IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS USED IN WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING FABRICS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jeremiah Driver, of Keighley, in the County of
York, Ironfounder, and Joseph Jessop, of Bradford, in the same County,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS USED IN WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING FABRICS."
Sealed the 28th August 1860; and dated the 1st March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jeremiah Driver and
Joseph Jessop at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 1st March 1860.
We, JEREMIAH DRIVER, of Keighley, in the County of York, Ironfounder, and
JOSEPH JESSOP, of Bradford, in the same County, Machine Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS USED IN WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
The improvements relate, first, to forming the bottom of apparatus used in
the wasbing processes of corrugated wrought or cast iron, copper, tin, zinc, or lead,
or a mixture of such metals, and to coating the wrought or cast iron with metal
or a compound of metals applied by galvanic or electro process, and not liable
by oxidation or otherwise to injure the fabrics operated upon by them.
Also to formning the conductors for conducting the water and fabrics operated
upon of wrought or cast iron or zinc, the wrought or cast iron to be coated
with metal or a compound of metals above referred to, and by similar means
or process.
The improvements also relate to coating corrugated wrought or cast iron
bottoms above referred to, and the conductors for conducting the water and

page_text: fabrics, with porcelain or glass enamel or varnish; also to forming suitable
bottoms of porcelain or pottery ware.
The improvements also relate to forming the rollers used in washing,
wringing, and mangling processes, of wrought or cast iron, copper, tin, zinc, or
lead, the wrought or cast iron to be coated with metal, or a compound of metals
applied by galvanic or electro process, or with porcelain or glass enamel or
varnish; also to forming the necks or axes of such rollers of wrought iron
secured by the rollers being cast on to such necks or axes; also to forming the
necks or axes of cast iron, cast with and being a solid part of the rollers.
Also the improvements relate to covering, such rollers, when made of wood,
with sheet copper, tin, zinc, or lead, or with varnish, paper, or papier maché.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jeremiah Driver and Joseph Jessop in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 1st September 1860.
:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JEREMIAH
DRIVER, of Keighley, in the County of York, Ironfounder, and JOSEPH
JESSOP, of Bradford, in the same County, Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS. Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Jeremiah Driver and Joseph Jessop, Her special licence that we, the
said Jeremiah Driver and Joseph Jessop, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Jeremiah Driver, and Joseph Jessop,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
OR APPARATUS USED IN WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING FABRICS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Jeremiah Driver and Joseph
Jessop, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to

page_text: be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Jeremiah Driver and Joseph Jessop,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our improvements in means or apparatus used in washing, wringing, and
mangling fabrics relate, first, to forming the bottoms of the tubs or troughs
used in the washing processes of corrugated wrought or of cast iron, copper,
tin, zinc, or lead, or a mixture of such metals. When using corrugated metal,
the corrugations should run in a direction longitudinally of the tub or trough,
and when using wrought or cast iron for this purpose, we coat the same with
other metal or a compound of metals, such as are not liable by oxidation or
otherwise to injure the fabrics placed in the tubs or troughs, and we apply
such coating of other metal by galvanic or electro processes. And to facilitato
the construction of these washing tubs or trouglis we form these metal bottom's
with recesses, grooves, or ears, adapted to receive the wood sides or ends
thereof.
Our improvements also relate to forming the conductors used in wringing
processes for conducting the water from the pressing rollers, as also for con-
ducting the fabrics operated upon in mangling apparatus, of wrought or cast
iron or zinc. And when such conductors are formed of wrought or cast iron,
we coat them with other metal, or a compound of other metals, adapted, as
already referred to, to avoid the injurious effects resulting from oxidation and
by similar means. or process.
Our improvements also relate to coating corrugated wrought or cast iron
.bottoms of tubs or troughs used in washing fabrics, as also the "conductors
of wringing and mangling apparatus, with glazed pot, porcelain, or glass enamel
'or varnish.
Our improvements also relate to forming the bottoms of washing tubs or
troughs of washing apparatus of porcelain or pottery ware.
For this purpose
the clay is cast or moulded into the required forms, and baked and glazed with
grooves, recesses, or ears adapted to receive and hold the sides and ends of such
tubs or troughs. By thus forming the bottoms of porcelain or pottery ware,
great cleanliness will be obtained.
Our improvements also relate to forming the rollers used in the processes
of washing, wringing, and mangling fabrics of wrought or cast iron, copper,
tin, zinc, or lead.
When employing wrought or cast iron, wo coat the same with other metal

page_text: or a compound of other metals, adapted to prevent the injurious effects of
oxidation, applied by galvanic or electro process, or we coat the iron with
glazed pot, porcelain, or glass enamel or varnish.
Also our improvements relate to forming the necks or axes of rollers used
in washing, wringing, and mangling processes of wrought iron secured by the
rollers being cast on to such necks or axes. The means by which we arrange
for casting the rollers, are by having a three-parted box and shell model
that composes the centre part of the roller which leaves its own core, also two
loose end models consisting of arms and axes made to fit on to each end of the
shell model, the shell model being rammed up with sand; one loose end con-
taining arms and axes is then put on and rammed up with sand; the lonso
end of the box is then lifted off and the model containing arms and axes taken
from it, the bottom and middle part of the box is then turned over, and the
other loose part of the box containing arms and axes being rammed up with
sand as before, the model containing arms and axes is taken out and the shell
model drawn.
Also our improvements relate to forming the necks or axes of such rollers
of cast iron, cast with and being a solid part of the rollers.
Also our improvements relate to covering rollers, when made of wood, and
used in the various processes of washing, wringing, and mangling fabrics, with
sheet copper, tin, zinc, or lead, or with varnish, paper, or papier mâché, by
which such rollers will be less liable to crack besides being generally more
durable.'
In all the applications of iron referred to, we wish it to be distinctly under-
stood that our Invention does not apply to what is called galvanized sheet iron,
and we hereby distinctly disclaim the use of the same.
In witness whereof, we, the said Jeremiah Driver and Joseph Jessop,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-ninth day of
August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
cintu
Witness,
WILLIAM THOMPSON,
Keighley,
August 29th, 1860.
JEREMIAH DRIVER. (L.S.)
JOSEPH JESSOP.
(L.S.).