IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES, SHIRT STUDS, COLLAR STUDS, SLEEVE LINKS, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS.” PROVISIONAL SPFICATION left
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Candelent and George Adams, both of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Jewellers, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SOLITAIRES, SHIRT STUDS, COLLAR STUDS, SLEEVE LINKS, AND OTHER LIKE
FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by, the said Joseph Candelent and
George Adams at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th
March 1880.
"
JOSEPH CANDELENT and GEORGE ADAMS, both of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Jewellers. IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES, SHIRT STUDS, COLLAR
STUDS, SLEEVE LINKS, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS.”
Our said Invention relates to such solitaires, shirt and other studs, sleeve links,
and other like fastenings and ornaments as consist of two parts made to engage
with one another by being passed from opposite sides of the dress through holes in
the said dress, a stem on one part of the fastening taking into and engaging with a
tube on the other part of the fastening.
We construct and arrange the parts of the said solitaires and like fastenings in
the following manner:-
:-On the inner face of that part of the fastening, which
when in use constitutes the front of the solitaire or fastening, we fix a hollow or
tubular stem. The free end of this stem has ears or projections at opposite sides.
In the interior of the hollow stem is a coiled spring which in its expanded state is
somewhat longer than the said stem and protrudes in part therefrom. On the inner
face of the back part of the fastening we fix a tube somewhat larger than the stem
on the front part of the fastening, the said tube having on opposite sides hollow ribs
or channels of a size and shape suitable for the reception and passage of the ears
or projections on the stem. At the base of the tube a cross slot is made on one
side of each of the channels, the slot in one channel being in the side opposite to
that in which the slot is made in the other channel. Each of these slots opens into
a short longitudinal slot in the body of the tube. The two compound slots described
have a figure resembling the slot of the bayonet joint fastening.
-In-using-the-fastening the tube on the back part of the fastening is passed from
the back or underside of the parts of the dress to be fastened together through holes
in the dress, and the stem of the front part of the fastening is passed from the front

page_text: or outer side of the parts of the dress into the said tube, the two parts of the
fastening being pressed together. When the front part of the fastening has been
pushed home in the back part it is turned through a small angle. By this motion
the ears or projections on the stem have been passed along the cross slots in the
channels of the tube, and by the elasticity of the spring, which had been compressed
on pressing the two parts of the fastening together, the said ears or projections are
made to snap into the longitudinal slots in the tube, and the two parts of the
fastening are locked together. In order to unfasten the fastening the two parts
are pressed together and the front part turned through a small angle in a direction
contrary to that by which the fastening was effected. By this means the ears or
projections on the stem are brought into the channels or hollow ribs in the tube,
and the stem can be withdrawn from the tube and the two parts of the fastening
separated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Candelent and George Adams in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 25th August 1880.
JOSEPH CANDELENT and GEORGE ADAMS, both of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Jewellers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES, SHIRT STUDS, COLLAR
STUDS, SLEEVE LINKS, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS.'
Our said Invention relates to such solitaires, shirt and other studs, sleeve links,
and other like fastenings and ornaments as consist of two parts made to engage
with one another by being passed from opposite sides of the dress through holes in
the said dress, a stem on one part of the fastening taking into and engaging with a
tube on the other part of the fastening.
We construct and arrange the parts of the said solitaires and like fastenings in
the following manner:-On the inner face of that part of the fastening, which
when in use constitutes the front of the solitaire or fastening, we fix a hollow
or tubular stem. The free end of this stem has ears or projections at opposite sides.
In the interior of the hollow stem is a coiled spring acting upon a rod or piston
and tending to press it outwards. On the inner face of the back part of the
fastening we fix a tube somewhat larger than the stem on the front part of the
fastening, the said tube having on opposite sides hollow ribs or channels of a size
and shape suitable for the reception and passage of the ears or projections on the
stem. At the base of the tube a cross slot is made on one side of each of the
channels, the slot in one channel being in the side opposite to that in which the
slot is made in the other channel. Each of these slots opens into a short longi-
tudinal slot in the body of the tube. The two compound slots described have a
figure resembling the slot of the bayonet joint fastening.
In using the fastening the tube on the back part of the fastening is passed from
the back or underside of the parts of the dress to be fastened together through

