IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING LOZENGES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MANUFACTURING LOZENGES." A communication from abroad by Thomas
Robertson, of Toronto, in the Dominion of Canada.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1880.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
"IMPROVE-
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING LOZENGES." [A communication from
abroad by Thomas Robertson, of Toronto, in the Dominion of Canada.]..
This Invention has relation to the manufacture of plain, printed, and'embossed
lozenges by machinery in such manner that the lozenge material enters the machine
in the form of a sheet of lozenge paste at one end, and passes out at the other end
of the machine as finished goods ready for drying, the several operations of cutting,
embossing, and printing the lozenges being performed in succession by means of
automatically acting machinery working in unison with conveying apparatus, as
more particularly described hereinafter.
Referring to the accompanying Drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of a machine
in the construction of which my improvements are embodied.
Figures 2, 3, and 4 are sections on the lines a b, c d, and e f, respectively.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 are details of the cutting apparatus on an enlarged scale.
Figure 8, a detail of the lozenge conveying apparatus,
Figure 9, a longitudinal section.
Some portions of the machine are substantially the same as described and claimed
by me in a previous Patent, No. 4172, dated November 8th, 1877, notably the
lozenge conveying mechanism and driving gear, and need not therefore be again set
forth in detail.
A is the frame of machine constructed preferably of cast iron in the form shewn,
and consisting of two open sides connected by rails and bolts; B is the driving
shaft; B, the driving pulley; B2, B3, the driving gear of machine; B*, the hand or
fly wheel; and C, the machine shaft, to each end of which is fastened the chan-
nelled master wheels C, C¹. These wheels are provided with two inflected

page_text: channels C, C3, which as the wheels revolve cause rollers placed therein to rise and
fall with a stroke of definite extent and character, imparting motion to and governing
the action of the operating parts to which the rollers connect.
D is the cutter block placed at the front end of a frame D¹, which is hinged to
the main frame at d. This frame is connected by the roller D to the inner
channel of the master wheels, and has connected to it as the master wheels
revolve a reciprocating up and down motion on the fulcrum d as a centre. This
frame is counterbalanced, and is provided with adjusting screws d' for the purposo
of regulating the stroke to a nicety in relation to the cutting head E. This head E
is stationary and held in the jaws of the brackets E' on the frame A by screws o;
F are the lozenge cutters fastened to the underside of the head, with the upper edge
of their tubular base on a level with the face of the conveyor table G. The
lozenge conveyor table and conveyor bars are substantially the same construction
as that illustrated in my said Patent, of November 1877, with the exception that
ridges G' are provided for the purpose of arresting the momentum of the lozenges
at the end of each stroke, in order that they may be left in accurate position.
Another improvement consists of finger bars G2, which act with a drawing motion
in substitution for the push bars hitherto used. These finger bars are attached to
a crosshead, are bent downwardly at their front end, and pass through the open
stems of the cutters, drawing the lozenges (which are forced up after they pass
through) out of the cutter upon the table within the stroke of the next succeeding
conveyor bar. Haro the cutter guards which reoliove the cutters from the lozengo
paste.
The reciprocating hinged frame D¹ is provided with a feed apron I, which is
worked with an intermittent motion towards the cutters on rollers from an
eccentric 1' on the machine shaft, and rod, lever, and ratchet wheel connection.
The apron may be arranged simply as a feeding apron for the paste, or it may, as
shewn, be used as a feeding and cutting apron. In this latter case the front roller
is placed beyond the cutters, and the apron is stretched over a cutter block, inter-
posing itself as a moving cutting surface between the cutter block proper and the
cutters. J is the embossing head worked with a reciprocating up and down motion
in unison with the movement of the lozenges from the channel c of the master
wheel by the roller, rocking lever, and rod connection, as shewn. The embossing
block Jon the head is made detachable, and is hinged so that it may be turned
up for inspection when desired without detaching it from its fastenings. The face
of the embossing block is recessed at regular intervals to correspond with the
position of the lozenges and the design to bo produced. K is the printing head,
consisting of a rotary cross bar K', to which is attached four, more or less, printing
blocks K. These blocks are made adjustable on their supports, and are provided
with compression springs K, which act as a cushion, and compress when the
printing blocks are in contact with the lozenges. The printing head is operated
with an intermittent up and down motion over the conveyor table by means of the
rods, pivoted lever, and roller connection to the channel C of the master wheel
shewn, and with an intermittent rotary motion by means of the pivoted hook L on
the conveyor frame, and the sprocket wheel Lt. The hook L engaging with the
arm of the sprocket wheel at each forward stroke of the conveyor frame draws the
printing head around on the return stroke of the conveyor frame one quarter of "
revolution, thus changing the printing block at each stroke and presenting a new
printing face. The printing head is secured in position after each movement by a
spring locking block M, which bears on the respectivo faces of the block M' secured
to the cross bar K¹ of the printing head as the said shaft is turned, each printing
block having a corresponding face on the block M¹; N is the inking roller, and Ni
the ink distributing rollers. These rollers are supported in bearings upon a
bracket N, which is in turn supported by standards N³ bolted to the crosshead O
of the conveyor frame. Thus the inking roller has communicated to it a recipro-
cating motion to and from the printing head, which is rotated to present the edges
of the printing blocks in succession cach time the roller is brought forward. As the

