Improvements in Cigarette Making Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 29th June, 1896-Accepted, 29th Sept., 1896
Improvements in Cigarette Making Machines.
1, JOHN MACDONALD, of 32, Watson Street, in the County of the City of
Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
and arrangement of the parts of cigarette making machines in which the tobacco
is rolled, enclosed in its paper cover, and the cigarette is delivered from ready
for usc.
The mechanism by which this is accomplished is carried by a framing consisting
mainly of two side plates or frames securely stayed together and bolted down by
flanges or feet to a table or other suitable foundation, and which frame carries in
bearings at its front end the transverse driving shaft on which are keyed or other-
wise secured fast and loose belt pulleys and the various cams for giving the
desired motions to the operating parts which are constructed and arranged as
follows:-
The tobacco is fed to the machine by an endless band on to which it is placed
by hand or otherwise. This endless band is carried on two rollers, one mounted
in journal bearings near the top of the front end of machine frame, and this roller
may be covered with india rubber, and the other is mounted in bearings on a
vertical frame fitted to oscillate on a longitudinal extension of the lower part of
the frame, and the endless band is tightened on the rollers by means of a screw
working through a small bracket projecting from the back of oscillating frame and
bearing on a fixed part of frame extension. This forces the vertical frame forwards
and tightens the endless band. The journal of the back roller is extended to out-
side the machine frame where a ratchet wheel is secured to its end, which is moved
say the space of one tooth at each revolution of the driving shaft, so as to feed
forward sufficient tobacco for one cigarette, by means of a pawl on a vertical
lever fulcrumed on a stud pin and oscillated by a cam on driving shaft, bearing on
an antifriction roller or pin on lever. The tobacco thus intermittently fed to the
machine by the endless band is delivered on to a shoot or small table with side
or cheek plates fitted near the top of machine and passes under a presser which is
raised as each portion of tobacco is fed to it. The presser is preferably of
rectangular box form and roughened or corrugated on its under surface and
receives its rising motion from a vertical bar sliding in guides on outside of
machine framing and caused to rise by a cam on the driving shaft bearing on an
antifriction roller on the end of a horizontal projection from vertical bar, the top
of which is bent over horizontally and is formed at its end as a frame on the top
sides of which the presser rests by projections from its sides. The presser receives
also a back and forward motion from a connection to the same lever which turns
the ratchet wheel on roller to feed forward the tobacco. The presser is thus
raised to allow the tobacco to enter below then lowered and moved backward to
push the tobacco along the shoot or table towards the tobacco dividing and delivery
blades. As the tobacco reaches the delivery end of the shoot the tobacco dividing
and delivery blades descend upon it and the delivery blade moving backwards
carries the portion of tobacco over the shoot when it falls into the pocket of the
rolling apron below. To effect this the tobacco dividing blade is mounted on the

page_text: end of a transverse lever fulcrumed by a hollow journal between two small eye-
brackets secured on top of side frame of machine and this lever is oscillated by
means of an angled forked connecting rod jointed to it and actuated by a cam on
driving shaft bearing on an antifriction roller on fork to move it vertically, the
reverse motion being effected by a spring between the fork and machine framing.
The delivery blade (or it may be two blades fixed at a short distance apart) is
secured to an arm resting on a bracket projecting from the arm of tobacco dividing
blade at right angles to and secured to the end of a spindle passing through the
hollow journal of tobacco dividing blade lever. The spindle has an annular groove
formed on its front end by which it is reciprocated backwards and forwards by a
fork on the end of an arm connected to the top of a vertical lever fulcrumed on
a stud on the outside of machine frame and oscillated by means of a cam on
driving shaft bearing on an antifriction roller on lower end of lever, and a spring
to keep lever always bearing on cam. The tobacco dividing and delivery blades
are each fitted with short rods projecting upwards at an angle from each other, the
ends of which are connected by a spring to cause the two blades to work in
unison. The motion of the delivery blade towards the back of the machine
separates and pushes over the edge of the shoot the portion of tobacco required for
one cigarette which is received into the pocket of the rolling apron to be rolled
and formed into a cigarette in the manner to be described. When the delivery
blade effects this, it comes at the end of its traverse against a horizontal fixed
blade or plate fitted across the machine so that when it is raised by the lifting of
the tobacco dividing blade any tobacco or adhesive matter is scraped off against
the fixed blade. The tobacco dividing and delivery blades may, if desired, be
formed with teeth along their lower edges.
The front end of the rolling apron, of suitable flexible material, is secured,
preferably by clamping, to a horizontal arm at right angles to and secured to the
top arm of a vertically oscillating lever, which may be a bent or bell crank lever,
fulcrumed on a stud pin on the inside of machine frame and oscillated by means of
a forked rod jointed to its lower arm and actuated by a cam on driving shaft
bearing on an antifriction roller on fork, which is also fitted with a spring. The
other end of the rolling apron is secured in a similar manner to an arm secured to
the end of a horizontally oscillating lever operated by a cam on the driving shaft.
The first lever drawing the rolling apron towards the front of machine to roll the
cigarette and the other lever drawing it back when the cigarette is made and
delivered. The rolling apron is carried over a roller working in journal bearings
on each side of machine frame which roller is hereinafter termed the lower
roller.
