Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines, part of same being applicable to Steam Engines and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 11th Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines, part of same being
applicable to Steam Engines and the like.
I, MICHAEL HOLROYD SMITH, of 161 Trinity Road, Upper Tooting in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
My invention relates to improvements in gas and oil engines part of same being
applicable to steam engines and the like.
I will describe my invention with reference to an oil engine. In such an engine.
I employ two cylinders and so arrange the parts as to obtain an impulse at each
revolution of the crank shaft the cylinders effecting an impulse alternately. To this
end I cause the pistons of both cylinders to drive a single crank and for this
purpose employ a twin or forked connecting rod attached at one end to both of
the pistons and at the other end to a single crank, the connecting rod being thus
common to both pistons and the crank. Or in place of using a single connecting
rod I may employ a rod for each piston bent cranked or angled so as to work the
single crank.
The two cylinders are controlled by a revolving valve worked from a spindle
which is driven by gearing or otherwise from some rotating part. This valve works
in a valve box in which are formed a part of the passages to the cylinders which
serve for the supply of explosive mixture and exhaust the box being water jacketed
so that the passages and valve are kept cool. The valve has double walls in parts
and ports which correspond with the passages in the valve box.
Situated preferably beneath the valve and arranged around same is a vapour jet
which may consist of a circular chamber having an opening or orifices therein
somewhat similar to an Argand burner, which opening or openings are adjustable
by altering the position of the walls of the chamber with respect to each other.
This chamber receives the gas or vapour from the vaporizer, (a suitable valve being
provided between the two to regulate the amount passing) and passes it into the
hollow space between the walls of the valve the rush of vapour drawing in air
around the vapour jet which supply of air may be regulated by adjusting the space
through which it passes the adjustment being preferably effected by means of a
screwed collar having a conical opening which corresponds with the conical sides
of the vapour jet.
The vaporizing chamber is preferably formed as a separate casting and consists of
an outer chamber into which the oil is pumped and a passage or pipe through same
in which is situated electric sparking points and in which the explosion takes place
and through which the exhaust also passes, the heat transmitted to the walls of the
pipe by the explosion and exhaust being sufficient to vapourize the oil in the outer
chamber. More than one of these chambers may be employed if desired the vapour
formed in one being passed to the second so as to be further rarified. The
vapourizing chamber may have a snifting valve in connection with the atmosphere
to allow of the vapour being withdrawn from the chamber or it may have a long.
turned down pipe which is open at the bottom to the atmosphere for the same
purpose. It is preferably made in parts or with doors for the purposes of cleaning
and is provided with a pipe for the exit of surplus oil.

page_text: The oil pump piston rod is worked by a connecting rod operated by some moving
part and this piston rod at the opposite end to the pump piston controls a double
action piston valve working in a chamber situated on the vapourizing pipe and
between the vapourizer and vapour. jet. This valve consists of an upper and
lower solid piston portion between which is a reduced neck or port which when
opposite passages forming a portion of the vapourizing pipe allows the vapour to pass
to the jet, though the passages are blocked alternately when the valve is reciprocated
by the upper and lower solid portions alternately.
The piston rod between the piston valve and pump piston has a collar affixed to
it and a loose sleeve to which the connecting rod is attached. The sleeve carries
a catch which engages with the collar so that the connecting rod will reciprocate the
piston rod until the speed of the engine becomes excessive when a governor
(preferably operated by the spindle working the valve for the cylinders) places a
trip device in the way of the catch thus removing same from the collar with the
result that the loose sleeve moves up and down the piston rod without operating
same until the catch again comes into engagement with the collar.
The governor is arranged to operate a sliding collar or similar device on the
valve spindle against the action of a spring which collar through an adjustable link
or links is connected to the trip device which may be in the form of a pivoted
catch or lever.
The oil pump valves which control the suction and delivery of the oil may
consist of a ball working loosely on a seat the suction valve seat being surrounded
by a slotted or perforated retaining wall which permits the liquid to pass as the
ball rises and prevents the ball obstructing the free passage of the liquid.
The amount of oil drawn into the pump is regulated by a screwed spindle which
is adapted to open and close a bye pass between the oil reservoir and the pump so
that if the pump is taking too much oil the bye pass may be opened to allow a
portion to be returned to the reservoir. The ball valves above described and their
seats are removeable from the casing and the spindle valve last described preferably
passes through an opening in the seat or passage way of the suction valve. It will
be evident that the arrangement of connecting rods may be adapted to steam engines
and the like and that the oil pump may be employed as a boiler feed pump in
connection with a steam engine.
Dated this 11th day of Jan 1906
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicant.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines, part of same being applicable
to Steam Engines and the like.
I, MICHAEL HOLROYD SMITH, of 161 Trinity Road, Upper Tooting in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in gas and oil engines part of same being 4
applicable to steam engines and the like.
1 will describe my invention with reference to an oil engine and to clearly
explain same reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a front elevation. Figure 2 a side view of the engine.

page_text: Figure 3 a detached view of the twin or forked connecting rod,
Figure 4 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of the valve, vapour jet and
surrounding parts, Figure 5 is a plan view of same on line z z,
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of the oil pump, piston valve in the vapour circuit.
and connected parts, Figure 7 is a side view of same,
Figure 8 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of the vapourizing and ignition
chambers, Figure 9 is an end view of same, and
Fig. 10 is a cross section on line y y of Figure 8.
In such an engine I employ two cylinders 1 and 2 and so arrange the parts as
to obtain an impulse at each revolution of the crank shaft 3 the cylinders effecting
an impulse alternately. To this end I cause the pistons of both cylinders to drive
a single crank and for this purpose employ a twin or forked connecting rod 4
attached at the forked end to both of the pistons and at the other end to a single
crank, the connecting rod being thus common to both pistons and the crank. Or in
place of using a single connecting rod I may employ a rod for each piston bent
cranked angled so as to work the single crank.
The pistons in the two cylinders 1 & 2 are controlled by a revolving valve 5
worked from a spindle 6 which is driven by gearing 7 & 8 or otherwise from the
main crank shaft. This valve works in a valve box 11 in which are formed_a.
part of the passages 9 and 10 to the cylinders 1 and 2 which serve for the supply
of the explosive mixture and for the exhaust, the valve box being water jacketted
at 12, so that the passages and valve 5 are kept cool. The valve has double-
walls 13 and 14 in parts and ports which correspond with the passages in the valve box.
Situated preferably beneath the valve and arranged around same is a vapour jet
which may consist of a circular chamber 15 having an opening or orifices therein
somewhat similar to an Argand burner which opening or openings. are adjustable
by altering the position of the walls of the chamber with respect to each other, say
by means of screw thread 16. This chamber 15 receives the gas or vapour from
the vaporizers 17 and 18 through a regulating valve 19, and passes it into the hollow
space between the walls 13 and 14 of the valve 5, the suction at the same time drawing
in air around the vapour jet 15, which supply of air may be regulated by adjusting
the space through which it passes the adjustment being preferably effected by means.
of a screwed collar 20 having a conical opening which corresponds with the conical
sides of the vapour jet.
The vaporizing chambers 17 and 18 are preferably formed as a separate casting.
and consist of an outer chamber 21, into which the oil is pumped through the pipe 22
Figure 1 and a passage or pipe 23 through same in which is situated electric
sparking points 24. (or an ordinary ignition tube heated by a lamp as usual may be.
employed) and in which the explosion takes place and through which the exhaust 40.
also passes the heat transmitted to the walls of the pipe by the explosion and exhaust
being sufficient to vapourize the oil in the outer chamber 21. More than one of these-
chaubers may be employed if desired the vapour formed in one, say in 18, being
passed to the second 17 by means of pipe 25 so as to be further rarified. The
vapourizing chamber may have a snifting valve in connection with the atmosphere-to-
allow of the vapour being withdrawn from the chamber or it may have a long turned
down pipe 26, which is open at the bottom to the atmosphere for the same purpose..
The vaporizer is preferably made in parts or with doors for the purposes of cleaning
and is provided with a pipe 41 for the exit of surplus oil.
The oil pump plunger 27 is worked by a connecting rod 28, operated by some
moving art and this rod at the opposite end to the pump plunger 27 controls a
double action piston valve 29, working in a chamber situated on the vapour pipe
and between the second vapourizer 17 and vapour jet 15. The valve consists of an
upper and lower solid piston portion 29 between which is a reduced neck or port.
which when opposite passages 31 forming a portion of the vapour circuit allows the
vapour to pass to the jet 15 though the passages are blocked alternately when the.
valve is reciprocated.
The rod between the piston valve 29 and pump plunger 27 has a collar 32:

page_text: affixed to it and a loose sleeve 33 to which the connecting rod 28 is attached. The
sleeve 33 carries a catch 34 which engages with the collar so that the connecting
rod 28 will reciprocate the rod 27 until the speed of the engine becomes excessive
when a governor (preferably operated by the spindle 6 working the valve for the
cylinders) places a trip device 35 and 36 in the way of the catch 34 thus removing
same from the collar 32 with the result that the loose sleeve 33 moves up and down
the rod 27 without operating same until the catch 36 is withdrawn from
engagement with 34 which will then again come into engagement with the
collar 32.
The oil pump valves which control the suction and delivery of the oil may consist
of a ball working loosely on a seat the suction valve seat 37 being surrounded by
a slotted or perforated retaining wall 38 which permits the liquid to pass as the ball
rises and prevents the ball obstructing the free passage of the liquid.
The amount of oil forced out of the pump is regulated by a screwed spindle 39
which is adapted to open and close a bye pass.or return 42 between the oil reser-
voir and the pump so that if the pump is discharging too much oil into the
vaporizer the bye pass may be opened to allow a portion to be returned to the
reservoir through pipe 43. The ball valves above described and their seats are
removeable from the casing and the spindle valve last described preferably. passes
through an opening in the seat or passage way of the suction valve.
It will be evident that the arrangement of connecting rods may be adapted to
steam engines and the like and that the oil pump may be employed as a boiler feed
pump in connection with a steam engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In gas oil or other motor engines or the like a twin or forked connecting rod
adapted to work from two or more cylinders on to a common crank substantially as
described.
2. In gas or oil engines a revolving valve and vapour nozzle arranged and
operating substantially as set forth.
3. In oil or vapour engines the improved vapourizer constructed and arranged
substantially as set forth.
4. In oil or other engines the compound pump and gas or like valve arranged and
adapted to operate substantially as set forth.
5. In oil or other engine pumps the improved arrangement of suction and delivery
and return valves substantially as set forth.
6. In oil or vapour engines and in combination an oil supply to one or more
vapourizers a return for the vapour through a regulating valve, a vapour jet and
valve in communication with the ignition chambers and through them with the
cylinders all substantially as set forth.
7. The improved oil or vapour engine constructed and operating substantially as
described.
Dated the 10th day of October 1896
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56 Chaucery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicant.