AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR BRONZING, COLORING, AND ILLUMINATING CARDS AND PAPER OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO BRONZING OR COLORING WALL PAPERS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Siddons Grierson and Robert Philips, both
of Broughton Market, Edinburgh, North Britain, Engineers, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR BRONZING,
COLORING, AND ILLUMINATING CARDS AND PAPER OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, THE
SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO BRONZING OR COLORING WALL PAPERS."
Sealed the 22nd April 1870, and dated the 26th October 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Siddons Grierson
and Robert Philips at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th October 1869.
WO, JOHN SIDDONS GRIERSON and ROBERT PHILIPS, both of Broughton
Market, Edinburgh, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR Apparatus for
BRONZING, COLORING, AND ILLUMINATING CARDS AND PAPER OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

page_text: THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO BRONZING OR COLORING WALL PAPERS," to be as
follows:-
The object of our Invention is to provide an efficient means of
bronzing and coloring or decorating and illuminating cards, such as
visiting, trade, and other cards, all kinds or descriptions of paper, and
all other surfaces admitting of such action. This we effect in the manner
as herein-after described.
The sheet, card, or paper to be bronzed or colored, or otherwise
decorated or illuminated, being properly prepared by varnishing or other-
wise, is placed on or carried by suitable travelling devices to a feeding
table, where it is caught by grippers, and carried to and round upon a
revolving cylinder to be submitted to the action of the bronzing or
coloring rollers. After the sheet, card, or paper has been carried round
once by the revolving cylinder the bronzing or coloring is effected. It
is then carried round a second time, and during this second revolution
it is cleaned and finished, and the superfluous bronze or coloring matter
wiped off by a series of revolving cleaning rollers. The second revo-
lution of the cylinder likewise enables us to bronze or color heavy work,
such as wall papers, this description of work not having hitherto been
donc in an efficient manner. The finished sheet, card, or paper is then
delivered from the machine in the following manner:-Arriving at a
suitable point its edge or end is turned and caught by revolving brushes
(which move in a direction contrary to that of the cylinder and rollers),
and carried on to tapes or bands which receive a travelling motion from
suitably arranged rollers or pullics. The feed pan containing the bronze
or coloring matter is placed at the bottom of the machine, and in it is a
cylinder rotating step by step to lift the bronze or coloring matter on to
the rollers for applying the same. This cylinder and the rotating rollers
are covered by velvet, chamois skin, or other suitable material, so as
to readily take hold of and apply the bronze or coloring matter, this
arrangement permitting of the bronze or coloring matter being carried
and applied to the sheet, card, or paper by the revolving rollers without
any waste of material, as the superfluous bronze or coloring matter falls
from the rollers into the feed pan, where it mingles with the rest, and is
again ready for immediate and renewed use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Siddons Grierson and Robert Philips in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th April 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOHN
SIDDONS GRIERSON and ROBERT PHILIPS, both of Broughton Market,
Edinburgh, North Britain, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said John Siddons Grierson and Robert Philips,
Her special licence that we, the said John Siddons Grierson and Robert
Philips, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said John Siddons Grierson and Robert Philips, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Ax IMPROVED
MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR BRONZING, COLORING, AND ILLUMINATING CARDS AND
PAPER OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO BRONZING OR COLORING
WALL PAPERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
John Siddons Grierson and Robert Philips, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of our or their,
or one of their hands and soals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Siddons Grierson and Robert
Philips, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
Our said Invention has for its object to provide an efficient means of
bronzing and coloring or decorating and illuminating cards, such as
show cards and other cards, and all kinds and descriptions of paper.

page_text: And in order that our said Invention and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood we have hereunto appended a
Sheet of explanatory Drawings, to be herein-after referred to, and repre-
senting by way of example a modification of our improved apparatus
suitable for bronzing ordinary full-sized sheets of cardboard or paper.
Figure 1 on the Sheet of Drawings is a sectional side elevation, and
Figure 2 is a back clevation with the plate or door 1 at the back
supposed to be removed, and with the driving pulley 2 and clutch 3 in
section. The acting details are inside of a rectangular box 4 mounted
upon a stand or table 5, and having the gearing on the outside of it.
The stand 5 extends somewhat in front of the box 4, and supports a
slightly inclined feeding table 6, which projects into the box so as nearly
to touch a large revolving cylinder 7. The sheet to be bronzed, having
the intended devices previously printed on it with a suitable varnish or
adhesive substance in the ordinary way, is laid on the table 6 with the
printed side downwards, and is moved towards the cylinder 7 until its
inner edge is caught by a gripper 8, which holding the edge upon the
cylinder causes the sheet to be carried round upon the surface of the
cylinder. The gripper 8 is fixed on a spindle 9, and with it is contained
in a cavity formed along the cylinder at one part. The gripper spindle 9
is held in the end discs of the cylinder, and has on one end outside of
the disc a crank arm carrying an antifriction roller, as indicated by
dotted lines at 10. The gripper 8 has one or more springs 11 applied to
it to make it grip the edge of the sheet against the cylinder surface close
to the cavity, and it is made to open as the revolution of the cylinder
brings it round to the proper place for receiving or for releasing a sheet
by the action on the crank arm 10 of a guide or cam 12, indicated by
dotted lines in Figure 1. Each sheet is carried round twice by the
cylinder 6, the bronze or other colored powder being applied to it during
the first revolution, during which also the surplus powder is partially
removed. The removal of the surplus powder is completed by the second
revolution, during which no fresh powder is applied. The bronze or
other powder is contained in a trough or drawer 13, out of which it is
lifted by a roller 14 covered with flannel or other suitable material for
taking it up. This roller 11 is carried by weighted levers 15, indicated
by dotted lines Figure 1, and fixed on the end of a spindle. The
weighted levers tend to bear up the roller 14 against the sheet upon the
cylinder surface; they are however turned so as to lower the roller at

page_text: cach second revolution by the action on an antifriction roller carried by
one of them of a cam 16, indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1, which
cam is upon a wheel 17 gearing with one 18 of half its size upon the
spindle 19 of the cylinder 7. When the sheet has received the powder
from the roller 14 it passes on successively under a series of rollers 20,
which are covered with plush or similar material, and which gradually
remove the surplus powder, serving whilst doing so to equalise the
distribution of the powder over the printed parts. These rollers rest
against the cylinder 7 by their weight, their end spindles being set in
blocks placed loosely in inclined grooved guides formed in the sides of
the box 4. Another plush-covered roller 21 runs in contact with the
outer sides of the two upper ones of the series 20, but is turned in the
opposite direction to that of the motion that the rollers 20 receive from
the cylinder 7, in consequence of which it effectually cleans the powder
from those two rollers, enabling them to maintain an efficient cleaning
action upon the sheet that they operate upon. The powder removed by
the rollers 20, 21, falls back again down an inclined plane 22 into the
trough 13, whereby a considerable saving is effected. The roller 21 is
on the first motion shaft 23 of the machine, and this shaft drives the
cylinder by means of a pinion 24 on it, and gearing with a spur wheel 25
on the spindle 19 of the cylinder 7. The driving pulley 2 is loose on
the shaft 23, but drives it by means of conical clutch picces 26, which
are put into or out of gear by means of a forked lever not seen in the
Drawing, but which is acted upon by a lever on a vertical spindlo
having a handle 27 at its upper end. After the sheet leaves the cleaning
rollers 20 it passes on under a polished iron or steel roller 28, the end
spindles of which are guided loosely, so that it rests with its weight on
the cylinder, and it partially burnishes the sheet passing under it, or
at least condenses the bronzed or powdered parts. During the first
revolution the sheet is not released by the action of the cam or guide 12,
as this guide is hung on a pin, and is only made to act towards the end of
the second revolution by being then pushed inwards by a cam 29 on the
shaft of the wheel 17, which as already indicated revolves at only half
the speed of the cylinder 7. When the sheet is released by the gripper 8
it may be simply lifted away from the cylinder by hand, or it may be
carried away by a series of endless tapes, such as are indicated by dotted
lines at 30, and in that case one or more revolving brushes: may be applied
to cause the edge of the sheet to turn outwards from the cylinder 7,
or one or more more blades may be fixed on the gripper spindle 9

page_text: in a position to push the edge of the sheet away from the cylinder when
the gripper is opened, such blades retiring into small recesses when the
gripper is closed. When a continuous web such as a wall paper is to be
dealt with the gripper will be dispensed with, and the paper will be
passed through the machine continuously, the cylinder 7 being made
large enough for the application of as many cleaning rollers (20) as
may be required to effect the cleaning completely at one operation, or a
second cylinder being provided for the paper to pass round to receive the
action of the necessary number of cleaning rollers.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention, and the manner 1
in which the same is to be performed, we have to state that we do not
restrict ourselves to the precise details herein described or delineated;
but that what we believe to be novel and original, and claim as tho
Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is, the bronzing, coloring, and illuminating of cards and paper
by improved apparatus, substantially such as is herein-before described,
and more particularly the applying of the bronze or other powder from
beneath, and the cleaning by rollers acting on the side and upper part
of the cylinder.
In witness whereof, we, the said Jolin Siddons Grierson and Robert 2
Philips, have hcrcunto set our hands and scals, this Twenty-third
day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred
and seventy.