IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF THE APPARATUS OR MACHINERY MADE USE OF FOR MANUFACTURING BONNET AND CAP FRONTS, ROUCHES, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES OF MILLINERY
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Batkin Whitehall, of the Town and County of
the Town of Nottingham, Engineer, and Samuel Wheatcroft, of the
New North Road, County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF THE APPARATUS
OR MACHINERY MADE USE OF FOR MANUFACTURING BONNET AND CAP FRONTS,
ROUCHES, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES OF MILLINERY."
Sealed the 20th January 1860, and dated the 23rd July 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Batkin Whitehall
and Samuel Wheatcroft at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd July 1859.
I, JOHN BATKIN WHITEHALL, of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, Engineer, and I, SAMUEL WHEATCROFT, of the New North
Road, County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF
THE APPARATUS OR MACHINERY MADE USE OF POR MANUFACTURING BONNET AND CAP
FRONTS, ROUCHES, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES OF MILLINERY," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
The first part of our Invention relates to the form of the heat boxes used in
the apparatus or machines employed in the above-named manufacture, and
commonly called "banding machines." These boxes we form hollow and of a
conoidal prismoid or truncated wedge-prism shape, open at the base, the one.

page_text: side forming a larger angle with the top face than the other does, the angle of
which is a little more than a right angle. These boxes are placed parallel to
each other in pairs, and each turns on an axle or gudgeons supported on
bearings, on the frame of the machine. The short faces of each pair of
boxes being adjacent, and nearly in contact at their bases, near which the axis
of rotation passes, so that when the boxes oscillate round their axes, the inner
adjacent sides alternately approach and recede from each other, forming with
the small slips ordinarily placed between them the grooves within which the
blond or other material forming the cap or bonnet front is inserted within the
band.
The means by which we actuate the said boxes so as to give each pair the
necessary angular motion is as follows:-The machine is fitted with two pairs
of boxes so as to form two grooves, and the action is such, that when one
groove is open or opening, the other is shut or closing two of the boxes; the
two central ones have each a small arm projecting downwards below the axes
on which they rotate. If, then, a force be applied to these arms, urging each
in the same direction, it will be evident that both boxes will turn in the same
direction, and each in turning will act upon the adjoining side of its adjacent
box, and cause it to oscillate in a contrary direction to its own motion, so
that the adjacent edges of each pair will either be meeting each other or
retreating from each other, thus forming or closing the angular grooves
before mentioned. We obtain this force by causing a rod to act simulta-
neously on the small projecting arm on each of the central boxes; the one
extremity of the rod has a quick motion screw cut upon it, and works in a
boss having a corresponding female thread. Other portions of the rod are
attached to the arms in such a way that when the screw is turned to the
right or left, the pendant arms are urged in a backward or foreward direction,
and thus actuate each pair of boxes; by reversing the motion of the screw
the arms are pulled in the opposite direction, and in this way the grooves are
alternately opened and closed. The boxes are heated in the usual manner,
either by means of gas ignited or by hot water or steam conveyed to them by
means of pipes passing within them and running throughout their length.
The next part of our Invention relates to the mode of transferring the
knife, or box, or bar made use of in the said machines from over one groove
to the other; this is usually done by sliding the upright on which it is
suspended along groove or slide on each side of the machine. As this
seldom works easily or truly, we propose, to fix the uprights (which support
the knife, and are usually fixed on each side of the machine) on a horizontal
bar which is attached to, and supported by two parallel radious bars turning

page_text: freely on it and on fixed centres, so that by acting upon the radious bars in the
usual way, the horizontal bar, and with it the uprights and knife, move
through a fixed arc, which brings the latter directly over the groove where it
is required. By reversing the action of the radious bars, it is carried back
nanin
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Batkin Whitehall and Samuel Wheatcroft in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd January 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
BATKIN WHITEHALL, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham,
Engineer, and SAMUEL WHEATCROFT, of the New North Road, County of
Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Batkin Whitehall and Samuel Wheatcroft, Her special licence that
we, the said John Batkin Whitehall and Samuel Wheatcroft, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Batkin
Whitehall and Samuel Wheatcroft, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF THE APPARATUS OR
MACHINERY MADE USE OF FOR MANUFACTURING BONNET AND CAP FRONTS, ROUCHES,
AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES OF MILLINERY," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Batkin Whitehall and Samuel Wheatcroft, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Batkin Whitehall and Samuel
Wheatcroft, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement; that is to say :-
Our Invention consists in certain improvements in the mode of forming,
constructing, combining, and actuating several of the different parts of
machines used in the manufacture of cap and bonnet fronts, rouches, and
such like articles of millinery, and usually called "banding machines. In
order more clearly to explain the nature of these improvements, we have
appended to this Specification the accompanying Drawings, which are intended
to illustrate the general form, outline, and mode of combining these parts, and
also the main principles which we adopt for actuating and working the different
portions, so as to produce a perfect acting machine. It is not intended, how-
ever, that we confine ourselves to the exact shape, figure, outline, and mode of
combining and actuating therein shewn, as the form of some of the parts may
be varied and modified, and different and other well-known combinations and
analogous designs may substitute those we have introduced, so as to effect a
similar purpose; at the same time we believe that the general principles of
form, combination, and mode of working shewn in the Drawings, together
with the detailed and varied description herein-after given in this Specification,
will produce the objects to be desired in a better manner than in any other
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, are respectively an end elevation, a front elevation,
a transverse section, and a plan of one of our improved machines, and intended
to exhibit the main principles of construction, with the functions of the several
parts and the modes of actuating them.
A, A, is the frame of the machine upon which the motive parts are sup-
ported; a, a, a, a, are four heat boxes forming two pairs, and heated preferably
by means of gas conveyed to them by the tubes b, b, b, and b¹, b¹, b¹; these
heat boxes are supported on a side carriage a², and oscellate on the gudgeon
extremities a¹, a'; t, t, are teeth or indents which gear into each other
between each pair of boxes; a pallet or pendant a³ is attached to or forms
part of a side of one box of each pair; over these boxes are placed fixed plates
d, d, and in the space formed between the upper surface of each pair of boxes
are a pair of small slips c, c'; a quick motion screw g' has one end terminating
in a handle g', and on the other two pairs of collars or shoulders, the spindle
between each pair passing through and working in the pallets a³, a³, of the
heat boxes. A knife e is suspended to the frame f, and mounted on the guide
spindles f, f, and by means of the rods, levers, and cranks ƒ², ƒ³, ƒˆ‚ ƒ³‚ ƒª,

page_text: is connected with the treaddle f'; a coiled spring fs is also attached to the
same system of levers; the guide spindles f¹, f', are attached to the parallel
motion links h', h, h, so that by means of the handle h the knife can be
thrown over from the groove c to the other groove c', and at the same time
retained in a parallel and perpendicular position; mounted on the same
spindles are a pair of parallel guides g³, g, which by means of the end parallel
rods g', g', turning freely on their centres, and also on the extremities of g³, g³,
the system forms a jointed parallelogram which can be set at any angle, the
limiting distance being the length of the end rods g', I'.
The mode of working this machine is as follows:-The band being formed
in the usual way, and partly damped or wetted, is placed within the open
groove and between the slips at c (Fig. 3); the blond and lace which has
been goffered, and is technically called "the quilling," is then placed over the
same groove, and resting upon the fixed plates d, d, (the use of which are
simply to prevent the material from coming in contact with the upper surface
of the heat boxes a, a, and getting singed or soiled by them,) and by means of
the parallel guides g', g', it is brought centrically and symetrically over the
groove; by pressing the treddle f", the knife e is caused to descend and forces
the centre of the quilling within the groove and into the band which lies
between the slips, forming a similar angle so as easily to receive it; the quick
motion screw now gets a turn to the right or to the left, and the collars
acting on the pallets a³ cause them to turn on their axles and bring their
upper faces together, so as to nip or compress the slips, and with them the
band, and that part of the quilling inserted within it; as soon as the com-
pressing action takes place, the pressure being removed from the treddle, the
knife, under the action of the spring f, rises up to the first position. The
same action of the screw which causes the heat boxes forming groove c to
close, also causes the pair forming c¹ to open, and by means of the handle h
and the parallel links h1, h2, h3, the knife and the guide bars are carried cen-
trically over the groove c', and the same operation repeated there again; while
the front is being inserted within the band in one groove, the other groove
is being cleared of the front which has been united to its band, and a new
band inserted for another operation, and this repeated with the one after the
other.
The portions of this machine which we believe to be new, and claim as our
Invention, are, first, the form of the heat boxes shewn in the Drawing, which
not only give the largest amount of internal beating surface, but enable them
easily to turn on their axes; second, the mode of actuating these boxes through
the quick motion screw, the pallets, and the teeth or indents on the boxes, by.

page_text: means of which we form the grooves for compressing the quillings within the
bands; also the substitution of cams, racks, and pinions, and levers to effect
the same motion of the boxes; third, the suspensory arrangement of the knife,
and most particularly the means adopted for transferring it from one groove to
another, or simply for removing it from over the groove in machines having
only one groove, the means being by the parallel link motion shewn in the
Drawings, or by a rack and pinion, or by toothed gear, or a cam, or any other
well-known mechanical device by which a parallel and reciprocating motion
can be obtained. We claim also all or any of these arrangements to a single
grooved machine.
Figures 5, 6, & 7 & 8 are similar and corresponding elevation, sections,
and plan to those of Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4; the object of these is to shew a
similar machine to that above described, but having several of the functional
or working parts different both in form and action. The frame of this machine
being similar to the last is shewn broken off in the Drawings, the object
intended being simply to shew the working parts. The difference between
this machine and the last then consists, first, in the way in which the heat
boxes are made, the same principle of form existing as in the last described
boxes; second, the mode by which they are actuated, that is, caused to rotate
on their axes, so as to open and close at the top, and thus form the grooves;
third, the means of effecting this; fourth, the introduction of oscillating
covering plates instead of the fixed ones before mentioned; fifth, the mode or
modes of effecting the movements of these plates. As in the first described
machine A, A, is the frame; a, a, the heat boxes; a', a', their axles; e, the knife;
f, the knife frame; ƒ ƒ³,ƒ³, f*, &c., the connecting rods for working the
knive, as before mentioned; d, d, & d', d', are two pairs of oscillating plates
covering the heat boxes; d, d², pins attached to the extremities of the plates;
d, d³, jointed rods attached also to the extremities of the plates, so as to
connect their movements and open and shut with the plates; d, d*, spiral or
other springs, the object of which is to keep the plates open when not acted
upon by any other force; o¹, 0', two small hooks; 71, 71, two small springs for
acting upon the said hooks. All these parts have been exaggerated in size
in order more clearly to shew their functions, and to illustrate one of our
modes of actuating them; c, c¹, are, as before, the two grooves formed by each
pair of boxes, and indicate also each pair of slips. Returning again to the
heat boxes, it will be seen that the levers 9', 9, have each their extremities
bolted to the inner surface 8, 8, of each alternate heat box, each box being
held in a certain position to its fellow by means of the springs j,
two clutches or checks 93, 9', suspended from the front of the
(see Fig. 7);
machine, are

page_text: each retained in a certain position by the springs n, n', which stretch from one
to the other.
C
Having now described and enumerated the different parts, we will shew the
method of working them :-The band having been placed between the slips in
the grooves, and the quilling in its turn being inserted by the knive within the
band, the handle g' is pressed down; from the position of the line of the axis
of rotation of the box to which the lever is attached, the box will rotate in a
similar direction to the latter, and in doing so will cause its fellow box to
rotate in the opposite direction, and the two slips and the band and quilling
will be compressed between them, and hence united to each other. It will be
seen that the action of the spring j tends to pull the boxes back into their first
open position, and would do so but for the action of the clutch g' on the
lever g', in pressing down the handle within the clutch (see Fig. 6); the
hooked portion of the clutch g³ is forced back, and the lever 9' is at once
detached from this clutch, and under the action of the spring ; rises up, and the
boxes which were kept closed by it are now opened. A similar operation is
now repeated with the other boxes, thus bringing one successively into action
as the other goes out, and rendering the operation continuous. Next, with
regard to the function and action of the angle or oscillating plates d', d, and
d', d', (see Figure 5). The use of the covering plates in the last-mentioned
machine, which were fixed and horizontal, was simply to prevent damage to
the fabrics from coming in contact with the heat boxes; the plates in Fig. 5
have, however, other and more important functions, that is to say, they
materilly assist in causing the quilling to be centrically inserted by the knife
within the band in the grooves; and in addition, for that is more an accidental
property of them, they give a support to the sides of the quilling, which, when
the central part is inserted within the groove, stand up above the grooves. We
find that when there is no support to these sides of the fabric, the cap front,
instead of having its edges straight, is wavy throughout its length, or what
is known in the trade as "s vandyked.") To prevent this is the object of
these plates. In the appended Drawings we have shewn a method of working
these plates, but it will be evident to any mechanician that the motion and
mode of actuating them may be obtained in very many ways, therefore we do
not claim any particular mode of working these plates, but simply the use of
oscillating or angle plates for effecting the purpose last named, that is to say,
the protection of the fabric from the action of the heat boxes; the central
insertion of of the quilling within the band; and, finally, and chiefly, to support
the sides of the front when under the compressing action of the boxes.
In the plan shewn in Fig. 5, which is a partially sectional elevation of the

page_text: different parts, which are all drawn considerably exaggerated in size, the
position of the plates through the action of the springs d', d', is naturally open;
suppose then the operation to commence over the plates d', d', the knife being
suspended over the other groove c, the band is first inserted between the slips,
the plates being at an angle, that is open; the knife is brought over the
groove c' by means of the handle h being raised, and the action of the parallel
liuks h', h2, h3, forming the jointed parallelogram; on its passage from groove c
to groove c', the joints of the links h2, h3, act upon the studs or pins d², d,
which are fixed to the extremities of the plates, or on the central axes on which
they rotate, and raise them up, consequently depressing the plates d, d, and
d', d', into a horizontal position, and so as nearly to meet each other exactly
over the centre of the groove or slips, leaving only a small slit or opening
between them. In order to retain them in this position after the links fall away
from them, one of each pair of plates is caught by the small hooks o, which
being acted upon by the springs r, r, retain them in the horizontal position.
The quilling is now laid over the plates and adjusted by the parallel bars, so
as to place it centrically over the groove c'; the knife is now brought down and
the central part of the quilling fixed through the slit between the plates and
into the band in the groove, the heat boxes at the same instant being caused to
nip; the knife in its descent through the pins 1, 2, strikes the small hooks o¹, o¹,
and relieves them from the pressure of the springs r, r, and the plates d', d³,
and d, d, under the action of the springs d', d', instantly open and support the
sides of the sides of the front during the time the band portion is being com-
pressed and dried; the same operation may now be repeated at the other
groove c, the plates being actuated in a similar manner by the knife in its
return over the groove c. It will be understood that each of the sucessive actions
just described follow each other so quickly as to bo nearly contemporaneous.
