IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Shaw Brown, Francis
Ayrton, and James Austin at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th May 1873.
We, SAMUEL SHAW BROWN, FRANCIS AYRTON, and JAMES AUSTIN, all
of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The said Invention has for its object the formation of the shed
through which the shuttle carries the weft by the motion of one set of
warp threads only, the other set remaining (except for end motion)
stationary, and consists of the following combinations of parts,—
First. As to the stationary warp threads:-These threads start from a
warp beam fixed at the back of the loom, thence passing over a warp
roller fixed at the required height, they are led in a straight line to and
between two retaining rollers or between the trough and roller known as
the trough temple. The retaining rollers or trough temple are or is
secured across the loom about half an inch in front of the point to
which the batten carries the last weft thread. During their passage

page_text: from the warping roller to the retaining rollers or trough temple the
stationary warp threads pass through the eyes of a shaft of stationary
retaining heddles. The object of the retaining heddles and retaining
rollers or temple is to prevent vibration of the stationary warp threads
being caused by the motion of the warp threads employed to form the
shed. The shaft of retaining heddles may be of ordinary form, or it may
be constructed similar to that described in the Specification of an Inven-
tion for "Improvements in Looms for Weaving," for which we obtained
Her Majesty's Letters Patent, dated Feb. 24th 1872, number 598, except
that each heddle must be formed with an eye made of wire thus
· The threads are kept stretched by weights on the warp beam.
22.
Second. As to the moving warp threads:-These threads start from a
warp beam fixed at the back of the loom near to the beam carrying the
stationary warp threads, thence passing under and over vibrating warp
rollers they are led through the eyes of a shaft of moving heddles to and
between the retaining rollers or trough temple above described. The
said vibrating warp rollers are secured by carrying pieces to a rocking
shaft, and this shaft is in this example the roller over which the
stationary warp threads pass. The rocking motion is communicated to
the said shaft or stationary warp thread roller through a lever secured
thereto, and actuated by a cam on the first motion shaft. The position
of the vibrating roller over which the moving warp threads pass is above
the rocking shaft or stationary warp thread roller, the other vibrating
roller which rests on and where under the said moving warp threads pass
is at about a right angle thereto, and is behind the rocking shaft or
stationary warp thread roller. The angle between the vibrating, rollers
is adjustable by set screws or their equivalents, and the pieces carrying
the vibrating roller under which the moving warp threads pass are
slotted so that the distance of the said roller from the shaft or stationary
warp thread roller can be adjusted to the requirements of the warp.
The object of the vibrating rollers above described is to prevent
rocking motion of the warp beam, and they effect this by taking up and.
letting out the warp threads according as the up-and-down motion for
forming the shed requires.
In looms of the ordinary kind all the warp threads would pass under
and over the vibrating rollers above described. The moving heddles

page_text: through which the moving warp threads pass may be of the ordinary
kind, and may be worked by ordinary mechanism except that the straps
which in ordinary looms are connected to the other moving heddle shaft
are connected by wires direct to the treddles. I prefer however that the
heddle shaft should be worked in the manner described in the Speci-
fication, No. 598, of the year 1872, above mentioned, and similar wire
hooks to those above described employed.
Third. As will be seen from the foregoing description the shuttle has
to pass through a shed formed alternately above and below the stationary
warp threads. In order to effect this the upper portion of the baton or
the shuttle race only is made to rise and fall by cam and lever con-
nections from the tappet shaft, so as to bring the shuttle alternately over
and under the stationary warp threads.