IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF FIBRES FOR SPINNING AND WEAVING OPERATIONS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph James Coleman, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN
THE PREPARATION OF FIBRES FOR SPINNING AND WEAVING
OPERATIONS."
Scaled the 11th Septembr 1874, and dated the 20th March 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph James Coleman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th March 1874.
I, JOSEPH JAMES COLEMAN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark;
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF FIBRES FOR SPINNING. AND WEAVING
OPERATIONS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the oiling of fibres of wool and jute as a
preparation for spinning and weaving operations.
Cotton seed oil used alone for greasing fibres has been found to be
inefficient from its effect in clogging the fibres and machinery, and
mineral oil used alone has been found inefficient from its smell, and the

page_text: difficulty of removing it from goods after spinning and weaving by the
ordinary scouring operations.
My improvements in the oiling of fibres consists in the application
thereto of cotton seed oil and mineral oil together, by which better
results are attained than by the use of either alone, and my Invention
when properly carried out enables the fibres to be spun and woven
without undue clogging of the machinery, and enables the goods to be
properly cleansed by the usual scouring operations.
In using cotton seed oil and mineral oil together or simultaneously
for the purpose of carrying out this Invention, I find that from 10 to 20
parts mineral oil used with every 100 parts cotton seed oil a good pro-
portion.
I apply this combination or mixture of oils to the fibres in the same
way and in the same proportions as oils have been usually applied to
fibres by spinners as a preparation for spinning and weaving.
Other seed oils known to have similar properties to cotton sced oil,
such as rape seed oil, walnut oil, poppy oil, hemp seed oil, sunflower oil,
Niger seed oil, Lisbon seed oil, or sessame seed oil can be used in place
of cotton seed oil for the purposes of this Invention, but I find cotton
seed oil to be economical for the purpose on account of its present 2
limited application in comparison with the abundance of its supply.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the.Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph James Coleman in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 17th September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH ?
JAMES COLEMAN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
37th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph James Coleman, Her
special license that I, the said Joseph James Coleman, my executors,

page_text: from 10 to 20 per cent. of commercial mineral lubricating oil, and I use
this combination or mixture of oils in the same way as oils have been
usually applied to fibres by spinners as a preparation for spinning and
weaving.
The process may be varied by first applying the cotton seed oil and
then the mineral oil, or vice versa, in the proportions already indicated,
or in proportions approximate thereto.
In the greasing of wool, it being an essential point that the fibres
should be capable of being readily scoured, I do not use more mineral
oil than is absolutely necessary to prevent the clogging effects of cotton
seed oil, but in some cases a larger per centage of mineral oil than that
already indicated may be employed.
Other seed oils, known by oil merchants, by chemists, and by spinners
as "partially drying oils," and resembling cotton seed oil in being liable
to clog fibres when used alone, such as rape seed oil, walnut oil, poppy
oil, hemp seed oil, sessame oil, and sunflower seed oil, or mixtures of the
same, with or without olive oil, can be used in place of cotton seed oil
for admixture with mineral oil for the purposes of this Invention, but I
find cotton seed oil to be economical for the purpose.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe
in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and there-
fore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the using of mineral oil in conjunction with
cotton seed oil or other seed oils for the preparation of fibres for spinning
and weaving operations, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph James Coleman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal; this Fifteenth day of September;
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
TANT
JOSEPH JAMES COLEMAN. (L.S.)