MENTS IN GLASS BLOWING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1867

page_text: MENTS IN GLASS BLOWING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."-A communication
from abroad by Leon Baudoux, of Charleroi, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
Scaled the 16th July 1867, and dated the 19th January 1867,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bull at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th January 1867.
I, WILLIAM BULL, of Quality Oourt, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLASS BLOWING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," to be as
follows:-
.
This Invention relates to glass blowing, and consists of improved apparatus
by the aid of which the operations required may be performed, with greater
ease, and facility than by the ordinary means. On the outside of the furnace
overhead rails or trams are fixed for carrying a small travelling frame
from which a blow pipe carrier is suspended; this pipe- carrier is capable
of being turned in any direction about its vertical axis, and is fitted
with swivel, jaws, the axis of which is horizontal, and the height of which
jaws can be adjusted as required. The blow pipe when placed between
the jaws is secured therein by a spring key or tongue. Junction rollers are
fitted inside the jaws so as to project a little from the inner surfaces wbere
[Price 8d.]

page_text: the blow pipe rests in order to facilitate its rotary motion about its own axis.
similar rollers are also fitted so as to project slightly outside the jaws and at
right angles to the inner friction pulley, and a collar or flange is formed upon
the blow pipe so that when the latter is suspended in a vertical position in
the swivel jaws, the said flange rests upon the outer rollers and turns between
the inner rollers so that it can be turned upon its own axis while it
revolves upon the axis of the swivel jaws. The blow pipe is further formed
peripheries of the last-mentioned
with a circular indentation in which the
rollers work. In lieu of the trams and travelling frames above described
cranes may be used for supporting the pipe carrier. in such cases the cranes
are made with a sliding head fitted on the top of a rising and falling and
counterbalanced triangular frame, both head and frame being provided with
clamps or other suitable stops for fixing them when adjusted as required.
Cranes of the ordinary forms may also be used in conjunction with the pipe
carriers and piece rests herein described. The piece rests are shallow pans
or scales, and may be either suspended from the travelling frames or cranes.
SPECIFICATION
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Paient, filed
by the said William Bull in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BULL, of Quality Court, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did. for Herself. Her heirs and successors. give and grant unto
me, the said William Bull, Her special licence that I, the said William
Bull, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Bull, my executors, administrators, and assigns. should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great.
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands. and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLASS BLOWING," a communication to me from abroad
by Leon Bandoux, of Charleroi, in the Kingdom of Belgium, upon the condition
(amongst others) that 1. the said William Bull, my executors or admini-

page_text: strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bull, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
This Invention relates to glass blowing, and consists of improved appliances
by the aid of which the required operations may be performed with greater
On the outside of the furnace
ease and facility than by the ordinary means.
overhead rails or trams are fixed for carrying a small travelling frame to
which a blow pipe carrier is suspended. The pipe carrier is capable of being
turned in any direction about its vertical axis, and is fitted with swivel jaws,
the axis of which is horizontal, and the height of which jaws can be adjusted
as required; the blow pipe when placed between the jaws is secured therein
by a spring key or tongue. Friction rollers are fitted inside the jaws so as to
project a little from their inner surfaces where the blow pipe rests in order to
facilitate its rotary motion about its own axis: similar rollers are also fitted
so as to project. slightly outside the jaws and at right angles to the inner
friction pullies. A collar or flange is formed upon the blow pipe so that
when the latter is suspended in a vertical position in the swivel jaws the
said flanges rest upon the outer rollers which turn between the inner rollers
so that it can thus be turned upon its own axis while it revolves in the swivel
jaws; the blow pipe is further formed with a circular indentation in which
the peripheries of the last-mentioned rollers work. In lieu of the trams and
travelling frames above described cranes may be used for supporting the pipe
carrier; in such cases the cranes are made with a sliding head fitted on the
top of a rising and falling and counterbalanced triangular frame, both head and
frame being provided with clamps or other suitable stops for fixing them
when adjusted as required: cranes of the ordinary forms may also be used
in conjunction with the pipe carriers and piece rests herein described. The
piece rests are shallow pans or scales, and may be either suspended from the
travelling frames or cranes.

page_text: that the cylinder may move on the right and left of the swinging hole
without much resistance; P, P; are the branches of the pipe bearer proper,
which are sustained by the hinges B,- B; H. H. are upright rollers; I, I,
horizontal rollers. D is the key or clasp which holds the pipe this clasp
turns on hinges, its spring C being fastened to the branch P, it is diverted by
the holder F fitted on a hinged and having a very short play; to this holder
and close by the hinge is a clasp or thumb-piece E which operates on the
spring with the slightest motion given by the holder. The fork A may be
dispensed with.
Fig. 2 represents the suspending rod of the pipe bearer which is moveable
on hinges. Q is the rod; R is the shaft which supports it; P, P. are
the hinges of this shaft which are placed under the iron scarfings of the
carriage.
Fig. 3, 3A, and 4 represent a swinging or blower's stage (a corner stage
to blow large and heavy cylinders, with leaves on which the chevalet
or carrier is placed. L is the large stage: 1 is the middle stage;
H, I, are the branches with notches on which the cylinders are laid imme-
diately after being blown; 1. 1. are the cross framings which bind the two
branches H, H. together; P, P, are rollers; K, K. are guides to keep the
supports of the cylinder in position; J, J, J, are iron braces or pins, by
means of which the leaves of the swinging stages are raised during or after
the blowing operation.
Fig. 5 represents a crane which is used to take the cylinder to the stage as
soon as it is made. The blower having knocked off the pipe from the cylinder,
he or another workman turns the crane, and the cylinder is lowered on to the
main chevalet or carrier which is below the blowing stage.
9. 9. are the
chevalet boards with notches; h is a bolt fastened to the handle or arm i
which receives the irons binding the branches or boards g, g, together;
i, handle or arm of the moveable crane set on hinges; ij, pulley over which
the rope or chain is passed; 1, capstan or winch handle or wheel used as
a winch handle.
Fig. 6 represents the pipe bearer set on the rod Q. the pipe bearer and the
bolt being united together: the bolt is fitted outside.
Fig. shews another arrangement in which the crotchet or catch is placed
in a similar position to that before described in the pipe bearer to assist the
blower in gathering the lump and to assist in supporting and carrying the
same out of the furnace when gathered or formed to the required quantity
and shape. This crotchet or catch is secured in the pipe bearer by means of
the welded ring ; Q is the rod, and d'a hinge or joint.

page_text: Figs. 8 and 9 represent a short piece of pipe for lengthening the main
pipe when the latter is too short, and the pipe handle is fitted therein: this
short pipe or nozzle is fastened by means of the spring which meets the
opening or hole 0 (see also Fig. 15).
Fig. 10 represents a handle made of iron or other metal, and instead of
being round is fluted, as shewn in section at Fig. 12. O is a hole which
receives a knob on the spring a of the lengthening (short) piece: when the
latter is placed in position this short piece is also fluted externally and has
the same bore internally as the handle.
Figs. 11 and 12 also represent a partially finted pipe handle, which instead
of being made all of iron and all fluted is only partly so, sufficient to receive
the short pipe before described.
Figs. 13 and 14 shew the spring a of the short pipe detached.
Figs. 15 and 16 represent a screw which may be used in place of the
spring.
Fig. 17 shews a pipe formed for being used with the machine, herein
described. M is a moveable ring working between the welded rings N, N,
which holds the moveable ring when the pipe is in a vertical position.
Fig. 18 represents another form of pipe, in the side of which a number of
grooves are cut. M is a ring in which studs or screws are fixed. passing
through the ring into the grooves.
Fig. 19 represents a scarf of wheels differing from those to be used either
for blowing or gathering. p. p. pulleys: q. irons for binding the said pulleys;
is the rod for receiving the pipe bearer: s. the rail.
Fig. 20 represents a single pulley laid upon a rail, to which is fastened the
rod of the pipe hearer or gathering catch.
Fig. 21 represents a catch with rollers, by means of which the gatherer can
take hold of the pipe either in the furnace or near the working hole when
drawing the pipe out of the metal, or when carrying the gathering from the
furnace. r. v. are rollers; Q. a rod which is fastened to the carriage or
pulleys first described. and of those shewn at Figs. 24, 25, and 26.
Fig. 22 represents a small crane differing from the blower's crane in the
following particulars, 1st, the crotchet or catch is set lower: and. 2ndly, the
crotchet or catch carriers a roller B. This arrangement is used to support the
pipe near the handle, or as a counterbalance, either when the blower is having
the end of his piece cut while it is red hot, or when he is opening the piece;
by this means the glass maker is considerably relieved, as he is no longer
under the necessity of supporting the pipe, but has only to turn it round.

page_text: Fig. 23 represents a carriage with two wheels which are only bound by
their axle. from the centre of which is suspended a rod or beam turning on
brass hinges; two sockets. either stationary or moveable, with screws, prevent
the rod from slipping on the axle. A. A. wheels: C. C. rails: D. D. branches
of the rod E. E. sockets: B. a square fastened by its ends, and serves to
support the carriage in case it should run off the rails.
Fig. 24 shews the drag or break which checks the velocity of the carriage
before the wheels come in contact with the spring. F. F. branches of the
drag or break: G. G. hinges; B, spring: K. a wooden break supported by
a spring.
Fig. 25 shows the carriage with the drag applied. L. the catch or crotchet
on hinges to prevent the carriage from moving forward: M. lever put in
motion either by the hand or foot.
Fig. 26 shews a section of a blower's stage, under which is fastened a
lever S, with a treadle or footboard T at its end which regulates the rod O of
the drag.
.
Figs. 27 and 28 also represent a carriage with the drag applied. but in order
that the blowing in the pipe may be performed with greater ease I cut the
rails at the place where the blower swings the piece or cylinder, and place a
piece of, rail outside rivetted or bolted at the end of the other rail. I also place
two irons edgeways inside and in the direction of the beams which turn on a
shaft or both; these irons are bound together by a cross frame, to which the
rod of the main lever and counterbalance are fastened. u, a. rails; b, b, rails
fastened and rivetted to the others; b. b. irons set edgeways: c. c. hinges;
d. cross frame receiving the rod of the lever: e. a rod: f. shaft of the main
lever: g. the counterbalance lever.
Fig. 29 represents a slide. the moveable handle of which serves to keep
the rod of the pipe bearer steady while the blower is warming the patterson
or unfinished piece; to this handle is fastened a sheet iron (not shown) to
screen the blower from the heat of the working hole.. Z. arm with a handle:
X, slide, H, H, stands or supports.
Figs. 30 and 31 represent a very sharp wedge with three edges, which will
serve to bore the hole at the end of the cylinder. In order that the boring
may be done quickly I set the said wedge on an axle which carries a small
spur wheel in gear with a large one turned by a handle.
N. small wheel or pinion; O. the large wheel; P. the handle.
M. the wedge;
By this means
I dispense with making the hole at the end of the cylinder with soft metal,
and cutting off the latter with shears.

page_text: Fig. 32 represents a lever having a rectelinial or circular motion; at the
end of this lever is a double catch or crotchet moveable on an axle in order
that it may always be maintained in a horizontal position. q. lever; r, double
catch or crotchet; s, rod with gudgeon.
Fig. 33 represents the double catch or crotchet. A is the moveable
and horizontal catch or crotchet fixed on an axle; B, stationary catch or
crotchet.
Fig. 84 also represents a lever, at the end of which is the catch with a
hinge, shewn at Fig. 7. . catch, with a hinge to draw out the gathering.
Fig. 35 represents the rod of the Figs. 32 and 34, with its gudgeons.
Fig. 36 represents a cross iree or frame with three pulleys, two of which
are laid on the lower rail S, and the third or centre one p' is guided by the
upper rail O.
Fig. 37 represents a small crane which supports the rod of the catches or
crotchets of Figs. 34 and 36, either to take the gathering or to carry the
patterson or unfinished piece on the pipe bearer, or to do both operations.
It will be understood that all the apparatus described will serve either for
the gathering or for the blowing, or for both operations at the same time.
In witness whereof, I. the said William Bull, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
WILLIAM BULL. (L.S.)