IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING STOCKS FOR FELTING FAT BODIES AND OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Goodwin Knight, of Stockport, in the County of
Chester, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING STOCKS
FOR FELTING FAT BODIES AND OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES."
Sealed the 28th March 1877 and dated the 15th December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Goodwin Knight at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December 1876.
THOMAS GOODWIN KNIGHT, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Machinist.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING STOCKS FOR FELTING HAT BODIES AND OTHER SUCH
LIKE PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to machines called milling stocks or bumpers having
hammers or felting blocks, and are used for felting hat bodies and other such like
purposes. At present these hammers are raised by means of tappets fixed to a
revolving wheel and striking the hammer shafts as they come in contact with them
in order to lift them, causing a shock to the machine which is detrimental.
My Invention relates to the lifting of these hammers more easily and gradually.
Upon the end of the hammer shaft I fix a stud; on this stud turns a friction wheel
or bowl which rolls upon the face of a cam which is fixed upon the tappet wheel
shaft. This cam is so formed that in revolving it lifts the hammers slowly at first,
but with a slightly accelerated speed during a part of its revolution, letting it fall
again during the other part; this cam may be cast upon or attached to a disc or
the flat plane of a wheel or pulley.
In another modification I employ two or more cams with wheels or bowls.
In a third modification I employ a lever turning upon a stud at one end, and
connected to the hammer shaft at the other end by means of a rod or link having a
stud and bowl between, lifted by cams.
Another part of my improvements relates to the fixed ends of the hammer shafts,
the bearings of which I cause to be made of a bushed or cannon form giving a
greater wearing surface and also greater steadiness.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Goodwin Knight in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th June 1877.
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MILLING STOCKS FOR FELTING HAT BODIES AND OTHER SUCH LIKE
PURPOSES."
THOMAS GOODWIN KNIGHT, of Stockport, in the County of Chester.
This Invention relates to machines called milling stocks or bumpers, having
hammers or felting blocks, and are used for felting hat bodies and other such like
purposes. At present these hammers are raised by means of tappets fixed to a
revolving wheel and striking the hammer shaft as they come in contact with them
in order to lift them, causing a shock to the machine which is detrimental.
My Invention relates to the lifting of these hammers more casily and gradually.
Upon the end of the hammer shaft I fix a stud; on this stud turns a friction wheel
or bowl which rolls upon the face of a cam which is fixed upon the tappet wheel
shaft. This cam is so formed that in revolving it lifts the hammers slowly at first,
but with a slight accelerated speed during a part of its revolution, letting it fall
again during the other part; this cam may be cast upon or attached to a disc or
the flat plane of a wheel or pulley.
In another modification I employ two or more cams with wheels or bowls.
In a third modification I employ a lever turning upon a stud at one end, and
connected to the hammer shaft at the other end by means of a rod or link having a
stud and bowl between lifted by cams.
Another part of my Invention relates to the fixed end of the hammer shafts,
the bearings of which I cause to be made of a bushed or cannon form, giving a
greater wearing surface and also greater steadiness.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation, I will here remark that these machines have all two hammers or
felting blocks working by side each other in a trough containing the hats or other
material to be felted or fulled; the cams are so fixed that one hammer is being raised
while the other is falling; as both hammers and cams are alike in the same machine,
one only need be described and shewn in each view. The cams all revolve in the
direction shewn by arrows. I will now proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings, reference being had to the letters and figures; all letters refer to the
same parts in all the Figures.
Fig. 1 is a side view of hammer or felting block with shaft, and shewing position
of stud and bowl; all these hammers work radially from the shaft end marked W, as
a centre of motion, the block and also stud and bowl moving in arcs of circles of
which the point marked W is the centre. In this modification the hammer is
raised by means of the bowl or wheel turning on the stud, and rolling upon the face
of the cam c from a position shewn by dotted line with an easy and gradual or
with an accelerated speed until it attains a position as shewn at full line, when the
cam leaves the bowl, and the hammer falls again during the remaining part of
the revolution of cam; Fig. 2 is a plan of view Fig. 1, shewing position of stud on
side of shaft and lifting face of cam c.
Fig. 3 is a view of same hammer and stud, but with a different lifting arrange-
ment, the cam in this arrangement; the cam plate is in two parts and may be
cast with or affixed to the disc or the flat side of a wheel or pulley; when
fixed, as shewn, the wheel or disc in revolving the part marked of picks up the
hammer from a position shewn dotted, raises it to the centre; when the bowl is
delivered on the part marked c¹¹, and is then raised to the position shewn, the cam
then leaves the bowl and the hammer drops to be picked up again when the cam
comes under the bowl again.
Figs. 4 and 5 explain a modification of my Invention in which I employ two or
more cams; the hammer shaft in this case is made segmental at the cam end, as
shewn at Fig. 4; in preference it is made entirely of iron, and the felting blocks

page_text: secured by bolts, as seen at Figs. 4, and also at 6 and 7; the ends where the studs
pass through should be formed as shewn at Fig. 5, so that the bowls have each a
separate plane over their rolling faces; or this object may be attained by making
the collars of the studs of different lengths, as being by ƒ ƒ ƒ³, Fig. 8), and the
cams are fixed or cast upon the disc so as to come in contact with their respective
bowls only are to advance or follow each other, as shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a side elevation, and Fig. 7 a plan of one of these machines shewing an
arrangement for lifting the blocks by means of a link connecting the hammer to
one end of a lever o, having a bowl e and stud f lifted by a cam or cams c turning at
the other end upon a stud or bar which is supported or carried by brackets n cast
upon or bolted to the frame of the machine; the ends o of these levers have long
bosses, and may be bored and turned taper and fitted to turn one within the other,
thereby giving greater wearing surfaces and greater steadiness; these levers and
hammer shafts may be either bent or straight, according to construction of machine,
and the link ends may be segments and connected by belts, chains, or metal straps,
as shewn at Fig. 9.
These improvements are applicable to milling stocks or bumpers having pendulous
as well as radial hammers, and may be applied to machines at present in use; the
circumferences of the cams and bowls may be covered with leather, india-rubber, or
other substance so as render them noiseless when working.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described several modes of
carrying the same into operation, I wish to remark that I do not intend to limit
myself to the precise form or details given, as the forms and dimensions of the parts
may be considerably varied or modified, but that what I do claim and desire to be
secured to me by the herein-before recited Letters Patent is, the improvements in
milling stocks for felting hat bodies and other such like purposes, whereby the
lifting of the hammers of milling stocks is rendered more easy and gradual, sub-
stantially as herein-before described and as shewn with modifications on the
Drawings, or any other mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Goodwin Knight, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
THOMAS GOODWIN INIM
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(ST) LHDING NIMGOOD SVROHL
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