IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE MOULDING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: 1 JOHN JAMES CLARET Engineer 339 Albany Rd London S.E. do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE MOULDING MACHINES
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to machines for moulding candles with self fitting ends and
consists of a method of constructing, fixing, and operating the Cones forming the
Self fitting ends in such a manner as to allow of working with Continuous Wicking,
and,
A form of Clamps specially adapted for receiving candles having such Self
fitting ends.
According to this invention the Moulds, which are fixed in the usual manner
in a Water Box of the ordinary construction, have the upper portion of their
internal diameter enlarged sufficiently to receive the cones which I form in three
or more segments. To the lower end of these segments of cones are attached
springs of flat section but curved in the direction of their length which slide in
correspondingly formed channels or groves extending below the enlarged portion
of mould or cone chamber in which the segments of cones are contained; or,
Instead of employing springs as above, the segments of Cones may have ribs of
dovetail, or other suitable section, formed on their backs.
These dovetail projections are made a good sliding fit in similarly shaped grooves
formed in the sides of the enlarged upper portion or chamber of Moulds, this
enlarged portion being in both cases conical.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that, on the candles being expolled
from the Moulds their fluted, conical, or Self fitting, ends carry with them the
segments of cones which, as the candles rise open, or spread apart, in the one case
in consequence of the action of the curved springs, & in the other owing to the
dovetail ribs sliding in the grooves formed in the inclined or conical sides of cone
chambers.
In either of the above arrangements the segments of cones do not leave the
Moulds entirely but only rise a sufficient distance to allow the candles to pass out
of the Moulds, the cone segments being then returned to their original position by
and, or by a perforated plato disposed above them which plate may be operated
rom the Driving Board, or other suitable arrangement,
DC31

page_text: The Clamps consist of two Wooden bars or checks disposed parallel to each
other & capable of motion either of recession or approach with referenco to each
other.
These wooden bars have formed on their inner faces semicircular notches or half
holes for the reception of the candles.
Disposed between the above described wooden cheeks is a flat bar similar to
those in present use.
This bar is supported in the space formed by two guides shaped like the
letter laid horizontally & fixed to the two wooden cheeks the arrangement
being such that when the line of width of bar is vertical the checks can, under the
influence of springs recede from each other sufficiently to allow the candles to
pass up between them, but on rotating the bar on its longitudinal axis so that its
direction of width lies at right angles to its former position, the candles are pressed
into the beforementioned half holes with sufficient force to retain them in position
during removal from machine.
In order to avoid injuring the surface of the candles, the before-mentioned bar is
covered with India-rubber, Felt, or other suitable material.

page_text: I JOHN JAMES CLARET Mechanical Engineer 339 Albany Road Camberwell
London S.E do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN CANDLE MOULDING MACHINES and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention refers more particularly to Machines for moulding candles having
Self Fitting Ends, and includes a method of constructing, fixing, and operating,
the cones for forming the said Self Fitting Ends which allows of working with
"Continuous Wicking;" and,
A form of Clamps specially adapted for receiving & holding candles having such
Self Fitting Ends.
According to this invention the Moulds or Pipes (which are fixed in the usual
manner in a Water Box of the ordinary construction) have the upper portion of
their internal diameter enlarged sufficiently to receive the cones for forming the
Self-Fitting Ends which cones I form in three or more portions or segments.
To the lower ends of these segments of cones are attached springs of flat section,
but curved in the direction of their length.
These curved springs slide in suitably formed guides or channels extending
below the enlarged upper portion of Moulds (hereinafted called the “cone chamber'
see Fig I.
Instead of seperate springs to each cone segment, a single circular expanding
spring of flat section may be used which passes through mortices in the substance
of the cone segments the spring being in compression when the cone segments are
in position in the cone chamber. Fig 2.
In place of the arrangements of springs as above described, the segments of cones
may have rib-like projections, of dovetail or other suitable section, forined on their
backs. Fig 3.
These dovetail projections engage and are made a good sliding fit in,
correspondingly shaped grooves formed in the sides of the cone chainber which
in all cases is conicah:
From the foregoing description it will be seen, that on the candles being pushed
up from the Moulds in the usual manner, the taper fluted, or Self Fitting Ends of
the said candles carry with then the segments of cones, which as they rise, seperato
or spread apart sufficiently to allow the candles with their enlarged.ends to pass up
between them.
The seperating or spreading apart of the Conc segments is effected, in those cases
where springs are used, by the expansion of such springs whether circular or
otherwise; and in the other case described, by the sliding movement of the
dovetail ribs in the grooves formed in the inclined or conical sides of the Cone
chamber.
It is to be understood that in all the above described arrangements, the aeginents
of cones do not leave the Cone chamber entirely, but only rise so far as to cause
hem to seperate sufficiently to allow of the candles passing out of the Moulds ;
he cone segments being then returned to their original position, either by hand
r by means of a perforated plate disposed above them, which plate may be operated
rom the Driving Board or by other suitable arrangement.

page_text: A further most important, (indeed essential) feature of all the above described
devices, is the retention of the cono segments in their raised position during the
desent of the Pistons.
The Clamps consist of two main portions or sides hereinafter called the cheeks;
these cheeks are of rectangular section & of a length corresponding to that of the 5
machine on which they are used; they are disposed parallel to each other & are
capable of motion either of approach or recession with respect to each other.
On their inner faces are formed somewhat shallow notches or half holes of the
shape shewn in Figs 4 & 5 of the accompanying drawings.
These notches correspond in number and position with the Moulds or pipes 1
in the machine & are for the reception of the candles when expelled from the
Moulds.
The two checks are kept in their relative parallel position by means of a series
of transverso wires arranged in two longitudinal rows one above the other.
To either end and at intervals along the inner face of the cheeks are fixed 1
square ended staples laid horizontally; they are attached to the cheeks by their
open ends, their other or square extremities extending inwards, towards, & over-
lapping each other.
Supported within the space formed by the overlapping ends of the staples is
a flat bar similar to those in ordinary use & capable of rotation on its longitudinal
axis, the arrangement being such, that when the line of width of bar is vertical,
the cheeks are caused to open or move away from each other by suitable springes
arranged as shown in Figs 4 to 7. In this position there is sufficient space for
candles with Self Fitting Ends to pass up between the checks & the central bar.
On rotating the bar at right angles to its former position, the movement of the
bar within the overlapping ends of the staples causes the checks to approach each
other so as to hold the candles between them and the edges of the bar the candles
being pressed into the half holes formed in the cheeks sufliciently tight to retain
them in position during removal from the machine.
In order to prevent injury to the candles the bar is covered with India rubber,
Felt, or other suitable material.
In some cases especially where the candles are large two longitudinal bars as
above described may be used one being placed above the other and further, in the
case of plain end candles the checks may be fixed rigidly at a constant distance,
parallel to each other the holding of the candles being effected only by the rotation
of the bar.
Fig I of the drawings illustrates the arrangement of Cone Segments having flat
curved springs A attached to their lower ends which springs work in channels or
grooves B formed below the Cone chamber C.
Fig 2 shows the application of a single circular flat spring instead of the seperate
curved springs shown in Fig 1.
Fig 3 shews the cone seginents fitted with dove tail projections on their backs
working in correspondingly formed grooves in the sides of the Cone chamber.
For the sake of clearness the Cone Segments are shewn seperated from the Cone
chambers but as has been before stated, it is one of the lending features of this
invention that the Cone Segments do not leave the Cone Chamber entirely.
Fig 4 is a plan of Clamps. A. A are the wooden Cheeks or sides B. B. is the
bar capable of rotation on its longitudinal axis C. C. are the coiled springs for
seperating the cheeks. D. D are the transverse wires for guiding the cheeks in
their movement either from or towards each other S. S are the overlapping square
ended staples in which the longitudinal Bar B is supported.
Fig 4 shows the Clamps closed, holding the candles & centering wicks for nex
pour. Fig 5 is also a plan view and shows the Clamps open the lettering remainin
the same in this as in the other figures. Fig 6 is a transverse sectional view
the Clamps being closed. In this view an eliptical arched spring E ombracing bot
cheeks is substituted for the coiled springs shown in the other figures.

page_text: Fig 7 is another transverse section shewing the Clamps open and the candles
in the act of passing up.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1st The arrangements whereby the Cone Segments expand or seperate when
raised on the Self Fitting ends of candles substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described & illustrated in Figs 1 to 3 of my drawings.
2nd The arrangement of Clamps substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and illustrated in Figs 4 to 7 of my drawings.
Dail