Improvements in Gas Producers.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 16th May, 1891
TRUVIDIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Producers.
We, JOSEPH ELTON BOTT, of Eyam, in the County of Derby, Metallurgist,
WILLIAM MORTIMORE, of 649 Hyde Road, Gorton, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and FREDERICK HARVEY LINDLEY, of Redclyffe, in the
Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists in improvements in gas producers, whereby richer gas is
produced and cleaning out can be done whilst the producer is in action; we also
arrange our blast tuyères so as to protect the same from rapid destruction and
cause the blast to enter the producer in such a manner that an internal annular and
vertical zone of combustion is formed which prevents dilution of the resultant gases
by access of air from the outside, as is the case in other forms of gas producers.
We also prevent the escape of gas through the stoking holes by ball valves con-
structed with a centre hole, through which the stoking rods are passed, which hole
is placed at right angles to the stoking hole when not in use.
Our improved producer consists (preferably) of a circular vertical casing of
wrought iron lined with fire bricks or other refractory materials. The hearth is
constructed so as to have three ash-pits of water, intersecting which at equal
distances, are three iron tuyère chambers, which connect with the blast chamber
by suitable channels in the casing of the producer, the communication between the
two being so regulated that when the tuyères are in position for operation, the
openings are in juxtaposition, and when the tuyères are drawn out for cleaning,
the blast is automatically shut off from the same.
The blast is admitted from the tuyères into the fuel from ports at the sides of the
tuyères, the point of admission being about one third to one fifth the diameter of
the producer in distance from the centre of the producer, the space in the centre
being composed of refractory material, on which unburnt coal continually drops.
The ash and slag fall into the water and can readily be taken away. In order
to render cleaning out more easy, we construct our tuyères in two parts, the upper
of which slides in drawer fashion over the top and its sides and bottom being in
contact with water, the burning out incidental to ordinary iron tuyères is almost
entirely prevented.
Dated this 16th day of July 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Producers.
We, JOSEPH ELTON BOTT, of Eyam, in the County of Derby, Metallurgist,
WILLIAM MORTIMORE, of 649 Hyde Road, Gorton, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, and FREDERICK HARVEY LINDLEY, of Redclyffe, in
the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention consists in improvements in gas producers, whereby richer gas

page_text: producers in the series. E is the steam blast apparatus, E¹ is the blast box, E' is
a condensing trap for tar, &c., F. F. are brackets for carrying the blast apparatus,
and G is an annular blast chamber surrounding the producer and communicating
at one point with the blast blower and at other parts with the passages H con-
necting the same with the removeable sliding tuyeres I through the passages 11.
I are the outlets from the tuyeres into the producer, 13 are the removeable tuycre
fronts, and are hand doors for cleaning purposes. J are fixed troughs on which
the tuyeres I slide, K is the main firing door, L is the water ash pit or bottom.
M is a centre dividing cone of refractory material. N is the outlet from the
producer for the gases, N¹ is the downcomer or passage for the gases which
conducts the latter into the gas flue N³, and N³ is the main slide valve in down-
comer N¹.
O is the mushroom valve controlling the entrance to the downcomer N¹. O' is a
chain passing over a pulley and connecting the valve rod O with a counterpoise (³
to facilitate the manipulation of the valve O.
P. P. are side stoking holes and P is a swivel spherical stoking valve.
Q. Q. are the lower or clinker holes, which are closed on the outside of the
producer, by cast iron balls Q' supported by chains Q3 and RR are the crupper bar
doors.
By constructing a gas producer according to our invention we obtain the
following advantages.
The production of gas is rendered more regular owing to the blast entering the
producer midway between the centre and its sides, and by forming an annular zone
of combustion we prevent the intense heat usually found in the centre of gas pro-
ducers, our producers allowing a column of comparatively colder fuel to descend in
the centre on to the centre dividing cone M, which, burning more regularly,
prevents hollow spaces from being formed as found in other producers blown by
central tuyeres.
