A New or Improved Pile-wire for Looms.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th July, 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1822
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Pile-wire for Looms.
I, GUSTAV SEGSCHNEIDER, Machinist, of Yonkers, County of Westchester and
State of New York, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved pile-wire for looms of that class on which
cut pile-fabrics, such as velvets, velveteens, plush, Wilton carpets, etc. are woven-
said pile wire being provided at one end with a detachable blade or cutting knife
and at the other end with a head or eye for the engaging hook by which the wire is
pulled through the pile for cutting the same by the blade the object of the
improvement being to facilitate the cutting of the piles and to simplify the
construction of the pile-wire at its points of connection with the blade and with.
the head or eye.
The invention consists primarily of a pile-wire that is provided at one end with
a longitudinal groove and with a detachable blade that is inserted into said groove
and retained by a fixed heel arranged at the outer end of the groove and by a
spring that is inserted into the inner end of the groove of the pile-wire.
The invention consists further of a pile-wire that is provided at its opposite
end with a head or eye-the shank of which is provided with an
upwardly inclined
recess into which the correspondingly inclined end of the pile-wire is inserted a
gauge below the shank and a recess between the shank and the gauge so that the
pile-wire is on a level with the lower edge of the shank.
The invention consists further of certain additional details of construction
which will be fully described hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of my improved pile-wire for looms, said figure
showing the detachable blade at one end of the pile-wire and the head or eye
attached to the opposite end of the same.
Figure 2 is a top view of that end of the wire provided with the detachable
blade.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on line 3 3 Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the blade shown as detached from the pile-wire
and drawn on a larger scale, and
Figure 5 is a vertical transverse section on line 5 5 Figure 1.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.
Referring to the drawings-A represents a pile-wire for pile-cutting looms which
wire is provided at its outer end with a longitudinal groove a.
A blade B is inserted into the groove a and advantageously made of triangular
shape (as shown in Fig. 4) the inner slanting edge of the same being sharpened so
as to form the cutting edge of the blade.
The outer inclined side of the blade is blunt so as not to exert any cutting action
when the pile-wire is returned with the blade into its initial position ready for the
next cutting action. The base of the blade B is straight and blunt so as to bear
evenly on the bottom of the groove a.
The longitudinal groove a is produced in the wire either by means of a circular
saw or other suitable tool or in any other suitable manner-the blade being retained
in said groove by means of an inclined heel 6 which is soldered, braced or otherwise
attached to the outer end of the pile-wire A. and adapted to abut against the blunt
outer edge of the blade.
The outermost end of the pile-wire A has a slight backward inclination or curve e
away from a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the wire (as

page_text: shown clearly in Figures 1, 2 and 5) so that the pile-wire does not interfere with
the reeds during its going in motion as the slight curve or inclination e produces the
ready glancing off of the latter from the reeds in case it should catch or abut against
the same while it secures the more reliable working of the pile-wire in its motion
from one side of the loom to the other.
The inner end of the cutting blade B is retained in the longitudinal groove a by
means of a spring d the flat shank d of which is soldered, braced or otherwise
attached to the inner end of the
groove a.
The shank d may also be secured to the pile-wire by means of rivets but is
advantageously soldered into the groove a as thereby a smoother and more effective
fastening for the spring d is obtained inasmuch as slightly projecting and rough
parts are thereby avoided.
The cutting blade B may be readily inserted into the groove of the pile-wire by
being taken hold of by the thumb and forefinger-the thin sharpened end of the
blade being first inserted below the spring d and pushed in sufficiently far so that
the opposite blunt end of the same may pass into the groove without abutting
against the fixed heel b.
The base of the blade B being thus inserted into the groove a the said blade can
be readily pushed forward in the groove a until it abuts against the slanting heel b
against which it is firmly held by the groove and the retaining spring d..
The removal of the blade accomplished in inverse order.
Instead of using the fingers a pair of pliers may be used.
By this arrangement of the fastening device for the blade the same can be
quickly and conveniently removed from the pile-wire for sharpening the inner
slanting edge of same and can be quickly reinserted after sharpening whereby the
use of the pile-wire is considerably facilitated as the weaver can readily remove a
dull blade and reinsert a sharpened blade without the necessity of using any special
tools for this purpose.
Another advantage of the construction described is that the steel from which the
cutting blade is made can be subjected to a higher temper and consequently to a
longer use without 'requiring re-sharpening which is a great advantage in pile-wires
of this class.
Actual tests made with these pile-wires have demonstrated the fact that up to..
500 yards of pile-fabric can be cut by a blade without requiring the re-sharpening
of the same.
The opposite end or shank of the pile-wire A is provided with an upwardly
bent portion f which is inserted into a correspondingly inclined, recess fl in the
shank of the head or eye C by which the wire is pulled through the pile for cutting
the same.
'
Below the shank of the head C is arranged a pointed gauge f2 and between it
and the shank is arranged a recess f³..
The pointed gauge is fitted into a gauge arranged on the loom and enters into
the same when the head' arrives on the same.
By this connection of the end of the pile-wire with the head C the shank of the
pile-wire is on a level with the lower edge of the shank of the head so that the 4
latter abuts against the gauge below the pile-wire without exposing the latter to
the hammering action to which it was subjected heretofore at the end of the wire
and by which the same was liable to be injured at its point of connection with the
head so as to cause the breaking off of the wire.
By connecting the pile-wire with the head in the manner described the pile-wire
becomes much stronger and more durable at its point of connection with the head
than by the construction heretofore used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1.
claim is :-
1. A combined pile-wire and cutter composed of a pile-wire having a longitudinal

page_text: groove in its end a heel at the outer end of said groove, a spring secured to the pile-
wire at the inner end of the groove, and a detachable blade retained in position by
the heel and spring substantially as set forth.
2. A combined pile-wire and cutter composed of a pile-wire having a longitudinal
groove in its end, an inclined heel attached to the outer end of the groove, a spring.
the shank of which is attached to the pile-wire at the inner end of the groove and
a detachable blade having a sharpened inner edge and a blunt inclined outer edge.
substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with a pile-wire provided with a longitudinal groove in its.
end of a detachable blade inserted into said groove and means for retaining the
blade in said groove, the outermost end or heel of the pile-wire being bent at an
angle of inclination to the longitudinal plane of the pile-wire, substantially as set
forth.
4. The combination of a pile-wire having a shank with an upwardly inclined end
with a head the shank of which is provided with an inclined recess for the end of
the pile-wire said recess extending upwardly from the lower edge of the shank so
that the shank of the pile-wire is on a level with the lower edge of the shank of the
head substantially as set forth.
5. The combination with a pile-wire having shank with an upwardly inclined
end, of a head the shank of which is provided with a corresponding recess for the
end of the pile-wire, a gauge below the shank, and a recess between the shank of
the head and the gauge so that the shank of the pile-wire is on a level with the
lower edge of the shank of the head substantially as set forth.
T. 1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.