Improvements in Means for Viewing a Series of Pictures for the Purpose of Obtaining from same an Appearance of Movement.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May.
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Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1896
Date of Application TOL way.
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Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Viewing a Series of Pictures for the
Purpose of Obtaining from same an Appearance of Movement.
A communication from abroad by J. E. HOUGH, of the Ashland House, in the
City, County, and State of New York, United States of America.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in means for viewing a series of pictures
for the purpose of obtaining from same an appearance of movement, each picture
for this purpose varying in a slight degree from its predecessor.
In carrying out the invention the pictures are mounted on the peripheral surface
of a drum or broad wheel so that they succeed each other in rotation and form a
helical or sinuous line upon the surface of the broad wheel or drum. The drum
is caused to rotate in such a way that the sinuous line of pictures passes singly
before an aperture over which a lens is mounted through which to view the
pictures. The drum or wheel has imparted to it a laterally advancing movement
in such manner that as the helical line of pictures passes the viewing slot the drum
or wheel advances in such degree as will correspond with the breadth of the
helical line or the pictures, consequently the whole line of pictures becomes
presented, each picture in succession to the viewing slot or aperture until the whole
have been seen; after which by suitable mechanism the drum or wheel returns to
the original position for a repetition of the movement described.
A shutter is provided to pass between the viewing aperture and the pictures in
such manner that as each successive picture is presented to the aperture a slot
passes and thus permits the picture to be viewed, suitable light being provided for
this purpose.
Dated the 18th day of May 1895.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.
Improvements in Means for Viewing a Series of Pictures for the
Purpose of Obtaining from same an Appearance of Movement.
A communication from abroad by JAMES EDWARD HOUGH, of the Ashland
House, in the City, County, and State of New York, United States of
America.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in an by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in means for viewing a series of pictures

page_text: an appearance of movement, each picture
for this purpose varying in a slight degree from its predecessor.
To clearly explain the invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings
in which :-
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of one form of apparatus constructed according to
the invention.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of same, and
Fig. 3 is a plan of a slotted disc employed in the apparatus.
The pictures a which may be a continuous series of photographs or reproductions
of same either separate or in a strip are mounted in a spiral or helical line on the
peripheral surface of a drum b, so that they succeed each other in order when the
drum is rotated. The drum is mounted on a shaft c threaded at one end, such
shaft being supported on end bearings in a case d. One end of the shaft carries
a toothed wheel e which is compelled to rotate with the shaft by means of a feather
working in a groove e' in the shaft, a bracket or fingers e engaging with a collar e³
on the boss of the wheel e preventing the wheel leaving its position. The wheel e
drives a toothed wheelf on a shaft g, the opposite end of which carries a worm
wheel which drives a vertical worm i the spindle of which passes into the case
and carries a disc j, the end of the spindle being supported in a bracket k. The
discj is provided with a slot ¹ such slot being capable during the rotation of the
disc of being brought under an opening t which may be provided with a lens k¹ and
eyepiece such lens and eye-piece being mounted in a tube, adjustable or
otherwise, which passes through the case d. Light is thrown on to the moving
pictures at the point of sight by means of a funnel l, or it may be an opening in
the case, the funnel if provided being capable of use with a lamp m if required.
The shaft c is operated by a handle n, or it may be operated from an electric
motor or other source of power, and for the purpose of readily moving the drum
back to the starting point the screwed portion of the shaft is carried in a nut, the
upper part o only of which is threaded, and this can be lifted out of engagement
with the screw by means of the pivoted handle p, so that when this is done the
shaft can be drawn outwards, a thumb nut passing through a slot in the handle
serving to hold the threaded portion of the nut in engagement with the screwed
shaft. Other arrangements may however be employed for the purpose of readily
withdrawing the screwed shaft.
By means of the arrangement above described the drum or wheel has imparted
to it a laterally advancing movement so that as the spiral line of pictures passes
the viewing slot the drum or wheel advances to such a degree that the next picture
is always exactly in line beneath the sight opening or lens, consequently as the
drum is rotating the whole line of pictures becomes presented, each picture in
succession to the viewing opening, until the whole have been seen, after which the
drum or wheel is returned to its original position for a repetition of the movement
described. The slotted disc is being rotated all the time that the drum is turning
so that as each successive picture is presented to the aperature the slot passes and
thus permits the picture to be viewed, while the transition stages between the
successive pictures are obscured by the opaque portions of the disc.
It will of course be evident that in lieu of the cylinder having longitudinal
movement it may be simply caused to revolve and the requisite longitudinal move-
ment to secure the proper representation of the pictures may be imparted to the
eye-piece. It will be further evident that in lieu of mounting opaque pictures on
the drum the latter may be made of glass or other transparent material and be
internally illuminated, in which case the pictures would be semi-transparent as in
the kinetescope.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :--
1. Means or apparatus for viewing a series of pictures for the purpose of

page_text: obtaining from same an appearance of movement consisting of a drum or support
upon which the pictures are mounted in a spiral or helical line combined with a
suitable sight opening or means for viewing same in order, substantially as
described.
2. In combination, the drum, a screwed shaft on which same is mounted, a series
of pictures arranged spirally on the drum, a slotted disc, means for rotating same
beneath a viewing aperture, and means for rotating the drum and disc, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
3. The improved means or apparatus for viewing a series of pictures for the
purpose of obtaining from same an appearance of movement, substantially as
described.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.