AN IMPROVED OVEN OR APPARATUS FOR BAKING, HEATING, OR DRYING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Ward, of the North of England Ad-
vertiser Office, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED OVEN OR APPARATUS FOR BAKING, HEATING, OR DRYING."
Sealed the 9th October 1869, and dated the 30th April 1869.

page_text: The apparatus I prefer to construct of bricks and metal. I construct
a furnace underneath the apparatus, the heat from which operates upon
the under side of a bed plate, first by immediate action, and next by
means of a flue which passes round it. Upon the bed plate in the centre
I erect a tube in a vertical direction into which the heat is conveyed
after having traversed the under side of the bed plate. Round the tube
I place any desirable number of moveable shelves for receiving the articles
to be subjected to heat; these shelves being constructed with a hole in
the centre to receive the vertical tube. Each shelf may thus be caused
to revolve round the tube for the purpose of conveniently receiving or
removing the articles to be treated. To facilitate the revolution of the
shelves I use pulleys held by suitable supports. Admission to the oven
is obtained by means of a door of suitable size. Having built up the
sides of the oven with bricks I place a cistern upon the top for the
purpose of affording a supply of hot water. The cistern has a hole in
the centre to receive the vertical tube which may be continued into any
ordinary chimney. When desirable the cistern may be substituted by
one or more flags or fire gnarls, or the oven may be otherwise covered in.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Ward in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 30th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
WARD, of the North of England Advertiser Office, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Ward, Her special
licence that I, the said Robert Ward, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Ward, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and

page_text: vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED.
OVEN OR APPARATUS FOR BAKING, HEATING, OR DRYING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Robert Ward, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to.
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Ward, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention has for its object economy of fuel, continuous
application of heat, cleanliness and convenience in the process of baking,
heating, or drying, and to afford a supply of hot water in connecting
therewith: The materials of construction preferred are bricks and
metal.
I construct a furnace underneath the apparatus, the heat from which
operates upon the under side of a bed plate first by immediate action,
and next by means of a flue which passes round it. Upon the bed plate.
in the centre I erect a tube in a vertical direction, into which the heat
is conveyed after having traversed the under side of the bed plate.
Round this tube I place any desirable number of moveable shelves for
receiving the articles to be subjected to heat, these shelves being con-
structed with a hole in the centre to receive the vertical tube. Each
shelf may thus be caused to revolve round the tube for the purpose of
conveniently receiving or removing the articles to be treated. To
facilitate the revolution of the shelves I use pulleys held by suitable
supports. Admission to the oven is obtained by means of a door of.
suitable size. Having built up the sides of the oven with bricks, I
place a cistern upon the top for the purpose of affording a supply of
hot water. The cistern has a hole in the centre to receive the vertical
tube, which may be continued into any ordinary chimney.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a front elevation;
Figure 2, a vertical section through E, F; and Figure 3, a horizontal

page_text: section through A, B, with lower shelf removed.
the same parts are indicated by the same letters.
In all the Figures
a is a plate forming a shelf round the top of the oven; b is the cistern
for supplying hot water; c is the hole through it, and forming the
outlet of the flue in continuation of the vertical tube; d is the door of
the oven; e is the door of the furnace; fis the brickwork surrounding
the oven; g is the furnace; h is the bed plate, constructed so as to
take up the heat from the furnace and radiate or diffuse it throughout
the oven, for which purpose it is provided with gills or radiating
plates, as shown; i is the flue underneath the bed plate, a plan of which
and of the furnace is shown by the dotted lines in Figure 3; j is the
vertical tube or pipe, which is also constructed with gills; k is a hot
air chamber; is the interior of the oven; m are the shelves, capable
of being revolved on the pulleys which support them; n are upright
bars for carrying the pulleys; o is a damper, which may be pushed
wholly or partially over the top of the upright tube by the handle Pi
is a door for giving access to the flue for the purpose of cleaning,
for which purpose also the hot water cistern may be lifted off its place;
is a thermometer.
Figure 4 shows a plan, and Figure a section of another mode of
carrying off the smoke or gases from the upright tube.
b is the hot water cistern; k is the hot air chamber, a plan of which
is indicated by the dotted lines; and c is the outlet.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that what I
claim is,-
First. The general construction or arrangement of oven herein
described.
Second. The constructing ovens with a vertical flue or flues passing up
through them.
Third. The constructing ovens with a vertical fluc passing up
centrally through them, and with shelves capable of being revolved
around the central flue.

page_text: Fourth. The heating ovens by a flue passing around the bed plate
forming the bottom of the oven, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Ward, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Twenty-eighth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.