IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS BURNING MINERAL OILS
Year: 1885

page_text: Патра -т-нога оца.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of the invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS BURNING MINERAL OILS" (a communication to me from abroad by
A. Hanniet, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manufacturer), to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to lamps burning petroleum or other mineral oil, and it
has for its object improvements in such lamps by which the overflow or escape of
the oil is prevented, and the adjustment of the wick is easily and conveniently
effected.
The lamp consists of an oil reservoir of the ordinary kind having a central
vertical tube up which air passes from openings in the stand below the reservoir,
through a cylindrical wick which is fitted outside the tube and can be raised or
lowered as desired.
Round the upper part or top of the reservoir is fixed a ring or border of metal
or other suitable material so as to form a cup into which any oil running down
from the burner flows and so is prevented from trickling down the outside of the
reservoir. The opening through which the reservoir is filled with oil is arranged
inside this ring or border, and is provided with a cap or stopper in the usual way.
Any oil, spilled in filling is also caught therefore in the cup.
A cylindrical metal tube which contains the wick passes up through the cover
of the oil reservoir, and in order to prevent leakage of oil between the latter aud
the tube, a stuffing box or screw union joint of the ordinary kind is used, a screwed
flange being fixed to the reservoir round the tube and a corresponding ring or
gland being screwed down upon it with the intervention preferably of packing.
This allows the tube, which carries the burner and upper part of the lamp to ba
turned round as desired whilst preventing all leakage or escape of oil, the two
parts of the lamp being connected together so that even if it is upset or dropped
they remain attached and no escape is possible.

page_text: Instead of the method ordinarily used to admit oil to the wick by openings in
the cylindrical wick tube where it dips into the oil, a sufficient number of vertical
grooves or channels are made inside the tube which embraces the wick and
descends with the latter nearly to the bottom of the oil reservoir, and the oil is
consequently supplied to the wick up these channels only from the bottom of the
reservoir, and the oil can consequently only escape from the reservoir after
traversing the full length of the wick, and as it can only do so slowly too great a
flame can not be suddenly formed when the lamp is lighted, and as the only
communication possible between the flame and the oil reservoir is through the
length of the wick no explosion is possible. Another tube or ring inside the wick
is fitted with one or more projecting parts fitting into a helical groove round the
inner fixed tube of the lamp, and also into the vertical groove in the outer tube,
so that when the outer tube is turned round the inner wick tube or ring and wick
are also turned round and raised or lowered as desired.
A ring is fixed under the ordinary gallery of the lamp, which carries the chimney
or globe, for the purpose of raising and lowering the wick as described, and in
order to prevent it from becoming too hot to be conveniently used, it is made of
wood or other material nonconducting of heat screwed to the gallery.
By the use of the cup on the upper part of the reservoir to catch any escaping
oil; the tight union joint to connect the two parts of the lamp; and the grooved
tube forming the only exit for the oil and the only communication between the
flame and the oil reservoir, a very clean and safe lamp is obtained; and the non-
conducting ring described allows the adjustment of the wick to be made with
great ease and convenience.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps Burning Mineral Oils.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
to me from abroad by A. Hanniet, of Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Manufacturer) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, and accompanying
drawing (that is to say) :—
This invention relates to lamps burning petroleum or other mineral oil, and it
has for its object improvements in such lamps by which the overflow or escape of
the oil is prevented, and the adjustment of the wick is easily and conveniently
effected.
In the accompanying drawing figure 1 is a vertical section through a lamp
constructed according to the invention.
The lamp consists of an oil reservoir e having a central vertical tube up which
air passes from openings in the stand below the reservoir, through a cylindrical
wick which is fitted outside the tube and can be raised and lowered as desired.
On the top of the reservoir e a cup a is formed by a ring d of metal or other
suitable material, and in this cup is arranged the opening f by which the reservoir e
is replenished with oil when necessary, and the opening may be provided with a
cap or stopper. The cup a catches any oil which runs down from the burner, as
well as any which is spilled when the lamp is being filled, so that the outside of
the lamp itself is kept clean.
A cylindrical metal tube which contains the wick passes up through the reservoir,
and is fastened to the latter by a union joint or stuffing box b, so that whilst the
tube can be moved for the purpose of regulating the wick, the upper and lower
parts of the lamp are strongly connected together so that even if it should fall or
be upset the parts are not separated, and no escape of oil from the reservoir can
take place.
Instead of the ordinary longitudinal grooves in the cylindrical part of the tube
which dips into the oil, grooves r are substituted, as shewn in figure 2 which is a
transverse section through the tube on the line m n figure 1.
There is also a cylinder having grooves which guide the corresponding rings of
the wick holder and which surrounds the wick from its entrance into the oil
reservoir to a point a little above the bottom of the latter, so that the supply of
oil to the wick is effected from the bottom of the reservoir, and by this arrange-
ment and by the use of the union joint 6 to connect the upper and lower parts of
the lamp, the oil can only escape from the reservoir after traversing the full length
of the wick; it can only flow gently; and there is no risk of too great or sudden
a flame being produced; whilst as the oil can have no communication with the
flame but through the length of the wick explosion is impossible.
A ring c is screwed or otherwise fixed under the ordinary gallery of the lamp,
which carries the chimney or globe. This ring c is of wood or other material non-
conducting of heat, so that it can be taken hold of without inconvenience for the
purpose of turning it round in order to raise or lower the wick when required,

page_text: By the use of the cup a on the upper part of the reservoir to catch any escaping
oil, the tight union joint or stuffing box to connect together the two parts of the
lamp, and the grooved tube forming the only exit for the oil and the only com-
munication between the flame and the oil reservoir, a very clean and safe lamp is
obtained; and the nonconducting ring c allows the adjustment of the wick to be
made with great ease and convenience.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is
1. The cap a by which the oil is kept from trickling down the sides of the lamp,
substantially as described and shewn.
2. The union joint or stuffing box 6 connecting the upper and lower parts of the
lamp, substantially as and for the purpose described and shewn.
3. The grooved wick cylinder arranged substantially as described and shewn, so
that the only communication between the oil in the reservoir and the flame is
through the length of the wick.
4. The nonconducting ring c for the purpose of turning the upper part of the
lamp round to raise or lower the wick.
Dated .
4000