New or Improved Machinery for Aërating Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Machinery for Aërating Liquids.
We, SAMUEL WALKER, of Lower Fazeley Street Birmingham in the County
of Warwick Manufacturer, and SIDNEY STUART WALKER of Woodside, Knowle
in the County of Warwick Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of machinery or apparatus constructed as hereinafter
described the said machinery having for its object to effect the rapid and economical
aeration of small portions of liquids. Our invention is especially useful for the
rapid production of bottles of soda water and other aërated liquids but may be
employed for the aëration of liquids for various other purposes.
We will describe our invention in its application to the production of bottles of
soda water. A hollow horizontal axis closed at one end is mounted and turns in
bearings on two uprights fixed on the base of the machine. This axis carries at or
nearly at its middle a thick circular metallic disc having a series of preferably six
or twelve equidistant radial passages connected with the hollow axis and opening
at the periphery of the disc. The said axis also carries a drum or case open at
one side and concentric with the said disc. The size of this drum is such that when
the bottles containing the water to be aërated are placed in the machine with their
mouths on the openings in the disc, the bottoms of the bottles are supported on the
interior of the said drum the axes of the bottles being radii to the hollow axis.
The said drum is not cylindrical but is of somewhat larger radius at its open side,
at which the bottles are introduced than at its closed side, the curved face of the
drum being slightly conical. By this configuration the months of the bottles, as
the bottles are introduced into the machine, are pressed tightly on the disc.
The
openings in the disc against, which openings the mouths of the bottles are pressed,
are provided with india rubber or other elastic washers or plugs by which a tight
junction between the mouths of the bottles and the said openings is secured.
The liquid or compressed carbonic acid with which the water is to be impregnated
is contained in a steel or iron bottle situated preferably at the base of the machine
and connected by a pipe with the hollow axis. The hollow axis is provided
with a regulator for controlling the pressure of the gas as it passes from the
bottle or reservoir to the hollow axis. The said axis is also provided with a three
way cock or valve for relieving the pressure between the regulator and the bottles
when necessary.
The regulator and three way cock or valve may be situated at any point between
the bottle or reservoir and the hollow axis.
The apparatis is used as follows. The bottles being nearly filled with soda
water to be aërated are introduced into the drum at its open side, the mouths of
the bottles resting on the india rubber washers at the openings in the disc on the
hollow axis. As the bottles are pushed home their mouths are pressed forcibly to
their seats on the disc by the inclination of the interior of the drum against which
the bottoms of the bottles bear. Communication between the condensed or com-
pressed gas being opened the expanding gas controlled by the regulator and three
way cock passes through the hollow axis and central disc to the bottles, the soda
water in which is rapidly charged with carbonic acid gas. The drum is turned
slowly by hand so as to facilitate the absorption of the gas by the repeated
inversion of the bottles and consequent agitation of the soda water contained in
them. In the course of two or three minutes the contents of the whole of the
bottles are saturated with carbonic acid gas under pressure and communication

page_text: with the bottle of condensed or compressed gas being cut off the charged bottles
are removed from the machine.
The bottles we employ are of the well known kind which have internal stoppers
pressed to their seat in the neck of the bottle by the pressure in the interior of
the bottle.
Dated this wrth d
Ր
100
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
New or Improved Machinery for Aërating Liquids.
We SAMUEL WALKER of Lower Fazeley Street Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer and SIDNEY STUART WALKER of Woodside, Knowle,
in the County of Warwick, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained, in and by the following statement :—
Our invention consists of machinery or apparatus constructed as hereinafter
described, the said machinery having for its object to effect the rapid and economical
aëration of small portions of liquids. Our invention is especially useful for the
rapid production of bottles of soda water and other aërated liquids but may be
employed for the aëration of liquids for various other purposes.
We will describe our invention in its application to the production of bottles of
soda water. A hollow horizontal axis closed at one end is mounted and turns in
bearings on two uprights fixed on the base of the machine. This axis carries at
or nearly at its middle a thick circular metallic disc having a series of preferably,
six or twelve, equidistant radial passages connected with the hollow axis and
opening at the periphery of the disc. The said axis also carries a drum or case
open at one side and concentric with the said disc. The size of this drum is such
that when the bottles containing the water to be aërated are placed in the machine
with their mouths in the openings in the disc the bottoms of the bottles are
supported on the interior of the said drum, the axes of the bottles being radii to
the hollow axis. The said drum is not cylindrical but is of somewhat larger radius
at its open side, at which the bottles are to be introduced than at its closed side,
the curved face of the drum being slightly conical. By this configuration the
mouths of the bottles as the bottles are introduced into the machine are pressed
tightly on the disc. Or the bottoms of the bottles may bear against spring seats
inside the drum for pressing their mouths tightly in the disc. The openings in the
disc against which openings the mouths of the bottles are pressed, are provided
with india rubber or other elastic washers or plugs by which a tight junction
between the mouths of the bottles and the said openings is secured.
The liquid or compressed carbonic acid with which the water is to be impregnated
is contained in a steel or iron bottle connected by a pipe with the hollow axis.
Between the hollow axis and the bottle is a regulator for controlling the pressure
of the gas as it passes from the bottle or reservoir to the hollow axis. The said
axis is also provided with a three way cock or valve for relieving the pressure
between the regulator and the bottles when necessary. The regulator and three
way cock or valve may be situated at any point between the bottle or reservoir and
the hollow axis. The apparatus is used as follows. The bottles being nearly filled
with soda water to be aerated are introduced into the drum at its open side, the
mouths of the bottles resting on the india rubber washers at the openings in the
disc on the hollow axis. As the bottles are pushed home, their mouths are pressed
forcibly to their seats on the disc by the inclination of the interior of the drum
against which the bottoms of the bottles bear. Communication between the con-
densed or compressed gas being opened the expanding gas controlled by the
regulator and three way cock passes through the hollow axis and central disc to

page_text: the bottles the soda water in which is rapidly charged with carbonic acid gas. The
drum is turned slowly by hand so as to facilitate the absorption of the gas by the
repeated inversion of the bottles and consequent agitation of the soda water contained
in them. In the course of two or three minutes the contents of the whole of the
bottles are saturated or sufficiently charged with carbonic acid gas under pressure
and communication with the bottle of condensed or compressed gas being cut off
the charged bottles are removed from the machine.
The bottles we employ are of the well known kind which have internal stoppers
pressed to their seat in the neck of the bottle by the pressure in the interior of the
bottle.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
the manner in which our invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in longitudinal vertical section; Figures 2 and 3 represent
elevations taken at opposite sides and Figure 4 represents in cross section, machinery
for aërating liquids, the parts of the said machinery being constructed and arranged
and used according to our invention;
Figure 5 represents in longitudinal section; Figure 6 in cross section and
Figure 7 in plan a portion of the machinery drawn to a larger scale.
In Figure 7 the bottles and the elastic washers in the openings or depressions of
the disc are omitted.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is the hollow horizontal axis of the machine, turning in the bearings b, carried
by the frame or side uprights c, e the said axis and the parts fixed to it being
rotated by the winch or handle d. The passage in a portion of the hollow axis a is
marked a². Fixed to or made in one piece with the hollow axis a, is a thick
circular metallic disc e in depressions or seats in the periphery of which disc the
charged bottles g, g, the contents of which are to be aerated, are hermetically
seated as hereinafter described. The bottles, have internal stoppers of the
ordinary kind which are pressed to the seats in the necks of the bottles by the
gaseous pressure within the bottles as is well understood. In the said disc twelve
equi-distant seats (or other number of seats) are made and opening into each seat
is a radial passage h the inner end of which opens into the passage a² in the axis a
(see Figure 6). The hollow axis a, a carries a nearly cylindrical drum or case
open at one side and concentric with the disc e, the said drum being divided into
twelve compartments for receiving the charged bottles. The open side of the
drum is closed by a circular cover p within the rim of which the edge of the drum
turns the said cover being provided with a radial opening (see Figure 2). The
cover is capable of turning on the axis a by means of the sleeve p² (see Figure 6)
for the purpose hereinafter described. After the machine has been filled with the
charged bottles, the cover is fixed in such a position that its opening q is situated
opposite one of the side uprights e of the machine for the purpose of partly closing
the said opening and preventing the passage through it of broken pieces of glass
should a bottle or bottles near the said opening burst during the charging of it
or them with carbonic acid gas. The fixing of the cover p to one of the uprights c
is effected by the cross pin or cotter passed through a hole in the upright and
taking into a hole in the cover (see Figure 4). The openings, depressions or
seats in the disc e against which openings or seats the mouths of the bottles are
pressed, are each provided with one or more perforated india rubber or other elastic
washers at t. By means of the india rubber washer or washers at t a gas tight
junction between the necks of the bottles and the openings or seats in the disc is
secured as will be understood by an examination of Figures 5 and 6.
For the purpose of holding the bottles tightly in the compartments of the druin i
and to press the mouths of the bottles against the washers at t in the disc e the inner
face of the periphery of the drum at each of the compartments, is provided with a
spring seats consisting of an elastic strip of metal which can be pressed inwards
by the set screw u. After the mouths of the bottles y have been seated in the

page_text: openings or depressions in the disc'e'and the bottoms of the bottles made to bear
'against the elastic or spring seats s, the set screws are driven home so as.to force
inwards the said spring seats and consequently the bottles bearing against them.
The mouths of the bottles are thereby pressed tightly on the india rubber washers
att in the openings in the disc e and a gas tight junction thus secured between the
said mouths of the bottles and the openings in the disc as seen in Figures 5 and 6.
Other ways than that described may be used for producing a gas tight joint.
Instead of the spring or elastic seats and set screws u, the inner face of the
drum may be made slightly conical or inclined for the same purpose.
In this case
the mouths of the bottles are first introduced into the openings in the disc and
the bottoms of the bottles then made to bear against the slightly conical or inclined
inner surface of the disc so as to press the bottles inwards and cause their mouths
to be pressed tightly on the india rubber washers and form a gas tight junction.
The liquid or compressed carbonic acid contained in a steel or iron bottle is cou-
uected by the pipe, provided with the stuffing box a, with the hollow axis a, u²,
the said pipe being affixed to the bearings of the machine by the lug and screws
at. In connection with the pipe a is a regulator of the ordinary kind for con-
trolling the passage of the gas as it passes from the store bottle or reservoir to the
hollow axis. The connecting pipe .e is also provided with a three way cock y for
relieving the pressure between the regulator and charged bottles after they have
been impregnated with the carbonic acid gas. In connection with the plug of the
way cock y is a pipe or opening. When the three way cock is in the
position represented in Figures 6 and 7, the hollow axis a, a² is open to the supply
of carbonic acid gas. By turning the plug of the cock through a quadrant the gas
is: cut off from the hollow axis and the hollow axis and passages h put into com-
munication with the external air by the pipe or opening y².
three
.
The machinery or apparatus is used as follows:-
The loose cover p having been turned so as to bring the opening in it to
its lowest position, that is, to the position indicated at 2 Figure 2, the charged
bottles are inserted one at a time through the opening at 2 in the cover into
the several compartments of the drum the said drum being moved from time
to time so as to bring the several compartments in succession opposite the said
opening at 2. Each of the charged bottles is introduced mouth upwards into
the compartment of the drum and its mouth passed into the washered openings
or seats at in the disc and its bottom made to bear against the elastic scat s.
By then driving home the screw pin the elastic seat is slightly forced inwards
and the mouth of the bottle pressed forcibly upon the washers at t and a gas
tight junction formed. The drum may be conveniently rotated for filling its
compartments by taking hold of the set screws u. The drum having been filled
with the charged bottles of soda water or other liquid, the loose cover p is turned
into the position represented in Figure 2 and fixed in that position by the pin
or cotter at r so that one side of the fixed framing crosses and partly closes
the opening in the said cover, thereby preventing in case of the bursting of
the bottles, the scattering of the broken pieces of glass through the said opening.
After the drum i has been filled with the charged bottles and the cover fixed,
communication between the condensed-or compressed carbonic acid with the hollow
axis a, a² is opened by turning the three way cock y into the position represented
in Figure 6 and opening the regulator, and the gas passes through the said hollow
axis a, a² and passages in the disce to the bottles, which are rapidly charged
with carbonic acid gas, the drum during the charging of the bottles with the
carbonic acid gas being slowly turned by the winch or handle d so as to facilitate
the absorption of the gas by the repeated inversion of the bottles and the con-
sequent agitation of the soda water or other liquid contained in them. After the
contents of the several bottles have been saturated with carbonic acid gas, under
pressure, the three way cock y is turned so as to cut off the supply of carbonic acid
gas from the hollow axis and put the hollow axis and passages into communication
with the external air and thereby relieve the pressure on the mouths of the bottles

page_text: to facilitate their removal. The cover having been unfastened and turned so as.
to bring its opening into its highest position as indicated at 3 Figure 2, and
the set screws a being relaxed, the charged bottles are removed one at a time
from the compartments of the drum through the opening in the position 7³.
The machine may now be refilled with a fresh set of charged bottles and the
operations hereinbefore described are repeated.
Instead of using a loose cover p as represented in the drawing, a cover fixed
permanently to the legs or supports of the machine may be employed, the said
fixed cover being provided with openings at ², Figure 2, closed by doors.
Through these openings the charged bottles are introduced into and removed from
the drum.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim
as our invention;-
.
New or improved machinery for aërating liquids consisting of a hollow horizontal
axis (which can be put into or cut off from communication with the store of liquid
or compressed carbonic acid) provided with a strong disc having a series of equi-
distant radial passages connected with the said hollow axis and opening into
depressions or seats at the periphery of the disc, the said hollow axis also carrying
a nearly cylindrical drum or case open at one side and closed by a loose or fixed
cover into which drum the bottles charged with the soda water or liquid to be
aërated are placed and fixed in such a manner that the mouths of the bottles are
pressed tightly in the depressions or scats of the disc so as to form a gas tight
junction between the mouths of the bottles and the said depressions or seats, the
several parts of the machinery being constructed and arranged and used substan-
tially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Sixth day of March 1893.
SAMUEL WALKER.
SIDNEY STUART WALKER.