Improvements relating to Insulators for Electric Wires and to Supports therefor.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 19th July, 1890-Accepted, 23rd Aug.. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Insulators for Electric Wires and to
Supports therefor.
I, DAN RYLANDS, of Hope Glass Works, Stairfoot near Barnsley in the County of
York, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to insulators for telegraph and other electric wires and to the
supports for carrying the same.
The said invention has for its object to provide a more perfect insulation for electric
wires whether used for the purpose of telegraphy or for supplying electricity for other
purposes.
According to my said invention, instead of passing the wire around or on one side
of the insulator as heretofore, 1 arrange the insulator lengthwise in the direction of the
wire to be insulated, and I pass the said wire through a hole formed in the said
insulator. The said hole may be of any suitable diameter to suit the size of the wire.
In carrying my invention into practice I make the said cylinder of glass, porcelain
or other suitable insulating material and of any suitable diameter inside, and of such a
shape or configuration outside as to enable it to be readily adapted to the position
which it is desired the same should occupy. For instance if it is desired to use the
said cylinder as an insulator for overhead wires, I make it of such external shape that.
its middle portion is somewhat less in external diameter than its two ends somewhat
though perhaps not exactly like an ordinary cotton reel.
The arms attached to the post upon which the said insulators are carried are
provided with clips of steel or other suitable metal. The said clips are of half-round
or horse-shoe shape and of a width sufficient to give a good bearing to the said
insulating cylinder when the same is placed between the prongs of the said clip.
The prongs are so arranged that, when the insulator is inserted between them, the
said prongs will act as springs to firmly hold the said insulator in its proper
position. The clips may be secured to the arms of the post by bolts or screws or
by any other suitable means.
For securing the arms upon the post, I form in the said post a circumferential
groove or recess into which the end of the said arm fits. The said arms may be
provided near their end with semicircular metal plates each pair of which may be
bolted or otherwise secured together in this groove so as to hold the said arms firmly
between them. These plates are provided with bent up portions or flanges corre-
sponding in shape to the exterior of the post so that they may be secured to the said
post by screws or the like.
Instead of fixing the insulating cylinders to the cross arms by means of clips as
above described, I sometimes make the said cylinders of a uniform external diameter
throughout their entire length, and on their external surface I form or cut a suitable
screw-thread. The cross-arm of the post, which arm may be of metal or of hard
wood is in this case provided with screw-threaded holes to receive the said screw-
threaded insulating cylinders.
If desired the screw-threaded insulator may be provided at one end with a suitable
square or hexagonal head to facilitate the screwing of the same into the holes in the
cross-arms.
When it is desired to use the improved insulating cylinder for underground wires,
I make the same considerably longer than for overhead wires, and I make the hole
through the centre of such a diameter as to adapt it for carrying one or more wires,.

page_text: as the case may be. The cylinder can in this case be supported in any well known
and suitable manner.
The ends of the said insulator may be made of such a shape as to prevent the
accumulation of water within it.
Although I have described the insulators as being cylindrical in shape, it will be
understood that I do not wish to limit myself thereto, as the same may be made of
any other suitable shape without departing from my invention.
In some cases I form or make a hole horizontally through the post, through which
hole force or drive a suitably shaped piece of hard wood or iron. In such piece of
hard wood or iron I form suitably shaped holes for receiving the insulators or the
spring clips which hold them.
Where preferred the insulating cylinder may have a horizontal slit on one side
communicating with the interior hole so that when it is desired to fix the wire in such
cylinder, the said cylinder is twisted to bring the slit uppermost and the wire can then
be introduced and the cylinder so twisted as to bring this slit into the best position
for insulating purposes.
Dated the 19th day of Octahan 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Insulators for Electric Wires and to
Supports therefor.
I, DAN RYLANDS, of Hope Glass Works, Stairfoot, near Barnsley, in the County of
York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to insulators for telegraph and other electric wires and to
supports for such insulators.
One object of my said invention is to provide a more perfect insulation than here-
tofore for electric wires or cables whether used for the purpose of telegraphy or for
the conduction of electricity for other purposes.
Another object of my said invention is to provide for carrying or supporting the
said insulators in such a manner that they can be more readily placed in position and
removed than insulators as usually constructed.
My improved insulator is arranged lengthwise in the direction of the wire or cable
to be insulated and is provided with a hole through which the latter is passed. The
said hole may be of any suitable diameter according to the size of the said wire or
cable.
In some instances the said insulator is provided with a longitudinal slit through
which the wire or cable can be passed into the central hole in the insulator.
For securing my insulators upon the post or pole, I provide the latter, or suitable
cross-arms secured thereto, with metal or other clips for holding the said insulators, or
I form upon the exterior of the said insulators suitable screw-threads which fit
corresponding internal screw-threads formed in holes in the said cross-arms.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown how my said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a plan, partly in horizontal section,
Figure 2 a front elevation, partly in vertical section, and,
Figure 3 a vertical section on the line x, x, Figures 1 and 2, illustrating insulators
and supports therefor constructed in accordance with my said invention.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are similar views illustrating another form or modification of my
said invention.

