matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANING THE BOTTOMS OF SHIPS WHILE IN MOTION
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sydney Pitt, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANING THE BOTTOMS OF
SHIPS WHILE IN MOTION." A communication from abroad by Heinrich Martin
Jepsen, of Fleusburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
Sealed the 30th January 1880, and dated the 27th October 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sydney Pitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th October 1879.
SYDNEY PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CLEANING THE BOTTOMS OF SHIPS WHILE IN MOTION." [A com-
munication from abroad by Heinrich Martin Jepsen, of Fleusburg, in the Kingdom
of Prussia.]
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for cleaning the
bottoms of ships while in motion, in order to increase the speed and to save costs
and time of docking.
The cleaner consists of a frame composed of two sideplates made of wood or any
other suitable material, which are connected by bolts leaving a space between
them.
One of the sideplates is fitted on its exterior with knives, brushes, or teeth, to
remove dirt, seaweed, or other deposit from the ship's bottom, and they are so
arranged that the water may easily pass between them to wash away the dirt as
soon as it is detached.
The other sideplate is fitted with a board or plate of wood or other material
hinged on to it and fastened by a screw in such a way that it may be placed under
dfferent angles to the sideplate.
When the apparatus is in use the water acting on this incline presses the knives,
brushes, or teeth, into contact with the ship's side.
In the space between the two sideplates is a reversible inclined door or flap hung
on a pivot, which by the use of two ropes may be moved so that the pressure of the

page_text: water acting either against the upper or the under side of it, may cause the apparatus
to sink or to rise accordingly.
At the same time the apparatus is fastened by a rope to the railing or any part
of the deck, allowing it to swing in a curve, of which the fastening point forms the
centre.
When the ship is in motion the apparatus, being pressed against the side of it by
means of the inclined board, is moved up and down by a man pulling the ropes of
the inclined door or flap. It will clean the bottom of the ship from the water line
down to the keel.
The fastening rope may be lengthened or moved along side of the ship according
to the progress of the work. The apparatus can be used on both sides, the door or
flap having eyes for fastening the ropes on both sides.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TEMPLES FOR LOOMS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hall and James Schofield
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1879.
ROBERT HALL, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and
JAMES SCHOFIELD, of Littleborough, in the same County, Manufacturer.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TEMPLES FOR LOOMS."
The discs with needle points or other equivalents are supported in holders
fixed to metal bars which are connected together by a fulcrum stud and by a
swivel button. The temples are held in position by strips of wood bolted to the
metal bars above referred to, and sprung into slots in brackets fixed to the breast
beam or to the loom sides. When the shuttle is caught in the shed and is beaten
up against the temples the strip of wood breaks and can be replaced at a very
trifling cost, and the danger of breaking the shuttle or the temple is avoided. The
improved temples above described are cheap and durable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SWIMMING APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Griffith Brewer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th April 1879. (A communication
from abroad by Albert Paul Passet, of Paris, France.)
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SWIMMING APPARATUS." (A communication from abroad by
Albert Paul Passet, of Paris, France.)
These improvements refer to swimming apparatus, and without referring to the
many kinds of apparatus which have been heretofore proposed for such purpose it
may be stated that in the natural swimming the force of the muscles of the legs
operates in combination with the width of the tread of the foot, logically more the
surface of the latter; the resistance and energetic action ought to be greater, only
by that there is a greater resistance or lost force to overcome at the starting point.
Starting with this principle the inventor proposes to add to the foot an appendix
having a large surface at the time the effort is made, the said surface being annulled
or diminished very materially when arriving at the point of return.
For this purpose there are provided jointed blades or palettes secured to lower
members and united to the said members by a convenient mode of attachment,
allowing the said members to develop all their power of action when required,
leaving to the apparatus the facility of developing or closing automatically by the
combination of the resistance to overcome and the effort produced.
Supposing there are two blades hinged together by any convenient number of
hinges the foot is kept in position by straps, preferably made of india rubber, which
can be fixed to the blades or be continued and passed through slots formed in the
blades themselves, which, at their central extremity, are cut square and abut against
one another, and so that they cannot go beyond the plane of one another. At the
moment of exertion the blades take their leverage from the water, and, being open,
impulsion will be produced in the water when the swimmer brings the legs to give
a new impulsion, the blades being no longer under control will be abandoned to
themselves and close up by reason even from the impulsion acquired, and no longer
offering any resistance. It will be observed that a continuous strap in caoutchouc

page_text: is described which can contract or expand by its elasticity, according as the
swimmer exercises his power of propulsion; but if it should be feared that the
tension of this strap might fatigue the foot a plate jointed to the blades with straps
may be used, and in this way the blades will be independent of the plate, and
according as the swimmer extends or brings back his legs the blades will open or
close.
AN IMPROVED LID FOR THE FEEDING HOLES OF OIL CANS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Kaye, of Kirkstall, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED LID FOR THE FEEDING HOLES OF OIL CANS
AND OTHER VESSELS."
Sealed the 16th March 1880, and dated the 19th September 1879. .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Kaye at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1879.
JOSEPH KAYE, of Kirkstall, in the County of York.
THE FEEDING HOLES OF OIL CANS AND OTHER VESSELS."
"AN IMPROVED LID FOR
My Invention relates to the construction of a lid for closing the feeding holes of
oil cans and other vessels, the object which I have in view being to provide means
of readily opening and closing tightly these holes without the use of a detached
cap or cover, such as is apt to become lost or mislaid. For this purpose I make
the hole in a rectangular piece of sheet metal, the edges of which I bend over so as
to form lips on its underside. I cut in each of these lips a notch near one end of
the plate, and I flatten down more closely to the plate the shorter portions of the
lips beyond the said notches. I take another rectangular piece of sheet metal
about double the length of the former, and bend it across the middle, folding the
one half against the other. This piece, on which I fix a knob, forms a combined
spring and slide, the edges of which work in the guides formed by the lips of the
plate first mentioned, which plate I solder or otherwise fix to the cover of the can
or other vessel. By means of the knob attached to the lower or sliding plate, which
projects through the hole in the upper plate, I can slide back the lower plate so as
to expose
the open
hole in the upper plate, or I can slide it forward so as to close
the hole, and the under half of the sliding plate being made somewhat curved acts
by its elasticity as a spring, pressing the upper half against the fixed plate, and
thereby tightly closing the bole.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GASSING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thomas Stubbs and John
Corrigan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th June
1879.
WILLIAM THOMAS STUBBS, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, and JOHN CORRIGAN, of the same Place, Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GASSING YARNS OR THREADS."
Our Invention consists in methods of mounting the grooved rollers on bowls
over which the yarns or threads
pass.
According to the usual method, these rollers or bowls are mounted loosely upon
projecting studs, but according to our Invention we mount them fast upon pivots
which run in bearings formed in brackets projecting from the usual stands. These
bearings by one arrangement we leave open at top so that the said rollers or bowls
may be lifted out when desired, but other bearings, such as ordinary centres, may be
used and a moveable part adapted to enable the rollers or bowls to be removed.
According to another method we use a fixed stud, but form thereon a conical
part against which one end of the rollers or boss runs, and the other end is confined
by another conical part screwed or otherwise fastened on to the stud. The roller
or bowl does not bear upon the stud, but upon the said conical parts.
Secondly, our Invention consists in a method of preventing the yarns or threads
from jumping out of their right grooves, for which purpose we adapt comb formed
or other guides on the sides of the rollers or bowls and through which the threads
pass.
Another part of our Invention relates to a method of mounting the bobbins in
the creel. For this purpose we adapt the spindle between centres, that for the
upper end being formed in a part which is capable of turning upward or
downward by a joint and adjusted in any position so as to cause it to bear more or
less upon the spindle and thus modify the drag. This adjustment may be effected
by a sliding collar capable of being tightened by weights or springs or equivalent
means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORIDE OF LIME
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November 1879. A communication
from Ferdinand Kopfer, Doctor of Philosophy, of Mannheim, in the Empire of
Germany.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORIDE OF LIME."
[A communication from Ferdinand Kopfer, Doctor of Philosophy, of Mannheim, in
the Empire of Germany.]
The Invention communicated to me relates to improvements in the method of
and apparatus for the manufacture of chloride of lime, and the improvements
consist in periodically or continuously introducing hydrate of lime in a shower of
fine powder into a simple absorbing chamber filled with chloric gas. The hydrate
of lime is introduced through a small opening in the upper part of the said chamber,
the distribution of the hydrate of lime being preferably effected by means of
centrifugal force.
A suitable construction of apparatus for carrying out the Invention consists of a
box or trough for containing the hydrate of lime, which is passed from the trough
or box through a funnel into a suitably placed pipe, whence it falls onto a revolving
wood or metal disc, by which it is scattered or spread into the absorbing chamber.
A lend screen projects downwards towards the herein before described disc, which
latter is hung on a vertical shaft provided with a lock ring or clamp resting on the
ground or floor plate. The shaft may be driven by hand or by other suitable
power, and suitable valves may be applied to the herein before described pipe to
prevent escape of the chloric gas.
IMPROVED TIME-KEEPER OR METRONOME FOR MUSICAL TEACHING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Guy Wilson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1879. A communication from
abroad by Adolf Decher, of Münich, Bavaria, in the Empire of Germany.
JOHN GUY WILSON, of the British & Foreign Patent Office, 71, Market Street,
" A NEW OR
in the City of Manchester, Mechanical Engineer, and Patent Agent.
IMPROVED TIME-KEEPER OR METRONOME FOR MUSICAL TEACHING PURPOSES." A
communication from abroad by Adolf Decher, of Münich, Bavaria, in the Empire of
Germany.
The time keeping apparati hitherto employed for musical teaching purposes and
especially the metronome of Mäbzl have been very complicated and expensive
besides producing a noise in action which is much disturbing to the ear of a
musician.
The metronome however constituting this Invention obviates the aforementioned
objections, being very simple in construction, low in price, and produces no noise at
all in use; it consists by preference of a metallic or linen riband secured at one end
to a small drum within a cylindrical box, and the other end of which is provided
with a weight of cylindrical form. This small drum is mounted upon a spindle
passing through the centre of the box and capable of turning in its ends. This
spindle is furnished with a knob at one extremity, by means of which the small
drum may be caused to revolve, and the riband thus be rolled upon or unrolled from
such drum. The cylindrical casing of the box consists of a metal sheet the
extremities of which are bent outwards and so act as a spring for securely holding
the riband in the desired position.
The portion of riband unrolled serves as a pendulum for indicating the time, and
for this purpose such ribaud is provided with two scales one on either side, one
shewing by its division lines the usual times in music and the other side other
division lines indicating other musical times and their denominations.
To set the metronome in action the riband is drawn out of the box until the mark
indicating the chosen time coincides with or comes opposite to the bent ends or
mouth of the cylindrical casing; the riband being then set oscillating every oscilla-
tion answers to the desired musical time.
The box in which this improved metronome is placed is provided with a ring by
which it is suspended in such a manner that the opening for the riband to pass
through is at the lower end so that the riband may freely oscillate; a slight impulse
given to the weight is sufficient to produce a regular series of oscillations and
which continue for a considerable time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REDUCING VALVES FOR LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robinson and Richard
Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patonts on the 12th December
1879.
•
WILLIAM ROBINSON and RICHARD ROBINSON, both of Guide Bridge, in the
County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN REDUCING VALVES FOR LIQUIDS AND
FLUIDS."
We construct a reducing valve for liquids and fluids by arranging a valve body
similar to an ordinary screw down valve, but instead of having the seating at or
about the centre of the valve body, we carry up a stand pipe from the high pressure
side and arrange a dead weight suspended valve upon a seating at the top of this
pipe which communicates with the low pressure side. The weighting of this dead
weight valve is adjustable according to the reduced pressure, and is effected by
means of one or more weights which are carried by a bonnet piece forming part of
the valve, and which surrounds the stand pipe herein before mentioned, such stand
pipe and valve being enclosed in a suitable casing or box screwed or otherwise
secured in position, so as to be readily removable for effecting the requisite adjust-
ment of the valve.
IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF BUGS AND OTHER VERMIN, AND METHOD OF PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Morgan Rees at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd July 1879.
MORGAN REES, of the Parish of Oystermouth, in the County of Glamorgan.
IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF BUGS AND OTHER VERMIN,
AND METHOD OF PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME.”
"
"
This Invention consists in taking (a) tobacco or other material containing
nicotine or other vegetable alkaloid of similar toxic qualities, (b) "chloride of lime
or other soluble basic material holding chlorine in suspension, and (c) water, pre-
ferably about in the proportions of 28 lbs. (pounds) of tobacco, 28 lbs. of chloride
of lime, and 100 gallons of water. The three are steeped together for 48 hours.
The resulting liquid is the required poison.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING MATTRESSES AND BEDSTEADS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Redfern at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1879.
A com-
munication from abroad by Eugène Domereq, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité,
Paris, in the Republic of France.
GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the General Patent Office, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING
MATTRESSES AND BEDSTEADS." [A. communication from abroad by Eugène
Domercq, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of France.]
The Invention communicated to me consists in the manufacture of a wooden or
metal mattress constructed of two boards or plates placed on each side of the
mattress lengthwise; on these side pieces spiral or other springs support two other
boards or plates slightly curved. From one of these curved pieces to the other are
placed tight cross pieces, and the two ends are joined together at each end of the
mattress in such a manner as to form a frame. A number of bands or strips of
webbing complete the mattress over which a covering may be placed or not.
The principle of this mattress is the placing of the points of support of the cross
pieces on the sides or edges of the length of the bed, and not on the ends as has
been hitherto done. This mattress may be adapted to any kind of bedstead by
suitably arranging it, but the principal object of this Invention is to form a bed-
stead of it by causing each end of the mattress to rest on two ends or uprights,
foot and head, with or without castors, such ends being made of wood or metal
suitably arranged to form a complete bedstead, easy to put up or take to pieces,
and occupying but little space.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTT HINGES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Underhill at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1879.
JOSEPH UNDERHILL, of Aston, near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Brassfounder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTT HINGES."
My Invention consists of the process or combination of processes hereinafter
described to be used in the manufacture of butt hinges, my said Invention having
reference to the manufacture of the Bap blanks from which the said hinges are
made.
I form the flap blanks to be made into hinges from long strips of brass or other
ductile metal or alloy, the said strips being produced in the manner hereinafter
described, and having the sectional figure of the flap of a hinge that part of the
strip from which the knuckle parts of the hinge are made being tubular for receiving
the pin or axis of the finished hinge.
In making strips of the kind described according to my Invention I proceed as
follows-I take a piece of sheet brass or other ductile metal or alloy and cut it
into strips of any desired length, and of a width somewhat more than double that
of the flaps of the hinges to be made. I take a strip of the kind described and
subject it to a drawing process through a draw plate or die so constructed that the
said strip is doubled or folded at its middle upon itself, the parallel parts being
separated a short distance from one another and connected by a semi-circular fold
or bend. I subject the said folded or doubled strip to one or more drawings through
other draw plates or dies so as to close the parallel parts upon one another and
bring them into close contact as well as to give to the semi-circular fold by which
they are connected together a tubular figure.
There is thus produced a long strip having in cross section the figure of a flap of
a hinge, the knuckle part of the flap being hollow or tubular.
The strip is next brazed or hard soldered, by preference at its edges, so as to join
together the two parallel parts of the strip, and the strip is afterwards cut trans-
versely into the required lengths to form flap blanks. The joint parts are next cut
from the flap blanks so as to convert them into hinge flaps, and the flaps are
finished and jointed together in the ordinary way. By my Invention the manu-
facture of drawn flap blanks is much economized, the flaps made from the said blanks
having the necessary holes in their knuckle or joint parts for receiving the joint
pin or axis of the hinge.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR STEAM AND OTHER MACHINERY
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William McGlashan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd February 1879.
WILLIAM MOGLASHAN, of Leith, in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR STEAM AND OTHER MACHINERY."
This Invention has for its object to obtain a packing for steam and other
machinery, which whilst acting efficiently with little friction and requiring little
attention is durable and inexpensive.
The improved packing is more especially suitable for stuffing boxes, and is made
wholly or principally of wood pulp. The wood is reduced and treated in the
manner practised in converting it into pulp for paper making; and in manu-
facturing the pulp into packing it is freed from water, and strongly pressed by
hydraulic or other suitable apparatus in moulds of forms adapted for the particular
applications of the packing. For stuffing boxes the material is moulded or cut into
the form of half rings of rectangular section, and two or more rings are placed in
each stuffing box with the joints in different positions. This improved packing
has the property of slightly expanding or swelling when it is heated by the steam,
and this insures steam-tightness without excessive friction.
Other fibrous pulps of a vegetable nature may be used in admixture with the
wood pulp or instead of it. Plumbago, or asbestos, or both may be mixed with the
vegetable pulp, and the materials or the moulded or cut blocks may be treated
with carnanba, or paraffine, or other suitable wax, or with oleaginous or fatty
matters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Thomas Townsend at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th November 1879.
ISAAC THOMAS TOWNSEND, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Bicycle and
Tricycle Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES."
My Invention relates to certain improvements in tricycles, whereby facility is
obtained for taking the machine through narrow places, or for transforming such
machines from double to single machines, and vice versa, without the sacrifice of
strength and lightness.
I make single machines with a hollow backbone, which is carried on the pivot
of the front wheel, under the axle of the back wheels, and over the same to a
convenient position for supporting the rider's seat. Just above the level of the
axle and behind the seat I join to the backbone a cross bar, upon which the two
arms or frame for sustaining the ends of the main axle slide. I make the axle
telescopic, so that the two arms may be moved along the before mentioned cross
bar until they come against or nearly against the backbone. I run the larger part
of the axle in a centre bearing, which is carried by a light cross bar extending
from a vertical stay under the seat to the backbone. I secure the arms in their
proper position by set screws or in any other suitable manner, and the telescopic
shaft is secured in its extended position by a key passing through both portions of
the shaft.
In the case of double machines I make two secondary backbones, one on each
side of the principal backbone to carry the seat or seats for the riders and also the
treadle cranks. Outside these again the arms project, for supporting the axles,
which also run in a bearing under the principal backbone, where the two lengths
of the axle or the two axles meet. To make this machine go through a narrow
space or to transform it into a single machine I only require to take out the
cotters from the sockets and spigots formed at the side of the principal backbone
and to hang a small wheel on the principal backbone by a movable bracket or
otherwise.
I also make a still more simple form of double machine, which is composed of a
principal and two secondary backbones without any arms. The back cross bar in
this case serves as a fixed axle, upon which the wheels run loose, the chain wheels
in this case being fixed to the driving wheels outside the frame, the chain passing

page_text: outside to the crank shaft, which is divided at the centre journal, thus allowing
this machine also to come apart, so as to pass through a door way or to be
transformed into a single machine.
I can either suspend the seat from the backbones by a spring and adjustable
straps with an elevating piston or screw and nut otherwise by spring plates, which
are adjustable to the back of hooks hung upon the cross bar.
I steer the machine by a spiral thread or threads cut on the face of a disc or
plate attached to the end of the steering rod. This thread or threads gear into a
small pinion with peg or crescent shaped teeth, which is firmly fixed on the pivot
of the steering wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONTRIVANCES FOR SECURING THE ENDS OF THE RIBS OF UMBRELLAS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1879. A
communication from abroad by Madame Bertrand, and J. Didier, Umbrella
Fitting Manufacturers, both of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of 6, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONTRIVANCES FOR SECURING THE ENDS
OF THE RIBS OF UMBRELLAS." A communication from abroad by Madame Bertrand
and J. Didier, Umbrella Fitting Manufacturers, both of the City of Paris, in the
Republic of France.
This Invention refers to that class of device employed to secure the ends of the
ribs of umbrellas when they are closed, and usually consist of a sliding cup and
tube.
The cup like the tube is made by the usual means employed in the manufacture
of such articles. The characteristic feature of the Invention consists in the com-
bination of these two parts, which by their method of construction obviates the
use of solder, screws, or interior rim or rundle.
The cup portion has the peculiarity that at the small circular opening at the
top it has a slight rim or projection for connecting it with the tube, which is readily
effected by reason of the diameter of the opening being made to exactly correspond
with that of the tube. This rim or projection forms one of the essential features of
the cup. The tube like the cup is made by the usual known methods, and at each
of its sides it bears a zone forming a crown.
In connecting and adjusting the two pieces it suffices to introduce the projection
of the cup into the circular opening of the tube, this projection is then beaten or
bent by means of a press and punch.
A single movement suffices to establish the junction, and this mounting is effected
with the greatest rapidity and solidity.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Brookes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th September 1879.
« IM-
THOMAS BROOKES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING."
My Invention consists in driving the bobbin on which the doubled yarn is
wound so as to unwind the doubled yarn at any required speed, and in driving
the flyer by which the doubled and twisted yarn is wound on the bobbin in the
contrary direction to that of the first named bobbin, thereby giving twist to the
yarn at both ends in opposite directions.
Between the supply and the taking up bobbins are placed the ordinary delivery
rollers.
By this means any amount of twist can be given to the doubled yarn without
increasing the speeds of the bobbins beyond the limit at which the spindles can be
driven with safety and economy.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR PRODUCING DESIGNS IN RELIEF ON METALLIC OR NON-METALLIC SHEETS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Coulson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th June 1879.
SAMUEL COULSON, of Sheffield, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR PRODUCING DESIGNS IN RELIEF ON METALLIC OR
NON-METALLIC SHEETS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the means and appliances for pro-
ducing designs in relief on metallic or non-metallic sheets.
The sheets to which I purpose to apply the designs in relief are aluminium or its
alloys, gold or its alloys, silver or its alloys, platinum or its alloys.
In carrying my Invention into effect, I first prepare a plate of sufficient hardness
and durability with the required design by engraving or otherwise indenting it
therein; upon the sheet which is to receive the aforesaid design I secure or place a
sheet of soft metallic or other substance.
The engraved plate and the sheet which is to receive the impression, together
with the sheet of soft material, are then pressed by the operation of rolling in a
rotating press, or by the pressure of a reciprocating press, by the action of either of
which the design on the engraved plate will be reproduced in relief on the sheet in
juxtaposition to it.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR UNLOADING GRAIN AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES FROM SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS, AND DEPOSITING SAME IN WAREHOUSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gillett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1879.
JOHN GILLETT, of Melksham, in the County of Wilts.
"IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR UNLOADING GRAIN AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES FROM SHIPS AND OTHER
VESSELS, AND DEPOSITING SAME IN WAREHOUSES."
According to this Invention I elevate grain or other similar substances by means
of a continuous action of a bucket elevator and a single or double archimedian
screw, or belt or chain conveyer, in a tube or trough so connected and arranged that
they can be raised or lowered as required, according to the depth from which the
grain is to be raised and the height to which it is to be delivered, and also moved
horizontally as required, according to the distance between and relative position of
the warehouse and the part of the ship's hold whence it draws. I also apply
hydraulic or other power to this apparatus for the aforesaid raising and lowering
purpose. The mode of carrying this Invention into effect is as follows:-The
"buckets" of the elevator are connected by chain or band and worked in any
ordinary and well known manner by steam or other power. The head of the
elevator is so jointed to the trough or tube of the conveyer that the latter can
swing in a vertical plane and both partake of a transverse movement, or the head
may be fixed transversely and the tube or trough oscillate. The other or delivery
end of the tube of the conveyer enters the warehouse and is there provided with
travelling appliances so as to admit of being projected from or drawn into the
warehouse or rails or otherwise as required. Or it may be found desirable to
attach the tube or trough of the conveyer to the end of a lever (or derrick), in
which case it would move in the arc of a circle, the radius of which would be
determined by the length of lever or derrick. This apparatus is connected to a
derrick or jib which by hydraulic (or other) power raises the elevator out of the
ship or barge, or lowers the same down thereinto as required. The hydraulic
cylinder or cylinders may be arranged in a paralled line or otherwise with the
derrick. According to another arrangement I apply the hydraulic cylinders
directly against and vertically below some intermediate point of the conveyer

page_text: trough or tube, the weight of which is counterbalanced more or less by chains
passing over pulleys, and having weights working in hollow coluinns which also
serve to guide the cross head of the hydraulic-ram-or-piston-rod-Or the ram may
be dispensed with and the weights immersed in water in the hollow columns so
as to rise on the admission of water, or by letting the water out a reverse action is
obtained...
MACHINERY FOR DRAWING SHEET METALS, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLIPPING OR EDGING AND SCOURING ARTICLES OF DRAWN SHEET METAL
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick J. Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1879.
FREDERICK J. TAYLOR, (Firm of Messieurs Bradley and Taylor,) of Wakefield,
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
in the County of York, Engineer and Machine Maker.
MACHINERY FOR DRAWING SHEET METALS, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
CLIPPING OR EDGING AND SCOURING ARTICLES OF DRAWN SHEET METAL."
This Invention relates, firstly, to improved machinery for drawing sheet metals,
and is namely designed for operating on stouter sheets (iron) such as used in the
manufacture of "fry" pans, and other like articles.
Secondly. To improved apparatus to be employed in clipping or edging the
articles when drawn, such apparatus ensuring the automatic and accurate adjustment
of position of the article to be operated upon by the press cutter or edging
instrument. Thirdly. To improved appliances for scouring or finishing articles of
sheet metal such as aforesaid. According to this my Invention I employ for
securing the necessary motion or traverse of the pressure plate and drawing punch
cams so constructed as to give the traverse both in the downward and upward
motions of plates and punch; these came are under the bed plate, rendering the
machine far more compact, and affords greatly increased facilities for adjustment by
the attendant. To secure the true clipping or edging of the articles when drawn
I employ a press and cutter; central to the latter is a chuck or projection in form
similar to the interior of the article to be clipped or edged. When the punch
descends the chuck or projection enters the article to be operated upon and ensures
its true position under the punch, so that accuracy in placing the article under the
punch is not dependant on the attendant of the machine. The apparatus employed
in the securing comprises a vessel containing emery and oil; within is a revolving
disc on which the fry pan or other article to be scoured is placed; over the vessel is
a main lever and duplicate lever, both being binged and capable of lateral motion
and of being raised when necessary. From each lever is a pendant scouring tool faced
with lead, the outer one being of form as to fit the interior of the rim or flange of
of the article under operation; the traverse of the tools aided by the oil and emery
during the rotation of the article scours and polishes its surface. On completion of
operation a central spindle is raised through the axis of the revolving disc by foot
lever and lifts the article clear of the disc.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CAMP STOOLS, APPLICABLE ALSO IN PART TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Gray at the Office of
the Cominissioners of Patents on the 2nd April 1879. A communication from
abroad by Sylvester N. Stewart, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
"
JOHN WILLIAM GRAY, of No, 27, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN CAMP
STOOLS, APPLICABLE ALSO IN PART TO OTHER PURPOSES." [A communication from
abroad by Sylvester N. Stewart, of Paris, in the Republic of France.]
This Invention relates to improvements in camp stools, applicable also in part to
other purposes. According to my Invention I form each pair of legs of the camp
stool by sawing (with ordinary fine band saw) a cylindrical or other shaped piece
of wood into two equal parts lengthwise. The saw cut is passed in one direction
up the centre of the length of the piece of wood until arrived nearly midway
between its ends, when the wood is gradually turned round until the cut, within a
comparatively short distance, arrives at a direction at right angles to its first part,
and this direction is continued through the remainder of the length of the wood.
Thus the inner surfaces of the lower portions of the separate parts are at right
angles to those of their upper part. To form a pair of legs the two parts are
centred together below the curved or spiral portion of their inner surfaces. The
full width of the wood employed is thus presented at right angles to the direction
of the rivet or centrepin, and also the full width in the reverse direction is presented
at the top to the cross rails which connect the upper ends of the two pairs of legs
together. Great strength and compactness is thus obtained. The legs are dove-
tailed or otherwise fixed into the rails and additionally secured by screws.
flexible seat is fixed across the two rails in the ordinary manner. The cross brace
or traverse uniting the two pairs of legs at the points where they are centred
together may be a piece of metal or wooden tube placed loosely upon a wire or thin
rod, the ends of which replace the two rivets of an ordinary camp stool; or this
brace may be formed of one solid piece of metal whose diminished ends replace the
two said rivets. The inner surfaces of each pair of legs are brought quite close
together when the stool is folded, except for the thickness of the intervening folded
seat. If this small separation is to be avoided the upper interior surfaces of the
The

page_text: legs must be cut away equal in extent to the thickness of the folded seat; or the
seat must be folded outwards and buttoned down over on one side, and this will
effectually prevent the stool opening till wanted.
It will be obvious that the form of legs above described may be applied to
folding tables, folding cots, folding chair canes, and other similar articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATION OF WATERPROOF AND OTHER GARMENTS, AND IN HAND VENTILATORS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Quin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February 1879.
JAMES QUIN, of Leyland, in the County of Lancaster, India-rubber Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATION OF WATERPROOF AND OTHER GARMENTS, AND
IN HAND VENTILATORS."
The objects of my improvements are to provide simple, convenient, and efficient
means of ventilation for waterproof and other garments, and also means of charging
airbags and the like as used for and in lifesaving dresses in combination with
ordinary garments or separately; and further, an effective hand ventilator to be used
either in connection with or without perfuming arrangements, and for all other
personal requirements and conveniences appertaining to ventilation.
The simplest manner of providing means for the escape of air from underneath
garments is to insert tubes of water proof or other materials in the seams or in
other convenient places at the required intervals, the tubes communicating between
the open atmosphere and the air under the garment, the tube lying horizontal or
sloping upwards from the outside to the inside. But as this is merely a natural
ventilation insufficient under certain circunstances, I provide means of artificial
ventilation which I also use for charging air reservoirs, and as band appliances in
the following manner:—
I employ a small spring bellows, to which I connect one or moro flexible tubes of
suitable diameter and length. This bellows may be a fixture inside or outside the
garment, or between the lining, or it may be loose in any position and its inlet so
placed that the air supply is drawn either from within or without, that is to say,
from under the garment or garments, or from the fresh air, and the flexible tubes
may be fixed in positions to suit the requirements of the case. If the object be to
inject fresh air a tube mouth may be placed in all the principal parts of the
garment which requires ventilation, and by the fresh air being injected the foul air
would be ejected. If the object is to expel vitiated air the tube mouths may lead
to the open atmosphere, and the space to be ventilated may be put in communi-
cation with the inlet to the bellows. For the life saving dressos or air reservoirs
in other garments the same arrangement may be adopted, one or moro tubes being
connected therewith, and a valve or valves provided to prevent the escape of air
from the reservoir or to effect the same when desired. For hand ventilation the
bellows and tubes may be carried loose or may be temporarily fixed in convenient
positions. Instead of the bellows, hollow india rubber balls or bladders, or elastic

page_text: bags of convenient shape may be used, and in all cases the bellows or other means
adopted may be so placed that they are actuated by hand when desired, or placed
in positions where the actions of the body will produce the necessary motion.
Any number of bellows or other appliances may be used, and I usually prefer
placing one of them in each pocket.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBRES
Year: 1879

page_text: :
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jonathan Mason at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1879.
JONATHAN MASON, of Illingworth, in the Parish of Halifax, in the County of
York, Spindle and Flyer Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING
AND DOUBLING FIBRES."
This Invention relates to the class of machinery for spinning and doubling fibres,
in which a tube and wharl are used upon a fixed or stationary spindle, the object
of the Invention being a more economical and effectual lubrication of the spindle
and tube.
'
.
The Invention further relates to an improved combination of improved spindle,
tube, and ring for ring spinning.
According to this my Invention I construct the fixed or stationary spindle
hollow, so that the interior of the spindle serves as a reservoir for oil, and at a
distance from the top of the spindle is bored one or more holes communicating with
the interior or hollow of the spindle; the rapid rotation and centrifugal action of the
revolving tube exhausts or draws the oil to and through the hole or holes in the
spindle, thereby lubricating the exterior of the spindle and interior of the tube
revolving thereon; the upper end of the spindle is dished or countersunk so as to
facilitate the application of oil to the reservoir.
The improved apparatus above described will be used also in combination with
ring and carrier for ring spinning.
:
IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Morton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th March 1879.
ALEXANDER MORTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer. "IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR PROPELLING VESSELS."
This Invention, which relates to improved means for the propulsion of vessels,
has for its object to increase the thrust upon the screw propeller and also upon the
vessel itself in the manner hereinafter described.
According to my Invention I surround the screw propeller concentrically by
a conical or conoidal envelope or casing, so arranged that its larger or wider end
shall look forward whilst its smaller or narrower converging end shall look aft. It
is preferred to rivet or bolt the said conical casing to the stern of the vessel by
means of stringers or brackets, and at such a position that the said conical casing
shall have its wider end ahead or in advance of the contained screw propeller, whilst
the narrow converging end may extend just so far aft as to deliver the current of
water set in motion by the screw propeller in a straight or approximately straight
line astern, similar to the manner in which a jet of water is delivered from any
similar converging conoidal nozzle.
The result of employing the aforesaid arrangement is not only to increase the
thrust from the screw but also to create an extra thrust upon the vessel itself, an
advantage which arises from the unbalanced pressure within and without the
hereinbefore referred to conical casing or envelope.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ENAMELLING CAST AND WROUGHT IRON HOLLOW-WARE AND OTHER ARTICLES OF METAL
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Woodhead and Alfred Orme
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1879.
JOSEPH WOODHEAD, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Enameller,
and ALFRED ORME, of the Firm of Orme, Evans, and Co., of Wolverhampton afore-
said, Manufacturers of Enamelled Wares. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENAMELLING CAST
AND WROUGHT IRON HOLLOW-WARE AND OTHER ARTICLES OF METAL."
This Invention relates to improvements in enamelling the articles named in the
title, so as to give a lustrous metallic appearance to the surface of the enamel.
The articles to be enamelled are first coated with vitreous enamel which is fused
in an ordinary muffle, and the vitreous enamel is afterwards coated with a metallic
compound, such, for instance, as chloride of platinum mixed with oils, or oxide of
gold, oxide of tin, quicksilver and white lead ground up together or other com-
pound containing the metal or compound metal which it is desired shall form the
surface of the enamel. After the coating of metallic compound is laid upon the
enamel the article is again subjected to the action of heat, when a bright metallic
Justre is produced.
This enamel is specially useful for reflectors and other articles requiring a
brilliant surface.