A KILN AND OVEN FOR THE PURPOSE OF SAVING GREAT PART. OF THE EXPENCE EMPLOYED IN BURNING LIME, AND ALSO IN THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE DISTILLING AND BREWING BUSINESSES, AND FOR OTHER BENEFICIAL PURPOSES WHERE THE USE OF FIRE IS CONCERNED
Year: 1782

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
SEYMOUR CONWAY, of the Parish of Saint James, Westminster, in the County
of Middlesex, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
the First day of January, in the twenty-second year of His reign, did give
and grant unto me, the said Henry Seymour Conway, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and
authority, that I, the said Henry Seymour Conway, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves, or by my
or their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said
Henry Seymour Conway, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within that part of Great Britain called England, His
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"A KILN AND OVEN FOR THE PURPOSE OF SAVING GREAT PART. OF THE EXPENCE
EMPLOYED IN BURNING LIME, AND ALSO IN THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE
DISTILLING AND BREWING BUSINESSES, AND FOR OTHER BENEFICIAL PURPOSES WHERE
THE USE OF FIRE IS CONCERNED," in such manner as to me, the said Henry
Seymour Conway, my executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them,
should in my or their discretions seem meet, and that I, the said Henry
Seymour Conway, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should and
lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and
advantage from time to time coming, growing, accruing, and arising by reason
of the said Invention, for and during the term of years therein mentioned,
to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges, and

page_text: advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted unto me,
the said Henry Seymour Conway, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the
date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to
be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and
provided; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me,
the said Henry Seymour Conway, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the
same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Seymour Conway, do hereby declare that the said Invention consists
of a kiln and oven so contrived that the same fire is made to serve at the
same time the different purposes of burning lime and of giving heat to stills
or boilers placed over them sufficient for distilling, or any other useful
purpose they may be employed in, while the fuel used, being coal, is not
wasted or consumed, but turned into a useful cinder, generally called coake,
by which it acquires rather an additional value, some places to a considerable
amount. The oven, which should be made of good Windsor or other bricks,
best able to resist the force of the fire, has a dead or flat hearth, on. which
the coal is laid. Near the said oven, and most conveniently opposite to the
mouth of it, a lime kiln is placed, the bottom of which may lie on a level
with the floor of the oven, having an opening into the oven, through which
the flame or heat is drawn into the bottom or lower part of the lime kiln,
which, being something narrower below, should be nearly cylindrical, or
rather drawing inward above, so as to the greatest effect to the heat. Over
the kiln and oven are placed the stills, or other vessels proposed to be
employed, in such manner as not to be immediately open to the fire in the
oven, or the burning lime, but to receive their heat through flues disposed
and governed by registers inserted in them, in such manner as to increase
or moderate the heat in each part at pleasure, so that the different operations
by the stills or boilers. &c., may be carried on independant of each other.
For this end, both the oven and kiln should have strong and thick crowns
or coves, at the springing of which the flues may most conveniently be made,
through which the flame or heat is to be conveyed to the stills or coppers
placed over them; or, if thought necessary, a double or false crown might be
added, so as more effectually to repress the beat when required; observing,
that when the vessel over the oven is to be kept cool the registers of the flues

page_text: leading to it from the oven are to be closed, and the heat thereby confined
to the lime kiln alone; and when the vessel over the lime kiln is to be cooled,
the registers under that being in the same manner closed, the heat is then
carried off through a flue or chimney erected for that purpose, or may even
again be employed for some farther useful purpose at pleasure. Also, when
the heat is admitted to the vessel over the oven, it passes from thence by
other flues into the middle or higher part of the lime kiln. These have also
registers in them, which either exclude or admit the flame through those
channels, or prevent its returning from the lime kiln to the vessel over the
oven when that is to be kept cool. It is fit that the registers in the different
flues should be of good and solid metal, well fram'd, and should be double,
having a space between them, into which space, if the outward air is also
admitted by a small opening for that purpose; which may be stopped at
pleasure, it will greatly contribute to the more perfect suppressing of the
heat. From this construction it is plain that with slight variations on the
same plan and principle, this Invention may be employed for one or more
of the above purposes, with one, two, or even more stills or boilers, and with
or without the lime kiln, according to the situation or business intended.
This is a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second
day of March, in the twenty-second year of our Sovereign Lord
George the Third, by the grace of God of Great Britain, France, and
Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of
our Lord One thousand seven hundred and eighty-two.
H. S. CONWAY. (L.S.)
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the same Second day of March, in
the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Henry Seymour Conway came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified. ⚫ And
also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of their late Majestys King
William and Queen Mary of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the Twenty-third day of April, in the year above mentioned.