Improvements in Gearing for Transmitting Rotary Motion, applicable in Velocipodes, Carrier-tricycles, Motor-vehicles and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Gearing for Transmitting Rotary Motion, applicable
in Velocipodes, Carrier-tricycles, Motor-vehicles and the like.
We, THOMAS JAMES RYLAND, of 114, Cold Harbour Lane, Brixton, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, and EARLE BIRD, of Brightling Hall, Robertsbridge, in the
County of Sussex, Gentleman; do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
The invention has for its object an improved driving gear for velocipedes,
carrier-tricycles, motor-vehicles, and the like, whereby great power may be
obtained.
.
For this purpose we mount on the crank shaft a bevel wheel, which takes into a
pinion on a longitudinal shaft extending from the crank shaft to the axle of the
rear or driving wheel, at which end such longitudinal shaft has fixed thereon a
worm or a spiral or skew wheel, which takes into a worm wheel, or a spiral or
skew wheel, fixed on the axle of the rear or driving wheel; the proportion of the
gearing is arranged according to the speed at which it is desired to travel, or the
weight it is desired to propel.
If desired the position of the bevel gear and of the worm, spiral or skew gear
can be reversed.
In order to decrease friction in the worm, spiral or skew gear, we apply to the
working faces of the teeth, a series of balls; a convenient way of effecting this is
to form channels across the working face of the teeth of the wheels, or around the
working face of the worm, of such depth and dimensions as to fit the balls whilst
causing them to project somewhat beyond the face of the worm or teeth; separate
retaining plates may be fixed in such position that whilst acting to retain the
balls in position they will allow them to project slightly beyond their faces and
to work freely. Or the spaces to receive the balls may be drilled through a solid
wheel and tooth spaces milled out of said wheel so as to cut somewhat into the
ball spaces, thereby permitting the balls to project sufficiently and yet acting to
retain them in position. The balls may be passed into their spaces from the
sides of the wheel, in which case plates will be fixed on such sides to retain the
balls in place.
The gearing may be applied to other shafts than those above-named and is
applicable to any ordinary machine.
T
AT
1907

page_text: Improvements in Gearing for Transmitting Rotary Motion, applicable
in Velocipedes, Carrier-tricycles, Motor-vehicles and the like.
We, THOMAS JAMES RYLAND, of 114, Cold Harbour Lane, Brixton, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, and EARLE BIRD, of Brightling Hall, Robertsbridge, in the
County of Sussex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to velocipedes, motor vehicles and the like, its object being
to provide an improved construction of chainless driving gear which shall be
applicable to such machines as ordinarily constructed, whereby great power may
be obtained.
The accompanying drawings illustrate this invention as applied to a "safety"
bicycle.
Fig. 1 is a side view of parts of a bicycle with one form of the invention applied
thereto.
Fig. 2 is a rear end view of parts.
Fig. 3 is a cross section of parts showing method of adjusting the gear wheel
at the front end of the longitudinal shaft."
Fig. 4 is a side view partly in section of one of the gear wheels, and
Fig. 5 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 1 showing a modification.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
Referring to the arrangement shown at Figures 1 to 4 a is a chain stay fork, b
the crank spindle, and c the seat pillar tube of a safety bicycle all of which may
be of any usual construction.
On the crank spindle b is fixed a bevel wheel d which gears with a pinion a
on a longitudinal shaft e extending from the crank spindle b to the axle f of the
rear or driving wheel f¹, at which end such longitudinal shaft e has fixed thereon
a worm, spiral or skew wheel e, which takes into a worm, spiral or skew wheel g,
fixed to the hub of the rear or driving wheel f¹.
If desired the respective positions of the bevel gear and of the worm,
skew gear, can be reversed.
spiral or
The rear end of the longitudinal shaft e is supported in ball bearings h¹ carried
by a bracket plate h bolted to the forked or rear end of the chain stay a, and the
forward end of such longitudinal shaft e is carried in a ball bearing i adjustably
secured to the chain stays a by a bracket i bolt and split grip as seen most
clearly in Fig. 3. On slackening the bolt the arm can be adjusted by sliding
it in the groove in the upper member of the grip 3, thus putting the pinion e¹
more or less deeply in engagement with the wheel d.
The screw serves to draw the pieces 23 together and cause them to grip the
tubes a.
In order to decrease friction in the worm, spiral or skew gear, a series of
balls is applied to the working face of each tooth; a convenient way of effecting
this being to form channels across the working faces of the teeth of the worm,
spiral or skew gear, of such depth and dimensions as to receive the greater part
of the balls whilst causing them to project somewhat beyond the faces of the
teeth; slotted retaining plates may be fixed in such position across the working
face of the teeth that whilst acting to retain the balls in position, they will allow
them to project slightly beyond the faces of the plates and to rotate freely.
The arrangement represented at Fig. 4 is however preferred.

page_text: In this arrangement the channels across the working faces of the teeth are so
shaped as to retain the balls without the employment of retaining plates as above
described. The channels, as shown, are, in cross section, of the shape of a segment
of a circle greater than a semicircle, and the balls are small enough to move freely
in the channels but too large to escape through the slot formed in the tooth face.
The channel is left closed at one end and open at the other, the balls are inserted
at the open end of the channel, and the end is then closed by a plate to retain the
balls in the channels. The channels are lettered j, the balls k, and the closure
plate 1.
In practice this may conveniently be effected by drilling at the required angle
a circular series of cylindrical holes nearly through a solid wheel near the circum-
ference at the required distance apart to correspond with the number of teeth the
wheel is intended to have, and then cutting the teeth so as to cut somewhat into
the said holes and to thus leave an open channel or trough of the desired shape
closed at one end; the end of the channel at which the drill entered may be closed
by a plate as described above. Although in the drawings balls are only shown
on one face of each tooth, they may be arranged as above described on any of the
rubbing surfaces.
The modification shown in Fig. 5 is somewhat similar to the arrangement
above described, except that instead of employing the bevel wheel d and bevel
pinion el, worm, spiral or skew gear wheels d* and e¹* are substituted, whilst the
longitudinal shaft e and its wheels el* and e³ are placed above the crank spindle b
and axle f of the rear or driving wheel f¹.
The advantage of the construction of gear as above described over the chainless
gears in common use is that whereas the latter necessitate a special construction
of frame and cannot be applied to the ordinary diamond frame used with chain
driven bicycles except by altering the frame, the gear constructed according to
this invention may be readily applied to such a frame without alteration of the
frame, or it may be substituted for the chain gear of a chain driven machine,
equally without alteration to the frame, and if desired the chain gear may be
easily and quickly replaced at any time.
It will be evident that the gearing may be applied to other shafts than those
above named, and to any ordinary machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is;-
1. A chainless driving gear having worm, spiral, or skew gear wheels of the
kind herein before described applicable, without alteration of the frame, to the
ordinary diamond frame of a chain-driven bicycle, whereby this gear could be
applied to a bicycle frame built for a chain gear.
2. In gearing of the kind described, securing antifriction balls to the working
face of a tooth by placing the balls in a groove in the tooth face, the groove being
of such a shape that the balls project but cannot pass through its opening to the
tooth face.
3. Forming grooves for the retention of antifriction balls in the working face
of a tooth in gearing of the kind described by drilling holes in an uncut wheel and
then cutting the teeth so as to expose the holes, thus forming one or more grooves
of the required shape in each tooth, substantially as described.
4. In toothed gearing of the kind described, securing antifriction balls to the
face of a tooth by forming a groove in the tooth, placing the balls therein and
attaching a slotted retaining plate to the tooth so that the balls project through
the slot and are retained in the said grooves by the plate, substantially as described.
5. Supporting the longitudinal shaft e of a chainless gear of the kind herein-
before described for a cycle or self-propelled vehicle at the rear end by a bracket h
attached to one member of the bottom fork, and at the forward end by a bracket
adjustably attached to the bottom fork, substantially as described.

page_text: 6. In a cycle or the like the combination with gearing having worm, spiral
or skew gear wheels, of holes for the reception of antifriction balls in the working
faces of the teeth so formed as to retain the balls but to allow them to project
upon the working face substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of August 1898
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.