Year: 1887

page_text: We, JEAN CHARLES KRÄYENBÜHL, HEINRICH CHRISTIAN PETERSEN, and CARL
CHRISTIAN BURMEISTER, all of 5 Raadhusstræde, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of
Denmark, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to the cleaning or separating of tar from ammoniacal liquor
and other matters-with the view of separating the ammoniacal liquor etc. from gas
tar, no matter whether the tar has to be used for technical or other purposes or in
tar distilleries the following process may be used.
The tar containing the ammoniacal liquor is conducted into a tank, which by walls
is divided into two or more compartments. The tar is heated in this tank and leaving
the tank (partly through a cock on the side, partly through an overflow pipe) is now
rid of part of the ammonia water and is transferred into the revolving drum of a
centrifuge or separator, which may be of any convenient construction. The tar is
separated from the ammoniacal liquor, which leaves the drum through one pipe or
outlet, whilst the purè tar is drawn off by another pipo or outlet.
In the treatment described above a great deal of the impurities contained in the tar
arrive on the wall of the centrifuge or separator and may be removed by a special
tube or outlet inserted for this purpose. If this substance however is wanted to
remain in the tar the revolving drum of the separator or centrifuge may be so
constructed, that it is continuously drawn off along with the tar.
Either before or after the treatment in the centrifuge or separator the tar can by
suitable means be washed systematically with water, so that all the ammonia hydrate
and other soluble matter is washed out, and if desired, any water left from this
process may be removed by a subsequent treatment of the tar in the centrifuge or
separator.

page_text: A NOW ΟΙ πιρίον σα
SOOOLI
Ammoniacal Liquor and other Matters from Tar.
We JEAN CHARLES KRÄYENBÜHL, HEINRICH CHRISTIAN PETERSEN and CARL
CHRISTIAN BURMEISTER all of 5 Randhusstræde Copenhagen in the Kingdom of
Denmark Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the cleaning or separating of ammoniacal liquor and other
matters from tar by a process conducted as hereinafter described so as to render the
tar fit to be used in tar distilleries or for technical or other purposes.
The tar containing the ammoniacal liquor and other matters there may be in it is
conducted into a tank which is so constructed that the tar leaves it at the pressure and
temperature necessary for the further treatment and allowing the ammoniacal liquor
that may be separated to be taken off. The temperature for the tar in this vessel
should be about 45° Celcius but will of course vary with the different tars. Figure 1
represents a tank suited for the purpose. It is divided by the partitions ab into compart-
monts A. B. C. with passages for the tar under one partition and over the other.
The tar enters at c and passes down the compartment C under the partition and
between the steam coil D (by which the aforesaid temperature is obtained) and up
through the compartment B and over the partition a and out by the outlet which is
provided' with a stopcock f³: G is an overflow pipe which maintains the level of the
tar in the tank and serves also to carry off ammoniacal liquor therefrom. The tar
passes out at rid of part of the ammonia water and is transferred into the revolving
drum of a centrifugal machine or separator, which may be analogous to the ordinary
apparatus known by those names but is preferably arranged as hereinafter described.
The tar has thus separated from it the ammoniacal liquor which is drawn off from
the drum through one pipe or outlet, whilst the pure tar is drawn off by another pipe
or outlet.
In this treatment a great deal of the impurities contained in the tar come against
the wall of the said' drum and may be removed by a special tube or outlet inserted for
this purpose or by making one of the other outlet tubes moveable from its norminal
position for this purpose. If it be desired however that these impurities should
remain in the tar the revolving drum of the centrifugal machine or separator may be
so constructed that they are continuously drawn off along with the tar.
Either before or after the treatment in the centrifugal machine or separator the tar
can be washed systematically with water, so that all the ammonia hydrate and other
soluble matter is washed out, and if desired any water left from this process may
be removed by a subsequent treatment of the tar in. the centrifugal machine or
separator.
A suitable washing vessel is shown in Figure 2. It is divided by the plates with
passages past them alternately at opposite sides of the vessel. The tar enters at y and

page_text: runs down over the plates and leaves at the outlet z. The water enters at vand leaves
at to so that the flow of the tar and the water are in reverse directions.
Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing represents in vertical section a centrifugal
machine or separator suited to the purposes of this Invention. A is the outer casing
and B the revolving drum. C is the pipe and D the conical nozzle through which
the tar is fed into the drum B-d is a screwed rod having at the bottom a valve d² to
close open and regulate the passage through the conical nozzle the said rod being
provided with an operating handle d³. When the machine is in operation the
ammonia water takes a position inward of the tar as shewn at x and y. a shewing
the ammonia water and y the tar. The ammonia water is drawn off by the tube a the
tar being drawn off by the tubes b and c when the machine is in full operation the
tubes b and c are or one of them is, adjusted on the slide E, so that their inlet
orifices are at the distance from the machine shewn with regard to the tube b,
occasionally the tube c is moved or screwed to the position shewn on the Drawing
to draw off through it the layer of refuse and dirt which accumulates on the walls of
the drum and whilst this drawing off of the refuse or dirt is being effected only a small
quantity of tar is fed into the drum. When the refuse or dirt is removed the tube c
is moved back and fixed in a position like that of b and the supply for tar to the drum
is opened by the valve d². The annular plate F should be fixed at a lower elevation
(as shewn) than is the case with ordinary centrifugal machines or separators.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
The new or improved process for cleaning or separating ammoniacal liquor or
ammoniacal liquor and other impurities from tar conducted substantially as and by
means of heat in combination with treatment in a centrifugal machine or separator as
herein before described.