CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING SURFACES TO BE USED FOR PRINTING, EMBOSSING, OR IMPRESSING
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
TUDOR MABLEY, of Wellington Street North, in the Parish of Saint Paul
Covent Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draftsman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Seventeenth day of December, in the fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Tudor Mabley, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said William Tudor Mabley, my executors, admi-
nistrators; and assigns, and such others as I, the said William Tudor Mabley,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others; from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my. Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING SURFACES TO BE USED FOR PRINTING,
EMBOSSING, OR IMPRESSING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso obliging me, the said William Tudor Mabley, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chan-
cery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said !
William Tudor Mabley, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to. the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say): :-
My improvements in producing surfaces to be used in printing, embossing,
or impressing, consist in certain modifications or applications of the art known
as electrography or electro-metallurgy, such art, as is well known, relating to
the precipitation of metals from their solutions by the agency of voltaic elec-
tricity; and as the means by which this is accomplished forms no part of my
Invention, I shall not, in this my Specification, further allude to it than is
necessary in order to explain my improvements, which consist,-
Firstly, in the production of a printing, embossing, or impressing metallic
cylinder, cylinder plate, or block, having a device or pattern formed thereon,
suitable for the above purposes, such device or pattern constituting one perfect
'or connected design produced from an originally engraved or otherwise exe-
cuted portion of the said design.
Secondly, my Improvements consist in a mode of joining together engraved
or otherwise executed metallic plates so as to form one connected surface.
Thirdly, in obtaining an executed plain surface to an engraved metallic
plate, whereon a continuation of or addition to the subject already formed may
be engraved.
Fourthly, in certain modes of producing suitable surfaces as aforesaid, such
modes not requiring the ordinary original process of engraving.
Fifthly, in a mode of producing surfaces as aforesaid, such surfaces being
suitable for printing, or printing and embossing, in various colors.
Sixthly, my improvements consist in the application and use of dies formed
by the agency of voltaic electricity for the purpose of embossing or impressing
horn, hoof, or tortoiseshell in the manufacture of buttons.
Seventhly, in a mode of mounting or attaching seals, boockbinders' tools, or
other such instruments used for impressing such instruments or tools, being
produced by the agency aforesaid. And,
.
Lastly, my improvements consist in a mode of producing seals for impressing
on wax or other such substance.

page_text: In order to illustrate the first part of my Invention, I have shewn several
diagrams, which I will now proceed to describe.
Fig. 1 represents a design for an ordinary dinner plate; and it being desired
to produce a printing surface for the same, I engrave or otherwise execute by
any of the ordinary means a portion, say one fourth, of the whole design, as
represented at Fig. 2. .I then obtain a mould or matrix of this portion of the
engraved design, which mould or matrix may be obtained by compression with
soft metal; or a cast in wax, plaster, or other such material may be made,
remarking that if the mould be made from a non-conductor of electricity it
must be made a conductor by the application of plumbago or any substance
commonly used for such purpose. But the moulds which I shall here describe
as using are those themselves made by the agency of voltaic electricity, to do
which I varnish or otherwise insulate such parts on which I do not wish the
metal to be precipitated, and then place it (the engraved portion of the design
represented at Fig. 2) in a vessel containing a solution of metallic salt (sul-
phate of copper, for instance), and communicate it with the positive hole of a
voltaic battery; or a single cell apparatus may be used, as is well understood.
When the metal is deposited to a sufficient thickness, I remove the same, and
again place the original in connection with the battery, as before, and so
on until I have obtained the required number of copies, which in this case is
four. These four copies (which are in relief) are then filed or otherwise
dressed at their edges, in order to do which. truly a straight line may be
scratched along the edges of the original, as at a, b, d, Fig. 2. They are then
placed together, so as to form the entire design in relief, and soldered or
otherwise held in this position. The whole is then placed in connection with
the battery or single cell apparatus, when, the copper being precipitated upon
it, one consolidated plate will be produced possessing the entire design, and
ready for the operation of printing, before which, however, it may be necessary
to dress the roughness of the back and edges of the plate, and repair it on its
face at those parts where the junctions were made, which may be done by the
ordinary modes of engraving; but this will be very trifling if the work be
carefully executed. In some cases a mould of the whole design may be
formed in one piece by placing the engraved portion thereof in connection with.
a sheet of soft metal, and having rolled or otherwise pressed it thereon, move
it and repeat the operation until the whole design is embossed or raised
thereon. I would here make some general observations which will apply to
nearly all the applications of my present improvements. On engraving a
portion of a design it will be found advisable to leave a margin at those parts
where the design is intended to join; otherwise, in removing the electrotype

page_text: copy, the design may be injured in a material degree. It will also be found
desirable, when drawing and engraving those portions of the design which
are intended to join, to be careful in executing them correctly, in order that
when put together they may correspond with tolerable accuracy; but with
regard to that part of the design which lies between the points of junction
there is no necessity to be more than ordinarily careful.
Fig. 3 represents another example of the application of my Invention. In.
this case, the centre piece being irregular, it is not possible to proceed as above.
described; I therefore divide the design as represented by the red lines,
engraving, electrotyping, or otherwise executing the centre in one piece, and
then, having formed the border of quarters or other divisions, as above
described, join the whole together, and proceed as before.
Figure 4 represents a design used in printing handkerchiefs, and may be
divided so as to originally engrave the square portion represented within the
red lines or otherwise.
Figure 5 represents a running pattern, which may be used for a variety of
purposes; for instance, in the form of a block for printing paper hangings,
calico, &c., and may be divided in order to be manufactured on my principle,
as shewn by red lines, or into smaller portions if desired.
Figure 6 represents a design which may be used as an embossing plate.
for book covers or other purposes, which may be divided as shewn.
by red lines, originally engraving those portions shewn in the detached,
Figures. It will readily be conceived that a variety of devices may be
obtained in this way. at comparatively small cost, on many accounts. And I
think it desirable to mention the advantage that will be derived in plates for
printing earthenware, &c., by changing centre pieces with regard to their
borders, and vice versa. For instance, a mould may be obtained from the
border represented at Figure 3, and one from the centre piece of Figure 1,.
when a plate being formed from the two, as above described, the whole will
print the device represented at Figure 7. I would also remark, that in some
cases after the portions are joined, and an electrotype copy of the whole made
and repaired at the junctions, another electrotype copy may be obtained, which
will of course be in relief, serving as a mould or matrix to be used when
required, and this will obviate the necessity, when many copies of the plate
are likely to be wanted, of repairing each one, which would be the case if they
were all produced from the original joined plate, as before described.
I have in the foregoing description, for the sake of simplicity, described.
this first head of my Invention generally. I will now proceed to shew the
mode which I prefer of joining electrotype moulds together.

page_text: Before placing the electrotype copy of the portion of the design Figure 2 in
connection with the battery, I affix, by means of clamps or otherwise, bars
or ribs (by preference of metal) along those edges of the design which are
intended to be joined to the edges of another portion, as shewn at a, a, in the
plan or horizontal and sectional views, Figures 8 and 9, and then varnish or
otherwise insulate certain parts, so that the metal shall be precipitated, as
shewn at b,b; which precipitated metal, when removed, will be formed with
flanges, as shewn at Figures 10 and 11. By this means I am enabled to get a
more extensive surface to join the portions with, and can dispense with solder
or other adhesive matter, by connecting the portions together as shewn at
Figures 12 and 13.
