IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Knowles, of Hollingrove, near Bury, in
the County of Lancaster, Joiner, and William Ogilvie, of the City of
Manchester, in the said County, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS."
Sealed the 9th July 1858, and dated the 11th January 1858..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Knowles and
William Ogilvie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th January 1858.
We, THOMAS KNOWLES, of Hollingrove, near Bury, in the County of
Lancaster, Joiner, and WILLIAM OGILVIE, of the City of Manchester, in the
said County, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS," to be as follows:-
Our said Invention relates, firstly, to an improved shuttle-box motion. On
the tappet shaft. we place a pin wheel acting in the ordinary star wheel; con-
nected to the pin wheel or on its shaft we employ a cam, which acts, when
required, upon hooked catches or levers, the hooks of which come in contact
with tumblers to which cams are connected, both being attached to a frame
in connection with the slay sword, and consequently moving to and fro with it.
The cams revolve as required, according to the pattern, and act upon a rod
connected to the shuttle boxes, raising or falling them as desired. The afore-
said levers.are regulated as required by means of a strap or chain perforated

page_text: according to the pattern, and passing over a perforated boss or pulley, or a
similar boss with pattern pins being adapted for smaller patterns, or any other
suitable. regulating movement may be employed..
Secondly, to an improved shaft motion for forming the shed. To each of
the upper and lower jacks we connect one end of a cord or chain, the other
end of which is fastened to a bell crank, segmental, or other pulley con-
nected with a hooked rod, which can be raised as required by a pattern wheel
or drum when the hooked rods are not raised; they are moved horizontally by
means of arms, bars, or levers, having motion given them from the crank
shaft or other moving part of the loom imparting the required motion to
the jacks and shed; or, the hooked rods may be acted on when they are
down by making the pattern wheel perforated instead of by projections.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Knowles and William Ogilvie in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th July 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
KNOWLES, of Hollingrove, near Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Joiner, and
WILLIAM OGILVIE, of the City of Manchester, in the said County, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Thomas Knowles and William Ogilvie, Her special licence, that
we,, the said Thomas, Knowles and William Ogilvie, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Knowles and
William Ogilvie, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise,, and, vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN LOOMS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the. said
Thomas Knowles and William Ogilvie, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe, and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,, and in
what manner the same was. to be performed, and cause the same to. be. filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Knowles and William Ogilvie,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) ::
Our Invention consists, firstly, of an improved shuttle-box motion; and
modifications thereof. On the tappet shaft we place a pin wheel acting in the
ordinary star wheel for giving motion to a pattern drum, chain, or belt..
Connected to the pin wheel or on the tappet shaft is a cam, which gives
intermittent motion to levers having hooks or catches, which, when desired,
come in contact with and put in motion certain tumblers working in a bearing
or bearings in an arm or frame connected with the slay or lathe, and con-
sequently moving with it. The tumblers as they revolve either way give
motion to external or internal cams acting on a rod connected to the shuttle
boxes, thereby raising or falling them according to the pattern required. The
aforesaid levers are regulated by means of perforations in the drum, chain, or
belt, the latter passing over a perforated drum or pulley. A similar drum
with pattern pins is also adapted for small patterns; or instead of the star
wheel we employ a ratchet wheel for giving motion to the pattern drum, chain,
or belt, and place it in any convenient position for acting on the hooked levers:
Secondly, in an improved shedding motion. To the upper and lower jacks we
connect one end of cords or chains, having their other ends attached to pulleys,
bell cranks, or segments connected to hooked rods, which can be raised by a
pattern wheel or drum, so as not to give any motion to the jacks or healds,
and thereby vary the pattern of the cloth. When the hooked rods are not
raised, they are moved to and fro by means of arins, bars, or levers, having
motion given to them from the crank shaft or other moving part of the loom,
thus imparting the required movement to the jacks and shed; or, the hooked.
rods may be acted on when they are down by perforations in the pattern wheel,.
instead of by projections upon it.
The manner in which the first part of our said Invention is to be performed
will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,.
with the figures and letters of reference thereon. Fig. 1 is a front, and Fig. 2
an end view of one of our improved arrangements' for working two or more
shuttle boxes; Fig. 3, detached parts of the same; Fig. 4, a front; and Fig. 5
an end view of another arrangement of shuttle-box motion, Fig. 6 being a part
detached; Figs. 7, 8, and 9 also represent another modification for the same
purpose.

page_text: In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, a represents one of the end frames of an ordinary'
loom; b, the crank shaft; c, the tappet shaft; d, the slay or lathe; 'and e, the '
shuttle boxes. On the tappet shaft c is the pin wheel f, giving motion as it
revolves to the star wheel g, to which is attached the perforated pattern drum h,
working either alone or driving a perforated pattern chain or strap. On the
tappet shaft there is a cam i, giving when the loom is at work a continual up-
and-down movement to the hooked levers k, working on the fulcrum / attached
to the loom side. To the slay d and rocking shaft m we attach the arm or
frame n, in which works the internal cam o, connected to the tumbler p and
toothed wheel 2. into which is geared another toothed wheel r, also furnished
with a tumbler s. In the groove of the cam there is a pin t fixed to the'
lever u, working at one end on the stud v, and connected at the other to the
shuttle boxes e. The cam is made to revolve either way by the tumblers:
coming in contact with the hooks w of the levers k, the movements, of which
are governed by the perforations in the pattern drum or belt, each lever being
furnished with a pin a, which falls into one of the apertures y, when its'
corresponding hook is required to rise and come in the way of the tumbler.:
When no change is required, the pin rests upon the surface of the drum or
belt. It will be seen that when the upper lever is in work the cam moves in
the direction of the arrow, and when the lower one, the movement of the cam
is reversed by means of the action of the toothed wheels. The spring z is
employed simply to keep the parts steady after the changes.
In Figs. 4, 5, and 6 we shew the application of external cams for changing
the positions of the boxes. To the slay and rocking shaft is attached the arm
or frame a, having a bearing for the tumblers b and c, which are connected to
the cams d and e, the shaft of one passing through the other, so that when
motion is given to the tumblers the cams move with them, giving by means of.
the rod fa direct lift to the shuttle boxes. The tumblers are placed side by
side, and are operated upon by the hooks g of the levers h, having pins i, which.
either rest upon the surface or fall into apertures in the pattern drum or belt,
so as to cause the hooks to clear or come in contact with the tumblers. The'
levers h are moved at each turn of the tappet shaft by means of the tappet or
cam k, in order to raise the pins from the apertures and allow the working of
the pattern drum, which latter is connected to the ratchet wheel 7 put in
motion by the catch or ratchet m at one end of the lever n, the other end
being acted upon by the eccentric o on the tappet shaft.
In Figs. 7; 8, and 9 we shew the application of an internal cam acting
directly upon the shuttle boxes without the intervention of a lever. The cam
is represented at a attached to the toothed wheel 6 and tumbler c, the shaft of
°

page_text: which works in a bearing in the vibrating arm d. Geared into the toothed
wheel is another toothed wheel e, with a tumbler f attached to it. Motion
is given to the cam either way by the tumblers coming in contact with the
hooked levers g, the movements of which are governed by the perforated
pattern drum or belt h and tappet i, precisely the same as in Figs. 4, 5, and 6.
When the upper hook is in contact with the upper tumbler, the cam moves in
the direction of the arrow, and when the lower tumbler catches the lower hook
a reverse motion is given to the cam.
Although in the Drawings we shew the application of two tumblers and
hooked levers, it is evident that for simple patterns one tumbler and lever may
be employed with great advantage, and also that the hooked levers and
tumblers may operate upon a chain of cams working on pullies on the
vibrating arm.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be distinctly
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein set
forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the principle
thereof; but we claim as our Invention, and which to the best of our
knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm, the
arrangements and modifications of shuttle-box motions, and also the shedding
motion, as herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Knowles, for and on behalf of
myself and the said William Ogilvie, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Thomas Knowles,
in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
THOMAS KNOWLES. (L.B.)