matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN PARTS OF MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Platt and Edmund Hartley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 30th August 1858.
We, JOHN PLATT, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, and EDMUND HARTLEY, of the same Place, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN
PARTS OF MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the top rollers of drawing rollers used in machines
for preparing and spinning, and consists in an improved mode of constructing
such top rollers.
In performing our Invention, we make use of loose bushes fitting on a
parallel spindle, which has a collar at one end and a loose nut or bush at the
other. These bushes, and the collar and nut above referred to, support the
bosses, which are covered with flannel and leather in the ordinary manner, and
prevent them moving laterally. The weight hooks or saddles bear upon the
loose bushes, or the weight hooks may be made with an eye and a collar at
each side to support the bosses. The loose bushes and the collar and nut may
be either parallel or conical where they enter the ends of the bosses, and a

page_text: space is left between the spindle and the inside of the boss to reduce friction
and to allow the lubricating material to circulate.
By means of these improvements, the spindle may be extended to the length
of the machine or any part thereof, the bosses and bushes or weight hooks
being placed thereon alternately.
AN IM- PROVED MANUFACTURE OF TUBULAR IRON, APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF WHIPPLE-TREES AND TO OTHER USES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Colborne Cambridge at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th November 1858.
I, WILLIAM COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE, of Bristol, Agricultural Implement
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED MANUFACTURE OF TUBULAR IRON, APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF
WHIPPLE-TREES AND TO OTHER USES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel manufacture of iron bar or rod, having the
property of the tube and the solid bar combined, whereby great strength with
lightness is obtained. To this end I form a tube of any given diameter, and
cause to project radially therefrom a rib or flange for the whole or any portion
of the length of the tube. This flange may be pierced with bolt holes to
permit of hooks or other means of attachment being secured thereto, when,
for example, the tubular bar is applied to the purpose of a whipple-tree.
It will be obvious that this novel construction of bar or rod will be appli-
cable to a variety of uses where the combination of great resisting powers
and lightness are required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM GENERATORS APPLICABLE TO MARINE, LOCOMOTIVE, AND ALL OTHER USES WHERE STEAM IS APPLIED AS THE MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Vincent Lee at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th May.
1858.
I, THOMAS VINCENT LEE, of Thames Chambers, York Buildings, Adelphi,
in tho County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM
GENERATORS APPLICABLE TO MARINE, LOCOMOTIVE, AND ALL OTHER USES WHERE
STEAM IS APPLIED AS THE MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in steam generators is described in its
leading features thus:-Instead of any of the methods now employed, I
construct the generator in two compartments, and through the under portion,
which alone receives the direct or sensible action of the fire, are a series of
passages leading to a chamber or series of chambers, in which a coil or
series of coils connected together is or are placed. The heat and gasses
passing through the passages, after acting on the under surface, heats the
coil or coils, and is fully utilized before leaving the chamber by branch flues.
leading to the main flue or "take up," within the base of which is a chest to
which the termination of the coil is connected; branches from this chest are
furnished with suitable valves, cocks, &c. The steam generated in the under
compartment is passed through the coil to the upper compartment, which is

