IMPROVEMENTS IN SILK WINDING MACHINERY
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bell-
⚫ford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 16th November 1854.-A communication.
I, AUGUSTE EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of 16, Castle Street, Holborn
(City,). London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SILK WINDING MACHINERY" to be as follows, viz. :-
These improvements apply to winding the silk staple from the cocoon on
the reel in such manner that the successive coils only come in contact when
the preceding ones have already been able to dry, so as to prevent the silk
staple from sticking together, in consequence of the glutinous matter developped
by the heat of the bath in which the cocoons are immersed, while they are
wound off.. I obtain this result, as well as the crossing of each coil of the
staple on the same point of the circumference, by means of a regular and
progressive traversing motion which is given to the bar carrying the thread
guides of a set of reels, with the faculty of transmitting this motion to the
guide bar of other rows of reels without using a complete apparatus.
Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings is the front elevation of an apparatus
working two reels; Fig. 2 is the side elevation of the spreader; Fig. 3 is the
geometrical plan of the same apparatus and of its two reels. The motion may·
be given to the shaft A by any motive power, and transmitted by the gearing
B, B, to the pinions C, C, placed on the axis of the whisks D, D. This motion
may be stopped at will by acting on the forks E, E, which are close to the

page_text: hand of the operator, each conducting a clutch with one arm or pin to a
single tooth, giving the motion to the shaft A, and to the wheel B, loose on
this shaft. It is essential that there should be a single pin to each clutch, the
transmission by gearing, as well as to ensure the regularity of the working
of the machine.
The to and fro motion of the guide bar O is given by the working shaft A,
by gearing B', C¹, similar to that of the whisks, and transmitted by the
pinions 1, 2; the pinion 1 being placed on the shaft G, and pinion 2 on
the vertical screw-shaft-H,-and-thenice, -by-the-pinions 3 & 4,-to the horizontal
shaft I, and from thence again, by the pinions 5 and 6, in the relation of one
to two, to the shaft J, parallel to the guide bar. On this shaft J the excentric
collar K slides, continuing its rotary action, drives the pulley L, placed on the
guide bar O, where, being always kept tight against the collar K by a counter-
weight, it is evident, that while the whisk has made two revolutions, the
collar in its rotary motion will cause the guide bar to advance, and consequently
with it the thread, on the first turn of the whisk, throwing back this same
thread on the second turn, and thus crossing it upon the first. If this motion
was thus continued, the following threads would be brought to rest on the
preceding ones; but the collar K, sliding on the shaft J, causes the second
crossing to advance, taking a convenient distance from the first, so as to avoid
the points of contact, effects the same and for the third, and the others
following. When the bank is sufficiently wide, it returns back, depositing the
successive crossings in succession on the whisk, having them distanced with
the same regularity. The back and forward motion of the collar K is given
by the fork M, which is driven forward by the excentric N, fixed on the
axis P, receiving its motion from the wheel R and the endless screw of
the shaft H; the wheel R advancing one tooth' at every crossing causes the
excentric, acting on the fork M and the collar K, to turn, being still pressed
against it by means of its counterweight. The spreading operation of the
guide bar acts regularly, whatever may be the number of reels placed on
the same row, and could when so required be transmitted by levers and
guide rods to other rows of reels. I also obtain the spreading with a crossing
on a single point of the whisk by dividing the hank into two parts or smaller
hanks, by means of the following mechanism (Fig. 4):-The lever a is fixed to
the guide rod by the joint b, worked by the excentric c, acting on its pulley d;
this excentric has two dead points and two acting points to form the crossing
on a single flyer of the whisk; the spreading motion is given by the fulcrum e
of the lever (a) when in motion, such motion being transmitted by the shaft f
receiving a motion at half the speed of the whisk g, turning between two

page_text: pulleys fixed on the piece h; this transmission is performed by the gearing
1, 2, 3, 4.
To recapitulate what is here said, the crossings are performed either by a
circular excentric or by a flat excentric, and with continuous or intermittent
treadles, and the spreading takes place either by giving motion to the crossing
excentric, or by giving action to the fulcrum of the pieces or levers which
govern the operation of the crossings.