IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Leeming, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine Maker, and John Leeming, of the same Place and
Trade, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 14th January 1870, and dated the 15th July 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Leeming and
John Leeming at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 15th July 1869.
We, JAMES LEEMING, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine
Maker, and JOHN LEEMING, of the same Place and Trade, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-

page_text: number of odd or even picks may be given from either side of the loom
in pick-and-pick looms, the tappet and its nose always having an even
and direct bearing upon the bowl which operates the picking motion,
thereby giving a firmer and easier pick. This is accomplished by
operating a lever on which is a sliding pulley interposed between the
tappet and the ordinary picking cone, or the cone may be dispensed with
and a wedge-shaped fixing substituted, the sliding pulley being operated
by a cord connected to the jacquard or other pattern surface when a
change of pick is required. This arrangement is applied to each side of
the loom, and the sliding pulleys connected by a weigh beam lever, so
that when one end is raised the other is lowered, and by this means any
number of picks may be given from either end of the loom in succession,
or alternate picks may be had when required. This arrangement is also
applicable to other than pick-and-pick looms.
Secondly. Of an improved weft motion whereby the usual weft fork is
applied at each side of the loom, and a weigh beam lever is also applied
across the loom, having a fork at each end for raising and lowering the
weft threads out of and into contact with either of the ordinary forks
when it is desired the said forks should act and knock off the loom.
This motion is also operated by the jacquard or other pattern surface and
suitable connexions.
Thirdly. Of an arrangement for preventing the weft fork motion
knocking off the loom at the side from which the shuttle is being
thrown, and allowing it to act in the usual manner at the opposite side
of the loom. This is done by another weigh beam lever placed across
the loom operating a sliding bar on the weft hammer, so that the
ordinary fork may pass without being operated upon by the said lever
even if there be not any weft to raise it. This is obtained by the rise
and fall of the lever which operates the picking motion.
Fourthly. In imparting a positive motion, whether continuous or
intermittent, to the ratchet wheel employed for taking up the cloth
when applied to a single beam motion loom. The continuous motion is
effected by a train of gearing driven by either the crank or tappet shaft,
and the intermittent motion by either star wheel motion or by two
ratchet wheels, the teeth being in opposite directions to each other, one
operated by the usual catch and the other by a lever catch operated by
a cam or tappet on either the low shaft or crank shaft.

page_text: Fifthly. In imparting a positive intermittent motion to the ratchet
wheel for taking up the cloth in a two beam motion loom, thereby pre-
venting the ratchet wheel overrunning itself or having an irregular
travel, which is effected by similar means to those employed in the
fourth part.
Sixthly. In constructing the pickers to fill or fit the shuttle boxer
transversely, and in applying a guide to the front and back thereto
capable of adjustment for guiding the pickers instead of the picker
spindles or rods now used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Leeming and John Leeming in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 15th January 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
LEEMING, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Maker, and
JOHN LEEMING, of the same Place and Trade, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said James Leeming and John Leeming,
Her special licence that we, the said James Leeming and John Leeming,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said James Leeming and John Leeming, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Leeming
and John Leeming, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said. In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause

page_text: the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Leeming and John
Leeming, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
Sheet of Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists, firstly, in the application of a new arrangement
of the picking department or apparatus of a loom whereby any required
number of odd or even picks may be given from either side of the loom
in pick-and-pick looms, the tappet and its nose always having an even
and direct bearing upon the bowl which operates the picking motion,
thereby giving a firmer and easier pick. This is accomplished by
operating a lever on which is a sliding or slideable pulley interposed
between the tappet and the ordinary picking cone; or the cone may be
dispensed with and a wedge-shaped fixing substituted, the sliding pulley
being operated by a card connected to the jacquard apparatus or other
pattern surface when a change of pick is required. This arrangement
is applied to each side of the loom, and the sliding pullies connected by
a weigh beam lever or slide bar, so that when the pulley at one end is
moved out of contact the other is moved into contact with the picking
tappet, and by this means any number of picks may be given from either
end of the loom in succession, or alternate picks may be had when
'required. This arrangement is also applicable to other than pick-and-
pick looms.
Secondly and thirdly. Of an improved weft motion where the usual
weft fork is applied at each side of the loom, and suitable connection
for preventing the said weft fork motion knocking off the loom at the
side from which the shuttle is being thrown, and allowing it to act in
the usual manner at the opposite side of the loom. This is effected by a
weigh beam lever or a rocking shaft placed across the loom operating a
sliding bar on each weft hammer lever, so that the usual fork may pass
without being operated upon by the said lever even if there be not any
weft to raise it.
Fourthly. In imparting a positive intermittent motion to the ratchet
wheel employed for taking up the cloth when applied to a single beam

page_text: motion loom. This is effected by either star wheel motion or by two
ratchet wheels, the teeth being in opposite directions to each other, one
operated by the usual catch and the other by a lever catch operated by
a cam or tappet on either the low shaft or crank shaft.
Fifthly. In imparting a positive intermittent motion to the ratchet
wheel for taking up the cloth in a two beam motion loom, thereby pre-
venting the ratchet wheel overrunning itself or having an irregular
travel, which is effected by similar means as employed in the fourth part
or modifications thereof.
Sixthly. In constructing the pickers to fill the shuttle boxes trans-
versely, and in applying a guide to front and back thereof capable of
adjustment for guiding the pickers instead of the picker spindles or rods
now used.
In order that this Invention may be clearly understood reference is
given to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings illustrating such parts
of an ordinary loom as are necessary to shew the application of our
improvements thereto.
Fig. 1 is a portion of the back elevation; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross
section; Fig. 3 is a portion of the front clevation; and Fig. 4 is another
cross section of the same.
The first part of our said Invention is shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, wherein
A is one of the levers, in which are the pullies B, mounted on studs or
pins B' capable of sliding thereon. These levers are hinged on studs C
fixed to the end frame C', so as to be capable of oscillating. The two
pullies B are connected by a slide bar D, which clips on to necks b
formed on the bosses of the said pullies. This slide bar is moved in one
direction by means of the levers E and E¹, which are fixed on a shaft E²
carried in brackets fixed to the cross rail E³. This lever is operated
by means of a rod E*, or cord, or other means of connection with ordinary
jacquard peg lags or other indicating apparatus. A catch lever F drops
behind a lug D' fixed on the said slide bar D to hold it in that position
until required to be moved in the opposite direction. This is effected by
a spring G when the lever F is lifted clear of the holding lug by a
tappet H fixed on the tappet shaft H'. The levers A are guided in their
oscillations by slot brackets I fixed to the cross rail, and friction rollers J
are attached to the said levers, which are in contact with wedge-shaped

page_text: fixings K on the picking shafts L, which are substituted for ordinary
picking cones, or the ordinary picking cone may be used as heretofore.
M are the ordinary picking tappets fixed on the low shaft H' in the
usual manner. It will now be seen that the pulley B is placed in
position to be acted upon by the noses M' of the picking tappet M,
producing oscillation of the lever A, whereby the roller J will act upon
the fixing K and give the required action or motion to the picking
shaft L; and it will be understood that when this pulley B is in position
to be acted upon by its picking tappet the other pulley at the opposite
end of the loom is removed out of position, so that its picking tappet
cannot act upon it. Thus the order of picking will be governed or
regulated by the arrangements of the jacquard or other indicating appa-
ratus employed, so that any number of picks may be given from either
end of the loom in succession or alternately as may be required. It will
also be evident to practical loom makers and weavers that this arrange-
ment of the picking apparatus may be applied to other descriptions of
looms than the one illustrated. For instance, by removing one of the
noses from each picking tappet at opposite sides, and by keeping both
pullies B opposite the noses of picking tappets, the picking will be
alternate from each end of the loom, as in plain weaving.
The second and third parts of this Invention are also shewn in Fig. 2,
where N is the ordinary weft hammer or lever on which the weft fork O
catches when not held out of contact with the notch thercon by the
weft. P is a slideable bar applied to the side of the lever N, with a thin
flange projecting over the head of said lever in the notch thereof. This
rod is connected to a lever P' fixed on a rocking shaft, on which is also
fixed another lever P, which by rod Ps is in connection with the jacquard
or other indicating apparatus, and operated thereby in such manner that
the slide bar is lifted to fill up the notch at the proper time, so that the
weft fork cannot catch in the said notch at that side of the loom from
which the shuttle is being picked, as will be readily understood. It
must also be understood that this slide bar and its connections are
applied to each end of the locm, and the jacquard or other indicating
apparatus so arranged that each bar is actuated at the proper time.
The fourth and fifth parts of the said Invention are shewn in Figs. 2

page_text: former is turned by a catch or pawl S' hinged to a lever S, which is
hinged to the loom frame at one end; the other end has a slot in which
works a finger or pin S³ attached to the lathe sword S* by which motion
is given to the said catch or pawl for setting up. The other ratchet T
has its teeth formed in the contrary direction, as will be seen, and a
lever T', having a catch suitably formed at one end to enter the teeth of
the wheel, is hinged to a bracket Te fixed on the frame, and the other
end is acted upon by a cam or tappet T fixed on the crank shaft T", and
so set or timed that immediately after the pawl S₁ has turned the ratchet
wheels the lever T₁ drops into the teeth of its wheel, and thereby pre-
vents overrunning of the said wheels too far.
Fig. 4 illustrates a modification of means or apparatus for producing a
positive and intermittent motion to the taking-up beam as applied to a
two beam loom, wherein instead of the ratchet wheels a worm wheel V
is employed with a worm V₁ to work in it, fixed on a shaft V2 carried
in bearings of a frame V, and at the other end of which shaft is a bevel
wheel V gearing in another bevel wheel fixed on the side of a star
wheel Vs carried on a stud fixed in the loom frame, and operated by a
noggin plate V fixed on the crank shaft T. The worm is removed out
of gear by a lever W hinged to the loom end, and connected by a rod W¹
to the said frame V³; and this lever is also so arranged that the weft
fork lever Ws will act upon it to remove the worm out of gear when the
weft is broken or consumed.
The sixth part of the Invention is illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6, where
Fig. 5 is the cross section of a portion of the batten or shuttle bed X,
and the shuttle box Y with a picker Z therein formed to fit within the
said box, and which box is also formed so as to keep and guide the
picker in a proper direction without the aid of a picker spindle.
is the side view of the picker with a portion of the picking strap Z'.
Fig. 6
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and shewn
by Drawings how the same is or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, we would have it understood that while we do not con-
fine ourselves to the precise details described and shewn, neither do we
claim any of the parts separately considered; but what we claim is, the
combination and arrangement of the several parts constituting, com-
prising, or comprehending the improvements herein set forth, in manner

page_text: substantially as herein described and illustrated by the accompanying
.Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Leeming, for and on behalf
of myself and the said James Leeming, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of January, in the year of our 5
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Leeming in the
presence of
WM. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.
.
JOHN LEEMING. (L.S.)