Improved Lining for Pneumatic Bicycle Tires.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Lining for Pneumatic Bicycle Tires.
1, GEORGE CHARLES MOORE of No. 1 Railroad Avenue, Easthampton, State
of Massachusetts, United States of America, Weaver, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object to provide an improved fabric which is specially
adapted for use as a lining for pneumatic tires for bicycles, and more particularly
to provide a lining of that class which is open at its inner side where the separated
edges may be joined either by a lacing or may be attached to the rim of the
bicycle by wires around which the edges may be wrapped to secure them in place.
In carrying my invention into effect I weave or otherwise form a double fabric
which when folded upon itself may be said to be U-shaped in cross-section, this
fabric being so made as to be longer on the line of the fold than at the opposite or
free edges, so that it will naturally assume a continuous and gradual curve in the
direction of its length, and thus a suitable length thereof will form a complete
circle. From this it results that in making up lengths of my improved fabric into
linings for bicycle tires there will be no trouble from puckering of the inner sides
of the open-edged tubes which these linings are intended to form.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 represents a short section of one form of my improved double fabric, and
Fig. 2, is a cross-section thereof.
Fig. 3 represents another form of my improved double fabric, and Fig. 4 is a
cross-section thereof.
Fig. 5 illustrates the use of the form of my invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2,
and Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate the use of the form of my improved fabric shown in
Figs. 3 and 4.
My improved fabric consists of what may be termed two plies or webs a and b
of fabric which may be produced in any suitable way, as by weaving, braiding, or
knitting, but preferably by weaving. These two plies or webs are woven in such
a manner that the outer or curved part c, where the plies or webs are integrally
joined, is longer than the opposite free edges at d, the former thus being convex and
the latter concave, so that the flattened fabrics naturally assume a continuous and
gradual curve in the direction of their lengths and are thus adapted to form a
complete circle.
The outer perimeter e of the fabric is formed longer than the inner perimeter d
thereof by feeding in the warps of the fabric at the outer perimeter slightly faster
than the warps at the inner perimeter are fed in, as by the use of conical take-up
rolls, this difference in the feeding of the warps being gradually varied from the
outer to the inner parts of the fabric. Another manner of weaving this curved
fabric is by using larger warps at the outer perimeter than at the inner perimeter,
and by gradually differentiating the size of the warps to secure the proper curve.
Still another manner of forming my improved fabric with a gradual curve
throughout its length is by incorporating rubber warps with the same, these rubber
warps being placed more closely together at the inner or shorter part of the fabric
than at the outer part thereof.
The inner or shorter edge d may be provided with eyelet holes e woven therein
for the purpose of receiving a lacing by which these edges may be joined when
the fabric is in use as a lining for a bicycle tire.
For use with some classes of bicycles the lining is preferably attached to the
bicycle rim g by means of wires h, and to adapt the fabric to be thus secured in
place it may be provided beyond the shorter edges d with wings i which gradually

page_text: increase in length (lengthwise of the fabric) from the points of joining outward to
the edges of said wings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. A double fabric constructed to form a continuous curve in the direction of
its length and being thus adapted to form a complete circle, the two plies of said
fabric being integrally joined at their outer or convex parts and separated at their
inner perimeter or concave parts and being thus adapted to form à circular tube
open at its inner side.
2nd. The improved fabric of U-shape in cross-section and having a continuous
and gradual curve in the direction of its length, whereby it is adapted to assume
naturally a circular form and is thereby fitted for use in a wheel tire or the like,
the two sides thereof being integrally joined along the outer perimeter to and along
the concave or inner perimeter of the fabric and being thus adapted to form a
circular tube open at its inner side.
3rd. The improved fabric of U-shape in cross-section and having a continuous
and gradual curve in the direction of its length, whereby it is adapted to assume
naturally a circular form and is thereby fitted for use in a wheel tire or the like,
the two sides thereof being integrally joined along the outer perimeter of the fabric
and separated from said outer perimeter to and along the concave side or inner
perimeter of the fabric and thus being adapted to form a circular tube open at its
inner side, the shorter or inner edges of said fabric having projecting wings which
gradually increase in length (lengthwise of the fabric) from the points of joinder
to said edges outward.
Dated this 2nd day of May 1893.
J. E. EVANS-JACKSON & Co.
Agents for the Applicant.