matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1885

page_text: I GEORGE PULLING ARMSTRONG, of 18, Laurence Pountney Hill in the city of
London, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a novel, portable device or apparatus for copying.
letters and other documents in a simple and expeditious manner.
The improved device consists of a roller to which is attached in any suitable
manner a number of sheets of the usual paper on which press copies of letters and
the like are taken. In practice I find that it is advantageous to groove the said
roller in order to allow of the copying sheets being fixed thereto in a manner to
avoid creasing when being rolled. The sheets are protected by covers of any
suitable flexible material preferably waterproof.
To copy a letter or other document by the improved device one of the sheets of.
copying paper is damped in any suitable manner such as by a damp cloth and the
letter or other document to be copied (written in copying ink) being placed against
the sheet the device is tightly rolled up by hand and the pressure thus obtained
will produce a good impression or copy of the document.
My improved device will be found of great use to travellers and others who
require an apparatus easy to manipulate and which occupies but little space when
not in use.
:
G. F. REDFERN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: An Improved Device for Copying Letters and other Documents.
I, GEORGE PULLING ARMSTRONG, of 18, Laurence Pountney Hill in the City of
London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a novel, portable device or apparatus for copying
letters and other documents in a simple and expeditious manner.
The improved device consists of a roller of suitable material to which is attached
in any suitable manner a number of sheets of the usual paper on which press
copies of letters and the like are taken. In practice I find that it is advantageous
to groove the said roller in order to allow of the copying sheets being fixed thereto
in a manner to avoid creasing when being rolled. The sheets are protected by.
covers of any suitable flexible material preferably waterproof.
To copy a letter or other document by the improved device one of the sheets of
copying paper is damped in any suitable manner such as by a damp cloth and the
letter or other document to be copied (written in copying ink) being placed
against the sheet the device is tightly rolled up by hand and the pressure thus
obtained will produce a good impression or copy of the document.
My improved device will be found of great use to travellers and others who
require an apparatus easy to manipulate and which occupies but little space when
not in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
The manufacture and use of the hereinbefore described device for copying letters
and other documents.
MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL FOR COVERING AND DECORATING WALLS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JAMES ALFRED TURNER of West Gorton near Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Waterproof Material Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of
my invention for "MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL FOR COVERING AND DECORATING
WALLS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES" and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
In the Specification of my Patent N° 8245 of 1884 I described a manufacture
of wall papers strengthened by a backing of woven fabric cemented to the paper in
such a manner as to make the material waterproof. According to my present
invention, I employ substantially the same process in manufacturing a material for
covering and decorating walls and for other purposes, but I select such woven
fabric as presents an embossed, figured or otherwise ornamented surface, and I give
to this a paper backing so that it can be applied to a wall by pasting in the usual
way, the paper next the wall, and the fabric constituting the visible surface.
The cement being waterproof the moisture of the paste or of the wall does not
affect the fabric in front. When the material is to be applied by nailing or other-
wise instead of pasting, the backing, instead of paper, may be woven fabric to give
the necessary strength, in which case such backing of woven fabric may also be
printed upon with colors or otherwise ornamented, so that when the material is
used as a curtain or other loose hanging it may have both sides figured or
ornamented.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The manufacture of material for covering and decorating walls and for other
purposes substantially as herein described,
Dated this 19th day of February 1885.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CENTRAL LIGHT GASALIERS USUALLY TERMED SUSPENSIONS
Year: 1885

page_text: I ROBERT HALL BEST of Cambray Works Handsworth in the County of Stafford
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CENTRAL LIGHT GASALIERS USUALLY TERMED
SUSPENSIONS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the drawings hereunto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon
that is to say :-
This invention refers to improvements in the construction of sliding pendant
Gasaliers having a central light and known in the trade as Suspensions and it
consists especially of certain additions to the form of suspensions for which
application for a patent was made by me and provisional protection granted to me
of the date April 2nd 1885 No 4154. In the specification of which former
application my invention is described generally as consisting in the first of its parts
of two or more stuffing box rods placed outside the line of the vertical axis of the
centre lamp or burner it is to this portion of my former invention that my present
improvements are intended to apply, and their purpose is to render the sliding of
the stuffing box tube smoother easier and more uniform. With this view I employ
chains pulleys and balance weights either with or without an additional pair of
vertical tubes all acting as a counterpoise and placed either in the same vertical
plane as the stuffing box tubes or in a plane at right angles horizontally with such
stuffing box tubes, This will be more readily understood on reference, to the
annexed drawings representing in Fig 1 a half elevation and in Fig 2 a plan on
the line (xy) (a) is one of the stuffing box tubes (6 and c) are rings connecting
the two tubes together, to the frame (d) is attached a scroll (e) to which is fixed a
chain (f.) or a tube or rod terminating in a chain at its upper end and passing over
the pulley (g) hung upon a bracket on the ring (c) the opposite end of the chain
carries the balance weight (k) this is the arrangement in which the balancing
appliance is in the same vertical plane as the stuffing box tube. Fig 2 shews in
plan the position of the balance chain and weights in a plane at right angles
horizontally with that of the stuffing box tubes in this drawing (, ) represents
that position of the balance appliance the tubes rods or chains (1, 1) being con-
nected to a ring (m) placed below the ring (b) and attached to the frame (d) this
arrangement is shewn in dotted lines Fig 1.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my sald
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
"
The improvements in the construction of central light Gasaliers or "Suspensions
by the employment of a counterpoise to the weight of the sliding parts, so as to
render the action smoother easier and more uniform as herein more fully set forth
and specified.
FIXING FOR REELS OF FISHING RODS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JAMES HENRY HANNAY, of N° 33 Porchester Terrace in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"FIXING FOR REELS OF FISHING RODS and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The reel of a fishing rod is usually fixed on the rod by sliding rings that embrace
the rod over the projecting ends of a hollowed strip of metal attached to the reel.
My invention relates to means of fixing the reel in a more expeditious and
convenient manner as I will explain referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of part of the rod having applied to it a fixing for
the reel W, according to my invention. The hollowed strip of metal S to which
the reel W is attached has at one end a rounded projection H which fits into &
hollow of a part projecting down from the ring R¹ fixed to the rod. The other end
of S is formed as a lateral hook C which catches into the slot of a small spring
bolt B that is fitted to slide in a part projecting down from the ring R² also fixed
to the rod. For putting on the reel the end H is inserted while the strip S is held
in an inclined attitude as indicated by the dotted lines S¹, and then S being raised
up towards the rod, the hook C snaps in and becomes engaged by the spring bolt B
holding the real firmly in position. When it is desired to take off the reel, it is
only necessary to press in the bolt B by applying the finger at F, and C being thus
disengaged, the reel can be removed. As shewn in Fig. 2 the spring bolt B with a
projection F for the finger may be fitted to slide in the end of S, the latch hook C
being formed on the projecting part of the ring R2. Obviously the particular form
or position of the latch hook and spring bolt may be varied; the bolt, for example,
might be arranged to move laterally or to be turned aside in opposition to a spring;
and generally any known form of spring catch may be employed that will operate
as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
For fixing the reel of a fishing rod, making the strip of metal to which the reel
is attached with one end rounded to enter a recess formed in a piece attached to

page_text: rod and turn partly round therein as a hinge, and with the other end arranged
in combination with a spring bolt or catch that can engage with another piece
attached to the rod and can be released by the pressure of the finger, substantially
as herein described.
An Improved Socket-joint for Canes, Rods, and the like.
Year: 1885

page_text: An Improved Socket-joint for Canes, Rods, and the like.
WO HENRY DAVIDSON of 86 Mayfield Road, Dalston, E. in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, and HERMAN HART of 1 Settles Street Commercial Road E
also in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer of Sweeps' and Drain Cleansing
Machinery do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
To be made of brass, iron, or other metals, to be made in halves; called respectively
male, and female sockets, to be connected as follows:-The male socket is fitted to
the female socket, by means of a projecting piece D shaped, or such other shape as
shall prevent one half turning round without the other half, and such projecting
piece to go into the corresponding shape in female socket made to receive it: and
when the halves have thus been put together, they are to be firmly fastened to
each other by means of a set screw through the side of the female socket and on
to the male D piece.
..

page_text: We HENRY DAVIDSON of 86 Mayfield Road Dalston in the County of Middlesex
Engineer and HERMAN HART of 1, Settles Street Commercial Road also in the
County of Middlesex Manufacturer of Sweep's and Drain-cleansing machinery do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for AN IMPROVED SOCKET JOINT FOR
CANES, RODS, AND THE LIKE and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
We make our improved Socket Joint of brass, iron, or other metal, in halves,
called respectively male and female sockets, to be connected as follows. The male
socket is fitted to the female socket by means of a projecting piece, D shaped, and
marked D in the drawing, or such other shape as shall prevent one half turning.
round without the other half, and such projecting piece to go into the corresponding
shape in the female socket made to receive it; and when the halves have thus
been put together, they are to be firmly fastened to each other by means of a set
screw through the side of the female socket onto the male D piece.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The combination of parts as before described, consisting of male and female,
sockets shaped so as to prevent one half turning round without the other half,
and fastened with a set screw.
COLD WATER VAL
Year: 1885

page_text: JOSEPH CLARKE THREADGOLD 45 Dudley Street Luton Bedfordshire Brass
Founder do hereby declare the nature of my invention for HOT AND COLD WATER
VALVES to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the construction of Valves in a Triangular shape which
shape gives a short, strong and compact Valve with a clear way into the Boiler, when
the Stuffing Box is removed for cleaning out the shank, if filled up with sediment.
It can by this Triangular form be more cheaply and easily manufactured and kept
closer to the Boiler plate than any other Valve I an acquainted with and yet the
handle whether Fan, Wheel or Lever, can be kept at a very convenient distance
from the same.
Applicable to Ranges, Steam Boilers, Hot or Cold Water, Spirit Cocks and all
purposes for which Bib Nose cocks and valves are now used.
In further describing my invention I may say, I make the body of the Valve in
the form of a triangular block and on the vertical side of the Block I put what is
generally called the shank or inlet of the Valve, on the uppermost side I put the
Stuffing Box with the screwed spindle for opening and closing the valve and on the
under side I put the bib nose or outlet of the Valve.
Having described my invention I here state that what I claim as my invention is
the triangular shape of the body of the valve and the arrangement of the inlet,
outlet, and Stuffing Box to that shape.

page_text: I, JOSEPH CLARKE THREADGOLD Brass Founder 45 Dudley Street Luton Beds
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for HOT AND COLD WATER VALVES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My Invention consists in the construction of a valve, the body of which is in the
form of a triangular block and on the vertical side of the block I put what is
commonly called the shank or inlet of the valve, on the upper surface of the block
I put the stuffing box with the screwed spindle for opening or closing the valve,
and on the under surface I put the bib nose or outlet of the valve.
By this form of construction I get a short strong and compact valve with a clear
way into the boiler for cleaning out the shank when filled up with sediment from
the water. It can also be fixed closer to the boiler plate than any other and yet
the handle whether fan, wheel, or lever is at a very convenient distance from the
same as shown in my drawings. It is applicable to hot or cold water valves,
steam valves, range valves spirit valves and all purposes for which bib valves
are used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The construction of the body of the valve in the form of a triangular block as
shown in my drawinca
An Improved Aspirating Apparatus for Use in Mines and the like.
Year: 1885

