Improvements in and relating to Water Closets and Means of Flushing and Cleansing same.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb.. 1 91
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Oct., 1891-Accepted, 28th Nov.. 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Water Closets and Means of
Flushing and Cleansing same.
We GEORGE CLARKE, JOSEPH CLARKE and MARK CLARKE, all of Nordon
Fire Clay Works, Rishton, in the County of Lancaster Fire Clay Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in closets and in the method of, and
means employed for flushing, and cleansing the same by the use of waste water
from slop stones, wash houses, baths, roofs, and other available sources, and to
appliances connected therewith, and consists
Firstly. Of improvements in the means of operating single automatic tippers
whereby the top only of the same comes in contact with the stop piece when
flushing or tipping.
Secondly. To improvements in the construction and configuration of the wash out
basins of closets by the use of which the flush of water from the single automatic
tipper will thoroughly wash and cleanse the sides, and bottom of the basin; and
Thirdly. To an improved cover or guard to be placed over the tipper box
containing the tipper which cover can readily be removed for inspection or
removal of the tipper without the necessity of disarranging or disconnecting any
of the pipes.
According to this our said invention the single automatic tipper is mounted and
carried in bearings as ordinary, but the "stop pieces" are so arranged and placed
that the top only of the tipper comes in contact with or touch the tipper box at
any point, the top edge or edges of the tipper simply stopping against the "stop
pieces," and the sudden stopping of the tipper at its upper edge tends to throw
out the water contained therein with greater force and practical effect.
The tipper not coming in contact with any hard substance may be made of
glass without there being danger of breakage, or it may be made of metal or
earthenware.
The basin of the closet is in plan of horseshoe shape, having straight and
gradually widening sides from the flush pipe entrance to about the centre of the
basin, and by so shaping same the flush of water from a single tipper will effectually
wash the sides and bottom of the basin the latter being inclined from about its
centre to the mouth of the flush entrance, and being formed without lip or ridge
he flush has greater practical force than heretofore available and the basin is kept
quite clean. A trap as ordinary is placed between the basin and main drain.
he top of the basin we form a circular socket into which an extension pipe may be
ixed so as to come close under the closet seat.
At
The improved cover to be placed over the tipper box and tipper consists of a
late or cover made preferably in two portions or sections, each section having a
emicircular, or other shaped recess formed in it so that when the cover is in
osition an opening is left for the passage of the pipe conveying water to the
ipper; and by thus arranging the cover in sections a portion, or the whole may
eadily be removed for inspecting or repairing the tipper box or tipper without the
ecessity of disconnecting any of the pipes.
The cover or a part thereof can quickly be replaced in position when required.
Dated this 27th day of January 1891.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Water Closets and Means of
Flushing and Cleansing same.
We GEORGE CLARKE, JOSEPH CLARKE and MARK CLARKE all of Nordon
Fire Clay Works, Rishton in the County of Lancaster Fire Clay Manufacturers
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and, ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in closets and in the method of and
means employed for flushing, and cleansing the same by the use of waste water
from slop stones, wash houses, baths, roofs, and other available sources, and to
appliances connected therewith, and consists
Firstly. Of improvements in the means of operating single automatic tippers
whereby the top only of the same comes in contact with the stop piece when
flushing or tipping.
Secondly. To improvements in the construction and configuration of the wash out
basins of closets by the use of which the flush of water from the single automatic
tipper will thoroughly wash and cleanse the sides, and bottom of the basin and
Thirdly. To au improved cover or guard to be placed over the tipper box
containing the tipper which cover can readily be removed for inspection of the
tipper and tipper box without the necessity of disarranging or disconnecting any
of the pipes.
According to this our said invention the single automatic tipper is mounted and
carried in bearings as ordinary, but the "stop pieces" are so arranged and placed
that the top only of the tipper comes in contact with or touches the stop piece, or
pieces and the sudden stopping of the tipper at its upper edge tends to throw out
the water contained therein with greater force and practical effect.
The tipper not coming in contact with any hard substance may be made of
glass without there being danger of breakage, or it may be made of metal or
earthenware.
The basin of the closet is in plan of horseshoe shape, having straight and
gradually widening sides from the flush pipe entrance to about the centre of the
basin, and by so shaping same the flush of water from a single tipper will effectually
wash the sides and bottom of the basin the latter being inclined from about its
centre to the mouth of the flush entrance, and being formed without lip or ridge
the flush has greater practical force than heretofore available and the basin is
kept quite clean. A. trap as ordinary is placed between the basin and main drain.
At the top of the basin we form a circular socket into which an extension pipe
may be fixed so as to come close under the closet seat.
The improved cover to be placed over the tipper box and tipper consists of a
plate or cover made preferably in two portions or sections, each section having a
semicircular, or other shaped recess formed in it so that when the cover is in
position an opening is left for the passage of the pipe conveying water to the
tipper, and by thus arranging the cover in sections a portion or the whole may
readily be removed for inspection of interior without the necessity of disconnecting
any of the pipes.
The cover or a part thereof can quickly be replaced in position when required.
Such being the nature and object of our said invention the following is a complete
description of same reference being made to the accompanying drawings forming
a part of this Specification in which :-
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of tipper box, and tipper, shewing also our
improved form of cover, and wash out basin, the several parts being placed in
their relative positions.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1 the basin of the closet and the exit or flush pipe
of the tipper box being shewn in section.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of improved form of tipper box cover, drawn separately in
order to more clearly shew its construction.
Fig. 4 is an end view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a view in elevation of elbow flanged pipe suitable for conveying water
through the hole in the tipper box cover.
According to this our said invention and referring firstly to the improved method
of and means employed for operating the single automatic tipper 1 which is mounted
as ordinary by its axes 2, 2 being supported and carried in the bearings 3, 3, fixed
in the inside of the tipper box 4. The stop pieces 5, 5, are made by rubber or
other soft material, and are fixed by bolts or otherwise on the inside of the tipper
box in such a position that when the tipper 1 is filled with water and turns on its
axes 2, 2 (as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1) the top only comes in contact with the
stop pieces 5,5 and the spout or outlet end 6 of the tipper 1 does not quite touch
the bottom of the tipper box 4 but just clears same when the water in the tipper 1
is being thrown, or poured out by reason of the tipper 1 turning on its axes.
When
the tipper is emptied of its contents the greater weight (when empty of the
portion of the tipper which lies on the side 7 of the axes 2 will bring the box into
the position shewn in Fig. 1 the stop pieces 5, 5 acting as stops when the tipper
moves in this direction thus one stop piece 5 or a pair of stop pieces 5, 5, one on
cach side of the tipper box 4 will stop, and control the tipper 1 when moving in
either direction, and when the contents of the tipper are being poured out into the
tipper box 4 the sudden stopping of the tipper 1 at its upper edge tends to throw
out the water contained therein with greater force, and practical effect than
heretofore and the bottom of the tipper box 4 being inclined from the outlet 9
towards the basin 8 the water runs freely in this direction.
It will be seen that as the tipper 1 does not at any time come in contact with
the tipper box 4 or any hard substance it may be made of glass, earthenware or
pot without there being any danger of breakage.
The improved construction of wash out basin consists of a wash out basin 8 which
in plan (see Fig. 2) is of horse shoe shape formed by the flush entrance 9 being
narrow and having straight and gradually widening sides as it extends towards and
to about the centre of the basin 8 and in elevation (see Fig. 1) the bottom of this
basin is inclined as at 10 from about its centre to the mouth of the flush entrance 9
and being formed without lip or ridge, but in a continuous line, inclined from the
spout 6 of the tipper 1 (when emptying its contents) to the centre of the basin 8
the flush of water from the tipper box has greater practical effect than heretofore,
and the sides, and bottom of the basin 8 are effectually washed and cleansed each
time the tipper 1 comes into operation, the surplus water from which after passing
through and cleansing the basin and leaving a supply 12 in the basin 8 escapes by
way of the outlet 11 into the main drain between which and the outlet 11 is placed
a trap as ordinary to prevent foul gases and odours passing from the drain to
the closet.
The basin 8 has at the top a socket 13 into which an extension pipe 14 may
be fixed so as to come close under the opening in the closet seat, and is for the
purpose of conducting the excreta and liquid to the wash out basin 8 below.
The improved cover 15 for the tipper box 4 and tipper 1 consists of a plate made
in two portions or sections each of which has a semicircular or other shaped
recess 18 formed in it so that when the cover is in position (see Figs. 1 and 2) and
the two portions or sections are brought close together an opening (circular, if the
recesses 18 are semicircular) is formed or left for the reception of the flanged
end 19 of the elbow joint pipe 20 by which the waste or other water is conveyed
to the tipper 1 from any convenient source. The edge of one portion or section
of the cover is made to overlap the other (see Fig. 4) the edges which meet being
cut away, or recessed as shewn, so that a true and flush joint is formed.
By forming the cover of the tipper and tipper box in the manner described, and

page_text: illustrated, a portion or the whole may readily be removed for inspection of the
interior of the tipper box 4 or tipper 1 without the necessity of disconnecting any
pipes, the elbow joint pipe 20 being held by its connecting pipes when the cover
is removed. The cover is quickly replaced by sliding one recess 18 under each
side of the flanged end 19. of the pipe 20.
The appliances above described are preferably made of glazed earthenware,
with the exception of the tipper 1 which by reason of its not coming in contact
with any hard substance may be made of glass, porcelain or enamelled ware which
from having a highly glazed or polished surface is less liable to become foul after
continued use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of
our said invention and in what manner the same is to be employed we declare
that what we claim is :-
1. The stopping of an automatic single tipper such as 1 in its emptying motion,
by fixing one, or a pair of stop pieces 5, 5, so as to come in contact only with the
top edge or portion of the tipper 1 the stop pieces 5, 5, also preventing the heaviest
portion 7 of the tipper moving the lighter portion beyond a certain point after
emptying its contents into the tipper box as and for the purpose herein described
and substantially as illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
2. The wash out basin 8 constructed in the shape of a horse shoe (in plan) the
side and bottom of the basin gradually expanding or widening from the flush
entrance 9 to about the centre of the basin, as and for the purpose herein described
and substantially as illustrated by Figs. I and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In connection and combination with a tipper box such as-4 and a discharge
pipe such as 20 the use of a cover, formed in two portions or segments 15, 15 and
each having a recess such as 18 as and for the purpose herein described and sub-
stantially as illustrated by the annexed drawings.
Dated this 21st do
1001
GEORGE CLARKE.
JOSEPH CLARKE.
MARK CLARKE.
By their Agent, Walter Brierley,
Bank Chambers, Waterhouse Street, Halifax.