Year: 1886

page_text: I, MALCOLM MACLEOD of 66 Deansgate, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
--
It consists in using for a sashbar, a bar formed in some cases solely of zinc or other
soft metal (rolled or otherwise shaped into the required form) in one piece, and so
formed as to allow of the insertion of an iron pipe or rod; and in others, strengthened
by means of bars of iron or other rigid metal of TH rail and other forms, upon
which a zinc or other soft metal cap is sprung and then held and securely fastened by
means of steel or iron clasps sprung over the cap, which fasten the cap securely without
penetrating the surface of the zinc.
In one form I bend a suitable piece of soft metal into a circular or cylindrical shape,
the two sides I then curve outwards and upwards and then again downwards, so as to
form a gutter or channel for condensed vapour beneath the glass, and then again
upwards and outwards and again downwards, leaving the edges resting upon the upper
surface of the glass; I may strengthen this by inserting an iron pipe or rod in the
upper circular part if necessary.
In all cases were I use iron bars, the zinc or other soft metal is bent beneath in
the form of two gutters one on each side of the bar beneath the glass, so as to
catch the condensed moisture, and the edges are brought upwards at the sides of
the iron bar to above the glass, and either bent downwards to the glass or not, and
a zinc or other cap is sprung over them or they are fastened to the iron bar by
suitable rivets or pins, or by bent steel or iron clips at suitable distances which are
left projecting on either side so that the zinc or other soft metal cap may be sprung
upon them.

page_text: In other cases I fit a zinc or other soft metal cap over the top of the bar and secure
it by means of iron or steel clasps sprung over the zinc or other soft metal cap. My
object is in all cases to form the zinc cap so as to provide two gutters beneath the
glass, and to form a watertight cap above the glass, or to form it in such a manner
that a seperate cap can be securely sprung upon it and fastened without leaving external
apertures through which moisture might penetrate.
The iron pipes used for strengthening the first form give great facilities for coupling
together and strengthening the roof to which this system of glazing is applied.
Dated this 13th day of September 1886
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
Agent to Applicant.

page_text: I, MALCOLM MACLEOD of 66 Deansgate, Manchester in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
It consists in using an improved sashbar, formed in some cases solely of zinc or
other soft metal (rolled or otherwise shaped into the required form) in one piece, and
so formed as to allow of the insertion of an iron rod or pipe; and in other cases so
formed that it can be strengthened by bars of metal or other rigid material, of
TH Rail and other formis. Upon this improved sashbar are sprung or slided suitable
caps of zinc or other soft metal which are retained in their places by means of suitable
joints or by rivets or other projections over which the cap is sprung or slided as will
appear later, or by suitable clasps of steel, iron or other metal sprung over the outside
of the cap after it is in its place. My object is in all cases to form the zinc or other
soft metal so as to provide two gutters beneath the glass, and to form a watertight cap
above the glass, so secured as to leave no external apertures through which moisture
may penetrate, and to strengthen the roof or other part to which my system is applied.
In order that the foregoing may be better understood I send herewith two Sheets of
Drawings in which :-
Fig. 1 is a broken off perspective view of my device.
Figures 2 to 10 inclusive, are modifications thereof which are more fully described
hereinafter.
Fig. 11. is a vertical cross sectional view of Fig. 1.
Figures 12 to 20 inclusive, represent modifications which are more fully described
hereinafter.
In Fig. 1. a indicates the zinc sashbar bent to an almost complete tube or crown and
strengthened by the insertion of a metal stiffening pipe 6 the lower edges a 1 of the
zinc sashbar are bent upwards and outwards so as to form two main channels for the
condensed moisture from the inside of the glass cc and again downwards and outwards
so as to form gutters or channels a 2 to receive the condensed moisture. The glass c c

page_text: is retained in place and prevented from sliding by means of the brackets 62 which are
also riveted at suitable intervals along the whole length of the bar a. Over 'all is
slided the cap or hood d which presses upon the glass and is retained in its place by its
bent in edges d 1 engaging with the lugs 61 of the brackets b.
The caps or hoods in all the Figures bear a general resemblence to each other, only
differing in the methods by which their interior edges d 1 are secured to the bar a.
In Fig. 2. e e indicate two flaps or ears which are riveted by means of two small
ears by the rivet e 2 shown in dotted lines to the bar a and take the place of the
brackets b in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 4. the bar a is shown in an anchor shape in cross section, being bent double
throughout, the two long edges overlapping at f. a strengthening bar fl is inserted
as shown. The rivet e 2 here serves the several purposes of securing the brackets b,
the strengthening bar f1, and sashbar a, together, and by its ends, which are left
projecting, engages the cap d and holds it down in its place.
In Fig. 5 the construction is somewhat similar to that shown in Fig. 4. the differences
being, the crown of the bar a is rounded and the upper ends of brackets 6 are bent
outwards and engage with the cap d as in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 6. the cap d is not shown, and the bar a is bent into the round crown form
as in Fig. 1. in the middle, then downwards, and outwards, retaining and forming the
anchor shape, and then bent upwards against the sides of the former bend, the
brackets b are then placed in position and the whole riveted together. The bracket b
in this case only forms a stop to the glass.
In Fig. 7. the bar a is bent into the anchor form along its middle, the edges pro-
jecting upwards and terminating with the cap d. The rivet stop or bracket 6 being
used as shown.
In Fig. 8. the bar a is bent, so that its middle part forms a long flat crown or top,
the sides are bent downwards and then upwards to form a channel for any drip from
without, and again formed into two small channels to catch the condensation from
within, along the flat crown are riveted at intervals flat strips g for the purpose of
holding the cap d down in its place.
Fig. 9 represents an under perspective view of a short length of the cap d, each of
the inwardly bent edges d 1 being provided with a semicircular orifice or cut out
space adapted to receive the two heads of a rivet e as shown in Figs. 4 and 7.
ii are two bent in corners of cuts in the bent in edges d 1 of the cap d. In use, the
semicircular orifices are placed over the rivet e and the cap is slided until the rivet
heads abut against the corners ii which act as checks to the further sliding of
the cap.
Fig. 10 is a perspective view, slightly modified in size, of the cross sectional view
shown in Fig. 2 omitting the cap d. The ears or flaps e with their riveted ears are
here shown in about side view. These flaps e enter the cap d by means of two
corresponding slots in the bent portions d 1 of the cap d, and the cap d, is then pushed
forward, and held down, by the flaps e engaging with the bent portions d 1, in the
manner already described of the rivet e in Figures 7 and 9.
Fig. 11 (sheet 2) is a cross sectional view of Fig. 1 already described.
Fig. 12. is substantially the same with the exception that the brackets b b do not
hold down the cap this office being performed by the heads of the rivet e which enter
the cap d in the manner described of the rivet e in Fig. 7.
Fig. 13 is substantially the same as Fig. 4, but the strengthening bar is in this case
"anchor" shaped in cross section, the brackets e are omitted, and the zinc bar a passes
round the strengthening bar, and is formed into channels along its sides to receive the
condensation from the lower surface of the glass.
Fig. 14 shows the zinc bar a of the before described anchor shape, with the addition
of a round crown and strengthening bar, the brackets b are in this case passed round
the crown of the bar and brought down the sides, where they are secured by the
rivet e, the ends are then bent outwards and engage with the cap d, by means of its
bent in edges d 1.

page_text: Fig. 15. is shown without cap. The zinc bar a is anchor shaped and a bulb
strengthening bar is used. The edges of the zinc bar a overlap and are pierced and
held by the rivet e the ends of which project and engage with the cap in the manner
already described in Fig. 7.
Fig. 16. The zine bar a is anchor shaped, and an inverted T shaped strengthening
bar is used. The brackets 6 in this case merely act as stops to the glass, the cap d
being secured by the heads of the rivet e in the manner already described. The rivet e
also serves to hold the zine bar a, the strengthening bar, and the brackets 6 together.
Fig. 17. The construction is substantially similar to that in Fig. 16, with the addition
of two channels 11 to carry off the inside condensation from the lower surface of
the glass.
Fig. 18. Shows a peculiar form of cap & consisting of a round crown, with outwardly
and downwardly slanting sides, this is sprung over the circular crown of a zinc bar a
like that shown in Fig. 1 and 2 and further secured by metal springs m of horse-
shoe form sprung over it, which compress it into place and hold it there.
Figs. 19 and 20 are respectively a cap d and anchor shaped bar a similar to those
shown in section in Fig. 13. shown in perspective. In place of the rivet, the bar a
shown in Fig. 20 is provided with a longitudinal slot o which is opened at one end
by a perpendicular slot o 1 which meets it at right angles. The two bent in edges of
cap d shown in Fig. 19 are connected together by a short rod of metal p in the manner
shown in Fig. 3, (sheet 1). To join the cap and bar a, the short rod p is passed
down the perpendicular slot o 1 and slided along the horizontal slot o to its further
extremity which acts as a stop.
As all the foregoing joints resemble to a great degree the joint used for uniting
a bayonet to a gun, I shall in the claims speak of them, inclusively for the sake
of brevity as "a bayonet joint" as a general term to cover the various forms.
Depressions sss in Figs. 1, 10 and 20 are outlets from the condensation channels a 2
into the main channels a 1 to permit the former to overflow into the latter. In
forms similar to those shown in Figs. 13 and 17, the condensation channels are
pierced at intervals to allow them to drain into the interior of the bar a which forms
à main or lower channel. Some of the foregoing joints are adapted more particularly
for roofs and others for vertical work and the different designs are used as the work
requires. Heretofore screws and bolts have been passed through the caps to secure
them to the carrying bars, allowing the moisture to penetrate, in course of time into
the interior, as well as weakening them to a great degree. By my device a perfectly
unbroken surface is exposed to the weather and owing to the shape of the cap a spring
pressure is insured upon the glass, and the hollow strengthening bar 6 (Fig. 1) combines
lightness with strength and affords great mechanical facilities for joining and forming
the roof or other structure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. The improved sash or glazing bar formed by the combination of the cap d with
the carrying bar a, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore, and in the
accompanying drawings.
2nd. The improved methods of joining the cap d to the carrying bar a by means of
different modifications of "a bayonet joint" as hereinbefore described and as shown
in the accompanying drawings.
3rd. The combination with a carrying bar a of the main drip channels a 1 a 1 and
the edge channels a 2 a 2 to receive condensed moisture and cross channels or outlets s s
to permit the condensed moisture to flow into the main drip channels al al sub-
stantially as described and shown hereinbefore and in the accompanying drawings.
4th. The combination with the cap d and the carrying bar a, of the brackets & 262,
or the lugs e e, at suitable intervals along the glazing bar to act as stops to the glass c c
and as lugs to unite the cap d and the carrying bar a substantially as described and
shown hereinbefore and in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 5th. The combination with the cap d and the carrying bar a united by an internal
joint, of the brackets 6262, or the lugs e e, to prevent the sliding of the glass c c
substantially as described and shown herein before and in the accompanying drawings.
6th. The combination with the cap d and the carrying bar a, united together, of a
stiffening tube b, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore and in the
accompanying drawings.
7th. The combination with the cap d of Fig. 18 of metal springs m, substantially
as described and shown herein before, and in the accompanying drawings, for the
purpose set forth.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
Agent to Applicant.