IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER FROM BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON OR ITS COMPOUNDS, AND IN APPARATUS THERE- FOR, AND FOR THE UTILIZATION OF THE SAME
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER
FROM BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON OR ITS COMPOUNDS, AND IN APPARATUS THERE-
FOR, AND FOR THE UTILIZATION OF THE SAME.” A communication from abroad
by William Samuel Colwell, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of
America
Sealed the 2nd March 1880, and dated the 23rd September 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE
PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER FROM BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON OR ITS COMPOUNDS,
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR, AND FOR THE UTILIZATION OF THE SAME." [A com-
munication from abroad by William Samuel Colwell, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
United States of America.]
This Invention relates to the utilization of bi-sulphide of carbon or compounds
thereof for obtaining and developing motive power, and to apparatus therefor.
For the purpose of my Invention bi-sulphide of carbon is vaporized in a chamber
charged with black-lead or plumbago and water, the said chamber being enclosed in
a case for surrounding it with an uninflammable liquid or vapour heated to a tempera-
ture that will evolve bi-sulphide of carbon into a vapor, which vapor or bi-sulphide
of carbon is to be used for operating machinery, and the said black lead or plumbago
used for protecting the joints and walls of the evolving chamber. This vapor of
bi-sulphide of carbon or a compound thereof is conveyed from the chamber in which
it is generated to the cylinder of an engine and its piston through the medium of a
pipe surrounded with an uninflammable liquid or vapor, whereby the vapor of the
bi-sulphide of carbon is prevented from condensing on its passage from the gene-
rating chamber to the cylinder and piston of the engine. This vapor of bi-sulphide
of carbon or a compound thereof I apply as a motive power to the piston of an

page_text: engine, and at the same temperature as that in the chamber in which it was gene-
rated, by surrounding the cylinder of the engine and its supply pipe with an unin-
flammable liquid or vapor having a temperature which will evolve bi-sulphide of
carbon into a vapor.
I also combine the bi-sulphide of carbon engine with a condenser in which a
liquid is used as a condensing medium, and a current or currents of air is forced
through said liquid for carrying off the heat absorbed by said liquid in the opera-
tion of condensing. In the employment of a liquid from which a given pressure
can be only obtained from a given quantity of the liquid used, I combine with the
chamber for evolving it into a vapor a valve or valves so constructed that it or they
can be so adjusted as to regulate the flow of the said liquid into the generating
chamber in quantity, corresponding to the desired pressure for operating the
machinery.
I also combine with the generating chamber a supply pipe communicating with
a reservoir for bi-sulphide of carbon, said pipe having a regulating valve whereby
the bi-sulphide of carbon is automatically returned to its reservoir by the reaction
of the bi-sulphide of "carbon in said supply pipe, caused by the closing of said valve
when the desired quantity of the bi-sulphide of carbon has been forced into the
generating chamber for producing the pressure of vapor required for a motor for
operating the machinery. I also combine with a bi-sulphide of carbon engine a
double throttle valve having a single inlet and outlet opening constructed so that
two distinct fluids or vapours can pass separately through said valve at the same
time in combination with conducting pipes communicating with the cylinder of the
engine and the vapor generating chambers containing said distinct fluids.
I also combine a conducting pipe and valve with a vaporizing chamber condenser
and reservoir for bi-sulphide of carbon, whereby the bi-sulphide of carbon may be
vaporized in said chamber and conveyed through said pipe into said condenser, and
condensed and collected in said reservoir, when it is desirable to transfer the bi-
sulphide of carbon from said vaporizing chamber into said reservoir. A waste pipe
is also arranged in connection with the cylinder of the engine and reservoir for the
bi-sulphide of carbon, whereby the waste of the cylinder can be conveyed to said
reservoir. The bi-sulphide of carbon is evolved into a vapor for operating
machinery by generating heat in a generator, and transferring it into a vessel con-
taining bi-sulphide of carbon, where having performed its office the refused or
unabsorbed heat is returned to the generator.
The heat generated is automatically conveyed from the generator into the vessel
containing the bi-sulphide of carbon. in quantity sufficient for evolving the bi-
sulphide of carbon into a vapor of the required force for operating machinery
requiring a given or fixed power. The walls of the vessel used for evolving the
bi-sulphide of carbon are coated with tin that is impervious to the action of heated
bi-sulphide of carbon.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I employ a boiler having flues and
heated by an ordinary furnace, and in which is suspended a cylindrical vessel in
which the bi-sulphide of carbon is evolved into a vapor by the heated water and
steam in the said boiler. The said boiler and vessel communicate with the cylinder
of the engine through the medium of two pipes, one of which encloses the other.
The enclosed pipe communicates with the aforesaid vessel and cylinder, and the
enclosing pipe communicates with the boiler and a casing surrounding the said
cylinder, the said pipes being provided with double throttle valves. The exhaust
pipe of the cylinder communicates with a condenser, to the lower end of which is
connected the reservoir for the bi-sulphide of carbon; this reservoir communicates
by means of a pipe with a force pump, which communicates with the aforesaid vessel
by means of a pipe having a branch communicating with the said reservoir. The
last named pipe is provided with regulating valves. The boiler is supplied with
water through the medium of a force pump connected with a suitable water supply.
To the condenser at its lower end should be connected an air blast device for forcing

page_text: air up through the water in the condenser, and thereby carry off the absorbed heat
through suitable pipes. The valves in the pipe connecting the pump and vessel are
so constructed that if there is an undue pressure in the said vessel one of the said
valves will close, and thereby cut off the flow of bi-sulphide of carbon, which reacting
in the said pipe will open the other valve, and allow the bi-sulphide of carbon to
flow through the branch pipe and into the reservoir instead of flowing into the said
vessel. When the pressure of the vapor of the bi-sulphide of carbon again falls to
that desired, the last named valve will close and the other valve will open, and the
bi-sulphide of carbon will then flow into the said vessel instead of being forced back
into the reservoir. By a similar arrangement of valves an automatic supply of heat
in given quantity may be conveyed from a heat generator to a vessel containing bi-
sulphide of carbon, the generator and vessel being distant from each other. The
waste of the above named cylinder is conveyed to the reservoir by means of a pipe
which traverses a condenser arranged under the said cylinder. The bi-sulphide of
carbon may be transferred from the vessel to the reservoir by evolving it into a
vapour, and allowing the vapour to flow through the aforesaid enclosed pipe, the
cylinder, and the exhaust pipe into the condenser, where being condensed it flows
down into the reservoir.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
March 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE
PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE-POWER FROM BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON OR ITS COMPOUNDS,
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR, AND FOR THE UTILIZATION OF THE SAME.'
A com-
munication from abroad by William Samuel Colwell, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
United States of America.
This Invention relates to the utilization of bisulphide of carbon or compounds
thereof for obtainig or developing motive power, and to apparatus therefor. The
said Invention is illustrated in the accompaning Drawings, in which,-
Figure 1 is a plan or top view of one form of my improvements for utilizing the
vapor of bisulphide of carbon as a motor for operating machinery, and
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same on the line y, y, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line x, x, Figure 1, and
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the said improvements on the line y¹, y¹,
Figure 1.
Figures 5 and 6 are vertical sections drawn to an enlarged scale shewing details
of the regulating valves and supply pipe.
The remaining Figures are hereinafter described. A represents the casing for
enclosing the vaporizing chamber A', which is suitably supended in the former in
such a manner as to leave a space between it and the latter, and each is provided
with a manhole and manhead 2'. The casing A is furnished with a series of flues B,
which communicate with the furnace C¹ and its stack H. The vaporizing chamber is
provided with a fluid indicator, consisting of pipes f¹³, d, and a glass tube e¹, pressure
gauge i, and a blow-off valve, and the casing is furnished with water gauges g,
safety valve p, and blow-off valve g', all of ordinary construction. The engine is of
ordinary construction, excepting that its cylinder valve chamber and supply pipe
are enclosed in a casing B¹¹, between which and the said parts there is a space.
The vaporizing chamber A¹ and cylinder B' communicate with each other through
the medium of a pipe wl, which is enclosed in a pipe E, leaving a space between
them which communicates with the spaces between the vaporizing chamber A¹ and
cylinder B, and the casings A and B₁₁ The pipes E and w¹ are provided with two
double throttle valves I, I, furnished with valves l, k¹, each of said throttles
having a single inlet and outlet opening. The cylinder B¹ is provided with pipes i¹,
which pass down and traverse a condenser ou placed under the bed of the engine.
Said pipes communicate with the reservoir F¹ for the bisulphide of carbon. The
casing B of the cylinder B' is furnished with a drain pipe j for drawing off the
water in the space between the cylinder and its casing. The vaporizing chamber A¹,
and the space around it, communicate with a water supply through the medium of a
pipe t connected to a pump v.
The pipe t is provided with two branches and s,
each furnished with a check-valve 4, and stop valve 3. The branch 8 communicates
with the vaporizing chamber A', and terminates in a perforated pipe s¹, arranged
longitudinally in said chamber. The branch of the pipe t communicates with the
space between the case A and vaporizing chamber A'. The condenser D consists of
an outer casing, within which is an exhaust chamber D¹, to the underside of which a
series of pipes u communicate and running in a spiral direction, connect with a
circular pipe u', which terminates in a coil, the lower end of which passes vertically
through a chamber t¹, and enters, as indicated at a¹, the reservoir F, for the
bisulphide of carbon. The lower part of the casing of the condenser D is divided
by a perforated partition 6, forming the chamber t₁, to which is attached a pipe k,
connected to a fan or other air blast device, shewn at I. To the upper end of the
sondenser D are attached two pipes a, a, for carrying off the air after it has

page_text: performed its office in the condenser. To the exhaust-chamber D (which receives
the exhaust of the engine) is attached the exhaust pipe F, which communicates
with the exhaust port of the engine. The reservoir F' may be enclosed by extend-
ing the casing of the condenser D, as indicated by the dotted lines 7, 7. The
chamber A¹ employed for vaporizing the bisulphide of carbon communicates with
the exhaust chamber D' of the condenser D by a pipe 1, provided with a blow off
valve m.
The chamber F¹ for the bisulphide of carbon communicates with a pump w,
by a pipe mt, which may be provided with a check valve, as indicated at 5, and a
regulating valve r'. The force pump w communicates with the vaporizing chamber
A by a pipe n", which terminates in said chamber in a perforated pipe ot,
arranged longitudinally in said chamber. The pipe n" is provided with a check
valve o, and a regulating valve n, and branch pipe n' which communicates with
the reservoir F for the bisulphide of carbon, and which is also provided with a
regulating valve p'. By placing the valve r¹ on the pipe m¹, the valves n and 'p'
may be dispensed with, and a good result obtained, but a much better result will
follow the employment of the two valves n and p¹.
Having all the parts constructed and arranged with relation to each other, as
above described, about twenty or thirty pounds of pulverized plumbago or black-
lead is charged into the chamber A¹ (when it is of the size of a boiler required
ordinarily for an engine of eight or ten horse power), then the chamber is filled
with water to about the dotted line 8 in Figure 4, then from two to three pounds
of the bisulphide of carbon are charged into the chamber A³, or a quantity sufficient
to start the engine, then the space between the chamber A¹ and the case A is filled
with water to about the dotted line 8 (shewn in Figure 4), then the weights q
on the levers of the valves m, n, p', and p, are adjusted to correspond to the
pressure desired, and so that no greater pressure can be generated in the chamber
A¹, then a fire is kindled in the furnace C¹, which will heat the water in the casing
A, and it will heat the water in the vaporizing chamber A', which will evolve the
bisulphide of carbon into a vapor of sufficient force to operate the engine, which
pressure will be indicated by the pressure gauge i.. The operator then opens the
valves k¹, k¹, of the throttles I, I, which will allow the steam in the casing A to
pass through the pipe E into the casing B, thereby heating the pipe w¹, cylinder B',
and its valve and piston. The operator then opens the valves 1, 1, and admits the
vapor of the bisulphide.of carbon to pass from the chamber A¹ through the pipe w
into the cylinder B¹, for operating the engine and the machinery connected thereto.
The weight on the lever of the valve n, being adjusted for obtaining the pressure
desired, say, for example, fifty pounds to the square inch, and the weight on the
lever of the valve p² adjusted so that the valve will resist a pressure a very little more
than the valve n, and the weight on the lever of the valve m, adjusted to retain in
the chamber A¹ a little more than fifty pounds to the square inch, and the valve p on
the casing A being adjusted to the pressure desired for the steam in the case for
heating the pipe w and cylinder B¹, and the case of the condenser D filled with
water, so as to cover the exhaust chamber D¹, and, the fan I being suitably geared,
then the entire apparatus will be in a condition for operating the engine with a
pressure of fifty pounds to the square inch acting on the piston. Said valves may
in a similar manner be adjusted for any other pressure or force required. If the
pressure of the vapor of bisulphide of carbon in the chamber A¹ should become
greater than that taken for the example, viz., fifty pounds to the square inch, than
the vapor in the chamber A¹ will press on the under side of the valve 10 of the
regulating valve n, and close it, which will cause the bisulphide of carbon forced
through the pipe n¹¹ to re-act in it, and open the valve 11 of the regulating-valve
p', and flow back through the pipe n' into the reservoir F, and flowing back to the
pump w, will thus continue to travel in a circuit until the pressure in the chamber A'
falls below fifty pounds to the square inch. Then the valve 11 will become seated,
and valve 10 will be forced open, and the bisulphide of carbon will enter the
chamber A through the perforated pipe o³, which is used for distributing it
through the heated water in said chamber. The arrows marked 1 in Figure 5

page_text: indicate the course of the bisulphide of carbon when the valve 10 is closed, and the
arrows marked 2 indicate its course when the valve 11 is closed.
The pump v and pipe t are used for supplying the chamber. A¹ and case A with
water. The supply of water in the chamber A' is shown in the indicating tube e¹,
and the supply of water in the case A is ascertained by the water-guages g. When
the proper supply of water is in the chamber A' and case A the valves 3, 3, are
closed and the working of the pump is stopped.
'
The case of the condenser D is supplied with water through the pipe b which
communicates with a water supply and is attached to the case of the condenser at
a point near its lower end, the waste water flowing off through the waste pipe c.
During the operation of condensing the fan I forces currents of air up through the
water for the purpose of carrying off through the pipes a, a, the heat absorbed by
the water during the operation of condensing the exhaust of the engine.
The bisulphide of carbon in the chamber A' when not required for use as a motor
may be vaporized, and by opening the valve m is allowed to pass off through the
pipe into the condenser where it is condensed, and flowing down is collected in the
reservoir F¹
The plumbago or black lead is used in combination with bisulphide of carbon
and water for the purpose of protecting the joints and inner walls of the chamber
A¹ by being spread over the surface of said walls and into the joints by the action
and motion of the bisulphide of carbon and water when in a heated condition in
said chamber, said motion causing a thin coating of the plumbago to be deposited
on said, walls and forced into the joints thereof. The cylinder B₁ and its valves
(for the purpose of lubrication and protection) should be supplied from time to time
with plumbago or blacklead mixed with oil as a vehicle for conveying it to
the valve and piston through the medium of an oil cup 2, which is of ordinary
construction.
The advantages of the above described improvements are, first, in the economy.
of fuel and heat by incasing the vaporizing chamber A¹, cylinder B¹, and supply
pipe w¹; second, in avoiding waste of the bisulphide of carbon by connecting the
waste pipes with the cylinder B¹ and reservoir F', and the use of the condenser
o; third, in preventing the escape of the vapors of the bisulphide of carbon by
enclosing the vaporizing chamber A', cylinder B¹, and supply pipe w³, in a casing,
and surrounding them with an uninflammable liquid or vapor such as water or
steam; fourth, in safety from fire by inclosing the vaporizing chamber A¹ and
cylinder B¹, and supply pipe w, in a casing, and surrounding them with an unin-
flammable liquid or vapor; fifth, in safety from over-pressure and in the automatic
supply of the bisulphide of carbon into the vaporizing chamber A¹ by the employ-
ment of regulating valves of peculiar construction and combination; sixth, in the
employment of currents of air forced through the water for the purpose of carrying
off the heat absorbed by the water in the operation of condensing the exhaust
steam of the engine; seventh, in the method of transferring the bisulphide of carbon
from the vaporizing chamber A' to the reservoir F' when not required for use for
the purpose of a motor.
In Figures 7 to 16 of the Drawings I have shewn a modification of the
above described "motor and apparatus." Figure 7 is a plan or top view of the
said modified improvements in apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon for a
motor.
t
Figures 8 and 9 are detail views of two of the pipes employed in the same.
Figure 10 is an end view of the said apparatus, and
Figure 11 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 12 is a vertical longitudinal section of the chamber used for evolving the
bisulphide of carbon into a vapor for a motor for operating machinery.
Figure 13 is a side view of the condenser which forms a part of the said
improvements.
Figures 14 and 15 are detail views of parts of the said apparatus.
In these Figures A represents an ordinary portable steam-boiler having the usual.

page_text: appendages, viz., a steam dome B, safety valve C, and water-indicator 7, gauge-
cocks 8, and blow-off valve 11. From the steam dome B passes a pipe D which is
coiled around the cylinder H of the engine, encircling it and its steam-chest, and
is enlarged at D¹, and incases the pipe t which conveys the vapor of the bisulphide
of carbon from the chamber A¹ to the cylinder H of the engine. The part D¹ of
the pipe D is connected by a pipe d to a valve chamber C¹ on the vapor generating
chamber A¹, and which is connected by the pipe d' to the said chamber A', and
traversing it passes out of said chamber and is connected to a pipe c which passes
downward and under the bed of the engine and communicates with the water-
tank e which is connected by means of a pipe c¹ with a force pump f which commu-
nicates with the boiler A through the medium of the pipe g for supplying it with
water. The tank e is connected to the waste-pipe j' of the condenser by means of
a pipe ¹ having a valve 4, the pipe j being connected with the pipe u leading
from the condenser and the pipe h¹ for supplying the tank e with water when
required.
To the steam-pipe D is attached a waste pipe x for carrying off the products of
condensation of steam that may take place in the said pipe.
1,
The force-pump falso communicates with the boiler A by the pipe h which is
furnished with stop-valves 55, said pipe being used for supplying the boiler A with
water when first starting (usually termed filling the boiler). The pipe g is pro-
vided with a check-valve 4, and is used for keeping up the necessary supply of
water in the boiler A. From the dome B passes a pipe b provided with stop-valves
3 and 4, and enters the syphon ; to the outlet of which is connected a pipe b¹. The
syphon j is connected by a branch t¹ with the exhaust-chamber wll suspended in
the case F of the condenser. To the underside of the exhaust' chamber is connected
a series of pipes ll connected with a circular pipe communicating with a
chamber which receives the bisulphide of carbon.. The circular pipe vis
provided with a stop valve for cutting off communication between the said pipe v
and the chamber vi, so that when exhausting air from the condenser or charging
bisulphide of carbon into the chamber the escape of the vapor of bisulphide of
carbon will be avoided and the waste of it prevented.
The bisulphide of carbon is charged into the chamber through the medium of
a vessel k which communicates with said chamber by a pipe x having a stop
valve 4. On the upper end of the vessel k is a funnel 7 having a stop valve 4.
The chamber is furnished with a glass indicator 7 placed on the outer wall of
the case F of the condenser, and communicates with the chamber by pipes that
pass through the wall of the case, and connect with the lower and upper parts of
the chamber which is provided with draw-off valves 6, 6, one at or near the top
and the other at or near the bottom of said chamber, the latter being for drawing
off the bisulphide of carbon, and the former being used for the purpose of drawing
off water or matter which may be floating on the surface of the bisulphide of
carbon.
.
The case F of the condenser is provided with a pipe k¹ which is connected with
a water-supply and is also furnished with a flow-off pipe u incasing the exhaust
pipe t¹ which communicates with the exhaust-port of the engine and the chamber wll
of the condenser. The chamber wlis furnished with a vacuum gauge for the
purpose of indicating the amount of vacuum in said chamber and the pipes r11
connected to and communicating with it.
11
The chamber v¹¹ used for holding the bisulphide of carbon communicates with a
force-pump by a pipe p" having a stop valve 5 and check valve 4, and the force-
pump communicates with the vaporizing chambers A¹ by a pipe having check
valves 4, 4, and stop valve 3. The chamber wll for receiving the exhaust
communicates with the valve chamber g¹ by a pipes furnished with a stop-
valve 4.
To the upper end of the case F of the condenser is attached a series of pipes n¹
for carrying off vapor and heated air from the condenser. A fan n or other blast
device is connected with the case F by a pipe o which enters the case and forms

page_text: a perforated coil v terminating in a vertical branch in the centre of the case F,
as shewn in Figure 13. The coil v and its vertical termination are so arranged
with relation to the pipe 11 that the air forced through it will pass up on either
side and between the pipes, thus causing counter currents that will displace the
heated water next the pipes and bring colder water in contact with them, the air
finally passing off through the pipes n¹ carrying off the heat absorbed by the water
in the operation of condensing. To the cylinder H of the engine is attached a
waste pipe w furnished with a stop valve. This pipe passes down and traversing
a condenser placed in the bed of the engine finally passes to the chamber v¹¹ for the
purpose of conveying the condensed (if any) bisulphide of carbon from the cylinder
to said chamber.
The vaporizing chamber A' is provided with a glass indicator for showing the
quantity of bisulphide of carbon in said chamber, and is furnished with a dome e¹
on which is placed a valve B¹, the stem of said valve being connected to a lever
which is pivoted to the post u". To one end of this lever is connected the
stem of the valve C¹ and on the other end of the said lever is an adjustable weight
2 which may be adjusted to the pressure desired in the chamber A', which pressure
will be indicated by the pressure-gauge on the dome e¹. If the pressure in
the chamber A' should become greater than that desired it will force up the valve
B', which will cause the lever f¹ to close the valve C¹ and thereby cut off the
supply of steam from the pipe d', thereby allowing the heating power of said pipe
to diminish, and as the heat in the chamber A¹ diminishes, the pressure of the vapour
will decrease, and when it has fallen to the point desired the weight 2 through the
medium of the lever f¹ will lower valve B¹ and open valve C¹, and thereby admit
steam into the pipe d' for heating the bisulphide of carbon and evolving it into a
vapor as a motor.
The piston rod of the cylinder H is enclosed in a casing consisting of parts y,
y, and y (shown on an enlarged scale in Figure 15, in which is the piston-
head, the piston-rod, w¹ the cylinder head, o¹ the crosshead, and y, y¹ and "y" the
casing), which close into each other like a telescope with the inward movement of the
piston-rod r¹ and elongated by the outward movement of the same.
This casing
is employed for the purpose of preventing the direct action of the atmospheric air
on the piston-rod and for avoiding the charging of the air of the engine-room with
the vapor of bisulphide of carbon. Every outward movement of the piston-rod l
is liable to carry with it out of the cylinder a small portion of bisulphide of carbon,
which would in a very short time load the air of the engine-room with the vapor,
making it noxious and in some cases dangerous. By incasing the rod as above
described this is obviated.
The operation of the said apparatus is as follows:-Steam is generated in the
boiler A and when the desired pressure is obtained the valves of the pipe D are
opened and the steam that passes through said pipe will heat the cylinder H and its
valve chamber, and passsing into the enlarged part D will heat the pipe t which
communicates with the vaporizing chamber A¹ and the cylinder of the engine. The
steam passing onward from the part D¹ will pass through the pipe into the valve
chamber C¹, and passing from it will flow through the pipe d'into the chamber A¹
where it will through the medium of said pipe heat the bisulphide of carbon and
evolve it into a vapor for a motor.
The condensed water from the pipe d¹ flows into the pipe c and through it into
the tank e. The desired pressure of vapor being evolved in the chamber A' the
chamber charged with bisulphide of carbon, and the case F filled with water
so as to overflow through the pipe ù, and the force-pumps fand p, and the fan n
properly geared, the operator then opens the valve 3 of pipe 6 thereby causing
steam to flow into the syphon j which will exhaust air from the chamber w", and
the pipes of the condenser forming in the said chamber and pipe a partial vacuum,
the air being carried off through the pipe b¹. Care should be taken to close the
valve before exhausting air from the chamber w¹¹ and pipes 11, otherwise a
waste of the bisulphide of carbon from the chamber will follow. When the

page_text: desired amount of vacuum is formed in the chamber wl and pipe 11, which will be
indicated by the vacuum gauge.1, the operator closes the valve 3 of the pipe b and
opens the valves 8 and 811 of the pipe r, which will allow the vapor to flow from
the chamber A through the pipe t to the piston of the cylinder H, thereby moving
it and operating the machinery connected to the engine.
The vapor having performed its office in the cylinder H is exhausted through
the pipe t' into the chamber wl and pipes of the condenser, where it is
condensed, and flows down into the chamber v. The air having been exhausted
from the chamber wll and pipes ll as described, the engine will have a free
exhaust without any back action of the exhaust-vapor on the piston.
It will be observed that the pipes t¹ are surrounded with water overflowing from
the condenser through the pipe u, whereby the exhausted vapor is reduced in its
temperature on its passage from the cylinder H to the condenser. When it is.
desirable to transfer the bisulphide of carbon from the chamber A¹ to the chamber
vll, the operator lifts the lever of the valve g', thereby opening the same and
allowing the vapor to pass through the pipe s to the condenser, where it is con-
densed and flows down into the said chamber vll, from which it may be drawn off
at pleasure. By means of the valve g¹, pipe 8, and condenser, the entire contents of
chamber A' can be transferred to the chamber vil by heating the bisulphide of
carbon in said chamber A¹. The chamber in which the bisulphide of carbon is
evolved into a vapor is coated with tin. By thus coating the walls of the chamber
A¹ the durability of the said chamber will be greatly increased. By generating
steam in the boiler A, and conveying it to the chamber A¹ through the pipe D,
arranged and combined with the several pipes and parts hereinbefore described, the
bisulphide of carbon is evolved into a vapor for a motor with great economy of
fuel and perfect safety, without loss of latent heat of the steam, which having per-
formed its office in the chamber A', the refuse or unabsorbed heat is returned in
the form of hot water to the boiler A.
The advantage of the method and means hereinbefore described for evolving the
bisulphide of carbon into a vapor for a motor without the presence of fire at or
near the vaporizing, chamber is a very important feature of my Invention, the
advantage and value of which cannot be overestimated in the use of bisulphide of
carbon for the purposes of a motor.
Another modification of the above described "motor and apparatus" is
represented in Figures 16 to 24, in which,-
Figure 16 is a side elevation of a locomotive engine provided with my improve-
ments for using and utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor.
Figure 17 is a plan or top view.
Figure 18, an underside view, and
Figure 19, a vertical section of the same.
Figure 20 is a transverse section of the steam boilers, the chamber or vessel for
evolving the bisulphide of carbon into a vapor for a motor, and the casing enclosing
said chamber.
Figure 21 is a vertical longitudinal section of the chamber or vessel for evolving
the bisulphide of carbon into a vapor for a motor, the steam receiving and dis-
tributing chambers, and the casing for enclosing said evolving chamber or vessel
for surrounding it with an uninflammable liquid or vapor.
Figure 22 is a vertical longitudinal section of the cylinder, steam chest, and
slide valve of the engine.
Figure 23 is a vertical longitudinal section of the regulating valves used in com-
bination with the steam or heat generator, and the chamber or vessel for evolving
the bisulphide of carbon into a vapor for a motor, and
Figure 24 shews a modification of Figure 21.
It is a recognised fact that bisulphide of carbon, when subjected to about one
hundred and eighteen (118) degrees (Fahrenheit), will become vaporized. I have
discovered that the pressure of said vapor when confined for a motor may be with
perfect safety increased when desired, and at the will of the operator, to one

page_text: hundred and eighty six (186) pounds to the square inch of surface of the internal
walls of the chamber or vessel, used for evolving the bisulphide of carbon into a
vapor, by the proper application of about two hundred. and. ninety five. (295),
degress of heat (Fahrenheit), and that said pressure will not be increased by
augmenting the quantity of the bisulphide of carbon in said evolving chamber or
véssel..
Figures 16 to 24 illustrate one method of utilizing this property in bisulphide of
carbon as: a safe and efficient motor for locomotives and other enginery, which I
will now proceed to describe.
3
1
A represents the running gear of a locomotive, upon which is mounted a
furnace B surrounded with a water chamber C, which communicates with two
boilers D, D, provided with flues e which communicate with a single breeching f,
and smoke stack g.. The water chamber C is provided with a steam dome h, try-.
gauges i, a pressure gauge j, and safety valve k, all of which are of the ordinary.
construction and operation. Above and directly over the steam boilers D is.1
arranged the chamber or vessel 1 for evolving the bisulphide of carbon into a vapor.
for a motor for operating the pistons in locomotive cylinders A'. The evolving
chamber is provided with a series of flues m, which communicate with steam
receiving and distributing chambers n and o. The said evolving chamber is
enclosed in a casing p for surrounding the same with an uninflammable liquid or .?
vapor.. The chamber q formed by the casing p is provided with a series of flues r.
communicating with the receiving and distributing chambers n and o. The casing p.
is furnished with a dome s, which encloses a dome t on the chamber or vessel l. On
the upper end of the dome s are arranged pressure gauges u and v, the gauge u
for indicating the pressure of vapor in the chamber or vessel 2, and the gauge v for. 2
showing the pressure of steam in the chamber q. The dome s is also provided with
a safety or blow-off valve w, the lever r of which is provided with a tension spring
or weight y. This safety or blow off valve cominunicates with the dome t of the.
evolving.chamber. or. vessel Z, and with the condenser through the medium of a
pipe a¹. The dome s is also provided with a vent or blow off valve 6', which is a
used for blowing off steam or any gas that may be in the chamber q. The evolving
chamber or vessel is provided with a glass indicator c¹ for showing the quantity
of bisulphide of carbon in said chamber or vessel, and the chamber q is provided.
with a similar indicator d¹ for showing the quantity of water in the said chamber.
The steam or heat receiving and distributing chamber n is furnished with a pressure
gauge el for showing the pressure of the steam in said chamber and the parts con-
nected therewith, and is also provided with a regulating valve f¹, and the evolving
chamber or vessel is provided with a regulating valve g¹. The stems of said
valves are attached to a lever h¹ pivoted to a post i at j', and said lever is furnished
with an adjustable tension spring or weight k¹ operated by a shifting rod . The 4
construction of the regulating valves f¹, g', and lever h¹ is clearly shewn in Figure 23.
The valve communicates with the steam dome / through the medium of a pipe m'
furnished with a stop valve n'. The regulating valve g¹ is provided with a stop
valve o'. To the steam dome h is also connected a pipe p' furnished with a stop
valve q'. This pipe p' passes forward over and above the casing p, and is connected 4
to a "steam syphon on the upper end of the casing 8' of the condenser. This
steam syphon has a branch t¹ which communicates with the upper chamber of the
condenser, and to the forward end of the said syphon r¹ is attached a conductor
pipe u. The pipe pl, steam syphon r, and conducting pipe u' are used for forming.
a partial vacuum in the condenser to avoid back action on the pistons of the
engines, which exhaust the vapor of the bisulphide of carbon into a condenser after
it has performed its office in the cylinders of the engines. The casing a¹ of the
condenser is furnished with a series of pipes v¹ for carrying off the heated vapor
from the water in the casing 81. The pipe w is connected to the casing 8' near its
lower end, the other end of said pipe being connected to a suitable air blast device.
The object of the air blast and pipe w¹ is for forcing air up through the water in
the casing 8² and around the condenser, the air in its upward passage carrying off

page_text: the heat in the water, which takes up heat in the operation of condensing the
exhausted vapor of bisulphide of carbon. The condenser consists of the casing 8',
with a series of shallow chambers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 arranged one above the other,
with water spaces between them, and communicating with each other by a series of
short pipes 7, and all of said shallow chambers communicate by means of pipes 8.
with the chamber 9, which communicates with the reservoir a¹ for the bisulphide
of carbon. The branch t¹ of the steam syphon 71 is furnished with a stop valve y',
which is opened and closed through the medium of the rod a¹. This stop valve y'
is used for cutting off communication between the condenser and "steam syphon."
On the underside of the boilers D is placed a water chamber 6, which communi-
cates by means of a pipe c" with the water tank of the locomotive tender, and by
means of a pipe du having a check valve el with a force pump f" communicating.
with the chamber q, which surrounds the evolving chamber or vessel 7 by means of
a pipe g furnished with a stop valve h¹ and check valve 2". The pipe g¹t com- .
municates with the water chamber C, which surrounds the furnace B, by means of
a pipe provided with a check valve. The water chamber C is provided with a
blow off valve k¹¹, and the water chamber 611 with a waste valve ¹¹. The pipe m"
communicates with the water tank of the locomotive tender and with the force
pump n, which by means of pipe o¹¹ communicates with the condenser. The
pipe m is furnished with a stop valve p", and the pipe o" with a check valve q".
The reservoir x communicates by means of a pipe 71 with a force pump 8, which
by means of a pipe t" furnished with a check valve ull communicates with the
evolving chamber or vessel l. The force pumps f", n", and 8 are operated by
rock shafts and cam connections of ordinary construction and operation. The.
cylinders and steam chests wll are of ordinary construction, and are enclosed in
a casing, thereby forming a chamber around them which communicates with the
receiving and distributing chamber o by means of pipes y¹¹ which surround the
supply pipes all, which communicate with the evolving chamber or vessel / and
the steam chests wll of the cylinders all of the engines A¹. The pipes y¹ are pro-
vided with valves 6111 which are operated by rods cll by the engineer from the pilot
house of the locomotive, who also operates the throttles of the supply pipes all in
the usual manner, and by the ordinary means. The casing of the cylinders and
steam chests is connected with a steam trap d by means of pipes ell and fill, and
the trap communicates with the water chamber 611 by means of the pipe gl
The slide valves h¹¹¹ of the engines A¹ are cylindrical, and secured on the valve
stem, on which are also secured hollow carriers, which are furnished with
spiral packing recesses k¹¹. By combining the carriers with the slide valves hill
the latter wear evenly, and all cutting of the valves and valve seats will be prevented
and the valves will be perfectly balanced.
In the use of heated vapors of bisulphide of carbon for a motor two difficulties
have been encountered, to wit, first, the great tendency of the working surfaces of
the cylinder, piston, slide valve, and seat to become rough by oxidation, caused by
the action of the atmosphere upon said surfaces when the engine has cooled down
and is not running, which tendency to oxidation is due to some unexplained effect
produced on said surfaces by the heated vapors of bisulphide of carbon; second,
experience has demonstrated that the ordinary oils, when subjected in the valve
chamber and cylinder of the engine to heated vapors of bisulphide of carbon, from
some unknown cause do not act well as a lubricant and do not protect the working.
surfaces from oxidation; hence glycerine, caoutchouc, and petroleum have each
been resorted to as the best articles for a suitable lubricant for engines when heated
vapor of bisulphide of carbon is used as a motor; but these articles fail to fully
meet the requirements for a good lubricant in such case and do not effectually
protect said working surfaces. I have discovered a method or means for obviating
these difficulties, viz., by the use of finely pulverized blacklead combined with oil
and applied to said working surfaces, which articles when combined serve the
twofold purpose of preventing oxidation of said working surfaces and also act as a.
most excellent lubricant, meeting all the requirements demanded, and avoiding the

page_text: When
grinding, wearing, and undue friction of the said working surfaces. By preference
petroleum oil is mixed with the plumbago so as to form a homogeneous mixture,
which is fed into the valve and cylinder of the engine in the usual manner.
the heated vapor of the bisulphide of carbon comes in contact with the mixture of
oil and blacklead or plumbago it parts with a portion of its sulphur, which
mechanically combines with the blacklead or plumbago and thereby forms a varnish
or lacquer, which, by the movements of the valve and piston of the engine, is
spread over the working surfaces of the piston, cylinder, valve, and its seat, giving
to said surfaces a coating which is very smooth and impervious to the action of the
atmosphere; and prevents oxidation of said working surfaces of the engine.
Having thus described the several parts of the apparatus and their relation to
each other, I will proceed to describe briefly the operation, which is as follows:-
The water chambers C and boilers D and condenser being properly supplied with
water and the evolving chamber and the reservoir a¹ charged with bisulphide of
carbon, the safety valve k is adjusted for the desired pressure of steam. The
regulating valves f¹ and g¹ are adjusted to the pressure of steam desired for evolving
the bisulphide and for obtaining the desired pressure of vapor for a motor, and the
pipe w connected to an air blast device. The operator then makes a fire in the
furnace B which will generate steam in the boilers D, the pressure of which will be
indicated by the pressure gauge j. The steam, as soon as it is generated, passes
through the pipe m' into the valve f¹ and through it into the receiving and
distributing chamber n, and passing through the flues m and renters the receiving
and distributing chamber o, and by opening the valves 6111 passes through pipes y,
enters the casing all around the cylinder v¹¹ and steam chest wll. The steam in
its passage gradually heating the bisulphide of carbon in the evolving chamber or
vessel 7 and evolving it into a vapor of the desired pressure for a motor, and also
heating the water in the chamber 9 and thereby generating the steam in the
chamber 9, and also heating the supply pipe all in its passage into the casing 11,
where it heats the cylinders and steam chest w of the engines A'. The
condensed steam in the form of hot water flowing from the casings all into the
pipe cand from it into the pipe f¹, and through it into the trap d, thence
through pipe g into the water chamber 6, from which, through the medium of
pipes and g¹¹ and the force pump 8" it is forced into the chambers C and q,
thereby retaining the latent heat of the steam.
The operator before opening the throttles for starting the engines opens the
valve q¹, allowing steam to pass through pipe p¹ to the "steam syphon" for the
purpose of exhausting air from the chambers 1 to 6, of the condenser, so as to
form a partial vacuum in said chambers, the amount of vacuum being indicated
by the vacuum gauge 13, care being taken to close the valve m³ between the reser-
voir and chamber q, otherwise a loss of bisulphide of carbon will be the result.
The air having been partially exhausted from the condensing chambers of the
condenser, the valve q¹ closed, and the valve m³ opened, the operator opens the
throttle of the pipe all and starts the engines. The vapor of the bisulphide of
carbon having performed its office on the pistons of the engines is exhausted into
the exhaust pipes n³ and from them passes into the condensing chamber 1, and
from it through the pipes 7 into chamber 2, and on up through the whole series of
chambers, the condensed bisulphide of carbon flowing down through the pipes 8
into the chamber q, and from it into reservoir c¹, and from it through the pipe rll
to the force pump 8, which forces it through pipe t" into the evolving chamber or
vessel and thus the bisulphide of carbon is worked over and over again any
desired number of times. The amount of heat applied to the bisulphide of carbon
will depend on the pressure of steam admitted into the receiving and distributing
chambers n and o and the manner of its admission. into said chamber. By the
peculiar construction and arrangement of the regulating valves f¹ and g¹ any
desired pressure of the vapor of the bisulphide of carbon may be had for a motor
and said pressure maintained by adjustment of the tension springs or weight kl
with relation to the lever A. Having decided on a fixed pressure, if the pressure

page_text: in the evolving chamber or vessel 7 should become more than that, it will press up
the plunger os of the valve gl and close the valve f¹, and thereby cut off the
supply of steam from the heat receiving and distributing chambers n and 0, which
will soon lower the pressure. When the pressure falls below that fixed upon the
plunger os will sink and thereby open the valve f' and admit more steam or heat
into the heating chambers n and o, and increase the pressure in the evolving
chamber or vessel to that desired. By the arrangement of the regulating valves f
and gl and tension spring or weight k¹, which can be adjusted at will by the
operator so that any desired quantity and degree of heat may be admitted into the
receiving and distributing chambers n and o, the bisulphide of carbon in the
evolving chamber or vessel can be slowly or rapidly evolved into a vapor for a
motor of any desired power, which adapts it to all the requirements for operating
locomotives and other enginery where sudden increase of power is required. By
the discovery of the inherent property in bisulphide of carbon, to wit, that charging
an additional quantity of it into the evolving chamber or vessel does not increase
the volume or pressure of its vapor when subjected to a given heat, and that
volume and increased pressure is only obtained by an increase of heat, the engineer
will understand that by husbanding heat in the heat generator he can, by the
proper manipulation of the regulating valves f¹ and g', control it at will for
the purpose of a motor for operating machinery with great economy and perfect
safety.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. A motor consisting of bisulphide of carbon, water, and plumbago, or
black-lead, charged into a vessel and heated, applied thereto, substantially as herein
described and for the purpose specified.
Second. A motor consisting of bisulphide of carbon, water, and plumbago, or
black lead charged into a vessel enclosed in a case and surrounded with an
uninflammable liquid or vapor, substantially as herein described and for the purpose
specified.
Third. The employment of bisulphide of carbon or other liquid in the form of a
vapor for a motor, conveyed from a generating-chamber to the piston of an engine
through the medium of a pipe enclosed in a case and surrounded with an
uninflammable liquid or vapor, substantially as herein described and for the purpose
specified.
Fourth. The cylinder of a bisulphide of carbon engine and its valve-chamber,
communicating directly with the case A and chamber A' through the pipes E, w¹,
whereby steam of the same temperature as that used for evolving the bisulphide of
carbon will surround the said cylinder, the valve-chamber, and the pipe w',
substantially as above set forth.
Fifth. In combination with a bisulphide of carbon engine, a condenser consisting
of the chambers D and t, the pipes u, u¹, the perforated diaphragm, and the blast
device, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Sixth. In the employment of a liquid from which a given pressure can only be
obtained from a given quantity of the liquid used, the combination of a chamber
for vaporizing the said liquid, and a valve that can be adjusted to regulate the flow
of the same into the said chamber in a quantity corresponding to the pressure
desired, and automatically cut off the flow into the said chamber when the
pressure of the vapor in it becomes greater than that desired, substantially as herein
described.
Seventh. The combination with a reservoir for bisulphide of carbon, or a com-
pound thereof, of the vaporizing chamber, the adjustable valve or valves that will
open and close automatically, a supply pipe having a return branch, and a force-
pump, the said reservoir and vaporizing chamber. communicating with each other
through the medium of the said supply pipe and its branch, substantially as herein
described and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: Eighth. In a bisulphide of carbon engine, the combination of the double throttle-
valve or valves I', with the pipes E and w¹ communicating with the chambers A, A',
and B, and the steam-ports of the cylinder B', substantially as above set forth and
for the purpose specified.
Ninth. In combination with the condenser the valve 'm, pipe l, and reservoir Fi,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
:
Tenth. The combination of the cylinder B¹ and reservoir F¹ communicating with
each other by means of the coiled pipe which passes through a condenser, sub-
stantially as herein described.
Eleventh. In vaporizing bisulphide of carbon for a motor for operating machinery,
the method of producing heat in a generator and transferring it into a vessel
containing bisulphide of carbon, where, having performed its office, the refuse or
unabsorbed heat is returned to the heat-generator, substantially as herein described
and for the purpose set forth.
Twelfth. The method hereinbefore described for automatically conveying the heat
from its generator into the chamber containing bi-sulphide of carbon, in quantity
sufficient for vaporizing the necessary amount of the bisulphide of carbon, for a
motor of the required power, substantially as described.
Thirteenth. The cylinder of an engine and its valve-chamber, heated by conveying
heat from its generator into a coiled pipe surrounding the said cylinder, and to a
vessel containing bisulphide of carbon to be vaporized to form a motor, for operating
machinery, substantially as hereinabove described.
Fourteenth. The exhaust pipe t, enclosed in a pipe u, whereby the temperature
of the exhausted vapor from the cylinder His reduced in its passage to the exhaust
chamber w by the overflow of water from the condenser, substantially as above
described.
Fifteenth. The combination of the syphon ; and vacuum gauge 1 with the
exhaust-chamber w¹¹ and condensing pipes of the condenser, substantially as
herein described and for the purpose set forth.
Sixteenth. In a bisulpbide-of-carbon engine, the piston rod enclosed in a
casing adapted to be elongated and contracted in accordance with the movements of
said piston-rod, with relation to its cylinder, substantially as herein described and
for the purpose set forth.
Seventeenth. In a condenser for a bisulphide of carbon engine, the fan n for
creating an air-blast, in combination with the pipes and 11, arranged with
relation to each other, substantially as herein described and for the purpose set
forth.
Eighteenth. In an apparatus for vaporizing bisulphide of carbon, to form a
motor for operating machinery, the evolving chamber having its walls coated with
tin, which is impervious to heated bisulphide-of-carbon, as herein described and for-
the purpose set forth.
Nineteenth. In the use of bisulphide of carbon as a motor for operating machinery,
the method of applying heat to the bisulphide of carbon, so that a given temper-
ature will be imparted to it, and a determined volume and pressure of vapor
obtained for a motor, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Twentieth. In the use of bisulphide of carbon as a motor for operating machinery,
the method herein before described for applying heat to the bisulphide of carbon, so
that a given volume and pressure of its vapor will be obtained for a motor, and not
increased or diminished by augmenting the quantity of bisulphide of carbon in the
evolving chamber.
Twenty first. In an apparatus for utilizing the bisulphide of carbon as a motor
for operating machinery, the combination of the heat receiving and distributing
chamber, (or two or more of such chambers,) the regulating valve or valves, and the
.evolving chamber with or without a casing for surrounding the same with an
uninflammable liquid or vapor, all substantially as berein described and for the
purpose set forth.
Twenty second. In an apparatus for utilizing. bisulphide of carbon as a motor,

page_text: for operating machinery, the combination of the steam or heat generator, the steam
or heat receiving and distributing chamber, or two or more of such chambers, the
regulating valve or valves, and the evolving chamber with or without a casing
for surrounding it with an uninflammable liquid or vapor, all substantially as
described and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty third. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor, the
combination of a furnace surrounded with a water chamber communicating with a
single breeching and smoke stack, and evolving chamber enclosed in a casing for
surrounding it with an uninflammable liquid or vapor, substantially as herein
described and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty fourth. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor
for operating machinery, the combination of a furnace surrounded with a water
chamber communicating with two boilers, furnished with flues with a single
breeching and smoke stack, a steam dome communicating with said chamber and
boilers, and evolving chamber with or without the steam receiving and distributing
chamber, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty fifth. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor, the
combination of a furnace surrounded with a water chamber communicating with
said chamber, and boiler and evolving chamber inclosed in a casing for surrounding
it with an uninflammable liquid or vapor, said evolving chamber having two or
more receiving and distributing chambers communicating with each other, sub-
stantially as herein described and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty sixth. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor for
operating machinery, the combination of the regulating valves f¹ and g¹, adjustable
chamber having steam or heat receiving and distributing chambers w and o, sub
stantially as herein described and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty seventh. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor
for operating machinery, the combination of the water chamber 611 with the
chamber 7, around the evolving chamber 7 and a steam generator, substantially as
herein described and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty eighth. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor, the
combination of a condenser, consisting of a series of shallow chambers arranged one
above the other, and communicating with each other, and a reservoir for bisulphide
of carbon, communicating with the said shallow chambers, the whole enclosed in a
casing and surrounded with water, substantially as herein described and for the
purpose set forth.
Twenty ninth. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon as a motor for
operating machinery, the combination of a condenser consisting of a series of
shallow chambers arranged one above the other, and communicating with each
other, a reservoir for bisulphide of carbon and a collecting chamber, the said chambers
and reservoir communicating with each other through the medium of pipes 7 and 8,
and the whole enclosed in a case and surrounded with water, substantially as herein
described and for the purpose set forth.
Thirtieth. In an apparatus for utilizing bisulphide of carbon for a motor, the
combination of a condenser consisting of chambers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9, reservoir x',
communicating by pipes 7 and 8, steam syphon r¹, casing s¹, and an air blast device,
substantially as herein described and for the purpose set forth.
Thirty first. In a bisulphide of carbon engine, a cylindrical slide valve arranged
on a valve stem with carriers provided with spiral packing recesses, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
Thirty second. A chamber (for vaporizing bisulphide of carbon to serve as a
motor), furnished with a vapor dome, and chamber, and dome, enclosed in a casing
for surrounding them with an uninflammable liquid or vapor, substantially as
herein described and for the purpose set forth.
Thirty third. In a bisulphide of carbon engine, the method herein before described
for lubricating the working surfaces of the cylinder, piston, valve, or valves, and

page_text: their seats, and preventing the oxidation of their seats by introducing into the
valve chamber and cylinder a compound consisting of oil and pulverized blacklead
or plumbago, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty third day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
.