Year: 1886

page_text: I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77. Cannon Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to the manufacture of flexible pipes for use with
high pressures. India-rubber pipes as usually made are not durable when used
with high pressure: it has been found that after being in use a comparatively short
time they are liable from various causes to give way-Now the object of this inven-
tion is to strengthen such pipes for which purpose a layer of canvas is fastened
around the india rubber pipe, outside of the canvas a coil or coils of metal in the
form of wire or band of any suitable section and metal (it may be steel) is or are
arranged in the form of a tube the coils of which are close together, and the metal
composing which is (if the metal be such as to require it) soaked in or coated with
suitable protecting material such as Stockholm tar-Outside of the metal a covering
of canvas is placed, care being taken to make a secure joint.
The india-rubber forming the pipe can be vulcanized after the coverings have
been placed upon it or can be vulcanized before the metal and canvas are placed
on.
Compound pipes such as above described will be kept cylindrical by the metal
which will assist them to withstand high pressures. The outer and inner layers of
canvas will prevent the action of the atmosphere and the sulphur from the india
rubber having any injurious effect on the metal wire or band and also will com-
pletely prevent the rubber being injured.
•
When using metal band (of tape-like form) instead of wire the coils may be
made to slightly overlap one another to ensure the desired flexibility.
W. LLOYD WISE,
40, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant,

page_text: +
BO
with High Pressures.
I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be. performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has reference to the manufacture of compound flexible pipes of
india-rubber with an external metallic coil.
1
151
Referring to the drawings, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, are three longitudinal sections of
such flexible pipes. Fig. 1 shows a compound pipe comprising an inner pipe A
of india-rubber, a cover B of canvas, a coil of wire C (embedded in india-rubber)
and an outer cover D of canvas. Fig. 1 is a cross-section of saive. Fig. 2 shows
a similar compound pipe with a metallic coil of slow pitch so that the coils touch
one another, and are not embedded in india-rubber. Fig. 2ª is a cross-section of
same. Fig. 3 shows a similar compound pipe in which the metallic coil is of flat
or tape-like section and the coils overlap one another. Fig. 3ª is a cross-section
of same.
India-rubber pipes as usually made are not durable when used with high
pressures: it has been found that after being in use a comparatively short time
they are liable from various causes to give way.
TAIT
4
Now the object of this invention is to strengthen such pipes for which
purpose a coil C of metal in the form of wire (Figs. 1, 1º, and 2, 2ª,) or tape
(Figs. 3 and 3a) of any suitable section and metal (it may be steel) is or are,
arranged in the form of a tube the metal being coiled to such a pitch that the coils
are kept apart as in Fig. 1, or (when a stronger but less flexible pipe is required)
so that they lie close together as in Fig. 2, or when using metal band of tape-like
form instead of wire the coils may be made to slightly overlap one another, as
shown in Fig. 3 to ensure the desired flexibility.
Y
J
The metal composing the coils is (if the metal be of a kind to require it, such as
steel,) soaked in or coated with suitable protecting material such as Stockholm tar.
.The metallic coil is, when made as in Fig. 1, embedded in india-rubber in a plastic
state, which is afterwards vulcanized, but when the coils are made to touch or over-
lap, as in Figs. 2 and 3, they are not so embedded. In order to protect the inner
pipe A from being injured by the external metallic coil C, a covering of canvas B is
placed around the said pipe. A2 is canvas introduced as usual in the india-rubber
pipe in the process of manufacture as well understood, and no claim is made in
respect thereof.
Outside of the metal C a covering D of canvas or equivalent
material is placed, care being taken to make a secure joint.
The india-rubber forming the pipe A can be vulcanized after the coverings have
been placed upon it, or can be vulcanized before the metal and canvas are placed
on. Compound pipes such as above described will be kept cylindrical by the
metal which will assist them to withstand high pressures.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware it
has before been proposed to make suction hose with round and flat coils of metal
outside, inside, and intermediate the layers of the hose, to which I lay no general
claim, but what I claim is: -
In a compound flexible pipe the combination of an inner pipe of india rubber A,
a canvas covering B, a superposed metallic coil C, and an external covering of
canvas D, substantially as described for the purpose specified.