IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING YARNS UPON COps
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Wirth, of the Firm of Wirth and Company,
Patent Agency, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of
Germany, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND
APPARATUS FOR TREATING YARNS UPON COps."-A communication from
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank Wirth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th March 1875.
I, FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent
Agency, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING YARNS UPON COPS," a com-
munication, to be as follows:—
This Invention is designed to increase the beauty of yarns upon cops.
I use a tank divided in two
by bleaching, dyeing, or other means.
compartments by a perforated bottom, the lower of which communicates

page_text: with the upper one by means of circular openings and with the outside
of the tank by means of an inflow tube and an outflow tube. The
openings of the perforated bottom serve to receive hollow spindles on
which the yarn cops are set up; on the surface which is covered by the
cops the spindles are perforated by means of small round openings or
slits like a rose. The openings being tightly closed by means of a conc
no communication is possible between the aforesaid two compartments
except by the hollow spindles and the cops fixed thereon.
consequence thereof a liquid which is poured in the upper space will
have its outlet to the lower compartment through the cops and hollow
spindles.
In
As long as the yarn cops are in a dry state, as they come from the
spinning frame, the air between the different yarn layers resists a quick
impregnation of the liquid; however, this resistance may be surmounted
by a higher liquid column, or better still by withdrawing the air from
the lower compartment by means of an air pump, and thus forcing the
air contained in the cops to follow the one withdrawn in the same
direction. The liquid contained in the upper compartment follows the
air escaping downwards and is discharged through the outlet pipe, which
is then to be opened. If this downwardly bent tube is made of a
sufficient length the weight of the liquid contained therein accelerates
the passing through the cops.
The liquid is forced inversely from the lower compartment to the
upper one, if conducted by the lengthened inlet pipe from a highly
situated vessel to the lower compartment, and at the same time closing
the outflow pipe the liquid then penetrates from the interior to the
outside.
If the liquid has all passed through, the room between the yarn layers
of the cops will now be filled with liquids, which can either be displaced
by another liquid or by means of air if the pump is allowed to act anew
on the lower space. If for instance hot air or superheated steam is used
the cops are completely dried.
As by the above described arrangement it is possible to impregnate
the yarn cops uniformly with all liquids employed in the various
processes and to displace them again or to dry the cops, it is evident
that it is thereby possible to beautify the yarn in every possible way, to
dye, bleach, wash, and steam it.

page_text: The essential part of my Invention is that cops are impregnated by
means of perforated pipes (roses), which enable a communication of
liquids and air between two compartments separated by a perforated
bottom or by a system of pipes or compartments formed by double
bottoms. By this operation no waste takes place and the labour is
considerably reduced. All that is necessary is to set the cops on the
spindles, and these in the false bottom, and to leave them untouched until
the operation is completed; hence it is impossible that they should suffer
any damage. If the openings in the bottoms are widened so that they
present the form of the cops the cops can be set on the bottom without
resorting to hollow spindles. The said spindles may be made of
different materials; if they only resist the action of the liquids employed,
such as glass, burned clay, or india-rubber. For bleaching purposes they
may consist of lead or iron for dycing of wood, besides the preparation
of hot air or steam or liquids, and the like is adapted to the existing
local conditions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frank Wirth in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANK
WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Agency, of
Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Frank Wirth, Her special licence that I,
the said Frank Wirth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Frank Wirth, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND
APPARATUS FOR TREATING YARNS UPON COPS," a communication from Carl
Goehrung, a person resident at Stuttgart, in the Empire of Germany,

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frank Wirth,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frank Wirth, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing
forming a part of this Specification :—
I use a tank divided by a perforated bottom bin two compartments,
the lower of which c communicates with the upper onc d by means of
circular openings e, and with the outside of the tank by means of an
inflow pipe f and an outflow pipe g. The openings of the perforated
bottom serve to receive hollow spindles / on which the yarn cops i are
set up; this part of the spindle surface is perforated by means of small
round openings or slits like a strainer. The openings of the perforated
bottom being tightly closed by means of a cone k no communication
is possible between the aforesaid two compartments except by the
hollow spindles and the cops fixed thereon. In consequence thereof
a liquid poured in the upper part will have its outlet to the lower com-
partments through the cops and hollow spindles.
As long as the cops are in a dry state as they are coming from the
mule the yarn resists to a quick impregnation of the liquid; however
this resistance may be surmounted by a higher liquid column, or better
by withdrawing the air from the lower compartment by means of an air
pump, and thus forcing the air contained in the cops to follow. The
liquid contained in the upper compartment follows the downward
escaping air immediately and is discharged through the outlet pipe,
which is then to be opened. If this downwardly bent pipe is made of
sufficient length the weight of the liquid contained therein accelerates
the passing through the cops.
The liquid is forced inversely from the lower compartment to the
upper one, if conducted by the lengthened inlet pipe, from a highly
situated vessel to the lower compartment, and at the same time closing

page_text: the outflow pipe; the liquid then penetrates from the interior to the
outside of the drops.
If the liquid has all gone through the room between the yarn, layers
of the cops will now be filled with liquids which can be displaced by
another liquid or by means of air if the pump is put again to action on
the lower compartment. If, for instance hot air or superheated steam is
used, the cops will be completely dried.
As by the above described arrangement it is possible to penetrate and
impregnate the yarn cops uniformly with all liquids employed in the
various processes as well as to displace them again to wash and to dry
the cops, it is evident that it is thereby possible to refine the yarn by
means of all non-straining liquids to dye, bleach, wash, and steam it.
It has never been used as I know to dye yarns upon cops, whereas
bleaching of yarn cops has been tried by Banks and Grisdale, in Bolton,
with an apparatus by means of a vacuum, but, the process is deficient
as it is possible to withdraw perfectly the acids that have been used
before in bleaching.
The essential part of my Invention is that cops are impregnated by
means of perforated pipes in shape of spindles or tubes, which enable a
communication for liquids and air between two compartments separated
by a perforated bottom or by a system of perforated pipes, or by com-
partments formed by double bottoms. By this operation no waste takes
place and the labour is considerably reduced. All that is necessary is to
set the cops on the spindles, and these in the false bottom and to leave
them untouched until the operation is completed; hence it is impossible
that they should suffer any damage. The said hollow spindles may be
made of various materials, such as glass, burned clay, india-rubber, lead,
and the like. The remaining part of the dyeing or bleaching operation
has not at all to be altered by the use of this apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frank Wirth, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
FRANK WIRTH. (L.S.)