IMPROVE- MENTS IN METALLIC AND OTHER SHIVES OR BUNGS AND IN SECURING THE SAME IN AND TAKING THEM OUT OF THE BUNG HOLES OF ALE AND OTHER BARRELS AND VESSELS to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM ROSE of The Mount Halesowen in the County of Worcester
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN METALLIC AND OTHER SHIVES OR BUNGS AND IN SECURING THE SAME
IN AND TAKING THEM OUT OF THE BUNG HOLES OF ALE AND OTHER BARRELS AND
VESSELS to be as follows:-
"
My invention has reference principally to metallic shives or bungs for closing
and opening the bung holes of ale and other barrels and vessels but is also
applicable to shives or bungs made of non metallic material.
I will describe my invention with reference to a shive made of metal.
The body of the shive is of a cup like form and has a horizontal flange at its top.
The said shive fits the bung hole of the barrel or vessel and when forcibly pressed
home in the manner hereinafter described a washer being placed underneath its
flange it closes the bung hole tightly. On the underside of the shive is an axial
screw on which a cross bar having a corresponding screwed hole at its middle
works. The said bar is somewhat longer than the diameter of the bung hole and
its ends are inclined on their underside.
The said bar is prevented from passing off the end of the screw by a cotter or
other stop. The interior of the shive is provided with snugs or other projections
with which a spanner or key can engage so as not only to be capable of giving a
rotary motion to the shive but also to support it vertically.
The action of the parts described is as follows. In order to fix the shive in the
bung hole it is inclined and its cross bar and lower end of the screw are passed
through the bung hole into the barrel or vessel. The shive is now raised into a
vertical position and its key or spanner engaged with the snugs in its interior. By
now lifting the key or spanner until the cross bar bears against the inner side
of the bung stave of the barrel and turning the key or spauner in the direction
proper to drive home a screw the axial screw of the shive advances in the stationary
cross bar and draws the shive downwards until it enters and closes the bung hole
tightly.

page_text: The removal of the shive or bung is effected by reversing the operation described.
In some cases for example where the body of the shive is made of a non metallic
material and the axial screw is made of metal the top of the said screw passes
through a hole in the bottom of the body of the shive and terminates in a bead.
The screw works freely through the hole in the body of the shive and in this
modification a rotary motion is given to the screw only and the snugs or other
appliances with which the spanner or key engages are made on the head of the
screw. The action of this modification differs in no essential respect from the
action of the arrangement already described. The body of the shive has however
no rotary motion and a washer is placed under the head of the screw to make a
tight joint where the screw passes through the bottom of the body of the shive.
The last described modification may be made wholly of metal.

page_text: I WILLIAM ROSE of the Mount, Halesowen, in the County of Worcester
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
METALLIC AND OTHER SHIVES OR BUNGS AND IN SECURING THE SAME IN AND
TAKING THEM OUT OF THE BUNG HOLES OF ALE AND OTHER BARRELS AND
"9
VESSELS and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference principally to metallic shives or bungs for closing
and opening the bung holes of ale and other barrels and vessels, but is also
applicable to shives or bungs made of non-metallic material.
I will describe my invention with reference to a shive made of metal.
The body of the shive is of a cup like form and has a horizontal flange at its
top. The said shive nearly fits the bung hole of the barrel or vessel and when
forcibly pressed home in the manner herein after described, a washer being placed
underneath its flange, it closes the bung hole tightly. On the underside of the
shive is an axial screw on which a cross bar having a corresponding screwed hole
at its middle works. The said bar is somewhat longer than the diameter of the
bung hole and its ends are inclined on their underside. The said bar is prevented
from passing off the end of the screw by a cotter or other stop. The interior
of the shive is provided with snugs or other projections with which a spanner or
key can engage so as not only to be capable of giving a rotary motion to the
sbive but also to support it vertically.
The action of the parts described is as follows.
In order to fix the shive in the bung hole it is inclined and its cross bar and
lower end of the screw are passed through the bung hole into the barrel or vessel.
The shive is now raised into a vertical position and its key or spanner engaged
with the snugs in its interior. By now lifting the key or spanner until the cross
bar bears against the inner side of the bung stave of the barrel and turning the
key or spanner in the direction proper to drive home a screw, the axial screw of
the shive advances in the stationary cross bar and draws the shive downwards
until it enters and closes the bung hole tightly. The removal of the shive or bung
is effected by reversing the operation described.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in vertical section, a portion
of the bung stave of a barrel to which a metallic shive or bung coustructed
according to my invention is applied; Figure 2 represents the shive or bung in
the act of being secured in the bung hole; Figure 3 represents a plan of the outer
side of the bung stave and shive and Figure 4 represents a plan of the inner side
of the bung stave and shive; Figure 5 represents a modification of the shive or
bung and Figure 6 represents elevations taken at right angles to one another of the
key or spanner which I prefer to use for securing the shive in and taking it out of
the bung hole.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of
the Drawing.
a is the bung stave of the barrel and b the bung hole; c is the body of the
shive of a cup like form and having a horizontal flange 62 at its top; e is a washer
placed in a recess around the bung hole 6 and d, d are snugs on opposite sides of
the interior of the cup like body c for the key or spanner to engage with as herein
after explained. When the sbive c is forced home into the bung hole b in the
manner represented in Figures 1 and 5, the flange b* bears against the washer

