IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Walker Smith, of the Town of Nottingham,
Hosier, and Daniel Scattergood, of the same Town, Framesmith, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING LOOPED
FABRICS."
Sealed the 10th December 1861, and dated the 11th June 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Walker Sinith
and Daniel Scattergood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 11th June 1861.
We, ROBERT WALKER SMITH, of the Town of Nottingham, Hosier, aud
DANIEL SCATTERGOOD, of the same Town, Framesmith, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANU-
FACTURING LOOPED FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in forming the loops of looped fabrics by means of
instruments of a new shape and arrangement, such instruments being brought
into position for producing the right length of loop by means of a regulating
bar, slur cocks, and of the spring of the instruments themselves, or of a spring
attached to such instruments. These instaments may also be acted upon by
catches, which on being set at liberty by a slur cock leave the instruments to
act as before stated. These instruments are used as a substitute for the jack
and sinkers used in ordinary frames and form a jack and sinker in one piece,

page_text: or if the sinker is desired to be separate from the jack, then the horizontal
part of the instrument working the sinker may form the spring for bringing
the sinker back into its place.
And, further, our Invention consists in an arrangement of the bar carrying
the instruments above referred to, whereby they may be caused to move half a
gauge during the working of the frame, thus reducing the cost and simplifying
the use of fine gauges.
ECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Walker Smith and Daniel Scattergood in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th December 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
WALKER SMITH, of the Town of Nottingham, Hosier, and DANIEL SCATTERGOOD,
of the same Town, Framesmith, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Robert Walker Smith and Daniel Scattergood, Her special licence that we,
the said Robert Walker Smith and Daniel Scattergood, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert Walker Smith
and Daniel Scattergood, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING LOOPED FABRICS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Robert Walker Smith and Daniel
Scattergood, or one of us, our executors or administrators, by- an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Walker Smith and Daniel
Scattergood, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-

page_text: tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists in forming the loops of looped fabrics by means of
instruments of a new shape and arrangement, such instruments being brought
into position for producing the right length of loop by means of a regulating
bar, slur cocks, and of the spring of the instruments themselves, or of a spring
attached to such instruments. These instruments may also be acted upon by
catches, which on being set at liberty by a slur cock, leave the instruments to
act as before stated. These instruments are used as a substitute for the jack
and sinkers used in ordinary frames, and form a jack and sinker in one piece;
or if the sinker is desired to be separate from the jack, then the horizontal
part of the instrument working the sinker may form the spring for bringing
the sinker back into its place.
And, further, our Invention consists in an arrangement of the bar carrying
the instruments above referred to, whereby they may be caused to move half a
gauge during the working of the frame, thus reducing the cost and simplifying
the use of fine gauges.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, of the accompanying Drawings, is a front view of a
machine constructed according to our Invention, for the manufacture of a
ribbed looped fabric, portions of a number of the horizontal bars being removed
to shew more fully their relative positions.
Figure 2, Sheet 2, is a sectional view of the same machine taken from the
right hand end.
Figure 5, Sheet 3, represents a modification of the greater portion of that
shown at Figure 2; it is drawn full size, and shews a method of actuating
some of the instruments above-mentioned. In the three Figures the several
parts are shown in the position they relatively occupy when a course is about
to be made..
Figures 3 and 4, Sheet 2, show in front and end view respectively a second
modification of some of the instruments.
Figure 6, Sheet 4, represents a third arrangement of instruments for making
a plain looped fabric.
In Figures 1, 2, and 5, similar letters of reference refer to similar parts.
A, A, are two end standards, connected together by three tie bars B, C, D;
above the tie bar C a number of pieces C' are screwed, upon which the frame
needle bar C² slides. The leads of the frame needles lie on the needle bar,
where they are secured by a plate and screw in the usual way; the needle
bar is attached by a link and lever to a spindle bar C³ furnished with a lever
carrying a truck werking upon the cam No. 3, which communicates a horizontal

page_text: sliding motion to the needle bar; the needle bar can be moved back by the
hand lever C³ screwed to the spindle bar; C, C+, are plates secured to the
bar C, one to each division of the frame in the top of the plates which stand
up; in front of the needle bar, tricks are cut, and pieces of metal are soldered
therein, which form a sley for the frame needles to work in; above the frame
needles and in front of the sley lies the presser plate D", attached by arms to
the presser bar D', at the back of which is a lever carrying a truck working
upon the cam No. 7. The presser bar lies in bearings secured to the presser
spindle bar D, provided with a lever and truck moved by the cam No. 1.
There-is-a-sinker-bar-E-below-the-presser-bar-D,-to-which. sinker_leads.are
secured, the bar being supported by brackets screwed to an angle bar E'
carried by two rocking levers E2 on a spindle bar E³, supported in bearings
secured to the end standards, the sinker bar being held up by springs at the
back end of the levers E2, which are free to turn on the round ends of the
bar E, independent of the movement of such bar. when actuated by the cam
No. 2. E is a lever secured to the E³, by which the frame can be sunk
by the pressure of the foot; to the bar E³ are secured arms which support the
falling bar F, the depth to which such bar falls being regulated by the bottom
of the star screws F. At the back of the falling bar is a slur cock bar G, to
which are screwed clips, which embrace two bars sliding in front of the
bar G. In the front sliding bar are a number of pins, which take into the
same number of slots in the other sliding bar, by which means a lead is always
obtained by the front bar, it moving the other after it by the pins bearing on
either end of the slots; the end of a lever G takes into a hole in a bracket
secured to the front sliding bar, the lever being connected to a bar G³ having
the opposite end lying in a bearing secured to the left standard; the bar G³
carries two trucks, and has a to-and-fro motion communicated to it by the
drawing cam No. 9. There is a bracket near the upper end of the lever G
at the back thereof, which is attached to a connecting rod G', working upon a
plate secured to the slide bar G", on the end of which is secured the arm G,
which carries a bolt that drops upon a pin in a small bracket screwed to the
front thread carrier slide bar G7, by which the thread carriers are moved to and
fro, the bar and carriers G³ remaining at rest until moved in a similar manner
by the bolt being moved by hand from one bar to the other, as required, both
bars being attached to separate bearings sliding upon the rod Go, supported by
brackets screwed to the ends castings and tie bar D. To the spindle bar E³
are screwed the leads of the spring jack sinkers II, which are forced up by the
slur cocks when the frame has been sunk, which is effected by the cam No. 5,
working on a truck and lever attached to the spindle bar E³. The above

page_text: described parts constitute what is called the frame. The following are the
parts which are called the machine:-To the spindle bar i are secured arms
forming bearings for the brackets ' connected by a horizontal bar. To the
top of the brackets is screwed the needle bar ², carrying the machine needle
leads, the needles in which stand up in front of the sley plate C. At the back
of the machine needles there is the slide provided with a number of pins ³,
which rest and work in the tops of screws in arms attached to the spindle bar i*,
supported in bearings screwed to the tie bar C; the slide rides upon three
pieces of metal lying between it, and attached to the machine needle bar ²; the
rising and falling motion of the slide is effected by the cam No. 8, working on
a truck and lever attached to the spindle bar it; the bar is moved vertically
by a truck and lever secured to the spindle bar i by the cam No. 6. There is
a spring K, at each end of the frame, which holds the machine in position, and
prevents it coming too forward. To the bar connecting the brackets i a rod
is hooked, the lower end being attached to a lever near the floor, by which the
machine can be sunk by the foot when required.
Having now described the part known as the machine, we will describe the
following, which works in conjunction with the whole. L represents the
apparatus for winding up the work as fast as made, irrespective of the increasing
diameter of the work on the roller. To each width of work there is a cast-iron
frame L, which moves freely on the rod L¹ secured in the end standards, the
sides of the framing form bearings for a small roller having a disc near each
end, between which the work is wound; the roller is provided with a ratchet
wheel at one end, a spring catch takes into the wheel at the upper side, and
on the rod L is a lever L moved by a cam No. 4 on the cam shaft M; the
lower end of the lever is provided with a driver having the back end the
heaviest, so that the ratchet wheel is moved a notch round at every revolution
of the cam shaft, if the winding frame has dropped low enough for the driver
to act upon the wheel.
Figures 3 and 4, Sheet 2, represent the instruments we sometimes employ
instead of the slur cocks to draw the jacks. N represents a cracked spring
jack sinker; N¹ is a disc of metal having a piece cut out at the edge to
receive the cranked portion of the sinker; there are a number of these discs,
and a washer N placed alternately upon a shaft, the cut portion of the disks
being placed a little in advance of one another, whereby the sinkers will be
depressed one after the other as the shaft is alternately turned partly round
either way; the dotted lines represent the sinkers up, and the lower lines
represent the sinkers down in the end view; the sinkers all rise to feed and fall
down to form the loop, being forced down by the disks N¹. We communicate

page_text: a reciprocating rotary motion to the shaft by means of a crank and rocking
lever, or by a to-and-fro motion of a cam or in any other more convenient
manner.
The action is as follows:-The frame being placed in the position shewn in
Figures 1, 2, and 5, ready for starting, the slur cocks slide across, raising the
jack sinkers; at the same time the thread carriers just precede them laying the
thread on the needles for a loop to be made by the fall of the jacks, the frame
is sunk, the lead sinkers dividing the loops while the jack sinkers rise a little,
both sinkers holding the loops until received by the frame needles receding, the
presser-as-soon as the loops get under the beards of the needles coming down
on to the beards and pressing them to allow the previously-formed-loops-to-
pass over, the sinkers rising to allow the frame needles to complete the course
and again falling previous to a fresh course being made; the above completes
the frame course, at which time the machine is lowered to press the machine
course, the presser being moved to press the slide, coming up at the same
time to land the bottom loops on the machine needle beards, the work being
drawn over the heads of the machine needles by the said slide, the frame needle
bar coming forward to receive a fresh course.
"
Figure 6, Sheet 4, represents a third arrangement of instruments for making
a plain looped fabric. C² is the frame needle bar; D is a presser plate, which
has tricks cut in it, in number equal to half the number of needles used;
in each "trick" is soldered a small piece of steel D³, which, as the presser is
lowered to press the frame course will, previous to pressing, divide the loops
made by the fall of the spring jack sinkers H, secured to the spindle bar E³,
the jack sinkers being slightly raised to allow the bits to perform their work.
The falling bar F is regulated by the slur screws and lock nut F working in
brackets secured to the tie bar C; 0, 0, are hook leads secured to a bar O',
supported by arms attached to a spindle bar 0%.
The motions of the several parts are the same as described above for the
frame course, except the "tricks" D³ in the presser dividing the loop in the place
of the lead sinkers, the work being knocked over the needle heads by the
hooks in the leads O. The cam No. 14 moves the needle bar in and out, No. 2
moves the presser, No. 3* moves the jack bar, falling bar, and connections,
No. 4 moves the sinker hooks..
The several cams are fully shewn on Sheet 4, the numbers corresponding
with the same in the description of the several parts.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim as our "Im-
provements in Machinery for Manufacturing Looped Fabrics,"

page_text: First, the construction and combinations of instruments for forming the
oops of looped fabrics, arranged and acting substantially in manner herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, the construction and employment of spring jack sinkers for obtaining
he loop in looped fabrics, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Walker Smith and Daniel
Scattergood, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day of
December, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.