IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1850

page_text: DALL
AND
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
BALDWIN and GEORGE COLLIER, both of Halifax, Mechanics, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth day of
December (One thousand eight hundred and fifty), in the fourteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Joseph Baldwin and George Collier, our exors, admors, and assigns,
Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the
said Joseph Baldwin and George Collier, our exors, admors, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Joseph Baldwin and George Collier, our exors,
admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS AND OTHER FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso, that we, the said Joseph Balwin and George Collier,
or one of us, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us, to be iurolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Joseph Baldwin and George Collier, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists, first, of improvements in the machinery used in the
manufacture of carpets, rugs, and other fabrics, produced by cementing nap or
pile on cloth.
Secondly, our Invention consists of improvements in machinery for warping
printed yarns.
Thirdly, our Invention consists of improvements in winding weft for weaving
carpets and other fabrics.
And, fourthly, our Invention consists of applying apparatus for stopping
parts of the looms when arranged for weaving carpets and other cut pile
fabrics woven and cut according to an Invention of which Letters Patent were
granted to Mr. Christopher Nickels in 1849.
In order that our Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us.
Hitherto, in manufacturing carpets, rugs, and other fabrics wherein the nap
or pile is produced by cementing the same to cloth, it has been usual to place
the colored yarns of fibrous material in a horizontal position in a suitable
box or receiver, so that the same may from time to time be protruded from the
outer edge thereof and have successive surfaces cut off therefrom after the
same have been cemented to cloths. By this arrangement the lower portions
of the yarns are pressed on by the upper portions, and hence arises a want of
uniformity in the quantity of pile on different parts of the surfaces so produced,
in addition to which the placing the circular knife in an upright position is
objectionable and offers inconveniences. Now, according to our present im-
provements, we so arrange the machinery that the colored yarns may be in an
upright position when being cut, and the knife on an upright axis, by which
means one part of the yarns will not press on the other, and the cutting will
be more conveniently and usefully accomplished; and we arrange apparatus
for sharpening the circular rotatory knife used for such purposes when in
motion, and we also apply apparatus to facilitate the removal of the piled
fabrics as they are cut off.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A.
Figure 1 shews a side view; Figure 2, a vertical and transverse section;
Figure 3, a plan of the upper part; Figure 4, a sectional plan of apparatus,
arranged for carrying out the first part of the Invention; Figures 5, 6, and 7
show various views of the frame for supporting the box or receiver to contain
the colored yarns when a suitable fabric is by means of cementing material
applied thereto, and by which the lengths of yarn are from time to time raised
so as to have cut off therefrom the required surface. a, a, is the framing;
6, b, are V guides for conducting the carriage c, upon which is placed the frame d,
and box or receiver e, containing the colored yarns, from which a surface is to
be cut by the circular knife f. The knife f is formed in segments, and affixed
to the ring f, which is secured to the disc f³, carried by the shaft or axis f³.
The axis fis, by means of suitable bearings a³, a', carried by the framing,
as shown. Motion is given to the knife by means of a strap or band from a
steam engine or other power acting upon the drum f', affixed to the axis f³.
g is a screw, which passes through a nut c', carried by the carriage c, so that
when rotary motion is given to the screw 9 the carriage c will be caused to
approach towards or recede from the knife f, according to the direction in
which the screw is made to revolve. Motion is given to the screw g in order
to bring the surface to be cut in contact with the knife in the following
manner-Upon the axis f³ is fixed the bevilled pinion g', which takes into and
gives motion to the bevilled tooth wheel g², fixed upon the shaft g³, which
is supported in bearings carried by the framing, as shewn, and at its outer
end carries a bevilled tooth wheel 9', which is in position to take into the
bevilled tooth wheel g', the boss wheel of which is capable of sliding on the
shaft g, so as to be in or out of gear with the pinion 9. The object of this
arrangement is that the knife may revolve without the screw g, and when
required the pinion g³ is brought in contact with the pinion g' by means of
the lever g', one end of which embraces the neck in the boss of the wheel g³;
the other is connected to the rod g³, which has notches, as shown, in order to
receive the stop gº, and thereby retain the pinion g³ in one or other position;
upon the lower end of the shaft 9' is affixed the bevilled pinion 910, which
takes into and drives the bevilled pinion g", affixed on the shaft g₁, upon which
is fixed the bevilled pinion g13, which takes into and drives the bevilled pinion g¹,
which is affixed to the pinion g15, which turns upon a fixed stud, and gives motion
to the toothed wheel g₁ affixed to the screw shaft g. In proceeding to cut off
a surface, we first attach, by sewing or otherwise, a piece of strong linen or
other fabric to the edge of the fabric cemented to the yarns where the cut is

page_text: to commence, and we pass such fabric under the roller h and connect it to
weighted cords; then as the knife revolves and the box or receiver approaches
the knife, and a surface is cut off thereby, the roller (which is covered with
points so as better to take hold of the fabric) will take the surface removed,
and the same will be held suspended and moved away by the weighted cords,
as indicated by the red dotted lines in Figure 1. The roller h receives motion
from the bevilled pinion go, when that pinion is brought into gear with the
bevilled pinion g', in the following manner:-Upon one end of the roller his
fixed a pinion h¹, which, by means of the intermediate wheel h³, receives
motion from the pinion h³ fixed upon the axis of the pinion h', which receives
motion from the toothed wheel h³ fixed to the bevilled pinion he, which
receives motion from the bevilled pinion h' fixed on the shaft h³, upon the
upper end of which is fixed the worm wheel ho, which receives motion from
the screw wheel h upon the shaft of the pinion h", which, by means of the
intermediate wheel h¹, receives motion from the pinion h¹s affixed to the
bevilled pinion h", which is in position to receive motion from the bevilled
pinion when that pinion is raised into gear, as before described. The axis
h³ is capable of sliding in its bearings and of being thrown out of gear with
the pinion ho by means of the hand lever h¹. It also admits of the pinion h®
slipping a tooth to accommodate the surface speed of the roller h to different
thicknesses of cloth, back cemented to the rug or other nap fabric being cut.
When the surface has been cut off, the driving strap is thrown off the fast
pulley on to the loose pulley f*, and the bevilled pinion g is lowered from
contact with the pinion g', and the screw 9 is caused to travel in the reverse
direction and at greater speed in order to bring back the carriage c and box or
receiver from the knife by means of a strap acting upon the fixed pulley i,
which is affixed to the shaft, upon which is fixed the bevilled pinion ³, which
takes into and drives the bevilled pinion is fixed on the upright shaft g. We
would here state that we prefer the V guides to have a slight inclination down;
wards in a direction towards the knife to facilitate the clearing of the fibre
when the cut has been effected. The box or receiver e, shown by red lines, is
such as has heretofore been used, the only difference being that it is retained
in a horizontal position when the cutting is to be effected, in place of, as
heretofore, it then being placed in a vertical position. This box or receiver
is mounted upon the frame d, which has carrying wheels d', d, to facilitate its
removal from one place to another, and when the frame d is placed on the
carriage c the wheels d' hang over the side of the carriage c and the wheels d³
fall into the recesses c³, and then the frame d is supported by the feet ds.
