Year: 1886

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention a communication to me
from abroad by La Compagnie Française du Celluloid, of Paris, France to be as
follows:
This Invention relates to the manufacture of scarves and neckties of celluloid, in
imitation of fabrics of all colors or patterns. To this end, the celluloid, in thin
flexible sheets, is cut up into strips of the desired size, from which the necktie is
made, either in one or more pieces, in the same manner as when the ordinary
material is used; or strips of celluloid of greater substance may be cut out, and
moulded, or embossed, of the desired form, to imitate the plaits and undulations of
a fabric; or a piece of celluloid of suitable substance may be cut out and moulded
or embossed of a shape to imitate a made up pin-scarf; the several thicknesses of
material being simulated by producing reliefs and depressions in the surface; or
several strips of celluloid, each moulded or embossed of the desired form, may be
superposed so as to produce a scarf of this kind.
The following is the process employed for the manufacture of scarves of all
kinds from celluloid ;-The celluloid, whether in sheets or cut up into strips,
is first colored, by the ordinary means employed for coloring this material, in
imitation of fabrics in plain colors, or printed in patterns, which, in some cases,
combine with the moulded or embossed material to reproduce, not only the effects
of light and shade of the colors, but also of the threads, such as they appear in
certain figured, damask, and embroidered, fabrics, etc. Instead of making scarves
from celluloid only, linen, cotton, or other fabrics coated with celluloid on one or
both faces may be employed, the same operations of moulding or embossing,
coloring, printing, etc, being performed as before.
Instead of moulding or embossing the strips of celluloid to imitate the plaits and
undulations of the fabric, they may be passed between rollers one, or both, of which
is, or are, engraved so as to reproduce upon the surface of the celluloid imitations
Price 6d1

page_text: of the threads, plaits, thicknesses of material, or other effects desired for producing
exact imitations of scarves made of woven fabrics. The roller, or rollers, may be
engraved by the ordinary processes of engraving metals, or the rollers may be plain
and have a copper plate applied thereon bearing an exact reproduction in relief of
the surface of the fabric to be imitated, engraved or otherwise produced. In
embossing the celluloid by means of rollers as described heat may be employed
if desired in order to obtain more perfect and durable effects Scarves made of
celluloid as described constitute a novel industrial product ranking with the
celluloid imitations of linen now used. These improved scarves possess the advan-
tage of wearing a much longer time than silk, or satin, fabrics etc; moreover the
freshness of color and perfect cleanliness are retained throughout, as the colors
incorporated in the celluloid are better fixed than in the best dyed fabrics, and any
stains can be instantly removed by washing and wiping without the liability of
putting the scarf out of shape.

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication to me
from abroad by La Compagnie Française du Celluloid, of Paris, France), and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of what are known as " made up"
scarves and neckties of celluloid, in imitation of fabrics of various colors and
patterns. To this end, the celluloid, in thin flexible sheets, is cut up into strips or
pieces of the desired size and shape, of one or more which pieces, the necktie is
made up in the same manner as when the ordinary material is used; or strips
of celluloid of greater substance may be cut out, and moulded, or embossed, of the
desired form to imitate the plaits and undulations of the fabric; or a single piece
of celluloid of suitable thickness may be cut out and moulded or embossed of a
shape to imitate a "made-up" pin-scarf; the several thicknesses of material being
simulated by producing reliefs and depressions in the surface, or by superposing
several strips of celluloid, each moulded or embossed of the desired form.
These modes of making up the scarf or nectie are, however, merely cited as
examples of some of the various modes of procedure.
The following is the process employed for the manufacture of scarves of all kinds
from celluloid:-The celluloid, whether in sheets or cut up into strips, is first
colored, or dyed (by the ordinary means employed for coloring this material) in
imitation of fabrics in plain colors, or is printed in patterns, which, in some cases,
combine with the embossing or moulding of the material to reproduce, not only the
effects of light and shade of the colors, but also of the threads, as they appear in
certain figured, damask, and embroidered fabrics, etc.
Instead of making the scarves of sheets of celluloid only, linen, cotton, or other
fabrics coated with celluloid on one or both faces may be employed, the same
operations of moulding or embossing, coloring, printing, etc, being performed as
before. Instead of moulding or embossing the sheets of celluloid to imitate the
plaits and undulations of the fabric, they may be passed between rollers, one or
both of which is, or are, engraved so as to reproduce upon the surface of the
celluloid imitations of the threads, plaits, thicknesses of material, or other effects
desired for producing exact imitations of scarves made of woven fabrics. The
roller, or rollers, may be engraved by the ordinary processes of engraving metals,
or the rollers may be plain, and covered with copper upon which an exact
counterpart of the surface of the fabric to be imitated is produced by engraving,
etching, or electrodeposition. It will be understood that in embossing the celluloid
by means of rollers as described, heat would be employed in order to obtain more
perfect and durable effects.
Scarves made of celluloid as described constitute a novel commercial article
ranking with the celluloid imitations of linen now used.

page_text: These improved cravats wear longer than those made of silk, or satin fabrics etc,
and they retain their freshness of color throughout, as the colors incorporated in
the celluloid are faster than those of the best dyed fabrics, and when soiled they
can be cleaned by washing and wiping without the liability of putting the cravat
or scarf out of shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1st. The manufacture of "made-up" scarves or cravats from one or more pieces
of sheet celluloid, or from one or more pieces of linen, cotton or other fabric coated
with celluloid on one or both faces, the said pieces being moulded or embossed and
colored, or printed in patterns to imitate the color, pattern, form, and surface
appearance of cravats made of plain or figured fabrics as herein before described.
2nd. As a new commercial article, n made-up" scarf or cravat formed of
celluloid, in exact imitation of woven fabric and capable of being cleaned by
washing without injury to its appearance, as specified.