Improvements in Apparatus for Pumping or Raising Liquids.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 4th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1895.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Pumping or Raising Liquids.
I, JAMES KEITH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., of 57 Holborn Viaduct, in the City
of London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to, be as follows :-
This invention which relates to apparatus for pumping or raising liquids and is
chiefly applicable for raising beer has for its object to ensure that a practically
uniform air pressure will be automatically maintained on the surface of the beer
or other liquid to be raised irrespective of the quantities drawn. off from time
to time.
The apparatus comprises a water motor which may be of the improved construc-
tion described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 23640 of 1893 or other
type the piston rod of said motor being connected to a piston in the cylinder of an
air compressor from which air under suitable pressure is led through a valve casing
by piping to the casks or other vessels containing the beer or other liquid to be
raised. From this piping a branch pipe is led and connected to operate valve
apparatus designed to control the supply of water to the water motor whereby
upon any lowering of the air pressure due to withdrawal of the beer or liquid
water is supplied to the motor until by its actuation of the air compressor the air
pressure within the vessels is restored to the normal. This valve apparatus
consists of a casing divided by a diaphragm or fitted with a plunger to the under-
side of which the branch air pipe is connected so that the air pressure tends to
raise the diaphragm or plunger. On the upper side of the diaphragm is a stem
piece on which rests a lever fulcrumed on the casing and having an adjustable weight
at one end whilst its other end engages loosely the stem of a valve which is fitted
normally to close when seated, an auxiliary water passage communicating between
the high and low pressure sides of the valve serving to admit water to the motor.
This the main valve which is seated in a web in the water supply pipe is formed or
fitted on the lower end of a piston fitting loosely in a casing.the upper end of
which communicates by a passage before referred to with the water supply pipe on
the low pressure side of the valve.
$
In the operation of the apparatus, immediately upon the withdrawal of any
quantity of the beer or other liquid forced up by the air, and consequent reduction
of the air pressure, the weighted lever overcomes the upward pressure of the air
on the diaphragm of the water valve controlling apparatus. The lever tilts and
raises the valve stem on its end thereby raising the valve in the auxiliary water
passage off its seat, whereupon the pressure water, above the piston on the main
water controlling valve escapes to the low pressure side of the supply pipe thereby
allowing the controlling valve to rise and admitting water through the valve seat
to the water motor. The motor is thereby put into operation and acting on the air
compressor restores the normal air pressure in the piping whereupon the diaphragm
or plunger in the valve controlling apparatus is raised. against the power of the
weighted lever and the valve in the auxiliary waterway closed. The water under
pressure finding its way past the sides of the loosely fitting piston to its upper side
and acting on a greater area closes down the main controlling valve thereby cutting
off the water supply and stopping the motor.

page_text: The improved apparatus may also be used to raise water or other liquids to a
high level by means of a larger quantity of water under pressure insufficient to
reach that level. In such cases the air compressor or air cylinder is replaced by a
water cylinder of small diameter and is operated by the water motor to force up
the water to the requisite level.
An air compressing cylinder may be attached to convey air to the diaphragm
casing or the latter may be operated by the water pressure.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1895.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
'Chartered' Pätént Agent,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant
Improvements in Apparatus for Pumping or Raising Liquids.
I, JAMES KEITH, 'Assoc., M., Inst. C.E., of 57 Holborn Viaduct, in the City
of London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention, which relates to apparatus for pumping or raising liquids, and is
chiefly applicable for raising beer, has for its object to ensure that a practically
uniform air pressure will be automatically maintained on the 'surface of the beer
or other liquid to be raised irrespective of the quantity drawn off from time
to time.
As illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 of which is a vertical
section of the pumping apparatus, and Fig. 2 a vertical section of a modification of
a portion of same, the apparatus comprises a water motor A which may as shewn
by the drawings be of the improved construction described in the Specification of
Letters Patent No. 23640 of 1893, or other type, the piston rod B of which is
connected to a piston C in the cylinder of an air compressor D from which air
under suitable pressure is led through a valve casing E by piping F to the casks'or
other vessels G containing the beer or other liquid to be raised. From this
piping a branch pipe H is led and connected to operate valve apparatus I
designed to control the supply of water to the water motor A whereby upon any
lowering of the air pressure, due to withdrawal of the beer or liquid, water is
supplied to the motor A until by its actuation of the air compressor D the air
pressure within the vessel is restored to the normal.
This valve apparatus I consists of a casing J divided by a diaphragm K, or
fitted with a plunger, to the upper side of which the branch air pipe His
connected so that the air pressure tends to depress the plunger or diaphragm K.
On the under side of diaphragm K is a stem pièce L which bears on the short end
of a lever M fulcrumed on the casing and having an adjustable weight N' on 'the
long end.
The lower side of the 'short end of the lever bears' on the stem O'of a válve P
which is fitted normally to close, when seated, an auxiliary water passage Q com-
municating between the high and low pressure' sides of the valve serving to admit
water to the motor A.
The main valve R which is seated'in a web in the water supply pipe U is formed
or fitted on the lower end of a piston' S, fitting loosely in a casing T the upper end
of which communicates by the passage Q'before referred to with the water supply
pipe U on low pressure side of the valve.
In the operation of this apparatus immediately upon the withdrawal of any
quantity of the beer or other liquid forced up by the air and consequent reduction

