IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Brigg and Thomas Hargreaves Brigg, of Bradford,.
in the County of York, Machine Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 3rd September 1878, and dated the 18th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Brigg and Thomas
Hargreaves Brigg at the. Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th
March 1878.
CHARLES BRIGG and THOMAS HARGREAVES BRIGG, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPA-
RATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
This Invention relates to employing an apparatus for delivering the warps with
equal tension from end to end without manual labour; also to employing a self-
acting apparatus for reducing the pressure on the piece beam as the fabrics are woven
and wound on the beam.
For the purpose of delivering the warps with equal tension and for pulling back
we fit on each end of the back of the loom frame curved brackets which are secured
by bolts and nuts; the bottom ends of these brackets are made curved to suit the
circle of the hooped ends of the warp beam, but shoes can be fitted on the
brackets in which the hooped ends can be placed; the curves of the brackets or
the shoes are lined by preference with cloth, but leather or any other suitable
material can be employed; on the tops of the warp-beam hoops we fit caps which
are also lined with cloth or any suitable material; the caps have projecting pieces
formed on the tops and in the centre; over the caps we fit levers whose fulcrums
work in bosses made on the tops of the brackets; the levers are made with
openings in which fit the projecting pieces of the caps, preventing the caps moving
out of position; the levers project over the warp beam, and the ends are made
hooked; over the hooks are passed the looped ends of rods, having also loops
formed on the other ends; these loops are passed under fingers formed on the top

page_text: of vertical levers which work on studs fitted in bosses cast on the curved brackets;
one of these vertical levers is made with a jaw in which is fitted a stud on which
works a bell-cranked hand lever; the lever is for the purpose of putting the
weight on the warps, or removing the same for pulling back and regulating pur-
poses; a hole is cast in the end of the bell-crank lever in which is hooked a long
rod extending across the loom and connecting the two vertical levers together; the
rod passes through the end of the vertical lever to which no bell crank is fixed,
and the distance from the fulcrum to the centre of the rod is equal to the distance
of the fulcrum and centre of the bell-crank lever to equalize the weight on both
ends of the warp beam; the end of the rod passing through the long vertical lever
is screwed and made to project through the levor; on the projecting screwed end
is placed a spiral spring which is compressed against the lever by lock nuts, enabling
the placing of the required weight at the beginning of the warp. For looms for
weaving light goods we only fit one apparatus on one end of the warp beam; in
this case the long rod passes through a bracket which is bolted to the spur rail of
the loom; the end is screwed and also fitted with a spiral spring and lock nute.
A hole is cast in the handle of the bell-crank lever in which is hooked a hook
fixed to a chain or cord; the other end of the chain or cord is fixed to a pulley
round which the chain or cord is wound on and off; the pulley is actuated by a
worm wheel and worm, the worm being worked by a catch wheel which is actuated
by a catch or pawl formed on a rod having a bent end; under the warp is passed
a bar supported in brackets fixed on the false rail of the loom over which the
warps pass; the bar is held up by looped rods at each end, and held in position by
springs, which are regulated by nuts fitted over the springs; as the tension on the
warps increases the bar lowers and the bottom of the bar comes in contact with the
bent end of the pawl rod, pulling down the rod and pawl, bringing down one tooth
of the catch wheel actuating the worm and worm wheel, turning the pulley, un-
winding the chain or cord, and lowering the handle of the bell-crank lever, and
taking off the required weight. This automatic or self-regulating motion can be
applied to looms employing for the warp beam, ropes, levers, and weights.
The self-acting apparatus for reducing the pressure on the piece beam as the
fabrics are woven and wound on the beam is constructed with supports which
hold up the piece beam; the supports are connected to levers which are fitted on
studa fixed to the spur rail of the loom; the levers are fixed in such a position
that when the fabric is wound on the beam the pressure or weight placed on the
fabrics decreases; the levers are made with jaws, to which are fixed chains or cords,
which pass over friction pullies fitted to a frame fixed on the spur rail; the ends of
the chains or ropes are fastened to a spindle, on which is placed a spiral spring,
which is regulated to any required degree of weight by being compressed to suit
any class of work; a hand wheel is employed, which is fitted on a screwed end of
the spindle which releases the piece beam from the fluted beam, both ends at once,
enabling the removal of the piece or fabric.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Brigg and Thomas Hargreaves Brigg in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 17th September 1878.
CHARLES BRIGG and THOMAS HARGREAVES BRIGG, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPA-
RATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
The said Invention relates to employing an apparatus for delivering the warps
with equal tension from end to end without manual labour; also in employing a
self-acting apparatus for reducing the pressure on the piece beam as the fabrics are
woven and wound on the beam.
