Improvements in the Manufacture of Bordered Carpets.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 1st Oct., 1892-Accepted, 5th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bordered Carpets.
FRANCIS BEST FAWCETT 44 Comberton Road Kidderminster Commission
Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to carpets with the borders woven on them, instead
of being sewed around as heretofore. The change from body to border and
vice versa in the process of weaving is facilitated by the figuring apparatus being
arranged in an alternate manner, by such alterations and adjustments as is necessary
for the purpose.
:
This invention has for its object more particularly to combine the said alternate
arrangement &c. as follows, (though it may be still further varied), viz. with
such of the modification stitches as are suitable in Letters Patent granted to me
No. 6540 A.D. 1890, whether woven on 2, 3 or 4 turn looms. With the similar
stitch for which Letters Patent were granted to me No. 6158 A.D. 1882 (see
Figure 3 of the Specification) as now woven on tufting looms, whether on or
3 turn looms. With 4 turn looms where the extra turn may be of some advantage.
Also with 2 or 3 turn looms by which a maximum of production may be attained.
This I do by making. such additions alterations and adjustments as may be
necessary to the looms.
Dated this 1st day of December 1891
FRANCIS BEST FAWCETT.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bordered Carpets.
1, FRANCIS BEST FAWCETT, of 44 Comberton Road, Kidderminster, in the
County of Worcester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference only to the manufacture of those tufted pile carpets.
(such for instance as Royal Axminster) which have the borders woven on them
and of which the pattern is set up on bobbins carried by an endless chain on the
loom. The change from body to border and vice versa in the process of weaving is at
present facilitated by the bobbins of the figuring apparatus being arranged in two
sets in an alternate manner on the said endless chain on the loom that is to say,
the bobbins of the body are placed alternately with the bobbins of the border.
This invention consists in the employment of the said alternate arrangement of
the bobbins on tufting looms weaving any of the various two and three shot
tufting loom weaves or stitches described in the Specification of my former
Letters Patent No. 6540 of A.D. 1890; and in the Specification of my former
Letters Patent No. 6158 of A.D. 1882 and shewn by Fig. 3 of the drawings
forming part thereof; (this latter being the same three shot weave or stitch
which is now well known) whether the said three shot stitches are woven in three
turn or time looms or in four turn or time looms.
In weaving tufted bordered carpets there are two drawbacks one of which and
the most important is lessened production, caused by having to weave them in
sections and to change from body to border etc.
The other drawback is that the
body pattern has to be shortened to make room for the border bobbins on the
endless chain.
By my invention of the combination of the alternate arrangement of the body

page_text: and border bobbins with two and three time looms the production is increased so
as to compensate for the first of the said drawbacks; and the additions and
alterations hereinafter described to two, three and four time looms enables
longer body patterns to be obtained; moreover by employing the said alternate
arrangement of the bobbin figuring apparatus in combination with the two and
three shot stitches as above described I am enabled to weave more of the said
tufted carpet on a loom in a given time than can be woven on a loom working the
alternate arrangement of the bobbin figuring apparatus in combination with four
sliot stitches as heretofore.
In order to use the said alternate arrangement of the figuring apparatus (viz.
the bobbins) with the above mentioned weaves or stitches in accordance with this
invention I have to make such additions, alterations and adjustments to the looms
as may be necessary, that is to say, I prefer to so arrange the mechanism which
moves the bobbin chain that the bobbin chain will automatically move either two
links backward or two links forward or move through only one link for a certain
space as may be required thus saving a double set of border bobbins for reversing
the border where two borders are woven together thereby enabling longer body
patterns to be obtained and the body pattern may be further increased by putting
the body bobbins close together on the remainder of the chain and bringing the
single link movement into operation.
The mechanism which I prefer to use for giving the said necessary forward or
backward movement to the chain is illustrated by the accompanying drawing on
which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of part of a loom for weaving tufted pile carpets
with the said mechanism applied; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the said
mechanism; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the said mechanism shewing some parts
shifted as hereinafter described to work the bobbins backwards, and Figs. 4 and 5
illustrate the said mechanism when arranged to move the bobbins either two links
forward or two links backward or one link backward. The same letters of
reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
In my said improved arrangement of mechanism I employ the usual ratchet
wheel a and toothed segment & with its click c, and the rack rod m gearing with
the toothed segment b, and the cam n and lever o for operating the chain shaft d
but instead of arranging the ratchet wheel a and toothed segment b on the
chain shaft das heretofore, I arrange the said ratchet wheel a and toothed
segment b to turn loosely on a pin e fixed to the bracket e a short distance above
the chain shaft d and I provide a spur wheel which is fixed to the ratchet
wheel a so as to turn with it; and on the chain shaft d I provide a spur pinion
of the same pitch as, but half the diameter of, the spur wheelf. The wheels f
and do not gear together but motion is transmitted from the wheel to the
wheel g through an idle spur wheel (see Figs. 1 and 2) if the bobbins are to move
two links forward, or through two idle wheels h and i as shewn in Fig. 3 if the
bobbins are to move two links backward. As the spur wheel is twice as large as
the pinion g the angular motion of the chain shaft d is twice as great as the
angular movevement of the ratchet wheel a and thus the bobbin chain is moved
through two links at each stroke of the rack rod m. The idle wheels and i,
which are always in gear with each other and with the smaller spur wheel g, are
(as shewn in Figs. 1, 2 and 3) carried on pins j and fixed to the lever handle/
so that by moving this lever handle either the idle wheel or the idle wheel i can
be caused to gear with the larger wheel to run the bobbins either backward or
forward as may be required.
The two sets of bobbins one set for the body and the other set for the border of
the carpet are marked respectively p and q and they are arranged in an alternate
manner on the endless chain as is well understood so that can first weave say
a border from the set of bobbins p with the bobbins moving forward two links and
then cause the bobbins to move backwards and weave the return border froin the
same set then by the usual handle turn the chain shaft d one link forward or
backward and weave the body of the carpet from the 'other set of bobbins q.

page_text: When, in addition to arranging the bobbin chain to move either two links
forward or two links backward, the chain is required to move one link backward,
then in addition to the spur wheels f g h and I use another pair of equal spur
wheels sand (see Figs. 4 and 5) arranged to turn with the ratchet wheel a and
the chain shaft & respectively so that when these wheels are in gear together as
shewn in Fig. 5 the chain shaft d will move the chain through one link at each
stroke of the rack rod m. In order that the change from moving the chain through
two links to moving through one link may be effected speedily the spur wheels is
fixed to and turns with the spur wheel (as shown in Figs. 4 and 5) and the spur
wheel is arranged to slide on a feather on the chain shaft d so that when the
wheel is moved along the shaft d in one direction (see Fig. 4) the wheel t will be
out of gear with the wheels and the chain shaft will by the wheels ghi be
moved through two links forward or backward as above stated; then by taking the
pinion i off its stud and moving the wheel along the shaft d in the opposite
direction to gear with the wheels as shewn in Fig. 5 the bobbin chain will then
move through only one link. There is a collar a fixed on the shaft d to limit the
end wise movement of the wheel in one direction and the moveable collar » secures
the wheel in either position.
The arrangement of mechanism above described and illustrated on my drawing
for operating the bobbin chain is similarly applicable to two three or four time
looms the ordinary cam n for either kind of loom giving the proper movement to
the rack rod m.
I wish it to be understood that I do not claim the alternate arrangement of the
bobbins when used in combination with weaving tufted carpets with four shot
stitches as I am aware that this combination has been used prior to my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The improvements herein described in the manufacture of those tufted pile
carpets which have the borders woven on them, consisting in the employment of
two sets of bobbins arranged in an alternate manner on the endless chain on the
loom and adapted to automatically move two links forward as described in
combination with the two and three shot stitches herein referred to whether woven
on two three or four beat time looms, whereby the rate of producing the said
carpets on the two and three beat time looms is increased.
2. The improvements herein described in the manufacture of those tufted pile
carpets which have the borders woven on them, consisting in the employment of
two sets of bobbins arranged in an alternate manner on the endless chain on the
loom and adapted to automatically move either forward or backward two links or
one link as described in combination with the two and three shot stitches herein
referred to whether woven on two three or four beat time looms, whereby the
rate of producing the said carpets on the two and three beat time looms is
increased.
3. The improvements herein described in the manufacture of those tufted pile
carpets which have the borders woven on them, consisting in the employment of
two sets of bobbins arranged in an alternate manner on the endless chain on the
loom and adapted to automatically move two links forward or two links backward
in combination with two or three beat time looms whereby the rate of producing
the said carpets is increased.
Dated this 30th day of September 1892.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.