PRESERVING FOOD AND OTHER ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Yate Johnson of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the
IMPROVEMENTS IN
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an Invention of
PRESERVING FOOD AND OTHER ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES "-com-
municated to him from La Société Anonyme de Conservation alimentaire,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Yate Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1883.
JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
OTHER ANIMAL
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING FOOD AND
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
"
OR
communicated to me from La Société Anonyme de
Conservation alimentaire resident at Paris in the Republic of France
This Invention relating to the preservation of food and other animal and
vegetable substances consists in the utilization as hereinafter described of the
antiseptic properties possessed by certain paraffins or hydrocarbons variously
known as "Petreoline" vaseline or soft paraffin
According to this Invention meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, eggs, custards, oils fats
Corpses and in general all organic matter of animal or vegetable origin are preserved
from deterioration or decay by the application of this substance
"Petreoline is found in the native state in various bituminous strata and in
particular on the shores of the Black and Caspian Seas and constitutes the minerals
known as fossil wax hatchettin or Ozokerite.
When the light
This material may be prepared in the following manner.
products of crude Petroleum have been distilled and the tar obtained has been
suitably disinfected or rendered inoderous a portion of the latter is mixed with
six parts of pulverized animal charcoal-These materials after exposure for about
twenty four hours to an elevated temperature of say about fifty degrees Centigrade
are introduced into a suitable apparatus and washed with boiling ether. This
dissolves the "Petreoline" and is collected with the latter in a suitable vessel or
The product required
receiver being subsequently recovered by distillation.

page_text: remains at the bottom of the distilling apparatus and simply requires warming
in an open vessel in order to remove all traces of ether.
$5
The Petreoline" thus obtained is white or red in various shades and appears
8.8 a homogeneous mucilaginous paste somewhat tenacious very unctuous and
yielding readily to pressure but never showing any exudation of oil and is inodorus
and tasteless.
Melting at about thirty five degrees Centigrade it boils at three bundred. Its
density at fifty degrees Centigrade is 0.840-It is desirable to protect it from the
solar rays 88 a prolonged exposure to the light developes a slight odour of
Petroleum. " 'Petreoline dissolves in various proportions in fatty substances,
essences Sulphuret of Carbon and Chloroform and ether-In the latter case the
solution is more readily effected at an elevated temperature. Melted with a fixed
oil in the proportions of about six per Cent the "Petreoline" solidifies the oil in
cooling. The same result is obtained with Glycerine from which the "Petreoline"
may be separated by the addition of a small quantity of water-Damp air, salts
and oxides are without effect upon "Petreolino" which is incapable of turning
rancid or of saponification being a natural mixture of liquid and solid hydrocarbons
in the proportion of about seventy four parts by weight of liquid hydrocarbon to
twenty six parts of solid hydrocarbon.
"
This substance may be applied to the articles that are to be preserved either
by smearing or spreading it over the surface of the latter or by immersing the
articles in the Petreoline" or by injecting it into the system of circulation
through the carotid artery the heart or the aorta or by simultaneous injection and
immersion.
"Petreoline" may also be applied to the articles after these operations in the
form of a fabric or other material impregnated or saturated with the antiseptic and
wrapped round the articles in the form of bandages or otherwise
The antiseptic substance may be employed pure or dissolved in varying
proportions in any suitable solvent-In order to still further prolong if possible
the time for which the articles may be preserved or to impart special properties to
the materials or articles treated the "Petreoline" may be combined with other
substances possessing the requisite qualities
The products preserved may be exposed to the air but should be protected from
solar rays as far as possible

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Yate Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th March 1884.
JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING FOOD AND OTHER ANIMAL OR
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES a communication to me from La Société Anonyme de
Conservation alimentaire resident at Paris in the Republic of France
"
This Invention relating to the preservation of food and other animal and
vegetable substances consists in the utilisation as hereinafter described of the
antiseptic properties possessed by certain paraffins or hydrocarbons variously
known as "petreoline vaseline or soft paraffin but which I will hereinafter
designate "petreoline."
According to this Invention meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, eggs, custards, oils,
fats and in general all organic matter of animal or vegetable origin are preserved
from deterioration or decay by the application of this substance as hereinafter
described.
"Petreoline" is found in the native state in various bituminous strata and in
particular on the shores of the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and known as fossil
wax hatchettin, or ozocerite.
These materials may be prepared for use for the purpose of this Invention in
the following manner. When the light products of crude petroleum bave been
distilled and the tar obtained has been disinfected or rendered inodorous a portion
of the latter is mixed with about six parts of pulverised animal charcoal. These
materials after expo-ure for about twenty four hours to an elevated temperature
of say about fifty degrees centigrade are introduced into a suitable apparatus and
washed with boiling ether which dissolves the "petreoline" and is collected with
the latter in a suitable vessel or receiver being subsequently recovered by distillation.
The product remaining at the bottom of the distilling apparatus simply requires
warming in an open vessel in order to remove all traces of ether and it constitutes
the "petreoline" for the purposes of this Invention.
The "petreoline" thus obtained is white or red in various shades and appears
as a homogeneous mucilaginous paste somewhat tenacious very unctuous and
yielding readily to pressure but never showing any exudation of oil and is
inodorous and tasteless.
"
Melting at about thirty five degrees centigrade it boils at three hundred. Its
density at fifty degrees Centigrade is 0.840. It is desirable to protect it from
the solar rays as a prolonged exposure to the light develops a slight odour of
petroleum. "Petreoline" dissolves in various proportions in fatty substances,
essences sulphurets of carbon and chloroform and Ether. In the latter case the
solution is more readily effected at an elevated temperature. Melted with a fixed
oil in the proportions of about six per cent the "petreoline" solidifies the oil in
cooling. The same result is obtained with glycerine from which the "petreoline
may be separated by the addition of a small quantity of water. Damp air, salts
and oxides are without effect upon "petreoline" which is incapable of turning
rancid or of saponification, being a natural mixture of liquid and solid hydro-
carbons in the proportion of about seventy four parts by weight of liquid
hydrocarbon to twenty six parts of solid hydrocarbon. Petreoline is a most
efficacious antiseptic and is capable of being employed with great advantage as
hereinafter described for the preservation of various articles or substances.
This substance may be applied to the articles that are to be preserved either
by smearing or spreading it over the surface thereof or by immersing the articles

page_text: in the "petreoline" or when applied to the preservation of corpses or the carcases
of animals by injecting it into the system of circulation, through the carotid artery,
the heart, or the aorta, or by simultaneous injection and immersion.
"Petreoline may also be applied to the articles after these operations in the
form of a fabric or other material impregnated or saturated with the antiseptic and
wrapped round the articles in the form of bandages or otherwise. `
The antiseptic substance may be employed pure or dissolved in varying
proportions in any suitable solvent. In order to still further prolong if possible
the time for which the articles may be preserved or to impart special properties
to the materials or articles treated, the "petreoline" may be combined with other
substances possessing the requisite qualities such for example as materials capable
of retarding the dissolution of the antiseptic.
The products preserved may be exposed to the air but should be protected from
solar rays as far as possible and may be conveniently packed in boxes or placed in
ovens or other receptacles.
"Petreoline" may be employed as hereinbefore described for preserving cooked
meat or dried fruits and also for the preservation of edible and other oils and
fats which simply require to be mixed with the "petreoline" in order to ensure
their preservation.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part
recited Letters Patent is :-
First Preserving food and other animal or vegetable substances by the
employment of " Petreofine," vaseline, or soft paraffin obtained and applied
substantially as hereinbefore described.
Second Preserving oils and fats by mixing these substances with dissolved
"Petreoline" substantially as hereinbefore described.
دو
into the system of
Third Preserving corpses by injecting "Petreoline
circulation with or without immersion in "Petreoline" substantially as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof I the said James Yate Johnson have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal this twenty-first day of March One thousand eight hundred
and eighty four.
TRA + JOHNSON