IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BINDING SHEAVES OF CORN WITH BANDS OF STRAW OR OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thorvald Hansen, of Copenhagen, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BINDING SHEAVES OF CORN
WITH BANDS OF STRAW OR OTHER MATERIAL."
Sealed the 30th July 1878, and dated the 12th February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thorvald Hansen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th February 1878.
THORVALD HANSEN, of Copenhagen, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR BINDING SHEAVES OF CORN WITH BANDS OF STRAW OR OTHER MATERIAL."
This Invention of improvements in apparatus for binding sheaves of corn with
bands of straw or other material is applicable to the binding of sheaves with
twisted straw bands, and the binding goes on proportionally with the harvest
machine, which having reaped a quantity of corn sufficient for making a sheaf, is
effected by the binding apparatus making together with the straw band two half
hitches around the sheaf, to which thus is given a previous stretching.
The binding apparatus is chiefly used combined to one or more apparatuses by
which the corn successfully reaped (automatically for instance by lifters) is brought
into a sheaf apparatus. The last one is made of an iron wire railing, which by a
lever combination can be turned and thus emptied by the binder effecting the
binding of the sheaf as soon as a quantity of corn sufficient for the making of the
sheaf is collected, while the straw band by which the binding is effected may be.
rolled upon a reel applied to the harvest machine.
The chief parts of the binding apparatus are, a receiver open above for the corn,
in which the binding of the sheaf is effected; a band passing round the sheaf,
which forms together with the straw band the passage round the sheaf; a binder
conveying the uncut end of the straw band into a pair of binder tongs, which
together with the above-mentioned binder effects the crossings of the ends of the
straw band as soon as two reels are formed by the help of the straw band, and at
the same time gives the formed half hitch a previous stretching, and at last a

page_text: communication by which the band passing round the sheaf and the binder, as well
as the binder tongs, are connected to the drawing wheel of the harvesting machine
in such a manner that these parts remain connected to it under a certain fraction of
its turning. Next to that they are automatically released from this connection, so
that the mentioned parts each time the connection is effected get a limited motion,
and then stop in the position from which they issued.
The above-mentioned receiver for the corn is made of an upward open cylinder
which surrounds the one end of the sheaf, and protects it from being brought in
disorder by the binding as well as by one or more crooked rods. Between the end
of the cylinders and the crooked rods sufficient room is found for the band which
is to be passed round the sheaf. The corn falls from the sheaf apparatus into the
receiver as soon as the binder has emptied it. The band passing round the sheaf
turns, while the binding operation is going on, round about on the outside of the
mentioned cylinder. It ends in a pair of tongs, by the help of which it catches the
free end of the straw band. The binder is made of a rod ending in an eye, into
which is introduced the free end of the straw band previously to its being laid into
the tongs of the band passing round the sheaf. The rod can be slid up and down
in a channel, which may be turned a little sideways. The rod may be acted upon
by a cam disc and a spiral spring.
The binder tongs are formed by a crooked bar applied to a slopingly placed shaft
ending in a pair of tongs. The shaft is provided with an arm which by a groove
roller is kept fast to a cam disc on another shaft, which while the apparatus is
operating has a regular turning in such a manner that the formerly mentioned
shaft gets an oscillating motion in which the binder tongs participate. The first
revolution makes the band passing round the sheaf lie outside the binder tongs.
As soon as the band passing round the sheaf has performed the second stroke, the
binder tongs appear and catch the free end, kept till then by the band passing
round the sheaf. Under this motion the driver conveys the uncut end of the straw
band between the sheaf and the binder tongs before the tongs have caught the free
end of the straw band, and further open the tongs of the binder tongs in such a
manner as to catch the straw band. The binder tongs then convey the cut-end to
the uncut one of the straw band, and under the first formed coil. After that, both
the binder tongs and the binder contribute to give a previous stretching to the
thus made half hitch. The shaft of the band passing round the sheaf must needs
make two turnings during the operation of the apparatus, while the driver and the
binder tongs only make one. The communication is provided with a groove roller.
As soon as the binding apparatus is connected to the drawing wheel of the machine,
a pin enters into the slot of the groove roller and remains there, by which operation a
loosening of the binding apparatus is prevented until the groove roller has made a
whole turning. A spring then conveys the pin out of the slot through the same
opening as it entered. At the same time the loosening is effected because of its
drawing back the shaft of the groove roller with its parts.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thorvald Hansen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th August
1878.
THORVALD HANSEN, of Copenhagen, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR BINDING SHEAVES OF CORN WITH BANDS OF STRAW OR OTHER MATERIALS."
This automatic binding apparatus binds the sheaves with loops of straw bands
or yarn, requiring but a convenient driving power, proper adjustment, and super-
vision.
The binding apparatus may form a separate machine or form part of a reaper.
In both cases it is provided with a collecting, or gathering attachment, which
attends to the taking-up of the corn by machinery, and mechanically carries the
portions for the formed sheaves into the place or bind room where the binding is
accomplished.
The collecting apparatus is somewhat different in form, accordingly as the sheaf
binder is a separate apparatus or part of a reaper, but the binding apparatus itself
may be identical in both cases. The straw band or yarn, with which the binding
is effected, is reeled up on a spool upon the machine. The apparatus makes a loop
of the band round the sheaf, which has previously been brought into the bind
room, next cuts off the band, and takes hold of the loose end of the rope whilst
the sheaf is laid upon the ground by the floor of the bind room opening down-
wards.
In the accompanying Drawings forming part of this Specification Figure 1 is a
view from above of an independent sheaving machine; and Figure 2 the same in
cross section along X, X, Figure 1, the less important parts for the sake of clearness
being omitted.
The constitutive parts of the sheaving apparatus proper are, the bind room A,
the looper b, the strap leader or guide c, the binding pincers d, and a fixed double
clamp e, to which a circular saw f belongs. The bind room is formed by the
bars a, a, a, a, a, a. These last ones, namely, a and a are firmly secured_
upon the machine, for they are only the prolongations of the bars which form the
frame of the gathering apparatus. On the other hand a, ai, and a, a, protrude
from a moveable roller a. When a sheaf is bound up in the cage or room the roller
revolves 180°, wherewith the cage gets open at the bottom, so that the ready sheaf
is laid upon the earth, and the bars a, a, will alternate with the bars a, a, these
now coming to form the cradle for a sheaf in combination with the bars a¹, a.
As shown by the Drawings the part of the cage or cradle which is formed by the
bars a, a, a, has a somewhat larger diameter than the other portions of the casing
in order to allow the room required by the looper. This last one is set on a hollow
shaft b', with which it rotates. It is bent at such an angle that its free extremity
provided with an eye can revolve inside the cradle, yet outside of the sheaf, right.
opposite the part of the latter upon which the half hitch shall be laid..
The rope of straw band , Figure 3, passes from the aforesaid reel through the
shaft of the looper, and axial with it comes out across the eye, where the looper
ends, and next reaches the fixed double clamp tongs, which holds it fast until the
sheaf is tied up. The double clamp tongs c has its two upper jaws fitted with a
projection es, which a spring e¹ holds pressed with its outer end inward against the
cog wheel e²
When a sheaf is to be bound the double clamp e is opened by the
rotation of the cog wheel e², and then the rope grasped by tongs or pincers con
the end of the looper t. The latter is composed of a bar c', which ends in the
aforesaid tongs, and can slide to and fro in a groove c² that again can revolve up
or downward around the bolt c³ and sidewise on the bolt or pin c. The bar c' is
driven forward to the sheaf by the bar g' with a friction roller g² and the cog
wheel g³, but backward by the spiral spring g'. The outer end of the lever g' is
connected with the bar c¹ at the free end of a pulley block, and proceeds from a.

page_text: double grooved pulley g³, this serving to increase the rotary displacement originated
in the cog wheel g³, yet being possibly dispensed with by selecting other dimensions
differing from the ones shown in the Drawings.
The up-and-down, as well as lateral motions of the looper, is caused by a grooved
wheel with raised ribs h¹, with which the looper is in connection by means of the
curved arm h² firmly secured upon the slide c². (In order to avoid unnecessary
complication in the Drawings h¹ and ² are not shown in Figure.)
The upper jaw of the tongs d in the looper is provided with a lip c³, which is
turned or bent outward and sidewise opposite the slide c² so as to allow free play
to the latter. As the looper moves forward the projecting lip of the jaw c5 is twice
operated upon by a friction roller ce fitted on the slide, viz., once when the clamp
or tongs of the looper is about to grasp the rope in the fixed clamp e, and the other
time when the sheaf is bound up, and the looper shall therefore release the rope.
The binding tongs d are formed by a curved arm d that proceeds from the oblique
shaft d', with which it revolves, and ends in the tongs d.
By means of a universal joint the oblique shaft is connected with a horizontal
shaft d. This last one, and subsequently also the oblique shaft, are set in motion
by the arm d³, which a spiral spring holds in proper place against the corrugated
disc d. The spiral spring is not shown in the Drawings, but one of its ends is
-secured upon the flange d³, while the other end upon the eye de. The oblique
shaft d¹ has not its-bearings shown in the Drawings. This was to avoid unnecessary
complication of the latter."
The ribbed or corrugated disc h¹, with the cog wheels e², g³, and d, and likewise
a fourth cog wheel i, of which mention will be made later, are all centered upon
a common horizontal shaft x¹, which, as the machine is run, turns in the direction
shown by the arrow, Figure 2, and makes only one revolution, while the shaft b¹ of
the looper goes twice round.
:
The position of the looper, rope, guide, and binding tongs as they recede from
the machine is shown in Figure 3, whereas Figures 1 and 2 show the same parts
in the positions they respectively take when the looper has just turned about one
and three-quarters of a revolution, or again has laid the binding about 1/4 of its
circuit around the sheaf shortly before the two loops of the binding cross each
other for making the hitch, by which the sheaf is tied up. The nature of that
hitch can be varied very much by varying the form of the ribbed disc h¹ and that
of the cog wheel g³, whereby the run of the looper is modified. With the form of
the ribbed disc h¹, cog wheel g³, and the track α, B. r, see Figure 3, the looper's
clamp following while the machine goes, as shown in the Drawings, the hitch
shown in Figure 6 is produced. The parts of the two convolutions of the binding
around the sheaf, which are not visible in that Figure, run parallel to each other.
From the receding position (Figure 3) the looper will, as the machine runs,
revolve downward beneath the sheaf in the cage A, μ, &, n, indicating the track of
the eye of the looper. The binding tongs d will move forward, describing an arc of
a circle, which in Figures 1 and 2 is projected as ellipses 9, w, w, in the direction
indicated by the arrow in Figure 3. The looper & will, following the track α, B,
and in the direction indicated by the arrows, descend behind one of the tongs of
the double clamp e¹, and comes up between these. Before the clamp c is reached
the friction roller c has taken hold of c7, the most forward of the studs on the pro-
tracted upper jaw of the tongs c', and thereby so opened the same tongs c that these
will open to the cut end of straw band while this is progressing toward the sheaf
between the two tongs of the double clamp e. When the tongs c have progressed
far enough between the tongs e the stud c is liberated from the friction roller c6, so.
that the tongs c become shut, grasping the tie of straw band. In this position the
looper remains for a moment without moving until the ribbed disc e² has so opened
the double clamp e that the latter slips the piece of straw band. Meanwhile the
looper has turned the first 1/8 of a revolution, the roller has revolved half a turn,
whereby the bind room or cage A has got open downward and shut again, so that
with the same stroke the sheath has been laid upon the earth, and there has been

page_text: made fresh room for a new sheaf. Before this has taken place, but before the
binding tongs has progressed a trifle toward the sheaf the corn for the next sheaf is
thrown down in the cradle A from the incline plane B by the wings C, which shift
their position for every sheaf that becomes tied up, and so do also the bars in the
bind room.
Thereupon the binding tongs continue to revolve, tending to the
position shown in Figures 1 and 2, where they remain stationary for a while, after
which the looper completes its first revolution, whereby the first loop around the
sheaf is so made as it comes to lie also over the binding tongs. In the meantime
the looper has moved a little way forward; thereupon it travels some way to the
right and also forward to the sheaf, pulling across over the loop the piece of tie it is
holding, and thus passing by the binding tongs to the right-hand side; for these next
it swings to the left, whereby it throws the rope or tie which it held under the beak
of the binding tongs. A little stud h³ on the ribbed disc h¹, which by the bye is
circular, in vertical projection will now lift the looper up so much as to make it rise
above the binding tongs; the looper backs some way sinks again, whereupon it
swings again to the right, and progresses then to the left, to the position shown in
Figures 1 and 2, at the same time leaving its piece of tie once more in and under
the binding tongs; the looper has thus now formed a hitch or eye with the tie
around the binding tongs outside, or on the right-hand side of the first loop which
clasps the sheaf.
Immediately before the looper b passes another time by the binding tongs & these
are opened by the curved part cs of the bar c¹ of the looper, this taking hold of the
binding tongs d at their upper jaw. As soon as the looper is gone by the binding
tongs d these continue their progressive displacement in the aforesaid revolution
and keep opening until in the position shown by Figure 4. When there they take
better hold of the tie for looping it over again as the second loop is laid upon the
lower jaw of the binding tongs yet to the right of it and out of its upper jaw.. As
soon as the binding tongs have reached the position shown in Figure 4 the looper
goes forward and to the left, thus slipping the upper jaw of the binding tongs, so
that these grasp the second loop. Thereafter the binding tongs drives this loop
backward in the shape of a knot in the direction shown by the arrow in Figure 4,
across the eye which the looper has formed around the binding tongs, and thereupon
inward under the first loop. After that it springs back swiftly to the release
position shown in Figure 3, thus pulling the formed knot tighter in connection with
the looper & which at the same time was travelling to take the position shown in
Figure 5, in which the friction roller ce meets with the jut c8 of the protracted
jaw c so that the tongs c of the looper get open and thus slip their piece of tie next
the looper springs back to the receding position shown in Figure 3.
Under the tightening the loop laid round the binding tongs is pulled to a single
knot which unites both ends of the tie; one of these, that of the looper before the
simple knot, crosses over the nearest loop, the other, that of the binding tongs after
the simple knot has crossed under the loop, see Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 shows
a moment of tightening of the hitch around the sheaf..
For the purpose of laying the tie again in the double clamp e after the binding
of a sheaf a clasp n is used, which is turned up and fixed up the arm d² of the
binding tongs. The motion of the binding tongs d will induce the motion of the
clasp n in the circular track, which in Figures 1 and 2 is projected as ellipses 9, v.
In the position shown (Figures 1 and 2) for the binding tongs the clasp n is yet
staying so far back that the first loop does not afford to come ever it, as the looper
lays it around the sheaf and binding tongs outside of the clasp; on the contrary,
the other loop will come to overlap the clasp, as the binding tongs have progressed
to that utmost position to the right before the looper passes by the clasp. At the
sudden backing of the binding tongs the clasp n will therefore grasp the tie
outside of the hitch which is formed around the sheaf, and jointly with the looper
it will betake that part of the tie to such a position that this comes in between the
jaws of both tongs of the double clamp which the cog wheel e² has previously forced
open. As soon as the tic is laid in the double clamp this closes itself, and as the

page_text: clasp n under the sudden backing presses the tie inward against the edge of a small
circular saw f; the latter cuts off the tie. During the last period of the sudden
backing of the binding tongs these are opened by a fixed roller so as to slip the
cut piece of tie, whereby the sheaf can fall out of the binding cage at the accom-
panying opening of the latter. However, this roller is not shown on the Drawings
in. order to avoid useless complication. The circular saw f is driven round by.
running sheaves f¹ and f%, this latter one being secured upon the shaft x¹.
By shaping the ribbed disc h¹ and the cog wheel g³ in such a manner that the
eye on the track of the looper be left off, and that consequently the looper leaving
its position between the tongs of the double clamp e will merely cross its tie over
the loop and lay the same in under the beak of the binding tongs. The hitch thus
obtained is shown in Figure 7, where the invisible halves of the loops running back
of the sheaf are parallel.
By further changes in the track of the looper one will be able to produce several
other knots, both new and already known.
The ways in which the track of the looper can be modified are generally the
following:
-
3
1. The looper may lay its tie in under the beak of the binding tongs before the
first loop, but not before the other one.
2. The looper may lay its tie in under the binding tongs before the second loop,
or again after the first loop, but not before it.
3. The looper may lay its tie in under the binding tongs either before the first loop,
and after it, or also before the other loop, which again can take place in two ways,
namely, either a, so as to originate a buckle which crosses over the first loop;
or b, so as to originate a knot around the first loop underneath the binding tongs.
4. The looper may form one or several buckles around the binding tongs alone
before the first loop.
5. The looper may form a single or multiple buckle around the binding tongs
alone after the first loop, and also before the other loop.
In both cases (4 and 5) the buckles may be so shaped as either, a, to let the tie
proceed from below under the binding tongs up to the top of the same, and again
downward underneath it; or, b, to let the tie pass around the binding tongs and
downward under it.
6. The looper may form one or several buckles around the binding tongs either
before and after the first loop, or also before the other one, and that again may be
made in two manners, namely, either a, so that the buckles on the one side of the
first loop run in the same direction as the buckles on the other side of that loop;
or, b, so that the buckles on one side of the first loop run in opposite direction to
that of the buckles on the other side of the same loop.
It is further possible so to combine the motions of the binding tongs and looper,
that at the completion of the hitch the binding tongs will grasp the tie from the
looper instead of from the tyer, in such a manner that the binding tongs act jointly
with the tyer which strains on the hitch.
When the looper forms buckles around the binding tongs before or after the first
loop it is also possible to let the first loop run only around the sheaf, and not
likewise around the beak of the binding tongs. When the looper forms buckles
around the binding tongs, or when the binding tongs are so arranged as to grasp
the beak of the looper instead of that of the tyer, one of the loops can be omitted.
Yet it is also possible to let the tyer run three or more loops instead of 2, and
finally the tyer may be so arranged as to run one or several loops in one direction,
and later one or several loops in the opposite direction, whereby the hitch is formed
on the tie of the looper, and so on.
By combining all these modes of motion it is possible to make up a great
number of different hitches. However, the two hitches that are shown in Figures 6
and 7 have been deemed to be the most practical for the present purpose, and, then
especially the hitch shown in Figure 7.
:
In order to keep the sheaf compressed, while being tied up, curved arms; are

page_text: used. They proceed from a sheath j', which can revolve on a shaft 2 by the prong j³.
The rotation of the arms j is due to the cog wheel i¹ on the shaft x¹, and a bar i
which is connected by a joint to the arm . The bar i² is established for a see-saw
motion in a sleeve ³, secured upon the shaft x¹. The free end of the same bar is
provided with a pawl 4, which a spiral spring holds in position against the cog
wheel i'. As soon as the bind room or cradle is empty, and the corn for the next
sheaf is come down to that place, the cog wheel i drives the arms j forward over
the ear end of the sheaf, whereby the latter is powefully compressed. When the
tyer has nearly completed the second loop, the force of the spiral spring drives
the arms ¹ back.
The ribbed disc h¹ and the cog wheels i, g³, and d*, as well as the grooved piece f³,
are not all seated on the very shaft ¹, but upon a case k, which surrounds the
shaft x, and is moveable axially to and fro along that same shaft. The sheath.j¹
is likewise moveable along its arbor 12, and the roller a upon its shaft a'. The
tyer f is so arranged as to admit of shortening and lengthening, and all the other parts
of the binding apparatus itself are so combined as to move parallel to themselves
in a direction transversal to the machine; or, again, that they can be set in several
different places in the machine, for the purpose of thus being able to vary the
position of the tie on the sheaf, and adjust the machine according to circumstances
for binding the corn which is short or that which is long strawed.
Motion is imparted to the shaft x by the drawing wheel D and the axle ³ of
the same. The rotation of this last piece by dint of driving is communicated
according to circumstances by means of three different sets of gears u¹, u², and u³,
to the shaft x², from which by means of the gearing y³ and y' it is again conveyed
unchanged to the shaft x at the rate of velocity of transportation itself. From this
last shaft the motion is further propagated by the toothed wheels 1, 2, 3, to the
shafts and b¹. By means of the different sets of gears y¹; y2, and y³, the driver
can as he wants it alter the speed at which the binding machine works in pro-
portion to the velocity of progression of the machine. The set of gears y', y, and y³,
in the accompanying Drawing, will then answer to the formation or gathering of a
sheaf within a proportional displacement of about 9, 12, and 15 feet respectively, as
the machine is carried forward.
Should it become necessary to originate another process of the binding machine
in relation to the distance travelled, the set of gears y¹, y², and y³, can easily be
changed and replaced with other toothed wheels of a better fitting.
In order to render it possible to set into gear and out of gear, or to take out any
whatever of the sets of gearing y¹, y², and y³, the toothed wheels on the shaft ³ are
secured upon a socket, which can slide axially along the same shafts. All the
toothed wheels mentioned y', y², y³, y, z¹, 22, and z³, are indicated in Figure 2 by
their pitch lines (pitch circles, divisions of the radii) only.
Instead of connections by means of gears, endless chains may be used on appro-
priate pulleys, and other methods may likewise be good for connecting the three
shafts ³, x, and b', with one another in the right manner.
To set in motion the wings C, capable of rotating on the pins o and also the
cradle A, where the binding is effected, the toothed wheel m, which the central
shaft x² bears, is used. This gear is "mutilated," being provided with teeth upon
only a small part of its circumference; its teeth are intended to gear into two sinall
pinions m' and m2, each of which has such a number of teeth as to complete one
revolution exactly for every time the cog wheel m¹ passes by, and catches in with
its teeth; both the cog wheel m and pinions m¹ and m² are indicated in Figure 2
by their pitch lines only. Either one of the pinions rests by its axle upon bearings
in a frame, which however is not shown in Figure 1, for avoiding unnecessary com-.
plication of the Drawings. The shaft of each of these pinions is provided with a
crank and 2, which a flail stop connects from one of the pinions to another
crank for the notion of the wings C, and from the other pinion to a crank for
the motion of the shaft, corresponding to the moveable part of the bind room or
cradle.
•

page_text: In order to prevent the rotation of the pinions and therewith of the wings P,
and of the moveable part of the cradle when the pins are not locked into the teeth
of the cog wheel m, two toothed joints p¹ and p2 are used. One of the coupling
discs of each of these joints is secured upon the frame in front of the shafts of the
pinions, and the other part is fastened to the pinion itself. This last one is set to
slide along its shaft, but held by a spring q, which firmly presses it with its
coupling disc against the steady or stationary coupling disc.
When the teeth of the mutilated gear m¹ take into the pinions m¹ and m², the
two halves of the coupling box are severed from each other by a forerunner u¹,
a spring which is fastened upon the outer side of the cog wheel m, that spring
locking into the inner part of a collar u² upon the pinions, and thereby throwing
off the pinion along its axle from its connection, and holding it disconnected as
long as the gearing keeps on.
The take up or gathering apparatus is formed of a number of curved iron bars E,
Figure 2, which sweep along the ground and work as a kind of rake, and also of
elevator F, Figure 2, which brings the corn from the curved iron bars or forks E up
to the top of a slope B, from which it slips down into the sheaving room formed
by the wings C; there the corn is gathered until there is enough of it to form one
sheaf. The iron hay forks E are jointed at S, and thus connected with the box t
of the elevator, so that they always tend to graze the ground. They are further so
curved, as shewn in Figure 2, as to avoid that they would furrow the earth, but
only to stroke it, gathering the corn like a sort of rake.
For the carrying up of the corn along the bars E to the elevator Z another
elevator can be used, made of two endless belts which ride over corresponding drums,
and are fitted with rods extending crossway against the bars, either above or under-
neath them. In the latter case there must be on -the rods small teeth or prongs
which take in between the bars E. The elevator F is clad underneath and on the
sides with a tin jacket t, along the bottom of which the corn can be shovelled up,
this bottom admitting of transverse corrugations.
The elevator proper consists of two endless belts t¹ running over corresponding
drums t2, each belt occupying one side of the machine. The space between the
belts is covered by the rods t³, the ends of which are firmly secured upon the belts.
These rods are provided with curved teeth t" which carry up the corn through the
box t along the bottom of this. In the vicinity of the upper edge of the box the
distance from the bottom of it to the elevator proper is somewhat reduced. The
outer ends of the prongs are therefore hemmed in by the bottom of the box, so
that they are a little spent nearly like springs ready to cast the haum out of the
box t downward on the slope B, as soon as they escape from the bottom of the
box t.
The motion of the elevator is produced by the strap disc t5 on one of the shafts
of the elevator. That strap disc is connected by an endless belt with the axle ³
of the drawing wheel. In a like manner is motion imparted to the elevator of the
rake when such a one is used.
To support the machine, use is made not only of the drawing wheel, but also a
smaller wheel G, Figure 2.
When the binding machine or sheaver does not constitute an independent
machine, but a part of a reaper, the rake E is replaced by the fingers of the finger
beam, and the table of the machine must then be shaped like an elevator which
runs the reaped corn toward the elevator in a direction perpendicular to the track
of the machine.
About the machine just now described there can be of course undertaken
numerous modifications which do not affect the principle of the Invention. Thus it
is possible to apply another mechanism than the gear coupling p¹ and p² to the
stopping of the wings in the gathering room and in the bind room.
One can
construct all the wheels and pulleys on the shaft x¹ for such direction of the latter's
motion as runs inversely to that shown by the Drawings; thereby are avoided the
middle shafts x² and x. One can altogether so construct the machine as to dispense

page_text: with the pulley 95, and endless chains may be used with pulleys fitted for chains or-
other arrangements instead of gears for connecting the shafts b¹, x¹, and x³.
In a like manner many other modifications may be undertaken without therefore
changing anything essential in the Invention.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,-
First. The application in machines to the purpose of binding sheaves with straw
bands or yarn of the fixed double clamp e, with the parts belonging to it, for the
holding fast of the cut end of straw band until it should be used for making a hitch
around the sheaf.
Secondly. The application (in machines for binding sheaves with straw bands or
yarn) of the loop layer b with its parts for the formation of the required loops of
straw band around the sheaf.
Thirdly. The application (in machines for binding sheaves with straw bands or
yarn) of the looper t and its respective parts to the carrying of the cut end of straw
band which it receives from the double clamp named under claim 1.
Fourthly. The application (in machines for binding sheaves with straw bands or
yarn) of the binding tongs d with respective parts for the operation of crossing
the ties with each other when the loops are laid round the sheaf for making the
hitch that shall keep the loops together.
Fifthly. The application, (in machines for binding sheaves with straw bands or
yarn) of the clasp n with its respective parts in connection with the loop layer
mentioned under claim 2 (for bringing the straw band once more into the double
clamp mentioned under claim 1) when the hitch round the sheaf is formed; and
further, in connection with the circular saw fon the fixed frame of the machine to
cut off the straw between the hitch formed round the sheaf and the double clamp.
Sixthly. The combining of the parts designed under the claims 1 to 5 included, to
make a machine for binding sheaves with straw band or yarn.
Seventhly. Such machines for binding sheaves with straw band or yarn, and also
one of the new hitches which can be made with the machines described.
Eighthly. The revolving bind room or cradle A, in which the binding takes place
and which empties itself (automatically) whenever a sheaf is just bound up
in it.
'
Ninthly. The arms (levers) j with their respective parts for the compression of
the sheaf whilst binding.
Tenthly. The gathering arrangement which is formed of the wings C for taking
up the corn, and also automatically emptying the corn into the bind room when a
quantity of it sufficient for the formation of one sheaf has been gathered.
Eleventhly. The machinery herein described, substantially for the purposes set
forth..
In witness whereof, I, the said Thorvald Hansen, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight
THORVALD HANSEN. (L.s.)