, the contraction of the air or other liquid in the expansion Bulb or
column, allows the mercury or other liquid in controling column to recede, thus per-
mitting the gas, or other liquid fuel to flow as before, thus increasing or diminishing
the quantity passing, according to the temperature in the enclosed space.
The amount of quicksilver or other liquid in the Thermostat will determine the
exact degree of heat at which this will open or close the tube, conveying the gas or
liquid fuel: Hence it is easy to add or to diminish that quantity and thereby regulate
the amount of heat as may be required.
We however provide a regulator, see Figures 4 and 5, by means of which any desired
temperature may be accurately and easily determined.
This consists of a screw, piston, or moveable rod, which enters the tube or Buib of
the Thermostat, and is fitted so, that it can be made to displace the liquid in the
Thermostat at the will of the operator.
By preference we construct this regulator in the following manner.
Between the fork of the V shaped tube, we provide a nut, and stuffing box, through
which a long screw is inserted. This screw has a small knob, button or other simple
contrivance attached, whereby it can be easily turned, the other end is inserted into
the quicksilver, or other liquid in the instrument: by turning this screw it is evident
that it will cause the liquid to rise or fall in the Thermostat, according as it is turned,
and so regulate the temperature.
And in order that our said invention may be clearly understood, reference is hereby
made to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts.
:

page_text: Fig. 1, is a sectional diagram in which the letter-a-is a glass or metal tube
having a bulb-b-at one end, and the other being divided in two at―c-through
which the gas, or liquid fuel is made to pass, as shown by the arrows.
The Ushaped portion underneath is partly filled with quick-silver-d-while the
rest of the tube and Bulb is filled with air sprits or other expansive fluid.
It will be seen that when this expands by heat, it will drive the quick-silver before
it, and so partially or wholly close, the cross tube at--and opening the same as the
heat may diminish. The required degree at which this will take place, may be
determined by the quantity of quick-silver placed in the tube.
Fig. 1, shows the cross tube open.
Fig. 2, shows it closed, another form is shown by Fig. 3.
Fig. 4, represents another form of the same in which a regulator is provided. This
consists of a screw Pin-e-having a suitable knob f, or other contrivance on the same,
whereby it may be easily turned.
The screw is made to enter the instrument, near the point G where a suitable nut,
backnut, and stuffing box is provided, thus preventing escape of fuel, and keeping
screw in position.
It will be seen that the screw is made to enter the quick-silver at-c-and so regulate
the height of the same, as may be desired.
Fig. 5, shows another form of regulator, in which a rod or piston--is provided.
This is made to enter the instrument near the part k, there passing through a plug,
or cork made of india-rubber-i-: this is formed of a piece of india rubber tube,
stretched over a conical shaped piece of iron-k-or other material, having a hole
through it, somewhat larger in diameter than the pin; this piece is made a little
shorter than the india rubber tube, and thereby, allows the ends of the rubber to
contract tightly round the pin, and so prevent the escape of gas: the outer
surface forming an elastic cork fitting hermetically into the portion of the Tube
above-c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, wo declare that what we
claim, is,
1st. The direct action of one liquid, to intercept, control or stop the flow of another
as heretofore described.
2nd. The adaptation of this principle, for the purpose, of regulating or controling
heat in enclosed spaces, and the method of applying the same.
3rd. The manner of regulating the action of such apparatus, by means of a screw,
or movable piston, as described.
Dated this 16th day of August 1888.
CHARLES PATULLO KINNELL.
GEORGE ROTHNIE.