Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1886.
Complete Left, 25th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 11th Oct., 1887.
We GEORGE ALLAN of Corngreaves Hall in the County of Stafford Iron Master and
THOMAS TURNER of Corngreaves Iron Works in the same County Mechanical Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of the improvements herein after described in the manufacture
of anvils whereby anvils are produced of a quality superior to that of anvils made of
steel or iron in the ordinary way.
In manufacturing an anvil according to our invention we make a solid casting of
steel in a sand or iron mould. The steel we employ is of a kind which may be
hardened by the ordinary process of heating and quenching in water.
The casting
we make has nearly but not exactly the form which it is intended the finished anvil
shall have. That is to say while the said casting has the general figure of an anvil
the parts called the "butt" and the "bick" are not made by the casting process of
the form which they are required to have in the finished anvil. The said parts are
cast shorter and of greater depth and thickness than they have in the finished
anvil.
The parts of the casting last referred to are by forging or "smithing" brought
into the required shape and the "butt" and "bick" thus produced are in consequence
of the hammering to which the steel in a heated state has been subjected brought
into a state of soundness and toughness unattainable by the casting process alone.
The face of the anvil may also be hammered or "smithed and the quality of the
steel forming the face thereby improved. Or where it is thought desirable the face
of the anvil may be formed of a plate of steel of a quality susceptible of being made
very hard by the hardening process. For ordinary purposes however the addition of
a facing of the kind referred to is unnecessary.
After the anvil has been made in the way described it is hardened in the usual way
and the parts requiring to be bright are finished by the process or processes ordinarily
employed for that purpose.
T
1
D
100%
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: We GEORGE ALLAN of Corngreaves Hall, in the County of Stafford, Iron Master,
and THOMAS TURNER of Corngreaves Iron Works in the same County Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Our invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the manufacture
of anvils whereby anvils are produced of a quality superior to that of anvils made of
steel or iron or steel and iron in the ordinary way.
In manufacturing an anvil according to our invention we make a solid casting of
steel in a sand or iron mould. The steel we employ is of a kind which may be
hardened by the ordinary process of heating to redness and quenching in water.
The casting we make has nearly but not exactly the form which it is intended the
finished anvil shall have. That is to say while the said casting has the general
figure of an anvil the parts called the "butt" and the "bick" or beak are not inade
by the casting process of the form which they are required to have in the finished
anvil. The said parts are cast shorter and of greater depth and thickness than they
have in the finished anvil.
The parts of the casting last referred to are by forging or "smithing" brought into
the required shape and the "butt" and "bick "thus produced are in consequence of
the hammering to which the steel in a heated state has been subjected brought into a
state of soundness and toughness unattainable by the casting process alone.
The face of the anvil may also be hammered or "smithed" and the quality of the
steel forming the face thereby improved.
When the steel employed in forming the casting is a mild steel not susceptible of
being made very hard by the hardening process of heating and quenching in water
we prefer to form the face of the anvil of a plate of steel of a quality susceptible of
being made very hard by being heated to redness and quenched in water. Steel of
the kind known in commerce as crucible steel answers well for this purpose.
In forming the face of the anvil of steel capable of being made very hard by the
hardening process we prefer to connect the said face with the body of the anvil in the
casting process. To effect this we place the plate of steel of which the face of
the anvil is to be made at the bottom of the mould in which the anvil is cast, the
anvil being cast in a inverted position. By this method that is, by placing the plate
of steel at the bottom of the mould and allowing the melted steel to flow upon it, we
secure a more perfect junction of the molten steel with the plate of steel than can be
obtained if the anvil is cast in an upright position as in this latter case the plate of
steel has to be supported at the top of the mould and molten steel only comes into
contact with it when the mould has been filled or nearly filled with the melted steel.
The contact of the melted steel with the steel plate is in this case less intimate and the
junction less sound than when the steel plate is at the bottom of the mould and the

page_text: anvil is cast in an inverted position. We do not however limit ourselves to any
particular positions in casting the anvil.
For ordinary purposes however the addition of a facing of the kind referred to is
unnecessary.
After the anvil has been made in the way described it is hardened in the usual way
and the parts requiring to be bright are finished by the process or processes ordinarily
employed for that purpose.
*
There are kinds of steel which are sufficiently hard after casting and which are not
injuriously softened by the heating necessary for the forging of the butt and
"bick" and when we employ steel of this kind we dispense with the hardening
process.
We do not consider it necessary to describe in detail the casting and hardening
processes which we employ in carrying our invention into effect as the said processes
are well known and commonly practised.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim as our
invention of "Improvements in the manufacture of anvils "
First Forming the body of the anvil and the parts to be afterwards made into the
"butt" and "bick" of the anvil of steel by the casting process and afterwards
fashioning the "butt" and "bick" by the process of forging and consolidating or
improving the quality of the steel forming the face of the anvil by hammering and
where desirable hardening the anvil by the ordinary steel hardening process sub-
stantially as herein before described.
Secondly Forming theo face of the anvil of a plate of steel of a kind capable of
being made harder by the hardening process than the steel of which the body of the
anvil is made, the said plate of steel for forming the face of the anvil being connected
to the body of the anvil preferably by the casting process substantially as herein before
described.
Doted this Twenty third day of Avonst 1807