IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS."
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gideon Goold, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES FOR
REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS."
PROVISIONAL-SPECIFICATION left by the said Gideon Goold at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th March 1874.
I, GIDEON GOOLD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COCKS OR VALVES FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
.
This Invention relates to cocks or valves used for regulating the flow
of liquids, and especially to cocks used for drawing off beer, wine, water,
or other liquids from casks or barrels or for drawing off and regulating the
supply of water from water pipes or cisterns. It has for its object
simpler and cheaper methods of construction and arrangement than in
such cocks as ordinarily made, and also improved methods of attaching

page_text: them to casks or barrels from which beer or other liquid is to be drawn
off.
For the purpose of carrying out my Invention I take a straight tube
of brass or other metal, or of other suitable material, and I make one
end of this tube sufficiently sharp to cut the cork or bung of the cask or
barrel to which the cock is to be attached. I form a screw thread upon
the outside of the tube, which screw thread commences a short distance
from the sharp edge of the tube described, and is continued until
it reaches a collar formed upon or attached to the tube at a considerable
distance from the sharp end of the tube. I make openings through the
tube (between the threads of the screw) at a distance not less than the
thickness of the cork or bung from the sharp end of the tube for the
passage into the tube from the cask of the liquid.
The screw thread described may be cut upon the outside of the tube,
but I prefer to form it by winding a wire of suitable section helically
round the tube to which it is fixed by soldering or other convenient
means, and I prefer to make the outside of the tube slightly less in
diameter at its end than at the collar already described.
Where my improved valve is to be attached to a cistern or pipe it may
be fixed by soldering or screwing in the usual way. On the tube at the
other side of the collar described I make an opening on which a
discharge pipe or spout may be fixed or formed, and I close the outer
end of the tube by a stopper, cover, or cap, screwed or otherwise fixed
to the tube. Inside the tube between its cutting end and the opening
for the discharge I form an annular collar, the outer face of which forms
the seat for a valve consisting of a sphere of metal or other suitable
material attached to a screwed stem or wire which passes through a
corresponding screwed hole in the centre of the cap or cover already
described. To the outer end of the screwed stem is fixed a handle by
turning which the spherical valve is forced upon or withdrawn from the
annular ring forming its seat, and the flow of the liquid is thus regulated
exactly as required. The spherical valve may be covered with india-rubber
or other soft material, and instead of being spherical it may be made flat
or conical. The outer end of the screwed stem may be contained within a
recess in the cap or cover, and may have its end formed to fit a moveable
key without which the valve cannot be opened or closed.
"
I sometimes form the seat for the valve on the inner side. of the
annular ring against which the valve is drawn by the screwed- stem or
-

page_text: wire, or it may be forced against it by a spring or by the pressure of the
liquid, and the stem or wire need not then be screwed but may have a
knob or button at its outer end, on pressing which the valve is
opened.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Gideon Goold in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GIDEON
GOOLD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of March, in the year of
our. Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Gideon Goold, Her special licence
that I, the said Gidcon Goold, my executors, administrators, and
'assigns, or such others as I, the said Gideon Goold, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
_expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR
VALVES FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Gideon Goold, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Gideon Goold, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say) :—
"
My Invention relates to cocks or valves used for regulating the flow
of liquids, and especially to cocks used for the purpose of drawing off

page_text: :
beer, wine, or other liquids from casks or barrels, or for drawing off and
regulating the supply of water from cisterns or water pipes. It has for
its objects simpler and cheaper methods of constructing and arranging
such cocks than in those ordinarily made, and also improved methods of
attaching them to casks or barrels from which beer or other liquid is to
be drawn off.
In order to carry my Invention into operation I take a straight tube
of any suitable material, but preferably of thin brass or other metal, and
having a bore of a diameter sufficient for the purpose for which it is to
be used, and I reduce one end of this tube to an edge sufficiently sharp
to cut the cork or bung of the cask, barrel, or other vessel to which the
cock is to be fixed. I form. a screw thread upon the outside of the
tube, such screw thread commencing at a short distance from the sharp
end of the tube and being continued until it reaches a collar formed
upon or attached to the tube at a considerable distance from the sharp
end of the tube. I make holes or openings through the tube between
the threads of the screw, such holes or openings commencing not less
than the thickness of the cork or bung from the sharp end of the tube.
When the tube is forced and screwed into the cork its sharp edge cuts a
cylindrical plug from the cork, which plug remains in the end of the
tube whilst the latter is being screwed in until the collar. described is
forced against the outer side of the cork; the liquid then has free access
through the holes into the interior of the tube.
The screw thread described may be cut or formed upon the outside of
the tube, but I prefer to make it by winding a wire of suitable section
helically round the tube to which it is fixed by soldering or other
convenient means. The pitch of the screw thread may increase or
diminish as it approaches the collar, and I prefer to make the tube
slightly greater in diameter at the collar than at its outer end where the
cutting edge is formed.
Where my improved apparatus is to be attached to a cistern or pipo
it may be fixed by screwing or soldering in the usual way without the
cutting edge and the screwed thread formed as described. Or it may be
made without any screw thread so as to be hammered or driven in. I
make a discharge pipe, or spout, or opening, at the side of the tube on
the other side of the collar already described, and I close the end of the
.tube outside this discharge opening or spout by a cover, stopper, or cap

