Improvements in Tools applicable in the Manufacture of Hinges.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools applicable in the Manufacture of Hinges.
I. HENRY SCHLUND, of Aston Lane, Perry Barr, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to tools which may be used for cutting up the strips or
blanks for hinges into their requisite forms or lengths and which may preferably be
constructed as follows:-
:-
A suitable die or bed recessed to the form of the strip to be employed is provided
so that the projecting ridge of the strip may be underneath and is held down
by a suitable top tie or tool which is provided with the requisite number of
cutting blades which may be chisel pointed and moving either together or inde-
pendently. These blades effect the cutting of the joint in one direction say parallel
to the axis of the hinge and similar tools in one or more successive operations
separate the metal transversely to the axis. If desired these cutting tools may
be of such a shape as to throw up a burr or fringe or otherwise to displace the
metal when separating it and which may be afterwards replaced by passing the
hinge through die rollers or by other similar means.
If desired the tools may be so regulated as not to entirely separate the metal
the final separation being in such case effected by placing the article in a special
tool formed so as to hold both sides and jointed in the required manner.
Dated this 18th day of June 1890.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools applicable in the Manufacture of Hinges.
I, HENRY SCHLUND, of Aston Lane, Perry Barr, Birmingham, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to tools or machines which may be used for cutting up or
separating strips or blanks for hinges into their requisite forms or lengths; the
machines for dealing with which (although suitable for treating other kinds of
blanks) are especially designed for those blanks in which the flat portions are
arranged on cach side of the central ridge so that the general form of the hinge is
presented in the blank which only requires dividing into the requisite lengths
and the knuckles or joints cutting out to form a complete hinge with both the
leaves in place.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a machine of a portion of which Fig. 2 is a plan, adapted
for making longitudinal incisions in the blank, Fig. 3 representing the blank ready
to be treated by this machine.
Fig. 2 is an inverted plan of the tool-holder in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is an clevation of a machine of the lower portion of which Fig. 5 is a plan
for making the cross incisions in the hinge as shown by the representation of the
divided blank in Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 a b c are various forms of
machine represented in Fig. 4 for
an edge view of these three bits.
cutting tools or bits adapted to be used in the
making the cross divisions in the blank, & being
The machines represented in these figures are

page_text: intended for dividing the hinge blank upon the flat side as indicated particularly
in Figs. 1 and 4.
Fig. 8 is an elevation and Fig. 9 an inverted plan of the tool holder of a machine
adapted for making the cross incision upon the convex or ridge side of the hinge
blank, Fig. 10 showing the blank when cut (the longitudinal incisions may be made
entirely from the flat side by the machine shown in Figure 1).
Fig. 11 is a side view, Fig. 12 a similar view in section, and Fig. 13 a plan of a
tool for breaking the fins or small portions of metal connecting the hinges; Fig. 14
is a section of the bottom plate of this tool.
Fig. 15 is an elevation of a press for straightening and finishing off a hinge
and Fig. 16 indicates a press or punch adapted to complete the rounding of
portions of a hinge.
Like letters represent like parts throughout the drawings.
The blank A as shown in Fig. 3 in the form of a double" blank or strip adapted
to be divided up into hinges is received in the bolster or anvil B of the machine in
Fig. 1 the projecting ridge of the hinge facing downwards as shown and the blank
or strip being at this part of the process a plain solid strip without any divisions or
cuts in it though it may be provided with the pivot wire A' which in such case
would have been introduced during the rolling, casting or otherwise of the blank.
The cover plate B' may be secured upon the bolster B by the screws or bolts B² a
suitably shaped recess being provided in the bolster B to admit the blank; into the
tool carrier C is placed the cutting tool C₁ and may be secured there by a set
screw C² the tool carrier being raised and lowered by any suitable mechanism.
When the tool thus descends its point nicks the blank as shown at A2 in Fig. 3.
In Fig. 2 it is shown that the tool carrier C is provided with two of the cutting
tools but it will be understood that any desired number may be employed
preferably as many as would be necessary to divide all the knuckles required for the
particular hinge being made at the time the tool is used. It will be observed that
the blanks can be fed into the machine Fig. 1, either before being divided into
the lengths for the hinges or afterwards; in the former case means must be provided
for the intermittent feeding of the blank strip so as to provide the alternate
knuckles and incisions. Such feeding mechanism however does not form a part of
the present invention though its nature will be well understood by engineers
accustomed to this class of machinery. It would be particularly useful to fit the
tool-carrier C with the right number of cutting tools C for the hinge, in those
cases where the detached hinge blanks are supplied to the machine; where however
the blanks are not separated the right number of tools C may still be employed if
the feeding mechanism be so arranged as to move the blank strip along for the
space of a complete hinge at each movement whereas were a single cutting tool C
employed the movement would be only the distance from one incision to the next.
After the blank has been cut with the series of incisions A2 in the upper part of
Fig. 3 it may be turned round end for end and again passed through the machine
when the second set of incisions A3 shown in the lower part of Fig. 3 will be formed
and the general idea of the knuckles will be given. Fig. 2 is a view looking down
upon the cap plate 13 and shows the recesses 133 for the passage of the tools C¹.
It will be observed as shown in Fig. 1 that the tool C may be caused to pass
entirely through the blank so that no second cutting from the opposite or ridge face
of the blank will be necessary.
The two sets of incisions A2 A3 having thus been produced and the blank
appearing as represented in the lower half of Fig. 3 it is next taken to the machine
shown in Figs. 4 and 5 where the cross incisions A are produced. This machine
is as will be seen very similar to that shown in Fig. 1 but the blank instead of being
held obliquely to the path of the tool as in the first machine is placed at right
angles to that path the incision thus being straight instead of angular as in the
former case. The tool employed for making the cross incisions may vary in shape
as indicated in Fig. 7 according to the precise requirements of the case, but where
the wire A¹ is in the hinge before the cutting process begun the tool may take

page_text: the shape indicated at a in Fig. 7 where the cutting edge takes the form of two
knife edges e divided by a semi-circular cutting edge adapted while cutting the
hinge to avoid the wire. d shows an edge view of the tools a b c the operation of
all of which is similar. From the plan Fig. 5 it will be seen that the machine
Fig. 4 may be fitted with three of these dividing tools, but in this case, as in the
former one, the number of tools may be varied, though for a small hinge three
would be sufficient to deal with the whole hinge at one descent of the tool carrier C.
On passing through the machine Fig. 4 the blank will have the appearance
indicated in Fig. 6 but will not have been divided as yet upon the ridge side.
"
For the purpose of dividing the ridge the blank will be passed through another
machine Fig. 8 similar to Fig. 6 excepting that the recess in the bolster B is not
formed to accommodate the ridge and a recess in the cap plate B' is provided for
this purpose, whereas in Fig. 4 the recess for the ridge was in the bolster and the
cap was plain. After passing through the machine Fig. 8 the blank has the
appearance indicated in Fig. 10 the incisions having all been made and the various
parts being merely held together by the fins which remain after the various incisions
have been made. To break these fins and finally separate the two leaves of the
hinge the separating machine or apparatus shown in Figs. 11 to 14 may be
employed. This machine consists of two plates D D' hinged together at D².
Upon these plates are secured by the bolts E cover plates K having divided jaws L
adapted to intercalate with those of the other plate K and flat upon their faces so
as to press firmly upon the flat back of the hinge so as to support it during the
separating operation. The plates K may be provided with slotted holes for the
passage of the bolts E so that when the bolts are slacked the plates can be drawn
back to make room for the insertion of the hinge into the recess I provided for it.
The two portions of the separator are hinged together in such a manner that their
axial line will coincide with the axial line of the hinge to be made when the latter
is in position. The operation of this dividing machine is that after the flat hinge
is inserted as in Fig. 11 during which operation the two parts of the separator are
in line as indicated in Fig. 11 the two parts of the separator are turned upon their
axis so that they may occupy the positions more or less as shown in the section
Fig. 12 this movement having the effect of completely separating the two leaves
or parts of the hinge which are now merely held together by the pivot wire
and the hinge when removed from the separator is complete although in a rough
state.
After leaving the separator, the hinge may be placed in the press Fig. 15
which consists merely of the anvil or bolster B and the die G. The bolster B
is recessed to receive the ridge or knuckles of the hinge and the die G is flat
so that the hinge may come out flat after it has been subjected to the action
of this machine.
The next machine is indicated in Fig. 16 and consists of a bolster B in which
the hinge either doubled over as shown in the drawing, or open, usually the former,
according to circumstances and the construction of the machine, is placed and held
during the descent of the punch H which is shown as provided with a curved
corner piece for the purpose of imparting the proper round to the knuckles
of the hinge which hitherto have only been roughly divided and not shaped.
The hinge is now complete and only requires the making of the holes in the leaves
to be ready for. use; it may if necessary be polished or smoothed up in any, desired
manner.
:
:
The machine in Fig. 16 may like the others be provided with any desired number
of punches H.
It will be observed that some of the machines herein described may be caused to
perform more than one operation at the same time; for example the functions
performed by the machines Figs. 4 and 8 may be simultaneously or successively
performed in a single machine the blank being held in the manner described and
cutting tools C¹ being caused to approach it, from both sides simultaneously or
successively, and in a vertical or horizontal plane as required. The two machines

page_text: shown in Figs. 15 and 16 may also be combined if desired as by forming the
die G Fig. 15 with the curved nose or noses 1 of Fig. 16 in suitable positions
to effect the rounding over of the knuckles of the hinge. Or the round-nosed
punch H of Fig. 16 may be adapted to produce upon the hinge the flattening effect
of the machine shown in Fig. 15.
Sometimes, and this may even be intentionally done, the cutting tools in making
the various longitudinal and cross cuts may raise up a burr and form badly fitting
joints; these may be pressed back into their proper places and a properly fitting
hinge produced during the flattening and finishing operations of Figs. 15 and 16 or
by an independent machine if preferred.
Instead of making the cross incisions as previously described and illustrated in
Figs. 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings a mere nick or mark will in many cases
be sufficient the rest being effected by the breaker.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The herein described method or process of manufacturing a hinge which
consists in subjecting a double blank such as A Figure 3 to the operation of succes-
sive machines wherein the longitudinal slits or divisions A2 A3 are first produced,
then the cross slits or divisions A are formed extending approximately one half
distance through the metal then the same cross slits or divisions A are formed
through the other half or portion of the metal, then the two leaves of the
hinge are separated and finally the hinge is straightened and the knuckles
rounded substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In the manufacture of a hinge the method or process of converting a double
blank such as A Figure 3 into a hinge which consists in making the longitudinal
and cross slits or divisions and then breaking the hinge substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In the manufacture of a hinge the method or process of converting a double
blank such as A Figure 3 into a hinge which consists in making the longitudinal
slits or divisions and cross nicking or marking and then breaking the hinge
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. Transforming the hinge blank into a hinge by dividing it into its separate
leaves or parts by means of longitudinal and cross divisions substantially as
described.
5. In the manufacture of a hinge the employment of a machine or tool in which
the blank previous to being divided is held obliquely to the cutting tool during the
making of the longitudinal slits or cuts substantially as described and illustrated in
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
6. In the manufacture of a hinge the employment of a tool in which the blank
received a cross division extending approximately one half-way through the
thickness of the metal and past one half of the thickness of the pivot wire
substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 4 of the accom_anying
drawings.
7. In the manufacture of a hinge the employment of a tool formed in independent
parts adapted to operate as a hinge substantially as and for the purpose described
and illustrated in Figures 11 to 14 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this toonth
11001.
HENRY SCHLUND.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.