Improvements in and relating to the Embossing of Metals and other Materials.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 16th Nov., 1898-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Embossing of Metals and other
Materials.
I, THOMAS YOUNG, of the Alliance Steam Mills, Stoke Newington, in the
County of London, Stick Mounter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the embossing of articles of thin metal and other
materials, and more particularly to hollow, tubular, or cup-like articles such
as umbrella and stick mounts and the like, and it has for its object to produce
the said articles in such manner that a considerable economy will be effected
in their manufacture and at the same time the production of intricate designs
facilitated.
"
My invention comprises a peculiarly constructed mould or die provided
interiorly with a "sunk or intaglio design or special conformation, and it
consists likewise in the hereinafter described method of, and means for, operating
on a mount or other blank previously inserted within the said die or mould so
that the said blank shall receive the pattern of, or design sunk upon, the said
mould or die, and so that, after having been operated on, the said mount shall be
capable of being removed from the said mould.
or
According to my invention I provide a cylindrical, tapering or other con-
veniently shaped vessel or outer casing, furnished with removable radiating
division pieces, within which my improved die or mould is formed and retained.
For the purpose of forming the die or mould, the said outer casing with its
ribs may be placed within the boss of a suitable frame. A pattern or master
mount, which is made of a material that will withstand the temperature of the
fused metal of which the mould is to be formed, is placed upon a rod or tube,
having a taper collar secured by a set screw to a vertical screwed spindle sup-
ported by the said frame. The outer casing has suitable incisions into which
ears of the ribs drop so as to hold the latter temporarily in position while the
mould is being cast. These ribs may he single or they may be compound but
they are in either case of such form as to cause the mould to be divided by
radiating planes, but for the thin webs of metal between the edges of the ribs
and the pattern. In forming my improved die or mould the screwed spindle
is rotated by a hand wheel or other means until the pattern or master mount
and taper collar are centrally within the outer casing. Molten type metal or
other suitable material is poured into the outer casing, care being taken to
prevent the formation of blow-holes, to avoid which (if necessary) I may force
the metal into the mould as is done in type founding. After the mould has
been thus cast, the vertical spindle is raised, carrying with it the said rod or
tube, but the pattern or master mount and also the ribs will be retained within
the casing. The outer casing can then be removed from the boss of the frame
and the casting emptied therefrom. Next it is necessary to fracture the casting
in order to remove the master mount and ribs, and so that the mount blank to
be operated on may be inserted. This fracturing of the mould may be accom-

page_text: plished by giving blows upon a chisel or other suitable tool inserted at the points
occupied by the ribs. Owing to such ribs not coming into contact with the
pattern or master mount when the casting was effected the thin web's of metal
were left carrying the impression of the pattern or conformation desired, but the
same are not sufficiently strong to. resist the force of the said blows; consequently
the fractures occur at these points and if a suitable metal is used a clean break is
made without destroying the continuity of the pattern surface of the casting
and so that the parts may be accurately fitted together again when they are re-
assembled as hereinafter described, such wels either alone or with others forming
bearing points for the severed parts.
To use my improved die or mould, for the purpose of embossing a stick or
umbrella mount for example, I take the mount blank and envelop it with the
nicely-fitting fractured parts of the casting, the whole of which when fitted
together is replaced within the outer casing, which latter is then placed within a
taper or other hole formed in a block. This block is made in one with, or is
rigidly secured to, a horizontal bed or table supported by standards similar to a
lathe bed. At the other end of this bed is a stationary collar or bearing through
which a horizontal screw passes. At the one end of the screw means of rotation,
such as a fly wheel and crank handle, are provided whilst at its other end the
said screw supports a pressure-rod which in turn may be provided at its extremity
with a relatively rotatable plunger. Between the block and the bearing is a
saddle capable of being moved along the bed by means of a rack, pinion, and
handle or otherwise. This saddle is provided with a suitable clamp to retain a
tube the centre line of which is co-axial with those of the mould and the pressure
rod. The tube is of uniform diameter and may be provided with a conical
nose which is adapted to fit in, and fill, the entrance to the mould. A feature
of my invention consists in the employment of an elastic punch which when
driven within the mould and the mount blank and subjected to the requisite
pressure acts to force the mount or other blank into the countersunk or recessed
parts of the die or mould and thus to reproduce the pattern or conformation
carried by the latter in relief upon the mount. This elastic punch may consist
of a solid length of india rubber, circular in transverse section and a sliding fit
within the said tube. It may be loose in the tube or it may be attached to the
said plunger. The tube may be provided with a suitably located cup to contain
water or other lubricant to minimise the friction between the elastic punch and
the said tube upon the said plunger being thrust forward so that the said elastic
punch will be forced into the mount in which it exerts a pressure in all directions
pressing the walls of said mount into the counter sunk pattern of the mould.
The completely formed mount may be reached by removing the outer casing
and emptying thereout the parts of the mould which thereupon fall apart.
I have described a simple way of operating the elastic punch but obviously
other mechanism might be employed; in lieu of rotating the screw by a hand
wheel, suitable power gearing might be employed; other means might be used
for operating the movement of the saddle, or such saddle might be stationary
and the mould block movable; and the mould might be retained in position
by other means than those described: also other apparatus might be used in
lieu of that described for the purpose of forming the mould.
The mould might
be held upright and pressure applied in a vertical, instead of a horizontal, direc-
tion. The elastic punch might be formed of tubular rubber, in which case
it might consist of a conical ended: tube or teat and hydraulic or other pressure
might be applied internally, so that instead of compressing the rubber or elastic
material and so causing it to take into the pattern in the mould, the elastic
medium is expanded from the inside and thus forced into the said pattern.
Again, I might emboss flat or tray-like articles by using a flat counterpart of
the design desired to be produced as a die and applying pressure to the back
of the blank through the medium of an elastic platen which might be prevented
from lateral extension by suitable confining walls. Thus it will be seen that
3

page_text: in these and many other details my invention is capable of modification, and
consequently I do not confine myself to the details of construction Kerein given.
Dated this 17th day of February 1898.
A. F. SPOONER,
323, High Holborn, London, Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to the Embossing of Metals and other
Materials.
I, THOMAS YOUNG, of the Alliance Steam Mills, Stoke Newington, in the
County of London, Stick Mounter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
a
My invention relates to the embossing of articles of thin metal and other
materials, and more particularly to hollow, tubular, or cup-like articles such
as umbrella and stick mounts and the like though it is applicable for the pro-
duction of flat articles, and it has for its object to produce the said articles in
such manner that a considerable economy will be effected in their manufacture
and at the same time the production of intricate designs facilitated.
My invention comprises (for dealing with a cup-like or hollow article)
peculiarly-constructed mould or die provided interiorly with
"sunk
intaglio design, and (in the case of both cup-like and flat articles) the herein-
after described method of, and means for, operating on a mount or other blank
previously inserted (in the case of a hollow article) within the said die or mould
or (in the case of a flat article upon a suitable mould) so that the said blank
shall receive the pattern sunk upon the said mould or die, and so that, (in the
case of a cup-like article) after having been operated on, the said mount shall
be capable of being removed from the said mould.
In the accompanying drawings:-
--
રી
or
Figure 1 is an elevation of an apparatus made in accordance with my inven-
tion and adapted for the production of cup-like or hollow articles.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through some of the parts thereof illustrating
their operation,
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line a, a Figure 1 looking towards the
left hand side of the drawing.
Figure is a detail view.
Figure 5 shows a mould frame.
Figure 6 is a vertical section of the mould or die and its outer casing, immedi-
ately after the mould has been cast, and
Figure 7 is a plan thereof with the pattern support removed.
Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
According to my invention (when dealing with a hollow article) I provide a
cylindrical, tapering, or other conveniently shaped vessel or outer casing B',
furnished with removable radiating or division pieces G, G¹, within which my
improved die or mould is formed and retained. For the purpose of forming the
die or mould, the said outer casing B with its ribs G, GI may be placed within
the boss E of a suitable frame E. A pattern or master mount f, which is made
of a material that will withstand the temperature of the fused metal of which
the mould is to be formed, is placed upon a rod or tube e, having a taper
collar e, secured by a set-screw e to a vertical screwed spindle e supported by

page_text: the said frame E. The outer casing B1 has suitable incisions 63 (see Figure 2)
into which ears g (see Figures 6 and 7) of the ribs G, G₁ drop so as to hold
These ribs
the latter temporarily in position while the mould is being cast.
may be single as shown at G in Figure or they may be compound as shown
at G in Figure 7, but they are in either case of such form as to cause the mould
to be divided by radiating planes but for the thin webs of metal g and g²
between the edges of the ribs and the pattern. In forming my improved die
or mould the screwed spindle c is rotated by a hand wheel or other means until
the pattern or master mount f and taper collar el are centrally within the outer
casing B. Molten type metal or other suitable material is poured into the outer
casing B, care being taken to prevent the formation of blow-holes, to avoid
which (if necessary) I may force the metal into the mould as is done in type
founding. After the mould has been thus cast, the vertical spindle e is raised,
carrying with it the rod or tube ex, but the pattern or master mount f and also
the ribs G, G¹, will be retained within the casting. The outer casing B can
then be removed from the boss E of the frame E and the casting emptied there-
from. Next it is necessary to fracture the casting in order to remove the
pattern or master mount f and ribs G, G¹, and so that the mount blank b² to
be-operated on may be inserted as hereinafter described. This fracturing of the
mould may be accomplished by giving blows upon a chisel or other suitable tool
inserted at the points occupied by the rims G, G. Owing to such ribs not coming
into contact with the pattern or master mount f when the casting was effected,
the thin webs of metal g' were left carrying the impression of the pattern or
conformation desired, but the same are not sufficiently strong to resist the force
of the said blows; consequently the fractures occur at these points and if a
suitable metal is used a clean break is made without destroying the continuity
of the pattern surface of the casting and so that the parts may be accurately
fitted together again when they are re-assembled as hereinafter described, such
webs g¹, either alone or with those g², forming bearing points for the severed
parts.
To use my improved die or mould, for the purpose of embossing a stick or
umbrella mount or like hollow article, I take the mount blank 2 and envelop it
with the nicely-fitting fractured parts of the casting, the whole of which when
fitted together is replaced within the outer casing B', which latter is then placed
within a taper or other hole b (see Figure 2) formed in a block B. This block B
is made in one width, or is rigidly secured to, a horizontal bed or table A sup-
ported by standards A' similar to a lathe bed. At the other end of this bed A
is a stationary collar or bearing C through which a horizontal screw C passes.
At the one end of the screw Ci means of rotation, such as a fly wheel Û³ and
crank handle e, are provided whilst at its other end the said screw C supports
pressure rod which in turn may be provided at its extremity with a relatively
rotatable plunger as clearly shown in the detail Figure 4. Between the
block B and the bearing C is a saddle D capable of being moved along the bed A
by means of a rack pinion and handle or otherwise. This saddle is
provided with a suitable clamp to retain a tube d the centre line of which is
co-axial with those of the mould and the pressure rod c¹. The tube d is of
uniform diameter and may be provided with a conical nose which is adapted
to fit in and fill the entrance to the mould.
A feature of my invention consists in the employment of an elastic punch
such as the one which as illustrated in Figure 2 is a piece of india rubber
or other suitable clastic material or medium that serves, when driven within
the mould and the mount blank and subjected to the requisite pressure to force
the mount or other blank into the countersunk or recessed parts of the die or
mould and thus to reproduce the indentations, pattern or conformation carried
by the latter in relief upon the mount. Figure 2 shows the elastic punch as
being a solid length of india rubber, circular in transverse section and a sliding

page_text: fit within the tube d. The elastic punch may be loose in the tube as shown or
it may be attached to the said plunger . The drawings also shew the tube d
provided with a suitably-located cup to contain water or other lubricant to
minimise the friction between the elastic punch and the said tube as will be
presently understood.
The operation of the apparatus illustrated is as follows:-
To enable the mount blank 3, the mould, and its outer casing B1, to be
inserted in the block B, the rod c¹ is caused, by turning the fly wheel C³, to
retire from within the tube d to a distance sufficient to allow the saddle D, by
operating the handle, to move away from the block B. This having been
done and the parts replaced in their positions as seen in Figure 1 it will be
obvious that further forward movement of the rod c will force the elastic
punch into the mount 2 in which it exerts a pressure in all directions pressing
the walls of the said mount into the countersunk pattern of the mould. The
rotary motion of the screw C₁ is not communicated to the elastic punch owing
to the interposition of the relatively rotatable plunger whose rotation is stopped
as soon as it meets with the resistance of such elastic punch. The completely-
formed mount is then reached by again causing the various parts of the apparatus
to recede, removing the outer casing B and emptying thereout the parts of the
mould which thereupon fall apart.
I have illustrated a simple way of operating the elastic punch but obviously
other mechanism might be employed; in lieu of rotating the screw C¹ by a hand
wheel; suitable power gearing might be employed; other means might be used
for operating the movement of the saddle D, or such saddle might be stationary
and the mould block movable and the mould might be retained in position by
other means than those described; also other apparatus might be used in lieu of
that described with reference to Figure 5. The mould might be held upright
and pressure applied in a vertical, instead of a horizontal, direction. The elastic
punch might be formed of tubular rubber, in which case it might consist of a
conical-ended tube or teat and hydraulic or other pressure might be applied
internally, so that instead of compressing the rubber or elastic material and so
causing it to take into the pattern in the mould, the elastic medium is expended
from the inside and thus forced into the said pattern. Again, I might emboss
flat or tray-like articles by using a flat counterpart of the design desired to be
produced as a die and applying pressure to the back of the blank through the
medium of an elastic platen which might be prevented from lateral extension
by suitable confining walls. Thus it will be seen that in these and many other
details my invention is capable of modification, and consequently I do not confine
myself to the details of construction herein given, but,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The manufacture of a mould or die with a central depression or conforma-
tion carrying the impression of a pattern the said mould or die being fractured
or otherwise formed into interfitting parts such as 'b', and having webs g, g',
and g, and being held together by an outer casing B¹.
2. In the manufacture of a mould or die for forming or embossing a mount
or other hollow article, the dividing ribs G, G', serving to facilitate the sub-
sequent fracture of the mould substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The method of manufacture of a mould or die for forming or embossing a
mount or other hollow article consisting in pouring the molten metal into an
outer casing within which are dividing ribs and a pattern, the mould or die
being subsequently fractured to admit of the removal of the pattern and the
insertion of the mount to be operated on, substantially as set forth.
4. In apparatus for the manufacture of embossed hollow or other articles of
thin metal or other material, the combination with a mould and a metal blank

page_text: inserted therein, of an elastic punch serving to force the metal blank into the
indentations of the mould or die, substantially as set forth.
5. The combination, in an apparatus for the manufacture of embossed hollow
or other articles of thin metal, of a mould with a metal blank inserted therein
and an elastic punch applied to the interior or back of the metal blank and
means serving to put pressure upon the elastic punch and thus to force the
inetal blank into the indentations of the mould or die substantially as set forth.
6. In an apparatus for the manufacture of embossed hollow or other articles
of thin metal, or other material, the combination of a fractured mould or die
carrying the mount blank, an elastic punch serving to force the mount blank
into the mould or die, and a plunger operating the elastic punch.
7. In combination, in an apparatus for the manufacture of embossed hollow
or other articles of thin metal or other material, a table or bed, a block on said
table to hold the mould casing and its contents, a fractured mould, or die
a mount blank within said mould or die, a movable saddle, a tube carried
thereby, an elastic punch in said tube, a rotatable rod, a plunger secured thereto
serving to operate said elastic punch and means of operating said rotatable rod.
8. The method of, and means for, the embossing of metals and other materials
substantially as set forth and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 16th day of November 1898.
A. F. SPOONER,
323, High Holborn, London,
Agent for the Applicant.