IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRILLING SEED AND MANURE
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Garrett and Richard Garrett, junior, of
Leiston Works, near Saxmundham, in the County of Suffolk, Agricultural
Implement Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR DRILLING SEED AND MANURE."
Sealed the 5th September 1854, and dated the 4th July 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Garrett and
Richard Garrett, junior, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 4th July 1854.
We, RICHARD GARRETT and RICHARD GARRETT, junior, of Leiston Works,
near Saxmundham, in the County of Suffolk, Agricultural Implement Makers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR DRILLING SEED AND MANURE" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to a mode of determining the amount of
manure to be supplied by liquid manure drills to the land. For this purpose
the valves of the conductors are connected by arms or levers to a common
fulcrum rod, which is furnished with a lever for rocking it, and thereby opening
or closing the valves. These valves are capable of wholly or partially inter-
cepting the liquid manure as it falls from the ordinary lifting cup wheels, and
either permitting it to fall through the conductors to the ground, or causing it
to fall back into the reservoir. Availing ourselves, therefore, of the use of the

page_text: fulcrum rod, which is common to all the valves, for determining their position,
and consequently the amount of liquid that will be allowed to flow down the
conductors, we place on this rod a hand or pointer, or use the hand lever
before mentioned instead thereof, and by graduating an arc, over which this
hand lever passes, we are enabled to adjust the drill, so that it shall deliver a
given quantity of liquid manure per acre.
This Invention relates, secondly, to an arrangement of hand lever for steering
the drill, the object being to give the attendant greater power over the imple-
ment, and enable him to guide it over rough land, clods, and ridges without
deviating from the proper track. For this purpose, we attach to the fore carriage
(a little in the rear of its front end) a transverse bar, and to either end of this
bar we apply a hand lever, which we connect by a rigid bar or other suitable
connection to a standard or frame, carried by the axle to which the shafts are
attached. By this means we construct a compound lever, which will give the
attendant sufficient purchase to enable him to retain (by the pressure of his
hand) the implement in the desired track. The lever is capable of being
shifted from, one side to the other, to enable the attendant to steer the imple-
ment from either side of the implement. It will be understood that this
compound lever arrangement is applicable to all kinds of drills.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Garrett and Richard Garrett, junior, in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 4th January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
GARRETT and RICHARD GARRETT, junior, of Leiston Works, near Saxmundham,
in the County of Suffolk, Agricultural Implement Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Richard Garrett and Richard Garrett, junior, Her special license that we, the
said Richard Garrett and Richard Garrett, junior, our executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard Garrett and Richard
Garrett, junior, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR DRILLING SEED AND MANURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Richard Garrett and Richard Garrett, junior, by an instrument in
writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
5 should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Garrett, junior, (on behalf
of myself and of the said Richard Garrett), do hereby declare the naturo of
our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates, firstly, to a novel arrangement of mechanism, which
will permit of the supply by liquid manure drills of a certain and determined
amount of liquid manure being equally distributed over a given area of land.
For this purpose, we provide the manure conductors with valves of the
ordinary construction, which are capable of wholly or partially intercepting the
liquid manure as it falls from the ordinary lifting cup wheels, and so regu-
lating the supply to the conductors, down which the liquid passes, in order that
it may reach the ground. The position of these valves we adjust by means of
a hand lever, which acts also as an index hand, and, by being set to any
required division of a graduated arc adjacent thereto, will determine the
amount of liquid per acre to be distributed over the land by the drill over
which it travels.
In Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 shews in side elevation so
much of a liquid manure drill as will serve to explain the nature of our Inven-
tion, a portion of the case being broken away to expose one of the cup wheels
and parts connected therewith. a is one of a series of cup wheels of the
ordinary construction, mounted on a common shaft, which receives rotary
motion through suitable gearing from the naves of the running wheels.
The cups of the wheels a in their rotation dip (as is well understood) into
the liquid in the reservoir, and carry up a supply, which they discharge into
their respective conductors b. The conductors we fit with a hinged valve c,
which, according to its position, will intercept more or less of the liquid manure'
as it is discharged from the rotating cups, and guide the intercepted liquid
through an opening made for, that purpose in the conductor back into the
reservoir.

page_text: Each valve c is connected by means of a rod d to an arm e, affixed to an
axle f, which extends from side to side of the machine. Upon this axle f is
mounted a hand lever g, which is employed by the attendant for adjusting the
position of the valves c. When the valves are set so as to permit of the liquid
as it is discharged from the cups falling beyond them (the direction of rota-
tion of the wheels being as indicated by the arrow), the liquid will flow down
the conductors b, and thence to the ground; but by setting the valves more
forward they will intercept the liquid, and cause it to return either wholly or
partially (according to the angle at which the valves are set) into the reser-
voir. A graduated plate his fitted to the framing of the machine in such
position that the hand lever may be traversed over it, like an index hand over
a dial. The use of this plate his to enable the attendant to adjust the position
of the hand lever, and through it the valves c, to any required position, and
thereby to determine the amount of liquid manure per acre that the drill
shall distribute over the land.
In order to prepare the scale or graduated plate h, it may be requisite to
determine by actual experiment the capacity of the cup wheels for discharging
the liquid while the valves c are at different positions. The mode of conduct-
ing such experiment will be obvious to all persons conversant with the
manufacture of liquid manure drills.
This Invention relates, secondly, to an arrangement of hand lever for
steering drills of all kinds, the object being to give the attendant greater
power over the implement than he now possesses, and thereby to enable him to
guide it over rough land, clods, and ridges, without deviating from the proper
track.
In Sheet II. of the Drawings, Fig. 1 represents a drill frame in plan view,
with our improved steering apparatus applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a sectional
elevation of the same, taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a front
elevation.
Attached to the tongs a of the fore carriage steerage of the drill is a trans-
verse bar b, to either end of which we joint a hand lever c, c. These levers
we connect respectively by links to a standard or frame e, carried by the
axle, to which is attached the draught plate f. By this means we construct a
compound lever, which will give the attendant sufficient purchase to enable
him to retain (by the pressure of his hand) the implement in the desired track.
Instead of fitting the drill with levers on both sides, the bar may be provided
with one which is capable of being shifted from one end of the bar to the
other, to enable the attendant to steer the implement from either side.
Having now set forth the nature of our Invention of "Improvements in

page_text: Machinery for Drilling Seed and Manure," and explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that under the above
in part recited Letters Patent we claim,-
First, the means above described for regulating the delivery of liquid
manure from drills. And particularly we claim the application to liquid
manure drills of the graduated plate or scale, whereby the attendant is enabled
to regulate the discharge of the liquid, so that it shall be delivered on to the
land at any given amount of gallons per acre.
Secondly, we claim the application to the fore carriage of drills of a com-
pound lever, for facilitating the stcerage of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Garrett, junior, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Fourth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
15 Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
RICHARD GARRETT, JUNIOR. (L.B.)