Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 28th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, JAMES MACDONALD STRATTON, of 461, East India Dock Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Marine Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention relates to improvements in steam generators and has for its object
to obtain a larger heating surface and more rapid circulation combined with greater
security than heretofore.
For this purpose I employ a cylindrical boiler or chamber which is supplied with
water in the usual manner but is located outside the wall of the furnace or com-
bustion chamber in such manner that the heat from the furnace does not come into
direct contact therewith and I am thus enabled to construct the boiler of plates of
any desired thickness without risk of burning.
Beneath the cylindrical boiler or chamber and connected therewith by a vertical
pipe or pipes is a horizontal tube of large diameter extending the entire length of
the cylindrical boiler and also upon the outside of the wall of the furnace or com-
bustion chamber and into which tube the boiler water flows and from this large
horizontal tube a number of small circulation pipes or tubes are carried through the
wall and into the furnace or combustion chamber; they are then carried across the
furnace or combustion chamber in an upwardly inclined direction and they then
return at a similar upward inclination to a second large horizontal tube located
outside the furnace or combustion chamber near to the cylindrical boiler and com-
municating with the water and if desired with the steam space in the cylindrical
boiler by means of a branch pipe or pipes; or the small circulation pipes may
be caused to traverse the combustion chamber a greater number of times if
desired.
The small circulation pipes are arranged in groups or clusters located side by
side along the entire width of the furnace or combustion chamber and each cluster
consists of a number of pipes or tubes, disposed one above another and so as to enter
the large horizontal tubes in the same order but in different vertical planes thus
facilitating the employment of a large number of circulation pipes in a given
space.
By these means I obtain a steam generator in which practically the only surface
exposed to the heat of the furnace is that of the small circulation tubes and I am
thus enabled to construct the other parts of the generator of-thicker plate and
consequently of greater strength than heretofore.
In lieu of feeding the water to the cylindrical boiler I sometimes feed it to the
lower horizontal tube and I employ a separate steam chamber located within the
combustion chamber to receive the steam from the small circulating pipes and from
which the steam supply may be taken.
Doted this 14th dow of Anril 1800
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, JAMES MACDONALD STRATTON, of 13, Middleby Street, Edinburgh, in the
County of Mid-Lothian, Marine Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in steam generators, and has for its object
to obtain a larger heating surface and more rapid circulation combined with greater
security than heretofore.
For this purpose I employ a cylindrical boiler or chamber which is supplied with
water in the usual manner but is located outside the wall of the furnace or com-
bustion chamber in such manner that the heat from the furnace does not come into
direct contact therewith and I am thus enabled to construct the boiler of plates of
any desired thickness without risk of burning.
Beneath the cylindrical boiler or chamber and connected therewith by a vertical
pipe or pipes is a horizontal tube or tube box of large diameter extending the entire
length of the cylindrical boiler or combustion chamber and also upon the outside of
the wall of the furnace or combustion chamber and into which tube the boiler water
flows and from this large horizontal tube or tube box a number of small circulation
pipes or tubes are carried through the wall and into the furnace or combustion
chamber, they are then carried across the furnace or combustion chamber in an
upwardly inclined direction and they then return at a similar or other suitable
upward inclination to a second large horizontal tube or tube box located outside the
furnace or combustion chamber near to the cylindrical boiler and communicating
with the water and if desired with the steam space in the cylindrical boiler by means
of a branch pipe or pipes; or the small circulation pipes may be caused to traverse
the combustion chamber a greater number of times if desired.
The small circulation pipes are arranged in groups or clusters located side by
side along the entire width of the furnace or combustion chamber and each cluster
consists of a number of pipes or tubes disposed one above another and so as to
enter the large horizontal tubes in the same order but in different vertical planes
thus facilitating the employment of a large number of circulation pipes in a given
space.
By these means I obtain a steam generator in which practically the only surface
exposed to the heat of the furnace is that of the small circulation tubes and I am
thus enabled to construct the other parts of the generator of thicker plate and
consequently of greater strength than heretofore.
In lieu of feeding the water to the cylindrical boiler I sometimes feed it to the
lower horizontal tube and I employ a separate steam chamber located within the
combustion chamber to receive the steam from the small circulating pipes and from
which the steam supply may be taken.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully to
describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 2 representing
a steam generator constructed according to my invention and arranged more
especially for marine
purposes.
Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof partly in section.
Figure 3 is a transverse snatio

page_text: parts to that shown in the previous figure, the formation of the large horizontal
tubes or tube boxes being somewhat modified.
Figure 6 is a front elevation thereof partly in section.
Figure 7 is an elevation partly in section representing a further modification.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference I have shown my invention arranged as a double generator but for con-
venience of description I have in some of the examples referred only to one set of
parts such as would be employed in a single generator.
Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, a represents the outer wall or case of the
generator and b represents a cylindrical boiler or chamber which is supplied with
water through a feed pipe 6' in the usual manner but is located outside the inner
wall or case c¹ of the furnace or combustion chamber c in such manner that the heat
from the furnace does not come into direct contact therewith and I am thus enabled
to construct the boiler or chamber b of plates of any desired thickness without risk
of burning.
