IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREVENTION OF THE PASSAGE OF HEAT TO OR FROM PIPES VESSELS AND BODIES AND IN THE PREVENTION OF ACCESS OF MOISTURE THERETO AND IN " APPLIANCES FOR THOSE PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Thomas Whiteman of No 7 Staple Inn in the
County of Middlesex Patent Agent for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PREVENTION OF THE PASSAGE OF HEAT TO OR FROM PIPES VESSELS AND
BODIES AND IN THE PREVENTION OF ACCESS OF MOISTURE THERETO AND IN
"
APPLIANCES FOR THOSE PURPOSES A communication from abroad by John
Lawrence Lee of the City of New York in the County and State of New
York in the United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Thomas Whiteman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th May 1882.
WILLIAM THOMAS WHITEMAN of No. 7 Staple Inn in the County of Middlesex
Patent Agent
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREVENTION OF THE PASSAGE OF HEAT TO
OR FROM PIPES, VESSELS, AND BODIES, AND IN THE PREVENTION OF ACCESS OF
MOISTURE THERETO AND IN APPLIANCES FOR THOSE PURPOSES." [A communication
from abroad by John Lawrence Lee of the City of New York in the County and
State of New York in the United States of America]
The object of this invention is the more perfect insulation of steam or hot water
pipes, or pipes containing other heated bodies to prevent loss of heat by radiation,
and conduction and to prevent the contact of moisture.
The invention is broadly applicable wherever these ends, i,e non conduction of
heat, and exclusion of moisture or either of them are desired.
Many non conductors such as asbestos mineral wool felt and paper, have been
used with more or less success but all have required absolutely water proof envelopes
to prevent absorption of moisture when used where contact of moisture may occur
as when laid underground.
The present invention consists in the use of lamp black which repels moisture,
and is at the same time an excellent non conductor Various modes of application
may be used. One method is, the compression to a greater or less extent of lamp
black, in bags of woven material rendered incombustible by a solution of alum or

page_text: any other well known method compressed to any uniform thickness and of any
required length, the width to correspond with the circumference of the pipe with a
loose flap which is rendered adhesive and at the same time waterproof These bags
containing lamp black are drawn around the pipe and the flaps fastened, securing
a layer of insulating material of uniform thickness around the pipe. The point of
juncture being waterproof prevents moisture being carried to the pipe by capillary
attraction. The bags may be fastened more securely by wire wound spirally or
otherwise around the insulating sack, continuously or at intervals; and the whole
may if desired be coated with a waterproof material or enclosed in a metallic case.
These sacks may be of any desired dimensions and applied spirally and secured by
wiring as before described and finally painted with a waterproof material
Lamp black may also be used with other insulators, either intimately mingled
with them or applied in layers. It may be desired thus to apply to a surface a
layer of mineral wool, asbestos, or other incombustible material and the whole
enveloped in lamp black by any of the methods described. Or the lamp black may
be thrown into a brick or other trench through which pipes requiring insulation
pass, completely surrounding them. Or sheets of paper rendered incombustible
may be used of dimensions to surround the pipe and leave room for the desired
thickness of insulating material with an adhesive edge or flap to retain the lamp
black in position until enclosed in some supporting envelope. This method may
be used for other insulating purposes.
The lamp black may be introduced into a casing, composed of metal, brick,
cement, stone, or other material of larger dimensions than the pipe to be insulated
without any woven covering. It is desirable to prevent the access of air as by
this means the lamp black can stand very high temperature without possibility of
combustion or ignition. This material may be used for purposes of insulation and
prevention of radiation and conduction, and exclusion of moisture wherever such
ends are desired.
For ice water pitchers or reservoirs for preservation of ice, as in sick rooms, the
invention may be applied by filling with lamp black a metallic or other cover to
be placed over the vessel containing ice, or in the covers of vessels for containing
soup or cooked dishes, a non conducting rim could be introduced so that the metal,
if metal be used may not be continuous from the interior to the exterior.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Thomas Whiteman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th November 1882.
WILLIAM THOMAS WHITEMAN of No. 7 Staple Inn in the County of Middlesex
Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREVENTION OF THE PASSAGE OF HEAT
TO OR FROM PIPES VESSELS AND BODIES AND IN THE PREVENTION OF ACCESS OF
"3
MOISTURE THERETO AND IN APPLIANCES FOR THOSE PURPOSES A communication
from abroad by John Lawrence Lee of the City of New York in the County and
State of New York in the United States of America.
The object of this invention is the more perfect insulation of steam or hot water
pipes or pipes containing other heated bodies to prevent loss of heat by radiation
and conduction and to prevent the contact of moisture.
The invention is broadly applicable wherever these ends i.e. non conduction of
heat and exclusion of moisture or either of them are desired
Many non conductors such as asbestos mineral wool felt and paper have been
used with more or less success but all have required absolutely waterproof envelopes
to prevent absorption of moisture when used where contact of moisture may occur
as when laid underground.
The present invention consists in the use of lamp black which repels moisture
and is at the same time an excellent non conductor. Various modes of application
may be used.
One method is the compression to a greater or less extent of lamp
black in bags of woven material rendered incombustible by a solution of alum or any
other well known method compressed to any uniform thickness and of any required
length the width to correspond with the circumference of the pipe with a loose flap
which is rendered adhesive and at the same time waterproof. These bags containing
lamp black are drawn around the pipe and the flaps fastened securing a layer of
insulating material of uniform thickness around the pipe. The point of junction
being waterproof prevents moisture being carried to the pipe by capillary attrac-
tion. The bags may be fastened more securely by wires wound spirally or
otherwise around the insulating sack continuously or at intervals, and the whole
may if desired be coated with a waterproof material or enclosed in a metallic case.
These sacks may be of any desired dimensions and applied spirally and secured by
wiring as before described and finally painted with a waterproof material.
Lamp black may also be used with other insulators either intimately mingled
with them or applied in layers. It may be desired thus to apply to a surface a
layer of mineral wool asbestos or other incombustible material and the whole
enveloped in lamp black by any of the methods described. Or the lamp black
may be thrown into a brick or other trench through which pipes requiring insula-
tion pass completely surrounding them. Or sheets of paper rendered incombustible
may be used of dimensions to surround the pipe and leave room for the desired
thickness of insulating material with an adhesive edge or flap to retain the lamp
black in position until enclosed in some supporting envelope. This method may
be used for other insulating purposes.
The lamp black may be introduced into a casing composed of metal, brick,
cement stone or other material of larger dimensions than the pipe to be insulated
without any woven covering. It is desirable to prevent the access of air as by this
means the lamp black can stand very high temperatures without possibility of
combustion or ignition. This material may be used for purposes of insulation and
prevention of radiation and conduction and exclusion of moisture wherever such
ends are desired.

page_text: For ice water pitchers or reservoirs for prevention of ice as in sick rooms the
invention may be applied by filling with lamp black a metallic or other cover to
be placed over the vessel containing ice; or in the covers of vessels for containing
soup or cooked dishes a non conducting rim could be introduced so that the metal
if metal be used may not be continuous from the interior to the exterior.
Having now described the nature of this invention and the manner in which it
is to be performed I wish it to be understood that I claim as the said invention of
Improvements in the prevention of the passage of heat to or from pipes vessels
and bodies and in the prevention of access of moisture thereto and in appliances for
those purposes."
First The use of lamp black as a moisture repelling packing material substan-
tially as described.
Secondly The use of lamp black for preventing or retarding the passage of heat
to or from vessels or bodies substantially as herein before described
Thirdly Preventing the passage of heat from and the access of moisture to
underground mains or pipes by jacketing them with or embedding them in lamp
black substantially as hereinbefore described
Fourthly Laying underground mains or pipes used for the conveyance of steam
hot water or the like in trenches containing lamp black and embedding the said
inains or pipes therein substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Fifthly The method of applying finely divided lamp black to steam and other
pipes by filling bags with the same and wrapping the bags around the pipes
substantially as described.
Sixthly Surrounding steam or other pipes with bags filled with lamp black
substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Seventhly Woven envelopes filled with lamp black for jacketing steam pipes
and other articles substantially as described
.
In witness whereof I the said William Thomas Whiteman have hereunto set
my hand and seal this tenth day of November in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty two
TTY
WITTITARYANY