AN IMPROVEMENT ON CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF FIRE GRATES, BY WHICH IMPROVEMENT THE COMBUSTION OF SMOKE IS MORE EASILY EFFECTED
Year: 1818

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEREMIAH
SPENCER, of Great James Street, Bedford Row, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, one of the People called Quakers, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, did, by
His Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifth day of December,
in the fifty-ninth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said Jeremiah
Spencer, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said Jeremiah Spencer, my exors, adiñors,
and assigns, during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT ON CERTAIN
DESCRIPTIONS OF FIRE GRATES, BY WHICH IMPROVEMENT THE COMBUSTION OF SMOKE
IS MORE EASILY EFFECTED;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso that if I, the said Jeremiah Spencer, shall not particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and
cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
two calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages

page_text: whatsoever thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void,.
as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Jeremiah Spencer, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the
following description thereof, (that is to say):
:-
My improvement on certain descriptions of fire grates, by which the com-
bustion of smoke is more easily effected than by the common grates, (in which
the fresh fuel is kept always at the top), consists of and is effected by
substituting an invertable grate, hung loose and turning upon an axis, whereby
the coals or other fuel, when put on the top above that which is burning, may
be inverted and brought undermost by the invertion of the grate, and the fire
made to kindle downwards, so that the smoke may pass, as it ascends, through
the fire, and may be consumed.
Fig. 1 represents a revolving grate A, A, A, hung upon a pivot or pin fixed
into the chimney back B, upon which pivot or pin it is intended to turn
vertically, so that the top of the grate C, which, by its being turned,
will occasionally become the bottom, müst have a similar grated covering
with the bottom, and both be made to open, as each will be required to
do when uppermost, the grated lid resting when open against the back of the
chimney.
a
Fig. 2 is another contrivance to invert the fuel, which may be performed by
grated box in the form of an oblong square, having all the four sides like
the front of an ordinary, grate, which box is hung or suspended horizontally
between two upright supporters A, A, by two 'pins, each pin going from the
centre of each end of the grate or fire-box into the uprights, the pins
resembling the poles of an immaginary axis passing horizontally through the
centre of the grate B, B. The bars are to be sufficiently close to prevent
the fuel from falling out when the grate is turned, or if placed much asunder,
spikes from them projecting upwards and downwards may be added; all the
four sides may be made to open, each opening towards and lying against the back
of the chimney when uppermost, as represented in both Figures, and intended
to be fastened,
hen's
shut down, by an eye or loop D and bottom E. The grate
turiied by a handle or lever fitted or attached' to the ends
of the pins or poles projecting beyond and through the upright, as seen
at F, and the grate held or confined in the position required by a pin put
through the upright into a corresponding hole in the revolving grate or
or box may