IMPROVE- MENTS IN DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Smith Horry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th December 1882.
WILLIAM SMITH HORRY Electrician Albion Hall, Dalston-London. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.
My Invention relates to improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines, Pear, or oval,
or oblong shaped coils of iron, copper, or other good conducting wire, square rod, or
strip of narrow size, or width, are built up into a wheel shape. The coils are so
arranged in sections as to form a perfect circle, when put together presenting the
appearance of a wheel with spokes, the number of spokes and sections being
determined by the class of work for which the machine is made; and a spindle of
iron or steel insulated from such wheel passes through the centre of boss, holding
the segment opposite to, and in as close contiguity as possible to the aboove referred
to coils, or segments are a series of electro magnets, the iron cores of which may
form part of the frame, of the machine being cast with it, or may be of wrought iron
and be bolted or rivetted to it. Thesé-electro magnets are so wound as to present
alternate N, and S, poles to the armature, consisting of the pear shaped coils, before
referred to, as it turns between them, so that a current taken off from such armature,
would be alternating. The Field or inducing magnets can be excited separately, or
a portion or the whole current the machine is capable of producing may be used
for this purpose, a commutator being employed to convert the alternate currents,
into currents of one direction. If a proportion only of the direct current obtained
be used, then the field magnets can be wound to a high resistance, and may form a
shunt to the external circuit and machine. Since however an alternating current,
is in some cases preferable, while a separate exciter would be inconvenient,
I use attached to the same spindle carrying the armature a separate armature of
similar kind, or it may consist of wire coils or plain copper bars, this is mounted for
convenience outside the frame, and the cores of the electro-magnets are either
continued through the casting, to the outside or bosses are cast upon the outside of

page_text: the frame, and wound with wire of suitable size. The second armature is excited
by these bobbins or exciting Field magnets, and has for its external circuit the Field
magnets on the inside of the plates, which excite the internal and main armature-
The main
the current being of course collected by a commutator, and direct.
armature is now connected at one end to the shaft, and the other to a collar
insulated from it, and an alternating current is obtained.
I prefer to use a stationary commutator, which may consist of insulated segmental
strips, fastened to the frame of the machine either inside, or outside, but insulated
from it, and so arranged that the armature spindle shall pass through it, sufficient
clearance being allowed to prevent contact between it and the commutator. The
brushes are fastened to the spindle and are caused to rub against the side of the
commutator and so take off the current, At other times when convenient I use a
commutator of the ordinary class, I can also when convenient, obtain from my
machine a direct current for exciting the Field, and an alternating current for
external circuit

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent filed
by the said William Smith Horry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th June 1883.
WILLIAM SMITH HORRY Electrician Albion Hall, Dalston London E. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
My Invention relates to improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines, and consists
of Pear, or oval, or oblong shaped coils, of Iron, Copper,. or other good conducting
wire square rod, or strip of any one of these metals of narrow, size, or width, built
up into a wheel shape, or segments presenting the appearance of a wheel, with
spokes, the number of spokes, sections, or segments being determined by the class
of work for which the machine is intended to be used. A spindle of Iron, or steel,
passes through the centre of an insulated boss; made. preferably of brass, or gun
metal which holds the spokes, sections, or segments, in position. On either side,
and in as close contiguity as possible to the spokes, sections, or segments, are a series
of Electro magnets the iron cores of which may form part of the frame of the
machine, being cast with it, or may be of wrought iron and be bolted or rivetted
to it, or these wrought iron cores can be cast in the cast iron,sides, the metal being
run round them in the usual manner, or both the cores and the side frames can be
made of malleable iron. These Electro magnets forming the field, are so wound
with copper strip, or wire, as to present, when excited by an electric current, alternate
N and S poles to the spokes, sections or segments, forming the armature, as it
turns between them, so that a current taken from such armature would be of
alternate direction. The Field, or Inducing Magnets, can be excited separately, or a
portion or the whole current derivable from the armature may be used for the
purpose, a commutator being employed to convert the alternate currents into
currents of one direction. If a portion only of such current be used, the Field
magnets can be wound with wire of high resistance; and may form a shunt to the
external circuit and machine. When a separate exciter. is inconvenient; and an
alternating current is required. I employ a separate armature; attached to the.
spindle carrying that from which the alternating current, is produced. This
separate armature may be similar to that described or may consist of wire coils,
plain copper bars, or plates. I mount this outside the frame on one side, the cores
of the electro magnets exciting it are then prolonged through the frame, or suitable
bosses for the armature employed may be cast upon it, and wound with wire or
strip, the separate armature sends the current induced by these electro magnets
round them; and also round those exciting the internal, or main armature, the
current being commutated for the purpose and direct. The internal, or main
armature, has one end of its strip or wire fastened to the spindle, and the other
to the insulated collar, provided for it, and upon closing the circuit an alternating
current is obtained. Having now generally described iny invention I will now do
so more fully by means of the drawing
Fig 1 and Fig 2 shew sectional, and side views of my improved Dynamo Machine
A A A are the electromagnets, which in this case are cast in one piece with the side
frame. These electro magnets are wound with copper wire, or strip, shewn at B B
the ends of which are brought down to the terminals shewn at C. Each electro
magnet is wound in such a manner as to present alternate N and S poles to the
armature D composed of the pear, oval, or oblong coils, described as it turns between
them. The armature D is composed of copper wire, or strip, perfectly insulated
between each layer; and the induced current traverses the wire or strip thus.
Entering at P Fig 4, it traverses coil D in the direction of the arrow, and it will be
seen in the next segment D² that the current traverses it in the reverse direction,

