Improvements in Furnace Bars.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1891-Accepted, ist Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnace Bars.
I, SAMUEL ALBERT JOHNSON of 3 Montagu Place in the Parish of Poplar,
London, E. Marine Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
By my improvements in furnace or fire bars propose to form same somewhat
similar in form and method of support. to that of the ordinary type of furnace
bar, but having their top face cut downwards at regular intervals towards the
centre or depth of the bar at a desired or suitable angle apart, or at a right angle
or thereabouts from the side of the bar, so that when the several bars are brought
together side by side, the said recessed or open spaces for the admission of air,
shall not meet as in line opposite cach other. The sides may be grooved or
hollowed out at certain distances apart in the depth of the bar if deemed
necessary.
It will be found in practice that by slotting or cutting out portions of the top
face of the bar and recessed downward at a particular angle, as may be found most
preferable, and arranging same in respect, so that they do not meet opposite or in
line to one another, in manner just described, so that a continuous upper face is
presented for the burning fuel to rest on the bars, and by the effective widening of
the air openings or channels it enables the fuel to be thoroughly consumed.
"
The strength of fire or furnace bars as constructed on my plan is uniformly
maintained by adding to and strengthening the under portion of the bar to a like
or "falling
extent to that taken from the upper portion, and the "wearing away
through" of the bars is prevented and will be found very durable in comparison
with others in use and much lighter. By this method the air is uniformly
distributed and smoke is almost prevented as the fuel is thoroughly consumed in
the furnace.
Dated this 20th day of January 1891.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnace Bars.
1, SAMUEL ALBERT JOHNSON, of 3 Montagu Place, in the Parish of Poplar,
London, E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying sheet of drawings:-
1
By my improvements in furnace or fire bars I propose to form same so that their
upper or top face is cut downwards at regular or certain intervals towards the
centre or depth of the bar at a desired or suitable angle apart, or at a right
angle or thereabouts from the side of the bar, so that when the several bars are
brought together side by side, the said recessed or open spaces for the admission
of air shall not meet as in line opposite each other.
The sides may be grooved or hollowed out at certain distances apart in the depth
of the bar as may be found advisable.
It will be found in practice that by the particular method I propose to adopt of
slotting or cutting out or forming portions of the top face of the bar and recessing
same downwards at a particular angle (as may be found most preferable) and
arranging same in such manner, so that they do not meet opposite or in line to
one another in manner just described, that a continuous upper face is presented
EP 871'

page_text: for the burning fuel to rest on the bars, and by the effective widening of the air
openings or channels, the air is more uniformly distributed throughout the entire
grate surface, enabling the fuel to be thoroughly consumed in the furnace and
materially aiding toward the prevention of smoke.
According to my invention I may propose to either so form and construct furnace
bars as to be either cast or formed in a solid state complete, or I may so construct
furnace bars having interchangable or detachable sectional parts instead, (and as in
the latter case) so that they may be built up in parts, and each of the heads or
upper portions forming the face of the bar, would at an agreed depth of the lower
portions of same, have their thickness reduced or recessed on both sides so as to
form a neck or shoulder, into which a flat or corrugated longitudinal plate fits on
both sides of same, and upon the top edges of which throughout the length
of same the said neck or shoulders of the entire length of the bar so formed rests;
and the entire sectional portions or parts when so fitted complete in position
are then securely bolted, dovetailed or otherwise suitably connected together ready
for use.
By so constructing fire bars in separate or detachable parts in like or similar
manner to that just described, that as soon as the heat of the furnace wholly or
partially destroys any particular portion of the furnace bar,—by my method the
burnt or damaged part can be easily detached; in the first instance, by releasing
the nuts and bolts or other connections securing the bar together, likewise the
longitudinal side plates, the burnt or damaged sectional part or portion forming
the bar, can then be at once released or taken apart and out of position, when a
spare sectional part or portion can be easily renewed and fitted in place of same.
