IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PULPING AND EXPRESSING JUICE FROM VEGETABLE SUB- STANCES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BEETLING, STAMPING, AND CRUSHING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Patterson, of Belfast, in the County of
Antrim, Ireland, Banker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PULPING AND EXPRESSING JUICE FROM VEGETABLE SUB-
STANCES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BEETLING, STAMPING,
AND CRUSHING MACHINES,"
Sealed the 29th December 1874, and dated the 10th October 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Patterson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th October 1874.
I, JOHN PATTERSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland,
Banker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PULPING AND EXPRESSING JUICE FROM VEGETABLE
SUBSTANCES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BEETLING, STAMPING,
AND CRUSHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in applying the machinery for ham-
mering, for which Letters Patent were granted to Alfred Vincent

page_text: Newton on the 24th day of March 1866, No. 872, to impart the requisite
motion to the stamps of machines, whereby vegetable substances are
pulped, and the juice expressed therefrom expeditiously, perfectly, and
with great economy of power.
In performing my said Invention the stamps are suspended to metal
springs, which are attached by connecting rods to a cam shaft actuated
by power. A parallel motion is secured by the employment of sliding
blocks, connecting rods, or other mechanical equivalents. The con-
necting rods or stamps, as the case may require, pass or work through
suitable guides.
The vegetable substances are brought under the action ot the stamps,
being passed through a trough or over a roller or fixed table of metal,
wood, or other suitable material, or on an endless web or otherwise, so
that the stamps deliver their blows on the substances in the most
effective and advantageous manner.
My Invention consists, secondly, of novel contrivances of shields and
a tray, being improvements in the construction of the machines, for
which Letters Patent were granted to me on the 27th day of February
1871, No. 527, or other machines of a similar description, whereby any
sparking or dropping of oil proceeding from the upper parts is effec-
tually and entirely prevented from reaching the material operated
upon.
In effecting this part of my said Invention I attach the upper edges
of short tubes of brass or other material to a swell on each of the said
connecting rods, which are thus surrounded by sheilds like inverted
cups, over which any spark or drop of oil must pass in its descent. I
construct of metal a long shallow rectangular open box or tray, the
bottom whereof is perforated with circular openings corresponding in
positions with those of the connecting rods, but of such a diameter as to
allow the said connecting rods to work freely through the same. Round
each of these openings I construct a rim or collar of sufficient height
and external diameter to permit the shields on the said connecting rods
to overlap them. The tray is secured in a horizontal position to the
sides of the machine so that there is but a slight clear space between
the lower edges of the shields on the connecting rods when in their
lowest position and the bottom surface of the tray. The shields both
in their highest and lowest positions thus overlap the said circular rims

page_text: in the tray, and any spark or drop descending falls into the tray, whence
it can be easily removed. By this arrangement the oil escaping from
the crank shaft drops on the shield, and then into the tray, thereby
proventing injury to the fabrics or other materials and economising the
oil.
The oil saving apparatus may be applied to other machines of the
like nature employed in stamping and crushing animal, vegetable, and
mineral substances.
In the machines for stamping, crushing, and beetling, for which
Letters Patent were granted to Alfred Vincent Newton and John
Patterson, as above referred to, it was found impossible to prevent the
oil from the crank shaft falling on the material under operation, and
consequently the application of these machines was limited to such
materials as would not be injured by the oil. Now the object of my
prevent Invention is by means of the oil saving apparatus above
described to prevent the oil falling on the material under operation,
and thereby to render these machines applicable to various other
purposes for which they were formerly inapplicable, namely, for
crushing sugar cane and other vegetable substances, for beetling textile
fabrics and fibres, and for stamping gold ore and other minerals.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said John Patterson in the Great Seal Patent Offico
on the 9th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
PATTERSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland, Banker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Patterson, Her special
licence that I, the said John Patterson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Patterson, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PULPING AND EXPRESSING JUICE FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES,
AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BEETLING, STAMPING, AND CRUSHING
MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Patterson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed:
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Patterson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
'
My Invention consists, firstly, in applying the machinery for ham-
mering, for which Letters Patent were granted to Alfred Vincent Newton
on the Twenty-fourth day of March 1866, Number 872, to impart the
requisite motion to the stamps of machines, whereby vegetable sub-
stances are pulped, and the juice or oil expressed therefrom, or powdered
or husked, according as the various substances require to be treated
expeditiously, perfectly, and with great economy of power.
In performing my said Invention the stamps a, shewn in Fig. 1 of
Sheet 1 of the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, are suspended to
metal springs b, which are attached by connecting rods c to an eccentric
or cam shaft d actuated by power. A parallel motion is secured by
the employment of sliding blocks, connecting rods, or other mechanical
equivalents. The connecting rods or stamps, as the case may require,
pass or work through suitable guides.
The vegetable substances are brought under the action of the stamps,
being passed through a trough or over a roller or grating, or fixed table,
of metal, wood, or other suitable material, or on an endless web, or in a
mortar, or otherwise, so that the stamps deliver their blows on the sub-
stances in the most effective and advantageous manner.
In Fig. 1 I have shewn the mode of applying my Invention to an
ordinary sugar cane crushing mill. The canes to be crushed are guided

