IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING HOOKS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Evans, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING
HOOKS." Partly a communication from abroad by Samuel Lagwitz, of
Name Las in the Linital Stains of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Evans at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
5th June 1867.
the
I, ISAAC EVANS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPRING HOOKS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in making double hooks or hooks having double
heads and beaks, the one passing the other, and the beaks in opposite
directions, so that the head of the hook is in two thicknesses, thus forming a
spring hook, which may have a swivel or loop attached to it according to the
use for which it may be intended.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isaac Evans in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th
December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
EVANS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of June. in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Isaac
Evans, Her special license, that I, the said Isaac Evans, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I. the said Isaac Evans, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SPRING HOOKS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that 1, the said Isaac Evans, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Isaac Evans, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention consists in making double hooks or hooks having double
heads and beaks, the one passing the other, and the beaks in opposite direc-
tions, so that the head of the hook is in two thicknesses, thus forming a spring
hook, which may have a swivel or loop attached to it according to the use for
which it may be intended.
My Invention will be better understood by referring to the accompanying
Drawings. in which Figures 1, 2, and 3 are intended to shew the various
stages, forms, or processes through which a blank has to pass in order to
produce one of my improved spring hooks, as shewn in front and edge views
at Figure 4. 1 take a suitable length of wire or other required section of

page_text: metal, and first produce the form of Figure 1; it is then again bent into the
shape of Figure 2 by means of press tools, or in any other suitable manner,
after which by suitable press tools or other similar means for flattening or
planishing one side of each of the beaks or hooks is flattened or planished, as
as shewn at (a), Figure 3. but on the reverse sides to each other, and upon
the other head or beak (a) is formed an indent (b); thus produced the
two parts of the hook are brought together so that the flattened sides meet and
overlap each other, as shewn at Figure 4, the end of the hook may be suitably
pinched or squeezed by the action of press tools into the form seen at (c) to
receive a swivel or loop according to the use for which it may be intended.
Figures 5 and 6 shew the hook with a loop and swivel attached thereto,
the mode by which I prefer to attach such loops or swivels is by forming an
oblong or oval hole through the neck portion (c) of the swivel or loop, and
then passing the end (c) of the hook through the hole and compressing the
neck (c) in such manner that the oval or oblong hole is forced into a circular
from and fits upon the compressed portion of the end (c) of the hook.
Figure 7 illustrates in front and edge views a method of forming my double
hooks so as to obtain a provision, as at (d), for attachment to any desired
articic out of one piece of metal; Figure 8 shewing a blank for such purpose
partially operated upon. The loop (d) may assume any desired outline; and
in place of the indent (b) already specified at Figure 3, I propose in some
instances to turn up, or partially so, the end of one of the beaks, as at (c),
which will thus afford a substitute for the indent. Or, again, as illustrated in
front and edge views at Figure 9, I purpose forming the ends of these hooks
into a crooked or bent form, as being more suitable for some of the purposes
to which my hooks are applicable, such, for instance, as closing down upon
dog chains.
Figures 10 and 11 shew in front and edge views other form of hooks,
which are of a ring shape, and are suitable for a variety of purposes, such as
substitutes for ordinary key rings or split rings.
Figure 12 illustrates in front and edge views and part sectional edge view
the principle of my improved hook applied as a coupling hook guard or
swivel for watch chains and other like purposes. (f) is an ordinary swivel
top piece in which I cut a recess for receiving the jaw (g) or one half or
beak of the hook, the other half (g) may be formed solid or part of the
swivel piece or boss (); the moveable jaw (g) is hinged upon a pin (h)
passing through the boss (), and may be provided with a thumb bit or
projection (i), the jaw (g) being kept in position and closed upon the other
half (g) by means of a suitable spring which may be of a helical form

page_text: as here shewn in the section or other suitable shape. To open this jaw (9)
for the admission of a ring or other attachment it is merely requisite to press
upon the thumb piece or projection (i), which will force or open outwards, as
indicated in dotted lines, the jaw piece or beak (g), upon the pressure being
removed the action of the spring will close the parts; or by forcing between
the parts of the hook the article to be attached, the power of the spring being
for the moment overcome, the thumb piece may be dispensed with.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be carried into effect, I do not limit myself to the precise
details or mere outlines of the various hooks specified and shewn to illustrate
my Invention, but that which I claim is the several improvements in spring
hooks, substantially as herein more fully set forth and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Evans, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
ISAAC EVANS. (L.S.)