Year: 1897

page_text: I, JAMES WESLEY COLE, of Northampton, County of Hampshire, Massachusetts.
U.S.A., Clergyman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
In this invention each window sash is provide on its vertical edges with toothed
racks whilst in the window frame are fixed casings each carrying a spur wheel
to engage with the corresponding rack. The spur wheels are provided on one
side with ratchet teeth or projections with which normally engage locking pawls
so as to secure the spur wheels against rotation and lock the sashes in the desired
position. The pawls are operated to disengage the spur wheels by means of push
rods which are projected from the inner side of the window frame and through
the hollow hubs of the wheels and against the inner side of spring bars carrying
the pawls, one bar for each pawl. The operating ends of the push rods are carried
in plates or bushes fixed to the window frame and each having a notch in the
push rod aperture in which notch a stud on the push rod engages when the pawl
is in engagement with the corresponding wheel. Upon pressing the operating
end of the push rod, to release a pawl and allow a wheel to rotate actuated by a
rack, the stud on the push rod passes through the plate or bush and by slightly
turning the rod so that the stud may engage against the surface of the plate the
pawl is held in the released position.
Dated his 1111
100
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
I, JAMES WESLEY COLE, residing at Northampton, in the County of Hampshire,
and State of Massachusetts, U.S. America, Minister, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to improve the construction of locking mechanism
for window-sashes, especially to the end of more conveniently rendering the sash
locked in any desired position, to the end of counterbalancing the sash in a simple
and effectual manner, of insuring good working relations between the engaged
D... 031

page_text: part of the sash and the part of the locking device next thereto, and of generally
improving the devices; and to these ends the invention consists in constructions
and combinations of parts, all substantially as will hereinafter fully appear, and
be set forth in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in three sheets, in
which:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the window casing and the upper and lower sashes
with the sash-locking devices in their operating relations, the same being in part
broken away and in vertical section for greater clearness of illustration.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross section on a larger scale, taken on the line 22,
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the locking device.
Fig. 3 is cross-section in detail, taken on line 3ª 3ª, Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 is a view of the inside of a plate at the face of the casing, which will
hereinafter be referred to.
Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section on line 5, 5, Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but shewing the sash-lock as applied upon a
car-window,
Fig. 7 being a horizontal cross-section taken on the line 7, 7, Fig. 6.
Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all of the views.
Each sash A has thereon, at its vertical edges, the toothed bars or racks a,
while in the casing next to the rack-provided edge of the sash is a metallic casing
or carrier b, in which is mounted a spur-gear-wheel d, which engages the rack of
the sash. With this spur gear is combined means for locking it against rotation,
so that it serves, in its engagement with the rack, as a locking element for the
window.
The said carrier part 6 embodies a foot-plate 63 and an approximately semi-
circular casing 63, although the design of this part may be varied considerably
without detracting from its fitness to purpose. The gear-wheel is journaled for
rotation in this casing and has the tubular hub d, while its teeth at one side
project through the aperture 64 therefor in the foot-plate of the carrier to protrude
into engagement with the said rack.
The gear-wheel d comprises ratchet-teeth or shoulders f and has combined
therewith a locking-pawl 9, normally in engagement with the ratchet-wheel, and
a pawl-operating device whereby the pawl may be, at pleasure, disengaged from
the locking gear-wheel, thus leaving the sash free to be moved in conjunction
with the rotation of the wheel. The teeth or ratchet-like stops f, with which the
gear-wheel is provided, are as specifically shown, produced by perforations or
recesses within the face of gear d, each having its one boundary perpendicular, or
so angular to the face as to constitute the abutment side of ratchet, while the
opposite boundary is "backed off" as seen at f2, to constitute the slipping part of
the ratchet.
The pawl consists of the stud g, projected at right angles from the end of a
spring-bar h, which has its one end secured immovably upon the casing b, while
its free end, which carries the said stud, projects through a perforation in the
member of the carrier-casing which spans one side of such casing, which side
is, except as to the member, otherwise open.
The pawl is operated to disengage the ratchet-gear wheel by means of the push-
rod, which is projected from the inner side of the window-casing through a hole
suitably formed in the latter and through the hollow hub of the gear-wheel
against the inner side of the pawl-carrying spring bar h. At the inner side of the
window-casing and surrounding the knob-provided inner extremity of the said
pawl-operating rod j is a face-plate or bushing i in the form of an annulus, the
inner face of which is shewn in Fig. 4, this plate having next to the hole through
which the shank of the handle-knob protrudes the radial niche k, within which
normally lies the radial stud m of the knob-shank. The wood-work of the casing
has a countersink or enlargement x, over which said face-plate lies.
"

