Improvements in Machines for Ruling Lines on Paper or other similar Material.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 8th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Jan., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Ruling Lines on Paper or other
similar Material.
We, ARTHUR GEORGE DAWSON of 14 Ivy Lane, London, E.C., Publisher, and
FRANK EDWARD ADAMS of Cottage Lane, Macclesfield, Manager, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
paper
For ruling lines on paper or similar material we use threads or wires which are
held in tension and which have ink applied to their surfaces. The
which is to
be ruled is pressed against the wires and made to travel past them in the direction of
their length thereby causing a transfer of ink from the wires to the paper.
Preferably we employ a series of parallel wires either round wires or wires
flattened to a fine edge and held in a state of tension within a frame to which a slow
reciprocating to and fro motion is imparted so that each part of the length of the
wires may in turn be brought into contact with the paper. The sheets of paper as
they are being brought into contact with the wires are held against the circumference
of a cylinder or series of discs on a revolving axis.
The wires in the reciprocating frame are at right angles to this axis and if discs are
used the discs at one point of their circumference protrude somewhat between the
wires without coming into contact with them.
On each side of the cylinder or series of discs is an ink pad with which the wires
are kept in contact so that in whichever direction the wires are being moved they
receive a supply of ink before they are brought into contact with the paper which is
being carried round by the cylinder or discs.
Preferably we arrange the machine in such manner that there is one endway
movement of the frame carrying the stretched wires for each sheet to be ruled.
The sheets of paper may if desired be ruled in this way first on one side
and subsequently on the opposite side before being delivered from the ruling
machine.
Dated this 17th day of March 1887
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Ruling Lines on Paper or other
similar Material,
We, ARTHUR GEORGE DAWSON, of 14 Ivy Lane, London, E.C., Publisher, and
FRANK EDWARD ADAMS of Cottage Lane, Macclesfield, Manager, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
For ruling lines on paper or similar material we use threads or wires which are
held in tension and which have ink applied to their surfaces. The paper which is to
be ruled is pressed against the wires and made to travel past them in the direction of
their length thereby causing a transfer of ink from the wires to the paper.
Preferably we employ a series of parallel wires either round wires or wires flattened
to a fine edge and held in a state of tension within a frame to which a reciprocating
to and fro motion is imparted so that each part of the length of the wires may in turn
be brought into contact with the paper. The sheets of paper as they are being
brought into contact with the wires are held against the circumference of a cylinder
or series of discs on a revolving axis.
The wires in the reciprocating frame are at right angles to this axis and if discs are
used the discs at one point of their circumference protrude somewhat between the
wires without coming into contact with them.
On each side of the cylinder or series of discs is an ink pad with which the wires
are kept in contact so that in whichever direction the wires are being moved they
receive a supply of ink before they are brought into contact with the paper which is
being carried round by the cylinder or discs."
Preferably we arrange the machine in such manner that there is one endway
movement of the frame carrying the stretched wires for each sheet to be ruled.
The sheets of paper may if desired be ruled in this way first on one side
and subsequently on the opposite side before being delivered from the ruling
machine.
The drawings annexed shew various views of a machine for ruling lines on
paper in the above manner. The machine shown is adapted to produce continuous
ruling.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine and Figure 2 a side elevation partly in
section of some of its parts.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the machine with the feed board and delivery board
removed so that the other parts may be seen clearly.
Figure 4 is an end view of the frame which carries the wires and of the lever by
which it is moved to and fro. Figure 5 is a side elevation on a larger scale of the
two ends of this frame and Figure 6 a plan view of part of same to show how the
wires are stretched tightly along it. Figure 7 is an elevation of part of a series of
discs or rollers by which the paper is held against the inked wires. Figure 8 is an

page_text: elevation on a larger scale of the mechanism by which movement is given to the
band W. Figures 9 and 10 shew sections of two appliances by which ink can he
applied to the surfaces of the wires. Figure 11 is a side elevation and Figure 12 a
plan of one of the rollers N used for feeding forward the sheets of paper and the
wire loop V which only allows it to revolve in one direction.
A are wires stretched in a frame B-they are set at distances apart corresponding
with the distances required between the lines to be ruled.
The frame B is mounted on wheels which run on rails D) and is moved to and fro
along these rails by a connecting rod E passing from it to a crank pin on the driving
shaft F.
The crank piu can be set nearer to or further from the shaft according to the extent
of travel required.
GG are discs mounted at distances apart upon an axis H. Some of the discs are
made broader than others and over these broader discs carrying tapes or threads 1 are
made to pass. The broader ones are placed where there is an absence of ruling wires
such as at the margins.
The carrying tapes are also passed over rollers Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
Jis a table upon which a pile of paper to be ruled is supported-it rests! on
rollers K L so that it can be shifted backwards or forwards-the front roller is also
carried by levers M which work stiffly so that by raising or lowering the longer
arm of the lever the front of the table can be lowered or raised to set it at any height
desired.
Any suitable mechanism may be used for feeding forward the sheets of paper one by
one from the pile. In the arrangement shewn in the drawing they are pushed
forward by rollers N covered with vulcanized india rubber and mounted at distances
apart from one another on an axis 0-this axis is carried by arms P which turn
freely on a bar Q forming part of a small carriage which runs to and fro on rails R.
It is moved to and fro by connecting rods S passing to levers T-these levers are
rocked by connecting rods passing from them to a crank pin on an axis U-this axis
as shown at Figure 1 is geared with the main axis F so as to make two revolutions
for each revolution of that axis.
The rollers N rest upon the uppermost sheet of the pile of paper and when moved
forwards towards the axis H act as pushers to thrust forwards the uppermost sheet
the rollers at this time being prevented from turning by wire loops V but when the
rollers are drawn backwards they revolve freely the wires V not impeding them from
turning in the direction in which they would then revolve.
As each sheet of paper is pushed forwards from off the top of the pile its front edge
comes between the threads or tapes I and the discs G and it is carried round by thein
and brought into contact with the wires A the frame carrying the wires having at the
same time an endway movement given to it in one direction or the other so that
a newly inked surface of the wires shall always be brought into contact with the
paper.
The threads or tapes I may have motion given to them in any suitable manner-in
the drawing they are shown to have motion given to them by endless bands W which
pass under the outermost discs G and also over the circumference of the rollers 2,
3, 46 and 5. The endless bands Ware themselves driven by clips X on each side of
the travelling carriage B. When the carriage is moved in one direction the upper-
most clip nips the band and carries it along with it and when the carriage is moved
in the opposite direction the lower clip nips the band and carries it onwards in the
same direction in which it was before moving. The sheets of paper after being
brought into contact with the wires and ruled by them are conveyed by the threads
or tapes below the roller Y' and discharged on to a collecting table Y.
The wires have ink supplied to them by inked pads or rollers resting upon them at
the points ZZ Figure 1-these inking appliances may conveniently be formed either
in the way shown at Figure 9 or in that shown in Figure 10. In Figure 9 the ink is
supplied from a trough Z by a wick Z' to a pad Z that rests on the wires. In
Figure 10 revolving rollers are substituted for the pads Z³.

page_text: If lines of various colors are to be used an ink trough for each separate color would
have to be provided.
In some cases in place of the wires being made to rule on paper when travelling
in each direction they may be arranged to rule only when travelling in one
direction.
If also it is required that the machines should be capable of ruling lines which are
not continuous on the sheets but with the lines divided at places and blank spaces
left between the various sub-divisions of the lines means may be added to the machine
for carrying the wires downwards away from the paper whenever a blank is to be left
in the lines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In machines for ruling lines the use of stretched wires which have an endway
motion given to them and which are alternately inked and brought into contact with
sheets of paper or other material to be ruled whilst such sheets are made to travel in a
direction parallel with the wires whereby the wires are made to transfer the ink in
lines on to the sheets.
2. The use of a series of revolving discs G set at distances apari and opposite to the
spaces between the wires for supporting the sheets of paper or other material as the
wires bear against them.
3. The construction of machines for ruling lines on paper or other similar material
substantially in the manner herein before described and illustrated in the drawings
annexed.