Improvements in Ventilators for Drain Traps and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators for Drain Traps and the like.
I, JOHN HUTCHISON, of 106, St. Vincent Lane, Glasgow, Mason, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
At present it is usual to make drain traps with a separate ventilating branch.
This mode of construction besides increasing the cost of the trap necessitates the
use of two surface covers.
My invention has for its object to provide a ventilator which can be fitted in
or on the ordinary access branch of the trap and which is so constructed as to
act not only as a ventilator but as an access opening and pit or box for dirt,
stones, etc.
The invention can be carried out in different ways.
Under one arrangement I form the ventilator in the shape of a round box,
preferably of cast iron, which has within it a second box or pipe. The shells
of the boxes form inner and outer cavities the same as before. At the bottom
of the outer box is an outer circumferential flange forming a sole or base and
at the bottom of the inner box is an inner circumferential fillet upon which the
seal or stopper is supported. The two shells are united at the bottom by means
of ribs and at the top by a flat flange having on its upper surface a raised margin
or rim which serves as a socket for the perforated cover plate. Round this socket
are four or other number of apertures for cleaning purposes and a little below
the socket, in the inner shell, are four or other number of ventilating apertures.
The perforated cover has, or may have, a solid margin corresponding in width
to its socket for the purpose of sealing the apertures in the socket. The whole
may be cast in one piece with the exception of the cover and the stopper.
If desired the inner box may be made in a separate piece and be removable,
in this case it would be provided with either a supporting flange or lugs at its
upper end or supporting projections or lugs at its lower end.
When fixing the ventilator in position the workman has simply to adjust the
pipe or pipes forming the air shaft of the trap so that the ventilator, when
placed within its faucet, shall be at the proper elevation for receiving the per-
forated surface cover to be placed over it. When the ventilator is fitted in
position the air current from the surface is made to pass through the outer
annular cavity and into the shaft below the stopper.
The box may be made square if so desired.
66
Under modification, if so desired, instead of having the catch-pit" at the
inside it may be at the outside in which case it forms an annular cavity round
the outside of the ventilator. The ventilator would have a surface cover pro-
vided with perforations near its edge and over the annular cavity. Communi-
cating passages would, as before, be made between the inner shell of the cavity
and the interior of the ventilator.

page_text: The ventilator is applicable for all kinds of house drain pipes.
The ventilator may be made square or oblong if so desired.
Dated this 26th day of January 1898.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
Improvements in Ventilators for Drain Traps and the like.
I, JOHN HUTCHISON, of 106, St. Vincent Lane, Glasgow, Mason, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
At present it is usual to make drain traps with a separate ventilating branch.
This mode of construction besides increasing the cost of the trap necessitates the
use of two surface covers.
My invention has for its object to provide a ventilator which can be fitted in
or on the ordinary ventilating or access branch of the trap and which is so con-
structed as to serve not only as a ventilator but also as an access opening and
as a catch pit ar box for dirt, stones, etc.
The invention can be carried out in different ways.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have here-
unto appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 a plan of one form of the ventilator.
Fig. 3 is a plan and Fig. 4 a vertical section of another form of the ventilator.
Fig. 5 is a plan and Fig. 6 a vertical section of a third form of the ventilator.
In carrying out my invention, under the arrangement shown at Figs. 1 and 2,
I form the ventilator in the shape of a round box a, preferably of cast iron,
which has within it a second box or pipe b. The shells of the boxes which form
At the
inner and outer cavities c, d, are secured together by ribs or webs e.
bottom of the outer box is an outer circumferential flange f forming a sole or
base and at the bottom of the inner box is an inner circumferential fillet g upon
which a removable seal or stopper h is supported. As will be seen the outer
shell a is made with a depending rim f' which fits, spigot wise, into the faucet
end of the drain pipe 7. The raised rim i constitutes a socket for the reception
of the perforated cover plate j. m are the perforations in the cover plate. Four
or other number of ventilating apertures & are made in the inner shell just below
the top thereof. The perforated cover ; has a solid margin jl corresponding in
width to the width of the annular spaced between the two shells for the purpose
of sealing that space and preventing persons pushing sticks, etc., therein. The
whole may be cast in one piece with the exception of the cover and the stopper.
With this arrangement the inner cavity e constitutes a chamber for the collec-
tion of dirt, stones, etc., which can, whenever necessary, be casily removed by
taking off the cover j. By removing the stopper h access to the branch
the trap is given.
of
When fixing the ventilator in position the workman has simply to adjust the
pipe or pipes forming the air shaft of the trap so that the ventilator, when the
rim fis placed within the faucet end of the drain pipe, shall be at the proper
elevation for receiving the perforated surface cover to be placed on it. When
the ventilator is fitted in position the air current from the surface passes through
the openings and outer annular cavity into the pipe below the stopper.

page_text: In the arrangement shown at Figs. 3 and 4 the "catchpit" instead of being
at the inside is at the outside. The inner shell b, which is connected to the
outer shell a, by means of the webs e, has a depending rim f' which fits, spigot
wise, into the drain pipe . The inner shell is also provided with an external
flange which rests upon the upper edge of the pipe 7. As will be seen the
inner shell b is carried up nearly to the bottom of the cover j. The catch pit
is constituted by the annular space between the shells a, b, and the annular
cavity o around the outside of the upper end of the pipe 7. This cavity can be
formed by brickwork 9 or by fitting a pipe of larger diameter concentrically
without the pipe 1. The cover j is perforated, at m, all round, near its edge,
and above the annular cavity but its central part, over the mouth of the venti-
lating shaft, is solid so as to prevent the insertion of sticks, wires, etc., in the
drain.
In the case of drain pipes of small diameter the inner rim f' may be dispensed
with and an outer rim be made one with the flange b', as indicated in dotted
lines at Fig. 4. This rim f2 can be fitted, faucet wise, upon the outside of the
drain pipe. In this case the inner surface of the shell would, preferably, be
arranged flush with the inner surface of the drain pipe so that the opening of
the latter would not be restricted.
In the arrangement shown at Figs. 5 and 6 the ventilator is made of oblong
shape with the inner shell b at one end. In this case the catch pit o is at the
one side and the perforations m in the cover are also at one side and over the
catch pit. The part of the cover over the mouth of the pipe is solid so as to
prevent children and others inserting sticks, etc., therein. The inner shell or
pipe b is connected with the outer shell or wall a by two webs e. As before the
inner shell is provided with an inner (or an outer) depending fillet or rim fi
which fits the drain pipe 1.
The ventilator is applicable for all kinds of house drain pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. The construction or arrangement and combination of parts of the ventilator
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at Figs. 1 and 2 and under
modifications at Figs. 3 & 4, and 5 & 6 of the drawings annexed.
2. A ventilator having an inner and an outer shell, the inner shell being
circular and capable of fitting, spigot (or faucet) wise, upon the drain pipe
whilst the space between the shells serves as a catch pit, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 5th day of October 1898.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
100, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.