Improvements in Doors, Shutters and like Articles of Manufacture.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Doors, Shutters and like Articles of Manufacture.
I, JAMES MARSHALL LEAVER, of Bay Mills, Chippewa County and State of
Michigan, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to doors, shutters, and like articles, and it has for its
object to provide an improved structure which will greatly cheapen the manu-
facture of such articles, which are ordinarily constructed of wood, and the
improvements contemplated by the present invention, while susceptible to
embodiment in the construction of shutters and similar mill products are
especially designed for the construction of doors, to provide a cheap, durable
and easily constructed door which will be free from many of the defects of a
door composed entirely of wood. Doors constructed entirely of wood are
objectionable in most cases on account of the shrinkage or swelling of the
material, especially in the panels, as at times, this shrinkage is sufficient to
produce cracks or openings which mar the appearance of the door, and at the
same time permit dust and draft to pass therethrough. The present invention
obviates these objections, and at the same time provides a door or similar
structure thoroughly practical and durable, while also susceptible to a wide
range of ornamentation.
With these and other objects in view which will readily appear as the nature
of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction,
combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illus-
trated and claimed.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of a door constructed in accordance
with this invention.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 2 showing the sheets of paper or pulp
material secured together without the use of the skeleton wooden frame or core
for filling the open spaces there-between.
Figure is an elevation partly in section, similar to Figure 1, showing a
modified construction of panel.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section view of the construction shown in Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a cross sectional view on the line 7-7 of Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a plan or elevation of the skeleton wooden frame or core used as
a filling for the door:
Referring to the accompanying drawings, the numerals 1-1 designate two
duplicate sheets of paper, wood pulp, or equivalent sheet material cut in the

page_text: proper dimensions to form the door, shutter or like article, and stamped or
pressed to be given the usual configuration or shape of such article. The said
duplicate sheets of material 1-1 form the body of the door or other structure,
and may be properly termed the body sheets, and, in the construction of a door,
the said body sheets are stamped or pressed with the usual rectangular panels 2
having the sunken and raised portions 3 and 4 respectively. In some forms of
doors, the greater portions of the panels 2 are sunken to form what are commonly
termed sunken panels, as clearly illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings,
while in other forms of doors the central, as well as the edge portions of the
panels are raised, and the depressed portions 3 are in the form of a sunken
channel or groove extending around the central raised or elevated portions, as
clearly illustrated in Figures 6 and of the drawings. However, in all forms
of doors, shutters, and like articles constructed in accordance with this inven-
tion, the panels pressed or stamped in the body sheets 1 are provided with
depressed portions 3, which flatly contact, when the body sheets are arranged
back to back, and have their inner contacting surfaces securely joined or
secured together by means of glue, cement, or similar fastening means.
forms of panels shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, the entire flat surface of the
sunken panels closely contact, and are joined together in the manner described,
while in the form of panels shown in Figures 6 and 7 of the drawings only the
flat annular depressed portions 3 contact, and are joined together, but the method
of assembling and securing the sheets together is the same in both cases.
In the
The raised portions 4 of the panels not only act in the capacity of bracing
ribs, but also form ornamental moulding projections when impressed with a
suitable design, and it will also be understood that the outer faces of the panels,
as well as the stiles and rails of the door, may be provided with any decoration
or ornamentation as may be desired, and further, the sheets 1 of paper or
pulp material may be made in imitation of various woods, and enameled or
decorated in any preferred way, without departing from the principle of the
invention.
:
In carrying out the invention the body sheets 1, of stamped or pressed
material may constitute the entire body of the door, shutter or like article, as
shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, but if a more solid structure is desired, the
said sheets are used in connection with a skeleton wooden frame or core 5
having the configuration of the door or other article and provided with panel
openings 6 to receive the panels and permit the same being joined together as
explained. The skeleton wooden frame or core 5 forms a filling for the stile
and rail portions of the door, as plainly shown in the drawings, and when said
frame or core is employed, the inner surfaces of the sheets I are coated with
glue or cement at the points where they contact with the faces of the frame or
core. The sheets are then applied to opposite sides of the frame or core 5
under pressure, with or without the use of heat, as may be found necessary to
secure a proper adhesion of the parts, and in this connection it will be obvious
that the same result would be secured by applying the glue or cement to oppo-
site faces of the wooden frame or core, instead of to the inner surfaces of the
sheets at the points where they contact with the latter. The frame or core 5
is desirable to fill up not only the stile and rail portions of the door, but also
the remaining vacant spaces between the attached sheets 1. In the event of
it being desired to utilize the frame or core as the sole support for the sheets 1,
the said sheets while being arranged back to back are to be left out of contact
and fastened solely to the faces of the frame or core.
Under some conditions the structure may be modified for the reception of
glass panels, especially when the door is designed for use as an ornamental
front door, and it will be understood that any changes in the form, proportion,
and the minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing
from the principal or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A door or like article of manufacture, consisting of two pieces of sheet
material arranged back to back and having certain portions contacting, and the
other portions separated laterally, and adhesive means for tightly joining together
the contacting portions, substantially as set forth.
2. A door or like article of manufacture, consisting of two duplicate sheets of
paper or pulp material arranged back to back and having panels provided with
sunken Hat portions closely contacting and with raised ornamental brace
portions, and adhesive means for tightly joining together the contacting panel
portions, substantially as set forth.
3. A door or like article of manufacture, consisting of a skeleton frame or
core having panel openings therein, two duplicate sheets of paper or
pulp material arranged respectively at opposite sides of said frame or core, and
having panels provided with sunken flat portions lying within the panel open-
ings and closely contacting, and adhesive means for tightly joining together
the contacting panel portions of the separate sheets, substantially as set forth.
4. A door or like article of manufacture, consisting of a skeleton frame or
core having openings therein, two duplicate pieces of sheet material arranged
respectively at opposite sides of said frame or core and having certain portions
lying within the openings of the frame or core and closely contacting, and other
portions separated laterally and closely fitting the sides of the frame or core,
and adhesive means for joining together the contacting portions of the separate
pieces, substantially as set forth.
5. A door or like article of manufacture, consisting of a skeleton wooden
frame or core, two pieces of sheet material arranged back to back respectively
upon opposite sides of said frame or core, and adhesive means for joining the
contacting portions of the sheets and the frame or core, substantially as set
forth.