Improvements in the Manufacture of Wax Matches, Vestas, and 'Tapers," and other similar goods.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 28th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 28th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Wax Matches, Vestas, and
'Tapers," and other similar goods.
"
1, WILLIAM HURST, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of wax matches, vestas and "tapers
and other similar goods.
1
"
"
17
or
"
66
"2
""
My invention relates firstly to the preparation of the cotton, or cotton slivers,
yarns or threads to be used in the manufacture of wax matches, vestas or 'tapers'
or other similar goods. According to this part of my invention I take a number
of slivers, yarns or threads or "ends" of cotton and in any suitable manner form
them into a "chain or chained warp.' The said "chain
"chained warp"
consists of a number of "beers" or strands cach of which "beers' or strands is
composed of a given number of slivers, yarns or threads or "ends" and in order to
keep these said "beers or strands perfectly straight and free from entanglement
with each other while going through the process of bleaching or dyeing I cause a
sliver, yarn or thread or "end" or slivers, yarns or threads or "ends" to be wound
around each of the said "becrs' or strands in a spiral form before or during the
time the "beers" or strands are being formed into the "chain
chained warp."
In some cases instead of employing a sliver, yarn or thread or "end" or slivers,
yarns or threads or "ends" wound spirally around the "beers or strands as above
described I may impart a slight twist or what is known as a "false twist" to the
or strands in any suitable manner and by any suitable means.
being formed into the "chain" or "chained warp" the slivers, yarns threads or
"ends" are subjected to a bleaching or dyeing or a bleaching and dyeing process
or processes. After being subjected to the bleaching or dyeing or bleaching and
dyeing process or processes the "beers" or strands are unchained or unlinked and
a number of them are wound into the form of a cheese, or on a spool or large
bobbin or beam with flanges by means of any suitable winding machine.
beers
"
30
or
23
After
Slivers, yarns or threads wound as above described may be packed, carried or
transported with little or no danger of becoming entangled or injured and are thus
in suitable condition for being unwound and passed through the machines or apparatus
by which such slivers, yarns or threads are coated with wax, stearine or other
material with which they are to be coated.
A further part of my invention consists in a method of ornamenting wax matches.
vestas and "tapers" and other similar goods.
According to this part of my invention after the slivers, yarns or threads of
which the wax matches, vestas or 66 tapers or other similar goods are formed
have been subjected to a bleaching or dyeing or bleaching and dyeing process or
processes I associate a number of such slivers, yarns or threads into a strand around
which I wind in the form of a spiral, a coloured sliver, yarn or thread or slivers,
yarns or threads so that when the strand above mentioned is formed into a wax
match, vesta or 60 taper or other similar article such coloured sliver, yarn or
thread or coloured slivers, yarns or threads will by showing through the wax,
stearine, or other material by which the strands are coated impart a pleasing and
ornamental appearance to the wax matches, restas or tapers" or other similar
articles formed according to my invention.
::
In some cases instead of winding a coloured sliver, yarn or thread or coloured
slivers, yarns or threads spirally around the strand as above described I braid or
plait the coloured sliver, yarn or thread or slivers, yarns or threads around the
strand in any suitable manner and by means of any suitable machine or apparatus

page_text: and in some cases I simply place the coloured sliver, yarn or thread or slivers, yarns
or threads on and along the outside of the strand.
A further part of my invention relates to the method and means of and for
conting the slivers yarns or threads with the wax, stearine or other material with
which they are to be coated and this part of my invention consists in a method of
and means for enabling the slivers. yarns or threads to be conted with wax,
stearine or other material more readily than hitherto. According to this part of
my invention I cause the slivers, yarns or thrends to be drawn through the wax,
stearine or other material by means of rollers or drums from which rollers or
drums the slivers, yarns or threads may fall upon the floor or into a box or other
suitable receptacle or upon a travelling surface or may be conducted to a suitable
guide or guides or other suitable apparatus by means of which they are laid
upon the floor or in a box or other suitable receptacle or upon a travelling surface.
From the floor, box or receptacle or travelling surface the slivers yarns or threads
mally be again pussed through the melted wax, stearine or other material with
which they are to be coated as often as may be necessary and after being passed
through the holes formed in the plates or dies by which the coating of was.
stearine or other material is consolidated and the slivers, yarns or threads with the
coating of wax, stearine or other materal are made of the required size.
in some
cases 1 employ a fun to cool the coating of wax, stearine, or other material taken
up by the slivers. yarus or threads in their passage through the melted wax,
-tearine, or other material.
A further part of my invention consists in arrangements for imparting a cylindrical
form and smooth surface to the coating of wax, stearine, or other material upon
the slivers yarns or threads forming was matches, vestas, tapers or other similar
goals.
According to this part of my invention after the slivers, yarns or threads have
been conted with wax, stearine, or other material 1 pass such slivers, yarns, or
threads between metal rollers in which I form grooves of suitable form.
According to a further part of this portion of my invention I pass each of the
slivers, yarns, or threads through a conical die and to enable the slivers yarns or
threads coated with wax, stearine or other material to be more readily reduced to a
cylindrical form I form a slit or slits or groove or grooves or provide a cutter or
eisters in or secured to the said die such slit or slits or groove or grooves being
preferably formed diagonally or as a spiral or spirals and if it be preferred
vide the die with a portion which is without a slit or groove or slits or grooves
or cutter or cutters
pro-
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of April 1890.
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in the Manufacture of Wax Matches, Vestas, and
'Tapers," and other similar goods.
66
1, WILLIAM HURST, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the 4
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to the preparation of the cotton, yarns or threads to be used
in the manufacture of wax matches, vestas or "tapers" or other similar goods.
According to my invention take a number of yarns or threads or *ends of 5
cotton and in any suitable manner form them into a "chain"
chained warp.”
The said chain or chained warp" consists of a number of "beers" or strands
each of which "beers" or strands is composed of a given number of yarns or
2
or

page_text: or
chained warp
the
threads or "ends." After being formed into the “chain or
yarns, threads or * ends "
are subjected to a bleaching or dyeing or a bleaching
and dyeing process or processes. After being subjected to the bleaching or dyeing
or bleaching and dyeing process or processes the "chain" "chained warp" is
unchained or unlinked and a number of the "beers or strands are wound into
the form of a "cheese" or "ball" or on a spool or large bobbin or beam with
flanges by means of any suitable winding machine. Yarns or threads wound as above
described may be packed, carried or transported with little or no danger of becoming
entangled or injured and are thus in suitable condition for being unwound and
passed through the machines or apparatus by which such yarns or threads are
coated with wax, stearine or other material with which they are to be coated.
he
ab
11
or
The methods in which the yarns or threads are formed into a "chain" or
"chained warp" may be similar to any of the methods now in use in the formation
of warps for use in looms and the bleaching or dyeing or bleaching and dyeing
process or processes to which the yarns or threads are submitted in the form of a
"chain" 6
or chained warp" may be any which is or are suitable for the purpose.
The method of unchaining or unlinking the "chain" or chained warp may be
similar to the methods now in use in the treatment of chained warps to fit them for
use in looms for weaving. In order that the method in which the beers
strands are wound into the form of a "cheese" or "ball" or on a spool or large
bobbin or beam with flanges by means of any suitable winding machine may be
readily understood, I will now proceed to further describe it with reference to the
accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 a front view, and
Fig. 3 a plan of a machine adapted for use in forining the beers" or strands into
a cheese ог ball." In the said drawing Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are respectively a
front view, side elevation and back view of an arrangement of guide, adapted to
guide the beers" or strands and distribute them while being formed into the
cheese" or
"ball and Fig. 7 is a plan illustrating more clearly than Figs. 1, 2
and 3 certain portions of the mechanism by means of which the guide illustrated
in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 is traversed to and fro in order that the "beers" or strands may
be properly distributed while being formed into the "cheese" or "ball." The same
letters of reference are applied to corresponding parts in all the figures.
In the accompanying drawing a is a drum to which rotary motion is imparted
by means of a pulley a mounted upon the axle a² of the said drun and is a
guide which is traversed to and fro lengthwise in proximity to the said drum a
The axle a of the drum « is
by means of apparatus to be hereinafter described.
supported in bearings formed in the side framings c, c¹ of the machine which side
framings c, are connected by cross bars d, d, . Upon the cross bars da
carriage or block e to which the guide is secured is adapted to be slidden to and
fro. Upon the axle a² of the drum a is secured a worm wheel which gears into
or engages with a worm wheel mounted fast upon a shaft capable of being
Fast upon
rotated in bearings formed in brackets secured to the sile frame .
the shaft g' is mounted a toothed wheel g the teeth of which gear into or engage
with the teeth of a toothed wheel mounted fast upon a shaft which is mounted
so as to be capable of being revolved in brackets secured to the side frame ¹.
Fast upon the shaft is mounted a heart or cam h. The heart or cam /* is in
contact at each side with bowls or rollers i mounted so as to be capable of being
revolved upon studs secured in a frame or bar j capable of being slidden to and
fro in the direction of its length at one end upon a suitable guide or block h³
mounted upon the shaft and at the other end in a suitable guide formed in a
bracket secured to the side frame c. Slots are formed in the frame or barj to allow
it to be moved to and fro in the direction of its length and the said frame or bar j
is prevented from moving sideways by embracing the heart or cam 2. Fast to
the frame or bar jis a pin or stud which passes into a slot A formed in a lever or
arm k mounted fast upon a shaft or axle capable of being oscillated in bearings
secured to the cross bars d³, d². In the lever or arm kis formed a slot into
which passes a stud el projecting from the block e. In the upper portions of the

page_text: No
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ba
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90
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side frames r are respectively formed slots, in which an axle or shaft m may
he moved upwards or downwards while being caused to revolve. Upon the axle
or shaft mà tube n may he placed to serve as a foundation on which the "beers"
or strands may be wound. The guide 6 is provided at the front with a projecting
part and at the back with a projecting part 1. In the projecting part are
formed holes and in the projecting part are formed holes 6. The holes in
the part are smaller in diameter and placed closer together than the holes in
the part. When the machine illustrated in the accompanying drawing is in use the
"beers
or strands after being unchained or unlinked are passed around or over
or under or through suitable guides or otherwise guided to the holes & in the part
of the guide. Through each of the holes in the part one of the said beers
or strands is passed as the lines a indiente. Each of the said "beers' or
strands is also passed through one of the holes in the part and the ends
of the beers or strands passed through the holes are secured to the tube a
placed upon the axle or shaft. Rotary motion is then transmitted to the
drum a by means of the pulley a' and such drum a will by revolving the tube »
and axle or shaft by friction with the tube or with the heers or strands
secured thereto cause the “heers or strands to be wound upon the said tube n
The revolution of the axle a² will cause the heart or cam to be revolved and
so cause the frame or bar to be traversed to and fro in the direction of its length
and cause the lever or arm & to be moved about the axis of the shaft or axle &
and impart a to and fro motion to the block and guide which will cause the
heers or strands to distributed upon the tube in the required manner in
onder that such “beers ' or strands may he wound into the form of a · cheese'
or "bell" B. In order that while the formation of a "cheese
*
ur ballis
being commenced the outermost "beers" or strands may not overhang beyond the
ends of the cheese" or ball B so as to be in danger of becoming entangled
one with another 1 provide a bar o provided with holes in which may be inserted
pegs against which the outermost - beers or strands may arrive when the
guide is near to the ends of its traverse. When the cheese
or ball Jas
been partially formed it is no longer necessary to employ the pegs p which may then
be removed from the holes in the bar . In place of the bar o and pegs may
he employed any of her arrangement of guide or guides by means of which the
outermost beers or strands may be confined so as to be prevented from over-
hanging beyond the ends of the cheese" Or ball" and the pegs a or other
arrangement of guide or guides may be kept in operation for a part only or for the
whole of the time the "cheese' ball is being formed and may be varied in
position as may be necessary in forming cheeses" or "balls" of different lengths.
An arrangement of guides which may with advantage be employed instead of the
pegs is illustrated in Fig. 8 of the accompanying drawing, in which figure
Pare stops or fingers respectively mounted upon pins p², p²and respectively pro-
vided with flattened portions which may be pressed against by springs /², p².” The
springs, serve to retain the stops or fingers p², in a raised position when
such stops or fingers are turned into a raised position and to retain the
stops or fingers in a lowered position when they are turned so as to be prevented
from coming into contact with the "beers" or strands.
When a "cheese" or
"
11
".
66
or "
"
"1
"
"
ball" B of the required diameter has been formed the drum a is stopped, and the
tube with the completed cheese or ball wound thereon is removed
from the axle or shaft m the ends of the beers" or strands wound upon the
"cheese" or "all" and severed from the portions projecting through the holes
being secured in any suitable manner and the portions projecting through the
holes are secured, so as not to be in danger of slipping hack through suel
holes after being cut off or severed from the completed cheese or ball."
After the cheese Q1° "ball" B has been completed and removed from the
machine such "cheese
orall"
may be packed and transported and placed in
position for having the "beers' or strands unwound from it and passed through
the wax or stearine or other material with which they are to be conted. Another
"
"

page_text: "
or strands
tube is then placed upon the axle or shaft m which is replaced in the slots
and another cheese" or "ball" is formed. The purpose of the two projecting
parts formed respectively with holes, is to enable the "beers
to be brought close together at the place where they are delivered by the guide b
and to prevent such "beers or strands from becoming entangled one with another
consequence of being brought too close together on arrival at the guide .
in
13
b
I would have it understood that instead of the guide provided with two pro-
jecting parts, formed respectively with holes, being employed the
beers" or strands may be passed through any other suitable arrangement of
guide, such for instance as a comb or series of combs or set of eyes or series of
sets of eyes or a *reed
or series of "reeds" secured to the block e or otherwise
traversed from side to side of the "cheese
GE
or ball to be formed as will be
readily understood by all persons conversant with warping machines.
"
"
I would also have it distinctly understood that any other suitable machine may
be employed instead of that illustrated in the accompanying drawing for the pur-
pose of winding the "beers or strands into the form of "cheeses or "balls" and
that instead of being formed into "cheeses balls" the "beers or strands
may as above described be wound by means of any suitable apparatus upon a
spool or large bobbin or upon a beam with flanges.
"
ינס
"
My invention by enabling much of the winding and unwinding of the yarns or
threads or "ends" of cotton which have hitherto been necessary to be dispensed
with, renders the manufacture of wax matches, vestas and "tapers" or other
similar goods much more expeditious and less costly than it has hitherto been.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
"
or
1. The hereinbefore described method of preparing the cotton yarns or threads
to be used in the manufacture of wax matches, vestas or ። tapers or other
similar goods which consists in forming a number of yarns or threads or ends of
cotton into a "chain" or "chained warp" consisting of a number of "beers
strands each composed of a given number of yarns or threads or "ends" and
dyeing or bleaching or dyeing and bleaching the yarns or threads or "ends" then
unlinking or unchaining them and winding a number of the "beers" or strands
together into the form of "cheeses" or "balls or on spools or large bobbins or
on beams with flanges substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
"
2. In the preparation of cotton yarns or threads to be used in the manufacture
of wax matches, vestas, :6 tapers and other similar goods the hereinbefore
described method of winding the yarns or threads or "ends" into a form in which
they can be packed, carried or transported with little or no danger of becoming
entangled or injured, which method consists in winding a number of beers
strands cach consisting of any given number of yarns or threads or "ends" into
the form of a "cheese or "ball" or on a spool or large bobbin or beam with
flanges substantially as hereinbefore described.
97
or
'
3. In a machine for winding "beers" or strands composed of yarns or threads or
"ends "of cotton to be used in the manufacture of wax matches, vestas, tapers
and other similar goods into the form of a "cheese or "ball" or on to a spool or
large bobbin or beam with flanges the hereinbefore described arrangement of
guide provided with the two projecting parts, 12 formed respectively with
holes or any mere modification thereof arranged, employed and operating
substantially as hereinbefore described in rference to and indicated in and by
the accompanying drawing, and for the purpose of guiding the beers" or
strands upon the cheese' or ball" or spool or bobbin or beam, and preventing
them from becoming entangled one with another.
or
1
เร่
4. In a machine for winding "beers or strands composed of yarns or threads
"ends
of cotton to be used in the manufacture of wax matches, vestas

page_text: "iapers" and other similar goods into the form of
"cheese" or "ball" or on
to a spool or large bobbin a guide or guides employed and arranged substantially
as hereinbefore described, and for the purpose of preventing the outermost "beers
or strands from overhanging at the "ends" of the "cheese" or "ball" or spool or
large bobbin so as to be in danger of becoming entangled.
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of Fahruary 1891
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.