Improvements in and connected with Windows and Window Frames.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Windows and Window
Frames.
We, HENRY GIBBON, of 10, Atherton Street, Prescot, in the County of Lancaster,
Millwright, and WILLIAM TYRER, of Vicarage Place, Prescot, in the County of
Lancaster, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to windows and window frames, in which are upper
and lower sashes, which slide or move up and down in ways or grooves in the sides
of the frame; and it has for its object and effect to provide a construction and
arrangement of parts by which windows of this class or kind can be cleaned on the
outside surface of the glass from within the building, i.c., without having to stand or
reach outside the window. This object and effect is accomplished in the construction
and arrangement of window and parts hereafter described.
According to this invention, a window and parts connected with it, are so arranged,
constructed, and adapted to operate, that while each sash can be easily taken out of
the frame within the room, and the outside surface cleaned, and then placed back
in position, they are capable of being used, that is, either sash is capable of being
opened or closed, independently of the other, and worked in the way of ordinary sash
windows. Both sashes of the windows are balanced by a single weight at either side,
the sash cords from one sash passing over pulley in the upper part of the frame,
leading the cord to the back of the frame, then over a loose pulley on or supporting
the weight, and then up over a pulley at the other side at the top of the frame, to the
other sash to which they are fastened. The ends are fastened to the sashes at their
lower part, whereby, when the sashes are taken out of the frame, they can be more
readily turned over or about to get at the outside surface. Between this point
of fastening and the top of the sashes, the cords lie in grooves. The weights, with
the pullies on them, slide in grooves or spaces at the back of the window frame; and
access is had to them in the usual or any known suitable way, by a removable part
of the sash frame.
At the lower part of the frame inside the window, the bar or spline which
forms the inside edge of the groove or way, in which the inside sash slides, is
hinged, and opens out inwards when it is required to remove a sash, so that when the
window is pulled down, it can be drawn out of the frame and replaced in position.
Through this means or construction also, the outer sash can be taken out; and to
enable this sash to be removed from its slide or way, past the inner slide or way, the
outer slide or way for the outer sash stands or projects inwards of the outer ways or
slides, so that the two ways or slides are stepped; and the ledge thereby formed in
the middle forms a guide to the inside sash when in its normal position, whilst the
outer sash is guided in its upper part by a spline or strip projecting inwards between
the two ways.
To clean the outside surface of a window, therefore, the hinged bars or splines on
the frame are opened, and then the window sash can be taken out by pulling upon

page_text: the lower sash bar; when down, the window can be turned round and the back
surface got at. The same action holds good in respect of the outside sash for cleaning
the outside surface of it.
.
As stated, while this invention provides the advantages and facilities for cleaning
the window glass on the outside, and getting at the sashes, in the manner described,
for any desired purpose, it, at the same time, enables the window to be operated and
used with full facility, and just as ordinary sash windows; while the construction and
means which are connected with it, are both simple and inexpensive.
As á means of fastening and locking the windows, we may use on the said hinged
bars or splines referred to, hinged fastening bolts, the inside end of which works in
connection with an inclined or wedge shaped part on the frame, and they are so
adapted that when it is in operation, complete locking effect is obtained, and the
window sashes cannot be moved, and the more pressure that is exerted only tends
to render the locking or fastening effect the more secure or firm.
Dated this 19th day of February 1807
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.
Improvements in and connected with Windows and Window
Frames
We, HENRY GIBBON, of 10, Atherton Street, Prescot, in the County of Lancaster,
Millwright, and WILLIAM TYRER, of Vicarage Place, Prescot, in the County of Lan-
caster, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention has reference to windows and window frames, in which upper and
lower sashes are used, and slide or move up and down in ways or grooves in the sides
of the frame; and it has for its object and effect to provide a construction and arrange-
ment of parts by which windows of this class or kind can be cleaned on the outside
surface of the glass, from within the building, i.e. without having to stand or reach
outside the window. This object and effect is accomplished in the construction and
arrangement of window and parts hereafter described.
According to this invention, a window and parts connected with it, are so arranged,
constructed, and adapted to operate, that while each sash can be easily taken out of
the frame within the room, and the outside surface cleaned, and then placed back in
position, they are capable of being used, that is, either sash is capable of being opened
or closed, independently of the other, and worked in the way of ordinary sash windows.
Both sashes of the window are balanced by a single weight at either side, the sash
cords from one sash passing over pulleys in the upper part of the frame, leading the
cords to the back of the frame, then over loose pulleys on or supporting the
weight, and then up over pulleys at the other side at the top of the frame, to
the other sash to which they are fastened. The ends of the cord are fastened to
the sashes at their lower part, whereby, when the sashes are taken out of the
frame, they can be more readily turned over or about to get at the outside sur-
face. Between this point of fastening and the top of the sashes, the cords lie in
grooves. The weights, with the pullies on them, slide in grooves or spaces at the back
of the window frame; and access is had to them in the usual or any known suitable
way, by a removeable part of the sash frame.
At the lower part of the frame inside the window, the bar or spline which forms the

page_text: inside edge of the groove or way in which the inside sash slides, is
hinged, and opens inwards when it is required to remove a sash; so that
when the window is pulled down, it can be drawn out of the frame and replaced
in position. Through this means or construction also, the outer sash can be taken
out; and to enable this sash to be removed from its slide or way, past the inner
slide or way, the outer slide or way for the outer sash stands or projects inwards of
the outer ways or slides, so that the two ways or slides are stepped; and the ledge
thereby formed in the middle forms a guide to the inside sash when in its normal
position, whilst the outer sash is guided in its upper part by a spline or strip
projecting inwards between the two ways.
To clean the outside surface of a window, therefore, the hinged bars or splines on
the frame are opened, and then the window sash can be taken out by pulling upon the
lower sash bar; when down, the window can be turned round and the back surface
got at. The same action holds good in respect of the outside sash for cleaning the
outside surface of it.
As stated, while this invention provides the advantages and facilities for cleaning
the window glass on the outside, and getting at the sashes, in the manner described,
for any desired purpose, it, at the same time, enables the window to be operated and
used with full facility, and just as ordinary sash windows; while the construction and
means which are connected with it, are both simple and inexpensive.
:
As a means of fastening and locking the windows, we may use on the said hinged
bars or splines referred to, hinged fastening devices, the inside end of which works in
connection with an inclined or wedge shaped part on the frame, and they are so adapted
that when it is in operation, complete locking effect is obtained, and the window sashes
cannot be moved, and the more pressure that is exerted, only tends to render the
locking or fastening effect the more secure or firm.
The invention above described is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which
shew an ordinary double sash window provided with our improvements.
Figure 1 shews the window in front elevation ;
Figure 2 is an outside edge view; and
Figure 3 is a section shewing one of the sashes turned out in a position for cleaning
the outside surface of the glass.
Figure 4 is a sectional plan at A A Figure 1 ; and
Figure 5 is a sectional plan at B B Figure 1.
Figures 6 and 6ª are views of a window cramping or fastening device, according to
the invention.
Referring to the drawings, a generally designates the sashes, and b the frame of the
window. The sashes a slide up and down on the outer and inner style boards c c¹,
and are kept in position by the splines d d¹, on the outside and inside, respectively,
of the frame, and division spline d²; which is carried down only half the depth of the
window from the top of the frame: (See Figures 1 and 3).
The outer style board c is in a different plane from the inner board c¹; and conse-
quently, the width of the upper window frame, outside ineasurement, is less than that
of the lower frame; but otherwise, they are of the same size.
The lower portion of the inside guiding splines are moveable, being mounted by
hinges d³, on the face board e at either side; and upon these hinges, it may be moved
from the normal position, that is the closed position, to an open position, as shewn
in Figures 5 and 3; so as to give a clear opening, flush with the face of the inner
style board c¹, to provide a clear way for the sashes a to be moved or pulled out
of, and put into the frame.
The portion marked f, in the style boards c c¹, represents pieces in them, which are
removeable, for gaining access to the weights behind.
The balancing arrangement of the sashes shewn in the drawings consists of a single
cord h at each side, the ends of which are connected to the upper and lower sashes at a
point somewhere in the lower half of said sashes, say at h¹. It is threaded through
a pulley on a pulley block i behind the style boards, to which pulley the weight kis
hung; and the ropes pass,over style pullies fixed in the upper part of the style

page_text: boards, as usual; while the side sash bars are grooved along their sliding edges
between the upper sash bar and the points h¹, where the cords are fastened to them;
and from this point upwards the ropes lie in the grooves. Thus, a single rope and
weight is used at each side of the window, for working both sashes; and the arrange-
ment, moreover, of the cords and pullies, provides for the sashes being worked either
separately, or together, and moved to any position.
To clean the outside of the windows, the inside spline gates d¹ are opened; and
assuming it is the lower part of the window that is to be cleaned, its upper end is
pulled forward, and it describes an arc, as shewn by the dotted lines, about the points
, at which the cords are attached, and which act as centres. Obviously, in this
position as shown in Figure 3-as the outside of the glass faces the interior of the
room, it can be easily cleaned.
When the upper sash, which is also the outer one, is to be cleaned, the inner one
is pushed up into its uppermost position, and the upper one pulled down to near the
bottom; when, by pulling forward the lower sash bar, it can be drawn forward through
the window frame into the room, as there is a clear way, owing to their being no
division spline (d) at the lower part of the frame. And when in this position, it can
be turned down and about the cord fastening points h¹, as in the other sash; when
the outside of the glass will be inside the room. But even if it were not so turned
round, the outside surface of glass can be got at from within the room.
With regard to the absence of the division spline (d2) at the lower part of the
window, if this state existed in the case of an ordinary window, the
lower sash would not be supported outside; and in order to get over this,
and form a guide to the outside of the sash, so that it will be supported and can be
slid up and down, the style board or part c¹, on which the sash works, is rabetted, or is
placed in a different plane to the outside one, c; and the edge of the inwardly pro-
jecting one serves as the guide. For the top sash, the spline d² at the upper part of
the window is sufficient.
In connection with the inner guide splines (, namely, on the hinged gate portions
of these, there are window fastening devices, details of which are shewn in Figure 6.
These each consist of a lever or cam m, hinged at n to a plate o on the inner face of
the gate, and having a rounded bearing nose. The action of this device is, that, by
pulling the upper end of the lever or cam outwards, the lower part is pressed in, and
bears upon the plate p (which is preferably grooved as shown) on the face of the side
sash bars of the lower frame; and this presses the lower sash frame inwards, and the
meeting sash bars of the two sashes up against one another, and so firmly clamps the
whole window together, and entirely prevents it being rattled by the wind. Moreover,
if the lower sash pressed in an upward direction, it only makes the fastening
tighter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The herein described improvement connected with windows having sliding
window sashes, consisting of the construction of frame and parts by which either of
the said sashes can be pulled or drawn out of the frame into the room, and access
had to the outside of the glass; substantially as described.
2. In a window having sliding sashes, the combination in connection with the
sliding frame a, operating as specified, of ropes for supporting them, fastened to the
side sash bars, at a point between the upper and lower sashes, and having grooves in
said side sash bars; for the purposes set forth.
3. In a window with sliding sashes, adapted to operate as described, the combina-
tion of a hinged gate, d¹, on the lower inside guides, as set forth and shewn.
4. In a window with upper and lower sliding sashes, adapted to be drawn out of
the frame into the room, the construction of the side style boards with their sliding
or guiding faces for the inner and outer sashes in different planes; substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
5. In a window of the kind herein referred to, the employment in connection with

page_text: the lower sash, of the fastening and jambing device; as set forth and shewn in the
drawing.
6. In a window having upper and lower sliding sashes, a balancing apparatus or
device, comprising a rope, the ends of which are fastened to the upper and lower
sashes, respectively, and pass over style pullies in the upper part of the side stile
boards, and under a pulley on, or attached to, a weight; substantially as set forth
and shewn in the drawings.
7. The window having its parts constructed, arranged, and adapted to operate
particularly as shewn in and set forth with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 13th day of November 1807
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.