Improvements in Registering Check Tills.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 17th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 16th July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Registering Check Tills.
I. EDWARD POWER, of No. 13, Thornhill Square, Islington, in the County of
London. Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in registering check tills, and the objects
of it are to provide for the registering of the exact amount of the purchase, for the
simultaneous exhibition of the amount at the four sides of the till, for the automatic
addition of the amount of each succeeding purchase to the last total, and for the
prevention of uncertain, imperfect, or inaccurate manipulation on the part of the
cashier, as well as of loose motion on the part of any member of the mechanisms
constituting my invention. With the foregoing there may be combined a changing
advertising roller or other device. The entire mechanism is contained hetween two
side plates and stands upon a base plate or shelf under which is the cash drawer.
FINGER Discs.
These are arranged in rows along the front, and in columns, preferably
one at each side of the front. The dises in one row, preferably the bottom
one, are those appropriated to amounts in the lowest denomination of money,
while those in the columns are appropriated to amounts in the next higher
denomination, and so on with any others. The total number of discs are, together
with the indicating and the adding mechanism, capable of modification according
to the particular currency with which it is to be used. This Specification describes
the invention as constructed for use with English currency,
The front row above mentioned contains 12 keys numbered consecutively from 0)
up to 11.
Each disc is carried upon the outer end of a lever hereinafter called a
disc-lever. The 0 disc is used in actuating the mechanism of the till for amounts
in shillings or pounds when there are no pence. The remaining 11 are appropriated
to actuating the mechanism and registering amounts from Id. to 1d. All the disc-
levers are pivotted independently of each other upon a rod extending from one
side plate to the other behind the mechanism, and are provided with suitable
returning springs.
ADVERTISEMENT EXHIBITING MECHANISM.
In front of the mechanism and just beneath the bottom bank of disc-levers, there
is a horizontal bar. A vertical bar is led up from each end of the said horizontal
bar, and these are strengthened by a horizontal tie. The alternating vertical
motion of these bars, as any disc-lever is depressed and returned to its original
position. is utilised as a means for changing and exhibiting the advertisements of a
series, by any suitable mechanism. Suitable returning mechanism is provided for
returning the said bars and tie to their original position, and guides are fitted to
the base and side plates to secure a truly vertical motion for them.
CONNECTING AND INDICATING MECHANISM.
On
The disc levers connect with the indicating drums in the following manner.
one or both sides of the till-mechanism, 1 pivot a bell-lever having its fulcrum at
the back. The front end of each is actuated by the depression of the horizontal bar
of the advertisement exhibiting mechanism. The opposite or top end is connected
by a rod to a winding drum. A chain or band on this latter connects it to a pulley
CONNECTING AND INDICATING MECHANISM.
On
The disc levers connect with the indicating drums in the following manner.
one or both sides of the till-mechanism, 1 pivot a bell-lever having its fulcrum at
the back. The front end of each is actuated by the depression of the horizontal bar
of the advertisement exhibiting mechanism. The opposite or top end is connected
by a rod to a winding drum. A chain or band on this latter connects it to a pulley
on the axis of the pence-indicating drun. The latter stands in a plane at right

page_text: angles with the front of the till, and its periphery is divided into two bands, both
marked from 0 to 11, but in opposite directions, for the reason that one is intended
to indicate through a sight-hole in the front of the till, and the other through a
sight-hole in the back. The ends of the axis of the indicating drum are continued
through both side plates, and are there provided with indicating discs marked to
correspond with the drum. The depression of a disc-lever rotates the indicating
drum fill it presents 0 at the sight-hole, and such rotation winds up a counterpoise
which is adapted, by its fall, to return the drum to its original position. It is
compelled to stop when the proper figure is opposite the sight-hole, by the following
devices. Under each dise-lever (preferably excepting under the one marked 11)
there is a lever (hereinafter called a platform-lever) adapted, in respect of position,
to be depressed by the depression of the respective disc-lever. The opposite end of
each platform-lever is provided with a vertical rod, and all the rods are of different
lengths. When a platform lever is depressed, its rear end raises a platform pivotted
preferably at the front of the till-mechanism. There is a detent above the platform
which may take the form of a bar pivotted near to the axis of the platform. A
suitable bar spring, or its equivalent, is interposed between the platform and the
detent, through which the upward motion of the former can be communicated to
the latter. The axis of the indicating drum carries a snail. The contour of this
snail and the respective heights of the vertical rods on the platform-levers corre-
spond with each other and with the marking of the indicating drum, so that when,
the 7d. disc-lever is depressed, the detent will be left standing in the return path
of the step of the snail corresponding with the appearance of the figures 7 on the
drum at the respective sight-holes. As a vertical rod is raised, an automatic
locking bar engages underneath its lever for the purpose of preventing its premature
return which latter would involve the non-engagement of the snail and detent.
The depression of the next disc engages a lever adapted to disengage the locking
bar from under the platform-lever, and this is effected quickly enough for it to
lock the platform-lever of the disc-lever which disengaged it. The platform may
be divided into two-half platforms if preferred.
Amounts in shillings are indicated as follows. As the pence disc-levers are the
primary agents for rotating the pence-indicating drum to 0, so one of them is
adapted to discharge the same function in respect of the shilling indicating drum,
and the one selected is the one marked 0. If however the sum to be indicated is a
mixed amount the pence disc-lever only is depressed. The shilling-indicating drum
is mounted upon its own axis, but otherwise the mechanism connecting it with any
finger disc is a counterpart of that described above with reference to the pence-
drum. The ends of the axis of this drum are continued through both side plates
and there carry indicating discs marked to correspond with the drum.
I do not however confine myself to the use of two winding drums with their
immediate connections but may use a single central one.
The shilling indicating keys or finger discs stand out from the front of the till
in two columns after the manner of the stops of an organ. There are, preferably,
five on one side and five on the other, nine of them doing double duty. Those of
each column are carried on a vertical plate adapted to slide upon the plates upon
which the respective values are set out. These values are, preferably, set after the
following manner, 0, 108., 18., 11., 2., 12., 3s., 13s., 48. and 14s. Each vertical
plate is notched, so that in one terminal position the values from 0 to 4s, will appear,
and in the other the values from 10s. to 14%. When any shilling-key is pushed in,
it engages with one of a pair of detents, and pushes it into position to engage the
corresponding step on the respective snail, the being duplicate nails and duplicate
detents. Between the snails and the detents, I interpose a pivotted notched plate.
In one position of the vertical plate, the fingers pass through the notches and
actuate one detent; in the other position they engage the notched plate and through
it, as an intermediary, actuate the other detent.
If it is required to provide a set of indicating mechanism for a still higher
denomination, it will be of the same type as the shilling indicating mechanism.

page_text: THE ADDING MECHANISM.
I provide a second or adding drum on the axis of the pence indicating drum.
This drum is loose on the axis and is accompanied by a side-ratchet-wheel-and-
pawl-gear after the manner of the winding mechanism of a Dutch clock or a
musical box. This adding drum is marked to correspond with one band of the
periphery of the pence-indicating drum. As a disc-lever is depressed, the drum
remains stationary, but on the return motion of the indicating drum, it is locked
to the axis thereof by the pawl-and-ratchet-gear, consequently the adding drum
will be rotated through the same angle as the indicating drum, and will, wher. both
are at rest, indicate the sum of the payment just dealt with and the previous one.
When the adding drum presents 11, the next depression of a disc-lever causes it
on the side
to move the shilling-adding drum one point, as follows. There is a pin
of the adding drum which engages with one arm of a bell crank having its fulcrum
behind the drum, as the pence-adding drum is moving 11 away and is about to
present 0, and drives it outwards. An arm fast to the bell crank is provided with
an automatic spring tooth; and the motion of the bell crank passes the tooth over
the next tooth of a ratchet wheel axially coincident with the shilling-adding
drum.
The mechanism by which a total of 20. is transferred from the shilling-adding
drum to the sovereign-drum is very similar to the one just described. A pin on
The other arm
the side of the drum lifts a bell crank having its fulcrum behind it.
of the crank has a gravity tooth or pawl on its end which drops behind the next
tooth on a ratchet wheel axially coincident with the sovereign-drum, and in so
doing it presents a hump back to an arm which descends upon it when the next
disc-lever is depressed. The said pawl is thereby driven against the said tooth and
maves the daun
are mire
To prevent the addition-drums being shaken out of position I provide a locking
bar adapted to be operated by the depression of any disc-lever, and to engage with
and lock all the drums.
To prevent any accidental motion of the indicating drums which might be caused
by the till being shaken, as well as to prevent the drums rebounding, and to ensure
perfect depression of the disc-levers, I fix a ratchet wheel on the axis of each
indicating drum. These two ratchet wheels are of different hands. A double
pawl or duplex detent is pivotted to the frane of the till-mechanism in the plane of
each of the said ratchet wheels. When a disc lever is depressed, one pawl of each
double pawl is brought in front of a tooth of one ratchet by such depression-motion;
and a link-and-lever device, operated by the same depression, brings the other pawl
in front of a tooth of the other ratchet. The first axis of the said link-and-lever
mechanism is in a rock-shaft extending across the top of the till-mechanism, and
the connection between the said link-and-lever mechanism and any disc-Jever is
preferably through a vertical rod borne by the horizontal bar of the advertisement-
exhibiting mechanism. An automatic detent is provided to hold the said duplex
detent in the latter of the two positions above mentioned, which detent is withdrawn
by any suitable device operated by the next depression of a disc-lever.
Special devices are provided for controlling the motions of the shilling-keys.
The shank of each key is notched, and the distances separating the notches from
the respective inner ends of the said shanks are differentiated, for the same reason
and on the same lines, as the heights of the vertical rods on the platform levers
before mentioned. When a key is pushed in, it is locked by one of the teeth of
a locking bar, common to that column of shilling-keys, engaging in the notch in
the shank of the said key. The key is released in due course by a finger on a
vertical bar of the advertisement-exhibiting mechanism, engaging, during its down

page_text: motion, a chain of lever mechanism which thereupon disengages the locking bar
from the said key-shank.
Moreover, each key has its own special returning spring, and a special key is
provided for each column, the pushing in which operates the said chain of lever
mechanism, for the purpose of restoring to its normal position a shilling-key which
may have been pushed in in error.
To lock the detent of a shilling-adding drum after the respective key has been
released, I provide a set of toothed locking-levers which have among them as many
teeth as there are steps on the snail. When a detent is pushed towards the
respective snail, it is locked by the respective locking-lever engaging an extension
of the detent within its reach. The next depression of a disc-lever operates.
through a finger on the vertical rod borne preferably by the horizontal bar of the
advertisement-exhibiting mechanism, a bell-crank adapted to disengage the locking-
lever from the said extension.
It must be understood that it is necessary to lock the shilling-indicating drum
when it is not required to be used. When a shilling-key is pushed in, it engages a
bell crank lever the opposite arm of which, through a suitable connection, gives a
slight rotary motion to the rock-shaft at the top of the till-mechanism, when the
said shaft is locked by a special detent. An arm projecting from the opposite side
of the rock-shaft is, at the same time, depressed, thereby freeing a detent which
locks a tooth on a gravity pawl, which pawl has been lifted out of a ratchet on the
shaft of the shilling-drum by the action of the same bell crank which operates the
duplex pawl above mentioned. When a disc-lever is depressed, the said special
detent is disengaged from the rock-shaft, eg., by a finger on the vertical rod borne
by the advertisement-exhibiting mechanism, but the rock-shaft is prevented from
returning by the pushed in key and the connecting mechanism. As the disc-lever
rises again, the special detent again engages the rock-shaft before the said shilling-
key is released.
As an additional check, 1 provide a stud on the shilling-indicating drum, and
adapt a gravity-stop to stand in front of it, so as to stop it at while the duplex
pawl is settling into its place. The gravity-stop is moved out of operative position
by a finger on the vertical rol of the advertisement-exhibiting mechanism or any
other equivalent member of the till-mechanism.
To ensure perfect depression of the disc-levers, provide one or more toothed
plates pivotted to some member of the till mechanism moved vertically by the
depression of a disc-lever. As these plates move downwards, their teeth pass
automatic detents which engage each tooth as it passes. When all the teeth have
passed the detents, the latter free the plates.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Registering Check Tills.
I, EDWARD POWER, of No. 13, Thornhill Square, Islington, in the County
of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in registering check tills, and the objects
of it are to provide for the registration of the exact amount of the purchase,
for the simultaneous exhibition of the amount at the four sides of the till, for the
automatic addition of the amount of each succeeding purchase to the last total,
and for the prevention of uncertain, imperfect, or inaccurate manipulation on the
part of the cashier, as well as of loose motion on the part of any member of
the mechanisins constituting my invention. With the foregoing there may be
combined a changing advertising roller or other device.
The principal distinguishing feature of the invention is this. An indicating
drum is moved to zero by the actuation of the push device (illustrated and
described herein as a disc lever) before it starts upon the motion which terminates
with the presentation of the value number at the sight hole.
In order that the invention and the best means by which it can be carried into
practical effect may be thoroughly understood, I will describe it and them in
detail, referring in so doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken
as part of this Specification and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation after the removal of the cover.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation corresponding with Fig. 1. The two side dials are
omitted from the front of the figure.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the locking plate of the shilling mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the notched plate of the same mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the notched swinging bars of the saine mechanism
with their relative parts.
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a push piece or push in key.
Fig. 7 is a sectional side elevation taken on the line AB of Fig. 1.
Figs. 8 and 9 are, respectively, front and side elevations of the curtain.
Fig. 10 is a sectional plan taken on the line C-D of Fig. 1.
Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a central winding gear.
Fig. 12 is a front elevation of the till with the cover on.
The entire mechanism is contained between two side plates E, E which stand
upon a hollow base which receives the till drawer G.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention as constructed for registering
English currency from pence to sovereigns and exhibiting amounts in pence and
shillings. If it is desired to fit a till with mechanisms for dealing with larger or
smaller amounts such as farthings, halfpence or three farthings, they are provided
of either of the types-lever or push-illustrated and described.
FINGER DISCS.
These are arranged preferably in rows along the front and in columns at the
sides of the till. Those in the row or rows are appropriated to amounts in the
lowest denomination of money with which the till has to deal. Those in
the columns are appropriated to the next higher denomination, and so on with any
others. The total number of discs together with their respective levers or push
rods, and the respective indicating and adding mechanisms, are capable of
modification so as to satisfy the requirements of any particular currency with which
the till is to be used, without departing from the scope of my invention or

page_text: bis a horizontal bar lying underneath the disc levers a'. It is detached as far
as they are concerned from the mechanism of the till, but is kept in touch with
them by any suitable kind of spring or equivalent automatic device.
c, c are two
bell erank levers, one on each side of the till, close to the respective side plate in
which, and close to the back thereof, it has its fulcrum c. Each of these levers
has its returning spring, the function of which is to keep the front end up in
touch with the underside of the horizontal bar & before mentioned. The opposite
or top end of the lever on the left hand of the till-see Fig. 2-is connected
by a link to a winding drum c. (Although there is a bell crank lever c and a
link on each side of the till, I am only referring to those on the left hand side
for the present.
Those on the right hand side, and why they are there, are fully
explained further on.) is a flexible band or a chain having one end fast to the
periphery of the drum and the other end to the periphery of a pulley standing
in the same vertical plane as the drum. This drum rotates on its own axis while
the pulley is fast on the shaft of the pence indicating drum. The latter
stands in a plane at right angles with the front of the till, and its periphery-see
Fig. is set out and marked to correspond with the respective finger discs,
i.e., from 0 to 11. Further, it is so marked with two sets of figures running in
opposite directions, one set being adapted to indicate through a sight hole e" in the
front of the till cover-see Fig. 12,-and the reversed set through a corresponding
sight hole in the back of the cover. The ends of the shaft have their bearings
in the respective side plates E, and through which each end is continued far
enough to receive and carry a pence indicating dial". A sight hole, as c", is
made in each side of the cover. Both these dises are numbered to correspond
with one set of figures on the drum c".
The band is long enough, and is wound in the proper direction, to make the
drum and the dials present at their respective siglit holes every time that a
disc lever is depressed. is a counterpoise adapted to slide up and down a fixed
guide r. It is suspended, by a line 2' which passes over an antifriction pulley.e',
from a pulley fast on the shaft. It is wound up as the drum c is rotated
to 0, and would, consequently, on the release of a disc lever, return the drum to its
original position if nothing were interposed to prevent its so doing.

page_text: under it.
DETENT
MECHANISM.
The drum is caused to stop, and the dials with it, at the right moment,
.e., when the proper figures, ie., those which correspond with the depressed dise
lever, are presented at the respective sight holes, by the following devices. " is a
lever (hereinafter called a platform-lever) under, and in the downward path of each
disc lever excepting the one marked with the highest amount.
These platform
levers have their front ends bent upwards to bring them within reach of the disc
levers, and are pivotted on a rod extending across the till from one side plate to
the other see Figs. 1. 2 and 7,-upon which rod they can move independently of
each other, so that the depression of any disc lever depresses the platform lever
is a transverse bar for the levers and to rest upon. The
opposite-i.e., inner-end of each platform lever carries a vertical rod fast to
it. No two of one set of these rods are of the same height. Each has a convex
top to obviate friction during its engagement with the respective platform next
described. "," are a pair of platforms of equal size. They are both pivotted by
their front edges upon a rod held in the front of the till by the side plates.
are a pair of detents. They are both pivotted upon the rod :', each one
standing above the respective platform. is a bar spring interposed between
each platform and its detent, and is a bolt and nut holding them together so that
they must both move together, although the distance separating them can be
ndjusted.
are two snails fast on the shaft e". They stand immediately
above the noses of the detents respectively. The snail and the left hand
platform relate to the disc levers 0 to 5, while the snail and the right hand
platform relate to the remainder. The contour of each snail is set out according
to the heights of the respective rods
Fig. 1 with Figs. 2 and 7-and the
markings on the drum and the dials . Consequently, when one of the dise
levers eg., the 7d. one-is depressed, the nose of the respective detent
raised into the plane of the snail and stands there in the return path of that step
of the said snail which corresponds with the figures 7 on the drum and the
dials c".
DRUM LOCKING AND RELEASING MECHANISM.
is
This is provided for the purpose of holding the detent in its operative position
as long as may be necessary after the disc lever has been allowed to rise into its
normal position, and of releasing the detent when its work has been accomplished.
y is an automatic locking bar. It extends across the till and is pivotted on a rod '
supported by the two side plates E. It stands normally, e, as illustrated in
Figs. 2 and 7, in the path of the inner ends of the platform levers c", its weight
tending to keep it there. Suitable stops are provided to prevent it dropping below
this. As a platform lever is depressed, its inner end is raised past the locking
bar
which then locks it in its raised position, and consequently its rod c in the
path of the snail then about to return under the action of the counterpoise e¹³.
It is this detention of the said rod in its raised position that provides. by keeping
the nose of the detent in the return path of the particular step on the snail es
which corresponds with the figures above mentioned, for the drum and the
dials to be stopped by the engagement, under the action of the counterpoise c¹³,
of the said nose and step at the moment the said figures are opposite their
respective sight holes.
are releasing levers. One is pivotted on each side plate. Their function
is to disengage the locking bar and platform lever, and this they (or either of
them) accomplish by tilting the former when the next depression of a disc-lever
depresses it or them through the bar . Both levers are returned to their
inoperative position-the one illustrated-by gravity. The disengagement of
platform lever and locking bar is effected quickly enough for the latter
to lock the platform lever of the dise lever which effects the disengagement.

page_text: I do not confine myself to the use of two platforms with two detents and their
respective snails, although such use is convenient. A single platform may be used
with one detent and one snail, the contour of the latter and the heights of the
vertical rods 18 being both modified accordingly.
DRUM WINDING MECHANISM.
Just as the depression of a dise lever is the first act in the chain of operations
which results in the exhibition of an amount in pence at the pence sight holes, so
is it the first act in the chain of operations which results in the exhibition of an
amount in shillings at the shilling sight holes. If the amount to be registered is a
mixed one-say 28. 9d., the depression of the 9d. disc lever will effect the rotation
of both the pence and shilling drums, e" and d, until they exhibit 0 at their
respective sight holes, because they are both actuated by the same winding
drum 10 If the amount has no pence in it-say it is 28.-then the shilling drum
is rotated to 0 by the depression of the 0 disc lever. Its presence provides for
the rotation of the shilling drum and also for the exhibition of 0 at the pence
sight holes.
d is the shilling indicating drum, ', its shaft, and, the side dials-Figs. 1 and 2.
The drum d and the dials are fast upon their shaft d' which is supported in
bearings in the side plates E, in the same way as the pence drum and dials on their
shaft.
These
The drum d has two sets of figures from 0 to 19-the latter figure representing
one less than the number equal to unity in the next higher denomination.
two sets run in opposite directions as, and for the same reason, as set forth with
reference to the pence indicating drum. The side dials are numbered to corre-
spond with the drum d in the same way that the dials correspond, in respect of
their numbering, with the drum c. is a flexible band or chain fast by one end
to the periphery of the winding drum and by the other to the periphery of a
pulley fast on the shaft of the shilling indicating drum, and above the winding
drum eo as the pulley is below it. The band bears the same relation to the
drum d as does the band to the drum c. It is to be noted that both pulleys
and care rotated by one motion of the same winding drum.
y is a counterpoise adapted to slide up and down a fixed guide.r. It is suspended
by a line y, which passes over an antifriction pulley, from a pulley y' fast on
the shaft d'. This counterpoise is wound up as the drum d is rotated to 0, and
would consequently, on the release of the disc lever, return the drum to its original
position if nothing were interposed to prevent it so doing.
DETENT MECHANISM.
The drum d is caused to stop (and the dials d² with it) at the right moment,-
i.e., when the figures representing the amount to be indicated are presented at the
respective sight holes.-by the following devices-sec Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6.
d³, are a series of push pieces or push in keys. They stand out from the front
of the till in two columns somewhat after the manner of the stops of an organ, five
on one side and five on the other, nine of them doing double duty. This provides
for dealing with nineteen numbers, one less in the case of shillings than that which
is equivalent to unity in the next higher denomination. Each columu of push
pieces is carried on a vertical plate d' which is perforated to receive their shanks.
Each perforation is surrounded with a ring or socket which serves as a guide for
the respective shank. The plate d' is made fast to a bar capable of sliding in
guides d. Each plate has as many notches d cut in one side of it as there are
push pieces on it. ', d' are the plates upon which the shilling amounts are set out.
O is omitted. The others follow in the following order, the units interspacing the
tens. 10/-, 1-, 11/- 2/- 12/- 3/- 131-11- 141 IL 156
1617 171

page_text: :
18, 9, and 19/- nine on the left hand, and ten on the right hand plate.
The columns of figures on the plates stand behind the respective columns of
notches and their interspacing tabs a³, so that they can be read according to the
position of the sliding plate d'. If it is down, as illustrated in Fig. 12, the tens
will present themselves because of the way in which they are set out on the plates.
while pushing it up brings the units in view. The number to be indicated aud
registered must be exposed to view before either disc lover or push piece be
operated, otherwise the detent will not be pushed in the path of the proper step of
the snail on the shaft of the shilling drum.
As each push piece-one excepted-in both columns has two operative positions.
the detent mechanism is in duplicate for each column, so that a push piece can, in
either of its positions, stop the shilling drum d. One detent mechanism consists of
a swinging bar, an intermediate bar. the detent proper and the respective snail.
, are the two, or a pair of, swinging bars. They are pivotted upon a pin 2.
Their adjacent sides are notched at equal intervals, so that the interspacing tabs
of one plate stand in the notches of the other of them. These bars hang behind
the respective column of push pieces, so that the latter shall, when pushed in, bear
against the tabs of either bar, according as to whether the said push pieces are up
or down-see Fig. 1. Each bar has a returning spring a bearing upon an inward.
extension of it above its pivot pin.
is an inward projection from each swinging bar dº, d
It bears upon an
intermediate bar is a snail detent. Both bar d and detent 15 turn on
the same pivot.". They are kept a definite distance apart by a spring ", but
provision is made in any suitable way for preventing their being separated by a
greater distance.
dare snails standing, respectively, opposite the two
detents, Both are fast upon the shaft d. Each of them has five steps,
i, as many steps as there are push pieces to control it. The shanks of the push
pieces of one column are all of different lengths. The one next the pivot of
the swinging bars d, is the shortest, the others gradually increasing in length
the farther they are from the said pivot. The lengths of the push pieces and the
contour of the respective snails are so co-related that when the top one is pushed in,
it will make the respective detent d¹³ stand in the return path of the snail step
corresponding with both the top number visible on the plate d' and the same number
on the drum and the dials d. This will be clearly understood by comparing
Figs. 4, 5, and 12. 11/- is the amount to be registered. The plate on the left
hand side of the till is (if necessary) pulled down by the head of any one of its
push pieces. This exposes the amounts 10- to 14/-. The second push piece-the
one standing by the side of 111--is therefore pushed in. It bears upon the fourth
tab, counting from the top in Fig. 4. (It will be remembered that 0 is omitted
from the plate d' on the left side of the till, consequently the top tab on the
swinging bar on the same side, is idle.) The fourth tab is on the swinging
plate, so that the left hand detent d of the pair will be pushed into the return
path of the second step on the left hand snail of the pair on the left side of
the till.
DRUM LOCKING AND RELEASING MECHANISM.
This is provided for the same reason as that which necessitates the one already
described in connection with the pence indicating mechanism. The shank of each
push piece has a notch j cut in the top of it. All these notches are in the same
position on all the shanks, so that when all the push pieces are in the same position,
all the notches are in the same vertical plane. is a locking plate. It has as
many notches cut in one side of it as there are push pieces. This locking plate
held vertically, each notch embracing a shank, by two studs te which pass through
slots vertically opposite to each other in the respective ends of the plate, into
some adjacent stationary part of the till. The slots are long enough to permit of
the locking and releasing motion next described. There is an incline on the
shank of each push piece, and when the latter are in their normal position--the one

page_text: illustrated in Fig. 2-the locking plate bears upon the inclines.
When a push
piece is pushed in, the incline raises the locking plate and the shank passes through
the respective notch until the head of it bears against the socket 2. The notch j
is then in the plane of the locking plate, and the latter is pushed into it by the
spring. The push piece is then locked in its operative position, so that the
respective detent is held in the path of the next mentioned step of the respective
snail which will be ready to return under the influence of the counterpoise y* as
soon as a dise lever has been depressed. It is this holding of the said detent in the
return path of the particular step on the snail which corresponds with the figure 11
on the plate d', that provides for the drum d and the dials of being stopped by the
engagement, under the action of the counterpoise, of the said step with the nose
of the detent at the moment the figures 11 on the said drum and dials are opposite
their respective sight holes.
10 is a releasing lever. It is pivotted to some stationary part of the till so that
its nose shall be in contact with the locking plate. Figs. 1, 2 and 7 show this
contact as being with the bottom of the plate, but this is immaterial provided that
it be adapted to effect the unlocking. The lever 10 is actuated through any
vertically moving member of the till mechanism. is a bent finger projecting
downwards and inwards from some member of the till mechanism which is moved
downwards by the depression of a disc lever. It is shewn as carried by the
advertisement exhibiting mechanism which is described further on. is a pin
standing in the downward path of the bent portion of the finger. It is an inward
projection from a plate which is pivotted upon or to the side plate of the till.
is a pin standing in the path along which the plate will be moved by the descent
of the pin are the, respectively, long and short arms of a bell crank lever.
The fulcrum of the latter is provided in any convenient way. The arm stands
over, and in touch with, the adjacent arm of the lever 10 already described, and
which latter connects with the said arm and the locking plate j¹ on, respectively,
opposite sides of its fulcrum. jis the returning spring of each push piece ;
and w, that of each bar d with its detent 1. is a pin to stop the return motion
of the plate.
The push piece releasing mechanism above described is in duplicate, one on each
side of the till, as illustrated in Fig. 1.
With reference to the drum winding mechanism, it has been pointed out that
both drums are wound to 0 by one and the same mechanism, which latter was
described as consisting of the following members :-(1) a bell crank lever connected
by (2) a link to (3) a winding drum, (4) a band or chain connecting the periphery
of the said drum to that of (5) a pulley fast on the shaft of the pence indicating
drum, and (6) a second band or chain connecting the periphery of the same draum
to that of (7) a second pulley fast on the shaft of the skilling indicating drum.
The details of the mechanism on the left side of the till have already been specified.
Those of the mechanism on the right side are duplicates of that on the other, in
respect both of construction and function, thus :—

page_text: that to a pulley fast on the shaft of the shilling indicating drum. The bell crank
levers and links are dispensed with, and in their stead there are a pulley fast to
the drum g, or on its axis, a second pulley in the same plane and on an axis
supported in any convenient way near the front of the till, and a chain . The
latter is made fast by one end to the periphery of the pulley
It is led over the
latter backwards and then over the pulley 7, and made fust its opposite end to
a vertical rod as indicated at. This rod is a modification of the one illustrated
in Figs. 1 and 2 and described further on. It will be noted that as the rod i is
made fast to the horizontal bar b, the relation between the latter and the winding
mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 7, is not modified.
The correspondences between the modified winding mechanism illustrated in
Fig. 11 and those described in connection with Figs. 1, 2 and 7, are as follows.
With reference to the detent mechanisms of the pence and shilling inechanisms,
respectively, it will be seen that they are both constructed on the same principle.
The differences between them are matters of detail only, and are simply the
consequences of the actuating member being in the one case, a vertical rod on the
end of a lever, and in the other, a horizontal push piece.
The following table sets out the correspondences.
Snails
Detent
Pence
mechanism.
2 or 3
Shilling
mechanism.
1.30
Snails
Detent
Platform
1.18
Spring
Bolt and nut -
Rod
Vertical rod
Weight of c, clo and c
:
Any suitable provision.
Pivot
Bar
Spring
Spring
-
Lever
Lever
Spring
.18
17
l'in
Plate
Push piece
Spring
d³ or to
‹P.
j¹¹
.
are two push pieces, one on each side of the till. If one is pushed in, it
rocks the respective plate to the same extent as the finger. They are to be
used to release any push piece d³ of their respective columns, which may have been
pushed in in error. These two push pieces are shewn in Fig. 12.
If it is required to provide a connecting and indicating mechanism for a still
higher denomination, I prefer to make it of the same type as the shilling indicating
mechanism.
ADDING MECHANISM.
PENCE ADDING MECHANISM.
It is loose
This is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 7. is the pence adding drum.
upon the shaft of the pence indicating drum. Its periphery is set out and
figured from 0 to 11 to correspond with one set of figures on the latter, for
convenience, the one read from the front. is a side ratchet-wheel-and-pawl
gear, the ratchet of which is fast on the shaft, and the pawls on the drum e.
During the time that the drum c is being rotated to 0, the adding drum is
stationary because the shaft has no engagement with it, but as soon as the

page_text: drum begins its return or indicating stroke, under the influence of the counter-
poise e, the ratchet gear locks the drum e to the shaft 23. The drum e is
therefore rotated through the same angle as the drum c. Consequently, when the
drum c is stopped by the engagement of the detent and snail us already described,
the number which the adding drum e will present at its sight hole, will be the sum
of the number standing at such sight hole when the drum was set in motion to 0)
and the number presented by the latter at its eight holes when it stops.
The pence adding drum is illustrated as an annulus fast on the side of a
ratchet wheel &² the arms and boss of which provide for its connection with the
shaft c.
SHILLING ADDING MECHANISM.
This is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 7. e' is a ratchet wheel loose upon the shaft d'.
It has twenty teeth for the same reason that there are twenty markings on the
shilling indicating drum. e is the adding drum. It is illustrated as an annulus
fast on the side of the ratchet wheel e', the arms and boss of which provide for its
connection with the shaft d'. Its periphery is set out and figured from 0 to 19 to
correspond with one set of figures on the shilling indicating drum, for convenience,
with the one read from the front. is a side ratchet-wheel-and-pawl gear, the
ratchet of which is fast on the shaft, the pawls being carried by the wheel..
During the time that the drum d is being rotated to 0, the adding drum es is
stationary, because the shaft has no engagement with it, but as, soon as the
drum begins its return or indicating stroke under the influence of the counter-
poise c, the ratchet-wheel-and-pawl gear locks the drum e to the shaft d'. The
said drum is therefore rotated through the same angle as the drum d. Consequently,
when the Intter is stopped by the engagement of the detent and snail already
described, the number which the adding drum eª will present at its sight hole, will
be the sum of the number standing at such sight hole when the drum d was set. in
motion to 0 and the number presented by the latter at its sight holes when it stops.
It will be noted that the two adding mechanisms above described are constructed
on the same principle.
CARRYING A SHILLING FROM THE PENCE TO THE SHILLING ADDING
MECHANISM.
of the pence adding
is a bell crank lever
is a pin projecting from the side of the ratchet wheel
mechanism, at a point exactly opposite 0 on the drum c. e
the fulcrum of which is provided in any suitable way. The lower arm stands in
the path of the pine, and the upper one carries a hooked arm, or step-and-fetch-it,
which is pivotted to or upon the outer end thereof. This step-and-fetch-it stands
in the same plane as the ratchet wheel e' of the shilling adding mechanism, with
which it is kept engaged by a spring 27 is a rigid finger depending from the
axis of the bell crank lever e', and is an arm fast to the rod which carries the
bell crank levers c'. This arm stands in the same plane as the finger. There-
fore, as the drum presents 0 at its sight holes, the pin e engages the lever e, and
as 0 is moved away, the step-and-fetch-it is moved to the front of the till over
one tooth of the wheel, and the finger left rear the arm
The next
depression of a di-e lever causes the arm to engage the finger and, through:
the bell crank lever e, to move the wheel the distance of one tooth from its
neighbour. The members and are proportioned accordingly.
ARRYING A POUND FROM THE SHILLING ADDING MECHANISM TO THE
SOVEREIGN REGISTERING DRUM.

