Improvements in Purifying Gases or Vapours, and Gaining By- products therefrom, and in Subjecting Gases or Vapours to the Action of Solid or Liquid Substances and the Converse by Means of Centrifugal Action, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application: 23rd Oct., 1896-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Purifying Gases or Vapours, and Gaining By-
products therefrom, and in Subjecting Gases or Vapours to
the Action of Solid or Liquid Substances and the Converse
by Means of Centrifugal Action, and Apparatus therefor.
I EDUARD THEISEN of No. 15 Werder Strasse, Baden-Baden Germany,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
In the Specification to my Patent No. 16726" I described a method whereby a
thin layer of liquid maintained by centrifugal action upon the surface of a revolving
cylinder was subjected to the action of gases or vapours made to impinge thereon
by centrifugal action.
According to my present invention I apply this method of operating in variously
modified ways, either for the separation from gases or vapours, of certain of their
impurities or separable constituents, or for causing the gases or vapours to react
upon a thin layer of either liquid or solid matter or the converse for the purpose of
modifying the nature, either of the one or of the other body.
Thus according to one application I cause a gas containing various condensible
constituents to be brought by centrifugal action successively into contact with
different surfaces having different actions thereon, in order to subject it to successive
stages of purification, as will be presently described with reference to the purification
of coal gas.
According to another application, the combustion gases of furnaces, in being
treated by the above described method, are not only deprived of all dust, soot, and
other deleterious constituents, but also, by the action of the rapidly revolving vanes
by which the gas is thrown against the surface of the drum, an artificial draught
can be produced by a suitable construction of the said vanes, so that not only are
the combustion gases purified and possibly have valuable products extracted there-
from before being discharged into the atmosphere or into hot blast stoves, but also
an improved combustion of the fuel in the furnace is effected by the increased
draught.
According to another application gases having a certain chemical constitution
may, by the centrifugal action, be made to impinge upon a substance spread by
centrifugal action in a thin layer over the surface of a rapidly revolving drum and
in being thus brought into intimate contact with the said substance may either be
made to undergo a chemical change or it may vaporise and take up certain
constituents from such material, and, if necessary a series of such centrifugal
apparatus may be made to act in combination in such manner that while the gas is
made to flow through them consecutively in one direction the material to be acted
upon thereby is made to flow through them in the contrary direction, so that the
gas gradually becomes richer in the substance to be taken up while the solid or
liquid material gradually becomes poorer.
In particular, my said invention is applicable with advantage for carrying out
the various processes of purification to which coal gas and the gases from coke
ovens are subjected, whereby valuable by-products are obtained therefrom.
The existing modes of purification of such gases from constituents such as tar,
sulphuretted bydrogen ammonia, &c. are very complicated, and the apparatus

page_text: required for separating the various constituents is very cumbrous and has only a
low degree of efficiency as compared with its size and cost. By means of the
present invention, it is rendered possible to effect the separation of all the by-products
and the tar in a single apparatus of comparatively small dimensions, while the
several constituents are still obtained separately from each other.
The apparatus is so arranged that, in the first instance, the centrifugal action to
which the gas is subjected effects the separation therefrom of the solid constituents
and the tar, by being thrown onto the surface of the revolving drum, to which they
adhere.
The hot gases in then being made to pass under the pressure of centrifugal
action over the surface of this thin layer of tar, effects a rapid evaporation of the
water contained therein, thus concentrating the latter. By then bringing the gas
in contact with a portion of the drum which is cooled externally, the watery
vapour as well as the ammonia compounds contained therein are condensed there-
from and in consequence of the cooling of condensed liquids thus obtained, these
are rendered capable of taking up further quantities of ammonia. If the gas is to
be subject to farther purification, and the carbonic acid gases to be taken up there-
from, this can also be effected by bringing the gas by centrifugal action into
intimate contact with a layer of material upon the surface of a rapidly revolving
drum which will take up the carbonic acid and other impurities therefrom.
The apparatus for carrying out my above described invention may be variously
constructed, according to the purpose to which it, is to be applied; on the
accompanying drawings are shewn by way of example several arrangements
thereof. Figure 1 shews a vertical section of an apparatus consisting of a closed
stationary cylindrical casing, the upper part a of which is jacketted and has cooling
fluid circulated through it, entering through the upper branch pipe m and flowing
off through the bottom one n, the lower part of the casing is not cooled and may
be surrounded by a jacket of a bad conductor of heat. Centrally within this casing
is a revolving drum b having vanes e extending along its entire length, and the
shaft of which passes through a stuffing box in the cover of the casing and carries
'an external pulley, by which rapid rotary motion is imparted to it.
