IMPROVED PULLEY BLOCKS
Year: 1884

page_text: We JAMES SWALWELL, of Acre Street, Battersea in the County of Surrey Engineer
and JOHN MOORE of South Stockton on Tees in the County of York, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVED PULLEY BLOCKS, to be
as follows:
Our invention is an improvement in Machinery for raising and lowering weights
and consists of an improved Method of making such machinery self-sustaining in a
more simple and advantageous manner than hitherto
In applying our invention we carry a hand chain wheel (a) and pinion (a¹) loosely
on a pin (6) the pin (b) is carried from one end by a radial arm (61) which swings
loosely on a central pin (c) the other end of the pin (b) may be supported by a
radial arm (b) which works on a pin (d) the pin (d) is in a line with the central
pin (c) On the central pin (c) is placed, free to turn an internal or external
geared wheel (e) into which the pinion (a¹) gears.
Figs 1 & 2 show the geared wheel (e) to be made in one piece with the lifting
barrel (e) but where great power is required another pinion may take the place of
the lifting barrel (e¹) for further gearing as in Fig 3.
The whole is carried by a frame (f) which may be suspended by a hook (g) or
fastened to any part of a building in any suitable way.
The frame also carries loosely on a pin (h) a friction brake (2) which is formed so
as to act as a chain guide for the hand chain. In preparing the machine for lifting,
one end of the chain is fastened to the projection (j) on the radial arm the other
end is thrown over the burden wheel (e¹) this forms a loop in which is hung a
snatch block (k) carrying a hook (k¹).
In lifting, the load is a attached to the hook (¹) the weight is raised by pulling
the hand chain in the proper direction, on the power ceasing to be applied to the
hand chain (one end of the lifting chain being attached to the projection (j) on the
radial arm) the hand chain wheel (a) is pressed against the brake (i) with just
sufficient pressure to prevent the load running down. On again applying the power
to the hand chain, the hand chain wheel (a) is drawn just clear of the brake (i) the
result is that the friction required to keep the load from running down is not acting
against the lifting powers of the Apparatus.
On reversing the direction of the power the weight is lowered. If it requires
lowering quickly the releasing lever (l) is pulled by a cord or other attachment
The radial arm, the releasing lever, and the projection on the radial arm (: of

page_text: which Fig 4 is the plan): may be made in one piece to swing loosely on a fixed pin
as shewn, or they and the pin may be made in one piece and carried free to turn in
Buitable bearings in frame. The lifting barrel may be either a plain barrel and
either chain or rope used in lifting, or as shown with sunken chambers to fit the
chain. Fig 3 is a vertical section showing the application of the self-sustaining
portion of the apparatus to a more powerful piece of machinery.
The radial arm, the releasing lever, and the projection on the radial arm are
the same as in Figs 1 & 2. The internal wheel is also the same, excepting that a
pinion (el) has taken the place of the lifting barrel (e¹) this pinion gears into the
second internal wheel (m) on which is cast the lifting barrel (m²).
The whole is carried on a cranked pin (o) the lower portion of which supports the
burden wheel (m³) the higher portion supports the first internal wheel (e) and
pinion (e) and acts generally in the place of the central pin (c) in Figs 1 & 2: Fig 5
shows the relative positions of the radial arms when at work. The dotted lines
show the brake to be in contact with the hand chain wheel, the full lines show the
position of the arms when the actuating power is applied and the clearance
between the hand chain wheel and the brake
Having thus particularly described our invention and the manner in which
the same is to be carried out, we have to state that we do not restrict ourselves
to the precise details herein described, but that what we believe to be novel and
original and claim as our invention is the manner herein described of making
Machinery for raising and lowering weights self-sustaining, that is to say the load
will remain suspended at any part of the lift until either the releasing lever is
pulled, or the motive power is reversed.

page_text: JAMES SWALWELL of Acre Street, Battersea in the County of Surrey, Engineer,
and JOHN MOORE, of South Stockton on Tees in the county of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVED PULLEY BLOCKS, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention is an improvement in machinery for raising & lowering weights
and consists of an improved method of making such machinery self-sustaining in a
more simple & advantageous manner than hitherto.
In applying our invention we carry a hand chain wheel (a) and pinion (a¹)
loosely on a pin (b) the pin (b) is carried from one end by a radial arm (61) which
swings loosely on a central pin (c) the other end of the pin (b) may be supported
by a radial arm (6') which works on a pin (d) the pin (d) is in a line with the
central pin (c).
On the central pin (c) is placed free to turn an internal or external geared
wheel (e) into which the pinion (a') gears.
Figs 1 & 2 show the geared wheel (e) to be made in one piece with the lifting
barrel (e) but where great power is required another pinion may take the place of
the lifting barrel (e¹) for further gearing as in Fig 3.
The whole is carried in a frame (f) which may be suspended by a hook (g) or
fastened to any part of a building in any suitable way The frame also carries
loosely on a pin (h) a friction brake (i). which is formed so as to act as a chain guide
for the hand chain. In preparing the machine for lifting one end of the chain is
fastened to the projection (5) on the radial arm, the other end is thrown over the
burden wheel (e¹) this forms a loop in which is hung a snatch block (k) carrying a.
hook (k) In lifting, the load is attached to the hook (k¹) the weight is raised by
pulling the hand chain in the proper direction.
On the power ceasing to be applied to the hand chain (one end of the lifting
chain being attached to the projection (j) on the radial arm) the hand chain
wheel (a) is pressed against the brake () with just sufficient pressure to prevent
the load running down. On again applying the power to the hand chain, the hand
chain wheel (a) is drawn just clear of the brake (i) by the tendency of the pinion a¹
to move from the load round the internal geared wheel e; the result is that the
friction required to keep the load from running down is not acting against the
lifting power of the apparatus.
On reversing the direction of the power the weight is lowered.
If it requires lowering quickly the rope attached to the releasing lever (l) is
pulled The radial arm, the releasing lever, and the projection on the radial arm of
which Fig 5 is the plan, may be made in one piece to swing loosely on a fixed pin
as shown, or they and the pin may be made in one piece & carried free to turn in
suitable bearings in frame. The lifting barrel may be either a plain barrel, and
either chain or rope used in lifting, or as shown with sunken chambers to fit the
chain
Fig 8 is a vertical section showing the application of the self-sustaining portion
of the apparatus to a more powerful piece of machinery. The radial arm, the
releasing lever and the projection on the radial arm are the same as in Figs 1 & 2.
The internal wheel is also the same excepting that a pinion (el) has taken the
place of the lifting barrel (e¹) this pinion gears into the second internal wheel (m)
on which is cast the lifting barrel (m²).

page_text: The whole is carried on a cranked pin (o) the lower portion of which supports
the burden wheel (ml) the higher portion supports the first internal wheel (e) and
pinion (e) and acts generally in the place of the central pin (c) in Figs 1 & 2.
Fig 4 shows the relative positions of the radial arms when at work. The dotted
lines show the brake to be in contact with the hand chain wheel, the full lines
show the position of the arms when the actuating power is applied, and the
clearance between the hand chain wheel and the brake.
Figs 6 & 7 show a machine with the brake alone moving to and from the wheel
to apply and release the friction. In this case the hand chain wheel and pinion is
mounted on the central pin, an intermediate pinion p swings upon the arm gearing
into the hand chain wheel pinion and the burden wheel. The arm also carries a
toothed sector which gears into teeth on an eccentric 8 upon which the brake
swings. The action is as follows.-One end of the lifting chain is attached to the
arm, the other is passed over the burden wheel as in Fig 1 & 2 previously described
The result is that in this case the brake moves to the sheave to sustain the load
and away from it when the hand chain is pulled.
Figs 8 & 9 show an arrangement by which we move the brake and the wheel
towards each other simultaneously and to effect this we make the arm which
carries the pinion on one end carry a toothed sector on the other which gears
into teeth on an eccentric s upon which the brake swings. It will be seen that in
this case the brake and the wheel will move towards each other to apply the
friction to sustain the load and away from each other to release the same.
Having thus particularly described our invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed we have to state that we do not restrict ourselves to the
precise details herein described but that what we believe to be novel and original,
and claim as our invention, is the manner herein described of making machinery for
raising and lowering weights self-sustaining, that is to say, the load will remain
suspended at any part of the lift until either the releasing lever is pulled or the
motive power is reversed by means of moving a wheel to a brake as in Figs 1 & 2,
or a brake to a wheel as in Figs 6 & 7, or both the brake and the wheel towards
each other as in Figs 8 and 9 by part of the load, and releasing such friction at each
pull on the hand chain wheel substantially as herein before described, or any mere
modification thereof.
.