AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER
ANIMALS." A communication from abroad by Ernest Schneider, of Berlin,
in the German Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th August 1881.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SHOES FOR
HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS." (A communication from abroad by Ernest
Schneider, of Berlin, in the German Empire.)
Many attempts have been heretofore made to construct shoes suitable for use by
horses and other animals on varying kinds of pavement, for example, on stones as
well as asphalt, but hitherto not much success has attended the attempts.
Shoes constructed according to this Invention are provided with heel calks made
of india rubber, leather, or other analogous material, instead of iron or steel as
usual, and as more fully hereafter described.
As found by experience, india rubber possesses, besides elasticity, the property
of creating or causing considerable friction by coming in contact with other bodies.
It is this that makes india rubber so suitable for this purpose, especially if inter-
mixed with limestone powder or similar substances which will increase the friction
greatly when coming in contact with other bodies.
The horse shoe proper is made of any suitable material, such as iron or steel, and
is provided with pockets or apertures for the reception of india rubber calks; the
fastening of the said calks is effected by pins which run parallel with the shoe, and
preferably in a longitudinal direction, passing through the pockets or apertures and

page_text: calks, and then rivetted over at the outside, but they may also be secured by any
cement suitable for such purpose.
The sole of the india rubber is preferably somewhat rounded in slanting direction
towards the front of the horseshoe.
The number and arrangement of the projections for clasping the hoof may be
arranged according to requirement and circumstances.
The india rubber calks give the horse a superior elastic step, and prevent the
slipping on any kind of pavement.
Sometimes instead of making the calks of india rubber they may be made of
leather or of other material less elastic than india rubber.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th February 1882.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SHOES FOR
HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS." (A communication from abroad by Ernest
Schneider, of Berlin, in the German Empire.)
Many attempts have heretofore, and especially of late years, been made to
construct shoes suitable for use by horses and other animals on varying kinds of
pavement, for example, on stones as well as asphalt, but hitherto not much success
has attended the attempts.
The horseshoes heretofore usual have also other defects which have presented
their general introduction.
Shoes constructed according to this Invention are provided with heel calks made
of india rubber, leather, or other analogous material, instead of iron or steel as
usual, and I will now more fully describe this Invention.
As found by experience, india rubber possesses, besides its elasticity, the property
of producing or causing a considerable friction by coming in contact with other
bodies; it is this property that makes india rubber so very suitable for the object
here in view, especially if it be intermixed with powdered lime, pummice stone, or
similar substances which will greatly increase the friction of the india rubber when
coming in contact with other bodies.
And in order that this Invention may be fully understood I will now describe
the same with reference to the accompanying Drawings, of which Figure 1 is a
plan of underside, and Figure 2 a vertical longitudinal section of one form of the
shoe, and Figures 3 and 4 corresponding views of another form of the shoe; in
bath cases the shoe is made with two heel calks or pads, and with one front pro-
jumon hooking on to the hoof.
The horseshoe proper a is made of any suitable material, such as iron or steel,
and is provided with pockets, recesses, or apertures a for the reception of india
rubber calks or pads 6 which fit therein; the fastening of the said calks or pads is
effected by pins d which run parallel with the shoe sole, and preferably in a longi-
tudinal direction passed through the pockets or apertures cand calks or pads b, and
then rivetted over on the outside, but they may also be secured by any cement
suitable for such purpose; the recesses o being larger at the bottom than at the sole
or face of the shoe, as shown, serves to further secure the pads in place. The sole
or bottom face of the india rubber is somewhat rounded, preferably in a slanting
direction, towards the front of the horseshoe, as shown at Figures 2 and 4.
The number and arrangement of the projections e for clasping or gripping the
hoof may be according to requirements and circumstances.
The india rubber calks or pads 6 give the horse a superior elastic step and tread
or footing, and prevent the slipping on any kind of pavement whatsoever. Some-
times, for instance, for horses for heavy carts, a less elastic material, such as natural
or artificial leather, may be employed instead of india rubber for the pads b.
I claim as the Invention communicated to me,—
A horse shoe formed with pockets for receiving india rubber or leather heel

page_text: calks or pads, which are fastened therein by rivets or cement, as described and as
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.