CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING COTTON, SILKS, LINEN, WOOLLEN, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1829

page_text: HUTCHISON'S: SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HUTCHISON, of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Merchant,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date.at
Westminster, the Thirtieth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
twenty-nine, in the tenth year of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs, and
successors, give and grant: unto me, the said John Hutchison,, His especial
licence, that I, the said John Hutchison, my exors, adññors,. and assigns, or,
such otliers as I, the said. John Hutchison, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others,. from time to time and at all
times hereafter, during the term of years therein expressed, should and law-
fully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in His said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad; the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING
COTTON, SILKS, LINEN, WOOLLEN, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging, me, the said. John Hutchison,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large-appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I,, the said
John Hutchison, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
A.

page_text: described and ascertained in, and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the
following description thereof (that is to say):-
=
These improvements in machinery for spinning consist in the adaption
and employment of a circular 'rim, for the purpose of guiding the spun thread
or yarn on to the taking-up bobbin, in place of the ordinary flyer. The
simplest mode of constructing the circular rim, and of applying.it, is by form-
ing a conical cap.to be attached to a fixed spindle, the lower edge or rim of
which conical cap, being polished perfectly smooth, acts as a guide to the
thread or yarn, and causes it to wind upon the bobbin. In the Drawing
hereto annexed, Figs. 1 and 3 represent the spindle with the wolve whire
or pully, the bobbin, and the conical cap complete, and in working condition.
Figs. 2 and 4 are the same in section (similar letters referring to correspond-
ing parts in all the Figures. a is the spindle, which may be about thirteen
inches in length, of a cylindrical form, and about, five sixteenths of an inch in
diameter, but topered at the top to a point. Supposing this improvement.to be
adapted to a throstle frame of the ordinary construction, a section of the front
part of which, with one spindle, is shewn upon a smaller scale at Fig. 6, the
spindle would be securely fixed in the stationary bar or rail b, and held fast by
a nut and screw, its shoulder resting on the upper side of the bar. Upon the
spindle a sliding collar c is placed, which, being connected to a moveable bar,
like a traversing copping rail, ascends and descends upon the fixed spindle by
the lever and heart movement by which the copping rail is commonly worked
in spinning machines. The wolve whirl or pully d turns loosely upon
the spindle, its barrel bearing on the top of the sliding collar, and is driven
by a cord from a rotatory drum, as usual. The bobbin e also slides loosely
upon the fixed spindle, bearing on the top of the pully, to which it is
locked, when in operation, by a pin f passing through the side of the bobbin,
and catching against an elevated part of the barrel of the pully (seen most
evidently in the detached Figs. 5). Hence, it will be perceived that the
wolve whirl or pully and the bobbin revolve together.
g is the hollow
conical cap placed on the top of the fixed spindle, where it remains stationary,
and is sufficiently large within to admit of the bobbin to pass up into it, as in
Figs. 1 and 2. Let it now be supposed that the end of the roving of yarn
delivered from the front drawing rollers h, Fig. 6, is brought down on the
outside of the cone, and attached to the lower part of the barrel of the bobbin;
the pully or wolve being then put in motion, the bobbin revolves with it, and spins
the
yarn as it descends into a tight cord or thread, the thread flying round
the cone, and turning under its lower edge or rim, when, from the resistance
of the atmosphere, and the slight friction of the thread against the lower rim
of the cone, the effect will be that the thread, when twisted, will wind itself
:

page_text: on to the bobbin, beginning at the bottom of the barrel of the bobbin, and
progressively winding up the barrel as the bobbin descends out of the conical
cap. The movement of the traverse rail, by which the progressing winding
of the thread up the barrel of the bobbin is produced, may be regulated in
any of the ordinary ways by proper adjustments of the machinery of the
spinning frame, according to the quality of the yarn or thread spun. When
the bobbin has become filled with the thread, the conical cap must be lifted
off the spindle. The full bobbin may then be removed, and an empty one
placed in its stead; and on replacing the conical cap, the process of spinning
and winding may be carried on again as before.
I have described this improvement in spinning machinery as effected by the
lower rim of a cone fixed on the top of a stationary spindle. It must be
obvious, however, that there are other modes of effecting the same object;
for instance, it may be effected by a polished ring of glass, ivory, wood, metal,
or other suitable material, suspended by arms from the top of a fixed spindle,
or the contrivance may be modified in some other ways. I therefore desire it
to be understood, that this Invention, and the subject of my claim of exclusive
right under the above-recited Letters Patent, consists in the adaptation to
and employment in spinning machines (of whatever construction it may be
applicable to), of a circular guide suspended over or attached to the spindle in
some of the ways herein proposed, and circumscribing the bobbin, for the
purpose of guiding the yarn or thread of any fibrous materials, and causing it
to be taken up or wound upon the bobbin as it becomes spun.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hutchison, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirte