Improvements in Steam Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th May; 1892-Accepted, 13th Aug.,-1892
Improvements in Steam Engines.
I, DONALD BARNS MORISON, of Hartlepool Engine Works, Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
.
The object of this invention is to increase the efficiency of steam jackets whether.
used for heating the steam within the cylinder or cylinders, or for heating the
steam contained in or passing through the receiver or receivers of a steam engine.
For this purpose I form the said jackets in such a manner that the heating steam
is caused to take a zig-zag, tortuous or sinuous course by means of a suitable
partition or partitions. The steam is thus caused to have a better circulation in
passing through the jacket and hence is in a better condition for imparting heat to
the walls of the cylinder and jacket and consequently to the steam contained in the
cylinder or receiver.
In the case of the receiver the steam therein may also be caused to describe a
zig-zag or, sinuous course by means of a partition or partitions and being in
circulation it will absorb heat more rapidly from the walls of the jacket, than if
comparatively stagnant. By these means the efficiency of the jacket as a means
of imparting heat is increased in two ways:-firstly, the walls of the jacket take
the heat more rapidly from the heating steam; secondly, they impart the heat
more readily to the steam to be heated.
The partition or partitions may be arranged in such a manner that the steam is
caused to 'pass over a part or the whole of the surface to be heated and of the
surface which is imparting heat, and the direction of motion may be such as is
considered best for the transmission of heat, for getting rid of the water of.
condensation; or for convenience in the special case being considered.
In the case of compound engines the arrangement of steam cylinder, jacket, and
receiver may be as follows
The steam cylinder may be placed in the centre and be wholly or partially
surrounded by a steam jacket having a partition or partitions for directing the flow
of steam as above described. The jacket may be wholly or partially surrounded
by the receiver, or by a port or passage forming part of or leading to the receiver
for the exhaust steam from the above mentioned cylinder. This receiver, or port
or passage as the case may be, can be formed with a partition or partitions so that
the exhaust steam may be caused to flow over the whole or part of the external
wall of the steam jacket.
If desired another steam jacket similarly formed, may envelop the receiver or
port or passage above described. The outermost surface of the jacket or receiver
or port or passage may be suitably lagged to prevent radiation of heat.
البصر
1
1001
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Steam Engines.
I, DONALD BARNS MORISON, of Hartlepool Engine Works, Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement::—
The object of this invention is to increase the efficiency, of the steam contained
in or passing through the receiver or receivers of a steam engine, having jacketted
cylinders.
For this purpose I construct the receiver or each receiver. where there is more
than one in such a manner that the steam therein is caused to take a zig-zag or
sinuous course through a channel or channels formed by a partition or partitions so
that being in active and practically uniform circulation over the jacket heating
surface, it will absorb heat more rapidly, and in greater amount, than if portions of
the jacket heating surface were surrounded by steam which was comparatively
stagnant.
The circulation channels formed by the partition or partitions may be arranged
in such a manner that the direction of flow may be such as is considered best for
the transmission of heat, or for convenience, in each special design of engine.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 to 17 inclusive show various arrangements of steam circulating channels
or steam receivers arranged outside the steam jacket of an engine cylinder or
cylinders, the object and purpose being to cause a more active and uniform
circulation of steam over the heat giving surfaces of the jacket. whereby the heat
given off from the steam jacket is both greater in amount and more quickly
absorbed than in the arrangements of ordinary, practice.
a
Figs. 1 and 2 show in sectional elevation and sectional plan respectively,
steam jacketted cylinder with valve casing and steam receiver suitable for a
compound engine. The receiver surrounds the engine cylinder 2 and to enable the
exhaust steam from the cylinder 2 to rapidly take up the heat given off from the
steam jacket 3 of the cylinder, it is caused to circulate around the jacket as shewn
by the arrows. From the exhaust port 7 the exhaust steam flows horizontally, in a
vertical engine, in opposite directions around the jacket through the upper
channel 1 above the horizontal partitions 3", and descends through the opening 6
into the channel 1" below the partition whence it flows to the valve casing of the
next cylinder.
Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections in planes at right angles to each other; and
Fig. 5 is a horizontal section, illustrating a somewhat similar arrangement to that
shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, but in which the receiver is constructed with vertical
channels formed by vertical partitions 3", so that the exhaust steam escaping
from the exhaust port 7 of the cylinder 2 passes downward through the two
vertical channels 1, thence by the openings 6 between the lower ends of the
partitions 3 and the bottom of the receiver into the adjacent vertical channel 1",
through which it flows upward to the outlet pipe 8, and thence to the valve casing
of the next cylinder. As will be obvious there may be a greater number of
circulating channels than shewn, and the outlet, pipe 8 may be situated in any part
of the receiver.
Fig.6 is a sectional, elevation of the intermediate cylinder of a triple expansion
engine and Fig. 7 is a sectional plan of the high pressure and intermediate
pressure cylinders, and the steam receivers surrounding these cylinders.
The receiver surrounding the high pressure cylinder 2 is constructed with
horizontal channels arranged in the manner hereinbefore described with reference
to Figs. 1 and 2. The receiver surrounding the intermediate pressure cylinder 2ª
is constructed at opposite sides of the said cylinder with vertical channels formed

page_text: by partitions 3, 3, 3ª. The exhaust steam from the intermediate cylinder 2 passes.
over the two partitions 3b, under the partitions 3° and over the partitions 3d and
thence to the valve casing of the next cylinder.
Fig. 8 is a horizontal section of the high pressure and intermediate pressure-
cylinders and the surrounding steam receivers of a compound engine; and
Fig. 9 is a vertical section on the line a y of Fig. 8.
Figs. 10 and 11 are detail views.
In this arrangement the high pressure steam chest is on the outside, the
circulating channels constituting the receiver between the high pressure and
intermediate pressure cylinders, as well as those constituting the receiver between.
the intermediate pressure and a lower pressure cylinder, being formed by vertical
partitions as shewn. In order that the heat radiated from the outside of the high.
pressure steam chest cover 9 may be lessened, this cover is formed with a chamber
or jacket 9 that may be connected by passages 10 and 11 with the steam
receiver surrounding the high pressure cylinder so that it will contain steam of
a reduced pressure. The cover is shewn in section in Fig. 8 and in side elevation.
and sectional elevation respectively in Figs. 10 and 11.
Figs. 12 and 13, are vertical and horizontal sections respectively of a compound.
steam engine somewhat similar to that illustrated in Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive, but-
in which the partitions 3ª, 3b, 3c in the two receivers are horizontal instead of
vertical, forming horizontal chambers through which the steam will flow as
indicated by the arrows.
In Figs. 14 and 15 the valve chest of the high pressure cylinder is constructed.
to receive a piston valve exhausting at its centre, the circulating channels
constituting a part of the receiver between the high pressure and intermediate
pressure cylinders, being formed by horizontal partitions arranged like those shewn.
in Figs. 1 and 2, whilst the channels for the other receiver are formed by vertical
partitions arranged like those shewn in Figs. 7 and 8.
In Figs. 16 and 17, the high pressure steam chest is constructed to receive a
piston valve that exhausts at its ends. In this arrangement the receiver of the.
high pressure cylinder is constructed with two pairs of horizontal partitions 3*
that divide it into three channels connected by the two openings 6. The exhaust.
steam from the top ports of the cylinder passes along the upper horizontal
channel 1 and returns by the middle one 1, and the exhaust from the bottom
ports passes along the lower channel 1b, and also returns by the middle one I..
The partitions are arranged sufficiently far from the bottom of the receiver to
allow the water of condensation to pass. As will be obvious, the circulating
channels may be made in any other convenient form depending on the design of
the engine. Although the various cylinders and receivers hereinbefore referred to
with reference to the drawings, are shewn vertical, they may be otherwise arranged.
if desired..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
In a compound steam engine, a receiver constructed with a channel or channels.
affording a zigzag sinuous or tortuous course, adapted to promote a uniformly
active circulation of the steam flowing through the receiver over the available
surface of the steam jacket of a cylinder, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the several examples illustrated in the drawings annexed for the:
purposes specified.
Dated this 11th day of Dray 1952.
W. Lloyd Wise,
D. B. MORISON.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Applicant's Agent.