Improvements in and relating to Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Oct., 1890-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Type-writing Machines.
I, PETER JENSEN, a Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, of 77, Chancery
Lane, in the County of London, England, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, (a communication to me from abroad by Darien W. Dodson, of
151, South Main Street, Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Engineer,) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of type-writers (recently invented by me) in
which the type wheels have independent orbital and axial rotary movements: and
in which the mode of printing a character is by rolling the type therefor on the
material to be printed, while said type wheel has both of said movements. The
principal object of my present invention is to provide a type-writing machine of
that class in which the type shall be inked immediately before the act of printing
therewith, thereby producing superior work; and in which the carriage shall be
automatic in all its movements, thereby relieving the operator of much care and
labour. For these purposes and to provide improved means for performing the
various functions necessary or convenient to the practical operation of the machine,
the invention consists in the improvements and combinations hereinafter more
fully set forth. In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this Speci-
fication―
Figure 1 is a top view on a reduced scale of a type-writer embodying my
improvements.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a rear elevation, drawn about full size.
Figure 4 is an elevation of the right hand side of the machine, and
Figure 5 of the left hand side, as seen in Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a vertical transverse section, as seen from the right-hand side of the
machine.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section taken about on line a-a, Figure 6.
Figure
is a front view of the carriage, including other parts at the rear
side of the machine, the printing mechanism being removed to better show said
parts.
Figure 9 is an end view of the carriage mechanism and the accessory parts,
showing the same in their normal or working position.
Figure 10 is a similar view showing the same parts during the automatic return
movement of the carriage.
Figure 11 is another similar view showing the position of the parts while the
carriage is being moved (in either direction) by hand.
Figure 12 is a top or plan view of one of the latch frames, and details assembled
thereon.
Figures 13 and 14 are vertical sections partially across the latch frame in the line
of key-lever 70, showing, respectively, said lever in two positions; and
Figures 15 and 16 are two similar views showing one of the latches in two
positions respectively. These four figures illustrate the operation of the latches and
keys.
Figures 17 and 18 are two plan views of certain parts of the carriage and feed
mechanisms and illustrate certain features of their operation.
Figure 19 is a view similar to Figure 9 showing a modification of the construction
of the carriage.
Figure 20 is a diagrammatic top view showing a type-wheel and its lines of
movement.

page_text: Figure 21 is a similar view showing the starting arm for said wheel shown in
Figure 20, and the lines of movement of said arm."
Figure 22 is a similar view showing the corresponding features of the stop arm
on the shaft of said wheel. These three views are supposed to be taken one below
the other in the order named, and the movements shown to be all simultaneous in
their respective planes.
Figures 23, 24 and 25 are diagrammatic views illustrating by three successive
stages, the operation of the starting arm.
Figures 26 and 27 are a plan and side elevation respectively, of a modification of
the feed wheel and gearing.
Figure 28 shows in plan view another modification in a more simple form, of the
feed mechanism.
Figure 29 is a top view of one of the type-wheel mechanisms, including a part
of the turret carrying the same.
Figure 30 is a front elevation of the parts shown in Figure 29.
Figure 31 is a side elevation of the same, drawn in projection to Figure 30 and
including the paper guard.
Figure 32 is a top view of parts below line f-f, Figure 31. In these four
figures the feed-pin is shown down, and the type wheel is turned partly around from
its non-working position.
Figure 33 shows a part of Figure 30, with the repeating mechanism in a different
position.
Figures 34 and 34 are diagrammatic top views, partly in section, illustrating the
operation of the paper guard.
Figure 35 shows a plan of the four type-wheels, and the plan of designating the
particular types.
Figure 36 is a tabular list of the types and their respective characters.
Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.
My improved type-writing machine consists of a frame work supporting and
carrying the several mechanisms, apparatuses and details thereof; a printing
mechanism provided with type-wheels, and means for operating them; a platen
on which to print the paper; a latch mechanism, and finger keys operatively con-
nected with the latches of this mechanism for indicating and controlling the
operation of the printing mechanism; inking apparatus; a paper carriage; a
carriage feeding mechanism actuating the carriage from the printing mechanism;
and apparatus operating to make said carriage automatic in all its movements.
And the nature of said machine is such that some of said elements thereof may be
materially changed as to their own construction and mode of operation, without
requiring any material change in other elements comprised in the same combination.
For instance, it is not a matter material to the printing mechanism whether one or
another form of carriage-feeding mechanism is used; nor to the proper operation
of said feeding mechanism whether one or another form of repeating apparatus is
used in the printing mechanism, or what devices shall be used to secure the proper
automatic action of the carriage. The same is true, also, of the other elements
above enumerated. And the following detailed description of the machine is made
to be read in the light of the principle thus illustrated.
The framework of the machine comprises or may comprise, (besides a suitable
table, as A,) the bed, B, the bottom plates, C, the carriage track-frame, D, the
upper bearing, E, and the four latch frames, F, F, F, F
The bed or main frame, B, I prefer shall be made substantially as shown, to
have a chamber (having a cover, K,) for containing those parts of the machinery
which I denominate the "printing mechanism," and which I will next describe.
A revoluble turret, designated in a general way by T, is fitted to be freely
revolved about an axis, which is usually and preferably a vertical axis. Said
turret may properly consist of the central shaft, 2, the upper disk 3, and lower disk, 4;
a pulley, 6, being affixed to shaft, 2, for driving the turret by means of a belt, not
shown. The lower end of said turret shaft is journaled in the lower bearing, L,

page_text: and the upper end of said shaft in the upper bearing, E, in some suitable and well
known manner.
Carried in bearings in said disks, there are a series of type shafts,
(four in this instance,) 5, 51, 51, and 51, all similar and set at equal distances from
the turret's axis and from each other. Said shafts are herein referred to collectively
as " shafts 5
and singly without choice as "shaft 5"-a mode of designation
to be applied without further explanation to various other duplicated details of the
machine.
"
The type-wheel is a disk or wheel, 8, of suitable material (as hard rubber or
metal) having on its periphery a series of types, as I, except on one side, where
a few type spaces should be left blank, as at 7. These wheels are or may be the
same as the wheel "E," described and claimed in Letters Patent of the United
States, No. 299,754, granted to me June 3rd, 1884. For the purposes of my present
machine, each of said wheels has thirteen utilized type-spaces, and types for a
different series of characters; so that the set of wheels has in all fifty-two utilized
type-spaces, of which spaces fifty-one are for types and one for the "spacer." This
will be understood by consulting Figures 35 and 36.
For properly starting revolving the said wheels, and either of them to the
exclusion of the others, I provide each of the shafts 5, respectively with a starting
arm, 12, 12, 12", 121, each set at a different height in the machine. (This
feature, however, is not of my invention.) For operating these arms to start their
respective shafts, provide four corresponding tiers of similar reciprocating wheel-
starters or latches, J, J, J", and J; which are adapted to be interposed into
the orbital path of said arms respectively, and to engage with and start the
same after the manner illustrated in Figs. 23, 24 and 25, showing successive steps
of this operation. The movement of the starting arm itself, during the printing
operation is illustrated in Fig. 21, in which the lines 160, 161, represent the
hypocycloidal path of said arm during the first and second revolutions, respectively,
of shaft 5; the corresponding movements of the type-wheel being similarly shown
in Fig. 20, and those of the stop-arm in Figure 22. In these (and other) diagram-
matic Figures, 45 is the axis of the turret, 46, the type-wheel orbit, and 47, the
starting-arm orbit, the path of the end of said arm when the shaft, 5, is not
revolving in its bearings. The line 48 indicates the type-circle, this being a circle
just circumscribing the types on one wheel; and the line, 50, is the type-path, a
circle circumscribing the type-circles of all the type-wheels.
The latches, J, in each tier are individually designated by a numeral prefix,
as 1 J, 2 J, up to 13 J, in regular order from the first to the last latch of the series.
The corresponding types, I, on wheels, 8, are individually designated by corre-
sponding prefixes; the respective sets of types on separate wheels being
distinguished by index points, as in the case of the tiers of latches. The normal
non-working position of the starting arm 12, relative to its orbit, is shown in
Figure 23. To start the shaft, 5, (the turret being continuously revolving) one
of the latches, as 1 J, is interposed within the orbital path, 47, of said arm, as in
said Figure 23, and on the arrival of the arm engages with the outer end thereof,
as also shown in said figure. As the arm 12 stands in its idle position forward of
the radial line, 49, when started revolving it acts, as in Figures 24, 25, after the
manner of a toggle joint, to push back the starting latch, J. Thus, when the latch
is once thrown in, as in Figure 23, it is automatically returned as soon as (and not
before) it has done its work.
The wheel-starter or latch, J, consists or may consist of a flat slide or bolt, fitted
to have a reciprocating movement in a slot or groove, 60, (Figures 15 and 16) in
the latch-frame, F, and under the cap, 55. The latch is thrown forward, (toward
the right hand in Figure 16,) by a spring, 56, contained, in the frame, and which
acts through the sliding pin 57, against a projection 58, formed on the latch; said
movement of the latch being limited by some suitable stop, as 59, formed thereon
and striking against some fixed part, as cap 55, of the machine. At the outer end
of slot, 60, there is a catch, 62, immediately above a rebate, 61 formed in the
atch-are, G, of said frame, F. A spring, 63, having hook, 64, is fixed to the

page_text: latch at 65, and is adapted to engage with catch, 62, for holding back said latch,
as in Figure 15. The frame, F, has two segmental rims, 66, 67, (Figures 12, 13
and 14). of which the first is called the fulcrum rim, and the second the guide rim.
The key levers, 70 lie in guiding slots, 68, 69, formed in said rims, respectively.
Said levers, 70 are usually made of thin sheet-steel of spring-temper; at its outer
end it is furnished with a finger-key, 72, and at the other end, 71, is adapted to
serve as a tripping rod or tripping bar, for unhooking the latch spring, 63. The key
lever is normally held in the position shown in Figure 13 with the key up, and the
working end, 71, down, by some suitable and well known form of spring, as for
instance, the coiled wire spring, 75, which is fixed in frame, F, at 74, and bearing
down on the lever at 73. A suitable cover, as plate 16, is provided to protect the
key levers in the uppermost latch frame, F. As will be seen from the plan view,
Figure 12, the key levers stand about cross-wise to the direction of motion of their
respective latches. This position is preferred because the keys are thereby brought
into convenient and more symmetrical location in front of the turret, and because it
is necessary the working end, 71, of said levers shall stand substantially cross-wise
to said latch movement; but it is not necessarily at right angles thereto. The
reason for this requirement lies in the mode of operation of the latch mechanism,
which is as follows:
The latch being pushed back and hooked, and the key being up, as in Figures 13:
and 15, the mechanism is ready for use. The operator now presses down on the
key 72, thereby raising the end, 71, of lever 70, which end stands under hook 64 of
spring 63. This operation lifts said hook until it clears catch 62, when the
spring 56, throws the latch, J, forward as in Figure 16, the hook 64, now being
above the catch 62 and wholly forward of the outer face of said catch, as shown in 2
this figure. During said upward movement of end 71, said end bears with an elastic
pressure against the outer face 761, of the latch arc, G, and just below the rebate, 61.
But on the forward movement of hook, 64, the end, 71, being suddenly relieved of
the, resistance of the spring 63, flies up, and springs into the rebate, 61, and (when
the operator releases the key) rests on the shoulder, 76¹, as in Figures 14 and 16.
Suppose now that the latch is next forced back to be hooked in its first position.
It is evident that the hook, 64, will strike the lever, and push end, 71, out from the
rebate, 61; and this whether or not the key has been released. If such is the case,
then the end, 71, will immediately be thrown down as in Figures 13 and 15, but
if not, said end will stand up until the key is released. In any case therefore a
the proper and instant return of the latch does not depend on, nor is it effected
by the position of the key. This is in fact, the operation of said parts inde-
pendently of said rebate, the particular utility of which lies in this: The
key 72, when pressed down may be pressed down instantly, as by a blow, or
slowly and steadily, as by a gradually increasing force. In the latter case, 4
(and if the latch shall be instantly returned,) it is possible to hold the lever
end 71 with its upper edge exactly in the plane of the top of catch, 62. The
result of this will be to prevent the hooking of catch, 64, on the return of said
latch, J, and thus to repeat the single operation of the printing mechanism, and
print the same character twice in succession. In practice the danger of this 4
improper action is sufficiently overcome by means of the construction described.
The ledge, 76', is set below catch, 62, by a distance which is slightly less than the
vertical width of lever end, 71, so that the sudden release of said end by the sudden
movement of hook, 64, allows said part, 71, to catch on said ledge. This effectually
prevents the operator maintaining (except, perhaps intentionally) that nice 5
adjustment of the key lever necessary to cause said repetition of the printing
operation.
