Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Jan., 1887.
Complete Left, 17th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 29th Apr., 1887.
from Wood Pulp, Straw Pulp, or Rag Pulp by Pressure.
I ANTON ANDERSSON of 3 Heath Mount, Heath Street, Hampstead in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The pulp employed in this manufacture is mixed with water and with paste,
vegetable glue or other suitable binding substance so as to increase its adhesion. This
dissolved mass is then poured into a bottom mould and a felt or other porous wad
placed on it. The upper part of the mould is then placed on it and subjected to heavy
pressure. The upper part of the mould has a flange which fits well all round the
circumference of the lower part and the water will be squeezed out all round or fine
holes may be provided in places all round between the flange and the lower part of
the mould. According to a modification I may first run in a certain quantity of
mechanically made pulp then put on the wad and upper part of the mould and after
application of pressure and removal of upper part of mould and of the wad I place a
sheet of millboard or the like made from chemically prepared pulp previously coated
with paste on its underside on the top or back of the already moulded article I then
replace the wad put on the top part of the mould and subject it to pressure again
whereby the millboard will be cut off all round the flange. This mode of manufacture
produces a stronger article. The mould may be placed on a wheeled carriage for
conveniently running it in and out of the press. After removal out of the press I
run or place the bottom part of the mould containing the moulded article on to a
hollow iron tablo or slab which is heated by steam or on to or into other suitable
drying apparatus. The interior of the mould if made of iron or steel is by preference
coated or prepared so as to resist rust. In many cases the moulds may advantageously
be made of brass.
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page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Ornamental and other Articles
from Wood Pulp, Straw Pulp, or Rag Pulp by Pressure.
I, ANTON ANDERSSON of 3 Heath Mount Heath Street Hampstead in the County of
Middlesex Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
According to this improved manufacture I mix with the paper pulp (by preference
made from wood or straw and obtained by chemical treatment of such like materials
water in such a quantity as to form a thin porridge containing about 80 or 85 per
cent of water fo this I add about 15 to 25 per cent of vegetable glue, paste or other
suitable binding substance for the purpose of giving adhesion. As an instance I may
compound a glue paste made from about 420 parts of water, 100 parts potato flour,
25 parts of caustic soda and 2 parts of caramel. The pulp flakes are first well ground
in water and the mixture is then mixed in a mixing trough with the glue and is then
ready for being poured into moulds.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a plan view and Figure 2 a vertical
cross section of a mould suitable for making a ceiling centre ornament or any other
circular ornament or article of use. The upper part A of the mould has a flange A
which fits well all round the circumference of the lower part B. C, C are steady pins
fixed in the upper part A and passing into corresponding holes in the lower part B.
D D D are hooks for lifting the upper part by, and L L are pegs on the lower part
of the mould for attaching lifting chains for moving the whole mould or the lower part
of same.
Figure 3 is a plan Figure 4 a longitudinal section and Figure 5 a cross section
through a mould for cornices mouldings and other articles of length. The construction
is otherwise similar to that of Figures 1 and 2, except that there are flanges A¹ on
the two sides only, none being needed at the ends.
Figure 6 is a side view and Figure 7 a plan of a hydraulic press and parts con-
nected therewith for conveniently pressing the pulp in the moulds and for drying the
pressed articles thus produced.
The dissolved mass or gluey pulp having been poured into the bottom part B. of a
mould such as the mould I on Figure 6 a felt or other porous wad is placed on the
pulp in the bottom mould B. The upper part A. of the mould 1 is then placed on it.
I then lift the mould onto a wheeled carrriage E by means of a Weston pulley
block F or other gear suspended from a carriage G running on rails H and having
disconnected the mould from the block I run the carriage E with its filled mould
on into the press so that the carriage rests on the ram table I. The ram is now forced
up by the hydraulic pressure whereby the pulp is strongly compressed while the water
is squeezed out all round between the flange A' and the lower mould B. The press
rain having been lowered the mould 1 on its carriage is run out of the press, and
lifted onto the drying table or slab K (which is hollow and heated by steam). The
wad and the upper part A are now removed and after an hour or so the pressed article
can be removed from the lower part B of the mould. The finished article may be

page_text: rendered harder or decorated by coating it with any suitable colour or varnish. It is
convenient to have a drying table on two sides of the press. 2 and 3 represent open
moulds containing pressed articles being dried. A pressure of 150 to 300 tons on the
press ram is suitable for ceiling ornaments and the like.
According to a modification I first run in a certain quantity of mechanically made
pulp then put on the wad and the upper part A of the mould and after application of
pressure I remove the upper part A of the mould and the wad. I then place a sheet
of mill board or the like (made from chemically prepared pulp) which has previously
been coated with paste on its underside, onto the top or back of the already moulded
article. I then replace the wad, put on the top part A of the mould and subject it
to pressure again, whereby the millboard will be formed into the shape of the com-
pressed pulp, glued onto it and cut off all round by the flange A¹. This mode of
manufacture produces a stronger articles, but takes longer time to make and to dry
than if chemically made pulp only is used and one pressing operation as firstly
described.
Instead of the hollow table A. I may use any other suitable drying apparatus. The
interior of the mould if made of iron or steel is by preference coated or prepared so
as to resist rust. In many cases, for small articles, the moulds may advantageously
be made of brass. In order to properly apply the cornices made as described I gauge
them in a line by means of string pulled tight and nail a narrow wooden moulding
onto the wall and into the cornice pieces which latter it will be seen from Figure 4
are made to halve into each other at the end. There may also be a wooden moulding
at top which is then nailed to the ceiling or the cornice is fixed to the ceiling
without such wood moulding.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First In the manufacture of ornamental and other articles from paper pulp by
heavy pressure the employment of strong metallic top and bottom moulds the former
having a flange or flanges A¹ for cutting off the circumference, and a felt or other
suitable porous wad substantially as described.
Second-The manufacture of ornamental and other articles by first applying heavy
pressure to mechanically made paper pulp while employing strong metallic top and
bottom mould and a felt or other suitable porous wad, then removing the upper part
of the mould and the wad, then placing upon the pressed article produced a piece of
millboard made from chemically prepared pulp and coated with glue or binding
material on the under side and then replacing the wad and applying pressure again
for moulding and affixing the millboard and cutting it off all round substantially as
described.
Third: The improved manufacture of ornamental and other articles from paper
pulp mixed with binding material by the employment of strong moulds and heavy
pressure substantially in the manner set forth."