IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREAT- MENT OF LYES AND WASH WATERS RESULTING FROM THE PREPARATION OF WOODY AND OTHER FIBRES, FILAMENTS, AND FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas James Smith, of the Firm of Robertson,
Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Patent Agents, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREAT-
MENT OF LYES AND WASH WATERS RESULTING FROM THE PREPARATION OF
WOODY AND OTHER FIBRES, FILAMENTS, AND FABRICS." A communication
from abroad by Cyprien Marie Tessié du Motay, of Paris, France.
-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas James Smith
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st January 1872.
I, THOMAS JAMES SMITH, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and
Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE TREATMENT OF LYES AND WASH WATERS RESULTING FROM THE PREPARATION
OF WOODY AND OTHER FIBRES, FILAMENTS, AND FABRICS," (a communication to
him from abroad by Cyprien Marie Tessié du Motay, of Paris, France,)
to be as follows: :-

page_text: agents for completing and perfecting the separation and precipitation of
the resinous, gummy, and ulmic bodies or ingredients from lyes or
wash waters after they have been used in the boiling or other preparation
of woody and other fibres, filaments, and fabrics, and after they have been
treated in the manner described in the Specification of an Invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to me, as a communication from the
same Inventor, on the 3rd day of July, in the year 1871, No. 1725. In
that Invention carbonic acid gas or equivalent gases alone, or in com-
bination, are referred to as the agent for separating and precipitating
the resinous, gummy, and ulmic matters held in solution in the lyes and
wash waters; but it has been found in practice that those agents were
not sufficient for the purposes of a complete and perfect recovery of such
matters, and that another process or after treatment was necessary,
which forms the subject matter of this Invention.
After the separation of the resin by the carbonic acid gas, and its
coagulation under heat, a sufficient quantity of sulphuret of sodium,
sulphuret of baryum, or sulphuret of calcium is added to the lye with or
without the addition of hydrate of lime or oxide of iron. A fresh current
of carbonic acid gas is then admitted, which decomposes the sulphur
added, and the sulphhydric acid set at liberty precipitates almost
entirely the ulmic compounds which were still combined with the soda
or potash lyes. After a sufficiently prolonged passage of carbonic acid
gas the liquor is entirely desulphurated, and the ulmic matter precipitated
is separated by decantation or filtration; the liquor is decarbonated and
caustified by putting it in contact with a milk of lime.
It is specially to the separation and to the precipitation of these ulmic
compounds that this process is applicable. These compounds in fact are
only precipitated by the carbonic acid or an equivalent gas and heat
when these lyes are very diluted (étendues). The bicarbonates of lime
and magnesia, which act by double decomposition upon the ulmates of
potash or soda in order to produce insoluble ulmates of lime or magnesia,
similarily only engender this reaction in dilute liquors. The same is the
case when the baryta is employed.
The sulnhhydric acid precipitates the ulmine and the ulmic acids

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas James Smith in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 1st July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
JAMES SMITH, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of
166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas James Smith, Her
special licence that I, the said Thomas James Smith, my exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas James
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENTS OF LYES AND WASH WATERS
RESULTING FROM THE PREPARATION OF WOODY AND OTHER FIBRES, FILAMENTS,
AND FABRICS,” (a communication from abroad by Cyprien Marie Tessić
du Motay, of Paris, France) upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Thomas James Smith, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: the resinous, gummy, and ulmic bodies or ingredients from byes or wash
waters after they have been used in the boiling or other preparation of
woody and other fibres, filaments, and fabrics, and after they have been
treated in the manner described in the Specification of an Invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to me, as a communication from the
same Inventor, on the 3rd day of July, in the year 1871, No. 1725. In
that Invention carbonic acid gas, or equivalent gases alone or in com-
bination, are referred to as the agent for separating and precipitating the
resinous, gummy, and ulmic matters held in solution in the lyes and
wash waters; but it has been found in practice that those agents were
not sufficient for the purposes of a complete and perfect recovery of such
matters, and that another process or after treatment was necessary; this
has been discovered in the following, which forms the subject matter of
this Invention.
After the separation of the resin by the carbonic acid gas, and its
coagulation under heat, sulphuret of sodium (sulfure de sodium),
sulphuret of baryum, or sulphuret of calcium is added to the lye with or
without the addition of hydrate of lime or oxide of iron. A fresh current
of carbonic acid gas is then admittted, which decomposes the sulphur
added, and the sulphhydric acid set at liberty precipitates almost
entirely the ulmic compounds which were still combined with the soda
or potash lyes. After a sufficiently prolonged passage of carbonic acid
gas the liquor is entirely desulphuratted, and the ulmic matter precipitated
is separated by decantation or filtration; the liquor is decarbonated and
recaustified by putting it in contact with a milk of lime.
It is specially to the separation and to the precipitation of these ulmic
compounds that this process is applicable. These compounds in fact are
only precipitated by the carbonic acid or an equivalent gas and heat
when these byes are very diluted (étendues). The bicarbonates of lime
and magnesia, which act by double decomposition upon the ulmates of
potash or soda in order to produce insoluble ulmates of lime or magnesia,
similarily only engender this reaction in dilute liquors. The same is the
case when the baryta is employed.
The sulphhydric acid precipitates the ulmine and the ulmic acids to
the insoluble state in concentrated sodic or potassic liquors.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―

page_text: Firstly. The employment of sulphuret of sodium (sulfure de sodium),
in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Secondly. The employment of sulphuret of barium, or a sulphuret
having equivalent properties thereto, in combination with a gas for the
purpose of separating and precipitating organic ingredients or compounds
contained in spent lyes and wash waters, substantially in the manner
described