IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINT- INA AND EMBOSSTNA PADED WYMY A www.ma Dr Wange
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Augustus Applegath, of Dartford, in the County
of Kent, Printer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINT-
INA AND EMBOSSTNA PADED WYMY A www.ma Dr Wange"
Sealed the 5th December 1853, and dated the 15th October 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Augustus Applegath
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th October 1853.
I, AUGUSTUS APPLEGATI, of Dartford, in the County of Kent, Printer,
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRINTING AND EMBOSSING PAPER WITH A VIEW TO PREVENT FORGERY" to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the prevention of forgery of bank
notes, bills of exchange, money orders, and other documents which are
now subject to being copied or forged by the process of photography;
and this Invention consists of causing several colors to be applied by
an engraved surface simultaneously in pattern and in register, on the
whole or part of the surface of the paper used for receiving the writing

page_text: or printing of such documents, and I prefer to combine the printing of
the parts, if any be required, of the document with the printing of the
many colored device in one machine; and when the documents are to
be stamped I prefer that the requisite stamping or embossing machinery
should be in combination with the printing machinery. By these means,
altho copies may be taken by photography in one color of the whole
of the printing on a document, the obtaining of a similarly colored
document will be prevented.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of Letters Patent,
filed by the said Augustus Applegath in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
AUGUSTUS APPLEGATI, of-Dartford in the County of Kent, Printer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Augustus Applegath, Her special licence that
T, the said Augustus Applegath, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Augustus Applegath, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
tlierein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRINTING AND EMBOSSING PAPER WITH A VIEW TO PREVENT FORGERY," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Augustus Applegath, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be fileil
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next anil
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Augustus Applegath, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention has for its object the prevention of forgery of bank
notes, bills of exchange, money orders, and other documents which are
now subject to being copied or forged by the process of photography;
and this Invention consists of causing several colors to be applied by
an engraved surface simultaneously, in pattern and in register, on the
whole or part of the surface of the paper used for receiving the writing
or printing of such docunients. And I prefer to combine the printing
of the parts, if any be required, of the document with the printing of
the many colored device in one machine; and when the documents are
to be stamped I prefer that the requisite stamping or embossing
machinery should be in combination with the printing machinery. By
these means, although copies may be taken by photography in one color
of the whole of the printing on a document, the obtaining of a similarly
colored document will be prevented.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, is a side elevation of a machine by which the most
claborate designs and combinations of engraving, both in creux and in
relief, can be printed simultaneusly in various colours, and also with a
reverse impression when required. Figure 2, is an end elevation of
the same. The letters refer to each Figure: A, A, is strong iron
framing;.B. a cylinder having a metallic plate or block upon it
engraved in creux; D, is. its .color box, which may be of the ordinary
form, or divided into compartments to receive different colours, as shewn
in the diagram, Figure 3. C, is the ductor or strip of thin elastic
steel fixed between two bars of iron, which may revolve upon a pin atz
and confined by set screws at y, in the usual manner. The ductor.
scrapes the color off the surface of the plate or block as it revolves,
leaving color only in the engraved parts.
The ink or colourvis to be.

page_text: mixed (not with boiled oil, as in copper plate printing), but with solu-
tions of gums, as usual in calico priuting, or other suitable vehicles
which will not adhere too firmly to the plate or block. E, is the paper
or impressing cylinder. F, is a cylinder having a block or plate in
relief upon it. G, is its color box and vibrating roller of the ordinary
form as used in letter-press machines. I, is a similar cylinder having
another block in relief, and has a colour box also. a, a, a, a, are the
inking rollers, opposite to the blocks in relief; the usual distributing
surfaces are placed upon the cylinders, to which they are attached by
means better shown in diagram, Figure 4. I, I, are guide rollers which
conduct the tapes and paper to and from the impressing cylinder. The
cylinders B, E, F, H, are connected by strong toothed wheels accu-
rately cut or fitted so as to fill at the pitch line; and further to insure
the register, the cylinders may have "tappit" teeth upon them at the
places where the blocks begin to print, as in Figure 5. M, is the heap
of white paper.
The feeder L, L, is of the ordinary construction used in letter-
press book machines. On its drum, which is about te ninches diameter,
and made light, is a toothed segment and arm (w), into which a seg-
ment and wiper t, fixed upon the wheel K, occasionally act, and cause
the feed drum L to revolve a few inches, so that the edge of the sheet
laid upon the feeder may advance towards the endless tapes, and be
drawn by them to the impression cylinder, where, as the sheet revolves,
it becomes printed, first, by the cylinder B, and then by the relief blocks
upon F and I, whence it returns between the tapes to the taker off,
who lays it upon the printed heap at P. The wheel K, turns upon a
pin (s), and is in gear with a small wheel (r) turning upon a pin (p),
the wheel (r) being driven by the wheel on the cylinder E. Whon
identic or a reverse impression at the back is required, a sheet of paper
is supplied at every alternate revolution of the cylinder E, which may
be effected thus:-The wheel K. is removed, and a wheel R is fixed
upon the spindle of the cylinder B, into which a wheel S, made twice
the diameter of R, works upon the pin (o). Upon the wheel S, is a
wiper and segment, which advance the feed drum I, and the sheet of
paper, every other revolution of E, by which an impression of the

page_text: various blocks is given upon the printing pad, so that the next sheet
of paper receives a counter impression at the back from the pad, while
its face is printed by the several blocks; and this identic or reverse im-
pression, combined with a similar impression on the face in varied
colours, will effectually prevent imitation by photography. Embossing
may be performed by sinking a design upon either or both of the
blocks in relief, or by leaving a space where a stamp may be impressed
when the paper is dry. The cylinders may be of any suitable dimen-
sions, and may be used in various ways, as shewn in Figure 6, which
has a copper plate or creux block in combination with four relief
cylinders; or as Figure 7, where a cylinder having a block in creux
acts in perfect register with a letter-press machine, which would be very
useful for printing foreign loan bonds or other lengthened documents.
The forgery of bills of exchange by photography may be prevented
by a light elaborate pattern of different colored fine lines impressed
on the back and face of the paper, so as not to impede or obscure the
writing.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I
make no claim to any of the mechanical parts separately, nor do I
confine myself to the details; but what I claim is the combinations
hercin described.
In witness whercof, I, the said Augustus Applegath, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
AUGS APPLEGATH. (L.S.)