IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CLOG SOLES, CLOG BLOCKS, PATTEN BOARDS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND CUTTING WELTS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert John Jones, of Blue Pits, near Rochdale,
in the County of Lancaster, Timber Merchant, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CLOG SOLES, CLOG
BLOCKS, PATTEN BOARDS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND CUTTING WELTS,"
Sealed the 4th August 1868, and dated the 5th February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert John Jones
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 5th February 1868.
I, ROBERT JOHN JONES, of Blue Pits, near Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Timber Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CLOG SOLES,
CUTTING WELTS,"
CLOG BLOCKS, PATTER BOARDS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improvements in machinery for manu-
facturing clog soles, clog blocks, patten boards, and similar articles,
and cutting welts, and is intended to be used separte from or in
Price 8d.]

page_text: combination with a Patent granted to me, dated February 14th, 1865,
No. 416.
In preparing what is termed a rough block for either making the clog
soles or other articles by hand or machinery I first take the log or tree
and cut it into lengths suitable for making the blocks, as described in
Patent 416, then I place a length so cut off on the horizontal table of
a splitting machine having a sliding bar or head working up and down
vertically and carrying a cutter that comes down upon the end of the
length and passes through it, thus riving a piece off suitable for one
block or more;
this is repeated upon the length until it is cut up
altogether; then another is taken and the operation is repeated. Each
rough block so riven is laid flat on the table and cutters or knives are
then placed on the head and come down upon the block and stamp it
out to the required shape; it is then placed on its edge and the inside
and outside are operated upon in a similar manner.
This length may
be so cut up and roughed into a block, first by opening with a circular
saw instead of splitting, then by using the shaping machine described
in Patent 416, 1865, or by using the machines named in this Patent
respectively, as the side cutting machine and the roughing hollower,
either of which will rough the block to the required form as a rough
block either for hand or machine work.
لی
As an improvement to my shaping machine, Patent 416, 1865, I add
a variable accumulating lever at the end of the main lever to give
additional power to hold the block for preventing the power of the man's
hand from being overcome and the block thrown out. I use this shaping
machine to cut the inside and outside of the block roughed by the
splitting machine or sawn by the circular saw, exactly as stated in that
Patent, aud I can rough or shape the inside or the edges by either of
the machines, hereafter called the roughing hollower and side cutting
machine as well as by the aforesaid shaping machine. After the inside
and outside are shaped they then want cutting on the edge by the
side cutting machine I now describe.
This machine is formed by two pieces of side framing held together
at a proper distance from one another for receiving between them the
largest block by means of stay framing. These side frames are surfaced
on the top, and upon these surfaces are fitted two slides for carrying
cutters which can be moved to and fro according to the width of the
bluck to be cut, and these slides carry revolving cutters of the proper

page_text: This block is held by a lever
similar to the shaping machine levers upon a long beam which works
on a centre several feet from the machine, and when this beam is at the
top the block is put flat on the edge of the beam and secured by the
lever and lowered between the revolving cutters, which action causes
the cutters to cut the block to its required form on edge for a sole.
This beam may be made to form one portion of a disc which revolves on
the centre before mentioned, and may have the blocks secured to the
various beams or spokes in the circle by screws at the end or by levers
at the top, as before named, and the beams or disc formed of beams will
be continually passing through the knives and so prevent loss of time in
returning the beam and putting another block in. The inside and
outside of the blocks and soles may be shaped by this machine by having
suitable cutters and placing the block on the edge so that the cutters
will operate on the inside and outside.
shape for cutting the edges of the block.
Another modification of this machine is as follows:-Instead of the
stides which carry the revolving cutters being screwed fast they may be
made to move for the purpose of bevilling the edges of the soles when
required. In this case they slide on the top and are opened by a tem-
plate fastened on the beam of the required width and bevil for the edge
of the sole, and the cutters will follow that motion and cut the soles
bevil on the edge. The slides may swing on a centre instead of sliding
on the top, and in either case they may be brought back (ready for
another block) by springs or weights. These operations done by the
swing beam or disc may also be done by a slide working vertically or
horizontally.
The next process is performed by the roughing hollower. This machine
has grooves or other contrivances in which a slide works to and fro
under a frame which rises and falls upon two pivots at the back. This
frame carries a shaft and head with cutters to suit the radius that the
sole wauts hollowing transversely and longitudinally to fit the foot, and
moved from side to side and to the form of the sole by pulleys running
on suitable templates fixed to the slide that carries the sole. The
hollowing is also performed by the head on the shaping machine that
cuts the inside being made to rise whilst the sole gets in, and to fall
when opposite the centre of the sole, and by this means hollow it.
The next process is to heel and toe the sole. This is performed either
by the machine named in my Patent 416, 1865, for that purpose, or by

