IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WORKING SHIPS' RUDDERS.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Robert Grellet, of No. 12, Grosvenor
Street, Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, and Diggory John
Cocks, of No. 38, Clarence Road West, Bow, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
WORKING SHIPS' RUDDERS.".
Sealed the 16th May 1876, and dated the 10th December 1875.
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Robert Grellet
and Diggory John Cocks at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th December 1875.
We, HENRY ROBERT GRELLET, of No. 12, Grosvenor Street,
Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, and. DIGGORY JOHN COCKS, of
No. 38, Clarence Road West, Bow, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR WORKING SHIPS' RUDDERS," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to obtain increased control and safety
in the working of. ships? rudders. For this purpose, whilst the tiller is)

page_text: capable of being worked under ordinary circumstances, when increased
power is required in working, the tiller is capable of being connected to
a segmental frame turning on the main piece or axis of the rudder by
means of pawls or such-like self-acting means, and this segmental frame
on the outer surface of its segment is formed with grooves to receive
two separate chains. One end of one of these chains is connected to one
end of a spindle or bolt, which passes through an abutment, and a series
of powerful india-rubber springs, or other spring or springs, and its
end is provided with an adjustable screw nut and washer, by which the
extent of tension exerted by the spring or springs is regulated. The
abutment acts to assist the pressure of the springs. The other end of
this chain passes from its segmental groove around a guide pulley, and
is connected to an eccentric pulley affixed on a spindle which also carries
a worm wheel; the teeth of which are taken into by a worm on the axis
of the steering wheel, and which worm also takes into the teeth of
another worm wheel affixed on another shaft, which also carries another
eccentric pulley connected in like manner to one end of the other chain,
which in like manner passes over a guide pulley to work in the other
groove of the segment, and is thence connected at its other end to spring
arrangements, such as described.
r
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Robert Grellet and Diggory John Cocks in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th June 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
ROBERT GRELLET, of No. 12, Grosvenor Street, Camberwell, in the 2
County of Surrey, and DIGGORY JOHN COCKS, of No. 38, Clarence Road
West, Bow, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty- 3
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Henry Robert Grellet and Diggory John
Cocks, Her special license that we, the said Henry Robert Grellet and

page_text: Diggory John Cocks, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Henry Robert Grellet and Diggory John Cocks,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR WORKING SHIPS' RUDDERS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Henry Robert Grellet and Diggory John Cocks,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Diggory John Cocks, on behalf
of myself and the said Henry Robert Grellet, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:
The object of the Invention is to obtain increased control and safety
with strength and security in the working of ships' rudders. For this
purpose, whilst the tiller is capable of being worked as usual under
ordinary circumstances, when increased power is required, the tiller iş
capable of being connected by means of pawls or such-like self-acting
means to a segmental frame turning on the main piece or axis of the
rudder, and this segmental frame on the outer surface of its segment is
formed with grooves to receive two separate chains or bands. One end
of one of these chains or bands is connected to one end of a spindle or
bolt which passes through an abutment, and through a series of powerful
india-rubber springs, or other spring or springs, and at its end is
provided with an adjustable screw nut and washer, by which the extent
of tension exerted by the spring or springs is regulated. The abutment
acts to assist the pressure of the springs. The other end of this chain
or band passes from its segmental groove around a guide pulley, and is

page_text: "
connected to an eccentric pulley affixed on a spindle which also carries
a worm wheel, the teeth of which are taken into by a worm on the axis
of the steering wheel, and which worm also takes into the teeth of
another worm wheel affixed on another shaft, which also carries another
eccentric pulley connected in like manner to one end of the other chain
or band, which in like manner passes över a guide pulley to work in the
other groove of the segment, and is thence connected at its other end to
annin
uch as decomibed
sectional view, and Figures 4 and 5 parts separately of an arrangement
of apparatus according to our Invention.
In all the views the same letters are employed to indicate corre-
sponding parts.
a represents a portion of the rudder head; and b, the tiller keyed or
otherwise fastened thereto for actuating the rudder. In addition to the
tiller, which may be of the ordinary character, and when desired worked
in the ordinary manner, there is applied and worked on the rudder head,
but so as to turn freely thereon, the segmental frame c. This segmental
frame c, when increased power is required to work the rudder, is capable
of being connected to the tiller, so that power applied to actuate the
segmental frame will then in like manner actuate the tiller and the
rudder with it. The means of connection between the segmental frame
and the tiller we find to answer well consists of the pawls d, d, which
are capable of turning on the pins d', d', in bearings formed for them in
the frame c, and of being held up out of the way of the tiller 6 by a
straight chain, or band, or book, or otherwise; but when released their
outer ends have a tendency to fall into position to act upon and lock the
frame c with the tiller b, as shown by Figures 4 and 5. When the
frame c has been so locked with the tiller the rudder will be worked by
operating on the frame c in the following manner: The outer portion
or segment of the frame c is formed with two grooves c³, c', to receive

page_text: separate chains e, f, represented by colored dotted lines. One end of the
chain e is connected at one end to one end of a spindle or bolt g, which
passes through the abutment c² formed in the frame c, and thence
through a series of powerful india-rubber springs 9¹, g¹, or they might be
other suitable springs, and then at its end this bolt g is provided with
an adjustable nut and washer gå, by which the power exerted by the
springs employed may be regulated. The springs g', g', act between the
abutment c² and the nut and washer 9. This chain e thence passes into
one of the grooves c¹ formed for it in the frame c; thence partly round
a pulley i, and is connected at its other end by a stud or other
connection to the eccentric pulley ; affixed on the axis or spindle ³,
which is supported to revolve in suitable bearings, and upon which is
also affixed the worm wheel 2, the teeth of which are taken into by the
teeth of the worm k. This worm k is affixed on the shaft or axis k¹,
which is supported to turn in bearings, as shown, and has applied to it
the handle or steering wheel k². The worm k also takes into the teeth
of another worm wheel m simultaneously to give motion to it, and this
wheel m is affixed to a shaft or axis m', which is also like the shaft or
axis supported to revolve in suitable stationary bearings, and has
affixed upon it another eccentric pulley m², to which is connected by
stud or otherwise one end of the chain f, which thence like the chain e
passes partly round a pulley h and into the other groove c¹ of the
frame c, and is at its other end connected to one end of a spindle or bolt
acted upon by springs g', or other suitable springs in like manner to that
described in respect of the chain e. The eccentrics j and m² are placed
on their respective axes, so that the force exerted by them in drawing
upon the chains e or f will progressively increase with the strain put on
the rudder in operating it for heaving over. Thus it will be seen that
the tiller and the frame c may when required be readily and safely
connected together, and then by turning the steering wheel k² a firm yet
somewhat elastic motion may be given in the direction desired to the
frame c, and thence to the tiller 6 and to the rudder.
Having thus described our Invention, and means which we adopt in
carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the particular arrangement of the parts as shown
and described, as the same may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of the Invention; but what we claim is, the arranging

page_text: or combining parts for facilitating the working of ships' rudders when
increased power is required, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Diggory John Cocks, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
D. J. COCKS. (L.S.)