AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS, AND THE EMPLOYMENT THEREOF FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS, AND THE
EMPLOYMENT THEREOF FOR HEATING PURPOSES."-A communication from
abroad by Alexandre Schpakofsky and Nicolas Stange, of St. Petersburg,
Russia.
Sealed the 22nd December 1865, and dated the 27th June 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 27th June 1865.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID HYDRO-
CARBONS, AND THE EMPLOYMENT THEREOF FOR HEATING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in burning liquid hydrocarbons, such as essence of
turpentine, petroleum, spirits of wine, and others in the state of spray formed.
by and mixed with a blast of air. The Invention also consists of apparatus.
constructed as about to be described in which the liquid is formed into spray;
burnt and applied for heating purposes.

page_text: The apparatus consists of a vessel to which the liquid is supplied, the inlet
orifice being kept closed by a stopper. On the top of this vessel a cylindrical
chamber is fitted, an opening in the side of which is in communication by a
pipe with a blast or blowing apparatus or reservoir of compressed air. This
chamber is closed at top except to a small opening or pipe through which
the air driven by the blowing apparatus issues. Above this opening is the
outer end of a horizontal pipe which communicates with another pipe leading
down into the liquid. The passage or channel of the last-named pipe may be
regulated as required by a cock or otherwise, and its lower end may be.
covered by wire or netting to prevent impurities entering it with the liquid.
Above the cylindrical chamber and supported by uprights therefrom is a
chamber in which the combustion is effected, a space is left between the two
chambers to allow the air to circulate freely.
Working of the apparatus.-The blast of air passing through the opening
in the top of the cylindrical chamber causes the liquid in the vessel to rise.
through the pipe with which the horizontal pipe communicates, and to issue at
the end of the horizontal pipe, where meeting the blast of air it becomes
mixed therewith, and is forced in the state of spray into the combustion
chamber. When the mixture has been once lighted it continues to burn as
long as the blast is kept up and the spray is supplied. The liquid vessel may
be formed separate from the rest of the apparatus, and the combustion
chamber may be made free to turn on a horizontal axis to give an inclined
direction to the flame.
I prefer to produce the current of air for employment as before described
by one of the two following apparatus:-The first is composed of a case or
reservoir in which a blowing pump or cylinder is fitted, and which is in
communication by a pipe with the apparatus before described. A piston
worked by a pedal, or otherwise, is fitted in the cylinder, and is furnished
with a valve opening with the ascent of the piston, a spring raises the piston
after having been forced down by the pedal. A valve opening outwards is
fitted in the lower part of the cylinder. As the piston rises air enters the
cylinder through the valve in the piston, and when the piston is forced down
this valve closes, and the cylinder valve opens to allow the air to escape. into
the reservoir and thence to the combustion chamber.
The second blowing apparatus is of double action, a case or reservoir is
divided into two parts by a partition, below which are two rings to which the
edges of supple leather washers lined with india-rubber are secured. There
are two pistons each formed of two bent metal washers holding the leather
by their edges; the centre of the pistons is furnished with a drawing or

page_text: sucking valve. Opposite the centre of each piston. the partition is furnished
with a valve to allow air to enter the case. The play of the pistons is
produced on one side to force air into the case by means of a lever moving
on a horizontal axis, and each end of which bears against one of the drawing
or sucking valves, and on the other side to absorb or draw air by means of a.
spring which forces out the piston.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD.
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent.
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters-
Patent, bearing date. the Twenty-seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special lieence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my, executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS
FOR BURNING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS, AND THE EMPLOYMENT THEREOF FOR HEATING
PURPOSES," (communicated to me from abroad by Alexandre Schpakofsky and
Nicolas Stange, of St. Petersburg, Russia), upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters.,
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
་
This Invention consists in burning liquid hydrocarbons, such as essence of
turpentine, petroleum, spirits of wine, and others, in the state of spray formed
by and mixed with a blast of air. The Invention also consists of apparatus
constructed as about to be described in which the liquid is formed into spray,
burnt and applied for heating purposes.
The apparatus consists of a vessel to which the liquid is supplied, the inlet.
orifice being kept closed by a stopper. On the top of this vessel a cylindrical
chamber is fitted, an opening in the side of which is in communication by a
pipe with a blast or blowing apparatus or reservoir of compressed air. This
chamber is closed at top except to a small opening or pipe through which the
air driven by the blowing apparatus issues. Above this opening is the outer
end of a horizontal pipe which communicates with another pipe leading down
into the liquid. The passage or channel of the last-named pipe may be
regulated as required by a cock or otherwise, and its lower end may be covered
by wire or netting to prevent impurities entering it with the liquid. Above
the cylindrical chamber and supported by uprights therefrom is a chamber -
in which the combustion is effected, a space is left between the two chambers
to allow the air to circulate freely.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section of an apparatus
constructed as just described. a, b, c, d, is a vessel to which the liquid is
supplied through an inlet orifice kept closed by a stopper w. Above the
vessel a, b, c, d, is a chamber e, f, g, h, an opening in the side of which is in
communication by a pipe k, with a blast or blowing apparatus or reservoir
of compressed air. This chamber is closed at top except to a small opening 2,
through which air driven by the blowing apparatus issues; n is a horizontal
pipe the outer end of which is above the opening 1, its inner end communicates
with a pipe m, v, leading down into the liquid; X is a 'screw fitted into the
side of the pipe m, v, by which its channel or passage may be regulated as
required, the lower end of this pipe may be covered by wire or netting as
before mentioned; q, r, s, t, is a combustion chamber above the chamber e, f, g, h,
supported by uprights o, p, carried by a flange on a collar g, h, screwed to
the chamber e, f, g, h. A space is left between these two chambers to allow
the air to circulate freely.
Working of the apparatus.-The blast of air passing through the opening 1,
in the top of the chamber e, f, g, h, causes the liquid in the vessel a, b, c, d, to
rise through the pipe m, v, and to issue at the outer end of the horizontal pipe n,

page_text: where meeting the blast of air it becomes mixed therewith and is forced int
the state of spray into the combustion chamber q, r, s, t. When the mixture
has been once lighted it continues to burn as long as the blast is kept up and
the spray is supplied. It wa
The liquid vessel may be formed separate from the rest of the apparatus
as represented at R; Figure 2, in this Figure the apparatus is shewn with a
trivet or holder on the top of the combustion chamber to support the objects
which are to be submitted to the action of the flamer is a cock for regulating
the flow of the liquid. Sometimes I make the combustion chamber free to
turn on a horizontal axis as represented at o, c, Figure 3, to give an inclined
direction to the flame. :
".
. "
I prefer to produce the current of air for employment as before described
by one of the two following apparatus: The first.is represented in section in
Figure 4, it is composed of a case or reservoir a, b, c, d, in which a blowing
pump or cylinder e, f, g, h, is fitted, and which is in communication by a
pipe t with the apparatus before described. A piston k worked by a pedal p or
otherwise is fitted in, the, cylinder, and is furnished, with a valve opening
with the ascent of the piston, a spring. r raises the piston after having been
forced down by the pedal. A valvej opening outwards is fitted in the lower
part of the cylinder. As the piston k rises air enters the cylinder e, f, g, h,
through the valve i in the piston, and when the piston is forced down this
valve closes, and the valve j, opens to allow the air to escape into the
reservoir a, b, c, d, and thence by the pipe t to the combustion chamber.
The second blowing apparatus is represented in Figure 5, and is of double
action. A case or reservoir a, b, c, d, is divided into two parts by a
partition e, f, g, below which are two rings to which the edges of supple
leather washers m, m², lined with india-rubber are secured. There are two
pistons p and r, each formed of two bent metal washers holding the leather
by their edges; the centre of each piston is furnished with a drawing or
sucking valve opposite the centre of each piston; the partition e, f, g, is
furnished with a valves and s¹ to allow air to enter the case.
pistons is produced on one side to force air into the case
lever n, o, n³, moving on a horizontal axis o, and each end
against one of the drawing or sucking valves k, and on the other side to
absorb or draw air by means of a spring v, which forces out the piston. The
lever n, o, n', is worked by a rod 9 moved by hand or otherwise, pulleys n, n³,
are fitted at the end of the lever to diminish the friction.
The play of the
by means of a
of which bears
The following are some of the uses to which this Invention may be
applied. To melt and solder metals, glass, enamels, and other substances

page_text: in chemical and metallurgical operations, to quickly heat water, and as a
portable cooking apparatus for cooking food and for other domestic purposes,
for the superficial carbonization of wood, and to heat steam boilers.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what.
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First, burning liquid hydrocarbons in the state of spray formed by and
mixed with a blast of air, substantially as herein-before described.
Second, constructing apparatus substantially as herein-before described,,
and represented in the accompanying Drawings, in and by which the liquid.
hydrocarbons are formed into spray burnt and applied for heating purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
K. A. BRUUMAN. (L.S.)