Improvements in Hollow or Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 6th June, 1893-Accepted, 22nd July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hollow or Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes and
other Vehicles.
I, PAUL AUBRY of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, France, Silk Merchant do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in hollow or pneumatic tyres for velocipedes
and other vehicles the object being to prevent deterioration and perforation by
coming in contact with pointed or cutting objects.
For this purpose the pneumatic tube is protected by a band or web adapted to
cover that portion which bears on the ground and which is liable to become
injured.
These
This band is formed of a number of layers of woven materials or tissues having
extremely close meshes, for example silk fabrics as satin, faille," pongis."
materials are arranged with the wrong side next the ground. The satin faille or
other silk fabric may be arranged in one or more layers, next to an intermediate
layer of "pongis" forming a kind of mattress, and the band being completed by the
addition of one or more bands of satin, faille or other silk fabric. The intermediate
layer may however be dispensed with.
The layers are fastened or cemented together with caoutchouc solution or
otherwise, and are enclosed in an envelope of linen ticking or drill sewn at the
edges.
The band is placed upon the pneumatic tube being kept in position by any
suitable means, it may be for instance by loops or keepers of caoutchouc fastened
by means of caoutchouc on to the pneumatic tube, thereby allowing great freedom
to the band.
The pneumatic tube together with its protective device is covered with an
ordinary envelope or tread which bears directly upon the ground. Although I
have described a tyre covering formed of silk fabric, I would have it understood
that any other suitable fabric of very fine texture may be employed.
Dated this 5th day of December 1809
P. AUBRY,
By L. W., per F. B.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hollow or Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes and
other Vehicles.
I, PAUL AUBRY, of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, France, Silk Merchant do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in hollow or pneumatic tyres for velocipedes
and other vehicles, the object being to prevent deterioration and perforation of such
tyres by their coming in contact with pointed or cutting objects.
For this purpose the air tube is protected by a band adapted to cover that portion
thereof that is nearest the ground and is liable to become injured. This band is
formed of a number of layers of textile fabric or woven materials or tissues having
exceedingly close meshes, for example silk fabrics, such as satin, "faille" and
"pongis"; these materials being arranged with the wrong side outermost or

page_text: towards the ground. The satin, faille or other silk fabric may be arranged in one
or more layers next to an intermediate layer of "pongis" forming a sort of mattress
or cushion, the band being completed by the addition of one or more bands of satin,
faille, or other silk fabric. The intermediate layer may however be dispensed
with.
The layers are fastened together with caoutchouc solution or otherwise, and are
enclosed in an envelope of linen ticking or drill sewn at the edges.
In the case of a single entire band, that is to say a single length forming the
whole circumference, it is simply placed upon the air tube and is maintained thereon
simply by caoutchouc loops or keepers attached to it at their ends.
The air tube and its protector are enclosed in an ordinary outer cover that rests
directly on the ground.
When the band is formed of a number of layers in short lengths these are con-
structed substantially in the same manner as a band composed of layers of such a
length as to extend entirely around the air tube and are arranged one after the
other around the said air tube, each set slightly overlapping the adjacent ones after
the manner of tiles, in the direction most suitable to the motion of the wheel. These
layers arranged as regards the woven material, like an entire band, are attached by
means of a solution of caoutchouc, either to an exterior india rubber band serving
to unite them together, or to the interior of the ordinary outer cover that rests
directly on the ground and in which the whole is enclosed.
In the annexed drawings,
Fig. 1 is a transverse section of a tyre provided with a protective band according
to my invention.
B is the air tube. A is the protective band formed of layers of textile material
each sufficiently long to extend around the whole circumference; or the band may
be formed of a number of layers composed of short lengths of material. d is ticking
enveloping the band. a is the outer length which is of silk, c the inner length
also of silk, and 6 the intermediate lengths of pongis. D is the outer cover of
the tyre.
Fig. 2 is a view of Fig. 1 with the outer cover D partly removed. A is the
protective band, B the air tube, d' the caoutchouc loops or keepers maintaining the
band in position. The ends of these loops or keepers are attached by caoutchouc
solution either to the exterior of the air tube B or to the interior of the outer
cover D.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section showing a protective band made up of a number
of short lengths which are secured to the interior of a band a' of india rubber.
B is the air tube and D the outer cover.
Fig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 3 but in which the short lengths of textile
material are fixed direct to the interior of the outer cover D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A pneumatic tyre in which the air tube is protected against puncture by silk
or other textile fabric such for examples as satin faille" and "pongis" having
exceedingly close meshes, which is thin and flexible, and which is capable of
offering considerable resistance to puncture by sharp or cutting bodies, the said silk
or other fabric being arranged around the air tube so that this tube will form
therefor a flexible support that will yield to pressure exerted upon the silk or other
resisting textile fabric by a sharp or cutting body and thereby prevent puncture of
such fabric substantially as described.
2. A pneumatic tyre constructed with a protective band composed of textile
fabric of the kind referred to in the preceding claim, the said band being composed
of layers of fabric of a length such as to extend around the air tube, or of a number
of short lengths of fabric arranged to overlap each other and combined by solution

page_text: with a strip of india rubber or in the form of an independent band arranged between
the air tube and the outer cover, or with the inner side of the outer cover of the
tyre substantially as described.
3. Pneumatic tyres constructed substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 6th day of June 1893
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per W. Cross,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.