Improvements in Jacquard and similar Mechanism for Looms.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 16th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Jacquard and similar Mechanism for Looms.
I, JOACHIM CHARPENEL, of 31, Rue de l'Hotel-de-Ville, Lyon, in the Republic
of France, Cloth-Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to looms and comprises improvements in Jacquard,
Vincenzi and other similar mechanisms and which may be applied to hand, or
power-looms in-which use is made of cards or endless paper bands.
By way of an example I will describe my invention as applied to Jacquard
mechanism for looms.
According to one part of my invention I employ in lieu of the square prism,
generally called the cylinder or barrel, heretofore in use, a cylinder of octagonal
shape, and of special construction, which, owing to the number of sides or faces
causes the mechanism to work at every th of a revolution instead of at a
revolution as heretofore.
This improved cylinder is formed with an external casing divided into three
parts, of which the two end ones are capable of sliding, while the middle part
is stationary. These three portions are mounted upon an internal boss fur-
nished at each end with gudgeons or trunnions.
The arrangement in sections of this casing is of the highest importance, be-
cause it permits of completely counteracting the hygrometric effect of the paper
and card-board which effect has hitherto always prevented the employment of
paper and in many cases the employment of cardboard for the design owing to
them becoming frequently deteriorated by the humidity of the atmosphere thus
presenting a serious inconvenience in weaving when it is desired to obtain a
perfect cloth. By the aid of this improved cylinder however, it becomes possible
at all seasons, and with any degree of humidity or dryness of the air, to use
perforated cards or paper bands which by reason of the sliding arrangement of
the ends, can be regulated at any moment by inserting the pins of the cylinder
in the corresponding holes of the cards or the endless paper band.
This improved arrangement of cylinder therefore is of very great importance
both as regards the working thereof and the economy effected by the utilization
of a quantity of perforated cards and paper bands which were previously con-
sidered useless, on account of their variation in width, for further use with the
old form of cylinder.
In consequence of this sectional arrangement of cylinder the needle-board
formerly constructed in a single piece, is now, like its cylinder, made in three
sections, viz. a stationary middle portion, and two sliding end-portions, forming
a frame enabling the pins of the cylinder to be placed exactly into the corre-
sponding holes of the needle-plate, in order to ensure that each needle may
penetrate concentrically the holes in the cylinder, and thus ensure the production
of a perfect cloth.

page_text: A further improvement consists in dispensing with the spring-box case and
replacing the same by a movable grating operated by levers serving the same
purpose, viz. to automatically advance the needle by advancing the grating and
then set them free by withdrawing the grating.
This grating is mounted in the interior of the machine-frame and is com-
posed of a wooden skeleton-frame furnished at its lower portion with a series of
longitudinal bars preferably of an inverted T-shaped form, for the purpose of
separating the rows of hooks from each other and rendering them stationary at
the required time as will hereinafter be explained. To this grating is fixed
upon each side, at its upper portion, a bar adapted to pass through and slightly
project from the needle-board before the cylinder is brought into contact with
it.
Two movable levers are pivoted by their lower ends to the side cheeks of the
grating and impart thereto an alternate forward motion, during the ascension
of the comb or griffe with the hooks or lifters, by means of rollers secured to
the said frame.
The forward motion of the grating has the effect of projecting the guide bars
at the sides thereof beyond the needle-board and at the same time causes the
inverted shaped bars to move the needle forward.
I also provide a device, which, combined with the ordinary batten or lay
operating mechanism, is designed to deaden to the greatest extent the shock of
the cylinder mounted in the frame of the batten on striking against the needle-
board. This device comprises a presser or key pivoted at its lower end upon a
pin mounted in a support on the framing, and pressed forwardly by a suitable
spring against a stop. A roller being mounted upon a stud at the inner side of
the presser-bar.
By this device when the frame of the hooks or lifters ascends, taking with it
the presser bar the roller mounted on the latter encounters no obstruction as it
merely pushes back the key against the tension of its spring, but at the descend-
ing movement of the frame with the hooks or lifters the said roller returns over
the rear side of the key, which is now unable to yield owing to the stop before
mentioned, so that the presser bar now participates in the motion of the batten
until the roller escapes at the lower end of the key, when it leaves to the
ordinary rollers the work of freely applying the cylinder against the board.
Thus the batten only is free towards the end of its return motion and thus
the shock is greatly reduced so that not only less noise is caused during the
working of the loom but also the perforated chain of cards, or paper-band, form-
ing the design, is better preserved.
In order to ensure perfect working it is preferable to adapt a similar device at
opposite ends of the mechanism, but so disposed as to face each other.
In connection with the mechanism above described I provide a novel form of
hook or lifter. These hooks or lifters instead of being curved in a single bend
as heretofore are constructed with a double bend, the rear-one of which is
arranged to project lower and repose upon the hole board; the front bend being
shorter and forming the hook proper.
This special form thus given to these hooks or lifters causes the weight of the
lead to bring them forward without however preventing the least resistance, so
that they are not permitted to return rearward on being released..
A further improvement relates to the hole board, which at its upper surface is
formed with a series of grooves in which the rear portions or heels of the hooks
or lifters repose, which permit of keeping each row of hooks in the proper
position.
A grating having inclined blades disposed near the lower end of the hooks or
lifters maintains the latter in position in the other direction. The inclination
given to the blades being for the purpose of facilitating the distribution of the
hooks or lifters during the descending motion should any of them have become
displaced, and this without offering any resistance.

page_text: The operation of my improved mechanism is as follows:-
When the loom is at rest; the comb or griffe has completed its motion and
the hooks or lifters are all in their position ready for engagement.
If now the cylinder is furnished with the design and the treadle depressed, the
comb or griffe in ascending strikes by means of its small rollers against the
levers of the movable grating, but without operating the same owing to their
being engaged already.
During this ascending movement the pressure bars and their rollers in ascend-
ing with the comb or griffe have left the cylinder and run along a curved guide
while the cylinder is turned round one eighth of a revolution by means of a catch
thus bringing another portion of the drawing or design into operation. At this
moment the comb or griffe is ready to descend and the rollers at each side run
along the levers of the movable grating till they reach a bend therein.
After the comb or griffe has thus descended and the blades thereof have passed
the heads of the hooks or the cylinder strikes first against the guide bars at the
side of the grating which project, and thereby pushes them back so as to liberate
the needles.
In this manner the movable grating and its longitudinal bars are removed to
the rear, while the levers thereof incline outwardly.
The needles are now free and owing to the form of the hooks or lifters which
by themselves are unable to move rearward but which offer no resistance, they
are either repelled or allowed to enter the holes in the cylinder according to the
perforations in the design.
The levers of the batten and their supports fixed to the sides of the batten
are slotted so as to enable them to be adjusted towards the right or the left in
order to cause the cylinder to always strike fair against the needle board.
Dated this 16th day of November 1899.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
improvements in Jacquard and similar Mechanism for Looms.
I, JOACHIM CHARPENEL, of 31, Rue de l'Hotel-de-Ville, Lyon, in the Republic
of France, Cloth-Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
This invention relates to looms and comprises improvements in Jacquard,
Vincenzi or other similar mechanisms and which may be applied to hand or power-
looms in which use is made of cards or endless paper bands.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
practice I will describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which I have shewn my improved arrangement as applied to Jacquard mech-
anism for looms.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, and
Figure 2 is a sectional side-elevation on the line 1-2 of Figure 1 of my im-
proved mechanism.
In carrying my invention into effect I employ in lieu of the square prism
generally called the cylinder or barrel, heretofore in use, a cylinder J of octagonal
shape, and of special construction, which, owing to the number of sides or faces

page_text: causes the mechanism to work at every th of a revolution instead of at a revolu-
tion as heretofore.
The cylinder J is formed with an external casing divided into three parts,
of which the two end ones are capable of sliding, while the middle part is
stationary. These three portions are mounted upon an internal boss furnished
at each end with gudgeons or trunnions.
The arrangement in section of this casing is of the highest importance inas-
much as it permits of entirely counteracting the hygrometric effect of the paper
and card-board which has hitherto always prevented the employment of paper
and in many cases the employment of card-board for the design owing to them
becoming frequently deteriorated by the humidity of the atmosphere thus pre-
senting a serious inconvenience in weaving when it is desired to obtain a perfect
.cloth.
By the aid of my improved cylinder however, it becomes possible at all seasons,
and with any degree of humidity or dryness of the air, to use perforated cards
or paper bands which by reason of the sliding arrangement of the ends, can be
regulated at any moment by inserting the pins of the cylinder in the corre-
sponding holes of the cards or the endless paper band.
This improved arrangement of cylinder therefore is of very great importance
both as regards the working thereof and the economy effected which economy is
still further increased by the utilization of a quantity of perforated cards and
paper bands which were previously considered useless, on account of their varia-
tion in width, for further use with the old form of cylinder.
In consequence of this sectional arrangement of the cylinder J, the needle-
board P, formerly constructed in a single piece, is now, like its cylinder, made
in three sections, viz.: a stationary middle portion, and two sliding end-portions
forming a frame enabling the pins of the cylinder to be placed exactly into the
corresponding holes of the needle-plate in order to ensure that each needle may
penetrate concentrically the holes in the cylinder, and thus ensure the production
of a perfect cloth.
A further improvement consists in dispensing with the spring box case and
replacing the same by a movable grating D operated by levers C serving the
same purpose, viz.: to automatically advance the needles by advancing the
grating and then set them free by withdrawing the grating.
This grating D is mounted in the interior of the machine-frame and is com-
posed of a wooden skeleton-frame furnished at its lower portion with a series of
longitudinal bars preferably of an inverted T-shaped form for the purpose of
separating the rows of hooks from each other and rendering them stationary at
the required time as will be hereinafter explained. To this grating D is fixed
upon each side, at its upper portion, a bar E adapted to pass through and slightly
project from the needle-board P before the cylinder is brought into contact with
it.
Two movable levers C pivotted at their lower ends to the sides of the grating D
are adapted to impart motion to said grating as will be hereinafter explained.
I also provide a novel form of hook or lifter L. These hooks or lifters instead
of being curved in a single bend as heretofore are constructed with a double
bend, the rear-one of which is arranged to project lower and repose upon the
hole board M the front bend being shorter and forming the hook proper. The
special form thus given to these hooks or lifters causes the weight of the lead to
bring them forward without however presenting the least resistance, so that they
are not permitted to return rearward on being released.
A further improvement relates to the hole board M which at its upper sur-
face is formed with a series of grooves in which the rear portions or heels of the
hooks or lifters repose, and which permit of keeping each row of hooks in the
proper position.
A grating S having inclined blades disposed near the lower end of the hooks
or lifters maintains the latter in position in the other direction. The inclina-

page_text: on given to the blades being for the purpose of facilitating the distribution of
he hooks or lifters L during the descending motion should any of them have
ecome displaced, and this without offering any resistance.
In order to render the drawing clear the reference letters therein designate
e following parts:
ton given to the blades being for the purpose of facilitating the distribution of
the hooks or lifters L during the descending motion should any of them have
become displaced, and this without offering any resistance.
In order to render the drawing clear the reference letters therein designate
the following parts:
the griffe frame or comb.
B small rollers secured to the griffe.
Clever of movable grating.
D movable grating furnished with longitudinal bars d.
E guide bars at the sides of the grating.
e springs attached to the levers C.
F
presser-bar of the comb or griffe A having rollers F"..
G curved guides for the forward motion of the batten.
H catch.
I small rollers fixed to the sides of the comb or griffe.
Joctagonal cylinder having sliding end portions.
Kjoint of the sliding portions of the cylinder.
L hooks.
M hole-board.
N set-screw for fixing the sliding ends of the cylinder.
O lever or batten mounted in the guide O¹.
needle-board having extensible end-portions.
R regulating screws for the regulation of the supports or guides of the levers
of the batten.
S grating with inclined blades S₁ reposing in the heels of the hooks L.
The operation of my improved mechanism is as follows:-
In the drawing the loom is shewn in its position of rest, all the needles being
for the sake of clearness shewn out of engagement with the needle board P;
athough it will be understood that according to the design of the fabric there
will necessarily always be some of the hooks and needles in engagement.
The loom being at rest, the grating D is pushed from right to left by the pres-
sure of the cylinder against the pieces E projecting from said grating. It should
here be mentioned that, when the loom is idle the cylinder J tends to apply
itself to the needle board P.
When the treadle is depressed and the griffe A is thereby lifted the rollers B
carried by the griffe A strike against the bend of the levers C thus tending to
push these latter towards the left, the springs e, being in tension when the loom
is at rest, assisting in this movement, although it should be understood that
the strength of said springs is not sufficient to actuate the levers unaided by the
rolers B.
When the rollers B aided by the springs e have pushed the upper parts of
the levers C from right to left, these latter oscillate around their fulcrums formed
by the rollers I, I, between which the levers C are held. Thus it will be seen
that the lower ends of the levers C pivotted to the grating D) actuate this latter.
During the ascending movement of the griffe A, the presser bars F and their
rollers Fi (in ascending with the comb or griffe A) have left the cylinder J and
run along a curved guide G while the cylinder is turned round one eighth of a
revolution by means of a catch H thus bringing another portion of the drawing
or design into operation. At this moment the comb or griffe A is ready to
descend and the rollers B at each side run along the levers Cuntil till they reach
the bend therein.
After the comb or griffe A has thus descended and the blades thereof have
passed the heads of the hooks or lifters L, the cylinder strikes first against the
guide bars E at the side of the grating which project, and thereby pushes them
back so as to liberate the needles.
In this manner the movable grating D and its longitudinal bars d are removed
to the rear.

page_text: The needles are now free and owing to the form of the hooks or lifteks, which
by themselves are unable to move rearward but which offer no resistance, they
are either repelled or allowed to enter the holes in the cylinder according to the
perforations in the design.
The levers of the batten and their supports O₁ fixed to the sides of the batten
are slotted at R. so as to enable them to be adjusted towards the right or the
left in order to cause the cylinder to always strike fair against the needle-board P.
Although I have described and considered the cylinder with eight sides to be
preferable in actual use, I wish it to be understood that the essential feature of
my invention consists in constructing the cylinder with sliding ends, and it is
obvious that I may employ a cylinder with any desirable number of sides with-
out departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a Jacquard or other mechanism for looms, a sectional cylinder arranged
in a longitudinal direction, the ends of said cylinder being adapted to draw out
so as to permit of lengthening or shortening the cylinder for the purpose of ob-
taining a proper fit of the chain of cards or endless paper bands substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. In a Jacquard or other mechanism for looms the arrangement of a movable
grating to which are attached actuating levers in combination with small rollers
on the comb or griffe, which rollers by their action effect the advance motion of
all the hooks or lifters intended to be lifted until the moment when the cylinder
makes contact; the hooks or lifters and the needles having previously been set
free to enable them to be pushed back or not by the cards or the paper band
according to the variations in the design substantially as described and illus-
trated by the accompanying drawings.
3. In looms the improved form of hooks or lifters in combination with a hole
board having grooves for supporting said hooks or lifters; said board being
furnished with a grating formed of inclined blades substantially as described
and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 16th day of Aurust 1900
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.