Improvements in and connected with Photographic Printing.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1898
4000
Improvements in and connected with Photographic Printing.
I, THOMAS MANLY, of 140, Haverstock Hill, London, in the County of Middle-
sex, Book-keeper and Cashier, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
A photographic printing paper giving on exposure under a negative an image
of manganese dioxide.
PREPARATION.
To a solution of a bichromate salt is added sulphate or chloride of manganese
together with a suitable preservative such as boric acid or sulphate of magnesium.
MANUFACTURE.
Paper or any suitable material is floated on, or brushed over with, a solution
prepared as described above and dried. On exposure under a negative a brown
image is formed. The unchanged bichromate, manganese and other salts are
washed out with water leaving an impression or image of manganese dioxide.
The uses to which the paper thus prepared & printed can be applied are as
follows:-
(a) If the print be brushed over with a solution of gelatine, gum or other col-
loid substance in which pigment is incorporated and dipped in a weak solution
of acetic acid, hydroquinone & bromide of potassium or of acetic acid & pyro-
gallol & then left to dry, an image in pigmented gelatine can be developed by
hot water, or the solution of gelatine gum or other colloid substance can be mixed
in the above mentioned acetic solutions before being brushed over the print.
(b) If a suitable paper coated with pigmented gelatine such as that commonly
called carbon tissue, is soaked for a few minutes in a solution of acetic acid
hydroquinone & bromide of potassium or of acetic acid and pyrogallol &
squeegeed on to the print & left to dry, the print will, on development with hot
water give an image in pigmented gelatine.
(c) If the paper or other suitable material, prepared, printed & washed as in-
dicated, be treated with a solution of aniline, phenol or other salt giving color
by oxidation & to which a small quantity of sulphuric, hydrochloric or nitric
acid is added, it will give an image in color which can be controlled by adding
other substances.
1000
Improvements in and connected with Photographic Printing.
I, THOMAS MANLY, of 140, Haverstock Hill, London, in the County of Middle-
sex, Book-keeper and Cashier, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
Price 8d.1

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement.
My invention has for its object improvements in the production of photo-
graphic pictures or images in pigment or in the aniline or other chemical colors.
In carrying my invention into effect I proceed according to the following
method, that is to say, I coat in any convenient way paper or other suitable
material with an aqueous solution (which I shall hereafter refer to as the sensi-
tizing solution) containing the following ingredients namely, the bichromate
salts or chromic acid or other similar light-sensitive compounds of chromium,
manganous sulphate or manganous chloride or other manganous salts and a pre-
servative such as boric acid and aluminium sulphate or alum, mixed together
in suitable proportions.
In place of the above mentioned salts of manganese, the cupric, cobaltous and
nickel salts and other metallic salts capable of giving oxides on exposure to light
in presence of the light sensitive compounds of chromium may be used. After
the paper or other material thus prepared and rendered sensitive to light has
been dried, it is exposed to light under a negative or other screen producing a
brown positive image in manganic oxide or manganese dioxide. The printed
paper or other material is cleared of all the unchanged salts hy washing in water
and will be hereinafter referred to as the print.
In order to produce a picture or image in pigment I adopt either of the follow-
ing methods.
1 I take paper coated with pigmented gelatine commonly called carbon tissue
and proceed as follows:-
I dip the carbon tissue for about one minute and a half or thereabout in a weak
solution of acetic acid and hydroquinone or of acetic acid, hydroquinone and ferrous
sulphate which I will hereafter refer to as the acetic solution. At the expiration
of one and a half minutes or thereabout I take the washed print and, having
given it a coating of a two per cent. solution of gelatine. I plunge it under the
surface of the acetic solution and bring it in contact with the surface of the car-
bon tissue. I then draw the print (with the carbon tissue clinging thereto) out
of the solution and squeegee them together on a flat surface. After surface dry-
ing, they are hung up to dry. When quite dry I place the print with its
adherent carbon tissue in cold water for about half an hour, it is then ready for
development which is performed by placing it in water at a temperature of 43
degrees Centigrade or thereabout, removing the backing of the carbon tissue and
washing away those parts not rendered insoluble by the action of the manganic
oxide thus giving an image in pigmented gelatine.
2. Or I coat the washed and dried print with a hot solution of pigmented or
colored gelatine using preferably such a solution as is used in the preparation
of carbon tissue, and as soon as the gelatine coating is dry I dip the print thus
treated for about one minute in the acetic solution above referred to, I now hang
the pigmented print up to dry and when thoroughly dry I develope the image
by dissolving in water at a temperature of 43 degrees Centigrade or thereabout,
those portions of the gelatine coating not rendered insoluble by the action of the
manganic oxide.
In order to produce an image in aniline colors I dip the washed, print in the
following solution
Aniline hydrochloride
about 20 aram mas