page_text: the new heeling and toeing machine, which is as follows:-A frame
similar to that of the side cutting machine is used with slides in the
same way. One of these slides carries cutters the shape of the heel,
the other the shape of the toe. When set apart to just the length
of the sole the sole instead of being put lengthways as in the side
cutting is placed crossways of the beam and then passed through the
cutters which shape the heel and toe.
As an improvement to my machine for side cutting described in my
former Patent 416, 1865, I use a vertical rotary head instead of a
horizontal one for carrying cutters to work the sides of soles and also
the insides, thus working across the grain instead of lengthways of it.
The radius described by the cutters would form the hollows to fit the
foot by having templates to suit the shape required. This sole may
be secured on a table instead of in a slide and may be held by a lever
and pushed in and out to work it and feed it similar to the table of
the shaping machine.
As another improvement to the machine I put cutters on the hori-
zontal head for the insides that are rounded to the shape required to
fit the foot.
As an improvement to my machine, Patent 416, 1865, for sinking
the heels and cutting out the shank I fix the head in a swing frame
(balanced by weights or springs) which allow the sole to be worked with
more correctness and finish in the rounding or bevilling of the shank,
and I add cutters on the heel side of the head to take off the piece for
the bending over of the heel iron. The lever which holds the sole in its
place carries a figure which impresses the sole with the size.
As an improvement in finishing the hollow for the foot I use a
machine similar to the roughing hollower, but the head which carries
the cutters works with the grain instead of across it, as in the roughing
hollower; I also place the cutters in my finishing hollower diagonally
Bo as to take a cleaner cut and to be less liable to ridge the sole.
As an improvement to my gripper, described in my former Patent,
I use variable fences for the purpose of varying the grip round the heel.
These fences may be worked either by the pressure of the foot or the
hand and are returned by springs or weights. To facilitate the changing
of the cutter heads when dull I make the boss of the machine to turn on
a centre horizontally, which boss carries a vertical centre in which the
shaft works. When this vertical centre is raised off the shaft and moved

page_text: by the loose tops from over it the shaft can be taken out and replaced by
another. I use an improved head and method of setting and screwing
the cutters to that head. For bevilling the edges of the soles that may
not have been bevilled in the side cutting I use a rotary head carrying
cutters, and the sole being pressed against a fence that runs in the groove
and moved round against 'this head it bevils and finishes the edges. In
order to clean the bottom of the sole I use a rotary head carrying cutters
set diagonally on the head over, which the sole is drawn; or the head
may be fixed in a frame similar to that adopted for finishing hollows by
the roughing hollower. The bottoms may also be shaped or cleaned by
the head just named being stationary and the sole being placed on a
frame that works on a centre. The sole when held fast is worked round
on this centre, and the sole coming in contact with the head is worked
to the radius desired either for roughing it or after roughed for finishing
it. In order to secure the top leather to the soles a welt or narrow thin
strip of leather is ordinarily used which I cut as follows out of any kind
of waste leather. A thin knife is fixed stationary over a planed or turned
surface, at the front of this knife are rollers to enter the leather on to
the knife, and at the back are similar rollers to pull it through. A
guage is set the distance from the knife the breadth of the welt is
required to be. The welt is then cut to the thickness required by a
knife placed parallel with the rollers and a fence set to the required
thickness. The knives are made to move by a spring or weight so as
to allow the thick part of the leather to enter without any difficulty in
the commencement of the cut. The rollers may be dispensed with and
the cut made by the leather being pulled through by hand.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,..
filed by the said Robert John Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th August 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
JOHN JONES, of Blue Pitts, near Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Timber Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-

