Year: 1887

page_text: We SAMPSON ZACHARY LLOYD, and GEORGE WHITFIELD NAYLOR, both of No. 35
Mill Street Kidderminster in the County of Worcester Carpet Manufacturers and
Co-partners do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention relates to looms suitable for the production of pile fabrics such as
Wilton and Axminster carpets and the like the object of my invention being to effect
the delivery of the yarns from the independent spools or bobbins on which they are
wound.
According to my invention the yarns to form the tufts are taken from separate
spools as in the ordinary process of weaving Wilton and other like carpets and are
guided through eyes to carriages arranged side by side in any convenient position
above the warp threads the ends of the tuft yarns projecting from the front of the said
carriages horizontally. The yarn from each of the five or more bobbin frames is
passed through the same carriage at different levels and the several carriages are
caused to rise and fall vertically by the mechanism hereinafter described so as to bring
the yarns of the colours required into the same horizontal plane.
This is effected by means of a series of levers one to each of the said carriages
arranged above the same and actuated by the ordinary jacquard motion as follows.
Supposing it is desired to form a six frame carpet the five cords from the jacquard
needles are attached to the said lever at different distances from the fulcrum so that
if the yarn from the lower frame is required no movement takes place if the second
frame is required the first cord draws and the point of the lever to which the carriage
is attached is raised say one inch if the yarn from the third frame is required the
second cord draws and the point of the lever is raised two inches and so on in
succession.
Or the levers may be so weighted at their rear ends that when at liberty to move
the front ends of the levers rise and the cords described instead of being employed
for raising the front ends of the levers are employed to actuate blocks or stops to
prevent the rising of the front ends of the levers beyond the required point.

page_text: The required tufts of yarn having thus been brought into the same plane they are
taken hold of by any suitable mechanism such as is commonly employed to introduce
the ends of the tuft yarns into the shed of the warp.
The tufts are drawn out by the said mechanism to the required length to form the
pile of the carpet and are then cut off by suitable mechanism and inserted in the warp
in the ordinary manner as in Axminster looms or in any other way which may be found
desirable.
Dated this Twenty ninth day of Novembar 1887
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
:
Improvements in Looms for the Manufacture of Tufted or Pile
Fabrics.
We SAMPSON ZACHARY LLOYD and GEORGE WHITFIELD NAYLOR both of No. 35
Mill Street Kidderminster in the County of Worcester Carpet Manufacturers
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to looms suitable for the production of pile fabrics such as
Wilton and Axminster carpets and the like, the object of the said invention being to
effect the delivery of the yarns from the independent spools or bobbins on which they
are wound.
According to the said invention the yarns to form the tufts are taken from
separate spools as in the ordinary process of weaving Wilton and other like carpets
and are guided through eyes to carriages arranged side by side in any convenient
position above the warp threads, the ends of the tuft yarns projecting from the front
of the said carriages horizontally. The yarn from each of the five or more bobbin
rames is passed through the same carriage at different levels and the several
carriages are caused to rise and fall vertically by the mechanism hereinafter
escribed so as to bring the yarns of the colours required into the same horizontal
lane.
This is effected by means of a series of levers one to each of the said carriages
arranged above the same and actuated by the ordinary jacquard motion as follows.
upposing it is desired to form a six frame carpet the five cords from the jacquard
needles are connected directly or indirectly to the said lever at different distances

page_text: from the fulcrum so that if the yarn from the lower frame is required no movement
takes place; if the second frame is required the first cord draws and the point of the
lever to which the carriage is attached is raised, say, one inch; if the yarn from the
third frame is required the second cord draws and the point of the lever is raised two
inches and so on in succession.
Or the levers may be so weighted at their rear ends that when at liberty to move
the front ends of the levers rise and the cords described instead of being employed
for raising the front ends of the levers are employed to actuate blocks or stops to prevent
the rising of the front ends of the levers beyond the required point.
The required tufts of yarn having thus been brought into the same plane they are
taken hold of by any suitable mechanism such as is commonly employed to introduce
the ends of the tuft yarns into the shed of the warp.
other
any
way
The tufts are drawn out by the said mechanism to the required length to form the
pile of the carpet and are then cut off by suitable mechanism and inserted in the warp
in the ordinary manner as in Axminster looms or in
which may be
found desirable.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which the said invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation a portion of a carpet weaving loom to which
the said invention is applied.
Figure 2 represents a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation of the stop frame with a set of levers and stops
shewn in position drawn to a larger scale than Figures 1 and 2 ; Figure 4 represents
a sectional plan taken on the line Y. Z. (Figure 5) of the stop frame with lovers, stops
and adjuncts drawn to the same scale as Figure 3; Figure 5 represents a front
elevation of the stop frame with levers, stops and adjuncts and also the yarn carriers
or carriages shewing the connection between them, the said Figure 5 being drawn to
the same scale as Figure 3 but the cords e8 are broken off shewing the yarn carriers
higher than they really are for the purpose of exhibiting them in the drawing.
Figure 6 represents a side elevation of the front end of the stop frame showing the
levers, stops and adjuncts and also the yarn carriers and parts adjacent. Figure 7
represents in side elevation one of the yarn carriers detached: Figure 8 is a front
elevation of the same. Figure 9 is a side elevation of part of a yarn carrier or
carriage drawn to a larger scale than Figures 7 and 8 to shew the holes and springs
more clearly.
Figure 10 is a front elevation of Figure 9: Figure 11 is a side elevation of one
of the stop strips; these stop strips are all alike except with regard to the exact shape
and position of the projections de which vary slightly for the purpose hereinafter
described Figure 12 is a front elevation of Figure 11.
:
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawings.
The following general description refers more particularly to Figures 1 and 2.
a is the framing of the loom which has the ordinary Jacquard mechanism at the
top; c, c is a series of levers contained in the frame b which frame also contains stop
strips to do hereinafter more particularly described; d d are the cords which con-
nect the lift board of the Jacquard mechanism to the said stop strips. It must be
understood that the levers c, c stop strips d' to do, lifting cords d and yarn carriers e, e
extend the whole width of the carpet being woven but some of these are omitted in
the drawings for the sake of clearness.
The Jacquard mechanism is well understood and constitutes no part of this invention
and is not shown in the Drawings; e e are the yarn carriers or carriages which are
attached to the front ends of the levers c c by the cords e; f¹ to f' are the yarns of
different colors; from these yarns short pieces are cut to form the pile of the carpet
in the following manner.
The ends of these yarns project a short distance through the fronts of the yarn
carriers or carriages e, e (see also Figure 6) and those selected by the jacquard
mechanism are brought by the levers cc to the proper height to be seized by the
☑-

page_text: gripper g which is attached to the rocking lever h. The said gripper 9 pulls out the
yarns the proper distance; it then comes to rest and the yarns are cut by a knife or
other cutting appliance j, see Figures 2 and 6. The lever / carrying the gripper g
holding the short pieces of yarn then moves through an angle of about 50 degrees
downwards towards the breast plate of the loom and in taking this position the
gripper g is turned over from a horizontal to an inclined position as shewn at k (see
Figure 1) so as to present the pieces of yarn in a suitable manner to be secured by
the needle Figure 2 into the fabric of the carpet which is being woven simultaneously
in the ordinary manner; m (Figure 1) is a cam giving motion through the lever m
and the connecting rod m² to the rocking lever h which carries the gripper g; n is a
cam by the action of which through the lever n' connecting rod n² and lover 66 the
strips carrying the stops in the stop frame b are unlocked and left free to move as
hereinafter described; oo are the warp threads of the carpet and p, p the heddles
forming the shed in the usual manner; 9 is the lay: is a guide for the cords d, d
which connect the stop strips to the jacquard mechanism; ss are guides for the
coloured yarns f¹ to f; t t are bell crank levers which open the grippers g when
required to seize the yarns projecting from the yarn carriers or carriages e, e: u is
the rod which controls the mechanism for turning over the gripper as herein after
more particularly described: is the roller over which the finished carpet
passes.
7"
We will proceed more particularly to describe the stop frame and the parts in
connection therewith referring for this purpose principally to Figures 34, 5 and 6.
The stop frame 6 is an open framing of rectangular shape secured to the framing
of the loom below the Jacquard mechanism. At the back end of the said frame b is
provided a shaft b¹ which forms a common fulcrum for the series of levers c, c, c
which extend side by side the whole width of the carpet to be made there being one
lever to each series of coloured yarns. The levers c, c are free to move on the shaft b¹
which is carried, in bearings 62, 63 at the back of the siop frame b.
Anyone of the levers c, c, c can be brought to any one of the positions shewn in
Figures 3 and 6 and marked c¹ to c respectively at their front or free ends. This is
effected by the jacquard mechanism acting through the cords d, d which are attached
to the upper ends of the stop strips d² to do. The said stop strips are thin strips of
metal shewn separately in Figures 11 and 12. Each stop strip has a projection d⁹
suitably formed and situated for engaging with one of the levers c which is on one
side of it. It will be understood that in the plan Figure 4 the projections d' on the
stop strips are underneath the levers c and are consequently not seen in the said
Figure 4. In the lower part of the stop frame b a locking plate 63 has a limited
motion from front to back; that is, from right to left or the reverse in Figures 3
and 4. This locking plate 63 engages with notches d' and do in the stop strips and it
is normally kept engaged with them by the action of the helical springs 65, 65 acting
on rods 6, 64 which are secured to the locking plate 63 by screws or otherwise. The
first movement of the mechanism, which is the subject of this invention, is the release
of the locking plate 63 which is effected by the lower ends of the bent levers 66
pressing against the rods 6, 6. The shaft & forms the fulcrum for the bent levers 66
one of which is on each side of the stop frame and the said levers 66 are connected
together and move as one. They are worked through a connecting rod n³ and lever n¹
by the cam n see Figure 1.
The notches d' d in the stop strips are made somewhat longer than the thickness
of the locking plate 63. The cords d, d having been raised by the action of the
jacquard mechanism somewhat above their final position are then slackened and the
upper edges of the notches d' de fall upon the upper surface of the locking plate 63
thus securing the regular alignment of the stop strips and levers. The height that
the stop strips are raised by the jacquard mechanism is approximately uniform but it
will be seen that the nearer a stop in the stop strip is to the fulcrum 6¹ the higher the
lever actuated by it will be raised and the strips and the projections on them are so
placed that when the strips d* are raised by the jacquard mechanism the lever is
raised to the position c²; when the stop strip d³ is raised the lever is raised to the

page_text: position and so on. If no stop strip be lifted the lever remains at the lowest
position c¹. The stop strips slide vertically in guides d10 fixed at the top and guides d"
at the bottom of the stop frame b. Or the weighted levers and their stop arrange-
ments hereinbefore described may be employed in place of the lever arrangement
last described but we prefer the lever arrangement represented and described.
Only one stop strip in each series is raised at any one time and all the rest are in
their lowest position. In figure 3 it is the stop strip de carrying the stop d' at the
back of the loom that is represented raised in the series at the right hand side of the
loom and the lever is accordingly raised to its highest position.
In the next series the stop strip d is raised and the lever is raised to the highest
position but one and so on in succession. The lever c¹ remains as represented not
lifted as no stop strip belonging to it is lifted. For the sake of clearness we have
shewn the levers raised in regular order but it must be understood that they are
raised in whatever order is required to form the pattern.
at
The cords d, d connecting the stop strips with the jacquard mechanism pass through
guides made of wires set in a framing (see Figures 1 and 2). We may dispense
with the stop strips and stops and attach the cords d, d directly to the levers C, C
different distances from the fulcrum, modifying the arrangements for locking and
alignment to suit, but we prefer to use the stops and locking plate as we have
described them. The yarns, tufts of which are to form the pile of the carpet, are
led from reels or bobbins contained in frames of the usual description at the back of
the loom through guides & Figure 1 and through the yarn carriers or carriages e e.
In the drawing we show six yarns which would be of six different colours, they are
marked f¹ to f' but any required number of yarns may be employed. There is one
yarn carrier or carriage e to each lever c as shown in Figure 5. The yarn carrier or
carriage e shewn detached in Figures 7 and 8 consists of a flat strip of metal of
suitable size having a number of holes e¹ to e through it edgewise corresponding to
the number of positions which the levers in the stop frame may assume.
One yarn
passes through each hole and is prevented from slipping back by passing under a
small spring e; there is one spring to each hole see Figure 7 but all are not shown
in some of the other Figures for the sake of clearness.
For convenience in manufacture we prefer to form each yarn carrier of two flat
strips of metal suitably secured together with their flat sides adjacent, in which case
the holes are formed by slots in each plate which when fixed in opposition form
holes; or there may be deep slots in one plate only and the other may merely form a
cover.
The yarn carriers e, e, e, slide vertically in guides e, e³, attached to the framing of
the loom. Each yarn carrier is connected to its lever c by a cord es the free ends of
the levers c c being vertically above the yarn carriers. When a lever c is at its
highest position c" (Figure 3) the yarn carrier with which it is connected is also at its
highest position as shewn in Figure 1 and at the right hand side of Figure 5. The
lowest yarn f passing through the lowest hole e' in the yarn carrier is then at the
proper height for its projecting end to be seized by the gripper g. If a lever is
brought into the position by the means hereinbefore described its yarn carrier is
also brought into the corresponding position so that the yarn f passing through the
hole in the yarn carrier is brought to the proper height for its end to be seized by
the gripper g and so on.
The gripper g consists of two metallic combs hinged together so that when closed
the teeth of the combs meet each other and grip the yarns between them. The
gripper is kept closed by springs all the time except when opened for admitting and
releasing the yarns; it is opened for admitting them by bell crank levers t, t worked
through connecting rods t₁ operated (see Figure 2) by a cam t on a shaft t' or in
any other convenient manner and a similar arrangement is provided for opening the
gripper to release the yarns when in the position k (Figure 1). We prefer to turn
the gripper over from the horizontal to the inclined position by means of a rack h¹
sliding on the lever h engaging with a pinion 2 on the end of the gripper spindle
and controlled by the rod u (see Figure 1). The cutting off of the pieces of yarn to

page_text: form the tufts may be effected in various ways. We prefer to use a circular knife j
(see Figure 2), that is, a disc with a sharp edge sliding along the edge of a straight
knife blade extending across the loom in front of the yarn carriers as shewn in
Figures 2 and 6. This circular knife is guided by a horizontal guide and is
actuated by a bell crank lever j centred at and connected with the knife carrier
by the rod and worked by appropriate mechanism.
The needle carrying the weft 1 (scc Figure 2) for securing the tufts of yarn to
the fabric is guided by the horizontal guide bar and actuated by the cam 13.
through the intervention of cranks and levers 1, 1. The weft is secured by a
sewing machine movement at the left hand side of the loom in the ordinary
manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of " Improvements in looms for the manufacture of
tufted or pile fabrics:
"
The adaptation of Jacquard mechanism to the said looms as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings; that is to say, by means of a series
of graduated levers or levers bearing on or regulated by stops to which said levers
are attached yarn carriers or carriages substantially of the kind herein before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Dated the Twenty third day of August 1888.