IMPROVE- MENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacob Albert Eisenstuck, of Chemnitz, in the King-
dom of Saxony, Hosiery Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY."
Sealed the 6th November 1860, and dated the 7th May 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacob Albert Eisenstuck
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th May 1860.
I, JACOB ALBERT EISENSTUCK, of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony,
Hosiery Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a new arrangement hereafter described of the
needles in knitting frames whereby cylindrical and fashioned or narrowed
cylindrical goods are manufactured without seam in the cylindrical or narrowed
parts.
I arrange two sets of needles on bars parallel to each other, and place
the needles inwards, then at right angles to the two rows of needles, first
mentioned, I arrange two other rows of needles, which I term the fashioning
needles, and which are also placed inwards; these four rows of needles form a
parallelogram, or four-sided figure. The fashioning is effected by causing the
fashioning needles to move to and fro, and between the two first-mentioned
rows of needles by any suitable means. By preference I commence always to

page_text: produce the narrowest part of the fabric first. My Invention also consists in
a method of causing the fashioning to take place by the action of the same
power as that employed to work the machinery to produce the knitted fabric;
so long as the parallelogram remains undisturbed, a perfectly cylindrical fabric
will be produced; but when a fashioned fabric is to be made, then my fashioning
guiding apparatus comes into play. I first set out upon a pattern wheel
the precise pattern of the stocking or other fashioned article to be made, and
cause this wheel to rotate with the working of the knitting machinery, pegs, or
projections on the pattern wheel come against and press forward a ratchet wheel,
which, through cranks and other mechanical contrivances, acts upon both sets of
fashioning needles, causes them to recede from each other to produce the fashion-
ing according to the pattern set out upon the pattern wheel. I do not wish
to limit myself to this method of causing the to-and-fro motion of the fashion-
ing needles, as it may be effected in other ways.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jacob Albert Eisenstuck in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 7th November 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACOB
ALBERT EISENSTUCK, of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Ilosiery
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
said Jacob Albert Eisenstuck, Her special licence that I, the said Jacob Albert
Eisenstuck, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Jacob Albert Eisenstuck, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use; exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Jacob Albert Eisenstuck, my executors or administrators, by an in-
strument in writing under iny, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and im-
mediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacob Albert Eisenstuck, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists in a new arrangement, hereafter described, of the
needles in knitting frames, whereby cylindrical and fashioned, or narrowed
cylindrical goods are manufactured without seam in the cylindrical or narrowed
parts.
I arrange two sets of needles on bars parallel to each other, and place the
needles inwards, then, at right angles to the two rows of needles first mentioned,
I arrange two other rows of needles which I term the fashioning needles, and
which are also placed inwards; these four rows of needles form a parallel-
ogram or four-sided figure. The fashioning is effected by causing the fashioning
needles to move to and fro, and between the two first-mentioned rows of needles
by any suitable means. By preference I commence always to produce the
narrowest part of the fabric first.
My Invention also consists in a method of causing the fashioning to take
place by the action of the same power as that employed to work the machinery
to produce the knitted fabric. So long as the parallelogram remains undis-
turbed a perfectly cylindrical fabric will be produced, but when a fashioned
fabric is to be made, then my fashioning guiding apparatus comes into play.
I first set out upon a pattern wheel the precise pattern of the stocking or
other fashioned article to be made, and cause this wheel to rotate with the
working of the knitting machinery. Pegs or projections on the pattern wheel
come against and press forward a ratchet wheel, which, through cranks and
other mechanical contrivances, acts upon both sets of fashioning needles, causes
them to recede from each other to produce the fashioning according to the
pattern set out upon the pattern wheel. I do not wish to limit myself to this
method of causing the to-and-fro motion of the fashioning needles, as it may
be effected in other ways.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a front elevation, partly in section
through the line x, x, of Figure 2, of a machine constructed according to
my Invention; Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section of the machine
through the line, *, of Figure 1; Figure 3 is an elevation of one end, and
Figure 4 is an elevation of the upper part of the other end of the machine;
Figure 5 is a plan of the machine, some of the upper parts being removed;

page_text: Figure 6 is an isometrical perspective view on an enlarged scale, of the needles
and parts connected thereto, according to one arrangement; Figures 7, 8,
The same letters of
and 9 are views of parts of the machine in detail.
reference refer to like parts in all the Figures.
I, I, are two cast-iron side frames; II, II, two cast-iron bars connecting
the upper parts of the frames; III is a tie bar; IV is the inner frame of the
machine; V, V, are brackets for supporting the vertical shaft E'; VI, VI,
VI³, VI, are levers or slides for changing the motion of the slur bars; VII,
VII³, are levers connecting the slides VI; VIII are presser bar levers ;
IX' is the head of the thread guide shaft; IX is a "lyre" for imparting
motion to the interior thread guide; X is the frame of the fashioning
apparatus; XI¹. 2 are nuts travelling on the fashioning screw-threaded
spindles XII.; XIII are ratchet wheels secured on the screw shafts;
XIII are weighted catch levers; XIV is an oscillating shaft in the fashion-
ing apparatus; XV is a frame carrying the spindle of the pattern drum or
are the
cylinder; A' is the upper, and A' the lower thread guide shaft; B. 2
fashioning bars; Care bevel wheels for communicating motion to the
various parts of the machine; C³ is the belt pulley; C is a toothed clutch on
the shaft E, for throwing the machine in and out of gear; D is the horizontal
main driving shaft below; E' is the vertical driving shaft; E is the shaft on
which the belt pulley is mounted; F is a crauk for operating the slur bars;
GG are the pieces for connecting the slur bars together; H. are the
stationary needle bars; J. & are rods for communicating motion to the
needle bars; K" are the upper, and K the lower bars for moving the
needle bars and holders; L are guide levers, and L. 6. 7. 8. are connecting
rods for transferring motion to the bars K; Mare spring bars; N1.& are
the needle bars; 0% are combs for holding the jacks; P. are cams on
the shaft D, for imparting motion to the needles; Pa a are cams for working
the presser and lifter; P' is a cam for working the fashioning apparatus;
Ps are cams for working the square slides; Q" are bars extending across the
machine; Rare boxes for carrying the fashioning needles; S' are the
thread guide levers; S³ is the thread guide; T is an additional thread guide
to work double parts in the fabric; U is the pattern wheel, drum, or cylinder;
W is a catch lever, and Z a ratchet wheel on the pattern cylinder shaft; Y' is
a lifting shaft in the fashioning apparatus; Y is a lifting shaft in the stopping
apparatus. a is the needle lead; b the sinker and jack; c is the loop regu-
lator; d the slur cock; e, slide presser and sinker bar; f, sinker lifting bar;
g, loop holder; h the upper jack comb; needle holders; & the presser bar
of the fashioning needles; is the sinker and jack, and m the pull rods of the

page_text: fashioning needles; n the stopping shaft; o' is a regulator which falls on
the nose or projection of; o³, the handle on the shaft n; o is the clutch
fork; p is a fashioning fork for acting on the clutch s'; q' is a lever for
imparting transverse motion to the pattern wheel or drum; q* is a stop lifter;
r is a bell crank for communicating motion to the fashioning apparatus;
23. are connecting pieces; t¹ are catch levers in the fashioning appa-
ratus; u are transverse pieces in the fashioning bars; v is a spring lock upon
the bars B', B; w are angle levers, and x, springs for lifting the thread guide
shaft-head; y is the thread guide mover, and is the connecting rod of the
same.
The whole machine is, as before described, supported by two side frames
standing upon the ground, and connected by cast-iron bars in the centre and
top, and wrought-iron rods at bottom. A short distance from the ground the
cam driving shaft D is situated, extending the whole length of the machine.
This shaft D is connected outside of the side frames with a vertical shaft E',
by the bevil wheels C, C. The shaft E' is held outside the frame I* by cast
iron V-formed brackets V¹, V. This shaft carries at its upper part a larger
wheel C, in gear with a pinion C mounted on a shaft E' carrying a
strap pulley.
To simplify the Drawing and the description only one arrangement is shown,
but there may be four or more placed in one machine. I also shall describe
and refer to only one side of the machine, as the opposite side is in all cases of
a similar construction. This part of the machine consists of an inner
frame IV, secured by screws to the outer frame. The stationary needle.
bars H, H, have apertures cut in them, through which the needles slide up
and down; a face plate covers the needles and apertures. The needles are
mounted in leads in the usual manner (or fastened singly with a cover), which
are held by the movable needle bars N', N, below the bars H', H; N' takes
all the needles of one side, and N all the needles of the other side up and:
down. These two sets or series of needles form the two long sides of my:
needle parallelogram. Between these lines of needles and in the space.
between the bars H' and H, the two end sets of needles, which I term "the
fashioning needles," complete the parallelogram, and are free to move to and
fro, thereby causing A lengthening or shortening of the parallelogram. The-
fashioning needles are secured in two boxes R', R. These boxes are hung.
from two bars B', B, which I term "the fashioning bars," because they run.
in a parallel line through the length of the machine, and cause the needle.
boxes to move in the opposite direction to and from each other, and (as will.
hereafter be seen) changing the width. of the fabric under manufacture.
In

page_text: and on the inner side of the boxes R', R², at the same height as the long side
needles, the fashioning needles having a slight forward inclination, are free to
slide up and down in the same way as the long side needles, but actuated by
their own holders i, i, and the rods m, m, (Figure 8). These parts being placed
together in the boxes R' and, share its motion between the fronts of the long-
sided needles. The rods m, m, are not fixed on the bars K' and K³, but sur-
round them as in Figure 2, so as to allow them to slide to and fro with the
boxes. The beards of all the needles are turned outwards, and the space
inside is left for the fabric to be led downwards. When the needles of any
side ascend the new loops are folded in them by horizontal sinkers, and their
jacks b, b, (Figure 6). The jacks oscillate vertically on their axes secured
in combs O' and O' attached to the frame IV. The springs which act on the
combs are held by bars M' and M attached to the frame IV.
The jacks are caused to advance singly by "slur cocks" d, working inside
the coupled slur bars G¹ and G³. These bars enclose both sides of the needle-
work, and slide horizontally to and fro through the whole length of the
machine, leaving both ends outside the side frames I and I, where they are
coupled together by pieces G³ and G. One of these pieces reaching out of
the sido frame 1s forms a sleeve, on which the pin of a crank Facts, mounted
on the top of the vertical shaft E¹. When the shaft E' is turned, the slur bars
G' and G receive a to-and-fro motion, but as only one side in the needlework
is to be worked at once, and the other to be kept free of the slur, the slur bars
G¹ and G are guided by the slides VI, VI, attached outside the side frames
1', I', which keep the slur bar G' close by one set of jacks, while G is kept off its
set of jacks, and vice versa. When the stroke starts from, say right to left,
G2 is in action, and when the stroke turns backward from left to right G is
in action, as the slides VI' and VI change at every turn of the stroke.
the needles when up receive new loops, and finish these loops in going down
by means of the slide presser bar e, e, which acts at the same time as a guide
comb for the sinkers. These slide presser bars e, e, are free to move to and
from the needles, and are situated upon the stationary bars H', H; the
sinkers slide in slots through them and are kept in the right position to work
properly between the needles. This bar e is rounded at its edge near the needles,
which, when the needles are going down, presses against them and closes their
beards; when the needles are as far down as necessary to have the old loops
caught upon the beards, the presser bars e, e, move backwards, taking al
sinkers with them off the needles, so as to allow the new loops to be taken
down and the old ones knocked over, which have been kept stationary befor
the needle "notches" in the stationary bars II', H. Between the presser
All

page_text: bars and the bars H', H', there is a contrivance which prevents the work
being brought up when the needles are re-ascending. It consists of a
blade g. 9, upon which blunt needles or points are soldered. These points
reach under the slide presser bars e,e, accurately between the working needles
while they are coming up, and on the contrary motion of the needles the
points are drawn back allowing the new loops to descend, but as soon as the
needles again attempt to rise the points come forward and keep the old loops
down. I call this apparatus the "loop-holder." Behind the stationary bars
H', ', and the jacks, two smaller bars are situated, also lying on the
frame IV. I call these bars f, f. "sinker lifters," because when pulled back-
wards they lift the jacks with their sinkers backwards from the needles ready
for a new "slur."
The upper parts of the jacks are in connection with another comb h; h;
which guides them and secures the proper direction of the sinkers when
slurring. This comb is worked by thumb-screws c, c, forwards or backwards.
in order to determine the length of the loops. The fashioning needles in their
boxes R', R, work in the same way as the long side needles up and down,.
but have sinkers differently constructed, as seen in the section, Figure 8. The
blades of these sinkers / have a horizontal motion in grooves in a presser bar k
like the long side sinkers, but have a longer toe or projection, so as to act as
loop holders, and by their long projection prevent the reascent of the fabric
when the needles rise. The sinker blades are pushed forward by their jacks ;
which oscillate about an axis (Figure 8). The projections or feet of these
jacks protrude out at the front of the box R' or, and when the thread guide
passes the fashioning needles they will, as will be hereafter described, push
these projections upwards, thus causing the sinker blades to fold loops between
their needles. The upper prolongation of the jack is kept in the required
position by springs, and a small loop regulator is attached thereto (as seen in
Figure 6), to determine the length of the loop. When the pull rods m, m,
which have a groove (at m³, Figure 6) descend to pull the needles down, the
jacks pressed in that groove by the "slur" will be brought back to their
former position, and the loops are released. Two bent blades (as seen in
Figure 6, are fixed on the sides of the boxes R' and; they are intended to
prevent the sinkers of the long side needles pushing against the fashioning
needle boxes R' and. The thread guide S' and S* (best seen in Figure 6;
an essential part of this machine) is hung from the upper shaft A¹; and
embraces the lower shaft A. These shafts are free to slide to and fro in the
upper part of the machine. This thread guide is caused to run in a square
course around all the needles which border the parallelogram to lay yarn or

page_text: other material for the loops. To produce this square course the shaft A', with
the thread guide S, performs two motions, viz., a to-and-fro motion and a
lateral motion. The first motion is given to this shaft by the crank F, in con-
nection with the slur bars G1, G2; the head IX' couples A' and A, and is
connected by two pins a, a, with the piece G³, which takes the head IX with
it, by means of the two hooks scrowed on the piece G³ (Figure 4). The
second motion is produced by the lever y, through which the thread guide
shaft A', and at a proper distance below the shaft A³ pass; the lever 3, worked
by a rod z, receives its motion from a cam on the shaft D; the shaft A¹ turns,
and is kept in position by the shaft A².
As the thread guide has not only to act as a yarn feeder, but has also (as
mentioned before) in passing the fashioning needles to slur the fashioning side
jacks; it is constructed for this double purpose in two parts, as seen in
Figures 1 and 6. Two arms descend from the shaft A' and A³, the outside
arms S¹, S', are fastened to the shaft A', and have on both sides slur cocks.
The arm between S³ is fastened to the shaft A. A pin extends down between
the needles and the sinker fronts, and is made of a sword-like shape, so as to cut
freely through the needles. This thread guide arm S2 has inside the arms S¹, S',
an independent motion to make it sooner pass the fashioning needles with its
pin than the outside arms. It is evident that the position kept by the
fashioning needles corresponds correctly with the course of the thread guide,
as otherwise the row of loops in the fabric would get interrupted at each
corner of the parallelogam, and would not form a close piece of fabric. To
regulate this, and to keep the course of the thread guide always in corre-
spondence with the position and speed of the fashioning needles the thread
guide head IX' outside the frame I' is enclosed the two fashioning bars B¹
and B³, each of them having a piece u¹ and u², fastened inwards, limiting the
space where the head IX' moves; when, therefore, the fashioning bars move,
the fashioning needles move from each other one needle distance, and the
thread guide head X' also gets one needle distance. The thread guide
head IX' carries in its interior (Figure 1, shown by dotted lines) two bent
levers w, w, one for each turn of the stroke; these levers incline forward inside
the fashioning bars, and being pressed inwards lift the pins x, x, as soon as the
head IX has arrived at the end of its stroke, and the slur bars release hold of
the head IX'. There are locks upon the upper surface of the fashioning
bars B¹ and 2, which stop the head IX when it has arrived at its terminus,
and leave it again when the thread guide changes for the other needle side.
On the shaft A³, which also passes through the head IX', a "lyre "-formed
contrivance is fixed just behind IX', as seen in Figure 4; this part works

page_text: independently of the cross motion of the thread guide head IX, the interior
thread guide S (Figure 9) pushing it through the needles shortly after the
thread guide reaches the end of its stroke. This is accomplished by iron pieces
with inclined or angled ends screwed upon the upper surface of the slur bars
5 G', G (seen in Figure 5.). The "lyre"-formed bow IX* extends with its
projections downwards just in front of the inclined sides of these pieces, and
when it stands still and the slur bars run further it is pushed inwards.
4
Up to the present time I have described my machine as applied to the
manufacture of plain fabrics without fashioning or altering the width of them;
but as the fashioning of the fabric is the proper intention of this machine, my
self-acting fashioning apparatus will now be described. As the fashioning is
accomplished by moving the fashioning needles nearer to or farther from
each other by means of the fashioning bars B' and B' (B' carrying all the left,
B' all the right hand fashioning needles). The apparatus for working the
fashioning needles extends beyond the frame 1' into the middle of a smaller
frame formed by ✗1.2% and (Figure 5). In this frame, projecting from the
side of the side frame 1, are two screw-threaded spindles XII, XII*, in a lino
with the ends of the bars B' and B³, with which they are coupled by screw
nuts XI, XI, as seen in Figure 5, in a similar way to a slide rest.. When
the screw-threaded spindles XII, XII³, are turned, the blocks on the fashion-
ing bars move along them. The notched wheels XIII' and are fastened
outside the frame X on the ends of the screw-threaded spindles, and are
divided in such a manner as to cause the bars B', B³, to advance one needle
distance forward. In the Drawing the ratchet wheels are divided into five
notches, one-fifth part of a course of the screw being a needle distance; but as
the division depends upon the guage of the needles, it might be divided into
as many notches as are necessary to correspond with the needle gauge.
Weighted paul levers XIII, XIII, fall into the notches in the ratchet or
notched wheels XIII' and 3. The levers & and have lugs attached to them
which raise the pauls out of the notches, and allow them to fall again when
the step is completed. A pin slides on the surface of the notched wheels,
which is acted on by a ring-formed spring, and this pin takes into holes on the
surface of the ratchet or notched wheel XIII' or as many times as there are
notches on its periphery, thus causing the rotation of the ratchet wheel; the
bent surface of the pin allows it to return without carrying the wheel with it.
The two ratchet or notched wheels act in such manner as to carry the fashion-
ing bars back, and this takes place when the bent surface of the pins is turned.
The lovers ',, are jointed by means of a bar to an oscillating bell crank s³,
Figure 8, upon the shaft XIV. The crank r is moved by a rod leading down

page_text: to a lever, which is operated by a cam P. As the oscillating motion takes
place in every course, but the fashioning only at intervals, it is necessary to
have a contrivance added which interrupts and again transfers this motion to
the levers t, t, as desirable. This is done by a clutch frame s³, &³, and in com-
bination with the bell crank &³ (Figure 7), s' and are loose on, and sis
fixed on the shaft XIV. The first s' has two pins passing through s³ and into
holes in ; it is evident that when s' moves forward by the fork herein-after
mentioned, the two pins take in the holes in and s, oscillating at every
rotation of the shaft XIV, imparts a similar motion to . The levers t¹, t³, take
into the ratchet wheels; when s' is drawn back by the helical springs on the
pins, the pins then leave the holes in ³, and the rotation ceases; thus the
fashioning is accomplished from a simple forward motion of a clutch. An
apparatus of the following construction now comes in action:-Under the
frame X2 are two bow-shaped brackets XV, attached to the side frame 1³,
supporting a shaft, half of which is screw-threaded, and the other half has a
long groove cut in it; the pattern cylinder U is mounted on this shaft. One
end of this shaft works in a plain bearing, the other half in a screw-threaded
bearing. When this shaft is turned it acts like a screw making two motions
around its axis, thus describing upon the surface of the pattern cylinder U a
spiral line; pins or pegs are driven along this line as required, according to
the shape of the fabric to be made. The shaft and its cylinder are turned by
a ratchet wheel Z, which is stationary, while the shaft moves forward a key
fixed in the centre hole of the wheel slides in the long groove. A catch lever
W takes step-by-step at every turn of the machine into the ratchet wheel Z.
Motion is communicated to this lever W by a rod connected by levers with the
square slide IV*. Steps in the ratchet wheel Z are marked upon the surface
of the cylinder, showing upon the spiral line a great number of spaces; each
space points out a row of loops round the fabric, and wherever in the course of
work any fashioning, widening, or narrowing is to be effected, a peg is driven
in that space of the cylinder.
The spiral line upon the surface of the cylinder may also be divided into a
series of lines; if, for instance, an independent fashioning of the fashioning
needle sides is required, a separate line of pegs is necessary to work the one
fashioning bar independent of the other, in which case also the levers t¹ and t
are not connected, as each requires its own oscillating apparatus; room for this
arrangement is left in the fashioning frame X1236 as seen in Figure 5. For
a self-acting stopping apparatus another line of pegs is wanted, as is the caso
sometimes in the work, and at the end of the fabric when the machine stops.
These pegs act on levers 7 and 7, which are fastened upon shafts y', y, placed

page_text: in a parallel direction with the axis of the pattern cylinder U. Y' and q'
belong to the fashioning apparatus, Y' and q to the self-acting stopping appa-
ratus. Upon the same shaft Y'a fork p is fastened, which extends to the
fashioning apparatus and spans the loose clutch a', causing it, when a peg lifts
the lever g', to advance, as before described, and fashion the fabric. The shaft
Y acts in the same way for stopping the machine, its lever q³ is raised by its
own series of pegs, which causes the shaft Ys to rotate and move a lever out-
side the bow frame XV, which acting on the clutch, stops the machine. The
weighted lever O' falls upon the projection O³, fastened upon the shaft n, under
the lever O'. This shaft n rests on the frame piece II', and extends out over
the driving shaft E, in order to support the lever o', which acts on the clutch.
There are one or more handles on the shaft n to stop the machine by hand
whenever required.
.
Having so far described the single parts of this machine and mode of
action, I will now explain how the motion is transferred from the driving
shafts to the single parts. There are three main motions in the machine; the
first is a long stroke to and fro horizontally in the direction of the length
of the machine produced as already mentioned by the vertical shaft E' and
its crank F; this motion is imparted to the slur bars G', G³, and thence
to the thread guide apparatus. The second main motion is a shorter to-and-
fro horizontal motion across the machine produced by cams below upon the
shaft D. Bars and levers transfer the motion upwards. All the small
mechanism in the machine, such as slide presser bars e, e, sinker lifters f, f,
and the loop holders 9,9, are jointed by small arms to large wrought-iron
bars Q, Q, on each side of the machine. These bars Q, Q. are connected
to strong lovers VIII which act through steel bolts in the groove of
the cams Ps and (Figure 2), behind both cams P and smaller cams Pa
and are situated without grooves, acting by the eccentric shape of their
periphery on the two square slides V1 and below. These slides transfor
O their motion by the levers VII' and outside the frame to the upper slides
VI' and 2, which cause the changing of the slur bars G1, G2. The said slides
VI have also to transfer their motion to other instruments, as for example,
VI³ by lever to the rod, for the changing the thread guide apparatus (Figuro
2, shewn in dotted lines), and VI' causes in the same way by a rod the catch
5 lever W to act on the pattern cylinder. The third main motion is the rising
and descending of the needle bars and fashioning needles; this is produced by
the cams P. outside the side frame I' and P³ and, outside the side frame
12, upon the shaft D.
Both sides act in the same way, and correspond
Upon the eccentric periphery of the cams Prun
6
exactly in their notion.

page_text: 66
steel rolls guided by levers L.
move four broad bars K&
and move the needle bars and needle holders. The two bars below K³ and
have motion imparted to them by the rods J234; the needle bars of the
long side" needles and the bars 2 act by the rods m, m, on the fashioning
needles. The cams Pl. 24 (being all of the same shape) are fastened upon
shaft D so as to move the needle bars on both sides alternately, also the
fashioning needles (each side of which is divided in two parts so that one half
of each side works together with its "long side" needle frame), therefore cams
P and work the bars K and K and the inside cams P¹ and 3, the bars K¹,
K³, which move the other needle side. When one needle front and its half
of the fashioning needles are up, the thread guide runs along that front and
cuts through it at the corner of the needle parallelogram; in the meantime the
other needle front and its fashioning needles ascend, the thread guide passes
the one side set of fashioning needles, cuts through the other front, and, driven
by the stroke backward, runs down this side again, passes the other fashioning
side, and so on as before. While one side gets its slur the other side works
the new loops down, knocks the old ones off and comes up again for the next
slur, and so on alternately; the fashioning, which means the moving of the
fashioning needlo sides to or from each other, is accomplished during the slur
of the long sides.
and fastened in the rods L. 6. 7. 8. which
carrying all the rods and levers which ascend
As already stated, I commence by preference to produce the narrowest part
of the fabric first, and subsequently widen it as often as the shape of the fabric
to be made requires so doing. The widening in this machine is done in the
casiest and quickest manner without any delay in the course of the machine, by
inerely removing the fashioning needle sides from each other; no other action is
required, as the newly added loops at each corner of the parallelogram get
their hold between the old two loops next to them, and no "ticklers" or con-
trivances of this kind (which all want a particular attention during their
motion and cause delay in the working of the machine) are necessary. When
the fashioning needle sides move towards each other, which is caused by the
rotation of the ratchet or notched wheels XIII' and 3, the narrowing is done
in the same quick way as in widening, but at each row of loops where the
narrowing was done, one loop at cach corner of the needle parallelogram lost
its hold, and had to be afterwards fastened by hand. To prevent this, I use
a kind of a "tickler" or hook, which acts automatically at each corner of the
fashioning needle sides transferring inwards to the next needle those single
loops which get lost by the narrowing. As it is sometimes required to work
some parts in the fabric stronger than others, I slur an extra thread in that

page_text: part of the fabric where it is required, and for this purpose I add to the thread
guide S another smaller and internal thread guide T, which shares the to-and-
fro motion of S³, but when S³ crosses to the other side, the guide T does not
follow, but keeps in the middle of the fashioning needles, and this is done by a
small rod extending from R' to R'; thus the additional thread guide T passes
on the return stroke through the fashioning needles along the empty space
of the parallelogram between the other fashioning needles, again to follow the
thread guide S, which came from the other side, and now both repeat their
first course. By these means S³ gives yarn to the whole row of needles.
while T only gives it to the half row and consequently this half row of loops is
strengthened by one thread more.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the arranging of needles in knitting machines in two sets, so as to
form a parallelogram, one set in two long rows of needles, and the other set
at right angles, or nearly so, to them, the latter set being caused to move to
and fro between between the two first-mentioned rows of needles in order to
fashion the fabric, substantially in the manner herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, the employment of sets of needles arranged in the form of a
parallelogram for producing widened or narrowed cylindrical knitted goods
without seam in the fashioned and plain parts, as herein-before described.
Third, the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts for causing
the machine to work the fashioned parts in the fabrics in the same
uninterrupted course as in working plain cylindrical fabric, as herein-before
described.
Fourth, the peculiar construction and employment of a pattern wheel for
automatically causing the fashioning instruments to produce any desired shape
in the fabric as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacob Albert Eisenstuck, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty.
J. ALBERT EISENSTUCK. (L.S.)