Improvements in Pantographic Engraving and Carving Apparatus..
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 10th Nov.,
1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pantographic Engraving and Carving Apparatus..
1 WILLIBALD MERL of 27. Werthstrasse, Cöln-am-Rhein, in the Empire of
Germany, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and acconipanying drawings.
My said invention relates to improved apparatus whereby a picture, design, plan,
letter, writing or other matter capable of being so copied is transferred to any
desired scale and in reverse to a plate, stone or other printing, medium. The
invention is also applicable to the engraving or carving of objects from designs or
models.
The essential portion of the invention consists in the combination of a pantograph
with a travelling frame and carriers the latter traversed on the frame by an endless
band passing over pullies at the ends of the travelling frame. Thus by the
movement of the travelling frame in one direction and the movement of the carriers
in another direction the requisite combined motion is obtained whereby any curve
or line can be followed by and transferred through the pantograph and attached
parts in reverse to a plate, stone or other printing surface.
To render my invention clearly understood I have attached herewith four sheets
of drawings to which I will now refer.
Fig. 1 (Sheet 1) is a plan of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) is a side elevation.
Fig. 3 (Sheet 3) is a cross section.
Fig. 4 (Sheet 3) is a modification of my invention whereby the same, may be
applied to carving or engraving.
Figs. 5 to 8 (Sheet 4) illustrate to a larger scale the carriers which are mounted
to traverse on the movable frame.
The
The table carrying the apparatus is marked M. This table is of strong construc-
tion and is strengthened with double L shaped iron ribs and bolted stays as shown
in Figs. 2 and 3. It stands on feet and is adjusted to a level by set screws f.
surface of the table supports on brackets r, a frame G, which in its turn carries on
ways 'b a slide S, and also the movable frame B which runs on wheels.o on the
ways a a of the frame G. The frame B is a four cornered structure composed of
the bars g g, g g taking into end plates kk, these plates carrying the brackets cic
between which the band pullies run in bearings. An endless cord u extends
between these pullies. The wheels o o which carry the frame B are sharp edged
and run in gutters in the ways a a so as to develope as little friction as possible.
The plate or stone D to be engraved is carried on adjustable supports (see Fig. 3)
on the slide S, the slide and its burden. lying between the upper and under members
of the frame B.
Under the frame G and arranged on the table M is the pantograph P, the pole
or pivot of which is situated at i
The pantograph is easily moved upon its carrying rollers m and the end of the
arm P which carries the tracing point is supported by a swing crane C upon a
travelling suspender h. In accordance with the desired scale or proportions of the
design to be engraved the pantograph can be adjusted with relation to its pivot or
poleon the plate T. In order not to block the movements of the pantograph, I
do not place a bracket r at the corner marked G,y of the frame G but let that
portion of the frame overhang, supporting it midway by the bracket at the point
where the pole or pivot i is situated. The carrier w runs upon and between the
members g g of the movable frame B, and the carrier w runs upon and between

page_text: the members g, y. Both carriers w and w' are connected by the band u which as
has been said passes over the end pullies 11. The lower carrier wl is connected
at to the arm of the pantograph P.. As more clearly shown in Fig. 5 the under
carrier wo runs on pairs of rollers qg on the side bars g g'. The band u is
connected to this carrier w¹ by the set screw d as clearly appears in Fig. 6, and by
means of this screw any required tension can be given to the band. The forked
end P'of the pantograph arm engages with the spindle on the lower side of the
carrier to. The upper carrier w runs on pairs of rollers 7' 7' on the upper
members g g of the frame B (see Figs. 7 and 8). The band u is connected to this
carrier by a clamp composed of the parts p p the construction and action of which
will be easily seen from a glance at Fig. 7. This adjustable means for connecting
the carrier w and wol to the band enables me to set the carriers to any position relative
to each other and in accordance with the desired proportions or position of the
design to be transferred.
For engraving a plate for example the upper carrier would be provided with a
graving point which would receive extremely rapid reciprocating motion from an.
electro magnet through the lever, this being effected in the usual and well
Known manner. Wires connect this part of the apparatas with the tracing point f
of the pantograph. For accurately setting the graving point or needle v 1 may
attach a sight y provided with the usual sighting cross for the purpose of setting
the needle and fixing the limits of the sight line as is usual.
In the plan Fig. 1 it will be seen how the letter S for example, drawn on the
sheet or pattern z is reproduced reversed (for the purposes of printing) on the
plate D. The dotted letter S about the centre of the plate D, represents the curve
executed by the pivot w where the pantograph is connected with the lower carrier w',
the letter being reversed as to the direction of its lie but otherwise relatively true.
But by the intervention of the second upper carrier w the movements of which are
all in reverse to the movements of the lower carriage w¹ the letter S is engraved
by the graving point or needle v in reverse as shown by the full line in a manner
which will print the letter correctly when a proof is pulled 'from the plate D.
To afford a view of the lower carrier to a portion of the plate D is shown broken
away.
By multiplying the engraving points several engravings could be made
at once.
i
When beyond the scope of the pantograph, fresh portions of the plate or
stone D, may be presented to. the graving tool by moving the slide S which carries
'the plate. D.
"
1:
In arranging the apparatus for carving purposes as illustrated in Fig. 4 (Sheet 3)
the material to be operated upon is connected to a carrier equivalent to the carrier w
already referred to, and supported and running on the upper side members of
the movable frame B. The carrier is formed with suugs, jaws or centres between
which the work is held adjusted' and secured.
In this instance the cutter or carving tool is carried by a spindle running in
bearings in the end of a fixed bracket as shown in Fig. 4.
1
To provide for variations in the depth of the carving I arrange to let the spindle
and tool, be movable vertically and this I effect by pulling on a line vz which is
connected to the end of a counterbalanced and jointed lever which engages with
the upper end of the tool spindle 2 so that by pulling on the line uz I can depress the
spindle and tool and so vary the depth of the cutting. The spindle is driven by
a band passing around a small pulley thereon, und also over carrier pullies as shown,
one of the latter being adjustable as indicated so as to take up the slack of the
band. It will easily be understood that by multiplying the spindles and tool and
by providing corresponding pieces of material to be worked upon, several carvings
or engravings can be executed simultaneously from one design or model. Where
the surface of the model under the tracing point of the pantograph is in different
planes, 1 might connect the cord which raises and lowers the spindle and tool to the
pantograph and thus cause the carving or engraving tool to rise and fall in the same

page_text: manner and with exact relation to the tracing point. The pantograph may be set
so as to give an engraving of the same size as the original or of a different size.
The bearings and pivots of the whole should be of hardened steel but the body of
the parts such for example as the movable frame and the like might be of aluminium
RO as to make the moving parts of the apparatus as light as is consistent with
sufficient strength and rigidity.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The general arrangement construction and combination of parts comprising the
improved pantographic engraving and carving apparatus substantially as herein-
before described and as illustrated.
2. In apparatus of the indicated nature the combination of a pantograph such
as P with the movable frame B, and carriers w w¹ connected by an endless band u
and operating in the indicated manuer so as to produce on a plate, stone or other
surface a reverse copy engraving or carving of the design substantially as described
and shown.
3. In apparatus of the indicated nature the combination of the movable frame B,
with the carriers wow, the latter being adjustably connected by an endless band u
passing over end pullies so as to move the carriers in opposite directions the
upper carrier being furnished with an engraving needle or needles so as to operate
upon the plate, stone or other material carried by the slide S, and thus produce a
reverse engraving or copy of the design or model under the pantograph substantially
as described and as shown.
Dated this 6th day of Oct 1004
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.,