IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
WILKES, of Darleston, in the County of Stafford, Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of January, in the third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Samuel Wilkes, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that I, the said Samuel Wilkes, my exors, adîñiors, and assigns,.or
such others as I, the said Samuel Wilkes, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Samuel
Wilkes, should cause a particular description of the nature of the Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the

page_text: said Samuel Wilkes, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to a mode of manufacturing hinges by casting the two
sides or flaps and hinge joint thereto at one time on to a suitable axis.
And in order to give the best information in my power, I will proceed to
describe the Drawing hereunto annexed,
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a plan or front view of a hinge constructed according to my
Invention; Figure 2 is an edge view of Figure 1; and Figure 3 is an axis
having thereon certain washers or plates which keep the parts of the hinge
joint separate, and prevent the melted metal running solid. The washers, as
shown in the Drawing, are thin discs of iron or other metal, and when the
hinge is cast these washers remain as parts of the hinges, but this is not abso-
lutely necessary, as the discs may be of hard paper or other suitable material,
which, being varnished and dusted over, will act during the time of casting to
prevent the melted metal of the two flaps or sides running together at the hinge
joint, the parts of which will thus be kept separate; but I consider it better
to use metal discs for the purpose, as shewn in Figure 1. The discs bare
perforated in the centre, and slide tightly on to the axis a, and when set on the
axis to a proper guage or distance apart will remain sufficiently secure. The
axis and discs thereon are varnished and dusted over with fine burned clay,
and are then in a proper state to be put into the mould to receive the melted
metal of which the hinge is to be made, and which is to be run thereon in
order to produce the two flaps or sides, and the hinge joint thereto.
Having thus described the nature of the hinge produced, according to my
Invention, by casting the two flaps or sides at one time on to a suitable axis, I
will now proceed to explain how I form the moulds for casting the same.
I take a frame, such as is commonly used by moulders, and fill it with sand,
and having properly pressed the sand therein, I turn the frame over in order to
use the even and smooth face of the sand in the frame, and then proceed to
place one or more pattern hinges on the surface according to the size of the
mould. I have, however, for convenience of description, shewn only a small
mould in the Drawing, suitable for casting one hinge at a time, but it will be
evident to workmen engaged as moulders that several hinges may be cast

page_text: in the same mould when the mould is sufficiently large. Having pressed the
front surface of the hinge into the frame of sand, I place iron filling pieces,
or what may be called "chills" C, into each of the open joints of the pattern
hinge, which is pressed into the surface of sand in the frame, as above
stated. I then place an empty frame on to the first, above explained, and
fill in sand, and properly press it down in order to produce a proper half mould,
as is well understood by moulders; and having filled the upper frame, I place a
board thereon and turn the two frames over, and then remove the first frame
of sand from the lower frame of sand, which will leave the hinge in the second
frame of sand with the front of the hinge upwards. I then place an empty
frame on to the second frame, and fill it with sand, in order to take an impres-
sion from the half mould which has the pattern hinge therein; and having
filled and properly pressed in the sand, as is well understood by moulders, I
remove the last frame of sand, by which a half mould No. 2 is produced, ready
for use.
I then again place the first, or what is technically called the "odd
side mould," on to the one containing the pattern hinge, and place a board on
the upper surface and turn the two frames over and remove the upper frame,
and thus is produced the half mould No. 1, ready for use, having the filling
pieces or "chills" projecting in their proper places for producing the hollow
joints, as is shown in the half mould No. 1 of the Drawing. I would, however,
remark, that in such case where the open joints are large, and will allow of
there being sufficient sand to hold together for forming such filling pieces, I
do not then use the iron filling pieces c; and it will be evident that when
the open joints are less the filling pieces will be thinner.
Figure 4 shows a section of the half mould No. 1; Figure 5 shows a section
of the half mould No. 2; and Figure 6 shows a section of the two half moulds
No. 1, No. 2, combined for casting therein.
d, d, No. 1 and No. 2, show the ducts, or what are sometimes by moulders
called "ridges," by which the melted metal of which the hinge is to be cast is
to be run into the mould, the mould being placed in a slanting direction,
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-the
mode of manufacturing hinges by casting the two flaps or sides with their
hinge joints, at one time, on to a suitable axis, as above described.
In witness whereof, the said Samuel Wilkes bath hereunto set his
hand and seal, this 16th day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty.
SAMUEL (L.S.) WILKES.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of July, in
the year of our Lord 1840, the aforesaid Samuel Wilkes came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty.