Automatic Segment Stops and Silent Driving Apparatus for Lathes and other Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 6th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 28th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Automatic Segment Stops and Silent Driving Apparatus for Lathes
and other Machines.
We JOHN JACOB HOLTZAPFFEL of 64 Charing Cross and GEORGE WILLIAM BUDD
of 127 Long Acre in the county of Middlesex Engineers do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to obtain a more or less slow and uniform rotation or
partial rotation of the Lathe mandrel or other spindle shaft or screw in a Lathe or other
machine, which may be stopped at any desired point automatically or by hand,
independently of any movement that may be occurring in any other part of the Lathe
or machine to which our invention may be applied.
In order to obtain this result we employ a wormnwheel of a suitable number of tootli,
attached to the Lathe mandrel spindle shaft or screw-in the case of a Lathe to the
mandrel or Lathe pulley. This worm wheel is driven by a tangent screw in the usual
manner which screw we usually place in a carriage or holder, so that it can be thrown
in or out of gear as required by means of an eccentric cam or other suitable device.
On one end of the tangent screw we place a second worm wheel, usually of smaller
diameter and of whatever number of teeth we may require, which will be determined
by each particular case in which we apply our invention, and this worm wheel is in its
turn driven by a tangent screw, also in a carriage which is so arranged that the screw
is thrown in or out of gear either automatically or by hand as required.
16
In the case of a Lathe head, as an illustration, we employ the tangent scrow and
Segment stop Apparatus as contrived by John Jacob Holtzapffel and now generally
used of which a complete description may be found in Volume V of Holtzapffels
Turning and Mechanical Manipulation" and at the one or other end of the tangent
scrow, but usually that occupied by the micrometers, we place the second worm wheel
and to the vertical stop or post we attach in a convenient manner the carriage
carrying the second tangent screw, which tangent screw we make of any convenient
number of threads, either single, double or multiplex, as we require a greater or less
speed to be given to the tangent wheel in connection with it.
At one end of this tangent screw we place a pulley for the driving band-this
band we generally though not invariably drive from the overhead motion of the Lathe,
and in this case the tangent screw is placed above the worin wheel-we so arrange the
carriage of this tangent screw that it is pivotted or hinged at the opposite end of the
carriage to the driving pulley and we place a spring honeath it so that when the catch,
which holds the screw in gear with the wormwheel is withdrawn the carriage rises
and the screw is thrown out of goar with the wormwheel, but the screw continues to
revolve under the influence of the driving band. The amount of movement allowed
to the screw carriage is regulated in a convenient manner so that the screw shall be
out of gear and no more.
In using our apparatus on machines other than Lathes & in some cases on Lathes
when it is convenient to drive the band otherwise than from the overhead motion we
place the second tangent screw in its carriage beneath the tangent wheel in which case
the carriage is constructed as described in our Provisional Patent No. 17824-1888.
When our apparatus is used only as a driving gear, we arrange that it shall be
thrown out of action by means of a small lever attached to the beforementioned catch
(which usually takes the form of a hook) of which one end bears against the support
of the screw carriage and any movement given to this lever causes the catch to be
withdrawn and the carriage is thrown upwards by means of the beforementioned
spring. We usually replace the carriage by hand by pressing it downwards by hand
or by a lever and a spring placed behind the catch causes it to return to its place and
hold the screw and wormwheel in gear.

page_text: In order that our invention may be used as an automatic apparatus for segment
work, or that in which the spindle or mandrol makes only a partial rotation, we attach
to the vertical stop or post in a convenient manner a rod which has a vertical
movement only and on this rod we place two adjustable stops-iho rod is screwed
or threaded or otherwise arranged so that those two pieces can be placed in their
required positions as regards the work, so as to cause the catch to be released at the
preciso point necessary we usually control these stops by nuts, which may take the
form of milled discs, and each stop is provided in such a manner that when placed in
position it is locked or fixed there.
The rod at its lower end has a saddle or bridge piece of suitable form which
embraces the end of the pivot on which the catch works, one side of this piece is so
arranged that it catches under a transverse pin placed through the pivot and the other
side is caused to rest on the opposite end on the top of the same pin-any movement
either upwards or downwards causes the pivot to rotate and withdraw the catch and
so allow the screw carriage to rise as before described.
The Segment Plate of a Lathe is formed on the face of the tangent wheel first
described and has a suitable number of holes pierent therein and when the Segment
pins are placed in any of these holes and the mandrel or spindle is caused to rotate one
or other of these pins will come in contact with one of the stops and give a movement
to the rod either upwards or downwards according to the direction of rotation of the
mandrel or spindle, either of which movements will cause the catch to be withdrawn
at the precise moment required.
In the progress of working it is frequently desirable to vary the length of the
partial rotation of the mandrel or spindle and yet to be able to determine the exact
moment when the catch shall be released and in order to provide for this we use a
clamping screw of suitable form to grip the rod when necessary for that purpose. At
times also it is desirable that our apparatus shall only work automatically in one
direction and start the revolution from a fixed point- in this case we release the
adjustable stop not required and put it out of action -o that the segment pin can no
longer come in contact with it and we employ as our starting point the adjustable
screw stop as usually constructed.
From the above description it is shown that our invention is not only applicable to
Lathes but will be a useful addition to shaping milling, or other machines where a
more or less slow and regular movement is required to be given to a spindle,
mandrel screw or shaft whether placel horizontally vertically or in any other required
position, and where it is desirablo to stop that rotation at any desired place, and our
apparatus can also be used as a dividing engine by arranging the number of teeth in
each tangent wheel and giving the sumiller any number of complete or partial
revolutions as required.
Dated this 5th day of February 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Automatic Segment Stops and Silent Driving Apparatus for Lathes
and other Machines.
We JonN JACOr Holtzapffel of 61 Charing Cross and GEORGE WILLIAM BUDD
of 127 Long Acre in the county of Middlesex, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
In the production of work of various kinds, it is often desirable to produce a more
or less slow and uniform rotation or partial rotation of the Latho mandrel or other
spindle shaft or screw in a Lathe or other unchine, which may be stopped at any
desired point nutomatically or by hand, independently of any movement that may be
occurring in any other part of the Lathe or machine to which our invention may be
applied.

page_text: In order to gain this result we employ a wormw eel of a suitable number of teeth,
which is attached to the Lathe mandrel, pulley, spindle shaft or screw to which we
desire to give the motion. This wormwheel is driven by a tangent scrow in the usual
manner, that is by a tangent screw that can be thrown in or out of gear, or that is
always in goar with this worm wheel. On one end of this tangent screw wo plaeo a
second wormwheel usually of smaller diameter and of whatever number of teeth we
may find convenient, the size of the wheel and the number of teeth depending partly
upon the speed at which the apparatus is required to work, partly upon the space to
be occupied by the apparatus and partly upon whether it is convenient to use a
multiple threaded screw to drive the wormwheel. These points we arrange as most
convenient in each application of our invention. This worn wheel in its turn is driven
by a tangent screw placed in a carriage which is so arranged that being pivotted at
one end it can be moved or turned either automatically or by hand and the screw is
placed in or thrown out of gear at any required part of the rotation of the Lathe
mandrel or other spindle shaft or screw.
In the case of a Latho head which we describe as an illustration, we employ the
Tangent screw and Segment Engine Apparatus as usually applied, and of which a
complete description may be found in Volume V of Holtzapffel's "Turning and
Mechanical Manipulation" and to this we apply our invention.
At one end of the tangent screw usually on that occupied by the micrometers we
place the second wormwheel, and to the vertical stop or post we attach a projecting
piece or bar to which the carriage carrying the tangent scrow is attached. At one
end of this tangent scrow we place a pulley for the driving band. This band we
generally though not invariably, drive from the Overhead Motion of the Lathe, and
when we do so the tangent screw is placed above the worm wheel, and we so arrange
the tangent screw carriage, that it is pivotted or hinged to the projecting piece or bar
or to some convenient part of the apparatus at the opposite end of the carriage to that
of the driving pulley. Beneath the carriage we place a spring, so that when a catch
which holds the carriage down, and consequently the tangent screw in gear with the
wormwheel, is withdrawn, the carriage rises or turns on its pivot and the screw is
lifted out of gear with the wheel. In using our apparatus on machines other than
Lathes, and in some cases on Lathes, we may place the tangent screw in its carriage
beneath the tangent wheel, in which case the carriage will be constructed as described
in our Patent No. 17824 A.D. 1888. In cases where the band is not driven from the
Overhead Motion or shafting we may vary the construction of the apparatus so that
when the catch is withdrawn the tangent screw may still be thrown out of gear by
placing the spring above instead of below the moveable carriage.
When our apparatus is used only as a driving gear we arrange that it shall be
thrown out of action by means of a small lever attached to the beforementioned catch
(which usually takes the form of a hook) of which one end bears against the support
of the tangent screw carriage and pressure on this lever causes the catch or hook to be
withdrawn and the carriage is then thrown upwards by means of the spring beneath
it. We usually replace the carriage by band, pressing it downwards and a spring
placed behind the hook or catch causes it to return to its place and retain the carriage
in its place as required. In the case of large and heavy applications of our invention
we shall employ a lever for this purpose.
As the tangent screw continues to revolve under the influence of the driving band,
we employ a stop to regulate the amount of movement allowed to the carriage so that
it shall move sufficiently to permit the screw to be out of gear with the wormwheel
but no further.
In order that our invention may be used as an Automatic Apparatus for Segment
work, or work in which the spindle andrel shaft or screw makes only a partial
rotation we attach to the vertical stop or post, a rod which is allowed a vertical
movement only and on this rod we place two adjustable stops. We usually screw or
thread this rod as shown in the illustration, so that each stop by the arrangement of
two nuts, which we usually make of the form of milled discs, may be adjusted by one
and locked in its place on the rod by the other. The rod at its lower end has a saddle

page_text: or bridge piece which embraces the end of the pivot to which the catch is attached—
one side of this piece is so arranged, usually by placing an elongated hole through it,
that it catches the underside of a transverse pin placed through the pivot, and the
other side is caused to rest on the upper side of the same pin, but on the opposite side
of the pivot. Any movement of the rod either upwards or downwards causes the
pivot to partially rotate and with it the hook or catch, which is in consequence
withdrawn, allowing the screw carriage to rise or move as before described.
The Segment Plate of a Lathe is formed on the face of the first tangent wheel
described, and has a number of equidistant holes. (usually 72, but the actual number
is of no importance to our invention) pierced therein and when a pin or pins are
placed in any of these holes and the mandrel or spindle is caused to rotate, one or
other of these pins will presently come in contact with one of the stops, and its
continued rotation will give a movement to the rod, in the same direction in which the
mandrel or spindle is rotating, and whether the movement is upwards or downwards
the catch will be withdrawn by the pressure of the saddle piece or one or other end of
the transverse pin, causing the pivot of the hook or catch to rotate and release the
tangent screw carriage.
In the progress of working it is frequently desirable to vary the amount of the
partial rotation of the mandrel or spindle and yet to determine the exact moment
when the catch shall be released, and in order to provide for this, we use n
clamping screw, usually with a square head for a key, to grip the rod, as described
hereafter. At times also it is desirable that our apparatus shall only work automatically
in one direction, starting the revolution of the mandrel or spindle from a fixed point,
and in this case we release the adjustable stop not required and turn it round on the
rod so that the segment pin no longer comes in contact with it, but with one or other
of the adjustable screw stops as usually constructed in the tangent screw and
Segment stop Apparatus.
