Improvements in Steamers for the Conveyance of Cattle or other Animals, or Cotton, Wool, or other Light and Bulky Merchandise.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steamers for the Conveyance of Cattle or
other Animals, or Cotton, Wool, or other Light and Bulky
Merchandise.
I, JAMES WATSON WHITE, 14 North View, Heaton, Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Improvements in steamers for the conveyance of cattle, or other animals, or
cotton, wool or other light and bulky merchandise.
The object of my invention is to construct a ship for the conveyance at one time
of a considerably larger number of cattle or other animals or quantity of cotton or
other merchandise more, especially when of a bulky nature, than can be done by
vessels as usually constructed.
The use of my invention will render possible the carrying on at a profit of
business between various countries where it can at present only be done at
a loss.
The vessels are especially suited for the conveyance of cattle under protection
from stress of weather without risk of losing them from the rolling of the vessel and
also under conditions of better ventilation than, is possible at present. As a cotton
or wool carrier a vessel would afford seventy-five per cent., more carrying capacity
than any other and without the necessity of screening it into the hold, thereby
saving a very heavy item of expense. Hence for whatever purpose employed
vessels constructed in accordance with my invention would be far more profitable
ficating property than are any of those of ordinary build.
In carrying out my invention I provide two or more hulls but preferably two ;
these hulls are placed side by side but with a considerable space between them, and
are kept at the required distance apart by suitable intervening girder or other
construction.
The areas of the hulls and the space between them are covered with a deck
forming the basis of the superstructure.
Above the deck I provide a number of other decks, say three, four, or five, one
above the other having sufficient space between them for the accommodation of the
cattle or merchandise.
As an example of carrying capacity I give the following dimensions as affording
a vessel capable of carrying eight thousand head of cattle, allowing a space of three
feet by nine feet for each.
I give the dimensions simply as an example, and not in any way to bind myself
to these or any other particular ones.
The
Breadth of each hull
Breadth between the hulls
Breadth over all
Breadth of three upper decks
Breadth of two lower decks
Length of bulls
Length of superstructure
Height of cattle decks
44 feet.
70 feet.
158 feet.
115 feet.
158 feet.
400 feet.
360 feet.
8 feet.
nens for the cattle could be of any ordinary kind and either fixed or

page_text: removable according as the vessel is intended or not to work continuously in the
cattle trade.
Vessels constructed according to this invention are only liable to collision on the
outsides of the two hulls and it is impossible to sink them, as the centre, fore,
and aft bulkheads would keep them afloat in the event of collision.
The hulls, decking, intervening girder work or other constructional details may
be of any ordinary kind as already well known to shipbuilders and my invention
has no primary connection with any such details of construction, but is essentially
for the superstructural erection of several decks, over the area of two or more hulls
and the space at which they are kept at a distance from each other.
The hulls would be provided with all the necessary boilers machinery, propellers
and other appliances.
To further indicate the nature of my invention, I annex an outline drawing,
representing a cross section to the left and front view to the right. In this
diagram a and a' are the two bulls, kept a distance from each other by the girder
or other construction c; d is the upper deck of the superstructure and e f g h the
other decks above referred to.
I do not confine myself to the precise details, relative positions or proportions,
dimensions, or other details mentioned in the above Specification or indicated
by the drawings, as any or all of them may be varied without departing from my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
-:
1. In the construction of vessels for the conveyance of cattle and merchandise,
the combination of two or more hulls placed side by side and kept at a distance
apart from each other by suitable girder or other work, the area of the decks of
each bull and of the intervening space being covered with a deck on which is
reared a superstructure consisting of a number of other decks placed one over the
other; the whole for the purpose of providing a large carrying capacity and put
into practice substantially as described in the above Specification, and exemplified
by the diagram drawing herewith.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1895.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23 Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents for Applicant.