IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CLEANSING COTTON
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Macmillan Dunlop, of Manchester, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CLEANSING
COTTON."
Sealed the 19th September 1861, and dated the 27th March 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Macmillan Dunlop
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 27th March 1861.
I, JOHN MACMILLAN DUNLOP, of Manchester, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CLEANSING
COTTON," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for cleansing
cotton, and the improvements are applicable to that class of machinery known
as the "roller churka." In order to give motion to the pairs of rollers used
in this class of machinery, the gearing is so arranged that two pairs may be
put into and out of motion by the action of a single clutch. Motion is by
preference communicated to the inner end of the larger roller of each pair
of rollers, and each larger roller transmits motion to its smaller roller by its
outer axis or neck being geared with the outer axis or neck of the smaller
roller. The axes or necks at the inner and outer ends of the rollers turn in
suitable bearings, and it is between the bearings of the necks or axes at the inner
ends of the two pairs of rollers that motion is communicated to both of the
larger rollers. The two larger rollers may be all in one piece, and each have
necks or axes formed thereon to turn in suitable bearings, or in place of the

page_text: two larger rollers of two pairs of rollers being connected together and forming
one piece, as above stated, the necks or axes of the two larger rollers may each
enter and be connected by a hollow socket or double boss, on which a cog wheel
is formed or fixed to give motion to the two rollers. The two pairs of rollers
receive motion by means of a driving shaft actuated by any suitable power, and
the shaft may be of any desired length-to give motion to any desired number of
pairs of rollers. Each cog wheel on this driving shaft is arranged to give motion
to a cog wheel so as to drive the two larger rollers of two pairs of rollers, and
each of the cog wheels which are on the driving axis is arranged to turn freely
thereon, except when held thereto by a clutch, which is preferred to be a friction
conical clutch arranged to be slid on the driving shaft by a suitable forked
lever. It is preferred to drive each two of the larger rollers by placing the
driving wheels between them, as above described; but, if required, the driving
gear may be applied at the outer end of one of the two larger rollers of two
pairs of rollers; or, in place of using spur gearing as above described, the driving
shaft may be at a distance, and give motion by bands or straps to pulleys on
the axes or connecting parts of the axes of the larger rollers, such pulleys being
arranged to be put in and out of action by a clutch or by fast and loose
pulleys.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Macmillan Dunlop in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 24th September 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MACMILLAN DUNLOP, of Manchester, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Macmillan Dunlop, Her special licence that I, the said John
Macmillan Dunlop, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Macmillan Dunlop, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CLEANSING COTTON," upon the condition

page_text: (amongst others) that I, the said John Macmillan Dunlop, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature:
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters'
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Macmillan Dunlop, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is 'to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
P
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for cleansing
cotton. These improvements are applicable to that class of machinery known
as the "roller churka." In order to give motion to the pairs of rollers used in.
this class of machinery, the gearing is so arranged that two pairs may be put
into and out of motion by the action of a single clutch. Motion is by:
preference communicated to the inner end of the larger roller of each pair of
rollers, and each larger roller transmits motion to its smaller roller by its
outer axis or neck being geared with the outer axis or neck of the smaller
roller. The axes or necks at the inner and outer ends of the rollers turn in
suitable bearings, and it is between the bearings of the necks or axes at the
inner ends of the two pairs of rollers that motion is communicated to both of
the larger rollers. The two larger rollers may be all in one piece, and each
have necks or axes formed thereon to turn in suitable bearings, or in place of
the two larger rollers of two pairs of rollers being connected together and
forming one piece, as above stated, the necks or axes of the two larger rollers
may each enter and be connected by a hollow socket or double boss, on which
a cog wheel is formed or fixed to give motion to the two rollers. The two:
pairs of rollers receive motion by means of a driving shaft actuated by any
suitable power, and the shaft may be of any desired length, and give motion to
any desired number of pairs of rollers. Each cog wheel on this driving shaft
is arranged to give motion to a cog wheel, so as to drive the two larger rollers
of two pairs of rollers, and each of the cog wheels which are on the driving
axis is arranged to turn freely thereon, except when held thereto by a clutch,
which is preferred to be a friction conical clutch arranged to be slid on the
driving shaft by a suitable forked lever. It is preferred to drive each two of
the larger rollers by placing the driving wheels between them, as above
described, but if required the driving gear may be applied at the outer end of
one of the two larger rollers of two pairs of rollers; or, in place of using spur

page_text: gearing as above described; the driving shaft may be at a distance, and give
motion by bands or straps to pulleys on the axes or connecting parts of the.
axes of the larger rollers, such pulleys being arranged to be put in and out of;
action by a clutch or by fast and loose pulleys.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed more fully 5
to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING..
The Drawing shews a side view of the pairs of rollers of two "roller.
churka's" arranged or combined according to my Invention. A, A, are the
two larger rollers, and B, B, are the two smaller rollers. The axes of the
pairs of rollers A; B, are geared together by wheels C, D. The necks or
axes of these rollers turn in suitable bearings which are not shewn in the,
Drawing. E is the driving wheel on the shaft or axis F, which receives;
motion from a steam engine or other power, and may be of a length suitable.
for giving motion to several pairs of "roller churka's." The wheel E is: 1
capable of turning freely on the shaft or axis F, and it is fixed or held thereto.
by means of a conical friction clutch G, as is well understood. The wheel E
gears into the wheel H on the connecting part I, which connects the two,
large rollers A of the pairs of rollers. This connecting part may be solid with.
and form part of the metal of the two rollers A, or it may be a hollow socket:
to receive the ends of the axes of two separate rollers A. In place of driving:
the two larger rollers by spur wheels, pulleys or drums and bands may be used,
the shaft or axis F being placed suitably.
:
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to any
of the mechanical parts separately; but what I claim is the combined arrange-
ment herein described.
of our:
In witness whereof, I, the said John Macmillan Dunlop, have hereunto'
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of September, in the
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one..
year
JOHN M. DUNLOP. (L.S.)