IMPROVEMENTS OF APPARATUS FOR CAUSING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS, AND ALSO IN APPARATUS TO OBTAIN MOTIVE POWER FROM THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacob Joachim Kunstädter, of 26, Camomile
Street, in the City of London, Mechanical Engineer, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS OF APPARATUS FOR CAUSING THE FLOW OF
LIQUIDS, AND ALSO IN APPARATUS TO OBTAIN MOTIVE POWER FROM THE
FLOW OF LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 28th August 1874, and dated the 3rd July 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacob Joachim
Kunstädter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 3rd July 1874.
I, JACOB JOACHIM KUNSTÄDTER, of 26, Camomile Street, in the City
of London, Mechanical Engincer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS OF APPARATUS FOR CAUSING THE FLOW OF
LIQUIDS, AND ALSO IN APPARATUS TO OBTAIN MOTIVE POWER FROM THE FLOW OF
Lroums." to be as follows:—

page_text: manner as that the liquid which is being used is passed from one receiver
or tank into another with a certain amount of force added to it, and
then back again into the first receiver to be again used in a similar
manner.
Secondly. Apparatus to obtain motivo power from the flow of liquids.
Both the above apparatus when used conjointly form a useful,
economical motive engine, which is specially adapted as a prime mover
to drive small pieces of mechanism, such as sewing machines, lathes,
and tho like.
The apparatus for causing the flow of liquids as above mentioned:
consists of two reservoirs or tanks, or it may be one reservoir or tank
divided into two compartments, either vertically or horizontally. In
each of these reservoirs or compartments there is or are one or more
platform or float or platforms or floats of material of less specific
gravity than the liquid to be used. These platforms or floats are of such
a size as to permit of the free passage of the liquid all around them,
and between them and the sides of the reservoirs or compartments special
or other springs or weights properly adjusted are to be applied so as to.
press these platforms or floats upon the liquid in the reservoir or com-
partment, theso platforms or floats from their specific gravity being less
than the liquid, having a constant tendency to float to the surface of
the liquid. In the bottom or lower portion of each of the reservoirs or
compartments there is a pipe which communicates with the top of the
other reservoir or compartment.
When this apparatus is to be used in conjunction with the apparatus
forming the second part of my Invention, one of theso pipes must be
of vulcanized india-rubber, leather, or like soft flexible material, this
pipo being the one which is to be applied to the wheel of the apparatus
or motive engine herein-after described; the other pipe may be of metal
or flexible material, as may be found most convenient. In cach of tho;
above-mentioned pipes there are taps to be simultaneously acted on for
regulating or controlling the flow of the liquid.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The liquid, which by
the pressure of the platforms or floats of compartment No. 1 on it,
is driven out of that compartment through the pipe in the bottom or
lower portion thereof is driven into the top of compartment No. 2,
which latter compartment is partly filled with air, the liquid falling to

page_text: the bottom of compartment No. 2, and there meeting with the resistancċ
of the platforms or floats of that compartment, is driven through the pipo
in the bottom or lower portion thereof back again into the top of com-
partment No. 1, and so a constant circulation of the liquid is kept up.
The apparatus for obtaining motive power from the flow of liquids
consists of a wheel formed of two discs of metal, wood, or other suitable
material, which wheel is to be mounted on centres or bearings so as to
revolve freely thercon. Between the discs and on the periphery of tho
wheel are to be fixed a number of friction rollers attached to the discs
in such a manner as that they shall be capable of revolving freely on
their axes. To this wheel a flexible tubo is to be so applied as that it
shall be pressed against the above-mentioned friction rollers, and on
liquid being passed through the flexible tube its flow through the said
flexible tube will drive the wheel round and so produce motive power
which may be used in any of the ordinary ways.
The liquid to be passed through the flexible tube may be obtained
from any convenient source, but when it is to be obtained from the
apparatus which forms the first part of this Invention the pipe of
vulcanized india-rubber or other flexible material, which has been
described as being in the bottom or lower portion of one of the reservoirs
or compartments, and which communicates with the top of the other
reservoir or compartment, must be applied to the wheel and pressed
against the friction rollers, as above described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said Jacob Joachim Kunstädter in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 2nd January 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACOB
JOACHIM KUNSTÄDTER, of 26, Camomile Street, in the City of London,
Mechanical Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her.
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, tho said Jacob Joachim Kunstädter, Her special

page_text: licence, that I, the said Jacob Joachim Kunstädter, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jacob Joachim
Kunstädter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CAUSING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS, AND
ALSO IN APPARATUS TO OBTAIN MOTIVE POWER FROM THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jacob Joachim 1
Kunstädter, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their; or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and 1
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacob Joachim Kunstädter, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the 2

