IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Leadbetter, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Brazier, and William Wight, of the same Place, Plumber, and Thomas.
Davis, of the same Place, Auctioneer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Leadbetter, William
Wight, and Thomas Davis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 8th June 1854.
We, JAMES LEADBETTER, of Halifax, in the County of York, Brazier, and
WILLIAM WIGHT, of the same Place, Plumber, and TпомAS DAVIS, of the
same Place, Auctioneer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER
FLUIDS" to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in the use of two pistons or buckets. working
within a cylinder, the one being caused to move at a quicker speed than the
other, so as to advance towards it and transfer the fluid thereto; an arrange-
ment we adopt is as follows:-
A lower piston or bucket is provided with a lifting rod which passes through.
a tube constituting the rod of the upper piston or bucket. These two rods are

page_text: connected at top to a series of levers or to pullies, so arranged as to cause them
to move upward and downward at different speeds. At the commencement of
the upward stroke, the buckets will be at the greatest distance apart, and as
the lower one moves faster, and advances towards the upper, it will raise the
fluid through the valves of the latter and discharge it from the barrel; at the
downward stroke, the pistons will recede from each other, and the column of
water or other fluid will press upon the surface of the upper bucket.
We
employ two sets of apparatus, above described, worked from one lever, by which
means the columns of fluid above the buckets effect a counterbalance.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Leadbetter, William Wight, and Thomas Davis, in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th December 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
LEADBETTER, of IIalifax, in the County of York, Brazier, and WILLIAM WIGHT,
of the same Place, Plumber, and THOMAS DAVIS, of the same Place, Auctioneer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Iler reign, did, for Herself, Her
heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said James Leadbetter,
William Wight, and Thomas Davis, Her special license that we, the said
James Leadbetter, William Wight, and Thomas Davis, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Lead-
better, William Wight, and Thomas Davis, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER
AND OTHER FLUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James
Leadbetter, William Wight, and Thomas Davis, by an instrument in writing
inder our hands and seals, (or under the hand and seal of one of us,) should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Wight, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
Our improvements consist in the use of two pistons or buckets working
within a cylinder, the one being caused to move at a quicker speed than the
other, so as to advance towards it and transfer the fluid thereto; mechanical
means for carrying out this principle may be varied to a considerable extent,
and the form of pump will of course be varied according to the purpose for
which it is intended; we have, however, to this our Specification appended
a Sheet of Drawings, shewing two methods by which the Invention may be
carried out, and which we will now proceed to describe.
About
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a double pump arranged according to our
Invention. The barrels of the pump a, a*, of any suitable material, are pro-
vided at top with a chamber c, from which the fluid is discharged by an orifice
d; in these barrels are pistons e, ex, provided with ordinary valves and with
rods g, g*, which rods pass upwards and are connected at their ends to jointed
links h, h*, the outward ends thereof being jointed to other links i, i*, the ful-
crums of which are fixed pins carried by the sides of the chamber c.
half way between the centres of the links i, i*, are jointed other pairs of links
j,j, the extremities thereof being connected to the upper ends of tubes k, k*,
to the lower ends of which are attached the second pistons and valves 1,1*. To
the centre pin of the links h, h*, are adapted chains m, m*, the ends of which
are fastened to segmental pieces n, n*, struck from the centre of a lever o.
The parts being in the position shown in the Drawing, the operation will be as
follows:-
Upon vibratory motion being communicated to the lever o in the direction
of the arrows, the pistons ?, e, will both ascend, but as the one is acted upon
direct, and the other through the intervention of the links i, the piston e will
advance at a greater speed, and the clused valves thereof will discharge the
fluid through the valves 1, and raise it into the chamber c, from whence it will
flow through the orifice d, into any desired receptacle; during this operation
the descent of the other end of the lever will cause the two pistons 1*, e*, to
move downward, but owing to the same arrangement of levers to separate from
cach other, so as to arrive at the end of the stroke into positions corresponding
to those of the other pump, as shown in the Drawing, during which descent
the valves will close, and bear the column of water above them as a counter-
balance, and after this manner the fluid is alternately raised by each pump, and
alternately acts as a counterbalance. Fig. 2 represents a modification of our

page_text: Invention, and as applied to a single pump. In this instance the rod g for
the lower bucket is connected to the joint of links h, the outward ends of which
are provided with rollers p, running upon fixed inclined planes q, the centres of
which rollers carry other links j, jointed to a boss r, to which are affixed rods
k, carrying at the lower ends the top bucket. The segmental pieco n will, as
before, communicate the full amount of motion to the rod g, but owing to the
expansion and contraction of the links h, as the rollers move along the
inclined planes q, a smaller amount will be imparted to the rods k, and top
bucket, by which the effect, before described, will be accomplished. In this
instance there is not the column of water in a second pump to act as a counter-
balance; we therefore adapt a weight s, for that purpose, to the lever by which
the power is applied. In some cases it will be desirable to retain the water
in the pumps, in order to avoid the necessity of fetching it up at every time of
commencing work; this may be effectually accomplished by admitting the
fluid to the barrels through a valve, as shewn in Fig. 3, in which the two
barrels a, a, are connected together by a pipe b, provided with a central valve d,
capable of being opened by a rod c, when water is to be raised and closed
thereby, when the pumping is finished. For single pumps the same object
may be accomplished by adapting to the barrel a ring of india-rubber or
other suitable material, and upon which tho bottom piston rests, as shewn by
red lines in Fig. 1.
Having thus described and ascertained the naturo of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be under-
stood that we claim, as secured to us under the above in part recited Letters
Patent, the adaptation of two pistons or buckets working within a cylinder,
the one being caused to move at a quicker speed than the other, so as to
advance towards it.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Wight, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
WILLIAM WIGHT.
(L.S.)