matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS, CAPS, Box- NETS, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1853

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed
with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter George Whitehead
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 16th December 1859.
I, WALTER GEORGE WHITEHEAD, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Accountant Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS, CAPS, Box-
NETS, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD" to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in the introduction into hats, caps, bonnets,
and other coverings for the head, of such combinations of metals or
materials as shall form with the moist skin during the wearing of the
hats, caps, bonnets, and coverings a voltaic or galvanic combination,
and develope a current of electricity; the electrical current so developed
curing or relieving head ache, or other nervous or painful affections in
the head of the wearer. I sometimes carry my Invention into effect
by placing parallel wires of copper and zinc around the interior of the
hat or other covering, and sometimes I introduce plates of copper and

page_text: zinc in such parts of the said covering as during wear comes in contact
with the head; but the method of carrying my Invention into effect
must be varied to suit the particular head covering to which it is
applied. The essence of my Invention consists in introducing voltaic or
galvanic combinations into coverings for the head.
NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THRASHING OR SEPARATING THE STEM AND HUSK FROM THE GRAIN OR SEED OF WHEAT, BARLEY, FLAX, AND OTHER PLANTS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ellins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th October 1853.
I, GEORGE ELLINS, of Droitwich, in the County of Worcester,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THRASHING OR SEPARATING THE STEM
AND HUSK FROM THE GRAIN OR SEED OF WHEAT, BARLEY, FLAX, AND OTHER
PLANTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a table supported on a horizontal axis on
which it is capable of revolving. The faces of this table are covered
with transverse flutes or corrugations made of laths of wood or other
material, the said laths being supported on an elastic bed, so as to be
capable of yielding. The said laths have different depths, and are
arranged so as to give a wave-like form to the surfaces of the said
table. The wheat, &c. to be thrashed is placed on the table (the
table being previously fixed in a horizontal position), the ends of the
stems thereof projecting from both ends of the table. A bar or flap
is made to fall upon the ends of the wheat, &c. stems to press them
down, and a corrugated roller is passed over the said bar or flap on to

page_text: the wheat, and is rolled several times backwards and forwards. By
this treatment the grains are detached from the stems and separated
from the husks. On withdrawing the roller the bar or flap which held
down the straw is removed, and the straw taken up from the table by
bands of india-rubber laid on the said table previous to placing the
wheat thereon; the table is unbolted, so that it may move on its axis ;
it is made to perform a half revolution, whereby the under surface is
brought uppermost; the grain falls on the floor with the husks, and
another portion of wheat, &c. is placed on the table to be operated
upon. While this is being done the roller and carriage on to which
the said roller is drawn after operating upon one portion of wheat, &c.,
(and which said carriage also carries the bar or flap which holds down
the ends of the wheat, &c. straw,) are moved to another table to treat
another portion. I prefer having three such tables under treatment at
the same time, for which one roller will suffice.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STORING AND PRESERVING GRAIN
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Amédée Devy, of 73, Grosvenor Street,
Grosvenor Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STORING AND PRESERVING GRAIN."—A com-
munication.
Sealed the 15th July 1853, and dated the 23rd May 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Amédée Devy at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd May 1853.
I, AMÉDÉE DEVY, of 73, Grosvenor Street, Grosvenor Square, in the
5 County of Middlesex, do hereby declare that the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STORING AND PRESERVING GRAIN" to be
as follows:-
The Invention consists in arranging granaries in such a manner
that the grain therein contained may be traversed in all directions, by

page_text: perforated tubes or air passages through which air can be forced if
required, so as to prevent the grain from heating; or there may be
passed through the tubes, mixed with the air, gases or vapours of a
nature such as to kill insects, check fermentation, and preserve the
grain.
A NEW OR IMPROVED LOCK
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rushbury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th August 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the.
time prescribed by the Act.)
Spec
I, JOHN RUSHBURY, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Pro
Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED LOCK" to be as follows:-
The Drawing represents my Invention in plan. «, are the tumblers,
which resemble those ordinarily used, excepting that instead of being
kept in their places by the ordinary kind of spring, I employ compound
bars b, c, of brass, the elasticity of which is sufficient for the purpose.
d, is a plate of the form shown; two pins e, f, (shown in dotted lines.)
at the back of the said plate d, engage in the slits g, h, in the
tumblers a, when the bolt k, is either shot or withdrawn, and prevent
the lifting of the tumblers a, when the keyhole 7, is open. When the
key is introduced and turned the said key moves the plate d, so that
the tongue m, covers the keyhole (excepting the cylindrical part a).
and the pins e, f, are disengaged from the tumblers a. When the bolt
has been moved the tumblers a, are again locked by one of the pins e, f,

page_text: and the keyhole is exposed. The two positions of the plate d, are
shown by the continuous and the dotted lines of the same.
If any
instrument or false key is introduced, and made to lift one of the
tumblers a, too high, the end n', of the lever n, is made to engage in a
slit in the bolt k, and prevent its motion; the motion of the end n", of
the lever is multiplied by the end n'.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LIFE BELTS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Warn Banks at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALFRED WARN BANKS, of 42, Newgate Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LIFE BELTS" to be as follows:-
Heretofore life belts have been so constructed that they have been
useful, when inflated, only as a means of supporting the body when in
the water. My Invention consists in applying pockets to or recesses in
such inflated belts, whereby the wearer will be able to keep his property
secure even when immersed in water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR AXLE- TREES.
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George French, of Bandon, in the Kingdom
of Ireland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR AXLE-
TREES.
"
Scaled the 1st September 1858, and dated the 27th June 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George French at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th June 1858.
I, GEORGE FRENCII, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR AXLETREES " to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention (which is particularly intended to be
applied to railway carriages) is to so construct the axles or axletrees of
such carriages that the wheels, when keyed or fastened thereon, may
be allowed to turn independent of each other when required, as when
running round curves or into sidings. This object is effected by

page_text: dividing the axle or axletree into two parts or half axles, and con-
necting them together at or near the middle by means of flanges or
collars. The end of one half axle is bored out so as to form a socket,
and the end of the other half axle has a pin formed thereon which fits
into the socket of the other half axle. The two parts are secured and
held together by flanges or collars, which are secured together by
bolts. The wheels are mounted on the axles in the ordinary manner.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George French, of Bandon, in the Kingdom
of Ireland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR AXLE-
TREES."
Sealed the 1st September 1853, and dated the 27th June 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George French at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th June 1853.
I, GEORGE FRENCH, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR AXLETREES " to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention (which is particularly intended to be
applied to railway carriages) is to so construct the axles or axletrees of
such carriages that the wheels, when keyed or fastened thereon, may
be allowed to turn independent of each other when required, as when
running round curves or into sidings. This object is effected by

page_text: dividing the axle or axletree into two parts or half axles, and con-
necting them together at or near the middle by means of flanges or
collars. The end of one half axle is bored out so as to form a socket,
and the end of the other half axle has a pin formed thereon which fits
into the socket of the other half axle. The two parts are secured and
held together by flanges or collars, which are secured together by
bolts. The wheels are mounted on the axles in the ordinary manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOLTS AND RIVETS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Griffiths at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ROBERT GRIFFITHS, of Great Ormond Street, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOLTS AND RIVETS" to be as
follows:-
My improvements consist in first having the iron rolled in the
ordinary way for making rivets, &c., but the size of such round
bars to be as large in diameter, or larger, as the head of the rivets
or bolts are required; it is then heated and cut into lengths required
for the rivets, and drops from the shears between two rolls and a
fixed excentric ring, which rolls revolve and also travel all round
the entire ring, at the same time form the piece of iron into the
shape required for rivets, &c. I also, when required, roll the bars
with projections on them, and then cut and finish the rivets and
bolts by either shaping them in the moveable rolls or presses for that
purpose.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAINING LAND
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Wilkins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
23rd November 1853.
I, EDWARD WILKINS, of No. 60, Queen's Row, Walworth, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAINING
LAND" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in boring or in sinking a well or wells (in
any part or parts of a field or tract of land required to be drained) to a
depth either below the level of the lowest portion of the field or tract
of land, or to such a depth as the nature of the soil may in each case
require; the water from the surrounding land will drain into and accu-
mulate in such boring pipe or in such well or wells, and may be drawn
off therefrom by pipes or otherwise, and conveyed away in any con-
venient manner, by which means large plots of land can be effectually
drained at a much less cost than by the ordinary system of drainage
now adopted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING LOTIONS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Major at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOSEPH MAJOR, of 10, Little Stanhope Street, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING LOTIONS," which I intend to call the
"Synovitic Lotions," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of combining the following ingredients into a
lotion for horses and other animals:
Neatsfoot oil, creosote, oil of lavender, Barbadoes tar, and rum.
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition.
A communication.
the Rth Sontowber 1858
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, C6, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR WEAVING
TERRY FABRICS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel or improved method of introducing
the terry wires into the sheds of those fabrics in which such instru-
ments are used to produce the terry or cut-pile surface.
Instead of introducing the wires by hand, or providing fingers or
other contrivances for taking hold of and pushing in or drawing them
out, the inventor proposes to attach the wires to moveable arms, which
are capable of being moved backwards and forwards, and in and out of
the shed.
In carrying out the Invention two wires or arms are employed, one
being on each side of the fabric.

