IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUT-OFF VALVES.
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of Southampton Buildings, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUT-OFF
VALVES. A communication from abroad by Heiko Janssen, of Berlin, in the
German Empire.
Sealed the 27th October 1877, and dated the 28th August 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton, Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th August 1877.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUT-OFF VALVES." [A communication from abroad by Heiko
Janssen, of Berlin, in the German Empire.]
The present Invention has for its object a simple construction of shut-off valves
for water or other liquids, whereby when the valve is closed so as to cut off the
water supply a small escape valve is opened, so as to allow the liquid contained in
the pipe that is cut off from the supply to run out, the principal object being to
prevent the bursting of such pipes by the freezing of the water remaining therein:
For this purpose the two valves are actuated by one and the same spindle, having
two screw threads of different pitch, whereby a differential motion is imparted to
the two valves in such manner that by turning in the one direction the shut-off
valve is first closed and the escape valve then opened, while by turning in the
contrary direction the escape valve is first closed and the shut-off valve then
opened.
According to one construction of the improved shut-off valve the spindle screws
with its thread of slowest pitch through the gland of the valve casing, so that by
screwing it up or down the shut-off valve attached thereto is raised from or pressed
down upon its seat. The spindle is extended below the said valve and fits with its
second screw thread of quicker pitch into the escape valve, which closes an opening
in the valve casing cominunicating with the part of the pipe from which the supply.
is shut off.

page_text: According to a second arrangement the spindle fits with its thread of quicker
pitch into the gland of the valve casing, so that by the screwing up or down of this
thread the shut-off valve is opened or closed. The thread of slower pitch is formed
on the spindle outside the valve casing, and screws through a stirrup that passes
down on each side of the valve casing, below which it carries the valve that opens
or closes the escape aperture.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
February 1878.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUT-OFF VALVES." A communication from abroad by. Heiko
Janssen, of Berlin, in the German Empire.
The present Invention has for its object a simple construction of shut-off valves
for water and other liquids, whereby when the valve is closed so as to cut off the
water supply a small escape valve is opened, so as to allow the liquid contained in
the pipe that is cut off from the supply to run out, the principal object being to
prevent the bursting of such pipes by the freezing of the water remaining therein.
For this purpose the two valves are actuated by one and the same spindle, having
two screw threads of different pitch, whereby a differential motion is imparted to
the two valves in such manner that by turning in the one direction the shut-off
valve is first closed and the escape valve then opened, while by turning in the
contrary direction the escape valve is first closed and the shut-off valve then
opened.
According to one construction of the improved shut-off valve the spindle screws
with its thread of slowest pitch through the gland of the valve casing, so that by
screwing it up or down the shut-off valve attached thereto is raised from or pressed
lown upon its seat. The spindle is extended below the said valve and fits with its
second screw thread of quicker pitch into the escape valve, which closes an opening
in the valve casing communicating with the part of the pipe from which the supply
is shut off.
According to a second arrangement the spindle fits with its thread of quicker
pitch into the gland of the valve casing, so that by the screwing up or down of this
thread the shut-off valve is opened or closed. The thread of slower pitch is formed
on the spindle outside the valve casing, and screws through a stirrup that passes
down on each side of the valve casing, below which it carries the valve that opens
or closes the escape aperture.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of one form of shut-off valve according to
this Invention.
The valve spindle A has a screw thread a working in the gland of the cover B.
so that by turning the spindle in the one direction or the other the main valve C
is opened or closed on its seating c¹. The valve stem is extended downwards and
screwed with a thread at ² of quicker pitch than the upper thread a', the thread a

page_text: entering the lower or escape valve D, which is provided with soft packing c. The
stem of the valve D slides in the lower part of the casing, and is made with
grooves for, the issue of the water when the valve D is raised. A set screw m
projecting into one of these grooves prevent the valve D from turning round.
According to the modified construction shewn in the longitudinal section, Fig. 2,
and the transverse section, Fig. 3, the escape valve D, which has holes e, e, through
it, is connected by a stirrup consisting of tie rods o, e², to a cross head E, through
which works the spindle A of the main valve C, with a screw thread a² of slower
pitch than that at which works in the gland of the cover B. Communicating to
the escape valve from the pipe beyond the valve C is effected by a passage p. formed
in the bottom part of the valve box.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I
claim combining with a screw shut-off valve and escape valve worked by a screw
of pitch different from that of the screw on the same spindle which works the
main valve, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
CHAS. D. ABEL. (L.S.)