A reference to the drawings in which like letters represent like parts will help to
explain the construction of our invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a Lathe head with the usual tangent scrow movement
having our invention attached is the driving pulley and b, the tangent screw
driving the tangent wheel e placed on the end of the inngent screw of the usual
tangent screw movement, e is the carriage for the tangent screw and it is hinged
at the end is the hook or catch which retains the carriage in its place when the
tangent screw is in gear and y is the spring which causes the hook to return to its
place when the carriage is depressed and the screw placed in gear- is the stop to
regulate the distance the carriage is required to rise; i is the pivot to which the
hook or catch is attached and one end of the transverse pin, which passes through it;
&is the saddle or bridge piece on the lower end of the rol i, to which movement is
given by the segment pin m coming in contact with the adjustable stops nn, which
are raised or depressed on the threaded or screwed rod by the milled nuts oo, and
clamped by the milled nuts pp. The usual screw stops attached to the vertical stop or
post are shewn at ; is the screw which clamps the rod when required. Figuro 2
is an end elevation of Figure 1, the greater part of the apparatus being dotted in, us
it is concealed by the pulley and Segment Plates is the bent lever for releasing the
catch by hand. Figure 3 is an end elevation showing the saddle or bridge piece k
with the side t, resting on the top of the pin and the end or side w, entching
underneath the other end of the pin, more clearly shown in Figures 1 & 5. Figure 4
is the opposite end elevation showing the hook or catch projecting over and holding
the carriage el, and having attached to it the levers, of which one end rests against e
the support to which the carriage ois hinged.
When the Apparatus is to be used for Segment work, and consequently the length
of the partial rotation is to be determined, the band being placed around the pulley a,
the apparatus is driven until, as an illustration, the segment pin m, comes in contact
with the adjustable stop at the top of the rod; continuod driving will cause the rod to
be depressed until the partial rotation of the pivot i, by the pressure of the
suddlo piece k, at the end of the transverse pin, will cause the pivot and with it

page_text: the hook to partially rotate until the tangent screw and carriage are released, the
rod is then clamped by the screw r; the segment pin m is removed and the mandrel
or spindle is continued in its rotation or its motion is reversed by means of the
tangent screw & until the desired point is reached, when the segment pin is inserted
in a convenient hole in the plate and the adjustable stop is raised or lowerod as
roquired until it is in contact with the underside of the pin-the screw is then
released, and it will be found that whenever the segment pin reaches that precise
point the tangent screw will be thrown out of gear. The same description applies to
the arrangement of the longth of the other end of the partial rotation. It will be clear
from Figure 4 that pressure applied to the lever s, will cause the hook or catch to be
withdrawn. The hook or catch is constructed on the same principle as that described
in our Patent before referred to and the tangent screw, is also made as therein
described of a single or multiple thread as required. When our invention is not
required for use the whole apparatus, except the tangent wheel c, can be detached
from the Lathe hend by the removal of the screw w.
Wo can apply our invention to machines other than lathes, the application to which
is described as an illustration, but it will be a very useful addition to shaping or
milling machines and others where a more or less slow and regular movement is
required to ho given to a spindle mandrel scrow or shaft, whether placed horizontally
vertically or at any other required angle, whether it is required to stop the rotation at
any point automatically or not, and our apparatus can also be used as a dividing
engine by arranging the number of teeth in each tangent wheel and giving the smaller
any number of complete or partial revolutions by means of its tangent scrow as
required, using micrometers if desired.
We do not claim the Tangent Screw and Segment stop Apparatus above mentioned,
nor the application of a tangent wheel at the end of the tangent screw of the
Apparatus, driven by a tangent screw in a carriage, that can be placed in gear and
clamped, and placed out of gear by hand when the clamp or fixing screw is released,
nor the use of a clamping screw on the moveable rod which is described in the book
referred to as applied to automatic gear for Slide Rests.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is;
1. The construction of an Apparatus for giving a slow and regular movement to the
spindle or mandrel of a Lathe arranged substantially as above described, so that the
motion in either direction of the mandrel's rotation can be arrested either automatically
or by hand, independently of any movement that may be occurring in any other part
of the lathe and which apparatus is removeable at will in manner above described.
2. The construction of an apparatus for giving a slow and regular movement to the
spindle mandrel shaft or screw of machines other than Lathes arranged substantially
as above described so that the motion in either direction of the rotation of the spindle,
mandrel shaft or screw can be arrested either automatically or by hand and which
apparatus is removeable at will in manner above described.
Dated this 6th day of November 1889.
JOHN J. HOLIZAT FFEL.
GEORGE WILLIAM BUDD.