IMPROVE MENTS IN DRYING THREADS AND FABRICS, AND IN COMBINING APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN DRYING THREADS AND FABRICS, AND IN COMBINING APPARATUS FOR
THAT PURPOSE."-A communication from abroad by Léon Jarosson and
Albert Bastaert, Wholesale Chemists, both of 29, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris.
MENTS IN DRYING THREADS AND FABRICS, AND IN COMBINING APPARATUS FOR
THAT PURPOSE."-A communication from abroad by Léon Jarosson and
Albert Bastaert, Wholesale Chemists, both of 29, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris.
Sealed the 30th August 1867, and dated the 11th March 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
March 1867.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING THREADS AND FABRICS, AND IN COMBINING
APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in drying threads or fabrics of all
kinds. 1st, hot air is employed for the purpose, supplied by one or more
blowers or similar apparatus; and, 2ndly, the action of centrifugal force, the two
combined serving the purpose of extracting the water contained in the threads.
The threads are placed in banks on rods mounted in an open framework of a
turbine hydro-extractor, which turbine receives rapid rotary motion in any
suitable manner, while at the same time the fans or their equivalents inject or

page_text: exhaust the heated air which circulates around the threads in hanks, and
extracts all moisture therefrom, the inoist air being carried away by a chimney;
the drying is thus effected under the combined action of centrifugal force and
of heated air. The cage or turbine hydro-extractor is contained in a chamber
for receiving the products and the hot air supply. In drying fabrics I pass
them over a series of cylinders or drums in the manner of endless cloths,
during the motion of which fabrics over the cylinders they are dried by means
of hot air injected or exhausted by fans, as before stated. A draught chimney
for carrying off the moisture is also adapted in this case to the chamber con-
taining the cylinders, heating tubes, fans, and their accessories.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th September 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Clark, Her special licence that I, the said William Clark, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING THREADS
AND FABRICS, AND IN COMBINING APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE," a commúnica-
tion to me from abroad by Léon Jarosson and Albert. Bastaert, Wholesale
Chemists, both of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Clark, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said
william Clark, do nereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for drying threads or
fabrics of flax, hemp, cotton, wool, silk, or any other fibrous substance. This
improved apparatus may be modified in shape and disposition according to
whether it is intended to dry threads or fabrics, but its principle consists
always in the application of different elements combined for producing a
thorough drying, viz., ventilation by hot or cold air, and motion transmitted to
the said threads or fabrics, such as the application of centrifugal force
resulting from the motion imparted to the apparatus, or any other movement.
To dry the threads I dispose them in hanks on rods mounted in. an open frame-
work of a turbine hydro-extractor, which turbine receives rapid rotary motion
by means of suitable gearing, at the same time that the fans or their
equivalents inject or exhaust hot air which circulates around the threads in
hanks, and extracts all moisture therefrom, the moist air being carried away
by the chimney; the drying is this effected under the combined action of
centrifugal force and of heat. The cage or turbine hydro-extractor is
contained in á chamber for receiving the products of the hot air supply. For
drying fabrics I pass them over a series of grooved cylinders or drums in
the manner of endless cloths, during the motion of which fabrics over the
cylinders they are dried by means of hot air injected or exhausted by fans or
their equivalents, as before stated. A draught chimney for carrying off the
moist air is also adapted in this case to the chamber containing the cylinders,
beating tubes, fans, and their accessories.
Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings is a vertical section taken in the line
1, 2; Figure 2 representing this improved apparatus suitable for drying
threads; Figure 2 shows in plan a section of the same taken on the line 3, 4,
Figure 1.
:
A, vertical shaft turning on a pivot X in a socket; B, B, B', B', radiating
arms fixed to the shaft A; J, J', vertical frame uniting the armis B, B, B', B'.
The whole of these bars form a solid frame on the shaft A carrying tubes or
rods L, L', on which to place the banks, and give them the desired tension by
fixing the said rods at a distance from one another, which may be varied by
the holes ; made throughout the height of the vertical bars J, J', and of the
shaft A; G, G, G₁, G', external cover of the apparatus, it is of cylindrical
form, and may be made of wood, sheet iron, or any other suitable material.

page_text: K, K', sliding doors in the cover G, G₁; C, bevilled friction wheel mounted
on the horizontal shaft C receiving motion from the motive power, and
gearing with a second wheel D keyed on the vertical shaft A, which thus
imparts to the frame B, B¹, J, J¹, a continuous rotary motion; one of the wheels
C or D can slide on its shaft in order to stop or set the machine in motion.
E, E, fans actuated by the pullies F, F, which receive their motion from
upper shaft C¹ by means of the pullies N, N¹, and bands O, O¹; M, conduits
for the introduction of hot air in the interior of the chamber G, G¹; H,
draught chimney for evaporation; I, regulating valve placed in the chimney H;
a, a, Figure 2, hanks placed on the rods L, L. According to the preceding
it is easily understood that by the great speed imparted to the shaft A, and
consequently to the frame carrying the banks, the latter will be subject at the
same time both to the action of centrifugal force and of the hot air injected
by the fans E, E¹.
Figure 3 represents in part sectional elevation another disposition of appa-
ratus for drying threads. a, inlet channels for hot air or for the introduction
of air to be heated by the tubes 6 of a hot air or water apparatus; c, fans
injecting hot air into the cylindrical space d; the sides of this cylindrical space
are made of wire cloth for the free passage of hot air in the annular chamber e
situated around said space; the said annular chamber c contains hanks
similar to the first method, Figures 1 and 2. The substances placed nearest
to the metallic cloth, wh
otation of the apparatus travel the shortest
distance, since they descrive a smaller circle, receive in compensation the
hottest air. ¹, e, vertical shaft for rotating the entire apparatus which thus
forms a cylindrical cage; f, friction wheels supporting the apparatus; g, fast-
and-loose pulleys for imparting rotary motion to the shaft e¹; h, outer shell
enclosing the apparatus; i, draught chimney for exhausting the air charged.
with vapours from the drying.
Figure 4 represents a longitudinal elevation, and Figure 5 a transverse
elevation of an apparatus for drying fabrics. a, casing of the apparatus;
b, fans driven by suitable gearing injecting air on the tubes c, c, of the hot air
or water heating apparatus c, c, c; d, cylinders or rollers around which are
wound the pieces of fabric to be dried; these cylinders are suitably grooved or
roughened in order to carry with them the said pieces, which form endless
cloths and travel according to the speed required, to effect which motion is
transmitted to the said cylinders by means of gearing e, which at the same
time imparts motion to the fans. f, draught chimney for the escape of the
moist air.
Having described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of per-

page_text: forming the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the improved system of
apparatus, above specified, for drying threads of flax, tow, hemp, cotton, wool,
silk, or other fibrous substance or fabrics of these substances, the improve-
ments consisting in the application of hot or cold air for drying the threads or
fabrics while in motion, all in the manner described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.