Improvements in Brush Polishing Wheels.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1897-Accepted, 10th July, 1897
Improvements in Brush Polishing Wheels.
I, ALBERT KORTUM, Superintendent, of 526 W. 25th Street, New York City, in the
County and State of New York, in the United States of America, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to rotary polishing-devices, or buffing-wheels, for cleaning
and polishing the surface of metallic articles. It has for its objects to provide a
wheel having a polishing surface composed of fibres, bristles or other similar materials,
having free ends, the fibres being cemented at or near the hub of the wheel, rendering
the use of wires or threads to secure the fibres unnecessary, dispensing with the
boring of the wheel-hub, and making a fuller brush than by wiring or setting in
Bockets, and increasing the useful life of the wheel. In addition, intermediate disks
of oloth, or other suitable material, may be combined with the fibres, in order that
the polishing composition inay be more readily retained by the wheel. A further
object of the invention is to provide hollowed or cupped, clamping rings, for
compacting the mass of bristles, or fibres, thereby increasing the life of the wheel.
In the accompanying drawings:-
:-
Fig. 1 is a top view (part being broken away) of a form of wheel embodying my
invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of said wheel ;
Fig. 3 is a view of one of my fibre wheels with hollowed or cupped clamping-rings
retaining diska.
A is the central arbor, or hub; B, B, are end-rings or washers secured to the
arbor, and adapted to take the clamping-strain when the wheel is applied to a
machine. Cis a body of cement, or other suitable moulding material, securing the
parts of the wheel together and holding the fibres and textile material in place.
D indicates the fibres, or bristles, having outer free ends constituting the
circumference of the wheel, and with their ends near the centre of the wheel
buried in the cement.
In all rotary polishing wheels made previously to this invention, the bristles,
or fibres, have been attached to the hub by bending them around wires and then
inserting the wires through holes bored in the central hub, or by bending the
fibres around wires which completely encircle the hub. Both of these methods
are objectionable, and tend to shorten the life of the wheel, and impair its
polishing surface, because the fibres, or bristles, being of a fragile and somewhat
brittle nature, are injured, strained or partially fractured by bending them, and
are, therefore, apt to break when subjected to the severe strain caused by the
very rapid rotation of a revolving polishing brush or wheel, and when broken
they lessen the attachment of the fibres, or bristles, which are held by the same
wire, and the breaking of one fibre is likely to displace a large number.
Moreover, the boring of hubs, for the purpose of wiring on fibres, and the
process of wiring, are expensive.
Polishing wheels are rapidly used up, by
subjected, and by the wear of the polishing
the violent action to which they are
materials used with them.
It is,

page_text: therefore, of the highest importance that such wheels should be constructed in
the most economical manner, so as to enable the manufacturer to use them up
without incurring undue expense.
For the reasons above stated, no economical polishing-wheel, in which the
polishing surface is composed of fibres, or bristles, has been heretofore, produced.
Glue, or cement, when used for the purpose of fastening together scraps of
textile fabrics in the manufacture of polishing-wheels, uever performed the same
function, in connection with textile materials, as it does in the case of a wheel made
from bristles, or fibres. There is no danger of textile materials being fractured by
being bent, and the cement, where used, does not obviate the necessity of such
bendings as has been universally employed with all former fibre polishing-wheels.
In a fibre wheel also the cement unites the fibres in a much more compact mass
than could otherwise be done, and assists the fibres in retaining more of the
polishing materials, notwithstanding the great tendency of the same to leave the
wheel under the influence of centrifugal action. Cement has also been applied to
polishing-wheels made of disks of leather, or other substance, to unite the disks
solidly together at the working edge. Such wheels are known as "solid wheels," and
are utilised for entirely different purposes than the brush-polishing-wheels having
working surfaces of free fibres or bristles.
In order to fully charge the wheel with the polishing material, textile-fabric, or
other suitable material, is interposed among the bristles, preferably securing it in
place by means of the cement C. The polishing inaterial more readily adheres to
the textile material than it does to the fibres, or bristles, and an economy in cost of
polishing material is effected.
I prefer to make the wheel as shown in the drawing, circular layers of bristles,
or fibres, alternating with circular disks E, or textile material, the outer edges of the
disks and the free ends of the fibres constituting the circumference of the wheel.
The textile material may, however, be in any form, and if desired leather, chamois,
or other yielding material may be substituted for the textile fabric.
The hollowing or cupping of the end-rings B, or one of them, causes the free ends
of the fibres or bristles to incline towards and be compacted with each other,
more than would otherwise be the case, and makes a more compact working
surface, which increases the life of the wheel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I clain :—
1. A brush-polishing-wheel, composed of fibres secured at or near the centre of the
wheel by a cement, and textile material interposed among the fibres and secured
to the cement, the free ends of the fibres and the free edges of the textile
material constituting the circumference of the wheel.
2. A brush-polishing-wheel, composed of circular layers of fibres interposed
between disks of textile fabric, the fibres and disks being secured together at or
near the centre of the wheel and having free ends or edges, constituting the
circumference of the wheel.
3. In a brush-polishing-wheel the combination of a body of fibres, or bristles,
with one or more hollowed or capped end-rings for compacting the free ends of
the fibres, or bristles.
Dated this 31st day of May 1897.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.