When the tobacco has been pushed off the shoot it falls into a loop or pocket
formed by the front end of apron bagging in front of the lower roller; this effect
being produced by the lever which draws the rolling apron downwards doing so
only partially and the end of a lever which is fulcrumed behind and actuated from
the driving shaft by cam mechanism nips the rolling apron against a transverse
bar and prevents it passing over to the back of the lower roller. When the
tobacco has dropped into the pocket or loop so formed, a roller hereinafter called
the upper roller is moved backwards and down upon the lower roller with the
double ply of rolling apron between them. This upper roller is mounted in journal
bearings on a frame swivelling on a stud spindle projecting at right angles from
the top of a vertical lever fulcrumed on a stud spindle ou inside of frame and
oscillated from the driving shaft by cam mechanism. The lever carrying the frame
moves it backwards and the frame is then swivelled on its stud spindle so as to
bring the upper roller down over the lower. This is effected by a segmental cam
lever bearing on an antifriction roller at front end of swivelling frame, fulcrumed
on the same stud spindle as vertical lever and operated from the driving shaft by
cam and lever mechanism. The cams actuating the vertical lever and the cam
shaped lever are formed with rests so as to allow the upper roller to remain in
position while the cigarette is being rolled and when this is effected the cam lever

page_text: 15 moved, and allows the antifriction roller or swivelling frame to fall into a recess
which at once permits the upper roller to rise and allows the cigarette to be
delivered by the tightening of the rolling apron, which during the process of
rolling has been drawn towards the front of machine by its lever. When the
tobacco rolling process has begun a pressing roller, to regulate the size of cigarette
being made, is moved backwards, so as to rest on the pocket of apron enclosing the
tobacco being operated upon. This pressing roller is carried in journal bearings
on the top of a short lever fulcrumed on a stud spindle near the top of machine frame
and is oscillated to move into position by a fork and length adjusting connecting
rod actuated by a cam on driving shaft bearing on an antifriction roller on fork.
When the tobacco is being rolled the paper cover for the cigarette is inserted
between the rollers and being drawn in by the apron is rolled round the tobacco;
the mechanism for effecting this being as is to be described. The drum or bobbin
on which the paper to be used is wound is mounted preferably in a horizontal
position on the end of a bar projecting horizontally and transversely from the
back end of machine and to one side thereof. The paper passing through a guide
on the bar would enter between the blades of a gripping appliance whence after
being gummed or pasted on one edge it would be drawn by gripping and delivering
fingers mounted on a bar transversely reciprocating in guides on the back end of
machine. The gripping appliance consists of two blades carried on the upper ends
of short levers oscillating by eyes on a rod fitted at each side of projecting bar.
These blades are about twice the length of a cigarette paper the first half where
the gumming is effected being plain and the other having two or more open
ended slots formed in them. The blades are pressed together and kept shut by
springs connecting the levers, and are opened by means of angled projections on
the end of a bent lever fulcrumed on a stud pin on side frame of machine and
oscillated by a cam on driving shaft. The raising of the free end of lever
causes the angled projections to bear on the angled ends of plate levers and
by pressing them together, opens the plates at the right moment to allow
the paper to be drawn along between them. The gripping and delivering
fingers, which draw the paper, and which are bent so as not to come in
contact with the gummed edge, are mounted, on a frame carried by a trans-
versely reciprocating bar sliding in guides on the end of machine frame,
in a similar manner to the gripping appliance described but inverted and are
opened by means of angled projections on a short lever fulcrumed on the top of
the reciprocating frame and operated by the bent up arm of a horizontal lever
fulcrumed on side frame of machine and actuated by a cam on driving shaft.
This lever arm would be bent horizontally and transversely to the machine at its
upper part to form a surface to support the end of the lever of reciprocating frame
as it traversed to and fro, said lever being fitted with an antifriction roller at its end.
The frame carrying the gripping and delivering fingers is reciprocated by means
of a rocking shaft mounted in bearings longitudinally along the outside and at the
bottom of the machine frame and is rocked by means of a cam on driving shaft
bearing on the end of a lever secured on it at right angles while the other end of
rocking shaft is connected to the reciprocating frame by a vertical lever which
may be fitted with a fork at its upper end engaging with a pin on bar carrying
the frame or it may be jointed thereto; otherwise the bar carrying the frame may
be reciprocating by a bell crank lever fulcrumed on machine frame below, the
vertical arm of which is connected to the bar by a link and the horizontal arm by
another link to a vertical bar sliding in guides on end of machine and reciprocated
vertically by means of a link connecting it to the back end of a horizontal lever
fulcrumed on a stud on machine frame near its centre and actuated by a cam
on driving shaft bearing on an antifriction roller on its other end. The action of
these grippers and gripping fingers is as follows:-
The reciprocating frame carrying the gripping fingers in the open position is
moved until the fingers come opposite the slots in the grippers when the fingers
are closed on the paper and the grippers are opened, the frame is then moved in

page_text: the opposite direction and the paper drawn along. When a length sufficient for one
cigarette is thus drawn out the frame pauses until the paper is cut, and then pro-
ceeds to the end of its traverse when the paper is delivered to an oscillating frame
to carry it to the rollers and rolling apron. The cutting of the paper is effected
preferably by a pair of scissors or shears mounted on the machine frame and
actuated at the right moment by lever and cam mechanism from the driving shaft.
When the paper enters the first division of the grippers, its edge projects a short
distance above them, and this projecting edge receives a coating of gum or paste.
The gumming is effected by two rollers mounted close together and carried at the
upper end of a duplex lever actuated from driving shaft by cam mechanism so as
to give a vertical or otherwise it may be a reciprocating as well as a raising and
lowering motion to the gumming rollers. The gum or paste may be placed on the
upper part of rollers by hand or be dropped in a measured manner from a reservoir
above them. Before entering the grippers any matter desired may be printed on
the paper by ordinary means but this forms no part of present invention. The
paper is received from the gripping fingers and delivered to the rollers by a frame
suspended from a stud spindle and oscillated by means of a lever acted on by a
cam on driving shaft its other end being connected to frame by a vertical connecting
rod and small crank or other joint on same. This paper receiving frame is formed
at its lower end as a wide fork the ends of which are connected by a plate in the
outer edge of which are formed open ended slots to correspond in number and
position with the gripping fingers on reciprocating frame. On the inside of each
limb of fork there is fitted a small curved arm pivotted loosely at one end so as to
allow its free end to rest on the slotted plate. These arms rest on the paper when
in place and hold it on the plate until delivered to the rollers. This paper receiving
frame is oscillated outwards until the plate is under the gripping fingers holding the
paper which are then opened to release the paper. The pivotted arms, which during
the outward motion of the frame have been held up by the ends of a cross bar secured
to a longitudinal bar sliding in guides on the frame and operated by a segmental
cam, fulcrumed at top of machine and operated from driving shaft by cam and
lever mechanism and acting on an antifriction roller on top of bar, are released by
the movement of the cam and fall down on the paper and hold it in position while
being carried forward to the rollers where it is caught and drawn in by the rolling
apron and rolled around the cigarette. The cigarette when rolled is delivered
from the rolling apron and received by gripping fingers on the lower end of a
pendent arm oscillating on a stud spindle on the upper part of machine frame.
This arm is of a segmental form curving towards the front of machine and oscillated
by a crank or lever at its upper end jointed to a vertical connecting rod carried up
from a horizontal lever fulcrumed on a stud spindle on inside of machine frame
at its lower part, and actuated by a cam on driving shaft bearing on an antifriction
roller cn end of lever. This pendent arm is fitted at its lower end with semi-
circular hooks or fingers one at each side and carries on one end of a spindle passing
through it a plate of special construction and at the other end a short bar both
of them fitted at their lower ends with semicircular hooks to correspond with the
hooks on the end of the arm. The plate is segmental in shape with a broad
upper end and tapering towards the other end which is fitted with the gripping
fingers. On the arm above the segmental plate is fulcrumed on a stud a short
lever one end of which is connected to the arm by a spring and the other is fitted
with a roller which engages with either of two curved or recessed parts in the
broad end of segmental plate to hold the gripping fingers in either the open or
close position. When this pendent arm is moved towards the rollers and apron of
machine to receive the cigarette, the lever, which is beforementioned as nipping
the rolling apron, in its motion towards the apron comes in contact with a heel on
the segmental plate and shifting it causes the gripping fingers to close on the
cigarette as it is delivered from the rollers, while as the arm is oscillated towards
the back end of machine a pin on the segmental plate comes in contact with a
projection on the vertical connecting rod which shifts the plate and causes the

page_text: gripping fingers to open and allow the cigarette to drop into any convenient
receptacle. While the cigarette is being carried back in the gripping fingers it is
brought into contact with two circular knives set at a distance apart equal to the
length of cigarette required, which trim the ends. These knives are fitted on a
transverse spindle carried in bearings on machine frame and revolved at a high
speed by any ordinary gearing or belting from the main driving shaft. The
actuating cams of the machine are all shaped and arranged on the driving shaft in
such a manner as to give the various motions, and at the required time, and where
required all levers and forks are fitted with springs to maintain them in contact
with their respective cams. Instead of forming the ends of the connecting rods as
forks, they may be suspended by oscillating links at the shaft end of machine,.or
their ends may be made to work in slides instead.
Dated this 28th day of August 1805
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
Improvements in Cigarette Making Machines.
I, JOHN MACDONALD, of 32 Watson Street, in the County of the City of
Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being made to the accompanying sheet
of drawings:-
My invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
and arrangement of the parts of cigarette making machines in which tobicco is
rolled, enclosed in its paper cover, and the cigarette delivered from, ready
for use.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended seven sheets of illustrative drawings, in which the same reference letters
are used to indicate the same parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1, on Sheet 1, is an elevation of the left hand-side of the machine looking
towards the back.
Figure 2, on Sheet 2, is an elevation of the other side of the machine.
Figure 3, on Sheet 3, shows a side elevation partly in section of the tobacco
feeding endless band and operating mechanism, this and the remaining views being
to an enlarged scale.
Figures 4 and 5, on Sheet 4, show a side and front view respectively of the
tobacco pressing, dividing, and delivering mechanism; the cams used for effecting
these operations being shown separately on same sheet.
Figure 6, on Sheet 2, is a side view of the tobacco rolling and cigarette forming
mechanism; the cams used for effecting these operations being shown separately on
same sheet, Figure 64 and 6 on Sheet 3 showing details.
Figures 7 and 8 on Sheet 5 are side and front views respectively of the paper
gripping and cutting mechanism.
Figure 9 on Sheet 6 is a side view of mechanism for feeding the cut paper to
rolling mechanism; and Figure 10 on Sheet 6 is a sectional view of the oscillating
paper feeder; the cams for effecting the operation being shown separately on same
sheet.
Figures 11 and 12 on Sheet 3 are a side and back view respectively of the paper
gumming rollers, and Figure 13 on Sheet 7 is a back view of part of the machine
showing the paper gripping and feeding mechanism and appliances for operating
same.
Referring to the drawings:
-;
The mechanism by which the operations
accomplished is carried be a

page_text: framing A consisting mainly of two side plates or frames which may be securely
stayed together and bolted down by flanges or feet A¹ to a table or other suitable
foundation and which frame A carries in bearings A2 at its front end, the transverse
driving shaft B on which are keyed or otherwise secured fast and loose belt pulleys,
not shown in the drawings, and the various cams for giving the desired motions to
the operating parts which are constructed and arranged as follows:-
The tobacco is fed to the machine by an endless band, on to which it is placed
by hand or otherwise. This endless band may be carried on two rollers, one
mounted in journal bearings near the top of the front end of machine frame, and
this roller may be covered with india-rubber and the other may be mounted in
bearings on a vertical frame fitted to oscillate on a longitudinal extension of the
lower part of the frame, and the endless band is tightened on the rollers by means
of a screw working through a small bracket projecting from the back of oscillating
frame and bearing on a fixed part of frame extension. This forces the vertical
frame forward and tightens the endless band. The journal of the back roller may
be extended to outside the machine frame where a ratchet wheel may be secured
to its end, and be moved say the space of one tooth at each revolution of the
driving shaft, so as to feed forward sufficient tobacco for one cigarette, by means
of a pawl on a vertical lever fulcrumed on a stud pin and oscillated by a cam on
driving shaft bearing on an antifriction roller or pin on lever.
Preferably, however, the endless band would be arranged and operated as
follows and illustrated more particularly by Figure 3 on Sheet 3 of the drawings.
The endless band C is carried by two rollers C1, C2, one C' being mounted in
journal bearings near the top of the front end of machine and the other C³, which
is covered with a layer of india-rubber, being mounted in bearings on a vertical
frame C³ fitted to oscillate at C+ on a longitudinal extension A³ of the machine
frame. The endless band is tightened on the rollers C1, C2, by a screw C³
working through a small bracket C projecting from the back of the oscillating
frame C3 and bearing on a fixed part of extension A³ of the machine frame. The
endless band C is intermittently moved to feed forward the tobacco by means of
the two india-rubber covered gripping rollers c, e' geared together and carried by
a bracket frame A' projecting from a transverse bar A' of machine frame. The
lower roller c¹ being carried on levers c² one at each side to enable the gripping
pressure between the two rollers to be adjusted by the screw c³ acting on the short
lever projecting from the lever c². The rollers c c are intermittently moved to
feed the endless band C towards the machine by means of the pawl e, or it might
be a friction clutch carried on the reciprocating bar c. This bar c slides on the
frame and within a guide c' and is reciprocated by means of the stud e engaging
with the pendent link attached to a transverse bar d secured at right angles
to the top of the lever D shown in dotted lines and which actuates at same time
the tobacco presser D₁ by means of the pin d2 as shown more particularly in
Figures 4 and 5 and described in reference to same. A wooden tray C with
raised edges at each side rests on the machine frame to support the endless band
while the tobacco is being placed therein.
Referring more particularly to Figures 4 and 5 on Sheet 4 :-The tobacco thus
intermittently fed to the machine by the endless band C is delivered on to a shoot
or small table D' Figure 5, and shown in dotted lines in Figure 4, with side or
cheek plates D³ fitted on a bracket D' near the top of machine frame and passes
under à presser D' which is raised as each portion of tobacco is fed to it. The
presser D is preferably of rectangular box form and roughened or corrugated on
its under surface and receives its rising motion from a vertical bar E sliding in
guides E on outside of machine framing and caused to rise by a cam 1 on the
driving shaft B bearing on an antifriction roller E2 on the end of a horizontal
projection E³ from vertical bar E, the top of which is bent over horizontally and
is formed at its end as a rectangular frame E on the top side of which the
presser D¹ rests and slides by projections or flanges D' on its sides. The presser D'
receives also a back and forward motion from a connection to the same lever D

page_text: which actuates the endless band C to feed forward the tobacco as described in
reference to Figure 3. This connection consists of a bracket d³ secured to the
top of the presser D' having a turned down forked end which engages with the
pin d on the end of the horizontal bar d secured at right angles to or forming
part of the top of the lever D. This lever D is fulcrumed on the stud D and is
oscillated by the cam 2 on the shaft B acting on the antifriction roller D'.
The presser D' is thus raised by the bar E to allow the tobacco to enter below,
then lowered and moved backward by means of the lever D to push the tobacco
along the shoot or table D² towards the tobacco dividing and delivery blades F, F'.
As the tobacco reaches the delivery end of the shoot the tobacco dividing and
delivery blades F, F¹ shown in their raised positions descend upon it and the
delivery blade F¹ moving backwards carries the portion of tobacco over the end D³
of the shoot D seen in section in Figure 3 and in dotted lines in Figure 4 when it
falls into the pocket of the rolling apron below. To effect this the tobacco dividing
blade F is mounted on the end of a transverse lever F2 fulcrumed by a hollow
journal F³ carried by an eye bracket F' secured on top of side frame of machine,
and this lever F2 is oscillated by means of an angled forked connecting rod F
made adjustable at F by slots and screwed bolts, jointed to it at F7 and actuated
by a cam 3 on driving shaft B bearing on an antifriction roller F8 on fork of bent
connecting rod F³ to move it vertically the reverse motion being effected by a
reaction spring not shown in the drawings between the fork and machine framing.
The delivery blade F' is secured to an arm fresting on a bracket f¹ projecting
from the arm of tobacco dividing blade F at right angles to and secured to the
end of a spindle f' passing through the hollow journal F3 of tobacco dividing
blade lever F. The spindle has an annular groove or a pair of collars formed
on its front end by which it is reciprocated backwards and forwards by a fork f³
on the end of an arm f connected to the bent over top end of a vertical lever ƒ³
fulcrumed on a stud f on the outside of machine frame and oscillated by means
of a cam 4 on driving shaft B bearing on an antifriction roller f' on lower end
of lever and a reaction spring not shown in the drawings to keep lever f always
bearing on cam 4. The tobacco dividing and delivery blades are each fitted with
short rods projecting upwards at an angle from each other the ends of which
are connected by a spring to cause the two blades to work in unison. The
motion of the delivery blade F1 towards the back of the machine separates and
pusbes over the edge of the shoot D the portion of tobacco required for one
cigarette which is received into the pocket of the rolling apron to be rolled and
formed into a cigarette in the manner to be described. When the delivery
blade effects this it comes at the end of its traverse against a horizontal fixed
blade or plate fitted across the machine so that when it is raised by the lifting of
the tobacco dividing blade any tobacco or adhesive matter is scraped off against
the fixed blade. The tobacco dividing and delivery blades may if desired be
formed with teeth along their lower edges.
Referring more particularly to Figure 6 on Sheet 2 :-The front end of the
rolling apron G of suitable flexible material is secured preferably by clamping to
a horizontal arm G at right angles to and secured to the top arm of a vertically
oscillating lever G2, which may be a bent or bell crank lever, fulcrumed on a stud
pin G on the inside of machine frame and oscillated by means of a forked rod G
jointed at g to its lower arm and actuated by a cam 5 on driving shaft B bearing
on an antifriction roller G' on fork which is also fitted with a reaction spring G6.
The other end of the rolling apron G is secured in a similar manner to a horizontal
arm H secured to the end of a horizontal oscillating lever H₁ fulcrumed on a
stud H2 and operated by a cam 6 on the driving shaft B bearing on an antifriction
roller H. The first lever G2 drawing the rolling apron G towards the front of
machine to roll the cigarette x and the other lever H¹ drawing it back when the
cigarette is made and delivered. The rolling apron G is carried over a transverse
roller I working in journal bearings on each side of machine frame which roller is
hereinafter termed the lower roller.

page_text: When the tobacco has been pushed off the shoot it falls into a loop or pocket
formed by the front end of apron G bagging in front of the lower roller I as
shown in Figure 6A on Sheet 3, this effect being produced by the lever H' which
draws the rolling apron downwards doing so only partially and the end J¹ of an
inwardly bent lever J which is fulcrumed on a stud J2 behind the apron G and
actuated from the driving shaft by the cam 7 acting on an antifriction roller J³
on the end of the lever J' which is fulcrumed on the stud J, and is connected by
its outer end to the lever J by a link J, nipping the rolling apron against a
transverse bar K secured between the side frames of the machine and preventing
it passing over to the back of the lower roller I on the return of the lever G².
When the tobacco has dropped into the pocket or loop so formed a roller L
hereinafter called the upper roller is moved backwards and down upon the lower
roller I with the double ply of rolling apron G between them. This upper roller L
is mounted in journal bearings ou a frame L' swivelling on a stud spindle L²
projecting at right angles from the top of a lever L³ fulcrumed on a stud spindle L'
on inside of frame and oscillated from the driving shaft B by the cam 8 bearing
on the antifriction roller L on the forked connecting rod L which is jointed to
the lever L at the projection L' on same. The lever L³ carrying the frame L'
moves it backwards and the frame is swivelled on its stud spindle L² so as to
bring the upper roller L down over the lower one I. This is effected by a segmental
cam lever M bearing on an antifriction roller at front end of swivelling frame L'
fulcrumed on the same stud spindle L' as the vertical lever L³ and operated from
the driving shaft B by the cam 9 bearing on the antifriction roller M' on the
forked connecting red M² jointed to the cam lever M at M³.