In addition to this the annular zone of combustion causes the fuel around the
sides of the producer to be the last to be decomposed and the passage of oxidizing
currents up the sides is obviated, thus preventing to a great extent dilution of the
gases and causing the resultant gases to leave the producer through the passage N
much richer in hydrocarbons than is usually the case in other producers; in our
case the exclusion of air from passing upwards round the sides of the producer,
most effectually reducing the proportion of nitrogen found in gases from other forms
of producers.
By constructing our tuyeres in the manner shown in the drawings we are enabled
to clean and repair the operating parts whilst working, as the tuyeres simply consist
of a reversed rectangular drawer I sliding on a supporting casting or trough J;
when the drawers or sliding tuyeres I are pushed up close to the central dividing
cone M, the steam blast from the passage H passes through the orifice I' and thence
along the tuyere and through the outlets I into the producer, the three tuyeres I
in combination with the central dividing cone M forming an annular zone of com-
bustion as hereinbefore stated.
The tuyere supporting casting or trough J is placed on the water bottom to
which it surrenders its heat and the water becomes gradually decomposed into
hydrogen, which enriches the final gas, and oxygen, which assists combustion,
without any diluting effect of nitrogen.
It will also be seen that all or any of the tuyeres can be withdrawn during the
working of the producer, by simply taking away the removeable tuyere front I³.
By so withdrawing it the upper surface of the tuyere I cuts off the blast by
closing the lower end of the passage H and enables the outlet orifices 12 to be
easily cleaned from time to time when choked by clinkers or slag if any should
form. In ordinary work, cleaning our producer is easily effected by removing the
hand hole cover 1 and using a suitable stoking tool.
Should it be necessary to replace a tuyere, this is quickly accomplished by entirely
removing the tuyere I and sliding a new one on to the supporting casting or

page_text: trough J which retains its shape owing to the cooling influence of the water
bottom or ash pit L, and in order to prevent the descent of fuel into the said casting
or trough J, ordinary crupper bars are inserted through the doors R R, so as to
hold up the fuel.
Another great advantage in our producer is our method and appliances for stoking
which are operated as follows:-
:-
The lower or clinker holes Q Q are closed on the outside of the producer by
common cast iron balls Q hung on chains Q2; these are easily pushed on one side
by a stoking bar, which when withdrawn allows the ball Q to swing back and
cover the hole, the usual slight deposit of tar effectually sealing the same.
The main stoking holes P are constructed with journals in which a spherical
casting P is mounted with capability of allowing a poker to enter through the
tapered hole in the sphere and permit the poker to be worked in every direction.
The tapered stoking holes in the stoking plate C are covered with heavy
spheres C² resting in cups formed in the stoking plate C, and the said spheres C
being perforated with holes through the centre capable of receiving a stoking tool,
it follows that by tilting the heavy sphere C, the hole therethrough may be placed
at such an angle as to cause the solid metal of the sphere to close the hole C¹, thus
preventing the escape of gas, whilst when it is necessary to stir the fuel in the pro-
ducer, the sphere C2 is turned so as to bring the hole therein into a vertical position
or nearly so and a poker is pushed through the hole when it can be operated in any
direction, the sphere C being heavy enough to close the orifice C¹ and prevent any
escape of gas, even whilst stoking,
We would here remark that we are aware that gas producers have been made
with water bottoms and removeable tuyeres, and self closing valves used for
stoking purposes, we therefore do not broadly claim a gas producer having these
features.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. In a gas producer, the sliding removeable tuyeres I having the inlets I' and
outlets I and sliding on the water cooled casting or trough J, together with the
combination of stoking valves C2, P1, and Q', all constructed and operated sub-
stantially as herein described and for the purpose stated.
2. In a gas producer, the combination of tuyeres I, central dividing cone M, and
the arrangement of the outlet passages I' of such tuyeres, substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 10th 1
J. ELTON BOTT.
WILLIAM MORTIMORE.
F. HARVEY LINDLEY.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.