IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, MANGLES, AND OTHER SUITABLE PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lockwood and Henry Herbert Andrew, both of
Sheffield, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPRINGS FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, MANGLES, AND OTHER
SUITABLE PURPOSES."
Sealed the 24th February 1880, and dated the 20th September 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lockwood and
Henry Herbert Andrews at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
20th September 1879.
.46
WILLIAM LOCKWOOD and HENRY HERBERT ANDREW, both of Sheffield, in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER
CARRIAGES, MANGLES, AND OTHER SUITABLE PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction and manufacture of
springs for railway and other carriages, mangles, and for other suitable purposes,
and has for its object simplicity and lightness in construction, and consequent
economy in manufacture, and it consists chiefly in so constructing the springs that
no clip or hoop is required to hold the plates together as is usually the case, and
also that fewer plates are required than in the ordinary springs.
In carrying out our Invention in the construction of what we designate our.
three plate spring (for example) we use by preference steel the cross section of
which is a curve, the hollow or convex side being uppermost.
The two top plates are curved to the peculiar and desired shape, and secured to
the bottom plate by two or more bolts or rivets. The section of steel and the
shape of the spring may be varied according to the different purposes to which the
spring is intended to be applied.
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page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Lockwood and Henry Herbert Andrew in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 19th March 1880.
WILLIAM LOCKWOOD and HENRY HERBERT ANDREW, both of Sheffield, in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER
CARRIAGES, MANGLES, AND OTHER SUITABLE PURPOSES."
Our said Invention relates to improvements in the construction of springs for
railway and other carriages, for mangles, and for other suitable purposes, and has
for its object simplicity and lightness in construction, and consequent economy in
manufacture, and it consists chiefly in so constructing the springs that no clip or hoop
is required to hold the plates together as is usually the case in springs composed
of several plates, and at the same time the bolt hole ordinarily required through
the centre of the spring is dispensed with the holes for bolts or rivets, preferably
two in number in springs made according to the said Invention being situate equi-
distant from the centre, which being the part most liable to fracture, is, by this arrange-
ment, left intact. In the construction of our improved springs we prefer to use
plates of a section forming a segment of a ring as being stronger and more easily
kept together when several are employed in the construction of a spring than
those of the section ordinarily adopted.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood we shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the several
Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents an elevation of a spring con-
structed according to our said Invention, and which is more especially applicable
to carriages and wagons, the same being shown attached the axle tree of a wagon.
Figure 2 is a similar view illustrating a modification of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are modifications more especially applicable to mangles.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 are cross sections of plates used in the construction of our
improved springs.
Referring to Figure 1 the spring A is composed of a series of plates a, which
are secured together by bolts B, situate away from the centre marked X, the
bottom plate a¹ is bent into an enlargement a² in order to attach the spring firmly
to the axle or other part of the carriage or waggon, and at the same time to relieve
as much as possible the strain on the centre X.
In Figure 2 the same construction of spring is shown, but in this case only three
plates are employed.
In order to render these springs suitable for use in a mangle or other similar
machines the springs are inverted as shewn in Figures 3 and 4.
According to the arrangement illustrated in Figure 3 a boss C, to take the
pressure of a screw end, is rivetted or otherwise fixed in the top of one of the plates
which is bent into an enlargement a², so as to distribute the pressure on that part
of the spring remote from the centre X.
In Figure 4 a modification of this arrangement is shewn, which consists of a
box C, which is secured to the top of an ordinary plate by means of a clip c.
Figures 5 and 6 are cross sections of the plates used in the construction of our
improved springs.
Figure 7 is a like section of the plates used in springs for mangles.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into

page_text: effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein before in
part recited Letters Patent is,―
Constructing springs for railway and other carriages, mangles, and other pur-
poses, substantially in the manner hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Lockwood and Henry Herbert
Andrew, have to this our Specification set our hands and seals, this Eleventh
day of March, One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
WILLIAM
LOCKWOOD.
(L.S.).
HENRY HERBERT ANDREWS. (L.S.)