IMPROVEMENTS IN FARE REGISTERS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sydney Pitt, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FARE REGISTERS." A communication from
abroad by Charles Barnett Harris, of 1193, Broadway, New York City, in the
United States of America, Contractor.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sydney Pitt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1878.
SYDNEY PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FARE
REGISTERS." [A communication from abroad by Charles Barnett Harris, of 1193,
Broadway, New York City, in the United States of America, Contractor.]
The Invention belongs more especially to that class of registers termed "portable
fare registers" which are adapted for the use of conductors upon railroads, drivers
of passenger vehicles, and for such other like kindred uses or purposes, whereby
a check is put upon the receiver or collector of the fares, and pilfering or cheating
by dishonest practices or abstraction prevented, the collector having to make a
registry, and announce it by sounding an alarm for each collection made.
The object of the first part of the Invention is to furnish a fare register provided
with means whereby the amount of fares or collections made during the travel of
the car or vehicle in each direction will be permanently recorded and ascertained;
to which end the Invention consists of a fare register, having an indicator or sign
by which the direction of travel may be known, so organized that the indicator
cannot be changed to indicate a different direction of travel without first making
a permanent record of the fares collected.
With the registering mechanism of a fare register is also combined an indicator or
sign showing the direction of travel of the vehicle enclosed in the same casing or
receptacle with the registering mechanism, the indicator being so organized that it
cannot be changed to indicate a different direction of travel without first bringing
the register to zero, or in a position indicating no registry.

page_text: With the primary registering mechanism is also combined secondary permanent
or transfer registering mechanism, and an indicator or sign showing the direction of
travel, the indicator being so organized that it cannot be changed to indicate a
different direction of travel unless the primary register is at zero, or at a point
indicating no registry, the setting of the primary register back to that point after a
registry has been made transferring its record to the secondary or permanent
register.
The fare register is provided with a window or opening to permit of inspecting
the registering mechanism or record, and with a window or opening to permit of
inspecting an indicator or sign which indicates the direction of travel of the car or
vehicle.
According to this Invention there is also combined together in a single case
registering mechanism, alarm mechanism, an actuator, handle, or push bar for
working the register and sounding an alarm, and an indicator which indicates the
direction of travel, whereby the sounding of the alarm announces the registry of
the fare, and the indicator shows in which direction of travel of the car or vehicle
the registry was made.
The fare register is furnished with a cancelling device or punch, which may be
operated independently of the registering mechanism, or in connection with it, to
register each actuation of the punch; to which end the actuator, push bar or handle
of the register is combined with a punch carried thereby, and so organized as to be
worked independently of the register or in connection with it.
With the registering mechanism is also combined an actuator or push bar and a
punch or cancelling device mounted in an axial bore or opening in the push.bar.
The actuator or push bar of the fare register is provided with jaws or a slotted
head for the reception of a ticket or strip to be punched or cancelled.
The registering mechanism is also combined with an alarm, and an actuator or
push bar for operating the register and alarm, slotted for the reception of a
ticket or strip to be punched or cancelled.
Primary registering mechanism, secondary or transfer registering mechanism, an
alarm, an actuator or push bar for actuating the mechanism, an alarm and a punch
or cancelling device carried by the actuator are also used together in combination.
The primary registering mechanism and secondary or permanent registering
mechanism are also combined with a punch or cancelling device, the actuations of
which are first registered by the primary register, and then transferred to the
secondary register as a permanent record.
To prevent access of dust and extraneous matter to the alarm mechanism, and
also to prevent tampering therewith by the insertion of wires or small instruments
through the perforations in the casing which permit of the escape of the sound, and
this without impairing the efficiency of the alarm or obstructing the free escape of 4
the sound from the casing, a diaphragm or disc is employed vibrating in unison
with the alarm to shield and protect it.
A perforated cover may also be combined with the alarm to permit the free
escape of the sound, and a vibrating diaphragm or disc interposed between the
perforated cover and the alarm.
Some of the above improvements may be used without the others.
The casing or box of the mechanism is preferably of a tapering curvilinear form.
In the upper enlarged end of the casing is mounted the registering mechanism and
dials, and in the lower or smaller end is secured an alarm apparatus.
The registering mechanism consists of two sets, a primary mechanism for
temporarily registering the fares collected on each separate trip or direction of
travel of the car or vehicle, and a secondary mechanism to which a transfer of the
record of the primary register is made at the terminus of each direction of travel, to
obtain a permanent record of the fares collected, the transfer being accomplished
during the act of resetting or moving the primary mechanism back to the zero or
starting point, in readiness to commence the registry of fares to be collected on the
return or back trip of the car or vehicle.

page_text: The primary register consists in the apparatus as at present arranged of two flat
circular discs or dials of different diameters or size, mounted on the same axle stud
or arbor, one above the other, the upper or smaller disc being provided on its face
near the edge with the numerals 0 to 9 inclusive, while the larger disc below it is
provided with numerals 1 to 9 inclusive.
The smaller disc is the unit disc, and at every complete revolution thereof the
larger or tens disc is turned one tenth of a revolution, whereby, as will readily be
understood, I am enabled to register by the two discs in this instance ninety-niue
fares,
For convenience of reading or inspecting the register and to enable the passenger
to see that his fare is properly registered, an opening or window is made in the
case, the window being however covered with some transparent material to prevent
tampering with the mechanism which controls or governs the movements of the
dials. This governing mechanism consists of an actuating wheel fixed upon the
axle above mentioned, and provided in this instance with ten teeth or notches in
its periphery. The unit disc is fixed on the axle so as to turn with it while
interposed between the said disc and the actuating wheel, so as to turn loosely; on
the axle and indepondently of it is mounted a cog wheel carrying the large disc or
dial. A wheel similar to the cog wheel is mounted upon a stud axle or arbor rising
from the casing, and is formed with or firmly connected by an intermediate plate
to another wheel provided with notches, ten in number, corresponding to the
notches in the actuating wheel. The two wheels are thus caused to turn together
on the same arbor.
The teeth of the two cog wheels on the axle and on the arbor rising from the
casing mesh or interlock, while a tongue or tooth on the actuating wheel at every
revolution of that wheel meshes with one of the notches in the wheel which is fast
with the above-mentioned cog wheel that turns on the arbor rising from the casing,
turning it the distance of one tooth or one-tenth of a revolution.
Below the primary registering mechanism is secured the alarm apparatus, which
consists in this instance of a bell and a hammer mounted upon the long arm of a
bent lever or bell crank, which has its fulcrum or pivot on a stud or pin. The
hammer is actuated by a ratchet wheel provided on its face or crown with radial
ribs or projections, one of the ribs, as the ratchet wheel is partially rotated, acting.
upou the short bent arm of the lever to rock it upon its fulcrum and raise the
hammer end, which as soon as the rib is carried out of contact with or released
from the bent end of the lever, allows the hammer suddenly to descend and sound
an alarm owing to the action of a spring which exerts its tension on the hammer
arm.
A suitable pawl prevents back rotation of the ratchet wheel and sounding of the
alarm, until a forward movement of the wheel takes place sufficient to allow the
hammer lever to slip from the carrying or actuating rib, which release of the
hammer is committed only when the registering mechanism is actuated, whereby a
false alarm without actuating the register is rendered impossible.
The movement or stroke of the hammer toward the bell is limited by a suitable
stop, which, while allowing the hammer to strike the bell when released from the
ratchet wheel, holds it slightly out of contact with the bell when at rest.
In order to prevent the entrance of dust and extraneous matter to the alarm
mechanism, and also to prevent the insertion of small instruments through the
perforations in the casing which permit of the free escape of the sound, in endeavors
to tamper with the apparatus, and this without obstructing or impairing the
efficiency of the alarm, I interpose between the perforated case or cover and the
alarm a diaphragm vibrating in unison with the bell. This diaphragm is preferably
composed of a thin circular iron plate secured at the edges between the casing and
the perforated cap or cover thereof, leaving the centre of the plate free to take up
the sound vibrations.
The actuator of the registering mechanism and alarm consists in this instance, of
a.slide rod or push bar, the upper end of which projects through an opening or

page_text: guideway in the upper end of the casing, and its lower end which is slotted longi-
tudinally to permit free play of the slide being secured to the casing, and guided in
its reciprocating movements by a suitable screw or rivet, the reciprocating move-
ments of the push bar being limited by suitable shoulders thereon which come in
contact with a suitable stop or pin. This push bar carries a pawl acted on by a
suitable spring, the pawl being provided with a projecting tooth which engages
with the notches in the actuating wheel herein-before mentioned, to actuate or
move it the distance of one notch, or one-tenth of a revolution at every complete
stroke inward of the push bar. The lower end or extension of the pawl is curved,
and acts upon the stop, stud, or pin on the back stroke of the push bar, to carry
the pawl free and clear of the actuating wheel.
Another pawl carried by the slide rod or push bar acts on the down stroke of
the push bar upon one of the arms or ribs on the ratchet wheel that works the
hammer and rotates the wheel, and elevates the hammer against the tension of its
impelling spring.
A full stroke of the push bar must take place before the ratchet wheel will be in
a position to permit of a release of the hammer to sound the bell. A partial stroke
of the push bar is insufficient to actuate the register, merely raising the bell hammer,
which is prevented from descending by the pawl. The push bar after each inward
stroke is automatically thrown back or returned to its normal or raised position by
a spring in the usual way.
The secondary, permanent, or transfer registering mechanism consists of a train
of wheels, say five, the first of which registers units, the second tens, the third
hundreds, the fourth thousands, and the fifth ten thousands. These wheels are of
well-known construction, and their operation well understood; therefore, with the
exception of the unit wheel, detail description of the train is deemed unnecessary.
The train is preferably mounted on a suitable plate secured in the casing by suitable
rivets or screws.
The wheels are each provided on their rear faces with numerals
to 9 inclusive, and the registry made by the wheels is adapted to be read through
suitable openings in the back plate of the casing.
The unit wheel is provided on its front face with ten teeth or notches, with
which engage a pawl acted on by a suitable spring to prevent back rotation of the
wheel. Loosely mounted over this face of the wheel, and on the same arbor or stud
with it, is a cog wheel provided with a circular spring pawl or detent which engages
with the teeth or notches of the unit wheel, to connect the two wheels together
when the cog wheel is rotated in the proper direction in making a transfer from
the primary to the secondary mechanism, but allows the cog wheel to turn inde-
pendently of the unit wheel, so as to produce no effect thereon when the primary
register alone is being worked.