The gases to be acted upon enter the casing through the inlet d at bottom, where
they are at once thrown by the vanes with centrifugal force against the surface of
the part of the casing, whereby in the first instance the particles of far carried by
the gases, together with any solid particles such as carbonaceous matter, dust &c.
will be energetically separated from the gas and deposited on the said surface, the
said solid particles being effectually retained by the layer of tar formed. Thus the
gas will be much more rapidly and effectually freed from all solid impurities and
'tar than is the case for example in gas works, and this in apparatus occupying a
comparatively small space. At the same time the hot gases rising in intimate
contact with the layer of tar, will effect a rapid evaporation of the water contained
'therein, which evaporation on the other hand will effect a cooling of the gases. The tar
flowing down the surface on to the bottom of the chamber is led off through the
pipe w. The still warm and partly purified gases, in rising from the lower part of the
casing, will be pressed by the centrifugal action of the vanes' e against the cooled
surface of the upper part a of the casing, in consequence whereof an effective
condensation of the aqueous vapour contained in the gases will be effected, whereby
at the same time the ammonia compounds contained in the gas and any residual
particles of tar will also be retained by this water of condensation. By this action
also, the gas will be suitably cooled.
The condensed ammoniacal liquer thus obtained flows down the surface of the
casing a at the bottom of which it is caught up by the trough fand led off through
the pipe either to be treated elsewhere, or to be reintroduced at the upper end of
the casing, in order, in flowing down the same again, to be further enriched by more
ammonia absorbed from the gas, which eventually flows off through the opening e
at top, to be farther treated elsewhere if necessary.
Figures 1 and 1 shew respectively a vertical' section and cross section of an

page_text: apparatus for purifying gases or vapours similar to Figure 1, but in which the gas
or vapour is subjected to a preliminary purification before it is brought in contact
with the collecting or absorbing surface.
This is effected by first bringing the gas or vapour into intimate contact with
moistened frictional surfaces; this purification of the gas or vapour, and the
separation of valuable constituents such as tar, as also the evaporation of the
water contained therein by the following gases will be the more perfect, the more
intimately the gas is brought into frictional contact with the said surfaces, and the
oftener this action takes place.
The frictional surfaces may be formed in a variety of ways, some of which are
shewn on the drawing. According to the arrangement shewn on the left hand side
of Figure 1 the gas enters through branch pipe d in the first place into a space
having radial vanes which are carried by end discs ss fixed to the revolving
shaft g. The gas is drawn in by the vanes r acting as a fan, and is forced through
between them; the friction thus produced is still farther increased by forming the
vanes with grater-like perforations. These vanes press the gas passing through,
against and through other similar vanes rotating in a contrary direction, which
may also have grater-like perforations.
In place of the outer vanes may also be employed a corrugated cylinder u, which
may have both internally and externally projecting grater-like perforations, and
which revolves in the contrary direction to the vanes rr.
Both on the vanes rr and as also on the cylinder u a considerable friction
will be produced, and the solid or liquid particles separated from the gas will
collect on these surfaces, and will flow down the same. The surfaces can also be
supplied with a layer of liquid from the outside. The gases or vapours thus almost
entirely freed from solid or liquid constituents, are propelled by the vanes vv on
to a surface a which may be cooled externally, and from this point the action is
the same as described with reference to Figure 1.
In order to insure that the gases or vapours after issuing from the stationary
pipe d shall pass through the inner vanes rr or through the cylinder u, an air-seal
is provided both at w and at x. Figure 1 shows other modifications, where the
vanes are either formed with grater-like perforations, or with smooth per-
forations, or without perforations, and either straight or bent at an angle. The
cylinder u is either made with smooth or grater-like perforations or it is replaced
by another set of vanes similar to rr. A further increase of friction may be
obtained by forming the meeting edges of the two sets of vanes with serrations
arranged to engage between each other, as shewn at the left hand side of
Figures 1A, 1B, or by providing the outer cylinder a with projecting fingers
engaging with notches in the edges of the vanes as also shewn.
Figure 1 shows in the lower part, two smooth perforated cylinders y and y',
provided with vanes; on the upper part it shows two cylinders y y' with grater-
like perforations and also a third stationary one 2, all three being provided with
greater-like perforations.
In this case the vanes are omitted, the cylinders being brought so near together
as to produce a considerable friction of the gases passing through, which may be
still farther increase by causing the perforations of the one cylinder opposite the
imperforated parts of the next cylinder.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section and Figure 1 a cross section of a horizontal
arrangement in which the gases are caused by the centrifugal action to pass through
the layer of liquid. It consists of a horizontal cylinder a revolving with tubular
necks cc upon rollers and cooled externally, in which cylinder there are contained
several concentric cylinders rotating in contrary directions and carried by axes that
pass through stuffing boxes and are provided outside with driving pullies.
These cylinders are provided with openings for the passage through them of the
gas, which openings may be arranged in a variety of ways. The arrangement
shown in the lower half of the figure is as follows:-
The gases entering through the fixed bend pipe d first pass through the perforated

page_text: cylinder; the constituents separated from the gas collect on the surface of the
cylinder, and travel towards the annular trough í formed at the one end, whence it
flows off through an outlet pipe k. In order to prevent the said constituents such
as tar from passing through the openings, these are fitted with small tubes 6 that
project inwards heyond the inner surface as shewn. The gases passing through
are caught by the vanes m on the outer surface of the cylinder f, which thus acts
as a fan in propelling the gases against the inner surface of the next cylinder n
which is rotated by its tubular axis hin the contrary direction to the cylinder f,
and whicb, like the latter, is formed with tubes passing through it.
The constituents of the gases that are here separated collect on the cylinder
surface, and travel to the annular gutter o where they join the constituents
passing off from cylinder and flow off through the discharge tube p into a
gutter b on the outer cylinder a; from this they are discharged by the scoop
pipe g.
The tubes in the cylinder n, are so arranged as not to be .opposite those of the
cylinder; the gases passing through them enter the cylinder a and are thrown by
the vanes w on the outer surface of n against the cooled surface of a.
The upper part of Figure 1 shows an arrangement in which the gases first pass
through a revolving perforated cylinder s carried by the axis g. This cylinder
has vanes t on its outer surface which throw the passing gases against the next
cylinder which is fixed to the cylinder n and is carried by the hollow axis h,
these cylinders being made to rotate in a direction contrary to that of cylinder s.
The cylinders fand n are both made with slotted openings for the passage of
the gases, such slots being either in a transverse direction as shewn a Figure 1º,
or in a longitudinal direction as at Figure 1. The slots iu the two cylinders are
so arranged relatively to each other, that they are not situated opposite each
other. At the edges of the slots are fixed guide plates k, which, on f, are directed
outwards, and on n inwards.
The gases, on being propelled by centrifugal action through the slots of f
impinge on the surface of n whence they pass through the slots of this cylinder.
The constituents that are separated by this motion of the gases travel to the
annular trough i of cylinder f and escape thence through openings into the trough o
of cylinder n, where they join the constituents that are separated from the gases
on the inner surface of this cylinder, and the combined constituents then flow from
the trough o into the trough 6 of cylinder a whence they are taken by the scoop
pipe g.
A layer of a certain thickness of these constituents will, by the above arrange-
ment, always be maintained on the inner surface of the cylinder n, and the guide
plates k surrounding the slots off are made of such height as to dip into such
layer, as indicated in Figure 1, so that the gases in being propelled by the
centrifugal action, through the slots, are forced to pass through the layer of liquid
as indicated by the arrows in Figure 1. Instead of regulating the thickness of
the layer by its discharge from the gutter, this can be effected by causing the
liquid to accumulate on the cylinder until it overflows the guide plates k of the
cylinder so as to pass through the slots into the cylinder a together with
the gases, the guide plates & being in that case only made of a height equal to
the thickness of the layer that may be desired.
The cylinder n may have vanes wo on its outer surface whereby the gases are
drawn through the slots and thrown against the cooling surface of a. On the
right hand side of Figure 1 the perforated cylinder s is replaced by vanes r
which can be made of the various forms referred to in Figure 1B.
The apparatus shewn in vertical section in Figure 1 and in sectional plan at 1
serves for effectually purifying the products of combustion coming from a furnace;
it consists of any suitable known construction of apparatus for taking up and
utilising the greater part of the heat from the gases, such as a feed water
heater A arranged in a flue through which the gases are made to pass, a preliminary
purifier B and a smoke washer C with depositing tauk D.

