IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS.
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Prosper Lachèz, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Manager of the Company "Manufacture Royale de Tapis de
Tournay," for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS.".
Sealed the 9th May 1865, and dated the 15th November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Prosper Lachèz at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
November 1864.
I, PROSPER LACHEZ, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manager of
the Company "Manufacture Royale de Tapis de Tournay," do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the combination and adaptation of parts of
looms for weaving Brussels' carpets and other pile fabrics, and consist,-
Firstly, in effecting the change from two shoots to each wire to three
shoots, as may be required, by means of a double tappet or cam, one side of
which is grooved so as to give motion for two shoots to each wire, and the
other side thereof is grooved so as to give the required motion for three shoots
to each wire. The truck or roller upon which the said tappet acts is attached
to a lever which communicates the motion to the picker, and the said roller
is arranged so that it may be easily and rapidly changed from one side of the
said lever to the other side thereof. In the one case it will receive motion

page_text: adapted for two shoots, and in the other case it will receive motion from the
opposite side of the said tappet and will communicate the required motion
for three shoots to each wire.
Secondly, my Invention consists in an improved arrangement of the jacquard
wire hooks of such looms, by which the said hooks are prevented from turning
round or getting out of order during work. I cause the said jacquard wires
to be bent upwards from their lower ends and pass the said bent part of them
through a plate of sheet iron slotted to receive them; they can move freely
up and down through the said plate, but the slots prevent their turning or
having any lateral motion.
Thirdly, my Invention consists in an improved arrangement for regulating
the feed of the ground warp and tightening the said warp during the work
and holding it whilst the wires are being struck up in the loom, by which the
quality of the work is improved. I cause the lay, in its backward motion, to
act, through suitable levers, upon a spring slide, so that at each beat up of
the lay the said slide shall be caused to move backwards abruptly and shall
then resume its first position through the action of its spring. In its motion
the said slide acts upon a pawl taking into the teeth of a ratchet wheel affixed
to an upright shaft and causes the said ratchet wheel and shaft to revolve
partially; and upon the lower end of the said shaft there is an endless screw
taking into the teeth of a wheel affixed to the end of the ground warp beam
and giving motion thereto. The partial revolution communicated to the said
ratchet wheel and upright shaft and endless screw at each beat up of the lay
causes also, through the said wheel upon its axis, the ground warp beam to
revolve partially an to give out the quantity of warp required. And I give
the required tightness to the said warp by causing the same; in its passage
from the warp beam, to pass round two rollers placed one on the axis and the
other at the end of the upper arm of a double vertical lever, the lower arm of
which extends downwards and is acted upon by one arm of a bell lever
capable of motion round a fixed stud, and the other arm of which is weighted.
The said weighted lever arm causes the lower arm of the vertical lever to be
pressed inwards in the direction of the lay, and such pressure being trans-
mitted to the upper arm of the said vertical lever and acting upon the roller
or beam round which the ground warp passes, produces a corresponding
pressure in an opposite direction upon such warp, communicating thereto the
tightness required. And in order to insure the said warp being held and
released from pressure whilst the wires are struck up in the loom I form upon
the end of the weighted arm of the said bell lever a toothed quadrant the
teeth of which are taken into by a pawl or tooth at the end of one arm of a

