IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POLISHING. SMOOTHING, OH FACING. ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO LITHOGRAPHIC STONES
Year: 1865

page_text: Sealed the 1st December 1865, and dated the 21st June 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Gardner
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st. June 1865.
I, CHARLES HENRY GARDNER, of the Firm of Hughes and Kimber, of
West Harding Street, Fetter Lane, in the City of London, Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR POLISHING. SMOOTHING, OH FACING. ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO LITHOGRAPHIC
STONES," to be as follows:-
The apparatus is worked by steam or other power, and is thus con-
structed: A carriage for supporting the stone or other substance to be
polished, smoothed, or faced is free to slide or travel in a framework.
horizontal reciprocating motion being communicated to it by crank arms or
similar contrivances. actuated by a driving axis. In the framework is also
Price 8d.1

page_text: mounted a polisher or polishing instrument which has two motions imparted
to it by arrangements driven from the axis; one motion is a rotary motion,
and the other is a horizontal traversing motion, whereby it travels over the
surface of the stone or other substance on the carriage. The rotary motion
may be communicated by a worm wheel driven by pulley and band, and the
traversing motion by an endless screw worked by pawl and ratchet. The
polisher consists preferably of a metal plate fixed on an axis, and having a
raised edge; its under side forms the polishing surface, and its upper side
holds the sand or other polishing or levigating agent, which is fed with water
or liquid from a cistern or vessel, and passes to the stone or surface to be
polished through orifices in the plate. A scraper is provided, working over
the upper side of the plate to distribute or equalize the sand or other agent.
The pressure of the polisher may be adjusted by screws.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Henry Gardner in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HENRY GARDNER, of the Firm of Hughes and Kimber, of West Harding
Street, Fetter Lane, in the City of London, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Henry Gardner, Her special licence that J, the said
Charles Henry Gardner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as 1, the said Charles Henry Gardner, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others. from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel, Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POLISHING,
SMOOTHING, OR FACING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO LITHOGRAPHIC STONES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Henry Gardner, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under ny, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be

page_text: performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Henry Gardner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say:-
The apparatus is worked by steam or other power, and is thus con-
structed: A carriage for supporting the stone or other substance to be
polished, smoothed, or faced is free to slide or travel in a framework; and.
horizontal reciprocating motion is communicated to the carriage by arms or
similar contrivances, actuated by a driving axis. In the framework is also
mounted a polisher or polishing instrument, which has two motions imparted
to it by arrangements driven from the axis; one motion is a rotary motion,
the other is a horizontal traversing motion, whereby the polisher is made to
travel over the surface of the stone or other substance on the carriage. The
rotary motion may preferably be communicated by a worm wheel driven by
pulley and band, and the traversing motion, by a screw worked by pawi and
raichet. My improved polisher consists of a plate fixed on an axis, and
having a raised edge, its under side forms the polishing surface, and its upper
side holds the sand or other polishing or levigating agent, which is fed with
water or liquid from a cistern or vessel, and passes through orifices in the
plate to the stone or other surface to be polished.
working over the upper side of the polisher plate to distribute and equalize
the sand or other agent. The pressure of the polisher may be adjusted by
Screws.
A scraper is provided,
I now proceed more particularly to describe with reference to the
accompanying Drawings in what manner the Invention may be carried into
effect.
3.
Figure is a side elevation of the machine: Figure 2. end view; Figure 3,
plan without the upper part of the frame and hand gear: Figure 4, longi-
tudinal section, Figure 5, end view of the vibrating lever: Figure 6. plan of
polisher.
A, A. is a general framework. in which is supported a driving shaft B,
carrying a fly wheel B and fast-and-loose pulleys C. C: it is driven from a
steam engine or other prime mover by a band passing round the fast pulley C.
On the shaft B is keyed a toothed pinion b, in gear with a toothed wheel D
on an axis supported in the framework. One end of a connecting arm E is

page_text: attached to the wheel D, and its opposite end is attached to a vibrating arm
or lever F, working at its lower end on a fixed axis f. secured to the framework.
The arm F is attached at its upper end to a carriage G. which supports the
stone X (or other article to be faced or polished. herein-after for convenience
of description called "stone" only). The carriage travels on V or otherwise
shaped guides g. held and adjusted in the framework by set screws g'. When
the shaft B revolves it imparts through the connections b, D. E. vibrating
motion to the arm or lever F. which thereby communicates horizontal recip-
rocating motion to the carriage G. The head of the lever F works in a slot.
in the carriage G. On the upper surface of the bottom of the carriage Garc
bedding strips or horizontal plates h, h, on which the stone to be faced is
made to rest, so that it may lie evenly, and not be shifted from a true level
by the waste polishing stuff dropping off into the carriage. ii, are a series
of stop pieces fixed opposite to each other on the inner sides of the carriage,
near each end: they receive transverse bars j, which hold the stone or article
to be faced steady, so that the carriage may be accommodated for stones of
various lengths. K is an improved polisher it consists of a plate or disc
having holes in it, and having also a raised edge or rim; it is fixed on a
central axis, to which rotary motion is communicated, as herein-after
described this axis is supported and works in a frame or traversing
carriage L, which works or slides horizontally on the V-shaped cross bars
of a frame 1. 1, supported in the uprights or pillars A, forming part of the
framework. The sand or other polishing or levigating material is placed in
the plate K, and mixed with water, which is fed to it through a flexible
pipe, furnished with a stop cock m, and leading from a supply cistern or
vessel M on the upper part of the frame 1. To avoid confusion the vessel M
and pipe m are not shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3. The moistened polishing agent
passes through the perforations in the plate K to the surface of the stone to
be polished, against which the under surface of the plate K is caused to work.
y is a scraper, screwed to the frame L, for distributing the polishing agent,
N is an excentric
and directing it towards the perforations in the plate.
keyed on the shaft. B, and furnished with a connecting rod n, which com
municates motion to a lever p, which carries and works a double-headed
pawl or driver P; this lever is centered on the smooth projecting end of a
shaft o', which works in the frame 1. The pawl P drives a toothed wheel O
fast on the shaft of this shaft, at the part between the uprights A*, is
screw-threaded, and it works in and communicates motion to a nut q secured
to the frame L, the shaft o' thus forms a traversing screw, and communicates
horizontal traversing motion to the frame L and polisher K, whereby the

page_text: latter is made to travel over the surface of the stone horizontally, the stone'
being presented to it also horizontally at right angles to such motion by the
vibrating lever F. When the frame arrives at one side of the machine the
direction of inclination of the lever p' is reversed. and the pawl P tilted over.
'so that it reverses the direction of motion of the wheel O. for the pawl being
double-headed is capable of driving the whee! in either direction. By these
means the frame L and polisher K are brought back over the stone to the
opposite side of the machine without stopping or reversing the motion of the
other parts.
R is a rigger on the shaft B, which by a band r drives a
rigger Q on a shaft S supported in the frame 1, and carrying a worm T in
gear with a worm wheel 1. keyed on the axis k. whereby rotary motion is
communicated to the polisher K. In the shaft S is a longitudinal groove
which engages a feather on the worm T so that the latter can slide on the
shaft. but yet tarn with it. The pressure of the polisher with respect to the
stone is regulated and adjusted by raising and lowering the frame to
the required extent. the frame being free to be slidden upward and downward
in the uprights A'. A': this is effected by a hand wheel U. which through
bevil wheels . . works an endless screw V, which turns in. a female
screw in the frame 1. and as there are screws c. r. and wheels u, u', on
each side of the machine, connected by a cross shaft . which is the axis of
the bevil wheels #, one hand wheel U will work both screws V. and thereby
raise the frame evenly. Of course the toothed wheels and pinions are toothed
all round their periphery, though for convenience only some of the teeth are
shown. And though I have shewn the best mechanical means for imparting the
motions herein-before described to the parts of the apparatus, yet of course equi-
valent mechanical contrivances for communicating such motions may be used.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same may be performed, I declare that. I claim,-
First, the general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
apparatus for smoothing, facing, or polishing, as described.
Second, the employment of a carriage for holding the stone or other article
to be polished, smoothed. or faced. such carriage having horizontal recipro-
cating motion communicated to it, so that it slides or travels to and fro
beneath a polisher, substantially as described.
Third. the employment of arrangements for comicating to a polisher
rotary motion and horizontal traversing motion simultaneously. substantially
in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth, the employment of a scraper fitted in the polisher in the manner
and for the purpose described.

page_text: Fifth, the improved polisher herein-before described, consisting of a
perforated plate having a rim or raised edge and a central axis driven by
power, its pressure being regulated by screws, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Henry Gardner, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
M. HENRY,
68, Fleet Street.
London.