IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING WATER FROM IMPURITIES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING WATER FROM IMPURITIES." A communication
from abroad by Melchior Nolden, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire
of Germany, Engineer.
Sealed the 7th July 1876, and dated the 24th January 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1876.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING WATER FROM IM-
PURITIES." A communication to me from abroad by Melchior Nolden, of Frankfort-
on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer.
This Invention relates to improvements on the apparatus for cleansing water from
impurities in respect of which Letters Patent were granted to the said Melchoir
Nolden the 29 April 1873, No. 1552.
The improvements consist :-
First. In the addition and application of a tank or vessel constructed by pre-
ference of cast or wrought iron, & of a rectangular or circular form, which is
placed above the upper tank or vessel described in the Specification of the said
former Letters Patent in the centre or at the side of such tank, or in any other con-
venient position. This additional tank is provided with a cover, a discharge hole
with suitable closure, a pipe for supplying the tank with the water to be purified, a
central pipe for admitting into the tank waste steam or steam from any source, and
a communication or overflow pipe (which latter may be composed of caoutchouc)
communicating with the main tank, and serving to prevent the transmission of the
agitation caused by the entering steam.
The additional tank is employed for the following purposes-
To heat the water which is to be purified in order to obtain the most complete
separation or precipitation of the sulphate of lime or other impurities.
To purify the waste steam from any traces of grease or fatty matter.
To effect the largest amount of condensation of the waste steam for obtaining
pure water.
These advantages will be obtained by admitting waste steam through the central
pipe into the water, thus bringing them directly and intimately in contact.
Dai 71

page_text: This mode of heating the water is practicable only in a separate tank, as the
agitation produced by the passage of the steam would render impossible the deposit
of the fine particles of chloride of barium which are separated.
Second. In dispensing with the tank placed in the upper tank, as described in the
said former Specification, and in the application of a partition carrying the bearing
for the axle or shaft of the bucket wheel and the overflow pipe in connection there-
with. By means of this partition the main upper tank or vessel is separated into
two compartments, one of which receives the heated water descending through the
additional overflow pipe from the additional tank; and in the other is placed the
bucket wheel. The main upper tank thus contains a large quantity of hot water,
which is exposed continually to the influence of steam without being subjected to
agitation, and a complete precipitation of the carbonate of lime separated under the
influence of the steam is effected. "
3rd. In the application of more simple arrangements for taking up the chemical
ingredients or solutions, a rotating curved pipe, by preference having two arms or
spouts, is employed, which pipe takes up the chemical solution out of a small vessel
below. The pipe is applied direct to the axle or shaft of the bucket wheel, and is
provided with a hollow boss, into which the solution is conducted direct, & whence
it falls into a funnel leading into the first compartiment of the lower tank. The
gearing from the shaft of the water wheel and the pulleys, the stuffing box, and the
other incchanisin in connection therewith, described in the said former Specification,
are dispensed with, any suitable number of vessels containing a chemical solution
with a corresponding number of rotating pipes may be employed, the bosses of such
pipes all communicating, so that one funnel will be sufficient to receive the whole of
the chemical ingredients or solutions used:
4th. In the employment of holes in the bottom of the lower tank and of
outlet pipes, which are provided each with a stop-cock or plug. These pipes are
intended for the discharge from the lower tank of the different deposits, such, for.
example, as gypsum, sulphate of lime, chlorido of barium, and the like.
The apparatus operates in the following manner The water which is to bo
purified enters the additional tank through the supply pipe at or near the bottom
thereof, where it becomes intimately mixed with the waste steam entering through
the central pipe The water is thus heated to a very high degree, and consequently,
deposits the carbonate of lime contained in it.
•
The condensed waste steam separates or deposits all greasy substances, the par-
ticles of which by the addition of chemical liquid in the lower tank form a soap,
which falls to the bottom mixed with the heavy sulphate of barium.
The heated water with the uncondensed steam passes through the additional
overflow pipe into the larger compartment of the upper tank, whence the water is
conducted through the other chaunel or overflow pipe, and falls into the buckets
of the water wheel, acting so as to turn the wheel. From the bottom of this com-
pårtment the water, after having worked the wheel flows by another pipe into the
lower tank near one end thereof, and it then passes along this tank in a zig-zag
direction alternately downwards & upwards on its way to the opposite end, where
it is discharged at the upper part.
The steam arriving in the upper tank passes through a pipe, which reaches above
the level of the water to the end compartment of the tank and escapes through
another pipe into the atmosphere.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th July 5
1876.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, "IMPROVEMENTS. IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING WATER FROM IM-
i'

page_text: PURITIES." A communication to me from abroad by Melchior Nolden, of Franfort:
on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer.
The said Invention relates to improvements in the apparatus for cleansing water
from impurities in respect of which Letters Patent were granted to the said
Melchior Nolden the Twenty-ninth April, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three, No. 1552.
The several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings illustrate the apparatus
with the improvements applied, Figure 1 being a side elevation; Figure 2, a
longitudinal section; Figure 3, a plan; and Figure 4 a transverse section of the
same.
The improvements consist,-
First. In the addition and application of a tank or vessel A constructed by pre-
ference of cast or wrought iron, and of a rectangular or circular form, which is
placed above the upper tank or vessel a described in tlie Specification of the said
former Letters Patent at the centre or at the side of such tank, or in any other con-
venient position. This additional tank is provided with a cover a, a discharge hole
with suitable closure at a², a pipe e for supplying the tank with the water to be
purified, a pipe g for admitting into this tank A waste steam or steam from any
source, and a communication or overflow pipe v, which latter may be composed of
caoutchouc, communicating with the main tank a, and serving to prevent the trans-
mission of the agitation caused by the entering steam.
The tank A is employed for the following purposes, videlicit
To heat the water which is to be purified in order to obtain the most complete
separation or precipitation of the sulphate of lime or other impurities.
To purify the waste steam from any traces of grease or fatty inatter; and
To effect the largest amount of condensation of the waste steam for obtaining
pure water.
These advantages will be obtained by admitting waste steam through the pipe g
into the water, thus bringing them directly and intimately in contact.
This mode of lieating the water is practicable only in a separate tank, as the
agitation produced by the passage of the steam would render impossible the deposit
of the fine particles of chloride of barium which are separated.
2nd. In dispensing with the tank placed in the upper tank a, as described in the
said former Specification, and in the application of a partition c, Figures 2 and 4,
carrying the bearing for the axle or shaft of the bucket wheel and the overflow
pipe e in connection therewith. By means of this partition the tank or vessel a is
separated into two compartments, one of which receives the heated water
descending through the pipe v from the tank A, and in the other is placed the
bucket wheel d. The upper tank a thus contains a large quantity of hot water,
which is exposed continually to the influence of steam without being subjected to
agitation and a complete precipitation of the carbonate of lime separated under the
influence of the steam is effected.
3rd. In the application of more simple arrangements for taking up the chemical
ingredients or solutions. A rotating curved pipe y, by preference having two arms
or spouts (see the detail, Figure 5) is employed, which pipe takes up the chemical
solution out of a small vessel m below (Figures 1, 2, and 3). The pipe is applied
direct to the axle or shaft of the bucket wheel, and is provided with a hollow
boss, into which the solution is conducted direct, and whence it falls into a
funnel (Figures 1 and 2) leading into the first compartment of the lower tank b.
The gearing from the shaft of the water wheel and the pullies, the stuffing box, and
the other mechanism in connection therewith, described in the said former Specifi-
cation, are dispensed with. Any suitable number of vessels m containing a
chemical solution with a corresponding number of rotating pipes y, may be
employed, the bosses of such pipes all communicating so that one funnel will be
sufficient to receive the whole of the chemical ingredients or solutions used.
4th. In the employment of holes in the bottom of the lower tank band of outlet
pipes 7, 9, which are provided each with a stop-cock or plug. These pipes are

page_text: intended for the discharge from the lower tank b of the different deposits, such, for
example, as gypsum, sulphate of lime, chloride of barium, and the like.
The apparatus operates in the following manner:-The water which is to be
purified enters the tank A through the pipe c at or near the bottom thereof, whero
it becomes intimately mixed with the waste steam entering through the pipe g.
The water is thus leated to a very high degree, and consequently deposits the
carbonate of lime contained in it.
The condensed waste steam separates or deposits all greasy substances, the par-
ticles of which by the addition of chemical liquid in the lower tank b form a soap,
which falls to the bottom mixed with the heavy sulphate of barium.
The heated water with the uncondensed steam passes through the pipe v into the
larger compartment of the upper tank a, whence the water is conducted through
the channel or overflow pipe c¹, and falls into the buckets of the water wheel d,
acting so as to turn the wheel. From the bottom of this compartment the water,
having worked the wheel, flows by a pipe into the lower tank near one end thereof,
and it then passes along this tank in a zig-zag direction alternately downwards and
upwards beneath and above partitions won its way to the opposite end, where it is
discharged at the upper part by a pipe f.
The steam arriving in the tank a passes through a pipe i, which reaches above
the level of the water to the end compartment of the tank and escapes through a
pipe into the atmosphere.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect,
I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claini as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is, the improvements in the before-mentioned apparatus, consisting
of,-
First. The tank or vessel A for the heating and the purifying of the water and
the condensation of the waste steam, substantially as herein-before described.
Second. The division of the tank a into two compartments by the application of
the partition c, which separates the water from the water wheel, substantially as
herein-before described.
'
Third. The application of the improved system of taking up the chemical pre-
cipitant liquids, substantially as hercin-before described.
Fourth. The application of the holes in the bottom of the tank b and the outlet
pipes provided with stop-cocks or plugs for emptying or cleansing the said tank,
substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my Specifi-
cation set my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of Juno, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
T HENDY JOHNSON