Improvements in and connected with Road Carriages.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Road Carriages.
I, WILLIAM GERISH, of Blythburgh House, Southtown, Great Yarmouth, in
the County of Suffolk, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in road carriages and mainly consists in
providing improved means for locking the wheel or wheels of such carriages when
required, the said improvements being applicable to road carriages at present
in use.
In carrying out the invention I employ a pivoted lever or levers arranged to be
moved by a handle to operate a bolt or bolts adapted to engage with openings in a
circular flanged cast iron plate having tenons which are mortised or sunk into the
body of the nave or hub to which the plate is screwed. The nave of the wheel is
thus greatly strengthened as it is practically cased with iron.
In applying the apparatus to a cart it can be fixed on the top of the axle or,
where there is not sufficient space between the body spring and the wheel, the
apparatus can be fixed to the side of, the axle and can be easily adapted to or
removed therefrom. The handle for operating the bolt can be placed at any
suitable part of the cart; for tradesmen's or travellers' carts which are liable to
be frequently stopped when making deliveries the handle is advantageously placed
at the side so that it can be moved by the driver to unlock the wheel as he is
getting into the cart.
For vans, wagons and the like the locking device is arranged to be operated by
the driver from the dickey without leaving his seat, or in front, by a suitable
arrangement such as by means of a vertical rod operating a follower which
actuates a lever and moves the sliding bolt into or out of engagement with the
slots in the plate on the nave of the wheel.
In some
cases the locking arrangement is worked from the back of the van
by means of a jointed handle which turns down out of the way of the tailboard.
The handle is kept in the desired position by a spring.
The plate on the nave or hub can advantageously be provided with a number of
studs, which for convenience of renewal can be made separate and be passed through
holes in the plate and secured by keys. These pins serve to assist the starting of
the vehicle or assist the horse when going up hill by means of a jointed lever
which can be adapted to the sliding bolt and caused to bear against one of the
said studs.
Dated tho 22rd dow of Webruary 1892
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Road Carriages.
I, WILLIAM GERISH, of Blythburgh House, South Town, Great Yarmouth,
in the County of Suffolk, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in road carriages and mainly consists in
providing improved means for locking the wheel or wheels of such carriages when

page_text: required, the said improvements being applicable to road carriages at present
in use.
In carrying out the invention I employ a pivotted lever or levers arranged to be
moved by a handle to operate a bolt or bolts adapted to engage with openings in a
circular flanged cast malleable or wrought iron plate having tenons which are
mortised or sunk into the body of the nave or hub to which the plate is screwed.
The nave of the wheel is thus greatly strengthened as it is practically cased
with iron.
In applying the apparatus to a cart it can be fixed on the top of the axle or,
where there is not sufficient space between the body spring and the wheel, the
apparatus can be fixed to the side of the axle and can be easily adapted to or
removed therefrom. The handle for operating the bolt can be placed at any
suitable part of the cart; for tradesmen's or travellers' carts which are liable to be
frequently stopped when making deliveries the handle is advantageously placed
at the side so that it can be moved by the driver to unlock the wheel as he is
getting into the cart.
For vans, waggons and the like the locking device is arranged to be operated by
the driver from the dickey without leaving his seat or in front by a suitable
arrangement such as by means of a vertical rod operating a lever which actuates a
follower and moves the sliding bolt into or out of engagement with the openings in
the plate on the nave of the wheel.
In some cases the locking arrangement is worked from the back of the van by a
person standing on the ground by means of a jointed handle which turns down out
of the way of the tailboard. The handle is, kept in the desired position by
a spring.
The plate on the nave or hub can advantageously be provided with a number of
pins or studs, which for convenience of renewal can be made separate and be passed
through holes in the plate and secured by keys. These pins serve to assist the
starting of the vehicle or assist the horse when going up hill by means of a lever
which can be adapted to the sliding-bolt and caused to bear against one of the
said studs.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one side of a spring cart having my invention
applied thereto; and,
Figure 2 is sectional plan of my improved mechanism shewn in conjunction with
the wheel and axle:
Figures 3 to 7 are views illustrating details and hereinafter described; and,
Figures 8 to 10 are also views of details, the said figures however being drawn
to a larger scale :
Figure 11 is a side elevation shewing my improvements applied to a van; and,
Figure 12 is a plan view of the mechanism:
Figures 13 to 15 are views drawn to an enlarged scale illustrating the details of
the arrangement shewn in Figures 11 and 12; and,
Figures 16 and 17 are a plan and sectional view respectively illustrating the
arrangement wherein the apparatus is adapted to be worked from the rear of a van.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
a is the body of the cart or van, 6 is the axle to which my locking mechanism is
fixed, c the spring supporting the body upon the said axle, and d the wheel with the
hub or nave of which the locking bolt engages.
e is the locking bolt, and f the flanged cast or malleable iron plate which is
fitted upon the hub g of the wheel d as shewn most clearly in Figure 3 which
represents a sectional elevation of the said plate and hub. The flange of the said
plate has lugs or tenons h, upon its inner side as shewn in Figure 4 which
represents an elevation of one side of the said plate, the said tenons being adapted
to enter corresponding notches i, i formed in the hub to prevent the said plate from
rotating relatively with the hub. The notches i, i are shewn clearly in Figure 5

page_text: which represents one face of the hub. The face of the plate is provided with a
series of slots or openings, as shewn in Figure 6. (which represents the said face)
with one or the other of which slots the bolt e is designed to engage. In Figure 6
the plate is represented as provided with four slots but it is to be understood that
a greater or less number of slots may be employed as desired.
The bolt e slides at its end adjacent to the plate f in a guide k fixed to the
axle as shewn most clearly in Figure 7 (which is a section on the line 7-7 of
Figure 1) and at its other end the said bolt slides in a box also fixed to the axle
as shewn most clearly in Figure 8 which is a section on the line 8-8, Figure 2.
m is the rod through the medium of which the bolt is operated, the said rod at
its lower end being supported in the box and at its upper end by a bracket n.
o is a hand lever fitted to the rod m and serving to move the same to operate the
bolt. On the lower end of the said rod m within the box is a pivotted arm or
follower p, the free end of which engages with a recess e¹ in the bolt e in such a
manner that the movement of the hand-lever o serves to move the bolt to engage
with the plate for to disengage it therefrom. The said recess is shewn clearly at el
in Figures 8, 9 and 10, Figures 9 and 10 representing respectively sections on the
lines 9-9 and 10-10, Figure 8.
In order that the said bolt shall be retained in whichever position it may be
placed the follower p has upon its upper side a rib pl adapted to operate against
inclined surfaces formed upon the underside of a block 7 placed in a chamber
formed in connection with the box as shewn most clearly in Figures 8 and 9, the
said block being acted upon by a spring 2 and having on its underside a pin
designed to engage with one or the other of two holes formed in the bolt e.
The follower p has a certain amount of motion independent of the bolt e so that
during the first part of its motion in either direction the rib pl will act upon one or
the other of the inclined surfaces q, q and lift the block so as to disengage the
pin from the hole with which it is in engagement, the further movement of
the lever serving to move the bolt e in oue or the other direction as required.
Directly the block reaches either of its extreme positions the pin 2³ drops into
the corresponding hole g*.
When iny locking apparatus is applied to a van or other vehicle in which the
rod m cannot engage directly with the follower as hereinbefore described, the said
follower pis arranged upon the face of a guide for the bolt, secured to the axle.
in a similar manner to the box / and guide k, as shewn most clearly in Figures 131
and 14 (which represent respectively an end elevation and a side elevation of one
end of the rear axle of the van shewn in Figure 11) the said follower p engaging
with a pin e2 upon the bolt e and being operated through the medium of a lever r
pivotted at s beneath the van body, the said lever being bifurcated at one end so
as to engage with the free end of the follower p as shewn most clearly in Figures 13
and 14 whilst the other end is jointed to a levert fixed to the rod m. The lever t
works in a box u Figure 15 which is a section on the line 15-15 Figure 12 drawn
to an enlarged scale, the said box which is similar to the box herein before
described containing a spring-block q' with which a rib p' on the lever t engages
in the same manner as the rib b' described by reference to Figures 8 to 10.
It will be noticed that the lever is jointed at, this being for the purpose of
enabling the end of the lever in engagement with the follower p to remain
constantly in engagement with the said follower notwithstanding the extent to
which the body of the vehicle may be depressed owing to the weight therein.
When it is desired that the bolt should be operated from the back of the cart or
van the follower P
is arranged in conjunction with the bolt in a similar manner to
that shewn in Figure 14, and is designed to be operated by means of a hand-lever v
pivotted upon a pin w on the guide k', as shewn most clearly in Figure 16 which is
a plan of this arrangement, the said lever being preferably jointed so that the
handle end can be turned down out of the way, as shewn most clearly in Figure 17
which is a section ou the line 17-17 of Figure 16. In order to lock this lever v in
either of the positions in which it may be placed it is provided on its underside

page_text: 21
with a pin engaging in either of the two holes v², v² corresponding to the two
positions of the said lever, the lever being arranged to lift upon its pivot as indicated
by the dotted lines in Figure 17 in order to engage and disengage the pin v. is
a spring which normally tends to press the lever so that the said pin is in engagement
with one or the other of the said holes ².
y, y are the pins which I fix in the plate for the purpose of facilitating the
movement of the vehicle, for instance, up hill by means of a detached hand-lever,
the said plate being in this case made larger than would otherwise be necessary and
having holes formed therein into which the pins are fixed as shewn in Figure 14.
The method of applying the lever is shewn in Figure 13 where the said lever is
indicated in dotted lines by the letter z, one end of the lever being placed upon
the bolt e as a fulcrum and arranged to act against the underside of one or the
other of the pins y, y.
Although in the foregoing description I have described the hub as being pro-
vided with a plate f it is to be understood that the said plate may be dispensed
with, holes being formed in the hub itself in which the bolt can engage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with a road carriage of a bolt sliding in suitable guides
upon the axle and adapted to be engaged with a slotted plate fixed to one of the
wheel hubs or in the hub itself in order to lock the said wheel relatively with the
axle, the said bolt being operated by means of a lever preferably within reach of
the driver, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a road carriage, of a bolt sliding in suitable guides
upon the axle and adapted to engage with a slotted plate on the hub of one of the
wheels, the said bolt being operated from the interior of the vehicle, all substantially
as described by reference to Figures 1 to 10 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination with a road carriage of a sliding-bolt adapted to engage
with one of the wheels, the said bolt being arranged and operating substantially
in the manner herein before described and illustrated in Figures 11 to 15 of the
accompanying drawings.
4. The combination with a sliding-bolt arranged and operating substantially as
hereinbefore described of means for moving the said bolt substantially as described
by reference to Figures 16 and 17 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In a road carriage provided with means for locking a wheel of the same in
the manner hereinbefore described, the arrangement upon the slotted plate fixed
to the hub of the said wheel of pins such as y, y substantially as, and for the
purpose, described.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.