Improvements in Planing Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 12th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895
Improvements in Planing Machines.
1, WILLIAM FORD-SMITH, Director of the Firm Smith and Coventry Limited,
of Gresley Iron Works, Salford, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers
and Tool Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to and consists in improved combinations of mechanism
applicable to what are commonly termed side planing machines, that is to say,
planing machines in which there is a horizontal bed having slide-ways upon its
upper side, upon which a slide moves to and fro, which slide has an arm extending
from one side of it at a right angle to the slide-ways on the bed, this arm having
slideways for a slide which carries a tool box for the cutting tool, which tool box
slide can move to and fro and be adjusted and changed in position, on the arm from
the slide from the bed horizontally and at a right angle to the slideway bed of the
machine.
The slide on the bed having the arm from it will be hereinafter termed the
"tool slide arm
" and the slide for the cutter on that arm the "cutter slide."
1. The slideways upon the bed of side planing machines, have hitherto been
made bevel, and when the cutter is operating especially at the extreme end of the
tool slide arm, much friction is put upon the bevel slideways. One improvement
consists in making the slideways on the bed with square edges, and in making the
slide of the tool slide armi fit these square slideways, wedges acted upon by a
screwed stud and nuts or set screws being used to take up any play.
2. The tool slide arm is worked to and fro on the bed by a screw shaft that
screws through a screw nut secured to the tool slide arm, and this screw is rotated
one way and then the other by two belts working on fast and loose pulleys on the
end of the screw shaft, one belt for the cutting stroke and the other for the return
quick stroke.
The belts are guided to and fro by guides carried on a bar made to slide
to and fro in suitable guides from the bed in a line parallel to the axis of the screw
shaft.
The brackets for the belt guides are secured to the said slide bar and they are
curved and slotted in a curve concentric with the pulleys and the belt guides can
be adjusted to these curved slotted brackets at any angle and in any required
position to suit the direction in which the belts come from the driving motor to the
driving pulleys.
3. The said slide bar for the belt guides is connected with one end of a lever on
a fulcrum on the framing, the other end of which lever being connected with a rod
that passes in the lengthway of the bed of the machine, passing through a hole in
the tool slide arm and through a hole in which it can slide freely in a bracket at
the end of the bed.
On this rod, adjustable stops are placed and secured at any required distance on
each side of the tool slide arm so that the latter will come against one of these
stops at each end of the stroke to be made by the tool slide arm and thus reverse
the driving belts.
4. For long beds, the slide rod above described is unsuitable as it would be too
long without support, and a wire or rod is or may be substituted, stretched between

page_text: two levers, one lever being that actuating the slide bar having the belt guides
upon it, and the other lever on a fulcrum on a bracket at the other end of the bed-
the levers have arms upon each side of their fulcrums and there is a wire or rod
between each end of these levers.
The adjustable stops are clamped upon one of these wires or rods, so that one
stop pulls directly upon the lever at the driving end of the machine when the tool
slide arm moves one way and acts through the other rod or wire and the lever at
the end of the bed furthest from the driving end when the tool slide arm acts upon
the other stop in the reverse direction.
Instead of two wires or rods, there may be one wire or rod stretched by a weight
or spring or weight and lever, at each end of the bed. The adjustable stops are
clamped to the wire or rod.
5. The cutter slide has to be self-acted and moved to and fro along the tool
slide arm and it is moved or fed by self-acting mechanism after each cut to give the
required feed for the next cnt.
The improved combination of mechanism for giving the feeding movement to the
tool slide consists as follows:-
There is a spur toothed rack secured to the side of the bed, this toothed rack
extends in the lengthway from end to end of the bed, and the lengthway of the
spur teeth of the rack are vertical.
This rack gears with a spur pinion (arranged as hereinafter explained), on the
lower end of a vertical shaft in bearings on the tool slide arm, the upper end of
the vertical shaft has a mitre tooth wheel upon it that gears with a similar wheel
on the end of a horizontal shaft in bearings in the tool slide arm which shaft is
well within the arm and is not liable to be in the way, and extends to the end of
the tool slide arm.
The action of the toothed rack on the bed is to give a to and fro oscillation to
the vertical and horizontal shafts in the tool slide arm as will be now explained.
When the tool slide arm moves one way the spur pinion will be rotated one way
and when the tool slide arm moves the other way the spur pinion will rotate in the
reverse direction.
The spur pinion is not fast upon the vertical shaft in the tool slide arm but is
keyed on the long boss of a touthed wheel loose upon and free to rotate upon the
said vertical shaft.
On the said boss of the toothed wheel there are two discs besides the disc of the
toothed wheel having the boss, and there is a disc of leather between the bottom
and middle disc, and between the middle disc and the disc of the toothed wheel and
the boss of the latter is screwed for a screw nut in two halves which can be locked
when adjusted by side screws, screwing the two halves of the nut together. This
screw nut acts upon a washer spring having bent arms and thus forces by elastic
pressure the lower disc against the other discs so as to give the required amount of
friction, and by this means the middle disc will be rotated with the wheel with the
boss, but when the rotation of the middle disc is arrested, then the friction disas
slip and allow the spur pinion and wheel with the boss to rotate.
The middle disc has a projection, which when a change of movement takes place
in the tool slide arm will come in contact with an arm from a three armed lever,
two arms being pawl arms, to cause one pawl to catch upon the teeth in the wheel
having the boss, and the pawl on the other arm comes in the teeth of the same
wheel when the motion is reversed.
This three armed lever, two arins being pawl arms, is upon an axis carried in a
disc part secured upon the lower end of the said vertical shaft in the tool arm slide,
so that when one arm of the pawl enters the teeth of the wheel with a boss the
vertical shaft is partly rotated with it, until the third arm of the three armed pawl
lever, comes against a stop on a bracket from the tool slide arm, which throws the
pawl out of gear with the teeth, and leaves the middle friction disc stationary while
the toothed wheel with the boss continues to be rotated by the rack and pinion,
the friction discs slipping

page_text: The same action takes place when the rotation of the spur pinion is reversed,
the other pawl arm of the three armed lever then catches upon the teeth of the
wheel with a boss until released as before explained.
By this arrangement, but little retarding friction is caused as only enough of
friction is required to act upon the middle disc as will be sufficient to move the
pawl lever to catch upon the teeth of the wheel with the boss first one way and
then the other.
6. The horizontal shaft in the tool slide arm receives oscillations of about half a
revolution to and fro as described under head 5.
From this oscillation when required the feed for the cutter slide can be given in
either direction and to any required extent.
There is a toothed spur wheel fast on the boss of an internal ring wheel loose
upon the horizontal shaft in the tool slide arm, this spur wheel gears with an
intermediate wheel on a stud in the end of the arm which intermediate gears with
a wheel fast on the screw shaft which actuates the tool slide and by a key placed
on the squares on the end of this screw shaft, the tool slide can be adjusted on the
tool slide arm by hand.
The end of the horizontal shaft has a boss part securel to rotate with it which
carries two reversed pawls, one or the other of which can be brought to act upon
the internal teeth in a ring from the boss above referred to, to which the said spur
wheel is keyed that drives the screw for the tool slide. There are two small shafts
one within the other acting upon the two pawls upon which shafts they oscillate to
bring either one or the other into action or both out of action and clear of the
internal teeth in the said ring.
When one pawl is in the internal teeth the oscillation gives the feed in one
direction and when the other pawl is in gear, the feed is given in the reverse
direction.
The extent of feed to be given in either direction is regulated by a ring inserted
in the internally toothed ring on a boss before mentioned.
This ring has teeth on its edge, and a tooth or projection on a slide forced
outwards by a Spring can enter one of the teeth in this ring, and this ring when
the slide carrying the tooth is forced away can be turned and thus held in any
required position either to the right for feeding one way, or to the left for feeding
the other way.
This ring has a recess in it with an incline at each end and it is one of these
inclines which comes against the operating end of one pawl and releases it from the
internal teeth in the ring on a boss and thus limits the extent of feed movement.
The other incline in the recess in the ring operates upon the end of the other
pawl for the feed in the reverse direction.
Dated this Fifteenth day of January 1895.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.
Improvements in Planing Machines.
I, WILLIAM FORD-SMITH, Director of the Firm Smith and Coventry Limited,
of Gresley Iron Works, Salford, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers and Tool Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to and consists in improved combinations of mechanism
applicable to what are commonly termed side planing machines, that is to say,
planing machines in which there is a horizontal bed having slide-ways upon its
upper side, upon which a slide moves to and fro, which slide has an arm extending

page_text: from one side of it at a right angle to the slide-ways on the bed, this arm having
slideways for a slide which carries a tool box for the cutting tool, which tool box
slide can move to and fro and be adjusted and changed in position on the arm from
the slide from the bed, horizontally and at a right angle to the slideway bed of the
machine. The slide on the bed having the arm from it will be hereinafter termed
the "tool slide arm" and the slide for the cutter on that arm the "cutter slide."
1. The slideways upon the bed of side planing machines, have hitherto been
made bevel, and when the cutter is operating especially at the extreme end of the
tool slide arm, much friction put upon the bevel slideways. One improvement
consists in making the slideways on the bed with square edges, and in making the
slide of the tool slide arm fit these square slideways, wedges acted upon by a
screwed stud and nuts or set screws being used to take up any play.
2. The tool slide arm is worked to and fro on the bed by a screw shaft that
screws through a screw nut secured to the tool slide arm, and this screw is rotated
one way and then the other by two belts working on fast and loose pulleys on the
end of the screw shaft, one belt for the cutting stroke and the other for the return
quick stroke.
The belts are guided to and fro by guides carried on a bar or bars made to slide
to and fro in suitable guides from the bed in a line parallel to the axis of the
screw shaft.
The brackets for the belt guides are secured to the said slide bar and they are
curved and slotted in a curve concentric with the pulleys and the belt guides can
be adjusted to these curved slotted brackets at any angle and in any required
position to suit the direction in which the belts come from the driving motor to the
driving pulleys.
3. The said slide bar for the belt guides is connected with one end of a lever on
a fulcrum on the framing, the other end of which lever being connected with a rod
that passes in the lengthway of the bed of the machine passing through a hole in
the tool slide arm and through a hole in which it can slide freely in a bracket at
the end of the bed.
On this rod, adjustable stops are placed and secured at any required distance on
each side of the tool slide arm so that the latter will come against one of these
stops at each end of the stroke to be made by the tool slide arm and thus reverse
the driving belts.
4. For long beds, the slide rod above described is unsuitable as it would be too
long without support, and a wire or rod is or may be substituted, stretched between
two levers, one lever being that actuating the slide bar having the belt guides upon
it, and the other lever on a fulcrum on a bracket at the other end of the bed-the
levers have arms upon each side of their fulcrums and there is a wire or rod
between each end of these levers.
The adjustable stops are clamped upon one of these wires or rods, so that one
stop pulls directly upon the lever at the driving end of the machine when the tool
slide arm moves one way and acts through the other rod or wire and the lever at
the end of the bed furthest from the driving end when the tool slide arm acts upon
the other stop in the reverse direction.
Instead of two wires or rods, there may be one wire or rod stretched by a weight
or spring or weight and lever at each end of the bed. The adjustable stops are
clamped to the wire or rod.
5. The cutter slide has to be self-acted and moved to and fro along the tool slide
arm and it is moved or fed by self-acting mechanism after each cut to give the
required feed for the next cut.
The improved combination of mechanism for giving the feeding movement to
the tool slide consists as follows:-
There is a spur toothed rack, secured to the side of the bed this toothed rack
extends in the lengthway from end to end of the bed (or the length the slide arm
moves along the bed) and the lengthway of the spur teeth of the rack are vertical.
This rack gears with a spur pinion (arranged as hereinafter explained) on the

page_text: lower end of a vertical shaft in bearings on the tool slide arm, the upper end of
the vertical shaft has a mitre tooth wheel upon it that gears with a similar wheel
on the end of a horizontal shaft in bearings in the tool slide arm which shaft is
well within the arm and is not liable to be in the way, and extends to the end of
the tool slide arm.
The action of the toothed rack on the bed is to give a to and fro oscillation to
the vertical and horizontal shafts in the tool slide arm as will be now explained.
When the tool slide arm moves one way the spur pinion will be rotated one way
and when the tool slide arm moves the other way the spur pinion will rotate in the
reverse direction. The spur pinion is not fast upon the vertical shaft in the tool
slide arm but is keyed on the long boss of a toothed wheel loose upon and free to
rotate upon the said vertical shaft.
On the said boss of the toothed wheel there are two discs besides the disc of the
toothed wheel having the boss, and there is a disc of leather between the bottom
and middle disc and between the middle disc and the disc of the toothed wheel and
the boss of the latter is screwed for a screw nut in two halves which can be locked
when adjusted by side screws, screwing the two halves of the nut together. This
screw nut acts upon a washer spring having bent arms and thus forces by elastic
pressure the lower disc against the other discs so as to give the required amount of
friction and by this means the middle disc will be rotated with the wheel with the
boss, but when the rotation of the middle disc is arrested, then the friction discs
slip and allow the spur pinion and wheel with the boss to rotate.
The middle disc has a projection, which when a change of movement takes place
in the tool slide arm will come in contact with an arm from a three armed lever,
two arms being pawl arms, to cause one pawl to catch upon the teeth in the wheel
having the boss, and the pawl on the other arm comes in the teeth of the same
wheel when the motion is reversed.
This three armed lever, two arms being pawl arms, is upon an axis carried in a
disc part, secured upon the lower end of the said vertical shaft in the tool arm
slide, so that when one arm of the pawl enters the teeth of the wheel with a boss
the vertical shaft is partly rotated with it, until the third arm of the three armed
pawl lever, comes against a stop on a bracket from the tool slide arm, which throws
the pawl out of gear with the teeth, and leaves the middle friction disc stationary
while the toothed wheel with the boss continues to be rotated by the rack and
pinion, the friction discs slipping.
The same action takes place when the rotation of the spur pinion is reversed, the
other pawl arm of the three armed lever then catches upon the teeth of the wheel
with a boss until released as before explained.
By this arrangement, but little retarding friction is caused as only enough of
friction is required to act upon the middle disc as will be sufficient to move the
pawl lever to catch upon the teeth of the wheel with the boss first one way and
then the other.
6. The horizontal shaft in the tool slide arm receives oscillations of about half
a revolution to and fro as described under head 5.
From this oscillation when required the feed for the cutter slide can be given in
either direction and to any required extent.
There is a toothed spur wheel fast on the boss of an internal ring or drum wheel
loose upon the horizontal shaft in the tool slide arm, this spur wheel gears with an
intermediate wheel on a stud in the end of the arm which intermediate gears with
a wheel fast on the screw shaft (or there may be other intermediate gearing) which
actuates the tool slide and by a key placed on the squares on the end of this screw
shaft, the tool slide can be adjusted on the tool slide arm by hand.
The end of the borizontal shaft has a boss part secured to rotate with it, which
carries a pawl, which can be brought to act upon the internal teeth in a ring or
drum, from the boss above referred to, to which the said spur wheel is keyed that
drives the screw for the tool slide.
There is one small shaft acting upon the pawl upon which shaft the pawl

page_text: oscillates to bring the pawl into action or out of action and clear of the internal
teeth in the said ring or drum.
When the pawl is in the internal teeth the oscillation gives the feed in one
direction and when the gear is changed the feed is given in the reverse direction.
The extent of feed to be given in either direction is regulated by a ring
inserted in the internally toothed ring or drum on a boss before mentioned.
This ring has teeth on its edge, and a tooth or projection on a slide formed
outwards by a spring can enter one of the teeth in this ring, and this ring when
the slide carrying the tooth is forced away can be turned and thus held in any
required position either to the right or left.
This ring has a recess or slot in it, and it is one end of this slot which comes
against the operating end of one pawl and keeps it from the internal teeth in
the ring or drum on a boss and thus limits the extent of feed movement until
it is required to act thereon.
Fig. 1, is a plan, Fig. 2, a front elevation and Fig. 3, an end elevation of a
machine tool according to this invention having the improvements applied
thereto.
Fig. 4, is an end elevation to illustrate the arrangement of the belt guides for
driving the machine.
Fig. 5, is a front elevation similar to Fig. 2, but of a longer machine
illustrating the application thereto of a modification for actuating the belt
guides.
Fig. 6, is an enlarged sectional end elevation of a part of the bed and part
of the tool slide arm, and part of the mechanism for selfacting the cutter
slide.
Figs. 7 and 8, are underneath views of part of the mechanism detached for self-
acting the cutter slide, shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 9, is a sectional plan at the end of the tool slide arm.
Fig. 10, is an end view of the tool slide arm, and
Fig. 11, is a front view detached of mechanism for regulating the feed of the
cutter slide when selfacted, which mechanism is also shown partly in Fig. 9.
The machine tool will be first described generally.
a, is the bed (see Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5) carried on feet or stands a', one at
each end.
