IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF ANCHORS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tyzack, of Stourbridge, in the County of Worcester,
Works Manager of Chain and Anchor Manufacture, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF ANCHORS."
Sealed the 6th April 1877, and dated the 12th October 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Tyzack at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October 1876.
GEORGE TYZACK, of Stourbridge, in the County of Worcester, Works Manager of
Chain and Anchor Manufacture. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
MANUFACTURE OF ANCHORS."
My improvements in anchors permit of their being made of all sizes, weight, and
strength, without weldings of any kind or use of the ponderous appliances neces-
sary in the manufacture of anchors now in use, as will be understood from the
following description :-
I form the shank (by preference) in two parts placed sufficiently asunder for a
single fluke to work between them, the said fluke being united to the open compound
shank by a strong bolt passing through the lower enlarged circular terminal parts or
plates forming the shank, and through a corresponding enlarged terminal part of the
fluke, thus forming a connection of the fluke and shank, the joint being arranged
and provided with stops on the boss or enlarged part of the fluke, which stops abut
against corresponding parts or shoulders of the corresponding parts of the compound
bosses of the shank, by which means of construction the fluke may lie between the
open shank, but may be drawn out on either of its open sides and held by the stops
before mentioned so that the fluke shall be presented at the desired angle for bury-
ing itself in the anchorage when in use.
The compound shank is fitted at the top with the usual stock, either of iron or
wood, preferring the former, which may be keyed to the top part of the shank in
the usual way, which terminates with a bolt and shackle for connecting it to the
cable.
As an equivalent the base or joint part of the fluke may be laterally extended,
and instead of stops as heretofore described the open part of the shank may be also
extended, having a strong central pin passed through the two parts forming the
shank and below the axis on which the fluke works for the lateral projections at the
base of the fluke to abut against.

page_text: In using this description of anchor either with the fluke lying within the shank
or in an extended position when it falls on the ground or anchorage the stock will
govern its position as with ordinary anchors, and the gravitation of the fluke will
cause it to drop so that the slightest draught on the anchor will cause the fluke to
bite and hold and to yield that bite at a perpendicular lift when weighing the anchor
as now practised.
Anchors thus constructed will be more enduring than of ordinary make and may
be manufactured at a considerable save of labour and without the use of costly
annliance
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Tyzack in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th April
1877.
GEORGE TYZACK, of Stourbridge, in the County of Worcester, Works Manager of
Chain and Anchor Manufacture. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
MANUFACTURE OF ANCHORS."
My improvements in anchors permit of their being made of all sizes, weight, and
strength without weldings of any kind or use of the ponderous appliances necessary
in the manufacture of anchors now in use, as will be understood from the following
description: :-
I form the shank (by preference) in two parts placed sufficiently asunder for a
single fluke to work between them, the said fluke being united to the open compound
shank by a strong bolt passing through the lower enlarged circular terminal parts
or plates forming the shank and through a corresponding enlarged terminal part of the
fluke, thus forming a connection of the fluke and shank, the joint being arranged and
provided with stops on the boss or enlarged part of the fluke or arm, which stops abut
against corresponding parts or shoulders of the corresponding parts of the compound
bosses of the shank, by which means of construction the fluke may lie between the
open shank but may be drawn out on either of its open sides and held by the stops
before mentioned, so that the fluke shall be presented at the desired angle for bury-
ing itself in the anchorage when in use.
The compound shank is fitted at the top with the usual stock, either of iron or
wood, preferring the former, which may be keyed to the top part of the shank in
the usual way, which terminates with a bolt and shackle for connecting it to the
cable.
As an equivalent the base or joint part of the fluke may be laterally extended,
and instead of stops as heretofore described the open part of the shank may be also
extended, having a strong central pin passed through the two parts forming the
shank and below the axis on which the fluke works for the lateral projections at the
base of the fluke to abut against.
In using this description of anchor either with the fluke lying within the shank
or in an extended position when it falls on the ground or anchorage the stock will
govern its position as with ordinary anchors, and the gravitation of the fluke will
cause it to drop, so that the slighest draught on the anchor will cause the fluke to
bite and hold, but to yield that bite at a perpendicular lift when weighing the
anchor as now practised.
Anchors thus constructed will stow well, be more enduring than of ordinary
make, and may be manufactured with much save of labour and without the use of
costly appliances; but as my Invention will be better understood by referring to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, which are made to about one-tenth of the full size,
will proceed to describe same, reference being made to the various figures and
letters marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.
The 1 is a plan of my improved anchon A

page_text: by a strong bolt marked C, which is passed through corresponding holes in the
shank A and A¹ and fluke or arm B, and is made secure by means of a washer and
split cotter and on which the fluke or arm B works, and at the other end by the
bolt D connecting the shackle also by the rivet marked a; the distance piece
marked b being shewn in section, also in plan and side view at Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 shews a modification of same cast as at c, c, so as to give greater bearing,
which may be cast of any other suitable shape; E, E, Figure 1, is the stock secured
to the shank by the feather marked d formed on the centre of said stock, and the
key or cotter e, which when the stock is required to be removed has to be taken out
and the stock turned so as to bring the feather marked d in juxtaposition to the
cotter hole when the stock may be easily withdrawn, thereby giving great facilities
for stowing the anchor when out of use. F, F, are stops or projections secured to
the butt end of the fluke or arm, having corresponding recesses or shoulders shown
at ff, formed on the enlarged terminal ends of the sides or shank for the stops or
projections F, F, to abut against as shewn in side view at Fig. 4, where the fluke or
arm is in position for biting.
Fig. 5 is also a side view with the fluke shown in dotted lines lying between the
shank which has only to be thrown in position for anchoring when the slightest
draught or friction on the part of the fluke or arm marked g will bring the point of
the palm in contact with the ground, when the pull from the cable attached to the
shackle will immediately cause the fluke to be imbedded in the anchorage.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the anchor in position.
Fig. 7 is a plan and side view of my anchor with a modification of the fluke or
arm forged with projections at right angles to the centre line of the said
fluke or arm marked G and G¹; and Fig. 8 is a part sectional side view of same
showing the fluke or arm with its projections G and G¹, part of the shank being
broken away.
Fig. 9 is a part sectional side view, and Fig. 10 a plan of my inproved anchor.
In this case I purpose bringing securing firmly the divided shank together from
the termination of the swelled or distended portion as shewn at Figure 10, and
instead of having projections formed on the fluke or arm as at f & f¹, Figures
1 and 7, I purpose making the stop by the recess shewn at h, Fig. 9, which when
the fluke or arm is allowed to fall from between the shank it will be detained by the
bolt H secured to the shank in a line with the axis or bolt of the fluke or arm, that
when the said fluke or arm is brought round on either side until the recess h comes
in contact with the bolt H it will be held securely in position as shewn at
Figure 9, thus giving the desired angle to the fluke relative to the position of the
shank.
K, K, Fig. 10, shews the stock with one end curved, which when the key is taken out
allows it to be withdrawn until the stop k on the curved end of the stock comes in
contact with the shank, thereby allowing the stock to lie alongside the anchor. The
pins H and J are provided with washers and split cotters or otherwise, also the pins
a and a¹ may be so fitted if desired so as to facilitate the disconnection of the parts
for convenience in stowing or packing. The stock can be made of wood or iron, as
may be desired.
I will observe that anchors made as herein described and set forth are greatly in-
creased in strength, and the sides and arm or fluke being made without any weld all
unsoundness resulting from bad workmanship is entirely obviated, thus renderng
the anchor capable of resisting a much greater strain. The swell or distended form
of the shank gives a certain amount of elasticity, which must be a great desideratum
both to anchor and cable when riding at sea, and from the novel arrangement shown
in the Drawing at the butt or crown end of the fluke, it will be easily seen that the
fluke or arm in which ever way the anchor may fall will insure a thorough biting
ad firm detention of the embedied palm and fluke.
Another great feature of my Invention is the great facility it allows in stowing,
and if desired the portability of its parts, as the whole can be readily taken to pieces,
and its imposibility of fouling anything when riding at sea, baving only one fluke

page_text: or arm and there being no projection above the shank, and from the great simplicity
of its construction and being made without a weld it is obvious that anchors manu-
factured under my improvements will be much less expensive than those in ordinary
use.
Having thus given a general description of my Invention and the manner of
giving effect to the same, I wish it particularly understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details as herein set forth and exhibited, as the same are capable
of great diversification, but what I claim as of my Invention and desire to protect
under these my in part recited Letters Patent is the making of anchors with one
fluke or arm with open or divided shank so as to allow the fluke or arm to work
freely through the same. The arm being reversible is equivalent to the ordinary
double armed or fluked anchor now is use; also the various arrangements of fitting
the crown or butt and stops.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Tyzack, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Tenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
W. H. TAYLOR,
Clerk to Mr. A. Perry,
17, Ann St.
Birmingham.
GEORGE TYZACK. (L.S.)