Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Ventilating Buildings or Structures.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 7th July, 1892-Accepted, 20th Aug. 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
· Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Ventilating
Buildings or Structures.
I, HENRY ALFRED POOLE, of 8, Cheetham Street, Rochdale, in the County
of Lancaster, Boot & Shoe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
1
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for-
ventilating buildings, such as public buildings, dwelling-houses, green-houses,.
shippons, stables, and other structures.
The object of my improvements are to provide a simple and effective method.
and apparatus whereby the windows of buildings or structures can be automatically
gradually opened or closed, strictly in accordance with the rise and fall of the
temperature of the atmosphere and thereby fresh or cool air admitted or excluded
as necessity may arise.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section of my improved method of and apparatus
for ventilating buildings or structures, showing the window closed.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of the middle portion thereof.
Fig. 3 shows the apparatus after it has opened the window.
In carrying out my invention the improvements consist in utilizing the
atmosphere for the expansion of a volume of confined atmospheric or compressed
air, or gases generated by liquid, and causing such air or gas in connection with
suitable mediums to operate the window or windows of buildings or structures and
admit or exclude fresh or cool air as may be required.
The atmospheric or compressed air or other gas I store-in a stationary reservoir a
of suitable shape, furnished with an inlet tap band a pipe c, having also a tap d
leading to a stationary chamber e furnished at its lower end with a suitable valve f.
The chamber e, at its bottom and side, is surrounded by a water receptacle g,
having at its lower end a drain tap and being suspended from a forked rocking
lever i, by means of rods k. The other end of the lever i is jointed to a link and
the latter to the window m to be opened and closed.
The receptacle g and the chamber e are supplied with water, the latter by means
of the inlet ', which water, on the apparatus being in operation, passes from the
chamber e into the receptacle y through the valve fand vice versa.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
Assuming the window m, valve f and taps & d are closed, see Fig. 1, the
tap d is opened, which allows the air or other gas in the vessel a to expand, either
by reason of its previous compression or the external influence of the atmosphere
when rising in degree, or by reason of both. The pressure thus created, through
pipe c, acts onto the head of water in the chamber e, which forces the valve foff
its seat and allows the water to enter the receptacle g and thereby increases its
weight. The latter being suspended from the rocking lever i, draws down the
respective end, whilst the other end rises and by means of its link opens the
window m, as shown in Fig. 3.
On the temperature of the atmosphere falling in degree the pressure in the air
or gas vessel a is reduced to its normal condition, which permits the window m by
reason of its own weight, or by a weight n arranged on the lever i, to fall back
and close, which action is assisted by the suction consequently created in
pipe c.

page_text: In the meantime the rocking: lever i raises the receptacle y and thereby forces
the water received from the chamber e back into the latter until the bottom of
the receptacle y abuts against the valve fand closes-it.
The air or gas reservoir a may be fixed in any suitable position preferably
where it will be most sensitive to the action or change of temperature of the
atmosphere and the windows may be of any other construction than that shown
in annexed drawing as may be found most suitable.
The invention described is also applicable for opening and closing doors or
shutters for ventilating purposes and such, as well as windows, may be operated in
series by one apparatus instead of individually.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim, is-
1st. The method of ventilating buildings or structures, consisting in the use of
atmospheric air for the expansion of a volume of confined atmospheric or com-
pressed air or other gas and in utilizing the pressure thereby created, through
suitable connections, for the opening and closing of windows, doors, shutters or
the like, so as to admit or exclude fresh or cool air exactly in proportion to the
rise and fall of the temperature of the atmosphere, substantially as set forth.
2nd. In the method of ventilating buildings or structures, specified in the
preceding claim, a reservoir a containing atmospheric or compressed air or other
gases in combination with a chamber e, having a valve f, the reservoir a com-
municating with the chamber e by means of a pipe c the chamber e being
positioned inside a water receptacle y suspended from a lever i suitably connected
with and adapted to open and close windows m, doors, shutters or the like,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 1st day of Jul 1809
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.