IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLE CARDING ENGINES WITH SELF-ACTING SPREADER FOR WOOL AND ALL KINDS or FinnoUS MATERIALS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Ludwig Klein and Gustav Hundt, of Werden on
the Ruhr (Germany), for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLE
CARDING ENGINES WITH SELF-ACTING SPREADER FOR WOOL AND ALL KINDS
or FinnoUS MATERIALS"
Sealed the 4th April 1879, and dated the 15th October 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Ludwig Klein and
Gustav Hundt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th
October 1878.
PETER LUDWIG KLEIN and GUSTAV HUNDT, both of Werden on the Ruhr
(Germany). "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLE CARDING ENGINES WITH SELF-ACTING
SPREADER FOR WOOL AND ALL KINDS OF FIBROUS MATERIALS."
The principal parts of the self-acting spreader of this improved double carding.
machine are an endless cloth, a grate, a cylinder revolving between the cloth and
grate, two cylinders fitted out wholly or partly with teeth and a box.
The raw material, thrown into the box falls on the endless cloth forming the
bottom of the box and is taken along by the cloth and the cylinder revolving
between grate and cloth, and guided towards the grate and the two cylinders
provided with teeth. One of the latter tears with its teeth the material, according to
the want, from the box to and between the grate-bars, transferring the odd upon the
other cylinder which gives it back to the stored up material in the box. The
material remaining in the teeth of the first cylinder is caught up by an ordinary clearer.
(stripper) and given into the carding engine for the purpose of further treatment. In
the first half of the double carding machine, which as a rough card may be provided.
with the ordinary saw-toothed opener, avant train, etc.; the raw material is.
carded by the main cylinder and the known Patent combs, Klein, or by the ordinary.
workers (self-strippers) and clearers (strippers) clothed with cards, is lifted by the
.

page_text: fly (fancy) upon the points of the main cylinder cards and finally combed into
those of the doffer.
The working process along the first main cylinder, as can be understood from the
above, is effected in the usual manner; but the second part of the engine or the
second main cylinder is provided with another improvement which, together with
the above-described self-acting spreader, makes the double card engine, constructed
in this way, fit to do more work.
The said improvement we are now going to describe.
The second main cylinder is placed near enough to the doffer of the first main
cylinder that they can work together, and below this doffer a clearer (stripper) is
placed near enough so as to work with the said doffer and with the cards of the
second main cylinder. The raw material combed by the first main cylinder into the
cards of its doffer, is now caught by the new clearer (stripper) working under the latter,
and led upon the second main cylinder which combs the material in and through
the cards of the doffer of the first main cylinder, using this doffer here like a
worker (self-stripper) which, on account of its large diameter, offers the same working
surface as two ordinary workers (self-strippers) together.
Our improvement consists in the application of a clearer (stripper) below the
doffer of the first main cylinder in a double carding engine, by means of which the
material is transferred from this one upon the second main cylinder which now
works it upon the doffer of the first main cylinder as if the latter were a worker
(self-stripper).
This second main cylinder having now combed the raw material in and through
the cards of the said doffer allows it to be taken up by a clearer (stripper) placed
above this doffer, which clearer (stripper) returns it to the second main cylinder.
The treatment by this latter is the ordinary one (as described above with regard to
the first main cylinder); the material is combed between the Patent combs, Klein,
or between the ordinary workers (self-strippers) and clearers (strippers), and finally
led into the cards of a second doffer where a vibrating comb takes it up in form of
a fleece.
In case the carding engine has three, four, or more main cylinders and doffers, a
new clearer (stripper) is placed under each of these doffers, thereby using these
latter in the above-described manner as doffer on one side and as worker (self-
stripper) on the other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Peter Ludwig Klein and Gustav Hundt in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th April 1879.
"
PETER LUDWIG KLEIN and GUSTAV HUNDT, of Werden on the Ruhr (Germany).
IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLE CARDING ENGINES WITH SELF-ACTING SPREADER FOR
WOOL AND ALL KINDS OF FIBROUS MATERIALS."
The improved double carding engine (Fig. I.) is arranged upon a frame made in
two parts A and A'. The one part A (being movable by means of the mechanism
B in order to give admittance for cleaning the cards) carries the self-acting spreader
or feeding apparatus C, the first main cylinder D with saw-toothed opener, the
ordinary workers and clearers, fancy roller and the first doffer E with the new
clearer Funder the said doffer; the second stationary part A' of the frame carries
the second main cylinder D¹ with workers and clearers, the fancy roller and second
doffer E¹, etc.

page_text: The frame A glides forward upon the rails a, when the mechanism B (formed of
spur wheels band b', the latter gearing in the rack a¹) is made to revolve.
The self-acting feeding apparatus C (Fig. I.) is composed of the box c, which
receives the wool, the travelling lattice d, the smooth feeding roller e, the picking
roller f, the draw-off roller g, the sheets (connecting these two rollers f & g and
forming between them a kind of grate or grid), the beater i, and the clearer k. The
raw material thrown into box c falls upon the travelling lattice d, which by aid of
the cylinder e conveys it within reach of the picking roller f. This roller (Fig II.
& III.) is divided over its whole length into rings by turned-in grooves, and these
rings are provided with teeth standing at intervals.. The roller g above the roller f
is formed by a number of discs g" pushed upon the shaft g': The disks can be smooth,
rough, toothed, or clothed with any material, their number being equal to that of
the rings of roller f. Upon the shaft are fitted in between the disks the pieces of
sheet metal h, the lower ends of which rest in the grooves forming the intervals of
rings upon roller f, thereby forming a kind of grid between the rollers f and g.
The roller while revolving takes up the material in form of flakes on account of
its teeth standing at intervals and carries it along through the grid h and under the
roller; this roller g having a greater circumferential speed than roller f tends to
stretch all flakes in the length, while passing between the rollers. The surplus of
material of more or less colierence is returned into the box c by roller g. The
roller i, arranged above and having again a somewhat greater circumferential speed,
removes the material clogging to roller g back into box c.
By the action of the foresaid rollers the whole mass of the material contained in
the box will be successively and continually lifted up from the bottom of the box
and thrown back towards the first side, so as to produce a regular circulation. The
material taken up by roller f is by means of the clearer / conveyed to the saw-
toothed opener (with beater m and dirt-pan n), wherefrom the clearer o takes it
off and carries it in the ordinary way upon the main cylinder D for further opera-
tion. The bent sheet p under the clearer avoids the falling down of any short
parts in the material and for long wool may be exchanged advantageously with a
sift. The material is now submitted to the well-known action of the main cylinder
and a series of carding rollers with their assistant clearers; it is then taken off the
first doffer E by means of the new clearer F, arranged beneath said doffer E,
and is led towards the second main cylinder D', whereby the turning over of the
wool is more completely effected than heretofore. The second main cylinder combs
it into and through the cards of the doffer E, being placed near enough to the said
main cylinder so as to work and to act on this point (x, Fig. I.). like a worker,
whereby on account of its large diameter the working surface is equal to that of
two ordinary workers. The new clearer F receives a to-and-fro motion by means
of the mechanism G composed of the following parts (Fig. I. & IV.) :-
--
The doffer shaft 1 carries the disk 2 with crank pin 3, guiding up and down
the connecting rod 5 and rack 6, united by the joint 4. The rack 6 is guided
vertically in dovetail groove 19¹, cut into the bearing 19, screwed to the frame A.
The up-and-down stroke of the rack imparts by means of the pinion 7 an alternative
rotary motion to the right and to the left to the pulley 9 keyed on shaft 8 of said
pinion. The ends 10 and 10¹ of a rope laid round the pulley 9 are connected with
the shaft of the clearer F, so that the rotary reversals of pulley 9 lead the clearer F
to and fro in the direction of its shaft, while it is revolving in the usual way. This
clearer F (Fig. IV.) is composed of the casing 11 and a hollow shaft 13, upon which
it is sliding by means of rings 12, one being arranged outside the other inside the
casing; the hollow shaft or pipe 13 (being so much longer than the clearer as the
to-and-fro stroke requires) rests in bearings 14 and gets motion by the pulley 15.
Two slots 16 of a length like that of the stroke are cut into the pipe 13 near one
of its ends. The screws 17 screwed in the rings 12 are passing through the slots
16 and enter the groove of a nut 18, sliding loosely therein lest the rotary motion
of the clearer with the rings 12 should be hindered. The revolving pipe 13, driven
by pulley 15, makes the rings 12, the screws 17 and casing 11 follow the revolutions;

page_text: while the nut 18 being connected with the ends 10 & 10' of the rope slung round
the reverting pulley 9, has a reciprocating rectilinear motion which by means of
the screws 17 entering the groove of nut 18, is imparted to the rings 12 and casing
11, the screws 17 being allowed to slide in the slots 16. The clearer F having the
length required by the to-and-fro stroke transports the wool on account of this
combined rotary and rectilinear motion from one side of the machine to the other,
and vice versa, so as to produce on one and the same carding engine a complete
crossing and adjusting of all the wool fibers, a result not known before in this
perfection and not nearly attained by laying the fleece produced in the first carding
machine in a cross direction upon the table of the second card, as is now much in
use. This process has the great inconvenience besides many others that the fibers
to be acted upon in a cross direction till stretched round, are much exposed to
breakages and tearing.
The decided advantages secured by our improvements may be stated to be the
following A far superior working capacity, easier and cheaper attendance, greater
regularity of work, economy of room and power, and perfect adjusting of all
inequalities in the wool fleece.
•
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the method for carrying
the same into practical effect, we would have it to be understood that we do not
confine ourselves to precise details so described, but that we claim,-
1.) The self-acting feeding apparatus for carding and other machines having a
creeping lattice to convey the material towards the rollers at one end, being connected
by plates of sheet iron forming a grid as herein-described and for the purpose
specified, and as represented by the accompanying Drawing.
2.) The combination of the first doffer of a double carding engine with a clearer
arranged beneath such doffer, so as to make the doffer act as a worker to the second
main cylinder, as herein-before set forth, and as represented by the accompanying
Drawing.
3.) The clearer between the first doffer and second main cylinder of a double
carding engine or between any other pair of cylinders having a combined rotary
and rectilinear reciprocating motion imparted to it by the combination of the hollow
slotted shaft, the rings of the casing of the clearer, with screws passing the slotted
shaft and entering the groove of a nut fixed to the ends of a rope laid round a
pulley, which by means of a crank pin on the doffer connecting rod, rack and pinion
receives a reverting motion, substantially as described in the foregoing Specification,
and as represented by the Drawing for the purpose of crossing the wool fibers upon
one and the same machine, substantially as set forth.
4.) The combination of the self-acting feeding apparatus and the reciprocating
clearer with the known single or double carding engine in order to form a new
improved double carding engine as herein-before set forth, and illustrated in the
Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said Peter Ludwig Klein and Gustav Hundt, have
hereunto set our hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.