IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Mason, of Rochdale, in the County of Lan-
caster, Machinist, and Leonard Kaberry, of Rochdale aforesaid, Manager,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING."
Sealed the 30th June 1854, and dated the 5th January 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Mason and Leonard
Kaberry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 5th January 1854.
We, JOHN MASON, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
and LEONARD KABERRY, of Rochdale, aforesaid, Manager, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING " to
be as follows:-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to condenser carding engines, and consists
in a method of unwinding narrow laps used for feeding the machine. A
required number, without a central shaft, are placed side by side, resting upon
a surface roller or rollers, the revolution of which causes the necessary
unwinding.
Secondly, our Invention relates to improvements upon that portion of a
Patent granted to John Mason and George Collier, which consists in the
employment of a fixed tube or collar for supporting the spindles of slubbing
and roving frames. One point of novelty in our present improvements consists
in forming a bush or projecting part between the ends of the bobbin, which, by
bearing against the spindle, affords the bobbin the required steadiness.

page_text: Another method of effecting the same object consists in placing a loose ring
upon the bobbin wheel, and situate within the bobbin, so as to prevent it from
turning upon the fixed tube or collar. Another method of gaining steadiness
for the bobbin consists in forming a bush at the bottom thereof of suitable
diameter for running upon the tube or collar, or in allowing the surface of the
bobbin to run thereon without bushing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed by
the said John Mason and Leonard Kaberry in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
MASON, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and LEONARD
KABERRY, of Rochdale, aforesaid, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Mason and Leonard Kaberry, Her especial licence that we, the
said John Mason and Leonard Kaberry, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Mason and Leonard Kaberry,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Mason and Leonard
Kaberry, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Mason, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawing (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to condenser carding engines, and consists in

page_text: a method of unwinding narrow laps used for feeding the machine. A required
number, without central shafts, are placed side by side, resting upon a surface
roller or rollers, the revolution of which causes the necessary unwinding.
Secondly, our Invention relates to improvements upon that portion of a
Patent granted to John Mason and George Collier, which consists in the
employment of a fixed tube or collar for supporting the spindles of slubbing
and roving frames. One point of novelty in our present Invention consists in
forming a bush or projecting part between the ends of the bobbin, which, by
bearing against the spindle, affords the bobbin the required steadiness.
Another method of effecting the same object consists in placing a loose ring
upon the bobbin wheel, and situate within the bobbin, so as to prevent it from
turning upon the fixed tube or collar.
Another method of gaining steadiness for the bobbin consists in forming a
bush at the bottom thereof of suitable diameter for running upon the tube or
collar, or in allowing the surface of the bobbin to run thereon without bushing.
And in order that our several improvements may be fully understood, we
have appended to this our Specification a Sheet of illustrative Drawings,
shewing how the same may be carried into practical effect.
Our first improvement is shewn in two views at Figs. 1 and 2, in which a is
a frame work formed of any required width, according to the quantity of ends
of material intended to be unwound. Within this frame work are mounted sets
of surface rollers b, c, d, e, provided with pinions upon their axes, which are
driven by a corresponding number of bevils f, g, h, i, affixed to a shaft j.
actuated by any suitable connexion with the motive power. Upon the surfaces
of the rollers b, c, d, e, are placed side by side the narrow laps k, l, m, n. These
laps, are wound upon short tubes or bobbins by any of the usual mechanism,
and are then stripped from their axes, and placed in the situations shewn resting
upon the rollers b, c, d, e, without any central shaft. The ends unlapped by the
revolution of the surface rollers are conducted through suitable guides to the
condenser carding engine as usual. In order to prevent the laps k, l, m, n,
from rubbing against each other as they are unwound, we place a series of
rods o, p, &c. between them, attached at top and bottom to the framework a.
We have shewn a particular arrangement of laps and unwinding, surface
rollers, but we do not confine ourselves thereto, as other dispositions of narrow
laps without central shafts may be adopted; as, for instance, that illustrated by
the diagram, Fig. 3, in which two series p, q, are placed, the one behind the
other, supported by three surface rollers r, r, r, which are to be driven as
before, and in the directions indicated by the arrows. As many of the double
sets as are necessary may be placed above each other.
According to both the

page_text: arrangements described, the short bobbins or tubes when the material is drawn
therefrom will rest upon the surface rollers, they being placed sufficiently near
ogether to prevent them falling through.
b
Our second improvement is shewn in section at Fig. 4, in which a is the
fixed tube or collar through which the spindle 6 passes, and c, the pinion for
driving the bobbin after the usual manner. Between the upper and lower ends
of the bobbin d, we form a projecting part e, so as to bear upon the spindle,
either by suitably boring the bobbin or by the adaptation of a bush.
Our third improvement is shewn at Fig. 5. At the lower part of the bobbin
we form a recess for the reception of a loose ring of metal f, resting upon the
pinion, and bearing by its inward periphery against the surface of the tube or
collar, whereby the bobbin is kept in its central position.
Our fourth improvement is shewn at Fig. 6. In this instance, the bottom of
the bobbin is formed with a projecting part f, bearing against the tube or
collar a; or instead of this method of construction we form the said projecting
part by the adaptation of a bush.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that
we claim as secured to us under the above in part recited Letters Patent,--
Firstly, as applied to narrow laps used for feeding condenser carding engines,
the application of such narrow laps without central shafts to the action of
unwinding surfaces..
Secondly, in reference to that description of slubbing and roving apparatus
above mentioned, the application of a projecting part situate within the bobbin
between its upper and lower ends and bearing upon the spindle.
Thirdly, in reference to the like apparatus, the adaption of a loose ring
or collar at the bottom of the bobbin and bearing against the fixed tube or
collar.
Fourthly, in reference to the like apparatus, the adaption of a projecting
part at the bottom of the bobbin bearing against the fixed tube or collar.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Mason, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
JOHN MASON. (L.S.)