IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES AND OTHER MACHINES OF THE LIKE NATURE FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bernoulli Barlow, of the City of Manchester,
Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES AND OTHER
MACHINES OF THE LIKE NATURE FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND
Sealed the 25th March 1856, and dated the 29th September 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th September 1855.
I, HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES-
AND OTHER MACHINES OF THE LIKE NATURE FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
These improvements are chiefly applicable to self-acting mules, but part of
them may be applied to hand mules and to machines for doubling. They
consist, first, in the application of a friction plate for giving motion to the parts
requisite.for backing-off.or-for-unwinding-the-yarn-off-the-spindles.
Secondly, in an improved mode of applying a friction box for giving motion
to the parts by which the carriage is moved towards the roller beam; this

page_text: friction box is brought into operation by a system of levers connected to the
cam shaft, and the object is to prevent the breaking of the toothed gearing
employed.
Thirdly, in the application of a lever in-combination with a chain and scroll,
by means whereof the various speeds are produced during the putting up of
the carriage. This lever is placed horizontally, and always turns round in the
same direction; when the carriage goes out the scroll winds up the chain, and
brings the lever back to the point for again putting up the carriage.
Fourthly, in constructing the radial arm in the shape of a tube with a slot
for the nut of the winding-on chain, and in placing the screw within the tube;
also in connecting the chain by which the radial arm is raised and lowered to
a scroll, by means whereof the radial arm is lowered at the proper speed for
producing the required shape of the cop.
Fifthly, in applying a spring of vulcanized india-rubber for re-winding the
winding-on chain on the barrel in the carriage of the mule.
Sixthly, in the application of two pieces of leather or other suitable material
to the winding-on click acting on a fixed friction plate for bringing the winding-
on click in or out of gear with the ratchet wheel during the going in and going
out of the carriage.
Seventhly, in connecting the copping motion to the faller and counter faller
shafts by means of a horizontal and vertical lever, thereby simplifying the
machinery for building the cops.
Eighthly, in the application of a weighted tumbler lever for moving the
strap guide, by which the driving strap is guided to the driving and loose
pulleys.
Ninthly, in the application of wire ropes for taking the carriage in and out
or to other parts of mules, where the same may be applied in place of chains,
cords, or bands.
4.
Tenthly, in dispensing with the carriage square, and in coupling the carriages
of double mules by means of a double bottom made of wood, thereby reducing
the weight of the carriage.
Eleventhly, in the general arrangement and combination of the parts forming
the improved self-acting mule.
Twelfthly, in the application of a screw combined with a rack for moving
the carriage in and out, the said screw being worked by two friction boxes or
wheels revolving at different velocities. The screw and the rack may each be
about half the length of the stretch, but the proportions in length may be
changed; two short screws may also be used instead of one.
And, lastly, in dispensing with the usual
parts for
stopping
')
the backing-off

page_text: of the spindles, and for putting up the carriage, and in employing instead a
ratchet wheel fixed on a shaft. This ratchet wheel acts upon two clicks
jointed in a loose box. This box is provided with two excentrics, which act on
the levers for stopping the spindles, and for putting up the carriage."
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 29th March 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me. the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, Her special license that I, the said
Henry Bernoulli Barlow, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES AND OTHER MACHINES OF THE LIKE
NATURE FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
being a communication from a foreigner abroad, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following Specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, in the several views of which similar parts are marked with similar
igures of reference (that is to say):-

page_text: The nature of the said Invention of improvements in mules and other
machines of the like nature for spinning and doubling cotton and other
fibrous materials consists, first, in the application of a friction plate instead
of a friction cone for giving motion to the parts requisite for backing-off or
for unwinding the yarn off the spindles.
Secondly, in an improved mode of applying a friction box for giving motion
to the parts by which the carriage is moved towards the roller beam.
Thirdly, in an improved arrangement of a lever in combination with a chain
and scroll by means whereof the varying speeds are produced during the putting
up of the carriage.
