Year: 1889

page_text: I WILLIAM PAUL THEERMANN of 18 Phoebe Street Regent Road Salford in the
County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in motor engines operated by the ignition of
explosive mixtures of air and petroleum or other hydro-carbon or gas and the object
of iny improvements is to construct a compact reliable and efficient engine.
To effect this object I propose to employ a compression or charging cylinder placed
at right angles to the explosion or motor cylinder and I actuate the pistons of both
cylinders from the same crank in such manner that the compression piston will be half
way through its instroke or thereabouts as the motor piston reaches the end of its out-
stroke. This arrangement causes each piston to move at its quickest speed when the
other piston is moving at its slowest speed and consequently nearly the whole of the
charge is forced by the charging piston into the motor cylinder while the piston of
the latter uncovers and covers again the exhaust ports.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will describe the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an elevation of an engine constructed according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line V V Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line Z Z Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a section on the line W W Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a section on the line X X Fig. 4.
Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views of an injector appliance which I einploy for the
purposes of my Invention.
In these views--a designates the bed or frame of the engine, b the crankshaft, b' the.
By wheel, c the crank, d the connecting rod of the motor piston e, f the motor
cylinder, c' a pin secured to the connecting rod d from which pin c' motion is given
to the piston g of the charging cylinder g' by means of a connecting rod h see Fig. 2
Price Sa

page_text: pivoted at one end to the pin c' and at the other to a beam or rocking rever? which
is secured on a shaft free to turn in bearings formed in the bed a and at the other
A small
end the beam i is pivoted to the connecting rod j of the charging piston g.
pump see Fig. I is actuated when the engine is in motion by a lever secured on
the rocking shaft to force air through the pipe l into an injector appliance M shown 5
in detail in Figs. 6 and 7; the plug or central portion m of this injector is provided
with a passage and a groove m' for the admission of air supplied from the pump
through the pipe and a small passage m² for the admission of oil from the pipe n in
communication with an oil reservoir not shown.
A governor o driven by a band o¹ from a pulley on the shaft b acts upon the
plug m of the injector by a swivel lever o pivoted on a stud 03 which acts upon the
space 7723
lever ms to open and close the passage m² for the admission of oil into the
in the injector into which it is drawn by the current of air passing from m' to m' ;
the oil mixes with the air and is forced through the narrow mouth or nozzle of m³
into the pipe m which conducts the mixed air and oil into an annular space p³ covered
by a mushroom valve p' which is raised by suction when the charging piston g makes
an outward stroke; there is also an open pipe g³, which at all times admits air freely
to the charging cylinder g' with the explosive mixture supplied by the injector
appliance M; the mixed charge prior to entering the charging cylinder 9' passes
under the valve p² and above this valve into a chamber p² and through a vapourizer p
into the charging cylinder g'. In the upper part of the chamber på is another
mushroom valve held to its seat by a spring q' so that the valve q when closed
isolates the motor cylinder f from the charging cylinder g'. In a passage r between
the valve q and the combustion chamber of the notor cylinder f is a valve s which
separates the charge from the ignition tube t and ignition chamber t² which valve is
opened and closed as required by a rod s actuated from an eccentric or can not shown
on the crankshaft b, the valve s being operated and the charge in the motor cylinder f
being ignited at the required time by the ignition tube t which is kept at a white heat
by a light constantly burning within a chimney t'; but other known means may be
employed for firing the charge.
There is a small passage 82 in the side of the ignition chamber t which releases the
pressure in the tube t and chamber and permits the products of combustion to
escape; the spindle of the valve s is grooved as shown at Fig. 5 so as to open the
passage & when the valves is closed and to close the said passage when the valve is
open.
The operation is as follows:-To start the engine the fly wheel b' is turned and
as the charging piston makes an outward stroke air is drawn from the pipe g³,
through the mushroom valve p' and at the same time the pump k forces air through
the pipe into the injector M the air in passing from the spaco m³, into the passage m
induces a current which draws a supply of oil up the pipe n and the fluid mixture
of combined oil and air is drawn under the valve p into the chamber, p where it
nixes with the air admitted through g³, and passes through the vapourizer pt, heated
by a flamo u, into the cylinder gl. The light u is used on starting the engine to heat
the vapourizer p so as to heat and assist in vapourizing the oil as it enters and
leaves the cylinder g'. On the return or instroke of the piston g the charge within
the cylinder' is compressed and forced back through the vapourizer p into the
chamber p and under the valve q into the motor cylinder f. On the instroke of the
motor piston e the valve q closes and the charge confined in the cylinder is com-
pressed within the combustion chamber at the end of the said cylinder and then fired
by reason of the valve s opening so as to allow the heated tube to ignite the
explosive mixture and give an impulse to the motor piston e.
When the motor piston e approaches the end of its outstroke it uncovers the exhaust
passages and the exhaust aided by the new charge entering the motor cylinder
from the charging cylinder g' in the manner described is expelled through an exhaust
passage f into the jacket of the cylinder 9' which the heated exhaust gases warm on
their way to the outlet port g³. After the engine has been started the light u for
vanourizing the oil may be extinguished.

page_text: By referring to Figs. 6 and 7 it will be seen that the pump & can force air at all
times through the injector M. but the supply of oil is regulated by the governor acting
upon the swivel lever o² and lever on which by moving the plug m of the injector
opens and closes the passage m² and so permits the feed of oil or shuts it off according
to the requirements of the engine.
In constructing an engine to use gas as the source of motive power I should omit
the passage f in the jacket of the cylinder g' the vapourizer p' air pump and
injector appliance M and admit gas directly through the pipe m and air through gª,
the other portions of the engine being as shown and described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a motor engine having its charging cylinder placed at right angles to the
motor cylinder with the pistons of both cylinders actuated from the same crank said
engine being operated by the combustion of explosive mixtures of air and petroleum
or other hydro-carbon or gas the structural arrangement and combination of the
several parts for carrying out the cycle of operations specified, all substantially as and
for the purposes herein set forth.
2. The construction use and application substantially as specified of the injector
appliance M combined with an air pump or equivalent for feeding explosive fluid
mixtures to any suitable type of hydro-carbon engine.
3. In an engine operated by the combustion of explosive mixtures of air and
petroleum or other hydro-carbon the mode of heating the charge in the charging
cylinder by conducting the exhaust products of combustion expelled from the motor
cylinder through a passage in the jacket of the charging cylinder substantially as
herein set forth.
4.—The combination with a motor cylinder and a charging cylinder placed at right
angles to one another, of the several valves, ports chambers and passages for con-
trolling the admission and discharge of the explosive mixture and the expulsion of the
products of combustion substantially as and for the purposes herein described and as
llustrated by the Drawings annexed.
5. In a motor engine operated by the ignition of explosive flaid mixtures the com-
bination with the valve 8, of the passage & for releasing the products of combustion
from the ignition tube and chamber substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 27th day of March 1880
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester,
Agent for Applicant.