IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILS FOR RAILWAYS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents;
66, Chancery Lane, in. the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
RAILS FOR RAILWAYS."-A communication from abroad by Samuel L.
Potter, of Wyandotte, in the State of Michigan, United States of
America.
Sealed the 29th January 1867, and dated the 23rd October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton,
at, the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd October 1866.
I, "ALFRED. VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
RAILS FOR RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the forming of piles of bars of iron and steel.
from which railroad rails may be drawn or rolled. The bars are arranged
or disposed in such a manner that the rail will be rolled with a steel head
and the iron and steel will be perfectly welded together by the rolling
operation.

page_text: According to one arrangement two bars of iron, say seven inches broad
and one and a quarter inches in thickness, form the sides of the pile, the
interior of which is composed of four bars of iron three and a half inches in
breadth and one and a quarter inches in thickness, and overlying these a bar
of steel five inches in width and three and a half inches in thickness; this
steel may be manufactured by the Bessemer or pneumatic process. The pile
thus formed when rolled will produce a rail with a steel head and an iron.
neck and base.
Another arrangement for the pile is to take three flat iron bars of equal
dimensions (seven by one and a quarter inches) and place them one on the
top of the other, and to place four narrower bars two and a half by one inch
on the top bar, the outer edges of all the bars being flush. A space will thus
be formed between the narrower bars to receive the lower part of a T-shaped
steel bar, the head of which extends the whole width of the pile. This pile
when rolled wilt produce a rail with the whole of the head steel and the neck
and base iron. By this mode of piling it will be understood that the steel
when brought to a welding heat will be fully protected by the iron (the steel
welding at a much lower heat than the iron), and that the two metals will
during the process of rolling be perfectly welded together...
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred!
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time.
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven,

page_text: tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BALLS FOR RAILWAYS," being
a communication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under Dy, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
5 should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE; that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to the forming of piles of bars of iron and steel
from which railroad rails may be drawn or rolled. The bars are disposed in
such a manner that the rail will be rolled with a steel head and the iron-and-
steel will be perfectly welded together by the welding operation..
In the accompanying Drawing Figures 1 and 2 are end views of rails
rolled from the improved pile; Figures 3 and 4 are transverse sections of
piles from which the rails shown in Figures 1 and 2 are drawn.
b
In Fig. 8, a, a, represent two bars of iron, say seven inches broad and one
and a quarter inches in thickness, and 6 represents four bars of iron, say three
and a half inches in breadth and one and a quarter inches in thickness. These
bars a and b are placed edgewise side by side, the narrow bars 6 leaving a
recess to receive a bar c of steel, which to correspond with the measurements
given above will require to be five inches in width and three and a half inches
in thickness to fill the vacancy; this steel may be manufactured by the
Bessemer or pneumatic process. The pile thus formed when submitted to
the ordinary rolling operation and rolled edgewise will produce a rail similar
to that shown in Fig. 1, A being the steel head and B the iron web or neck
and base. In Fig. 4 a pile is shown composed of three flat iron bars d of
equal dimensions (seven by one and a quarter inches) placed one on the top
of the other, and four narrower bars e two and a half by one inch placed on'
the top bar d, the outer edges of the bars being placed flush with the outer
edges of the bars d so that a space will be allowed between them to receive
the lower part of a T-shaped steel bar c, the part ƒ being two inches square
in its transverse section, and the upper part g seven inches in width and one
and three quarter inches in thickness, the part 9 extending the whole width of
be pile. This pile when rolled will produce a rail as shown in Fig. 2, D

page_text: being the steel head, and E the iron web or neck and base. By the mode of
piling shewn at Figures 3 and 4 it will be understood that the steel when
brought to a welding heat will be fully protected by the iron (the steel welding
at, a much lower heat than the iron), and that the two metals will during the.
process of rolling be perfectly welded together.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improvements in the..
Manufacture of Rails for Railways," as communicated to me from abroad, I
wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent,
I claim, manufacturing steel-headed rails for, railways in the manner above
described...
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twentieth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,.
... J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON: (L.B.)