CERTAIN NEW CHEMICAL COMBINATIONS, AND FOR THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO FIXING ANILINE AND PIGMENT COLOURS IN PRINTING AND DYEING, TO TANNING, WATERPROOFING, AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacques Meyer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
April 1861.
I, JACQUES MEYER, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, at present
residing in the City of Manchester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN NEW CHEMICAL COMBINATIONS, AND
FOR THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO FIXING ANILINE AND PIGMENT COLOURS IN PRINTING
AND DYEING, TO TANNING, WATERPROOFING, AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES,"
a communication to me from abroad by Doctor Francis Leopold Sonnenschein,
of Berlin, aforesaid, to be as follows:-

page_text: This Invention consists in the combination of certain organic substances,
such as albumen, fibrine, glue, animal tissues, and other analogous substances,
with the oxides or salts of tungsten and molybdenum. These compounds of
tungsten and molybdenum, with the organic substances above referred to, are
produced ununited with any other material, and may be used in various branches
of industry.
When used for fixing aniline and pigment colours in printing and dyeing
textile fabrics they may be precipitated on the fabric along with the colours,
or the fabric may be previously impregnated with a solution of a salt of
tungsten or molybdenum, and printed afterwards with colours containing the
organic substances above referred to, or the component parts of the compounds
may be otherwise applied. In waterproofing fabrics and other materials the
compounds must be of a greater strength than in fixing colours.
In tanning or preparing skins and hides they are operated upon by the
oxides or salts of tungsten or molybdenum, and converted into a material
possessing the properties and uses of leather.
Although I have enumerated some of the purposes to which these com-
pounds of tungsten and molybdenum, with the organic substances above referred
to, may be applied, they máy be used for various other industrial purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jacques Meyer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th
October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACQUES
MEYER, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, at present residing in the City of
Manchester, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Jacques Meyer, Her special licence that I, the said Jacques
Meyer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Jacques Meyer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
NEW CHEMICAL COMBINATIONS, AND FOR THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO FIXING
ANILINE AND PIGMENT COLOURS IN PRINTING AND DYEING, TO TANNING. WATER-
PROOFING, AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES," a communication to me from abroad
by Doctor Francis Leopold Sonnenschein, of Berlin, aforesaid, upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that 1, the said Jacques Meyer, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
.six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacques Meyer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
.performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement (that is to say):-
The nature of this Invention consists in the combination of certain organic
substances, such as albumen, fibrine, glue, animal tissues, and other analagous
substances, with the oxides or salts of tungsten and molybdenum. These
compounds of tungsten and molybdenum with the organic substances above
referred to may be produced ununited with any other material by the following
method Equal parts by weight of albumen or glue, or of any other suitable
analagous substances, and of an alkaline tungstate or molybdate, say, of
tungstate or molybdate of soda, are dissolved in water, and the solution thus
obtained is gently heated to a temperature of about one hundred and twenty
degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer., Sulphuric or muriatic acid or any
other suitable acid or acid salt, is then added in sufficient quantity to produce
an acid reaction, and to effect the complete precipitation of the aforesaid
compounds of tungsten or molybdenum with the organic matter.
The pre-
cipitate thus obtained is repeatedly washed with water until the acid is entirely
removed, when the compound will be fit to be used in various branches of
industry. In fixing aniline and pigment colours in printing and dyeing textile
fabrics the aforesaid combinations of tungsten or molybdenum with the organic
substances may be precipitated on to the fabric along with the colours, or the
fabric may be previously impregnated with a solution of a salt of tungsten or
molybdenum and printed afterwards with colours containing the organic sub-
stances above referred to.
To illustrate the first of these methods I will describe, the preparation

page_text: of a blue colour. I take thirty parts by weight of the compound of tungsten
or molybdenum with organic matters, which has been prepared in the afore-
said manner, and dissolve it in five parts of ammonia liquor and twenty-five
parts of water. 1 then mix this solution with twenty parts of ultramarine blue
and nine parts of gum dragon water. The fabrics are then printed with this
colour in the usual way and steamed afterwards at a low pressure during ten
minutes in order to volatilise the ammonia and to fix the colour.
As an instance how colours may be fixed by the second method I will
describe the preparation of an aniline colour. I first impregnate the fabric
to be printed with a solution of either tungstate or molybdate of soda, of
a strength of four degrees of Twaddell's hydrometer, and then 1 print on it
the following colour, say, fifteen parts by weight of aniline, purple or red,
fifteen parts of acetic acid of eight degrees Twaddell; two parts of glue, two
parts of albumen, twenty parts of water, and forty-six parts of gum dragon
water. After printing the fabrics have to be steamed at a low pressure
during ten minutes.
In stiffening or waterproofing fabrics or other materials they may be
first impregnated with a solution of tungstate or molybdate of soda, of a
strength of not less than twenty degrees Twaddell previously mixed with
the corresponding quantity of glue, or an analagous substance as aforesaid,
and then passed through weak sulphuric or muriatic acid, say, of three degrees
Twaddell, in order to precipitate the waterproofing or stiffening compound on
the fabric. In tanning or preparing skins and hides they are operated upon by
the oxides or salts of tungsten or molybdenum, and converted into a material
possessing the properties and uses of leather.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The skins and hides after having
been cleansed and depilated in the usual way are immersed in a solution of
an alkaline tungstate or molybdate, say one part of the salt dissolved in ten
parts of water during twenty-four hours, after which they are taken out,
dried in the air, and afterwards immersed in weak muriatic acid to effect the
decomposition of the alkaline salt. In the same manner the skins and hides
have to be treated alternately with the aforesaid liquids until they are perfectly
converted into leather.
Having thus stated the nature of the Invention as communicated to me,
and described several processes for carrying the same into practice, I wish
it to be understood that I do not intend to limit myself to the details set
forth, as the proportions given may be varied without materially altering the
effects produced, and I declare that I claim the production of the compounds

page_text: of tungsten and molybdenum with glue or other organic substances, and the
use and application of such compounds in the manner and for the purposes
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacques Meyer, have hereto set my hand.
and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
JACQUES MEYER. (L.S.)