Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Slubbing, Roving, Spinning, and Doubling Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Slubbing, Roving,
Spinning, and Doubling Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
I THOMAS SCHOFIELD WHITWORTH of 85 Choir Street Lower Broughton
Manchester in the County of Lancaster Machinist do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SLUBBING
ROVING SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS to be as
follows:-
>
The object of the first part of my invention is the reduction of the strain to
which the yarn or thread spun or doubled in ring spinning machines is subjected
when being spun and wound upon a smaller part of a cop bobbin or spool or upon
a bare spindle to accomplish which object I employ arrangements in which the
first part of my invention consists and by which I control regulate or govern the
winding of the yarn or thread on to the cop bobbin or spool or spindle by means
of the tension of the yarn or thread being wound-In one of my arrangements for
accomplishing the object above mentioned I employ a spindle supported by a foot-
step which footstep is carried by a spindle-rail upon which spindle and so as to be
capable of being rotated thereon I mount a tube carrying a wharve or pulley and
also carrying a frame or flyer supported at its upper end by a bearing carried by
the frame of the machine within which bearing the said frame may be rotated and
which bearing is formed tubular to allow the yarn or thread to pass through it-
Mounted fast upon the spindle previously mentioned is a disc or pulley the boss
of which disc or pulley supports the wharve or pulley and frame or flyer above
referred to-In the copping or ring rail ordinarily employed I form an annular
groove in which I mount a ring in which ring are formed slots or holes through
which slots or boles the sides of the frame or flyer above mentioned pass-The
yarn or thread to be spun or doubled in its passage to the cop bobbin spool or tube
upon the spindle above mentioned acts against one end of a lever, capable of being
turned upon a fulcrum carried by the spindle-rail-The lever above referred to is
provided with a projecting part which at times as will be hereinafter pointed out-
is caused by a weight or spring attached to the lever above mentioned to act upon
the disc or pulley previously mentioned-When rotary motion is imparted to the
wharve or pulley and frame or flyer above mentioned the ring above referred to
will be caused to rotate and will by means of a loop or eye through which the yarn
or thread passes cause such yarn or thread to revolve for the purpose of being spun
-

page_text: or doubled I cause the yarn or thread when spun or doubled to be wound upon
the cop bobbin spool or tube in the following manner-If when the wharve or
pulley frame or flyer and ring above mentioned are rotating the tension upon the
yarn or thread be too small the lever above referred to will be allowed to turn so
as to bring the projecting part formed thereon through the action of a weight
formed or placed thereon against the disc or pulley above mentioned and thereby
retard the rotation of the said dise or pulley and cause a winding-on of the yarn
or thread to take place and if the tension upon the yarn or thread become too
great the lever above referred to will be caused to turn so that the projecting part
formed thereon will act upon the disc or, pulley before mentioned in a less degree
and the winding-on of the yarn or thread will decrease-In order that the action
of the lever above-mentioned on the disc or plate above referred to may be regulated
I provide the said lever with an arm upon which arm so as to be capable of being
adjusted thereon I mount a weight.
