IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRAMPING, WASHING, DYEING, AND OTHERWISE TREATING YARNS WITH LIQUIDS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Pollock, of Dillichip Works, in the County of
Dumbarton, North Britain, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR TRAMPING, WASHING, DYEING, AND OTHERWISE TREATING
YARNS WITH LIQUIDS,"
Sealed the 28th May 1880, and dated the 6th December 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Pollock at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1879.
ARTHUR POLLOCK, of Dillichip Works, in the County of Dumbarton, North
Britain, Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRAMPING, WASHING,
DYEING, AND OTHERWISE TREATING YARNS WITH LIQUIDS."
This Invention relates to the treatment of yarns with liquids in various processes,
such as tramping, washing, dyeing, and others.
In connection with trainping and wringing apparatus used in preparing yarns for
Turkey-red dyeing, it has hitherto generally been the practice for the saturation of
the yarns with white or other liquor to be effected by hand, the workers dipping
and working the hanks in the liquor and then placing them on the hooks of the
wringing machinery, or submitting them to other apparatus for wringing or removing
excess of liquor. The liquor is contained in a trough which, when wringing
machinery of the kind described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
John Stobo and William Pollock, and dated 27 October 1864 (No. 2661), is used,
is at the entering side of the machine.
By the present Invention the saturation of the hanks is rendered more complete,
and at the same time independent of irregular action of the workers by the employ-
ment of reels in or over the liquor trough, these reels being by preference of an
improved kind hereinafter described.
In one modification of the improved apparatus there are two reels placed in the
same line and projecting one from each end of the trough towards the middle, but
with a sufficient space between their inner ends for conveniently putting on and
taking off the hanks. The reels are overhung,, being upon spindles carried in
bearings at the ends of the trough, and the spindles have fast on them pulleys or
toothed wheels by means of which they are driven, ropes or cords being by
preference used for driving them, and each rope or cord being passed completely

page_text: round the pulley in addition to the ordinary extent. When the yarn hanks are
placed on the reels they dip down into the liquor and are drawn through it by the
rotation of the reels, so as to become thoroughly saturated. The workers put the
hanks on the reels, and after saturation transfer them to the wringing hooks or
other apparatus for removing excess of liquor.
The improved reel is made with a disc at the end nearest the journal by means
of which it is carried to prevent the hanks from getting over that end of the reel.
The body of the reel is made with three or four blades, three blades being preferred,
which radiate from the axis and extend the length of the reel, the inner or overhung
ends being rounded. Each blade has a narrow outer edge and is of a nearly
uniform thickness from the edge for some distance towards the centre, but near the
centre the surfaces of each blade pass with a concave curvature into the surfaces of
the next. With this improved construction the sides of the hank are kept well
apart, and the yarn is in contact with the edges only of the blades, so that the yarn
is not liable to become disarranged or entangled, whilst the reel has a good catchi
or hold of the hanks and carries them round without slipping.
The improved reel hereinbefore described is advantageously applicable in any
machines in which overhung reels are or can be used for subjecting yarns to
treatment with liquid.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Arthur Pollock in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th June
1880.
ARTHUR POLLOCK, of Dillichip Works, in the County of Dumbarton, North
Britain, Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRAMPING, WASHING,
DYEING, AND OTHERWISE TREATING YARNS WITH LIQUIDS."
My said Invention relates to the treatment of yarns with liquids in various
processes, such as tramping, washing, dyeing, and others.
In connection with tramping and wringing apparatus used in preparing yarns
for Turkey-red dyeing it has hitherto generally been the practice for the saturation
of the yarns with white or other liquor to be effected by hand, the workers dipping
and working the hanks in the liquor, and then placing them on the hooks of the
wringing machinery or submitting them to other apparatus for wringing or
removing excess of liquor. The liquor is contained in a trough which, when
wringing machinery of the kind described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to John Stobo and William Pollock, and dated 27 October 1864 (No. 2661),
is used, is at the entering side of the machine.
By my present Invention the saturation of the hanks is rendered more complete,
and at the same time independent of irregular action of the workers, by the
employment of reels in or over the liquor trough, these reels being by preference of
an improved kind hereinafter described, and which is advantageously applicable in
many machines in which overhung reels are or can be used for subjecting yarns to
treatment with liquids.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a Sheet of explanatory Drawings
to be hereinafter referred to, and representing my improved reel and a modification
of tramping and wringing apparatus in which it is used. In these Drawings the
same reference numerals are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are
repeated.
Figure 1 on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings is a plan, and Figures 2 and 3
are sectional elevations showing my improved tramping or saturating apparatus,
together with parts of a wringing machine with which it is combined when used
for preparing yarns for Turkey-red dyeing; Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged end and
side elevations of my improved reel.
The trough 6, in which the yarn hanks are saturated, is as usual at the entering
side of the wringing machine. There are two reels 7 placed in the same horizontal
line, and projecting one from each end of the trough 6 towards the middle, but with
a sufficient space between their inner ends for conveniently putting on and taking
off the hanks. The reels 7 are overhung, being fixed on spindles 8 carried in long
bearings 9 at the ends of the trough; and the spindles 8 have fast on them
pulleys .10, by means of which they are driven, ropes or cords 11 being by
preference used for driving them, and each rope or cord being passed completely
round both the driven pulley 10 and the driving pulley 12 in addition to being in
contact with the pulleys to the extent usual in ordinary arrangements. The
driving pulleys 12 are on a shaft 13, carried by the framing of the wringing
machine, and geared in any convenient way to the first-motion or other suitable
shaft of that machine. When the yarn hanks are placed on the reels 7 they dip
down into the liquor in the trough 6, and are drawn through the liquor by the
rotation of the reels so as to become saturated. In order to render the saturation
complete and expeditious some of the liquor is projected against the insides of the
hanks by means of a pipe 14 fixed in the trough below each reel 7. Each pipe 14
has projecting from its inner end a curved guard 15, which extends
up to the point
of the reel and insures the hanks being put on in a manner to encircle both the

page_text: reel 7 and the pipe 14. The liquor issues from a slit, or it might be a number of
perforations in the underside of the pipe 14, and is supplied thereto by a pipe 16,
which communicates with a pump arranged to draw the liquor from the bottom of
the trough 6, and force it into the pipes 16, 14. The workers put the banks on
the reels 7, which rotate continuously, and after saturation transfer them to the
wringing hooks 17, or it might be to other apparatus for removing excess of
liquor.
My improved reel 7 (shown enlarged in Figures 4 and 5) is made with a disc 18
at the end nearest the journal or spindle 8, by means of which it is carried to
prevent the hanks from getting over that end of the reel. The body of the reel
is made with three or four blades 19, three blades being preferred by me, such
blades radiating from the axis and extending the length of the reel, the inner
or overhung ends being rounded. Each blade 19 has a narrow outer edge, and
is of a nearly uniform thickness from the edge for some distance towards the
centre, but near the centre the surfaces of each blade pass with a concave
curvature into the surfaces of the next. With this improved construction the
sides of the hank are kept well apart, and the yarn is in contact with the edges
only of the blades, so that the yarn is not likely to become disarranged or
entangled, whilst the reel has a good catch or hold of the hanks, and carries them
round without slipping.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I have to state that I do not restrict myself to the precise
details herein described or delineated, but that what I believe to be novel and original,
and claim as the Invention secured to me by and in terms of the hereinbefore in
part recited Letters Patent is,-
1. The improved combination of apparatus for tramping, or saturating, or treating
yarns with liquids, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The arrangement of overhung reels projecting inwards from opposite ends or
sides of a trough for giving motion to hanks of yarn whilst being saturated or
treated with a liquid, substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The constructing of reels for tramping, washing, dyeing, or otherwise treating.
yarns with liquids, substantially in the improved manner hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Pollock, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
ARTHUR POLLOCK. (L.S.)