Improvements in Combined Closets and Cinder Sifters.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 28th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Mar., 1887.
Improvements in Combined Closets and Cinder Sifters.
1 JONATHAN HEAP of 13 Park Street Greenheys Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Earth Closet Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved form of cinder sifter used in combination
with an improved type of earth closet. In my improved apparatus the ash is
separated from the cinder and used at the required times for the purposes of the closet
while the screened cinders are led to another exit and removed. The sifter which is
placed above and in a suitable position with relation to the closet, consists of an
upright casing or box provided with a lid or opening at the top through which the
ashes are introduced. Within the casing are two inclined screens of wire gauze or
perforated metal or other suitable material. The cinders are thrown by a deflecting
board upon the first inclined screen down which they slide by their own gravity
During this downward movement the ash is separated and falls through the screen
towards the bottom of the casing. The second screen is inclined at an opposite angle
to the first and is boxed in by a sloping roof which conducts the ashes from the first
screen past and on each side of the second screen to the bottom of the casing. The
cinders are further cleansed in their progress over the second inclined screen, the
separated ash falling directly to the bottom of the casing while the cinders make their
exit at the foot of the second screen. A greater number of screens than two might be
used. The bottom of the casing forms an ash receptacle and in the bottom of the said
receptacle is an orifice which communicates with a rocking hopper. The said hopper
is pivotted within the lower part of the casing and is attached at the front by a link
to the back of the hinged closet seat, while to the back of the hopper is suspended a
counterbalance weight which tends to pull the hopper back and keep the hinged seat
in its raised position. When in its normal pósition, that is to say when the closet seat
is unoccupied, the communication between the hopper and the ash receptacle is cut

page_text: off, but when the seat is depressed by the weight of an occupant the hopper is turned
on its pivot so as to be placed in communication with the ash chamber and be filled
with ash therefrom. The same movement of the hopper closes it at the foot by
bringing the hopper mouth against the inclined board which conducts the ash to the
excreta receptacle or pan. When the occupant rises the counter balance weight pulls
the hopper back and raises the seat. The hopper in rotating cuts off communication
with the ash chamber and uncovers the delivery mouth allowing the charge of ash
contained in the hopper to fall out on the inclined board by which it is directed to the
pan. An adjustable ledge may be used to increase or diminish the velocity of the
descending charge of asli. I may arrange for the hopper to be actuated by the move-
ment of the hinged lid of the closet seat.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.

page_text: I JONATHAN HEAP of 13 Park Street, Greenheys. Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Earth Closet Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be perforined to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
This Invention relates to an improved form of cinder sifter used in combination
with an improved type of earth closet. In my improved apparatus the ashes, are
separated from the cinders and are used at the required times for the purposes of the
closet and the screened cinders are discharged from the apparatus.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same; reference being had to the annexed
drawings. In the said drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the combined cinder
sifter and closet. Fig. 2 is a front Elevation of the same and Fig. 3 is a plan of the
closet part of the apparatus. In the said Figs. A is the cinder sifter which is super- .
imposed upon the back part of the closet B. In Fig. 3 the part A is left out in order
that the feeding hopper may appear. The said cinder sifter consists of an upright
rectangular case or box a which is formed at the top with an opening which can be
closed by means of a hinged lid or door a¹. Within the said case are mounted two
inclined screws c d which are made of wire gauze or of perforated metal or of other
suitable reticulated or perforated material. The said screens are inclined in opposite
directions so that matters falling upon the upper screen and not passing through the
same are discharged on to the upper part of the lower screen. Between these two
screens is a partition e which is roof-shaped that is to say it slopes downward in both
directions from the centre line. The formation of this partition is indicated in Fig. 4
which represents a Vertical Section on the line 2 in Fig. 1. The said partition e
forms a roof to an inclined passage which is left between the said partition and the
lower screen d. The said screen is narrower at the lower end than at the upper end
as seen in Fig. 5 which represents a Cross Section on the line 1 in Fig. 1. Between
the side edges of the screen and the walls of the case are two vertical partitions g g
which may be boards or close partitions or be screens as preferred. These partitions
are connected by their upper edges with the outer edges of the sloping roof e.
Between the partitions and the walls of the case vertical passages h are left and
through these passages any matters which fall upon the roof e are deflected into the
lower space i of the sifter without falling upon the screen d. The action of the sifter
is as follows: Cinders and ashes are introduced through the opening at the top of
the casing a deflecting board directing the said matters on to the upper part of the
screen c. As the matters slide down this screen ashes pass through and are directed
by the sloping sides of the roof e into the side passages through which they pass
into the space which serves as a receptacle or reservoir for the supply of the closet.
The screened cinders pass out through an opening at k into a suitable receptacle. If

page_text: preferred more than two screens might be used but two will generally be found to be
sufficient for the purpose. In the closet part B of the apparatus is the seat which
is hinged at the front edge to the lower casing bor the said seat is otherwise
mounted or arranged so that it can be inclined by raising the back part somewhat into
the position indicated in Fig. 1. Below the receptacle is mounted a hopper m which
is carried by side pivots n so that it can swing easily partly around a centre of motion.
The upper part of this hopper is connected by means of a link o with the back part
of the seat and with the other or back side of the hopper is connected a weight p
which is of sufficient gravity to turn the hopper in the direction indicated by the
arrow into the position represented in Fig. 1 and thereby to raise the back part of a
seat . When the seat is unoccupied the parts remain in the indicated positions. The
upper part of the hopper is curved and is set to clear the lower curved end of the
mouth piece a curved plate on the hopper closing the opening in the said mouth
piece and preventing the passage of ashes from the receptacle. In the upper end of
the hopper is an opening which can be brought below the said opening by the
turning of the hopper upon its pivots. The lower end of the hopper is formed with
an inclined mouth and the same movement which brings the upper opening below the
opening as aforesaid brings this mouth against a sloping backs whereby the said
mouth is closed. When the seat is depressed by the weight of an occupant the
seat falls into a horizontal position and acting upon the hopper brings the upper
opening in the same below the discharge opening the mouth at the bottom of the hopper
being closed as aforesaid. The hopper will then be filled with ashes from the receptacle.
When the occupant rises the weight p draws back the upper end of the hopper thereby
closing the opening and at the same time opening the mouth at the bottom of the
hopper. The charge of ashes in the hopper will then fall on to the sloping back
which will direct the ashes into the pan or receptacle t. An adjustable ledge might be
used to increase or diminish the velocity of the descending charge of ashes. I may
arrange for the hopper to be actuated or controlled by the opening and closing
movements of the hinged lid u of the closet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
(1) The two inclined screens separated by a partition or roof which directs ashes
passing through the upper screen into side passages substantially as set forth and
indicated.
(2) In a combined cinder sifter and closet the hopper mounted upon pivots and
arranged to open and close a-hopper-filling opening and to open and close a discharge
mouth at the bottom of the hopper by a swinging or rocking movement of the hopper
in combination with parts for controlling the movements of the hopper by means of
the seat or of the hinged lid substantially as and for the purpose set forth. and
indicated.
(3) The combination of parts forming the complete apparatus constructed and acting
substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in the
accompanying drawings.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.