matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 18th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Feb., 1887.
DAVID CROSSLEY.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Emery and Glass Cloth and Paper and Polishing
Paper and Cloth.
1 DAVID CROSSLEY, of Brighouse, in the County of York, Ventilating Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
One part of my invention is for the production of double-faced emery and glass
cloth and paper, by coating both sides of the said cloth and paper with the requisite
materials in the saine manner as is now done on one side only. The second part is for
the production of single or double-faced polishing paper and cloth coated on one or
both sides with any of the following substances, namely, powdered Bath-brick, Pumice
stone, Crocus, Puity-powder, or other substances used in rubbing and polishing; and
in the employment of Caseine (which may be dissolved in solution of borax) Tesides
glue, for fixing any of the substances to the cloth or paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
(1) The production of double-faced emery and glass cloth and paper.
(2) Single or double faced polishing paper and cloth coated with any of the
following substances, namely, powdered Bath-brick, Pumice-stone, Crocus, or Puity-
powder and
(3) The employment of Caseine for cementing any of the substances to the cloth or
paper.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 18th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted: 18th Ja
RESERVE
JAS. HENRY ATKINSON Ironmonger 196 Hunslet Road Leeds Yorkshire, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I bend a wire A. one end forms a spindle, on which runs a cord pulley B. The
other end forming an eye linked to a Spiral Spring C. The other end of the said
spring is attached to the window frame by a screw eye D. To the internal parts of
the spring eyes, I attache two safety links E and F (as shewn in sections) coupled
together inside the spiral spring, thus preventing its being injured, by being drawn out
above a given length.
JAMES HENRY ATKINSON,
196, Hunslet Road, Leeds,
Yorkshire,

page_text: Instead of the links E and F I may use the safety links G H as shown in figures 4
and 5. These links are two pieces of wire linked one to each of the loops or eyes a a¹
at the top and bottom of the spring A. The inner end of the wire G is bent at right
angles and coiled around to form a ring as shown at g. The other wire H works
through the said ring and is bent round at its inner end h so as to form a loop or eye
which acts as a stop to prevent the wire G from being pulled off the said wire. The
length of the said wires G and H is such as to permit of their being drawn out to the
full extent without injury to the spring A by the said spring being overstrained. The
wires G and H form a perfect swivel in the centre and cannot become locked or
entangled in the event of the spring A being turned or twisted in either direction.
My improved spring rack-pulley may be readily fixed by the most inexperienced, it
being simply necessary to screw the eye B into the window-frame and pass the loop
of blind-cord under the pulley C, the cord being of such a length as to somewhat
strain the spring A which will compensate for any variation in the length of the cord
and keep it constantly at tension. The non-rigid connection of the spring A to the
window-frame by the screw-eye B and the method of connecting the pulley C to the
spring A allow the parts to give to any lateral strain and thus prevent breakage; and
when my improved spring rack-pulley is fixed as shown in figures 1 and 2 the
crossing of the blind-cord is prevented, thus saving a great amount of wear of the
said cord.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First In a rack-pulley for window blinds, the combination of a coiled spring A
with the safety links E and F or with the safety links G and H substantially as herein
shown and described.
Second: In a rack-pulley for window blinds, the combination of a coiled spring A,
the hook D linked to the said spring and the pulley C revolving upon the portion d of
the said hook, substantially as herein shown and described.
Third: In a rack-pulley for window blinds having a coiled spring A, the method of
fixing the said rack-pulley in position, by the screw-eye B linked to the lower end of
the spring A, substantially as herein shown and described.
T. N. PALMER & Co.,
For the Applicant.
A Process for Decorating Wood, Leather, Plaster of Paris, and other Porous Materials.
Year: 1886

page_text: A Process for Decorating Wood, Leather, Plaster of Paris, and
other Porous Materials.
I CARL JENSEN of Horsens, Denmark, Decorator do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to produce stained objects with so perfect and
sharp contours that they may be substituted for pinked work and "intarsie."
Objects in plaster treated by this process may be used for decorating buildings.
The decoration is as durable as if it had been burnt into the object.
According to this invention the decoration is effected by means of fat transfer
ink or colour on a flexible foundation such for instance as paper, which is then
coated with gum lac or the like soluble in water. The paper or foundation so
treated is moistened with water and then placed on the surface to be decorated or
ornamented. Pressure being applied the transfer is effected on to the surface.
The paper is then removed and upon the ornamented surface I pour a colouring
stain which will be absorbed by and colour the places which are not covered with
the transfer ink, while those so covered are unaffected thereby. When the stain
has penetrated sufficiently into the surface and dried, I remove the transfer ink by
means of a fat dissolving fluid and when the surface has been rubbed sufficiently
clean, it may receive its final embellishment such as polish or lacquering and is
then finished.
Objects treated as above are much more durable than those which have
ornamentation painted on, as the latter stands out therefrom while in objects
treated according to my invention the ornamentation has entered the pores of the
material.
Porous objects treated as above described are thus very durable and may in
many cases form striking substitutes for pinked work as it is almost impossible
to discover the difference between the one and the other, nor is there any risk of
pieces springing off or of cracking.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The process for ornamenting or decorating porous objects consisting in putting
the ornamentation or design with a fat transfer ink on to a flexible foundation
such for instance as paper, which is then painted over with gum lac or the like
soluble in water, the transfer of the design on to the surface to be decorated being
then effected by pressure, then removing the paper and coating the surface with a
stain which penetrates and colours as required the parts of the surface which are
not protected by the transfer ink and is then removed substantially as set forth.
1
T
1000
пусниов тот пеnеving oт пеmoving the Fressure of a Exists on the Slide Valves of Steam Engines.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 11th July, 1887
Complete Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1887.
пусниов тот пеnеving oт пеmoving the Fressure of a
Exists on the Slide Valves of Steam Engines.
WHICH
JOSEPH DOVE SMITH Engineer Bank Side Villa Portsmouth Road Woolstone
Hants do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The back of the valve to cover the same area as the face and made steamtight in
like manner a plate to be inserted in the steamchest to cover the travel of the valve
such plate to be hung (on bolts) to the steamchest cover the above named plate to
be recessed to allow springs to be inserted between the bolt heads and the back of
the plate such springs to be compressed to the pressure of steam in the steamchest,
the above named plate to be adjusted by means of set screws from the outside of the
cover. Provision to be made for the water to escape by means of clacks in the top
and bottom of the valve.

