Improvements in, and in the Manufacture of Adjustable Spanners.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 24th July, 1897
Commlats Cannifination linft 3rd Sent 1807--Accented 23rd Oct. 1897
Improvements in, and in the Manufacture of Adjustable Spanners.
I, ROBERT FREDERICK HALL Managing Director of R. F. Hall Limited, of Sherlock
Street Works, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to adjustable spanners of that type in which a movable jaw
is propelled and repelled in an oblique direction across a fixed head or jaw
terminating the forward end of a handle.
The object of my invention is to simplify the construction and manufacture of the
said spanners and to reduce the cost of their production.
According to this invention, I take a fixed handle part, with the forward end,
which is preferably broadened out, terminated by a tongue or middle rib, adapted
to take within a like groove or middle channel, sunken within the opposed edge of
the head of a fixed jaw, made separate from the handle part, but secured thereto,
by cross rivetting, after the tongue of the handle part has been inserted into the
groove of the head part.
The middle part of the rib, and likewise the middle part of the lower edge of the
fixed jaw, are coincidently gapped to receive a corded screw nut or worm wheel, of a
greater breadth than that of the head, and with the milled worms adapted to
engage the tangential teeth of a rack, formed upon the under edge of a sliding
flat and diagonal bar of a movable jaw, working within a like section and obliquely
directed plain and thoroughfare hole formed lengthwise across the fast head, so
that when the corded nut is rotated in one or other directions, the flat bar is made
to be propelled and repelled and the movable jaw made to approach or recede from
the fixed jaw.
The movable jaw is kept in its position by the corded nut, baving journalled or
pivoted ends, which drop into sinkings or bearing slots, formed at the upper ends of
the two opposite sides of the gap, at the fore end of the handle.
By making the head piece separate from the handle, I am able to greatly facilitate
the machine or milling operation of the parts, and by such milling processes I am
able to retain the corded nut in its assigned position without the employment of
loose pieces.
At the same time I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the
exact manner as herein stated, of rivetting the head part to the handle part, as I
may connect the said parts together without rivetting, by forming a dovetail-shaped
or undercut groove upon the opposed edge of one part, and a like dovetail-shaped
rih or tongue upon the other part, and fitting the two together by sliding one within
the other or one over the other, and then kept infibulated but capable of sliding by
the corded nut, which may be mounted or fitted in position in any approved way so
that besides connecting the fast jaw to the handle, it shall control when rotated, the
movable jaw.
The after end of the handle of the aforesaid implement is fitted with a folding
screw-driver, with the joint end which works between a pair of fork sides and upon

page_text: a cross pin, provided with a snug or ear stop, which when the screw-driver is open
comes against a shoulder or an abutment end terminating the gap of the fork sides,
between which the screw-driver end lies when folded.
Dated thin 02nd dow of Tal 1007
ROBERT FREDERICK HALL,
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in, and in the Manufacture of Adjustable Spanners.
I, ROBERT FREDERICK HALL, Managing Director of R. F. Hall Limited, of Sherlock
Street Works, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what mauner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to adjustable spanners of that type in which a movable jaw
is propelled and repelled in an oblique direction across a fixed head or jaw terminating
the forward end of a handle. Usually the head or fixed jaw and the handle part are
made all in one piece and the operation of fitting the nut by which the movable jaw
is actuated is complicated and costly.
The object of my invention is to simplify the construction and manufacture of
such spanners and to reduce the cost of their production.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents an elevation of an adjustable
spanner, (with screw-driver attachment) of a simplified construction made according
my invention.
to
Figure 2 is a front edge view of the same.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of the said spanner, also showing the screw driver
part of the instrument turned into its position of use.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the spanner, taken upon the dotted line x, Figure 3
and looking in the direction of the arrow. Figure 5 represents a section of the
head taken upon the dotted line x1, Figure 3.
Figure 6 represents side and end elevations of the fixed jaw part separately.
Figure 7 represents the screw nut or worm separately.
Figure 8 represents an elevation, and an edge view partly in section of the upper
end of the handle part.
Figure 9 represents the movable jaw separately, in side and end elevation.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawing.
In constructing an adjustable spanner according to my invention, I take a fixed
handle part a, with the forward or upper end u¹, which is preferably broadened out,
terminated by a tongue or middle rib a², adapted to take within a like groove or
middle channel b¹, sunken within the opposed edge 62, of the head 63, carrying a
fixed jaw b, which head is inade separate from the handle part, but is secured thereto
by cross rivets 64, after the tongue of the handle part has been inserted into the
groove of the head part.
The middle part of the rib, and likewise the middle part of the lower edge of the
fixed jaw head are coincidently gapped at a³, 65, respectively, to receive a corded
screw nut or worm c, which is greater in diameter than the breadth of the head and
whose worm is adapted to engage the tangential teeth d, of a rack d², formed upon
the under edge d³, of a flat and sliding diagonal bar d, carrying a movable jaw d,
and working within a like sectioned and obliquely directed plain and thoroughfare
slot or race-way 66, formed lengthwise across the fast head, so that when the corded
nut is rotated in one or other direction, the said flat bar or stem is propelled or

