Improvements in Instruments or Apparatus for Graphically Recording Variations in Barometrical Pressures.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 29th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 1st Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Instruments or Apparatus for Graphically Recording
Variations in Barometrical Pressures.
1, JOSEPH BARTLETT of 77 Myddelton Street, Clerkenwell, London Manu-
facturer of Philosophic and Scientific Instruments, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to instruments (of the character known as "barographs")
or apparatus for recording the variations of the barometer by marking on a chart
or surface which is caused to move by a chronometer or suitable clock and my
present invention has for its object to simplify and improve the arrangement
and construction of such instruments-more especially with the object of rendering
same portable and unaffected either by moving about or when placed out of level
and a further object is to automatically graphically record variations of baro-
metrical pressures on a flat surface the whole of which is or may be made visible
instead of recording such changes etc. on a drum or cylindrically arranged surface
as heretofore usual.
My present invention is as follows:-
On a suitable platform or stand 1 arrange and mount side by side the clock-face
and the barometer-face and between them the chart or surface to receive the
markings from an arm operated by the barometer-all these three discs or faces
being vertically disposed and closely adjacent side by side.
Any suitable chronometer or clockwork movement (advantageously with an
escapement such as in a watch-though a pendulum might be used in some cases
for instance with instruments for use in a permanently fixed position) records the
time of day and from some suitable working part of such clock-work by means of
a train of wheels or otherwise motion is imparted to the middle said disc that is to
a suitable frame or holder carrying the chart or surface to be marked as hereinafter
explained.
This holding disc for said chart etc. is mounted on a horizontal axle carried in a
suitable bearing and has a turned over front edge or removable clips or catches
thereon or a combination of both or other equivalent or suitable means to affix and
carry round the said chart etc. in a vertical plane or if desired the chart or
equivalent may be formed and arranged to be mounted direct on the horizontal
axle and be revolved thereby for instance by having a square central hole or
boss to fit on a square axle and either with or without a permanent disc or back
behind same to keep same in correct position and bear the pressure of the marking
appliance.
Thus the chart or surface to receive the record is caused to very slowly travel
round in a vertical plane like the hand of the clock and at a certain rate of progress
exactly according to the clock.
On the side of the chart opposite to the clock is situated the barometer and
parts in connection therewith.
The vacuum boxes (of any well-known form as used in aneroids or metallic
barometers or of other suitable form) or equivalents-are arranged in a suitable
compact form motion being imparted thereby and therefrom to a connecting rod in
any well known or suitable manner.
This motion I utilise in the following manner and by the following means :—
Assuming the vacuum boxes are arranged to act vertically on said connecting
rod-such rod is jointed to a lever having its fulcrum or bearing on a horizontal
bar carried in a vertical frame or between two posts.

page_text: At the other end of this lever same is adjustably connected first to a crank arm
ou a shaft carried in suitable supports and secondly is separately connected (with
means for adjustment introduced in such connection) to a downwardly projecting
rod which latter imparts motion to a rocking lever which again in its turn imparts
motion in the usual or any suitable way to the axis carrying the barometer needle
or indicator arm which is thereby caused to move over the barometer face according
as a rise or fall occurs in barometrical pressure.
The usual or any suitable means of delicate adjustment of the parts may be
introduced at any suitable point or points between the vacuum boxes and the
needle.
The aforesaid crank shaft carries also a long arm adjustably fixed thereto at
one end the other end of this arm extending (and being bent or shaped to suit the
purpose) just behind the barometer-face and then forwardly in front of the middle
face (ie. the disc or equivalent carrying the chart etc.).
This arm towards this free end carries a pen or other suitable marking appliance
which is kept in due contact with the surface of the chart etc. and for this purpose
the said arm may be made of a suitable spring material and also made capable
of lateral adjustment i.e. towards and away from the chart.
Thus the outer or free end of this arm is raised or lowered as the vacuum boxes
impart motion one way or the other to the said crank and crank shaft (through the
aforesaid connections) and it will therefore be readily understood that as the
chart etc. is revolved (as herein before described) against the marking appliance
carried in said arm thereby a line is drawn on said chart which will be an exact
circle if no rise or fall of the atmospheric or barometric pressure occurs during the
period of a complete revolution of said chart etc. (which period may be a week or
other period) while any such rise or fall will be accurately recorded by causing a
corresponding deviation in the line marked.
The instrument may be made to work with the three said vertical faces arranged
in a triangle or one above the other (instead of side by side) or in other suitable
manner as desired.
By the aforesaid three separate means of adjustment thereby I am enabled to
separately and independently adjust (1) the needle or index hand on the barometer-
face (2) the position of the free end of the arm carrying the marking appliance
i.e. adjust same parallel to the plane of the chart and (3) the said free end towards
and away from said chart i.e. adjust the pressure of the said marking appliance on
said chart.
If desired-my present improvements may be adapted to mark a chart or
surface arranged mounted and operating in other than a flat form or plane as
described.
Dated this 29th day of January 1801
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Instruments or Apparatus for Graphically Recording
Variations in Barometrical Pressures.
I, JOSEPH BARTLETT of 77 Myddelton Street, Clerkenwell, London, Manu-
facturer of Philosophic and Scientific Instruments, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to instruments (of the character known as "barographs")
or apparatus for recording the variations of the barometer by marking on a chart
or surface which is caused to move by a chronometer or suitable clock and my

page_text: present invention has for its object to simplify and improve the arrangement and
construction of such instruments-more especially with the object of rendering
same portable and unaffected either by moving about or when placed out of level
and a further object is to automatically graphically record variations of baro-
metrical pressures on
a flat surface the whole of which is or may be made
visible instead of recording such changes etc. on
a drum or cylindrically
arranged surface as heretofore usual, and at same time and from the same
aneroid mechanism or vacuum boxes operate an ordinary aneroid needle over the
usual dial.
My present invention is as follows:-
On a suitable platform or stand I arrange and mount side by side the clock-face
and the barometer-face and between them the chart or surface to receive the
markings from an arm operated by the barometer-all these three discs or faces
being vertically disposed and closely adjacent side by side.
Any suitable chronometer or clockwork movement (advantageously with an
escapement such as in a watch-though a pendulum might be used in some cases
for instance with instruments for use in a permanently fixed position) records the
time of day and from some suitable working part of such clockwork by means of a
train of wheels or otherwise motion is imparted to the middle said disc that is to a
suitable frame or bolder carrying the chart or surface to be marked as hereinafter
explained.
This holding disc for said chart etc. is mounted on a horizontal axle carried in a
suitable bearing and has a turned over front edge or removable clips or catches
thereon or a combination of both or other equivalent or suitable means to affix and
carry round the said chart etc. in a vertical plane or if desired the chart or
equivalent may be formed and arranged to be mounted direct on the horizontal
axle and be revolved thereby for instance by, having a square central hole or boss
to fit on a square axle and either with or without a permanent (or it may be
a removable) disc or back behind same to keep same in correct position and bear
the pressure of the marking appliance.
Thus the chart or surface to receive the record is caused to very slowly travel
round in a vertical plane like the hand of the clock and at a certain rate of progress
exactly according to the clock.
On the side of the chart opposite to the clock is situated the aneroid mechanism
and parts in connection therewith.
The vacuum boxes (of any well known form as used in aneroids or metallic
barometers or of other suitable form) or equivalent-are arranged in a suitable
compact form motion being imparted thereby and therefrom to a connecting rod in
any well known or suitable manner.
This motion I utilise in the following manner and by the following means :-
Assuming the vacuum boxes are arranged to act vertically ou said connecting
rod-such rod is jointed to a lever having its fulcrum or bearing on a horizontal
bar carried in a vertical frame or between two posts.
At the other end of this lever same is adjustably connected first to a crank
arm on a shaft carried in suitable supports and secondly is separately connected
(with means for adjustment introduced in such connection) to a downwardly pro-
jecting rod which latter imparts motion to a rocking lever which again in its
turn imparts motion in the usual or any suitable way to the axis carrying the
barometer needle or indicator arm which is thereby caused to move over the
barometer-face according as a rise or fall occurs in barometrical pressure.
The usual or any suitable means of delicate adjustment of the parts may be
introduced at any suitable point or points between the vacuum boxes and the
needle.
The aforesaid crank shaft carries also a long arm adjustably fixed thereto at one
5 end the other end of this arm extending (and being bent or shaped to suit the
purpose) just behind the barometer-face and then forwardly in front of the middle
face (ie. the disc or equivalent carrying the chart etc.).

page_text: Fig. 2 is a view of the opposite side of Fig. 1 with the back of the case
removed thus showing the interior of the case and mechanism therein in elevation.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the mechanism (the case being shown in part sectional plan)
i.e. on line 1-1 Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the interior mechanism i.e. a view on line 2-2
Figs. 2 and 3 looking in the direction of the arrow z.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.
A is clock of any suitable construction.
B. B are train of wheels operated by said clockworks and the last one B¹ of
which train of wheels gears with the gear wheel C¹ carried on the axle C which
latter is mounted in the bearing D and fixed to the platform E also the frame
carrying the clock A and said train of wheels is mounted on said platforın E.
EE are supports on which rest said platform E the latter thus carrying the
whole of the interior mechanism.
Fis circular disc or frame (firmly fixed or connected to the said gear wheel C¹)
to receive and hold on the front thereof in any suitable manner a chart G or other
sheet of paper or other suitable material.
The train of wheels B B are suitably geared down or arranged so as only to very
very slowly rotate the disc F and chart G thereon in a vertical plane for instance
in the case of a chart as illustrated in Fig. 1 same only requires to be caused by
the clock to make one complete revolution in a week at a uniform rate pro-
portionate to the time shown by the clock A which for this purpose should be a
very reliable and accurate time-keeper.
H is the hand or arm projecting (as shown in Figs. 1 and 2) over the front of the
chart G against which latter it is normally kept pressed (by spring or other
suitable pressure as hereinafter explained) sufficiently to cause a mark or line
thereon (from a pencil or other marker H₁ carried thereon) as the chart is revolved
against it.
I is bent lever or crank mounted in the case and at its upper end terminating
in a knob or milled head J whereby to rotate same and at its bent lower end

page_text: engages with the aforesaid spring arm H so as to force same away from and
out of contact with the chart G when desired-at which time the pointer or
needle K of the aneroid L will continue to operate alone and show barometrical
variations on the face L without any marking or graphical record taking place on
the chart G.
M is the case, and M¹ the back thereof which may advantageously be entirely
removable so as to afford ready access to the interior mechanism to permit removal
thereof or otherwise as desired.
Also I may advantageously form a hinged door or cover of or in the end M'
so as to afford ready access to the parts of the interior mechanism requiring
adjustment etc.
Or the case may be of any other desired form or arrangement suitable for the
purpose.
The actuation of the aneroid needle K and of the chart marking arm H is
respectively caused as follows:-
a is a connecting rod caused to ascend or descend vertically by vacuum boxes b
when the latter are acted on by variations of pressure as is well known and
understood.
c is a horizontal lever having its fulcrum or bearing at on the horizontal cross
bar d carried by the two rigid posts e the latter (as also the vacuum boxes b)
being fixed to the table f which in its turn is rigidly mounted on the aforesaid
platform E.
The rod a is suitably connected to one end of this lever e while the other end of
said lever c is adjustably connected by means of a rod g and adjusting screw to
the crank arm fixed on the rocking shaft j journalled in suitable supports or
posts kk.
On this rocking shaft j is rigidly fixed the lever or long arm / terminating in the
aforesaid end H and marker H' in front of the disc F and chart G. By mounting
a second and short arm m rigidly on this shaft j (close to the said long arm 1) and
having therein the set screw n thereby the amount of pressure exerted by the
marker H (on the free end H of said long arm 1) on the chart face G can be
easily and accurately adjusted as required.
Secondly the other end of said lever c is separately connected' (by means of the
vertical rod o Fig. 2 and horizontal arm p see Figs. 3 and 4-the connection of
lever c to rodo and arm p all being rigid) with the downwardly projecting rod q
which latter imparts motion to the rocking lever r turning on the pivots or axes s
(see Figs. 2 and 4) which rocking lever r in its turn imparts motion by means of
the thin chain or connection t to the usual coiled hair spring on the axis v
carrying the aneroid needle K or this motion from the lever to the needle K may
be imparted in any other suitable manner as will be readily understood.
u is an adjusting screw carried in the said arm p and by means of which the said
rod can be adjusted vertically and thereby adjust the needle K on the face of the
aneroid accurately.
The operation is as follows:-
When the vacuum boxes b cause any movement of the rod a thereby motion is
imparted to the levere and by the latter motion is independently but simultaneously
transmitted through the aforesaid respective separate connections to the marker H¹
and the aneroid needle K.
The adjusting device permits the end of the marking arm H to be set higher
or lower to any desired position for instance so as to exactly mark on the line or
circle marked 30 in the chart see Fig. 1 when the barometer is steady and exactly
at 30.
