IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING INGOTS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Marcus Fenton and Bagshaw Cockayne, both of
Sheffield, in the County of York, Steel Manufacturers, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING INGOTS
Sealed the 2nd April 1874, and dated the 16th October 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Marcus Fenton and
Bagshaw Cockayne at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 16th October 1873.
We, MARCUS FENTON and BAGSHAW COOKAYNE, both of Sheffield, in
the County of York, Steel Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS AND APPARATUS FOR
CASTING INGOTS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF STEEL AND OTHER METALS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists of the construction and combination herein-
after described of moulds and apparatus for casting ingots and other
articles of steel and other metals whereby two or more ingots or other

page_text: articles are cast simultaneously, and the castings produced are sounder
than those produced in the ordinary way.
We will describe our Invention as applied to the casting of ingots of
steel. We construct a mould having in it two or more parallel recesses
of the size and shape of the ingots to be cast. The said double or com-
pound mould is made in two or more parts, and the said parts of the
mould are clamped or otherwise connected together in any convenient
manner. We combine with the said double or compound mould a
receiver for receiving the liquid steel to be cast in the mould. The said
receiver is supported on the open top of the mould, and in the base of
the said receiver are two or more holes or perforations, the said holes or
perforations being situated respectively over the open tops of the recesses
in the mould. After the steel has been "teemed " or run into the
receiver described the liquid steel flows in uniform streams into the
several recesses of the mould, and two or more ingots are thereby.
simultaneously cast.
By our Invention several ingots of steel are simultaneously cast with
great facility, and the castings so made are very sound.
In casting articles other than ingots according to our Invention we
use a double or compound mould and receiver of the kind described, the
recesses in the mould having the shapes of the articles to be cast.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Marcus Fenton and Bagshaw Cockayne in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th April 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, MARCUS 2
FENTON and BAGSHAW COCKAYNE, both of Sheffield, in the County of
York, Steel Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty- 3
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Marcus Fenton and Bagshaw Cockayne,
Her special licence that we, the said Marcus Fenton and Bagshaw

page_text: Cockayne, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Marcus Fenton and Bagshaw Cockayne, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others,
from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term therein
5 expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS AND
APPARATUS FOR CASTING INGOTS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF STEEL AND OTHER METALS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Marcus Fenton
and Bagshaw Cockayne, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand
and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Marcus Fenton and Bagshaw
Cockayne, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:
Our Invention consists of the construction and combination herein-
after described of moulds and apparatus for casting ingots and other
articles of steel and other metals, whereby two or more ingots or other
articles are cast simultaneously, and the castings produced are sounder
than those produced in the ordinary way.
We will describe our Invention as applied to the casting of ingots
of steel. We construct a mould having in it two or more parallel
recesses of the size and shape of the ingots to be cast. The said double
or compound mould is made in two or more parts, and the said parts of
the mould are clamped or otherwise connected together in any convenient
manner. We combine with the said double or compound mould a
receiver or runner box for receiving the liquid steel to be cast in the
mould. The said receiver is supported on the open top of the mould,
and in the base of the said receiver or in a separate plate on which the
receiver is supported are two or more holes or perforations, the said
holes or perforations being situated respectively over the open tops of

page_text: or run
the recesses in the mould. After the steel has been "teemed
into the receiver or runner box described the liquid steel flows in uniform
streams into the several recesses of the mould and two or more ingots
are thereby simultaneously cast.
By our Invention several ingots or other articles of steel or other
metal are simultaneously cast with great facility, and the castings so
made are very sound.
Having explained the nature of our Invention we will proceed to
describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the manner in
which the same may be performed.
Figure 1 represents in longitudinal vertical section, and Figure 2 in
transverse vertical section (partly in elevation) a compound mould and
apparatus for casting ingots of steel, constructed according to our
Invention; Figure 3 is a plan of the same; and Figure 4 is a horizontal
section of the compound mould. The same letters of reference indicate
the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
a, a, is the compound mould, having four recesses b, b, in it, the said
recesses being situated in the same line. The said compound mould a
is composed of two parts or halves fitted together in the manner shown
in Figure 4. The parts or halves of the mould are clamped or held
together when in use in any convenient way. The top of the mould a
is covered by a flat plate c, which is fitted on the top of the mould by
means of snugs on the under side of the said plate engaging with the
sides of the mould, as seen in Figures 1 and 2, but the said plate may be
fitted to the top of the mould in any other convenient manner; the said
plate c is provided with handles d, d, by which it may be lifted on to or
off the top of the mould; in the said plate c four holes f, f, are made,
which holes when the plate is fitted on the mould coincide with or
respectively come opposite the recesses 6, in the said mould; supported
upon the perforated covering plate c is a receiver or runner box e, the
said receiver or runner box being provided with four taper holes g, g,
which are situated respectively exactly over the holes f,f, in the plate c,
as represented; the receiver or runner box e is fitted centrally on the
plate c so that the holes g in it exactly coincide with those in the plate c,
by means of studs or guide pins h, h, on opposite sides of the said plate,
which studs or pins fit into corresponding recesses in the bottom of the
receiver or runner box e (see Figure 2); the receiver or runner box e is

page_text: prepared for use by lining it with a composition such as is used in
making sand moulds for ordinary castings; the said lining is marked e³,
and is provided with taper holes 9, 9; after the lining has been dried it
is ready for use; the said holes g, g, in the lining vary in size according
to the size of the ingots to be cast, and the force which the stream of
molten metal is required to possess. The receiver or runner box e thus
prepared for use is next raised to a red heat and adjusted in the position
represented on the plate c. The liquid steel is now poured into the
receiver or runner box from the crucible, from whence it flows through
the holes g, g, and f, f, in uniform streams into the several recesses b, b,
of the compound mould, and four steel ingots are simultaneously cast in
the said mould. After the ingots have consolidated the receiver or
runner box e and supporting plate c are lifted off the mould and the two
halves or parts of the mould are separated and the ingots removed.
Figure 5 represents in transverse vertical section, Figure 6 in longi-
tudinal vertical section, and Figure 7 in plan a compound ingot mould
and runner box constructed according to our Invention, in which the
recesses in the mould are situated two in a line, or back to back.
Figure 8 is a cross section of the mould. The mould in this arrange-
ment is composed of four plates, fitted together in the manner seen in
Figure 8, but the said mould may be made in three parts instead of four.
In this case the inner parts of the mould marked a², a², in Figure 8, are
cast in one piece instead of two pieces. The other parts of the mould
and runner box, Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, are similar to corresponding parts
of the mould and runner box represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, and
are marked with the same letters of reference.
Although we prefer to make the plate c and receiver or runner box e
separate, as represented, yet the said parts may be made in one piece or
connected together.
In casting articles other than ingots according to our Invention we
use a double or compound mould and a receiver or runner box of the
kind described and represented, the recesses in the mould having the
shapes of the articles to be cast.
We do not limit ourselves to any particular shape of the receiver, or
runner box, or mould, or to the number of ingots or other articles which
may he cast simultaneously in the mould

page_text: Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that
we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention, the improvements in
moulds and apparatus for casting ingots and other articles of steel and
other metals, herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say, making the said moulds with two or more
recesses of the size and shape of the ingots or articles to be cast, and
combining with the said double or compound mould a perforated receiver
or runner box for receiving the molten steel or metal to be cast in the
mould whereby two or more ingots or articles are simultaneously cast,
substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Marcus Fenton and Bagshaw
Cockayne, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second
day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-four.
MARCUS FENTON.
(L.S.)
Witness,
GEORGE CORNU,
437, Glassop Road,
Sheffield.
BAGSHAW COCKAYNE. (L.S.)
20