Improvements in Stoves.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1896-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves.
JAMES FLEMING, of Shakopee, Scott County, Minnesota, United States of
America, Clergyman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in stoves, its object being to provide an
improved construction of the same, having both inner and outer radiating
surfaces, and adapted to give the maximum amount of heat with the minimum
of fuel.
The bject of the invention is more particularly to provide a stove which will
burn either solid or liquid fuel without any interchanging of parts, and also to
construct the fire box and included air ducts as to substantially cut off the heat
radiation through the rear wall, and allow the maximum radiation through the side
walls, where there is greater need for it.
The invention further consists in the several improved features of construction
and combination hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.
In the drawings;
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the invention, partially broken away to show the
interior construction;
Fig. 2 is a top elevation of the same partially broken away, and
Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross section taken on line - of Fig. 1.
In the drawings A represents the fire box of the stove, provided with the
grate 2, and having underneath the same the space 3, which serves to admit air to
the fire box, and in which an ash pan may be placed to receive ashes from the
grate.
In each of the four corners of the fire box is the triangular air duct 4 opening
to the outer air at the bottom of the stove, and each connected by means of the
pipe 5 with the air chamber 6, centrally arranged above the fire box. Each of
the air ducts 4 (see Fig. 3) has one of its sides adjacent the right angled corner
considerably wider than the other similar side, so as to cover a greater amount of
one wall of the fire box, than of the other wall, for the purposes hereinafter
described.
The air chamber 6 is arranged some distance inside of the outer wall 7 of the
stove, forming a space 8 leading from the top of the fire box to the smoke outlet 9,
which pipe is provided with the controlling chamber 10. The outlet pipe is formed
with a branch pipe 11, extending downward adjacent the stove to approximately
the bottom, and being supported by a bracket 12 connected to the rear of the fire
box. This branch pipe is open at the bottom, and provided with a controlling
damper 13, whereby the draft may be checked or equalized for the different kinds
of fuel used.
In Fig. 1 the stove is shown fitted with an oil burner 14 which is connected with
the source of supply by means of the pipe 15 passing through the opening 16 in
the rear wall of the fire box, and being supported by brackets 17 upon the branch
pipe 11.
By having the air ducts 4 arranged in the rear corners of the fire box, constructed
as shown in Fig. 3, most of the rear wall is covered, there being merely sufficient
space left between the ducts to permit the carrying into the fire box of the oil

page_text: inlet pipe. The opposite ducts arranged in the front corners of the fire box have
their narrow sides next the front wall so as to give room to the large side door
opening 19.
It will thus be seen that a comparatively large radiating surface is left at the
two sides, and front, while the rear wall is nearly covered by the air duets.
The purpose of this is that the greatest amount of heat may be radiated from
the sides where persons are most apt to be sitting, and a less amount from the rear
where there is less necessity for it."
By having the air ducts arranged in the corners of the fire box, the space is
utilized where there is normally comparatively little combustion, and thus practically
do not decrease the efficient capacity of the fire box.
In use, the inner air chamber 6 may be connected with any of the other rooms
by the pipe 18, the heat radiating from the outer wall of the stove serving to heat
the room in which it is placed, while the heat from the inner drum passes to the
other rooms.
The air chamber 6 is of greater capacity than the combined capacity of the
pipes 5, so that the passage of the air through the chamber is slower than through
the ducts, and is thus subjected for a greater length of time to the heat radiated
from the conduit 8.
By means of the branch pipe 11 the air draft can be regulated so as to permit
of the hurning of either solid fuel or oil without any interchanging of parts,
and by the mere insertion of the oil burner connected with the source of supply.
In the use of coal or wood, the damper in the branch pipe would be closed so
as not to interfere with the front draft, while in the use of oil or gas it would
be necessary to open the damper in the branch pipe so as to equalize or check
the draft.
In some cases it may be desired to use the stove with oil or gas, where it is
impossible to get chimney connection, and in such case, the necessary draft is
secured by means of the draft openings 20 in the crown sheet 21 of the stove.
These openings are kept normally closed by means of a slide 22.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. In a stove of the class described, the combination with the rectangular fire
box and the centrally arranged air chamber above the same, of the triangular
air ducts arranged in the respective corners of the fire box opening to the
outer air at the bottom of the stove, the converging pipes connecting said air
ducts with said centrally arranged air chamher, and the conduit hetween the
central air chamber and the outer wall of the stove connecting the fire box with
the smoke outlet.
2. In a stove of the class described, the combination with the rectangular fire
box and the centrally arranged air chamber above the same, of the triangular
air ducts arranged in the respective corners of said fire box opening at their
bottoms to the outer air, and connected at their tops with the centrally
arranged air chamber, the air ducts in the rear corners of said fire box covering
more of the rear wall than the side wall space, so as to permit the maximum
amount of radiation through the side walls, and the conduit between the air
chamber and the outer wall of the stove connecting the fire box with the smoke
outlet pipe.
3. In a stove of the class described, the combination with the rectangular fire
box and the centrally arranged air chamber above the same, of the triangular
air ducts arranged in the respective corners of said fire box and opening at their
bottoms to the outer air, and connected at their tops with said centrally arranged
air chamber, the conduit between the air chamber and outer wall of the stove,
connecting the fire box with the smoke outlet pipe, and the damper controlled
branch pipe extending parallel with the wall of the stove and adapted to admit air

page_text: to the smoke outlet, whereby the draft may be checked or equalized, said branch
pipe also serving as a support for an oil supply pipe connected with the burner
removably arranged within the fire box.
Dated this 21st day of July 1896.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.