Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Sept., 1895
L
40th Ont 1505 Accented. 23rd Nov., 1895
J, CHRISTIAN EDMUND Conrad Jungnickel, of Hamburgerstrasse 4, Altona,
Germany, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
Galvanic dry cells as heretofore constructed, possess the drawback that the gases
produced in the interior of the cell, as the result of the application of heat from the
outside, short-circuiting, or other cause, act to drive out the electrolyte through the
porous carbon cylinder. If this driving out action, which of itself weakens the cell,
does not take place with sufficient rapidity, the seal or closure of the cell, or the
cell itself, is liable to burst.
Attempts have been recently made to obviate this drawback by arranging within
the cells elastic hollow bodies which are compressed on increase of the internal gas
pressure, and thus leave the necessary space for the gases, but such attempts have
no material that possesses the requisite
been unsuccessful because there is
elasticity whilst being capable of withstanding the decomposing action of the
electrolyte.
Now according to my invention the cell is provided with a regulator which will
not only obviate the bursting of the seal, or of the cell, on increase of the internal
pressure, but will if necessary permit the discharge from the cell of the whole of
the electrolyte and thus remove the cause of the increase of the gas pressure;
consequently the cell will be protected from destruction even in case of short-
circuiting.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal section, of a carbon-
cylinder-cell provided with a regulator according to my invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal section, showing the
regulator arranged in a carbon plate cell.
The regulator consists of a hollow body a, preferably made of glass, which is
provided at its lower part (in the examples shewn at the bottom) with a small
aperture b. In the carbon cylinder cells (Figs. 1 and 2) this regulator is arranged
inside the carbon cylinder; and in the carbon plate cell it is arranged by the side
of the carbon plate; the arrangement being such that the opening b is always left
free, in order to enable communication to be effected therethrough between the
interior of the regulator and the interior of the cell.
If gases be generated inside the cell, and they are not able to escape with
sufficient rapidity, they will force the electrolyte through the opening 6 into the
regulator. In this manner the electrolyte will be withdrawn from the cell;
further generation of gas arrested, and the complete exhaustion of the cell
prevented.
After the gases have escaped or have become partly condensed, the compressed
air in the regulator forces the electrolyte back again out into the cell, whereby the
latter is again rendered active.
T
1905

page_text: I, CHRISTIAN EDMUND CONRAD JUNGNICKEL, of Hamburgerstrasse 4, Altona,
Germany, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Galvanic dry cells as heretofore constructed possess the drawback that the gases
produced in the interior of the cell, as the result of the application of heat from
the outside, short-circuiting, or other cause, act to drive out the electrolyte through
the porous carbon cylinder. If this driving out action, which of itself weakens the
cell, does not take place with sufficient rapidity, the seal or closure of the cell,
or the cell itself, is liable to burst. Attempts have been recently made to obviate
this drawback by arranging within the cells, elastic hollow bodies which are
compressed on increase of the internal gas pressure, and thus leave the necessary
space for the gases; but such attempts have been unsuccessful because there is no
material that both possesses the requisite elasticity and is at the same time capable
of withstanding the decomposing-action of the electrolyte.
Now according to my invention the cell is provided with a regulator which will
not only obviate the bursting of the seal, or of the cell, on increase of the internal
pressure, but which will if necessary permit the whole of the electrolyte of the
cell to be discharged into it and thus remove the cause of the increase of the gas
pressure; consequently the cell will be protected from destruction even in case of
short-circuiting.
Referring to the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification,
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal section, showing a
carbon-cylinder cell provided with a regulator according to my invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal section showing the
regulator arranged in a carbon-plate cell.
The regulator consists of a hollow body a, preferably made of glass, which is
provided at its lower part (in the examples shown, at the bottom) with a small
aperture b. In the carbon-cylinder cell (Figs. 1 and 2), this regulator is arranged
inside the carbon-cylinder; and in the carbon-plate cell (Figs. 3 and 4), it is
arranged by the side of the carbon-plate. The arrangement in each case is such
that the opening is always left free, in order to enable communication to be
effected therethrough between the interior of the regulator and the interior of
the cell.
.
If gases be generated inside the cell, and they be not able to escape with
sufficient rapidity, they will force the electrolyte through the opening into the
regulator the air in which will be thereby more or less compressed. In this manner
the electrolyte will be partially or wholly removed from that part of the cell that
ordinarily contains it, further generation of gas will be arrested, and the complete
exhaustion of the cell prevented. Thus the hollow body will serve as a regulator
of gas pressure, and also, if need be, as a cut out when the whole of the electrolyte
is forced into it.
After the gases have escaped or have become partly condensed, the compressed
air in the regulator will force the electrolyte back again out into the cell and
thereby render the latter again active.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a closed galvanic dry cell, a hollow body a placed in free communication
by means of an aperture in its lower portion or bottom with the interior of the

page_text: cell, the arrangement being such that on increase in the pressure of the gas within
the cell, the said body will serve to receive the electrolyte either partially or
completely that is to say, to such an extent as to render the cell inoperative the
said body then acting both as a regulator of pressure and as a cut out, substantially
as described.
2. A galvanic dry cell having a hollow body a constructed arranged and
operating as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ;
and in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings herein referred to.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.