The pins,, serve also to regulate the depth which it is wished the knife
should enter the groove. It will be easily seen that the same form, combination,
and mode of actuating the several parts shewn in these two machines will be
equally applicable to a machine with one pair of heat boxes, that is, to what is
called a single machine in contradistinction to the machines described, which
are called double banding machines; of course such modifications and omissions
being made as will at once be evident. It will also be apparent that the form
and mode of working the heat boxes in the first described machine may be
combined with the oscillating plates in the second, and vice versa; moreover,
that both modes of actuating or working the boxes may be substituted by cams,
toothed gear, rack and pinion, or such like similar motion, always retaining the
simultaneous oscillatory principle by means of which the opening and closing

page_text: of the grooves is obtained. Furthermore, it will be seen that, as before
mentioned, the parallel link motion for transferring the knive from off one
groove to another, or for simply carrying it off from the one groove in the
single machine, may be substituted by a rack and pinion motion, or by cam
and slot guide, or by a combination of toothed gear or a crank and slot link, all
or ary of which will effect a similar action, and which we claim as an improve-
ment over the method at present adopted, that is, sliding the supports of the
knife backwards and forwards in grooves or slides formed with or attached to
the side frames of the machine. It will also be seen that when we adapt
other means of transferring the knife, we must actuate or work our oscillating
plates d, d, and d', d', somewhat differently, according to the kind of motion
we substitute for the parallel link motion.
Hitherto it has been usual to work all the banding machines by an
operator throwing each particular part into action at the instant the action of
the part or parts was required, hence the absence of the operator at any
moment brings the machine to a stand still. We propose, however, to avoid
the continued action and attention on the part of the operator, and render the
machine in a great measure self-acting, and capable of completing all the
various sucessive motions and movements by itself. To effect this we intro-
duce an arrangement similar to that shewn in Fig. 9 of the Drawings, which
is intended to exhibit a machine having all the working parts as in the two
previously described machines, and having, in addition, a main driving shaft,
from which, by means of cams, excentrics, levers, toothed gear and straps,
motion is transmitted to all the different parts; thus, 1 is the back of the
knife; 2, the knife; 3, 3, the covering plates, which may be either fixed or
oscillating, and either in one or two pairs, according as the machine is single
or double, that is, according as it has one or two pairs of heat boxes; 4, 4, the
heat boxes, and like the plates, either one or two pairs; 5 and 6, shafts for
working the plates; 7, the main driving shaft, from which all the other
movements are transmitted; 8, a shaft for raising and depressing the knife;
9, a rack and pinion motion to carry the knife from one groove to another, or
from over the groove in a single machine; of course link motion or toothed
gear, or any of the fore-mentioned devices, may be substituted; 10, a cam and
truck to close the back boxes or groove; 12, a cam and truck to open the
front oscillating plates; 13, a similar arrangement for the back ones; 14, a
cam lever and truck to bring the knive down after being raised; 15, & cam
and pin for moving the rack and pinion motion used for carying the knife
backwards and forewards; 17 & 18, cams or pullies for actuating 1 or 2 pairs
of cutters or scissors fixed on each side of the machine, and used for cutting

page_text: off the bands in lengths, and also the proper lengths for quilling. We propose
also to mount a reel or spool in proper bearings on the side frame of the
machine, and upon it we wind the bands which have been previously folded;
the reel is put in motion by a band and pulley passing from the main driving
shaft. As the band net is unwound from the reel, it passes under a roller,
which has its under side turning in water or gum, and is thus moistened. By
means of the hand or a guide it is then drawn over the grooves, and the lengths
being adjusted, it is cut at the proper moment by scissors or cutters before
mentioned, as worked from the driving axle.
In like manner, in some of our machines, where convienient, we propose to
connect the goffering machine, and drive it also from the same driving axle;
and by means of similar arrangements to those last described, the fabric may
be goffered, and the quilling laid on the covering plates d, d, and cut off in
proper lengths by means of the shears or cutters, as before described. The
improvements we claim as new and our Invention under this last head are
an arrangement similar to that shewn in Fig. 9, by means of which the
machine, whether single or double, may be rendered self-acting, having all its
various movements and actions transmitted to each of the several parts from
one main driving axle, by means of cams, levers, toothed gear, pullies, and
links, as here-within described, as well as the combination of the bands, reel,
and goffering, either one or both, with the banding machine, to be worked in
the manner described.
