Improvements in Prevention of Fouling of Outside Skin or Bottoms of Vessels from Growths by Sea Water, and by same Means to Accelerate Speed of Vessels through the Water.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th July, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Prevention of Fouling of Outside Skin or Bottoms
of Vessels from Growths by Sea Water, and by same Means to
Accelerate Speed of Vessels through the Water.
JAMES YORKE Gentleman (retired from business) of 7 Park Quadrant Glasgow
in the County of the City of Glasgow Lanarkshire N.B. do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
For the preservation of ships or vessels bottoms and also for accelerating the
speed of vessels through water by lubricating with oil the outside skin of vessels or
so much as is covered by their draught in water. For this object I fix and bolt to
outside of planks or plates of ship, a pipe or pipes fore and aft as conductors for oil
and having small perforated holes on inner side of pipes abutting ships planking or
plates, these holes will be at suitable distances apart and vary according to size of
hole or jet, and also their position in the vessel, those forward being closer than
midships, and the after part of vessel wider still. The pipes will be of copper or
other suitable metal or substance, and bolted by steel ring bolts to planking or
plating at suitable distances. In ordinary circumstances one of these pipes shall
be placed on either side of keel and as close to the bottom as possible laid fore and
aft or from stern post to water line at stem. A flat bottomed vessel would require
three perforated pipes or conductors for oil, one in centre and one near each bilge.
Those perforated pipes to be connected by plain pipes to a tank or tanks placed in
most convenient part of ship, and supplied with paraffin or other oil to feed
perforated pipes by pressure or by gravitation so that the oil may exude on the
surface of bottom or lower part of vessel and thereby lubricating the whole hull
from the pressure of water on the oil as it rises to the surface from & by the skin
of ship or vessel.
The use of oil may be continuous or at intervals as required.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Prevention of Fouling of Outside Skin or Bottoms
of Vessels from Growths by Sea Water, and by same Means to
Accelerate Speed of Vessels through the Water.
I, JAMES YORKE, of 7 Park Quadrant, Glasgow, in the County of the City of
Glasgow, Lanarkshire, N.B. Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the preservation of ships or vessels bottoms from fouling
and also for accelerating speed of vessels through the water by lubricating with oil
the outside skin of vessels submerged by their draught in water.
And in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood, I now proceed
to describe the accompanying drawing thereof, reference being had to letters and
figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1, is a transverse section of a vessel fitted with the apparatus.

page_text: _
For these objects viz. the antifouling of vessels bottoms, and increased speed by
reduced friction, I fix or bolt on either side of keelf of vessel k a run of perforated
pipe g of steel, iron, or other suitable metal or substance from stern post to water line
at stem (outside) as in Fig. 2; the perforated small holes being close to outside skin
or sheathing so that the oil may exude thereon. These pipes g are fed from 5
supply pipes & and e connected to special tanks a and c placed most convenient for
gravitation or for forced pressure graduated. For vessels of a larger class it may
seem fit and advantageous to have a line of jets for oil at or near the bilge which
may be had by a similar perforated pipe las g at keel connected by conductor h, or
a line of perforations made through plates of vessels sheathing as at o, connected by
small branch pipes from supply pipes and p, the extreme end of small branch
pipes having a steel jet similar to a gas burner tapped into plates. This method
would be suitable for flat bottom vessels without keels and having two lines of
perforated holes on either side of keels on or from stem to stern.
The holes in the perforated pipes g will vary in the distances apart according to
size of hole, quality of oil and position in ship those forward being principally for
speed will be much closer than those amidships which may be used discriminately
for speed, those aft with the others will be used occasionally when the vessel is at
rest for antifouling purposes.
In the accompanying drawing the tanks and disposition of pipes conveying the
oil to the outer skin of vessel from the said tanks a and c shown as placed on deck
and sufficiently high for supply by gravitation but if inconvenient on deck may be
placed below with a forced pressure applied. Instead of one tank several may be
used if preferred. Mineral oil is necessary for antifouling.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.
A large tank a is fixed on deck divided into small compartments but com-
municating with each other, for holding oil, which may be paraffin or other cheap
mineral oil drained from thence by hose pipe b to small ball-cock cistern c from
which d is a conductor pipe, and may be telescoped when necessary into e; at
bottom is a stopcock valve m and branch stopcocks n leading to pipes at keel g
and also to the bilge supplies h.
'
The hose b may be connected to d from the tank a if extra pressure is required
at any time.
If preferable the perforated holes in plates or perforated holes in pipes, and the
aforesaid plates or pipes may be placed near the stem as indicated by dotted lines q,
or in, or on, any other part of a vessel, wherever it may appear that the holes for
oil jets may be used most advantageously.
The foregoing description for lubricating the hull of vessels or any modification
of doing so may be varied in many ways whereby the oil is laid or exuded on the
outer skin of vessels so that the pressure of the sea water and motion of vessel
spreads the oil on the surface of the sheathing submerged.
It will be understood that the foregoing is given by way of illustration, and that
the shapes materials and proportions of the parts may be varied in many ways
within the scope of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In improvements for the antifouling of ships or vessels bottoms and also for
accelerating the speed in vessels from the oil preventing growths and lessening the
friction in passing through the water in a gliding motion substantially as herein
described.
2. In improvements in prevention of fouling of outside skin or bottoms of vessels
from growths by sea water and by same means to accelerate speed of vessels
through the water, the combination of the apparatus substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated.

page_text: 3. In improvements in prevention of fouling of outside skin or bottoms of vessels
from growths by sea water and by same means to accelerate speed of vessels
through the water, the combination of the tank a hose pipe 6 cistern c supply
pipes d and e, with the stop valve m stopcocks n perforated tubes g and perforated
plates I, substantially as herein described and according to the accompanying
drawing.
.
1
C T 1
1001
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, W., Agent for the Applicant.