An Improved Casement Window.
Year: 1894

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 8th day of May 1895, allowed,
under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of this
Specification.
Date of Application, 10th May, 1894-Accepted, 7th July, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
An Improved Casement Window.
I WILL JAMES of 72 Willes Road Kentish Town in the County of London
Stained Glass Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and y the following statement :-
The object of this invention is the construction of a casement window which can
(without sacrificing the advantage of rebates and other contrivances for making it
wind and water tight) be opened inwards and outwards so that while attaining the
convenience of opening outwards for ordinary use it can be opened inwards for the
purpose of cleaning repairing and otherwise.
I make the said casement window as follows:-
I make an iron frame of ordinary character to be fixed to the structure of the
building in the ordinary way and with a rebate on the exterior side (that is to say
the side facing the open air as distinct from the side facing the room) as shewn in
Fig. 5 in the drawings hereto annexed and marked "A." This frame is hereinafter
called the outer frame. I then make another iron frame (which is hereinafter
referred to as the inner frame) which fits into the outer frame and having rebates
on the interior side projecting on both the inner and the outer edges as shown in
Figure 5 of the said drawings and marked "B."
1 then make a glazed sash with an iron frame which will fit into the inner frame
and having a rebate on the exterior side projecting on the outer edge as shown in
Figure 5 of the said drawing and marked (.
The rebate of the outer frame must be of such depth that it will cover the
crevice or crack between the outer and inner frame when the inner frame is fitted
into the outer frame but must not be so deep that it will cover or overlap any part
of the glazed sash when the latter is fitted into the inner frame. The rebates of
the inner frame must be of such depth that they will respectively cover the crevices
or cracks between the outer frame and the inner frame when the inner frame is
fitted into the outer frame and between the inner frame and the glazed sash when
the glazed sash is fitted into the inner frame. The rebate of the glazed sash must
be of such depth that it will cover the crevice or crack between the inner frame
and the glazed sash when the latter is fitted into the inner frame but it must not
be so deep that it will cover or overlap any part of the outer frame.
I attach the inner frame to the outer frame on one side by hinges so that the
inner frame together with the glazed sash can be opened inwards on the hinges
and I construct on the other side of the inner frame a double action vertical bolt
which by turning a handle or a key shoots the bolt upwards and downwards into
two eyes or sockets projecting from the outer frame to receive the same. By this
means the inner frame can be fixed to the outer frame and left so fixed and when

page_text: so fixed the two practically form one frame or it (the inner frame) can at will
be unfastened and swung open inwards on the hinges bringing with it the glazed
sash.
I connect the glazed sash to the inner frame on one side by hinges and construct
and attach to the other side of the glazed sash and inner frame respectively an
ordinary fastening and catch by which the glazed sash can be fastened to the inner
frame or unfastened and allowed to swing open on its hinges at will.
With the whole casement constructed as above described the outer and inner
frames can be fastened together and the glazed sash can be opened outwards and
shut at will while on the other hand if and when desired the inner frame can be
unfastened from the outer frame and it together with the glazed sash opened
inwards.
It is of course necessary that the inner frame shall not fit the outer frame or the
glazed sash the inner frame so tightly as to prevent the one or the other swinging
open on its hinges.
I make the outer frame and the inner frame and also the frame of the glazed
sash of iron. It is not necessary that they should be made of iron. Any other
suitable metal or other suitable material will do. I place the hinges on which the
inner frame swings on one side of the same. It is not necessary that they should
be on any one side or on the side at all. They might be on the top or bottom. It
is not necessary that hinges should be employed at all. It is not necessary that
the particular fastenings which I have described to fix the inner frame to the outer
frame shall be employed. All that is necessary is that the inner frame shall be
capable of being removed inwards away from the outer frame and of being replaced
in the outer frame and secured there at will.
I place the hinges of the glazed sash on one side of the same. It is not necessary
that they should be on any one side or on the side at all they might be on the top
or the bottom. It is not necessary that hinges should be employed at all. It is
not necessary to use any particular kind of fastening. All that is necessary is that
the glazed sash shall be capable of being removed outwards away from the inner
frame shall be supported when so removed by some appliance or other and shall
be capable of being replaced in the inner frame at will."
The edges of the outer frame and the inner frame and also of the frame of the
glazed sash can be provided with sunken courses or other known devices rendering
them more watertight.
I make the glazed sash to open outwards and the inner frame to open inwards.
It is not necessary that this way should be adopted. The arrangement might be
reversed making the glazed sash to open inwards and the inner frame outwards.
In the drawings hereto annexed are several positions of the casement.
Figure 1 shows the casement shut.
Figure 2 shows the casement with the glazed sash open outwards.
Figure 3 shows the casement with the inner frame together with the glazed sash
open inwards.
Figure 4 shows the casement with the inner frame and also the glazed sash swung
on their hinges.
Figure 5 shows a section of the casement shut. From this figure will be seen
the arrangement of the rebates as above described.
In the said drawings A indicates the outer frame. B indicates the inner frame.
C indicates the glazed sash frame. E indicates eyes or sockets into which the
bolts of the inner frame fasten. Findicates the double action vertical bolt which
by turning a key in the lock G bolts into the eyes or sockets E. Hindicates an
ordinary fastening whereby the glazed sash is fastened when desired to the inner
frame. K indicates the hinges on which the inner frame swings. I indicates the
hinges on which the glazed sash swings. R indicates the rebates above described.
Z indicates spaces and sunken courses between the outer and the inner frames and
between the inner frame and the glazed sash.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A casement window having an outer fixed frame (in this Specification called the
outer frame) an inner moving frame (in this Specification called the inner frame) fitting
into the outer frame and capable (by being swung on hinges or otherwise) of being removed
inwards or outwards entirely out of the outer frame and replaced at will and a glazed
sash fitting into the inner frame and capable (by being swung on hinges or otherwise) of
being removed outwards or inwards according as the inner frame moves inwards or
outwards of the outer frame out of the inner frame and replaced at will all substantially
as above described and for the purposes above described. a second or moving frame in
the above referred to as the inner frame substantially as above described and for the
purposes above described.
2. The moving frame in the above referred to as the inner-frame-substantially
as above described and for the purposes-above-described.
1004
WILL JAMES.