Fourthly, in an improved mode of constructing the radial arm, and in con-
necting the chain by which the radial arm is raised and lowered to a scroll,
which scroll imparts the requisite speed to the radial arm.
Fifthly, in an improved mode of applying a spring of vulcanized india-rubber
for re-winding the winding-on chain on the barrel.
Sixthly, in the application of a fixed friction plate for bringing the winding-
on click in or out of gear with the ratchet wheel during the going in and going
out of the carriage.
Seventhly, in an improved combination of parts for connecting the copping
motion to the faller and counter faller wires.
Eighthly, in the application of a weighted tumbler lever for moving the
strap guide, by which the driving strap is guided to the driving and loose
pulleys.
Ninthly, in the application of wire ropes for taking the carriage in and out,
and to other parts of mules and other machines of the like nature, where the
same may be applied in place of chains, cords, or bands.
Tenthly, in dispensing with the carriage square, and in an improved mode of
coupling the carriages of double mules.
Eleventhly, in the general arrangement and combination of the parts forming
the improved mule.
Twelfthly, in the application of a screw combined with a rack for moving the
carriage in and out, the said screw being worked by two friction boxes or
wheels revolving at different velocities.
And, lastly, in dispensing with the usual cam shaft and parts connected there-
with, and in substituting an improved apparatus by which the motions of the
machine are changed.
Figure 1 of the said Drawings is a side view of the mule headstock and
section of the carriage, through the line a, b, on Figure 4; Figure 2 is an
end elevation of the back of the headstock; Figure 3, an elevation of the

page_text: front of the headstock, in section, through the line c, d, in Figure 4, which
is a plan of the machine; Figure 5 is an elevation of the headstock, taken
from the front; Figure 6 is a front view of the carriage; Figure 7 is a
sectional elevation of the carriage; Figures 8 and 9, section and elevation
of the backing-off or unwinding catch box; Figures 10 and 11, section
and elevation of the winding-on catch box. These Drawings represent how
the first eleven of the before-mentioned improvements may be carried into
effect.
The framing consists of the two side frames 1, 1, which are secured to the
floor by screws or bolts through the feet in the ordinary manner. The frames
1, 1, are connected near the front of the headstock by the traverse 2, to which
the brackets 3 are fixed for supporting the radial arm 4. The stay rod 5 con-
nects the frames 1, 1, above the traverse 2, and the traverse 6 which is placed
near the centre of the headstock supports the bearing of the shaft 7. To this
shaft are fixed the pulley 8 and scroll 9, around which the chain 10 is wound;
the scroll 9 is moved in one direction or the other, according to the direction of
motion of the carriage 11. The scroll 9 receives its motion when the main
shaft 12 revolves for taking the carriage out by means of the bevel pinion 13
and wheel 14; this motion of the scroll 9 is communicated to the pulley 8,
around which passes the band or wire rope 15, one end of which after passing
over the guide pulleys 16 and 17 is attached to the carriage 11 at the point 18.
When the shaft 12 revolves for bringing the carriage in, the motion is com-
municated to the wire rope 15, the other end of which is attached at the
point 19 to the carriage, as will be explained hereafter. Upon the main
shaft 12 are the pulleys 20, 21, and 22; the pulleys 21 and 22 are loose, and
the driving pulley 20 is fast on the shaft; this pulley has a friction plate
attached to it, and the wheel 23, which is loose on the shaft, has a similar
plate 24 fixed to it; this plate can be pressed against the plate of the pulley 20,
which is covered with leather to increase the friction. This apparatus is for
backing-off or unwinding the yarn off the spindles. To the shaft 12 is also
fixed the worm 25, gearing into the counter wheel 26 and the twist pulley 27
and the pinion 28 for driving the drawing rollers. The motion is communi-
cated to the scroll 9 by the bevel wheel 14, driven by the pinion 13 fixed on
the shaft 29. This shaft is driven when the backing-off is completed by the
gearing marked 30, 31, and 32. The friction break 33 is supported on a stud
fixed in the traverse 6, and serves to check the momentum of the carriage when
it is going in; this is accomplished by the excentric 34 projecting from the
boss of the bevel wheel 14. The traverse 35 also serves to unite the frames
1, 1, and supports the bearing 36 of the bevel wheel 14, and the bearing 37 of

page_text: the shaft 29. The frames 1, 1, are also united by the beam 38, which forms a
continuation of the roller beams 39, and supports the bearing 40 of the shaft
41, which drives the front roller; the front stands 42 of the drawing rollers
are also fixed on the beam 38, and the brackets 43 for the carrier wheels 44,
gearing into the pinions 45, are also fixed to the beam 38 in the usual manner.
One of the brackets 43 supports the stud of the carriers 46, gearing into the
pinion 47 and wheel 48, by which the carriage is taken out.
The front roller
is driven by the bevel pinions 49, and the requisite motion is given to the back
roller by the carriers 46, above referred to. The motion of the bevel pinions
49 is also transmitted to the shaft 50, by means of the wheel 48, which is
loose on the shaft, and is furnished with a catch box, into which the sliding
box 51 gears.
When the catch box is in gear, the motion of the rollers 52
is communicated to the shaft 50 and to the drum 53 by which the carriage is
taken out. The putting in and out of gear of the catch boxes 51 and 55
is effected by the levers 54, 56, and 57. When the carriage arrives at the
end of the stretch it acts on the draw bar 58, which is jointed to the end of
the lever 54, and throws the catch boxes 51 and 55 out of gear, thereby
stopping the rollers and the carriage; the catch lever 59 drops into a notch
in the lever 54, and prevents the catch boxes going into gear when the pull
on the draw bar ceases. The bearing of the levers 54, 56, and 57 is connected
or cast to the beam 38; the brackets for the draw bar 58 and stop rod
60 are also attached to the same beam. 61 is a cross frame, connecting
the frames 1, 1, and supporting the following bearings:-The bearing of the
shaft 41 for driving the front rollers; the bearing of the main shaft 12;
the bearing of the shaft 62 for the backing-off motion; and the bearing of
the shaft 29 for the pinion 13; also the studs for the lever 63, for the
friction plate 24 of the backing-off motion; the stud for the carrier pinion 64,
gearing in the pinion 65, on the shaft 62 and the wheel 23; the stud of the
intermediate wheel 66 gearing into the pinion 28 on the main shaft 12, and
in the pinion 67 on the shaft 41. The cross frame 68 connects the frames 1, 1,
at the back of the headstock; to this frame is attached the bearing of the main
shaft 12, that of the shaft 62 for the backing-off motion, and that of the shaft
29, on which is the pinion 13; it also supports the stud of the cam motion 69
and that of the lever 70, the bearing of the counter wheel 26, and the bearing
71, which supports the levers, acting on the friction pulley 72, also the stad of
the guide pulley 73, over which the twist band passes. The shaft 74 is sup-
ported in bearings fixed to the frames 1, 1, at the front of the headstock; on
this shaft is fixed the drum 75, corresponding with and driven by the drum 53,
for taking out the carriage; the scroll 76 is also fixed on the shaft 74, and is

page_text: connected to the radial arm 4 by means of the chain 77. To the front of the
headstock is also fixed the stud of the guide pulley 17, over which passes the
wire rope 15 as it comes from the pulley 8 to be attached to the carriage at
the point 18. To the front of the headstock is also fixed the stud of the
lever 78, to which the draw bar 79, for acting on the cam motion, is attached.