page_text: Exists on the Slide Valves of Steam Engines.
JOSEPH DOVE SMITH Engineer, Bank Side Villa Portsmouth Road Woolston
Hampshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :―
The back of the valve A to cover the same area as the face and scraped steamtight 5
to the face of the Hanging Plate B such plate to be kept up to the valve A by means
of the Setscrew's C screwing through the Piston D and passing clear through the
Steamchest cover F. The Piston D to be kept on the back of the cover by means of
the volute Spring E. The whole of the Boiler pressure to be admitted on the back
of the Plate B. The desired pressure to be removed by compressing the Springs G.
The number of Springs, and Setscrews to be decided according to the size of the
Engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
1st. A Valve Steamtight both Back and Front and both covering the same area.
2nd. An adjustable Plate between the back of the Valve and the steamchest cover.
3rd. The use of Springs upon the outside of the cover for regulating the pressure
upon the Valve.
1
1007
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM HENRY HAWKES of No. 3, Cottage Place, Boston, Massachusetts, in
the United States of America, Book-keeper, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a new compound for treating coal and other fuel, and
its object is to consume smoke, gas and soot, as well as to improve the heating
capacity and thus cause a saving of the fuel. The improved compound consists of
the following ingredients in about the following proportions, viz:
4 lbs Salammoniac, 20 lbs Salts of Potassium, 15 lbs Salts of soda; 20 lbs Glauber
Salts and 41 lbs common salt.
These ingredients may be mixed together in any manner in or about the propor-
tions as aforesaid, and preferably finely pulverised, and the mixture is then dissolved
in a suitable amount of hot water to inake a saturated solution, and to said solution
is added cold water according to the nature of the fuel, for which it is to be used;
in practice I add a greater quantity of water for soft fuel, and less for hard fuel.
The liquid compound is to be sprinkled over the coal or other fuel, when in bulk or
when in the act of filling a bin or other receptacle, or in any other suitable manner
according to the nature of the fuel, and the liquid allowed to dry before the fuel is
ignited, or the fuel used immediately after treatment according to the use, for
which it is intended.
The products from the compound, when the fuel is ignited, combine with the
gaseous product of the fuel and produce an inflammable gas of great heating
capacity, by which the value of the fuel as a heat producer is materially increased,
besides consuming the smoke, soot and gases and thus effecting a great economy
and saving of the fuel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare, that what I claim is:
The herein described compound for treating coal or other fuel, consisting of a
solution of Salammoniac, Salts of Potassium, Salts of soda, Glauber Salts and
common salt, in or about the proportions set forth.
D101
COL. 1000
IMPROVEMENT IN COFFINS
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ROBERT MCCOLLUM FRYER, of No. 792 Macon Street, Brooklyn, in the
County of Kings, State of New York, United States of America, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENT IN COFFINS
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to an improvement in coffins; and it consists in providing
a coffin with a lining of charcoal in the form of slabs, which lining may be applied
to the entire inner surface, or to so much of it only as may be necessary to effect
the purpose for which it is used.
The object of my invention is to provide a coffin with an indestructible lining
of such character as to preserve the shape of the coffin and prevent collapse after
the outside or body shall have decayed or fallen off, and which shall at the same
time serve as an absorbent of any noxious gases which may arise from a dead body,
thus avoiding much of the danger incident to such emissions, in cases of death from
contagious diseases.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 represents a horizontal section; Figure 2
a vertical transverse section, of a coffin embodying my improvement, and Figure 3 a
transverse section of the lid or cover.
A, represents the body of the coffin which may be of usual or suitable form, and
of any preferred material.
B, represents the lining of charcoal which is applied in the form of slabs and
secured in any suitable manner, as by the use of cement, rivets, bolts, or screws.
The slabs of charcoal may be produced by taking pulverized charcoal and mixing
it with a sufficient quantity of any suitable adhesive material which will become
hard or rigid, and then pressing or moulding the mixture into suitable shape; but
I prefer to produce the same by taking boards or planks and treating the same by
a process of destructive distillation or charring by which the shape is preserved,
and then cutting out such pieces as may be required.
These slabs, by whatever method produced, are attached to the inside of the
coffin, as above set forth, and the sides and top are so arranged that the former
support the latter.
The joints may be tightened by cement or by the use of rubber gaskets, in the
usual manner

page_text: Should the slabs be thin, or have insufficient strength to preserve the shape of
the coffin after the outside decays or falls off they may be strengthened by metal
bars or plates in a manner which will readily suggest itself without description or
illustration.
It is to be understood that it is not in all cases necessary that the coffin be
entirely lined with these charcoal slabs. When used merely for the purpose of
absorbing the gases which emanate from a dead body only so much may be used
as will serve this purpose A coffin partially lined therefore falls within the scope
of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
A coffin provided with a lining of charcoal in the form of slabs secured to the
body, as shown and described.
Year: 1886

page_text: 1, WILLIAM MURGATROYD, of the firm of William Murgatroyd & Co. of 2 Park
Place, Leeds, in the County of York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of fabrics
used for dress goods and mantles, whereby a certain effect is obtained, by the
combination of a loop yarn warp and a loose or soft twisted weft.
Hitherto, the effect I obtain by my improvement, has been produced by the
introduction of loop yarn warp with loop yarn weft, the loops on such being
produced by three threads requiring three operations on the frame, whilst the loose
twisted yarn is produced by two operations.
The fabric is woven by an ordinary loom and the warp is of cotton or of similar
non-shrinking material, with loop yarn in such positions as required by the pattern,
the weft is of woollen, and some portion, for the plain part of the check, is
ordinary, but for the raised portion of the pattern I introduce loose or soft twisted
yarn, which may be produced by an ordinary twisting frame arranged with two
sets of delivery rollers between which the threads of yarn pass, one series of threads
passing between one set of rollers, and the other threads between the other set;
the rollers being so speeded that one set deliver about double the length of the
other the extra length being twisted around the centre thread, thereby producing
a loose twisted yarn.
When the fabric is woven, the loops of the warp are upon
the face of the fabric, and on passing it through the fulling machine the weft
shrinks, and in doing so loops are formed on the surface of the fabric by the extra
length of thread of the loose or soft twisted yarn, thereby producing the same
effect as if loop yarn had been used as hitherto for the warp and weft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
The combination of loop yarn warp with a loose or soft twisted weft, which
when finished gives the appearance of a fabric in which loop yarn has been used
both for the warp and weft.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM PARKS of 82 Terminus Road, Eastbourne in the county of Sussex,
Basket and Trunk Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This my invention refers to the substitution of wicker for cane in the manufacture
of that class of window blinds known as dwarf window blinds which are employed
for the purpose of screening the lower panes of windows and the advantages are
as follows.
Great economy in the cost of manufacture; novelty of design; and the improved
appearance of wicker which may be coloured as desired and is more capable of
ornamentation than cane.
Moreover I varnish the wicker and by this means it may be kept always clean.
In the manufacture of my window blinds I use wood for the framework to add
strength to the blind in the same way as wood is used in making cane blinds. In
wicker work I can introduce many new designs which cannot be made in cane,
as the cane is not to be had so thin as wicker and is not so flexible. Thick
wicker is used as required. Novelty in design and cheapness in manufacture are
consequently the leading features of this my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
I claim is:
The substitution of wicker for cane in the manufacture of window blinds
substantially as and for the purposes herein before set forth and described.
Dated this twenty-ninth day of April 1886.
Year: 1886

