IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND VALVES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas William Rayner, of Saint George's East, in
the County of Middlesex, Plumber and Brassfounder, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND VALVES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas William Rayner
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd February 1857.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM RAYNER, of Saint George's East, in the County of
Middlesex, Plumber and Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND VALVES," to be as follows:-
My said improvements refer principally to the description of cocks and
valves used for water-closets, baths, and like purposes.
I construct a cylinder somewhat similar to a pump barrel, the top.of which
has a cover with a stuffing box, through which a rod with a handle passes and
has its bottom end attached to a slotted double tumbler; and the rod having
a spiral or other suitable spring secured to it, will, when pushed down by the
handle, return again to its place. To the rod under the top stuffing box
within the barrel, and fixed to the rod, is a solid piston or valve, which being
opposite the aperture of one or more cocks, keeps them closed until opened by
the descent of the rod and consequent passage of the valve below the opening
of the service pipe. The lower end of the rod has a weighted slotted lever,
through which a spindle passes to the closet or other valves.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas William Rayner in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
WILLIAM RAYNER, of Saint George's in the East, in the County of Middlesex,
Plumber and Brassfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas William Rayner, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
William Rayner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Thomas William Rayner, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND VALVES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Thomas William Rayner, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas William Rayner, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My said improvements refer principally to the description of cocks and
valves used for water-closets, baths, and like purposes. And for the better
understanding of the same, I will now proceed to give the details thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, in which the same
letters indicate corresponding parts throughout.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a back elevation, showing the lower part A in section; Figure 2
3

page_text: A is the receiver; B, the basin; C, C, the receiver cover; and C, its
flange; D, the vent pipe; E, the spring cock, having a piston rod a, b, within
the barrel; a is a metal disc or handle on which to press the hand, and the
piston rod returns to its place by the action of the spiral spring c, c; d is a
solid valve, cast on the rod a, b, to close or open the service at e, and close or
open the supply to connexion pipe f, for the basin; g, the basin valve, which
may be plain or cupped, and is actuated by the spindle h, having its other end
secured to the slotted tumbler i at , to which is added another tumbler j
screwed to the end 6 of the piston rod, and is controlled by the india-rubber or
other spring k, of which one end is fastened to the small bracket l; w, x, is
the level of the seat.
It will thus be observed that I construct a cylinder E, somewhat similar to
a pump barrel, the top of which has a cover with a stuffing box, through which
a piston rod with a handle passes, and has its bottom end attached to a slotted
double tumbler; and the piston rod having a spiral or other suitable spring
secured to it, will, when pushed down by the handle, return again to its place.
Within the barrel, under the stuffing box and fixed to the rod, is a solid piston
or valve, which being opposite or below the aperture of one or more cocks,
closes or shuts them off until opened. by the descent of the rod and consequent
passage of the valve below the opening of the service pipe e. The lower end
of the rod has a weighted slotted lever, through which a spindle passes to the
closet valve or other valves; or a spring may be substituted for the weight.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, I would here observe, that
I do not restrict myself to the precise details herein given so long as the
principle of my said improvements is substantially maintained in any modifica
tion thereof, neither do I limit myself to the materials or dimensions of the
several parts; and I do declare that what I claim as my Invention is, namely,
the peculiar construction of spring cocks and valves and their application, as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas William Rayner, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, in the year
of our Lord 1857.
THOMAS WILLIAM RAYNER.. (L.B.)