Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Fireworks for Display Purposes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1890-Accepted, 19th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Fireworks for Display
Purposes.
I HENRY STEPHENSON of 42 Rutland Road South Hackney London Wholesale
Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of fireworks of that
character which display a bright silver or gold star when burnt or "set off" and my
improvements consist firstly in the combination and relative proportioning of the
ingredients used and secondly in the process or method of proparing and treating
same and combining and mixing them together.
Hitherto with fireworks of this character it has been found difficult to so
manufacture them that they could be stored for more than two or three weeks and
my present invention is-amongst other advantages-designed to obviate this
difficulty.
According to my said invention I use the following chemicals or ingredients or
their chemical equivalents (in suitable proportions) viz. :-
and proceed as follows:-
Nitrate of Lead
Prepared Iron borings
Lamp black (Carbon)
Chloride of Lead
Nitrate of Potash
The iron borings are dipped in muriatic acid-to clean them-and are then dried'
in any suitable manner such as a reverberatory furnace. They are then thrown into
molten zine covered with sal ammoniac or equivalent and after a few minutes are
taken out slowly with an iron skimmer or other suitable contrivance and they (the
iron borings) now come out like a soldered mass and in a kind of galvanised
state.
To separate them they are next placed in a crucible with powdered charcoal heated
to redness and then shaken about till cool.
The borings thus prepared are then mixed with certain proportions of the other
said ingredients and afterwards placed in metal paper or other cases to form the
desired firework and arranged and ignited in any usual or convenient manner.
Thus a firework is produced both economically and of great brilliancy and which
can be safely stored for months or even years if desired without material deterioration
or danger.
Dated this 19th day of September 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Fireworks for Display
Purposes.
I HENRY STEPHENSON of 42 Rutland Road South Hackney London Wholesale
Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same.
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of fireworks of that
character which display bright silver or gold stars when burnt or "set off" and my

page_text: Chloride of Lead
Nitrate of Potash
PROCESS.
.125
•125
The iron borings are dipped in muriatic acid (or equivalent) to clean them and are
then dried in any suitable manner such as a reverberatory furnace. They are then
thrown into molten zinc covered with sal ammoniac (or equivalent) and after a few
minutes are taken out slowly with an iron skimmer or other suitable contrivance and
they (the iron borings) now come out like a soldered mass and in a kind of
galvanised state. To separate them they are next placed in a crucible. with powdered
or pulverized charcoal heated to redness and then shaken about till cool.
The iron borings thus prepared are then mixed with the other said ingredients and
afterwards placed in metallic, paper, or other cases (a suitable wooden case a being
shown in the annexed drawing-having the confined outlet a as shown) to form the
desired firework and arranged and ignited in any usual or convenient manner.
Thus a firework is produced both economically and of great brilliancy and which
can be safely stored for months or even years if desired without material deterioration
or danger the galvanising or coating of the iron borings preventing the atmosphere
or other influences setting up chemical action with the said borings after mixing said
borings with the other chemicals or ingredients to form the firework.
Having thus described my process or method of preparing treating and mixing
etcetera the aforesaid chemicals or ingredients I wish it to be clearly understood that
I make no claim herein to the combination or proportioning of the said chemicals or
ingredients as I am advised that the combination of same for firework purposes is
not new.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1 do
claim is :-
1. In the manufacture of fireworks for display purposes the process or method of
dipping iron borings in muriatic (or equivalent) acid and after drying them im-
mersing them in zinc substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
set forth.
2. The process or method of preparing and mixing the chemicals and ingredients
for producing a firework which will display bright silver or gold stars when burnt
said process or method of manufacture consisting of,
11 D

page_text: (2) After drying same immersing them in molten zinc covered with sal
ammoniac.
.
(3) Separating these borings-after their immersion in zinc-by placing them
in a crucible with powdered or pulverised charcoal heating to redness and
then shaking thom about till cool.
(4) Mixing these borings thus prepared with Nitrate of Lead, Lamp Black
Chloride of Lead and Nitrate of Potash
in about the proportions named substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before set forth.
3. I claim iron borings having a coating of zinc for the purpose of mixing and com-
ning with other chemicals or ingredients to produce certain fireworks for display
rposes.
4. I claim the improved manufacture of certain fireworks for display purposes
bstantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before. set forth.
Dated this 19th dox of lune 1800.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.