IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN PARTS OF MACHINES USED FOR PREPARING, SLUBBING, AND ROVING COTTON AND FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Healey, Engineer, and John Foster and
John Lowe, Spindle Makers, all of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN PARTS OF
MACHINES USED FOR PREPARING, SLUBBING, AND ROVING COTTON AND
FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 29th August 1854; and dated the 22nd March 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said. John Healey, John
Foster, and John Lowe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 22nd March 1854.
We, JOHN HEALEY, Engineer, and JOHN FOSTER and JOHN LOWE, Spindle
Makers, all of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN PARTS OF
MACHINES USED FOR PREPARING, SLUBBING, AND ROVING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to that part of machines used for the above-
mentioned purposes, termed the "flyer," and to that class of flyers known as
presser flyers. It consists in a novel combination and arrangement of presser
flyer, in which the presser lever has its fulcrum on one side of the leg of the
flyer. Its peculiarity consists, in the first place, in using, to effect the pressure
by the lever, elastic force obtained from axial torsion of a single or from
several twisted strands of elastic material; that which we find at present to
be the best being twisted strands of small steel wire, applied by fixing one
end of the twisted strands at the upper part of the leg of the flyer, and tho
other in the axis or fulcrum of the presser lever. The second feature of
novelty consists in an arrangement, by which the force acting upon the presser

page_text: lever may be readily adjusted to the required amount, which we at present
accomplish by making the centre or fulcrum of the presser lever with a hole
through it, and by using a "bush," (which is inserted and fitted to be moveable
in the hole in the axis or fulcrum of the presser lever,) having ratchet teeth
formed in its collar; to this bush the end of the twisted strands are attached.
With this arrangement, and by means of a stop fixed in the presser lever and
made to take into the ratchet teeth, a greater or less degree of twist or torsion
may be put on the strand or strands of elastic material employed. So far we
have referred only to single presser flyers; but there is no difficulty or impedi-
ment which will prevent the application of the combination and arrangement
described to each leg of presser flyers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Healey, John Foster, and John Lowe in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 21st September 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
HEALEY, Engineer, and JOHN FOSTER and JOHN LOWE, Spindle Makers, all of
Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said John
Healey, John Foster, and John Lowe, Her special license that we, the said
John Healey, John Foster, and John Lowe, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Healey, John Foster, and John
Lowe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CERTAIN PARTS OF MACHINES USED FOR PREPARING, SLUBBING, AND ROVING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Healey, John Foster, and John Lowe, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we; the said John Healey, John Foster, and
John Lowe, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawing
(that is to say):-
**
These improvements relate to that part of machines herein-before referred
to termed the "flyer," and to that class of flyers known as presser flyers,"
and our Invention consists in a novel combination and arrangement of
presser flyer," in which the presser lever has its fulcrum on one side of the
leg of the flyer. Its peculiarity consists, in the first place, in using, to
effect the pressure by the lever, elastic force obtained from a number of twisted
strands or folds of wire or other elastic material; and in the second place, its
peculiarity consists in an arrangement by which the elastic force acting upon
The
the presser lever may be regulated and adjusted to the required amount.
Drawing hereunto annexed shews, and will assist us to explain, the modes in
which we carry our Invention into effect. Fig. 1 is a side view, and Fig. 2, a
view, looking at the bottom of the flyer of one arrangement; Fig. 3 is a side
view; and Fig. 4, a view, looking at the top of the flyer of another arrange-
ment. It will be seen that the flyers delineated in the Drawing are of the
common form, the legs of which are marked a; from the bottom of one of the
legs (in single pressers) and on one side a projection (a') is soldered or other-
wise secured, which carries the fulcrum of the presser lever b; at the upper.
end of the same leg of the flyer carrying the presser lever, another projecting
piece a is soldered or otherwise secured. In the method shewn in Fig. 1 and 2,
the wires d are looped on a pin or hook, fixed or formed in a projecting
piece a at one end, and the other end is secured in a bush c, forming the axis
or fulcrum of the presser lever by a pin passing through the bush and the loop
at the lower end of the wires d. The head of the bush c, it will be seen by
Fig. 2, is countersunk in the lever b, and is formed with ratchet teeth on its
edge, and provided with a groove, that it may be turned with a screw-driver.
It is by means of the ratchet teeth formed in the head of the bush c that an
adjustment of the elastic force on the lever is to be effected, a small click or
panel having its fulcrum fixed in the lever b, and taking into the ratchet teeth,
being employed to prevent reaction in the twisted wires; when thus arranged,
it will be seen that the action and elastic force of the twisted wires will tend
to press the lever 6 upon the spool or bobbin (a), or upon the sliver or
material, as it is wound upon it. The reaction of the lever b is restricted to
the point required by the nib b', formed on the lever coming against the leg of
the flyer.
Figs. 3 and 4 shew another method, wherein the arrangement for

page_text: adjustment is placed at the top of the leg of the flyer; the lower ends of the
twisted wires are secured to the fulcrum of the lever b, and the other ends are
secured to a bush c, corresponding to that shewn in Fig. 1 and 2, fitting into the
projecting piece a³; the small pawl (b), to prevent reaction in the twisted wires,
having its fulcrum on the projecting piece a², the end of the bush being formed
to allow of a box or other screw key being used for adjusting the pressure.
For flyers of the size shewn in the Drawing (which are drawn full size), we
use four-fold of the best steel wire, No. 23 common wire gauge, and obtain its
due action by causing it to be held in tension. It will be obvious that the
arrangement of presser lever described may be applied to each leg of presser
flyers.
We have now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the
manner in which it may be best carried into effect; but as we stated in our
Provisional Specification that the peculiarity of our Invention consisted in the
first place, in using, to effect the pressure on the lever of " presser flyers,"
elastic force obtained from axial torsion of a 'single or from several twisted
strands of elastic material," we wish it to be understood that since the filing
of the said Provisional Specification we have found that axial torsion of a
single strand or of one wire cannot be made practically useful, and we there-
fore make no claim in respect of it. But claim,-
Firstly, as secured to us and as our Invention, presser flyers, wherein the
elastic force to effect the pressure is obtained from twisted strands or folds of
wire or other suitable elastic material, after the manner herein-before described.
And, secondly, the arrangements herein-before described for effecting the
adjustment of the elastic force upon the levers (b) of presser flyers.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Healey, John Foster, and John
Lowe, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eleventh day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-four.
JOHN HEALEY. (L.S.)
JOHN FOSTER. (L.S.)
JOHN LOWE.
(L.S.)
JOHN
HEALEY. (L.S.)
JOHN FOSTER.
(L.S.)
JOHN LOWE.
(L.S.)