Improvements in Sandpapering and Buffing Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 1st Jan., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sandpapering and Buffing Machines.
I, THOMAS EDWARD KEAVY, of 249 North Fifth Street, Philadelphia, in the
county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawing
and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.
This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in Sandpapering and
Buffing Machines, and has for its object to provide a device of this description
for use in connection with that class of buffing machines having a rotary spindle.
Considerable difficulty has heretofore been experienced in the use of abrading
material, such as sandpaper and emery cloth, for buffing shoes and the like, on
account of there being no practical method of utilizing said material directly from
the roll and so holding it to cause its cutting edges to lie substantially within a
true circle concentric with the axis of revolution of said chuck, but
have over-
come these obstacles by my improved chuck which consists in the details of con-
struction and combination of elements hereinafter set forth and then specifically
designated by the claims.
In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may
understand how to make and use the same, I will describe its construction and
operation in detail, referring to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this
specification, in which-
Fig. 1, is a side view of my improved chuck;
Fig. 2, a section at the line x, x, of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3, a bottom view;
Fig. 4, a section at the line z, z, of Fig. 2, and
Fig. 5, a section at the line y, y, of Fig. 4.
Referring to this drawing in detail, A represents the body of the chuck which
is provided with a cross-bar B, having a hole C formed therethrough, by means
of which it may be attached to the spindle of a buffing machine of the character
before mentioned, and D represents a passage which extends from the interior
of the chuck through the bottom thereof.
Formed with or secured to this body is a circular disk E, 'the size of which is
sufficient to hold a proper amount of abrading material, as hereinafter set forth.
Formed upon the upper surface of the disc are two ribs F, which lie at right angles
to the passage D, and these ribs serve as housings between which the compres-
sible pads G are held, the latter being preferably of felt, or they may be of any
well known or suitable material; these pads are so curved upon their under
surfaces as to cause their edges to blend with the edge of the disc without pre-
senting abrupt lines, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and also have one of their
edges beveled in cross section, as indicated at H, for the purpose hereinafter set
forth.
Secured to each of the flattened sides of the body of the chuck is a plate I, held.
in place by means of the screws J, and these plates are so bent as to project slightly

page_text: outward at their lower edges and are of spring material, so that when compressed
and again released they will assume their original position. The clamps K, which
are two in number, are pivoted at L, one upon either side of the chuck, and
extend across the face of the plates-I, terminating in noses M, each of which latter
is provided with a notch N, adapted to be engaged with one of the eccentric pins 0.
The pins O are formed with the latch-rods P, which are held in suitable bearings
so as to be moved vertically, and each of said rods is surrounded by a coil spring Q,
adapted to normally hold it in a lowered position. The upper ends of the rods P
are provided with knobs R, by means of which they may be moved upward against
the action of their springs, and said knobs are located within the openings S,
formed for their reception.
From this description, the operation of my improvement will be as follows:
The abrading material T, which is preferably in long lengths, may be coiled
upon a suitable spool or spindle and is passed downward through the passage 1)
and each strip thereof turned outward against the under surface of one of the pads
and then upward over the edge of the disc, at which point the perimeter of said
disc is slightly cut away; so as to compensate for the thickness of the abrading
material, and these cut-away portions are formed eccentrically with said perimeter,
as clearly shown in Fig. 3, so that when the chuck revolves in the direction of the
arrow, the leading edge of the abrading material will be slightly below the true
circle of the perimeter of the disc, while the following edge of each of the strips
of the abrading material will be slightly above said circle.
The object of this arrangement is to prevent the catching of the edges of either
the abrading material or the cut-away portions of the disc upon the object which
is being buffed, which, as will be readily understood, would seriously interfere
with the proper workings of the device. After the abrading material has been
turned upward over the edge of the disc, its ends are split lengthwise in one or
more places, as indicated at U, so that by the overlapping of these strip portions
of the abrading material, that portion thereof which lies in contact with the edge
of the disc will be caused to assume the general curve of the perimeter of said
disc.
Now by carrying these stripped ends inward and turning them upward against
the outer surface of the spring plates I, the clamps K may be swung thereagainst
so as to prevent the withdrawal of said ends, and when the clamps are sufficiently
forced into place against the action of the spring plates, the eccentric pins O will
snap into the notches N by the action of the coil springs Q. After this has been
accomplished, the abrading material may be drawn tightly against the pads and
over the edges of the disc by the turning of the latch-rods upon their axes, which
will cause the eccentric pins to swing inward, thereby drawing therewith the
clamps. When the abrading material has thus been secured in place, it will be
seen that the chuck may be rotated without the liability of said material becoming
in anywise displaced, and a chuck of this construction when the abrading material
has been clamped thereto will permit of the buffing of all parts of the sole of a
shoe in one operation, in that the disc forms a true wheel and when rapidly
revolved will cause the abrading material to quickly cut away the surface of the
fore-part and shank of a shoe, and also admit of buffing said shank up to the
breast, which has heretofore not been possible by any buffing. machine, the usual
method being to rough out the fore-part upon one class of machine and finish said
fore-part and the shank upon another class of machine; and in very fine work it
often became necessary to finally finish the shoe by hand.
By the use of a large disc, the cutting capacity of the abrading material is
largely increased, in that the greater the distance of said materials from the
center of rotation, the faster will be its speed and consequently its cutting capacity.
In practice, I have found that by the use of my improved chuck a given surface
of abrading material will do a much larger amount of work than is possible when
used in connection with any other device.

