A MACHINE FOR TH PEDITIOUS METHOD OF CASTING PRINTING TYPES, BY WHICH THREE MOTIONS OUT OF FIVE, MADE IN THE ORDINARY METHOD OF CASTING TYPES,AREVED
Year: 1809

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME OR CONCERN.
I, JOHN PEEK, of Charlotte Row, Fort Place, in the Parish of Saint Mary
Magdalen, Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey, Millwright, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-third day of January, in the forty-ninth year of
His reign, upon the humble petition of me, the said John Peek, did give and
grant unto me, the said John Peek, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, His
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
John Peek, my exors, admors, and assigns, and every of them, by myself and
themselves, or by my or their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or
such others as I, the said John Peek, my exors, admors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Dominion of Wales, and Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A MACHINE FOR TH
PEDITIOUS METHOD OF CASTING PRINTING TYPES, BY WHICH THREE MOTIONS OUT
OF FIVE, MADE IN THE ORDINARY METHOD OF CASTING TYPES, ARE SAVED," in
such manner as I, the said John Peek, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or any
of them, should in my or their discretions seem meet, and that I, the said
John Peek, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might have
and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to
.

page_text: time coming; growing, accruing, and arising, by reason of my said Invention,
for and during the term of years therein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise,
and enjoy the said licence, powers, privileges, and advantages therein-before
granted or mentioned to be granted unto me, the said John Peck, my exors,
adñiors, and assigns, for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen
years from the date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing,
and fully to be complete and ended, according to the Statute in such case made
and provided; in which said recited' Letters' Patent is contained a proviso,
obliging mic, the said John Peck, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause such instrument
in writing to be inrolled in the High Court of Chancery within one calendar
month next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, other-
wise the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and.
by the same Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Peek, do declare that the nature of my said Invention, as well as the
construction and application of my said machine, are ascertained and described
as follows (that is to say) :-
The nature of my said Invention consisteth in the application of certain
mechanical apparatus to the moulds now commonly used for casting printers'
types, thereby reducing the number of motions or manual operations necessary
to be performed by the type founder in casting each type; and whereas in the
ordinary mode of casting printers' types the application of the matrix to
the mould previous to the type -being cast requires three distinct motions or
operations to be performed in successive periods of time (that is to say):
First, after closing the mould the spring is placed upon the matrix;
secondly, when the type is cast the spring is removed; and, thirdly, the
inatrix removed or tilted. By the application of my said Invention these three
motions are saved, inasmuch as the first is performed at the same time the
mould is closed, and the two last in the same time and almost at the same
instant of opening it.
I now proceed the describe the construction of my said machine, and the
application thereof to the mould, for the purposes above mentioned; and
for better elucidation, reference is had to the annexed Drawing, wherein
Figure 1 is a representation of my said machine as it is constructed previous
to its being affixed to the mould, and consisting of two parts, one of which is

page_text: intended to be affixed to that part of the mould which is usually held in the
left hand, and the other part of my said machine to that part of the mould
usually held in the right hand; these two parts of the mould I shall herein-
after distinguish by the upper and under parts, that is to say, by the upper
part I mean the one usually held in the right hand, and by the under part
that which is held in the left hand. Figure 2d is a section or bird's-eye view
of the under part of the mould with the corresponding part of my said machine
affixed thereto. Figure 3d is a similar view of the upper part of the mould,
with the matrix, and the other part of the said machine. Figure 4th is a
representation of the mould in connection with my said machine, and their
relative position when the mould is closed ready for casting.
I shall now further and more particularly describe the various parts of my
said machine, its construction, the use thereof, and the mode of applying the
same to the mould. And that reference may be had with greater facility and
precision to the annexed Drawing, I have in cach Figure denoted the same
things by the same letters or figures of reference. The construction of the
upper part of my said machine, or that part which is affixed to the upper part
of the mould, for the purpose of holding the matrix, will be clearly understood
by inspecting the Drawing, where A, in Figure 1st, represents a brass or iron
plate, by which this part of the machine is affixed to the back of the plate,
and immediately under the board of the upper part of the mould, as repre-
sented by the dotted lines m, m, in Figure 4th; B is a square socket or clamp,
in which the matrix C is fixed by the screw D; E is a flat plate of metal
affixed to the socket B by the screw F, the said screw having a small handle
or leaver on one side at G, for the purpose of tightening or slackening the same
as occasion may require, the plate E to be raised or lowered; H is a small
spiral spring, attached to the plate A; one end of which spring acts against the
back side of the socket B, which is made higher than the other sides for that
purpose, and is shewn at a; the socket B, containing the matrix, is suspended
by two pivots b, b, projecting from each side thereof, and made to rest upon
and turn in two corresponding holes in the projecting parts c, c, of the plate A.
This is more clearly shewn by Figure 5th, representing a section or bird's-eye
view of that part of my said machine. By this conformation it will be readily
seen that the matrix may be turned in a direction at right angles with its face,
having the plane of its motion parellel with the sides thereof. It must here,
however, be observed that the holes in which the pivots b, b, rest must be
made sonewhat larger than the pivots themselves, and also that the distance
between the inside of the projecting parts of the plate A, through which the
pivots pass, should be greater than the width of the socket B, so that the

page_text: matrix may be at liberty to move sideways, or in the direction of the axis of
the pivots b, b. The object to be attended to in allowing the matrix to be
thus loosly suspended will be better understood by supposing the machine to
be applied to the mould, and the matrix held thereby in a proper position for
casting. The sockets B, and its pivots b, b, should not touch or bear upon any
part of the plate A, nor should there be anything to influence the position of
the matrix when properly pressed against the mould besides the registers and
stool commonly used for that purpose. And, furthermore, I do construct the
under part of my said machine, or that part which is affixed to the under part
of the mould, as follows, that is to say :-I, J, is a piece of iron or brass of
the figure represented in the Drawing, which piece I shall denominate and
herein-after distinguish by the appellation of the bolt; K, L, is a piece of
iron, of an appropriate shape, supporting the bolt I, J, and the leaver M, N,
and is affixed to the under part of the mould by the broad end K, in the same
manner as the piece A is affixed to the upper part of the mould, between the
plate and board, with the end L standing in the direction represented in the
Drawing. O and P are two pieces of iron, fastened together by means of the
screw Q; the piece O is connected with the piece K, L, by a joint at a, upon
which the pieces O and P turn, having the plane of their motion in the same
direction and parallel with that of the matrix. S is a spiral spring, coiled
round the bolt, having one of its ends fastened to the bolt at h, the other
pressing against the end of the piece K, L, at c, and by its pressure pushing
the end of the bolt against the matrix, thereby keeping the matrix close to the
mould. The bolt is made to slide freely backward or forward in the two holes
ate and f, through which it passes, and in a direction nearly at right angles
with the face of the matrix, and is prevented from turning by the bolt and
hole at f, being of a rectangular shape. In order that the end of the bolt may
be readily adjusted and made to act properly against the matrix, the screw Q
may be slackened, and the piece P moved into any position required and
again fastened by the screw. M, N, is a leaver, the shape and position of
which are exhibited in the Drawing, and is connected with the piece K, L, by
a joint at g.
I shall now more particularly describe the application and use of my said
machine in connection with the mould; and for the more easily understanding
the same, I will suppose the machine to be fixed to the mould, the mould to be
closed, the matrix in its place, and a type to have been cast. The founder or
caster holding the mould, as usual, in the left band, removes his thumb from
the upper part of the mould and immediately places it upon the longer end of
the leaver at M and presses it towards the mould; the other end of the said

page_text: leaver by this means is made to act against the piece-0, and with it to
push the bolt back from the matrix. It will be perceived; by inspecting the
Drawing, that upon the upper side, and near the end of the bolt. next the
matrix, there is a notch or catch, into or against, which the bottom or lower
edge of the piece or plate E falls on the mould being closed. It will,' there-
fore, be evident, that on pushing back the bolt the piece or plate E will be
drawn back likewise, and cause the matrix and the socket B to turn upon the
pivots, in the direction above described, to any angular, distance that, may be
found most convenient. The matrix being thus drawn back to the required
distance, it is held in that angular position by the small spiral spring H, acting
against the back part of the socket, as above described, until the mould is
reclosed, and the matrix again pressed down by the bolt. The castor having
thus pressed the end of the leaver towards the mould, and by that means
drawn the matrix from the face of the type, he immediately takes off the upper
part of the mould with his right hand and picks out the type, as usual, con-
tinuing at the same time to press the end of the leaver with his thumb until
he recloses the mould.
Notwithstanding I have, as before described, and in the annexed Drawing
exhibited, a certain conformation and construction, and a particular mode of
applying the several parts of my said machine as being that which I deem the
best, yet I sometimes vary the arrangement of the said parts, as well as the
construction and application thereof, so as to produce the same effect; that is to
say, I affix the whole of my machine to the upper part of the mould in such a
manner that when the caster takes hold of the upper part of the mould with
his right hand, he at the same time tilts or draws off the matrix by pressing
the leaver with his fingers, the leaver being conveniently placed at the side or
top of the mould for that purpose.
And, lastly, I do declare that I do make the several parts of my said machine
of steel, iron, brass, or any other fit material.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal the Seventeenth
day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and nine.
JOHN (L.s.) PEEK.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named John Peek, in the presence of
NATH DAVIES, Lothbury.
HENRY PLUTTS, Clerk to Mr. Nath' Davies.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of February, in
the year of our Lord 1809, the aforesaid John Peek came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to
the tenor of the Statuto made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Eighteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and nine.