IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SUGAR CANE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF SUGAR THEREFROM, AND IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE TRASH OR RESIDUUM, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SUGAR CANE FOR THE EXTRACTION
OF SUGAR THEREFROM, AND IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE TRASH OR RESIDUUM,
AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."-A com-
munication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Java Mignon and
Stanislas Hen Rouart, both of Paris, in thc Republic of France,
Engineers.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th July 1875.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SUGAR CANE FOR
THE EXTRACTION OF SUGAR THEREFROM, AND IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE TRASH OR
RESIDUUM, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Jean Baptiste Java Mignon and

page_text: Stanislas Henri Rouart, both of Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineers, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved mode of treating sugar canc
whereby the cost of the machinery required for the purpose is greatly
reduced, and the sugar is extracted more completely and economically
than by the use of the rollers ordinarily employed, and also to the
utilization of the trash or residuum from the operation of treating the
canc.
According to this Invention the sugar cane is reduced in a similar
manner to beetroot by the employment of grinding or pounding
machinery, which may be readily moved from place to place, and which
admits of the cane being operated upon at the place where it is produced
if required.
The machinery which I prefer to employ for the purpose is constructed
and arranged in the following manner :—
The machine consists essentially of a shaft provided with arms or
knives and rotating within a fixed cylindrical case, provided internally
with corresponding adjustable projections or knives, between which the
arms or knives fitted upon the shaft pass as they revolve
The cancs
are fed into a hopper provided for the purpose on the upper side of the
cylinder at one end, and are ground or reduced between the projections
on the interior of the cylinder and the revolving arms or knives, which
are arranged helically upon the shaft, so as to carry' the canes as they
are ground or reduced forward and discharge them at the other end of
the cylinder
Other suitable grinding or pounding machinery may a
however be employed for the purpose.
The operation is carried out in the following manner.-The sugar
cane having been cut into suitable lengths subjected to the action of
the grinder, which is analogous to the rasp used in the manufacture of
beetroot sugar, and the juice proceeding therefrom is thence conducted a
to the sugar factory direct by means of pipes or other conduits.
The trash or woody residuum obtained by the treatment of the canc
by these means may be utilized in various ways. Some portions for
example on leaving the grinder may be made into compressed cakes
destined to serve as fuel. Other portions, for example such as are 3
destined for the manufacture of paper pulp, may be subjected to a

page_text: second grinding or pounding in the machine herein-before described or
any other machine suitable for the purpose, after which the portions
so treated may be compressed into cakes or balls so as to be readily
transported to the mills.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Hei Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-ninth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Ier heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that
I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE Treatment OF SUGAR CANE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF SUGAR THEREFROM, AND
IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE TRASH OR RESIDUUM, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR,” a communication to me from abroad
by Jean Baptiste Java Mignon and Stanislas Henri Rouart, both of
Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineers, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
"

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say
--
The said Invention relates to an improved mode of treating sugar
cane whereby the cost of the machinery required for the purpose is
greatly reduced, and the sugar is extracted more completely and
economically than by the use of the rollers ordinarily employed, and also
to the utilization of the trash or residuum resulting from the operation
of treating the cane.
According to the said Invention the sugar cane is reduced in a similar
manner to beetroot by the employment of grinding or pounding
machinery, which may be readily moved from place to place, and which
admits of the cane being operated upon at the place where it is produced
if required.
In carrying out the said Invention any suitable arrangement of
grinding or pounding machinery may be used, but it is preferred to
employ a machine of the construction shown on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, in which Figure 1 represents an end elevation, Figure 2 a
side elevation; Figure 3 a plan; and Figure 4 a transverse section taken
along the line 1, 2, 3, 4, Figure 3. The same letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts in all the Figures
This machine consists of a bed plate a supporting the plummer
blocks 6 for carrying the shaft c, on which there are mounted fast and
loose pulleys & for receiving a rotatory motion from a steam engine or
other suitable prime mover, and a pinion e for transmitting such motion
by means of the spur wheel
apparatus. The shaft g passes through the cylindrical case or barrel h,
mounted on the bed plate a before mentioned, and is provided in the
interior of the barrel with collars having arms or projections, Figure 4,
keyed upon it and rotating with it, and the barrel h is also provided
internally with stationary projections 2, which are capable of being
adjusted by means of the screws j and hand wheels h, as to cause
them to project more or less into the interior of the barrel as required.
and shaft g to the grinding or reducing
In operating with this apparatus the cane which has been previously
cut into suitable lengths is fed into the hopper 1, whence it gradually

page_text: descends into the barrel h, and the shaft g being set in motion the canes
50 supplied are ground or reduced under the action of the revolving
arms or projections & passing between the stationary projections 2*, tho
operation being analogous to that of the rasp employed in the manu-
facture of beetroot sugar The revolving arms are arranged helically
upon thic shaft, so that their action also tends to carry the canes under
treatment towards the other end of the barrel h, where the produce is
discharged through a central aperture at m provided for the purpose.
The juice is conducted to the sugar factory direct by means of pipes
or other conduits. The trash or residuum resulting from the operation
is utilized in various ways For example, it may be compressed into
the form of cakes or blocks and employed as fuel, or it may be employed
in the production of paper pulp, in which latter case it should be further
reduced by being subjected again to a grinding or pounding operation
either in the machine herein-before described or in any other machine
adapted for the purpose, after which the trash in its reduced condition
may be compressed into cakes or balls, so as to be readily transported
to the place where it is required to be used.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion, that what I consider
to be novel and original and thercforc claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,—
-
First. The mode or method of extracting sugar from sugar cane by
subjecting the cancs to the action of gunding or pounding apparatus
substantially as herein-before described.
Second. The utilization of the trash or residuum resulting from the
before-mentioned operation, substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set my hand and scal, this Twentieth day of
January, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.