Improvements in or connected with the Exhaust Valves of Explosion Engines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Exhaust Valves of Explosion
Engines.
I, FREDERICK RICHARD SIMMS, trading as Simms & Co., Consulting Engineers,
of Amberley House, 12, Norfolk Street, Strand, in the County of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with the exhaust valves
of explosion engines and has for its object to provide means whereby the said valve-
seats and valves and the exhaust gases escaping through them can be cooled.
According to my invention I cause an air current to flow along and in contact
with the outer surface of the exhaust valve-seat so as to cool the same and also the
valve by conduction, the said air current in some cases being caused to mix with
the exhaust gases so as to cool and condense them as hereinafter described.
In carrying out my invention as applied to ordinary forms of explosion engine
I surround the exhaust valve-seat which is provided with an extension, with a
suitable casing or jacket the inlet end of which is open to the atmosphere and
the outlet end of which opens into the exhaust passage. The extension of
the exhaust valve-seat opens into the jacket and the exhaust gases by their passage
through the valve and into the jacket draw air into the jacket through the inner
end thereof by an injector-like action, the said injected air first striking the valve
seat thereby cooling it and the valve itself and then mixing with the exhaust
gases which they cool and condense thereby reducing the pressure and acting as
a silencer. To increase the double effect I may also employ water for vaporisation.
In applying my invention to an explosion engine or motor the cylinder of
which is cooled by a current of air in contact with its outer surface I advan-
tageously provide a conical sheet metal casing around the seat of the exhaust
valve the said conical casing being open at both ends and so arranged that its
base or larger end opens against the air current which flows along the cylinder.
By this means the air is intercepted by the conical casing and guided against the
valve seat so as to partially absorb the heat imparted by the exhaust gases to
the walls of the said valve and finally escapes through the apex or smaller end
of the cone. The cone may be filled or partly filled with water to increase the
cooling effect by the vaporisation of the latter, the said cone in this case being
suitably shaped therefor.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Exhaust Valves of Explosion
Engines.
I, FREDERICK RICHARD SIMMS, trading as Sinums & Co., Consulting Engineers,
of Amberley House, 12, Norfolk Street, Strand, in the County of London, do
hereby declare the nature offtliialinvention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
3.4g
2
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with the exhaust valves
of explosion engines and has for its object to provide means whereby the valve-
seats and valves and the exhaust gases. escaping through them' can be cooled. ·'
According to my invention I cause an air current to flow along and in contact
with the outer surface of the exhaust valve-seat so as to cool the same and also the
valve, by conduction, the said air current in some cases being caused, to mix with
the exhaust gases so as to cool and condense them as hereinafter described.
In carrying out my invention as applied to ordinary, forms of explosion engine
I surround the exhaust valve-seat, which is provided with an extension, with a
suitable casing or jacket the inlet end of which is open to the atmosphere and
the 'outlet end of which opens into the exhaust passage. The extension of
the exhaust valve-seat opens into the jacket and the exhaust gases, by their passage
through the valve, draw air into the jacket through the inner end thereof by an
injector-like action, the said injected air first striking the valve, seat, thereby
cooling it and the valve itself, and then mixing with the exhaust, gases which
they cool and condense thus reducing the pressure and acting as a silencer. To
increase the double effect I may also employ water for vaporisation.
In applying my invention to an explosion engine or motor the cylinder of
which is cooled by a current of air in contact with its outer surface, I advan-
tageously provide a conical sheet-metal casing around the seat of the exhaust.
valve, the said conical casing being open at both ends and so arranged that its
base or larger end opens against the air current which Hows along the cylinder.
By this means the air is intercepted by the conical casing and guided against the
valve seat, so as to partially absorb the heat imparted by the exhaust gases to
the walls of the said valve, and finally escapes through the apex or smaller end
of the cone.
The cone may be filled or partly filled with water to increase the
cooling effect by the vaporisation of the latter, the said cone in this case being
suitably shaped therefor.
It will be obvious that the exhaust gases can be employed for drawing a current
of air through the spindle of the valve so as to cool the latter from the interior
instead of from the exterior.
To enable the invention to be fully understood. I will describe it by reference to
the accompanying drawing, in which:-
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the exhaust valve of an explosion engine
shewing the arrangement wherein the said valve is provided with an external
jacket:
, J
Figure 2 is a similar section shewing the valve provided with the conical casing;
and,
Figure 3 is a section through an exhaust valve shewing the method of cooling
the said valve by means of a current of air directed into the hollow spindle
thereof.
a is the exhaust passage for the gases from the explosion engine, 6 the valve-
seat, the valve, and d the valve spindle.

page_text: Referring now first to Figure-1; 'e is the extension with which the exhaust valve
is provided and is the casing or jacket formed around the extension e, so as to
provide a cooling space g around the said extension e. This space g is open at
its upper end to the atmosphere as shewn at h and at its lower end communicates,
as shewn at i with the exhaust.passage a.
With this arrangement the exhaust gases, when passing through the valve in
the exhaust passage in the direction indicated by the arrows in the said passage,
draw air through the space g, in the direction indicated by the arrows y, by an
injector-like action, the injected air coming first into contact with the valve-
seat b and the extension e so as to cool the valve and valve-seat, and then passing
through the opening i into the exhaust passage a where it mixes with the exhaust
gases so as to cool and condense them thus reducing the pressure of the said gases
and acting as a silencer. I can also employ water in the said jacket, which water
is vaporised by the heat extracted from the exhaust gases.
Referring now to the arrangement shewn in Figure 2 and which arrangement
is designed for use with explosion engines the cylinders of which are cooled by
currents of air in contact with their outer surfaces, is the conical sheet-metal casing
around the seat b of the valve c. This casing is open at both ends, as clearly
shewn at k and 7; and is so placed that the basal or larger opening & confronts
the air current which flows along the cylinder. With this construction the air is
intercepted by the said conical casing į, through the opening of which it flows and
is guided against the valve-seat b so as to partially absorb the heat imparted by the
exhaust gases to the walls of the valve, after which the said air escapes through
the smaller opening 7 into the atmosphere. As above mentioned the cone ; may
be filled or partly filled with water to increase the cooling effect by the vaporisation
of the latter, in which case the said cone is suitably shaped for containing the
water.
Figure 3 illustrates the construction of a valye which is advantageously
employed when it is desired to directly cool the said valve. In this construction
the valve spindle d is made hollow and is provided with air inlet holes mat its
lower end and with air outlet holes or orifices n at the upper end underneath the
valve c. With this construction, when the exhaust gases are escaping from the
valve in the direction indicated by the arrows they suck air in through the inlet
holes or orifices m, up through the hollow spindle d and out through the outlet
orifices n, n as indicated by the arrows y, the current of cool air efficiently cooling
the valve c.
It will be obvious that any of the above methods may be used either alone or in
combination with any one of the others or that all three may be used at the same
time in combination.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-.
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In explosion engines, providing the exhaust valve with an extension of the
valve-seat and enclosing the said extension in a jacket so as to form a space around it
which space is at one end open to the atmosphere and at the other end in com-
munication with the exhaust passage, substantially as, and for the purpose, here-
inbefore described.
2. In explosion engines wherein the cylinders are cooled by an air current in
contact with their outer surfaces, providing the exhaust valve-seat with an
external conical jacket the two ends of which are open to the atmosphere, sub-
stantially as, and for the purpose, herein before described.
3. In explosion engines cooling the exhaust valve by a current of air induced
by the exhaust gases, substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The improved exhaust valves and valve-seats for explosion engines herein-

page_text: before described and illustrated respectively in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accom-
panying drawing.
Dated the 1st day of March 1898.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.