Improvements in Force Accumulators for the Compensation of the Acceleration Pressures of Moving Masses.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION:
Improvements in Force Accumulators for the Compensation of the
Acceleration Pressures of Moving Masses.
We, OSCAR FLECK and RICHARD FLECK, trading as C. L. P. Fleck Söhne, manu-
facturers, and WOLFGANG SCHRADER, Engineer, in the employ of said firm all of
31 Chausseestr, Berlin, Prussia, in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
In using force-accumulators for the compensation of the acceleration-pressures of
moving masses in the form of air-tension-devices as shown and described in the
specification of Letters Patent No. 7191 of April 30th 1889, difficulties have arisen
and obstacles presented themselves, to overcome and to remedy which is the object of
the present invention.
The carrying out of this object involves necessarily the employment of suitable
devices which form part of the invention as long as they are used for carrying out the
latter although they are well known in themselves.
In Figure 7 of the above mentioned specification No. 719189 is shown in diagram
form a force accumulator in the form of an air-tension cylinder with 3 ducts governed
by valves.
Figure 1. of the accompanying drawing represents such air-tension-cylinder drawn
more in detail. In using this cylinder practically it was found that after a while its
effect was much decreased by the escape of the air contained in it, that it became
necessary to stop the machine and open again the middle duct e² of the cylinder d to
admit fresh air into the cylinder. But this way of replacing the escaped air requires
a continuous and inconvenient attendance, and diminishes nevertheless the full effect
of the air-tension.
The present invention consists now in the automatical restoring of the air lost by
leakage or untight joints at its compression in the tension cylinder.
The invention can be carried out by the application of different mechanical devices,
of which as examples a number is represented in Figures 1 to 11. But it must be
remarked that these shown and well known devices do not exhaust those which may
be used for the said purpose viz. the automatic restoring of the lost air, and that
therefore any device which fulfils this requirement, comes within the limits of the
invention.
In Figure 1. the piston-rod 6 is furnished at its ends with small axial bores or
channels g. q¹ communicating with the cross openings r r which are situated in such
places, that when the piston c is at one of the dead points the opposite cross-opening
establishes the communication between the interior of the cylinder d and the outside
air by means of the proper bore or channel q or q¹. It is understood that as long as
the pressure of the air in the cylinder d is equal to that of the outside air, no fresh air
will enter the cylinder, but that the latter will take place as soon as some air has
escaped at the compression of the previous stroke, and that this restoring of lost air
goes on automatically and continuously.
In Figures 2, 3, 4, 6 and 11 the ducts e¹ e² e³ of Figure 1 are not shown, although
they are used in the cylinder, either all or more or less. In the other Figures 5, 7, 8,
9 and 10, only the devices for opening and closing the air-inlets for restoring the
lost air are shown but not the cylinder itself. All the Figures 1 to 11 are drawn only
diagramatically.
In Figure 2 are employed open grooves along the piston-rods 6 instead of channels
or bores. In the same figure are shown flap-valves closed by springs in such way.
hat air may enter through the valves into the cylinder d as soon as the inside pressure
has sunk sufficiently under that of the outside air. Although the two different

page_text: arrangements are shown in one figure, only one of them will be employed in one
cylinder.
In Figure 3 are shown as closing and passage devices valves r¹ controlled by coiled
cylindrical springs.
In Figure 4. oscillating rotary valves or cocks moved by a continuously rotating
crank-shaft and connecting rod, clos and open at the proper time the air passages.
In Figure 5 balanced and sliding disc valves r r which are moved by a continuously
rotating crank-shaft and connecting rod are employed.
In Figure 6 reciprocating slides moved in the same way as described for
figures 4 and 5 feed the cylinder d with the required fresh air.
Figures 7 to 10 show other mechanical levices suited for the purpose in question.
As any skilled engineer will understand how to mount them on the cylinder d the
latter is omitted in the drawing. Figure 7 represents a puppet-valve r which is moved
by means of levers, cains and other suitable mechanical devices to open and close the
air passage at the proper time.
Figure 8 shows a ball valve r, working automatically by the weight of the
ball.
In Figure 9. is employed a throttle-valve
suitable device.
moved at the proper times by any
Figure 10 represents a continuously rotating cock-like-valve moved by a rotating
shaft by means of bevel gearing the purchase of which is properly timed.
In Figure 11 are shown 2 chambers m of a separate air-vessel, each of said
chambers communicating all the time only with one end of the cylinder d, and
provided with a suitable valve device r r which will admit air from the outside if the
cylinder air needs restoring.
The chambers m m¹ represent in fact mere elongations of the cylinder d which
arrangement may be useful or desirable under certain circumstances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
In force-accumulators in form of tension devices in which elastic means such as
air, gas etc. take up the surplus of work during the outstroke and give it off during
the instroke as protected by Letters Patent No. 7191 of April 30, 1889.
1. The automatic restoring of the air or other elastic means lost by leakage or
other causes at its compression, by the admission of fresh air &c. into the cylinder
substantially as explained and for the purpose set forth.
2. For effecting the automatic admission of fresh air &c. into the cylinder of the
tension device, the application of any mechanical organ suited to close and open
the air &c. passages at the proper time, substantially as shown and described and for
the purpose set forth.
Dated December 23. 1889.