IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR RAKING, SCRAPING, AND SWEEPING ROADS OR STREETS
Year: 1836

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
HERBEET MABERLEY, of Bourne, near Coxton, in the County of Cambridge,
Clerk, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty's King William the
Fourth, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Tenth day of February, in the sixth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederick Herbert Maberley, His especial licence, full power, sole privi-
lege and authority, that I, the said Frederick Herbert Maberley, my exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick Herbert Maberley,
my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR RAKING, SCRAPING, AND SWEEPING ROADS OR STREETS;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Frederick Herbert
Maberley, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Frederick Herbert Maberly, do hereby declare that the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
theroon (that is to soul.
the following manner, to the raking, scraping, and sweeping roads or streets.
The machine or machines may be drawn by men or horses, according to the
size of which the same may be made.
Refer to Figure No. 1 in the Drawing.-Shafts a, a; axletree b; wheels c;
d, two pieces morticed into the axletree, forming a triangle with it; e, their
junction, at which thero is an eye on the bottom, and another at the top, the
latter eye formed by an iron raised and projecting from the morticed pieces; g,
a large beam with a collar, which collar works between the eyes at e, having
liberty, besides that of revolving, of rising up and falling down upon a pin fixed
in those eyes; h, h, small neck wheels at the ends of the beam g, the spindles of
which wheels pass through the beam, and by means of collars fixed on the
beam, and nuts working in those collars and upon the aforesaid spindles, which
have scrows upon them, the beam is raised up and let down at pleasure;
i, i, i, i, pieces morticed into the beam, with a hinge joint in them, or rest, and
carrying the scrapers at the other end, being also morticed into them if these
pieces have a joint in them, or if they have not, then the scrapers being
attached to these pieces by a neck and collar, and staid in their direction by
chains fastened from their ends to these pieces; the rakes and brooms may be
carried in the same way, only for the brooms there must be a loose plate
screwed at the bottom to the scraper, for the brooms to be fixed between, and
thus the scrapers are converted into brooms. All the scrapers, rakes, and
brooms may be taken up by raising the beam g, as described, when they are
not wanted to work, as if there is a inch joint in the pieces (i), then it should
be made so as not to let those pieces fall beyond the paralel to the ground.
The size of the large wheels in this case is not material, nor the length of the
beam, nor scrapers, &c.; they may be made ad libitum, and the scrapers, &c.
in any number. The scrapers are to be set the ends of them one behind
another, so that the mud or dirt will slip off from the first to the second, and
so on; and for this purpose the picces i should each be a little longer the
one than the other.

page_text: Refer to Figure No. 2.-A square frame, six feet square, more or less, as is
chosen or found convenient; a, a beam across it, in the middle and at right
angles to the axletree, and level at bottom with the two side plates; b, b, b.
three scrapers working under the frame, and attached to the frame; its beam
and side plates at c, c, c, and by means of necks and collars allowing the scrapers
to revolve, and to be set at any angle to the frame. The scrapers to be fixed,
when set in their places, by chains or irons coming from nearly the extremities
of the scrapers, and fastened to the beam or side plates. The irons may be made
similar to hooks and eyes, and of eyes there may be many upon the beams and
side plates, so that the scrapers may be fixed in any direction. The whole
frame is supported and carried by three neck wheels (2), with screws on the
spindles of the same, and the spindles passed through the axletree, and being d
at the points where they are exhibited, and there nuts working upon them in
the way before described, the whole frame may be raised, and the scrapers
thus taken off the ground. 'Tis unnecessary to say that rakes and brooms may
be applied in the same way, and the scrapers made brooms, as aforesaid. If
the frame is six feet square, then the scrapers should be three feet long and
about one foot abroad; but here all may vary at pleasure, but somewhat in
this proportion, and the scrapers may be fewer or more, as is chosen. The
wheels here should be small, eighteen inches or two feet. The necks of the
scrapers (y) should be longer than their collars, to allow them to play up and
down, and the scrapers may be weighted by grooved slips of cast iron put upon
their tops, and these slips may be heavier or lighter, according to the state of
the roads. The scrapers may be cast or wrought iron, or may be made of
wood, with a piece of cast or wrought iron nicely let into them at bottom, and
a little projecting at the bottom edge, but having a smooth or level surface
with the face of the scraper. On frame No. 2, on the beam d, may be attached,
by spindles and collars, as before described, two scrapers, rakes, or brooms, at
(S, S,) which may be fixed by chains or irons at any angle to each other, and
by which the road may be raked or swept or scraped, as needed, and the mud.
or dirt brought together in a ringe or in the heaps, as required.
Refer to Figure No. - -a, two large wheels, ten feet in diameter (one
wheel off, that the machine may be more clearly exhibited); axletree, b; c, c,
two pieces morticed into the axletree at right angles to it, the one as near to
its extremity as the wheel will allow, the other piece as near as the cog wheel
fixed on the great wheel, and the room required to throw out of gear the
cog wheel of the roller, will allow; d, d, two pieces morticed into pieces c, at
right angles to them, and perpendicular to the horizon; e, the stays of these
pieces; b, a rotten, three feet in diameter and six feet long, carrying the

page_text: scrapers, brooms, and rakes; the three feet must include the scrapers and rakes
and nearly the brooms; g, the shield, a plain piece behind the rotter, as near
to it as may be, so as not to hinder its working, with brooms fixed on its bottom
edge, upon which brooms it slightly rests, and these brooms are to carry any
little dirt the brooms on the roller may not have swept away; the shield to
extend round the extremity of the great wheels, and brooms to be attached
to this its extension for the purpose aforesaid, and to sweep the dirt away from
the curb, close to which the roller cannot como. h, a beam, framed on to
pieces c, and to which beam h the shield 9 is attached; 1, a neck wheel with
a screwed spindle m working into the beam h, and raising and falling that
beam, the shield, and roller, by means of a nut and catlar, as afore described;
the wheel to run outside the shield. (n), a large cog wheel fixed on wheel (a),
and revolved by it; (o), little cog wheel, eighteen inches in diameter, fixed on
roller f, and worked by cog wheel n, and carrying the roller round with it;
p, the brooms, fixed on the rotter by means of loose plates screwed to bars
fixed on it at given distances. These bars may be in a line with the rotter, or
diagonal or vertical, and they may of themselves, being made deep enough,
form the scrapers, and, being notched, the rakes also; the whole distance on the
roller being so divided that there be not more than eight rows of brooms,
rakes, or scrapers, though a lessor number may be efficient. The roller f works
between the wheels (a), and between the pieces d, and on a spindle working
in these pieces, this spindle carrying at one end the cog wheel o; this spindle
being now parallel to the axletree of the great wheels, and at the proper dis-
tance, so that the cog wheels may work into each other. By the revolution of
this rotter, carrying the brushes, the dirt or mud is forced violently forward, and
thrown into a cart, or otherwise, as desired. Thus the great wheel (a) turns
the great cog wheel (), which turns the little cog wheel (o), and which, being
attached to the roller by means of its spindle, revolves the roller carrying the
brooms, &c., and so the road or street is either swept, scraped, or raked, as
may be desired. Where, however, it is simply required to sweep, or rake, or
scrap the road or street, the great wheels need not be so large, nor the velocity
of the roller so great; it would be required in this latter case, in sweeping and
scraping, that the roller should be worked at an agle to the axletree of the
great wheels, which it may easily be by a universal joint in its spindle near to
its cog wheel. The axle of the great wheel may be weighted near to the
working wheel when the mud is very stiff or it is required. The rim of
the great wheel should not be less than nine inches, and the spokes of the
wheels had better be upright. There must be a shield to cover the brushes
also thrown over from the axletree of the great wheels to the beam h.
The

page_text: cog wheel (o) to be thrown out of gear, when necessary, in the same way that
this: is done in the crane. The size of the cogs depend upon the size of the
machine, which may vary, but any one knows tho strength of 'cog for a two-
horso power or otherwise. The brooms, may be perpendicular to the roller, or
inclined to it. The brooms must be arranged according to the inequalities of
the road or street, particularly the kennetts. When the mud or dirt is not
swept into a cart by this machine, then there must be a shield going before the
wheels and rotter, with brooms at the bottom of this shield d, before described,
and which shield must be supported before in the same way it was when
behind; and it will now be best to work the roller before the axletree of the
wheels, which may be done in any case, but then a piece must be morticed
into the axletree on the opposite side to carry the hind shield and for the little
wheel to work in, and now a weight must be put upon the piece so morticed
into the axletree, so that the brooms of the roller do not bear too hard upon
the ground.
Refer to Figure IV.-Mud or dirt cart on wheels (a), about five feet high;
the axletree running through the body of the cart, the main part of which
body is below the wheels. The hind part (6) must be sloping, for the mud or
dirt to be easily driven into the cart, and for the hind part to be set immediately
in front of the brooms; there might also be a sliding part behind to raise up
as the cart gets fuller. This cart must be so made as to go between the
wheels of the machine (Fig. 3. To this mud cart, if it is used with the machine
last described, the machine itself must be attached, by means of chains or
otherwise, and thus the machine is drawn by its mud cart, to which there are
shafts, and which is drawn by two or more horses; if the machine, Fig. 3, is
used alone, these shafts must be fixed to its axletree to draw it by.
Thus have I described my Invention; and that for which I claim my
Patent is,
1st, in regard to the scrapers and rakes, for their particular mechanical
application and combination to the scraping and raking roads or streets.
2dly, in regard to all of them, scrapers, rakes, and brooms, for their especial
application to their work by a mechanical rotatory motion.
3rdly, in regard to the brooms especially, for their especial mechanical
application to their work, so that the mud or dirt may be thrown by them
into carts.
F. H. (L.B.) MABERLY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Tenth day of August, in the
year of our Lord 1836, the aforesaid Frederick Herbert Maberly came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Tenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-six.