A CERTAIN PLOUGH FOR COVERING WITH MOULD WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN WHEN SOWN
Year: 1817

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
NICHOLAS, of the parish of Llangattock Vibon Avell, in the County of Mon-
mouth, Farmer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of His United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of April,
in the fifty-seventh year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said
Edward Nicholas, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Edward Nicholas, my
exors, adiñors, and assigns, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "A CERTAIN PLOUGH FOR COVERING WITH MOULD WHEAT AND OTHER
GRAIN WHEN SOWN;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
that if I, the said Edward Nicholas, shall not particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the
same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery, within two
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages what-
soever thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in
and by the same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Nicholas, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following
description thereof (that is to say):-
It is used for the purpose of ploughing land and covering with mould wheat
and other grain when sown under furrows. It has five beams, which in the
Drawing hereto-annexed are marked A, A, A, A, A. To each beam there is
a spindle marked F, F, F, F, F, the spindle to the center beam having a
ploughsheare affixed to it, which turns the mould to the right hand and to the
left. The spindles marked F, F¹, have ploughsheares, which turns the
mould to the right, and those marked F, F, have ploughsheares, which turn
the mould to the left. Each beam has likewise a colter marked E, E, E, E, E.
The letters H, H, H, H, H, H, refer to the plough boards, and to the bottom
of which there is a piece of iron, which can be either put deeper or higher by
means of a screw, as occasion requires. It goes on three wheels, one on each
side, marked B, B, and one before the centre beam marked B. These wheels
can be made to rise or fall by means of the screws R, R, R, R. The beams
are connected together by means of iron sloates marked C, C, C, C, C, C, but
those marked C³, C², are double sloates. There are likewise stays marked
D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, which are fixed to the heads of the sloates, and assist
in connecting the beams together, and in keeping them down to their work, and
which stays are screwed down through the beams, and likewise through the
sloates which pass under the beams. There are likewise stays marked
I, I, I, I, from the centre beam to each of the spindles, excepting the centre one
to keep the spindles steady. G, G, G, G, G, G, are the feathers of the plough-
shares; K is the handle of the plough; L, L, are harrows for the purpose of
settling the ground after the ploughing of the land; M, M, M, are the hitching
hooks. The beams marked A2, A3,A', A², can be widened out to 0,0,0,0,0,0,
for the purpose of ploughing a greater surface of land. The beams marked
A³, As, may be taken off when only the outward wheels are to be used. The
centre beam, having a double ploughshare, may be used by itself for the pur-
pose of hoeing, when the two wheels marked B, B, may be used with it. The
centre spindle is fifteen inches long, the two spindles marked F1 and F, are
thirteen inches and a half long, and the two outward spindles are only twelve
inches and a half long. But the whole of the spindles can be made to go on a
plain surface by means of the screws marked P, P, P, P, P, P. And, more-
Lover, my said plough may be varied and adapted with regard to dimension and
formation, and is connected together by means of various screws, nuts, and

page_text: rivetts, and other well known devices not required here to be particularized,
and which any competent workman, in works of this and the like nature,
can devise and execute.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Nicholas, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventeen.
EDWARD (L.S.) NICHOLAS.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of June, in
the year of our Lord 1817, the aforesaid Edward Nicholas came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Sixteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventeen.