IMPROVEMENTS ON HELICAL REFRIGERATORS FOR COOLING BREWERS' AND DISTILLERS' WORTS."
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Riley, of Elm Tree Lodge, South Lambeth,
in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS ON HELICAL
REFRIGERATORS FOR COOLING BREWERS' AND DISTILLERS' WORTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Riley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
August 1859.
I, GEORGE RILEY, of Elm Tree Lodge, South Lambeth, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
ON HELICAL REFRIGERATORS FOR COOLING BREWERS' AND DISTILLERS' WORTS," to-
be as follows:-
It consists of improvements on my former Patent, dated 23rd of June 1856,
No. 1471. Heretofore when the above-mentioned refrigerator has been con-
structed with more than one coil of pipe, the exit end of each pipe has been
connected with a main pipe leading to the fermenting tuns. One of the
improvements now made consists in carrying out each coil separately into a
receiving box, from which a pipe leads into the fermenting. tuns instead of
connecting them directly with the main as heretofore, and by which means
the performance of each pipe is more readily observed.
Another improvement consists in a better mode of constructing the stays or
holders which support and keep the various coils of pipe in their proper
position. Heretofore I have made these so that they but just kept the lower

page_text: pipe from the bottom, and in this case when there has been an accumulation of
dirt or sediment from the water the lower pipe becomes partly imbedded in a
non-conducting medium, and thus power is lost. I now construct them with
legs full three quarters of an inch long, and by this means the lower pipe is
kept much more free from this risk.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Riley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th February 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
RILEY, of Elm Tree Lodge, South Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Riley, Her special licence that I, the said George
Riley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said George Riley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS ON HELICAL REFRIGERATORS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said George Riley, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Riley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
The improvements herein referred to are upon my former Patent, dated
23rd June 1856, No. 1471, for "An Improved Refrigerator for Cooling
Brewers' and Distillers' Worts," and which I have called the helical refri-

page_text: gerator. Heretofore when the above-named refrigerator has been constructed
with more than one coil of pipe, the exit end of each pipe has been connected
with a main pipe leading to the fermenting tuns. One of the improvements
now made consists in carrying out each coil separately into a receiving box,
from which a pipe leads to the fermenting tuns, instead of connecting them
directly with the main as heretofore, and by which means the performance of
each pipe is more readily observed.
Another improvement consists in a better mode of constructing the stays or
holders which support and keep the various coils of pipe in their proper.
position. Heretofore I have made these so that they but just keep the lower.
pipe from the bottom, and in this case when there has been an accumulation of
dirt or sediment from the water, the lower pipe becomes partly imbedded in a
nonconducting medium, and thus power is lost. I now construct them with
legs full three-quarters of an inch long, and by this means the lower pipe is
kept much more free from this risk.
Another improvement consists in attaching a small air vessel at the end of
each coil of pipe immediately before it passes through the bottom of the vessel
containing it; this is for the purpose of preventing the bursting of the pipe.
upon suddenly shutting the stop cock, which would otherwise be very likely
to occur while there is a rapid flow of wort through so great a length of pipe.
These improvements will be better understood by referring to the accom-
panying Drawings making part of this Specification:-
Figure 1 is a plan of my apparatus. Figure 2, a section. through the.
line a, b,. Figure 1. a is the octagon-shaped tub or vessel containing the appa-
ratus; is a space in the centre of the tub into which the water is admitted ;
c is an overflow pipe for the escape of the water after it has effected its end,:
and is situate just behind the main entrance wort pipe; d is the main. wort
pipe leading from the wort back or wort pump, at the back of which near the
bottom thereof is a cap and screw a,. for the purpose of removing any obstruc-
tions that may get into the main; from this main d, the various coils of
pipe e, e, e, e, e, diverge; f, f,f,f,f, are the stays which support and keep the
pipes e, e, e, e, e, separate from each other, every third or fourth of which are
provided with an extra loop on the top for the purpose of lifting out the pipes
should it be required; 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, are the partitions forming the passages for
the water ways; h, h, h, h, h, are small upright pipes forming air vessels
attached to each coil; i is a receiving box into which each coil empties itself;
jj, are two holes in the bottom of the box i, one leading to the fermenting
vessels, the other to waste; k, k, k, k, k, are round way stop cocks at the end
of each coil; 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, are caps and screws fixed in the receiving box exactly
:

page_text: opposite the stop cocks for the purpose of admitting the use of a piston, thus
forming a temporary force pump of each coil in case of obstructions occurring
therein.
The operation of this apparatus is as follows:-We admit cold water into
the space
6 in the centre of the tub a, which flows round the partition 9, 9, I, I, I,
until it reaches the overflow pipe c, and there escapes, and as there is always
more or less water or wort left in the pipes after an operation is over, we begin
by leaving all the stop cocks h, k, k, k, k, open, and now admit the wort into
the main pipe d, which forces any water there may be in the pipes before
it into the receiving box i, the waste outlet of which is now open; as the wort
arrives at the stop cocks they are shut until it appears at the last, which is
left running, and the outlet for the waste closed, and that for the wort opened,
when all the stop cocks are opened at once and the wort flows through con-
tinuously until the whole is cooled, the pipes yet remaining full of wort. We
force this wort out either by admitting clean water or steam, or blowing air
through them until all the wort is discharged as near as may be.
The accompanying Drawing represents the refrigerator, I call a, No. 7,
and has five coils of three-quarter inch pipe, each coil of three hundred and
sixty feet in length, and is capable of cooling twenty barrels per hour from
boiling to the heat of the water or thereabout.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the construction
and use of the refrigerator as previously described by me in the Specification
of my former Patent, dated 23rd June 1856, No. 1471, "for an Improved
Refrigerator for Cooling Brewers' and Distillers' Worts, which I have called
the Helical Refrigerator," together with the improvements thereon herein
above mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Riley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.