Improvements in the Means of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Metal Pipes and other Metal Wares.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left. 14th May. 1889-Accepted, 29th June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Metal Pipes and other Metal Wares.
1, ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE, of Cockermouth, in the County of Cumberland,
Electro-Metallurgist do hereby delare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved means and apparatus for the manufacture of
metal pipes and other metal wares, such for instance as tubes, rings, pans, cylinders
and so forth, by the aid of combined electrolytic and mechanical means, and has for
its object the production of a compact strong metal.
This end is obtained by submitting the article being deposited to a rolling, ham-
mering or like action, applied simultaneously with the process of electro-deposition.
The following is a description of a method of applying this invention to the manu-
facture of tubes :
In carrying this invention into effect, there is mounted in a suitable receptacle, a
core, mould or mandrel; said receptacle and core, mould, or mandrel is fitted with
such supports, bearings, spindles and wheels, as are necessary to impart a rotary
motion to the core, mould or mandrel and to support same in the said receptacle.
Said receptacle is also fitted with such gear as will cause a " carrier to travel
from end to end of, (and over and above) said core, mould or mandrel and back again
continuously. This "carrier" is intended to hold the "tool," by means of which the
rolling, hammering, or like action is to be applied to the tube whilst being formed by
electrolysis.
In the case of a rolling action, in which the roller would have to be submerged, or
partially submerged in the electrolyte, the roller may be made of glass or other like
insulating material; said roller being mounted axially in a suitable roller attached to
said carrier and may be made to rotate by being pressed against the surface of the
rotating core, mould or mandrel, for the purpose of rolling the tube during its
formation.
In the place of a roller made of glass or other insulating material, I may use a roller
made of suitable metal, but in the event of a metal roller being used, such roller should
be above the level of the electrolyte, for the purpose of preventing or partially pre-
venting an electro-deposit taking place thereon. This may be accomplished by
reducing the level of the electrolyte so as to expose a portion of the surface of the
core, mould or mandrel above the level of the electrolyte and it is upon this exposed
surface that the roller should be pressed.
Or may use a roller either submerged or otherwise, of insulating or other
material, driven, or rotated by means other than and independent of the core, mould
or mandrel.
A suitable gear for driving said roller or rollers may be arranged by mounting in
suitable bearings, a horizontal shaft above the level of and parallel to the before men-
tioned tank, such shaft to be fitted with a continuous "feather" throughout a length
equal at least to the maximum length of said core mould or mandrel.
Upon this shaft are the necessary pulleys for conveying the motion to the before
mentioned rollers, such pulleys to be provided with slots or key ways corresponding in
size to the "feather" before referred to. By means of this "feather," said pulleys are
caused to rotate with said shaft and yet are free to slide along same, which they are
caused to do by means of a fork carried up from the before mentioned gear used to
operate said carrier.
In the case of independently driving the said rollers, I may thereby impart the
necessary motion to said core, mould or mandrel for the purpose of revolving same
and thus dispense with any other separate means of imparting motion to said core,
old mandal

page_text: It will be readily understood that by a proper adjustment of the surface speed of
the core, mould, or mandrel to the speed of lineal traverse of the roller, that the
whole of the electro-deposited surface may be brought under the action of said
roller.
The rolling surfaces of the roller I may make either smooth, rough, corrugated,
milled or otherwise; or I may use two or more rollers; having different conditions of
rolling surfaces.
The axis of said roller or rollers should be parallel or nearly so with the axis of
the core, mould or mandrel.
I do not confine myself to the use of one comparatively small roller, travelling
backwards and forwards continuously over the core, mould or mandrel, as I may use
a row of such rollers and impart a reciprocating motion thereto for the purpose of
bringing the space necessarily existing between such rollers, under the action of the
said rollers; or I may use a double row of rollers, the front row acting on such parts
of the core, mould or mandrel as are 'missed by the back row. Or I may use one
long roller of equal length to the 'length of the core, mould or mandrel being operated
upon.
For the purpose of applying a hammering action to the article being deposit, a
suitable arrangement may be made by replacing the roller attached to the before
mentioned carrier, by a wheel having on its periphery, at suitable intervals, short
lengths of chain, gut, or other suitable flexible material. To the other or loose end
of each length of chain or other material is to be attached a piece of some hard
material that will withstand the chemical action of the electrolyte, such for instance
as pieces of Nickel, Alumiinium bronze alloy, or similar substances. This 'wheel with
its swinging weights may be driven or revolved by similar means to those set forth
for independently 'revolving the before mentioned rollers.
It will be found upon revolving said wheel at a sufficiently high rate of speed, 'that
the swinging weights or hammers, if the position of the said core, mould or mandrel
has been previously properly adjusted in relation to the said wheel-will beat upon
or hammer the deposit during its formation on said core mould or mandrel.
Or another class of hammer may be used, namely, a "trip-hammer;" that is to
say, a weight, lifted by a cam (such for instance as is usually adopted in a gold
stamp") or other suitable device, so'that upon being released by the cam, said weight
or hammer may fall by its own weight, or it may be caused to descend upon the
article being deposited, with greater velocity by attaching a spring thereto, so that
when the hammer is raised by the cam the spring will be in compression.
In the case of using haminers or similar devices, I provide a hood or cover for the
"purpose of catching and returning to the tank any particles or drops of the electrolyte
that may be projected into the air by the action of the hammers.
I do not confine myself to the use of a single hanımer or hammer wheel as set forth,
as I may use a row of such hammers or hammer wheels, to which may be imparted a
reciprocating motion as set forth in the use of rollers; or I'may use a double row of
hanimers or hammer wheels similarly to the method set forth for the use of a double
row of rollers.
:
It will be readily understood that the whole surface receiving an electro-deposit,
may be brought under the action of these hammers, in a similar way to that set forth
in the use of rollers.
Date
A1000
ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Metal Pipes and other Metal Wares.
I, ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE of Cookermouth, in the County of Cumberland,
Electro-metallurgist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention "aud in what:
་
CHE

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to improved means and apparatus for the manufacture of
metal pipes and other metal wares such for instance as tubes, rings, cylinders and so
forth, by the aid of combined electrolytic and mechanical means and has for its
object the production of a compact strong metal. This end is obtained by submitting
the article being deposited to a rolling, hammering or like action applied simul-
taneously with the process of electro-deposition.
The following is a description of a method of applying this invention to the manu-
facture of tubes :-
In carrying the invention into effect, there is mounted in a suitable Tank or
receptacle, a core, mould or mandrel, said receptacle and core, mould or mandrel being
fitted with such supports, bearings, spindles and wheels as are necessary to impart a
rotary motion to the core, mould or mandrel and to support same in the said
receptacle.
Said receptacle is also fitted with such gear as will cause a "carrier" to travel
from end to end of and over and above said core, mould or mandrel and back again
continuously. This "carrier" is intended to hold the "tool" by means of which the
rolling, hammering or like action is to be applied to the tube (or other article) whilst
being formed by electrolysis.
In the case of a rolling action, in which the roller would have to be submerged or
partially submerged in the electrolyte, the roller may be made of glass or other like
insulating material, said roller being mounted axially in a suitable holder attached to
said "carrier" and may be made to rotate by being pressed against the surface of
the rotating core, inould or mandrel for the purpose of rolling the tube during its
formation.
In the place of a roller made of glass or other insulating material, I may use a
roller made of suitable metal, but in the event of a metal roller being used, such
roller should be above the level of the electrolyte for the purpose of preventing or
partially preventing an electro-deposit taking place thereon. This may be accomplished
by reducing the level of the electrolyte so as to expose a portion of the surface of the
core, mould or mandrel above the level of the electrolyte and it is upon this exposed
surface that the roller should be pressed.
Or I may use a roller either submerged or otherwise of insulating or other material,
driven or rotated by means other than and independent of the core, mould or
mandrel.
In the following more particular description of the invention as applied to the
manufacture of tubes, reference is made to the accompanying drawing, wherein
Fig. 1. shows in a longitudinal section and Fig. 2 in cross section, the fitting of a
depositing tank according to one part of this invention.
A, is the depositing tank; a, is the core mould or mandrel supported by its axle a¹
in bearings b carried by supports provided for that purpose within the tank. Rotary
motion is imparted to the core, mould or mandrel a, by means of the spur wheels c, c¹;
said spur wheels, being operated by the driving pulley d, upon the horizontal shaft e,
which is mounted in an adjustable vertical slide piece fattached to the end of the
tank as shown in Fig. 1.
+
Along one side of and for the entire length of the tank, there is provided a hori-
zontal slide g, carried by bracket supports. To this slide ġ, is attached a 'traveller h,
which is made to traverse the length of the slide g, by means of the screwed shaft i,
upon one end whereof is a reversing clutch j, operating between the driving pullies k, k¹,
having motion in opposite directions. 1, is the fork of the striking bar m, acting on
the clutch j, and said bar m, is fitted with buffer springs n, and adjustable stops o, for
regulating the traverse of the traveller for accomodating different lengths of work;
the stops o, being acted upon by the striking arms p, formed upon or attached to the
traveller 'h.
$
To the traveller h, is attached a carrier "arm, q, upon which the tool holder r is
mounted as shown in the slot q' of the carrier arm so as to pivot upon the stud r¹.

page_text: In this particular arrangement of apparatus the "tool" is shown to consist of a
single rollers, mounted axially in a forked screwed rod s¹ and adjustable in the
holder by the nuts as shown. The pressure of the roller or "tool" upon the work
being regulated by the india rubber band t, as shown, or by a spring or any other
suitable means.
. It will be readily understood that by a proper adjustment of the surface speed of
the core, mould or mandrel to the speed of lineal traverse of the roller tool, that the
whole of the electro-deposited surface may be brought under the action of the said
roller 3, which derives a rotary motion due to contact with the revolving core, mould,
or mandrel.
The rolling surface of the roller s, I may make either smooth, rough, corrugated,
milled or otherwise; or I may use two or more rollers having different conditions of
rolling surfaces.
The axis of the said roller or rollers should be parallel or nearly so with the axis of
the core, mould, or mandrel.
In Figs. 3 and 4 is shown an arrangement of the apparatus whereby the roller
or tool may be driven independently of any motion imparted thereto by the core,
mould or mandrel.
A suitable gear for effecting this object is here shown by an intermediate horizontal
shaft u, deriving a rotary motion from the end of the screwed shaft i, by the
gear
wheels, v, said intermediate shaft being fitted with a continuous feather," or
provided with a continuous groove for a length equal to at least the maximum length
of the core, mould or mandrel. Upon this shaft u, is a grooved pulley w, provided
with a slotted key way corresponding in size to the aforesaid "feather," or provided
with a suitable key or "feather" corresponding in size to the continuous groove upon
the shaft u, that it may be caused to rotate with the shaft u, and yet be free to slide
along same by means of the forked bracket arm ' formed upon or attached to the
traveller and between which said forked arm the pulley w, rotates.
From the pulley w, motion is imparted to the roller or "tool" s, by the band a or
otherwise, on to a second pulley w¹, mounted upon the axle of the roller s.
In the case of independently driving the said rollers, I may thereby impart the
necessary rotary motion to the said core, mould or mandrel and thus dispense with
any other separate means of imparting motion thereto.
I do not confine myself to the use of one comparatively small roller travelling back-
wards and forwards continuously over the core, mould or mandrel, as I may use a
row of such rollers and impart a reciprocating motion thereto for the purpose of
bringing the space necessarily existing between such rollers, under the action of the
said rollers as shown in Fig. 7 wherein a series of such rollers are represented as
being mounted upon a continuous bar or shaft y, to which a reciprocating motion is
given by the eccentric yl or otherwise in any convenient manner.
Or I may use a double row of rollers, the front row acting upon such parts of the
core, mould, or mandril as are missed by the back row, as shown in plan in Fig. A,
and in cross section in Fig. 6; in which case the pressure of said rollers upon the
work is shown to be regulated by the spring t, attached to a serrated arm provided
upon the shaft y.
Or I may use one long roller of equal length to the length of the core, mould or
mandrel being operated upon.
