IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT IRON TUBES
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME GREETING,
I, TIMOTHY KENRICK, of the Parish of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick,
Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fourth day of September, in the fifteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Timothy Kenrick, my exors, adñors, and assigns, Her especial license, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Timothy Kenrick, my
exors, adiñiors, and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves,
or by my and their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I,
the said Timothy Kenrick, my exors, adñors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term of fourteen years from the date thereof next and immediately
ensuing, should and lawfully might make use, exercise, and vend, within
that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England,
the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT IRON TUBES;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that I, the said Timothy
Kenrick, shall particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled

page_text: in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Timothy Kenrick, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention to consist in
enamelling and glazing the interior surfaces of such wrought iron tubes.
And I do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be
performed, by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
I
Before the application of the enamel the interior surface of the wrought iron
tube, to which the same is be applied, must be well cleaned, after which it
is fit for the application of the enamel, which is composed of two coatings.
First, a composition for the body, and, secondly, a composition for the glaze.
When the inside of the tube is cleaned I pour the first composition, which is
made in the manner herein-after mentioned, through the tube, turning it
round at the same time to ensure an even coating upon every part, and allow
it to set. The first composition is made as follows:-To one hundred pounds
of calcined flint ground into a fine powder, add seventy-five pounds of borax
ground fine, mix them well together, and then fuse them; when cooled take forty
pounds of the above and five pounds of potters' clay, and grind them together
in water, and bring them into such a consistence as that when any article is
dipped into it a coating of about one-sixteenth of an inch is left on it, forming the
first coating or body to support the glaze. When this first composition is set
pour the second composition or glaze powder, which is made in the manner
herein-after mentioned, through the tube, turning round it as before, so that
the powder may cover every part of the first coating. The second composition
or glaze powder is made as follows, namely:-Take one hundred pounds of
Cornish stone ground to a powder, one hundred and seventeen pounds of
borax ground fine, thirty-five pounds of soda ash, thirty-five pounds of salt-
petre, thirty-five pounds of sifted slacked lime, thirteen pounds of white sand,
fifty pounds of white glass pounded fine, let these materials be mixed well
together, and then perfectly vitrified; when cool let them be ground very fine
in water, and afterwards dried; then take fcrty-five pounds thereof, and one
pound of soda ash, mix them together well in hot water, stirring them well
when dry in a stove, and a fine powder will be produced. When the powder
has been poured through the tube, as before described, the tube must be put in
a stove at a temperature of about two hundred and twelve degrees of Fahren-
heit to dry it, after which the composition is fired by placing the tube in a
When the
kiln or muffle heated to a sufficient temperature to fuze the glaze.

page_text: glaze is fused, the tube may be withdrawn and examined, and if not perfect a
second coating of the glaze or second composition must be applied by pouring
the said second composition or glaze powder through the tube in manner
aforesaid whilst the tube is hot, and the tube be again replaced in the kiln
until the glaze is fused.
And whereas the interior surfaces of cast iron tubes have been heretofore
enamelled and glazed by the application of two coatings, one for the body and
the other for the glaze. Now I do hereby declare that I claim as my Invention
the enamelling and glazing in the manner herein-before mentioned of the
interior surfaces of wrought iron tubes only. And I further declare that the
exact proportions of the materials herein-before mentioned for the recipes for
the said two several coatings for the enamel and the glaze are not essential,
but may be varied. Nevertheless I consider such proportions to be the best
that can be employed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Timothy Kenrick, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of March, in the year of our Lord One
Enrolled the Second day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-two.