IMPROVEMENTS, IN ROOF LAMPS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Harrison Doty, of 15, Bury Street, Saint
James', in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and Edmund
Thomas Gardner, of 453, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Lamp Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS, IN ROOF
LAMPS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES.”
Scaled the 22nd October 1872, and dated the 24th April 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Harrison. Doty
. and Edmund Thomas Gardner at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th April 1872..
We, HENRY HARRISON DOTY, of 15, Bury Street, Saint James', in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and EDMUND. THOMAS, GARDNER,
of 453, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Lamp Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROOP LAMPS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES," to be as follows::
These improvements, consist in the addition of an oval cone to the
common ordinary oil lamp used for lighting railway carriages from
the roof, by means of which cone the vegetable or animal oil used-for

page_text: burning can be replaced by mineral oil. To the ordinary flat wick
burner suspended from the oil box in the common lamp as above named
we attach in a suitable manner an oval cone (or saddle cone) open at
the top and bottom preferably by resting its longest extremitics on the
oil tubes, its conical oval top surrounding the flat wick burner, leaving
sufficient space to allow a current of air to pass round the flame.
By this means the requisite amount of air is given so that the mineral
oil may be burnt without smoking as it would if used in the ordinary
carriage lamp of the railways with the flat wick adapted for burning
vegetable or animal oil.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Harrison Doty and Edmund Thomas Gardner
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd October. 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
HARRISON DOTY, of 15, Bury Street, Saint James', in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, and ЕDMUND THOMAS GARDNER, of 453, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Lamp Manufacturer, sond greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Hor
Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty.
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Henry Harrison Doty and Edmund Thomas
Gardner, Her special license, that we, tho said Henry Harrison Doty
and Edmund Thomas Gardner, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Henry Harrison Doty and Edmund
Thomas Gardner, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for “ IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOF LAmps for RailWAY CARRIAGES," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Henry Harrison Doty and
Edmund Thomas Gardner, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our or. their hands and seals, or under the hand:
and seal of one of us or them, should particularly. describe and ascertain a

page_text: the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Harrison Doty and Edmund
Thomas Gardner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:-
'
These improvements consist in the addition of an oval cone made of
thin sheet metal or other suitable material to the common ordinary oil
lamp used for lighting railway carriages from the roof, by means of
which cone the vegetable or animal oil used for burning can be replaced
by mineral oil.
ว
To the ordinary flat wick burner suspended from the oil box in the
common lamp as above named we attach in a suitable manner an oval
cone (or saddle cone) open at the top and bottom, preferably by resting
its longest extremities on the oil tubes, its conical oval top surrounding
the flat wick burner, leaving sufficient space to allow a current of air
to pass round the flame. By this means the requisite amount of air
is given, so that the mineral oil may be burnt without smoking as it
would if used in the ordinary carriage lamp of the railways with the flat
wick adapted for burning vegetable or animal oil.
The Invention will be clearly understood by the following detailed
description, and by reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which
Figure 1 is an elevation of the cone divided into two parts for the
convenience of cleaning the lamp, and shewing. the top of the wick and
part of the wick. movement; Figure 2 is a plan of the cone and wick;
Figure 3 is an elevation of part of the railway roof lamp, shewing the
glass in section, the oil conductors and feeder in section, the lower part
of the cone only in section, and the wick holder in elevation. The same
letters refer to the like parts in all the Drawings.
In Figure 3, 6 is the lamp glass in section; c, c, the oil conductors,
and c¹ the feeder in common use, shewn in section; the wick holder dis
attached to the cone a, and the cone a is kept in place by resting at
the part 9, 9, on the oil conductors c, c, it is also retained in its vertical
position by the lower part of the wick holder & entering into the oil
"

page_text: •
feeder c', the upper part of the cone a¹, Figure 1, rests upon the lower
part of the cone a, supported at the points f,f, by the small projectionsƒ,f,
and by fitting closely upon the lower part.
The object of dividing the cone into two parts is for greater facilities
in cleaning, and in some measure to stop the conduction of the heat 5
to the lower part; when the cone is in two parts and fits properly the
draught is equally good as when the cone is made in one single piece,
In cases where the lamps are subject to rough usage and not properly
attended to it will be preferable to make the cone in one piece.
The action of the lamp enabling it to burn heavy hydrocarbon oils 1
without smoking is due to the draught caused by the cone, which may
be called an inverted chimney, the large bulk of warm air enclosed by
the cone forcing its way with great rapidity through the narrow aperture
surrounding the wick, which is shewn more clearly in e, Figure 2.
Where it is desired to use the common oil this addition of the cone 1
will also be found a great improvement, but in this case the aperture
in the top of the cone must be rather larger than when used with
mineral oil,
The cono in place of being rounded at its ends might have a rect-
angular section, but the oval form will be found most convenient to 2
manufacturers,
Having thus described our Invention and the means of performing
the same, we wish it to be understood that we claim the application and
use of an oval shaped cone or rectangular shaped cone to the ordinary
roof lamp of railway carriages, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Harrison Doty and Edmund
Thomas Gardner, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this
Eighteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two.
HENRY HARRISON DOTY.
(L.S.)
EDMUND THOMAS GARDNER (L.S.)