A NEW OR IMPROVED TIPPING. FRAME FOR WAGONS.
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Hadfield of Southampton Buildings, Holborn,
London, for an invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED TIPPING. FRAME FOR
WAGONS.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Hadfield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1882.
ROBERT HADFIELD of Southampton Buildings, Holborn, London,
OR IMPROVED TIPPING FRAME FOR WAGONS."
".
"A NEW
This Invention has for its object a new or improved tipping frame for wagons
used for carrying coals, clay, sand, ore, or other material.
My invention consists in making a casting (by preference of cast steel or
malleable iron) and affixing same by either rivets or bolts underneath the wagon
body. Owing to the peculiar construction of this casting it not only answers
the purposes of the usual draw bar which I am thus enabled to dispense with
altogether but also serves as a back bone or keel to the entire length of the
wagon body which it firmly supports from end to end and to which it gives
great additional strength. It also acts as a binge or joint on which the wagon
body is tipped for the purpose of discharging its contents. In the hollow part
at each end I am also enabled to place either spring or wood buffers in the circular
part of the said casting and the centre thereof serves the purpose of keeping
the wagon in an horizontal position during transit, it being provided with a notch
into which fits a lever.-The said lever being forced upwards by a spring into
the aforesaid notch at which time it is firmly locked and can only be tipped by
the attendant depressing the said lever, which is very readily done either by foot
or hand when the wagon instantly tips of itself and discharges its contents.-The
attendant then simply and easily returns said wagon body to its horizontal
position when the aforesaid spring instantly forces the lever into the notch which
becomes firmly locked. At the same instant the door provided at the end of
wagon body which is suspended by hinges, swings to and locks itself I also make
the wheel frame of cast steel or malleable iron either in one complete casting

page_text: or in two castings held together by bolts the said frame forming in the hollow
part immediately over the axle bearing a very suitable and convenient grease box
which being effectually closed excludes all dust and dirt and prevents the cutting
or grinding away of the said axle which wearing away of axle is often the cause
of much trouble in ordinary wagons. I am also enabled to dispense with the
ordinary pedestals in my said improved wagon frame as by reason of the said
wagon frame being hollow it also forms a very convenient seat for the insertion of
small metal or wood bearings which when worn out can be very easily and cheaply
renewed I make the upper portion of the said wagon body of either wood iron or
steel similar to any of the usual forms now in use:
The following are some of the principal advantages of my said improved tipping
frame
First. Greater dispatch is obtainable therewith as the operation of unloading is
attended with very little labor.
Second Extreme lightness is obtained, combined with great strength.
Third Great simplicity of construction there being very few parts that can
possibly get out of order or give trouble which renders it particularly suitable for
the Diamond Fields or the Colonies.
Fourth. Effectual and constant lubrication is secured by reason of the grease
boxes being conveniently placed in the hollow part of frame immediately over the
axle bearings.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert Hadfield in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th October
1882
ROBERT HADFIELD of Southampton Buildings Holborn London " A NEW OR
IMPROVED TIPPING FRAME FOR WAGONS."
This Invention has for its object a new or improved tipping frame for wagons
used for carrying coals, clay sand ore or other materials.
My invention consists in casting a tipping frame by preference of cast steel or
malleable iron, and affixing the same either by rivets or bolts underneath the
wagon body. Such casting is provided with two central lugs hanging on to the
wheel frame.-Owing to the peculiar construction of this casting it not only
answers the purposes of the usual draw bar, which I am thus enabled to entirely
dispense with, but it also serves as a back bone or keel to the entire length of the
wagon body which it firmly supports from end to end and to which it gives great
additional strength.-It also acts as a hinge or joint on which the wagon body is
tipped for the purpose of discharging its contents.
In the hollow part of the keel or backbone at each end I place either spring or
wood buffers and the semicircular or central part thereof is provided with a notch
for the reception of a lock lever which prevents the wagon tipping and firmly
locks it in an horizontal position during transit but when it is desired to tip the
wagon by depressing this lever the wagon automatically tips itself and in so doing
opens the door therein.
