Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 20th day of May, 1887, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Borings.
We RICHARD RICHARDS of 4 Tokenhouse Buildings in the City of London
Engineer and HENRY ROBERT LANDON of 25 Alderville Road Fulham in the
County of Middlesex Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention the power is generated in any convenient place by
means of a dynamo machine actuated by steam or other motive power in the
usual manner the power being conveyed to the drilling apparatus by a cable of
sufficient length.
According to one method of carrying our invention into practice the apparatus
may consist of a powerful electric motor enclosed in a strong water tight cylinder.
This cylinder works up and down in an outer cylinder of steel iron or other
suitable metal and to the shaft of the motor (which works in a water tight bearing
in base of motor case) is attached the boring tool of any suitable description
required by the nature of the work.
The outer case is prevented from revolving by an automatic arrangement of dogs
or clutches which hold to the sides of the bore hole directly the apparatus touches
the bottom of the bore hole.
As
The whole apparatus is lowered and raised by a steel wire or other suitable rope.
in the centre of which is enclosed the cable containing the conducting wires.
a drill is worked by the motor which descends with it and the whole is easily
raised or lowered at will, it is evident that there is no possible limit to the depth
which may be attained provided the strength of the wire rope be sufficient to take
the accumulative strain.
For tunnel boring the motor would be mounted upon a carriage or in any other
convenient manner and the pressure applied by an arrangement of levers. By this

page_text: means small tunnels or drifts could be bored in positions where a Steam or other
motor engine could not possibly be placed.
It is obvious that other methods and arrangements of apparatus suitable for
carrying our invention into practice may be employed according to the nature and
position of the work to be accomplished our invention having for its object the
boring of the earth by the application of electricity either vertically horizontally
or otherwise apart from the character of the apparatus or mechanism employed
for the purpose of boring by such means being entirely new and of simple
application compared with the methods at present in use.
By the application of our invention Seams of Coal may be traced to such greater
depths than has been possible heretofore being applicable also for sinking wells for
supplying large Cities with an abundance of the purest water.
1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: New or Improved Means-and Apparatus Adapted for Boring to Great
Depths for Water, and Coal, or other Minerals by the Aid of
Electricity, Applicable also to Tunnel, Drift, and-other-similar
Borings:
We, RICHARD RICHARDS of Tokenhouse Buildings in the City of London
Engineer and HENRY ROBERT LANDON of 25 Alderville Road, Fulham, in the
County of Middlesex Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
According to this invention the power is generated in any convenient place by
means of a dynamo machine actuated by steam or other motive power in the
usual manner the power being conveyed to the drilling apparatus by a cable of
sufficient length.
According to one method of carrying our invention into practice the apparatus
may consist of a powerful electric motor enclosed in a strong water-tight cylinder.
This cylinder works up and down in guides in an outer cylinder of steel, iron or other
suitable metal and to the shaft of the motor (which works in a water-tight bearing
in base of motor case) is attached the a boring tool of any suitable such description
as is required by the nature of the work.
The outer case is prevented from revolving by an automatic arrangement of dogs
or clutches which hold to the sides of the bore-hole directly the apparatus touches
the bottom of the bore-hole sume.
The whole apparatus is lowered and raised by a steel wire or other suitable rope
in the centre of which is enclosed (or otherwise attached) the cable containing the
conducting wires. As the drill is worked by the motor which descends with it and
the whole is easily raised or lowered at will it is evident that there is no possible
limit to the depth which may be attained provided the strength of the wire rope
he sufficient to take the accumulative strain.
For innnel boring the motor would be mounted upon a carriage or in any other
convenient manner and the pressure applied by an arrangement of levers. By
this means small tunnele or drifts could be bored in positions where a steam or
other motor engine could not possibly be placed.
It is obvious that other methods and arrangements of apparatus-suitable-for
earrying our-invention into practice may be employed necording to the nature and
position of the work to be necomplished our invention having for its object the
boring of the earth by the application of electricity either vertically, horizontally
or otherwise apart from the character of the apparatus or mechanism employed for
the purpose, boring by such means being entirely new and of simple application
compared with the methods at present in-use.
By the application of our invention seams of coal may be traced to much greater
depths than has been possible heretofore the invention being applicable also for the
sinking of wells and for supplying large cities with an abundance of the purest
water.
And in order that our invention may he clearly understood and readily carried
into practice we will proceed to describe the drawings hereto annexed which show
several views of apparatus suitably arranged for carrying our invention into
practice.

page_text: A is a metal cylinder in which is fixed an electro-motor or motors. This cylinder
is suspended by a wire rope "a" from a pulley actuated by suitable hauling machinery
as is well understood. Enclosed in the wire rope and forming its core are two or
more flexible copper wires suitably insulated. This rope being wound round the
winding drum, one end is taken to an electrical a dynamo machine by which the
electric current is generated said dynamo being driven by steam, water or other
available motivo power and. The current is transmitted through the entire length of
the rope to the electro motor, which can be of any required power according to the
size of the hole to be bored.
The cylinder A which contains the motor has a flange "" on either side running
in corresponding grooves (not shown) fixed to or formed on the inner side of the outer
cylinder B thus the inner cylinder moves freely up and down but cannot revolve
if cylinder B is fixed.
The diameter of the outer cylinder B represents the size of the hole to be bored,
and said cylinder is itself prevented from revolving by four or any other suitable
number of clutches which are thrown out and take a firm hold of the sides of the
bore-hole. These clutches are arranged to act in the following manner:
"
At the end of the wire-rope a, Figure 1 is attached a slotted bar b, in which is
fixed a pair of "lazy tongs c, the top ends of which rest within a metal ring d,
supported on the outer cylinder e B. Figure 1* is a section of metal ring d and
weight f showing side elevation of tongs c. The lower ends of the tongs are turned
outwards and hold up (when in the position shown in fig. 1) a heavy circular metal
weight having an opening in its centre through which the bar band rope descend.
To arms on the sides of the weight fare pivoted four movable links holding the ends
of the clutches g, Figure 3* shows position of these clutches before the apparatus is
lowered.
Upon the apparatus being lowered to the bottom of the hole and its weight taken
upon the drill the bar b drops by its own weight in a cellar ring affixed to the head
of the inner cylinder 4, Figure 3. This forces in and the upper arms of the
tongs and being forced in as they pass through ring d releases the weight which
drops, the links doubling under it pushing down the heads of the clutches and
thrusting the points outwards and into the sides of the bore-hole, see us shewn in
Figure 3.
By taking a slight pull upon the rope and suddenly lowering, the whole weight
of the outer cylinder comes upon the points of the clutches, and wedges the
apparatus firmly in the borehole.
When it is required to wind up to the surface, the tongs again catch up the
weight and release the clutches taking them in clear of the sides.
As an alternative to the clutches, side-drills may be arranged actuated by the
motor and drawn in and out by the action of a weighted spring clutch: Or it may
be accomplished with the aid of an electro-magnet.
Figure 2 shows the side of the inner case, bolted on to allow of the insertion of
the motor also the doors fastened by fly-nuts to admit of the bearings being readily
oiled. is a plan of the top of the inner cylinder to which is bolted the collar or
ring h which holds the head of the bar 6 Figures 1 and 3.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of cylinders showing position of motor k and slow
motion gear. Under this gear and connected with it there is an arrangement of
cams to give a reciprocating as well as a circular motion to the boring tool.
The shaft m moves up and down upon the shaft n the inner shaft having a
feather upon it to cause the outer shaft to revolve. The cams are arranged so as
to allow the boring tool to fall suddenly after being raised to the required height.
Figure 4 shows a side elevation of cam and motion gear. Figure 5 shows details
of cains and the manner in which they are set.
The whole of the inner cylinder is made watertight and a stuffing box in which
the shaft m works is attached to the bottom.
Figure 6 shows a section of the tool for raising the loose stuff. A thin metal

page_text: sheath o is screwed to the bottom of the inner cylinder. In this sheath an
Archimedean screw p is arranged attached to a spindle which is screwed on to
the shaft connected with the motor. Above the screw there is a partition in which
suitable valves are arranged to allow of the borings and water to ascend into the
upper chamber when forced upwards by the revolutions of the screw.
