A HYDRO-DYNAMIC BATTERY, OR NEW OR IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC APPARATUS, WHICH, WITH ITS PRODUCTS, ARE APPLICABLE TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER, OF LIGHT, AND OF HEAT
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Augustino Carosio at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th March 1853.
I, AUGUSTINO CAROSIO, of Genoa, now of Montague Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Doctor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A HYDRO-DYNAMIC BATTERY, OR NEW OR
IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC APPARATUS, WHICH, WITH ITS PRODUCTS, ARE
APPLICABLE TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER, OF LIGHT, AND OF HEAT,"
to be as follows:-
1 1. I form a galvanic battery of a peculiar kind, and whose elements,
or galvanic pairs, are different from those usually employed to produce
electric currents. These elements form the positive and negative poles.
I excite them to action by various substances.

page_text: 2. I form an apparatus wherein water is decomposed, and wherein
the oxygen and hydrogen gases are separated.
3. These two gases are gathered and condensed in two separate
receivers, which are calculated to sustain such numbers of atmospheres
as may be required. The gases are then introduced into separate
cylinders provided with pistons. After having produced the stroke, they
are collected and used over again, to reproduce the first elements of the
galvanic battery.
4. In the whole apparatus several elements, chemical combinations,
and substances are introduced, which increase its power to such an
extent that rapid, immense, and continuous quantities of gases are
generated, which may be substituted for steam in an ordinary steam
engine.
The same apparatus, with some modifications, produces light and heat.
In my Invention, the motive power is produced by the elastic and
expansive power of the gases, produced by the above-described means,
and by the increase of the mass under the same volume, according to
the theory of Mariotti.
PAPER A, in explanation of the Provisional Specification of Augustino
Carosio, of Genoa, now of Montague Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Doctor of Medicine, for "A HYDRO-DYNAMIC BATTERY,
OR NEW OR IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC APPARATUS, WHICH, WITH ITS
PRODUCTS, ARE APPLICABLE TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER, OF
LIGHT, AND OF HEAT."
My apparatus consists of three separate parts, two principal and one
secondary.
oug
The first I call the "combinator," wherein the combination of the
matters developed by the electric current takes place. The second, the
regenerator," wherein decomposition by means of the current takes
place in the same proportion. The third, the "multiplier," which re-
gulates the greater or less activity of the recomposition of the develop-
nent of the current and of the decomposition.
COMBINATOR.
1. The bodies which I combine chemically in the "combinator" to
produce the electric current are oxygen and hydrogen gas, following the

page_text: laws of electric polarisation. To produce recomposition in a constant
and continuous order, I arrange the parts of my combinator in the form
of a battery, thus:
2. I use two vessels of glass or other suitable insulating substance, of
the same height, but of different capacities, in the proportion of 2 to 1.
These vessels are placed in a receiver, also composed of some insulating
substance, the height of which rather exceeds the half of that of the
glass vessels. The capacity of the receiver is rather greater than that
of the two vessels together. The receiver is filled with water kept
slightly acidulated by sulphuric acid through insulated tubes. The
water rises under the glass vessels, and maintains a uniform level inside
and outside of them.
3. From the top of the vessels, or rather from their hermetically
closed covers, there hangs a thin blade of platinum of any desired shape,
which reaches to the bottom of the vessels, and has one half its length
in and the other half out of the acidulated liquid. The platinum
blades are united to a large silver conducting wire, which, passing
through the cover of the vessels, unites with the wire of the other blades,
with this general rule, that the wire of the blades of the vessel 1, of the
first receiver shall be in perfect contact with the wire of the blades of
the vessel 2, of the second receiver, and so on in succession, following
the order of galvanic batteries.
4. In the upper part of the vessels I make two openings, one smaller
than the other.
5. The narrower or smaller opening is only intended for pouring in
water to all parts from which air is to be expelled, in order to guard
against the possibility of ignition, and to provide easy access to oxygen
and hydrogen introduced from without when the apparatus is for the
first time to be set in action. All the water-containing spaces com-
municate at one point, where an opening is provided for the escape of
water on the admission of the gases, which drive out the water.
6. The larger opening is fitted with a tube for the purpose of intro-
ducing oxygen into vessel No. 1, and hydrogen into vessel No. 2.
7. All the tubes through which oxygen passes are perfectly separated
from those through which hydrogen passes. The oxygen-conveying pipes

page_text: open into a larger receiver, of a proportionate capacity, whence they obtain
their supply of oxygen, which enters the receiver from the regenerator,
to be herein-after described.
convey
the
oxygen and
open
8. The hydrogen-conveying tubes are also separated from those that
into another receiver, whence they obtain 5
their hydrogen, which is pumped into the receiver by means of pistons
from the cylinders of the engine.
9. To the prolongation or continuation of the silver wire of the first
platinum plate of the first element, and of the last platinum plate of the
last element, are attached the two conductors, "reophores," which 1
represent the positive and negative poles, and which are separately
connected with the regenerator, where the decomposition of water takes
place.
10. I prefer employing silver conductors (reophores) because they
have a stronger conducting power; and in order to set the current in
action at the most convenient point I wind them spirally round a steel
cylinder, which becomes a permanent magnet, and I thereby obtain an
electro-magnetic current.
11. I make use of the two gases in a state of igneous combustion,
when found desirable for the purpose of adding additional power to the
current, or of stimulating it; and, in order to effect this, I insert into
each of the vessels in the centre of the combinator (one of which
contains the hydrogen and the other the oxygen element) a small
platinum tube, through which a passage is afforded for the gases,
(which passage may be opened or shut by suitable stop cocks); at the
same time, these tubes conduct the electric current by their contact
with the platinum plates of the vessel. The mouths or outer ends of
hese two tubes approach each other near enough to allow of the two
ases uniting on their exit from the same. They are provided with a
etwork of platinum, so contrived that the hydrogen may occupy the
entre of the flame, and the oxygen the outside. When the stop cocks
re opened, and the hydrogen ignited, the thermo-electro-chemical
urrent is developed, and passes throughout the elements of the
ombinator.
12. In this combinator the two gases, following the law of chemical

page_text: affinities, assisted by the intermediate bodies, platinum and acidulated
water, become imponderable throughout the entire extent of their
contact with the platinum, pass through it, and combine together, so as
to form water at the junction in the acidulated water. The water thus
5 formed escapes through an opening in the receiver, and is carried by
a pipe into the barrel of a pump, whence it is continuously pumped
into the regenerator. The electric current given out by these gases in
this process of recomposition pass into a current as soon as the circuit
is closed by the removal of the impediment to their circulation.
0
13. The system of development of the thermo-electro-chemical
current also produces directly decomposition of the water in the regene-
rator, and I apply it to lighting and heating purposes, using it instead
of that now employed in the preparation of gas.
14. Following out my system, I intend, at some future period, to
form my combinator of two elements only.
15. These, then, are the principles on which my Invention is
founded:-
-
First, that according to the law I have enunciated, chemical com-
bination alone develops the current; and, in order to form this
combination, I make use of the combustion of the gases and the
conductibility of platinum, increased by contact with acidulated water.
As soon as the gases come in contact with the platinum, suitably
arranged in a circle, they "polarize," that is to say, become impon-
derable throughout the whole length of surface in contact, percolate
the platinum, and combine together, forming water at their junction
in the acidulated water. At this point they are deprived of the electri-
city which had hitherto kept them in a gaseous state, and which now
forms a current. As the practical application of my Invention requires
that the same quantity of gas should be presented to the platinum
surface as is absorbed, I have found it necessary to convey thither the
gases themselves, developed in the regenerator, after they have produced
the required mechanical effect.
I do not limit myself to the particular form of apparatus, vessels
receiver, plates, &c., herein-before described, which may be varied as
ound desirable.

page_text: 16. The conductors (reophores) or the battery are put in connection
with the electrodes or decomposing plates of the regenerator, by means
of a silver cap insulated from the acidulated water, with which they are
in perfect metallic contact.
17. The regenerator is a receiver, the inside of which is made of
some insulating material, divided into two compartments, carefully
separated from each other, so that the hydrogen gas which is in one
compartment may not mix with the oxygen gas which is developed in
the other compartment. Each compartment is kept filled with acidu-
lated water by the pump referred to in paragraph 12, and as the
compartment in which the hydrogen is produced should sustain the
pressure of as many atmospheres as may be considered desirable in
practice, it is necessary that the partition which separates the two
compartments, as also the sides of the receiver, should be strong
enough to resist such atmospheric pressure.
18. The partition not only separates the water and gas in one of the
receivers from the water and gas in the other receiver, but also allows
of, and even assists, the passage of the molecules of the hydrogen, which,
becoming imponderable in the vessel in which the oxygen is developed,
pass with the current through the separation, and becomes gas, which
is developed in the hydrogen compartment, and vice versa.
19. For this object construct the partition of a strong plate of
platinum or of clay, prepared so that it may be kept in a damp state,
and allow of the passage and junction of the molecules of the two gases
in a state of imponderability, and prevent as much as possible the
oozing produced by the stronger pressure on the hydrogen side. In order
to guard against this oozing, I pump into that compartment as much
water as has oozed away, until the water in each compartment is at
the same level. I ascertain the level of the water by means of a
manometer.
20. Each compartment is supplied with a coil of electrodes, each of
which is put in connection, by means of a silver cap, with the proper pole
of the battery. My electrodes are made of very thin platinum plates or

page_text: blades; and I so arrange them as to obtain the largest possible amount
of surface, keeping, however, the proper proportion to the recomposing
force of the whole of the plates or blades of the combinator, for which
reason I sometimes twist the blades spirally round glass cylinders,
5 placed vertically at the bottom of the regenerator.
21. The regenerator is hermetically closed in by a cover, which is
also divided into two compartments, and finishes off in two tubes,
intended to receive and carry off the two gases.
22. The tube which carries off the oxygen opens directly into the
o large oxygen receiver, to which I referred at paragraph 7. The capa-
city of this receiver should be proportionate not only to the absorbing
power of the whole platinum surface of the combinator, but also to the
number of atmospheres to which the pressure of the hydrogen is to be
raised.
23. The tube which conveys the hydrogen carries this gas into the
multiplier; from this multiplier the gas, raised to the required degree of
atmospheric pressure, passes into the cylinders of an engine, and having
actuated the piston, is transferred into its own receiver, the capacity of
which must not be less than the capacity of the cylinders multiplied by
the atmospheric pressure on the hydrogen, because, on leaving the
cylinders, that gas is raised to and kept at the same atmospheric
pressure as the oxygen.
24. As before stated, the form of the "combinator" may be vari-
ously modified without interfering with the laws which regulate the
decomposition of water, or the pressure or application of the hydrogen.
For example, in the "lucifer" combinator, which I have alluded in
paragraphs 11, and 13, in which the pressure of the gases is at one
atmosphere, the regenerator is in connexion with the receiver, and its
form may be modified when found desirable.
MULTIPLIER.
25. The multiplier is a metallic receiver, closed hermetically, its
sides being of sufficient thickness to resist the degree of atmospheric
pressure to which the hydrogen is raised. Unlike in the caloric
engine, in this apparatus there is no physical law to prevent any

