Improvements in and relating to Horse Collars.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 24th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 1st Dec., 1854
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION:
Improvements in and relating to Horse Collars.
EDMOND GARNIER, Engineer, of 4 Park Villas Private Road Camberwell,
London S.E. and WILLIAM ELLIS, Stable Manager, of 9 Lorne Terrace
Vauxhall, London S.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
A body of required shape and dimensions for the aforesaid purpose, made of any
suitable air tight material or materials, is inflated with air under pressure, and kept
in place by means of a stiff frame of any description or materials, of required
shape.
The inflated body may be fastened on the frame by any suitable means.
On the frame are fixed the hooks and terrets that may be absolute fixtures or
easily placed or replaced by means of bolts or screws.
When the horse pulls, the inflated body, though opposing some resistance, gives
sufficiently to allow all the outlines of the shoulders of the horse to push equally
inside. The collar is then as if it were moulded on the horse, and consequently
self-fitting.
Dated this 13th day of June 1894.
EDMOND GARNIER.
WILLIAM ELLIS.
Improvements in and relating to Horse Collars.
We, EDMOND GARNIER of 4 Park Villas, Private Road, Camberwell, London,
S.E. Engineer, and WILLIAM ELLIS of 9 Lorne Terrace Vauxhall, London, S.E.
Stable Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in collars for horses, and other beasts of
burden, and consists of a hollow case, produced from rubber, rubber composition,
or air, and waterproofed canvas, or other fabric, or any desired combination of
these, or other materials suitable for the purpose, in one or more plies, moulded, or
otherwise constructed in one piece, or any number of parts, solutioned or otherwise
cemented together, to form the body of the collar, which may be of the usual or
most approved shape, and configuration, and provided with a suitable non-return
valve, situated in any convenient position thereon, by means of which, and a
suitable air pump, the said body may be charged with air or gas under pressure,
thus dispensing with the use or need of any solid substance as a lining or filling for
the same.
The said body is provided with a suitable frame or frames, or hames, which may
be made of wood, vulcanite, bone, metal, or any desired combination of these, but
in most cases we prefer to construct this of metal tubing, and in one or two parts,
connected together at the upper or lower end of the collar, or both, by the means
of a bolt, or bolts, thumb screw, or screws, or any other suitable and convenient
the said hames being retained in position upon the said body, by the aid of
straps and buckles, loops, clips, cleats, rings or the like, fixed to and upon the said
body, or the said hames, or both, as occasion may require, and by reason of the
means,
D
01

page_text: maintained.
In order that the general construction of our invention may be more clearly
understood we have hereunto appended a sheet of drawings in which:-
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are front, side and back elevation respectively, of a collar
constructed substantially according to our invention.
Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are views illustrating various forms in which we may construct
the hames and their accessories as hereinafter explained.
Fig. 8 is a view illustrating an alternative method we may employ in fastening
- together the open end or ends of the said hames.
We carry our invention into effect by the employment of either of the materials
hereinbefore named or any desired combination thereof, in one or more plies, from
which we mould, or otherwise produce, the body of the collar A, which may be in
one piece or any number of parts, solutioned or otherwise cemented together, of
any desired size, shape or configuration, and at any convenient part of which, but
preferably the top, we provide a suitable non-return valve B, by the means of
which and a suitable pump, the said body A may be fully charged with air or gas
under pressure, and in some cases, according to the material employed in the
construction of A, we may find it convenient, as a preventative against burst by
overcharging, to provide in any number, upon any part of the inner or outer
surfaces, or both, of same, strengthening bands of canvas, leather or other non-
elastic material, an example of which is shewn in dotted outlines C, in
Figs. 1 and 3.
Upon the front face of the said inflated body A. (which may or may not be
moulded to form a seating therefor) we fix a frame, or frames, or hames E, such
fixation being effected by the means of straps and buckles, loops clips, cleats, rings
or their equivalents D, which may be either attached to A, so as to engage with E,
or vice versa. Although we reserve to ourselves the right to construct the said
frame or hames of wood, vulcanite, bone or metal, or any desired combination of
such or other suitable materials, we prefer to construct the same of metal tubing,
which may be in one piece, closed at its lower end by a bolt and nut, thumb screw,
or any suitable equivalent capable of engaging with lugs F on E, as at Fig. 1, or
in two pieces capable of being similarly closed at their upper and lower ends, as at
Figs. 4 and 5. Or the lugs F at the upper or lower ends, or both, of the said
hames, may be collectively circular in cross section, so as to be closed together by
means of a ring G, and bolt or thumb nut H, as at Fig. 8.
The said hames E, are provided with rings J for the passage of the reins, and
attachments K, for receiving the trace heads L, which may be soldered, brazed or
otherwise firmly or loosely connected thereto in the usual or most approved way, as
at Figs. 1, 2, and 3. Or the rings J may be connected to short lengths of
tubing M, or long lengths of tubing N as at Figs. 4 and 5, and either rigidly
attached to E or capable of adjustment thereon, or the said rings may be connected
to E by straps, or loops of leather, rubber or other flexible material, as at Fig. 6,
or these may be screwed into E as at Fig. 7, or be attached thereto by any other
convenient and suitable means.
The said trace attachments may be in the form of half rings O, solid or tubular
brazed or otherwise, firmly connected to E, and provided with hooks or clips such
as P, fixed to, or mounted loosely upon O, as at Fig. 4, to which may be connected
the trace heads L. Or the said trace attachments may be formed as at R, and
carry rings S for the reception of L as at Fig. 5, or constructed as at T, mounted
loosely upon E, and carrying rings S as at Fig. 6, or formed as at V, carrying
rings S as at the left of Fig. 7, fixed or otherwise upon E. Or we mount upon E
a leather, rubber or other strap or pad W, to which may be buckled or otherwise
loosely connected a ring S for the reception of L, or we may employ any combination
of these methods, as may be desired.
In the manufacture of collars for very heavy wear, we may find it convenient to
duplicate, triplicate or more, the hames or frame E, and we may effect this by

page_text: placing inside or outside the main frame E, and parallel thereto, a second or third
frame E', as shewn by the dotted outlines in Fig. 4 which may be close, and
connected to E by brazing or otherwise, or be a slight distance therefrom and
connected by ties or stays El or strengthened by any other suitable and convenient
means. We may also where, desirable, cover the said frame or hames E, and the
duplication or triplication of same E¹, and the parts E, when used, with any
suitable material which may or may not be that employed in the construction of A.
We may also find it convenient for the prevention of friction between the
hames E, and E", when used, and the inflated body A, to interpose between these
a layer, layers, or pad or pads of leather, rubber or other material suitable for the
purpose.
We find in practice that the inflated body A, when the animal is at work
operates as perfectly as if moulded thereon, and readily adapts itself to all the
outlines of the shoulders, in perfect unison with the step of the animal, and may be
regarded as perfectly self fitting, thereby entirely preventing sore shoulders or
withers, as frequently obtains with the imperfectly fitted collars as at present made
and used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. In the manufacture of collars for horses and other beasts of burden, the
combination of an inflated body A, and specially constructed frame or hames E
and E, provided with suitable accessories for the passage of the reins, and
reception of the traces, substantially as herein described and shewn.
1
2nd. In an improved collar for horses and other beasts of burden, the employ-
ment of rubber, rubber composition or other water and air proof material in the
construction of a hollow body A, provided with a suitable valve B, by which the
same may be inflated, in combination with a frame or frames or hames E, or may
be E, composed of wood, vulcanite, bone, or the like, or solid or tubular metal, or
any desired combination thereof, provided with fixed or movable rings J, and
means for connecting the said hames to traces L, and arranged to be fixed upon the
body A, by the means of straps, loops, clips, cleats, rings or their equivalents D,
and provided with an opening F at its upper or lower end or both, and means for
closing the same, substantially as herein described and shewn by the accompanying
drawings.
3rd. In combination with an inflated body A as set forth in the preceding claim,
the employment of a frame or frames or hames E, and may be E", constructed and
arranged substantially as herein described and shewn by Figs. 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 of
the accompanying drawings.
4th. For the collars of horses and other beasts of burden, the construction and
use of the improved hames substantially as herein described and shewn by the
appended drawings.
Dated this 24th day of October 1894.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1, Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.