In order to enable the cop bobbin or spool to be removed from the spindle above
referred to I form such spindle with a hinge or joint so that a portion of such
spindle may be turned outward to allow tlie cop bobbin or spool to be removed
therefrom and I retain the said spindle when at work in correct working position
by means of a spring or catch-I provide the disc or pulley above-mentioned with
flanges so as to form the upper part of such disc or pulley into a reservoir to contain
oil or other lubricant for lubricating the spindle and tube above mentioned and
the bearing carrying such spindle and tube-In order to prevent oil or other
lubricating material from escaping from the bearing at the upper end of the frame
or flyer above mentioned I form a cup or receptacle upon such frame which cup or
receptacle surrounds the bearing above referred to-I have above described the
lever by which the tension of the yarn or thread regulates controls or governs the
winding-on of such yarn or thread as being used in conjunction with one spindle
only but I propose in some cases to cause such lever to be acted upon by a number
of yarns or threads and to regulate control or govern the winding of yarn or thread
on to a number of spindles-In some cases I propose to wind the yarn or thread
upon a spindle skewer bobbin or spool or tube one end of which spindle skewer
bobbin or spool or tube I retain in working position by a pin or recess upon or in
the upper part of the frame or flyer above mentioned and support and impart
rotary motion to such spindle skewer bobbin or spool or tube by means of a cup
recess or projection formed in or upon the upper part of a short spindle the weight
`of the spindle skewer bobbin or spool or tube above referred to and the frame above
mentioned tending to keep such spindle skewer bobbin or spool or tube in contact
with the parts by which it is driven-In some cases I apply a fixed brake to each
of the spindles before-mentioned which brake I form in two portions connected by
means of a spring or hinge and which brake may be adjusted upon the spindle to
which it is applied by means of screws. I place the portion of the brake above
mentioned which acts upon the spindle in the reservoir containing oil or other
lubricating material which reservoir is formed upon the disc or pulley above-
described so as to keep the said brake lubricated.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Slubbing, Roving,
Spinning, and Doubling Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
I THOMAS SCHOFIELD WHITWORTH of 85 Choir Street Lower Broughton
Manchester in the County of Lancaster Machinist do hereby declare the nature.
of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SLUBBING
ROVING SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is the reduction of the strain to which the yarn or
thread spun or doubled in ring spinning machines is subjected when being wound
upon the smaller part of a cop bobbin or spool or upon a bare spindle to accomplish
which object I employ arrangements in which my invention consists and by which
I control regulate or govern the winding of the yarn or thread on to the cop
bobbin or spool or spindle by means of the tension of the yarn or thread being
wound.
In order that my invention may be fully understood and carried into effect
I will now proceed to describe the same by reference to the drawing hereunto
annexed.
One arrangement of apparatus for accomplishing the object of my invention is
shown by Fig. 1 of the drawing hereunto annexed which figure is an elevation
partly in section and by Figs. 2. 3. 4 which are views of detached parts. a is a
spindle supported by a footstep b carried by the spindle-rail -d is the bolster-rail
secured to and carried by which bolster rail d is a bolster e..
Upon the spindle a so as to be capable of being rotated thereon is mounted a
tube which tube f is capable of being rotated in the bolster e and fast upon
which tube f is mounted a wharve or pulley g. Formed with the wharve or
pulley g is a part g¹ which is formed square. The lower end of the part g¹ is
formed with a shoulder g²-h is a plate in which plate h. is formed a square hole
which square hole passes on to the square part g¹ the plate resting upon the
shoulder g².
Carried by the plate h is a frame or flyer ; which frame or flyer ; I provide with
a bearing or journal k which is capable of being rotated within a. collar. / carried
by a projecting bracket m secured to the roller-beam of the machine in which the
spindle a is employed. The bearing or journal k is provided with a tubular
opening A communicating with an opening B. Fast upon the spindle a I mount a
disc n.
o. is the copping or ring-rail in which copping or ring-rail o I form an
annular groove p in which annular groove p I mount a ring q shown more clearly
in the detached view Fig. 3 which ring q capable of being freely rotated in the
annular groove p. In the ring q I form slots or holes 8. 8. through which slots or
holes 8 8 the sides j.j. of the frame or flyerj pass-t is a lever supported by and
capable of being turned upon a pin or fulcrum u carried by a part v secured to the
spindle-rail c. One end of an arm w is jointed by means of a pin c to the lever t.
On the remaining end of the arm w. is formed a part y. the lower end of which.
party resta upon the upper surface n of the disc n. The inner portion y¹ of the.
part y next to the spindle a is, formed curved and is: at. times pressed against, the

page_text: spindle a. so as to act as a brake to retard the rotation of the spindle. The surface
of the part y next to the spindle a may be lined with leather or other suitable
material To the upper end of the lever t is secured a plate z through which is
formed an eye or opening z¹ through which the yarn or thread being spun or
doubled is passed-Secured to the lower end of the lever t is an arm t¹ from which
arm t¹ is suspended a weight t².
The right hand portion of Fig. 5 shows the method in which a spindle con-
structed as above described is applied to an ordinary spinning or doubling frame-
In Fig. 5 similar letters of reference are applied to parts corresponding to parts
above described in reference to Figs. 1. 2. 3 and 4, as have been above applied to
the corresponding parts above described in reference to Figs. 1. 2. 3 and 4, 1 is a
cross-frame which carries the roller-beam 2 which roller-beam 2 supports the
drawing-roller 3. Secured to the roller beam 2 is the bracket m which supports
the upper end of the frame or flyer ; upon the cross frame 1 are projections 4
which carry the spindle-rail c and upon the cross frame 1 are projections which
support the bolster-rail d. The copping or ring rail o is raised and lowered by
means of the poker-bars 5 chain 6 and shaft 7 by means of any of the arrange-
ments ordinarily employed in ring-spinning and doubling machines. The yarn or
thread to be spun or doubled passes from the rollers 3 through the eye or opening z¹
in the plate into the tubular opening A through the opening B to the hook or
eye 8 secured to the ring q from which hook or eye 8 the said yarn or thread
passes to the spindle a.
The wharve or pulley g receives rotary motion from the drums 9 by means of a
band 10. The rotation of the wharve or pulley g and frame or flyer ; will cause
the ring q to be rotated in the groove and by means of the hook or eye 8 will
cause the yarn or thread to be wound upon the spindle a. The weight of the
levert and the weight 2 suspended from the arm t₁ of such lever t will tend to
turn the lever t in the direction indicated by the arrow C. and cause the edge of
the eye or opening ¹ to bear against the yarn or thread being spun or doubled at
the point D. The weight 2 is so adjusted in position upon the arm t¹ of the
levert that the end y¹ of the arm w will press against the spindle a with sufficient
force when the lever t is in the position shown in the drawing, to retard the
rotation of the disc n so as to impart the requisite amount of tension to the yarn
or thread while being wound upon the spindle a.
As the yarn or thread spun or doubled is wound upon the spindle a the yarn or
thread while being wound upon the spindle a will as the cop is being built be
wound on varying diameters and the winding on varying diameters will tend to
vary the tension upon the yarn or thread in its passages from the rollers 3 to the
spindle a. Through the bracket m is formed a slot or opening m³ which slot or
opening m¹ acts as a guide for the upper ond of the lever t and the ends m³ m³ of
the slot or opening m¹ serve to prevent the lever t from being moved beyond a
certain distance in the direction indicated by the arrow Cor in a direction opposite
to that indicated by the arrow C.
When the parts are in the positions in which they are shown in the drawing the
yarn or thread spun or doubled is being wound upon the spindle a When the
yarn or thread
being wound upon a larger part of the cop being built or formed
upon the spindle a the tension upon the yarn or thread will decrease so that the
tension of the yarn or thread will no longer cause the yarn or thread to support
the lever t at the point D and the lever t will be allowed to turn in the direction
indicated by the arrow C and by turning in the direction indicated by the arrow C
cause the end y¹ of the arm w to bear. upon the spindle a with a greater amount
of force so as to retard the rotation of the spindle a and thus increase the tension
of the yarn or thread being wound on to the spindle a. If from any cause the
tension of the yarn or thread increases to more than the required amount, the
increased tension of such yarn or thread will cause the upper end of the levert to
turn in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow C-By, turning in a
direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow C the levert will move the end y

page_text: of the arm wand thus reduce the friction between the part y' of the arm w and
the spindle à and so allowing the spindle a to be more easily rotated by the yarn
or thread being wound upon such spindle a will reduce the tension of such yarn
or thread.
It will be readily understood from the foregoing description that the tension of
the yarn or thread being wound upon the spindle a will be kept nearly constant
whether the said yarn or thread being wound upon the bare spindle or upon a
larger part of the cop.
In order that the cop formed upon the spindle a may be removed from such
spindle a the upper part al of the spindle a. is connected to the lower part of such
spindle by means of a hinged joint 11 and the upper part a¹ of the spindle a
is kept in a vertical position by its upper end a passing into the lower part of the
tubular opening A-The journal or bearing k is made longer than the collar 7 in
which it rotates and the plate h can be slidden upward upon the square part y¹.
When it is desired to doff or remove a cop from the spindle a the frame or flyer j
is raised until the tubular opening A is clear of the top a² of the spindle a the
length of the journal or bearing k and the square part g¹ allowing such raising of
the frame or flyerj to take place. The upper part a¹ of the spindle a is then
turned until the cop can be removed therefrom after which the upper part of the
spindle is returned to its vertical position and the frame or flyerj is again lowered
when the tubular opening will again retain the upper part a¹ of the spindle a in
its vertical position.
Upon the bearing or journal & I form a cup ¹ to contain oil or other lubricant
for lubricating the bearing or journal k which cup k' also serves to prevent the
said oil or other lubricant from coming in contact with the yarn or thread being
spun or doubled. Around the circumference of the disc n I form a raised flange n
so as to form a reservoir for containing oil or other lubricating material to lubricate
the upper surface n¹ of the disc n.
In some cases instead of connecting the upper part a¹ of the spindle a upon
which the yarn or thread formning the cop is wound to the lower part of such
spindle a by means of a hinge 11 I form upon the lower part of the spindle a. as
shown in the detached view Fig. 4 a square cup or socket as into which cup or
socket a³ is passed the lower end of the spindle or skewer a* upon which the yarn.
or thread forming the cop is wound. I form the lower end of the spindle or
skewer a square so that it may fit into the square cup or socket a³ of the lower
part of the spindle a.
To the bracket m I secure one end of a spring 12 shown in plan in the detached
view Fig. 7 which spring when placed above the cup k¹ formed upon the outside
of the journal or bearing k prevents the frame or flyer ; from moving vertically.
When it is desired to move the frame or flyer j vertically in order to doff or
remove the cop or for any other purpose the spring 12 is turned until the said
spring 12 is clear of the cup. If when the frame or flyer j is raised the spring 12
be allowed to press against the cup ke it will retain the frame or flyerj in a raised
position as long as may be required.
Another modification of my invention is shown by Fig. 8 and by the left hand
portion of Fig. 5 similar letters of reference being applied to corresponding parts in
Fig. and in the left hand portion of Fig. 5-13 is a spindle-rail to which spindle-
rail 13 is secured a bolster 14 which bolster 14 is provided with a flange 14 and a
nut 15 by which the said bolster 14 may be secured to the spindle-rail 13-Upon
the outside of the bolster 14 and free to be rotated thereon is a wharve or
pulley 16. The wharve or pulley 16 is prevented from being drawn upwards by
the nut 17 which is screwed upon the bolster 14-Formed with the wharve or
pulley 16 is a part 16 which is formed square The lower end of the part 16º is
formed with a shoulder 16b as shown in the detached view Fig. 9-18 is a plate in
which plate 18 is formed a square hole which square hole passes on to the square
part 16 the plate 18 resting upon the shoulder 16b-19 is the copping or ring-rail
in which copping or ring rail' 19 is formed an annular groove 20 in which and

page_text: capable of being rotated therein is a ring 21 to which ring 21 I attach a hook or
eye 22-23 is a frame or flyer having at its upper end a bearing or journal 24
capable of being rotated in a collar 25 which collar 25 is supported in a bracket 26
carried by the roller-beam 27.-Longitudinally through the journal or bearing 24
I form an opening E. Carried by a bracket 28 projecting from the spindle-
rail 13 is a pin 29 supported by and capable of being turned upon which pin 29
is a lever 30. To the upper end of the lever 30. is secured a plate 31 through
which plate 31 is formed a hole or eye 32. To the lower end of the lever 30
is secured an arun 33-Within the bolster 14 is formed a passage 34 in which
passage 34, and capable of being slidden longitudinally therein is a rod 35 the
lower end of which rod 35 rests upon the arm 33-In the upper end of the
rod 35 is formed a recess into which recess passes the lower end of a spindle 36
capable of being slidden in a passage formed in the upper portion of the.bolster 14.
The spindle 36 is provided with a circular flange or collar 37 the upper surface of
which flange or collar 37 at times as will be hereinafter pointed out arrives
in contact with projections 38 formed upon the frame or flyer 23 and may also at
times arrive in contact with the upper end of the nut 27-39 is a spindle or skewer
the lower part of which spindle or skewer 39 is so formed that it may be passed
into the square socket formed in the upper part of the spindle 36. To the sides 23
of the frame or flyer 23 is secured a cross bar 40 through the centre of which cross
bar 40 is formed a hole which hole receives the top 39% of the spindle or skewer 39.
From the ordinary drawing-rollers 41 of the spinning or doubling machine the
yarn or thread to be spun or doubled is conducted to and passes through the hole
or eye 32 formed in the plate 31 then through the opening E then through the
hook or eye 22 secured to the ring 21-From the hook or eye 22 the yarn or
thread passes to the spindle or skewer 39-Rotary motion is communicated to the
wharve or pulley 16 by means of the band 42 from the drums 9. The rotation of
the wharve 10 will by means of the square part 16a impart rotary motion to the
plate 18 and frame or flyer 23. The rotation of the frame or flyer will cause the
ring 21 to be rotated in the groove 20 and the yarn or thread will carry the spindle
or skewer 39 round in a direction the same as that in which the ring 21 is rotated.
The weight of the lever 30 plate 31 arm 33 and parts supported by the said arm 33
is such that when the yarn or thread is passing from the rollers 41 to the spindle
or skewer.39 the lever 30 and the parts supported thereby will be maintained by
the yarn or thread passing through the eye or opening 32 in the positions in which
they are shown in the drawing.
As the diameter of the yarn or thread wound upon the spindle or skewer 39
increases and the yarn or thread is wound upon a larger part of the cop the tension
upon the yarn or thread will decrease and the reduced tension of the yarn or
thread will allow the lever 30 to turn in the direction indicated by the arrow F.
The turning of the lever 30 in the direction indicated by the arrow F will allow
the bar 33 rod 35 spindle 36 flange 37 and spindle or skewer 39 to descend until
the flange 37 arrives in contact with the nut 17 when the nut 17 will act as a
brake and retard the rotation of the flange 37 and spindle or skewer 39 and so
increase the tension upon the yarn or thread until the increased tension of the
yarn or thread causes such yarn or thread in its passage from the rollers 41 to
the spindle or skewer 39 to turn the lever 30 upon the pin 29 in a direction
opposite to that indicated by the arrow such turning of the lever 30 will raise
the rod 35 spindle 36 and spindle or skewer 39 until the upper surface of the
flange 37 arrives in contact with the projections 38 upon the frame 23.
When the upper surface of the flange 37 arrives in contact with the pro-
jections 38 the flange 37 and spindle or skewer 39 will be carried in the same
direction as that in which the frame or flyer 23 is rotated so that the tension upon
the yarn or thread passing from the rollers 41 to the spindle or skewer 39 will be
caused to decrease and the lever 30 being no longer supported will turn in the
direction indicated by the arrow F and allow the upper surface of the flange 37 to
pass out of contact with the projections 38.

page_text: It will be readily understood from the foregoing description that the tension of
the yarn or thread being wound upon the spindle or skewer 39, will be kept
nearly constant whether the yarn or thread is being wound upon the bare spindle
or upon a larger part of the cop-Upon the frame or flyer 23 I form a cup or
recess 43 for receiving oil or other lubricant for lubricating the journal or bearing 24
and collar 25.
When it is desired to doff or remove a cop from the spindle or skewer 39 the
frame or flyer 23 is raised until the hole in the cross-bar 40 is clear of the top 39
of the spindle or skewer 39 the length of the journal or bearing 24 and the square
part 16 allowing such raising of the frame or flyer 23 to take place-The spindle
or skewer 39 is then removed from the socket formed upon the upper end of the
spindle 36 and after the cop has been removed from the spindle or skewer 39 such
spindle or skewer 39 is replaced in the socket formed upon the upper end of the
spindle 36 and the frame or flyer 23 is returned to the position in which it is
shown in the drawing-If desired instead of the spindle or skewer 39 being
removed from the cop formed thereon such spindle or skewer may be allowed to
remain for a time in the said cop and a fresh spindle or skewer may be placed in
the socket formed upon the upper end of the spindle 36 before the frame or flyer 23
is returned to the position in which it is shown in the drawing.
To the bracket 26 I secure one end of a spring 44 shown in plan in the
detached view Fig. 9 which spring 44 when placed above the cup 43 formed upon
the outside of the bearing or journal 24 prevents the frame or flyer 23 from moving
vertically. When it is desired to move the frame or flyer 23 vertically in order to
doff or remove the cop or for any other purpose the spring 44 is turned until the
said spring 44 is clear of the cup 43. If when the frame or flyer 23 is raised the
spring 44 be allowed to press against the cup 43 it will retain the said frame or
flyer 23 in a raised position as long as may be required.
In some cases instead of employing a spindle or skewer 39 passing into the
socket formed upon the upper end of the spindle 36 I employ an arrangement of
apparatus similar to that shown in and above described in reference to Fig. 1 in
which the upper part of the spindle is connected to the lower part of such spindle
by a hinge joint.
In order to obviate the difficulty of passing the yarn or thread through the
comparatively small openings at the upper ends of the frames or flyers j and 23
above described I propose in some cases to employ the arrangement shown by the
detached view Fig. 10-I provide the upper part of the frame or flyer 45 with a
tubular part 46 through which is formed a passage 51 of comparatively large
diameter the outside of which tubular part 46 can be revolved in the collar 47
carried by the bracket 48.
To the frame or flyer 45 I attach a cross-bar 49 in the centre of which cross-
bar 49 I form a recess or socket 50 which serves as a support for the upper end of
the spindle or spindle or skewer to retain such spindle or spindle or skewer in a
vertical position.
By the employment of a passage 51 of large diameter the passing of the yarn or
thread through the passage 51 is greatly facilitated.
A further modification of my invention consists in arrangements by which I am
enabled to modify and regulate the tension of the yarn or thread being wound
during the building or forming of the cop-This modification of my invention is
illustrated by Fig. 11, in which Fig. 11 c is a spindle-rail upon which spindle-rail c
is mounted apparatus similar to that shown in Fig. 1 and hereinbefore described in
reference thereto-To parts corresponding to parts shown in Fig. 1 I shall apply
the same letters of reference as are applied to corresponding parts in Fig. 1-
Secured to the spindle-rail c are brackets 63 which brackets 63 support a shaft 64
which shaft 64 is capable of being turned in the brackets 63 The shaft 64
extends lengthwise of the machine or frame to which this modification of my
invention is applied-I mount upon the shaft 64 levers 65 one for each of the
frames or flyers j employed-I provide each of the levers 65 with a stud u upon

page_text: '
which is mounted the levert by means of which the tension of the yarn or thread
is governed controlled or regulated as above described. Fast upon the shaft 64
I mount a lever 66 which lever 66 I connect in any suitable manner to any
suitable copping-motion or apparatus suitable for being employed for controlling or
regulating the building or formation of a cop so that as the yarn or thread is being
wound at the 'nose of the cop the arm w will when the lever 65 is turned in the
direction indicated by the arrow G be caused to press upon the disc n near to the
axis of the spindle a but when the yarn or thread is wound upon a larger part of
the cop the shaft 64 will be turned in the direction indicated by the arrow H when
the arm w will act upon the surface of the disc n further away from the axis of
the spindle a so that the retarding action of the arm w will be increased when the
yarn or thread is being wound upon a larger part of the cop By this arrangement
I am enabled to govern control or regulate the tension of the yarn or thread
throughout the entire building of a cop.
I would have it understood in reference to all the above described arrangements
and modifications of my invention that I do not confine myself to the use of my
invention precisely.as above described as the method of carrying my invention into
effect may be somewhat varied without departure from the principles of my
invention.
I would further have it understood that although I have above only described
my invention as applied to machinery or apparatus for spinning and doubling
cotton and other fibrous materials my said invention may also be applied to
machinery or apparatus for slubbing and roving cotton and other fibrous materials.
In the foregoing description of my invention I have referred to the sliver yarn
or thread as being built or wound into a cop on the bare spindle or upon a bare
spindle or skewer but I would have it understood that in machines to which my
invention is applied the sliver yarn or thread may be wound upon a bobbin spool
or tube if required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In the arrangement of apparatus for use in machinery or apparatus for
slubbing. roving spinning and doubling cotton and other fibrous materials and
shown in and hereinbefore described in reference to Fig. 1 of the drawing hereunto
annexed the levert constructed arranged and operating substantially as herein-
before described in reference to and shown in and by Fig. 1 of the drawing
hereunto annexed and having its fulcrum u so placed that such levert may
be readily turned upon its fulcrum u by the tension of the sliver yarn or thread
the turning of the lever t acting by means of a brake to maintain the sliver yarn
or thread being wound upon the spindle skewer bobbin spool or tube at a nearly
uniform tension.
2. In the arrangement of apparatus for use in machinery or apparatus for
slubbing roving spinning and doubling cotton and other fibrous materials and
herein before described in reference to Fig. 8 of the drawing hereunto annexed, the
lever 30 provided with an arm 33 and constructed arranged and operating substan-
tially as herein before described in reference to and shown in and by Fig. 8 of the
drawing hereunto annexed and having its fulcrum 29 so placed that such lever 30
may be readily turned upon its fulcrum 29 by the tension of the sliver yarn or
thread the turning of the lever 30 acting so as to raise and lower the spindle
skewer bobbin spool or tube upon which the sliver yarn or thread is being wound
and cause a part 37 connected to the spindle 36 to be removed out of contact with
or placed in contact with a fixed surface and a rotating part or parts so that the
sliver yarn or thread being wound upon the spindle skewer bobbin spool or tube
will be maintained at a nearly uniform tension substantially as herein before
described in reference to and shown in and by Fig. 8 of the drawing hereunto
annexed.
:J
"

page_text: 3. An arrangement of apparatus for governing controlling or regulating the
tension of the slivers yarns or threads being wound upon the spindles skewers
bobbins spools or tubes in which arrangement of apparatus the levers which are
acted upon by the tension of the slivers yarns or threads are mounted upon levers
or arms mounted fast upon a shaft which shaft is operated by a copping-motion or
other similar motion or apparatus so that the tension of the slivers yarns or threads
being wound upon the spindles skewers bobbins spools or tubes will be varied as
the cops are being built or formed or as the slivers yarns or threads are wound upon
the spindles skewers bobbins spools or tubes substantially as herein before described
in reference to and shown in and by Fig. Ll of the drawing hereunto annexed.
4. In connection with the arrangements herein before described in reference to
and shown in and by the drawing hereunto annexed a loose spindle or skewer
constructed arranged and used substantially as hereinbefore described in reference
to and shown in and by the drawing hereunto annexed upon which loose spindle or
skewer the sliver yarn or thread may be wound and which loose spindle or skewer
may be removed along with the sliver yarn or thread previously wound thereon.
Dated this nineteenth day of January 1886
THOMAS SCHOFIELD WHITWORTH.