Improvements in and relating to Rotary Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th June, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Rotary Engines.
I, SAMUEL GLENVILLE BROSIUS, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing at No. 86 Bay Street, in the City of Savannah, in the County of Chatham,
and State of Georgia, one of the United States of America, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention has the following objects:
1. To produce a rotary engine of the least possible friction.
2. To produce a rotary engine having a steam tight packing.
3. To construct an engine in such a manner that no part shall bind or cramp, and
so that the pistons will be at rest with regard to the rotating cylinder when under
pressure, and to admit steam so as to avoid binding the cylinder or pistons in any
position and to avoid all centrifugal and centripetal friction and any packing causing
undue friction.
4. To admit steam simultaneously to the cylinder or cylinders so as to avoid all
binding or cramping.
5. To oscillate or rotate the pistons when the same are not under steam pressure,
thus avoiding friction which would be otherwise encountered.
6. To construct the cam or cams which oscillate or rotate the pistons with the
least possible throw so as to avoid jar and also to construct said can or cams with
periods of rest and periods of throw; during the periods of throw the pistons are
balanced and oscillate or rotate, travelling with the rotating cylinder; during the
periods of rest they propel and revolve the rotating cylinder.
7. To construct the engine in such a manner that the pistons after passing the
abutments, oscillate, thereby closing the cylinders and acting as piston abutments,
and being at rest with said cylinders during the period they are travelling and
rotating with said cylinders around the axes of said cylinders to the point of the
exhaust, where oscillations of said pistons again occur to pass said abutments; the
said oscillations taking place during the time they are not under steam pressure or
after exhaust or when the steam is on both sides of the piston so that the pistons
will be balanced. While it has been stated that the oscillations are not under
pressure, yet they may be if found advisable.
8. To journal the pistons so that the periods of oscillation and periods of rest
may be controlled by a cam or some mechanical equivalent.
9. To construct and connect the pistons so that they will be balanced against
centrifugal force under oscillation.
10. To construct the pistons with wings which will balance each other against
centrifugal force.
11. To propel the shaft by pressure on the pistons; said power being com-
municated directly through the cylinder to the shaft to which it is securely
attached.
12. To obtain an abutment with curves so constructed as to avoid the edges of the
oscillating piston and reduce the waste steam area to a minimum.
13. To oscillate the pistons by levers operated by cams.
14. To completely balance the end pressure on the pistons by placing two pistons
on one shaft.
15. To balance the levers which control the oscillations of the pistons against
centrifugal force.
16. To connect the cylinders so that steam admitted into one may readily pass
through to the other.

page_text: 17. To connect the cylinders so that the steam admitted into one passes to the
other by suitable passages, thus avoiding friction from end pressure.
18. To obtain a simple and effective packing between the rotating cylinder and
stationary disk.
19. To connect the cylinders flexibly to the shaft so that any jar on said shaft
will not be communicated to the engine.
20. To overcome the jar incident to the use of cams in operating the pistons in a
rotary engine in passing the abutments.
21. To oscillate or control the pistons in a rotary engine in passing the abutments
by means of a steam cylinder acting as a dash pot.
22. To oscillate or control the piston in a rotary engine in passing the abutments
by means of a steam cylinder acting as a dash pot in conjunction with a cam which
governs the oscillations of the piston.
23. To admit and cut off steam to the dash pot cylinder so as to operate the pistons
in passing the abutment.
24. To admit and cut off steam to the dash pot cylinder by a compound lever
operated by a cam.
25. To overcome the centrifugal force of the compound lever by means of a spring
or counterbalance.
26. To obtain a perfectly balanced engine in all its parts which will not be
jammed or cramped by steam pressure, centrifugal or centripetal force, centrifugal
packing and do away with packing around the hub and all sliding friction or any
friction caused by any other than ordinary packing and to obtain a practical and
simple construction.
These and other objects are accomplished by the engine hereinafter described.
My invention consists of certain broad and novel features of construction herein-
after described and particularly pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention-
Figure 1 is an end elevation of the engine showing the location of steam and
exhaust chests. The cylinders, pistons and abutments are shown in broken
lines.
Figure 2 is a cross section of the engine on line A³, A³, of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a cross section of the engine on line A, A, of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a cross section of the engine on the line A5, A5, of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is an end elevation of the pistons.
Figure 6 is an end view of the pistons.
Figure 7 is an end view of the pistons, a cross section being taken on line A, A,
of Figure 5.
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively end and side elevations of the cam blocks.
Figures 10 and 11 are respectively end and side elevations of the lever.
Figure 12 is a side elevation, part in cross section of the cam.
Figure 13 is a cross section of the cam on the line A, A, of Figure 12.
Figure 14 is an end view of the journal box.
Figure 15 is a side elevation part in cross section on the line A³, A³ of
Figure 14.
Figures 16, 17 and 18 are respectively plan, side, and, end elevations of the
packing strips in the piston seats.
Figure 19 is an end elevation, part in cross section on the line B4, B5, of
Figure 20.
Figure 20 is a cross section on the line B, B4, of Figure 19.
Figure 21 is a cross section on the line B3, B³, of Figure 22 showing the abut-
ment in position on the head.
Figure 22 is an end elevation of the head showing the location of the abutment
and the steam and exhaust ports.
Figure 23 is a vertical cross section of the engine, taken on the line A³, A.³, of
Figure 24.
Figure 24 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line A³, A³ of Figure 23.

page_text: being taken on the line A', A', of Figure 26.
Figure 26 is a longitudinal section of the cylinder on the line A, Aº, of
Figure 25.
Figure 27 is an end view of the piston showing the crank.
Figure 28 is an elevation of said piston.
Figure 29 is an end view showing the wings of said piston.
Figures 30 and 31 are respectively end and side elevations of the cam block.
Figure 32 is a cross section on the line A, A, of Figure 33 showing the casing
head and cam attached thereto.
Figure 33 is a half elevation of the casing head showing cam.
Figure 34 is a view partly in cross section, showing the flexible connection between
the cylinder shaft and driving shaft.
Figure 35 is a cross section on the line B₁, B, of Figure 34.
Figure 36 is a view partly in section showing another flexible connection between
the cylinder shaft and driving shaft.
Figure 37 is a cross section on the line B3, B³, of Figure 36.
Figure 38 is a view partly in elevation and partly in cross section of the hollow
cylinder shaft.
Figure 39 is an end view of the hollow cylinder shaft.
Figure 40 is a cross section of the engine on the line A, A, of Figure 24
showing the general arrangement of the outer casing, cam, cam blocks, the pistons,
the cylinder, the hollow shaft and driving shaft the pistons, abutments and cylinder
being shown in broken lines.
Figure 41 is a view in elevation of the abutment disk showing abutment in position,
and steam and exhaust ports.
Figure 42 is a plan view of Figure 41, and shows the abutment in position on
the disk, and steam and exhaust ports.
Figure 43 is a cross section on line X-X', of Figure 44, and shows the abut-
ment, oscillating piston, dash pot, cylinder, lever, cam, and a portion of the rotating
cylinder in their relations to each other.
Figure 44 is a cross section through dash pot cylinder on line X-X, of Figure 43,
showing the same parts as in Figure 43 and the steam chest with valve and its
compound lever.
Figure 45 is a vertical cross section on line X-X, of Figure 47 through the
rotating cylinder.
Figure 46 is a vertical central section through the rotating cylinder, stationary
abutment disk, abutment and pistons.
Figure 47 is a vertical cross section on line X-X³, of Figure 45 through the
cylinder.
Figure 48 is a vertical section on line X-X8 of Figure 50 through the
piston.
Figure 49 is an elevation of the piston, part of one wing being broken away to
show groove in the other wing.
Figure 50 is a vertical section through the piston on line X-X, of Figure 48.
Figure 51 is a side elevation of the stationary abutment disk, showing abutinents
and steam exhaust ports.
Like letters of reference refer to like parts throughout the several views of the
drawings.
Within an outer casing, G, to which are attached the heads, H, H', secured to a
base plate, W, there are arranged as shown in Figures 2, 3, 23 and 24, rotating
cylinders, C, with their pistons, A, A', B, B¹; said pistons by their crank shafts
are controlled by the cam or cams, said cams may be attached to the outer
casing, G.
The cylinders, C, are attached to the shaft, N, and drive it, and are constructed
(see Figures 19 and 20) so as to have annular cavities, C, which are formed by
rings, C, C, and disk, C, and piston seats, C, with their flanges, h, which complete

page_text: the circles of the rings, C7, C8, allowing complete ring packing to be used between
the packing plate, H, of the casing heads, H, H', and said rings, C7, C8.
As shown in Figure 1, the shaft, N, is mounted in journal boxes, K, which may
be attached to casing heads, H, and H.
Referring to Figures 3, 16 to 20 inclusive, the said piston seats, C³, contain
packing strips, P, which have projections, p, in their backs forming the place, /, to
receive and hold in position the springs, p; the packing strips also have the oblong
hole, lengthwise through which the pins, p, pass; said pins extend through
the holes and engage the cylinder in such a manner as to hold said packing in place
when the wings, A, are not in contact with them. Said packing strips are also
beveled on the contact side so as to allow the edges of the piston wings, A², to push
said packing strips back in place should they protrude too far.
As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the cylinders are connected by the steam ways, ',
having the channel, Y, which is the passage between the cavities C³, in the
cylinders, C, through which the steam freely passes from one cylinder to the other
which thus equalizes the pressure in both cavities simultaneously and admits of the
use of one steam port and one exhaust port for the two cylinders.
The pressure on the outer ring, C', is neutralized by the pressure on the inner
ring, C³, and the end pressure on the two flanges, C counteract each other in like
manner, as also (see Figure 5) does the pressure on the disks, L, of the pistons, A., A',
on the opposite end of the piston shaft, a, thereby perfectly balancing the cylinder
and all parts under pressure during its revolutions.
Referring to Figures 1, 19 and 20, the cylinders, C, are provided with the piston
seat heads, e, which are placed centrally with the piston seat, Co, and contain the
journal boxes, c, in which the journals of the piston shaft, a, oscillate. These
heads may be integral with said cylinder, but it will facilitate construction and
repairs to make them separate and securely attached thereto.
The pistons, A, and A', are constructed with wings, A³, and disk, L; one piston
is attached to each end of the crank shaft, a, which has the crank, a³. The wings, A²,
balance each other against centrifugal force, and are cut to the curves, L³, 1³,
respectively, which correspond to the curves of the outer and inner periphery of
the rings, C7, C8, respectively, of cylinder, C, as shown in Figures 3, 5, 6 and 7.
The pistons are provided with packing rings, P2, in disks, L, and the packing
strips, 1, in the ends of the wings, A²; said packing rings and strips respectively
pack the disk, L, in the piston seat, C, and the ends of the wings, A2, against the
packing plate, B³, of the casing heads, H, H'.
Referring to Figure 2, the pistons, B, B', are identical in construction to
pistons, A, A', piston shaft, b, with its crank shaft, 62, is also identical with piston
shaft, a, and its crank, a².
The casing heads, H, H', are provided, see Figures 1 and 2, with abutments, I,
which protrude into the cavities, C, and are packed against the rings, C7, C8, and
the disks, C, of cylinders C, and against the inner faces of the wings A², of the
pistons, when passing said abutments said wings complete the inner and outer
periphery respectively of the rings, C7, C³.
The abutment, I, is so constructed as to reduce the waste steam area to a
minimum.
As shown in Figures 2, 14, and 15, the journal box, K, has its flange, K³, located
so that the journal box extends on each side of it to enable the engine to be shortened
by such a distance as the journal boxes extend within the casing heads, H, H¹; as
a given length of journal is required for a given sized shaft, it will be readily seen
how this operates in making the engine more compact.
The said heads, H, and H', are also provided with the packing plates, H. The
faces of the said packing plates may be made to the curve formed by the tractrix,
known as the Shields anti-friction curve; or any other suitable curve, to avoid
unequal wear between them, and the packing strips, P, in the wings, A2, of the
pistons said wear is caused by the difference in circumferential travel of the inner
and outer ends of the said packing strips on packing plate, H; the same curve

page_text: may be applied to the disks, C, of cylinder, C, where the packing strips, P', in
abutment, 1, (Figures 21 and 22) are in contact with the said disks, for the same
reasons as above described.