page_text: _Date of Application, 24th July, 1886
Complete Left, 16th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 19th Apr., 1887
I, JOSEPH SOUTHALL of the firm of Hardy and Padmore of Worcester Foundry in
the County of Worcester Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to.
be as follows :—
My invention consists in making the bottom surface of a plate of the kind on which
food is placed, with a slope down towards one side, so that gravy or other fluid shall
flow to that side. I effect this by making the bottom rim or feet of the plate less deep
or shorter at the one side than at the other in which case, if the plate be otherwise of
regular figure, its rim will appear out of level. Or I make the hollow of the plate
deeper at the one side than at the other, so that the rim retains its level attitude.
:
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: An Improvement in Plates for the Table.
I JOSEPH SOUTHALL of the firm of Hardy and Padmore of Worcester Foundry in
the County of Worcester, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in making the bottom surface of a plate on which food is
placed, with a slope towards one side, so that gravy or other fluid shall collect mostly
at one side of the hollow. I effect this by making the bottom rim of a plate or the
feet when a plate is made with feet less deep or shorter at one side than at the other,
in which case if the plate be otherwise of regular figure the
of level.
rim will appear out
Or I make the hollow of the plate deeper at one side than at the other, so
that the upper edge of the rim retains its level attitude.
upper
As shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings the bottom rim R of the plate is
deeper at the one side than at the other the surface of the plate B and the top rim T
being consequently out of level. In Fig. 2 the bottom rim R is also deeper at one
side than at the other, while the upper rim T remains level, the bottom B alone being
sloped. In Fig. 3 the slope of the surface of B is produced by making the bottom of
greater thickness at the one side than the other, both the bottom rim R, and the top
rim T being thus kept level.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The construction and use of a table plate having its bottom sloped substantially as
and for the purpose herein set forth.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Acids and Distillation and Condensation of Corrosive Liquid and Gaseous Substances.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Acids and
Distillation and Condensation of Corrosive Liquid and Gaseous
Substances.
I, JOSEPH WHITLEY, of Railway Works, Leeds in the County of York, Engineer
and Founder, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ACIDS AND DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION
OF CORROSIVE LIQUID AND GASEOUS SUBSTANCES, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Whereas hitherto Pumps Rams Valves Liners Tubes and other apparatus required
in the manufacture of Acids and in the condensation of corrosive liquids and
gaseous substances have been made of lead or brass my improvements consist in
making all vessels tanks pipes valves pump and taps of Aluminium or Aluminium
Bronze, which are made as heretofore, but instead of being made of brass or lead
I cast in Aluminium or Aluminium Bronze which is a compound of Copper and
Aluminium, containing from 10% to 50% of the latter, so as to prevent the
corrosive destruction of the same and thereby prevent the enormous expense
incurred in repairs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First, The application of Aluminium and Aluminium Bronzes as a substitute for
all other Bronzes or lead articles required in distillation or condensation of acidú-
lated or corrosive substances, substantially as herein before described.
Second, The manufacture of articles required as above in the production of
corrosive substances, substantially as herein before described.
Third, The manufacture of articles required in the condensation of liquids
containing Acids substantially as herein before described.
Duted this 4th day of Aurust 1000
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN WOOL COMBING MACHINES
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM TERRY of Dudley Hill near Bradford, Yorkshire, Commission Wool
Comber, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for “CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WOOL COMBING MACHINES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has reference to a certain class of wool combing machine for
which Letters Patent were granted to myself and another bearing date the 17th of
February A.D. 1879 N° 625.
On sheet 2 of specification of above named patent drawings are shewn at Figs C
and 7 of a large circular comb A and a small circular comb B such combs rotating
together and combing fibre in the manner set forth in above specification.
The said specification does not describe nor do the drawings shew any means of
drawing off the fibre, but certain means were employed for that purpose which
however were not satisfactory.
The object of my present invention is to provide good and reliable mechanism for
drawing off the slivers of fibre from the class of combs referred to, and my improve-
ments consist in a new and peculiar arrangement of drawing off belts, and in the
manner of uniting the two slivers as they come from the two circular combs.
Such being the nature and object of my invention I will now proceed to describe
the same more fully and for that purpose have annexed the accompanying sheet of
drawings illustrative thereof, where Fig. 1 is plan view and Fig. 2 elevation of my
improvements.
A is the large circular comb, and B the small circular comb, C the dabbing brush,
and D the ordinary rotary disc for dividing the fibre.
It will be observed that the sliver which is drawn off the small circular comb
will be larger and thicker than the sliver drawn off the large circle and this arises
in consequence of there being more rows of teeth on the small comb.
It will also be observed that a sliver can be so thin as not to be strong enough to
stand pulling at, but would break in so doing and this was what took place with
previous drawing off arrangements; this I now overcome by blending or joining
the two slivers together as herein shewn where the rollers E and F draw the fibre
off the small circle, such fibre being carried forward by endless belts G to the large
circle where it joins the sliver drawn off the said large circle by other drawing
[Price 6d1

page_text: off rollers H and I such combined slivers forming one strong sliver J which is
afterwards carried forward to the coiler K.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The arrangement of drawing off rollers substantially as herein shewn and
described when used in combination with a small but broad circular comb running
in contact with a large but narrow circular comb such as A and B on the accom-
panying drawings.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 30th Nov., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 5th Jan., 1887.

page_text: WILLIAM SINGLETON and EDMUND PRIESTMAN both of 10 Bakers Hill Sheffield,
Cutlery Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The box is made by broadening the handle of any knife of suitable shape A¹ A² so
that the sides of the handles project beyond the springs on the side opposite to that
on which the blades are placed, & form a cavity C. A lid G is formed to enclose
this cavity, by inserting a metal plate, plain or figured as at D, which hinges on the
rivet E &closes upon the springs at F or otherwise, thus forming a box for matches
or other small articles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention,
& in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
The special construction & arrangement whereby we obtain the cavity aforesaid.
now
Year: 1886

page_text: I MARY ANNA WITHEY, Farmer Pennington, Lymington, Hants, trading as
J. Garland Pennington Lymington Hants do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
For children for their health and comfort, straps made of a kind of webbing
passing over the shoulders and crossed in front and behind, and fastened to band
round waist on which are sewn smaller straps, those being fastened by buttons to
other straps sewn on stockings.
MARY ANNA WITHEY,
Pennington, Lymington, Hants.

page_text: I MARY ANNA WITHEY, Pennington, Lymington, Hampshire, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of this invention is to provide means for holding up stockings, chiefly
for use by children, whereby pressure will be removed from the hips, as when a
belt with side straps is used; the circulation of the blood in the leg will not be
arrested, as with garters, the shoulders will be kept down, and the back straight,
while the stocking will be suspended in a perfectly uniform manner, thereby
producing most beneficial results in regard to health, as well as increasing the
comfort of the wearer.
In the accompanying drawing, I have shown my improved stocking suspender
in perspective view.
The suspender consists of two straps of webbing or other suitable material A,
which pass over the shoulders, are crossed at front and back, and secured together
as shown at A¹.-The ends are attached to a waist belt B, which will be secured
round the waist by a button or other simple fastening. There will be no strain on
the belt B, its object being simply to hold the ends of the straps in proper position.
The straps are continued beyond the belt by pieces of narrow elastic web C, of any
suitable length, with or without other pieces of webbing or other material A².—
At the ends of these continuations, buttons or other fastenings a are secured, and
to these buttons or other fastenings a, tabs D of webbing or other suitable
material are attached, such tabs being secured to the stockings, one on either side
of the leg.
The length of the straps A with their continuations will of course depend upon
the height of the person wearing the suspenders.-The shoulder straps may be
formed in two parts, and connected by buckles, so that they can be taken up or
let down as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The appliance for holding up or suspending stockings, constructed and
arranged substantially as herein shown and described.
2. In stocking suspenders, the combination of shoulder straps, a waist belt, and
elastic or partly elastic continuations to the shoulder straps, provided with buttons
or other simple fastenings, substantially as herein shown and described.
Namba 1RRA
An Improvement in Railway and Tramway Passenger Carriages.
Year: 1886

page_text: An Improvement in Railway and Tramway Passenger Carriages.
I GEORGE COPPLESTONE RICE of Devereux Buildings Devereux Court Strand in
the County of Middlesex Solicitor do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
In my specification I use the word “carriage” as meaning in the case of railway
carriages the whole of the waggon, car, or carriage, whether divided into separate
compartments or not; and in the case of tramway cars, or carriages, the whole of
the car, or carriage, whether divided into separate compartments or not; and I also
use the word "carriage" as applying both to railway and tramway carriages.
The object of my invention is to provide a safe and easy method of carrying
passengers in a standing position, and in this way to utilize the whole of the Hoor
of the carriage, or compartment, for the carriage of passengers.
. My invention can be applied to carriages already constructed, or hereafter to be
constructed.
In carriages already constructed the part intended to provide standing accomo-
dation to passengers must be cleared of seats.
I carry out my object by erecting perpendicular bars, chains, or ropes, from the
floor to the roof, or from the roof to the floor, inside the carriage, of a suitable
thickness, and strength, for passengers to grasp, and so steady themselves. Such
bars, chains, or ropes, may be placed at any distance from each other found
convenient.
The said perpendicular bars, or chains, or ropes, can be made of wood, metal, or
any other suitable material, and may be either permanently 'fixed into the roof and
floor of the carriage, or may be fixed to the roof and floor of the carriage in such a
way as to be removable at pleasure; or may be fixed to the roof alone, or floor
alone, of the said carriage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The use of bars chains or ropes in the manner and for the objects herein before
mentioned.
AN AUTOMATIC EXTINGUISHER FOR CANDLES
Year: 1886

page_text: I, LOUIS BLUMFELD of 121 Queen Victoria Street in the City of London,.
merchant do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN AUTOMATIC
EXTINGUISHER FOR CANDLES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for object the construction of an apparatus which can be fitted
on to a candle in such a manner that it shall extinguish it as soon as the candle
shall have burned down to any particular place.
The construction of apparatus in accordance with my invention will be readily
understood on reference to the drawings, in which like letters represent like parts
throughout.
A is a circular shaped clip of metal; on the outside of this at a point near
the bottom thereof is fixed one end of a flat metal spring D. Attached to the
clip A, on either side of D, plates F are fixed. These plates are of the shape, and
are fixed in the position shown in the drawing, and each of them has a slot 'S' cut
therein as shown. The extinguisher, B, is fashioned at the end of an arm B',
which turns on a pivot E passing from one of the plates F.to the other, at the
part shown in the drawing. The length of the arm must be such that when the
extinguisher turns on the pivot and closes, as shown in Fig. II, it may fall on
the circumference of the clip A.
The arm of the extinguisher passes through a slot cut in a plate C which works
on the two plates F. This plato C is fashioned as shown in the drawing and has
at a right angle to its underside a piece H which works between the plates F and
is guided by projections from either end of H passing through the slot S in each
plate F. The fore end of the spring D reaches as far as and presses against the
side of H farthest from the clip A
The clip A may be made to hold more securely by cutting springs thereon, but
I do not claim such an arrangement as a part of my invention.
In Fig. I the plate F nearest the observer is removed to show the other parts in
position when the extinguisher is open.

page_text: The method of using my invention is as follows: the clip A is passed round
and down the candle until its upper edge reaches the point down to which it is
desired the candle shall burn, and at which the candle shall be extinguished.
The resistance of the material composing the candle will keep the plate C pressed
back in the position shown in Fig. I; the extinguisher lying back as also shown
therein. As soon as the candle burns down so that its material no longer offers
resistance to the end of C, the spring D, which engages with H, will press the
plate O forward towards the candle, and the far end of O will press the arm B¹ of
the extinguisher downwards and will thus cause the extinguisher to descend upon
the candle so as to extinguish it. Fig. II shows the extinguisher closed on the
candle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The construction of an automatic candle extinguishing apparatus substantially
as above described.
Year: 1886

page_text: We, WILLIAM LUPTON, HENRY EDWARD LUPTON, and JOHN CLEGG LUPTON,
all of the firm of Lupton Brothers of Grange Iron Works, Accrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :--
These improvements refer to the trough in which the Temple roller is mounted
and have for their object the obtaining of a better grip upon the cloth than has
hitherto been attainable without adjustment of the back edge.
In performing our invention we cast the trough of such a cross section as to
cause the cloth to surround the roller for a larger proportion of its circumference at
the back than heretofore.
On the accompanying drawing Fig. 1. is a plan view on a small scale and Fig. 2.
a cross section (drawn about full size) of our improved Temple trough, upon which
a. represents the back edge which in "accordance with our invention" is cast or
formed at a higher level than the front edge c and with the edge a¹ closer to and
more completely surrounding the roller b. than heretofore as illustrated more clearly
in Fig. 2. The dotted line in Fig. 2. represents the original form and relative
position of the back edge shewing how the same has hitherto been set back from
the roller.
In this manner and without having the back edge loose and adjustable a better
grip is secured upon the cloth and to a considerable extent the vibration of the
cloth is also obviated.
Facility is also afforded by these improvements to cast or form the back edge of
the improved trough at any desired height.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
The improved form and construction of Temple trough substantially as and for
the purposes herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 11th day of August 1886.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Agent for the Applicants.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, THEODOR HERB, of N° 10 Kommandanten Str. Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object to make a garment which shall protect the chest
and neck from cold, and be easily put on and off when required.
To this end, a is the breastpiece, and a¹ the back-piece made of suitably padded
and quilted-cloth, (Fig. 1). The collar has been arranged not to button, the tie of
shirt front serving to keep the front of the garment closed.
Fig. 1 represents the protector laid flat.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section along lines C-D, the dotted lines showing the
garment lying on the body. Fig. 3 shows a cross-section through the chest-piece.
Fig. 4 represents the back of the tie, when no shirt front is used. Figs. 5 and 6
show the shirt front with the tie belonging to the same. The neck-opening is
formed by the two bands b-b61 sewn on the protector, between which bands the
collar c is fastened by means of five studs. The studs are fastened on the outer
side of the inner band b which prevent the collar and studs from rubbing the neck.
The outer band b¹ covers the studs.
The tie e is always kept buttoned on one side, for instance with the studs f. and g.
After the garment has been put on, the studs f¹ and g¹ are buttoned on whereby
closing the slit h and the bands with the collar Therefore two studs only have to
be buttoned when the whole is put on.
If a shirt-front m is intended to be worn, over the chest-protector, the bands i
and sewn to the chest-piece, and the studs g. k. I and g¹ k¹l serve to keep it in
its place, the front being put under the bands. Here also one side remains buttoned
at g. 1, so that, when putting on the garment, only the studs
other side have to be buttoned; the tie n already fastened to the stud
buttoned to g¹, thereby closing the garment.
The shape of the collar and ties may of course vary.
g.
of the
is then

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
A garment having the following peculiarities.
1. The fastening of a collar between two bands 6 6¹ in such a way that it
remains in place when putting the garment on or off.
2. The use of a tie or shirt-front to keep the front and collar of the garment
*closed in the manner described, viz. by keeping one side of the tie or front con-
tinually buttoned to the garment and by buttoning the other side, when putting on
the garment.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 8th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 19th Aug., 1887
WILLIAM LUTWYCHE 187 Wardour Street London Stained Glass Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
The making Mosaic from fragments of Glass beads colored Glass, enamels, and
various substances which are passed through seives of various guages according to the
sized Mosaic required. These materials are fastened into a plastic substance with or
without a canvass backing.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Producing Mosaics by Means of Enamel Substances and
Colored Glass.
WILLIAM LUTWYCHE 187 Wardour Street, London Stained Glass Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The Materials of which the Mosaic is formed consists of Glass beads whole or in
fragments, colored glass, enamels and other vitrified substances these are passed-
through seives of various guages according to the size required then on a foundation
of Mastic Whiting Oil and other substances according to the requirements of the
work to be done, with a backing of Canvass wire work or other Material or the
foundation can be worked on the wall or ceiling or part to be covered "in situ "-
The design is worked into the face of the foundation composition with the beads,
glass, enamels, and other vitrified substances subjected to an amount of pressure,
preserving a fairly level surface and forming a permanent Mosaic of decorative or
artistic design.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is―
1. The pieces of Glass and Enamel being of small dimensions are readily adapted
to the outlines and shades of the design to be produced giving the effect of Fresco
with the permanancy of Mosaic.
2. It is much less bulky than ordinary Mosaic and can be formed as panels,
Medallions, Centres &c. on wood easily removed, as well as being fixed on Walls or
Ceilings.
Clearing Snow from the Track.
Year: 1886

page_text: Clearing Snow from the Track.
I WILLIAM GILBERT of 96 Framwellgate Durham in the County of Durbam,
Shoemaker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to provide means which will readily and
efficiently clear snow from the track to the full width of the following vehicles
and their attachments and which can be turned back out of the way when the
engine is to be shunted and can be readily removed when required-The accom-
panying drawing represents in side elevation in Figure 1 and plan in Figure 2
part of an engine provided with attachments according to my Invention.
I hinge or hang at each side of the front of the engine a flap or plate A so that
the two flaps or plates can be turned to meet at their outer ends as shewn in full
lines in the drawing and form a wedge shaped projection in front of the engine
with walls extending perpendicularly to some distance up from the ground. The
brackets B upon which the flaps or plates are hinged or centered project some
distance from the sides of the engine so that the wedge formed by the plates or
flaps A will be broad enough at its base to clear the track to the full width
required. The forward ends of the plates are provided with suitable fastenings for
securing them together and the engine may be provided with fastenings to hold
them in their folded back position. The joints are preferably so arranged that the
plates or flaps may be readily unshipped when required.
As shewn in the drawing they consist of eyes at a on the inner sides of the
plates in which securing pieces o engage to hold the meeting edges of the plates A.
On what are the outer sides of the plates when in use are shewn eyes d with which
the pins e engage to hold the plates in their folded back position as shewn in
dotted lines in Figure 2 but any other suitable fastenings may be employed.
There may also be provided hooks or attachments for the plates A at the back
of the engine or of the tender so that the plates may be fixed in position at
the hinder end of the engine or of the tender for clearing the track in running
reversed.

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
In combination with Locomotive engines or tenders for clearing snow from the
track the plates A arranged as shewn and so that they can be fastened in their
acting position or be folded back and also if required be entirely removed.
IMPROVED PLOUGH SOCKS
Year: 1886

page_text: We, JAMES LINDSAY Senior, and JAMES LINDSAY Junior of Townhead Forge,
Girvan in the County of Ayr, North Britain, Iron forgers do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for IMPROVED PLOUGH SOCKS and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described, and ascertained in and by
the following statement:—
Our Invention, which relates to improved Plough socks, consists in forming
them of one uncut plate of steel so shaped and bent as to enable the same to be
readily secured upon the plough.
In order that our said Invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect, we will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figures 1 and 2 are respectively plans of the under and upper sides of a plough
sock as constructed according to our present invention.
Figures 3 and 4 are elevations, of respectively opposite sides of the same.
Figure 5, is a rear end elevation and Figure 6 is a front end elevation of the
same.
In constructing a plough sock according to our present Invention we bend &
plate of steel so as to form the vertical portion a, the outer or under edge of this
portion a, as represented more particularly at Figures 3 and 4, being formed
obliquely to the upper surface. The horizontal portion b, is that from which the
soil passes to the ploughshare.-The rear of the improved plough sock is formed
into the channel-like part d, which is ultimately further bent as indicated in
dotted lines at Figure 6 so as to enable the same to be driven on tightly to the
Iron head of the plough in the ordinary well-known manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
Improved plough socks formed of one uncut plate of steel bent and otherwise
formed substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth
with reference to the annexed drawings.