IMPROVEMENTS IN MANU- FACTURING THE STRETCHER JOINTS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS."
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Holland, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANU-
FACTURING THE STRETCHER JOINTS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Holland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
April 1862.
I, HENRY HOLLAND, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MANUFACTURING THE STRETCHER JOINTS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS,"
to be as follows:-
In order to make a stretcher joint according to my Invention on tubular
steel ribs, I proceed as follows:-I take a piece of steel which has been cut
from a sheet of about No. 22 gauge. The said piece is cut of a figure which
admits of one part of it about three-quarters of an inch long and about one-.
sixteenth of an inch wide, being inserted in the tubular rib, and the other
part thereof about one-quarter of an inch long and about one-eighth of an
inch deep to project from the said rib. I insert the said piece of steel in
its place in the rib where the joint is to be made and fix it in its place by
compressing the rib upon it. The ribs with joint pieces thus fixed in them

page_text: are next hardened and tempered in the usual manner and the joint piece
is covered with brass in the following manner :-I take a piece of thick brass
wire a little longer than the joint piece and by means of a rotating or circular
saw, I slit or cut the said piece of wire for about three quarters of its length
in a plane in the axis of the wire; I place this piece of wire upon the joint
piece, the said joint piece occupying the slit in the wire, and I compress
the said slit wire. upon the said joint piece. The joint is finished by filing
off the corners and drilling a hole for the rivetting wire as however the steel
joint piece would be difficult to drill after hardening I obviate that difficulty
by piercing the said joint piece before the rib is hardened.
In making a stretcher joint according to my Invention for solid steel ribs
I proceed as follows:-I take a piece of flat wire drawn about 12 by 15
gauge, and I reduce it to a cylindrical form throughout its whole length ex-
cepting where the stretcher joint is intended to be, which part is left unchanged.
I effect this by passing the wire through grooved rolls, one of which has a
lateral groove cut in it of sufficient size to permit that part of the wire where
the joint is to be made to pass untouched. This part of the wire is then
flattened out by press tools so as to form a flange or joint piece on the rib
similar to that attached to tubular ribs by the process first described. The
rib is then hardened and 'tempered, and finished with brass wire to complete
the stretcher joint in the manner herein-before described with respect to a
tubular rib.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Holland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HOLLAND, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing 'date the Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in 'the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, 'for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give 'and grant unto me, the said
Henry Holland, Her special licence that 'I, 'the said Henry Holland, my
executors, administrators; and assigns, or such other's as I; 'the said Henry
Holland, my executors, 'administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, 'from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MANUFACTURING THE STRETCHER JOINTS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Holland, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature. of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Holland, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing the stretcher joints of umbrellas
and parasols in the manner herein-after described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing. In order to make a stretcher joint according to
my Invention on tubular steel ribs for umbrellas and parasols, I proceed as
follows cut, by means of a press and cutting tools from sheet steel of
about No. 22 gauge, a blank of the form represented in Figure 1 of the
Drawing. The said blank, Figure 1, is made wider the middle a than at
the ends b, b. I take the said blank Figure 1 and insert it in its place
in the tubular rib where the joint is to be made, and I fix the said blank in
its place by compressing the tubular rib upon it. Figures 2 and 3 represent
elevations; and Figure 4 a section of a tubular rib with the joint piece
Figure fixed therein by compressing the said rib upon the ends b, b, of
the said piece, the part a projecting from the rib as represented. The flange
or joint piece a is next pierced as represented in Figure 5. The rib is. then
finished in the usual manner for hardening and I afterwards harden and
temper the said rib and joint piece a. The joint piece a is then covered
with brass in the following manner:-I take a piece of thick brass wire
having a longitudinal groove in one side as represented in side, edge, and
end views in Figures 6 and 7 of the Drawing, and by means of a rotating
or circular saw, I slit or cut in the end of the said piece of wire a short
longitudinal slot as represented in Figure 7A. 1 cut transversely from the
said grooved and slit wire at the part indicated by the dotted line in Figure
7A, a length rather more than equal to that of the joint piece to be covered.
The piece of wire. thus cut from the bar or piece Figure 7A is represented

page_text: in Figure 8, which Figure 8 represents opposite edges of the said piece of
wire. I place the brass bit, Figure 8, upon the pierced flange or joint piece
a, Figure 5, the said joint piece occupying the whole of the slot in the said
bit, Figure 8, except near the end where the brass is pressed together, as
I compress the said brass bit upon the joint piece a and thereby fix it thereon,
ás represented in Figures 9 and 10, in which Figures 9 and 10 the brass bit
covering the joint piece a is marked c. A hole is next drilled in the brass
bit c, coincident with the hole in the piece a as represented in Figures 11 and
12, through which holes the rivetting wire of the joint is passed as is well
understood. The joint is finished by trimming it with a file round the edges
of the brass covering of the joint as illustrated in Figure 11.
In making a stretcher joint according to my Invention on solid steel ribs
for umbrellas and parasols, I proceed as follows:-I take a piece of flat
steel wire drawn about 11 by 15 guage and I reduce the said wire in every
part excepting where the stretcher joint is intended to be made, which, part
is left unchanged, that is, it remains of the original width. The reduced
parts may be made square or cylindrical as required. I effect this reduction
of the wire by passing it through grooved rolls one of which has a lateral
groove cut in it of a sufficient size to permit that part of the wire where
the joint is to be made to pass untouched. Figure 13 represents a portion
of a solid flat rib which has been operated upon by the rolls in the manner
described, the unreduced part of the rib being marked d and the reduced
parts e. The unreduced part d of the rib is next flattened out at its middle
by press tools, so as to form a flange or joint piece on the solid rib nearly
similar to that attached to the tubular rib Figures 2, 3, and 4. By the
action of the said press tools a depression is also made in the flange where
it is subsequently to be pierced. The flange or joint piece in this stage
of its manufacture is represented in side and edge views in Figures 14 and
15, and is marked f. The flange or joint piece f is next pierced as repre-
sented in Figures 16, 17, and 18. The rib is then finished at its ends and
hardened and tempered in the usual manner. After these processes I take
a brass bit similar in form to Figure 8 and fix it by compression on the flange
or joint piece f, and afterwards drill a hole in the said brass bit for the rivetting
wire as herein-before explained with reference to the joint on a tubular rib.
The joint of the solid rib is then finished in the way described with reference
to the joint on the tubular rib.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as the

page_text: same may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention, but
I claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the improvement in manufacturing the stretcher joints of tubular
steel ribs for umbrellas and parasols, by constructing with each tubular
rib a steel flange which is hardened and tempered with the rib and afterwards
covered with brass.
Secondly, the improvement in manufacturing the stretcher joints of solid
steel ribs for umbrellas and parasols by compressing and flattening out from
each steel wire length intended for a rib a flange, which steel wire rib
length with such flange I harden and temper, and afterwards cover the
flange with brass.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Holland, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
HENRY HOLLAND. (L.8.)