page_text: The shed is formed in the usual manner, and then one of the arms
and wires is moved forward the required distance towards the reed, and
is also moved laterally in order to introduce the wire into the shed,
which is then crossed and the wire beaten up therein, and after the
proper binding and other wefts are thrown in, and a second shed opened,
the wire and arm on the other side is operated in precisely the same
manner so as to introduce the second wire. When this has been pro-
perly beaten up and secured the first wire is drawn out and reinserted
before the second wire, and these operations are repeated until the
fabric is completed. It will of course be understood that when cut-pile
fabrics are required the wires, instead of being plain round ones, as
when looped fabrics such as coach lace or Brussils carpet are to be
made, they must be made in such a manner as will admit of their being
cut out of the fabric by any of the plans heretofore known.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DISTILLATION OF FATTY AND OILY MATTERS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Webster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
June 1853.
I, JOHN WEBSTER, of Ipswich, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DISTILLATION OF FATTY AND OILY
MATTERS" to be as follows:—
The Invention consists in the distillation of fatty and oily matters by
means of a double vessel with an intervening atmosphere or current of
heated air.
Also in the introduction of a stirrer or agitator for mixing fatty and
oily matters with any agent or agents in or during the process of
<listillation.
And also in the passing of a current of steam or any other vapour
through fatty and oily matters submitted to distillation, conducted by
either of the above processes.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SMELTING OR REDUCING IRON ORE, IRON STONE, OR SLAG, OR SCORIA
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dalton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE DALTON, of Himley, near Dudley, in the County of
Stafford, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SMELTING OR REDUCING IRON ORE, IRON STONE,
OR SLAG, OR SCORIA," to be as follows:-.
I pulverize or crush the iron ore, or iron stone, slag, or scoria, to be
smelted or reduced into small fragments, and when so divided I mix it
with certain proportions of carbon, in the form of charcoal, coke, or
peat charcoal, or of coal slack or coal dust, also pulverized or crushed
into small fragments, and certain proportions of lime or limestone, also
pulverized or crushed into small fragments, and in some cases with
certain proportions of alumina, clay, or clay shale, marl, or chalk, also
pulverized or crushed into small fragments; and I mix the whole inti-
mately together before it is placed in the furnace.

page_text: The materials so mixed I place in a furnace, and the form of furnace
which I prefer is that known as Dalton's, and described in the Specifi-
cation of Letters Patent granted to Alfred Dalton, of Westbromwich,
in the County of Stafford, Iron Founder, for improvemnts in rever-
beratory and other furnaces, on or about the Fifteenth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
The materials being pulverized or crushed, and mixed in that state,
and exposed upon the bed of the furnace to the flame, the chemical
changes needful in the due separation of the metal from its alloys are
effected with great ease and perfection, the product being found
exceedingly puro and free from earthy matter. The whole process is
effected without the aid of any blast; and in this way the expense of a
steam engine, and also the extra cost of the construction of a furnace
intended to be worked by steam power, and all the expenses attendant
thereon, are saved, at the same time that a superior quantity of iron is
produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EARTHENWARE KILNS
Year: 1853

page_text: ICATION lett by Wilham Muir Campbell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th April 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I. WILLIAM MUIR CAMPBELL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Furnace Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EARTHENWARE KILNS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the so arranging kilns or ovens for burning
pottery ware and other earthenware articles, that great economy is
secured in the consumption of fuel, whilst the burning process is con-
ducted in an effective manner by means of very simple details of the kiln.
The kiln is circular in plan, and has a single furnace under the bottom,
and supplied from the outside, and communicating by its flue with a
central vertical flue, from which latter a series of horizontal flues radiate
outwards, and carry the heat directly through the mass of articles to be
burned. In this way the heat from the single furnace is widely and
evenly diffused throughout the kiln, as each radial current rises directly
up from the top of the radial flue by a series of suitable apertures, and

page_text: ascends through all the layers of articles, finally passing off from the
kiln by a single overhead central flue on the top of the kiln leading to
the stalk. By a slight modification of this arrangement the heat may
be more equally diffused on entering the body of the kiln. In this
latter case the main single furnace has two side elbow branch flues in
addition to its direct radial flue, so that when advisable the central
passage may be closed, and the two side branches opened to admit the
heat and flame to pass into the kiln-at-two points pretty wide asunder.
When so divided and diffused, the heat from each flue passes partly
into an outside annular flue, and partly along the radial flues to the
centre. Again, instead of using one furnace only to each kiln, a set of
four, or other convenient number, may be employed. Each of such
furnaces is constructed and arranged in the manner first described; but
it opens at its inner end into a short vertical flue, and the heated current
rising a short distance up this flue, passes back towards the periphery of
the kiln by a pair of radial or diverging flues, which diffuse the heat as
already described. As each furnace has its own short vertical flue
at its inner end, the entire set forms a species of central ring, and the
individual flues of this ring are again connected together by a set of
short radial flues, which proceed to a vertical central flue opening up
through the body of the furnace. In this way, whilst part of the heat
is diffused outwards by the duplex radiating flues, part is also sent direct
into the centre.
AN IMPROVED INKSTAND
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Lucas at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th January 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALFRED LUCAS, of St. George's, Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED INKSTAND" to
be as follows:-
In commercial houses, banks, and counting houses it is frequently
necessary to use inks of different colors, such as black, blue, and
red, or different qualities of ink, such as copying ink, which causes
the use of many ink bottles or stands. The object of my Invention
is the more convenient use of various colored inks by combining in
one stand or bottle receptacles for three or more sorts of ink. The
improved inkstand is shown by the annexed Drawing. It is divided
into three compartments or divisions, and commonly would be
colored so as clearly to indicate which division contains black, blue,
or red ink. I propose to construct the inkstand on what is known
as the fountain principle, by which ink is supplied in small quan-
tities as required, avoiding loss by evaporation. On the top of the

page_text: inkstand is a kind of rack divided into three parts, so that pens may
be placed thercon without being mixed. Thus a pen used for onc
sort of ink may be kept separate from those used for other sorts.
I reserve a right to vary the details, as, for instance, four divisions
may be used instead of three in the inkstand. The principle of my
Invention consisting in the combination of three or more receptacles
for ink in one stand or bottle. I propose to designate my Invention
the "Tria juncta in uno " inkstand.
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MEASURING AND WINDING OR ROLLING FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Hurrell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with is etition, on the
28th November 1853.
I, SAMUEL HURRELL, of New North Street, in the County of Mid-
lesex, Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MEASURING AND WINDING OR ROLLING
FABRICS to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to unrol or unwind and measure
various goods or fabrics, and wind or roll up the same after being
measured. The machine is applicable for all kinds of woven, felted,
or other goods or fabrics which are made up for sale in long lengths.
To effect the above objects an iron spit or spindle is passed through the
centre of the roll of goods intended to be measured, and the roll is then
placed in suitable bearing in the machine; the end of the piece is
passed over and under, or between certain carrying rollers, which turn
loosely or freely on rentres, so as to offer as little friction or resistance

