Improvements connected with Frictional Appliances for Revolving Shafts having End On Pressure.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 1st Oct., 1894-Accepted, 10th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Frictional Appliances for Revolving
Shafts having End On Pressure.
We, HERBERT MORRIS, and FRANK BASTERT both of 211 Upper Thames
Street, London, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements connected with frictional appliances for
revolving shafts having end on pressure, the principal feature of which is the
combination of two frictional surfaces, one, circumferential, and the other, end on,
in the same appliance, and effected by the same means namely, the expanding
action of wedges against the ends or edges of segments to press or rub peripherally
against the inner wall of a casing, and also by the forward action to press or rub
against an inner face of the casing, either directly, or through an interposed disc.
To enable the above to be accomplished, the jacket is carried rearwardly to a
short distance beyond the end of the shaft.
Dated this 30th day of December 1893.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said H. Morris and F. Bastert.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Frictional Appliances for Revolving
Shafts having End On Pressure.
.We,
HERBERT MORRIS and FRANK BASTERT both of 211 Upper Thames
Street, London, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to regulate the speed of revolving shafts having
end on pressure, and consists of a combination of two frictional surfaces one
circumferential, and the other end on in the same appliance and effected by the
same means namely the expanding action of wedges against the ends or edges of
segments to press or rub peripherally against the inner wall of a casing, and also
by the forward action to press or rub against an inner face of the casing, either
directly or through an interposed disc.
To enable the above to be accomplished, the jacket is carried. rearwardly to a
short distance beyond the end of the shaft.
Our invention will be clearly understood by reference to the annexed' drawings
in which
Figure is a part sectional elevation of our invention in its simplest form in
which the forward travel of wedges, due to the end on motion of a revolving shaft
or spindle, causes segments to expand for frictional pressure against the inner
periphery of a casing and also a forward travel to press or rub against the inner
face of said casing, the casing being carried rearwardly beyond the end of the
shaft to be in contact with a point of resistance such as a fixed part of the carrier
framing.

page_text: The wedges are in a piece with a collar slipped on to the shaft and rotate with
said shaft by a key and feather, the segments being carried round by the wedges so
that the shaft, the wedges, and the segments all rotate together.
Figures 2 and 3 are forward and rearward end elevations on the line a, a, b, b,
Figure 1, and showing the position the wedges occupy between the segments for
their expansion and forward motions, the casing being provided with ratchet teeth
for the engagement of a paul to prevent said casing rotating except when so desired.
Figure 4 is a similar elevation to Figure 1, except that it has an interposed loose
fitting disc and a packing leather for cushioning the surface frictional action of the
segments.
Figure 5 is a detached view of the disc which by the feather slides freely on the
shaft but can be carried round by it.
Figure 6 represents a part sectional elevation of a modified form of apparatus in
or by which a double frictional contact can be obtained by a shaft having an end
on motion to limit or regulate the rotation of the shaft, said frictional contact being
increased or decreased by the amount of pressure due to the end on action of the
shaft. In this arrangement, the segments can be expanded by rising up the wedges
and are thrust forward at the same time.
Figures 7, 8, and 9 show part sectional elevation and detail views respectively of
another further modified arrangement, and in which the casing is moved by the end
on motion of the shaft, a back cover with the extended portion alone being
stationary but rotative.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, A is the shaft. B a collar as part of or secured to
the shaft. C a jacket or casing with an extended socket D, and within which the
free end E of the shaft has play both for rotation and for end on motion, said
socket D having a plug F for resistance against a point of contact at G such as
could be afforded by a fixed part of any carrier frame. H, H, are two segmental
blocks fitting the box C loosely, and are provided with inclined ends, the inclines
being formed at or about the same angle as the faces of two double faced wedges J, J,
against which they bear, and on which they can be caused to slide for circum-
ferential contact with the inner periphery of the box C for friction against such
inner periphery, and forwardly for surface frictional contact against the back inner
surface of the casing or jacket.
The shaft has a key slot for a feather on the collar B to ensure the rotation of
the wedges J, J, the segments H, H, with the shaft A while the shaft is revolving
in either direction, the box C remaining stationary by the bite or engagement of a
paul (not shown) in the teeth J' which are on the outer periphery of the box C,
said paul being pivoted from some part of the fixed or carrier framing.
Referring to Figure 4 the same combination of appliances exists and instead of
the segments H acting by their back surfaces directly against the surface of the
casing as described with regard to Figure 1, a disc K is interposed as also a leather
packing washer L between the surface hearing faces of the segments and casing
respectively.
It will be observed that according to Figures 1 and 4, the collar B enters the
box C, and can enter between the segments H, H, without in any way affecting
them.
According to Figure 6, the ring collar B pushes the segments H, H, up the
wedges J, J, and according to Figure 7, the box C is reversed, the socket end D
forming a kind of back cover with guide studs M, M, on which the box C is
movable instead of being a fixture, as in the previously named figures.
In all arrangements however the combination of two frictional surfaces of the
segments and casing are present, one circumferential, and the other end on for
surface frictional contact and acting simultaneously by the end on action of the
shaft.
The movable box C, Figure 7, has the collar B bearing against a packing
washer L as a cushion between it and the box, the shaft A being continued
through that end of the box and having an interposing disc N and washer L" to

page_text: press against the segments H, H, for expanding action on the wedges J, J, for
circumferential friction against the inner periphery of the box C simultaneously
with the onward thrust against the wedges J, J, to press the disc K against the
back cover P forming part of the socket D, and also the box C against the
interposed disc N for surface friction both against the inner face of the box and
inner face of the cover P in addition to the circumferential friction of the
segments.
-
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In frictional appliances for revolving shafts and spindles having end on
pressure, the employment of segments which are expanded for cylindrical or edge
friction and moved onwardly for flat surface friction, both movements being effected
by wedges which bear against the segments.
2. In frictional appliances for revolving shafts or spindles having end on pressure,
the combined and simultaneous action of segments for circumferential and surface
friction respectively, the parts of the appliance being arranged and acting in the
manner set forth and substantially as shown at Figure 1 in the annexed drawings.
3. The particular arrangement of appliances shown at Figure 4 in or by which
simultaneous and combined surface and circumferential frictional contacts can be
obtained by the end on pressure of a shaft or spindle, as described.
4. We further claim the arrangement of internal appliances shown at Figure 6
of the annexed drawings which act in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
5. The modification as referred to with reference to Figure 7 of the drawings.
The 29th day of September 1894.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Herbert Morris and Frank Bastert.