page_text: fitted in its interior with suitable piping, a portion of which is perforated for
the equal diffusion of the superheated steam or hydro-caloric throughout the
water; suitable valves are placed on each compartment of the generator.
Steam for power is taken from a chest upon the upper portion, and when
required, a jet of hydro-caloric is taken to the cylinders of the engines from
the chest within the "take up." The generator may be made of any shape;
for marine uses I prefer the globular. The different adaptations of the prin-
ciple to marine, locomotive, and other engines will be fully in the Drawings
and Complete Specification.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FREEING SCREW PROPELLERS FROM WRECK OR GEAR WITH WHICH THEY MAY BECOME ENTANGLED
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Howard Douglas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st July
1858.
I, HOWARD DOUGLAS, Bart., of Green Street, Grosvenor Square, in the
County of Middlesex, General, H.M.S., do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FREEING SCREW PROPELLERS FROM WRECK
OR GEAR WITH WHICH THEY MAY BECOME ENTANGLED," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in enabling screw propellers to clear themselves by a
self-acting contrivance, of any ropes, cables, or any wreck or other matters that
may hitch upon their blades. These obstructions being immediately drawn to
the root of the blades are wound up on the boss and accumulate, or are of
such a nature as ultimately to disable the screw, or it may be derange the
driving machinery, if the engine be not immediately stopped. For this pur-
pose I apply a strong and sharp steel cutter firmly fixed to the frame or other
part in which the screw revolves, in such position that any rope or cable or
other gear that has hitched on or become entangled with the screw will be
drawn by the rotation thereof underneath and along the edge of the fixed cutter.
The cutter thus acting by the power of the engine severs the parts of rope or
other wreck or gear entangled with and wound up by the screw, and thereby
frees it, and prevents injury resulting to the screw or the driving machinery.
THE MANUFACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR COATING, CEMENTING, BEDDING, AND OTHERWISE PROTECTING BODIES, AND WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OR FORMATION OF VARIOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Parker at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd March
1858.
I, BENJAMIN PARKER, of Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex,
Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE
MANUFACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR COATING, CEMENTING, BEDDING, AND OTHERWISE
PROTECTING BODIES, AND WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OR
FORMATION OF VARIOUS ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the mixture of certain materials hereafter men-
tioned, or their chemical equivalents, compounded in the manner and pro-
portions stated hereafter, when required for the purposes set forth, and
as an illustration of the use of this Invention as a new elastic combination of
materials for, coating, cementing, bedding, and protecting bodies, and for
the manufacture of various articles to which it may be suitable, for
most of which purposes the following composition will be found the best
suited.
For the purpose of making one hundredweight of elastic composition I take
the following:

page_text: Making in the whole
Allowing for waste
Leaves
-
118 lbs.
6 lbs.
112 lbs.
but these proportions or weights will be varied according to the uses to which
the composition may be applied.
The treatment which these materials undergo is generally as follows:-The
chalk, or its equivalent, having been ground, is mixed with the solution
formed by the india-rubber and the solvent or other fluid or semi-fluid; part
of the mixture and the flax or other material is introduced after the mixture
has been triturated by mechanical means, and the mass of composition thus
produced having been worked up to the consistency suited for the purpose, it
may be passed between rollers or other mechanical means and formed into
sheets, or be pressed into moulds, or coated on to or spread over and pressed
in perfect contact with the surface to be protected; after which the material
is hardened by being submitted to the action of steam of a sufficiently high
temperature, within a suitably constructed chamber, and which hardening
process is further aided by the assistance of sulphuric, muriatic, or any other
suitable acid applied in conjunction therewith in any suitable manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julien Desiré Briet at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th March
1858.
I, JULIEN DESIRE BRIET, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES
FOR SMOKING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application to pipes of all kinds of an inner
bowl which is either removable or fixed, in which bowl the tobacco or other
substance to be smoked is placed. A small aperture at the bottom of the
inner bowl communicates with the outer bowl, the aperture leading to the pipe
stem being in the side of the outer bowl, and some distance above the aperture
in the inner bowl, so that no injurious deposit can be drawn into the mouth of
the smoker, the outer bowl retaining the essential oil, which may be cleaned
therefrom at any time. It is obvious that these bowls may be of any suitable
material, and may be applied to pipes of all kinds. They are equally applicable
to the table, intended to be smoked by two or more persons simultaneously.
Another mode of carrying out the object of this Invention consists in

page_text: adapting to the lower extremity of the outer reservoir when the internal
bowl is fixed, a plug or stopper of any suitable material, which may be drawn
out at pleasure, thereby allowing the pipe to be cleansed from the essential oil
and other unpleasant matters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE FROM THE EXCRETA OF TOWNS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Finlay Oliphant Glassford,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd November 1858.
I, CHARLES FINLAY OLIPHANT GLASSFORD, of Greenwich, in the County of
Kent, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE FROM THE EXCRETA OF TOWNS,"
to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in applying sulphuric acid or other suitable acid
to neutralize the ammoniacal constituents of the collected excrementitious
matters of towns, and in afterwards evaporating; pressing, and mixing as may
be required the several products in any desired proportions to obtain different
qualities of the same. By preference I employ sulphuric acid, but it is
obvious that other acids are applicable for neutralization, and whenever too
much acid has been used, it may be neutralized by adding chalk or other like
cheap materials. I also introduce carbonaceous and other matters having a
deodorizing effect, and for assisting the settling of the solid matters from the liquid.
The evaporating may be conducted in flue boilers, employing the steam to heat
evaporating pans, and causing a continual flow to and from the boiler to take
place, as in similar processes of evaporating thick liquids, which process yields
crystalline and solid products. The precipitated material may have its fecal
matter solidified by pressing in presses of known construction, and the products
resulting therefrom may be mixed to obtain a manure having the properties
of guano, or in proportions for other varieties of manures possesing the
requisite inorganic constituents.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS & OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Randfield Tovell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
April 1858.
I, GEORGE RANDFIELD TOVELL, of Mistley, Essex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS
& OTHER VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to modes of constructing ships or other vessels in two
parts, thus enabling them when so connected to convey cargoes and passengers
safely from port to port or across the sea. When the vessel is separated by
means of suitable contrivances, with which it is provided, the cargo may be
conveyed up rivers or shallow waters without breaking bulk or discharging
cargo to the place of discharge. One of the modes which I adopt for this
purpose is the following:-The vessel is divided into two portions horizontally,
the upper portion being provided with a flat bottom; the rudder is also capable
of being separated into two portions, so that when divided the upper portion.
forms a flat-bottomed vessel, and the under portion may form another separate.
vessel, which may be used for purposes of navigation. The two parts of the
vessel are attached to each other by means of capstans, when the two parts
are separated two vessels are formed, the cargo not being disturbed, the upper
portion or vessel being furnished with a flat bottom, which will be found
suitable for shallow waters, thus conveying the cargo to its destination without

page_text: disturbance. I do not confine myself to this particular mode of separating a
vessel into two portions horizontally, as various modes may be adopted for this
purpose; but claim the separation of a vessel into two parts without discharging
her cargo, forming this vessel into two separate vessels, so as to be in a suitable
condition for drawing less water, and thus affording facilities for navigating
shallow rivers or waters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1858

page_text: 0000
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hanham Collyer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th'
April 1858. A communication from Martin Nixon, of Philadelphia, in
the United States of America.
I, ROBERT HANHAM COLLYER, of Marylebone, in the County of Middlesex,
M.D., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," a communication from Martin Nixon, of
Philadelphia, in the United States of America, residing abroad, to be as
follows:-
It consists in submitting straw while whole to a process of deglutenizing
and subsequent treatment. It is first subjected to the action of alkali, which
can, in my opinion, best be done by placing the material upon a raised
perforated floor of an open vessel or kier heated by steam, so that a descending
current of hot alkaline solution and an ascending volume of steam may at the
same time percolate through the mass, which, in consequence of its entirety, is
in a light and porous condition. Steam may be admitted for this purpose
through holes of a pipe resting on the bottom floor into the kier, and through a
pipe into a vertical central pipe, which is provided with a bonnet or other device
for distributing upon the top of the straw the hot alkaline solution. Treated
thus for about twelve hours its knotty portion will be effectually softened,
thus preventing, to a certain extent, the yellow pimples and specks, so often
present in straw paper. Not having been previously cut or bruised it will be

page_text: not reduced to a pulpy state, and the usual waste of the finer portions of fibre,
when the straw is previously cut up, is avoided, when subjected to the washings
and stirrings in the disintegrating process.
The alkali being run off after boiling, the material is transferred to the
ordinary rag engine, and operated upon until the water runs off clear; then,
or subsequently when reduced to fibre, sulphuric or other acid sufficient to
neutralize and remove the alkali still remaining attached to the straw is added,
say, about a pound of sulphuric acid to 100 pounds of the straw; this is well
mixed with the straw for a short time, usually about five minutes, and then
washed out. The roller of the rag engine then acts upon and opens the straw
into lint or fibre; while washing and when sufficiently reduced the bleaching
liquor is added, and the whole run down into the steeping chests, where it
remains about twenty-four hours; it can then be beat by itself or with other
materials.
By thus treating the straw in its whole state substantially as above described,
a larger yield, probably 25 per cent., more than has been produced heretofore,
and a superior material is obtained.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF CHAFF AND LITTER CUTTING MACHINE
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Francis Snowdon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
May 1858.
1. WILLIAM FRANCIS SNOWDON, of Longford, in the County of Gloucester,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF CHAFF AND LITTER CUTTING MACHINE," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to permit of chaff and litter or long stuff
being cut with equal facility by one and the same machine.
For this purpose
I somewhat modify my well known chaff-cutter, in which the pressing board
and the feed roller are alternately set in action by reason of their connection
with a reciprocating bar or lever, which receives an up and down motion from
the throw of a crank shaft..
This lever is jointed to lugs on the block that carries the feed roller, and
the pin of this joint forms its fulcrum. Pendent from this lever is a click
which takes into the teeth of a ratchet wheel on the axle of the feed roller,
and in proportion to the amount of movement imparted to this click is the
amount of axial motion given to the feed roller. It has, however, been found
impracticable to get by this means sufficient motion to produce the long feed
required for cutting litter; I therefore employ (as a means of removing the
click further from the centre of motion of its actuating lever) a second and

page_text: longer lever for carrying the click; projecting from the rear of the block which
forms the bearings for the feed roller is a bracket, to which is jointed a lever
that is connected at its other extremity with the forward end of the lever
before inentioned; and pendent from this second lever is the click which
works the ratchet wheel of the feed roller. This click will, as heretofore, be
capable of adjustment along its lever in order to regulate the feed to the
length of cut desired. It will now be understood that as the lever is worked
up and down by the throw of the crank, the click will by reason of its con-
nection with the long lever, have a greater lift than before, and therefore
rotates the feed roller to such an increased extent as will serve to feed up the
material to any required degree during the period that the presser board is in
a raised position. The forward movement of the material is facilitated by
the traverse of an endless cloth that passes over the bottom of the feed
trough.
A NEW AND IMPROVED MODE OF TREATING AIR AND GASES, AND APPLYING THE SAME FOR PURPOSES OF MOTIVE FORCE
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Dickson Archibald, of Rusland Hall, in the
County Palatine of Lancaster, England, at present at New York, United
States of America, Esquire, for the Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED
MODE OF TREATING AIR AND GASES, AND APPLYING THE SAME FOR PURPOSES
OF MOTIVE FORCE."-A communication from Henry Munro Paine, of
Worcester, Massachusetts, United States.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Dickson Archibald
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th May 1858.
I, CHARLES DICKSON ARCHIBALD, of Rusland Hall, in the County Palatine
of Lancaster, England, at present at New York, United States of America,
Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED MODE OF TREATING AIR AND GASES, AND APPLYING THE SAME FOR
PURPOSES OF MOTIVE FORCE," (communicated to me by the Inventor Henry
Munro Paine, of Worcester, Massachussetts, United States), to be as
follows:-
The object of the Invention is to lessen the diameter of the pump of caloric
engines by treating the air or other gas or gases in such a manner that its

page_text: volume will be greatly increased when in contact with heated surfaces over the
same quantity when worked in its normal condition.
The nature of my Invention consists in saturating air or gas with water to
its full capacity of retaining the fluid in a separate condition previous to its
contact with the heated surfaces.
AN IMPROVED ARRANGE- MENT OF PUNCHES AND DIES IN EYELET MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION 'left by Joseph James Lane at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st April
1858.
I, JOSEPH JAMES LANE, of Newgate Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ARRANGE-
MENT OF PUNCHES AND DIES IN EYELET MACHINES," to be as follows:-
In eyelet machines as at present constructed there is but one plunger made
to work into or upon a bed or matrix, consequently all the holes have to be
punched in the material to which the eyelets are to be fixed, and when the
holes have been made it is necessary to unscrew the punch or "nipple" from
the bottom of the plunger, and to screw on a die to replace it. The bed has
also to be removed, and a die corresponding to that in the plunger substituted.
Now, my Invention consists in arranging three or more series of punches and
closing dies round or in one block, as hereafter described. These punches
and dies are of the various sizes required, generally three sizes, and for con-
venience I prefer to use a circular block for carrying the punches and dies,
but I do not limit myself to a block of that form. In the present Speci-
fication I will proceed to describe a circular block fitted with three sets of
punches and dies. At equal distances apart I fix on the block a bed and
closing die alternately, there being in all three pairs of beds and dies, the first
pair being of one size, the second of a different size, and the third of another
size. A shaft rises from the centre of the block, and has formed on it two
projecting flanges, each flange being pierced with six holes, and the holes in

page_text: both flanges being in the same vertical plane. Through these holes in the
flanges six plungers are fitted, and there are coiled springs between the
flanges to keep the plungers raised; every alternate plunger terminates at
bottom in a punch and in a closing die. The plungers are made to cor-
respond with the beds and closing dies already referred to, and are made to
work in the same vertical plane with them, a punch and closing die being
made to descend upon a bed and closing die. The block carrying the beds,
dies, and plungers is placed upon the bed of an ordinary eyelet press, and has
formed thereon notches, into which a spring catch is made to enter to retain
the block in the required position. The plungers are made to descend and
punch the hole or close the eyelets by a rod or plunger worked by a lever.
When the holes have been punched, the block is moved until the spring catch
engages into the next notch thereon, when the closing dies will have been
brought under the action of the lever plunger, and the closing of the eyelets
can be effected. For different sized eyelets the block has simply to be turned,
and thus without unscrewing punches, dies, or nipples, and without recourse
to a different machine for different sized eyelets, all the operations required in
an eyelet machine are readily effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BLOCKS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWERS, DRAINS, AND ARCHES
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Taylor at the .Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th July
1858.
I, JOHN TAYLOR, of Roupell Park, Streatham Hill, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BLOCKS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWERS, DRAINS, AND ARCHES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of blocks
for the construction of sewers, drains, and arches; for these purposes blocks of
clay or brick earth or other suitable material are produced by moulding or by
expressing through moulding dies of the following form; the inner surface is
concave and of a curvature corresponding with the inner curvature of the
intended structure. The sides are inclined to correspond with the section of
the circle or curve it is intended to produce by a series of such blocks. The
outer surface of each moulded block is formed with a longitudinal rib by pre-
ference of a section agreeing with the sizes of bricks to be used therewith.
These moulded blocks should be made of clay or brick earth of the best
description, or of other material capable of producing hardness, and they may
if desired be glazed, and may when required have longitudinal passages formed
through them. In using such a block to produce a section of a sewer, whether

page_text: for an invert or otherwise, a mould such as is now employed is used; one of
the blocks is introduced therein, then the mould is filled in with bricks, and
cement is run in as heretofore. By these means the number and extent of
joints interior of a sewer or other structure will be greatly reduced.
A NEW AND USEFUL APPARATUS FOR COOLING AND PRESERVING AN EQUABLE AND LOW TEMPERATURE IN THE OIL, OR COMPOSITION, OR OTHER FLUID MIXTURE USED FOR THE PURPOSES OF TEMPERING, ANNEALING, OR HARDENING STEEL
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Perry Green Gardiner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
October 1858.
I, PERRY GREEN GARDINER, of the City, County, and State of New York,
in the United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW AND USEFUL APPARATUS FOR COOLING AND PRESERVING
AN EQUABLE AND LOW TEMPERATURE IN THE OIL, OR COMPOSITION, OR OTHER FLUID
MIXTURE USED FOR THE PURPOSES OF TEMPERING, ANNEALING, OR HARDENING STEEL,"
to be as follows:-
The apparatus consists principally of two large iron cylindrical tanks of the
same dimensions, and placed side by side at a short distance from each other
upon a platform, and in a suitable framing of timber. The two tanks are
connected by a tube or pipe near the bottom, and of sufficient size to allow
the fluid to run freely from one vessel into the other. Within each of these
tanks is placed a worm or coil of metal pipe, through which water is made to
circulate for the purpose of keeping the oil cool. A sufficient space is left at
the centre of the coils in the tanks for a well, in which the springs or metal
may be plunged and withdrawn without interfering with the coils. These
tanks have moveable covers which are perforated with small holes, and the
cover of one of them, which is the immersion tank, has a circular opening at
the centre large enough to admit the springs or pieces of steel with facility;
the small holes in the cover act as strainers for the oil from the springs or
pieces of steel placed upon them. Over and upon the central part of the other

page_text: tank there is a metallic cylindrical chamber, within which is placed a central
tube and a series of horizontal perforated discs. In connection with this
chamber is a pumping apparatus, whereby the heated oil is drawn from the
immersion tank through a suitable pipe and delivered on to the perforated
discs of the upper chamber, from which it descends in a shower, and is cooled
by currents of air. The cooled oil runs through the perforated cover of the
tank below into the said tank, and from thence into the immersion tank. A
perfect circulation of the oil is therefore kept up.
The manner of operating with the improved apparatus is as follows:-
The workman stands upon the cover of the immersion tank, and as the heated
springs or pieces of steel are brought from the heating oven, he plunges them
into the bath and withdraws them, placing them upon the cover, where the oil
drains from them and falls back into the reservoir.
By this apparatus and manner of operating it, a very large number of
springs or pieces of steel may be immersed in the bath throughout the day
without the bath becoming unduly heated, and without suspension of the
.work.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING FABRICS WHERE CROSS WEAVING IS EMPLOYED
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Milnes, of Sutton Mill, Cross Hills, near Leeds,
in the County of York, Overlooker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WEAVING FABRICS WHERE CROSS WEAVING IS EMPLOYED."
Sealed the 14th January 1859, and dated the 5th October
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Milnes, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th October
1858.
I, JOHN MILNES, of Sutton Mill, Cross Hills, near Leeds, in the County
of York, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING FABRICS WHERE CROSS WEAVING IS EMPLOYED," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in weaving fabrics where
cross weaving is employed. In the Specification of a Patent granted to
Edwin Heywood, of Glusburn, in the County of York, Foreman to Messrs.
Bairstow, of Sutton Mills, is described an Invention wherein part of the warp
threads are carried by blades, in order to facilitate the manufacture of fabrics
where cross weavings are employed. Now the present improvements consist
in combining the use of jacquard or perforated cards or chain of pins or pegs
with such descriptions of looms, in order that such looms may be caused to
work for any desired length of time to produce cross weavings, and then by

page_text: reason of the perforated cards or chain of pins or pegs to change the character
of weavings produced, and to continue the working of the loom for such
change of weavings for any desired length of time, then again to change back
to the weaving of cross weavings, and so on according to design, the per-
forated cards or pattern surfaces being suitably arranged to produce the extent
of cross weavings, and of other weaving which shall be produced in succession.
The "take up" of the looms is arranged in such manner that when the looms
are working to produce cross weavings, the speed of the "take up" shall be
greater than when making to produce other weavings, so that more picks of
weft may be thrown in when not making cross weavings. And such changes
in the "take up" come into action by the working of the looms at the times
when the classes of weavings are changed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FLOORS AND CEILINGS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Cheyne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th October
1858.
I, CHARLES CHEYNE, of Great George Street, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FLOORS AND CEILINGS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the construction of fire-proof floors and ceilings by
a new combination of iron and other materials.
For floors only, where no ceilings are needed, such as stores and warehouses,
I form my floors by iron girders with flanges, upon which are secured plates
of corrugated iron, galvanized or not according to circumstances. Upon these
plates I place a layer or layers of concrete, mortar, cement, or other like fire-
resisting material, in which are embedded rafters of wood to which the flooring
is connected.
For floors and ceilings I use perforated plates or stout wire cloth for the
purpose of carrying the material of which the ceiling is to be formed.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN PIPES FOR SMOKING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th December 1858.-A communication from P. F. Varenne, residing
at Paris.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PIPES FOR SMOKING," (communicated to me
by P. F. Varenne, residing at Paris,) to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent the essential oil of the tobacco
and nicotine from being drawn into the mouth of the smoker. The Invention
consists in fitting a chamber between the bowl and the mouthpiece, and in
placing tobacco therein to absorb the essential oil, also a piece of perforated
plate, wire gauze, net, or other suitable fabric between the tobacco in the
chamber and the mouthpiece, to prevent passage of any of the tobacco from
the chamber, and also to intercept any nicotine not absorbed by the tobacco.
The tobacco may be removed as often as requisite from the chamber, and
fresh tobacco inserted in its place. Instead of tobacco, sponge, or other
suitable porous and absorbent material may be used in the chamber.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING, PLANING, AND STAMPING COLD OR HEATED METALS
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christophe Tilliere at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th March
1858.
I, CHRISTOPHE TILLIERE, of Brussels, in Belgium, and 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Inven-
tion for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING, PLANING, AND
STAMPING COLD OR HEATED METALS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in constructing an improved machine for forging,
planing, punching, and stamping metals as follows:-
A vertical standard, fixed to a suitable bed plate, is formed with a recess or
guide, in which a slide works upwards and downwards. To this slide is fixed
the cutting tool or hammer, of any desired form. The hammer, cutting, or
other tool is raised by means of a single or double cam fixed to a shaft,
working in suitable bearings. To the shaft is keyed a fly wheel, and fast and
loose pulleys. The hammer, tool, punch, or die is made to descend by the
action of a spring of wood or steel. The anvil can have different forms,
according to the nature of the work to be done.
This machine may be placed on a frame of wood, stone, or iron, and adapted
to the ordinary anvil by means of bolts. The hammer may, if necessary, be
suspended by means of a lever, placed as circumstances require.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION, ADAPTATION, AND USE OF KNITTED FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Crichton and Matthew Whitehill, both of
Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain, Manufacturers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION, ADAPTATION, AND USE OF
KNITTED FABRICS."
Sealed the 1st April 1858, and dated the 5th February 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Crichton and
Matthew Whitehill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 5th February 1858.
We, ALEXANDER CRICHTON and MATTHEW WHITEHILL, both of Paisley, in
the County of Renfrew, North Britain, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION, ADAPTA-
TION, AND USE OF KNITTED FABRICS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the application, adaptation, and use of knitted goods
or fabrics which have hitherto been used for general "furniture " purposes,
and which are technically known by manufacturers as "tressel net fabrics,"
in, to, and for general garment or dress purposes. These knitted fabrics are
produced either from plain or ornamentally printed yarns in the "Nottingham
warp frame," or in any other conveniently available machine; and it is
intended by the present Invention to apply such fabrics for use as lady's dress
goods, as shawls, scarves, cloaks, and all the general purposes of garments and

page_text: dress. The yarns to be used in the manufacture of these knitted fabrics, as
applicable for garment purposes; may either be plain, unprinted, or dyed, but
it is preferred to use yarns ornamentally figured or printed upon cylinders,
with elongated figures or devices. By this. Invention highly ornamental
garment fabrics may be produced in a very convenient and effective way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOAKS FOR MILITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Davies at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th July
1858.
I, JOHN DAVIES, Serjeant-Major, Royal Military College, Sandhurst, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOAKS FOR
MILITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in cloaks for military and
other purposes, and consists in constructing them in the following manner, so
that each cloak may also serve as a tent for the soldier or other person who
carries it. The cloak is constructed of four similar pieces of fabric, each of a
triangular form, with two straight sides and a curved side; the two straight
sides enclose an angle somewhat less than a right angle. These different
pieces of the cloak are sewn the one to the other, the straight sides of one
piece being sewn to the similar straight sides of other pieces, but the seam
between the longer sides of two of the pieces is left unsewn, and is furnished
instead with buttons and button holes or other fastenings at the centre of the
cloak, from which all the seams radiate; a circular hole is cut to fit the neck
of the wearer. When it is worn as a cloak, the open seam is then at the front,
and may be buttoned up or left open as the wearer pleases, and at the two
sides it is looped up to give freedom to his arms. Round the opening for the
neck a hood is attached by buttons or other suitable fastenings; this hood is of

page_text: a conical form, and buttons up the front.
When the cloak is to be used as a
tent this hood is buttoned on to the cloak all round the hole for the neck, and
the hood is then slipped over the end of a musket (or a stick) which is then
set upright on the ground, and the edges of the cloak are fastened to the
ground all round. If it is a night tent that is required the musket is used
without the bayonet, or a stick of corresponding length is employed, and the
edges are fastened down to the ground by iron pegs passed through eyelet holes
round the edge of the cloak; the tent is entered at the opening in the side
which is afterwards buttoned up by the person inside. When an open or day
tent is required the musket is used with its bayonet, and the edges of the cloak
are attached by strings to the iron pegs.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hale at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June
1858.
I, GEORGE HALE, of Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, in the County of
Middlesex, Boot & Shoe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention of improved apparatus for obtaining motive power relates to
a mode of imparting motion and power to a horizontal shaft, by means of a
series of weighted levers mounted on centres arranged round the shaft to
which it is desired to impart motive power. On this shaft, but at a suitable
distance apart, are mounted two wheels, the arms of which support the
weighted levers which are mounted or suspended on pins or studs fixed in the
arms of the wheels. Any convenient number of weighted levers and arms
may be employed, and the levers are so arranged and mounted on their
centres, as that they can be steadily fixed on rests or supports outwards when
they are descending, so as to throw their weights towards the circumference of
the wheels, and by means of their gravity the weights will pull round the
wheels and their shaft on which they are keyed; but when the weights get
near the bottom they are kept back and forced more towards the main shaft,
where they are held by means of suitable catches which retain them in this

page_text: position until they reach near the top, when they release themselves and are
forced outwards, when they are received upon a plane upon which they are
made to run until they arrive at the circumference of the wheels, where they
are again received and bear their whole weight and influence upon the
descending side of the wheels without any foreign aid. Motive power thus
imparted to the shaft may be transmitted or communicated by means of
suitable gear, or any of the well-known contrivances, to any machinery that
requires to be driven.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING YARNS WHILE IN THE HANK
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Colin Mather, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING YARNS WHILE
IN THE HANK."
Sealed the 16th April 1859, and dated the 4th November 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Colin Mather at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1858.
I, COLIN MATHER, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING
YARNS WHILE IN THE HANK," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in drying yarns while in.the
hank. For these purposes numerous banks of yarn are made up into a con-
tinuous or endless chain, the hanks being suitably attached end to end, which
is conveniently done by using short rods of wood or other suitable material.
One or more hanks of yarn is or are placed on two rods, and the rods on which
the hanks are placed are held parallel to each other, or are attached at their
ends in pairs, by straps, loops, or otherwise, so that a continuous or endless
chain or band of hanks is produced, the hanks being end to end, and in this
form they are passed continuously through a stove, or over drying cylinders
or drying apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL PARCHMENT, AND CON- VERTING THE SAME INTO LEATHER
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Constantine Jennings at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
September 1858.
I, HENRY CONSTANTINE JENNINGS, of 8, Great Tower Street, in the City of
London, Practical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL PARCHMENT, AND CON-
VERTING THE SAME INTO LEATHER," to be as follows:-
I expose fish (the commonest or refuse sort), after the offal and skins are
removed, to the action of dilute solutions of soda ashes, crystallized soda of
commerce, or carbonate of potassa, after which to a solution of hydrochloric
acid. The mass is now to be well. pulped by the ordinary means, and well
washed over sieves to remove the bones and other matters. The pulp is now
to be drained or pressed, and is then to be saturated with a weak solution of
bichloride of mercury, after which the pulp is to be thoroughly washed to
remove any of the salts that have been employed, and it is now to be formed
into sheets by the ordinary means used by paper makers, and then rolled or
pressed to equalize the surface. To convert the parchment into leather, I use
solutions of oak bark, terra japonica, or any of the substances employed by
tanners. But for particular purposes, and to produce a more perfect article,
I employ solutions of ammoniated alumine or aluminated potassa, alum, and
muriate of soda, in equal parts, to which is added from two to three per centum

page_text: of nitric acid; and the sheets, after saturation in the above solution, are to be
immersed in a solution of dilute oxalic acid or hydrochloric, and then returned
to the alumina solution, and so on alternately until the gelatine and fibre is
rendered perfectly insoluble.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BOBBIN NET AND NETTED FABRICs
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George John Ping at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th February
1858.
I, GEORGE JOHN PING, of Chard, in the County of Somerset, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BOBBIN NET AND NETTED FABRICs," to
be, as follows-
My invention consists in certain new cuis of wheels, whereby bobbin net
can be produced with eight motions in lieu of twelve as heretofore, and
whereby "Brussels" or "three twist" fabrics can be produced with sixteen
in lieu of twenty motions as heretofore.
In the annexed Drawings, Figure 1 represents the cut of wheel on the front
guide bar, and Figure 2 that on the back guide bar. Figure 3 shews the
ordinary comb bar wheel used in combination with the wheels, Figures and
2, for producing bobbin net and other like fabrics; Figure 4 represents the
cut of wheel on the back guide bar; Figure 5 that on the front guide har;
and Figure 6, the ordinary comb bar wheel used in combination with the
wheels Figures 4 and 5 for producing "Brussels" or "three twist" and other
like fabrics.