For the purpose of applying a hammering action to the article being deposited, a
suitable arrangement may be made by replacing the roller attached to the before
mentioned "carrier," by a wheel having on its periphery at suitable intervals, short
lengths of chain, gut, or other suitable fexible material. To the other, or free end of
each length of chain or other material, is to be attached a piece of some hard material
that will withstand the chemical action of the electrolyte, such for instance as pieces
of nickel, aluminium-bronze alloy or similar substances. This wheel, with its swinging
weights, may be driven or revolved by similar means to those set forth for indepen-
dently revolving the before mentioned rollers. It will be found upon revolving said
wheels at a sufficiently high rate of speed, that the swinging weights or hammers-if

page_text: the position of the said core, mould or mandrel has been previously properly adjusted
in relation to the said wheel-will beat upon or hammer the deposit during its forma-
tion on said core, mould or mandrel.
In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown an arrangement of applying such a hammering device
by means of said hammer-wheels independently driven in a similar manner to the
roller described and shown in reference to Figs. 3 and 4.
Or another class of hammer may be used, namely a "trip-hammer," that is to
say, a weight lifted by a cam, (such for instance as is usually adopted in a "gold
stamp") or other suitable device, so that upon being raised and released by the cam,
said weight or hammer may fall by its own weight, or may be caused to descend
upon the article being deposited with greater velocity by attaching a spring thereto,
so that when the hammer is raised by the cam the spring will be in compression.
A suitable form of hammering device of this character is shown in Fig. 12 which
may be attached to the traveller h, in place of the carrier arm 9, and be independently
driven or actuated as before described in reference to the hammer wheel shown in
Figs. 8 and 9.
I do not confine myself to the use of a single hammer, or hammer wheel as set
forth, as I may use a row of such hammers or hammer wheels, to which may be
imparted a reciprocating motion as described in the use of rollers. Or I may use a
double row of hammers or hammer wheels similarly to the method set forth for the
use of a double set of rollers.
In Fig. 10 is shown in cross section and in Fig. 11 in plan, an arrangement of a
single row of such hammer-wheels mounted in a frame 1, overhanging the tank,
said frame being carried by the shaft 2, supported by suitable bracket bearings
attached to the side of the tank A, and to this shaft 2, a reciprocating motion is given
by an eccentric or cam, similarly to the method of reciprocating the rollers before
described and shown in reference to Fig. 7.
The series of bammer wheels, 3, in this case are mounted upon the shaft 4, and are
driven by the pulley 5, by means of the band 6, (or otherwise) from the pulley 7
secured to the sleeve or hollow spindle 8 carried by the end bearing 9; said sleeve or
hollow spindle 8 having upon its opposite end another pulley 10 by which its rotary
motion is primarily obtained.
The strap or band 6, being made to traverse over the face of the pulley 7 by the
belt guide 11, and by means of a stop 12, which is adjustable upon the screwed pin 13
attached to the side of the tank, the frame 1, carrying the hammer wheels, may be
raised or lowered in order to adapt the hammering device to differing sizes of tubes
(or other work) to be operated upon.
In the case of using hammering or similar devices, a hood or cover 14 is provided
for the purpose of catching and returning to the tank any particles or drops of the
electrolyte that may be projected into the air by the action of the hammers.
It will be readily understood that the whole surface receiving an electro-deposit may
be brought under the action of these hammers in a similar way to that set forth in
the use of the rollers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. In the process of manufacturing metal tubes, rings, cylinders and other
metal wares by electro-deposition, the treatment of the article being deposited to a
rolling, hammering or like action applied simultaneously with the process of electro-
deposition as or substantially as, herein set forth.
Secondly. In the process of manufacturing metal tubes, rings, cylinders and other
metal wares by electro-deposition, the use of a tool or tools for applying a rolling,
hammering or like action simultaneously with the process of electro-deposition, to the
article being deposited, as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Thirdly. The combination of parts constituting the apparatus employed in the

page_text: manufacture of metal tubes, rings, cylinders and other metal wares by electro-
deposition as herein set forth in reference to and as shown by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 of the drawings, constructed and operating as and for the
purposes herein set forth.
Dated
May 1889
ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE.