Improvements in the Manufacture of Hollow Glass Ware and in. Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1891-Accepted, 9th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hollow Glass Ware and in.
Apparatus therefor.
I, WILHELM HERMANN HILDE, of the firm of Hermann Hilde, Merchant, of
Rosswein, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
In the manufacture of blown hollow glass-ware by forcing cold air into the
glass, the latter cools too quickly, in consequence whereof the mobility of the
glass mass being shaped is altogether insufficient, and the outer wall of the hollow
glass-ware can not be provided with sharp edges.
In order to remedy such defects, it is not sufficient to merely use air under
high pressure for blowing purposes, this air should moreover be heated.
In carrying my invention into practice, I use a receptacle or chamber for heating
the air under pressure, and I connect the same with an air pump.
This air
receptacle or chamber which can be used at the same time as a storage vessel for
the compressed air, is joined to the main air conduit by a glass pipe in such a
manner, that it can be easily disconnected therefrom. There may be also pro-
vided a serpentine pipe for each separate conduit, this pipe being placed in a
heating apparatus arranged in the walls of the hot furnace or built separately.
The operation is carried out in the following manner :-
After a sufficient quantity of air at a high temperature has been introduced into
the air conduit by means of an air pump or of any other suitable contrivance,
the glass blower takes a suitable quantity of molten glass with his glass pipe and
manipulates the same upon the block in the ordinary manner, after which he
inserts the pipe as rapidly as possible in an easily detachable connection and in
the mould; he then opens the admission valve, whereupon the heated air enters
within the glass ware without increasing by its contact with the hot air the
viscosity of the latter, the glass remaining on the contrary soft and fluid, i.e., in
a suitable state to form sharp edges. When the glass is sufficiently blown, the
operator closes the above admission valve, and the superheated air is allowed to
escape outside through a suitable outlet. According to another arrangement,
I provide a device for rapidly connecting the glass pipe to the main conduit,, such
connection being effected by mere depression of a lever. The main conduit
terminates with a moveable union connected with the lever aforesaid and the
under part of which has a bevelled surface. This union can be easily moved up
and down, so that the glass pipe placed below the same and suspended to a forked
piece by means of a suitable cap can be forthwith connected to the main conduit,
the arrangement being such that when the said lever is depressed, the air
admission pipe is opened, while on the contrary the latter pipe is closed when
the lever is raised. Instead of this pipe connection, I may use a screw connection.
The latter is so constructed, that the glass pipe is provided in a suitable place
with a quadrangular part, which can be firmly fixed in the above mentioned
forked piece which is likewise quadrangular. At the lower part of the main
conduit is arranged a connecting nut furnished with cross handles, and screwed
upon a screw threaded shoulder formed on the said glass pipe, so that a few
turns of the handle will ensure a tight and safe connection. This last arrange-
ment may be used for blowing glass without moulds.
The above process in combination with the contrivances in ordinary use
produces better hollow glass ware than hitherto and is particularly suitable for
the purpose of avoiding subsequent and troublesome repairs upon the outer walls

page_text: of the hollow glass ware, while owing to the rapidity with which the connecting
devices act, the arrangement can be used in a great variety of cases.
Dated this 25th day of June 1890.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hollow Glass Ware and in
Apparatus therefor.
I, WILHELM HERMANN HILDE, of the firm of Hermann Hilde, Merchant, of
Rosswein, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
In the manufacture of blown hollow glass-ware, by forcing cold air into the glass,
the latter cools too quickly, in consequence whereof the mobility of the glass mass
being shaped is insufficient, and the outer wall of the hollow glass-ware can not be
provided with sharp edges.
In order to avoid such defects, it is not sufficient, to use for blowing purposes air
under high pressure, but the air thus employed should be previously heated.
For carrying out this process, I have devised special apparatus, as hereinafter
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is partly a side elevation and partly a section showing also the air
reservoir placed in the heating chamber.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the apparatus.
Fig. 3 is partly a plan and partly a horizontal section of the same.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section of an air-reservoir mounted on an independent stand,
and connected with pipes leading to the heating chamber.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the same.
Figs. 6 to 9 show details of construction necessary for carrying out the process
hereafter described.
Fig. 10 is a front elevation of an apparatus showing the air-supply pipe secured
to a stand, and when it is disconnected from the blow-pipe.
Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 12 is a partial vertical section of the same on a larger scale, and when the
air supply-pipe is connected with the blow pipe.
Fig. 13 shows the upper end of a blow pipe and a screwcap or sleeve for
connecting it with an air supply-pipe suspended from the ceiling.
Fig. 14 is a partial plan of the beam and plate supporting the head of the
blow pipe.
Fig. 15 is a vertical section corresponding to Fig. 13, when the blow pipe is
connected with the air supply pipe.
I employ a receptacle or chamber A. for heating the air under pressure, and
I connect the same with an air pump, B, Fig. 1. This air heater, which can be
used at the same time as a storage vessel for the compressed air, is joined to the
blow pipes E by means of the air conduits or supply pipes D, in such a manner,
that it can be easily disconnected therefrom. An air heater may, however, be
provided for each air supply pipe, and the said air heater may have the shape of a
coil or serpentine F (Figs. 4 and 5), placed in a heating apparatus arranged in the
walls of an oven, or in a separate heating apparatus.
The operation is carried out in the following manner :-
After a sufficient quantity of air at a high temperature has been introduced into
the air conduit by means of an air pump or of any other suitable contrivance, the
glass blower takes a suitable quantity of molten glass with his pipe E and
manipulates the same upon the wooden block in the ordinary manner, after which

page_text: he inserts the blow pipe as rapidly as possible in the easily detachable coupling G
and into the mould H; he then opens the admission valve K, whereupon the heated
air enters the interior of the glass body J, without increasing the viscosity of the
latter to any injurious extent, the glass remaining, on the contrary, soft and
fluid, i.e., in a suitable state to form sharp edges. When the glass is sufficiently
blown, the operator closes the admission valve or cock K, and the superheated air
is allowed to escape outside through a specially provided outlet a, Figs. 6 to 8. In
the arrangement represented by Figs. 10 to 15, I provide a device for rapidly con-
necting the glass pipe to the air supply pipe, such connection being effected by the
mere depression of a lever d. The air supply-pipe D terminates with a moveable
union or sleeve L connected with the lever d, and the under part of which has a
bevelled contact surface b. This union L can be easily moved up and down, so
that the blow pipe E placed below the same and suspended to a forked plate M by
means of a suitable cap or shoulder can be forthwith connected with the air
supply-pipe, the arrangement being such, that the down motion of the hand lever d
opens also the air supply cock N, while, on the contrary, the said cock is closed by
raising the lever.
Instead of this pipe connection, I may use a screw coupling, as illustrated by
Figs. 12 to 15. In this case, a suitable part of the blow pipe E is made prismatic,
so as to fit into the rectangular opening of the forked plate M mentioned above.
At the lower part of the air conduit D is arranged a connecting nut P furnished with
cross handles
by means of which it can be screwed upon a threaded shoulder or
head formed on the said blow pipe, so that a few turns of the handle will ensure
a tight and safe connection. This last arrangement may be used for blowing glass
without moulds.
The above process, in combination with suitable apparatus, produces hollow glass
ware more efficiently than hitherto and is particularly suitable for avoiding sub-
sequent manual labour or finishing work upon the outer walls of the hollow glass
ware, while owing to the rapidity with which the connecting devices act, the
arrangement can be used in a great variety of cases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare, that what I
claim is:-
1. The process for the manufacture of hollow glass ware, which consists in
conducting compressed air at a high temperature to the interior of the hollow
glass body which is to be expanded, substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for the manufacture of hollow glass ware, comprising in its
construction an air compressor B, with or without the addition of an intermediate
reservoir A, and an air-supply pipe D having a stop valve K, a blow pipe holder G,
and an exhaust port a, and the combination of the above apparatus with an
appliance for heating the intermediate reservoir A, or a suitably shaped part (F)
of the air supply pipe, substantially as described.
3. In apparatus for the manufacture of hollow glass ware by means of compressed
air, the combination of a blow pipe E, with an air supply-pipe D containing a
stop valve, a moveable coupling piece or sleeve L, and a lever adapted to operate
on the said coupling piece and stop valve simultaneously, substantially as described
and illustrated by Figs. 10, 11 and 12.
4. In apparatus for the manufacture of hollow glass ware by means of compressed
air, the combination of a blow pipe E, with an air supply-pipe D containing a stop
valve N, and a screw coupling P, h, substantially as described.
Dated this 21st. (lay of varen 1891
Dated this 1st day or waren 1891
W. H. HILDE.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London, Agents.
W. H. HILDE.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London, Agents.