page_text: double lever capable of motion round its axis, and the other arm of which is
provided with a truck or roller which is acted upon by a revolving cam or
tappet, and the said cam or tappet is formed so that when a wire is to be
struck up in the loom the surface of the said cam or tappet acting upon the
truck or roller on the lever arm will cause the pawl or tooth upon the other
arm of the said lever to take into and hold the toothed quadrant at the end
of the weighted lever and suspend the action of the weight upon the warp.
When the wire is struck up a projection on the surface of the said cam or
tappet acting upon the truck or roller causes the tooth or pawl to retire from
the said toothed quadrant and the action of the weighted lever upon the warp
is renewed till another wire has to be struck, when another depression in the
cam or tappet again causes the action of the weighted lever to be suspended
till the wire is struck up.
Fourthly, my Invention consists in an improved mode of tightening and
regulating and holding the dead warp as required, and I effect it in the
manner above described in connection with the ground warp, and forming the
third part of my Invention, except that the cam or tappet used in connection
with the dead warp instead of being formed so as to arrest and release the
weighted lever eight times during each revolution of the said cam or. tappet,
is formed to arrest and release the weighted lever four times during each
revolution.
Fifthly, my Invention consists in an improved form of pile wire and cutter
for cutting the pile, and in an improved mode of operating the cutter and
effecting the cutting of the pile. I form the wires of a rectangular or flat
section, hollow at their upper surface, and instead of attaching the cutters to
the end of each wire as is usual I affix the cutter to a holder on one end of a
rectangular bar, which bar passes so as to be capable of in-and-out motion
therein through a slide, the said slide working in fixed slide bars placed across
the loom and over the carpet or other pile fabric, so that the said cutter is in
a line with the pile wire when the pile is to be cut. The cutting is effected
by means of a suitable cam or tappet which through a truck or roller gives a
reciprocating rotary motion to a toothed quadrant the teeth, of which take into
and give reciprocating motion to a pinion and pulley placed below and, at one'
end of the cutter slide bars, and to the said pulley is attached one end of a
band or chain, which band or chain passing over suitable guide rollers between
the slide bars is attached to one side of the cutter slide, and to the other, side
of the said cutter slide is attached the end of another chain or band, which
chain or band passing over suitable guide rollers to the other end of the cutter.
slide bars is attached to a weight hanging from the slide bars. The action of

page_text: the cam or tappet causes the pulley to draw the cutter from one end of the
slide bars to the other, and in its travel the said cutter enters the hollow part
of the pile wire and cuts the pile, and the limited motion allowed the cutter
holder in the slide enables the said cutter to follow any curve of the said pile
wires. When the cutting of the pile is effected the action of the weight
'causes the cutter to retire and resume its former position.
Şixthly, my Invention consists in an improved arrangement of parts for
effecting the insertion and withdrawal of the pile wires. I attach the end of
the rod which holds the instrument for drawing and reinserting the wires to
one end of a shaft supported in a hollow shaft open at the top so as to allow
an up-and-down independent motion therein to the said inner shaft, but they
are so formed that one cannot rotate without the other. The hollow shaft
receives from a suitable cam or tappet a partially rotary reciprocating motion,
and the inner shaft receives from a suitable cam or tappet at one end a
reciprocating up-and-down motion, so that one end of the said shaft rests and
oscillates upon one end of the hollow shaft whilst the other end rises and falls
as actuated by its cam or tappet. The rotary motion of the hollow shaft
draws out the wire, then the cam acting upon the inner shaft causes one end
of it to rise and its other end to move the wire holder diagonally to the
position where it is to be reinserted, when the reciprocating rotary motion of
the hollow shaft causes the wire to be reinserted. I use suitable guides and
means to insure the exact working of the different parts.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Prosper Lachèz in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, PROSPER
LACHEZ, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manager of the Company
"Manufacture Royale de Tapis de Tournay," send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Prosper Lachèz, Her special licence that I, the said Prosper
Lachèz, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Prosper Lachèz, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Prosper Lachèz, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Prosper Lachèz, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My improvements relate to the combination and adaptation of parts of
looms for weaving Brussels carpets and other pile fabrics, and consist,-
Firstly, in effecting the change from two shoots to each wire to three shoots
as may be required, by means of a double tappet or cam, one side of which is
grooved so as to give motion for two shoots to each wire, and the other side
thereof is grooved, so as to give the required. motion for three shoots to each
wire.
The truck or roller upon which the said tappet acts is attached to a lever
which communicates the motion to the picker, and the said roller is arranged
so that it may be easily and rapidly changed from one side of the said lever to
the other side thereof. In the one case it will receive motion adapted for two
shoots, and in the other case it will receive motion from the opposite side of
the said tappet, and will communicate the required motion for three shoots to
each wire.
Secondly, my Invention consists in an improved arrangement of the jacquard.
wire hooks of such looms, by which the said hooks are prevented from turning
round or getting out of order during work. I cause the said jacquard wires
to be bent upwards from their lower ends, and pass the said bent part of
them through a plate of sheet iron slotted to receive them; they can move
freely up and down through the said plate, but the slots prevent their turning.
or having any lateral motion.
Thirdly, my Invention consists in an improved arrangement for regulating
he feed of the ground warp, and tightening the said warp during the work,
nd holding it whilst the wires are being struck up in the loom, by which the
quality of the work is improved. I cause the lay in its backward. motion to.