The bottom of the box e is supported upon the ends of the screws d*,

page_text: which have uniform motion given to them in order to raise uniformly
the bottom and the colored yarn contained in the box by means of the
shaft d, upon which are fixed the bevilled pinions d', which take into
and are capable of driving the bevilled tooth surfaces formed on the under
side of the tooth wheels d', which take into and drive the tooth wheels d³,
in the bosses of which are affixed nuts by which the screws d' are raised or
lowered; the screws d' are prevented turning by means of the plates do,
which act as keys, as shewn; the shaft d³ is turned by a key on its square
end d*. When the bottom e' has been raised as high as the screws d' will
admit, they are lowered, and additional pieces, such as shown at Figures Y, Z,
are added as lengthening pieces to the tops of the screws d*, and they are
again worked as before. We have found it advantageous to have a support
to the screw g when such is of considerable length; and as it is important
that whatever support is used should be so arranged as to admit of the nut of
the carriage c passing, we will describe an arrangement which we have found
to answer :-, l, are two supports, one of which is constantly bearing under
the screw, they are connected together by the links 11, 1, and slide upon the
fixed bars 12; the links have horns or prejections 13, which are acted upon
by the parts of the carriage c to shift the position of the bearings I, I, and
admit of the nut passing. The sharpening of the knife f is effected by means
of hones j, some on the under and some on the upper surface; these hones j
are supported in boxes j', carried by the axis ja, which have pins through them
to admit of a slight regulation of the pressure of the stones on the knife by
means of the springs j³. Upon the axis js of the stones are affixed tooth
wheels j', which are geared together by means of the intermediate wheels, as
shown; the axis of these pinions are affixed to the frames jo and jo, which are
capable of sliding vertically on the rod 77, and are supported by means of the
excentric rods je from the excentrics j' affixed on the shaft j10. By a partial
revolution of this axis the hones will be brought into or removed from contact
with the knife; this is effected by means of the handle j¹¹, upon which is
affixed the pinion j", which takes into and drives the pinion is upon the
axis j; this handle ju is also the means of throwing other of the parts into
position to give rotary motion to the hones, as we will now proceed to
describe. We find it important that the knife when it is being sharpened
should have a slow motion given to it; this we accomplish in the following
manner Upon the loose pulley f* is fixed a friction pulley k, which is
capable of giving motion to the pulley k upon the shaft ³, carried by the
frame, which turns upon centres *; the outer end of the frame k³ is by
means of the link connected to the one end of the lever k, the other end

page_text: of which is connected by means of the rod k to the lever handle j", by raising
which the hones will be brought in contact with the surfaces of the knife, and
the frame will be moved, so as to bring the drum k in contact with the
drum k, by which, when the loose pulley is in motion, motion will be given to
the axis, upon which is fixed the pinion ks, which takes into and drives the
toothed wheel, affixed upon the shaft or axis k¹, upon which is fixed the
pinion, which, by means of the intermediate wheel k*, drives the tooth
wheelf affixed on the shaft of the knife f, thus giving a slow motion to that
knife; upon the axis is also affixed the pulley k¹, partly around which
passes the band ¹³, which is conducted over the guide pulleys A, thence under
the pulley upon the shaft or axis k, upon which is fixed the bevilled tooth
wheel, which takes into and gives motion to the bevilled tooth wheel k¹
upon the shaft k, upon which are affixed the two pinions * and *, which
give motion respectively to the upper and lower set of stones, as shewn.
We will now describe the second part of our Invention, which consists of
improvements in the machinery for warping printed yarns prepared accord-
ing to the Invention for which Letters Patent were formerly granted to
Tigu
I SHOWS &
view of one part, and Figure 4, a side view of apparatus according to this part
of our Invention. The yarns, as heretofore, are wound upon bobbins, but in
place of the bobbins being placed in parallel lines, side by side, they are placed
in radial lines, or nearly so, and in sets, as shown, by which the yarns are more
readily drawn off the bobbins, which is an important improvement. The yarns
then pass over or under the guide rollers a, a, carried by the framing of
the carriage A through the reed 6 and between the bars c, d, which have
felt surfaces at c, d, by which better to hold the portion of yarn when
pinched between them. The upper bar c is fastened to the framing of the
carriage A; the lower bar d is capable of being pinched in close contact with
the bar c by means of excentrics e, e, on the axis e', which is capable of being
turned partly round by means of the handle e³, and then retained as required
by the friction of the springs e*. Heretofore the upper of the bars used had
to be removed from the apparatus when the pressure was required to be
removed from the yarns during the "setting," and when the "setting" was
effected that bar was replaced and screwed down by moveable nuts; but by
the arrangement above described it will be seen that the removal of the bar
from the apparatus is rendered unnecessary, by which a considerable saving of

page_text: time is effected. The yarns then pass over the setting bar A' to the stationary
frame B through other similar bars f, f', at that part of the apparatus, and
thence by the reed b¹ to the beam g, which is similar to those now in use,
except that there is a weighted pressing roller h applied on the under side of the
beam, as shown, in order to aid in laying the yarns on the beam. And we
would here state that we are aware that weighted rollers have been applied on
the upper surface of the beam, but we have found a considerable advantage
to result from placing it on the under side, and also from the mode of weighting
the pressing rollers. The bars f, f¹, are similar to the bars c, d, except that
they are both moveable, so as to rise as the beam g becomes filled. This is
effected in the following manner:-
The pressing roller h is supported in lever arms h¹ from the axis h³, and
those levers are at their other ends formed into racks h³, which take into the
pinions fixed on the axis ho, upon which is fixed the ratchet wheel ho.
There is also a lever h', which turns loosely upon the axis h, and which carries
the catch or driver h³, and when the end h of the lever h' is weighted, as
shown, and as the beam g fills, the tendency will be by forcing down the
roller h to lift the weight, and thereby obtain compression of the yarns. The
weight may be removed or adjusted as required by releasing the driver h³;
i, i, i, are links which connect the levers h¹ with the axis j, which by means of
the links f is connected to the bar f, and as the bar f¹ rests upon the
excentrics formed on the axis j, the bars f, f', will rise as the beam fills; ; is
a shaft, with a handle and excentrics, by turning which the parts f, f', are
brought close together to finish the yarns as required. The yarns having been
"set," the bar d is to be tightened up to the bar c, so as to hold those ends of
the yarns, and the bars f, f¹, are relieved of pressure; then by turning the
handle g', upon which is formed the pinion g', which takes into and drives the
tooth wheel g³ upon the axis of the beam, will draw on the length of warp "set."
Friction is put on the drum k, affixed to the fore axle of the carriage A, by the
band k¹ and weighted lever 1, upon which is formed the pinion, which takes
into the toothed racks formed upon the lever, to which the band is fixed,
as shown. m, m, are the seats for the girls employed as "setters."
We will now proceed to describe the third part of our Invention, which has
for its object improvements in winding weft for the manufacture of carpets and
other fabrice

page_text: being wound on to shuttle bobbins, and the object of the arrangement is to
obtain a quicker traverse of the thread or yarn across the bobbin in one
direction than in the other, by which the thread or yarn will be found to be
more readily removed from the bobbin; the thread or yarn will be more evenly
laid thereon, and when the thread or yarn breaks the end will be more easily
found. This motion we obtain by the use of the heart form cam a, affixed to
the axis of the tooth wheel b, which receives motion from the worm wheel c,
affixed on the axis d of the drums or cylinders e, which drive the bobbins, as is
well understood by persons using such machines. The cam a acts upon the
truck or roller f of the lever f', which by means of the link f* is connected
to the frame g, which supports the guides g' for the thread or yarn from the
swifts to the bobbins h; the lever f is borne up to the cam a by means of a
weighted cord i, or by other suitable means.
Figure 3 shows an end view, and Figure 4 a front view, of one arrange-
ment of apparatus for winding weft on to shuttle bobbins. a, a, is the
framing; 6 is the main shaft, to which motion is given from a steam
engine or other power by means of a strap acting upon the drum or pulley c
on the main axis, on which is also affixed the drum or cylinder d, which
extends from side to side of the machine, and by means of cords e gives
motion to the spindles f, upon the upper ends of which are placed the
bobbins to be filled as shown by the dotted lines. The yarn to be used
is drawn off from the bobbins g, and it passes from those bobbins
partly around the tension rods h, h, thence it is guided by means of the hook
instrument on to the bobbins k. These instruments i are carried upon
studs projecting upwards from the bar , and they are each pressed towards
the bobbin by means of springs 2, one end of which rests against the side
of the instrument i and the other enters into the collar ³, the position
of which is capable of being regulated by the set screw it. It is important
that the coils of thread or yarn be laid on evenly, and also that more be
laid on towards the middle, by which the bobbin will have a like form to
those now filled by hand. That this may be accomplished, the bar has the
motion given to it, which we will now proceed to describe. Upon the axis 6 is
fixed a pulley j, which by means of the band gives motion to the pulley 1, which
is fixed upon the hollow spindle upon the bevilled pinion °, which takes into
and drives the bevilled pinion m on the shaft or axis m', upon which slides so as
to travel with it the roller m³, which is covered with leather or other suitable
flexible material, so as by its elastic pressure to give motion to the dise n on the
axis n', on which is fixed the pinion n², which takes into and drives the toothed
wheel o upon the axis o, upon which is fixed the heart wheel o², which in its

page_text: revolution acts upon the nib p² at the lower end of the T lever p, which turns
upon the centre pin p³, and at its outer end p' a slot is formed to receive one
end of the pin q, carried by the link q². The other end of the pin q passes into
a similar slot formed in the lever r, which turns upon the centre r¹; thus
whatever movement is given to the lever p, is, by means of the pin q, commu-
nicated to the lever r, and this lever is connected by means of the links to an
arm s', affixed to the shafts, upon which are fixed arms s³, 83, which, by means
of the rods t and u, support the bar i, and communicate to it an up-and-down
motion to lay on the thread or yarn. The upper end of the lever p carries a
driver p, which takes into the teeth of the segment v, so as to move it out-
wards one tooth each revolution of the heart wheel o². The tooth segment is
formed at the upper end of the arm to a pin, projecting from which is
attached the other end of the link q', so that, as the winding on to the bobbins
takes place, the pin q is progressively taken backwards, shortening the distance
of the motion of the lever r, and consequently of the instruments i, which lay
the thread or yarn on to the bobbins. And in order that the thread or yarn
whilst it has a shorter distance to travel may yet be laid in close coils on the
bobbins we make use of the following arrangement:-Upon the shaft to
which the arm is affixed is also affixed the arm³, to the upper end of
which is affixed the link pins from which pass into the neck formed in
the boss of the friction wheel n, by which that wheel will be progressively
drawn in towards the axis of the disc n, and cause that disc to travel
with progressively increased speed. When the tooth segment has moved a
certain distance backwards, the inclined surface of the plate offered thereto
will come under the strap rod w and raise that rod off the stop on the
guide w', when by the spring w³ the strap guide will be thrown off the fast.
or to the loose pulley, and the motion of the apparatus will be stopped.
Previous to setting the machine in motion, in order to fill fresh bobbins, the
driver p and stop a must be lifted, so as to allow of the lever arms v¹ and v³
going back to their starting position, with the wheel m, pressing against the
outer surface of the disc n.
Figures 5 and 6 show parts of apparatus for a mode of winding on weft
on to that kind of shuttle bobbins commonly called pin bobbins, from which
the thread or yarn is drawn off at the end of the bobbin, and it consists
in giving a quicker traverse to the instrument for laying on the thread,
while the thread is being wound on to the bobbin, in one direction than in
the other. a is the drum shaft; and b, the drum, which, by means of
bands or ends c, gives motion to the pulleys d, the bosses of which are
formed into necks, which are supported so as to revolve in the framing, as.

page_text: shown. Through these pulleys d are formed flat or square openings to receive
the flat-ended rods e, which receive the bobbins f, and these are caused to
revolve with the spindles or rods e by means of the pins e¹ passing into the
ends of the bobbins f. The outer ends of the bobbins fare supported by the arms
g from the shaft h, which is borne inwards by means of the weighted cord i.
The thread or yarn from the bobbins ; passes up over and under the tension
rods k, l, through the guide bar m² and cup or presser n to the bobbin. The
guide bar is guided by the framing, and is controlled in its movement by
means of the heart cam o, such cam acting upon the arm p affixed to the
shaft q, which has other arms q', which by means of the links q* are con-
nected to the guide bar m, the effect of which will be, that whilst the the
thread or yarn is being laid on to the bobbin in one direction it will be laid
thereon in close coils, but in the opposite direction the thread or yarn will
make a much quicker traverse, and but a few coils will take place. And,
although we prefer the form of cam shown, we do not confine ourselves
to that arrangement; variations may be made without departing from this
part of our Invention. And it will be found that bobbins with the thread or
yarn wound on as described will more readily and evenly deliver their weft
than when, as is commonly the practice, the weft is wound on equally in both
directions of the winding. We have also found it important to arrange the
parts so that the bobbins whilst receiving the weft may be horizontal or nearly
So. When any of the bobbins are full, it will only be necessary to turn the
arm g a little sideways and remove the pin which secures the bobbin to the
rode; the bobbin may then be drawn off the rod e, and whilst so doing, the
short arm h¹, by coming against the pin d' of the pulley d, will prevent that
revolving, by which a fresh bobbin may more readily be introduced on to the
stem 6. When that is done, the arm g will be again drawn to the end of the
spindle I, and the pulley d will be released, and will revolve by its cord c.
We will now describe the fourth part of our Invention, which has for its
object the application of means for stopping parts of looms when weaving cut
And we would
pile fabrics by power should the weft not be thrown across.
state, in respect to this part of our Invention, that various means have hereto-
fore been employed for stopping parts of looms worked by power and for
weaving various kinds of fabrics, but we believe that heretofore power looms
suitably arranged and constructed for weaving and cutting piled fabrics
according to the Invention of the said Chistopher Nickels have not had
combined therewith suitable means for stopping the parts thereof when the
weft is not thrown across, and this part of our Invention consists of combining
suitable apparatus to stop parts of power loonis when constructed and

page_text: the apparatus used by Mr. Christopher Nickels according to his Invention for
raising and cutting the pile, as the same are fully described in the Specification
of his Patent. The Drawings, however, shew the portion of the cutting
apparatus.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS D.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 a sectional plan, of so
much of a power loom arranged for manufacturing pile or terry fabrics, as
will serve to illustrate this part of our Invention. a, a, are fingers, attached
to the arms a', which are affixed to axes a², and the two pairs of fingers are
connected together; there being links 6 from the arms a¹ to arms c, which.
are affixed to the axis d, so that whatever interferes with the motion of one
will also act upon the other pair of fingers.
The axes a are supported, as shown, by the batten, so as to move with it,
and when the batten is in the front to make the beat up the weight of the
parts would cause the fingers a to fall into recesses formed for them in the
batten, provided no weft has been thrown across the shed after the last beat
up, when the arm e fixed to one of the axes a³ will come against the stud f
projecting from the swinging arm f¹, which turns at its upper end upon a pin
f, carried by the framing, and at its lower end is connected by means of the
link g with the frog h, which will then be moved forward and release the
setting-on rod i, which, as is well understood, will then move the lever j,
to throw the strap off the fixed on to the loose pulley, and thus stop the
movements of the loom. If the weft has been properly laid in the shed the
fingers a will then fall on the weft, and be supported by it, and the arm e will
miss the stud f, and the loom will go on working. k is a roller (carried by
the framing), which as the batten goes back acts upon the arm e to depress it,
and thus cause the fingers a to be raised, as shown, out of the way of the
shuttle when it is to be thrown across.
We would here state, that although we have shown the stopping apparatus
to act to throw the driving strap off the fast on to the loose pulley we do not
confine ourselves to that mode, as the same may be arranged to act only on
parts of the loom, in place of throwing them wholly out of motion; in such
cases stopping apparatus will be found especially useful to throw the cutting
instruments out of action, and thus prevent the warp being cut before it has
been tied in by the weft.

page_text: If desired a bell or other instrument may be acted on by the stopping
apparatus so as to draw the attention of the weaver, and this is desirable when
the apparatus is arranged to stop only part of the movements of a loom.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that we do not confine
ourselves to the details herein given, and the same may be varied so long as
the peculiar character of any part our Invention be retained. But what we
claim is,―
First, the improvements in machinery herein described in manufacturing
carpets and other fabrics produced by cementing nap or pile to cloths.
Secondly, we claim the improvements herein described in machinery for
warping or beaming printed yarns.
Thirdly, we claim the improvements in machinery for winding weft by
power for carpets woven by hand, and we also claim the improvements for
winding weft for carpet and other weaving by employing a slow traverse in
one direction and a fast traverse in the other.
And, fourthly, we claim the applying apparatus for stopping parts of the
machinery, should the weft not be thrown across, in looms constructed and
arranged suitably for weaving carpets or other cut pile fabrics by power, when
working according to the Invention of the said Christopher Nickels.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Collier, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
Enrolled the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-one.