Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c., Act, 1883), as required by
the decision of the Comptroller General of the 5th day of May 1897.
Date of Application, 22nd Oct., 1396-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1397
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
I, CHARLES FREDERICK LAVENDER, of No. 17 Temperance Street, Toronto
County, in the Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to elastic tyres which are removably fastened to the wheel
rim, and more especially to pneumatic tyres having a sheath or cover which is split
lengthwise and in which the pressure of the inflated inner tube aids in retaining the
tyre in engagement with the fastenings on the rim.
My invention has for its object to provide a reliable fastening which may be used
in connection with a wooden rim as well as a metallic rim, and which relieves the
rim from strain.
In the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of my improved tyre applied to a
wooden wheel rim, the inflatable tube being omitted.
Figure 2 is a cross section thereof, taken through one of the spokes.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of the fasteners and a portion of the tyre
sheath and
Figure 4 is a cross section of a modified construction of the improvement.
Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.
A represents a solid, wooden wheel rim, having the usual concave face which
is preferably provided in its central portion with a longitudinal groove or
depression a. Bere the spokes having the nipples b arranged in openings formed
in the rim.
C is the inner inflatable tube of the tyre and D the cover or sheath which has
the ordinary canvas lining d and is split lengthwise on its inner side, to permit the
insertion and removal of the inflatable tube. The sheath is provided along each of
its longitudinal edges with an annular, reinforcing band e of steel or other strong
and flexible material. These bands are arranged in pockets preferably formed by
hemming the edges of the canvas lining; as shown in the drawing. These bands
are split and cach pocket of the canvas lining is provided with a transverse slit e¹
to permit the hands to be inserted into the pocket. Each band is longer than the
pocket and the ends of the band extend across the slit of its pocket and overlap
each other within the pocket, as shown in Figure 1, thereby keeping the ends of
the band in alignment.
Frepresents fasteners or catches attached to the face of the rim and adapted

page_text: to engage with the tyre sheath. Each of these fasteners consists of a narrow strip
or plate of metal secured transversely in the groove a of the concave face of the
rim and provided at its ends with hooks or lips f which engage with the metallic
bands of the sheath, the latter being provided adjacent to the inner side of the
bards with openings or recesses g for the passage of the hooks.
The fasteners are arranged at intervals around the entire rim and may be
secured to the latter by any suitable means, but they are preferably arranged
coincident with the spoke nipples and secured to the rim by the heads of the
nipples as shown, each fastener being provided for this purpose with a central
opening for the passage of the nipple, which opening is smaller than the nipple
head and is preferably bevelled to countersink the head. The fasteners thus serve
also as washers which prevent withdrawal of the nipple or spoke heads from the
openings in the rim. If desired, additional fasteners may be arranged on the rim
between the spokes.
The openings or recesses of the sheath are formed at the proper intervals to
register with the hooks of the fasteners.
In applying the tyre to the rim, the air tube is first placed into the sheath and
the reinforcing bands of the latter are then engaged with the hooks of the rim
around the entire circumference of the latter, before inflating the air tube. Upon
inflating the tube, the edges of the sheath are drawn ontward tightly, causing the
inner edges of the reinforcing bands e to bear firmly against the books or lips of
the fasteners and securely attaching the tyre to the rim. When necessary, the tyre
is readily removed from the rim, by deflating the air tube and disconnecting the
marginal bands of the sheath from the hooked fasteners.
By splitting the bands, they can adjust themselves evenly around the rim and
draw uniformly on all of the fasteners when the air tube is inflated.
My improvement is particularly desirable in connection with a wooden rim, as
the lateral strains exerted by the sheath are received entirely by the hooks, thus
relieving the rim and preventing splitting thereof. These lateral strains counteract
ench other, and the heads of the spokes or spoke nipples are therefore subjected to
little, if any, side strain.
This improved fastener is obviously applicable to a metallic rim as well as a
wooden rim.
In Figure, my improvement is represented as applied to a tyre having its
sheath provided in its edges with endless reinforcing wire rings or bands h. In
this case, the ends of the fasteners are bent in the form of straight angular lips or
flanges i instead of in the shape of hooks, and these lips pass through holes in the
canvas lining of the sheath and bear against the inner sides of the endless wires, as
in the construction, first described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware
that it has previously been proposed to use binders or fasteners having hooked edges
for connecting together the divided edges of the covers of pneumatic tyres, and
I make no claim to such fasteners broadly, but what I claim is:-
1. The combination with the wheel rim provided on its face with fasteners, of a
tyre provided at its marginal edges with split attaching bands having their ends
overlapping, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with the wheel rim provided on its face with fasteners, of a
tyre having a cover or sheath provided with pockets in its marginal edges, and
split bauds arranged in said pockets, engaging with said fastener and having their
ends overlapped within the puckets, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with the wheel rim, of a separate fastener secured to the
face of the rim and consisting of a narrow plate or strip secured transversely to
the face of the rim and provided with hooks or lips, and a tyre having a split
cover or sheath provided at its marginal edges with reinforcing bands which
engage with the hooks or lips of said fasteners, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 4. The combination with the wheel rim, of a separate fastening secured to the
face of the rim and consisting of a plate or strip provided at its ends with
hooks or lips, and a tyre having a split cover or sheath provided at its marginal
edges with reinforcing bands which engage with said hooks or lips and on the inner
sides of said bands with openings which receive such hooks or lips, substantially as
set forth.
5. The combination with the wheel rim and a spoke, of a separate tyre
fastener consisting of a narrow strip or plate seated transversely on the rim
face and provided at its ends with hooks or lips adapted to engage with the
wheel tyre, and between said hooks with an opening which receives the spoke
whereby the fastener serves also as a washer for the spoke head, substantially as
Bet fortb.
Dated this and doz of October 1806
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.