This draw bar is supported by the brackets 80, 81, and 82; the bracket 80 is
attached to the frame 1, and the bracket 81 is cast to the said frame. The catch
lever 83 is acted upon by the lever 78, and serves to hold the carriage when
out; when the backing-off is completed, the lever 78 and catch lever 83 are
liberated, thereby setting the carriage free. The bearing of the draw bar 58,
for giving motion to the drawing rollers, is also fixed to the frame 1; this bar
is acted on by the carriage, which comes against the shoulder 84; the lever 59
drops on to the lever 54, thereby preventing the catch boxes 51 and 55 going
into gear until the carriage in going in presses against the lever 85, and dis-
engages the lever 59; 86, 86, are two brackets for supporting the shaft 87,
on which are fixed two excentrics 89, acting on the copping plate 88; these
excentrics are put in motion when the carriage goes out by the hook or click
90 acting on the star wheel 91. To the frame 1 is fixed the bracket 92, which
is furnished with a slide, on which the excentric 93 of the cam motion acts;
this excentric in rising and falling imparts motion to the lever 63 and friction
plate 24. To the frame 1 at the front of the headstock is fixed the stud of
the tightening pulley 94 and the bracket of the stop rod 60. At the back of
the headstock is a bracket for the shaft of the levers 95 and 96; these levers
are in connection with the counter 26, and the tumbler weight 97, which is
supported by the bearing 98.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CARRIAGE.
The carriage moves to and fro over the lower rail of the main frame, as
shewn best in Figure 1. 99 are the shafts of the drums 100, which drive the
spindles 101 in the usual manner. The wheel 102 is fast on the shaft 99, and
gears into the pinion 103 on the shaft 104; to this shaft is also fixed the
pulley 105, and the mechanism for depressing the fallers, as shewn in Figures
8 and 9. The drum 106 is loose on one of the shafts 99, and the ratchet
wheel 107 is fast to the same. The drum 106 has a click 108 jointed to it;
this click, when the drum revolves in the contrary direction to that communi-
cated to it when the carriage is going out, takes into the teeth of the ratchet
wheel, and when the carriage is going in gives motion to the spindles; this
mechanism is shewn in Figures 10 and 11. The carriage has a double bottom,
the one marked 109 reaches the whole length, and that marked 110 extends

page_text: only a short distance on each side of the headstock; to this second bottom
the brackets 111, 112, and 113 are attached. The bracket 111 supports the
bearing 114 of the shaft 99; the bracket 112 supports the bearings 115 and
116 of the shafts 99 and 104; and the bracket 113, the bearings 117 and 118
also of the shafts 99 and 104. The bracket 111 is prolonged upwards and
supports the stud of the double roller 119, over which the cords from the
rollers 75 and 53 pass to the tightening rollers 120. The twist band 121
reaches from the pulley 27 over the guide pulleys 122 to the pulley 94, then
over the pulley 105, and over the guide pulleys 123 and 124, back to the pulley
27; thus forming an endless cord for driving the spindles in the usual manner.
To the carriage are also fixed the bearings 125, to support the faller and counter
faller shafts, also the bearing of the lever 126, placed under the carriage and
supporting the bowl 127, which bears on the copping rail 88. The lever 126
is connected to the lever 128, thereby acting on the fallers; this lever 126 is
guided in the bracket 129, which also supports the hook 90 for acting on the
star wheel, by which the copping plate is raised. To the carriage is also fixed
the bracket, of which the hook 83 takes hold when the carriage is out, and the
brackets 18 and 19, to which the wire rope 15 is attached. The piece marked
130, also fixed to the carriage, serves to liberate the lever 131, which acts on
the friction box 72. The lever 59, which is pressed down by the faller shaft
132 when the carriage is in, throws into gear the catch boxes for starting the
drawing rollers 52, and for taking the carriage in again. The faller shaft and
counter faller shaft are marked 132 and 133. To the shaft 132 are attached
bent levers 134, and the shaft 133 is furnished with bent levers 135; these
parts are made and act in the usual manner. To the shaft 132 and at each
side of the headstock is fixed one of the levers 136, and each lever by means
of a chain 138 is acted upon by the lever 137, which is made heavy, and
serves to raise the faller wire into the position shewn in Figure 7. The small
chain 139 relieves the chain 138 from the weight of the lever 137, and the
weight 140 attached to the chain 138 serves to balance the faller and counter
faller shafts. The lever 137 is hooked in front, and drops into the bracket
141, thereby holding the carriage when out, and preventing vibration. The
tension of the yarn is regulated by the weights 143 and segments 142, fixed to
the counter faller shaft 133, as usual. The lever 144, fixed to the faller shaft
132, and the short lever 145 on the counter faller shaft 133, are connected by
the chain 147, passing under the pulley 146, thereby preventing the striking
of the faller wire against the yarn. The segment 148, also fixed to the faller
shaft 182, takes up the chain 149, which draws the segment down and brings
the faller wire into the proper position for backing-off.

