Year: 1886

page_text: I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON of the Office for Patenta, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to spinning machinery in which the flyers and the bobbin
spindles contained therein, are separately driven at different velocities by belting
or gearing, and in which a friction device or drag is employed in the mechanism
which drives the bobbin spindle, for the purposes of permitting the variation in
the speed at which it is necessary to drive the said spindle, in consequence of the
variation of the diameter of the body of yarn on the bobbin, and at the same time
providing for the equalization of the tension of the yarn between the bobbin and
the flyer.
The improvement consists particularly in the construction or placing of the
friction device or drag directly between the bobbin spindle itself and a pulley or
gear which is loose on or around the said spindle, and which receives the move-
ment to be imparted to the spindle, or in other words, the principal feature of the
invention consists in the combination with the flyer and bobbin spindle, and.
separate driving mechanism for each, of a loose pulley or gear on or concentric
with the said spindle for receiving the motion to be transmitted thereto, and a
friction device or drag which is applied directly between the said pulley or gear
and the spindle itself, and through which the said motion is transmitted from said
pulley or gear to the spindle. By thus applying the friction device or drag
directly to the spindle itself, the mechanism is much simplified, as compared with
that commonly used for producing the friction or drag which does not act directly
upon the spindle, but acts upon it indirectly through another shaft.
J

page_text: •
The invention further consists in certain details hereinafter described and
claimed.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a
longitudinal view, partly in section, of a flyer and spindle having a friction device
or drag applied according to this invention.-Fig. 2 is an end elevation, and Fig. 3
a plan, of the principal parts of a spinning machine to which this invention is
applied, illustrating the means of producing a variable pressure on the friction
device or drag.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in the several figures.
⚫ The flyer and spindle and friction device or drag will first be described with
reference to Fig. 1.
E is the flyer, having journals 'a a', one at each end, and having at one end a
capstan head 7, and at the other end the pulley k, through which it receives rotary
motion, and being furnished with an annular traverse guide carrier, m. This flyer
is substantially like those represented and described in the communicant's several
patents in the United States, Great Britain, France, Germany and other countries,
dated May 5th 1885; but this construction is immaterial to the present invention,
which is applicable to the various kinds of flyers.
E is the bobbin fitted to the spindle b b¹.—This spindle is made, as shown in
Fig. 1, in two parts, of which one part b runs through and is supported in the
flyer journals a¹, and has the other part b¹, which receives the bobbin, connected
with it by a ball and socket joint c d.-The end of the part b' furthest from the
joint is received in a socket e, which is capable of sliding on a pin f, which is fixed
in the corresponding end of the flyer. By the movement of this socket towards
the adjacent end of the flyer, the corresponding end of the spindle is liberated, so
that the part b¹ of the spindle may swing on the joint c d, to permit the removal
of the bobbin from the flyer, and its replacement therein, without withdrawing
.the spindle endwise from the flyer. When the part b¹ of the spindle is in line
with the part b and opposite the pin f, the socket e is held in place to sustain
the end of the spindle by means of a spiral spring 9, placed on the pin f.—This
construction of the spindle is not necessary to the carrying out of this invention,
which may be applied to the rigid spindles commonly employed which are with-
drawn endwise from the flyer to provide for the insertion, removal, and change of
the bobbin.
p is the spindle-driving pulley fitted to turn loosely or freely on that portion of
the piece, b, of the spindle which protrudes through the driving end of the flyer.-
q is a disc which is secured to the piece b of the spindle, which also has fast to it
the bobbin driver p.-This disc serves as the friction device, the application of
which directly between the spindle and its pulley constitutes the principal feature
of this invention. The side of the pulley next this disc is faced to correspond with
it; and there is interposed between the faces of the disc and pulley a piece of
leather or cloth q³, which is secured to either face for the purpose of producing the
requisite friction between the two, in the manner common to the friction devices
of heavy spinning machinery.-The disc q is represented as secured to the spindle
by a key q, which passes through the hub of the disc, and enters a notch in the
end of the spindle, so that the spindle is compelled to turn with it. This permits
the disc to be loose on the spindle and easily removed therefrom, and replaced
thereon when necessary.-The outer end of the bore of the hub of the disc has
screwed into it a hardened steel stud q', which serves as a bearing for the yoke gul
hereinafter described, for applying to the disc the necessary pressure to produce
the required degree of friction between the disc and the spindle pulley.
.
In the machine represented in Figs. 2 and 3, the flyers and spindles are
arranged and driven in a manner substantially as represented and described in the
several patents above mentioned in the United States, Great Britain, France, and
Germany, and dated May 5th 1885, and the mechanism for producing the move-
ments of the traverse guide carriers is substantially like that described in those
patents, and therefore will only here be described so far as is necessary to explain

page_text: the method and operation of producing the pressure upon the discs q, and of
increasing the said pressure as the spinning proceeds and the bobbins fill up
with yarn.
The four flyers in the machine represented are all driven by two bands h, h* from
a single pulley j on the central horizontal shaft H of the machine, which receives,
through its driving pulley H¹, the power for driving the machine, one of the said
bands running on the pulleys k of both of the two flyers on one side of the
machine, and the other on the two pulleys k of the two flyers on the other side, as
shown in Fig. 2.-The traverse guide carriers m of all the flyers are represented as
operated by a single rotary and reciprocating traverse wheel or head J, and single
traverse-screw K, which rotates in bearings provided for it in the upper parts of
the standards B B of the framing, the said screw deriving motion from the main
shaft H through a nearly upright shaft L, shown dotted in Figs. 2 and 3, having
on its lower end a worm gear n, shown dotted in Fig. 2, which gears with an
endless screw on the main shaft H, and having on its upper end a bevel gear n³,
which gears with a bevel gear n³ on the shaft of the screw. The rotary and
reciprocating traverse wheel or head J is fitted both to run loosely and slide freely
on the main shaft H, which being extended through the whole length of the
framing under the traverse screw, serves to support the said wheel or head J,
without the necessity of a specially provided stationary shaft, such as is shown in
the aforesaid patents for supporting said wheel or head. The hub of the said
wheel or head J engaged by the fork on the end of the arm of the carriage N,
which works on the traverse screw K with a swivelling fork or nut section, to
reverse the traverse in a manner too well known to need description here.
The spindle pulleys p¹ all receive motion from one pulley p* on the main shaft H,
by means of two bands p³ p*, one of which passes round the said pulley p³ and
the pulleys pl of the two spindles on one side of the machine, and the other passes
round the said pulley p' and the pulleys p¹ of the two spindles on the other side of
the machine, as shown in Fig. 2.
The mechanism for producing and graduating the pressure necessary to produce
and regulate the friction between the spindle pulleys p¹ and the discs q, will now
be described.
On the exterior of the middle standard B, outside of which are situated all the
flyer driving and spindle driving pulleys, are brackets B¹, containing the bearings
for two upright shafts P, situated at equal distances from the main shaft, as shown
in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawing. Each of these two shafts is provided with an
arm r, at the end of which is au upright yoke r, which stands across the ends of
the two spindles, on its corresponding side of the machine, to bear upon the
studs g of the discs q of those spindles.-Each of said shafts P has, at its upper
end, an arm, which combines with its arm r to form a lever, and the two
arms are connected each by one of two rods with one of two arms or
cranks s¹, s, provided on a horizontal rock shaft 8, which is arranged in bearings
on the top of the flyer-stand. This rock shaft s has also another arm 8³, which is
connected, by a strong spiral spring s', with a stud 8 on the face of a worm
wheel Q, the short shaft of which turns in bearings in a bracket or standard Q₁
secured upon the flyer stand. The same bracket or standard contains the upper
bearing for an upright shaft R, which is geared, by an endless screw t on its upper
end, with the worm wheel Q, and on the lower part of which there is a worm
wheel t¹, which gears with an endless screw t on the end of the shaft of the
traverse screw K, and so causes the shaft R, to receive from the said screw, motion,
which it communicates to the worm wheel Q
The pressure on the ends of the studs q, to produce the necessary friction
between the friction discs q and the friction faces of the spindle pulleys p', is
produced by the tension of the spiral spring 8 acting on the long arm s³ of the
rock shaft 8, and acting through the said arm and rock shaft, the arms s¹, 8 of
the latter, and the rods on the upper arms of the upright shafts P, the lower
arms r and yokes of which, are made to press on the ends of the studs q', and so

page_text: press the friction discs q against the pulleys pl. As the spinning and the filling up
of the bobbins proceeds, the motion derived by the upright shaft R from the
traverse screw produces an exceedingly slow rotary motion of the worm gear Qin
a direction to increase the pressure of the yokes on the friction discs q, and so
increase the friction between the said discs and the spindle pulleys pl as the
quantity of yarn, strand, or twine on the bobbins E increases. It may be here
mentioned that the worm wheel Q need not make more than from one quarter to
one third of a revolution.
The spindles may be driven by toothed gearing instead of by belts, in which
case a loose toothed gear will be substituted for the loose pulley p¹ on each spindle,
and suitable toothed driving gear will then be substituted for the pulley p³, and
belts p³ p³; and the toothed gear on the spindle will, like the said pulley p¹; have
provided upon it a friction face to work against the face of the disc q, which is fast
on the spindle.
Instead of the friction discs being attached to the flyer spindles in the manner
described, which allows pressure to be brought on the discs without producing, any
end thrust on the spindles, the discs might, for some kinds of spindles, be made
quite fast on the spindles, and in that case the necessary pressure to be produced on
the discs would or might be applied directly to the ends of the spindles, and
transmitted to the discs through the spindles.
It is obvious that the mechanism for producing and varying the pressure upon
the discs may be somewhat modified without departing from what is considered
the most important feature of this invention, which is the placing of the friction
device directly between the spindle and the pulley, which is placed on or around
the spindle for the purpose of transmitting motion.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. The combination with a flyer and bobbin spindle, and separate driving.
mechanism for each, of a loose pulley or gear on or concentric with the said spindle
for receiving the motion to be transmitted thereto, and a friction device applied
directly between said pulley and the spindle; substantially as and for the purpose
herein described.
2. The combination with the flyer and bobbin spindle, of the pulley p' fitted to
turn loosely on the spindle, the friction disc q, also fitted loosely to the spindle, and
the key g, entering a notch on the end of the spindle, to compel the spindle to
turn with the disc, but permitting the removal of the disc, substantially as herein
Bet forth.