Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 29th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 1st June, 1889
I JACQUES LEONARDUS DE JONG of 87 Woodland Lane Chapel-Allerton near
Leeds in the County of York Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :―
My Improvements refer to that class of wagons employed for the removal of earth
or minerals from which the material is discharged by partly upsetting or tipping the
body of the wagon, and for which purpose the body of the wagon is supported on
trunnions or axes at each end, such trunnions or axes being usually slightly below the
centre of gravity of the (full) wagon body. My Improvements have for their object
such methods of supporting or carrying the body from the frame, that the upsetting
or tipping action takes place more or less automatically and the mechanism is simple
yet effective both as regards construction and use.
"
My first arrangement, which will afterwards be referred to as the "parallel motion'
arrangement or method of suspension consists in carrying each of the trunnions or
axes of the body of the wagon at or about the centre of a horizontal cross bar, con-
nected by hinge or pin joints to the upper ends of two parallel or approximately
parallel supports or standards; these latter being hinged at their lower ends to the
frame of the wagon. The two standards or supports are joined or tied across at about
half their length by guide rods, having a hinge joint at each end to the standards or.
supports. The guide rods pass through guides, which prevent any undesirable end
or side movement of the body of the wagon. During filling or transport, the body of
the wagon is prevented from upsetting on either side by loose stays, dropped into
holes provided in the frame of the 'wagon. When the wagon has reached the spot
where the material has to be discharged, the stay is removed from the tipping side,
and the body of the wagon slides or rocks over to this side on the parallel motion,
and at the same time about its own axes or trunnions. When the axes or trunnions
have moved a certain distance to the side, the further motion sideways of the parallel
motion, (and therefore of the trunnions,) is prevented by stops, and the body of the
wagon completes its tipping or upsetting motion about the trunnions alone, unless this
motion has been completed before the completion of the purely side' motion. It' will
be evident that this" parallel motion arrangement may be applied to such wagons
as are designed.to tip to one side only; or at one or both ends.
"
My seconds arrangement or method of carrying the body of the wagon, which will
be referred to as the "triangular tipping" motion, consists of a triangularly shaped

page_text: support mounted at each end of the wagon frame, and carrying the body of the wagon
by means of two pins or trunnions at each end, (equidistant from the centre line);
such pins or trunnions resting on the inclined surfaces of the triangular support.
During filling and transport the body of the wagon is kept in a central vertical
position by means of stops, dropped into holes provided for the purpose in the inclined
sides of the triangular support; the pins or trunnions resting against these stops.
When it is desired to discharge the material, the stops on the tipping side are
removed, and the pins or trunnions on the tipping side slide down the same inclined
sides of the triangular supports; whilst those on the opposite inclined sides, from
which the stops have not been removed, slide up these sides. Permanent stops
provided at the base corners of the triangular supports limit the motion of the pins or
trunnions sliding downwards; the inertia of the full wagon body causes the wagon
body to tip or upset about the last mentioned trunnions, thereby discharging the
materials; the opposite trunnions rising in a curved line away from the sides of
the triangular support. This arrangement also can be readily adapted to single tipping
wagons, (i.e. which tip to one side only), and also to end tipping wagons. In these
cases the inclined sides of the triangular support may with advantage be made unequal
both in length and inclination.
"
The third of my improved arrangements, which will afterwards be referred to as the
"Self-acting Rolling Motion for Tip-Wagons, consists of a straight horizontal
cross bearing at each end of the wagon frame, on which bearings rest the pins or
trunnions of the wagon body. These pins or trunnions are by preference provided
with "runners." Both ends of each cross-bearing terminate in a curved lip or
projection on the upper side, which limit the side traverse of the trunnions. During
filling or transport each trunnion is held in a central position, on the cross bearing
by means of a hinged arm, hinged to each end of the wagon frame at the lower end
of the arm; the upper end of the arm being provided with a slot through which the
trunnion passes. The upper end of each arm is held in a central position by means of
pins passing through holes provided for them in the cross bearing. Towards the
lower half and on the inside thereof, each of the hinged arms is provided with a T
shaped recess formed in a swelling forged, cast, or otherwise fitted to the inner side of
the arm.
The upper horizontal part of the T recess extends fully across the whole
width of the swelling. A pin fixed to the end of the wagon body fits loosely in the
vertical portion of the just mentioned T recess, being at the lower end or bottom of
the vertical part when the body of the wagon is in a central upright position. When
it is desired to discharge the material, one of the pins holding each of the aforesaid
hinged arms, (i.e. those towards the tipping side), is withdrawn, and the trunnions,
(on friction runners,) are readily pushed along the horizontal bearing against the
curved lips or stops. This motion raises the lower pins, (attached to the ends of
the body of the wagon,) in the vertical portion of the T recess to the horizontal
portion, and the body being top heavy and already partially inclined, is now capable
of tilting or upsetting about its own axes or trunnions; the lower pins being free to
pass completely out of the top horizontal portions of the T recesses. The body of
wagon is readily brought back to its normal position, after the discharge of the
material, by a reversal of the motions just described. This arrangement also is capable
of being adapted to single side, and also to end-tipping wagons.
My last arrangements consist of an horizontal bearing or support provided with
various peculiarly shaped recesses formed to correspond with the shapes of the carrying
lugs attached to the ends of the body of the wagon. The horizontal bearings or
supports are mounted at or near the ends of the wagon frame.
D
11
007
1
1000

page_text: Improvements in Tip Wagons.
I JACQUES LEONARDUS DE JONG of 87 Woodland Lane Chapel Allerton near
Leeds in the County of York Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Improvements refer to that class of wagons employed for the removal of earth
or minerals, from which the material is discharged by partly upsetting or tipping
the body of the wagon, and for which purpose the body of the wagon is supported on
trunnions or axes at each end; such trunnions or axes being usually slightly below
the centre of gravity of the wagon body. My Improvements have for their object,
such methods of supporting or carrying the body from the frame, that the upsetting
or tipping action takes place more or less automatically, and the mechanism is simple
yet effective as regards both construction and use.
In order that the nature of my Invention and the manner in which the saine may
be performed may be more particularly and readily understood, reference will be had
in the following description to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and
marks thereon.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation, and Fig. 2 a part side elevation, of the second
arrangement or method of carrying the body of the wagon from the frame, and
referred to in my provisional specification as the " triangular tipping" motion.
This consists of a triangular shaped supports mounted at each end of the wagon
frame f, and carrying the body of the wagon w by means of two pins or trunnions tt
at each end (equidistant from the vertical centre line of the wagon); such pins or
trunnions resting on the inclined surfaces of the triangular support s. These
trunnions t may be provided with runners. During filling and transport the body of
the wagon wis kept in a centre vertical position by means of stops i, dropped into
holes provided for the purpose in the inclined sides of the triangular support s, the
pins or trunnions t only resting or pressing against one or other of the stops i in case
of unequal loading on the two sides, or being thrown to one side when passing over
rough road. There is no difficulty therefore in withdrawing one or other of the
stops i, when it is desired to discharge the material from the wagon. The stop i on
the tipping side as is evident, is the one required to be withdrawn, and the pin or
trunnion t on the same side slides down the inclined side of the triangular support on
which it rests, whilst the pin or trunnion on the opposite inclined side from which
the stop i has not been removed, slides up this side. Permanent stops j, formed or
provided at the base corners of the triangular support s, limit the motion of the
pins or trunnions .t sliding downwards; whilst the inertia of the full wagon body w
causes the wagon body to tip or upset about the trunnions or pins t then resting in
the permanent stops ;, thereby discharging the material, the opposite trunnion rising
in a curved line away from the sides of the triangular support s. The tipped position
of the wagon body w and of the pin or trunnion t is shewn by dotted lines in
Fig. 1. The wagon body w is prevented from tipping too far by the side of the wagon

page_text: frame f, or stops d attached thereto. I do not limit myself to the precise details of
the mode of construction or of carrying the triangular supports s, as it is evident that
these may be varied without altering the nature of my Invention, as will be seen by
example in Fig 1*; which shews in outline or end elevation such a triangular support
with permanent stops and carrying part all formed out of one length of flat bar.
This triangular tipping motion arrangement or method of carrying the body of the
wagon can also be readily adapted to single tipping wagons, (ie. which tip to one side
only), and also to end tipping wagons. As both these arrangements are very similar, I
have illustrated only the former, by end elevation in Fig. 3; in which the same letters
are used for as for similar parts in Figs. 1 and 2, and in which also the tipped position
is indicated by dotted lines. In this case the wagon body w may conveniently be
prevented from prematurely tipping by means of the hinged hook k, and an eye, or
by means of a sliding bolt fitting and sliding in a hole preferably in or near the ends
of the base of the triangular support, and arranged to shoot into a recess or against
a stop on the wagon body. The wagon body wo may be prevented from tipping too
far by catching against the wagon frame as above described for the double arrange-
ment; or a stop as shewn in Fig. 3 may be provided on the triangular support s.
The inclined sides of the triangular support may with advantage be made unequal in
length or inclination or both, such length and inclination being most conveniently
determined from the first and final positions of the pins or trannions t. The position
of the pins or trunuions in the end of the body of the wagon are preferably so
arranged, that the loaded wagon body is either in, or may be readily pushed into, a
position of unstable equilibrium.
Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the arrangement or method of supporting the body
of the tip wagon referred to in my provisional specification as the "parallel motion
arrangement. This consists in carrying each end trunnion of the body of the
wagon, preferably at or about the centre of a horizontal cross bar b, which latter is
connected at its ends by hinge or pin joints j to the upper ends of two parallel or
approximately parallel supports or standards s; these being hinged at their lower
ends h to the frame of the wagon. These ends h are preferably fixed at the same
distance apart as the pin joints j, in which case the two standards or supports s are
joined or tied across by guide rods r, with hinged joints at each end to the standards
or supports. These guide rods » pass through guides g, which prevent any undesirable
end wise movement of the body of the wagon. During filling or transport the body
of the wagon is prevented from upsetting on either side by loose stays y, dropped into
holes provided in the frane of the wagon. When the wagon has reached the spot
where the material has to be discharged, the stay is removed from the tipping side,
and the body of the wagon is then readily pushed over along with the parallel motion
to this side. When this motion has been continued a certain distance, any further
motion of the supports or standards 8, and consequently also of the pins or trunnions t,
is prevented by stops i; conveniently formed as shewn in Fig. 4 by the inclined sides
of the guide g, the inclination of these coinciding with the limiting or final position
of the standards or supports s when tilted towards the centre line of the wagon frame.
The inertia of the body of the wagon usually causes it to tip about the trunnion when
the side movement of the parallel motion is checked; though this tilting motion may
commence earlier. It will also be evident that this ""
parallel motion arrange-
ment may be applied to end-tipping wagons. The "parallel motion" arrangement
presupposes that the body of the wagon is provided with only one pin or trunnion at
each end.
"
The third of my improved arrangements for supporting the body of the wagon,
and which is referred to in my provisional specification as the "self-acting rolling
motion, is shewn in Fig. 5 in end elevation and in Fig. 6 in part side elevation. This
consists of a straight horizontal cross bearing b, provided at each end of the wagon
frame or supported thereon. Each end of the wagon is provided with a single pin
or trunnion t, which has a runner fitted thereon. The trunnion with its runner rests
upon the cross-bearing b. Both ends of the cross bearing terminate in or form a
curved lip or projection ; on the upper side, which limit the side motion or traverse

page_text: of the trannions. During filling and transport each trunnion is held in a central
position on the cross bearing b by means of a hinged arm a, hinged at its lower end
to the wagon frame, the upper end of the arm being provided with a slot, through
which the trunnion t passes. The upper end of each arm a is itself held in a central
position by means of pins m, passing through holes provided for them in the cross
bearing b. At about half length or slightly towards the lower part of the arm a, and
on the inside thereof is provided a T shaped recess, formed in a swelling w, forged,.
cast, or otherwise fitted on the inner side of the arm a. The upper horizontal part
of the T shaped recess extends fully across the whole width of the swelling. A pin n
fixed to the end of the wagon body, fits loosely in the vertical portion of the recess,
being at the lower end or botton thereof, when the body of the wagon is in a central
upright position. When it is desired to discharge the material, one of the pins m,
(viz. that towards the tipping side) is withdrawn, and the wagon body is readily
pushed towards the tipping side, running or carried on the runners of the trunnions t,
until these latter are brought up against the curved lips or stops j. This motion
causes the arm a to take the inclined position shewn by the dotted lines, and at the
same time raises the lower pin n up to the previously mentioned horizontal part of
the recess, which is now inclined. In this position of the pin and arm, the former is
free to move out of the recess, and allows the body w of the wagon, which has already
been tilted somewhat sideways, to complete the tipping or upsetting motion about the
trunnions. The body of the wagon is readily brought back to its normal position
after the discharge of the material by a reversal of the motions just described.
This arrangement is capable of being adapted also to single side-tipping wagons,
and is so illustrated in Fig. 7 in end elevation. As the same letters are used to
denote the same or similar parts as in Figs. 5 and 6, further description will be
unnecessary, except to point out, that the before mentioned T shaped recess is here
replaced by a shaped recess or slot, as is clearly shewn in Fig. 7.
One of the most important characteristics of my Invention in all of the above
described arrangements is, that not only is the centre of gravity of the loaded wagon
body not in the slightest raised by the tipping motions, but they permit of it being
actually lowered from the very commencement of the movements to tip the wagon, so
that very little power is required to manipulate even a very large and heavy tip
wagon of any of the above constructions. Also a combination of a side motion with
the rotary tipping motion, which occurs in all of the above arrangements, permits of
the material being discharged further away from the frame of the wagon.
My last arrangement illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 in end and side elevation
respectively, consists of a horizontal bearing or support b, having recesses and curved
side lips or stops j of the peculiar shape shewn in Fig. 8. The central recesses or
indentations are formed to correspond with the shape of the underside of the carrying
lagt, attached to the end of the wagon body, which carries also two pins n, n. These
on the tilting of the wagon body to the one side or the other, come the one or other
of them to rest in the extreme recess in one or other side of the bearing b. The
curved lips or stops are of such a length, as to allow the body of the wagon to
turn and lift slightly on either of the pins n as may happen, before limiting or stopping
the tilting of the wagon body at its extreme tipped position. As the material is
completely discharged, the wagon itself therefore automatically recoils to commence
the righting motion, which is then completed with but little necessary force
by the attendant. It will be evident that the carrying lug t may be replaced by
two pins.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1° The combination with a wagon body having a pair of trunnions at each end, of
a carriage having triangular or equivalently shaped supports, (provided with
permanent and temporary stops), mounted at each end of said carriage substantially
as and for purposes herein specified and as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 1ª and 3.

page_text: 2° The combination with a wagon body having a trunnion at each end, of a
carriage frame having a parallel motion arrangement mounted at end thereof,
in which the said trunnions are carried substantially as and for the purpose
specified and as illustrated.
3° The combination with a wagon body having a trunnion and a pin at each end,
of a carriage frame provided with a horizontal bearing (having end stops) mounted at
each end thereof, and a hinged arm having slot hole and T or L shaped recess
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth and as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
4° The combination with a wagon body having a carrying lug and 2 pins
(or 4 pins) at each end, of a carriage frame having mounted at each end thereof a
bearing with end lips or stops, the bed of said bearing being formed for receiving
said lug and pins all substantially as and for purposes specified, and as illustrated.
5° The use of triangular or equivalent shaped supports for carrying the trunnions
of tip wagons, having two trunnions at each end of the body of the wagon
substantially as herein set forth.
6° The use of parallel motion supports for carrying the trunnions of tip wagons
provided with one trunnion at each end of the body of the wagon substantially as
herein set forth.
7° The combination of a horizontal bearing having end stops, with a hinged arm
provided with a slot and a Tor shaped recess substantially as herein set forth.
The above claims are to be construed as applicable to end- as well as side-tipping
wagons.
Dated this 27th day of April 1883.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON, AR.S.M.,. Wh. Sc.,.
2, East Parade,. Leeds,
Agent for Applicant.