Improvements connected with Machinery for Drying Powdered Substances, particularly applicable for the Manufacture of Fruit Salt.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr., 1393-Accepted, 10th June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Machinery for Drying Powdered
Substances, particularly applicable for the Manufacture of Fruit
Salt.
We JAMES CROSSLEY ENO of Pomeroy Street New-Cross S.E. Manufacturing
Chemist, and ROBERT JACKSON of 23 The Gardens Peckham Rye, Surrey S.E.
Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The machinery to which the improvements constituting this invention refer,
consists of a number of plates or aprons attached to an endless chain a number of
these sets of plates arranged in a chamber, the ground or powdered material falling
upon the first set of plates, from which it falls on to the next and so on through the
whole of the sets when it drops into a receptacle from which it is removed in any
convenient manner.
The invention is embodied in the following arrangement-The outer casing of
the drying chamber is formed of an inner iron lining: a layer of asbestos and a
Chains revolve on chain wheels and
wood casing, having entrance for material.
carry hinged plates or aprons. The plates are turned up at their sides and come
under covers or shields fixed to the sides of the chamber to prevent the material as
it falls from band to band entering and clogging the side chain. The plates or
aprons are driven as follows. A lower horizontal shaft (1) is driven by a pulley
this is driven by bevel gearing on vertical shafts (2) and these by bevel gearing,
drive the plates or aprons.
Above the aprons (except the first one) there are
placed shafts (3) extending across the machine provided with a pulley outside the
casing on one end and rotated by a crossed belt from a pulley on the other driven
shaft of the apron; the shafts (3) are driven in an opposite direction to the travel
of the apron and which shafts (3) are provided with arms which may be twisted
and are for the purpose of disturbing the material as it is carried by the aprons:
the rear of these stirrers and above the aprons there is a shaft (4) extending across
the machine and free to rock in bearings. This shaft carries a depending blade
This blade is
and is provided outside the machine with a counter weighted arm.
In
for the purpose of smoothing the material before it passes over the end of the
apron. Instead of the blade carrying shaft (3) another device for stirring the
material may be employed.
This consists of a shaft (5) free to rock and carrying depending arms. This
shaft passes through vertical slots in the outer casing and is to be given a
rising and falling motion by a suitable mechanical device say a cam or eccentric or
the like. The eccentric rod is pivotted to a lever mounted on a shaft (6) and this
latter shaft extends entirely across the machine and has a similar lever on the other
side and the slotted ends engage with shaft (5) and periodically raise and lower it. A
counter weight is attached to the arms in a downward position. A plate moves in
guides with the shaft (5) to cover the vertical slot. Either the rotating arins on
shaft (3) or the depending arms on shaft (5) may be employed as desired and in all
cases the smoothing blade is required. The material is carried by the aprons to an
opening where it falls into a trough and is carried by an Archimedian screw to a
shoot at one end thereof. The screw may be driven by a worm wheel from a worm
or main driving shaft (1). If preferred the stirrers may be revolving ones.
The numerals occuring in this Specification do not refer to drawings but are used
to distinguish the same parts, from other parts of similar name.
Dated this 16th day of December 1892.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Machinery for Drying Powdered
Substances, particularly applicable for the Manufacture of Fruit
Salt.
We JAMES CROSSLEY ENO of Pomeroy Street New-Cross S.E. Manufacturing
Chemist and ROBERT JACKSON of 23 The Gardens Peckham Rye, Surrey S.E.
Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention refers to special arrangements of machinery to facilitate the
drying of powdered substances being specially designed for use in the manufacture
of fruit salt but is capable of being used in the drying and manufacture of other
powdered substances.
To enable the invention to be properly understood we will proceed to describe the
same with aid of the accompanying drawings in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical section taken through the entire apparatus.
Figure 2 is part of end elevation of the left hand end.
Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 detail views hereafter referred to.
The outer casing of the drying chamber is formed of an inner iron lining A; a
layer of asbestos B, and a wood casing C; a door D may be provided; E is
entrance for material. Endless chains F revolve on chain wheels F' and carry
hinged plates F or aprons having their edge turned up (Fig. 4) which come
under covers or shields G fixed to the sides of the chamber to prevent the material
as it falls from band to band entering and clogging the side chain.
The plates or aprons F¹ are driven as follows:
The lower horizontal shaft H (Figs. 1 and 2) is driven by a pulley H₁ Fig. 2 and
drives by bevel gearing H. Vertical shafts I (Fig. 2) fitted with bevel wheels H
which gear with bevel wheels H³ on the shaft H which drives the chain wheel F'.
Above the aprons (except the first one) there are placed shafts J extending across
the machine provided with a pulley outside the casing on one end and rotated by a
crossed belt from a pulley on a shaft H. The shafts J are driven in an opposite
direction to the travel of the apron these shafts J are provided with arms which
may be twisted and are for the purpose of disturbing the material as it is carried
by the aprons; in the rear of these stirrers and above the aprons there is a shaft L
extending across the machine and free to rock in bearings. This shaft carries a
depending blade L' and is provided outside the machine with a counter-weighted
arm L' on rod L³ keyed to outside of shaft L (Fig. 3). This blade is for
the purpose of smoothing the material before it passes over the end of the apron.
Instead of the blade-carrying shaft J another device for stirring the material may
be employed as is shown in the second row of aprons (Fig. 1). This consists
of a shaft M free to rock and carrying depending blades M¹ (Figs. 3 and 4).
This shaft M passes through vertical slots M' in the outer casing A and is to be
given a rising and falling motion by a suitable mechanical device say a cain,
eccentric, or the like. At (Figs. 3 and 4) a motion for effecting this is shown.
N is an eccentric on the shaft H of one of the chain wheels. The eccentric rod P
is pivotted to a lever P' mounted on a shaft P2 and this latter shaft extends entirely
across the machine and has a similar lever P¹, on the other side and the slotted ends
engage with the shaft M and periodically raise and lower it. Q is a counterweight
attached to the arms M¹ to retain them in a downward position. R is a plate
moving in guides with the shaft M to cover the vertical slot M. Either the
rotating blades on shaft J or the depending blades on shaft M may be employed as
desired and in all cases the smoothing blade L' is required. The material is carried
by the aprons to an opening S (Fig. 1) where it falls into a trough S¹ Figs. 1 and 2
and is carried by an Archimedian screw S' to a shoot S³ at one end thereof. The

page_text: screw may be driven by a worm wheel S Fig. 2 from a worm on main driving
shaft H.
The machinery works as follows:-The material is first passed in at E when it
falls on to the top of the first set of aprons or plates F¹ which carry it along, and
after being smoothed by the blade L' to leave only a layer, it passes over the end
and falls upon the next set of aprons, and so on through the apparatus, being
stirred up more or less at every set of aprons presenting numerous surfaces to the
atmosphere or heated air with which the case A may be charged for drying and
other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improved apparatus for the drying of powdered substances herein before
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. In an apparatus for the purposes described the combination with travelling
aprons, of suitable stirrers for the material, substantially as described and illustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
3. In an apparatus for the purposes described the combination with travelling
aprons, of a smoothing blade L' for the purposes described.
Dated this 2nd day of March 1893.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicants.