IMPROVEMENTS IN LAVATORIES, THE BASINS, COCKS, TAPS, VALVES, AND APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES, FOR CONTROLLING AND REGULATING THE DISCHARGE OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING WASTE
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Tylor, of No. 2, Newgate Street, in the
City of London, Brassfounder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAVATORIES, THE BASINS, COCKS, TAPS, VALVES, AND APPARATUS AND
ARRANGEMENTS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES, FOR CONTROLLING AND REGULATING THE
DISCHARGE OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING WASTE."
Scaled the 6th February 1872, and dated the 3rd November 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Tylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd November 1871.
I, ALFRED TYLOR, of No. 2, Newgate Street, in the City of London,
Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAVATORIES, THE BASINS, COCKS, TAPS, VALVES, AND
APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH Iм-
PROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES, FOR CONTROLLING AND

page_text: REGULATING THE DISCHARGE OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING Waste,”
to be as follows:—
This Invention has for its object the constructing and arranging of
lavatories, the basins, cocks, taps, valves, and other apparatus and
arrangements connected therewith in such a manner as to secure greater
convenience in their use, greater freedom from derangement, greater
facility in repair, and more rapid emptying of the basins, with avoidance
of the risk of overflow from the supply pipes being left open, and
also of the necessity of having to break the joints and remove the
basins, or pull the apparatus to pieces in case of obstruction of the
outlet pipes.
In order to carry out my Invention so as to obtain the above-named
improvements and so as to secure strength, cleanliness, and diminish the
amount of woodwork and plumbers' fittings, I formed the basins of
strong clay, china, earthenware, cast iron, or other suitable or convenient
material, or a combination thereof, and of any suitable form or size, in
such a manner that the tube, pipe, passage, or portion provided for the
escape of the waste or overflow water is much larger than they have been
hitherto usually made, and so that it may form part of the basin, or be
so attached to it that it acts as though it were so made; and in this
same tube, pipe, passage, or portion I place the working parts connected
with the admitting or letting off of the water, which are thus closed in or
concealed from sight, and arc out of the way and free from risk of
damage.
By this arrangement and making the parts and tube, pipe, passage,
or portion of a sufficient size, these parts can be removed from the
tube, pipe, passage, or portion in which they are placed so as to leave
the outlet or waste clear of obstruction to the passage of a rod or
other means required to clear the pipe, tube, passage, or portion, and
then replaced, thus avoiding the necessity of having to break joints or
disconnect the pipes, or remove the basin, or take the apparatus to
pieces, and the basin from its large outlet opening is emptied almost
instantly.
In order to carry out that part of my Invention which relates to the
cocks, taps, or valves and other apparatus connected with the outer
supply to the said basins, I employ a moveable portion or valve formed
of metal or other convenient or suitable material, or of a combination

page_text: of the same of a spherical or other convenient form, which may be
contained in an inner case, socket, cage, or cylinder, either fixed or
moveable, enclosed in the shell or body of the cock or tap, valve, box, or
casing, or it may be contained in the shell or body casing or valve box
without the inner case, socket, cage, or cylinder. This moveable valve
portion is so arranged as to be lifted from its seat by the act of setting
the cock, tap, or valve in operation, and come into action by the pressure
or motion of the water, the moment its operation is needed to prevent
waste or the escape of the water on the required amount for which it is
adjusted having been drawn off, the time of its falling being regulated by
the weight of the same, the fitting of the parts, the height to which it is
raised, and the freedom of escape given to the cushion of water below
it, thus preventing the ill effects of any negligence in closing it on the
part of the person who opened it, as the valve closes of itself when
required.
I also arrange this part of my Invention in such a manner as to limit
the waste and prevent the further escape of the water from the main or
other source of supply on those occasions when it may be found
necessary to detach the valve, cock, or tap, or other connection for
inspection or repair, and so that it shall only come into operation
at the precise moment its services are required to prevent the escape of
the water.
When applied to a valve, cock, or tap the moveable valve or portion
of the selected form may be enclosed in a cylinder, socket, or cage, or
other suitably formed receptacle, either fixed or moveable, and enclosed
in the shell case or body of the valve, cock, or tap, and so arranged by
means of a spindle and piston, or spindles and pistons, working in a
cylinder or cylinders, that on opening the valve, cock, or tap by moving
the piston or pistons which may be attached to or be in contact with
the moveable valve or portion, it is put into action, and on the amount
of water for which it is adjusted having been allowed to pass off it closes
of its own accord the exit opening and shuts off the supply, not coming
again into action until the valve, cock, or tap is again opened, when a
like result ensues.
By means of this self-closing action waste of water is prevented, and
its control. rendered independent of the person who set it in action, when
the valve, cock, or tap is provided with two pistons and spindles, one of
them may be connected with, or attached to, or be in contact with the

page_text: moveable valve or portion or come into contact with it when put in
action, the motion of the other piston causing the valve, cock, or tap to
operate and a pipe or passage connecting the spaces above and below
one of the pistons being provided, the weight of the movable valve or
portion and the height to which it is raised, together with the fitting of 5
the parts, and the time it takes to allow the water or air to pass from
one space to the other in connection with the piston regulates the
amount of the liquid or fluid drawn off; one of the pistons may be
placed near to the other or distant from it, and connected by a pipe, tube,
or passage containing air or liquid, and in the same cylinder or in a 1
separate one.
Where the moveable spindles, rods, or other arrangements employed
to actuate the valve, cock, or tap pass through the shell case or body of
the cock, valve, or tap, or where it is required to have a tight joint, I
arrange them so that the liquid or fluid to be drawn off, or the pressure 1
of the water from the main or source of supply does not remain in them
or only acts when the valve is in operation, by which means their
durability is greatly increased.
When used for drawing off or controlling the passage of heated
liquids or fluids this arrangement will be found very advantageous, as
the heat will be kept off from these parts, and the cock, tap, or valve
will work better.
The actuating piston may be screwed or plain and the spindle also,
and have a socket attached, which may be fixed or moveable as required,
or it may be operated by a cylinder having a screw formed on its
exterior fitting into a screw formed on the fixed portion of the case or
body or valve box, which when turned sets the valve, cock, or tap in
action.
When arranged so as to prevent the escape or waste of water from the
main or other source of supply on those occasions when it may be
required to detach the valve, cock, or tap, or other connection, and
when it is not desired or convenient to shut off the supply altogether I
employ a moveable valve or portion contained in a case or shell attached
to the main or source of supply, and provided with a face seat or
surface on which it rests when in action, and closes the exit opening and
makes a water-tight joint. When the cock, valve, or tap, or other
connection is removed, and so that the cock, valve, tap, or connection on

