matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED GUIDE FOR THE FINGER BOARDS OF MUSICAL STRINGED INSTRU- MENTS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Semple at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th January 1854.
I, DANIEL SEMPLE, of the 1st Bombay European Regiment Fusiliers, now
at Aden, in South Arabia, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED GUIDE FOR THE FINGER BOARDS OF MUSICAL STRINGED INSTRU-
MENTS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and employment of projecting pieces of
peculiar construction fixed to the finger-boards of musical stringed instruments,
and at those precise parts thereof where notes are required to be taken, said
pieces being employed as guides, so that, when the fingers of the performer, as
they are passed up and down the finger-board, come immediately over one or
other of such said guides, by pressing the fingers thereon, and upon that part
of the string which is opposite thereto, the note may always be stopped
correctly and with unerring certainty at the same part of the finger-board,
thereby effecting by mechanical means that which heretofore has been entirely
dependent upon the skill and judgment of the performer. It should be
observed that at those parts of the finger-boards where semi-tones are required
to be taken, it is proposed to make the guides employed for that purpose
smaller than those for the full tones, so as to render them distinguishable from
each other as the fingers are passed over them. These guides may, if preferred,

page_text: be rendered more sensitive to the touch by affixing knots of thread or other
projections in the notched part thereof. The following description will, however,
assist in explaining the construction of the before-mentioned guide pieces,
and the mode of arranging and disposing the same upon the finger-boards of
instruments, as follows:-The guides must be made in the form of a true
notch that is to say, with the highest parts of the notch at equal distances
from the lowest or centre part thereof, at which point the note is required to
be stopped, thus:-
These guides are fixed to the finger-board in a line with and by the side
of each string, and said guides are placed at distances asunder previously
determined upon for producing certain tones by pressing upon the strings
whilst the fingers are within the notches in the guides, thereby enabling the
performer to stop any particular note with ease and certainty. The fingers
passing freely over the inclines 1, 1, as the hand is moved up and down the
finger-board.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF PURIFYING, CLARIFYING, AND REDUCING THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF OILS OR FATTY BODIES, AND ALSO OF CLARIFYING FERMENTED LIQUIDS, WITH THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN THE SAID PROCESSES
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Beck Froggart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th August 1854.
I, ROBERT BECK FROGGART, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Analytical and Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF
PURIFYING, CLARIFYING, AND REDUCING THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF OILS OR FATTY
BODIES, AND ALSO OF CLARIFYING FERMENTED LIQUIDS, WITH THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS USED IN THE SAID PROCESSES," to be as follows:-
In Sheet 1 of the accompanying outline Drawings I shew one form of
apparatus, which consists of a large barrel or vessel of any convenient material
perforated at the bottom. To cach of these perforations I attach bags made
of leather or other suitable material with taps, through which the oil or liquid
is filtered; I cover the holes at the bottom of the aforesaid vessel with coarse
copper wire gauze, and place a layer of the double sulphate of potassa and
alumina about six inches deep, and then another covering of the copper wire
gauze; at the top of which I put a layer of rough animal charcoal, about twelve
inches deep, with another covering of the copper wire gauze, and then a layer
of silicated potash, and at the top of all a covering of hair felting, about two

page_text: inches thick. In purifying or clarifying fish and other animal oils which have
obnoxious smells, I use quick lime, soda, chloride of lime, magnesia, the
chloride of calcium, and the basic red sulphate of iron, both in a crystaline
and liquid state. In No. 2 Sheet of the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1
represents another form of apparatus to answer instead of the one I have just
described, and which will be found very convenient when there is not room for
a very large vessel, as I obtain the necessary pressure upon the oil or fluid to
force it through the filtering apparatus by means of the air-punip shewn in the
said Drawing, which, by extracting or exhausting the air from the top part of
the vessel, causes a partial vacuum, and thus forces the liquid downwards by
the weight of the surrounding air. Fig. 2, in No. 2 Sheet, shews another
form of apparatus by which I generate sacre carbonic gas for the purpose of
thoroughly washing the oil or liquid to clean and sweeten it, and to give any
quality of inferior oil the taste, flavor, and odour of Gallipoli oil, and also to
give fermented liquids a brilliant appearance; and in order to give other oils
the color and tinge of olive oil, I use the basic acetate of copper.
A NEW SYSTEM OF OVEN FOR METALS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oscar Delloye Smal at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th September
1854.
I, OSCAR DELLOYE SMAL, Manufacturer, in Huy, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW SYSTEM OF OVEN FOR METALS" to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of oven, adapted for the
heating of metals and alloys of metals preparatory to their being subjected to
the action of rolls for rolling them into bars or sheets. Above the fire-place
are two heating chambers, placed one above the other, and they are severally
connected with the fire-place by sets of side flues, which conduct the flame and
heated gases upwards to the heating chambers.
In these chambers the metals which are intended to be subjected to the
nction of the rolls are from time to time placed, where they remain until they
have attained the required degree of heat. The vertical side flues are con-
nected together by horizontal flues, which open to the atmosphere, and are
intended to admit air to the side flues, and thereby regulate the heat of the
oven. These horizontal flues are provided with suitable dampers for shutting
off the air. By the use of this arrangement of oven an economy of fuel is
effected, and little or no oxidation of the metals takes place.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS, AND CASES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward William Abbott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
May 1854.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM ABBOTT, of Regent's Quadrant, in the County of
Middlesex, Laceman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF UMBRELLAS AND
PARASOLS, AND CASES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates chiefly to the modification of the form of certain
parts of umbrellas, the object being to render such articles less bulky when
closed, and to give them a more sightly appearance when in their case.
Instead of making the stem or stick of the umbrella of a round tube, I con-
struct it of rolled metal, having the figure of a cross in cross section. The
angular recesses thus obtained I use to receive the ribs and stretchers of the
umbrella, two of which lie in each recess. The stretchers I make by preference
of steel, which permits of the forked ends being reduced in size, without
unduly diminishing the strength thereof. In place of the ordinary wheel used
for carrying the ribs, I string them on to a metal ring, which I support in
notches cut in the leaves or ribs of the central stem; and to the stem near the
extremities of the course of the runner I attach bow springs, for the purpose
of binding against the inner periphery of the runner, and holding it in position,
whether the umbrella be opened or closed. By this arrangement I am enabled
to do away with the common spring catches.

page_text: These modifications are applicable either wholly or in part to the construc-
tion of parasols.
The improvement which I propose in the cases of umbrellas and parasols
consists in attaching to the mouth of the case a metal or other rigid ring,
which will facilitate the putting on and removal of the case, and, fitting the
lower part of the handle, will hold the case in position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Blunt and Joseph John
William Watson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th October 1854.
We, CHARLES BLUNT, of Sydenham, in the County of Kent, Gentleman,
and JOSEPH JOHN WILLIAM WATSON, of Wandsworth, in the County of Surrey,
Doctor of Philosophy, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL " to be
as follows:
The nature and intention of our said improvements are, firstly, the mecha-
nical construction and arrangements of a centrifugal machine and apparatus,
by which we pulverize, reduce, prepare, and commingle the materials com-
posing our said artificial fuel.
Secondly, the mechanical constructions and arrangements of passages,
channels, or conduits distributed in radiating lines in and around the sub-
basin of such centrifugal machine, by which means we condense, compress,
and direct towards the moulds, the said materials, affording to the mass the
requisite consistency.
And, thirdly, the,mechanical construction and arrangements of iron or other
metallic moulds in connection with the said channels, passages, or conduits,
and arranged round the circumference or periphery of the basin or sub-basin

page_text: of such machine, by the agency of which we effect regular, spherical,
spheroidal, or other suitable and convenient forms.
We use the first in the application of centrifugal force to effect the pul-
verization, commingling, reduction, or mixture of any or of all the materials
employed in such artificial fuel; the seccond, the operations operations of
compression, condensation, and direction in the sub-basin of the centrifugal
machine prior to the mass reaching the moulds; and, third, the striking into
the moulds by percussive action to give the requisite precision of form.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN KNEADING MACHINES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Marie Julien Louis Bouvet
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1854.
I, JEAN MARIE JULIEN LOUIS BOUVET, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris,
in the Empire of France, and of 16, Castle Street, Holborn, (City) London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
KNEADING MACHINES" to be as follows, viz. :-
My improvements consist in a square kneading box or trough, which swings
in gudgeons on its ends. This box being filled with the materials to be
kneaded, and closed by a lid, is set to turn by means of a toothed wheel
keyed on one of the gudgeons, into which gears a suitable train of wheels, the
last of which is driven by a handle or any suitable motive power.
On the opposite gudgeon is keyed a wheel, which by means of suitable
wheel gear sets in motion a fan or ventilator. This gudgeon is hollow so as
to allow of introducing into the kneading box the air furnished by the venti-
lator, and thus to facilitate the action of the yeast or barm.
By heating the pipe which leads from the ventilator to the gudgeon, the air
introduced into the dough may be heated, which becomes almost indispensable
in winter time or when the yeast is not strong.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES IN GLASS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rice Harris and Rice Williams
Harris at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th May 1854.
We, RICE HARRIS and RICE WILLIAMS HARRIS, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Glass Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES IN
GLASS to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists in the use of an expanding core mounted on an
horizontal plate. The article to be treated is first hollowed, and then placed
upon this core, which being formed in sections and made to expand by
suitable machinery, stretches the glass to the required size and shape." The
core may be revolved with considerable velocity, the glass article remaining
stationary; or the glass be revolved and the core remain stationary; or both
may be at rest, and the expansion of the core used to give a particular pattern
or form to the glass. The core is made to collapse as soon as it is desired to
remove the article under manipulation.
AN IMPROVED SUPPORT OF LAMPS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Louis Schlossmacher at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
January 1854.
I, JEAN LOUIS SCHLOSSMACHER, of Paris, in the French Empire, Lamp
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
SUPPORT OF LAMPS " to be as follows:-
Figure 1 is an elevation of a support for a lamp; and Figure 2 is a section
of the same.
These supports are generally made solid, but I make them hollow so as to
form a receptacle adapted for the reception of the trimming scissors c, and
the cottons d, and stick f, and an annular plate e, for placing round the
burner of the lamp to receive the fragments which fall in trimming the wick.

page_text: The support itself consists of the two pieces, a and b, the uppermost of which b,
forms a cover for the lower part a, and has a shallow recess or ledge for the
reception of the body of the lamp m. The cover b may be loose, or hinged to
the piece a, or it may be made to slide into its place.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTERS BLANKETS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by James Simpson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th September
1854.
I, JAMES SIMPSON, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Woollen
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTERS BLANKETS " to be as follows:-
Hitherto," printers' blankets" have been manufactured with an entirely wool
warp and weft. My improvement consists in the introduction or employment
of worsted warp instead of the ordinary wool warp, the weft of the cloth
being of wool as usual; by which combination I am enabled to produce a
"printer's blanket" of much greater durability and of a better quality, as by
this mode of manufacture the blanket is capable of yielding a much clearer
impression than is at present generally obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING POWER BY CARBONIC ACID GAS
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Goodchap at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd April
1854. A communication.
I, WILLIAM GOODCHAP, of Walbrook House, Walbrook, in the City of
London, Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING POWER BY CARBONIC ACID GAS," (being a commu-
nication from Hume Greenfield, at present residing in New Orleans, and the
same Invention as that for which Provisional Protection was granted to the
said Hume Greenfield on the 22nd of October last,) to be as follows:-
It has been before proposed to obtain power by the application of carbonic
acid gas condensed into a liquid, by subjecting such liquified gas alternately
to heat and cold; now this Invention consists of improvements in the appa-
ratus employed when using liquified carbonic acid gas as a means of obtaining
power. For this purpose, the gas having been obtained in the liquified state
in a suitable receiver, which it is preferred should consist of tubes, and which
is called the refrigerator, it is withdrawn by means of a force pump, worked
by the engine, and forced into a series of tubes contained in a series of reser-
voirs filled with heated oil, by which the liquified gas becomes heated and ex-
panded; and from these tubular apparatus the liquified gas passes into one or
other of two chambers fixed at the ends of the working cylinder, in which works
a piston in a similar manner to a reciprocating steam engine. The chambers

