provements in or relating to the Ignition of the Charge in Explosion, Oil, and like Engines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th May, 1897-Accepted, 7th Aug.. 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to the Ignition of the Charge in
Explosion, Oil, and like Engines.
I, EDWARD JOEL PENNINGTON of The Motor Mills, Coventry, in the County of
Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
7
This invention relates to the ignition of the charge in Explosion Engines,
particularly Oil Engines, and may be carried out in the following manner;---
In one form I secure upon the piston so as to reciprocate with it one or more
concentric tubes, conveniently two, with an annular space between them, the end
of the tubes being open so that the explosive charge when compressed by the
inward stroke of the piston is forced into the tube.
The outer tube, or if necessary both tubes, or more if more than two be employed,
is perforated near the piston or closed end so that during the explosion the heated
gases may freely penetrate to the interior of the tube and heat it so that it may
retain sufficient heat to explode the succeeding charge.
Instead of moving the ignition tube with the piston, it may be secured in the wall
or end of the cylinder, the effect being the same as before except that the tube does
not travel.
If preferred the ignition tube may be fixed in the end or cover of the cylinder,
and a hole may be formed in the piston so that the tube enters into the piston at
cach stroke, the hole in the piston being if desired bell-mouthed or tapered.
Instead of one or more tubes as previously described a similar though perhaps
not quite so efficient result may be obtained by employing a number of strips of
metal arranged if desired in the form of a brush, the heat of the explosion being
communicated to the strips, bristles or equivalent, and retained by them so as to
ignite the succeeding charge.
When using this improved igniting device the Engine may be started or even
usually worked by one of the ordinary ignition devices particularly an electric spark,
but when desired after the Engine is started the spark or other ignition device may
be removed or discontinued, and the Engine run with the internal igniter only,
thus saving the expense of special ignition and utilizing instead the internal heat
of the cylinder.
Dated this 8th day of August 1896

page_text: Improvements in or relating to the Ignition of the Charge in
Explosion, Oil, and like Engines.
I, EDWARD JOEL PENNINGTON, of The Motor Mills, Coventry, in the County of
Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to devices for igniting the charge in internal combustion
engines, its object being to provide in the interior of the cylinder an applianco
which after the engine has once been started by means of electrical or other
customary ignition apparatus, will enable such apparatus to be put out of use and
will effect subsequent ignitions without its aid. The internal igniter forming the
subject matter of the present invention is raised to and kept at the required
temperature by the heat occasioned by the explosions within the cylinder.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 shows in elevation partly broken away one form of the improved igniter,
of which
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, and
Figure 3 is an end view.
Figure 4 shows in elevation an igniter similar to that shown in Figures 1 to 3,
but omitting the central tube.
The same form is shown in Figure 5 in longitudinal section and in Figure 6 in
end view.
Figure 7 shows in elevation another construction of igniter according to this
invention in place in the cylinder of an engine.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
In the construction illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3 each tube C has a smaller
and concentric tube C¹ within it so as to increase the amount of the metallic surface
which alternately receives heat from the explosions and ignites the succeeding
explosive charge. Openings E are formed in the end of the tube C near the block
or closed end D and a screw D' projects from this block by means of which the
tube is secured in either the piston or the wall of the cylinder as desired.
In the form shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6 the tube is dispensed with, but the
openings E are retained; these openings in the several tubes facilitate the free
access of the heated gases to the interior of the tubes at the time of explosion and
ignition.
With reference to Figure 7, A is the cylinder with the usual compression space,
and B is the piston, which is shown at the inner end of its travel. Care tubes one
fixed to the piston B so as to reciprocate with it and the other fixed in the wall of
the cylinder A. The meeting ends of the two tubes which are open are bevelled as
shown so that they come as nearly as practicable into contact at the end of each
instroke of the piston.
The construction of igniter shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, or 4, 5, and 6, may be
employed in the arrangement illustrated in Figure 7, in which case the ends would
by preference be bevelled as in that figure, or they may be simply screwed into
the piston and used alone without any tube being fixed to the cylinder wall.
than two concentric tubes can be employed, and one, two or more of them may
have perforations such as E in their walls.
More
These igniters can be fixed to the piston so as to enter and leave (as the pistor
reciprocates) a cavity in the cylinder-cover; or the tube may be fixed to the

page_text: cylinder and enter a clearance space provided in the piston; which if desired can
have a bell-mouthed or tapered entrance.
Instead of tubes a number of strips of metal arranged in the form of a brush
may be used, the heat of the explosion being communicated to the strips or bristles
during the explosion and retained by them so as to ignite the succeeding charge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In an igniter for internal combustion engines the combination with a tube
inside the cylinder and moving with the piston or not of one or more other tubes
concentric with it substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. In an igniter for internal combustion engines the combination with a tube
or tubes such as described of one or more openings such as E for the purpose
described.
3. In an igniter for internal combustion engines the combination with the piston
of a tube secured to and moving with it and with the interior of the cylinder wall
or cover of another tube fixed to it, the two tubes approximately meeting at the
termination of the instroke of the piston.
4. In an igniter for internal combustion engines the combination with the piston
of a tube secured to and moving with it and with the interior of the cylinder wall
or cover of another tube fixed to it, the two tubes approximately meeting at the
termination of the instroke of the piston and the ends of the tubes being bevelled
or sloped to obtain a closer meeting of the tubes.
5. The complete igniting device for internal combustion engines substantially as
described and illustrated in Figures 1, and 2, or Figures 4 and 5, or Figure 7 of the
accompanying drawings.
6. An igniter for internal combustion engines consisting of a number of metal
strips or bristles placed inside the cylinder or combustion chamber substantially as
and for the purpose described.