IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANES to be as follows:
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOSEPH WALTER LOWE of 42 Fetter Lane London, in the county of Middlesex
Joiner do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLANES to be as follows:-
"
By this invention I am able to produce an exceedingly light and serviceable
metal plane, more especially of the kinds known as "rounds and hollows."
The working face is made to the desired shape in cross section and carries upon
it a central web of about the same length as the face. Towards the centre the
casting is swelled out so as to form a recess which carries the blade wedge &c. The
recess may extend on one or both sides of the centre; the exact position varies
according to the size and characteristics of the plane.
The recess extends to the face which is slotted across to make room for the
blade.
The blade is moved up or down by a suitable screw having a milled or other
suitable head and operating by preference a nut with a projection which takes into
a hole or recesses of which there may be several in the blade.
After the blade is adjusted a wedge is pressed upon it so as to secure it by
another screw.
A suitable handle may be provided and means such as an opening in the side for
the escape of the shavings.
This plane is used like an ordinary wooden one. The screws are secured in
their places by a plate which forms a cover to the recess; this plate may be screwed
on and has preferably a central hole and two slots extending from it towards either
end. By this arrangement I can form the screw head and collar which keeps it in
place all in one piece thus strengthening the screw and lessening the cost.
The method of operating and fixing the blade may be used in wooden planes.
These metals planes can be used with the ordinary wooden wedge the recess
being shaped to suit it, but I prefer to adopt the method stated.
Dated this 17th day of Muh 100

page_text: I JOSEPH WALTER LOWE of 42 Fetter Lane, Fleet Street E.C do hereby declare
the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
By this invention I am able to produce an exceedingly light serviceable metal
plane, more especially of the kind known as "rounds and hollows."
The working face is made to the desired shape in cross section and carries upon
it a central web of about the same length as the face. Towards the centre the
casting is swelled out so as to form a recess which carries the blade wedge etcetera.
The recess may extend on one or both sides of the centre; the exact position
varies according to the size and characteristics of the plane.
The recess extends to the face which is slotted across to make room for the
blade. The blade is moved up or down by a suitable screw having a milled or
other suitable head and operating by preference a nut with a projection which
takes into a hole in the blade or recesses of which there may be several.
After the blade is adjusted a wedge is pressed upon it so as to secure it by
another screw.
A suitable handle may be provided and means such as an opening in the side for
the escape of the shavings.
This plane is used like an ordinary wooden one. The screws are secured in their
places by a plate which forms a cover to the recess; this plate may be screwed on
and has preferably a central hole and two slots extending from it towards either
end. By this arrangement I can form the screw head and collar which keeps it in
place, all in one piece, thus strengthening the screw and lessening the cost.
The method of operating and fixing the blade may be used in wooden planes.
These metal planes can be used with the ordinary wooden wedge the recess being
shaped to suit it, but I prefer to adopt the method stated.
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section and
Figure 2 is an end view of the lower portion of a form in which the shoe or
working face is removable and figure 3 is a plan of the cover plate.
A is the sole or working face, B the handle and C the central web or body the
web being thickened and swelled out at the centre portion D and recessed in a
suitable manner as shown in Figure 1 E is the iron or bit recessed at E¹ to receive
the projecting end F³ of the nut F3 which is traversed up and down by the screw F
turned by the milled head F¹. The plate H is screwed or otherwise securely fastened
to the body and is provided with a central opening K and slot L; the screws F
and G are passed through K. and moved along L to their respective places, the
milled heads F¹ and G₁ and collars and G preventing their working past the
plate H. Therefore as they are turned but cannot move up or down the nuts which
travel upon them have to go up and down.
The wedge G is shaped to fit between the iron and the wall of the recess and
when forced down jambs the iron tight in the usual manner.
The nut G³ is carried in the wedge G (which is preferably made of wood) and
works upon the screw G and it will be readily seen that as the screw G is turned

page_text: the wedge
forced in or out jambing the iron or releasing it. When the wedge G³
is slacked back the iron may be easily adjusted (drawn in or out) by turning the
screw F and it can then be fixed by the wedge. When the wedge is slacked back
the iron can be easily detached from the nut F2 and removed for sharpening
etcetera.
In figure 2 the working face A is made in the form of a detachable shoe having
in its back a dovetail groove by which it may be secured to the plane as shown in
the drawing a suitable stop preventing it from slipping off with the working of
the plane.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination with the iron or bit E of a plane, of a nut such as F' and
screw F the said nut being so connected with the bit that the traversing movement
imparted to it by the turning of the screw is transmitted to the bit substantially
in the manner specified and shown in the accompanying drawings.
2. The combination with a plane iron E recessed at E¹ of a nut E' having a
projection E engaging with the recess E¹ substantially in the manner and for the
purpose specified and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a plane the combination with the screws F and G of a cover plate H
having a central opening K and slot L extending in opposite directions from K
substantially as specified.
4. In a plane the method of operating by means of a screw the wedge which
fastens the iron.
5. A metal plane in which the body is formed of a thin web such as C swelled
or thickened at D to accomodate the bit and its appurtenances and having a sole or
working face A substantially as specified.
Dated this 17th day of Decemben 100-