Improvements in Abrading and Polishing Cylinders.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1897-Accepted, 27th Mar., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Abrading and Polishing Cylinders.
We, FRANKLIN LINCOLN LANE. of 132 West D Street, and HARRISON JOSEPH
MITCHELL, of 351 West Bridge Street, both in Beloit, Wisconsin, United States of
America, Machinists do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relation to certain improvements in abrading and polishing cylinders,
and more particularly to a novel construction of the cylinder and to the manner of
applying an abrading material thereto, and to means for adjusting and tightening
the abrading material upon the cylinder. The object of our invention is to so
construct an abrading cylinder that the abrading material is uniformly and securely
held upon the surface of the cylinder and a continuous, uniform and even action of
the cylinder upon the work thereby secured.
In carrying out our invention we employ a cylinder having a peripheral spiral
groove, which may be formed in the shell or body of the cylinder or in a fabric or
other cushion applied over and encasing the shell or body. Upon this cylinder is
wound the abrading material, preferably of one piece, the winding being spirally
around the circumference of the cylinder and the turns or joints of the spirals
registering with the spiral groove. The ends of the abrading material are allowed to
project over or beyond the ends of the shell and are made fast to clamping rings,
preferably by means of a tape or band, and by novel mechanisms hereinafter
described; the clamping rings, or one of them, are or is capable of being turned
slightly or given a partial rotation and at the same time one or both of the clamping
rings may be moved longitudinally, thus reducing the diameter of the spirally wound
covering of abrading material and correspondingly elongating it, whereby the joint
of the windings maintains the same position with reference to the groove of the
cylinder.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a plan view of the cylinder and clamping rings, showing the projected
ends of the shaft and the abrading material applied to the cylinder, a section of the
material removed to expose the shell of the cylinder and the end of the groove therein
and dotted lines indicating the path of the groove.
Figures 2 and 3 are elevations of the clamping rings applied to the ends of the
cylinder;
Figures 4 and 5 are elevations of the opposite ends of the cylinder with the
clamping rings removed.
Figure 6 is an elevation of the clamping ring shown in Figure 3, viewed from
the opposite side.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the cylinder, the middle portion
broken away.
Figures 8 and 9 are details, showing a slot and pin connection of the clamping
rings with the cylinder.
Figure 10 is a transverse sectional view in detail through a portion of the shell of
the cylinder with the fabric cushion applied thereto and showing the joint of the
abrading material above the groove and the relation of the stock to the joint of the
abrading material.
In the drawings, 11 represents the shell of the cylinder, 12 the cylinder heads, the

page_text: shell projecting beyond the heads in order to provide recesses to receive operating
parts hereinafter described. 13 represents the cylinder shaft, whose ends project to
forin journals. 14 represents sleeves applied over the ends of the shaft 13 and
confined against the heads 12, as for example, by means of the headed screw 15, which
permits said sleeves to be turned upon the shaft. Said sleeves have interiorly
threaded bosses 16, said threads being respectively right and left hand threads
at the opposite ends of the cylinder. The sleeves are also provided with exterior
gear teeth 17 and mesh with small pinions 18, one having a key-stud 19. 20, 21
represent clamping rings or disks, shown in Figures 2 and 3, and of similar con-
struction, except that the one shown in Figure 3 has an aperture 22 through which a
key may be passed to engage the key-stud 19. Said clamping rings have exteriorly
threaded hubs, which are sleeved over the projected ends of the shaft 13 and engage
with the interior threaded bosses 16 of the sleeves 14. Said clamping rings have
flanged rims and are of the same diameter as the cylinder. Obviously, the rotation
of the key-stud will cause the rings, when held against rotation, to move longitudinally
and in order to guide said rings in their movement, we prefer to employ pins 23 on
the shell and projecting toward the shaft with slotted lugs 24 formed on the inner sides
of the clamping rings, the pins working in the slots. If the slot be oblique, as shown
in Figure 8, when the clamping ring is moved outwardly, it will at the same time be
slightly turned axially or rotated about the shaft. If the slot be straight, as shown in
Figure 9, the clamping ring will be moved outwardly or away from the cylinder in
the direction of the axis of the cylinder, but without being turned upon its own axis.
In order to move said clamping rings simultaneously, the key-stud 19 may be formed
upon the end of the shaft 25, extending longitudinally through the cylinder parallel
to the shaft thereof and having bearings in the heads 12. By turning this shaft, the
clamping rings at each end will be moved simultaneously and caused to approach or
recede from each other, depending upon the direction of movement.
The surface of the cylinder is provided with a spiral groove 26. The abrading
material may be of paper, cloth or of any other suitable substance, capable of being
applied to the cutting, dressing or polishing of wood, metal or other surfaces.
This abrading material is preferably applied in a single sheet cut of a suitable
length to cover the surface of the cylinder, and of such form that when spirally wound
thereon, the joint of the abrading material will follow the groove. Such joint may
be overlapped, as indicated by the dotted line in Figure 1, or as in the modified con-
struction shown in Figure 10, the edges of the abrading material may be abutted or
approximated, but without contact. The sheet of the abrading material is of such
length that its ends project over the flanged rims of the clamping rings and are
secured thereto. The preferred means for securing the projected ends of the abrading
material to the clamping rings comprise a strap, band or tape, preferably of metal,
marked 27 and having hooked ends 28, 29. The rim of the clamping ring is cut
away at one point, thus making a shoulder, over which the hook 28 engages and
providing a space within which works the shouldered end 30 of a rocking arm 31,
sleeved over a flanged hub of the clamping ring 21 and confined to the clamping
ring by means of the set-screw 32 working in the slot 33. An adjusting screw 34
bears against a lug 35 of the arm 31 and affords means for tightly drawing the
clamping tape or band, and thus securely clamping the abrading material to the
clamping ring.
The abrading material being thus secured to the clamping rings, may be uniformly
and evenly stretched over the surface of the cylinder by moving the clamping rings
by the means described, and this movement of the clamping rings may either be
longitudinal only or longitudinal and axial, depending upon the form of the slot for
the pin or guide. In either case the movement of the clamping rings reduces the
diameter of the cylindrical shell formed by the abrading material and correspondingly
elongates such cylindrical shell, thereby uniformly and evenly stretching and
tightening the abrading material upon the surface of the cylinder.
We prefer to employ a slot and pin connection which will ensure a slight rotative
or axial movement of the clamping ring in addition to its sliding movement, for the

page_text: reason that when the clamping ring is rotated, the joint in the spirally wound abrading
material will not be changed in its relation to the groove, whereas if the movement
were longitudinal only, the sheet of abrading material would be stretched, but there
would be a slight separation of the edges at the joint. In the construction shown in
Figure 10, the spiral groove is formed in a fabric cushion 36. A cylinder of this
kind is commonly used as a finishing cylinder and we employ cylinders with a
metal shell and cylinders with a fabric covering in the same machine, the former
for roughing and the latter for finishing. With the construction shown in Figure 10,
the edges of the abrading material may be abutted, because the fabric cushion
yields slightly to the strain of the abrading material and the edges of the latter
will slightly curl into the groove, thus presenting no edges to catch upon the
material represented at 37 passing over the joint, as indicated in Figure 10. In
addition to the modifications above described, we have contemplated and have actually
employed, several forms of construction of the cylinder itself. A single movable
clamping ring may be employed and the means for moving and locking said ring
may be varied. Obviously other of the constructive features hereinbefore described
may be varied, and our invention is not limited to the conjoint use of the several
features of construction. In the preferred embodiment of our invention we employ
a spirally grooved cylinder and so apply the abrading material thereto, that the joint
between the turns of the spirals coincides with the groove, whereby a clearance is
provided beneath said joint into which the abutted or overlapped edges of the
abrading material will be drawn when the abrading material is tensioned, and thereby
be prevented from catching upon the stock. The means for tightening the abrading
material might be employed upon cylinders which are not provided with such spiral
grooves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material spirally wound thereon, and
a longitudinally movable clamping ring over which the abrading material projects,
and to which it is secured, and by the movement whereof the abrading material may
be tightened, substantially as described.
2. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material spirally wound thereon, and
a rotatably and longitudinally movable clamping ring, over which the abrading
material projects, and to which it is secured, and by the movement whereof, the
abrading material may be tightened upon the cylinder, substantially as described.
3. An abrading cylinder having a spiral groove in its periphery and an abrading
material spirally wound thereon, the edges of the spirals registering with the spiral
groove, substantially as described.
4. An abrading cylinder having a spiral groove in its periphery, an abrading
material spirally wound thereon with the edges of the spirals overlapped above the
groove, substantially as described.
5. An abrading cylinder having a spiral groove in its periphery, abrading
material spirally wound thereon with its edges registering with the groove, and its
ends adjustably secured, substantially as described.
6. An abrading cylinder having a spiral groove in its periphery, an abrading
material spirally wound thereon, the turns of the spirals registering with the groove,
a movable clamping ring over which the abrading material projects and to which
it is secured, and means for moving the clamping ring, whereby to tighten the
abrading material.
7. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material covering the surface thereof,
a clamping ring over which the abrading material projects and a clamp, consisting
of a flexible band or tape for clamping the abrading material to the ring, and means
for tightening said tape, substantially as described.
8. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material wound thereon, a clamping
ring over which the material projects, a clamp consisting of a flexible tape, strap or

page_text: band having one end adapted for engagement with the clamping ring and a rocking
arm to which the other end of the tape is made fast and means for moving said arm,
whereby to tighten the tape, substantially as described.
9. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material spirally wound thereon and
projecting beyond the end of the cylinder, a clamping ring, to the periphery of
which the projecting end of the abrading material is secured, said clamping ring
having a threaded connection with a part carried by the cylinder, capable of rotation,
but held against longitudinal movement and means for rotating said part, whereby
to longitudinally move the clamping ring, substantially as described.
10. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material spirally wound thereon, a
clamping ring to which one end of the abrading material is secured, a sleeve having
a threaded engagement with the clamping ring and confined against longitudinal
movement and a pinion carried by the cylinder and adapted to drive said sleeve,
substantially as described.
11. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material spirally wound thereon
with its ends projecting beyond the ends of the cylinder, clamping rings over which
the ends of the abrading material project and to which they are secured, said rings
having threaded hubs, sleeves having threaded engagement with said hubs, said
sleeves being adapted to rotate independently of the cylinder but held from
longitudinal movement, a shaft or rod passing through the cylinder and having
pinions upon its ends for driving said sleeves and said shaft being adapted for
rotation, whereby the clamping rings may be simultaneously longitudinally moved,
substantially as described.
12. An abrading cylinder having an abrading material spirally wound thereon and
a shaft whose projected ends form journals for the cylinder, clamping rings adapted
to slide upon the shaft, and to which rings the projecting ends of the abrading
material are secured, and means for imparting a longitudinal and partially rotary
movement to said rings, substantially as and for the purpose described.
1
30
T
DATEN MU way
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.