APHTHARTIC- VIANDS, BEING BUTCHERS' MEAT, ANIMAL AND OTHER COMESTIBLE SUBSTANCES, PRESERVED WITHOUT ACID, SALT, OR DRYING, IN A SWEET, PALATABLE, AND NUTRI-- TIOUS STATE, FIT FOR CONSUMPTION, BOTH AT SEA AND ON LAND, FOR AN EXTRAORDI-- NARY LENGTH OF TIME,
Year: 1807

page_text: TO ALL PERSONS WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL CONCERN, I,
FRANCIS PLOWDEN, of Essex Street, near the Temple, London, Esquire, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Thirteenth day of June, in the forty-seventh year of His
reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Francis Plowden, my exors,
admors, and assigns, His especial licence, that I, the said Francis Plowden,
my exors, adiñors, and assigns, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, the
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His.
Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my newly invented "APHTHARTIC-
VIANDS, BEING BUTCHERS' MEAT, ANIMAL AND OTHER COMESTIBLE SUBSTANCES,
PRESERVED WITHOUT ACID, SALT, OR DRYING, IN A SWEET, PALATABLE, AND NUTRI--
TIOUS STATE, FIT FOR CONSUMPTION, BOTH AT SEA AND ON LAND, FOR AN EXTRAORDI--
NARY LENGTH OF TIME;" in which Letters Patent there is contained a proviso,.
obliging me, the said Francis Plowden, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said'
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause
the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Francis Plowden, do hereby declare that my said Invention for Preserving
Butchers' Meat, Animal and other Comestible Substances, in a Sweet, Pala-

page_text: table, and Nutritious State, fit for Consumption both at Sea and on Land,
without Acid, Salt, or Drying, for an extraordinary Length of Time, is per-
formed on the principles and in manner following, that is to say:-
Putrefaction is a spontaneous decomposition of the clementary component
parts of the putrefying bodies. Although the atmospheric air be not the sole
efficient cause of putrefaction, yet the contact of it evidently favors and acce-
lerates putrefaction. Consequently the preservation or security of such
bodies from the immediate contact and as much as can be from the influence
of the atmospheric air, must proportionably retard and prevent putrefaction,
which is effected by the evaporation or exhalation of elementary parts. If,
therefore, these bodies, whilst sound and untainted, can be closely enveloped
in an air-proof medium or substance, so as to prevent evaporation or exha-
lation, their decomposition must be arrested, as long as the circumambient pre-
servative continues to resist the admission and action of the air. The texture
or quality of such incrusting substance or medium of preservation must not
..only resist the effects of the atmospheric air, but it must not communicate
any noxious quality to its contents. The substance of which I form this
incrustation is very highly dried essence or extract of meat. The sub-
stanco to be preserved being dressed will preserve the longer, and it
should be put into the vessel in a cold state, and wiped dry. Care must be
had that it contain no insect, vermin, or other immediate active cause of
corruption, or any particle of inchuate putrefaction. If this essence or extract
be properly made, the advantage of its affording pleasant, wholesome, and
nutritivo soup or broth, and its general utility for all culinary purposes, will
be incalculable. The process of extracting the gelatin from the animal
.substance will be attended with this further economical effect, that it will
leave the membrane and all other parts of the animal substance (except the
earth and bone) in the immediate stato of preparation for being converted
into soup. And as to the earth of the bones, that will afford phosphoric acid,
which may be converted into that species of phosphorus which is in high
estimation, and very valuable to refiners. Every part of the substance to be
preserved should be compleatly enveloped with the extract, so that no vacuum
or interstice be left open; and it should be applied in that fusible state as to
find its way into every vacuum. The vessels are best of wood, and should be
kept as dry as possible.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Plowden, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, on this Tenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seven.
FRANCIS PLOWDEN. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Tenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord 1807, the aforesaid Francis Plowden came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and aknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Eleventh day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seven.