matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING SCALES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Chauncey Colton Parker and Simon Bailey Parker, of
Brooklyn, in the County of Kings, State of New York, United States of
North America, for an Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING SCALES."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Chauncey Colton Parker and
Simon Bailey Parker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
22nd September 1880.
CHAUNCEY COLTON PARKER and SIMON BAILEY PARKER, of the City of
Brooklyn, in the County of Kings, and State of New York, of the United States
of North America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING SCALES."
This Invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in spring
scales or balances, whereby a more durable article is obtained, more compact and
less expensive in its construction, as well as possessing means whereby the weight
of an object is determined after being removed from the scales, as will be hereinafter
described and subsequently pointed out in the claims.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a front elevation of the scales, with the pivoted bail
in a closed position, and Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same with the cylindrical casing
in section and the bail open for use.
In the accompanying Drawings A represents the cylindrical casing for containing
the spiral spring a and bar b, the latter having graduations upon its face. The
casing A is composed of a continuous coil of wire, the coils of which are compressed
together and secured by solder. This forms not only a very neat appearance for
the casing, but admits of it being manufactured at a greatly reduced cost over the
casings constructed of slicet metal. A very important advantage in the coiled-wire
casing is the strength it possesses, it being almost impossible to dent or otherwise
injure it by careless handling. Of course it will be understood that the casing may
be made of sheet metal as usual, as I do not desire to limit myself to the use of a
coiled-wire casing, as set forth, in combination with the other improvements on the
scales, which may be employed in conjunction with any suitable casing. To the
ends of the spiral or coiled wire casing A are secured, by solder or other means,
caps c, d, the lower cap d having secured to it a hook e, to which the object to be
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL CONDUCTING WIRES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur William Lovell Reddie at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February 1880.
ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lanc,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL
CONDUCTING WIRES." [A communication from abroad by Henri Menier, of Paris,
in the Republic of France.]
It has been remarked that the employment of a metallic coating in contact with
the surface of the insulating covering of an electric wire modifies in certain proportions
the electrical properties of the said wire.
Now the object of the present Invention is to render available, as far as possible,
this modified condition of the wire, and to this end the metallic coating is applied
under the following conditions:-The metal to be used as a coating material is
hammered into sheets of the greatest fineness possible (nearly resembling the
leaves which are employed for gilding or silvering pills), or else reduced to
powder.
The metallic leaf or powder is caused to adhere to the surface of the insulator by
means of any suitable material, such as tar, of which only a trace should be left on
the surface of the insulator.
In some cases it may be found sufficient to secure the adhesion of the metal by
simply heating the insulator.
The advantage of this process is that a continuous coating is obtained with the
use of a small proportion of metal, and that in close contact with the di-electric
or insulator, which coating is at once flexible, and a good conductor of electricity.
By this process it is possible to use the less oxidizable metals which have
hitherto been by reason of their high price beyond the reach of electrical wire
manufacturers.
To suit the various conditions under which the coated wire may be used, it will
be possible to employ either gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, or other
metal, and even in certain circumstances carbon in the form of plumbago or
pulverised coke.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BEATING CARPETS AND SIMILAR MATERIALS."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William John Alldred at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th June 1880.
WILLIAM JOHN ALLDRED, of No. 24, Duke Street, Grosvenor Sqr., in the Parish
of St. George's, Hanover Square, County of Middlesex, Builder & Decorator.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BEATING CARPETS AND SIMILAR
MATERIALS."
16
Upon a horizontal beam, fastned to a framework of convenient construction, are
arranged the beaters hinged upon the said beam at convenient distances apart. The
beaters may be of wood, metal, or other suitable material.
From the hinged end of each beater is attached a short rod or lath as a lever.
At a short distance from the said horizontal beater beam & parallel to it is placed
a drum thro' the centre of which passes an iron rod, cach end working in a bearing
& continued long enough beyond the bearings to allow of crank handles or wheels,
for the purpose of giving a rotary motion to the said drum.
Upon the drum are fastned projecting arms with friction rollers at the ends.
Upon the drum revolving the projecting arms strike the lovers of the beaters,
causing them to rise up, & a spring attached to the beaters forces them down
again upon the carpet.
Or by reversing this arrangement the spring may lift up the beater & the arm
of drum force it down again.
The carpet is laid upon a bed composed of straps or strips of leather, metal,
wood, hemp, or other suitable material fastned at each end upon beams, & kopt
in a state of tension by weights fastned by chains or ropes to the beams &
passing over wheels, or by springs or wedges.
The straps are arranged so that when the beater is down it is parallel to the
strap & the blow delivered between two straps. The bed may be placed upright,
flat, or at any angle, & may be fixed or moveable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPRESSED AIR LOCOMOTIVES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Bruchet at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th November 1880.
HENRI BRUCHET, of Craon, in the Department of La Mayenne, in France,
Mechanician. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPRESSED AIR LOCOMOTIVES."
This Invention refers to a vehicle for travelling either on road or rail, the motive
power being compressed air, the air being automatically admitted for replacing
that exhausted in working the machine; this renewal of air for replacing the
compressed air expended forms the principal feature of novelty in the Invention.
Air is admitted directly into the body of the pump, which latter is automatically
worked in an inclined plane by a simple crank in conjunction with cog wheels
actuated by a lever placed near the hand of the driver, and which also serves as
brake in descending steep inclines.
This machine consists of a hollow carriage, in the interior and rear part of which
are a number of superposed air cylinders or reservoirs. The motive power originates
in two cylinders and pistons with rods communicating with two flys on whose axis
a governing wheel is mounted; this wheel gears with a friction governing wheel,
which latter communicates motion to two chain pinions over which endless chains
are passed; these latter again run over chain wheels fixed to the carriage wheels
and so actuate them.
Cog wheels mounted on the axis of the friction governing wheel actuate gear
work for the backward movement, and similar wheels communicate motion to
gear work receiving the front movement.
Air is distributed to the cylinders and pistons for driving the machine by means
of an eccentric shaft. A double air pump worked by an eccentric automatically
renews air by an air entry by the simple use of a crank and lever starting
or stopping the pump, this lever is conveniently placed near the hand of the
driver.
The machine being started or backed by another lever.
When the compressed air with which the machine has been charged has become
exhausted by reason of the length of the journey, fresh air. can be supplied by its
admission through the air entry referred to, which admits it into the body of the
pump, which, as before stated, forms the principal feature of the Invention.
MENTS IN RIVETTING, PUNCHING, AND SHEARING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Horlock at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1880.
JOHN HORLOCK, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineer.
MENTS IN RIVETTING, PUNCHING, AND SHEARING MACHINES."
"IMPROVE-
The said Invention relates more especially to rivetting machines, in which the
operating tool is actuated directly by fluid pressure. Hitherto, no efficient means
has been provided for holding the plates or pieces being rivetted close to each
other, and the said plates or pieces were not unfrequently rivetted together whilst
a slight distance apart; whence it commonly happened that the rivets during the
process of rivetting bulged out and formed washers between the plates or pieces.
Besides loss of strength due to the non contact of the plates or pieces, there was the
serious disadvantage in boiler making that large spaces had to be caulked before
the seams could be made tight.
The principal object of the said Invention is to provide a fluid rivetting
machine, in which the plates shall be held in contact with each other whilst being
rivetted.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I proceed as follows:-
First. I construct a fluid pressure rivetting machine with two rams working in
the same cylinder, one ram giving motion to a rivetting tool, and the other
actuating a holding up or pressing block or die. The construction of the machine,
and the arrangement of the valves and actuating gear, is such that any suitable
liquid or gas under pressure is employed to act directly on and give motion to the
rams. The plates or pieces to be, and whilst being, rivetted are held between
the back or resisting block or die and the holding up or pressing block or die.
Second. I construct fluid rivetting machines with two rams working in separate
cylinders, one ram actuating the rivetting tool, and the other the holding up or
pressing block or die, directly by fluid pressure. Two sets of valve gear are
employed, one for each cylinder. In a rivetting machine constructed under this
head the holding up or pressing block or die may be, and preferably is, moved into
holding position before the rivetting tool commences its motion.
Third. In rivetting machines constructed under the above first and second heads,
I make the rivetting dies and the back or resisting and holding up or pressing
blocks detachable, so that punching or shearing tools may, when desired, be put
in their places for the purpose of punching or shearing metals.
APPARATUS FOR WORKING VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Samuel Cooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1880.
JAMES SAMUEL COOKE, of Gomersal, in the County of York.
APPARATUS FOR WORKING VELOCIPEDES."
"
* IMPROVED
This Invention is designed to readily obtain auxiliary power to aid the power
transmitted by the pedals of velocipedes. It consists in an arrangement of manu-
motive apparatus which can be permanently or temporarily fitted in position. In
carrying it out I construct a truly bored metallic sheath, suitably pivoted to allow
of a rocking motion. The interior of the sheath has a suitable groove terminating
in a cam shape. Within this sheath telescopes a rod or plunger fitted with a
suitable projection or feather to traverse the groove in the sheath and furnished
with a handle or handles at top. The cam groove allows of the handle when
pulled out for use being turned and locked. Attached to the lower end of the
sheath is a link or connecting rod jointed to the crank actuating the driving wheels.
