IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR BORING AND WORKING ROCK AND OTHER MATERIAL AND IN STANDS FOR BUCH ENGINES. THE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES BEING PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES." ENGINES FOR AND FOR S.
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Bernard Deering, of Bayswater, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ENGINES FOR BORING AND WORKING ROCK AND OTHER MATERIAL AND IN
STANDS FOR BUCH ENGINES. THE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES BEING PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
ENGINES FOR BORING AND WORKING ROCK AND OTHER MATERIAL AND IN
STANDS FOR SUCH ENGINES. THE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES BEING PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 5th July 1867, and dated the 7th January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
left by the said Frederick Bernard
Doering at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 7th January 1867.
I, FREDERICK BERNARD DOERING, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR BORING AND WORKING ROCK AND OTHER MATERIAL
AND IN STANDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, THE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES BEING PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention primarily consists in the construction and employment of one
or more cylinders for distributing steam, air, or other fluid to one or more
other cylinders, the pistons of the first-named cylinders being worked from a
cross head connected to the piston rod of the engine. This arrangement is
applicable to any purpose where a distribution of steam or other fluid is
required to work different parts of the mechanism at different parts of the
stroke of the engine, it being possible to work the valve of the engine by this
distribution, but it is particularly intended for boring engines which I
Price 8d1

page_text: construct, as about to be described. I employ in combination with the
ordinary cylinder in which the piston which actuates the boring tool works a
small cylinder formed with ports, as hereafter described; I also employ in
combination with this small cylinder a valve cylinder and two other cylinders,
the piston rods of which are connected to pauls, as hereafter mentioned;
these three cylinders are in communication with the small cylinder which
thus works the valve of the ordinary cylinder and the pauls which act upon
ratchet wheels for producing the rotary motion of the piston and tool and the
advance motion of the engine. The small cylinder is placed above the
ordinary cylinder, or in other convenient position, and is supplied with com-
pressed air or other motive agent from the main pipe. The small cylinder
has two pistons, between which the air is always contained, and the inlet port
is never covered. In the back stroke of these two pistons the air issues
through an outlet port or ports in communication by pipes with the valve
cylinder above referred to, which works the slide valve of the ordinary cylinder,
and with the two other cylinders above referred to, the piston of one of which
works the paul, which by means of a ratchet wheel imparts rotary motion to
the ordinary piston and tool, while the piston of the other of these two
cylinder works the paul, by means of which the advance movement is given
to the engine as the work proceeds. 1 fit a spring on the piston or piston
rod of the paul of the advance movement to prevent this piston and paul
falling, except when the tool has cut to the required depth. In the forward
stroke of the pistons of the small cylinder the air issues through an outlet
port or ports in communication with the valve cylinder and with the cylinder
connected with the paul of the rotary movement; and when the tool has cut
to a sufficient depth the pistons of the small cylinder are enabled to make a
forward stroke of sufficient length to open another outlet port in communi-
cation with the cylinder connected with the paul of the advance movement,
whereby the spring of this paul is overcome, and its ratchet wheel caused to
rotate the distance of one tooth, and thus advance the engine. Sometimes I
employ two small cylinders, one of them being arranged to work the valve
cylinder, and the other to work the paul cylinders. The small cylinder or
cylinders is or are connected by a cross head in front or at the back to the
piston rod of the ordinary cylinder, from which the movements of the pistons
are obtained.
My Invention further consists in constructing the stands for boring engines
in the form of a tripod. Two of the legs of the tripod are telescopic for
adjusting, while the third leg is composed of the two side supporting shafts of
the boring engine, along which it moves as the work proceeds: a weight

page_text: suspended from the top of the stand steadies it.
Sometimes I make the
stand with more legs than three. the legs being connected to each other, as in
a tripod; this stand is particularly adapted for quarrying and shaft sinking.
For working in a heading where the engine would be used for cutting I
mount it upon a horizontal hollow beam. with rings cast on its outside or
other arrangement for the purpose of moving the engine laterally as the work
proceeds. Horizontal screws pass through flanges on the ends of the beam
which are screwed outwards to bring their ends against the sides of the
heading for fixing the stand. The inner end of the beam is carried on a
turntable mounted on wheels, and its outer end is also supported on a carriage.
When required to remove the engine and stand the fixing screws are released
and the bar turned round upon the turntable as a pivot, so that the whole may
be drawn back. Sometimes I use two hollow horizontal bars instead of one,
or instead of hollow bars I use bars of angle iron, and instead of screws for
fixing I sometimes employ wedges.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Bernard Doering in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J. FREDERICK
BERNARD DOERING, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Frederick Bernard Doering, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Bernard Doering, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Frederick Bernard Deering, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR BORING AND WORKING ROCK AND OTHER
MATERIAL. AND IN STANDS FOR SUCH ENGINES. THE IMPROVEMENT IN ENGINES BEING
PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Frederick Bernard Deering, my executors or administrators,

