Improvements on Saddles and Drawing Rollers in Spinning Frames for Flax and other Fibres.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 17th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 18th Jan., 1887.
Improvements on Saddles and Drawing Rollers in Spinning Frames
for Flax and other Fibres.
I WILLIAM SCOTT, of No. 163 Agnes Street, Belfast, County of Antrim, Ireland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This improvement consists in the use in Spinning frames, for Flax, Hemp, or Jute,
of an arrangement of Saddles, and Rollers, which by a combination of "
separate radial
levers" for the top and bottom drawing rollers, secures amongst other advantages,
great facility for correct adjustment of position of wood rollers, both as to line of centres
and endwise as to pitch, and gives complete freedom of action to both Saddles and
rollers combined with perfect steadiness of motion. __
This arrangement is by means of suitable variations of form, and methods of appli-
cation, intended to be used with an arbor having only one boss on each axle, each boss
drawing independent of every other, and also with the ordinary or double-bossed
arbor in common use.
The saddles are radial levers, actuating the top and bottom drawing rollers
separately, the one controlling the bottom or wood roller, having a bearing or bearings
on one end, the other end moving freely round a fixed bar, which is so placed that the
arc of circle described by centres of rollers, practically coincides with the central line
pressure of rollers.
of
The lever controlling the top pressing roller, moves round the same bar, the length
of reach and central position of roller, being provided for in the ordinary manner by
means of a movable slide.
These levers being entirely separate from and independent of each other in their
action on the rollers, the effect is that the alteration by change of reach or otherwise of
the top roller, has no influence on the position or action of the bottom wood roller, or
on the amount of weight pressing on it, by this means securing a more uniform
drawing action of the roller.
Where single boss arbors are used, each lever is also completely separate and distinct
from every other, and the weight is so applied by suitable contrivances, that varying
diameters of rollers can be worked together, the pressure being applied by a single
spring wire. lever and weight.

page_text: The bar which controls the position of levers is fixed by preference in suitable
brackets cast on the double stands, but may be fixed on separate brackets screwed to
the beam in any convenient manner.
These brackets being made adjustable the central line of pressure of rollers can
always be accurately maintained, when boss rollers are fluted down in diameter, or
when change of bevil of rollers is made, without any alteration of top slides.
The bar having the sole control of the position of the pressing rollers, it must be
parallel to the boss roller, both on the horizontal and vertical line.
With the double boss arbor if thought desirable, the ordinary stand without the U
or guide can be used, or guards of suitable form can be fastened on the fixed bar, to
keep the arbors in correct position endwise, but by preference, central collars being
used for that purpose, there are no stands or guides required, the greatest possible
amount of room is given for working purposes, and as each pair of rollers can by
means of loose collars and set screws be easily adjusted along the bar, the boss of brass
roller can always be kept covered by the wood boss and the formation of ridges on
edge of boss be prevented in a simple manner.
The weight being applied in the most direct manner on the top of the journal, there
is practically no weight pressing on the bar therefore all possibility of injurious friction
is avoided, and no superfluous weight is required to overcome it.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements on Saddles and Drawing Rollers in Spinning Frames
for Flax and other Fibres.
"
I WILLIAM SCOTT, of 163 Agnes Street, Belfast, in the County of Antrim,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS ON
SADDLES, AND DRAWING ROLLERS, IN SPINNING FRAMES, FOR FLAX, AND OTHER FIBRES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :---
This improvement consists in the use, in wet spinning frames for flax, hemp, tow or
jute, of an arrangement of saddles, which by means of a novel combination, consisting
in its various parts, of seperate radial levers, (controlling the top and bottom pressing
rollers independently) a peculiar cross bar or bridge, for conveying weight through
them to the rollers, and movable brackets and bosses for the purpose of adjusting the
pressing rollers in any position desired, secures a more perfect application of weight
on each roller, great facility for the adjustment of drawing rollers in correct position,
both as to line of centres and endwise as to pitch, and combines great freedom of
action with perfect steadiness of motion.
The top and the bottom pressing rollers having no connection with one another, and
being both kept perfectly steady on centres, ensures perfectly regular drawing and
prevents any tendency to slaving or roughening of rove or to abrasion of flutes of
wood roller, and so produces better and smoother yarns.
The weight is applied to both levers through a peculiar arrangement of cross-bar or
bridge, by a single spring wire, lever, and weight, the ordinary form of these being used.
A bar made in lengths to hold three or more saddles, is carried along the whole
length of frame, a little above, and in front of the top pressing roller, each length being
fixed in suitable brackets, which are made so as to be easily adjusted to suit any
required position of bar.
On this bar the first lever controlling the bottom or wood roller is placed and moves
freely along and around it, this lever is made forked or slotted at the upper end to
receive the second lever controlling the top pressing roller, which may either move
round and along the same bar, or on a separate centre and bracket as seems desirable,
if moving on the same bar, it is preferably slotted at the upper end to receive a boss
with set screw, which when tightened on the bar secures both levers at any point along
the bar.
The levers may also be kept in position on the bar by the use of two bosses of the
same kind placed and secured at each side of levers.
When the second lever is fixed on a separate bracket and centre, the bracket
contains a set screw and is used in the same way as the moveable bosses, to secure
levers at any point along the bar. The length of reach and central position of top
roller is provided for in both cases by means of the ordinary moveable slide.
The cross bar or bridge presses as nearly as possible directly on top of journals of
arbors, so as to prevent any undue pressure or friction on the bar. The ordinary nut
and humbug is used to convey the pressure to the bridge.

page_text: The methods employed are clearly shown in the drawings herewith in which the same
letters or figures always apply to the same or similar parts.
Fig. 1 shows a side view of the arrangement of the complete saddle, the back rollers
"A¹" and "A³," the pressing rollers "B" and "B," the levers "C" and "D," the
bar "E" the bridge "F," the spring wire "H" with the nut "K" and humbug "L,"
in the correct relative position to each other which they occupy when in spinning position
in the frame.
The bar "E" is fixed in such a position that the arc of circle described by centre
of wood roller "B" moving in bearings of lever "D" practically coincides with the
central line of pressure of rollers as shown.in.drawing. The bridge "F" presses at its
extreme ends, on the levers "C" and "D," the length of bridge at pressing points is
preferably made equal to the medium reach at which rollers are set to work.
The proportion of weight on each roller is determined by the position of the point of
bearing of the humbug "L" on the bridge "F." This proportion of weight remains
constant on the bottom or wood roller "B" at all lengths of reach, but on the top roller
"B" the weight increases with a long reach and decreases with a short one, being the
opposite to the action of the ordinary saddle.
"
Fig. 2, is a front and side view of the lever "C" showing the moveable slide "M"
held in place by the screw "N" and elongated washer "O." The head of screw "N
rises through the top end of the bridge "" and keeps it in place sideways, while the
washer "O" is made so long that the bridge "F" presses on it at all lengths of reach.
Fig. 3, sheet 2, is a front view of pressing rollers and radial levers without the
bridge, showing the top lever "C" fitted into the lever "D" and also showing the
moveable boss "P" in the slot of lever "C," being one of the methods of fixing levers
along the bar, and so ensuring that the face of boss roller is always kept covered by the
wood boss.
Fig. 4, shows a front and side view of the lever "C" arranged on the separate bracket
"R" and moving on the centre pin "S," the bracket "R" in this case acting in the
same manner as boss "P" in fixing levers on the bar "E."
of
Fig. 5, sheet 3, shows the moveable bracket "T" controlling the bar "E" which
lies in it in an open slot, and is kept in place by a cap "U." A screw passes through
cap and bar into the bracket "T." The bracket "T" is screwed to another bracket "V"
the top end only of which is shown, this bracket "V" may form part of the double
stand or it may be made of any convenient shape and fixed on the "beam"
spinning frame in the usual way. The bracket "T" by means of the slot and set screw
can be adjusted to any desired place and secured firmly against the face of bracket "V."
Fig. 6, shows two views of the bridge "F," and Fig. 7 shows the moveable boss "P"
with set screw.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
First The use of a cross bar or bridge, to apply pressure by a single spring wire,
to two separate radial levers controlling the top and bottom pressing rollers in spinning
frames independently.
Second-the use of a moveable bracket to adjust the central position of the radial
lever controlling the bottom pressing roller at will, in the manner and for the purpose
set forth.
Third-The use of moveable bosses to adjust the position of said levers controlling
pressing rollers endwise, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.