CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SEPARATION OF IMPURITIES FROM THE WATER EMPLOYED IN STEAM BOILERS, AND ALSO FOR EFFECTING THE CIRCULATION OF THE SAID WATER
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to. James Braddock, of Droylesden, in the County of.
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SEPARATION OF IMPURITIES
FROM THE WATER EMPLOYED IN STEAM BOILERS, AND ALSO FOR EFFECTING THE
CIRCULATION OF THE SAID WATER."
Sealed the 2nd June 1863, and dated the 4th December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Braddock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th December 1862.
I, JAMES BRADDOCK, of Droylesden, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SEPARATION OF IMPURITIES FROM
THE WATER EMPLOYED IN STEAM BOILERS, AND ALSO FOR EFFECTING THE CIRCULATION
OF THE SAID WATER," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the cleansing of water employed in steam boilers
and in separating the floating particles, impurities, or extraneous matters
therefrom by allowing the said impure matter to subside or fall to the bottom
of a chamber within the boiler, where it can deposit in the. form of sediment
without being disturbed by the motion caused by ebullition. The improvement
consists in the application of the steam in the boiler to raise the water from
the bottom of the boiler to the said chamber, situated partly or entirely above
the water line. The machinery for effecting this object consists in an archi-

page_text: medean screw (having any number of blades) fixed upon a central shaft,
against which the steam, in its passage to the dome of the boiler, acts in such
a manner as to cause its revolution; this imparts a rotatory motion to a second
and increased length of screw enclosed in a cylinder which communicates with
pipes at or near the bottom of the boiler. Thus the revolution of the screws
causes the water to be raised from the bottom of the boiler into the cylinder,
whence it passes into an undisturbed chamber, where its impurities are depo-
sited, and from whence it overflows into the boiler, which also effects an
improvement in the circulation of the water. I would remark, that this may
be applied to the deposition of salt in sea water, and also that in boilers
were "domes" are not used an arrangement is made to create a current of
steam.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Braddock in the Great Seal Patent Office. on the
4th June 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BRADDOCK, of Droylesden, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Braddock, Her special license that I, the said James
Braddock, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said James Braddock, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree, with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE
SEPARATION OF IMPURITIES FROM THE WATER EMPLOYED IN STEAM BOILERS, AND
ALSO FOR EFFECTING THE CIRCULATION OF THE SAID WATER," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Braddock, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,

page_text: and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Braddock, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):
:-
The Invention relates to the cleansing of water employed in steam boilers,.
and in separating the floating particles, impurities, or extraneous matters
therefrom by allowing the said impure matter to subside or fall to the bottom
of a chamber within the boiler, where it can deposit in the form of sediment
without being disturbed by the motion caused by ebullition. The improvement
consists in the application of the steam in the boiler to raise the water from
the bottom of the boiler to the said chamber, situated partly or entirely above
the water line. The machinery for effecting this object consists in an archi--
medean screw (having any number of blades) fixed upon a central shaft,
against which the steam, in its passage to the dome of the boiler, acts in such
a manner as to cause its revolution; this imparts a rotary motion to a second
and increased length of screw enclosed in a cylinder which communicates with
pipes at or near the bottom of the boiler. Thus the revolution of the screw
causes the water, to be raised from the bottom of the boiler into the cylinder,
whence it passes into an undisturbed chamber, where its impurities: are depo-
sited, and from whence it overflows into the boiler, which also effects an
improvement in the circulation of the water. I would remark that this may
be applied to the deposition of salt in sea water, and also that in. boilers
where "domes" are not used an arrangement is made to create a current of
steam.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about one inch to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked upon
corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a boiler shewing the apparatus for
cleansing and circulating the water, exhibiting the pipes for collecting the
water and settled impurities from the lowest interior surface of the boiler, and
also vane and screw for raising the same into the tank. Fig. 2 is an end
sectional view of the same taken through the line A, B.
In Fig. 1 a, a, is the boiler, and b, b, the main and branch pipes or tubes
extending along the lowest interior surface, their openings to receive the water
and sediment being nearly close to the bottom. The pipe c extends upwards.

page_text: to supply the tank or cistern d with the water and sediment, the upper portion
of such pipe terminating in a cylinder e (shewn in section), within which an
archimedean screw f is caused to revolve by the yane 9 on the said screw shaft
the steam rising rapidly into the dome through the aperture beneath (over
which the vane is situated) acting upon the blades of such vane and produces
the lifting power. The scum on the surface of the water passes over the edge
of the tank by ebullition and there is retained, the plate or guard i preventing
any disturbance of the water in the tank. It will be seen that by the means
described the water and sediment is raised from the lowest parts of the boiler
and discharged into the tank, where it is free from the motion caused by
ebullition, and in which the heavier and impure particles subside to the
bottom, allowing the water to overflow the cistern and return to the boiler in
a cleansed state. When the tank has become filled or partially so with the
dirt and sediment the tap h is turned and the pressure of steam within the
boiler causes its discharge through the pipe k. I would remark that the force
of the steam in the boiler may be applied to other arrangements of apparatus
for raising the impure water from the lowest interior surface of the boiler into
a receptacle where it may be deposited.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion,
that I claim, the application and use of the steam within the boiler to raising
the water into a tank by means of an archimedean screw or other equivalent;
and, secondly, I claim the novel employment and use of the tank or recep-
tacle within the boiler wherein the sediment may be deposited, and the general
combination of the whole to effect the cleansing and circulation of the water
in steam boilers, as herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in
the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Braddock, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JAMES BRADDOCK. (L.S.)