Improvements in Looms for Weaving Astracan and other like Curled Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 27th May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 31st Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Astracan and other like
Curled Pile Fabrics.
We, ARTHUR EDWARD WALKER, of the firm of Joseph Walker and Sons, of
Lindley, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Manufacturers, and THOMAS GREENWOOD, of
Reinwood Road, Huddersfield aforesaid, Loom Tuner, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention refers to that class of loom wherein pile wires are used, and self-
actingly introduced into the shed and withdrawn, and it is our intention to adapt
such loom so as to weave astracan and other like fabrics. To attain our object
we reconstruct certain parts of the loom so as to cause it to make four picks of
weft before the insertion of a pile wire. To do this the action of the mechanism
which introduces the pile wire must be delayed, and we do this by placing a larger
wheel than usual on the tappet shaft, and we increase the length of chain used in
connection with the wire mechanism, and also increase the diameter of the wheel
employed to drive the said chain, so as to delay the withdrawal of the wire in
proportion or relatively with the introduction. The picking shoes or tappets are
adapted to make four picks in succession before the introduction of a pile wire, and
the heald or box tappets are arranged to give ten lifts during one revolution
instead of six as hitherto for the purpose of opening and closing the shed to suit
the altered conditions of the pick and chain motions.
By constructing and arranging self-acting looms having pile wires, as herein
described, astracan and other like pile fabrics can now be woven, which hitherto
has been impossible in this class of loom.
DL
لسيد
1000
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield and Halifax, Agents for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Astracan and other like
Curled Pile Fabrics.
We, ARTHUR EDWARD WALKER, of the firm of Joseph Walker and Sons, of
Lindley, near Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Manufacturers, and THOMAS GREENWOOD,
of Reinwood Road, Huddersfield aforesaid, Loom Tuner, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention refers to that class of loom wherein pile wires are used, introduced
into the shed and withdrawn therefrom self-actingly, and it is our intention to
adapt such loom so as to weave astracan and other like fabrics. To attain our
object we reconstruct certain parts of the loom so as to cause it to make four
picks of weft before the insertion of a pile wire. To effect this the action of the
mechanism which introduces the pile wire must be delayed, the picking of the
shuttle, treading of the healds, and other parts of the loom rearranged.
In order that our invention may be better understood, we will now proceed to
describe the same more fully, and for that purpose make reference to the accom-
panying sheets of drawings illustrative thereof, wherein Fig. 1 is end elevation of a
double beat up pile wire loom, shewing the arrangement of tappets for operating
the shed, and Fig. 2 is front elevation of the opposite end of a pile wire loom,
shewing the arrangement of wheels for operating the mechanism which introduces
and withdraws the pile wires, not shewn in the drawings, but well understood in
D
07

page_text: this class of loom. A represents the framework of the loom, B the tappet shaft,
having fixed thereon two tappets C (see detail Fig. 3) for operating, through the
intervention of the levers D, rods E and jack levers F, the two back healds for
manipulating the cotton or backing warp of the piece being woven; and G are two
other tappets (see detail Fig. 4.) employed to operate, through the intervention of
the levers H, rods I and jack levers J, the two front healds which regulate the
warp for forming the pile. These tappets are arranged for every revolution thereof
to give ten treads to the healds, instead of six as hitherto. To manufacture
astracan fabric in this class of loom it is necessary to make four picks of weft,
before the insertion of a pile wire, instead of for every two picks as formerly. To
do this the mechanism which introduces a pile wire must be delayed; and for this
purpose the spur-wheel K which is fixed on a tube or boss I placed loosely on the
tappet shaft B is of larger diameter than usual, so as to cause the pile wire
mechanism to dwell longer, such spur wheel K, deriving its rotary motion from
pinion M which in turn is driven from pulley M' as are also bevel wheels N and
the chain driving wheel O, which is also increased in diameter, and the length of
the chain P which operates the pile wire being likewise increased in the same
proportion.
The picking shoes Q, one of which is shewn in detail at Fig. 5, are now made
with three tappets a, b, c, and they make four picks in succession, two from each
side of the loom, before the introduction of the pile wire, which is afterwards
beaten up and embedded in the warp and weft as formerly, by the oscillating
arm R. As the picking shoes Q have a continuously revolving motion imparted to
them, and would necessarily actuate the picking shaft S three times for one
revolution unless the shoes carrying the tappets were removed out of contact with
the picking arm T attached to the said picking shaft S, we provide self-acting
mechanism, for sliding the picking arm T out of reach of the picking tappets, when
they are not required to pick; for this purpose we employ bell crank form of
levers U and U hinged at d d', connected at their upper ends by rods V and V.
to the jack levers F as shewn in Fig. 1, and again in Fig. 6. Therefore when the
pick is not required at that end of the loom, the jack levers raise bell crank lever U¹,
causing it to oscillate on its fulcrum d', in doing which the said lever U¹ draws the
picking shaft S endwise and removes the picking arm T as hereinafter explained
(see Fig. 1 and Fig. 5) beyond the reach of the tappets a, b, c, so that as they
revolve they miss the picking arm, but after the shuttle arrives at this end of the
loom, the next downward motion of the jack levers slides the picking shaft back,
putting the picking arm into position to be struck by one of the tappets, when the
desired pick is effected and the weft thrown across the loom. The way of causing
the sliding end wise motion of the picking shaft is as follows:-When one of the
jack levers lifts up connecting rod Vit oscillates lever U' and rocks the shaft d'
on which it is fixed and on doing this a finger W also fixed upon shaft d is
oscillated with it, and as the upper end of the finger W lies between two
projections or hoins e and f on a boss fixed in the picking shaft S (see Figs. 5
and 6) such said shaft is slided endwise thereby, but when released it is drawn
back or caused to return by the spiral spring X. The scroll Y around which
the ordinary cord passes and is connected to one end of the chain P, and
which is employed to operate the pile wire must necessarily be delayed in its
operation to meet the altered conditions of the spur wheel K; for this purpose
the cam g on plate Z (see Figs. 2 and 7) is made shorter than formerly so as
to give a longer dwell to the scroll, which is controlled by the cam g by means
of levers Z', rod %, and levers Z³. The motion of the ordinary oscillating
lever arm R which is employed to push each pile wire up to the last shoot of
weft, must also be delayed in its operation, and hitherto this lever arm
set in motion by the tappet shaft, but as the said shaft, under the altered
conditions of the loom, revolves too quickly, we employ entirely new mechanism
for this purpose comprising a tappet A¹ fixed on the tappet shaft B (see
Figs. 2 and 8.) which tappet operates a lever B' fixed on shaft C', this said
was

page_text: lever (shewn again in Fig. 9) works against a pulley h, carried by the arm D'
which in turn is connected to the lever arm R by connecting rod E', so that
as the said tappet A' revolves it is timed to operate lever R and push the pile
wire against the last shoot of weft after every fourth pick of the loom. The
spiral spring F¹ keeps the lever D' against the lever B¹.
The box tappets C and G are driven from the crank shaft by the train of
spur wheel G but the speed of the said box tappets has necessarily been
lessened so as to obtain from the peculiar shaped tappets for each revolution
thereof ten lifts of the healds instead of six as formerly.
By constructing and arranging double beat looms having self-acting pile
wires as herein described they can be adapted to weave astracan and other
like pile fabrics which hitherto could not be woven in this class of loom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
Firstly. In double beat looms having pile wires, the use of a three shoe
tappet and the mechanism shewn for putting the same into and out of gear with
the picking arm, all arranged as described.
Secondly. In double beat looms having pile wires, the arrangement of
mechanism as described and shewn in Figs. 2, 8, and 9, for operating the lever
arm R employed to push the pile wires against the last shoot of weft, when
used in combination with the other means herein described for adapting looms
to weave astracan and other like fabrics.
Thirdly. In double beat looms having pile wires, the arrangement of
mechanism as herein shewn and described for making four picks before the
introduction of a pile wire all arranged as described.
Fourthly. The construction and arrangement of double beat looms having pile
wires, for adapting them to make astracan and other like fabrics, substantially
as described and shewn in the drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1890.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax and Huddersfield, Agents for Applicants.