page_text: as possible to the passage of the fabric, which is subsequently passed
over the measuring roller or cylinder, which is covered with plush or
some other material, which will hold the fabric to be measured and
prevent it from slipping. This cylinder must, of course, be of a given
size or circumference, so that a certain number of rotations will be
equivalent to a given number of yards. On the axle of this measuring
cylinder is a bevil wheel which gears into a similar wheel on the lower
end of a vertical shaft, the upper end of which carries an endless screw
which gears into and drives a screw wheel, which actuates the index
hand of a counting apparatus. After the fabric has passed over the
measuring cylinder it is conveyed between friction bars or rollers, and
from thence to the winding-on spindle, both the ends of which are
made square, so that one end may fit into a socket in the boss of a fly
wheel mounted on one side of the frame work, and on the other end is
placed a winch handle, whereby the spindle may be made to rotate.
It will now be understood that upon communicating motion to this
spindle by means of the winch handle, the goods or fabric to be
measured will be drawn off the spit or spindle at the other end of the
machine, and be passed over the surface of the measuring cylinder,
which will be thereby made to rotate and actuate the gearing connected
with the indicating apparatus, as above mentioned. It is worthy of
remark that the fabric to be measured is not stretched or any undue
. tension applied thereto until after it has been measured, and that then
by means of the friction bars or rollers any required tension may be
put on the fabric, so as to tightly wind up the same on the spindle.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-INKING STAMFING APPARATUS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at.
·the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th April 1853 A communication
the 4th April 1853. A communication
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
OF SELF-INKING STAMFING APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a novel construction of hand stamping
apparatus, whereby the block containing the device that is required to
be imparted to the paper or other substance under operation will he
inked by the act of lifting the apparatus from the paper. The
block is mounted on a horizontal axle which turns in bearings formed
in a tube that carries or itself forms the outside case of the apparatus.
This axle is caused to make a semi-rotation alternately in opposite
directions by means of a vertical rack carried by an inner or second
tube gearing into a pinion or pinions on the axle, and thereby the face
of the block is alternately (by the mere raising and depressing of the
apparatus) brought into contact with the paper to be stamped, and the

page_text: inking surface from which it takes a fresh supply of ink to repeat the
stamping operation. This second tube is provided on its outer periphery
with two feathers in a line parallel with its axis, and in the first or
outer tube grooves are cut to receive these feathers, the object being to
allow the outer tube to slide over the inner without receiving any
axial motion. When the apparatus is lifted, it will be understood that
the outer tube will first rise, but the weight of the inner tube will
give it a tendency to remain stationary, and thus through the gearing
the axle which carries the block will be caused to turn and invert the
position of the stamp or block. By thus getting the face of the block
uppermost, printing ink may be readily imparted thereto. One way in
which I propose to effect this is to mount within the second tube an
ink reservoir with a porous bottom, composed of rolled flannel, which,
from being thoroughly saturated with the ink, will present a moist
surface to the ascending block or stamp! This self-inking apparatus is-
chiefly intended for stamping newspapers and letters, but it is obvious
that it may be used with advantage wlierever the märking of paper
documents, &c. with great rapidity is required..
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Macpherson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th April 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES MACPHERSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
They relate to the mechanical arrangement and construction of
machinery or apparatus by which I obtain a regular and uniform
motion, so regulating, taking up, and letting off the cloth or material as
it is woven. My arrangements are simple in construction, and are
applicable to looms for weaving all kinds of goods. The principle of
this my Invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying
outline sketch or drawing, in which the same letters of reference are
used to represent similar parts. The motion consists of a slide (a).
worked by an eccentric (b) on the driving shaft (c); the slide has two
screws (d, d,) with travelling nuts (e, e,) which can move to and from
the centre. The nuts are furnished with studs or pins, with connect-
ing rods ff, attached to them, one being for the cloth beam (9), and