Figure 12 is a side view of the several portions united together, and
Figure 13 is an underside view of the same. Against the back of the flanges
formed on the precipitated metal moulds b, b, are placed stiff bars of metal c, c,
which bars are tightly pressed together by the champs d, d, thus bringing the
edges of the moulds closely in contact; but, should they not meet sufficiently
close, a washer of very thin sheet lead may be placed between them, or a
metallic amalgam or cement may be rubbed in; but in this case, if it be not a
conductor, it must be made so by any known method, otherwise one portion
of the design will be insulated from another. I may remark, that in all
cases of joining moulds together the operator must be careful to keept
them as straight as possible.
In concluding this head of my Invention, I would remark, that I have not
thought it necessary to point out all the applications thereof, as it will be
evident the same principle will apply to a variety of purposes; for instance, in
producing plates for the purposes of embossing or embossing and printing
woollen or other table covers and hangings; and, if it be desired, the finished
plates or blocks may be subsequently coiled around a drum or mandril, in
order to print from a cylindrical surface.
The second head of my Invention, namely, a mode of joining together
engraved or otherwise executed metallic plates, is shewn at the end and under-
side plan views, Figures 14 and 15, the finished or engraved plates are shewi
at e, e, along the edges of each of which where it joins another, I form a
groove f, as shewn in the detached views, Figures 16 and 17; they are then
brought together and held in that position by means of clamps or otherwise;
all parts are then varnished or otherwise insulated, except the grooves f,f,
which are to be washed with dilute nitric acid, and the whole then
placed in the metallic solution, and in connection with the battery,
when metal will be deposited, as shewn at 9,9, Figure 14, which will firmly

page_text: unite the parts together, and when the back is made even the plate will
be ready for use, but if thought desirable the whole of the back may be coated
instead of the grooves only.
The third head of my Invention, namely, that of obtaining an extended
surface to an engraved plate, consists in taking a mould of such engraved
plate (which I prefer being an electrotype) and soldering or otherwise
attaching thereto, as described above, a plain metallic or other surface, and
then submitting the whole to the action of the battery in the metallic solution,
when a plate will be obtained in one mass containing an additional surface
whereon another portion of a whole design or another entire design may be
engraved. In order to illustrate this, suppose I have a plate with the design
Figure 5 engraved thereon, but that it is desired to produce a plate with that
design extended, or to make it answer the purpose of a centre piece, I obtain a
mould of this plate, and add thereto a plain surface, as shewn by dots in that
Figure, when an electrotype copy of the whole being taken there will then be
a plate with a plain surface, on which an extension of the pattern or a border
may be engraved.
The fourth head of my Invention, namely, that of producing surfaces suitable
for printing or embossing without the aid of ordinary original engraving con-
sists, firstly, in the following method:-I take a flat metal surface, plated in
preference, and .coat it over with wax, or other such matter as can readily be
removed. The composition which I prefer is one formed of beeswax, turpen-
tine, and lampblack mixed together, so as to form a substance when cold
easily cut through and removed; on this surface I then trace the required
design, and remove those portions thereof down to the metallic plate that are
required to print. This may be done with any convenient instrument, one
resembling. an engraver's etching point I prefer, but when large pieces of the
composition are to be removed a broader instrument may be used, as, for
instance, a chisel; but it will be found desirable in all cases to cut through
the composition first with a fine instrument. This done, with a brush or other-
wise I rub over the composition, plumbago, or other substance that will make
it a conductor of electricity, and then place the whole in the metallic solution,
and in connection with the battery or single cell apparatus, when the metal
will be precipitated, and, the composition being melted away o otherwise
removed, will form the required printing surface. If it be required to produce
an embossing surface the process will be precisely the same, except that for
the same pattern those portions that were for a printing surface cut away must
now be left, and vice versa.. If it be desired to produce a printing or embossing
cylinder after this plan the same course is to be pursued, excepting that a

page_text: hollow cylinder instead of a flat plate is to be used. This hollow cylinder.
I prefer forming in three segments, and when they are coated with the coin-.
position I remove certain portions, as before described, and having coated it,
with a conductor of electricity I join together the portions, confine them in
their position by meaus of flanges or clamps, as shown at Figure 18 or other-
wise, and place the whole in the solution in connection with the battery, 'when
the other portions being insulated the metal will be deposited in the interior,,
and form a cylinder, which may be afterwards bored and fitted on a mandril,.
or otherwise mounted suited for embossing or printing. And I would remark,,
that sometimes it may be necessary to turn or grind the faces of these surfaces.
slightly after they are formed. According to the second plan I adopt, I take a
stone capable of being eaten away by the application of sulphuric or other
acid, the ordinary lithographic stone for instance, on which I trace the design.
intended to be produced. I then, by means of varnish, lithographic ink,
or other such substance, cover certain portions thereof, and then submit the,
surface to the action of dilute acid, which may be done by placing a wall of
wax around the stone, and then pouring on the acid, as is generally practised.
by engravers when etching, when those portions of the stone which have not
been covered by the varnish, or other such protecting matter, will be bitten or
corroded away. I then coat the whole with varnish, wax, or other such pro-.
tecting matter, and, having applied a plumbago or other conducting substance.
thereto, place it in the solution in connection with the battery, when the
metal being precipitated thereon will form a surface suitable for printing or
embossing; the difference for which purposes depending only upon whether the
design is removed, or those portions which lie between it; and in this, as in the.
former case, the face of the surface may be slightly ground if required.
Another mode which I adopt for obtaining printing surfaces in relief is, to
take a piece of sheet lead or other soft metal, and cut or punch out the required,
design through the same. I then place it on a flat piece of metal, in which
position it must be held firmly, and the mode which I prefer for doing this is,
to tin the two surfaces, and. having brought them closely together, apply heat,
by which means they will becon:e soldered together, the whole is then properly.
stopped out and submitted to the voltaic action, when the metal will be depo-
sited, giving the required printing surface in relief. In order to produce
cylinders with relief printing surfaces on this plan I use a hollow cylinder.
similar to that shewn at Figure 18, within which I place the punched sheet of
soft metal, which may be done by coiling it around a mandril, which may be
removed when the whole is placed within the hollow cylinder; and in this
case, if the mandril be of the right size, so as to leave just the thickness of

page_text: the punched metal between it and the hollow cylinder, no soldering will be
necessary; but if it be required to do so it may be effected by proceeding
as before, and applying heat through the mandril, which may be hollow for
that purpose; and I prefer leaving a slight opening at the junctions of the
hollow cylinder, in order that by tightening them after the punched metal is
introduced its edges may be brought together, should the length "be not
exactly correct. The mandril being withdrawn, and the hollow cylinder with
the punched metal coiled within being then placed in the solution, and in con-
nection with the battery the metal will be precipitated, producing a cylinder
with those parts in relief which were punched through the soft metal. I then
remove the portions of the hollow cylinder, and fit an axis to the same in any
ordinary manner; and having done that the whole may be placed in a lathe and
turned true to the said axis, and if there be any difficulty found in removing
the sheet of lead or other soft metal it may be melted away by the application
of heat.
I now proceed to describe the means by which I obtain metallic surfaces
suitable for printing in two or more colors, and I will illustrate this part of
my improvements by reference to Figure 19. Suppose it be intended to print
from a plate having engraved or otherwise obtained the design with the
pattern sunk thcrcin, I obtain two moulds of the whole design, in which it
will of course be in relief. I then with a scraper or other tool remove those por-
tions of the design on one plate which would print the red color for instance, and
on the other remove those portions of the design which would print the green
color; and this being done, I again obtain electrotype copies, the one possessing
the printing portions which are deficient in the other, and vice versa; and it will
be obvious that suitable register marks being kept, as is well understood, the
design will be printed with the utmost accuracy. It will readily be under-
stood that any quantity of plates may be produced to work together in this
manner, and that this and the preceding feature of my Invention, videlicit,
that of forming a whole from a portion of the design, may be united with
great effect; remarking, that when this is done, moulds of the whole design
should be made from a corrected plate. And I would also remark, that care
should be taken, in removing portions of a design by scraping or otherwise,
that the bottom or foundation of the plate be left as smooth as possible. In
forming block or those surfaces which print from raised portions, I take
moulds either in wax or other. such matter, or by electrography, and fill up or
stop out the hollow which would produce the printing parts which I wish to
be left out. For instance, with reference to Figure 19, I obtain two moulds
of the original engraving, and in one fill up or stop out those cavities in which

page_text: the metal would be deposited for printing the red color, and in the other those
which would print the green color, so that when the moulds are placed in the
solution and in connection with the battery the raised surfaces will be depo-
sited in the one which are deficient in the other. The advantage arising from
this mode of producing surfaces for printing in colors will principally be found
in the fact that I can' do so in a subject which I wish sometimes to print in
one color only.
The next head of my Invention, viz, that of forming dies to be used in
embossing or impressing buttons, such as are formed of hoof, horn, or tortoise-
shell, consists in producing such dies by precipitating metal, through the agency
of voltaic electricity, upon suitably formed moulds or matrices, which moulds or
matrices may be produced in a variety of ways dependant upon the nature of
the original will of the manufacturer or other causes; this head of my Inven-
tion not consisting in the production of original designs, but in the application
or use, for the purpose above stated, of dies being copies of originals executed
by engraving, punching, or otherwise, the copies or dies being produced by the
precipitation of metal through the agency of voltaic electricity. And in order
to shew how my Invention may be applied in practice, I will proceed to
describe some examples of such application. I will suppose that it is desired
to obtain or produce a plate or block containing several dies as is now usual
in the horn button manufacture. I engrave or otherwise produce one die
containing the required device. I prefer forming this on copper or silver, and
of a convex form, as represented at Fig. 20, for then the firstly produced copy
will be ready to be applied as the die. I then place it in connection with the
battery, or in a single cell apparatus, and precipitate the metal upon it
as shewn at b, Fig. 21, which having acquired a sufficient thickness is
removed and another copy obtained, until the required number is produced.
I then mount them in order that they may be applied together when in use,
and this may be effected in the following manner:-Fig. 22 represents in
section a strong block or plate of metal having cavities h, h, formed therein
suitable for receiving the copies of the original device, which copies should be
turned or otherwise shaped into a regular form, as shewn at Fig. 22. They
are then driven in the recesses h, h, which are of a sufficient depth to leave an
edge round the die by which to form the edge of the button; and should it be
required at any time to remove one or more, they may be driven out by
passing pins through the holes i, i; and if desired, as for instance, when the
dies are used thin, a loose disc of metal may be placed in the recesses between
the plate and the dies in order to protect them from injury when being
removed. Fig. 23 represents in section a plate or block of these dies mounted,

page_text: which, when provided with register pins, as is well understood, will be ready
for use, or if desired they may be precipitated.in the shape shewn at Fig. 23*,
when the finished block will be as represented in section at Fig. 23**. Ano-.
ther mode of mounting my improved dies is shewn at Figures 24, 25, 26,
and 27. Fig. 24 represents the originally engraved or otherwise executed
design, and in this case the metal is allowed to be deposited until a flat
surface can be produced at the back of the copy by removing a portion of the
metal, as shewn at Fig. 25. The plate or block in which they are mounted
in this case will only have to be turned out as represented in section at
Fig. 26, and the dies applied as at Fig. 27. In this case, however, when
buttons having a curved face are to be formed, much more time will be
required to produce the dies, but where that is not an object this plan will
be found desirable. Figures 28 and 29 shew another plan of mounting the
dies. The dies b, b, are in this case placed firmly in contact with an even
plate or block of metal k, k, and kept in that position by being pressed tightly
into the rings 1, 1, which rings will form the hollow for receiving the super-
fluous horn or other such matter, or they may be kept in this position by
means of solder, which can afterwards be loosened by the application of heat,
or by bolts passing-loosely through holes in the plate k or otherwise. The
metal is then precipitated upon it as shewn at Fig. 29, the action being con-
tinued until enough is deposited to allow of the back being made even, or
partially so, without cutting through the design, when the dies and last deposited.
metal are separated from the plate k, k, the whole being firmly united together..
Should it be desired in this case to provide for the removal of the dies, in case
one or more should be injured, or for other reasons, they should be turned or
otherwise brought to a mechanical surface previously to being attached to the
plate k, k, which will prevent an adhesion with the last deposited metal; but
if it be desired to obtain the whole firmly combined together, then the dies
should be applied to the plate k, k, as they come from the first process, and if
it be found desirable after the back of the finished plate of dies has been
made even, another plate may be attached thereto, in order to give it a greater.
degree of strength. Before placing the dies in the plate k, k, it may be.
desirable to insulate or stop out the inside of them, to prevent a deposit should.
the solution get there. It will be evident that this my improvement may be
applied in like manner where only one die is used at a time. When this is
the case, I prefer, mounting them, as shewn at Fig. 30. In some cases it
may be desirable to copy a plate having a number of concave dies already.
engraved or otherwise executed upon it, in which case it will be necessary to
make a mould or matrix of the same previously to forming the plate intended

page_text: to be used, which mould or matrix may be formed by any of the usual
methods known; for instance, by depositing metal upon it by means of voltaic
electricity; or where the original would be injured by such operation, or
where speed is required, by taking a cast in wax or other suitable substance,
and the mould being obtained either together or in parts, it is to be treated
as above described, either by letting it into a plate having recesses formed
therein, as at Figure 28, by the mode described under Fig. 28, or by any
other convenient means. And I would remark, that it may in some cases be
found desirable to make the manufactured buttons themselves the mould
from which dies are to be produced; and in this case, when it is desired to
produce more than one together, they may be pressed into a sheet of wax or
other such substance, or plaster of Paris, but in this case (as in all similar
ones) it will of course be understood that they must be made conductors of
electricity by the application of plumbago or other substance ordinarily used
for such purpose.
My seventh improvement, viz, the mode of mounting seals, bookbinders'
tools, and other such instruments, consists in causing the precipitated copy of
the design to attach itself in the act of depositing upon the holder of such
precipitated copy instead of being attached thereto by subsequent soldering, as
is now practised. Fig. 31 represents a mode by which this may be done
singly. m represents the mould containing the design intended to be copied.
If this be of wax, or other nonconducting substance, it must of course be
made a conductor by any of the known methods; I suppose it here to be
metal; against this die is placed the holder n, and after they are brought
closely together they are kept in that position by means of passing cement
around the edges, as shewn in the Drawing at o, o, or solder may be used, or
the two pieces held together by a clamp. The parts not requiring to be
deposited on are then stopped out, and the whole placed in the solution in a
single cell apparatus, or in connection with the battery, when the metal will
be deposited as shewn at p, p, in Figure 31 ; and if the inside of the holder be
previously dipped in dilute nitric acid, it will firmly adhere thereto; or the
holder may be made, with a groove within in order to retain the precipitated
metal. A convenient mode of effecting this when large quantities are made
is shewn at Figures 32 and 33. Figure 32 is a side section, and Figure 38
a cross section of the same. I suppose here that a flat plate is procured,
having a number of designs thereon, which plate may be an electrotype copy
produced from an engraved plate, or made in the same manner as the plate of
dies described under the sixth head of my Invention, varying only in this, thät

page_text: ":
for the present purpose they will be in relief against this plate 9, which should
be obtained as flat as possible; the holders n, n, are placed and held in that
position by means of the binding screws r, r, working in the bar s, attached
to the vessel t, which contains the metallic solution, say sulphate of copper.
