Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1891.
Complete Specification Left, 25th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Road
Vehicles.
I, JOHN KEMP STARLEY of The Meteor Works, Coventry in the County of
Warwick, Velocipede Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention is designed to provide an elastic tyre for velocipedes and other
road vehicles of the now well known pneumatic type that shall be free from the
disadvantages attached thereto; for instance it is difficult to attach or detach
from the felloe of a cycle a Dunlop or similar pneumatic tyre and it is not an
uncommon occurrence for a sharp stone or other cutting or piercing object to
penetrate such a tyre by reason of the elastic outer or running surface of the tyre
being compressed by the cutting or piercing point sharply against the metallic
felloe.
Now by my invention I seek to provide an elastic tyre of the pneumatic type
that may be free from these objections and in carrying it into practice I form a
triple or composite tyre as follows.
I first take a thin cylinder or tube of india rubber or like elastic material of any
desired diameter and of suitable length to form the air chamber. This I draw through
a woven tube or hose of canvass or like material of a slightly increased diameter
but only large enough to just cover the said rubber tyre when inflated and for the
purpose of maintaining the air tube in a true cylindrical shape. At the jointing
place or at any other suitable point I introduce a valve for inflating the thin under
or air tube. After joining this inner and outer tube of india rubber and canvass
respectively I cover the two with an outer cover or coat of india rubber or like elastic
material and this outer coating may be likewise a tube of rubber cut or slit along
its internal circumference if desired and cemented after enclosing the other parts
of the tyre or it may also be drawn over the other portions or may be secured over
the same and over the valve in any other manner.
In some cases I may find it desirable to divide the rubber tyres or buffers longi-
tudinally making the outer or running surface portion separate from that nearest the
felloe and attach them separately to the canvass tube and I may find it convenient
to use a felloe flat on its face instead of hollow the rubber bed or. that portion of
the outer rubber tyre which comes in contact with the felloe being formed concave
internally so as to provide a groove or hollow for the purpose of keeping the
remaining portions of the built up tyre in position.
It will be seen that on a point indenting the outer rubber it will instead of
causing the inner surface of the tube to impinge upon the felloe and thereby pro-
bably induce a cut or perforation strike against a further or second elastic substance
or buffer interposed between the inner tube and the felloe so minimizing the effects
of contact with pointed stones and the like.
The triple tyre before inflation may when necessary be sprung into or upon the
felloe and may or may not be cemented thereto.
Dated this 21st day of March 1891
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Road
Vehicles.
I, JOHN KEMP. STARLEY of the Meteor Works, Coventry in the County of
Warwick, Velocipede Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention is designed to provide an elastic tyre for velocipedes and other road
vehicles, of the now well known pneumatic type and one that shall be free from
many of the disadvantages attached thereto for instance it is difficult to attach or
detach from the felloe of a cycle a Dunlop or similar pueumatic tyre and it is not
an uncommon occurrence for a sharp stone or other cutting or piercing object
to penetrate such a tyre by reason of the elastic outer or running surface of
the tyre being compressed by the cutting or piercing point sharply against the
metallic felloe.
Now by my invention I seek to provide an elastic tyre of the pneumatic type
that may be free from these objections and in carrying it into practice I form a
composite tyre as follows.
I first take a thin cylinder or tube of india rubber or like elastic material of any
desired diameter and of suitable length to form the air chamber. This I draw
through a woven tube or hose of canvas or like material of a slightly increased
diameter but only large enough to just cover the said rubber tyre when inflated and
for the purpose of maintaining the air tube in a true cylindrical shape. At the
jointing place or at any other suitable point I introduce a valve for inflating the
thin under or air tube. After joining this inner and outer tube of india rubber
and canvas respectively I cover the two with an outer cover or coat of india rubber
or like elastic material and this outer covering may be likewise a tube of rubber cut
'or slit along its internal circumference if desired and cemented after enclosing the
other parts of the tyre or it may also be drawn over the other portions or may be
secured over the same and over the valve in any other manner.
In some cases I may find it desirable to divide the outer rubber tyre or buffer
longitudinally making the outer or running surface portion separate from that
nearest the felloe and attach the parts separately to the canvas tube and I may find
it convenient to use a felloe flat on its face or nearly so instead of hollow the
rubber bed or that portion of the outer rubber tyre which comes in contact with
the felloe being formed concave internally so as to provide a groove or hollow for
the purpose of keeping the remaining portions of the built up tyre in position.
The accompanying sheet of drawings to which I now refer with the figures
and letters thereon will illustrate my composite or triple tyre and in this sheet
of drawings
Figure 1 is a cross section of a felloe and tyre constructed according to my
invention with the outer rubber casing or buffer divided the felloe being flat on
the face.
Figure 2 is a similar section showing a felloe mainly flat faced but having an
indent or groove in its centre tending to better keep the rubber buffer or pad in
position.
•
Figure 3 shows a section of my triple tyre but mounted on a concave rubber pad
attached to the rim or felloe.
A is the inner or pneumatic tube B the canvas or other cover or hose which may
be made waterproof. C is the running or outer rubber buffer or pad which may be
vulcanized or otherwise secured to the canvas B and D is the inner buffer or pad
secured to the felloe and having a concave face on which the tyre proper A B C
may be sprung. E is the felloe.
It will be seen that on a point indenting the outer rubber it will instead of

page_text: causing the inner surface of the tube to impinge upon the felloe and thereby
probably induce a cut or perforation strike against a further or second elastic
substance or buffer interposed between the inner tube and the felloe so minimizing
the effects of contact with pointed stones and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A triple or composite tyre for velocipedes composed of three tubes or two
tubes and an outer cover the inner tube being of rubber and capable of inflation and
the outer tube or cover being also of rubber and acting as a buffer to prevent
perforation substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. A composite tyre for velocipedes capable of being inflated and consisting of
an inner rubber tube such as A encased within a protecting or strengthening tube
or hose of canvas or other suitable material coated with a solution to prevent dirt
working through such as B and provided with a running cushion or pad such as C
and a buffer or pad with a concave face such as D sprung upon or secured to a flat
faced (or nearly so) felloe such as E substantially as described herein and as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
3. A triple or composite tyre such as represented by Figure 3 and mounted on a
concave bed or pad D attached to the metal rim substantially as described and
illustrated.
Dated this 25th day of January 1892.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.