AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF EXPANDING AND STOPPING BOILER OR OTHER TUBES WHILST UNDER STEAM OR OTHER PRESSURE."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David John Morgan, of Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan, Engineer, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
AND METHOD OF EXPANDING AND STOPPING BOILER OR OTHER TUBES
WHILST UNDER STEAM OR OTHER PRESSURE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David John Morgan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th July 1880.
DAVID JOHN MORGAN, of Cardiff, in the County, of Glamorgan, Engineer. AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF EXPANDING AND STOPPING BOILER
OR OTHER TUBES WHILST UNDER STEAM OR OTHER PRESSURE."
My Invention is designed by means of my improved apparatus to expand and
stop leaky or damaged tubes from the smoke box or front whilst under steam or
other pressure so as to leave the repaired tube as effective for continued heating
purposes as an ordinary stay tube.
In
My apparatus, by means of which I effect the above object, is first an inner tube,
which is expanded at the smoke box end, and then inserted into the burst tube.
this way the escaping rush of steam is immediately driven to the end opposite to
that of the repairing operator.
The inner tube may now be expanded at the further end by attaching
(secondly) my improved mandril to a pipe or tube of sufficient length and
small enough to pass into the inner repairing tube. The end of this tube
nearest to the operator is screwed outside and fitted with fly and check nut, by
means of which the expander may be secured into exact position.
The mandril or wedge may now be inserted into the expander by fixing it
to the end of a suitable rod, and inserting it through the inner tube. By means
of the ordinary "tommy bar" the mandril may be rotated so as effectually to
expand and make tight the further end of the tube.
The inner tube thus fixed is permanently secured and complete for work, and is

page_text: at least as effective for heating purposes as the ordinary stay tube, as the combined
thicknesses of the burst tube and inner tube do not exceed the thickness of a stay
tube.
I may apply an alternative expanding arrangement by using two combined
expanders, one at each end. These expanders may be simultaneously expanded by
means of a double wedge mandril worked from the end nearest to the operator,
and a balance spring may be used between the two mandrils to equalize the pressure
for expanding at each end.
-My-improved-mandrils-are-fitted-with-a-loose-washer, which may be easily
removed and alternative sets of rollers fixed in the expander to suit different sizes
of tubes.
५

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said David John Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
January 1881.
<< AN
DAVID JOHN MORGAN, of Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan, Engineer.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF EXPANDING AND STOPPING BOILER
OR OTHER TUBES WHILST UNDER STEAM OR OTHER PRESSURE."
My Invention is designed by means of my improved apparatus to expand and
stop leaky or damaged tubes from the smoke box or front whilst under steam or
other pressure, so as to leave the repaired tube as effective for continued heating
purpose as an ordinary stay tube.
My apparatus, by means of which I effect the above object, is, first, an inner
tube, which is expanded at the smoke box end, and then inserted into the burst
tube. In this way the escaping rush of steam is immediately driven to the end
opposite to that of the repairing operator.
The inner tube may now be expanded at the further end by attaching (secondly)
my improved mandril to a pipe or tube of sufficient length and small enough to
pass into the inner repairing tube. The end of this tube nearest to the operator is
screwed outside and fitted with fly and check nut, by means of which the expander
may be secured into exact position.
The mandril or wedge may now be inserted into the expender by fixing it to the
end of a suitable rod and inserting it through the inner tube. By means of the
ordinary "tommy bar" the mandril may be rotated so as effectually to expand
and make tight the further end of the tube.
The inner tube thus fixed is permanently secured and complete for work, and is
at least as effective for heating purposes as the ordinary stay tube, as the combined
thicknesses of the burst tube and inner tube do not exceed the thickness of a stay
tube.
I may apply an alternative expanding arrangement by using two combined
expanders, one at each end. These expanders may be simultaneously expanded by
means of a double wedge mandril worked from the end nearest to the operator, and
a balance spring may be used between the two mandrils to equalise the pressure for
expanding at each end.
My improved mandrils are fitted with a loose washer, which may be easily
removed, and alternative sets of rollers fixed in the expander to suit different sizes
of tubes.
.
And in order that my Invention may be the better understood I now proceed to
describe the Drawings annexed hereto, reference being had to the Figures and
letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a burst pipe L shewing the repairing
apparatus in place. This consists of an inner and lighter tube K, the end of
which, K, nearest to the repairing operator is first expanded, the farthest end K.
of the tube being left with its diameter originally smaller than the outer tube L.
The inner tube K, K¹, is thus easily thrust into the interior of the first tube, and
the previously expanded end K¹ serves to sufficiently close the near end to cause
all the escaping steam to issue from the other or further end K¹. This enables the
repairing operator to work without inconvenience from the escaping steam. An
ordinary tube expander may now be at once used to make a proper steam tight
joint between the two tubes at the nearer end K¹.
The same ordinary tube expander A may now be made use of to expand and
make steam tight the farther end K of the inner repairing tube by fitting to the
expander A a tube B by means of the coupling or socket O. This tube B is
screwed at its outer end, and fitted with nut nut E and check C'. The nut C

page_text: carries a bridge or washer R, which projects far enough beyond the tube to bear
upon the tube plate. The exact position of the expander A may be adjusted by
the nut C and bridge R. The ordinary mandril D of the expander is fitted by a
socket S to a rod E of sufficient length to project beyond the tubes, so that the
necessary rotation of the expander mandril may be effected by a tommy bar
through the eye E¹ of the extended mandril rod E.
The rollers N of the expander may be so fitted that they can be changed for rollers
of different diameters by removal of the washer M.
Figure 2 shews an outside end view of the mandril rod E, the check nut C, and
the bridge R.
Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view through the burst tube L, the repairing
tube K, and the inner expander holder B, and the mandril rod E.
Figure 4 shews an alternative arrangement of expanding apparatus, the manner
of insertion of the repairing tube K within the burst tube L remaining the same.
In this case a double expander F, F, may be used simultaneously one at each
end. They are connected by the tube B. Two cone mandrills G, G', are used, of
which the spindle H of one G runs through the centre of the other G¹, and is
screwed and fitted with a hand-wheel Q. at the end nearest to the operator. The
rotation of this hand-wheel Q forces the two mandrils G and G' together, and they
are so coned that the pressure together forces out the rollers N of the mandrils F so
as to press the end of the repairing tube K tighter against the burst tube L. The
uniformity of pressure of both mandrils G, G', is ensured by the compensating
spiral spring P. The necessary rotation of the mandril may be effected by an
ordinary spanner applied to the square end T of the mandril H.
And having now fully described and ascertained the nature and object of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, be it known
that what I consider as novel and useful, and desire to protect by my Letters
Patent is,-
1st. The combination in an apparatus for expanding and repairing boiler and
other tubes, of a tube and any roller-tube expander, the expanding wedge or
mandril being attached to a long rod to enable the mandril to be inserted down
the centre of the tube.
.
2nd. The combination for expanding and repairing boiler or other tubes of two
roller mandrils, one at each end of the tube to be expanded, operated by a centre
rod with two wedges or cones thereon, the pressure on each expander being
rendered uniform by a central spring.
3rd. The use of an inner repairing tube of light material to prevent the escape
of steam from a burst tube, the ends of the inner tube being expanded in any
convenient manner to render them steam tight in the burst tube.
4th. The combination in an apparatus for expanding boiler or other tubes, as
described, of a movable washer to enable the rollers to be replaced with various
sizes.
In witness whereof, I, the said David John Morgan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 17th day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
DAVID JOHN MORGAN. (L.S.)