Improvements in Machines or Carts for Spreading Sand, Ashes, Artificial Manure, Lime, or other substances, either Solid or Liquid, Over the Surface of the Ground.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 24th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 24th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines or Carts for Spreading Sand, Ashes,
Artificial Manure, Lime, or other substances, either Solid or
Liquid, Over the Surface of the Ground.
I, ROBERT WADSWORTH of the Patent Wheel, Axle and Waggon Works,
Thomas Street, Halifax, in the County of York, Wheel Manufacturer, and
Maker of Vans, Waggons, Sanitary Implements, &c. do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows
:-
My invention bas reference to machines or carts for improvements in which
Letters Patent were granted to me Sept. 5th 1888 No. 12,815, and for which my
application for a Patent dated Decr. 27th 1889, No. 20,773, has been accepted.
My present improvements (which may be used in conjunction with certain
portions of my previous improvements) relates
:-
Firstly To improved means for gradually and automatically conveying the
matter to be spread, out of the cart body, or receptacle for holding the same, on
to the revolving disc, or other suitable kind of apparatus which might be used for
spreading the matter.
Secondly-To an improved "feed regulator" for regulating the quantity of
matter coming out of the cart body, or receptacle for holding same, thence passing
onto the spreading apparatus.
Thirdly-To the application of means or apparatus by which the revolving
dise used for spreading the matter, can be made to vary the width of the spread,
to suit the various widths of streets, which have to be covered.
Fourthly-To" roughing" the periphery of the propelling wheels, so that they
will bite on the ground in snowy or frosty weather.
Fifthly-To a combination of parts in the construction of said machines
whereby the same are rendered most effective, also most durable.
Sixthly To improved bearings and fittings for said machines.
In carrying out my improvements 1 make use of an ordinary design of cart
body as a receptacle for holding the matter to be spread, with a bottom slanting
or sloping on each side and a channel or gutter down the middle, as claimed in my
Specification No. 20,773, 1889, but instead of the endless travelling web described
in my said Specification as a bottom for the channel or gutter, I make use of a
trough corresponding in length, with the length of the cart body, so applied
that an oscillatory, see-saw, or joggle motion can be imparted thereto, either
lengthway or sideway, as preferred, by eccentrics or their equivalent, motion to
which is derived from one of the propelling wheels by gearing or chain belt, said
trough being applied in a sloping position towards the hind part of the machine or
cart.
5:
As the machine or cart is drawn along the road laden with matter to be spread,
the trough" will conduct the same gradually and automatically out of the cart
body or receptacle for holding same on to a revolving disc or other suitable
kind of distributor, which can be applied to the hind part of the machine or cart.
For regulating the quantity of matter being conveyed to the distributor I
employ an iron shutter made to work in iron slides fixed in the centre of the hind
end of the cart body or receptacle for holding the matter, and which when shut
closes up the hind end of the channel or gutter, and by an arrangement of worm
and wheel, rack and pinion wheel, or shaft, lever and coupling rod, the said shutter
can be opened, or closed, or adjusted at will when the machine is in motion, by
turning a hand wheel or handle placed in a convenient part of the machine or cart.
For varying the width of spread, or space the distributor must cover, to be
suitable for the various widths of streets and roads, which applies more especially

page_text: to centrifugal distributors, I mount two horizontal shafts or spindles in suitable
bearings on a frame at the hind end of the machine or cart, said frame having also
mounted thereon the vertical spindle which carries the centrifugal or revolving
disc distributor, motion is imparted to one of the said horizontal spindles from one
of the propelling wheels by means of gearing or a chain belt, and on this shaft or
spindle I place a cone of change wheels, which are made to slide on a key.
CE
33
The other horizontal shaft or spindle is geared by bevel wheels to the vertical
or revolving disc spindle, and on this shaft are change wheels to correspond with
the
cone of change wheels on the other shaft or spindle, and by these change
wheels the revolving disc can be made to revolve at various speeds, and the speed
can be changed instantly, so that if a narrow road has to be gone over the disc can
he put on a slow speed, and when the machine is brought to a wide road the disc
can be instantly changed to a fast speed, or vice versu.
Another mode I make use of for varying the width of the space the distributor
must cover, place over the revolving disc a cover of suitable material in the form
of a cone, said cover being larger in diameter than the revolving disc and so
arranged that it can be raised or lowered, and if a wide spread is required the
conical cover is raised clear of the disc, and if a narrow spread is only required
the cover is lowered down well over the disc.
For preventing the wheels of these machines from sliding instead of revolving,
when snow or frost is on the ground which prevents the machine from working
satisfactorily I apply around the periphery of the wheel, on the hoop, segments
of cast steel or other suitable metal having teeth or any kind of "
"roughing
projections formed thereon, or in lieu of these I would tire the wheels with iron or
steel rolled specially with teeth or other projections on one side.
My improvements further consist in fitting all the bearings where practical in
these machines with balls" or "rollers," also oil cups with lids on, also improved
design of other fittings.
Although my improvements are described as for machines for spreading sand,
ashes, or other similar substances, I would have it understood that many parts are
alike applicable to machines for spreading water, liquid manure, or other liquids,
and for machines with two or four wheels.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1891
ROBERT WADSWORTH.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines or Carts for Spreading Sand, Ashes,
Artificial Manure, Lime, or other substances, either Solid or
Liquid, Over the Surface of the Ground.
1, ROBERT WADSWORTH of the Patent Wheel, Axle and Waggon Works,
Thomas Street, Halifax, in the County of York, Wheel Manufacturer, and Maker
of Vans Waggons, Sanitary Implements &c. do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to machines or carts, for improvements in which
Letters Patent were granted to me Sept. 5th 1888 No. 12,815, and for which my
application for a Patent dated Decr. 27th 1889 No. 20,773 has been accepted.
My present improvements relates
Firstly To improved means for gradually and automatically conveying the
matter to be spread, out of the cart body or receptacle for holding the same
on to the revolving disc, or other suitable kind of apparatus which might be used
for spreading the matter.
Secondly-To an improved "feed regulator" for regulating the quantity of
matter coming out of the cart body or receptacle for holding the same, thence
passing on to the spreading apparatus.

page_text: Thirdly
To the application of means or apparatus by which the revolving
disc used for spreading the matter, can be made to vary the width of spread to
suit the various widths of streets which have to be covered.
Fourthly To "roughing" the periphery of the propelling wheels, so that
they will bite on the ground in snowy or frosty weather.
Fifthly-To a combination of parts in the construction of said machines,
whereby the same aro rendered most effective also most durable.
Sixthly To improved bearings and fittings for said machines.
In carrying out my improvements I make use of an ordinary design of cart body,
as a receptacle for holding the matter to be spread, with a bottom slanting or sloping
on each side, and a channel or gutter down the middle, as claimed in my Specifica-
tion No. 20773, 1889, but instead of the endless travelling web described in my
said Specification, as a bottom for the channel or gutter, make use of a trough
corresponding in length, with the length of the cart body, so applied that an
oscillatory, see saw, or joggle motion can be imparted thereto, either length way
or side way as preferred, by eccentrics, or their equivalent, motion to which is
derived from one of the propelling wheels, by gearing or chain belt, said trough
being applied in a sloping position towards the hind part of the machine or cart.
As the machine or cart is drawn along the road laden with matter to be spread,
the trough will conduct the same gradually and automatically out of the cart body,
or receptacle for holding the same on to a revolving disc or other suitable kind of
distributor, which can be applied to the hind part of the machine or cart.
For regulating the quantity of matter being conveyed to the distributor, 1
employ an iron shutter made to work in iron slides fixed in the centre of the hind
end of the cart body or receptacle for holding the matter, and which when shut
closes up the hind end of the channel or gutter, and by an arrangement of worm
and wheel, rack and pinion wheel or shaft levers and coupling rods the said shutter
can be opened or closed or adjusted at will, when the machine is in motion, by
turning a hand wheel or handle, placed in a convenient part of the machine or cart.
For varying the width of spread, or space the distributor must cover, to be
suitable for the various widths of streets and roads, which applies more especially
to centrifugal distributors, I mount two horizontal shafts or spindles in suitable
bearings on a frame at the hind end of the machine or cart, said frame having also
mounted thereon the vertical spindle which carries the centrifugal or revolving
disc distributor. Motion is imparted to one of the said horizontal spindles, by
means of gearing or a chain belt, from one of the propelling wheels, and on this
shaft or spindle 1 place a cone of change wheels which are made to slide on
a key.
The other horizontal shaft or spindle is geared by bevel wheels to the vertical
or revolving disc spindle, and on this shaft are change wheels to correspond with
the cone of change wheels on the other shaft or spindle, and by these change
wheels the revolving disc can be made to revolve at various speeds, and the
speed can be changed instantly, so that if a narrow road has to be gone over, the
disc can be put on a slow speed, and when the machine is brought to a wide road,
the disc can be instantly changed to a fast speed or vice versa.
Another mode I make use of for varying the width of the space the distributor
must cover, I place over the revolving disc, a cover of suitable material in the form
of a cone, said cover being larger in diameter, than the revolving disc, & so
arranged that it can be raised or lowered, and if a wide spread is required the
conical cover is raised clear of the disc, & if a narrow spread is required, the
cover is lowered down well over the disc.
For preventing the wheels of these machines from sliding, instead of revolving,
when snow or frost is on the ground, which prevents the machine from working
satisfactorily, I apply around the periphery of the wheels, on the hoops, segments
of cast steel or other suitable metal, having teeth or any kind of roughing prc-
jectious formed thereon of in lieu or. these I would tire the wheels with iron or
steel, rolled specially, with teeth or other projections on one side.

page_text: My improvements further consist in fitting all the bearings, where practical in
these machines, with "balls or rollers also oil cups with lids on, also improved
design of other fittings.
Although my improvements are described as for machines for spreading sand,
ashes, or other similar substances, I would have it understood that many parts are
alike applicable to machines for spreading water, liquid manure or other liquids,
and for machines with two or four wheels.
Fig. 1. of the accompanying drawings, is a side elevation of a machine for spreading
sand, ashes &c.
Fig. 2. is a horizontal section, or top view of the said machine.
The letters of reference in both figures indicate corresponding parts. A is the
body or receptacle for holding the matter to be spread. B is the slanting or
sloping parts of the bottom having a channel or gutter between same, under which
a trough C is suspended on swing irons D, to which motion is imparted by an
eccentric E, which derives motion from one of the propelling wheels F, by means
of gearing or by chain wheels G. H. and a chain belt 1. Jis the revolving disc
by which the matter is spread as it falls from the trough C, into the hopper K.
thence on to the disc J.
Fig. 2 is a detached view of the oscillatory trough C which shows more clearly
the means employ for imparting motion thereto, the letters of reference are the
same as in Figs. 1 and 2.
Figs. 3 & 4. are detached views of my improved means for regulating the quantity
of matter, passing from the receptacle A. on to the distributor J and Figure 5.
shows the same applied to a machine.
When the same is applied to a machine, the sliding shutter L works into the
hinder end of the oscillatory trough C. Fig. 24, & as the same is moved upwards
from the trough more matter is permitted to pass from the trough on to the
revolving disc or rice versa.
Several means may be employed to cause the iron shutter L to move in the iron
slides M. A worm & wheel N. O. arrangement with a rod or shaft P, having a
lever at its end, and a coupling iron R, may be used, or instead of the hand-
wheel S being at the hind end of the machine, as shown at Figure 5, a long rod
can take the place of the short one, which passes through the worm N, to extend
to the fore end of the machine, and the hand wheel be placed on the end of the rod
at the fore end of the machine.
Fig. 5 is a modification of the arrangement represented by Figures 3 and 4.
Instead of the lever Q on the end of the rod P, a pinion wheel T, can be
substituted, and instead of the coupling iron R. a rack U can be applied to the iron
shutter L.
