IMPROVEMENTS IN WHISKS OR MIXERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM WADDELL of Wishaw, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Tin
Smith do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
WHISKS OR MIXERS to be as follows:-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in whisks or mixers has reference
to those whisks which consist of wire hoops rotating within a cylindrical vessel,
containing the material to be fixed such as eggs.
In accordance with my improvements a series of preferably four sets of hoops
are mounted horizontally within the lower part of the vessel, and are arranged one
over the other.
The outer and third inner set of wires have their journals or bearings, at one
side, fixed upon the one extremity of a tubular spindle and within the vessel, the
opposite bearings of the wires rotating loosely. The inner-most, and third from
the said set of wires, are fixed upon a spindle, rotating through the tubular spindle,
at the opposite side of the vessel to that at which the other set of wires are fixed,
their opposite journals also rotating loosely.
Two sets of wires therefore are capable of rotating independently and are caused
to rotate in opposite directions by gearing at the outside of the vessel.
The outer set of wires and their corresponding set are operated by a toothed
pinion at the outside of the vessel; the innermost set and their corresponding set
being operated by a similar pinion, the two pinions being mounted side by side.
The said pinions are caused to rotate in different directions through an intermediate
toothed wheel geared with a main operating toothed wheel to which a cranked
handle is keyed, the main wheel gearing direct with one of the pinions, the
intermediate wheel gearing with the other pinion.
The rotating wires are preferably so mounted that the whole of the parts within
the vessel can be taken out when required, this being effected either by allowing
the spindles to be drawn out horizontally from the vessel or vertically together with
the wires. The number of sets of wires may be varied either by increasing or
reducing their number, and the gearing for giving the opposite motions to the wires
is preferably mounted upon brackets fixed to the side of the vessel and if necessary
so arranged as to be capable of removal when the parts of the apparatus have to be
cleaned or for other purposes.
The apparatus may be driven by hand or by power.

page_text: Improvements in Whisks or Mixers.
1, WILLIAM WADDELL., of Wishaw, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Tin
Smith do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN WHISKS
OR MIXERS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention, which relates to improvements in whisks or mixers has reference
to those whisks or mixers which consist of wire hoops rotating within a cylindrical
vessel, containing the material to be mixed, such as oggs.
In accordance with my improvements, 1 pivot four, or other desired number of
sets of hoops horizontally within the lower part of the vessel and arrange such sets
of hoops to rotate one over or outside the other.
The outer and third sets of wires are fixed upon a tubular shaft, and the inner-
most or fourth and second sets of wires, are fixed upon the solid shaft which rotates
loosely within the beforementioned tubular shaft.
Two sets of wires therefore are capable of rotating independently of each other,
these being caused to rotate in opposite directions by gearing at the outside of the
vessel.
The outer and third sets of wires are operated by a toothed pinion at the outside
of the vessel, the second and corresponding fourth sets of such wires being
operated by a similar pinion, the two pinions being mounted side by side. The
said pinions are caused to rotate in opposite directions by spur gearing as herein-
after described.
The rotating wires are preferably so mounted that the whole of the parts within
the vessel can be taken out when required, this being effected either by allowing
the beforementioned spindles or shafts together with the wires to be drawn out
horizontally or vertically from the vessel. The number of sets of wires may be
varied either by increasing or reducing their number, and the gearing for giving
the opposite motions to the wires is preferably mounted upon brackets fixed to
the side of the vessel, and if necessary, so arranged as to be capable of removal
when the parts of the apparatus bave to be cleaned or for other purposes.
The apparatus may be driven by hand or by power.
In order that my Invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect, I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 are respectively a front elevation, a side elevation and a plan
of a whisk or mixer constructed according to my present Invention.
Figure 4, is a vertical section of the same taken into the line A, B Figure 3.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 are views of detached portions of the same all hereinafter more
particularly described. Figure 8, 9 and 10 are respectively a side elevation, a front
elevation and a plan of a detached portion of the same as constructed according to
a modification of my Invention.
In a whisk or mixer constructed in accordance with my present invention,
I secure two, three, four or more sets of wire hoops upon two shafts the respective
pinions secured to which are so geared that one set of hoops is caused to rotate in
one direction and the set of hoops next to it is caused to rotate in the opposite
direction and so on throughout the series. In the whisk or mixer represented
upon the annexed drawings there are shown four sets of wire hoops which are
respectively marked a, b, c, and d. The wire hoops or sets of wire hoops a, and c,
at one end are secured into the bosses e, which are rigidly fixed to the tubular

page_text: shaft, the opposite ends of the said hoops, that is to say, the ends shewn at the
left hand of Figure 4, being secured in the bosses g, which are free to rotate loosely
upon the inner or solid shaft, this shaft h, being free to rotate within the before-
mentioned tubular shaft f. The wire hoops or sets of wire hoops b and d at their
ends, are secured in the bosses i, and j, the bosses i, of which are rigidly fixed at
the left-hand end as at Figure 4, to the inner or solid shaft h, while the bosses j, at
the right hand end, as at Figure 4, are free to rotate loosely upon the periphery of
the tubular shaft f. The shafts f, and h, at one end, are provided with clutches as
shewn more particularly in the end elevation of the wire hoops at Figure 5, and and
in the enlarged views shewn at Figures 6 and 7, which respectively represent an end
and a side elevation of a portion of the clutch faces of such shafts. These clutch
faces engage with corresponding clutch faces formed respectively on the short
shaft k, and on the short tubular 1, which is capable of rotating around the inner
shaft k.
These last mentioned shafts k, and 4, are supported at the outside of the
cylindrical casing m, by the screwed centre o, and by the gland and stuffing box P,
through which the short tubular shaft 1, passes to the interior of the vessel or
casing m, and within which the said tubular shaft is capable of rotating. Upon
the shaft, and the short tubular shaft I, there are secured the toothed pinions
and respectively, these pinions gearing with the toothed wheels 5₁ and t,
respectively as shewn more particularly at Figure 3. The toothed wheels, is
secured to the shaft n, the inner end of which is supported in the bearing u, and
the outer end of which is supported in the bracket w, and at its extremity is
squared so as to admit of the crank handle e, being placed thereon for driving by
hand; or the said shaft u, may be extended in length, and fast and loose pulleys
fitted thercon for driving by power. The toothed wheel t, is secured upon the
shaft y, which is supported at its inner end in the bearing z, and at its outer end
in the bracket w. The width and relative positions of the toothed wheels s, and t,
is such that while one-half of their width enables them to engage with each other,
the other half of the width thereof allows them respectively to engage with tho
pinions g, and . It is therefore obvious that when the machine is operated, these
pinions and ", and the shafts and sets of wire hoops respectively connected
therewith, are caused to rotate in directions opposite to each other, from the fact
that the pinion, is geared directly with the toothed wheel 5, and the pinion r, is
geared indirectly therewith, that is to say, through the intermediate wheel t.
In place of employing the wheels, which is constructed with one set of teeth as
hereinbefore described with reference more particularly to Figures 1, 2 and 3, of
the annexed drawings, I may construct the said wheel with two sets of teeth of
different diameters that is to say in the manner represented at Figures 8, 9 and 10.
Under this constructions one of the pinions 7, and ", is also of reduced diameter,
the said pinion of reduced diameter being geared with the wheels, indirectly, that
is to say, through the intermediate wheel t, while the other of such pinions, that is
to say, the pinion of larger diameter is geared directly with the wheels, all in the
manner shewn at Figures 8, 9 and 10. It is obvious that two toothed wheels of
different diameters secured upon the same shaft, may be used instead of one wheel
constructed with two sets of teeth.
Against the left-hand end (as at Figure 4) of the solid shaft h, within the vessel
or casing m, the centre a¹, is capable of being screwed with more or less pressure
in such manner as to maintain the hereinbefore described clutch faces in gear with
each other, the said adjustable centre being locked in any desired position by
means of the nut 4, which under such circumstances is jammed or screwed tightly
against the outer end of the socket c¹, in which the said centre is supported.
When it is desired to remove the series of wire hoops, the lock nut b, is screwed
back from the socket c', and the pointed end of the centre a¹, is withdrawn from
the conical recess or centre formed in the end of the shaft, the said wire hoops
are then free to he removed from the mixer, by lifting them together upward
through the vessel and out at the top thereof.

page_text: The wire hoops a, b, c, and d, are enclosed within a spherical or approximately
spherical casing formed at the lower part of the vertical cylindrical casing m, and
constituted by the stationary concave plate d', at the underside, and by the
removable cover n, at the upperside, and the material to be mixed in the machine
is confined to the path of the wire hoops a, b, c and d, by the spherical or approxi-
mately spherical block e¹, of porcelain, wood or the equivalent thereof. The
material to be mixed is by this construction always presented to the agitating
influence of the rotating wire hoops being, by the provision of the porcelain or
other block e¹, prevented from clinging to the shaft, at the centre of the machine
and thereby escaping the said hoops. The cover n, fits tightly into the casing m,
and is secured in the position in which it is represented at Figure 4, by its edge
springing into the annular groove, formed in the said casing m, or, the said
cover may be secured in position by any other convenient means.
The improved whisk or mixer, as represented upon the annexed drawings, is
provided in the ordinary well-known manner, with the water casing g', the
spout h', for charging the same with hot water, and the tap or cock, for drawing
off the cooled water therefrom. The machine is also provided with rings or
sockets (Figure 1) through which one arm of a clamp (not represented upon the
annexed drawings) is passed for securing the said machine to a table or other
support, or the said machine may be secured down upon its support by any other
convenient means. The upper part of the casing m, is closed in by the removable
cover ³, in the ordinary manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Inven-
tion and in what inanner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware of
the Patent of Robert Morton of Wishaw in the County of Lanark North Britain
dated 25th March 1876 No. 1283, and I do not claim any parts or combinations of
parts therein claimed but what I claim is :-
First The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
improved whisk or mixer shewn upon the annexed drawings and substantially as
herein before described with reference to such drawings.
Second The improvements in whisks or mixers in which two, three, four or
more sets of hoops are mounted upon the shafts h, and, which are respectively
caused to rotate in opposite directions, consisting of the pinions g, and r, which are
geared, one directly with the toothed wheels, and the other indirectly therewith,
that is to say, through an intermediate wheel having a single set of teeth as shown
at Figures 1 to 4, or with the mechanical equivalent thereof for example, a wheel
having two sets of teeth of different diameters as shewn at Figures 8, 9 and 10 all
substantially as and operating in the manner hereinbefore set forth with reference
to the annexed drawings.
Third In combination with a whisk or mixer, the clutch arrangement for
enabling the wire hoops or stirrers to be engaged with or disengaged from the
gearing by which they are operated and thereby admitting of their being readily
removed from such whisks or mixers all substantially as and operating in the manner
hereinbefore set forth with reference more particularly to Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 of
the annexed drawings.
Fourth The improvements in whisks or mixers consisting of the means for
retaining the material to be beaten or mixed wholly or immediately in the path
or within the scope or field of agitation of the wire hoops or stirrers thereof all
substantially as and operating in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set
forth with reference to the annexed drawings.
Dated this fourth day of August. 1886
J. H. JOHNSON, DAY & JOHNSON,
Applicant's Agents.