Improved Tyre for the Wheels of Vehicles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 19th Nov., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Tyre for the Wheels of Vehicles.
I, CALVIN THAYER ADAMS, Doctor of Medicine, of 21, East 28th Street, New
York, in the County and State of New York, United States of America, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention has for its main object to provide simple, cheap and effective
means for preventing the pneumatic or cushioned tires of bicycles and other
wheeled vehicles from slipping on asphalt and other smooth pavements, as they
are particularly apt to do when the pavement is wet.
I accomplish this object by means of a strip of vulcanized fabric cemented, or
otherwise secured, peripherally around the inflated or cushioned body of the tire,
studded with rivets, studs, staples, wire, or like metallic parts having integral
heads on both ends bearing against the inner and outer surfaces of the strip or
outer tube tread, so that the rivets, or metallic parts, are easily applied, will be
held securely and permanently in place in the tread against movement inwardly,
outwardly and laterally, and their outer heads will positively engage the pavement
and prevent slipping thereon when the pavement is wet, while at the same time
permitting the intervening rubber or yielding surface of the tread to make its
useful adhesive contact with the pavement. Further, the said outer heads do not
penetrate the pavement, as would the spikes and protrusions which have been
heretofore suggested, and which would impede the movement of the bicycle and
increase the labor of propulsion.
In the case of a double tube tire, the tread portion of the outer tube itself may be
studded with the rivets, studs, staples or wire, or a separate studded strip applied
thereto as in the case of a single tube tire.
I shall refer by letters to the accompanying drawings in which I have shown
several modes of carrying my invention into effect, and in which-
Figure 1. represents in sectional side elevation a pneumatic single tube tire
provided with one form of my improvement.
Figure 2 is an enlarged cross sectional view of part of the same.
Figures 3 & 4. are enlarged sectional and plan views, respectively, showing
another form of my improvement.
Figures 5 & 6 are enlarged sectional and plan views, respectively, showing
still another form of my improvement.
Figures 7 & 8 are enlarged sectional and plan views, respectively, showing still
another form of my improvement.
Figure 9 represents still another form of my improvement.
"
In making the form of my invention represented in Figures 1 & 2, I employ by
preference, a strip "A of ordinary vulcanized fabric to encircle peripherally the
pneumatic tire "B," and of a width to cover the bottom and side bearing surfaces
of the tire, which strip "A," after being equipped with the anti-slip parts, as
hereinafter described. I, by preference, cement, but may lace or otherwise fasten
securely, as a tread to the tire.

page_text: I stud the tread-strip "A," before application to the tire, with headed metallic
rivets "C," the shanks of which are driven through the yielding or elastic fabric
or material and clinched tightly against the outside of the strip, so as to hold the
rivets securely in place, and strengthen the strip, and at the same time serving,
when the strip is applied to the tire, to positively engage the pavement and prevent
the tire from slipping thereon, without penetrating the pavement and thus imped-
ing the movement of the wheel, and without interfering with the natural and
important function of the yielding surface of the tread between the rivets in
making yielding contact with the pavement.
The inner heads of the rivets "C" being drawn by the clinching process directly
and tightly against the inner surface of the tread-strip "A," do not project into or
injure the body or inner tube of the tire against which they rest.
°
"In the modified form of my invention represented in Figures 3 & 4, I weave
the double-headed rivets "I)" in the meshes of the fabric portion
"6 E" of the
tread-strip "F," in the process of weaving the same, and I then vulcanize the
outer surface of the fabric, leaving the outer heads of the rivets "D" uncovered,
or, if covered, afterward removing, in any suitable manner, the rubber therefrom.
In the modified form of my invention, shown in Figures 5 & 6, I stitch, or I
may weave, flexible wire "G" in the tread-strip "H" so that the dispersed
parts "I" & "J" of the wire exposed on the inner and outer surfaces of the strip
act like the inner and outer heads respectively of the rivets previously described
and shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 & 4.
In the modified form of my invention shown in Figures 7 & 8, I drive U-shaped
metallic staples "K," from the inside through the tread-strip "L," and clinch
their legs on the outside of said tread-strip "T" so that the clinched outer
ends of the staples "K" act like the outer heads of the rivets shown in
Figures 1, 2, 3 & 4, and the inner heads M" of said staples act like the inner
heads of said previously described rivets.
66
In the modified form of my invention represented in Figure 9, the rivets "O"
are interwoven with the meshes "P" of the fabric tread-strip, as they are in
Figures 3 & 4, but the rivets are held in place by meshes inside as well as outside
their inner heads "R" and thus do not need to be clinched on their outer ends to
prevent them from being pushed inward.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
--
1. A tread for a pneumatic or cushioned vehicle tire studded with rivets, staples
or equivalent devices as described, having integral heads bearing against opposite
sides of said tread.
2. A tread for a pneumatic or cushioned vehicle tire consisting of woven fabric
studded with rivets, staples, or equivalent devices interwoven with the meshes of
the fabric, parts of said rivets, staples or equivalent devices being exposed on the
outer surface of the tread to prevent slipping.
Dated this 1fith day of Sentember 1898
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.