AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR NAILING HEELS TO BOOTS AND SHOES, AND TRIMMING THE EDGES THEREOF
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon
& Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR NAILING HEELS TO BOOTS AND
SHOES, AND TRIMMING THE EDGES THEREOF."-A communication from
abroad by James Wilson Brooks, of Boston, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
Sealed the 21st February 1873, and dated the 14th September 1872.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Morgan-Brown
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 14th September 1872, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
5 TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
•
and Parent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue
Gaillon, Paris, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for “AN IMPROVED
MACHINE FOR NAILING HEELS TO BOOTS AND SHOES, AND TRIMMING THE EDGES
THEREOF," and have petitioned Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Vic-
toria to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her
Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration
that it has been communicated to me from abroad by James Wilson
Brooks, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain novel devices, arrangements, and 1
combinations of parts by which a heel blank made up of lifts of leather
preferably or of other suitable material, and preferably first pierced
with holes to receive and guide nails, is nailed and compressed upon the
licel seat of a sole of a boot or shoe, and then has its curvilinear outline
shaved to the desired form.
]
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a side elevation of the machine;
Figure 2 is a front elevation of it; Figure 3 is a reversed plan of what
is seen beyond the plane of the line, z, of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a plan
of what is seen below the plane of the line z, z, of Figure 1; Figure 5 is
a vertical central section taken in the plane of the line y, y, of Figure 4; 2
Figure 6 is a vertical central section taken through the devices which
adjust the counter protector.
In these Figures a denotes a bed plate intended to be supported and
guided by the frame of the machine so that it may be raised and lowered
from beneath by a toggle joint, in which bed plate are cut guide grooves, 2
seen in Figure 4, into which grooves project two pins or rolls b, b, from
a stud c fixed to the compound carriage which sustains and carries the
cutter & secured to the bed plate a so as to stand above it. The distance
of the thickness of lever e is a plate fapproximating in plan to the plan
of a heel, said plate having a sleeve integral therewith and resting 3
with a shoulder on the bed plate a and passing through it to the other
side of the bed plate, where it is secured by a nut. Above plate fis a
block which has a stem i passing down through sleeve g, block h
being kept by a spring acting through stem i always above the plate f,
except at times when pressure from below exerted against a heel forces 3
block h toward plate f, said block and plate being kept from turning
relatively to cach other by a guide pin fixed in the plate f, over which
pin the block slides. On the top of block / are fitted interchangeable
plates, one being shown atj; these plates ; are made of different sizes

page_text: within reasonable limits, and control the size of the tread portion of the
heels to be formed because the knife bears at one end and is guided
against the outline of the piece j, which may be in position on block h.
The block hand the tops j thereof are drilled around their convex
outlines with straight parallel holes at such distances apart as are desired
for the insertion of nails at the tread of a heel, and steel wires / with
ends square to their axes are dropt in said holes resting freely on
plate f; said wires are to be made of lengths to suit circumstances, as
will be explained beyond. But it will now be seen that if block / is
sustained above plate fat some distance from it, the holes in which the
nail drivers k work may each receive above each driver a nail, head
down and point up, so that if a heel (especially if previously pierced
with holes to receive nails) is firmly held over the block the nails
therein must by the resistance of the drivers / when plate fis forced
toward block / be forced out of the block into the heel.
The top of the block h itself forms the smallest guide which the tread
cutting end of the knife d can have, and the changeable tops; increase
from that size. When it is intended to have the nail ends shew flush
with the surface of the tread lift on the heel the drivers & must be made
of such length that their upper ends come flush with the upper surface
of block / or the upper surface of j, when the upper surface of plate ƒ
and the lower surface of block h are brought into contact by the force
which drives the nails into the heel.
The shoe to which a heel is to be nailed is placed upon a kind of last
seen in Figure 1, which is best made of metal, the only part of which
that needs to fit the shoe is the heel surface 1, against which the nail
points clinch. Over this part in the leg portion of the last two socket
holes are made which slide upon two pins m, m, the shoulders of which
come against the upper end of the leg part n of the last. The toe part
of the last is arranged as a slide which is forced outward by a spring
contained in the heel part, so that one last will answer for several
lengths of shoes, the parts of the last being kept from accidental dis-
memberment by check pins working in suitable slots. The pins m are
fixed in a slide o, which is fitted so as to be moved in ways p which are
attached to a large adjusting screw not shewn, and having its axis about
in line with the axis of the sleeve g.
The ways p are so connected to the adjusting screw that they may be
wihmated alishtle hath wastinalle and horizontally to aid in the pronew