The front vertical face of the bed a, is planed with grooves along its lengthway
in an ordinary manner to which plates b, can be secured by T headed bolts, and the
front vertical faces of these plates b, are planed and have slots for securing
brackets 6, thereto, by T headed bolts in an ordinary manner and these brackets
are planed and are slotted on the upper face and sides for T headed bolts in order
that articles to be operated upon may be secured thereto.
The upper horizontal side or face of the bed a, is planed with square edges a³,
and the tool slide arm c, fits upon the bed a, as shown best in Fig. 6.
At the back of the bed a, there is a wedge shaped piece c', to come against the
edge of the ledge a², on the bed at the back and there is a plate c², coming under
this ledge, the wedge piece being adjustable and secured by screws c³, which screw
into the end of the slide of the tool slide arm c, and these screws c³, pass through
holes in the bent ends of the wedge adjusting pieces c³, and there is a screw nut
on each side of the bent end of the wedge part c₁, see Fig. 1.
The play between the front part of the tool slide arm c, and the bed a, is taken
up and adjusted by wedge parts c, at each end of the slide c, in like manner to
that for the back, but in a different position (see Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 6).
The tool slide arm c, has a screw nut c³, secured to its underside (see Fig. 3)
through which a long screw shaft d, screws, which has its bearings at each end of
the bed.
At the driving end, the screw shaft d, projects beyond the end of the bed a, and
has bearings on a bracket a³, secured to the end of the bed, and within this bracket a³,
on the end of the screw shaft d, there are two sets of fast and loose pulleys one

page_text: set d', large, for driving the screw when the machine is cutting and the other
set d², small, for driving the screw shaft d, when making the return stroke after a
forward cut.
Above the bracket a³, and upon or attached to it, there are bearings for two
slide bars e, to each of which one of the belt arms e¹, for the belt forks e², or
guides is secured.
The belt fork arms e¹, are curved concentric to the axis of the screw shaft d,
and are slotted so that each belt loop or fork e², (which has a screwed shank from
one side) may be secured to the slotted arm el, in any required position and angle
to suit the line or direction in which the driving belts may come from the driving
shaft.
In Fig. 4, the full lines e³, and dotted lines et, show the direction in which the
driving belts may come and for any such direction (by the arrangement shown)
the belt forks or loops may be adjusted.
From the said bracket a³, there is a projection to carry the fulcrum e³, of a
lever e, having at its upper end slots for a stud or studs to enter, which stud or
studs are in the ends of the slide bars e, for the belt guides.
To the lower end of the lever e, one end of a rod e', is jointed and this rod
passes to the other end of the bed and slides through a hole in a guide aª, secured
to that end of the bed a.
This rod e', passes freely through a hole across the tool slide arm c, and there
are projecting bosses c, on each side shown best in Fig. 1, and these bosses at the
end of each stroke will come against a collar e8, secured upon the rod e², one on
each side of the tool slide arm c, these collars e8, being adjusted to any required
position on the rod according to the length of stroke required.
When the rod e', is moved eudways by the boss projections c, on the tool slide
arm, the belt guide slides e, are moved one way or the other according to the
direction in which the tool slide arm c, is moving for the cut or return stroke.
In Fig. 5, a long machine is shown with two rest carriers or tables b', for
supporting the work to be operated upon.
a,
The stop rod e', for actuating the belt guide slide bars e, is arranged in this
modification the same as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, for the shorter machine except
that the stop rod e', instead of sliding in a guide a, is jointed to the lower end of
a lever e³, on a fulcrum e, in a bracket secured on the end of the bed and there
is an additional rod eb, one end of which is jointed to the upper end of the
lever e, connected with the belt guide slide bars e, and the other end of this
rod e, passes through a hole in a trunnion part e, having its pivots in the upper
end of the lever e, at that end of the bed, and there is a screw nut ed, to tighten
this additional rod eo, at its end which screw nut screws against the side of the
trunnion part to tighten the rod.
The levers e, and e, have arms e', with weights upon them for keeping the
rod e', stretched.
The adjustable stop collars es, are upon the lower rod e', as in Figs. 1 and 2.
There is a spur toothed rack f, at the back of the bed, the lengthway of the
teeth of this rack are vertical, and it is secured to projections from the back of
the bed a, (see Figs. 1, 3 and 6).
The teeth of this rack gear with a spur toothed wheel f¹, keyed ou boss parts f³,
having a toothed disc 13, at its upper end free to rotate on the lower end of a
vertical shaft, having its bearings in the tool slide arm c.
The upper end of this vertical shaft f, has a bevel wheel f, secured upon it
that gears with one on a horizontal shaft g, having its bearings in the tool slide
arm c, (see Figs. 1, 3, 9 and 10) so that this latter shaft g, receives oscillations to
and fro as hereinbefore and hereinafter explained.
The boss part 2, hereinbefore referred to as loose on the reduced end of the
vertical shaft, is kept from moving endways by a collar or washer and screw
nut f, on the lower end of that shaft.

page_text: Secured to the vertical shaft, above the boss f², there is a disc ƒ³, having a
bearing for a short shaft f8, the axis of which is vertical.
Upon the upper end of the short shaft 8, is secured a projecting finger f, which
comes against a stop 1, at each end of each oscillation (see Fig. 7).
The lower end of the short shaft f8, has two arms forming pawl arms f", (see
Fig. 7) which pawl arms can catch upon teeth in the disc f³, at the upper end of
the boss free to rotate on the vertical shaft f
On the boss part, below the disc having teeth f³, there is a disc fe, having
an arm fa, projecting from it, the flat view of which disc and arm is shown detached
by Fig. 8. The arm, has two upward projections between which a short
projection comes from the pawl arms fb, see Figs. 6 and 7.
Below the disc part fe, there is a washer fe, with raised edges on its lower side,
and below this washer fo, there is a disc of spring steel with say four projecting
arms f', (see Figs. 6 and 7) to come and press against the raised edges of the
dished washer f.
Below the disc spring 1, there is a nut fs, screwing on the screw threaded
boss so that the screw nut may be screwed up to any desired extent against the
spring disc ft.
This nut f, is or may be made in two halves screwed together by cross
screws which may be made to draw the two halves of the screw nut together
when it has been adjusted and thus lock it firmly upon the boss f³.
Between the upper side of the disc part fo, and the underside of the toothed
disc f³, on the boss part, and also between the underside of the disc part fe, and
the upper side of the dished washer fe, there is a disc of leather or other suitable
material to give adhesion.
It will thus be seen that the disc part fe, is only connected with the boss
part 2, by friction which is limited to the amount required to oscillate the two
armed pawl fb, through the arm ƒª, from fo.
When the tool slide arm c, is moving along the bed, the rack f, causes the
toothed pinion f³, on the boss f, to rotate and rotate the boss, and the direction
of rotation will be changed when the tool arm slide c, is reversed in its direction of
movement.
It will be seen that for a limited time after each change of rotation, the disc f°,
with the arm fd, will move by reason of the friction with the boss part f², and
the moment it begins to move one pawl fb, or the other will be oscillated to come
into gear with the teeth in the disc f³, at the upper end of the boss consequently
the disc f, keyed on the vertical shaft f', will move with it so far until the
projecting finger f, comes against one of the stops fa, (see Fig. 7) when the pawl
which has then hold of the teeth is thrown out of gear and the boss f, and spur
wheel f¹, are then permitted to rotate while the vertical shaft f, then remains
stationary, and the boss f³, and spur wheel f', have only the slight friction to
overcome which is required to oscillate the two armed pawl lever fb.
Referring more particularly to Figs. 9 and 10,
9, is the horizontal shaft in the tool slide arm c, actuated by the vertical
shaft, (see also Figs. 2 and 5).
h, is a screw shaft in bearings in the tool slide arm c, which passes through a nut
in the tool slide h', of ordinary construction and arrangement, and this shaft h, has
a square at its outer eud by which it can be rotated by a suitable handie to move
the tool slide h¹, to and fro by hand.
Above the screw shaft h, there is another shaft i, in suitable bearings which
is for selfacting the vertical slide of the tool slide h³, carrying the cutting tool.
The connection between this shaft i, and the vertical screw shaft in the cutter
slide, is of ordinary and well known arrangement.
On the outer ends of the screw shaft h, and shaft i, there is or may be a
spur pinion 2, which gears with an intermediate pinion ³, on a stud in the end of
the arm c.

page_text: The pinion h³, can be slided off the end of the shaft h, and put on the spart
when that shaft is to be driven as the pinion 2, will gear when on either shaft with
the intermediate pinion h³.
On the end of the arm c, round the bearing for the shaft g, there is a boss on
which an arm j, is centred.
This arm j, carries studs for two spur pinions ¹ and 1, one gearing with the
other.
When this arm j, is in the position shown in Fig. 10, both these spur pinions 1
and, are out of gear with the intermediate spur pinion h³, on a stud, but by
moving the arm j, to one extreme or the other, either one or the other pinion is
brought into gear with the pinion h³, on the stud. There is a screw bolt or spring
pin, through the arm j, which passes through a curved slot, concentric with the
shaft g, and by this bolt or spring pin ³, the arm j, may be secured in any
required position.
!"
One of the spur pinions (¹) on a stud in the arm j, is in gear with a spur wheel k,
secured on the boss of a drum shaped part k¹, the internal periphery is formed with
teeth, as shown in dotted line in Fig. 11.
On the reduced outer end of the shaft g, a boss part 1, is secured by a washer
and screw in the end of the shaft and is connected to rotate with the shaft g, by
a key.
In this boss part 1, there are bearings for a small shaft l, the axis of which is
parallel to the axis of the shaft g, and on this small shaft ', a pawl P, is secured,
the end of which can be turned to come against the teeth ³, on the internal periphery
of the drum part k'.
Across the boss part 1, a hole is formed for a sliding bolt 13, to be acted upon by
a helical spring, and this presses the end of the bolt 3, against the pawl to force it
against the said internal teeth (see Fig. 11).
There is a toothed ring m, with a tubular part m², from it, and the interior
of this tubular part fits the exterior of the boss part 1, and can turn freely
thereon.
[
!
:
At the inner end of the tubular part m², there is a small inward flange m², that
fits a recess in the inner end of the boss part 1, (see Fig. 9) by, this means the boss
part 1, when secured on the shaft g, keeps the toothed ring m, and its tubular
boss m', in position.
The tubular boss l, has a slot in it circumferentially, to allow the end of the
pawl, to pass through to come against the said internal teeth ³, in drum part k¹,
and this slot permits the pawl 12, to oscillate with the shaft g, to an extent of say
half the circumference, equal to half the revolution imparted to the shaft
so give the largest extent of feeding movement.
9,
and
When a less extent of feed is required the ring m, is turned more or less as
required to bring the end of the slot in the tubular part m', of the ring under the
pawl, and this lifts its end clear and away from the said internal teeth ³, so that
at the beginning of a feeding stroke of the pawl 2, it will first slide upon the
interior of the internal boss m³, of the ring m, and then pass over the end of the
slot and enter the said internal teeth k², and thus during the remainder of its stroke
will carry the drum part k¹, with it and thus the spur wheel k, and the wheels in
gear with it.
The toothed ring m, can be placed and held in any required position to give the
desired extent of feed, by a pin m³, sliding in a hole in a projection from the end
of the arm c, this pin m³, being acted upon by a helical spring in the hole one end
of which spring abuts against the lower end of the hole and the other end of the
spring against a shoulder on the sliding pin m³, which has a small tooth at its
upper end (see Fig. 11) that will enter one of the teeth in the exterior periphery
of the ring m, (see Fig. 11) the ring m, being turned as required to bring any
desired tooth opposite the small tooth in the spring pin m³.
With this arrangement the pawl 2, always acts to rotate the drum part k¹, and
B

page_text: ite spur wheel k, and the pinions in gear with it in the same direction and at
the same time to suit the commencement of each cut by the cutting tool.
The required direction in which the cutter is to move after each cut is obtained
by moving the handle or arm j, accordingly to bring one of the pinions or, out
and the other into gear with the intermediate pinion h³, which thus reverses the
direction of the feed as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is.
1. The combination and arrangement of side planing machines substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings
and when modified as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Fig. 5 of the
drawings.
2. The combination and arrangement of side planing machines in which the
slide formed on the tool slide arm (c) is arranged to fit and be adjusted to the
slideways on the bed of the machine (dispensing with bevel slideways and
slides) substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of toothed rack on the bed and connected
mechanism carried on the tool slide arm for giving oscillations to the horizontal
shaft in the tool slide arm (c) for giving the automatic feed to the cutter slide
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for transmitting, reversing
and varying the extent of automatic feed substantially as herein before described
and illustrated by the drawinge.
5. The combination and arrangement of a belt guide mechanism with side
planing machines when arranged substantially as hereinbefore described, and
illustrated by the drawings more especially by Fig. 4.
6. The combination and arrangement of stop rods and reversing mechanism
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and
Fig. 5 of the drawings.
1
1007
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.