matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MANUFACTURING AND FASTENING THE SOLES AND HEELS OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Currie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
July 1869.
I, WILLIAM CURRIE, of Edinburgh, Scotland, India-rubber Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MANUFACTURING AND FASTENING THE SOLES AND HEELS OF BOOTS AND
SHOES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in forming soles and heels of india-rubber with
a flanged portion adapted to receive a strip or border of leather, and
applying the latter so as to be flush with the surface of india-rubber,
and thereby form an outside sole or heel composed of a central portion
of india-rubber with a border of leather. The strip or border of leather
is to be fastened to the flanged portion of the india-rubber by any of the
ordinary means, and will also serve to fasten securely the india-rubber
sole or heel. The edge of the leather may or may not be cemented to
the india-rubber sole or heel as preferred. The flanged portion of the

page_text: sole or heel is by preference made of harder rubber than the rest
thereof, and after the strip or border of leather has been put on the
whole will be finished at the edge in a manner similar to that in which
leather soles and heels are ordinarily finished.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Taylor at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th August
1869.
I, HENRY TAYLOR, of Kensington, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers more particularly to three-wheeled velocipedes or
tricycles, but can also be applied to velocipedes with two wheels or with
more than three wheels.
My first improvement relates to the mode of propelling the velocipede.
For this purpose I fix ratchet wheels on the axle of the wheels of the
velocipede, and I work these ratchet wheels by pauls carried by levers
which are connected by rods with treadles to be worked by the feet of
the rider. The up-and-down movement of the treadles imparts a
similar movement to the pauls, which thereby cause the ratchet wheels
and consequently the wheels of the velocipede to rotate. The upward
movement of the treadles is assisted by means of springs, and the
two treadles may either be moved up and down simultaneously or
alternately.

page_text: My next improvement is chiefly intended to prevent the jolting of
the carriage frame, and consists in the employment of strong india-
rubber rings to act as springs, as hereafter described. The axletrees
bear against plates which are capable of moving up and down on vertical
guides, and which bear against the bottom of crutches which pass
through the carriage frame. Each of these crutches has a strong india-
rubber ring passed over each of its arms, the ring being also passed
round the carriage frame outside the guides before mentioned. When
the wheels of the velocipede pass over uneven ground the shocks
which they receive are transmitted by the plates and crutches to the
spring rings, and are absorbed by them; thus the carriage is saved
from jolts.
A CIRCULATING HEAT MOTIVE-POWER ENGINE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Cooke and George
Hibbert at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd March 1869.
We, JAMES COOKE, Paper Manufacturer, and GEORGE HIBBERT,
Millwright, both of Richmond, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A CIRCULATING HEAT
MOTIVE-POWER ENGINE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is applicable to engines worked by the pressure of
steam and hot water, hot water, or steam.
In performing our Invention we employ two boilers at different pres-
sure; these boilers are connected by a pipe and by a force pump or
other equivalent to cause the water and steam to circulate from one to
the other. The engine to be driven is supplied with steam or water
from the lower pressure boiler, and the exhaust pipe from the engine
is connected to a chamber through which the feed and starting water
passes; this chamber is connected to the pipe forming the circulation
between the boilers, and in this pipe is a chamber for the exhaust steam,

page_text: which is carried again into the lower pressure boiler by the current of
hot water or steam passing through a jet from the higher pressure to the
lower pressure boiler.
Our Invention may be modified by the use of a single boiler, the
water and steam in circulating from one part of the boiler to the other
after passing a jet or jets in the connecting pipe being heated so as to
increase its teniperature, whereby the current is produced for conveying
the steam through the jet from the exhaust pipe into the boiler.
The apparatus above described, is found by experiments to give
satisfactory results, but modifications may be required in carrying the
Invention into practical operation.
By means of this Invention all the heat is returned to the boiler,
excepting that absorbed by the power and lost by waste, thereby
effecting great economy in fuel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF SPRINGS TO CHAIRS, COUCHES, OR OTHER SEATS AND BEDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Rippon Kilpatrick at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th July 1869.-A communication from abroad by Edward H.
Robinson, of Providence, Rhode Island, in the United States of
America.
I, DANIEL RIPPON KILPATRICK, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF SPRINGS TO CHAIRS, COUCHES,
OR OTHER SEATS AND BEDS," which Invention has been communicated to
me from abroad by Edward H. Robinson, residing at Providence, Rhode
Island, in the United States of America, to be as follows, that is to.
say:
This Invention has for its object the imparting of a spring or elastie-
action to chairs, couches or other seats and beds, by means of extremely
simple and economical appliances, and which may be put into or out of
use with great ease.
In carrying out the Invention a spiral spring or any other suitable
spring is fitted with a cup or socket for receiving the foot or bottom end