In order to transfer the record made by the primary or temporary registering
mechanism to the permanent register, I employ a double cog wheel turning on a
suitable plate, the wheel being intermediate of the actuating wheel of the primary
register, and the unit wheel of the permanent register one of the discs of the double
wheel meshing with a similar disc or wheel on the unit wheel, and the other disc
meshing with a similar disc or cog wheel formed on or connected with the actuating
wheel.
The double cog wheel is operated by a key which passes through a suitable hole
in the back of the casing and into a central opening or keyhole in the wheel, the
keyhole being provided with a groove for the reception of a spline or feather on the
key shank.
The operating end of the key is also provided with teeth or ratchets to engage
with a tooth in a locking plate or detent, mounted just over or in front of the
double cog wheel, and partially overlapping the keyhole or opening therein, whereby
when the key is inserted into the wheel to actuate it its ratcheted end will push
aside the locking plate or detent, and be permitted to turn in one direction, i.e., the
direction to make the transfer, by throwing the latch or plate outward; but the key
will be locked from turning in the other direction by the engagement of the tooth

page_text: of the locking plate with the ratcheted end, the effort to turn the key forcing the
tooth into engagement with one of its ratchets.
The locking plate is connected with or forms part of another arm or latch, which
engages with the teeth or notches in and prevents back rotation of the primary
actuating wheel, except when the key is inserted and turned in making a transfer,
which retracts the latch by its action upon the locking plate. This double-armed
locking plate or detent is mounted upon a suitable stud axle, and acted upon by a
spring to keep them normally in position, one in engagement with the actuating
wheel, and the other partially covering the key opening in the double cog wheel.
In order to ascertain the fares collected on cach direction of travel of the car or
vehicle I employ in this instance a circular plate, on the face of which, near its
periphery, and at two points, one directly opposite the other, are placed words,
letters, signs, or marks indicating opposite directions of travel, being, say, the words
"east" and "west," which would be the proper signs to employ on a road or routé
running east and west; but it will be obvious that other signs or words may be
used as occasion or circumstances require. This plate or disc is situated in the
upper end of the casing, directly over the primary registering dials, being secured
upon the end of a suitable spindle or shaft actuated from the outside of the casing
by means of a suitable button or handle for convenience in turning, changing, or
shifting the indicator.
The indicator plate is slotted at two points so as to leave the view of the regis-
tering discs unobstructed, and a suitably covered window in the casing also permits
of conspicuous display of the words or signs indicating the direction of travel of the
car or vehicle.
To prevent the indicator being changed or shifted to indicate a different direction
of travel without first making a permanent record of the fares collected, and without
moving the primary register back to zero or the starting point (beyond which point
the registering discs cannot be carried, as the larger disc of the primary register will
be locked by a pawl mounted on a stud or arbor on the casing), I provide the
indicator plate with notches which engage the toothed or projecting end of one arm,
which is called the locking arm, of a three-pronged latch, the latch being pivotted
in this instance upon the arbor of the ratchet wheel that actuates the bell hammer,
and is acted upon by a spring which tends to keep the arm nominally in engage-
ment with one of the notches. The other arms of this three-pronged latch are
adapted, when the register is at zero, to vibrate one into a notch in the unit disc of
the primary register, and the other into a similar notch in the larger disc of said
register. This will permit the indicator to be turned so as to bring the sign desired,
indicating the direction of travel, opposite the window in the casing, the locking
arm riding out of the notch in the plate, and the other arms vibrating into the
notches in the registering discs. When, however, an operation of the register takes
place the notches in the primary discs are taken out of line with the other arms or
prongs of the three-pronged latch, which will effectually prevent the indicator plate
from being turned, as an attempt to turn the plate except when the register is at
zero only brings these arms in contact with the curved edges of the discs, which is
not sufficient to carry the locking arm out of the locking notch.
To adapt a punch or cancelling device to a fare register, so that it may either be
used independently of the registering mechanism and alarm, or in connection there-
with, whereby each actuation of the punch will be registered and announced, and
to adapt the actuator of the registering mechanism for the reception of the ticket or
strip to be punched or cancelled, I in this instance provide the upper end of the
push bar with a longitudinal bore or opening for the reception of a punch or cau-
celling device, and mount on the end of the bar a slotted head or jaws, or the bar
itself may be slotted, the slot being of the proper width to receive the ticket or strip
to be punched or cancelled.
A suitable opening or female die is also formed in the head or jaws, to permit of
the escape of the chippings; or these chips may be preserved in a suitable locked

page_text: receptacle attached to the punch if desired, to constitute an additional record of
the actuations of the punch and fares collected.
:
The punch die consists of a bar having a reduced tubular upper portion encircled
by a spiral spring which tends to throw or retract the die from the slot or ticket-
guiding jaws on the back stroke of the push bar, the retracting movement being
limited by a suitable pin or stop. The lower end of the bar is enlarged and pro-
vided with a flattened reduced end, and with a shoulder adapted to abut against or
come in contact with a stop on the casing.
When the push bar is in its normal position the punch is withdrawn from
the ticket slot. An inward stroke of the push bar to actuate the registering
mechanism and sound the alarm, carries the punch bar with it until its shoulder
abuts against the stop, and its flattened reduced end enters one of the notches of
the actuating wheel. The push bar, in continuation of its stroke, now moves end-
wise on the punch bar, which is forced across the ticket slot to punch the ticket or
strip inserted therein.
As the end of the punch bar is brought in engagement with the notch in the
actuating wheel, that wheel will be prevented from being carried forward farther
than is necessary for the proper movement of the dial to indicate a registration of
the movement of the push bar and punch, the latch which forms part of or is
connected with the locking plate, as herein-before stated, preventing back rotation
of said wheel.