page_text: The mode of operation is as follows:-A strap from the main shaft of the
room passes around the pulleys 20, 21, and 22; this strap is guided by the
strap guide 157. When the mule is standing still, the strap is on the loose
pulley 21 when the mule is at work and spinning, the strap is on the pulley
20, fast on the shaft 12; from this shaft the spindles are driven by the pulley
27 and cord 121, passing around the pulleys 124, 123, 105, 94, 122, and 73,
as before described. To the shaft 12 is fixed the pinion 28, which gives
motion to the pinion 67 by the carrier 66, from whence the motion is commu-
nicated to the drawing rollers by the bevel wheels 49, of which the pinion is
loose on the shaft 41 when the catch box is out of gear. To the front roller
52 is fixed a wheel 47, which, by the carriers 46, gives motion to the wheel
48, and by the catch box 51 to the shaft 50; to this shaft is fixed the drum
roller 119, and is
53, around which a coil is wound, which passes over the
made fast to the roller 120; a second cord is made fast to the drum 75, and
wound round and made fast to the drum 53; a third cord is attached to the
drum 75, and after passing over the second roller 119, is secured to the second
roller 120;
these rollers 120 are provided with tightening ratchet wheels of the
usual construction.
When the mule is at work, the catch boxes 51 and 55 are in gear, thereby
giving motion to the bevel wheels 49 and the drum 53 by means of the pinion
47, which gives motion to the shaft of the drum; the band 150 then causes
the carriage to move out at the same rate as the yarn is delivered by the draw-
ing rollers. This motion can be regulated by the change wheels 46, and the
speed of the rollers can also be regulated by the change wheels 44, in the
usual manner, and the volocity of the spindles can be varied by changing
the diameter of the twist pulley 27. The number of revolutions of the front
drawing roller is regulated by the number of teeth in the pinion 28. During
the going out of the carriage the.lever 59 is inactive, but when the carriage is
out, the piece 151 projecting from the bracket 111 comes against the piece 84
on the draw rod 58, and causes the notch in the lever 59 to catch on the lever
54, thereby holding the catch boxes 51 and 55 out of gear, and stopping the
drawing rollers and the carriage.
The spindles continue to revolve as long as the strap is on the fast pulley 20.
The moving of the strap is effected in the following manner-The counter 26
acts with the piece 152, which is fast on the shaft of the counter on the move-
able piece 153, which gives motion to the levers 95 and 96 (both of which are
on the same shaft), and link 154, which draws the tumbler weight 97 over
its centre of gravity; the stud projecting from the weight 97 then acts on the
projection 156 on the lever 155, thereby moving the strap which passes

page_text: through the strap guide 157, from the pulley 20 to the pulley 22. The move-
able piece 153 on the shaft of the counter, when it has performed its function,
falls over and allows the weight 97 to be brought back to its original position
when the carriage is coming in, the weight being brought back by the pin
158, attached to the carriage. When the carriage has arrived out, the requi-
site motions for spinning cease, and those for backing-off and winding-on are
brought into operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE MOTIONS WHICH ARE BROUGHT INTO OPERATION BEFORE
THE BACKING-OFF MOTION COMMENCES.
When the carriage arrives at the end of the stretch, the lever 128 which is
connected to the faller shaft 132 presses against the projection 159 of the
lever 78, thereby drawing the piece 160 of the draw bar 79 from the projec-
tion 162 of the cam 161, and allowing this cam to be pushed partly round by
the inclined lever 163 and spring 164; this inclined lever acts on the stud 165.
projecting from the face of the cam. The cam 161 has a projection 162 at
the back, which stops. the cam when it has performed three-fourths of a revo-
lution by the piece 160, attached to the draw bar, at the time that the draw
bar resumes its former position. On the circumference of the cam 161 are
two recesses, the fourth of a revolution apart, to allow the friction pulley 166,
which is covered with leather, to revolve without imparting motion to it. This
pulley 166 is fast to the shaft 62, and is driven from the pulley 22 by means
of the wheels 30 and 31. The action of the spring 164 on the lever 163
serves to move the cam 161 until it comes in contact with the pulley 166,
which then causes the same to perforin three-fourths of a revolution. When
the counter 26 has caused the weight 97 to fall over, the driving strap is
moved from the pulley 20 to the pulley 22, thereby putting in motion the
leather covered pulley 166, and at the same time the friction plate 24, by
means of the gearing 65, 64, and 23. The three-fourths of a revolution of the
cam 161 causes the said friction plate to be brought in contact with the plate
on the fast pulley 20, by means of the excentric 93 and lever 63. The wheel
23 with the friction plate 24 revolves in the contrary direction to the pulley
22, and causes the pulley 20 also to revolve in the contrary direction, thereby
giving to the spindles the requisite motion for backing off. This motion causes
the clicks 168, mounted on studs fixed on the disk 167, to gear into the ratchet
wheel 115, which is loose on the shaft 104, and imparts to the chain which is
attached to the segment 148 on the faller shaft, and to the arm 170 of the
ratchet wheel 115, the requisite motion for drawing down the faller wire.
The clicks 168 are raised out of gear with the ratchet wheel as soon as the

page_text: friction plate 24 ceases to be in contact with the pulley 20, and the shaft 12
begins to revolve in the proper direction for spinning.
When the faller wires are drawn down, the lever 128 is raised until it drops
into the notch 169 of the lever 126; the moment this takes place, the lever
78, acting on the draw bar 79 of the cam motion, is drawn back by the
vulcanized india-rubber spring 171, and causes the cam 161 to revolve one-
fourth of a revolution, by which the backing-off is stopped, and the friction
plate 24 released from the pulley 20. In order that the momentum of the
faller wire should not carry it too far, the lever 172 is applied; this lever acts
on the chain 149 during the backing-off motion, but the chain is immediately
liberated when the lever 128 drops into the notch 169 of the lever 126. This
action is produced by the lever 173, which is connected to the lever 78, and.
hook 83, which catches on the stud 174, and is raised off it as soon as the
backing-off is completed, and the carriage ready to go in. In addition to
releasing the friction plate 24, the cam 161, in revolving one-fourth of a
revolution, also puts into motion the parts for taking in the carriage, which
were partly brought into the required positions by the three-fourths of a
revolution previously performed by the said cam; during the last fourth of
a revolution the projection 175 comes against the lever 70, and liberates the
lever 131, in the manner before described.
DESCRIPTION OF THE GOING IN OF THE CARRIAGE.
The lever 70, having been acted upon during the fourth of a revolution of
the cam 161, as above mentioned, thereby liberates the lever 131, which is
raised by the vulcanized india-rubber spring 176, thereby pressing the friction
box 72 against the friction wheel 32 (loose on the shaft 29), which is driven
by geering from the main shaft 12, and gives motion to the pinion 13 on the
same shaft 29; this pinion drives the wheel 14, to which is attached a pro-
jecting arin or lever, and the chain 10 is connected at 178 to the scroll 9, and
at 177 to the lever projecting from the wheel 14; by this means the shaft 7
is turned round with the pulley 8, around which the wire rope 15 is wound,
and after passing over the guide pulley 16 and 17, is attached at the points
18 and 19 to the carriage, as before mentioned. During the going in of the
carriage, the chain 10 is unwound from the scroll 9, in the proportion
regulated by the motion of the wheel 14, the motion communicated to the
carriage being at first slow, then gradually increasing, and again decreasing.
When the carriage is going out, the wire rope 15 is wound in the contrary
direction around the pulley 8, thereby winding up the chain 10, and bringing
the wheel 14 into the position for again taking home the carriage; the shaft

page_text: 29 is then at liberty to revolve, because the friction box 72 is not in contact
with the friction wheel 32. During the going in of the carriage, the pin 130
presses down the lever 131, thereby liberating the friction box 72 from the
wheel 32, and causing the lever 70 to drop under the lever 131, by which
means the various parts are brought into the positions they occupied before
the going out of the carriage. As soon as the carriage has got in, the driving
strap must be moved on to the driving pulley 20; this is effected by the pin
158 acting upon the weight 97. The drawing rollers and the parts for taking
out the carriage must then be set into operation; this is effected by the
liberation of the lever 59, which is pressed down by the going in of the
carriage, and the lever 54, which is acted upon by the spring 179. The cord
150 of the drum 75 is unwound during the going in of the carriage,
and the other cord 150 is wound up at the same time, by which means this
machinery is brought into the proper position for the succeeding stretch.
The motions during the going in of the carriage have no reference to the
machinery for winding the yarn on the spindles, which is effected in the fol
lowing manner-
DESCRIPTION OF THE MACHINERY FOR WINDING THE YARN ON THE
SPINDLES AND SHAPING THE COP.
On the prolongation of the shaft 99 is the loose drum 106 with the catch
108 (see Figures 10 and 11), which is acted upon by the spring covered with
leather and the fast disk 180; the catch 108 during the going in of the
carriage takes into the ratchet wheel 107, and moves the shaft 99 in the
direction of the drum 106. To this drum is fixed one end of the winding-on
chain 181, which is wound up and unwound during the going out and in
of the carriage in the usual manner. The cord 183 is fast at one end to
the same drum, and at the other to the vulcanized india-rubber spring 182
(attached to the carriage), by the elasticity of which the drum 106 is made
to revolve for winding up the chain 181. The other end of the winding-on
chain 181 is attached to the piece 184 of the radial arm, the piece 184
serving as nut for the screw 185, which nut can be screwed nearer to or
further from the fulcrum of the radial arm by the spinner. At the other side
of the radial arm is attached the chain 77, the other end of which is fast to
the scroll 76; this chain is wound on the scroll when the carriage is out, and
unwinds itself as the carriage goes in by the pull of the winding-on chain 181.
By means of the three cords 150, the drums 53 and 75 are connected
together, and with the scroll 76, the length of chain let off during the going in
of the carriage depending upon the shape of the scroll 76; this scroll, there-

page_text: on the weight, but when it is hooked into either of the outer notches, the
weight is raised in order to stop the mule. When the weight is in the position
shewn, the stop rod must be hooked into the outer notch, but when the
weight is in the contrary direction the stop rod must be hooked on to the
inner notch.
DESCRIPTION OF THE MULE SHEWN ON SHEET 3, REPRESENTING HOW THE TWO
LAST IMPROVEMENTS BEFORE REFERRED TO MAY BE CONSTRUCTED.
Figure 12 is a sectional elevation of the machine, taken through the line
x, y, of Figure 13, which is an elevation of the back of the machine;
Figure 14, elevation of the improved cam motion; Figure 15, plan of the
same. On the main shaft 12 are the pulleys 20, 21, and 22, similar to those
described in the machine shewn on Sheets 1 and 2. The pulley 190 is cast
with the pulley 22, and the pulley 191 is fast on the shaft 12; these two
pulleys give motion by straps to the friction boxes 192 and 193, which are
loose on the screw shaft 194; gearing may be employed for giving motion to
the friction boxes 192 and 193, and instead of these friction boxes, friction
disks or catch boxes may be used. The friction box 193 serves to take the
carriage out, and the friction box 192 to bring it in; this friction box 192 is
acted upon by the elbow levers 195 and upright lever 196, and the friction
box 193 is acted upon by the levers 197, 198, 199, and 200, which are also
in communication with the front drawing roller 52. The motions. for taking
out the carriage and starting the rollers are simultaneous.
The screw 201 is fast on the shaft 194 of the friction boxes 192 and 193;
this screw gears into the teeth of the rack 202, which is fixed to the carriage
and gives motion to it. In order to prevent shocks when the carriage is
taken out or brought home, the breaks 203 and 204 are applied to the screw
shaft 194, which breaks absorb the momentum of the shaft, and arrests its
motion at the proper time. The stud 212 fixed to the carriage acts on the
levers 213 and 214 in going out and in, thereby raising the breaks 215
and 216, and pressing them against the break pulleys 203 and 204; the
worm 205, which is also fast on the shaft 194, gears into the worm wheel
206, to the shaft of which is fixed the scroll 76 of the radial arm 4, described
in the machine shewn on Sheets 1 and 2; by this means the machinery for
taking the carriage in and out is combined with the other parts of the
machine. The cam motion, or apparatus for changing the motion of the
machine, which is nearly in the same position as that before described, is on
the shaft 62; the ratchet wheel 207 is fast on the said shaft; the disk 208 is
loose on the shaft, and to it is fixed the stud 209, which acts against the lever

page_text: 196, for putting into gear the friction box 192 for. bringing in the carriage.
The two catches 210 which are shewn in gear in Figures 14 and 15, are
jointed to studs fixed on the disk 208; they are put out of gear by the catch
lever 211, which is moved to one side by the bar 79. The action of drawing
the bars 58 and 79 is the same as in the machine before described. The
other parts of the machine are the same as in the one shown in Sheets 1
and 2. The screw 201 and rack 202 are each shewn about half the length of
the stretch of the carriage, but the proportion of their lengths may be changed;
it may also be advantageous in some cases to make use of two 'short screws
instead of one longer one, as shewn.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, as communicated to
me, and the manner of perforining the same, I wish it to be understood that,
excepting as herein-after particularly stated, I make no claim to any of the
well-known parts of the machine, which are only shewn and described to
illustrate the application of this Invention; but what I do claim is,―
First, the application of the friction plate, marked 24, for giving motion to
the parts requisite for backing-off.
:
Secondly, the friction box, marked 72, and parts acting in combination
therewith, for giving motion to the carriage when.coming in.
Thirdly, the improved combination of the wheel 14, lever 177, chain 18,
and scroll 9, by means whereof the varying speeds are produced for putting up
the carriage.
Fourthly, the improved mode of constructing the radial arm, marked 4, and
the scroll 76, when used for lowering and raising the radial arms of mules or
other machines of the like nature.
Fifthly, the spring of vulcanized india-rubber, marked 182 in Figure 4, when
attached to the carriage and used for re-winding the winding-on chain on the
barrel.
Sixthly, the improved arrangement of parts for bringing the winding-on
click in or out of gear, as shewn and described in reference to Figures 10
and 11.
Seventhly, the improved arrangement of parts for connecting the copping
motion to the faller and counter faller shafts, consisting of the levers 126 and
128, and pieces in combination therewith.
Eighthly, the weighted tumbler lever 97, and parts in combination therewith,
for moving the driving strap from one pulley to another.
Ninthly, the application of wire ropes as substitutes for the cords, chains,
bands, or straps, hitherto employed in mules and other machines of the like
nature.

page_text: Tenthly, the improved mode of constructing the carriage shewn and described,
whereby the square is dispensed with.
Eleventhly, the general arrangement and combination of parts constituting
the improved mule, shewn in reference to Figures 1 to 6.
Twelfthly, the combination of a screw or screws and a rack for moving
the carriage in and out, as shewn and described in reference to Figures 12
and 13.
And, lastly, the arrangement of parts shewn and described in reference
to Figures 14 and 15, by which the motions of the machine are changed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
H. B. BARLOW. (L.S.)