IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- PACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Barnabas Daft, of the Irish Engineering
Company, Dublin, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES."
Sealed the 2nd December 1856, and dated the 4th August 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Barnabas Daft
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th August 1856.
I, THOMAS BARNABAS DAFT, of the Irish Engineering Company, Dublin, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES," to be.as follows:-:
Chills or moulds of metal are used, one for a "spigot" and one for a
"faucet," and placed on the pattern for the pipe. The whole are moulded
together, and then the pattern is taken away, leaving the chills or moulds of
metal in the sand, so that when the molten metal is run the ends are formed.
so as to fit the one into the other accurately.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Barnabas Daft in the Great Seal Patent Office. on
the 2nd February 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BARNABAS DAFT, of the Irish Engineering Company, Dublin, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Barnabas Daft, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Bar-
nabas Daft, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Thomas Barnabas Daft, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Barnabas Daft, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Barnabas Daft, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:―
This Invention has for its object the forming of spigot and faucet ends upon
cast-iron pipes true enough to make "metal to metal" joints without turning
and boring. Chills or iron moulds are made of suitable dimensions and angle
to form a spigot at one end and a faucet at the other end of cast-iron pipes.
They are placed upon the pipe pattern and moulded therewith, and when the
pattern is removed from the sand the spigot and faucet chills are to be
returned to their respective places, and the metal being poured into the
mould, a pipe is cast with a spigot at one end and a faucet at the other,
which would, if the pipe were broken to allow of them being brought together
most accurately, fit "metal to metal;" consequently, when a number of such
pipes be made, they would fit spigot into faucet in a continuous manner; and

page_text: the accuracy of this joint is found to be such, that by simply wetting the
surfaces to be united and driving them home, they rust up in a few days, and
form a perfectly steam-tight joint, requiring several hundred pounds on the
inch to separate. But generally the joints for gas and water purposes may be
made by applying a luting of red lead or other suitable material, and in some
cases tar will be found to form a sound and durable joint.
When lightness and great strength, together with a great resistance to
separating, be required, or where considerable expansion and contraction may
be expected, I prefer to make spigots at both ends of the pipes, and cast the
faucets separately, having a double faucet or short pipe with a faucet at each
end to receive spigots, the spigot of one pipe very nearly touching the spigot
of another when driven home. The faucets so cast separately may be made
of tougher or malleable iron, or of a quality particularly suitable for allowing
the spigots being driven very tight home without splitting the sockets, and
thus resist great pressure or tendency from any cause to separate. And where
extreme lightness and strength is an object, I prefer to have the faucets made
of wrought iron welded up into a ring or short cylinder, and subjected to the
action of dies and pressure, so as to produce a uniformly even surface, and
accurately to fit the spigot intended for it.
A shoulder is produced at the base of the spigot, and when a malleable iron
faucet is used, it may be rivetted over the shoulder after the spigots have been
well driven home, and be proof against very extraordinary pressure or tendency
to separate. In some cases I find it advantageous to make the joints very
slightly conical or plug-shaped, or even parallel, and they may also be made
partly parallel and partly conical, so that considerable expansion and con-
traction may take place without leakage. In cases where the joints are
parallel, the spigots may be driven to touch each other, and assist materially
in making a good joint.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Barnabas Daft, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 27th day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
THOMAS BARNABAS DAFT. (L.B.)
Witness,
WILL. PARE,
of Seville Iron Works, Dublin.