IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS AND " G VALVES FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MACHINERY
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Shive, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
United States of America, now of No. 8, Southampton Buildings,
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS AND
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Shive at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th July 1871.
I, DAVID SHIVE, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of
America, now of No. 8, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS
AND GOVERNOR VALVES FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MACHINERY," to be as
follows:-
My said Invention of improvements in governors and governor valves
relates partly to devices which are chiefly designed to be used in con-
nection with the governor described in the Specification of an Invention

page_text: for which Letters Patent have been granted to George Haseltine, bear-
ing date the 15th day of May, A.D. 1866, No. 1379, but which are also
applicable to other governors and their valves.
The said Invention also relates to improvements whereby the principle
of construction described in the said former Specification is applied to a
marine engine governor.
My present improvements consist, first, in the construction and
application to the said formerly described apparatus of an automatic
safety check, which is designed to close the valve and stop the engine
in ease the governor should be accidentally disconnected therefrom by
the displacement or breaking of the driving belt, gear wheels, or other
parts.
The said improvements consist, secondly, in the combination with a
centrifugal ball governor of a peculiar regulating device whereby the
governor may be adjusted to allow the engine to run at any desired
speed.
The said improvements consist, thirdly, in the novel construction of
the valve and its chamber whereby I obtain a perfect balance of the
said valve and great durability of its surfaces.
And fourthly, in the peculiar arrangement of four balanced balls 1
around a spindle in combination with a counteracting spring.
In a pendulum governor as ordinarily constructed the pendulums and
valve are so connected that the distance between the points of connection
cannot be varied. Hence it follows that the valve must be open when
the balls are down, and closed as the balls fly up; and this action of
the governor is perfectly satisfactory so long as there is no derangement
of the governor or the driving mechanism or devices. If, however, the
driving belt or gear wheels should be broken or displaced, or from any
cause the governor should be disconnected from the engine, the valve
is opened to its full extent and the engine immediately "runs away,"
and in some cases serious accidents occur. I have, therefore, to prevent
any possibility of such accidents, devised my aforesaid safety check for
ensuring the automatic closing of the valve if the governor is discon-
nected during the working of the engine. To accomplish this purpose
it is necessary that the valve, although perfectly under the control of
the pendulums during the proper working of the governor should be
temporarily released from them at the instant the disconnection of the
governor occurs. I therefore make use of the following devices :-

page_text: According to one arrangement of my Invention the valve stem or
spindle is divided into two parts, one of which is connected to the
pendulums and the other to the valve, and which at their adjacent
ends are connected to a peculiarly constructed cross head. The latter
has two arms or bars, which are hinged or jointed together at one
end, so that they will open and close like a pair of jaws. The upper
part of the stem (or that part which is connected to the pendulum) is
attached to the upper jaw of the cross head, and the lower part of the
said stem to the lower jaw; it is therefore obvious that according
as these jaws are opened or closed the valve stem is lengthened or
shortened. At its free end the cross head is provided with a spring
latch to hold the lower jaw up, and at the back of the cross head is a
strong spring, which throws the said lower jaw down when it is released
from the said latch. Over the latch is placed a spring stop, which is
so arranged as to trip the latch and release the lower jaw when the
pendulums fall to their lowest position. An inclined piece or guard
placed on the cross head keeps this spring stop out of action during the
starting of the engine and until the balls have been thrown out to
their ordinary working position, or nearly so. When the two parts or
jaws of the cross head are held together by this latch, and so long as the
governor continues revolving, the valve occupies such a position that
it will, as in an ordinary ball governor, be open when the balls are down.
and closed when the balls fly out or up, but if from any cause the balls
drop to their lowest position the latch is tripped, the valve closed, and
the engine stopped.
The above described apparatus is automatic in all respects, except
that it must always be set by the engine driver in starting the engine.
I, however, modify the said apparatus to render it independent of this
necessity of being set in the following manner :-Instead of depending
upon the lengthening of the valve stem or spindle for carrying the valve
beyond its ordinary range of motion and closing it when the pendulums
are down, I so arrange the parts that when the governor is disconnected
or stopped the pendulums drop below the lowest point they occupy while
evolving, and thereby close the said valve. In this arrangement the
valve stem is extended up through the supporting bracket above the point
of suspension of the pendulums, and the latter are formed with short
orked arms projecting inward into a flanged ring fitted to slide freely
pon the stem, and above and below this ring are lock nuts or collars.
Projecting outward from the pendulums are other short arms to which

page_text: is attached a yoke. Below the pendulums is a weighted lever forked
to surround the rod and which bears the same upward. When the balls
are driven outward the short arms of the pendulums depress the flanged
ring, which bears on the lower lock nut and depresses the spindle,
thereby closing the valve. When the balls drop said flanged ring
rises, and the spindle and valve are raised by the weighted lever, the
said valve being thereby opened. So long as the governor is rotating
the balls will not drop beyond a point where they keep the valve open,
but if the governor is disconnected or stopped the balls drop lower, and
the aforesaid yoke coming in contact with the upper lock nut or collar
depresses the stem or spindle and immediately closes the valve.
soon as the governor is again put in motion the balls adjust themselves
and open the valve automatically.
As
So long as it is desired that the engine shall run at one invariable
speed no adjustment of the governor will be required. But frequently
an engine is employed for different kinds of work, for some of which
the speed may require to be much quicker than for others; it is
therefore, necessary that the governor should be capable of adjustment
to permit the engine to work at a faster or slower speed as desired,
and it is desirable that such adjustment shall be simple, not liable
to derangement, and accomplished without stopping the engine or
changing any belts or gearing. This adjustment according to my
Invention is effected in the following manner-A lever is caused by
This
a strong spring to bear against a shoulder on the valve stem.
spring is placed very near the fulcrum of the said lever, so that its pressure
may be at all times uniform or nearly so. By means of a screw or
other suitable contrivance the tension of the said spring and its resistance
to the closing of the valve is diminished or increased, and the speed
permitted to the engine is correspondingly diminished or increased. I
may employ a flat spring or number of such springs or a spiral spring
for this adjusting device.
A valve for a governor should be perfectly in equilibrium when under
pressure, and should, so far as practicable, be made to work without
friction, otherwise the sensitiveness of the governor is greatly impaired
and the valve is soon destroyed on its bearing surfaces. My improved
valve is placed within a box or casing consisting of an inner and outer
chamber.. The outer chamber has a double passage from the inlet
aperture, which communicates only with the inner chamber through

page_text: two ports or apertures directly opposite cach other. The said valve
has two pistons or discs which are fitted to slide in the top and bottom
of the inner chamber; the aforesaid ports or apertures for the admission
of the steam are between the two pistons. The inner chambers com-
municate with the central portion of the outer chamber and the outlet
aperture through the circular apertures in which the pistons work, and
these pistons are so arranged that the top and bottom apertures are both
equally open at the same time.
If the edges of the pistons and their apertures were left quite squarc,
there would be at the instant when the pistons pass out or into the
apertures a slight amount of unbalanced pressure. To prevent this the
inner edge of one of the pistons and the inner edge of the opposite
piston aperture are made round, so that the steam at the particular
moment specified, instead of rushing between the two caps in a direction
at a right angle to the axis of the valve, enters obliquely to the same.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Shive in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
SHIVE, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, now of
No. 8, Southampton Buildings, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-fourth.
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said David Shive, Her special licence that I, the
said David Shive, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said David Shive, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS AND GOVERNOR VALVES
FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst

page_text: others) that I, the said David Shive, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Shive, do hereby declarc
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing
forming a part of this Specification
My improvements consist, first, in the construction of an automatic
safety check or stop mechanism, and in the application of the same
to governors. for steam and other engines for the purpose of closing
the valve and stopping the engine when the governor is accidentally
disconnected therefrom by the displacement or breaking of the driving
belt, gear wheels, or other parts.
The said improvements consist, secondly, in the combination with a
governor of a peculiar regulating apparatus whereby the governor may
be adjusted to allow the engine any desired maximum speed.
The said improvements consist, thirdly, in the novel construction of
the governor valve and its casing or chamber, whereby I obtain a
perfect balance or equilibrium of the said valve and great durability
of its surfaces.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is an clevation of a steam engine governor provided with
my improved check and adjusting mechanism; Figure 2 is an elevation
showing a modification of the check or stop mechanism; Figure 3.
is an elevation of a marine engine governor, showing how the said
adjusting. mechanism may be applied to the same; Figure 4. is a plan
of the aforesaid safety check or stop mechanism; Figures 5 and 6
are side elevations of the same, with the parts in different positions ;
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section on the line x, x, Figure 4; Figure S
is a transverse section on the line y, y, Figure 5; Figures 9, 10, 11, 12,
are various sections of the valve box or casing; Figure 13 is a vertical
section showing the valve in its chamber; Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 13
are drawn to an enlarged scale. Like letters indicate the same parts
throughout the Drawing.

page_text: In the Drawing I have shown the valve arranged immediately below
the governor, and connected thereto in the most direct and simple
manner, but it is obvious that the valve and governor may be otherwise
relatively arranged and connected if desirable or necessary.
A is the frame or standard of the governor, constructed of cast iron
or other suitable material; a is the spindle or stem; b, b, are the pendu-
lums, b, are the arms through which the latter act on the spindle ;.
A', A¹, are bevel wheels through which and the shaft A² and other
suitable gearing the governor is connected to the engine.
In a pendulum governor of ordinary construction the pendulums and
valve are so connected that the distance between the points of con-
nection cannot be varied, the valve being fully open when the balls are
down and closed as they rise, and the area of the admission aperture
for the steam being diminished as the speed of the engine increases.
This action is perfectly satisfactory so long as there is no derangement
of the governor or of its driving mechanism or connections, that is to
say, so long as the proper relation between the engine and governor
is maintained, because the full opening of the governor valve will then
take place only when the supply of steam to the engine is cut off.
But if the driving belt or gear wheels should be broken or displaced,
or from any cause the governor should be disconnected from the engine,
the valve is opened to its full extent when there is a full supply of
steam, and the engine being then freed from control immediately runs
away," and in some cases serious accidents occur. I, however, prevent
any possibility of such accidents by the use of my aforesaid safety check,
which insures the automatic closing of the governor valve if the governor
is disconnected during the working of the engine. To accomplish this
purpose it is necessary that the valve, although kept completely under
the control of the pendulums as above described during the proper
working of the governor, should be temporarily released from them at
the instant the disconnection of the governor occurs. I therefore make
use of the following devices :-
"
According to thevarrangement of my Invention illustrated in Figure 1
the valve stem or spindle a is divided into two parts, one of which a' is
connected to the pendulums b, and the other a² to the valve c. These
two parts at a³ are connected to a peculiarly constructed cross head d (see
Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8). The latter has two arms, bars, or jaws d', d³,

