AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING INDUCED CURRENTS OF ELECTRICITY FROM MAGNETS AND INDUCTION COILS
Year: 1865

page_text: .LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING INDUCED
CURRENTS OF ELECTRICITY FROM MAGNETS AND INDUCTION COILS."-A com-
munication from abroad by Jerome Kidder, of the City and State of New
York, United States of America.
Sealed the 28th December 1865, and dated the 31st July 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st July 1865.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING
INDUCED CURRENTS OF ELECTRICITY FROM MAGNETS AND INDUCTION COILS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to the obtaining of induced currents from the central
or so-called neutral portion of a magnet, or that part which has no attractive
power, it having been proved by experiment that here the strongest induced
current may be obtained. This object is attained by arranging the insulated wire

page_text: which composes
the helix or helices by which the induced current or currents
are obtained either wholly or in greater quantity at or near the central portion
of the magnet, instead of distributing it evenly along the whole length of the
magnet, or wholly or in greater quantity near the poles thereof. Mounted
loosely on the ordinary helix of an electro-magnet is a spool of wood, which
carries an adjustable helix for obtaining induced currents of electricity. This
helix is made of fine insulated copper wire which is coiled in several layers
around the spool, and it may be moved up to or from the neutral centre
according to the strength of induced current required. The primary current
is obtained from a battery in any well-known and approved way. The induction
coil instead of being made moveable upon the magnet, may, if preferred, be
fixed thereon at and near the centre of its length. In a magnet having the
induction coil thus fixed the force of the induction current may be varied by
means of a cylindrical cap of metal fitted to slide over one end of the magnet
and over, the induction coil. To permit of the application of this cylindrical
cap the magnet must have a support at one end only.
The Invention also applies to obtaining an induced current of great force
from a permanent magnet. The induction coil is in this case applied at the
middle of the length of a soft iron core, so arranged relatively to a revolving
permanent magnet that the poles of that magnet will revolve in proximity to
the ends of the core, and thereby magnetize the core. Or the induction coil
may be placed around the central or so-called neutral portion of a permanent
magnet to obtain an induced current from such magnet.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 31st January 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I; ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Alfred Vincent Newtou; my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING INDUCED CURRENTS OF ELECTRICITY PROM MAGNETS
AND INDUCTION COILS," being a communication from abroad, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
:
This Invention relates to the obtaining of induced currents from the central
or so-called neutral portion of a magnet, or that part which has no attractive
power, it having been proved by experiment that here the strongest induced
current may be obtained. To attain this object the insulated wire composing
the helix or helices by which the induced current or currents are obtained is
arranged either wholly at or near the central portion of the magnet or in
greater quantity at that than other parts of the magnet, instead of, as in the
usual manner, being evenly distributed along the whole length of the magnet
or wholly or in greater quantity near the poles thereof.
•
The Invention further relates to the use of a helix or helices having an
adjustment lengthwise of the magnet for the purpose when desired of varying
the power of the current by bringing the said helix or helices nearer to or
further from the so-called neutral portion of the magnet.
upon
Fig. 1 in the Drawing is a side elevation of an electro-magnet having
it a helix for obtaining induced currents placed on the neutral portion of
the maguet near the longitudinal centre thereof. According to this Invention
Fig. 2 is a plan view corresponding with Fig. 1. Similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in both of these Figures. G is a core composed
of a bundle of iron wires around which is wound in two layers a helix S, of
coarse insulated copper wire, one end k of which is connected with the metal
post E, and the other end is connected with the metal post F. These posts

page_text: aro supported in the wooden base T, to which are also secured the supports
a, a, of the core G, and two posts A and B. The posts A and F are
connected one with the positive and the other with the negative pole of a
galvanic battery, the primary current from which passes from the positive pole
of the battery through the-post A, along the wire M, under the base. T to the
post B, thence along the screw C in that post from its platinum point to the
spring D of the hammer H, and through the spring and its supporting post E
to the end of the helix of coarse insulated wire, through the entire length
of the helix, and out at 1, thence through the post F to the negative, pole of
the battery. This battery current magnetizes the core G. O is an outer
helix for obtaining induced currents of electricity; this helix is made of fine
insulated copper wire which is coiled in several layers around a spool of wood
placed over the helix S. The wire of this helix terminates at R and V.. The
primary current from the battery is interrupted by the magnet G, attracting
the hammer H so as to draw the spring D away from the screw. C, and as
this opens the circuit the core G resumes its unmagnetized state, and at the
same moment there is an induced current in the helix O. The spool of this
helix Ois moveable lengthwise upon the magnet, so that the power of
the induced current in the helix O may be varied, the current being weak
when it is at or near the poles of the magnet, and stronger as it is moved
nearer to the centre of the length, or so-called neutral portion of the magnet;
the.maximum power being obtained when it is at the centre of the length or
so-called neutral portion of the magnet, and the minimum power when it is
close to either of the poles. The induction coil instead of being made
moyable upon the magnet as above described may be fixed thereon, at and
near the centre of its length, as shown in Fig. 3, which is a longitudinal view
of the magnet. In this Figure G is the core, S the coil of coarse insulated wire
through which the primary current passes, and O the induction coil. In a
magnet having the induction coil thus fixed the forco of the induction current
may be varied by means of a cylindrical cap U of metal fitted to slide over
one end of the magnet and over the induction coil, and to permit of the
application of this cylindrical cap the magnet must have a support W. at one
end only.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improved
Method of Obtaining Induced Currents of Electricity from Magnets and
Induction Coils," as communicated to me, and having explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above
in part recited Letters Patent I claim,―
First, arranging the insulated wire which composes the helix or helices

page_text: used upon a magnet for obtaining an induced current or currents, either
wholly or in greater quantity; at or near the centre of the length of the
magnet or upon what is termed its neutral portion, substantially as and for the
purpose herein specified.
Second, the use of a helix or helices adjustable lengthwise upon the
magnet toward or from the so-called neutral portion thereof for the purpose
of varying the power of the induced current or currents, substantially as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (LS.)