other Plates and Projectiles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Aug., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 17th Aug., 1888
other Plates and Projectiles.
We RICHARD EDMUND SHILL of 37 Worlingham Road East Dulwich in the County
of Surrey Engineer and ARTHUR MARTIN of Stanley Villa Ealing Dean in the County
of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in hardening or chilling the face of Steel or
Iron Armour or other plates and projectiles and to the apparatus connected there-
with so as to give such armour or other plates and projectiles a hardened or chilled
face gratuated to any depth required with at the same time a soft backing of low
tenacity.
We
For carrying out our Invention for hardening or chilling the face of armour or other
plates we arrange a cellular structure or foundation (to contain water) of any size
and strength by casting the same cellular structure or foundation in steel iron or
other metals or by building the same up from steel iron or other metal plates and
casting with or upon or fixing to or causing to depend from the underside of the top
plate of the said cellular structure or foundation one or more metal radiators.
construct the said cellular structure or foundation with one or more inlets and outlets.
The Inlet or Inlets we connect by one or more pipes with a head of water or one or
more forcing pumps in order to keep up a flow of water into and through the said
cellular structure or foundation. The outlet or outlets we connect with one or more
discharge pipes which must either be of a smaller diameter than that of the inlet or
inlets or must be carried upwards or elevated so that the water may be in constant
contact with the under surface of the top plate of the said cellular structure or
foundation and after flowing into and through the said cellular structure or foundation
may be discharged under pressure.
The Armour or other plates to be cast are made from patterns and rammed up in
the usual way with or without top flask with sand or prepared material or composition
best suited for the purpose in view and are moulded on the top plate or surface of the
said cellular structure or foundation.

page_text: After the pattern is withdrawn and before the molten. metal is run (which we
prefer to be done slowly) into the mould we cause the water to flow or be forced from
the aforesaid head of water or forcing pump or pumps into and through the said
cellular structure or foundation, so as to keep the top plate or surface of same cool
and thus more effectually harden or chill the molten metal as it runs into the
mould.
The flow or forcing of water through the cellular structure or foundation is to
continue until such time as the mass of metal is cold enough to be removed or it may
be discontinued at any time during the cooling process.
Any compound or chemical composition which is suited to the purpose may be
used with great advantage on the top plate or surface of the said cellular structure or
foundation forming the base of the mould to promote the more rapid hardening or
chilling of the face of the molten metal as it is run into the mould, or the said top
plate or surface may be coated with a compound or chemical composition in order to
produce a graduated or inore gradual hardening or chilling of the mass of molten
metal when run into the mould.
In carrying out our invention for hardening or chilling projectiles we arrange a
cellular structure or foundation similar in principal to the aforesaid cellular structure
or foundation for hardening or chilling the face of armour or other plates but with the
following structural modifications, that is to say, the top plate or surface of the
cellular structure now under description is made with a series of holes into which are
inserted metal moulds or chills of the shape or form of the projectiles required, which
metal moulds or chills are made to depend from the said top plate or surface of the
said cellular structure or foundation down into the body of the same and are held in
position by a flange forming a joint upon such top plate or surface so that such metal
moulds or chills are in contact on their outer surface with the water flowing through
the said cellular structure to the height necessary for hardening or chilling the
projectiles to the extent required.
Dated this 25th day of August 1887

page_text: Improvements in Hardening or Chilling the Face of Armour or
other Plates and Projectiles.
We RICHARD EDMUND SHILL of 37 Worlingham Road East Dulwich in the
County of Surrey Engineer and ARTHUR MARTIN of 13 Gordon Road West, Ealing
in the County of Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declaro the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in hardening or chilling the face of Steel or
Iron Armour or other plates and projectiles and to the apparatus connected therewith
so as to give such armour or other plates and projectiles a hardened or chilled face
graduated to any depth required with at the same time a soft backing of low tenacity.
For carrying out our Invention for hardening or chilling the face of armour or
other plates we arrange a cellular structure or foundation (to contain water) of any
size and strength by casting the same cellular structure or foundation in steel iron or
other metals or by building the same up from steel iron or other metal plates and
casting with or upon or fixing to or causing to depend from the underside of the top
plate of the said cellular structure or foundation one or more metal radiators. We
construct the said cellular structure or foundation with one or more inlets and outlets.
The Inlet or Inlets we connect by one or more pipes with a head of water or one or
more forcing pumps in order to keep up a flow of water into and through the said
cellular structure or foundation. The outlet or outlets we connect with one or more
discharge pipes which must either be of a smaller diameter than that of the inlet or
inlets or must be carried upwards or elevated so that the water may be in constant
contact with the under surface of the top plate of the said cellular structure or foun-
dation and after flowing into and through the said cellular structure or foundation may
be discharged under pressure.
The Armour or other plates to be cast are made from patterns and rammed up in
the usual way with or without top flask with sand or prepared material or composition
best suited for the purpose in view and are moulded on the top plate or surface of the
said cellular structure or foundation.
After the patterns is withdrawn and before the molten metal is run (which we prefer
to be done slowly) into the mould we cause the water to flow or be forced from the
aforesaid head of water or forcing pump or pumps into and through the said cellular
structure or foundation so as to keep the top plate or surface of same cool and thus
more effectually harden or chill the molten metal as it runs into the mould.
The flow or forcing of water through the cellular structure or foundation is to con-
tinue until such time as the mass of metal is cold enough to be removed or it may be
discontinued at any time during the cooling process.
Any compound or chemical composition which is suited to the purpose may be used

page_text: with great advantage on the top plate or surface of the said cellular structure or foun-
dation forming the base of the mould to promote the more rapid hardening or chilling
of the face of the molten metal as it is run into the mould or the said top plate or
surface may be coated with a compound or chemical composition in order to produce a
graduated or more gradual hardening or chilling of the mass of molten metal when
run into the mould.
In carrying out our Invention for hardening or chilling projectiles we arrange a
cellular structure or foundation similar in principal to the aforesaid cellular structure
or foundation for hardening or chilling the face of armour or other plates but with the
following structural modifications that is to say the top plate or surface of the cellular
structure now under description is made with a series of holes into which are inserted
metal moulds or chills of the shape or form of the projectiles required which metal
moulds or chills are made to depend from the said top plate or surface of the said
cellular structure or foundation down into the body of the same and are held in posi-
tion by a flange forming a joint upon such top plate or surface so that such metal
moulds or chills are in contact on their outer surface with the water flowing through
the said cellular structure to the height necessary for hardening or chilling the
projectiles to the extent required.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunio annexed 2 Sheets of Drawings on which letters of reference
are marked on corresponding parts on all the Figs. alike.
Fig. 1. is a sectional elevation of apparatus, here shown as sunk or built
into the ground, and resting on a substantial foundation of concrete or other
suitable material.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the apparatus constructed according to this Invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same.
In Fig. 1. a is the concrete or other suitable foundation, 6 the cellular structure or
tank divided into compartments or cells by a wall or plate of any suitable metal d.
After the pattern of the plate is withdrawn from the moulding material f in the
casting box or frame 2, before the molten metal is run which should be done slowly
into the mould, water is caused to flow or be pumped into the cellular structure or
tank through the various inlets y so as to keep the top plate or surface of the same
cool thus more effectively hardening or chilling the molten metal as it "sets"
hardens in the mould. We may also spread over the top surface of the plate any
suitable compound or composition which would harden or chill the face of the
molten metal as it is run into its mould, either rapidly or gradually as
required.
or
g or
Perforated or plain radiating or cooling plates ; may be attached or fixed to the
underside of the top plate so as to hang with their faces towards the water inlets
at right angles thereto, the said plates being used for the purpose of conveying the
heat from the molten metal to the water, thus more effectually cooling the face of the
casting i.
In Figs. 2 and 3, a is the concrete or other suitable foundation to which the cellular
structure & herein before referred to is fixed in any approved manner, care the divisions
or cells formed by a wall or plate d of any suitable metal, e are the chilling moulds in
which the projectiles are cast, and which said chilling moulds rest on and depend from
the top cover of the cellular structure or tank b.
When the water is caused to enter the said cellular structure or tank by pumping or
otherwise, it impinges against the outside surface of the chilling moulds e thereby
gradually cooling the casting within the said moulds.
As the water becomes heated by reason of the castings within the moulds it is
discharged through a pipe h, more than one discharge pipe being used if necessary.
A portion of each division plate d is cut away so as to permit the water to flow from
one division or compartment e to another,

page_text: The water may be caused to flow through the said cellular structure or tank 6 until
the casting is sufficiently cold to he removed from its mould, or it may be removed at
any convenient time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is.
1st. The construction of a cellular apparatus or tank for the purpose of quickly or
gradually chilling or hardening, armour or other plates when being cast as herein
substantially described set forth and fully illustrated in the drawings annexed.
2nd. The construction of a cellular apparatus or tank for the purpose of chilling or
hardening projectiles, when being cast cither quickly or gradually as herein substan-
tially described, set forth and fully illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
3rd. The use of any chemical substance or composition for the purpose and in the
manner as herein substantially described.
1300