Improvements in Stock Pots and in the Manufacture of the same, in Part Applicable to Certain other Sheet Metal Culinary Utensils.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 27th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 29th Nov., 1887
Improvements in Stock Pots and in the Manufacture of the
same, in Part Applicable to Certain other Sheet Metal
Culinary Utensils.
I, SAMUEL JAMES FELLOWS, of Vulcan Works, Wolverhampton, Staffordshire,
Wrought Iron Hollow-ware Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in those cooking utensils known as
"stock pots" and in the manufacture of the same which improvements are in part
applicable to other sheet metal culinary utensils such as oval and round fish kettles
and fish friers, stewpans, steamers for fitting on to saucepans and the like.
The first of my said improvements is applicable only to "stock pots" and it consists
in forming an outwardly and upwardly projecting lip or rim all round the top of the
pot and in making the lid which is preferably of the same diameter as the body of the
pot to fit within such lip, so that when in use any moisture caused by condensation
on the inside of the lid will run down inside the pot instead of running down outside
thereof as is the case in ordinary "stock pots" which are not provided with the said
lip. This part of my invention can be applied to cast metal "stock pots" as well as
to "stock pots" made of sheet metal.
The second of my said improvements refers to all of the hereinbefore named
culinary utensils which when made of sheet metal have heretofore usually been inade
of at least two parts, that is to say, the body of the vessel has been made of a strip of
sheet metal bent round and the ends brazed, soldered or otherwise fixed together
to form the sides of the vessel and a round or oval blank brazed, soldered or
otherwise fixed thereto to form the bottom. According to my invention 1 form the
sides of such vessels together without a joint or seam from a blank of sheet metal
(such as sheet iron, steel, brass or copper) by means of successive stamping or
pressing operations or both performed in suitable dies which gradually raise the metal
from the bottom to form the sides of the vessel and finish it to the required shape
and size.
"
When a lip is required to be formed around the top of a sheet metal "stock pot"
for the purpose above described, or a recessed bottom is required to be formed on a
steamer for fitting in a saucepan, I form such lip or recess by the dies which raise the
sides of the vessel being made of a corresponding shape, or separate dies may be used
after the vessels are otherwise finished.

page_text: Improvements in Stock Pots and in the Manufacture of the
same, in Part Applicable to Certain other Sheet Metal
Culinary Utensils.
1, SAMUEL JAMES FELLOWS, of Vulcan Works, Wolverhampton, Staffordshire,
Wrought Iron Hollow-ware Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to improvements in those cooking utensils known as
"stock pots" and in the manufacture of the same which improvements are in part
applicable to other sheet metal culinary utensils such as oval and round fish kettles
and fish friers, stewpans, steamers for fitting on to saucepans, and the like.
The first of my said improvements is applicable only to "stock pots" and it consists
in forming an outwardly and upwardly projecting lip or rim all round the top of the pot
and in making the lid which is preferably of the same diameter as the body of the pot
to fit within such lip, so that when in use any moisture caused by condensation on the
inside of the lid will run down inside the pot instead of running down outside thereof
as is the case in ordinary "stock pots" which are not provided with the said lip.
This part of my invention can be applied to cast metal" stock pots." as well as to
"stock pots" made of sheet metal.
This part of my invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawings by Fig. 1
which represents a "stock pot" and lid in section, the lid being removed, and by
Fig. 2 which shews the lid in position on the "stock pot."
A is the "stock pot" and a is the outwardly and upwardly projecting lip or rim
running round the top of the pot and large enough internally to admit the lid or
cover B (see Fig. 2) which is shown the same diameter as the body of the pot A, but
the lid may be either larger or smaller than the pot A. The rim of the lid rests upon
the set off a and it is provided with the usual handle or handles and may serve as a
frying pan similar to the ordinary lids of "stock pots." By the lid fitting inside the
pot any moisture caused by condensation in the lid will run down inside the pot.
The second of my said improvements refers to all of the herein before named
culinary utensils which when made of sheet metal have heretofore usually been made
of at least two parts, that is to say, the body of the vessel has been made of a strip of
sheet metal bent round and the ends brazed, soldered or otherwise fixed together to form
the sides of the vessel and a round or oval blank brazed, soldered or otherwise fixed
thereto to form the bottom. According to my invention I form the sides and bottom
of such vessels together without a joint or seam from a blank of sheet metal (such as
sheet iron, steel, brass or copper) by means of successive stamping or pressing
operations or both performed in suitable dies which gradually raise the metal from the
bottom to form the sides of the vessel and finish it to the required shape and size.
When a lip is required to be formed around the top of a sheet metal" stock pot" for
the purpose above described or a recessed bottom is required to be formed on a
steamer for fitting in a saucepan I form such lip or recess by the dies which raise the
sides of the vessel being made of a corresponding shape or separate dies may be used
after the vessels are otherwise finished.
Fig. 3.on the accompanying drawings represents in sectional elevation and plan a
seamless saucepan marked formed from a sheet metal blank according to my
invention; and Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 illustrate the various processes in

page_text: the manufacture of the saucepan C or of a "stock pot," fish kettle, fish frier, stewpan,
steamer, kettle body or other like culinary utensil, from a sheet metal blank and
Fig. 13 represents in elevation and plan one of the tools or dies used in the said
manufacture as hereinafter described. Fig. 3 is drawn to a larger scale than Figs. 4
to 13.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figs. 3 to 13, both
inclusive.
d is the sheet metal blank which, for forming a circular vessel such for instance as
the round saucepan C, would require to be in diameter about equal to the diameter
and twice the depth of the vessel C. This blank d is placed concentrically in a heated
state on a bottom die the upper surface of which is in the form of a truncated cone the
top of the die being about the same size as the inside of the required saucepan or the
like. The top die is concave and of similar shape to the bottom die. Such a pair of
dies are illustrated by Fig. 4, M' being the top die (the bottom part of which only is
shewn) and N' being the bottom die which latter is for convenience of manufacture
preferably made in two parts, that is to say, it consists of an outer ring N¹ and an
inner core or circular part 0 around which the ring N fits. By the top die M'
descending on to the bottom die N¹ the blank d is formed into the hollow truncated
cone e (see Fig. 11) the top of which will ultimately form the bottom of the required
saucepan or the like.
This truncated cone e is, when heated passed through the
various stages marked f, g, h, i, j, k and illustrated by Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
and 12 each pair of dies raising the sides of the cone from the central part or bottom p
of the vessel a step nearer to the cylindrical shape of the required saucepan or the like
which at it ultimately assumes in an inverted position. By making the central
part of the bottom dies separate from the outside parts the dies are less costly
to make as one central part serves for the whole series of dies. This last die O,
Fig. 11, has to be made slightly taper, that is to say it must be rather smaller at the
top than at the bottom to allow for the unequal contraction of the vessel which
thus being made slightly larger at the rim than at the bottom when hot, will, when
cold, contract into a perfect cylinder.
By raising the sides of the vessel from the bottom as above described the vessel is
maintained of an uniform thickness throughout.
When the vessel has reached the last stage the rough edges of the rim are sheared
off and if the rim is required to be wired that is done in the ordinary manner as it
forms no part of this invention.
1 prefer to use the conical projecting die as the bottom die as herein before described
and illustrated because the vessel in any stage will fit concentrically thereon, but I do
not limit myself to this arrangement as it is evident this die may be used as the
top die and the hollow die as the bottom die.
When the said vessels are required to be oval instead of being round I proceed
as above described but an oval blank is preferably used and the dies are made oval
to correspond with the oval shape of the vessel required to be formed.
Fig. 18 shews how a lip a may be formed round the top of a sheet metal "stock
pot "A.
A bottom die Q and a top die R are employed the bottom die being hollow
to take the "stock pot" and having a recess all round corresponding with the
outside of the required lip. The top die is rebated at 9 and made to fit in the
"stock pot" and lip. The "stock pot" is left bell-mouthed by the dies which have
last operated upon it so that on the top die R descending it enters the mouth of
the stock pot and forces it outwardly into the outside die thereby forming the lip a
as required.
[:
Figs. 14, 15 and 16 illustrate the method of forming a recessed bottom in a steamer
or in a range kettle body (the recess in this last instance being technically known
as a well) this kind of kettle body being shewn separately in sectional elevation and
in plan by Fig. 17. I take a kettle body s (or a steamer) which has been formed in a
piece from a sheet metal blank, as hereinbefore described, and by means of the top
and bottom dies T, UI bulge out the bottom and draw down the sides so that it now
assumes the shape shewn by Fig. 15. The body s as shewn by Fig. 15 is now placed

page_text: in the bottom die V (Fig. 16) which is of the same shape as the required recessed or
welled bottom u and when the corresponding top die W descends it forces out the
bulged bottom into the recess e and draws down the sides still further so as to form
the flat bottom above the recess or well t. The recess or well, bottom and sides
are thus formed out of a single sheet metal blank. When the recess t is required
to be but very little less in diameter than the bottom n, as in the case of a steamer
whose body is of the same size as the saucepan on which it is required to fit, the
dies V, W alone are required without the dies T, U the projection w on the top die
and the recess in the bottom die being made to suit the inside and the outside
respectively of the required recess in the bottom of the steamer.
It will be evident that the number of stages through which the blank passes in its
manufacture into the required vessel may be either more or less than the number
shewn by Figs. 4 to 12 as they will vary with the depth and size of the vessel
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declaro that what I
claim is:
3:
1st. A stock pot" having an upwardly and outwardly projecting lip round its rim
into which the cover of the "stock pot" fits for the purpose and substantially as herein
set forth and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
2nd. The herein before described improvements in the manufacture of sheet metal
"stock pots," saucepans, oval and round fish and other kettles, fish friers, stewpans,
steamers and other like sheet metal culinary vessels, consisting in forming the sides
and bottom of the said vessels together from a sheet metal blank by means of a series
of dies which first form the blank into or approximately into the shape of a truncated
cone (the top of which ultimately forms the bottom of the required vessel), and then
by successive operations raise the sides from the bottom of the vessel into the desired
form substantially as set forth.
3rd. The hereinbefore described improvements in the manufacture of sheet metal
"stock pots" consisting in first forming the sides and bottom of the "stock pot "
together from a sheet metal blank substantially as described and as claimed in the
preceding claim, and then by means of dies spreading out the rim of the same so as to
form a lip for the lid substantially as set forth.
4th. The hereinbefore described method of forming a recess or well in the bottom
of a sheet metal culinary vessel, consisting in working the same by means of dies
which first bulge out the bottom by drawing down the sides of the vessel and then
spread out the bulged part and the bottom into the required form substantially as set
forth and illustrated by Figs. 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the accompanying drawings.
5th. A "stock pot," saucepan, oval or round fish or other kettle, fish frier, stewpan,
steamer or other like sheet metal culinary vessel having the sides and bottom manu-
factured in a piece from a sheet metal blank substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
6th. A sheet metal steamer, or a sheet metal kettle or other like culinary vessel,
which has a recessed or welled bottom, manufactured in a piece from a sheet metal
blank substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Dated thin orth L
1007
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.