IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE, COCOA, OR CHICORY
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Faulder, of Stockport, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH
APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE, COCOA, OR CHICORY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Faulder at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th March 1881.
HENRY FAULDER, of Stockport, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE,
COCOA, OR CHICORY."
My Invention relates to improvements in and connected with apparatus
employed for roasting coffee, cocoa, or chicory, and in which a revolving iron or
steel cylinder containing the coffee, cocoa, or chicory is heated by means of a
horizontal burner supplied with a mixture of gas and air. Previous to my said
Invention such horizontal burners have been rigidly connected to the frames
supporting the cylinder, and have been a fixture. This is objectionable principally
on account of the tubes becoming charged with coffee when emptying the contents
of the cylinder into the cooler.
My Invention has for its object in the first place to provide such apparatus with
a burner that can be placed in position and removed therefrom quickly. To this
end I form on or connect to the pipe which supplies the gas to the burner one or
more arms or studs on each end, such arms or studs being formed with recesses
which form a seating for the frame of the burner herein after mentioned. The
burner consists of a horizontal frame composed of two longitudinal rails connected
together at a suitable distance apart by means of end-rails which are formed with
slots which fit onto the said recesses, or may be otherwise formed. The two
longitudinal rails support and carry a number of brass or other metal pipes passing
through the two rails, and into which the gas and air is led, the said frame and
pipes forming the removable burner. The said brass pipes may be of a bell-mouth
form at their openings, and are arranged in line with and at a suitable distance
from a corresponding number of jets formed on or fitted to the gas supply pipe at

page_text: the side of the cylinder. The distance apart of the said brass pipes from the jets
of the gas supply pipe forms an air space where the air mixes thoroughly with the
gas issuing from the jets, and is carried into the burner. In practice I have found
the distance of about three quarters of an inch to be suitable.
A second part of my Invention consists in forming the interior of the casing
which encloses the revolving cylinder with a lining of fire clay or other suitable
non-conducting substance or material for the purpose of preventing to a great extent
the radiation of heat from within the said revolving cylinder. A remaining part
of my Invention consists in connecting the chimney of such apparatus to the lower
end of one side of the outer casing and deflecting it upwards. By this arrangement
the heat escaping from the interior of the casing is made to escape by the
chimney at the bottom and side of the casing, by which means the heated air
generated in the cylinder is retained therein for a longer time than is the case
when the chimney is mounted at the top of the casing as heretofore. A remaining
part of my Invention consists in making the covering for the roasting cylinders of
steel in lieu of iron heretofore employed, steel being more durable, a better conductor
of heat, and can be made thinner to be of equal strength with iron.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Faulder in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th September
"
1881.
HENRY FAULDER, of Stockport, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
* IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH APPARATUS FOR ROASTING Coffee,
COCOA, OR CHICORY."
A
My Invention relates in the first place to improvements in the burners employed
in apparatus for roasting coffee, cocoa, or chicory, in which a cylinder revolving
within a casing is heated by means of the combustion of gas and air. Previous to
this part of my Invention such burners have been made a fixture, being rigidly
connected with the framing of the apparatus, which is objectionable on account of
the tubes of the burner becoming charged with coffee or other matters when turning
out the contents of the roasting cylinder into the cooler placed thereunder. To
remedy this defect I form, fit, or provide the said apparatus with a removable
burner formed of a rectangular frame, having two parallel and longitudinal bars
connected a suitable distance apart by means of end rails. The said frame carries
a series of brass or other metal pipes, which may be bell mouthed at one end.
gas supply pipe fixed in front of the cylinder casing is formed or provided with a
series of nozzles corresponding in number with the said brass pipes, which are fixed
at a distance of about three quarters of an inch therefrom. The gas being turned
on it flows from the nozzles into the corresponding tubes, and carries air along
with it to the burner. The said gas supply pipe is cast or formed with arms which
support the rectangular frame and burner in position, and which latter can be
readily removed therefrom. A second part of my Invention consists in providing
the casing, enclosing the said revolving cylinder with a lining of asbestos, fire clay,
or other non conductor of heat, the object being to prevent the radiation from
within the casing. A third part of my Invention consists in connecting the
chimney or funnel of the casing to the lower part and side thereof, and then
deflecting it upwards, the object being to prevent the ready egress of heated air
from within the casing, whereby loss of heat is reduced, as heat may readily
escapes when the chimney is mounted on the top of such casing as heretofore.
The revolving cylinder hereinbefore mentioned is preferably constructed of steel in
lieu of iron heretofore employed for this purpose, as I have found from practice that
steel is more durable, a better heat conductor, and can be made of thinner plate
and of equal strength with iron.
And in order that the Invention may be more fully understood, I have caused to
be appended hereto a Sheet of Drawings marked with letters of reference to which
I will now refer :-
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a cross section of a machine or
apparatus for roasting coffee, cocoa, or chicory. The chimney p is connected to
the casing a, as indicated, and deflected upwards; by this arrangement the heated
air generated in the casing escapes less readily than is the case when the chimney
is mounted in the ordinary manner; Fig. 3 is a plan of the arms or brackets
carrying the gas supply pipe; Figs. 4 and 5 represent a side view and plan of the
improved burner. In Figs. 1 and 2 the cylindrical casing a supported on legs or
standards b is heated along its entire length by means of gas and air supplied to
the pipes o of the burner. The inside of the said casing is lined or coated with
asbestos d or other suitable non conductor of heat, the object being to prevent to a
great extent the escape of heat from within the casing during the roasting. The
arms or brackets h carrying the gas supply pipe i are bolted or secured to the
framing b. The said pipe i is provided with a series of nozzles j, from which the

page_text: gas issues into the pipes o carrying with it a quantity of air. I have found in
practice that a distance of about three quarters of an inch between the nozzles and
pipes to be suitable. The rectangular frame n and pipes o forming the removable
burner can be placed on or removed from the studs or arms k, k¹, cast on or
connected to the gas supply pipe i. The slots 1, 71, formed on the frame n drop into
recesses m, m³, in the arms or studs k, k, and, the burner becomes securely fixed
in position under the revolving cylinder. When the roasting is completed, the
rectangular frame n carrying the pipes o, and constituting the burner, can be
readily removed from off the arms k, k², and the contents of the cylinder emptied
more readily, and the liability of the pipes o. becoming charged with the roasted
matter obviated. The revolving cylinder is preferably made of steel in lieu of iron
heretofore employed, steel being more. durable, a better heat conductor, and can be
made of equal strength with iron of comparatively thinner plate.
Having now described and indicated the nature of my Invention, and means
for carrying the same into. effect, I would have it to be understood that I
claim,-
First. Providing the said apparatus with a burner which can be removed or
placed in position as required, substantially as hereinbefore described for the purpose
specified.
Secondly. Providing the casing enclosing the revolving cylinder with a lining of
a non conductor of heat, for the purpose specified.
Thirdly. The connection of the chimney with the lower end and side of the
casing, for the purpose specified.
Fourthly. Constructing the said revolving cylinders of steel in lieu of iron, for
the specified purpose.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Faulder, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty one.
HENRY TAULDER.
(U.D.)