IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS OR LIGHTING APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare
the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS OR LIGHTING
APPARATUS to be as follows :-
»
This Invention relates to electric lamps capable of being used as incandescent
or are lamps, according to the position in which the armatures, contact rollers, and
nuts hereinafter described are adjusted.
The improved lamp may be used with any kind of machine or battery for
generating electricity, and in any system of electric lighting. A number of lamps
constructed according to this Invention may be connected in the same circuit, or
they may be worked in connection with lamps of other systems, and supplied
with electricity simultaneously therewith.
The number of lamps which can be connected in a circuit is limited by the
power of the current generator. Likewise, the passage of a stronger or weaker
current through the lamp causes a limited increase or decrease in the power of the
light, without causing any damage to any of the lamps. One or more lamps may
be lighted, or extinguished without affecting the other lamps in the circuit. The
length of the arc is altered, when desired, by means of the said adjustable
armatures.
The various parts of the lamp are so arranged that no shadows are cast thereby.
The construction and the mechanism of the said lamp are such that the latter will
not require many repairs.
The said lamp is moreover certain in action and the manipulation thereof is
exceedingly simple and free from danger.
The expense of working this lamp is considerably below that of lamps of other
systems.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I provide two brass rods to which are
fixed a wooden cross and a wooden disc, both of which are held in their proper
positions by means of nuts. A hook or ring fixed upon the cross bar serves for
suspending the lamp.

page_text: The binding screws fixed upon the tops of the supporting rods serve for the
entrance and egress of the current.
A U-shaped copper bar, strip, or band is let into the said disc, to the extremities
of which band hinge joints are fixed by means of screws, a second copper strip or
band is also let into the disc which band is laid upon the first band. Into the
outer extremities of the second band is screwed a binding screw placed upon the
disc. Through apertures formed centrally in the first band and at the inner edge
of the second band, passes one of the supporting rods which is screwed tightly upon
the second band by a nut so that good contact is ensured between the said rod and
the bands.
A third copper band is let into the said disc, in the extremities of which band
are screwed respectively other binding screws hereinafter termed the first and
second screws, this third band has an aperture through which the second supporting
rod passes.
Good contact is ensured between the said supporting rod and the
third band as the former is screwed tightly upon the latter by means of a nut.
An iron plate is provided upon which is placed an electro-magnet which is
magnetically insulated from the said plate by means of a thin brass plate below
the said magnet. The iron plate is screwed upon the wooden disc and the magnet
is secured to the said plate by means of brass. The coils of the magnet are made
of very thin and well insulated copper wire, and offer a resistance of about
150 ohms to the passage of the current. One extremity of the wire of the said
coils is attached to the second binding screw which is fixed to the second band, the
other extremity being attached to the first binding screw of the third band.
A second electro-magnet is provided, also magnetically insulated from the iron
plate by a thin brass plate and fixed thereon by means of screws. The coils of the
second magnet have say six layers of well insulated wire 2 "/ thick, one end of
which is fastened by a screw to the holder rod and the other end to a third
binding screw fixed upon the third band.
The magnets are so wound that the magnet of northern polarity is in the branch
circuit, and that of southern polarity in the main circuit. With this construction,
notwithstanding the brass insulation, the iron plate with the two magnets may be
considered as a single electro-maguet, the strength of which is about ten times
greater than that of a magnet having a single core with the same mass of iron, the
same size wires, and the same number of convolutions thereof.
The lower cross bar of the holder which is made of brass and carries the carbon
is connected with a bridge which joins the adjustable armatures of the magnets by
means of the holder rods and screws and nuts, in such a manner that the said rods
slide freely through brass tubes and through apertures formed in the iron plate
fastened to the wooden disc.
The holder rods are insulated from the bridge, and the apertures in the iron plate
are of such size that the said plate does not come into contact with either the said
rods or the tubes which are attached to the wooden disc so that no current cau
pass at these points.