page_text: holes in the dress, and the stem of the front part of the fastening is passed from
the front or outer side of the parts of the dress into the said tube, the two parts of
the fastening being pressed together. When the front part of the fastening has
been pushed home in the back part it is turned through a small angle. By this
motion the ears or projections on the stem have been passed along the cross slots
in the channels of the tube, and by the elasticity of the spring, which had been
compressed on pressing the two parts of the fastening together, the said ears or
projections are made to snap into the longitudinal slots in the tube, and the two
parts of the fastening are locked together.
In order to unfasten the fastening the two parts are pressed together and the
front part turned through a small angle in a direction contrary to that by which
the fastening was effected. By this means the ears or projections on the stem are
brought into the channels or hollow ribs in the tube, and the stem can be with-
drawn from the tube and the two parts of the fastening separated.
We will now proceed to describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawing,
the manner in which our Invention may be performed.
Figures 1 and 2 represent elevations, taken at right angles to one another, of a
solitaire or sleeve link drawn double the full size, the parts of the said solitaire or
sleeve link being constructed and arranged according to our Invention, and Figure 3
is a longitudinal section of portions of the same, the two parts of the solitaire in
Figures 1, 2, and 3 being represented fastened together; Figure 4 represents the
two parts of the solitaire disconnected from one another, the front part of the
solitaire being represented in elevation and the back part in longitudinal section ;
Figure 5 represents the front part in longitudinal section, and Figure 6 represents
in elevation and Figure 7 in plan the back part of the solitaire; Figure 8 repre-
sents à plan of underside of the front part of the solitaire, and Figure 9 represents
a plan partly in cross section of the two parts of the solitaire connected together,
the said Figure 9 illustrating the manner in which the ears or projections on the
stem of the front part engage with the slots in the tube of the back part for
fastening the two parts together.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawing.
The front part of the solitaire consists of a hollow disc a having on its inner face
a hollow or tubular stem b. To the free end of this stem ears or projections c, c, at
opposite sides are formed or fixed. The shape of these ears is best seen in the
elevation Figure 4, section Figure 5, and plan Figure 8. In the hollow stem ba
rod d works the said rod, being pressed outwards by the action of the coiled spring
in the hollow stem 6 upon a collar on the said rod (see Figure 5). The lower end
of the rod d protrudes through the face of the stem b as represented. The object
of the spring rod d is herein after explained. In the underside of the hollow head a
is a central depression e into which the flange on the tube of the back part takes
when the two parts of the solitaire are fastened together.
The back part of the solitaire consists of a disc f to which a tube g is fixed, the
said tube having on opposite sides hollow ribs or channels h, h, for receiving the
ears or projections c, c, on the stem b of the front part of the solitaire. The shape
of the hollow ribs or channels h, h, is best seen in Figures 7 and 9. The said ribs
or channels serve as guides to the ears or projections c, c, in the act of fastening
the two parts of the solitaire together. On opposite sides of the tube g are cross
slots i, i, each cross slot opening into the channel h, and also into a short longi-
tudinal slot k, as best seen in the sections Figures 3 and 4, and the elevation
Figure 6 of the back part of the solitaire. It will be seen by reference to the said
Figures 3, 4, and 6 that the compound slots i, k, at opposite sides of the tube g,
have a figure resembling the slot of a bayonet joint fastening.
The action of the parts is as follows:-The tube g of the back part of having
been passed through the holes in the cuff or part of the dress to be fastened the
stem 6 of the front-part a is passed into the tube g of the back part and the two
parts of the solitaire are pressed together, the ears or projections c, c, on the stem b

page_text: entering and being guided by the hollow channels h, h, in the said tube g. As the
ears or projections c, c, on the front part approach the bottoms of the channels h, h,
in the tube of the back part the rod d is forced inwards and its coiled spring
compressed by the end of the said rod bearing against the disc f, as seen in Figure 3.
The stem 6 of the front part has consequently a tendency to rise in the tube g of
the back part. When the ears or projections c, c, have been pushed home in the
tube g, they are situated opposite the cross slots i, i, opening into the channels h, h,
and by now turning the front part a, b, through a small angle in the direction of
the arrow, Figure 9, the ears or projections c, c, pass along the cross slots i, i, and
are brought opposite to and snap by the action of the spring in the stem b into the
longitudinal slots k, k, in the tube g, and the two parts of the solitaire are thereby
locked together, as seen in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 9.
To unfasten the solitaire the two parts are pressed together. By this motion
the rod d is forced into the stem b, and the ears or projections c, c, are removed
from the slots k, k, and brought into the cross slots i, i, and by now turning the
front part a, b, through a small angle in a direction contrary to that indicated by
the arrow, in Figure 9, so as to bring the ears c, c, into the hollow channels h, h, in
the tube g the unfastening of the solitaire is effected and the two parts may be
separated.
We apply our Invention to shirt studs, collar studs, and other like fastenings and
ornaments, substantially in the manner herein before described and illustrated with
respect to a solitaire or sleeve link.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our Invention,
the construction and combination or arrangement of the parts of solitaires, shirt
studs, collar studs, sleeve links, and other like fastenings and ornaments herein
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say,
making on the free end of the hollow or tubular stem of the front part of the
solitaire or article the ears or projections c, c, for engaging with the locking
slots i, i, k, l, in the base of the tube g of the back part of the solitaire, and the
combination with the hollow stem of the front part of a spring rod i for giving the
snapping or locking action to the ears or projections of the stem, also the com-
bination with the tube g containing the locking slots i, i, k, k, of hollow ribs or
channels h, h, for guiding the ears or projections c, c, of the front part to the locking
slots of the back part, substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Candelent and George Adams, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
HENRY GARDNER,
41, Watt Street, Handsworth.
JOSEPH CANDELENT. (L.S.)
GEORGE ADAMS.
(L.S.)