Improvements in Type-writers.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writers.
I, MAXIMILIAN SOBLIK, of Deurnebaan 16, Merxem, near Antwerp, Belgium,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
All typewriters known up to now have so far as I am aware, been constructed
on the principle that the operator must give the force required for operating
the machine by pressing down the keys with his fingers. This force, on account
of the large number of keys to be depressed during a day's work, amounts to
something considerable; hence it would be an important improvement to relieve
the typist of this expenditure of energy. Moreover, in existing typewriters the
keys cannot be manipulated otherwise than one after another, or, at the most
and in the case of a very few machines, two keys at a time can be manipulated.
This limitation is a great drawback to a typist wishing to operate at high speed.
Now in a typewriter according to this invention,
(1) The keys are not pressed down but are quite immovable, so that the operator
has only to place his fingers upon their surfaces, no force or heavy blow being
required to work them; and
(2) The printing of several letters may be brought about by a single operation.
An example of such a machine is represented in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation thereof; Fig. 2 is a front view; Fig. 3 is a
sectional plan; Fig. 4 is another plan of the machine with upper portions
removed; Fig. 5 shows partly in section and partly in elevation the device for
causing the type-wheel to strike the paper-cylinder; Fig. 6 shows the reversing
apparatus of the striking device in elevation; Fig. 7 shows the reversing valve
in plan and its box in horizontal section; Fig. 8 represents the machine in
cross section and shows the device for lifting the stop lever over the individual
stop-bolts and the device for releasing the escapement of the paper carriage;
Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of the lifting device taken at right angles to
Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a sectional view showing the device for lifting the paper
carriage in order to put the paper cylinder into a position to receive the upper
series of type on the type-wheel; Fig. 11 shows the carriage-moving device in
section; and Fig. 12 shows the clutch of the carriage escapement.
The machine shown comprises an annular casing (Fig. 1) which is provided
with two annular channels 2 and 3 (Fig. 3), the former of which is connected,
by a pipe 4, with an air-compressing apparatus, as a bellows, an air-pump, or
a blower. Between the two annular channels 2 and 3 there are holes 5, of which
there are half as many as there are characters to be printed. Each of the holes 5
is connected at the bottom by a port 6 with the channel 2, and somewhat higher
by another port with the channel 3. With each of these holes there are con-
nected a pipe 8 and a key 9. In the holes there are small pistons 10 having
at their upper ends small bolts 12 that enter a plate 11. In the ordinary course
of action the pistons allow the air to escape from the channel 2 through the
keys to a moderate extent. A cylinder 14 communicates through a port 13
with the annular channel 3. A plunger 15 in the cylinder 14 acts upon a

page_text: lever 17 which moves a catch 16 which, when at rest, holds an arm 18 connected
with the rotary part of a motor for turning the type-wheel. This motor com-
prises a cylindrical casing 19 in which a slightly conical rotary body 21 that
runs between antifriction balls 20 is so arranged as to leave, between the rotary
and the fixed part, an annular space which is divided, by a fixed partition 22
(Fig. 3) into two parts, one of which communicates, through an opening 23,
with the air compressor, whilst the other communicates, through an opening 24,
with the outer air. In slots in the rotary part 21, with which, as already men-
tioned, the arm 18 is connected, there are arranged two slides 25 which are
always pressed outward by springs 26 and separate the said annular space, what-
ever be the position of the rotary part, into a working space and an outlet. On
the spindle 27 of the rotary part there is mounted a stop lever 28 which can
be moved up and down but not turned on the spindle also one part of a
universal joint 29 the other part of which is connected with the spindle 30 of
the type wheel 31. The spindle 30 is borne in a frame 32 fastened to a hori-
zontal shaft 34 which rests in bearings 33 (Fig. 2) and which is turned by means
of a cam 35 (Figs. 5 and 6) that rests on the rod 36 of a piston 38 in a cylinder 37
as soon as the piston 38 is lifted by a supply of compressed air. In order to
cause this supply to take place at the right moment ie., not before the type
wheel has rotated into the desired position-the cylinder 37 is connected by
a pipe 39 with a reversing valve box 40 (Figs. 6 and 7) which is supplied through
a pipe 41 communicating through a pipe 42, (Fig. 1) with an annular channel 43
provided in the casing 19 of the rotary motor. The channel 43 can be connected
by ports 44 and 45 in the rotary part 21 of the motor, and a suitable reversing
mechanism, with an annular channel 47 which is provided in the casing 19
and which communicates through a pipe 46 with the air compressor.
reversing mechanism comprises a cylinder 48 (Figs. 1 and 3) which is secured
to the rotary body 21 and which has an inlet and an outlet in the same vertical
plane and a piston valve 50 provided with a peripheral groove 49. A fork 51
loose on the spindle 27 of the rotary motor is normally kept, by a spring 53,
which strikes against a projection 52 attached to the rotary part 21, in such
a position as to cause the valve 50 to prevent the air from passing from the
port 45 to the port 44. The piston-valve 55 in the reversing cylinder 40 has a
peripheral groove 54 and its normal position is such that the air entering
through the pipe 41 can pass through the cylinder 40 into the pipe 39.
position is secured by a frame 56 which is loose on the shaft 34 and which
bears against the ends of the valve 55 and is reversed by the cam 35. For this
purpose, on the one hand, small rods 57 are arranged on opposite sides of the
shaft 34 to push alternately a lever 59, which acts as a detent in regard to
the frame 56 and is pulled by a spring 58, and, on the other hand, the frame 56
is provided with a spring 60 (Figs. 2 and 6) which is connected to a third arm
of the cam 35, and which causes the frame to tuin in accordance with the
movements of the cam.
The
This
For turning back the shaft 34, and thereby also the type wheel, a spring 61
is used, which operates as soon as the valve 55 is reversed and is in such a
position that the air that has previously entered can escape through the outlet 62
of the box 40. To enable the machine to continue to work after a letter has
been printed the stop lever 28 must be released again without its being neces-
sary to move the stop 12 that would otherwise prevent the onward movement
of the lever 28. For this purpose there is provided a device comprising a
crank 63 (Fig. 8) which is fixed on the shaft 34 and has a pin 64 that enters
the fork 65 of a bolt 66 which has, at its lower end, a catch 67 arranged to
engage with a spring catch 68 which is provided in an lever 70 mounted on a
pin 69. Between stops on an arm of this lever there engages a lever 72 which
is mounted on a pivot 71 and which engages with its forked end on a groove 78
on the boss of the stop-lever 28. To ensure that the lever 28 will fall down
immediately on passing the bolt 12, which is necessary in order to prevent it

page_text: from passing over subsequent stop-bolts, a plate 74 has been arranged above
the plate 11 with downwardly projecting pins 75 which are arranged with their
axes in the interval between every two successive stop bolts so as to allow the
lever, when lifted, to turn only by a fractional part of the distance two consecutive
stop-bolts.
Having specified how the device for operating the type-wheel, and its moving
and stopping mechanisms act, I will now describe the details of the paper
carriage movement, and the shifting-device for printing small letters and
capitals or figures.
by a
Three different devices are provided for the three different motions of the
carriage namely the motion of moving forward by the distance apart of two
letters, further longitudinal movements of the paper-cylinder, and returning at
the end of a line. The letter-spacing movement is effected automatically, as
with all other type-writers, every time a letter has been printed, and for this
purpose the paper carriage is provided with an extension 76 (Fig. 4) behind
which works a plunger 77 located in a cylinder 78. The space in the cylinder
which is behind the plunger is connected with a reversing valve box 80 (Fig. 11)
pipe 79 the normal position of the piston valve 81 of the box 80 is such
that its peripheral groove $2 allows the air to pass from a pipe 83, which is
connected with the compressor, into the pipe 79. The carriage would thus be
continually pushed forward from the right to the left, if it were not prevented
by the toothed wheel 85 (Figs. 1 and 4), which engages in a rack 84. The
toothed wheel 85 is loose on the spindle S86 (Figs. 1 and 12) of an escapement
wheel 88 which is controlled by a pallet-plate 87; and the toothed wheel 85
is coupled with the spindle 86 by means of a ratchet wheel 89, which is fixed
on the spindle 86, and of pawl 90, in such a manner that the rack, which is
pushed from right to left, cannot turn the toothed wheel S5 in the direction
indicated by the arrow in Fig. 12 unless the escapement wheel be disengaged,
whilst when the rack moves from the left to the right the toothed wheel 85
can always turn independently of the escapement wheel. The pallet-plate S7
is connected by a rod 91 with the lever 70 by which, when the type-wheel
moves from the paper cylinder, the escapement is released so that the paper
carriage can advance by one tooth.