page_text: hinged or jointed together at d³, so that they will open and close, the
bar d being fixed and the bar d² forked to pass on both sides of the
spindle without touching it. The upper part a¹ of the stem a is attached
to the upper jaw d of the cross head, and the lower part a² of the
said stem to the lower jaw d². It is therefore obvious that according
as these jaws are opened or closed the valve stem is lengthened or
shortened. The bar d' has formed on its under side a socket d', and in
this socket is fitted a sliding piece a', to which the lower part a³ of the
spindle is screwed or otherwise attached, and is thereby connected to the
lower jaw of the cross head. The said sliding piece is connected to
the said lower jaw by a pin d³. Vertical slots do are made in the socket
for the passage of this pin, and the bar d has longitudinal slots ď to
permit its unobstructed movement in opening and closing. At its free
end the bar d¹ of the cross head is provided with a spring latch e to hold
the lower jaw up, and at the back of the cross head is a strong spring f
which throws the said lower jaw down when it is released from the
latch e.
Attached to the standard over the latch e is a spring stop or
finger g, which is arranged to trip the said latch and release the lower
jaw d³, as shewn in Figure 6, when the pendulums b drop to their lowest
position. When the two bars are secured together by the latch e, as
shown in Figures 5 and 7, an inclined piece or guard h fixed on the
jaw or bar d² and projecting up through a slot in the bar d¹ pushes
this finger back, as shewn in Figure 5, and prevents its action during
the starting of the engine, and until the balls have been thrown out to
their ordinary working position or nearly so, but when the pendulums
have been once thrown out or open the cross head descending carries
the said guard below the end of the finger g, which is thus released and
assumes the position shewn in Figure 7, being then ready to act on the
latch when the pendulums again fall to their lowest position. So long
as the governor continues revolving after being once started the latch
does not come in contact with the finger, and the cross head remains
closed. The valve c is thus kept in such relation to the pendulums that
it will, like the valve of an ordinary ball governor, open as the balls drop
and close as they rise or fly out, but if from any cause the balls drop to
their lowest position the latch e is tripped by the finger, as shewn in
Figure 6. The above relative position of the valve to the pendulums
being then no longer maintained the valve temporarily released from
the control of the governor instantly closes and the engine is stopped.
A shoulder d* forms a stop upon which the jaw d² rests when open.

page_text: The above described apparatus is automatic in all respects, except
that its setting or adjustment to the position shown in Figure 5 must
always be performed by the engine driver previous to starting the
engine. I, however, modify the said apparatus to render it independent
of this preliminary adjustment in the following manner:-Instead of
depending upon the lengthening of the valve stem or spindle a for
carrying the valve c down, and closing it when the pendulums are
down, I so arrange the parts that when the governor is disconnected
or stopped the pendulums drop below the lowest point they occupy
while revolving and thereby close the said valve.
In this arrangement, which is illustrated in Figure 2, the valve stem a
is extended up through the supporting bracket A above the point of
suspension 1 of the pendulums b, and the short arms b¹ project from the
pendulum arms inward into a flanged sleeve i fitted to slide freely upon
the stem above, and below which sleeve are lock nuts or collars i¹,,,
screwed on the spindle. Projecting outward from the pendulums b
are other short arms b³, to which a yoke b' is attached by the links 6*.
At the lower part of the governor the standard A supports a weighted
lever j forked to surround the spindle a, and arranged to bear against
the collar and press the spindle upward. When the balls risc or
fly out the short arms b' of the pendulums depress the flanged sleeve i,
which bears on the lower lock nut and presses down the spindle a,
thereby closing the valve. When the balls drop the flanged sleeve i is
raised by the arms b', and the spindle and valve released from the down-
ward pressure are then lifted by the weighted lever j, the said valve
being thereby opened. So long as the rotation of the governor is
maintained the balls will not drop lower than the position shewn by
full lines Figure 2, and while remaining in this position they keep the
valve open, but if the governor is disconnected or stopped the balls
drop into the position shown by dotted lines in the same Figure, and
the aforesaid yoke ' coming in contact with the upper lock nut or
collar depresses the stem or spindle a and forces down the valve
nearly but not quite closing the same. The nut forms a stop
for the pendulums when the balls drop. As soon as the governor is
again connected to the engine or put in motion the balls adjust them-
selves and open the valve automatically. So long as it is desired that
the engine shall run at one invariable speed no adjustment or variation
in the speed of the governor will be required. But frequently an engine