page_text: at the two ends of the working cylinder are each equal in capacity with the
working cylinder, and they are filled with oil. The heated liquified gas is
admitted by a suitable valve into one of these chambers, by which it will press
on the oil, and move the piston to the other end of the cylinder, and drive the
oil into the chamber at the other end of the cylinder, which will cause the
liquified gas previously therein to pass again into the refrigerator. by the use of
a suitable valve and pipe. The incoming of the heated gas into the chamber
first mentioned will now be cut off by a suitable valve, and another valve will
be opened to permit the liquified gas to flow into the refrigerator, and which it
will be caused to do by the piston. in the working cylinder being driven back
by the flow of heated liquified gas into the chamber at the other end of the
cylinder as soon as it has been emptied of its previous charge, as above men-
tioned, and the valves have been reversed by the working of the engine, and
the force pump will be continually caused by the working of the engine to
withdraw liquified gas from the refrigerator, and force it into the heating
apparatus in the reservoirs.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OF CREATING A VACUUM OR PARTIAL VACUUM FOR EVAPORATIVE PURPOSES
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Aspinall at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June 1854.
I, JOHN ASPINALL, of Tavistock Square, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MEANS OF CREATING A VACUUM OR PARTIAL VACUUM FOR EVAPORATIVE PURPOSES "
to be as follows:--
My Invention consists in creating a vacuum or partial vacuum in sugar
and other like pans by means of steam introduced through a blast pipe.
IMPROVE- MENTS APPLICABLE TO GUNS, CANNON, OR ORDNANCE, RIFLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR IMPLEMENTS OF WAR OR THE CHASE, FOR MORE ACCURATELY AIMING AT THE OBJECT TO BE STRUCK BY PROJECTILES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James John Field at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th January
1854.
I, JAMES JOHN FIELD, of Charles Terrace, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS APPLICABLE TO GUNS, CANNON, OR ORDNANCE, RIFLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR
IMPLEMENTS OF WAR OR THE CHASE, FOR MORE ACCURATELY AIMING AT THE OBJECT
TO BE STRUCK BY PROJECTILES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in adapting to a gun, rifle, or other similar im-
plement of war or the chase, a telescope provided with fine cross lines, such
as are usually adapted to the telescopes of levels, theodolites, and other similar
instruments.
This telescope is to be attached to the barrel of the gun in such a manner
that it will be capable of adjustment, according to the distance of the
object.
In taking aim the person will apply his eye to the eye piece of the tele-
scope, and cause the intersection of the cross lines to cover the object to be
struck, and supposing the distance to have been correctly estimated and the
sight adjusted accordingly, by either elevating or depressing the same the
projectile will be found to strike the object with much greater accuracy than
with the usual sight.

page_text: Instead of making the telescope sight adjustable on the barrel it may be
be permanently fixed thereon, in which case it will be found convenient to
have two or more horizontal lines in the telescope, so that the bearer of the
weapon may take aim with either of the lines, according to the distance he
may be from the object.
It will, of course, be understood that any optical arrangement, whereby a
distant object may be distinctly seen, may be employed in the construction of
the telescope.
As the eye in taking aim must necessarily be brought close to the eye piece
and would be liable to be injured by the recoil of the gun when fired, the eye
piece is connected by a rack and pinion or otherwise to the lock of the gun,
so that when the haminer descends the eye piece is shot forward, but will be
brought back to its proper position for taking aim a second time when the
hammer is drawn back.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING THE WHEELS OF CARRIAGES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Etienne Jacques Feuillatre at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
May 1854.
I, ETIENNE JACQUES FEUILLATRE, of Paris, in the French Empire, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR CLEANSING THE WHEELS OF CARRIAGES" to be as follows:-
I construct a trough of a segmental form with flat sides, into which the
lower part of the wheel may be immersed. The trough is covered on the
interior with brushes. This trough is passed under the wheel, which is raised
up for the purpose, and the wheel is then allowed to come in contact with the
brushes. Water is poured into the trough and the wheel is turned round and
round; the tire and felloes of the wheel and part of the spokes are thus
rapidly cleansed by the brushes. The nave and the adjoining part of the
spokes are cleansed by a hand-brush in the usual manner. An aperture for
drawing off the water may be made at the bottom of the trough and closed by
a valve or otherwise.
THE PREPARATION OF ASPHALTUM, COAL TAR, RESIN, RESIN OIL, NAPTHA, AND TURPENTINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMP BLACK
Year: 1854

