IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS, in consequence of a communication made to me by a Foreigner
residing abroad, I am in possession of an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING" And whereas Her present most
Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent under the Great
Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of
August, in the ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her
especial license that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might made, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, "the
said Invention;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging
me, the said William Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and cause the
same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Edward Newton, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
to consist in an improved construction of machinery or apparatus for driving
and gradually raising and depressing the whole series of bobbins, the former
superseding the use of ordinary driving bands, and the latter effecting what is
commonly called the " copping motion." And in further compliance with the
said proviso, I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby describe the
manner in which the said Invention is to be performed, by the following state-
ment thereof, reference being had to the two Sheets of Drawings annexed, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, similar letters being used to denote
similar parts in all the Figures.
In the accompanying Drawings, Sheet No. 1, Figure 1, represents an end
elevation of a throstle frame, with stationary spindles, and caps or cones fixed
thereon, according to the plan known as the Danforth principle, to which is
added the aforesaid improved driving and copping apparatus; and Figure 2,
on Sheet No. 2, is a front elevation of the same,
which may
be of any required
extent, longitudinally dependant upon the number of spindles, six only in the
range being shewn in this Figure. The framework or standards in which the
working parts of the machinery are mounted may be of the ordinary form.
a, a, a, are the fixed spindles, mounted in stationary bracket arms b, b, b,
extending from the front rail of the framework. c, c, c, are the bobbins,
turning freely, and sliding up and down on the fixed spindles. d, d, d, are the
Dauforth caps or cones, mounted on the tops of the spindles, which parts are
more perfectly seen in the sectional detached view at Figure 3, Sheet No. 1.
e, e, e, are shields of tin plate, sometimes applied to prevent the yarns flying off
by their centrifugal force. The main driving shaft extends at f, f, longitudi-
nally through the machine, and is actuated by a band (from any first mover)
passed round the pulley g, which is made fast to the shaft f. Upon this shaft
there is also fixed another pulley h, carrying on endless band or strap i, i,
whereby the spinning operations are effected, as will be presently explained.
At each end of the machine there is a vibrating beam k, k, fixed upon a
fulcrum shaft l, and extending back and front to an equal distance from each
side of the shaft. The pivots of this shaft are mounted in the end frames.
Eyes or sockets m, m, are inserted into the ends of each vibrating beam, which
carry the axles or journals of auxiliary shafts n, n, there being one of such
shafts on each side of the machine. Upon these auxiliary shafts a series of
friction wheels p, p, p, p, p, p, are fixed, the bevelled edges of the peripheries
of which wheels are severally in contact with bevelled pullies at the lower
edges of the bobbins, and thence, by the rotation of the wheels p, the bobbins

page_text: c are made to revolve. The endless strap i, before mentioned, passes over the
pulley h, under the tension pullies q, q, mounted upon studs set in the side of
the vibrating beam k, and thence round the pullies r, r, upon the auxiliary
shafts n, n, a similar arrangement being found at the opposite end of the
machine. The improvements, it has been said, consist, firstly, in the mode of
driving the bobbins, and, secondly, in the means employed for effecting the
copping motions. These will be clearly understood by reference to the
Drawings above described, and by the following explanation:-Rotary motion
is given to the machinery by a driving band, or other means, applied to the
pulley g and shaft f. When this shaft f is in rotary motion, the endless band
i, i, which is passed over the pulley h, under the pulleys g, g, and partly round
the pullies r, r, causes the auxiliary shaft n, n, and the wheels p, p, p, p, p, p,
fixed upon them, to revolve; and the peripheries of these wheels being severally
in contact with the bevelled edges of the pullies at the bottoms of the bobbins,
the friction of such contact between the wheels p and bobbins c causes each
of the bobbins to spin round rapidly upon its stationary spindle. This is
the improved mode of driving the bobbins. Now the copping motion,
that is, the raising and depressing of the bobbins c upon the fixed spindles a,
in the Dauforth cops or cones d, for winding the yarns in helical curves
upon the bobbins, is effected by the vibratory or up and down movements
of the auxiliary shafts n, n, and the wheels p, p, p, p, p, p, which
are upon them. These vibrations lift one row of bobbins at one side of the
machine, and simultaneously depress the other row of bobbins at the other
side of the machine.
It has been said that the auxiliary shafts n, n, are mounted in sockets
attached to the ends of the vibrating beams k, k, which swing upon the
fulcrum shaft 1, the mode therefore of producing the swinging or vibratory
movements of the beams k, k, is the matter next to be explained :-
In Sheet N° 2, Fig. 2, it will be seen that upon the main driving shaft f
there is affixed a pulley s, from whence an endless band t, t, extends and
passes over a pulley u above. This pulley u is fixed upon a shaft, which turns
in a socket G, supported by the standard H, shewn at the top of the frame-
work, and at the opposite end of this shaft there is a toothed pinion that
takes into one of the series of coupling wheels w, through which the drawing
rollers are actuated. In this part no novelty is claimed, but connected with it
there is a worm wheel K, at the top of an inclined shaft x, in Figure 1,
Sheet N° 1, which is driven by a worm on the shaft of the wheel W of the
drawing rollers, and at the lower end of this shaft x there is a pinion taking

page_text: into a rim of teeth on the face of a wheel Y mounted on a stud set into the
side framework, by which pinion the wheel is made to revolve. In the back of
this wheel Y there is inserted an eccentric pin J, which, by a crank rod L, is
connected with the beam k. Hence it will be perceived that by a slow motion
through the shaft a the beams k are made to vibrate, that is, to rise and fall
alternately upon their fulcrum shaft l, l, as the operation of the machine goes
on, and by so doing to raise and depress alternately the auxiliary shafts n, n,
and wheels p, p, p, p, p, p, which will cause the bobbins to slide up and down
upon their spindles, and effect the copping motions. I would here observe
that the vibratory movement of the beams k, k, for producing a copping
motion, may be attained through the agency of what is known as the recipro-
cating mangle motion, and by several other means; the present improvement
therefore is to be understood as consisting in raising and depressing the
bobbins by means of the vibrating beams, auxiliary shafts, and friction wheels
here shewn, by whatever means those vibrating beams aro worked. The
Invention is also to be considered as not confined to the use of the precise
form of friction wheels p, p, p, here shewn, but to embrace also wheels having
either bevelled or other formed peripheries, and either covered with leather
or some rough surface to produce friction, or even smooth, if that should be
found to afford the necessary adhesion of the parts to communicate motion
to the bobbins.
Figure 4, Sheet No 1, represents what is called a live spindle, that is, a
spindle capable of turning, having a loose bobbin upon it, and a fixed flyer of
the ordinary kind. This is to shew the means of driving such a spinning
apparatus by means of friction wheels, such as shown at p, p, p, p, p, p, and
with the copping motion before described. a is in this case a live spindle,
working in a hollow tube or socket fixed in the bracket arm b, represented at
Figure 1 and 2, Sheets N° 1 and 2. c is the bobbin, its lower edge bearing
upon the periphery of one of the friction wheels p, mounted on the auxiliary
vibrating shafts before described. d is the flyer, fixed upon the spindle in the
usual way. The mode of operating with this modification of the Invention is
so obvious, that no further explanation is necessary.
Having now described the nature of the said improvements, and in what
manner the same are to be performed, I hereby claim as the Invention
aforesaid,-
First, the improvement of giving the necessary rotary motion to the bobbin
spindles or flyers of spinning machines, as the case may be, by bringing the
outer circumference of a friction wheel or pully connected with each, such

page_text: bobbin, spindle, or flyer in contact with the outer circumference of another
friction wheel or pully, which is caused to rotate for that purpose, such as
herein-before described; and,
Secondly, in producing what is termed the copping motion, by causing the
said last-mentioned friction wheels or pullies to rise and fall by mounting them
on vibrating shafts, such as herein-before described, made to vibrate, either as
shewn in the Drawing annexed, or by any other suitable known means of
producing such action.
And such the said Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
entirely new, and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her
Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare
this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my
said Specification doth comply in all respects fully, and without reserve or
disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent contained; wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right
and privilege to the said Invention.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Third
day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Third day of January, in
the year above mentioned, the aforesaid William Edward Newton came
before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.