Such door is formed by making one end of the wagon body separate and
attaching it to the other part of the said body by suspending it with hinges from
the top edge. I also provide the door with two catches or snecks working on a bolt
that passes through the back bone or keel.-The tail ends of these catches I make
sufficiently long to reach over one of the strut bolts that hold the sides of the
wheel frame together and by so doing the wagon when in the act of tipping causes
the tail ends of these catches to come in contact with the said strut bolt and thus
instantly liberates the door and the contents of the wagon are discharged. The
attendant then pulls the wagon body back to an horizontal position when the lock
lever drops into the notch provided for it and while the wagon body is so being
pulled into an horizontal position the door swings to and its bottom edge running
up the inclined head of the catches thus automatically fastens and swivels itself.
When it is desired to tip the wagon the back lever may be depressed either by the
hand or the foot.
I also make the wheel frame of cast steel or malleable iron either in one or if
preferred in two castings held together by distance or strut bolts as shewn in the
accompanying drawings.-In the hollow part of such wheel frame immediately
over the axle bearings I form suitable and convenient grease boxes which being
effectually closed exclude all dust and dirt and prevent the cutting or grinding
away of the axle, which wearing away is often the cause of much trouble in
ordinary wagons. I am also thus enabled to dispense with the ordinary pedestals
in my said improved wagon frame by providing suitable recesses for the insertion
of small metal or wood bearings, which when worn out can be very easily and
cheaply renewed.-The locking lever may be placed either inside or outside of the
quadrant B shewn in the drawings which in order that my said invention may be
better understood and readily carried into effect I will now proceed more
particularly to describe.
Figure 1 represents a view of one of my improved tipping wagons in sectional
end elevation and Figure 2 a view in sectional side elevation of the same.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts,

page_text: A. A are sheets of steel or iron forming body of wagon bolted or rivetted to
angle bars, F, F.
B, B, indicate a single casting containing fixed wood buffer G and cast steel
buffer H resisted by india rubber springs J, I. A recess is formed in the quadrant B
for the catch bar D D which being depressed by hand or foot as already mentioned
allows the wagon to tip and in tipping catches the levers L, L, which ride over the
tie bar K and so release the door and cause it to open automatically in tipping-
When the wagon body returns to its horizontal position it is secured therein by
the catch bar D.
CC indicate the brackets for carrying the tipping centre E E also forming
bearings for the wheels and axles and containing grease boxes J J for lubricating
the axle bearings which grease boxes are covered with lids to keep out dirt. The
brackets C C are connected by three tie rods K K which make them firm and
rigid.
The dotted lines in Figure 2 represent the position of the mechanism when the
wagon is tipped.
The following are some of the principal advantages of my improved tipping
frame.
Firstly. Greater dispatch is obtainable therewith as the operation of unloading
is attended with very little labor.
*
Secondly. Extreme lightness is obtained combined with great strength.
Thirdly. It possesses great simplicity of construction which renders it easy of
transport and having very few parts that can possibly get out of order or give
trouble it is particularly adapted for the diamond fields and the Colonies.
Fourthly. Effectual and constant lubrication is secured by reason of the grease
boxes being conveniently placed in the hollow part of the frame immediately over
the axle bearings.
Fifthly. The general plan arrangement and construction of my said improved
tipping frame is entirely novel and owing to such improved form and construction
it generally possesses greater lightness strength and tipping advantages than any
other tipping wagon hitherto constructed.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the manner of carrying the same into effect I would have it
understood that what I claim as novel and desire to secure by the hereinbefore in
part recited Letters Patent is―
Firstly. The improved construction and manufacture of tipping frames for
wagons substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
Secondly. In combination with such improved tipping frame the improved
construction and arrangement of the door of a tipping wagon substantially in the
manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated.
In witness whereof I the said Robert Hadfield have hereunto set my hand
and seal this sixth day of October in the Year of Our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.