page_text: first year. of Her. reign,. did,. for: Herself, Her heirs and. successors, give
and grant unto me, the said. Robert John: Jones, Her special license-
that I, the said Robert John Jones,. my executors, administrators,, and
assigns, or such; others as. I, the said Robert. John Jones, my executors,,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,,
from time to time and at. all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed;. should and lawfully might make, use;, exercise, and vend,,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel.
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR MANUFACTURING CLOG SOLES, CLOG BLOCKS, PATTKN BOARDS, AND SIMILAR
ARTICLES, AND CUTTING WELTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Robert John Jones, my executors or. administrators, by an:
instrument. in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and: ascertain the nature of the said:
Invention, and in what manner the same was to: be performed; and.
cause the same to be filed. in the Great.. Seul- Patent Office within six:
calendar months: next and immediately after the date:of. the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that I, the said Robert John Jones; do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed; to be particularly described and' ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Figures
on the accompanying six Sheets of Drawings; and to the letters of
reference marked thereon (that is to say): -
This Invention consists in improvements in machinery for manu-
facturing clog soles, clog blocks, patten boards, and similar articles, and
cutting welts, and is intended. to be used separate from or in combination
with the Invention for which a Patent was granted to me, bearing date
the Fourteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five, No: 416.
In preparing what are termed rough blocks for making the clog soles
or other articles either by hand or machinery, I first cut the log or tree
by a circular saw into the lengths of the blocks, and then split the
lengths in a splitting machine having a sliding bar or head working.
up and down vertically and carrying the required cutter; and to this
machine may also be adapted cutters for cutting the sides and shaping
the outside and inside of the sole.
Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, are side and front views of the splitting

page_text: machine with one cutter; Figures 3 and 4 similar views of part of the
machine with two cutters; and Figures 5 and 6 sectional plans of
different cutters.
a represents the framework of the machine; b, the sliding bar; c, a
horizontal table; d, the block to be split; and e, the cutter. The sliding
bar is jointed to the lever f, with two arms g, h, at convenient positions
for the workman to act upon; and when the block is placed on the
table and the arms g, h, pulled down with force, the cutter comes on
the end of the length and passes through it, thus riving off a piece
suitable for one block or more, and this splitting process is repeated
upon the length until it is cut up, and then another length is acted
upon, and so on repeatedly. When it is required to shape the sides of
the blocks the sliding bar has two cutters k, Figures 3, 4, and 6, fixed
to it, and instead of the table c there is a deeper table / for raising the
'block to the required height, and to the frame is jointed the treddle
lever m, the upper part of which must be adapted to pass between the
cutters for acting on the middle of the block; and when the cutters
are brought down with force the block is stamped out at the sides to
the required shape. The block so far worked is then placed on its edge,
and the inside and outside are operated upon by suitable cutters, such
as those shown at Figure 6. When required I move the sliding bar up
and down by bydraulic power, or by a screw and fly, or other mechanical
means. The lengths one after the other may also be cut up into blocks
by sawing them with a circular saw instead of splitting them, and then
shaping them by using the shaping machine described in my former
Putent, or by using the machines named in this Patent respectively, as
the side cutting machines and the roughing hollower, either of which will
rough the block to the required form either for hand or machine work.
I
As an improvement to my shaping machine described in my former
Patent I add a variable accumulating lever at the end of the main lever
to give additional power to hold the block for preventing the power of
the man's hand from being overcome and the block thrown out.
use the shaping machino to cut the inside and outside of the block
roughed by the splitting machine or sawn by the circular saw, exactly
as stated in the Specification of my former Patent, and I can also rough.
or shape the inside or the edges by either of the machines herein-after
called the rougbing hollower and side cutting machines.
The shaping machine with my improved variable accumulating' lever

page_text: is represented in the end and front views, Figures 7 and 8, Sheet 2. The
block for a sole is taken to the shaping machine for forming the bottom
of the sole and heel, except the shank. The said block, which is shewn
at a, is held on the sliding table 6 by the lever c, assisted by the
variable accumulating lever d in connection with the stationary rod e
for obtaining additional power to hold the block for preventing the
power of the man's hand from being overcome and the block thrown
out. Above the table there is a shaft, to which are fixed cutters g
having revolving motion imparted to them by the pulleys h. When
the block is held firm it is caused to slide in contact with the revolving
cutters which shape the bottom of the block to the required form, after
which the block is taken out and replaced by another. The inside of
the block has now to be shaped, and this is performed in this shaping
machine, the only difference being in the form of the cutters.
After the outside and inside of the block is shaped it wants cutting
on its edges, for which purpose I employ a side cutting machine repre-
sented in the side and front elevations, Figures 11 and 12, Sheet 3.
This machine is formed of two side frames a maintained apart at a
proper distance for receiving between them the largest blocks by means
of stay framing b. The side frames are surfaced on the top, and on
these surfaces are fitted two slides c, which can be moved to and fro
according to the width of the block to be cut and afterwards fastened.
These slides carry shafts d, to which are fixed cutters e of the proper
shape for cutting the edges of the block, the shafts d being made to
revolve by means of the pulleys f, straps g, and pulleys h. The block i
is held by the lever ; on a long arm or beam k, which works on a
centre several feet from the machine. On the arm k there is a
bracket m carrying the variable accumulating lever n and the stationary
rod o, which are forcibly gripped by the workman for enabling the
lever j to hold the block upon the arm without fear of its being thrown
off.
When the arm is at the top the block is placed flat on the edge
of the said arm and held firm by the lever, and then the arm and
block are lowered between the revolving cutters which cut the sides or
edges to the required form for the sole. Instead of a single arm there
may be a large number fixed to a rim or disc forming a large wheel
fixed to a shaft working in bearings, and to these arms the blocks are
secured by screws or held by levers. The wheel may be turned by
toothed gearing or by a worm wheel and worm from any driving shaft,
and when the cutters are made to revolve and the wheel turned the

page_text: blocks one after the other pass between the cutters and the sides of
the soles are shaped. Or the wheel may be formed as
a disc
encircled by a rim, there being openings in the disc for receiving
the blocks and apparatus for holding them, as shewn in Figure 13
Sheet 4. The disc 2 and rim are made of segments bolted or
rivetted together, and the spaces s are as near each other as is
conformable with strength and convenience. The blocks are placed
upon adjustable supports u fixed to the disc, and are held fast by
levers and screws v, to, or by the wedges and screws x, y. With
this wheel two sets of cutters may be employed and the blocks fed
and removed as the wheel is turning. The inside and outside of
the blocks may be shaped for soles, patten boards, and similar articles
by either of these machines by having suitable cutters and placing the
blocks on their edges, so that the cutters will operate on the inside and
outside.
Another modification of these machines is as follows:-Instead of
the slides which carry the revolving cutters being screwed fast after
they are adjusted, they may be made to move for the purpose of
bevilling the edges of the soles when required. In this case the
slides are opened by a template fastened on the arm k, Figures 11
and 12, or by a number of templates on the rim and disc, Figure 13.
The templates are of the required width, and the bevil for the edge
of the sole and the cutters will follow that motion and cut the soles
bevil on their edges. The shafts carrying the cutters may swing on
centres instead of sliding on the top of the frames, and in either case
they may be brought back ready for another block by springs or weights.
The results obtained by using the swing arm or revolving wheel with
a number of arms or disc and rim, may also be obtained by a long
slide working vertically or horizontally with a number of blocks
upon it.
As an improvement to my machine for side cutting, described in
my former Patent before alluded to, I use horizontal heads or shafts
instead of vertical ones for carrying cutters to form the sides or
edges of the soles, thus working across the grain instead of lengthways,
and the insides of the soles may also be shaped in this machine. The
radius described by the cutters would form the hollow to fit the
foot by having templates to suit the shape required.
The block may
be secured on a table instead of on a slide, and may be held by a

page_text: lever and pushed in and out to work and feed it, similar to the table
of the shaping machine.
As another improvement to the machine I put cutters on the
horizontal heads for rounding the insides to the shape required to fit
the foot.
As an improvement to my machine described in my former Patent
for sinking the heels and cutting out the shanks, I place the cutter
head in a swing frame balanced by weights or springs, which allows
the sole to be worked with more correctness and finish in the rounding
or bevilling of the shank, and I add cutters on the heel side to take
off the piece for the bending over of the beel iron, and the lever which
holds the block in its place carries a figure or number which impresses
the sole with the size.
This improved shanking machine is represented in the side and front
elevations, Figures 9 and 10, Sheet 2. The cutters which are made
of the required size and shape are fixed to a head or chuck on the
shaft working in bearings in the swing frame c fixed to the shaft d,
which rests in bearings in the standards e fixed to the bed f on the
side frames g of the machine. At the upper part of the bed there.
are grooves carrying the slide h, on which the block i to be shanked
is held fast by the lever k, there being a stationary rod Z which is
gripped by the workman for enabling him to exert greater power on
the lever, and at one side of the slide there is a template m in line
with a bowl on the swing frame c. On the shaft & there is a pulley
having two rims o, p, the rim o being connected by a strap with
the driving pulley 9, and the rim p by a strap with the pulley r
fixed to the shaft carrying the cutters, so that when the machine
is set to work the cutters revolve at a high speed. At the bottom
of the slide there is a stud or projection connected to a chain s
guided by wheels t, u, working on studs fixed to the framework, and
to one of the links is jointed the lever v for working the chain and
giving to-and-fro motion to the slide h, and when the block is firmly
held and the lever worked, the block passes under the revolving
cutters, which rise and fall as the bowl rides on the template m,
theroby sinking the heel and giving the proper shape to the shank.
I add cutters on the heel side of the shaft b to take off the piece for
the bending over of the heel iron, and the lever carries the number
or figure which impresses the sole with the size.

page_text: The next operation consists in hollowing the inside of the sole, and
this is performed by a machine called a roughing hollower represented
in the side and front elevations, Figures 14 and 15, Sheet 5. In
grooves in the bed a fixed to the side frames there is a slide c
which works to and fro under the swing frame d, having at the
back pivots resting in bearings e fixed to the bed a on the side frames,
there being at one side of the swing frame a bowl or pulley f, which
rides on the template g at one side of the slide c. The swing frame
carries a shaft h having a head, to which are fixed cutters to suit
the radius that the sole wants hollowing transversely to fit the foot.
To the back of the shaft h is fixed the pulley ; connected by a strap
to a large driving pulley for causing the cutters to revolve at a
high speed, and at the bottom of the slide there is a stud or projection
connected to a chain k supported on wheels 1, and worked by the
lever m the same as with the shanking machine before described.
The swing frame d is made in two parts faced together at the back,
so that the cutters can have a lateral motion for hollowing rights
and lefts. On the top of the slide c there is a stop piece which can
be adjusted and fixed at any required position according to the width
of the sole, and there is also jointed to the slide the horizontal lever n
At the front of the slide there is a bracket o carrying the stationary
rod p, to which is secured the bearing 1 carrying the variable
accumulating lever r for acting on the end of the horizontal lever n.
In order to hollow the sole when the cutters are revolving, one side
of the sole is placed against the stop piece, and then the workman
with one hand grips the stationary rod p and lever r, thereby causing
the horizontal lover n to prees the sole against the stop piece and hold
it firm, then with the other hand the workman works the lever m
for giving to-and-fro motion to the slide c and template ý, so as to
bring the sole in contact with the cutters, which rise and fall and
move laterally according to the shape of the template and hollow
the sole as required. This hollowing process may also be performed
by the shaping machine by causing the shaft or head carrying the
cutters which shape the inside to rise whilst the sole is entering, and
fall just when opposite the centre of the sole, and by this means
hollow it.
The next process is to toe and heel the sole, and this is performed

page_text: Patent or by an improved heeling and toeing machine, arranged as
follows I employ a frame with two slides and a long arm similar to
those of the side cutting machine, one of the slides carrying cutters the
shape of the heel and the other cutters the shape of the toe. When
set apart to the exact length of the sole, the sole instead of being
held lengthways on the arm as in the side cutting machine is held
crossways and then passed between the cutters which shape the heel
and toe.
.
As an improvement in finishing the hollow of the foot and smoothing
the bottom of the sole, I place the cutters diagonally instead of straight
as in my former Patent for enabling the cutters to take a cleaner cut
and be less liable to ridge the sole. For the inside of the sole I employ
curved cutters, and for the outside flat cutters both secured by screws
or wedges to heads or chucks of a corresponding shape.
In Figures 20 and 21, Sheet 6, a represents a curved tread or chuck,
and a flat head or chuck fixed to the shaft c provided with the
pulley d, and in the head a are fastened curved cutters e and in the
head flat cutters f, both sets of cutters being placed in a diagonal
position. When revolving motion is given to the cutters and the inside
and outside of the sole held against them they smooth with thin clean
cuts without any ridging. When it is required to hollow the sole and
finish it at the same time I use a machine similar to the roughing
hollower, but the cutters work with the grain of the wood instead of
across.
As an improvement to my grooving machine described in my former
Patent, 1 use variable fences for the purpose of varying the grip round
the heel. These fences may be worked either by the foot or the
hand, and are returned by springs or weights.
The grooving machine is represented in the side and front elevations,
Figures 16 and 17, Sheet 5, a detached part of the same being shewn
in Figure 18. On a vertical shaft a there is a head or chuck carrying
a number of cutters c for forming the groove and rounding its upper
edge. The shaft is provided with the pulley d and works in bearings
fixed to a support e on the top of the main framing.
connected by a strap to the pulley f on the shaft 9
lower end the pulley connected by the cross strap
The pulley d is
carrying near its
to the pulley k

page_text: on the shaft on which are fast and loose pulleys 7 communicating by
a strap with the driving pulley. In front of the cutters there is a
stationary guage or fence n; and just above a variable fence o attached
to two double levers p working on studs q and held together by the
cross bar, one of the levers being connected at one end by the rods to
the treddle t, and the cross bar is connected by a chain to the weight v,
which arrangement enables the workman to vary the position of the
fence o in order to deepen the groove at the heel part of the sole. To
facilitate the changing of the cutter head 6, when the cutters are dull I
make the boss w to turn on a centre horizontally, which boss carries a
When this vertical centre
vertical centre x in which the shaft a works.
is raised off the shaft and moved by the loose top y from over it the
shaft can be taken out and replaced by another.
.
For bevilling the edges of the soles that may not have been bevilled
in the side cutting, I substitute for the chuck band cutters c, Figures
16, 17, and 18, a chuck holding plain bevil cutters 2, Figure 19, Sheet 5,
and have a stationary fence that can enter the groove, so that when the
sole is pressed against the fence and moved against the revolving cutters
the edges will be bevilled and finished as required. In order to secure
the top leather to the soles a welt or narrow thin strip of leather is
ordinarily used which I cut as follows out of any kind of waste leather.
At the front of a stationary knife n, Figure 22, Sheet 6, there are
rollers o to enter the leather on to the knife, and at the back are similar
rollers P to pull it through, there being a guage set the same distance
from the knife as the breadth the welt is required to be. The welt is
then cut to the thickness required by a knife 2, Figure 23, held nearly
parallel with the rollers r, s, the distance between the roller r and the
edge of the knife being regulated according to the required thickness of
the welt. The knife is held by a spring or weight so that it can be
raised to allow the thick part of the leather to be entered between the
The
rollers without any difficulty in the commencement of the cut.
rollers may be dispensed with and the cut made by the leather being
pulled through by hand.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim the improvements in machinery. for manufac-
turing clog soles, clog blocks, patten boards, and similar articles, and

page_text: cutting welts, as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
six Sheets of Drawings..
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert John Jones, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this First day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the within-named Robert
John Jones, in the presence
of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
..Patent Agent,
Manchester.
ROBERT JOHN JONES. (L.S.)