Improvements in Hydraulic and other Valves.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
Improvements in Hydraulic and other Valves.
I, HENRY BERRY, of Croydon Works, Hunslet, Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in hydraulic and other valves, my object
being to construct a valve for controlling the admission of water or other working
fluid of varying pressures to hydraulic and other machinery in such a manner that
the admission of the higher pressure fluid when required is automatically effected
by the action of the lower pressure fluid.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings-
Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views representing modified forms of my improved
valve.
Referring to Figure 1 the low pressure fluid after passing through an ordinary
stop or controlling valve is conveyed through the passage A and thence to the
required machine. By means of the passage A' at the upper end of the valve, the
low pressure fluid is also admitted to the cylinder or chamber B and acts upon
the upper side of the piston valve C, and presses it on to its seating formed at the
mouth of the high pressure inlet D. The chamber E beneath the portion C¹ of
the piston valve is in free communication with the passage A and thus the low
pressure fluid acts under the portion C¹ of the piston valve upon the area presented
within the annular space between the stem of the valve and the wall of the
chamber E.
The areas of the upper and lower sides of the piston valve vary with the
particular pressures of working fluid employed, but in every instance the area of
the upper side of the valve is more than sufficient to euable the constant pressure
of the low pressure fluid in the chamber B to keep the valve upon its seat against
the high pressure acting on the extremity of the valve, and thus to close the
inlet D. The area of the annular space at E is sufficient to enable the maximum
low pressure acting therein, combined with the high pressure acting on the extremity
of the valve, to lift the valve against the pressure on its upper side, and thus to
admit the high pressure fluid to passage A.
On the opening of the ordinary stop or controlling valve hereinbefore referred
to, the low pressure fluid passes to the required machine by way of the passage A
of my improved valve. The fluid flows forward until it meets with sufficient
resistance to cause it to exert its maximum pressure. The action of such pressure
upon the underside of the piston valve in combination with the high pressure on
its extremity, is then sufficient to lift the valve to admit the high pressure fluid
from D to the passage A and thus to the machine to be worked.
In this manner I provide for the automatic admission of the high pressure
fluid to the particular machine during the performance of heavy work, but
effectually shut off the high pressure and use only the low pressure fluid when but
a moderate resistance has to be overcome within the hydraulic or other machine.
Figure 2 illustrates the application of my improved valve in conjunction with
the main admission valve described in my Specification No. 21416 of 1893.
Instead of the auxiliary valve referred to in the afore-named Specification I
employ the piston valve C Figure 2, similar to the corresponding valve hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figure 1. The low pressure fluid is admitted to the
main passage A, Figure 2, the high pressure fluid entering the valve at F. The
high pressure fluid is permitted to escape past the piston G of the main piston

page_text: valve, and be accumulating within the chamber H to force the valve to its seat
at G¹ to prevent escape of the fluid into the main passage A. The low pressure
fluid passing through A has free communication by way of the passage J with the
underside of the portion C¹ of the auxiliary piston valve C. When the low
pressure fluid attains its maximum pressure, its action upon the underside of the
valve C combined with the action of the high pressure fluid upon the extremity of
the valve at the seating D, is sufficient to lift the valve against the constant low
pressure within the chamber B. The chamber H being thus put into communication
with the main passage A by way of the passage J, the pressure within the chamber
is reduced and the main piston valve G lifted from its seat by the high pressure
fluid beneath it. The high pressure fluid then flows through G' and the main
passage A to the required machine.
I employ ordinary leather or other packing for the pistons or like parts of my
improved valve, and any suitable and ordinary connections between the valve and
the hydraulic or other pressure fluid supply, and the particular machine to be
operated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In hydraulic and other valves, the method of automatically controlling the
admission of a working fluid at one pressure by means of the action of a fluid of a
lower pressure upon a piston or like valve, substantially as described.
2. The use with hydraulic and other machinery operated by working fluids of
dissimilar pressures, of an automatic high pressure controlling valve, subjected on
the one side to the action of the lower pressure fluid and on the other side to the
action of both the higher and lower pressure fluids, substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In. hydraulic and other machinery operated by working fluids of dissimilar
pressures, the combination of a main piston or like high pressure admission valve,
with an auxiliary piston or like controlling valve 30 arranged as to cause the
automatic opening of the main valve by the action of the lower pressure fluid,
substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 13th day of September 1894.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.