page_text: of the leg of a chair, or the like, and in the case of a chair two such
springs or spring feet as they may be termed being set upon the floor
and the front legs of the chair being set in the sockets, the chair is at
once converted into a comfortable easy chair, and may be rocked in a
pleasing manner by the sitter, the hind legs resting directly on the
floor and acting as fulcra. Any convenient number of the spring feet
may be applied to couches or beds.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF PROPELLING CARRIAGES, BOATS, AND OTHER VEHICLES BY THE HANDS OR FEET
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Brown at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1869.
I, EDWARD BROWN, of Lyme Regis, in the County of Dorset, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF PROPELLING CARRIAGES, BOATS, AND OTHER
VEHICLES BY THE HANDS OR FEET," to be as follows:→
I use a driving wheel
vehicle to be propelled.
firmly fixed on an axis which is attached to the
On the same axis, at right angles to it, a circular
plate is fixed, having its centre in the axis. In this plate is a regular
series of holes or teeth near to or upon the rim of the plate and equi-
distant from the axis. On the same axis is a drum which moves freely
round the axis and works on the face of the circular plate. On the drum
a ratchet is fastened, the loose end of which works in the holes or teeth
of the circular plate. The pinion and a small spring connected with the
ratchet are so arranged that when the drum moves round in a forward
direction the ratchet holds firmly to the circular plate, and both the
plate and driving wheel are moved round in a forward direction; but
when the drum moves round in the opposite direction the ratchet moves

page_text: freely over the holes or teeth of the circular plate. The drum is made
to rotate in a forward direction by means of a chain or cord, one end of
which is fastened on the surface of the drum, and the other to a quadrant
lever working on an axis placed in front and parallel to that of the
driving wheel, and it is made to rotate in the opposite direction by a
spring roller or balance weight placed behind and connected with the
drum by another chain or cord. At each stroke of the quadrant lever
intended to propel the vehicle the chain connecting the lever and drum
tightens, and the drum is drawn round in a forward direction; carrying
with it the fixed plate and the driving wheel; at the same time the
spring roller at the back is drawn round and the spring tightened.
When the quadrant lever is moved back towards its original position
the chain or cord connecting it with the drum is slackened, and the
drum is drawn back towards its original position by the spring roller at
the back, ready to be again drawn forward by the quadrant lever at the
next stroke.
By this arrangement a crank is dispensed with, and its unequal trans-
mission of the propelling power to the driving whoel is avoided. The
whole of the propelling power is uniformly transmitted to the driving
wheel and the propulsion of the vehicle rendered much easier. Several
levers may be employed, and they may be worked either by the hands
or feet. Where the vehicle is a boat a paddle wheel in the middle of
the boat or the two side paddle wheels may be used as the driving wheel
or driving wheels.
Ar IMPROVED MACHINE FOR TENONING TIMBER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Duthie at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
September 1869.
I, DAVID DUTHIE, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "Ar
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR TENONING TIMBER," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to an improved machine whereby the tenoning
of timber is very rapidly and efficiently performed.
The machine consists of a framing on which is carried a backward and
forward traversing table that supports and moves the timber during the
time the tenon is being cut. The tenoning is effected by means of a
pair of cutters, which work the one above and the other below the
timber, and their distanco apart is adjustable in order that it may be
made to operate upon timber of various thicknesses and cut tenons of
various thicknesses or depths. The cutters are carried in holders fixed
to the revolving shafts, and are by preference situated at an angle in
order that they may act more gradually upon the timber being tenoned.
The cutters are put in motion by means of a belt or band acting upon
driving pullies, and which belt or band is first put in motion by a hand

