Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Aerated Water, and in Apparatus for Effecting same.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 8th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Aerated Water, and
in Apparatus for Effecting same.
I, JAMES MCEWEN of Ruthven House, Marple in the County of Chester,
Aerated Water Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be
as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in the method of manufacturing aerated
water and in apparatus for effecting same and consists in means for automatically
saturating or impregnating water with carbonic acid gas in an efficient and
economical manner from portable or other storage tubes or vessels containing the
said gas. This invention is designed to allow of aerated water manufacturers and
others to make aerated water by means of carbonic acid gas obtained from carbonic
acid gas manufacturers and others in the aforesaid portable or other storage tubes
or vessels, thereby dispensing with the use of the generator and gas-holder at
present in vogue in connection with aerated water machinery. The essential part
of my said invention relates to the construction and arrangement of an aerating
vessel and its internal and other arrangements for saturating or impregnating water
with carbonic acid gas. The mixing or aerating vessel can be of any suitable size
and form, into which the water to be saturated or impregnated is admitted from any
convenient source, being regulated by hand to suit the necessary requirements or
quantities to be aerated. The carbonic acid gas is conveyed from the portable or
other storage tubes or vessels in any convenient manner and by any suitable
connection. The inside of the mixing or aerating vessel is fitted with a nozzle or
nozzles through which the carbonic acid gas is blown into the water as it enters the
vessel, and by which a thorough circulation and mixing is effected. The carbonic
acid gas is regulated in pressure by a diaphragm which regulates the opening of a
valve connected to the carbonic acid gas tube. The strength of the said diaphragm
is controlled by a spring and screw or their equivalents, which can be readily
adjusted according to the various requirements or desired pressure. The inside of
the aerating vessel can be provided with divisions or other devices to prolong the
passage of water and to break it up into particles so as to cause the same to be
thoroughly saturated or impregnated with gas. After the water has been aerated
it can be drawn off in the usual manner to the bottle filling machine. A continuous
action can be maintained by the use of a pump as the aerated water is drawn off by
the bottling machines. The aerating cylinder is fitted with a gauge so that the
pressure can be ascertained, thus allowing of the same being regulated by the
valve and its adjusting spring and screw or other equivalents.
Dated the 12th November 1891.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Aerated Water, and
in Apparatus for Effecting same.
I, JAMES MCEWEN of Ruthven House, Marple in the County of Chester,
Aerated Water Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of manufacturing aerated
water and in apparatus for effecting same and consists in means for automatically

page_text: saturating or impregnating water with carbonic acid gas in an efficient and
economical manner from portable or other storage tubes or vessels containing the
said gas.
This invention is designed to allow of acrated water manufacturers and
others to make aerated water by means of carbonic acid gas obtained from carbonic
acid gas manufacturers and others in the aforesaid portable or other storage tubes
or vessels, thereby dispensing with the use of the generator and gas-holder at
present in vogue in connection with aerated water machinery. The essential part
of my said invention relates to the construction and arrangement of an aerating
vessel and its internal and other arrangements for saturating or impregnating water
with carbonic acid gas. The mixing or aerating vessel can be of any suitable size
and form, into which the water to be saturated or impregnated is admitted from
any convenient source, being regulated by hand to suit the necessary requirements
or quantities to be aerated. The carbonic acid gas is conveyed from the portable
or other storage tubes or vessels in any convenient manner and by any suitable
connection. The inside of the mixing or aerating vessel is fitted with a nozzle or
nozzles through which the carbonic acid gas is blown into the water as it enters the
vessel, and by which a thorough circulation and mixing is effected. The carbonic
acid gas is regulated by a diaphragm which regulates the opening of a valve connected
to the carbonic acid gas tube. The strength of the said diaphragm is controlled by
a spring and screw or their equivalents, which can be readily adjusted according to
the various requirements or desired pressure. The inside of the aerating vessel can
be provided with divisions or other devices to prolong the passage of water and to
break it up into particles so as to cause the same to be thoroughly saturated or
impregnated with gas. After the water has been aerated it can be drawn off in
the usual manner to the bottle filling machine. A continuous action can be main-
tained by the use of a pump as the aerated water is drawn off by the bottling
machines. The aerating cylinder is fitted with a gauge so that the pressure can be
ascertained, thus allowing of the same being regulated by the valve and its
adjusting spring and screw or other equivalents.
in the manufacture of aerated water with my improvements applied.
Fig. 2 is a plan through line A' B³.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional elevation of apparatus for carrying my invention
into effect.
Fig. 4 is another modification of apparatus shown in Fig. 3, and
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of valve-box in Fig. 3.
A is the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel; B the water or liquid pump;
C the valve-box containing the suction and delivery valves; D water or liquid inlet
pipe; E shell tin sponge; G perforated plate for supporting tin sponge; F fly-
.wheel; H driving pulley; I loose pulley, and J storage tube or vessel containing
carbonic acid gas or liquid carbonate.
The condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A may be of the form shown, or of
any other fitted with the perforated plate G for supporting the shell tin sponge E
described in my Patent Specification No. 3006 of 1881 for the purpose of
thoroughly breaking and opening up the water when being subjected to the pressure
of gas, and which in percolating through the said sponge will become highly
saturated or impregnated with gas, and subsequently will lay quietly in the bottom
of the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A, thus avoiding violence throughout
the process of charging, and by mixing the gas with the liquid as quietly as possible
is the very best condition for bottling. To further increase the efficiency of the
latter it is necessary to maintain an uniform pressure upon the liquid throughout
the process of charging after the introduction of gas. The carbonic acid gas or
liquid carbonate is conveyed from the storage tube or vessel J by the pipe K,
coupled to the valve-box L by the nut M. The valve-box L is provided with the

page_text: valve N on the end of the stem O. The latter slides or works through the stuffing-
box P to form a joint and prevent unnecessary escape of gas or liquid carbonate.
The outer end of the stem O is provided with the screwed socket to receive the
threaded spindle R fitted with the lock nut S. One end of the spindle R bears
against the stem or spindle T attached to the diaphragm U mounted in the casing
or chamber W, and secured therein between the flanges V by the screws X. The
casing W is fixed to the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A by the screw Y,
or in any other convenient manner. The strength of the diaphragm U-to give
any desired pressure in the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A-is controlled
by operating the screwed spindle R mounted in the socket Q which affords ready
means of adjustment to the various requirements demanded in the manufacture of
aerated waters. Another method I adopt for effecting or regulating the
diaphragm U to give any desired pressure is by providing the casing W with the
screwed end W on which is mounted the nut V₁ as shown in Fig. 4. The latter
operates on the spring R³ which is disposed between the inside of the nut V¹ and
the disc S' on the stem or spindle T attached to the diaphragm U.
The inside of the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A is fitted with the
nozzle or nozzles consisting of the pipe Z provided with the perforations E' as
shown. The nozzle Z is attached to the side of the cylinder or vessel A by the
nuts F. To the outer end of the nozzle Z is fixed-by the union H-the pipe K'
to convey carbonic acid gas or liquid carbonate from the valve-box L as it is
allowed by the valve N to pass through the opening I shown in Fig. 5.
Water
or liquid is supplied to the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A by the pump B
and delivered in a spray or shower from the perforations O' in the upper end of the
vertical pipe D.
This invention operates in the following manner :— -Water or liquid to be aerated
is supplied to the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A by the pump B, or by
any other means, such as, from towns mains where the pressure is sufficient, or from
a tank having a head of water or liquid to produce the necessary pressure; the
flow of water or liquid being regulated by a valve or tap to give a steady uniform
distribution. The water or liquid is delivered through the perforations O¹ in the
pipe D in a spray or shower which falls on the shell tin sponge E, and as the water
or liquid percolates through the same it is thoroughly saturated or impregnated
with gas as it rises from the nozzle Z in the lower end of the condensing cylinder
or aerating vessel A. Carbonic acid gas or liquid carbonate is supplied from the
storage tube or vessel J by means of the pipe K to the inlet passage P¹ of the
valve-box L. The amount or speed of the supply of gas from the storage tube or
vessel J is regulated by the valve or tap H2 attached to same. When it is desired
to emit gas from the storage tube or vessel J it is effected by turning the wheel or.
handle M attached thereto, and in case the pressure in the condensing cylinder or
aerating vessel A is below that of the gas delivered from the storage tube
or vessel J the valve N will be forced from its seat thus allowing gas to pass
through the outlet passage I into the pipe K¹ from whence it is delivered into the
nozzle Z and through the perforations E into the water in the lower end of the
condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A, from whence it will rise and mingle with
the water or liquid passing through the shell tin sponge E. Immediately the
pressure in the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A is raised to a point above
the pressure of gas being delivered the diaphragm U will be operated and close the
valve N to stop the supply of gas as long as the pressure in the condensing cylinder
or aerating vessel A is maintained. When the pressure in the cylinder or vessel A
decreases through the process of bottling the diaphragm U will yield and allow a
further supply of gas and cause the pressure in the condensing cylinder or aerating
vessel A to be increased and so on continuously. When it is desired to raise the
pressure in the latter vessel it is effected by screwing or turning the rod R_to
lengthen the same, or by turning the nut V' to shorten the length of the spring R',
thus increasing the pressure on the diaphragm U. In case a reduced pressure is
required the apparatus is operated in a contrary direction. By thus employing this

page_text: automatic regulator the pressure between the gas delivered and the pressure of the
water or liquid in the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel A will be maintained.
Having thus stated the nature of my invention and described the mode of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details or configuration of the parts I have shown and described as the
same may be varied or modified without departing from the principle of my
invention and that they may be applied to the machine as shown or any existing or
other machine, but what I claim and desire to be secured to me by Letters
Patent is
1. The improved method of aerating or charging water or liquid with gas by
means of a pressure regulator having a diaphragm to operate a valve to control the
supply of
gas.
2. In combination with a condensing cylinder or aerating vessel employed for
charging water or liquid with gas the use of apparatus consisting of a pressure
regulator having a diaphragm to operate a valve to control the supply of gas.
3. In combination with a condensing cylinder or aerating vessel employed for
charging water or liquid with gas the use of apparatus consisting of a gas supply
and a water or liquid supply, pipes for conducting gas and water or liquid, the gas
pipe having a nozzle with perforations through which the gas will flow into and
through the liquid, and a pressure regulator provided with a diaphragm operated
upon by the gas and water or liquid, a valve-box and seat fitted with a valve
operated by the diaphragm to control the supply of gas, and means for regulating
or varying the pressure in the condensing cylinder or aerating vessel.
Dated the 8th August 1892.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent.