IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND WAYS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Sutcliffe Gabriel, of Grelliers Wharf,
Belvedere Road, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND WAYS,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Sutcliffe
Gabriel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd May 1874.
I, JOSEPH SUTCLIFFE GABRIEL, of Grelliers Wharf, Belvedere Road,,
in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said.
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND WAYS," to be as,
follows:-
:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in paving roads and
ways. For this purpose a foundation of concrete or other foundation is
first prepared, and over this is placed a paving of boards set edgewise one
against the other, and secured together as the paving is being laid by
spikes driven in through the sides of each board into the boards next to
it, thus doing away with all grouting for holding the paving together.

page_text: The boards are laid transversely across the road or way, and may be in
short lengths to adapt themselves to the curve or camber.
The boards may be tarred at their upper edges or the whole of the
boards may be tarred or creosoted if desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Sutcliffe Gabriel in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
SUTCLIFFE GABRIEL, of Grelliers Wharf, Belvedere Road, in the County
of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters. Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Sutcliffe Gabriel, Her
special license that I, the said Joseph Sutcliffe Gabriel, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Sutcliffe
Gabriel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND WAYS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Sutcliffe Gabriel, my executors.
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
:

page_text: Figure 1 is a section, and Figure 2 a portion of a plan of pavement
laid in accordance with my Invention and in the way which I prefer.
a, a, is a bed of concrete or other good foundation; b is a curb of stone
or other material at the side of the road or way; c is a plank, say 6
inches wide, laid longitudinally against the curb; d, d, are short pieces
of board laid transversely across the road or way, and each as it is laid is
fixed by iron spikes e, e, to the portion of the pavement already laid.
The spikes should be of a length nearly equal to three times the thickness
of the boards employed.
It is preferred to cut the boards diagonally and to lay them with the
end grain to the surface. The pieces of board are placed so as to cross
Leach other in alternate lavers and so to brank joint

page_text: I also claim the construction of pavement for roads and ways,
substantially as shewn in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Sutcliffe Gabriel, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of November,
•
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four..
JOSEPH S. GABRIEL. (L.S.)