Improvements in Hydraulic Presses and Pumps for Mining Purposes.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Presses and Pumps for Mining Purposes.
We, ALFRED JOSEPH TONGE and JAMES TONGE, Junior, both of Chequerbent,
near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Mining Engineers, and ELAM EAVES,
of Norfolk Street, Derby, in the County of Derby, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say:
,,
In the production of presses or rams for mining purposes, particularly that
of "breaking-down' coal which has been previously undermined, we have
found it to be of the greatest importance that the transverse sectional areas of
the rams in said presses should be maintained as large as ever possible com-
pared with the diameter of the bar or cylinder, in which the series of said rams
is mounted to operate, and further that the traverse or distance through which
said rams are moved radially from their bar should also be maintained or pre-
pared to act to as great an extent as the sizes of the several parts will permit,
while at all times it is desirable that the pumping mechanism forming part
of the apparatus should be as well fitted for easy application as are the several
other parts belonging thereto.
In accordance with our invention we attain the object set forth by construct-
ing each ram in the series of a duplex formation, one portion of same operating
within the other which thus forms its cylinder while the bar forms the cylinder
for the whole series of rams.
In constructing the rams as described we form the outer ram to take over
the inner one, and we make this said outer ram to form the cylinder for the
inner one while by broadening the base of the inner one it works within the
cylinder formed in the bar. An opening is made through the inner ram 50
that the water may make its way to act between the two rams.
The leather or like packing rings are secured to the rams in such a manner
that space is afforded between the surfaces of these rams and those of the
cylinders against which the water presses to enable said water to act upon the
packing rings to cause them to form perfect joints.
Through the walls of the outer ram is made an opening which allows the
water to escape when said outer ram has reached the extent of its outward
movement while the inner ram is prevented from being forced out of its
cylinder by its rear end coming into contact with a plate surrounding and
overhanging said cylinder. This arrangement and formation of the two rams
enables us to keep the area of the outer upper ram as large as if only one of
such rams was used, while the pressure of the water which forces them radially
from the main cylinder is not entirely withstood by the plate retaining the
inner ram, since the pressure of water between the two rams counteracts to a
considerable extent that beneath the other ram.
We preferably follow such a construction of the rams above described that
those more nearly approaching the outer end of the cylinder are larger in area
in cross section than are those approaching the other end so that greater force

page_text: may be exerted upon the coal approaching its fixed side than there is approach-
ing its open face.
In the production of a pump to operate in conjunction with the above
described apparatus, we make use of the simplest form of plunger and valve
mechanism, but this we arrange so that the barrel in connection with it will
carry all the water that is required for the whole series of rams and after it
has been drawn and forced from this barrel to the series of rams, when these
latter have performed the functions desired of them the said water will flow
back into its barrel, appropriate valves and connections being employed for this
purpose.
The barrel of the pump is formed to have attachments or parts made integ
rally with it to fit into the mouth of the opening made in the face of the coal
into which the cylinder with its rams has been placed, as well as to fit against
the roof above such opening by which means no extra stands or supports for said
pump are required and greater freedom is allowed for the actions of the opera-
tive when working said pump.
In connection with the rams above described we form grooves or furrows either
in the bottoms of the rams or parts connected therewith or of their cylinders
to enable the water when under pressure to percolate or flow in the desired and
proper directions.
Datad bin 4th day of Law 1900
SAMUEL HEY,
Agent.
Improvements in Hydraulic Presses and Pumps for Mining Purposes.
We, ALFRED JOSEPH TONGE and JAMES TONGE, Junior, both of Chequerbent,
near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Mining Engineers, and ELAM EAVES,
of Norfolk Street, Derby, in the County of Derby, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment, that is to say:
"
-
In the production of presses or iams for mining purposes, particularly that
of "breaking down coal which has been previously undermined, we have
found it to be of the greatest importance that the transverse sectional areas of
the rams in said presses should be maintained as large as ever possible com-
pared with the diameter of the bar or cylinder, in which the series of said rams
is mounted to operate, and further that the traverse or distance through which
said rams are moved radially from their bar should also be maintained or pre-
pared to act to as great an extent as the sizes of the several parts will permit,
while at all times it is desirable that the pumping mechanism forming part
of the apparatus should be as well fitted for easy application as are the several
other parts belonging thereto.
To produce mechanism or apparatus that shall embody these advantages is
the object of our present invention, and in order that same may be readily
understood we have hereunto appended sheets of drawings illustrative thereof,
in which:
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a hydraulic press containing a series of rams made
in accordance with our invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional and elevation of parts shown by Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 2, but shows the rams in their extended
nositions

page_text: Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of our improved press with the rams removed.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of our improved pump and parts connected
therewith.
I
Fig. 6 is a sectional plan, taken on the line -y of parts shown by Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a side view partly in section of certain of the parts illustrated by
Figs. 5 and 6.
Fig. 8 is a sectional plan view illustrating the method of construction of
certain of the parts connected with the water cylinder or tank.
Similar letters and figures of reference indicate similar parts throughout the
several views.
We attain the object of our invention by constructing each ram in the series
of a duplex formation, one portion a of same operating within the other b
which thus forms its cylinder while the bar c forms the cylinder for the whole
series of outer rams b. By increasing the base a¹ of said ram a it works
within the cylinder e¹ formed in the bar c an opening d (shown in broken lines
Figs. 2 and 3) being made through the ram a so that the water may flow to act
between the two rams a and b.
The leather or like packing rings e, el are secured to the ram a by means of
the projecting screws f f¹ and nuts g g', so that ample space is afforded between
the surfaces of the rams a and b and those of the cylinders against which the
water presses to enable said water to act upon said packing rings e c¹ to cause
them to form perfect joints.
Through the walls of the outer ram ban opening 61 is made to allow the
water to escape when said outer ram 6 has reached the extent of its outward
movement as shown by Fig. 3, while the rama is prevented from being forced
out of its cylinder by its flange a¹ coming into contact with the plate sur-
rounding and overhanging said cylinder c¹ and secured to the bar c by nuts h¹.
This arrangement and formation of the rams a and b enables us to keep the
area of the outer upper ram bas large as if only one of such rams a or b was
used, and at the same time the pressure of the water which forces them radially
from the main cylinder e¹ is not entirely withstood by the plate h retaining the
inner ram a, since the pressure of water between the two rams counteracts to a
considerable extent that beneath the other ram.
We preferably follow such a construction of the rams a and b and cylinders c¹
that those more nearly approaching the outer end 2 are larger in area in cross
section than are those approaching the other end so that greater force may be
exerted upon the coal approaching its fixed side than there is approaching its
open side.
We form grooves or furrows in the bar e to enable the water to percolate
or flow from the supply pipe o connected with the pump to exert its pressure
on the rams a and b in the above described manner.
In the production of a pump to operate in conjunction with the above
described apparatus we make use of the simple form of plunger p and and valves pl
and p and these we connect by means of the pipe g¹ containing the valve q³ to
the barrel which is capable of holding a sufficient quantity of water to supply
all the rams a and b. When the requisite amount of water has been drawn
from the barrel q and forced through the pipe o into the cylinders to operate
the rams a and b said water may be allowed to flow back into the barrel q by
opening the valve o in the pipe o¹.
The lever for operating the plunger p is mounted in bearings r which are
movable along the upright bar or rods and which are clamped thereto by the
bolt and nut t¹.
The barrel of the pump p is attached to the part of the pipe o (which is
secured at its other end to the bar e by being screwed therein) by said part 03
being screwed over the flange u¹, or the outer part o³ may be integral with the
part and the flange ¹ formed on the pipe o.
It will be seen that by the barrel 9 being connected to the pipe o by means

page_text: of the bayonet joint and by the part o³ of the pipe being screwed over the
flange the pipes o and o¹ may be readily detached from the barrel q and pump
barrel u, so also can the lever r be detached from its bearings and the
plunger withdrawn from its barrel, hence the several parts of the apparatus
can be readily conveyed from one place to another and can also be easily fitted
together at any time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:
1. In hydraulic presses of the class described a series of duplex rams each
duplex ram in the series being formed so that the area for the pressure of
water against one ram shall approximate as nearly as possible that of the other
ram, while the pressure on the retaining plate on the main cylinder is relieved
by the counteracting pressure substantially as herein specified.
2. In hydraulic presses of the class described, a scries of rams, certain rams
of said series being arranged to operate within or on the outside of certain
others of same, openings being formed to enable the flow of the water to the
several parts substantially as herein specified.
3. In hydraulic presses of the class described, a series of rams arranged so
that those which approach the outer end of the bars in which they are mounted
are larger in diameter than are those approaching the other ends of said bars
as and for the purpose substantially as herein specified.
4. In hydraulic presses of the class described, a series of rams, a pump
arranged and formed to force water between said rams, and otherwise so as to
afford ready attachment to the cylinder in which the series of rams operate in
combination substantially as herein specified.
5. In hydraulic presses of the class described, a series of rams, a pump
arranged to operate in combination with said rams, said pump being formed so
that the water through which it transmits its pressure may circulate and be
returned by it substantially as herein specified.
6. Means or apparatus for use in " breaking down
coal or for like opera-
tions, the same being constructed and arranged to operate substantially as
herein specified.
Dated the 90th days of Cantambou 1900