IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO- DUCTION OF BONNETS, CHILDREN'S HATS, AND SIMILAR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Crux, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Laceman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO-
DUCTION OF BONNETS, CHILDREN'S HATS, AND SIMILAR COVERINGS FOR THE
HEAD."
Sealed the 23rd March 1855, and dated the 28th September 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Crux at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th September 1854.
I, GEORGE CRUX, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Laceman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PRODUCTION OF BONNETS, CHILDREN'S HATS, AND SIMILAR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to bonnets, or similar coverings for the head, made of
woven fabrics, and consists,-
Firstly, in producing the outline of the article during the production of the
fabric. To this end I use a loom, so arranged as to manufacture a "quilted."
or "toilet" fabric, and I so regulate the movement of the threads that
the required shape is defined, ready to be cut out and made up.
Secondly, in a method of producing devices upon fabrics intended for
bonnets, &c., which are effected by hand stitching. To this end I employ a
loom as now used, for the production of "quiltings," toilet covers, &c., and

page_text: effect thereby the weaving of raised stripes and other devices; and in order to
obtain a smooth back to the fabric, I use three sets of warps, one of them
being employed for that purpose. These several points may be combined for
the production of one article.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Crux in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th March 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
CRUX, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Laceman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Crux, Her especial license that I, the said George Crux, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Crux, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO-
DUCTION 07 BONNETS, CHILDREN'S HATS, AND SIMILAR COVERINGS FOR THE
HEAD," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said George Crux,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the late of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Crux, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates to bonnets, children's hats, or similar coverings for the
head, made of woven fabrics, and consists,―
Firstly, in producing the outline of the article during the production of the
fabric, ready to be cut out and made up.

page_text: Secondly, in a method of producing devices upon fabrics intended for
bonnets, &c., which devices are now effected by hand stitching. In the accom-
panying Diagram, a, b, c, represent the outline of a bonnet which I weave
during the production of the cloth; for which purpose I employ a jacquard
or other suitable well-known machinery, proceeding in a similar manner to
that which would be followed if the said outline were an ornamental device,
and interweaving the threads so as to render the same clear and defined. The
outline d, e, f, Fig. 2, is also produced at the the same time, and is intended to
form the crown; the two shapes having been cut out, and the part a, c, united
to Fig. 2, the form of the bonnet will be completed, and may be trimmed in
the usual way. One outline only of the shape is shewn, but a number may
of course be woven side by side of the piece of cloth. According to the second
part of my improvements, I employ a loom as now used, for the production
of "quiltings," toilet covers, &c., and effect thereby the weaving of raised
stripes or other devices, such as are now commonly obtained by stitching
in thick threads. According to my Invention, however, a greater variety
of patterns may be produced than by the method ordinarily practised. An
example of this portion of my Invention is shewn at g, g, g, in the Figures
above referred to, but wavy or zig-zag lines or other devices may be adopted,
by altering the manipulation of the threads, as is well understood by competent
persons. The back of the cloth may also be varied, but to obtain it smooth
I employ three sets of warp, as practised in weaving the aforesaid fabrics for
other purposes.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I desire it to be understood that I claim as
secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent,-
Firstly, the production of outlines of the above-mentioned articles during
the weaving of the fabric of which they are composed.
Secondly, the production by weaving, for the above-mentioned purposes, of
quilted stripes or other such devices.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Crux, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
GEORGE CRUX. (L.S.)