Improvements relating to Steam Generators.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1899 -Accepted, 29th July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Steam Generators.
I, KENNEDY PARK, of No. 46, Antrim Street, Cambridge, in the County of
Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to steam boilers and generators of tubular construction,
a plurality of tubes being arranged over the fire-box and connected at their ends
with headers which communicate with the steam and water drums.
The invention has for its object to provide a steam-generator of this type,
which shall be of compact construction, the tubes being of such length as to
enable the apparatus to be conveniently used on steam-yachts and other navigable
vessels, the generator being at the same time constructed so as to utilize as fully
as possible the efficiency of the fire.
The invention consists in the improvements which I will now proceed to
describe and claim.
Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,―
Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a steam-generator embodying my
invention, a part of the casing being removed.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section of a portion of the steam-drum.
Fig. 1 shows a section on line 1-1, Fig. 1^.
Fig. 2 represents a section on line 2-2, Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 represents a section on line 3-3, Fig. 2.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
a represents the grate, and a a¹ the fire-doors of the fire-box. represents
the bridge-wall which forms the rear end of the fire-box. cccc represent
inclined tubes located above the grate, the forward portions of said tubes being
separated by spaces through which the products of combustion pass upwardly
to the chamber or space above said tubes. A vertical wall or baffle-plate e
extends from the top of the bridge-wall across the series of tubes and to the
space or chamber where said wall terminates, the wall e forming a barrier
between the space over the fire-box surrounding the front portions of the tubes c,
and a corresponding, although preferably shorter space surrounding the rear
portions of the tubes and extending from the rear portion of the chamber d down-
wardly to a space or chamber below the rear portions of the tubes and behind
the bridge-wall b. The front and rear ends of the tubes c c are inserted in front
leaders and rear headers f¹, the headers f collectively forming a front wall
and the headers f' a rear wall. The upper ends of the headers are connected
by tubes with the steam-drum g, while the upper ends of the headers f¹ are
connected by tubes with said steam-drum, the tubes fentering the drum g
at a higher level than the tubes f, so that the steam and hot water which are
caused by the inclination of the tubes c c¹ to flow upwardly into the headers f
and pass from thence into the steam-drum at or above the water level of the
latter, while the water from the lower portion of the steam-drum flows down-
D
077

page_text: wardly through the tubes into the headers f¹ and into the lower ends of tho
tubes c c¹.
h represents a water-drum located below and connected with the lower ends
of the headers f, said drum being connected by horizontal conduits and vertical
conduits, with the lower portion of the steam-drum g.
The products of combustion pass upwardly between the forward portion of the
tubes into the space or chamber d, an inclined baffle-plate e forming, an
extension of the wall e causing the products to pass into the forward portion of
said chamber d, as indicated by arrows in Figure 2. The products of combustion
pass through the chamber d, over the baffle-plate e¹, across the upper end of the
wall e, and pass downwardly between the rear portions of the tubes c¹ and c,
to the chamber d. The end portions of the space or chamber communicate
with vertical flues or uptakes i i.(Figure 3) between the vertical walls or parti-
tions and the end portions of the external casing, said partitions ;; being
located between the rear portions of the tubes c c¹ and the end portions 1. The
said flues or uptakes ii extend from the chamber to the ends of a supplemental
chamber m formed by a casing m located above the series of tubes at the rear
side of the steam-drum, as shown in Figure 2. The escape-flue or stack o extends
from the upper portion of the chamber m', and in said chamber is located a feed-
water heater composed of a connected series of tubes having suitable connections
at one end with a source of water supply, and at the other end with the steam-
drum g. To afford space for the said vertical flues or uptakes ii, two headers fl
are omitted from the ends of the series of rear headers, and the tubes c c that
would have entered the omitted headers f' are connected with vertical headers 20,
which are located beside the conduits i and are connected with the steam-drum.
It will be seen that the described construction causes the products of com-
bustion, after passing upwardly between the forward portions of the tubes e c¹,
pass downwardly between the rear portions of said tubes, and then pass through
the feed-water heater before escaping, the entire arrangement being such that
economy of space and an economical use of the fuel are obtained. This generator
is well adapted for use on sea-going vessels of small size, such as steam-yachts,
owing to its compact form.
to
It is obvious that the arrangement may be such that the products of com-
bustion will pass downwardly through the flues from the chamber d to the
chamber, and then upwardly between the rear portions of the tubes c c to
the chamber m², and through the feed-water heater. I do not consider the last-
mentioned arrangement, however, so desirable as that first described, it being
obviously more advantageous to pass the products of combustion directly from
the chamber d downwardly between the rear portions of the tubes c and c, and
then upwardly to the feed-water heater.
The vertical headers 10 which take the places of the omitted headers f¹ serve
also to support the steam-drum, and as the conduits extend from the lowest
portion of the steam-drum, and are connected by the conduits with the water-
drum, a flow of water from the steam-drum to the water-drum is insured, so
long as any water remains in the steam-drum.
The conduits are connected with the steam-drum by means of flanges
formed on the tubes, and bolts passing through said flanges into the steam-
drum. To insure a tight joint, the sleeve or nipple is expanded in the orifice
formed in the steam-drum to connect it with the conduit, said orifice being
smaller than the interior of said conduit. The sleeve extends into the con-
duit, and is expanded against the inner surface of the latter, the conduit being
preferably provided with an internally projecting annular seat against which
the outer portion of the sleeve is expanded. This connection may be applied
to other parts of the apparatus; for example, where the headers f¹ join the
water-drum h.
The wall or partition e may be formed by inserting suitably shaped sections
of fire-brick between the tubes c c c c¹. Or said wall may be hollow and formed