page_text: has to perform many different kinds of work, for some of which the
speed may require to be much quicker than for others; it is therefore
necessary that the governor should be capable of adjustment to perinit
the engine to work at a faster or slower speed, and it is desirable that
the means for effecting such adjustment shall be simple and not liable
to derangement, morcover it is sometimes necessary that the adjustment
shall be accomplished without stopping the engine or changing any
belts or gearing.
This adjustment according to my Invention is effected in the following
manner: A lever k, Figure 1, is caused by a strong spring to bear
against the shoulder do on the cross head d, and thereby offer additional
resistance to the opening. or rising of the pendulums and closing of the
valve. This spring is arranged to act on the shoulder * formed on
the said lever near its fulcrum so that its pressure may be at all times
uniform or nearly so. By means of a screw k² or other suitable con-
trivance the tension of the said spring and its resistance to the closing
of the valve is diminished or increased, and the maximum speed of the
engine is correspondingly retarded or accelerated. I may employ a flat
spring or number of such springs as shown or a spiral spring for this
adjusting device.
I am aware that springs and weights have been already used for
the purpose of adjusting governors to run at different speeds, but the
contrivance I have shown for this purpose is novel with regard to the
arrangement of a spring to act with equal force throughout the entire
range of the valve's motion.
A valve for a governor should be perfectly in equilibrium when under
pressure, and should, as far as practicable, be made to work without
friction, otherwise the sensitiveness of the governor is impaired and the
bearing surfaces of the valve are soon destroyed.
My improved valve box or casing is shewn in Figures 9 to 12;
Figure 9 is a section on the line x1, x³, Figure 11; Figure 10 is a vertical
section on the line y', y¹, Figure 11; Figure 11 is a section on the
line, Figure 9; and Figure 12 is a section on the line,,
Figure 10. The said casing consists of an inner and outer chamber c¹, c².
There is a double passage c' from the inlet aperture 2, which passage
communicates only with the inner chamber c¹ through two ports or
apertures m directly opposite each other, as shown in Figures 10 and 11.
The said valve has two pistons or discs c³, c, which are fitted to slide

page_text: in the top and bottom of the inner chamber, as shown in Figure 13.
The aforesaid ports or apertures m for the admission of the steam arc
between the two pistons c³, cª. The inner chamber c¹ communicates
with the central portion of the outer chamber, and the outlet aperture
through the circular apertures in which the pistons work, and these
pistons are so arranged that the top and bottom apertures arc both
equally open at the same time. The steam necessarily leaves the inner
chamber through both the top and bottom piston apertures when the
valve is open, and by the above described peculiar construction of the
valve box with an inner and outer chamber I obtain the important
advantage of dividing the steam that passes out of the top aperture,
or the aperture farthest from the exhaust pipe so that it passes down the
passages c, c, on opposite sides of the inner chamber. This division
of the steam into two currents on opposite sides of the valve, instead of
allowing it to escape entirely on one side of the valve, prevents the
pressure of the valve to one side or the other by the escaping steam.
If the edges of the pistons and their apertures were left with a square
edge there would be at the instant when the pistons pass this edge in
leaving or entering the apertures a slight amount of unbalanced pressure.
To prevent this difficulty the inner edge of one of the pistons and the
inner edge of the opposite piston aperture are cut away or made round,
as shown in Figure 13, so that the steam at the particular moment
specified, instead of entering between the surfaces of the valve and
chamber in a direction at a right angle to the axis of the valve, enters
obliquely to the same as indicated by the arrows, and the existence, even
for a moment, of any unbalanced pressure will be prevented.
When my improved adjusting device is applied to a marine governor I
provide the same with four pendulums o, o',.o², o³, as shewn in Figure 3.
Each pendulum is hung upon an independent journal or spindle, and I
prefer that two of these spindles should be placed below the other two,
as shown. Each of the lower pendulums o, o¹, has an arm p extended
upward above its point of suspension, and the pendulums 0, 0, and
,, are connected by links p', so that their balls balance each other.
There are therefore two pairs o, o, and o¹, o³, of balanced pendulums
with four points of suspension 1, 2, 3, 4. The balls of cach pair are
so arranged that when the governor is not running both occupy a
position approximately parallel to the spindle, and both diverge equally

page_text: from the said spindle when the governor is in motion. Both pairs of
pendulums also open and close simultaneously. As in this arrange-
ment the balls are balanced they will not fall by their own gravity, but
the spring offers the required resistance to the centrifugal action
of the said balls. This spring is arranged to act upon the lever k, as
described in reference to Figure 1; the said lever bears upon a shoulder
or collar on the valve spindle a, and presses the same upward, and
the pendulums o and o¹ have short arms o' whereby they act in the
opposite direction upon the said spindle.
I may use a spiral spring or any other spring suitable for the purpose
instead of the one shewn.
I prefer that this improved marine governor should have a vertical
spindle, but, if required, I may place the spindle horizontally.
Having thus fully described my Invention, and shewn how it may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I wish it under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the precise details thereof as set
forth in the accompanying Drawing and description, as I may in some
cases vary them without departing from the spirit of the said Invention.
For example, I may adopt other contrivances instead of the cross head
for effecting the automatic lengthening of the valve, stem, or spindle for
closing the valve when the governor stops. Or I may retain the main
features of the cross head, but modify the form and arrangement of its
parts or the manner of connecting the same to the two parts of the
spindle. And in the governor illustrated in Figure 2 I may vary or
modify the form and arrangement of the parts so far as may be required
by the particular circumstances under which the governor is to be used,
though not to such an extent as will materially change the combination
of mechanism whereby the dropping of the balls below their lowest
working position is made to effect the closing of the valve when the
governor is disconnected. And I claim,-
First. An automatic safety check apparatus interposed between the
two ends of the valve stem or spindle of a governor, and operating to
lengthen the said stem or spindle, and thereby increase the distance
between the points of connection of the pendulum arms and valve, so
that the said valve is temporarily freed from the control of the pendulums
when they drop to their lowest position.

page_text: Second. The combination of the two parts of the valve stem or spindle
with a cross head which has two jaws that are caused by a spring or
otherwise to open automatically and release the valve from the control
of the pendulums when the balls drop to their lowest position.
Third. Providing the said cross head with a latch for keeping the two
jaws closed while the governor is rotating, and which is arranged in
combination with the aforesaid spring and with a tripping finger to
release the lower jaw and close the valve when the pendulum balls drop
to their lowest position.
Fourth. The inclined or taper guard for preventing the action of the
aforesaid tripping finger in starting the engine arranged to operate in
combination with the said tripping finger as above set forth.
Fifth. The mechanism for effecting the closing of the valve by the
dropping of the pendulum balls below their lowest working position
when the governor is disconnected or stopped, substantially as described
in connection with Figure 2 of the Drawing.
Sixth. In the apparatus for adjusting or changing the maximum
speed of the governor, the spring arranged to press upon a shoulder on
the lever near the fulcrum of the same, or otherwise arranged to move
but a short distance, so that its tension will be equal, or nearly so,
throughout the entire range of the valve's motion.
Seventh. Constructing the enclosing box or casing of an equilibrium
or balanced governor valve with an inner chamber in which the valve
is fitted, and an outer chamber surrounding the same, and with a
divided or double passage leading from the inlet aperture to the inner
chamber through the apertures in the side of the latter between the two
pistons or discs of the valve, substantially as set forth for the purposes
specified.
Eighth. The construction of the valve box with an inner and outer
chamber so arranged that the steam leaving the inner chamber by the
top piston aperture, or the aperture farthest from the exhaust pipc, is
Eighth. The construction of the valve box with an inner and outer
chamber so arranged that the steam leaving the inner chamber by the
top piston aperture, or the aperture farthest from the exhaust pipe, is
divided so that it passes down on two opposite sides of the said inner
chamber in the manner set forth for the purpose specified.

page_text: Ninth. Making the inner edge of one piston and the inner edge of
the aperture of the other piston of the said valve round or curved in the
manner and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Shive, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
EDWARD C. JACKSON.
DAVID SHIVE. (L.S.)