:
Any rise or fall in the barometer (i.e. any variation in pressure of the atmosphere)
will by the aforesaid vacuum boxes and connections therefrom cause a proportionate
rise or fall in the end of the free arm H and thus a deviating line will be marked
on the chart G either outside or inside the said circle marked 30 and thereby the

page_text: 'exact amount of such rise or fall is recorded as the clockwork revolves said chart
in a vertical plane as aforesaid.
The instrument may be made to work with the three said vertical faces arranged
in a triangle or one above the other (instead of side by side) or in other suitable
manner as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In instruments or apparatus for recording variations in barometrical pressures-
the combination with a clock of a disc-like chart or marking surface arranged in a
flat form and adapted to be revolved by connection with said clockwork in a
vertical or other suitable plane against a marking arm and an aneroid mechanism
operating both an aneroid needle and the aforesaid marking arm.
2. In instruments or apparatus for recording variations in barometrical pressures-
the combination with a clock of a disc-like chart or marking surface arranged in a
flat form and adapted to be revolved by connection with said clockwork in a vertical
or other suitable plane against a marking arm and an aneroid mechanism operating
both an aneroid needle and the aforesaid marking arm substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described.
3. In instruments or apparatus for graphically recording variations in baro-
metrical pressures-the combination with a clock and an aneroid of a disc-like
chart or marking surface arranged in a flat form and adapted to be revolved by
connection with said clockwork in a vertical or other suitable plane against a
marking arm adapted to be moved radially with respect to the centre of said disc-
like chart means to impart said radial motion to said marker from the vacuum
boxes of said aneroid and means to impart motion also from said vacuum boxes to
an aneroid needle.
4. In instruments or apparatus for graphically recording variations in baro-
metrical pressures-the combination with a clock and an aneroid of a disc-like
chart or marking surface arranged in a flat form and adapted to be revolved
by connection with said clockwork in a vertical or other suitable plane against a
marking arm adapted to be moved radially with respect to the centre of said disc-
like chart means to impart said radial motion to said marker from the vacuum
boxes of said aneroid and means to impart motion also from said vacuum boxes
to an aneroid needle substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
5. In instruments or apparatus for graphically recording variations in baro-
metrical pressures-the combination with a clockwork and a disc-like chart adapted
to be revolved by said clockwork against a pencil or marker, of vacuum boxes,
a rod operated thereby, a rocking lever operated by said rod, a connection from
said rocking lever to a crank arm on a crank shaft, a long arm rigidly fixed at one
end on said crank shaft and at its other end terminating in front of said chart in a
holder for said pencil or marker with means of adjustment between said rocking
lever and said crank arm, a second and separate connection from said rocking lever
to a downwardly projecting rod with independent means of adjustment between
said rod and said rock lever a second rocking lever operated at one end by said
downwardly projecting rod and at its other end imparting motion through a chain
or connection to a hair spring on the axis carrying the aneroid needle whereby the
needle is deflected all substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
6. In instruments or apparatus for graphically recording variations in baro-
metrical pressures-the combination with vacuum boxes such as 6 of a rocking
lever such as c adapted to be operated by said vacuum boxes means connected
to and actuated by said lever c by which the needle of an aneroid is deflected by
variations of barometrical pressure and second and separate connections from said
lever c by which a marking arm is independently moved radially over a disc-like

page_text: chart or flat marking surface which is revolved against said marker by connection
with the works of a suitable clock substantially in the manner and for the purposes
described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
7. In instruments or apparatus for graphically recording variations in baro-
metrical pressures-the combination with vacuum boxes such as 6 of a rocking
lever such as e adapted to be operated by said vacuum boxes means connected to
and actuated by said lever c by which the needle of an aneroid is deflected by
variations of barometrical pressure and second and separate connections from said
lever c by which a marking arm is independently moved radially over a disc-like
chart or flat marking surface which is revolved against said marker by connection
with the works of a suitable clock an adjusting screw such as u to adjust the
needle K of the aneroid an adjusting screw such as to adjust the marking arm H
towards or away from the centre of the disc-like chart G and an adjusting screw
such as n whereby the pressure of the pencil or marker carried in the arm H
on said chart G can be increased or diminished as desired substantially in the
manner and for the purposes described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
8. The improved instrument or apparatus combined arranged constructed and
acting to graphically record variations in barometrical pressures substantially as
and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated in the drawings
hereunto annexed.
Dated this 25th day of October 1894.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.