Improvements in Roller Bearings including Ball Bearings and Cylindrical Roller Bearings.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1898-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roller Bearings including Ball Bearings and
Cylindrical Roller Bearings.
I, JAMES EDWARD LAWRENCE, Manufacturer, of the Village of West Shefford,
in the County of Shefford, in the Province of Quebec, Canada, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: —
My invention relates to improvements in roller bearings including ball bear-
ings and cylindrical roller bearings and the object of the invention is to provide
a bearing which will be entirely free from friction instant to rubbing contact
between the rolling parts and consequently prevent any twisting, wedging or bind-
ing of such parts, that will be simple and compact in its construction, incapable
of getting out of order, noiseless and practically indestructible and it consists of
the construction of bearing hereinafter explained and set forth in the claims.
Fig. 1, is a sectional perspective view showing what is commonly known as a
ball bearing constructed in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 2, is a cross section showing the balls in full.
Fig. 3, is a similar view to Fig. 1, showing a roller bearing.
Fig. 4, is a cross section showing the form and arrangement of the rollers.
In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each
figure.
•
A is the axle, which is provided with a threaded end B. C is a disc provided
with a central aperture by which it is screwed on to the threaded end B of the
axle A and is provided with an annular V-shaped lip or projection c.
D is a ring surrounding the shaft and concentric to it being held in such
position by the balls of the bearing, which will appear hereinafter. C¹ is a disc,
which is provided with a central aperture by which it is screwed on to the threaded
end B of the shaft A. The disc C¹ is of course reversely set to the disc C and is
provided with a substantially V-shaped annular lip or projection c¹, which is
exactly opposite the lip or projection c of the disc C.
Supported between the inner sides of the lips c and d and the V-shaped
grooves d of the ring D are the inner circle of balls E.
F is the hub or casing. G is the innermost ring of the outer bearing, which is
internally threaded and has a corresponding ring G₁ screwed into it, so that
both rings comprise a substantially V-shaped bearing for the outer series of
balls H, which it will be noticed are entirely separated from each other through
being interposed between each two of the inner series of balls.
It will thus be noted that each ball of each series engages with two of the other
series operating between them, thus holding the balls separated.
The balls it will also be noted all rotate around the axes parallel to the axis
of the hub and axle of the bearings, both series travelling around their respective
circles in the same direction in which the hub revolves. The balls of each
series of course rotate around their axes in an opposite direction to those of other
series and it will be observed that the proper relationship in size of all parts at

page_text: their points of contact one with the other is simply a matter of mathematical cor-
rectness and the maintenance of such relationship a simple matter of adjustment
hence it will be seen that I produce a bearing free from a rubbing friction.
In the roller form of my invention it will be seen that the groove in the ring D¹
is rectangular in cross section and the inner set of rollers E¹ are provided with
central flanges e¹, which run in the grooves on the inside, the major portion of the
roller on each side being supported by the edge of the ring on each side of the
groove and by the.inwardly extending flange c² and c³ of the discs C³ and C³, which
are suitably attached or form part of the axle A. The outer series of rollers H¹
are also provided with a central flange h, which runs in a groove in the outer
bearing. The rollers Hit will be noticed are necessarily wider than the rollers D¹
and rotate between the inner periphery of the ring G2 and the outer periphery of
the discs C and C³. Suitable rings G3 and G4 internally threaded are fastened in
place upon the threaded periphery of the ring G².
It will be noticed that the trunnions or reduced portion of the rollers form
their principal bearings while the disc portion prevent contact with any other of
their series, thus it will be seen that no rubbing can occur between rolling parts
or that which they roll upon as all are properly related as to size.
This form of my invention admits of much modification, for instance the discs
parts of the rollers may be at one end of the trunnion parts, or the trunnions
may extend from but one side of the discs, or other devices for the purpose of
better accomplishing the ends in view may be devised without departing from the
principle involved in my invention.
From this description it will be seen that my construction of bearings prac!
tically advantageous. Each ball of the ball form has four points of bearing to
share the load pressure, my form of bearing may also be readily adjusted and
adapted to different devices or applicances in which any number or size of rolling
devices might be employed. The bearing may be of any size properly propor-
tioned, and I find in practice that such a bearing does not require lubrication and
is thus free from its consequent uncleanliness and will run at all times much easier
than bearings requiring the use of oil.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. An anti-friction bearing comprising a shaft or axle, an annulus or ring sur-
rounding and free from said shaft, a pair of discs provided with annular face
projections adjacent to each other and a series of anti-friction rollers located
between the annular face projections and the ring and supporting such ring clear
of the shaft as and for the purpose specified.
2. An anti-friction bearing comprising shaft or axle, an annulus or ring sur-
rounding and free from said shaft, a pair of discs provided with annular projec-
tions adjacent to each other and a series of anti-friction rollers located between
the annular face projections and the ring and supporting such ring clear of the
shaft, opposing annular bearing surfaces formed outside of the annular projec-
tions, a series of rollers located circumferentially outside such bearing surfaces
and a divided ring located outside of the discs and forming an exterior bearing
surface for the outer series of rollers as and for the purpose specified.
3. An anti-friction bearing comprising a shaft, an annulus surrounding a
portion of said shaft but not engaging therewith, said annulus being formed of
one piece or pieces adjustably threaded together longitudinally of the shaft,
which it surrounds, balls engaging on said annulus an outer series of balls
engaging with the inner balls, a ring surrounding the shaft and having a bearing
for the outer balls, and a cap connected to said ring and also having a bearing
for the outer balls as and for the purpose specified.
4. An anti-friction bearing comprising a shaft, an outwardly extending flange
on said shaft having exterior and interior bearing surfaces for balls, a disc sup-

page_text: ported on the shaft and having bearing surfaces corresponding to those of the
flanges for said balls, an annulus surrounding the shaft between the flange and
disc, balls engaging with and supported by said annulus and the interior bear-
ing surfaces of the flange and disc, outer balls engaging with the first named balls
and with the exterior bearing surfaces of the flange and disc, and a casing engag-
ing with said outer balls as and for the purpose specified.
5. An anti-friction bearing comprising a shaft or axle, an outwardly extending
flange on said shaft or axle, a disk on a portion of the shaft or axle, there being
a space between the flange and disc, a grooved annulus in said space but free
from the shaft or axle, balls engaging in the groove of the annulus, the balls being
within the space mentioned, an outer series of balls engaging with the first named
series and with the peripheries of the flange and disc, a ring surrounding the shaft
or axle but free therefrom, the said ring having a raceway or bearing surface for
the outer balls, and a cap adjustable relatively to the ring, said cap also having a
raceway or bearing surface for the outer balls as and for the purpose specified.
Dated the 13th day of June 1898.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.