CERTAIN APPARATUS BY THE APPLICATION OF KNOWN PRINCIPLES TO PRESERVE ANIMAL FOOD, VEGETABLE FOOD, AND OTHER PERISHABLE ARTICLES A LONG TIME FROM PERISH- ING OR BECOMING USELESS
Year: 1810

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTUS
DE HEINE, of Burr Street, East Smithfield, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of
February, in the fiftieth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said
Augustus de Heine, my exors, admiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Augu stus de Heine,
my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, during the term of years the rein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN
APPARATUS BY THE APPLICATION OF KNOWN PRINCIPLES TO PRESERVE ANIMAL FOOD,
VEGETABLE FOOD, AND OTHER PERISHABLE ARTICLES A LONG TIME FROM PERISH-
ING OR BECOMING USELESS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso, obliging me the said Augustus de Heine, by an instrument in writing.
under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chaucery within six calendar months after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, relation
being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
Augustus de Heine, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described
in the following manner and in the Drawings hereunto annexed.

page_text: My Invention consists in the construction of the vessels wherein the
substances are to be preserved, and in the manner of exhausting the same
vessels by an apparatus to be described. The vessels which I call the
preserving vessels, may be made of iron, glass, or any other metal, or of
earthenware of any shape and size required, strong enough to withstand
the pressure of the atmosphere when exhausted; the opening must be
made as sinall as the introduction of the substances to be preserved will
allow, the cover must be made of iron, glass, or any other metal or hard
air-tight substance well fitted in the vessel. On this cover is a box or
purtuberance wherein a valve is fitted that will let the air escape out of the
vessel, but not suffer it to come in. Fig. 1 and 2 represent the preserving
vessels. Fig. 3 and 4 represent the covers to the same, with the box
and the conical hole for the valve to play in Fig. 5 represents a preserving
vessel, and the manner of exhausting it by the common air, aud which
will do in cases where no great nicety is required; when the substances
'to be preserved are put in the preserving vessel, the rim or joint of the
cover must be well secured with cement that will keep the air out;
asphaltum, pitch, rosin and turpentine make a good cement, but other
substances as bees' wax, scaling wax, &c. may be used; also the box on the
cover must fit in the air pump; then when the piston is drawn, the air will
lift the valve; by repeated strokes the vessel will be nearly exhausted, when
the valve must be immediately covered with cement. The process with the
common air pump is tedious and not to be relied on. Instead of the common
air pump
I make use of the following method. Fig. 6, A is the body of
the vessel which 1 call the exhausting vessel, made of iron or any other
metal, of glass or earthenware, of any size or shape, the larger the better..
B is a cistern of iron or any other metal, on which the vessel A is fixed by
the open neck at C, which makes a communication between the vessel A
and the cistern B; D is a valve in the cistern, over this valve the pump E
is fixed; when the piston F is drawn up it will draw any fluid out of the
cistern, and this fluid is by the action of the pump thrown in the vessel G
surrounding the pump G; H, is a small tube fixed by a flanche and screws,
or fastened any other convenient way on the top of the exhausting vessel;
this tube is made of brass, lead, or any other metal, and has a communi-
cation by a small opening with the exhausting vessel; at the end of this tube
is a vertical tube N, the bottom part of which is made to fix in the box
in the cover of the preserving vessel over the valve at L; in this tube is fitted
a piston M well ground in; at the bottom of this piston is a small screw
that fits in the valve at I, and at the top the tube is made wider, and which

page_text: is filled with mercury to prevent the air from penetrating by the piston ;
L is a vacuum gage; X, X, is a pipe of communication between the cistern B
and the reservoir G; K is a cock in this pipe; the operation is as follows:-
The preserving vessel Fig. 6, at W, is put under the vertical tube N, so that
the bottom part of the tube fits on the box in the cover with air filled leather
under it, as is well known. The exhausting vessel A is filled with water,
mercury, or any other fluid, by opening the cock at K; then by working
the water pump at B, the water or other fluid will be drawn out of the
cistern, and consequently cause a vacuum in the exhausting vessel and of
course in the pipe at H, and the air contained in the preserving vessels W
will come out by the valve at I; when the exhauster is quire empty turn
the cock at K and fill it again, then you can see what quantity of air there is
come out of the preserving vessel, as it will prevent the exhausting vessel from
filling till you draw the piston at M; repeat the operation till you see by the
vacuum gage that you gain no more; when the air in the preserving vessel
become too weak to lift the valve at I, depress the piston at M, and by half
a turn take hold with the small screws at the lower end in the valve, and
lift the valve, then the vacuum will be as strong in the preserving vessel
as in the exhausting vessel, which the vacuum gage will shew; the same
thing may be done by steam, as is well known and not necessary to be here
mentioned; the preservation of animal food and other substances being of
great consequence, and the subject of such magnitude that a great many
discoveries may be expected, and will be made.
In witness whercof, I, the said Augustus de Heine, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of August in the year of our
T
A. DE HEINE. (L.S.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED that on the Twenty-fourth day of August,
in the year of our Lord 1810, the aforesaid Augustus de Heine came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and ten.