page_text: adjusting shoes which are “rights and lefts so as to throw the toe of a
shoe a little to the right or left of the centre line. This side vibration
of the ways p does not need to be of great extent and may be determined
by adjustable stops attached to the frame of the machine, but not shewn
in the Drawings, against one or the other of which the one side or the
other of the ways p is brought according as the shoe is right or left, or
the operator may swing the ways p to either side without the stops as
far as he judges necessary.
In placing a shoe upon or in removing it from the last holding pins
the slide is drawn forward to give ample room to the operator, and when
properly placed on the pins the slide and the shoe with it is pushed back
so as to bring the heel seat over the nailing apparatus. As the heelless
shoe on the last is forced back to the position in which it is to be
supplied with a heel it is driven upon a thin rim of metal which enters
the crease between the upper and the rear part of the sole, said rim
forming a fender to keep the knife from roughening and cutting the
upper as it is drawn around the heel. This rim is marked 7 in the
Drawings, and is itself jointed at so as to expand to let the shoe enter
it, and so as to contract again to fit the form of the shoe where it narrows
from the heel to the shank, springs & being applied to the jointed ends
of the rim to force them inward towards each other, which springs allow
the outward yielding of said ends. The rim is fitted to and is sustained
upon a frame t which is of horse-shoe or U shape, and this is pivoted to
a kind of bracket u which is fastened to a slide v connected to a com-
bination of parts, which by adjustment can be made to vary the position
of the rim q so as to suit any kind of presentation that may be given
to a shoe. Slide moving up and down gives facility to fit the rim into
the crease at any reasonable distance from the shoulders on the last pins,
and is guided in ways w which are pivoted on a horizontal trunnion
which can turn and also slide in a bearing in the direction of the length
of its axis, the trunnion being fixed to the ways tc, and its bearing
being formed in the cross slide x, which has on its upper edge two ears a¹
loosely embracing a projection 6' by which the ways to can be inclined
through the action of the set screws ¹. To adjust the ways to toward
and back from the heel a right and left hand screw coupling nut c¹ is
introduced between ways to and cross slide x, which coupling takes hold
at one end upon screw threads made on the trunnion and at the other end

page_text: upon screw threads made on a boss on the cross slide around the
trunnion bearing, so that by turning the screw coupling nut c' in one
direction or the other the necessary forward and back adjustments of
the rim are made.
The cross slide is fitted in ways d', and can be moved in them by
turning the screw e' so as to set the rim 9 to one or the other side or on
the centre line, and the back of the ways d' is made convex, and is held
to the frame of the machine by screws v¹, by adjustment of which the
rim is affected as to its position.
q
By these provisions for setting and changing the position of the rim q
any form of shoe may be suited, but when a machine is once adjusted to
any special kind of work the adjustments which have to be made as
shoe after shoe is operated upon are but slight and not frequent.
Suppose then a heel properly pierced and ready to be placed on the
block h or its top j and the drivers k therein of such a length as to come
flush with the surface of h orj when the block / and plate fare brought
into contact the block is held by its spring g' away from plate, the
grooved plate a being at its lowest position, from which it is to be raised
by the action of a toggle joint or other suitable means, then all the
drivers, except two or three, are to be charged with nails point upward,
and in the heel those holes which correspond with the drivers not sup-
plied with nails have nails inserted so as to form register pins by which
the heel is registered in position over the drivers; or all the nails may
be entered in the holes made for their reception in the heel, and the
projecting nails are then thrust into the holes over the drivers. The
soled but heelless shoe is then with its last placed upon the last pins
with the rim q in the crease between the upper and the sole and ascent
of plate a, and the parts connected therewith brings the heel properly
upon the heel scat part of the sole; the block / slides down on the
drivers, and the drivers rise through the block h, and force the nails
into and through the heel and sole, and clinch their points upon the
surface of the last, the heel at the same time being greatly solidified
and condensed between said surface and the block h or plate j, and in
that condition the heel is ready to be shaved or cut to form.
Beneath the rim q is the edge of the rear or heel sent portion of the
sole which has been pared and fitted to the size and form of the shoe,
and to conform to which the heel is to be shaped by cutting away the
surplus material, the edge of the heel scat portion of the shoe serving as

page_text: a pattern or templet to guide the upper part of the knife to cause it to
cut the upper part of the heel in conformity with the shape of the heel
seat part of the sole.
The lever e, which is worked by hand to carry the cutter & around the
heel to shave it, is slotted, as seen at h³, so as to embrace and move upon
sleeve g, the pin c from the way of the knife carriage j¹ fitting in a
hole bored in lever e to receive said pin.
The knife carriage j' receives between two cars k' a block ♬ to which
the lower part of the knife is secured, said block filling the space
between cars k¹ which and the block are pierced with oblong holes
which receive a split or staple formed pin m', the object of which is to
keep the lower end of the knife within certain limits while allowing it
to yield within those limits. The carriage j' is made adjustable on the
ways i', so that the knife may be set as it is worn by sharpening with
its edge about in the vertical plane passing through the axial line of
lever e, which plane passes midway between the two guide rolls or
pins b, b. AC spring made fast to the carriage has its free end bearing
under the block A, and forces the knife up to its work without rigidly
holding it, and allowing the knife to follow the heel seat and heel tread
guides.
The upper part of the knife is bent sharply to the rear, and carries an
adjustable guide. A piece o' is dovetailed on the part p' of the knife,
and is made to slide back and forth thereon by turning screw q'. A
piece &¹ is fitted to the cutter bar p' by means of the bar o', so that by
turning screw q¹ its end can be projected toward the shoe beyond the
operative edge of knife p'. The object of this piece s¹ is to strike against
the edge of the sole in the shank of a shoe, and thus throw the knife back
and prevent it from cutting the sole edge beyond the place covered by
the heel.
To shave the heel the operator turns the lever so as to bring the knife
edge front of and toward the breast of the heel, and the C spring forces
the knife upward and toward the heel so that the surface p¹ of the
knife bears against the under surface of rim q, the edge of gauge »¹
against the edge of the heel seat part of the sole, and the lower part of
the knife against h or j, as the case may be, and as the knife is drawn
around the heel the tendency of the cut is to cause said gauges to hug
against said guides. To steady the rim frame and to aid the bracket u
in holding it the rear of the frame engages with steady pins in projec-

page_text: tions from the slide v. As in the use of this machine it is not common
to cup out the seat face of the heel, and as the shank of a shoe is
rounded back into the heel seat, it is necessary to compress the material
of the heel more at the breast than at the sides or edges, and hence I
make the surface of the heel part of the last, as seen in Figure 1,
inclined from the rear toward the breast line, so that along the breast
of the heel the leather is more compressed than elsewhere, especially
at the centre of the shank.
A similar result may be obtained by dropping the rear of the surface
on which the heel is placed.
In preparing heels to be attached to boots and shoes by nails driven
from the outside or tread of the heel through the layers of which it is
composed into and through the sole (both outer and inner soles, if an
inner sole is used) it is desirable to make holes for reception of the nails,
to guide them, and to make such holes to conform to the rake, bevel,
or inclination of the heels and to make such inclined holes all at one
time and operation.
It is very desirable to have the nails in a heel quite near to its
convex outline, and equally near both at the tread and seat, but as
the tread is commonly much smaller than the seat it follows that if
the heel nails were driven square to the tread and at a reasonable
distance from the convex outline thereof, the nails would be so distant
from the convex outline of the heel at its seat that the layers of
which a heel is composed would not be well compressed except near
the tread, and the upper part of the heel would shrink and shew open
cracks, and would not be firm enough to finish well. Moreover it is
an object to fasten the heel to the sole as near to the outline of the
sole as possible, for the heel is so held more securely than when the
nails are remote from the sole edges.
The Drawings shew that portion of a heeling machine embodying this
part of the Invention; Figure 8 being a side view of said portion;
Figure 9 a plan, and Figures 10 and 11 sectional views taken in the
plane of the line z, z, seen in Figure 9; Figure 12 is a reversed plan
of the perforated block a.
In this Figures a is the block which is perforated with conical holes b,
which block is forced up and down over the awls c which play in said
holes, the awls being bent to an angle as seen in Figures 10 and 11,

