IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING PRESSURE APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Shaw, of Portlaw, in the County of Water-
ford, Ireland, Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING PRESSURE APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR
PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 10th October 1856, and dated the 7th July 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Shaw at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th July
1856.
I, ROBERT SHAW, of Portlaw, in the County of Waterford, Ireland, Cotton
Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention'
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING PRESSURE APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR PRE-
PARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:
My Invention consists in an improved method of giving. the requisite
pressure to rollers of spinning or other machinery. An endless elastic
revolving band of suitable material is passed around and revolves with any
number of rollers on which the pressure is to be exerted. By the application
of these elastic bands in this way, the friction of the weighted hooks and
journals is removed or greatly reduced, and the motive power economized.

page_text: As now practised, the friction required to wind up the yarn on the bobbins of
spinning machinery is usually obtained by the boss of the bobbin rubbing on
a piece of flannel set stationary on the bolster rail. In lieu of this, I attach
the flannel to a revolving washer, which is carried round by the friction of the
bobbin, and allowed to partake of so much of its velocity as will not impair
the taking up of the yarn. This washer, which would otherwise revolve at
the same speed as the bobbin, is restrained by introducing a vertical or other
roller at the back of the spindle. Around this roller two bands pass, one to a
wharve attached to the under side of the aforesaid friction washer, and the
other to a wharve fast on the spindle below the bolster rail. By this arrange-
ment, it will be obvious that by increasing or diminishing the relative sizes of.
these wharves, the necessary differential speed between the bobbin and the
friction washer can be obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
SHAW, of Portlaw, in the County of Waterford, Ireland, Cotton Spinner and
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,.
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Robert Shaw, Her special license that I, the said, Robert Shaw, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Shaw,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING
PRESSURE APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst.
others) that I, the said Robert Shaw, by an instrument in writing under my_
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and

page_text: cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six.
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
: ..
NOW KNOW YE, .that I, the said Robert Shaw, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described. and ascertained in and by the following statement.
(that is to say):-
The nature of my Invention consists in obtaining pressure by the applica
tion of endless elastic or other revolving band passing around and revolving
with the rollers, on or between which the pressure is to be exerted; also in
an improved combination of parts for saving friction, particularly applicable to:
the machines for spinning called "throstles," by means whereof a portion of
the motive power expended in obtaining the friction or drag is returned again.
to the motive power.
In order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to. describe the means pursued by me, reference:
being had to the accompanying Drawing, and to the figures and letters:
marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a section of part of a "throstle frame," to which my improvements
are applied; Fig. 2 is a modification of the first part of my Invention; and:
Fig. 3 is a side view of part of Fig. 1. a represents the front fluted roller of
the throstle frame; and b, the top roller, requiring to be pressed on the same;
c is a clearer or other roller, introduced for the purpose of producing the:
pressure between the rollers a and b, by passing the elastic band d or other
band around the three rollers a, b, and c, as shewn in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, or in
manner shewn in Fig. 2. I prefer to make this elastic band of vulcanized or
mineralized india-rubber, but any other suitable elastic substance may be used.
I would also remark, that this mode of obtaining pressure between the surfaces
of rollers is also applicable to other machines used in preparing and spinning-
cotton and other fibrous materials, and to other purposes.
Another modification of my Invention is shewn at Fig. 4. Two endless
bands are passed around the revolving weight r and suspend it from the top
rollers, whereby the friction on the top roller b is removed. e is the spindle of
the throstle frame, supported in the usual manner in the bolster rail f and foot-
step rail
h is the flyer, and i the bobbin; j is a plate, with a wharve k
attached to it, loose on the spindle e; and is a washer, of flannel or other
material, on the plate j, to increase and steady the friction of the bobbin i.
In the usual mode of constructing throstles, the bobbin rests on a strip of
flannel placed on the bolster rail f. The wharve m is fixed to the spindle; the

page_text: band n passes around the wharvem ande around the roller o, and the band p
passes also. around the roller'o and around the wharve k, fixed to the plate j.
The spindle e is caused to revolve in the usual manner, by a band (not shewn
in the Drawing) passing around the wharve q. If the spindle performs 5,000
révolutions in a minute, and the wharvek is made one, 5th larger than: the
wharvem, it is evident that the wharvė k; plate j, and washer will revolve at
the rate of 4,000 revolutions in a minute, consequently the ratio of friction
between the bobbin i and the washer 7 will be represented by 1,000, and the
friction due to the differential velocity, which is equal to 4,000; will be
returned and imparted to the spindle è in aid of the motive power. By
varying the relative proportions of the diameters of the wharves: andim, 'the
âmount of drag or friction between the bobbin i and washer l. can be increased
or diminished:,
Having thus particularly described the nature of my Invention; and the
manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood, that I do not
confine myself to the details herein set forth, as the same may be considerably
varied! without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention; but
what I claim, is,-
First, the use or employment of an endless elasting revolving band or other
band with a revolving weight, whereby the requisite pressure. on or between'?
rollers is obtained...
And, secondly, returning again to the motive power a portion of the said.
power expended.in obtaining the friction or drag.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Shaw, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of January, in the year of our Lord 2
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
KOB SHAW. (L.S.)