Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of Saucers, Plates, Boxes, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1894-Accepted, 8th Dec., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Saucers, Plates, Boxes, and the like.
We, JULIUS MOHS, Mechanical Engineer, and EDMUND ZAREK, Merchant,
both of Grünestrasse 10, Dresden, Saxony, trading under the style of Mohs and
Zarek, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
Bame is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In the Complete Specification of Letters Patent No. 6881 dated 1st April 1893
and granted to one of us, viz. the said Julius Mohs, there is described machinery
or apparatus for the manufacture of saucers, plates, boxes and the like, wherein a
die is arranged to press a piece of cardboard or like material into a mould for
forming an article of the kind mentioned, a main feature of the said machinery or
apparatus being the arrangement of the parts so as to double or to repeat the
pressure of the die against the article to be formed, as set forth in Claim 7 of the
said Specification, by imparting to the reciprocating bar or plunger that carries
the die, a double or repeated forward movement during each rotation of the
driving-shaft of the machine, and to maintain to some extent, by means of spring-
action, the pressure of the die on the article between the two periods of compression
thus produced.
Now, the present invention relates to improvements in the mechanical arrange-
ments of the said machine or apparatus for the purpose of maintaining the full
pressure of the die against the article being formed during the whole of the time
it is in the mould and of releasing the said pressure only for the time requisite for
the removal of the formed article from the mould and for the feeding of a new piece
of cardboard into a position to be acted upon by the die for the formation of the
succeeding article.
By the improvements hereinafter described we dispense with the spring-action
between the die and its reciprocating bar described in the said former Specification,
and we obtain the advantage that a continuous and full pressure of the die is exerted
upon the article to be formed, thereby improving the same in its shape and
simplifying the machine employed.
Another advantage obtained by doing away with the repeated reciprocation of
the die in the mould to produce double pressure against the article to be formed,
is that the mould may be constructed of considerably less depth in proportion to
that of the article to be formed than in the earlier arrangement, which effects an
important reduction in the cost of the various moulds required for the great variety
of articles to be produced.
The improved machine will be particularly useful in the manufacture of articles
of a flat, dished or hollow shape, such as saucers, plates, and shallow boxes with
ornaments or designs on their surfaces.
The present invention mainly consists in the fact that the joint pin uniting the
connecting-rods attached respectively to the main crank and to the reciprocating
bar or plunger (hereinafter referred to as the reciprocating plunger) is arranged to
work within a fixed slot which is preferably made in the framing of the machine
and is so formed that its main part constitutes an arc having its centre at the axis
of the pin joining the connecting-rod to the reciprocating plunger when the latter
is in its position of full pressure, so that whilst the aforesaid joint pin is moving to
and fro within this part of the slot the full pressure of the die will be exerted
against the article being formed within the mould. The other part of the slot is

page_text: so formed that the pin will run up or along it during the remainder of the
rotation of the crank and will thereby withdraw the die for a short period from
the mould in order to allow the formed article to be removed from the mould
and a new piece of cardboard to be fed into position to be pressed to shape in
the mould by the next stroke of the die.
And in order that this invention may be fully understood, reference is had
to the accompanying drawings in which our invention is illustrated as applied
to machines of various constructions, only so much of the machines being shown
as is necessary to understand the present invention.
In these drawings,
Fig. 1 is a sectional side view of a machine with a horizontally arranged
reciprocating plunger and mould;
Fig. 2 is a sectional side view of a machine in which the said parts are
vertically arranged;
Fig. 3 is a side view of a machine similarly arranged to that shown in Fig. 2
but provided with a modified form of slot according to this invention.
Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrams hereinafter explained.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, on the driving-shaft of the machine, which is
continuously rotated by any suitable means such as a driving pulley and belt, is
fixed a crank r that is connected by means of a rod p to the connecting-rods which
works the reciprocating plunger u and its die e, for forming, for example,
L-shaped saucers, as indicated in section in Fig. 2. The connecting-rods p and s
are jointed together by a pint provided with an anti-friction roller which works
within a fixed slot consisting of two parts o¹ and o². The part o' is in the form of
an arc having its centre at the axis of the pin connecting the rods and the
reciprocating plunger u when the latter is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the
consequence being that while the roller of the pin is working within the part o',
full and continuous pressure of the die e will be exerted against the L-shaped
saucer. This pressure will last during the greater part of the revolution of the
crank r.
When the pin t, in consequence of the continuation of the revolution of the
crank r, leaves the part o' of the slot, it will enter the part o² and being caused to
move along this part, it will draw back the reciprocating plunger u so as to with-
draw the die e from the mould, and the time of travel within the part o² will suffice
for the removal of the saucer from the mould and the feeding of a new piece of
cardboard in front of the die. The means for feeding the new piece of cardboard
are not shewn in the drawings, as these means do not form any part of the present
invention and may be of any suitable kind.
In the case of machines with a vertically arranged reciprocating plunger u, such
as shown in Fig. 2, it will be seen that when the pin t has run up the part o of the
slot, there is a tendency of the parts s, u and e to descend voluntarily under the
action of gravity especially if these parts are of considerable weight; and that
this tendency does not exist in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 as in this case the
parts rest in horizontal guides. It will therefore be necessary, to provide the
arrangement illustrated in Fig. 2, with means, as for example a locking or friction
device, arranged to act either automatically or by hand, for preventing the parts s
u and e from slipping down; or, for a like purpose, we prefer to form the part o³
in the manner shewn in Fig. 3, the part o' in this case consisting of two portions
forming with each other an upwardly pointing angle. The effect of forming the
part o in this manner will be that the parts s, u and e will be suspended in the
terminal portion o³ of the said angle and any tendency of the said parts to slip
will be counteracted. Of course this modified form of slot will necessitate a
different length of stroke of the crank r and of the rod p from those indicated
in Fig. 2.
It will be seen that in each of the three arrangements shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3,
the reciprocating rod u and its die e will be at a standstill during the whole of the
travel of the pin t within the part o' of the slot, and that the die e will exert all

page_text: the while a full pressure upon the surface of the articles being formed and upon
the ornaments of the surface of the said articles.
In Fig. 4 there is shown diagrammatically a modified form of the part o' which
may sometimes be necessary for the purpose of causing a slightly intermittent
pressure of the die e upon the article in the mould during its formation. In this
case the part of is wave-shaped and may comprise two or more curved parts or
waves according to circumstances. A slight reduction of the pressure of the die
may be thus produced during the pressing operation, but this reduction may be
arranged to be so slight that the article will not be capable of rising out of or
leaving its mould; the repetition of pressure caused by this form of slot will
prove to be an advantage in the production of certain articles, such as ornamented
dishes or plates of cardboard or other material, by the action of the die.
Fig. 5 illustrates diagrammatically a modified arrangement for transmitting
motion from the crank to the reciprocating plunger u and die e by means of a
connecting-rod p, o' o³, and a connecting rod s. In this case the rod s is connected
to the reciprocating plunger u and die e by a levers and link s².
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a machine for the manufacture or production of saucers, plates, boxes, and
the like by pressure from flat pieces of suitable material such as cardboard,
transmitting the rotary motion of the main crank to the reciprocating plunger (u)
and die (e) by means of two connecting-rods (p and) that are jointed together
and guided by a pin arranged to work in a fixed slot (o', o³) of such a shape that
the die will be caused to exert a continuous pressure upon the article from the
beginning to the end of the time during which the said article is being formed,
substantially as herein before described.
2. For the manufacture or production of saucers, plates, boxes and the like by
pressure from flat pieces of material such as cardboard, machinery or apparatus
provided with die operating mechanism constructed arranged and operating as
hereinbefore described with reference respectively to and shown in Fig. 1;
in Fig. 2; and in Fig. 3, or modified according to Fig. 4 or according to Fig. 5,
of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1894.