IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Kaye, of High Holborn, London, in the County
of Middlesex, Lock Maker, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Kaye at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1883.
JOSEPH KAYE, of High Holborn, London, in the County of Middlesex, Lock
Maker. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND LATCHES
This invention relates to certain improvements in my former inventions more
particularly described in Letters Patent granted to me on the 22nd day of
December 1877 N° 4873. and also in letters Patent granted to me on the 21 day
of April 1880, N° 1643
The above named improvements have become known as Kaye's push and pull
system of opening and fastening doors.
My present object is to effect certain improvements in the working of the same,
which improvements are as follows: Firstly: the fixing of a knob, or handle firmly to
the door at the Push side, such handle having a suitable hole through its centre for
the spindle to slide in, which spindle actuates the latch by being pressed with the
finger or thumb, the latch being acted upon by the spindle as in the aforesaid
Patent No 4873 my object being to have a convenient handle by which to close
the door, combined with means of preventing the door being opened inadvertently
as might happen by rolling against the knob, when the knob is fixed to the
spindle, and not sufficiently in a recess. Secondly: I apply my improved striking
plate to the catch or staple of a rim Lock. Thirdly: The application of my push
and pull principle to a swing door, wherein the one spindle acts upon both cam
bolts, securing the door when swinging from one side or the other.
The striking Plates are adjustable, and so arranged as to give way when the
cam bolts of the lock or latch strike them in the swinging of the door to and fro :
This I accomplish by holding the striking plates in position by spiral springs.
This arrangement is necessary in a swing door as there is no rebate as in the case

page_text: of an ordinary door: if the striking plates could not give way the latch would be
broken. Fourthly: The arrangement of a night latch on the push and pull
principle, wherein the pull from the inside is the same as in my former patents,
but the push is accomplished by the introduction into a Yale Lock of a flat key:
The barrel is not revolved as in an ordinary Yale Lock, but pushed forward by the
pushing home of the flat key. To the barrel of the lock is attached an adjustable
screw which actuates the same lever that the pull handle inside actuates, and thus
opens the door. This screw is made to suit the varying thickness of the doors,
and the flat keys can be made very light and inexpensive, as the ordinary
enlargement at the finger and thumb end of the key is not required.

page_text: by the said Joseph Kaye in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th August
1883.
JOSEPH KAYE of High Holborn, London in the County of Middlesex, Lock
Maker IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND LATCHES
This invention relates to certain improvements in my former inventions more
particularly described in Letters Patent granted to me on the 22nd day of
December 1877 N° 4873 and also in Letters Patent granted to me on the 21** day
of April 1880 N° 1643.
The above named improvements have become known as Kaye's push and pull
system of opening and fastening doors.
My present object is to effect certain improvements in the working of the same
which are as follows:-
Firstly—
The fixing of a knob or handle firmly to the door, at the push side, such handle
having a suitable aperture through the centre of the same for the spindle to slide
in this spindle is provided with an adjustable collar secured thereon which presses
against the lever actuating the Latch.
Figure 1 represents a sectional plan of a door shewing the recessed spindle
passing through the knob A. The shell or framework of the door D is fitted with
handles or knobs A and A¹, the former being securely fixed to the door on the push
side. S is a threaded spindle secured in handle or knob A' terminating at K just
below the surface of the handle or knob A. C is an adjustable collar which when
piston K is pushed by the finger or thumb or the handle or knob A' pulled, the
lever L is moved and the catch or cam B actuated: thus by a person accidentally
falling or pushing against the handle or knob A, the door is not opened, inasmuch
as the end of the spindle at K requires pressure of the finger or thumb in order to
open the door D.
Figures 2. 3. and 4 illustrate a modification of Figure 1 and represent my push
principle for a latch which is opened only from the pull side of a door: the knob A
or handle being a fixture, to the case of the latch or may be in one casting with
the case.
I make a hole through the knob for the piston S to slide in, which piston acts direct
on the tail of the cam B, so that by pressing at the piston K. the cam B is drawn from
the striking plate, and the door released, which may be opened by pulling at the
knob A. In order to return the cam B, I apply a spring as at M, which forces the
cam back to its normal position when the pressure at K is released.
Figures 5. 6. and 7 illustrate another modification of my push and pull principle
for special purposes, such as for fastening air tight cases, cabinet doors, drawers
and carriage doors. In Fig 5, D is a door to which is fixed a latch and handle.
M is a bolted door or a door jamb and B is the cam which holds the door at
point N. In order to release the door, the piston K is pressed inwards which acts
upon the spindle C at point H, the spindle C being connected to the cam B at D' :
thus by these means, the cam is actuated and the door or drawer released which
may be opened by pulling at the knob A. When the pressure is released on the
piston K, the spiral spring F being compressed between the latch case at O and the
pin P presses back the spindle C, the cam and spindle being again in the position
for fastening the door.
Should this latch be required to be opened from the inside, the spindle C may be
continued from D¹, through to the inside of the door as shewn at S and a handle

page_text: screwed upon the extended part of the spindle, by which means the cam B can be
drawn. In Figure 6 is shewn the mode of securing the lock to the door, that is by
the two screws K. K. which enter the latch case at the inside, and are screwed into
the bosses J J which are morticed into the door and form part of the Knob A.
Secondly-
The combination of a rim lock on the push and pull principle with an adjustable
striking plate in the staple or catch of such lock, to provide for the shrinkage of
the door to which the rim lock is applied.
This improvement is shewn in Figures 8. 9. 10. and 11. Figure 8 is a section of
the rim lock constructed on my push and pull principle. Figures 9. 10. and 11 shew
the front and side views, and the sectional plan of the staple or catch of a rim lock
with the adjustable striking plate applied: E is the sliding piece carrying the
roller R, and in the event of the door shrinking the sliding piece E can be regulated
by adjusting the screw F. To this arrangement of rim lock I can apply the fixed
handle with spindle actuated by the pressure of the thumb, as before described in
connection with Figure 1.
Thirdly:
In Figures 12 and 13 I shew my arrangement of a night latch on the push and
pull principle wherein the pull from the inside is the same as in Figure 1, but the
push is accomplished by the introduction into a "Yale" lock of a flat-key, which
for convenience I introduce into the haft or handfo of a knife as shewn in
Figure 14 resembling a knife blade which can be opened in the usual way, or the
back of the Key formed as shewn by Figures 15 and 16, the latter Figure being-a
_section of the blade which facilitates the opening of the same, and provides
against the undue wearing of the lower part of the "Yale "lock. The barrel of
the "Yale" lock is not revolved as hitherto, but the pushing home of the Key lifts
the drops a. b. c. d. and e, in Figure 12 and allows the barrel H to be pressed
forward by projection S' on the key: Attached to the barrel H is an adjustable
screw J, which actuates lever L operating upon the catch B which can be adjusted
to fit any thickness of door.
Figures 17. 18 and 19 (see sheet 2) represent a modification of my push and pull
principle for the same purpose, i,e, a Night latch, in combination with a lever lock.
The latch B is drawn from the outside by inserting a key at P, which key acts on
the talant M on the bolt L, the bolt L acting by the pin K on the link H, which
being connected to the latch or cam B by the pin h draws the latch or cam B in,
thus liberating the door. A slot is formed in the link H for the pin K to move in,
so that the cam B can be pressed, without having to force the bolt L.
By turning the key to the bolt L at the talent N the key will push out the said
bolt, which is an additional lock to the latch B.
The keys levers and gates are arranged so that only what is called the master
and the grand master keys can push out the bolt L or draw it in, the latch keys
can only act on the bolt L at M and draw in the latch B. I make the bit of the
latch keys thicker than the master keys at P, that they will not enter the lock at
the inside, so that if the lock is made to be acted on by the keys from the inside,
the latch keys cannot be inserted in the lock at the inside and so prevent the
master key from locking and unlocking from the outside.
The spindle D which acts on the cam B through the lever T is screwed into the
shank of the Knob A which Knob when pulled acts on the lever T by the collar C
and draws in the latch B.
Fourthly
The arrangement of an adjustable striking plate fixed to the jamb & so arranged
as to give way when the cam bolt which is attached to the door strikes it. The
arrangement is illustrated by Figures 20. 21. 22. 23 & 24 respectively representing
a sectional plan, back, front, & side views of a single striking plate for rebated
door jambs. The cam B is fixed to the door D and is maintained in position by a
spring M acting by preference on a projection at the end of the cam B: the
swinging piece E is hinged at N, carries the roller R and is acted upon by the

page_text: spiral spring O, or a sliding piece may be used in place of the swing piece. J is an
adjusting screw, by the turning of which the end plate Qwill be moved towards
the face of the jamb, and the strength of the spiral spring O increased or diminished
according to the direction in which the screw is turned.
In the case of swing doors see Figures 25 and 26 to which this arrangement is
also applicable, the cam bolts B. B. on the door and rollers R. R on the striking
plates are double and reversed as to position, so that the door when oscillating
violently will push back the striking plates on the jamb, but when the oscillation
diminishes, either one or the other and ultimately both cam bolts will be caught
by the striking plate and the door will be held shut.
Figures 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33 and 34-see sheet 2-represent a modified
adjustable striking plate for my push and pull lock. A is the striking plate to fix
in the door jamb for the latch and bolt of the lock to hold to. E is the adjustable
aliding piece carrying the roller R. F is a set screw, which holds the adjustable
aliding piece E firmly to the plate A: by slackening the screw F the roller R may
be brought forward by sliding piece E and so compensate for the shrinking of
a door.
Having thus described the nature of my invention and the manner in which
the same may be carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I claim
as the invention secured to me by the hereinbefore recited Letters Patent is :-
1. A recessed door or cupboard knob having the termination of the spindle for
actuating the catch or cam below the surface of such knob substantially as
described and as illustrated by Figure 1 and the modifications thereof.
2. The combination of the push and pull system and the adjustable striking
plate with the rim lock, substantially as described and as illustrated by Figures 8.
9. 10 & 11.
3 The opening of a night or other latch by means of pushing into a lock of a
flat or other shaped Key introduced into a knife handle substantially as described
and illustrated by Figures 12. 13. 14. 15 and 16
4. The combination of my push and pull principle with a lever Lock constructed
substantially in the manner as described and illustrated by Figures 17. 18 and 19:
5. The adjustable striking plate for rebated doors constructed substantially in
the manner and for the purpose as before described and as illustrated by Figures 5.
6. and 7.
6 The adjustable striking plates for swing doors which give way when the door
swings backwards and forwards constructed substantially in the manner as before
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
7 The adjustable striking plates constructed substantially in the manner
described and as illustrated by Figures 27 to 34 both inclusive.
In Witness whereof I the said Joseph Kaye have hereunto set my hand and
seal this fourteenth day of August in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty-three.
TACED