IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOOL TUBES AND CARTRIDGE CASES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Foster, the younger, of the Firm of John Foster,
and Sons, of Black Dike Mills, Queensbury, near Bradford, in the County
of York, Alpaca, Mohair, and Worsted Spinners and Manufacturers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
SPOOL TUBES AND CARTRIDGE CASES."
Sealed the 26th February 1867, and dated the 28th August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by the said Jolin Foster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th August
1866.
I, JOHN FOSTER, the younger, of the Firm of John Foster and Sons, of
Black Dike Mills, Quensbury, near Bradford, in the County of York, Alpaca,
Mohair, and Worsted Spinners and Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF SPOOL TUBES AND CARTRIDGE CASES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machinery for which Letters Patent were granted
to William Hirst, dated respectively the 9th day of September 1862, No. 2481,
and the 6th day of May 1864, No. 1148.
The Drawings and Specification of the former of these Patents shew and
describe machinery to which paper is fed from a creel or roller in a continuous
strip, or in long lengths, by which it is cut into proper lengths and shapes by
suitable cutting instruments to form tubes or cases, which are thence carried
forward by endless travelling bands under an endless travelling cloth which is

page_text: supplied with paste from a hopper placed above it, by which each length of
paper becomes pasted, and passing from thence is wound upon a rotary pin
or spindle by means of a rotary brush, and thereby formed into a tube or case,
and is thence pushed-off the end by a slidable collar. And the Drawings
and Specification of the latter of these Patents show and describe improve-
ments in the rotary spindle or pin, by having two pins meeting end to
end in the middle of the tube, which pins have a sliding motion in opposite
directions produced by cams to withdraw the pins from the tube instead of
pushing the tube off the pin; also a peculiar construction of hopper for the
better supply of paste..
In practical experiments with machinery constructed according to the above
Specifications of Patents, I have found great difficulty in obtaining uniformly
good work or perfectly formed tubes; also a great amount of care and
attention is required on the part of the attendant in the management of the
machine with frequent and unavoidable stoppages thereof, consequently not
producing either the amount or quality of work which might be expected.
The cause of this I find to be partly through inefficient pasting of the papers
and partly by their swerving from the right line of travel in passing through
the pasting apparatus, thereby not being presented properly to the spindle
or pins on which they are to be wound to form the tube or case.
To remedy
these defects I shorten the pasting cloth or the distance which the papers have
to travel under the said cloth, and 1 introduce additional pairs of rollers to
support the papers and press the cloth thereon, and at such distances from
each other that the papers after being cut to the required length do not leave
one pair of rollers until they have reached and entered the nip of the next
pair, and
I so on in succession until they arrive at the spindle to be wound on,
by this means the difficulty of keeping the papers in the right line of travel
is obviated. These pressing rollers also serve the purpose of effecting a moro
uniform and thorough pasting of the papers. I also fix instead of the travelling
bands a series of wires or bars parallel with each other, and in the right line
of travel, which wires or bars are supported by the rollers and kept in position
by grooves formed therein so that these wires or bars form a bed and guide
for the papers to pass over. I also give a variable and intermittent motion
to the cutting apparatus, and an intermittent motion to the pasting apparatus,
so as to leave intervals of time or space between the ends of the papers as
they issue from the pasting apparatus to be wound on the spindle, and thereby
to give time for the removal of the formed tube before the next paper is
presented to be wound on the spindle. The variable motion I obtain by the
use of eccentric-gear wheels and the intermittent motion by having a blank.

page_text: or absence of teeth in one part of the driving gear wheel, and lever tappets
attached to the side of the wheels for re-starting, or by the use of a star wheel
motion, or other mechanical means may be employed for these purposes.:
I employ endless travelling bands for conducting the tubes away uninjured
from the spindle to a suitable receptacle, and I employ a rotary brush running
in a vessel of water to cleanse them of paste. These machines I also construct
and arrange so as to be enabled to use change gear wheels for the purpose of
cutting the papers to different lengths and for varying the rotation of the
spindle or pins according to requirement; and the paste hopper or vessel
I provide with adjusting screws to enable a greater or less quantity of the
paste to flow out as may be required. By means of these improvements paper
tubes may now be manufactured with greater regularity of form or construction
and with more facility in the production thereof than heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Foster in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th
February 1867..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN FOSTER,
the younger, of the Firm of John Foster and Sons, of Black Dike Mills,
Queensbury, near Bradford, in the County of York, Alpaca, Mohair, and
Worsted Spinners and Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Foster, the younger, Her special licence that I, the said John Foster,
the younger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I;
the said John Foster, the younger, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns;
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOOL TUBES AND CARTRIDGE CASES,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Foster, the younger,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
x
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Foster, the younger, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and accompanying Sheets of Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to machinery for which Letters Patents were granted
to William Hirst, dated respectively the 9th day of September 1862, No. 2481,
and the 6th day of May 1864, No. 1148.
The Drawing and Specifications of the former of these Patents shew and
describe machinery to which paper is fed from a creel or roller in a con-
tinuous strip. or in long lenths, which is cut into proper lengths and shapes
by suitable cutting instruments to form tubes or cases, which are thence
carried forward by endless travelling bands under an endless travelling cloth
which is supplied with paste from a hopper placed above it by which each
length of paper becomes pasted, and passing from thence is wound upon a
rotary pin or spindle by means of a rotary brush, and thereby formed into a
tube or case, and is then pushed off the end by a slidable collar; and the
Drawings and Specifications of the latter of these Patents shew and describe
improvements in the rotary spindle or pin by having two pins meeting end to
end in the middle of the tube, which pins have a sliding motion in opposite
directions produced by cams to withdraw the pins from the tube instead of
pushing the tube off the pin; also a peculiar construction of hopper for the
better supply of paste.
'
In practical experiments with machinery constructed according to the above
in part recited Specifications of Patents I have found great difficulty in
obtaining uniformly good work or perfectly formed tubes; also a great amount
of care and attention is required on the part of the attendant in the manage-
ment of the machine with frequent and unavoidable stoppages thereof,
consequently not producing either the amount or quality of work which might
be expected. The cause of this I find to be partly through inefficient pasting
of the papers, and partly by their swerving from the right line of travel in
passing through the pasting apparatus, thereby not being presented properly
to the spindle or pins on which they are to be wound to form the tube or
case. To remedy these defects I shorten the pasting cloth or the distance
which the papers have to travel under the said cloth, and I introduce additional
pairs of rollers to support the papers and press the cloth thereon, and at such
distances from each other that the papers after being cut to the required

page_text: length do not leave one pair of rollers until they have reached and entered
the nip of the next pair, and so on in succession until they arrive at the
spindle to be wound on, by this means the difficulty of keeping the papers in
the right line of travel is obviated. These pressing rollers also serve the
purpose of effecting a more uniform and thorough pasting of the papers, I
also fix instead of the travelling bands, a 'series of wires or bars parallel with
each other, and in the right line of travel, which wires or bars are supported
by the rollers and kept in position by grooves formed therein, so that these
wires or bars form a bed and guide for the papers to pass over.
I also give a
variable and intermittent motion to the cutting apparatus, and an intermittent
motion to the pasting apparatus so as to leave intervals of time or space between
the ends of the papers as they issue from the pasting apparatus to be wound
on the spindle, and thereby to give time for the removal of the formed tube
before the next paper is presented to be wound on the spindle. The variable
motion I obtain by the use of eccentric gear wheels, and the intermittent
motion by having a blank or abscence of teeth in one part of the driving gear
wheel, or by the use of a star wheel motion, or other mechanical means may
be employed for these purposes. I employ endless travelling bands for con-
ducting the tubes away uninjured from the spindle to a suitable receptacle,
and I apply a rotary brush running in a vessel of water to cleanse them of
paste. These machines I also construct and arrange so as to be enabled to
use change gear wheels for the purpose of cutting the papers to different
lengths and for varying the rotation of the spindle or pins according to
requirement, and the paste hopper or vessel I provide with adjusting screws to
enable a greater or lesser quantity of the paste to flow out as may be required.
By means of these improvements paper tubes may now be manufactured with
greater regularity of form or construction, and with more facility in the
production thereof than heretofore.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In order that my improvements may be clearly understood I herein give
reference to five accompanying Sheets of Drawings illustrating in different
views a machine constructed according to this Invention, wherein the same
letters refer to the same parts of the machine in the several different views.
On Sheets 1 and 2 are represented the two side elevations; on Sheet 3 is a
longitudinal and vertical section; Sheet 4 shews the two end elevations, and
on Sheet 5 is the plan or horizontal view of the same.
A is a creel or roller on which the paper to be used in the manufacture of

page_text: required, and passing over a guide plate B and under a flap B¹ (see Sheet 3)
to and between a pair of feed rollers C, it is pushed under a fixed bar or
cutter block D, where it is cut into suitable lengths, which are thence passed
betwixt another pair of feed rollers E, by which they are delivered in near
succession to and betwixt the first pair of a series of pairs of conducting rollers
E, E, E³, E', E', E", E', and E³, thence passing under the pressing or holding.
roller F they are each in succession turned around and caused to be wound
upon the pins G by the rotation of the brush H, which also by reverse action
closes the jointing ends, and when the pins G are withdrawn causes them
to fall upon the endless travelling bands I, by which they are carried away
to and deposited in any suitable receptacle placed under the roller J;
whilst the papers are passing betwixt the conducting rollers E they are
pasted by being in contact with an endless cloth K, which cloth is regulated
in tension by a wheel K' and screws K³, and is caused to travel in the
direction of the arrow, and pass in contact with the sluice or outlet of a
paste hopper L, which is supplied thereby with paste. For conducting
each length of paper from one pair of rollers E to the next pair each bottom
roller is cut in a series of grooves, in which are embedded a series of wires M
connected to cross bars M¹ forming a stationary platform, which supports and
guides the papers or prevents swerving thereof as they are carried forward by
the rollers in contact with the pasting cloth. The paper is cut into suitable
lengths by a knife N (see Sheet 1, and Fig. 2, Sheet 4) which is mounted
on one end of a spindle, having á lever at the other actuated by a rod N¹
and lever N fixed on the axis of a segment wheel N³ in gear with a
segment lever N', which receives oscillatory motion by a rod N from a
crank arm N° fixed on the shaft or axis of a bevil wheel N which is in gear
with another bevil wheel fixed on a shaft N receiveing rotary motion from a
spur wheel N° in gear with a spur pinion N₁ fixed on the main shaft O.
Intermittent rotary motion is communicated to the feed rollers G, also the
conducting rollers E by means of a spur wheel P fixed on the shaft N8
gearing with another spur wheel P¹ fixed on a shaft P. The wheel P has a
blank or an abscence of teeth in one part of its rim or circumference, so that
at each revolution of wheel it comes out of gear and remains out
during that part of its revolution, consequently producing no motion on
the wheel P until again taking into gear therewith; and to prevent
breakage of the teeth when they take into gear a tappet Q and Q¹ is attached
to the sides of each of these wheels by which the wheel P¹ is first set in
motion. A wheel P is also fixed on the shaft Ps which gears with a
wheel P fixed on a shaft P³, on which is also fixed a wheel P gearing with

page_text: a wheel P. On the same shaft is another wheel P³ gearing with a wheel P³,
which also gears with another wheel P" fixed on the bottom feeding roller C,
by which rotary motion is given to the feed roller. On the shaft P° is also
fixed a spur pinion R, which gears with a carrier wheel R¹, gearing with
another wheel R₁ mounted on a shaft R³, on which is also a pinion R', in
gear with two wheels R' and R°, fixed on shafts R' and R³, which gear
with four other wheels R, R, R", and R, fixed on the axis of four of the
bottom conducting rollers. On the other ends of the shafts R' and R³ are
other two wheels R and R, which gears with wheels R, R, R", and R",
fixed on the other four bottom conducting rollers, by which means all the
conducting rollers have rotary motion given to them in the same direction
simultaneously. The wheel P has an abscence of one or more teeth to effect
an additional stoppage of motion of the feeding rollers C, which is arranged to
take place after the action of the knife in cutting the paper, so that the
conducting rollers commence to rotate before them, and thereby carry the
cut parts of the paper forward, and thus leave a space at each cutting, or
between each part cut off from the length to give time for the winding of
them on to the pins G, and also the removal thereof. A. variable rotary
motion is communicated to the pins G by a pinion wheel S fixed on the main
shaft O, gearing with a wheel S₁ on the shaft S, on which shaft is also fixed
an eccentric wheel S³, in gear with another eccentric wheel S running loose.
on a shaft S, and attached to the wheel S' is an ordinary wheel S* in gear
with a wheel S fixed on a shaft S', and in gear with a pinion S8 fixed on the
spindle of one of the pins G. Another wheel S is also fixed on the said shaft S',
which gears with another pinion S" fixed on the spindle of the other pin G.
Rotary motion is given to the shaft S by spur wheel S" fixed on shaft S³,
driving another wheel S¹ fixed on the said shaft. On this shaft are also fixed
two tappets T and T, which act upon friction rollers T2 and Ts, each running
loose upon one of the arms of two bell-crank levers T' and T, the other arms
of said levers being attached to the spindles of the pins G by connecting rods
T and T', so that when the swells of the tappets come, into contact with the
friction rollers the levers are operated thereby, and the pins G are withdrawn
from the tube formed therein, and as soon as the swells or prominent parts on
the surfaces of the wheels T and T have passed, the pins are pressed towards
each other again by the action of springs T and T. The wheels S and S⁹
are provided with extra breadth of rim at one part of their circumferences to
enable the pinions to keep in gear during the withdrawal and return of the
pins G. Alternate backward and forward rotary motion is given to the brush H
by means of a crank wheel U, which is fixed on the shaft N³, a connecting

page_text: rod U¹ being attached thereto, and to the lever arm U2 of a segment wheel U³,
which drives a wheel U', on the axis of which is another wheel U", which is
in gear with a pinion U° fixed on the axis of the said brush. The pressing
roller F is mounted in a frame F¹ fixed on a shaft F, on one end of which is
a lever V, to the end of which is attached one end of an elastic spring V', by
which the roller F is pressed into contact with the pins G, the pressure of
which spring is adjustable by a hand wheel V* fixed on a pulley or barrel V³,
to which the other end of the spring is fixed, and this roller is removed from
contact by the action of a cam V* fixed on the shaft S', which acts on a
friction roller V5 on an arm of the lever V. Motion is communicated to the
endless travelling band by a spur wheel W fixed on the shaft S', and gearing
with two wheels W₁ and W2 fixed on two of the band rollers. To keep the
band tight it is carried around a moveable pulley W³, by which the tension
can be adjusted. In order to prevent any paste adhering to the travelling
band a brush X is caused to rotate in a cistern of water X', and in contact
with the series of folds of the band, and at the bottom of the cistern is a tap X
for drawing off the fouled water. Motion is communicated thereto from the
shaft S by a crank X', attached to which is a pawl X*, operating a ratchet
wheel X fixed on a shaft X, on which is also fixed a skew wheel X', which
gears with a wheel X' fixed on the axis of the brush, by which both a rotary
and a reciprocatory motion is given to the said brush. A trough or receiver Y
is placed under the conducting rollers and paste cloth to receive any droppings
of paste therefrom, and prevent it from falling on the machine.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Foster, the younger, have hercunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven..
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Foster, the
younger, in the presence of,
Wч. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax.
JOHN FOSTER, JUNIOR. (L.S.)