IMPROVEMENTS IN
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Larard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1877.
FREDERICK LARARD, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey.
HINGES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The object of my improvements is to so construct spring hinges that the spring is
wholly contained within the ordinary dimensions of the hinge, and shall not project
beyond the plates or knuckles, as described in my application for Letters Patent,
dated 10th October 1876, No. 3918. Thus the hinge can be fixed by the usual
number of screws, so that no additional labour is required for fixing these hinges;
whereas by my previous arrangements the projection of the ends of the springs on
to the plates rendered it necessary to cut away a portion of the door and style to
allow the hinge to set level or true.
According to my present improvements the spiral spring is made preferably of
brass or steel wire, and of any form in cross section that may be required The
spiral spring lies in a recess provided for it between the hinge knuckle, and it is
retained therein by the hinge pin, which passes through the spring. In the plates
forming a hinge I drill or make holes in the inner edge of the plates, into which I
place the ends of the wire forming the spring, or if desired the plates are grooved
or cut so that the ends of the spring when placed in same will be flush with the
plates. The spring acts by torsion, and when fitted to the hinge it has sufficient
extra twist given to it to impart the required strength and elasticity; several
springs may be similarly applied to each hinge if desired.
My improvements also may be used for a double hinge, especially adapted for
show case and other doors, the same hinges serving for two doors hinged to the

page_text: same style and opening in opposite ways. These double hinges consist of a central
plate, to either side of which other plates are knuckle-jointed and provided with
springs, as above described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Larard in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th
October 1877.
FREDERICK LARARD, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey.
HINGES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The object of my improvements is to so construct spring hinges that the spring is
wholly contained within the ordinary dimensions of the hinge, and shall not project
beyond the plates or knuckles, as in the arrangement described in my application for
Letters Patent, dated October 10th A.D. 1876, No. 3918. Thus the hinge can be fixed
by the usual number of screws, so that no additional labour is required for fixing
these hinges; whereas by my previous arrangements the projection of the ends of the
springs on to the plates rendered it necessary to cut away a portion of the door and
style to allow the hinge to set level or true.
According to my present improvements the spiral spring is made preferably of
brass or steel wire, and of any form in cross section that may be required. The
spiral spring lies in a recess provided for it between the hinge knuckle, and it is
retained therein by the hinge pin, which passes though the spring. In the plates
forming a hinge I drill or make holes in the inner edge of the plates, into which I
place the ends of the wire forming the spring, or if desired the plates are grooved
or cut so that the ends of the spring when placed in same will be flush with the
plates. The spring acts by torsion, and when fitted to the hinge a sufficient extra
twist is given to it to impart the required strength and elasticity; several springs
may be similarly applied to each hinge if desired.
My improvements also may be used for a double hinge, the same hinge serving
for two doors hinged to the same style and opening in opposite ways. These double
hinges consist of a central plate, to either side of which other plates are knuckle-
jointed and provided with springs, as above described.
Having thus far described the nature of the said Invention, and incidentally
intimated in what manner the same is to be performed, I will now proceed (aided
by the accompanying Drawings) to further and particularly describe and ascertain
in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in practice, that is
to say,-
Fig. 1 represents a view of my hinge (open, flat); Fig. 2 is edge view; Fig. 3,
side view; and Fig. 4, edge view of one of the plates, showing hole for reception of
the end of the spring.
In these Figures A is the spiral spring, which lies between the recess provided by
the hinge knuckle B, being retained therein by hinge pin C. D are tho plates, each
one of which has a hole & drilled or formed on the inner face, as particularly shown
in Figs. 1 and 4.. Into these holes the ends of the wire forming the spring arc
inserted, as shown, but in place of holes a groove may be cut in the plates D, so
that the ends may find place therein, flush with the plate, as shown in Figure 4 at d*.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in
practice, I hereby declare that I claim the Invention of "Improvements in Hinges,"
substantially as the same is herein-before set forth and described, and illustrated by
the accompanying Drawings, the particular point or feature in such Invention being

page_text: the arrangement of the ends of the spring, so that the ends are inserted in holes
made for the purpose, or in a groove or recess in the plates, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Larard, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
W. HILLIER,
21, Cockspur St.,
S.W.
F. LARARD. (L.S.)