page_text: the end of a shaft w.
is
adding mechanism with which it has to co-operate. * is a ratchet wheel fast
to the sovereign drum and having as many teeth as the drum has divisions. e' is
a pin projecting from the side of the drum at a point thereon opposite to 0 on
the periphery of the latter. eis a lever pivotted on a fixed fulcrum s, and
a projection depending from it and standing in the path of the pin is a
gravity pawl in the plane of the wheel. It has its pivot at on some
convenient member of the tili, and consists of two parts pivotted together, so that
when it is engaged with its ratchet wheel it presents a hump back. The pawl
and lever are connected as follows. is a pin fast to the axis of the pawl and
standing between two pins, on the lever el. -see Figs. 1 and 7-is a plate
standing over the hump back. It is one arm of a lever having its fulcrum in
The other arm is held "P in its normal position by a spiral
spring u. The plate is adapted to be brought down upon the hump back so as
to straighten it out, by the depression of any disc lever acting through a convenient
chain of mechanism. The one illustrated is as follows. is a finger pivotted
upon the rod -see Fig. 1. is a lever bent to a right angle. Its two arins
meet in a collar loose on the shaft. °. The front and lighter arm stands under the
finger u. The longer and heavier one stands under the free end of a spring bar
detent . is a cam fast on the shaft in front of the said detent. is a
finger projecting to the front from a collar fast on the shaft 3, and standing under
a second finger likewise fast on the rod b. When a disc lever is depressed, the
finger depresses the front arm of the lever, throws the detent up and keeps
it up.
The finger engages the finger and rocks the plate up against the
pull of the spring. As the drum e presents 0 at its sight holes, the pin e
engages the projection, and as 0 is moved away, the lever lifts the pawl"
and moves its nose backwards over one tooth of the ratchet wheel /* The
fingers and having freed and 8, the spring u' brings the plate down upon
the hump back with an action similar to that of a spring hammer, and straightens
it out, the pawl moving the wheel the distance of one tooth from its neighbour.
The members elo, and fare proportioned accordingly.
The carrying devices are both behind and above and below their respective
ratchets, one being a step-and-fetch-it, and the other, a hump-back. Their
respective positions, as well as their positions relatively to the ratchets, may be
varied, but those illustrated may be regarded as the most convenient.
MOTION CONTROLLING AND CHECKING MECHANISMS.
MECHANISM FOR SECURING PERFECT DEPRESSION OF THE DISC LEVERS.
Referring to Fig. 1, m is a plate of an elliptical shape. It is fast, with its major
axis nearly vertical, upon a horizontal bar. This bar is connected to the row of
dise levers, so that it will move with any of them, by a rod the opposite ends of
which are made fast to the bars and b, respectively. is a bell crank lever (it
may be a vertical arm only) pivotted upon a fixed stud »'. Its vertical arın can be
moved either to the right or the left, but a spring-controlled stop n², and such
other spring devices as may be necessary, are provided to return it to its normal
position. is a detent or tooth fast upon the front of the arm and in the plane
of the plate m.
The latter.has a rack cut along one of its sides, its teeth pointing
upwards and that on the bar a downwards and, as to lateral direction, away from
the rack. The tooth stands a little to one side of the bottom of the plate in the
direction of the rack. Consequently, when a disc lever is depressed, the rack on
the said plate passes the tooth which engages it tooth by tooth, so locking the
bar down and preventing the premature return of the bell crank levers c-see
Fig. 1. But so soon as the depression of a disc lever is perfect, the pointed top of
the plate m stands below the tooth n², to which it presents its plain side. The
plate and bar i are forthwith returned by any convenient device, e.g., by the one
de-cribed with reference to the advertisement exhibiting mechanism. It will be

page_text: noticed that the above described mechanism for securing perfect depression is in
duplicate.
ADDITIONAL DETENT MECHANISM FOR THE SHILLING SNAILS.
This is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7, and its object is to prevent any
vibrating motion which may be set up in a detent d by too quick a push on a
push piece leading to the locking of the wrong snail. It is in duplicate, one to
each column of push pieces. k, k are a set of four toothed racks. They are all
pivotted by their rear ends in line. They have distributed amongst then as many
teeth as there are steps on their respective snail. is a lateral extension on the
foot of each swinging bar d³, d. These extensions are in touch with the racks k.
is a swinging finger on the rod -see Fig. 1. is a plate fast on the rock
shaft. The inner edge is bevelled and is in the path of the finger k. ® is a
finger projecting inwardly from the rock shaft upon which it is fast. It stands
under the horizontal pin which projects from a downward extension of the
adjacent rack k. is a lifting pin projecting from an outside rack under the noses
of the other three of the set. Therefore, when a detent is pushed into the path
of its respective snail-step, the engagement of the lateral extension of the
respective swinging bar with the respective tooth constitutes a second locking.
This is unlocked by the finger rocking the shaft (common to both the
additional mechanisms) and making the finger & throw up the locking rack. If
the push piece in question has been driven in 100 energetically, the detent d will
be locked by one of the racks too near the axis of the snail and in front of the
wrong step. But the rapid descent of the swinging finger will lift the rack k
and so allow the returning spring to to pull the detent back into its proper place
with its intermediate bar in touch with the push piece. The rack will then again
lock the swinging bar in its proper position.
MECHANISM FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTAL MOTION OR REBOUNDING ON
one h¹.
THE PART OF THE INDICATING DRUMS.
See Figs. 1 and 7. is a double ratchet wheel, i.e., two ratchet wheels (one
larger than the other) side by side and fast together, their respective teeth pointing
in opposite directions. It is fast on the shaft of the pence indicating drum c.
is a duplex pawl, one half of it engaging with one half of the double ratchet
wheel, and the other half with the other. It is pivotted on a fixed stud 12.
is a second but single ratchet wheel. It is fast on the shaft d' of the shilling
indicating drum. is its duplex pawl and is of the same construction as the
It is pivotted upon a fixed stud /. When a duplex pawl is up as far as
it will go, its lower half engages with the under side of the respective ratchet
wheel; and when it is down as far as it will go, its upper half engages with the
top side of the said wheel. Both pawls engage with their respective ratchets in
one- -the downward-direction by gravity, but they are engaged in the other by
the depression of a disc lever acting through the chain of mechanism next
described.
is a cranked lever having its fulcrum in the rock shaft upon which
it is loose and are the arms of a bell crank lever which has its fulcrum
upon a fixed studs supported in any convenient way. The arm is always in
contact with the cranked arm of the lever and the arms, with the
pawls, respectively. Therefore, when a disc lever is depressed, the hori-
zontal bar engages the front end of the lever and the lower halves of the pawls
are engaged with their respective ratchets, and are locked in that position by
detents dropping in front of teeth 13. The latter are projections upon
the top edges of the two pawls h', ', respectively. The detents are disengaged
from the respective pawls by the depression of a dise lever acting through the
following chain of mechanism. is a swinging uger pivotted upon any con-
venient member of the till-mechanism which is moved downwards by the depression
i
"

