Improvements in Power Hammers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 17th Dec., 1892
TRUVIDIONAL DIUIFICATION.
Improvements in Power Hammers.
A communication from abroad by WILLIAM HARTILL LAW, residing in the
Town of Peterboro, in the County of Peterboro, in the Province of Ontario,
Canada.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the firm of Fell and Wilding of 1 Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of the invention is to design a hammer-first-which may be adapted
to give blows of varying force without any change in the number given-secondly-
which will give the full length of the stroke when operating on any thickness of
metal the hammer will admit of-thirdly—to provide a means by which the velocity
of the ram in its downward stroke will be considerably increased as compared with
the upward stroke so as to give a better result in the forging of the metal and
fourthly to so construct the hammer that its operation may be completely under the
control of one man and it consists essentially-first-of supporting the ram on the
end of the upper length which is pivoted at the rear of the machine and has
attached to its other end a pitman, the lower end of which is attached to a
lever supported on a movable cross head or fulcrum which is adjusted longitudinally
on a supporting bed so as to change the fulcrum of the lever to any desired point,
the said lever being connected to or driven from a crank arm attached to the
main driving shaft-secondly-in providing a threaded spindle and nuts whereby
the fulcrum of the upper lever may be raised or lowered and also in dividing the
connecting rod into two lengths and connecting the lengths together by a double
toggle joint so as to lengthen or shorten the rod by a right and left hand screwed
spindle-thirdly in connecting the lower lever to a crank so that when the crank
is revolving close to the fulcrum of the lower lever a quick motion is obtained
when the arm is descending, but when the crank is in that portion of its revolution
which is farther away from the fulcrum of the lower fever a slow motion is
imparted to the ram which during this period is ascending and fourthly in the
construction and arrangement of the parts as hereinafter more particularly explained
in détail.
I use an upper lever, a ram and an anvil block. The forward 'end of the upper
lever is forked, the outer ends of the arms which form the fork being connected
together by the leather belt which passes through a hole, in the ram thereby
supporting the ram. The arms of the upper lever are held apart by a spring so
as to keep the leather belt as taut as possible. The upper lever is pivoted on a
pin in a jaw which is formed at the upper end of a screw spindle. The screw
spindle extends through the rear end of the frame of the machine.
Cushions or springs preferably made of rubber are situated respectively above
and below the rear end of the frame and are designed to relieve the frame from
any undue strain or shock caused by the blows of the ram. Nuts are screwed on
to the screw spindle supporting the upper lever and occupy positions abutting upon
the upper and lower cushions respectively.
I further use a lower lever and a pitman which is connected at the top to the end
of the upper lever and at the bottom to the lower lever by a pin. The said lower
lever is composed of two parallel bars connected together at the ends by blocks.
The pin extending through the end of the pitman and from outside to outside of
the parallel bars of the lower lever are trunnions having grooves within which the
parallel bars of the lower lever slide, the trunnions are pivoted on a moveable

page_text: crosshend or fulcrum. Each half of the moveable crosshead has formed on its
inner side an are shaped recess within which the curved ends of the trunnions
may rock thus relieving the pivoted pins of the trunnions. The crosshead is
connected together by the screw bolt and has grooves cut in the lower portion of
each part. The crosshead is supported on a standard plate which has tongues at
its upper portion to fit into its grooves so that the crosshead may be kept in
position laterally although permitting it to be moved longitudinally.
I apply a main driving shaft to the machine, which is driven by a pulley from
any suitable motor and is journalled in bearings secured to the side of the frame of
the machine. This shaft is a crank shaft and has its crank in its central portion
sufficiently wide so as to permit of the vertical movement of the forward end of the
lower lever through it. The outer end or pin of the crank is journalled in bearings
in a sliding block. This sliding block is formed so as to have projecting flanges
extending to the outside of the bars of the lower lever at the top and bottom
respectively. The flanges however permit of the block sliding freely longitudinally
within the bars of the lower lever as it is caused to reciprocate by the revolving of
.the crank shaft. A U-shaped treadle extends from the rear to the front of the
machine and is pivoted on the free end of a link which is pivoted at its other end to
the frame of the machine. The inner end of the said treadle is attached to an arm
secured to a spindle which has its bearings in the lower portion of the frame. An
arm extending upwardly from the inner end of the spindle is connected to lugs
formed on the forward end of the cross-head or fulcrum of the lower lever by a
link. Spiral springs are situated one at each side of the machine and connected at
the top to the frame and at the bottom to the forward end of the said treadle.
These springs are designed to keep the forward end of the treadle up so as to force
the cross-head or fulcrum of the lower lever directly beneath the centre of the
pitman attached to the upper lever and retain it there in its normal position.
may conveniently form the said pitman in two lengths, the top of the lower
length being reduced in diameter, so as to fit into a Focket, made at the bottom of
the upper length. Slots are cut in the upper length of the pitman, at each side of
the socket, cross-beads are also formed on the upper and lower lengths respectively
of the said pitman, lug nuts are connected to the upper cross-head by links and. to
the lower cress-head by other links.
A right and left hand screw spindle extends through the said lug nuts which
have female threads cut on them to correspond with the threads on the screw
spindle. In the middle of the screw spindle is a ball bearing located within the
socket. On the outer end of the screw spindle, I secure a groove pulley, which: I
connect by a belt to a groove pulley, which is provided with a handle for-mani-
pulating the same. This pulley is supported on the end of the L-shaped arm, which
extends through a sleeve made in a bracket, and is adjustable therein. The
operator by turning round the pulley may bring the lug-nuts inward on the spindle
and thereby bring the inner end of the said link arms also closer to the pitmau.
By this means the pitman may be lengthened as desired. The top end of the
lower length of the pitman, moves at the same time longitudinally within the lower
socket, the said top end and socket, being of sufficient length so as to keep the two
lengths of the pitman, rigidly in line.
Having now described the principal parts involved in my invention, 1 shall
proceed to describe the manner whereby my hammer is operated and the means of
adjusting it to suit the different thicknesses of metal which it may be desired to
forge. My hammer derives motion from a pulley situated at one end of the main
driving shaft. The shaft ordinarily is designed to revolve continuously and in
revolving imparts to the lower lever, by means of the crank shaft, an oscillating up
and down movement upou its pivot point or cross-head, and pivot pin, which are
normally in a direct line with each other. It will consequently be seen that the
pitman connecting the upper lever will remain perfectly stationary. The operator
may by pressing down the aforesaid treadle bring the cross-head supporting the
trunnion of the lower lever forward of the pivot pin, any desired distance, this of

page_text: course depending on the length of the stroke or force of the blow desired. It will
now be understood that the lower lever will become a lever of the first class and the
pitman, will derive a vertical reciprocating motion from the crankshaft. The
upper lever, will consequently be rocked on its pivot so as to give a reciprocating
motion to the ram. As the crank shaft, is revolved, the crank, as it passes down-
wardly with its outer end close to the fulcrum of the lower lever will give a quick
motion to the upper movement of the connecting pitman and consequently a corre-
sponding motion will be given to the downward movement of the ram or hammer
head. As the outer end of the crank however passes upwardly farther away from the
fulcrum of the lower lever it will be understood that a slower motion will be given
to the connecting pitman in its downward movement and consequently a corre
This I
sponding motion to the ram or hammer head, in its upward movement.
consider a very essential and important change in the movement of the ram as by
this means the velocity of the downward stroke of the ram is considerably increased
as compared with the upper stroke, thereby giving a sharper and heavier blow
resulting in the nearer approach to the motion of a stroke from the hammer of a
black-smith than has ever been accomplished in any machine designed for forging
of which I am aware.
It will be seen that any moment the operator may desire to stop the operation
of the ram, he may do so by removing his foot from the said treadle, when the
fulcrum or cross-head will be immediately brought back by the spiral springs and
the trunnions will come directly in line with the pin, and consequently no motion
will be imparted to the connecting pitman of the ram lever.
By means of the nuts before described, the tension of the cushions may be
increased at will. If it is desired to raise the pivot point of the upper lever so as
to allow the ram to be brought to forge a greater thickness of metal, I have merely
to loosen one nut on the spindle, raise the screw spindle supporting the upper lever
and screw the other nut home against its rubber washer. It will also be seen that
the fulcrum of the upper lever may be lowered by unscrewing one of the said nuts
any desired distance and screwing the other nut home against the rubber cushion,
the same distance, to accommodate the forging of metal of a less thickness.
Instead of providing the mechanism hereinbefore described for shortening and
lengthening the pitman, I might cut a right hand thread on the upper length of the
pitman, and a left hand thread on the lower length of the pitman and provide a
sleeve nut connecting the lengths and correspondingly threaded to the upper and
lower length.
Heretofore hammers have been constructed with a tightening pulley acting on the
driving belt, or a friction clutch either of which is operated by the foot of the
workman. In the first case the operator presses the tightening pulley against
the belt which sets the hammer in motion, and the tighter you press against the
pulley, the greater number of revolutions are made, resulting in heavier blows and
a greater number of them when the hammer is running at the highest velocity.
Light blows are produced by allowing the belt to slacken more or less thereby
decreasing the number of blows which are also given irregular and uncertain, and
contrary to the true principles and requirements of forging. The clutch mechanism
operates on the same principle as above described and therefore is also inadequate
to the requirements of forging. It will be seen however from the above description
that my hammer is constructed on the true principles of forging, is positive, and
completely under the control of one operator, all the parts of the machine where he
has to manipulate being brought within easy reach of him.
The normal position of the ram, when at rest can be regulated by means
of a hand wheel, or by the aforesaid nuts, or by both. To illustrate this
should I require to forge a piece of iron or steel three inches thick and
reduce it to one half inch thick, I would first open the toggle in the
pitman by means of a hand wheel, and then by means of the said nuts, set the
ram about four inches above and clear of the anvil. By so placing the ram, ample

page_text: room is allowed for the admittance of the hot metal. The crank is supposed to be
in motion during these changes (or it may be at rest). By pressing on the treadle,
the ram is set in motion and the lower the treadle is depressed, the greater is the
length of the stroke and also the force of the blow. After repeated blows the piece
of the metal becomes reduced but I still want the full stroke and full force of the
blow, consequently I simply turn the hand wheel in the proper direction and thus
close the toggle and lengthen the pitman, thereby bringing the ram down closer to
the work. For lighter blows I turn the hand wheel in the same direction and let
the treadle rise.
It will now be seen that by the manipulation of the said hand wheel and treadle,
any desired force of blow can be obtained from one ounce to the full force the
hammer is designed to give, the force of the blow depending upon the weight, fall
and velocity of the ram.
Dated this 29th day of June 1892.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Power Hammers.
A communication from abroad by WILLIAM HARTILL LAW, residing in the
Town of Peterboro, in the County of Peterboro, in the Province of Ontario,
Canada.
J, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the firm of Fell and Wilding, of 1, Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the invention is to design a hammer-first-which may be
adapted to give blows of varying force without any change in the number given
secondly which will give the full length of the stroke when operating on any
thickness of metal the hammer will admit of-thirdly to provide a means by
which the velocity of the ram in its downward stroke will be considerably increased
as compared with the upward stroke, so as to give a better result in the forging of
the metal, and fourthly to so construct the hammer that its operation may be
completely under the control of one man, and it consists essentially first-of
supporting the ram on the end of the upper lever which is pivoted at the rear of
the machine and has attached to its other end a pitman, the lower end of which
is attached to a lever supported on a movable cross-head or fulcrum which is
adjusted longitudinally on a supporting bed, so as to change the fulcrum of the
lever to any desired point, the said lever being connected to or driven from a crank
arm attached to the main driving shaft-secondly-in providing a threaded spindle
and nuts whereby the fulcrum of the upper lever may be raised or lowered and
also in dividing the connecting rod into two lengths, and connecting the lengths
together by a double toggle joint so as to lengthen or shorten the rod by a right
and left hand screwed spindle-thirdly in connecting the lower lever to a crank
Bo that when the crank is revolving close to the fulcrum of the lower lever, a
quick motion is obtained when the arm is descending, but when the crank is in that
portion of its revolution which is farther away from the fulcrum of the lower
lever, a slow motion is imparted to the ram which during this period is ascending
and fourthly, in the construction and arrangement of the parts as hereinafter more
particularly explained in detail.
Figure 1, is a perspective view of my power hammer with the lower portion of
the frame broken away, so as to show the means of operation.

page_text: machine.
Figure 3, is a plan view of the machine.
Figure 4, is a sectional rear elevation showing the means whereby the pitman is
attached to the upper and lower lever, and the manner in which the said pitman
is lengthened or shortened.
In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each
figure.
A, is the upper lever, B, the ram, and C, the anvil block. The forward end of.
the upper lever A, is forked, the outer ends of the arms, a, which forms the
fork being connected together by the leather belt D, which passes through the
hole, b, in the ram, B, thereby supporting the ram.
The arms, a, of the upper
lever, A, are held apart by the spring, E, so as to keep the leather belt, D, as
taut as possible. The upper lever, A, is pivoted on the pin, c, in the jaw, f, which
is formed at the upper end of the screw spindle, F. It will be noticed that the
screw spindle F, extends through the rear end G, of the frame of the machine.
H, and I are cushions or springs preferably made of rubber situated respec-
tively above and below the end. G, and designed to relieve the frame from any
undue strain or shock caused by the blows of the ram, B. 9, g¹ are nuts which
are screwed on to the screw spindle, F, and occupy positions abutting the upper
and lower cushions, H and L respectively.
J, is the lower lever, and K, the pitman, which is connected at the top k, to-
the end of the lever A, and at the bottom to the lever J, by the pin, 1. The
lower lever, J, is composed of two parallel bars j, connected together at the ends
by the blocks, L. The pin, extends through the end of the pitman, K, and
from outside to outside of the parallel bars, j, of the lever, J, as indicated in
Fig. 4. M, M, are trunnions having grooves, m, m', within which the parallel
bars, j, of the lever J, slide. The trunnions m, m³, are pivoted at, n, n', on the
moveable cross-head or fulcrum, N. Each half of the moveable cross-head has
formed on its inner side an arc-shaped recess, 9, within which the curved ends of
the trunnions, M, M, rock, thus relieving the pivoted pins n, n¹ of the trunnions,
from the weight borne by the trunnions. The cross-head N, is connected
together by the screw bolt O, and has grooves o, cut in the lower portion of each
part. The cross-head, N, is supported on the standard plate, P, which has
tongues p, at its upper portion to fit into its grooves, o, so that the cross-head, N,
may be kept in position laterally although permitting it to be moved longi-
tudinally.
Q, is the main driving shaft of the machine, which is driven by a pulley from
any suitable motor and is journalled in bearings secured to the side of the frame of
the machine. The shaft, Q, is a crank shaft and has its crank, Q', in its central
portion sufficiently wide so as to permit of the vertical movement of the forward.
end of the lever, J, through it. The outer end or pin of the crank, Q', is journaled
in bearings in the sliding block, R. The sliding block, R, is formed so as to have
projecting flanges, r, r, extending to the outside of the bars, j, of the lever J, at
the top and bottom respectively.. The flanger, r, r', however permit of the
block, R, sliding freely longitudinally within the bars, j, of the lever J, as it is
caused to move upwardly and downwardly by the revolving of the crank Q. S, is
a U-shaped treadle extending from the rear to the front of the machine and
pivoted on the free end of the link, s, which is pivoted at its other end to the frame
of the machine. The inner end of the treadle, S, is attached to the arm T, secured
to the spindle, t, which has its bearings in the lower portion of the frame as
indicated. U, is an arm extending upwardly from the inner portion of the
spindle, t. The arm U, is connected to the lugs, u, formed on the forward end
of the cross-head, N, by the link V, W, are spiral springs situated one at each
side of the machine and connected at the top to the frame and at the bottom to the
forward end of the treadle, S. These springs are designed to keep the forward
end of the treadle S, up so as to force the cross-head or fulcrum, N, directly

page_text: beneath the centre of the pitman K, and retain it there in its normal-position. as
shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
It will be noticed that the pitman K, is formed in two lengths the top, r, of the
lower length being reduced in diameter, so as to fit into a socket, y, made at the
bottom of the upper length, z, are slots cut in the upper length of the pitman, K, at
each side of the socket, y. X and Y, are cross-heads formed on the upper and
lower lengths respectively of the pitman, K. 1 and 2 are lug-nuts connected to
the
upper cross-head, X, by the links 3 and to the lower cross-head by the links 4.
5 is a screw spindle having a right and left hand thread cut on each end. This
right and left hand screw spindle 5 extends through the lug-nuts 1 and 2 which
have female threads cut on them to correspond with the threads on the screw
spindle. In the middle of the screw spindle 5 is a ball bearing 7 located within
the socket, y. On the outer end of the screw spindle 5, I secure a groove pulley, Z,
which I connect by the belt 8, to the groove pulley 9, which is provided with a
handle 10, for manipulating the same. The pulley, 9 is supported on the end of
the L-shaped arm, 12 which extends through a sleeve made in the bracket 11, and
is adjustable therein. The operator by turning round the pulley, 9, in the direction
indicated by arrow, may bring the lug-nuts 1 and 2 inward on the spindle, 5, and
thereby bring the inner end of the link arms 3 and 4 also closer to the pitman, K.
By this means the pitman K, may be lengthened as desired. The top end, x, of the
lower length of the pitman K, moves at the same time longitudinally within the
socket, y, the said top end, x, and socket, y, being of sufficient length so as to keep
the two lengths of the pitman K, rigidly in line.
Having now described the principal parts involved in my invention, I shall
proceed to describe the manner whereby my hammer is operated and the means of
adjusting it to suit the different thicknesses of metal which it may be desired to
forge. My hammer derives motion from a pulley situated at one end of the main
driving shaft, Q. The shaft ordinarily is designed to revolve continuously and in
revolving imparts to the lever, J, by means of the crank, Q, an oscillating up and
down movement upon its pivot point or cross-head, N, and pivot pin, l, which are
now in a direct line with each other. It will consequently be seen that the
pitman, K, and lever A, will remain perfectly stationary. The operator may by
pressing down the treadle S, bring the cross-head, N, and consequently the
trunnions, M M', forward of the pivot pin, l, any desired distance, this of course
depending on the length of the stroke or force of the blow desired. It will now be
seen that the lever, J, will become a lever of the first class and the pitman, K,
will derive a vertical reciprocating motion from the crank, Q. The lever J, will
consequently be rocked on its pivot so as to give a reciprocating motion to the
ram, B.
As the crank shaft, Q, is revolved in the direction indicated by arrow it
will be seen as the crank, Q', passes downwardly with its outer end close to the
fulcrum of the lever, J, a quick motion will be given to the upper movement of the
pitman, K, and consequently a corresponding motion will be given to the downward
movement of the ram, B. As the outer end of the crank, Q, however passes
upwardly farther away from the fulcrum of the lever, J, it will be seen that a
slower motion will be given to the pitman, K, in its downward movement and
consequently a corresponding motion to the ram, B, in its upward movement.
I consider a very essential and important change in the movement of the ram B,
as by this means the downward stroke of the ram is considerably increased as
compared with the upper stroke, thereby giving a sharper and heavier blow
resulting in the nearer approach to the motion of a stroke from the hammer of a
black-smith than has ever been accomplished in any machine designed for forging
of which I am aware.
This
It will be seen that any moment the operator may desire to stop the operation of
the ram, he may do so by removing his foot from the treadle, S, when the fulcrum
or cross-head, N, will be immediately brought back by the spiral springs, W, and
the trunnions will come directly in line with the pin, 1, and consequently no motion
will be imparted to the pitman, K, and ram B.

page_text: By means of the nuts 9, 9', before described, the tension of the cushions, H, and I,
may be increased by screwing the nuts 9, 9', towards the cushions H and I
respectively. If it is desired to raise the pivot point of the lever A, so as to allow
the ram B, to be brought to forge a greater thickness of metal, I have merely to
loosen the nut g¹, raise the screw spindle F, and screw the nut, 7, home against its
rubber washer, H. It will also be seen that the fulcrum of the lever, A, may be
lowered by screwing the nut g, any desired distance and screwing the nut, g
home against the rubber cushion, I, the same distance to accommodate the forging
of metal of a less thickness.
It will be noticed on reference to Figs. 2 and 4 that I form an extension, k¹ on
the lower portion of the pitman, K, which extension fits within a hole, made in
the standard plate, P. This hole is a little loose for the extension of the pitman so
that it may readily work up and down in it. The extension, k', consequently
although free to move vertically, is prevented from moving laterally by the hole,
and is designed to form a stop against which the central portion of the cross-hend
comes in contact so as to prevent any liability of the cross-head, N, and
trunnions, M, M', slipping over the rear end of the standard plate, P, or the rear
end of the lever, J, when the foot is removed from the treadle, S, and the cross-
head is forced back by the tension of the spring, W.
Instead of providing the mechanism hereinbefore described for shortening and
lengthening the pitman, K, I might cut a right hand thread on the upper length of
the pitman, and a left hand thread on the lower length of the pitman and provide a
sleeve nut connecting the lengths and correspondingly threaded to the upper and
lower length.
Heretofore hammers have been constructed with a tightening pulley acting on
the driving belt, or a friction clutch either of which is operated by the foot of the
workman. In the first case the operator presses the tightening pulley against the
belt which sets the hammer in motion, and the tighter you press against the pulley,
the greater number of revolutions are made, resulting in heavier blows and a
greater number of them when the hammer is running at the highest velocity.
Light blows are produced by allowing the belt to slacken more or less thereby,
decreasing the number of blows which are also given irregular and uncertain, und
contrary to the true principles and requirements of forging. The clutch mechanism
operates on the same principle as above described and therefore is also inadequate
to the requirements of forging. It will be seen however from the above description
that my hammer is constructed on the true principles of forging, is positive, and
completely under the control of one operator all the parts of the machine where
he has to manipulate being brought within easy reach of him.
The normal position of the ram, B, when at rest can he regulated by means of
the hand wheel, Z, or by the nuts, g, g', or by both. To illustrate this should
require to forge a piece of iron or steel three inches thick and reduce it to one-half
inch thick, I would first open the toggle in the pitman by means of the hand
wheel, 9, and then by means of the nuts, a, g', set the ram about four inches above
and clear of the anvil. By so placing the ram, ample room is allowed for the
admittance of the hot metal. The crank is supposed to be in motion during these
changes (or it may be at rest). By pressing on the treadle, S, the ram is set in
motion and the lower the treadle is depressed the greater is the length of the
stroke and also the force of the blow. After repeated blows the piece of the metal
becomes reduced but I still want the full stroke and full force of the blow, con
sequently I simply turn the hand wheel 9, in the proper direction and thus close the
toggle and lengthen the pitman, thereby bringing the ram down closer to the
work. For lighter blows I turn the hand wheel in the same direction and let
the treadle rise.
It will now be seen that by the manipulation of the hand wheel, 9, and treadle S,
any desired force of blow can be obtained from one ounce to the full force the
bammer is designed to give, the force of the blow depending upon the weight, fall
and velocity of the ram.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination the frame the upper lever pivotally supported thereby, the
ram connected to the upper lever, the lower lever, the pitman connecting the
levers, and the crank shaft in sliding connection with the lower lever substantially
as described.
2. In combination the frame, the upper lever pivotally supported thereby, the
ram carried by the said lever, the lower lever, the pitman connecting the two
levers, the means for operating the lower lever, and the adjustable fulcrum for the
lower lever movable to and from the pitman, substantially as described.
3. In combination the frame, the ram and the movable support therefor, the
lever J, the pitman connected to said lever, and to the movable ram support, the
cross head movable longitudinally of the lever, the fulcrums of the lever carried
by said cross head movable longitudinally of the lever, the guide ways for the
-cross head, and the means for moving the cross head with the fulcrum along said
way and from the pitman, substantially as described.
4. In combination in a power hammer, the frame, the ram, the movable support
therefor, the operating lever J, the means for operating said lever, the pitman
connected to the lever and the ram supporting the fulcrum consisting of the
trunnions M, M', and the cross head carrying the same, said cross head with the
fulcrum being movable along the lever, substantially as described.
5. In combination the frame, the rain, the movable support therefor, the operating
lever, J, the pitman connected thereto and to the movable support, and the movable
fulcrum for the lever adjustable so as to lie in the vertical frame of the pitman,
substantially as described.
6. In combination the frame, the ram, the upper lever connected thereto and
pivotally supported on the frame, the lower lever, J, the pitman connecting the
two levers, the adjustable fulcrum for the lower lever and the crank shaft for
operating said lever connected thereto by the sliding block, R, substantially as
described.
18
7. In combination, the frame, the ram, the movable support therefor, the
operating lever J, formed of parallel bars, the pitman connected thereto, between
the bars and connected also to the ram support, the adjustable fulcrum engaging
the outside of the bars whereby the longitudinal adjustment along the lever
permitted, and the operating means for the lever J, substantially as described.
8. In combination, the frame, the ram, the movable support therefor, the operating
lever J, composed of parallel bars, the pitman connected to the lever between the
bars, and connected also to the ram support, the trunnions M, M', grooved on
their inner faces to receive the bars, and having journals on their outer sides, the
cross head receiving said journals, the guide way for the cross head and the operating
means for the lever J, substantially as described.
9. In combination, the frame, the ram, the upper lever pivotally supported on
the frame and connected to the ram, the lower lever, the pitman connecting the
levers, the cross head, movable along the lower lever, the fulcrum carried by the
-cross head, the guide way for the cross head having tongues, p, said cross head
being grooved to receive said tongues and formed in two parts, the bolt, O,
for holding the two parts together and operating means for the lever J, substantially
as described.
10. In combination, the frame, the ram, the upper lever pivotally supported on
the frame and connected to the ram, the lower lever J, the pitman connecting the
two levers, the adjustable fulcrum the guide way and the operating means for the
fulcrum consisting of the treadle, the rock shaft and the arm U and link V.
11. In combination, the frame, the ram, the connections thereto including the
pitman, the lever J, connected to said pitman, the adjustable fulcrum comprising
the cross head, the guideway therefor, and the trunnions pivoted to the cross head

page_text: and movably engaging the lever and having rounded lower edges to fit corresponding:
seats in the cross head substantially as described.
12. In combination, the frame, the ram, the upper lever connected thereto, the
screw F, to which the lever is pivoted, the said frame having a rear extension G,
to receive the screw, the nuts, g, g', on the screw and the cushions H, I, on each
side of the extension G, and between the nuts and said extension.
13. In combination in a power hammer of the frame, the ram, the upper lever,
connected to the ram, the pitman connected to the lever for operating it, means for
operating the pitman, said pitman being formed of the upper and lower lengths with
the socket connection between them, the right and left hand screw spindle arranged
transversely of the pitman, the nuts. 1, 2, on the screw, the links, 3, 4, connected
thereto and to the pitman sections, said section having the cross heads, X, Y,
substantially as described.
14. In combination, the frame, the ram, the pivoted lever connected therewith
the pitman with the operating means therefor for operating the levers, said pitman
being formed in two parts, one of which has a socket with slot, y, and the other
a reduced end, xr, fitted thereto the right and left hand screw spindle extending
through the slots and having a ball bearing 7, engaging with a seat in the end, x,
the nuts, 1, 2, and the links with means for turning the spindle substantially as
described.
15. In combination, the frame, the ram, the lever A, connected therewith, the
pitman with operating means therefor for moving the lever A, the said pitman
being formed in two parts with a sliding connection between them, the transverse
right and left hand screw with the toggle mechanism for moving the sections,
the pulley, Z, on said screw, the pulley, 9, on the frame, the adjustable support
for said pulley and the belt connection between the pulleys, substantially as
described.
16. In combination, the frame, the ram, the operating lever, J, the pitman
connected thereto and in connection with the ram, the adjustable fulcrum com-
prising the cross head, N, and the trunnions movably engaging the lever, the guide
way for the cross head having the base plate, P, with an opening therein and the
extension, k¹, on the pitman to enter the said opening in the plate, P, substantially
as described.
Dated this 10th day of Sentember 1802
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant..