Improvements in Gas Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 24th May, 1898-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1898
Improvements in Gas Motors.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18,
Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad by Carl Heinle and
Hugo Wegelin, both of 9A, Schules Strasse, Augsburg, Germany, Merchants, to
be as follows;
-
This invention relates to certain improvements in motors which are represented
in the annexed drawing in Figs. 1 to 6. Fig. 3 shows the stuffing-box S patented
on 18th Feb. 1897 under No. 4422 with a tandem motor in cross-section
The intermediary piece a with the stuffing-box S serves for connecting the two
cylinders b and c as well as the cylinder-cover of the cylinder and the stuffing-
box S serves for guiding and tightening the piston-rod d, on which the two
pistons e and fare connected: y is the crank-shaft and h is the connecting rod.
The controlling devices in the above described tandem-motor, as can be seen
from Figs. 1 to 6, consist of the known magnetic spark inductor i, the spur-wheels k
and 1, the mitred wheels m and n, the reversing shaft o with the eccentrics and p
for guiding the valves 7 and q and the crank-pin and 1 for operating the
igniting contacts s and s¹, the levers and t¹, the automatic suction valves u
and u, the shaft vand vt for exposing the igniting contacts and w¹, the valve
casings and, the driving rod y with the nose z and the electric wire a¹.
This tandem-motor operates in the following manner.
20
During the first turn, that is, in the forward movement of the pistons c and f,
the explosion is effected in one cylinder and the gas mixture drawn into the
other cylinder; during the second turn, that is, when the piston goes back, the
burnt gas mixture is driven out of one cylinder and the in-drawn gas mixture
compressed in the other cylinder. At each crank revolution an explosion takes
place. On the side of the motor, there is placed the shaft o which is driven by the
mitred wheels m and n from the crank shaft and runs at half the velocity of
the motor. On the guide shaft o are seated four eccentrics p and p¹, r and .
By means of the two eccentrics p and 2', the two valves and t¹, and by means
of the two eccentrics and r¹ the two lighting contacts are operated periodically
by angular levers 61 and 62, and this alternately in such a manner that the contact
is guided away from the contact wat one time and the next the contact s' is
guided away from the contact w₁, whereby the electric sparks spring over, and
ignite the gas-mixture. The electric sparks are produced by a known magnetic
spark inductor i and are conducted by the metal of the motor itself and the conduct
wire a¹ to the igniting contacts and s as well as ' and '.
On the spur-wheel are two noses cl and c², by which the spark inductor is put
once into operation at each revolution of the crank whereby electric sparks
are produced and thus the gas-mixture ignited
Dated this 24th dox of August 1897

page_text: Improvements in Gas Motors.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18,
Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention a communication to me from abroad by Carl Heinle and Hugo
Wegelin, both of Schüle Strasse 9A, Augsburg, in the Empire of Germany,
Merchants, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to certain improvements in gas motors and relates more
particularly to the construction by which the gaseous mixture in the motor
cylinders is ignited.
Reference being made to the drawings filed with the Provisional Specification
and to the additional sheet of drawings left herewith, Fig. 1 is a side elevation
of a tandem cylinder motor provided with the ignition apparatus above referred to,
Fig. 2 is a cross section thereof through one of the valve chambers, Fig. 3 is a
longitudinal section of the motor and valve chambers, Fig. 4 is a side elevation
of the whole from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is an end view,
Fig. 6 is a plan view Fig. 7 is an end view of one of the valve chambers and parts
adjacent thereto showing the igniting contact in one position, Fig. 8 is a similar
view showing the same parts in another position, Figs. 9 and 10 are side
views of the same parts in the positions corresponding to Figs. 7 and 8 respectively,
Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the parts in a different position.
Fig. 3 shows a tandem cylinder motor in which the two cylinders b and c are
separated by a diaphragm a containing a bushing S for the passage of the piston
rodas patented on the 18th day of February 1897 under No. 4422. The
diaphragm a serves as a head for the cylinder b and the bushing S serves for
guiding and tightening the piston rod d on which the two pistons e and fare
fastened. g is the crank shaft and is the connecting rod.
Each cylinder b and c communicates with a separate valve chamber and ¹
respectively and each valve chamber contains an automatic-admission valve u or u¹,
a non-automatic exhaust valve t or t' and an ignition contact s or s¹. The exhaust
valves are opened alternately at the proper times by two cams P, p on the shaft o
which turns at half the speed of the motor crank shaft g and is driven by the spur
gear and mitre gear m n.
Since this tandem cylinder motor is intended to operate according to the "Otto"
cycle but with the two cylinders acting alternately, during any given revolution
explosion and consequent expansion occur in the one cylinder while suction of
explosive gases takes place in the other cylinder and the exhaust takes place from
the first cylinder while there is compression in the second cylinder. During the
next following revolution explosion expansion and exhaust take place in the second
cylinder while suction and compression occur in the first cylinder. It is obvious
therefore that during one revolution of the crank shaft g the one exhaust valve t
must be operated but the other exhaust valve t¹ should not, and that during the
next revolution the valve t¹ should be operated but t should not. As the shaft o
turns once to each two revolutions of shaft g and the cams p p are set at 180°
degrees to one another it is obvious that, the valves and will be operated as
desired.
As the ignition has also to take place alternately in the two cylinders, each
igniting device has also to be operated once for two revolutions of the shaft
that is to say for one revolution of shaft o.
According to this invention ignition is effected by a spark crossing a spark gap

page_text: X
produced at the moment, that a current is produced by the movement of a mag-
netic inductor. ww are fixed contacts insulated from the walls of the respective
valve chambers in which they are placed. Each contact w w¹ carries a binding
post to which may be attached an insulated wire connected to one terminal of
the coil of the magnetic inductor. The other terminal of the coil is in electric
connection through the metallic parts of the motor with the two movable contacts s
and s. It will thus be seen that the circuit can be completed either at w s
or w s¹, but in order that the ignition may be effected in the desired chamber a
or it is necessary to previously break the contact in the other chamber. This
is done by means of the one or other of the cams r l on the shaft o operating at
the proper time through the lever b¹ or 62 on the projecting tail of the contact s
or s¹ and so moving the corresponding contact s or si from the fixed contact w or w¹
respectively and holding it removed until a current shall have been produced and
caused an ignition as hereinafter described at the other contact.
The construction of the inductor is well known, it comprises a fixed magnet
or magnets and an oscillatory bobbin. The shaft of the bobbin has a projecting
finger adapted to be struck and deflected twice in each revolution of the wheel,
that is to say once for each revolution of shaft g, by two dogs cl 2 on the wheel /,
thus oscillating the bobbin which is afterwards returned slowly by the pneumatic-
ally buffered spring in the cylinder i similar to a door closer." At the other
end of the shaft of the bobbin is another arm to which is attached a rod At each
oscillation of the bobbin this rod pushes the tail of that contact s or s which has
not been previously turned out of contact position by the shaft o and intermediate
mechanism, that is to say when a current passes, produced by the oscillation of
the bobbin, the contacts or s¹ as the case may be, is at the same moment moved
so as to recede from the fixed contact w or w¹ and a spark crosses the gap and
produces ignition. As the contacts ss1 are moved alternately out of the reach of
action of the rod y the ignition will take place alternately in the two valve
chambers x x¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
:-
1) The combination of a known magnetic spark inductor with a tandem motor
as shown in the drawing in Figs. 1, 4 and 5.
2) The alternate disengagement of the igniting contacts s and s¹ by means of
the levers 16 operated by cams r r¹.
3) The combination with a known magnetic spark inductor of the rod y adapted
to be propelled concurrently with the operation of said inductor and to operate
alternately the contacts s and s¹ to produce a spark and ignition alternately in each
of the two cylinders.
4) The two noses c¹² on the toothed wheel by means of which the spark
inductor is operated at each crank shaft revolution at the proper time and the
means for conducting the current to the igniting contacts s and s¹.
Dated this 24th day of N 1908
H. J. HADDAN.