IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry. Richardson, Paper. Manufacturer, and
Henry Glenny, Paper Mill Manager, both of Jarrow on Tyne, in the County
of Durham, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Richardson
and Henry Glenny at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th
November 1880.
WILLIAM HENRY RICHARDSON, Paper Manufacturer, and HENRY GLENNY, Paper
Mill Manager, both of Jarrow on Tyne, in the County of Durham. "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER."
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used in the manufac-
ture of paper.
The Invention is an improved knotter or strainer to be used,
1st, for straining half stuff from weeds, roots, and dirt before placing it in the
beating engine; 2nd, for straining beater stuff from partially beaten stuff whilst
passing through the beating engine, or during the process, or intermediate between
the processes of beating, if more than one; 3rd, for straining paper pulp before
passing to the paper machine as a substitute for the ordinary jog strainer or
revolving strainer.
For these purposes we employ a strainer made of strong strainer plates of
the ordinary construction fixed in a vat in an inclined position, and preferably
with the cuts transverse or diagonal to the flow of the stuff which follows the
inclination of the plates. In the bottom of the vat is a disc and diaphragm of
india rubber or other flexible material, and a rapid reciprocal motion is given
to the disc by means of a connecting rod and crank working from a revolving
shaft.
The half stuff, partially beaten pulp, or finished pulp, flows on the strainer at
the highest part. The clean or beaten or finished pulp passes through the strainer
by the aid of the action of the disc and diaphragm, and the weed, roots, and dirt,
or the partially beaten stuff, or the hard and foreign particles, lumps, knots, and
dirt, roll down the inclined strainer plate, so that no accumulation thereof takes,
place on the surface of the plate, and the strainer is self cleansing. It is most
convenient and effective to use two or more similar strainers, and for the stuff to
flow over the surface of one of them onto that of the next, and so from one to
another till all the clean pulp has passed through, and all foreign matter is strained
out or separated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Henry Richardson and Henry Glenny in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 11th May 1881.
WILLIAM HENRY RICHARDSON, Paper Manufacturer, and HENRY GLENNY, Paper
Mill Manager, both of Jarrow-on-Tync, in the County of Durham. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER."
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used in the manufac-
ture of paper. The Invention is an improved knotter or strainer to be used,
1st, for straining half stuff from weeds, roots, and dirt before placing it in the
beating engine; 2nd, for straining beaten stuff from partially beaten stuff whilst
passing through the beating engine, or during the process, or intermediate between
the processes of beating, if more than one; 3rd, for straining paper pulp before
passing to the paper machine as a substitute for the ordinary jog strainer or
revolving strainer.
For these purposes we employ a strainer made of strong strainer plates of
the ordinary construction fixed in a vat in an inclined position, and preferably
with the cuts transverse or diagonal to the flow of the stuff which follows the
inclination of the plates. In the bottom of the vat is a disc and diaphragm of
india rubber or other flexible material, and a rapid reciprocal motion is given
to the disc by means of a connecting rod and crank working from a revolving
shaft.
The half stuff, partially beaten pulp, or finished pulp, flows on the strainer at
the highest part. The clean or beaten or finished pulp passes through the strainer
by the aid of the action of the disc and diaphragm, and the weeds, roots, and dirt,
or the partially beaten stuff, or the hard and foreign particles, lumps, knots, and
dirt roll down the inclined strainer plate, so that no accumulation thereof takes
place on the surface of the plate, and the strainer is self clearing. It is most
convenient and effective to use two or more similar strainers, and for the stuff to
flow over the surface of one of them onto that of the next, and so from one to
another till all the clean pulp has passed through, and all foreign matter is strained
out or separated.
In carrying out the said Invention we provide a rectangular tray or vat of cast
iron, wood, or other suitable material, and fitted with strainer plates of the usual
construction in an inclined position, with cuts transverse or diagonal to the flow of
the stuff. At the bottom of the said vat or vats, which may be of any convenient 3
depth, we place diaphragms of india rubber or any similar suitable material, which
are made to vibrate by means of cranks.
It is necessary for the efficient working of the apparatus that the level of the
stuff in the vat be accurately adjusted, so that it may be always at or near the
lower side of the strainer plates, and for this purpose we place curved pipes, one s
from each part of the apparatus, to the spouts leading to the wire of the paper
Tuachine, with valves to regulate the flow of the stuff, and by adjusting them we
keep it at a proper level in the vats.
We work the strainer in two divi-ions, the first with plates of the usual fineness,
and the second with much finer plates. In order to keep the surface of the second 4
or finer part of the strainer free from dirt or foreign matter that accumulates
thereon, we apply an automatic apparatus which is driven by a worm wheel and
screw, so that at intervals of half an hour, or more or less, as may be required,

page_text: 1st, a sluice is let down on the strainer plates, thus dividing the surface of the
strainer into two divisions corresponding to the divisions in the vat; 2nd, after a
short interval another sluice is raised at the end of the strainer, opposite to that at
which the stuff is admitted, which allows the dirt and foreign matter to escape;
3rd, by the same apparatus a valve is opened simultaneously with the opening of
the last named sluice which admits water into a perforated pipe, and thence to
the surface of the second or finer part of the strainer, which drives or washes off the
said dirt or foreign matter from the surface of the plates into a receptaclo placed for
the purpose of receiving it.
In the accompanying Drawings, Figure 1 is a plan; Figure 2 is a side view;
Figure 3 is a transverse section of the apparatus.
A, A, A, A, is a vat of cast iron or other suitable material fitted with strainer
plates, and divided under the said plates into two divisions by the feather C. Each
division has a diaphragm B worked by the crank G below the vat. The strainer
plates in that part of the vat where the stuff is admitted at P may be of the
usual description, or rather finer than those generally used for the sort of paper
manufactured; they are placed in an inclined position with the cuts transverse
or diagonal to the flow of the stuff. The plates on the other side of the said
feather C may be much finer (say cut 2 Watson's gauge), and may be placed level
or slightly inclined.
The stuff is admitted to the strainer in the usual manner at P. The greater part
of the clean stuff passes through the coarser and inclined strainer plates, and by
the curved pipe D to the valve E, where it is admitted to the troughs F which
conduct it to the wire of the paper machine. These valves may be dispensed with
when the stuff worked is of uniform character, but are necessary when stuffs of
varying fineness or quality are worked. Part of the stuff, including the whole of
the dirt and foreign matter, passes over the inclined plates onto the level and finer
plates, and the whole of the rest of the clean stuff passes through these plates and
by the other curved pipe and valve to the spout leading to the wire of the machine.
On the surface of the last named finer strainer plates, the dirt and foreign matter
in the stuff in time accumulates; and when this takes place by the automatic
apparatus delineated in the Drawings, a sluice K is let down to prevent any further
flow of stuff for a few seconds on to the finer part of the strainer. After a short
interval; by the same apparatus, the sluice J is opened. by means of the cam N, and
at the same time a valve is opened at L by which jets of water from a perforated
pipe are thrown onto the strainer plate, and the whole of the dirt or foreign matter
is thereby washed off and projected from the strainer at O, where it may be
collected in a proper receptacle and removed, or simply allowed to run down the
drain.
We are aware that the arrangement of flexible diaphragms at the bottom of the
strainer vat, and the use of strainer plates in an inclined position, have been
patented or worked many years ago.
What we claim as our Invention is,― -
First. The combination with a strainer of inclined strainer plates of a vibrating
diaphragm or diaphragms (which may be placed at any reasonable distance from
the strainer plates, either within, below, or beside the strainer vat) with pipes and
valves for the purpose of conveying the strained stuff to the paper machine, so
arranged that the level of the stuff in the vat may be regulated and maintained at
the level at which the strainer works most efficiently.
Second. The straining apparatus combined with the automatic apparatus,
described and shewn in the Drawing, for clearing away the dirt and foreign
inatter from the strainer..
Third. The apparatus as applied for the straining of paper pulp at the paper.
machine.
Fourth. The apparatus as applied for straining or cleaning half stuff before it
enters the beating engine.

page_text: Fifth. The apparatus as applied for separating beaten from partially beaten stuff
whilst it is passing through the beating engine.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Richardson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty seventh day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
WH HENRY RICHARDSON
WH HENRY RICHARDSON (LS)