Year: 1896

page_text: I, JOHN YEADON, of 9, Low Fold, Apperley Bridge, near Leeds, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for
making brushes in which the material forning the equivalent to the bristles
is obtainable in continuous lengths such as wire.
To carry out my invention I wind the wire or other material upon a flat mandril
or template in the form of a flattened helix. A slip of wood or other suitable
substance is placed along the edge of the flat mandril previous to the wire being
wrapped upon it and the coils of wire embrace the slip of wood as well as the
mandril. After the wire has been coiled upon the mandril the edge
along which the strip of wood is placed is dipped into
into a suitable
cement (which may be heated) so as to more or less cover the strip after which
this cemented edge is forced by a press or other means into a groove made in the
block or its equivalent which is to form the back or body of the brush. When
the cement is set the coils of wire are severed along the edge of the mandril and the
mandril is withdrawn. To facilitate severing the coils that edge of the mandril
may be brought to a knife edge and the coils cut by striking them with a light
hammer against the knife edge. The cutting edge may be formed upon a hardened
and tempered steel knife placed parallel to the mandril and connected to it in
any convenient way. By this means one knife may be used with different
mandrils varying in width.
To wind the wire or other material onto the mandril it may be mounted in a
form of lathe having a suitable chuck on the live spindle adapted to hold and
drive the mandril and the other end may be supported in a similar way. The
chuck and support for the mandril may be constructed to clamp the knife, mandal
and strip together and may be fitted with means to hold the ends of the wire.
The coil of wire or other material may be mounted upon a creel carried by a
travelling carriage or saddle fitted with a suitable device for regulating the tension
of the wire as it is coiled onto the mandril.
It will be evident that any desired width of brush may be made by filling the
required number of parallel grooves in the body in this way and that circular
brushes may be made upon the same principle.
For making wire brushes I prefer to use hardened and tempered steel wire.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1896
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Patent Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Making Brushes.
I, JOHN YEADON, of 9, Low Fold, Apperley Bridge, near Leeds, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for
making brushes in which the material forming the equivalent to the bristles is
obtainable in continuous lengths such as wire.
To carry out my invention I wind the wire or other material upon a flat mandril
or template in the form of a flattened helix.
A strip of wood or other suitable
substance is placed along the edge of the flat mandrif previous to the wire being
wrapped upon it and the coils of wire embrace the strip of wood as well as the
mandril. After the wire has been coiled upon the mandril the edge along which
the strip of wood is placed is dipped into a suitable cement (which may be heated)
so as to more or less cover the strip after which this cemented edge is forced by
a press or other means into a groove made in the block or its equivalent which
is to form the back or body of the brush. When the cement is set the coils of
wire are severed along the edge of the mandril and the mandril is withdrawn.
To facilitate severing the coils that edge of the mandril may be brought to a
knife edge and the coils cut by striking them with a light hammer against the
knife edge.
To fully describe my invention, reference is made to the accompanying sheets
of drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of refer-
ence indicate corresponding parts in each of the figures.
Figure 1, represents a plan view of the apparatus I employ.
Figure 2, is a front view with the standards B broken away to economise space.
Figure 3, is a section on the broken line a, b. And Figure 4, is an end view of
the same.
Figures 5 to 10 are views of detail hereinafter referred to.
The bed or gantry A is mounted on legs or standards B and is fitted with a
sliding saddle A² traversed by the leading screw A³. The nut or female screw
thread or its equivalent on the saddle engaging the screw A³ is arranged so that
it can be readily disengaged from the screw in any ordinary way to facilitate
sliding the saddle along the bed without the aid of the screw.
The live spindle C revolves in bearings formed in the bracket C³ secured to
the side of the bed A. A chuck C adapted to receive the end of the mandril D
is fixed on the end of the spindle C and a similar chuck E fixed on the end of the
spindle E is provided to receive the other end of the mandril. The spindle E³
is mounted so as to be capable of free rotation in a bearing formed in the bracket E
adjustably secured on the bed A. The spindle C is connected to and drives the
screw As by means of the change wheel C on the end of the spindle the inter-
mediate wheel F and the change wheel A5 on the end of the screw.
The mandril D is placed in the chucks C and E and a strip of wood H is placed
along side of it and both are secured in the chucks. The wire W to form the
brush passes from a creel or its equivalent through the tension device J carried
by the saddle A2 and the end is connected to the chuck C³. The apparatus is then
set in motion and the wire is wound spirally on to the mandril and strip.
Figure 7, represents a separate view of the mandril and strip with the wire wound
upon it and Figure 8, is a cross section of the same. The mandril and strip with
the wire upon them are now removed from the machine and the strip is dipped

page_text: into a suitable cement and it is then pressed into one of the grooves L formed in
the block L separately shown in Figure 5 and in cross section in Figure 6. To
release the mandril the coils of wire W are severed along the edge D2 of the
mandril. When making brushes or other material in continuous lengths capable
of being wound in this way a groove may he formed along the ends D³ to form a
guide for the knife used to sever the coils.
Figure 9, represents a cross section of a complete brush and Figure 10 a side
elevation of a portion of the same. In this figure an end piece L³ is shown nailed
onto the end of the brush to give a more finished appearance.
The knife edge D³ may be formed along a strip made detachable from the
mandril if desired.
The tension device for regulating the tension of the wire preferably consists
of two rubber pads P P having fluted or corrugated faces between which the
wire is passed. The pressure is regulated by the screw S.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A brush made from a continuous length of material in the manner shown.
2. The use of the mandril D and the wooden strip H as and for the purpose
specified.
3. The general construction and arrangement of brush making apparatus,
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1897
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Patent Agents.