AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR INSTANTANEOUSLY DISINFECTING FECAL AND MANURING MATTERS, IMPROVING THE SAME, AND ALSO RENDERING THEM FIT FOR FEEDING DOMESTIC ANIMALS
Year: 1867

page_text: 1
LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Tolhausen, of 149, Boulevart Magenta,
Paris, in the Empire of France, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR INSTANTANEOUSLY DISINFECTING
FECAL AND MANURING MATTERS, IMPROVING THE SAME, AND ALSO RENDERING
THEM FIT FOR FEEDING DOMESTIC ANIMALS."-A communication from Louis
Jean Baptiste Alphonse Lemoine and Antoine Marius Turrel, residing
at Paris, in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 3rd March 1868, and dated the 9th September 1867:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Tolhausen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th September 1867.
I,. FREDERICK TOLHAUSEN, of 149, Boulevart Magenta, Paris, in the
Empire of France, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR INSTANTANEOUSLY
DISINFECTING. FECAL AND MANURING MATTERS, IMPROVING THE SAME, AND ALSO
RENDERING THEM FIT FOR FEEDING DOMESTIC ANIMALS," to be as follows::
This Invention:relates to a process and apparatus for disinfecting instan-
taneously fecal matter and dejections of every description by mixing or
combining them as soon as produced with various disinfecting powders

page_text: consisting of mineral, animal, and vegatable substances, such as plaster,
rubbish, marl, chalk, phosphated marl, cinders, and small coal, shell marl, old
leather, peat, artificial guano, chloride of manganese, tan, coproliths, common
salt, varec salt, "ballard," salt soot, wood ashes (both lixiviated and raw),
humus, sweepings or street mud, oil cake of colza and of earth-nut, blue and
black sesame, copra, cabbage-tree, ricinus, beech nut, walnut, cotton seed,
stive, bolting dust of every description, malt cake, bran, bone black, thirds
(flour), bone black, meal, hydrochloric and pyrolignic acids, chloride of lime,
essence of petroleum, Peruvian Bahers and other guanos, burnt ashes from
soap and chemical works, burnt clay, charcoal powder, tar, sulphate of potash,
ashes of residue of olives, peat ashes, pyritous ashes both black and red,
dried blood and residue of slaughter houses, buck wheat, spoiled corn, nitrate
of soda and of potash. One or several of these substances having been reduced
into powder and properly amalgamated may further receive an addition of any
odoriferous ingredient in order to neutralize any effluvia that may still arise
from the fecal matter when mixed with the disinfecting powder. The fecal
matter is received in a box having covered apertures at the top and bottom,
and mounted on hinges so as to allow giving it an oscillating motion. Before
using the said box it is dusted over inside with the disinfecting powder, and after
using it some more powder may be thrown in, and the whole shaken by
giving an oscillatory motion to the box. The fecal matters having thus been
instantaneously disinfected are taken out through the bottom aperture at short
intervals, for instance, daily, and may be at once employed for manure on the
fields, or stored away in stacks ready for use, no further preparation being
required, and thus the waste of ammoniacal and other fertilizing matter
attending on the usual modes of treatment is done away with. By admixing
some farinaceous matter it may also be used for feeding live stock, such as
ducks, swine, and so forth. The fecal matter may also be dessicated in heaps
of a pyramidal form, and pulverized in order to facilitate its use. The box is so
constructed as to receive the liquid or urinal matter in a separate compart-
ment, from which it is drawn off and employed for various manuring purposes;
this urinal matter as obtained by this process may also be carried into a reservoir
containing pulverized plaster, peat, black ashes, Picardy red, dried and pulverized
clay, tan, soil, or any of the matters mentioned above, used either singly or in
combination. When the liquid matter has sufficiently penetrated the sold com-
pounds the residue is taken up and piled in.pyramids, which dry and harden in
the open air, and owing to their constitution and shape are not liable to be
penetrated or diluted by the rain ; thus l'obtain a very useful manure being a
urate, have a base of carbon and urea, which nitrifies and improves in courso

page_text: of time the components,used, viz., plaster, containing 35 per cent. of sulphuric
acid, ashes and coprolite,, phosphoric acid, peat, ulmic and pyroligneous
.acids..
(
V
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Tolhausen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICE
TOLHAUSEN, of 149, Boulevart Magenta, Paris, in the Empire of France
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Frederick Tolhausen, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick Tolhausen,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the, said
Frederick Tolhausen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS
AND APPARATUS FOR INSTANTANEOUSLY DISINFECTING FECAL AND MANURING MATTERS,
IMPROVING THE SAME, AND ALSO RENDERING THEM FIT FOR FEEDING DOMESTIC
ANIMALS,' a communication to him from Louis Jean Baptiste Alphonse
Lemoine and Antoine Marius Turrel, two persons resident at Paris, in the
Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Frederick Tolhausen, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Tolhausen, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to a process and apparatus for disinfecting instan-
taneously fecal and stercorous matter and dejections of every description by

page_text: ९
mixing or combining them as soon as produced with various disinfecting
powders, consisting of mineral and vegetable substances, such as plaster, rubbish,
marl, chalk, phosphated marl, cinders and small coal, shell marl, old leather,
peat, artificial guano, chloride of manganese, tan, coprolites, common salt,
varec salt, "ballard salt" (i. e., the residue of salt works, composed chiefly of
double bisulphate of potash, magnesia, and common salt or chloride of sodium),
soot, wood ashes (both lixiviated and raw), humus, sweepings or street mud,
oil cake of colza and of earth nut, blue and black sesame, copra, cabbage.
tree, ricinus, beechnut, walnut, cotton seed, stive, and bolting dust of every
description, malt cake, bran, bone black, thirds (flour); bone black meal,
bydrochloric and pyrolignic acids, chloride of lime, essence of petroleum,
Peruvian, Bakers, and other guanos, burnt ashes, from soap and chemical
works, burnt clay, charcoal powder, tar, sulphate of potash, ashes of residue
of olives, peat ashes, pyritous ashes, both black and red, dried blood and
residue of slaughterhouses, buckwheat, spoiled corn, nitrate of soda and of
'potash, and so forth. One or several of these substances having been reduced
into powder and properly amalgamated may further receive an addition of any
odoriferous ingredients in order to neutralize any effluvia that may still arise
from the fecal matter when mixed with the disinfecting powder. The fecal
matter is received in a box having covered apertures at the top and bottom
and mounted on binges, so as to allow giving it an oscillating motion; before
using the said box it is dusted over inside with the disinfecting powder, and
after using it some more powder may be thrown in, and the whole shaken by
given an oscillatory motion to the box. The fecal matters having thus been
instantaneously disinfected are taken out through the bottom aperture at short
intervals, for instance daily, and may be at once employed for manure on the
fields, or stored away in stacks ready for use, no further preparation being
required, and thus the waste of ammoniacal and other fertilizing matter
attending on the usual mode of treatment is done away with. By admixing
some farinaceous matter it may also be used for feeding live stock, such as
ducks, swine, and so forth. The fecal matter may also be desiccated in heaps
of a pyramidal form, and pulverized in order to facilitate its use. The box is
so constructed as to receive the liquid or urinal matter in a separate compart-
ment, from which it is drawn off and employed for various manuring purposes;
this urinal matter, as obtained by this process or any other may also be
carried into à reservoir containing pulverized plaster, peat, black ashes,
Picardy red (which is a kind of pyritous carburet), dried and pulverized clay,
tan, soil, or any of the matters mentioned above, used either singly or in
combination. When the liquid matter has sufficiently penetrated the solid

page_text: 'compounds the residue is taken up and piled in pyramids, which dry-and
harden in the open air, and owing to their constitution and shape are not
liable to be penetrated or diluted by the rain. Thus we obtain a very, useful
manure, being a uraté, having a base of carbon and urea, which nitrifies and
improves in course of time the components, used, videlicet, plaster containing
35 5 per cent. of sulphuric acid, ashes and coprolith, phosphoric acid, peat, ulmic
and pyroligneous acids, and so forth.
In order to elucidate the manner in which this Invention or part of..it is
or may be carried into practical effect, I have on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings represented divers arrangements of the box or seat for receiving and
disinfecting the stercorous matter. This box may be constructed of various
shapes, and the amalgamation of the fecal with the disinfecting matters
obtained by different means, either by setting the box to oscillate, or by
placing an agitator inside, which may be moved from outside by various
mechanical means..
3. t.
: .
The following figures are intended to illustrate some of the arrangements
that may be employed.
Fig. 1 is a front view of an oscillating box; Fig. 2 is a cross section of the
same, the top lid being removed; Fig. 3, plan a is the body of the box,
which is hung on the pillars 6, b, by means of brackets.c, c, and handles d, d,
allowing it to oscillate backwards and forwards, and to be removed and carried
to and fro easily for the purpose of emptying the same. The bottom of the
box a is round or partly cylindrical, so as to facilitate shaking the matters
together; when it is not required to shake or swing it the box may be held
steady by means of a catch or by a prop inserted between the bottom and
the flooring. e is the receptacle for the urinal matter, which may be drawn
off by the water-tight door f or by a cock g, as shewn at Fig. 4. The
'amalgama of fecal and disinfecting matter is evacuated by opening the sliding
bottom ΟΙ drawer 9, 9, instead of which a hinged bottom h, Fig. 4, may also
O be used. i is a receptacle for containing or storing the disinfecting matter,
and may be placed in any suitable position (as on the Drawing) or outside
of the box a; for the former purpose the back part of the top of the
box is mounted on hinges, so as to allow ready access to the receptacle i.
The disinfecting matter is distributed over the fecal dejections, as herein-before
5 stated; or it may be fed in by a perforated drum, shewn at Fig. 12 in front
view, and Fig. 13 in cross section. is an inclined plate slotted at an angle,
on which the disinfecting powder drops as the drum k is set to rotate by means
of the handle m, and is thus uniformly distributed over the bottom of the
box.
.

page_text: Fig. 5 is. a longitudinal elevation of an agitator or beater n with spikes o for
operating the amalgamation. This agitator is set at or near the bottom of the
box a, as shewn in cross section, Fig. 6;. it is set in motion by means of a
pinion p keyed on the beater shaft and a rack 9 (Fig. 7), which may either be
moveable, so as to be operated by hand.. Or the said rack may be made a
fixture, and in that case the box a is supported on one or more carriage
springs r (Fig. 8) or on coiled springs at the four corners of the box a (as
.shewn at Fig. 10), so that by the weight of the person sitting on the box and
causing the same to. descend the pinion p gearing into the rack q is set to
rotate, and the amalgamation produced in a self-acting way. The same effect
of course will be produced,, but in a contrary direction, upon the person
leaving the seat, when the springs will raise the box. a into its former
position.
Fig. 9.shews a double rack t, u, in its midway position with regard to the
pinion p (and consequently the box a); the two racks t, u, gearing alternately
into the pinion p will impart to. the same a double reciprocating motion
during the up and down traverse.
Fig. 11 shews, in front view an arrangement in which the springs r, s, are
dispensed with and the agitator is set in motion. by hand by means of the
handle v, shaft w, and bevel gear x, y..
In all the arrangements described. the box a has, to be provided with proper
handles for allowing it to be easily removed for the purpose of emptying.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick. Tolhausen, 'have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
F. TULHAUSEN. (L.S.)