page_text: .
.
the connection between segment and segment being made by links E.
The
armature is held in position by means of the boss, or cheek plates HH See Figure 2,
Insulated bolts I passing through the ring of the boss, or cheek plates, and so holding
the segments of the armature the bolts serving to connect or make the circuit
between segment, and segment, by means of the links E E. See Fig 4. The outer
strip or wire being connected by rivetting or soldering as at F. thus making the
armature one continuous conductor. Another form of armature for direct currents,
is shewn at Fig 3. The coils, sections, or segments instead of forming one continuous
_conductor, are grouped in segments, each segmental group being an independent
open, or closed circuit. The groups or segments are so mounted as to cut the
magnetic field, at different times and in order to obtain sufficient electro motive
force, I use two, or more coils, side by side narrow copper strip or wire being used.
See Figs 7. 8. 9, 10 these coils are joined up, as shewn at Fig 10, and the bolt
fastening each segment to the boss or cheek plate, is in this instance insulated from
the segment, the current traversing the group as shewn by the arrows. The end of
the wire from each group is led to the plates. in the commutator, shewn at Fig 5 and
Fig 6. Taking group 3. Fig.3. the current from segments 1. 2. 3, 4 is conducted to
and divided between, the plus leaves of the commutator as shewn at Fig 5, The
current from the segments 1. 2. 3. 4 group 4 being divided in a similar manner,
amongst the minus leaves as at Fig 5. The current being collected by two or four
or more brushes placed in suitable positions. In the alternating current machine
shewn at Fig 2 these brushes K are shewn attached to, but insulated from a metal
sleeve, which forms the bush for the spindle, wires being led from each brush to the
terminals J. J.
.
Having now described my invention, I would have it understood, that I do not
confine myself to the exact details, shewn and described, as they can be modified to
suit circumstances without affecting its special features, What I consider original,
and therefore desire to have secured to me by these letters patent is*
1st The Armature composed of several segmental conductors so connected up by
means of a pin, and cross link, at one end of each section, and by rivetting fastening
or soldering, at the other end, as to form one continuous conductor, in the shape of a
wheel, or part of a wheel, or disc, this conductor only, being exposed to the
inductive effect of the magnetic field.
2nd In an armature producing direct currents, the method of grouping shewn and
described at Fig 3.
3rd In an armature for direct, or alternating currents, segmental conductors
composed of strips, arranged side, by side, and connected up as shewn in Figs 7. 8.
9. 10.
i
'In Witness whereof I the said William Smith Horry have hereunto set my
· hand and seal this eighth day of June in the year of our Lord 1982
Witness
FRANCIS M ROGER
.Electrician
21 Finsbury Pavement
EC
WILLIAM SMITH HORRY (L.S.)