CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING OR DRIVING DRUMS OR PULLEYS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Burrows, of Wigan, and Joseph Dougan, of
Haigh, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING OR DRIVING DRUMS OR PULLEYS."
Sealed the 2nd May 1862, and dated the 3rd December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Burrows and Joseph
Dougan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Pétition, on the 3rd December 1861.
We, JAMES BURROWS, of Wigan, and JOSEPH DOUGAN, of Haigh, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING OR DRIVING DRUMS OR
PULLEYS," to be as follows:
The first part of our Invention consists in the application of power or pressure
to some part or parts of the rope, band, or chain during the time in which such
parts or portions of the rope remain in contact with the drum or pulley, by
which means we obtain an, increased amount of adhesion, and a correspondingly
greater power for driving machinery, drawing or lifting weights, and similar
purposes. At a number of points in the circumference of the winding drum
or driving drum or pulley, we attach clips or holding pieces, which are caused
to press upon the rope, band, or chain whilst it is in contact with the pulley,

page_text: and to force it against the sides or bottom of the groove in the pulley. The
clips turn upon centres so as to be withdrawn from the rope or chain at or
near the point at which it leaves the drum or pulley, and are attached to or
acted upon by rods radiating from the centre of the pulley, and having anti-
friction rollers at their inner extremities, which are in contact with the
circumference of a cam placed on the drum shaft, a portion of which cam
corresponding to the portion of the pulley which is in contact with the rope, is
formed to a greater radius than the rest, so that (the cam being held from
revolving with the pulley) as each antifriction roller arrives at the raised por-
tion of the cam the rod to which it is attached is forced outwards, and acting
upon the clip causes it to press upon the rope as long as the roller continues to
run on the raised portion of the cam being released by a small spring or other
suitable apparatus; when the rolleris clear of the raised part of the cam; or
the clips may be attached to the outer extremities of levers radiating from the
centre of the pulley, and having antifriction rollers at their inner ends acted
upon by a suitable cam, for the purpose of closing the holding pieces on to the
rope at the proper time, and by a corresponding cam reversed for the purpose
of releasing the clips.
The second part of our Invention applies to winding drums or pulleys for
round ropes in particular, employed for winding coals, &c., from mines or
other similar purposes, and is designed more especially for the purpose of
compensating in a higher degree than has been usual hitherto with round
ropes for the extreme weight of the rope or ropes, thereby diminishing the
extreme load or pressure upon the engine, or otherwise enabling the same
engine to do more duty with the same pressure or their equivalents. This
improvement consists in arranging the sides or planes of winding drums,
sheaves, or pulleys parallel as near as may be to each other, leaving a width
or space between the insides of the planes of each drum, sheave, or pulley
equal to or only a little in excess of the diameter of the rope to be used, so
that when the rope is attached to the drum and the drum is caused to rotate,
each consecutive coil will be laid or wound upon the preceding coil, and so on
in succession, instead of as is usual-coiling upon-a-drum, side-by-side,-or-to-the-
extent of a few laps only in depth. By this arrangement the practical diameter
or leverage of the drum is increased as the rope is wound on, thus wholly or
partially equalising the power required for raising such length of rope and
load throughout the process of winding. And it will be evident to persons
conversant with winding that although this arrangement of drum may be used
singly, it will be more advantageous to use two drums in connection, so

page_text: .
arranged that whilst one rope is ascending and being wound upon its drum,
the other is descending and being unwound. It will also be equally evident
that two ropes may be used interlapping upon one and the same drum... We
do not confine the construction of the sheaves or planes to any particular
material, but we would remark that the ordinary winding sheaves as, used for
flat ropes may be. readily altered to this plan by being. lined up inside with
hard wood; and it is advisable in all cases that the inner surfaces of the planes
be måde smooth, true, and parallel.'
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Burrows and, Joseph Dougan in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th May 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS, SHALL COME, we, JAMES
BURROWS; of Wigan, and -JOSEPH DOUGAN, of Haigh, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of December, in the year, of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said James Burrows and Joseph Dougan, Her special license that we,.
the said James Burrows and Joseph Dougan,. our executors, administrators;.
and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Burrows and: Joseph
Dougan, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN; WINDING
CR. DRIVING DRUMS OR PULLEYS," upon the condition, amongst others, that we,
the. said James, Burrows and Joseph Dougan, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was. to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months; next and, imme-
diately after the date of the said Letter.Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James. Burrows, do, hereby declare the
nature of the said. Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statenient and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):
The first part of our Invention consists in the application of power or
pressure to some part or parts of the rope, band, or chain during the time in
which such parts or portions of the rope remain in contact with the drum or
pulley, by which means we obtain an increased amount of adhesion and a
correspondingly greater power for driving machinery, drawing or lifting
weights, and similar purposes. At a number of points in the circumference of
the winding drum or driving drum or pulley we attach clips or holding pieces,
which are caused to press upon the rope, band, or chain whilst it is in contact
with the pulley, and to force it.against the sides or bottom of the groove in
the pulley. The clips turn upon centres so as to be withdrawn from the rope
or chain at or near the point at which it leaves the drum or pulley, and are
attached to or acted upon by rods radiating from the centre of the pulley, and
having antifriction rollers at their inner extremities, which are in contact with
the circumference of a cam placed on the drum shaft, a portion of which cam,
corresponding to the portion of the pulley which is in contact with the rope,
is formed to a greater radius than the rest, so that the cam being held from
revolving with the pulley as each antifriction roller arrives at the raised
portion of the cam, the rod to which it is attached is forced. outwards, and
acting upon the clip causes it to press upon the rope as long as the roller
continues to run on the raised portion of the cam, and released by a small
spring or other suitable apparatus when the roller is clear of the raised part of
the cam; or the clips may be attached to the outer extremities of: levers
radiating from the centre of the pulley, and having antifriction rollers at their
inner ends acted upon by a suitable cam, for the purpose of closing the holding
pieces on to-the-rope at the proper time, and a corresponding cam reversed for
the purpose of releasing the clips.
The second part of our Invention applies to winding drums or planes for
-round ropes in particular employed for winding coals, &c. from mines, or other
similar purposes, and is designed more especially for the purpose of. com-
pensating in a higher degree than has been usual hitherto with round ropes,
for the extreme weight of the rope or ropes, thereby diminishing the extreme
load or pressure upon the engine, or otherwise enabling the same engine to do
more duty with the same pressure, or other equivalents.
This improvement consists in arranging the sides or planes of winding
drums, sheaves, or pulleys parallel as near as may be to each other, leaving a
width or space between the insides of the planes of each drum, sheave, or

page_text: pulley equal to or only a little in excess of the diameter of the rope; to be
used, so that when the rope is attached to the drum, and the drum is caused to
rotate, each consecutive coil will be laid or wound upon the preceeding coil, and
so on in succession, instead of, as is usual, coiling upon à drum, side by side,
or.to the extent of a few laps only in depth.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about one and a half inches to the foot, and having similar letters of reference
marked upon corresponding parts of the apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a side view of the improved apparatus fór applying pressure to the
rope as it passes round the winding drum; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the
same, shewing the construction of the apparatus more clearly, one clip being
shewn in contact with the rope, and the opposite one released. These Figures
illustrate the arrangement of mechanism. as when a "face cam" is employed
to govern and actuate the clips and rods. Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a
side view.and section of a idriving pulley or drum and connected apparatus,
shewing the method of actuating the rods and clips by means of a "snail or
grooved cam" Fig. 5 is a vertical section: of a winding drum and rope
constituting the second part of our Invention as employed to compensate
for the weight of the rope in winding produce from mines and similar
fuses.
"
" :
: :
"
In Fig. 1, a, a, is the winding drum secured on the shaft b, upon which
shaft also is the cam c, loose, but capable of being fixed in any position, as
circumstances requiré, ¡by means of the lever d; the radiating rods e are
furnished with bowls upon which the cam c acts, so as to cause the clips of to
press upon the rope or to leave it intact, according to the rise and fall of the
surface of the said cam; the springs g, g, being for the purpose of withdrawing
the clips when the lower surface of the cam is presented to the bowls, and the
pressure upon the rope may be, regulated by means of the screws and
nuts h, h..
In Figs. 2 and 3 the mechanism is similar in operation, but the action is
effected by levers, and a grooved, cam is employed in lieu of a face cam; in
this instance the cam withdraws the clips without the use of springs, and the
*pressure upon the rope is regulated by raising or lowering the fulcrum i, i, by
means of the screws and nuts.
In Fig. 5 k, k, is the drum to be employed for winding from mines, in
which each successive coil of rope or band 1, l, is laid upon the one beneath,
so as to form or produce the effect of a drum having an increasing diameter.

page_text: '
The practical diameter or leverage of the drum is thus increased as the rope
is wound on, thus wholly or partially equalising the power required for raising
such length of rope and load throughout the process of winding.
And it will be evident to persons conversant with winding that although this
arrangement of drum may be used singly, it will be more advantageous to use
two drums in connection, so arranged that whilst one rope is ascending and
being wound upon its, drum the other. is descending and being unwound. It
will also be equally evident that two ropes may be used interlapping upon one
and the same drum.
We do not confine the construction of the sheaves or planes to any
particular material, but we would remark that the ordinary winding sheaves
as used for flat ropes may be readily altered to this plan. by being lined up
inside with hard wood, and it is advisable in all cases that the inner surfaces
of the planes may be made smooth, true, and parallel.
Having now, described the nature of. the said Invention, together with
the best methods with which we are acquainted for carrying the same into
practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly understood that we claim,―
A
First, the application of pressure or power by means of clips and cams to
ropes, bands, or chains, as employed in raising and lowering weights, or for
the purposes of hauling or traction, such pressure or power being applied in
order to obtain an increased amount of adhesion between the rope and
pulley.
Secondly, we claim the adaptation and use of the apparatus herein
described and illustrated in the Drawings or other slightly varied mechanical
equivalent.
And, lastly, we claim the novel employment and use of a drum for winding
purposes, by the use of which the rope is caused to coil between two sides or
planes and upon itself in such a manner as to increase the practical diameter
and leverage of the drum, as herein-before described, set forth, and fully
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Burrows, have hereunto set my
JAMES BURROWS. (L.s.)