page_text: and being made fast in a plate d which is secured to a tube or sleeve e
in which slides the rod f which is attached to the block a so that
said block can be forced up over the awls. On the top of block a is
fixed a guide g to receive and properly locate heels by their tread surfaces.
The heel made up of layers of leather or other material slightly held
together by a nail through the centre or by cement or other means is
placed on the surface h of block a, the block being in the position shewn
in Figures 8 and 10. A plunger is made to descend on the seat surface
of the heel by any suitable powerful means, and the heel and block are
driven downward, causing the protrusion of the awls beyond the surface
and driving the material of the heel upon the awls. The plunger being
removed, the heel is stripped from the awls by elevation of the block a
by power applied to the rod f. The permanent bend made in the awls
is that shewn in Figure 11, where the shanks of the awls are seen as
vertical and the operative ends are inclined outward, but when the
block a is raised so as to cover the awl points they are thereby drawn
and temporarily deflected inward, the shanks of the awls being drawn
towards each other. When and as the heel and the block a are forced
downward the awl points spring outward, and when the surface / arrives
at the angle made in each awl they will have assumed their natural
inclined or flaring position, and will have made the desired inclined
perforations in the heel. The holes in the block a for reception of
the awls are made at the surface / equal to or but slightly larger than
the diameter of the awls, said holes being enlarged or coned from said
surface as they extend through the thickness of the block. The extreme
end of each awl shank is made conical where it fits in the piece d, so
that it is not possible to draw the awls from their holder when the
block a is raised to strip the heel from the awls, and the ends of the
awl shanks resting against a solid bed or a piece supported thereby the
awls cannot be forced downward.
The arrangement described is that used for perforating a heel from
its tread towards its seat, but if it is desirable to make the perforations
in the reverse direction, that is, from the seat toward the tread, the
permanent bend given to the awls must be the reverse of that shewn
in Figure 11, that is, the awl blade points must be inclined toward
each other instead of outward. This reversed arrangement is used when
it is desired to nail heels from the inside of a boot or shoe instead of
from the outside.

page_text: The Drawings shew a knife and its means for adjustment, the purpose
of the knife being to cut the front or breast of the heel at the time
when it is forced down upon the awls, but as this forms no part of this
Invention further reference to it here is unnecessary.
There is seen in the Drawings an adjunct for so covering heels with
a tread lift as to hide the nails from view, which adjunct is more
particularly shewn in Figures 13, 14, and 15. Without such adjunct
the heads of the heel nails are covered with a tread lift by leaving
the drivers short, so that they will not come within about the tenth
of an inch of the surface which acts on the lift through which the nails
enter the heel, and thus the nails will be driven, and the heel compressed
with the nails projecting beyond the lift through which they enter;
then the plate is lowered, and the ways p raised a distance about equal
to the thickness of the tread lift which is used to cover the projecting
nails; this lift is placed on the surface of h or j, and then the bed a
is caused to rise, which will force the lift upon the projecting nails,
and will cover them with a lift which is thus made an integral part
of the heel. Some of the leather of this covering lift is forced into
the holes in which the drivers work and is left projecting in bunches
which have to be trimmed off.
When a heel has been shaved the plate a and the parts connected
therewith are lowered and the slide o and the shoe drawn forward. The
shoe is detached from the last and another substituted which is then
thrust into the rim q. A new heel is placed over the nails upon the
drivers or is prepared with nails, and the nailing and compressing opera-
tion is performed and followed by the shaving operation as before set
forth, and the work is continued and adjustments of the parts made from
time to time by the described devices as the sizes or forms of boots or
shoes are changed.
The knife can be readily removed from the machine and can be
stripped from the parts fastened to it for thorough grinding.
In nailing heels to boots and shoes by machinery it has heretofore been
the practice where the nail heads have been covered from view by a tread
lift of leather to use drivers of such length as not to come to the surface
of the block containing the drivers, which surface is the one acting upon
the lift of the heel through which the nails enter, and between which
and the opposed surface of the last within the boot or shoe the material
of the heel is compressed as above explained.
The nails are thus left

page_text: projecting beyond the surface of the lift, through which they enfer, say,
about the tenth of an inch, and the driver block is lowered and the outer
lift placed thereon, and the support for the boot or shoe is raised a
distance slightly less than the thickness of said outer lift, which is then
forced upon the projecting nail heads when the driver block is raised.
But as there are holes in the driver block in which the drivers move and
into which the nails are entered before they are driven, it follows in the
act of forcing the outer tread lift of the heel upon the nails that the
leather is pushed into said holes leaving a bunch or projection of leather
directly over each nail head on the tread surface of the tread lift, which 1
bunches or projections have to be cut off and the surface finished.
Now by the adjuncts shewn in Figures 13, 14, and 15, the formation
of such bunches and consequently the need of finishing the tread
surface of the tread lift are avoided, and this is accomplished by placing
upon the upper surface of the driver block or upon the upper surface of 1
any extension piece that is secured thereunto a flat smooth plate after
the driver block is lowered and after the nails have been driven into the
heel but left projecting slightly as before explained.
The outer tread lift that is to be forced upon the projecting nail heads
is then placed on said plate. The boot or shoe support is raised a 2
distance slightly less than the thickness of said plate and the thickness
of the tread lift, and said lift is then raised and forced upon the pro-
jecting nail heads by the act of raising the driver block, and it will be
found that the surface of the tread lift is left smooth and free from
bunches or projections.
2
Figure 13 of the Drawings represents in vertical central section the
extension platej which is applied to the top of the driver block, said
plate being perforated for the nails and drivers. Figure 14 shows the
same in plan with the addition of a plate u' in one position which it
has to assume, while in Figure 15 said addition is shewn in its other 3
necessary position.
It will now be seen how if a heel placed on j or on the driver block with
drivers adjusted as described, and with nails over the drivers, and with
a shoe properly sustained over the heel, the nails will when the drivers
are forced upward be driven through the lifts of the heel into the sole, 3
and how the lifts of the heel must be compressed together by the action
of the upper surface of j against the lift through which the nails enter,
and it will also be seen that the nail heads will be left projecting beyond

page_text: the lift through which the nails enter just the distance which the
drivers fall short of coming to the surface which supports and acts
against said lift. There is added to this arrangement the plate u³, which
can be placed over the upper surface of ; and arranged preferably as
shewn by pivoting the plate u', so that it can swing over the nail and
driver holes as in Figure 15, or so that they can be uncovered as in
Figure 14. In driving the nails plate is left in the position seen in
Figure 14 and plate j is then lowered with the parts connected there-
with, and plate u¹ is swung to the position seen in Figure 15, and a
lift of leather is placed thereon, which lift makes the tread of a heel
with the breast of the tread lift against a gauge projection on the plate,
which projection is plainly seen in the Drawing. To bring the breast
gauge projection to the right position on plate ; a register pin v¹ is
inserted therein which checks the plate u' at the proper place or registers
it, the slot at to embracing the pin v' when plate ; is in position for
receiving the tread lift. Then the support of the shoe is raised a distance
about equal to or slightly less than the thickness of the tread lift and
plate, causing plate ; and parts connected therewith to nise, which
results in the forcing of the tread lift upon the projecting rails, which
however do not project far enough to come through the lift so that the
nail heads are completely covered, and the tread lift is securely attached
to and made part of the heel. With the drivers k falling short of the
surface of j it will be seen that the leather is compressed at the time
the nails are driven, so that the heel is just as solid as though made
under the action of drivers set to come flush with the surface acting
on the leather. If it is not desirable to have all of the nails left pro-
jecting then some of the drivers may be of full length and others left
short.
In Figures 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 certain modifications of the machine
are shown. Figure 16 represents a front elevation, and Figure 17 a side
elevation of part of the machine; Figure 18, a side view, and Figure 19
a reversed plan of the clamp and adjacent mechanism; Figure 20 is a
horizontal section on the line x, x, of Figure 16. One of these modifica-
tions relates to the method of working the cutter carriage to trim the heel.
In the mechanism already described this carriage is worked by hand,
but although this is ordinarily an easy matter, it is sometimes desirable
to work the cutter by the mechanism or from the driving shaft. This
is effected as follows:-In Figures 16 to 20 a³ denotes a vertical shaft

