A MACHINE NOT HITHERTO MADE VSE OF, WHEREWITH TO MAKE CHOCOLATE MUCH FINER AND TO A GREATER PERFECTION, AS WELL AS AT A MUCH LESS EXPENCE THAN IT IS NOW MADE WITHIN THIS OUR KINGDOM
Year: 1725

page_text: GEORGE, by the grace of God, &c., to all to whom these presents snan
come, greeting.
WHEREAS our trusty and welbeloved JAMES WORKMAN, of our city of
London, Chocolate Maker, hath, by his petition, humbly represented vnto vs
that he hath, with much labour and pains, and at a very great charge, invented
"A MACHINE NOT HITHERTO MADE VSE OF, WHEREWITH TO MAKE CHOCOLATE
MUCH FINER AND TO A GREATER PERFECTION, AS WELL AS AT A MUCH LESS
EXPENCE THAN IT IS NOW MADE WITHIN THIS OUR KINGDOM;" and, having
humbly prayed vs to grant vnto him and his assignes our royal Letters Patent
for the sole vse and benefit of the said machine, for the terme of fourteen
yeares, according to the statute in such case made and provided; wee, being
willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions which may be of
publick benefit, are gratiously pleased to gratify him in his request.
KNOW YEE THEREFORE, that wee, of our especial grace, certain
knowledge, and meer močon, have given and granted, and by these presents,
for vs, our heires and successors, do give and grant, vnto the said James
Workman, his executors, administrators, and assignes, our especial lycence,
full power, sole priviledge and authority, that he, the said James Workman,
his executors, administrators, and assignes, and every of them, by himselfe or
themselves, or by his or their deputy and deputies, servants or agents, or such

page_text: others as he, the said James Workman, his executors, administrators, or
assignes, shall at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times dureing the term of yeares herein expressed, shall and lawfully may
make, vse, exercise, and vend his said new invented machine, wherewith to
make chocolate much finer and to a greater perfection than hath been hitherto
done within this our kingdome, as above described, within that part of our
kingdom of Great Britain called England, our dominion of Wales, and town
of Berwick-vpon-Tweed, in such manner as to him, the said James Workman,
his executors, administrators, and assignes, or any of them, shall in their
discretions seem meet, and that he, the said James Workman, his executors,
administrators, and assignes, shall and lawfully may have and enioy the whole
profit, benefit, comodity, and advantage from time to time coming, grewing,
accrewing, and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the
term of yeares herein menčoned; to have, hold, exercise, and enioy the said
lycence, powers, priviledges, and advantages herein-before granted or men-
tioned to be granted vnto the said Thomas Workman, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, for and during and vnto the full end and term of fourteen
yeares from the day of the date of these presents next and immediately
ensuing, and fully to be compleat and ended, according to the statute in
such case made and provided. And to the end that the said James
Workman, his executors, administrators, and assignes, and every of them,
may have and enioy the full benefit and the sole vse and exercise of the
said Invention, according to our gracious intention herein-before declared,
wce do by these presents, for vs, our heires and successors, require and strictly
command all and every person and persons, bodies politick and corporate, and
all other our subiectf whatsoever, of what estate, quality, or degree, name or
condition soever they be, within that said part of our said kingdom of Great
Britain called England, our said dominion of Wales, and town of Berwick-
vpon-Tweed, that neither they or any of them, during the continuance of the
said term hereby granted, either directly or indirectly do make, vse, or put in
practse the said Invention so attained vnto by the said James Workman as
aforesaid, nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor
shall make, or cause to be made, any addition thereunto or substraction from
the same, whereby to pretend himselfe or themselves the inventor or inventors,
devisor or devisors thereof, without the lycence, consent, or agreement of the
said James Workman, his executors, administrators, or assignes, in writing
vnder his or their hande and seales, first had and obtained in that behalfe,
vpon such pains and penaltyes as can or may be iustly inflicted on such
offenders for their contempt of this our royal comand, and, further, to be

page_text: answerable to the said James Workman, his executors, administrators, and
assignes, according to law, for his or their damages thereby occasioned..
And, moreover, wee do by these presents, for vs, our heires and successors,
will and comand all and singular the justices of the peace, mayors, sheriffs,
bayliffs, constables, headboroughs, and all other officers and ministers what-
soever of vs, our heires and successors, for the time being, that they, or any
of them, do not nor shall at any time hereafter, during the said term hereby
granted, in anywise molest, trouble, or hinder the said James Workman,
his executors, administrators, or assignes, or any of them, their or any of
their deputies, servants, or agents, in or about the due and lawfull vse
or exercise of the aforesaid Invention, or any thing relating thereto. Provided
always, and these our Letters Patente are and shall be vpon this condition,
that if at any time during the said term hereby granted it shall be made
appeare to vs, our heires or successors, or any six or more of our or their
Privy Council, that this our grant is contrary to law, or preiudicial or incon-
venient to our subiecte in generall, or that the said Invention is not a
new invention as to the publick vse and exercise thereof within that said part
of our said kingdom of Great Britain called England, our said dominion of
Wales, or town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed, or not invented and found out by
the said James Workman as aforesaid, then, vpon significačon and declaration
thereof, to be made by vs, our heires or successors, vnder our or their signet or
privy seal, or by the lorde and others of our or their Privy Council, or
any six or more of them, vnder their hands, these our Letters Patents shall
forthwith cease, determine, and be vtterly void to all' intent and purposes, any
thing herein-before contained to the contrary in anywise notwithstanding.
Provided also, that these our Letters Patents, or any thing herein contained,
shall not extend, or be construed to extend, to give priviledge into the said
James Workman, his executors, administrators, or assignes, or any of them,
to vse or imitate any invention or work whatsoever-which hath heretofore been
found out or invented by any other of our subiecte whatsoever, and publickly
vsed or exercised within that said' part of our kingdom of Great Britain called
England, our said dominion' of Wales, or town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed, vnto
whom like Letters Patents or priviledges have been already granted for the sole,
vse, exercise, and benefit thereof, 'it being our will and pleasure that the said
James Workman, his executors, administrators, administrators, and assignes, and
all and every other person and persons to whom like Letters Patente or privi-
ledges have been already granted, as aforesaid, shall distinctly vse and practise
their several inventions by them invented and found out, according to the true.
intent and meaning of the same respective Letters Patent and of these.

page_text: presente. Provided likewise, nevertheless, and these our Letters Patents are
vpon express condition, that if the said James Warkman, his executors or admi-
nistrators, or any person or persons which shall or may at any time or times
hereafter, during the continuance of this grant, have or claime any right, title,
or interest in law or equity, of, in, or to the power, power, priviledge, and
authority of the sole vse and benefit of the said Invention hereby granted, shall
make any transferr or assignment, or any pretended transferr or assignment
of the said liberty and priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or
profit thereof, or shall declare any trust thereof to or for any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, or shall open or cause to be opened
any booke or books for publick subscriptions, to be made by any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, in order to the raising any sum or sums
of money vnder pretence of carrying on the said liberty and priviledge hereby
granted, or shall by him or themselves, or his or their agent or servante,
receive any sum or sums of money whatsoever of any number of persons
exceeding in the whole the number of five, for such or the like intent and
purposes, or shall presume to act as a corporate body, or shall divide the
benefit of these our Letters Patents, or the liberty and priviledge hereby by
vs granted, into any number of shares exceeding the number of five, or shall
committ or do, or procure to be committed or done, any act, matter or thing
whatsoever, during such time as such person or persons shall have any right
or title, either in law or equity, in or to the said premisses which would be
contrary to the true intent and meaning of a certain Act of Parliament made
in the sixth year of our reign, intituled (An Act for the better securing certain
powers and priviledges intended to be granted by His Majestie by two
charters for assurance of ships or merchandizes at sea, and for lending
money vpon bottomry, and for restraining several extravagant and vnwarrant
able practices therein menčoned), if these our Letters Patents had not been
granted, or in case the said power, priviledge, or authority shall at any time
hereafter become vested in or in trust for more than the number of five persons
or their representatives at any one time (reckoning executors or adminis-
trators as and for the single person whom they represent, as to such interest
as they are or shall be intituled to in right of such their testator or intestate),
that then and in any of the said cases these our Letters Patents, and all
liberties, priviledges, and advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall vtterly
cease, determine, and become void, anything herein-before contained to the
contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding. And, lastly, wee do by these
presents, for vs, our heires and successors, grant vnto the said James
Workman, his executors, administrators, and assignes, that these our

page_text: Letters Patents, or the inrollment or exemplification thereof, shall be in
and by all things good, firm, valid, sufficient, and effectual in the law,
according to the true intent and meaning thereof, and shall be taken, con-
strued, and adiudged in the most favourable and beneficial sense for the best
advantage of the said James Workman, his executors, administrators, and
assignes, as well in all our courts of record as elsewhere, and by all and singular
the officers and ministers whatsoever of vs, our heires and successors, in that
said part of our kingdom of Great Britain called England, our said dominion
of Wales, and town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed, and amongst all and every the
subiects of vs, our heires and successors, whatsoever and wheresoever, notwith-
standing the not full and certain describing the nature or quality of the said
Invention, or of the materials thereto conducing and belonging.
In witness, &c. Witness our selfe, at Westminster, the Tenth day of
February
esummister,
By Writt of Privy Seal.
мпат
day or