A Combined Pneumatic, Hydrostatic, and Tensile Testing Apparatus for Testing and also for Ascertaining the Strength or Breaking Strain of various Articles, Materials, and Substances.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 26th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Pneumatic, Hydrostatic, and Tensile Testing Apparatus
for Testing and also for Ascertaining the Strength or Breaking
Strain of various Articles, Materials, and Substances.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of the Firm of W. H. Bailey and Company Limited,
of Albion Works, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Brass-
founders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a combined pneumatic hydrostatic and tensile testing
apparatus for marking and testing the accuracy of pressure and vacuum gauges
and also testing pipes, bottles, and the like, and for ascertaining the strength or
breaking strain of various articles, materials and substances such as wire, cloth,
cord, cement &c.
My invention consists chiefly in a novel combination and arrangement of parts
for effecting the various tests above mentioned. On a suitable table or frame I
mount an open column mercurial vacuum gauge, and air pump and suitable
connections and appliances for testing vacuum gauges and the like, and a hydro-
static pump and small accumulator with appliances for testing pressure gauges,
bottles, and the like. The hydrostatic pump also serves to actuate a piston in a
cylinder forming part of the tensile testing apparatus which consists of two pairs
of gripping jaws, one connected to the aforesaid piston the other to a steel or other
band secured to the periphery of a drum which is mounted horizontally. I prefer
to mount the drum upon a fixed horizontal spindle between which and a central
hole in the drum I place a number of antifriction rollers which lie in contact with
both spindle and drum and from the ends of the drum a weight or pendulum is
suspended by two metal straps. The second pair of gripping jaws are connected
to a dashpot or pneumatic check which prevents any shock or jar when the wire or
other material between the gripping jaws is broken.
Dated this 25th day of November 1892
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Pneumatic, Hydrostatic, and Tensile Testing Apparatus
for Testing and also for Ascertaining the Strength or Breaking
Strain of various Articles, Materials, and Substances.
1. WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of the Firm of W. H. Bailey and Company Limited,
of Albion Works, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Brass-
founders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to a combined pneumatic hydrostatic and tensile testing
apparatus for marking and testing the accuracy of pressure and vacuum gauges
and also testing pipes, bottles, and the like, and for ascertaining the strength or
breaking strain of various articles, materials and substances such as wire, cloth,
cord, cement &c.
My invention consists chiefly in a novel combination and arrangement of parts
for effecting the various tests above mentioned.

page_text: In the accompanying two sheets of drawings forming part of this Specification,
Figure 1 is a front elevation and Figure 2 a front elevation of an alternative
arrangement for one part of my combined testing apparatus, and
Figures 3 and 4 are detail views of part of the tensile testing apparatus.
On a suitable table or frame A I mount an open column mercurial vacuum
gauge B, an air pump C, and suitable connections and appliances for testing
vacuum gauges D and the like, and a hydrostatic pump E and small weighted
accumulator F with appliances for testing pressure gauges G, and bottles and the
like, at H. At I is a nipple in connection with the air pump Ć also as a convenient
device for vacuum testing. The hydrostatic pump E also serves to actuate a
piston in a cylinder K forming part of the tensile testing apparatus which consists
of two pairs of gripping jaws L one connected to the aforesaid piston, the other to
a steel or other band M secured to the periphery of a drum N which is mounted
horizontally as shown in the detail views Figs. 3 and 4. I prefer to mount the
drum N upon a fixed horizontal spindle O between which and a central hole in the
drum I place a number of antifriction rollers P which lie in contact with both
spindle and drum N and from the ends of the drum N a weight or pendulum R
is suspended by two metal straps S. The second pair of gripping jaws L are
connected by a light rod T to a dashpot or pneumatic check V which prevents any
shock or jar when the wire or other material W between the gripping jaws L is
broken.
The breaking strain of the test piece W is indicated on the dial X by a pointer Y
(and maximum pointer Y¹) which is actuated by a rack and pinion or other suitable
connections from the drum N.
In the alternative arrangement illustrated by Fig. 2 the open mercurial column B
weighted accumulator F and the vacuum gauge tester D. are all dispensed with
and the pressure gauge G is applied directly to the cylinder K. A compressing
screw device Z is employed to hold materials such as cement whilst the crushing
test is applied by means of the piston of the cylinder K.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination a series of appliances constituting an apparatus for marking
and testing pressure and vacuum gauges, for testing pipes bottles and the like, and
for ascertaining the tensile and crushing strength of various articles materials and
substances substantially as herein set forth.
2. The several combinations and arrangements of parts constituting combined
pneumatic hydrostatic and tensile testing apparatus substantially as and for the
purposes herein described with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 25th day of August 1893.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for Applicant.