The cams 8 and 9 actuating the vertical lever L³ and cam shaped lever M
are formed with rests so as to allow the upper roller L to remain in position
while the cigarette is being rolled and when this is effected the cam lever M
is moved and allows the antifriction roller of swivelling frame L' to fall into
a recess M which at once permits the upper roller to rise and allows the cigarette a
to be delivered by the tightening of the rolling apron G which during the process
of rolling has been drawn towards the front of machine by its lever G². When
the tobacco rolling process has begun, a pressing roller N to regulate the size of
cigarette being made is moved backwards so as to rest on the pocket of apron
enclosing the tobacco being operated upon. This pressing roller N is carried in
journal bearings on an arm on the top of a short lever N₁ fulcrumned on the stud
spindle J near the top of machine frame and is oscillated to move into position
by a fork and connecting rod N2 capable of having its length adjusted to suit the
size of cigarette being made, and actuated by the cam 10 on driving shaft B
bearing on an antifriction roller N on fork N2.
As shown in the detailed view Figure 6B a cord g is attached by one end to the top
of the lever G2 and after being coiled two or three times round the lower roller I
has its other end attached to one end of a lever g¹ fulcrumed at g² and having
reaction spring g³ at its other end, this arrangement is for the purpose of causing
the roller I to revolve as the lever G2 is oscillated.
a
When the tobacco is being rolled the paper cover for the cigarette is inserted
between the rollers and being drawn in by the apron is rolled round the tobacco;
the mechanism for effecting this being as is to be described.
Referring more particularly to Figures 7 and 8 on Sheet 5, 9 and 10 on Sheet 6,
and 13 on Sheet 7:-
The drum or bobbin O' indicated in dotted lines on Figure 13 on which the
paper to be used is preferably mounted to rotate in bearings O2 on the end of
a bar P projecting horizontally and transversely from the back end of machine
and to one side thereof. The paper O passing through a guide or it might be a
printing appliance, not shown in the drawings, on the bar P, enters between the
pairs of blades P1, P2, P3 P³, of a gripping appliance whence after being gummed
or pasted on one edge it would be drawn by gripping and delivering fingers R', R',
mounted on a bar S transversely reciprocating in guides S' secured to the frame

page_text: by the bracket S at the back end of machine. The gripping appliance consists of
two pairs of blades P1, P2 and P3 P3, one pair consisting of the bent plate P¹
secured to the side of the bar P and the plate P2 carried on the fixed plate P' by
the springs P, the other pair consisting of a pair of plates P³ P³. The plates P³
are carried on short levers P* secured by pinching screws on spindles P carried
in bearings in small brackets secured to and on each side of the bar P. The
plates are kept in their closed position by the drawing springs Pacting on the
lower ends of the levers Ps and P also secured to the spindle P by pinching
screws. The extended upper end of the lever P is secured to the plate Pio
carrying the plate P³ and is continued upwards as a finger P" which presses upon
the plate P2 to close it on the plate P¹ to hold the paper. These blades are each
about the length of a cigarette paper, the first pair P P2 where the gumming is
effected being plain and the other P3 having two or more open ended slots formed
in them. The blades are pressed together and kept shut by the drawing
springs P, and are opened by means of angled projections p' on the end of a bent
lever p fulcrumed on a stud pin p² on side frame of machine and oscillated by
the cam 11 cn driving shaft B bearing on the antifriction roller on its end. The
raising of the free end of lever p causes the angled projections p¹ p' to bear on the
lower ends of the levers P8 and P and by pressing them together opens the pairs
of plates P1 P2 and P3 at the right moment to allow the paper to be drawn along
between them. The gripping and delivering fingers R R which draw the paper
and which are bent so as not to come in contact with the gummed edge are
mounted on a frame R carried by a transversely reciprocating bar S sliding in
guides S¹ on the end of machine frame in an analogous manner to the gripping
appliance described but inverted. These gripping and delivering fingers R¹ R₁
are opened by a stud or pin R2 projecting from the end of a lever R³ fulcrumed
on a stud R on the frame R and oscillated to open the fingers by the horizontally
bent end of a bell crank lever R³ shown in Figure. 1 fulcrumed on a stud Re
bearing on an antifriction roller R' on the back end of the lever R³. The lower
end of the bell crank lever R³ being connected to the forked rod R8 which is
actuated by the cam 12 shown on Sheet 3 bearing on an antifriction roller on its
forked end. The springs React on the levers R10 to keep the fingers R' close, a
stop R being employed to determine the position of the closed fingers. The
horizontal arm of the lever R is bent transversely to the machine at its upper part
and forins a surface to keep depressed the end of the lever R³ of reciprocating
frame Ras it is traversed to and fro on its bar S said lever being fitted with the
roller R' at its end for the purpose of reducing friction. The frame carrying the
gripping and delivering fingers is reciprocated by means of a rocking shaft mounted
in bearings longitudinally along the outside and at the bottom of the machine
frame and is rocked by means of a cam on driving shaft bearing on the end of a
lever secured on it at right angles while the other end of rocking shaft is con-
nected to the reciprocating frame by a vertical lever which may be fitted with a
fork at its upper end engaging with a pin on bar carrying the frame or it may be
jointed thereto; otherwise the bar carrying the frame may be reciprocated by a
bell crank lever fulcrumed on machine frame below, the vertical arm of which is
connected to the bar by a link and the horizontal arm by another link to a vertical
bar sliding in guides on end of machine and reciprocated vertically by means of a
link connecting it to the back end of a horizontal lever fulcrumed on a stud on
machine frame near its centre and actuated by a cam on driving shaft bearing on
an antifriction roller on its upper end. The action of these grippers and gripping
fingers is as follows:-It is preferred however as illustrated more particularly in
Figures 9 and 13 to effect this as follows, by a lever T, fulcrumed on a stud T¹,
to the lower end of which, shown broken away, a reaction spring may be attached.
This lever Tis jointed at its upper end to the sliding bar S by an adjustable
connecting rod T and is formed at its boss Ts with a toothed segment T' engaging
with another toothed segment 3 on the boss 12 of the lever t fulcrumed
stud t. The lever t is connected at its upper end to a forked rod actual

page_text: the cam 13 on the shaft B bearing on an antifriction roller on the forked end.
This cam 13 is fitted with an interchangeable piece 13ª for the purpose of adjusting
the length of travel communicated through the levers to the sliding bar S to suit
the length of paper desired to be cut off and delivered. The reciprocating
frame R carrying the gripping fingers R¹ R' in the open position is moved in one
direction until the fingers come opposite the slots in the grippers P³ when the
fingers R R are closed on the paper and the grippers P³ are opened the frame is
then moved in the opposite direction and the paper drawn along through between
the gripping plates. When a length sufficient for one cigarette is thus drawn out
the frame R pauses until the paper is cut and then proceeds to the end of its
traverse when the paper is delivered to an oscillating frame to carry it to the
rollers and rolling apron. As illustrated more particularly in Figures 7 and 8 the
cutting of the paper is effected preferably by a pair of scissors or shears U by
having one of the operating ends secured to the lever. U pendent from the
plate P and the other jointed to the upper end of a rod U2 the other end of
which is bent round the driving shaft B and which is actuated by a cam 14 bearing
on an antifriction roller U³, a reaction spring U being attached to the pro-
jection U to close the blades at the right moment. When the paper enters the
first division P' P² of the grippers its edge projects a short distance above them
and this projecting edge receives a coating of gum or paste. The gumming
appliance as illustrated by Figures 11 and 12 on Sheet 3 consists of two
rollers V V geared together to move at different speeds and carried on the upper
end of a lever V2 actuated from driving shaft B by a simple double motion
cam bearing on an antifriction roller at its other end so as to give raising and
lowering motion to the gumming rollers. The roller V₁ being turned inter-
mittently by the pawl acting on the ratchet wheel ', the pawl being pivotted
on the lever 2 which receives motion from a forked rod 3 actuated by a simple
double motion cam on shaft B bearing on an antifriction roller on its forked end.
The gum or paste may be placed on the upper part of rollers by hand or be
dropped in a measured manner from a reservoir V3 above them. Before entering
the grippers any matter desired may be printed on the paper by ordinary means
but this forms no part of my present invention.
The paper is received from the gripping fingers R' R' and delivered to the
rolling apron by a frame W more particularly illustrated by Figures 9 and 10,
suspended by a stud spindle W₁ and oscillated by means of a lever W2 acted on by
the cam 15 on driving shaft B bearing on an antifriction roller W³ at one end, its
other end being connected to frame W by a vertical adjustable connecting rod W*.
This paper receiving frame W is formed at its lower end as a wide fork the ends
of which are connected by a plate W' in the outer edge of which are formed open
ended slots to correspond in number and position with the gripping fingers R' on
reciprocating frame R. On the inside of each limb of fork there may be fitted a
small curved arm pivotted loosely at one end so as to allow its free end to rest on
the slotted plate. These arms will rest on the paper when in place and hold it on
the plate until delivered to the rollers. But as illustrated more particularly in
Figures 9 10 and 13 the frame W pivotted on the stud spindle W₁ is fitted with a
sliding bar W carrying at its lower end pressing studs W7 to press down the
spring plate W8 to grip the paper between it and the plate W. Fingers to are
carried on a spindle w¹ and are caused to fall open to allow the paper to be received
by the action of the spring w³ acting on the lever was the frame is swung back-
wards, and are caused to rise behind the paper by the action of the spring w
acting on the lever won the reverse motion of the frame W, to prevent the paper
moving backwards when presented to the rollers. This paper receiving frame W
is oscillated outwards until the plate W' is under the gripping fingers R' R' holding
the paper which are then opened to release the paper.
Before the paper is received by the frame W the block W is raised by the
segmental cam 16ª pivotted on the stud spindle W₁ bearing on the antifriction
roller W10, and when the paper is received the block W is drawn down by its

page_text: spring W to grip the paper by its pressing studs W' pressing down the spring
plate Ws
The segmental cam 16ª is operated by the cam 16 on the shaft B bearing on
an antifriction roller X' on one en 1 of the lever X the other end of which is jointed
to the cam 16 by the bent connecting rod X'.