page_text: An Improved Aspirating Apparatus for Use in Mines and
the like.
We, EMIL RITZENFELDT and GUSTAV HERMANN RITZENFELDT, both manu-
facturers of digesters, and both in 55 Müller Street, Berlin do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention for "AN IMPROVED ASPIRATING APPARATUS FOR USE
IN MINES AND THE LIKE" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The principle of the present invention consists in the production of a vacuum,
for the aspiration and expiration of explosive gases or the like. This aim is
attained by means of an apparatus, which is represented in Figure 1, in elevation,
and in Figure 2 in section.
The apparatus consists of a cylinder A, which can be carried up to any desired
height, and in the lower part of which, a rear shaped furnace B for heating the air
is placed.
The heating space B is separated from the upper part of the cylinder A by a
partition wall C, the upper end of the furnace B opens into the latter, and the
smoke pipe D is joined to B again. For the purpose of utilising the warmth
completely, a rest E is fixed into the partition wall C and the pipe F is placed
on it. On cylinder A there is a flange G which allows the gases carried away with
the warm air and sucked out of the shaft to escape in the direction shewn by the
arrows. In addition to this a soot-box H is applied to flange G.
F is a door for removing the dust and soot. K. is a rest on to which the suction
pipe is secured, which pipe opens into the shaft to be cleared. The suction pipe
can be made of sheet iron or of any suitable material. The apparatus operates as
follows: On heating B, the cylinder A becomes heated and air in the latter
becomes rarified, consequently the apparatus aspirates the gases that have to be
removed out of the shaft, and discharges them into the air in the direction of the
arrows,
It should be remarked, that the whole cylinder A is preferably encased with
masonry, in order to attain a better effect, and to prevent loss of heat.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. The combination of parts forming the aspirating apparatus or exhaustor for
the prevention of explosions of gas in mines and the like, by the removal of the
gases causing the explosions, consisting essentially of the cylinder A heated by B
and separated from the latter by partition-wall C, in the inner space of which is
the chimney D and the heat conducting pipe F which latter joins the rest E of the
partition-wall C, and finally of the suction pipe, which opens into A close above
the partition-wall C substantially as and for the purposes described.
IMPROVED ALARM WHISTLE FOR VEHICLES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ALEXANDER SIGGLEY GARVIE Engineers Patternmaker, at Bowershall Engine-
works, Bonnington Road Leith do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVED ALARM WHISTLE FOR VEHICLES and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
The accompanying drawing shows the contrivance applied to a Bicycle or
Tricycle and fastened to the Brake. It may be fixed if required on a special
Brake made to carry it doing away with the Bracket I. Its construction and mode
of action are as follows:-A (Figs. 1 and 3) is a friction pulley wrought from the
rubber tyre and fitted in the Bracket B which is carried by the adjustable screwed
pin C with a guide pin J. On the axle of this friction pulley or roller is fixed the
Crank D to which is attached the Piston Rod E working the piston in the
Cylinder F which oscillates in the Bracket I.
This Cylinder has a port or air passage at each end leading into the whistles G
and H. as shown. The Friction Roller A, in revolving carries with it the Crank D
actuating the Piston which, forcing the air through the apertures K and L
alternately, causes the alarm.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim as my Invention is
The Improved Alarm Whistle for Vehicles wrought by a friction roller and
applied to Bicycles, Tricycles or any other road vehicles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EAR-STUDS
Year: 1885

page_text: I MATTHEW HENRY TILLEY of 46 South Street, Dorchester in the county of
Dorset Watchmaker and Jeweller do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EAR-STUDS" to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the wires for fixing ear-studs whereby
I obtain simplicity and safety, as well as ease in inserting the wire into the ear.
In carrying out my invention I form the stud as usual, but I employ a straight
wire, having a pear shaped point or end, the diameter of the base of the pear
shaped end being greater than that of the remainder of the wire which tapers from
the back of the stud to the base of the pear shaped end.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Ear-studs.
"
I MATTHEW HENRY TILLEY of 46 South Street Dorchester in the county of
Dorset Watchmaker and Jeweller do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EAR-STUDS to be as follows, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described, and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in the wires for fixing ear-studs whereby
I obtain simplicity, and safety, as well as case in inserting the wire into the ear.
In carrying out my invention I form the stud as usual, but I employ a straight
wire, having a pear shaped point or end, the diameter of the base of the pear
shaped end being greater than that of the remainder of the wire which tapers from
the back of the stud to the base of the pear shaped end.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Having invented a new wire for Ear Studs, consisting of a straight wire, having
a pear shaped point or end, the diameter of the base of the pear shaped end being
greater than that of the remainder of the wire, which tapers from the back of the
stud to the base of the pear shaped end. When the Ear Stud is in use, the pear
shaped point or end projects through the back of the ear, which prevents its
falling out.
NEW CAKE
Year: 1885

page_text: I JAMES FINDLAY of 179 York Road Camden Road N. and 1, Fitzjolins Parade
Finchley New Road N.W. wholesale & retail Pastrycook, Confectioner & Bread
Baker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for A NEW CAKE and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
A new combination of sugar, butter, eggs, flour citron peel, cherries & angelica;
covered with a mixture of almonds, sugar, eggs, flour, orange flower-water, fondant
iceing, otto of roses & pistachio kernels.
The method of making the new cake is beating well together the sugar butter
and eggs, adding the flour, citron cherries and angelica, the mixture being then put
into hoops and partially baked to this is added a composition of almonds sugar
savoy cake, eggs, orange flower water otto of rose and boiled sugar, the baking is
then completed and the cakes finished with prepared fondant and pistachio kernels
The shape of the cakes is octagon.
The ingredients of the new cake are 1 part butter 1 part sugar 1 part eggs
1 part flour 1 part cherries part citron peel part angelica and for the top
1 part almonds
part sugar savoy cake eggs 1 fondant pistachio kernels
part orange flower water 1 minim otto of rose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
That no cake has ever before been made of a similar mixture and that it is an
improvement in the method of prepareing the materials.
.
T
1000
JAMES FINDLAY.
FOLDING CHAIR
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I ERNEST SMITH, Chair Maker, of 18 Thurlow Hill West Dulwich in the County
of Surrey do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for A FOLDING CHAIR
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Fig. I. in the drawing represents a section of the Chair when opened A. B. C. D.
are bars pivoted together at o. e. i. u. E is a sliding seat and can be construted of
wood framed together, of veneer seating, compressed fibre seating, or other suitable
material sufficiently strong and rigid to permit brackets w. to be securely fastened
to the under side. The seat thus formed rests upon and is connected with the
cross rails b. b. in the manner indicated in the drawing the hinge o. is fixed to the
bar D. and pivoted to the bar B. thus enableing the bars D. to fold within the bars C.
and in a line parallel with them, the seat sliding into a horizontal position with the
legs, arms, and back when folding.
Having now particularly described and ascertained. the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
my claim is
Is the sliding seat E. and the hinge o connecting the bars B. & D. for the purpose
as herein before described.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR SNARING WILD AND OTHER ANIMALS VERMIN AND BIRDS
Year: 1885

page_text: Vermin, and Birds.
I, GEORGE DYER WOOD of North Street Wednesfield near Wolverhampton in the
County of Stafford, Padlock Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR SNARING WILD AND OTHER ANIMALS
VERMIN AND BIRDS to be as follows:-
The Traps which has hitherto been constructed requires a pressure on the plate
on which the bait is fastened and if the bait is pulled it will not act.
This Trap;
on the contrary has a double or single action so that it can act either by pulling
or pressing by means of a lever fastened. vertical to the bridge which supersedes
the tongue or catch at present employed for that purpose.
DAL:
1
P T1

page_text: Improvements in Traps for Snaring Wild and other Animals,
Vermin, and Birds.
I, GEORGE DYER WOOD, of North Street Wednesfield near Wolverhampton in the
County of Stafford, Lock maker, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR SNARING WILD AND OTHER ANIMALS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
Referring to the drawing filed with my provisional specification the traps which
has hitherto been constructed requires a pressure on the plate marked P on which
the bait is fastened and if the bait is pulled it will not act. This Trap on the
contrary has a double or single action so that it can act either by pulling or
pressing by means of a lever L fastened vertical to the bridge B which supersedes
the tongue or catch at present employed for that purpose.
What I claim is a double or single action so that when the spring of the Trap is
pressed down the jaw of the trap falls on the bottom end of the Lever and the top
end falls over Jaw or the bow of spring.
When the trap is set the Jaw or Bow of spring presses against the top of Lever
and it presses against the end of the till and holds the plate in its proper position.
Dated this 20th day of October 1885.
IMPROVEMENT IN RAILWAY CHAIR
Year: 1885

page_text: WILLIAM BUTLER CARR Laurel Cottage Wrecclesham Farnham Surrey Gentle-
man do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVEMENT IN
RAILWAY CHAIR to be as follows:-
Inside of flange B, centre to be slightly bulged, & the said part bulged to be
5 grooved, or corrugated diagonally, as shown at figure B, so as to firmly secure
wooden wedge E between rail, F, & flange, B.