page_text: repelled and the movable jaw mounted thereon is made to approach or recede from
the fixed jaw.
The movable jaw is kept in its position by the corded nut c, having journalled or
pivot ends, cl, which drop into stepped sinkings or bearing gaps a, formed at the
upper ends of the two opposite sides a, of the gap a³, at the fore end of the handle.
By making the head piece-separate from the handle, I am able to greatly facilitate
the machining or inilling operation of the parts, and by such milling processes I
am able to retain the corded nut in its assigned position without the employment of
loose pieces.
At the same time: I wish it to, be understood that. I do not confine myself. to the
exact manner as herein stated, of rivetting the head part to the handle part, as I
may connect the said parts together without rivetting, by forming a dovetail-shaped
or undercut groove upon the opposed edge of one part, and a like dovetail-shaped
rib or tongue upon the other part, and fitting the two together by sliding one within
the other or one over the other. The parts are then kept infibulated, but are
capable of sliding, by the corded nut, which may be mounted or fitted in position in
any approved way so that besides connecting the fast jaw to the handle, it shall
control, when rotated, the movable jaw.
The after or lower end a7, of the handle of the aforesaid implement is fitted with
a folding screw-driver e, with the joint end e¹, which works in a gap a³, between a
pair of cheeks formed by the slotting of the said end, and is mounted upon a cross
pin e², provided with a snug or ear stop e³, which when the screw-driver is open
comes against a shoulder a", or an abutment end terminating the said gap as,
between the cheeks of which the screw-driver end lies when folded. A spring catch f,
is provided with a stud f', which engages either in a recess e, at the edge of the screw
driver for retaining the same in its position of use or in the recess e5, for holding it
closed. Pressure of the finger upon the protruding button fio, disengages the said
stud and admits of the screw driver being folded up or placed in its position of use
as required and on such pressure being relieved, the driver is locked.
As an alternative arrangement, the tongue part may be formed upon the head and
the groove for the reception of the said tongue may be cut along the top edge of
the handle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First. Making the stem or handle and the head or fixed jaw of adjustable spanners
of the particular type herein described and represented, from two component parts,
with the opposed ends of the one part fitting into or upon the opposed ends of the
other part.
Secondly. Making the stem or handle and the head or fixed jaw of adjustable
spanners of the particular type herein described and represented from two component
parts, with a tongue on the one part taking into a groove or corresponding recess
of the other part, and being there rivetted or otherwise affixed, substantially as
described and set forth.
Thirdly. In adjustable spanners having the handle and the fixed head made in
two component parts, as referred to in the preceding claim, coincidently gapping the
respective grooved and tongue parts, to receive the corded screw nut or worm for
actuating the movable jaw, substantially as described and set forth.
Fourthly. In adjustable spanners with the handle and fixed head made up of two
component parts or sections respectively having coincidently gapped tongued and
grooved parts, as referred to in the preceding claim, providing the gap in the
tongue with shoulders or seatings for the journals or pivot ends of the corded screw
nut or worm, substantially as described and set forth.
Fifthly. The combination with an adjustable spanner of a jointed folding screw
driver, retained in its opened and closed positions by a spring catch, constructed,
arranged and provided substantially as described and set forth.

page_text: Sixthly. The several improvements in, and in the manufacture of adjustable
spanners, substantially as herein described and set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1897.
ROBERT FREDERICK HALL.
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.