page_text: of a disc lever. It is shewn in Figs. 1 and 7 as being pivotted upon a block on
the rod b, one of a pair described further on. It is kept in its operative position
the one illustrated-by a stop and a spring both shewn-the latter in dotted
lines in Fig. 7. 7 is a lever having its fulcrum on a fixed point. The front
end of this lever stands in the same plane as, and immediately under, the finger iº.
is a bell crank lever having its fulcrum on a fixed pivot s. 10, are the
detents and 3, the teeth already referred to. These two detents are connected
together in such a way that they can both be raised vertically together. Suitable
slot and stud devices are provided to serve as guides. is a pin fast to the
detent and over and in touch with the top arm of the lever Therefore, at
an early stage in the depression of a disc lever, the detents 0, "are lifted out of
engagement with their respective pawls, thereby freeing the ratchets /, /³.
MECHANISM FOR RELEASING THE DETENT OF THE LOCKING PAWL OP THE
SHILLING INDICATING DRUM.
This detent has a vertical motion independent of its fellow detent". That is
to say, although the two are lifted together by the bell crank lever P, the detent,1º
can be moved vertically without its fellow detent. To provide for the detent
being dropped into the path of the tooth after it has been lifted therefrom, the
following mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1 and 7, is provided. is a cranked lever
behind each column of shilling push pieces . It is fast to a vertical pivot A".
which has its bearings in suitable brackets s'. is an arm fast to and depending
from the rock shaft within the reach of the top of the lever, which top is shaped
suitably for rocking the adjacent end of the arm k up whenever a push piece bears
against the lever. There is a lever, vertical pivot and arm for cach
column of push pieces. is an arm fast on the rock shaft, and 40 is a bell
crank lever adapted to engage and lock, under the influence of a suitable spring,.
the said arm when it is rocked to the front. is a swinging arm hanging from
the top of the rod already described, over the adjacent leg of the lever
is an arm fast to the rock shaft from which it projects in the direction of the
detent, and with which it connects by passing through a hook or loop formed
in the top of the rod fast to the said detent. Therefore, when a push piece d³ is
pushed in, the rock shaft is moved upwards and backwards for a short distance,
far enough to leave the detent 10 unsuspended from the end of the arm. The
rock shaft is returned by the next descent of the rod tripping the bell crank
lever through the finger
ADDITIONAL CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR THE SHILLING INDICATING
DRUM.
This is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. is a stud on the inside of the shilling
indicating drum d. is a lever having its fulcrum at l². One end of the lever
stands within the drum, and is weighted to stand normally always in front of the
stop which latter is so positioned that it comes into contact with the lever when 0
is presented. This stopping gives the pawl time to settle into position. Pis a
block fast on the rod and adapted in point of length and position to move the
lever from before the stud at the right moment.
MECHANISM FOR PREVENTING THE ADDITION DRUMS BEING SHAKEN
OUT OF POSITION.
This is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 7.
First, as to the pence drum. is a detent pivotted on any convenient fixed
member of the till, c.g., a barg as illustrated in Fig. 7. is a slider adapted to
move vertically upon guiding studs which pass through slots into the bar

page_text: through the front of the cover, as shown in Fig. 12, which also shews the sight
holes for the shilling values, the sight holes for the shilling and pence indicating
drums, and the lock up door permitting inspection of the adding up drums.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination of drums and dials adapted to be moved synchronously by
the actuation of the value indicating lever or push and to exhibit the said value
on the four sides of a registering till.
2. The combination of a disc lever, bell lever adapted to be operated by its
depression, winding drum and bands or chaius adapted to wind a value indicating
drum to 0.
3. The combination of a disc-lever, bell lever adapted to be operated by its
depression, winding drums and bands or chains adapted to wind the value indicating
drums to 0.
4. The combination of a winding drum, a value indicating drum, connection
between the two, and a counterpoise by which the latter drum can be returned.
5. The combination of a disc lever, a platform lever under it, a vertical rod on
the end thereof, a pivotted platform adapted to be engaged by the said vertical
rod, a snail detent upon the said platform and a snail upon the axis of the value
indicating drum.
6. The combination of a bank of disc-levers, a bank of platform levers under it,
a series of vertical rods upon the respective ends of the platform levers, one or
more pivotted platforms adapted to be engaged by such of the said vertical rods as
are under them, snail detents, and snails, the lengths of the said vertical rods being
correlated with the values on the disc-levers and the respective steps on the
snails.
7. The combination of a bank of disc-levers with a locking bar adapted to be
operated as and for the purpose set forth.
8. The combination of push keys, value indicating drum, winding gear and snail
and detent gear.
9. The respective combinations of the value indicating drums and the automatic
adding mechanisms with reference to their respective purposes, as set forth.
10. The combination of value indicating drum mechanism to which a double
motion is imparted with an adding mechanism automatically operated therefrom, as
set forth.
11. The automatically operated adding mechanism adapted to deal with three
values, as set forth and illustrated.
12. The controlling mechanisms or any of them adapted in combination with
value indicating drum mechanism possessed of a double motion, to prevent
accidental motion in the said mechanism and to lock it, as they are severally set
forth.
13. The combination with an automatic adding mechanism driven from a value
indicating mechanism, of a controlling mechanism adapted to prevent accidental or
inconvenient motion in the former, as set forth.
14. The special controlling mechanisms for controlling the normal motions of the
shilling keys, as set forth.
15. The combination with push in keys, their value-adding drum, a snail and
detent mechanism operating between the two, of special locking gear, and toothed
locking levers toothed according to the steps on the snail, as set forth.
16. The combination of an external value key or lever to be pushed in or
pressed down according to the respective construction, a portion of or mechanical
member of a length correlated therewith, a snail and a detent, the movement of the
detent being likewise correlated with the said value and length as respectively se
forth with reference to the accompanying drawings.
17. The combination of an external value key or lever to be pushed in or

page_text: pressed down according to the respective construction, a portion of or mechanical
member of a length correlated therewith, a snail and a detent, the movement of
the detent being likewise correlated with the said value and length, and locking
mechanism as respectively set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings.
18. The combination with a bank of disc levers of a toothed plate and an auto- 5
matic detent mechanism, as set forth.
Dated this 17th day of Fahru 1800
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.