IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING GEAR FOR DYNAMOS
Year: 1885

page_text: I HERBERT LINDLEY, of Sandon Engine Works, Salford Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING GEAR FOR DYNAMOS " to be as follows:-
.
The invention relates to improvements in the method of transmitting rotary
motion from a steam-engine, turbine or other prime mover, to the spindles of
dynamo electric machines or from the spindles of electro dynamic machines to
other machinery requiring motive power, such motion being transmitted by means
of what is known as friction driving gear and consists of arrangements whereby.
the dynamo is more easily and efficiently mounted or held for such purpose than
heretofore.
ว
To this end in one form or arrangement of this invention I secure to the base or
foot of a dynamo machine strips having a curved surface, or as they may be called,
rockers, and made preferably of cast iron, such strips or rockers being so secured
and formed that the dynamo machine is capable of a slight rocking motion in the
plane of its spindle. The curved portion or surface of these strips or rockers rests,
each in a groove planed or machined on the face of a cast iron table or support,
such table being capable of a vertical motion or adjustment.
This cast iron table containing the grooves in which rest the rockers, is supported
on cast iron uprights or supports, arranged so that the table containing the grooves.
can be securely bolted or fastened thereto when properly adjusted.
It must also be understood that the rockers may be contained in the adjustable
table and grooves, planed in the strips secured to the dynamo-foot, if such should
be deemed desirable. :
'
:
A friction pulley or bowl secured to one end of the dynamo spindle rests on the
surface of a wheel or pulley, from or to which it is desired to transmit rotary
motion, the pressure between such pulley and wheel being increased to any desired
amount, sufficient to obtain the necessary adhesion for driving by any ordinary
method.
-
The object of the rockers and adjustable table being to enable the surface of the
friction pulley to be held in firm contact, all along the driving surface, with the
wheel that drives it, or that is to be driven, and to ensure that no, undue or
unnecessary pressure is placed or caused in the bearings of the dynamo, and also
to obtain a more firm and solid base for the dynamo, and one less liable to vibration
when working than heretofore,
>

page_text: Improvements in Driving Gear for Dynamos.
I HERBERT LINDLEY of Sandon Engine Works, Salford in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in the method of transmitting rotary
motion from a steam-engine, turbine, or other prime mover, to the spindles of
dynamo electric machines or from the spindles of electro dynamic machines to other
machinery requiring motive power, such motion being transmitted by means of
what is known as friction driving gear and consists of arrangements whereby the
dynamo is more easily and efficiently mounted or held for such purpose than
heretofore.
-
To this end in one form or arrangement of this invention I secure to the base or
foot of a dynamo machine, strips having a curved surface, or as they may be called,
rockers, and made preferably of cast iron, such strips.or rockers being so secured
and formed, that the dynamo machine is capable of a slight rocking motion in the
plane of its spindle. The curved portion or surface of these strips or rockers, rests
each in a groove planed or machined on the face of a cast iron table or support, such
table being capable of a vertical motion or adjustment.
This cast iron table containing the grooves in which rest the rockers, is supported
on cast iron uprights or supports, arranged so that the table containing the grooves
can be securely bolted or fastened thereto when properly adjusted.
It must also be understood that the rockers may be contained in the adjustable
table and grooves, planed in the strips secured to the dynamo foot, if such should
be deemed desirable.
11
A friction pulley or bowl secured to one end of the dynamo spindle rests on the
surface of a wheel or pulley from or to which it, is desired to transmit rotary
motion, the pressure between such pulley and wheel being increased to any desired
amount, sufficient to obtain the necessary adhesion for driving by any ordinary
method.
The object of the rockers and adjustable table being to enable the surface of the
friction pulley to be held in firm contact, all along the driving surface, with the
wheel that drives it, or that is to be driven, and to ensure that no undue or
unnecessary pressure, is placed or caused in, the, bearings of the dynamo, and also
to obtain a more uniform, and solid base for the dynamo, and one less liable to
vibration when working, than heretofore..
And in order that this invention may be better understood I have caused to be
appended hereunto two sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet I, represent side and end elevations respectively of one form
of the apparatus, constructed according to my invention.
A prime motor a is carried on suitable foundation beams e and feet e¹ e¹.
To the beams e, e see Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet I are securely bolted two side
funmos al l

page_text: .
The crank shaft f is prolonged between these frames c¹, c¹ and is supported near
its outer end in a suitable bearing firmly attached to the beams e, e, and beyond
this bearing is overhung on the shaft, the flywheel g which is turned smooth and
quite true and flat on its face.
The friction bowl i which is secured to the spindle h of the dynamo 6 has also
a flat face to ride on the flywheel g.
The frames c¹, c¹ carry two tables c, c constructed so as to be capable of
adjustment in a vertical direction against suitable faces formed on the frames c¹, c¹
by means of screws l & lugs m and capable of being locked securely in position by
bolts as shown in Fig. 1. On the upper plane surfaces of these tables c. c, ride the
rocker bars d, d, which are securely bolted to the frame of the dynamo by bolts
passing through the holes usually provided in such machines for securing them to
any foundation. These rocker bars d, d, are also caused to ride in free sliding
contact, at or as near as convenient to, each end against planed surfaces formed
at, d, on the frames c¹, c¹.
The curved portions of the rocker bars d, d, which ride on the tables c. c, may be
formed in such a position that the line of contact between the curves and the
planes lies on a line falling vertically from the centre of gravity of the dynamo,
before the friction bowl i is secured to the spindle, and the curve of the rockers
may be a circle struck by a radius from the horizontal line passing through the
centre of gravity of the dynamo so that when the dynamo is in its place it will
oscillate freely and will take a position when at rest in which the spindle of the
dynamo will lie in a horizontal plane and parallel with the engine shaft f...
The object of so slinging the machine is to relieve the bearings and spindle from
upward and downward pressure.
'
In practice however, I usually allow a slight preponderance in favour of the
pulley, that is, the rockers are placed so that the centre of their curvature lies
farther away from the pulley than the centre of gravity of the dynamo, I thus
ensure that there shall not be any tendency to relieve or lessen the tension or grip
between the pulley & fly-wheel but rather the reverse.
The spindle h of the dynamo is prolonged beyond the friction bowli & the crank
shaft is also prolonged beyond the fly-wheel g to receive bushes or bearings h¹
and respectively made of gun-metal or other suitable material and. fitted with
suitable lubricators, which bearings h¹ and f¹ are capable of being, drawn together
or separated, by a screwed rod k, This is called the "tightening gear" and by it
the adhesion between the friction surfaces required for transmitting the power; is
obtained.
*
6117
1.1
11.
Spring washers of sufficient resistance may conveniently.be introduced between
a collar on the rod k and the bearing h¹ so as to obtain a. more elastic pressure.
For use on board ship, where the whole apparatus is liable to great and sudden
oscillations, a safety, bolt p may pass through the dynamo and be embraced by
eyebolts, o, o, passing through lugs n, n. formed on the frames, c¹, c, sufficient
play" being however, allowed to permit the rockers to remain free to move.
"
As all the strain produced when driving is transmitted to the side frames c¹, cl,
at the points where the rocker bars bed against the, facings d¹, d¹, the frames, c¹, c¹,
should be of rigid construction and may be tied to each other by braces, or.
stays r, r,.conveniently arranged for this purpose.
"
1
1
The friction bowl i, may be conveniently. made of two cast or wrought iron
cheeks, with a sufficiently broad face of compressed paper, secured between them
by bolts passing through the two cheeks, and the friction, bowl may be secured to
the spindle by a key or keys or by split coned' bushes forced in by a .screw or
screws in a manner well known.
"
The method of working of an apparatus thus constructed is as follows:―The
rising tables c, c are adjusted by the screws 1, 2, to such a position that, the faces
of the friction bowl i, and the fly-wheel g are parallel and in contact across the
whole face of the paper surface of the bowl. The weight of this bowl riding on
the wheel g will' produce a corresponding pressure between these faces, & the
1.

page_text: heavier the bowl can conveniently be made the less will be the tension required
by the tightening gear to obtain the necessary adhesion between the bowl and
wheel to transmit the power of the one to the other.
It is obvious that any required ratio of speed between the flywheel and bowl
may be obtained by proportioning their diameters according to well-known rules
& thus a very high speed of rotation may be imparted to the dynamo spindle, while
the motor may run at any desired; and more moderate, speed.
The whole apparatus is equally applicable as a means of reducing the high speed
of a dynamo when used as a motor so as to impart any required velocity to the
wheel g and shaft f.
i
Instead of the rockers d, d bolted to the underside of the dynamo, a hinge may
be formed by providing a lug or lugs on the rising tables, c. c and securing similar
lugs to the dynamo (or boring holes in the frame of the dynamo itself) to receive
a round pin similar to p. Fig. II, but I prefer to use the rockers as described and
in all cases it is well to use the device described for taking the strain produced,
when transmitting power on the frames c, c¹, at a point as near the friction bowl i
as convenient in order to lessen side motion & vibration.
Figs. III, and IV, Sheet I show another method of constructing the rising table
and rockers as sometimes made, this being the form more particularly referred to
in the provisional specification.
l
The side frames c¹, c' support the rising table c which in this case is made in one
instead of two parts and may therefore be raised by a central screw taking into
a bridge m, which also serves as a tie or brace to stiffen the side frames c¹ c¹.
On the upper face of this table ca groove or grooves are planed out, and into
these grooves, rocker bars d, d are fitted, so as to be free to move as before
described.
The table c is prolonged in. one or both directions and the rocker bars d, d. have
horns d', d, formed at or near their ends so as to project downwards into the same
grooves. in which the rockers ride so that these horns take the strain produced in
driving.
On the rocker bars d which are clear above the table, any form of dynamo can
readily be seated.
The form of table above described is favourable for obtaining rigidity, as the
side frames c¹, c¹, can be securely bolted to each side of it thus forming a strong
pillar or stand.
The forms and constructions of the various parts named in the foregoing
description may be modified in many ways to suit various types of dynamos,
and some parts such as the lugs or the rockers, might be formed as part of the
dynamo, but the general construction has been specially designed with a view to
facilitate the application of the mechanism to various forms of dynamos without
the necessity for special alterations or additions in constructing them and it will be
seen that whatever the general form of the dynamo, or the position, or shape of its
magnets and parts, the rockers & rising table or tables may be easily adapted to
suit same.
This I consider one of the special advantages of my invention,
In cases where several dynamos are required to be driven from one shaft this
apparatus is specially serviceable as the tightening gear is so constructed that the
friction bowl of any dynamo may readily be moved into or out of contact, and the
dynamo thus quickly started or stopped.
Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet II, show a plan and elevation respectively of another form
of this mechanism in which similar parts perform similar functions and are arranged
to obtain the same results.
In this arrangement the dynamo is placed to one side of and not on the top of
the motor shaft. The adjustments are therefore differently arranged and the
rockers are replaced by a pin or trunnion d arranged on a slide c which is capable
of adjustment by screw / and bridge m, in a horizontal direction, and can be locked
in position by a bolt and key plate, as shown..
3

page_text: On this pin & the table c¹ can swivel so that to allow the friction pulley i, to be
brought, as before, into proper contact with the face of the wheel g by means of the
tightening gear k.
It will be noticed however that as the friction bowl does not rest on the top of
the wheel in this arrangement the adhesion before obtained by its weight is lost
and all the pressure required between the frictional surfaces will now require to be
obtained by the tightening gear alone thus throwing much more work and con-
sequent wear onto the tightening bearings f¹, h¹, and for this reason I prefer the
arrangement shown on Sheet I.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
First. The combination of the rising table or tables with the rockers or hinges
arranged for the reception of a dynamo, in the manner and for the purposes
described.
Second. The use of the horns fixed to or forming part of the dynamo or the
rockers and taking into the slots in the rising table, as described and illustrated in
reference to Figs. 3 and 4. Sheet I, or their equivalent as shown at d³, d, in Fig. 1,
Sheet I. substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.
Third. The construction and arrangement of the various parts constituting a
frictional driving gear for dynamos, substantially as described and illustrated in
reference to Figs. 1 to 4 Sheet I.
Lastly. The modification of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 & 2, Sheet 2.