page_text: by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Bernard Deering, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
My Invention primarily consists in the construction and employment of
one or more cylinders for distributing steam, air, or other fluid to one or
more other cylinders, the pistons of the first-named cylinders being worked
from a cross head connected to the piston rod of the engine. This arrange-
ment is applicable to any purpose where a distribution of steam or other
fluid is required to work different parts of the mechanism at different parts
of the stroke of the engine, it being possible to work the valve of the engine
by this distribution, but it is particularly intended for boring engines which I
construct as about to be described.
I employ in combination with the
ordinary cylinder in which the piston which actuates the boring tool works
a small cylinder formed with ports as hereafter described. I also employ in
combination with this small cylinder a valve cylinder and two other cylinders,
the piston rods of which are connected to pauls as hereafter mentioned; these
three cylinders are in communication with the small distributing cylinder
which thus works the valve of the ordinary cylinder, and the pawls which act
upon ratchet wheels for producing the rotary motion of the piston and tool
and the advance motion of the engine. The small cylinder is placed at the
side of the ordinary cylinder, or in other convenient position, and is supplied
with compressed air or other motive agent from the main pipe. The small
distributing cylinder has two pistons between which the air is always contained.
In the back stroke of these two pistons the air issues through an outlet port
or ports in communication by pipes with the valve cylinder above referred to,
which works the slide valve of the ordinary cylinder, and with the two other
cylinders above referred to, the piston of one of which works the paul, which
by means of a ratchet wheel imparts rotary motion to the ordinary piston and
tool while the piston of the other of these two cylinders works the paul, by
means of which the advance movement is given to the engine as the work
proceeds. When the cylinder of the advance movement is vertical or inclined
I sometimes fit a spring on the piston or piston rod to prevent this piston

page_text: and the paul falling, except when the tool has cut to the required depth, but
the spring of the paul will generally be found sufficient for the purpose. In
the forward stroke of the pistons of the small cylinder the air issues through
an outlet port or ports in communication with the valve cylinder and with
the cylinder connected with the paul of the rotary movement, and when the
fool has cut to a sufficient depth the pistons of the small distributing cylinder
are enabled to make a forward stroke of sufficient length to open another
outlet port in communication with the cylinder connected with the paul of
the advance movement, whereby the spring of this paul (when a spring is
used) is overcome and the paul brought back and made to catch into another
tooth of its ratchet wheel, which is then caused to rotate the distance of one
tooth, when the main piston makes its back stroke and thus advance the engine.
The piston rod of the small cylinder or cylinders is or are connected by a cross
head in front or at the back of the piston rod of the ordinary cylinder from
which the movements of the distributing pistons are obtained.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation. Figure 2 is a rear
elevation, and Figure 3, a plan of a boring engine constructed as herein-before
described; Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through the line 1. 2, of Figure 3.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 are views in detail.
A is the ordinary cylinder carried between two longitudinal bars B, C. one of
which, that B, is threaded; a nut. E on the shaft B works in lugs E', and is in
connection with a ratchet wheel D, so that when the ratchet wheel is turned the
engine is moved forward; F is the piston, and G the piston rod, the front end of
which carries the borer or tool. The piston rod and piston have a square longi-
tudinal aperture in which a square rod H fits, the rear end of this rod is carried
through the back of the cylinder and carries a ratchet wheel I, when this wheel is
caused to rotate the central rod H turns together with the piston, piston rod, and
tool, the piston is however free to move backwards and forwards independently of
the rod H; K, K, are the inlet ports of the cylinder; A and L is the port through
which the air is received; M is my small distributing cylinder shewn separately
in section in Figure 5; N is the valve cylinder; O, the cylinder in connection
with the ratchet wheel I; and P is the cylinder in connection with the
ratchet wheel D. These three cylinders are as before stated in communication
with the distributing cylinder M. This cylinder is placed at the side of the
ordinary cylinder A as shewn, or in other convenient position, and is supplied
with compressed air or other motive agent from Q which is in connection
with the main pipe; the cylinder M has two pistons R, R, on one rod S,
The front end of the
between which pistons the air is always contained.
rod is connected by a cross head or collar T to the main piston rod G, so

page_text: that the two rods move simultaneously and equally. In the back stroke of the
two pistons R, R. the air issues through an outlet port U in communication
by pipes V, V, V. with the valve cylinder N and with the other two cylinders O
and P. The air is thus admitted into the valve cylinder N, and the valve
moved back so as to admit air into the ordinary cylinder A to produce the
forward stroke of the piston F, and consequently of the pistons R, R. while at
the same time the air admitted into the cylinder O drives forward the piston W
of this cylinder (see the detached view Figure 6), and this piston causes the
paul X to move the ratchet wheel I the distance of one tooth, and thus
produce the partial rotary motion of the piston F and tool, the air at the
same time is admitted into the cylinder P, and if the piston Y of this cylinder
(see the detached view Figure 7) is at the back end of the cylinder it drives
the piston and causes the paul Z to move the ratchet wheel D the distance
of one tooth and thereby advance the engine. In the forward stroke of the
pistons F and R the air issues through an outlet port a in communication by
pipes b with the valve cylinder N, and with the cylinder 0 of the rotary
movement, whereby the valve is moved over to supply air at the front end
of the cylinder A; and the paul X is drawn back into another tooth of the
wheel I ready to act at the next forward stroke of the piston W. The outlet
port a is not in communication with the cylinder P of the advance movement,
and the piston of this cylinder therefore remains at the forward end, and the
wheel D is not acted on by its paul at the next back stroke of the pistons F
and R, but when the tool has cut to a certain determined depth the pistons R
are enabled to make a forward stroke sufficient to open an outlet port cas
well as the port a, and the air then passes through the port c and a pipe d into
the forward end of the cylinder P, whereby the piston of this cylinder makes
its back stroke, drawing the pawl Z into the next tooth of the wheel D ready
to move the wheel forward at the next back stroke of the pistons R, when the
air from the port U enters the back end of the cylinder P drives the piston Y
and actuates the paul Z so as to produce the advance movement; g is an
outlet in the cylinder M to form an exhaust from the pipes V, V, V; and/
is another outlet to form an exhaust from the pipes b and d. Mitre gearing
fitted with a handle may be employed, by turning which handle the engine
can be moved back upon the bars B, C, to begin a fresh hole, or the engine
may be moved back by rotating the bar B or otherwise. Sometimes I
employ two distributing cylinders, one of them being arranged to work the
valve cylinder N, and the other to work the paul cylinders O and P. When
I empty steam instead of compressed air as the motive agent I enclose
the valve of the cylinder A in a box or casing and work the ports in the

page_text: ordinary manner. The application to other engines of a distributing cylinder
or cylinders arranged and acting as before described will be fully understood
without further explanation or drawings.
My Invention further consists in constructing the stands for boring engines
in the form of a tripod. Two of the legs of the tripod are telescopic for
adjusting, while the third leg is composed of the two side supporting shafts
of the boring engine along which it moves as the work proceeds, a weight
suspended from the top of the stand steadies it. The construction of these
tripod stands will be fully understood on reference to Figure 8.
A, A, are the two telescopic legs, and B is the third leg composed of two
shafts for supporting the boring engine. Sometimes make the stand with
more legs than three, the legs being connected to each other as in a tripod.
This stand is particularly adapted for quarrying and shaft sinking. For
working in a heading where the engine would be used for cutting mount
it upon a horizontal hollow beam with rings cast on its outside, or other
arrangement, for the purpose of moving the engine laterally as the work
proceeds. Horizontal screws pass through flanges on or into female threads
in the ends of the beam, and are screwed outwards to bring their ends against
the sides of the heading for fixing the stand. The inner end of the beam is
carried on a turntable mounted on wheels, and its outer end may also be
supported on a carriage. When required to remove the engine and stand
the fixing screws are released and the beam turned round upon the turn-
table as a pivot so that the whole may be drawn back. Sometimes I usc
two hollow horizontal beams instead of one; or instead of hollow beams
I use bars of angle iron, and instead of screws for fixing sometimes employ
wedges.
Figure 9 is a side elevation, and Figure 10 a plan of a stand constructed
as just described for working in a heading.
A is a horizontal hollow beam with rings on its outside to allow of the engine
being moved laterally as the work proceeds, the engine is not shewn in the
Figures; B is a second hollow beam not formed with rings; C, C, are horizontal
screws passed into female threads in the ends of the beams A. B; these screws
are screwed outwards to bring their ends against the sides of the heading, as
shewn for fixing the stand. The two beams A, B, are kept parallel to each
other by collars or clips D, D; E is a turntable mounted on wheels F and
carrying one end of the beams as before explained; the other end of the
beams may also be mounted on a carriage. To move the engine and stand
it is only necessary to release the screws C and turn the beanis A, B, round

page_text: upon the turntable as a pivot.
Sometimes I add the additional joint shown at G
to allow the beams to be moved into an inclined position.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,--
First, constructing engines in which a distribution of steam, air, or other
fluid is required to work different parts of the mechanism at different parts
of the stroke of the engine with one or more cylinders for distributing the
steam or other fluid to one or more other cylinders, the piston of the first-named
cylinder or cylinders being worked by a cross head or similar appliance from
the piston rod of the engine, all substantially as herein-before described.
Second, constructing engines for boring and working rock and other material
with one or more distributing cylinders to distribute compressed air or other
fluid for working the valve of the ordinary cylinder, and for working the
pistons of two other cylinders (or either of them) for producing respectively
the rotary motion of the ordinary piston and tool, and the advance motion of
the engine, all substantially as herein-before described and represented in
Figures 1 to 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
Third, constructing stands for boring engines wth three or more logs
connected to each other like the legs of a tripod, one of such legs being com-
posed of the two side supporting shafts of the engine, and the other legs or
some of them being telescopic, substantially as herein-before described and
represented in Figure 8 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth, constructing stands for engines for working in a heading substantially
as herein-before described and represented in Figures 9 and 10 of the accompany-
ing Drawings.
- In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Bernard Doering, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-seven.
D DORDING
D. DŒERING. (L.S.)
FB.