IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, PROPELLING, AND DISTRIBUTING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Paget, of Loughborough, in the County
of Leicester, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
RAISING, PROPELLING, AND DISTRIBUTING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Paget at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th April 1872.
I, ARTHUR PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, .
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, PROPELLING, AND DISTRIBUTING WATER AND OTHER
LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
My improvements have reference chiefly to those descriptions of
apparatus for raising and propelling water and other liquids wherein à
chamber or chambers or tube or tubes of cylindrical or other section,
whose sides are made of flexible and water-tight material, are attached at
each end to a plate or disc, one or both of which plates or discs is or are
alternately moved from and to the other plate or disc, so as alternately

page_text: to extend and collapse or partially collapse the said flexible tube or tubes,
and thus to cause water to be alternately drawn into and forced out of
the interior of the chamber or chambers, suitable inlet and delivery
apertures with valves being provided for this purpose.
One of my present improvements consists in constructing such
apparatus with two such aforesaid flexible chambers fixed at their
lower ends to the circumferences of discs or other shaped ends formed
on or attached to a bed plate, while the upper ends of the flexible
chambers are fixed to discs formed on or attached to an upper plate
capable of rocking on a fulcrum situated between the two chambers, so
that a rocking motion may be imparted to this plate, such rocking
motion being imparted by preference by the feet of the operator standing
on the plate, or by any other suitable known means if preferred.
this upper plate is so rocked the two cylinders are alternately extended
and partially collapsed. At some part of the ends of the chambers are
placed inlet and outlet apertures for the water, provided with flap valves
or any other suitable valves, which apertures may communicate with a
suitable suction pipe or pipes, and a suitable emission pipe or pipes.
When
Instead of employing two separate flexible chambers in this arrange-
ment a single chamber may be used divided internally into two chambers
by a water-tight partition which also partly constitutes the fulcrum of
the rocking plate, the chamber is thus divided into two separate com-
partinents, one on each side of the partition, the flexible casing being
made so as to fit water-tight against the ends of the partition.
Another improvement consists in constructing such apparatus as a
single acting pump with a single flexible chamber connected at the
lower end to a bed plate, and at the upper end to a rocking or recipro-
cating plate; the fulcrum of the rocking plate may be situated at or near
one side of the flexible chamber, while any suitable spring (by preference
a double or single cone coiled wire spring) is so placed that when the
partial collapsing of the chamber is effected by depressing the rocking
plate by the foot of the operator (or by any other suitable known means)
the extension of the chamber is effected by the said spring forcing the
rocking plate upwards.
The flexible chamber is provided with suitable inlet and delivery
valves and pipes in any somewhat similar manner to the first described
Construction

page_text: Another improvement consists in making the sides of such flexible
chambers or tubes of one or more thicknesses of any suitable strong
durable pliable material (such as tanned canvas), such material being
not necessarily water-tight, and in adding a separate internal water-tight
lining tube of an impervious material such as india-rubber; such internal
tube will render the chamber water-tight without requiring to have
much strength to resist pressure, and when the chamber is required to
act to any great extent by suction, there may be also if requisite a similar
separate covering impervious but not requiring much strength on the
outer surface of the strong pervious material.
Another improvement consists in a method of attaching the sides of
the flexible casing of the chambers when they are cylindrical or partially
so to the ends of the chambers.
I form the projecting discs on the bed plate and rocking plate, to
which the flexible casing is to be attached with the peripheries bevilled
or coned, so that the discs are of a somewhat smaller diameter at the
ends next the bed plate and rocking plate respectively than at the other
ends, and I slip over the peripheries of each of these discs a loose ring or
hoop of metal or other suitable material so that when the end of the
flexible casing is slipped over the disc the hoop is slipped back over the
end of the flexible casing and is then driven or drawn home tight so as
to hold or wedge the casing firmly and attach it in a water-tight manner'
to the coned periphery of the disc; or if preferred the discs can be coned
in the opposite direction and the hoops also forced on in the opposite
direction.
Another improvement has reference to the delivery nozzles and rose
jets of such before-described apparatus, which improvement is however
also applicable to all delivery nozzles or rose jets. The delivery apertures
or perforations of such nozzles and rose jets are very apt to become
choked with gritty, fibrous, and other substances contained in the water,
the thorough removal of which often causes much trouble, inconvenience,
and loss of time.
Now my improvement has for its object to effect the clearance of the
choked apertures in an easy, convenient, thorough, and expeditions
manner, and consists in providing on the outer end of the nozzle or rose
jet a flange with a screw thread or other convenient known means,
whereby the nozzle or rose jet may be attached at pleasure in a reversed

page_text: position to the delivery pipe or hose, so that when the apertures have
become choked at their inner ends, then on reversing the nozzle or rose
⚫jet the water pressure will readily clear away the obstructions from what
will then be the outer ends of the apertures. For facilitating the
passage of the water through the apertures when in either position it
may in some cases be desirable to cone them in both directions.
Another improvement consists in a novel construction of the con-
trivance generally known as a "spreader" applied to the delivery pipes of
the before described apparatus, as also to delivery pipes generally for the
purpose of spreading the water in a light shower over a large or small
area. I construct such "spreader" with an ordinary nozzle, around the
end of which is a short length of elastic hose of a size of bore somewhat
greater than the bore of the nozzle, and projecting beyond the extremity
of the orifice thereof.. A lever (with a suitable fulcrum formed on or
attached to the nozzle) is so arranged on one side of the nozzle that the
inner end of the lever (i.e. the one nearest to the operator) can easily be
worked by him, and the other or outer end of the lever is so formed that
when the lever is so worked the outer end will flatten the piece of clastic
hose against a projection which is formed on or attached to the nozzle on
the opposite side of the nozzle to that on which the outer end of the lever :
acts. This arrangement enables the operator at pleasure to leave the jet
of water circular in section and full bore, or by working the lever to
slightly spread the jet, or by working it more to spread it thoroughly, or
by working it still more to make the aperture of the hose a narrow slit,
and so to give a very slight shower of any smaller quantity desired, or to
close the opening entirely so as to shut off the water altogether. It will
generally be found advisable that the extremè end of the elastic hose
should be slit for a short distance at each side of the circle at its orifice
to enable the flattening lever to act more evenly on the extreme sides of
the flattened opening of the hose when spreading a thin shower.
It is of course evident that if desired two levers could be used, one on
each side of the nozzle instead of one lever and a fixed projection, but
the latter is preferred.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur Paget in the Great Seal Patent Office. on
the 24th October 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
5 PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
O give and grant unto me, the said Arthur Paget, Her special license that
I, the said Arthur Paget, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Arthur Paget, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING,
PROPELLING, AND DISTRIBUTING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that 1, the said Arthur Paget, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
སས་
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Paget, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thercon, that
is to say.
My improvements have reference chiefly to those descriptions of
apparatus for raising and propelling water and other liquids, wherein a
chamber or chambers or tube or tubes of cylindrical or other section
whose sides are made of flexible and water-tight material are attached

page_text: at each end to a plate or disc, one or both of which plates or discs is or
are alternately moved from and to the other plate or disc, so as alter-
nately to extend and collapse or partially collapse the said flexible tube
or tubes, and thus to cause water to be alternately drawn into and forced
out of the interior of the chamber or chambers, suitable inlet and
delivery apertures with valves being provided for this purpose.
=
One of my present improvements consists in constructing such
apparatus with two such aforesaid flexible chambers fixed at their lower
ends to the circumferences of discs or other shaped ends, formed on or
attached to a bed plate, while the upper ends of the flexible chambers:
are fixed to discs formed on or attached to an upper plate capable of
rocking on a fulcrum situated between the two chambers, so that a
rocking motion may be imparted to this plate, such rocking motion
being imparted by preference by the feet of the operator standing on the
plate, or by any other suitable known means if preferred. When this
upper plate is so rocked the two cylinders are alternately extended and
partially collapsed. At some part of the ends of the chambers are
placed inlet and outlet apertures for the water, provided with flap valves
or any other suitable valves, which apertures may communicate with a
suitable suction pipe or pipes, and a suitable emission pipe or pipes.
Instead of employing two separate flexible chambers in this arrange-
ment, a single chamber may be used divided internally into two
chambers by a water-tight partition which also partly constitutes the
fulcrum of the rocking plate, the chamber is thus divided into two
separate compartments one on each side of the partition, the flexible
casing being made so as to fit water-tight against the ends of the
partition.
Another improvement consists in constructing one such apparatus as
a single acting pump with a single flexible chamber connected at the
lower end to a bed plate, and at the upper end to a rocking or recipro-
cating plate; the fulcrum of the rocking plate may be situated at or near
one side of the flexible chamber, while any suitable spring (by pre-
fercnce a double or single conc coiled wire spring) is so placed that when
the partial collapsing of the chamber is effected by depressing the rocking
plate by the foot of the operator (or by any other suitable known
means), the extension of the chamber is effected by the said spring
forcing the rocking plate upwards.

page_text: The flexible chamber is provided with suitable inlet and delivery
valves and pipes in any somewhat similar manner to the first described
construction.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal
section; and Fig. 2, a sectional plan of a double acting apparatus
constructed in the manner first described above, with two flexible
chambers d, d, to which liquid may be admitted alternately from the
suction pipem by the inlet openings and valves k, k, and from which
the liquid may be alternately discharged by the outlet openings and
valves 1, 2, the two treadles e, e, being alternately depressed by the feet
of the operator.
The framing of the apparatus consists of two principal parts, the
lower part c, c, containing the inlet passages and being formed so as to
rest steadily on the ground on its two outer lips or ribs; the upper part
e, e, is extended each way so as to form treadles for the operator's feet.
The two parts are jointed together by a pin p, which forms a fulcrum or
axis on which the upper part rocks. Each of the two chambers d, d,
may be formed by securing a flexible cylindrical envelope to the edges
of discs a and b fixed to the upper and lower parts of the framing
1 respectively. The discharge pipe N is preferably made to extend down
nearly to the bottom of a dome or cavity q, formed in the upper part of
the framing. This cavity is supplied with liquid from the outlet
passages 1, 2, alternately, and acts as an air vessel to render the delivery
of the pipe N more regular.
°
Fig. 3, represents a longitudinal section; and Fig. 4 a sectional plan
of a double acting apparatus constructed with a single flexible chamber
a, divided into two compartments. The lower part of the chamber
slopes upwards at its middle towards the under face of the upper part of
the framing e, so as to form a partition between the two compartments.
This partition is rendered water-tight by inserting into grooves in the
upper and lower faces a cylindrical piece of caoutchouc, leather, or other
suitable yielding and elastic material b, which forms a fulcrum on
which the upper part of the framing rocks when the feet of the operator
act alternately on its treadles e, e. The cylindrical packing piece b
extends across the width of the chamber, and at each of its ends there is
a guard plate ƒ, which is jointed by pins to the upper and lower frames
respectively, and which serves to steady the upper part when it is
•

page_text: rocked. The flexible cylindrical envelope 7 is secured to the edges of
circular bosses or discs projecting respectively from the faces of the
upper and lower frames. In this case also it is preferred to carry the
discharge pipe N nearly to the bottom of a cavity q formed in the
upper frame, and constituting an air vessel; m is tlie suction pipe; k, k,
are the inlet, and 2, 1, the outlet valves.
Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal section; and Fig. 6 a sectional plan
of a single acting apparatus having one flexible chamber a with its inlet
and outlet valves & and 2. The upper frame e is pivotted to the lower
frame o by a pin f, on which it is made to rock by the foot of the
operator applied to the treadle e. A spring o is inserted under the
treadle e.
This spring is compressed when the treadle is forced down by
the foot, the chamber a being thereby collapsed and caused to dischargo
its contents. When the pressure of the foot is relieved the spring o
raises the treadle e, at the same time dilating the chamber a and 1
causing it to draw a fresh supply of liquid. The upper frame is pro-
ferably made with a domo or cavity q, which acts as an air vessel to
render the delivery by the pipe N more regular; m is the suction pipe.
.
Another improvement consists in making the sides of such flexiblo
chambers or tubes of one or more thicknesses of any suitable strong,
durable, pliable material (such as tanned canvas), such material being
not necessarily water-tight, and in adding a separate internal water-tight
lining tube of an impervious material, such as india-rubber, such tube
will render the chamber water-tight without requiring to have much
strength to resist pressure, and when the chamber is required to act
to any great extent by suction, there may be also if requisite a similar
separate covering impervious but not requiring much strength on the
outer surface of the strong pervious material.
Fig. 7 shews a section of a flexible chamber having an outer
envelope & coloured blue, of a strong pliable material (such as tanned
canvas) not necessarily water-tight, and an internal lining t, coloured
red, of an impervious material such as india-rubber.
Another improvement consists in a method of attaching the sides
of the flexible casing of the chambers, when they are cylindrical or
partially so to the ends of the chambers. I form the projecting discs
on the bed plate and rocking plate to which the flexible casing is to
be attached with the peripheries bevilled or coned, so that the discs

page_text: Another improvement consists in a novel construction of the con-
trivance generally known as a "spreader" applied to the delivery pipes
of the before-described apparatus, as also to delivery pipes generally.
for the purpose of spreading water in a light shower over a large or
small area. I construct such "spreader" with an ordinary nozzle,
around the end of which is a short length of elastic hose of a size of
bore somewhat greater than the bore of the nozzle, and projecting
beyond the extremity of the orifice thereof. A lever (with a suitable
fulcrum formed on or attached to the nozzle) is so arranged on one
side of the nozzle that the inner end of the lever (i.e., the one nearest
to the operator) can easily be worked by him, and the other or outer
end of the lever is so formed that whon the lever is so worked the
outer end will flatten a piece of elastic hose against a projection
which is formed on or attached to the nozzle on the opposite side of
the nozzle to that on which the outer end of the lever acts. This :
arrangement enables the operator at pleasure to leave the jet of water
circular in section and full bore, or by working the lever to slightly
spread the jet, or by working it more to spread it thoroughly, or by
working it still more to make the aperture of the hose a narrow slit,
and so to give a very slight shower of any smaller quantity desired,
or to close the opening entirely so as to shut off the water altogether.
.
It will generally be found advisable that the extreme end of the
élastic hose should be slit for a short distance at each side of the circle
at its orifice to enable the flattening lever to act more evenly on the
extreme sides of the flattened opening of the hose when spreading a
thin shower. Fig. 10 represents a longitudinal section of a "spreader"
constructed in this manner; E is the nozzle of the pipe, on the end of
which is secured a short piece of flexible hose F. On one side of this
flexible mouth piece is a fixed lip or abutment L against which it can
be pressed. On a pin K is mounted the lever H which has at its a
end a lip G. By working the lever H by hand the flexible mouth
piece can be more or less compressed between the lips G and L, as
described above,

page_text: The lip or abutment L for the flexible mouth piece F may be in both
arrangements conveniently formed of a piece of tube sloped off on
the one side, this piece of tube serving also as a guard for the flexible
mouth piece, to prevent it from being burst by the pressure of liquid
within it when its mouth is contracted or closed by the action of the
lever.
It is of course evident that if desired two levers could be used, one on
each side of the nozzle, instead of one lever and a fixed projection, but
the latter is preferred.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, I wish it to be clearly understood
that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein given, as many
of them may be modified without departing from the principle of my
Invention, but I claim,―
First. The use and construction of apparatus for raising and pro-
pelling liquids, constructed and operating substantially as described, with
two flexible chambers fixed with their lower ends attached to the circum-
ferences of discs or other shaped ends formed on or attached to a bed
plate, while the upper ends of the flexible chambers are fixed to discs
formed on or attached to an upper plate capable of rocking on a fulcrum
situated between the two chambers, so that a rocking motion may be
imparted to this plate, such rocking motion being imparted by preference
by the feet of the operator standing on the plate, or by any other suitable
means if preferred. When this upper plate is so rocked the two
cylinders are alternately extended and partially collapsed. At some
part of the ends of the chambers are placed inlet and outlet apertures
for the water, provided with flap valves or any other suitable valves,
which apertures communicate with a suitable suction pipe or pipes, and
a suitable emission pipe or pipes.
Second. The use and construction of apparatus for raising and pro-
pelling liquid, constructed and operating substantially as described,
with a single chamber divided internally into two chambers by a water-
tight partition, which also partly constitutes the fulcrum of the rocking
plate. The chamber is thus divided into two separate compartments,
one on each side of the partition, the flexible casing being made so as to
be water-tight to the ends of the partition..

page_text: Third. The use and construction. of single acting apparatus for raising
and propelling liquids, constructed and operating substantially as de-
scribed, with a single flexible chamber connected at the lower end to
a bed plate, and at the upper end to a rocking or reciprocating plate.
The fulcrum of the rocking plate may be situated at or near one side
of the flexible chamber, while any suitable spring (by preference a
double or single coned coiled, wire spring) is so placed that when the
partial collapsing of the chamber is effected by depressing the rocking
plate by the foot of the operator (or any other suitable means), the
extension of the chamber is effected by the said spring forcing the
rocking plate upwards. The flexible chamber is provided with suitable
inlet and delivery valves and pipes in any convenient manner.
Fourth. The use for the sides of such flexible chambers or tubes of
one or more thicknessos of any suitable, strong, durable, pliable
material, such as tanned canvas, such material being not necessarily
water-tight, and adding a separate internal water-tight lining tube of
an impervious material, such as india-rubber, such internal tube will
render the chamber water-tight without requiring to have much strength
to resist pressure, and when the chamber is required to act to any great
extent by suction there may be also if requisite a similar separate
covering impervious but not requiring much strength on the outer
surface of the strong pervious material.
Fifth. The mode substantially as herein described of attaching the
sides of the flexible casing of the chambers, when they aro cylindrical
or partially so, to the ends of the chambers, by forming the projecting
discs on the bed plate and rocking plate to which the flexible casing
is to be attached with the peripheries bevilled or coned, so that the discs
are of a somewhat smaller diameter at the ends next the bed plate and
rocking plate respectively than at the other ends, and slipping over
the peripheries of each of these discs a metal ring or hoop, so that a
when the end of the flexible casing is slipped over the disc the hoop is
slipped back over the end of the flexible casing, and is then driven or
drawn home tight so as to hold or wedge the casing firmly, and attach
it in a water-tight manner to the coned periphery of the disc, or if
preferred the discs can be coned in the opposite direction, and the hoops g
also forced on in the opposite direction.

page_text: And I claim each of the above improvements separately and in com-
bination with all or any of the other improvements.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Paget, have hercunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.