AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING TUBES IN TUBE SHEETS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Rigge Lloyd and Samuel Lloyd, of Bir-
mingham, in the County of Warwick, Tube Manufacturers, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING TUBES IN TUBE SHEETS."
-A communication from abroad by John Hervey Knickerbocker, of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States of America
Sealed the 21st February 1865, and dated the 5th September 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Rigge Lloyd and
Samuel Lloyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 5th September 1864.
We, EDWARD RIGGE LLOYD and SAMUEL LLOYD, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Tube Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING TUBES IN TUBE Sheets,"
to be as follows, that is to say:
This Invention consists in the employment of a ferrule having a concave
outer surface or periphery of slightly taper form, and of such diameter that it
may be driven into the end of the tube and expand it in such manner that
the end of the tube will close around the hole in the tube sheet to receive the
tube, and thus form a tight and permanent connection of the tube to the tube
sheet, admitting of the tube being of equal diameter throughout.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Rigge Lloyd and Samuel Lloyd in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 3rd March 1865..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
RIGGE LLOYD and SAMUEL LLOYD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Tube Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Edward Rigge Lloyd and Samuel Lloyd, Her special licence that
we, the said Edward Rigge Lloyd and Samuel Lloyd, our executors, adminis-
trators; and assigns, or such others as we, the said Edward Rigge Lloyd and
Samuel Lloyd, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time,
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully inight make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING
TUBES IN TUBE SHEETS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Edward Rigge Lloyd and; Samuel Lloyd, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Rigge Lloyd and Samuel
Lloyd, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed,, to be particularly described and (ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say)-
This Invention consists in the employment of a ferrule. having a concave
outer surface or periphery of slightly taper form, and of such diameter that
it may be driven into the end of the tube and expand it in such manner that
the end of the tube will close around the hole in the tube sheet to receive the.
tube, and thus form a tight and permanent connexion of the tube to the tube
sheet, admitting of the tube being of equal diameter throughout.

page_text: Figure 1.is a longitudinal central section of a portion of a boiler flue,
having one end secured in the tube sheet or plate according to the Invention..
x, a, Figure 2, indicate the plane of section. Figure 2 is an end view of thic
same; Figure 3, a longitudinal central section of a flue and ferrule, the latter:
not being driven in the former; Figure 4, the same view as Figure 3, with the.
ferrule driven in the flue. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts of the several- Figures.
(A) represents a portion of a tube sheet or plate of a steam boiler, and (a)
is the circular hole in the sheet, which receives the end of the flue B. The
edge of the hole (a) is made convex, as shown in Figures (1, 3, and 4), and
it is, rather larger in diameter than the flue (B) to admit of the latter being
expanded with it. (C) is the ferrule, the exterior of which is slightly taper
from its outer edge to the point (a¹), and is grooved circumferentially, as
shown at (6) between the said parts, so as to form a concave surface. The
inner part (c) of the ferrule is bevilled or tapered, quickly from the edge of
the groove (b) to the end of the ferrule. The external diameter of the ferrule
at the inner edge of the groove (b) at the point (a¹) is equal in diameter to
the interior of the flue (B), as shewn clearly in Figure 3.
T
The operation of securing the flue in the tube sheet or plate is as follows:-
The end of the flue (B) is inserted in the hole (a) in the tube sheet or plate,
and so adjusted as to extend a trifle beyond it. The ferrule (C) is then
inserted in the end of the flue (B), a mandril (D) placed against its outer
edge, as shown in red in Figure 3, and the ferrule driven in the flue, so that
the ends of the flue and ferrule will be flush with each other, as shown in
Figure 4. The ferrule (C) in being driven into the flue slightly expands its
end, and a taper mandril (E) is then inserted in the ferrule and driven
through it, so as to expand the ferrule and also the end of the flue until the
exterior of the latter is closed tightly all around the edge of the hole (a) in
the tube sheet or plate (A) and at both sides of it, as shown in Figure 1.
This expanding of the ferrule also causes its interior to be equal in diameter
to the interior of the flue (B), as shown at Figure 1, and consequently a flue
of equal diameter internally is obtained throughout, and also a smooth
unbroken surface with a tight and permanent connection of the flue and tube
sheet or plate is obtained.
Taper ferrules have been used with plane exterior surfaces for expanding
the flues and securing them in the tube sheets or plates, but they have served
to contract the orifices of the flues, and are therefore objectionable on that

page_text: account; we do not claim, therefore, broadly or irrespective of construction a
ferrule for securing the flues of boilers in tube sheets or plates; but that
which we claim is, securing the flues (B) of boilers in the tube sheets or
platės (A) by means of the ferrule (C) grooved' at their exterior, tapered and
driven in the ends of the flues, so as to cause the ends of the same to close
around both edges of the holes (a) in the tube sheets or plates, and admit of
the flue being of equal diameter throughout, as herein more fully set forth and
specified.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Rigge Lloyd and Samuel
Lloyd, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First day of
March; in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
1: sixty-five.
EDWARD RIGGE LLOYD. (L.S.)
SAMUEL LLOYD.
(L.S.)
EDWARD RIGGE LLOYD. (L.B.)
SAMUEL LLOYD.
(L.S.)