page_text: driven pulley, and another belt is by the same means put in motion,
which at a slow speed actuates the gear that drives the travelling table
on which the timber is carried. In order to hold the timber to the table
one or more spring clamps are used, which is or are adjustable to the
thickness of the timber being tenoned.
IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING DESIGNS AND DEVICES UPON THE SURFACE OF GLASS AND GLAZED WARE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Rees at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
February 1869.
I, GEORGE REES, of Holloway, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare. the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS
OF PRODUCING DESIGNS AND DEVICES UPON THE SURFACE OF GLASS AND GLAZED
WARE," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to produce ornaments or devices by
vitrifying pounded glass upon glass and glazed ware. The glass after it is
pounded is sifted through sieves, the meshes of which correspond to the
sizes of the particles of glass intended to be used on the surface of the
glass or glazed ware. By way of example, I take a sheet of glass, whether
polished or not, and prepare the surface by brushing or otherwise
applying a gummy or other adhesive liquid thereon; I then sprinkle
pounded glass over the gum which adheres to it; the glass thus prepared
is placed in a furnace or under heat in any suitable manner in order to
vitrify the pounded glass upon the surface of the sheet glass. The
pounded glass may be of one or a mixture of colours, or the sheet glass
may be of a white or other colour. When I require to form a pattern

page_text: on the surface of the sheet of glass I cover the intended part or parts
with gum, and then sprinkle the required coloured pounded glass on it;
then the other portions of the pattern are likewise similarly prepared,
and pounded glass of a different color is sprinkled on those; these
operations are repeated until the required number of colours are sprinkled
on; the sheet of glass is heated to the required degree to reduce the
pounded glass to almost a liquid state; when the sheet of glass is
removed from the furnace the pounded glass is found to have fixed itself
into or on to the surface, and forms a rough face. Sometimes I leave
the sprinkled sheet of glass under heat for a longer time to enable the
pounded glass to run and intermix itself in the surface and thus produce
a more smooth face.
The above method of producing ornaments and devices upon the
surface of glass is applicable to producing the same upon all kinds of
glass vessels or articles and upon glazed ware generally.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING INTO AND GOING OUT OF PUBLIC VEHICLES AND BUILDINGS, OR PLACES OF AMUSEMENT, OR OVER BRIDGES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Crombleholme at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th April 1869.
I, WILLIAM CROMBLEHOLME, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE NUMBER
OF PERSONS ENTERING INTO AND GOING OUT OF PUBLIC VEHICLES AND BUILDINGS, OR
PLACES OF AMUSEMENT, OR OVER BRIDGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention, when applied to an omnibus, consists of two dials
with registering fingers, the one for inside and the other for outside
passengers; each dial has one or more index fingers, which are actuated
by a footboard placed in the floor of the omnibus or on the steps; the
footboard is connected by links and levers to a catch acting on a ratchet
wheel, and this ratchet wheel is moved one tooth by every passenger
entering into and going out of the omnibus. A second ratchet wheel is
placed near the first but having teeth in the opposite direction; this
second ratchet wheel has a retaining catch and toothed break, and is to
prevent the first one moving more than one tooth at a time. The
larger finger of each dial is moved one division for each passenger
entering or leaving the omnibus, and when the larger finger has been

page_text: moved once round the dial the smaller finger is moved one division to
check off the number indicated by the longer finger. The connection
between the fingers is made by wheels and pinions, or worm and wheel,
or otherwise. The number of divisions can be varied to any extent, and
the apparatus can be modified according to the particular object for
which it is intended.
At night or at any fixed time the position of the fingers on the dials
will give a correct register of the number of persons passing over
the footboard, and consequently of the money to be accounted for
by the collector, and when the numbers have been checked off the
fingers can be set by the proper person appointed for that purpose to
the zero of each dial ready to start again.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE BURSTING OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd April 1869.-A communication from abroad by James Craig
Cochrane, of Rochester, in the State of New York, United States
of America.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare,
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS
FOR PREVENTING THE BURSTING OF STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent steam boilers from bursting
by allowing the escape of steam when the water is low in the boiler.
The Invention consists of a hollow metal cylinder with a valve seat in
the head thereof connected and communicating with a tube extending to
the bottom of the boiler. A valve is placed in this cylinder, and consists
of a metal spindle and piston (made by preference hollow), and on the
spindle above the piston is a projecting bulb or cone. The lower end of
the spindle is made to fit easily into the tube, so as not to prevent the
flow of water or steam. When the cylinder extends above the boiler a

page_text: cap is placed over it and firmly fixed to the head of the boiler. In the
top of this cap is an aperture to match the bulb on the spindle, so that
when the piston is pressed up the bulb will enter and fill the aperture,
and the valve is then closed. The head of the cylinder is made tight
with packing so that no steam can pass except through the tube. The
lower part of this tube is made funnel-shaped, and pierced with holes up
to low-water mark. This tube may be made shorter, so as only to reach
down to low-water mark, and then no holes would be pierced in the
sides of the tube. When the water in the boiler is above low-water
mark the pressure of steam will cause the water to rise into the valve
chamber and close the valve. On the other hand when the water in the
boiler gets below low-water mark the valve chamber is filled with steam
instead of water, and the steam passing above the piston equalizes the
pressure of the steam below, so that the valve is kept open and the
steam is allowed to escape. A whistle may be attached if desired.
AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR APPLYING COMBINED EYELETS AND PAPER FASTENERS AND THE ORDINARY SHOE EYELETS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles McDermott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
March 1869.
I, CHARLES MCDERMOTT, of Tunnel Hotel, Edge Hill, Liverpool,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED PRESS FOR APPLYING COMBINED EYELETS AND PAPER FASTENERS AND
THE ORDINARY SHOE EYELETS," to be as follows:-
The press consists of three parts which I will denominate, 1st, the base;
2nd, the prong; 3rd, the plunger. The base is the foot or that part upon
which the press is built. The prong is a round piece of steel rivetted
to the base and projecting upwards. The plunger is a piece of rounded
metal about six inches in length and of an inch in diameter, having a
flattened head piece suitable to the application of pressure by the palm of
the hand, or so arranged that a lever may be applied. This plunger from
the base is bored with a central hole running half way up the interior
of the plunger, of such dimensions as to receive when pressed down-.
wards the upright prong before alluded to. The end having this hole
I call the base of the plunger. The hole I call the inner circle of the
plunger. From the extreme edges of this inner circle and on opposite
sides of it two grooves sloping at an angle of about 20 degrees are

page_text: cut upwards through the outer circle of the plunger, thereby forming
on each side of the hole or inner circle a wedge of an inch or there-
abouts in width. The plunger is held in its position above the prong
by means of a spiral spring & socket. In using this press for the
application of the combined eyelets & paper fasteners the eyelet is
placed on the prong, and the papers to be bound are held immediately
above it. A blow is then given to the top or head of the plunger, and
this forces the papers down over the nibs of the eyelet. These nibs by
this operation are spread outwards into the grooves of the plunger
forming a figure similar to the letter V. The plunger now resumes
its level, but on being turned round a quarterway in the socket and
receiving a further blow it flattens the nibs of the eyelet to the
surface of the papers. To make this press of use for the ordinary shoe
eyelets I first take off the prong alluded to and screw in its place a
cap somewhat similar in shape to a thimble. This cap contains a spiral
spring used to propel a prong of the diameter and height of the eyelet
used. Into the hole at the base of the plunger I screw or fasten in
such way as may be most convenient a hollow punch, a trifle smaller
in diameter at the extreme end than the diameter of the eyelet. This
prong is tapered. In applying the eyelet, the eyelet is placed on the
prong and the papers or material to be pierced above it. The plunger
is struck with the hand. The hollow punch at the base of the plunger
cuts the hole in the paper for the eyelet, and by the same concussion
throws the flanges of the eyelet outwards.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Beecroft at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
June 1869.
I, ROBERT BEECROFT, of Ovenden, near Halifax, in the County of
York, Machine Wool Combing Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL
OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class of combing machinery commonly
known as Noble's machine, wherein one or more circular combs work
within a larger circular comb, and my improvements consist in dis-
pensing with the dabbing brush heretofore employed for pressing the
wool or other fibre into the teeth or pins of the combs at the junction.
or point of contact of the two; and instead I only use a small dabbing
brush to the small comb, and one or more rollers applied to the large
comb at or near the junction thereof for pressing the fibre into the
pins; also a rod or press bar betwixt the two combs at the separating
side of the point of contact to hold the fibre on the pins during the
working or combing process.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Ohristopher Lewis at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st January 1869.
I, THOMAS CHRISTOPHER LEWIS, of Shepherds Lane, Brixton, Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The principle of my Invention consists in the generation of as much
steam as is necessary to give motion to the piston of the steam cylinder
throughout one stroke, the operation being performed successively for
the production of each stroke or each alternate stroke.
The mode of producing the steam is by admitting a given quantity of
water on to a highly heated surface of metal, by which means the water
is immediately converted into steam, and its pressure exerted on the
piston. The heated surface may consist either of the bottom cover of
the cylinder or may form any portion of the surface of a separate vessel
having direct communication with the cylinder.
The mode of imparting heat to the metal surface may be either by
gas, oil, coal, or any other means for the production of heat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING POWER BY MEANS OF LIQUIDS, AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE- WITH
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hinton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
September 1869.
I, GEORGE HINTON, of Ancaster, in the County of Wentworth, in
the Province of Ontario, Canada, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING
POWER BY MEANS OF LIQUIDS, AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE-
WITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the construction and arrangement of
machinery as hereafter described for obtaining power by means of
liquids.
I take, say, three tanks, which for the sake of clearly describing same
I will call No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3, they are made of any desired size
and material and are placed one above the other, being supported by
suitable framework. A wheel is placed below No. 1 tank and another_
below No. 2 tank. A pump or pumps is or are fitted to supply No. 1 tank
with liquid and worked by the wheel below No. 2 tank through con-
necting rod or rods or eccentrics, or by gear, or otherwise. Valves or

