CERTAIN MACHINERY, INVENTED BY THE SAID EDMUND CARTWRIGHT, FOR DRESSING, HECKLING, COMBING, AND PREPARING HEMP, FLAX, WOOL, HAIR, SILE, AND COTTON
Year: 1790

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, the Reverend
EDMUND CARTWRIGHT, late of Doncaster, in the County of York, but now of
Elsham, in the County of Lincoln, Clerk, Master of Arts, sendeth greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing dateat Westminster, the
Twenty-seventh day of April, now last past, hath given and granted unto the
said Edmund Cartwright, by the name and addition of Edmund Cartwright,
of Doncaster, in the County of York, Clerk, Master of Arts, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, to make and vend "CERTAIN MACHINERY, INVENTED BY THE SAID
EDMUND CARTWRIGHT, FOR DRESSING, HECKLING, COMBING, AND PREPARING HEMP,
FLAX, WOOL, HAIR, SILE, AND COTTON, within that part of Great Britain called
England,His Majesty's Dominionof Wales,and Townof Berwick-upon-Tweed,
for the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent, and to
have and enjoy the full benefit and sole use and exercise of the said Invention
during the termaforesaid,subject neverthelesstoa provisoorcondition in the said
Letters Patent contained, that if the said Edmund Cartwright should not parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of his said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under his
hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in the High Court of Chancery

page_text: within one calendar month next ensuing the date of the said Letters Patent,
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and be void.
NOW KNOW YE, that the said Edmund Cartwright, in compliance with
and performance of the condition of the said Letters Patent, doth by this
Instrument in writing, under his hand and seal, particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of his said Invention, and the manner in which the same
is to be performed, as well by the figures or delineations of machinery con-
tained in the schedule hereunto annexed, as by the description or explanation
thereof, herein-after also set forth, that is to say:-
Figure 1, the dressing machine; A, the stock; B, the swingle hands-
Figure 2, the combing machine; A, the lashing frame, revolving with a quick
motion; a, a, the delivering rollers; b, the spole round which the wool is
wound; c, a calendar roller; d, the cloth roller; e, a face wheel, receiving
motion from a dead wheel (see Figure 8, letter x) which is fast upon the
frame that supports the nxis of the lashing frame. and within which the axis of
the lashing frame revolves. a shaft, the axis of the wheel e communicating
motion by means of a worm or wheel to the delivering rollers. Note, the spole
is filled by the material to be combed or heckled being wound in at the front
of the delivering rollers between two cloths, for which purpose the shaft, and
the wheel upon the calendar roller are thrown out of gear, and the rollers are
turned by hand; B the circular comb or heckle table, revolving with a slow
motion towards the crank comb; 9, a comb working by a crank; h, the
smoothing pully for laying the hairless in a strait direction; i, i, the drawing
rollers;, k, the conducting rollers; 4, the fluc of a stove which the teeth of
the comb rub against, for the purpose of keeping them hot. Figure 3, section
of the delivering rollers, calendar roller, cloth roller, and spole, when full.
Figure 4, ditto with the spolo empty. a, a, the delivering rollers; b, the spole
having a wheel upon its axis; c, the calendar roller, having a wheel upon it's
axis, and receiving a motion from the wheel upon theaxis of the spole; dithe
cloth roller held to the calendar roller by a spring. Note, the spole, in
giving out the material, receives its motion from the delivering rollers by
means of the cloths, which motion being communicated to the calendar roller,
the calendar roller winds up the cloths as they are delivered out upon the
cloth roller; and that the cloths may always be kept tight, the roller that
receives them is constructed upon the principle of the common spring window
blinds. Figure 5, the preparing machine. m, m, the delivering rollers;
", n, the receiving rollers; o, o, rollers bearing so lightly against each other as

page_text: that the material may draw through them, receiving their motion by means
of straps either from the delivering or receiving rollers, between which straps
the material passes; p, a trough containing size or any other liquid for
moistening the under delivering roller, as the material is delivered down to
the spindle. Note, when the under roller, either of the delivering or re-
ceiving pair of rollers is of sufficient dimensions for a strap to bear upon it; one
strap only is used, receiving its motion from au upper roller, as in Figures 6
and 7. Figure 8, the frame of the combing machine, shewing the direction of
theshafts and the coinmunication of motion. A, the axis of the lashing frame;
B,a perpendicular shaft conveying motion from A to C; C, a horizontal shaft
communicating motion to D; D, a horizontal shaft at right angles with C,
upon which is a worm, giving a slow motion to E; E, the axis of the comb or
heckle table; F, an horizontal shaft receiving motion from C, and conveying
it to G, the axis of one of the drawing rollers H. The axis is one of the
conducting rollers receiving motion from the horizontal shaft C.
mode of filling the spole by a single cloth. a, a, delivering rollers; b, the
rollers upon which the material is wound, receiving motion from a, a, by the
cloth (which is single) going round the upper delivering roller. The cloth
then returns, and is wound upon roller c, which receives its motion by a cord
and pully upon the end of the axis of the roller b. A roller, round which and
the lower delivering roller, a tight cloth perpetually revolving, conducts the
material forwards. N.B.-The roller 6 is moveable, that as it empties it
may be replaced. The cloth is fastened to the roller c by hooks, for the
convenience of setting it at liberty. Figure 10, section of the spole with a
single cloth.
Figure 9,
In witness whereof, the said Edmund Cartwright, hath hereunto set his
hand and seal, the Eighteenth day of May, in the thirtieth year of
the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of
God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, &c., and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred
and ninety.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the said Eighteenth day of May,
in the year above written, the aforesaid Edmund Cartwright came before
our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Act of Parliament in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the said Eighteenth day of May, in the year above mentioned.