A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS WOD THE HEATING AND COOLING OF FINING
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Cantrell Gibbs, of 23, Rood Lane, in the City of
London, Engineer, for an Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS
WOD THE HEATING AND COOLING OF FINING"
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Cantrell Gibbs at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1881.
GEORGE CANTRELL GIBBS, of 23, Rood Lane, in the City of London, Engineer.
"A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE HEATING AND COOLING OF
FLUIDS."
My Invention is designed to effect in an economical and efficient manner the
expeditious heating or cooling of fluids, whether liquid or gaseous, for domestic,
chemical, or other purposes; and I effect this end by my apparatus which subject
the fluid to be acted upon in a thin sheet to a large superficial area of heating or
cooling surface within a small space.
My apparatus consists of a lengthened chamber in the form of a spiral coil, and
the section of the said chamber is shallow in the direction of its length but of
considerable depth across it. The walls of this chamber are either plain or
corrugated. The chamber has apertures at the extremity of the outermost curve
and at the extremity of the innermost curve of the coil.
This the most simple form of my apparatus is particularly adapted for the
heating of liquids, more especially water for domestic purposes. The liquid is
filled into the chamber at one of the apertures, and after travelling through the
extent of the coil is drawn from the aperture at the other extremity. The heat is
conveniently applied to the walls of the chamber by means of jets of gas or a
current of heated air made to pass either around the spiral coil or upwards
through it. In the former case I may use the plain walls, in the latter case
the corrugated walls.
For some purposes I close the sides of the coiled chamber and also the inter-
vening space, so as to form two parallel spirally coiled chambers with apertures

page_text: at their outermost and innermost extremities. The heating fluid is made to pass
through one of these chambers, and to raise the temperature of a fluid passing
The cooling fluid may
through the chamber in parallel coil with it, or vice versa.
be made to pass through one of the chambers to lower the temperature of a fluid
passing through the chamber in parallel coil with it.
The two chambers may be of different thicknesses of section, so as to facilitate
the use of my apparatus in the heating or cooling of gaseous fluids, or to allow
of a cooling material being placed in the one chamber in place of a cooling fluid
being made to pass through it.
Further, I may enclose the closed coil in a chamber to be filled with cooling
material, packed in between the space in the coil of the chamber.
My apparatus in use may be upon any convenient form of support or stand.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said George Cantrell Gibbs in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th September 1881.
GEORGE CANTRELL GIBBS, of 23, Rood Lane, in the City of London, Engineer.
"A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE HEATING AND COOLING OF
FLUIDS."
My Invention is designed to effect in an economical and efficient manner the
expeditious heating or cooling of fluids, whether liquid or gaseous, for domestic,
chemical, or other purposes; and I effect this end by my apparatus, which subjects
the fluid to be acted upon in a thin sheet to a large superficial area of heating or
cooling surface within a small space.
My apparatus consists of a lengthened chamber in the form of a spiral coil, and
the section of the said chamber is shallow in the direction of its length but of
considerable depth across it. The walls of this chamber are either plain or
corrugated. The chamber has apertures at the extremity of the outermost curve
and at the extremity of the innermost curve of the coil.
This, the most simple form of my apparatus, is particularly adapted for the
heating of liquids, more especially water for domestic purposes. The liquid is
filled into the chamber at one of the apertures, and after travelling through the
extent of the coil is drawn from the aperture at the other extremity. The heat is
conveniently applied to the walls of the chamber by means of jets of gas, or a
current of heated air made to pass either around the spiral coil or upwards through
it. In the former case I may use the plain walls, in the latter case the corrugated
walls.
For some purposes I close the sides of the coiled chamber and also the inter-
vening space, so as to form two parallel spirally coiled chambers with apertures at
their outermost and innermost extremities. The heating fluid is made to pass
through one of these chambers, and to raise the temperature of a fluid passing
through the chamber in parallel coil with it, or vice versa; cooling fluid may be
made to pass through one of the chambers to lower the temperature of a fluid
passing through the chamber in parallel coil with it.
The two chambers may be of different thicknesses of section, so as to facilitate
the use of my apparatus in the heating or cooling of gaseous fluids, or to allow of
a cooling material being placed in the one chamber in place of a cooling fluid being
made to pass through it.
Further, I may enclose the closed coil in a chamber to be filled with cooling
material, packed in between the space in the coil of the chamber.
My apparatus in use may be upon any convenient form of support or stand.
Figure 1 represents a section of the heater with a cistern a. The water from
the cistern flows down the pipe b into the coil c, and after passing around the coil
is discharged through the tap d; the coil is heated by gas, oil lamps, or other
fuel. Figure 2 is a front elevation of the case; Figure 3 is a part section of
a cooler, the ends of which are enclosed by plates. of any suitable material,
and held in position by bolts or other convenient means; Figure 4 shows the
plan of the coil; Figure 5 is the plan of the corrugated coil; Figure 6 is plan of
the cooler.
Having now described my Invention I would have it understood that I claim,
'

page_text: the peculiar form and construction of apparatus for the heating and cooling of
fluids, substantially as herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Cantrell Gibbs, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
GEORGE CANTRELL GIBBS. (L.S.)