IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT WATER OR STEAM to be as follows:- APPARATUS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 25th Jan., 1888
Complete Accented, 2nd Mar., 1888
Improѵещению
Purposes.
I, THOMAS HEAPS of Westgate Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Ironmonger do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT WATER OR STEAM
to be as follows:-
APPARATUS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
ג:
My invention consists, Firstly-in a new combination of heating pipes, and
Secondly, in a new means or method of connecting the top and bottom ends of such
pipes to the feed water or steam boxes.
In carrying out the first part of my invention, I make use of a pipe having six
sides (or I may use an oval pipe) two of which, however, are preferably less in width
than the remaining four sides. Within this six sided pipe, 1 insert an inner pipe,
round in cross section, the space between the two pipes forming a water space.
By this means, the hot water passing up the space between the two pipes, heats
the outer pipe which throws off its heat to the room, and the said hot water also
heats the round or inner pipe, the ends of which project through the top and bottom
feed water boxes, whereby cold air, conveyed from any source, passing up the said
round pipe becomes heated and is diffused from the top of the radiator into the room,
thus acting, if required, as an inlet ventilator.
In carrying out the second part of my invention, I propose to make the ends of
each pipe slightly taper, which I force by pressure into a corresponding hole or
opening in the hot water box, both top and bottom, and in order to make the joints
absolutely water-tight, a washer, composed of india-rubber or other suitable material,
may be employed for the ends of the pipes to be forced against.
Instead of making the joints of the inner pipe tight by pressure as above set forth,
each end of the inner pipe may have a screw thread formed thereon, and by means of
elastic washers, and screw threaded nuts, the inner pipe is screwedap top and
bottom, forcing the two hot water boxes towards each other, so that on screwing up
the said nuts, the central pipe answers all the purposes of a bolt and will hermetically
seal the joints of the six sided pipes which have their ends in the hot water boxes.
Where the inner pipe is not required for inlet ventilation, an ordinary bolt may be
used instead thereof.

page_text: By this means, less quantity of water is used, whilst two pipes are heated,
consequently, a larger amount of heat is given off from the same size of apparatus
than is now the case, whilst the method of fastening the top and bottom ends of the
pipes to the feed hot water boxes can be readily done and undone.
Either of the above methods of putting the radiator together enables every part to
be finished, polished, bronzed, or electroed, at a small cost, before being put together,
thus obtaining an ornamental and finished appearance and obviating the necessity of
employing coil cases usually employed to cover radiators, whereby the accumulation
of dust or dirt which are non-conductors of heat on the radiators is prevented.
The above methods of putting the radiators together also prevents any injury being
done to the previously finished parts of the radiator. By dispensing with the coil
cases, the radiators can be easily dusted.

page_text: Improvements in Hot Water or Steam Apparatus for Heating
Purposes.
I, THOMAS HEAPS, of Westgate, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Ironmonger, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention consists, firstly, in a new combination of heating pipes, and, secondly,
in a new means or method of connecting the top and bottom ends of such pipes to the
feed water or steam boxes.
In carrying out the first part of my invention I make use of a pipe having six sides
(or I may use an oval pipe) two of which, however, are preferably less in width than
the remaining four sides. Within this six sided pipe I insert an inner pipe round in
cross section, the space between the two pipes forming a water space. By this means,
hot water passing up the space between the two pipes, heats the outer pipe which
throws off its heat to the room, and the said hot water also heats the round or inner
pipe, the ends of which project through the top and bottom feed water boxes, whereby
cold air, conveyed from any source, passing up the said round pipe, becomes heated
and is diffused from the top of the radiator, thus acting, if required, as an inlet
ventilator.
In order that this part of my invention may be more fully understood, I herein
make reference to the accompanying sheet of Drawings wherein Fig. 1 is cross
section of a radiator shewing my improved combination of heating pipes. The
radiator consists of a number of hot water or steam pipes such as A placed side by
side (the number depending upon the size of coil or radiator required) the upper and
lower ends of which enter the hot water or steam feed boxes a and b which are
supplied with hot water or steam in the ordinary manner from any suitable or
convenient source. These pipes A are made with six sides (or they may be oval in
cross section) two of which sides, however, are preferably less in width than the
remaining four sides as shewn in plan view Fig. 2. Within this six sided pipe I
insert an inner pipe B, round in cross section, and smaller in diameter than the six
sided pipe A so as to leave an annular or water or steam space e between the two
pipes, the ends of the pipe B projecting through the feed water boxes a b. As hot
water circulates in the annular space between the two pipes the outer pipe A becomes
heated and throws off its heat into the room, and the inner pipe B also becoming
heated, the cold air entering into the said pipe from any suitable conduit. becomes
heated as it passes through the round pipe and is diffused from the perforated
grating d into the room, thus acting, if required, as an inlet ventilator.
The base of the radiator is connected by the channel e with the external atmosphere,
a valve closing this channel at pleasure, and when the outside air is shut off, the air
in the room passes through the grating and into the central air pipes B; thus,
either the fresh air, or the air of the room, is rapidly warmed and passes through the

page_text: grating d-without-producing any draught, and at the same time the heated external
surface of the pipes A heats the room in the ordinary way.
In carrying out the second part of my invention, I propose to make the ends of
each pipe slightly taper, which I force by pressure into a corresponding hole or
opening in the hot water box, both top and bottom, and in order to make the joints
absolutely watertight, a washer, composed of india rubber or other suitable material,
may be employed for the ends of the pipe to be forced against.
Instead of making the joints of the inner pipe tight by pressure as above set forth,
each end of the inner pipe may have a screw iliread formed thereon, and by means of
elastic-washers, or washers composed of any other suitable material, and screwthreaded
nuts, the inner pipe is screwed up top and bottom, forcing the two hot water boxes
towards each other, the central pipe answering all the purposes of a bolt and
hermetically scaling the joints of the six sided pipes, which have their ends in the
hot water boxes.
This part of my invention is shewn in cross section Fig. 1. A is the outer pipe,-
each end of which is made slightly taper and forced by pressure into corresponding
boles or openings g in the hot water boxes a and b, the joints being made absolutely
watertight by means of washers h-composed of indiarubber or other suitable material
or materials, against which the ends of the pipe are forced. The ends of the pipe B
are also made slightly taper and made tight by pressure in the same way.
Instead of making the joints of the inner pipe D tight by pressure as above set
forth, Emay-forin-an-external-scrow thread on each end-of-the-said-pipo-and-by-means
of corresponding screw threaded nuts i the said inner pipe is screwed up top and
bottom, forcing the two hot water boxes a and b towards each other and hermetically
sealing the joints of the six sided pipo A which has its ends in the hot water
boxes a and b.
By this means the central pipe B auswers all the purposes of a bolt, but it will bot
understood that instead of the pipe B forming a bolt, two, three, or more ordinary
bolts may be passed through the central pipes B in the radiator for securing the
said pipes B and pipes A to the hot water boxes, and though perhaps not so effective,
will answer the same purposes.
I
I find that by making the central pipe B answer the purposes of a bolt, or by
employing ordinary bolts, it is not absolutely necessary for the outer pipes A to be
forced by pressure into the holes or openings g in the hot water boxes a and bas
described, and in cross section Fig. 3 1 shew a modification of the method of making
the joints between the hot water boxes and the said pipes watertight. In this case
the ends of the pipe A are not made taper but are provided with necks / which rest
against washers 1, composed of india rubber or other suitable material, supported by-
flanges m in the interior of the hot water boxes so that on screwing up the nuts i, or
ordinary bolts as previously explained, the said pipe A is made perfectly secure and
the joints thereof watertight.
The ends n of the pipe A rest against the flanges m, and the parts o against the
-sides of the boxes a and b, thereby preventing springing or unseating of the
-said pipe.
By the combination of heating pipes herein set forth, less quantity of water is used,
and two pipes are heated, consequently a larger amount of heat is given off from the
same size of apparatus than is now the case; whilst the method of fastening the top
and bottom ends of the pipes to the feed hot water boxes can be readily done and
undone.
Either of the above methods of putting the radiator together enables every part to
be finished, polished, bronzed, or electroed at a small cost, before being put together,
thus obtaining an ornamental and finished appearance and obviating the necessity of
employing coil cases usually employed to cover radiators, whereby the accumulation
of dust or dirt-which are non conductors of heat-on the radiators is prevented.
The above methods of putting the radiators together also prevents any injury being
done to the previously finished parts of the radiator. By dispensing with the coil
cases, the radiators can be easily dusted,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
Firstly. In radiators employed for heating purposes, the combination with a six
sided or oval water or steain pipe such as A of a round air pipe such as B, placed
within the said six sided or oval pipe for purposes substantially as described and in
manner shewn.
Secondly. In radiators employed for heating purposes, the method of securing the
pipes A to the hot water feed boxes a and by pressure, and making the joints water
or steam tight by washers composed of india-rubber or other suitable material or
materials substantially as shewn and described.
Thirdly. In radiators employed for heating purposes the combination of round
pipes A, forming or answering the purpose of bolts, and nuts i, with the method of
socuring the pipes A to the feed boxes by pressure for purposes substantially as
described.
Fourthly. In radiators employed for heating purposes, the method of securing the
pipes A to the hot water boxes a and b by means of round pipes B and nuts i, and
making the joints water or steam tight by washers 1, composed of any suitable
material, resting on flanges m in the interior of the hot water boxes, substantially
as described and shown in Fig. 3.
Fifthly. In combination with the pipes A and B, where the latter do not answer
the purposes of bolts, of a number of ordinary bolts passing through the pipes B for
securing the said pipes A and B to the feed water boxes and sealing the joints thereof
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 24th day of January 1888
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.