IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING DRAFTS OF AIR INTO ROOMS AND PLACES WHEN THE DOORS AND WIN- DOWS ARE SHUT
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Greenwood, of 10, Arthur Street West,
London Bridge, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING
DRAFTS OF AIR INTO ROOMS AND PLACES WHEN THE DOORS AND WIN-
DOWS ARE SHUT."
Sealed the 5th May 1854, and dated the 17th December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Greenwood
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 17th December 1858.
I, JOHN GREENWOOD, of 10, Arthur Street West, London Bridge,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREVENTING DRAFTS OF AIR INTO ROOMS AND PLACES WHEN THE DOORS AND
WINDOWS ARE SHUT" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of applying strips of vulcanized india-rubber
on the parts against which a door or window closes or comes in contact
with, or such strips of vulcanized india-rubber may be affixed to the
doors or windows, so that when a door or window is closed the strips
of india-rubber will ensure all parts being closed so as to prevent
drafts of air passing.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Greenwood in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th June 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GREENWOOD, of 10, Arthur Street West, London Bridge, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Greenwood, Her special licence
that I, the said John Greenwood, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Greenwood, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREVENTING DRAFTS OF AIR INTO ROOMS AND PLACES WHEN THE DOORS AND
WINDOWS ARE SHUT," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Greenwood, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Greenwood, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of applying strips of vulcanized india-rubber
on the parts against which a door or window closes or comes in contact
with, or such strips of vulcanized india-rubber may be affixed to the
doors or windows, so that when a door or window is closed the strips
of india-rubber will ensure all parts being closed so as to prevent
drafts of air passing.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed
to describe the manner of performing the same.
The object of the Invention is, as above stated, to apply strips of
vulcanized india-rubber either to doors or windows, or to the parts
against which doors or windows come in contact with, and the appli-
cation is such that the strips are fixed at one of their edges, so as to
allow of the other of their edges protruding, and to extend to such an
extent beyond the surfaces in which they are fixed that the protruding
edges may come in contact with the shutting surfaces or against the
surfaces shut against, and be thereby pressed on so as to exclude drafts
of air. The manner of fixing such strips of vulcanized india-rubber
may be greatly varied; I will, however, proceed to give examples of
the best means I am acquainted with for carrying out my Invention;
I do not, however, confine or restrict myself to such examples, so long
s the manner of using strips of vulcanized india-rubber for preventing
drafts of air into rooms and other places is retained.
In carrying out my Invention, I generally prefer to apply and fix
the strips of vulcanized india-rubber to the surfaces shut against;
but I have shewn examples of their application, both to surfaces shut
against by doors and windows, and to surfaces of doors and windows
where they shut against other surfaces.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shews a plan in section of a door post or upright to which
a door is hung, having a vulcanized india-rubber strip applied thereto
according to my Invention; a is the door post or upright, to which
the door bis hinged or hung; c is a strip of india-rubber, which I
prefer to fix in a groove cut to receive it, and I fix the same with
liquid glue, or other modes of fixing the one edge may be resorted to,
taking care that the fixed edge is so embedded or covered on both
sides as to prevent the passage of air. In the edge of the door there
is a groove into which the protruding edge of the strip of vulcanized
india-rubber enters when the door is closed, and the protruding edge
of the strip of india-rubber somewhat exceeds the depth of the groove;
hence when the door is shut the protruding edge of the strip is some-
what compressed. It will be evident that in place of having the strip

page_text: fixed to the door post or upright, the reverse might be the case.
Figure 2 shows two sections of a door, one shows the door partly
open, and the other shows it shut against the opposite jamb or lining.
On the door posts or uprights against which the door shuts, there are
fillets or stops & fixed, against which the door shuts, and such fillets
have each a strip c of vulcanized india-rubber let into and fixed in a
groove at the angle, in such manner as to be bent out of its natural
position by the closing of the door against it. In like manner the
upper part of the door may be closed, and rendered free from drafts of
air; and where a door shuts against a sill, the sill may be similarly
provided with a strip of vulcanized india-rubber. Doors of book and
other cases, whether glazed or not, may with advantage be similarly
fitted with strips of vulcanized india-rubber as shewn at Figure 3, and
the same rendered free from drafts of air; and where double doors
come together one of them may have a bead or fillet with a strip of
india-rubber at the angle, as shewn at Figure 4; and in a like manner
casement windows may be rendered free from drafts. Figure 5 shows
in section parts of ordinary window sashes, where beads or fillets d are
fixed, each having a strip of vulcanized india-rubber applied at the
angles of the beads so as to exclude drafts of air from passing at
the top, bottom, and meeting rails when the window is shut.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the details herein described; but what I claim is, the
application of strips of vulcanized india-rubber, as herein explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Greenwood, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GEOR. PITT,
4, Old Square.
JOHN GREENWOOD. (L.S.)