page_text: The reaction of the spring-pawl carrying bar / causes the rod and knob to be
so endwise moved that the stud m when in register will lie within the niche k of
the face-plate.
By forcing inwardly on the push-rod the stud-pawl is thrown out of engage-
ment with the ratchet of the gear-wheel, and upon such inward forcing of the rod,
by also giving the rod a rotational movement as the radial stud moves within the
countersink and out of line with the said niche k, the pawl is held, because of
the 'restraint of the inner side of the face-plate i, against said stud for any required
length of time, out of engagement with the ratchet gear-wheel, leaving both hands
free to slide the sash up or down.
As the ratchet-teeth are arranged in the sash-lock (shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6
at the left-hand side of the window) it will be clear that when the pawl g is in
engagement the window may not be moved down, although it may be forced
upwardly, the ratchets slipping past the pawl as the gear-wheel rotates There-
fore to lower the window when up the knob must be pushed in to carry the stud
clear of the abutment sides of the ratchets; but it will be furthermore noted that
the devices are duplicated at the other side of the window, particular notice being
taken that the ratchet-recesses in the gear-wheel have their shoulders and beveled
portions reversed from the arrangement seen at the left of the sash. While, as
before stated, the sash raised may not be lowered until the pawl at the left has
been disengaged, the sash on the other hand, when lowered, may not be raised,
except upon the disengagement of the pawl comprised in the devices at the right.
In Figs. 1, 2 and 3 a clock-spring is represented as surrounding the tubular hub
of the gear-wheel d, one end of this spring being secured to such gear-wheel,
while its other end is secured to the casing b. This spring serves to counter-
balance the weight of the sash. The gear-wheel d is shewn cup-shaped, within
which more or less of the thickness of the clock-spring may lie.
In Figs. 6 and 7 the clock-spring is omitted, as it may be, its provision being
not of necessity but of preference, as manifest.
Each sash has a rib-and-groove engagement with the window-casing for the
exclusion of dust, as seen at w. This is practically accomplished at the vertical
edges by providing out-standing ribs 10 on each rack-bar and by forming the
grooves 12 12 within the casing. Inasmuch as the foot or flange 6 of the gear-
carrier lies flush with the slide-face of the casing, the flush face of this plate
also receives such grooves.
In order that the sash with the ribbed rack-bar may be properly brought to
position and adjustment in relation to and combination with the gear-containing
locking mechanism, the rack-bar and sash are constructed thus: The sash has
the deep groove 15 in its vertical edge and a rabbeted seat 16 at its top and bottom.
The rack-bar lies within the said groove and has the lugs at its upper and lower
ends, which lie in said seats 16.
The rack-bar has near its ends the stems or long-studs o, with screw-threaded
extremities, which extend through transverse holes therefor in the sash. The
inner edge of the sash has the flanged bushing n set in the countersunk enlarge-
ment of each of the said holes for the stems o, with the cylindrical opening there-
within, which receives the annular peripherally-grooved nut p. The nut is
restrained from screw-threading outwardly off from the stem by the pin o², passed
through the bushing-casing and into the peripheral groove o³, while the nut has
the spanner-holes o4, whereby to turn it to adjust the rack-bar bodily toward and
from the grooved slideways of the casing within which the gear-included locking
mechanism is set.
In Sheet 3 of the drawings, in which a car-window and casing therefor are illus-
trated, the sash on being raised passes up into the hollow casing, which has the
contracted opening t just wide enough for the free movement of the sash, there
being the seats or shoulders uu at or near the level of the top edge of the closed
sash. The sash has at its top edge the strip of flexible and somewhat elastic
or reactive material, as felt or rubber, which in cross-section is of inverted-trough

page_text: shape. This strip v, as the window is closed, lies closely upon the shoulders or
ledges uu and effectually excludes dust at the top of the window.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination with the window-casing and the sash having a rack-bar
along its edge, of a gear-wheel rotatably mounted with the casing and meshing
into the rack-bar, and having a series of ratchet-teeth and a hollow hub, a pawl-
carrying bar having a spring-pressure to normally maintain its pawl in engagement
with the ratchet gear, and a rod playing within the window-casing and said hollow
hub which has a bearing against the pawl-carrying bar, substantially as described.
2. The combination with the rack-provided sash and the window-casing having
the rack engaging gear-wheel which is ratcheted, of a pawl-carrying member,
a rod mounted in the window-casing and having a sliding movement
to force the pawl-carrier for the disengagement of the pawl from the
ratchet gear, and a means for temporarily holding said rod in its inwardly-thrust
position for correspondingly temporarily leaving the gear-wheel free to be rotated
in either direction, substantially as described.
3. The combination with a rack for the sash, of the gear for the casing having
the ratchet-teeth, the pawl-carrying bar h, and pawl g, the thrust-rod provided
with the stud m, and the face-plate i, through which the extremity of the rod
protrudes and which overlies a recess, which is in a portion of the window-casing
and to which said plate is secured, and having the niche k, in its inner face,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 11th day of March 1898
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.