IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS LAMPS OR BURNERS
Year: 1885

page_text: 1 FRANCIS HERBERT WENHAM of Shepherds Bush in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS LAMPS OR BURNERS" to be as follows:-
These improvements are chiefly applicable to that description of Gas Lamp
wherein the air heating chamber is placed above the burner and has for its
principal object to prevent lodgment of obstructions therein and to enable the
passages for gas to the burners to be readily cleaned when required.
According to my present Invention the end of the nozzle of the inner chamber
instead of containing an ordinary Argand burner is covered with a perforated plate
or gauze and at the centre of this is placed a disc for receiving the impact of gas
from a jet beneath it the said jet having preferably a widened flanged or trumpet
shaped Orifice. The circumference of the disc has a downward rim having in it
notches or orifices or pegs or short wires or bars or their equivalents. When the
gas is lighted tho flame spreads outward on the perforated plate or gauze the gas
in its passage being divided into streams by passing through the openings in the
rim of the disc in such a manner that the heated air from the air heating chamber
permeates the flame and when the lamp glass is closed below it the draught
through the heating chamber brings a current of heated air from above so as to
depress the flame. Air is let through orifices in the cover of the Lamp or at other
suitable part in sufficient quantity to complete combustion. In a modification the
pegs or serrated rim or the equivalent thereof surrounding the gas outlet from the
burner may be situated round the flange at the mouth of the burner. This
arrangement is best suited for use where the gas. supply is required to be taken
from below as for example in street lamps. In applying the Invention to the
description of Lamp shewn in the Specification of my former Patent N° 4109
dated 28th August 1882 the air supply or upper current for feeding the top of the
flame is taken as in that Lamp through an annulus of gauze or perforated
material surrounding the Argand or ring burner a separate supply of air for feeding
the flame on the underside passing through similar gauze or perforated material in
the central orifice of the burner-In my present arrangement the burner consists of
concentric Cylinders closed at top-The outer sheath or Cylinder descends some-
what lower than the inner one so as to allow space for the series of circumferential
.

page_text: openings or pegs or a serrated edge or border or the equivalent thereof as
herein before mentioned The Gas supply is admitted and descends between these
two Cylinders the air supply coming through the gauze or perforated material at
the central orifice of the burner and being again deflected outwards by the button
beneath, the gas is carried outward through the openings of the serrated or
perforated outer Cylinder of the burner giving the gas a spreading form with
the flame sufficiently divided for its complete aëration and producing a symetrical
flame. The burner being open at the bottom is not liable to get choked by the
lodgment of Carbonaceous particles but if they should adhere they may be readily
cleared out by passing a brush round the space between the two Cylinders.
.or
In case of large burners a removeable flange or ring of Steartite porcelain c
other refractory material may be applied and attached to the outer Cylinder of the
burner coming near to the inner Cylinder so as to leave a narrow annular passage
for the gas to pass through-Notches or radial channels may be cut in the ring so
as to cause the gas supply and flame to be divided into numerous jets close enough
together to produce the appearance of a continuous flame if desired.
1001
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said Thomas Herbert Wenham.

