IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION ENGINES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Tertius Chellingworth, of 12, Buckingham
Street, Adelphi, C.E., and Jonathan Thurlow, of 37, Belvidere Road,
Lambeth, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION ENGINES,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Tertius Chelling-
worth and Jonathan Thurlow at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th July 1861.
We, THOMAS TERTIUS CHELLINGWORTH, of 12, Buckingham Street, Adelphi,
C.E., and JONATHAN THURLOW, of 37, Belvidere Road, Lambeth, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION ENGINES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in traction engines. For
these purposes in constructing framing for a traction engine, sheets or plates
of iron are employed of considerable depth as compared with their thickness,
and, excepting at the fore end, such framing consists of four parallel lines of
plates producing three spaces between them. In the central space the boiler
is received, and in the side spaces are the driving wheels, each having inner
and outer bearings, both the bearings being fitted with springs. In the side
spaces also the steam cylinders are fixed in an inclined position, additional
inclined side framing being affixed to receive them, and such inclined frames
are affixed at their back and upper ends to the rising horns, which rise above
the descending horns which receive the boxes or bearings of the axle of the

page_text: hinder wheels. The plates of which the framing is composed are partly con-
nected by rivetting and partly by screw bolts and nuts, together with dovetail
connections where it is desired that the parts of the framing should be readily
separated to facilitate repairs or otherwise. Between the side framings which
bound the central space above mentioned the boiler is placed, and it is
suspended by suitable trunnions or axes, which it is preferred should be
applied near the fire-box end of the boiler, and they are arranged to be
supported by and to turn in suitable bearings fixed to the two inner lines of
parallel plates of the frame, which are strengthened at those parts by
additional thickness of plates. The outer parallel plates are connected to
the inner ones near where the axes of the boilers come by transverse plates,
the two ends of which are bent in opposite directions, and the parts bent
are fixed to the inner parallel plates by rivets, and to the outer parallel
plates partly by rivets and partly by screw bolts and nuts. The fore carriage
of the traction engine is supported on two wheels, the locking apparatus of
which is facilitated in its working by means of three or more wheels on
radial axes, such wheels being placed between the upper disc or plate and
the lower disc or plate of the locking apparatus.
The steering of the fore carriages is accomplished in the following man-
ner: A segment of a toothed wheel is fixed to the lower framing of the
fore carriage, into the teeth of which a worm gears, and such worm receives
motion in the following manner :-On the axis of the worm is affixed a bevil
toothed wheel, the teeth of which gear into the teeth of a similar wheel on an
upright axis, which receives motion from a steering wheel on a horizontal
axis, on which is fixed a bevil toothed wheel, which gears into and drives a
bevil toothed pinion on the upright shaft above mentioned.
The boiler, as before explained, has trunnions or axes fixed to it near the
fire-box, and they are received in bearings carried by the two inner parallel
plates of the framing above mentioned. Near the smoke-box end of the boiler,
and at the inner side thereof, is applied a screw, which passes through a
screw nut carried by a suitable transverse curved bar of the framing of the
carriage. On the screw nut is a bevil wheel, which gears into another bevil
toothed wheel on au axis, which is capable of receiving motion from an
excentric on the driving shaft of the engines, which is arranged to give motion
to two drivers, which gear into two ratchet wheels on the axis just mentioned,
and according as the one or other of the drivers is allowed to work for a time,
BO will the smoke-box end of the boiler be raised or lowered, and the driver
will be allowed to act according as the traction engine is ascending or
descending an inclined road or way, the boiler being retained in a horizontal

page_text: Both the covers of each
the piston rods act in
position when moving on an inclined road or way.
of the cylinders are made with stuffing boxes, and
such manner as to become plungers of the tank pump and feed pump. The
barrels of such pumps being fixed to an incline corresponding with the steam
cylinders, the pump will thus be worked direct from the engines.
The feed pipe to the boiler is composed of several parts, consisting of hollow
plugs and sockets, with cranked or bent hollow connections, so that a feed
pipe is produced which may vibrate freely to and fro according to the
requirements of the boiler. The exhaust steam in its passage from the
cylinder to the chimney is taken through the boiler in order that the steam
may be desiccated, and pass off in the form of vapour.
The exhaust pipes are composed of packed joints and sockets, so arranged
as not to be affected by the movements of the boiler during the ascent or
descent of the engine on an incline. In order to superheat the steam in its
passage from the boiler to the cylinders a box or chamber is introduced into
the smoke box having tubular passages through it corresponding in positions
and diameters with the tubular flues of the boiler, so that, in fact, the tubular
passages in the superheating box or chamber may be said to be continuations
of the tubular flues of the boiler. The superheating chamber or box is divided
by a partition, leaving a passage below the partition for the steam to pass from
one compartment to the other. The steam from the boiler is introduced into
one compartment of the superheater where it is heated by the tubular flues
passing through such compartment; the steam then passes under the partition
into the second compartment, and becomes further heated by the tubular
flues passing through such compartment. The steam then passes by a steam
pipe leading from the superheater to the engines.
The driving wheels are constructed in the following manner:-Each wheel
is made of wrought-iron spokes and fellies, and is constructed of what maybe
called two wheels, an inner and outer wheel. In constructing each of which
wheels a nave, and spokes, and ring are all welded together, and the two parts
thus formed are connected together by the axle passing through these naves,
and by the two fellies or outer rings being rivetted to another outer ring of the
desired width of the tread or periphery of the complete wheel; such ring
being by preference in three or more parts; over which ring a tyre composed
of three or more parts is placed, having between it and the inner ring a layer
of vulcanized india-rubber. The whole of the parts are bolted together by
screw bolts and nuts, there being a ring of wood composed of any convenient
number of pieces fixed on the interior of and between the two rings to which
the spokes are welded; on the ring of wood there is an inner ring of iron

page_text: notched where the spokes come, and all these parts are bolted together by the
screw bolts and nuts above mentioned. Between the two naves is fixed an
excentric, on which there is a band or strap to which radial rods are pin-
jointed at their inner ends. These rods are at their outer ends pin-jointed to
spades, which are capable of sliding through passages formed in the fellies and
the tyre of the wheel, so, as to project transversely across the tyre. These
spades are similar to what have been before used in constructing wheels for
traction engines, and one of such spades is connected by a pin joint to a
radial rod, which, in place of being connected to the strap. or band on the
excentric by a pin joint as each of the others is, is fixed to such band or strap
so as constantly to retain its radial position in the rotation of the wheel. On
the inner of the two parts of the wheel is fixed a cog wheel with internal
teeth, by which such wheel receives motion from the engine shaft by a pinion
thereon. On the outer surface of this cog wheel a strap break is applied
in order to retard or stop its rotation when required.
When it is: desirable that the traction engine should be applied to other
purposes, such as raising or lowering weights, similar to a steam crane, or to
driving machinery, after the manner of ordinary portable engines, additional
side frames, with bearings for two additional shafts, are applied, which rest on
and are supported by the crank-shaft bearings and axle boxes of the driving
wheels, so that they are supported by and partake of the action of the springs
which are applied to the boxes or bearings of the axle of the hinder wheels;
such springs being applied in a similar manner to that of the springs of
locomotive engines. For the purpose of raising or lowering weights shear
legs are fitted in sockets attached to the back frame of the engine, and are
supported by guys attached to the front part of the framing, a rope passing
over a suitable pulley or pullies is affixed to the shear legs, and thence over a
drum or barrel on one of the before-mentioned shafts. The other and
remaining shaft is used for driving machinery-by means of a rigger or drum
affixed to the same. Both the said shafts receive their motion from the crank
shafts by means of spur wheels and pinions, and can be disconnected from
each other, and also from the crank or driving shaft, by hand clutch wheels
and right and left hand screws on the said shafts, so that the engine may
be used for traction purposes, driving machinery, or as a steam crane, either
separately and distinctly or simultaneously.
Another form of boiler may be used, the tubes of which are fixed on an
incline of any.convenient angle, instead of horizontally, the body of water being
in the space above the fire-box, formed by the angle of the tubes, which is
partly taken up by a steam chamber, with a pipe opening into the top of the steam

page_text: space of the boiler, or by a continuance of a portion of the fire-box, from
the top of which a pipe leads into the chimney. The exhaust pipe in this
or the other form of boiler may be carried through the fire-box, with or
without a water space round it, to dry the exhaust steam. The guide for
the piston rod is formed of a tube of cast iron or other metal, bored out and
slotted at each side, which will allow the working of the bearings of the
connecting rods. The guide block is round, and fits the tube.
Another method of steering is performed by having a disc or plate on the
column or spindle of the under frame, on which is a metal roller.
A spiral
groove in a plate driven by the steering wheel in which the small roller
runs, causes the column of the under frame to turn to the required angle,
Another form of boiler may also be used more nearly approximating the
vertical description, that is, with a set of vertical tubes arranged in any con-
venient way in the fire-box, and having also a set of horizontal tubes in the
body of the boiler, with an intermediate fire space between each set of the
said tubes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth and Jonathan Thurlow in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wе, Тшомзе
TERTIUS CHELLINGWORTH, of 12, Buckingham Street, Adelphi, C.E., and
JONATHAN THURLOW, of 37, Belvidere Road, Lambeth, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,did
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas
Tertius Chellingworth and Jonathan Thurlow, Her special licence that we
the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth and Jonathan Thurlow, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Tertius
Chellingworth and Jonathan Thurlow, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION ENGINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Tertius. Chellingworth and

page_text: Jonathan Thurlow, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jonathan Thurlow, on behalf of myself
and the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in traction engines. For
these purposes in constructing framing for a traction engine, sheets or plates
of iron are employed of considerable depth as compared with their thickness,
and, excepting at the fore end, such framing consists of four parallel lines
of plates producing three spaces between them.
In the central space the
boiler is received, and in the side spaces are the driving wheels, each having
inner and outer bearings, both the bearings being fitted with springs. In
the side spaces also the steam cylinders are fixed in an inclined position,
additional inclined side framing being affixed to receive them, and such
inclined frames are affixed at their back and upper ends to the rising horns,
which rise above the descending horns which receive the boxes or bearings
of the axle of the hinder wheels. The plates of which the framing is
composed, are partly connected by rivetting, and partly by screw bolts and
nuts, together with dovetail connections where it is desired that the parts
of the framing should be readily separated to facilitate repairs or otherwise.
Between the side framings which bound the central space above mentioned
the boiler is placed, and it is suspended by suitable trunnions or axes,
which it is preferred should be applied near the fire-box end of the boiler,
and they are arranged to be supported by and to turn in suitable bearings
fixed to the two inner lines of parallel plates of the frame which are
strengthened at those parts by additional thickness of plates. The outer
parallel plates are connected to the inner ones near where the axes of the
boilers come by transverse plates, the two ends of which are bent in opposite
directions, and the parts bent are fixed to the inner parallel plates by rivets, and
to the outer parallel plates partly by rivets and partly by screw bolts and nuts.
The fore carriage of the traction engine is supported on two wheels, the
locking apparatus of which is facilitated in its working by means of three or
more wheels on radial axes, such wheels being placed between the upper disc

page_text: or plate and the lower disc or plate of the locking apparatus. The steering of
the fore carriage is accomplished in the following manner: A segment of a
toothed wheel is fixed to the lower framing of the fore carriage, into the teeth
of which a worm gears, and such worm receives motion in the following
manner-On the axis of the worm is affixed a bevil toothed wheel, the teeth
of which gear into the teeth of a similar wheel on an upright axis, which
receives motion from a steering wheel on a horizontal axis, on which is fixeda
bevil toothed wheel, which gears into and drives a bevil toothed pinion on the
upright shaft above mentioned. The boiler as before explained has trunnions
oraxes fixed to it near the fire box, and they are received in bearings carried
by the two inner parallel plates of the framing above mentioned. Near the
smoke box end of the boiler, and at the inner side thereof, is applied a screw,
which passes through a screw nut carried by a suitable transverse curved bar
of the framing of the carriage. On the screw nut is a bevil wheel which gears
into another bevil toothed wheel on an axis which is capable of receiving
motion from an excentric which is arranged to give motion to two drivers
which gear into two ratchet wheels on the axis just mentioned, and according
as the one or other of the drivers is allowed to work for a time, so will the
smoke-box end of the boiler be raised or lowered, and the driver will be
allowed to act according as the traction engine is ascending or descending an
inclined road or way, the boiler being retained in a horizontal position when
moving on an inclined road or way. Both the covers of each of the cylinders
are made with stuffing boxes, and the piston rods act in such manner as to
become plungers of the tank pump aud feed pump; the barrels of such pumps
being fixed to an incline corresponding with the steam cylinders, the pump will
thus be worked direct from the engines. The feed pipe to the boiler is
composed of several parts, consisting of hollow plugs and sockets with cranked
or bent hollow connections, so that a feed pipe is produced which may vibrate
freely to and fro, according to the requirements of the boiler. The exhaust
steam in its passage from the cylinder to the chimney is taken through the
boiler in order that the steam may be dessicated and pass off in the form of
vapour. The exhaust pipes are composed of packed joints and sockets, so
arranged as not to be affected by the movements of the boiler during the
ascent or descent of the engine on an incline.
The driving wheels are constructed in the following manner:-Each wheel
is made of wrought-iron spokes and fellies, and is constructed of what may be
called two wheels, an inner and outer wheel, in constructing each of which
wheels a nave and spokes and ring are all welded together, and the two parts
thusformedare connected together by the axlepassing through these naves,and

page_text: by the two fellies or outer rings being rivetted to another outer ring of the
desired width of the tread or periphery of the complete wheel, such ring being
by preference in three or more parts, over which ring a tyre composed of three
or more parts is placed, having between it and the inner ring a layer of vul-
canized india-rubber. The whole of the parts are bolted together by screw
bolts and nuts,there being a ring of wood, composed of any convenient number
of pieces, fixed on the interior of and between the two rings to which the
spokes are welded. On the ring of wood there is an inner ring of iron notched
where the spokes come, and all these parts are bolted together by the screw
bolts and nuts above mentioned. Between the two naves is fixed an excentric,
on which there is a band or strap, to which radial rods are pin-jointed at their
inner ends; these rods are at their outer ends pin-jointed to spades, which are
capable of sliding through passages formed in the fellies and the tyre of the
wheel, so as to project transversely across the tyre. These spades are similar
to what have been before used in constructing wheels for traction engines, and
one of such spades is connected by a pin joint to a radial rod, which in place
of being connected with the strap or band on the excentric by a pin joint,
as each of the others is, is fixed to such band or strap, so as constantly to
retain its radial position in the rotation of the wheel. On the inner of the
two parts of the wheel is fixed a cog wheel with internal teeth, by which
such wheel receives motion from the engine shaft by a pinion thereon.
On the outer surface of this cog wheel a strap break is applied, in order to
retard or stop its rotation when required.
When it is desirable that the traction engine should be applied to other
purposes, such as raising or lowering weights, similar to a steam crane, or
to driving machinery, after the manner of ordinary portable engines, addi-
tional side frames with bearings for two additional shafts are applied,
which rest on and are supported by the crank shaft bearings and axle boxes
of the driving wheels, so that they are supported by and partake of the
action of the springs, which are applied to the boxes or bearings of the
axle of the hinder wheels, such springs being applied in a similar manner
to that of the springs of locomotive engines.
For the purpose of raising or lowering weights, shear legs are fitted in
sockets attached to the back frame of the engine, and are supported by guys
attached to the front part of the framing; a rope passing over a suitable pulley
or pulleys is affixed to the shear legs, and thence over a drum or barrel on one
of the before-mentioned shafts. The other and remaining shaft is used for
driving machinery by means of a rigger or drum affixed to the same. Both
he said shafts receive their motion from the crank shaft by means of spur

page_text: wheels and pinions, and can be disconuected from each other and also from
the crank or driving shaft by hand clutch wheels and right-hand and left-
hand screws on the said shafts, so that the engine may be used for traction
purposes, driving machinery, or as a steam crane, either separately and
distinctly or simultaneously.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed
more fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a plan, and Figure 2, a side view, of a framing constructed
according to our Invention suitable for a traction engine. We would state in
respect to this part of our Invention that we are aware that in constructing
framing for locomotive engines suitable for railways, inside and outside
framings have been employed; now, according to this part of our Invention,
only the after parts are made with inside and outside framing, but the fore
parts are so formed in combination with the inside and outside framing, that
the fore part may be suitable for the employment of locking apparatus, in
order that a traction engine may be guided or steered by means of the fore
wheels, as hereafter explained. The plates of which the framing for a traction
engine is composed are partly rivetted and partly fastened by screw nuts and
bolts and dovetail joints; where it is desired that the framing should be readily
separated and where such dovetail jointing of the framing is resorted to, the
plates of the outer framing and the bent or angle plates which are fixed
between the inner and outer framing are caused to cover the dovetail joints in
such manner as to form what may be called butt plates, and screw bolts are
passed through such butt plates and through the plates of which the framing
is formed, in order to combine those parts together. It is desirable also to use
screw bolts and nuts to fix the outside framing to the inside framing as shewn,
whilst the plates composing the inside framing may be rivetted together, and
such is the case in regard to the other parts of the framing, where it is not
desired to provide for readily separating the parts thereof. a, a, a, is the inner
framing; b, b, b, is the outer framing; c, c, are angle or bent plates forming
stays, by which the inner and outer framings are secured to each other. The
outer framing as it proceeds forward beyond the stays c, c, are bent into a
curved form, as shewn, and the ends are fixed to the curved plate or plates
forming the fore end d of the inner framing; e, e, are the horns which descend
below and also rise above the side plates, of which inner and outer framings
are comprised, as is shewn by the Drawings; such horns are applied to both
the inner and the outer framings, and inner and outer springs are applied to

page_text: the bearings of the axles of the driving wheels; ff, are inclined fiamings
which are fixed to the inner rising horns and also to the inner framings, as
shewn. These inclined framings receive the steam cylinders of the traction
engine, as shewn in the Drawings. We would remark in respect to this part
of our Invention, we do not claim the parts separately of the framing, but
only the mode herein described of combining the parts into a framing
suitable for a traction engine.
Figure 3 shews a side elevation of a traction engine constructed according
to our several improvements; Figure 4 shews a plan partly in section; and
Figure 5, an end view. The framing shewn is the same as that shewn
separate in Figures 1 and 2. The fore wheels and locking apparatus shewn
in Figures 3, 4, and 5, will be better understood by reference to Figures 6
and 7, where the parts are shewn on a larger scale; Figure 6 being a front
elevation, and Figure 7 a side elevation, partly in section. g, g, are the two
fore wheels of the traction engine on the axle h, which is received between the
two sides or cheeks i, i, projecting below the circular plate j. The axle / is
arranged to move freely up and down between the sides or cheeks i, as will be
readily understood on examining the Drawings; % is a spring, the central part
of which is connected to the lower parts of the cheeks or sides i, and the ends
of the spring / are attached by links to the lugs or projections on the under
side of the axle h, as is shewn. The circular plate jis attached to a sector
rack m by means of the connecting framing m³, m¹. On the centre of the
upper surface or plate j is formed a cylindrical projection 11, on which is
received the bollow cylinder n' of the under surface of the frame n, which is
fixed to the fore part of the framing of the traction engine above described,
and the parts j,j, and n, n¹, are retained together by means of the screw bolt
and nut n2, and thus is the axis of rotation of the locking motion produced;
n³, n³, are rollers or wheels on radial axes n4, carried by the frame n. These
rollers or wheels run on the circular raised track formed on the upper. surface
of the circular plate j. The steering of the traction engine is accomplished by
means of the arrangement above described, of the fore carriage or locking
apparatus above described, in combination with the apparatus shewn in
Figures 3, 4, and 5, and on a larger scale at Figures 8, 9, and 10, which we
will now describe. Figure 8 shews a front elevation; Figure 9 shews parts of
a plan; and Figure 10 a side elevation of some of the parts partly in section;
m is the sector rack, before mentioned, which is actuated by means of a screw
or worm m² on the shaft or axis o, which is carried by and turns in bearings
o¹, o¹, affixed to the fore end of the framing of the traction engine shewn in
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. On the shaft or axis o is fixed a bevilled toothed

page_text: wheel o², which is driven by a bevilled toothed wheel o³ fixed on the upright
shaft or axis o4, turning in suitable bearings fixed to the fore part of the
framing of the traction engine, as is clearly shewn in the Drawings. The
upright shaft or axis receives motion from a steering wheel 05 by means of
bevilled toothed wheels 06, 07, as is shewn in the Drawing. We would remark
in respect to this part of our Invention that we make no claim to any of the
mechanical parts separately, but claim the combined arrangement of parts
constituting the locking and steering apparatus herein described. The steam,
boiler, as before mentioned, is received in the central space of the framing
above described, with reference to Figures 1 and 2, and the boiler which is on
trunnions or axes is arranged to be moved up and down by apparatus shewn
in Figures 3, 4, and 5, and on a larger scale in Figures 11 and 12, which
respectively represent a cross or transverse section and part of a side view
p is a transverse curved bar or framing; p' is a screw fixed to the under side
of the steam boiler; p² is a screw nut, to which motion is communicated by
means of bevel wheels p, p,which are respectively fixed on the nut p2,and the
shaft or axis p5, on which axis are fixed two ratchet wheels 'po, pi, the teeth of
which are in opposite directions, so that by causing the lever p³ to rock to and
fro, one of the drivers pº or 210 will be allowed to act to move the axis or
shaft 2, the driver being moved out of the way for the time; p" is the rod
by which motion is communicated to the lever p³.
;
We would remark in respect to this part of our Invention that we do
not claim any of the mechanical parts separately, but we claim the com-
bined arrangement by which the boiler of a traction engine may be adjusted,
so as to be caused to assume a horizontal position whether going up or
down hill.
Figure 13 shews a transverse section, and Figure 14 a longitudinal section,
of apparatus for supplying a steam boiler with water where the boiler is
arranged to be moved up and down. a is the feed pipe, which is connected
with the bent hollow plug b, which fits and turns in a conical socket of the
cock, which is fixed to the boiler by means of the flange c. The conical plug
has passages 61, 61, through it, so that the feed water can at all times pass
freely out thereof into the hollow space around the plug, and from this
hollow space the water flows into the lower part of the valve chamber d,
in which there is a valve e, over which there is a screw plug to facilitate
the valve being got at, when necessary.
Figure 15 shews a longitudinal section, and Figure 16 a side elevation, of
apparatus for conducting away the exhaust steam from the steam cylinders in
cases where there is motion to the boiler, in order to retain it in a horizontal

page_text: position when going up or descending inclines of roads or ways. For this
purpose the pipes for conveying off the steam from the steam cylinders are
each made in parts. The part a is fixed to the steam cylinder, so as to receive
the exhaust steam therefrom; this is connected to an elbow bend b, which has
a socket, within which the end of the part c is received, a stuffing box being
formed in the usual manner, so as to admit of the end of the part c turning
steam-tight therein. The part c of the steam exhaust pipe is cranked, and
its other end enters a socket on the end of the part d, where a stuffing box
is formed in the ordinary manner; the other end of the part d enters a
socket formed in the part e, fixed to the steam boiler, there being a stuffing
box formed in the ordinary manner. The exhaust steam pipe of the other steam
cylinder is constructed in like manner to the one above described, and its end
enters and turns in a socket formed on the part e, which is fixed to the boiler.
The pipe e after entering the boiler proceeds within it and at the upper part
to the boiler, there being sufficient length of pipe within the steam boiler
to insure that the exhaust steam in passing to the chimney may, when it
passes into the atmosphere, be so hot as not immediately to condense, but be
as near as may be invisible, the object being that horses near a traction engine
may not be frightened by opaque clouds of condensing steam issuing from
the chimney.
We would have it understood that what we claim under this part of our
Invention is the combined parts, Figures 13 and 14, for feed pipes of traction
engine steam boilers; and we also claim the combined arrangement of parts
for conveying off the exhaust steam of traction engines, as above described.
Figure 17 shews a side view of a driving wheel of a traction engine, accord-
ing to our Invention; and Figure 18 shews a transverse vertical section. The
driving wheels are constructed in the following manner:-Each wheel is made
of wrought-iron spokes and fellies, and is constructed of what may be called
two wheels, an inner and outer wheel, a and b ; in constructing each of which
wheels a nave and spokes and ring are all welded together, and the two parts
thus formed are connected together by the axle c passing through these naves,
and by the two fellies or outer rings a¹, b', being rivetted to another outer
ring & of the desired width of the tread or periphery of the complete wheel,
such ring being, by preference in three or more parts, over which ring a tyre e,
composed of three or more parts, is placed, having between it and the inner
ring a layer or vulcanized india-rubber. The whole of the parts are bolted
together by screw bolts and nuts f,f, there being a ring of wood g, composed
of any convenient number of pieces, fixed on the interior of and between the
two rings a¹, b', to which the spokes are welded. On the ring of wood there is

page_text: an inner ring of iron k, notched where the spokes come, and all these parts
are bolted together by the screw bolts and nuts above mentioned. Between
the two naves is fixed an excentric i, on which there is a band or strap j, to
which radial rods k, k, are pin-jointed at their inner ends; these rods are at
their outer ends pin-jointed to spades /,7, which are capable of sliding through
passages formed in the fellies and tyre of the wheel, so as to project trans-
versely across the tyre. These spades are similar to what have been before
used in constructing wheels for traction engines, and one of such spades is
connected by a pin joint to a radial rod, which in place of being connected
to the strap or band on the excentric by a pin joint, as each of the others
is, is fixed to such band or strap at ¹, so as constantly to retain its radia
position in the rotation of the wheel. On the inner of the two parts of the
wheel is fixed a cog wheel m, with internal teeth, by which such wheel
receives motion from the engine shaft by a pinion thereon. On the outerl
surface of this cog wheel a strap break is applied, in order to retard or stop
its rotation when required. In regard to this part of the Invention, we
claim the constructing driving wheels for traction engines by combining the
parts as herein described.
In Figures 3, 4, and 5 is also shewn the manner in which shear legs and
other suitable parts and gearing may be fitted to a traction engine for raising
and lowering weights. A, A, are the shear legs, the lower ends of which are
pin-jointed to the hinder part of the traction engine, and they are sustained at
any desired elevation by the tackle and gearing shewn in these Figures. We
would state in regard to this lifting apparatus or machinery, that it is not
separately claimed; the peculiarity consists in combining such lifting
machinery with a traction engine.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Thurlow, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JONATHAN THURLOW. (L.S.)