An Improved Sprayer, Chiefly Designed for use in Connection with Water-heating Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Sprayer, Chiefly Designed for use in Connection with
Water-heating Apparatus.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., the General
Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London. Patent Agents,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from abroad by
Emil Heinrich Conrad Oehlmann, of Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer)
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a sprayer which is mainly intended for use in
apparatus for heating water for baths by means of gas, the object of the invention
being to form a layer of spray of such a thickness and in such a finely divided condition
that all heat is extracted from the heated gases passed therethrough and that at the same
time the gases capable of absorption are taken up in more or less large quantities.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a sprayer constructed according to my
invention and
Figures 2 and 3 are cross sections thereof.
Figure 4 represents the sprayer applied to a bath water-heating apparatus.
The improved sprayer A, figure 1, comprises the bottom piece a having the water
inlet b, the superposed rings a, a, a³-and the top piece a*. The lower face or edge of
each ring and of the top piece is provided with small grooves c, c which are made to
converge in pairs or in groups as shown in Figure 2. The several rings and the top
and bottom pieces are kept in their proper positions by a cross B which is fixed to the
bottom piece a and forms an inner guide for the rings; and the uppermost ring a' is
screwed tightly onto the other rings by a screw d which is inserted into the centre of
the cross B thereby holding all the parts together. A closed cylinder is thus formed
baving rows of outlet openings at the bottom of each ring and of the top piece.
It will be understood that if water is forced into the cylinder it escapes through the
channels c, c, the jets passing through each pair of converging channels striking against
one another and thereby producing a very fine spray which extends the full height of
the cylinder and constitutes a kind of layer of spray.
It is not absolutely necessary to make the channels c, c converge as they may be
arranged radially or otherwise. In this case, however, the result is not so favorable
unless the jets are caused to impinge against suitable objects by which the water is
broken up.
If the sprayer hereinbefore described is arranged within a casing, as shown
in. Figure 4, in such a manner that the layer of finely divided water extends to
the said casing, the gases due to the combustion of gas issuing from the burner at the
bottom of the casing are obliged to penetrate through the layer of spray before escaping
whereby the heat of the gases is absorbed. It is obvious that if the layer of spray be
thick enough practically all the heat of the gases of combustion will be absorbed.
The water constituting the spray must be collected as it falls and this is advan-
tageously effected by a funnel figure 4, connected to the pipe e which supplies the
bath.
Owing to the fact that the gases of combustion have to pass through a thick layer
of spray not only is the heat extracted from those gases but also all the gases capable
of absorption such as carbonic acid, sulphurous acid and the like are taken up by the
water.
If in time the channels c, c in the rings become choked, it is only. necessary
in order to put the apparatus into working order to remove the screw d and to take off
the top piece a² and the separate rings a¹, a², a³—and to clean out the channels the parts

page_text: are then again fitted together in the manner hereinbefore described when the apparatus
will again be ready for work.
Although I have described the channels as being formed in the lower faces of the
rings they may with equal advantage be formed in the upper faces, or in both the
upper and lower faces. The channels can also be dispensed with provided suitable
outlets for the water are provided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
Spraying apparatus comprising a number of rings having channels formed in their
faces in such a manner that, when the rings are fitted together and the apparatus
connected to a water supply, rows of water jets will flow from the said channels and
form a layer of spray, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
Dated the 20th day of July 1800
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.