Improvements in Petroleum Lamps for Heating Saucepans or other Vessels.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 30th July, 1900-Accepted, 22nd Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum Lamps for Heating Saucepans or other
Vessels.
I, MARCEL GERVAIS, of 54, Rue d'Assas, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
-
The heating lamp which forms the subject of the present invention consists
of two essential parts, the vaporizer, and the burner of the vessel which con-
tains the petroleum.
The vaporizer is formed of a cylinder and of a metallic truncated cone, open at
their upper and lower ends and kept at the proper distance apart-the cylinder
inside the cone-by vertical stays, in such a position that they are concentric
with each other, and that the lower end of the cylinder is just above the upper
end of the wick below
Both the cylinder and the truncated cone (the smaller end of which is below)
are pierced with a large number of holes aanged in horizontal rows
In both the cylinder and the cone, the holes in the lower row are of larger
diameter than the remainder
The outer truncated cone is provided outside with pivots, two being upon each
side and opposite to each other near the upper and lower ends of the cone respec-
tively, and these pivots are suspended in the ends of two horizontal forks parallel
to each other and of equal length turning at their outer ends upon hinges or
pivots fixed, one above the other, to the inside of a metal cylinder of consider-
able diameter which 18 placed upon the vessel below containing the petroleum
The lower one of the two forks described 18 provided with a prolongation on the
other side of the cone, and ends in a horizontal pin which can rise and fall in a
vertical slot in or upon the opposite side of the external cylinder to that to
which the hinges already described are fixed A pin, provided with a handle
outside, turns in a hole in the external cylinder, and is provided with a curved
excentric arm having a slot of corresponding shape in which the end of the pin
upon the prolongation of the fork works, so that when the handle 18 turned the
fork is raised or lowered, carrying with it the outer cone and interior cylinder,
the height of which can therefore, be exactly adjusted
The burner of the circular holder below, 18 cylindrical, and has a cential air
passage, a cylindrical wick passing up between the internal and external tubes
of the burner, which resembles ordinary burners of the kind, except that the
upper ends of the tubes which form it are bent over horizontally for a short
distance, the inner one inwards, and the outer one outwards, so that they form
two angular supports, which when the vaporizer is lowered, receive the lower
edges of the outer truncated cone and of the inner cylinder which compose the
vaporizer, respectively
The turned-out edge of the outer cylinder is turned up at its outer edge so as
to prevent any current of external air from penetrating to the interior of the
tuncated conc.
The action of the apparatus is as follows
The vaporizer 18 raised about a centimetie, and the wick 18 lighted The
vaporizer is then lowered, until its lower end is nearly in contact with the
buiner, and after a moment it is brought down into contact with the latter,
and the wick is raised.

page_text: The annular space which 18 produced by the presence of the central cylinder,
can receive only, a small quantity of air, so that the vapours disengaged from
the wick as soon as they are sufficiently abundant, cannot buin there com-
pletely Consequently, there are formed on the inner surfaces of the cylinder
and of the cone, two thin layers of flame, between which passes, and becomes
heated in passing, the remainder of the vapours which burn in the free air
above and below the vessel which it is desired to heat. Contained between the
current of very hot air which comes from the cylinder and the current of
exterior an outside the cone, they are completely consumed without discolouring
the sides of the vessel
The useful effect of this combustion may be increased by fitting in the upper
end of the outer cylinder, and a little above the upper end of the cone, a hori-
zontal plate having a circular central opening of a diameter somewhat greater
'than that of the upper end of the cone
The current of air which passes through
the annular space between the edge of this hole and the top of the cone, con-
fines the flames and concentrates their action upon the vessel
When the bottom of the vessel to be heated 18 of large dimensions, the plate
last described may have substituted for it one somewhat differently shaped.
This plate 18 slightly coned downward, and its cential opening surrounds closely,
but so as not to touch it, the upper edge of the cone of the vaporizer
It is
pierced with a suitable number of holes of a diameter of about three or four
millimetres By reducing the current of exterior air it inci cases the draught
in the interior of the vapouze, and especially of the cylinder. The flame 18
consequently directed horizontally, and has a greater intensity
In vaporizers of large size, a cylindrical casing, fixed outside the truncated
cone, prevents the return of the flame
The proportions of the apparatus may be varied more or less In height, for in-
stance, it is only necessary that it should not be inconveniently great, but that
there should be sufficient diaught to prevent the vapours from passing back to the
exterior, through the holes described It might be made of less height and with
a smaller wick, or of greater height with a larger wick, especially if it were
needed to be used as a heating stove In the same way the holes may be made
smaller but more numerous, or on the other hand, less numerous but larger
Or again, their number might be increased whilst retaining their size, or their
diameter increased whilst retaining the number, if with a quicker combustion
it were desued to obtain a greater heat of the interior of the vaporizer, and con-
sequently a more abundant disengagement of vapour
Dated this 1st day of Uctoper
XAL
EDWARDS AND Co,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant
EDWARDS AND Co.
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum Lamps for Heating Saucepans or other
Vessels.
I, MARCEL GERVAIS, of 54, Rue d'Assas, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same 18 to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying diawing, that is to say:-
-
The heating lamp which forms the subject of the present invention consists of
two essential parts; the vaporizer, and the burner of the vessel which contains
the petioleum
The accompanying drawing 18 in illustration of my invention, Figure 1

page_text: being a vertical section through the apparatus Figure 2 is a partial plan.
Figure 3 18 a vertical section of the upper part somewhat modified Figure 4 is
a plan of the same Figure 5 is a perspective view shewing the method of
adjusting the height of the cone and cylinder.
The vaporizer 18 formed of a cylinder band of a metallic truncated cone a
open at their upper and lower ends and kept at the proper distance apart-the
cylinder inside the cone-by vertical stays c, in such a position that they are con-
centric with each other (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) and that the lower end of the
cylinder (1-2, Figure 1) is just above the upper end of the wick below
Both the cylinder and the truncated cone (the smaller end of which is below)
are pierced with a large number of holes arranged in horizontal 10ws
In both the cylinder and the cone, the holes in the lower row are of larger
diameter than the remainder
The outer truncated cone is provided outside with four pivots t, two being
upon each side and opposite to each other near the upper and lower ends of
the cone respectively, and these pivots are suspended in the ends of two hori-
zontal forks f, f, parallel to each other and of equal length turning at their outer
ends upon hinges or pivots d, d, the axes of which are parallel with and the same
distance apart as the pivots (Figure 5) and are fixed, one above the other, to the
inside of a metal evlinder e, (Figures 1 and 3) of considerable diameter which
is placed upon the vessel below containing the petioleum
The lower one of the two forks described is provided with a prolongation on
the other side of the cone, and ends in a horizontal pin g which can rise and fall
in a vertical slot h in or upon the opposite side of the external cylinder a to that
to which the hinges d, date fixed, so that the axes of the cylinder and the
cone a, coincide A pin provided with a handle p outside, tuins in a hole in the
external cylinder, and is provided with a curved excentric am having a slot
of corresponding shape, in which the end of the pin g upon the prolongation of
the fork works, so that when the handle is turned the fork is raised or lowered,
carrying with it the system consisting of the outer cone a and the interior
cvlinder b the height of which can, therefore be exactly adjusted (see Figure 5).
The burner of the encular oil holder below, is cylindrical, and has a central
air passage, a cylindrical wick passing up between the internal and external
tubes of the burner, which resembles ordinary burners of the kind, except that
the upper ends of the tubes which form it are bent over horizontally for a short
distance, the inner one u inwards, and the outer one v outwards, (Figure 1), so
that they form two angular supports, which when the vaporizer is lowered,
receive the lower edges of the outer truncated cone a and of the inner cylinder b,
which compose the vaporizer respectively.
The turned our edges of the outer cylinder 18 turned up at its outer edge so
as to prevent any current of external air from penetrating to the interior of the
truncated cone.
The action of the apparatus is as follows
The vaporizer is raised about a centimetre, and the wick m is lighted The
vaporizer 18 then lowered, until its lower end is nearly in contact with the burner
(as shewn in Figure 1) and after a moment it is brought down into contact with
the latter, and the wick is raised
The annular space which is produced by the presence of the central cylinder,
can receive only a small quantity of air, so that the vapours disengaged from
the wick as soon as they are sufficiently abundant, cannot burn there completely
Consequently there are formed on the inner surfaces of the cylinder and the cone,
two thin layers of flame, between which passes, and becomes heated in passing,
the remainder of the vapours which burn in the fire au above, and below the
vessel which it is desued to heat Contained between the current of very hot
air which comes from the cylinder and the current of exterior an outside the
cone, they are completely consumed without discolouring the sides of the vessel
The useful effect of this combustion may be increased by fitting in the upper

page_text: end of the outer cvlinder, and a little above the upper end of the cone, a lori-
zontal plater (Figures 1 and 2) having a circular central openings of a diameter
somewhat greater than that of the upper end of the cone
The current of an which passes through the annular space s (Figure 2) between
the edge of this hole and the top of the cone, confines the flame and concentiates
their action upon the vessel
When the bottom of the vessel to be heated 18 of large dimensions, the plate r
last described may have substituted for it one r somewhat differently shaped
(Figures 3 and 4) This plate is slightly coned downward, and its central
opening surrounds closely, but so as not to touch it the upper edge of the cone
of the vaporizer It is pierced (as shewn in Figure 4) with Buitable number
of holes of a diameter of about three or four millemeties By reducing the
current of exterior air it increases the draught in the interior of the vaporizer,
and especially of the cylinder The flame is consequently duected houzontally,
and has a greater intensity.
In vaporizers of large size, a cylindrical casing y fixed outside the truncated
cone a, prevents the return of the flame
The proportions of the apparatus may be varied more or less In height, for
instance, it 18 only necessary that it should not be inconveniently great, but that
there should be sufficient draught to prevent the vapours from passing back to
the exteno, though the holes descubed
It might be made of less height and with a smaller wick, or of greater height
with a larger wich, especially if it were needed to be used as a heating stove.
In the same way the holes may be made smaller but more numerous, or on the
other hand, less numerous but larger
.
Oi again, their number might be increased while retaining their size, or then
diameter increased whilst retaining their number, if with a quicker combustion
it were desired to obtain a greater heat of the interior of the vaporizer, and con-
Bequently a more abundant disengagement of vapour
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18.-
1 A vaporizer consisting essentially of two concentric metal plates, pierced
with holes, and having between them an annular space into the lower end of
which the wick can entet, and in which the vapours given off from this wick
pass and are further heated between the layers of flame which are formed on
the surface of the perforated plates, and then buin in the free air. under the
Tessel which is to be heated, between two currents of an, the current of air
outside the vaporizer and the current of heated an inside from the cential
tube
2 A plater serving to restrict the flame by increasing at its base the action
of the exterior current of an, and increase its effect upon the bottom of the
vessel, when the latter is of small size
3 A plater perforated with holes, and having a central opening fitting freely,
but sufficiently closely 1ound the exterior chamber of the vaporizer, and serving
to merease the action of the central current of an whilst diminishing that of
the exterior current. so as to obtain a more extended flame when vessels of
greater diameter are to be heated
D
1000