To move the carriage further forward without striking the space-key, a
special key 92 is provided, the pipe of which 93 (Fig. 8) runs to the bottom
of a cylinder 94 that communicates with the air compressor by a second pipe.
The plunger 95 of the cylinder 94 acts upon a lever 96 the forked end of which
catches the rim of the socket 97 connected with the escapement wheel 88.
For the purpose of returning the carriage at the end of a line, there is a
key 98, the pipe of which, 99, runs to the bottom of the reversing valve box 80.
This valve box is connected both with the air-compressor by the pipe 100, and
by the pipe 101, with the cylinder 102. (Figs. 4 and 11) the plunger 103 of
which strikes against an extension 104 of the carriage at the right and pushes
the carriage forward on getting out of the cylinder.
Finally the shifting device comprises a key 105 (Fig. 10) which communicates
through a pipe 106 with a cylinder 107 which is joined to the compressor by a
pipe 108. The plunger 109 of the cylinder 107 "acts upon a lever 110 which
is fixed on a shaft 111 on which an arm 112 is mounted, the outer end of which
is provided with a knob 114 which acts the underside of a strip 113 of the paper-
carriage. According to the position of the plunger 109, the paper cylinder is
in the lower or the upper position, so that when the type-wheel strikes on it.
a letter of the lower or the upper series will be printed. The lower end of
the lever 110 is provided with a pin 115 which, when the plunger is moved
outwards, engages in a notch 116 of a lever 117 and prevents the lever 110 from
returning and the paper carriage from falling down, even if the outlet of the
shift key 105 has been opened. It will not be possible, indeed for the paper
carriage to fall down before a letter has been printed, that is to say, until the

page_text: lever 70 snaps below the catch 118 of the lever 117 and lifts it so as to release
pin 115 when the type wheel goes back.
The
The machine works as follows:-When it is operated, a constant supply of
compressed air from the compressor enters the pipe 4 and passes thence into
the annular channel 2 and through the ports 6, escaping in small quantities
below the plungers 10 through the pipes 8 and the keys 9. If a letter is to
be typed, a finger is put on the proper key to close its outlet. The air con-
tained in the corresponding pipe 8 is then compressed so that the plunger 10
with its stop 12 is lifted, and the latter stands up out of the plate 11.
plunger now opens the port and the compressed air passes into the channel 3
and thence through the port 13 into the cylinder 14 pressing out the plunger 15
which pushes the lever 17, which, in its turn, draws the catch 16 back for a moment,
thus releasing the arm 18 and allowing the motor to act. The motor receives,
through the port 13, a continuous supply of compressed air which now turns
the rotary part 21 until the stop-lever 28 strikes against the bolt 12 that stands
up out of the plate 11. At the same moment, however, the fork 51 (Fig. 3),
owing to the elasticity of the spring 53 and the vis viva of the rotary body 21,
moves the slide 50 on until its peripheral groove 49 allows the air to pass from
the pipe 46, which is fed by the compressor, to the pipe 42, and further through
the pipe 41 into the valve box 40, to pass under and raise the piston 38 and
thereby to turn the cam 35 and the shaft 34. The type wheel 31, which is
fastened to the shaft 34, is thus caused to strike against the paper cylinder.
After this has been done, the cam 35 presses down the rod 57 on the left and
this again presses down the lever 59 so as to release the frame 56, which is then
turned by the spring 60 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 6, thus
reversing the valve 55, which is kept in the position into which it is
thus brought, by the lever 59 that strikes against the right lower
edge, until the compressed air has escaped through the outlet pipe 62
and the type wheel has been drawn by the spring 61 into its original position.
As the type wheel returns, the cam 35 pushes the rod 57 on the right and
again releases the lever 59, so that the spring 60 can move the valve 55 into
its original position. The shaft 34, on turning to make the type wheel strike,
lifts, by means of the crank 63 (Figs. 8,9 and 10) the bolt 66, whose catch 67
engages with the spring catch 68. On the backward motion, however, the
catch 67 pushes the spring catch 68 and causes the lever 70 to move about its
axis so as also to move the lever 72, which is engaged by the lever 70, and
thus lift the stop lever 28 over the bolt 12 that stops it. The rotary motor now
turns the type-wheel further until either the arm 18 is caught by the catch 16,
or, if several keys are struck at the same time, the stop lever 28 is caught by
the next bolt 12 which is pressed out, whereupon the same cycle will commence
again.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
I. MAXIMILIAN SOBLIK, of Deurnebaan 16, Merxem, near Antwerp, Belgium,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:.
-
This invention relates to a pneumatic type-writer provided with fixed per-

page_text: Fig. 4 is another plan of the machine with upper portions removed;
Fig. 5 shows partly in section and partly in elevation the device for causing
the type-wheel to strike the paper-cylinder:
Fig. 6 shows the reversing apparatus of the striking-device in elevation;
Fig. 7 shows the reversing valve in plan and its box in horizontal section:
Fig. 8 represents the machine in cross section and shows the device for lifting
the stop-lever over the individual stop-bolts and the device for releasing the
escapement of the paper-carriage;
Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of lifting device taken at right angles to Fig. 8;
Fig. 10 is a part sectional view showing the device for lifting the paper-
carriage in order to put the paper-cylinder into a position to receive the upper
series of type on the type-wheel;
Fig. 11 shows the carriage-moving device in section; and
Fig. 12 shows the clutch of the carriage escapement.
The machine shown comprises an annular casing 1 (Fig. 1) which is provided
with two annular channels 2 and 3 (Fig. 3), the former of which is connected
by a pipe 4, with an air-compressing apparatus, as a bellows, an air-pump, or
a blower. Between the two annular channels 2 and 3 there are holes 5, of which
there are half as many as there are characters to be printed. Each of the holes
is connected at the bottom by a port 6 with the channel 2, and somewhat
higher by another port 7 with the channel 3. With each of these holes there are
connected a pipe 8 and a key 9. In the holes there are small pistons 10 having
at their upper ends small bolts 12 that enter a plate 11. In the ordinary course
of action the pistons 10 allow the air to escape from the channel 2 through
the keys to a moderate extent. A cylinder 14 communicates, through a port 13,
with the annular channel 3 and is provided with an exhaust port midway of its
length. A plunger 15 in the cylinder 14 acts upon a lever 17 which moves a
sliding catch 16 by means of a pawl mounted on the outer end of the catch and
adapted to allow the lever 17 to return to its normal position after having passed
the noose of the pawl in moving outwards. The catch 16, when at rest, holds
an arm 18 connected with the rotary part of a motor for turning the type-
wheel. This motor comprises a cylindrical casing 19 in which a slightly conical
rotary body 21 that runs between antifriction balls 20 is so arranged as to leave,
between the rotary and the fixed part, an annular space which is divided, by
a fixed partition 22 (Fig. 3) into two parts one of which communicates through
an opening 23, with the air compressor whilst the other communicates, through
an opening 24 with the outer air. In slots in the rotary part 21 with which,
as already mentioned, the arm 18 is connected, there are arranged two slides 25
which are always pressed outward by springs 26 and divide the said annular
space, whatever be the position of the rotary part, into a working space and an
outlet. On the spindle 27 of the rotary part there is mounted a stop-lever 28

page_text: which can be moved up and down but cannot be turned on the spindle. Also
one part of an universal joint 29 the other part of which is connected with the
spindle 30 of the type-wheel 31. The spindle 30 is carried in a frame 32
fastened to a horizontal shaft 34 which rests in bearings 33 (Fig. 2) and which
is turned by means of a lever arm 35 (Figs. 5 and 6) that rests on the rod 36
of a piston 38 in a cylinder 37 as soon as the piston 38 is lifted by a supply
of compressed air. In order to cause this supply to take place at the right
moment i.e. not before the type-wheel has rotated into the desired position-the
cylinder 37 is connected by a pipe 39 with a reversing valve box 40 (Figs. 6
and 7) which is supplied through a pipe 41 communicating through a pipe 42,
(Fig. 1) with an annular channel 4 provided in the casing 19 of the rotary
motor. The channel 43 can be connected by ports 44 and 45 in the rotary
part 21 of the motor, and a suitable reversing mechanism, with an annular
channel 47 which is provided in the casing 19 and which communicates through
a pipe 46 with the air-compressor. The reversing mechanism comprises a
cylinder 48 (Figs. 1 and 3) which is secured to the rotary body 21 and which
has an inlet and an outlet in the same vertical plane and a piston valve 50
provided with a peripheral groove 49. A fork 51 loose on the spindle 27 of
the rotary motor is normally kept, by a spring 53, which strikes against a
projection 52 attached to the rotary part 21, in such a position as to cause the
valve 50 to prevent the air from passing from the port 45 to the port 44. The
piston-valve 55 in the reversing cylinder 40 has a peripheral groove 54 and its
normal position is such that the air entering through the pipe 41 can pass
through the cylinder 40 into the pipe 39. This position is insured by a frame 56
which is loose on the shaft 34 and which bears against the ends of the valve 55
and is reversed by the lever arm-35. For this purpose, on the one hand, small
rods 57 are arranged on opposite sides of the shaft 34 to push alternately a
lever 59, which acts as a detent in regard to the frame 56 and is pulled by
spring 58, and, on the other hand, the frame 56 is provided with a spring 60
(Figs. 2 and 6) which is connected to a third arm of the lever 35, and which
causes the frame to turn in accordance with the movements of the lever.
a
For turning back the shaft 34, and thereby also the type-wheel, a spring 61
is used, which operates as soon as the valve 55 is reversed and is in such a
position that the air that has previously entered can escape through the
outlet 62 of the box 40. To enable the machine to continue to work after a
letter has been printed the stop-lever 28 must be released again without its
being necessary to move the stop 12 that would otherwise prevent the onward
movement of the lever 28. For this purpose there is provided a device com-
prising a crank 63 (Figs. 8 and 9) which is fixed on the shaft 34 and has a
pin 64 that enters the fork 65 of a bolt 66 which has, at its lower end, a catch 67
arranged to engage with a spring catch 68 which is provided in a lever 70
mounted on a pin 69. Between stops on an arm of this lever there engages a
lever 72 which is mounted on a pivot 71, which engages with its forked end
in a groove 73 on the boss of the stop-lever 28. To ensure that the lever 28
will fall down immediately on passing the bolt 12, which is necessary in order
to prevent it from passing over subsequent stop-bolts, a plate 74 has been
arranged above the plate 11 with downwardly projecting pins 75 which are
arranged with their axes in the intervals between every two successive stop-
bolts so as to allow the lever, when lifted, to turn only by a fractional part of
the distance between two consecutive stop-bolts.
Having specified how the device for operating the type-wheel, and its moving
and stopping mechanisms act, I will now describe the details of the paper
carriage movement, and the shifting-device for printing small letters and
capitals or figures.
Three different devices are provided for the three different motions of the
carriage namely the motions of moving forward by the distance apart of two
letters, further longitudinal movements of the paper-cylinder, and returning at

page_text: the end of a line. The letter-spacing movement is effected automatically;us
with all other type-writers, every time a letter has been printed, and for this
purpose the paper carriage is provided with an extension 76 (Fig. 4) behind
which works a plunger located in a cylinder 78. The space in the cylinder
which is behind the plunger is connected with a reversing valve box 80 (Fig: 11)
by a pipe 79; the normal position of the piston valve Si of the box 80 is such
that its peripheral groove 82 allows the air to pass from a pipe 83, which is
connected with the compressor, into the pipe 79. The carriage would thus be
continually pushed forward from the right to the left, if it were not prevented
by the toothed wheel 85 (Figs. 1 and 4), which engages in a rack 84.
The
toothed wheel 85 is loose on the spindle 86 (Figs. 1 and 12) of an escapement
wheel SS which is controlled by a pallet-plate 87; and the toothed wheel 85.
is coupled with the spindle 86 by means of a ratchet wheel 89, which is fixed
on the spindle 86, and of a pawl 90, in such a manner that the rack, which is
pushed from right to left, cannot turn the toothed wheel 85 in the direction
indicated by the arrow in Fig. 12 unless the escapement wheel be disengaged,
whilst when the rack moves from the left to the right the toothed wheel 85
can always turn independently of the escapement wheel. The pallet plate 87
is connected by a rod 91 with the lever 70 by which, when the type-wheel
moves from the paper cylinder, the escapement is released so that the paper-
carriage can advance by one tooth.
.
To move the carriage further forward without striking the space-key, as is
necessary in hitherto known machines a special key 92 is provided, the pipe
of which 93 (Fig. 8) leads the bottom of a cylinder 94 that communicates with
the air compressor by a second pipe. The plunger 95 of the cylinder 94 acts.
upon a lever 96 the forked end of which engages the flange of the sleeve 97
connected with the escapement wheel 88.
For the purpose of returning the carriage at the end of a line, there is a
key 98, the pipe of which, 99, leads to the bottom of the reversing valve box 80.
This valve box is connected both with the air-compressor by the pipe 100, and
by the pipe 101, with the cylinder 102, (Fig. 4 and 11) the plunger 103 of
which strikes against an extension 104 of the carriage at the right and pushes.
the carriage forward on getting out of the cylinder.
Finally the shifting device comprises a key 105 (Fig. 10) which communicates
through a pipe 106 with a cylinder 107 which is joined to the compressor by a
pipe 108. The plunger 109 of the cylinder 107 acts upon a lever 110 which
is fixed on a shaft 111 on which an arm 112 is mounted, the outer end of which
is provided with a knob 114 which acts upon the underside of a bar 113 of the paper-
carriage. According to the position of the plunger 109, the paper-cylinder is
in the lower or the upper position, so that when the type-wheel strikes on it,
a letter of the lower or the upper series will be printed. The lower end of
the lever 110 is provided with a pin 115 which, when the plunger is moved
outwards, engages in a notch 116 of a lever 117 and prevents the lever 110 from
returning and the paper carriage from falling down, even if the outlet of the
shift key 105 has been opened. It will not be possible, indeed for the paper
carriage to fall down before a letter has been printed, that is to say, until the
lever 70 snaps below the catch 118 of the lever 117 and lifts it so as to release
the pin 115 when the type-wheel goes back.
The machine works as follows:-When it is operated, a constant supply of
compressed air from the compressor enters the pipe 4 and passes thence into
the annular channel 2 and through the ports 6, escaping in small quantities
below the plungers 10 through the pipes 8 and the keys 9. If a letter is to
be typed a finger is put on the proper key to close its outlet. The air con-
tained in the corresponding pipe 8 is then compressed so that the plunger 10
with its stop 12 is lifted, and the latter stands up out of the plate 11.
plunger now opens the port 7 and the compressed air passes into the channel 3
and thence through the port 13 into the cylinder 14 pressing out the plunger 15
The

page_text: which pushes the lever 17, which, in its turn, draws the catch 16 back for a moment,
thus releasing the arm 18 and allowing the motor to act. The motor receives,
through the port 13, a continuous supply of compressed air which now turns
the rotary part 21 until the stop lever 28 strikes against the bolt 12 that stands
up out of the plate 11. At the same moment, however, the fork 51 (Fig. 3),
owing to the elasticity of the spring 53 and the vis viva of the rotary body 21,
moves the slide 50 on until its peripheral groove 49 allows the air to pass from
the pipe 46, which is fed by the compressor, to the pipe 42, and further through
the pipe 41 into the valve box 40 so as to pass under and raise the piston 38 and
thereby to turn the lever 35 and the shaft 34. The type-wheel 31, which is
fastened to the shaft 34, is thus caused to strike against the paper-cylinder.
After this has been done, the lever-arm 30 presses down the rod 57 on the left, and
this again presses down the lever 59 so as to release the frame 56, which is then
turned by the spring 60 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 6, thus
reversing the valve 55, which is kept in the position into which it is
thus brought, by the lever 59 that strikes against the right lower
edge, until
the compressed air has escaped through the outlet pipe 62
and the type-wheel has been drawn by the spring 61 into its original position.
As the type-wheel returns, the lever-arm 35 pushes the rod 57 on the right and
again releases the lever 59, so that the spring 60 can move the valve 55 into
its original position. The shaft 34, on turning to make the type-wheel strike,
lifts, by means of the crank 63 (Figs. 8, 9 and 10) the bolt 66, whose catch 67
engages with the spring catch 68. On the backward motion, however, the
catch 67 pushes the spring catch 6S and causes the lever 70 to move about its
axis so as also to move the lever 72, which is engaged by the lever 70, and
thus lift the stop-lever 28 over the bolt 12 that stops it. The rotary motor now
turns the type-wheel further until either the arm 18 is caught by the catch 16,
or, if several keys are struck at the same time, the stop lever 28 is caught by
the next bolt 12 which is pressed out, whereupon the same cycle will commence
again.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a type-writer, a perforated key, an air compressor connected therewith,
a type-wheel, and means for rotating the type-wheel by the compressed air, when
the aperture in the key is closed, substantially as specified.
2. In a type-writer, a perforated key, an air compressor connected therewith,
a type-wheel, and means for rotating and inclining the type-wheel by the com-
pressed air when the aperture in the key is closed, substantially as specified.
3. In a type-writer, a perforated fixed key, an air duct communicating there-
with, a compressed air pipe, and a piston between said pipe and the air duct,
all being so constructed that the piston is raised by the air pressure when the
aperture in the perforated key is closed, substantially as specified.
4. In a type-writer, a perforated fixed key, an air duct communicating there-
with a compressed air pipe, an intervening cylinder and piston, a second cylinder
and piston, a compressed air passage between the cylinder, a rotary motor and
motor releasing mechanism actuated by the second piston, substantially as
specified.
5. In a type-writer, a perforated key, and a compressed air inlet pipe coni-
bined with a rotary motor actuated by the compressed air, a cylindrical case
surrounding the rotating part, a partition and air ports in the working space
between the rotating portion and the casing, and a slide that traverses said
space, substantially as specified.
6. In a type-writer, a perforated key, a compressed air inlet pipe, a rotary
motor actuated by the compressed air, a surrounding casing having ports for
compressed air, a pivoted type-wheel, a cylinder and piston for oscillating the type-

page_text: wheel, a fork pivoted on the motor shaft, and a piston actuated by the fork and
adapted to admit compressed air to the cylinder, substantially as specified.
7. In a type-writer, a perforated key, a compressed air inlet pipe, a paper
carriage, a pair of compressed air cylinders 78 & 102 and enclosed pistons 77 & 103,
the cylinder 78 being in constant communication with the compressed air inlet-
so as to advance the carriage, and the cylinder 102, being adapted to be con-
nected to said inlet so as to return the carriage, substantially as specified.
8. The improved type-writer shewn in and described with reference to the
drawings.
Dated this 24th day of July 1900.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.