Improvements in or relating to the Spinning or Rolling of Metal.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 1st July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1892-Accepted, 25th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Spinning or Rolling of Metal.
I, EUGEN POLTE, of Magdeburg-Sudenburg in the German Empire, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The difference between this process and the existing method of manufacturing
articles of metal by stamping or spinning pressure is that instead of involving
action on or over the surface of the moulds or matrices it permits the action to take
place within such matrices: also that the operation here consists not only in
punching but also in rolling or spinning the metal.
This feature, especially in the manufacture of large-sized hollow bodies, offers
the advantage of reducing the size of the machines, and the amount of motive
power required, and of enabling certain hollow articles to be produced which by
the ordinary stamping process it is impossible to obtain.
The rolling takes place between one or more solid rollers of any suitable shape
and if necessary assuming a spherical form and the inner surface of a hollow roller
or mould. The relative position of the solid and hollow rollers is such as to
produce the following results :-
(a) They may be displaced in relation to each other in any required direction.
(b) The thickness of the wall of the hollow body to be produced between the
surfaces of the hollow roller (serving as a form or pattern) and the solid roller,
may be adjusted throughout its circumference, by varying the distance between
the inner surface of the movable hollow roller and the stationary solid roller.
(c) Or the arrangement may be such that the solid roller, by well known means
such as slide-rests and the like, is made capable of advancing towards or receding
from the inner surface of the hollow roller according to the required thickness of
the walls of the article to be manufactured.
(d) Or the thickness of the walls may be adjusted by making the hollow roller
capable of being raised or lowered say by screwing the roller support up or down
as required.
The motive power may therefore be applied either to the solid or to the hollow
roller and each of these parts is capable of performing any required movements in
relation to the other.
The hollow roller can be moved in either direction by means of driving belts or
other means.
In one arrangement the motion of the hollow roller in relation to the solid roller
is effected by means of a screw-spindle working in a pivotted nut and assisted by
the conical outer shape of the mould.
Instead of moving the screw-spindle in relation to the pivotted nut the longi-
tudinal displacement of the hollow roller or matrix in relation to the solid roller
may be provided for by other mechanical means. In another arrangement the
relative motion of the rollers only takes place in one direction viz. longitudinally.
The axial displacement of the solid rollers coupled together upon a permanent
core or mandrel takes place in a manner similar to that frequently adopted in
turning-lathes, either by adjusting the back-centre spindle or by moving a suitable
guide.
It has been ascertained by experiment that two, three, and more solid rollers
thus coupled together may be mounted upon a conical core and displaced thereon
longitudinally as the conical hollow body is formed. The adjustment of the
thickness of the walls and of the inner shape of the blank is effected by the external
configuration of the hollow roller or matrix rolling against the rollers supporting

page_text: the said matrix and which rollers in the beginning of the rolling operation are
securely adjusted as to height.
Instead of a number of such rollers one roller may be sufficient; it is then
arranged vertically underneath the solid roller the hollow roller being retained in
position by lateral guides. The hollow roller may also be supported by a collar
applied to its revolving shaft or axis so as to render it capable in this manner of
sliding up and down in longitudinal direction or as required.
In some cases it has been found advantageous to suspend the hollow roller on the
solid roller itself, in which case the pressure roller arrangement operates down-
wardly instead of upwards. Or the pressure roller may be arranged to act
laterally.
The rolling operation according to this improved process, takes place as
follows
The pivotted nut by means of its height adjusting device is moved to the desired
position. The sheet block or plate to be acted upon is fitted into the groove or
recess provided at the edge or mouth of the hollow roller. The hollow roller is
then screwed against the solid rotating roller. When the solid roller touches the
plate fixed in the hollow roller, it carries this plate around with it together with
the hollow roller and screw, by which means is obtained the longitudinal displace-
ment of the hollow roller while at the same time the conical shape of the hollow
roller is gradually assumed by the blank.
The arrangement of an additional roller adapted to move against the upper edge
of the blank so as to prevent its bending outward at this part, may be desirable to
improve the form of rather deep articles though it is immaterial as regards the
principle of the process whether it is employed or not.
After having once undergone this rolling or spinning operation and been heated
or made incandescent, or otherwise treated or annealed the article may be again
submitted to the action of the rollers so as if required to increase its depth or in
the case of cylindrical hollow rollers or matrices to reduce its diameter or increase
its length.
The hollow roller may be of round, oval or other cross section with converging
inner sides.
The walls of the hollow blank may be as readily made thicker as thinner and
provided if necessary with shoulders or collar screw-threads, ribs, beads, or the
like by means of additional mandrels of suitable shape fitted within the hollow
roller and if required divisible into sections, the stationary roller in this case pre-
senting a corresponding shape.
It will be understood that it is possible to impart the desired shape and section
to the blank before rolling and to provide it with openings; or the walls of a
hollow body formed in the first instance by rolling forwards may subsequently be
modified in shape by rolling backwards in which case the relative position of the
solid and hollow rollers would necessarily have to be changed accordingly or the
pressure may be reversed.
In the case of plates provided with a central perforation the hollow roller may
if preferred be cylindrical in shape and open at either end so as to afford a
passage for the solid roller for which in that case an additional support will have
to be provided.
This process is specially intended for the manufacture of fittings for machines
or electric plant, oil cups, cans, pots, coppers, and the like.
Dated this 1st day of July 1891.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Spinning or Rolling of Metal.
I, EUGEN POLTE, of Magdeburg-Sudenburg, in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The difference between this process and the existing method of manufacturing
hollow articles of metal by stamping or spinning is, that instead of involving action
on or over the surface of the moulds or matrices it permits the action to take place
within such matrices, also that the operation here consists not only in punching and
spinning but also in rolling the metal.
This feature especially in the manufacture of large-sized hollow bodies offers
the advantage of reducing the size of the machines and the amount of motive power
required and of enabling certain hollow articles to be produced which by the
ordinary stamping process it is impossible to obtain.
The rolling takes place between one roller or mandrel (as in Figure 1) or more
rollers (as in Figure 4) of any suitable shape and if necessary assuming a spherical
form and the inner surface of a hollow roller mould or matrix. The relative
position of the solid roller or mandrel and hollow roller or matrix is such as to
produce the following results :-
a. They may be displaced in relation to each other in any required direction.
b. The thickness of the wall of the hollow body to be produced between the
surfaces of the hollow rollers or matrices (serving as a form or pattern) and the
roller or mandrel may be adjusted throughout its circumference by varying
the distance between the inner surface of the movable hollow roller or matrix and
the stationary roller or mandrel.
c. Or the arrangement may be such, that the roller or mandrel by well-known
means such as slide rests and the like, is made capable of advancing towards or
receding from the inner surface of the hollow roller or matrix according to the
required thickness of the walls of the article to be manufactured.
d. Or the thickness of the walls may be adjusted by making the hollow roller or
matrix capable of being raised or lowered say by screwing the roller support up or
down as required. The motive power may therefore be applied either to the roller
or mandrel or to the hollow roller or matrix (in which latter case the matrix will
also combine the properties of a chuck) and each of these parts is capable of per-
forming any required movements in relation to the other.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the manner in which the rolling process is
performed.
In Fig. 1, V is the roller or mandrel, one as here shown or more of which (as
shown in Fig. 4) may be employed, the roller or mandrel shown in Fig. 1) is of
spherical shape. H is the hollow roller or matrix; it can be moved in either
direction by means of driving belts or other means. In Fig. 1 the motion of the
hollow roller or matrix H in relation to the roller or mandrel V is effected by means
of the screw spindle S working in a pivotted nut M and assisted by the conical outer
shape of the hollow roller or matrix H.
Instead of moving the screw spindle S in relation to the pivotted nut M the
longitudinal displacement of the hollow roller or matrix H in relation to the roller
or mandrel V may be provided for by other mechanical means.
In Figures 4 and 10 the relative motion of the rollers only takes place in one
direction viz., longitudinally. This axial displacement of the rollers or mandrels
coupled together upon a permanent core or mandrel takes place by advancing the
spindle S or by moving a suitable guide F (see Figures 10 and 11).
It has been ascertained by experiment that two three or more rollers or mandrels
thus coupled together may be mounted upon a conical core and displaced thereon
longitudinally as the conical hollow body is formed,

page_text: The adjustment of the thickness of the walls and of the inner shape of the blank
is effected (in Figs. 1, 6, 7, 8, 9) by the external configuration of the hollow
roller or matrix rolling against the rollers R R supporting the said matrix and
which rollers in the beginning of the rolling operation are securely adjusted as to
height.
Instead of a number of such rollers one roller may be sufficient; it is then
arranged vertically underneath the roller or mandrel as shown in dotted lines
in Figure 2; the hollow roller or matrix being retained in position by lateral
guides.
The hollow roller in Figure I may also be supported by an adjusting device A³
so as to render it capable in this manner of moving up and down or of sliding in
longitudinal direction.
The hollow roller H instead of being supported by the screw-spindle S may be
supported by an adjusting device secured to the shaft in the manner indicated in
dotted lines at A" Figure 1. This device is capable of adjustment both vertically
and longitudinally and thereby ensures a corresponding adjustability of the hollow
roller H.
Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 show by way of example hollow rollers of various shapes
with the corresponding solid rollers the shape of which can be modified as may be
necessary.
The improved rolling operation as provided for in the apparatus shown in
Figure 1 for instance, takes place as follows:-
The pivotted uut M by means of its height adjusting device A is moved to
the desired position. The sheet, block or plate Pio be acted upon, is fitted into
the groove or
recess provided at the edge or mouth of the hollow roller.or
matrix H. The hollow roller is then screwed against the solid rotating roller.
When the solid roller touches the plate fixed in the hollow roller it carries 'this
plate around with it together with the hollow roller and screw by which means is
obtained the longitudinal displacement of the hollow roller while at the same
time the conical shape of the hollow roller is gradually assumed by the blank.
An additional roller may be provided to operate, in Figure 1 for instance,
against the upper edge of the blank so as to prevent its bending outward at this
part and thereby improve the form of rather deep articles, though it is immaterial
as regards the principle of the process, whether it is employed or not.
After having once undergone this rolling or spinning operation and been heated
or made incandescent or otherwise treated or annealed the article may be again
submitted to the action of the rollers so as if required to increase its depth or in
the case of cylindrical hollow rollers or matrices to reduce its diameter or increase
its length.
The hollow roller or matrix may be of round, oval (see Fig. 7) or other form with
converging inner sides.
The walls of the hollow blank may be made thick or thin and, provided if
necessary with shoulders or collars, screw threads, ribs, beads or the like by means
of additional moulds of suitable shape fitted within the hollow roller and if
required divisible into sections the solid roller in this case presenting a corre-i
sponding shape.
It will be understood that it is possible to impart any desired shape and section
to the blank P' before rolling and to provide it with openings (see Fig. 8) or the
walls of a hollow body formed in the first instance by rolling forwards may subse-
quently be modified in shape by rolling backwards in which case the relative position
of the solid, and hollow. rollers would necessarily have to be changed accordingly, or
the pressure may be reversed.
In the case of plates provided with a central perforation the hollow roller H
may if preferred be cylindrical in shape and open at either end so as to afford a
passage for the solid roller V.for which, in that case, an additional support must be
provided.

page_text: This process is specially intended for the manufacture of fittings for machines or
electric plant, oil cups, cans, pots, coppers and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The process of spinning hollow bodies from sheet metal by means of a
positively rotated roller or mandrel and a hollow roller or matrix rotated
only by the friction exerted by the mandrel on the blank substantially as
described.
2. The process of spinning hollow bodies from sheet metal by means of a
positively rotated hollow roller matrix or chuck and a roller or mandrel rotated
only by the friction exerted on it by the blank substantially as described.
3. In apparatus for spinning metal in which one member is positively rotated
and the other is rotated only by friction therefrom the combination with the
frictionally driven member of an automatic screw feeding device such as M S
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
4. A process of manufacture of metal boxes or like hollow bodies from sheet.
metal carried out by means of one or more solid rollers or mandrels of the desired
shape exercising a rolling action against the inner wall of a hollow roller or matrix
which may correspond to the shape of the hollow article to be produced the
position of the hollow roller or matrix in relation to the mandrel being at the same
time changeable and adjustable in accordance with the size and shape of the object
to be manufactured, the arrangement being such that the outer shape of the hollow
roller or matrix which rests upon a suitable support may serve in conjunction with
the moving roller or mandrel to proportion as desired the thickness of the walls of
the article in course of manufacture or such that the thickness of the walls
of the article is determined by the movement of the roller or mandrel in relation
to the interual surface of the hollow roller or matrix or such that the thickness
of the walls is determined by adjusting the height of the hollow roller or
matrix in relation to the moving roller or mandrel by screwing it up or down
as desired.
5. For the purpose of carrying into practice the process above referred to the
employment of one or more rollers or mandrels such as V capable of rotating
about a core or rod such as K as in Figures 4 and 5 supported by either stationary
or sliding bearings and accordingly capable of longitudinal displacement or not
as the case may be substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
6. In apparatus such as described a hollow roller or matrix such as H the
inner shape of which corresponds to the outer shape to be given to the blank
and the external shape of which may in some cases be made serviceable by a
corresponding action or pressure of additional rollers as a mandrel or form for
shaping the interior of the blanks substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
7. For the adjustment of the thickness of the walls of the articles to be
manufactured by the process as characterized in Claims 4, 5 and 6 the employment
of a device such as A¹ for adjusting the height or level of the set of rollers
or mandrels or of the hollow roller or matrix support A' whereby the hollow
roller or matrix may be raised or lowered as required during one stroke of
the set of rollers substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
1000
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.