Beneath the cylindrical boiler or chamber b and connected therewith by vertical
pipes is a horizontal tube or tube box e of large diameter extending the entire
length of the cylindrical boiler bas shown and located upon the outside of the wall el
of the furnace or combustion chamber c and into this tube e the water from the
boiler or chamber b flows.
From this large horizontal tube or tube box e a number of small circulation pipes
or tubes are carried through the wall c' and into the furnace or combustion
chamber c; they are then carried across the furnace or combustion chamber in
an upwardly inclined direction and they are then laterally bent and return at a
similar or other suitable upward inclination to another large horizontal tube or
tube box located outside the wall c' of the furnace or combustion chamber e near
to the cylindrical boiler and communicating with the water and if desired with
the steam space in the cylindrical boiler 6 by means of a branch pipe or pipes /;
or the small circulation pipes / may be caused to traverse the combustion chamber c
a greater number of times if desired before entering the horizontal tube or tube
box g.
The small circulation pipes are arranged in groups or clusters located side by
side along the entire width of the furnace or combustion chamber c and each cluster
(as shown more particularly at Figure 1) consists of a number of pipes or tubes f
disposed one above another and so as to enter the large horizontal tubes or
tube boxes e and g in the same order but in different vertical planes (as shown more
particularly at Figure 2) thus facilitating the employment of a large number of
circulation pipes in a given space.
When, however the circulation pipes fare carried three or more times across the
furnace or combustion chamber they may if desired be caused to return to the
vertical plane in which they started, with the same economy of space.
By these means I obtain a steam generator in which practically the only surface
upon which the heat of the furnace c' is required to act is that of the small
circulation tubes f and I am thus enabled to construct the other parts of the
generator of thicker plate and consequently of greater strength than heretofore.
In the example given at Figure 4 in lieu of placing the horizontal tubes or
tube boxes e and g outside the furnace or combustion chamber c and beneath the
boiler b as represented in the previous figures they are placed within the furnace
and located near to the outer wall a and two horizontal tubes e and corresponding
connecting pipes d are necessarily employed instead of one.
The boiler or chamber 6 is protected from the extreme heat of the furnace by a
casing or coating 62 of non-conducting or other suitable material but the horizontal
tubes or tube boxes e and g and the circulation pipes fare exposed to the direct
action of the flames and products of combustion.
In the example given at Figures 5 and 6 the arrangement of parts is very
similar to that lastly herein before described but in this case the wall or casing a is
hollow and divided horizontally by a partition a* in order to form the horizontal

page_text: tubes or tube boxes e and g which are connected by the circulation pipes f whilst
additional pipes /* located above the water level connect the steam spaces of the
horizontal tubes or tube boxes g with the steam space of the boiler b.
In the example given at Figure 7, in lieu of feeding the water to the boiler or
chamber as hereinbefore described it is fed to the lower horizontal tube or tube
box e which in this case is located outside the wall c' of the furnace or combustion
chamber c and the boiler or chamber which is located within the combustion
chamber c acts as a superheating chamber to receive the steam passing into it by
way of the connecting pipes * from the circulation pipes and horizontal tubes
which are also located within the combustion chamber c and the tubes g are con-
nected below the water level by a pipe from which the pipe & leads to the
horizontal tube e in order to complete the circulation of the water.
By this arrangement of parts I am enabled to take a supply of dry or super-
hcated steam from the boiler or chamber b or I may dispense with a separate boiler
or steam chamber b and form a steam chest upon one or both of the tubes
take my steam supply therefrom.
and
Suitable hand holes may be provided in the horizontal tubes in order to facilitate
the cleansing of the same as will be readily understood.
By the peculiar arrangement of the circulation pipes herein shown and described
I obtain great flexibility and thus provide for the natural expansion and contraction
thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in steam generators herein shown and described.
2. In a steam generator the combination of a lower tube or tube box, an upper
tube or tube box, a connecting pipe and a cluster of circulation pipes passing to
and fro with an upward inclination across the furnace or combustion chamber and
disposed one above another and bent laterally at each turn so as to vary the vertical
plane of each cluster at each traverse substantially as herein shown and described.
3. In a steam generator the combination of a lower tube or tube box, an upper
tube or tube box and a connecting pipe all located outside the wall of the furnace
or combustion chamber with a chister of circulation pipes passing to and fro with
an upward inclination across the furnace or combustion chamber and disposed one
above another and bent laterally at each turn so as to vary the vertical plane of
each cluster at each traverse substantially as herein shown and described.
4. In a steam generator the combination of a lower tube or tube box, an upper
tube or tube box, a boiler or chamber and connecting pipes all located outside the
wall of the furnace or combustion chamber with a cluster of circulation pipes passing
to and fro with an upward inclination across the furnace or combustion chamber,
and disposed one above another and bent laterally at each turn so as to vary the
vertical plane of each cluster at each traverse substantially as herein shown and
described.
5. In a steam generator the combination of a lower tube or tube box, an upper
tube or tube box both located outside the wall of the furnace or combustion
chamber and suitably connected, a cluster of circulation pipes passing to and fro
with an upward inclination across the furnace or combustion chamber and disposed
one above another and bent laterally at each turn so as to vary the vertical plane
of each cluster at each traverse with a superheating chamber located within the
walls of the furnace or combustion chamber substantially as herein shown and
described.
Dated this 28th day of November 1890
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.