CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Shaw, of Portlaw, in the County of Water-
ford, Ireland, Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING.
Sealed the 18th May 1855, and dated the 4th December 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Shaw at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th December
1854.
I, ROBERT SHAW, of Portlaw, in the County of Waterford, Ireland, Cotton.
Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING " to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved combination of machinery for releasing
or allowing the warp in power looms to unrol as it is woven. To the warp
beam, or to a short shaft connected to it, is fixed a toothed wheel gearing into
a pinion, to which is fixed a friction pulley. A cord is carried round this pulley,
one end of which is fast to the frame side, or other more convenient place, and
to the other end is attached a screw with an adjustable nut. This screw passes
through a spring connected by a rod to the horizontal arm of the rocking frame

page_text: or vibrator, which is drawn down by a spring or weight in the ordinary manner.
When the loom to which my improvements are applied is set in motion, the
action of the cloth elevates the horizontal arm of the vibrator, when the rod
acting on the spring eases it off the adjustable nut, thereby slackening the
friction band on the friction pulley; the strain of the warp then turns the warp
beam partly round, thereby allowing the horizontal arm of the vibrator to be
pulled down by the weight or spring attached to it, and again tightening the
cord on the friction pulley. In some cases the weight or spring of the vibrator
may be dispensed with. These operations are repeated at every stroke of the
batten, or whenever it is requisite to let off the warp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd June 1855.
.1
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
SHAW, of Portlaw, in the County of Waterford, Ireland, Cotton Spinner and
Manufacturer, send greeting
وقوة
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of December, in..the year of our Lord
One thousand-eight hundred and fifty-four,-in-the-eighteenth year-of-Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant. unto me,
the said Robert Shaw, Her special license that I, the said Robert Shaw,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said-Robert
Shaw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter 'during the
term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make, use; exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom-of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN' LOOMS
FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert
Shaw, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain, the 'nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I the said Robert, Shaw, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and; by the following
statement, that is to say..
The nature of my said Invention consists in certain improved combinations
of machinery, by which the warp in power looms is released, or allowed to
unroll off the warp beam as it is woven; and in order that my Invention may
be fully understood and readily carried into effect,, I will proceed ato describe
the means, pursued by me, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon..;.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
1.t.
I
1...".
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the principal parts of a loom, to which one
mode of constructing my improvements is applied; and Fig. 2 is an elevation;.
taken from the, back off the same, looma is the warp, beam, one end of
which is provided with a socket fitting on the end of a short shaft b, working
in the bearing c. To the outer end, of the shaft 6 is fixed a spur wheel d;
gearing in the pinion e fixed to the friction pulleylf. This pinion and pulley
are supported on the stud g, which is fixed to the loom side in any convenient
manner, his the rocking rail of the vibrator, supported in levers i, fixed.'on
the fulcrum shaft. To the shaft is fixed the lever, k, which is drawn down
by the spiral spring 1, or by a weight, in the ordinary manner. To the lever
kis also attached the upper end of the rod m, the lower end of which passes
through the spring, n, and is furnished with a Thead: A cord, strap, chain, or
band'o is taken round the friction pulley fone end of which is secured to the
loom-side, or other convenient place, and the other end, which is furnished with
a-screw and regulating nut, marked-p, passes through the spring n. - The taking-
up motion and the other parts of the loom that are not shewn in the Drawing
are made as usual. The mode of operation is as follows: The warp, which
is indicated by the lines g, is taken from the warp beam a, partly round the
shaft and over the rocking rail, the amount of tension being regulated in
the ordinary manner by the strength of the spring 1, and the distance from the
point of suspension to the shaft j. When the loom is at work the taking up.
of the cloth tightens the warp, thereby elevating, the lever ;..the lower end of
the rod m is thus made to raise the spring, which action eases the said spring
off the adjustable nut p, and slackens, the friction bando, passing round the
friction pulley the strain of the warp then turns the warp beam partly round,

page_text: thereby slackening the warp, and allowing the lever k to be again pulled down
by the spring or weight attached to ; the spring n then acting on the adjustable
nut p, tightens the band o on the friction pulley f. These operations are
repeated at every stroke of the batten, or whenever the warp is sufficiently
tight to raise the lever k. In some cases the spring n may be made suffi-
ciently strong to give the requisite tension to the warp, and the spring 1, or the
weight substituted in its stead, may then be dispensed with. I would also
remark that a break may be applied to the friction pulley f instead of the
chain or band o. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the principal parts of a loom,
to which another modification of my improvements is applied; and Fig. 4, an
clevation, taken from the back of the same. Many of the parts in this com-
bination being similar to those above described, are marked with similar letters
of reference. In this instance the rocking rail h is attached at each end to the
springs r, r.. Within one of these springs is another spring s, which answers
the same purpose as the one marked n in Figs. 1 and 2. On referring to the
detached Fig. 5, it will be seen, that in order to limit the range of the springs
a bolt passes through each of the said springs to the bracket . The
friction cord, strap, chain, or band o is attached by one end to a stud rivetted
to the upper end of the springs, and after passing around the friction pulley f
is secured to the adjusting screw t, which passes through the bracket u, and
is held by the regulating nut v. The upper part of the bracket u and the
lower surface of the regulating nut v are made of a curved form, by which
means, when the friction band has been set to its proper tension, the nut cannot
unscrew of itself. The mode of operation is as follows:-When the tension
of the warp is sufficiently great to overcome the resistance of the springs
one of the said springs comes against the stud rivetted to the upper end of the
springs, thereby slackening the friction band o, and allowing the warp beam
to turn partly round to let off warp; or a regulating set screw, similar to that
marked in Fig. 5, may be employed, the point of which comes against the
springs when the warp compresses the springs r. As soon as the warp regains
its proper tension, the rocking rail h again assumes the position-shewn-in
Fig. 3, and the spring r moves beyond the reach of the spring s, thereby
allowing the friction band o to check the friction pulley f, until more warp is
required to be let off, when the same operations are repeated. For some
descriptions of warp the wheels d and pinions e may be dispensed with, and
the friction pulley f fixed to the end of the warp beam or to the shaft b.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
-forming the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the

page_text: details herein set forth; but that what I claim is, the improved combinations
of machinery described, by means whereof the warp is released or allowed
to unroll off the warp beam in the proportion required by the taking-up
motion.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Shaw, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness to the signature of Robert Shaw,
H. B. BARLOW,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
ROBERT SHAW. (L.S.)