IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS AND OTHER SIMILAR FASTENINGS.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Daniel Roberts, of the Parade, Sherborne,
in the County of Dorset, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STUDS AND OTHER SIMILAR FASTENINGS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Daniel Roberts
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th December 1874.
I, PHILIP DANIEL ROBERTS, of the Parade, Sherborne, in the County
of Dorset, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN STUDS AND OTHER SIMILAR FASTENINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in studs and other
similar fastenings.
In order that studs and such like fastenings may be inserted with
greater facility into the holes made to receive them, and when inserted
may be securely fixed, I connect with the stem of the stud or fastening
by joints two rings or flaps which are capable of folding together so as
to pass readily through a comparatively small hole, and then of separating

page_text: or spreading out so as to prevent their return until they have been again
folded together.
The stem of the stud or fastening is hollow and contains a coiled
metal or other suitable spring. The spring presses a small piston-like
piece of metal against the inner ends of the wings or flaps, and the
spring so serves to hold the wings or flaps in position, either separated
or spread out, or folded together.
The act of folding the flaps together requires some little force, as it
causes the inner ends of the wings or flaps to compress the spring by
pushing the piston-like piece down upon it towards the head of the stud
or fastening. Hence, when the stud or fastening has been inserted into
the hole prepared for it, and the wings or flaps have been separated or
spread out, there is no risk of its being accidentally displaced and lost.
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Philip Daniel Roberts in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 8th June 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PHILIP
DANIEL ROBERTS, of the Parade, Sherborne, in the County of Dorset,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Philip Daniel Roberts, Her
special license that I, the said Philip Daniel Roberts, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Philip Daniel
Roberts, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an' Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS AND OTHER SIMILAR FASTENINGS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Philip Daniel Roberts,
my exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Philip Daniel Roberts, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in studs and other
similar fastenings.
In order that studs and such like fastenings may be inserted with
greater facility into the holes made to receive them, and when inserted
may be securely fixed, I connect with the stem of the stud or fastering
by joints two wings or flaps, which are capable of folding together so
as to pass readily through a comparatively small hole, and then of
separating or spreading, but so as to prevent their return until they have
been again folded together.
The stem of the stud or fastening is hollow and contains a coiled
metal or other suitable spring. The spring presses a small piston-like
piece of metal against the inner ends of the wings or flaps, and the
spring so serves to hold the wings or flaps in position, either separated
or spread out, or folded together.
The act of folding the flaps together requires some little force, as it
causes the inner ends of the wings or flaps to compress the spring by
pushing the piston-like piece down upon it towards the head of the stud
or fastening. Hence, when the stud or fastening has been inserted into
the hole prepared for it, and the wings or flaps have been separated or
spread out, there is no risk of its being accidentally displaced and lost.
In order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a stud with its wings or flaps turned up together to
enable the stud to be put on. In this Figure one side of the hollow
stem of the stud is omitted so as to show the inside.

page_text: PHILIP DANIEL ROBERTS. (L.S.)