IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE- PARING COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING IRON AND OTHER SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Browning, of Bristol, in the County
of Somerset, Painter, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE-
PARING COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING IRON AND OTHER SHIPS' BOTTOMS
AND OTHER SURFACES."
Sealed the 9th March 1858, and dated the 18th January 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Browning
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 18th January 1858.
I, HENRY BROWNING, of Bristol, in the County of Somerset, Painter,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PREPARING COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING IRON AND OTHER SHIPS' BOTTOMS
AND OTHER SURFACES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of combining white or red lead without oil,
black lead, and sugar of lead with gum copal dissolved in spirits of
turpentine. This compound is peculiarly suited for the first coating,
and I have found that the sugar of lead may be reduced in quantity or
left out for the subsequent coatings.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Browning in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th July 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I.
HENRY BROWNING, of Bristol, in the County of Somerset, Painter. send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry Browning, Her special
licence that I, the said Henry Browning, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Browning, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, sliould at any time agree-with-and-no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during-the-term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise; and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and-Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Maii, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN PREPARING COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING IRON AND OTHER SHIPS BOTTOMS
AND OTHER SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Henry Browning, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of tlie said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said.Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said. Henry Browning, do hereby
declare the nature of the said-Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described, and, ascertained in and.
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention-consists of combining white or red, lead without oil,
black lead, and sugar of lead with gum copal dissolved in spirits of
turpentine. This compound is peculiarly suited for the first coating,

page_text: and I have found that the sugar of lead may be reduced in quantity or
left out for the subsequent coatings.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood,
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means
pursued by me.
The proportions of the above-mentioned ingredients may be varied,
but I prefer to use them in the following proportions:-One part of
white lead by measure, one part by measure of red lead, one part by
ineasure of black lead, and one quarter part by measure of the sugar
of lead. If it be desired that the color of the paint should be lead
color the red lead is left out. These matters I grind with spirits of
turpentine, and, when for use, I add gum copal dissolved in turpentine
(white copal varnish), and in this state I apply the combined matters
as a paint to the coating of ships' bottoms, applying a thin coating at
first, and I leave out the sugar of lead in the second and subsequent
coatings.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I make
no claim to the use of the separate matters as paints; but what I claim
is, the combination of materials herein described for coating iron and
other ships' bottoms and other surfaces.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Browning, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
5
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
HENRY BROWNING. (L.S.)