Improvements in Dynamos and Electro-motors.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Feb., 1891-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dynamos and Electro-motors.
I, EMILE SECHEHAYE, of 11, Queen's Terrace, St. John's Wood, in the
County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
According to my invention I construct dynamos or electro-motors as follows:-
I construct the field magnets of two cores of horse shoe form with the ends
of their limbs abutting against each other, such cores being built up of a series
of plates of the requisite length, breadth and thickness, which are bent succes-
sively over each other in horse shoe form in such number as to obtain the
required combined thickness, and they are then secured together by rivetting or
other means.
These cores, provided with their windings are fixed on the bed plate or framing
of the machine, either in a horizontal or vertical position, and to the bed plate are
also fixed the bearers for the armature spindle.
The armature core is built up of iron discs clamped together by means of a
casting in the shape of a tube, fixed on the armature spindle, and having a flange
or disc at each end, one of which may be formed on the tube, while the other is
screwed thereon, so as to clamp the loose discs, which are threaded on the tube,
firmly between the two flanges.
The brush gear consists of one part which is centred on the shaft bearing, on the
commutator side, and which has two arms terminating in split clasps which carry
two insulated spindles bent at right angles and carrying the brush holders as will
be presently described, pins fixed parallel to the spindles serving to determine the
position of the brush holders and also to keep the brushes out of contact when the
machine is not in use.
The accompanying drawings shew a construction of dynamos and electro-motors
embodying my before described improvements.
Figure 1 shews a longitudinal section, Figure 2 a plan and Figure 3 an
end view.
The construction here shewn is one with horizontal field magnets. The
cores A. A of the magnets are built up of a series of bent plates a a a of horse-shoe
form fitted closely one over the other, and secured together by rivets, the two
cores being fixed to the base B by screws C C, so that the ends of their limbs butt
against each other.
The abutting ends of the limbs are bored out as shewn at Figure 3 to receive the
ua of the cores
cylinder armature D; to facilitate this operation, the several plates
are by preference made of such a length as to form when fixed together, approxi-
mately the cylindrical hollow required, and when the cores are fixed to the base
and have their upper limbs firmly tied together by a plate E and screws F, the
cylindrical hollows are accurately turned in a lathe to a diameter slightly exceeding
that of the armature windings. G G are the windings of the field magnets, of the
usual construction.
The armature spindle H is carried in pedestal bearings I I' and has fixed upon
it the armature core, composed firstly of a tubular part J having two end
flanges JJ of which J¹ is fixed or formed in one with J, while J' is screwed on
the threaded end thereof and secondly of a number of iron discs K slid with a
central hole upon J and clamped closely side by side by screwing up the flange J³.
The windings of the armature are effected in any suitable known manner such as the
"Von Hefner-Alteneck" system. Or in place of a cylinder armature of the above
described construction may be used a Gramme ring of known construction.

page_text: LL is the commutator and M M the commutator brushes, the holders of which
are arranged as follows:-Upon the cylindrical neck of the bearing I is mounted
the rotatable carrier N, the opposite arms of which terminate in two split
clasps N N', lined with insulating material and receiving the spindles O, O, which
are nipped tight therein by means of screws, an, when they have been adjusted in
position. The spindles O O are bent up at a right angle as shewn at Figure 2.
Upon the radial parts of the spindles are fitted loose the brush holders P P in
which the brushes M M are secured by means of screws Q Q. The outer ends of
the spindles OO are threaded, and upon them are fitted screw nuts R R and
between these and the brush holders are interposed helical springs S S so that by
adjusting the screw nuts R the springs are made to press the brushes M with greater
or less force upon the commutator L.
On the spindles OO are fixed pins oo, bent up so as to be parallel thereto,
which pins enter holes of somewhat larger size in the brush holders, so that the pins
hold the brush holders in position upon the spindle with a sufficient amount of play
to allow the brushes M to adjust themselves to the surface of the commutator, so
as to obtain perfect contact. When the machine is not in use, the brushes are
held out of contact by drawing back their holders against the action of their
springs S until they are free of the pins », and then turning them round until the
pins bear with their ends in small recesses in the end surfaces of the holders,
thus holding the brushes securely out of contact.
The holes and recesses in the brush holders are made in duplicate on opposite
sides, in order to enable the position of the brushes to be reversed, when it is
desired to reverse the motion of the machine.
The carrier N, when adjusted in position for giving the brushes the requisite
lead, is secured in position by a setting screw T, the end of which enters a
V groove in the neck of the bearing I.
Ü U are sockets fixed on the spindles O, for receiving the ends of the wire leads
from the screw terminals P P fixed on the plate E.
The spindles O being securely held in the split nipping sockets N¹ the screw
nuts and lock nuts on the outer ends thereof, such as are usually employed for
fixing them, are dispensed with, and consequently as the ends of the spindles can
pass closely behind the standards of the bearing I, the length of the machine can
be reduced to an extent corresponding to the height of such nuts.
Dated this 22nd day of May 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dynamos and Electro-motors.
I, EMILE SECHEHAYE, of 11, Queen's Terrace, St. John's Wood, in the County
of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
According to my invention I construct dynamos or electro motors as follows:—
I construct the field magnets of two cores of horse shoe form with the ends of
their limbs abutting against each other, such cores being built up of a series of
plates of the requisite length, breadth, and thickness, which are bent successively
over each other in horseshoe form in such number as to obtain the required
combined thickness and they are then secured together by rivetting or other
means.
These cores, provided with their windings are fixed on the base plate or framing
of the machine, either in a horizontal or vertical position, and to the bed plate are
also fixed the bearers for the armature spindle.

page_text: The armature core is built up of iron discs clamped together by means of a
casting in the shape of a tube, fixed on the armature spindle, and having a flange
or disc at each end, one of which may be formed on the tube, while the other is
screwed thereon, so as to clamp the loose discs, which are threaded on the tube
firmly between the two flanges.
The brush gear consists of one part which is centred on the shaft bearing on the
commutator side, and which has two arms terminating in split clasps which carry
two insulated spindles bent'at right angles and carrying the brush holders as will
be presently described, pins fixed parallel to the spindles serving to determine the
position of the brush holders and also to keep the brushes out of contact when the
machine is not in use.
The drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification shew a construction of
dynamos and electro motors embodying my before described improvements.
Figure 1 shews a longitudinal section, Figure 2 a plan and Figure 3 an
end view.
The construction here shewn is one with horizontal field magnets. The cores AA
of the magnets are built up of a series of bent plates a a a of horse shoe form
fitted closely one over the other, and secured together by rivets, the two cores
being fixed to the base B by screws C C, so that the ends of their limbs butt
against each other.
The abutting ends of the limbs are bored out as shewn at Fig. 3 to receive the
cylinder armature D; to facilitate this operation, the several plates a a of the
cores are by preference made of such a length as to form when fixed together,
approximately the cylindrical hollow required, and when the cores are fixed to the
base and have their upper limbs firmly tied together by a plate E and screws F,
the cylindrical hollows are accurately turned in a lathe to a diameter slightly
exceeding that of the armature windings. G G are the windings of the field
magnets, of the usual construction.
The armature spindle H is carried in pedestal bearings I I' and has fixed upon
it the armature core, composed firstly of a tubular part J having two end
flanges JJ, of which J¹ is fixed or formed in one with J, while J is screwed on
the threaded end thereof, and secondly of a number of iron discs K slid with a
central hole upon J and clamped closely side by side by screwing up the flange J³.
The windings of the armature are effected in any suitable known manner such as
the "Von Hefner-Alteneck" system. Or in place of a cylinder armature of the
above described construction may be used a Gramme ring of known construction.
L is the commutator, and M M the commutator brushes, the holders of which are
arranged as follows. Upon the cylindrical neck of the bearing I is mounted the
rotatable carrier N, the opposite arms of which terminate in two split clasps N¹ N',
lined with insulating material, and receiving the spindles O, O, which are nipped
tight therein by means of screws n n when they have been adjusted in position.
The spindles OO are bent up at a right angle as shewn at Figure 2.
Upon the radial parts of the spindles are fitted loose the brush holders P P in
which the brushes M M are secured by means of screws QQ. The outer ends of
the spindles OO are threaded and upon them are fitted screw nuts R R and
between these and the brush holders are interposed helical springs S S, so that by
adjusting the screw nuts R the springs are made to press the brushes N with great
or less force upon the commutator L.
On the spindles 00 are fixed pins o o, bent up so as to be parallel thereto,
which pins enter holes of somewhat larger size in the brush holders, so that the
pins hold the brush holders in position upon the spindle with a sufficient amount of
play to allow the brushes M to adjust themselves to the surface of the commutator,
so as to obtain perfect contact. When the machine is not in use, the brushes are
held out of contact by drawing back their holders against the action of their
springs S until they are free of the pins o, and then turning them round until the
pins bear with their ends in small recesses p in the end surfaces of the holders,
thus holding the brushes securely out of contact.

page_text: The holes and recesses in the brush holders are made in duplicate on opposite
sides, in order to enable the position of the brushes to be reversed, when it is
desired to reverse the motion of the machine.
The carrier N when adjusted in position for giving the brushes the requisite lead,
is secured in position by a setting screw T, the end of which enters a V groove in
the neck of the bearing I.
UU are sockets fixed on the spindles O, for receiving the ends of the wire leads
from the screw terminals P P fixed on the plate E.
.
The spindles O being securely held in the split nipping sockets N¹, the screw
nuts and lock nuts on the outer ends thereof, such as are usually employed for
fixing them, are dispensed with, and consequently as the ends of the spindles can
pass closely behind the standards of the bearing I, the length of the machine can
be reduced to an extent corresponding to the height of such nuts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Constructing the field magnet cores of dynamos and electro motors of a series
of plates bent successively over each other in horse shoe form, the ends of two such
horse shoe cores being made to butt against each other and being secured in,
position by screws, rivets or other fastenings so as to form a closed loop the inner
part of which is cut so as to form circular hollows for receiving the armature,
substantially as described.
2. Constructing the armature cores of dynamos and electro motors of a
tubular central piece, fixed on the spindle on which tubular piece are threaded.
circular discs having central holes, such discs being confined between end flanges
on the tube, one or both of which is or are made to screw on to the threaded end
or ends of the tube so as to clamp the discs between them, substantially as
described.
3. Constructing brush gear for dynamos and electro motors of a carrier N
rotatably mounted on the bearing of the commutator spindle, and having split
clasps N holding spindles on which slide loose brush holders P carrying
brushes M and which are pressed upon the commutator by springs S regulated by
nuts R screwed on the threaded ends of the spindles O, the brush holders being
held in correct position on the spindles by means of pins o on the latter entering
holes in the brush holders, substantially as described with reference to the
drawings.
Dated this 21st day of February 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.