page_text: To renew the surface of the abrading material which has become worn by use,
it is only necessary to draw the latch-rods upward, thereby disengaging the
eccentric pins from the notches in the clamps, and swing said clamps outward,
when new material may be drawn through the passage D and again clamped to
the body of the chuck, as before described. And it is to be noted that the pads
will be firmly held in place by the strips of abrading material being drawn there-
through..
While I have shown the plates I to be spring plates, it is obvious that the same
result would be brought about if strips were substituted for said plates, having
coil springs interposed therebetween on the body of the chuck, or rubber strips
placed in line with the clamps, so that the latter would bear thereagainst, it only
being necessary that the surface against which the clamps are brought to bear
will be capable of moving inward, so as to draw the abrading material tightly
over the edges of the disc."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a chuck of the character described, a disc having cut-away portions in its
perimeter in which strips of abrading material are adapted to be held, as specified.
2. In a chuck of the character described, a disc having eccentric cut-away
portions in its perimeter in which split strips of abrading material are adapted
to be held, as specified.
3. In a chuck of the character described, a body having a passage therethrough,
a disc carried by said body, said disc having cut-away portions in its perimeter,
pads carried on the under side of said disc, clamps pivoted to the chuck, spring
plates against which the clamps are adapted to bear, and latches for securing said
clamps against said plates, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In a chuck, a disc having cut-away portions in its perimeter, said cut-away
portions being slightly eccentric with relation to said disk, pads secured to the
under surface of said disc, and clamps pivoted to the chuck, whereby strips of
abrading material may be secured in place, and the edges thereof prevented from
catching upon the object being buffed, as specified.
5. A chuck consisting of a body having formed therewith a disc, ribs upon the
bottom of the disc, said disc having a central slot and portions of its perimeter
cut away eccentrically, pads held between the ribs on either side of the slot, spring
plates secured to the body of the chuck, clamps pivoted to said body and provided
with notched ends, latch-rods slidable in suitable bearings in the body, eccentric
pins on the latch-rods to engage the notched ends, springs forcing the rods down-
ward, means for turning the rods, whereby the clamps are forced against the
spring plates, and strips of abrading material passed through the slot and over.
the pads having their ends split longitudinally to fit the cut-away portions, said
split ends secured between the spring plates and clamps, as specified.
6. The herein described combination of a body having formed therewith a disc,
ribs upon the bottom of said disc, said disc having portions of its perimeter cut
away eccentrically, pads held by said ribs, plates I secured to the body of the
chuck, clamps K pivoted to said chuck and provided with noses M, in which are
notches N, latch-rods held in suitable bearings, springs for forcing said rods down-
ward, and eccentric pins projecting from the lower ends of said rods, adapted to
enter the notches N, whereby when the rods are turned upon their axes the
clamps are forced against the action of the plates I, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
7. In. a chuck, a disc having a passage therethrough and provided with a cut-
away portion in its perimeter, strips of abrading material projecting through the
and having their ends split longitudinally, as and for the purpose
passage
described.
8. A buffing tool consisting of a disc, an opening therethrough, two sections

page_text: of abrasive material passed through said opening and drawn over the edges of the
disc, and so split longitudinally as to approximately conform to the periphery of
said disc, substantially as described.
... 11 FAL
1007
J. P. BAYLY,
18 Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for Applicant.