IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Terrell, of No. 51, Park Village East, Regent's
Park, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS." A communication
from abroad by Samuel St. Onge Chapleau, of New York, in the United
States of America, and A. L. Smith, of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec,
Canada
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Terrell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th July 1881.
HENRY TERRELL, of No. 51, Park Village East, Regent's Park, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS."
A communication from abroad by Samuel St. Onge Chapleau, of New York, in the
United States of America, and A. L. Smith, of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec,
Canada.
This Invention consists in improvements in the construction of that class of
anchors described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Claude Martin
and Hyppolite Martin, dated the 30th day of May 1872, No. 1632. In anchors
constructed in accordance with the Invention described in the said Specification,
the "boss" or axis of the moveable fluke arms is retained in its proper position in
the head of the shank by means of a pin which passes through the latter into a
groove or recess formed in the said "boss" or axis of the fluke arms, the said pin
working in the groove also assists in determining the angle of the flukes when the
anchor is in action. In practice however it has been found that not only is the
"boss" of the fluke arms weakened to a dangerous extent by so grooving or
recessing it, but that the groove or recess frequently becomes filled up with mud
and sand, thereby preventing the fukes assuming their proper angle and rendering
the anchor unsafe in working, and the accumulation of mud and sand cannot be
removed without withdrawing the said pin and releasing the fluke arms, an
operation of considerable difficulty at sea, and in some cases it has been found
impossible to remove the pins owing to the same rusting in their holes. The above

page_text: defects are entirely avoided in the improvements constituting this Invention, of
which the following is a description :-
:-
On the fluke arms are formed two shoulders or projections, one at each side of
the "boss" or axis, the said shoulders or projections being arranged to work within
recesses at the sides of the head of the shank. The fluke arms are maintained in
position by a plate which is inserted either from the side or through an aperture in
the top of the head of the shank into a space within the same, such space being so
situated that when the plate is inserted it will be arranged between the two
shoulders on the fluke arms. When it is desired to place the various parts of the
anchor together, one of the fluke arms is passed through the aperture in the head
of the shank, the shoulder on the said arm passing through an aperture or groove
formed through the head of the shank from one recess to the other. When the
shoulders reach the recesses the plate for securing the arms in position is then
inserted from the side into the last mentioned aperture or groove, or through the
top into an aperture provided for its reception, so as to close the aperture or groove
which existed from recess to recess between the said shoulders; the plate is then
secured in position by means of a pin or pins. The extent of the said recesses is
so regulated that when the shoulders bear against either extremity of their respec-
tive recesses the flukes will be at the proper angle for action, as will be well
understood.
By means of the improvements hereinbefore described the strength of the
anchors is greatly increased, the proper action of the flukes is always ensured,
whilst at the same time a considerable saving in the cost of manufacture is effected
as compared with that of the ordinary methods employed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Terrell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th January
1882.
HENRY TERRELL, of No. 51, Park Village East, Regent's Park, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS."
A communication from abroad by Samuel St. Onge Chapleau, of New York, in the
United States of America, and A. L. Smith, of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec,
Canada.
This Invention consists in improvements in the construction of that class of
anchors described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Claude Martin
and Hyppolite Martin, dated the 30th day of May 1872, No. 1632. In anchors
constructed in accordance with the Invention described in the said Specification,
the boss or axis of the moveable fluke arms is retained in its proper position in
the head of the shank by means of a pin which passes through the latter into a
groove or recess formed in the said boss or axis of the fluke arms; the said pin
working in the groove or recess also assists in determining the angle of the flukes
when the anchor is in action. In practice however it has been found that not only
is the boss of the flukes weakened to a dangerous extent by so grooving, or
recessing it, but that the groove or recess frequently becomes filled up with mud
and sand, thereby preventing the flukes asst ng their proper angle and rendering
the anchor unsafe in working, and the ac mulation of mud and sand cannot be
removed without withdrawing the said pin and releasing the fluke arms, an
operation of considerable difficulty at sea, and in some cases it has been found
impossible to remove the pins owing to the same rusting in their holes. The above
defects are entirely avoided in the improvements constituting this Invention, of
which the following is a description:-
On the fluke arms are formed two shoulders or projections, one at each side of
the boss or axis, the said shoulders or projections being arranged to work within
recesses at the sides of the head of the shank. The fluke arms are maintained in
position by a plate which is inserted either from the side or through an aperture in
the top of the head of the shank into a space within the same, such space being so
situated that when the plate is inserted it will be arranged between the two
shoulders on the fluke arms.
I will now proceed to refer to the accompanying Drawings from which the
nature of the said Invention will be more clearly understood. Figures 1 to 6
illustrate various parts of an anchor constructed in accordance with this Invention,
when the before mentioned plate is intended to be inserted from the side through
one of the recesses in which the shoulders work. Figure 1 is a side view of a
portion of the shank showing the flukes at the proper angle (41°) for entering the
ground, and Figure 2 is a plan of the same parts. Figure 3 is a section through
the head of the shank. The boss of the fluke arms and the shoulders on the latter
are shown at Figure 4. Figure 5 is a section through the boss of the fluke arms
taken through the line E, Figure 4, and Figure 6 shows detached views of the
plate G and pin H for fixing the same. The main portion of the fluke arms is
formed in any suitable manner, but at each side of the boss F are formed the
shoulders C which work in the recesses D formed in the sides of the head of the
shank. The extent of the said recesses is so regulated that when the shoulders C
bear against either extremity of their respective recesses D the flukes will be at
the proper angle for action, as will be well known and understood. The ends of
the plate G are bevelled, and when the plate is in position the said ends rest upon
seats bevelled in a corresponding manner in the head of the shank. When it is

page_text: desired to place the various parts of the anchor together, one of the fluke arms is
passed through the aperture in the head of the shank, one of the shoulders C
passing through the space provided for the plate G until the said shoulders
respectively reach the recesses D; the said shoulders are then brought to bear
against one end of their respective recesses, and the plate G is passed through one
of the latter into its position at g; the said plate is then secured in position by the
pin H which passes through the head of the shank. This pin can when desired be
fixed by a pin 8.
Figures 7 to 10 show the construction and arrangement of the anchor when the
plate G is intended to be inserted through an aperture U in the top of the head of
the shank. Figure 7 is a side view of a portion of the shank showing the flukes
at the proper angle. Figure 8 is a plan of the same parts. Figure 9 is a section
through the head of the shank at the line X, X, Figure 7; and Figure 10 shows
detached views of the plate G. The shoulders C and recesses Ď are formed,
substantially as herein before described. When it is desired to fix the various parts
together the shoulders C are arranged in the recesses D, and the plate G is then
placed into the aperture U, when its lower end which will be situated between
the two shoulders will rest on the boss F, and the whole of the parts are then
secured by passing the pin H through the head of the shank and the plate G.
By means of the improvements hereinbefore described the strength of the
anchors is greatly increased, the proper action of the flukes is always insured,
whilst at the same time a considerable saving in the cost of manufacture is effected
as compared with that of the ordinary methods employed for constructing anchors
of a similar nature.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which it is to be performed, I would observe in conclusion that
what I consider novel and original and therefore claim as constituting the Invention
secured to me by the said hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. In anchors of the nature hereinbefore referred to the combination of the
fluke arms B having two projections C working in recesses D formed in either side
of the head of the shank with the plate G, so constructed as to be capable of being
placed into position through one of the said recesses, substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described and set forth.
And, Secondly. In anchors of the nature bereinbefore referred to the combination
of the fluke arms B having two projections C working in recesses D formed in
either side of the head of the shank with the plate G and aperture U, substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Terrell, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty two.
H. TERRELL. (L.S.)