Improvements in Hydrocarbon Lighting Devices.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 6th May, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydrocarbon Lighting Devices.
WE, FREDERICK ALONZO CODY and LYMAN TREADWAY LAWTON, both
citizens of the United States of America, residing at Meriden, in the County of
New Haven, and State of Connecticut, U.S.A. Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDROCARBON LIGHTING
DEVICES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a system of lighting houses by means of chandeliers
and lamps burning kerosene oil or other hydrocarbon and the object is to supply
such burners with oil by means of pipes, to secure perfect combustion, an even.
light and safety.
To this end our invention consists in means for controlling the level of oil in the
supply tank; for entrapping air from the supply pipes, for observing the amount
entrapped and for removing it without danger to the circulation; and to prevent
overflow of oil from the chandeliers when they are lowered to be trimmed; means
for filling the reservoir and consuming the overflow, and other objects as will
hereinafter appear, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1, represents in outline, & room provided with a chandelier, a bracket lamp,
and a standing lamp according to this invention.
Fig. 2, represents an air trap in vertical section longitudinal with the pipe.
Fig. 3, represents the trap in section transverse to the pipe, in position for
Bervice, and in dotted lines the trap is shown inverted.
Fig. 4, represents one of our lamps in vertical section.
Fig. 5, represents a portion of a chandelier partly in vertical section, the diameters
and thickness being enlarged.
Fig. 6, represents in detail the distributing tank, the supply and drip cans, and
shows their relation to other parts.
6 represents removable oil cans serving as reservoirs each having but one opening.
6 is a stop cock fitted to that opening and depending into the tank 7.
11 is an oil can exactly like the oil can 6. When the can 6 becomes empty fresh
oil should be added to the drip in the can 11, the cock 6' should be placed therein
and this can is then to be used for a reservoir, thus consuming the drip before it
becomes foul, or weak from evaporation. The distributing-pipes 8 connect with
the tank a little above the bottom so that these pipes may not carry out the
settlings. The discharge faucet 74 enters the tank at the bottom to draw off the
settlings.
10 is an over-flow pipe entering the tank at or close below the level of the top of
the lamp, and it carries any surplus oil to the drip can 11.
75, 76 are stop cocks to be closed while changing the reservoir, to prevent losing
the priming from the pipes. That one of the pipes 8 which rises above the tank
and descends to the chandelier lamps acts as a siphon.
79, 79 are side braces each having a screw buckle 80 whereby the body of this
style of chandelier may be adjusted to set both lamps level with the head of oil in
the tank.
'
12 is a transparent tank located at the highest point of the siphon pipe 8 to
serve as an air trap, and provided with a nozzle 13 fitted to be screwed airtight
into a sleeve 14 which rotates upon a plug 15 fixed in the line of pipe 8. The
aleeve 14 and the plug 15 form a stop cock whose port is at 17 in the plug.
16 is a tightening nut for the cook. The tank 12 may be removed to permit the
pipe 8 to be first filled, then the sleeve 14 should be turned with its opening down-
ward, when the filled tank 12 may be screwed in place, as shown in dotted lines

page_text: Fig. 3. Now if the tank be turned upward it is ready for service, and every
bubble of air which rises in the pipe and endangers breaking off the supply of oil,
will be entrapped in this tank and oil from the tank will take the place of the air
in the pipe. The tank being transparent permits the condition of the oil in it to be
noted at any time.
Turning the tank over stops the port 17, then the tank may be removed without
admitting air into the service-pipe 8.
The body 19 of the chandelier is divided into two chambers 20 and 21 by a
partition 22, and telescopes, upon a tube 23 which is rigidly fixed to the hanger 24.
27 is a pipe communicating between the service-pipe 8 and the chamber 20 by
means of a valve 26, and pipés 25 carry oil from the chamber 20 to the lamps 28.
In order that the lamps may be located at different levels upon the same
chandelier, we provide another chamber 21, with a pipe 29, and, valve; 80 com-
municating with a service-pipe 8 coming from a supply tank on a different level, the
pipes 32 carrying oil to lamps 31 of this level. The body portion 19, telescopes
upon the body portion 23 in order that the chandelier may be lowered for trimming,
and it is balanced by weights 35, upon cords 39 passing over pulleys 38; in, the
ring 43 and connected with a collar. 37 upon which a flange 36 of the body 19 rests
and within which the body may rotate. The valves 26 and 30 have stems 40 to hit
upon the bottom of the tube and push the said valves open when the chandelier is
in its raised position ready for service but these valves are loft free to closej when
the chandelier is lowered, so that oil may not escape from the service-pipes.
Springs 41 aid gravity in closing the valves 40. The pipes 29 and 42, and the
pipes 19 and 23 fit loosely to permit air to pass, freely when; they are telescoped
either way..
The body of each lamp has two tubes 44, 45. forming a spaco to, be filled by the
wick 46 surrounded by the wick sleeve 47, leaving no space for gas to gather, thus
avoiding explosion.
49 is a drip cup upon a tube 50, which is perforated to admit air, within, the
tube 45.
51 is a perforated air distributor. 52 is. a, perforated,gallery-removably. held to
the body by means of a sleeve 54, and having the, usual ohimney holding fingers 53.
The air both within and without becomes highly heated causing perfect,combustion
and preventing smoke.
Having, now, particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven
tion, and in what manner, the same, is, to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :
1: The combination in a hydrocarbon lighting device, of a siphon-shaped con-
ducting pipe; a stop-cock plug at its highest point and an air trap connected with
a sleeve to revolve upon the plug, substantially as described.
21. The combination of a hydrocarbon conducting pipo: a stop-cook at the highest
point thereof having a port in its upper sido; and a sleeve, fitted to rotate upon the
plug and having a port to.register therewith,. substantially as described:
3. The combination of a hydrocarbon distributing pipe and a transparent tank for
oil, serving as an air trap, substantially as:described.
4. The combination of a hydrocarbon.distributing pipe and a transparent tank for
oil reversible upon an attachment of the pipe, substantially, as described.
5. The combination of a hydrocarbon distributing pipe and a chandelier
telescopically connected therewith, and a. flange and collar, connection, between the
telescoping pipes whereby the chandelier may revolve around its supply-pipe,
substantially as described.
6. The combination of a pendent hydrocarbon, distributing pipe; a,chandelier
telescopically connected therewith, a, flanged: collar connection between the
telescoping members and balance. weights, connected: with the movable member,
substantially as described:
7. The combination of a chandelier having lamps and oil compartments at

page_text: different levels; hydrocarbon distributing tanks located upon each of the said
levels; distributing pipes connecting the respective compartments and tanks of each
level; and telescoping connections between the compartments and their respective
supply pipes, substantially as described.
8. The combination of a pendent hydrocarbon distributing pipe; a chandelier
with lamps telescopically connected therewith and valves in the fixed pipes provided
with pendent stems adapted to be engaged by the rising member of the chandelier,
substantially as described.
9. The combination of a hydrocarbon distributing reservoir and two similar oil
cans connected therewith, the one above to supply the reservoir and the other below
as a drip dish.
10. The combination of a siphon-shaped hydrocarbon distributing pipe and a
priming cock located near the highest point of the pipe and adapted to admit a
tunnel.
11. The combination of a pendent hydrocarbon distributing pipe connected with
a reservoir; two lamps attached to the pipe at the level of the reservoir and braces
provided with levelling screws for the pendent pipe, substantially as described.
12. The combination of two suspended hydrocarbon lamps and braces having
levelling screws for the lamps, substantially as described.
Dated this 11th day of October 1892.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents.