improvещени іде WAMU.
Year: 1887

page_text: improvещению іде
WAMU.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improvement in the manufacture of mineral paint, and
the invention is found in the paint base, in the mixed paint product and in the method
of making the base and product.
The invention contemplates the reduction of silicate iron slag either to a powder or
to granular form, then roasting or caleining it and thereafter mixing it with oil or
other vehicle by grinding or otherwise to form a mixed paint. The iron slag from
which the above described base is produced, in the manner stated, has been, in a sense,
calcined in the formation of the slag itself; but the word " calcined as herein
employed applies to the re-subjection of the slag to heat or to the roasting which
follows the reduction of the slag to granular or powdered form.
دو
In the specification of patent No. 8737 of 1885 it is set forth that silicate iron slag
from blast, puddling or re-heating furnaces, obtained by the selection of that portion
of the slag in which oxide of iron and silicon or silicate of iron are present
in a practically pure state, or with a comparatively slight admixture of foreign
substance, is capable of extremely fine comminution by mechanical means, and that the
comminuted silicate iron slag unites admirably with oil or other vehicle to form a
paint having all the valuable properties of iron paint, and also having better flowing
and enduring qualities than any other iron paint compound theretofore produced.
The paint produced by pulverizing silicate iron slag in the manner above set forth,
when unmixed with other materials, forms a paint of a grayish color, variable, of course,
by the addition of suitable coloring pigments. Certain colors cannot, however, be
produced from said base without the admixture of so large a quantity of coloring

page_text: matter as to in a great measure rob the paint of its desirable proportion of iron and
objectionably increasing the cost as well as in impairing the enduring qualities of the
paint.
I have discovered that by exposing pulverized or granulated silicate iron slag to a
high degree of heat, or, in other words, by roasting or calcining it, the material will
become permanently changed in color, so that a paint differing widely in color from
that made from the original slag may be obtained without the addition of any coloring
pigment. Many variations from this color of the calcined base may be made by the
addition of only small quantities of coloring material, so that by preparing some
colors from the original slag and others from the calcined slag a wide range of colors
are producible, all of which contain the meritorious properties due to a large
percentage of the iron slag base. The calcined slag base is, however, superior to the
uncalcined in several particulars, some of which will be hereinafter mentioned.
The colors produced in the pulverized or granulated slag by calcining or roasting,
as above set forth, are found to vary somewhat according to the conditions
under which the roasting is performed. The color of the calcined material may be
generally described as red, varying in shade with the conditions of calcination; for
example if the pulverized or granulated slag be placed in an open crucible and
exposed in a furnace to a temperature of from 1500 to 2500 degrees F., the color.will
correspond generally with that of the pigment known as Indian Red. If the material
be placed in a crucible or retort, closed but not air-tight, then deeper or darker shades
will be produced, as brownish purple or seal brown, the exact color depending, so far
as I have been able to ascertain, upon the amount of air admitted to the material while
it is exposed to the heat, and upon the degree of heat.
The silicate iron slag to be calcined for producing a colored paint base, as above set
forth, is obtained from the slag of blast, puddling or reheating furnaces by selecting
those parts of the slag in which oxide of iron and silicon or silicate of iron are
present, with a comparatively slight admixture of foreign substances, such parts of
the slag being distinguished as the heavier or denser portions of the mass, and as being
black or nearly so in color and having a vitreous fracture. Such parts of the slag are
usually found adjacent to the outer surface of the cooled blocks or cakes or molds into
which the slag is run from the furnaces. In the case of slag from puddling or
re-heating furnaces, the relative quantity of oxide of iron in the slag is larger, so that
the selection of material from these sources will be attended with little difficulty.
it
The solidified silicate iron slag thus obtained is reduced by crushing or grinding,
either to powder or to a granular condition corresponding with fine gunpowder though
may be coarser without material detriment to the operation of calcining. It is then
placed in a suitable oven, retort, vessel or chamber, of, or connected with, a furnace
and is there subjected to a high heat, as described. After the calcining has been
performed the material, if finely powdered before calcining, will be ready to be mixed
and ground with oil or other vehicle, either for the further reduction of the base or
for the purpose of thoroughly incorporating the base with the vehicle. If the calcined
material is in a coarse or granular condition it may be ground before mixing it with
the vehicle, or it may be first mixed with the vehicle and the two ingredients then
ground together until the granular character of the base disappears or until it is fine
enough for the particular purpose to which the paint is to be applied.
It is found to be a result of calcination, as above described, that the calcined
material is capable of being more easily and more finely reduced than before
calcination. The calcined paint base has also the advantage of being lighter in weight
and therefore less liable than the uncalcined slag to separate from the oil or other
vehicle with which it is ground or mixed and settle in the bottom of the vessel
containing it. The paint produced from the calcined slag is also of its greater
opacity than that made from the uncalcined material, and consequently
better, producing, therefore, equal solidity or depth of color by the use of a less
quantity or fewer coats of the paint. Finally, the calcined iron slag described may take
the place of the base known as "Indian Red" for mixing with other pigments with
"
covers
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page_text: the result of greatly improving the durability and value of the paint product, and
also of reducing the cost, since the material from which it is made has little or no
value and is commonly treated as a waste.
Coloring matters may be added to the base or mixed paint for producing other than
the natural shades of the calcined material without departure from my invention, and
while oil is the best fluent or vehicle, other liquids may be employed in its stead.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is :—
1. As a new product, suitable for a paint base, silicate iron slag in granular or
pulverulent form and calcined.
2. As an improved paint, calcined silicate iron slag mixed with oil or other
suitable vehicle.
3. The process of making paint from silicate iron slag and a vehicle, which
consists in first reducing the slag to a granular or pulverulent form, then calcining
it and finally mixing it with the vehicle, substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of May 1887
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.