For the purpose of delivering the warps with equal tension and for pulling back
we fit on each end of the back of the loom frame curved brackets which are secured
by bolts and nuts; the bottom ends of these brackets are made curved to suit the
circle of the hooped ends of the warp beam, but shoes can be fitted on the brackets
in which the hooped ends can be placed; the curves of the brackets or of the shoes
are lined by preference with cloth, but leather or any other suitable material can
be employed; on the tops of the warp-beam hoops we fit caps which are also
lined, and by preference with cloth; the caps have projecting pieces formed on the
top and in the centre; over the caps we fit levers, the fulcrums of which work in
bosses made on the tops of the brackets; the levers are made with openings in
which fit the projecting pieces of the caps, preventing the caps moving out of
position; the levers project over the warp beam, and the ends are made hooked, and
over the hooks are passed the looped ends of rods, having also loops formed on the
other ends; these loops are passed under fingers formed on the top of vertical
levers which work on studs fitted in bossos cast on the curved brackets. One of the
vertical levers is made with a jaw, in which is fitted a stud, and on which works a
bell-cranked hand lever; this lever is for the purpose of putting the weight on the
warps or removing the same for pulling back and regulating purposes. A hole is
cast in the end of the bell-crank lever, in which is hooked a long rod extending
across the loom and connecting the two vertical levers together; the end of the
rod passes through the end of the other vertical lever; the distances from the
fulcrum to the centre of the rod in both levers are equal to equalize the weight on
both ends of the warp beam; the end of the rod is screwed and made to project,
and over which end is placed a spiral spring, which is compressed against the lever
by a lock nut or nuts, allowing of placing the required weight at the beginning of
the warp. For looms weaving light goods we fit in some cases one apparatus on
one end of the warp beam; in this case the long rod passes through a bracket
which is bolted to the spur rail of the loom; the end of the rod is screwed and also
fitted with a spiral spring, with lock nut or nuts; the handle of the bell-crank
lever is made with an opening, to which is attached a cord; the other end of the
cord is fixed to a pulley, round which the cord is wound on and off; the pulley is
actuated by a worm wheel and worm, the worm being worked by a catch wheel,
which is actuated by a catch or pawl fitted on a lever; under the warps is passed
a bar supported in bearers working in brackets fixed on the false rail of the loom
over which the warps pass; the bar is held up by looped rods or bearers at each
end and held in position by springs which are regulated by nuts fitted over the
springs. As the tension on the warps increases the bar lowers and the bottom of
the bar comes in contact with a stud fitted in the lower arm of the pawl lever,
which pulls forward the pawl lever and pawl, actuating one tooth, or several teeth
of the catch wheel, actuating the worm and worm wheel, turning the pulley which
unwinds the cord and lowers the handle of the bell-crank lever, taking off the

page_text: •
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required weight. This automatic or self-regulating motion can be applied to looms
employing for the warp beam, ropes, levers, and weights.
The self-acting apparatus for reducing the pressure on the piece beam as the
fabrics are woven and wound on the beam is constructed with supports which hold
up the piece beam; the supports are connected to levers which are fitted on studs
fixed in brackets bolted to the spur rail of the loom; the levers are fixed in such a
position that when the fabric is wound on the beam the pressure or weight placed
on the fabrics decreases; the levers are made with jaws, to which are fitted or fixed
chains or cords which pass over friction pullics fitted to a frame or bracket fixed to
the spur rail; the ends of the chains or cords are fastened to a spindle, over which
is placed a spiral spring, which is regulated to any degree of weight by being com-
pressed to suit any class of work; the pressure is placed on and off by a hand wheel
which is fitted on a screwed end of the spindle, and which releases the piece beam
from the fluted beam, both ends at once, enabling the reinoval of the piece or fabric.
Or we fit on the centre of the spur rail of the loom a bracket, on the top of which
we fit a worm wheel in which are fitted studs having heads, in which rods are
passed; at one end of the rods are fitted or hooked in holes cast near the bottom
ends of the piece-beam supports; the other ends are passed through the bolt heads,
over which are placed spiral springs compressed to the required pressure by nuts;
the worm wheel is actuated by a worm which is worked by a small handle fitted on
the worm shaft; the stud heads are fitted opposite each other so that when the
worm wheel is turned on it places any degree of weight to suit any class of work;
and by turning back the worm the piece beam is released from the fluted beam.
But in order to enable our improvements to be better understood we will proceed
to more particularly describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing,
in which Figure 1 represents a front elevation of our improved apparatus for deli-
vering the warps with equal tension from end to end without manual labour;
Figure 2, side elevation of the same.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation, drawn full size, of automatic or self-regu-
lating motion.
Figure 4, front view; and Figure 5, side view of the same.
Figure 6 represents a front elevation of improved self-acting apparatus for
reducing the pressure on the piece beam as the fabrics are woven and wound on the
beam.
Figure 7, side view; and Figure 8, a plan of the same.
Similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures to represent similar
parts.
At the back of the loom and on the frames we fit at each end curved brackets A,
which are secured by bolts and nuts; the bottom end B is curved to suit the hooped
end C of the warp beam D; the curved end is lined, and by preference with cloth
E; on the top of the hooped end C is fitted a cap F, which is also lined; the cap
is made with a projection G, on which fits a recessed part of a lever H; the lever
works on a stud I, fitted in a boss J, cast on the bracket A; the end of the lever H
is made with a hook K, on which is placed the looped end L of a rod M; the other
end of the rod is also made with a loop N, which is passed over a finger O of a ver-
tical lever P; the lever works on a stud Q, which is fitted in a boss R cast on the
bracket A; two vertical lovers P and P', are employed; the lever P is formed with
a jaw S, in which is fitted a stud T, on which works a bell-cranked lever U, having
a handle V formed with an opening W; the bottom arm of the bell-crank lever is
cast with a hole in which is passed the end of a rod X, which extends across the
loom and passes through a hole formed in the boss Y of the lever P¹; the end of
the rod is screwed, and over which end is placed a spiral spring Z, which is com-
pressed by the thumb nut A', or by lock nuts for the purpose of placing the
required weight at the beginning of the warp; the handle V places the weight on
the warps or removes it when pulling back and for regulating purposes. When the

page_text: automatic or self-regulating motion, Figures 3, 4, and 5, is not employed, a hook
B₁ is placed over the handle V, keeping the lever U in position. For. looms
weaving light goods we sometimes employ only one apparatus, and the rod X
is passed through a lug C¹, which is secured to the spur rail D'; the rod end is
screwed and fitted with a spiral spring Z and nut A¹
The self-acting regulating motion, Figures 3, 4, and 5, is fitted on the false beam
E of the loom; one of the brackets, FT, is fitted with a gear, and the other only
with a looped rod, spring, and nut, to support the bar over which the warps pass;
the brackets F are fitted to the false beam E¹ by bolts and nuts, the bolt passing
through the boss G₁; the bracket F' is made with an opening H', and with a recess
1', in which is passed the looped end J' of a bolt K₁; in the loop is passed the bar
L' over which the warps pass; the bar is held up by a spiral spring M fitted over
the bolt K; this bolt is screwed at the end, and on which screws a thumb nut N',
or set nuts to regulate the tension or pressure; on-the-side of the bracket F¹ is cast
a boss O¹, in which is fitted a stud Q, on which is fitted a worm R' and catch wheel
S¹; the worm actuates a worm wheel T, which is fitted on a stud U', fixed in a
boss V¹, cast on the top of the bracket F; on the side of the worm wheel T¹ is
fitted a pulley W₁, on which is wound a cord X', which is fastened to the worm
wheel by being passed through a hole Y' and secured.
As the tension on the warps increases the bar L' lowers, and the bottom of the
bar comes in contact with a stud Z, fitted in a boss A, formed on an arm B² of a
pawl lever Cs, forcing the lever forward and actuating a pawl D2, which actuates
one tooth or more teeth of the catch wheel S', which gives motion to the worm R¹
and worm wheel T, unwinding the cord X' from the pulley W', lowering the hell-
crank lever U, taking off the required tension or pressure; a spring E³ is secured
to the bracket F' by a stud F, which acts as a stop for the arin B2 of the pawl
lever C; a spiral spring G is fitted to the pawl D², and to a pin H2 fitted in the
bracket F¹
The self-acting apparatus for reducing the tension or pressure on the piece beam
as the fabrics are woven and wound on the beam, Figures 6, 7, and 8, is constructed
with arms or supports I³, which are connected to levers J, having hooks K2 formed
thereon; the levers are fitted on studs which are fixed in brackets L³, bolted to the
spur rail M; the levers are so fitted that when the fabric is wound on the beam N*
the pressure or weight placed on the fabric decreases. Over the hooks K² are passed
hooks O, fitted to chains, ropes, or cords P2, which pass over friction rollers Q³.
which are fitted on studs fixed in a bracket R2, which is bolted to the spur rail M²;
the ends of the chains, ropes, or cords På are attached to a spindle S², over which is
fitted a spiral spring T2, and which is regulated to any degree of weight or pressure
by being compressed to suit any class of work by means of a hand wheel U³, which
is fitted on the spindle, and which releases the piece beam N2 from the fluted beam
V², both ends at once allowing the removal of the piece or fabric.
Having thus described our improvements, and the best means we are acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise details shewn and described, as they may be
varied without departing from the peculiar character of the Invention; but what
we do claim is,—
Firstly. The general arrangement, construction, and employment of improved
apparatus for placing the weight on the warp beam and removing the same at once
for pulling back purposes, substantially as and for the purpose berein-before
described, and represented by the Drawing annexed.
Secondly. The construction and employment of the automatic or self-acting
motion which delivers the warps with equal tension from end to end, substantially
as herein described, and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly. The construction and employment of self-acting apparatus for reducing

page_text: the pressure on the piece beam as the fabrics are woven and wound on the beam,
substantially as herein-before described, and represented in the annexed Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Brigg, for and on behalf of myself
and the said Thomas Hargreaves Brigg, have hereto set my hand and
seal, this Eleventh day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
CHARLES BRIGG. (L.S.)