A New and Improved Arrangement for Controlling Electric Elevators.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th Apr., 1900-Accepted, 11th Aug., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New and Improved Arrangement for Controlling Electric Elevators.
I, EMIL ALFRED WAILSTRÖM, of 3, Marien Strasse, Cannstatt, in the Kingdom
of Wurttemberg, in the German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to an improved arrangement for controlling elec-
tric elevators such as lifts, freight elevators and the like and has for its object to
provide means for allowing a correct controlling of such apparatus.
My invention will be readily understood with reference to the accompanying
drawings and to the description following hereafter.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 illustrates a diagrammatic view of the whole mechanism,
Figure 2 a diagrammatic view of a modified form of the governing mechanism,
Figures 3 and 4 are detail views of the commutator,
Figures 5 and 6 are detail views of several commutators combined,
Figure 7 is a general diagrammatic view showing especially the arrangement
of the switch mechanism with respect to the points of stop of the car.
Figure 8 illustrates a diagrammatic view, the switches being arranged within
the shaft,
Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8.
Figures 10, 11 and 12 are detail views of the electro-magnetic coupling.
Figure 13 shows the bevel wheel gearing.
Figure 14 a modified form of governing mechanism,
Figures 15 and 15ª are detail views illustrating the contact series and the con-
fact brush,
Figure 16 illustrates the connection between the switch and the door.
Referring to Figure 1, 1 represents the elevator-car, 2 the winding gearing,
3 the winding drum, 4 the hoisting motor, 5 a driving pulley for the pulley 6.
The latter is fixed to a shaft 7, carrying furthermore a disc 10 provided with two
contacts 8 and 9, so that when rotation is imparted to the pulley 6, the same is
communicated to the disc 10. A shaft 11 arranged in line with the shaft 7 carries
a pulley 12 with governing rope 13 and a contact spring 14 which according to
the position of the shaft 11 makes contact with either 8 or 9. or as it is the case
in the illustration stands upon the insulated part between these contacts. 15 is
an auxiliary motor. Motion in one or the other direction is imparted to the
shaft 16 by means of the motor 15 all according whether the spring 14 is in
contact with either 8 or 9. The shaft 16 carries a crank disc 17, two beveled
wheels 18 and 19 engaging into a third bevel wheel 20, the whole forming a so-
called bevel-wheel gearing being particularly represented in Figure 13, and here-
inafter more fully described.
The bevel wheel 20, the motor 15 and the shaft 16 run in the direction indicated
by the arrows. The wheel 20 has its bearing upon a shaft 21 carrying a part of
the coupling mechanism 22, the other part of the coupling having its bearing upon

page_text: the shaft 23, located in a bearing 24 capable of sliding and rotating and carrying
furthermore a contact brush 25.
26 represents a spiral spring which at one extremity is fixed to the bearing 24
and at the other extremity to the coupling 22 and constantly tends to push the
shaft 23 together with the coupling 22 as well as the contact brush 25 to the left
hand side and to rotate the whole in the direction of the arrow. 27 and 28 indi-
cate a series of contacts for the resistance 29, which is introduced into the current
of the hoisting motor 4. 28 represents an insulated part. The more the contact
brush is moved from 28 to 27 the less resistance is there and when the brush stands
upon the contact 27 no resistance is introduced at all. A disc 30 having a pro-
jection 31 is rigidly connected to the shaft 23. The numerals 32-34 represent a
circuit breaker rotating around 33 and effecting the breaking of the circuit at 34.
When the projection 31 during the rotation of the disc 30 pushes against the
lever of the circuit breaker 32-34, the said lever is caused to rotate around the
point 33, contrary to the tension of the spring 35, the circuit thus being broken
at 34.
36 is a crank lever sliding within the slot 54 of the connecting rod 37, the
latter being pivotted at a fixed point 38. 39 is an electro-magnet having an
armature 40. The lever 42 is pivotted at a point 43 and at 41 is linked to the
rods at 41 and 38 carrying the armature 40.
At 44 the lever 42 presses against the shaft 23 and displaces the same from the
left to the right hand side, when the connecting rod 37 and the rods 41-38 are
moved to the right hand side by means of the crank lever 36. The electro mag-
net 39 when excited is strong enough to keep the armature 40 in position, but too
weak to attract the same. The numerals 45-52 represent a circuit reverser
changing the direction of the circuit either within the magnet or within the arma-
ture of the hoisting motor 4. In the example illustrated in the drawings the cir-
cuit of the magnet is reversed.
The reversing of the mechanisms 45-52 from the position illustrated 49-46 and
51-48 into the position 49-45 and 51-47 takes place when rotation is imparted
the crank disc. The action is as follows:-
The crank lever 36 moves from the left to the right hand side, the position illus-
trated being the point of start, thereby firstly the connecting rod 37 oscillates on
its pivot 38, the point 53 being pushed upwards. The crank lever 36 then slides
along the slot 54. The point 53 then lies above the point 52. When the move-
ment of the lever 36 is continued, the same will push against the right hand end
of the slot 54, withdrawing the connecting rod 37 so that the point 53 lies above
the point 52 and the latter is forced to make the descent together with the point 53.
The lever provided with the point 52 oscillating around 50, the circuit reversing
mechanism is brought from the position 49-46 and 51-48 into the position
49 45 and 51-47. When the direction of rotation of the crank disc is reversed,
the circuit reversing mechanism is turned to the opposite direction.
In order to prevent the circuit reverser from being moved so far that the
point 53 cannot grip above or underneath the point 52, which would be the case
if the lever 55-52 were rigidly connected to the reversing mechanism, the said
lever is provided with a slot 55 within which slot is a bolt 57 rigidly connected
to the circuit reverser. A helical spring 56 keeps the lever 52-55 in middle
position, thus the latter is moved somewhat further than the reverser and as soon
as the pressure of the point 53 lessens, returns into its original position.
My improved controlling mechanism works as follows:
Firstly the governing pulley 12 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 13 a, b,
c., the contact spring 14 is then pressed against the contact plate 9,. the circuits a
and b thus being closed. Now the auxiliary motor 15 receives current and rotates
the shaft 16 in the direction indicated by the arrow. When the circuit reverser
is not in the position required, the alteration of position is effected in the manner
heretofore described.
