IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL CHAINS FOR MINING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
LOSH, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Greal Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Seventeenth day of February, in the seventh year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Losh, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said William Losh, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Losh, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL CHAINS FOR
MINING AND OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, that I, the said William Losh, shall cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Losh, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
that is to say-
My Invention consists in constructing chains of wire or elongated metal,
and in such manner that each link is formed by coiling wire or elongated
metal several times and then fastening the two ends, and afterwards causing
each link to be interlinked and bent into other links of the same kind, so as to
form a continuous chain, as hereafter described; such construction of chain
being applicable to mining, shipping, and other purposes, and, from possessing
a considerable degree of elasticity, more valuable, where the strains to which
they are submitted are variable, than the chains hitherto in use. And in
order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effect,
I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shews a construction of chain where the links or parts are only
linked together single, as shewn separately at Figure 7, and Figure 2 shews
another arrangement of the same description of wire links, where each link
passes through two other links of the chain, as shewn separately at Figure 8.
Figures 3 and 4 shew links suitable for these two constructions of chains, the
link at Figure 4 being longer than the link at Figure 3 in order to allow of
each link passing through or interlinking with two other links of the chain;
I also occasionally form chains by passing each link through three or more
other links of the chain. In making the link a, a, Figures 3 and 4, the wire
or elongated metal is coiled several times round a form or mandril, and the
ends of the wire are then brought together and fastened, after which the link
is disengaged from the mandril. In Figure 3 the ends of the wire are merely
twisted together; I prefer, however, to loop the ends of the wire together, as
shewn at Figure 4%; or the ends of the wire may be welded or soldered
together; and this mode may be found preferable when heavy wire is used for
making chains of great strength; or the ends may be secured by simply inter-
lacing them among the wires constituting the link. The sides of the links
thus formed are at the middle of their length bent inwards towards each other
or compressed together, as shewn at Figure 9, and then the links are bent so
that the ends come together, as shewn separately at Figure 6, and which form
may easily be traced in Figures 1 and 2. The links thus made are then inter-
linked together, as shewn in Figures 1 or 2, or otherwise, as before stated;
and in this manner the desired chain of any length is constructed. If it be

page_text: required to have a flat chain for mining or other purposes, I combine several
chains (as shown at Fig. 5) made in the manner already described, by placing
them side by side and uniting them together by means of wire interlaced
through them or by rivets, much in the way that hemp ropes are united for
similar purposes.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I would wish it to be understood that I am aware
that chains have before been made of wire, but differently constructed, and
I do not therefore claim the use of wire or elongated metal generally when
constructing chains; but what I claim is, the mode of constructing chains of
wire or elongated metal in the manner herein described, applicable to mining,
shipping, and other purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Losh, hath hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-four