IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRAINING PLOUGHING AND CULTIVATING LAND
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Eddington, junior, of Chelmsford, in the
County of Essex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
DRAINING PLOUGHING AND CULTIVATING LAND"
Sealed the 2nd April 1861, and dated the 24th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Eddington at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th.
October 1860.
I, WILLIAM EDDINGTON, junior, of Chelmsford, in the County of Essex,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY.
FOR DRAINING, PLOUGHING, AND CULTIVATING LAND," to be, as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for draining,
ploughing, and cultivating land. For these purposes a carriage is used, which,
by preference, is, mounted on four wheels, two hind wheels and two fore.
wheels, the fore wheels being of smaller diameter than the hind wheels, and
they are arranged to lock. On.this carriage two drums or barrels are mounted.
on two upright. parallel shafts or axes, which receive motion from a steam.
engine in the following manner: The steam engine and boiler. are con-
structed with their own bed. plate or frame in such manner that such bed plate
or frame, may be at one end connected. to the carriage by a shaft or axis, and.
-

page_text: at the other end supported by a screw or screws, or otherwise in such manner
that such end may be raised and lowered, so that the engine and boiler may
be maintained in a horizontal line when ascending and descending a hill, as
well as when the carriage is on a flat road or land. The steam engine or
engines give motion to a shaft on which there is a drum, which by a strap or
band gives motion to a drum on a transverse shaft or axis carried by the carriage.
On this transverse shaft is a change wheel, which gears into a wheel on a second
transverse shaft, on which there is a bevil pinion which gears into and gives
motion to a bevil wheel on one of two upright shafts or axes, which at their
lower ends are geared together by two toothed wheels. On the second trans-
verse shaft are two pinions capable of turning thereon, but also of being
turned. therewith; these two pinions give motion to two cog wheels on two
shafts having pinions on them, which gear into and drive the cog wheels on
the two hind wheels of the carriage, and the two pinions on the second trans-
verse shaft are so arranged that they may be used one separate from the other,
It is
or the two may be used together, or they may be both out of gear. pre-
ferred that the pinions which drive the hind wheels of the carriage should
work into wheels with internal teeth, but this is not essential. Each of the two
upright shafts, above mentioned, has on it a pinion arranged to turn thereon,
and also to revolve therewith, and these pinions gear respectively, into the two
cog wheels on the drums or barrels, so that either of those drums or barrels
may be driven separately, or both may be driven at the same time.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Eddington in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDDINGTON, junior, of Chelmsford, in the County of Essex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Eddington, Her special licence that I, the said William Eddington,.my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Eddington, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make, use,

page_text: exercise, and yend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRAINING, PLOUGHING, AND CULTIVATING LAND," upon.
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Eddington, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Eddington, do bereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
....
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for draining,
ploughing, and cultivating land. For these purposes a carriage is used, which
by preference is mounted on four wheels, two hind wheels and two fore wheels,
the fore wheels being of smaller diameter than the hind wheels, and they are
arranged to lock. On this carriage two drums or barrels are mounted on two
upright parallel shafts or axes, which receive motion from a steam engine in,
the following manner:-The steam engine' and boiler are constructed with,
their own bed plate or frame in such manner that such bed plate or frame may
be at one end connected to the carriage by a shaft or axis, and at the other
end supported by a screw or screws, or otherwise in such manner that such
end may be raised and lowered, so that the engine and boiler may be main-
tained in a horizontal line when ascending and descending a,hill as well as when
the carriage is on a flat road. or land. The steam engine or engines give motion
to a shaft on which there is a drum, which by a strap or band gives motion to
a drum on a transverse shaft or axis carried by the carriage. On this transverse
shaft is a change wheel, which gears into a wheel on a second transverse shaft,
on which there is a bevil pinion which gears into and gives motion to a bevil
wheel on one of two upright shafts or axes, which at their lower ends are geared,
together by two toothed wheels. On the second transverse, shaft are, two,
pinions capable of turning thereon, but also of being turned therewith; these,
two pinions give motion to two cog wheels on two shafts, having pinions on
them which gear into and drive the cog wheels on the two hind wheels of the
carriage, and the two pinions on the second transverse shaft are so arranged
that they may be used one separate from the other, or the 'two may be used
together, or they may be both out of gear. It is preferred that the pinions.

page_text: which drive the hind wheels of the carriage should work into wheels with
internal teeth, but this is not essential. Each of the two upright shafts, above
mentioned, has on it a pinion arranged to turn thereon, and also to revolve
therewith; and these pinions gear respectively into the two cog wheels on the
drums or barrels, so that either of those drums or barrels may be driven
separately, or both may be driven at the same time.
And in order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view; Figure 2, a plan; and Figure 3, a transverse sec-
tion of a machine, constructed according to my Invention.
:
a, a, is the framing of the carriage; this framing is mounted on four wheels,
the two foro wheels, which are of smaller diameter than the other wheels, are
arranged to lock, and they can be locked in one or other direction by the hand
wheel Z. On the carriage a is mounted a steam engine c; the engine is sup-
ported near one of its ends on the axis d, and at the other end it is supported
by the screw e, by means of which this end of the engine can be raised or
lowered, and the boiler be thus kept horizontal. On the driving shaft of the
engine is a toothed wheel f, which gears with a toothed wheel ġ, fixed on one
end of the transverse shaft d; this shaft at its other end gives motion by
change wheels, not, shewn in the Drawing, to the shaft h, so that the speed at
which the shaft h is driven may be varied. In place of giving motion to: the
shaft d by toothed wheels it may be driven by a band, as above described. On
the shaft h is a bevil'pinion i, which gives motion to a bevil wheel on: the
upright axis ; on this axis there is a toothed wheel 'm, which gears with
another toothed wheel m¹, of like size, on another upright axis l', so that the
two axes 1, 1, revolve at the same speed. On each of the axes 1, 11, is a
pinion n; these pinions are capable of turning freely on the axes, but they c
be caused to turn with them by means of the clutches 'n','n', worked by the
handles n³, n²; each of the pinions n gears with one of the toothed wheels o, o,
on the drums p, p, so that by causing one or other of the pinions n to revolve
with their axes one or other of the drums can be caused to revolve, or both
drums may be caused to revolve at the same time; these drums are for the
purpose of giving motion to ropes for hauling ploughs or other, agricultural
implements. In order to give motion from the engine to the hinder pair of
wheels on which the carriage runs to propel the carriage forwards, there are
on the transverse shaft h two pinions r, r, which are capable of 'turning freely
on the shaft, but which can also be caused to turn therewith by means of

page_text: clutches, ; the pinions r, r, gear with two cog wheels 8, 8, on two shafts t, t;
on these shafts are pinions t, t, which gear with toothed wheels u, u, on the
hinder or driving wheels of the carriage. By this means by causing one or
other of the pinions to turn with the shaft h, one or other of the driving
wheels may be caused to turn without the other, or by causing both pinions to
turn with the shaft both wheels may be driven at the same time.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
Firstly, the mounting a steam engine on a carriage having winding drums
applied to it, as herein described, in such manner that one end of the engine
can be raised or lowered to keep the boiler in a horizontal position.
And, secondly, I claim the manner herein described of applying change
wheels for varying the speed at which the winding drums or the wheels of the
carriage are driven by the engine.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Eddington, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
WILLIAM EDDINGTON, JUN. (L.S.)