PROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR JOURNALS IN COMBINATION WITH LUBRICATING AXLE BOXES FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1860

page_text: Cate Agent, 101
PROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR JOURNALS IN COMBINATION WITH LUBRICATING AXLE
BOXES FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES."-A communication from
abroad by Mr. James Hervey Deming, of Paris, in the Empire of
France, Gentleman.
Sealed the 24th July 1860, and dated the 7th April 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th April 1860.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer & Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES OR JOURNALS IN COMBINATION WITH LUBRICATING
AXLE BOXES FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER, CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
The object of the said Invention is to prevent the escape of oil from the
railroad and other like journal boxes in general.
Various attempts have been made to prevent the escape of oil from the
boxes of railroad cars where the axle enters the box, but all such attempts

page_text: have, so far as I am informed, failed to produce the required result. In some
axle boxes friction rollers are placed in the upper part of the box bearing on
the journal of the axle and for the purpose of keeping the journals of the
said rollers well oiled at all times, the journal of the axle is provided with
projecting shoulders at each end, carrying bristles or other equivalent means 5
which in the revolution dip into the oil contained in the lower part of the box,
and carry it up and apply it to the journals of the rollers in question. This,
it is found in practice, has a strong tendency to waste the oil at the opening
where the oil emerges from box, however it may be packed.
The escape of the oil is effectually prevented by this Invention, which 1
consists in combining with the journal box and journal a cone upon the axle
interposed between the journal and the face of the box through which the
axle passes, the base or larger end of said cone being towards the journal, by
means of which combination all the oil which gets on the axle, and which
otherwise would travel along the surface of the axle, and finally escape from 1
the box is caused by centrifugal action to travel up towards the base of the
cone, and is thereby retained within the box, and when applied to journals and
boxes, such as above mentioned, the same action carries the oil where it is
required to supply the journal of the friction rollers.
In the accompanying Drawing, which is a vertical section taken in the
plane of the axis of the journal, a represents the box, made in two parts,
firmly bolted together, and 6 the axle, with the journal or bearing part c
between projecting shoulders or collars d, d, which collars are provided with
bristles e or other projections, which dip in the oil contained in the lower part
of the box. There are two rollers f, f, (one only shown in the Drawing)
which rest on the journal c of the axle, and the upper part of the box is pro-
vided with small bearing surfaces 9, 9, which rest on the journals h, h, of
these rollers, leaving the lower part of their peripheries exposed to receive
oil from the bristles or equivalents c, so that by the rotation of the axle the
oil contained in the lower part is constantly carried up and supplied to the
journals of the rollers to keep them oiled. The axle 6 passes through a
circular hole in the inner face i of the box, which is provided in the usual
manner with a leather packing j fitted to groove k in the axle to prevent dirt
from entering the box, and also to prevent oil escaping; but oil travels so
readily on the surface of metals that the use of such leather packing is not
alone an effectual means to prevent the escape of oil. Between the leather
packing and the collar d, and at that end of the journal I made the axle
of a conical form, as at 1, the said collar d forming the base of the cone, so

page_text: that the oil which is thrown on to the surface of this conical part, and which
if not of that form would find its way out of the box, is caused, by the
rotation of the axle and by centrifugal action, to travel towards the base
of the cone, and hence away from the packing; in this way the waste is
effectually prevented.
I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the special con-
struction of box herein specified, as the box forms no part of this Invention.
What I claim as the Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,
the combination of the cone with the journal and the journal box, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose specified, the said cone being situated between
the inner shoulder of the journal, and the face of the box, and with the base
towards the journal, as described.
And I also claim the said cone on the axle in combination with the box
provided with friction rollers, the journals of which are supplied with oil by
projections on the axle, which by the rotation carry up the oil from the lower
part of the box, and apply it to the journals of the said rollers, the said
cone having the effect to catch the oil which is scattered by the operation of
lubricating the journals of the rollers, and carry it back into the box, as
specified.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th
October 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Clark, Her special licence that I, the said William Clark,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,

page_text: the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AXLES OR JOURNALS IN COMBINATION WITH LUBRICATING BOXES FOR RAILWAY
AND OTHER CARRIAGES," a communication from abroad by Mr. James Hervey
Deming, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Gentleman, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Clark, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clark, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
The object of the said Invention is to prevent the escape of oil from
railway axle and other like journal boxes in general.
Various attempts have been made to prevent the escape of oil from the
axle boxes of railway carriages where the axle enters the box, but all such
attempts have, so far as I am informed, failed to produce the required result.
In some axle boxes friction rollers are placed in the upper part of the box
bearing on the journal of the axle, and for the purpose of keeping the
journals of the said rollers well oiled at all times, the journal of the axle is
provided with projecting shoulders at each end, carrying bristles or other
equivalent means, which in the revolution dip into the oil contained in the
lower part of the box, and carry it up, & apply it to the journals of the rollers
in question. This, it is found in practice, has a strong tendency to waste the
oil at the opening where the axle emerges from the box, however it may be
packed.
The escape of the oil is effectually prevented by this Invention, which con-
sists in combining with the journal box and journal a cone upon the axle,
interposed between the journal and the face of the box through which the
axle passes, the base or larger end of the said cone being towards the journal.
By means of this combination all the oil which gets on the axle, and which
otherwise would travel along the surface of the axle, and finally escape from
the box, is caused by centrifugal action to travel up towards the base of the
cone, and is thereby retained within the box, and when applied to journals

page_text: and boxes, such as above mentioned, the same action carries the oil where it
is required to supply the journal of the friction rollers.
In the accompanying Drawing, which is a vertical section taken in the
plane of the axis of the journal, a represents the box made in two parts,
firmly bolted together, and 6 the axle, with the journal or bearing part c
between projecting shoulders or collars d, d, which collars are provided with
bristles e or other projections, which dip in the oil contained in the lower part
of the box. There are two rollers f. f. (one only shown in the Drawing)
which rest on the journal c of the axle, and the upper part of the base is
provided with small bearings h, h, for these rollers, leaving the lower part of
their peripheries exposed to receive oil from the bristles or equivalents e, so
that by the rotation of the axle the oil contained in the lower part is con-
stantly carried up and supplied to the journals of the rollers to keep them
oiled. The axle passes through a circular hole in the inner face i of the box,
which is provided in the usual manner with a leather packing j, fitted to a
groove in the axle, to prevent dirt from entering the box, and also to prevent
oil from escaping, but oil travels so easily on the surface of metals that the
use of such leather packing is not alone an effectual means to prevent the
escape of oil. Between the leather packing j and the collar d, and at that
end of the journal, I make the axle of a conical form, as at 7, the said
collar d forming the base of the cone, so that the oil which is thrown on to
the surface of this conical part, and which, if not of that form, would find its
way out of the box, is caused, by the rotation of the axle and by centrifugal
action, to travel toward the base of the cone, and hence away from the packing;
in this way the waste is effectually prevented.
Having described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I do not wish to be understood as limiting the application
of this Invention to the special construction of box herein specified, as the
box forms no part of this Invention; but what I claim as the Invention, and
O desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,― -
The combination of the cone with the journal and the journal box, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose specified, the said cone being situated between
the inner shoulder of the journal and the face of the box, and with the base
towards the journal, as described.
5 And I also claim the said cone on the axle in combination with the box
provided with friction rollers, the journals of which are supplied with oil by
projections on the axle, which by the rotation carry up the oil from the lower
part of the box, and apply it to the journals of the said rollers, the said cone

page_text: having the effect of catching the oil which is scattered by the operation of
lubricating the journals of the rollers, and carrying it back into the box, as
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord One 5
thousand eight hundred & sixty.
Witness,
W. G. E. SWINNOCK,
53, Chancery Lane.
W. CLARK. (L.S.)