It is considered necessary in practice in order to produce a quality of printing
satisfactory to the public, to ink the type for the character to be printed after the
selection of and immediately before the printing of such character. And to gain 5
this result, I have constructed my improved type-writer to use a type-wheel that is
twice-revolving, that makes two revolutions on its own axis each time started. This

page_text: mode of operation of said wheels I obtain by means of any suitable mechanism that
will impart the proper motion to a shaft or wheel, but I prefer to employ the
mechanical movement (including what I designate as the "repeating apparatus ")
which, as shown in the drawings, consists of the following parts, namely, the seg
mental gear, 10, whose teeth, 17, mesh with the teeth of the rack or internal gear 15,
(herein not fully shown) which is concentric to the orbit of said gear, 10, and
which is or may be the same rack as that described and claimed in U. S. Letters
Patent No. 390,097, granted. to F. H. Richards, September 25, 1888, the starting
arm, 12, for engaging with the latch to start said shaft, 5; the pinion, 13, fixed on
shaft 5; the stop arm 14, for bringing said shaft to rest after making the required
number of revolutions on its own axis, as illustrated in Figure 22; the segmental
stop-rim, 36, fixed on the frame for intercepting said stop-arm; gear 26, twice the
diameter of and driven from gear 13, and pivotally supported on the turret; cam 27
on said gear and operating the sliding sleeve, 23, on the shaft, 5; one or more
teeth, 20, carried on said sleeve, and thus actuated by said cam to be interposed at
and held for the proper time in the circuit of teeth, 17; and the sliding detent
pin 31, with its spring, 32. Of these several parts, said sleeve has a detent-
cam, 24, which actuates the arm 19, of a lever, 21, whose other arm, 22, bears
on the upper end of said pin 31. Immediately above the detent cam face, 25,
there is a circular disk or rim, 28, which, when the cam is lowered, runs against
the long arm, 19, of said lever 21, and thus prevents the upward movement of
detent pin 31, until the sleeve, 23, is again raised by cam, 27. Thus, said detent
pin when once it is thrown down, remains down during nearly two revolutions
of the type-shaft. The object of this arrangement is two-fold; first, to prevent
the operation of the detent until the end of the second revolution of said shaft,
and thus avoid unnecessary resistance to the operation thereof, and, second, to
provide for the feeding of the paper carriage (as hereinafter more fully described)
during the time in which the type-wheel is passing from the inking to the printing
points. By constructing and using the detent pin to act, also, as a feed pin for
operating the feed-wheel, said pin (properly constructed) becomes the principal
element of one part of the carriage feeding mechanism; and a very simple
mechanical device is thus made to serve two important and distinct functions in the
machine.
The inking apparatus consists essentially of an ordinary inking pad, or a roller,
or the like, placed adjacent to that part of the type path which is at a distance
corresponding to one revolution of the type-wheel backward from the printing
point. In the drawings, said apparatus consists of the roller, 30, which is fitted to
turn freely on a stud, 29, fixed in or to some part of the framework. The roller, 30,
may be constructed to operate in either one or two ways, as may be preferred;
first the roller may be made of absorbent material, and be saturated with ink, after
the usual manner of inking the ribbons of type-writers; second, said roller may be
made of non-absorbent material (preferably somewhat elastic,) and supplied on its
outer surface with ink, by means of inking appliances, after the manner of the ink
distributing apparatus of printing presses. In either case, the type rolls against
said roller or pad with sufficient pressure to be properly inked. The manner in
which a given type, as 11, is brought first to the inking roll and then to the printing
point, is shown in Figure 20, in which lines 162, 163, represent the hypocycloidal
path of said type during the first and second revolutions respectively of the type
wheel.
The operation of the above described mechanism for effecting the inking of and
subsequent printing by a particular type is as follows:-
The turret carrying the four type wheels is continuously revolved at a rapid rate
of speed, but until an impression or print is to be made there is no independent
revolution of any of said wheels on its axis, because the toothless portions of the
segmental gears 10 are adjacent to the teeth of the rack, 15, from which said gears
and so the type wheels receive their motion upon their axes. Upon operating a

page_text: :
particular type key and thereby releasing the wheel starter or latch, J, which is
under the control of said key, said latch, as has been before described, will be
projected into the orbital path of the appropriate starting arm, 12, on shaft, 5, as
the latter two are carried around by the turret. The engagement of the arm, 12,
by the latch, will turn the shaft, 5, so as to put the teeth of the segment, 10, into
mesh with those of the rack, 15, which, as the orbital motion of said segment
continues by the rotation of the turret, will cause a revolution of the shaft, 5, and
its type wheel.
From this it will be seen that when called into action to print, a type wheel has
simultaneously, two motions, one as carried by the turret, an orbital motion, and
one on its own axis, in consequence of which, as will be readily understood, causing
a particular point on its periphery, (as a type character,) to describe a hypocycloidal
curve. The parts in their construction and motions are so related that in the space
of one half of its orbital movement approximately, from the point where its wheel is
started to revolve on its own axis, each type will describe two such curves, the first
terminating at the inking device, where the second commences, and the latter at the
point where the printed impression is to be made, (see Figure 20). When an
impression has been made the type wheel should cease revolving and come to rest
with regard to a motion on its own axis, and this is caused by the engagement of
the stop device 14 with the segment 36 (Figure 22), which, in conjunction with the
detent pin 31, lever 21 and cam 24, operate to place and maintain the toothless
space of the segmental gear, 10, adjacent to the rack, 15, until a repetition of the
movement as above described is desired, and produced by operating one of the key
levers.
As two revolutions of the type wheel are to be made between the time of starting
and printing, there occurs a time between such acts when the toothless space of the
segmental gear, 10, is adjacent to the rack, 15, which, of course, were nothing
provided to prevent it, would result in the cessation of the revolution of said
segmental gear, and of its type wheel. This is prevented and the continuity of the
revolution ensured, by the provision of the sliding sleeve, 23, with the tooth, 20,
which tooth when the type wheel is to be at rest on its axis, occupies a plane above
that of the rack teeth, 17, but is adapted by the gearing 13, 26, the cam 27, driven
thereby and itself reciprocating the sliding sleeve, to be placed in the same plane
therewith and form in the toothless space of the segmental gear 10, practically a
part of said gear, making it continuous, and so engage at the proper time with said
rack to preserve the continuation of the rotation of the type wheel on its axis. The
movement of said tooth 20, into operative position and its withdrawal therefrom, is
caused in the interval between the commencement of the rotation of the type wheel
on its axis and the printing of the desired character.
The platen, against which the paper is printed consists of a suitable block
.supported adjacent to the type-path at the printing point. This block, 80, I make
of a slightly elastic quality of vulcanized rubber, but various other materials may
be used therefor. To facilitate placing paper in the machine and to free the sheet
from resistance while the carriage makes its return stroke, the platen should be
supported and operated substantially as follows:
A printing post or bracket, 76, stands in a fixed position rearward of the printing
point this post is or may be, affixed to, or be a part of the track-frame, D, as
shown, or it may be otherwise supported on the frame-work. Said post carries a
platen carrier or printing slide, 77, to the front end of which is affixed the
platen, 80. The slide, 77, is adapted to have a limited reciprocating movement in
said post or bracket, this movement being derived from the carriage or from the
carriage driving mechanism, by means of a lever, 78, pivoted to said post at, 79, as
hereinafter more fully explained. The forward movement of the upper end of that
lever is limited by a stop, at 81. Said upper end has a pressure adjusting screw, 82,
which acts through pin, 83, against spring, 84, contained in slide, 77. This slide
projects rearward of said lever, and has a position adjusting screw, 85, (formed

page_text: hollow for admitting screw, 82) which bears against said lever, for the purpose of
adjusting the normal (forward), position of said slide to bring the platen in proper
relation to the type-path.
The carriage of my improved machine has, in a general sense, the leading features
of ordinary type-writer carriages. That is to say, it has a longitudinal movement
forward step by step from right to left, and has paper-holding rollers, whereby the
paper may be fed up for printing successive lines. But my said carriage differs
from the carriages of ordinary type-writers in that it is constructed and organized,
in itself and in connection with its feeding and accessory apparatuses, to have an
automatic return movement, to automatically feed up the paper during such return
movement, and to actuate the platen at the beginning and end of such movement.
These and other improvements will be understood from the following detailed
description of a preferred form of this part of my machine.
The track frame, D, hereinabove mentioned, has on the upper edge thereof the
carriage track, 90; and the carriage frame, H, has two bearings, 86, 87, fitted to
engage and slide on said track. The carriage also has or may have a rocking
movement which is provided for by making said track rounded as shown, or by
means of other construction permitting such movement. At its lower side said
frame, H, carries a rack, R, whose teeth, 88, mesh with the teeth of gear, P. A
suitable rib or rod, 89, fixed to the rack or other part of the carriage, is fitted to
slide on the forked end, 91, of lever, 78, for the purpose of operating the platen
from a lateral movement of said rack. Said gear and rack constitute a part of the
carriage-driving mechanism, whereby the carriage is automatic in all its movements.
This mechanism has, besides said detachable or disengaging gearing, a rack switching
apparatus consisting of the following parts or some mechanical equivalent therefor:
A stud or "shuttle," 105, is attached to the carriage in a normally fixed relation to
the rack thereon. This shuttle stands, when the rack is in mesh with gear, P, at
the rear side of a rib-shaped "shuttle guide," 107, on the plate, 99. Two switch
arms, 110, and 112, similar in form and function, are carried on said plate and are
oppositely disposed to said guide. These arms are shown to be carried on the ends
of springs, 109, and 111, respectively, which are fixed to the plate, 99, at 113, and 115.
Said arms are also set inclined, about as shown, and are yieldingly held (by said
springs or otherwise) against the ends of guide 107. The outer end of the arm, 110,
or 112, however, has preferably a short part, 114, about parallel to guide, 107, for a
purpose hereinafter explained. The hooks, 108, are designed (one of them) to serve
as a stop to limit the return-stroke of the carriage, when no other stop is provided,
or when some other stop than the driving pinion is deemed necessary. But in practice
such hook may be dispensed with, and some other device substituted therefor, if any
substitute be required.
The operation of this switch apparatus as thus constructed is as follows: The
several parts being situated as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, the proper forward
movement of gear, P, moves forward the carriage to its position in Figure 17, until
the shuttle, 105, reacting against guide, 107, forces back arm, 110, and rests between
said guide and the straight part, 114, of said arm, as here shown; so that said arm
shall not at this moment exert any endwise force on the shuttle and carriage. A
slight additional forward movement of said carriage now carries said shuttle past said.
guide, and the spring-arm, 110, bearing on said shuttle, carries back this and the
rack, as shown at the left hand in Figure 18 and in Figure 10, thereby unmeshing.
or detaching the said rack and gear, and permitting the carriage to be moved back-.
ward. This movement is preferably accomplished by means of a return-spring, as
commonly employed for moving the carriage of type-writers. On the carriage.
approaching the end of its return stroke, the opposite arm; 112, bears against the
shuttle in the opposite direction, as shown by dotted lines at the right-hand in
Figure 18, and at the end of said stroke, forces the shuttle, 105, past said guide and
the rack into mesh or engagement with gear, P; after which the forward movement.
of the carriage may go on as before. Thus by means of this rack-switching apparatus
or some other equivalent device, and the disengaging gearing, the carriage becomes.
:

page_text: in a sense, self-acting, and will be automatically returned whenever its given forward
stroke is completed; the extent of this stroke depending of course on the length of
guide, 107. The lateral movement of the rack, R, carries laterally the rib 89, and
thus operates through lever, 78, and its connections to simultaneously move the
platen, 80, as hereinbefore explained; so that said platen shall be drawn back from
the type-path on the forward movement of the rack, and vice versa. The operation
of the carriage to throw back said platen, also throws back the feed rolls and the
sheet of paper, which are hereinafter described.
For effecting the return stroke of the carriage, I employ a return-spring of the
kind usually used for the same purpose in other machines having carriages of this
class. Said spring is or may be contained within a drum, 98, pivoted on frame, D,
at 97. A strap, 96, wound on drum, 98, is connected to the bearing, 86, as shown,
or to some other part of the carriage. The spring is supposed to be adjusted to the
tension required for returning the carriage within a proper time; this time I consider
to be about one-half of a second, but it may be more or less according to circum-
stances.
On the end of track, 90, I place a stop or buffer, 92, for stopping the carriage at
the end of the return stroke; and to relieve the hook, 108, of that duty. This buffer,
I make of vulcanized rubber, or of other yielding material, so as to reduce the force
and noise of the blow thereon. This blow, however, when the machine is in all
respects properly adjusted, will be very slight, so that the buffer is considered useful
chiefly as a safe guard.
The paper is held in place on the carriage and fed up by means of rollers
situated above the platen, substantially in the usual manner. The feed roll, 100, is
journaled in the upwardly projecting arms, 94, 95. The pressure rolls, 102, 103,
are supported on a rod, 101, which is carried by spring arms, 104, 106, that are
attached to said arms, 94 and 95, respectively. These pressure rolls are adjustably
placed on said rod, 101, to accommodate sheets of paper of various widths. Said
adjustment may be effected in several ways, but I prefer placing the pressure
roll on a sleeve, 93, fitting freely therein; which sleeve is set at any point on
the rod by means of a set-screw, 116. Above and back of the rollers, I place
a guard, 117, fixed on the upper ends of arms, 94, 95, for supporting the sheet,
to exhibit the few lines last printed. This guard also, in practice serves to tie
together said arms, and thus strengthen the carriage; it is preferably made of
thin sheet-metal, light and stiff.
The feed roll, 100, has a knob, 118, or other part, for like purpose, whereby it
may be turned in either direction by hand; and an ordinary ratchet wheel, 119,
whereby it may be turned forward automatically. This is or may be effected by
an apparatus as follows: A lever, 120, journaled on the shaft of roll, 100, has a
pawl, 121, engaging with said ratchet. That lever is operatively connected by a
rod, 122, to another angle-lever, or rock-shaft, 124, which is pivoted to or in the
carriage frame at 123. A spring, 125, connected to said part, 124, serves to throw
up rod, 122, whose upward movement is limited by a stop, 126. A stop, 128, is
fixed to frame, D, in such position as to strike the arm, 127, of rock-shaft, 124, just
before the carriage completes its return stroke, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 3.
This draws down rod, 122, and turns roll, 100 to feed up the paper. By combining
together the said parts in such manner as here described, an important result is
gained, namely; The considerable momentum acquired by the carriage during its
return stroke is to a large extent converted into useful work and applied to the
turning of the feed roll, which being under pressure requires considerable power for
that purpose; and this work being subtracted from that momentum leaves little
force to be expended against the buffer, 92. A consequence of this action is to
reduce the otherwise considerable tendency of the carriage to rebound, and thus to
reduce the concussion and noise of the re-engaging gearing, and of the switch
apparatus. These results are evidently of great value in type-writing machines,
which should be in operation as nearly silent as practicable. It should be noted in
this connection, that the carriage in my machine returns substantially free of

page_text: restraint, whereas in other type-writers it is moved by hand and thus kept under
control.
To
It has been stated that the shuttle, 105, is attached to the carriage in a "normally-
fixed "relation to the rack, R. By this is meant that the relative positions of
said shuttle and rack do not change during the ordinary operation of the machine.
But it is sometimes necessary in practice to temporarily disengage the gearing for
the purpose of moving the carriage by hand, either forward or backward.
permit this, said shuttle is movably attached to the carriage, and it is specially
arranged to have (by means of a shifting device) a limited stroke toward and from
said rack. One suitable and convenient apparatus or shifting device for this
purpose is constructed and arranged as follows: The shuttle, 105, is formed on the
lower end of an arm, 130, which is pivoted to the carriage frame, H, at 129. This
arm has a slot, 131, in which works the crank-pin, 132, that is fixed in the crank-
arm, 133, on rock-shaft, 134. Said crank is bifurcated, and encloses the sides of
arm, 130, to furnish a firm guide for the same. Shaft, 134, is carried in
bearings, 136, 137, on frame, H, and is operated by means of the lever, 135, and
connecting rod, 138, from the arm, 139, of the movable thumb-piece, 140, which
piece is pivotally supported on the journal or roll, 100, or on some other part of
the carriage. A fixed piece, 141, is provided so that said thumb-piece may be
moved by clasping these two pieces, after the ordinary manner of operating thumb-
catches on levers, in other classes of machinery.
The mode of operation of this last described apparatus is illustrated by Figure 11.
By closing together the thumb-piece, 140, 141, pin, 132, is raised in slot, 131, from
its position in Figure 9, to that in Figure 11. This draws the shaft, 134, and by
this rack, R, toward arm, 130, and holds the carriage in the same position as in
Figure 10. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the arm, 133, stands substantially at
right angles to said arm, 130, so that the action of the switch apparatus does not
tend to move crank-pin, 132, either up or down. But said pin normally stands
down on the bottom of the slot, 131, at what may be called its "dead-centre," and
is arranged to move up as shown in Figure 11, thereby disengaging the gearing as
aforesaid. This being done, the operator may slide the carriage in either direction
at will, and on releasing said thumb-pieces, permit pin, 132, to be thrown down (by
the weight of the parts or by a spring not shown) and re-engage the gearing. It
will be noted that this apparatus is to be used only when the shuttle is rearward of
guide, 107, as in Figures 9 and 11.
The frame, H, constituting the largest portion of the carriage, is preferably shaped,
as is well shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11, to form a paper holding receptacle or
pocket, Q, to contain the sheet of paper to be printed. This sheet is supposed to
be represented in edge view by the solid line, 150, the lower part thereof being.
rolled up as at 149, in said pocket. The upper edge of said sheet is passed up
between the feed and pressure rolls, in front of the platen, 80. When the carriage
stands as in Figure 9, its driving gearing being in mesh, this platen stands forward,
as also shown in this figure, so that the type-wheel, 8, may roll on the paper with
a pressure sufficient to print the character. But when the carriage is rocked or
swung into its position in Figures 10 and 11, said platen is drawn back as there
shown, leaving a clear space between its face and the type-path. The carriage
being now moved in either direction on its track, the paper, 150, is free to pass
along in said space without liability of being touched by the type, even though the
printing mechanism is being operated.
In some cases the carriage may be arranged not to have a rocking movement.
One such modification is shown in Figure 19. The carriage frame, H, has in this
case a rib, 8911, running in a notch or bearing in the frame of the machine, thereby
preventing any working movement of said frame except longitudinally. The rack, R,
is made separate from said frame, H, and pivotally attached thereto at 143; and
the shaft, 134, is carried in bearings on the rack. The bar or arm, 130, is connected
to the carriage, and is operated therefrom as before.
