Improved Apparatus for Cooling Wort.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 12th Feb.,
1898
[Communicated from abroad by HENRY EMIL DECKEBACH, Coppersmith, of
Cincinnati, Ohio, in the United States of America.]
Improved Apparatus for Cooling Wort.
I, WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY, of the Firm of Wheatley and Mackenzie,
Engineers and Patent Agents, of 40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:.
-
My invention is an improved apparatus for cooling wort. Its object is to provide
and fermenting
a simple effective apparatus to be placed between the "hop jack
tuns in a brewery, whereby the wort or similar liquid is conveyed from the hop
jack (or the boiler when the hop jack is dispensed with) to the fermenting tuns,
the liquid passing through air tight conveyers. By this means loss by evaporation
is prevented, the aroma of the hops retained and deleterious germs with which the
atmosphere is laden, excluded, and the wort gradually cooled on its passage through
the cooling conduits.
These ends I attain by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in
connection with which the invention will be first fully described and then par-
ticularly referred to and pointed out in the claims.
The apparatus, as illustrated, is arranged with the different sections in the same
horizontal plane, in order that it may be conveniently placed directly under the
hop jack for the purpose of economizing space, but it is obvious that they may be
arranged in different planes or stacks without varying the result intended.
Referring to the drawings, in which like parts are indicated by similar reference
letters wherever they occur throughout the various views:
Figure 1 is an end elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention.
Figure 2 is a top or plan elevation of the same, the intermediate sections being
broken away.
Figure 3 is a central horizontal sectional view of the device, upon an enlarged
scale, the central section being omitted.
Figures 4 and 5 are detailed views in central vertical section of the meeting ends
of the branch pipes which conduct one of the cooling agents from one section to
another.
Figure 6 is a view in longitudinal section of the filtering or finishing section of
the apparatus, similar to the view shown at the right of Figure 3.
Figure 7 is an end view, upon an enlarged scale, of the same, with the cap and
discharge branch removed.
Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view of the same taken through line 1-1 of
Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a detail view of one of the sections, the outer cylinder being shown
in section and the pipes for the cooling agents in elevation.
Figure 10 is a central longitudinal sectional view, taken at a right angle to the
view shown in Figure 9.

page_text: Figure 11 is a view in longitudinal section of the receiving end of the apparatus
shown at the left side of Figure 3.
Figure 12 is a transverse sectional view, upon an enlarged scale, taken through
line 2-2, Figures 9 and 10.
Figure 13 is a top view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of a simplified
form of my apparatus.
Figure 14 is a detail view of the same in end elevation.
Referring first to Figures 1 to 12 inclusive, A, represents cylinders, any suitable
number of which may be arranged in series, each cylinder having flanged
branches, a, at the inner end, and similar branches, a¹, at the outer end upon
opposite sides, the flanges being perforated to receive screw bolts by which the
sections are connected. The outer ends of these cylinders have also outwardly pro-
jecting annular flanges which are perforated to receive screw bolts, by which
caps, a, are secured, the caps being perforated to pass conduits for the cooling
agents. The inner ends of the cylinders, A, are closed by caps having removable 1
screw threaded plugs, a³. B, is a cylinder having flanged ends, the inner flange
being perforated to receive screw bolts which secure the cap, b, to the end of the
cylinder. The cap is centrally perforated and screw threaded to receive the
branch, 61, upon the inner end of which is secured an elbow, be, to connect with a
pipe discharging from the hop jack, (not shown). This cylinder, B, is provided
near its outer end with a flanged branch, 63, which connects the receiving
cylinder, B, with the first cylinder, A, of the series. The outer flange of the
cylinder, B, is provided with inwardly projecting lugs, 64, between which are
pivoted swinging bolts, the shafts of which pass into notches in a cap, 65, which
closes the outer end of the cylinder, B. These bolts are provided with wing nuts, 66,
to secure the cap in position.
B, is a cylinder constructed in all respects like the cylinder, B. Its discharge
branch, 67, conveys wort which is passed through the apparatus to the fermenting
tuns, or to an exhaust pump which discharges into said tuns.
Within the cylinder, B, is secured a cylinder, B³, formed of perforated sheet
metal to strain the wort before it passes into the cooling sections, A, and the
cylinder, B', is provided with a similar straining cylinder, B+, except that its top is
closed by a cap, 68, as seen in Figure 7, which is perforated similarly to the body of
the cylinder. Within this cylinder is a filtering cylinder, B5, formed of fine wire
gauze, or other straining material, the cylinder being supported by the cylinder, B,
which is centrally supported within the cylinder, B¹, by guide beads or pins, 69.
The straining and filtering cylinders in both the pipes, B and B', may be removed
for cleansing by loosening the wing nuts, swinging the bolts out of the notches,
and removing the caps, 65.
Each of the cylinders, A, is similarly provided with conduits for the cooling
agents, which I will now describe, referring particularly to Figures 3, 9 and 10,
the description of one answering for all.
C, is a cylinder arranged centrally within the cylinder, A, having one end extend-
ing through the cap, a², the extended end of the cylinder being flanged to connect
with the union, d, of the pipe, D, which is the conveyer of one of the cooling agents.
Within the cylinder, C, is a plain open ended cylinder, C', the lower end of which
is reduced and secured in the bridge or partition, , of the union, d, the cylinder, C¹,
being centrally sustained within the cylinder, C, by beads or pins, c, as seen in
Figures 10 and 12. The cooling liquid passing through the pipe, D, first passeв
between the cylinders, C and C, thence through the cylinder, C, and on to the
next section of the cooler.
Around the cylinder, C, in the space between it and the cylinder, A, is a double
spiral coil, E, the coils touching both cylinders so as to form a spiral path through
which the wort is compelled to travel in its passage from the jack between the
cylinders, A and C. The inner end of the cylinder, C, terminates in a branch or
The lower
Tunion, c¹, into which the opposite ends of the coil, E, are secuid.
ends of the coil pass upon opposite sides of the cylinder, C, through the cap, n³.

page_text: Its looped end, which bends over the cylinder, C, is provided with a coupling, e.
A pipe E¹, passes through the union, d, centrally through the cylinder, C₁, and is
screwed into the upper end of the cylinder, C, thus communicating through the
union, c¹, with the coil, E. The coils, E, in the different sections are connected,
when desired, by branch pipes, e¹, and the pipes, E¹, are similarly connected by
branches,
.
When it is desired to pass the cooling agent from two sources of supply through
the whole apparatus, all of the coils, E, and pipes, El, are coupled together by the
branches, e and 2, and the flow through the pipe, 1), unions, d, and around and
through the cylinder, C, is continuous, but if more rapid cooling is desired I have
provided means for introducing a cooling agent, or agents, independently to two
or more sections of the apparatus, and employing different cooling agents for each
pair of sections. By this means may use three or more cooling agents, for instance
ammonia, brine, cold water or cold air. I have arranged the apparatus so that it
may be readily changed to employ either one two or more cooling agents. For
this purpose the flanged branches of the union, d, may be provided, one or more of
them, with laterally projecting nipples, which are closed when the flow through
the pipe, D, is to be continuous, by plugs, d², as shown in Figures 2 and 4.
continuous flow through the pipe is cut off by placing the sheet metal disk or
partition, d, (Figure 5) between the flanges on the branch of union, d, removing the
plugs, d, and securing in the nipples an inlet pipe, d, upon one side of the partition,
and an outlet pipe, ³, upon the opposite side. These removable plugs, d², are only
shown between two pairs of sections in Figure 2, but they may be duplicated
between each alternate pair of the apparatus.
The
To cool the coils, E, independently in each pair of sections the branches, e¹, are
removed and an inlet pipe connected to one of the nipples, e, as the right hand
coupling in Figure 2, and a discharge pipe connected to the adjacent coupling, and
so alternately to the wort receiving end of the apparatus, it being understood that
the cooling liquid flows in a direction contrary or against the flow of the wort, so
that whether the cooling liquids pass in a continuous flow from the wort discharge
end of the apparatus, or different cooling agents are used from the discharge to the
wort receiving end, the cooling is gradual, the warmer cooling agent coming in
contact with the wort when it enters the first section of the series, and the wort
coming in contact with the liquid in its coolest state in the last section or the one
next to the filter, B. It is, of course, obvious that either the branches, e¹ or e²,
might be removed. If the branches, e², were removed, the inlet pipe would be con-
nected to the extended end of the pipe, E, of the first section, and the outlet pipe
to the next section to it, and so on through the series if desired.
The cylinders, A, being all alike, as are also the cooling conduits therein, it is
obvious that any number of sections may be employed in an apparatus, depending
upon the amount of wort to be cooled, and also that the sections may be arranged
side by side, as shown, or any number of them in stacks, one above the other,
without material change in the parts except as to position.
In some cases it is found desirable to introduce filtered air into the wort while
passing through the cooler. When this is desired, one or more of the plugs, a³,
may be removed from the top of the cylinder, A, and the pipe for conveying purified
or filtered air secured in place thereof.
In the modified form of my invention shown in Figures 13 and 14, the pipes, E',
and the inner cylinders, C, are omitted and the protruding ends of the cylinders, C,
provided with couplings, cl, for connecting the sections by means of branch, e², and
the discharge pipes for the cooling agent, but the receiving cylinder, B, instead of
being placed at one end of the device, as shown in the preceding figures, is placed
centrally between the sections so as to be more conveniently connected to the hop
jack, and the end section upon one side of the cylinder, B, is connected to the first
section upon the opposite side by a pipe, A, and elbow unions, at. The exhaust
pump, F, shown in Figure 13, is of ordinary construction, and any of the well

page_text: known exhaust pumps may be employed when an accelerated flow of the wort is
desired.
I have found by experience that better results are produced by compelling the
wort to travel in a spiral path in contact with the cooling surfaces in the jacket
between the outer and inner cylinders, but I do not wish to be limited to this.
specific construction, as it is obvious that the same result in kind would be obtained
by compelling the wort to travel in a zig-zag or other sinuous path through the
different sections.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:---
1. A wort cooler composed of a series of similar sections connected together, each
section composed of an outer and inner cylinder forming a wort jacket between
said cylinders, conduits for the cooling liquid in said jacket, around which the wort
flows, a strainer at the wort receiving end of the cooler, and a filter at the wort dis-
charge end of the cooler, induction and eduction pipes conveying the cooling agent
through the sections in the opposite direction from the flow of the wort, combined
and arranged substantially as shown and described.
2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the cooler composed
of similar sections containing pipes for the cooling agent, and continuous passage
for the wort around said pipes, a strainer connected to the first section of the
series, said strainer consisting of an outer cylinder and inner perforated cylinder
to receive the wort and strain it before passing into the space between the inner
and outer cylinders, a branch from strainer leading to the hop jack, a filtering
cylinder connected to the last section of the series, consisting of an outer cylinder,
an inner perforated cylinder closed at the bottom and filtering material such as
described within said perforated cyclinder, a branch from said strainer leading to
an exhaust pump for drawing the wort through the cooler, substantially as shown
and described.
3. The combination in a wort cooler of a strainer consisting of an outer cylinder
provided with a removable head, an inner perforated cylinder sustained within the
outer cylinder, leaving the space between the cylinders for the passage of the wort,
and a discharge branch leading from said space to the cooler, substantially as shown
and described.
4. The combination of the cooler, a filter connected to the wort discharge end of
said cooler, said filter being composed of an outer cylinder and inner perforated
cylinder, sustained within said outer cylinder, leaving a space between the
two cylinders, said inner cylinder being closed at the top and open
at the bottom, filtering material such as described within and supported
by said perforated cylinder, a branch for connecting said filter to the
cooler at one end, and a branch for conveying the wort from the filter at the opposite
end, substantially as shown and described.
5. A section for a wort cooler, consisting of an outer cylinder having an inlet for
the wort near one end, and an outlet near the opposite end and upon opposite sides
of the cylinder, an inner cylinder for the cooling liquid forming a jacket with the
outer cylinder and extending beyond it, a double coiled pipe forming a spiral path
in the jacket between the outer and inner cylinders, having its opposite inner ends
communicating with the inner cylinder and its looped end, which extends beyond
the outer cylinder provided with a coupling to receive either an inlet or outlet
pipe for the cooling liquid, substantially as shown and described.
Datel thi 001 day of Decambor 1807
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.