page_text: Other substances such as various phenol derivatives and amido phenols giving
color on oxidation will produce colored images.
In preparing the sensitizing solution mentioned above I use by preference the
following formula, coating the material twice with same.
The undermentioned solutions are first prepared separately;-
A. A saturated aqueous solution of potassium bichromate to which has been
added as much boric acid as it will dissolve at a temperature of 16 degrees Centi-
grade or thereabout.
B. Manganous sulphate
C. Manganous chloride
D. Aluminium sulphate
-
E. Dextrine or gum arabic
25 parts to 100 parts distilled water.
25
100
do.
33
"
"
25
100
do.
35
"
"
do.
1 part to 2 parts
To make a solution for sensitizing paper or other material the above men-
tioned solutions are mixed in the following proportions: -
-
Other reducing agents may be used in place of the hydroquinone such as pyro-
gallol in some cases.
In the case of prints to be subsequently treated with pigmented gelatine in
the form of carbon tissue I claim the following advantages over other similar
known processes namely:-
-
1. The image is visible during the progress of printing and when washed is
permanent.
2. The picture being produced on the material where it will permanently
remain does not become reversed in the operation as in the present method of car-
bon printing.
3. No precaution need be taken to guard against the edges of the picture
washing up during development.
4. As it is necessary that the chromic salts should be thoroughly washed out
of the print before development, the hands of the operator do not come in contact
with any deleterious solution.
5. No insoluble gelatine is necessary on the material to be sensitized.
In case of prints treated with analine and other similar salts I claim the advan-
tage of simplicity of production and novelty.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the proportions of the
various working formulæ above stated but alter them in various ways to suit the
desired result.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
:-
1. A solution containing one or more of the light-sensitive compounds of chro-

page_text: mium in conjunction with one or more of the manganous salts for the prepara-
tion of a light sensitive surface for the production of photographic images
substantially as herein described, and for the purpose stated.
2 A suitable material such as paper rendered sensitive to light by the applica-
tion of a solution containing one or more of the light-sensitive compounds of
chromium in conjunction with one or more of the manganous salts for the pro-
duction of photographic images substantially as herein described, and for the
purpose stated.
3 The production of photographic images in pigmented or colored gelatine by
exposing the sensitive material described in Claim Two under a negative or other
screen to obtain a print, fixing such print by washing it in water to remove the
unchanged salts drying the same and bringing it in contact with pigmented
gelatine in a solution containing acetic acid and a reducing agent such as hydro-
quinone drying again and developing the image by dissolving in hot water those
portions of the pigmented gelatine which have not been rendered insoluble by
the action of the oxide constituting the image, substantially as herein set forth.
4 The production of photographic images in pigmented or colored gelatine by
exposing the sensitive material described in Claim Two under a negative or other
screen to obtain a print, fixing such print by washing it in water to remove the
unchanged salts, drying the same, coating it with a hot solution of pigmented
gelatine, allowing the same to dry, dipping the print thus treated in a solution
containing acetic acid and a reducing agent such as hydroquinone drying again
and developing the image by dissolving in hot water those portions of the pig-
mented gelatine which have not been rendered insoluble by the action of the
oxide constituting the image substantially as herein set forth.
5 The use of a sensitised paper or other material such as described in
Claim Two giving an image in metallic oxide on exposure to light for the pro-
duction of colored images by treatment with aniline and other salts capable of
giving color on oxidation substantially as herein described.
6 The production of photographic images in oxides by the exposure of a
surface rendered sensitive to light by the application of a solution containing
one or more of the light sensitive compounds of chromium in conjunction with
a metallic salt capable of being converted into an oxide by the action of light
on the sensitive chromium compounds, substantially as herein described and for
the purpose stated.
601
1000
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.