CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING OR DESICCATING MATERIALS OR SUBSTANCES CONTAINING MOISTURE
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Smith, of Bradford, in the County of Lan-
caster, Size Maker, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING OR DESICCATING MATERIALS OR
SUBSTANCES CONTAINING MOISTURE."
Sealed the 25th April 1865, and dated the 11th November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
November 1864.
I, GEORGE SMITH, of Bradford, in the County of Lancaster, Size Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OF APPARATUS FOR DRYING OR DESICCATING. MATERIALS OR.
SUBSTANCES CONTAINING MOISTURE," to be as follows:-
My improvements are designed, first, for the purpose of drying or
desiccating substances containing moisture, for example, such as glue (when.
first extracted from the horns of animals) or any other material requiring a
quick and expeditious drying process.
The apparatus consists of a large chamber or box made perfectly air-tight,
with the exception of certain perforations which are necessary for the inlet and
egress of. air. The interior of this chamber or box is divided into two. or
more parts (if desired) by open vertical framework, to which and to the sides
of the box a series of ledges or supports are attached for open or webbed trays
or platforms containing the material to be dried. On the floor and other
convenient places of the said chamber or box a number of flyers or "fans"
are supported and arranged, the number of which is in accordance with tho

page_text: size of the chamber. The rotation of these fans draws into circulation within
this chamber a mixture of hot and cold air, the current of cold being admitted
through perforations near the ground or base, and hot forced in through per-
forations made in the floor or basement, the circulation and mixture of the
two can be regulated by taps, so as to produce a warm and rapidly circulating
breeze or current of air, which is finally expelled from the roof into the outer
atmosphere.
The hot or rarefied air is obtained by the action of a fan attached to one
end of a pipe or tube, which extends through a furnace in a horizontal
serpentine form, and so on to the chamber or box, where it becomes mixed
with cold air as herein-before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, GEORGE
SMITH, of Bradford, in the County of Lancaster, Size Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said George Smith, Her special license that I, the said George
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said George Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING OR DESICCATING MATERIALS OR
SUBSTANCES CONTAINING MOISTURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said George Smith, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Smith, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My improvements are designed, first, for the purpose of drying or
desiccating substances containing moisture, for example, such as glue (when
first extracted from the horns of animals) or any other material requiring a
quick and expeditious drying process.
The apparatus for drying or desiccating consists of a large chamber or box
made perfectly air-tight, with the exception of certain perforations which are
necessary for the inlet and egress of air. The interior of this chamber or box
is divided into two or more parts (if desired) by open vertical framework, to
which and to the sides of the box a series of ledges or supports are attached:
for open or webbed trays or platforms containing the material to be dried.
On the floor and other convenient places of the said chamber or box a number
of flyers or "fans" are supported and arranged, the number of which is in
accordance with the size of the chamber. The rotation of these "fans".
draws into circulation within this chamber a mixture of hot and cold air, the.
current of cold being admitted through perforations near the ground or base,.
and hot forced in through perforations made in the floor or basement. The
circulation and mixture of the two can be regulated by taps, so as to produce
a warm and rapidly circulating breeze or current of air, which is finally
expelled from the roof into the outer atmosphere.
The hot or rarefied air is obtained by the action of a fan attached to one
end of a pipe or tube which extends through a furnace in a horizontal ser-
pentine form, and so on to the chamber or box, where it becomes mixed with
cold air as herein-before described.
"
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale
of about one inch to the foot, similar. letters of reference being marked upon
corresponding parts of the apparatus.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the drying chambers or box, shewing
one-half with the door removed, in order to exhibit more clearly the interior
arrangement of the drying and heating chambers; Fig. 2 represents a side
view of the same, one-half being shewn as an elevation, the other half being
shewn in section.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a, a, is the chamber or box divided into three compart-
ments b, b, and c, the compartments 6, 6', contain the glue or other material
to be dried, which is placed therein on open webbed trays or platforms
supported on the ledges or projecting ribs d; the middle compartment c is
supplied with steam pipes e, which beat the air in such chamber, from

page_text: whence it is, drawn into the chambers b, b', by the flyers or suction "fans
ff, through the apertures 9, 9; and is caused to circulate therein by being
constantly expelled therefrom into the outer atmosphere through the funnels
or outlets h, h. The flyers or. "fans" fif, are caused to revolve at a high.
velocity by means of; the frictional and bevil gearing i, i, which is driven by.
the strap and pulley k. In hot weather the chamber c may be only partially,
heated or not at all, the air at 'such times being drawn into the chambers b, b',
through the perforations or apertures m. When the machine is at work the:
doors are closed and fastened by the bolts n, thereby preventing the external
atmosphere entering the chambers b, b, to which heated air alone is.
supplied:
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly.
that I claim the general construction, arrangement, and combination of the.
apparatus for drying or desiccating materials or substances containing moisture
as herein-before: described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings,
attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.