Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1896-Accepted, 8th Feb., 1896
1 тргоѵещению и тоторното
I, MAXYMILIAN KOTYRA, of 24, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
England, Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to construct a telephonic transmitter, based upon
employment of granulated carbon, or any other suitable conductive compound.
To obtain the necessary results, I construct a metallic spiral of cylindrical or
conical shape, of the required length. The section of metallic wire employed may
be square flat, or round.
The inside of this metallic spiral is lined with an elastic tissue or material, kept
in place by metallic rings fixed at each extremity of the said spiral.
These metallic rings are provided on the internal surface with a screw-thread, so
as to receive two metallic stoppers, screwed tightly into the rings.
These stoppers are provided with cavities at one end, facing each other, and in
those cavities are fixed blocks of solid carbon, or blocks of carbon divided in
sections, and insulated one from the other, but enclosed in the same metallic ring
and connected to it metallically, or insulated from it, as the case may be.
those blocks, or sectional blocks, is insulated from the spiral-metallic-ring, by an
ivory, glass, ebonite, or vulcanised fibre ring.
One of
When the carbon blocks are fitted at each extremity of the spiral, a space is left
between them, so as to allow a free action between.
The space is filled with granulated carbon, or any other conductive material or
compound, thus forming a variable resistance, dependent upon the vibrating
diaphragm or diaphragms, to which the transmitter, or transmitters are fixed by one
extremity.
Each of the metallic stoppers, containing solid or sectional carbons, is provided
with suitable wire attachment, so as to conduct the electric current from a battery,
or batteries, either direct, or first passing through the wires of an induction coil or
coils.
:
1100-
MAXYMILIAN KOTYRA.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Telephonic Transmitters.
I, MAXYMILIAN KOTYRA of No. 24 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of
London, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is the construction of a telephonic transmitter
based upon the use of granulated carbon or other suitable conducting substance.
The novelty of the invention consists in enclosing the granulated conducting
substance in a case consisting of a spiral of cylindrical or conical form and having
the desired axial length. The metallic ribbon or wire out of which the spiral in
question is wound, may have a rectangular, square, circular, oval or other suitable
section. The spiral case is lined with some suitable and flexible insulating
material. At the ends of the case, there are fixed metal stop ends carrying carbon

page_text: blocks, solid or in sections, as the case may be. One of these blocks is insulated
while the other of them is in electrical communication with the respective metallic
stop end.
The carbon blocks, after they have been fixed to the two stop ends, leave a
wide space between them, which is filled with the granulated conductor above
mentioned.
The said space or cavity is filled more or less tightly with the grains of the
conducting substance.
Suitable mechanical devices are provided by means of which these grains can be
pressed together more or less, in the manner indicated. Conductors adapted to
transmit current, as fixed to the carbon blocks.
The improved transmitter is fixed in the ordinary way upon the vibrating
diaphragm of the apparatus. It will now be perceived that as a result of the
principle of construction which is specified above, there is obtained a vibratory
organ capable of variable resistances and endowed with extreme sensitiveness, a
sensitiveness which can be regulated at will and as may be required.
The accompanying figures are to be taken as part of this Specification and read
therewith. Each is a sectional elevation of a transmitter embodying the present
invention but they are only typical illustrations and, consequently, are not to be
taken as limiting the invention to the details of construction illustrated.
A is the case formed by the spiral winding of a flat band of copper or other
metal. The same result is obtained by cutting a spiral slot a in a metal tube of
the proper length. B is the internal lining of flexible insulating material-
preferably of thin silk fabric. C and D are the metallic stop ends which carry the
carbon blocks E and F. The block E is in electric communication with the stop
end C while the block F is insulated. The result is also obtained by making the
stop end D of ebonite for example, or by suppressing it altogether, as indicated in
Figure 2. The granules K, K occupy the cavities between the blocks E and F,
more or less closely. G and H are the conducting wires. They are connected to
the case A and the insulated block F', respectively. Perfect electric communication
between the block E and the case A is guaranteed by the set screw I.
The pressure brought to bear by the blocks E and F upon the granules K, may
be regulated by the screw threaded cap C₁. -see Figure 1. The block F being
fixed in its position, it will easily be understood, that screwing the cap C' down
squeezes the granules closer together, and unscrewing it, allows them to separate to
some extent, thereby diminishing or increasing the vibration of the granules and,
consequently, the sensitiveness of the transmitting organ.
It must be distinctly understood, that the present invention includes any and
every modification in the details of the construction illustrated and above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In telephonic transmitters based upon the use of a granulated conducting
substance, a vibratory case in the form of a spiral and having a conducting carbon
block at each end, between which blocks is the cavity for the granulated conducting
substance.
2. In vibratory cases of a spiral construction, a mechanical device adapted to
allow of the adjustment and regulation of the degree of pressure borne by the
granulated conducting material, and consequently the sensitiveness of the
transmitter.
DL 1
C
1000
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.