Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1895-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1895
I, PIERRE EUGÈNE SYLVAIN BARBÉ of 33 Rue Notre Dame de Lorette, Paris,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
he same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
he following statement :-
This invention has for object the production of a steam motor suitable especially
to road carriages, boats and aerial conveyances, and operating dynamos, and for
like purposes.
I will now describe the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
n which
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of my improved motor applied to a tricycle.
Fig. 2 shows a plan view. of the same.
Fig. 3.shows a back view.
Fig. 4, shows a vertical cross section of the motor on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 5 shows a diagrammatical plan view of the arrangement of pipes conveying
steam to and from the cylinders.
Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section of the cylinders on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 7, shows a longitudinal section of the condenser.
Fig. 8 shows a cross section of the same.
Fig. 9 shews a view of the pump mechanism on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 10 shews a transverse section of the double drum for the brake and
clutching mechanism also on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 1 shews a back view of the axle in section.
Fig. 12 is an external view of the clutch or coupling box with the outer drum-n¹
in section.
Fig. 13 is a section of the injector, and a plan of the burning, and vaporizing
tubes of the furnace on an enlarged scale.
The motor M Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is composed of three cylinders of different
dimensions indicated by the letters a, b, and c.
The steam from the boiler A passes through each of them entering the smallest
first and the largest last.
Each piston serves as a slide valve, to one of the two, of the other two cylinders,
and is furnished with two transverse tubes, the one h,for the inlet of steam, and the
other H for its exit.
In the annexed drawings, the large piston delivers steam to the small cylinder,
the small piston delivers to the middle cylinder, and the middle piston delivers to
the large cylinder.
The crauk pins of the crank-shaft T are formed at sequal angles of or
about 120°.
Each one of the crank pins has a double working.
'
1st. It serves as a motive crank for the piston to which it is joined by one
of the connecting rods u, u, u11; and 2nd as a distributing medium for another
cylinder.
Referring to Fig. 5, the cylinders are shewn in a diagram form, and placed one
over the other in order that their axes may be in the same plane, and further for
the purpose of permitting the crossing and general arrangement of the steam pipos
to be understood same are shewn by means of lines.

page_text: The small cylinder is in the position of inlet,, the middle one in the position of
compression and the largest in the exhaust position. The arrows shew the
direction taken by the steam, and the tubes which convey it are seen connecting
the cylinders. The solid arrows shew the course of the live steam and the dotted
arrows shew the direction of the exhaust.
The tubes are brazed to the pistons and cylinders.
The motor M usually receives the steam by the tap b', which forwards it to the
small cylinder a; and occasionally (for starting gear only, when according to the
position of the crank-shaft T, the small cylinder is closed) by the tap 61, which,
according to the position of its crank, delivers the steam to the middle or large
cylinder.
The crank of the large piston is in advance of that of the small one in the
rotating direction of the machine, the smaller is in advance of the crank of
the middle one; and the middle crank is in advance of that of the large
piston c.
At the time of starting
(1st case.) The small cylinder a is open; then the conducting pipe / connects
the orifices 2 and. 4.
The steam passes through pipes b¹, 2, h, 4, 31, and is pushing the small piston
down.. A little before the end of the stroke of the small. piston, the pipe H has
come to connect pipes 1 and 4; and to connect 2 and 4; then the steam
continues to pass through pipes 3', 4, H, 1, 21, h¹, 4',.3; and pushes the middle
piston down.
A little before, the end of the travel
connect 1 and 41; and to connect 2
to pass through. pipes 3,4; H',1,, 2;
down.
of tlie middle piston, H' has come to
and 4; then the steam. continues
4", 3, and! pushes the: large piston
او
A little before the end of the travel: of this: latter, H" has come to
connect and 4, and h to connect 3 and 4; then the steam continues to pass
through pipes: 3, 4"; H" and escapes to the condenser through pipe i.
Meanwhile, fresh steam passes through h, and the cycle begins again.
(2nd case.) The small cylinder is closed, that is to say, the conducting pipe h
does not connect 2 and 4.
(a) connects 21 and 4'; the tap 6" being in two directions, the pipes b', b¹¹
is made to connect with pipes 1, 2¹. This position is indicated by a notch.
(1)- connects 21 and 4'; H does not connect 1 and 4. The fresh steam
passes only through the pipe and pushes the middle piston.
(2) connects 21 and 41; H connects 1 and 4. The fresh steam passes
through pipes. H and hand goes on into the middle and small cylinders. The
latter from its position at exhaust, tends to turn the machine in the opposite
direction; but as the middle one has a larger diameter, it is this latter which
pushes the crank-shaft in the right direction.
(b) h connects 2" and 4". The tap bu being in the above position, the machine
cannot turn.
The said tap is then put in the position indicated by another notch where it
connects the pipe 6" 6' with pipe 11 21.
(c) connects 2" and 4;; H₁ does not. connect 1 and 4¹. The fresh steam
passes only through the pipe " and pushes the large piston.
(d) connects 2" and 4" ;; H connects 1 and.4'.
The fresh steam passes: through pipes h' and h",.and goes on into the large and
the middle cylinders. The latter in virtue of its position at exhaust, tends to turu
the machine in an opposite direction ; but as the large piston has a larger diameter,
it is this latter which pushes the crank-shaft in the right direction.
The machine starting to turn, 6" is at once put again.in the position shewn in
Fig. 5.
The steam when entirely exhausted arrives in the condensor I (Figs. 2, 3, 7 and 8)
but first surrounds the pipe ; (Figs. 7, 8) of the feed pump J and then passos into

page_text: a further chamber I¹ (Figs. 7, 8) containing a number of pipes through which air
passes more or less rapidly according to the movement of the vehicle.
These tubes are pierced near the back with small apertures to enable any
excess of steam to escape. The condensed water falls into the tank I" (Figs. 7, 8)
whence it is drawn by the suction pipe j¹ of the feed pump J (Figs. 2, 7, 8, 9)
which pump has a variable action caused by a connecting rod K and link k
(Figs. 2, 9) said link being jointed to a lever g (with fixed fulcrum) operated by a
knee lever J (Figs. 1, 2, and 9) by means of two cords N (Figs. 1, 2, 9).
The heated gases proceding from the furnace F (Fig: 1) completely surround
the cylinders of the motor after having surrounded the pipe B. They then escape
by the outlet pipe 63 (Figs. 1, 2, 4).
Any kind of boiler may be employed to generate the steam; in the drawings a
tubular boiler A is shewn entirely enclosed except for one or more openings to
receive the steam pipe B proceeding to the cylinders.
The metal of which the tubes and interior of the furnace is composed has a
smaller coefficient of expansion than that of the metal of the exterior walls.
The arrangements for safety consist of a pressure gauge all, one or more safety
valves and a magnetic indicator a'; for shewing the level of the water, the magnet
of which affects a magnetised needle.
Any kind of fuel may be employed, in the machine shewn the furnace is adapted
for burning hydrocarbons. It is composed of the tubular burners ƒ (Figs. 1, 13)
pierced with holes, and of a vaporising tube e¹
The reservoir E (Figs. 1, 2) for the hydrocarbon is situated above the level of
the furnace.
The combustible liquid descends by the pipe e, becomes vaporised in tube e¹
and injector c, (Figs. 2, 13), which is regulated by a needle fitted with a handle c¹
kept firm by a spring, and is connected to the pedal D by a cord d'(Figs. 1, 2, 13).
The combustible gas then enters the burners f drawing with it the necessary supply
of air.
On first starting the apparatus, the liquid fuel is vaporised by means of a
lamp G (Fig. 1) which serves as a means also of relighting the burners if they
go out.
A cone L (Figs. 2, 3) on the axle motor drives another cone N by the usual belt
mounted on an intermediate axle n which carries a pinion n (Figs. 3, 11, 12)
which operates the differential gear of the rear axle of a tricycle of the "Starley
type," or other rear driven machine.
"
The change of speed is effected by the fork P (Figs. 1, 3) which displaces the
belt p mounted on the screw a which is rotated by the motor axle by means of an
intermediate axle pl and the mitred' pinions pregulated by cords and double
lever P as shewn in Fig. 2.
The shaft n (Figs. 1, 3, 10, 11, 12) carries a brake handle and an automatic
clutching speed band in the double drum n"n".
The lever which is worked by the pedal Q and the cord Z brings in action
(through a muffled pulley and a small cable) the brake band m'at the end which is
the least tight according to the front or back travel of the vehicle; o being a fixed
fulcrum.
The drum n' is keyed upon the pinion which is loose on shaft n; said drum
bears the guide-pulley rand the fixed fulcrums ẞ and of the spiral band a which
winds itself on the drum n", this latter being keyed upon the shaft n.
When the drum n" is a motor viz. :-(when the machine is in motion) and
vehicle going forward on resistance, the band a, on account of the friction, tends
to shorten and apply itself on said drum, and drawing with it the drum n', because
the tension of the spring & is sufficient; the latter being on the least tight end.
When the drum n¹ is a motor viz. -when the machine is stopped and vehicle
going down forward, the band a tends to lengthen and does not apply itself any
more on the drum n¹¹ because the tension of spring & is then insufficient, this latter
being now on the tightest end.

page_text: If the machine is stopped in coming down backward, a applies itself or n" and
forms an automatic brake.
In order to avoid jolting which might cause undue agitation of the water in the
boiler the front and back axles are furnished with guard plates y (Figs. 1 and 3)
which are packed with cushions of india-rubber, and a similar cushion or spring is
fixed under the guiding-socket.
Another cushion y" is placed in the suspension attachment of the boiler. The
saddle is also an india-rubber bag inflated with air enclosed in.a net of thread.
The knee lever P effects the change of speed.
The knee lever J¹ regulates. the travel of the pump.
The pedal R manipulated horizontally by the heel, opens and closes the
tap b
The taps & have the form of Corliss valves and close' by spring action.
The small cylinder a is furnished with a valve all for allowing the water to
escape (shewn in Fig. 6).
The pedal
depressed in front works the tap 61; when depressed behind by the
foot or by spring it tightens the brake m.
The orifices 3, 31, 31 (Figs. 4, 5), denote the respective steam inlets of the
cylinders c, a, b.
The orifices 1, 2, 4; 11, 21, 41; 1, 2, 3¹¹; serve as inlets and exits of the steam
when passing from cylinder to cylinder.
The pedal D when depressed in front works the hydrocarbon injector.G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1.) In a steam motor for terrestrial aquatic or aerial vehicles, electric light and
all requirements of motive power the combination of three cylinders of different
dimensions wherein the steam passes successively from the smallest to the largest
one, each piston serving as a slide-valve to one of the two other cylinders, the
connections being formed with tubes which are brazed to the pistons and cylinders.
The burnt gases surrounding the steam inlet and afterwards the cylinders. The
steam pipe being sloping towards the boiler in order to form an automatic return
of water drawn towards the same, a secondary cock putting occasionally the live
steam in connection with the large cylinder or the middle one.
(2.) In a steam motor for terrestrial, aquatic or aerial vehicles, the combination
of a condensor the surface of which is formed with tubes placed parallel to the
plane of movement of the vehicle; the internal surface of said tubes being in
contact with the atmosphere through which the vehicle is moving and the external
surface in contact with the exhaust steam and in connection or not with the
atmosphere.
(3.) In a steam motor the boiler of which is heated with hydrocarbons, a fixed
lamp the flame of which is in proximity to the burner or burners, as specified.
Dated this 21st day of March 1005
.S. S. BROMHEAD,
97 Newgate Street, E.C., Agent for Applicant.