page_text: WILLIAM BUTLER CARR 88 Ashford Road Eastbourne Sussex Gentleman do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVEMENT IN RAILWAY
CHAIRS and in what inanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Figure A inside of flange B centre to be slightly bulged as shewn at figure 0 5
letter E the said part bulged to be grooved or corrugated diverging diagonally from
each side to centre, with perpendicular groove in centre, dividing diagonal grooving
as shewn at figure B, so as to firmly secure wood wedge E between rail F and
flange B.
The feature of my invention is, that the bulge on the inside of flange B being 1
slightly rounding and fullest in the centre, will cause a parallel wooden wedge when
driven from either side of flange B to tighten as it is driven between flange B and
rail F. The feature of the corrugation or grooving is, it will become imbeded in
the wooden wedge, when the wooden wedge is driven into its position, and the
corrugations diverging from each side in opposite directions to the centre of flange B, 1
guides the wooden wedge into its true line, when being driven into its place, and
the angle of the grooving crossing the straight line of wooden wedge, will prevent
the wedge from working backwards or forwards, unless driven in or out by the
ordinary force of a plate layer's hammer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said 2
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
An Improvement in Railway Chairs
1. Inside of the flange of Chair slightly bulged or rounded.
WASHING CLOTHES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OR CHURNING
Year: 1885

page_text: HENRY WILLIAM WELCH 68 Blair Street Poplar London E Carpenter &
Joiner do hereby declare the nature of my own invention for WASHING CLOTHES
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OR CHURNING to be as follows:-
"
',
A machine designed for the comfort and convenience of the housewife I therefore
design that it may be portable wholly or in part. A tub either "round" or
square or any polagonal shape. A machine to work inside either portable
or fixture constructed to have a reversing driving motion-regular or irregular-
and to give a centrefugal force to the water-and to have flaps to oscillate on
centres outside of actual working centre that on starting motion will close round
the centre and on reversing motion will by the impetus of the water be carried
round and in their course nearly touch side of tub squeezing the clothes at the
same time and then to close in on the opposite side. By the continuation of this
motion the clothes are thrown to the side of tub receiving continual punching.
To be composed of galvanised iron & wood.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Clothes or Churning.
HENRY WILLIAM WELCH 68 Blair Street Poplar, London, E. Carpenter and
Joiner I, Henry William Welch do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It is designed that it shall be portable or a fixture and can be adapted to any
tub A round, square or any polagonal shape. It has a reversing driving motion;
beaters or flaps B are swung upon centres C outside of actual working centre D
that on starting "motion close around the centre E & give a centrifugal force to
the water & on reversing motion are caught by the opposing force of water they are
carried round F in their course nearly touching side of tub G closing in on the
opposite side. By a continuance of this motion it will be seen that the clothes
are kept out of the centre and by the continuous punching are thoroughly washed
and cleansed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The punching process obtained by and through the application of "Eccentric
Centres " C.
2. That by reason of the motion given to the water and the outward dashing
of the flaps or beaters the clothes are kept out of the centre consequently receiving
the action of the greatest possible force of water.
3. The clothes being released after squeezing suck again the water which in
continuance cleanses thoroughly.
Dated this 22nd day of Anril 1886.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PLACARDS OR PLATES FOR ADVERTISING PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: Advertising Purposes.
I, ALOIS WINKLER of the City of Vienna in the Empire of Austria, Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PLACARDS OR PLATES FOR ADVERTISING PURPOSES and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
--
The characteristic peculiarity of these placards consists therein that the object
to be illustrated is produced in relief print and in its natural colour. Should for
instance, these placards serve to advertise certain kinds of mineral water, then that
colour and design is represented on them, which is peculiar to and characteristic of
the special mineral water and of its packing material. The material purpose
of these tin placards is to show an article to the public in its natural colour so that
they are better able in purchasing to distinguish it from spurious imitations. The
manner of producing these placards is so very simple that when 2 or 3 such placards
are made, the expense of making is not only covered but there is also a small
profit. These placards are made by stamping in the well known manner; the
embossed form is then printed over with oil colours. The printing over of raised
and curved surfaces is absolutely new as yet and forms the characteristic feature of
this invention. The printed placard is then dried. The whole process requires but
a few minutes, in which time a whole placard can be made.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. The new or improved method of producing coloured relief pictures upon tin
plate or the like, by first embossing the design on the plate, and subsequently
printing over it, substantially as described.
2nd. As a new article of manufacture, tin plates embossed with a design, and
subsequently printed over in colours, substantially as described.
Dated this seventh day of September 1889,
WP. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
and 323, High Holborn, London,
Filing Agents for the Applicant.
Improvement in the Method of Production of Articles made of Glass.
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in the Method of Production of Articles made of
Glass.
I JOSEPH HILL Glass Engraver of Station Street Tutbury in the County of
Stafford (formely of Wheeling West Va U.S.A) do hereby decleare the nature of
my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF ARTICLES
MADE OF GLASS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the seperation of the surplus parts of Glass Articles
duering manufacture from the part required.
I take for example a Tumbler which is blown in a mould of the shape of a Bottle
(minus the neck) and place it in a Chuck in a suitable Laythe and driven at high
velocity, opposite the article to be operated upon are standards across which is a
tightened steel wire or other suitable material which is pressed upon the article at
the point at which it is desired to seperate the surplus portion. The said pressure
of the wire upon the article while revolving at high velocity produces a heated line
round the Glass which cawses it to seperate with or without being touched with
spray or water.
Having now particularly discribed and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is
The seperation of the surplus portion of a Glass Article in the process of manu-
facture by means of friction, produced by the pressure of a Steel Wire or other
suitable material on the Article while revolving in a Lathe or other appliance
suitable for the purpose.
Dated this the twenty-fourth day of December One thousand eight hundred
IMPROVEMENTS IN LATRINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, MOSES JAMES ADAMS Sanitary Engineer of Monk Bridge York do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN LATRINES to be as
follows:-
I provide one or more pans of stoneware, Iron or other suitable material these
pans are placed side by side and are connected together at the bottom by a pipe of
suitable size-the pans are so constructed that a certain amount of water is
retained in each to receive excreta etc At one end of this range I place a flushing
tank, by preference fitted with an automatic syphon, this tank discharges its
contents at intervals flushing the series of pans-from pan to pan and carrying
their contents to the drain to which the outlet of last one is connected.