page_text: screwed or otherwise fixed or fitted to the tube, and inside the tube
between the part where the holes or openings into the tube are formed
and the discharge opening or spout I form an annular collar, the outer
face of which forms the scat for a valve consisting of a sphere of metal
or other suitable material attached to a screwed stem or wire which
-passes through a corresponding screwed hole in the centre of the cap or
cover which closes the outer end of the tube as already described. At
the outer end of this screwed stem is fixed a handle or knob, by turning
which the spherical valve is forced upon or withdrawn from the annular
ring which forms its scat, and the flow of the liquid through the cock is
thus regulated or arrested exactly as required. The spherical valve may
be covered with india-rubber or other soft material, and instead of being
made spherical it may be made flat or conical. The outer end of the
screwed stem may be contained within a recess in the cap or cover at
the end of the tube, and may have its end formed to fit a moveable key
without which the valve cannot be opened or closed. The stem of the
valve may be fixed to or form part of the cap or cover, so that when the
latter is screwed in or out it closes or opens the valve and the stem may
be continued through the tube and through a cross bar or guide attached
to the latter, a pin or collar being fixed to the end of the stem so as to
prevent the screwed cap or cover from being unscrewed too far.
Sometimes I make the spherical, conical, or flat valve to fit against
the inner end of the tube instead of against an annular scat inside the
'tube.
Sometimes I form the seat of the valve on the inner side of the
annular ring against which the valve is drawn by the screwed stem or
wire, or it may be forced against the seat by a spring or by the pressuro
of the liquid, and in such method of arrangement it is not necessary, that
the stem or wire should be screwed, but it may have at its outer end a
knob or button, upon pressing which the valve will be opened.
Sometimes I form saw-shaped teeth upon the cutting edge of the tube
or upon a steel ring fixed to the tube to facilitate the passage of the tube
through wood or other substance too hard for the plain cutting edge to
penetrate.
•
And sometimes I arrange a plate or washer outside the cork or bung,
or the part where the cock is to be inserted, and I make an internal
screw thread in this washer corresponding with the screw thread upon

page_text: the tube so that the latter is screwed through the plate or washer. The
plate or washer may be fixed in its place by screws or nails, or by points
or spikes formed upon or attached to it.
The accompanying Drawing is in illustration of my Invention.
Figure 1 is a section, and Figure 2 an elevation of a cock constructed 5
according to my Invention. a is the tube of which the cock is formed,
the end of which at 6 is sharpened to an edge, as shewn; c is a screw
thread upon the tube formed of a wire twisted helically and soldered to
the tube. Holes or apertures for the passage of the liquid into the tube
are shewn between the threads. d is a collar upon the tube; and e is 1
the discharge pipe; fis an annular collar inside the tube forming a seat
for the spherical valve g attached to the screwed stem / which works
through the cap i screwed into the outer end of the tube a. A knob k
is attached to the outer end of the screwed spindle-h.
Figure 3 shews a section and Figure 4 an elevation of a modified 1
arrangement in which the spherical valve g. is drawn against the inside
of the seat by the screwed spindle h. The outer end of the screwed
spindle is concealed in a recess in the cap or cover i and is made to fit
a suitable key which can be introduced through the end of the cap.
Figure 5 is an elevation partly in section of a different arrangement 2
in which instead of a screwed. thread upon the tube a the tube is made
of a suitable section and itself twisted or formed of a helical shape.
The part in which the spherical valve g and the screwed stem ½ are
placed is shewn of larger diameter than the helical part, and the cap or
cover i instead of being screwed in is fitted in and retained in its place 2
by a pin or screw.
Figure 6 is a view of another form of cock in which the end of the
tube a bas no cutting edge but is screwed to fit a pipe or vessel, and the
part where the valve works is shewn of larger diameter than the
remainder of the tube so as to allow greater waterway for the passage a
of the liquid.
guides 1, . The valve is
Figure 7 shews a cock with a valve g drawn against the inner end of
the tube a by the screw which is prevented from turning round by the
opened and shut by turning round the cap i
which is prevented from moving endways by a screw or pin which fits a
into a groove in the cap.

page_text: Having now described my Invention and the manner in which it is to
be performed, I do not claim the use of a cutting edge to the tube of the
cock for the purpose of passing it through a cork or bung, but I claim,―
The combination with such cutting edge of a screw thread upon
the tube of the cock, arranged substantially as described and shewn in
the Drawing.
Also the combination of the valve and scat with the screwed spindle
working through a cap or cover upon the end of the cock and the handle
or knob, substantially as described and shewn in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gideon Goold, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.