MILKING APPARATUS
Year: 1885

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I JOHAN ERNST NYROP manufacturer of 43 Store Kjöbmagergade, Copenhagen
MILKING APPARATUS' and
do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The new kind of milking apparatus and machines herein described may be
utilized without distress or inconvenience to the cows. The apparatus or machines
are constructed of the following principal parts: 1) one or two plates preferably
grooved which are placed against the teats of the cow and 2) one or two rollers or
sets of rollers, by means of which the milk is squeezed out from the teats onto the
before mentioned plate or plates, the rollers being led from the lowest part of the
cow's udder to the end of the teats, whilst they are pressed sufficiently inwards
against same. The apparatus and machines may however be varied very much as
regards the form and construction.
The simplest form for an apparatus of this kind is shown in Fig. 1. The plate a
is fastened to a board d which is held by one hand by a handle c in such manner
that the two teats on the same side rest on the plate, whilst a roller b is moved by
the other hand, which roller is mounted in a fork g provided with a handle f
Along the top of the plate a in the board d is inserted a round india rubber
cushion h for softening the pressure which is exerted on the udder by the
roller b. Instead of using an india rubber cushion the whole of the upper part
of the board may be covered with india rubber or other soft yielding material.
If all four teats are to be milked at the same time two plates a are united
together so as to somewhat resemble a slanting ridge of a roof, which is formed
more or less according to the udder, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of which Fig. 2
shows the apparatus in side elevation and Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line A A
Fig. 2. The above named plates a may be moved nearer to or further from each
other by means of a hinge joint according to the different sized udders. The
apparatus may be provided with hanging jointed legs v Fig. 2 by which it is set
up underneath the cow, so that the top of the apparatus closes up against the
udders between the teats, and these latter lie on the two plates a, two on one and
two on the other plate. When the apparatus is set up in this manner the milking
may commence with a roller or a set of rollers in each hand, when both rollers or
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sets of rollers are at the same time led downwards from above whilst they are
pressed sufficiently inwards against the teats. In the before mentioned Figures 2
and 3 however an example is shown of a mechanical motion of the rollers b. These
are for this purpose mounted in spring arms c which are rotatable on pins d, in
two T shaped pieces f each of which at its end of the apparatus is adjustable
lengthways on a rod g on the end wall of the apparatus. The two T pieces are
connected together by a cross piece r and this latter is connected in the middle to
a connecting rod which connects the same with a crank axle mounted on the bottom
of the apparatus but not shown on the drawing. The crank axle is provided with
a handle outside the walls of the apparatus. The milking operation is effected by
merely turning the handle whereby the rollers b are revolved in the curves shown
in broken lines on the drawings and in the direction of the arrows. It should here
be remarked that the T pieces f together with the rollers in the left half of Fig. 3
are supposed to be about to move upwards, whilst those in the right half of the
same Fig. are engaged in descent, but in reality the rollers always work simul-
taneously in the same manner. For attaining the described movements each of the
arms c is in one with another arm or lever i, which at its end is provided with a
friction roller k. The helical springs ; always tend to turn the arms c and i
outwards from the middle of the apparatus. The travel of the turning of the
arms is limited by the stops which take in corresponding slots in the ends of
the Tshaped pieces f. Before the apparatus is set up underneath the cow the
rollers bare brought about into the position shown in the left half of Fig. 3. On
the pieces f moving upwards from this position the friction rollers k will take
against the bent guides or guards during the remainder of the upstroke. When
the rollers have come to the points the swinging plates m which can turn
upwards around the dotted lines n swing upwards by the action of springs under
their upper parts, so that their edges take into recesses in the peripheries of the
friction rollers. When the down stroke takes place this catching between the
swinging plates and the friction rollers keeps on until the lowest corner of the
swinging plates, whereby the rollers b come to run through the paths x²x³ xx³.
Only at the last part of the down stroke 6 will the swinging plate be again free
of the friction rollers and with their lower part clap in towards the end walls of the
apparatus. At the following up stroke of the T pieces the rollers will pass over
the swinging plates, until they again touch the bent guides or guards l.