page_text: of-the air pressure, the weighted lever Movercomes the downward pressure; of air
on the diaphragm K of the water. valve controlling apparatus. The pressure of
the lever M being taken off the top of the small. valve. Pin the auxiliary passage Q
said valve P is forced up by the water pressure underneath, whereupon the pressure
water above the piston S on the main water controlling valve R escapes to the low
pressure side of the supply pipe U, thereby allowing the controlling valve R
to rise and admitting water throught the valve seat 'V to the valve W of the
motor A.
The motor A is thereby put into operation and acting on the air compressor D
restores the normal air pressure in the piping F, H, whereupon the plunger or
diaphragm K in the valve controlling apparatus I is depressed against the power of
the weighted lever M and the valve P in the auxiliary water way Q closed.
The water under pressure finding its way past the sides of the loosely fitting
piston S to its upper side and acting on a greater area closes down the main
controlling valve R thereby cutting off the water supply and stopping the
motor A.
In the modification illustrated at Fig. 2 the valve apparatus I consists of a
casing divided by a diaphragm K or fitted with a plunger to the under side of
which the branch air pipe is connected so that the air pressure tends to raise the
plunger or diaphragm. On the upper side of the diaphragm K is the stem piece L
on which rests the lever M fulcrumed on the casing J and having an adjustable
weight N at one end whilst its other end engages loosely the stem of a valve P
which is fitted normally to close, when seated, an auxiliary water passage com-
municating between the high and low pressure sides of the valve serving to admit
water to the motor. The main valve R which is seated in a web in the water
supply pipe is formed or fitted on the lower end of the piston S as in Fig. 1 fits
loosely in a casing the upper end of which communicates by a passage before
referred to with the water supply pipe on the low pressure side of the valve.
The operation of this valve apparatus is similar to that described with reference
to Figure 1.
The improved apparatus may also be used to raise water or other liquids to a
high level by means of a larger quantity of water under pressure insufficient to
reach that level. In such cases the air compressor or air cylinder D is replaced
by a water cylinder of small diameter and is operated by the water motor to force
up the water to the requisite level.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The combination of parts constituting the improved apparatus for pumping or
raising liquids, substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
2. In apparatus for pumping or raising liquids valve apparatus constructed and
arranged to operate substantially as described.
3. The combination with a water motor and air compressor or receiver of valve
apparatus automatically actuated by variation of the air pressure to control the
supply of pressure fluid to the motor and restore the normal air pressure
substantially as described.
4. In combination with apparatus for pumping or raising liquids valve apparatus
composed of a casing fitted with a diaphragm or plunger the normal air pressure
on which is counterbalanced, a valve (as R) controlling the pressure fluid supply
to the motor and an auxiliary valve acted on by the diaphragm or plunger and
actuating the main valve substantially as described.
5. The combination of the valve R loosely fitted in the casing T and seated in
the water supply pipe U, with the auxiliary valve P having stem and a weighted
lever acting on said stem substantially as described.
6. The combination of the valve R in the casing T the auxiliary valve P

page_text: operated by a weighted lever M and the diaphragm K in a casing connected to an
air compressor or receiver, substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1895.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agent,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for-the Applicant.