Improved Means of Coupling Glass-lined Pipes and Fittings.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 20th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 8th Mar., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means of Coupling Glass-lined Pipes and Fittings.
I, DAN RYLANDS of Hope Works Stairfoot near Barnsley in the County of York
Glass Bottle Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
To provide a ready and secure method of coupling up the straight lengths-bends-
tees and elbows constituting a service of glass lined piping and to ensure that the
liquid or gas contained in the piping shall come into contact only with the glass
lining and the jointing rings used in connecting the piping together. This is carried
out in the following manner.
On one end of a straight length of pipe I form either by welding or other process
an external annular projection. The other end of the pipe being also formed with a
threaded external annular projection. A coupling ring bored internally to two
diameters, the larger diameter being threaded, and the smaller diameter an easy fit
for the pipe.
The method of joining two pipes together is as follows, a jointing ring (which will
vary in the material of which it is composed to suit the character of the liquids or
gases to be conveyed) being placed between the two trued ends of the pipes to be
connected, the coupling ring carried by one of the pipes is by spanner or otherwise
screwed on to the threaded end of the pipe to be connected, compressing the joint
ring and ensuring a perfect joint. The pipes and joint ring being held stationary
and the coupling ring alone revolved will prevent any buckling of the jointing
ring.
The same result will be attained by threading both ends of one pipe, the com-
panion pipe carrying the external annular projections the coupling remaining the
same.
In place of the threads one pipe may carry at either of its ends two or more raised
inclined planes engaging with planes formed on the internal bore of the coupling ring
a slight turn of the coupling ring being in this instance only required to compress the
joint ring and make the joint.
Or one end of the pipo may be threaded with a right hand thread the opposite end
carrying a left hand thread-a right and left hand coupling will compress the joint
ring and the pipes being held stationary and the coupling only revolved will prevent
buckling of the joint ring.
Tees bends and elbows are threaded on their external diameters to match the
internal thread carried by the coupling ring.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means of Coupling Glass-lined Pipes and Fittings.
I, DAN RYLANDS, of Hope Glass Works, Stairfoot, near Barnsley in the County of
York, Glass Bottle Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
My invention relates to the coupling or connecting of glass lined pipes and
fittings.
In pipes and fittings of this character, that is to say, pipes and fittings lined with
glass, it is very important that there should be no twisting or turning of the pipes or
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page_text: fittings themselves whilst being coupled, otherwise the rubbing action that occurs
between the pipes and the jointing ring tends to abrade the ends of the glass linings
and to buckle the said ring. Under these circumstances the ends of the glass linings
become so worn or damaged that a good joint (that is to say, a joint which will
prevent the liquids or gases which pass through the pipe from coming into contact
with anything but the glass lining and jointing ring) cannot be made.
According to my invention I provide for coupling glass-lined pipes and fittings in
such a manner as to avoid the said rubbing and abrading action and to ensure that
the jointing ring shall be subjected only to direct compressing force.
I form on one end of the glass-lined pipe, by welding or otherwise, an external
collar or flange and on the end of the pipe or fitting to be coupled therewith I form
a screw threaded enlargement or boss. Before forming the said collar or flange I
place on the pipe a coupling nut provided at its inner end with an internal shoulder
or flange. The dimensions of the said nut are such that its internal shoulder will
freely slide on the pipe but will not pass over the collar at the end thereof, while on
the other hand the screwed portion of the nut will freely slide over the said collar.
The coupling nut is constructed to screw on the aforesaid threaded end of the com-
panion pipe or fitting, and the joint is made as follows, that is to say, the collared end
of the pipe, with its loose lantern nut thereon, and the screw-threaded end of the
companion pipe or fitting are brought together, a jointing ring of any suitable kind
having first been placed between the two ends, and the coupling nut is then screwed
home on the end of the said screw-threaded pipe or fitting. Inasmuch as the collar
and flange or shoulder on the pipe and nut respectively prevent the nut being drawn
off the pipe, the result of the above operation is that the pipes, or pipe and fitting, are
forcibly drawn together by a straight pull, the jointing ring is tightly compressed,
and a good joint is made, while all abrading action on the glass linings is avoided.
