IM- PROVEMENTS IN WARMING CONSERVATORIES, GREENHOUSES, AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Restell, of Croydon, in the County
of Surrey, Watch and Clock Maker, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN WARMING CONSERVATORIES, GREENHOUSES, AND OTHER
BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 24th February 1854, and dated the 31st October 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Restell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 31st October 1858.
I, RICHARD RESTELL, of Croydon, in the County of Surrey, Watch
& Clock Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING CONSERVATORIES, GREENHOUSES, AND OTHER
BUILDINGS" to be as follows:-
Inside an ordinary pipe I insert a gas jet or burner, and carry a pipe
or pipes to any part of the building to be heated, the last pipe opening
into a flue or chimney, or into the external atmosphere. At some
point below that at which the gas is ignited is the outlet from a cold
air pipe, the outer end of which is open to the atmosphere. The cold
air entering the pipe gets heated in passing the ignited gas, and con-
veys heat throughout the pipes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Restell in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 29th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
RICHARD RESTELL, of Croydon, in the County of Surrey, Watch and
Clock Maker, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her_most Excellent. Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Richard Restell, Her special
licence that I, the said Richard Restell, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard Restell, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WARMING CONSERVATORIES, GREENHOUSES, AND OTHER BUILDINGS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that T, the said Richard Restell, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Restell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, roference being had to the Drawings here.
unto annexed, that is to say:
My Invention consists in heating and warming conservatories, green-
houses, pits, frames, shops, counting-houses, sitting rooms, and other
buildings by means of an ordinary pipe, inside of which I insert a
gas jet or burner, and carry a pipe or pipes to any part of the building

page_text: to be heated, the list pipe opening into a flue or chimney, or into
the external atmosphere.. At some point below that at which the
gas is ignited is the outlet from a cold air pipe, the outer end-of
which is open to the atmosphere. The cold air entering the pipe
gets heated in passing the ignited gas, and conveys heat througliout
the pipes.
The annexed Drawings represent in Figure 1, a plan, and Figure 2,
a sectional elevation of a conservatory fitted with an arrangement
of pipes, and heated in the manner herein-before described. A; A,
is the conservatory, and B, one of the end walls. C, is a plate
fixed to the wall B, by the bolts a, a. D, is a chamber in which is
fitted a gas bracket E. F, is the door for obtaining access to the
burner for the purpose of lighting it. G, is another chamber at
the back of the plate C, and containing two sockets for fitting in the
ends of the pipes. Figure 3, is a front view upon an enlarged scale;
Figure 4, a back view; and Figure 5, a section of the plate C,
and chambers D, and G. H, is the pipe for conveying the heated
air through the building, one end of which fits into the top socket b,
and directly in contact with the flame of gas issuing from the burner.
This pipe is carried along the extent of the building to be heated,
and is finally connected to the vertical pipe H³, which opens into
the external atmosphere. I, is the cold. air pipe, which is fitted into
the lower socket c, and communicates with the open air, for the pur-
pose of affording a supply of air to be heated, there being an opening
c, to permit of a free circulation between them. d, is a sight hole
for inspecting the gas burner without opening the door; F and L, is
a fastening for the door. Figure 6, is a modification of the above
arrangement, in which one pipe serves both for the cold air drain and
also for containing the gas burner. A, is the pipe; B, the gas bracket,
which is screwed to a wall or other convenient position, and inserted
through a hole in the side of the pipe, that when the gas is ignited it
may heat the air; C, is the door, provided with a button D for fasten-
ing it in its place. In cases where expense is a consideration I make
use of a simple pipe, similar to the one represented in Figure 7. A, is
the pipe, which is passed through an iron plate in the wall of the con-

page_text: servatory or other building to be heated, and provided with a moveable
perforated cap to act as a cold air drain. a, is a hole for inserting the
gas bracket: Should a damp or moist atmosphere be required, I place
damping troughs, fitted upon the pipes and containing water, which is
evaporated by the heat of the pipes. In some cases I also use a jet of
gas placed outside the pipe and at its extremity, whereby a complete
circulation of the hot air in the pipe is ensured.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim
the warming of conservatories, greenhouses, and other buildings by 1
means of a jet or jets of gas inserted in an ordinary pipe, in commu-
nication with other pipes circulating through the building, to be heated
in the manner herein-before described and represented in the Drawings
hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Restell, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
RICHARD RESTELL. (L.S.)