Improvements in the Manufacture, Blending, or Treatment of Certain Mineral Hydro-carbons or Compounds of Hydro- carbons.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture, Blending, or Treatment of
Certain Mineral Hydro-carbons or Compounds of Hydro-
carbons.
I, SAMUEL BANNER of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object an improved method or process for the
treatment of the lighter hydro-carbons for the purpose of enhancing their value
for the various uses to which they are applicable.
The invention consists in adding any one or more of the higher or of the lower
hydro-carbons of one chemical series to any one or more of the nearly corresponding
hydro-carbons of another series.
The mixture of hydro-carbon compounds thus obtained possesses a higher specific
gravity than the mean of the separate liquids, and a corresponding improvement
in the index of viscosity and of the flush point, indicating an interlacing or
coalescence of the atoms. The resultant product is consequently more valuable for
the purposes to which these hydro-carbon compounds are applicable.
In using this invention for the manufacture of a turpentine substitute, I blend
the lighter hydro-carbons of the respective series and mix them together, while if
I want a lubricating oil, I blend the heavier hydro-carbons of the respective series.
.
WP. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents for the Applicant,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool.

page_text: CarDoms.
.
I, SAMUEL BANNER of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object an improved method or process for the
treatment of lighter hydrocarbons, that is those other than bitumens and the
like, for the purpose of enhancing their value for the various uses to which they
are applicable.
This invention consists in adding any one or more hydrocarbons of one chemical
series to any one or more of the nearly corresponding hydrocarbons of another
series.
The mixture of hydrocarbon compounds thus obtained, possesses a higher specific
gravity than the mean of the separate liquids, and a corresponding improvement
in the index of viscosity, and of the flash point, indicating an interlacing or
coalescence of the atoms. The resultant product is consequently more valuable
for the purposes to which these hydrocarbon compounds are applicable.
For use as a burning oil as an example, I select distillates of mineral oils, such
as have in them hydrocarbons different in composition from those of the American
petroleum, that is hydrocarbons of another series, having the power not only of
mixing with the less costly American burning oils of too low a flash point to pass
the required standard by themselves, but of entering into such closer combination
as to give when so mixed, not the mean specific gravity, flash or fire test, or
capillarity, but results higher than the mean.
In my experiments to ascertain what mineral oils are best for this purpose,
I have found that those European and Asiatic petroleum distillation products, in
which the olefine series very largely predominate are the best, and further that the
most beneficial results are obtained when nearly equal quantities of corresponding
members or nearly corresponding members, of the two series (paraffins always
largely found in the American and most British mineral oils, and the olefines
largely occurring in most of the petroleums of the Eastern Hemisphere) are
combined together.
:
In the case of lubricating oils, or soft or hard wax the same remarks apply,
I take two comparatively heavy hydrocarbons of inferior viscosity, one with the
paraffins largely predominating, the other mainly another. series, preferably olefines,
and the two formed of corresponding members of the two respective series, that is
with an equal or nearly equal number of carbon atoms in the molecule. I mix
these two oils together, preferably in molecular proportions. The result is an oil
of very much greater viscosity.
The extraordinary coalescing or combining of corresponding members of the
various hydrocarbon series, so as to produce superior results to the mean, occur

page_text: also with the lighter hydrocarbons, so that I find I can make an excellent
turpentine substitute from the very light mineral oils below government flash
test, when nearly equal quantities of the corresponding members of the olefine and
paraffin series are blended together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what, manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The improvements in blending or treating certain mineral hydrocarbons or
compounds of hydrocarbons, which consist in taking corresponding members of two
or more series such as the olefines and paraffins, and blending them together in
such manner, that preferably nearly equal quantities of each series shall be united
together, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. The manufacture of certain mineral compounds of hydrocarbons so as to form
from oils under a given test-illuminating or lubricating oils or lighter mineral
solvents (or turpentine substitutes), substantially as and in the manner described.
Dated this 12th day of November 1886