The valves shutting by the weight above them prevent the contents of the
upper chamber from escaping and the whole is drawn to the surface and the
chamber then emptied by opening the side door u which opens outwards.
The upper chamber can be of any required length and capable of raising half a
ion of material at a time.
Figure 7 is an elevation and end section of the wire rope "a" showing the manner
of placing the conducting wires.
In the case of an electro-magnet being used to actuate the clutches two extra
wires would be placed in the rope beside those shown.
In the case of a diamond boring tool being used for well boring, the cam gear is
dispensed with and an arrangement of two circular diamond drills employed, one
working inside the other but in an opposite direction to overcome the tendency to
revolve the outer case but tre do not broadly claim the use of this arrangement.
To the main shaft of the motor, any and various tools may be fixed as occasion
requires.
Figure Schowe the method of applying our invention to tunnel and drift boring.
Upon a trolley r is placed the motor protected by a metal easing s. The wheels
of the trolley are set at an angle so as to bear fairly upon the bottom of the tunnel
but allowing ample room for the borings to be removed from underneath the trolley.
Affixed to the motor shaft in front of the machine the cutter frame is arranged to
which can be bolted any suitable number or arrangement of entters or drille. This
entter frame may be of various descriptions either extending or fixed as shown
at : Behind the trolley is fixed a moveable screw jack which is held in its place
by two or more steel points which press into the sides of the tunnel. Upon the
screw being applied the points take firm hold of the sides and the trolley is pushed
forward to the work.
In front of the trolley is provided space for a workman to watch the cutters and
direct the man working the serew-juek.
In place of screw jacks an arrangement of levers may be used to keep the
cutters to their work. A small cable may be used for this machine-being stapled
to the wall as the innnel proceeds. When required to withdraw the trolley the
wires-ure-disconnected from the terminals of the motor and the cable allowed to
remain in its place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1.-The-use-and-application of electricity to actuate-drilling or boring apparatus
for sinking shafts and boring tunnels and drifts to obtain water or cont and other
minerals-substantially as described.
21. The arrangement and application of electrical apparatus and mechanism adapted
for boring to great-depths for water and coal and or other minerals and for boring
tunnels drifts and other similar borings arranged to act substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein before described and as represented in the drawings
hereto annexed.
Dated this 3rd day of July 1886
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Agents for the Patentees.

page_text: We RICHARD RICHARDS of 4 Tokenhouse Buildings in the City of London
Engineer and HENRY ROBERT LANDON of 25 Alderville Road Fulham in the
County of Middlesex Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:
According to this invention the power is generated in any convenient place by
means of a dynamo machine actuated by steam or other motive power in the
usual manner the power being conveyed to the drilling apparatus by a cable of
sufficient length.
According to one method of carrying our invention into practice the apparatus
may consist of a powerful electric motor enclosed in a strong water tight cylinder.
This cylinder works up and down in an outer cylinder of steel iron or other
suitable metal and to the shaft of the motor (which works in a water tight bearing
in base of motor case) is attached the boring tool of any suitable description
required by the nature of the work.
The outer case is prevented from revolving by an automatic arrangement of dogs
or clutches which hold to the sides of the bore hole directly the apparatus touches
the bottom of the bore hole.
As
The whole apparatus is lowered and raised by a steel wire or other suitable rope
in the centre of which is enclosed the cable containing the conducting wires.
a drill is worked by the motor which descends with it and the whole is easily
raised or lowered at will, it is evident that there is no possible limit to the depth
which may be attained provided the strength of the wire rope be sufficient to take
the accumulative strain.
For tunnel boring the motor would be mounted upon a carriage or in any other
convenient manner and the pressure applied by an arrangement of levers. By this

page_text: means small tunnels or drifts could be bored in positions where a Steam or other
motor engine could not possibly be placed.
It is obvious that other methods and arrangements of apparatus suitable for
carrying our invention into practice may be employed according to the nature and
position of the work to be accomplished our invention having for its object the
boring of the earth by the application of electricity either vertically horizontally
or otherwise apart from the character of the apparatus or mechanism employed
for the purpose of boring by such means being entirely new and of simple
application compared with the methods at present in use.
By the application of our invention Seams of Coal may be traced to such greater
depths than has been possible heretofore being applicable also for sinking wells for
supplying large Cities with an abundance of the purest water.

page_text: We, RICHARD RICHARDS of 4 Tokenhouse Buildings in the City of London
Engineer and HENRY ROBERT LANDON of 25 Alderville Road, Fulham, in the
County of Middlesex Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
According to this invention the power is generated in any convenient place by
means of a dynamo machine actuated by steam or other motive power in the
usual manner the power being conveyed to the drilling apparatus by a cable of
sufficient length.
According to one method of carrying our invention into practice the apparatus
may consist of a powerful electric motor enclosed in a strong water-tight cylinder.
This cylinder works up and down in an outer cylinder of steel, iron or other
suitable metal and to the shaft of the motor (which works in a water-tight bearing
in base of motor case) is attached the boring tool of any suitable description
required by the nature of the work.
The outer case is prevented from revolving by an automatic arrangement of dogs
or clutches which hold to the sides of the bore-hole directly the apparatus touches
the bottom of the bore-hole.
The whole apparatus is lowered and raised by a steel wire or other suitable rope
in the centre of which is enclosed (or otherwise attached) the cable containing the
conducting wires. As a drill is worked by the motor which descends with it and
the whole is easily raised or lowered at will it is evident that there is no possible
limit to the depth which may be attained provided the strength of the wire rope
be sufficient to take the accumulative strain
For tunnel boring the motor would be mounted upon a carriage or in any other
convenient manner and the pressure applied by an arrangement of levers. By
this means small tunnels or drifts could be bored in positions where a steam or
other motor engine could not possibly be placed.
It is obvious that other methods and arrangements of apparatus suitable for
carrying our invention into practice may be employed according to the nature and
position of the work to be accomplished our invention having for its object the
boring of the earth by the application of electricity either vertically, horizontally
or otherwise apart from the character of the apparatus or mechanism employed for
the purpose, boring by such means being entirely new and of simple application
compared with the methods at present in use.
By the application of our invention seams of coal may be traced to much greater
depths than has been possible heretofore being applicable also for sinking wells
or supplying large cities with an abundance of the purest water.

page_text: And in order that our invention may be clearly understood and readily carried
into practice we will proceed to describe the drawings hereto annexed which show
several views of apparatus suitably arranged for carrying our invention into
practice.
A is a metal cylinder in which is fixed an electro-motor or motors. This cylinder
is suspended by a wire rope from a pulley actuated by suitable hauling machinery
as is well understood. Enclosed in the wire rope and forming its core are two or
more flexible copper wires suitably insulated. This rope being wound round the
winding drum, one end is taken to an electrical-dynamo machine by which the
electric current is generated by steam, water or other available motive power and
transmitted through the entire length of the rope to the electro motor, which can
be of any required power according to the size of the hole to be bored.
The cylinder which contains the motor has a flange on either side running in
corresponding grooves fixed to or formed on the inner side of the outer cylinder:
thus the inner cylinder moves freely up and down but cannot revolve.
-
The diameter of the outer cylinder represents the size of the hole to be bored
and is itself prevented from revolving by four or other suitable number of clutches
which are thrown out and take a firm hold of the sides of the bore-hole. These
clutches are arranged to act in the following manner :—
At the end of the wire-rope a, Figure 1 is attached a slotted bar b, in which is
fixed a pair of lazy tongs c, the top ends of which rest within a metal ring d,
supported on the outer cylinder c. Figure 1* is a section of metal ring d and
The lower ends of the tongs are turned
weight showing side elevation of tongs c.
outwards and hold up a heavy circular metal weight f having an opening in its
centre through which the bar and rope descend. To arms on the sides of the
weight are pivoted four movable links holding the ends of the clutches g,
Figure 3 shows position of these clutches before the apparatus is lowered.
Upon the apparatus being lowered to the bottom of the hole the bar b drops by
its own weight in a collar. affixed to the head of the inner cylinder h, Figure 3.
This forces in the upper arms of the tongs and releases the weight f which drops,
the links doubling under it pushing down the heads of the clutches and thrusting
the points outwards and into the sides of the bore-hole, see Figure 3.
By taking a slight pull upon the rope and suddenly lowering, the whole weight
of the outer cylinder comes upon the points of the clutches, and wedges the
apparatus firmly.
When it is required to wind up to the surface, the tongs again catch up the
weight and release the clutches taking them in clear of the sides.
As an alternative to the clutches, side-drills may be arranged actuated by the
motor and drawn in and out by the action of a weighted spring clutch. Or it may
be accomplished with the aid of an electro-magnet.
Figure 2 shows the side of the inner case, bolted on to allow of the insertion of
the motor also the doors fastened by fly-nuts to admit of the bearings being readily
oiled. is a plan of the top of the inner cylinder to which is bolted the collar
which holds the head of the bar 6 Figure 1.
gear 1.
Figure 3 section of cylinders showing position of motor k and slow motion
Under this gear. and connected with it there is an arrangement of cams to give a
reciprocating as well as a circular motion to the boring tool.
The shaft m moves up and down upon the shaft n the inner shaft having a
feather upon it to cause the outer shaft to revolve. The cams are arranged so as
to allow the boring tool to fall suddenly after being raised to the required height.
Figure 4 shows a side elevation of cam and motion gear. Figure 5 shows details
of cams and the manner in which they are set.
The whole of the inner cylinder is made watertight and a stuffing box in which
the shaft m works is attached to the bottom.
Figure 6 shows a section of the tool for raising the loose stuff. A thin meta
sheath o is screwed to the bottom of the inner cylinder. In this sheath an
Archimedean screw p is arranged attached to a spindle q which is screwed on to

page_text: the shaft connected with the motor. Above the screw there is a partition in which
suitable valves are arranged to allow of the borings and water to ascend into the
upper chamber when forced upwards by the revolutions of the screw.
The valves shutting by the weight above them prevent the contents of the
upper chamber from escaping and the whole is drawn to the surface and the
chamber then emptied by opening the side door q which opens outwards.
The upper chamber can be of any required length and capable of raising half a
ton of material at a time.
Figure 7 is section of the wire rope showing the manner of placing the conducting
wires.
In the case of an electro-magnet being used to actuate the clutches two extra
wires would be placed in the rope beside those shown.
In the case of a diamond boring tool being used for well boring, the cam gear is
dispensed with and an arrangement of two circular diamond drills employed, one
working inside the other but in an opposite direction to overcome the tendency to
revolve the outer case.
To the main shaft of the motor, any and various tools may be fixed as occasion
requires.
Figure 8 shows the method of applying our invention to tunnel and drift boring.
Upon a trolley r is placed the motor protected by a metal casing s. The wheels
of the trolley are set at an angle so as to bear fairly upon the bottom of the tunnel
but allowing ample room for the borings to be removed from underneath the trolley.
Affixed to the motor shaft in front of the machine the cutter frame is arranged to
which can be bolted any suitable number or arrangement of cutters or drills. This
cutter frame may be of various descriptions either extending or fixed as shown
at t. Behind the trolley is fixed a moveable screw-jack v which is held in its place
by two or more steel points which press into the sides of the tunnel. Upon the
screw being applied the points take firm hold of the sides and the trolley is pushed
forward to the work.
In front of the trolley is provided space for a workman to watch the cutters and
direct the man working the screw-jack.
In place of screw-jacks an arrangement of levers may be used to keep the
cutters to their work. A small cable may be used for this machine being stapled
to the wall as the tunnel proceeds. When required to withdraw the trolley the
wires are disconnected from the terminals of the motor and the cable allowed to
remain in its place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The use and application of electricity to actuate drilling or boring apparatus
for sinking shafts and boring tunnels and drifts to obtain water or coal and other
minerals substantially as described.
2. The arrangement and application of electrical apparatus and mechanism for
boring to great depths for water coal and other minerals and for boring tunnels
drifts and other similar borings arranged to act substantially in the manner and
for the purposes herein before described and represented in the drawings hereto
annexed.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Agents for the Patentees.