Improvements in Water Heaters or Steam Generators.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 5th June, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Heaters or Steam Generators.
I, ABRAM COX MOTT, of 1329 North Broad Street, in the City and County of
Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, one of the United States of America, Stove
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to certain improvements in water heaters or steam generators
especially adapted for use in heating buildings, and has for its object to construct a
water heater or steam generator in sections so that the sections can be coupled
together, to form a combined boiler and furnace some of the said sections forming the
crown and back wall of the fire pot, while other sections form the sides of the fire pot,
and a water chamber forms the front of the fire pot.
I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of
which:
-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a water heater or steam generator constructed
according to my invention;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 2-2, Figure 4;
Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 3-3, Figure 4;
Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view on the line 4-4, Figure
;
Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the centre sections of the apparatus.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of one of the side sections; and
Figure 7 is a side view of a modified form of the side sections.
A is the base of the boiler furnace which may be made up of a series of plates bolted
together, or it may consist of a single casting. Mounted in suitable bearings in this
base are the grate bars a preferably geared together by wheels a¹ one of the bars
having an extension a² by which the grate bars can be rocked.
The main body of the combined boiler and furnace is made up of the central
sections B and side sections D, shewn separately in Figures and 6 respectively;
these sections when set up in position form the sides and back of the structure, while
the front plate E, which extends from one side section D to the other, forms the front
of the structure. The sections B, D and front plate E, are mounted on the base A and
secured together in any suitable manner.
In the front plate E, is a fire door opening e, provided with a door E' and the flue
opening e' provided with a door E2, and in the base A which constitutes the ash-pit is
an opening c provided with a door C.
tho
Each section B is L-shaped as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the main body of the
section extending over the fire pot as shewn in Figure 4 and having a steam space b,
web b, and wedge shaped pocket or tongue & to contain water. On each side
web b1 are laterally projecting hollow ribs 3, 4 which form channels ff1 for the
passage of the products of combustion. The rib & extends from the front end towards
the back of the section and terminates some distance from the back leg &, forming
between the said back leg and the end of the rib a passage f2, whilst the rib ³
extends from the back leg 6 towards the front of the section and terminates some
distance from the front and forming a passage f³, between the end of the rib b³ and
the front plate E, so that the products of combustion pass from the fire pot up between
the pockets or tongues b² and through the passage f2 into the longitudinal passage f
DO71

page_text: and through the connecting passage f³ to the longitudinal passage f¹ into the down-
take G, and out through the extension G' to the smoke pipe or chimney G. The
down-take G in the present instance is made a separate casting bolted to the structure,
but it may be made an integral part of the structure as shewn in Figure 7.
g is a valve by means of which a direct communication can be made between the
down-take G, and the smoke pipe or chimney G2, when it is wished to convey
the products of combustion directly to the chimney.
The formation of the central sections B as described and shewn provides for holding
in each section a large quantity of water in a narrow space which is subjected on each
side to the direct action of the products of combustion, and also provides an ample
steam dome, whilst the pockets or tongues extending over the fire form between them
long flues for the products of combustion, which pass through the several passages to
the smoke pipe or chimney G².
The sections B and D are connected together by tie bolts I, I', one of which (1)
passes through openings in the side walls of the steam chamber, while the other
holt I passes through openings in the lower portion of the legs 65 of the sections ;
the tie bolts pass through the end sections D D and are provided with nuts, as shewn
in Figure 4. These two bolts hold the sections securely together the sections at the
openings and 7 being preferably ground so as to form water tight joints at these
parts. Washers of asbestos may be provided at the joints so as to insure a tight fit.
It will be noticed by referring to Figures 4 and 6 that the inner face of the upper
portion of each side section D is of the same contour as the sides of the central
sections B except that the passages ff' therein are deeper, and that the outside shell d
is inclined with the exception of an offset at the upper end which is vertical, the inside
shell being also inclined; this permits of the upper portion of the combustion chamber
being made narrower than the lower portion so that the water in the side sections will
be subjected to the direct action of the products of combustion.
The side recesses in the upper parts of the side sections communicate with chambers a
at the front and back so that the combustion chamber has a water jacket on three
sides; and in the front of the structure directly at the back of the front plate E, is a
water chamber H forming what may be termed a water-front which communicates by
pipes with one of the side sections D, as clearly shewn in Figure 6, although in
some instances this water-front H may be connected to an independent set of pipes.
Thus by this arrangement the fire pot is entirely surrounded by a water jacket.
The depending wedge shaped pocket or tongue portions of the central sections B
are inclined downward from front to back as shewn and are preferably rounded in
front so as to give head room at the fire door and so that all the sediment collected
in the upper portion of the sections will pass to the rear, legs and accumulate in the
bottom thereof which forms the mud drum as well as the manifold or header
communicating with the return tubes.
It will be seen that the passages or flues ff1 formed by the ribs of the section can
be readily cleansed through the opening e¹ in the front of the structure, the soot
collected in the upper flue f can be dragged to the front and discharged into the
lower fluef and the soot of the two flues can then be pushed to the rear and discharged
into the fire pot, so that it will be seen that the flues can be readily cleansed, and the
foul matter in the water owing to the peculiar construction of the sections will be
carried to the mud drum.
Each central section B is provided with an opening at the top to which can be
coupled a steam outlet pipe J so that, when required, two or more systems can
be coupled to the same boiler. Openings are made in the lower portion of each
central section so that the return tubes J of the different systems can be coupled in
the same manner, although in some instances one pipe may be used in which case
the other openings are closed by suitable caps or plugs, or a header or manifold
may be mounted above the structure to which the several pipes are connected and
this header or manifold can be connected at one or more points to the boiler.
It will be understood that the boiler is provided with suitable gauges,
regulators, etc., which are common to all structures of this type.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a water heater or steam generator the combination of the fire pot, a boiler
mounted above the fire pot and having a series of narrow depending pockets or
tongues extending into the combustion chamber from above and directly over the
fire pot, flues communicating with spaces between the pockets or tongues forming
the initial passages to direct the products of combustion to the flues, substantially
as herein before described.
2. The combination in a water heater or steam generator of the fire pot, a boiler
mounted above the fire pot, extentions of the boiler forming side walls and the back
of the fire pot, flues in the boiler section, narrow depending pockets or tongues
extending over the fire pot and communicating with the top portion and the back
portion of the boiler and forming the initial passages for the products of combustion
to the flues, substantially as herein before described.
3. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the fire pot, the side
sections and one or more central sections having depending pockets or tongues
extending over the fire pot, and flues formed in the said sections for the products of
combustion, the pockets or tongues forming initial passages to direct the products of
combustion to the flues, substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the fire pot, the side
sections and one or more central sections having depending pockets or tongues with
solid walls extending over the fire pot, and flues formed by the said sections for
the products of combustion, the said flues and pockets or tongues extending in a
direction at right angles to the front of the furnace, the passages formed by the said
pockets or tongues being the initial passages for the products of combustion,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
5. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the fire pot, the side
sections, central sections, flues formed in the side and central sections for the products
of combustion, each central section having a depending pocket or tongue extending
over the fire pot, the said pocket or tongue having an inclined bottom, and a leg
at the rear end of each section forming the back of the combustion chamber,
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
6. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the side and central
sections coupled together forming the boiler and sides and rear of the combustion
chamber, a front plate forming the front of the combustion chamber, with an
independent water section coupled to the boiler proper and forming the front wall of
the fire pot, substantially as hereinbefore described.
7. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the fire pot, side and
central boiler sections forming the sides and back of the combustion chamber, the
central sections having depending pockets or tongues extending over the fire pot,
flues in the said sections for the passage of the products of combustion and a down
flue G at the back of the central sections, the said down flue communicating with the
smoke pipe or chimney, substantially as hereinbefore described.
8. In a water heater or steam generator a boiler section having a portion forming
the crown of the fire box and an integral hollow tongue or pocket extending down
into the combustion chamber so that when two or more sections are placed side by side
the products of combustion will pass between the tongues or pockets to the flues,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
9. In a water heater or steam generator a boiler section consisting of a casting
L-shaped having a ribbed body portion and an integral depending tongue or pocket
adapted to extend over the fire pot and a back leg connected to the body portion and
to the tongue or pocket, substantially as hereinbefore described.
10. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the base section
carrying a grate, the hollow side sections and one or more L-shaped central sections
communicating with each other and forming the boiler and the combustion chamber,

page_text: the central sections having depending tongues or pockets extending over the fire pot,
flues formed between the sections the spaces between the tongues or pockets
communicating with the flues, and the plate secured to the front of the boiler and
forming the front wall of the combustion chamber, substantially as herein before
described.
11. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the base, the hollow
side sections and the hollow L-shaped central sections communicating with the side
sections, the side sections being inclined so that the combustion chamber will be
narrower at the top than at the bottom, and a front plate, and flues between the
sections communicating with the combustion chamber, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
12. The combination in a water heater or steam generator, of the fire pot, the grate,
the hollow side sections and L-shaped central sections forming the back and side walls
of the fire pot and combustion chamber, a front plate having a fire door, a water-front
at the back of the front plate and forming the front wall of the fire pot, the said water-
front being independent of the side and central sections of the boiler, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Dated this 97th day of Anril 1807
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.