page_text: Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
A is a telegraph post or pole which may be of wood, metal or other suitable material..
B, B are the wires or cables to be insulated.
a, a are hollow cylinders or tubular pieces of glass, porcelain or other suitable
insulating material, through the central holes a' of which are passed the wires or
cables B. These insulators are of such external shape or configuration that their
middle portions are somewhat less in external diameter than their ends, so that they
somewhat resemble an ordinary cotton-reel. b, b are cross-arms the inner extremities
of which fit into a circumferential groove or recess A³ in the post A, and which are
firmly attached to the said post A by means of angle-plates & curved to fit the said
post and secured thereto by suitable screws or bolts. Or the said arms may be
attached to the post in any other convenient manner. c, c are spring clips of steel
or other suitable metal, having screw-threaded tangs or stems c' which are passed
through holes & in the said cross-arins and are secured therein by means of nuts c
or otherwise. The clips care of horse-shoe shape and of sufficient width to give a
good bearing to the insulators when placed between the prongs of the said clip. The
prongs are so arranged that the insulator can be readily inserted between them, and
when it is so inserted, the said prongs will act as springs to firmly hold the said
insulator in its proper position as shown in the drawing.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate another modification of my said invention wherein I
form or cut on the exterior of the insulating cylinders a suitable screw-threads a².
The arms b, in this case, are formed of hard wood, metal or other suitable materia!,
and are firmly secured by driving or otherwise in horizontal holes A' formed in the
post or pole A. The said arms are provided, moreover, with correspondingly screw-
threaded holes 63 adapted to receive the said screw-threaded insulating cylinders a.
The said insulating cylinders a are provided with square, hexagonal or other suitably
shaped heads or parts a³ for facilitating the screwing of the same into the holes 6 in
the cross-arms b.
When it is desired to use the improved insulating cylinders for underground wires,
I make the same considerably larger than for overhead wires and I make the hole
through the centre of such a diameter as to adapt the insulator for carrying one or
more wires as may be desired. The cylinder can, in this case, be supported in any
well known or suitable manner.
The ends of the said insulator may be made of such a shape as to prevent the
accumulation of water within it.
In some instances, the insulating cylinders are provided with longitudinal slits on
one side communicating with the interior hole thereof. When it is desired to fix
the wire in the insulators, the latter are turned about their axes so as to bring the
said slits uppermost, the wire is then introduced and the said insulators are turned to
bring the said slits into the position most favourable for insulating purposes.
Although I have described the insulators as being cylindrical in shape, it will be
understood that I do not wish to limit myself thereto, as the same may, without
departing from the nature of my said invention, be made of other suitable shape or
configuration which will enable them to be readily placed in the position which it is
desired they should occupy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it understood
that I claim :-
--
First. The combination of an insulator comprising a cylindrical or other suitably
shaped tubular piece (with or without a longitudinal slit) and a spring clip for holding
or carrying the said insulator, substantially as, and for the purpose, above specified.
Second. A tubular insulator having a slit for the introduction of the wire or cable
into the same, substantially as, and for the purpose, above specified.
Third. The modification of my invention wherein the insulator is screw-threaded and
adapted for insertion in a screw-threaded hole in the post or in an arm attached
thereto, substantially as described.

page_text: Fourth. The improved apparatus comprising the insulators and the support for
carrying the same, constructed substantially as described with reference to Figures 1,
2 and 3 or to Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes
above specified.
10 day o
DAN RYLANDS.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.