IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Webster, of Sheffield, in the County
of York, Gentleman, and Edward Dawson Stones, of Sheffield,
aforesaid. Mechanic. for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Webster and
Edward Dawson Stones at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th March 1853.
We, HENRY WEBSTER, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Gentle-
man, and EDWARD DAWSON STONES, of Sheffield, aforesaid, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GAS STOVES" to be as follows:-
They consist of an apparatus for obtaining heat by means of an air
box or chamber, or air boxes or chambers, and tubes in connection
therewith, and of a contrivance for supplying air to the gas burners in
such stoves. The air box or heating chamber, to which is attached a
pipe or tube or tubes communicating with the external air, is enclosed
in a cylinder or case, and connected by tubes to a funnel or receiver at
the top of the case, through which the heated air is conducted into the

page_text: room or apartment in which the stove is fixed. The air is heated by
means of a flame of gas directed upon and playing immediately under
the air box; the heat evolved by the gas passes around the air box and
ascending tubes, and is retained in the cylinder or case until it reaches
the top, when, by its own pressure, it escapes through a descending
pipe. A current of pure air to feed the gas burners is obtained through
perforations in the outer case or cylinder, and is conducted immediately
under the gas jets through a channel formed by plates, which prevent
any other communication between the external air and the interior of
the cylinder or case.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Webster and Edward Dawson Stones, in
the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 24th September 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
HENRY WEBSTER of Sheffield, in the County of York, Gentleman, and
EDWARD DAWSON STONES, of Sheffield aforesaid, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Henry Webster and Edward Dawson
Stones, Her special licence that we, the said Henry Webster and
Edward Dawson Stones, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Henry Webster and Edward Dawson
Stones, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GAS STOVES,"
upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said fenry Webster and
Edward Dawson Stones, or one of us, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and scals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Webster and Edward
Dawson Stones, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof
(that is to say):
Our Invention consists in the use and application of an apparatus of
new and peculiar construction for the purpose of heating and cooking
by gas. The object and intention of our said Invention is to obtain a large
licating surface, to be subjected to the action of the flame and heated
vitiated air, and consequently to secure an expeditious and economical
means of heating a large volume of air, also to secure the perfect
combustion of the gas by directing a supply of air immediately upon
the jet or burner, and to keep the heated air pure and free from contact
with all foreign matter. These advantages are provided by our Inven
tion in a much larger degree than by any of the gas stoves hitherto
constructed and employed for similar purposes.
And in order to explain our said Invention as completely as possible
we will proceed to describe the best means we are acquainted with for
carrying our said Invention into practical effect, reference being had to
the illustrative drawing hereunto annexed, and to the numeral figures
and letters of reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, exhibits an elevation of a heating stove constructed ac-
cording to our said Invention. Figure 2, is a sectional plan thereof on
the line A, B, at Figures 1, and 3. Figure 3, is a transverse and
vertical section through the line C, D, at Figure 2. Figure 4, is an
elevation of a cooking stove. Figure 5, a sectional plan thereof on the
line E, F, at Figures 4, and 6.
section through the line G, H, at Figure 5. Figure 7, is a transverse
and vertical section taken through the line I, K, at Figure 3.
Figure 6, is a transverse and vertical
In

page_text: each of the foregoing figures we employ similar letters of reference to
denote corresponding parts, in so far as such parts appear or can be
seen at each of the figures respectively.
The construction of the heating stove exhibited at Figures 1, 2, 3,
and 7, is as follows:-A, A, marks a casing which may be either of
sheet or cast iron, the lower part whereof is supported upon feet at B.
The lower end of said casing is formed with a funnel mouth for the
admission of air to be heated; the air passes through a rectangular,
elliptical, or irregular shaped flue or channel D, to the horizontal air
box D', in which it is heated, thence it passes through a rectangular,
elliptical, or irregular shaped tube or pipe E, of zigzag or other form, and
flows into the chamber or apartment through perforations in a plain or
ornamental cover, or an inverted funnel-shaped receiver as exhibited in
the drawing. In order to prevent counter currents of air and any
admixture of the air to be heated with that required to maintain com-
bun, plates e, e, are fixed to cut off all communication between the
chaver b, the combustion chamber C, and the funnel or feeder D;
the air required for combustion is drawn only through perforations in
the external case, and is directed immediately upon the gas issuing
from the jet or horizontal perforated pipe M, so as to secure perfect
combustion and a steady flame. The conduit pipe N, through which
the gas enters is attached to the jet or burner, and is furnished with a
cock or tap to regulate the supply. The vitiated air arising from com-
bustion is prevented from passing into the chamber or apartment to be
heated by the top plate T, and consequently passes off through the
elbow pipe L, which communicates with a chimney flue or with the
external atmosphere; O, is a door by which to obtain access to the
combustion chamber C, for the purpose of lighting the gas jets. The
operations of this stove are as follows-Assuming the gas jets to be
lighted, the flame and heated air impinging against the under side of
the air box D', (as denoted by the red arrows at Figure 3,) will heat
the same, as also the casing A, and zigzag or other pipe E, by which
the cold air contained therein will be rarefied, and ascending will pass
off through the openings or perforations c, d, into the chamber in which
the stove is (as denoted by the blue arrows at Figure 3), and in this

page_text: manner and by these means the air will be continually circulating
through the stove, and impart heat to the air in the chamber or apart-
ment in which the stove is placed; the temperature may be regulated
by opening the cock in the main pipe more or less as usually practised.
The construction of the cooking stove exhibited at Figures 4, 5, and 6,
differs from the heating stove lastly above described, and exhibited at
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 7, in the following respects:-It will be seen upon
referring to Figures 5, and 6, that the cooking stove is constructed
with an inner casing A', which is securely connected to the outer
casing A, at the points 1, 1, 2, 2, (Figure 5,) and there are shelves 3, 4,
and 5, securely fixed to said inner casing to receive the articles to be
cooked, access being had to said shelves by a door f, hinged to the front
of the stove. The air box of this stove is formed by attaching plates g, 3,
and h, to the inner casing A'. It will also be seen upon referring to
Figure 6, that the plate 3, is formed narrower than the plates 4, and 5,
to leave a passage or opening for the heated air to enter into the
chamber P, from whence it passes by radiation into the
upper chambers
Q, and R, to facilitate which the plates 4, and 5, may be perforated
with holes; h', marks the top of the inner casing, to which is attached
a pipe i, for carrying off the steam from the chambers P, Q, R, during
the process of cooking; the lower end of the pipe i, terminates in
another pipe S, which is the exit pipe for the vitiated air to pass from
the combustion chamber C; T, marks the top of the outer casing
which is closed to prevent the escape of vitiated air into the chamber in
which the stove is. The black arrows denote the course of the atmo-
spheric air for supporting combustion of the gas, and for supplying air to
the air box D', to be heated and employed for the purposes of cooking;
the red arrows denote the course of the vitiated air, and the blue
arrows shew the course of the heated air and vapours. We would
observe that those parts of this stove which are similar to the heating
stove before described have similar letters of reference placed thereon.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be and may be performed, we desire it to be
distinctly understood that we do not claim the exclusive use of any of
the separate parts above mentioned and referred to, except in so far as

page_text: the same may be employed in combination, and for the purposes of our
said Invention, which we hereby declare to consist in, and we claim as
of our Invention of improvements in gas stoves,-The mode of creating
a current of pure air through the stove, and subjecting it to the im-
mediate action of the flame of gas and vitiated heated air, the mode of
supplying the air to the jet or burner, and of separating the air to be
heated, and the heated air from contact with anything calculated to
render it impure, and generally the construction of the said stoves in
the manner herein-before particularly described, set forth, and repre-
sented by the illustrative drawing hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Webster and Edward
Dawson Stones, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Signed and sealed by the said Henry
Webster and Edward Dawson
Stones in the presence of
HENRY WEBSTER. (L.s.)
E. D. STONES. (L.S.)
T. F. CASLIM, C.E.,
Highway Buildings, Sheffield.