IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE RUGS AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Tomkinson and William Adam, both of Kidder-
minster, in the County of Worcester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE RUGS AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
THEREFOR."
"
Sealed the 9th February 1877, and dated the 26th October 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Tomkinson and
William Adam at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th
October 1876.
MICHAEL TOMKINSON and WILLIAM ADAM, both of Kidderminster, in the County
of Worcester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE RUGS AND IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THERFOR."
Our Invention has for its object an improved method of simplifying and
facilitating the manufacture of chenille rugs by an advantageous re-adjustment of
several of the working parts of the machinery or apparatus employed therein, and
consists in arranging the warp and heddles on the chenille rug setting loom so as to
open a triple shed and enable the same to be worked with two treadles instead of
six, as hitherto, whereby a considerable saving of labour in treading during the
process of manufacture is effected.
The annexed Drawing represents our improved arrangement of the warp and
heddles for opening the triple shed, as above described, in which A are rollers;
A¹ the heddles, and A2 the treadles; B, chain remaining always fixed in the same
position; C, corresponding chain fixed in like manner. The line D by the action of
the treadles crosses the line C and meets the chain lines B, the lines E and F also
cross the line B and meet the line C, thus forming three complete sheds 1, 2, and 3,
as shewn; G, stationary portion of the mechanism; H, spike roller over which the
cloth passes; I, catcher beam; J, dead beam; K, ground beam; and L, the float
beam.
The above improvements are also applicable to the manufacture of carpets and
other textile fabrics.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent nied by
the said Michael Tomkinson and William Adam in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th April 1877.
MICHAEL TOMKINSON and WILLIAM ADAM, both of Kidderminster, in the County
of Worcester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE RUGS AND IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Our Invention has reference to an improved method of simplifying and facilitating
the manufacture of chenille carpets and rugs or other textile fabrics by an advan-
tageous re-adjustment of the harness and other working parts of the machinery or
apparatus employed therein, and consists in arranging the warp and heddles on the
chenille rug and carpet setting loom so as to open a triple shed and enable the same
to be worked by means of two treddles in combination with six leaves and double
catcher instead of the greater number of treddles hitherto required to produce the
same result, whereby a considerable saving of labour in treading during the process
of manufacture is effected.
And in order that our said Invention may be more fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we now proceed to describe in detail the mode of performing the
same, reference being had to the annexed Drawing and the letters and figures
thereon marked (that is to say):-
-
The accompanying Drawing represents a detached portion of a loom shewing our
improved method of arranging and employing the heddles or harness in rug and
carpet setting looms for forming a triple shed, and economizing time and labour in
the manufacture and weaving of rugs and other chenille fabrics, in which A and A¹
are rollers secured to the top framing of the loom or other parts of the machine or
apparatus in use; B, B, are cords from shafts of heddles or harness passing over the
said rollers so as to descend vertically and be attached to and put in motion by the
treddles C and C₁ in manner shewn. R represents the shafts on which the heddles
are fixed; D and D¹ are guides or lambs alternating with the treddles for steadying
the up-and-down movement of the heddles; E, E, stationary brackets for retaining
the chains F and G always in the same fixed position, except at the completion of
the rug or piece when the plain cloth forming the hem of the fabric or rug is woven,
then the upper chain F is let down to the lower chain G; H, ground warp lines
passing through the eyes I and I¹ from the ground beam J for binding the back of
the fabric; K, woven cloth or chenille fabric to which the warp lines are focused
and diverge; L, lathe in which is fixed the reed or sley swinging from its pivot or
suspending bar L¹ on the upper framing of the loom; M, float beam receiving the
fixed chain F; and N, dead beam for receiving the fixed chain G aforesaid;
O and O¹, catchers or pile binding warp passing from the catcher beam P through
the eyes
I and I³ to the cloth near the spike roll Q. Thus when employing our
improved system and arrangement of the warp and heddles the weaver is enabled
by simply depressing one of the treddles C to open the triple shed marked 1, 2,
and 3, in the Drawing, thereby causing the said warp line H to cross the fixed
chain or blue line G and meet the chain or red line F and the warp line H¹ to cross
the blue line G and take the place of H, whilst the line 0¹ is caused to pass
upwards and cross the red line F and take the place O, and O to pass downwards
and meet the blue line G and take the place of O¹, and so again on reversing the
heddles or harness; by the second treddle C¹ the alternate threads of the warp are
correspondingly influenced, so that by the action of two treddles only, as above
described, a considerable saving is effected on the treading power than when
employing the ordinary number of treddles at present in use.
In the annexed Drawing the old parts of the loom employed by us being well
known and in use, and not required in our explanation, have been purposely
omitted.
In conclusion to the foregoing description we would here note that in place of
rollers herein-before described tumblers may be substituted having balance weights

page_text: adjusted thereto, in like manner to the modified construction of the above principle,
"described and Patented by us on the Twenty-first day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six, and Numbered 4931" for forming a double shed in
lieu of the above.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, we
would have it clearly understood that we do not by any means intend to confine
ourselves to the precise details herein-before set forth and described, as the same
may be otherwise varied without departing from the general principle of this our
said Invention, nor do we claim as new and of our said Invention the exclusive use
of the several parts, combinations, and processes herein-before described, except
when the same are employed in and for the purposes of our said Invention, which
we hereby declare to consist in constructing and employing chenille rug and carpet
looms so as to be worked by means of two treddles only, in connection with two
catcher chains from one beam with double gears, and mode of arranging the heddles
for forming a triple shed, and economizing labour in the process of weaving chenille
rugs or similar fabrics, in the manner and for the purposes herein-before set forth
and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Michael Tomkinson and William Adam, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.