NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY AND; APPARATUS FOR MAKING UP PACKETS OF. POWDERED MATERIALS AND OTHER COMMODITIES FOR SALE
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Pritchard, of Seaforth, near Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Accountant Clerk, for an Invention of "NEW OR
IMPROVED MACHINERY AND; APPARATUS FOR MAKING UP PACKETS OF.
POWDERED MATERIALS AND OTHER COMMODITIES FOR SALE,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Pritchard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1881.
GEORGE PRITCHARD, of Seaforth, near Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Accountant Clerk. "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR
MAKING UP PACKETS OF POWDERED MATERIALS AND OTHER COMMODITIES FOR
SALE."
My Invention consists of the construction and combinations of the parts herein-
after described of machinery to be used for filling at one operation a series of bag
like wrappers or cases with powdered materials and other commodities, and for
pressing or consolidating the material or commodity placed in the said wrappers or
cases; also for folding, closing, or creasing the open ends of the bag like wrappers
or cases after the filling and consolidating operations, and perfecting the figure of
the packets, and also for labelling the packets.
My Invention consists further of the apparatus hereinafter described to be
employed in connection with the said machinery for facilitating the operation and
use of the said machinery and for economizing labour.
The filling machinery constructed according to my Invention consists essentially
of a partitioned or divided box open at top and bottom, which box I will herein-
after call the "mould," and a box made in longitudinal halves, the upper half of
the box being provided with a series of conical filling hoppers equal in number to
the divisions or partitions in the mould.
In the partitioned or divided mould described the bag like wrappers or cases open
at one end are placed, and are held in the said mould during the filling, consolidating,
folding, or creasing and pressing operations.
When the bag like wrappers are placed in the mould their open ends project

page_text: from the divisions in the said mould. The mould carrying its bags is placed in the
lower half of the divided box before referred to, and the upper half carrying the
filling hoppers is arranged on the lower half box so that the said hoppers pass into
the open ends of the bags placed in the mould. By drawing the powdered
material into the hoppers those portions of the bags below the inner ends of the
hoppers are filled with the powdered material, as well as the hoppers themselves,
the spaces between the hoppers and the upper parts of the bags being unoccupied
by powder. On lifting the upper or hopper half of the divided box from the
mould the powder in the hoppers passes into the bags up to a short distance of the
open mouths or ends. When the material used is of a cloggy nature inverted
hoppers may be combined with the upper half of the divided box, that is to say,
the wide ends of the conical hoppers are situated undermost.
In order to compensate for the varying densities or specific gravities of the
material being used so as to ensure a uniform weight of material being fed to the
bags, plates made, by preference of metal, of varying thicknesses are placed as
required in the bottom of the mould.
The series of bags or cases having been filled as described, the mould containing
them is passed through an aperture in the side of a machine for consolidating or
compressing the powdered material in the bags or cases, and for folding down or
creasing the open ends of the bags or cases, and also for breaking the creases
or folds and for "squaring" or perfecting the figure of the closed packets. The mould
being pushed through the said aperture is passed into a race or channel and against
a stop, which stop determines the position of the mould for the first movements of
the machine. The mould being in the position described a frame carrying a series
of side creasers or fingers is pulled forward. By this movement the side creasers
or fingers are made to partly fill up the spaces between the sides of the open ends
of the packets in the mould.
By the descent of a series of consolidating pistons having the size and figure of
the bags in combination with a series of packet mouth openers or expanders
(consisting of jointed flaps) situated on opposite sides of the pistons, the mouths of
the bags are first opened or expanded by the said jointed flaps and the material in
the bags afterwards compressed or consolidated by the pistons. The pistons are
carried by a rising and falling bar and the mouth openers or flaps by a second
bar, the two bars being so arranged that the flap bar coming to rest the piston
bar continues its motion, carrying the pistons between, and separating the flaps,
and effecting the consolidating of the material in the bags or packets. The
tension flaps or mouth openers are counterbalanced, so that they take their closed
or partially collapsed position when the pistons are withdrawn from between
them.
The next movements of the machine effect the creasing or folding of the open
mouths of the packets. The back and front foldings or creasings are effected by
means of back and front creaser arms having rounded pegs or projections upon
them for pressing down the back and front parts of the open mouths of the
packets. The arms of the back and front creasers have curvilinear slots formed in
their sides, and are also furnished with slots in which fixed pins work. On pulling
down the back arms of the creasers they turn upon their joints pins, and in their
downward movement they come in contact with the short arms of the front
creasers. The back and front creasers now move together and take a horizontal
position, the curvilinear slots in the arms taking upon pins on a face plate so that
by a horizontal movement of the back creasers the front and back creasers are
caused to approach each other in opposite directions.
By the first described movement of the back and front creasers they press down
the back and front flaps of the open mouths of the packets into an inclined position,
and by the second described or horizontal movement of the said creasers the
complete folding of the said back and front flaps is effected, the said flaps meeting
in the middle of the packet.
The folding or creasing of the side flaps of the packets is effected in the

page_text: following manner :-In the frame of the side creasers herein before described a bar
carrying a horizontal pin slides. This pin when the side creasers are moved into
position takes into a hole in the mould carrying the packets, and thereby locks or
connects the sliding bar to the said mould, so that by moving the said bar to the
right or left hand a corresponding motion is given to the mould.
In order to produce the first side creases the mould is moved to the left hand,
carrying the packets in the mould against the inner left hand sides of creasers.
By the same movement of the mould a projection on it engages with a pawl catch
jointed to a frame carrying a sliding toothed or comb plate.
On moving the mould to the right hand, or reversing the direction of its motion,
the comb plate travels over the first side folded flaps already produced by the side
creasers and holds them down, while the second side flaps are produced by the
further motion of the mould in the same direction by the action of the stationary
side creasers as described with respect to the first folded side flaps. The sliding
comb presses back a lever, and just before the mould completes its stroke it acts
upon the heel of the said lever which returns the comb to its first position. The
movement of the mould to the right hand disengages the pawl catch from the
projection on the mould by the under edge of the said pawl catch travelling upon
a fixed pin attached to the frame of the side creasers. By the operations described
the four folds enclosing the ends of the packets of powdered material are thus
produced, the positions of the packets with respect to the side creasers after the
folding has been effected being such that the side creasing bars or creasers cross the
middles of the closed ends of the packets.
In order that the creases or folds should be perfectly "squared" or fattened
and the figure of the packets perfected, the consolidating pistons hereinbefore
described are again made to descend upon the ends of the packets in the mould.
The several parts of the machine are now returned to their normal positions
ready to repeat the operations described.
The mould charged with the closed packets is removed from the mould race and
passod through an opening in the delivery end of the machine, and the mould is
emptied of its contents by the following apparatus:-
The mould is turned upon its side and passed between end guides of the length
of the mould. A pocketted or divisioned tray is next placed behind the mould,
the divisions or pockets of the tray corresponding with the recesses or openings in
the mould, so that by moving forward the mould together with the tray at its
back against fixed rams or pistons, the packets are pushed out or ejected from the
mould into the pockets or divisions in the tray.
The trays containing the packets are placed between cross snugs or projections
fixed on an endless travelling band. These snugs or projections are arranged at
distances apart equal to the lengths of the trays. By the motion of the travelling
band the filled trays are brought in front of a rewrapping table and the packets
lifted therefrom, the empty trays being carried by the motion of the band through
an opening at the end of the travelling band.
The bottom of this opening forms a tray race for conveying back the empty
trays to the mould emptying table.
The packets when rewrapped are placed in inclined sluices or channels, by which
they are conveyed to the labelling machine, which I will now proceed to describe.
One portion of the labelling machine consists of a horizontal sliding platform
containing divisions in which piles of labels are placed and a series of pasting slabs,
which is brought at the proper times under vertically sliding taking off blocks or
plungers. While the taking off blocks are in their raised positions the travelling
platform is moved in a direction proper to carry it under a fixed brush containing
paste, whereby a film or layer of paste is deposited on the corrugated surfaces of
the pasting slabs. Paste wells on each side of the pasting slabs supply paste to
the fixed brush by the motion of the travelling platform.
By the movement described of the travelling platform, the pasting slaps are
brought immediately under the moveable taking off blocks or plungers, by the

page_text: .descent of which on to the pasting slabs the said blocks take up paste from the
said slabs.
'
The taking off blocks rising, the travelling platform is further moved in the same
direction so as to bring the divisions containing the piles of labels under the raised
taking off blocks. The taking off blocks having paste on the underfaces are now
made to descend upon the upper labels of the plies of labels, and the said taking
off blocks rising pick up and carry with them the said upper labels. Another part
of the machine consists of a folder which is next brought into operation. This
folder consists of a series of jointed leaves or hinged flaps capable of folding around
the packets, and a series of division plates for separating the several packets.
The folder works in guides, and is brought by a horizontal sliding motion over
the piles of labels before described in the travelling platform, the spaces between
the division plates of the folder coming immediately under the taking off blocks
having labels on their undersides.
In bringing the folder into this position its fore end strikes against a holding
down catch, and places it in such a position that when the taking off blocks descend
the said blocks are held in the lowered position. The descent of the taking off
blocks brings the labels on their undersides nearly upon the surface of the folder.
By means of a lever grip running nearly the whole length of the folder, the
unpasted ends of the several labels are gripped or held by it. The travelling
platform together with the folder are next moved from under the taking off blocks.
By this motion the labels are drawn from off the undersides of the taking off blocks
on to the folder, and the paste distributed uniformly over the surface of the said
labels. By the last described movement of the platform the labels are brought
under the guide spouts or shoots of a pocketted drum containing the packets of
powdered material to be labelled.
As the travelling platform is moved under the guide spouts or shoots a projection
on one end of the platform carrying the folder strikes against one of a series of
pawls on one end of the pocketted drum, causing the latter to be partly rotated
and the packets contained in one set of the divisions to be thrown down the guide
spouts and deposited upon the pasted surfaces of the labels lying on the folder.
The travelling platform has now a slight to and fro motion given to it for the
purpose of placing the several packets lying upon the labels in the same line. The
position of the folder is now changed by sliding it along guides forming a lateral
continuation of the travelling platform. The folder is next brought under swing
arms, at the lower extremities of which angular longitudinal stops are situated
which hold the packets in position, while the folding leaves or flaps of the folder
(after the ends of the labels have been released from the grip) envelope or embrace
the sides of the packets, and thereby press the labels around the said packets. The
folding flaps being opened leave the packets which have thus been labelled between
the division plates on the folder. In the packets thus labelled the principal part
of the label is undermost, and in order to reverse the packets a rectangular trough
formed box is placed over the packets on the division plates, gaps, or passages
made in one side of the said box passing over the said division plates. By
drawing the box from off the folder the packets are carried with it, and by
inverting the box the several packets are inverted so as to bring the principal
portions of the labels uppermost.
The labelled packets are finally removed to the packet box holder in which they
are packed for sale.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Pritchard in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th
September 1881.
GEORGE PRITCHARD, of Seaforth, near Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Accountant Clerk. "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR
MAKING UP PACKETS OF POWDERED MATERIALS AND OTHER COMMODITIES FOR
SALE."
My Invention consists of the construction and combinations of the parts herein-
after described of machinery to be used for filling at one operation a series of bag
like wrappers or cases with powdered materials and other commodities, and for
pressing or consolidating the material or commodity placed in the said wrappers
or cases; also for folding, closing, or creasing the open ends of the bag like wrappers
or cases after the filling and consolidating operations, and perfecting the figure of
the packets, and also for labelling the packets.
My Invention consists further of the apparatus herein after described to be
employed in connection with the said machinery for facilitating the operation and
use of the said machinery, and for economizing labour.
The filling machinery constructed according to my Invention consists essentially
of a partitioned or divided box open at top and bottom, which box I will herein-
after call the "mould," and a box made in longitudinal halves, the upper half of
the box being provided with a series of conical filling hoppers equal in number to
the divisions or partitions in the mould.
In the partitioned or divided mould described the bag like wrappers or cases
open at one end are placed and are held in the said mould during the filling,
consolidating, folding, or creasing and pressing operations.
When the bag like wrappers are placed in the mould their open ends project
from the divisions in the said mould. The "mould" carrying its bags is placed in
the lower half of the divided box before referred to, and the upper half carrying
the filling hoppers is arranged on the lower half box, so that the said hoppers
pass into the open ends of the bags placed in the mould. By drawing the powdered
material into the hoppers those portions of the bags below the inner ends of the
hoppers are filled with the powdered material as well as the hoppers themselves,
the spaces between the hoppers and the upper parts of the bags being unoccupied
by powder.
On lifting the upper or hopper half of the divided box from the mould the
powder in the hoppers passes into the bags up to a short distance of their open
mouths or ends.
When the material used is of a cloggy nature inverted hoppers may be combined
with the upper half of the divided box, that is to say, the wide ends of the conical
hoppers are situated undermost.
In order to compensate for the varying densities or specific gravities of the
material being used so as to ensure a uniform weight of material being fed to the
bags, plates made by preference of metal of varying thicknesses are placed as
required in the bottom of the hopper box beneath the mould.
The series of bags or cases having been filled as described, the mould containing
them is passed through an aperture in the side of a machine for consolidating or
compressing the powdered material in the bags or cases, and for folding down or
creasing the open ends of the bags or cases, and also for breaking the creases or
folds, and for "squaring" or perfecting the figure of the closed packets. The mould
being pushed through the said aperture is passed into a race or channel, and against
a stop, which stop determines the position of the mould for the first movements

page_text: B
"
of the machine. The mould being in the position described a frame carrying
a series of side creasers or fingers is pulled forward. By this movement the side
creasers or fingers are made to partly fill up the spaces between the sides of the
open ends of the packets in the mould.
By the descent of a series of consolidating pistons having the size and figure of
the baga, in combination with a series of packet mouth openers or expanders
(consisting of jointed flaps), situated on opposite sides of the pistons, the mouths
of the bags are first opened or expanded by the said jointed flaps, and the material
in the bags afterwards compressed or consolidated by the pistons. The pistons are
carried by a rising and falling bar, and the mouth openers or flaps by a second
bar, the two bars being so arranged that the flap bar coming to rest the piston bar
continues its motion, carrying the pistons between and separating the flaps, and
effecting the consolidating of the material in the bags or packets. The tension
.flaps or mouth openers are counterbalanced, so that they take their closed or
partially collapsed position when the pistons are withdrawn from between them.
The next movements of the machine effect the creasing or folding of the open
mouths of the packets. The back and front foldings or creasings are effected by
means of back and front creaser arms having rounded pegs or projections upon
them for pressing down the back and front parts of the open mouths of the
packets.
The arms. of the back and front creasers have curvilinear slots formed in their
sides, and are also furnished with slots in which fixed pins work.
On pulling
down the back arms of the creasers they turn upon their joint pins, and in their
downward movement they come in contact with the short arms of the front
creasers. The back and front creasers now move together and take a horizontal
position, the curvilinear slots in the arms taking upon pins on a face plate, so
that by a horizontal movement of the back creasers the front and back creasers
are caused to approach each other in opposite directions.
By the first described movement of the back and front creasers they press down
the back and front flaps of the open mouths of the packets into an inclined
position, and by the second described or horizontal movement of the said creasers
the complete folding of the said front and back flaps is effected, the said flaps
meeting in the middle of the packet.
The folding or creasing of the side flaps of the packets is effected in the following
manner: In the frame of the side creasers, hereinbefore described, a bar carrying
a horizontal pin slides. This pin when the side creasers are moved into position
takes into a hole in the "mould" carrying the packets, and thereby locks or
connects the sliding bar to the said mould, so that by moving the said bar to the
right or left hand a corresponding motion is given to the mould.
In order to produce the first side creases the mould is moved to the left hand,
carrying the packets in the mould against the inner left hand sides of the creasers.
By the same movement of the mould a projection on it engages with a pawl catch
jointed to a frame carrying a sliding toothed or comb plate.
On moving the mould to the right hand so as to reverse the direction of its
.motion the comb plate travels over the first side folded flaps, already produced by
the side creasers, and holds them down, while the second side flaps are produced by
the further motion of the mould in the same direction by means of the stationary
, side creasers, as described with respect to the first folded side flaps. The sliding
comb presses back a lever, and just before the mould completes its stroke it acts
upon the heel of the said lever, which returns the comb to its first position.
The movement of the mould to the right hand disengages the pawl catch from
the projection on the mould by the under edge of the said pawl catch travelling
: upon a fixed pin attached to the frame of the side creasers.
By the operations described the four folds enclosing the ends of the packets of
powdered material are thus produced, the positions of the packets with respect to
the side creasers after the folding has been effected being such that the side creasing
bars or creasers cross the middles of the closed ends of the packets.

page_text: In order that the creases or folds should be perfectly "squared" or flattened and
the figure of the packets perfected, the consolidating pistons hereinbefore described
are again made to descend upon the ends of the packets in the mould.
The several parts of the machine are now returned to their normal positions
ready to repeat the operations, as herein after fully described.
The mould charged with the closed packets is removed from the mould race and
passed through an opening in the delivery end of the machine, and the mould is
emptied of its contents by the following apparatus:
1
The mould is turned upon its side and passed between end guides of the length
of the mould. A pocketted or divisioned tray is next placed behind the mould, the
divisions or pockets of the tray corresponding with the recesses or openings in the
mould, so that by moving forward the mould, together with the tray at its back,
against fixed rams or pistons, the packets are pushed out or ejected from the mould
into the pockets or divisions in the tray.
The trays containing the packets are placed between cross snugs or projections
fixed on an endless travelling band. These snugs or projections are arranged at
distances apart equal to the lengths of the trays. By the motion of the travelling
band the filled trays are brought in front of a rewrapping table, and the packets
lifted therefrom, the empty trays being carried by the motion of the band through
an opening at the end of the travelling band. The bottom of this opening forms
part of a tray race for conveying back the empty trays to the mould emptying
table.
The packets when rewrapped are placed in inclined sluices or channels, by
which they are conveyed to the labelling machine, which I will now proceed to
describe.
One portion of the labelling machine consists of a horizontal sliding platform
containing divisions in which piles of labels are placed, and a series of pasting
slabs, which is brought at the proper times under vertically sliding taking off
blocks or plungers. While the taking off blocks are in their raised positions the
travelling platform is moved in a direction proper to carry it under a brush charged
with paste, whereby a film or layer of paste is deposited on the corrugated surfaces
of the pasting slabs. Paste wells on each side of the pasting slabs supply paste to
the brush by the motion of the travelling platform.
By the movement described of the travelling platform the pasting slabs are
brought immediately under the movable taking off blocks or plungers, by the
descent of which onto the pasting slabs the said blocks take up paste from the said
slabs. The taking off blocks rising the travelling platform is further moved in the
same direction so as to bring the divisions containing the piles of labels under
the raised taking off blocks. The taking off blocks having paste on their under
faces are now made to descend upon the upper labels of the piles of labels, and tho
Baid taking off blocks rising pick up and carry with them the said upper labele.
Another part of the machine consists of a folder, which is next brought into
operation. This folder consists of a series of jointed leaves or hinged flaps capable
of folding around the packets, and a series of division plates for separating the
5 several packets. The folder works in guides, and is brought by a horizontal
sliding motion over the piles of labels before described in the travelling platform,
the spaces between the division plates of the folder coming immediately under the
taking off blocks, having labels on their undersides.
•
In bringing the folder into this position its fore end strikes against a holding
down catch, and places it in such a position that when the taking off blocks
descend the said blocks are held in their lowered position. The descent of the
taking off blocks brings the labels on their undersides upon the surface of
the folder. By means of a lever grip running nearly the whole length of the
folder the unpasted ends of the several labels are gripped or held by it. The
5 travelling platform together with the folder are next moved from under the taking
off blocks. By this motion the labels are drawn from off the undersides of the
taking off blocks onto the folder, and the paste distributed uniformly over the

page_text: surface of the said labels. By the last described movement of the platform
the labels are brought under the guide spouts or shoots of a pocketted drum
containing the packets of powdered material to be labelled. As the travelling
platform is moved under the guide spouts or shoots, a projection on one end of the
platform carrying the folder strikes against one of a series of pawls on one end of
the pocketted drum, causing the latter to be partly rotated, and the packets
contained in one set of the divisions to be thrown down the guide spouts and
deposited upon the pasted surfaces of the labels lying on the folder. The travelling.
platform has now a slight to and fro motion given to it for the purpose of placing
the several packets lying upon the labels in the same line. The position of the 1
folder is now changed by sliding it along guides forming a lateral continuation of
the travelling platform. The folder is next brought under swing arms, at the lower
extremities of which an angular longitudinal stop or half tray is situated which
holds the packets in position while the folding leaves or flaps of the folder (after
the ends of the labels have been released from the grip) envelope or embrace the 1
ends of the packets, and thereby press the labels around the said packets. The
folding flaps being opened leave the packets which have been thus labelled between
the division plates on the folder. In the packets thus labelled the principal part
of the label is undermost, and in order to remove them from the folder and reverse
the packets, a rectangular trough formed box is placed over the packets on the
division plates, gaps, or passages made in one side of the said box passing over
the said division plates. By drawing the box from off the folder the packets are
carried with it, and by inverting the box the several packets are inverted so as to
bring the principal portions of the labels uppermost.
The labelled packets are finally removed to the packet box holder, in which i
they are packed for sale.
I will now describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the manner
in which my Invention is to be performed.
I will first describe the filling machinery or apparatus.
Figure 1 represents in plan, and Figure 2, partly in elevation and partly in
longitudinal vertical section and in cross section, the partitioned or divided
"mould" of the filling machinery, the said mould consisting of a divided box a
having a series of chambers a², a³, in it, open at top and bottom, for receiving
the bag-like wrappers or cases c, c, one of which is represented detached in
Figure 3.
Figure 4 represents partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal section and
in cross section the partitioned or divided mould a with the series of bag-like
wrappers or cases c, c, placed in the chambers of the said mould.
Figure 5 represents partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinal section
and in cross section the divided box and its hoppers and specific gravity plate;
Figure 6 represents in longitudinal section and cross section, and Figure 7 in plan,
the partitioned mould a, a³, carrying the bag like wrappers placed in the divided
and hoppered box ready for filling the bag like wrappers.
The said divided box is made in longitudinal halves, the halves being marked
respectively d and d. The upper half d of the box is provided with a series of
conical filling boppers e, e, equal in number to the chambers a³, a³, in the divided
mould a; fis the specific gravity plate at the bottom of the lower half d³ of the
divided box d, d. This plate fis made by preference of metal, and can at pleasure
be replaced by others of different thicknesses. By the use of plates f of different
thicknesses the varying densities of the material with which the bags are to be
filled may be compensated for and a uniform weight of the material fed to the bags
ensured.
Figure 8 represents partly in longitudinal section and partly in side elevation
and in cross section the divided box d, d³, provided with inverted filling hoppers
marked e³, e, to be used when the material with which the bag like wrappers are
to be filled is of a cloggy nature. It will be seen by referring to the Drawing that
the wide ends of the conical hoppers_e², e³, are situated undermost.

page_text: Figure 9 represents in plan, and Figures 10 and 11 in cross section the filling
table, which I use with the divided or divisioned mould a, as, and the divided
box d, d, and its hoppers e, e, the said mould containing the series of bag like
wrappers c, c, which have been filled with the powdered material in the manner
hereinafter explained. The section Figure 10 is taken on the line x, x, Figure 9,
and the section Figure 11 is taken on the line y, y, Figure 9. The said Figures 9, 10,
and 11 are drawn to a smaller scale than Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.
The table g is inclined at its back h where the material with which the bags are
to be filled is stationed. The said table g is furnished with a well or depression
at i of a size proper to receive the divided box d, d, and its mould. Jointed to
one side of the said table is a stay or holding leaf g³. The said stay or leaf g³ has
the angular figure represented, and is capable of being turned down into the
horizontal position represented, or of being raised into the vertical position
indicated in dotted lines in Figure 11. When shut down it is made to embrace or
enclose two sides of the divided box d, d³, and thus secure the said box and its
contents in the well at . The said stay or leaf g³ also forms an extension of the
table g at the front and end of the divided box d, d². The divided box d, d³, is
supported in the well i by T pieces carried by the cross bars k, k, (see Figure 11)
and when so supported the open tops of the hoppers e, e, of the divided box are
on the same level as the horizontal part 9 of the filling table and its stay or leaf g³
as seen in Figure 10.
I will now describe the manner in which the filling is effected. The empty bag
like wrappers c, c, having been placed in the divided or partitioned mould a, a², so
that their open ends project from the divisions or chambers a² therein as represented
in Figure 4, the said filled mould is placed in the lower half d of the divided
box d, d³, Figure 5, the "said mould resting upon the specific gravity plate f as
represented in Figure 6. The upper or hopper half d of the divided box d, d' is
next arranged on the lower half box d' as represented in the said Figure 6, the
several hoppers e, e, passing more or less into the open ends of the bags or
wrappers c, o, placed in the mould according to the thickness of the specific gravity
plate fused. The divided box d, d², containing the mould a, a³, with its empty
bag like wrappers or cases c, c, Figure 6 and 7, is next transferred to the filling
table represented in Figures 9, 10, and 11, and placed in the well in the said
table and fixed in its place by turning down the hinged stay or holding leaf g³ as
shown in the said Figures 9, 10, and 11. The bags are now ready to be filled';
this is effected by the attendant drawing the powdered material by means of the
draw bar or scraper bar / from the store at m onto the horizontal part g of tho
table, and from thence into the hoppers e, e, until the bags c, c, and the said
hoppers are filled with the powdered material. It will be seen by an examination
of the sections, Figures 10 and 11, that the powdered material does not fill the
spaces between the hoppers and the upper parts of the bags, so that when the upper
or hopper half d of the divided box d, d, is lifted from the mould a, the powder
in the said hoppers passes into the bags up to a short distance of their open mouths
or ends. The powder in the hoppers is thus used to complete the filling of the bags
to the required height. In this way the bags are filled with a measured quantity
of the powder, the varying densities of the material which is to be measured
being compensated for by changing as required the specific gravity plate f as before
described, and thus increasing or diminishing the spaces between the hoppers and
the upper parts of the bags which are not filled with the material.
I will now proceed to describe the machinery for consolidating or compressing
the powdered material in the bags or cases, and for folding down or creasing the
open ends of the bags or cases, and also for breaking or "squaring" the creases or
folds, and at the same time perfecting the figure of the closed packets.
Figuro 12 represents a front elevation of the said machinery, partly in longi-
tudinal vertical section, the compressing pistons and the bag mouth openers or
.expanders being represented in their highest or non-acting positions.
Figures 13, 14, 15, and 16 represent transverse vertical sections of the said

page_text: machinery, the working parts being in different positions; Figure 17 represents a
longitudinal vertical section of the machinery, with the compressing pistons and
bag mouth openers in the lowest or acting positions; Figures 18 and 19 represent,
drawn to a larger scale, a portion of the machine, exhibiting the construction and
action of the compressing pistons and bag mouth openers or expanders, together
with the side creasers or fingers and comb plate; Figure 20 represents a plan of the
machine, partly in horizontal section, the said Figure 20 exhibiting the positions
with respect to one another of the back and front creasers and side creasers;
Figure 21 represents a plan of the machine with a portion in horizontal section, the
back and front creasers being removed; Figure 22 is a cross section of a portion of
the machine, exhibiting the construction of the sliding frame carrying the side
creasers and the comb plate and the mechanism for locking the mould to the
sliding or locking bar, through which the said mould is moved for effecting the side
creasing operations; Figure 23 represents one of the jointed arms carrying the back
creasers, and Figure 24 represents one of the jointed arms carrying the front
creasers; Figures 25, 26, 27, and 28 represent longitudinal vertical sections of
portions of the machine, drawn to a smaller scale, the said Figures 25, 26, 27, and 28
exhibiting the successive operations of the side creasers and the comb plate used
with the said side creasers, as well as the mechanism for operating the comb slide
and returning it to its original position; Figure 29 represents a portion of Figure 25
drawn to a larger scale; Figure 30 represents a portion of Figure 26 drawn to a
larger scale; Figures 31 and 32 exhibit the holding down action of the comb plate
upon the first folded side creasings or flaps, while the second side creasings or flaps
are being folded; Figure 33 represents a portion of Figure 27 drawn to a larger
scale, and Figure 34 represents a portion of Figure 28 drawn to a larger scale;
Figure 35 represents the action of the compressing 'pistons when they are used for
effecting the flattening or "squaring" the creases or folds, and for perfecting the
figure of the closed packets; Figure 36 represents a portion of the comb and comb
bar or slide, and the hooked lever catch carried by the same; Figure 37 represents
a front elevation of a portion of the plate carrying the side creasers, in conjunction
with the slide, by which the mould is moved in its race for effecting the side creasing
of the ends of the packets; Figure 38 represents a packet, the front and back folds
of which have been half creased; Figures 384 and 38B represent one of the packets
after the front and back folds have been completely creased; and Figure 38°
represents the packet after its folds have been completely folded or creased and the
packet closed.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 13 to 37
both inclusive.
After the bags or cases have been filled as before described, the mould containing
them is lifted from the divided box d, d² (Figures 9, 10, and 11), and is passed
through an opening at 6 in the side of the machine into a race or channel forming a
continuation of the said opening at b and against a sliding stop d, which partly crosses
the said race or channel. The stop & determines the position of the mould a in the
machine for the first movements of the said machine. The said stop d is moved by
the attendant by means of the handle d'. The mould a having been brought
against the stop d, as shown in Figure 15, a horizontal sliding frame e carrying a
series of side creasers or fingers f, f, and a comb plate g and appliances connected
therewith is pulled forward by its handles e², e², into the position represented in
Figure 14. By this movement the side creasers or fingers ff, are made partly to fill
up the spaces between the sides of the open ends of the packets c, c, in the mould and
support, the said sides (see the plan, Figure 21). The same movement of the
horizontal sliding frame e causes a bolt or pin h carried by the said frame to enter a
hole in the back of the mould a, and thereby connect the said mould with a
locking bar h³ working in the upright es of the sliding frame e. The locking bar h
is capable of a limited to and fro motion in the upright es by the bolt or pin h
working in a slot e in the said upright es, as best seen in Figure 37. The locking
bar h³ is moved by the hand lever h³ turning on the centre h* on the frame e, the

page_text: .
rod on the locking bar taking into a slot in the said hand lever h³. By moving
the hand lever As in one or other direction a corresponding motion is given to the
mould a containing the filled packets c, c. The action of connecting the mould a
with the locking bar h³ as described pushes back the stop & out of the path of the
race or channel in which the mould a is situated, the said stop occupying a recess
in the sliding frame of the machine. The frame e carrying the sido creasers or
fingers f, fork g, and the appliances connected therewith works on the V guides k, k,
on the lower bed plate of the machine, the upper bed plate supporting the mould a
containing the filled packets. The machine is now ready to effect the first operation,
namely, the consolidation of the powder in the several packets or cases. This is
effected by means of the series of compressing pistons m, m, in conjunction with
the series of jointed flaps or packet mouth openers or expanders n, n, (see the
enlarged views, Figures 18 and 19). The pistons m, m, are carried by the piston
bar m² passing from end to end of the machine, the ends of the bar being connected
to the slides m³, m³, working in guides or dovetails in the standards m³, m², of the
machine. The said bar m³ and the pistons m, m, carried by it are depressed by the
action of the connected or bar handles or levers m³, m³, and links m³, mo, and are
raised when at liberty to move by the counterbalance weight m³ on the shaft m³,
on the ends of which the handles or levers m³, m³, are fixed. The bag mouth
openers or expanders n, n, consist of jointed flaps situated on opposite sides of the
pistons m, m, and are so weighted that they take when at liberty to move the
normal position represented in Figure 18. The several bag mouth openers n, n,
are carried by the bar n³, which has at its ends connected slides n³, n³, working
upon the slides m³, m³, carrying the piston bar m². At the right hand end of the
machine represonted in Figure 17 the slide n³ of the mouth opener barn² is shown
in section, and at the left hand end of the said Figure 17 the slide m³ of the piston
bar ma is shown in section. The section of the slide n³ is taken on the line n*, and
the section of the slide m³ is taken on the line n³, Figure 14. Each of the mouth
opener slides n³ has in its inner face a slot n which works upon a fixed stud or
stop pin n on the upright m* of the machine. The object of this construction is to
bring the mouth openers to rest after they have descended the proper distance,
while permitting of the further descent of the pistons to effect the consolidating
operation.
As the piston bar m³ is carried down by pressing upon the handle m³, the mouth
opener bar n² is carried with it until the mouth openers n, n, enter the mouths of
the bags c, c, when they come to rest by the tops of the slots nº in the slides n³
striking against the stop pins n². The continued motion of the piston bar m²
carries the pistons m between the flaps or mouth openers n, n, thereby separating
them and causing them to open or expand the mouths of the bags ready to receive
'the pistons m, m, which pistons entering the said mouths effect the consolidating
of the material in the said bags, as will be understood by an examination of
Figures 18 and 19, and the full sectional views, Figures 14 and 17.
On loosing
the bar handle m³ the pistons m and mouth openers n take their highest position,
as represented in Figures 12, 13, 15, and 16, by the action of the weighted
shaft m8. As the piston bar m³ rises it strikes against the cross pieces n³ of the
mouth opener slides and takes the latter slides with it.
Having thus effected the consolidating of the powder in the packets, the open
ends of the packets are next folded down or creased by the following construction
and combination of parts:-
I will first describe the construction and action of the mechanism for effecting
the back and front creasings, that is, those flaps at the shorter ends of the packets.
The back creaser consists of jointed arms p, p, at each end of the machine, the
said arms turning on joint pins p² on the fixed uprights 2³, p³, of the machine (see
Figures 12 and 20). The jointed arms p, p, are connected together by the
rods p, p, which also serve as handles. On a cross bar p* connected to the
arms p, p, is a series of rounded pegs or projections pe constituting the acting parts
of the back creaser. A separate view of one of the arms and some of the pegs or

page_text: projections of the back creaser is represented in Figure 23. In the arms p, p, of
the back creaser are curvilinear slots p' for the purpose herein after explained, and
also straight slots på for the joint pins p³ to work in.
The front creaser consists of jointed arms q, q, turning on the joint pins q³, q³, on
the fixed uprights p³, p³ of the machine. The cross bar 2 on the front creaser
arms q, q, carries a series of rounded pegs 9' which constitute the acting parts of the
front creaser. A portion of the front creaser is shown in Figure 24.
The jointed
arms 9, 9, of the front creaser have curvilinear slots q, q, in them and also straight
slots 9° 9° In the slots 9º, 2º, the joint pins q, q. work. At each end of the
machine is a face plater having two crank pins upon it. The face
plates r,, work in recesses in the uprights p³, ps, and turn upon the centres 20³, 20³,
on the said uprights. The face plates r, r, and the back and front creasers are so
weighted that when at liberty to move they take the normal positions represented
in Figures 13 and 14.
The
In order to fold or crease the front and back flaps of the mouths of the bags
the arms p, p, of the back creaser are pulled down by the attendant by means of
the upper cross rod of the said arms p, p. On pulling down the said back creaser
arms they turn upon their joint pins p², p², and in their downward movement they
come in contact with the short ends of the arms q, q, of the front creaser.
back and front creasers now move together and take the horizontal position
represented in Figure 15, the curvilinear slots p' and q" in the said arms p and q
taking upon the crank pins 78, 72, on the face plates r, r, as represented in the
said Figure 15. By the attendant now pulling the back creaser arms p, p, towards
him a horizontal movement is given to the back creaser, and the front and back
creasers, which are geared to the face plates r, r, are caused to approach each other
in opposite directions, and are made to occupy the positions represented in
Figure 16. By the first movement of the back and front creaser arms into the
positions represented in Figure 15, the rounded pegs or projections p and q of the
creasers press down the front and back flaps 8, 8, of the open mouths of the packets
into the inclined position represented in Figure 38 so as to half crease the said
front and back flaps; and by the second or horizontal movement of the creasers
into the position represented in Figure 16 the complete folding of the said front
and back flaps is effected, the said flaps meeting in the middle of the packet, as
illustrated in Figure 38. The attendant next looses the bar handle of the back
creasers p, p, when the said back creasers, the front creasers, and the face plates
automatically return to their normal positions, Figure 13.
The folding or creasing of the side flaps t, t, Figures 38 and 38B of the packets
upon the folded front and back flaps 8, 8, is next effected by the action of the
stationary side creasers or fingers ff, and the holding down comb plate g, g³,
in conjunction with the movement of the mould carrying the partially closed
packets.
It has been described that the forward movement of the sliding frame e has
carried the side creasers and comb plate g, g, between the packets c, c, in the
mould a, and has also effected the locking of the mould a with the sliding bar ha
and lever or handle h³. The comb plate g, g³, which is used for holding down one
of the side flaps during the folding of the other side flap is capable of a limited
sliding motion, the bar g² of the comb plate working in guides on the bar carrying
the fixed side creasers f, f, (see Figure 32). One end of the comb plate bar g³
carries a lever catch u, and the cross piece g³ at the opposite end of the said comb
plate bar is made to act upon the lever u³ jointed to the frame e carrying the side
fingers or creasers. The lever catch u works in a recess in the side of the mould a,
and the said mould is furnished with a projection u³, which at the proper time is
made to engage with the lever catch u for connecting the comb plate with the
mould. When the teeth g of the comb plate are in their normal positions they
occupy spaces or recesses under the side creasers f, f, and are coincident therewith;
but when they are put into action they slide from under the said fixed side creasers
ff, as herein after particularly explained.

page_text: The action of the side creasers and comb plate will be best understood by
referring to the sectional views, Figures 25, 26, 27, and 28, and the part sectional
views, drawn to a larger scale, Figures 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34.
The parts being in the respective positions represented in Figures 25 and 29, the
hand lever h³ is moved to the left hand, carrying the mould a with it, as indicated
by the arrow in Figure 25. By this movement the packets c, c, in the mould are
carried against the stationary creasers f, f, and the left hand sides of the side flaps
are folded or creased as 'illustrated in Figures 26 and 30.
By the movement described of the mould a the arm or projection u³ on the said
mould is made to engage with the lever catch u on the bar g of the comb plate g,
as illustrated in Figure 26. The comb plate g is thus connected with the mould a.
By now moving the mould a to the right hand or reversing its motion by acting
on the handle h³, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 26, the mould carries with it
the comb plate g, the teeth of the said comb plate moving from under the side
creasers ff, and travelling over and holding down the side folded flaps already
produced, as illustrated in Figures 31 and 32. By the continued movement of the
handle h³ to the right hand the second sido flaps of the packets held in the mould
are carried against the stationary creasers f, f, and the said second side flaps are
folded upon the first described folded side flaps, as illustrated in Figures 27 and 28,
and the enlarged views Figures 33 and 34. In Figures 27 and 33 the second side
flaps are represented in the act of being folded, and in Figures 28 and 34 are
represented completely folded. As the folding of the second side flaps proceeds the
comb plate g is removed from the first folded side flaps in the following manner :-
The motion of the mould a to the right hand to bring the comb plate g into action
causes the catch u to travel upon a fixed pin won the frame carrying the side
creasers, and on the further motion of the mould in the same direction for effecting
the creasing of the second side flaps the pin w lifts the lever catch u from the
projection us, and the mould is thereby disengaged from the sliding comb plate.
The sliding comb plate g in its outward motion to the position, Figures 31 and 32,
causes the cross piece g³ on the comb plate bar to press back the lever u³, so that
its heel bears against the end of the mould a, as seen in Figure 27. By the
continued motion of the mould to the right hand to effect the creasing of the
second side flaps the said mould operates upon the lever u², and the latter returns
the comb plate g to its first position, as illustrated in Figure 28.
By the operations described, the four folds 8, 8, and t, t, enclosing the ends of the
packets in the mould are thus produced as illustrated in Figure 38°, the position of
the closed packets with respect to the side creasers or fingers f. f, being such
that the said side creasers cross the middles of the closed ends of the packets, as
illustrated in Figures 28 and 34.
For the purpose of "squaring" or flattening the edges of the folded flaps 8, 8, t, t,
of the packets, and for perfecting the figure of the packets, the compressing
pistons m, m, are again made to descend upon the ends of the packets in the mould
as illustrated in Figure 35. The packet mouth openers descend with the pistons,
but they are inoperative as they do not reach the now closed packets.
The pistons m, m, are allowed to rise, and the frame e carrying the side fingers
or creasers ff, and other parts is pushed back into its normal position, so as to
remove the fingers or creasers f. f, from over the packets and unlock the frame
from the mould. The mould containing the packets can now be taken from the
machine. As the frame e is pushed back, the rod h³ strikes against the incline a
(see Figure 21) on the bed plate of the machine. The locking pin h is thereby
returned to its original position, so that on again drawing forward the frame e, the
said pin h will engage in the hole in the fresh mould, which has been advanced to
the stop & in the mould race as before described.
The mould charged with the closed packets having been removed from the
mould race through the opening y in the delivery end of the compressing and
creasing machine, is passed onto the table 2 of the mould emptying apparatus

page_text: represented in plan in Figure 39 and 40, and in transverse sections in Figures 41
and 42.
On the said table 2 are rebates or guides 3, 3, on which the filled mould a and
the pocketted or divisioned tray 4 slide. On the support 5 at the back of the
table 2 is a series of fixed rams or pistons 6, equallying in number the chambers in
the divided mould a. The filled mould a having been turned on its side is placed
between the guides 3, 3, with the pocketted tray 4 behind it, as illustrated in
Figures 39 and 41, and the said mould and tray are together advanced towards the
back of the apparatus, and the packets c, c, in the mould made to strike against the
fixed rams or pistons 6. By the action of the said pistons 6, the packets are
pushed out or ejected from the mould into the pockets or divisions in the tray 4, as
illustrated in Figures 40 and 42.
The partitioned or pockettéd trays 4 containing the packets c are passed through
a shoot at y², and conveyed onto the platform d', and from thence onto the
endless band d of the tray. returning apparatus represented in longitudinal
section in Figure 43, and plan in Figure 44. The said band d works over pulleys
and between the tray guides d³, d². The band d is furnished with cross snugs or
projections e arranged at distances apart equal to the length of the trays 4 as
represented, and motion is given to the travelling band by the attendant pushing
the trays upon it. Below the endless band d is an empty tray race f, the trays
falling from the upper side of the travelling band d into the race through the
opening d. By the motion of the travelling band & the filled trays 4 are brought
in front of a rewrapping table, and the packets lifted therefrom to be rewrapped,
the empty trays being carried by the travelling band to the incline d³, up which
they are conveyed to the tray filling apparatus represented in Figures 39, 40, 41,
and 42.
The manner in which the empty trays 4, after falling into the race f through the
opening d³, enter the said race and are caught by the projecting parts of the
snugs e on the travelling band, and are dragged forward by the said band and finally
pushed by the advancing hind trays up the incline to the emptying table 2
before described, will be understood by an examination of Figure 43.
The packets having been rewrapped are conveyed to the drum of the labelling
machine, which I will now describe.
Figures 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, and 50 represent longitudinal vertical sections of the
labelling machine, the parts being in different positions; Figure 51 represents a
plan of the machine with the folder in its withdrawn or back position, the sliding
taking off blocks or plungers being omitted; Figure 52 represents the machine
partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section, the sectional parts being
taken through the pasting slabs; and Figure 53 represents the machine partly in
side elevation and partly in vertical section, the sectional parts being taken through
the piles of labels, the folder being shown in its advanced position under the piles
of labels; Figures 54, 55, 56, and 57 represent, drawn to a larger scale, end
elevations, partly in section, of the lateral continuation of the travelling platform
carrying the folder, the said Figures 54, 55, 56, and 57 exhibiting the action of
the folder; Figure 58 represents in perspective, partly in section, drawn to a
larger scale, the serrated lever grip used for holding down the unpasted ends of the
labels.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 45 to 58, both
inclusive.
e is the horizontal sliding platform supported on wheels and working on the
base of the machine, and is the lateral extension of the said platform carrying
the folder (see Figure 51). The said horizontal sliding platform e carries the
following parts, namely, the series of parallel piles of labels g, g, g, the series of
parallel pasting slabs h, h, h, having corrugated surfaces, and the pasting wells i, i,
on each side of the said pasting slabs h; 2, 12, are the brushes by which paste is
supplied from the wells i, i, to the pasting slabs h as the travelling platform
is moved in either direction. The lateral extension of the travelling platform e

page_text: carries the folder & consisting of a series of jointed leaves or flaps. The said
folder k is furnished with a series of cross division plates or bars k³, k², for
separating the several packets. The said folder is jointed at by one of its flaps
to the bed plate which works in the lateral extension e² of the travelling
platform e, and is also capable of being advanced on the guides 1, 1, (sce
Figure 51) over the piles of labels g, g, g, on the principal travelling platform e
(see Figures 48, 49, and 50,) where the said folder and its sliding bed plate are
represented in their advanced position. The sliding bed plate of the folder k
carries the lever grip for gripping the unpasted ends of the series of labels. The
said lever grip is carried by the roller extending the whole length of the folder k,
the ends of the said roller turning in bearings in the folder bed (see Figure 51,
and the enlarged views, Figures 54, 55, 56, 57, and 58.) The said lever grip 13 is
raised and lowered by the handle 768, and is held in its depressed acting position by
the catch. Along one side of the folder k is an india rubber seat 15, between
which and the corrugated or undulating edge of the lever grip the labels are held
or gripped.
t, t, are the vertically sliding taking off blocks or plungers. The said blocks t, t,
are arranged or strung upon the trough shaped support t³, the said trough shaped
support having a little play within the blocks. The support t² is connected by the
links t³, ts, to the connected levers t, t, the latter being jointed at to to the fixed
frame of the machine. The links t³, &, turn on the stay rod to passing through the
hollow or trough support t². By raising or lowering the levers t, to, the trough
support rises or falls, and carries with it the series of plungers or taking off
blocks t, t. The said blocks t, t, work in guides in the uprights of the machine.
The taking off blocks t, t, are held in their lowered positions by the lever catch t
(see Figures 52 and 53). This catch is operated by the sliding bed 1 of the
folder . The said bed when advanced over the piles of labels g, g, on the
principal platform e puts the lever catch t into the position represented in
Figure 53, and on the descent of the taking off blocks t, t, the projecting part u on
the said blocks pushes back the jointed catch t, which catch after the part u has
passed it, passes over the said part and holds down the taking off blocks, while the
pasted labels are drawn from under the said blocks, as herein after explained.
When the folder k on the folder bed is withdrawn to the position represented in
Figure 51, the lever catch t7 returns to the position represented in Figure 52, and
the taking off blocks t, t, may be raised; m is the pocketted and divided rotary
drum into which the packets to be labelled are conveyed by the inclined guide
spouts or shoots m³, the said packets being removed from the said drum by the
delivery spouts m³, and deposited onto the pasted surfaces of the labels lying on
the folder k. The drum m is rotated through the required angle so as to deliver
the series of packets from its compartments at the proper time, by the action of
the projection or shoulder e³ on the travelling platform e upon one of the pawls m
on the said pocketted drum m (see Figures 48 and 50). The packets are prevented
from being thrown out of the pockets during the partial rotation of the drum by
the fixed guide arm m, and the roller m carried by a jointed arm at the mouths
of the delivery shoots m³ regulates the fall of the packets onto the pasted labels on
the folder. A brake m² (see Figures 48 and 50) pressed upon the drum m by a
weighted cord steadies its motion, and retains it in the position to which it has
been brought by the action of the platform e.
The action of the machine is as follows:-
I will first describe the way in which the labels are pasted and conveyed to the
folder.
The travelling platform e being in the position represented in Figure 45, it is
moved to the left hand into the position represented in Figure 46. By this
movement the pasting slabs h, h, are brought under the taking off blocks t, t,
the said slabs having had deposited on their corrugated surfaces a film or layer
of paste received from the brushes i³, as the said slabs passed under them. By
the descent of the taking off blocks t upon the pasting slabs h, as illustrated in

page_text: Figure 46, the taking off blocks receive paste from the said slabs. The taking off
blocks / being allowed to rise, the travelling platform e is moved into the position
represented in Figure 47, so as to bring the series of piles of labels g under
the raised taking off blocks t. The taking off blocks t having paste on their
underfaces are now made to descend upon the upper labels of the piles of labels g,
and the said taking off blocks rising pick up and carry with them the said upper
labels, as represented in Figure 47, those ends of the labels projecting from the
taking off blocks being unpasted, as seen in Figure 47, where the unpasted
ends are marked 9. The parts being in the position Figure 47, the bed
carrying the folder k is pushed from the lateral extension e* of the travelling 1
platform e over the piles of labels 9, 9, in the principal part of the travelling
platform, as illustrated in Figure 48, the said motion of the folder bed 2 bringing
into its changed position the lever catch t' for holding down-the taking off blocks
when they next descend. The taking off blocks carrying the pasted labels are now
made to descend upon the folder k, as illustrated in Figure 48, and are held there
by the lever catch t, but the said catch permits the taking off blocks to rise
slightly to partly liberate the labels, and to clear the said blocks from the face of
the folder. The lever grip is now turned down by its handle le so as to grip the
unpasted ends g² of the labels between its edge and the elastic seat 1, the said grip
being held in its gripping position by the catch 78 (see Figure 54). The travelling
platform e, together with the folder k, are now moved into the position represented
in Figures 49 and 50. By this movement the labels are drawn from off the
undersides of the taking off blocks h onto the folder k, and the paste distributed
uniformly over the surface of the said labels, and the posting slabs are again
brought under the taking off blocks as represented. By the last described move-
ment of the travelling platform e, the labels are brought under the delivery spouts
or shoots m³ of the pocketted drum m containing the packets c, c, of powdered
material. As the travelling platform e is moved under the said spouts m³,
projection on the said platform strikes against one of the pawls m³ on the
drum m, and gives rotation to the said drum through such an angle as will cause
the packets c, c, contained in one set of the divisions or pockets to be thrown down
the guide or delivery spouts m³, and deposited on the pasted surfaces of the labels
lying on the folder k, the packets passing between the division bars le on the said
folder. By now giving the travelling platform a slight to and fro motion, the
several packets lying upon the labels on the folder are placed in the same line by
being brought against the square shoulder below the delivery shoots or spouts m³
of the pocketted drum.
the
It must be understood that the same motion of the travelling platform which
causes the packets to be fed from the drum m, and deposited on the folder k also
brings the pasting slabs h under the taking off blocks t, as seen in Figure 50, so
that the taking off blocks may receive a coating of paste ready on the return
stroke of the travelling platform into the position, Figure 47, to pick up another
set of labels from the piles g, and so on.
The packets c having been deposited in the manner described on the folder k
(see Figure 50), and separated from each other by the division bars k³, the bed
carrying the folder k is drawn from over the sets of labels g, and returned to the
lateral extension e² of the travelling platform, as seen in Figure 51.
The further action of the machine by which the labels are folded upon and
pasted to the packets will be best understood by referring to Figures 54, 55, 56,
and 57. The folder k with the labels and packets upon it having been brought
into the position, Figure 51, the lever grip 1 is removed from the unpasted ends of
the labels, as illustrated in Figure 55; and the angular longitudinal stop or half
tray v, carried by the swing arms and axis is lowered and brought over and
pressed upon the packets c, so as to hold them in position during the first stage of
the labelling operation, as represented in Figure 55. By now folding the leaves or
flaps of the folder k upon the packets c commencing at the seat end 15 of the folder,
the said leaves or flaps are made to envelope or embrace the said packets c, and

page_text: thereby press the pasted labels around the packets, as represented in Figure 56.
A packet labelled in the manner described is represented in Figures 58 and 58B.
As soon as the unpasted ends of the labels have been folded upon the packets, the
stop or half tray is loosed, when it returns to its normal position by the action of
the counterbalance weight w. The flaps of the folder being opened, leaves the
packets which have been thus labelled between the division bars on the folder k.
The labelled packets have the principal part of the labels on their undersides, and
in order readily to reverse the packets and remove them from the folder, I use a
rectangular trough formed box, of the kind represented in side elevation in
Figure 59, and horizontal section in Figure 60, and marked a. In one side of the
said box are gaps or slots which can pass over the division bars k² on the
folder. By placing the trough box a over the labelled packets on the folder, as
illustrated in Figure 57, and in the separate view, Figure 61, and drawing the box
from off the folder, the packets c, c, are carried onto the table y, and from thence
onto the step ys, where the said box is inverted, the packets being supported by
the said step, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 57. The several packets are
thus inverted so as to bring the principal parts of the labels uppermost. One of
the trough boxes after it has been inverted, is shown at y³, Figure 57.
The labelled packets are packed for sale in the ordinary way.
Although for convenience of description I have only described my Invention as
applied to the making up of powdered materials for sale, yet I wish it to be
understood that my said Invention is equally applicable to the making up for sale
of other commodities, such as sugar, tea, seeds, and the like, but I do not however
limit the use of my Invention to any particular material.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention
with respect to the filling machinery or apparatus represented in Figures 1 to 11,
both inclusive of the accompanying Drawings,-
First. The divided or partitioned box or "mould" a, a³ for receiving the bag like
wrappers or cases, and the combination with it of the longitudinally divided
hoppered box d, d, e, or d, d², e³ for the purpose described and illustrated, the
whole being used by preference with a filling table and appliances of tho
construction herein before described and illustrated in Figures 9, 10, and 11.
Secondly. Varying the cubic capacity of the box in which the filling takes place
by means of removeable plates of different thicknesses herein called "specific
gravity plates," for the purpose and substantially as described and illustrated.
I claim with respect to the machinery represented in Figures 12 to 37, both
inclusive of the accompanying Drawings, for consolidating or compressing the
powdered material or other commodity in the bag like wrappers or cases; for
creasing or closing the open ends of the said wrappers or cases; for breaking or
"squaring" the creases or folds, and for perfecting the figure of the closed packets,-
Thirdly. The construction and combination of the parts of the compressing pistons
and jointed flaps or bag mouth openers or expanders, and the mechanism described
and illustrated for working the said pistons and flaps, the said parts being arranged
and operating substantially as described and illustrated.
Fourthly. The construction of the sliding frame, and the stationary side croasers
or fingers and sliding holding down comb plate carried by the said frame, the
several parts being arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes
described and illustrated.
Fifthly. The construction of the jointed front and back creasers, and their
combination with the double pinned face plates, for the purposes and substantially
as described and illustrated.
Sixthly. The combination of the stationary side creasers or fingers and the
holding down comb plate, with a sliding "mould" or box containing the packets to
be operated upon; for effecting the creasing or folding of the side flaps of the
packets; also the mechanism described and represented for operating the comb plate
at the proper time by the motion of the said "mould" or box."

page_text: Seventhly. The general arrangement or combination of the parts hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 12 to 37, both inclusive of the accompanying
Drawings, into a machine for consolidating the material in the bag like cases or
wrappers; for effecting the creasing or folding of the open ends of the said cases or
wrappers, and for breaking or "squaring" the creases or folds and perfecting the a
figure of the closed packets.
I claim with respect to the apparatus represented in Figures 39, 40, 41; 42, 43,
and 44,-
Eighthly. The construction and combination of the parts of the mould emptying
apparatus, hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 39, 40, 41, and 42 of
the accompanying Drawings.
Nintbly. The construction and combination of the parts of the empty tray
returning apparatus, herein before described and illustrated in Figures 43 and 44
of the accompanying Drawings.
I claim with. respect to the labelling machinery and apparatus connected
therewith, represented in. Figures 45 to 61 both inclusive of the accompanying
Drawings,
Tenthly. The construction of the travelling platform carrying the series of piles
of labels, pasting slabs, paste wells, and folder, and the lever grip of the said folder,
and the combination with the said travelling platform and parts connected with it,
of the vertically sliding taking off blocks or plungers, the several parts being
constructed and operating substantially as described and illustrated.
Eleventhly. The construction of the folder and its sliding bed, and the gripping
and holding down appliances described and illustrated.
Twelfthly. The construction of the pocketted and divisioned drum and feeding
and delivery spouts or shoots of the same, and the working of the said. drum by
the motion of the travelling platform as herein before described and illustrated.
Thirteenthly. The general arrangement or combination of the parts enumerated
in claims 10, 11, and 12, into a machine for labelling packets of powdered materials
and other commodities.
Lastly. The apparatus described and illustrated for withdrawing the labelled
packets from the folder, and for inverting the said packets.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Pritchard, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
THOMAS LEIGHTON,
Chemical Works,
Bank Hall Street,
Liverpool.
GEORGE PRITCHARD. (L.S.)