Improvements in the Dyeing of Textile Piece Goods and in the Machinery and Apparatus employed therein.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 15th July, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 15th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 28th May, 1898.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Dyeing of Textile Piece Goods and in the
Machinery and Apparatus employed therein.
I, ARTHUR HENRY WARDLE, of St. Edward Street, Leek, in the County of
Stafford, Dyer, trading at the Churnet Works, Leek, aforesaid, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
:-
The invention relates to a new method of dyeing textile piece goods and a new
combination of mechanism and apparatus consisting of a bark having a semi-circular
(that is, concave) bottom instead of the ordinary flat bottom over which is suspended
a skeleton reel without a rim having spokes extended from each end of the axle at
right angles thereto. Connecting the opposite spokes at intervals and running
parallelel with the axle are a number of rods working in small slots in the spokes and
so arranged as to allow of the textile being wound on the reel in one continuous
length. The reel may be worked either by hand or power and is adjusted so that
it may be dipped into the liquor and raised above it as occasion requires. A rotary
motion is given to the reel when in the bark with alternating action. The material
is so attached to the rods that it is kept extended in its width and an even dye
results. The apparatus may be constructed of wood or metal or partly of each.
Improvements in the Dyeing of Textile Piece Goods and in the
Machinery and Apparatus employed therein.
1, ARTHUR HENRY WARDLE, St. Edward Street, Leek, County of Stafford, Dyer,
trading at the Churnet Works, Leek, aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described in and by the following statement :-
This my invention has reference to a new or improved method of, and apparatus
for dyeing textile piece goods, the object of my said invention being to save time,
labour and expense, to enable small or large quantities or lengths of fabric or
material to be economically dyed, and to ensure an even or uniform shade of colour
or dye.
In carrying my said invention into practice I form a "bark" or vessel of any
suitable size with a semi-circular or concave bottom of or from wood, sheet iron,
sheet copper,
sheet or cast brass, cast iron or other similar suitable material of
any suitable thickness or thicknesses, to each side of such "barks" at a suitable
distance apart I rivet or otherwise suitably fasten the lower end of two wrought-
iron, brass or other suitable metallic bars or uprights having any suitable number
of holes or apertures drilled or formed through same, the upper ends of the said
Paine 27

page_text: bars extending a suitable and equal distance above the sides of such "barks
vessels.
وو
or
Between such uprights at the sides of such "barks" I fit any suitable metallic
bearing for supporting the outer portion or ends of a steel, iron or other suitable
transverse axle or shaft of suitable size having any suitable number of radiating
metallic or wood arms or spokes of suitable size attached or connected thereto at a
suitable distance from and between the said uprights, any suitable number of slots
or holes being formed at a suitable distance apart through each of the said rail
arms for enabling the ends of cane, wood or metallic rods of suitable size to be
placed or loosely fitted therein so as to be parallel to the aforesaid axle or shaft
and form a skeleton reel or winder upon which the silk or other fabric to be dyed
is wound.
In order that my said invention may be more readily understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings on which letters of reference
are marked.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a wood "bark" made according to my
invention, shewing the skeleton reel or winder with a fabric wound thereon, and
Figure 2 represents an end elevation of Figure 1 having the fabric removed from
its reel or winder, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow A.
On reference to the drawings hereto annexed a represents a "bark" made of or
from ash, elm, oak or other suitable wood having a semi-circular or concave bottom b,
to each side of which vessel two wrought-iron straps or upright bars c, c; d, d
are screwed or otherwise fixed or fastened having a slidable metallic bearing c², d²
fitted between same supporting a horizontal iron or steel axle e.
When it is desired to dye a length of silk or cloth fabric the horizontal shaft e is
first raised horizontally or an equal height at each side by means of its outer
ends e² until the outer ends of the radial arms are a suitable distance above the
sides of the "bark" a or the dye liquor therein, a wrought iron or other suitable
pin or bolt c³, d³ is then placed through the holes in the upright bars c, d below the
bearings c², d2 for retaining or supporting the axle or shaft e at that height or
position, one end of a cane, wood or metallic rod g is then placed through the
lowest slotted hole, or hole nearest to the axle e in one of the radial arms, then
through a loop formed on or attached to one end of the fabric to be dyed, the
opposite end of such rod being then placed in or through the corresponding hole
of the opposite radil arm h, similar rods are then placed in the other holes of the
same circle of holes and the skeleton reel revolved either by hand or other motive
power to wind the fabric around such rods, after the first revolution other transverse
rods are placed in position in the second circle of holes and the winder revolved so
that another length or wrapping of the fabric is wound around such second circle
of rods, then a third set or circle of rods is placed in position and a third revolution
of the reel made to wind fabric around such third circle of rods and so on until
the whole length of material to be dyed is wound around and kept in width on the
several rods of such skeleton reel as shewn at Figure 1, the outer end of the fabric
having a loop attached thereto for enabling the last rod or cane to be passed through
same for securing such fabric to such reel or winder, or such outer end may be
wrapped around or otherwise suitably fastened to the last rod used.
the
After sufficient steam has been conducted through a suitable pipe attached to the
lower portion of one of the sides or ends of such "barks" for the purpose of rousing
or mixing up the dye which may have settled at the bottom of such "barks
pins or bolts c³, d³ are removed and the axle or shaft e with the skeleton reel and
fabric thereon lowered until the underside of the metallic bearings c², d² bear on
the upper edge of the sides of the "bark" a, or until when the reel is revolved the
several coils or windings of fabric on such reel will pass through the dye liquor
contained in such "bark."

page_text: Such skeleton reel with the fabric thereon may be revolved by hand or other
motive power, and I prefer to impart an alternating motion to such fabric covered
reel, that is to say three or more revolutions in one direction, then the same or more
revolutions in the opposite direction for any convenient length of time so as to
obtain an even tension of the fabric on such reels or winders, and an even dye or
shade of colour, until the required depth or shade of colour is attained, the alter-
nating or rotary motion is then stopped, and the axle e with the dyed fabric on the
reel lifted by its ends and retained at a suitable height above the dye liquor in the
"bark" by placing the metallic pins or bolts c³, d³ through holes in the uprights c, d,
beneath the bearings c², d², so that the dyed fabric may dry and all surplus or
extraneous liquor strain or drain therefrom."
I would have it understood that cotton wool mixtures, such as cotton and silk,
wool and cotton, silk plush, cotton plush and the like may be dyed in the manner,
and by using the apparatus herein before described, and cold dye used for some
fabrics.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The method of, and apparatus for use in dyeing textile fabrics in which a skeleton-
reel or winder is attached, fixed or fitted upon or to an adjustable and revoluble
horizontal shaft, for enabling such reel or winder to be raised or lowered as required
into or above the "bark" of such apparatus in the manner and for the purpose as
herein substantially described set forth and illustrated on the drawings hereto
annexed.
Dated thin 14th day of Annil 1802
JOHN
NEWTON,
Longport, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, Agent for Applicant.