Improvements in Bolts and Nuts for Joining Hand Rails and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Sept., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 22nd June, 1898-Accepted, 13th Aug., 1898
למנך 10
privation, bono dept., 1997
Complete Specification Left, 22nd June, 1898-Accepted, 13th Aug., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolts and Nuts for Joining Hand Rails and the like.
We; HARRY FOSTER, Fern Lea, Twigge Lane, Commercial Traveller,
JOHN HAYES, Tree Cross, Alexandra Road, Joiner, and FREDERICK THOMAS
GREENWOOD, Ivy Bank, Alexandra Road, Joiner, all residing at St. Anne's on the
Sea, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to bolts for binding together the ends of timber hand-rails,
heavy ledgings beadings or mouldings and the like.
Heretofore the usual method employed in binding hand rails and other like
structures together has been the use of a dowel or dowels in conjunction with a bolt
and screws.
The object of our invention is to dispense with the ordinary system of dowelling
and substitute a bolt specially designed and adapted to secure the work firmly and
evenly together without the use of dowel pins or tenons.
For this purpose we make the bolt so that the middle section thereof is somewhat
thicker and stronger than the ends.
The middle of the bolt possesses two or more projecting wings or blades and these
are designed and made to possess a series of teeth or serrations at their ends for the
purpose of entering the work freely and holding the bolt securely in position during
the process of attachment as well as for griping and binding in the timber in case.
of lateral strain.
The lower portions of the aforesaid wings or blades are designed to be somewhat
thinner than the upper portions whilst the sides thereof are made slightly_hollow
or concave.
In this way a wedge-like shape is given to the wings or blades ensuring their
secure entry into the timber.
The hole for the admission and accommodation of the body of the bolt is
previously prepared.
The bolt is furnished with nuts-one at each end and these are specially designed
with an abundance of teeth running round their circumference for the purpose of
securing the bolt in position with facility.
Our invention may be described as a dowel bolt since it is a self contained com-
bination of the bolt and tenon--the wedge-shaped wings or blades answering the
purpose of the ordinary dowel.
Dated this 21st day of September 1897

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolts and Nuts for Joining Hand Rails and the like.
We, HARRY FOSTER, Fern Lea, Twigge Lane, Commercial Traveller,
JOHN HAYES, Tree Cross, Alexandra Road, Joiner, and FREDERICK THOMAS
GREENWOOD, Ivy Bank, Alexandra Road, Joiner, all residing at St. Anne's on the
Sea, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to bolts for binding together the ends of timber, hand-rails,
heavy ledgings, beadings or mouldings and the like.
Heretofore the usual method employed in binding hand-rails and other like
structures together has been the use of a dowel or dowels in conjunction with a
bolt and screw.
The object of our invention is to dispense with the ordinary system of dowelling
and substitute a bolt specially designed and adapted to secure the work firmly and
evenly together without the use of dowel pins or tenons.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 represents an external elevation of two adjacent ends..of a hand-rail.
joined by means of our invention which is shewn dotted.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the bolt.
Fig. 3 is a section through the line xx.
Fig. 4 is an end view of one of the ends of a hand-rail shewing our bolt with
nut in place.
The pieces to be joined together marked A A are provided with the usual slots a a.
B is the dowel bolt formed, as regards the outer screwed ends, in the ordinary way,
and is provided with nut C. At its centre the dowel bolt is made somewhat
thicker in section than at the shoulders b. The projecting wings or blades b₁ of
which there may, be two as shewn or more are formed with and as part of the bolt
being placed in the middle of its length as shewn. In cross section these blades are
made somewhat thinner at the point of attachment to the bolt than at their outer
edges and their sides are preferably made slightly hollow or concave as shewn
distinctly in Fig. 3.
The object of constructing the blades with this section is to prevent the bolt from
splitting the wood when driven in. The ends of the said wings or blades are formed
with a series of teeth as shewn in Fig. 2 which enables them to enter the wood
more freely. Their overhanging form also assists in binding the timber in the
direction of the centre of the bolt. We prefer to form the nut C with a number of
teeth around their circumference to facilitate the turning of them by a drift.
In the application of our invention the ends of the timbers being squared in the
ordinary way one, bore hole only is drilled in the correct position. in the end of
each rail, the holes or slots a having been previously formed. One end of the
bolt B is then driven in up to its centre the nut being entered on its end as it
proceeds. The other rail is then entered on to the other end of the bolt and drawn
up securely by its nut.
It is obvious that if the second rail has been truly placed 'it cannot revolve and
must be truly and firmly held by the blades 6' which answer perfectly the purposes
of dowels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The dowel bolt with two or more projecting wings formed of the same material

page_text: as the bolt substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings.
2. Wings formed with and of the same material as bolts and having serrations
formed on their entering edges, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. Wings formed with and of the same material as bolts and formed with a
tapered section, having a greater thickness at the outer edge, substantially as and
for the purposes herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
•
4. The combination of a dowel bolt having wings formed of the same material,
with such wings provided with serrations on their entering edges, and formed with
a tapered section having the greater thickness at the outer edge, substantially as
and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 21st day of June 1898