Improved Method of and Apparatus for Moulding and Forming Holes and Screw Threads in Porcelain, Earthenware, and similar Articles.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 15th Mar., 1890
COMPLEIE DE MULTICATION.
Improved Method of and Apparatus for Moulding and Forming Holes
and Screw Threads in Porcelain, Earthenware, and similar
Articles.
1 GÜNTHER SCHOENAU of Hüttensteinach in the Duchy of Saxony Meiningen and
Empire of Germany Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to form holes through articles made of porcelain
earthenware and the like and when required to form screw threads in said holes during
the operation of moulding such articles.
According to this invention I provide suitable mandrels projecting into but capable
of withdrawal from the moulds or dies such mandrels being inserted into the moulds
before the articles are pressed and withdrawn therefrom before the moulded articles
are removed. When it is desired to cut screw threads in the articles the mandrels
have suitable threads formed thereon.
The accompanying sheet of drawings shews this invention applied to the manufacture
of electric wire insulator discs.
Fig. 1 is a plan of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is front elevation of same.
Fig. 3 section on line X X Figure 2.
Fig. 4 section through the mould or die D.
Fig. 5 section of the upper mould or die.
Fig. 4 is plan of insulator.
Fig. 4 is section on Z Z Fig. 1.
The same letters denote the same parts in all the Figures.
A is a base plate to which is secured by means of screws a a casting B having a
cruciform aperture or recess bb to which casting the plate C is secured by means of
the screws a¹ the mould D which may be of any suitable material and shape and has
not only the mandrels passing through it but also if desired may be provided with
pins or projections such as m for forming holes of other desired shapes, the mould D
is accurately fitted to the plate C.
To form those threads which pass vertically through the article I provide screwed
mandrels which pass through the bottom of the mould D and engage with suitable
female screws cut therein so that their rotation raises or lowers. the said mould.
To cause the simultaneous rotation in the same direction of the mandrels & I attach
to the lower ends thereof spur pinions d and d³ whereof d is driven by means of the
rack c (carried by the bearings ff the idle wheel d² being interposed between the
pinions d and d³.
If the article being moulded is to be provided with threads or holes at the sido
I provide suitable mandrels such as e e¹ at the side of the machine revolving in
bearings g h the threads e³ e thereon engaging with the part d' of the mould D the
extent to which the threaded portions project through the piece d³ determines the
length of thread formed by these mandrels.
After the article is pressed the screws e e¹ are withdrawn and disconnected from
the mould before the latter is raised.
If threads are to be cut from above I provide screw mandrels oo in the upper die
or mould see Figure 5 these mandrels being provided with pinions o gearing with the
rack 2: These mandrels move outwards before the pressure is applied and withdrawn
before the upper die or mould rises again.
In order to slightly loosen the article when pressed the mould D and the screws e³ e*
belonging thereto are not rigidly tixed but are capable of being raised by a lever i.
Fig. 4 is section on Z Z Fig. 1.
The same letters denote the same parts in all the Figures.
A is a base plate to which is secured by means of screws a a casting B having a
cruciform aperture or recess bb to which casting the plate C is secured by means of
the screws a' the mould D which may be of any suitable material and shape and has
not only the mandrels passing through it but also if desired may be provided with
pins or projections such as m for forming holes of other desired shapes, the mould D
is accurately fitted to the plate C.
To form those threads which pass vertically through the article I provide screwed
mandrels x x which pass through the bottom of the mould D and engage with suitable
female screws cut therein so that their rotation raises or lowers. the said mould.
To cause the simultaneous rotation in the same direction of the mandrels x I attach
to the lower ends thereof spur pinions d and d³ whereof d is driven by means of the
rack c (carried by the bearings ƒ ƒ the idle wheel d² being interposed between the
pinions d and d³.
If the article being moulded is to be provided with threads or holes at the side
I provide suitable mandrels such as e el at the side of the machine revolving in
bearings g h the threads e³ e thereon engaging with the part d³ of the mould D the
extent to which the threaded portions project through the piece d³ determines the
length of thread formed by these mandrels.
After the article is pressed the screws e e¹ are withdrawn and disconnected from
the mould before the latter is raised.
If threads are to be cut from above I provide screw mandrels oo in the upper die
or mould see Figure 5 these mandrels being provided with pinions o gearing with the
rack 2: These mandrels move outwards before the pressure is applied and withdrawn
before the upper die or mould rises again.
In order to slightly loosen the article when pressed the mould D and the screws e³ et
belonging thereto are not rigidly fixed but are capable of being raised by a lever i.

page_text: The lever i takes under the mould D see Figs. 1 and 4 to limit the rise thereof stops
are provided on the spindles of the wheels d d² d³.
11 are narrow slots between the plate C and the casting B permitting material
falling from the rim of the mould D to escape. On the plate C there is a sheet metal
plate receiving the material to be worked up and also preventing the material reaching
the working parts of the mechanisın.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows :—
The apparatus above described is mounted on the bed plate of an open fronted
spindle press the upper die attached to the spindle or ram of the press and the upper
and lower dies accurately adjusted the lower die or mould is then filled with the
material out of which the article is to be formed such as porcelain earthenware or clay
to which some petroleum or other oil has been added the mould D heing in its lowest
position and the screws xx and also if required the screws e³ and e¹ projecting to the
greatest extent into the mould.
The upper die or mould is then brought down by means of the press upon the
bottom die or mould until the two meet and (unless the upper die or mould is likewise
fitted with screw mandrels) withdrawn.
If the upper die or mould is fitted with screw mandrels the same are drawn out of
the article being pressed by means of the gearing provided in the said die previous to
the withdrawal thereof.
After the upper die or mould is raised the screws e³e are drawn cut of the article p
by the loose crank handle e² then the lever i is slightly raised and the rack c operated.
By these means the mould D is raised and the article p is set free and may be lifted
out of the mould D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
I. Forming holes screwed or otherwise in articles made of porcelain earthenware
and similar material by means of mandrels inserted into the moulds or mould and
operated substantially as described.
II. The improved apparatus for producing articles of porcelain earthenware and
similar material having holes screwed or otherwise therein substantially as described
and shewn and operating in the manner specified.
Dated this Fourth day of February 1890.
BROWNE & Co.,
Agents for Applicant.