Improvements in Horse-shoes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 20th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horse-shoes.
I, JOSEF ECKART, Blacksmith, of Traunstein, in the German Empire, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, to give to the hoof of the horse a rough face,
and to protect it, until the horse-shoe is so weak as to yield by bending.
For this purpose I make the shoe of Bessemer steel and provide it on its
underside or face with two rows of teeth placed along the inner contour of the shoe
and occupying only a part of the horizontal width of the shank. The rear face of
each tooth (that which is turned towards the back of the hoof or the open side of
the horse-shoe) is vertical, while the front face (situated towards the front or round
part of the hoof) is inclined, and the teeth of the two rows are out of line with
each other. The sides of the teeth are also vertical.
The teeth may either be placed in the same direction, or in different directions,
so as to follow the curvature of the shoe. The ends of the shanks (that is the rear
or open end of the horse-shoe) are vertical and form with the outer circumference
acute angles.
Instead of providing the face of the shoe with two rows of teeth, the inner
circumference may have recesses or notches, which occupy a part of the face.
At the curved front or toe part of the shoe, the rows of teeth are interrupted
and replaced by a comparatively small number of large teeth or recesses, the inner
sides of which are vertical.
In the case of winter shoes the toe part, and the extremities of the shanks are
made higher than the rest of the shoe, the toe part forming three concentrically
curved teeth or ridges of unequal height, the inner (or rear) sides of these teeth
being vertical, while the outer (or front) sides are curved.
When the snow begins to disappear, the toe part and the raised extremities of
the shanks may be rendered less sharp, by the insertion of separate triangular
blocks or rounded pins, or wedge pieces, which are sunk into the raised portions of
the shoe and project over the same.
ከስ
1
LM1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horse-shoes..
I JOSEF ECKART, Blacksmith of Traunstein in the German Empire do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention consists in constructing horse shoes of or with a roughened under
surface of varying heights or depths so contrived as to give good foothold when in
use until the shoe has worn so thin as to be of no further protective value for
the hoof.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings show two forms of improved horse shoe
in plan. Figs. 3 to 6 in respective sections.
For this purpose I prefer to make the shoe of Bessemer steel and provide it on
its underside or face with two rows of teeth placed along the inner coutour of the
shoe and occupying only a part of the horizontal width of the shank. The rear
[Price 8d1

page_text: face of each tooth (that which is turned toward the back of the hoof or the open
side of the horse shoe) is vertical while the front face (situated towards the front or
round part of the hoof) is inclined and the points of the teeth of the two rows are
not in the same plane. The sides of the teeth are also vertical.
The teeth may either be placed in the same direction, or in different directions
so as to follow the curvature of the shoe.
The heel corners are made with vertical rims bent at acute angles.
Instead of providing the face of the shoe with two rows of teeth, the inner
circumference may have recesses or notches which occupy a part of the face.
At the toe of the shoe the rows of teeth are interrupted and replaced by a
comparatively small number of large teeth or toe calks or recesses the inner sides
of which are vertical.
In the case of winter shoes the toe and heel calks are made higher than the
rest of the shoe to form calks or to hold calks or fillings,-the toe part forming
three concentrically curved teeth or ridges of unequal height the inner (or rear)
sides of these teeth being vertical while the outer (or front) sides are curved.
When the snow begins to disappear the toe part and the raised extremities of the
shanks may be rendered less sharp by the insertion of separate triangular or other
blocks which are sunk into the raised portions of the shoe and project over or
level with the same.
The most suitable material to use is Bessemer steel the shoes being made with
toecap stamped out ready for bending up onto the hoof.
As steel is used it is not necessary to make the improved shoe thicker than an
ordinary shoe, consequently the distance of the hoof from the ground is no greater
than with ordinary English horse shoeing. By making in the shoe itself the teeth
and slits which are the principal subjects of this invention the shoe becomes lighter
though being of steel it is of equal durability.
The lefthand portion of Fig. 1 shows a shoe provided with two series of teeth a
presenting backward and sideward vertically rising faces but having oblique faces
towards the front.
-
Of these teeth the outer series are of a greater average depth than those of the
inner series. The teeth a are kept sharp by the stepping action of the horse being
of varying depth as shown in Fig. 3.
These teeth may also be made on a larger scale as shown in Fig. 4 & at the
right hand of Fig. 1. By recesses as shown in Fig. 1 (right side), Fig. 4
and Figs. 2 and 5 the same effect is attained.
For winter use the toe and heel calks are raised whilst made thinner (Figs. 2, 5
and 6).
In order to prevent the heel calks from wearing out too soon they are
prolonged as at ¹ Fig. 2. The inner downwardly projecting flange of this lightly
constructed shoe is bevelled on its inner side Fig. 2 except at the heel ends
where it remains of equal depth across its breadth and forms an acute angle as
shown at e in plan (Figs. 2 and 6). The inner flange is made at a sufficient distance
from the outer flange so that snow, ice, etc. may not easily stick fast between them.
The inner flange is also made rather lower and sharper than the outer rim.
To protect them against damage, the corners of the heel calks may though not
so shown be slightly rounded off or their edges may run off without sharp corners.
The raised thin toe calk may also be toothed or recessed as shown in Figs. 12
& 4 or it may be constructed so as to form three parallel portions of different
height (Figs. 2 and 5). These portions may also be separately interrupted so as
to form teeth of different heights. The inner teeth or toecalks may be made very
sharp and comparatively thin going down to the base of the shoe so that they
remain sharp till completely worn out but it is necessary that the inner walls be
always made vertical.
The exterior stronger toecalk and the heel calks protect the inner toe calks
against wearing out. The heights of toe and heel calks is moderate, even on
winter shoes.

page_text: The above described shoe is for winter use and may also be constructed for
exchange or replacement of toe and heel calks.
Shoes used hitherto, when winter comes must often be roughened by insertion of
plugs or screwed calks but the improved horse shoe on the contrary, constructed
for winter use may be transformed into a summer shoe. When used as a winter
shoe the exchangeable toe and heel calks are sharpened.
When the thaw arrives the shoe is made blunt by replacing the sharp toe calk by
a blunt calk d and by putting in triangular blocks e' in the heel calks by which
means toe and heel calks are protected against too early wearing.
The putting in and fixing of the calks may also be effected as described
hereinafter.
Up to half the height of the calks there are arranged see Fig. 6 beads f, passing
across the shoe from left to right at the toe, but fixed from back to front at the
heel, tapered towards their bases and provided with a slight projecting locking
edge to be bent over by hammering to lock in the grooves y in the inserted
calks or fillings to prevent them from falling out. The inserted calks obtain their
proper support by the tapered shape of the holes in which they are inserted and
to which they are exactly fitted at their bases.
When this shoe has been worn down to the locking part f g the calks d
and el are replaced by others.
Another form of construction of this horse-shoe is illustrated in Fig. 7 in
plan, Fig. 8 side-view, Fig. 9 section through M N Fig. 7 and Fig. 10 a section
through O P Fig. 7.
On the bottom surface of the shoe recesses m and n are arranged to receive the
toe and beel calks.
In case the latter are not used, filling blocks are put in these recesses to wear
out together with the shoe, while increasing the roughness of the under surface.
These blocks are preferably made of emery or the like, woody-matter, wood,
caout-chouc, or steel wire, any one or more of these in suitable combination.
As shown in Fig. 7 at o the calks are of triangular form and at p provided
with a cross rib (Fig. 8). The walls of the calks above the transversal rib
are of prismatic, below (at 2) of tapered form; the calks being driven and
held in the recesses by means of this tapered base. The arrangement of two
calk recesses (Fig. 7) may be modified for shoes without recesses which may be
made of two cross walls one behind the other thus rendering it possible to shorten
the shoe while retaining the heel calks. The cross-rib p on the heel calks serves
for insertion of a lever for taking them out.
The fixing of the toe calks is similar to that of the heel calks and their removal
is effected in an analogous way, for which purpose, as shown in Fig. 7 and 11
either projections s are arranged on the toe-calk or corresponding cavities are
made therein for engagement of the extracting tool.
The fixing of toe and heel calks may be effected in a similar manner to that
shown in Fig. 6.
The thickness of the base plate of the shoe is from 1th to th of an inch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved horse-shoe adapted to remain rough on its under surface during
use till worn out, having one or more series of teeth a of varying heights with
vertical backward and sideward faces and oblique front faces (Figs. 1 and 3); the
said shoe having its heel corners bent at an acute angle, and having the toe calk
with two semi-circular or other notches or triple walls, the said wall or walls
ising vertically and trimmed down to the base of the shoe which is of slight
thickness.

page_text: 2. In the said shoe the arrangement of detachable calks or fillings substantially
as described.
Dated this 20th day of February 1893.
R. HADDAN,
Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicant.