Improvements in Piston Rings.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th July, 1889-Accepted, 10th Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Piston Rings.
WILLIAM SUMMERS of 29 Firshill Road Manufacturer and JOHN ROBINSON
104 Brunswick Road Engineers Fitter both of Sheffield in the County of York do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to construct a simple and effective arrangement in
piston Kings.
In carrying out our invention in the construction of a Piston Ring for Steam
Engines, Steam Hammers or Air Pumps we make two or more rings devided into
two or more sections with straight cuts through the rings each section of the ring
being fitted with tongues sliding into a plain rabbet the whole being expanded by a
plain spring.
The rings can be arranged to fit Piston Heads with plates or blocks with grooves.
By the use of a pump ring cut in sections and fitted without tongues we have two
actions one to expand or enlarge the diameter of the ring and the other to force the
rings against the end plates.
Dated this 19th day of January 1889
W. SUMMERS.
JOHN ROBINSON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Piston Rings.
We WILLIAM SUMMERS of 29 Firshill Road, Manufacturer, and JOHN ROBINSON,
104 Brunswick Road Engineers Fitter, both of Sheffield in the County of York do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of this invention is to produce a simple and effective improvement in
the construction of piston rings, and in order that our invention may be clearly and
fully understood we have annexed a sheet of drawings illustrating same, in which
similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in any of the figures in which they
occur.
Fig. 1, is a perspective view of a pair of piston rings and spring, such as shown is
Figs. 5 & 6.
Fig. 2, is a section of a Piston fitted with the above rings.
Fig. 3, is a plan and section of one of our rings, suitable for a Steam Hammer.
Fig. 4, represents a suitable spring for this ring.
Fig. 5, is a plan of either of the two rings shown in Fig. 1, with a section of same
through XX.
Fig. 6, is a plan of the spring used for the above rings, with a section of one of the
blocks.
In carrying out our invention in its most simple form of construction, and well
adapted for Stean: Hammers, or the like, and as shown in Fig. 3, we make a ring of
any suitable metal, and of any suitable cross sectional proportions or shape, but pre-
ferably of the configuration shown, and instead of cutting through its periphery in
one place only, as heretofore, and thus leaving it a complete split ring; we divide
it into two or more separate parts or sections A, B, the cuts being made vertically
as shown at C.
At each junction of the sections we fit a tongue or glut D, preferably secured to
one of the sections, and fitting into a corresponding rabbet or recess in the adjacent

page_text: section; these two or more sections are expanded when in position by a plain flat
spring as in Fig. 4, or any other form of spring suitable for the purpose.
Rings constructed as above described can be used in solid block pistons, or with
cover plates, and singly or in series.
In Figs. 5 & 6, we illustrate our invention as applied to double-action rings
divided into two or more sections as before described; each section or part is pro-
vided with a glut D to prevent the passage of steam, and recesses E, aro made in
the inclined faces of both rings for the purpose hereafter described.
The spring we prefer to use is marked F in Fig. 6. being a flat circular spring as
shown in Fig. 4, and upon its outside face we secure any given number of V blocks G
of a segmental form, but corresponding in number to the recesses E in the rings
and fitting easily therein.
These sections or V shaped blocks, having double inclines, act against the rings in
the manner that complete rings of that cross section do as is well known; the
blocks G, are prevented by the ends of the recesses E, from moving, and they also
prevent the rings from moving from their relative positions, and the joints from
getting opposite each other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The construction of. Piston Rings, divided in two or more sections, provided
with gluts, and operated by a spring, substantially as hereinbefore described and as
shown in Figs. 3 & 4.
2. The construction of Piston Rings divided in two or more pieces or sections
having recesses in their inner surfaces to engage with tapered studs or blocks secured
to the actuating spring substantially as horein before described and as shown in
Figs. 1. 2. 5. 6 of the drawings.
3. In the construction of Pistons for Engines, Pumps and the like, a spring pro-
vided with tapered or V shaped studs or blocks, for the purpose specified, and
substantially as shown in Fig. 6, of the drawings.
Dated this 12th day of June 1880
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicants.