IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE- SHOES, AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Sellman Tomlin, of Westbourne Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Farrier, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-
SHOES, AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Sellman Tomlin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th November 1879.
CHARLES SELLMAN TOMLIN, of Westbourne Park, in the County of Middlesex,
Farrier. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES, AND IN APPLIANCES
THEREWITH."
CONNECTED
The object of this Invention is to prevent horses and other animals from
slipping.
For this purpose I make a screw stud with a head of steel, iron, or other suitable
metal, the head being advantageously from about a quarter of an inch to two
inches in depth or thereabouts, according to circumstances. The shoulder of this
screw stud may be either round or square, and a chisel pointed or other spike forins
its head, but in some cases the head may be square instead of spiked. A hole is
punched through each side of the heel of the shoe, which may be formed with a
set-off," and through which the stem of the screw stud is passed from the under
to the upper side, and is there securely fixed by a nut or otherwise.
In the case of some horses it will be found more effectual to fix this square or
spike headed screw stud in the toe or side of the shoe.
To carry out this part of my Invention I make a mortice on the inner surface of
the shoe, with the aid of a set hammer, or I may make it half-way through the
inner surface of the shoe. In this mortice I place a nut before applying the shoe
to the horse, and when the shoe is on the screw stud is then inserted.
Instead of the screw studs above mentioned, I may use in certain cases a semi-
circular or other shaped toeplate, which is fixed to the under side of the shoe by
nuts and mortices, as above described. The front part of this plate is much deeper
than the sides, and may either be square or chisel edged.
Another part of my Invention relates to an improved box spanner to be used to
hold the screw nuts of the shoes above described. Box spanners have hitherto
been made with four sides, but I make them with three sides only, the front side
being cut away.

page_text: bave heads which may be square, hexagonal, or of other suitable form to permit
the employment of a wrench or spanner for turning the same, and between their
screw-threaded end d¹ and their heads are provided with a cylindrical or conical
plain or unthreaded portion d³ which fits into a corresponding hole in the shoe a,
as represented in Figure 4. The bolts d when screwed into the said nuts will
retain the toe-plate b firmly in position, and when such toe-plate is worn out or it
is desired to renew or remove the same for any reason the said bolts may be readily
unscrewed without detaching the shoe from the horse's hoof.
I will now proceed to describe the method of securing the screw-studs or calks o
to the heel of the shoe, as shewn in the above named Figures. For this purpose
the calk, which is formed of iron, steel, or other suitable metal is provided with a
head which may be wedge-shaped or square, as in Figures 5 and 6, or of any
other suitable shape, and I form the said calk with a square or other suitably
shaped shank c¹ adapted to fit a correspondingly shaped hole punched or otherwise
formed through the shoe a when placed in position, and thereby prevent any
rotary movement of the same. The outer end of this shank c' is screw-threaded,
as shewn at c³, and when the said calk is inserted into the hole in the shoe from
the underside, that is to say, the side which touches the ground, the said screw-
threaded portion extends into a mortise depression or recess f¹ formed in the
upper surface of the shoe, and is then secured in position by a nut g screwed upon
the said threaded end. The front portion b' of the toe-plate 6 is shewn much
deeper than its sides or ends 62, and with a wedge or chisel shaped edge, but the
said edge may if desired be square or flat.
In Figures 7 to 11 I have shewn a slightly modified form of the toe-plate or
calk b, which is provided with countersunk holes through which the threaded ends
of the screws d are passed, and into which the conical heads of the said screws fit,
as shewn in Figure 11 when screwed into the nuts e; this screwing-in may be
effected by an ordinary screw-driver. By this arrangement I avoid any pro-
tuberance or projecting of the head of the screws d beyond the lower or ground
surface of the said toe-calk. The above named Figures also represent a modified
form of the heel-studs or calks c.
In the modification shewn in Figures 12 to 16 the toe-plate b is inserted in a
recess or mortise in the under surface of the shoe, being secured in position therein
by screws d in a similar manner to that above described.
The pony's shoe, Figures 17 and 18, is without a toe-plate or calk, but is
provided with two screw-studs or calks at the heel, the said calks being secured in
position by screw-nuts inserted in mortises in the said shoe.
The shoe shewn in Figures 19 and 20 has a stud or calk arranged at the side, as
shewn at c* in addition to those at the heel, the said calk being provided with a
shank screwed upon its outer end, and adapted to enter the screwed nut e inserted
in a mortise in the upper surface of the shoe in a similar manner to that described
with reference to the screw-studs d. In some cases instead of employing a toe-calk,
I insert at the front portion of the shoe any desired number of calks similar to that
shewn at c*, the said calks being provided with round shanks which are screw-
threaded on their outer ends to enter the nuts e inserted in mortises, as above
described.
Having thus fully described my said Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I wish it understood that I do not claim as my Invention the providing
of a horse-shoe with toe-plates, calks, studs, or other projecting pieces, irrespective
of the peculiar and novel means for fixing the same on the shoe, in such a manner
as to allow the said toe-plates, calks, or studs to be removed or replaced without
taking the shoe from the animal's foot, but I claim,―
First. A horse-shoe with heel-studs or calks secured thereto by nuts in mortises
or recesses in the upper surface of the said shoe, substantially as set forth and for
the purpose specified.
Second. A horse-shoe provided with a toe-plate secured to the same by screws,
which enter nuts placed in mortises or recesses in the upper surface of the said

page_text: shoe, so that the said nuts will lie between the latter and the animal's hoof, as above
set forth and for the purposes specified.
Third. A horse-shoe provided with heel-studs or calks, and with a toe-plate or
with one or more side or front studs or calks instead of a toe-plate, all of which
are secured to the shoe by means of nuts in mortises or recesses in the upper part
of the shoe, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Sellman Tomlin, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
HENRY HARRIS LAKE,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
CHARLES SELLMAN TOMLIN. (L.B.)