AN IMPROVED CHURN, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Rainbow, of Luton, in the County of Bedford,
for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED CHURN, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER
PURPOSES "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Rainbow at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September 1881.
WILLIAM RAINBOW, of Luton, in the County of Bedford.
CHURN, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
"AN IMPROVED
My Invention relates to an improved churn, which is capable of being adapted
for mixing, agitating, or beating up liquids or semi liquids generally.
The Invention consists mainly in the combination of a rotary agitator or beater
revolving in a vessel of square or other rectangular form, substantially as berein-
after described, the form of the vessel being such as to prevent the liquid
acquiring a rotary motion by being carried round with the agitator, and
rendering unnecessary the employment of fixed blades to check the rotation of the
liquid.
The churn is constructed of an outer frame or casing, and of an inner vessel of
rectangular form placed within the frame and readily removable therefrom.
Within this vessel is mounted a vertical shaft carrying one or more agitators or
beaters, which may be in the form of discs with segments turned up at right
angles to the upper and lower faces of the discs. They would be preferably made
of sheet metal, and slipped on a square shaft, and secured thereon by spring clips,
or by set screws or otherwise, or they may be blades or beaters running parallel to
the shaft or axis. This shaft would be supported in a footstep at the bottom of
the vessel and rotate in a bearing in the top of the casing forming the cover of the
inner vessel, which is removable to allow of the shaft and agitators being raised
out of the vessel. This shaft is driven by band or spur gearing from another
shaft, either vertical or horizontal, which is worked by hand or by power.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Rainbow in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th March 1882.
WILLIAM RAINBOW, of Luton, in the County of Bedford. "AN IMPROVED
CHURN, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to an improved churn, which is capable of being adapted
for mixing, agitating, or beating up liquids or semi liquids generally.
The Invention consists mainly in the combination of a rotary agitator or beater
revolving upon a vertical axis in a vessel of square or other rectangular form fitted
in an outer frame so as to be readily removeable therefrom, substantially as
hereinafter described, the form of the vessel being such as to check or prevent to a
certain extent the liquid acquiring a rotary motion by being carried round with
the agitator, and so rendering unnecessary the employment of fixed blades to check
the rotation of the liquid.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood, I have illustrated
the construction of the churn in the accompanying Drawings, and will proceed to
describe it with reference thereto. Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of
the churn, and Figure 2 is a plan of the same with the cover removed.
The churn is composed of an outer frame A of wood or metal, constructed in
any suitable manner, and of an inner vessel B of rectangular form made of tin
plate or other suitable metal, and fitted within the frame A, as shown, so as to be
held securely while the churn is in use, the frame A being open at the end to
permit of the vessel B being readily slid in and out of place, as shown in dotted
lines in Figure 1. Within this vessel B is mounted a vertical shaft C carrying
one or more perforated blades D, which as well as the shaft may be made of wood,
the blades being fixed in cross slots in the shaft, but preferably the blades are
made of tin plate or suitable substance attached to metal arms projecting from a
collar to be slipped on a square shaft, and secured thereon by spring clips, or by set
screws or otherwise. Instead of being-mere-cross-arms-the-blades may extend the
whole length of the shaft C. This shaft is supported in a footstep E, upon the
bottom of the vessel B, and in a bearing in the top A¹ of the casing, forming part
of the cover of the vessel B. This part A¹ of the cover is secured to the frame A
by thumb screws at a, a, and is removable together with the shaft C for the
purpose of removing the vessel B from the frame in order to take out the butter.
The other part A² is also removable for filling and inspection of vessel B. The
vessel B is provided with handles b for lifting it out of the frame, and with a
cock at bottom for draining off the butter milk or for removing any other
liquid.
The shaft C is driven from another vertical shaft F turning in the frame A by
toothed gearing, as shown, or by friction gear or band running on pulleys above
the said frame. This shaft is turned by a handle in the case of small churns, but
instead of being vertical it might be horizontal and geared with shaft.C by bevil
wheels, and may be driven by power in some cases.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. The improved churn or apparatus constructed with a removeable vessel
and agitator, substantially as herein shown and described for the purposes
specified.

page_text: 2nd. The combination in a churn or mixing apparatus of a vertical shaft
and agitators turning in a rectangular vessel substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Rainbow, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
W. RAINBOW. (L.S.)