An Improved System for Driving Moving Electric Motors or Locomotives in Series.
Year: 1888

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 7th day of May 1891, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Date of Application, 4th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th May, 1889-Accepted, 29th June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved System for Driving Moving Electric Motors or
Locomotives in Series.
I, EDWARD MANVILLE, of 11 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the arrangement of conductors and connections in relation
to a moving electric motor or locomotive travelling thereon, so that a number of
locomotives may be driven in series in their respective sections, by a current which
operates constantly without break and without difference of potential other than that
due to the motor in the various sectional parts of the conductors.
I carry my system into effect as follows:
1
I lay a pair of parallel conductors in sectional lengths throughout the line, over
which the locomotive or locomotives have to travel. The sections are separated by a
small air space and the conductors may be plain open conductors or be subdivided into
bare points connected by insulated cable. The circuit from the generator is made
through the sectional conductors in series and back again to the generator in the
following manner :— -The alternate sections of conductor are connected up permanently
alternately from one parallel to the other in zigzag fashion and in the following
way number one section, to number two section on the opposite parallel: number
two section on the same parallel as the original number one section, to number three
section on the opposite parallel; number three section on the same parallel as number
one section, to number four section on the opposite parallel; and so on, the circuit
being completed between each pair of parallel conductors in any one section, by a
short circuit which is completed through a contact box of any known description
operated electrically or mechanically in a suitable manner by the passing electric
locomotive or train.
Upon the electric locomotive or train entering any section, the short circuit in that
section between the two parallel conductors is broken automatically by the said electric
locomotive or train, and the motor of the said locomotive by means of rubbers upon
the naked parts of the said conductors, takes the place itself of the short circuit
between the two parallel conductors, and is therefore in series in the main current.
An important point in my system is that I arrange the said rubbers to one another
in such a relative position ongitudinally with regard to the motor, and each rubber
of such a form that it his two extreme contact rollers or rubbers with considerable
space between them so that the motor or locomotive in passing the air gaps between
the various sectional conductors makes its own contact from conductor to conductor
and thus takes the place of the short circuit in the next section before it is cut out, and
similarly maintains its contact in passing the said space between the sectional con-
ductors for any desired period whilst the short circuit behind it is being thrown once
more into contact. The time allowed for this operation of catting out the short circuit
ahead and putting in the short circuit behind, will be determined by the space between
the respective rubbers or rollers at the end of each of the aforesaid rubbing contacts
of the motor

page_text: In this way, the successivo substitutions of the motor for the short circuit ahead,
that is being broken, and the substitution of the short circuit behind for the motor on
leaving a section, need not be instantaneously offected, and therefore sufficient time
may be allowed to ensure a constant current through the motor during each substitu-
tion in travelling from section to section, and therefore without sparking, without
intermittent action of the current, and without reversal of the current through the
motor, advantages in electric locomotive driving on sectional conductors which are
obvious.
Should two electric locomotives by accident got on the same section simultaneously.
they will both short circuit between the two conductors, and thus by the division of
the current "in paralle!" at once automatically slacken in speed to prevent danger to
each other and also thereby receiving intimation of the fnet,
The successive short eirenit boxes, automatically operated by the passing electric
locomotive, may be utilised to show signis either by coloured glasses and intern, or
by the usual semaphore, to indicate the presence of 'n train upon the given section and
thus serve to form a block system if properly regarded by the locomotive drivers.
The said short circuits may le conveniently automatically opened and closed by a
double solenoid arrangement receiving an electric current either from an independent
source, or from the main current, the passing locomotive placing these solemaids to
earth, as and when desired, by well known intchanism; but any other convenient
form of circuit break may be used for the purpose,
Dated this 4th day of July 1888.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
An Improved System for Driving Moving Electric Motors or
Locomotives in Series.
I, EDWARD MANVILLE of 11 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London, Electrical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the arrangement of conductors and connections in relation
to a moving electric motor or locomotive travelling thereon, so that a number of
locomotives may be driven in series in their respective sections, by a current which
operates constantly without break and without difference of potential other than that
due to the motor in the various sectional parts of the conductors.
I carry my system into effert as follows:-
I lay a pair of parallel conductors in sectional lengths throughout the line, over
which the locomotive or locomotives have to travel. The sections are separated by a
small air or insulating space and the conductors may be plain open conductors or he
subdivided into bare points connorted by 'nsulated cable. The circuit from the
generator is made through the sectional conductors in series and back again to the
generator in the following manner :-
The alternate sections of conductor are connected up permanently alternately from
one parallel to the other in zigzag fashion and in the following way number one
section, to number two section on the opposite parallel: number two suction on the same
parallel as the original number one section, to number three on the opposite parallel;
number threo section on the same parallel as number one section, to number four
section on the opposite parallel, and so on, tho circuit being completed between each
pair of parallel conductors in any one section, by a short circuit which is completed
ihrough a contact box of any known description operatul electrically or mechanically
in a suitable manner by the passing electric locomotive or train.
Upon the electric locomotive or train entering any sertion, the short circuit in that

page_text: section between the two parallel conductors is broken automatically by the said electric
locomotive or train, and the motor of the said locomotive by means of rubbers upon the
naked parts of the said conductors takes the place itself of the short circuit-between
the two parallel conductors, and is therefore in series in the main current.
An importan
nt in my system is that I arrange the said rubbers to one another
in such a relative baition longitudinally with regard to the motor, an I each rubber of
such a form that it has two extreme contact rollers or rubbers, with preferably con-
siderable space between them, so that the motor or locomotive in passing the air or
insulating gaps between the various sectional conductors makes its own contact from
conductor to conductor, and thus takes the place of the short circuit in the next section
before it is cut out; and similarly maintains its contact in passing the said insulating
space between the sectional conductors, for any desired period, whilst the short circuit
behind it is being thrown once more into contact. The time allowed for this operation
of cutting out the short circuit ahead and putting in the short circuit behind, will he
determined by the space between the respective rubbers or rollers at the end of each
of the aforesaid rubbing contacts of the motor.
In this way, the successive substitutions of the motor for the short circuit ahead,
that is being broken, and the substitution of the short circuit hehind for the motor or
leaving a section, need not bo instantaneously effected, and therefore sufficient time
may be allowed to ensure a constant current through the motor during each substi-
tution in travelling from section to section, and therefore without sparking, without
intermittent action of the current, and without reversal of the current through the
motor, advantages in electric locomotive driving on sectional conductors which are
obvious.
Should two electric locomotives by accident get on the same section simultaneously,
they will both short circuit between the two conductors, and thus by the division of
the current "in parallel" at once automatically slacken in speed to prevent danger to
each other and also thereby receiving intimation of the fact.
The successive short circuit boxes, automatically operated by the passing electric
locomotive, may he utilised to show signals either by coloured glasses and lantern, or
by the usual semaphore, to indicate the presence of a train upon the given section
and thus serve to form a block system if properly regarded by the locomotive
drivers.
The said short circuits may be conveniently automatically opened and closed by a
double solenoid arrangement receiving an electric current either from an independent
source, or from the main current, the passing locomotive placing these solenoids to
earth, as and when desired, by well known mechanism; but any other convenient
form of circuit break may be used for the purpose.
The operation of the switches may be by hand at the stations or terminals of
sections instead of being there operated automatically by the locomotive or train.
In order that this system may be the better understood I now proceed to describe
the same reference being had to the drawings hereanto annexed and to the letters
and figures marked thereon
Figure is a general plan of an "up" and "down" line.
Figure 2 shows large diagrammatic plan of a motor with contact rollers just
entering upon the diagonal cross-over between sections, with the comact ahead A just
closed.
Figure 3 is a diagrammatic plan of a motor with the contact rollers, one of which
has just passed the first break of the diogonal cross-over, the contact A being now
just opening.
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic plan with a motor and contact rollers, of which one
pair have entirely left one part of the prior section, and is about to cross the other
break.
C and D are the two parallel conductors separated into a series of sections which
are alternately connected together by the cross diagonal conductors E (with breaks F
between the two respectively parallel conductors) and by a movable contact B.
The relative disposition of the diagonal breaks F and the parallel conductors C and

page_text: Dand the relative proportion of the rubbing conductor: G of the motor M. are shown
in larger detail in figures 2, 3 and 4.
•
In ligure 2, the contact A ahead of the motor is sad to complete the bridge
aeross from condutors C to D the motor having only just entered with one rubber G
upon the first break in the lower conductor D. The current passes from the
conductor through the motor to the opposite coniuctor D by the cross over
conductor E to the next opposite conductor As however the fi- 3 lower rubber G
travels on to the second lower conductor 1) figure 3, te contact A commences to
break by a step roller H, or other convenient means, to cause the breakage of the
contact mechanically, or to operate a switch which shall in operation an electro
magnet K, to attract an armature, and thereby break t contact in the switch A.
The current now passes from the first conductor ('thron h the motor direct to the
second lower conductor 1) the cross-over conductor and he switch A. being cut out.
As the upper rubbers cross the latter break in the up or condnetor ( (figure 4),
contact is still maintained with the conductor C of the last section by the latter
rubber of the upper pair, whilst the now contact with the second upper section (is
also ling made by the first upper rubber, until the latter upper rubber has passed tho
break. During this period the contact R, figure 1. which fits been open behind the
motor so long as it was travelling between the first pair of conductors and Dis now
closed conveniently and automatically by the step rail L before the motor has entirely
left the said svetion C. Now that the motor luns passed the brakes F on to the
second section it form a bridge between the second pair of parallel conductors Cand
D and is thus in series in the main current, the contact & remaining open until the
motor commences to leave the second section, the contact A having then become the
rearward contact B and is then duly closed as before described.
117
Hasing now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I doclare that what I
elaim-is-4-mm aurus that the protagoment of a conductor for chictrical traction in
alternate zigz yg sectional parts so that a part of each sectional conductor lies parallel to
a part of the sertional conductors immediately precoding and j'Malay it, the connection
being made by electrical contacts or by the passing ano ya subs it te th refor, to place
the parallel conductors and the motor in series, is already known and I do not desire to
claim the arrangement of conductors employed by me to cari out my invention but I
declare that what I claim is:—
1st. In a system of traction by electricity, the arrangement of the main conductor
in alternate zigzag sectional parts overlapping one another, so that a part of each
sectional conductor lies parallel to a part of the sectional conductors immediately
preceding and following it, the connection being made by mechanically operated contact
boxes to place the said parallel conductors in series, substituted for by the motor as it
passes, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2nd. In such a system of traction by electricity the relative diagonal disposition of
the breaks between sections to the construction and longth of the rubber contacts
carried by the locomotive, so as to effect its passage from section to section without
break or difference of potential, other than that due to the motor in the various
sectional parts of the conductors, substantially as described.
Brd. In such a systom of traction by electricity, the adaption of the utilization of the
mechanical movement of the contuct or switch apparatus for giving warning signals to
the opening and closing apparatus whereby the driver of why the car or teemotive
may have due notice motor as to the position of the proceding car or train, substantially
as described.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: operate alike on these isl:
the Old World and the ]
south in the east and in
*
Among the points to w
the altered fatality of cer
ages; the great saving of li
increased mortality at the
the heads of cancer, heart
diseases of the lungs; t
fever, and of phthisis or
a

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th May, 1889-Accepted, 29th June, 1889
An Improved System for Driving Moving Electric Motors or
Locomotives in Series.
I, EDWARD MANVILLE, of 11 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the arrangement of conductors and connections in relation
to a moving electric motor or locomotivo travelling thereon, so that a number of
locomotives may be driven in series in their respective sections, by a current which
operates constantly without break and without difference of potential other than that
due to the motor in the various sectional parts of the conductors.
I carry my system into effect as follows
I lay a pair of parallel conductors in sectional lengths throughout the line, over
which the locomotive or locomotives liave to travel. The sections are separated by a
small air space and the conductors may be plain open conductors or be subdivided into
baro points connected by insulated cable. The circuit from the generator is made
through the sectional conductors in series and back again to the generator in the
following manner :-The alternate sections of conductor are connected up permanently
alternately from one parallel to the other in zigzag fashion and in the following
way number one section, to number two section on the opposite parallel; number
two section on the same parallel as the original number one section, to number three
section on the opposite parallel; number three section on the same parallel as number
one section, to number four section on the opposite parallel; and so on, the circuit
being completed between each pair of parallel conductors in any one section, by a
short circuit which is completed through a contact box of any known description
operated electrically or mechanically in a suitable manner by the passing electric
locomotive or train.
Upon the electric locomotive or train entering any section, the short circuit in that
section between the two parallel conductors is broken automatically by the said electric
locomotive or train, and the motor of the said locomotive by means of rubbers upon
the naked parts of the said conductors, takes the place itself of the short circuit
between the two parallel conductors, and is therefore in series in the main current.
An important point in my system is that I arrange the said rubbers to one another
in such a relative position longitudinally with regard to the motor, and each rubber
of such a form that it has two extreme contact rollers or rubbers with considerable
space between them so that the motor or locomotive in passing the air gaps between
the various sectional conductors makes its own contact from conductor to conductor
and thus takes the place of the short circuit in the next section before it is cut out, and
similarly maintains its contact in passing the said space between the sectional con-
ductors for any desired period whilst the short circuit behind it is being thrown once
more into contact. The time allowed for this operation of cutting out the short circuit
ahead and putting in the short circuit behind, will be determined by the space between
the respective rubbers or rollers at the end of each of the aforesaid rubbing contacts
of the motor.
In this way, the successive substitutions of the motor for the short circuit ahead,
that is being broken, and the substitution of the short circuit behind for the motor on
leaving a section, need not be instantaneously effected, and therefore sufficient time
may be allowed to ensure a constant current through the motor during each substitu-
tion in travelling from section to section, and therefore without sparking, without
intermittent action of the current, and without reversal of the current through the
motor, advantages in electric locomotive driving on sectional conductors which are
obvious.

page_text: Should two electric lecomotives by accident get on the same section simultaneously,
they will both short circuit between the two conductors, and thus by the division of
the current "in parallel" at once automatically slacken in speed to prevent danger to
each other and also thereby receiving intimation of the fact.
The successive short circuit boxes, automatically operated by the passing electric
locomotive, may be utilised to show signals either by coloured glasses and lantern, or
by the usual semaphore, to indicate the presence of a train upon the given section and
thus serve to form a block system if properly regarded by the locomotive drivers.
The said short circuits may be conveniently automatically opened and closed by a
double solenoid arrangement receiving an electric current either from an independent
souren, or from the main current, the passing locomotive placing these solenoids to
earth, as and when desired, by well known mechanism; but any other convenient
form of circnit break may be used for the purpose.
Dt:
CT TUOU
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victorin Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved System for Driving Moving Electric Motors or
Locomotives in Series.
1, EDWARD MANVILLE of 11 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London, Electrical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
-
My invention relates to the arrangement of conductors and connections in relation
to a moving electric motor or locomotive travelling thereon, so that a number of
locomotives may be driven in series in their respective sections, by a current which
operates constantly without break and without difference of potential other than that
due to the motor in the various sectional parts of the conductors.
I carry my system into effect as follows:-
I lay a pair of parallel conductors in sectional lengths throughout the line, over
which the locomotiva or locomotives have to travel. The sections are separated by a
small air or insulating space and the conductors may be plain open conductors or be
subdivided into hare points connected by insulated cable. The circuit from the
generator is made through the sectional conductors in series and back again to the
generator in the following manner :—
The alternate sections of conductor are connected up permanently alternately from
one parallel to the other in zigzag fashion and in the following way :-number one
section, to number two section on the opposite parallel: number two section on the same
parallel as the original number one section, to number three on the opposite parallol;
number three section on the same parallel as number one section, to number four
section on the opposite parallel, and so on, the circuit being completed between ench
pair of parallel conductors in any one section, by a short circuit which is completed
through a contact box of any known description operated electrically or mechanically
in a suitable manner by the passing electric locomotive or train.
Upon the electric locomotive or train entering any section, the short circuit in that
section between the two parallel conductors is brokon automatically by the said electric
locomotivo or train, and the motor of the said locomotive hy means of rubbers upon the
naked purts of the said conductors takes the place itself of the short circuit-between
the two parallel conductors, and is therefore in series in the main current.
An important point in my system is that I arrange tho said rubbers to one another
in such a relative position longitudinally with regard to the motor, and each rubber of
such a form that it has two extreme contact rollers or rubbers, with preferably con-
siderable space between them, so that the motor or locomotive in passing the air or
insulating gaps between the various sectional conductors makes its own contact from
conductor to conductor, and iļļus takes the place of the short circuit in the next section

page_text: before it is cut out; and similarly maintains its contact in passing the said insulating
space between the sectional conductors, for any desired period, whilst the short circuit
behind it is being thrown once more into contact. The time allowed for this operation
of cutting out the short circuit ahead and putting in the short circuit behind, will be
determined by the space between the respective rubbers or rollers at the end of each
of the aforesaid rubbing contacts of the motor.
In this way, the successive substitutions of the motor for the short circuit ahead,
that is being broken, and the substitution of the short circuit behind for the motor or
leaving a section, need not be instantaneously effected, and therefore sufficient time
may be allowed to ensure a constant current through the motor during each substi-
tution in travelling from section to section, and therefore without sparking, without
intermittent action of the current, and without reversal of the current through the
motor, advantages in electric locomotive driving on sectional conductors which are
obvions.
Should two electric locomotives by accident get on the same section simultaneously,
they will both short circuit between the two conductors, and thus by the division of
the current "in parullol" at once automatically slacken in speed to prevent danger to
each other and also thereby receiving intimation of the fact.
The successive short circuit boxes, automatically operated by the passing electric
locomotive, may be utilised to show signals either by coloured glasses and lantern, or
by the usual semaphore, to indicato the presence of a train upon the given section
and thus serve to form a block systein if properly regarded by the locomotive
drivers.
The said short circuits may be conveniently automatically opened and closed by a
double solenoid arrangement receiving an electric current either from an independent
source, or from the main current, the passing locomotive placing theso solenoids to
earth, as and when desired, by well known mechanism; but any other convenient
form of circuit break may be used for the purpose.
The operation of the switches may be by hand at the stations or terminals of
sections instead of being there operated automatically by the locomotive or train.
In order that this system may be the better understood I now proceed to describo
the same reference being had to the drawings hereunto annexed and to the letters
and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a general plan of an "up" and "down" line.
Figure 2 shows large diagrammatic plan of a motor with contact rollers just
entering upon the diagonal cross-over between sections, with the contact ahead A just
closerl.
Figure 3 is a diagranimatic plan of a motor with the contact rollers, one of which
has just passed the first break of the diagonal cross-over, the contact A being now
just opening.
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic plan with a motor and contact rollers, of which one
pair have entirely left one part of the prior section, and is about to cross the other
break.
C and D are the two parallel conductors separated into a series of sections which
are alternately connected together by the cross diagonal conductors E (with breaks F
between the two respectively parallel conductors) and by a movable contact B.
The relative disposition of the diagonal breaks F and the parallel conductors and
D and the relative proportion of the rubbing conductors G of the motor M are shown
in larger detail in figures 2, 3 and 4.
In figure 2, the contact A ahead of the motor is closed to complete the bridge
across from conductors C to D the motor having only just entered with one rubber G
npon the first break in the lower conductor D. The current passes from the
conductor C through the motor to the opposite conductor D by the cross over
conductor E to the next opposite conductor C. As however the first lower rubber G
travels on to the second lower conductor D figure 3, the contact A commences to
break by a step roller H, or other convenient means, to cause the breakage of the
contact mechanically, or to operate a switch which shall set in operation an electro

page_text: magnet K, to attract an armature, and thereby break the contact in the switch A.
The current now passes from the first conductor (through the motor direct to the
second lower conductor D the cross-over conductor E and the switch A being cut out.
As the upper rubbers cross the latter break in the upper conductor C (ligure 4),
contact is still maintained with the conductor of the last section by the latter
rubber of the upper pair, whilst the new contact with the second upper section C is
also being made by the first upper rubber, until the latter upper rubber has passed the
break. During this period the contart R, figure 1, which has been open behind the
motor so long as it was travelling between the first pair of conductors C and D) is now
closed conveniently and automatically by the step rail 1. before the motor has entirely
left the said section (. Now that the motor has passed the brakes F on to the
second section it forms a bridge between the second pair of parallel conductors and
D and is thus in series in the main current, the contact A remaining open until the
motor commences to leave the second section, the contact A having then become the
rearward contact B and is then duly closed as before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. In a system of traction by electricity, the arrangement of the main conductor
in alternate zigzag sectional parts overlapping one another, so that a part of each
sectional conductor lies parallel to a part of the sectional conductors immediately
preceling and following it, the connection being made by contact boxes to place the
said parallel conductors in series, substituted for by the motor as it passes, substantially
as and for the purposes descr.bed.
2nd. In such a system of traction by electricity the relative diagonal disposition of
the breaks between sections to the construction and length of the rubber contacts
carried by the locomotive, so as to effect its passage from section to section without
break or difference of potential, other than that due to the motor in the various
sectional parts of the conductors, substantially as described.
Brd. In such a system of traction by electricity, the adaption of warning signals to
the opening and closing apparatus whereby the driver of any car or locomotive may
have due notice us to the position of the preceding car or train, substantially as
described.
14
1
CA
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.