IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS, BONNETS, CAPS, AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF LADIES AND GENTLEMEN'S WEARING APPAREL, FURNITURE, BOXES, ORNAMENTS, BOTTLES, CASKS, AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF UTILITY, VEHICLES, HOUSES, SAILING AND STEAM VESSELS, AND BOATS, IN THE MIXTURE OF LIQUIDS, FIBROUS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS FOR SUCH PURPOSES, AND IN THE MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Martin and William
Pidding at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 26th March 1860.
I, CHARLES MARTIN, of Isleworth, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, and I, WILLIAM PIDDING, of the Borough Road, Southwark, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, APPLICABLE ALSO
TO THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS, BONNETS, CAPS, AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF LADIES
AND GENTLEMEN'S WEARING APPAREL, FURNITURE, BOXES, ORNAMENTS, BOTTLES,
CASKS, AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF UTILITY, VEHICLES, HOUSES, SAILING AND STEAM
VESSELS, AND BOATS, IN THE MIXTURE OF LIQUIDS, FIBROUS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
OR MATERIALS FOR SUCH PURPOSES, AND IN THE MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a novel and improved method of making paper,
by passing the pulp or material when prepared in the usual way or otherwise
on to a hollow air-tight cylinder of suitable diameter and width; connected to
its centre by means of a hollow shaft or spindle is a vessel or vacuum chamber,
which vacuum is maintained by an air-pump operating upon it; the outer
circumference of the air-tight cylinder is made of finely perforated metal or wire
gauze, covered with flannel or other suitable material, on to which, as it revolves,
the pulp or other material used' is allowed to flow, and the liquid is abstracted
by the vacuum before named, leaving the pulp or material in a proper state
to be conveyed on to drying cylinders, also the paper or material so made or

page_text: otherwise cut into strips or by the cylinder having divisions, or by a cylinder
of suitable width and form, and either in connection with such cylinder, or
subsequently the spindle and fly as used in the manufacture of cotton to convert
such into string by giving to it the necessary throw or twist, and to size
such paper or material, or to combine with it caoutchouc in liquid state while
in the vessel or durings its manufacture, and in the manufacture of paper
bags, envelopes, or similar articles, by making a mould of suitable form of
perforated metal or wire gauze, prepared as before described, and connected
with the vacuum chamber, which mould or form being placed in the pulp or
material, and allowing the exhaust apparatus to operate, will at once make the
article desired, hats, bonnets, caps, and other articles in like manner. In
the manufacture of furniture, casks, &c., &c., as previously set forth in the
title of this proposed Patent, by a compression or by a combination of exhaust
and compression by a reverse action, not by an hydraulic press or other
mechanical contrivance, but a vessel as before described filled with such
materials desired to be used, which vessel is charged by a pump until it attains
the pressure desired for the operation; a mould of a part or whole of the box,
piece of furniture, or other articles or things set forth is made of the form
desired, having perforations for the escape of the liquid, is connected to the
vessel described, and the materials and liquid allowed to flow in, the mould
continueing to fill with the material, and the liquid running off through the
perforations until the mould is filled in every part under the pressure that has
been maintained in the vessel containing it; the materials proposed to be used
suitable for the different purposes required, animal and vegetable fibre, sawdust,
glue, resin, caoutchouc, lime, fatty and colouring matters, as may be necessary
to render them hard, elastic, insoluable, or uninflamable, as the case may be,
which we shall fully describe and set forth, and also furnish Drawings of the
machinery required, in our Complete Specification.