page_text: The partially cooled combustion gases co ning from A are drawn through by the
screw fan or propeller b and pass at a into the preliminary purifier B.
In consequence of the rotation the heavier particles are thrown outwards through
the annular grating e into the annular space between this an:l the casing d, in which
space the separated particles such as ashes coke dust &c. fall down in consequence
of their diminished velocity. In the lower part of a passage leading down from
the said space is formed an air lock ele of any known construction whereby the
said deposit can be removed without letting the gases escape.
The combustion gases and smoke propelled downwards by the fan passes through
the opening f into the smoke washer C where it is brought in close contact with
thin layers of suitable liquid flowing down the revolving conical surface g and the
stationary casing h.
By this means all those impurities are removed from the gases which can be
absorbed by the liquid, and in addition all remaining dust is also thrown on to the
wet surfaces by the centrifugal action. The gases after passing down through g,
through the openings 9 and up through h, eventually escape in a purified and cooled
condition through the side flue i.
The liquid with its charge of impurities is collected in the gutter k and flows
thence into the depositing tank D where the solid matter is deposited from the
liquid. If the products absorbed by the liquid are to be regained, the latter is
drawn off to be treated elsewhere; if this is not required, the liquid together with
an addition to replace that which has been evaporated, is led back to the cone g
through a pipe l, where it is raised again by the centrifugal action and is thrown
through the pipes m on to the surface of the casingh again.
Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of an arrangement consisting of the
combination of two apparatus one of which has a vertical fixed casing, while the
other is arranged horizontally and has a revolving casing.
In the first named apparatus the casing a has a jacket through which cooling
liquid is circulated, entering through the inlet m and discharged through the
outlet n in a similar manner to the first described arrangement.
In this casing is a rotating conical drum 6 having vanese and carried by a
shaft g driven by a pulley. The gas to be purified enters the casing at d and is
pressed by the centrifugal action of the vanes c against the surface of the casing,
thereby depositing the particles of tar and solid impurities therein on the said
surface, while at the same time the aqueous and ammoniacal vapours contained in
the gas will be condensed on the cooled surface. The gas, while flowing in
intimate contact with the said surface, will also be cooled thereby and will then
pass through the discharge pipe e into the second apparatus. The condensed
liquor and tar flowing down the surface a is caught by the annular gutter fand is
either led away through pipe h, or it may be made to pass through the passages ii
into a central cup k, whence it flows onto the inner surface of the conical drum b,
which causes it to rise by centrifugal action and throws it at the upper end on to
the surface of the casing again, in order to be enriched by taking up a farther
quantity of ammonia.
The second, horizontal, apparatus consists of a closed cylinder o which runs
with necks pon suitable supporting rollers which are driven so as to effect its
rotation, the cylinder contains a drum g with vanes r the shaft of which is carried
in external bearings, as shewn, and receives rapid rotary motion in the contrary
direction to the cylinder through suitable gearing, such as pitch wheels and chain.
The pipe e connecting the first apparatus with the second one, fits with a stuffing
box through the one end of o, while the discharge pipe u fits with a stuffing box
through the other end. Into the interior of the cylinder o is fed a supply of a
suitable liquid or semi-liquid material that will act in an absorbant or purifying
manner upon the gas entering through e from the first apparatus, which material
is maintained by the centrifugal action in a thin layer upon the surface of the
cylinder.
The entering gas is thrown by the centrifugal action of the vanes against the

page_text: said layer of material and in flowing in intimate contact with the latter, it will be
effectually acted upon thereby, for the absorption of carbonic acid, or other
impurities therefrom. The absorbant material, such as milk of lime, is introduced
into one end of the cylinder through the fixed pipes and after flowing along the
same, passes at the other end into the circular gutter whence it is taken by a
scoop pipe t, in order either to be again introduced into the other end of the
cylinder again, or to be led away to wherever required. The gas, after having
heen thus freed from carbonic acid and other impurities, flows off through the
pipe u. If the absorbant liquid is to be continuously fed back into the cylinder,
the pipe t may deliver it into a tank whence it is drawn by a force pump which
forces it through the pipe s, as indicated.
Figures 3 and 34 shew respectively a longitudinal section and a cross section of
the modified arrangement of the second apparatus in which a pulverulent absorbing
material such as dry slaked lime is employed instead of a liquid one. For this
purpose the revolving cylinder o may be of perforated metal or wire gauze, and
is surrounded by a stationary closed casing, through stuffing boxes on the ends
of which the necks p of the cylinder o pass. The central fan q is formed tubular
for receiving the gases from the pipe e and has a number of tubular radial arms,
between which are fixed the fan blades r.
Thus the gases entering through e are thrown by centrifugal action against the
layer of pulverulent material which is maintained by centrifugal action upon the
inner surface of the perforated cylinder o, and they consequently pass through such
material and through the perforated cylinder into the annular space surrounding
the latter. By this means the gases are brought into very intimate contact with
the absorbant material, whereby the latter will be made to effectually take up the
impurities of the former, the purified gases then passing off from the casing
through the branch pipe u. The absorbant material is introduced into the
cylinder o through the pipes at one end thereof and is actel upon by a series of
scrapers a¹ carried by a shaft b, so as to be stirred up and gradually fed forward
thereby, while at the same time it gradually falls through the perforations of the
cylinder into the surrounding casing, where it is caught up by a conveying worm c
which either conveys it away to be regenerated or otherwise treated, or it feeds it
back to the pipe s to be again passed through the apparatus.
The arrangement shewn at Figure 4 consists of three apparatus arranged in a
row and communicating with each other, so that the gas passes consecutively
through each of the apparatus. The first apparatus consists of a closed non-
jacketed cylinder a mounted with necks on driving rollers, and containing a fan
drum c with vanes d mounted on a shaft passing through stuffing boxes and carried
in external bearings. The gases to be treated enter the cylinder a through a pipa e
fitting with a stuffing box through the end plate thereof; it is thrown by the
centrifugal action of the vanes d against the cylinder, whereby the solid impurities
such as dust, soot, etc. as also the tar, are separated from the gas, and adhere to the
cylinder surface. At the same time the hot gases, in being made to flow intimately
in contact with the layer of tar by the centrifugal action of the vanes, will produce
an effectual evaporation of the watery constituents therefrom, thereby concentrating
the tar and at the same time cooling the gases by the evaporation. The tar etc. as
it accumulates on the cylinder flows along the same to the annular trough f whence
it is taken by a stationary sccop-pipe g which conveys it away, while the partially
cooled gas purified from tar and solid matter, passes through the pipe h into the
second apparatus, where it has its temperature farther reduced.
For this purpose
the cylinder a is in this case provided with a jacket in which cooling liquid is made
to circulate, entering through the stationary pipe i and revolving central pipe,
having a branch pipe k communicating with one end of the jacket while the other
end of the latter communicates by a pipe with a stationary pipe m through
which the circulating liquid flows off. The cylinder a contains a fan-drum c with
vanes d, which presses the entering gas by centrifugal action against the cooled
cylinder a whereby the remaining moisture is condensed therefrom as are also the

page_text: ammoniacal constituents contained therein, while at the same time the gases are
further cooled. The condensed ammoniacal liquor is collected in the annular
trough f from which it is removed by the stationary scoop-pipe n, while the purified
gas passes through the pipe z into the third apparatus which is of the same con-
struction and action as the horizontal apparatus in Figure 2, and serves for the
same purpose, namely to absorb the carbonic acid or other gaseous impurity from the
gas by means of an absorbant body, such as milk of lime supplied to the interior
of the cylinder o by the pipe s.
It will be evident that the said three apparatus can be arranged either side by
side, or one above the other, instead of as shown.
In all the above described constructions, the surfaces of the cylindrical casing
or drum can be made with vertical or horizontal corrugations, for increasing the
cooling surface and for producing increased friction of the gases upon the sail
surfaces. Such friction can also be increased by providing the said surfaces with
projecting pins, or metal strips, in which case the vanes of the fan drum would have to.
be notched in a corresponding manner, so as to provide a finger-like engagemзut
of the moving and stationary parts.
Lastly, it is to be observed that the introduction of the absorbant material and
of the cooling liquid, as also the removal of the condensed liquid, can be effected at
two or more points to or from a corresponding number of sections of the cylinders,.
instead of only at one point as described.
