IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOCK CARTS to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: We, ROBERT WADSWORTH of the Patent Wheel, Axle and Waggon Works,
Thomas Street Halifax, in the County of York, Wheelwright &c, and SELINA
WADSWORTH, wife of the said Robert Wadsworth do hereby declare the nature of
our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOCK CARTS to be as follows:-
"
A new arrangement in the construction of Block Carts, such as are used by Coal,
Iron, Stone, Lime and Timber Merchants, Contractors, Brewers, Farmers &
whereby the weight may be regulated on the Horses-back, and the Wheels retarded,
when necessary.
The same arrangement being also applicable for tipping the
Cart-body or setting the same to any desired position Our improvements
in making the Axletree with the wood blocking attached thereto, so that it can be
tilted forward, by fixing to each end of the front side of the same a iron strap.
having a loop hole at their upper end, which when fixed are level with the upperside
of the Axletree-block.
consist
On the outside of each side of the Cart body we fix a iron Strap, projecting a
little below the underside of the Cart-body, having a hole corresponding in size to
the loop holes in the Axletree Straps, We also fix iron Straps to the hinder end of
the Shafts, with loop holes corresponding in size to those in the Axletree Straps.
When the Axletree and the Shafts are placed under the Cart-body, we pass a
iron rod through the whole of the said iron Straps, and thus couple the Axletree.
by the front side, and the Shafts, to the Body of the Cart.
On the underside of the Cross bars or Spendings of the Cart-Shafts, which are a
little stronger than those usually in ordinary Cart Shafts, we mount a Screw Pin
of suitable strength, longitudinally with the Body of the Cart, in suitable bearings,
said Screw Pin projecting to the front of the Cart, and having a Hand Wheel at
the outer end, with which rotary motion can be imparted to the Screw Pin, or when
preferred a Bevel or Mitre Wheel can be key'd or otherwise secured on the outer
end of the said Screw Pin, instead of the Hand Wheel, into which a corresponding.
Bevel Wheel would take, said Wheel being key'd or otherwise secured on the end of
a Rod or Shaft mounted in suitable bearings to the Cart Shafts, transversely across
the front of the Cart, to the outer end of which is a Hand Wheel or Winch
Handle.
On the threaded part of the said screw Pin is a swivel screw nut of suitable.
strength, the rod end of which we couple to a Loop or Stud, which projects down-
wards a little from the underside of the Axletree, and as rotary motion is imparted
to the Screw Pin, the Screw nut traverses the same, and gradually draws the lower.
edge of the Axletree forward, and with the pressure of the Axletree on the Rod,
which is coupled to the Screw nut on the Screw Pin under the fore end of the
Cart, and the balance of the Cart-body being counteracted by the tilting of the
Axletree forward, the weight on the Horses back is regulated.
Instead of tilting the Axletree forward we sometimes cause the Axletree with
the blocking attached to slide forward on friction pullies in slotted runners of

page_text: suitable strength, which are fixed to the underside of the Cart-body, or otherwise
we fix the Axletree to the underside of the hinder end of the Cart Shafts and
hinge the Shafts to the Body level with the back of the Axletree, but in any of
the three described manners, of attaching the Axletree to the Body, the movement
of the Axletree in order to counterbalance the weight on the Horse is actuated by
the Screw Pin, and swivel nut and Rod fixed under the Cross bars of the Cart
Shafts, as previously described.
Also by the said Screw arrangement when the Cart-body is released from the
Shafts at the fore end, which when in position is held by a simple locking bar, the
Body of the Cart can be tipped clean over, or set to any desired Angle.
As an additional contrivance for facilitating tipping the Cart body, on the upper-
side of the Swivel nut on the said Screw Pin a rod may be applied, so that as the
nut traverses the Screw Pin, this Rod will be pushing up the front end, at the same
time the Rod on the underside of the Swivel nut is pulling down the back end of
the Body of the Cart.
When the Axletree is fixed to the underside of the hinder end of the. Cart
Shafts as previously described, a rocking Arm or Lever is hung in a Stud or Loop,
which we previously mention as being fixed to the underside of the Axletree.
To the said Rocking Arm or Lever the Rod of the Swivel Screw nut is fixed on
the front side, and another Rod is coupled thereto on the back side, which reaches
and is coupled to the underside of the hinder part of the Cart body.
For retarding the Wheels when necessary, we encircle the inner ends of the
Wheel Naves with a iron or Steel band or Lap having Blocks of Wood or other
suitable material secured thereto for the purpose of being brought in contact, and
to grasp the Naves.
The foremost ends of the said Laps being hung on the ends of the Rod, which
couples the Axletree to the Body of the Cart, said rod ends being left to project for
this purpose.
*
The hinder ends of the said, iron or Steel bands or Laps has a chain or its
equivalent attached, which is hung onto a Hook, that is fixed to each side of the
Cart body, above the Naves of the Wheels, and as the "Axletree is "tilted" or
"slided "forward" as before described, the Brake Laps tighten on each of the
Wheel Naves, and thus retard the Wheels.
When the Axletree is fixed to the underside of the hinder end of the Cart
Shafts as previously described, we make the Brake so that it can be put in or out
of gear to admit of the Cart body being. tipped clean over, and which we effect
by placing a iron Rod or Shaft, transversely across the underside of the Cart body,
between the Shafts and the Body, a portion being cut out of the Shafts for the
said Rod to rest in, on each end of the said Rod, which project a little out from
each side of the Cart body we form a Hook and a Lever Handle, A Pin or Stud
is fixed in a plate on each side of the Cart body, and by "either" of the Lever
Handles before mentioned, the transverse Rod or Brake-bar can be hooked on the
said Pins or Studs, and vice-versa when necessary.
:
As the said transverse Rod or Brake bar, carry' the front ends of the' Nave
Brake bands or Laps, as the Body of the Cart is partially tilted, when the said
transverse rod or Brake bar is in gear with the Body, the Brake is also applied,
When the said transverse Rod or Brake bar is not in gear with the Body, the same
will rest across the Shafts, as the Body of the Cart is tilted.
When preferred the Brake might be applied to the periphery of the Wheels
instead of on the Naves, by fixing a Brake block or Shoe of any suitable material
to each end of the front cross piece or earbraid of the Cart-body, so that as the
Axletree is "tilted" or "slided" forward, the Wheels would come in contact with
the Brake block, and be thereby retarded.
!
Dated this Seventh day of January 1884.

page_text: We, ROBERT WADSWORTH of the Patent Wheel, Axle and Waggon Works,
Thomas Street Halifax in the County of York, Wheelwright & and SELINA
WADSWORTH, wife of the said Robert Wadsworth do hereby declare the nature of
our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOCK CARTS" and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
A new arrangement in the construction of Block Carts such as are used by Coal,
Iron, Lime, Stone and Timber Merchants, Contractors, Millers Brewers, Farmers &c,
whereby the weight may be regulated on the Horses back, and the Wheels
retarded when necessary.
The same arrangement being also applicable for tipping the Cart body, or setting
the same to any desired position..
Our improvements consist in making the Axletree with the wood blocking
attached thereto, so that it can be tilted forward, by fixing to each end of the
front side of the same a iron strap having a loop Hole at their upper end, which
when fixed are level with the upper side of the Axletree Block.
On the outside of each side of the Cart-body we fix a iron Strap projecting
a little below the underside of the Cart body, having a hole corresponding in, size
to the loop holes in the Axletree Straps, We also fix iron Straps to the hinder end
of the Shafts with loop holes corresponding in size to those in the Axletree Straps.
When the Axletree and the Shafts are placed under the Cart body, we pass a iron
rod through the whole of the said iron Straps, and thus couple the Axletree by the
front side and the Shafts to the Body of the Cart.
On the underside of the cross bars or Spendings of the Cart Shafts, which are
a little stronger than those usually in ordinary Shafts, we mount a scfew pin of
suitable strength longitudinally with the Body of the Cart, in suitable bearings,
said Screw Pin projecting to the front of the Cart, and having a Hand Wheel at
the outer end, with which rotary motion can be imparted to the Screw Pin, or
when preferred a Bevel or Mitre Wheel, can be key'd or otherwise secured on the
outer end of the said Screw Pin, instead of the Hand Wheel, into which a corre-
sponding Bevel Wheel would take, said Wheel being key'd or otherwise secured on
the end of a Rod or Shaft, mounted in suitable bearings to the Cart, Shafts
transversely across the front of the Cart, to the outer end of which is a Hand
Wheel or Winch Handle, On the threaded part of the said Screw Pin is a Swivel
Screw nut of suitable strength, the rod end of which we couple to a Loop or stud
which projects downwards a little from the underside of the Axletree, and as
rotary motion is imparted to the Screw Pin, the Screw nut traverses the saine, and
gradually draws the lower edge of the Axletree forward, and with the pressure of
the Axletree on the Rod, which is coupled to the Screw Nut on the Screw Pin,
under the fore end of the Cart, and the balance of the Cart body. being counter-
acted by the tilting of the Axletree forward, the weight on the Horses back is
regulated.
Instead of tilting the Axletree forward, we sometimes cause the Axletree with
the Blocking attached thereto, to slide forward on friction pullies in slotted runners.
of suitable strength, which are fixed to the underside of the Cart body, or otherwise
we fix the Axletree to the underside of the. hinder end of the Cart Shafts, and
hinge the Shafts to the Body, level, with the back of the Axletree, but in any of
the three described manners of attaching the Axletree to the Body, the movement

page_text: of the Axletree in order to counterbalance the weight on the Horse, is actuated
by the Screw Pin and Swivel Nut, and Rod fixed under the cross bars of the Cart
Shafts as previously described.
Also by the said Screw arrangement when the Cart body is released from the
Shafts at the fore end, which when in position is held by a simple Locking bar,
the Body of the Cart can be tipped clean over or set to any desired angle.
As an additional contrivance for facilitating tipping the Cart body, on the upper
side of the Swivel Nut on the said Screw Pin a Rod may be applied, so that as the
nut traverses the Screw Pin, this rod will be pushing up the front end, at the same
'time the Rod on the underside of the Swivel Nut is pulling down the back end of
the Body of the Cart.
When the Axletree is fixed to the underside of the hinder end of the Cart
Shafts, as previously described, a Rocking Arm or Lever is hung in the Stud
or Loop, which we previously mention as being fixed to the underside of the
Axletree, To the said Rocking Arm or Lever the Rod of the Swivel Screw Nut
is fixed on the front side, and another rod is coupled, thereto on the back side,
which reaches and is coupled to the underside of the hinder part of the Cart body.
So far as here described these improvements, although only described as apper-
taining to a Cart, with two Wheels, are nevertheless also equally applicable to
a Waggon with four Wheels.
For retarding the Wheels when necessary, we encircle the inner ends of the
Wheel Naves with a iron or steel band or Lap having Blocks of Wood, or other
suitable Material, secured thereto for the purpose of being brought in contact, and
to grasp the Naves.
The foremost ends of the said Laps being hung on the ends of the Rod, which
couples the Axletree to the Body of the Cart, said Rod ends being left to project
for this purpose.
The hinder ends of the said iron or Steel Bands or Laps has a Chain or its
equivalent attached, which is hung on to a Hook, that is fixed to each side of the
Cart body, above the Naves of the Wheels, and as the Axletree is "tilted" or
"slided" forward as before described, the Brake laps tighten on each of the Wheel
Naves, and thus retard the wheels.
When the Axletree is fixed to the underside of the hinder end of the Cart Shafts
as previously described, we make the Brake so that it can be put in or out of gear
to admit of the Cart Body being tipped clean over, and which we effect by placing
a iron Rod or Shaft, transversely across the underside of the Cart Body, between
the Shafts and the Body, a portion being cut out of the Shafts for the said Rods to
rest in, On each end of the said Rod which project a little out from each side
of the Cart body, we form a Hook and a Lever Handle, A Pin or Stud is fixed in
a Plate on each side of the Cart body, and by either of the "Lever" Handles,
before mentioned, the transverse Rod or Brake bar, can be hooked on the said Pins
or Studs, and vice-versa when necessary.
As the said transverse Rod or Brake bar carry the front ends of the Nave Brake
bands or Laps, as the Body of the Cart is partially tilted, when the said transverse
Rod or Brake bar, is in gear with the Body, the Brake is also applied.
When the said transverse Rod or Brake bar is not in gear with the Body, the
same will rest across the Shafts as the Body of the Cart is tilted.
When preferred the Brake might be applied to the periphery of the Wheels
instead of the Naves, by fixing a Brake block or Shoe of any suitable Material to
each end of the front cross Piece or Earbraid of the Cartbody, so that as the
Axletree is "tilted" or "slided" forward the Wheels would come in contact with
the Brake block, and be thereby retarded:
Fig 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side view of a Cart, constructed
according to our invention for tilting the Axletree forward, and Fig 2 shows the
same Cart with the Axletree tilted forward and the Brake applied.
The letters of reference in both Figs indicate corresponding parts, A is the
Axletree with the wood blocking attached, B is the Straps by which the Axletrée

page_text: is hinged to the Cart body. C is the Body Straps to which the Axletree Straps B
are coupled by a iron Rod passing through both and also through the Straps D, on
the ends of the Cart Shafts, which couple these also to the Body Straps, E is the
Screw Pin which is mounted in bearings under the two cross bars in the Cart
Shafts E2, having at the fore end a Bevel or Mitro Wheel Y into which another
Wheel Z takes, that is fixed on the end of a Rod or Shaft which is mounted in
bearings to the Cart Shafts E² transversely across the front of the Cart.
To the Screw Nut F on the said Screw Pin a Rod or Rods G are coupled which
extend to the underside of the Axletree bed, and are there coupled to the loop H,
which. is. fixed to the underside of the Centre of the Axletree Bed, and as rotary
motion is imparted to the Screw Pin by turning the Winch Handle I, on the end
of the Cross Rod or Shaft J the said Screw Nuts with the Rods G attached,
traverses the Screw, and gradually draws the lower edge of the Axletree bed
forward.
:
When the Body of the Cart is required to be tipped, by releasing the Locking
bar at the front of the Cart, and turning the Winch Handle, the Body will tip.
with ease, or be set to any desired Angle.
Figs 3 and 4, shows a Čart with the Axletree Block fixed to the underside of the
binder end of the Cart Shafts and the Shafts hinged to the Body: A is the Axle-
tree block B the Shafts, C is the rocking Arm or Lever which is hung in a Stud
or Loop under the Centre of the Axletree block A, To the said rocking Arm or
Lever C, the rod of the Swivel Screw Nut D, on the Screw Pin E is coupled on
the front side, and on the back side the Rod F is coupled which reaches and is
coupled to the Stud or Loop G, underside of the hinder part of the Cartbody.
Figs 5 and 6 show a Cart with the Axletree with the Wood blocking attached
to slide forward on Friction Pullies in slotted runners. A is the Axletree B the
slotted runners, CC the Pullies which are mounted in iron Straps D, which are
fixed on each side of the Axletree bed A. When. the Axletree is made to slide as
here represented, the Screw Pin G with the Bevel or -Mitre Wheels H H, at the
forę end is mounted between the Body and the Shafts to the underside of the Body
as shown by the dotted lines.
Our arrangement for retarding the Wheels as herein before described is repre-.
sented by Figs 1. 2. 3 and 4.
In Figs 1 and 2 M are the Brake bands with the Blocks of Wood or other
suitable material secured thereto, and which encircles the inner ends of the. Wheel
Naves, the foremost end of which is hung on the ends of the Rod N, which couples
the Axletree to the Body of the Cart, The other ends of the said Brake bands
has a chain or its equivalent P for regulating the Brake bands attached thereto,
which is hung to a hook or Loop, that is fixed to each side of the Cart body, above
the Naves of the Wheels, and as the Axletree is "tilted forward Fig 2, or
slided" forward Fig 6, the Brake laps or Bands tighten around each of the Wheel
Naves, and thus retard the Wheels.
"
In Figs 3 and 4 the foremost ends of the Brake laps or bands are hung on the
ends of a Cross Rod or Shaft R, which is placed transversely across the underside
of the Cartbody between the Shafts and the Body, a portion being cut out of the
Shafts for the said Rod R to rest in. On each side of the said Rod, R, which
project a little out from each side of the Cart body, a Hook is formed with a Lever
Handle attached thereto, and by either of the said Handles the said transverse Rod
or Brake bar can be hooked on a Pin or Stud S on each side of the Cart Body and
vice versa when necessary.
As the said transverse Rod or Brake bar R, carry the front ends of the Nave
brake bands or Laps, as the Body of the Cart is partially tilted, when the said
transverse Rod or Brake bar is in gear with the Body, the Brake is also applied.
When the said transverse Rod or Brake bar R is not in gear with the Body, the
same will rest across the Shafts as the Body of the Cart is tilted.
Figs 7 and 8 show the herein before described arrangement applied to a Waggon
with four Wheels, A is the side of an under frame, having at the fore end the

page_text: fore carriage of the Waggon fixed thereto, and the hinder end of which is coupled
to the Body, as the Shafts are described as coupled, in Figs 1 and 2. On the
underside of two cross bars B B which correspond with those as described in Cart
Shafts, the Screw Pin D is mounted having a Bevel or Mitre Wheel E key'd on the
fore end, and which takes into another Wheel F which is key'd on the end of
a Rod or Shaft which is mounted in bearings transversely across the underframe
before described, The hind Axletree being hinged to the Body of the Waggon, and
coupled by a Rod or Rods to the Screw Pin D as previously described in Carts
Figs 1 and 2, as the Screw Pin is rotated by turning the Winch Handle G, when
the locking bar is released at the fore end of the waggon, the Body can be tipped
with ease or set to any desired Angle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
1st Hingeing and tilting the Axletrees of Block Carts and Waggons, substantially
as and for the purpose herein before described.
2nd Applying a Screw Pin to the Cross bars or Spenders of Cart Shafts or to the
cross bars of the under frame of Tipping Waggons, substantially as and for the
purpose herein before described. .
3rd Sliding the Axletree of Carts on friction Pullies substantially as herein before
described.
4th In combination with "Hingeing and tilting" or "sliding" the Axletree or
partially tipping the Bodies of Carts, we claiin the application of Brake bands,
having blocks attached thereto of any suitable Materials, around the Naves
substantially as herein before described.
5th In combination with the Screw Pin herein described, we claim the rocking
Arı arrangement, as and for the purpose herein before described.
Dated this 7th day of October 1884.
ROBERT WADSWORTH.
SELINA WADSWORTH.