The milk may be allowed to run down the plates a into gutters p, from which it
runs down into the bowl q on one of the end walls of the apparatus, and from
here to the milk pail through a spout 8.
When the apparatus is provided with mechanical means for mowing the rollers,
it will only be necessary to have one leg with a ball and socket joint and a
handle for the apparatus for guiding and setting up the apparatus under the cow.
It should be remarked, that the means for the mechanical movement of the
rollers b as well as many other details of the apparatus might be varied a great
deal without varying the substance of the invention thereby namely the use of
the plates a and rollers or sets of rollers b.
Another example of an apparatus of the kind described is shown in Fig. 4
Sheet 2, in which the apparatus is shown in side view. As in the foregoing
Figure a is the plate which serves for resting the udders on and b a roller with
which the milking is done. The plate a is here made concave and of india rubber
and is fixed on a spring plate p, which is again fixed to the end of the rod g. As
the plate a is thus feathering or yielding, the arm c which carries the pin around
which the roller b turns, need not be elastic, but stiff. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3
the arm c turns round a pin or screw d on a piece or sleeve f, which can be moved
backwards and forwards on the rod g by one hand by means of the movable
handle y, whilst the apparatus is held fast in the other hand by the handle z.
Contrary to the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the swinging plate m is in
this case on the arm c and the friction roller or notched roller k, on a standard i on
the rod g. The swinging plate m is fixed to the lever c by two lugs n which

page_text: catch in corresponding holes in the lever c and through which the springs 9 are
inserted outside of the lever c, which springs partly serve to hold the lugs n in
their holes in the lever in such manner that the swinging plate nevertheless can
swing on the lugs, and partly for making the lower projection o on the swinging
plate to tend to abut against the arm c. The spring ; constantly tends to hold
the arm c turned up and to come against the stop hook k² as shown on the
drawing.
When the sleeve f travels forward on the rod g in the direction shown by the
arrow to the position shown, the swinging or rocking plate m is pressed against
the side of the notched roller k₁, whilst it passes by it, but as soon as it has come
past the roller k₁, the rocking plate by means of the springs q and projection o
takes such a position that its back comes into the notch in the circumference of
the roller k The forward travel of the roller b is limited in this position by
narrow springs r, which are fastened on to the spring plate 2 and which at the
same time serve to hinder the teats from slipping off to the side of the plate a as
the teats are enclosed on the plate between the springs . When the sleeve ƒ
thereupon is brought back, the notched roller k₁ presses the rocking plate m and
with it the lever c downwards, so that the roller b follows the curve shown in
broken lines in the direction of the arrow, hereby effecting the desired milking
operation, until the back of the rocking plate in its whole length has passed the
notched roller k₁, after which the lever c turns upwards by the action of the
spring j, as further shown by the broken line, until it is stopped by the stop
hook k on the sleeve f. This latter with the roller b is then led forwards again to
the position shown on the drawing by the right hand broken line with the arrow
and then backwards and forwards and so on.
. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. In apparatus and machines for milking cows. the application of one or
two plates which serve to support the teats during milking, and of one or two
rollers or sets of rolls for squeezing out the milk, substantially as described.
Second. The mechanism substantially as herein before described, and as shown in
Figs. 2 and 3 for mechanically moving the rollers in apparatus as firstly claimed,
said mechanism consisting mainly of, a) levers wherein the rollers have their
bearings and which can turn round pins or gudgeons on pieces that can move up
and down, b) pegs or friction rollers connected with the said levers, c) suitable
catches (notches cams) and rocking plates and springs whereby the friction rollers
or pegs are so guided, that the rollers during the up and down stroke of the
aforesaid pieces obtain the motions or actions required for the milking, and,
d) joints or hinges whereby the plates a may be brought more or less apart.
Third. The special construction of apparatus firstly claimed substantially as
described with reference to Fig. 4, such construction being characterized by a
yielding rest for the teats, a lever which carries the roller, can turn on a pin on
a sliding piece and is provided with a spring which tends to keep it up in a
certain position, and with a rocking plate, and lastly with a friction roller or
notched roller which is fixed as regards the rest for the teats.
Dated this tiranty third day of Tune 100%
BREWER & JENSEN,
For the Applicant.