IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REVOLVING WINDLASSES, BARRELS, SPINDLES, SHAFTS, AND FOR PUMPING
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
GEORGE HENRY TAUNTON, of Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, Civil
Engineer, send greeting,
WHEREAS Her present Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of January (One thousand eight hundred
and forty-five), in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William George Henry Taunton,
my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said William George Henry Taunton, my exors,
admors, and assigns, and such others as 1, the said William George Henry
Taunton, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in the
Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her
Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR REVOLVING WINDLASSES, BARRELS, SPINDLES, SHAFTS, AND FOR
PUMPING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me,.
the said William George Henry Taunton, to particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and to cause
the same to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said

page_text: in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Henry Taunton, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, as the same are described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters of
reference marked thereon respectively, that is to say:
This Invention consists in and has reference to certain improvements in
windlasses or other machinery where revolving barrels are employed for
raising weights; and in order that these improvements may be perfectly
understood and readily ascertained, I will now proceed to describe the
arrangement and combination of parts which I find in practice to be well
calculated for carrying out this Invention, and which arrangement will be
found to answer extremely well in practice. It should here be observed,
that, although these improvements are shewn as applied to a ship's windlass
only, it will appear evident that such an arrangement and combination of parts
is susceptible of various modifications applicable to the purpose of raising
weights generally, and this without departing from the spirit or principle of
this Invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Figure 1 represents a front view of a ship's windlass, with the im-
provements above mentioned and hereafter fully described, attached thereto.
The Figure 2 shews a vertical section, taken through the line A, B, in the
Figure 1, and exhibits a side view of some of the parts employed for
giving motion to the windlass. The Figure 3 represents a plan view of
the windlass, shewing the improvements attached thereto. The Figures
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, exhibit some of the principal parts of
the said improvements detached from the windlass; to shew more clearly
their construction. Similar letters of reference are placed upon and denote
corresponding parts in all the Figures. At the Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, A, A,
marks two windlass bits, which should be securely fixed to the deck of
the vessel; these windlass bits have cups or bearings attached thereto of
peculiar construction, as hereafter described, for supporting the barrel B, B,
the axle or windlass spindle of which revolves freely in the said cups or
bearings. Around the barrel B, B, is fixed a pall wheel C, of the ordinary
construction, as also the ratchet wheels D and E, the teeth of which are very
near to each other.
In connection with these last-mentioned wheels are

page_text: recessed segments F, F, the peculiar construction of which, as shewn at the
Figure 9, is as follows:-At one part of the large recessed segment F, and,
at the curved portion thereof, an opening is made to receive the small recessed
segment F*; this segment should be made somewhat smaller than the opening
in order that the teeth formed upon the curved side of this segment may
readily adapt themselves to the corresponding recesses or indentations formed
around the periphery of the ratchet wheel D, and this when the teeth of the
large recessed segment F are at about midway between the teeth on the
ratchet wheel; the arrangement of the several parts employed for transmitting
motion to the ratchet wheels D and E, and the barrel around which they are
fixed, is shewn at the Figures 1, 2, 3, where G marks a pall bit, the lower
extremity of which should be securely fixed to the deck of the vessel; at the
upper part of this pall bit the casting II is securely fixed, and so constructed
as to receive the sliding pedestal I, which is actuated in the manner hereafter
described; to these pedestals the lever box K is connected by the pin L,
which is the fulcrum thereof; into this lever box, and at each end thereof, the
lever handles M, M, are to be inserted when it is required to work the
windlass, and are secured thereto by pins 1 and 2, see Figure 1. Depending
from the lever box K are the shackles N, N, to which are connected the
rods O, O, the lower extremity of each of which terminates in an eye, which
carries a shackle P, through which a pin Q passes for supporting one end of
a pressing bent lever R, shewn detached at the Figare 10; this lever has its
fulcrum upon a pin 3, shewn at the Figure 2, and the detached Figure 10
is screwed between the cheek plates S, S, which embrace the ratchet wheels
D and E; the said plates may be connected together by bolts, screws, or other
convenient means. In order to prevent unnecessary friction of the shoulders
of the barrel B, B, or, in other words, those parts which are divided by the
interposition of the windlass bits A, A, the spindles, axle, and cups or bearings,
at those parts are constructed in manner following:-The bits A, A, have
openings formed therein, as shewn at Figure 4, to receive the cups T, T, the
construction of which is shewn detached at the Figure 11, at which Figure it will
be seen that the cup is constructed with three sides, the fourth side being formed
by a bolt passed through holes in the upper and lower parts thereof as shewn.
To insert the cup into the opening in the bit A the front part A of the bit is
pade movable; the bearings of the axle or spindles are constructed as shewn at
the Figure 12, which exhibits two collars 3, 4, formed upon the axle to keep it in
its place. By this arrangement it will be seen that one or other of these collars,
which are situate at each end of the barrel and at the outer side of the cups
T, T. presses against the inside or outside of the cups, according to the direction of

page_text: the strain upon the said barrel, and thus the barrel is prevented from binding
by forced contact of the shoulders thereof against the bits A, A, whereby much
unnecessary friction is prevented; or the same effect may be obtained by 'con-
structing the said axle or spindle with a single collar working in bearings,
having suitably formed: recesses to receive the same. The friction of the
bearing parts of the axle is also considerably diminished by the arrangement
above described and shewn at the detached Figure 11, where it will be seen
that the axle or spindle can only touch at two points, 5 and 6, of the cups
T, T, at one and the same time. The moveable part A of the bit A is
secured to the fixed part by a bolt U, passing through the bit, as shewn at the
Figures 1 and 4. The opposite end of the bolt is secured by a screwed nut
or other convenient means. The above arrangement and combination of parts
which constituite a ship's windlass is actuated in manner following:-Power
being applied to the handles M; M, in an upward and downward direction, will
produce reciprocating movement of the levers R, R, situate at each side of the
pall bit, as shown; the opposite ends of these lovers pressing against the outer
edges of the large recessed segment F, F, will cause the inner or curved
jagged edges thereof to enter the indentations formed in the peripheries of the
ratchet wheels D and E. It should here be observed, that, when this is the
case, the small segment F will not touch or have any effect upon the teeth of
the ratchet wheels D and E, but will remain loose in the large. segment, and
the teeth in the small segment will be about midway in the indentation on the
ratchet wheel; thus it will be seen that the two segments F and Fare never
in close contact with the teeth on the ratchet wheel at one and the same
time, the intention of this arrangement being to prevent loss of time, which
would otherwise occur from the levers M, M, moving through the space or
distance between one tooth and the next without. advancing, the ratchet
wheel or wheels; as the levers R; R, are alternately raised, they will, so long
as they are actuated, cause continuous rotary motion. of the barrel B, B, and
as the said levers are alternately depressed, the pressure of the opposite ends
thereof being removed from the recessed segments, the teeth or jagged curved
surface thereof will fall by their own gravity upon the piece Y, Y; and allow
the teeth on the ratchet wheels to pass freely, and the teeth of the segments
will only be brought into close contact with the indentations on the ratchet
wheels by the upward movement of the said levers, whence the necessary.
motion for weighing anchors or raising other weights where barrels are
employed for that purpose. The barrel is prevented from moving backwards
by palls 9, 10, 11, of the ordinary construction. When it is required. to
increase the power during the working of the windlass without stopping it for

page_text: that purpose the same may be effected by turning round the crank handle V,
which fits upon one end of a quick threaded screw W, mounted on suitable
bearings. At each end of the casting H projections are formed at the under
side of the sliding pedestal I, which fit into the spaces between two or more of
the threads of the screw W. Thus, according to the direction in which the
crank handle and screw W is turned, the sliding pedestal I will be caused to
advance, together with the connecting rods and shackles attached thereto;
the
lower extremities of the said rods, sliding along the under sides of the levers, will
place themselves in a plumb line, or nearly so, and the amount of leverage
increased or diminished thereby. In the case of a vessel riding at anchor the
riding chucks or picces X, X, shewn at the Figures 1, 2, 6, are to be placed
at the under sides of the picces Y, Y, which are fixed to the check plates
S, S, see Figure 5; such chucks being retained in this position by keys or
blocks, Z, Z, of ordinary construction, as shown at Figures 2, 3, and 13.
The Drawing No. 2 exhibits several views of a mechanical arrangement or
combination of parts constituting an apparatus applicable to the purposes of
working ships pumps. The Figure 1 exhibits a side elevation of the said appa-
ratus. The Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof at A, in the Figure. 1. The
Figure 3 is a vertical section taken through the line B, C, in the Figure 2.
The Figure 4 is a plan view of the apparatus, the upper part of the framing
being removed. Similar letters of reference are placed upon and denote corro-
sponding parts in all the Figures, in so far as such parts are shewn or can
be respectively seen at the different Figures. A, A, marks the frames or
standards to be secured to the ship's deck. B, B, a shaft revolving in bearings
in the said standards. Upon this shaft the spur wheel C, C, and ratchet
wheels K' and L', are fixed. The spur wheel C gears into a pinion D, fixed
upon the shaft: E, E. Upon this shaft is also placed the recessed eccentric
wheels or cams F and G, employed for imparting motion to the
pump rods
H, H, I, I, and parts in connection therewith,, as hereinafter fully described..
To the framing A, and at the inner sido of each standard, an upper framing:
R, R, is fixed, at the top of which are brackets Q, Q, supporting the shaft
P, P, which revolves therein. From one end of this shaft a weight T is
suspended by the rod S; and the weight is adjustable upon and can be held,
to any desired part of the said rod by means of the screen U. The upper part
of the rod S should be rigidly connected to the shaft P, P, and in such manner
that the motion of the weight may readily adapt itself to the oscillations
variations of position of the ship. O, O, a lever box, rigidly fixed upon one.
side of the shaft P, P: Near each end of this leyer box, and at the under side.
thereof, the rods M and N. are connected thereto at their upper ends by
or

page_text: shackles, their lower ends being connected to the cheek plates K, K, and L, L,
by a pin or bolt, as shewn at the Figures 1 and 3. These cheek plates
embrace the ratchet wheels K, L, the construction and arrangement of which
is shewn in part at the Figures 2, 7, 8, and 9, in the Drawing No. 1; the
difference between the arrangements of the ratchets and segments exhibited
at the Drawing No. 1 and the Drawing No. 2, consists only in omitting the
pressure lever R, in the last-mentioned arrangement. The operations of this
apparatus are as follows:-Assuming the apparatus to be placed equidistant,
or nearly so, from the sides of the ship, it will be sufficiently obvious that any
rolling motion or departure from a horizontal position of the ship's deck from
larboard to starboard will produce the vibratory motion of the pendulum S, T,
and lever box 0, 0, (as denoted by the red lines), and consequently of the shaft
P, P, upon which they are fixed. Motion will be communicated from thence
to the rods M and N, and the parts in connection therewith, the rotary motion
of the wheel C, C, being effected in manner herein-before particularly
described, set forth, and represented in the Drawing No. 1. The pinion D,
gearing into the wheel C, will produce rotary motion of the shaft E, E, and
of the recessed excentrics or cams F, G. These excentrics or cams act upon
or are connected to the pump rods II, H, I, I, by constructing the said rods
with projecting pieces 1, 2, which clip or take upon the inner and outer peri-
pheries and edges of the said cams, and thus as the cams rotate they will
cause reciprocating movement of the pump rods II, H, and I, I, and the parts
in connection therewith, and so produce the necessary motion for working the
pumps. I would here remark, that, when the aforesaid rolling motion of the
ship is insufficient to produce the necessary vibration of the pendulum, the
pumps may be worked by manual labor, either by levers secured to the lever
box (in which case the weight T should be removed), or by keeping the
pendulum in vibratory action, either by putting upon or propelling the same.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim
the exclusive use of any of the separate parts above mentioned and referred to,
except in so far as they may be employed in combination and for the purposes
of this Invention, as the same is herein-before described. But what I do claim
as of my Invention is,―
Firstly, the construction and application of the curved recessed segments
F and F, shewn at the Figures 2 and 9, in Drawing No. 1, to ratchet wheels
when employed in connection with revolving barrels for raising weights, and
this in combination with the pressure lever R, shewn in Figures 2, 3, and 10
of the Drawing No. 1.

page_text: Secondly, I claim the mode and application of the mechanical arrangement,
shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, of Drawing No. 1, for sliding back and forward
the pedestal I and lever box K, together with the rods O, shewn in Figures 1
and 2 of the same Drawing, for increasing and diminishing the leverage, and
obtaining more power or speed during the action of the windlass without
stopping it for that purpose.
Thirdly, I claim the application of the riding chucks X, X, above referred
to, and for the purposes above mentioned.
Fourthly, I claim the mechanical arrangement above mentioned, as regards
the bearing parts of the axle or spindle upon which the barrel B moves, as
shown in the Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 12, of Drawing No. 1.
Fifthly, I claim, the mode of pumping, by causing rotation by means of
purchase wheels, as shewn in the Figures 1, 2, and 3, of the Drawing No. 1,
at D, F, F, R, S, S, and Y.
Sixthly, I claim the application of a pendulum to purchase wheels for
causing the rotation of the axle or spindle B of the several Figures of the
Drawing No. 2.
Seventhly, I claim the mode of working the pump rods H and I, in the
Figures of the Drawing No. 2, by means of an excentric or excentrics, shewn
at F and G, in the several Figures of the same Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William George Henry Taunton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
(L.S.) WILLIAM G. H. TAUNTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid William George Henry Taunton came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five.