page_text: the other for the warp or yarn beam (h); the cloth beams is furnished
with ratchet wheel (i,) and pall and lever, as in the usual manner.
'The warp beam has also a ratchet wheel, pall and lever, which act upon
a worm and worm wheel, keyed on to the shaft. To each of those levers
one end of each connecting rod is attached, having their other ends
attached to the nuts (e, e). The motion of the nuts up and down the
slide is obtained from cams k, k, on the end of the beams, acting on
rods, which.act on levers having palls, working in small ratchet wheels,
fixed on the screws (d, d). These cams are on the end of the beams,
and move the rods only at every full revolution of the beam, so that a
regular and uniform motion is obtained in the weaving of all kinds of
fabrics at the fell.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REGULATING THE VELOCITY OF STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Knowles, of Eagley Bank, near Bol-
ton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Coal Proprietor, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REGULATING
THE VELOCITY OF STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES."
Sealed the 12th December 1853, and dated the 11th October 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Knowles at.
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th October 1853.
I, JAMES KNOWLES, of Eagley Bank, near Bolton-le-Moors, in the
County of Lancaster, Coal Proprietor, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REGULATING
THE VELOCITY OF STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES" to
be as follows :—
My improvements (when applied to a steam engine) consist in
attaching two ratchet wheels to the spindle of an ordinary throttle

page_text: valve. In a line with each ratchet wheel is a click hinged to a lever-or
rod, to which a constant to and fro motion is given by the steam
engine to be governed. The clicks move to and fro beyond the reach of
the ratchet wheels so long as the engine is running at its proper
velocity, but when the velocity is too great the governor balls, or other
governor, cause one of the clicks to come in contact with that ratchet
wheel by which the steam is shut off, and the contrary action takes
place when the engine is running too slow. When the velocity of a
water wheel has to be regulated, the ratchet wheels are connected to
the spindle of the clow instead of to the throttle valve as before
described.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF OVEN
Year: 1853

page_text: Sealed the 22nd July 1853, and dated the 25th May 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jonathan Dodgson
Carr and John Carr at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th May 1853.
We, JONATHAN DODGSON CARR and JOHN CARR do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF
OVEN" to be as follows:-
The chief object of this Invention is to facilitate the operation of
baking bread, biscuits, &c., by rendering the heat of the oven more
equable than heretofore, but the means which we employ in carrying
out this object is also applicable to the evaporation of moisture from
various substances.

page_text: In constructing our improved oven we erect a rectangular or other
shaped chamber of brick or stone, with a dome or arched roof, and we
provide it with a fire-place at one or more sides thereof, and also with
flues (the entrance to which is near the floor of the chamber) for con-
ducting off the heated gases. Within the chamber and around the
sides thereof we build up a number of cells or small ovens, access to
which is obtained through the walls of the chamber. These ovens we
construct, by preference, of fire-clay tiles or tubes, and we set them up
so that the fire may play freely around, but cannot enter within them.
The heated gases as soon as generated will first pass up to the
crown of the chamber, and be thence deflected upon the cells or small
ovens, around and between which they will pass to heat the contents of
the ovens, and eventually escape into the flues before mentioned.
The ovens are closed with suitable doors carried by the walls of the
chamber, and they may be severally or in groups cleaned, charged, or
discharged, without interfering with the baking operation carried on in
the adjoining ovens or groups of ovens.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING POWER BY CARBONIC ACID GAS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hume Greenfield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
the 22nd October 1853.-A. communication.
I, HUME GREENFIELD, of Old Cavendish Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention-
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING POWER BY CARBONIC ACID GAS" to be
as follows:
It has before been proposed to obtain power by the application of
carbonic acid gas condensed into a liquid by subjecting such liquified
gas alternately to heat and cold. Now this Invention consists of
improvements in the apparatus employed when using liquified carbonic
acid gas as a means of obtaining power. For this purpose the gas
having been obtained in the liquified state in a suitable receiver, which
it is preferred should consist of tubes, and which is called the refrige-
rator, it is withdrawn by means of a force pump worked by the engines,
and forced into a series of tubes contained in a series of reservoirs
filled with heated oil, by which the liquified gas becomes heated and
expanded, and from these tubular apparatus the liquified gas passes

page_text: "
into one or other of two chambers fixed at the ends of the working
cylinder, in which works a piston in a similar manner to a reciprocating
steam engine. The chambers at the two ends of the working cylinder
are each equal in capacity with the working cylinder, and they are filled
with oil. The heated liquified gas is admitted by a suitable valve into
one of these chambers, by which it will press on the oil and move the
piston to the other end of the cylinder, and-drive the oil into the
chamber at the other end of the cylinder, which will cause the liquified
gas previously therein to pass again into the refrigerator by the use of
a suitable valve and pipe. The incoming of the heated gas into the
chamber first mentioned will now be cut off by a suitable valve, and
anotlier valve will be opened to permit. the liquified gas to flow into
the refrigerator, and which it will be caused to do by the piston in the
working cylinder being driven back by the flow of heated liquified gas
into the chamber at the other end of the cylinder as soon as it has been
emptied of its previous charge, as above mentioned, and the valves have
been reversed by the working of the engine, and the force pump will
he continually caused by the working of the engine to withdraw
liquified gas from the refrigerator, and force it into the heating
apparatus in the reservoirs.
*
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF GLYCERINE, AND IN ITS APPLICATIONS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
the 10th T.... 10:0
CITO
the 19th July 1959.
ittents, wi
Letition,
communication.
(Voil by reason of notice to proceed not having been given. within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF GLYCERINE, AND IN ITS APPLICATIONS," communicated to
me by Victor Courboulay, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Chemical
Engineer, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the admixture of glycerine, either in
combination or solution, with fatty matters, alcohol, acetic acid, water,
&c., with all of which it combines casily. Mixed with these matters, it
gives them the property of readily combining with similar fatty and
other matters. It may also be mixed in certain proportions with
hygienic and toilette vinaigers, cosmetics, hydrolats, alcoholats, eaux de
Cologne, &c., for the purpose of reducing the rapid drying or evapo-
rating action of these liquids when on the skin, without destroying their
tonic propertics, causing them also to unite more intimately with the

page_text: skin, without impeding the absorption or obstructing the pores. By
admixing glycerine with various liquids with which it combines freely,
they may be readily combined with fatty matters, such as cold cream,
pomades, oils, &c., thereby also giving them the property of holding in
suspension certain alcoholic dyes, aqueous extracts, which have hitherto
always separated after admixture. It may be also applied to hair dyes
and washers, hygienic baths, &c. The common glycerine is purified, in
order to preserve it in an aqueous state, by aromatic plants, balsams,
salts, vinaigers, and alcohols. The bases of the above may also be
concentrated and charged with glycerine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Wells, Miller, Edward Mann
and John Harman, Journeymen Millers, all of Wandsworth, in
the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GRINDING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN,"
Sealed the 27th May 1853, and dated the 7th April 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry
Wells, Edward Mann and John Harman, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 7th
April 1853.
We, WILLIAM HENRY WELLS, Miller, EDWARD MANN and JOHN
HARMAN, Journeymen Millers, all of Wandsworth, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GRINDING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN " to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of applying to the upper surface of a mill
stone projecting fixed plates, (one or more inclined to, and one or more
from, the centre), which cause the air to be put in motion in such

page_text: manner as to pass between the hoop and the stone, and to descend
with the meal down the spout, and also in such manner as to cause.an
extra quantity of air to pass down the eye of the stone without making
holes through the stone.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF KNIVES AND OTHER SIMILAR HANDLE INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1853

page_text: I, JEAN BAPTISTE MASSAT, of Paris, in the Empire of Franco,
and of 16, Castle Street, Holborn, (City), London, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF KNIVES AND OTHER SIMILAR HANDLE INSTRUMENTS" to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists of a certain system of preventing the blades
of knives and other similar handled instruments turning round.
Fig. 1, A, A, oval collar, into which is fitted the part B, of the
handle; this part of the handle being thus made fast between the collar
of the spike C, and the socket of the blade A, gives to the handle of the
knife great solidity, as the rivet D, which fixes the spike C, at the
bottom of the handle B, keeps it perfectly firm.
Fig. 2, is an arrangement for knives and similar articles having a
collar separated from the blade; the parts A, B, B, are introduced
into the same collar E; or the part A, of Fig. 1, is surrounded with a
collar E; the spike C, is fixed to the bottom of the handle B, by a