It is to be understood that the above described process of treating coal gas by
this invention is only given as an example, as it is equally applicable to all
processes where gases have either to be treated for their purification or where
gases and liquids or solids require to be subjected to reciprocal action by being.
brought intimately in contact with each other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the method of producing intimate frictional contact between gases and
liquids by centrifugal action set forth in the Specification to Patent No. 16726/92:
the modification whereby a layer of liquid or solid material of such a nature is
employed that by the reciprocal action of the gases or vapours and the said
material produced by the centrifugal action there will ensue either an absorption
of certain constituents of the one body by the other body, or a chemical reaction
of the one body upon the other, substantially as described."
2. In the method of producing intimate frictional contact between gases and
liquids by centrifugal action, set forth in the Specification to Patent No. 16726/92-
the modification whereby the thin layer of liquid against which the gases or
vapour is propelled is obtained from the gases or vapours themselves, by causing
the condensible and liquid constituents of the said gases or vapours and separated
therefrom by the centrifugal action to be retained upon the cylindrical or conical
impact surfaces, such liquid layer being concentrated by the high temperature of
the following body of gases, substantially as described.
. 3. In combination with the method of operating referred to in the second claim,.
subjecting the gases after the said separation of solid or liquid and condensible
constituents therefrom to a farther centrifugal action in connection with either
cooled surfaces that effect a farther condensation of constituents therefrom, or in
connection with a layer of materials having an absorbant or chemical action.
thereon such as is referred to in the first claim, or to both such actions in
succession, substantially as described.
4. Effecting a more or less perfect separation of solid or liquid constituents.
from the gases or vapours before they pass to the collecting or absorbing surfaces
referred to in the first claim, by leading the gases into an inner cylinder where
they are caused by centrifugal action to pass between or through revolving
surfaces, which 10tate in contrary directions to each other and to the collecting.

page_text: surface, thereby producing an intimate reciprocal action and frictional contact
between the particles of the gases and between these and the thin layer of liquid
on the outer surfaces, substantially as described.
5. In the method of producing intimate frictional action between gases and
liquids or vapours described in the Specification to Pateut No. 16726/92 the
arrangement whereby the gases or vapours are forced by means of centrifugal
action through a layer of liquid situated upon the inner surface of a revolving
cylinder, for the purpose of producing an effective mixing, absorbing, separating,
evaporating, heating, or distilling action, substantially as described.
6. In apparatus for carrying out the method of operating set forth in the
Specification to Patent No. 16726/92 the combination with the stationary or
rotating impact surfaces against which the gases or vapours are thrown by.
centrifugal action, of a closed preliminary separating device for separating by
centrifugal action the greater part of solid or liquid matter contained in the gases
or vapours, before these are thrown by centrifugal action against the layer of
liquid on the said impact surfaces, for effecting their complete purification from
separable constituents, substantially as described.
7. Apparatus for carrying out the process referred to in the third claim,
consisting of a cylindrical revolving or stationary chamber containing a revolving
fan-drum whereby the entering gases are propelled against the surface of the said
chamber, one part of such surface being adapted to receive the solid or liquid
impurities expelled from the said gases, while another part thereof, is either
adapted to be cooled externally eo as to condense condensible impurities from the
said gases or is adapted to be supplied with a layer of material having an
absorbant or a chemical action on the gases substantially as described.
8. Apparatus for carrying out the process referred to in the third claim
consisting of three cylindrical chambers each containing a revolving fan drum,
and communicating with each other in such manner that the gas to be treated
entering the first chamber is thrown by centrifugal force against the inner surface
thereof so as to deposit its solid and liquid impurities thereon, while on entering
the second chamber the gas is brought by the fan blades into intimate contact
with cooled surfaces whereby the condensible constituents are separated from the
gases, and on entering the third chamber the gases are brought by the fan blades
into intimate contact with a thin layer of liquid or solid material that will absorb
or combine with the gaseous impurities contained in the gases, substantially as
described.
9. Apparatus for subjecting gases to the action of solid materials or the
converse, consisting of a stationary casing containing a perforated or wire gauze
revolving cylinder, a pipe or shoot for supplying pulverulent material on to the
cylinder, a revolving fan drum within the perforated cylinder for propelling
the gases against the layer of material by centrifugal action a central inlet in
the casing for admitting gas into the perforated cylinder, an outlet at the top
of the casing for the escape of the gas after passing through the perforations of
the cylinder, a conveying worm at the bottom of the casing for conveying away
the pulverulent material passing through the perforations of the cylinder, and
stationary scrapers within the perforated cylinder for stirring the pulverulent
material thereon, substantially as described.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1896.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.