By the rotation of the crank disc 17 the connecting rod 37 is moved from the
left to the right hand side, the armature 40 is thereby attracted by the magnet 39,

page_text: which is excited by the circuit b. The lever 42 is moved to the right and conse-
quently the shaft 23 contrary to the action of the spring 26, is subjected to the
same movement. The contact brush 25 is thereby pressed against the insulated
piece 28 and the coupling 22 comes into action. When the shaft 16 is rotated,
owing to the bevel-wheel gearing 18, 19, 20, the shaft 21 is rotated and the
coupling 22 withdraws the shaft 2 contrary to the tension of the spring 26.
Thereby the contact brush 25 is moved from the insulated part 28 on to the series
of contacts 27-28, the circuit c and d being thus closed. This is particularly
illustrated in Figures 15 and 15. In Figure 15 the armature is not yet attracted
and the brush is not in contact with the series of contacts 27-28. In Figure 15ª
the magnet 39 has attracted its armature 40 and consequently the lever 42 so that
the contact brush 25 pushes against 28. The current d flows through the arma-
ture of the hoisting motor 4 and through the resistance 29, whilst the current c
flows through the magnets and through the reverser 49-51. Owing to these cir-
cuits the motor 4 is actuated in the direction indicated by the arrow, the pulley
and disc 10 being slowly rotated. The motor 15 rotates the shafts 21 and 23
coupled together until the contact brush 25 has reached the last contact, thus the
resistance being cut out and the hoisting motor 4 works with all its power. At
this moment the disc 30 is rotated so far that the bolt 31 has opened the circuit
breaker 32-34 as above described, whereby the circuit a is broken and the motor 15
stopped. The bevel wheel gearing is so adjusted that the opening of the circuit
breaker takes place, when the crank disc 17 is in the position shown in the drawing,
thereby allowing the return of the connecting rod 37 when the armature 40 leaves
the magnet 39.
The hoisting motor 4 continues to run until the pulley 6, the shaft 7 and the
disc 10 are turned round so far that the contact spring 14 hitherto in contact with
the plate 9 reaches the insulated part at 10. The circuit b is thereby broken and
the armature leaves its magnet 39. Owing to the action of the spring 26 the
shaft 23 together with the one part of the coupling 22, contact brush 25, disc 30
and the whole mechanism 42, 41, 40, 38 and 37 is moved to the left. Owing to
this displacement the coupling is disengaged and the circuits c and d are broken
hy removing the brush 25. When the coupling is disengaged, the brush 25 as well
as the disc 30 etc. owing to the pressure of 26 return into the position represented
in the drawing and the circuit breaker 32-34 is closed by the spring 35; when
the circuits c and d are interrupted, the motor 4 stops motion.
If now the governing disc 12 is further rotated in the same direction and the
circuits a and b again closed, the process is repeated and the motor each time
runs so long until the spring 14 comes to rest upon the insulated part at 10. The
greater the displacement of the spring 14, the farther the car runs, or more pre-
cisely the longer will the motor 4 run.
When the direction of rotation of the governing disc 12 is reversed, i.e. when
the disc is rotated in the direction 13 f, g, dh, the circuits f, g, d, h are created.
The motor 15 runs in reverse direction the circuits f g creating a polarity con-
trary to that of the circuit a b. The position of the circuit reverser is altered as
above described, the circuit h runs through the armature of the hoisting motor 4
and the latter rotates in a direction contrary to that first described. The disc 10
will also rotate in the opposite direction and interrupts the circuits and f, as
soon as the spring 14 comes to rest upon the insulated part of the disc 10 the func-
tion of all parts in general remaining the same as above described..
In elevators having certain points of stop, the above described governing disc 12
illustrated in Figure 1 with the rope 13 and rotatable contact spring 14 may be
replaced by a number of rigid contact springs which by means of wires are con-
nected to a corresponding number of switches fixed to the different points of stop.
In Figure 2 such an arrangement is illustrated diagrammatically.
Figure 4 is the hoisting motor, 29 the resistance, 25 the contact brush, 45-51
the circuit reverser for the magnets of the hoisting motor, 32-34 the circuit
breaker for the resistance motor 15, 39 the magnet similar to Figure 1, 8-9 illus-
As in

page_text: trate contact rails upon the rotatable disc 10, 14 I-14 IV are springs having the
purpose to replace the rotatable springs 14, Figure 1 58-61 illustrate switch
mechanisms arranged at the points of stop I-IV for instance arranged in the
different floors of a house; 62-65 illustrate magnetic coils for the switch mech-
anism 58-61.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate detail views of the switch mechanism: The arrange-
ment illustrated merely is an example, as numerous similar arrangements may be
employed. Figure 3 illustrates a side view and Figure 4 a plan view of the
apparatus. 66 represents a magnet having an armature 67 rotatable by means of
a handle 68. 69 illustrates a spring tending to rotate the armature so that the
circuit breaker 70-71 is open and the armature comes to lie against the pro-
jection 72. The working of the apparatus is as follows:
By means of the handle 68 the armature 67 is rotated so far that the circuit
interruptor 70-71 is closed, thereby the circuit b, the run of which is clearly
indicated in Figure 2, is closed. The magnet is thereby excited and the arma-
ture 67 attracted so strongly that the spring 69 is not strong enough to effect a
return into the original position. When the circuit 6 is interrupted, the armature
leaves the magnet and owing to the spring 69 returns into its original position
thus leaving the interruptor 70-71 open.
The magnets of all switches being shunted in series they will all be excited
when any of them is excited by closure of the circuit. The attachment of the
handle 68 allows of their rotation being independent of the armature. In conse-
quence thereof no switch can be closed, when in one of them a contact is created,
but neither can this contact be broken before the circuit b is broken from another
point. The arrangement illustrated in Figure 2 works in the following manner:-
Suppose the cage stands on the third floor and it is to be raised to the fourth
Hoor. The described switch 61 see Figure 2, is then closed, whereby the circuits a
and are completed. The circuit starting at + runs through the right hand
magnet coils of the auxiliary motor 15, through the contact rail 9 and through the
brush 14 IV, the switch 61 and then through all coils 62-65 so that all armatures
are attracted from their magnets and the closing of another switch mechanism, as
well as the opening of 61 being absolutely prevented. The circuit then flows
through the coil 39 to The circuit a commences at 61, runs through the arma-
ture of the motor 15, through the circuit breaker 32-34 and actuates the motor 15.
The process generally is the same as described in Figure 1. The disc 10 rotates
in the direction of the arrow until the contact spring 14 IV pushes against the
insulated part at 10, the circuit being thereby interrupted, (the circuit a having
been interrupted beforehand by the interruptor 32-34). The consequence thereof
is that not only the magnet 39, but also all magnets 62-65 repel their armatures,
the switch 61, Figure 4, then being opened by the spring 69 (Figure 4).
-
When a switch in a floor situated underneath the one in which the cage stands,
as 50 for instance is closed, the circuits a and b would run through the left hand
magnet of the auxiliary motor 15 and through the contact plate 8, through the
spring 14 II and through the switch 50. The auxiliary motor then rotates in the
reverse direction and the circuit reverser 58-61 is altered in position. The sub-
sequent path of the current is similar to that described in Figure 1. The disc 10
rotates in the opposite direction until the insulated part has reached the contact
spring 14 II, whereby the current is interrupted and the car stopped.
By this arrangement it is attained that the car runs to the floor, in which one
of the switches 58--61 is closed, it being immaterial whether the car was standing
at the first or at the fourth floor. It is impossible to intercalate more than one
switch owing to the arrangement illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 1 the movement of the car can be gov-
erned from the inside as well as from the outside when two ropes are employed,
one outside and the other inside, both at their extremities being connected, thus
forming an endless rope.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 2 the governing can only be effected
from the outside.

page_text: When the car as per illustration in Figure 2 is to be governed both from the
inside and from the outside, there is arranged in the shaft and at the height of
each Hoor a switch mechanism, which can be reached from the inside of the car,
whilst for the outside governing switches for all floors are arranged at the outside
of the shaft, or use may be made of a combination switch having two handles, one
which can be operated from the outside and the other one from the inside.
Such a combination switch is represented in Figures 5 and 6 in two positions.
86 is a magnet corresponding to 66 in Figures 3 and 4. 87 illustrates the armature
suitably guided at 88 and 59 so that it is forced to move against the magnet 86.
90 and 93, Figures 5 and 6, represent discs rotatable around their centre by means
of the handle 94 provided with a projection 95 and a part of the switch 96. Helical
springs 99 are employed for keeping the discs 90 in position. The armature 87
is provided with a number of slots 97 corresponding to the number of noses 95.
Figure 5 shows that when one of the discs 90-93 is rotated, its projection 95 slides
into the slot 97 and withdraws the armature 87. Figure 6 illustrates this position
with the disc 93 and from this illustration it may be seen that the other discs 90
-92 cannot be rotated for the reason that the projection 95 presses against the
armature 87. When one disc is turned round, the circuit interruptor 96 is closed
and the operation will be the following:
When a disc such as for instance 93 is turned to the right hand side by means
of the handle 94, the projection 95 withdraws the armature 87 and closes the
switch 96. The circuit of the magnet S6 is thereby closed. The path of the
current is illustrated in Figure 7. The magnet 86 attracts the armature and holds
the same tight, so that the springs 98 and 99 are not able to effect its return before
the circuit is not broken closed from another point. The circuit includes all
the magnets 86, that is all the magnets in all floors, and the armatures are
attracted by the magnets; any other switch is prevented from being closed. When
the circuit is interrupted the armature 87 and the disc 93 quickly return into
their original position.
In Figure 7 the whole switch mechanism for the governing the cage is clearly
to be seen outside and inside the shaft. The lettering corresponds to the switch
illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 and to the switch necessary for the arrangement
illustrated in Figure 2. In the diagrammatic view it is supposed that the switches
marked 96 and arranged at the right hand side of the line 104 can be reached from
the outside, those illustrated on the left hand side of 104 can be reached from the
inside of the car. Further it is supposed that the car stands at the third floor and
that from the car the switch for the fourth floor is closed, so that the car runs to
this fourth floor. The actuation is the same as described in Figures 1 and 2. If
owing to any circumstance, it is impossible to arrange a switch as illustrated in
Figures 5 and 6 in all the floors such an apparatus may be arranged in the car
itself in such manner that the circuits 100-103 are connected to the circuits 14 I
14 IV by means of sliding contacts. In similar way the switch would have to
be connected with the circuit 104.
The outer switch would have to be the one represented in Figures 3. and 4. In
Figure 8 the inner and outer governing is supposed to be arranged within the
car, furthermore the contact disc 10 and the contact plates S and 9 (Figures 1 and 2)
are replaced by wires within the shaft. The circuits 74-77 correspond to the
contact 9, Figure 2, and the circuits 82-85 Figure S, correspond to the contact 8,
Figure 2. Owing to the sliding contacts 78-81, Figure 8, the outer switches 58
-61 are connected to the inner switches. It is supposed, that the inner switch
for the fourth floor is closed and the path of the current is illustrated in con-
formity therewith. The car moves upwards until the contact 14 IV comes to rest
upon the interrupting part between 74 and 82, thereby effecting the interruption
of the circuit similarly to the manner described in Figs. 1 and 2. In the switch
described in Figures 1-8 it is supposed that the armature of the auxiliary motor 15
is in shunt parallel to the magnet 39 and that the circuit a is closed as soon as the
resistance 29 is cut out.

page_text: The switch may be modified by shunting the magnet 39 behind the armature
of the motor 15, whereby the armature of the motor, after the resistance is cut out,
is closed by the switch 32-34. The switch corresponding to the illustration of
Figure 2 is represented in modified form in Figure 9. As in Figure 2 the
switch 61 is supposed to be closed and the circuit is illustrated in conformity
therewith. Generally the whole arrangement will be clear from the foregoing
specification. In Figure 1 it is supposed, that the rod 38-41 forms one single
part, so that when the magnet 39 repulses the armature 40, the crank lever 37,
ogether with the armature 40 and the connecting rod 38-41 may return into
the original position, but only when the crank lever 36 is in the position illus-
trated. This is not always the case, for instance when the points of stop follow
one another so rapidly that a complete intercalating of the motor 4 during
the run cannot be effected. In this case the motor 15 continues its run even after
the interruption of both circuits a and b by the insulated part on the disc 10.
The crank lever 36 then may stand so that the crank rod 37 cannot return, the
same being the case with the mechanism 38-40-41-44-25-23-22. The
circuit to the motor 4 is not yet interrupted and the motor itself continues to run.
This can be prevented by replacing the mechanism 38-39 40-41 (Figure 1), by
the mechanism in Figures 10-12. The numbers 38---41 denote parts similar to
those of Figure 1. 106 are magnet cores provided with prolongations of less
diameter 109. These prolongations 109 are guided through the frame 107. The
cores are connected together by a cross piece or bridge 108 and owing to this they
can be moved to the right or to the left. The spring 110 effects a displacement
to the left of the magnets and the crank lever 36 in Figure 1 at each rotation draws
the cores to the right hand side. The size of the apparatus is such that the
magnets 106-109, (Figs. 10, 11 and 12) are not able to attract the armature 40,
but are able to keep it in a certain position.
The operation will be as follows:-
In Figure 10 the coils are excited, the cores lying against the frame 107, and
the armature 40 by the magnets. When now the circuit is interrupted, the
armature 40 returns into the position Figures 11 and 12, but owing to the action
of the spring 110 the cores will take an intermediate position according to the
position of the crank lever 36. The spring 110 is of a length as to be able to dis-
place the latter to the left hand side when the coils are excited and the anchor 40
is not attracted by the magnets. When the current is shunted, the motor 15,
Figure 1, commences its run and the coil 39 is excited. During the first revolu-
tion of the crank lever 36 the magnets 106-109 are drawn to the left by the
spring 110, so that they come to rest against the armature 40 as represented in
Figure 11. During the second revolution of the crank 36 the cores 106-109 by
means of the connecting rod 37 are drawn to the right until they adopt the posi-
tion Figure 10, but the coils being excited, the armature 40 is withdrawn. The
cores 106 now are lying against the frame 107 and remain in this position until
the circuit is interrupted. The armature 40 and the mechanism 41-44-25-23
etc. return to the motor 4, Figure 1, is interrupted.
Figure 13 shows a detail view of a bevel wheel gearing as represented dia-
grammatically in Figure 1 as 18, 19 and 20.
The two bevel wheels 18 and 19 gearing with the wheel 20 are fitted loosely
upon the shaft 16 and are secured against lateral displacement by means of
collars 111. Between the two gears are arranged two sliding sleeves 113 having
ratchet teeth, which by means of feathers 114 are secured against rotation on the
shaft. A spring 112 located between the sleeves has the purpose to press the
sleeves against the bent wheels 18 and 19. The contact surfaces between the
gearing and the slides form a coupling 115, the teeth of which are so directed that
during the revolution of the shaft 16 in one direction one bevel wheel and in the
other direction the other bevel-wheel is idle, one bevel wheel thus constantly run-
ning idle.
A modification of the governing represented in Figures 1, 2, 7 and 9 is illus-

page_text: trated in Figure 14. In this illustration the contacts 8 and 9 are not formed by
plates fixed upon a disc, but by coils wound upon a cylinder. Thereby is attained
that owing to the greater length a more exact adjustment of the contact 14 is ren-
dered possible.
In elevators it is desirable to render the governing dependent on both the open-
ing and closing of the doors. This is effected in the most simple manner by con-
ducting the circuit a and b or b alone through the interruptor 116-118 (Figure 16)
connected with the doors 119 in such a way, that they are opened and closed at
the same time when the circuit is opened or closed. The elevator cannot be
actuated without all doors being closed; as soon as one of the doors is open, the
stopping of the elevator takes place by the interruption of the steering circuit.
Datad 1 1141
S
1000
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.
I, EMIL ALFRED WAHLSTRÖM, of 3, Marien Strasse, Cannstatt, in the Kingdom
of Wurttemberg, in the German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to an improved arrangement for controlling elec-
tric elevators such as lifts, freight elevators and the like and has for its object to
provide means for allowing a correct controlling of such apparatus.
My invention will be readily understood with reference to the drawing hled
with the Provisional Specifications, and to the description following hereafter.
Figure 1 illustrates a diagrammatic view of the whole mechanism,
Figure 2 a diagrammatic view of a modified form of the governing mechanism,
Figures 3 & 4 are detail views of the commutator,
Figures 5 & 6 are detail views of several commutators combined,
Figure 7 is a general diagrammatic view showing especially the arrangement
of the switch mechanism with respect to the points of stop of the car.
Figure 8 illustrates a diagrammatic view, the switches being arranged within
the shaft,
Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8.
Figures 10, 11 and 12 are detail views of the electro-magnetic counling.
Figure 13 shows the bevel wheel gearing.
Figure 14 a modified form of governing mechanism,
Figures 15 and 15ª are detail views illustrating the contact series and the con-
tact brush,
Figure 16 illustrates the connection between the switch and the door.
Referring to Figure 1, 1 represents the elevator-car, 2 the winding gearing,
3 the winding drum, 4 the hoisting motor, 5 a driving pulley for the pulley 6.
The latter is fixed to a shaft 7, carrying furthermore a disc 10 provided with two
contacts 8 and 9, so that when rotation is imparted to the pulley 6, the same is
communicated to the disc 10. A shaft 11 arranged in line with the shaft 7 carries
a pulley 12 with governing rope 13 and a contact spring 14 which according to
the position of the shaft 11 makes contact with either 8 or 9, or as it is the case
in the illustration, stands upon the insulated part between these contacts. 15 is
an auxiliary motor. Motion in one or the other direction is imparted to the

page_text: shaft 16 by means of the motor 15 all according whether the spring 14 is in
contact with either 8 or 9. The shaft 16 carries a crank disc 17, two beveled
wheels 18 and 19 engaging into a third bevel wheel 20, the whole forming a so-
called bevel-wheel gearing being particularly represented in Figure 13, and here-
inafter more fully described.
The bevel wheel 20, the motor 15 and the shaft 16 run in the direction indicated
by the arrows. The wheel 20 has its bearing upon a shaft 21 carrying a part of
the coupling mechanism 22, the other part of the coupling having its bearing upon
the shaft 23, located in a bearing 24 capable of sliding and rotating and carrying
furthermore a contact brush 25.
26 represents a spiral spring which at one extremity is fixed to the bearing 24
and at the other extremity to the coupling 22 and constantly tends to pull the
shaft 23 together with the coupling 22 as well as the contact brush 25 to the left
hand side and to rotate the whole in the direction of the arrow. 27 and 28 indi-
cate a series of contacts for the resistance 29, which is introduced into the current
of the hoisting motor 4. 28 represents an insulated part. The more the contact
brush is moved from 28 to 27 the less resistance is there and when the brush stands
upon the contact 27 no resistance is introduced at all. A disc 30 having a pro-
jection 31 is rigidly connected to the shaft 23. The numerals 32-34 represent a
circuit breaker rotating around 33 and effecting the breaking of the circuit at 34.
When the projection 31 during the rotation of the disc 30 pushes against the
lever of the circuit breaker 32-34, the said lever is caused to rotate around the
point 33, contrary to the tension of the spring 35, the circuit thus being broken
at 34. 36 is a crank lever sliding within the slot 54 of the connecting rod 37, the
latter being pivotted at a fixed point 38. 39 is an electro-magnet having an
armature 40. The lever 42 is pivotted at a point 43 and at 41 is linked to the
rods at 41 and 38 carrying the armature 40.
At 44 the lever 42 presses against the shaft 23 and displaces the same from the
left to the right hand side, when the connecting rod 37 and the rods 41-38 are
moved to the right hand side by means of the crank lever 36. The electro mag-
net 39 when excited is strong enough to keep the armature 40 in position, but too
weak to attract the same. The numerals 45-52 represent a current reverser
changing in the direction of the current either within the magnet or within the
armature of the hoisting motor 4. In the example illustrated in the drawings the
current of the magnet is reversed.
The reversing of the mechanisms 45-52 from the position illustrated 49-46 and
51-48 into the position 49-45 and 51-47 takes place when rotation is imparted
to the crank disc. The action is as follows:-
The crank lever 36 moves from the left to the right hand side, the position illus-
trated being the point of start, thereby firstly the connecting rod 37 oscillates on
its pivot 38, the point 53 being pushed upwards. The crank lever 36 then slides
along the slot 54. The point 53 then lies above the point 52. When the move-
ment of the lever 36 is continued, the same will push against the right hand end
of the slot 54, withdrawing the connecting rod 37 so that the point 53 lies above
the point 52 and the latter is forced to make the descent together with the point 53.
The lever provided with the point 52 oscillating around 50, the current reversing
mechanism is brought from the position 49-46 and 51-48 into the position
49-45 and 51-47. When the direction of rotation of the crank disc is reversed,
the current reversing mechanism is turned to the opposite direction.
In order to prevent the current reverser from being moved so far that the
point 53 cannot grip above or underneath the point 52, which would be the case
if the lever 55-52 were rigidly connected to the reversing mechanism, the said
lever is provided with a slot 55, within which slot is a bolt 57 rigidly connected
to the current reverser. A helical spring 56 keeps the lever 52-55 in middle
position, thus the latter is moved somewhat further than the reverser and as soon
as the pressure of the point 53 lessens, returns into its original position.
My improved controlling mechanism works as follows;

page_text: Firstly the governing pulley 12 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 13 a, b,
c, d, the contact spring 14 is then pressed against the contact plate 9, the circuits a
and 6 thus being closed. Now the auxiliary motor 15 receives current and rotates
the shaft 16 in the direction indicated by the arrow. When the current reverser
is not in the position required, the alteration of position is effected in the manner
heretofore described.
By the rotation of the crank disc 17 the connecting rod 37 is moved from the
left to the right hand side, the armature 40 is thereby attracted by the magnet 39,
which is excited by the circuit b. The lever 42 is moved to the right and conse-
quently the shaft 23 contrary to the action of the spring 26, is subjected to the
same movement. The contact brush 25 is thereby pressed against the insulated
piece 28 and the coupling 22 comes into action. When the shaft 16 is rotated,
owing to the bevel-wheel gearing 18, 19, 20, the shaft 21 is rotated and the
coupling 22 withdraws the shaft 23 contrary to the tension of the spring 26.
Thereby the contact brush 25 is moved from the insulated part 28 on to the series
of contacts 27-28, the circuit c and d being thus closed. This is particularly
illustrated in Figures 15 and 15. In Figure 15 the armature is not yet attracted
and the brush is not in contact with the series of contacts 27-28. In Figure 15"
the magnet 39 has attracted its armature 40 and consequently the lever 42 so that
the contact brush 25 pushes against 28. The current d flows through the arma-
ture of the hoisting motor 4 and through the resistance 29, whilst the current c
flows through the magnets and through the reverser 49-51. Owing to those cur-
rents the motor 4 is actuated in the direction indicated by the arrow, the pulley 6
and disc 10 being slowly rotated. The motor 15 rotates the shafts 21 and 23
coupled together until the contact brush 25 has reached the last contact, thus the
resistance being cut out the hoisting motor 4 works with all its power.
tnis moment the disc 30 is rotated so far that the bolt 31 has opened the circuit
breaker 32-34 as above described, whereby the circuit a is broken and the motor 15
stopped. The bevel wheel gearing is so adjusted that the opening of the circuit
breaker takes place, when the crank disc 17 is in the position shown in the drawing.
thereby allowing the return of the connecting rod 37 when the armature 40 leaves
the magnet 39.
At
The hoisting motor 4 continues to run until the pulley 6, the shaft 7 and the
disc 10 are turned round so far that the contact spring 14 hitherto in contact with
the plate 9 reaches the insulated part at 10. The circuits a and b are thereby bro-
ken and the armature leaves its magnet 39. Owing to the action of the spring 26 the
shaft 23 together with the one part of the coupling 22, contact brush 25, disc 30
and the whole mechanism 42, 41, 40, 38 and 37 is moved to the left. Owing to
this displacement the coupling is disengaged and the circuits c and d are broken
by removing the brush 25. When the coupling is disengaged, the brush 25 as well
as the disc 30 etc. owing to the pressure of 26 return into the position represented
in the drawing and the circuit breaker 32-34 is closed by the spring 35; when
the circuits c and d are interrupted, the motor 4 stops motion.
