An Improved Instrument or Improved Instruments which when Used in Combination with Screw Keys or Wrenches will Screw or Unscrew or Rotate Pipes and other Cylindrical Articles.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accented, 23rd Feb.. 1889
An Improved Instrument or Improved Instruments which when
Used in Combination with Screw Keys or Wrenches will Screw
or Unscrew or Rotate Pipes and other Cylindrical Articles.
I, ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, of the firm of Henry Wallwork & Co., of Union
Bridge Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Iron-
founders, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, to be as follows
My invention consists of one or more cylinders or rollers formed of steel and tooth
roughened or serrated on the peripheral surface and then hardened so that the teeth or
serrations will bite upon the surface of the pipe or other cylindrical article to be
rotated and against the jaw of the screw key or wrench to be used. These tooth
surfaced hard steel rollers, are made in two or more sizes and can be conveniently
carried in the pockets of the workman, and when used the wrench employed must have
its jaws wider apart than the diameter of the article to be rotated ono of the hard
steel toothed rollers of suitable diameter being placed between one jaw of the wrench
and the surface of the article so that when the screw key is turned the toothed hard
steel roller rolls, and this causes its teeth to bite upon the surface of the jaw and article
and hold with sufficient firmness to rotate it.
I prefer to make these toothed hard steel rollers in sets of 'two or three with holes
through their axes or pivots on their ends so as to be secured in two side frames of
thin metal which keep the rollers together but allows them to be placed on the jaw of
the screw key and to freely rotate as above explained when in use.
In some cases the side frames are made elastic or with spring to hold and be attached
to the jaw of the wrench.
In wrenches having one jaw adjustable, one toothed hard steel roller need only be
used, and it is or may be connected with the jaw, so as to be turned into position
when to be used as a pipe "dog" or for rotating cylindrical articles, or turned to one
side when the wrench is to be used for its ordinary purpose as a wrench.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1888.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.

page_text: An Improved Instrument or Improved Instruments which when
Used in Combination with Screw Keys or Wrenches will Screw
or Unscrew or Rotate Pipes and other Cylindrical Articles.
I ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, of the firm of Henry Wallwork & Co., of Union
Bridge Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Iron-
founders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention consists of one or more cylinders or rollers formed of steel, and
toothed roughened or serrated on the peripheral surface and then hardened so that the
teeth or serrations will bite upon the surface of the pipe or other cylindrical article to
be rotated and against the jaw of the screw key or wrench to be used.
These tooth surfaced hard steel rollers are made in two or more sizes and can be
conveniently carried in the pockets of the workman, and when used the wrench
employed must have its jaws wider apart than the diameter of the article to be rotated
one of the hard steel toothed rollers of suitable diameter being placed between one
jaw of the wrench and the surface of the article so that when the screw key is turned,
the toothed hard steel roller rolls, and this causes its teeth to bite upon the surface of
the jaw and article and hold with sufficient firmness to rotate it.
I prefer to make these toothed hard steel rollers in sets of two or three, with holes
through their axes or pivots on their ends so as to be secured in two side frames of
thin metal which keep the rollers together but allows them to be placed on the jaw of
the screw key, and to freely rotate as above explained when in use.
In some cases the side fraines are made elastic or with spring to hold and be attached
to the jaw of the wrench.
In wrenches having one jaw adjustable, one toothed hard steel roller need only
be used and it is or may be connected with the jaw so as to be turned into position.
when to be used as a pipe "dog" or for rotating cylindrical articles, or turned
to one side when the wrench is to be used for its ordinary purpose as a wrench.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a frame carrying three hardened steel toothed, serrated or
roughened rollers or cylinders.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of a frame having two similar rollers or cylinders, and
fig. 3 a view of the frame shown by fig. 2 and at a right angle thereto, a longitudinal
section of one roller being shown.
Fig. 4 is a view in the same plane as fig. 3 of one roller, the axle pin of which has
thin elastic sides rivetted or otherwise attached to it.
Fig. 5. represents the side of a screw key or wrench, showing the application of
the hardened steel rollers, for screwing or unscrewing or rotating pipes, or other round
articles. .

page_text: Fig. 6 shows the application of one hardened steel roller when used with a screw
key, wrench or "dog with an adjustable jaw.
In fig. 1, the hardened steel rollers a, having their surfaces roughened or serrated
are of three different diameters, each roller a, has or may have. a hole through the
axis for an axle pin a', which is rivetted to thin sides of metal a², thin steel plate by
preference.
The rollers a, may in some cases be solid, and with a pivot at each end, but rivetted
or otherwise secured so that the pivots will rotate freely in the holes in the thin side
frames, but I prefer them with a hole through their axes for the axle pin as above
explained, except when of small diameter.
The two roller frames shown by figs. 2 and 3 and the single rollers shown by fig. 4,
and in fig. 5, are each supposed to be constructed with a hole through the axis of each
roller (when made sufficiently large in diameter) for the axle pin a'.
In some cases the two side frames a², are or may be formed with a projection or
bulge a³, in each side of the thin plates as shown by dotted lines in figs. 2 and 3 and
as shown in figs. 4 and 5, for the purpose hereinafter explained.
In fig. 5 the screw key or wrench b, is supposed to be applied to a pipe c, and one
roller a, of the two roller frame shown by figs. 2 and 3, (though one roller of the three
roller frame may be used) is applied between one jaw of the screw key or wrench and
the pipe
and it will bite upon the jaw of the wrench and surface of the pipe c,
when the wrench is rotated in the direction shown by the arrow on fig. 5.
If the side jaws of the wrenches are made with one or more shallow holes say
at 61, fig. 5 and the sides of the frame a³, are of elastic steel the bulge a³, above
referred to will enter the shallow holes 6', on the jaw, when the frame a², is forced
or sprung upon the jaw as the elastic sides of the frame will give way to allow
this, and then clip the jaw and will be held thereon so as not to fall from it.
In fig. the frame illustrated by figs. 2 and 3 is shown applied to the jaw of the
wrench as above explained in peculiar dotted line.
In fig. 6 one roller a, with two side frames a², is shown in use-Each side
frame a², is slotted for a screw b², to pass through, screwing into a hole in the
movable jaw 6, of the "dog"-This arrangement leaves the roller a, free to move
on the face of the jaw and allows of the roller being turned away from the jaw
when the wrench is to be used to turn screw nuts or other flat sided articles.
This fig. 6 also illustrates in peculiar dotted lines the application of the roller a,
with side frames shown by fig. 4, which side frames are formed of elastic steel
plate bent and with a bulge or projection near each end at a³, as shown.
For the use of the roller and frame shown by fig. 4 there is a shallow channel b¹,
formed on each side of the jaw and the roller frame a², is forced or sprung upon
the jaw until the bulges or projections a³, enter the channels 61, (one on each side of
the jaw) which thus hold it upon the jaw and allow it to operate, or the roller to
be brought into the position shown by the dotted circle a', on fig. 6, when the wrench is
to be used for acting upon screw nuts or other flat sided articles.
The wrench when operating with the hardened steel roller to rotate a pipe or round
article is moved in the direction pointed by the arrow on fig. 6.
An hardened steel roller with a toothed serrated or roughened surface without
side frames may be used with a screw key or wrench for the purpose explained
but will not be so, convenient, or useful as when constructed and combined with
side frames a' substantially as herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is,
1. The application of a hardened steel roller or cylinder with a toothed, serrated
r roughened surface in combination with the jaws of a screw key or wrench for
otating pipes or other cylindrical articles substantially as hereinbefore described
nd illustrated by the drawings.

page_text: 2. The combination of one or more hardened steel rollers or cylinders having
toothed, serrated or roughened surfaces with side frames substantially as and for
the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
7
3. The combination of one or more hardened rollers having toothed, serrated
or roughened surfaces, 'with side frames (a²) and with the jaws of screw keys or
wrenches substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated
by the drawings.
*.4.-The combination of one hard steel roller having a toothed, serrated or
roughened surface with side frames and with the movable jaw (by preference) of
a screw key, wrench or dog, having one jaw adjustable, substantially as and for
the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by fig. 6 of the drawings.
Dated this Twanto first day of January 1880
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.