Dyeing, Finishing and other Operations.
Year: 1885

page_text: Dyeing, Finishing, and other Operations.
I JOHN BURY HORROCKS, of 36 Radnor Street, Hulme, Manchester, Lancashire,
Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for AN IMPROVED
EXPANDING ROLLER FOR WIDENING OR TENTERING WOVEN OR OTHER FABRICS
DURING THE PROCESSES OF BLEACHING, DYEING, FINISHING AND OTHER OPERATIONS,
to be as follows:-
In performing my Invention I make a roller as follows:-A shaft bent in the
middle to the desired angle is supported at each side of the machine; on this
shaft are placed two similar loose cones with their smallest ends near together;
these cones are connected by a pair of bevel wheels secured to their small ends or
they may be connected in other convenient manner; the shaft and the cones are of
such relative angles that one side of the cones forms a straight line at right angles
to the frame of the machine. I envelope the cones with a spiral spring or with
rings of metal, cane or other substance extending from end to end to form a
parallel cylinder; over this cylinder I may secure an elastic covering composed of
a fabric, metal, or other material to complete the roller. The roller may be driven
by mounting a pulley or wheel on a tube fitted loosely on one end of the
stationary bent shaft to which tube one of the cones is keyed or secured.
.
I prefer to mount the cones on bushes which are free to turn on the bent shaft
and the cones may be made to allow steam to pass into them and when desired to
escape under the covering to steam the fabric.
When my improved rollers are employed in bleaching or similar wet operations
the elastic covering may be dispensed with.

page_text: Woven or other Fabrics During the TOCESSED OF DICACH
Dyeing, Finishing, and other Operations.
I JOHN BURY HORROCKS, of 36 Radnor Street, Hulme, Manchester, Lancashire,
Millwright do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for AN IMPROVED
EXPANDING ROLLER FOR WIDENING OR TENTERING WOVEN OR OTHER FABRICS
DURING THE PROCESSES OF BLEACHING, DYEING, FINISHING, AND OTHER OPERATIONS,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In performing my Invention I make a roller as follows:-A shaft bent in the
middle to the desired angle is supported at each side of the machine; on this
shaft are placed two similar loose cones with their smallest ends near together,
these cones are connected by a pair of bevel wheels secured to their small ends or
they may be connected in other convenient manner; the shaft and the cones are of
such relative angles that one side of the cones forms a straight line at right angles
to the frame of the machine. I envelope the cones with a spiral spring or with
rings of metal, cane, or other substance extending from end to end to form a
parallel cylinder; over this cylinder I may secure an elastic covering composed of
a fabric, metal, or other material to complete the roller. The roller may be driven
by mounting a pulley or wheel on a tube fitted loosely on one end of the
stationary bent shaft to which tube one of the cones is keyed or secured.
I prefer to mount the cones on bushes which are free to turn on the bent shaft
and the cones may be made to allow steam to pass into them and when desired to
escape under the covering to steam the fabric.
When my improved rollers are employed in bleaching, or similar wet operations
the elastic covering may be dispensed with.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an elevation of an expanding or stretching roller constructed
according to my Invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of Fig. 1. and Figs.
and 4 are sectional views of slightly modified rollers constructed according to my
Invention.
The bent shaft a is supported at each end in any convenient, manner and on the
shaft a are fitted loosely the two tubes or sleeves bb¹ on which are fixed the two
hollow cones c c¹ respectively which are geared together at the smaller ends by two
bevel gears d as shown in Fig. 2, or the cones may be connected by a spiral
spring as shown in Fig. 3 or otherwise to insure their simultaneous and uniform

page_text: rotation. The bend in the shaft a and the size and angle of the cones c c¹ are so
proportioned that the front or upper surface of the cones forms a straight horizontal
line. The cones are surrounded preferably by a spiral spring e the ends of which
are secured to the larger ends of the two cones, and this spiral spring e is enveloped
with a tube of sheet metal for with rings of metal or with other suitable device to
form a parallel cylinder leaving a space uncovered at each end on the front or
upper surface which is of course of greater longth than the lower surface owing to the
manner in which the cones c c¹ are set. The roller thus constituted is (or may be)
covered from end to end with woven or linked wire, spiral springs or other suitable
clastic covering g which is secured at the ends to the larger ends of the cones c c.
The woven or linked wire covering is preferably formed of angular or other
suitable section of wire in order to hold and stretch the fabric being operated
upon or a metal covering might be made by wire wrapped upon the body of the
cylinder spirally or otherwise and secured at the larger ends of the cone, as well as
at the centre of the roller if necessary.
When my improved roller is used for opening or stretching fine or delicate
fabrics the metallic covering may be dispensed with and an elastic fabric
substituted such fabric being used either with or without the metal tube f.
An advantage obtained through my improved construction of rollers is that when
stretching starched or dry fabrics steam may be admitted through, the shaft a
which is hollow for the purpose to the interior of the roller, which is perforated
where required to allow the steam to pass through to the fabric and soften it.
In the slightly modified construction of roller shown in Fig. 3 the cones c c¹ are
made rather shorter than those shown in Fig. 2 and instead of being connected by
gearing a spiral spring is employed the ends of which are secured to the two
cones c c¹. The outer elastic covering instead of being made of woven or linked
angular wire or other elastic covering throughout as in Fig. 2 is formed with a
length of spiral spring g in the centre of the roller which spring is connected to
the two side pieces 2 g² of suitable covering which is made preferably rather stiffer
or less yielding than the spiral spring g¹ so as to get a better scraping action near.
the edges of the fabric.
The construction shown in Fig. 4 is particularly adapted for use in stretching
fabrics which will bear widening out to a considerable extent.
In each of the constructions shown a pulley may be mounted on the tubo b in
order to drive the roller independently of the fabric and at a quicker speed than
that at which the fabric is travelling, if required. Pins also may be secured to the
outer covering when the roller is to be employed for tentering fabrics.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In expanding rollers or rollers for stretching or tentering fabrics, the.
combination with the bent shaft a or its equivalent, of two cones such as c c¹, said
cones being mounted loosely on said shaft and being geared together by toothed
wheels spiral spring or otherwise to insure simultaneous rotation, substantially as
herein shown and described for the purposes specified.
2. The combination with the bent shaft and two cones mounted loosely thereon,
of a suitable covering or coverings to form an expanding roller for stretching or
tentering fabrics, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
3. The construction, combination, and arrangement of parts forming the
improved expanding roller substantially as and for the purposes herein described
and as illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2.
4. The construction, combination and arrangement of parts forming the
improved expanding roller, substantially as and for the purposes herein described
and as illustrated by Fig. 3.

page_text: 5. The construction, combination and arrangement of parts forming the
improved expanding roller, substantially as and for the purposes herein described
and as illustrated by Fig. 4.
6. The use and application of a stationary hollow shaft, such as the shaft a for
the purpose of admitting steam to the interior of an expanding roller as described.
Dated this 16th dow of Tanuo 1906