page_text: gates are fitted to tanks No. 1 and No. 2 to allow the contents thereof
to flow out or to fall therefrom when required on the wheels, and to
set them in motion. Suppose tank No. 1 to be filled with water the
valve in the bottom thereof is opened, and the water rushes into the
buckets of the wheel below, causing it to revolve and to drive any
machinery that may be in connection with the shaft on which it is
mounted; tank No. 2 then receives the water passing from tank No. 1
and the wheel, the valve at the bottom of No. 2 tank being opened the
water therefrom falls on the wheel below which drives the pump or
pumps before referred to, and so conveys the water from tank No. 8
back to tank No. 1. Below the second wheel and preferably in No. 3 tank,
I place a funnel which receives water from the wheel and through a
connecting pipe or pipes conveys it to a hydraulic ram, or to a series of
rams, and by the action of the pumps and rams working simultaneously
the water is conducted or forced through pipes into tank No. 1, and thus
a continual supply of water is kept in the upper tank and a continuous
motion communicated if required to the wheel below.
The Invention then essentially consists in an arrangement of tanks,
preferably three, one above the other, with two wheels so placed that the
lower works a pump or a number of pumps, and supplies any requisite
number of hydraulic rams placed at any distance from it to raise the
liquid from the lower tank to the upper to turn a wheel or wheels
placed below same and to drive machinery in connection therewith.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN GOLOSHES, SHOES, OR OVERSHOES MADE OF INDIA-RUBBER
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Coxhead, of No. 44, Gresham Street,
in the City of London, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GOLOSHES, SHOES, OR OVERSHOES MADE OF INDIA-RUBBER."-A
communication from abroad by Alcander Hutchinson, of Paris,
in the Empire of France, Manufacturer of India-rubber Goloshes.
Sealed the 31st August 1869, and dated the 12th March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Coxhead at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition. on the
12th March 1869.
I, WILLIAM COXHEAD, of No. 44, Gresham Street, in the City of
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOLOSHES, SHOES, OR OVERSHOES MADE OF INDIA-RUBBER,'
(a communication,) to be as follows:-
This invention consists in modifying the shape or form of india-
12th March 1869.
I, WILLIAM COXHEAD, of No. 44, Gresham Street, in the City of
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOLOSHES, SHOES, OR OVERSHOES MADE OF INDIA-BUBBER,"
(a communication,) to be as follows:-

page_text: rubber goloshes or shoes so as to adapt them to the peculiar conforma-
tion of feet and shoes of the Chinese and other Eastern nations, such
modifycation rendering the golosh available for the markets of those
countries as the ordinary golosh is in Europe and America.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Carver at the Office.
of the Commissioners. of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th.
December 1869..
I, WILLIAM CARVER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My improvements are applicable more particularly to sewing machines.
of the Wheeler and Wilson class, and relate,-
Firstly. To the mode of constructing the needle plate, and consist
in forming two sets of slots for the needle and feed surface in the same
plate, which is made circular to fit a circular hole in the cloth plate.
By simply turning this plate round in the hole, either set of slots may
be brought into use. The circular double needle plate is secured by
a lever on the under side of the plate or by other convenient means.
Secondly. My improvements relate to a mode of constructing a silent
feeding cam, and consist in hinging the disc or ring of the cam on one
side to a boss part on the shaft, and in hinging or connecting the other

page_text: side to a boss part, which can slide upon the boss fixed on the shaft.
This sliding boss is screwed and fitted with a screw nut, which has a
pin fixed in it to enter a circular groove in the boss on the shaft. By
rotating the screw more or less obliquity is given to the ring or disc, and
thus a greater or less length of stitch is obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Oldroyd, John Oldroyd;.
and Mark Oldroyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 13th December 1869.
We, GEORGE OLDROYD, JOHN OLDROYD, and MARK OLDROYD, the
younger, all of Spinkwell and Calder Mills, Dewsbury, in the County
of York, Woollen Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the weaving of two or more separate
fabrics at the same time in the same loom. It consists in the use of two
or more slays all set in one and the same going part and having separate
shuttle boards, shuttle boxes, and shuttles for each slay; the shuttles.
for all the slays to be driven either by one driving motion or by separate
driving motions for each separate shuttle box, the healds for each warp
to be either separate sets, or if one set to have two or more sets of eyes...
at such distances apart as are necessary for working the separate sheds,
for each separate fabric.

page_text: The peculiarity of this Invention is that it enables several fabrics or
separate pieces of cloth or other textile fabric to be woven in one loom
at the same time, whereby a much larger quantity of cloth or other
textile fabric in a given floor space may be produced..
An IMPROVED PORTABLE COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Carter Goddard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th December 1869.
I, RICHARD CARTER GODDARD, of Stockport, in the County of
Chester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "An
IMPROVED PORTABLE COOKING APPARATUS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
In
In carrying out this Invention I divide a pan or vessel made of iron,
copper, tin, or other metal, and of any convenient shape or form, into
two or more compartments, each having separate lids or covers.
each of these compartments I fit a colander or loose pan or vessel, the
bottom and sides of which are perforated, and in which the meat,
vegetables, and other matters to be boiled are placed separate from each
other and in separate waters, the latter being poured into the several
compartments separately until they are respectively filled to the height
or heights required. When the boiling is completed the lids are
removed and the perforated pans which act as strainers are lifted out,
leaving the water which runs out through the perforated sides and
bottom into the compartment, the use of ordinary strainers or colanders
being thereby rendered unnecessary.

page_text: The pan formed and fitted as above described may be placed directly
in contact with the fire, or be formed of earthenware or other material
and be fitted into a boiler, and the space between them filled or partially
filled with water. In this case the boiler is placed in contact with the
fire, and the compartments of the inner pan may be used without water
for baking, or with water for stewing and steaming as well as for boiling
purposes.
The apparatus is so constructed that ordinary steamers may be com-
bined with it.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Nicol at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
March 1869.
I, JOSEPH NICOL, of Stirling, in the County of Stirling, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object to render envelopes more secure than
as hitherto made; and it consists in cutting the closing flap with a
lateral security extension, which when the flap is closed down can be
turned over upon the address side of the envelope at the corner usually
occupied by the postage stamp. This security extension is gummed
along with the closing flap so that it can be made to adhere to the
address side; and it is made of any shape that will allow the postage
stamp to be affixed partly on it and partly on the body of the envelope.
If desired a second security extension may be added to be turned over
on the other corner. The other flaps of the envelope may be shaped

page_text: in the ordinary way, but it is preferred to shape the two side flaps to
cover each nearly one half of the back of the envelope, and to make
the bottom flap of a shape covering nearly the whole of the back..
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Collins at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
October 1869.
I, GEORGE COLLINS, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists principally of a roller mounted on suitable
standards fixed to the frame of the engine in front of the doffing comb,
and driven by means of a band from the callender shaft or otherwise at.
such a speed that the surface of the roller moves in the same direction
as the web or sliver of cotton delivered by the doffing comb, but at
rather a faster speed, the object of the said roller being to support the
web or sliver during its delivery and prevent it from breaking, and is
especially applicable to engines for carding Surat or other cotton of short
fibre. It will be evident that two or more of these rollers may be used

page_text: if preferred, or that the same effect might be produced by a
creeper
or endless web passing round two or more rollers. Curved guides are
placed at or near each end of the roller to guide the web or sliver thereon
and prevent it from working over the ends of the same.
AN IMPROVED RAILWAY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th April 1869.-A communication from abroad by Rustem Bey,
of Constantinople, Turkey.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office,"
No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED RAILWAY," a communication, to be as
follows:-
The said Invention has for its object the transportation of goods either
by steam or by animal power on a new railway called the vertical rail-
way. The way consists of a line of vertical columns or pillars which may
be constructed of iron, stone, or wood. The columns project above the
ground upon which they are erected from 5 to 8 feet, and are placed
at intervals of from 8 to 10 feet and more. The said columns are
connected by rails fastened thereon at different heights. The main or
vertical rail passes along the tops of the columns, and is designed to
support the entire load of the train, this main rail is constructed of
two single rails connected together. Two other smaller rails in a
transversely horizontal position are fastened to the lower end of the

page_text: pillars at the sides thereof. The waggons are provided with vertical
wheels which run on the main or vertical rail, and with horizontal
wheels to run on the side rails. The waggons can be moved either by
animal power or by locomotive engines adapted by their construction
to such a railway.
My improved railway is not built in a horizontal plane as is the case
in all railways hitherto known, but is vertical, and the rails are put
one below the other, the pillars being connected by the rails only. The
under rails which keep the waggons steady are at least 2 feet below the
rail upon which the waggons rest. The said waggons consist of two
halves which have their centre of gravity below the rail whereon they
are supported.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Richards at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
July 1869.
I, THOMAS RICHARDS, of Wincanton, in the County of Somerset, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOVES OR FIRE-PLACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in stoves or fire-
places.
I construct a cottager's stove applicable both for warming a room and
for cooking in the following manner :-The fire basket I make open at
the front and top as in an ordinary fire-place; its sides, which I line
with fire-brick, I make by preference inclined, so that as the fuel burns
and descends in the grate or basket it may be compacted together to
keep the fire solid at the bottom, it is however not essential that the
fire basket should be so formed. For cooking the fire is closed at the top
by a flap jointed at the back of the fire basket and turning down over
the fire, and this flap has a flange upon it to close the front of the fire
at the upper part, but leaving a sufficient space for the entry of air

page_text: between the lower bars of the fire. This flap, together with the hobs or
parts of the top plate on either side of the fire basket, forms a hot plate
for boiling. Underneath the fire basket an oven is arranged, and the
bottom of the ash-pit forms a part of the top of the oven. When the
fire basket is closed for cooking, as already mentioned, the draft from the
fire passes from the fire basket by openings in the sides or cheeks and
descends on either side to the top of the oven; it passes down the sides
of the oven to the bottom, from whence it ascends by a flue up behind
the oven to the boiler at the back of the fire basket, and then it passes
into the chimney; or two such flues, one on either side, may be pro-
vided. When the draft is directed downwards in this manner the throat
of the chimney immediately over the fire basket is closed by a flap or
door so that the draft cannot pass directly upwards from the fire to the
chimney. When, however, a simple open fire is required the top of the
fire is uncovered, and the flap closing the throat of the chimney is turned
down so that it may; from a back to the grate to guide the smoke
directly up the chimney.
A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR OBTAINING SAMPLES FROM BALES OF COTTON WOOL OR WOOL
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Melchior Amberg at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th September 1869.
I, MELCHIOR AMBERG, of South Seacombe Villa, New Road, Seacombe
(near Liverpool), in the County of Chester, Merchants' Head Clerk, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
INSTRUMENT FOR OBTAINING SAMPLES FROM BALES OF COTTON WOOL OR
WOOL," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object a new or improved instrument for
obtaining samples from bales of cotton wool or other wool, for which
purpose it has heretofore been usual to cut open such bales and to
take out samples with the hand, by which method it is impossible to
ascertain the quality or condition of the materials composing the inner
portions of the bales.
Now according to my Invention the bales are probed in such manner
as to enable their internal condition to be ascertained without cutting
open the bales, and for this purpose I make use of a peculiar apparatus to
be called the "Gemellus," and which consists of a semicircular gouge-
shaped or equivalently formed steel instrument of suitable length and

page_text: breadth, whose curved portion tapers from its upper part down to a fine
point well sharpened and finished. In the hollow of the instrument are
inserted at suitable distances apart a number of prongs or projections
finely sharpened and pointed, and which slant upwards towards the
handle and should not protrude beyond the edges of the gouge-shaped
portion of the instrument. The top part of the instrument is formed to
receive a handle or handles and a cross bar, which serves as a supporting
handle. In using the instrument it is to be pushed into the bale until
the point of the instrument has if possible passed thro' to the opposite
side or end of the bale without being turned or caused to revolve, then it
must be in like manner slowly withdrawn, when a small flake of the
contents of the bale will be found adhering to each prong or projec-
tion of the instrument, thus giving a sample of the material from every
part of the bale thro' which it has been passed, shewing thereby the
quality of the cotton or wool, and whether the same be discolored,
damaged, contain stones, or is false packed, and also withdrawing seed if
the bale is close packed, a result the attainment of which has long been
a desideratum.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE SHOES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Haycock and Walter
Carter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 15th February 1869.
We, WILLIAM HAYCOCK, Veterinary Surgeon, and WALTER CARTER,
Carrier, both of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HORSE SHOES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object to prevent horses slipping when
passing over slippery ground, and consists in a novel application of
pieces of iron or steel (commonly called caulks or spikes) to the shoes of
horses, such caulks or spikes being firmly secured thereto by means of
screw bolts, revets, or wedges.
AN IMPROVED LEVER MANUMOTIVE APPARATUS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rudolph Duerre at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th July
1869.
I, RUDOLPH DUERRE, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex,
Watchmaker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED LEVER MANUMOTIVE APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists principally of an ordinary lever forked at the
bottom and enclosing between the arms of the forked part a cog wheel,.
the arms of this lever moving round the working centre of the
This cog or other wheel may be in gear with any number of
other wheels or pinions according to the purpose to which the Invention
is to be applied. Between the arms of the forked part of the lever is
a double click worked by a spring, which engages when required with
the teeth of the cog or other wheel before mentioned. The spring
working the click is attached to the lever by screws or other equivalent
means, and is slotted so as to be capable of being moved up and down.
The double click is made of a peculiar shape so as to be capable of
being placed in three positions by the one spring herein-before mentioned.
It is pinned or otherwise fastened between the arms of the lever, and

page_text: has a projection at the top and bottom of that side which is pressed or
worked by the spring, so that when, firstly, the spring is pressed fully
down it catches the bottom projection of the double click and allows
of the wheel being worked in one direction only, say from right to left;
secondly, when it is pressed half-way down it allows of the lever being
moved over the teeth of the wheel without either of the catches of
the click engaging with the teeth of the wheel; and thirdly, when it
is at its highest point the spring presses the top projection of the
double click and allows of the wheel being worked only in the direction
contrary to that specified in the first movement of the lever, or from left
to right.
It will be evident that this Invention can be applied to many useful
purposes, such, for example, as an auxiliary to the motive power of a
velocipede, a carriage, or a boat, to the working of a mangle, a churn,
or other apparatus, and in fact it may be applied in other places or to
other machines where handles or levers have been hitherto used and
found inconvenient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wallington Harris at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th March 1869.
I, WILLIAM WALLINGTON HARRIS, of St. John's Wood, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
My improvements in velocipedes consist of the arrangement of the
driving mechanism in such a manner that a great amount of speed can
be obtained by the application of only a small amount of power. In
velocipedes generally in use only one revolution of the driving wheel is
obtained for one revolution of the crank, whereas by the aid of my
improvements more than one revolution may be obtained.
The mechanism consists of one or more toothed wheels or other
gearing attached to the driving wheel, and geared with one or more
toothed wheels or other gearing attached to the crank in a manner
somewhat similar to the arrangement known as the sun-and-planet
wheel. The crank pin being prevented from turning on its own axis by
radius or sliding motion bars.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLING AND SQUEEZING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Butterworth and Joseph
Ainsworth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 28th August 1869.
We, JAMES BUTTERWORTH, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, and
JOSEPH AINSWORTH, of the same Place, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLING AND SQUEEZING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in the use of a shaft which passes across
the machine, the handle being on one end and a pinion wheel on the
other end, which is geared into an internal toothed wheel fixed on the
bottom roller of the machine. The journals of the said bottom roller
rest in steps situate in an open space in the sides of the machine, so that
free access for the hand or oil can is obtained to the journals. The
journals of the top roller are placed in grooved channels, in which they
slide upwards and downwards, varying with the thickness of the material
passing through the rollers, and a sliding box containing a block of
india-rubber on which a grooved block acts is placed in each of the said
grooved channels, so that when the materials to be mangled or squeezed

page_text: are passed between the rollers the india-rubber acts the part of a spring,
the pressure of which on the rollers may be made as required.
This machine works with less noise and greater efficiency than the
ordinary machines used for the same purpose, owing to its moving parts
being less in number and of greater stability.
The machine is chiefly to be used for domestic purposes, such as
squeezing out water from textile fabrics, and for mangling similar
articles.