IMPROVE- MENTS IN FORMING MOULDS FOR CARD CYLINDERS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jonathan Ireland, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Foundry Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FORMING MOULDS FOR CARD CYLINDERS."
Sealed the 21st November 1862, and dated the 27th May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jonathan Ireland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
May 1862.
I, JONATHAN IRELAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
5 caster, Foundry Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING MOULDS FOR CARD CYLINDERS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in using an expanding and contracting core barrel which
is coated with loam. The barrel is placed upon a turntable, and so revolving past
a sweep or sweeps which are fixed to a slide rest, so as to regulate the size of
the core; also I use a frame which is fixed to the sliding sweep or otherwise,

page_text: with space between to allow a sweep to run up and down to form the thicken-
ing ribs which are opposite where the cards are fixed to the cylinder. I likewise
use an outside casing, which is coated inside with loam; when the core and
casing are finished and dried they are placed upon a plate which is made per-
fectly true, with slides for the core and casing, so that they can slide into
their place upon it; when thus put together the space between them will
form the cylinder. After casting in the usual manner, the core barrel is con-
tracted and drawn out, so as to allow the cylinder to contract: By these means
cylinders are made with greater truth and in less time, neither do they require
balancing, which is the case with those made 'by other means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jonathan Ireland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONATHAN
IRELAND, of the City of Manchester,. in the County of Lancaster, Foundry
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Jonathan Ireland, Her special licence that I, the said Jonathan
Ireland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Jonathan Ireland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FORMING MOULDS FOR CARD CYLINDERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Jonathan Ireland, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to.
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent...

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jonathan Ireland, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists in using an expanding and contracting core barrel
for the card cylinders of carding engines, and coating them with loam in the
following manner :-I place the barrel when expanded to its full size upon a
turntable, and cause it to revolve past one or more sweeps attached to one or
more slide rests, for the purpose of acting upon the loam as it is placed upon the-
barrel, and regulating the size of the core. I also use a sweeping frame having
one or more spaces in which a sweep is moved, so as to forni spaces in the core-
for the thickening ribs of the card cylinder. In. connection with the aforesaid,
core barrel. I use an outside box or casing coated with loam in the inside by a
Sweep attached to a slide rest. When the core and casing are finished and
dried, they are placed upon a plate which is made perfectly true, and when
thus put together the space between them will form the cylinder, when the
metal is run into it. After casting in the usual manner, the core barrel is.
contracted and drawn out, so as to allow the cylinder to contract. By these.
means card cylinders require no balancing, are made with greater truth and
in less time than by any other means.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the Figures
and Letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a ver-
tical section, and Fig. 2 a plan, of one of my contracting and expanding core
barrels for card cylinders; Fig. 3, a vertical section of the barrel upon a turn-
table, and views of slide rests and sweeps employed for coating the barrel with
loam and forming the circular grooves; Fig. 4, a plan drawn to an enlarged
scale, of a sweep for forming the grooves in the barrel for the thickening ribs
of the cylinder; Fig. 5, an elevation of the sweeping frame in which the sweep
works; Figs. 6 and 7 are front and end elevations of a frame for holding_the
barrel horizontally, and mounted with a slide for-holding and adjusting the
position of the sweeping frame and a loam board when the core barrel is.
loamed horizontally; Fig. 8; an elevation of the barrel when loamed, shewing
the spaces for the thickening ribs; Fig. 9 is an elevation, and Fig. 10 a plan,.
of the outside box, and also shewing the method of loaming the interior;;
Fig. 11, an elevation of the outside box, perforated with numerous holes, to
allow the free escape of air; and. Fig. 12 is. a vertical section, shewing the
mould ready for casting.
:
There are several modes of expanding and contracting the core barrel, but

page_text: I prefer that represented in the Drawings, in which the barrel is made in three
parts or segments a, b, c, Fig. 2, joined together with hinges, so as to allow
the two segments b, c, to act as wings, which can be turned inwards to con-
tract the barrel and outwards to expand it.
The shaft of the core barrel is shewn at d, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 12,
over which shaft is placed the tube e,. Figs. 1, 3, and 12, having upon it the
rack f, Fig. 1, and jointed to it the rods, g, h, Figs. 1, 3, and 12, connected at
their other ends to the wings b, c. In the teeth of the rack is geared; the
worm i on the spindle k, which turns in bearings, but cannot, move longitudi-
nally. When the worm is turned so as to raise the tube, the wings b; c, are,
drawn in and the barrel contracted, as shewn in Fig. 2, but when the worm is
turned the other way, the tube is lowered and the wings are pressed outwards
and the barrel expanded, as shewn in Fig. 12.
The manner of loaming is either by placing the barrel. upon a turntable, as
shewn in Fig. 3, and coated with loam to the required thickness.by means of
a sweep fixed to a slide rest l, or by placing the barrel upon tressles, as shewn
in Figs. 6 and 7. The thickening ribs, which are placed upon the inside of
the cylinder opposite where the cards are fixed on the outside of it; are made
in the following manner:-I employ a frame, as shewn in Fig. 5, which is
either stationary or attached to a slide m, Fig. 7; the said frame has one or
more spaces n, to allow a sweep, Fig. 4, to move backwards and forwards in,
and by this means form in the loam on the barrel the required spaces for the
thickening ribs.
The manner of loaming the outside box is shewn in Figs. 9 and 10. For
this purpose I use a sweep fixed to a slide rest o, which moves round on its
centre or in suitable bearings; by the sliding movement of the sweep the
loam can be made any thickness with greater facility and truth than without a
slide rest.
When the core barrel and outside box have.been placed in the stove and the
loam dried they are taken out, and when the barrel is lowered into its place in
the outside box, as shewn in Fig. 12, the space between the two will form the
cylinder, and it is now ready for the metal being poured into it.
a
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, I
desire it: to be understood that I claim in the formation of moulds for the card
cylinders of carding engines,-
First, the construction of the core barrel in three segments, and expanding
and contracting two of them by means of a worm and rack.
And, secondly, the employment of a turntable and slide rest for loaming the

page_text: barrel, and also a slide rest for loaming the interior of the outer box, as all
such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
And, thirdly, the employment of an expanding and contracting core barrel
of any construction in making the moulds of card cylinders.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Ireland, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JONATHAN IRELAND. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Jonathan Ireland in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.