Improvements in Cycles.
Year: 1894

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cycles.
I, ROBERT EDGAR Junior of 226 Castle Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to cycles and it has for its object to give additional power
and speed by using the arms as well as the legs in their propulsion.
In carrying out my invention I make the crank axle with two internal cranks or
eccentrics which are connected, by connecting rods, with projecting arms on two
sleeves on a cross shaft or bar rigidly secured to the pillar or a bracket or standard
on the pillar of the front fork. These sleeves have short backwardly extending
sleeves through which levers having handles on them are passed. These levers are
capable of sliding telescope wise in the short sleeves. Carried on the sleeves are
small grooved or other pulleys connected together by a band or chain which at its
extremities is fitted to a steering wheel, semicircle, quadrant, or a lever or drum
fitted on the upper end of the steering wheel fork.
The arrangement is such that by working the levers the additional cranks can be
put in motion and thus auxiliary power be given to assist the usual foot pedalling.
In order to steer the machine all that is necessary is to give a slight turn either
way to the lever handles.
As a result of the additional power gained the gearing may be made higher
than usual.
If desired the lever handles may be made so as to move closer together or farther
apart, or to move up and down to suit different persons.
If desired the steering may be effected by toothed gearing.
If desired the machine may be steered in the ordinary manner.
Guide pulleys may be used with the steering hand or chain.
The machine gives good and healthy exercise to both arms and legs.
Dated this 19th day of September 1894
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
Improvements in Cycles.
1, ROBERT EDGAR Junior of 226 Castle Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to cycles and it has for its object to give additional power
and speed by using the arms as well as the legs in their propulsion.
In carrying out my invention I make the crank axle with two internal cranks or
eccentrics which are connected, by connecting rods, with projecting arms on two
sleeves on a cross shaft or bar rigidly secured to the pillar or a bracket or standard
on the pillar of the front fork. These sleeves have short backwardly extending
Price dl

page_text: sleeves through which levers having handles on them are passed. These levers are
or may be capable of sliding telescope wise in the short sleeves. Carried on the
sleeves are small grooved or other pulleys connected together by a band or chain
which at its extremities is fitted to a steering wheel, semi-circle, quadrant or a lever
or drum fitted on the upper end of the steering wheel fork.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a side view of a bicycle.
Fig. 2 is a part plan of the cycle.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the part Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a side view and Fig. 5 a vertical section of a connecting rod joint.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the crank axle as used in a tricycle.
Fig. 7 is a side view of a crank axle bearing.
Fig. 8 is a sectional plan of one half of the handle bar with its sleeves.
Fig. 9 is a front view, Fig. 10 a longitudinal section and Fig. 11 a plan view of
the box 65 and its ball bearing.
Fig. 12 shows in sectional plan a slight modification.
Fig. 13 is a sectional plan of a sleeve and round lever.
Fig. 14 is a modification.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference numerals wherever
repeated indicate the same or similar parts.
The general arrangement of a bicycle constructed in accordance with my
invention is shown at Figs. 1, 2 and 3, where the frame 1 is provided with a
bracket 2 secured to the pillar 3 of the front fork 4. Carried by the bracket 2 is
a fixed cross shaft 5 on which fit and work two sleeves 6, 7. Sleeves 8, 9, are
connected to these sleeves 6, 7, and extend back, preferably, at right angles to
them. Telescopically sliding hand levers 11, 12, are passed through the
sleeves 8, 9. The full lines Fig. 1 show the levers in their back position and the
dotted lines show them in their forward position. An arm 13, is rigidly secured to
the sleeve 6 whilst an arm 14 is rigidly secured to the sleeve 7. These arms are
connected by rods 15, 16, with inuer cranks such as at 17, 18, (Fig. 6) made on the
pedal crank axle 19. 20 is the chain wheel and 21 the chain. 22 are the usual
pedal cranks.
Carried on the hand levers 11, 12, are small grooved pulleys 23, 24, connected
together by the rope or cord 25 which, at its extremities, is secured to a steering
quadrant 26 on the top of the fork 4.
The arrangement is such that by working the levers 11, 12, up and down, the
sleeves 6, 8, and 7, 9, are partially revolved on the cross shaft 5, and, as a
consequence, the arms 13, 14, connecting rods 15, 16, and the additional
cranks 17, 18, on the crank shaft, are put in motion thereby giving auxiliary
power to assist the usual foot pedalling. In order to steer the machine all that is
necessary is to give a slight turn to the lever handles 11, 12, either way so as to
turu the wheels 23, 24, at their ends, and pull the cord 25 either to one side or
other thereby moving the steering quadrant 26 on the front fork 4, and the front
wheel. If the rider so desires he can at any time push forward or pull back the
levers 11, 12.
The several working joints and bearings of the machine can be made in any
well known manner but I prefer to have ball bearings throughout as shown at
Figs. 4 to 12.
Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate how the joints 27, 28, between the arms 13, 14, and the
connecting rods 15, 16, can be made. It will be seen that the arm 13 is forked at
its lower end and through the prongs of the fork a pin 29 is passed. The pin can
be made adjustable in horizontal slots in the arm. On the pin two cones 30, 31,
are so fitted, as shown, as to form one part of the bearing for the balls 32. The
end of the rod 15 is made with an eye 15ª provided with a liner 33 which forms the
other part of the bearing for the balls. The liner 33 is held in place by a pinching
Ecrew 34. Both joints 27, 28, are the same.

page_text: Fig. 6 shows the crank axle 19, with its internal cranks 17, 18, and the connecting.
rods 15, 16, connected by the ball bearings 17, 18, to the cranks. Each bearing
consists of a split ring on the end of the connecting rod in which is fitted a circular
liner 35 made in two parts with balls 36 and a circular liner 37 made in two pieces
on the crank axle. The cross bar 38 of the frame is, preferably, forked at its
lower end and the branches 38, 38, of the fork are carried along with the bottom
bars 39, 40, of the frame on the double bottom bracket or bearing 41, 41. The
bar 40 may be either forked or there may be two bars, one leading to each bearing
bracket 41. The bearings 41 are constructed as shown in side view Fig. 7 heing
made in two parts 42, 43, bolted together by bolts 44. The liner 45 is also made in
two parts. The upper part 42 of the bearing carries the bars 39, 38ª, and 40.
In the case of a tricycle the chain wheel 20° may be made in one with or secured
to the crank axle and be situated between the cranks 17, 18, as shown in Fig. 6,
but in the case of a bicycle the chain wheel is located, as usual, to one side as
indicated in dotted lines at Figs. 6 and 7 and as shown in full lines at Fig. 1.
20 are the teeth of the wheels.
Fig. 8 shows an arrangement of handle bar; only one end of the bar is shown as
both sides are alike. The cross bar 5, has on its end a reduced screwed part 5ª, on.
which is screwed a cone 46 and this cone is held in place by a washer 47 and nut 48.
49 are balls, 50 is a cup in which the balls run. 6 is the tubular sleeve. Brazed
on the left hand end of the sleeve is the collar 51 made in one with the arm 13.
52 is a cup fitted in the collar. 53 is a cone fitted on the bar 5. 54 are balls
working between the cup 52 and cone 53. 55 is the head of the pillar 3, or, if the
bar 5 is fitted to a bracket as shown in Fig. 1, of the bracket 2. By tightening up
the cone 46 the balls 49 can be pressed against the cup 50 and the cup 52 can also
be pressed against the balls 54.
The sleeve 8 in this arrangement is shown as fixed to a knee piece 56 secured
rigidly to the sleeve 6. The hand lever 11, which is shown of hexagonal shape,
has a nut 57 and washer 58 at its outer end. The lever is capable of sliding
telescope-wise in a surrounding tube 59 with a hexagonal core which has
screwed on its outer end the grooved cord pulley 23, which is held securely in
position by the washer 60, nut 61, and cone 62. 63 is a cup fitted in the end of the
sleeve 8. 64 are the balls of the bearing. The inner or back end of the sleeve 8
has a rectangular box 65 provided with a cylindrical extension 65* fitted on it, see
also Figs. 9, 10 and 11. In this box a block 66 capable of sliding laterally is fitted.
The block is held in place by bolts 67 passed up through holes in it and through
slots 68 in the top and bottom of the box. The block is cupped for the reception
of the balls 69. A cone 70, secured by a washer 71 and nut 72, is screwed on this
end of the tube. With this arrangement not only can the hand lever 11, be pushed
or pulled telescope-wise through the tube 59, but it can be moved, along with the
sliding block 66, slightly in a lateral direction so as to suit the convenience of
different riders. When the hand lever is revolved in order to steer the machine, as
before set forth, the tube 59 turns with it in the ball bearings at each end of the
sleeve 8, and, as a consequence, actuates the grooved wheel 23 and its cord.
The sleeves, ball bearings, etc., at each side of the machine are made exactly
similar.
If desired the lateral movement of the hand levers can be dispensed with. In
this case no box 65 or block 66 is used and the sleeve 8 and ball bearings can be
made as shown at Fig. 12. It will be seen that the cup 75 is merely inserted in the
end of the sleeve 8. The hexagon hand lever 11, and tube 59 are the same as
before.
The hand levers may, as shown at Fig. 13, be made without the longitudinal
telescopic movement. In this case the lever is made round as at 11ª and is merely
carried in ball bearings 76, 77, at each end of the sleeve 8. These bearings whilst
allowing a turning movement in order to revolve the pulley 23, do not permit the
levers to move longitudinally.
The vertical up and down movement of the lever 11 causes the sleeve 6 (Fig. 8)

page_text: with its cups 50, 52, to turn in the bearings at each end and so actuate the
arm 13 and its connecting rod. The other connecting rod is actuated in the same
manner.
Fig. 14 shows a method of carrying the hand lever 11, by means of a movable
bracket 80 rigidly connected to the sleeve 6, for operating the connecting rod,
carried in ball bearings on the cross shaft 5 in the same manner as at Fig. 8.
As will be seen a semi-circle 81 is fitted to the front wheel fork and is operated, as
before, by a cord 25 from the pulleys 23, 24. In this case the pulleys are arranged
between the jaws of the bracket and small guide pulleys 82 on the underside of the
bracket are used to guide the cord.
As a result of the additional power gained the gearing may be made higher than
usual.
Eccentrica can be used instead of the cranks 17, 18.
The machine gives good and healthy exercise to both arms and legs.
The invention can be applied to cycle cabs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. A cycle working with both hands and feet constructed and operating substan-
tially as herein before described with reference to the drawings annexed.
2. A cycle having internal cranks 17, 18, or eccentrics, on the crank or pedal
axle 19, driven by connecting rods and arms operated by means of hand levers, said
hand levers being capable of a vertical up and down movement and a rotating
movement for steering the machine, substantially as hereinbefore described and
shown on the drawings annexed.
3. A cycle having hand levers capable of a vertical up and down movement, a
rotating movement, and a longitudinal sliding movement, substantially as and for
the purposes herein before set forth.
n
1005
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.