Fig. 6. is another modification of the arrangement represented by Figures 3
and 4. Instead of the worm and wheel N. O. arrangement, a lever V. can be
placed on the end of the rod or shaft P. and a long coupling rod W attached
thereto to terminate at the fore end of the machine with a swiple nut and screw
with hand wheel, X X X, or in lieu of the screw and nut, notches can be made in
the coupling rod (see Fig. 7.) towards the fore end of the machine, and a handle
formed on the end of the rod.
Fig. S. represents the means I employ for varying the speed of the centrifugal
distributor or revolving disc, and thereby vary the width of the spread. A is the
revolving disc which is mounted on the vertical spindle B, to which motion is
imparted by bevel wheels C2 C2. On the lower horizontal spindle D2 three toothed
wheels E² E² E² varying in size, are keyed as shown..
On the upper horizontal spindle F, a cone of toothed wheels G2 corresponding
in size with wheels E E E slide on a key H, and by a forked rod 12 12, which
works in a slide, the cone of wheels G2 can be put into gear with any of the three
wheels E2 E2 E2 and by this, motion is imparted to the lower spindle D2, motion
to the upper spindle F being derived by the chain belt and wheel J, from one of
the propelling wheels.

page_text: Fig. 9. illustrates the other mode I make use of for varying or regulating the
width of space the revolving disc must cover, K² is the revolving disc which is.
mounted on the vertical spindle L, and on the said spindle a cover in the form of
a cone M of any suitable material is mounted, which can be raised or lowered
instantly, by the lever N2, and there held by the rack 02, and can be set in
such positions over the revolving disc K, as to vary the width of spread of
same.
Fig. 10 represents my roughing segments, which may be bolted, screwed or
otherwise secured to the periphery of the propelling wheels, in slippery or frosty
weather, or in lieu of these the wheels may be hooped with iron or steel rolled with
teeth or other roughing projections, or the wheel hoops may have holes bored
therein, and tapped to take roughing screws, as shown by Figure 11.
Figs. 12. 13. 14 and 15 represent the various kinds of improved ball or roller
bearings I make use of for these machines.
The bearings represented by Figs. 12. 13 and 14 are bored sufficiently large to.
admit of the spindle working in same having small rollers all around same, and on
the side of the bearings where the spindle enters, the hole is a little smaller, to the
extent of a inch in depth, by which a flange is formed on one side of the bearings,.
which prevent the rollers passing through, and on the reverse side of the bearings,,
caps A. B. C. are screwed, after the rollers have been put into position in the
bearinga.
The bearing represented by Fig. 15. is the bottom bearing marked W. Fig. 8..
for the vertical spindle, on which the revolving disc A² is mounted. This is bored
firstly to take the spindle, after which it is bored on the upper side sufficiently
large, and of a depth to admit of the balls as shown, and on the spindle a suitable
collar X Fig. 8. is welded, to rest on the balls when in position.
Fig. 16. represents my improved fittings or swing irons for the oscillatory trough
with oil cups with lids on.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. In combination with a cart body, having a bottom sloping or slanting on
each side, and at the front end also, a space being left between the two sloping
sides; I claim the use of a trough suspended under the space left between the
sloping sides, with an oscillatory, see-saw, or joggle motion.
2nd. In combination with a trough or conveyor with an oscillatory, see-saw, or
joggle motion for conveying the spreading matter out of the body or receptacle
in machines for spreading sand, ashes &c., I claim the use of a revolving disc
distributor.
3rd. The metallic feed regulator, for regulating the quantity of matter being.
conveyed to the distributor, substantially as herein before described.
4th. The application of means by which the speed of the revolving disc
distributor can be instantly altered.
"
5th. The adjustable cone cover for the revolving disc distributor, for varying-
the width of spread.
6th. Roughing the periphery of the propelling wheels of machines for spreading
sand, ashes &c. on the roads, substantially as hereinbefore described.
7th. Fitting all the bearings where practical in machines for spreading sand,.
ashes, or other matter, solid or liquid, where a revolving disc distributor is used.
with balls" or "rollers" also "oil cups with lids on."
Dated this 23rd day of November 1891.
ROBERT WADSWORTH.