IMPROVEMENT
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Mallol at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1880.
JAMES MALLOL, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
IN CRUETS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to certain improvements in and connected with cruets and
appliances used therewith with the objects specified in the following description:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to what are known as "breakfast-cructs," with the
objects of making them more cheaply and more compact and convenient than
hitherto.
As at present made the three vessels containing tho mustard, pepper, and salt are
independent of each other and placed in a partitioned frame, thus making the cruet
more bulky and less handy than is necessary.
It is now a custom to supply each person at table with a separate salt-cellar to
avoid the inconvenience of constantly passing and re-passing an article so much in
request. Receptacles for vinegar and oil not being so often required are not usually
combined with "break fast-cruets," but mustard and pepper, though not so often
required as the salt, are still very often required, but on account of the expense, the
quantity of articles required, and the amount of cleaning it would entail, a separate
breakfast-cruet" is not provided for each person, and the inconvenience of passing
and re-passing the mustard and pepper still remains.
To avoid this inconvenience I make a frame (a little larger than the ordinary
frames for salt-cellars) of whatever shape may be required, and use three glass
receptacles, which, when put together, will exactly fill the cavity of the frame, the
pepper and mustard being separately covered, the covers, being hinged directly to
the frame and not to a rim or top encircling the pepper and mustard receptacles
as usual. I prefer to leave the salt uncovered, although it may be similarly
covered. For the purpose of sprinkling the pepper and the salt I provide the vessels
containing these condiments with sprinklers, formed after the manner of sugar-
tongs, but of smaller size, the bowls being of any suitable shape, and perforated,
and so constructed that when closed their edges will meet together. It will be
LD 1

page_text: readily understood that when sunk open in the salt or pepper cruets and subse-
quently closed the bowls will enclose a quantity of the contents, which can bo
afterwards sprinkled through the perforations upon the food as desired.
I also propose to construct sifters or sprinklers for sprinkling sugar or flour, or for
other similar uses, upon a similar principle.
It will thus be a matter of great convenience to many who prefer to supply each
person at their tables with a separate salt cellar to be able to supply them each
with a separate "breakfast-cruet containing the three articles or condiments
above mentioned in a very compact form, very little more in bulk than an ordinary
salt-cellar, and without requiring additional labor in cleaning.
Another part of iny Invention consists in blowing the glass-lining into metal
salt-cellars, so that the lining is stationary, and in cutting the edges thereof
afterwards.
At present only those metal salt-cellars are lined the shape of which admits of a
lining being put in and removed for cleaning. All other shapes which don't admit
of a removable lining are gilt to preserve the silver or metal from the corroding
action of the salt, but as gold is so very expensive, and the coat deposited is very
thin, it is very soon worn off in cleaning, the salt soon obtains access to the metal
of the salt cellar and quickly corrodes it.
By my method this inconvenience is altogether removed, and the salt-cellar is
not only cleaner but is less expensive to manufacture, since the glass is blown upon
the metal, and being a fixture there is no necessity for polishing, gilding, and
burnishing the interior of the metal, this being much more expensive than the
blowing the lining inside and cutting the edges to the level of the metal.
If the article is to have feet, or any other mount requiring soldering, this should
be done before blowing the lining in, using brass solder, so that the heat of the
glass when blown in shall not unsolder the feet or mount.
When this process is completed the article can be plated or gilt as usual, all the
visible parts becoming conted.
This process of lining with glass metal salt-cellars, the shape of which would not
allow of a movable lining being placed in, can be applied to other articles, such as
pint-cups and spirit flasks.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Mallol in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th August
1880.
JAMES MALLOL, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
IN CRUETS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to certain improvements in and connected with cruet-
stands and appliances used therewith with the objects specified in the following
explanatory description thereof:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to what are known as "breakfast cruets," which aro
fitted simply with mustard, pepper, and salt receptacles, with the objects of making
them more cheaply and more compact and convenient than hitherto,
As at present made the three vessels containing the mustard, pepper, and salt
are independent of each other, and are usually placed in a partitioned frame, thus
making the cruet more bulky and less handy than is necessary.
It is now a general custom to supply each person at table with a separate salt-
cellar to avoid the inconvenience of constantly passing and re-passing an article so
much in request. Receptacles for vinegar and oil not being so often required are not
usually combined with "breakfast cruets," but mustard and pepper, though not so
often required as the salt, are still in frequent request, but on account of the
expense, the quantity of articles required, and the amount of cleaning it would
entail, a separate "breakfast cruet" is not provided for each person, and the
inconvenience of passing and re-passing the mustard and pepper still remains.
To avoid this inconvenience I make a frame 1, as illustrated in the perspective
view, Figure 1 of the accompanying Sheet of explanatory Drawings (a little larger
than the ordinary frames for salt-cellars), of whatever shape may be required, and
use three glass receptacles 2, which, when put together, will exactly fill the cavity
of the frame, the pepper and mustard, the outer receptacles, being separately
covered; the covers being hinged directly to the frame 1 and not to a rim or top
encircling the pepper and mustard receptacles as usual, and I prefer to leave the
salt uncovered, although it may be similarly covered.
For the purpose of sprinkling the pepper and the salt I provide to be used in
connection with the vessels containing these condiments, sprinklers or sifters +
formed as illustrated in Figure 2, after the manner and something like the shape of
sugar-tongs, but of a smaller size; the bowls 5 thereof at the end of the spring like
action legs being of any suitable shape, and being perforated and so constructed
that when closed their edges will meet together all round. It will be readily
understood that when sunk open in the salt or pepper in the cruets and subse-
quently closed the bowls will enclose a quantity of the salt or pepper, which can be
afterwards sifted or sprinkled through the perforations upon the food as required.
Figure 3 represents similar sifters or sprinklers, but larger and more suitable for
sifting or sprinkling powdered sugar or flour, or for other similar uses.
It will thus be a matter of great convenience to many who prefer to supply each
person at their tables with a separate salt cellar to be able to supply them each
with a separate "breakfast cruet" containing the three articles or condiments above
mentioned in a very compact form, very little more in bulk than an ordinary salt
cellar, and without requiring additional labor in cleaning.
Another part of my Invention consists in blowing the glass-lining into metal
salt-cellars, so that the lining is stationary, and in cutting the edges thereof
afterwards.
At present only the metal salt-cellars are lined the shape of which admits of a
lining being put in and removed for cleaning. All other shapes which do not admit
of a removable lining are gilt to preserve the silver or metal from the corroding
action of the salt, but owing to the material used this process is very expensive,

page_text: and as the coat deposited is very thin it is very soon worn off in cleaning, and the
salt soon obtains access to the metal of the salt cellar and quickly corrodes it.
By my method this inconvenience is altogether removed, and the salt cellar is
not only cleaner but is less expensive to manufacture, since the glass is blown upon
the metal, and being thus made a fixture there is no necessity for polishing,
gilding, and burnishing the interior of the metal, this being much more expensive
than the blowing the lining inside and cutting the edges to the lovel of the
metal.
If the article is to have feet or any other mount requiring soldering this should
be done before blowing the lining in, using brass solder, so that the heat of tho
glass when blown in shall not unsolder the feet or mount.
When this process is completed the article can be plated or gilt as usual, all tho
visible parts becoming coated.
This process of lining with glass metal-salt-cellars, the shape of which would not
allow of a removable lining being placed in, can be applied to other articles, such as
pint cups, and spirit flasks, and the like.
Having now described the nature and objects of my said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, I would remark in conclusion that I claim as my Invention.――
First. Constructing "breakfast-cruets" with a frame, the cavity or spaco within
which is exactly filled with the cructs or receptacles containing the three 'condiments
mustard, pepper, and salt, with which such cruct stands are fitted, the cruets or
receptacles being removable, and the covers thereof being hinged to or otherwise
carried by or connected to the frame.
Second. Constructing sifters or sprinklers for sifting, sprinkling, or distributing
salt, pepper, flour, sugar, and other substances of a powdery nature, with legs
having a spring-like action, and having bowls at their free ends which meet along
the edges when closed, and provided with perforations or openings by means of
which any enclosed contents of a powdery nature can be evenly sifted, sprinkled, or
distributed upon food or for any other similar purpose, and which sifters or
sprinklers may be used in connection with the improved cruets or separately.
Third. Constructing or adding to metal salt-cellars by blowing a glass lining
thereinto and cutting the edges thereof afterwards;
Each and all being substantially as hereinbefore described and as shewn on the
accompanying Sheet of explanatory Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Mallol, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.