CERTAIN FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS ON A MILL OR MACHINE FOR GRINDING BARK AND OTHER ARTICLES, WHICH IMPROVE- MENTS CAN BE APPLIED TO SEVERAL OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1810

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
WELDON, of the County and City of Litchfield, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day of September,
in the fiftieth year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said James
Weldon, my exors, admors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said James Weldon, my exors, admors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years therein men-
tioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS ON
A MILL OR MACHINE FOR GRINDING BARK AND OTHER ARTICLES, WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS CAN BE APPLIED TO SEVERAL OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, that if I, the said James Weldon,
shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in Elis
Majesty's High Court of Chancery, within four calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said recited

page_text: Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large
appear And whereas His said most Excellent Majesty, by other His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date on or about the Tenth day of February, in the forty-
first year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said James Weldon,
my exors, admors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said James Weldon, my exors, admors, and assigns,
should and lawfully might, during the term of years therein mentioned, make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "Certain New Improvements on a Machine or
Mill for Grinding Bark and various other Articles," for which I obtained
His Majesty's Letters Patent; in which said now reciting Letters Patent was
contained a proviso, that if J, the said James Weldon, sould not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after the date of
the said now reciting Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all
liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease,
determine, and become void, as in and by the said now recited Letters Patent,
relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear: And
whereas I, the said James Weldon, in compliance with the said last-mentioned
proviso, did, within the time limited in the said now reciting Letters Patent,
cause a certain instrument, under my hand and seal, containing a particular
description of my said Invention, and the manner of performing the same as
aforesaid, to be so inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said last-recited proviso,
I, the said James Weldon, do hereby declare that my said Invention is
described by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following description
thereof :-
tanners.
My improvement is generally on mills for the purpose of grinding bark for
(These mills are generally known by the appellation of coffee mills,)
or Hieghway's and Weldon's patent mill. These mills are made or con-
structed of two cylindrical parts of cast iron, one working within the other,
with teeth or cutters cast on the same, which are kept sharp by cutting with a
chissel and hammer.. Some are made with teeth or cutters screwed or rivetted
on, which are troublesome to keep sharp, and expensive to repair. I there-
fore, to make these mills more permanent and lasting, and as well to do away
every other difficulty attending them, construct them with loose and moveable.

page_text: teeth or cutters; as shewn in the Drawing annexed; each of these loose or
moveable teeth to be in two separate parts, the one part to be of cast iron or
wrought iron, or any other metal which shall be thought most proper. The
other part, which forms the cutting or grinding part, to be of steel or wrought
iron case-hardened. Fig. 3 shews a section of the inner or working cylindrical
part of the mill, which is to be made of cast iron, and which is to have a
groove turned in each end of it, which is to receive the teeth and hold them in
their places, as shewn at f. Fig. 13 shews a tooth taken from the recess or
grooves; c on the opposite side shews a tooth in the recess and grooves. Fig. 1
shews the inner or working part of the mill, with all the teeth fixed in their
respective places, except the last tooth, which is, Fig. 11, marked A, and
which is drove through a small space cut through the bottom flange or groove
(as shewn in Fig. 4 at 6); this tooth is to be drove thro' the space a in
Fig. 1 to the height of the others, and fastened by means of a screw passing
thro' the lower end of the tooth at b, and thence thro' the cylinder; this tooth
acts as a key or wedge to fasten the others in their respective places. Fig. 2
shews the inside of the outside cylinder. This cylinder is likewise made of
cast iron, with the recess and grooves turned in it as described in Fig. 3. d, d,
shews the teeth as being placed in their respective places. Fig. 12 shews the
key tooth as to be drove thro' the aperture, as described before in Fig. 1, and
to be fastened by means of a screw in the same manner. Fig. 10 represents
the stock or part of the tooth which is to fit into the grooves and recess, with
the rabit made on one side, so as to receive the piece of steel, Fig. 9, which
forms the cutting or grinding part of the teeth; this steel, when laid into the
stock, Fig. 10, rises about three-eighths of an inch above the stock, and forms
the height of the cutting part of the tooth; this piece of steel is kept in its
place in the stock by means of two small nibs or studs, one at each end, which
are forced out on the back part of the piece of steel by means of a punch
when hot, as may be seen in Fig. 6, h, h, which shews the revited side of
Fig. 9. These small nibs or stud fall into two small holes or recesses made to.
receive them, as may be seen in the stock, Fig. 10, marked e, e. Fig. 8 repre-
sents the tooth with the steel in the rabit; when so placed the two surfaces
come level together. Fig. 5 represents the plane or back side of the stock or
tooth, and the projection of the steel above it; Fig. 14 represents a tooth as if
cut through the middle at full size, and shewing one end of one of the pieces,
and likewise how the steel is fixed into the rabit of the stock; B shews the end
of the stock; C, the steel, which rises three-eighths of an inch above the stock
and is bevel'd on one side to form a sharp cutting edge; 9 shews the space,
between the cutting parts of the teeth. The curve or bend of the teeth will

page_text: be according to the width or space at the top part of the mill, where the bark,
&c. is to be received into it, which will be according to the opinion of the
maker. The width in general is about five inches. The large teeth or
breakers on the top of the inner part of the mill, marked i, i, i, i, i, Fig. 1,
may be cast on the same, or made of wrought iron and steel, and screwed on, as
those on the outer cylinder marked k, k, &c., may be done in the same manner.
The moveable teeth require to be made of one exact size and form, so as the
parts may fit each other in any place in the recess in the cylinder, so that
when they are taken out to be sharped there may be no difficulty in finding
their proper places. When the teeth require to be sharped, the key tooth or
the tooth that was put in last, which fastens in with a screw, must be drove back,
and then the teeth are at liberty to be taken out. These teeth are to be made
sharp by grinding them on a grinding stone, always observing to grind the
bevel side of the teeth, and keep the other sides flat. They may likewise be
sharped with a file, as the temper of them is brought down low enough for a
file to act on them.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Weldon, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of December One thousand eight hun-