IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN CON- NECTION WITH FIRE-PLACES, FIRE-GRATES, AND STOVES EMPLOYED IN THE WARMING OF ROOMS AND BUILDINGS."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Livermore Shorland, of the Firm of
Shillito and Shorland, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Ironmongers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN CON-
NECTION WITH FIRE-PLACES, FIRE-GRATES, AND STOVES EMPLOYED IN THE
WARMING OF ROOMS AND BUILDINGS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Livermore
Shorland at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 19th July 1875.
I, GEORGE LIVERMORE SHORLAND, of the Firm of Shillito and
Shorland, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Ironmongers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND IN CONNECTION WITH FIRE-PLACES, FIRE-GRATES, AND STOVES EMPLOYED
IN THE WARMING OF ROOMS AND Buildings,” to be as follows :—
My Invention relates to the fire-grates, fire-places, and stoves employed
in the warming of rooms and buildings, and more particularly to such

page_text: fire-places as are provided with chambers in which air is warmed, and
from which the warmed air is permitted to flow into the room or
chamber, or into a room other than the one in which the fire-place is
erected.
When carrying my said Invention into effect I erect the fire-grate
and its air chamber or chambers in mantle pieces or chimney pieces,
which project forward from the chimney wall sufficiently to enable me
to form a passage or passages behind the upper part of the mantle piece,
through which passage or passages the warm air flows and issues in an
upward direction into the room through an opening or openings, or
through a grid, or through grids formed or let in or into the shelf or
horizontal slab of the mantle piece. Supposing, for example, the case
of a fire-place provided with an arched marble mantle piccc I increase
the depth of the said mantle piece to the extent, say, of nine inches,
measuring from the wall horizontally to the front of the mantle piece,
the solidity and ornamental effect being thereby increased
I form an
opening or openings in the horizontal slab or shelf, and I connect such
opening or each opening with a passage or pipe, which is connected with
the air warming chamber or chambers. The opening or each opening
in the said slab or shelf may be fitted with a grid or with a valvo or
regulator.
I prefer to employ fire-grates provided with air warming chambers
constructed in accordance with a former Invention for which Her
Majesty's Royal Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-first day of
November, in the year One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four,
and Numbered 3999, have been granted to me, but other descriptions
of warming chambers may be employed if preferred.
In some cases the warmed air may be conveyed through a passage or
ſlue or through passages or flues into a room other than the one in
which the warming apparatus is fixed, such other room being provided
with a mantle piece formed and arranged as hercin-before indicated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Livermore Shorland in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 19th January 1876.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LIVERMORE SHORLAND, of the Firm of Shillito and Shorland, of
Stretford Road, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Ironmongers,
send grooting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, hearing date the Nineteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the fortieth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Ier heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said George Livermore Shorland, Her special
licence that I, the said George Livermore Shorland, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said George
Livermore Shorland, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britam and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN CONNECTION WITH FIRE-
PLACES, FIRE-GRATES, AND STOVES EMPLOYED IN THE WARMING OF ROOMS AND
BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Livermore Shorland, my exccutors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertam the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said George Livermore Shorland, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings,
that is to say:-

page_text: warming chamber, and any other which may be preferred or considered
to be more suitable or convenient may be employed
The mantle piece a projects about nine inches further from the wall
or chimney breast than is usual, but this extent of projection may be
greater or less than nine inches This increase in the depth or projection
of the mantle piece adds to its solidity and ornamental effect. The
chamber B is formed with two outlets for warm air, one at each side or
end of the chamber, the section in Figs 1 and 2 being taken throngh
the centre of one of the said outlets To cach outlet is coupled a con-
necting pipe d, which in the example is formed with a pocket at e to
receive dust or other substance which may fall into the said pipe. In
some cases this pocket is dispensed with and the air flows upwards
through a straight pipe. The smoke and gases from the fire pass between
the pipes & to the flucƒ
In some cases I may connect an outlet pipe for cold air with the
pipe d in order that when desired fresh cold air may be allowed to mix
with the issuing current of warm air, as specified in a former Invention,
dated the Twenty-ninth day of May last, and Numbered 1970.
I
In Fig 1 the upper ond of each pipe d is connected with a box or
grating let into the slab or shelf h of the mantle piece The cold fresh
air enters at 2, and flowing through the chamber B and pipes d issues
through the gratings 9 into the room
I
If considered to be desirable the
said gratings or the pipes d may be fitted with sliding or revolving
valves or shutters, whereby the supply of warm air may be regulated.
In Fig 2 the pipe d is connected with a pipe D, which extends into an
upper room, and conveys the warm air into such room.
In the example
the pipe D is supposed to be an ornamental metal pipe of a D shape in
cross section, the pipe being fixed with its flat side against the wall,
but in some cases I employ a pipe built into a projecting chimney
breast The upper end of the said pipe is or may be provided or formed
with a grating or perforated plate or capital, and if preferred may be
fitted with a valve to regulate the emmission of air. The said pipe may
be extended so as to convey the warm air into the second floor or storey
above the one in which the grate is fixed, or as high as may be required,
and one pipe may convey the air to one storcy and the other pipe to a
storey higher up.
11

page_text: room Instead of the air issuing from the pipe D, as represented
in Fig. 2, the upper end of the said pipe may be built into a projecting
mantle piece in the upper room, or be connected with a pipe or passage
in such mantle piece, the air issuing therefrom as in the example illus-
trated in Fig. 1.
Having now fully described and indicated the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which I may carry the same into practical
effect, I would in conclusion have it to be understood that I claim,―
First. The arrangements substantially as and for the purposes set
forth and indicated herein-before and in the accompanying Drawings
And, lastly. The arrangement of air passages within projecting mantle
pieces or chimney breasts, through which air flows in an upward
direction, and from which it issues vertically, substantially as and for
the purposes herein-before set forth and indicated.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Livermore Shorland, -
have hereunto set my hand and scal, this Eighteenth day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-six
Signed and scaled by the said
George Livermore Shorland,
in the presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent to the Patentec,
3, Princess Street,
Albert Square,
Manchester.
GEO. L. SHORLAND. (L.S.)