Improved Wedge Mechanism for Winning Stone, Coal, Minerals or the like in Mines or Quarries.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 26th Feb., 1898
Improved Wedge Mechanism for Winning Stone, Coal, Minerals
or the like in Mines or Quarries.
I, FRITZ HERMANN HEISE, of 15, Essener Strasse, Gelsenkirchen, in the German
Empire, Mine Inspector, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in mechanism for winning stone or coal
or the like by means of wedges, which operation is effected by the propelling of
two wedges in opposite directions by means of the revolving of a screw spindle.
The devices hitherto employed for this purpose possess the serious drawback
that the wedges upon the turning of the screw spindle advance irregularly between
the outer supports which transmit the pressure to the materials because the resist-
ance opposed to the wedges is not uniform, this causes the apparatus to stick fast,
which on the one hand prevents the equable separation of the outer pieces over
their whole extent and on the other hand hinders the removal of the apparatus.
Especially when the screw spindle is reversed the wedge most strongly pressed
tends to remain in its place whilst the other wedge alone retires and the screw
spindle at the same time winds itself out of the wedge which is held fast. Accord-
ing to my invention this drawback is obviated in a manner at once simple and
effective, effecting throughout the whole length of the outer pieces an equable
pressure and a certain release of the wedges when the screw spindle is reversed.
This is attained by rendering equal the resistance to be overcome by both wedges,
or by arranging that the screw spindle cannot alter its position with regard to the
outer pieces.
I may construct my apparatus in various modifications to attain the desired
end.
"
In one modification the screw spindle is provided with a right and left thread for
the reception of matrices which are secured against revolving and are placed
within the wedges with a little free play. The two wedges are arranged the one
above the other and so that their outer sides are parallel. In contact with the
said outer sides are placed the outside or cheek pieces which when the wedges are
pressed together press against the stone and break down the same. The motion
of the one wedge on this plan causes a uniform pressure for the whole length of
the outer pieces so that neither in the winding up nor on the release of the wedges
any clamping action can take place.
'
'
In another modification the screw spindle is only provided with a thread on the
one side whilst the other end is secured in the other wedge by means of a revolving
head. In this modification only one outer piece is required because the other
wedge remains stationary.
In another modification instead of having the two outer surfaces of the wedges
parallel to each other, one of the outer pieces might be shaped somewhat in the
form of a wedge without departing from the principle of the invention: the equable
distribution of pressure over the whole surface of the wedge is assured' also in this
case.

page_text: The action contemplated by my invention can further be attained by rendering
the screw spindle immovable in regard to the outer pieces. In this modification the
screw spindle has right and left threads as before upon which the corresponding
matrix of each wedge engages so that the wedges can be drawn towards each other
from each side. The screw spindle in this modification bears a ring which for the
purpose of guiding the spindle engages in a corresponding socket in the outer
pieces. By this means the longitudinal displacement of the outer pieces in relation
to the screw spindle is prevented.
In order to prevent the. two outer pieces when in their. highest position from
slipping over the ring it is advisable to provide them with prolonged feet alternately.
surrounding the said ring. By means of this modification also an equable pressure
is maintained over the whole length of the wedges and a reliable parting of the
two wedges is effected on the reversal of the spindle. Should the stone or the like
not give way after the one drawing up of the wedges the mechanism can be very
easily returned to its original position; an additional outer piece can then be thrust
into the cut out piece of the bore hole and the operation repeated.
Dated this 10th
تحمل
of
1907
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents for the Applicant, 322, High Holborn, London, W.C.
Improved Wedge Mechanism for Winning Stone, Coal, Minerals
or the like in Mines or Quarries.
I, FRITZ HERMANN HEISE, of 15, Essener Strasse, Gelsenkirchen, in the German
Empire, Mine Inspector, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to improvements in means for the winning of stone
or coal by means of a wedge mechanism which is effected by the propulsion of two
wedges against each other by the turning of a screw spindle. The arrangements
hitherto in use for this purpose possess the great drawback that the wedges when
the screw spindle is revolved advance irregularly between the outer pieces which
convey the pressure to the stone, because the resistance opposed to the wedges is
various. This however causes the apparatus to stick fast, which on the one side
prevents the uniform expansion of the outer pieces over their whole length and on
the other hand prevents the release of the mechanism, especially when the spindle
is revolved in the opposite direction. The wedge which is held most strongly tends
to remain fast in its place, whilst the other wedge alone retreats, and the screw
spindle at the same time winds itself out of the wedge which is held fast.
According to the present invention these drawbacks are obviated in a simple and
efficient manner, and a uniform pressure created over the whole length of the
outer pieces, and a certain release of the wedges when the screw spindle is reversed
is effected. This is obtained by making the resistance to be overcome by the two
wedges uniform, or by arranging that the screw cannot alter its position with
regard to the outer pieces.
In the accompanying drawing the invention is illustrated in various modifi-
cations, in
Figure 1, the screw spindle a is provided with a right and left thread for the
reception of the matrices e¹e which are fixed so that they cannot revolve and are
placed in the wedges with a little play. The two wedges 616 slip over each other
and move with their outer surfaces parallel to each other. Upon these latter
surfaces are placed the outer pieces c, which when the wedges are drawn together

page_text: break off the stone. The motion of one wedge causes a uniform pressure upon
the whole length of the outer pieces, so that neither during the drawing together
nor during the release of the wedges can any sticking fast occur.
In Figure 2 the screw spindle is only provided with a thread on one side whilst
its other end is secured in the second wedge by means of a revolving head. In
this modification only one outer piece c¹ is requisite because the other wedge remains
stationary. Instead of having the two outer wedge surfaces moving parallel to
each other one of the outer pieces could be shaped somewhat wedge shaped without
altering thereby the principle of the invention. The uniform pressure over the
whole length of the wedge is also secured in this case which is illustrated in
Figure 3.
The operation contemplated by the present invention may also be attained by
causing the screw spindle to be unalterable in its position with regard to tho
outer pieces as for instance in the arrangement shown in Figure 4. In this modifi-
cation the screw spindle a is provided with right and left threads upon which
engage the corresponding matrices of the wedges 61 62 so that the wedges can be
drawn together in a manner easily comprehensible from the drawing. The screw
spindle in this case possesses a ring which engages in corresponding sharp angle
cavities in outer pieces c for the purpose of holding the spindle. In this manner
any longitudinal displacement of the outer pieces in relation to the screw spindle
is prevented. In order to prevent the two outer pieces from slipping over one
another when in their highest position, it is advisable to provide the outer pieces
with prolongations e which alternately embrace the ring. In this modification
also a uniform pressure is obtained over the whole length of the wedges and a
reliable release of both wedges is effected by the reversal of the spindle. If the
stone is not broken down by the single contraction of the wedges, the mechanism
can be easily brought back into its original position. Into the widened bore hole
is then placed an auxiliary block and the operation repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A stone breaking mechanism having two wedges movable upon each other
by means of a screw spindle between the outer pieces, characterised by the produc-
tion throughout the whole length of the said outer pieces of a uniform pressure,
and the obtaining of the certain release of the wedges when the rotation of the
spindle is reversed.
2. A modification of the mechanism described in Claim 1 characterised by the
arrangement of the wedges held by means of the screw spindle a within the outer
pieces c so that the said wedges lie one over the other with their inclined surfaces
and have their outer surfaces parallel.
3. The modification of the arrangement set forth in Claim 2 characterised by the
provision of a single thread upon the screw spindle a and that the other end thereof
is secured revolubly in the other wedge, whereby only one outer piece is rendered
necessary, which outer piece may also be formed somewhat wedge shaped.
Dated the Ofth day of La 1000
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.