page_text: rotating in suitable bearings, and made capable of a sliding vertical
movement in such bearings. Upon this shaft is a gear pinion 6³, the
teeth of which mesh into and drive a gear wheel d³, with which is
connected the cutter d. The lower part of the shaft a³ is connected
to the upper part by a flexible joint ƒ³ that permits the pinion b³ to
swing laterally with the gear d³. At the upper end of this shaft is
a bevil wheel into which meshes a bevel pinion h³ on a horizontal
shaft, upon which shaft are fixed two clutch pulleys k³, P, connected re-
spectively by a cross belt m³ and a straight belt n³ with the driving shaft o³,
said shaft & also carrying a slide clutch p³ connected by a clutch lever qª
and rod and shipper lever c³ with a slide rod having two arms 1³, 8³.
The pinions 6s and shaft a³ are raised with the gear as the latter rises in
nailing the heel, and it is forced down (as the gear ³ descends in relcasing
the heel nailed shoe) by a suitable spring . Normally the shaft a³ is
stationary (as to rotation) but when the plate a has risen and the heel is
nailed the operator pushes in the slide rod 3, thereby actuating the clutch
lever and throwing the slide clutch into connection with the pulley k³.
Rotation of the shaft then communicates motion to the shaft a³ and
its pinion 6³ rotating the gear d³ and actuating the cutter to trim tho
edge of the heel. As the cutter in its rotative movement completes its
trimming stroke, a pin y³ on the gear and cutter carriage strikes the
arm 13 of the slide rod, and presses back said rod actuating the clutch lever
and throwing the slide clutch into connection with the other pulley,
which causes a reversal of the movement of the shaft a³, pinion ³,
gear &, and cutter e³. The gear rotates until the cutter approaches its
normal position when the pin y³ strikes the arms and moves it far
enough to throw the slide clutch out of connection with the pulley P,
but not into connection with the other pulley, thereby arresting further
movement of the gear and cutter, the heel nailed and trimmed shoc
being then ready for removal.
Another of the modifications relates to the method of operating the
last or shoc griping mechanism (in applying blind top lifts) to regulate
the position of the slide o in griping the shoe after the top lift has been
placed and prior to trimming the heel.
The slide o is raised and lowered by a hand wheel a' on a pin b', upon
which is a gear c' that meshes into and drives a pinion d' on a shaft e*,
having a bevel gear which meshes into and drives a bevel pinion on the
top of the screw f' to raise and lower the slide o.

page_text: The gear c' also meshes into a segment gear g' on the end of a lever h*
pivoted at, and having an arm k*, on the inner side of which is a
recess formed by two flanges &, m².
x³ is a pin on a swivel piece y' at the top of a bar n'; when the shoe
is clamped the wheel a' is turned and the slide o is thereby forced down
until the shoe is griped by the pins mas before described; when the
bed plate a then rises to drive the nails the pin 2 enters the recess
of the arm and passes over an incline at the upper part of said recess,
and emerges above the arm, when by the stress of a suitable spring it
is drawn over the flange l'; as the plate 6 descends after nailing a shoe
the pin by acting on the outer surface of flange turns the lever /*
and its segment gear and thereby raises the slide o to position it in
accordance with the increase of thickness caused by the top lift to be
inserted; the top lift is then introduced, and when the bed plate next
rises to gripe the shoe for trimming the pin x again passes through the
recess of the arm without disturbing the arm, and emerging at the
top springs over the other flange m³, and when the bed plate next
descends after the trimming the pin rides upon the flange m* pressing
it down, turning the segment, and carrying the slide plate o back to its
normal position.
Another modification relates to a method of clamping the shoc upper
around the heel and upon the last to gauge the path of the cutter.
This clamp consists of two jaws o*, p', pivoted at q* and having tail
pieces, upon which are rolls s' operated by inclines on a lever 1ª,
an arm vª of which has an incline 10', which is acted upon by a dog j*.
As the nailing mechanism and cutter rise the lever "' is actuated
by the dog j, causing the inclines to press forward, pushing apart
the tail pieces and forcing the jaws o*, p*, against the upper of the
shoe.
The under surface of the two jaws is provided with a groove w' con-
centric with the griping faces of the jaws, and as the cutter rises a pin ;*
attached to the cutter carriage enters the groove, said groove then
forming the guide for determining the path of action of the cutter,
which is of course concentric with the surface of the upper griped by the
3 jaws.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what

page_text: I claim is, the general and specific construction and arrangement of the
mechanism and details of mechanism substantially as described for
nailing heels to boots and shoes and trimming the edges thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, havo
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, ₺
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)