Improvements in Brushes
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr, 1895-Accepted 22nd June, 1895
I
Improvements in Brushes
WILI IAM
FREDERICK /IEHLFR, of 2343 Montrose Street, City of
Philadelphin, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Polisher, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the ame is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
My invention relates to certain improvements in that class of brushes used for
polishing metal surfaces etc, although it is also applicable to brushes of various
types used for other purposes The object of my invention is to provide a brush
of the "cup" type in which the bristles may be adjusted to a greater or less
distance from the stock or handle in which they are held either to increase or
decrease the resiliency of the brush or to compensate for wear, as the bristles,
through constant use, become shorter, as more fully set forth hereinafter
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation on the line 1-1 Figure 2 of a
polishing brush constructed in accordance with my invention
Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view of the same on the line 2-2 Figure 1, the
bristles being absent
Figure 3 is a similar view illustrating a modification,
Figure 4 1S a longitudinal sectional elevation, illustrating some further
modifications of the invention,
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a number of bunches of bristles tied together
in readiness to be placed in position in the stock or handle and
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate different methods of holding the bunches of bristles in
ring form when in the stock or handle
In carrying out my invention I bunch the bristles in their full length, only
cutting sufficient of the softer ends to ensure uniformity in length, and then bind a
series of bunches together by uniting them near their softer ends by a stitching of
wire, or cord, a, as shown in Figure 5, enough bunches being bound together in
this manner to form a single brush
For convenience in handling or in transporting I may bind the lower ends of the
bunches of bristles together by a cord b, which may be slipped off before the bristles
are placed in the stock
The stock A is cylindrical in form and is provided with a deep annular groove c,
concentric with the periphery of the stock, while the outer end of the lattei
projects for some distance in the form of a tapered flange D, having its inner
surface smooth, or as shown in Figure 3, provided with a series of longitudinal
grooves d
The central tongue A' of the stock terminates at some little distance from the
extreme end of the latter and to it a cap piece E is adapted to be secured by means
of a screw e
The stock as shown in Figure 4 may be made in two pieces comprising the
central or tongue portion A', and an outer metallic sleeve or rings A² the outer
flange in this case being designated by the letter D'
The cap E Fig 1 has a tapered periphery, inclined at an angle corresponding to
that of the flange D of the stock, and at its inner end has an annular flange e¹,
adapted to fit over the end of the tongue A¹
The outer peripheral surface of the cap E has a series of longitudinal grooves e
and these with the grooves d serve to hold the various bunches of bristles in proper

page_text: position, or in the construction shown in Figures 1 and 2, the grooves e² are made
somewhat deeper and the grooves d may then be dispensed with
In use a series of bunches of bristles, corresponding in number to the grouses e²
and preferably tied together as in Figure 5, are placed in position in the groove c
the cap E having been previously removed The cap is then forced into position,
spreading the outer ends of the bristles and forcing the vuous bunches to assume
their proper positions in the grooves, the further turning of the screw e will then
firmly clamp the bristles in position against the flange D and the brush is ready
for use
Ordinarily the stock is held on a lathe spindle S, but it may be otherwise mounted
and rotated.
After being in use for a short time the exposed ends of the bristles wear away,
and the brush becomes too short for work, the screw e is then loosened, the bristles
drawn out to the required length and the screw again tightened to hold them in
position
By this means the bristles may be adjusted from time to time, and be adjusted
either into or out of the stock according to the resiliency required, and the bristles
may be used for almost their entire length, the only portion wasted being the softer
inner ends, which are of little or no use for polishing purposes
If desired the various bunches of bistles may each be provided with a projecting
ring has shown in Figure 6, and these rings may be all strung upon a heavier
ring H, which may be inserted in the groove c or as shown in Figure 7, a headed
pin may be employed which may be placed one in each of a series of radial
slots in a metallic ring I These devices may be used to advantage when the
bunches are made up in large quantities and are afterwards secured to the rings to
be placed in the stock
In Figure 4 I have illustrated a modified construction in which the stock is the
same as shown in Figure 1, save that it is made in two separate pieces
The cap
piece in this case is made up, of an outer plate E', having its periphery grooved to
receive the bristles, while the body portion E is formed of rubber or similar
yielding material which when the sciew e is forced in, will be so compressed
between the tongue A¹ and the plate E', that it will expand laterally and force the
bistles into engagement with the grooves d, in the flange D', the latter in this
construction being preferably grooved as is the flange D in Figure 3
In lieu of pulling the bristles outwardly when adjusting, various mechanical
means may be employed, as for instance, a ring L may be placed back of the
bristles and be manipulated by radial pins projecting through longitudinal grooves
in the stock, as shown in Figure 1
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the raid inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what [
claim is,
1 A brush comprising a stock having an annular groove therein bristles
adjustably disposed in a circular line in said groove and means for locking said
bristles in position
2 A brush comprising a stock having an annular groove therein a series of
bunches of bristles tied together near their inner ends in a continuous circular line
and adapted to said groove and a locking cap adapted to spread the bunches of
bristles and to lock said bristles in position
3 The combination in a brush of a flanged stock having an annular groove a
series of bunches of bristles in said groove a locking cap between which and the
flange of the stock the bristles are held and means for ughtening and loosening
said cap
4 The combination in a biush of a stock having an annular groove therein
tapered flange on said stock a locking cap having a grooved periphery and a series
of bunches of bristles confined between the cap and the tapered flange of the stock.
5 The combination in a brush of the stock A having an annular groove c and a

page_text: central tongue A¹ a tapered flange D on the outer end of said stock a cap E having
an inclined periphery a screw e passing through said cap into the tongue A¹ and
bristles confined between the tapered flange D and the periphery of the cap E
sub-tantially as described
6 The combination in a brush of the stock A having an annular groove c and a
central tongue A' a tapered flange D on the outer end of said stock a cap E having
a tapered periphery provided with longitudinal grooves e' a screw e passing through
said cap into the tongue A¹ and a series of bunches of bristles adapted to the
grooves e² and confined in said grooves by the tapered flange D substantially as
described
7 The combination of the stock having an annular groove therein bristles adapted
to said groove locking devices for said bristles and an adjustable ring situated in said
groove and adapted to act against the ends of the bristles to adjust the same
longitudinally substantially as described
D
C A_11005
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant