AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FRINGES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Foot, of Spital Square, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF FRINGES."
Sealed the 9th August 1858, and dated the 22nd May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Foot at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd May 1858.
I, JOSEPH FOOT, of Spital Square, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANU-.
FACTURE OF FRINGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
fringes. When weaving two pieces of fringe as heretofore, with two warps at
a distance from each other, according to the depth of fringe to be produced, it
has been usual to throw the shuttle or instrument carrying the weft at each
movement through a shed opened in each of the warps. Now, my improve-
ment consists in causing the weft threads to be carried across and to be incor-
porated in both of the warps only at the alternate motions, and not at each
motion of the shuttle or instrument carrying the weft threads, the weft threads
being caused to be securely tied into the heads by being passed to and fro

page_text: through sheds opened in the one warp, then across to the other warp, and
there tied into that warp by passing to and fro through sheds opened into
that warp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Foot in the Great Seal Patent Office on tho
22nd November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPHI
FOOT, of Spital Square, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Joseph Foot, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Foot,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Joseph Foot, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time.
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF FRINGES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Joseph Foot, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Foot, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention bas for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
fringes. When weaving two pieces of fringe as heretofore, with two warps at
a distance from each other, according to the depth of fringe to be produced, it
has been usual to throw the shuttle or instrument carrying the weft at cach
movement through a shed opened in each of the warps. Now, my improve-

page_text: ment consists in causing the weft threads to be carried across and be incor-
porated in both of the warps only at the alternate motions, and not at each
motion of the shuttle or instrument carrying the weft threads, the weft threads
being caused to be securely tied into the heads by being passed to and fro
through sheds opened in the one warp, then across to the other warp, and
there tied into that warp by passing to and fro through sheds opened into
that warp.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the manner in which
I prefer to conduct the manufacture.
In a loom such as is ordinarily employed, are arranged two sets of warps at
a distance apart equal to double the depth of the fringe which it is desired to
make; the number of warps in each set depends on the depth of head to be
made to the fringe; for a fringe with an ordinary narrow head sixteen warps in
each set is a very suitable number; these warps are actuated by harness to
open sheds for the weft, as is well understood; the number of threads wound
on the shuttle depends on the thickness of the fringe to be manufactured, and
the weaver passes the shuttle to and fro through the warp in the ordinary
manner, only in place of passing it through both warps at each throw, as
heretofore, it is first passed through both sets, then through the set adjacent
to it only, afterwards again through both sets, then through the adjacent set,
and so on; between each shoot of the weft a new shed is opened in the warp,
and I prefer that the warps on the selvage side (say, the first six of either set)
should change their positions between each passage of the shuttle through
them, as in ordinary plain weaving, whilst as far as the remainder of the warp
of the set is concerned, the shuttle, when passing entirely across the loom,
makes two traverses between the warps without any change being made in
their position, but these warps change their position like the rest of the set
between each short pick. When the weaving of the piece is completed, the
two fringes are cut apart.
The above description will be readily understood with the assistance of the
annexed Diagrams.
Sometimes in place of weaving two fringes together, as above described,
I weave but a single fringe, and then I substitute for one of the sets of warp
a fixed wire placed at a distance from the remaining set of warp equal to the
depth of fringe to be manufactured, and the weaving is then carried on in the
same manner as before, except that in place of weaving the weft in with the
set of warps for which the wire has been substituted, the weft is simply passed

page_text: over the wire from the upper to the under side; after weaving, the loops of
the fringe are cut, if so required.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Foot, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
B. GOBEY,
24, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane.
JOSEPH FOOT. (L.S.)