The sections of piping in any service may be so constructed that each pipe has a
screwed boss at one end and a plain collar at the other end provided with a loosely
fitting coupling nut as above described. Or the alternate lengths of piping may be
screw-threaded at both ends and the intermediate lengths flanged at both ends, and
provided with two coupling nuts. In the case of glass lined fittings, whether toes,
elbows, bends or other fittings, I prefer that the ends should be screw-threaded and
the coupling nuts mounted on the pipe sections to be connected thereto.
According to another modification of my invention, instead of providing the
coupling nut and the screw-threaded boss with which it engages with ordinary
continuous screw-threads, I form on the said boss two or more inclined planes each
extending through a fraction only of the circumference of the said boss and forming
portions of rapid pitch screw-threads, and I form in the nut, corresponding
internal inclined planes or (which answer the same purpose) projecting pieces
or lugs. A slight twist of the coupling nut is in this case, sufficient to tighten the
joint.
In a further modification I provide the two companion ends of the pipes or fittings
to be coupled together with screw threaded bosses, the one having a right-hand thread
and the other a left-hand thread, and I couple the ends of the pipes or fittings
together by a nut or ring, screw-threaded at the ends with right and left-hand threads
to correspond with those of the pipes or fittings. By the rotation of this nut in one
direction, the pipes or fittings are forcibly drawn together and a joint made without
any turning or twisting of the pipes themselves.
In the accompanying drawing I have shown how my said invention may be con-
veniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of my improved coupling for glass lined
pipes and fittings.
Figure 2 shows in longitudinal central section several parts of the said coupling
detached.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a coupling constructed according to one modifi-
cation of my invention.

page_text: Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line x, x, Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of a coupling constructed according to a further
modification of my invention and,
Figure 6 is a longitudinal central section of the coupling ring shown in Figure 5.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 A is the end portion of a glass lined pipe provided
with a collar or flange A. B is the end portion of a glass lined pipe or fitting,
provide with a screw-threaded enlargement or boss B₁, to be coupled to the pipe A.
C is a coupling nut mounted on the pipe A, and having an internal flange C. The
screw-threaded portion of the nut is sufficiently large to pass freely over the collar A',
while the flange C¹ is so constructed that it will fit easily on the body of the pipe but
will not pass over the said collar. The screw-threaded hoss B' is constructed to fit
screw threaded part of the coupling-nut C. To couple the pipes or pipe and
fitting A, B, all that is required is to bring the two companion ends together, with
a jointing ring or washer D between them and to screw the coupling nut B on
the boss B', when the internal flange C¹ will bear on the collar A and draw tho
parts A Bi forcibly together. The only piece that turns in this operation is the
coupling nut, so that there is no rubbing or abrading of the ends of the glass
linings.
In the modification shown in Figures 3 and 4 the boss B' is constructed with two
or more projecting inclined planes (each extending through a fraction only of the
circumference of the boss) in lieu of being screw-threaded as shown in Figures 1
and 2. The coupling nut is constructed with corresponding inclined planes e or with
simple internal lugs or projections adapted to slide over the planes b. The said
inclined planes form portions of screw-threads of very rapid pitch, and the
action when screwing on the coupling nut is precisely that of an ordinary screw-
threaded nut with this advantage that a slight turn of the nut is sufficient to make the
joint.
In the further modification shown in Figures 5 and 6, both ends of the pipes or
fittings A and B have screw-threaded bosses A2, B'. One of the screw threads
however is left-handed and the other right handed, and the coupling-nut C, which in
this case is a plain ring or nut without internal flange, is screw-threaded at the ends
with right and left hand threads to correspond, as shown in Figure 6. Therefore
the rotation of the nut will draw both ends equally and force them together on the
jointing ring D.
In the case of fittings of any kind, and where the plan of coupling adopted is either
of those shown in Figures 1 to 4 I prefer that the coupling nut should be mounted on
the pipe and not on the fitting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it understood
that I claim :-
Glass-lined pipes and fittings coupled by any of the methods substantially as
hereinabove described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
1800
DAN RYLANDS.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.