Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Jan., 1855-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1895..
We, JOSEPH HENRY IREDALE and JAMES WILLIAM WORTHINGTON
HUDDLESTON both of Fenwick Chambers Fenwick Street, Liverpool in' the
County of Lancaster, Soap Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object a method of making soap whereby ammonia is
very largely the alkali used. Hitherto the difficulty in making ammonia soap has
been that the ammonia being in a caustic condition is volatile and consequently quickly
escapes from the soap. Now one of the principal points of our invention is this,
that we introduce the ammonia into the soap in the form of a stable non-volatile
salt, and that it is only when it comes in contact with the water that the ammonia
is evolved. By this means we form a powerful detergent.
. J
In carrying out our invention we form ordinary soap, but add a considerable
amount of soda crystals beyond that generally used. By this means a brittle soap
is formed which can be easily ground up; we grind this soda up usually with a
further amount of soda crystals and with soda ash. This powder is now sieved and
is mixed with sulphate of ammonia preferably in the form of powder; other stable
salt of ammonia soluble in water can be used instead of sulphate. When the soap
is used the sulphate of ammonia, soda crystals, soda ash and soap alike dissolve in
the water, the soda takes up the sulphuric acid of the sulphate of ammonia, and the
ammonia is liberated and forms a powerful detergent.
Dated the 21st day of April 1894.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicants.
We, JOSEPH HENRY IREDALE and JAMES WILLIAM WORTHINGTON
HUDDLESTON, both of Fenwick Chambers, Fenwick Street Liverpool in the
County of Lancaster, Soap Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object a method of making soap whereby ammonia is
largely the alkali used. Hitherto the difficulty in making ammonia soap has been
that the ammonia being in a caustic condition is volatile and consequently quickly
escapes from the soap. Now one of the principal points of our invention is this,
that we introduce the ammonia into the soap in the form of a stable non-volatile
salt, and that it is only when it comes in contact with the water that the ammonia
is evolved. By this means we form a powerful detergent.
In carrying out our invention, we form ordinary soap but add a considerable
amount of soda crystals and soda ash beyond that generally used. This can be
added during the making and in such case a very brittle easily ground soap results.
We have found however that there is no need to do this, as ordinary soap is easily
[Price 8d.}

page_text: ground. We therefore grind up ordinary soap 7 parts, soda ash (the carbonate of
soda hereafter described) 7 parts and soda crystals 56 parts. This powder is now
sieved. We now grind up 30 parts of carbonate of soda made by the ammonia-soda
process containing 58 per cent. Na,O and 10 parts of soap and 2 parts of sulphate
of ammonia, till the whole is an even powder. The two powders are now mixed
together. It is obvious that the soda crystals and carbonate of soda could be in
part substituted by other forms of alkali and also that the quantities can be varied
considerably, and other stable salts of ammonia can be used instead of sulphate, but
none of them are as satisfactory or as cheap. This powder in the powdered form
or pressed into cakes is our improved soap.
When the soap is used, the sulphate of ammonia, soda crystals, soda ash and soap
alike dissolve in the water, the soda takes up the sulphuric acid of the sulphate of
ammonia, and the ammonia is liberated and forms a powerful detergent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improvement in soap which consists in a combination of ordinary soap or
the ingredients of ordinary soap, plus extra alkali such as described, plus a stable
non-deliquescent salt of ammonia, the whole being powdered and the ammonia salt
added in such manner as not to come into chemical combination with other matter
till subjected to the presence of water.
2. The manufacture of soap containing a dry ammonia salt and a dry soluble
carbonate which in presence of water will re-act on each other and liberate ammonia
substantially as described.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and London, Patent Agents.