page_text: Sealed the 7th April 1854, and dated the 11th February 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Rogers at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th February
1854.
I, JOHN ROGERS, of. No., 170, West 21st Street, in the City and County and
State of New York, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "THE PREPARATION OF ASPHALTUM, COAL TAR, RESIN,
RESIN OIL, NAPTHA, AND TURPENTINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMP BLACK," to
be as follows:-
To asphaltum, coal tar, resin, resin oil, turpentine, or naptha, in the state
they are respectively used for the manufacture of lamp black, I add, by mixing
or stirring in, from three to eight per cent. of unslacked lime in fine powder,
using the eight per cent. of lime for the asphaltum, coal tar, and resin, which

page_text: I believe, from their greater degree of acidity, require the larger portion of
lime to form a combination. It is also necessary to heat these substances
sufficiently to give them fuidity previous to mixing in the lime.
The oil of resin, naptha, and turpentine being fluid, will form combinations
with lime by stirring it intimately with them in the proportion of three per
cent. at the usual temperatures. Having having made combinations of the
afore-mentioned substances with dry lime, anhydrous lime, they are now in
a fit state for the manufacture of lamp black by combustion in close apartments
in the usual manner.
I consider that the division of the substances by the addition of anhydrous
lime that are to undergo combustion, gives a greater degree of uniformity to
that combustion and the formation of particles of carbon in a minuter form;
and hence the lamp black prepared from these afore-mentioned combinations
with lime possesses a deeper shade or greater body of colour. Likewise, to a
considerable extent, the combination of lime with the aforesaid substances give
a resistance to their volatilization before combustion, preventing greatly the.
black being contaminated with such volatile products as are generally formed
during the combustion of these substances for the preparation of lamp black.
Also that the lime has a specific effect in attracting to itself portions of the
water which is generated during the combustion of the aforesaid substances,
and materially interferes with the production of good black.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,
the combination of asphaltum, coal tar, resin, resin oil, naptha, and turpentine,
with unslacked lime finely ground, or similar substances, as potash or soda, or
the carbonates of potash or soda, forming similar combinations, and using the
substances so prepared for the manufacture of lamp black in the usual
manner.
A FAN PARASOL OR SUN SHADE
Year: 1854

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Chant at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th March 1854.
I, GEORGE CHANT, of Stoke-sub-Hamdon, in the County of Somerset,
Glove Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "A FAN
PARASOL OR SUN SHADE" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing fan parasols or sun shades, with a
framework of rods or arms so formed and so arranged or disposed, that by
means of levers or cords, or slides or springs, or other suitable contrivances,
or combination of them, the shades may be spread or opened, or may be
collapsed or closed at pleasure.
The accompanying sketch illustrates that which I consider the best mode of
putting my Invention in practice.
Figure 1 is an edge view, and Figure 2 a face view. a is a centre rod fixed
in a handle b; c, c, are side rods or arms cranked at their lower ends and
jointed at their elbows or bends to the rod a, the projecting extremities of the
said lower ends being attached by means of short connecting rods d, d, to
the slide e, upon the rod a, by means of which slide the shade may be collapsed
from the distended position in which it is represented, or, when spread, may be
collapsed as desired. The rods or arms a and c may be either straight or curved.
The dotted lines roughly shew how the silk or other covering may be
applied.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Calvert and William
Mitchell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th September 1854.
We, EDMUND CALVERT, of Walton-le-Dale, in the County of Lancaster,
Spinner and Manufacturer, and WILLIAM MITCHELL, of the same Place,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
The nature of our Invention consists in an improved combination of parts
for checking the momentum of the shuttle when it enters the shuttle box, and
for checking the picker when the shuttle has been picked. The inode of
effecting these objects is by means of a short check strap connected to each
shuttle box. This strap has a hole at each end, and is supported by the shuttle
box spindle. The centre of the strap is connected to a lever, which is hinged
to a stud fixed in the lay bottom; this lever works between catches, also fixed
to the lay bottom. The strap may be in one piece, as described, or in two or
more pieces, so as to facilitate the shortening thereof in proportion to its
lengthening by tension. When the shuttle enters the shuttle box, it comes
against the picker, and causes it to move the check strap towards the end of
the shuttle box, until the lever, to which the check strap is attached, comes

page_text: against one of the catches before referred to; by this means the momentum
of the shuttle is arrested. When the shuttle has been picked, the picker
comes against the other end of the check strap, and draws the lever towards
the looin side until it comes in contact with the other catch; by this means
the momentum of the picker is arrested. Another modification of our Inven-
tion may be constructed in the following manner :-Two short straps are made
to slide on the shuttle spindle; one of these straps is made fast to the end of
the shuttle box, and serves to check the momentum of the picker; the other
passes through a staple in the lay bottom, and is furnished with a stop piece,
which stop piece is drawn against the staple when the shuttle arrives in the
shuttle box. The two straps above referred to are secured together where
they cross each other, and each strap may be provided with a buckle to take
up the slack when requisite.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROTECTING UNDERGROUND TELEGRAPH WIRES
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher James Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th December 1854.
I, CHRISTOPHER JAMES TAYLOR, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford,
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PROTECTING UNDERGROUND TELEGRAPH WIRES" to be as follows, that is
to say :-
The Invention consists in enclosing underground telegraph wires in an iron
casing, formed of an upper and under skelp or strip, the under one being flat
and turned up at right angles at the edges, thus
The upper
one is formed nearly half round, and slightly turned back at the edges,
this is then laid in the under plate or skelp thus,
and from its arched form is not liable to damage from weights passing over it.
These skelps or plates may be made in convenient lengths, and the upper ones
either dropped or slid into the lower ones. Some provision would necessarily
have to be made for taking up these casings in case of breakage of the wire,
and this could be done by allowing the upper and lower plates at certain
intervals, say, one hundred yards, to fit more loosely, and to be secured in
their proper position by a screw, or any other suitable mode.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE DRILL
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lawes Cole at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th October
1854.
I, JOHN LAWES COLE, of Henry Street, Salmon's Lane, Limehouse, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE DRILL" to be as
follows:-
The chief object of this Invention is to provide a ready means of boring
holes in gas and water mains, for the purpose of attaching thereto branch
pipes. To effect this object, I provide the drill with a clamping frame, which
consists of two side bars, connected to a cross bar at about the middle of their
length by adjustable pins, which pass through them and through holes in the
cross bar. A series of holes is made in the several bars, to permit of the side
bars being set at varying distances apart, to suit the different diameters of pipe
to which it may be required to apply the drill. The outer extremities of the
side bars are thrust apart by means of nuts on a right and left handed screw,
which passes through the extremities of these bars, and thus the opposite ends
of the side bars are caused to bind upon the pipe. The cross bar carries a
hollow standard, from which a bracket projects, to receive the bearing of the
drill socket. A binding screw fitted into this standard is employed to force a
binding piece into contact with the pipe to be bored, and thus to complete the

page_text: grip of the frame upon the pipe. The drill socket works freely in its bearing,
and is capable of sliding therein, which it is caused to do when the drill is in
action by means of a screw which bears upon it, and is gradually depressed by
the operator as the boring proceeds to keep the drill up to its work. An axial
motion is imparted to the drill by means of a spring bolt, which is actuated by "
a hand lever, and takes into a plate with ratchet teeth cast upon its face; but
any ordinary click arrangement may be used, if thought desirable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND FINISHING FLOOR CLOTHS, OR ANY OTHER FABRICS OR MATERIALS PRINTED IN OIL COLORS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Flitcroft and Thomas
Evans at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 13th July 1854.-A communication.
We, WILLIAM FLITCROFT, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, and THOMAS EVANS, of Manchester, in the same County, Printer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING
AND FINISHING FLOOR CLOTHS, OR ANY OTHER FABRICS OR MATERIALS PRINTED IN
OIL COLORS," as communicated to us from abroad, to be as follows:-
Instead of using the printing blocks for each color, viz., a color block and a
blotch block, as now adopted, we only use one color block for each color used
in the pattern, and then one finishing or flushing block which flushes all the
colors at once. This block we use dry, that is, we don't dip it in the different
colors and then apply it to the material, but we press it on the material which
has the pattern already formed by the different colors with the first blocks,
and this finishing block so exactly fits the pattern that it constantly meets the
same parts of the material having the same color on it, and therefore does not
require wipeing or cleaning at every application. By this plan we prevent

page_text: the necessity of using a number of blocks; for instance, on the present plan,
if the pattern is composed of eight colors, sixteen blocks will be required, or
double the number of colors; whereas by our improved plan we shall only
require nine blocks, viz., one block for each color and one finishing block for
the whole.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE AMALGAMATION OF GOLD ORES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles de Bussy, of 45, Mornington Road, Regent's
Park, in the County of Middlesex, Mining Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE AMALGAMATION OF
GOLD ORES."
Sealed the 28th April 1854, and dated the 27th February 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles de Bussy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
February 1854.
I, CHARLES DE BUSSY, of 45, Mornington Road, Regent's Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Mining Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE
AMALGAMATION OF GOLD ORES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved system or mode of separating the
pure gold from the ore after having been subjected to the ore crushers, and
O consists in the employment of a revolving vessel of a parabolic section con-
taining the requisite amount of mercury. On communicating a rotatory
motion to this vessel, the centrifugal force causes the mercury to rise up its
sides in the form of a thin film or sheet. The ore is then introduced in the

page_text: form of mud, which first falls on a conical plate fitted over the vessel, and
leaving an annular space between its periphery and the inside of the vessel,
through which space the mud is caused to fall, and in its descent it slides
down the sloping sides of the vessel, whereby the gold sinks into the
mercury, whilst the mud falls to the bottom, and is discharged at suitable
openings.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BRAKES FOR RAILWAYS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hewling Luson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th November 1854.
I, JOHN HEWLING LUSON, of Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BRAKES FOR RAILWAYS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a peculiar hydrostatic arrangement, by means of
which I am enabled to actuate the brake blocks for stopping railway carriage
wheels and cranes, and for other like purposes.
When it is required to press two brake blocks in opposite directions, as
between two side wheels of a railway vehicle, I recommend the upper end of
the brake block to be attached to the framework of, the carriage, and sus-
pended from suitable brackets. I arrange a cylinder horizontally, having two
plungers, one at each end, the outer ends of the plungers being attached to the
brake blocks. In the side of the cylinder is a pipe, for admitting water
thereto between the two plungers when applying the brakes, and a stop-cock
for letting out water to release the brakes. The cylinder and its plungers,
being fitted water-tight, is connected by the aforesaid pipe with the feed pump
of the engine, or may be worked by other means, and may be supplied with

page_text: water from the tender, or from an independent cistern provided with requisite
valves, operated by manual labour applied to a weighted lever, or by other
means, for the purpose of applying the brake or brakes.
I propose to work all the brakes in a railway train simultaneously by means
of one force pump, the water pipes between one vehicle and another being
connected by flexible tubing.
My improved brakes may be considerably modified, and are applicable to
single wheels, and also to cranes, and for similar purposes. The novelty of my
said improvement consists in the peculiar adaptation of the hydrostatic
arrangement described.
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCREW PROPELLERS AND MACHINERY FOR DRIVING THE SAME
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Pritchard at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th February
1854.
I, JAMES PRITCHARD, of Portsea, in the County Hants, do hereby declare
the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCREW
PROPELLERS AND MACHINERY FOR DRIVING THE SAME " to be as follows:-
-
This Invention has for its object a better construction or form of screw pro-
peller than those at present used, and also improved arrangements of machinery
for giving motion to the same.
In constructing a screw propeller according to my Invention, in place of
every part of the blades being perpendicular or at right angles to the central
axis, as heretofore, I construct such propeller blades with the middle portion
only perpendicular or at right angles to the central axis, and the other parts,
as they depart from the middle of a blade, depart from being perpendicular to
the central axis, in such manner that the forward and back edges of the blade
of a screw, in place of being perpendicular to the central axis, spring from the
outer surface of the axis of the propeller; the forward edge springing from one
side of the axis, and the other or back edge springing from the other side
of the axis, and consequently at a point distant from the central axis. The
line of the outer periphery is at or about an angle of 45° to the central axis,

page_text: and I prefer that the blade should be somewhat more than half a screw at the
root of the blade where it joins the axis, and of a like length at the periphery,
and that the forward and back edges of each blade should be of a curved form
struck from the centre of the blade. I make each blade strong in substance
near the axis, and diminish it to a thin edge towards the periphery and towards
the forward and back edges. The driving shaft is made in two parts, which
ordinarily are not connected, but may be so by suitable couplings in the
event of it being desired to drive the propeller. direct, but ordinarily the two
parts of the shaft are separated, though in the same line, and coming near to
each other. On the part of the shaft which is driven by the engine is fixed a
cog wheel, which takes into a smaller cog wheel fixed on a separate axis, and
on the same axis is fixed a larger cog wheel, which takes into and drives a cog
wheel on the part of the shaft to which the propeller is fixed. The separate
axis and its bearings are capable of being slided away so as to move the cog
wheels out of gear when it is desired to drive the propeller direct from the
engine, and also when the propeller is required to run free.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING ALCOHOL FROM ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND PARTICULARLY FROM WOOD
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th October 1854.--A communication.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING ALCOHOL FROM ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND
PARTICULARLY FROM WOOD" (communicated to me by a foreigner residing
abroad) to be as follows:-
The wood or other organic substances in their dry state are reduced into very
small pieces, and subjected to the action of concentrated sulphuric acid. The
mixture afterwards is diluted with water, and then subjected to the action of
carbonate of lime, in order to neutralize the excess of sulphuric acid. The
sulphate of lime which is formed is separated from the liquid by filtration or
decantation. The remaining liquid is fermented with yeast, or otherwise, and
alcohol will be obtained by distillation.
CERTAIN IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND EMBOSSING, EITHER SEPARATELY OR SIMULTANEOUSLY
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hesketh Hughes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th June
1854.
I, HESKETH HUGHES, of Aldersgate Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND EMBOSSING, EITHER SEPARATELY OR SIMULTANEOUSLY,"
to be as follows:--
My machinery consists of improvements upon an embossing and cutting
apparatus, for which Letters Patent were granted to me the 13th day of
August 1853. The present machinery consists of an engraved steel or other
roller, and an endless band, strap, or chain, made to press upon and kept in
contact with the steel roller by means of several smaller rollers. Or I use a
series of small rollers, with or without guide plates between them, whereby,
instead of cutting and embossing upon one point only, I make my present
machinery to cut and emboss upon a great part of the surface of the roller at
the same time. The open spaces are cut or ground out of the material operated
upon by pressure imparted to the engraved roller, and strap or chain, or small
rollers. The cutting and embossing roller is made to revolve by hand or power.
For some materials, such, for instance, as wood, I graduate the pressure, making
it light on the wood entering between the roller and the band or smaller rollers
at the first stage of the production of the pattern, and gradually increasing

page_text: the pressure as the formation of the pattern proceeds, until the wood leaves
the machine with the pattern in a completely finished state. The embossing
and cutting rollers are composed of one or more parts, the cutting edges
being in steel above the embossing parts, which may be in steel or softer
metal. In some cases I apply heat to the rollers during the process of
working.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN ADHESIVE STAMPS AND LABELS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Coope Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th April
1854.
I, JOHN COOPE HADDAN, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ADHESIVE STAMPS AND LABELS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improvements upon that description of adhesive
stamps or labels several of which are printed or manufactured upon one and
the same sheet of paper or material, and which are made so as to be easily
separable from each other by having perforations, slits, or openings between
the several labels, as in the recently issued new penny adhesive receipt stamps.
My Invention consists, firstly, in rendering the tearing process (of separating
the labels) less liable to deviate from the intended direction, by making the
perforations or openings with angles presented in the said intended direction of
separation, and either without or with a slit or cut beyond and in continuation
of the said angles.
Secondly, in making zig-zag or wave line, or other curved or straight slits
or cuts, between the several labels.
The Figure 1 of the Drawing illustrates some of my first and second
improvements by a representation of a portion of a sheet of labels, with
various of my patterns of perforations, openings, or slits. In general use,
however, the several patterns are not intended to be repeated upon the same

page_text: sheet, but one pattern all over. Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the form of
perforation or opening shewn, of the label marked a; Figure 3 is a slight
variation in the said form, which may be adopted.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in weakening, removing, or destroying, or
partially removing or destroying, or cracking, either the paper or material
of the labels themselves, or the gum, cement, or adhesive material upon it, or
both of these materials, at the intended lines of separation, by a pressing or
stamping process, or by a folding process; or by the application of acids or other
chemical agents, or in any other suitable manner.....
Fourthly, in combining any two or more of the above improvements, or any
parts of them together..
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING WOOL
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Armand le Comte de Fon-
taine Moreau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 2nd January 1854.-A communication.
1, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING WOOL"
to be as follows:--
The Invention communicated to me consists in dyeing wool after combing,
without being obliged to unwind the wool to put it in skeins before the dyeing
operation, and to wind it up again on bobbins after the dyeing, the operation of
dyeing being carried on by the usual method.