page_text: . Figure 2 is a front elevation of the said power apparatus arranged for
driving a sewing machine, or other small machine.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of part of my said apparatus.
The apparatus. shown in Figure 1 for causing the flow of liquids
consists of two reservoirs or tanks a, or it may be one reservoir or
tank divided into two compartments, either vertically or horizontally,
and containing liquid, preferably water. In each of these reservoirs or
compartments I place a platform or float or platforms or floats b, of
material of less specific gravity than the liquid to be used. I prefer to
make them of hollow metal or wood. These platforms or floats are of
such a size as to permit the free passage of the liquid all around them,
and between them and the sides of the reservoirs or compartments spiral
or other springs c or weights properly adjusted are to be applied to pross
these platforms or floats. 6 upon the liquid in the reservoirs or compart-
ments a. These platforms or floats 6 by reason of their specific gravity
being less than the liquid have a constant tendency to float to the surface
of the liquid. In the bottom or lower portion of each of the reservoirs.
or compartments there is a pipo & which communicates with the top of
the other reservoir or compartment.
When the apparatus are to be used conjointly one of these pipes must
be of leather or silk prepared or coated with india-rubber or like soft
and flexible material, this pipe being the one which is to be applied to.
the wheel of the apparatus or motor engine herein-after described; the
other pipe may be of metal or flexible material as may be found most
convenient. In each of the above-mentioned pipes there aro taps at
least one in cach pipe to be simultaneously acted on for regulating
or controlling the flow of the liquid..
The action of the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 is as follows
The liquid which by the pressure of the platforms or floats 6 of tank
No. 1 which is full of the liquid on it is driven out of that tank
through the pipe in the bottom or lower portion thereof, and is driven into
the top of tank No. 2, which latter tank is. partly, I prefer one-third
filled with air, the liquid falling to the bottom of tank No. 2 and there
meeting with the resistance of the platforms or floats of that tank is
driven through the pipe in the bottom_or_lower_portion thereof,-back
again_into_the_top_of_tank No. 1, and-so-a-constant circulation-of-the-
liquid is kent un.

page_text: The apparatus shown in Figures 2 and 3 for obtaining motive power
from the flow of liquids consists of a wheel e formed of two discs e¹ of
metal, wood, or other suitable material which wheel is to be mounted
with capability of free rotation on centres or bearings usually for con-
venience supported in a frame A of wood or metal. Or I may fix it in
a framo surrounding the tanks a containing the float and springs as
above described, the said tanks being secured to the frame by scrow
bolts or other suitable fastenings. Between the discs and at the
periphery of the wheel are to be fixed a number of friction rollers f
attached to the discs e' in such a manner that they shall be capable of
revolving freely on their axes. To this wheel a flexible tube 9 is to bo
so applied that it shall be pressed against the above-mentioned friction
rollers, and on liquid being passed through the flexible tube g its flow
through the said flexible tube will drive the wheel e round and so
produce motive power which may be used in any of the ordinary ways.
is the bed of the tube attached to tho cross bars A' of the frame,
and which is curved to correspond with the periphery of the wheel, and
provided with screws which is raised or lowered between the side
pieces to adjust the tube g to the rollers f; j is a nut for locking the
said screw.
The liquid to be passed through the flexible tube g may be obtained
from any convenient source, but when it is to be obtained from the
apparatus which forms the first part of this Invention the pipe of flexible
material, which has been described as being in the bottom or lower
portion of one of the reservoirs or compartments, and which commu-
nicates with the top of the other reservoir or compartment must be
applied to the wheel and pressed against the friction rollers as above
described. k, k, l, l, are cocks or valves for regulating the passage of
the liquid through the said pipes. The cocks are provided with handles
or levers which are arranged in any convenient position; mis a
driving pulley whereby the power is transmitted through belts or straps
to the machine on the table B.
Having thus fully described my said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it understood that I claim,—
First. The apparatus for causing the flow of liquids consisting of the
tanks or compartments containing the liquid and connected by pipes
or passages, and with the platform or float or platforms or floats

page_text: and springs or weights arranged and operated therein, as herein set
forth.
Second. The apparatus or machine for obtaining motive power from
the flow of liquids constructed with the wheel which has rollers on its
periphery working upon and in combination with a flexible pipe com-
municating with the two tanks, and extending from the bottom of one
to the top of the other, so that the flow of water through the said pipe
imparts rotating motion to the said wheel, as herein set forth.
Third. The apparatus or machine for obtaining motive power from the
flow of liquids, consisting of the wheel with the rollers on its periphery
working upon and in combination with a flexible pipe through which
liquid is passed, so that the flow of water through the pipe imparts
rotating motion to the wheel, as herein set forth.
Fourth. The device for adjusting the said flexible pipe as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacob Joachim Kunstädter have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of January,
in the year of Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four
Witness,
H. J. NOONE.
J. J. KUNSTADTER. (L.S.)