CERTAIN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS
Year: 1834

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
DANIEL CAREY, of Basford, in the County of Nottingham, Hat Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
did, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-second day of October, in the fifth year of His reign,
give and grant unto me, the said George Daniel Carey, His especial licence
that I, the said George Daniel Carey, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said George Daniel Carey, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said George Daniel Carey,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Daniel Carey, do hereby describe the manner in which my said
Invention is to be performed, by the following description thereof, reference

page_text: .
being had to the Drawings hereunto aunexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of certain machinery or apparatus to be employed in the
manufacture of hats consists in the adaptation of a system of rollers forming
a machine by means of which the operation of roughing or plaiting of hats
may be performed, that is, the beaver or other, fur may be made to attach
itself and work into the felt or hat body without the necessity of the ordinary
manual operations. The accompanying Drawings represent the machine in
several views for the purpose of shewing the construction of all its parts.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine, Figure 2 is a side elevation
of the same, Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the machine, and Figure 4
is a transverse section, the similar letters indicating the same parts in all
the Figures. Upon a brick or other suitable base a furnace or fireplace a is
made, having a descending flue 6 for the purpose of carrying away the smoke.
A pan or shallow vessel c, c, formed of lead, is placed over the furnace, which
vessel is intended to contain a sour liquor, as a solution of vitriolic acid and
water. On the edge of this pan is erected a wooden casing d, d, d, which
encloses three sides, leaving the fourth open for the purpose of obtaining
access to the working apparatus within. A series of what may be termed
lanthorn rollers, e, e, e, are mounted on axles turning in the side casings,
and another series of similar lanthorn rollers f, f, f, are in like manner mounted
above. The lanthorn rollers are made to revolve by means of bevel pinions
fixed on the ends of their axles, which are turned by similar bevel wheels on
the lateral shafts g and h, driven by a winch i and gear, as shown in Figures
1 and 2. Having prepared the bodies of the hats, and laid upon their surfaces
the usual coatings of beaver or other fur, the hats so prepared are to be placed
between hair cloths, and these hair cloths folded within a canvas or other
suitable wrapper. Three or more hats being thus enclosed in each wrapper,
the packages are severally put into bags or pockets in an endless band of
sackcloth or other suitable material, which endless band is extended over the
Janthorn rollers in the machine. In the first instance, for the purpose of
merely attaching the furs to the felts (which is called sticking when performed
by the hand), I prefer to pass the endless band k, k, k, with the covered hat
bodies over the upper series f. f. f, of the lanthorn rollers, in order to avoid
the inconvenience of disturbing the fur, which might occur from submitting
them to immersion in the solution contained in the pan before the fur had
become attached to the bodies. After this operation of sticking has been
over the lower series of lanthorn
shewn in Figure 3; and having
effected, I distend the endless band k, k, k,
rollers c, c, e, and round a carrier roller l, as

page_text: withdrawn the hat bodies for the purpose of examining them, changing their
folds, I pack them again in a similar way in flannel or other suitable cloths,
and introduce them into the pockets or bags of the endless band as before.
On putting the machinery in rotary motion in the way described, the hats will
be carried along through the apparatus and submitted to the scalding solution
in the pan, and also to the pressure and to a tortuous action between the ribs
of the lanthoru rollers as they revolve, which will cause the ends of the fur to
work into the felted bodies of the hats, and by that means to permanently
attach the nap to the body, an operation which when performed by hand is
called rolling off.
Having described a convenient mode of adapting a series of rollers
constituting a machine for the purpose of ruffing or plaiting of hats, I wish
it to be understood that I do not intend to confine myself precisely to the
form or construction of machine shewn, but intend to avail myself of any
variation or modification of machinery in which a system of rollers, whether
formed as lanthorn or in any other way, having openings or spaces between,
or flutes, shall be applied to the said operation of ruffing or plaiting, or
fixing the fur upon the bodies of hats by friction, pressure, and contortious
action, the hats being enveloped in wrappers in connection with a travelling
band.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Daniel Carey, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-second day of April, in the year of
GEORGE DANL (L.s.) CAREY.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of April,
in the fifth year of the reign of His Majesty King William the Fourth, the
said George Daniel Carey came before our said Lord the King in His
Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every
thing therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the
Instrument aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
made in the fifty-fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the
Third
Inrolled the Twenty-second day of April, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-five.