page_text: rivet D, Fig. 3, for knives and other similar handled articles of stamped
and soldered metals, by filling the grooves of the handle B, with a lamp A,
which steadics it, and by forming in the thickness of the balance of tho
blade A, a circle into which enters, and is adjusted in a perfect manner,
the part of the handle B, which gives to the hollow handle, which is
filled with a strong cement, the same resisting strength as to solid
handles. The spike C, is fixed to the bottom of the handle B, by a
rivet D.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSMITTING POWER
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Armand Le Comte
de Fontaine Moreau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
with his Petition, on the 6th August 1853.—A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English
and Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, &
39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, France, do hereby declare that the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSMITTING POWER
to be as follows:--
The Invention communicated to me consists in a combination of
mechanical orgaus for increasing the effect of any impulsive force.
In the apparatus shewn in the annexed Drawing the impulsive
force is applied to and transmitted by a crank, and its effect is in-
creased by a weight rolling in a cogged wheel, which weight con-
stantly acting by its gravity at the extremity of the horizontal radius
of the wheel produces the same effect as is produced upon the tread-
mill.
The annexed Drawing is a side view of the apparatus.
A, is the crank where the impulsive force is applied. L, L, the
Sj

page_text: frame where the whole mechanism is set up. H, the wheel on which
the rolling weight E, acts, the motion being transmitted to the weight
by cog-wheels, and the pinion G, fixed on the shaft of the weight
taking into the internal cogs of H.
The motion can be given on either side, and be transmitted by
known contrivances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING
Year: 1853

page_text: with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th December 1859.-A communication.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING,"
communicated to me by Monsieur Bellancourt, of Rheims, in the
Empire of France, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment of a new chemical.
compound to be used in place of tartar, which has hitherto been
considered indispensable in dyeing wools, and also merinos and other
fabrics. The new compound is composed of sulphate of alumina, salt
of soda, and sulphuric acid, and forms a most effective mordant. For
blacks the following mixture is added:-Sulphate of copper, sulphate
of iron, soda, sulphuric acid, and grape husks.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLATION, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES IN WHICH SUBSTANCES ARE TO BE TREATED BY THE ASSISTANCE OF A VACUUM
Year: 1853

page_text: William Sievier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 27th April 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, JOSEPH PALIN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Whole-
sale Druggist, and ROBERT WILLIAM SIEVIER, of Upper Holloway, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLATION, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES IN
WHICH SUBSTANCES ARE TO BE TREATED BY THE ASSISTANCE OF A VACUUM,"
to be as follows:-
Our Improvements consist, firstly, in the use of apparatus for with-
drawing air from the vessel which receives the products of distillation.
This may be accomplished by an air pump or other known means, or
by the method constituting another part of our Invention, which relates
to a mode of obtaining a vacuum within a chamber, wherein sub-
stances to be treated in vacuo are placed, and consists in the use of a
vessel or vessels, in which a vacuum is formed by the admission and

page_text: condensation of steam, such vessels being separated from that in which
the substance to be treated is placed, by means of cocks or valves,
capable, however, of being opened so as to afford a communication
therewith after the vacuum has been obtained. An operation carried
on according to the first and second parts of our Invention combined,
may be illustrated as follows:-Suppose a spirituous liquor to be dis-
tilled, the material is placed in a vessel capable of being heated and
connected to an ordinary worm, terminating in a closed chamber for
receiving the product. Steam is admitted to the separate vessel consti-
tuting the second part of our improvements, and allowed to condense,
by which a partial vacuum will be formed. If, now, the communi-
cation be opened with the worm, and consequently with the vessel con-
taining the material to be treated, the air will rush therefrom to supply
the vacuum, and will necessarily become rarified; and by repeating this
operation (if desired) a vacuum, or nearly so, may be obtained. In
like manner, we obtain a vacuum for assisting the operations of evapo-
ration, of obtaining various solutions or extracts, impregnating sub-
stances with other matters, facilitating the process of filtration, or for
other purposes in which substances are to be treated by the assistance
of a vacuum.