AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND REELING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Joseph Theodore
Pratviel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 8th April 1853.
I, JEAN JOSEPH THEODORE PRATVIEL, of Paris. Spinner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE
FOR DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND REELING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
The improved machine performs simultaneously the operations of
doubling, twisting, and reeling fibrous substances. The accompany-
ing drawing represents in perspective elevation one set of bobbins,
which will suffice to explain the action of the machine, whatever may be
the number of the spindles it contains. A, is the driving shaft, carry-
ing B, a pulley, which receives the driving strap C, which pases over
the pulley B', fixed upon the driving axis m, of the vertical spindle M.
D, the tension pulley, pressing upon the strap. E, E, E, bobbins carrying
the thread, which is to be united by doubling, the number varying with
the kind of thread to be produced. F, F, F, conducting wires, called

page_text: "pigs tails," serving to bring the threads together before the doubling.
G, wires, the ends of which rest upon each thread, which, when one
thread breaks, causes the corresponding wire to turn upon g, as a pivot,
and the wire thereby lets fall the small cylinder E, which falls upon
the arm J, which, being connected with the levers h, & i, removes the
tension pulley from the strap, and thereby stops the action of that set,
until, the thread having been joined, the mechanism is restored to the
position it was in before the breaking of the thread. K, a "pigs tail,"
for blending the threads to double them before twisting them. L, spring
nipper, covered with felt, and in which the doubled threads are held
pressed together, so that they cannot be twisted below the nipper, as
the twisting should only take place in the space between this nipper
and the lower end of the spindle M. By increasing the distance
between the "pigs tail" and the nipper, a moistening apparatus may
be introduced, and, if necessary, an additional pigs tail to conduct the
threads into a basin filled with liquid. M, vertical spindle, driven by
the bevilled wheel M', fixed at its base, and gearing into another
bevilled wheel M", fixed upon the axis m, of the pulley B¹. The
spindle has a hole at m³, through which passes the thread twisted by
the rotatory motion of the spindle, and is thence conducted by the pigs
tail N, on to the reel O, a cylinder bobbin, forming, with the bobbin P,
the reel upon which the skeins are formed. The rotatory movement of
the lower bobbin is communicated to the upper one by the tension
cord q, and then by the threads themselves which form the skein.
At O', is a disc, carried by the lever cylinder O, to turn the latter. It
has a switch o, which has at one end a spring rod, which enters suc-
cessively into every hole in the circumference of the disc, and at the
other end an arm o¹, which receives the blow that causes the switch to
act. There is a similar disc at O", into the holes in which a spring
rod enters successively, holding as a pall or ratchet the cylinder P, and
consequently the cylinder O, in each of their partial revolutions. R, stop,
against which the arm o¹, strikes at each turn of the spindle, and which,
in causing it to swing before it can pass under, causes the rod which it
carries to enter into one of the holes in the disc. S, another stop,
placed in the reverse position of the other, and against which the arm o²,

page_text: strikes before it can pass over. This second motion of the switch, the
rod of which has entered into a hole of the disc, causes the latter to
turn, and with it the other disc, and consequently the cylinder bobbins,
with a revolution proportional to the distance from one hole to another,
and also according as the switch is placed to the right of one of the
ranges of holes, according to the degree of tension intended to be given
to the thread by the more or less rapid motion of the cylinder bobbins.
I do not confine myself to the precise arrangements shewn in the
Figure, as variations may be introduced in the details without departing
from the principal of my Invention.