Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 24th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 27th Jan., 1888
We SAMUEL WILSON DRURY, Stevenson Road Sheffield in the County of York,
Wheelwright, and ROBERT SMITH of Castle Hill, Sheffield aforesaid Iron Merchant
do hereby declare the nature of our said invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object to improve the construction of Carts, to strengthen
various parts, and to render it easy to renew those parts which are the first to suffer
by wear, to improve the construction of the wheels and also to reduce the cost of
manufacture.
The first part of our invention relates especially to the construction of the body of
the cart, and consists in a novel combination of metallic supports with woodwork, the
metal work consisting chiefly of castings of steel or other suitable metal, so as to
combine lightness with strength.
The castings at the back corners of the cart, are constructed so as to form part of
the side of the cart, against which the edge of the door fits, combining also the loops
or eyes for the door pins, the side strut, the rung end iron, (for the cotter) and a recess
to receive the side panel.
The hind-door is made with a casting at each end, a portion of which forms part of
the door, and fits against the before-described casting, where it is described as forming
part of the side; it also combines a bottom peg, and a loop or eye to receive the rung
end iron before mentioned.
This arrangement permits of the door being made of one piece of wood or
panel."
The centre side strut over the axle bed is constructed to give support to the side of
cart up to the top edge, and is bolted through the "blade."
The front corner castings are constructed so as to allow the side panels to pass
between them and a piece of angle iron, bolted through the side and casting; the
said casting also forms the front strut, and a cap for the head bed end. The angle iron
is so fixed as to receive front panel.
The front frame-piece or head bed may be either wood or metal (such as angle iron)
and the side panels, front panel, and hind-door may be carried up to the top of the
sides and ends, but are preferably strengthened by outside strips, so as to form a rung
or moulding, round the top edge.

page_text: The blades, or longitudinal frame pieces are considerably tapered or bevilled on the
underside, to the front ends, by which means the front ends of the shafts are raised
much above the level, enabling the body of the cart to be brought nearer to the axle
than usual, and dispensing with the expensive curved shafts. The stand iron or
cotter peg on the shafts is fixed upon a plate, and is secured by two bolts passing
through the said plate, and the shaft; and a corresponding plate is fixed on the
underside of the blade.
The side panels when made either of wood or metal have the lower edges protected
by a strip of angle iron, the panel resting upon the inside face of one of the members,
and thus making a very durable and perfect joint.
The second part of our invention refers to the wheels of vehicles generally
and not to carts in particular, and more particularly to the naves and spokes.
We make the nave or hub by casting it of steel or other suitable metal, and partly
formed in combination with the bush; it has a solid flange of considerable diameter
which forms the support for the back of the spokes, a similar flange or front cap
is
fitted on to the axle bush end and is secured to the back flange by a number of bolts
passing through the spokes which are held firmly in position between the two flanges;
the butts of the spokes being shaped and fitted to form a continuous circle of wood,
impervious to wet.
The front end of the bush we leave solid and closed, with the exception of a small
hole for lubricating purposes, and thus dispense with the usual screwed which is
cap,
both expensive and troublesome. On the back end of the bush a hollow ring is cast,
the interior being to receive the collar on the axle, and the moon-plate, and through
which the moonplate bolts pass to secure the wheel to the axle ; it also forms a cavity
for the lubricant.
The outside or periphery of the hollow ring is utilized as a brake wheel, round
which the brake strap is fixed, and operated by a suitable lever and connections.
We are enabled by our arrangement and construction of metallic supports, to use
much lighter woodwork for the sides and ends of the cart, to make the joints of a
more durable character, and to improve the appearance of the cart without adding to
the cost of manufacture.
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page_text: Improvements in Road Vehicles.
We SAMUEL WILSON DRURY, Stevenson Road, Sheffield in the County of York,
Wheelwright, and ROBERT SMITH of Castle Hill, Sheffield, aforesaid Iron Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention has for its object to improve the construction of Carts and Wagons,
and other Vehicles having wheels; to strengthen various parts of such vehicles; to
improve the construction of the wheels; to render it more easy to renew
some of the parts which are the first to wear out, and to reduce the cost of
manufacture.
The first part of our invention refers to the construction of the body of the vehicle,
and more especially to the construction of the metallic supports which are arranged
to combine lightness with strength.
The second part refers to the construction of the wheels, and more particularly to
the naves and spokes of the said wheels.
And in order that our invention may be clearly understood we annex a series of
illustrative drawings of the various parts of our invention which will be better
understood therewith.
Fig. 1, Two views of the front bracket and strut.
Fig. 2, Similar views of the middle bracket.
Fig. 3, The back bracket, and door end piece, and back of same.
Fig. 4, shows the detachable joint of the door.
Fig. 5, Front bracket when used for outside shafts.
Fig. 6, Middle bracket do
do
Fig. 7, plan of joint between side and front panels.
Fig. 8, bottom joint of front panel to cart floor.
Fig. 9, two views of angle iron back frame piece.
Fig. 10, section showing how metallic side panels are secured.
Fig. 11, Section of Nave, showing ends of spokes.
In carrying out the first part of our invention in the construction of the body of
a Cart, for example, we make the front corner bracket A. Fig. 1, by casting it (pre-
ferably in steel) in combination with the strut B, and so formed as to allow the side
panel C to be secured between the inner face of the corner bracket and a suitable
length of angle iron D, by means of bolts, as shown in Fig. 7, the said angle iron
being so arranged that it will receive the front panel E and form its support.
The middle bracket F, Fig. 2, placed over the axle is also constructed with a strut,
both being cast in one piece, and it gives support to the side panel up to the top edge;
It is secured by bolts, in a similar manner to the front bracket.
The castings forming the back bracket G and strut B, and the door end piece H,
are shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The back bracket is constructed with a recess to receive

page_text: the end of the side panel and to form a part of the side of the cart, against which the
edge of the door fits.
The rung end iron, or door top fastener I, and the bottom eye, or tumbler joint J,
is combined in the same casting. The door end piece H, is made to receive the door
panel, and to form the end or edge of the door; with this casting is combined the
eye K, to receive the rung end iron, and either a peg or pin, or the corresponding
half of the tumbler joint L, as shown in Fig. 4. This arrangement permits of the
door being made of one piece of wood or steel panel.
The front frame piece or head bed may be either wood or panel (such as angle iron)
and the side panels, front panel, and hind door, may be carried up to the top of the
sides and ends, but are preferably strengthened by outside strips forming a rung or
moulding round the top edge.
The cotter peg for the shafts is made solid with a plate, by which it is secured
to the shaft and a corresponding plate with a peg hole is fixed on the underside of
the blade.
When thin metallic side panels M, are used, the lower edge of the panel rests upon
the inside face of the horizontal member of a length of angle iron N, which also
forms the blade ends and is held between the side-blade O, and the vertical member
of the angleiron being secured by bolts passing through the said parts, as shown in
Fig. 10.
The back frame piece is shown in Fig. 9, it is made of angle iron, by cutting off a
portion of the lower member, at each end, so as to leave a strip of the vertical
member as indicated by dotted lines; these pieces are then hent round the flat member,
and welded thereto.
When outside shafts are required, we make the front and middle brackets as
represented in Figs. 5 & 6. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a front bracket, the upper
portion or blade is provided with a strut, and a projecting piece P, runs from side to
side, and extends sufficiently from the front to receive the shaft cotter peg Q, the
underface of the projection P, forming a support for the shaft to bear against. The
lower part is flat, and is provided with bolt holes, by which it can be secured. The
middle bracket Fig. 6, is constructed with a pocket or opening R to receive the end
of the shaft or a joint piece attached thereto, which is secured in position by a joint
pin S upon which it can turn; the opening being made large enough to allow the
required amount of movement of the shaft.
The second part of our invention relates to the wheels of Vehicles generally, and
refers more particularly to the naves and spokes.
We make the nave or hub shown in Fig. 11, by casting it in steel or other suitable
metal, and combining with it that part known as the bush, in which the end of the
axle T fits; it has a solid circular flange U, of considerable diameter, and more or less
concave or dished on its inner face, this flange forms the support for the back of the
spokes V.
A corresponding loose flange or front cap W having a considerable amount of con-
cavity on its inner face is fitted on to the axle bush end, and is secured to the back
flange U, by a number of bolts passing through both flanges and through the butt
ends of the spokes V, which are thus securely gripped between the two concave or
dished faces of the flanges U and W.
The front face of the butt end of each spoke is tapered, increasing in size to the
end, and formning what is called a dovetail, so that when held between the dished
faces of the before described flanges U and W, it is impossible for them to draw or
become loose, a matter of great importance.
The said butt ends are tapered in the opposite direction on their sides to such an
angle that when the required number are placed in their relative positions they form
a continuous and solid circle of wood, the junctions being so close as to be impervious
to wet.
The front end of the bush we prefer to leave solid or closed up, but having a small
hole provided for lubricating purposes, and we thus dispense with the nsual screw
can. which is expensive and very liable to be lost.

page_text: At the back end of the bush we form a hollow chamber of enlarged diameter X,
the interior being partly utilized as a reservoir for oil or other lubricant, and also to
receive the solid collar Y upon the axle ; the moonplate Z, at the back of the collar
is secured to the said chambered portion of the bush, by a number of short bolts
passed through solid parts of the casting, and thus the nave or bush is firmly secured
to the axle.
The rim or periphery of the enlarged hollow chamber X is if required, used as
a brake wheel the brake strap being applied by any suitable means.
A Cart or other Vehicle constructed according to our invention, or with the im-
provements as hereinbefore described, can be made with much lighter panels, without
reducing its strength or imparing its durability; the joints or corner angles will be
of a more durable nature, and the general appearance of the Vehicle will be improved,
and the life of the wheels very materially lengthened.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same may be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1-In the manufacture of Carts, Wagons, and other like Vehicles, the combined
side brackets and struts for the support of the side panels constructed substantially as
hereinbefore described and as shown in Figs. 1 & 2.
2-The side brackets for the support of outside shafts, constructed substantially as
hereinbefore described and as shown in Figs. 5 & 6.
3-The combination of the various parts constituting the arrangement for securing
the side panels to the blades or side frames, and forming the blado ends substantially
as hereinbefore described and as shown in Fig. 10.
4-The combination of the various parts constituting the arrangement for
securing the panels together substantially as herein before described and as shown in
Fig. 7.
-A metallic Back frame piece constructed from angle iron, as described and
shown in Fig. 9.
6-A back bracket, and a door end piece, which combine the rung-end iron and
eye, and the parts of the bottom joint, or fastener, substantially as hereinbefore
described, and shown in Figs. 3 & 4.
7-In wheels for Vehicles, the construction of the nave or bush, for the purposes
specified, and substantially as herein before described, and as shown in Fig. 11.
8-In metallic naves for the wheels of Vehicles, the dished flanges U and W,
arranged for the purpose specified.
9-In metallic naves for the wheels of the Vehicles the general combination and
arrangement of the parts, constituting an oil chamber, a brake rim, and the means of
securing the nave to the Axle, as herein before described and as shown in Fig. 11.
10 In the Wheels of Vehicles, forming the front and back faces (or one of them)
of the butt end of the spokes, of an increasing taper, for the purpose specified, and
as herein before described and as shown in Fig. 11.
Dated the 23rd day of December 1887.
ROBT. F. DRURY.
Agent for the Applicants.