Improvements in Torsion Springs.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept., 1892-Accepted, 29th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Torsion Springs.
I, JAMES WEBSTER, of Heath House, No. 82, Ryland Road, Edgbaston,
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in torsion springs, and consists in building
up the spring by the combination of a sufficient number of loops formed out of
lengths of wire, and twisting them. The resilience of the spring is therefore due to
its resistance to untwisting or to further twisting.
In carrying this invention into effect, I wind a length or lengths of wire into
loops, and these loops are twisted. The torsion is applied by way of either
untwisting or of further twisting the twisted loops, or of both.
In making up my invention as a door spring the ends of the loops are made fast
and the loops themselves twisted right and left from the centre, at which point and
between the two sets of loop side wires, the end of the tail is made fast.
In any other application of my improved spring the part to be controlled is
connected to the centre of the spring in substantially the same way as described in
the last paragraph.
I do not confine myself to any particular metal for the wire but prefer to use
such as are naturally resilient, such as steel or aluminium.
Dated this 28th day of May 1892.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Torsion Springs.
I, JAMES WEBSTER, of Heath House, No. 82, Ryland Road, Edgbaston,
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in torsion springs, and consists in building
up the spring by the combination of a sufficient number of loops formed out of one
or more preferably one-length of wire, and twisting them. The resilience of
the. spring is therefore due to its resistance to either untwisting or to further
twisting.
In carrying this invention into effect, I wind a length or lengths of wire into
loops, and these loops are twisted. The torsion is applied by way of either
untwisting or of further twisting the looped and twisted wire, or of both.
In order that the invention and the means by which it can be carried into
practical effect may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe them in detail,
referring in so doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part
of this Specification and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is an elevation illustrating the invention made as a tail door spring.
Fig. 2 is a detailed elevation partly in section illustrating the connection between
the tail and the spring on the one hand and between the spring and the door frame
on the other.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of the tail illustrating its connection with the twisted
spring. It is taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
-
Fig. 4 is a detail elevation partly in section of a modification illustrating the
connection between the tail of the spring and the spring itself on the one hand and
between the spring and the door frame on the other.

page_text: Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of the tail illustrating its connection with the twisted
spring. It is taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.
The spring illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is twisted further, while that illustrated
in Figs. 4 and 5 is untwisted, to make it operative. Springs made according to the
present invention are normally more or less in tension to enable them to keep
quite closed or fully home, the door, or whatever is the body they are required to
act on..
Referring to Figs. 1 to 3, a is the door. bis the spring. It is made from a single
length of wire, the ends of which are made fast together, preferably by soldering.
The twisting is right and left handed from the centre and is effected by any
convenient means. When it is finished, there is an eye c at each end to facilitate
the fixation of the spring to the door frame and to so provide a base for the spring's
operation; and a central one d by means of which and a pin described further on,
the tail e is attached to the spring. is an eye on the adjacent end of the
tail in which the central eye d stands, and g is a pin which is passed transversely
through the eye d and made fast in the sides of the eye f. h is a pulley interposed
between the pin g and the spring, and in its groove the sides of the latter are
held without slipping or friction. i is the plate to which the ends of the spring are
held as heretofore. The holding devices are preferably as follows. j is a rose, k is
a cap which is open upon one side. This cap is large enough for an end eye c, and
the opening wide enough for the twisted portion of the spring to, respectively, lie
in, and m is a screw, or any suitable pin or bolt, which is passed through the cap
and eye into the back i to which it is made fast.
The outer end of the tail is provided with an antifriction roller n adapted to
work on a plate o as heretofore. The latter is grooved to keep the roller in a
right line.
My invention does not confine me in respect of the details of the means by which
the end of the tail is made fast to the central eye d of the spring, inasmuch as any
may be adopted that provides so close a junction between the tail and the eye that
the former cannot be moved in either direction without either twisting or untwisting
the spring.
Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, the end of the tail e is shouldered down and its
extremity screwed to receive a nut and washer p. 9 is a ring bored out to fit on to
the shouldered down end of the tail e and slotted out at right angles with the axis
of the bore to enable it to embrace the central eye d. When the nut p is screwed
up, the junction between the tail and the spring is perfect.
I wish it to be particularly understood that my invention is not limited to the
production of door springs, but that
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. A torsion spring consisting of a twisted coiled length or lengths of wire, as
set forth.
2. In torsion springs, the combination of a twisted coiled length or lengths of
wire, eye and device for holding the same immovable, eye, tail or its equivalent and
device for holding the latter together, as set forth.
3. In torsion springs, the combination of a twisted coiled length or lengths of
wire, eyes and devices for holding the same immovable, a central eye and a tail or
its equivalent and device for holding the latter together as set forth.
D11:00-11 f T1000
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.