page_text: being screwed into its place shall cause this moveable valve or portion to
recede from its place seat or surface, through the end of the part of the
cock, valve, tap, or connection on entering its socket, opening, or re-
ceptacle coming into contact with the said moveable valve or portion,
and gradually moving it off its face seat or surface as it enters,
and so retaining it whilst it remains in its place.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Tylor in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 3rd May 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
TYLOR, of No. 2, Nowgate Street, in the City of London, Brassfounder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alfred Tylor, Her special license that.
I, the said Alfred Tylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Alfred Tylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAVATORIES, THE
BASINS, COCKS, TAPS, VALVES, AND APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS CONNECTED
THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURposes,
FOR CONTROLLING AND REGULATING THE DISCHARGE OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS,
AND PREVENTING WASTE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Alfred Tylor, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Tylor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying four
Sheets of Drawings and letters of reference hereunto annexed :-
This Invention has for its object the constructing and arranging of
lavatories, the basins, cocks, taps, valves, and other apparatus and
arrangements connected therewith, in such a manner as to secure greater
convenience in their use, greater freedom from derangement, greater
facility for repair, and more rapid emptying of the basins, with avoidance
of the risk of overflow from the supply pipes being left open, and also
the necessity of having to break the joints and remove the basins, or
pull the apparatus to pieces in case of obstruction of the outlet pipes.
In order to carry out my Invention so as to obtain the above-named
improvements, and so as to secure strength, cleanliness, and diminish
the amount of woodwork and plumbers' fittings, I form the basins of
strong clay, china, carthenware, cast iron, or other suitable or convenient
material, or a combination thereof, or of any suitable form or size, in
such a manner that the tube, pipe, or passage, or portion provided for the
escape of the waste or overflow water, is much larger than they have
been hitherto usually made, and so that it may form part of the basin, or
be so attached to it that it acts as though it were so made; and in this
same tube, pipe, passage, or portion I place the working parts connected
with the admitting or letting off the water, which are thus closed in or
concealed from sight, and are out of the way and free from risk of
damage.
By this arrangement, and making the parts and tube, pipe, passage,
or portion of a sufficient size, these parts can be removed from the tube,
pipe, passage, or portion in which they are placed so as to leave the
outlet or waste clear of obstruction to the passage of a rod or other
means required to clear the tube, pipe, passage, or portion, and then
replaced, thus avoiding the necessity of having to break joints, or dis-
connect the pipes, or remove the basin, or take the apparatus to pieces,
and the basin from its large outlet opening is emptied almost instantly.
In order to carry out that part of my Invention which relates to the
cocks, taps, or valves, and other apparatus connected with the water
supply to the said basins, I employ a moveable portion or valve formed

page_text: of metal or other convenient or suitable material, or of a combination
of the same, of a spherical or other convenient form, which may be
contained in an inner case, socket, cage, or cylinder either fixed or
moveable, enclosed in the shell or body of the cock or tap, valve, box or
casing, or it may be contained in the shell or body casing or valve box
without the inner case, socket cage, or cylinder. This moveable valve
or portion is so arranged as to be lifted from its seat by the act of
setting the cock, tap, or valve in operation, and come into action by the
pressure or motion of the water, or by its weight and gravity when the
pressure is equilibrated, the moment its operation is needed to prevent
waste or the escape of the water on the required amount for which it is
adjusted having been drawn off, the time of its falling being regulated
by the weight of the same, the fitting of the parts, the height to which
it is raised, and the freedom of escape given to the cushion of water
below it, thus preventing the ill effects of any negligence in closing it on
the part of the person who opened it, as the valve closes of itself when

page_text: When applied to a valve, cock, or tap the moveable valve or portion of
the selected form may be enclosed in a cylinder socket or cage, or other
suitably formed receptacle, cither fixed or moveable, and enclosed in the
shell, case, or body of the valve, cock, or tap, and so arranged by means
of a spindle and piston or spindles and pistons working in a cylinder or
cylinders that on opening the valve, cock, or tap by moving the piston or
pistons which may be attached to or in contact with the moveable valve
or portion, it is put into action, and on the amount of water for which it
is adjusted having been allowed to pass off, it closes of its own accord the
exit opening and shuts off the supply without shock or tremor, not
coming again into action until the valve, cock, or tap is again opened,
when a like result ensues.
when applied to a valve, cock, or tap the moveable valve or portion or
the selected form may be enclosed in a cylinder socket or cage, or other
suitably formed receptacle, either fixed or moveable, and enclosed in the
shell, case, or body of the valve, cock, or tap, and so arranged by means
of a spindle and piston or spindles and pistons working in a cylinder or
cylinders that on opening the valve, cock, or tap by moving the piston or
pistons which may be attached to or in contact with the moveable valve
or portion, it is put into action, and on the amount of water for which it
is adjusted having been allowed to pass off, it closes of its own accord the
exit opening and shuts off the supply without shock or tremor, not
coming again into action until the valve, cock, or tap is again opened,
when a like result ensues.
By means of this self-closing action waste of water is prevented, and
its control and arrest rendered independent of the person who set it in
action.
Where the valve, cock, or tap is provided with two or more pistons and
spindles, one of them may be connected with, or attached to, or be in
contact with the moveable valve or portion, or come into contact with it
when put into action, the motion of the other piston or pistons causing
the valve, cock, or tap to operate, and a pipe, passage, or opening con-
necting the spaces above and below one or more of the pistons being
provided, the weight of the moveable valve or portion and the height to
which it is raised, together with the fitting of the parts and the time it
takes to allow the water or air to pass from one space to the other in
connection with the piston or pistons, regulates the amount of the
liquid or fluid drawn off. One or more of the pistons may be placed
near to the other or distant therefrom, and connected by a pipe, tube, or
passage, or by two or more containing air or liquid, and in the same
cylinder, or in one or more separate ones, or the moveable valve may be
arranged so as to be actuated without a piston and cylinder.
When the moveable spindle or spindles, rods, or other arrangements
employed to actuate the valve, cock, or tap, pass through the shell, casc,
or body of the valve, cock, or tap, or where it is required to have a tight
joint, I arrange them so that the liquid or fluid to be drawn off, or the
pressure of the water from the main or source of supply does not remain
on them, or only acts when the valve is in operation, by which means
their durability is greatly increased, and leakage almost if not entirely

page_text: prevented; when used for drawing off or controlling and arresting the
passage of heated liquids or fluids this arrangement will be found very
advantageous, as the heat will be kept off from these parts and the valve,
cock, or tap will work better.
The actuating piston or pistons may be screwed or plain, and the
spindle or spindles also, and have a socket attached which may be fixed
or moveable as required or preferred, or it may be operated by a cylinder
having a screw formed on its exterior fitting into a screw formed on the
fixed portion of the case, or body, or valve box, which when turned sets
the valve, cock, or tap in action, or it may be actuated without the
movcable piston or cylinder.
When arranged so as to prevent the escape or waste of water or other
liquids or fluids from the main or other source of supply on those
occasions when it may be required to detach the valve, cock, or tap, or
other connection, and when it is not required or convenient to shut off the
supply altogether, I employ a moveable valve or portion contained in a
case or shell attached to the main or source of supply, and provided with
a face seat or surface on which it rests when in action and closes the
exit opening, and makes a water-tight joint when the cock, valve, tap, or
other connection is removed, and so that the cock, valve, tap, or connection
on being screwed into its place shall cause this moveable valve or portion
to recede from its face seat or surface through the end of the part of the
cock, valve, tap, or connection, on entering its socket or receptacle
coming in contact with the said moveable valve or portion, and
gradually moving it off its face seat or surface as it enters (or it is
otherwise so arranged as to cause this action), and so retaining it whilst
it remains in its place.
In my improved waste preventing cistern arrangements I employ onc
inlet valve to the receiving cistern and one outlet valve from the same
where the receiving cistern is made without a division, and arrange them
in such a manner that only one valve at a time can be open or partially
so, and thereby avoid the possibility of both being open or partially
open at the same time. The ball or float and lever are also left free to
descend with the water without controlling the inlet valve on their
descent, but are so arranged that as the valve rises in the receiving
cistern they act on the inlet valve so as to close it at the proper time.
I also employ a lever, which I call the controlling lever, for the purpose of

page_text: keeping the inlet valve closed during the time that the outlet valve from
the receiving cistern is open and the ball or float and lever descending,
which lever is actuated by the operation of opening the waste, or in
closets by that of discharging the contents of the receptacle. Whilst
this lever is in action it is retained in its position by a cam, lever, or
other suitable means, operated by or in connection with the means used
for opening the outlet valve, and on closing the outlet valve the con-
trolling lever goes out of action and allows the inlet valve to open and
the water to flow into the receiving cistern, but does not again act on
the inlet valve until the outlet valve is opened. As the water rises it
lifts the ball or float and lever, and these act on the inlet valve and close
it when the water reaches its proper level.

page_text: The action of the plan shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 is as follows:-On
pulling the knob or handle Q on the cold water supply, the outlet
valve J in the cistern F is caused to rise off its seat by means of the rod
or connection R and open the outlet from the cistern to the basin, the
water entering the same through the annular space under the shield S
on the top or upper edge of the basin. When the basin is to be
discharged, on pulling the knob or handle T the waste valve C is lifted
off its seat, opening the large waste orifice for the passage of the dirty
water. As the water leaves the basin and passages the float D contained
in the large waste pipe descends in the same, and by means of the chain
or connection U raises the small flushing valve N contained in the
additional cistern or flushing box I off its seat, causing the contents of
the same to be discharged into the basin and to remove the dirt or
deposit remaining therein.
In order that the lavatory basin may be cleansed from the dirt or
deposit remaining therein after use, I form my cistern with a division,
or I arrange an additional cistern, tank, or receptacle in connection
with or attached to the receiving cistern, or that which receives the
water from the source of supply, so that, although the receiving cistern
may be emptied, this may remain full, and apply a valve therein or
thereto so connected with the apparatus in the receiving division or
cistern, that on closing the outlet valve in the receiving division or
cistern this valve shall be caused to open and discharge the contents of
this lower division or additional cistern, tank, or receptacle into the
basin or pan, and this valve remains open until closed by the operation
of opening the outlet from the receiving division or cistern. This
arrangement is also applicable to waterclosets.
Fig. 1, Sheet 2, is a longitudinal section of an arrangement of my
improved receiving cistern and additional cistern for the prevention of
waste of water, the inlet valve arranged so as to open with the stream for
lavatory use, and applicable also to watcrclosets. A, A, the receiving
cistern; B, the inlet and valve; C, the outlet and valve; D, the additional
cistern; E, the tubular outlet valve from additional cistern; F, the tube
or passage through which the parts actuating the tubular valve E pass;
G, the spindle or axis to which the actuating parts of the apparatus are
attached or connected; H, the inlet valve; I, the controlling lever; K, the
cam actuating the same; L, L, ball or float and lever for closing the inlet
valve; M, the rod or connection for actuating the apparatus.

page_text: The action of this arrangement of apparatus is as follows:- -On
pulling or depressing the rod or connection M, connected with or
attached to the lever on the spindle or axis G, it takes the position
shewn in the Drawing, Fig. 1, and opens the outlet C by lifting the
valve through the lever and connection on the spindle or axis G, as
shewn, at the same time that the inlet valve is retained on its scat or
closed before the lever acts on the outlet valve C by means of the
controlling lever I, which is raised or acted on by the cam or lever K,
attached to the spindle or axis G, and the ball or float and lever L, L,
are left free to descend with the water which issues through the
outlet C from the receiving cistern into the additional cistern D, whence
it passes down the tubular valve E and discharge pipe, as shewn by the
arrows, to the basin or receptacle, having filled the additional cistern,
this valve remaining on its seat whilst the outlet valve C is open, and
thus retaining the additional cistern full of water, although the receiving
cistern is quite empty. On letting go of the rod or connection M, or
leaving it free to return to its normal position, the balance weight
outside the receiving cistern, which is connected with or attached to
the spindle or axis G, or other means employed for this purpose, causes
the spindle or axis to move, and the outlet valve C to drop on to its seat
and close the outlet opening, at the same time liberating the controlling
lever I from the action of the cam or lever K, and opening the inlet
valve H thereby, and also raises the tubular valve E in the additional
cistern D off its seat, and discharges its contents into the basin. As the
water rises in the receiving cistern A, A, the ball or float and lever L, L,
rise and close the inlet valve H when the water arrives at its proper
level.
This arrangement renders it impossible to fasten up the valve and run
all the water to waste, leaving the apparatus empty, as the additional
cistern cannot be emptied until the outlet valve from the receiving
cistern is closed, and the moment this valve is closed the inlet valve
is opened so that the water immediately flows into the receiving
cistern.
It will be seen that the top of the tube F, shewn in all the Drawings
except Figs. 9 and 10, in which the parts actuating the tubular valve E
work, is shown above the water line, and this is for thic purpose of prc-
venting its acting as an overflow pipe, and so permitting water to run to
waste without its being known, in case of any derangement of the

