Improvements in the Fire Proof Construction of Buildings.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left. 29th May. 1891-Accepted, 4th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Fire Proof Construction of Buildings.
We, JOHN SMITH BRAIDWOOD of 3 Killarney Avenue, Dublin Ireland,
Inspector of Fire Insurance Risks and JAMES JOHNSTON of 231 Clonliffe Road,
Drumcondra, near Dublin Ireland, Insurance Surveyor do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
The object of our invention is to provide a more effectual protection than any at
present in existence against the passage of fire through the doorways and windows
of the building in which such may originate to any adjoining or adjacent building
or buildings.
The doors, and window shutters, frames and sashes, architraves and thresholds
shall be made of hollow metal shapes, preferably of sheet steel, having bolts passing
through to give strength, and packed with alum and sawdust in about equal pro-
portions so that when exposed to fire or heat the packing will liquify and remain a
vicid mass in the hollow of the doors and windows.
If the doors or shutters be panelled the panels may consist of wire gauze or wire
netting sewn with wire or rivited to the metal shapes or frames.
Doors, shutters, sashes, frames, architraves, and thresholds shall be entirely
covered with pure or adulterated asbestos and if found necessary for the better
adhesion of this substance which shall be cast on the metal shapes by moulds, under
pressure, the doors, shutters, frames, sashes,, architraves and thresholds, may be
partly or wholly covered with wire gauze or a netting of brass, iron or steel. The
moulds shall be made to give a finished surface and shall have all mouldings and
beadings cast thereon. Or mouldings, and beadings may be separately prepared and
fixed to the doors and shutters by nails or other fastening, or prepared steel plates
of the sizes wanted may have mouldings stamped or struck in them out of the solid
so that two of these pieces would form a door or shutter of any thickness, the
thickness to be regulated by squaring up an edging on these struck plates.
In the absence of the covering of pure or adulterated asbestos the doors, shutters
frames and sashes shall be enamelled or painted with fireproof or other paints.
The doors and shutters shall be made to slide horizontally or vertically or to be
hinged or otherwise fixed for opening and for closing.
Dated this 20th dox of Aumust 1890
RAYNER & CASSELL,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Fire Proof Construction of Buildings.
We JOHN SMITH BRAIDWOOD of 3, Killarney Avenue, Dublin, Ireland,
Inspector of Fire Insurance Risks and JAMES JOHNSTON of 231 Clonliffe Road
Drumcondra near Dublin Ireland, Insurance Surveyor, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :―
The object of our invention is to provide a more effectual protection than any at
present in existance against the passage of fire through the doorways and windows
of the building in which such may originate to any adjoining or adjacent building
or buildings.
The doors, and window shutters, frames and sashes, architraves and thresholds
shall be made of hollow metal shapes, preferably of sheet steel, having bolts passing

page_text: through to give strength and packed with alum and sawdust in about equal pro-
portions so that when exposed to fire or heat the packing will liquify and remain a
vicid mass in the hollows of the doors and windows.
When the doors or shutters are panelled the panels consist of a sheet of metallic
asbestos cloth inserted between two layers or boards of pure or adulterated
asbestos, these three layers are sewn together with wire or rivetted together and
the edges all round inserted between metal sides forming the hollow rails and
styles of the constructive part of the door, these sides being rivetted or otherwise
secure to each other, thus clipping the panel together between them.
The sheet steel casings may have mouldings struck upon them or the mouldings
may be planted on and secured by rivets. The doors, shutters, frames, sashes,
architraves, partition framing constructed according to our invention; should be
enamelled or painted with fire proof paints.
I will now proceed to describe the various drawings hereunto annexed. Like
letters of reference being used as far as possible to like parts throughout.
For the purpose of illustrating my invention, the drawings herewith refer to a
fireproof door.
Figure 1 is the upper part of the front of the door.
Figure 2 shows the lower part of the back of the door.
Figure 3 is a vertical section through the door and its panels.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged section of a portion of the style and panel which is shewn
in elevation in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a variation in the construction of the style and panel to a door.
In Fig. 1 the ordinary appearance of a door is presented. A A being the panels,
the rails and styles are readily understood. In Fig. 2 the rivet heads are shewn
by small circles, and the panels are here shown covered by wire netting marked BB,
which however is not strictly essential to our invention but may be used when
required. In Fig. 3 C is the hollow space between the sheet metal framing packed
as shewn with alum and sawdust. In Figure 4 the inner sheet of panel marked D
is the metallic asbestos cloth between the two boards E, E, of pure or adulterated
solid asbestos. F is the wire gauze netting which may be used or not as required.
In Fig. 5 the letters of reference are similar to those of Fig. 4 no wire gauze is
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) A novel method of fireproof construction in buildings applicable chiefly to
doors and windows in openings, in or adjoining to party walls, arranged and con-
structed substantially as herein before described in this Specification and illustrated
by the accompanying diagrams of a fire proof door.
(2.) In the fire proof construction of doors and windows of buildings, the forming
of the same in sheet metal with a hollow space filled up with alum and sawdust
as before described in this Specification and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Deted thi. 20th Jan of M-1001
RAYNER & CASSELL,
37, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.