Improvements in Electric Arc Lamps.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 12th May, 1900-Accepted, 23rd June, 1900
Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 12th May, 1900-Accepted, 23rd June, 1900
Improvements in Electric Arc Lamps.
AUGUST ECKSTEIN, Peel Works, Adelphi, Salford, Lancs., Electrical Engineer,
ARTHUR ERNEST ANGOLD, Peel Works, Adelphi, Salford, Lancs., Electrical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved construction of arc lamps, and is applic-
able more especially to that class of are lamps known as enclosed "and has for
its objects Istly the production of a lamp of mininum length, which shall not
much exceed that of the carbons: at the same time allowing the regulating
mechanism to be enclosed in a separate chamber, and also giving easy access to
the carbon holders. And 2ndly to arrange the inner globe so that sufficiently
air tight joints are maintained top and bottom. In carrying our invention into
effect we provide a stationary lower carbon, striking and feeding the upper one
with a suitable clutch. A spring clip or holder grips the end of the upper carbon,
and is fitted with suitable brush contacts which are electrically connected to the
frame of the lamp.
The lamp is built up on a central tube, inside which the upper carbon holder
can slide freely. The top of this tube is closed, and to the bottom is attached
the cap of the inner globe. This cap has a hole in it, through which the carbon
can freely pass. Just above the cap the tube is cut away on both sides making a
clear way for the clutch, and also allowing room to grip the upper carbon holder
with the fingers when re-carboning.
A
The upper carbon holder is made of a brass tube with an internal diameter to
suit the carbon. This tube is split down the centre, and the two pieces are loosely
held together by a short piece of tube slipped over them about half way.
loosely fitting pin passes through all three, holding them into position, and also
acting as a stop for the carbon. The upper ends of the half tubes are forced
apart by suitable springs, and the short tube acting as a fulcrum, the lower ends
are consequently forced together so that when the carbon is placed between them,
it is held firmly.
Light spring contacts are fixed to the half tubes and rub against the inside of
the central tube of the lamp, so as to place the carbon in electrical connection
therewith.
The strike and feed" is attained by means of the clutch, which is a suitably
shaped piece of steel surrounding the carbon. One end of this steel piece, is lifted
by the regulating mechanism and the other is depressed by a spring, until the
carbon is gripped & then lifted to strike the arc.
On the return movement the depressed end falls on to a stop and a further
fall of the other end, opens the clutch to feed the carbon. The ends of the clutch
project outside the central tube, and have links pivotted to them, both of which
pass upwards through the base of the lamp, one being mechanically connected
to the regulating mechanism, and the other to the depressing spring.

page_text: To prevent gases and dust rising into the mechanism chamber, the links are
only allowed a small clearance in the holes through the base.
Between the base (which is fastened just above the gaps in the central tube)
and the cover (which is fastened in the top of the tube) is a space in which a
suitable regulating mechanism is placed, and the whole is surrounded by a
weather proof tube.
On the underside of the base, are fixed two insulated blocks, in which are
pivotted the supporting rods for the inner globe. These rods are bridged across at
the bottom with a set of flat springs carrying a threaded boss, and a milled screw
concentric with the lamp.
The rods and springs can be swung to either side.
The method of carboning is as follows:-
The top carbon is passed through the cap and forced into its holder as before
described. The bottoni carbon is fitted in a detachable holder, suitably shaped to
engage with the milled screw before mentioned, and to fit against the bottom of
the globe. The globe is then held against its cap, and the bottom carbon and its
holder are brought up into position, at the same time forcing the top carbon up
the central tube.
The swing bridge is then swung underneath, and the milled screw tightened
up until sufficient pressure is exerted to hold all parts into position and maintain
close joints at top and bottom of the globe.
בד
AUGUST ECKSTEIN.
A. E. ANGOLD.
Improvements in Electric Arc Lamps.
We, AUGUST ECKSTEIN, Electrical Engineer, and ARTHUR ERNEST ANGOLD,
Electrical Engineer, both of Peel Works, Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
Our invention relates to an improved construction of are electric lamps, and is
especially applicable to that class of lamps generally known as enclosed" and
has for its objects, 1st.; the production of a lamp of minimum length which does
not appreciably exceed the length of the carbons, 2nd. That the regulating mechan-
ism may be enclosed in a separate chamber, giving easy access to the carbon
holders and 3rd. the arrangement of the inner globe, or encloser so that a sufficient
air tight joint is maintained at the top and bottom thereof.
In order that our invention may be clearly described, we have appended the
accompanying three sheets of drawings in which Figure 1, Sheet 1 is an elevation
of the lamp, with the cover shown in section and for clearness the front of the
spiral resistance coils removed. Figure 2, Sheet 2 is a plan view in section upon
the line A, B Figure 1. Figure 3, Sheet 3 is a sectional elevation showing the
regulating mechanism. Figure 4 upon the same sheet represents a sectional
elevation of the carbon holder, and Figure 5 is a sectional plan thereof. Figure 6
is a plan view of the clutch arrangement. Similar letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts in the several views.
In carrying our invention into effect we provide a stationary lower carbon N,
and arrange to strike the are, and feed the upper carbon P by means of a collar
clutch C. A spring clip or holder touches the upper carbon P and places it in
circuit with the frame of the lamp, and electrically connected thereto.

page_text: The lamp is built upon a central tube T, inside which. the upper carbon holder p
can slide freely. The top of the tube T is closed, and to the bottom is attached
the cap E supporting the inner globe F. This cap is provided with a hole
through which the positive carbon P may freely pass.. Just above the cap E the
tube T is cut away or slotted on each side at a al so that the collar clutch C may
be clear for connection with the rods or links 7, and also allowing sufficient
room for gripping the upper carbon holder p with the fingers when the carbons P
and N require to be replenished.
The upper carbon holder p shown more particularly by the elevation Figure 4,
and the plan view Figure 5, is made with a metal tube f with an internal diameter
to fit the carbon P. This tube is split or divided into segments at i, and its two
pieces are loosely held together by a short piece of tube g slipped over them, and
held by a loosely fitting pin h, passing through f and g, holding them into position
and also acting as a stop for the carbon P. The upper ends of the segments may
be forced apart by springs ss, the outer tube g. forming a fulcrum. Thus when
normally the lower ends of the segments of f are forced together the introduction
of the carbon P causes them to open and grip the carbon, against the stop of the
pin h. Spring brushes are used to afford the necessary electrical connection
between the carbon P and the tube T, which as aforesaid forms the foundation of,
and is connected to the frame of the lamp..
The regulating mechanism is shown by a series coil forming a solenoid R and
a shunt coil R, suitably connected to the circuit. The striking" of the are
and subsequent feeding of the upper carbon P depends upon the action of the
collar clutch C, which has two forked extensions passing through the slots or
openings in the central tube T shown by a Figures 1 and 3, and coupled to
links or levers 771, the link 7 being lifted by the series coil R drawing the core W
into it, against the counterweight X and dash pot Y. A pivotted lever U connects
the two cores W and W¼, respectively the series and shunt elements of the
regulating device. The link is controlled by a spring m in tension, and the
action of the lever U is to strike the arc upon the current passing through R,
by reason of the core W being drawn therein, raising the counterweight X and
withdrawing the core W from the shunt solenoid R₁, the dashpot Y preventing
the pumping action common to are electric lamps. As the resistance of the arc
increases by reason of the consumption of the carbons P and N, the shunt coil R¹
becomes balanced, and the core W is drawn into it, raising the lever U and
depressing the link /, which cants the collar clutch C against its grip upon the
carbon P by the tension of the spring m, and allows of the feed. The clutch C is a
simple collar, shown in plan by Figure 6 Sheet 3, the bore of which is larger
than the diameter of the carbon P. But when canted as shown by Figure 3
Sheet 3. in the position of striking the arc, the upper edge and opposite lower
edge of the bore forms the grip upon the carbon P.
In order to prevent dust, detritus and gases from getting into the mechanism,
we enclose the whole within a chamber or case G, and arrange the base H so that
mere free movement is allowed in the insertion of the links with the least
possible clearance.
The central tube T is supported by a cover J and suspension K, and the
terminals are attached thereto, and suitably insulated and connected to the
lamp circuit, and said tube T carries the base plate H, and projects beyond it
above the cap E as shown by Figure 1 Sheet 1 and Figure 3 Sheet 3.
Upon the underside of the base plate H two rods y, y¹ are pivetted upon two
insulated blocks, these rods carrying at the base a set of flat springs 7,
bridging them across as shown by Figure 1, Sheet 1. The "enclosed"
globe F is thus held in the cupped face of the cap E and the cupped base of the
or inner
lower carbon holder V and is closed by the action of the set screw so as to be
practically sealed against the external atmosphere, so far as its effect may concern
the rate of combustion of the carbon, The rods y y¹ may be swung upon either

page_text: side when the globe F or the carbons P, N, are required to be removed or
renewed.
In renewing the carbons the procedure is as follows: that is to say.
The top carbon P is passed through the cap E and forced into the spring holder 7
and pushed into its place. The carbon N is placed in the holder and gripped
by the screw o. The inner globe or "encloser" is pressed against the upper cap E
and the carbon N and its holder V is brought into position, and the upper carbon P
forced home. The spring bridge g supported by the rods yy is then swung under
the carbon holder V, and the milled screw tightens the globe F. The whole is
enclosed by an outer globe Z held by studs kk.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is: —
First. In an arc electric lamp, the arrangement and construction of a short
lamp, with a central tube connecting base and cover, in combination with a carbon
holder sliding within it controlled by a collar clutch, operated by suitable mechanism
with an opening below the base for replacing the carbons, substantially as herein
described and shown by the appended drawings.
Second. In an are electric lamp the construction and use of a sliding upper
carbon holder consisting in a segmental tube enclosed by an outer tube, with
springs, the tension of which causes the carbon to be held firmly, in combination
with a guide tube T connecting a base H to a cover J, substantially as herein
described with especial reference to Figures 4 and 5 of Sheet 3 hereto appended.
Third. In an are electric lamp of the "enclosed" type the combination of
swinging rods y y' upper cap E, spring bridge g with milled screw and carbon
holder and cap Vas and for the purposes herein described and shown by the
appended drawings.
Fourth. In an arc electric lamp the combination and arrangement of the several
parts substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth and shown by the
accompanying drawings.
~11
"
1000
FREDK. WALKER,
73, St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, London, E.,
Agent for the Applicants.