IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING A
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Tatham, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING
A
Sealed the 4th July 1862, and dated the 7th January 1862.
03
03:2008
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Tatham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
January 1862.
I, JOHN TATHAM, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
5 Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND
WINDING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in the employment of corrugated metal for
the covers of scutchers or openers of carding engines, surface motion drums,
O and the clearers of top rollers of preparing and spinning machinery.
Secondly I form the doffer or stripper combs of carding engines after the
manner of "angle iron," or I form the section thereof as a curve which may
constitute a whole circle.
Thirdly, I form the doffer or stripper combs with teeth on both edges so
5 that they may be reversed when desired.
Fourthly, my Invention relates to the drawing frame, and has for its
object facility of construction. With this view I dispense with the parts called
stands," and mount the slides direct upon a bar or separate flanges formed upon
"mid-feathers" placed at suitable intervals in the length of the machine.
6

page_text: Fifthly, my Invention relates to spindles, flyers, or bobbins of preparing and
spinning machines, in which the driving friction surfaces or gearing are
capable of being disengaged, and consists in mounting one of the said wheels
or friction surfaces so that it may slide upon its shaft or bearing, and in
adapting a spring or weight for the purpose of bringing the two together.
Sixthly, my Invention refers to those top rollers of preparing and spinning
machinery, which are constructed with loose bosses, and consists in forming
right and left handed threads, or other spiral grooves in the axes thereof,
for the purpose of distributing lubricating material.
5
Another part of my Invention relates to the self-acting mule, or similar 1
machines, and relates, firstly, to mechanism for effecting the backing off of
the yarn. For this purpose I apply a spring for taking the backing off
friction surfaces out of gear, or two springs or weights, one of which upon
being released by the running out of the carriage, renders the other at liberty
to bring the usual friction surfaces into contact, but this it is prevented from 1
doing until the right time by means of a stop, which stop is subsequently with-
drawn. Also I employ a set screw or screws, or other such adjustable part
on or in connexion with the strap lever for regulating the positions of the
nothe
parts which govern the action of the friction surfaces. The two springs above
mentioned, having acted in combination so as to cause the friction surfaces
to be pressed together, one of them is subsequently employed to remove them
from contact, and this it is allowed to effect by the arrival of the faller leg
above a stop or bowl, the said leg being then at liberty to be drawn forward
or locked by the usual spring, which locking removes a projecting arm from
a lever in connexion with said spring. In the above arrangement therefore
the two springs I employ act in combination so as to put the friction surfaces
into and out of connexion. Also I employ the motion which governs the
action of the friction surfaces to the purpose of regulating the catches which
hold the carriage during the backing off, and of releasing it when necessary.
Also in the employment of the backing off motion for releasing a weight or
spring situated behind the headstock carriage or fallers for putting in gear
the putting up clutch box.
clutch box.ioce od
Another improvement in the mule relates to apparatus for putting in and
taking out of gear by hand the clutch box which gives motion to the "scrolls."
For this purpose I employ a rod extending from the front of the headstock,
and at the back end thereof an inclined plane or cam.
Another improvement in the mule relates to a method of giving motion
to the "cam shaft," and consists in the employment of spur or bevil wheels,
which may be lifted or slidden in and out of gear. In the winding-on motion

page_text: I effect improvements by giving the quadrant or radial arm a bearing on
both sides, also I cause the part to which the chain is attached to clip both
Also I so arrange the "nosing peg" or
sides of the quadrant or radial arm.
bracket, that it shall be capable of moving bodily for adjustment.
Another improvement in the winding on motion relates to a construction of
brake applied to a shaft pulley or wheel, which gives motion through a chain
or band to the screw or nut of the quadrant or radial arm. This brake I con-
struct by causing a band or strap to lap around the said shaft pulley or wheel.
Another improvement in the mule relates to those arrangements in which
the scroll or scrolls are used on both sides of the head stock and consists in
adapting a bearing at both ends of the shaft.
I
Another improvement in the mule relates to an arrangement for releasing
and stopping the cam shaft at the required changes. For this purpose
employ a rod or rods forced in one direction by springs or weights; these rods
have projecting parts, which are acted upon by the fallers or other part
connected to the carriage, and at the proper time are caused to advance into
or retreat from revolving stops placed upon the cam shaft. This motion I
also employ for disengaging the clutch box of the front roller.
Another improvement in the mule consists in the application of a wire
capable of turning upon centres, so as to be raised when the carriage runs in,
and elevate the broken ends towards the spindles.
Another part of my Invention relates to the throstle, and consists in bringing
the rollers closer together, and in placing the creel over and above them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Tatham in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TATHAM, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Tatham, Her special license that I, the said John Tatham, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Tatham, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and

page_text: no others, from time to time and at all times thereart
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS 5
MATERIALS," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said John Tatham,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after 1
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Tatham, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement, and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in the employment of that form of sheet metal
usually termed corrugated for the covers of scutchers or openers; also for the
covers of carding engines, and for the manufacture of cylinders to be used as
surface motion drums, that is to say, such drums as are used for unwinding or
winding fibrous materials by revolving in contact therewith.
Also I employ the said corrugated metal for making cylinders to be used as
clearers for the top rollers of preparing and spinning machinery. The drums
and rollers as aforesaid may be fitted with axles in any ordinary manner.
Another part of my Invention relates to the doffer or stripper combs of carding
engines, and consists, firstly, in forming them after the manner of "angle iron,"
or I form the section of the said combs or strippers as a curve, which may
constitute a whole circle. This part of my Invention is shewn at Fig. 1 of the
accompanying Drawings, in which a represents the comb or stripper formed
out of one piece of metal, as ordinary angle iron; Fig. 2 represents the curved
form, the comb or stripper a being formed out of a piece of metal bent into a
circle with a continuation of one end for the acting part. A portion of a circle
only, however, may be used if desired.
Another improvement in the doffer comb or stripper is shewn at Fig. 3,
which represents a straight blade as in ordinary use; but according to my
Invention I form teeth on both edges thereof, so that the blade may be turned
edge for edge when one has become worn away.
Another part of my Invention relates to the drawing frame, and has for its
object facility of construction. With this view I dispense with the parts
called "stands," and mount the "slides" direct upon a bar or separate flanges

page_text: "mid-feathers" placed at suitable intervals in the length of the
formed upon
machine; this improvement is shewn at Figs. 4 and 5, the former of which is
a vertical section of a portion of a drawing frame, and the latter a plan view
of one of the "mid-feathers" which support the slides.
وو
According to the usual method of constructing these machines, the
"slides a are supported by stands, which are carried in a vertical position
by the framework, whereas, according to my improvement, I place "mid-
feathers," as at 6 in the framework, such mid-feathers being provided with
be
projecting parts c for the reception of the slides a, and to this part they may
attached by bolts as at d.
Another part of my Invention relates to spindles, flyers, or bobbins of
preparing and spinning machines, in which the driving friction surfaces or
gearing are capable of being disengaged, and consists in mounting one of the
said wheels or friction surfaces, so that it may slide upon its shaft or bearing,
and in adapting a spring or weight for the purpose of bringing the two together.
This arrangement is shewn at Figs. 6 and 7, in which a is a shaft carrying a
The wheel 6 slides upon
friction surface or wheel b, which drives a pinion c.
the shaft a, but is caused to revolve therewith by means of a feather. To this
wheel is adapted a boss embraced by a forked lever d turning upon a centre
another arm of the said lever carrying a weight f, so that the wheel b is
always pressed in contact or in gear with the pinion c. At g is a projecting
part upon the lever d, against which the attendant can press a knee, so as to
remove the wheel 6 from connexion with the pinion c, the weight f taking it
back again when the attendant leaves it at liberty.
at
e,
At Fig. 8 is a modification of this part of my Invention; in this instance the
the
wheel b is forced forward by a spring h, and at d is the lever acting upon
boss of the wheel, and by which it may be withdrawn from the pinion c.
Another part of my Invention relates to those top rollers of preparing and
spinning machinery, which are constructed with loose bosses, and consists in
forming right and left handed threads or grooves in the axes thereof, for the
purpose of distributing lubricating material. This part of my Invention is
shewn at Fig. 9, in which a is the roller upon which the loose bosses are
mounted, one of them being shewn at 6; one end of these bosses, as usual,
abuts against a shoulder c, and the other against the ordinary strap not shewn
in the Drawing. At d are right and left handed spiral threads, which cause
the lubricating material to be distributed over the whole surface. To apply
this lubricating material, the loose bosses are as usual removed.
Another part of my Invention relates to the self-acting mule or similar
machine, and refers, firstly, to the mechanism for "backing off." This is shewn

page_text: at Figs. 10, 11, and 12 of the accompanying Drawings, which represent certain
parts of a mule in side elevation and plan views. The friction cones usually
employed in the backing off motion, are shewn at a, the moveable one being
driven through the medium spur wheel b, which is fast upon it. To the boss c
of the friction cone is adapted the forked end of a lever d, its lower extremity
being connected to a sliding rod e, which is supported by guides f. The
outward end of this rod is provided with a projecting pin at g, situate in front
of an arm h of a bell-crank lever h, h*, turning upon a fixed centre at i. The
extremity of the arm h* is furnished with a roller u, situate beneath a lever k,
which is carried by the shaft I used for supporting the roller m over which the
ordinary faller chain n passes. The arm h of the bell-crank lever h, h*, carries
a spring o, the other end of which is attached to a stationary part of the
framework. The lever d, which acts upon the friction cone has a projecting
arm p, which rests upon a stop q formed as an inclined plane; this stop is
carried by a lever r turning upon a fixed centre at s, and connected at its other
end to the usual guide for shifting the strap along the ordinary pullies t (see
Fig. 12, which is a view looking at the opposite side of the headstock to that
shewn at Fig. 10).
to turn upon
The operation is as follows:-When the carriage runs out the lever k
mounted thereon arrives in contact with the bowl u, so as to cause the lever h*
its centre, and stretch out the spring o. When this operation
has taken place the locking of the fallers commences, and the shaft / upon
which the lever k is mounted cannot turn, the faller leg w being in contact
with the usual bowl x. The depression above mentioned of the arm h* by the
lever k is the position shewn in the Drawing, and the other arm h has,
consequently moved away from the pin g projecting from the rod c, the spring o
being, as already stated, distended; the rod c is therefore at liberty to move in
the direction of the arrow, and a tendency to do so is imparted by the action
of the spring y acting upon the arm p of the lever d; but this spring is
prevented from so operating by reason of the end of the arm p resting upon
the higher part of the inclined stop q. In this position of the parts, therefore,
a preparation is made for the instantaneous contact of the friction clutches,
that is to say, there is a motive power put upon the lever d, which is only
withheld from action by the stop q, so that when the strap guide is shifted
after the ordinary manner, and the lever r is consequently turned so as to
oring the lower part of the inclined stop g beneath the arm p, as shewn in
Fig. 12, the spring y will be allowed to act, and the friction cones will
mmediately be brought into contact.
It now remains to be described how the friction surfaces are removed from

page_text: contact.
It has been seen that the spring o is distended by the depression of
the arm h*, through the agency of the lever k, and that this spring possesses
therefore a motive power, which may act when allowed upon the pin g, so as
to cause the rod c to pass in the direction of the dotted arrow; this is effected
5 as follows:-Upon the fallers being depressed in the usual manner, the faller
leg w will rise above the bowl x, and will be at liberty to be drawn forward
by the lever 1 through the medium of the connecting rod 2, and thus the
shaft 7 is caused to turn upon its centre. This is the ordinary arrangement,
but the turning of the shaft 7 moves the lever k from the roller u into the
10 position shewn by dots, and then the spring o is at liberty to exert its elastic
force upon the arm h, so as to cause it to act against the pin g, and move the
rod e in the direction of the dotted arrow. Also, I employ the motion which
governs the action of the friction surfaces to the purpose of regulating the
catch which holds the carriage during the backing off, and of releasing it when
5 necessary. This part of my Invention is shewn at Fig. 10 before referred to.
Attached to a bracket projecting from the carriage is a stud 4, which, according
to the position shewn in the Drawing, is held by a catch 5, mounted upon a
centre carried by the stationary framework. To this catch is connected a
link 6, the other end of which is jointed to one arm of the bell-crank lever
0 h*, h, before referred to. When the carriage is run out, the stud 4 passes
under the catch 5, and is thereby held as shewn, but when the bell-crank
lever turns upon its centre so as to raise the arm h* thereof, then the catch 5
will be lifted from the stud, and the carriage will be set at liberty.
Another improvement in the mule consists in the employment of the
5 backing-off motion for releasing a weight or spring situate behind the carriage
for placing and holding in gear the putting up catch box. This part of my
improvements is shewn at Figs. 13 and 14, the former of which is a partial
end elevation of the headstock of a mule, and the latter a side elevation of
some of the parts thereof. The putting-up catch box is at 7, the upper part
of which carries an arm 8, which is provided with a boss 9 projecting into a
socket 10, against which a coiled spring 11, confined within the said socket, is
caused to bear. The boss 9 is provided with a rod 12, which passes through
the spring 11, and is connected at its upper end to a lever 13, turning upon
a centre at 14. One end of this lever according to the position shewn in the
Drawing, is held beneath a projection on the lever d before referred to (see
Fig. 10,) and in such manner as to cause the spring 11 to be compressed
within the socket 10, but when the said lever d is caused by the means before
described to turn upon its centre, then the lever 13 will be liberated, and the
spring 11 will be allowed to exert its expansive force upon the boss 9, whereby

page_text: the upper
half of the clutch box 7 will be brought w g
portion thereof, and the putting up will be effected. At 38 is the cam
shaft, upon which is a cam 38*, this cam has a recess, which receives a bowl
on the lever 13, when the above described motion takes place, but when the
clutch box is to be put out of gear, then the revolution of the said cam depresses
the lever 13, and compresses the spring ready for again acting as above-
mentioned.
Another improvement in the mule relates to apparatus for putting in and
taking out of gear by hand the clutch box which gives motion to the scrolls.
This is shewn in conjunction with my previously described improvement at
Figs. 13 and 14. The lever 13 is carried beyond its connexion with the
rod 12, and occupies a position above a rod 15, upon which is formed an
inclined piece 16. The rod 15 extends from the back of the headstock to
the front of the mule, and is there provided with a handle 17. Upon the
attendant pulling this handle, the inclined part 16 will be caused to pass under
the lever 13 so as to cause it to turn upon its centre 14, whereby the one
part of the catch box 7 will be separated from the other portion thereof.
may
Another improvement in the mule, relates to a method of giving motion to
the cam shaft, and consists in the employment of spur or bevil wheels, which
be lifted or slidden out of gear. This part of my Invention is shewn at
Figs. 15 and 16, in which a is the cam shaft, upon which is mounted a
toothed wheel b, with two projecting rollers c, c, thereon, acted upon by the
incline d and spring e, so as to start the cam shaft as is well understood. Upon
the wheel 6 are two other projecting rollers, shewn by dots at f, g. At h is a
piece which is mounted upon framework, so as to be capable of sliding thereon,
which piece carries the toothed wheel i, by which motive power is com-
municated to the change shaft. Against this sliding piece is a spring k, which
forces it, and consequently the wheel i towards the wheel b. In the position
of the parts shewn in the Drawing, the toothed wheels b, i, are kept apart by
the roller f, which has thrust backward the sliding-piece h, but when a change
is required, then the wheel b being started by the incline d, will carry the
roller f beyond the sliding-piece h, and the spring k will be at liberty to
convey the wheel i into gear with the wheel b, and as the former of these is
driven from the motive power, the change shaft will be caused to revolve. The
required change having been effected, the roller g will in its turn thrust the
wheel i out of gear, and thus the parts will remain until the wheel b is again
started by the incline d. In the winding-on motion an improvement consists
in adopting a bearing on each side of the radial arm or quadrant. This part
of my Invention is shewn at Fig. 17, in which 18 is the quadrant, supported

page_text: on one side by the usual bearing 19, but in addition to this, I mount it in
another bearing 20.
Another improvement in the winding-on motion consists in causing the part
to which the chain is attached to clip both sides of the quadrant or radial arm.
This arrangement is shewn at Fig. 18, which represents a section of the
quadrant in plan view. The part to which the chain 21 is attached is shewn
at 22 formed as a clip embracing both sides of the quadrant 18.
Another improvement in the winding-on motion relates to the "nosing peg"
or bracket, and consists in so arranging it that it shall be capable of moving
bodily upon a centre for adjustment. This part of my Invention is shewn at
Fig. 17, before referred to, in which the nosing peg is shewn at 23, formed
upon a lever 24, which is capable of turning upon a fixed centre at 25. The
other end of this lever carries a bolt 26 situate within a slot formed in the
quadrant, and capable of being tightened when adjusted in any required
position by a nut.
Another improvement in the winding-on motion relates to a construction of
brake applied to a shaft, pulley, or wheel which gives motion by a chain or
This brake I
band to the screw or nut of the quadrant or radial arm.
construct by causing a band or strap to lap around the said shaft, pulley, or
wheel. This part of my Invention is shewn at Figs. 17 and 19, the latter
being on a larger scale. The pulley or wheel over which the ordinary band 27
of the winding-on motion passes is shewn at 28, around another pulley 29; on
the same axis is lapped a strap 30, one end thereof being fixed to the frame-
work of the carriage, the other end after passing over a guide pulley 31 is
attached to a lever 32 turning upon a centre at 33, fixed to the carriage.
The lever 32 is weighted at 34, and has, therefore, a tendency to turn down-
ward, but is supported by a chain 35 passing over a pulley 36 carried by the
said lever, and attached at its end to the fallers 37. When these fallers pass
downward they allow the weighted lever 32 to fall, and when this motion has
taken place beyond a certain distance the band 30 becomes tightened upor
the pulley 29, so as to give motion to the winding-on screw or nut through the
medium of the band 27, as is well understood.
Another improvement in the mule relates to those arrangements in which s
scroll or scrolls are used at both sides of the headstock, and consists in
adapting a bearing at both ends of the shaft. This is shewn at Fig. 18, in
which 80 are the scrolls mounted upon the shaft 81, which has bearings a
82, 83.
Another improvement in the mule relates to an arrangement for releasing
and stopping the cam shaft at the required changes. For this purpose I

page_text: employ a rod or rods forced in one direction by springs or weights,
rods have projecting parts, which are acted upon by the fallers or other part
connected to the carriage, and at the proper time are caused to advance
towards or retreat from revolving stops placed upon the cam shaft. This part
of my Invention is shewn at Fig. 10, but more particularly in the detached
views Figs. 21 and 22. The cam shaft is shewn at 38, upon which is
mounted a disc 39. On the face of this disc is mounted a projecting stop 40,
Upon the stationary
and on the circumference thereof another stop 41.
framework of the mule are mounted two rods 42, 43, so as to be capable of
sliding in guides. To the rods 42, 43, are fixed arms 44, 45, and to the rod 43
a similar arm 46. At 47 is a spring abutting at one end against the stationary
guide f, as shewn in Fig. 10, and at the other against a collar 48 upon the
rod 42. The operation is as follows:-When the carriage runs out a part in
connexion therewith (the faller shaft, for instance) arrives in contact with the
arm 45, and carries it from the position shewn by dots in Fig. 21, to the position
indicated by full lines. This will have caused the rod 43 to slide in its guide,
so as to have carried a projecting part or end of the said rod in a line with the
stop 41 upon the disc 39, and the cam shaft will have been set at liberty to
revolve when the rod 42 is moved from the stop 40. This is accomplished by
the further motion of the carriage acting against the arm 44, and is the
position shewn at Fig. 21, and thus a change will have been permitted. After
this the running in of the carriage will liberate the arm 44, so as to allow the
rod 42 to be carried against the disc 39 by the elastic force of the spring 47,
and thus a stop will be provided for the projecting part 40 to arrive against
when the change takes place; such motion of the change shaft having been
provided for by the withdrawal of the rod 43 from the stop 41. This removal
of the rod 43 from the stop 41 is effected by a further motion of the carriage
inward, which brings the faller shaft against the arm 46, so as to thrust
forward the rod 43 and bring the stop thereon into position for allowing the
part 41 to pass. The motion just described I also employ for disengaging the
clutch box of the front roller at any desired time during the running out of
the carriage. At 50, Figs. 21 and 22, is the said clutch box, to which is
adapted a forked lever 51 turning upon a centre at 52. The bottom end of
this lever carries a roller which bears against an inclined part projecting from
the rod 43. When, therefore, the said rod is caused to slide the lever 51 is
urned upon its centre 52, and the clutch box 50 becomes disengaged. It is
vident that by shifting the arm 45 this effect may take place at any required
art of stretch.
Another improvement in the mule consists in the application

page_text: capable of turning upon centres, so as to be raised when the carriage runs in,
and elevate the broken ends, if such there be, towards the spindles. This
arrangement is shewn at Fig. 23, in which the front rollers are shewn at 60,
the fallers at 61, and the carriage at 62. To the roller beam is affixed a
5 bracket, which carries a lever 63 weighted at 64, so that it is caused to turn
upon a centre 65, and cause a wire 66 thereon to occupy a position near to the
rollers 60, as shewn by dots. This wire extends the whole length of the range
of spindles, and is mounted upon as many levers 63 as may be found necessary.
The position of the said wire when left to the action of the weight 64, is shewn
by the dotted lines, and the threads, therefore, that become broken hang down-
wards before it. When the carriage runs in, a projection 66* arrives in contact
with the bottom of the lever 63, and causes it to turn upon its centre, so as to
оссиру the position shewn by the full lines, and the broken ends will, therefore,
be raised by the wire 66 up to the points of the spindles, upon which they will
become wound ready to be taken off by the attendant and pieced. It will
be obvious that the wire 66 must be cranked at those positions opposite to the
faller sickles. This part of my Invention will be found more particularly,
applicable to woollen mules.
Another part of my Invention relates to the throstle, and consists in
bringing the rollers closer together, and in placing the creel over and above
them. This arrangement is shewn at Fig. 24, in which a are the rollers brought
nearly together upon the stand b; the creel c is fixed. This creel, therefore,
stands above the rollers and projects transversely over them.
obou
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited
Letters Patent,-
Firstly, the employment of corrugated metal for the covers of scutchers or
openers, carding engines, surface motion drums, and clearers of top rollers.
Secondly, forming the doffer or stripper combs of carding engines, as
described, in reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
Thirdly, forming teeth on both edges of doffer combs or strippers.
Fourthly, the method of mounting the slides of drawing frames.
Fifthly, in reference to such spindles, flyers, or bobbins, as aforesaid,
5 claim the arrangement for placing the wheels or friction surfaces thereof in
and out of connexion.
Sixthly, as regards top rollers, with loose bosses, I claim the use of right
and left handed threads or grooves upon the axes thereof.
In reference to the mule or similar machine I claim,-

page_text: Firstly, the arrangement for shifting the backing off motion.
Secondly, the motion which governs the action of the friction surfaces for
the purpose of holding and releasing the carriage.
the
Thirdly, the employment of the backing off motion for releasing a spring
or weight situate behind the headstock or carriage for putting in gear
putting-up clutch box.
Fourthly, the application of a rod acting by an inclined plane, and extending
to the front of the mule for putting in and taking out of gear by hand the
scroll clutch box.
Fifthly, giving motion to the cam shaft by toothed wheels, which
lifted or slidden in and out of gear.
may be
Sixthly, and in the winding-on motion I claim a bearing on each side of the
quadrant or radial arm. Also causing the part to which the chain is attached
to clip both sides of the quadrant or radial arm. Also mounting the nosing
peg or bracket, so that it shall be capable of moving bodily with a lever
turning upon a fixed centre. Also the construction of brake, shewn and
described, in reference to Figs. 17 and 19.
Seventhly, as regards those arrangements in which a scroll or scrolls are
used on both sides of the headstock, I claim the use of a bearing at each end
of the shaft.
Eighthly, the use of the sliding rods 42, 43, disc 39, and their appendages
for releasing and stopping the cam shaft. Also the employment of the said
motion for disengaging the clutch box of the front roller.
Ninthly, I claim the use of a wire or other such apparatus caused to turn
upward, so as to conduct the broken threads towards the tops of the
spindles. In throstles I claim placing the creels above and transversely over
the rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Tatham, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN TATHAM. (L.S.)