page_text: act through suitable levers upon a spring slide, so that at each beat up of the
lay the said slide shall be caused to move backwards abruptly, and shall then
resume its first position through the action of its spring. In its motion the
said slide acts upon a pawl taking into the teeth of a ratchet wheel affixed to
an upright shaft, and causes the said ratchet wheel and shaft to revolve
partially; and upon the lower end of the said shaft there is an endless screw
taking into the teeth of a wheel affixed to the end of the ground warp beam,
and giving motion thereto. The partial revolution communicated to the said
ratchet wheel and upright shaft and endless screw at each beat up of the lay
causes also, through the said wheel upon its axis, the ground warp beam to
revolve partially and to give out the quantity of warp required. And I give
the required tightness to the said warp by causing the same in its passage
from the warp beam to pass round two rollers placed one on the axis and the
other at the end of the upper arm of a double vertical lever; the lower arm of
which extends downwards, and is acted upon by one arm of a bell lever
capable of motion round a fixed stud, and the other arm of which is weighted.
The said weighted lever arm causes the lower arm of the vertical lever to be
pressed inwards in the direction of the lay, and such pressure being trans-
mitted to the upper arm of the said vertical lever, and acting upon the roller
or beam round which the ground warp passes, produces a corresponding
pressure in an opposite direction upon such warp, communicating thereto the
tightness required. And in order to insure the said warp being held and
released from pressure whilst the wires are struck up in the loom, I form
upon the end of the weighted arm of the said bell lever a toothed quadrant,
the teeth of which are taken into by a pawl or tooth at the end of one arm of
a double lever capable of motion round its axis, and the other arm of which
is provided with a truck or roller, which is acted upon by a revolving cam or
tappet, and the said cam or tappet is formed so that when a wire is to be
struck up in the loom, the surface of the said cam or tappet acting upon the
truck or roller on the lever arm will cause the pawl or tooth upon the other
arm of the said lever to take into and hold the toothed quadrant at the end
of the weighted lever, and suspend the action of the weight upon the warp.
When tho wire is struck up a projection on the surface of the said cam or
tappet acting upon the truck or roller causes the tooth or pawl to retire from
the said toothed quadrant, and the action of the weighted lever upon the
warp is renewed till another wire has to be struck, when another depression
in the cam or tappet again causes the action of the weighted lever to be
suspended till tho wire is struck up.
Fourthly, my Invention consists in an improved mode of tightening and

page_text: regulating and holding the dead warp as required, and I effect it in the same
manner above described in connection with the ground warp, and forming
the third part of my Invention, except that the cam or tappet used in
connection with the dead warp instead of being formed so as to arrest and
release the weighted lever eight times during each revolution of the said cam
or tappet, is formed to arrest and release the weighted lever four times during
each revolution.
Fifthly, my Invention consists in an improved form of pile wire and cutter
for cutting the pile, and in an. improved mode of operating the cutter and
effecting the cutting of the pile. I form the wires of a rectangular or flat
section, hollow at their upper surface; and instead of attaching the cutters to
the end of each wire as is usual, I affix the cutter to a holder on one end of a
rectangular bar, which bar passes so as to be capable of in-and-out motion
therein through a slide, the said slide working in fixed slide bars placed across
the loom and over the carpet or other pile fabric, so that the said cutter is in
a line with the pile wire when the pile is to be cut. The cutting is effected
by means of a suitable cam or tappet, which through a truck or roller gives
a reciprocating rotary motion to a toothed quadrant, the teeth of which take
into and give reciprocating motion to a pinion and pulley placed below and at
one end of the cutter slide bars; and to the said pulley is attached one end of
a band or chain, which band or chain passing over suitable guide rollers
between the slide bars is attached to one side of the cutter slide, and to the
other side of the said cutter slide is attached the end of another chain or
band, which chain or band passing over suitable guide rollers to the other end
of the cutter slide bars is attached to a weight hanging from the slide bars.
The action of the cam or tappet causes the pulley to draw the cutter from
one end of the slide bars to the other, and in its travel the said cutter enters
the hollow part of the pile wire and cuts the pile, and the limited motion
allowed the cutter holder in the slide enables the said cutter to follow
any curve of the said pile wires. When the cutting of the pile is effected
the action of the weight causes the cutter to retire and resume its former
position.
Sixthly, my Invention consists in an improved arrangement of parts for
effecting the insertion and withdrawal of the pile wires. I attach the end of
the rod which holds the instrument for drawing and re-inserting the wires to
one end of a shaft, supported in a hollow shaft open at the top, so as to allow an
up-and-down independent motion therein to the said inner shaft, but they are.
so formed that one cannot rotate without the other. The hollow shaft receives
from a suitable cam or tappet a partially rotary reciprocating motion, and the

page_text: inner shaft receives from a suitable cam or tappet at one end a reciprocating
up-and-down motion, so that one end of the said shaft rests and oscillates
upon one end of the hollow shaft, whilst the other end rises and falls as
actuated by its cam or tappet. The rotary motion of the hollow shaft draws
out the wire, then the cam acting upon the inner shaft causes one end of it to
rise, and its other end. to move the wire holder diagonally to the position
where it is to be reinserted, when the reciprocating rotary motion of the
hollow shaft causes the wire to be reinserted.
I use suitable guides and means to insure the exact working of the different
parts.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe,
with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
Figs. I., II., III. and IV., represent a loom for weaving Brussels carpets
constructed according to my Invention. Figs. V., V, VI, VII., VIII., IX.,
X. and XI., are separate views drawn to a larger scale of different parts of
the same.
Fig. I. represents a front elevation of the loom; Fig. II., a view of the
left side; Fig. III., a view of the right side; and Fig. IV., an end view of
the same.
Fig. V. represents the application of the first part of my Invention for
effecting the necessary change from two shoots to each wire to three shoots to
each wire, or from three to two shoots to each wire, as required. The same
letters are used to indicate the same parts in all the Figures.
cam or tappet a
acting upon the
to approach or
a, Fig. V., and a', Fig. V., represent the two sides of a double cam or
tappet; the side a, Fig. V., is grooved so as to give motion for three shoots to
each wire, and the side a¹, Fig. VA., is grooved so as to give motion for two
shoots to each wire. The truck or roller b upon which the
acts, is connected to a lever b' on the axis 3, which lever 6
lever on the square axis 6* causes the truck or roller 6
retire from the cam or tappet 66, the intermittent action of which upon the
lever b³ causes the square axis 6' to oscillate abruptly, and with it the lever b",
which communicates the said motion to the picker. The truck or roller 6 is
attached to the lever b', so that it may be easily and rapidly changed from
one side to the other side of the said lever. In the one case it will receive
motion from one side of the cam a in order to effect three shoots to each
wire; in the other case it will receive motion from the side a¹ of the cam,
and will effect two shoots to each wire. The cam or tappet a is placed upon
the cam or tappet shaft E of the loom, as shewn in Fig. II.

page_text: Fig. VI. represents the arrangement of the jacquard wire hooks according
to the second part of my Invention. c, c, c, are the jacquard skewers or hooks.
I cause them to be bent upwards from their lower ends at c¹, c¹, c¹, and I
pass the said double or bent part through slots made in the sheet-iron plate c³.
It will be seen that by this arrangement the skewers or wire hooks c, c, c,
c, c, c', can freely move up and down through the slots of the plate c³, but
the said slots prevent their turning or having any lateral motion.
The third part of my Invention is shewn in detail at Fig. VII.; it is also
represented in the entire view of the loom, Figs. II. and IV., and consists in
an improved arrangement of parts for regulating the feed of the ground warp,
for tightening the said ground warp during work, and for holding the ground
warp whilst the wires are being struck up. I make use of the motion of the
lay to produce a partial revolution of the ground warp beam at each beat. up
of the lay. As the lay d is in its backward motion it causes the lever d¹ to
oscillate on the fixed axis d³. The said lever d¹ gives a reciprocating motion
to a rod d³, the end of which passes freely into a piece of iron de, fixed at the
end of a spring slide d'. The said slide d' has upon it, projecting on its upper
and lower surface, a stop d³, and inside it there is a suitable spring which,
when not actuated by the rod d³, brings it back to its original position. e is
an upright shaft on the side of the slide d', upon which shaft is a plate or
crank d', situated above the said slide d'. This plate d' is loose upon the
shaft e, and is provided with a pawl working in the teeth of the ratchet
wheel d', keyed upon the shaft e. The said shaft e has upou its lower end an
endless screw do, taking into the teeth of a pinion d", affixed upon the ground
warp beam axis d, (Figs. II. and IV.) At each beat up of the lay, the lay d
pushes abruptly backwards the rod d³, the end of which passing through the
guide de, comes in contact with the stop d³, and causes the slide d* to move
backwards abruptly. The upper stop d³ of the said slide causes the plate d'
to revolve partially, and its pawl de causes the ratchet wheel do, and with it
the shaft e and endless screw do, to revolve partially; and the said endless
screw d acting upon the pinion d" and ground warp beam d¹, causes the
said ground warp beam to revolve sufficiently to give out the quantity of
ground warp required for the proper working of the loom at each beat up of
the lay. When the lay resumes its first position it draws back with it the
rod d³, and the spring in the slide d' causes the said slide to return, and with
it the plate d', with its pawl do, into position to act again on the ratchet
wheel do, when the lay next moves backwards. I give the required tightness
to the ground warp in the following manner :-In its passage from the ground
warp beam I cause the said ground warp to pass round two rollers f, f',

page_text: (Figs. II., IV., and VII.), the roller f being situated on the axis and the
roller f' at the end of the upper arm of the double vertical lever f³, the
lower arm f* of which extends downwards, and the said arm fis pressed upon
by the arm of the bell lever fe, which is capable of motion round its axis f,
and the other arm f of which carries the weight fº. The action of the
weight fis communicated by the arm f³ to the lever arm f*, and presses the
same towards the lay, and the lever arm f' transmits the said pressure to the
lever arm and to the roller f¹, which roller f¹ communicates the pressure to
the ground warp, passing round it and giving it the required tightness. The
pressure thus communicated to the warp is regular in its action and prevents
any shocks, which might have the effect of breaking the said warp, but in
order to insure the warp being held and released from the tightening pressure
of the weight f' whilst the wires are struck up in the loom, I affix or place at
the end of the weighted lever arm fa (Figs. II., IV., and VII.), a toothed
segment, into the teeth of which takes the tooth or pawl f", at the end of
one arm of the double lever f", capable of motion round its axis f¹, and the
other arm f¹ of which is provided with a truck or roller f", actuated by a
cam or tappet f10 on the cam or tappet shaft E, and the said cam or tappet ₤16
is formed so that when a wire is to be struck up in the loom, the said cam or
tappet ₤16 acting on the truck or roller f" on the lever arm f¹ will cause the
tooth or pawl f" on the end of the lever arm f", to take into the teeth of the
toothed segment f" at the end of the weighted lever f³, and the said tooth f¹¹
will hold the toothed segment f10, and suspend the action of the weight f³
upon the warp. When the wire is struck up in the loom a projection on the
cam or tappet f1 acting on the truck or roller f¹ will cause the tooth f" to
retire from the teeth of the toothed segment f", and the action of the
weight upon the ground warp will be renewed till another wire has to be
struck up, when another depression on the surface of the cam or tappet fi
will cause the action of the weight f upon the warp again to cease until the
wire is struck up.
The fourth part of my Invention which consists in regulating the feed of
the dead warp in communicating to the said warp the required tightness
during work, and in holding the said dead warp whilst the wires are being struck
up in the loom is shewn in detail at Fig. VIII., and in the general views of
the loom at Figs. III. and IV., and is placed on the opposite side of the loom
to that where are situated the levers acting on the ground warp. d is the lay
which through the lever g and rod g³, actuates the slide g³, the motion of
which is transmitted through the ratchet wheel g³, shaft g, and endless
screw 9° to the warp beam 9; 9' is the lever which receives the pressure

page_text: communicated by the weight g, and transmits it to the dead warp passing
round the rollers go and 90; g¹¹ is the toothed segment, into the teeth of
which takes the tooth g₁s of the lever 913, the truck or roller g of which is
actuated by the cam or tappet g¹. The working of this apparatus being
similar to that represented in Fig. VII, I have not thought it necessary to
give the description of it here.
The fifth part of my Invention consists in an improved form of pile wires
and cutter for cutting the pile, and also in an improved mode of operating the
cutter and cutting the pile.
.
.
which it is
side of the
The pile
This part of my Invention is represented in detail at Fig. IX.; it is also
shewn applied to the loom at Figs. I. and III. h is the cutter guide, and h¹
the slide carrying the cutter. Fig. IX. is a front and a side view drawn to
a larger scale of the cutter holder and its slide. The cutter guide h is attached
to the holder h³, the rod h³ of which passes through the slide h', in which it is
capable of limited motion allowed by the spring h. h³, h³, are the slide bars,
in which slides the slide h¹; he, he, is the band or chain attached on one side
of the slide, and passing over the rollers A' to the pulley h³, to
attached; the other band or chain he is attached to the other
slide h', passes over the rollers h, and is attached to a weight h".
wire and carpet is situated at h", h, just underneath the cutter. The pulley h
on the shaft P has a reciprocating motion communicated to it by the pinion h¹³,
affixed to the same axis P, and which has a reciprocating rotary motion com-
municated by the toothed segment " the teeth of which take into the teeth of
the pinion . The said toothed segment h¹ on the end of the lever h¹,
oscillates round the axis h¹ through the action of the cam or tappet h¹ upon
its roller h¹. The action of the cam or tappet h is communicated to the
segment h¹ and pinion h¹³, from which it is transmitted to the pulley h³ and
band h, which draws the cutter and its slide h¹ from one end to the
other of the slide bars h³, and in its travel the cutter enters the hollow part of
the pile wire, and cuts the pile h". The limited motion allowed to the cutter
holder in its slide enables the cutter to follow any curves in the length of the
wire. When the cutter has completed its stroke the action of the cam h
causes the pulley h³ to turn in an opposite direction, and the weight h¹¹ then
draws back the cutter to its original position. 10 is a set screw for holding
the cutter in the slot 2, and Fig. XI. represents a. full-size view of the
section I prefer to give to the pile wires.
My Invention consists, sixthly, in an improved arrangement of parts for
effecting the withdrawal and reinsortion of the pile wires.

page_text: This part of my Invention is shewn in detail at Figs. X, X, X, X, X
and applied to the loom at Figs. I., III, and IV.. is the hollow shaft open
at the top, and the inner shaft placed inside the shaft . At the end of the
shaft is attached the rod 13, which withdraws and reinserts the pile wires
the other end of the shaft is connected to a rod 1, Fig. X³, the lower end of
which is actuated by the cam or tappet l' on the shaft D, which cam * gives
an up-and-down motion to the rod 13, and to the end of the shaft 11, to which
the said rod is connected. The shaft 7 working in bearings 15, 1, has upon it
a lever (Figs. X" and X°), the end of which is connected to one end of the
rod 1, the other end of which is connected to a lever 78, turning on a centre 1º,
and through its truck or roller 10 receives a reciprocating motion from the
cam or tappet on the shaft D. When the instrument on the end of the
rod has seized the wire which it is intended to draw out, the cam or
tappet "acting on the rod 1, and through the rod l' on the lever 1, causes the
hollow shaft and inner shaft 1¹ to revolve partially, and this motion causes
the rod ³ to revolve partially round it axis and withdraws the wire from the
fabric. The cam or tappet l' now causes the end m of the shaft l' to rise, and
its other end oscillates upon the end m¹ of the hollow shaft l, and moves the
rod and wire holder diagonally sufficiently to bring the wire to the position
where it is to be reinserted; the cam or tappet 11 then brings back the
hollow shaft into its former position, which motion effects the reinsertion of
the wire in the required position.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be well understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise details herein-before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings, as the same may be varied without departing
from the nature of my Invention; but what I claim as of my Invention is,―
Firstly, the arrangement and adaptation of parts of looms for weaving
carpets and other pile fabrics, so as to enable the work of the loom to be
rapidly changed from two shoots to three shoots to each wire, and from three
to two shoots to each wire, substantially as herein-before described and repre-
sented in Fig. V. of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly, the arrangement of the jacquard skewers or hooks in looms for
weaving carpets and other pile fabrics, by which the said hooks are prevented
from turning round or getting out of order, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in Fig. VI. of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly, the arrangement of parts for regulating the feed of the ground
warp, and for tightening the same as required during work, and for holding

page_text: the ground warp whilst the wires are struck up, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in Figs. II., IV., and VII. of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fourthly, the arrangement of parts for regulating the feed of the dead warp
and for tightening the same as required during work, and for holding the
said dead warp whilst the wires are struck up in the loom, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in Figs. III., IV., and VIII. of
the accompanying Drawings.
Fifthly, the improved form of pile wire and arrangement of cutter, and the
mode of actuating the cutter, and effecting the cutting of the pile, substantially
as herein-before described and illustrated in Figs, I., III., IX., IX., and XI.
of the accompanying Drawings.
Sixthly, the arrangement and combination of parts for effecting the with-
drawal and reinsertion of the pile wires, substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated in Figs. I., III., IV., X., X4, X", Xº, and XP. of the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Prosper Lachèz, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.