IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DRYING AND STRETCHING WOVEN " PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Collier and John Crossley, both of Halifax,
in the County of York, and James William Crossley, of Brighouse, in
the Parish. of Halifax, and in the same County, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DRYING AND STRETCHING WOVEN
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Collier, John
Crossley, and James William Crossley at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 17th December 1855.
We, GEORGE COLLIER and JOHN CROSSLEY, both of Halifax, in the County
of York, & JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Brighouse, in the Parish of Halifax,
& in the same County, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DRYING AND STRETCHING WOVEN
FABRICS" to be as follows:-
In the drying of fabrics a series of cylinders are employed, heated by steam
or otherwise, partly around which the fabric to be treated is caused to pass,
and by the heat communicated to which the drying is effected; but according
to arrangements of such apparatus as at present used, all the drying cylinders
employed travel at the same surface speed, and we have found that by giving
to such cylinders as they successively act upon the fabric a slightly increasing
surface speed; a stretching is also obtained to the fabric during the process of

page_text: drying, by which beneficial effects are produced thereto. We effect this
increasing speed to the cylinders by varying the relative sizes of the driving
wheels to such cylinders; but the means for effecting this variation in the
surface speed of the cylinders may be varied, and we prefer to make the
greatest variation between the speeds of those cylinders where the fabric is
introduced, & consequently has most moisture in it, & to give but little if any
increase of speed to the cylinders which last operate; and in conducting the
fabric from the last heating cylinder we pass it in contact with a cylinder or
other surface cooled by cold water or other suitable cooling means, or we
conduct it so as to be subject to the influence of currents of cold air, so that
the same may be cooled and set before being rolled or folded.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Collier, John Crossley, and James William Crossley
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th June 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
COLLIER and JOHN CROSSLEY, both of Halifax, in the County of York, and
JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Brighouse, in the Parish of Halifax, and in the
same County, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said George Collier, John Crossley, and James William Crossley, Her special
licence that we, the said George Collier, John Crossley, and James William
Crossley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said George Collier, John Crossley, and James William Crossley, our execu-
'tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DRYING
AND STRETCHING WOVEN FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said George Collier, John Crossley, and James William Crossley, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the. hand, and seal of one of us or them, should

page_text: particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Collier, John Crossley, &
James William Crossley, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
In the drying of fabrics a series of cylinders are employed, heated by steam
or otherwise, partly around which the fabric to be treated is caused to pass,
and by the heat communicated to which the drying is effected; but according
to arrangements of such apparatus as at present used, all the drying cylinders
employed travel at the same surface speed, and we have found that by giving
to,such cylinders as they successively act upon the fabric a slightly increasing
surface speed, a stretching is also obtained to the fabric during the process of
drying, by which beneficial effects are produced thereto. We effect this
increasing speed to the cylinders by varying the relative sizes of the driving
wheels to such cylinders, but the means for effecting this variation in the
surface speed of the cylinders may be varied. The nature of such cylinders
being well understood, as well as the means of giving motion to them, and
the variations necessary in order to obtain the differences of speeds required in
carrying out our improvements being such as are ordinarily adopted in other
machinery, and which will readily be understood by any competent workman,
we have not thought it necessary to encumber this Specification by shewing
Drawings. We would, however, state, that we prefer to make the greatest
variation between the speeds of those cylinders where the fabric is introduced
to the apparatus, and consequently has most moisture in it, and to give but
little if any increase of relative speed to the cylinders which last operate:
thus, supposing there to be twelve cylinders in the apparatus to which the
variations of speed are given, and the diameter of the cylinders used is eighteen
inches, then a difference of speed which we have found to answer well in
treating coburgs and that class of fabrics is to cause the last of such cylinders
to travel at a surface speed of 4 inches faster than the first at each revolution;
but whilst the difference between the surface' speed of the first and second
cylinders would be half inch, that between the two last would be only quarter
of an inch; we do not, however, confine ourselves to these speeds, as they may
be varied, and will differ with different classes of woven fabrics. And in con-
ducting the fabric from the last heating cylinder, we pass it in contact with a
cylinder or other surface cooled by cold water or other suitable cooling means,

page_text: or we conduct it so as to be subject to the influence of currents of cold air,
so that the same may cool and set before being rolled or folded.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the means
which we adopt in carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood
that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details referred to; but what
we do claim is, the arranging apparatus employed in drying and stretching
woven fabrics, whereby an increasing surface speed may be given to the
cylinders employed, and the cooling of such fabric as it comes from such appa-
ratus is effected, as explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Collier, John Crossley, & James
William Crossley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth
day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-six.
Witness,
ADAM HENDERSON.
GEORGE COLLIER.
JOHN CROSSLEY.
(LS.)
(L.S.)
JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY. (L.S.)