IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR LAMPS BURNING HYDROCARBON OILS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Defries, of the Firm of Jonas Defries and
Sons, of No. 147, Houndsditch, in the County of Middlesex, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR LAMPS BURNING
HYDROCARBON OILS."
Sealed the 15th December 1874, and dated the 22nd June 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Defries at the
Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd June 1874.
I, HENRY DEFRIES, of the Firm of Jonas Defries and Sons, of No.
147, Houndsditch, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR LAMPS
BURNING HYDROCARBON OILS;" to be as follows :-
:-
My improvements consist,-
Firstly. In constructing a burner with two or more circular, conical,
and concentric wick cases or holders, whereby two or more circular
concentric flames are produced by means of a single flat wick within
each case.

page_text: Secondly. In placing the buttons or knobs raising and lowering the
two or more flat wicks upon spindles, one within the other, so that they
may be grasped together to raise the wicks simultaneously or be used
separately.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing illustrates a burner embodying
my Invention, Figure 1 representing a general view or elevation of the
burner, with portion of wicks attached.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the burner with gallery and wicks removed;
Figure 3 is a section through same; Figure 4 represents a plan or top
view of Figure 2; and Figure 5, an inverted plan of Fig. 3, shewing
general arrangement of winding gear, as also of wick holders. .
A is the case or holder for the outer wick.
The combination of two flat wicks brought up to the point of com-
bustion in the form of two concentric circular wicks will be found an
economical and convenient arrangement. The inner wick D consumes
very little oil, and the effect of its combination with B is to give more
perfect combustion than obtainable by a single circular wick or by two
flat wicks curved to produce a single circular ring of flame.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Defries in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
DEFRIES, of the Firm of Jonas Defries and Sons, of No. 147, Hounds-
ditch, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Henry Defries, Her special lisence, that I,
the said Henry Defries, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Henry Defries, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR LAMPS
BURNING HYDROCARBON OILS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Henry Defries, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar.
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Defries, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My improvements consist,-
Firstly. In constructing a burner with two circular, conical, and

page_text: Secondly. In placing the buttons or knobs, raising and lowering the
two or more flat wicks upon spindles, one within the other, so that they.
may be grasped together to raise the wicks simultaneously or be used
separately.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing illustrates burners embodying
my Invention; Figure 1 representing a general view or elevation of a
burner, with portion of wicks attached.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the same burner with gallery and wicks
removed; Figure 3 is a section through same; Figure 4 represents a
plan or top view of Figure 2; Figure 5, an inverted plan of Figure 3,
shewing general arrangement of winding gear, as also of wick holders;
Figure 6 is an inverted plan shewing modification of Figure 5; and
Figure 7, an inverted plan showing winding gear operated by two
spindles not working one within the other.
By altering the position of the lower end of inner tube or wick holder
C the wheels a, b, Figure 6, can be brought to an angle to grip the outer
wick nearer the centre of the circular holder than illustrated.
It will be understood that the position and angle of the wheels a, b,
and spindles E¹, F¹, Figure 7, may also be modified if found desirable.
My combination of two flat wicks brought up to the point of com-
bustion in the form of two concentric circular wicks will be found an

page_text: economical and convenient arrangement, flat wicks being cheaper and
much more easily fitted than circular ones. The inner wick D consumes
very little oil, and the effect of its combination with B is to give more
perfect combustion than obtainable by a single circular wick or by two
flat wicks curved to produce a single ring of flame.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is or may be performed, I would have it
understood that I do not limit myself to any particular dimensions of
wick or wick cases, nor confine myself to the precise mechanical means
of raising and lowering the wicks herein set forth and illustrated upon
the annexed Sheet of Drawing, as they might be operated by other
known mechanical means, but that I claim as secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,-
Firstly. The use in burners for burning hydrocarbon oils of two flat
wicks combined and operated substantially as herein-before set forth, so
as to present at the point of combustion two concentric circular wicks
giving two concentric rings of flame.
Secondly. The use in burners for burning hydrocarbon oils of spindles
one within the other, substantially as herein set forth and illustrated,
Figures 5 and 6, for operating the two flat wicks within their respective
circular wickholders.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Defries, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Twenty-first day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.