Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines and in their application to Motor Road Vehicles.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines and in
their application to Motor Road Vehicles.
I, WILLIAM BAINES, of 5 and 6, Great Winchester Street, in the City of
London, Financial Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to internal combustion engines particularly those
employed for driving motor vehicles.
The invention relates to two features
1. The cooling of the cylinder or other heated parts and
2. The disposition of the engine fly wheel and if desired of the engine also.
For the purpose of cooling the cylinder and similar heated parts I place
around that portion of the cylinder or of its water jacket ribs which may be
made of a single strip of thin sheet copper or other suitable material wound.
spirally and clamped soldered or otherwise attached. Or the ribs may be of
the same material as the cylinder ete, and may be cast in a piece with it or
brazed or otherwise secured to it.
For the same purpose namely cooling the heated parts the fly wheel may be
placed so that its rim comes near the admission and exhaust valves at the explo-
sion end of the cylinder, the rim and preferably spokes being so arranged with
webs or flanges as to create as large a draught or fanning effect as possible and
the wheel being preferably of large diameter. The spokes may be made of
angle iron or otherwise shaped so as to produce this effect, the webs being upon
the side nearest the cylinder and the whole wheel may be built up of strips of
metal.
The fly wheel may when desired rotate upon a vertical axis so that the fly
wheel itself lies in a horizontal plane. It may be comparatively near the
ground inside or under the frame-work of the vehicle where when required for
cooling purposes it may be exposed to the free current of air underneath and
arranged to divert this on to the cylinders though its own natural cooling effect
would be great.
It may however be boxed in if preferred and may be merely connected to
the engine and not placed directly upon its shaft so that the engine shaft may
rotate in a plane at an angle to that of the fly wheel shaft or axis.
By this arrangement the weight of the fly wheel which may be consider-
able is brought low down, thus allowing the centre of gravity of the whole
vehicle and I find this arrangement has the tendency to deaden the vibration;
it is also out of the way of the floor of the vehicle which is often of consider-
able importance especially in the case of vans, lorries or wagons which have
a level platform for the carriage of goods.
Dated this 5th day of Santambor 1808
BOULT & WADE.
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines and in
their application to Motor Road Vehicles.
I, WILLIAM BAINES, of 5 and 6, Great Winchester Street, in the City of
London, Financial Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to internal combustion engines particularly those
employed for driving motor vehicles, its object being the cooling of the cylinder
or other heated parts.
In carrying out the invention I construct the fly wheel of the engine so
that it will act as a fan to induce or project currents of air and I so place it
relative to the body of the engine that the produced currents are driven over
the cylinder, exhaust valves, cooling water receptacle, exhaust silencer or other
heated portions of the engine.
For the purpose of aiding this cooling I may place around the cylinder or
its water jacket, ribs, which may be made of a single strip of thin sheet copper
or other suitable material wound round and clamped soldered or otherwise
attached. Or the ribs may be of the same material as the cylinder or water
jacket and may be cast in a piece with it or brazed or otherwise secured to it.
The fly wheel may be placed so that its rim comes near the admission and
exhaust valves at the explosion end of the cylinder, the rim and preferably
the spokes being so arranged with webs or flanges as to create as large a
draught or fanning effect as possible and the wheel is preferably of large
diameter. The spokes may be made of angle iron or otherwise shaped so as
to produce this effect, the webs being upon the side nearest the cylinder and
the whole wheel may be built up of strips of metal.
The fly wheel may when desired rotate upon a vertical axis so that the fly
wheel itself lies in a horizontal plane. When the engine is employed in a
vehicle the fly wheel may be comparatively near the ground inside or under
the framework of the vehicle where it is exposed to the free current of air
underneath and arranged to divert this on to the heated parts of the engine.
It may if preferred be merely connected to the engine and not placed
directly on its shaft, so that the engine shaft may rotate in a plane at an angle
to that of the fly-wheel shaft or axis.
By this arrangement the weight of the fly wheel, which may be consider-
able, is brought low down, thus lowering the centre of gravity of the whole
vehicle, the stability of which is also increased by the gyroscopic action of the
fly wheel, and I find this arrangement has the tendency to deaden the vibra-
tion the fly wheel is also out of the way of the floor of the vehicle, which is
often of considerable importance especially in the case of vans, lorries or
wagons which, have a level platform for the carriage of goods.
A suitable construction for carrying out this invention is illustrated by way
of example in the accompanying drawing, which shows a plan of the front part
of the framework of a motor vehicle.
The engine cylinder A is secured on to the cross bars B1 B2 of the main
frame of the vehicle. The cylinder A is jacketted, the jacket being provided
with ribs A arranged around its outer surface. A2 A3 are the inlet and exhaust
valves respectively. C is the exhaust silencer. The fly wheel D is carried on
the vertical main shaft E of the engine, and its spokes D' are provided with
ribs De on their lower side,, and are curved as shown in the figure, so that, as
the fly wheel revolves in the direction indicated by the arrow, a strong current

page_text: of air is directed over the cylinder, and valves of the engine and the exhaust
silencer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In an internal combustion engine projecting a current of air upon the
cylinder for the purpose described by means of the fly-wheel, neither cylinder
nor fly-wheel being cased in.
2. In an internal combustion engine cooling the cylinder and cooling water
receptacle by means of a current of air projected upon them by the fly wheel.
3. In an internal combustion engine cooling a water jacketted cylinder and
cooling water receptacle by means of a current of air projected upon them by
the fly wheel.
4. In an internal combustion engine cooling the exhaust valve chamber by
projecting a current of air upon it substantially as described.
5. In an internal combustion engine the combination with one or more
cylinders with or without radiating ribs of a fly wheel so arranged as to pro-
ject a current of air upon them for cooling purposes substantially as described
none of these parts being cased in.
6. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a cylinder with
or without radiating ribs of a fly wheel partly or entirely overlapping the
cylinder and having vanes upon its arms for projecting a current of air upon
the cylinder substantially as and for the purpose described.
7. In a motor vehicle an internal combustion engine having its connecting
rod reciprocating in a horizontal plane and a fly wheel of a relatively large
diameter rotating in a plane parallel to that of the connecting rod and extend-
ing for nearly the full width of the vehicle so as to increase the stability of the
vehicle by its gyroscopic action.
8. In a motor vehicle an internal combustion engine having its connecting
rod reciprocating in a horizontal plane and a fly wheel of a relatively large
diameter rotating in a plane parallel to that of the connecting rod and extend-
ing for nearly the full width of the vehicle, so as to increase the stability of
the vehicle by its gyroscopic action and projecting a current of air upon the
cylinder or cooling water vessel or both for cooling purposes, substantially as
described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of July 1899.
W. BAINES.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.