AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT TILES, PATENT FUEL, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS. PRODUCTS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Cruls, Manufacturer of Cement Tiles, of
Saint Josse Ten Noode, Suburb of the City of Brussels, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT TILES, PATENT FUEL, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS.
PRODUCTS."
Sealed the 5th March 1869, and dated the 10th September 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by the said Auguste Cruls at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th September 1868.
I, AUGUSTE CRULS, Manufacturer of Cement Tiles, of Saint Josse Ten
Noode, Suburb of the City of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PRESS
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT TILES, PATENT FUEL, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS
PRODUCTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain combinations of mechanism whereby
pressure such as is required in various branches of manufacture can be
obtained in a simple and effectual manner.

page_text: The frame of the machine consists of two upright portions, the top
being semicircular and pierced with a screw-threaded opening through
which the main screw passes. Motion is given to the latter by a hori-
zontal fly wheel placed at its upper extremity, the same having several
handles projecting downwards attached to it. The last-mentioned fly
wheel acts upon a smaller concentric one, on which are two or more
cams, which cams when brought in contact with similar cams formed
on the screw head produce, by the action of the larger fly wheel, a
succession of shocks, giving a greater amount of pressure than can be
obtained by a continuous action. The main screw is single threaded,
the lower portion thereof being square and passing through a socket
which acts as a guide, and is held in position by two cross pieces. The
bottom of the main screw is fixed to the compresser. At each corner of
the bed of the press is a hole, through which holes pass small upright
moveable columns. The columns rest upon a cross piece and carry the
mould. A screw, to which motion is given by a small fly wheel, raises
the mould to allow the tile or other article to be withdrawn, or lowers
it to be filled with fresh material. The mould may be so constructed as
to serve either for making a single tile or other article, or may be divided
into several compartments.
The action of the press is as follows:-The compressor is first raised
by the main screw; the mould is then raised, and the bed of the press
being quite clear one or more thin iron plates of a corresponding form, but
somewhat larger than the mould or moulds in use, is or are laid on the
bed. The mould is then lowered on to the plate or plates, which serve
as the bottom of the mould. The mould is next filled, and the com-
pressor, the under face of which corresponds with the mould, is brought
to bear on its contents by the action, first, of the large fly wheel, and,
secondly, by the action of the smaller fly wheel and the canis thercon
upon the cams on the screw head, thus producing a succession of strokes.
When sufficient pressure has been exerted the mould is first raised, the
pressure on its contents being maintained; the compressor is next
raised and the plate or plates withdrawn from the bed of the press,
bearing each a perfectly finished tile or other article, which is then con-
veyed on the same to the drying frames. It is important that the face
of the compressor should be perfectly smooth and polished in order
to secure a smooth and uniform face being given to the tiles or other
articles..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Auguste Cruls in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th March 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Auguste
CRULS, Manufacturer of Cement Tiles, of Saint Josse Ten Noode, Suburb
of the City of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Auguste Cruls, Her special licence that I,
the said Auguste Cruls, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Auguste Cruls, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,.
should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CEMENT TILES, PATENT FUEL, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PRODUCTS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Auguste Cruls,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Auguste Cruls, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the annexed Drawings, that
is to say :-
My said Invention consists in certain combinations of mechanism
whereby pressure such as is required in various branches of manufacture
can be obtained in a simple and effectual manner.
The frame of the machine consists of two upright portions, the top
being semicircular and pierced with a screw-threaded opening through
which the main screw passes. Motion is given to the latter by a hori

page_text: zontal fly wheel placed at its upper extremity, the same having several
handles projecting downwards attached to it. The last-mentioned fly
wheel acts upon a smaller concentric wheel on which are one or more
cams, which cams when brought in contact with similar cams formed
on the screw head produce, by the action of the larger fly wheel, a
succession of shocks, giving a greater amount of pressure than can be
obtained by a continuous action. The main screw is single threaded,
the lower portion thereof being square and passing through a socket
which acts as a guide, and is held in position by two cross pieces. The
bottom of the main screw is fixed to the compressor. At each corner
of the bed of the press is a hole, through which holes small upright
moveable columns pass. The columns rest upon a cross piece and carry
the mould. A screw, to which motion is given by a small fly wheel,
raises the mould to allow the tile or other article to be withdrawn, or
lowers it to be filled with fresh material. The mould may be so con-
structed as to serve either for making a single tile or other article, or
may be divided into several compartments.
The action of the press is as follows:-The compressor is first raised
by the main screw, the mould is then raised, and the bed of the press
being quite clear one or more thin iron plates of a corresponding form,
but somewhat larger than the mould or moulds in use, is or are laid on
the bed; the mould is then lowered on to the plate or plates which
serve as the bottom of the mould; the mould is next filled, and the
compressor, the under face of which corresponds with the mould, is
brought to bear on its contents by the action, first, of the large fly wheel,
and, secondly, by the action of the smaller fly wheel and the cams
thereon upon the cams on the screw head, thus producing a succession
of strokes. When sufficient pressure has been exerted the mould is first
raised, the pressure on its contents being maintained; the compressor is
next raised and the plate or plates withdrawn from the bed of the press,
each bearing a perfectly finished tile or other article, the same being
conveyed on the plate or plates to the drying frames. It is important
that the face of the compressor should be perfectly smooth and polished
in order to secure a smooth and uniform face being given to the tiles or
other articles.
It will be readily understood that it is by no means necessary that
the mould containing any material subjected to pressure should ascend
in order to deliver its contents; it may be arranged to descend without

page_text: altering the system, the vertical motion for clearing the mould being
maintained. The compressor is afterwards raised, the pressed product
is exposed, and the workman can remove the plate on which it rests.
It may be found desirable in some cases to lay on the plate a piece of
felt or other suitable material to absorb the air which otherwise becomes
compressed as the pressure increases, thus creating a resistance which
is objectionable.
I may here mention that the system of press embraced by my said
Invention is applicable not only to ceramic manufactures but also to
the manufacture of blocks of artificial fuel, soaps, and other articles
which require pressure.
The general arrangement and construction of the press herein-before
described will be understood by reference to the annexed Drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the press at the line G, H, in Figure 2,
A being the small upright moveable columns resting on the cross
piece C, and carrying the mould B. D is the screw actuated by the
small fly wheel E. Figure 2 is a transverse section at the line C, D, in
Figure 1; Figure 3 is a transverse section at the line A, B, in Figure 1;
and Figure 4 is an elevation of the press at the line E, F, in Figure 2.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would observe in
conclusion that what I consider novel and original and therefore claim
as constituting the Invention secured to me by the said herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is, the combination and arrangement of
parts and mechanism as and for the purposes herein-before described and
set forth, or any mere modifications thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Cruls, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.