page_text: amount of thickness being given to the sides, but it should be furnished
with a manometer for indicating the pressure of the hydrogen, and
regulating the same on opening and closing communication.
26. The hydrogen is conveyed into the multiplier through a tube of
the corresponding compartment of the regenerator, and it is conveyed
away from the multiplier into the cylinder of the machine by a similar
tube.
27. In order to raise the hydrogen to the required degree of atmo-
spheric pressure, the orifice of the tube has to be kept closed at the
point at which it passes into the cylinder; and hydrogen gas, developed 1
by known chemical means, is introduced into the receiver in proportion
as oxygen is introduced in the other receiver, and the combinator is to
be put in communication with the regenerator. The two gases are
recombined in the combinator, and are again separated in the regene-
rator. While the oxygen circulates throughout the apparatus, the
hydrogen is being formed, but does not circulate; on the other hand, it
condenses in the multiplier. The introduction of oxygen and hydrogen
is continued until the oxygen receivers are filled with that gas, which is
always at one atmospheric pressure, at which point the introduction of
gas ceases, and the hydrogen in the multiplier, and the tubes in com-
munication therewith, is at a degree of pressure regulated by the ratio
of space occupied by the hydrogen to that occupied at that time with
the hydrogen in communication with the multiplier.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
O filed by the said Augustino Carosio, in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 6th September 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
AUGUSTINO CAROSIO, of Genoa, now of Montague Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Doctor of Medicine, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and

page_text: grant unto me, the said Augustino Carosio, Her special licence that I,
the said Augustino Carosio, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Augustino Carosio, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
5 from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A HYDYO-DYNAMIC BATTERY,
OR NEW OR IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC APPARATUS, WHICH, WITH ITS
0 PRODUCTS, ARE APPLICABLE TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER, OF LIGHT,
AND OF HEAT," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Augustino Carosio, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
5 cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Augustino Carosio, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the illus-
trative drawings hereunto annexed (that is to say):
My Invention consists in apparatus or machinery for decomposing
water or other suitable liquid by means of electricity, obtained from an
5 electrical apparatus constructed on the principle of that known as
"Grove's Gas Battery," or of a battery similar thereto, and in employ-
ing separately the gases so obtained for the production of motive power
by their elastic force, and afterwards in recombining such gases in the
gas battery to form the liquid from which such gases were originally
produced; and in which recombination a current of electricity is
generated for decomposing the water or other liquid employed.
The apparatus which I have found to answer the purposes of my
Invention is represented in the drawings annexed.

page_text: RAWINGS.
Figure 1, is a plan of an apparatus and engine adapted for carrying
out my Invention; Figure 2, a side elevation; and Figure 3, an end
elevation of the same; Figure 4, is a section through the line A, B,
Figure 1; Figure 5, is a plan, partly in section, of one of the cells of 5
the gas battery, and of one of the vessels in which the gases are gene-
rated; Figure 6, is a transverse section through a portion of the gas
battery, and also through one of the vessels in which the gases are
generated; and Figure 7, is a longitudinal section of the same.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, are drawn to a scale of about an inch to a
foot; Figures 5, 6, and 7, are drawn to a scale of about two inches to
a foot; but the dimensions may be varied according to the power which
is required. Similar letters refer to similar parts in each figure.
The construction of the gas battery will be best understood by refer-
ring to Figures 5, 6, and 7. a, a, are cylindrical cells, formed of gutta
percha, earthenware, or other non-conductor or bad conductor of elec-
tricity. Each cell is divided longitudinally by a diaphragm e, of porous
earthenware; and each of the compartments H, O, so formed, contains
a series of plates of carbon b, b, or of platinised platinum. These plates
of carbon or platinum are each perforated with a hole, through which
passes a rod f, of earthenware or other non-conducting material, covered
with platinum foil or plate. The carbon plates are kept at a small
distance apart by means of washers of carbon or other suitable material.
The rod, with the carbon or platinum plates upon it, is fixed in one of
the compartments of each cell a; and a similar rod, with carbon plates
upon it, is fixed in the other compartment. Wires g, g, are connected
to the ends of the platinum foil or plate for conducting the electricity
from the cells a, a, to the platinum electrodes t, t, in the generating
cell c, as shewn in Figure 6. The platinum electrodes are made of
platinum foil or plate, bent backwards and forwards into a zig-zag form,
soldered to the metallic conductor, and fixed or cemented to a strip of
gutta percha to keep them in their proper form. All the compart-
ments H, of the battery cells, are connected by pipes h', h'; and all the
compartments O, of the same cells are connected together by pipes O', 0'.
The
compartments H, H, and O, O, are about half filled with acidulated

page_text: water, and the upper part of the compartments H, H, is filled with
hydrogen gas, while the upper part of the compartments O, O, is filled
with oxygen gas. The generating or decomposing cell c, is divided by
a porous earthenware diaphragm, like the battery cells, into two com-
partments H', O'; and these compartments are partly filled with acidu-
lated water, so as to cover the platinum electrodes t, t. The pipes r, r,
serve for the introduction and withdrawal of the acidulated water from
the different cells. The apparatus being so arranged, the effect will
be, that the hydrogen and oxygen gases in the battery cell will gradually
combine to form water, and, in doing so, will produce an electric current,
which will decompose the water in the generating cell c, converting it
into hydrogen and oxygen gases, which collect respectively in the com-
partments H', O'. The hydrogen gas passes through the pipes w, w,
into the main pipe a, and thence into the large reservoir E. The
oxygen gas passes through the pipes w', w', into the main pipe a¹, and
into the reservoir D. The oxygen gas is conveyed from the reservoir D,
by the pipe X, to an engine 011, constructed like an ordinary steam
engine; and the hydrogen gas is conducted in a similar manner by
the pipe X¹, to another engine H, having a cylinder of twice the
capacity of that of the engine 0111.
to one fly-wheel, by means of two
to each other on the fly-wheel shaft.
in the cylinders of the engines, are
and X, into the long cylindrical receivers Z, and Y, each of
5 which is traversed by one or more tubes, through which air or water
of the temperature of the atmosphere is passed in order to supply the
gases with the heat which they have lost in their expansion in the
cylinders of the engine. The gases may be still further heated by
artificial heat, if desired. The oxygen gas is conveyed from the
0 receiver Z, by the pipe k, to the compartments O, of the battery cells
while the hydrogen gas is conveyed in a similar manner by the pipe j, to
the compartments H, of the battery cells. The pipes j, and k, are
provided with cocks, which are connected to other cocks y, y, on the
pipes x, and a¹, so that all these cocks may be closed simultaneously
¡ when required. The gases are retained in the reservoirs D, and E
The two engines give motion
cranks fixed at right angles
The gases, after expanding
conveyed by the pipes X¹¹,

page_text: until they have accumulated so as to produce a considerable pressure,
and the starting-valves of the engines are then opened. These valves
are connected by an endless chain, or otherwise so that they may be
opened simultaneously. The engines are then put in motion by the
elastic force of the gases, which are allowed to enter the cylinders for a
portion only of the stroke, and are then cut off by the action of the
valves. The gases then expand until the pistons of the engines have
completed their stroke, and the expanded gases pass off into the
receivers Y, Z, and thence into the battery cells, where they are again
combined together, and by their combina on produce a current of 1
electricity which decomposes a fresh portion of water in the generating
cells c, thus keeping up a supply of gases for working the engine.
The reservoirs D, and E, are provided with safety-valves T, T', with
spring balances or weights for adjusting the pressure. The gases
which escape at these valves are not allowed to pass off into the
atmosphere, but are co veyed by pipes U, U¹, to the receivers Z and Y
so that they may not be wasted. As it is desirable to keep the oxygen
and hydrogen gases in the generating cells at the same pressure, the
two reservoirs D, and E, are connected by a pipe S; and this pipe and
the lower part of each reservoir are filled with water. V, and V¹, are
two floats, which float upon the water, and are connected respectively
to two throttle valves W, and W', which regulate the exit of the gases
in passing off to the engines. If the gas should accumulate in one
reservoir faster than in the other, the effect is to depress the float in that
reservoir, and to raise the float in the other. The throttle valve of the
first is thus opened, while that of the second is closed, and the pressure
of the gases is thus equalized. The pressure of the gases in the
battery cells is equalized by means of two inverted cylinders I, and l
which are connected by pipes h", and o", respectively, with the hydro-
gen and oxygen compartments of the last battery cells. The pistons
m, m', of these cylinders are connected by the piston rods p, p, to the
two horizontal arms of a T shaped lever, on the vertical stem of which
is fixed a weight q. Each cylinder has an exit pipe n, which is closed
by the piston when the whole is in equilibrium. If, however, the
pressure of one of the gases becomes greater than that of the other, the