u is a plate of copper also, carried at each end by the vessel t, which is
partially filled with the solution, as shewn in the Drawing. To the bar s, s,
is connected the positive pole of a voltaic battery, and to the plate u the
negative pole, when the parts being suitably stopped out, the metal will be
deposited as shewn in the Drawing at p. p. Figure 34 shews another
modification, wherein the metal is caused to be precipitated in the outside of
the holder. To effect this, the precipitation should be allowed to go on
without the holder for some time, as shewn at Figure 35, when the holder
stopped out and cleaned with acid at the required parts is to be placed in
contact with it, and the precipitation continued, which will produce the modifi-
cation shewn at Figure 34. The holders may be afterwards turned and
affixed to handles by the screws shewn in the Drawing, or by any other
means; if thought desirable, the metal may be merely precipitated on to
rings, as shewn at Figure 86, and attached to pieces similar to those shewn in
the Drawing as holders. Precisely the same arrangement will answer for
bookbinders' or other tools used for embossing or impressing, one advantage
being that from the absence of soft solder in mounting them they will stand
the application of heat.
My last improvement, videlicit, that of producing seals for impressing
consists in the setting up or putting together moulds of portions of such
seals. To effect this, I procure a set of (initials for instance) similar to
ordinary type, as shewn at Figure 87, and these I place together, according
to the required seal, as at Figure 38, placing blank picces v, v, at the sides in
order to obtain a sufficient margin. I then place them in the metallic solu-
tion and precipitate the metal upon them, as shewn at Figure 39, in the
ordinary manner, which precipitated metal may be deposited according to my
.former improvement, or may be morinted in the usual way. The mode which
I prefer of procuring these moulds is to obtain a plate with the subject sunk
upon them by the ordinary mode of die sinking, and, having obtained an
electrotype copy of this, I cut it into the portions which are required to be
kept separate, and these portions I mount by soldering or otherwise upon flat
pieces of metal, which I file or grind perfectly true, so as to fit each other
nicely when put together. Should there however be a mark on the deposited seal
where the pieces join, it may easily be removed, as it will be a projecting one.

page_text: Having now described the nature and modes of carrying into effect the
several parts of my Invention, I wish it to be understood that what I claim,
as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent, are,―
-
First, the production of a surface suitable for printing, embossing, or im-
pressing one perfect or connected design, by joining together moulds of a
portion or portions of the said design, and then precipitating metal upon
them through the agency of voltaic electricity; and I claim separately under.
this head of my Invention the mode described of obtaining flanges to the
precipitated moulds.
Secondly, I claim the mode horein-before described of joining together
engraved or otherwise executed printing or embossing plates.
Thirdly, I claim the joining of plain surfaces to the moulds of engraved
plates, and then precipitating metal upon them through the agency of voltaic
electricity.
Fourthly, I claim the modes herein-before described under the fourth head
of my Invention, of producing surfaces suitable for printing, embossing, or
impressing.
Fifthly, I claim the removing from moulds of plates portions of the
design thereon, or, in the case of blocks, filling up or stopping out portions
thereof, in order to produce plates or blocks.suitable for printing in various
colors.
Sixth, I claim the application and use of moulds formed by the precipita-
tion of metal through the agency of voltaic electricity, for the purpose of
embossing or impressing buttons formed of horn, hoof, or tortoiseshell.
Seventh, I claim, in producing - seals for impressing on wax or other sub-
stance and bookbinders' or other such tools, for impressing the precipitating
the metal through the agency of voltaic electricity upon the manufactured
holder, or a portion thereof, at the same time that it is deposited upon the
mould forming the design of such seal or tool. And,
Lastly, I claim the setting up of moulds forming a portion of the design
of an intended seal, and then precipitating metal upon them through the
agency of voltaic electricity.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Tudor Mabley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of June, One thousand
eight hundred and forty-one.
W TUDOR (L.S.) MABLEY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventeenth day of June, in
the fourth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said William
Tudor Mabley came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein con-
tained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument afore-
said was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth
year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Seventeenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-one