page_text: I MOSES JAMES ADAMS Sanitary Engineer of 11 Chapter House Street York,
in the County of York and 7 Westminster Chambers London S.W. do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUSHING LATRINES and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention consists of Improvements in Flushing Latrines-I provide a
series of pans, each pan being so formed that it retains a certain amount of water
in its bottom to receive the excreta. The whole flushed thro'out their length by a
Flushing Tank, automatic or otherwise.
Fig. 1 shews a section of my apparatus A being the closet of an oval form by
preference, the sloping bottom B retains sufficient water for the use of each closet,
to prevent offence, arising from the dry excreta. C. is a pipe joining closet and
closet, and finally connected with drain E is the discharge pipe from Flush Tank
and F the Flush Tank I prefer to use-the discharge from which Tank scours the
whole series of closets from end to end and finally carries all matter to drain.
Having thus described my invention I claim
The formation of the pan-such pan being dished in its bottom to retain
sufficient water for its own use.
The arrangement of the pans as described in combination with a Flush Tank
automatic or otherwise.
PAT
TOOK
IMPROVEMENT OF BARROW WHEELS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JAMES RAE Manager, Car & Carriage Works David St Glasgow do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENT OF BARROW WHEELS and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by 'the following statement and accompanying sheet of
drawings ---
The improvement consists of the centre or nave and Spindle or axle being all in
one piece & made of metal, preferably Iron. The nave having mortices to receive
the Spokes.
A barrow wheel made in accordance with my Invention will last longer than
will be the case as usually constructed and will not get loose at centre It will also
be much safer and will be more economical both in construction and use
The nave
can also be respoked with facility.
The improved barrow wheel according to my Invention will not only last longer
as before stated than any other description of barrow wheel, but it will be found
much safer to work with especially where men have to wheel on planks; as, owing
to the axle and nave being in one piece the centre never gets loose.
As will be seen on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings the centre
of the wheel comprises a nave or hub A in which there are four mortices, through
which is driven a spoke the full diameter of the wheel, in the centre of which is a
half check B (Figure 2) to allow of the other two spokes meeting in the centre, and
preventing the double spoke from moving endways. The felloes or rims C are put
on in segments, there are no holes bored in the felloes, nor tenons on the spokes,
the felloes are dovetailed in between two spokes D, (Figure 1) the chin of the felloe
having about a quarter of an inch of shoulder E (Figure 1) to rest on; the whole
forming a complete arch. A barrow wheel thus constructed cannot possibly go-bad
if the tire F is kept on, till the wood is absolutely rotten, and then the nave can
be re-filled at a small expense. The axle and nave aforesaid may be either of cast-
iron, malleable iron, brass or any other metal that can be used in a mould. The
spokes and felloes are of wood. The tire F, of iron or other metal.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly. The improved barrow wheel substantially as herein described and set
forth and shewn in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Secondly. In a barrow wheel, constructing or forming the nave or hub and the
axle or spindle, in one piece, 'substantially as herein described and set forth and
shewn in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
A NOVEL EDIFICIAL APPLICATION OF CAST IRON
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPETE
DIECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM THOMLINSON-WALKER, of the Victoria Iron Works in the City and
County of York, Iron Founder, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
A NOVEL EDIFICIAL APPLICATION OF CAST IRON, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and. ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My Invention consists in the novel use or application of cast iron in substitution
for wood, plaster, or other substance, as the material employed for the "Dado" or
architectural arrangement of mouldings at the lower part of the walls of rooms,
balls, staircases and other interior parts of edifices as also for the continuation of
said mouldings around doorways, openings or recesses in the interior of edifices.
Said "Dado" and the continuation of same last described may be readily cast
to any desired pattern or configuration and also be painted or decorated according
to taste. It commends itself to owners of house property, architects, builders and
others, owing to its durability and the economy generally, arising from its adoption.
It also commends, itself to notice on Sanitary grounds: as the space or "shell"
intervening between it and the face of the wall of the edifice to which it is adapted,
may, if desired, be utilised as ventilating channels or channels or passages for the
circulation of heated air or vapour or of medicated vapour which may be allowed
to enter the interior portions of edifices through 'adjustable openings, gratings, or
valvular contrivances formed in the "Dado"" or the continuation of same, according
to my Invention.
I wish it to be understood also, that although I have herein particularised the
application of my Invention to the hereinbefore mentioned "Dado"-in the
acceptation of that term as generally understood and adopted by Architects,
Builders and Structural Engineers-my invention is also applicable (as will be
self-evident) to what is known in Building and Architectural nomenclature as
'skirting" or the plain "plinth" which in minor edifices or buildings may be
employed instead of the "Dado" aforesaid,
"

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The use or employment of cast iron as the material forming the herein referred
to and particularised portions of the interior of edifices substantially as and for the 5
purposes herein described and set forth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL CANS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HENRY COGAN, of Preston Yeovil, in the County of Somerset, Yeoman do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL CANS and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
I make Cans or Vessels to contain Oil to be used for lubricating Machinery
and other purposes where it is desirable to convey and deliver comparatively
small quantities of Oil to particular places, for example: to bearings, plummer
blocks, shafting, slides, &ca, with a Wire or Needle passing through and out of the
end of the spout of the Can through which the oil is to be poured.
The Wire or Needle is somewhat smaller than the passage through and the
orifice of the Spout of the Can so as to permit of the Oil flowing freely through
and out of the Spout.
I place a Spring inside the Can, the action of which causes the end of the Wire
or Needle to project out beyond the end of the Spout, and permits of its being
pressed back when it is desired to pour out Oil.
I fit a valve to the Wire or Needle which, when pressed forward by the spring,
closes the passage through the Spout, and prevents any Oil passing out through the
Spout.
When the Wire or Needle is pressed or drawn back, the valve is opened, and
Oil is permitted to flow through and out of the Spout.
I provide an air valve attached to the body of the Can to permit of the
admission of air, and to allow the Oil to flow out.
The Wire or Needle may be pressed back, and the Oil valve opened, by pressing
the point against the object to be lubricated; or drawn back by pressing down the
small button attached to the air valve.
For the better explaining and making clear my invention, I furnish two
drawings, one being an external view of an oil can or vessel to contain oil; the
other, a through Section of the same, showing the internal arrangement.
I do not confine myself to any particular shape, form, design, or size of Oil can
or vessel,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use of the Wire or Needle inside the Spout, by which the Oil is
conveyed and delivered to the desired position in the desired quantities.
2. The use of the Wire or Needle, to actuate the valve for regulating the flow
of Oil.
3. The use of the Wire or Needle, to actuate the valve for the admission of air.
4. The combination of the above claims, substantially as set out in the body of
the specification.