page_text: gas,
piston which is exposed to the greatest pressure will descend, and pass-
ing the exit pipe n, will allow of the escape of a portion of the
until the pressure of the two gases becomes equal or nearly so, when
the weight q, will again bring the pistons into their normal position,
5 and close the exit pipe. The generating cells, like the battery cells,
are charged with acidulated water; but, as the water only is converted
into gas,
while the acid remains, the consequence is, that the acidulated
water diminishes in quantity, but becomes more concentrated. The
contrary effect takes place in the battery cells, where the combination
of the gases produces water, which dilutes and increases the volume
of the acidulated water contained in those cells. In order to keep
the cells supplied, and to renew the acid in them, a cistern F,
is placed above the apparatus, and connected by pipes G, and
G¹, and cocks I, K, K', K", with the long pipes r, r, 11, 2111,
which convey the acidulated water to the cells. L, M, M', M", are
other cocks for regulating the escape of the acidulated water, which
passes off into cisterns P, P. Q, Q, are pumps worked by the en-
gines, which raise the acidulated water through the suction pipes P', P¹,
and deliver it through the pipes Q', Q', into the cistern F. In order to
prevent a continuous conducting column of liquid being established by
the streams of acidulated water falling from the pipes Q', Q', into the
cistern F, a rocking bucket R, made of gutta percha, and divided into
two compartments, is placed under the pipes Q', Q'. The streams of acid
are thus insulated from the cistern F; and when one compartment of
the bucket is filled, it tips over suddenly, and discharges its contents
into the cistern F. The other compartment then fills, and the bucket
tips back again, and so on. Similar rocking buckets N, are placed to
receive the acidulated water flowing into the cistern P, P. In the
preceding description water has been mentioned as the liquid to be
decomposed in the generating cells, and again recomposed in the
battery cells; but other liquids may be employed, provided that they
are of such a nature as to be converted into gases, which will again
combine together in the battery cells, and produce a current of elec
tricity capable of decomposing the liquid employed. The water i
acidulated with sulphuric acid, or other suitable acid, in order t
render it a better conductor of electricity, and accelerate the action

page_text: The pipes and cells which contain or are in contact with the acidulated
water, may be conveniently made of gutta percha. When the pressure
in the generating cells is too great to be safely borne by the gutta
percha alone, each cell may be enclosed in a sheet-iron case, fitted
closely to it; the case will then serve to resist the bursting pressure,
while the gutta percha serves as a lining for the case. The height of
the liquid in the cells is indicated by glass tube gauges, similar to
those commonly employed for steam boilers. In order to supply any
deficiency in the quantity of gas, by leakage or otherwise, a magneto-
electrical machine, driven by the engines, may be applied to decompose
water, or the liquid which is employed, and thus obtain a supply of the
required gases. The gases thus obtained may be employed for the
production of light and heat, by burning them together in the oxy-
hydrogen blow pipe, and directing the flame upon a piece of lime, as is
well understood. An electric current may at the same time be
obtained from the combustion of the gases, by constituting a battery,
which I denominate the "Lucifer Battery."
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same may be performed, I declare that I claim
the apparatus and machinery, whether identical with that herein-
before described, or acting on the principle thereof, for the decom-
position of water or other liquid into oxygen and hydrogen gases, or
other gases, to be separately employed in the production of motive
power by the elastic force of such gases acting on a piston or pistons,
and for recombining such gases, after having so acted, into water or
other liquid, and for producing, in such recombination, an electric
current for decomposing water or other liquid, and so repeating the
above series of operations, all as herein-before fully described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Augustino Carosio, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of September, One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-three.
MEDICO AUGUSTINO CAROSIO. (L.S.)