both Para or rosin
Year: 1898

page_text: Bi-chromate of potash, or a saturated solution
of silicate of soda or combination of both
Paraffin wax or rosin
Chlorate of potash
-
5 per cent. of the whole
of the ingredients.
* ounce.
do.
Water sufficient to make the above ingredients into a paste.
The whole of the above ingredients with the exception of the chlorate of potash are
ground until they assume the form of a smooth or creamy paste, after which the
latter ingredient is added in the form of powder and thoroughly incorporated with the
paste.
The office of the bi-chromate of potash is to act upon the glue and render the same
insuluble in water, whilst that of the paraffin wax or rosin is to render the composition
waterproof, and to give the required flame on ignition.
Or, the rosin and paraffin wax might be combined in suitable proportions.
The ingredients may if desired be heated in order to efficiently combine them, in
which case the paraffin wax may be added in the form of shreds or the rosin in the
form of fine powder but the bi-chromate of potash must not be added to the mass
until it has become cold.

page_text: If the operation is carried on with the ingredients in a cold state, the paraffin wax
or rosin should be dissolved in a small quantity of a suitable liquid solvent of a
volatile character such as benzole, gasoline or petroleum spirit.
After the proper mixing of the ingredients has taken place, the match splints are
dipped in the ordinary way and when finished will present a match of high quality
capable of striking upon any ordinary friction surface.
By the means herein before described, an igniting composition is obtained which is
virtually harmless to the factory operatives and by the employment of which the
difficulties above pointed may be avoided.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
A New or Improved Igniting Composition to be Employed in the
Manufacture of Matches.
I, PAUL WARD, late of 57, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., and now of 364,
Lillie Road, Fulham, in the County of London, Chemist; do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new or improved igniting composition to be employed
in the manufacture of matches.
"
It is well known that when employing igniting compositions in which crystalline
phosphorus is used the operatives employed in match factories commonly suffer from
phosphorus poisoning from which it has been found difficult or impossible to protect
the operative in the manner desired.
Now the object of the present invention is to produce an efficient igniting com-
position which is free from the aforesaid objection and by the use of which matches
can be made which will strike anywhere and yet contain no poison.
•
For this purpose, instead of the common or crystalline phosphorus (which is
generally used and which is of a poisonous character) red or amorphous phosphorus
is employed which is non-poisonous, and this is combined with the ingredients
hereinafter named, according to the following formula and treatment.
starting
"
The match splints are first dipped into melted paraffin wax or similar "
preparation, and while hot are dipped into the igniting paste which consists of the
following ingredients, in or about the proportions specified, viz. :-
Soaked glue, i.e., 1 part of glue to 5 of water
Powdered glass
Whiting
Amorphous phosphorus (pure)
Paraffin wax
Chlorate of potash
Sugar, or preferably lamp black
Parts by weight.
37.0
7.5
7.5
10.0
4.0
27.0
7.0

page_text: for the purpose of my invention but may be varied in the manner hereinafter
described.
For instance I may substitute silicate of soda for the soaked glue, and use the
crude amorphous phosphorus which is sufficiently rich in free phosphoric acid to
unite with the soda to form the mass into a non-deliquescent mixture which is a
novel feature in the use of soda silicate.
If the matches are to be used in a damp climate I add 5% of bichromate of potash
for the purpose of rendering the glue insoluble in water which it does in a short
time.
In the case of a heavy or large sized match I prefer to add 4% of sublimed sulphur
and less glue and powdered glass to the extent required to bring the whole mixture
up to 100 parts as given in the formula.
The above ingredients are mixed or ground in the following order: -Soaked glue
(warm), or silicate of soda, paraffin wax, ground glass, whiting, sugar or lamp black,
amorphous phosphorus, and lastly the chlorate and bichromate of potash, the com-
position being of such a consistency that the match splints may be held up head
upwards immediately after dipping without the composition running down the
sides.
For the paraffin wax there may be substituted resin or a combination of the two to
render the composition waterproof and to give the required flame of ignition, but I
prefer to use the paraffin alone.
The ingredients may if desired be heated in order to efficiently mix them, in which
case the paraffin wax may be added in the form of shreds (or the resin in the form
of fine powder), but the bichromate of potash must not be added to the mass until
it has become cold, but not set.
If the operation is not carried on with the ingredients in a cold state the paraffin
wax or resin should be dissolved in a small quantity of a suitable liquid solvent such
as benzole, gasoline or petroleum spirit.
After the proper mixing of the ingredients has taken place the match splints after
dipping into melted paraffin wax are dipped in the ordinary way and when finished
will present a match of high quality and capable of striking upon any ordinary
friction surface.
Although I have herein specified certain proportions in which the several essential
ingredients or elements of my improved igniting composition may be used I do not
limit myself to the precise proportions stated, as they may be varied; but with a
composition made up substantially as described, the intended results of my invention
will be secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a composition for tipping matches, the employment in conjunction with
amorphous phosphorus, of chlorate of potash, sugar or lamp black, and paraffin wax,
the several ingredients being mixed in suitable proportions and by a suitable treat-
ment substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
2. The improved igniting composition hereinbefore described.
Dated this 19th day of May 1899.
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent, Stockton-on-Tees and Hull,
Agent for the Applicant.