Improvements in or relating to Fuel Economisers, or Apparatus for Heating the Feed Water for Steam Boilers.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of App'ication, 17th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 16th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 9th May, 1896
TRUVIDIONAL DE ECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Fuel Economisers, or Apparatus for
Heating the Feed Water for Steam Boilers.
I, ISAAC MORTIMER BERRY, of 1 Stanley Avenue, Wellington Road, Eccles,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the apparatus commonly termed "fuel economisers,"
employed for heating the feed water for steam boilers by means of the waste hot
gases or heat emitted from boiler furnaces.
In the construction of the fuel economiser it is customary to provide means or
appliances for removing the soot or other deposits from its vertical tubes and
mechanism for operating these appliances, and it is to these appliances and
mechanism that my invention more particularly relates.
The invention is designed with the object of simplifying the intricate mechanism
heretofore employed for imparting the necessary reciprocating or up and down
motion to the scrapers or sout removing appliances traversing the tubes, and
dispensing with all worms and worm wheels, the weighted lever and clutch box
and bevil gearing, et cætera.
My invention consists in the employment of a mangle wheel or its equivalent
from which the necessary reciprocating or up and down motion is derived and
imparted by suitable intermediate gearing to the shafts or spindles carrying the
chain pulleys to which the scraper bars are connected in the ordinary or any other
suitable or convenient manner.
In the construction of the economiser the standard or bracket to carry the shafts
upon which the chain pulleys are keyed or otherwise secured, will preferably be
formed with three arms or branches, the two outer ones to support the bearings for
the chain pulley shafts and the intermediate one to carry the mechanism connecting
the mangle wheel with the chain pulley shafts.
The driving pulley will have keyed to its boss or otherwise attached to it'a
pinion, and it will be carried by a spindle bolted or otherwise connected in a
suitable position to the standard or framing. This pinion will gear with a pinion
on the outer extremity of the intermediate shaft or spindle, which spindle at the
other extremity is carried by a suitable bracket or support and carries the pinion
in gear with the mangle wheel, the mangle wheel being carried by an independent
shaft or spindle. On the shaft carrying the mangle wheel is keyed or attached a
spur wheel which in turn gears with two spur wheels, one of which is keyed to each
of the shafts carrying the chain pulleys, to transmit tbe motion thereto. The
bearings of the intermediate shaft or spindle and the shaft or spindle of the mangle
wheel will preferably be of such construction as to permit of or compensate for
any movement imparted to them by the mangle wheel.
The chaiu pulleys will be connected with the scraper bars by means of the
chains and rods in the ordinary way.
The driving pulley will be connected by means of a strap or the like with any
convenient source of motion and the mechanism thereby operated. The pinion on.
the intermediate shaft gearing alternately with the inside and outside of the mangle
wheel will impart the necessary alternately reversing motion to the shaft and
through the spur wheels and chain pulleys the reciprocating or up and down motion
to the scraper bars and scrapers.

page_text: I wish it to be clearly understood that I do not limit my invention to the precise
arrangement or disposition of the parts and gearing above described, as the same
may be modified or amplified without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Dated this 12th day of June 1895.
Improvements in or relating to Fuel Economisers, or Apparatus for
Heating the Feed Water for Steam Boilers.
I, ISAAC MORTIMER BERRY, of 1 Stanley Avenue, Wellington Road, Eccles,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the apparatus commonly termed "fuel economisers,"
employed for heating the feed water for steam boilers by means of the waste heat
or hot gases emitted from the boiler furnaces.
In the construction of the fuel economiser it is customary to provide means or
appliances for removing the soot or other deposits from its vertical pipes or tubes
and mechanism for operating these appliances, and it is to this mechanism that my
invention more particularly relates.
The invention is designed with the object of simplifying the intricate and con-
sequently costly mechanism heretofore employed for imparting the necessary
reciprocating or up and down motion to the scrapers or soot removing appliances
traversing the vertical pipes or tubes, and dispensing with all worms and worm
wheels, the weighted lever and clutch box and bevil gearing, etcetera.
My invention consists essentially in the employment of a mangle wheel or its
equivalent from which the necessary alternately reversing motion is derived and
imparted by suitable intermediate gearing to the shafts or spindles carrying the
chain pulleys, to which the scraper bars are connected in the ordinary or any other
suitable or convenient manner and the requisite reciprocating or up and down
motion thereby transmitted to the scrapers.
I will now describe the invention with reference to the sheet of drawings
. hereto annexed, in which it is shewn applied to a small economiser of sixty-four
pipes.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation.
Fig. 2, an end elevation.
Fig. 3, a plan.
Fig. 4, a detail of the mangle wheel.
The parts of the economiser other than the mechanism for operating the scrapers
may be of any ordinary or suitable construction.
The standards or brackets A. A' at either end of the economiser, are preferably
_formed with three arms or branches a a' a³, the two outer ones a a¹ to form or
support the bearings or journals for the chain pulley shafts B C, and the inter-
mediate one a² to carry the mechanism connecting the driving pulley D with the
chain pulley shafts B C.
The driving pulley D has keyed to its boss or otherwise attached to it a
pinion E and it is carried by a stud or spindle F secured in a suitable position in
the intermediate arm a² of the standard or framing A by a nut or otherwise. This
pinion E gears with the pinion or spur wheel G on the outer extremity of the
intermediate shaft or spindle H, which at the other extremity carries the pinion J
in gear with the mangle wheel K.
The bearings or journals of the shaft H will be of such construction or arrange-
ment as to permit of or compensate for any movement imparted to it when the

page_text: vice versa.
pinion J is changing from the inside to the outside of the mangle wheel K and
In the drawings I shew the extremity of the shaft nearest the spur
wheel G constructed with a spherical or ball like boss h carried by a corresponding
bollow spherical or ball like socket or bearing. The shaft might however be
carried by a swivelling journal or the movement compensated for in any other
suitable manner.
The other extremity of this shaft is also constructed with a
sliding block or bearing to permit of the requisite amount of play for the same
purpose.
The mangle wheel K is carried by a separate or independent shaft L journalled
in the arms a² of the standards, to which shaft is keyed or attached the spur
wheel M which gears with the two spur wheels NO keyed to the shafts B C to
transmit the motion of the shaft L thereto and to the chain pulleys P.
The construction of mangle wheel I prefer to employ is more particularly shewn
in Fig. 4, which is a view of the same with the front plate or disc removed but
any other suitable construction or equivalent may be employed. The front plate
or disc of the maugle wheel instead of being of less diameter than the back or
base disc as shewn might be made the same size and be provided with a slot to
coincide with the path of the shaft H which would then project through it.
The chain pulleys P will be connected with the scraper bars Q and scrapers Q¹
by means of the chains R and rods r or in any other suitable or convenient
manner.
The driving pulley D will be connected by means of a strap or the like with any
convenient source of motion and the mechanism thereby operated. The pinion J
on the intermediate shaft H being always driven in one direction and gearing
alternately with the inside and outside of the mangle wheel will impart the necessary
alternately reversing motion to the shaft L and through the spur wheels M N O
and chain pulleys P the reciprocating or up and down motion to the scraper bars Q
and scrapers Q'.
In the construction of larger economisers it will be found necessary or advisable
to employ additional chain pulleys for supporting the scraper bars and scrapers,
as shewn in dotted lines at S in Fig. 3, to prevent their canting or twisting.
An additional and considerable advantage accruing from the arrangement of the
mechanism and scraper bars longitudinally of the economiser, as shewn in the
drawings, lies in the fact that it permits of ready access to the several parts for
examination, renewal or repair, whereas the ordinary method now adopted of placing
the scraper bars transversely of the economiser or at right angles to that shewn in
the drawings frequently necessitates the taking down of the brickwork of the
economiser to permit of access to the deranged or broken parts.
In the erection of large economisers I prefer to arrange the pipes in blocks of
say eight sheets or sections in length with a space or division between each block,
instead of in one continuous block of twenty, thirty, forty or more sections, as is
now usually adopted. Each section might be four or eight pipes in width as
desired. By this arrangement I consider that equal if not better results will be
obtained and much greater facility afforded for the removal of the scraper bars
and scrapers when arranged longitudinally of the chamber as just described, as
the ends of the scraper bars would be quite easy of access in the spaces between
the blocks. This arrangement will also enable the deflector plates ordinarily
employed to be dispensed with.
I wish it to be clearly understood that I do not limit my invention to the precise
construction or arrangement of parts and gearing before described and shewn in
the accompanying drawings, as the same may be modified or amplified without
departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In fuel economisers or apparatus for heating the feed water for steam boilers

page_text: the employment of a mangle wheel or its equivalent from which the reciprocating
motion is derived for operating the scrapers traversing the vertical pipes substan-
tially as described.
2. The mechanism for operating the scrapers or soot removing appliances of
fuel economisers constructed substantially as described and shewn.
3. A fuel economiser or apparatus for heating the feed water for steam boilers
constructed and arranged substantially as described and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.