page_text: as a water-leg, its interior communicating with the said tubes, in which case
the wall may be composed of a series of headers like the headers for f¹, and the
tubes instead of extending continuously across the bridge-wall, would each be
made in two parts or sections, expanded into the headers forming the well c. The
walls or partitions jj may also be made by inserting sections of fire-brick between
the outer vertical rows of tubes at the rear of the wall e.
The steam-drum is preferably provided internally with transverse semi-parti-
tions or baffle-plates gl extending from the bottom partly to the top of the drum,
said baffle-plates being perforated. The function of these baitle-plates is to
prevent the water from shifting bodily from one end of the drum to the other
in case the drum is inclined, as by the rolling of a vessel in which it is located.
When said inclination takes place, the water is confined in the compartments
between the partitions g', and Hows slowly through the perforations in said parti-
tions until the level of the water is equalized, in case the drum remains in the
inclined position a sufficient length of time. When the inclination is only
momentary, there is no material transference of water from one compartment to
another. The perforations also serve to cause an equal temperature of the water
in the different compartments.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A boiler or steam-generator comprising a fire-box, a series of tubes extend-
ing lengthwise over the fire-box and across the bridge-wall of the fire-box, a
partition extending across the series of tubes between their forward and rear
portions,, and extending partly over the forward portions of the tubes,
said partition causing the products of combustion rising directly from
the fire-box to pass between the forward portions of the tubes, including
their forward ends, an
elevated space
or chamber above the tubes to
receive the products of combustion from between the forward portions of the
tubes, a lower space or chamber below the rear portions of the tubes, an escape-
flue or stack, and connections between the stack, the lower chamber, and the
elevated chamber, whereby the products of combustion received by the elevated
chamber are conducted first downwardly and then upwardly, the said products
being presented to the rear portions of the tubes in their passage from the elevated
chamber to the stack.
2. A boiler or steam-generator comprising a fire-box, a series of tubes extend- .
ing lengthwise over the fire-box and across the bridge-wall of the fire-box, a
partition extending across the series of tubes between their forward and rear
portions and extending partly over the forward portions of the tubes,
said partition causing the products of combustion rising directly from
the fire-box to pass between the forward portions of the tubes, including
their forward ends, an elovated space 01' chamber, above the tubes to
receive the products of combustion from between the forward portions of the
tubes, a lower space or chamber below the rear portions of the tubes, an escape-
fluc or stack, connections between the stack, the lower chamber, and the
elevated chamber, whereby the products of combustion received by the elevated
chamber are conducted first downwardly and then upwardly, the said products
being presented to the rear portions of the tubes in their passage from the elevated
chamber to the stack, and a feed-water heater arranged to be acted on by the.
products of combustion rising from the rear portions of the tubes.
3. A boiler or steam-generator comprising a fire-box, a series of tubes extend-
ing lengthwise over the fire-box and across the bridge-wall of the fire-box, a
partition extending across the series of tubes between their forward and rear
portions, said partition causing the products of combustion rising directly from
the fire-box to pass between the forward portions of the tubes, an elevated space
or chamber above the tubes to receive the products of combustion from between

page_text: the forward portions of the tubes, a lower space or chamber below the
rear portions of the tubes, a supplemental casing or chamber above the
rear portions of the tubes, an escape-flue or stack connected with the supplemental
chamber, flues or uptakes connecting the ends of the lower chamber with the
ends of the supplemental chamber, the arrangement being such that the products
of combustion pass from the elevated chamber downwardly between the rear
portions of the tubes to the lower chamber, and from thence through the uptakes
to the supplemental chamber, and a feed-water heater in the supplemental
chamber.
4. In a boiler or steam-generator, a drum having a series of transverse semi-
partitions extending from the bottom partly to the top of the drum and provided
with perforations.
Dated this 31st day of May 1899.
KENNEDY PARK.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London. W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.