IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS FOR CONTAINING AND SUPPLYING OR FEEDING OIL
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Collings Wells and Roughsedge Wallwork, both
of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS FOR CONTAINING AND SUPPLYING
OR FEEDING OIL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Collings Wells
and Roughsedge Wallwork at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 18th November 1880.
ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS and RoughsEdge WALLWORK, both of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS
FOR CONTAINING AND SUPPLYING OR FEEDING OIL."
Our improvements in vessels for containing and supplying or feeding oil for
lubricating and other purposes consists in an improved combination and con-
struction. The containing vessel is formed of cast or malleable iron in any desired
form, but of conical form by preference.
This casting is tapped to receive a collar or screw, in the axis of which a pipe of
large diameter is secured; the exterior of this pipe forms the spout through which
the lubricant is conveyed to the part to receive it, and this pipe has a continuation
inside the vessel, which extends to its bottom, or nearly so.
There is a small hole formed in that part of the pipe within the vessel near the
screw collar, through which the oil can pass into the large bore pipe. Thus
arranged, the air can enter the upper part of the large bore pipe and pass along it
to the inside of the vessel, while the oil is flowing out along the lower part of the
large bore spout.
The internal pipe may be bent, so that when the lubricant is being poured out, its
end will be near the upper side of the vessel, and the upper side of the spout part
of the large bore tube is or may be bent down, so that when the oil is flowing it
will seal the air passage; but when the vessel is turned into its vertical position,
the air can enter the spout again, and thus air will pass from the spout to the
inside of the vessel, and allow the oil, or a part of the oil, to flow out through the
spout when required.
Instead of one large borc spout there may be ono divided into two parts,
one for air, and one for the lubricant; or a double pipe or spout is or may be
employed, one for oil to pass out, and the other for air to pass into the vessel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Arthur Collings Wells and Roughsedge Wallwork in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 17th May 1881.
"
ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS and ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, both of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS
FOR CONTAINING AND SUPPLYING OR FEEDING OIL."
Our improvements in vessels for containing and supplying or feeding oil for
lubricating and other purposes consist in an improved combination and con-
struction.
The containing vessel is formed of cast, annealed, or malleable iron in any desired
form.
This casting is tapped to receive a collar or screw, in the axis of which a pipe of
large diameter is secured; the exterior of this pipe forms the spout through which
the lubricant is conveyed to the part to receive it, and this pipe has a continuation
inside the vessel which extends to its bottom, or nearly so.
There is a small hole formed in that part of the pipe within the vessel near the
screw, through which the oil can pass into the large bore pipe.
Thus arranged, the air can enter the upper part of the large bore pipe and pass
along it to the inside of the vessel, while the oil is flowing out along the lower part
of the large bore spout.
The internal pipe may be bent, so that when the lubricant is being poured out,
its end will be near the upper side of the vessel, and the upper side of the spout
part of the large bore tube is or may be bent down, so that when the oil is flowing
it will seal the air passage; but when the vessel is turned into its vertical position,
the air can enter the spout again, and thus air will pass from the spout to inside of
tho vessel, and allow the oil, or a part of the oil, to flow out through the spout when
required.
Instead of one large bore spout there may be one divided into two parts, one for
air, and one for the lubricant; or a double pipe or spout is or may be employed,
one for oil to pass out, and the other for air to pass into the vessel.
Another modification consists of a vessel for containing and supplying oil, cast in
one piece combined with a spout, which is screwed into the containing vessel, and
with a valve to prevent the outflow of the lubricant until the valve is opened by
pressing upon a button.
The screw cap for closing the hole through which oil is filled into the vessel is
attached to one end of a short chain, the other end of which is attached to a ring
inside the vessel, which chain and ring will retain the cap and prevent it from
being lost when unscrewed, as the ring is too large to be withdrawn from the hole
in the vessel.
This mode of securing the cap (which in ordinary receptacles is usually held by
a chain outside the vessel), prevents the chain from catching or becoming damaged
or broken, and is also applicable for securing screw caps in vessels for containing
and supplying oils for various purposes when made of other material than cast
iron.
The spouts, made separate and screwed into the containing vessel, being made to
standard sizes, can be cheaply and readily replaced when damaged.
Another modification of our Invention consists of a vessel for containing and
supplying oil for lubricating purposes made same as that last described, but
without the valve and connected parts.
Another improvement in vessels for containing and supplying oil to wicks, and
forming lamps, consists in constructing them in one piece of thin cast iron annealed,

page_text: with screw caps for closing the whole in the vessel through which the oil is
supplied, which caps are secured by a short chain and ring, as hereinbefore
mentioned, and provided with wire tongs to trim the wick.
These lamp vessels are cast of various shapes and sizes to suit the purpose required,
and some are made with one, and some with two or more spouts for wicks, and
others are made flat and narrow, or of such shape as to be conveniently placed or
lowered into narrow spaces or cavities where light is required for engineering and
other purposes.
The body of our improved vessels for containing and supplying oil for lubricating
lamps and other purposes, being solid and in one piece, are not easily broken,
crushed, or otherwise damaged, and are not liable to be upset or to leak, as those
hitherto generally used, formed of tinned plate jointed together by solder.
Fig. 1 is a section illustrating a vessel for containing and supplying oil for
lubricating purposes, and Fig. 2 is a section of another modification for the same
purpose.
Fig. 3 is a side, and Fig. 4 a plan of a vessel for containing and supplying oil
for lamps.
Fig. 5 is a side, and Fig. 6 an edge view of another form of lamp.
In Fig. 1, a is the containing vessel of cast iron annealed, with a wrought iron
handle b cast in the metal; c is the screw cap with a leather washer c¹ for closing
the hole through which the lubricant is filled into the vessel. In this cap is soldered
or otherwise secured a spout d, which extends both outside and inside the vessel as
shown; d' is a hole in the pipe inside the vessel and dis a hole at the upperside
of the spout outside the vessel.
In Fig. 2, a is the containing vessel; b, a handle of wrought iron cast in the
vessel; c, the screw cap, with leather washer c¹ for closing the hole through which
the oil is supplied, which cap is attached to a short chain c² and ring c³, as shown.
The spout d is screwed into the vessel a, as shown.
In the branch for the spout a cone scating is formed for a valve e secured on the
end of an elastic wire e¹, which is bent to a curve and passes through a hole formed
in the upper part of the vessel (a) as shown.
There is a small leather washer on the wire in the hole round it in the vessel (a),
against which leather washer one end of an helical spring c² abuts, and the other
end comes against a button c³, which is near the handle (b), so as to be casily
pressed by the thumb, when the lubricant is to be allowed to pass from tho
vessel (a), the spring (e²), closing the valve (e) when the pressure is removed from
the button c³.
There is a short slit a* in the side of the orifice for the screw cap, to admit air
to the interior of the vessel.
In Figs. 3 and 4, a is the containing vessel b, the handle of wrought iron cast
in the metal.
c, the hooked screw cap with leather washer c³ to close the hole through which
the oil is supplied, which book on the cap serves to suspend the lamp when
required.
a is the spout for the wick; f spring wire tongs for trimming the wick, secured
by a short chain f¹ to a hole in the handle, and held when not in use in a hole
in a projection from the body of the lamp as shown.
Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a lamp which can be suspended by a cord or chain
between tubes of boilers when being examined and for other purposes. a, the
body of the containing vessel, with the handle part a² cast solid with it; c, the
screw cap, and c', leather washer for closing the filling orifice.
a', the spout for the wick; f, the tongs for trimming the wick.
The vessel is strengthened and the sides are prevented from being easily crushed
in by a tie piece or rib as, shown in dotted line, extending from side to side and
cast solid with the vessel.
We have now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the mode
of carrying the same into effect, and clain as our Invention,-

page_text: Firstly. The construction of vessels for containing and supplying oil for
lubricating purposes, of solid cast iron annealed with the spouts constructed,
arranged, and combined with the containing vessel, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustiated by Fig. 1 of the Drawings.
Secondly. The construction of vessels for containing and supplying oil for
lubricating purposes, of solid cast iron annealed, combined with the spouts screwed
in, and also such vessels combined with valve arrangements, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by Fig. 2 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The construction of vessels for containing and supplying oil, as lamps of
solid cast iron annealed, as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 3 to G
inclusive of the Drawings.
Fourthly. The mode of securing the screw caps for closing the holes through
which oil is supplied to vessels for containing and supplying oil for lubricating, or
lamps, or other purposes, by a short attachment and ring, or its equivalent, and
the combination of such mode of securing the cap with the improved vessels for
containing and supplying oil, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Arthur Collings Wells and Roughsedge
Wallwork (or ouo of us), have hereunto set our hands and seal, this
Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty one.
ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS. (L.S.)