When the frame W has received the paper it is oscillated towards the front of
the machine until the paper is caught by the rolling apron G between its rollers,
and is drawn in and rolled round the tobacco to form the completed cigarette.
When the paper is being delivered to the rolling apron the camn 16ª bears
again on the antifriction roller W10 to raise the block W and so release the
paper.
Referring to Figures 2 and 6 on Sheet 2 :-The cigarette when rolled is
delivered from the rolling apron and received by gripping fingers y y³ on the lower
end of a pendent arm or lever Y oscillating on a stud spindle Y' on the upper part
of machine frame. This arm is of a segmental form curving towards the front of
machine and oscillated by a vertical connecting rod Y2 jointed to it and carried up
from a horizontal lever Y³ fulcrumed on a stud spindle Y on inside on machine
frame at its lower part and actuated by a cam 17 on driving shaft B bearing on
an antifriction roller Y on end of lever. This pendent arm Y is fitted at its
lower end with semi-circular hooks or fingers y one at each side and carries on one
end of a spindle yl passing through it a plate y² of special construction and at
other end a short bar both of them fitted at their lower ends with semi-circular
hooks y³ to correspond with the hooks on the end of the arm. The plate y has a
broad upper end tapering towards the other end which is fitted with the gripping
finger ys. On the arm above the segmental plate is fulcrumed on a stud a short
lever one end of which is connected to the arm by a spring and the other is
fitted with a roller y which engages with either of two curved or recessed parts in
the broad end of segmental plate to hold the gripping fingers in either the open or
closed position.
When this pendent arm Y is moved towards the rollers and apron of machine
to receive the cigarette the projection J' on the end of the lever J which is
beforementioned as nipping the rolling apron G, in its motion towards the apron
comes in contact with a heel y on the end of the lever y fulcrumed at y¹0 and
connected to the plate y and shifting it, causes the gripping fingers to close on the
cigarette as it is delivered from the rollers, while as the arm Y is oscillated
towards the back end of machine a pin y¹¹ on the lever y³ comes in contact with a
projection Y on the vertical connecting rod Y2 which causes the lever y to shift
the plate and open the gripping fingers to allow the cigarette to drop into any
convenient receptacle. While the cigarette is being carried back in the gripping
fingers y y it is brought into contact with two circular knives Z indicated in
Figure 2 set at a distance apart equal to the length of cigarette required which
trim the ends. The knives are adjustably fitted it may be by pinching screws on
a transverse spindle carried in bearings on the machine frame, and revolved at a
high speed, by any ordinary gearing or as shown in Figure 2 by a belt Z from a
pulley Z on the driving shaft B. The actuating cams of the machine are all
shaped and arranged on the driving shaft in such a manner as to give the various
motions and at the required time; and where required all levers and forks are
fitted with reaction springs to maintain them in contact with their respective
cams. Instead of forming the ends of the connecting rods as forks they may be
suspended by oscillating links at the shaft end of machine or their ends may be
made to work in slides instead.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. Cigarette making machines constructed all substantially as herein
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawinos

page_text: Second. In cigarette making machines the construction and general arrangement
and combination of the parts, all substantially described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Third. In cigarette making machines the construction and general arrangement
of the parts of appliances and their actuating devices for feeding, pressing, dividing
and delivering the tobacco in regulated quantities, all substantially as herein
described and illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the accompanying
drawings.
Fourth. In cigarette making machines the construction and general arrangement
of the parts of appliances and their actuating devices for rolling the tobacco and
forming the cigarette, all substantially as herein described and illustrated more
particularly by Figures 6, 64, and 6B, of the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. In the appliances for rolling the tobacco and forming the cigarette, the
construction and arrangement of the oscillating frame L, its lever L³ and the
segmental cam lever M, and their actuating devices, all substantially as and for
the purposes herein described and illustrated more particularly by Figure 6 of
the accompanying drawings.
Sixth. In cigarette making machines the construction and general arrangement
and combination of the parts of appliances and their actuating devices for gripping,
travelling, cutting, delivering and feeding the paper for the cigarette to the rolling
apron and rollers, all substantially as herein described and illustrated more
particularly by Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, and 13, of the accompanying drawings.
Seventh. In cigarette making machines the construction and arrangement of
the gripping plates P1, P2, and P3, P³, the receiving and delivering fingers R', R' and
their actuating devices, all substantially as and for the purposes herein described
and illustrated more particularly in Figures 7, 8, 9, and 13, of the accompanying
drawings.
Eighth. In cigarette making machines the construction and arrangement of the
parts of the oscillating frame W and its actuating devices for feeding the paper
to the rolling apron, all substantially as herein described and illustrated more
particularly in Figures 9, 10, and 13 of the accompanying drawings.
Ninth. In cigarette making machines the construction and arrangement of the
parts of the oscillating lever Y and its actuating devices for receiving the
cigarette from the rolling apron and discharging same, all substantially as herein
described and illustrated in Figure 2 and in dotted lines in Figure 6 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated the 27th of June 1896.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.