Improvements in Wrought Iron Pulleys.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wrought Iron Pulleys.
I, AUGUST LUDWIG SCHMIDT of Düsseldorf Grafenbergerstrasse Germany,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new sort of pulleys made of wrought iron without
arms or spokes out of sheet metal, the boss of the pulley being either of the same
metal and in one piece with the body of the pulley or being made of cast iron and
fixed to the body separately.
I make these pulleys in all shapes and sizes in which cast iron pulleys are used,
with broad or small rims, as split pulleys and as cone pulleys for belt and for rope
gear. The purpose they are intended for, prescribing the shape and the special
manner of construction; the variations thus required being however all based on one
general or fundamental form.
On the accompanying drawing I show the principal shapes or forms in which my
new pulley is made."
Figure 1 is a pulley wholly of wrought iron pressed out of a circular plate in a
dish or cup shape having the rim C standing at right angle to the central disc
part B, which may be solid as shown on the left side of Figure 1, or with holes E
cut out of the disc in order to make the pulley lighter; the boss A being pressed
or stamped with the keyway D in it and forming one piece with the body of the
pulley.
Figure 2 is a pulley having the rim C¹ and the disk part B1 made in one piece
stamped out of a plate, a hole being left in the centre of the disc part B for
inserting a cast iron boss F into said hole; this boss having a flange F1 by means
of which it is secured to the disk by rivets or screw bolts and nuts.
This disk with the central hole in it and the rim pressed in one piece forms the
fundamental body of all the following variations of construction.
The rim may be of true cylindrical form or it may form part of a ball and be of
spherical shape as is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 3 is a split pulley; a disk as just described and shown in Figure 2 is cut
diametrically in two halves and in the same manner a boss, which however must be
provided with special radial flanges J, is also cut in two halves through the middle
of the flanges J. One half of a disc and one half of the boss are then rivetted
together to form two complete half pulleys, to which are fixed angle pieces Kat
the inside of the rim, by means of which both half pulleys are held together as
well as by the flanges J and bolts put through the angle pieces and said flanges;
after the pulleys have been mounted on a shaft; plates L rivetted or bolted to the
flat disk part serving to hold the half pulleys together also at that part.
Figure 4 shows a variation of a split pulley consisting of two halves M and M'
which have diametrical flanges N and N' stamped to them by means of which they
are joined together to form a complete pulley; half bosses m and m' being fitted to
these half disks in the same way as before.
Figure 5 represents a pulley of my new system for broad belts. This is in fact
composed of a small pulley O, as shown by Figure 2, and described above and
having a broad rim P fixed to it. For very broad belts the extra rim may be of
either of the sectional shapes P', P' or P' with stiffening flanges.

page_text: Another example of pulleys for broad belts, by using the fundamental disk
Figure 2 is shown by Figure 6.
Here two disks Q and Q' are bolted or rivetted to both sides of the flange, which
is formed in the middle of the boss R. To the rims of the body so formed, is then
fixed a broad cylindrical rim S.
This gives a very strong pulley, the rim being supported at two places, and it
can therefore be made very light notwithstanding its great width.
Figure 7 is a variation of this design.
Here the boss T is provided with two circular flanges to the outsides of which are
bolted or rivetted the fundamental disks. V in such a manner that their rims, which
are of proportional width, just fit together at their inner edges; they then form
together a uniform broad rim. These disks. may be made very thin, because
when fitted properly together so that their edges touch each other, they are very
stiff and solid.
The pulley shown by Figure 8 is the counterpiece of Figure 6; it differs from
that one only by the manner of fixing the disks Qx and Q'x to the boss R, namely
with the edges of their rims standing outwards instead of inwards; the rim S× can
be more conveniently rivetted to the rims.
I beg to observe that in all cases where a special rim is put round the body of a
pulley, this may be done by making the rim hot and fixing it by shrinking in
cooling instead of rivetting or bolting it fast.
Figure 9 is the counterpiece of Figure 7.
To the flange Ux of the boss Ty are fitted the two disks V, with their backs
touching each other, the open edges standing at the outside. This design is also
suitable for broad pulleys, more especially for blind pulleys having two belts
running on them as they are often used with head gears of various machines, the
one crossed, the other open.
Figure 10 shows a design for very light pulleys made of thin plates; the rim a,
which is of ordinary construction, is supported in the middle by stays or studs b
rivetted to the body of the disk and bearing against the inner side of the rim in
the middle thus supporting and stiffening it.
The pulley shown by Figure 11 differs from the preceding one only by that,
that the stays by stand out from the body of the disk obliquely and are rivetted to
the edge of the rim which they thus support and stiffen; the rim in this case,
though very thin may be made of good breadth and carry a strong belt with ease.
Figure 12 shows a pulley for narrow, but heavy belts, here the rim of the
fundamental disk at its free edge is flanged inwardly the flange stiffening and
strengthening the rim so that the pulley may be made of considerable width without
requiring any special strengthening devices.
By Figure 13 I show a pulley being composed of the elements of Figure 10 and
Figure 12.
:
The outer edge of the rim is stiffened by an angle iron flange d fixed thereto and
besides this it is supported in the middle either by stays e from place to place or
by a complete ring in place of the stays.
By Figure 15 is shown a cone pulley made by the use of my fundamental pulley
Figure 2.
Upon a boss f, having a flange f1 at one side, is stuck the largest sheaf g of the set
and it is bolted or rivetted to the flange of the boss, the second sheaf 9¹ of corre-
spondingly smaller diameter is then also put on the boss, with the edge of its rim
bearing upon the flat disk part of the sheaf g, a third one g² of again smaller
diameter is then put on the boss in a similar manner and so on.
In the example shown only three sheaves are used, 9 being therefore the last or
smallest of the set and instead of sticking it over the circumference of the boss
I make its central hole only as wide as the bore of the boss and I bolt it to the face
of the boss by screw bolts and a ring or strong washer h. The length of the boss
is so proportioned that in screwing the sheaf g' against the boss the edge of its
rim is firmly pressed against the disk of the next larger sheaf so as to hold them

page_text: all securely together. Bolts & may be inserted through the whole set so as to
keep the sheaves firmly together and prevent the inner ones, like g' from slipping
on the boss.
..
. Finally I show in Figures 16 and 17 two pulleys made by the use of my
fundamental disk Fig. 2 for rope gearing.
Round a disk on a boss m³, or in short round a plain pulley (Figure 2) I put a
rim n of wrought iron having grooves o turned or pressed in it as shown; this rim
is secured to the rim of the body of the pulley by bolts and nuts or by rivetting
it fast.
The variation of a rope pulley shown by Figure 17 consists of a boss p to which
is fixed, as in the former cases, the disk part q which has a rim r; this rim,
originally stamped out straight and cylindrical of considerable width is afterwards
brought into the grooved shape by impressing the grooves in a lathe whilst the
pulley is running round.
Figure 14 is a modification of a pulley with a very large rim. The cup shaped
disks W and W' are fixed to the boss X, as shown, and round the outer flanges Y
and Y of the disks is put the cylindrical rim Z which is rivetted to the
flanges Y, Y or fastened thereto by countersunk screws. The disks W and W'
may have their outer edges stand radial so as to form flanges of the rim as
indicated in dotted lines and form flanged pulleys. I beg to observe that in all
the variations shown, the part of the disk between the boss and the rim, instead of
being flat as shown, might be made wave like, in order to give it more stiffness,
though I prefer making them flat, as experience has proved me that they are quite
stiff enough and the ondulations are not required in reality.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. A driving pulley wholly stamped out of sheet metal consisting of a flat or
also of an ondulated middle part B to which is formed a flange or rim C standing at
right angle to the surface of the disk and a central boss A with or without a key-
D stamped therein.
way
2. A driving pulley stamped out of sheet metal consisting of a disk part B¹ and
a rim C¹ standing at right angle to the disk part and of a cast iron boss F having
a flange F¹ to the inner face of which the disk B' is fixed by rivetting or by bolts
and nuts, the whole as set forth and illustrated.
3. A split pulley consisting of the two halves of a whole pulley as just described,
each half being provided with half a boss having flanges J and with angle pieces K
for joining both half pulleys together, plates L serving to join the pulleys together
on the face of the disk.
4. A split pulley consisting of two half cup shaped parts each of semi circular
form with a flange running diametrically and having each a semi circular hole in
the middle, into which is inserted the half part of a boss which is fixed to the disk.
both halves being joined together by bolts put through the diametrical flanges of
the disk and through the flanges of the half bosses.
5. In combination with a main pulley or body O, such as shown in Figure 2 and
revindicated in Claim 2, a broad cylindrical rim P, P¹, P' or P' fixed to the
circumference of the pulley O.
6. The combination of two disks Q, Q¹ of same design as the disk B¹, C³, of
Figure 2 on facing each other with their edges, a boss R and a broad rim S put
round the circumference of the pulley bodies Q, Q' as set forth and illustrated.
7. A wrought iron driving pulley consisting of a boss T having two circular
flanges U and two disks V stamped out of sheet iron so fastened to the flanges U,
that the edges of their rims meet in the middle, thus forming a broad rim of the
pulley.
8. In combination with a cast iron boss R, having a circular flange two disks Qx
and Q¹ rivetted or bolted thereto, the edges of the rims of these disks standing at

page_text: opposite sides and a broad rim Sx put round the circumference of the rims of the
disks Qx and Q'x.
9. In combination with a cast iron boss Tx having a circular flange Ux, two
disks Vx bolted or rivetted to both sides of the said flange, the disks being so
shaped that their rims meet at the central plane and form together a closed broad
rim for a driving belt.
10. A wrought iron pulley of the type specified in Claim Two, but having a
broad rim a which is supported and strengthened by central radial stays b
(Figure 10) or by oblique stays bx (Fig. 11) which are fastened to the central
disk, as set forth and illustrated.
11. A wrought iron pulley of the type specified in Claim Two, having the free
edge of its broad rim turned inwards, as set forth and for the purpose specified
(Figure 12).
12. In combination with a pulley of the type specified in Claim Two, having
radial stays e, an angle iron ring d fastened to the edge of the rim for the sake of
stiffening said rim as shown and for the purpose specified.
13. In combination with a boss X, two disks W and W₁ stamped out of wrought
iron, fixed to a circular flange of said boss and having a cylindrical rim Z, put
round the flanges. Y of the disks, which flanges may be turned at right angle
outwardly so as to form a flanged pulley as shown and specified.
14. The combination of a boss f having a circular flange at one side, with a
number of disks g, g', g³, each of smaller diameter and each stuck upon the boss in
such a manner, that the central part of the largest disk bears and is fastened
against the inner edge of the flange of said boss, whilst the edges of the rims of
the other disks are always pressed upon the flat part of the next greater disk, the
smallest one being screwed to the face of the boss so as to form a cone sheaf, the
whole set being held together by bolts k put through the disks.
15. In combination with a pulley as specified in Claim Two, a grooved rim n.fixed
to said pulley by rivets so as to form a grooved rope pulley.
16. In combination with a boss p a stamped disk g of sheet metal, having a rim r
formed into several conical grooves so as to form a rope pulley in one piece, the
whole as set forth and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 9th day of October A.D. 1894.
A. L. SCHMIDT,
Per Karl J. Mayer,
Agent.