Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Grinding Grain.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Grinding Grain.
We, ROGER DANVIN and RAYMOND GIBORY, both of 42 Boulevard Bonne-
Novelle Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineers do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to apparatus designed for grinding grain in general and
principally wheat. The improved apparatus is used in flour mills in conjunction
with separating apparatus such as the bolters and sifters heretofore employed, and
form therewith a complete system.
In order that the nature of our invention may be properly understood we have
represented the improved apparatus in the accompanying drawing, wherein
Figure 1 is a diagram of a flour mill provided with our apparatus.
Figure 2 represents a longitudinal section of an apparatus serving either for
breaking or for grinding as hereinafter explained.
Figure 3 is one half an elevation and the other half a section of the same
apparatus.
Figure 4 shows a device for rolling the materials for the purpose of grinding
the same.
Our breaking apparatus, the object of which is to reduce the grain into groats
and bran, is substantially composed of a cylinder or drum A mounted upon a
bed-plate or frame and provided interiorly with plates B made of metal or other
haid materials and presenting projections on the inner surface. These plates are
arranged upon the greatest part of the interior periphery of the cylinder on
generatrices. The projecting parts of these plates B may be either rectangular
or triangular in section or have any other suitable form.
In the cylinder A we arrange a fan C having several vanes. The vanes of this
fan turn at a certain distance from the aforesaid plates so as to leave an annular
space D free in the rotation of the fan. The mass of air propelled by the fau
turning at a great velocity is directed in its entirety upon the interior periphery
of the cylinder by two discs or cheeks C' fixed to the lateral edges of the vanes,
and at the centre of which is a circular opening E for the passage of the shaft of
the fan and for the admission of the exterior air.
An admission orifice F for the materials to be treated is provided at the periphery
of the cylinder and comprises a distributor G suitable for the work to be done and
passing the materials to be treated into the annular space D tangentially to this
space. A second orifice H serving for the discharge of the materials treated is
likewise provided at the periphery of the cylinder and arranged tangentially to
the aforesaid annular space. A partition I arranged parallel to the generatrices
of the cylinder is designed to cut the space for diverting it towards the discharge
orifice and to establish a division between this discharge orifice and this admission
orifice.
At each extremity of the cylinder we provide a head J, at the centre of which
is formed a circular opening K designed for the passage of the shaft of the fan
and for the admission of the exterior air, the section of this opening varying with
the distance of the expansion chamber which receives the products, and als>
according to the nature of the material to be treated.

page_text: The apparatus which just has been described serves also for converting groats
into flour with the aid of a device for rolling the material already broken. This
device substantially comprises a pair of smooth cylinders L (Figures 1 and 4)
turning at an equal circumferential velocity and placed at an adjustable distance
from each other. It may either be mounted upon the breaking apparatus and
form a whole.with it so that the materials after having been rolled fall directly to
the distributor, or constitute a separate system treating the materials before they
pass again into the beforedescribed apparatus.to be converted into flour. A system
of blades M has for its object to detach the materials which may adhere to the
surface of the cylinders (Figure 4).
"Taking for example the reduction of wheat into flour the general arrangement
which constitutes our grinding apparatus substantially comprises (Figure 1).:
A breaking apparatus Into which the wheat previously cleaned by the customary
means is conducted. at F through pipes or chutes. The distributor G introduces
the wheat directly into the drum where it is taken up by the zone of air, and
projected on to the interior plates upon which it bursts. The product resulting
from this treatment is, discharged. at H and carried away by the air propelled by
the fan into the expansion chamber P, wherein it, is deposited, the excess of air
escaping at R through a discharge pipe.
The materials are then conducted to separating apparatus, such as the bolters
or sifters S, which separate therefrom the light bran as.in ordinary systems. The
portions of wheat not converted into free groats are conveyed to a second breaking
apparatus, similar to the first, and undergo the same operations as many times as
may be necessary for the materials under treatment to be entirely separated into
free bran and groats.
Then the groats are conducted to the rollers L which 'flatten them, whereupon
they are conducted to an apparatus II (similar to the breaking apparatus) wherein
they are submitted, in order to finish their transformation into flour, to a treatment
analogous to that of the wheat in the first operations. From the expansion
chamber P¹ they pass to the sifters and bolters S'. 'The finished flour is filled
into sacks T, and the refuse from the separating apparatus are caused to undergo
the same scries of operations until all the groats shall have been converted into
flour.
"Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
:-
First. In apparatus for grinding grain .as.hereinbefore.described the improved
arrangements whereby the, materials to be treated are introduced on a tangent.to
the circular zone of air propelled by the central ventilator, and discharged
on another tangent to this zone, the discharge determined by the tangential
arrangement of the orifice being completed by a partition. precluding any communi-
.cation between the admission.and discharge. orifices.
Second. In apparatus for grinding grain as herein before described.the.arrangement
which consists in, fixing discs or, cheeks laterally to the vanes of the fan, which has
the effect of directing the entire mass, of air on to the interior, periphery of..the
drum.
Third. In apparatus for grinding grain, as hereinbefore described: the addition
of a pair of smooth cylinders turned at an equal.circumferential velocity.and placed
at an adjustable distance from each other, which .cylinders have. for their object to
roll the materials previously treated, and may if necessary be operated separately
so that the conversion terminates in the breaking apparatus.
Fourth. In apparatus for grinding grain as.herein before.described the employment
of an expansion chamber arranged between each breaking or.converting apparatus
and the bolters or sifters, the said chamber having for its object to collect the
products resulting from the grinding, which are. deposited therein.by..the action of

page_text: the gravity while the air which has conveyed them escapes freely through a
suitable pipe.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.