By these means, partially destroyed fire bars can be renewed or made good
without having to waste the end pieces or other portions, a great saving would
thereby be effected, as relays of entire new bars would not be required, but only a
few of the spare sectional parts need be kept in stock instead, which would prove of
great value, especially for sea going vessels and in many other cases.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1, exhibits a longitudinal elevation
of my improved form of furnace bar, which may be cast or formed in a solid state
of either iron or steel with chilled faces or surfaces or otherwise, as may be found
most suitable for the particular purpose intended. Figure 2, is a top plan of same,
shewing a duplicate bar alongside and in the relative position they would occupy
one to the other when in the furnace; in the said Figures 1 and 2, a, a, refers to
the upper or top portion of the several heads forming the face of each furnace bar,
and each of which are angularly recessed downwards at certain agreed intervals
apart, toward the centre or depth of the bar as at b, b, leaving the tapered or
angulated open air face spaces c, c, between same, which are so disposed that when
the several bars are brought in position together side by side (as shewn at Figure 2)
the recessed or open air spaces do not meet in line opposite to each other, and the
air openings c, c, at the surface or face of the bar being of lesser area in each case
to those of the lower recessed openings or parts in connection, which are of larger
area and the air freely entering therein passes in an upward direction through the
openings c, c, and becomes thereby thoroughly distributed among the fuel and the
entire grate surface.
Both in this and in other like class of furnace bars, the sides of the bars may at
certain intervals apart be grooved or hollowed out as indicated, which further
assists in giving free ingress or way for the passage of air upwards through the
tapered or angular recessed openings at the lower or wider part as at b, b, toward
the narrower or face spaces or parts c, c. Furnace bars constructed in manner
just described wherein the individual strength of each bar may if wished be
uniformly, increased by adding to the under sectional portion of the bar to a like
or approaching extent to that taken from the upper portion of the bar.
Instead of making furnace bars entirely solid and as in manner previously described
and illustrated by Figures 1 and 2, I have shewn a further class of furnace bar (as
herein before referred to) and of a like or similar principle of action to that fully

page_text: described and illustrated by Figures 1 and 2, but having interchangable or
sectional portions or parts built up and secured together in suitable manner;
wherein, Figure 3, exhibits a side or longitudinal view and Figure 4, a top plan of
such a class of built up or part interchangable bar as proposed.
Figure 5, is a longitudinal or bottom plan view, in section, but to an enlarged
scale looking as from underneath of one of the sectional or interchangable portions
of a bar shewing the air spaces or inlets D, D. Figure 6, is a vertical or cross
sectional view to an enlarged scale likewise shewing one method for connecting or
securing same to the longitudinal plates. In these several views the following
letters of reference apply to like or corresponding parts of same.
A and A¹, are
the end pieces or portions forming part of a fire bar. The detachable or sectional
parts are formed with either one, two or more headed or face portions in one block
or piece together, with air spaces at about right angles to the face of the bar; (or
at any other suitable angle thereto) but I have for example shewn as in the
drawing at Figures 3, 4 and 5, three headed or face portions as forming one sectional
or detachable block, segment or part, with which the bar is built up in its length,
and as indicated by the letters B. B. B. B' B' B¹ B B B B B B'. Each of
the headed or face portions as aforesaid forming the sectional or detachable
portion or part; and having at an agreed depth to the lower portions thereof, a
recess made on both sides so as to form a neck or shoulder, and in the space so
formed a longitudinal plate C, C, is fitted in at each side, and upon the top edges
of which in its length the neck or shoulders of the sectional parts fit and rest ;
and when all are in position, they are securely bolted or connected together and
the bar is then complete.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,―
In the general construction of furnace bars with angular air spaces as in
combination with angular division spaces, recessed and tapered downwards at
certain intervals so that furnace bars may be made either as in one solid piece
or in several sections or pieces built up in manner substantially as herein
described, illustrated and set forth, made of either steel or iron or both with chilled
faces or surfaces or otherwise to suit particular cases or circumstances.
Dated this 27th day of June 1891.
S. A. JOHNSON.