page_text: roller recedes a pawl P pivoted on the stationary portion of the frame engages
with a ratchet wheel on the end of the roller shaft, and turns the roller around
one or more teeth, or a sufficient distance to present a freshly inked surface to the
printing block on the next forward stroke; Q is the lozenge receiving tray
working on slide bars placed underneath the conveyor table on the main frame,
and fed forward in unison with the delivery of the lozenges at the end of the
conveyor frame. Motion is imparted to the receiving tray from a toothed wheel
which is fastened to a shaft having a ratchet bracket wheel connection with a
rod 1 from the eccentric I¹; R is a scrap apron which receives the scrap from the
slide R' and carries it out of the machine, delivering it into the scrap box R³.
In the operation of the machine the paste is received on the feeding apron I
from suitable preparing rollers, and its front edgo is carried forward rapidly to the
cutters by the operator turning the handle i. When the machine is started the
cutter block is forced up to the cutters as a part of the hinged reciprocating frame D¹,
and the interposed paste is cut, and the lozenges retained in the base of the cutters
while the frame recedes. The succeeding strokes of the cutter block crowd the
lozenges upward in the base of the tubular cutters, and as they appear above tho
base they are series by series romoved by the finger bars G³, and drawn within the
reach of the conveyor bars. As the frame D¹ works up and down the paste is fed
forward at proper intervals, so that the cutters strike clear of the perforations made
on the previous stroke; the forward movement of the paste also carries the wasto
and deposits it upon the waste conveyor R. The cut lozenges now being within
the control of the conveyor bars are carried to and operated upon in succession by
the embossing head and the printing head, and are finally deposited upon the
receiving trays in rows at regular intervals ready for drying. The several operations
necessary to prepare and finish the lozenge are tined to be in unison one with the
other, and the construction of the machine is such that the whole work is entirely.
automatic, and is performed with rapidity and accuracy,
I claim as my Invention,-
1. The combination of a stationary cutter head, a reciprocating cutter block, and
an intermittently moving feed apron, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
2. The combination of a stationary cutter head, a reciprocating cutter block, and
an intermittently moving feeding and cutting apron, substantially [as and for the
purpose specified.
3. The combination of a stationary cutter head having tubular cutters, con-
structed and operating substantially as shewn, a reciprocating cutting block, and n
lozenge conveyor for transferring the lozenges from the cutters to a table placed
above the delivering trays, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. In lozenge machines the combination of a cutting head, an embossing head,
and a printing head with a conveyor table and conveyor bars adapted to transfer
and convey the lozenges from one bead to the other, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
5. The combination with a vertically moving printing head having printing
blocks which are intermittently rotated, of a reciprocating coloring mechanism,.
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
6. The combination with the intermittently rotating printing head, provided
with the block M³, having, facets corresponding to the printing blocks of the spring
locking block M, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
7. The combination with the printing head, provided with the sprocket
wheel L', of the reciprocating hook L, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
8. The combination of the channelled master wheels, the pivoted frame with
cutter block and intermittently moving feed apron mounted thereon with the
stationary cutting head, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
9. The combination of the channelled master wheels, the reciprocating cutter

page_text: block, the intermittently moving feed apron, the embossing and printing heads and
mechanism, substantially as described, for connecting and operating said parts
with a stationary cutter head, the lozenge conveying mechanism and the receiving
trays, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my 5
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, A.D. 1880.
TT T TTADDAN