Improvements in Gas Engines or Motors.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Engines or Motors.
I, LARS AMUNDSEN ENGER, of Christiania, in the Kingdom of Norway,
Factory Owner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Our invention relates to gas engines or motors whereby we not only simplify their
construction and economize the consumption of gas, but effect the mixture of gas
and air before their entrance into the cylinder in a safe, complete and simple manner
and secure the regulation of power of the machine by means of a simple arrangement
of governor.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a gas-motor constructed according to our
invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same partly in section.
Figures 3 and 4 are face and edge views respectively of the wheel which carries
the cams or eccentrics.
Figure 5 is a side view partly in section of the valve box or casing.
Figure 6 is a plan of the same.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of the governor.
Figure 8 is a section of part of the ignition chamber shewing the ignition tube.
Figures 5 to 8 are drawn to a larger scale than Figures 1 to 4.
On standards a', a² (Figures 1 and 2) is a frame & and cylinder c, connected by
screws passed through flanges b³, c'. The cylinder c, provided with a water-jacket c
is continued as shewn at c in Figure 2, into the frame b; d is the piston provided
with springs d and with a pivot d³, to which is connected the connecting rod e,
which through the crank f' on the shaft operates the piston d'up and down. The
actuation of the engine is effected by the following arrangement :-
9 is a pinion, secured to the crank shaft f and serving to actuate a toothed wheel h.
This toothed wheel h rotates on a spindle i at half the speed of the pinion g. To
the toothed wheel h are fixed 3 cams or eccentrics h¹, h³, h (Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4).
The cam placed on the inner side of the toothed wheel h, operates at a certain
point of the rotation on a roller k¹, which by a pivot is fixed to the rod k and forces
the latter to slide in bearings 1, 1. The other end of the rod k is provided with a
fork, to which is attached a lever k³ connected to the governor of the engine, and
when the latter is running at a normal speed acts upon the valve rod m³ of the
valve m'. By this means the valve is opened and admits gas from the passage n
(Figures 1, 5 and 6). This gas is now mixed with air, which on account of the
vacuum in the cylinder centers from the standard a' through a tube o' passes in
finely divided streams through the passages o and meets the gas coming through the
valve m', with which it becomes intimately mixed, and further, on account of the
vacuum, streams through the valve p and passage p¹ into the cylinder c, which is
thereby filled. The piston d which is then in the position shewn in Figure 2 moves
inwards the valves m' and p close (the eccentric hi having passed the roller k¹) the
compression begins and the mixture is now forced into the ignition chamber q
(Figures 1, 2 and 8) until the piston reaches its innermost position, when as in the
usual way the explosion takes place, and forces the piston outwards. When the
piston again returns, the exhaust which is performed in the following manner
commences.
On the side of the tooth-wheel hopposite that on which the cam (h' is situated is
a cam (Figure 4). At a certain period of rotation of the toothed wheel / (when
the explosion in the cylinder has taken place) the cam h³ presses against a roller r¹

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on a rod r, which by this means similarly to the rod k, is caused to slide in the
bearings and 12, and with its other end acts upon a valve rod s and valve s¹ ;
the latter is opened; and when now the piston d returns after the explosion, the
exhaust gas is forced out through the passage p¹, valve s¹ and tube into the
exhaust receiver st, until the plunger again moves back when a vacuum again takes
place in the cylinder, and gas and air are again introduced as hereinbefore described
and compressed for a fresh explosion.
The valve rods mands are provided with spiral springs m³ and s³, which keep the
valves 'm' and s¹ closed, when the rods k and r are not acted upon by the cams h
and 2. is a rod arranged to be rotated in bearings on the rod r and at one end
furnished with a handle the other end which is angular being adapted to catch
in a groove in the roller r¹. The roller can by the rod 2 be moved somewhat
aside on its pivot so that the cam h³ (Figure 4) which projects less than h² can as
the toothed wheel h rotates, be caused to press upon the roller and slightly open
the valves by which the compression may be diminished at starting. A further
advantage of this arrangement is, that in starting by hand engines having two or
more cylinders, only the resistance due to the compression in one cylinder is to be
overcome the arrangement of the pressure releasing mechanism hereinbefore
described upon the other cylinder opening the valve s¹ so that no compression takes
place. The first cylinder can thus start the others.. t (Figures 1 and 5) is an
adjustable collar secured by a screw on the valve-rod p² of the valve p. On this
collar is placed an india-rubber ring t in order to deaden the noise caused by
contact of the valve with the casing and by which collar the stroke of the valve p is
regulated.
.
u and u² are two guide-boxes for the rods s and m; they are furnished with
openings which correspond with the passages n and s². The ignition tube g¹ in the
ignition chamber q is (as shewn in Figure 8) furnished with a conical screw thread
while the opening into which the tube is screwed, is cylindrically threaded, by which
means the tube can more easily be freed, when it has been burned fast to the chamber
after use for a long time.
The governor of the motor is illustrated in Figures 1 and 7. The standard V.of
the governor rests on the bearing 12 and has three arms V1, V2, V3 in the form of
tubes or sleeves. In the sleeves V¹ and V2 revolve a hollow spindle W on which a
pulley W¹ is keyed. This pulley W₁ actuates the spindle W by a cord passing
over a pulley on the toothed wheel and pulleys V, V on the standard V
(Figure 1); the spindle W has at the top two regulating balls W³, W' suspended
as usual by arms W³, W which have noses W, W working in a groove in a
plunger X, which is furnished with a cap X'. By the outward movement of the
balls (when the speed of the engine is forced) the plunger X' will be pressed down-
wards and will by means of a rod X3 hear upon a piston X having a rod X' which
, rod again. through an intermediate arm forces the lever k² on the rod k (Figures 2
and 7) downwards, so that it will not act on the valve rod m, but pass under the
same; the supply of gas to the machine is stopped until the speed slackens, and
..causes the balls W2, W2 to fall, whereby the arm k² is again raised by the action of
springs X and X'. The link connecting the bar X' and the arm consists of two
parts, viz. an inner pin or pivot y and an outer sleeve y' which are connected by
two. spiral springs, y2, y2 in such a manner that when the arm k passes under
the valve rod m the link will yield in order to avoid the gas valve becoming
་་-
bent.
"
1
Having now particularly' described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
'tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what [
claim' is:
"
"
1.1. Aigas engine or motor having an actuating mechanism comprising a toothed
1. wheel, operated through gearing from the crank shaft and provided with a cam h¹
for putting a, valve rod arrangement k, k², m in motion, whereby through a valve m¹
gas coming from a channel n is admitted into the cylinder c; the said gas being

page_text: mixed with air through the medium of a valve arrangement in which the air from a
tube o passing through a series of passages o and then mixed with gas passes
through a valve p into the cylinder e from which after compression and explosion
the mixture escapes into the exhaust receiver through a valve s¹ and tubes, the
valves being duly opened by a rod arrangement r, s actuated by an eccentric /³
on the toothed wheel substantially as set forth and for the purpose described.
2. In a gas motor the arm k³ in connection with a regulator for the supply of gas,
comprising the arrangement of spindle W actuated from the pulley and operating
an arrangement of balls W2, W, W₁, so as to put a system of plunger and spiral
springs X3, X3, X, X, X, X', in action by which a spring link y, y', y² brings the
arm either in or out of action with the valve-rod m, substantially as set forth and
for the purpose described.
3. In a gas motor the arrangement of rod placed in bearings on the rod r and
allowing through the medium of the roller r¹ and cam h³ on the toothed wheel h
under the compression in the cylinder c a part opening of the valve s', substantially
as set forth and for the purpose described.
4. In a gas motor the valve rod of the valve p provided with an adjustable
collart having an india rubber ring t¹ and serving to regulate the stroke of the
valve and deaden the noise of its stroke, substantially as set forth and for the
purpose described.
5. In a gas motor the arrangement of ignition tube g', substantially as set forth
and for the purpose described.
6. The improved gas engine or motor hereinbefore described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.