IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC CRANES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France,
and 88, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
CRANES." A communication from Alfred Cavenaile, residing at Antwerp,
in the Kingdom of Belgium.
Sealed the 10th November 1865, and dated the 24th May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
24th May 1865.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Por-
chester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HYDRAULIC CRANES," communicated to me by Alfred Cavenaile, a person
residing at Antwerp, in the Kingdom of Belgium, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of the bydraulic pressure and the
screw, or the bydraulic pressure and the rack to raising weights. This
application is made as follows:-The piston rod of the hydraulic press is
elongated and provided with a rack in the one case, and in the other with a
screw thread. This rack or this screw acts on a system of toothed wheels or
a drum, around which the chain of the crane is rolled. The apparatus is set
in movement in the ordinary way, by pumping any suitable liquid under the

page_text: piston of the hydraulic press, which being raised acts on the drum or on the
toothed wheels, and thus winds up the chain and lifts the weight attached
to it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 24, Rue du
Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester Terrace,
Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her beirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, Her special licence that I, the said
Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should in any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC CRANES," a communication from
Alfred Cavenaile, a person residing at Antwerp, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This Invention consists in the application of the hydraulic pressure and the
screw, or the hydraulic pressure and the rack in raising weights. This

page_text: application is made as follows:-The piston rod of the bydraulic press is
elongated and provided with a rack in the one case, and in the other with a
screw thread. This rack or this screw acts on a system of toothed wheels or
a drum, around which the chain of the crane is rolled. The apparatus is set
in movement in the ordinary way, by pumping any suitable liquid under the
piston of the hydraulic press, which being raised acts on the drum or on the
toothed wheels, and thus winds up the chain and lifts the weight attached
to it.
The accompanying Drawings represent the two applications in question.
Fig. 1 is a crane provided with the rack arrangement; Fig. 2 a crane with
the screw arrangement; and Fig. 3 an apparatus which may replace the
hydraulic press.
The arrangement shown, Fig. 1, is based on a combination of the hydraulic
press with the rack. The piston C, C, is prolongated and provided at its
upper end outside the cylinder B with a rack P acting on a complete system
of toothed wheels, or on a single toothed wheel fixed on the axis of the drum K
which winds up the chain. The piston and its prolongation work upwards in
the cylinder B; this latter with its hollow prolongation A forming a cap O at
its base, in order to allow of renewing the stuffing; D serves as a pivot for the
crane, and as a bearing for the gearing frame and the arm.
Fig. 2, without gearing. This system results from the combination of the
hydraulic press and the screw. The prolongation of the piston C is a screw M,
whose worm forms an inclined plane at an angle varying from 20 to 45 degrees.
The piston in rising enters a nut L, which forces it to turn, and in its rotary
movement turns with it a drum K, which winds up the chain, and is provided
with a double projection S, which slides in a double groove formed the whole
length of the screw piston. The lower part of the screw is provided with a
stop spring worked by a lever, in order to cause the piston rod to descend in
the cylinder if, when no longer charged, it does not descend of itself.
In both these modifications the pivot B is placed in a reservoir F, in which
is formed a space G intended for containing the liquid which feeds the pump
II, water, alcohol, or petroleum oil, according to the localities, seasons, etc.
This reservoir is placed on a solid foundation K¹ for fixed cranes, and adjusted
to the platform for travelling cranes. The entire crane turns in the reservoir,
and in order to diminish the friction the latter is provided with a circular
groove, in which the rollers L adapted to the collar of the pivot B turn. The
pump II may be replaced by the apparatus represented, Fig. 3, which consists
of a cylinder N containing the liquid, which is forced into the cylinder by the
pressure of the piston R, which is provided with a screw rod T, having an

page_text: inclined plane at an angle of 1 or 2 degrees (that is to say, very slow), which
turns in a screw nut V by the action of the toothed wheels X moved by the
winch Z.
For fixed cranes the pump and the reservoir may be suppressed when it is
possible to obtain the pressure of a column of water elevated to a level above
that of the crane; for instance, when a system of distribution of water exists
in the locality, or else by placing a reservoir at a certain height proportionate
to the pressure required. This reservoir may be placed in the sheds, ware-
houses, etc., and thus be useful in case of fire. In this way it will suffice to
adapt to the injection tube a tap for regulating the introduction of liquid
in the cylinder of the press, as well as a second tap or a force pump for
discharging the cylinder and returning the water removed from the reservoir.
It is also to be remarked that when the use of the hydraulic press pump is
necessary, it will be suitable to use two or more pumps, so as to assure an
increased useful effect; the connecting rods of the pistons may then be
connected with a crank shaft, having an excentric motion equal to half the
stroke of these pistons. The useful effect of these pumps would then equal
that of one single pump.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into effect, I would have it understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise mechanical details above given, but what
I claim is, the application of the hydraulic pump and the rack or screw
as a means of lifting weights, in the manner substantially as above described
and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.S.)