page_text: lever; I, the controlling lever; K, the cam or lever for actuating the
controlling lever; L, L, ball, or float, and lever; M, rod or connection
for moving the spindle or axis; N, inlet valve actuated by the ball, or
float, and lever; O, the division or partition of the cistern.
The Drawing shews the outlet C open and my improved valve H
closed, being kept on its seat by the controlling lever I.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On pulling down the
rod or connection M or actuating the spindle or axis G the cam or lever
K lifts up the controlling lever I and causes it to close my improved inlet
valve H, retaining it on its seat so long as the cam or lever maintains its
position, and closes the inlet to the receiving division. The same move-
ment of the spindle or axis G opens the outlet C from the receiving
division and closes the tubular discharge valve E, the water contained in
the upper division of the cistern passing therefrom into the lower division,
and thence through the tubular discharge valve down the discharge pipe
or passage until the upper division of the cistern is empty; but the form
and arrangement of the tubular discharge valve E causes a portion of
the water to be retained in the lower division until the release of the rod
or connection M, or by giving a reverse movement to the spindle or axis
G raises the tubular discharge valve E off its seat and allows the retained
water to pass down the discharge pipe. This movement also closes the
outlet valve C, and causes the controlling lever I to go out of action,
setting free thereby my improved valve H, and letting the water into the
upper or receiving division of the cistern through the inlet B.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of another arrangement of my improved
water waste preventing cistern, arranged so that the outlet or discharge
pipe is formed in one with the receiving cistern, and provided with my
improved inlet valve and controlling lever and additional cistern, the ball
or float and lever being free to descend with the water.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the bottom of the receiving cistern, shewing the
valve seat and apertures in the discharge pipe through which the water
enters the additional cistern. The action of this arrangement is as
follows: On opening the outlet C, as described in the other Figures,
the water passes through the outlet into the discharge pipe through the
apertures P in the discharge pipe into the additional cistern D, and also
down the discharge pipe Q into the basin, pan, or receptacle. The action

page_text: of the rest of the apparatus is similar to that of Fig. 1, and the additional
cistern may be in one with the receiving cistern if desired.
Fig. 6 is part elevation and part longitudinal section of another
arrangement of my improved water waste preventing cistern, with an
outlet pipe or passage R at the back of the additional cistern D, so
arranged as to leave sufficient water in the additional cistern for the after
flush. Fig. 7 is a part transverse section and part elevation of the same;
the action of this arrangement in the receiving cistern is similar to Fig. 4,
and the letters of reference are the same in both and also in Fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is another arrangement of my improved water waste preventing
cistern with the additional cistern formed in onc with the receiving
cistern, as described in Fig. 3, but of a different form, and the parts and
action may be the same as Fig. 4.
Fig. 9 is another arrangement without a division or after flush,
acting similarly to the other and arranged so that the ball or float and
lever arc free to descend with the water, and the inlet and outlet are so
arranged that both cannot be open or partially open together.
Fig. 10 is a part longitudinal section and part clevation of another
arrangement of my improved water waste preventing cistern with a
division, and Fig. 11 is a plan of the same, arranged for cleansing lava-
tory basins or waterclosets with the ball or float and lever free to
descend with the water. A, A, the receiving division; B, inlet; C,
seating of tubular outlet valve; D, lower division or additional cistern;
E, tubular discharge valve; F, tubular outlet valve; G, spindle or axis;
I, controlling lever; K, cam or lever; L, L, ball or float and lever; O,
division; S, arrangement of levers for actuating discharge valve; T,
lever for actuating outlet and discharge valves. The tubular outlet
valve F may be made in one piece, or the tube may be attached to the
flange or ring C, forming the valve and the guide pins or rods U, U,
attached to the same. The rod or connection V, actuating the tubular
discharge valve E passes down through the tubular portion F of the
outlet valve C. The tubular discharge valve is similar to that shewn in
Figs. 1 and 3, and is actuated by the rod or connection V attached to or
connected with the lever S, worked in connection with the lever T, on
the spindle or axis G. The lever T is connected with the tubular part
F of the outlet valve C, in such a manner that by means of lost motion
it causes the tubular discharge valve E to close on moving the rod or

page_text: connection M, before it begins to move or operate the tubular outlet
valve F, so that it is impossible to cause them both to be either open or
partially open at one and the same time, and by means of lost motion in
the different arrangements of cisterns and valves shewn in the Drawings,
it is impossible to open or partially open the inlet and outlet valves at
one and the same time. The ball or float and lever L, L, are caused to
act on the inlet valve where it closes against the stream, or opens against
it, by arranging the levers so as to allow the increased power necessary
to operate the valve against the pressure of the water to be obtained,
some modes of which arrangement will be seen in the Drawings.
The outlet and discharge valves C and E may be arranged with two
or more guide pins or rods (U, U, Fig. 10) as shewn on the outlet valve,
so as to allow a small lift of valve to open a large water way, and
prevent its being throttled or obstructed.
It will be seen by the arrangements shewn in Figs. 10 and 11, that it
is only necessary to form one hole in the receiving division or cistern,
and equally good results are obtained, and it will be seen in all the
arrangements shewn that the ball or float and lever are free to descend
with the water, and that the valves are so arranged as to render it
impossible that the inlet and outlet passages can be open or partially
open at the same time, and also that the receiving cistern or division
and additional cistern or division cannot be emptied together, sufficient
water for flushing the basin or scaling the pan being always retained
under any circumstances.
Fig. 12 shews the detail of an arrangement for allowing the inlet to
the receiving cistern or division to be open full bore during nearly the
whole of the time that the cistern or division is filling, and only to be
reduced as it becomes nearly full by the action of the ball or float and
lever as the water approaches it proper level. A, A, the handle or lever
for operating the valve or cock, which may be formed as most convenient;
B, B, two pins or stops on the handle or lever, with which the ball or
float lever comes in contact when opening or closing the cock or valve,
and by means of which it causes the valve or cock to open or closo
according as the lever rises or falls in the receiving cistern or division;
C, the portion which opens or shuts the valve or cock, which is formed
with a square part D, or other suitable means for attaching the handle
or lever so as to allow it to give the required motion. At its outer end or

page_text: where convenient is a round portion E, on which the lever of the ball or
float works, so as to allow it to rise or fall without giving motion to the
valve or cock until it comes in contact with one or other of the pins or
stops before mentioned; F, the lover of the ball or float by means of
5 which the inlet valve is opened or closed.
Fig. 1, Shect 3, is an clevation, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of
my improved valve and ball or float cock, closing with the stream,
which may be used in place of the ordinary ball cock. A, A, is the
shell or body of the cock; B, my improved valve, formed as shewn,
in order to close the inlet without shock or tremor, and resting on the
raised seat C; D is the spindle, provided with a slot or its equivalent,
to enable the valve to be opened or closed by means of the ball or
float lever E (shewn broken off), which works on the joint I; F is a
gland and cup leather or packing to prevent the passage of the water
otherwise than through the exit orifice H; G is the inlet, the valve
being shewn on its seat closing the orifice; I is the joint of the ball
lever.
Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sections of another arrangement of my
improved valve and ball or float cock closing with the stream, whereby
the gland and cup leather or packing (F, Fig. 2) are done away with,
and the escape of water except through the exit orifice prevented; in
Fig. 3 the valve being shewn off its seat and the passage open, and in
Fig. 4 on its seat and the passage closed. Similar letters refer to similar
parts in both Figures. By this arrangement it will be seen that the
additional link or connection F has to be employed between the ball
or float lever E and the spindle of the valve D to actuate the same,
so that the opening in the socket or guide in which the valve spindle
works may be placed on the under side, and direct into the tank, cistern,
or receptacle any water which may come out otherwise than through
the exit orifice H. By making the arms of the link F of different
lengths the opening power of the ball and lever may be increased as
required.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew an arrangement of my improved valve and ball
or float cock closing against the stream as applied to a cistern for
lavatories or waterclosets to allow of the flushing of the basin or pan,
and sealing the same, so arranged with the inlet valve that when the
outlet orifice of the tank or cistern is open the inlet orifice is closed, or

page_text: vice versa, and arranged in such a manner that the ball or float and
lever Fare free to descend with the water as it leaves the tank or
cistern, and so avoid having to hold up the ball to close the inlet orifice
whilst the outlet orifice remains open. Fig. 5 shews the valve on its
seat closing the inlet, the tank or cistern being full; and Fig. 6 shews
the tank or cistern empty, or nearly so, the outlet being open and the
ball or float and lever down, but the valve kept on its seat by the
controlling lever H closing the inlet whilst the outlet valve remains
open. A, A, is the shell or body of the cock or valve B, the valve
resting on its raised scat O; D is the spindle, provided with a small
cup leather or piston E at its upper end to diminish the pressure on the
valve D; F is the ball or float lever, provided with a small projection,
stud, or lever G on its end or axis, which works in the slot in the valve
spindle; H is the lever connected with the outlet valve, which when the
outlet valve is opened is called into action, and at the same time holds
the valve B on its seat C, closing the inlet, and leaves the ball or float
and lever F free to descend with the water, at the same time that it
keeps the inlet closed by acting on the valve B. On letting the lever H
descend the outlet valve closes and the inlet valve opens, and the water
flows in, until the rising of the same causes the ball or float and lever F
by means of the projection, stud, or lover G, to gradually close the
valve B, and when the water has reached its proper level to close the
valve and shut off the supply, in which condition it remains until the
lever H is again called into operation, when a like result ensues. By
this arrangement it is impossible that the inlet and outlet valves can
be even partially open at the same time.
Figs. 7 and 8 are longitudinal sections of another arrangement of my
improved valve and ball or float cock to fulfil similar conditions to
those described in Figs. 5 and 6, also provided with one inlet valve,
but arranged so as to open against the stream and to close with it,
Fig. 7 shewing the valve closed, and Fig. 8 the valve open. A, A, the
shell or body of the cock or valve; B, the valve; C, the raised seat;
D, the valve spindle connected by a joint to the ball lever F; E, a
small piston or cup leather working in a closed cylinder, socket, or
chamber; F, the ball or float lever; G, the short arm of the lever H;
I, the inlet; K, the outlet from the shell or body of the valve into the
cistern or receptacle. In Fig. 7 the valve is shewn closed, in which
position it can be kept by causing the short arm G of the lever H to

page_text: press on the bottom of the slot in the valve spindle D. In Fig. 8 the
valve is shewn open, and the ball or float down, the cistern being empty,
and the lever I out of use; the same letters refer to similar parts in
both Figures. It will be seen that if the lever H is raised until its short
arm G is brought into contact with the bottom of the slot in the valve
spindle and kept in that position, the valve must be kept on its seat and
the inlet remain closed, the ball or float and lever F being also held up;
but on letting the lever drop on the cistern being empty the ball or
float and lever F will also drop and open the valve. As however this
falling of the ball and lever when the cistern is empty would be likely
to cause a strain on the parts and diminish the durability of the
apparatus, I arrange the apparatus so as to cause this difficulty to be
obviated by the use of a water cushion, a spring, weight, or other
suitable means, so applied as to cause the ball or float to descend slowly
or gradually on the pressure of the lever being removed, and so as to
prevent its attaining such momentum on its descent as would cause
this danger to arise, and it is obvious that these arrangements may be
varied greatly as to details, but the result may be attained by each.
The mode or arrangement for this purpose shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8
consists of a small piston or cup leather E attached to the end of the
spindle D working in a closed cylinder or socket attached to or formed
on the shell or body A, A, which cylinder or socket is exposed to the
pressure from the main or source of supply, so that water can enter it
and fill the space above the piston or cup leather E which works therein.
This piston or cup leather must not be so tight as to prevent the water
passing between it and the sides of the cylinder or socket as its action
would be prevented, but it would be so arranged as to allow of this
taking place in proportion to the quickness with which it is desired the
ball and lever should descend. The action is as follows:-On letting
the lever H fall and take the pressure of its short arm G from the
bottom of the slot in the valve spindle D, the weight of the ball or float
and lever F will cause the valve to rise from its scat, and at the same
time force the small piston or cup leather E up into the cylinder or
socket; but this motion will be resisted by the water above the piston E,
which cannot escape otherwise than between it and the side of the
cylinder or socket, and as it does so will allow the ball or float and lever
F to descend gradually at a rate proportioned to the looseness of the fit
between the parts opening the valve and allowing the water to enter the
1: ">

page_text: cistern, which as it rises therein will lift the ball or float and lever F,
and return the valve gradually to its seat, the water at the same time
passing the piston or cup leather and filling the vacuity left by its with-
drawal until the valvo closes, in which state it will remain until the
process is repeated on the emptying of the cistern.
Figs. 9 and 10 are longitudinal sections of another arrangement of my
improved valve and ball or float cock to fulfil similar conditions to
Figs. 7 and 8. In this arrangement a compound inlet valve is employed
which consists of two or more portions, as shewn in the Figures, the
top one of which is attached to the valve spindle, and when in its place
closes the opening or waterway in the second portion. The valve spindle
is so arranged as to lift the top portion a certain distance before the
lower or second is lifted, and this is done by allowing it to move through
the lower or second portion until a stop or shoulder formed on or
attached to the spindle comes in contact with the lower or second portion
and lifts it off its scat, opening thereby another portion of the waterway
to the cistern or receptacle for the outlet of the water from the valve.
A, A, the shell or body of the cock or valve; B, the top portion of the
valve attached to the spindle, which when used to open against the
stream is formed as a piston, or so that it may work in a closed cylinder
or socket, as described in Figs. 7 and 8, in order to cause the ball or
float and lever to fall gradually on the inlet to the cistern being opened;
C, the lower portion, formed as shown; Fig. 9* being a plan of the
same; D, the raised seat; E, the valve spindle, with its stop or shoulder
for moving the lower portion C of the valve; F, the ball or float lever;
G, the short arm of the lever H which keeps the inlet valve closed
whilst the outlet valve is open; H, the lever for keeping the valve
closed; I, the inlet; K, the outlet from the valve.
Fig. 9 shows the valve closed, the cistern being full, and the lever H
out of use, and Fig. 10 shews the valve open, the cistern being empty,
and the lever H out of use, the same letters of reference refer to both
Figures.
Figs. 11 and 12 are longitudinal sections of another arrangement of
valve or ball or float cock suitable for ordinary cisterns, arranged to open
against the stream, and so as to obviate the employment of ground-in
plugs or cocks. In this arrangement the valve which closes the inlet
works on a hinge or joint, and is connected to the short lever on the axis
of the ball or float lever, or a system of leverage may be arranged, as

page_text: shewn in Fig. 1, Sheet 2, to increase the opening power of the ball.
A, A, is the shell or body of the valve or cock; B, the hinged valve;
C, the raised seat; D, the link connecting the valve with the short lever;
E, the short lever; F, the ball or float lever.
Fig. 11 shows the valve closed, and Fig. 12 the same open; the letters
of reference refer to both Figures.
Figs. 13 and 14 shew another arrangement of the same valve, but
adapted so as to open with the stream for use in cisterns with a division,
and applied or applicable to the same purpose or purposes as Figs. 5 and
6, 7 and 8, and 9 and 10. This end is attained by applying my improved
valve and controlling lever between the hinged valve and the water
outlet, whereby the ball or float and lever are left free to descend with
the water as the receiving division tank or cistern empties, but the water
cannot enter the receiving division tank or cistern whilst my improved
valve is kept on its seat by the action of the controlling lever, which so
long as the outlet from the receiving division, tank, or cistern remains
open keeps the inlet closed, and it is only by closing the outlet that the
inlet can be opened. A, A, is the shell or body of the valve or cock;
B, my improved valve; C, its raised seat; II, the controlling lever;
D, the link connecting the hinged valve E with the short lever; E, the
hinged valve; F, the ball or float lever; G, the raised scat of the hinged
valve.
Fig. 13 shews the valve G closed, and Fig. 14 the same open; the
letters of reference refer to both Figures. This arrangement is specially
suitable for lavatory basins for the after flush or cleansing, but is
applicable wherever the action it produces is required, or the screw
thread may be connected direct to a conduit pipc.
Figs. 15 and 16 shew another arrangement of my improved ball or
float valve arranged so as to open with the stream, and which is
applicable to ordinary cisterns, or may be arranged to fulfil the con-
ditions described and shewn in Figs. 5 and 6.
The plan shewn consists of a short fixed cylinder or socket with a
closed upper end formed on or attached to the shell or body of the valve
or cock, round or on the sides of which perforations or apertures are
formed for the passage of the water. Inside this fixed cylinder or socket
the valve works. This valve is formed of a short moveable cylinder open
at the top or upper end, attached to or formed in one with an ordinary

page_text: •
flat valve, which short moveable cylinder slides or works up and down in
the interior of the fixed cylinder or socket in the shell or body of the
valve or cock. On the sides of this moveable cylinder perforations or
apertures are formed similar to those in the fixed cylinder or socket in
the shell or body of the cock or valve, which perforations or apertures |
when the valve is open coincide in both, and so allow the passage of the
water through the exit apertures in its lower end; when the valve is
closed the perforations or apertures in the moveable cylinder have been
moved past those in the fixed one, and the perforations or apertures
are blocked or closed by being opposite the unperforated parts of the
cylinder, and the flat portion at the bottom of the moveable cylinder
comes against the scat provided for it, and so stops any leakage.
This arrangement may be reversed by making the fixed cylinder the
moving part, and the moving cylinder the fixed part, and arranging the
fulcrum of the ball lever to operate the same.
A, A, the shell or body of the valve or cock; B, the valve and short
cylinder; C, the fixed cylinder or socket; D, the spindle; E, the per-
forations or apertures; F, the ball or float lever.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-As the ball or float and
lever F descend with the level of the water in the cistern, the spindle D,
to which the valve B is attached, is caused to descend also, drawing
downwards with it the valve B until it arrives at its full descent, at
which time the perforations or apertures in both cylinders are both
coincident and the inlet to the cistern is open. As the water rises in the
cistern the ball or float and lever are raised, lifting at the same time
the spindle D and valve B, gradually shutting off the perforations or
apertures from each other and closing the inlet; and as the water may
still pass out of the inlet into the cistern although the perforations or
apertures are closed, the flat portion attached to the moveable cylinder
will be brought on to its seat, and so close the inlet entirely.
In Fig. 15 the valve is shewn closed and in Fig. 16 open. The letters
of reference refer to both Figures.
Fig. 1, Sheet 4, is a part longitudinal vertical section and part
clevation of my improved ball or float valve or cock opening against
the stream, shewing the arrangement of levers to enable this operation
to be performed, the parts and action of this arrangement being similar

page_text: Fig. 5, Sheet 4, is a vertical section of an arrangement of my improved
water waste preventing tap or cock provided with a large outlet for the
liquid or fluid, and a quick motion for opening or closing the same.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the raised seat, shewing a mode of
applying an elastic seating for the moveable valve, piston, or plug.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:- -On turning round the
hollow spindle G, the pin or projection on the inside of the same by
acting in the groove formed in the spindle B, causes the adjustable
piston cylinder or socket containing the moveable regulating spherical
valve C (which may also be a piston plunger or plug of any convenient :
or suitable form) to rise and open the passage E for the exit of the
liquid or fluid, and when the upward motion of the adjustable piston
cylinder or socket ceases the moveable regulating valve gradually
descends and closes the opening.
By this arrangement of making the groove round the spindle as- 1
cending on one side and descending on the other, a continuous rising
and falling motion is produced by rotating the hollow spindle G in
cither direction, and the adjustable piston cylinder or socket will be
operated by means of the pin or projection, whichever way the hollow
spindle G is turned. The forcing of the moving parts against the fixed 2
parts of the apparatus is also entirely prevented by the use of this
arrangement. The time of the descent of the moveable regulating valve or
plug C is regulated by the area afforded for the passage of the liquid or
fluid to the exit opening, the fit of the valve or plug in the adjustable
cylinder, and the height to which it is raised, and the raised seat may be
as shewn, or provided with an elastic seating as shewn in Fig. 5ª.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section of an arrangement of my improved valve
apparatus, applicable also as a watercloset valve, and Fig. 7 is a vertical
section of the same at right angles to Fig. 6. On raising or pulling up
means of the rod or con-
the lever O working on the standard Q, by
nection P, the spindle E causes the piston to rise in the moveable
cylinder or socket J (which has a pin or projection inside to provent the
piston E coming out of it), communicating motion thereto and causing
it to rise, carrying with it the spindle E', and conical part of the loose
spherical or other formed valve, plug, or piston C (working between the
three guides as shewn), and opening thereby the passage for the liquid

page_text: or fluid. The liquid or fluid enters the space below the piston F
through the passage H, which can be regulated in area by means of the
screw, plug, cock, or other convenient arrangement I, and the moving
parts begin to descend until they reach the position shewn by the dotted
lines, and the liquid or fluid passes from the space below the piston
through the passage H, and allows the valve or plug C to return to its
seat at a rate proportioned to the time taken by the liquid or fluid in
passing out through H, and on letting go of the rod or connection P
the piston F resumes its place (the liquid or fluid passing the valve G)
ready to repeat the operation.
Fig. 8 is a vertical section of another arrangement of my improved
cock or tap, by means of which any quantity of liquid or fluid less than
that for which it is set can be drawn off, the apparatus being shown at
rest and the valve C on its seat. A, A, is the case, shell, or body of the
cock or tap containing the moving parts; B, the raised scat; C, the
moveable valve or plug; D, the lever or arrangement for actuating the
same; E, the moveable regulating piston cylinder or socket placed in
the stationary outer case, cylinder, or socket F, and containing the
actuating piston G with the spindle H. On pushing in the spindle H
the piston G is moved forward in the socket or cylinder E, causing the
same to move forward, and by means of the lever D to raise the valve
or plug C from the raised scat B, opening the passage for the liquid or
fluid, and the pressure of the liquid or fluid on the valve or plug C, in
conjunction with its weight through the lever D, causes the moveable
cylinder or socket E to recede in the cylinder F, the liquid or fluid
escaping from the front of it through the holes or passages I, I, and
allows the valve C to return gradually to its seat and shut off the flow.
Fig. S* is a section on the line X, X, shewing the fixed cylinder and the
casing or portion which contains the liquid or fluid, so as to keep the
fixed cylinder properly supplied with the same for working.
Fig. 9 is a vertical section of another arrangement of my improved
valve apparatus for lavatory or other uses, and applicable also to a water-
closet when arranged as shewn by the dotted lines. In this arrange-
ment the seat of the moveable valve or plug C is formed in a moveable
cylinder I, which cylinder is also provided with a flange or projection E
all round towards its upper end, which forms a valve when resting on a
raised scat B, and another flange or projection G extending all round is
formed on or attached to the lower end. On raising the lever L the

page_text: lever H contained in the part A¹ is caused to push up the cylinder I,
carrying with it the moveable valve or plug C to the top of the fixed
cylinder or socket F, which motion may be continued until the lower
flange G comes in contact with the under side of the raised seat B. So
long as the parts are retained in this position the exit passage is kept
closed, but on letting go of the lever L or returning it to its former
position, the moveable valve or plug C is left in the cylinder F, and the
passage or exit for the liquid or fluid is opened, the valve C continues to
descend gradually until it reaches its raised scat D, and shuts off the
liquid or fluid by closing the exit opening.
Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section of another arrangement of
my improved valve apparatus, as applied to a push-in cock, valve, or tap,
for lavatory or other use, so as to form a self-closing, waste preventing,
regulating cock, tap, or valve, and do away with the use of springs.
A, A, is the shell or body of the cock or tap containing the fixed cylinder
or socket F, with the moveable self-regulating valve C, the moveable
regulating cylinder E, with the spindle G. On pushing in the bottom
and spindle H the piston D moves forward, and by means of the liquid
or fluid in the space between it and the end of the cylinder E causes
the said cylinder to move forward, and by means of the spindle G
removes the valve C from off its seat B, and opens thereby the passage
or exit for the liquid or fluid, which passes off at the outlet I. The
arrangement and operation of this part of the apparatus is the same as
that shewn and described in Figs. 5 and 6.
Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section of another arrangement of my
improved valve apparatus, arranged for lavatory or other use, and
adapted so as to have no stuffing box exposed to the pressure from
the main or source of supply, and so as to prevent waste. A, A, is the
shell or body of the cock or tap bored so as to form a fixed cylinder or
socket for the moveable regulating valve or plug C to work in; D, the
actuating piston; E, the moveable starting cylinder, socket, or valve,
working in the fixed cylinder or socket H, formed on or attached to
the cover of the shell or body of the cock or tap; F, the spindle of the
actuating piston D, operated by the short lever G, moved by the
lever L; K, the inlet; I, the outlet.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On raising the lever L
motion is given to the short lever G, which causes the piston D to raise
the moveable starting cylinder or valve E from off its seat, and allows

page_text: the liquid or fluid contained in the space above the moveable regulating
valve or plug O to escape through the aperture J to the outlet I, and so
destroy the equilibrium of pressure when the moveable regulating valve
or plug C rises off its scat, and continues to do so until it comes in
contact with the movcable starting cylinder or valve E, and so closes
the aperture J. When this happens both the part C and the part E
will descend gradually together until the part C reaches its raised seat,
and so shuts off the exit. This result will happen, although the lever be
kept lifted up to its full extent, because the part E is so arranged that
it will move up or down on the piston D, whilst from the aperture J
being made smaller than the piston D, by pulling down the lever L
whilst the valve, cock, or tap is open, the moveable valve or plug C can
be drawn to its scat, whereby a less quantity than that for which the
apparatus is adjusted can be drawn off. This valve, cock, or tap is quick
in its action from the aperture J being of a large size, and so letting the
liquid or fluid escape very quickly when the lever L is raised, and it will
be seen that the moving parts cannot be left up or kept open, nor the
liquid or fluid run to waste.
Fig. 12 is a longitudinal vertical section of another arrangement of
my improved waste preventing valve, cock, or tap for lavatory or other
usc. A, A, the shell or body of the cock or tap bored out as in Fig. 11,
to form a fixed cylinder or socket for the moveable regulating valve,
plunger, or plug C to work in; B, the spindle on the top of which the
starting valve G is formed or attached, and the lower end H is formed
to act as a piston in the movcable socket or cylinder D, which is attached
to and actuated by the short lever F. E is the raised seat on which the
moveable valve or plug C rests when closing the exit; I, the outlet;
K, the inlet; L, the actuating lever. On lifting up the actuating lever L
the moveable socket or cylinder D is caused to rise by means of the
short lever E, and through the resistance of the water, or liquid, or fluid
in the moveable socket or cylinder on the lower end H of the starting
valve spindle B, the starting valve G is raised off its its scat, and allows
the water, or liquid, or fluid to escape through the aperture in C, and
thereby destroy the equilibrium of pressure when the moveable valve or
plug C rises off its seat and opens the exit orifice, and begins gradually
to descend when the starting valve G las returned to its seat. This
arrangement cannot be left open, and is self-closing like the rest of my
valves, cocks, or taps.

page_text: Fig. 13 is a longitudinal vertical section of another arrangement of
my improved waste preventing valve, cock, or tap for lavatory or other
use, in which the moveable regulating valve or plug C is actuated by
means of a diaphragm, partition, or clastic chamber, which, by being
compressed and expanded causes the equilibrium of pressure to be
destroyed, and the picce D to move off its scat, and so open the aperture
in C and open the exit, arranged so as to prevent its being left or kept
open. A, A, the shell or body of the cock or tap bored out so as to
form a fixed cylinder or socket in which the moveable valve or plug C
works; B, the spindle for actuating the moveable cylinder or socket H
with the small starting piston, valve, or plug D, closing the aperture
in O; E, the exit opening and raised scat; F, the diaphragm partition
or elastic portion; G, the handle for operating the cock or tap; H, the
moveable cylinder or socket; I, the outlet; K, the inlet.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On turning the
handle the diaphragm partition or clastic portion F is raised,
destroying thereby the equilibrium of pressure, and causing the
moveable cylinder or socket If to rise and lift the starting piston or
plug D off its seat by means of the spindle B, and open the aperture
for the escape of the liquid or fluid contained in the space above C,
which causes C to rise and open the exit orifice. When C has risen
until it touches D the aperture in C is closed by D, and both parts
begin gradually to descend until C reaches its raised seat and closes
the exit orifice, where it remains until it is again started by moving
the handle G. By this arrangement it will be seen that the valve,
cock, or tap will not allow a greater amount of liquid or fluid to
pass than that for which it is adjusted, and thus waste is prevented.
Fig. 14 is a longitudinal vertical section of another arrangement
of my improved waste preventing cock, tap, or valve with an clastic
diaphragm or partition, by means of which the moveable plug or valve C
is actuated on turning the handle G. A, A, is the shell or body of the
cock or tap; B, a stud or projection for closing C when it is desired to
draw a less quantity than that for which the apparatus is adjusted;
C, the moveable valve or plug; D, the raised seating; E, exit orifice or
opening F, clastic diaphragm or partition; G, spindle and handle for
actuating the valve; II, the portion which bears on the elastic diaphragm
or partition, receives the thrust of the spindle G, and causes the same to
be moved downwards on turning the spindle G. The valve C may also

page_text: be actuated by means of an elastic bag-shaped or tube-shaped chamber
formed as a diaphragm or partition attached or unattached and fixed in a
shell, case, cylinder, or socket, so as to perform the office of a diaphragm,
viz., to separate the liquid or fluid in the apparatus from the external
air, and so as to enable a stuffing box exposed to the action of the
liquid or fluid to be dispensed with, while the lower part of the
diaphragm may act in conjunction with the moveable portion as a
be actuated by means of an elastic bag-shaped or tube-shaped chamber
formed as a diaphragm or partition attached or unattached and fixed in a
shell, case, cylinder, or socket, so as to perform the office of a diaphragm,
viz., to separate the liquid or fluid in the apparatus from the external
air, and so as to enable a stuffing box exposed to the action of the
liquid or fluid to be dispensed with, while the lower part of the
diaphragm may act in conjunction with the moveable portion as a
piston.
Fig. 15 is a longitudinal section of an arrangement of apparatus for
preventing the escape of the liquid or fluid when a cock, tap, valve, or
connection is detached from the source of supply, and it is not desired
or convenient to shut off the liquid or fluid from the part from which
the same is to be detached; this apparatus I call the escape preventer.
A, A, is the case, shell, or body of the apparatus; B, the escape pre-
venter working on a hinge or joint G, as shewn, the cock, tap, valve,
or connection I being in place, and the escape preventer B out of action.
Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section of another arrangement of my escape
preventer made in the form of a ball or sphere with a guard C over the
same, the cock, tap, valve, or connection I being in place. It will
be seen that so long as the cock, tap, valve, or connection is in place,
as shewn in the Drawings, the escape preventer is kept off its face
or seat and out of action, but in a condition ready for immediate
use, and that so soon as the cock, tap, valve, or connection is removed
from the opening D the escape preventer B is allowed to come on to
its face or scat, and close the opening by the action of the pressure
of the liquid or fluid upon it, or by that action aided by gravity and
the weight of the preventer itself, and the greater the pressure the
tighter will be the joint. On re-inserting the cock, tap, valve, or
connection into the opening D it comes in contact with the escape
preventer B, and gradually removes it from its face or scat, and opens
the communication with the liquid or fluid and the cock, tap, valve,
or connection as the case may be, as shewn in the Drawings. The
faces or scat of the escape preventer may be covered or faced with
leather, india-rubber, gutta percha, or any suitable material if desired,
or the same may be attached to that part of the apparatus with which
the escape preventer B comes in contact when in use, so as to secure
a perfectly tight joint and prevent the escape of the liquid or fluid.

page_text: Seventh. The combination in a cistern with a division of thrce valves
or cocks, two controlling the inlet and one controlling the outlet, one of
the inlet valves or cocks being actuated by a ball or float and lever, and
the other by the controlling lever, so arranged as to open against the
stream and close with any pressure, as herein-before described and
illustrated in Fig. 3, Sheet 2, and for the purposes aforesaid.
Eighth. The combination and arrangement in a cistern without a
division or additional cistern, and no after flush, of two valves or cocks
and the controlling lever, for the purpose herein-before described and
specified, and illustrated by Fig. 9, Sheet 2.
Ninth. The form and arrangement of valves, or ball or float cocks,
shewn in Sheet 5, to open against the stream, and the arrangements
shewn in Figs. 5 and 6, 13 and 14, and 15 and 16, to open with the
stream, and also the arrangement of controlling levers shown in Figs. 5
and 6, 7 and 8, 9 and 10, and 13 and 14, as hercin-before described,
and for the purposes specified.
Tenth. Arranging the ball or float and lever so as to be uncontrolled
by the other parts of the apparatus, and to allow of the water entering
the cistern full bore or nearly so until the cistern is nearly full, and so
that the lever of the ball or float or other part connected therewith does
not operate to close the valve until this point is reached, as herein-before
described, illustrated and specified, and for the purposes specified.
Eleventh. The arrangement of water waste preventing valves, cocks,
or taps; the mode of operating such valves, cocks, or taps by means of
a separate starting valve placed in or on the moveable valve or plug, and
actuated through a hole or holes in the moveable valve or plug, so as to
dispense with the use of a stuffing box, and the employment of a
diaphragm or elastic partition or chamber to cause the moveable valve
or plug to operate, substantially as herein-before described, illustrated,
and specified, and for the purposes specified.
Twelfth. Arranging apparatus to perform the duties of an escape
preventer, substantially as hercin-before described and illustrated, and
for the purposes specified.
Lastly. The combinations and arrangements of the basins, cisterns,

page_text: bore arrangements, or any mere modifications thereof, shewn in the
accompanying four Sheets of Drawings, and herein-before described and
for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Tylor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Third day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
ALFRED TYLOR. (L.S.)