OR APPARATUS FOR TENTERING OR STRETCHING AND DRYING WOOLLEN OR OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS, ALSO FOR DRYING WARPS, YARNS, OR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1861

page_text: OR APPARATUS FOR TENTERING OR STRETCHING AND DRYING WOOLLEN OR OTHER
TEXTILE FABRICS, ALSO FOR DRYING WARPS, YARNS, OR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Senior at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
January 1861.
1, CHARLES SENIOR, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Waste Dealer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TENTERING OR STRETCHING AND DRYING WOOLLEN
OR OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS, ALSO FOR DRYING WARPS, YARNS, OR FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES," to be as follows;-
The object of this Invention is to construct, combine, and arrange mechanism
or apparatus so as to constitute a machine applicable for tentering or
stretching and drying fabrics of any widths required; also drying warps, yarns,
wool, or fibrous substances of any description. It consists of a series of rollers
of lengths exceeding the width of the widest fabrics required to be stretched
and dried supported on suitable framework. Also a pair of endless chains with
hooks or clips to hold on the edges of the fabrics to be stretched and dried, or
on endless cloths for carrying warps, yarns, wool, or other fibrous substances
to be dried pass over or around said rollers. Also guide rails or stretching
[Price Sd.]

page_text: bars which are capable of being set or adjusted simultaneously by screws and
gearing, or equivalent means, to any desirable distance apart to suit the width
of fabrics or endless cloths. On the said chains are friction pullies which bear
against and run on the said rails or bars and enter longitudinal grooves formed
in the rollers, by which the chains are carried or driven forward when motion
is given to the said rollers. Underneath the machine is a perforated box or
chamber to receive and distribute hot air..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Senior in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th July 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
SENIOR, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Waste Dealer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Senior, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
Senior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Senior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IXPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY 02 APPARATUS FOR TENTERING OR STRETCHING AND DRYING
WOOLLEN OR OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS, ALSO FOR DRYING WARPS, YARNS, OR FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Charles
Senior, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Senior, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-

page_text: :
The object of this Invention is to construct, combine, and arrange mechanism
or apparatus so as to constitute a machine applicable for tentering or stretching
and drying fabrics of any widths required; also drying warps, yarns, wool,
or fibrous substances of any description. It consists of a series of rollers. of
lengths exceeding the width of the widest fabrics required to be stretched and
dried, supported on suitable framework, and a pair of endless chains with hooks
or clips to hold on the edges of the fabrics to be stretched and dried, or on
endless cloths for carrying warps, yarns, wool, or other fibrous substances to be
dried, pass over or around said rollers. Also a series of guide rails or stretch-
ing bars which are capable of being set or adjusted simultaneously by screws
and gearing, or equivalent means, to any desirable distance apart to suit the
widths of fabrics or endless cloths. On the said chains are friction pullies
which bear against and run on the said rails or bars and enter longitudinal
grooves formed in the rollers, by which the chains are carried or driven
forward when motion is given to the said rollers. Underneath the machine is
a perforated box or chamber to receive and distribute hot air.
This Invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying
two Sheets of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal and vertical section of a drying machine constructed
according to my said Invention; and Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same.
A are the rollers, which are in lengths exceeding or suitable for the widest
fabrics, and are supported in framework B; motion is given to these rollers by
bevil gear C from a shaft D, on which is a cone pulley E for receiving motion
from the main shaft, and by which cone pulley the speed of the said rollers
may be varied; F are endless chains passing over and under the rollers A
throughout the whole extent of the machine, which may be of any desirable
length and of any number of rollers; G are the guide rails or stretching bars,
which are attached to moveable frames H placed within the main framing B,
being supported by friction rollers g and the cross rails b, on which they are
capable of running or moving towards or from each other; I are screws or
shafts with right and left hand screw threads thereon supported on the framing
B and passing through nuts fixed in the frames II. On the shafts I are
worm wheels J in gear with worms J¹ fixed on shafts K which are geared
together by bevil wheels and vertical shaft K', so that by turning the hand.
wheel K2 the whole of the shafts and screws will be turned and move the
guide rails nearer to or further from each other simultaneously. The rollers A
are constructed of lags suitably formed for the chains to lay upon, with spaces
or grooves betwixt them for pullies, which are attached to the chains to enter,
and by which all the rollers and chains are driven or propelled forward simul-

page_text: taneously when motion is given to the shaft D and gearing C.
cross section
of the said rollers A is given full size at Fig. 3 with a portion of the chain F
around it. Figs. 4 and 5 are edge view and plan of the links or clips of the
chain F and cross section of the rail G, shewing the mode of fixing the same
to the moveable frame H. with a pulley or friction roller 1 which works on a
stud attached to the link resting or bearing on the said guide rail; M is a
rail also affixed to the moveable frame for keeping the links on the rail G, and
also to act on a wedge piece N, which is hinged to the link for pressing it
betwixt the two limbs and causing the link to clip or grip and hold on the
edge of fabrics. Figs. 6 and 7 are elevation and plan of an apparatus for
removing the wedge piece, and liberating the fabric from the clip or grip of the
links, which is shewn also at P. Fig. 1, driven by spur wheels from the deli-
vering roller Q. Fabrics to be dried are fed as shewn by dotted lines betwixt
the rails R and over the roller S. when they are seized by the links or clips of
the chain on each edge and carried forward on the rail T in the direction of the
arrows over the roller and under the roller U, over the roller U, under
the roller U, and so on until they finally come out over the roller Q. The
heating or drying is effected by hot air allowed to escape through perforations
or small holes from a hox V placed under the machine, and to prevent the
waste of hot air I cover or encase the moveable frames with any suitable
material. It will be evident from the foregoing description and illustrations
that the chains for holding on the edges of fabrics. and conducting them
through the machine, may be set or adjusted to any desirable width or distance
apart, according to the width of the fabric to be dried, by moving in or out the
guide rails, which can readily be done by the attendant at the front of the
machine turning the hand wheel right or left, the chains simply bearing upon
the rollers and being drawn or carried forward by them at whatever distance
apart they may be set; but the stretching is effected or given to the fabric by
the setting of the guide rails. When the machine is used for drying warps,
yarns, wool, or other fibrous substances, two endless cloths are employed, being
clipped by the chains and thereby caused to travel in contact with each other
through the machine, and the materials to be dried are placed betwixt them:
one of the cloths, instead of passing out from the machine over the roller Q.
travels forward with the chains over the roller S; the other cloth is returned
over the roller Q and under the rollers W and X, and around the roller Y to
the chains. The wool or other fibrous substances to be dried being fed on the
cloth over the rollers S, by which it is conducted betwixt the roller Y and
roller U, passing forward betwixt the cloths. In some cases, when a machine
is required for drying wool or other loose fibres only, I arrange the rollers and

page_text: guide rails so as that the cloths will travel in a diagonal or oblique direction
through the machine instead of vertically as here shewn, so as to prevent any
liability of the fibres moving betwixt the cloths. Also, if required for drying
warps only, I arrange a series of rollers with guide rails, as represented at
Figs. 8 and 9, the warps passing through holes in the guide rails and around
the rollers, as shewn by dotted lines, entering at one end and coming out at
the other.
Having thus described the nature of this my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is performed or carried into practical effect, I would have it
understood that I do not claim the various mechanical paris separately, nor do
I confine myself to the precise details as herein set forth; but what I do claim
is the constructing, combining, and arranging apparatus in manner and for
purposes substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Senior, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-one.
Signed, scaled, and delivered by the
within-named Charles Senior, in the
presence of
WM. TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.
CHARLES SENIOR. (L.S.)