IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-BARS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE IRON TO BE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION THEREOF,
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Colborne Cambridge, of the City of Bristol,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-BARS, AND IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF THE IRON TO BE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION THEREOF,
THE IRAN SO MANURAGED IN
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1115
Sealed the 4th October 1867, and dated the 10th April 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Colborne Cambridge
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th April 1867.
I, WILLIAM COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE, of the City of Bristol, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-
BARS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE IRON TO BE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION
THEREOF, THE IRON SO MANUFACTURED BEING APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in making fire-bars of such form and construction
that the air may be more thoroughly dispersed over and through the fire.
To accomplish this the bar is to be formed as follows:-Say 1 inch wide,
2 inches deep, with sides put on 2tbs inches deep, 8th inch thick at the top,
and inch thick at the bottom, and bars constructed according to my present

page_text: Invention have about 3ths of an inch rising above each side of the bar.
Slanting or skew openings are between the raised ribs about 4 inch at the top
and gths inch at the bottom, leaving at top pieces about ths inch wide between
each opening, but I do not confine myself to any width, depth, or length of
bar, but arrange and make the same according to the length and strength
required. The ribs standing above the bar at the sides keep the fuel more
hollow or loose, and cause the air to act more evenly and effectually through
the fire, thus producing more heat with less fuel; but as bars so constructed
will be much lighter than other bars I prefer to make them of one part of my
improved iron lereafter described mixed with the same weight of other
strong tough iron.
an inch
My improved iron herein-before referred to which I can use mixed with the
same weight of other good cast iron, and which is specially useful for making
my said improved fire-bars (and for other purposes) is to be manufactured as
follows first prepare suitable moulds, say, for instance, about 12 inches
long, 5 inches deep, and 4 inches wide inside. The top to be about
thick, tapered to 3th inch at the bottom, or larger or smaller when required.
Plates of cast iron are to be made about 1 inch thick at the bottom, 4 inches
wider, and 5 inches longer than the moulds, with sides and ends the same
depth as the moulds. These plates being made warm the moulds can be place.l
on them, the sand made firm around them, and then filled lightly with wrought-
iron turnings, iron or steel wire rope, or other small pieces of iron or steel
according to the purpose for which it will be required. If about th part
of tin plate cutting or small pieces be mixed with the above it will much
improve the colour and closeness of the grain most desirable for engine
cylinders and other parts that are got up bright. The materials above described
being placed in the moulds litharge, borax, and saltpetre are to be mixed with
same in such quantities and proportions as will best answer the purpose,
but in general these proportions may be 2 ounces of each to the quantity of
iron above mentioned, though I do not confine myself to these proportions.
Also, pig iron of nature and quality in accordance with the purpose intended
is to be melted and poured into the moulds as above prepared, and will
surround, mix, and unite with the iron or steel and the litharge, borax, and
saltpetre therein contained, by which process if the pig iron be of high class
character according to the high class character of the iron to be made a very
superior class of iron will be produced.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Colborne Cambridge in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th October 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE, of the City of Bristol, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Colborne Cambridge, Her special licence that I, the said William
Colborne Cambridge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-BARS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE.
OF THE IRON TO BE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION THEREOF, THE IRON SO MANUFACTURED
BEING APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The aforesaid fire-bars I construct so that the air may be thoroughly
dispersed over and through the fire, that is to say, bars constructed according
to my present Invention have sides put on and slanting or skewed openings
between ribs raised at each side of the bar, the said openings tapering upwards
leaving at top portions of metal between such openings of greater thickness
than at the bottom of each of said bars, and these openings may extend across
from one side of the bar to the other, or they may be turned off at an angle, or

page_text: otherwise arranged; the length and strength of the said bars may be varied
according to circumstances. The ribs standing above the bar at the sides
may be of any height and thickness that may be needful, and very suitable
dimensions are half an inch rise above the surface of the bar, and a thickness
of half an inch on the level of the top of the bar bevilled off to the top of the
rib to facilitate lifting and moulding; these sides keep the fuel more hollow or
loose and cause the air to act more evenly and effectually through the fire,
thus producing more heat with less fuel.
My improvements in the manufacture of iron herein-before referred to
which I can use mixed with the same weight of other good cast iron, the iron
manufactured in accordance with my improvements: being specially useful for
making my said improved fire-bars, is to be made as follows:-In the first
place I prepare suitable moulds, say for instance, about 12 inches long,
5 inches deep, and 4 inches wide inside, the top to be about an inch thick
tapered to tbs of an inch at the bottom, or larger or smaller when required..
Plates of cast iron are to be made, about 1½ inch thick at the bottom,
4 inches wider and 5. inches longer than the moulds, with sides and ends the
same depth as the moulds; these plates being made warm the moulds can be
placed on them, the sand made firm around the same, and then filled lightly
with wrought-iron turnings,, iron or steel wire rope, or other small pieces of
iron or steel, according to the purpose for which the improved iron may be
required. If about one-sixth part of tin. plate cuttings or small pieces of tin
be mixed with the above it will much improve the color and closeness. of the
grain, so as to give it a character and appearance very desirable for engine
cylinders and other parts of engines or machines that are got up bright, the
materials above described being placed in the moulds litharge, borax, and
saltpetre are to be mixed with the same in such quantities and proportions as
will best answer the purpose, but in general these proportions may be two ounces
of each to the quantity of iron contained in the mould above mentioned, though
I do not confine myself to any proportions. Pig iron also of nature and
quality in accordance with the purpose intended is to be melted and poured
into the moulds as above prepared, and will surround, mix, and unite with the
iron or steel and the litharge, borax, and saltpetre therein contained; by this
process, if the pig iron be of high class character according to the high
class character of the iron to be made, a very superior class of iron will be
produced.
Although iron manufactured as above described is well adapted for use in

page_text: the construction of my improved fire-bars, yet I have found in my later
experiments that ordinary good strong cast iron without any admixture of
wrought iron will answer well, and bars may be produced thereof that will be
more economical in use than any others for all the ordinary uses of fire-bars;
therefore, I do not restrict myself to the use of my improved iron or any other
material, for my Invention consists as regards fire-bars in the construction
thereof with raised ribs and slanting or skewed or partly skewed openings, as
herein described, irrespective of the nature of the material employed in their
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a plan of the top of my new fire-bar; the parts marked B
are the skewed or slanting air openings between the raised ribs D, such
openings being at each end turned at an angle into a direction parallel with
the sides of the bar C, the metal between the openings which I recommend
to be five-eighths of an inch wide at the top, tapered to a quarter of an inch
wide at the bottom, more or less, if required.
Fig. 2 is a section of the bar cut throngh from A to A; the sides from the
top of the rib to the bottom of the bar should be 2½ inches deep, more or
less if required; the openings should be inch wide at the top tapering to
ths inch at the bottom, or more or less. The space between each bar is
regulated by the side projections E, situate at each end, also in the middle
when the length of bar requires the same, which side and middle projections
when two or more bars are brought together side by side leave the openings
between them three-eighths of an inch wide at the top and three-fourths of
an inch at the bottom. D is a raised rib half an inch raised above the top
of the bar and half an inch wide on the bottom of rib on the top of the bar,
more or less, if required, tapered to the top for moulding and lifting.
Fig. 3 is the end view of the bar shewing the raised ribs D half an inch at
the bottom of the rib at the surface of the bar tapered to a quarter of an inch
at the bottom of the bar itself, more or less, as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare
that I claim the said Invention as herein described, it being understood that
I do not claim the constituent parts or materials herein-before set forth,
per se, and apart from the purposes of my said Invention, and as regards
the fire-bars, I claim the construction of raised ribs used in conjunction with

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construction.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of October, in the
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
year
Witness,
WILLIAM COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE. (L.S.)
J. W. MCGAULEY,
Managing Director of the Inventors'
Patent Right Association, Limited.
Patentees' Agents.