IMPROVE MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS.
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Bailey and William Henry Bailey, both of
Keighley, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS.'
Sealed the 6th February 1866, and dated the 29th August 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Bailey and
William Henry Bailey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 29th August 1865.
We, ISAAC BAILEY and WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, both of Keighley, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate, first, to that class of machinery for combing in
which the combing operation is performed by causing the wool or other
fibrous material to be embedded amongst a series of comb teeth while such
combs are in contact with each other, and whereby, on the separation of these
combs, a cleaned fringe of wool is left projecting from each comb, this fringe
being afterwards laid hold of by drawing-off rollers or other equivalent means
and drawn from amongst the teeth which cleans the wool at the other end.
And our Invention consists, firstly, in the application of a pair of nipping
jaws to such machinery, and causing them to close and grasp the materials
under operation while the combs are in the act of separating. The nipping jaws
enter between the two separating combs at any suitable point of their separation,

page_text: aud hold a tuft of the material, which will be thus cleaned from end to end.
This cleaned material is afterwards removed from the nipping jaws and pieced
up into a sliver by suitable means and as well understood in wool combing.
The second part of our Invention, consists in the application and use of
additional combs or series of combs that are caused to enter the material at.
a suitable point between the separating combs, either before or after the
closing of the nipping jaws before mentioned, on the material, so as to still
further clean the wool from knots, dirt, and other extraneous matters.
The third part of our Invention consists in an improved arrangement of
an additional cleaning comb applied to the ordinary nip combing machine,
whereby it is enabled, during or subsequent to the act of cleaning, to descend,
and perform the office of the usual dividing bar, and further whilst down to
free itself from knots, dirt, and other extraneous matters by rubbing itself
against a brush or other stripping apparatus, rendering it ready and fit for
a repetition of the operation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isaac Bailey and William Henry Bailey, in the Great Seal
Patent Office, on the 28th February 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ISAAC
BAILEY and WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, both of Keighley, in the County of
York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of August in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Isaac Bailey and William Henry Bailey, Her special licence that
we, the said Isaac Bailey and William Henry Bailey, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Isaac Bailey and
William Henry Bailey, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Isaac
Bailey and William Henry Bailey, our executors or administrators, by an

page_text: instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Isaac Bailey and William Henry
Bailey, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the two
Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
Our improvements relate, first, to that class of machinery for combing in
which the combing operation is performed by causing the wool or other
fibrous material to be embedded amongst two series of comb teeth while
such comb teeth are in contact with each other, and whereby on the
separation of said combs a cleaned fringe of wool is left projecting from each
comb, this fringe being afterwards laid hold of by drawing-off rollers or other
equivalent means, and drawn from amongst the teeth which cleans the wool
at the other end.
And our Invention consists, firstly, in the application of a pair of nipping
jaws to such machinery to close and grasp the materials under operation
while the combs are in the act of separating. The nipping jaws enter between
the two separating combs at any suitable point of their separation, and hold
a tuft of the material, which will by this means be cleaned from end to end.
This cleaned material is afterwards removed from the nipping jaws and
pieced up into a sliver by suitable means as well understood in wool
combing.
The second part of our Invention consists in the application and use of
additional combs or series of combs that are caused to enter the material
at a suitable point between the separating combs, either before or after the
closing of the nipping jaws (before mentioned) on the material, so as to
still further clean the wool from knots, dirt, or any extraneous matters.
The third part of our Invention consists in an improved arrangement
of an additional cleaning comb applied to the ordinary nip combing machine,
whereby it is enabled, during or subsequent to the act of cleaning, to descend
and perform the office of the usual dividing bar, and further whilst down to
free itself from knots, dirt, and other extraneous matters by rubbing against
a brush or other stripping apparatus rendering it ready and fit for a repetition
of the operation.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
In Fig. 1. A is the framing, B the pulley shaft, on the end of which is a
pinion B¹ driving a wheel C¹ on the principal shaft C, this wheel bears a crank
pin C (that imparts through the connecting rod a) a vibratory motion to
arms e¹ one being fixed on each end of the shaft e, the arms e' are furnished
with studs which communicate a reciprocating motion to the sliding comb
head F through connecting rods at the sides, and also a vibratory motion to
the comb head G moving on the centre H by means of the arm & connected
by link with the axis I,"
An axis X is fitted in bearings on the comb head F which answers several
purposes; it is prolonged at each end to receive the ends of the connecting
rods that impart the reciprocating motion, at the same time it has oscillating
motion on its own axis, that serves by means of arm T to elevate the comb
F into the material on approaching towards the nipping jaws, it is also
available as a means of feeding forward the material. Above the combs F;
G', are shewn brushes R, R', these are for pressing the material amongst the
comb teeth. The comb frame G at its upper end carries the shaft I to which
is communicated a vibratory motion on its own axis by a spur wheel I' on
one end, which spur wheel gears into a segment wheel e fixed to the
vibrating arm. On the shaft I a transfer comb 12 is fixed partaking of
the same motion. On the principal shaft C are cams C³ (one at each side
of the machine) that act on rollers C and cause the nipping jaws K, K, to
close and open on each other. The low nip jaw is fixed to the top of a
vertical slide that is moved by the cam C³ acting on the roller C; this
roller is attached to the lower part of the same slide. The top jaw is
attached to a bar that extends across the machine, each end of this bar is
connected with the low nip slide by means of a rod and lever, the lever having
its fulcrum at or near its middle causes the top nip to descend when the
low nip ascends. On the shaft C are also cams that move a vertical slide
L, which slide acts on the lower surface of the comb slides F*, G*, carried by
the comb frames F, G. On the top of these slides are fixed the combs F¹, G¹,
whose position and elevation is regulated by said slide L. The combs F¹, G¹³,
have between each row of pins a bar for the purpose of stripping the
material from such pins.
Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent various positions of the combs F', G³, during
a revolution of the machine and cycle of the motion, the position shewn in
Fig. 6 corresponding with the red position of the parts represented in Fig. 1.
In the Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are represented combs the application of which

page_text: constitutes other parts of our Invention which will be hereafter separately
described. The action of the machine is this:-Prepared slivers of material
being fed into the machine through the feed apparatus M, the comb F¹ on
approaching the nipping jaws K, K, is caused to enter the material, and when
the combs F, G¹, are together the comb G' is caused to ascend and enter the
material projecting from the comb F¹, the combs then separate from each
other and during the act of separation the nipping jaws K, K, (acted on- by
the cams C³ are made to close on each other and grasp the cleaned part of
the material, between them the combs F¹, G¹, continuing their motion leave a
tuft of material held by the nipping jaws K, K, cleaned from end to end, this
tuft is ready for removal (on the opening of the nipping jaws) by the transfer
comb 1 mounted on the axis I; this transfer comb directly on its return
motion enters the material held by the jaws as seen in Fig. 6, which then
let go their hold, and the comb I' by its motion on its own axis and the
motion of the comb frame G carries over the tuft of material and lays it on
an endless card sheet N, or on an ordinary gill, from which it is removed in
the form of a continuous combed sliver by ordinary means. When the comb
frames F, G, bave arrived at the extent of their motion the combs F¹, G¹,
(by the action of the cams on the slide L) are made to descend, leaving the
material that was amongst the teeth on the surface of the bars x, x, that are
placed between the rows of teeth of the combs. The noil and dirt that was
retained by the comb G' is then removed, and during the return of the
combs a supply of material is fed forward for a repetition of the operation.
In returning to the elevated position the one comb G¹ is elevated by slide L,
the other having been previously raised by the arm T on the oscillating
shaft X. In some cases, in place of the comb F', and the sliding comb
frame F, we prefer to use a stationary gill head and a nipping apparatus
having a motion to and from the gill head and the comb G' acting [relatively
to the nipping apparatus as before. In the annexed Drawings the con-
necting rods, arms, and parts for communicating motion are for the most
part represented by single dotted lines in order to avoid confusion, but which
will be readily understood by persons conversant with combing machinery.
The second part of our Invention consists in the use and application of
additional cleaning combs F, G, Fig. 2, to the above described mechanism.
5 The shaft C, Fig. 1, bears a cam O, O, shown dotted giving vibratory motion
to the arm P (seen dotted) on the centre P¹. By reason of the truck roller v
mounted on one of the arms and bearing on cam o these arms (through
connecting rods) give an upward and downward motion to the additional
combs F, G, Fig. 2. The action is as follows:-During the act of sepa

page_text: ration of the combs F¹, G', the combs F, G, (by the action of the cam o)
descend and enter the material close to each other (as seen in Fig. 3), then
the nipping jaws (acted on by the cams C³) begin to close on each other,
and in doing so push the combs F, G, a little apart and grasp the cleaned
material between them as in Fig. 4. The combs F¹, G¹, continue their
motion to the position seen in Fig. 5, they then take the additional combs
F, G, along with them further, cleaning the material as they do so, and by
the time the combs F, G¹, have arrived at the extent of their motion the
combs F, G, will have descended (as seen in Fig. 6) out of the ends of the
material, carrying with them. any knots or dirt that may have escaped the
combs F, G. The knots and dirt are removed from the combs F, G²,
whilst down by brushes or other stripping apparatus.
The third part of our Invention consists of an improved arrangement of
an additional comb or combs applied to the ordinary nip machine. In Fig. 7
a, a, are the gill combs; b, b, the nipping jaws vibrated by the axis d; on this
axis is a cam e giving vibratory motion to arms f (one on each side of the
machine). On the centre f¹ these arms (through side rods). give vibratory
motion to the top arms g moving on the centre g¹; these arms carry sliding
rods y, to which is attached the additional cleaning comb h. The action is
this-Prepared material being fed into the gill combs a, a, the nipping
jaws b, b, close on each other grasping the material between them, they then
move away from the gill combs taking a tuft of material with them, and as
they are. doing so the additional cleaning comb h (pushed outwards by
springs on the sliding rods y) follows close to the departing nip, and during
this departure the comb h is made to descend and enter the material close
to the nipping jaws as in Fig. 8, the comb h then remains stationary for a time,
and the nip continuing to depart draws the material through it; the comb h
then further descends out at the ends of the material as in Fig. 9, carrying
with it any knots or dirt that may have escaped the gill combs a, a, at the
same time performing the office of the usual dividing bar by completing the
detachment of the tuft from the gill combs a, a, and whilst down it. is freed
from the knots and dirt it has retained by a stationary or rotary brush or
other equivalent apparatus.
Having described the nature of our Invention and the manner of carrying
the same into effect, we at same time desire it to be understood that we
do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein above mentioned, as
modifications may be made without departing from the nature of our Inven-
tion, and we declare that what we claim as our Invention to be protected by
-the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-

page_text: First, the construction and use of nipping apparatus applied to nip and
grasp the cleaned material at any suitable point intermediate of two sepa-
rating combs during their separation as and for the purpose herein-before
described.
Secondly, the application and use of additional cleaning combs in com-
bination with the arrangement of separating combs and intermediate nipping
apparatus for the purpose of still further cleaning the material, under
operation as herein-before described.
Thirdly, the application and use of an additional cleaning comb as a
dividing bar to the ordinary nip combing machine and the improved arrange-
ment of mechanism for giving it effect, all as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Bailey, for myself and
on behalf of the said Isaac Bailey, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
W. CLARK,
WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY. (L.S.)
Patent Agent,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.