IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PLOUGHING AND TILLING LAND
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wilson Murray and
George Mingay Garrard at the Office of the Commissioners of
· Patents, with their Petition, on the 17th September 1870.
We, GEORGE WILSON MURRAY and GEORGE MINGAY GARRARD, both
of Banff Foundry, Banff, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN PLOUGHING AND TILLING LAND," to be as follows:-
.
:-
Our improvements in means or apparatus employed in ploughing and
tilling land relate, firstly, to means such as described in the Specifi-
cation of Letters Patent granted to us dated August 5th, 1869, No. 2343,
and consist in so. connecting the handles of ploughs with the subsoiler
tyne, that when the ploughman presses upon the handles the subsoiler
tyne is pressed, firmer into the ground, and can be immediately released
when any fixed obstruction comes in the way, thereby giving the
ploughman direct control over the subsoiler.
In carrying out our Invention, the handles of the plough in place of
being affixed direct to the beam of the plough, as is the usual custom,
according to this Invention, the handles are connected to one end of a
lever which turns on a pin or stud affixed to the plough beam, whilst

page_text: the other end of this lever is connected to one end of a link, the other
end of which is by pin joint connected with capability of adjustment to
the upper end of the subsoiler tyne.
The subsoiler tyne, as described in the Specification before referred to,
turns on a centre affixed to a bracket carried by the beam or frame.
The pin or stud upon which the lever carrying the handles turns is
capable of movement backwards and forwards at pleasure by slackeing a
wedge or pin, or by other equivalent means. A segmental guide provided
with a series of holes or notches to receive a pin or pins or other
retaining means is employed to retain the lever carrying the handles in
position.
Our Invention relates, secondly, to the arrangement or construction
of coulters to be affixed to ploughs when ploughing in farm yard manure,
straw, stable, grass, and other similar matters, and the object of this
part of the Invention is to prevent ploughs to which such coulters are
affixed. from becoming choked in front of that part.
In carrying out our Invention, in place of forming the operating part
or cutting blade of the coulters of ploughs straight, and connecting the
bearing part or upper end of the coulter to the top of the operating
part or cutting blade, as is the ordinary practice, we form the operating
part or cutting blade straight for a portion of its length only, and curve
the upper part over in such manner that when the coulter is in
position the upper part of the cutting blade shall curve towards the
ploughed land or furrow side of the plough, and we connect the bearing
or holding part to the back of the operating part or cutting blade of the
coulter at or about the point where the operating part or cutting blade
commences to curve. By this means straws or other similar matters
contained in the soil will be caused to rise to the top of the cutting
blade, and will be carried by the curved part of the cutting blade to
the ploughed land or furrow side, and finally shot off in that direction
in position to be buried by the following furrow slice.
In some cases we affix our improved coulter in front of the ordinary
coulter in manner similar to what is commonly known as
coulter.
a skim