page_text: Improvements in Gas Lamps or Burners.
I FRANCIS HERBERT WENHAM of Shepherd's Bush in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
These improvements are chiefly applicable to that description of Gas Lamp
wherein the air heating chamber is placed above the burner and has for its
principal object to prevent lodgment of obstructions therein and to enable the
passages for gas to the burners to be readily cleaned when required-I will describe
my Invention with reference to the accompanying drawing wherein figure 1 is
a vertical section of a lamp constructed according to my present Invention and
Figure 2 is a vertical section and Figure 3 a plan of underside of my improved
burner applied to what is known as the Wenham Gas Lamp.
Referring to Figure 1 according to my present Invention the end of the nozzle of
the inner chamber a instead of containing an ordinary Argand burner is covered
with a perforated plate or gauze b either flat or preferably of a raised or conical
form and at the centre of this is placed a disc c for receiving the impact of gas from
a jet & beneath it the said jet having preferably a widened flanged or trumpet
shaped orifice-The gas supply is conveyed through pipes e e The circumference
of the disc c has a downward rim having in it notches or orifices or pegs or short
wires or bars or their equivalents as at c² When the gas is lighted the flame
spreads outwards on the perforated plate or gauze b the gas in its passage being
divided into streams by passing through the openings in the rim of the disc c in
such a manner that the heated air from the air heating chamber a permeates the-
flame and when the lamp glass fis closed below it the draught through the heating
chamber brings a current of heated air from above as shown by the arrows so as to
depress the flame-Air is let through orifices in the cover g of the lamp or at other
suitable parts as through a small opening or perforations at the bottom of the lamp
glass fin sufficient quantity to complete combustion by the admission of air below
the flame. is a conduit rising from the bottom of the glass. This serves to give
steadiness to the flame and convey air below it-the perforation in the glass f being
situated directly between the tube acts on the injector principle and increases the
current of hot air within the tube In a modification the pegs or serrated rim or
the equivalent thereof surrounding the gas outlet from the burner may be situated
around a flange at the mouth of the burner which may be covered with a loose cap
answering the purpose of the disc c Figure 1-This arrangement is best suited for
use where the gas supply is required to be taken from below through an ascending
pipe as for example in street lamps with framed lanterns-In applying the
Invention to the description of lamp shewn in the Specification of my former
Patent Number 4109 dated 28th August 1882 the air supply or upper current for
feeding the top of the flame is taken, as in that lamp, through an annulus of gauze
or perforated material surrounding the argand or ring burner a separate supply of
air for feeding the flame on the underside passing through similar gauze or
perforated material in the central orifice of the burner-In my present arrangement

page_text: illustrated by Figures 2 and 3 the burner b² consists of concentric cylinders b³ b
closed at top. The outer sheath or cylinder b descends somewhat lower than the
inner one b³ so as to allow spaces for the series of circumferential openings or pegs
or a serrated edge or border or the equivalent thereof as herein before mentioned
and here shewn at 65 The gas supply is admitted by the pipe a² and descends
between these two cylinders b³ and b the air supply coming through the gauze or
perforated material m² at the central orifice of the burner and being again deflected
outwards by the button n beneath the gas is carried outward through the openings.
of the serrated or perforated outward cylinder of the burner giving the gas
a spreading form with the flamo sufficiently divided for its complete aëration and
producing a symmetrical flame-The burner being open at the bottom is not liable
to get choked by the lodgment of carbonaceous particles but if they should adhere
they may be readily cleared out by passing a brush round the space between
the two cylinders.. I prefer to contract the lower part of the space between the
cylinders 63 and b by an annular enlargement on the cylinder 63 as shewn at 66.
In case of large burners a removable or fixed flange or ring of steartite porcelain
or other refractory material or of metal may be applied and attached to or formed
on the outer or the inner cylinder of the burner coming near to the other of the
cylinders so as to leave a narrow annular passage for the gas to pass through.
Notches or radial channels may be cut in this ring or flange so as to cause the gas
supply and flame to be divided into numerous jets close enough together to produce
the appearance of a continuous flame if desired.
In Figure 1 the arrangement is shewn as applied to a suspension lamp but it
may be applied to a pillar or street or other lamp supported from below and when
so applied the gas pipe e would pass directly upwards through the bottom of the
lamp glass and the air conduit or tube / and the pipes e leading downwards will be
dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is
First. The arrangement and combination of lamp substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings whether
applied to a suspension or a pillar or like lamp.
Second. In gas lamps a burner consisting of concentric cylinders or shields
with an opening at bottom- and with pegs or a serrated edge or border thereto
substantially as described with reference to Figure 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
Third. In gas lamps the combination of a disc with a serrated edge or a series
of pegs or the equivalent. and a gas supply pipe opening beneath the disc substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated by Figure 1 of the accompanying
drawings.
Fourth. In gas lamps the combination of a hot air chamber covered with
a perforated plate or gauze a disc against which the gas impinges the said disc
having a series of pegs or serrations or their equivalent round the edge substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated by Figure 1 of the accompanying
drawings.