Improvements in the Manufacture of Cast or Moulded Articles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 21st June, 1890-Accented. 11th Oct.. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cast or Moulded Articles.
A communication from LUDWIG GROTE, of Dresden, in the Empire of Germany.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT M.I.M.E. of 323 Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is an improved process of manufacture of cast or
moulded articles combining great lightness with considerable resistance against
pressure and any tendency to crack or burst.
This object is attained by making a compound of soluble glass and a fatty substance,
akin to wax, whereby the desired flexibility is imparted to the soluble glass; the
thorough coherence of the two ingredients, thus combined, being eventually secured by
any suitable cement.
For this purpose, a solution containing preferably from 30 to 35 per cent. of soluble
glass is added to an equal amount of starch (by weight) and the whole stirred until a
thorough mixture is obtained. Then, according to the degree of flexibility the
material is desired to attain, from preferably 5 to 20 parts of wax are added; such
wax being previously molten and mixed with a small quantity of silicic acid. While
the wax is being added, the stirring ought to continue without interruption.
According to the nature of the articles to be cast or moulded, and the required
weight and hardness, other kinds of cement may be added, those made of sawdust,
straw or paper being especially appropriate. It is advisable, however, to dissolve the
same previously in a species of glue, one specie giving satisfactory results being
obtained by an admixture of starch flour to a solution of carbonate of soda.
The paste thus obtained may, according to its consistency, be cast or moulded into
shape, and submitted to a moderate degree of compression between suitable dies,
moulds or cylinders, whereby any free moisture it may contain, is removed. The cast
or moulded articles are next placed in a drying stove and there exposed to the action
of vapours of sulphuric acid, whereby a coating of silicic acid is formed on their
surfaces which renders them capable of withstanding the influence of air, water and
even steam without any alteration.
Dated this 14th day of December 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cast or Moulded Articles.
A communication from LUDWIG GROTE, of Dresden, Obergasse 10, Saxony,
Manufacturer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT M.I.M.E., of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is a process of manufacture of handles, tool-shafts and
similar articles of paper, or paper pulp. For this purpose a paste is first prepared by
mixing starch, water glass and some fatty substance, somewhat in the following pro-
portions; one part of starch is first dissolved in five parts of water, and to this
solution is added an equal amount, by weight, of water glass at from 30° to 35°,
whereupon the mass thus obtained is stirred so as thoroughly to mix together the
ingredients, and finally from 5 to 20 parts of a suitable fatty substance are added,
for which purpose I preferably employ beeswax.

page_text: This paste is then added to the paper in the proportion of about 25 to 40% of
paste to 60 to 75% of paper pulp which may be accomplished by two different
methods:-
(1) Ordinary paper pulp may be employed, such as is used for the manufacture of
paper or cardboard, it being immaterial whether it is made of rags, cellulose, straw
or any other suitable substance. This paper pulp is mixed with the paste above
referred to, and then moulded in suitable moulds or dies into the desired shape; or
(2) Ready made paper may be utilized, by being cut into long 'strips which are
then drawn through the paste above referred to and thus impregnated therewith.
After this, they are wound round a cylindrical or conical core or mandrel and com-
pressed thereon by means of one or more rollers, and the tubes thus obtained are
finally turned to the desired shape on an ordinary lathe.
The articles obtained by either the first or second of the methods just described are
dipped into a solution of say 25 parts of sugar, 10 parts of slacked lime and 65 parts
of water, and then allowed to dry. This solution prevents salt precipitates forming
on the surface of the article, owing to the use of water glass.
The articles obtained by this process are remarkable for their density, and are
practically indestructible, while at the same time they are very yielding. In tool
handles or shafts manufactured in this manner it is not necessary, for example, to bore
or burn an opening fitting exactly the size of the tool, it being easy to force the core
of a tool measuring 25 millimetres in diameter, into an opening of 5 millimetres
diameter, which will readily spread out to fit the tool without any risk of its
breaking.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The process of manufacture, of moulded or turned articles of paper or paper
pulp the paper pulp or paper strips being for the purpose brought into intimate contact
with a paste made of water glass, starch and any suitable fatty substance, substantially
as described.
2. The process of manufacture, of moulded or turned articles of paper, consisting
in first sizing the paper with a paste made of water glass, starch and fatty substance
and then compressing the same in moulds or between rollers, substantially as
described.
3. The process of manufacture of moulded or turned articles of paper, consisting
in winding paper strips, impregnated with a paste made of water glass, starch and
fatty substance, round cords or mandrels of cylindrical or conical section, and then
turning them to the desired shape, substantially as described.
4. The process of manufacture of moulded or turned articles of paper, in which
the paper pulp mixed with a paste made of water glass starch and fatty substance,
and moulded in the desired shape, is coated with a solution of sugar and lime, sub-
stantially as described.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.