IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLLARS, CUFFS, AND SHIRT FRONTS."
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Brown, of Garner's Hill Works, Notting-
ham, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
COLLARS, CUFFS, AND SHIRT FRONTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th February 1871.
I, JOHN BROWN, of Garner's Hill Works, Nottingham, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF COLLARS, CUFFS, AND SHIRT FRONTS," to be as follows:--
In the manufacture of collars, cuffs, and shirt fronts of paper or paper
cloth the collars, cuffs, or shirt fronts have heretofore been in some
cases ornamented by printing patterns upon them from lithographic
stones or plates, the patterns being produced by hand in lithographic ink
in the ordinary manner.
According to my Invention I employ printing surfaces prepared by
the process of photo-lithography or photo-zincography, or other printing

page_text: surface prepared by the aid of photography for ornamenting collars,
cuffs, and shirt fronts of paper and paper cloth, whereby very intricate
patterns, such as patterns of lace, may be printed upon the collars, cuffs,
and shirt fronts at a very small cost. I prefer in the first instance
to take a photographic picture, say of a piece of lace, and to "print"
therefrom on to a surface of gelatine prepared with bichromate of potash.
The gelatine surface is then coated with lithographic ink, and afterwards
moistened with water and carefully sponged over. The portions of the
gelatine surface which have not been rendered insoluble by the action
of light upon them will thus be removed together with their coating
of lithographic ink, leaving an image in lithographic ink of the lace
or other article. This is subsequently transferred by pressure to the
surface of a lithographic stone or plate, and the paper or paper cloth
from which the collars, cuffs, or shirt fronts are to be manufactured is
printed therefrom, and is subsequently cut up and manufactured into
collars, cuffs, and shirt fronts in the ordinary manner. As before stated
other printing surfaces prepared by the aid of photography may be
similarly employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 15th August 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BROWN, of Garner's Hill Works, Nottingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Brown, Her special license
that I, the said John Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Brown, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF

page_text: COLLARS, CUFFS, AND SHIRT FRONTS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Brown, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months, next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Brown, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
In the manufacture of collars, cuffs, and shirt fronts of paper or paper
cloth the collars, cuffs, or shirt fronts have heretofore been in some
cases ornamented by printing patterns upon them from lithographic
stones or plates, the patterns being produced by hand in lithographic ink
in the ordinary manner.
According to my Invention I employ printed surfaces prepared
by the process of photo-lithography or photo-zincography, or other
printing surface prepared by the aid of photography for ornamenting
collars, cuffs, and shirt fronts of paper and paper cloth, whereby
very intricate patterns, such as patterns of lace, may be printed upon
the collars, cuffs, and shirt fronts at a very small cost. I prefer in
the first instance to take a photographic picture, say of a piece of lace,
and to "print" therefrom on to a surface of gelatine prepared with
bichromate of potash. The gelatine surface is then coated with litho-
graphic ink, and afterwards moistened with water and carefully sponged
over. The portions of the gelatine surface which have not been rendered
insoluble by the action of light upon them will thus be removed together
with their coating of lithographic ink, leaving an image in lithographic
ink of the lace or other article; this is subsequently transferred by
pressure to the surface of a lithographic stone or plate, and the paper
or paper cloth from which the collars, cuffs, or shirt fronts are to be
manufactured is printed therefrom, and is subsequently cut up and
manufactured into collars, cuffs, and shirt fronts in the ordinary manner.
As before stated other printing surface prepared by the aid of photo-
graphy may be similarly employed.
What I claim is, the application of photo-lithography, or such like
process of mechanical printing from printing surfaces prepared by the

page_text: aid of photography in the manufacture of collars, cuffs, and shirt fronts,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Brown, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 12th day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
JOHN BROWN. (L.S.)