B

page_text: In order to properly feed, the carriage previous to the printing of the character
selected, it is necessary, since the speed of the machine is ordinarily very rapid, to
utilize for the feeding operation as much as possible of the distance between the
successive type-wheels. And in order to properly ink the type for the character
selected and to do so before the printing of such character, the inking apparatus is
set (as hereinbefore described) one revolution of the type-wheel backward in the
type-path from the platen. Now it so happens that in practice the distance in the
type-path between the type-wheels successively used, is or may be about equal (as
shown in the drawings) to the distance between the inking apparatus and said
platen; so that while one said wheel is passing from the inking apparatus to the
platen, the carriage may be feeding forward, and only come to rest (or substantially
so, for a slight movement is permissible) at just the moment before the said type
reaches said platen; and that the following said wheel may begin to feed the
carriage (for the character next to be printed) immediately after the said preceding
wheel has printed the first character. Thus almost the whole time is or may be
utilized for the relatively laborious operation of feeding the carriage, by using
therefor the time of the aforesaid one revolution which the type-wheel makes while
passing from the inking apparatus to the platen. This result I accomplish by
means of a carriage feeding mechanism which comprises a feed arm or feed-wheel
(and gearing) that is situated (as to the orbital movement of said type-wheels)
between said apparatus and said platen, and which is constructed to be operated
by a feed-pin that is interposed in the path of the feed-wheel arms directly or
indirectly by the type-wheel, and at about the time of the starting revolution of
said wheel. That is to say; on or soon after the starting revolution of a type-
wheel on its own axis, a cam or the like, on or connected therewith, throws down-
interposes the lower end of the feed-pin, as 31, into the horizontal plane of the
said arm or arms, so that when said pin arrives at the orbital position of said part
of the carriage feeding mechanism, it will engage with or act on the feed-arm, and
acting through this and its connections, will feed the carriage.
Said carriage feeding mechanism comprises two parts, of which parts the one
consists of the feed-pin, as 31, carried on the turret, and the means described for
operating the same by or from the type-wheel; and of which parts the other
consists (in its preferred form) in a feed-wheel, W, having a fixed location in the
machine; and gearing operatively connecting the same with and to feed the carriage.
The wheel, W, has a series of five similar feed arms, N, set equidistantly from
each other; and is pivotally supported on the frame of the machine by a stud or
shaft, 40, which carries a gear, 41. This gear, 41, meshes with an intermediate
gear, 42, which is fixed on the frame by a stud, 43, and which drives the gear, 44,
on feed-shaft, S; which shaft carries the feed-pinion, P, adapted to mesh with and
drive the rack, R, carried on the paper carriage. Some suitable detent, as 35, is
employed to prevent the wheel, W, from backward movement.
For actuating the pinion, P, I have preferred to use the wheel, W, because of the
peculiar mode of operation thereof in combination with the orbitally moving feed-
pin, but various modifications of this part of the carriage-feeding mechanism may be
used in this machine as equivalents for the said preferred arrangement. One such
modified apparatus is shown in Figures 26 and 27. Here the shaft, 40, is placed
horizontally, and is connected to shaft, S, by bevel gears, 39. The feed-wheel, V,
has a series of elongated cam-shaped arms, 38, preferably shaped to be actuated by
pin, 31.
Another modification, also an equivalent as aforesaid, is shown in Figure 28. In
this arrangement, a ratchet-wheel, 37, is fixed on shaft, S, and prevented from
backward movement by the detent, 33. The feed-arm; designated by U, is a single
one, and is pivoted to the frame at 51. The working face, 52, of said arm is shaped,
substantially as shown, so that the feed-pin, 31, shall readily actuate the arm, and
drive this from its position shown by solid lines, to that indicated by dotted lines.
A pawl, 54, pivoted to the arm at 53, serves to actuate wheel, 37, from the move-

page_text: ment of said arm. It is to be supposed that the return movement of said arm is
obtained by some spring, and is limited by some stop, and that pawl, 54, is held in
contact with wheel, 37, by a spring, all not shown.
While my machine is operative by using in the carriage feeding mechanism only
one feed-arm, as in Figure 28, there is a distinct utility in the combination specified
of a feed wheel having a series of such arms. With the single arm, time must
elapse between the successive feeding operations in which to allow the feed arm to
make its return stroke. By using a suitable feed-wheel provided with a series of
feed-arms properly proportioned and shaped, one forward movement of the carriage
may be begun almost or quite as soon as the preceding movement is completed; so
that in practice and by this means the rapidity of the carriage movements may be
greatly increased, and the whole machine have, in effect, a correspondingly greater
efficiency.
It is in practice very desirable not only that the machine be so organized, that
the carriage movement shall be completed just before the printing act, but also that
the reciprocating movement of the carriage shall be so timed relative to said
printing act, that when, at the end of a line, a character is printed at all it shall be
fully printed so timed that the return stroke of the carriage, or the backward
movement of the platen shall not begin during such act, and thereby cause said
character to be blurred or otherwise imperfectly printed.
In combining together and timing the several parts concerned in securing that
result, it is evidently necessary to consider the weight, inertia and elasticity of said
parts, and the speed and rapidity of succession of the movements of those parts.
Having due regard to these several features, and considering also that the full
backward movement of the platen (said movement being derived from the lateral
movement of the rack) must be completed substantially during the very brief
period of time between the departure from said platen of one type-wheel and the
arrival there of the next-it is found that the rack should be disengaged at almost
the completion by the carriage of its forward movement.
That is: The last forward movement of the carriage will be nearly completed
(as in Figure 17) when the shuttle, 105, passes the end of the guide, 107, and when
the type selected has approached nearly to the platen, 80; the rack-switching
apparatus will then begin to act on the rack (to throw this out of mesh) just before
the moment of the printing act, while the type-wheel, 8, is in about the orbital
position shown in said Figure 17. But owing to the inertia aforesaid, of the rack
and connected parts, and the high velocity of the type-wheel, (the turret should be
revolving about 200 or more turns per minute,) the force of said apparatus (when
properly proportioned) can only begin to effect such disengagement before the type
will have passed the platen, as in Figure 18. Owing to the weight of the parts to
be moved, and their consequent inertia, the said disengagement cannot become
perceptibly advanced before the type-wheel, owing to its high orbital velocity, will
have printed the character and passed on from the printing point. In Figure 17,
the feed-pin, 31, has substantially completed a given forward movement of the feed-
wheel, W, having moved arm, N, from the position, N'; this movement being
completed before the wheel, 8, reaches the platen, but not until just after
shuttle, 105, (shown by solid lines in this figure), passes the end of guide, 107.
After this last event, and before said shuttle has perceptibly moved toward the
position, 105', thereof, (Figure 17), the type-wheel strikes the paper on platen, 80,
which then recedes, as in Figure 18, before the arrival of wheel, 81.
To properly appreciate the practical utility and value of that peculiar combination
and arrangement of the printing and carriage mechanisms, it should be understood
that the turret may sometimes be driven at a speed of 500 revolutions per minute,
so that the time between the printing acts (four wheels being used) may not be greater
than the one-thirty-second part of a second; and the time between the release of
the shuttle, 105, and the printing act, less than the one-hundred-and-fiftieth part
of a second. This very brief moment of time is found in practice to be less than
is required to properly overcome the inertia of the rack and connected parts, while

page_text: the one thirty-second part of a second is ordinarily time enough to effect the aforesaid
disengagement, and throw back the platen.
Another improvement embodied in my machine consists in a paper guard having a
lateral movement toward and from the platen, and operated from the printing
mechanism. This device in a preferred form is most fully shown in Figures 31, 34,
and 34. The guard consists of a spring, or yielding post, 180, fixed at its lower
end, and of which the upper end stands normally clear of the platen, as shown in
Figure 34. The type-wheel has thereon (or on the shaft thereof) a guard-cam, 182,
corresponding in its general shape to the shape of the type-wheel. When the
type-wheel has only an orbital movement, as in Figure 34, the cam, 182, lies wholly
within lines 183. But when said wheel has at the same time an axial rotary move-
ment, the said cam rolls against the inner surface, 184, and pushes forward the
guard, as in Figure 34ª, before the type printing form reaches the platen. The
chief advantage of this improvement is that the paper, 150, is pushed back on each
side of the platen, so that the type adjacent to the type printing form cannot
touch the paper, if this is wrinkled or uneven, which is frequently the case especially
where several copies are made by "manifolding" at one time.
The construction and mode of operation in detail of the several mechanisms
having now been described, I will next explain the operation of using the machine
as a whole. A sheet of paper, 150, is first placed in the machine, as explained in
connection with Figures 9, 10, and 11. The operator next seizes handles, 140, 141,
and places the carriage in position for printing the first letter of a given line. The
turret being now (or previously) set in constant rotation at suitable speed in
the direction shown by the arrows, the finger key for a required character is
struck, thereby unhooking one of the latches, as for instance, the latch 1.J,
Figure 21. This latch by striking arm 12 of shaft, 5, in position X, starts
the type-wheel revolving, as in Figure 20; and the gearing described continues
such movement to bring the corresponding type, 1 I first onto the inking roll, 30,
and then against the paper on platen, 80, and until the stop-arm, 14, is intercepted
by the stop-rim, 36. In the meantime, however, the feed-pin, 31, has actuated the
feed wheel and gearing to feed forward the carriage one letter space, and to
complete such feed movement before the character is printed, as hereinbefore
more fully described. These operations are repeated, using such keys (including
the spacer) as required by the matter to be printed, until the given line is finished,
when the carriage returns automatically, as set forth, and takes up its position
ready for beginning the next line, having fed up the sheet on its return move-
ment, as before explained. Thus it will be seen, the ordinary operation of the
machine involves only the supplying of the paper, and the proper manipulation
of the keys.
The "type-wheel " as specified in the claims, is supposed to consist of a disk or
type-wheel proper, having thereon the types, some suitable shaft or stud for
revolubly supporting said wheel proper, and some suitable arm or the like, on said
shaft or wheel, and serving to start the same revolving by engagement with the
wheel-starters. So far as these separate details are concerned in the general
operation of the machine as a whole, they are functionally one element, however
distinct they may be considered as to the operation of some particular mechanism
comprised in the machine.
As used in this Specification in respect of the carriage and carriage feeding
apparatus, and as generally used herein, the word "reciprocating" is a generic
term which includes the specific terms "linear reciprocating
and " rotary
reciprocating."
"2
In some cases the platen, 80, together with its supporting devices may be
dispensed with and the roll, 100, set lower down, as at 165, Figure 10, so that the
paper will be printed on said roll as a platen. In those of my claims in which " a
platen" is specified as an element, such element may be either of the fixed form, 80,
or the roll form thereof, as may be preferred; and both of these forms are intended
to be covered in combination by the said claims.

page_text: It will be understood that this machine, and especially the several mechanisms
and details thereof, are capable of modification in various ways and degrees, other
than the ways described, after the manner of machines in general, within the scope
and limits of my invention. With regard to the carriage feeding mechanism
described, as it is not broadly my invention, I do not claim herein a carriage feeding
mechanism consisting essentially of a feed-arm operated from the printing mechanism
and connected to the carriage by means of gearing, and a switch apparatus operating
to disengage said gearing on the completion by the carriage of its forward stroke,
and to re-engage the same on the completion by the carriage of its return stroke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination in a type-writer having a platen and inking apparatus, of
a revoluble turret, a type shaft provided with a type-wheel and carried on said
turret at a distance from the axis thereof, shaft starting devices substantially as
described, for starting and revolving said shaft, and a repeating mechanism substan-
tially as described for continuing the movement of said shaft through two
revolutions, whereby a particular type is brought first to the inking apparatus and
afterwards to the platen, substantially as described.
2. The combination in a type-writer of the class described, having a revoluble
turret and a twice revolving type-wheel mounted on said turret at a distance from the
axis thereof, of wheel starters and a platen, and an inking apparatus located between
said starters and platen, and at a distance from said platen corresponding to one revolu-
tion of said type-wheel, all substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
3. The combination in a type-writer of the class described, and with the twice-
revolving type-wheel having an orbital movement and having types located on the
periphery thereof at fixed circumferential distances from each other, of a platen,
an inking apparatus situated at the distance in the type-path and from said platen
of one revolution of said wheel, and wheel starters situated at fixed distances apart
in the orbit of the wheels, which orbital distances correspond to said circumferential
distances, whereby a given wheel starter acts to start said wheel, to first ink the
character whose circumferential position on said wheel corresponds to the orbital
position of said wheel-starter, and to then print on said platen the character so
inked, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
4. The combination in a type-writer of the class described, and with the twice-
revolving type-wheel thereof having an orbital movement, of wheel starters, a
platen located (as to the direction of the orbital movement of said wheel) at a
printing-point forward of said starters, an inking apparatus between said starters
and said printing-point and one revolution of said wheel distant from said point, a
paper carriage for supporting and feeding the paper past said point, and carriage-
feeding mechanism located as to the orbital movement of said wheel between said
inking apparatus and printing-point, and operatively connected with said carriage,
and a feed-pin carried with the type-wheel in its orbital movement and adapted to
be thrown by or on the starting of said wheel into position for actuating said feed
mechanism during the passage of said wheel from the inking apparatus to the
printing-point, all substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
5. The combination in a type-writer, and with a revoluble type-wheel mounted
on a revoluble turret at a distance from the axis of said turret, of a paper carriage,
and a feed mechanism consisting of two parts, of which parts the one consists of a
feed-arm having a fixed location in the machine and operatively connected to feed
said carriage, and of which parts the other consists of a reciprocating feed-pin
carried on said turret aud actuated from said type-wheel, the whole being organized
and co-acting to interpose (on the starting revolving of said type-wheel on its own
axis) the said feed-pin in the path of said arm, all substantially as described.
6. The combination in a type-writer, and with a revoluble type-wheel mounted on a
revoluble turret at a distance from the axis of said turret, of a paper carriage, and
a feed mechanism consisting of two parts, of which parts the one consists of a series

page_text: of feed-arms constituting a feed-wheel and having a fixed location in the machine,
said arms being operatively connected to feed said carriage, and of which parts the
other consists of a reciprocating feed-pin carried on said turret and actuated from
said type-wheel, the whole being organized and co-acting to interpose (on the
starting revolving of said type-wheel on its own axis) the said feed-pin in the path
of said arm, all substantially as described.
7. The combination in a type-writer of the class described, and with the paper
carriage and the revoluble turret thereof, of a feed-arm operatively connected to
feed said carriage, and a feed-pin carried on said turret and adapted to have a
sliding movement, whereby it may be interposed in and withdrawn from the path of
said arm, substantially as described.
8. The combination in a type-writer, of a revoluble turret, a paper carriage, a
feed arm operatively connected by gearing substantially as described to feed said
carriage, a feed-pin carried on said turret and actuated from the printing mechanism,
and a switch apparatus substantially as described, that operates to disengage said
gearing on the completion by the carriage of its forward stroke and to re-engage
the same on the completion by said carriage of its return stroke, substantially as and
for the purpose shown.
9. The combination in a type-writer, of a revoluble turret, a reciprocating
carriage, a feed-pin carried on said turret and actuated from the printing mechanism,
an intermittently and forwardly revolving gear receiving its motion from said feed
pin, a laterally moving rack bar on said carriage, and rack switching apparatus
constructed and operating to disengage said rack from said gear on the completion
by the carriage of its forward stroke and to re-engage the same on the completion
by the carriage of its return stroke, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
10. The combination of the reciprocating carriage carrying the laterally movable
rack, the feed-gear, the laterally movable shuttle on said carriage and shifting
devices substantially as described adapted to be operated to move said rack
relatively to said shuttle, all substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
11. The combination in a type-writer and with the revoluble turret thereof, and
with a revoluble type shaft carried on said turret, of means (as shaft starters,
gearing and a stop) for starting, revolving and stopping said type shaft, a recipro-
cating feed-pin carried on said turret, and a cam moving simultaneously with said
type-shaft and which on the starting of said wheel, throws said feed-pin into its
working position, all substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
12. The combination in a type-writer, of a reciprocating carriage having a rocking
movement, a feed gear, a rack on said carriage adapted to mesh with said gear, and
switch apparatus substantially as described operating to disengage said rack gear
on the completion by the carriage of its forward stroke, and to re-engage the same
on the completion by said carriage of its return stroke, all substantially as
described.
13. The combination in a type-writer, of a platen having a normally fixed
position, and adapted to have a reciprocating movement, a reciprocating carriage
for carrying the material to be printed in front of said platen, detachable feed-
gearing substantially as described operating to move forward said carriage, switch
mechanism, substantially as described, operating to disengage said gearing on the
completion by said carriage of its forward stroke, and to re-engage the same on the
completion by said carriage of its return stroke, and connections operating to throw
back said platen on the disengagement of said gearing, and throw forward the same
on the re-engagement of said gearing, all substantially as described and for the
purpose specified.
14. The combination in a type-writer, and with the printing-mechanism and
movable platen thereof, of the reciprocating carriage, and feed-mechanism substan-
tially as described having a feed-wheel located back of the printing point, whereby
the carriage is fed forward and released prior to the printing of the last character
of a line, all substantially as described.

page_text: 15. The combination with the reciprocating carriage and with the rack carried
on said carriage and constructed and arranged to have a lateral movement, of the
platen, and connections actuating said platen from the operation of said rack, all
substantially as described.
16. The combination of the rocking carriage, platen slide, lever, 78, having a
stop, as 81, and connecting said carriage and slide, and means, as adjusting screws,
for adjusting said slide, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
17. The combination with the rocking carriage, of a platen, feed rolls on said
carriage above the platen, and connections from the carriage to the platen operating
to throw back said platen simultaneously with the rocking of the carriage to throw
back said rolls, substantially as described.
18. The combination in a type-writer, and with the carriage thereof, of the
slotted shuttle arm, 130, the crank arm engaging said shuttle arm, and connecting
devices substantially as described for operating said crank arm by hand, all
substantially as described.
19. The combination in a type-writer and with the revoluble turret thereof, of a
revoluble type-shaft, a movable feed-pin, and a cam actuating said feed-pin, said
shaft and feed-pin being arranged to have simultaneous movements, and the whole
being organized and co-acting to project the feed-pin on the starting of said shaft,
all substantially as described.
20. The combination in the latch mechanism of a type-writer, of the reciprocating
latch having the spring hook, 64, the catch, 62, and the rebate, 61, of the key lever
constructed and arranged to unhook the latch and rest in said rebate, all substan-
tially as set forth and for the purpose specified.
21. The combination in the latch mechanism of a type-writer, of the reciprocating
latch having the spring hook, of a key lever having the elastic end, 71, said lever
being situated crosswise to the line of movement of said latch, substantially as shown
and described.
22. The combination with the latch frame, F, having slots for the latches, and
having guide rim, 67, and fulcrum rim, 66, of the latches in said slots, and the key-
levers in slots in said rims, substantially as shown and described.
23. The combination of a shaft, as 5, the sliding sleeve, 23, having cam, 24, and
rim, 28, and lever, 21, substantially as shown and described.
24. The combination with the type-wheel having a guard cam, of the movable
paper guard constructed and arranged to be operated by said cam prior to the
printing act, all substantially as set forth.
Dated this 21st day of October 1890.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.