Year: 1886

page_text: I JOHN SHEPHERD SAWREY of 20 Bucklersbury in the City of London, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement -
My Invention relates to the class of filters wherein the liquid is filtered by
passing from above downwards and then in an upward direction through the
filtering medium and the object of my Invention is to cheapen the cost of
production of such filters to facilitate the renewal of the purifying medium therein
and to provide an easy method of cleansing without interfering with the action of
the filters and without removing them from their position and to render the said
filters less liable to leakage.
A filter constructed according to my Invention is represented in vertical section
in the accompanying Drawing I form at the upper part of the filter a chamber or
receptacle A for the liquid to be filtered (this I will call the upper chamber) and
beneath this I form another chamber G (which I will call the lower chamber) and
within this lower chamber I form another chamber E preferably (but not neces-
sarily) of an inverted cone shape (this I will call the inner chamber). The upper
chamber A is separated from direct communication with the lower chamber but
communicates by a side pipe or passage B with the lower part of the inner
chamber E. The upper part of the inner chamber E is perforated at e the
perforations forming a communication with the lower chamber G. There is an
opening at the top of the inner chamber E giving communication with the upper
chamber A but this is, normally closed by a stopper a. In the side of the lower
chamber G opposite the place where the aforesaid pipe or passage B leads into the
inner chamber E is an opening which is normally closed by a stopper D. The
communication between the said pipe or passage and the inner chamber is
preferably made through a perforated stopper J which can be removed through
the aforesaid opening in the side of the lower chamber. The lower chamber has
a tap H by which filtered water can be drawn off. I is a passage communicating
from the exterior of the filter or the chamber A with the chamber G to allow the
necessary passage of air. When the apparatus is to be used the filtering medium
is put in the inner chamber E and also if desired in the pipe or passage B which
leads into it from the upper chamber A. The liquid to be filtered is put in the

page_text: upper chamber A and passes down the pipe or passage B into the inner chamber E
and upwards through the filtering material therein and out by the perforations e
at top into the lower chamber G from which it can be drawn in a filtered condition
for use.
When it is desired to clean the apparatus this can readily be done by
removing the stoppers D and J and flushing through from the upper chamber A.
The stoppers D and J are so arranged that they can conveniently be got at and
all the necessary operations can be performed without moving the filter from its
position I can construct my filter in earthenware, galvanised iron, tinned copper
or any other suitable material and I prefer to make the whole of the filter (except
the lid) in one piece to prevent leakage and with this object I make the stopper D
and tap H fit as closely as possible preferably by screwing them in place. The
passages I and B can be made in the substance of the filter or can be made of
special pipes if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
First. The filter constructed or arranged as hereinbefore described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
Second. In filters of the type hereinbefore described forming the chamber con-
taining the filtering medium inside the chamber into which the filtered water is
received the said inner chamber receiving at its lower part the water to be filtered
and communicating at its upper part with the upper part of the chamber in which
the filtered water is received substantially as described whether the chamber for
the filtering medium be of an inverted cone shape or not.
Third. In filters of the type hereinbefore described the combination of a vessel
for receiving the water to be filtered and a chamber beneath containing the filtering
medium the said chambers communicating directly with each other and the filtering
medium chamber communicating with the exterior of the filter and the openings
being closable by stoppers or the like the whole being so arranged that the filter
can be flushed through or cleaned and the filtering medium be removed and
replaced without removing the filter from its place substantially as herein before
described.
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