If it is desired to work the punch independently of the register and alarm, the
push bar is not allowed to rise to its utmost limit, which would bring the register
and alarm-actuating pawls in working position, but is allowed to rise only to a
distance sufficiently to carry the ticket slot above the cutting end of the punch bar,
which does not rise with the push bar within that limit owing to the action of its
spring. Any number of tickets may be punched or cancelled in this manner without
registering the actuations of the punch or sounding an alarm.
The operation of the improved register is as follows:-The direction of travel
being indicated, say, as "west," each fare is registered on the primary register, and
the registry is announced by the alarm by an inward stroke or movement of the
push bar or actuator, which brings the actuating pawl into engagement with the
actuating wheel, turning it one-tenth of a revolution. The tenth actuation of the
actuating wheel causes its entire revolution and brings its tongue or projection into
engagement with the idle wheel, causing it and the cog wheel connected with it to
make one-tenth of a revolution, and as the wheel is in gear with the wheel carrying
the larger disc, a similar movement or one-tenth of a revolution is also imparted to
the said disc, which makes the primary register indicate 10 through its window.
This operation is continued as long as the collection continues, the larger disc making
one-tenth of a revolution at every entire revolution of the unit wheel, the two
wheels, as will be obvious, being capable of registering ninety-nine fares, which is
more than is ordinarily required in one direction of travel of a vehicle, but the
discs may be multiplied if desired. The inward stroke of the push bar also actuates
the alarm as soon as the registering movement is complete.
At the end of the route the collector brings the primary register back to zero by
the use of the key, in order to enable him to change the direction indicator, the
primary register, while being reset, transferring its record through the double cog.
wheel to the secondary or permanent register, which is capable in the present instance
of registering an immense number of fares.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Sydney Pitt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th March
1879.
SYDNEY PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey. “IMPROVEMENTS IN FARE
REGISTERS." A communication from abroad by Charles Barnett Harris, of 1193,
Broadway, New York City, in the United States of America, Contractor.
•
The Invention belongs more especially to that class of registers termed "portable
fare registers," which are adapted for the use of conductors upon railroads, drivers of
passenger vehicles, and for such other like kindred uses or purposes whereby a check
is put upon the receiver or collector of the fares, and pilfering or cheating by dishonest
practices or abstraction prevented, the collector having to make a registry and
announce it by sounding an alarm for each collection made.
The object of the first part of the present Invention is to furnish a fare register
provided with means whereby the amount of fares or collections made during the
travel of the car or vehicle in each direction will be permanently recorded and
ascertained, to which end the Invention consists of a fare register having an indi-
cator or sign by which the direction of travel may be known so organised that the
indicator cannot be changed to indicate a different direction of travel without first
making a permanent record of the fares collected.
This part of the Invention further consists of the combination with the registering
mechanism of a fare register of an indicator or sign showing the direction of travel
of the vehicle inclosed in the same casing or receptacle with the registering
mechanism, the indicator being so organized that it cannot be changed to indicate a
different direction of travel without first bringing the register to zero or in a position
indicating no registry.
This part of the Invention further consists in the combination of primary regis-
tering mechanisin, secondary, permanent, or transfer registering mechanism; and an
indicator or sign showing the direction of travel, the indicator being so organized
that it cannot be changed to indicate a different direction of travel unless the
primary register is at zero or at a point indicating no registry, the setting of the
primary registry back to that point after a registry has been made, transferring its
record to the secondary or permanent register.
This part of the Invention further consists of a fare register provided with a
window or opening to permit of inspecting the registering mechanism or record, and
with a window or opening to permit of inspecting an indicator or sign, which
indicates the direction of travel of the car or vehicle.
This part of the Invention further consists in the combination in a single case of
registering mechanism, alarm mechanisın, an actuator, handle, or push bar for
working the register and sounding an alarm, and an indicator which indicates the
direction of travel whereby the sounding of the alarm announces the registry of the
fare, and the indicator shows in which direction of travel of the car or vehicle the
registry was made.
The object of the next part of the Invention is to furnish a fare register with a
cancelling device or punch, which may be operated independently of the registering
mechanism, or in connection with it to register each actuation of the punch, to which
end the Invention consists of the combination of the actuator, push bar, or handle
of the register, with a punch carried thereby, and so organized as to be worked
independently of the register or in connection with it.
This part of the Invention further consists in the combination of registering
mechanism, an actuator, or push bar, and a punch or cancelling device mounted in
an axial bore or opening in the push bar.
The Invention also consists in providing the actuator or push bar of a fare register
with jaws or a slotted head for the reception of a ticket or strip to be punched or
alled

page_text: The Invention also consists in the combination of registering mechanism, an
alarm, and an actuator or push bar for operating the register and alarm slotted for
the reception of a ticket or strip to be punched or cancelled.
The Invention further consists in the combination of primary registering
mechanism, secondary or transfer registering mechanism, an alarm, an actuator, or
push bar for actuating the mechanism and alarm, and a punch or cancelling device
carried by the actuator.
The Invention further consists in the combination of primary registering
mechanism, secondary or permanent registering mechanism, and a punch or cancel-
ling device, the actuations of which are first registered by the primary register, and
then transferred to the secondary register as a permanent record.
The object of the next part of the Invention is to prevent access of dust and
extraneous matter to the alarm mechanism, and also to prevent tampering therewith
by the insertion of wires or small instruments through the perforations in the
casing, which permit of the escape of the sound, and this without impairing the
efficiency of the alarm or obstructing the free escape of the sound from the casing,
which ends I attain by employing a diaphragm or disc vibrating in unison with the
alarm to shield and protect it.
This part of the Invention further consists in the combination of an alarm, a
perforated cover to permit the free escape of the sound, and a vibrating diaphragm
or disc interposed between the perforated cover and the alarm.
The Invention also consists in the organization, construction, and arrangement
of the various details of the mechanism, as will be herein-after specifically set
forth.
The accompanying Drawings show all the improvements as embodied in one
machine in the best way now known to me. Obviously however some of the
improvements may be used without the others, and in registers differing somewhat
in their general construction from that therein shown.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the improved fare register; Figure 2, a side view
thereof; Figure 3, a front view, the cover of the casing being removed to show the
internal parts and portions of the mechanism broken away for the purpose of clearer
illustration; Figure 4, a vertical central section through the device on the line 4, 4,
of Figure 1; Figure 5, a view similar to that of Figure 3, with portions of the
mechanism removed; Figure 6, a corresponding view of portions of the mechanism
partly in section; Figure 7, a view of portions of the mechanism employed for
transferring the record of the primary or temporary register to the secondary or
permanent register detached; Figure 8, a section therethrough on the line 8, 8, of
Figure 7; Figure 9, a view of the key and portions of the mechanism, by which
the transfer of the record is accomplished, also in section on the line 8, 8, of
Figure 7; Figure 10, a horizontal section through the apparatus on the line 10, 10,
of Figure 1; Figure 11, a longitudinal section through the transfer or secondary
registering mechanism on the line 11, 11, of Figure 13; Figure 12, a face view of
the secondary registering wheels detached; and Figure 13, a view of a portion of
the back of the casing, showing the openings through which to read the secondary
or permanent register.
The casing or box A is preferably of the tapering curvilinear form shown in the
Drawings as being more convenient for handling and better adapted for the recep-
tion of the mechanism as organized in the present instance. In the upper enlarged
end of the casing is mounted the registering mechanism and dials, and in the lower
or smaller end is secured an alarm apparatus.
The registering mechanism consists of two sets, a primary mechanism for tempo-
rarily registering the fares collected on each separate trip or direction of travel of
the car or vehicle, and a secondary mechanism to which a transfer of the record of
the primary register is made at the terminus of each direction of travel, to obtain a
permanent record of the fares collected, the transfer being accomplished during the
act of resetting or moving the primary mechanism back to the zero or starting point

page_text: in readiness to commence the registry of fares to be collected on the return or back
trip of the car or vehicle.
The primary register consists in the present instance of two flat circular discs or
dials B, B', of different diameters or size mounted on the same axle, stud, or arbor b
one above the other, the upper or smaller disc B being provided on its face near the
edge with the numerals 0 to 9 inclusive, while the larger disc below it is provided
with numerals 1 to 9 inclusive.
The smaller disc B is the unit disc, and at every complete revolution thereof the
larger or tens disc is turned one-tenth of a revolution, whereby, as will readily be
understood, I am enabled to register by the two discs, in this instance ninety-nine
fares.
For convenience of reading or inspecting the register, and to enable the passenger
to see that his fare is properly registered, an opening or window is made in the
case A, the window being however covered with some transparent material to prevent:
tampering with the mechanism, which controls or governs the movements of the dials.
This governing mechanism consists of an actuating wheel C fixed upon the axle b,
and provided in this instance with ten teeth or notches c in its periphery. The
unit disc B is fixed on this axle b, so as to turn with it while interposed between
the said disc B and wheel C, so as to turn loosely on the axle b, and independently.
of it is mounted a cog wheel D, carrying the disc or dial B¹. A wheel E, similar to
the wheel D, is mounted upon a stud axle or arbor e rising from the casing, and is
formed with or firmly connected by an intermediate plate e' to a wheel F provided
with notches, ten in number in this instance, corresponding to the notches in the
wheel C. The two wheels E and F are thus caused to turn together on the same
arbor.
The teeth of the cog wheels D and E mesh or interlock, while a tongue or tooth
c on the wheel C at every revolution of that wheel meshes with one of the notches
f in the wheel F turning it the distance of one tooth or one-tenth of a revolution.
Below the primary registering mechanism is secured the alarm apparatus which
consists in this instance of a bell G of well-known construction and a hammer G¹
mounted upon the long arm of a bent lever or bell crank H which has its fulcrum
or pivot on a stud or pin h. The hammer is actuated by a ratchet wheel I provided
on its face or crown with radial ribs or projections i, one of the ribs as the ratchet
wheel is partially rotated acting upon the short bent arm of the lever to rock it
upon its fulcrum and raise the hammer end, which as soon as the rib is carried out
of contact with or released from the bent end of the lever allows the hammer
suddenly to descend and sound an alarm owing to the action of a spring g which.
exerts its tension on the hammer arm.
A suitable pawl i¹ prevents back rotation of the ratchet wheel and sounding of
the aların until a forward movement of the wheel takes place sufficient to allow the
hammer lever to slip from the carrying or actuating rib, which release of the hammer
is permitted only when the registering mechanism is actuated whereby a false alarm
without actuating the register is rendered impossible.
. The movement or stroke of the hammer toward the bell is limited by a suitable
stop 2, which while allowing the haminer to strike the bell when released from the.
ratchet wheel holds it slightly out of contact with the bell when at rest.
In order to prevent the entrance of dust and extraneous matter to the alarm
mechanism, and also to prevent the insertion of small instruments through the
perforations in the casing which permit of the free escape of the sound in endeavours
to tamper with the apparatus and this without obstructing or impairing the
efficiency of the alarm, I interpose between the perforated case or cover and the
alarm a diaphragm J vibrating in unison with the bell. This diaphragm is prefer-
ably composed of a thin circular iron plate secured at the edges between the casing
and the perforated cap or cover J' thereof, leaving the centre of the plate free to
take up the sound vibrations.
The actuator of the registering mechanism and alarm consists in this instance of
a slide rod or push bar K the upper end of which projects through an opening or

page_text: guideway in the upper end of the casing and its lower end which is slotted longi-
tudinally to permit free play of the slide being secured to the casing and guided in
its reciprocating movements by a suitable screw or rivet k, the reciprocating move-
ments of the push bar being limited by suitable shoulders thereon which come in
contact with a suitable stop or pin . This push bar carries a pawl L acted on by
a suitable spring, the pawl being provided with a projecting tooth which engages
with the notches in the wheel C to actuate or move it the distance of one-notch or
one-tenth of a revolution at every complete stroke inward of the push bar. The
lower end or extension of the pawl is curved and acts upon the stop stud or
projection on the back stroke of the push bar to carry the pawl free and clear of
Another pawl M carried by the bar K acts upon or engages one of the arms or
ribs on the ratchet wheel I on the downstroke of the push bar to rotate the wheel
and elevate the hammer against the tension of its impelling spring.
the wheel C.
A full stroke of the push bar must take place before the ratchet wheel will be in
a position to permit of a release of the hammer to sound the bell. A partial stroke
of the push bar is insufficient to actuate the register, merely raising the bell hammer
which is prevented from descending by the pawl . The push bar after each
inward stroke, is automatically thrown back or returned to its normal or raised
position by a spring K¹ in the usual way.
The secondary, permanent, or transfer registering mechanism consists of a train
of wheels,N, N¹, N2, N3, N4, five in this instance, the first of which registers units;
the second, tens; the third, hundreds; the fourth, thousands; and the fifth, ten-
thousands. These wheels are of well-known construction, and their operation well
understood; therefore with the exception of the unit wheel N, detail description
of the train is deemed unnecessary. The train is preferably mounted on a suitable
plate secured in the casing by suitable rivets or screws. The wheels are cach
provided on their rear faces with numerals 0 to 9 inclusive, and the registry made.
by the wheels is adapted to be read through suitable openings in the back plate of
the casing (clearly shown in Figures 11 and 13 of the Drawing).
The unit wheel N is provided on its front face with ten teeth or notches, with
which engage a pawl n acted on by a suitable spring to prevent back rotation of
the wheel. Loosely mounted over this face of the wheel and on the same arbor or
stud with it is a cog wheel 01, provided with a circular spring pawl or detent n'
which engages with the teeth or notches of the unit wheel N to connect the two
wheels together when the cog wheel O¹ is rotated in the proper direction in making
a transfer from the primary to the secondary mechanism, but allows the wheel O' to
turn independently of the unit wheel N so as to produce no effect thereon when the
primary register alone is being worked.
In order to transfer the record made by the primary or temporary registering
mechanism to the permanent register I employ a double cog wheel P, P₁, turning
on a suitable plate p, the wheel being intermediate of the actuating wheel C of the.
primary register and the unit wheel of the permanent register; one of the discs P
of the double wheel meshing with the similar disc or wheel O¹ on the unit wheel N,
and the other disc P¹ meshing with a similar disc or cog wheel C formed on or
connected with the actuating wheel C.
The wheel P, P₁, is operated by a key Q, which passes through a suitable hole
in the back of the casing and into a central opening or keyhole in the wheel, the
keyhole being provided with a groove for the reception of a spline or feather q on
the key shank.
The operating end of the key is also provided with teeth or ratchets to engage
with a tooth r in a locking plate or detent R mounted just over or in front of the
wheel P, and partially overlapping the keyhole or opening therein, whereby, when
the key is inserted into the wheel to actuate it, its ratcheted end will push aside.
the plate R and be permitted to turn in one direction, i.e., the direction to make
the transfer, by throwing the latch or plate outward; but the key will be locked
from turning in the other direction by the engagement of the tooth r of the.

page_text: locking plate with the ratcheted end, the effort to turn the key forcing the tooth r
into engagement with one of its ratchets.
The locking plate R is connected with or forms part of another arm or latch R',
which engages with the teeth or notches in and prevents back rotation of the
primary actuating wheel C, except when the key Q is inserted and turned in
making a transfer, which retracts the latch R¹ by its action upon the locking
plate R. This double-armed locking plate or detent R, R¹, is mounted upon a
suitable stud axle and acted upon by a spring r' to keep them normally in position,
one in engagement with the wheel C and the other partially covering the key
opening in the wheel P, P¹.
In order to ascertain the fares collected on each direction of travel of the car or
vehicle I employ in this instance a circular plate S, on the face of which near its
periphery and at two points, one directly opposite the other, are placed words,
letters, signs, or marks indicating opposite directions of travel, being in this
instance the words "east" and "west," which would be the proper signs to employ
on a road or route running east and west; but it will be obvious that other signs
or words may be used as occasion or circumstances require. This plate or disc is
situated in the upper end of the casing directly over the primary registering dials
B, B', being secured upon the end of a suitable spindle or shaft, actuated from the
outside of the casing by means of a suitable button or handle S¹ for convenience in
turning, changing, or shifting the indicator.
The indicator plate is slotted at two points, as clearly shown, so as to leave the
view of the registering discs unobstructed, and a suitably covered window in the
casing also permits of conspicuous display of the words or signs indicating the
direction of travel of the car or vehicle.
To prevent the indicator being changed or shifted to indicate a different direction*
of travel without first making a permanent record of the fares collected, and without
moving the primary register back to zero or the starting point (beyond which
point the registering discs cannot be carried, as the disc B. will be locked by a
pawl b mounted on a stud or arbor 62 on the casing), I provide the indicator plate
with notches 8, with which engage the toothed or projecting end of one arm T of a
three-pronged latch; the latch being pivoted in this instance upon the arbor of the
ratchet wheel that actuates the bell hammer and is acted upon by a spring t, which
tends to keep the arm T normally in engagement with one of the notches s. The
other arms T1, T2, of this three-pronged latch are adapted when the register is at
zero to vibrate the arm T¹ into a notch t¹ in the unit disc B of the primary register,
and the arm T2 into a similar notch 2 in the disc B₁ of said register. This will
permit the indicator to be turned so as to bring the sign desired, indicating the
direction of travel opposite the window in the casing, the locking arm T riding out
of the notch s in the plate, and the other arms vibrating into the notches in the
registering discs. When however an operation of the register takes place the notches
in the primary discs are taken out of line with the prongs T1, T2, of the three-
pronged latch, which will effectually prevent the indicator plate from being turned,
as an attempt to turn the plate, except when the register is at zero, only brings the
arms T1, T2, in contact with the curved edges of the discs, which is not sufficient to
carry the arm T out of the locking notch.
To adapt a punch or cancelling device to a fare register so that it may either be
used independently of the registering mechanism and alarm or in connection there-
with, whereby each actuation of the punch will be registered and announced; and
to adapt the actuator of the registering mechanism for the reception of the ticket
or strip to be punched or cancelled I, in this instance, provide. the upper end of the
push bar K with a longitudinal bore or opening u for the reception of a punch or
cancelling device U, and mount on the end of the bar a slotted head or jaws V ;
or the bar itself may be slotted, the slot being of the proper width to receive the
ticket or strip to be punched or cancelled.
A suitable opening or female die. is also formed in the head or jaws V. to permit

page_text: -
of the escape of the chippings; or these chips may be preserved in a suitable locked
receptacle attached to the punch if desired, to constitute an additional record of the
actuations of the punch and fares collected.
The punch die consists of a bar having a reduced tubular upper portion encircled
by a spiral spring u¹, which tends to throw or retract the die from the slot or ticket
guiding jaws on the back stroke of the push bar, the retracting movement being
limited by a suitable pin or stop u². The lower end of the bar is enlarged and pro-
vided with a flattened reduced end us and with a shoulder u adapted to abut
against or come in contact with a stop v on the casing.
When the push bar is in its normal position, as shown in Figure 4, the punch is
withdrawn from the ticket slot. An inward stroke of the push bar to actuate the
registering mechanism and sound the alarm carries the punch bar with it until its
shoulder u abuts against the stop v and its end u³ enters one of the notches of the
primary registering wheels C, as shown in Figure 6. The push bar in continuation
of its stroke now moves endwise on the punch bar, which is forced across the ticket
slot to punch the ticket or strip inserted therein.
It will be noticed that as the end of the punch bar is brought in engagement
with the notch in the wheel C that wheel will be prevented from being carried
forward farther than is necessary for the proper movement of the dial to indicate a
registration of the movement of the push bar and punch, the latch R', as herein-
before stated, preventing back rotation of said wheel.
If it is desired to work the punch independently of the register and alarm, the
push bar, when in the position of Figure 6, is not allowed to rise to its utmost
limit, which would bring the register and alarm-actuating pawls in working
position, but is allowed to rise only to a distance sufficiently to carry the ticket slot
above the cutting end of the punch bar, which does not rise with the push bar
within that limit owing to the action of its spring. Any number of tickets may be
punched or cancelled in this manner without registering the actuations of the punch
or sounding an alarm.
The operation of the improved register is as follows:--Starting with the indicator
in the position shown in Figure 1, the direction of travel being indicated as "west,"
each fare is registered on the primary register, and the registry is announced by
the alarm by an inward stroke or movement of the push bar or actuator, which
brings the actuating pawl L into engagement with the wheel C, turning it one-
tenth of a revolution. The tenth actuation of the wheel C causes its entire revolu-
tion, and brings its tongue or projection c¹ into engagement with the idle wheel F,
causing it and the wheel E connected with it to make one-tenth of a revolution,
and as the wheel E is in gear with the wheel carrying the disc B¹, a similar
movement or one-tenth of a revolution is also imparted to the said disc, which
makes the primary register indicate 10 through its window. This operation is
continued as long as the collection continues, the disc B¹ making one-tenth of a
revolution at every entire revolution of the unit wheel B, the two wheels, as will
be obvious, being capable of registering ninety-nine fares, which is more than is
ordinarily required in one direction of travel of a vehicle; but the discs may be
multiplied if desired. The inward stroke of the push bar also actuates the alarm
as soon as the registering movement is complete.
At the end of the route the collector brings the primary register back to zero by
the use of the key Q in order to enable him to change the direction indicator, the
primary register while being reset transferring its record through the wheel P, P',
to the secondary or permanent register, which is capable in the present instance
of registering an immense number of fares.
The advantages of the improvements will be obvious without further elaboration.
I do not intend to limit myself to the precise construction and organization of
the various parts of my improved register, they being susceptible of considerable
variation without departing from the spirit of the Invention.
I do not however broadly claim a fare register..having a primary or temporary
and a permanent or secondary registering mechanism.

page_text: what I claim is,
1. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of a fare register
with a direction indicator, locked form indicating a different direction of travel
without making a permanent record of the fares collected.
2. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, with the registering
mechanism of a fare register of an indicator or sign enclosed in the same casing with
the registering mechanism, and incapable of being changed to indicate a different
direction of travel without resetting or bringing the register to the zero or starting
point.
3. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of primary or temporary
registering mechanism, secondary or permanent registering mechanism, and an indi-
cator or sign showing the direction of travel, and so organized that a different
direction of travel cannot be indicated without bringing the primary register to
zero or starting point and transferring its record to the permanent register.
4. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of registering
mechanism, an indicator or sign which indicates the direction of travel, and a
surrounding casing provided with windows or openings therein for the purpose of
inspecting the register and the direction indicator or sign.
5. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, in a single case of
registering mechanism, alarm mechanism, an actuator, handle, or push bar for
working the register and sounding an alarm, and an indicator which indicates the
direction of travel, whereby the sounding of the alarm announces the registry of the
fare, and the indicator shows in which direction of travel of the car or vehicle the
registry was made.
6. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the registering
mechanism and alarm with a punch carried by the actuating push bar or handle, the
punch being capable of having its actuations registered and announced, or of being
operated without actuating the registering mechanism or sounding an alarm.
7. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of registering
mechanism, an actuator or push bar, and a punch or cancelling device mounted in
an axial bore or opening in the push bar.
8. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, with the registering
mechanism of a fare register of an actuator or push bar provided with jaws or
a slotted head for the reception of a ticket or strip to be punched or cancelled.
9. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of registering
mechanism, an alarm, and an actuator or push bar for operating the register and
aların, slotted for the reception of a ticket or strip to be punched or cancelled.
10. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the primary
registering mechanism, the secondary or transfer registering mechanism, the alarm,
the actuator or push bar for actuating the mechanism, an alarm and the punch or
cancelling device carried by the actuator.
11. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the primary
registering mechanism, secondary or permanent registering mechanism, and a punch
or cancelling device, the actuations of which are first registered by the primary
register and then transferred to the secondary register as a permanent record.
12. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, with the alarm
mechanism of a fare register of a vibrating diaphragm or disc to shield and protect
it, whereby tampering with the alarm mechanism is prevented without impairing
its efficiency.
13. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of an alarm, a per-
forated cover to permit of the free escape of the sound, and a vibrating diaphragm or
disc interposed between the perforated cover and the alarm.
14. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the primary
registering discs with a pawl or detent to engage a notch or tooth in one of the
discs, whereby when the discs are being reset back rotation beyond the starting
point, or that indicating no register, is prevented.
15. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the direction

page_text: indicator dise inclosed within the register casing, with a button, knob, or handle
outside the casing, to actuate or reverse the indicator.
16. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the primary
registering discs having a notch in their peripheries, the direction indicator plate,
also provided with a notch in its periphery, and the pronged locking latch or plate
to lock the indicator plate from turning until the registering discs are brought to
a certain point.
17. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the push bar or
actuator, the bell hammer, and the actuating wheel of the bell hammer, provided on
its periphery with ratchet teeth engaged by a pawl to prevent back rotation, and
on its face or crown with ribs or projections, one of which is acted upon by the
push bar to rotate the wheel, while another actuates the bell hammer.
18. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the primary
registering inechanism, the secondary registering mechanism, the transferring wheel
provided with an opening for the reception of a key, a notched plate or detent
partially overlapping the opening in the transfer wheel, and a key, the end of
which is notched or ratcheted, whereby the key when inserted to actuate the
transfer wheel can be turned in one direction only.
19. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, with the primary
and permanent registering mechanism of a fare register of a key for accomplishing
the transfer of the record from one to the other mechanism, provided with a
notched or ratcheted actuating end.
20. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the transfer
wheel with a double-armed locking plate or detent, one arm of which nominally
overlaps the opening in the transfer wheel, and the other nominally engages with
the teeth in the actuating wheel of the primary register to prevent back rotation
thereof, whereby the actuating key when turned in the proper direction retracts
the detent from engagement with the actuating wheel of the primary register, and
permits said register to be reset and the transfer of its record accomplished.
21. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the push bar
with the punch bar or die inclosed therein, and provided with a locking end
adapted to engage the teeth of the actuating wheel of the primary register when
the push bar is forced inward, whereby the actuating wheel is locked from forward
rotation and the punch adapted to be worked without registering its actuations or
sounding the alarm, by reciprocating the push bar thereon within limits not
sufficient to carry the pawl on the push bar above the actuating wheel, so as to
engage its teeth.
Jn. witness whereof, I, the said Sydney Pitt, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
SYDNEY PITT. (L.S.)