The next part of our Invention relates to the construction of machines, or
rather the modification of our herein-before described banding machines, to be
used for the manufacture of graduated fronts; these are fronts having the
blond deeper or wider at the sides than in the centre.
For this purpose we
prefer to use a machine having two grooves, similar to those in the Drawings;
one pair of boxes, however, we would prefer to heat with steam, the other
with gas; the knife is, in this case, made of a segmental or curved form, (as
shewn by the dotted line in Figure 2, placed on each side of the knife, and
attached to the back, but in such a way as not to effect its action, are two bars
or clips, which are constructed to turn on their axes, so as to open and shut
when required, and thus grasp or set free any substance between them; the
boxes forming the groove, which we prefer to heat with steam, are made
shallow, and have fixed underneath them two blades in such a way as to form
2
pair of shears, and to act when required by means of a spring or other
pressure exerted upon them; the goffered material being now placed ower the
covering plates, the segmental knife is made to descend, and forces the quilling
centrically between the boxes, the centre portion being forced deeper in than

page_text: the extremities; the boxes are now made to nip or compress it, and the same
action causes the shears to cut off the depressed curved portion of the quilling,
leaving it quite straight; the knife is now caused to descend again, and this
time the clipping bars are made to open and grasp the quilling, and the groove
being opened, they rise again, carrying with them the quilling; they are then
transferred with the knife over to the other groove, within which a proper band
has been placed; the clipping bars or box is again brought down, and the
quilling inserted within the band, and compressed in the usual manner; the
same process is then repeated again, the one groove being used to cut the
quilling straight and the other to fix it to the band. In this improvement we
claim as new the mode of forming the graduated front by the means and after
the method described.
In the manufacture of singles at the present time there is a considerable
loss of time as well as difficulty in keeping the part which has to be inserted
within the band straight, and also in getting the band put on evenly and
straight. We propose to obviate this in the following manner:-We form the
heat and compressing boxes, so that one box, the fixed one, shall have a
fixed blade or bar, the upper or moveable compressing bar having a rotating
or moveable blade attached to it, and by means of a spring or other pressure
each time the bar is brought down the blade is caused to oscillate, and thus
cut any substance placed between the upper and lower blades; the quilling
being arranged in the cradle boxes described in Mr. Wheatcroft's Specifi-
cation of the 19th February 1859, having the part to be inserted within the
band exposed, this portion being placed upon the fixed box, the upper bar is
brought down, and compresses it, while at the same time the knife or blades cut
off the uneven portion, and form it into an even and straight edge; the band
is then put on this portion in the usual manner. In this improvement we
claim the general combination and arrangement just described for effecting
the purpose within mentioned.
The next part of our Invention relates to an improvement in those banding
machines which have one of the boxes or pressing bars moveable and the
other fixed. Hitherto the great objection to the use of these machines has
been the difficulty of getting the quilling properly or centrically inserted within
the band; first, owing to the difficulty of always having the knife properly
centered, and the groove not being always in the same central line; to obviate
this, we propose to fix on these bars or boxes covering plates, similar to those
described in our first machine; the one plate will move with the moveable box
or bar, and the other remain fixed on the immoveable box or bar; we propose
also to fix and carry the knife always with the moveable bar, so that when once

page_text: set centrically and parallel with the edges of the boxes or bars, it will always
remain so. In this improvement we claim the use of covering plates to be
fixed as described, and also the plan of fixing the knife to the moveable box
or bar of banding machines wherein one of the boxes or bars is fixed, and the
other moveable substantially as before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Wheatcroft, for and on the
behalf of the said John Batkin Whitehall and myself, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of January, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
JAMES WRIGHT,
42, Bridge Street, Blackfriars,
London.
SAM WHEATCROFT. (L.s.)