Improvements in Apparatus for Controlling the Pressure and Flow of Fluids.
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Controlling the Pressure and
Flow of Fluids.
I WALTER THOMAS LAYTON of Burcot in the parish of Broomsgrove in the
County of Worcester Gas and Water Engineer; do hereby declare the nature of
said Invention for 26 IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE
PRESSURE AND FLOW OF FLUIDS ".to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to apparatus intended chiefly for the control and regulation
of the pressure of water passing through pipes or passages such as ordinary mains
for example but the said apparatus can be used for regulating or controlling the
flow of steam or other fluids.
The apparatus consists of a casing with openings for the ingress and egress of the
fluid. In this casing is contained a valve by preference with a conical projection
on its closing side seating itself upon a seat at the inlet opening for the purpose of
regulating the passage of the said opening. The said valve is connected to a
packed piston situated in the casing between the inlet and outlet openings and
working in a cylinder or chamber contained in the before mentioned casing one
side of the said piston being open to the fluid contained in the casing the other side
being closed to the contents of the casing and open to the atmosphere. When the
apparatus is in action the incoming fluid opens the valve and passes it and flows
through the outlet until the pressure of the fluid on the interior of the casing on
the outlet side of the valve bears any predetermined proportion to the inlet
pressure on the valve when this is the case the pressure of the fluid on the outlet
side of the apparatus acting on the piston (which is proportioned to the valve
according to the reduction of pressure required) will close the valve until the outlet
pressure falls. By these means the pressure at the outlet of the apparatus will
always bear a practically fixed proportion to the pressure at the inlet.
Where it is desired to alter or vary the pressure at the outlet of the apparatus
this can be effected by means of a weight or spring acting on a lever which may
be attached to a spindle working through a packed opening in the casing aud
connected with the piston or its connections in such a manner that either the
opening or the closing of the valve may be assisted by the movements of such
lever and by varying the pressure of the weight or spring the outlet pressure can
be readily adjusted as required.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Controlling the Pressure and
Flow of Fluids.
•
I, WALTER THOMAS LAYTON of Burcot in the Parish of Bromsgrove in the
County of Worcester Gas and Water Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE PRESSURE
AND FLOW OF FLUIDS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention relates to apparatus intended chiefly. for the control and regulation
of the pressure of water passing through pipes or passages such as ordinary mains
for example but the said apparatus can be used for regulating or controlling the
flow of steam or other fluids.
I will describe my Invention with reference to the accompanying drawing.
whereon Figure 1 is a longitudinal section Figure 2 is a horizontal section (on the
line 1. 2 Figure 1) of an apparatus constructed according to my Invention.
The apparatus consists of a casing A with openings A2 and A³ respectively for
the ingress and egress of the fluid. In this casing is contained a valve B (by
preference with a conical projection on its closing, side b) seating itself upon a
seat a at the inlet opening for the purpose of regulating the passage of the said
opening. The said valve is connected to a packed piston B2 by a rod C passing
through a stuffing box d on the side or cover of the chamber or cylinder D situated
between the inlet and outlet A² A³ and in this chamber or cylinder the piston B2
can work.
One side of the said piston is open to the fluid contained in the casing.
the other side being closed to the contents of the casing and open to the atmosphere
through the opening d². When the apparatus is in action the incoming fluid opens
the valve B by pressing it away from its seat a and passes it and flows through
the outlet until the pressure of the fluid in the interior of the casing on the outlet
side of the valve bears any predetermined proportion to the inlet pressure on the
valve When this is the case the pressure of the fluid on the outlet side of the
apparatus acting on the piston B2 (which is proportioned to the valve according to
the reduction of pressure required) will move the valve B towards its seat and
contract the inlet opening until the outlet pressure falls. By these means the
pressure at the outlet of the apparatus will always bear a practically fixed
proportion to the pressure at the inlet.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a modified arrangement in which the
valve B is fitted to or formed on one end of a hollow piston rod C the piston B³
being carried on the opposite end of the said rod and working fluid tight in the
casing A The incoming fluid entering the casing A at A³ passes through openings c
to the interior of the hollow piston rod C and thence to the front face or outlet
side of the piston B' which piston is proportioned to the valve B as described with
reference to the arrangement Figures 1 and 2 and is open at its rear or opposite
side to the atmosphere through the opening d in the casing A.
Where it is desired to alter or vary the pressure at the outlet of the apparatus
this can be effected as shewn in Figures 4 and 5 namely by means of a weight or
weights e acting on a lever E which is attached to a spindle f working through a

page_text: packed opening a (shewn in dotted lines in Figures 4) in the casing and connected
with the piston in such a manner that either the opening or the closing of the valve
may be assisted by the movements of such lever, and by varying the amount of the
weight the outlet pressure can be readily adjusted as required-Of course a spring
can be used in place of weights and the spindle or other means of conveying the
pressure may be attached to either the valve or the piston or the rod which connects
them as may be most convenient.
°
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
apparatus for controlling the pressure and flow of fluids substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. In apparatus for controlling the pressure and flow of fluids the com-
bination of a valve for regulating the inlet to which is connected a piston or its
equivalent of larger area than that of the valve and subject at one side to the
pressure at the outlet and at the other side to atmospheric pressure substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
WALTER T. LAYTON.