On pulling out the handle and locking same the lever can be worked, whereby a
rocking motion is communicated to the sheath, and from thence, by means of the
connecting rod, rotary motion is transmitted to the wheels.
In some cases I might dispense with the sheath and use an actuating rod, which
could be detached from the rocking shaft carrying the connecting rod, and be
A socket in the
placed in a slung sheath or quiver when not required for use.
rocking shaft and a corresponding end to the actuating rod would serve a means
of connecting the same; also other devices could be used.
I prefer to place the apparatus on the opposite side of the machine to the steering
handle.
The brake lever can be on the same side as the handle of the manual apparatus.
The apparatus can be arranged to be temporarily fitted to velocipedes, and
besides being useful as an auxiliary power to the ordinary, will be useful to the
invalid or one legged rider.
CONSTRUCTION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUM AND LEAVES THEREFOR."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Ettlinger at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1880.
JOSEPH ETTLINGER, of Lawrence Lane, in the City of London.
CONSTRUCTION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUM AND LEAVES THEREFOR."
"AN IMPROVED
The object of this Invention is to construct photographic albums with inter-
changeable leaves which I propose to effect substantially as hereafter described.
In ordinary photographic albums the leaves are fixed by means of leather or other
material to narrow pieces bound to the back of the album, thus forming a flexible
hinge for the leaves. Now according to my Invention I fix to to the aforesaid narrow
pieces small tubes cut open and on to the back of each of the leaves, a long pin
extending the whole length of the said leaves; this pin I fix with a piece of leather
or other suitable material so as to form a flexible hinge for the leaves. In order to
put a leaf in an album constructed as above it is simply necessary to slide the
aforesaid pin having the flexible material over it into the aforesaid small tube. A
small knob may be screwed on to one end of the pin in order to keep the leaf from
slipping off, or the end or ends of the pins may be otherwise secured. Instead of
the aforesaid tubes I may employ small clips. By manufacturing photographic
albums as above they are equal in every respect to those made at present, but any
leaf can be taken out and replaced by another. Supposing, for instance, a leaf is
made to contain cabinet size photographs, this may easily be changed for one made
to hold "carte de visite " or other desired sizes of photographs, or old leaves may
be changed for new ones.
AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF HEATING THE WATER OF HOT-WATER APPARATUS BY STEAM
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1880. A
communication from Wilhelm Fischer and Theodor Stiehl, constituting the
Firm Fischer and Stiehl, of Essen, in the German Empire.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. "AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF HEATING THE WATER
OF HOT-WATER APPARATUS BY STEAM." A communication from Wilhelm Fischer
and Theodor Stiehl, constituting the Firm Fischer and Stiebl, of Essen, in the
German Empire.
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to the heating
of the water of "hot-water apparatus" by steam.
With this improved system of hot-water heating-apparatus, steam injectors, one
or more, are interposed in the conduit of pipes, and steam direct from a steam
generator is for the purpose of heating introduced into the water of the apparatus
thereby. The injectors may specially be constructed for this purpose to secure, by
proper dimensions of the acting parts, noiseless entrance of the steam into the
water of the pipes. The heating apparatus itself may otherwise remain of
common and known construction, operating with water remaining below the
boiling point, and be furnished with open tanks for expansion. The tank or tanks
for expansion are fitted with overflow tubes, through which the condensation
water can return to the feeding basin of the apparatus.
CONSTRUCTION OF MINERS' SAFETY LAMPS." fr IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Taylor at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1880.
JOHN TAYLOR, of Tyldesley, in the County of Lancaster.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF MINERS' SAFETY LAMPS."
fr IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates principally to improvements upon tho well known "Davy's
safety lamp," but part of the said improvements are also applicable to what are
known as "Clanny's safety lamp."
In applying my Invention to the Davy lamp I fit the lamp with a screw cap
round the burner, the centre part of this cap being provided with a short tube,
which fits round the outside of the wick holder. The lamp is thus adapted to
burn petroleum, kerosene, crystal oil, or other similar oil, but it may also be used
with sperm or other fatty oils if preferred. The lower part of the cap is made
with a flange, on which are formed inclined teeth like a ratchet wheel, and the
inner part of the body of the lamp is provided with one or more springs, which as
the lamp is screwed on engage or lock with these teeth, and the consequence is
that the lamp cannot be unscrewed without unscrewing the cap also, and the short
tube in the centre being thus caused to rise above the wick puts out the lamp, so
that it is impossible to unscrew the lamp without putting out the light. This
screwed cap also prevents the oil from being splashed onto the gauze, which is a
frequent cause of "firing" or explosion.
This part of the Invention is also equally applicable to the "Clanny" and other
similar forms of lamp..
Resting on the top of the screwed cap and just fitting inside the bottoin gauze
(in the Davy lamp) I have a short glass chimney, and there are no openings below
this, so that no air is admitted at or near the bottom of the lamp. The air
entering only through the double gauze just above the top of the glass chimuey
passes in a downward current just inside the latter to the bottom, where it
impinges on the flame and then forms an upward current in the centre, and passes
out through the top of the upper gauze. The result of this arrangement is that if
there should be a strong current of gas the air current becomes disturbed and
finally choked, and the lamp instead of exploding goes out.
AN IMPROVED CATTLE CRIB
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Warner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1880.
THOMAS WARNER, of Botley, Oxford, in the County of Berks. "AN IMPROVED
CATTLE CRIB."
This Invention relates to a novel and simple construction of cattle crib whereby
great strength and durability are obtained, and the cribs rendered more convenient
for use.
In carrying out my Invention I form the crib of corrugated galvanized iron,
forming the same into a ring or cylinder, and at the top and also at the bottom
edge of the said cylinder I rivet an angle iron ring.
I form the stand of the crib with legs made of angle iron, iron stays being
employed to connect and support the legs, and to keep the crib at the required
height from the ground.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Warner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
August 1880.
THOMAS WARNER, of Botley, Oxford, in the County of Berks. "AN IMPROVED
CATTLE CRIB."
This Invention relates to a novel and simple construction of cattle crib whereby
great strength and durability are obtained, and the cribs rendered more convenient
for use.
In carrying out my Invention I form the crib of corrugated galvanized iron,
forming the same into a ring or cylinder, and at the top and also at the bottom
edge of the said cylinder I rivet an angle iron ring which carries and supports
the bottom of the crib, the bottom being made of flat galvanized iron supported by
cross bars of angle iron.
I form the stand of the crib with legs made of angle iron, iron stays being
employed to connect and support the legs, and to keep the crib at the required
height from the ground.
The accompanying Drawing shews a perspective view of a cattle crib constructed
according to my Invention.
a is the crib formed of corrugated galvanized iron, formed into a ring or cylinder,
as shewn; b and c are the angle iron rings rivetted to the top and bottom edges
respectively of the cylinder a. The bottom ring c carries and supports the bottom
of the crib by means of cross bars of angle iron; d, d, d, are the legs of the stand
formed of angle iron and rivetted to the cylinder a; e, e, are the upper stays con-
nected or rivetted to the legs and to the top ring b; and f, f, are the lower stays
rivetted to the legs d and to the bottom ring c. These stays support the legs, and
serve to keep the crib at the required height from the ground.
Having thus described my Invention, and the manner of performing the same,
what I claim is,—
The improved construction of cattle crib, as hereinbefore described and represented
in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Warner, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
MITAHAN WARNED
THOMAS WARNED
(2.5.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hodges Bishop and Alfred
Samuel Bishop at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd
November 1880.
ROBERT HODGES BISHOP, of Holloway Road, Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, and ALFRED SAMUEL BISHOP, of Gibson Square, Islington, aforesaid.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS."
The object of this Invention is to provide a secure window fastening for sliding
sash windows, whereby the securing of the window can be effected, notwithstanding
any slight dropping of the upper sash, owing to the stretching of the sash line or
from other causes.
In carrying out our Invention we fix to the bottom rail of the upper sash a
plate which is provided with a pair of lugs placed transversely of the plate. To
these lugs is pivotted a slotted lever, which is capable of being maintained in a
vertical position by means of a spring coiled round the pivot, and bearing one end
against the plate, and the other against the underside of the lever. Upon the top
rail of the bottom sash is fixed a small box to receive a spring bolt, to the inner end
of which is secured a segment piece with two or more catches thereon. This
segment piece projects upwards through the top of the box, which is slotted to
permit of the same, and is so arranged that it will enter the slot in the lever when
this latter is drawn down towards a horizontal position for the purpose of securing
the window.
The spring on the bolt will permit the segment piece to yield as the lever is
drawn down, until the lever has passed one or more of the catches, and it will then
draw the bolt back so that a catch will securely hold the lever down until it is
released by pressing back the catch piece by means of a knob or thumb piece on
the outer end of the bolt.
The spring for the bolt may be a coiled spring placed round the bolt or behind
the segment piece, or a block of india rubber behind the segment piece may be
used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE METHODS OF PRODUCING CHAINS FOR USE IN LOOMS, AND FOR OTHER USES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding and Edward
Kenworthy Dutton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
8th September 1880.
JOSEPH HOLDING and EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON, both of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE METHODS OF
PRODUCING CHAINS FOR USE IN LOOMS, AND FOR OTHER USES."
Our Invention, in its application to loom appliances, relates principally to the
picking bands, and has for its object to produce a cheaper or more durable substitute
for such bands, but chains constructed in accordance with our Invention are also
applicable for use as traction chains, for horse harness, for transmitting motion in
machinery, and for many other purposes. For the indicated purposes we employ a
chain which possesses an amount of elasticity, and can be readily manufactured.
We form links by coiling wire upon a core or mandril and cutting up the coil into
short lengths, each having more than one complete, or having two, three, or more
turns or coils, or we form the links by coiling lengths of wire into the required
form. These links may be round or oval or other suitable shapes. We connect
these links together to form a chain by threading in the same manner as when
putting keys on to split rings, or we employ the said links to connect together
links otherwise formed, as, for example, links formed by punching out of sheet
or plate metal. We are enabled to use steel wire whereby we obtain strength and
elasticity combined, but we may use iron or other metal wire. When steel wire is
used the links or the chains may or may not be hardened and tempered. In some
cases we employ steel wire which has been hardened and tempered. In some cases
we use a close coil, and in other cases an open coil, the latter formation imparting
greater elasticity to the chain. Where great elasticity is required we may use the
open coil links in combination with punched links formed with inclines which act
to compress the coils when subjected to a strain. Chains of the indicated con-
struction can be quickly shortened or lengthened, and a broken or defective link
can be readily removed and be replaced with a new link. We use wire of
round, square, or other sections, or flattened wire or metal riband, or metal rods or
bars. The said chains may be linked together in the formation of metallic
mattresses.
AN IMPROVED TELL-TALE OR APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE TIME OF ENTRANCE AND DEPARTURE OF WORKMEN AND OTHERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arnold Hilfiker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1880.
ARNOLD HILFIKER, of Sun Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex. "AN
IMPROVED TELL-TALE OR APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE TIME OF ENTRANCE
AND DEPARTURE OF WORKMEN AND OTHERS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of tell-tales or
apparatus whereby the time of entrance and departure of workmen and others is
registered on a dial suitably divided into hours and minutes.
In carrying out my Invention I employ a plate provided with a number of
conical holes, and marked with different numbers or letters, as required. Thus
there is a separate hole for each workman or other person, each of whom is
provided with a check or marker, which has at each end a mark corresponding
with the mark on the hole appropriated to him in the apparatus.
To register his entrance and departure he has merely to press his check or
marker into the said hole appropriated to him, and thus mark the paper on or in
front of the dial, which is placed behind the plate.
Or the check or marker may be fixed in the apparatus, in which case the
workman would simply have to press it against the hole appropriated to him in
the dial. Each hole is provided with a spring, which on being pressed after
making the mark springs back to its original position.
Behind the holes and in front of the dial is placed the said paper or other
suitable material, and on the check or marker being pressed it communicates the
mark to the paper corresponding to the time on the dial, which is operated by a
clock in any of the following ways:-
By a roller or spring pushing the dial on one or more wheels fixed on a spindle,
which is moved by clockwork, the dial being moved by friction or by teeth on the
wheel.
Or the dial may be fixed on an arm or bracket, which is fixed to the spindle of
the clock, and by the action of the clock this arm turns the dial round a fixed
cylinder.
In some cases the dial may be radially divided, similarly to a clock-dial, and can
be moved on a pivot in the same way as the hands of a clock.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING DUST AND STIVE IN FLOUR AND OTHER MILLS OR PLACES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Thomas Smith and William
Henry Dickey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th
September 1880.
GEORGE THOMAS SMITH and WILLIAM HENRY DICKEY, both of Jackson City,
Michigan, United States of America, at prosent residing in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING DUST AND STIVE
IN FLOUR AND OTHER MILLS OR PLACES."
This Invention has for its object the collection of dust and stive from middlings
purifiers, mill stones, grain cleaning machinery, or other machines wherein the
material treated gives off dust, which is discharged from the machine by means of
blast or suction fans, and the separation of the air and dust from this class of
machines in such manner that the air freed from impurities may be retained in
the mill or other building, while the dust is deposited in any convenient receptacle
either in or away from the mill or building.
According to our Invention the air and dust is forced into a chamber covered
with wire cloth or other suitable fabric, which acts as a filter to separate the dust
from the air in its passage through the wire cloth or porous fabric, and as the dust
collects on its surface it is removed therefrom and discharged from the apparatus by
means of blast or suction fans, or other like contrivance.
In carrying our Invention into practice the apparatus may consist in part of a
drum or cylinder forming a chamber of any requisite size, the covering of which is
composed for the most part of wire cloth or other suitable material for retaining
the dust or stive blown into the cylinder on the inside, while allowing the air to
escape freely.
This air and dust chamber is constructed as follows:-At each end (determing
the diameter of the drum) there are hoops or rims of cast metal or other suitable
material, which are provided with an angular recess on their inner upper edges,
into which recess a wooden fillet of the proper size is secured. The inner edge of
this wooden fillet is turned up to a true circle of whatever diameter it is desired
to give the drum, and affords the means of securing the wire cloth or other material
by tacking or fixing it to the wood.
On one side of these hoops or rims bearings may be formed, on which the drum
may be supported on the foundation where it is placed, and at suitable distances
on their outer edges are ears or projections, which, when the rims are in position
IMPROVE- MENTS IN OYSTER DREDGES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Augustus Capps at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th April 1880.
FREDERICK AUGUSTUS CAPPS, of Ealing, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OYSTER DREDGES."
The improvements consist in making that part called the scythe blade or scraper
in two or more pieces hinged on a rod, so that the scraper blade may be lifted in
part when passing over a rock or depressed in part between rocks and such like,
thereby scraping off and out the oysters more efficiently than by the present system
in use of a scraper made in one solid piece. The rod is of metal and fastened to
hauling ropes in the usual way; on said rod the improved scraper blades of metal
are secured by means of hinged fastenings with short rods, to which the blades are
fastened, in such manner that when drawn over the ground to be dredged, the
blades by their weight fall into and otherwise pass over the various sinuosities of
Baid ground.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIES AND SEWER GAS TRAPS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Morton Hale and Lawrence
Saunders at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August
1880.
JOHN MORTON HALE, of 1, King's Bench Walk, Temple, in the City of
London, Gentleman, and LAWRENCE SAUNDERS, of 12, Crane Court, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIES AND SEWER
GAS TRAPS."
The object of our Invention is so to construct gullies and sewer gas traps,
especially in streets, yards, stables, and other places of a like description, as to
With
prevent the gas, foul air, and odours in the sewer escaping therefrom.
this object we construct below the grating a box or receiver of any suitable
material, and of convenient size. The outlet therefrom to the sewer is placed
near the upper part thereof, so as to allow the mud or other solid matter which
is collected to deposit itself at the bottom of the receiver and only the water or
other liquid to reach the sewer. The bottom of the outlet is so shaped as to form
a transverse trough, which is filled by the water or other liquid as it rises in the
receiver and then overflows into the sewer. This trough can be made of any
suitable material. A division or dip of any suitable material is attached to the
top and the sides of the outlet and descends into the trough below the level of the
two sides thereof, and therefore below the level of the water or other liquid
contained therein, by which the sewer is perfectly sealed against the escape
therefrom of any gas, foul air, or odours, and a trap is formed which, while
allowing all the water or other liquid to enter the sewer, prevents any foul air.from
returning. We can place this outlet in the box or receiver wherever is most
convenient, having regard to the surroundings in every particular case, but it must
be at a high level in the receiver so as to allow the mud to settle, and if the trough
is at all underneath the grating we can place a splashing plate so as to prevent
any solid matter being deposited in the trough. We can also by our Invention
economically use any disinfectant that may be required as we place it in the small
trough, and in the same manner during dry weather we can easily fill this small
We can also use
trough with water or other liquid to maintain the seal intact.
this gully and sewer gas trap, not only in streets and yards, but in every other place,
for receiving surface or other water or liquid and communicating with the sewer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING UPON GLASS OR ANY OTHER VITRIFIABLE SURFACE IN SPECIALLY PREPARED VITRIFIABLE COLOURS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ADVERTISEMENTS AND ART DECORATION."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ralph Evan William Bowen and
John Edward Lewis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
29th June 1880.
RALPH EVAN WILLIAM BOWEN and JOHN EDWARD Lewis, both of the City and
County of Worcester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING UPON GLASS OR ANY OTHER
VITRIFIABLE SURFACE IN SPECIALLY PREPARED VITRIFIABLE COLOURS FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF ADVERTISEMENTS AND ART DECORATION."
These improvements are particularly applicable to advertising upon glass, and are
produced by the art of lithography, photo lithography, zincography, and where
raised effects are required upon any background stone engraving is used. The
designs are produced in neutrals, opaque colours, transparent colours, or gold, with
or without backgrounds. Background effects are obtained by the patterns of lace
and such like raised materials, being transferred to glass by either of the two
following means:-Firstly. The specimen or pattern is inked with lithographic
transfer ink, then pulled between lithographic transfer paper, then transfered to
stone, and afterwards printed in ceramic or vitrifiable colours for transfer to glass.
Or, Secondly. The ceramic or vitrifiable colour is spread upon a smooth surface,
then the specimen or pattern is put upon the colour, and transferred to glass by
pressing or gently rubbing. Variegated backgrounds in three or more colours are
printed at once in the following manner :-
The colours are placed equi-distant apart upon a roller, then gently rolled over a
alab, which causes them to blend and gives the gradation. To enable one colour to
be printed immediately over another whilst wet we use French chalk or talc gently
rubbed over the impression with any soft material. The preparation we use for the
transfer paper is composed of gum, starch, flour, flour size, and alum upon the finest
plate paper, the impressions being produced upon the same by means of a printer's
press in vitrifiable colours. When the transfer is finished it may be immediately
transfered to glass by means of india rubber rollers and of the following preparation,
having been previously applied to the glass-Albumen, essence-grasse, tar,
anise-seed, oil of lavender, glycerine, Canadian balsam or capivi, exposed to the
air and allowed to thicken or "grow fat." In the above named style of printing
the ordinary process is reversed.
When the glazes and colours upon the glass are properly made to agree,
whether underglaze or overglaze, and fired in the kiln for such a time as the
nature of the materials may require, the work is then complete and imperishable
in colour, and will stand any weather or climate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH SETTINGS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1880.
A communication by Robert Telschow, of Berlin, in the German Empire.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. von
Nawrocki, Patent Solicitors and Civil Engineers, of No. 124, Leipziger Strasse,
Berlin, in, the German Empire. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
ARTIFICIAL TEETH SETTINGS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." [A communication
by Robert Telschow, of Berlin, in the German Empire.]
This Invention relates to an improved manufacture of artificial teeth-settings,
whereby the ordinary setting moulded in caoutchouc, celluloid, or other suitable
material that when heated will assume the form of the gums and palate, is provided
on both sides with a very thin metal covering, such as gold, whereby the irritating
action on the palate and tongue now frequently experienced by the contact there-
with of the caoutchouc or other material is obviated.
For this purpose the metal plates are first prepared as follows:-A hollow vessel
or pan communicating by a pipe with a force pump is closed by an elastic diaphragm
secured by a metal ring and screws, over which is fixed a hollow cover containing
the mould of the palate or gums of which the metal plate is to assume the shape,
this plate being held stretched between the cover and the ring that secures the
diaphragm. The cover having been fixed on by a bridge piece and pinching screw
water or other suitable liquid is forced into the first named vessel, whereby the
elastic diaphragm is pressed against the metal plate, which is thereby forced against
the mould so as to assume the shape thereof. By preference the recesses of the
mould are in the first instance partially filled in with some easily removeable
substance, so that the metal plate in the first instance only partially assumes the
shape of the mould.
The plate is then removed and annealed, and the filling in of the mould having
been removed the plate is again subjected to the above described operation, which
may be repeated several times if necessary, the object being to prevent the tearing
of the plate, which may occur if it is at once forced to assume the complete shape
of the mould.
The metal coverings for the upper and under surfaces of the setting having been

page_text: thus prepared they are placed in the mould in which the setting of caoutchouc or
other plastic material is moulded in the usual manner, so that whon this setting is
removed the metal coverings adhere to its surface. In order to secure the platos
firmly to the setting they may have in the first instance solderod to their inner
surface either single wires or wire netting, which acts as a key in becoming imbedded 5
in the plastic material; or they may have their edges turned inwards and por-
forated so as to become imbedded.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING FRAMES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Alfred Dobson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1880.
BENJAMIN ALFRED DOBSON, of the Firm of Dobson and Barlow, of Bolton,
in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
FRAMES."
The first part of my Invention is principally applicable to the collar bearings of
spindles when both the collar bearing and footstep bearing are contained in one
bush or tube, which forms an oil chamber between the bearings. I make the bush
or tube with a taper recess at the upper end above the oil chamber to receive the
brass bearing, which is made of a corresponding taper and so large that it will not
rest at the bottom of the recess in the bush. This bearing has a spiral groove in it
extending almost to the top to carry the oil from the oil chamber. In the outside
of the brass bearing I make a groove or slot the whole length of the bearing to
convey any oil that may overflow back again into the oil chamber. Between the
upper end of the brass bearing and the bush I leave a space to collect the oil as it
overflows and keep it from running down outside the bush.
The second part of my Invention consists in the application of a spring to retain
the spindle in its place when doffing. I attach the spring to the bolster rail by
the set screw which holds the bush in its place and a lock nut, which spring is so
shaped as to extend above the wharve and prevent the spindle from being lifted
out of its place unless the spring be drawn back.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE SPEED OF PERSONS WHILE SWIMMING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Victor Duval de Stains at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July 1880.
VICTOR DUVAL DE STAINS, of 205, Pentonville Road, N., London. "A NEW OR
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE SPEED OF PERSONS WHILE SWIMMING."
Namely, in the construction of an apparatus composed of two principal parts; a
sandal and two flaps or fins joined together in the form of a thin flat hinge, and
connected with the sandal below by means of four flat props or bars, two of which,
fastened to one end of the pin or central part of the hinge, are firmly fixed to the
sandal, one on each side, and near to the forward or toe end of the same;
and the two remaining flat props or bars, fastened in the same manner to the other
end of the said pin or central part of the hinge, are firmly fixed to the sandal, one on
each side, and near to the backward or heel end of the same.
The said four flat props or bars maintaining the flaps or fins in their wright
position, that is to say, sufficiently forward not to touch the front of the swimmer's
leg, and sufficiently distant from the sandal not to fall down farther than the level
of the swimmer's sole.
The whole acting as follows:- -When the swimmer draws up his leg, the flaps
or fins collapse by the resistance of the water, and when he stretches it again
they open by the same resistance of the water to a wide angle (firmly set
by an inward chain or curb), and give thereby an increased power of propulsion to
the swimmer, which considerably accelerates his speed.
HAYMAKING MACHINE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Stephen Newson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1880.
DAVID STEPHEN NEWSON, of Elstree, in the County of Herts.
HAYMAKING MACHINE."
"AN IMPROVED
Tho object of this Invention is to construct a simple, light, and inexpensive
machine for making hay, capable of turning the hay over gently without bruising
and knocking out the seeds, as is the case with rotating haymakers, and at the
same time lay the hay in wind-rows ready for carting.
The machine consists of a light rectangular frame mounted on an axle of a pair
of running wheels, and which turns in bearings connected to the frame.
At or near the middle of the axle is mounted loosely a bevil wheel, which gears
with a pinion keyed on one end of a short longitudinal shaft suitably mounted on
the frame. At the other end of this shaft is a rocking arm, one end of which is
attached to and gives motion to a horizontal transverse bar, carrying two or more
rakes, and the other end carries a counterweight, the weight of which will counter-
balance the weight of the bar and rakes, and keep the latter out of action when the
machine is being conveyed along the roads.
These rakes are pendant from and are mounted in sockets pivotted to the bar.
The rakes are set at an angle to the line of traverse of the machine, and are supported
in the sockets by springs, which will admit of their being raised or lowered, or of
their giving in case of meeting with obstructions, as in haymakers of other
descriptions.
As a traverse motion is given to the machine, the pendant rakes will be
caused to reciprocato, and thereby lay the crop in wind-rows at equal distances
apart.
In order to keep the rake bar perfectly level I provide counterweighted
rocking arms similarly mounted, and having a throw corresponding to that of the
driving arm.
Other means may be provided for effecting this object, but the arrangement above
referred to will be found to answer well.
A sliding clutch for connecting the axle of the running wheels with the central
bevil wheel is provided, and it is thrown in and out of gear by a hand lever
worked by the attendant.

page_text: Shafts are provided, and these may be pivotted to the frame in any convenient
manner, so that they may be adjusted to suit the height of the draught
animal.
A seat for the attendant may also be provided in the centre of the machine.
In place of working the transverse bar by a central crank, I may use two
cranks, one at either side of the machine, each being driven by a separate bevil
wheel on the axle.
In some cases I may attach a drag rake to the rear of the frame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Sutcliffe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September 1880.
ROBERT SUTCLIFFE, of Castle Mills, Idle, in the County of York, Spinner.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES."
The object of this Invention is to prevent engines "overrunning" or continuing
to move for a time after the supply of steam is shut off, immediate stoppage being
of great importance in case of breakage or other accident.
According to this my said Invention, for the purpose aforesaid, I connect with
the condenser or condensers an air pipe and tap or valve, so that when desirable to
arrest the motion of the engine the air tap will be opened and the steam then shut
off, whereon the air enters the condenser by way of the pipe or pipes aforesaid and
at once destroys the vacuum, the engine thus boing at once brought to a standstill;
the air tap being under control of attendant on engine by means of a connecting
rod and crank or other like contrivance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OPENING FANLIGHTS & CASEMENT STAYS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Andrews at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1880.
GEORGE ANDREWS, of 120, Sidney Street, Mile End, in the Parish of Mile End
Old Town, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
OPENING FANLIGHTS & CASEMENT STAYS."
To construct a neat, safe, adjustable, and easily applied worm screw lever
apparatus for opening, regulating, and securing at any elevation any object hung
on hinges or centres. I construct for this purpose a case which is secured to the
frame adjoining the object purposed to be worked by my Invention, this case
contains a worm screw, working a cog wheel, to which a lever is attached, at
end of same is a wheel, which, working in a slot attached to the object proposed to
be moved, I then by means of a key inserted into the case, acting on the worm
screw can be moved in any direction at the will of the operator. Having now
described the nature of my Invention and the manner it is performed, and also
furnished Drawings herewith attached, the advantages I claim are, the worm screw
leverage movement.