Said heads, H, H', are provided with the steam and exhaust ports, S, and T.
Referring to Figures 4, 12, and 13, the cam is shown as constructed with
the outer flange, F, and the inner flange, F, forming between them the cavities, F²,
in which the cam block, f, travels. This cam block has the journal box, 3, which
receives the journals, D³, of the lever, D, which has the journal box, 2, which
receives the crank, a, and the piston shaft, a.
It is evident that as the pistons rotate with the cylinders, they must necessarily
by means of the crank shaft, a, and lever, D, as described, carry the cam blocks,/.
As these blocks revolve in said cavities, F, it will be seen that the distance of the
cam blocks, f, from the center of said rotating cylinder, C, must be changed; said
cams having periods of rest, 3, 3, and, and periods of throw, a² 22,
and, as shown in Figure 12. The cam, F, F¹, is constructed so as to
have the least possible throw sufficient to oscillate the pistons;. this is accomplished
by placing the said cam outside of the circle described by the piston shaft, a, so as
to obtain a throw comparatively small in proportion to the diameter of the cam so
as to avoid or modify jar.
During the periods of throw, x², a², and ', a, the pistons are balanced as
previously described, and oscillate or rotate so as to pass the abutment, I, and
travel with the rotating cylinders; during the period of rest, a³ ³, said pistons
pass the abutments, I, and during the period of rest, a,, they propel and rotate
the rotating cylinders, C; said cylinders, C, are securely attached to shaft, N;
shaft, N, is therefore driven by the pistons through the agency of the rotating
cylinders.
The oscillations or rotations of the piston are controlled by said cams through
the agency of the lever, D, and cam blocks, f; said cam may be attached to
the base plate, W, or to the outer casing, G, as shown in Figures 2 and 4.
The center lines Y Y and X X respectively of the abutments, I, and of
the cams, F, F, should not coincide. The angle of difference between said
center lines is such as to allow for the distance of lead or follow of the crank, a²,
past the center of the piston shaft, a, so as to have the center of rest,,, in said
cam coincident with the center of the abutments, I.
Referring to Figures 4, and 8 to 11 inclusive, it will be seen that the lever, D, is
constructed with the journals, D³, which have a bearing in the journal boxes, 3, of
the cam blocks, f, and the journal boxes, d², which receive the crank, a², of the
piston shaft, a.
The guides, D, work over the shaft, N, and hold the lever in proper position.
with respect to the crank, a², of the piston shaft, a, and the cam blocks, f.
The counter-balances, D³, on the lever, D, are placed so as to counter-balance
the centrifugal force of the end, which is provided with the journals D³, and
journal box, d, said lever is provided with gib blocks, d, and d, to facilitate
placing in position, as shown in Figures 2, 4, 10, and 11.
The lever, D, is identical in construction and operation with the lever, D.
The operation is as follows:-
Referring to Figures 3 and 23, it will be seen that piston, A, having oscillated
from its position around the abutment, I, into the position as shown at A, the
piston, E, will have taken the position of B the steam enters at port, S, and
The steam which has
propels piston, A, in the direction indicated by the arrow.
just propelled piston, B, escapes at exhaust port, T; piston, B, then oscillates and
takes the position formerly occupied by piston, A, in passing the abutment, I; the
piston, A., in turn takes the position formerly occupied by piston, B. Continuing
the revolution, piston, B, after passing the abutment, I, again oscillates taking the
position as shown at A, and is acted on by steam from port, S; it is evident that
the piston, A, has taken the position as shown at B, and the steam which has just
propelled it is ready to exhaust at port, T; piston A. then oscillates to take

page_text: its original position, piston, B, also takes its original position, as shown; this
constitutes a full stroke.
The steam passes freely from one cylinder into the other through the
passages, Y, thus admitting steam simultaneously on the pistons, A, A', and
on B, and B, respectively.
The pistons, A., and B, necessarily operate in the same manner.
The steam and exhaust ports, S³, T3, respectively, may be provided in the casing
heads, H, H', as shown in Figure 3, so as to make the engine reversible, the steam
and exhaust ports, S, and T, being closed. A suitable cut-off of the usual kind
may be used at the steam or exhaust ports or both.
The steam chests, S', and the exhausts, T', may be located on heads, H, H¹, as
shown in Figure 1: the cut-offs in the steam chests, S¹, may be operated
(Figures 1 and 2) through the levers, U1, U2, attached to rocker shaft, U,
which is mounted in journal boxes, V; said levers, U, U2, may be operated by the
eccentric and eccentric rod, R, R¹, respectively.
Where a non-reversible engine is desired, one steam chest and one exhaust port
is sufficient, the steam passing from one cylinder to the other through passages, Y, Y.
The shaft, O, is connected to shaft, N, by flexible connections, as shown in
Figures 23 and 24, hereinafter described.
Referring to Figures 23, 24, 34, 35, and 36, the lugs, n, of hollow shaft, N, are
connected to lugs, o', of the driving shaft, O, by buffers or springs, X, so as
to avoid the transmission of any jars on driving shaft of the engine, this feature
being especially adapted to locomotives or engines of that class. The shaft, O, in
such engine would necessarily be the axle of the driving wheels.
As shown in Figures 23, 24, 46, 35, and 36, inclusive, the revolution of the
hollow shaft, N, causes the driving shaft, O, to revolve, the springs or buffers, X,
being attached to and placed between lugs, n, on the inner periphery of the hollow
shaft, N, and the lugs, o, on the periphery of the shaft, O; the power is thus
transmitted through said buffers or springs, X, which will modify any jars in
shaft, O, which would otherwise be transmitted to shaft, N. The rotating
cylinder, C, is constructed so as to have annular cavities, C, which are formed by
rings, C7, C8, disk, C, and piston seats, C, and an annular groove, C5, in which is
fitted the stationary abutment disk, D, as shown in Figures 23 to 26 inclusive;
said cylinder is provided with piston seat heads, c, which are placed centrally with
said piston seats and contain the journal boxes, c, in which the journals of the
pistons oscillate. These heads may be made integral with said cylinder, C, but it
will facilitate construction and repairs to have them separate and securely attached
thereto.
The bore of the hub of cylinder, C, is made so that it may be securely attached
to hollow shaft, N, which it drives, and may be enlarged at the center, c, as shown
in Figures 26, 38 and 39; said enlargement is not necessary as the whole hollow
shaft may be enlarged for the purpose of receiving said flexible connections, as
above described.
The piston, A, is constructed with wings, A2, which balance against centrifugal
force during oscillation, thus reducing the friction and jar on the cam, F, F', to a
minimum.
:
The disk, I, of piston, A, is securely attached to crank shaft, a, which has
crank, a². The wings A³, are cut to the curves of the rings, C7, and C respectively,
of cylinder, C, as shown in Figures 23, 27, 28, and 29.
The piston is provided with packing rings, P2, in disk, L, and the packing
strips, 14, in the ends of wings, A2, said packing rings and strips respectively pack
the piston disk, L, in the piston seat, and the wings, A, against the face of the
abutment disk, D.
The pistons, A¹, B, and B', with their respective cranks, a², and 2, and
shafts, a, and b, are identical in construction to piston, A, its crank and shaft.
The piston seat in cylinder, C, is also provided with packing, P, which packs
against wings A2, of the piston, as shown in Figures 25 and 26.

page_text: The abutment disk, D, which is shown secured to the outer casing, may be,
however, attached to the base plate, W, and is provided with abutments, I, which
protrude into the cavity, C, of cylinder, C, and is packed against cylindrical
rings, C, and C, and disk, C, of said cylinder, C, by packing, P
The edges of the rings, C7, and C8, of cylinder C, pack against said abutment
disk, D. This abutment disk contains the steam and exhaust ports, S, and T.
respectively, and said ports are connected with the pipes, S', and T', of the
casing, G. The abutment, I, is made with the curves, 1, 2, 3, and 4, which are so
constructed as to just avoid the edges and internal faces of the wings, A², of the
pistons during the period of oscillation of said pistons, thereby obliterating to a large
extent the waste steam area. The faces of the abutment disk, D, may be made to
the curve formed by the tractrix known as the Shields anti-friction curve, or any
other suitable curve to avoid unequal wear between it and the packing strips, P+, in
the ends of the wings, A2, of the pistons; said unequal wear is caused by the
difference in circumferential travel of the inner and outer ends of said packing
strips, P, in their travel on the abutment disk; the same curve may be applied to
the disk, C, of cylinder, C, where the packing strips, P1, in the ends of the abut-
ments, I, are in contact with said disk for reasons above described, and as shown in
Figures 23, 24, 41 and 42.
Referring now to Figures 32, 33, and 40, it will be seen that the cam is composed of
the outer flange, F, and the inner flange, F, forming between them the cavity, F³, in
which the cam block, f, travels. The said cam block, has the journal box, f, which
receives the crank, a², of the piston shaft, a.
The oscillations of the pistons are controlled by said cams.
It is evident that as the pistons rotate with the cylinder, they must necessarily,
by means of the crank shaft, a, carry the cam blocks, f; as the said block
revolves in the cavities, F³, formed as above described, it will be seen that
the distance of the cam blocks, f, from the center of the cylinder C, must
be changed said cams having periods of rest, a³ ³, and periods of
throw, a, a, a, as shown in Figures 32, 33, and 40. The least possible throw
sufficient to oscillate the pistons should be used so as to avoid jar. During the
periods of throw the pistons are balanced and oscillate or rotate so as to pass the
abutments, I, and travel with the rotating cylinder; during the periods of
rest, the said pistons pass the abutments, I, and during the period of
rest, they propel and rotate the cylinder, C, which in turn propels shaft, N,
and so drives shaft, O.
The said cams are respectively attached to heads, H, and H', and may be separate
or integral therewith, as shown in Figures 24, 32, and 33.
The steam and exhaust ports, S, S3, and T, T³, respectively, may be provided in
the abutment disk, D, as shown in Figure 41, so as to make the engine reversible.
One set of the steam and exhaust ports being closed when the other is open. The
center lines, YY, and X, X, respectively of the abutments, 1, and of the said
cam, F, F, should not coincide; the angle of difference between said center
lines is such as to allow for the distance of lead or follow of the crank,
past the center of the piston shaft, a, so as to have the center of rest in said cam
coincident with the center of the abutment, 1, shown in Figure 40.
A suitable cut-off of the usual kind may be used at the steam or exhaust ports or
both.
It is obvious from the above description, that all friction in cylinder, C, which
would be otherwise encountered, is avoided as the pressure on the outer rings, C7, is
neutralized by the pressure on the inner rings, C8, and the end pressures on the two
disks, C, counteract each other in a like manner, thereby perfectly balancing said
cylinder in its revolutions.
While four pistons and two abutments have been shown, I do not limit myself to
this number, as any number with all their corresponding parts may be used, and
further, I do not confine myself to the exact construction shown, as the same may be
varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

page_text: Referring to Figures 43 and 44 of the drawing, the rotating cylinder, C, is
mounted on the shaft, N, and is provided with a piston, A, which is journaled by its
shaft, in the piston heads, c, to which is securely attached a steam cylinder, B6,
which is provided with the piston, D³, on the piston rod, D, which passes through
said cylinder said piston rod is enlarged to form the link, , which receives the
the link block, de; said link block is provided with a journal box to receive the crank
shaft, a, of shaft, a, of the piston, A; the said link is connected to the cam-block
by journal, D³, and the cam-block, D; said cam-block travels in the cam, F, and is
controlled by it.
The opposite end of said piston rod, D, extends past the center of the rotating
cylinder, C, and is provided with the counterbalance, D, and is connected to
said rod by the bars, D, which are constructed with the guide ways, D*, bearing
against shaft, N.
The steam is admitted through pipe,. S³, to the steam chest, V1, and thence into
the steam cylinder through the steam ports, S4, and exhausted through the exhaust
port, T the steam inlet and exhaust is controlled by the valve, V, through the
valve rod, R, which is operated by the compound lever H-H, which is pivoted
at and H being connected to the valve rod, R, at h; the levers H-H and H
are connected by the journal pin, the opposite end of H³, is connected to the
cam block, Q, by the journal, 14, and works in the guide, K³, which is securely
attached to the rotating cylinder, C. H8, is also provided with the flange, L
the spring, L, is placed between flange, L, and the guide, K; said spring should
be of such tension as to just overcome the centrifugal force of the compound
levers, H-H° and H$.
As shown in the drawings, the rotating cylinder revolves as indicated by the
arrow, the cam-block, Q, which operates the cut-off, leads the lever, D, by a distance
hereinafter described in the operation. To reverse the engine connection should be
made with the cam-block, Q.
The lines X-X¹, and X-X, respectively represent the center line of the
lever, D, and the rotating cylinder.
The operation is as follows:-
The steam is admitted into the steam cylinder, B6, so as to operate lever, D,
which oscillates and controls piston, A, by its crank, a², through its shaft, a, so that
the said piston may pass the abutment. This it must necessarily do during a portion
of the revolution of the rotating cylinder, during the remaining portion piston, A,
is stationary with regard to and propels the rotating cylinder, C, as set forth in the
applications above referred to.
3
The counterbalance, D³, counteracts the centrifugal force of lever and its moving
parts said counterbalance may be dispensed with and steam admitted on one side
of the piston to act against the centrifugal force. The motion of the lever around
the axis of the rotating cylinder generates said centrifugal force, which is used
to throw the lever out, thereby confining the use of steam to one side of the
piston head.
.
The admission and exhaust of steam into the steam cylinder is controlled by the
valve, V, governed by the compound levers, H-H and Hs, which is controlled
in its movement by the cam block, Q, travelling in cam, F, said cam-block, Q,
being placed sufficiently far in advance of cam-block, f, of the lever D, so as to
admit steam to the piston head, D³, which operates lever, D, at and during the
period of a throw, when it is oscillating the piston, A, to pass the abutment the
cam, F, with its cam-block, f: the rod, D, and its journal, D³ are not necessary to
the operation of lever, D, and if found advisable may be dispensed with; in which
case the oscillation of piston, A, will be controlled entirely by piston head, D; a
cam or some mechanical equivalent controlling the inlet and exhaust to the steam
cylinder, B the counterbalance, D, and the guide, D, may also be dispensed with
without affecting the operation of the steam cylinder.
I do not confine myself to this construction, as one or more pistons may be
controlled by one steam cylinder and its accompanying parts, and furthermore, I do

page_text: not limit myself to the arrangement shown, as changes may be substituted without
departing from the spirit of my invention.
Referring now to Figures 45, 46 and 47, it will be seen that the cylinder, C, is
formed by the outer and inner rings, C7, and C8, and heads, C2, forming the
cavity, C, said cylinder is mounted on the shaft, N, and rotates with it by means
of the hub, C, secured to the inner periphery of the ring, C. The heads, C² are
secured to and revolve with the rings.
The inner ring is provided with an annular groove, C, which receives the abut-
ment disk, D, packed steam tight in the said groove; said disk is held stationary
by the hub, D. In the rings, C7, and C, there are provided piston seats, C³, to
receive the pistons, and the journal boxes, a³, are provided in the heads, C²,
receive the crank shafts, a, on each end of the pistons, by which said pistons are
controlled.
to
The flange and ribs, C³, are provided to strengthen and stiffen the outer
ring, C.
The location of the groove, C, in the ring is not confined to the central part of
the ring, C, as shown, but may be located at any desirable part, so long as it does
not interfere with the mounting of the cylinder on the shaft.
Referring now to Figures 48 to 50 inclusive, it will be seen that the piston, A, is
formed by the disks. A', and wings, a', and ², the wing, a¹, connecting the disks,
and the wing, a², being provided with the opening, A, which allows the piston to
revolve around the abutment disk, D, which is packed in said opening, A', while
the piston wing, a², is in contact with it.
The wing, a, of the piston is provided with the groove, A³, in which is packed
the outer periphery of the abutment disk, D, when it is in contact with said
wing, a', during the portion of the revolution of said piston about the axis of
the rotating cylinder, excepting when the piston is oscillating to pass the abut-
ments, I.
In case it is desired to have the abutment disk, D, extend into the outer ring, C7,
the opening As, and groove, A2, would be respectively reversed in the respective
wings of the piston.
The abutment disk, D, is provided, as shown in Figure 51, with the abutments, I,
which extend into the cavity, C, of the rotary cylinder; said disk is also provided
with the steam inlet and exhaust ports, S, and T, respectively; the steam is
admitted and exhausted through said ports and their respective pipes, S and T.
The steam having entered at port, S, revolves the cylinder in the direction
indicated by the arrow and is exhausted at port, T, after the piston has passed said
port and is in contact with the abutments, I, the steam from port, S, having in
the meantime entered behind the other piston and kept up the rotation of the
cylinder.
The piston, B, and its crank shafts, disks and wings is identical to piston, A, and
its respective parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
cylinders connected by passages for the simultaneous introduction of pressure into
the cylinders, whereby the end pressure resulting in friction is avoided, substantially
as set forth.
2. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
rotating cylinders connected by passages for the simultaneous introduction of
pressure into the cylinders, whereby the end pressure resulting in friction is avoided,
substantially as set forth.
3. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
rotating cylinders connected on their adjacent sides by passages for the simultaneous
B

page_text: admission of steam to balance against the end pressure, said cylinders being closed
on the outer sides by stationary heads, substantially as set forth..
4. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
rotating cylinders formed by inner and outer rings and adjacent disks, said cylinders
being connected by steam passages through said disks, and the open ends abutting
against and being packed on stationary heads, substantially as set forth.
5. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
rotating cylinders formed by inner and outer rings and adjacent disks, said cylinders
being connected by steam passages through said disks and the open ends abutting
against and being packed on stationary heads, said cylinders being firmly attached
to a driving shaft, substantially as set forth.
6. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
rotating cylinders formed by inner and outer rings and adjacent disks, said cylinders
being connected by steam passages through said disks, and the open ends abutting
against and being packed on stationary heads, said cylinders being firmly attached
to a driving shaft and mounted in journal boxes attached to said stationary heads,
substantially as set forth.
7. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders which form annular cavities, said
cylinders having seats for oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
which revolve with the cylinders, said seats being formed by the enlargement of
said cylinders, substantially as set forth.
8. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders which form annular cavities, said
cylinders having seats for oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft and which
revolve with the cylinders, said seats being formed by the enlargement of said
cylinders, and having heads provided with journals to receive the shafts of the
oscillating pistons, substantially as set forth.
9. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders which form annular cavities, said
cylinders having seats for oscillating pistons which revolve with the cylinders, said
seats being formed by the enlargement of said cylinders, and having removable
heads provided with journals to receive the shafts of the oscillating pistons, substan-
tially as set forth.
10. A rotary engine having cylinders formed by outer and inner rings and
adjacent disks forming between them annular cavities, said cylinders having seats
for oscillating pistons which revolve with the cylinders, said seats being formed by
the enlargement of said cylinders, and having heads provided with journals to
receive the shafts of the pistons, said heads being in the adjacent disks, substantially
as set forth.
11. A rotary engine having stationary heads and packing plates and rotating
cylinders forming cavities, and piston seats formed by enlargements thereof; said
piston seats having flanges on the open side to complete the circles formed by the
inner and outer peripheries of said cavity, so as to allow the ring packing to be
used in packing said cylinder against said head, substantially as set forth.
12. In a rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft,
and stationary cylinder heads, and rotating cylinders forming annular cavities open
at outer sides, said cylinders being packed against said heads on the said open side,
substantially as set forth.
13. In a rotary engine having stationary heads and rotating cylinders forming
annular cavities open at the outer sides, said heads having protruding annular
packing plates which are packed within said cylinder on the open side, substantially
as set forth.
14. In a rotary engine having rotating cylinders into which stationary abutments
extend, said cylinders having piston seats to receive oscillating pistons connected
in pairs by a shaft, and said pistons having wings which are curved so as to pass by
and be packed in passing said abutments, substantially as set forth.
15. In a rotary engine having rotating cylinders into which stationary abutments
extend, said cylinders having piston seats to receive oscillating pistons connected in

page_text: pairs by a shaft, and said pistons having wings which are curved so as to pass by
said abutments, substantially as set forth.
16. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders provided with seats for oscillating
pistons, said pistons constructed of a disk and curved wings connected by a crank
shaft which oscillates them, substantially as set forth.
17. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons and crank
shafts respectively, and mounted in seats and journals provided for them in said
cylinders, said pistons being connected by a crank shaft and balancing each other
against end pressure by means of the said crank shaft between them by simultaneously
admitting pressure to each, substantially as set forth.
18. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons connected
in pairs by a shaft; said pistons being constructed with diametrically opposed wings
balancing each other against centrifugal force during oscillation, substantially as
set forth.
19. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft and
rotating cylinders into which extend stationary abutments, said pistons when under
pressure being at rest with and rotating said cylinders, the pistons oscillating and
passing said abutment when not under pressure, thereby avoiding all friction due
to oscillation of said pistons under pressure, substantially as described.
20. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, and
rotating cylinders, into which cylinders extend stationary abutments having curved
projections protruding in opposite directions to reduce the waste steam area; said
pistons in passing the abutment are packed, and in oscillating clear the curved
projections, substantially as set forth.
21. A. rotary engine having rotating cylinders provided with oscillating pistons
which are connected by a shaft, and stationary abutments protruding therein and
packed in said cylinders, said abutments attached to stationary heads which are
also the heads of the cylinders, substantially as set forth.
22. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders with seats to receive oscillating
pistons, said seats having packing strips held in place by pins in oblong holes and
adapted to pack said pistons, substantially as set forth.
23. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons and packing
strips held in place by pins in oblong holes and projections for holding springs in
place, substantially as set forth.
24. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons connected
in pairs by a shaft and packing strips held in place by pins in oblong holes,
substantially as set forth.
25. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons and packing
strips beveled on the contact sides, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
26. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons connected in
pairs by a shaft, abutments mounted on stationary heads and a stationary cam which
oscillates said pistons in passing said abutments, substantially as set forth.
27. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons, abutments
mounted on stationary heads, and a stationary cam which oscillates said pistons to
pass said abutment, said cam having grooves running alternately concentric and
eccentric to control said pistons, whereby the pistons are held stationary with regard
to said cylinders, and are oscillated to pass said abutments respectively; the pistons
in oscillating and passing said abutments rotating with the cylinder and being at
rest with respect to said cylinder in propelling and rotating it, substantially as set
forth.
28. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons, abutments
mounted on stationary heads and a stationary cam located between said rotating
cylinders; said cam controlling the movements of the oscillating pistons, sub-
stantially as set forth.
29. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons with their
shafts and abutments mounted on stationary heads, and a stationary cam located
between said rotating cylinders; said cam being located beyond the circle described

page_text: by said piston shafts, thereby producing a cam of large diameter and small throw,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
30. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons with their
crank shafts and abutments mounted on stationary heads; a stationary cam, and
levers with their ends moving in said cam and oscillating and controlling said
pistons through their crank shafts, by means of said cam by which they are
operated, substantially as set forth.
31. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons with their
crank shafts, abutments mounted on stationary heads, a stationary cam, and levers
with their cuds moving in said cam and oscillating and controlling said pistons by
their crank shafts by means of said cams by which they are operated, said levers
being provided with guides which pass around the main driving shaft on which
they slide, thereby holding said levers in position with regard to the cam travel
and piston crank shafts, substantially as set forth.
32. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons with their
crank shafts, abutments mounted on stationary heads, a stationary cam, and levers
with their ends moving in said cam and oscillating and controlling said pistons by
their crank shafts by means of said cams by which they are operated, said levers
being provided with guides, substantially as set forth.
33. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons with their
crank shafts, abutments mounted on stationary heads, a stationary cam and levers
with their ends moving in said cam and oscillating and controlling said pistons by
their crank shafts by means of said cams by which they are operated, said levers
being provided with counterbalances to overcome centrifugal force, substantially as
set forth.
34. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons with their
crank shafts, abutments mounted on stationary heads, a stationary cam and levers
with their ends moving in said cam and oscillating and controlling said pistons by
their crank shafts by means of said cams by which they are operated; said levers
having cam blocks moving in said cams.
35. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons with their
crank shafts, abutments mounted on stationary heads, a stationary cam, and levers
with their ends moving in said cam and oscillating and controlling said pistons by
their crank shafts by means of said cams by which they are operated; the center
line of said cams and abutments diverge by the angle which is made by the distance
of lead or follow of the said piston crank shaft past the center of said oscillating
pistons, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
36. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons connected in
pairs by a shaft, abutments mounted on stationary heads provided with steam and
exhaust ports; said cylinders being connected by passages which equalize
simultaneously the pressure in each, for the purpose set forth.
37. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders securely attached to a driving
shaft, oscillating pistons connected in pairs by a shaft, abutments mounted on
stationary heads, said heads provided with journal boxes which receive the said
driving shaft; said boxes extending inward to enable the engine to be shortened,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
38. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons, with the crank
shafts, abutments mounted on stationary heads, a stationary cam, and levers moving
in said cam by which they are operated, said levers being provided with the gibb
blocks, d, to facilitate placing in position, substantially as set forth.
39. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons, with the crank
shafts, abutments mounted on stationary heads, a stationary cam and levers
moving in said cam by which they are operated, said levers being provided
with gibb blocks, d', to facilitate placing in position, substantially as set forth.
40. In a rotary engine having stationary heads, oscillating pistons, and rotating
cylinders forming annular cavities open at outer sides, said heads having annular
packing plates which pack against said cylinders, the faces of said plates and end

page_text: of pistons in contact therewith are made to an anti-friction curve to avoid unequal
wear between the said ends and said faces, substantially as set forth.
41. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, rotating cylinders provided with
annular cavities and stationary abutments protruding into and being packed in said
cavities, the ends of said abutments and the faces of the annular disk of said
rotating cylinder being in contact therewith and forming an anti-friction curve
to avoid unequal wear between said ends and faces, substantially as set forth.
42. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons, and a
stationary abutment disk, through which the steam is simultaneously admitted to
said cylinders whereby the end pressure resulting in friction is avoided, substan-
tially as described.
43. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons and a
stationary abutment disk provided with abutments extending into said cylinder in
which they are packed, said cylinders being packed against said disk, substantially
as described.
44. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons, an abutment
disk provided with abutments, said cylinders having a central cavity in which said
stationary abutment disk is adapted to be fitted, substantially as described.
45. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons and stationary
abutment disk having abutments extending into said cylinders which are formed by
outer and inner rings with the adjacent sides open and abutting against and packed
on said abutment disk, and the outer sides being closed by disks which form the
heads of the cylinders, substantially as set forth."
46. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders forming annular cavities by inner
and outer rings and outer disks, and having a central abutment disk, said cylinders
having seats for oscillating pistons which revolve with said cylinders, said seats
being formed by the enlargement of said cylinders and having heads provided with
journals to receive the shafts of the pistons, said heads being in the outer disks,
substantially as set forth.
47. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders forming annular cavities by inner
and outer rings and outer disks, said cylinders having seats for oscillating pistons
which revolve with said cylinders, said seats being formed by the enlargement of
said cylinders and having heads provided with journals to receive the shafts of the
pistons, each of which is independently mounted and independently operated;
substantially as set forth.
48. A rotary engine having stationary heads, a central abutment disk, rotating
cylinders and oscillating pistons controlled by cams on the interior surfaces of said
heads, substantially as described.
49. A. rotary engine having stationary heads provided with cams on the interior
surfaces, rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons with crank shafts which extend
into said cams, and controlled and oscillated by them, substantially as set forth.
50. A rotary engine having stationary heads provided with cams on the interior
surface, rotating cylinders and oscillating pistons with crank shafts whose crank is
provided with cam blocks, said cam blocks travelling in the groove of said cams,
thereby controlling the movements and oscillations of said pistons, substantially as
set forth.
51. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons formed of diametrically opposed
wings connected, rotating cylinders into which cylinders extend stationary abutments
having curved projections protruding in opposite directions, to reduce the waste
steam area, said pistons in passing the abutments are packed, and in oscillating clear
the said curved projections, which are formed of the curves, i,,, and i, described
by the interior faces and edges of the piston wings, substantially as shown and
described.
52. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, a rotating cylinder and stationary
heads, said cylinder connected to a hollow shaft which is mounted in journal boxes
attached to said heads, said hollow shaft being flexibly connected to a driving shaft,
substantially as set forth.

page_text: 53. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, rotating cylinders and stationary
heads, said cylinders connected to a hollow shaft which is mounted in journal boxes
attached to said heads, said hollow shaft being flexibly connected to a driving shaft
within it, substantially as set forth.
54. A. rotary engine having oscillating pistons, rotating cylinders, and stationary
heads, said cylinders connected to a hollow shaft which is mounted in journal boxes
attached to said heads, said hollow shaft being flexibly connected to a driving shaft
within it by the means of buffers secured between lugs on the inner periphery of
the hollow shaft and lugs on the outer periphery of the driving shaft, substantially
as set forth.
55. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder connected to a hollow shaft
mounted in journals stationary to said cylinder, and a driving shaft within said
hollow shaft, the hollow shaft being flexibly connected to the driving shaft,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
56. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, a rotating cylinder and stationary
heads, said cylinder connected to a hollow shaft which is mounted in journal boxes,
said hollow shaft being flexibly connected to a driving shaft, substantially as set forth.
57. In a rotary engine, a rotating steam cylinder and pistons provided with
cranks and controlled by a steam cylinder, for the purpose set forth.
58. In a rotary engine, a rotating steam cylinder and oscillating pistons provided
with cranks and controlled by a steam cylinder, for the purpose set forth.
59. In a rotary engine, a rotating steam cylinder, oscillating pistons, a steam
cylinder, and lever forming the piston rod and the piston head of the steam cylinder,
said lever being provided with the link for operating the oscillating pistons, for the
purpose set forth.
60. In a rotary engine, a rotating steam cylinder, pistons, a steam cylinder, and
a lever forming the piston rod of the steam cylinder piston head, said lever being
provided with a link block for operating the pistons, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
61. In a rotary engine, a rotating steam cylinder, pistons, a steam cylinder, a
cam and a lever, provided with a link and forming the piston rod of the steam
cylinder piston head, and a cam operating said lever, for the purpose set forth.
62. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder, pistons, a steam cylinder, a cam, and
a lever forming the piston rod of the steam cylinder piston head, said lever being
provided with a link and a link block in which the crank of said piston is journaled,
and controlled by the said cam, for the purpose set forth.
63. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder, pistons, a steam cylinder, and a lever
forming the piston rod of the steam cylinder piston head, said rod provided with a
link at one end and at the other with a counterbalance, for the purpose set forth.
64. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder, pistons, a steam cylinder provided
with two cylinder heads, and a lever forming the piston rod of the steam cylinder
piston head, said rod provided with a link at one end and at the other with a
counter-balance, and passing through both heads of the said steam cylinder, for
the purpose set forth.
65. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder, pistons, a steam cylinder and a lever
forming the piston rod of the steam cylinder piston head, said rod being provided
with guides, for the purpose set forth.
66. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder, pistons, a steam cylinder and a lever
forming the piston rod of the steam cylinder piston head, said rod being provided
with a link at one end and at the other with guides around the driving shaft, for
the purpose set forth.
67. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder, pistons, a cam, a steam cylinder
having steam inlet and exhaust ports controlled by levers, and operated by a cam,
for the purpose set forth.
68. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder, pistons, a cam, a steam cylinder
having steam inlet and exhaust ports controlled by levers and a cam and a spring
to overcome the centrifugal force of said levers, for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 69. In a rotary engine, a rotating cylinder to which is securely attached a guide,
pistons, a cam, a steam cylinder having steam inlet and exhaust ports controlled
by levers and a cam, said lever passing through said guides, for the purpose set
forth.
70. In a rotary engine, pistons, a cam, a steam cylinder having inlet and exhaust
ports controlled by levers and a cam, and a rotating cylinder, to which is securely
attached the guide, K³, through which the lever, H, passes; lever, H, being pro-
vided with the flanges, L, between which and guide, K³, is placed the spring, L,
to overcome the centrifugal force of said lever, for the purpose set forth.
71. In a rotary engine, a rotating steam cylinder, and pistons provided with
cranks and oscillating substantially about their central axis, and controlled by a
steam cylinder, for the purpose set forth.
72. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder, and oscillating pistons, said
cylinder being formed by inner and outer rings and connecting heads between said
rings forming thereby an annular cavity, said inner ring having a groove in which
is fitted a stationary abutment disk provided with abutments extending into said
cavity, substantially as set forth.
73. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder, oscillating pistons, an abutment
disk, said pistons being provided with an opening to allow them to revolve around
the abutment disk on which said pistons are packed, substantially as set forth.
74. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, a rotating cylinder formed by
inner and outer rings and heads connecting said rings, and a stationary abutment
disk, the inner ring of said cylinder having a groove in which is packed the said
abutment disk, substantially as set forth.
75. A. rotary engine having a rotating cylinder, oscillating pistons formed by
disks, and inner and outer wings, said outer wings connecting said disks, substantially
as set forth.
76. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder formed by inner and outer rings
and connecting heads, and oscillating pistons having their crank shafts mounted in
said heads, and piston seats formed in the peripheries of said rings and extending
from head to head, substantially as set forth.
77. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder, an abutment disk, and oscillating
pistons formed by disks and inner and outer wings, said inner wings having an
opening to allow said pistons to revolve around the abutment disk during the
oscillations of the pistons, substantially as set forth.
78. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, a rotating cylinder formed by
inner and outer rings, and heads connecting said rings, and a hub secured to the
inner periphery of the inner ring and by means of which the cylinder is mounted
on the driving shaft, substantially as set forth.
79. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, a rotating cylinder formed by an
imperforate outer ring and an inner grooved ring, and heads connecting said rings,
an abutment disk having steam inlet and exhaust ports, and packed steam tight in
the groove of the inner ring, substantially as set forth.
80. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder, oscillating pistons formed by
disks and inner and outer wings, an abutment disk, the outer wing having a groove
in which is packed the outer periphery of the abutment disk, substantially as set
forth.
81. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, a rotating cylinder formed by
inner and outer rings and connecting heads, an abutment disk packed in a groove
in said inner ring, the outer ring having a flange and ribs for strengthening the
cylinder, substantially as set forth.
82. A rotary engine having oscillating pistons, a rotating cylinder formed by
inner and outer rings and connecting heads, an abutment disk packed in a groove
in the inner ring, and having its hub located within the inner periphery of the
inner ring, and a hub by which the rotating cylinder is mounted upon the driving
shaft secured to and located within the inner periphery of said inner ring, sub-
stantially as set forth.

page_text: 83. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder, oscillating pistons, an abutment
disk, said cylinder being formed by inner and outer rings and heads in which the
crank shafts on each end of the pistons are mounted, the inner ring having a groove
in which the abutment disk is packed, substantially as set forth.
84. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder, oscillating pistons, an abutment
disk, said cylinder being formed by inner and outer rings and connecting heads
secured to and rotating with said rings, the inner ring having a groove in which
the abutment disk is packed, substantially as set forth.
85. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons connected in
pairs by a shaft, abutments, and a stationary cam placed within and attached to the
outer casing, said cam oscillating said pistons in passing the said abutments, sub-
stantially as set forth.
86. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders, oscillating pistons, abutments,
and a stationary cam placed within and attached to the outer casing, said cam
oscillating said pistons to pass said abutments and having grooves, running alter-
nately concentric and eccentric to control said pistons whereby the pistons are held
stationary with regard to said cylinders, and are oscillated to pass said abutments
respectively; the pistons in oscillating and passing said abutments rotating with
the cylinder and being at rest with respect to said cylinder in propelling and
rotating it, substantially as set forth.
87. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders revolving within an outer casing,
abutments, oscillating pistons and a stationary cam placed within; and attached to
the outer casing said cam oscillating said pistons in passing the said abutments
substantially as set forth.
88. A rotary engine having rotating cylinders revolving within an outer casing,
abutments, oscillating pistons, and a stationary cam placed between the said cylinders
and within and attached to the outer casing, said cam oscillating said pistons in
passing the said abutments substantially as set forth.
89. A rotary engine having a rotating cylinder formed by inner and outer rings
and connecting heads, and oscillating pistons placed in seats provided for them in
said rings and heads the inner ring having a groove in which is packed a stationary
abutment disk substantially as set forth.
Dated this 9th day of
نمون
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.