If now the governing disc 12 is further rotated in the same direction and the
circuits a and b again closed the process is repeated and the motor 4 each time
runs so long until the spring 14 comes to rest upon the insulated part at 10. The
greater the displacement of the spring 14, the farther the car runs, or more pre-
cisely the longer will the motor 4 run.
When the direction of rotation of the governing disc 12 is reversed, i.e. when
the disc is rotated in the direction 13 f, g. d h, the circuits f, g, d, h are created.
The motor 15 runs in reverse direction the circuits f g creating a polarity con-
trary to that of the circuit a b. The position of the current reverser is altered as
above described. the circuit h runs through the armature of the hoisting motor. 4
and the latter rotates in a direction contrary to that first described. The disc 10
will also rotate in the opposite direction and interrupts the circuits and f. as
soon as the spring 14 comes to rest upon the insulated part of the disc 10 the func-
tion of all parts in general remaining the same as above described.

page_text: In elevators having certain points of stop, the above described governing disc 12
illustrated in Figure 1 with the rope 13 and rotatable contact spring 14 may be
replaced by a number of rigid contact springs which by means of' wires are con-
nected to a corresponding number of switches fixed to the different points of stop.
In Figure 2 such an arrangement is illustrated diagrammatically: As in
Figure 14 is the hoisting motor, 29 the resistance, 25 the contact brush, 45-51
the current reverser for the magnets of the hoisting motor,' 32-34 the circuit
breaker for the résistance motor 15, 39 the magnet similar to Figure 1, 8-9 illus-
traté contact rails upon the rotatable disc 10, 14 I-14 IV are springs having the
purpose to replace the rotatable springs 14, Figure 1 58-61 illustrate switch
mechanisms arranged at the points of stop 1-IV for instance arranged in the
different floors of a house; 62-65 illustrate magnetic coils for the switch mech-
anism 58 61.
"
Figures 3 & 4 illustrate detail views of the switch mechanism. The arrange-
ment illustrated merely is an example, as numerous similar arrangements may be
employed. Figure 3 illustrates a side view and Figure 4 a plan view of the
apparatus. 66 represents a magnet having an armature 67 rotatable by means of
à handle 68. 69 illustrates a spring tending to rotate the armature so that the
circuit breaker 70-71 is open and the armature comes to lie against the pro-
jection 72. The working of the apparatus is as follows:
By means of the handle 68 the armature 67 is rotated so far that the circuit
interrupter 70-71 is closed thereby the circuit 6, the direction of which is clearly
indicated in Figure 2, is closed. The magnet is thereby excited and the arma-
ture 67 attracted so strongly that the spring 69 is not strong enough to effect a
return into the original position. When the circuit bis interrupted, the armature
leaves the magnet and owing to the spring 69 returns into its original position
thus leaving the interruptor 70-71 open.
The magnets of all switches being shunted in series they will all be excited
when any of them is excited by closure of the circuit. The attachment of the
handle 68 allows of their rotation being independent of the armature. In conse-
quence thereof no switch can be closed, when in one of them a contact is created,
but neither can this contact be broken before the circuit b is broken from another
point. The arrangement illustrated in Figure 2 works in the following manner.
Suppose the cage stands on the third floor and it is to be raised to the fourth
floor. The described switch 61 illustrated in Figure 2 is then closed, whereby the
circuits a and b are completed. The circuit b starting at + runs through the right
hand magnet coils of the auxiliary motor 15, through the contact rail 9 and
through the brush 14 IV, the switch 61 and then through all coils 62-65 so that
all armatures are attracted from their magnets and the closing of another switch
mechanism, as well as the opening of 61 being absolutely prevented.
The circuit 6 then flows through the coil 39 to
The current a
commences at 61, runs through the armature of the motor 15, through
the circuit breaker 32-34 and actuates the motor 15. The process
generally is the same as described in Figure 1. The disc 10 rotates
in the direction of the arrow until the contact spring 14 IV pushes against the
insulated part at 10, the circuit b being thereby interrupted, (the circuit a having
been interrupted beforehand by the interruptor 32-34). The consequence thereof
is that not only the magnet 39, but also all magnets 62-65 repel their armatures,
the switch 61, Figure 4, then being opened by the spring 69 (Figure 4).
When a switch in a floor situated underneath the one in which the cage stands,
the switch as for instance 59 is closed, the currents a and b would run through the
left hand magnet of the auxiliary motor 15 and through the contact plate 8, through
the spring 14 II and through the switch 59. The auxiliary motor then rotates in the
reverse direction and the circuit reverser 48-51 is altered in position. The sub-
sequent path of the current is similar to that described in Figure 1. The disc 10
rotates in the opposite direction until the insulated part has reached the contact
spring 14 II, whereby the circuit is interrupted and the car stopped.

page_text: By this arrangement it is attained that the car runs to the floor, in which one
of the switches 58-61 is closed, it being material whether the car was standing
at the first or at the fourth floor. It is impossible to intercalate more than one
switch owing to the arrangement illustrated in Figures 3 & 4.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 1 the movement of the car can be gov-
erned from the inside as well as from the outside, when two ropes are employed,
one outside and the other inside, both at their extremities being connected, thus
forming an endless rope.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 2 the governing can only be effected
from the outside.
When the car as per illustration in Figure 2 is to be governed both from the
inside and from the outside, there is arranged in the shaft and at the height of
each floor a switch mechanism, which can be reached from the inside of the car,
whilst for the outside governing switches for all floors are arranged at the outside
of the shaft, or use may be made of a combination switch having two handles, one,
which can be operated from the outside, the other one from the inside.
Such a combination switch is represented in Figures 5 and 6 in two positions.
86 is a magnet corresponding to 66 in Figures 3 and 4. 87 illustrates the armature
suitably guided at 88 and 89 so that it is forced to move against the magnet 86.
90 to 93, Figures 5 & 6. represent discs rotatable around their centre by means
of the handle 94 provided with a projection 95 and a part of the switch 96. Helical
springs 99 are employed for keeping the discs 90 in position. The armature 87
is provided with a number of slots 97 corresponding to the number of the noses 95.
Figure 5 shows that when one of the discs 90-93 is rotated, its projection 95 slides
into the slot 97 and withdraws the armature 87. Figure 6 illustrates this position
with the disc 93 and from this illustration it may be seen that the other discs 90--92
cannot be rotated for the reason that the projection 95 presses against the
armature 87. When one disc is turned round, the circuit interruptor 96 is closed
and the operation will be the following:
When a disc such as for instance 93 is turned to the right hand side by means
of the handle 94, the projection 95 withdraws the armature 87 and closes the
switch 96. The circuit of the magnet 86 is thereby closed. The path of the
current is illustrated in Fig. 7. The magnet 86 attracts the armature and holds
the same tight, so that the springs 98 and 99 are not able to effect its return before
the circuit is broken from another point. 'The circuit includes all
the magnets 86, that is all the magnets in all floors and the armatures are
attracted by the magnets; any other switch is prevented from being closed. When
the circuit is interrupted the armature 87 and the disc 93 quickly return into
their original position...
In Figure 7 the whole switch mechanism for governing the cage is clearly
to be seen outside and inside the shaft. The lettering corresponds to the switch
illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 and to the switch necessary for the arrangement
illustrated in Figure 2. In the diagrammatic view it is supposed that the switches
marked 96 and arranged at the right hand side of the line 104 can be reached from
the outside, those illustrated on the left hand side of 104 can be reached from the
inside of the car. Further it is supposed that the car stands at the third floor and
that from the car the switch for the fourth floor is closed, so that the car runs to
this fourth floor. The actuation is the same as described in Figures 1 and 2. If
owing to any circumstance, it is impossible to arrange a switch as illustrated in
Figures 5 and 6 in all the floors such an apparatus may be arranged in the car
itself in such a manner that the circuits 100-103 are connected to the circuits 14 I
-14 TV by means of sliding contacts. In similar way the switch would have to
be connected with the circuit 104.
The outer switch would have to be the one represented in Figures 3 and 4. In
Figure 8 the inner and outer governing is supposed to be arranged within the
car, furthermore the contact disc 10 and the contact plates 8 and 9 (Figures 1 and 2)

page_text: are replaced by wires within the shaft. The circuits 74-77 correspond to the
contact 9, Figure 2, and the circuits 82-85 Figure 8, correspond to the contact 8,
Figure 2. Owing to the sliding contacts 78-81 Figure 8, the outer switches 58-61
are connected to the inner switches. It is supposed, that the inner switch
for the fourth floor is closed and the path of the current is illustrated in con-
formity therewith. The car moves upwards until the contact 14 IV comes to rest
upon the interrupting part between 74 and 82, thereby effecting the interruption
of the circuit similarly to the manner described in Figs. 1 and 2. In. the switch
described in Figures 1-8 it is supposed that the armature of the auxiliary motor 15
is in shunt parallel to the magnet 39 and that the circuit a is closed as soon as the
resistance 29 is cut out.
The switch may be modified by shunting the magnet 39 behind the armature
of the motor 18, whereby the armature of the motor, after the resistance is cut out,
is closed by the switch 32-34. The switch corresponding to the illustration of
Figure 2 is represented in modified form in Figure 9. As in Figure 2 the
switch 61 is supposed to be closed and the circuit is illustrated in conformity
therewith. Generally the whole arrangement will be clear from the foregoing
specification. In Figure 1 it is supposed, that the rod 38-41 forms one single
part, so that when the magnet 39 releases the armature 40, the crank lever 37,
together with the armature 40 and the connecting rod 38-41 may return into
the original position, but only when the crank lever 36 is in the position illus-
trated. This is not always the case, for instance when the points of stop follow
one another so rapidly that a complete intercalation of the motor 4 during
the run cannot be effected. In this case the motor 15 continues its run even after
the interruption of both circuits a and b by the insulated part on the disc 10.
The crank lever 36 then may stand so that the crank rod 37 cannot return, the
same being the case with the mechanism 38, 40, 41, 44, 25, 23, 22. The
circuit to the motor 4 is not yet interrupted and the motor itself continues to run.
This can be prevented by replacing the mechanism 38, 39, 40, 41 (Figure 1), by
the mechanism in Figures 10-12. The numbers 38-41 denote parts similar to
those of Figure 1. 106 are magnet cores provided with prolongations of less
diameter 109. These prolongations 109 are guided through the frame 107. The
cores are connected together by a cross piece or bridge 108 and owing to this they
can be moved to the right or to the left. The spring 110 effects a displacement
to the left of the magnets and the crank lever 36 in Figure 1 at each rotation draws
the cores to the right hand side. The size of the apparatus is such that the
magnets 106-109, (Figs. 10, 11 and 12) are not able to attract the armature 40,
but are able to keep it in a certain position.
The operation will be as follows:
In Figure 10 the coils are excited, the cores are lying against the frame 107, and
the armature 40 by the magnets. When now the circuit is interrupted, the
armature 40 returns into the position Figures 11 and 12, but owing to the action
of the spring 110 the cores will take an intermediate position according to the
position of the crank lever 36. The spring 110 is of a length as to be able to dis-
place the latter to the left hand side when the coils are excited and the armature 40
is not attracted by the magnets. When the current is shunted, the motor 15,
Figure 1, commences its run and the coil 39 is excited. During the first revolu-
tion of the crank lever 36 the magnets 106-109 are drawn to the left by the
spring 110, so that they come to rest against the armature 40 as represented in
Figure 11. During the second revolution of the crank 36 the cores 106-109 by
means of the connecting rod 37 are drawn to the right until they adopt the posi-
tion Figure 10, but the coils being excited, the armature 40 is withdrawn. The
cores 106 now are lying against the frame 107 and remain in this position until
the circuit is interrupted. The armature 40 and the mechanism 41, 44, 25, 23 etc.
return into the original position and .the circuit to the motor 4, Figure 1, is
interrupted.

page_text: Figure 13 shows a detail view of a bevel wheel gearing as represented dia-
grammatically in Figure 1 as 18, 19 and 20.
The two bevel wheels 18 and 19 gearing with the wheel 20 are fitted loosely
upon the shaft 16 and are secured against lateral displacement by means of
collars 111. Between the two gears are arranged two sliding sleeves 113 having
ratchet teeth, which by means of feathers 114 are secured against rotation on the
shaft. A spring 112 located between the sleeves has the purpose to press the
sleeves against the bevel wheels 18 and 19. The contact surfaces between the
gearing and the slides form a coupling 115, the teeth of which are so directed that
during the revolution of the shaft 16 in one direction one bevel wheel and in the
other direction the other bevel-wheel is idle, one bevel wheel thus constantly
running.
A modification of the governing represented in Figures 1, 2, 7 and 9 is illus-
trated in Figure 14. In this illustration the contacts 8 and 9 are not formed by
plates fixed upon a disc, but by coils wound upon a cylinder. Thereby is attained
that owing to the greater length a more exact adjustment of the contact 14 is ren-
dered possible.
In elevators it is desirable to render the governing dependent on both the open-
ing and closing of the doors. This is effected in the most simple manner by con-
ducting the currents a and b or b alone through contact-pieces 116 and 117 applied
to one of the walls between which the elevator is worked and a contact 118 fixed
upon the door arranged in this wall. When turning the handle 120 of the door 119
in the way shown by the arrow Figure 16, in order to close the door, the rods 121
and 122 rigidly connected to the contact 118 are raised so as to close the circuit
of the currents running through 116 and 117. When the door is open, the
handle 120 is in the position shown in Figure 16 and the circuit a b
is opened, so that the elevator stops owing to the interruption of the con-
trolling circuit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a controller for electric elevators and the like apparatus, the combination
with an assistance motor fed from the governing current, a current reverser intro-
duced into the circuit of the hoisting motor and controlled by the auxiliary motor,
a contact series for the resistance, a contact brush sliding upon said contact series,
the contact brush being coupled to a bevel-wheel gearing constantly driven in
same direction by the auxiliary motor, the resistance during the rotation of the
assistance motor being cut out and the circuit in the assistance motor being broken,
whilst the coupling is kept in position by a magnet excited by the governing cur-
rent and only repulsed when the same is interrupted, the contact brush then
returning automatically into its original position thereby interrupting the circuit
of the hoisting motor, substantially and for the purpose as described.
2. In a controlling mechanism for electric elevators, the combination with a
disc 10 capable of rotating, contact rails 8 and 9 insulated from each other and
arranged upon said disc, each contact being connected to the auxiliary motor, a
contact spring 14 connected to the circuit of the hoisting motor and sliding upon
the disc 10, whereby the governing circuit is closed in the direction required and
interrupted according to the regulable rapidity of rotation of the disc carrying the
contact rails, substantially and for the purpose as described.
3. In a controlling mechanism for electric elevators, the combination of con-
tacts 14 connected to the hoisting motor with contacts 8 and 9 wound upon a
cylinder in form of coils, thereby a more exact adjustment of the contacts 14 being
attained, for the purpose and substantially as described:
4. In a controlling mechanism for electric elevators, the combination with -a
number of spring contacts 14 I . .
each of them being connected to the

page_text: hoisting-motor and arranged in distances corresponding to the distances of the
stop-points of the car, a disc 10 provided with contacts 8 and 9 with respect to
the contacts 14 I
adjusted so that the respective contact of a certain
stop point of the car comes to lie between the contact rails 8 and 9 upon the insu-
lated part of the disc 10, substantially and for the purpose as described.
.
5. A safety mechanism for an electrically controlled elevator consisting in ren-
dering dependent all switches, so that no switch can be closed when one of them
is actuated and this one cannot be reopened before the car has not reached the
stop point required, thereby the governing circuit being interrupted automatically,
for the purpose and substantially as described.
6. In a safety mechanism for electrically controlled elevators, the combination
with a contact disc 67 capable of rotating an electro-magnet 66 arranged in each
floor in face of the contact disc and introduced into the circuits to be closed, so
that when the magnet is excited the disc is attracted and rotation prevented, such
as to prevent a reopening of the switch and a closing of any other switch before
the governing circuit is not interrupted, substantially and for the purpose as
described.
7. In electrically controlled elevators the combination with switches arranged
in each floor, in number corresponding to the number of floors to be attended,
each of the switches adapted to be actuated and means to prevent the actuation
of the other switches, substantially and for the purpose as described.
.
8. In a controlling mechanism for electrically controlled elevators, the com-
bination with contact discs 90 91 ... provided with noses 95 which when a
disc rotates, engage into the slot of an armature located above the discs thereby
displacing the same, so that all the other contact discs are prevented to be rotated,
substantially and for the purpose as described.
9. In electrically controlled elevators the combination with sliding contacts
arranged within the shaft, provided with insulations on the different floors and
being connected at their upper and lower extremities, the contact spring of the
car sliding upon this contact and the car being stopped as soon as it has reached
the insulated part of the floor required, substantially and for the purpose as
described.
.
10. In a mechanism for altering the position of the current reverser for the
hoisting motor in electrically controlled elevators. the combination with a crank
rod 37 rotated by the auxiliary motor and engaging into a projection 52 of the
current reverser, a magnet 39, which when excited prevents the rotation of the
crank rod for the purpose and substantially as described.
11. In an electro-magnetic coupling for electrically controlled elevators, the
combination with a coupling rod, the one part of which carries the armature whilst
the other part carries the magnet cores, the latter being adapted to slide within
coils, the coupling being disengaged when the circuit exciting the coils is inter-
rupted. substantially and for the purpose as described.
12. In a controller for electric elevators the combination with a bevel wheel
communicating motion to the contact brush, two bevel wheels fitted loosely upon
an axle and moving upon the first mentioned wheel, two sliding sockets pressed
against the bevel wheels by means of a spiral spring, said sockets being provided
with teeth engaging into similar recesses of the bevel-wheels, thus forming a
coupling, the teeth being directed so as to render one wheel turning freely, the
other wheel engaging into the large bevel wheel, for the purpose and substantially
as described.
13. In a switch mechanism for electrically controlled elevators a contact brush 25
sliding upon a series of contacts 27-28. interrupting the current of the hoisting
motor when returned into original position, substantially and for the purpose as
described.
14. In electrically controlled elevators, the arrangement of circuit breakers
connected to the doors of the shaft so as to render dependent the opening and

page_text: closing of the doors from the interrupting of the governing current, substantially
and for the purpose as described.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.