Two iron rods are rivetted to the iron plate. These rods pass through the
bridge and upon their upper ends are screwed guiding nuts. Spiral springs are
coiled around the said iron rods. When no current is passing, the bridge and the
.armatures are forced away from the differential magnets by means of the said
spiral springs. The distance between the two armatures and the magnets is
regulated by the said nuts. Upon one holder rod, at a point between the bridge
and the iron plate, is fixed a binding screw.
Two brass plates are fixed upon the iron plate, between which plates is arranged
a train of gearing consisting of three wheels. The arbors of these wheels rotate
upon phosphor bronze bearings and require no lubrication. The said wheels are
preferably combined in such a manner that a revolution of the one of them herein-
after termed the brake-wheel allows a rack to descend a certain distance. The
said rack passes through an aperture in the iron plate and descends by reason of
its own weight, being held by rollers in gear with the teeth of the third wheel of

page_text: the train and thereby maintained in a vertical position. In the lower part of the
rack is a socket in which the carbon is placed, the said carbon being held therein
by means of a screw.
Copper arms provided at their lower extremities with screw-threads are hinged
to the lamp. At the ends of the said arms are copper forks between which
contact-rollers made of retort coke or metal rotate upon brass spindles. The said
forks may be raised or lowered by means of the nuts.
A metal screw is provided for adjusting the position of one arm and its roller in
relation to the carbon. A spring presses against the other arm and maintains a
firm contact between its roller and the carbon and between the latter and the other
roller, upon the peripheries of the rollers are formed grooves by means of which the
carbon is held.
Two iron supports carry the pivots of a double lever. The said supports are of
such length as to carry the double lever somewhat higher (say 0-150 m/) than the
bridge. Upon the upper part of the double lever at the extremities thereof are
rivetted pillars.
B
Nuts
Above the first pair of adjustable armatures is a second pair having the same
dimensions as the first pair. To the centres of the second adjustable armatures are
attached vertical screws; on both sides of these screws and at a distance of
say 12 therefrom are fixed iron guide pins having each a length of about 10™/'
The said screws are rivetted to the armatures and slide through the pillars.
are provided, by the turning of which the said armatures may be raised or lowered.
In order to render the movement of this screw steady the guide pins run in grooves
formed in the sides of the pillars. By raising or lowering the second armatures by
means of the screws thereof the upper carbon can be so regulated that a continuous
and constant are will be obtained.
In the double lever, immediately above the iron rods, are placed two screws
which are screwed down so as to allow the said lever and the second armatures a
movement of about 12 /. This space may be increased or decreased according as.
the screws are turned one way or the other.
A steel blade acting as a brake presses upon the first wheel of the train, the
position of the said blade being regulated by means of a screw to correspond with
the movement of the double lever.
A copper socket is fixed to the holder bar, in which socket the lower carbon is
fastened by means of a screw.
The lamp is provided with a sheet iron reflector and a transparent glass globe.
The above described electric lamp operates in the following manner, that is to
sayWhen it is placed in circuit the current enters at the binding screw on one
of the supporting rods and passes through the said rods; a portion of the current
passes through the second bar or band and the second binding screw and enters the
coils of the electro-magnet wound with fine wire leaving the same by the first
binding screw whence it passes through the third bar or band into the other
supporting rod and leaves the lamp through the binding screw attached thereto.
The main current passes through the first bar or band, the hinge joints, the
contact-arms, and the rollers, to the upper carbon, from which it passes to the
lower carbon, the holder bar, a holder-rod, and a binding screw attached thereto,
to the coils of the magnet which it leaves through the third binding acrew,
subsequently passing through the third bar, a supporting rod, and the first binding.
screw, to the line to supply the next lamp or return to the current generator.
When the current enters the lamp the differential magnets attract the first
armatures and draw down the bridge, whereby the holder rods and the bar
carrying the lower carbon are drawn downwards, causing the said carbon to
separate from the upper carbon and produce the arc. The first armatures which
are attracted by the magnets as above mentioned become magnetic the one being
of north polarity and the other of south polarity. These two armatures then
exert a corresponding magnetic influence upon the second adjustable armatures,
the latter being situated at a distance from the first armatures which can be

page_text: regulated by screws. When the said second adjustable armatures are in their
lowest position they cannot come into contact with the first armatures but only
remain under the magnetic influence of the latter.
With an ordinary are light, the greater part of the current flows through the
coils of the magnet wound with large wire, and consequently the armature thereof
has a greater magnetic power than the armatures of the magnet wound with small
wire. In this case the first mentioned armature draws an adjustable armature
⚫ towards it and consequently the end of the double lever, whereby the brake is
brought to bear against the brake wheel causing the rack and the carbon to be
firmly held and prevented from moving. When the arc increases in length by
reason of the combustion of the carbons, the resistance to the passage of the current
is increased and the quantity of electricity passing through the main circuit
decreases, while the quantity of electricity passing through the coils of the magnet
wound with small wire is increased proportionately whereby the magnetic power of
the armature attracted by the latter magnet is also increased until it exceeds that
of the other armature, consequently the adjustable armature and the other
extremity of the lever are drawn down, whereby the brake releases the rack,
allowing the carbon to fall until the arc recovers its normal length. When the arc
regains its normal length the brake-wheel is again acted upon by the brake
whereby the rack is held until the arc again becomes too great when the mechanism
operates again in the manner above described.
When the current ceases to pass through the coils of the magnets whereby the
latter loose their magnetic power, the armatures are raised by the spiral springs,
together with the holder bar, and the lower carbon, to a height limited by the nuts.
The brake is also removed from the brake wheel, in consequence of which the
upper carbon is lowered until it comes in contact with the lower carbon.
By screwing the nuts up or down the second adjustable armatures may be
brought nearer to, or withdrawn further from, the influence of the first armatures,
whereby, independently of the power of the current; the brake can be again
applied, thus permitting, when the lamp is operating, an are light of suitable and
constant length to be obtained. By employing carbons of similar diameter a light
in which yellow, white or bluish violet rays predominate will be produced according
to the length of the arc.
When the lower carbon is of greater diameter than the upper carbon, for instance
when the upper carbon is 4" in diameter and the lower 6/m, or when the former
is 8 / in diameter and the latter 12/m, by adjusting the position of the contact-
rollers a greater or lesser incandescent light of the thin carbon may be obtained,
that is to say:-When, by screwing one armature upwards and screwing the other
armature downwards the movement of the upper carbon is effected in such a
manner that the same slowly sinks, so that the point thereof is just in contact with
the lower and thicker carbon, a small arc is developed between the two carbons,
and at the same time the thin carbon will become incandescent between its
extremity and the contact rollers. The nearer the contact rollers are placed to the
end of the carbon the shorter will be the incandescent portion of the thin carbon,
and the whiter and more intense the light, which becomes gradually more yellow
and lastly red as the contact rollers are raised.
The most perfect incandescent light may be developed in the above described
manner together with a small voltaic arc, without there being any fear of breaking
the incandescent point of the carbon thereby extinguishing the lamp.
It is evident, that by employing the above described mechanism one and the
same lamp may be used as an arc-lamp and also as an incandescent lamp.
When it is desired to illuminate a space in such a manner that the light shall be
equally diffused throughout the same, and when a mild light is required, the
current must be caused to enter at the first binding screw; if, on the contrary, it is
desired to obtain an intense light upon a definite surface, the current should be
caused to enter at the second binding screw.

page_text: By reason of the position of the positive carbon, and in consequence of its
sectional area being larger than that of the negative carbon, a powerful light is
produced the rays of which are thrown downwards by the reflector in the form
of a soft and white light which, although powerful, is nevertheless pleasant to
the eyes.
The contact rollers not only permit the length of the carbon which should
become incandescent to be regulated but also ensure a continuous and constant
resistance of the said carbons between the points at which the electric current
enters and leaves the lamp, this last advantage contributing particularly to the
regular operation of the mechanism.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: I HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co, Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings, London, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the
nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS OR LIGHTING
APPARATUS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
"
This Invention relates to electric lamps capable of being used as incandescent or
arc lamps, according to the position in which the armatures, contact rollers and
nuts hereinafter described are adjusted. The improved lainp may be used with
any kind of machine or battery for generating electricity, and in any system of
electric lighting. A number of lamps constructed according to this Invention may
be connected in the same circuit, or they may be worked in connection with lamps
of other systems and supplied with electricity simultaneously therewith.
The number of lamps which can be connected in a circuit is limited by the
power of the current generator. Likewise, the passage of a stronger or weaker
current through the lamp causes a limited increase or decrease in the power of the
light without causing any damage to any of the lamps. One or more lamps may
be lighted, or extinguished without affecting the other lamps in the circuit. The
length of the arc is altered when desired by means of the said adjustable
armatures.
The various parts of the lamp are so arranged that no shadows are cast thereby.
The construction and the mechanism of the said lamp are such that the latter will
not require many repairs.
The said lamp is moreover certain in action and the manipulation thereof is
exceedingly simple and free from danger.
The expense of working this lamp is considerably below that of lamps of other
systems.
In the accompanying Drawing
Figures 1, 2, and 3 are respectively a side elevation, front elevation and plan of
a lamp constructed according to this Invention.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are a front clevation, a plan and a side elevation drawn to an ;
enlarged scale of the parts of the lamp mounted upon the supporting disc.
Upon the two brass rods a a¹ are fixed the wooden cross bar A and the wooden
disc B both of which are held in their proper positions by means of the nuts & ď¹
d³ d³ d¹ dº d³ d².
The hook or ring fixed upon the cross bar A serves for suspending the lamp.
The binding screws fixed upon the tops of the rods a a¹ serve for the entrance
and egress of the current.
E indicates a U shaped copper bar, strip or band let into the disc B, to the
extremities of which band the hinge joints p p¹ are fixed by means of screws.
R. indicates another copper strip or band also let in the disc B which band is laid
upon the band E. Into the outer extremity of the band R is screwed the binding
screw e¹ placed upon the disc B. Through apertures formed centrally in the
band E and at the inner edge of the band R passes the rod a¹ which is screwed
tightly upon the band R by the nut №³ so that good contact is ensured between the
rod a and the bands R and E.
R' indicates another copper band let into the disc B in the extremities of which
band are screwed respectively the binding screws e e placed upon the disc B, this
band R' has an aperture through which the rod a passes. Good contact is ensured
between the said rod a and the band R' as the former is screwed tightly upon the
latter by means of the nut ď.

page_text: S indicates an iron plate and Dan electro magnet which is magnetically insulated
from the plate S by means of a thin brass plate below the said magnet. The
plate S is screwed upon the disc B and the magnet D is secured to the said plate S
by means of brass screws. The coils of the magnet D D are made of very thin
and well insulated copper wire and offer a resistance of about 150 ohms to the
passage of the current. One extremity of the wire of the said coils is attached to
the binding screw e' which is fixed to the band R. the other extremity being
attached to the binding screw e of the band R³.
HH is a second electro-magnet also magnetically insulated from the plate S by
The coils of the
a thin brass plate and fixed thereon by means of screws.
magnet H have say six layers of well insulated wire 2 m/m thick, one end of which
is fastened by the screw X to the rod b¹ and the other end to the binding screw c³
fixed upon the band R¹.
The magnets D and H are so wound that the magnet of northern polarity is in
the branch circuit g and that of southern polarity in the main circuit.
With this construction notwithstanding the brass insulation, the iron plate S
with the two magnets DH may be considered as a single electro magnet D SH,
the strength of which is about ten times greater than that of a magnet having a
single core with the same mass of iron the same size wires and the same number of
convolutions thereof.
The lower cross bar C which is made of brass and carries the carbon V is
connected with the bridge Z, which connects the adjustable armatures K K¹ of the
magnets D, H, by means of the brass rods b b₁ and screws and nuts, in such a
manner that the said rods 6 b¹ slide freely through the brass tubes 7 7² and through
apertures formed in the wire plate S fastened to the disc B;
The rods b and b' are insulated from the bridge Z, and the apertures in the
plate S are of such size, that the said plate does not come into contact with either
the said rods or the tubes which are attached to the disc B so that no current
can pass at these points.
z and indicate two iron rods rivetted to the plate S. These rods pass through
the bridge Z and upon their upper ends are screwed the guiding nuts h, h¹.
h2 h indicate spiral springs around the pins and 2¹. When no current is
passing the bridge Z and the armatures K K³ are forced away from the differential
magnets D H by means of the said spiral springs h³ and h³. The distance between
the two armatures K K' and the magnets D and H is regulated by the nuts h h'.
Upon the rod b' at a point between the bridge Z and the plate S is fixed the
binding screw X.
W and W' indicate two brass plates fixed upon the plate S between which plates'
is arranged a train of gearing consisting of the three wheels o o' o². The arbors of
these wheels rotate upon phosphor bronze bearings and require no lubrication.
The said wheels are preferably combined in such a manner that a revolution of the
brake wheel o allows a rack M to descend a distance of 0.1/m. The said rack
passes through an aperture in the plate S and descends by reason of its own
weight, being held by rollers in gear with the teeth of the wheel o' and' thereby
maintained in a vertical position. In the lower part of the rack M is a socket in
which the carbon N is placed the said carbon being held therein by means of a screw.
F G indicate copper rods provided at their lower extremities with screw
threads. The said rods are hinged at p p. U and U¹ indicate copper forks
between which the rollers P P₁, made of retort coke or metal, rotate upon brass
spindles. The said forks UU' may be raised or lowered by means of the
nuts u u'.
t indicates a metal screw for adjusting the position of the rod G and the roller P
in relation to the carbon. A spring t¹ presses against the rod F and maintains a
firm contact between the roller PT and the carbon N and between the latter and
the roller P. Upon the periphery of the rollers P P' are formed grooves by means
of which the carbon N is held.
w and w³ indicate iron supports carrying the pivots xx¹ of the double lever I

page_text: and I. The supports w and w¹ are of such length as to carry the double lever J¹
somewhat higher (say 0-150 m/m) than the bridge Z. Upon the upper part of the
double lever at the extremities thereof are rivetted pillars n n¹.
indicate two adjustable armatures having the same dimensions as the
armatures K K'. To the centres of the adjustable armatures k k' are attached
vertical screws n² n³ on both sides of these screws and at a distance of say 12"/m
therefrom are fixed the iron guide pins n' n³ and n n having each a length of
about 10. The screw n³ which is rivetted to the armature k slides through
the pillar n and has a nut n³ by turning which the said armature k may be raised
or lowered. In order to render the movement of this screw steady the guide
pins n and no run in grooves formed in the sides of the pillar n. The armature k¹
is likewise provided with a screw n³ which slides through the pillar n¹ and has a
nut n, and with guide pins no n² running in grooves formed in the pillar n.
By raising or lowering the two armatures k k¹ by means of screws n' n³ thereof
tho
upper carbon can be so regulated that a continuous and constant arc will be
obtained.
In the plate I r immediately above the rods z and 21 are placed the two
screws non which are screwed down so as to allow the said lever I I¹ and the
armatures k k¹ a movement of about 1/2"/m. This space may be increased or
decreased according as the screws n10 11 are turned one way or the other.
L indicates a steel blade acting as a brake upon the wheel o the position of the
said blade being regulated by means of a screw to correspond with the movement
of the lever I I.
T indicates a copper holder fixed to the bar C in which the carbon V is fastened
by means of the screw v.
Y indicates a sheet iron reflector and Y¹ a transparent glass globe.
The above described electric lamp operates in the following manner that is to
say—when it is placed in circuit the current enters at the binding screw c¹ and
passes through the rod a'; a portion of the current passes through the bar R and
the binding screw e¹ and enters the coils of the electro magnets D D leaving the
same by the binding screw e whence it passes through the bar R¹ into the rod a
and leaves the lamp through the binding screw c.
The main current passes through the bar E the hinge joints p p¹ the rods F G
the rollers P P¹ to the carbon N from which it passes to the carbon V the bar O
the rod ¹ and the binding screw X to the coils of the magnet H H which it leaves
through the binding screw e subsequently passing through the bar R¹ the rod a
and the binding screw e to the line to supply the next lamp or return to the
current generator. When the current enters the lamp the differential magnets D
and H attract the armatures K K' and draw down the bridge Z whereby the
rods b b' and the bar C carrying the carbon V are drawn downwards, causing the
said carbon to separate from the carbon N and produce the arc. The armatures
K and K which are attracted by the magnets D and H as above mentioned
become magnetic the one K being of north polarity and the other K₁ of south
polarity. These two armatures then exert a corresponding magnetic influence
upon the adjustable armatures k and the latter being situated at a distance from
the armatures K K' which can be regulated by screws. When the said adjustable
armatures k and c' are in their lowest position they cannot come into contact
with the armatures K and K' but only remain under the magnetic influence of the
latter,
With an ordinary arc light, the greater part of the current flows through the
coils of the magnet H and consequently the armature K' has a greater magnetic
power then the armature K of the magnet D. In this case the armature K¹ draws
the adjustable armature k¹ towards it and consequently the end I of the double
lever II, whereby the brake L is brought to hear against the wheel o causing the
rack M and the carbon N to be firmly held and prevented from moving.
When the arc increases in length by reason of the combustion of the carbons, the
resistance to the passage of the current is increased, and the quantity of electricity

page_text: passing through the main circuit decreases while the quantity of electricity passing
through the coils of the magnet D is increased proportionately, whereby the
magnetic power of the armature K attracted by the magnet D is also increased
until it exceeds that of the armature K', consequently the adjustable armature k
and the extremity I of the lever I I' is drawn down, whereby the break L releases
the rack M allowing the carbon N to fall until the arc recovers its normal length.
When the armature K¹ regains its normal strength and draws the adjustable
armature k¹ the wheel o is acted upon by the brake whereby the rack M is held
until the arc again becomes too great when the mechanism operates again in the
manner above described.
When the current ceases to pass through the coils of the magnets D and H,
whereby the latter lose their magnetic power, the armatures K and K' are raised by
the spiral springs h³ and h³ together with the bar C and the carbon V, to a height
limited by the nuts h, h¹. The brake L is also removed from the wheel o in
consequence of which the carbon N is lowered until it comes in contact with the
carbon V.
By screwing the nuts h and h¹ the adjustable armatures k and k¹ may be brought
nearer to or withdrawn further from the influence of the armatures K K' whereby,
independently of the power of the current, the brake L can be again applied thus
permitting, when the lamp is operating an are light of suitable and constant
length to be obtained. By employing carbons of similar diameter a light in which
yellow, white or bluish violet rays predominate will be produced according to the
length of the arc.
When the lower carbon is of greater diameter than the upper carbon, for
instance when the upper carbon is 4 m/m in diameter and the lower 6 "/m or when
the former is 8/"/m in diameter and the latter 12 mm, by adjusting the position of
the rollers P and P¹ a greater or lesser incandescence of the thin carbon may be
obtained, that is to say, when by screwing the armature k¹ upwards and screwing
the armature & downwards the movement of the carbon N is effected in such a
manner that the same slowly sinks, so that the point thereof is just in contact with
the lower and thicker carbon V, a small arc is developed between the two carbons
and at the same time the thin carbon will become incandescent between its
extremity and the contact rollers P and P¹. The nearer the rollers P, P' are placed,
to the end of the carbon the shorter will be the incandescent portion of the thin
carbon and the whiter and more intense the light, which becomes gradually more
yellow and lastly red as the contact rollers are raised.
The most perfect incandescent light may be developed in the above described
manner together with a small voltaic arc without there being any fear of breaking
the incandescent point of the carbon thereby extinguishing the lamp.
It is evident, that by employing the above described mechanism one and same
lamp may be used as an arc lamp and also as an incandescent lamp. When it
is desired to illuminate a space in such a manner that the light should be equally
diffused throughout the same and when a tild light is required the current must
be caused to enter at the binding screw e, if on the contrary it is desired to obtain
an intense light upon a definite surface, the current should be caused to enter at
the binding screw e².
By reason of the position of the positive carbon and in consequence of its
sectional area being larger than that of the negative carbon a powerful light is
produced, the rays of which are thrown downwards by the reflector y in the form
of a soft and white light which although powerful is nevertheless pleasant to the
eyes.
The contact rollers P and P¹ not only permit the length of the carbon point
which should become incandescent to be regulated, but also ensure a continuous
and constant resistance of the said carbons between the points at which the electric
current enters and leaves the lamp, this last advantage contributing particularly to
the regular operation of the mechanism.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is;
First. In an electric arc lamp the armatures K and K adapted to be adjusted
by means of the nuts h, h¹ at such a distance from the poles of the electro-
magnets D, H that when attracted towards the said poles the bar C carrying the
lower carbon V will be moved away from the upper carbon N, thereby causing
the formation of the voltaic arc.
Second. In an electric arc lamp the arrangement of a brake in combination with
the movable and adjustable armatures which operate under the magnetic
influence of the armatures K K' without coming into contact with the same,
substantially as, and for the purpose described.
Third. The employment of the lamp hereinbefore described as an incandescent
lamp by using a lower carbon having a sectional area several times larger than
that of the upper carbon, substantially as described.
Fourth. The production of a very small voltaic arc by the adjustment of the
nuts h h' and the movable armatures k, k' so that the armatures K. K¹ carrying the
bar C which supports the lower carbon V should nearly come into contact with
the electro-magnet D S H, whereby when the current passes and the armatures
are attracted, the separation of the lower carbon V from the upper carbon is
reduced to a a minimum.
Fifth. The adjustable contact rollers P P¹ by means of which the length of the
incandescent portion of the upper carbon may be regulated.
Sixth. An electro-magnet the poles of which are arranged in pairs and
magnetically insulated from their supporting plate by a thin brass plate and brass
Bcrews.
Seventh. In an electric lamp the employment of a single electro-magnet one
pole of which is in a branch circuit and the other in the main circuit.
Eighth. The employment of a lever or a budge provided with an armature at
each end which armatures are capable of being raised or lowered by screws so that
by moving the said armatures in one or the other direction the force with which
the same are attracted may be varied whereby independently of the power of the
electro magnets, or the armatures of the same which determines the movement of
the said bridge, the action of the said bridge may be regulated as required.
Ninth. The employment of the adjustable contact rollers P P¹ of retort coal or
metal for producing a continuous and constant resistance of the carbon points
between the ingress and egress points of the current, and also for determining the
length of carbon which shall become incandescent proportionately to the current.
and to the color of light desired.
Tenth. The employment of a lower and positive carbon having a sectional area
several times larger than that of the upper and negative carbon, in order to
develop in combination with the voltaic arc, an inc indescent light.
Dated this Twelfth day of March 1884.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.