page_text: and thereby closes the said bung hole, air and liquid tight. Or instead of using a
washer the underside of the Bange b² may be provided with one or more annular
ribs, somewhat resembling the threads of a screw, which rib or ribs bear upon and
take into the bung stave and close the bung hole tightly. Or the flange b³ on the
body c may be dispensed with as represented in Figure 5, and a washer f be
situated between the outside of the body c and the bung hole 6 for producing an
air and liquid tight joint. On the underside of the shive c is an axial screw / on
which a cross bar i having a screwed hole at its middle works. It will be seen
by an examination of the Drawing that the said cross bar i is somewhat longer
than the diameter of the bung hole band that its ends are slightly inclined. The
end of the axial screw h is expanded for preventing the cross bar i from passing
off the said screw.
The key or spanner represented in Figure 6 is so constructed that while it is
capable of giving a rotary motion to the shive it also supports the said shive
vertically. The said key or spanner consists of a forked part k and a winch or
handle for turning it. In the branches of the forked part k are slots m for
taking upon the snugs d, d on the shive for rotating the said shive. For the
purpose of supporting the shive while it is being turned, two spring arms n, n are
combined with the key or spanner, the bottom of the turned in ends n², n² of the
said spring arms being situated in the slots m, m in the key or spanner.
turned in enda n² of the arms n engage under the bottoms of the snugs d, d when
the slotted ends of the fork k are engaged upon the said snugs. By means of
pushers p, p the spring arms n n can be forced together so as to withdraw their
turned in ends from under the snugs d, d By means of a flanged collar q in which
the rod of the spanner works freely the spanner and the shive carried by it may
be supported during the driving in and taking out operations.
The
In order to fix the shive c in the bung hole bit is inclined and its cross bar i
and the lower end of the screw are passed through the bung hole b into the
barrel or vessel as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2. The shive being lifted
into a vertical position the key or spanner represented in Figure 6 is engaged with
the snugs d, d and the shive is lifted by the said key or spanner until its cross bar i
bears against the inner side of the bung stave in the manner represented in
Figure 2. By now turning the key or spanner in the direction proper to drive
home a screw the axial screw h advances in the stationary cross bar i and draws
the shive c downwards until it enters and closes the bung hole b tightly as
represented in Figures 1 and 5. By reversing the operations described the shive c
may be removed from the bung hole.
The shive or bung may be furnished with a vent peg. The shive may be
secured in its place without the use of the mechanical spanner Figure 6 by fixing
a nail or screw r near the edge of the bung hole in the position indicated in dotted
lines in Figures 1 and 4 the end of the said nail or screw extending below the
level of the ends of the cross bar i when the latter is in its lowest position. As the
said nail or screw 7 prevents the rotation of the cross bar i the shive does not
require to be lifted while being driven home in the bung hole and it may be
turned by an ordinary spanner.
in a head.
.
In some cases for example where the body of the shive c is made of a non-
metallic material and the axial screw h is made of metal, the top of the said screw
is made to pass through a hole in the bottom of the body of the shive and terminates
The screw works freely through the hole in the body of the shive and
in-this modification a rotary motion is given to the screw only and the snugs or
other appliances with which the spanner or key engages are made on the head of
the screw.
The action of this modification differs in no essential respect from the
action of the arrangement already described. The body o of the shive has
however no rotary motion and a washer is placed under the head of the screw to
make a tight joint where the screw passes through the bottom of the body of the
shive.
The last described modification may be made wholly of metal.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is of "Improvements in metallic and other shives or bungs and in securing
the same in and taking them out of the bung holes of ale and other barrels and
vessels -
27
First The combination of the axial screw h and cross bar i with the cup like
shive or bung c, the several parts being constructed and acting substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly-The improved key or spanner herein before described and illustrated
in Figure 6 of the accompanying drawing to be used in securing the shive or bung
in and taking it out of the bung hole.
Thirdly The modification herein before described of the shive or bung in which
the axial screw works freely through a hole in the body of the shive or bung and
the key or spanner is made to engage with snugs on the head of the axial screw.
Dated this Eighteenth day of November 1884.