Improvements in Machines for Grinding, Crushing, or Disintegrating Grain and other materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 4th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 2nd June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Grinding, Crushing, or Disintegrating
Grain and other materials.
We, SIDNEY STRAKER, Civil Engineer, and THE CENTRAL CYCLONE
COMPANY LIMITED, both of 32 Graham Street, City Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding crushing or
disintegrating grain and other materials.
The object of our said invention is to provide an improved disintegrator for the
purpose of reducing heavy material.
According to our invention we provide a suitable hollow bed, on top of which
we place a cover or casing of semi-cylindrical form, for example; the chamber in
which the material is reduced is formed within the said base and the cover or
casing.
A driving shaft is supported in suitable bearings and passes through the centre
of the space within the base and the casing and has secured thereon a fan or beater
of the kind hereinafter described, or of any other suitable type, and a suitable
pulley or other device whereby rotation may be imparted thereto.
Around the inner circumference of the said cover, bars are provided which are
preferably of steel and rectangular in cross-section; the said bars are preferably
arranged parallel with the driving shaft and their ends rest in recesses formed
in the walls of the semi-cylindrical or upper casing or in attachments thereto.
Openings are provided in the periphery of the said casing which are normally
closed by segmental covers. The said covers are provided with buffers of
india-rubber or with steel springs, arranged to bear upon the said bars to keep
them in place.
Inside the said casing and chamber and preferably concentric with the driving
shaft hereinbefore referred to, a pair of serrated rings are secured, one on each
side of the fan or beater, in parallel vertical planes. The serrated face of each
of the said rings is presented towards the fan or beater and inclined so as to be
nearer the fan or beater at its outer circumference than at its inner circum-
ference. Each said ring may be built up of bars or of separate serrated plates
or may be cast in one piece or in four or more segments.
Screens comprising a series of other bars of triangular or other suitable
section arranged in a semi-circle in the hollow bed, are provided, and the said
bars are retained in place by means which are hereinafter described. The
cylindrical chamber formed within the said two series of bars constitutes the
reducing chamber, in which the fan or beater revolves in suitable proximity to
the said bars and to the rings herein before referred to. The bars of the said
screens in the bed are arranged with spaces between them so that the screens
grade the crushed or disintegrated material, which when sufficiently reduced
passes through the said spaces and out of the disintegrator through the bottom
of the hollow bed.
The said means whereby the bars in the hollow bed are retained in place are
important features of this invention and are arranged as follows:-Segments
provided with segmental slots are secured within the said bed, at opposite sides
thereof; the ends of the said bars are placed in the said slots and other segments
provided with projections or fingers forming distance pieces are then secured to the
first-named segments in such a manner as to enable the said distance pieces to
enter between the bars and maintain them at the required gauge; the said appliances
constitute a self-contained screen.

page_text: The aforesaid fan or beater is an important feature of our invention and is con-
structed as follows:-Upon the driving shaft a boss is firmly secured, by any suitable
means, and in the said boss a number of holes are provided. The said holes may be
made of any suitable cross-section but are preferably of a cross-section similar to that
of the arms of the fan or beater, which arms may be formed of bars of a rectangular
cross section, for example. A portion of each said hole lies radially in the hub, the
other portion being at right angles therewith, and parallel with the driving shaft.
The said fan or beater arms are provided with booked portions or projections at
their inner or fitting ends, which engage with the hub at the places where the said
two portions of each hole meet. Filling pieces are provided, which when the
said arms are thus engaged with the hub, are placed in the radial portions of
the said holes; the said filling-pieces are preferably arranged to act as balancing
weights; cotters are driven through other suitable holes in the hub and across
the ends of the said filling pieces, or otherwise into engagement with the said filling-
pieces, to keep them in position, whereby the hooked or projecting portions of
the fan or beater arms are kept in secure engagement with the hub.
When the
cotters are driven in, a split pin is passed through the smaller end of each, to
prevent the cotters from slipping. The said fan or beater arms are cranked or
bent in the plane of the driving shaft or otherwise and the outer ends of some
or all of the said arms are bent about their own axes so as to be at an angle
with the plane in which they travel.
For
The arrangement of the said fan or beater-arms in relation to the aforesaid
serrated rings is a most important feature of our said invention, for by the said
arrangement we effect a preliminary disintegration of the material by certain of
the said arms and effect a finer and final reduction by other of the said arms.
this purpose we make the arms which are to effect the preliminary disintegration,
of suitable shape, and we arrange them so that the material fed into the machine
is first reduced between them and portions of the rings at the inner circumferences
of the said rings, the said material then passing outward radially across the rings
and being still further crushed during its outward movement by other portions of
the arms arranged in gradually increasing proximity to the faces of the rings.
We form the other arms, which are to effect the final reduction, so that their
ends approach still closer to the said rings, preferably at the outer circumference of
the same, so closely, in fact, that they are enabled to reduce material which has
undergone the preliminary reduction by the other arms as aforesaid.
By this means the output of the machine is considerably increased as compared
with machines of equal size constructed as has heretofore been customary.
A suitable channel is provided in the apparatus whereby the material to be
crushed is delivered into the reducing chamber of the machine; the said channel
may be provided with a non-return door or flap, or with any other suitable device
for regulating the admission of material to the reducing chamber.
Dated this 4th day of June 1892.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Grinding, Crushing, or Disintegrating
Grain and other materials.
We, SIDNEY STRAKER, Civil Engineer, and THE CENTRAL CYCLONE
COMPANY LIMITED, both of 32 Graham Street, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the 5
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding, crushing, or
disintegrating grain and other materials,

page_text: Ine object of our said invention is to provide an improved pulverizing
disintegrator for the purpose of reducing heavy material.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood we will now proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure is a view, half elevation, half section, of an improved disintegrator
constructed according to our invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line y y of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a complete elevation of the said machine, and
Figure 4 is a cross section on the line 2 z of Figure 1.
A is the reducing chamber, formed within a semi-cylindrical cover or casing and
a suitable hollow bed B which supports the said cover. C is the driving shaft upon
which is secured a fan or beater D and a pulley E by which rotation is imparted
thereto. The inner circumference of the said cover or casing is fitted with bars F
the ends of which rest in recesses in segmental plates. The said bars, which are
arranged parallel with the driving shaft C, are preferably made of steel and of
rectangular cross section. G G are segmental covers by which the semi-cylindrical
casing is closed. They are provided with "shell" handles G' and with buffers H
of india-rubber which bear upon the bars F to prevent them from rattling.
Suitable steel or other springs may be substituted for the rubber buffers if desired.
A' is a channel or shoot by which the material to be disintegrated is introduced into
the outer portion of the reducing chamber. Upon the inside of the machine walls,
two serrated impinging-rings J are bolted in parallel vertical planes, between which
rings the fan D revolves. The serrated faces of the said rings are inclined so as to
be nearer the fan D at their outer circumferences than at their inner circumferences
as shown in Figure 2. Each said ring may be built up of bars or of separate
serrated plates, or may be made in one piece or in four or more segments.
Screens comprising a series of bars K are arranged in a semi-circle in the bed B,
and the said bars are retained in place by means which are hereinafter described.
The said bars K are arranged with spaces between them, so that the series acts as
a sieve to grade the crushed or disintegrated material, which, when sufficiently
reduced, passes through the said spaces and out of the mill through the bottom of
the bed B.
The said means whereby the bars K are secured in place are important features
of this invention and are arranged as follows:-Four sweeps L are placed within
the casing B, two on each side thereof, and are provided with segmental slots L' in
which are fitted the steel screen bars K, which bars are securely fastened in place
and kept at proper distances apart by the segmental distance pieces M which are
screwed on to the inner sides of the sweeps L. These distance pieces can
accordingly be changed for others of different gauges to enable the same sweeps to
be used for different sizes of racks, and to enable any of the triangular bars to be
replaced as may be desired. The end bars K³ are preferably made of steel and are
affixed to opposite sweeps by one end being permanently rivetted through one
sweep and the other end having the opposite sweep secured thereto by a counter-
sunk screw, thus enabling the screen bars to be easily removed bodily from the
apparatus, and to be readily replaced when worn, for this arrangement constitutes
a self-contained screen as is illustrated in Figure 1, and also in Figure 4, which
latter is a cross section through the sweeps ou the line of Figure I showing the
bars K in place.
The fan or beater shown in this example is an important feature of this invention,
and will now be described in detail. In the said fan the arms D¹ D' are firmly
secured in a boss or hub D³ which is keyed on to the driving shaft C. The said
boss is provided with holes D'; a portion of each hole lies radially in the hub,
the other portion being at right angles therewith and parallel with the driving
shaft.
The arms D¹ D' are provided with hooked portions D' at their inuer ends, which
engage with the hub at the places where the said two portions of each hole meet.
When the said arms are thus engaged with the hub, cottars O are driven through

page_text: other suitable holes in the hub to retain the hooked arms in secure engagement
with the hub. Split pius are driven through the narrow ends of the cotters to
prevent them from slippin
The said arms D D are either straight, or are cranked or bent, in the plane of
the spindle, and the outer ends of some of the said arms may be bent about their
own axes so as to be at an angle with the plane in which they travel.
The arrangement of the said fan or beater-arms in relation to the aforesaid
serrated rings is a most important feature of our said invention, for by the said
arrangement we effect a preliminary disintegration of the material by certain of the
For this
said arms and effect a finer and final reduction by other of the said arms.
purpose we make the arms D' which are to effect the preliminary disintegration, of
suitable shape, and we arrange them so that the material fed into the machine is
first reduced between them and portions of the rings at the inner circumferences of
the said rings, the said material then passing outward radially across the rings and
being still further crushed during its outward movement by other portions of the
arms arranged in gradually increasing proximity to the faces of the rings, as shown
in Figure 2.
We form the other arms D2 which are to effect the final reduction, so that their
ends approach still closer to the said rings, preferably at the outer circumference
of the same, so closely, in fact, that they are enabled to reduce material which has
undergone the preliminary reduction by the other arms as aforesaid.
By this means the output of the machine is considerably increased, as compared
with this class of machine of equal size constructed as has heretofore been
customary.
The material to be disintegrated is fed into the reducing chamber A. of the
machine through the channel A', is crushed by the action of the beater arms D'D³
and the impinging rings J, and, when sufficiently reduced falls as aforesaid through
the spaces between the bars K and out at the bottom of the bed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. In a disintegrator an impinging serrated ring the face of which is set obliquely
to the plane in which the fan or beater rotates, substantially as hereinbefore
described for the purpose specified.
2. The doors or covers, provided with buffers of india-rubber, or steel springs, or
other clastic material, for holding the impinging bars in place, substantially as
herein before described.
3. The mode of fixing the beater arms substantially as herein before described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
4. The construction of the beater arms so that some of them operate to effect a
gradual preliminary disintegration whilst others operate to effect the final dis-
integration of the material, substantially as hereinbefore described.
5. The construction of screens substantially as herein before described with
reference to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
6. A pulverizing or disintegrating mill substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
fil 1902
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.