Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 31st Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1887
[Communicated from abroad by GEORG WILHELM LYTH, of 7, Bryzzarigatan,
Stockholm, Sweden, Philosophical Instrument Maker.]
I, SAMUEL HENRY GLADSTONE of 7 Great Winchester Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object an improved signal lamp for use on railways and
for other purposes.
The improved signal lamp is intended to give intermittent light signals.
For obtaining such signals the current of heated air, rising from the flame is
employed to act on obliquely bent floats or blades, attached to a framework turning
on a vertical pivot, which framework carries a screen. During the revolutions the
screen intermittingly intercepts the light of the lamp from passing through the lens of
the lantern.
By means of this contrivance alone intermittent light-signals can be produced; but
it will happen in some states of the atmosphere that the turbine and the revolving
screen will come. to a momentary stand. Now, an important feature in the present
invention is a contrivance by which the afore-mentioned inconvenience is obviated.
This contrivance consists in fixing in the chimney of the lantern above the moveable
turbine with its obliquely placed blades other stationary blades or guides inclined in
the same direction as the blades of the turbine; these blades serve to direct a down-
ward current in a way favourable to the rotation of the screen.
By another improvement the effect of the current of heated air on the turbine is
rendered more powerful. This is effected by putting fixed wings or guides under-
neath the turbine. They are inclined in opposite direction to the blades of the turbine.
The current of air in its passage between the fixed guides is diverted and made to
impinge more directly on the surface of the blades of the turbine. These fixed
guides are surrounded by a funnel extending down towards the flame to prevent the
current of air from spreading too much.
A T 1
1007
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Signal Lamp for Use on Railways and for other
Purposes.
I, SAMUEL HENRY GLADSTONE, of 7 Great Winchester Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
This invention has for its object an improved signal lantern for use on railways and
for other purposes.
The improved signal lantern is intended to give intermittent light signals.
For obtaining such signals the current of heated air rising from the flame is
employed to act on obliquely bent floats or blades attached to a framework turning on
a vertical pivot, which framework carries a screen. During the revolutions the screen
intermittently intercepts the light of the lamp from passing through the lens of the
lantern.
By means of this contrivance alone intermittent light-signals can be produced; but
it will happen in some states of the atmosphere that the turbine and the revolving
screen will come to a momentary stand.
Now an important feature in the present invention is a contrivance by which the
afore mentioned inconvenience is obviated. This contrivance consists in fixing in the
chimney of the lantern above the moveable turbine with its obliquely placed blades
other stationary blades or guides inclined in the same direction as the blades of the
turbine these blades serve to direct a downward current in a way favorable to the
rotation of the screen.
The effect of the current of heated air on the turbine is rendered more powerful by
putting fixed wings or guides underneath the turbine, which guides are inclined in
opposite direction to the blades of the turbine.
The current of air in its passage between the last mentioned fixed guides is diverted
and made to impinge more directly on the surface of the blades of the turbine. These
fixed guides are surrounded by a funnel extending down towards the flame to prevent
the current of air from spreading too much.
On the accompanying drawings is shown, however only as an example, a railway-
lantern, adapted to give such signals. Figure 1 is a vertical section through the lantern
with the revolving part shown in a section through the line 1-1 in Figure 7.
Figures 2 and 3 show the collecting funnel in elevation and from below, the bearing
for the pivot being removed, Figure 4 shows the same funnel from above with its
fixed guide blades. Figures 5, 6 and 7 show the revolving frame-work with the
turbine and screen, but without the pivot, in elevation, in plan and in a section
through the line 7-7 in Figure 5. Figure 8 shows in plan the fixed guide blades
placed in the inner chimney. Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating the action of the
guides in directing the air currents.

page_text: a is an exterior covering provided with two opposite lenses b and c, d an interior
lantern provided with two opposite glasses e, f, colored or not, behind the lenses.
This interior lantern d is in its upper part covered by a lid h, turning on a hinge g
and provided with an inner and an outer chimney i, k. is a handle; m is a common
paraffin-lamp with free burner; na funnel for the current of air, rising from the
lamp, provided with holes near its bottom; the fixed guide blades therein. The
funnel n is resting on a plate p carried by the lamp, and is fastened to it by two
bolts 79. The mode of fastening the funnel to the lamp might however be made in
any other suitable way. is the revolving framework. s the turbine, the screen
and a counterweight. The framework is in its upper part provided with a pivot v
resting on a concave sapphirestone or on any other hard material contained in a
box a mounted in the middle of the guides of the funnel n. In order to give to the
framework ample room for swinging without touching the funnel n, this latter is
made tapering downwards. y are the fixed wings or blades in the inner chimney i.
In the lantern shown they are surrounded by a tube, which is attached to the
interior of the chimney by means of a bayonet-lock.
When in use, air enters through openings in the lower part of the lantern (see the
arrows in Figure 1) and escapes mixed with the products of combustion through the
holes at the bottom of the outer chimney k, after having passed through the
guides o and the turbines in the revolving framework (which thereby is put into
rotary motion) as well as the fixed blades y in the inner chimney i.
Without the fixed blades y in the chimney it will happen as before mentioned,
that the turbine is brought to a momentary stand, if by some cause or other, a down-
ward current arises into the lantern, but by putting in the fixed blades or guides y,
which are bent obliquely in the same direction as the blades of the turbines this is
prevented and the revolving part cannot be stopped by a current of air passing down-
ward in the lantern, because these guides direct any downward current as Figure 9
indicates in such a way that it becoines subservient in turning the revolving part in
the right direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a signal lantern provided with a rotating turbine placed over the lamp and
carrying a screen; the use of fixed guide blades above the turbine inclined in the
same direction as the blades of the latter substantially as described and for the
purposes specified.
2. A signal lantern, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as described.
Dated this 20th day of October 1887.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.