page_text: by the trough e to the roller f, above which the stamps a work, these
stamps bruise and partially crush the canes, which are then carried
forward through the trough g to the ordinary crushing rollers A, i, and j,
by which the final crushing is effected.
The drops of oil from the eccentric shaft are prevented falling on the
sugar cane or other substance under operation by the apparatus forming
the second part of my Invention, and which will be described in
reference to Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, on Sheet 2.
This second part consists of novel contrivances of sheilds and a tray,
being improvements in the construction of the machines for which
Letters Patent were granted to me on the 27th day of February 1871,
Number 527, or other machines of a similar description, whereby any
sparking or dropping of oil proceeding from the upper parts is effectually
and entirely prevented from reaching the material operated upon.
In effecting this part of my said Invention I attach the upper edges
of the short tubes of brass or other material, marked c', to a swell on
each of the said connecting rods c, which are thus surrounded by shields
like inverted cups, over which any sparkle or drop of oil must pass in
its descent. I construct of metal or other suitable material a long
shallow rectangular open box or tray, marked k, the bottom whereof is
perforated with circular openings corresponding in' positions with those
of the connecting rods c, but of such a diameter as to allow the said
Round each of these
connecting rods to work freely through the same.
openings I construct a rim.or collar ¹ of sufficient height and external
diameter to permit the shields c³ on the said connecting rods to overlap
them. The tray is secured in a horizontal position to the sides of the
machine, so that there is but a slight clear space between the lower
edges of the shields c³ on the connecting rod ċ when in their lowest
position and the bottom surface of the tray. The shields both in their
highest and lowest positions thus overlap the said circular rims in the
tray, and any spark or drop descending falls into the tray, whence it
can he easily removed. By this arrangement the oil escaping from
the crank shaft drops on the shield, and then into the tray, thereby
preventing injury to the fabrics or other materials and economising
the oil.
The oil saving annaratus may be anplied to other machines of the

page_text: In the machines for (inter alia) stamping, crushing, and beetling, for
which Letters Patent were granted to Alfred Vincent Newton and John
Patterson, as above referred to, it was found impossible to prevent the
oil from the crank shaft falling on the material under operation, and
consequently the application of these machines was limited to such i
materials as would not be injured by the oil. Now the object of my
present Invention is by means of the oil saving apparatus above
described to prevent the oil falling on the material under operation, and
thereby to render these machines applicable to various other purposes
for which they were formerly inapplicable, namely, for crushing, 1
pulping, and expressing juice or oil from sugar cane, oil palm fruit,
cocoa nuts, olives, castor oil capsules and seeds, rape seed, and other
stalks, fruits, seeds, and roots, reducing to powder mustard seed and
other seeds and berries, and pulping or husking coffee berries, cocoa
fruit and beans, and other fruits, seeds, and roots, also for beetling 1
textile fabrics, yarns, and fibres, and for stamping gold ore and other
minerals.
I wish it to be understood that the arrangement of the machinery
shewn in Fig. 1 is only given as an illustration of the mode of applying
my Invention to the crushing or otherwise operating upon vegetable 2
or other substances, and it is evident that the details will vary according
to the nature of the substance to be operated upon.
Having now described my said Invention, and some of the modes of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,—
First. The application of machines wherein there is introduced 2
between the motive power and the striker a metal spring or other elastic
connections and links, or other flexible connections between the said
spring or other elastic connections and the said striker, to the purposes
described.
Secondly. The arrangements of such machines, as aforesaid, in con- 3
nection with the usual presses, or pressing and squeezing rollers, whether
the said machines operate on the vegetable substances before or after,
or both before and after the same vegetable substances have passed
through the said presses or pressing and squeezing rollers.
And, Thirdly. The application of the arrangement of shields and tray 36
to the machines for which the said Letters Patent were granted to me
on the 27th day of February 1871, Number 527, and other machines of a

page_text: like kind employed in stamping, crushing, pulping, powdering, and
husking mineral, animal, and vegetable substances, whereby the lubri-
cating oil is prevented dropping on the substances under operation.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Patterson, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Fifth day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-five.