NEW KINDS OF BRICKS OR BLOCKS, ONE OF WHICH IS PARTICULARLY ADAPTED FOR THE FRONTS OF HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS, GIVING TO THEM THE APPEARANCE OF STONE; ANOTHER IS APPLICABLE TO A NEW METHOD OF BONDING BRICKWORK; ALSO A NEW KIND OF BLOCKS OB SLABS FOR PAVING FLOORS AND FACING OR LING WALLS INSTEAD OF ASHLAR, WHICH WILL RESEMBLE MARBLE OR STONE, AND WHICH MAY BE APPLIED TO STEPS, STAIRS, AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1814

page_text: WYATT'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
FRANCIS WYATT, late of Furnival's Inn, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fifteenth day of December, in the fifty-fifth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Francis Wyatt, His special licence, that I, the said John Francis
Wyatt, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Francis Wyatt, my executors, administrators, or assigns, at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "NEW KINDS OF BRICKS OR BLOCKS, ONE OF WHICH IS PARTICULARLY
ADAPTED FOR THE FRONTS OF HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS, GIVING TO THEM THE
APPEARANCE OF STONE; ANOTHER IS APPLICABLE TO A NEW METHOD OF BONDING
BRICKWORK; ALSO A NEW KIND OF BLOCKS OB SLABS FOR PAVING FLOORS AND
FACING OR LING WALLS INSTEAD OF ASHLAR, WHICH WILL RESEMBLE MARBLE OR
STONE, AND WHICH MAY BE APPLIED TO STEPS, STAIRS, AND OTHER PARTS OF
BUILDINGS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging
me, the said John Francis Wyatt, by an instrument in writing under my hand

page_text: and scal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to
be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Francis Wyatt, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to bo performed, is described as follows,
that is to say:-
I prepare thin pieces, plates, or slabs of stone, of sizes to fit the sides and
ends of the bricks, or blocks, or masses, or lumps intended to be used in the
fronts of buildings. Theso pieces, plates, or slabs, being previously cleaned
and wetted, are then placed in moulds and Parker's cement, or what is more
commonly known by the name of Roman cement, or any other proper cement
in a fit state of moisture, is laid upon them, and which is to remain till the
cement be sufficiently indurated and united to the stone, or the cement may
first be put into the moulds, and, the pieces, plates, or slabs of stone laid upon
it, and remain till the cement be sufficiently indurated and united to the stone.
They are then to be taken out of the moulds, and piled up or placed in a
proper situation for drying; the longer they are exposed to the atmosphere, the
harder they will become, and in a few months or a shorter period they will be
hard enough for use without the application of artificial heat. The pieces,
plates, or slabs of stone need not be more than half an inch thick, but may
be thicker or thinner according to the discretion of those interested in the
work. The quality of the stone to be used for the pieces, plates, or slabs is
best if somewhat bibulous or porous, and for this reason I prefer Bath stone,
but Portland or even marble may be applied, if the cement be such as will
cohere to the stone or marble, although I recommend for the purposes of this
Invention the cement prepared according to James Parker's Patent, dated
One thousand seven hundred and ninety-six; any other cement possessing
the property of becoming so indurated in a short space of time is proper for
tho purpose. It is not necessary to use Parker's or any other cement without
the admixture of any other materials; on the contrary it will be advantageous
in many cases to mix with it clean, rough sand, small gravel, fragments of
bricks, flint stones, shingle, scorid of iron, copper, slag, and other such mate-
rials, taking care, that the proportions of Parker's or other proper cement be
sufficient to make a strong union with the pieces, plates, or slabs of stone or
marble and the other materials. The moulds I use in making theso bricks

page_text: or blocks, or masses, or lumps, I do not consider as a part of the Invention;
those used in making bricks in the common way will answer the purpose,
only the bricks, or blocks, or masses, or lumps must remain longer in them to
become indurated, than is used in the common way of brick making. For
binding brickwork I make protuberances on the upper side of each brick, or
block, or mass, or lump, so that such protuberances shall nearly fit or fill the
hollow left in the under part of the brick, or block, or mass, or lump, on which
it is to rest, and when walls are to be built exceeding nine inches in thickness,
I build two thin walls, either brick, on edge, or otherwise parallel to each
other, and fill up the intermediate space with a composition of cement, sand,
rubble, or such like materials, thereby connecting and bonding the two walls
together, as represented in the section of the wall, Fig 1. For facing or
lining walls only, the inner wall may be built with bricks, or blocks, or masses,
or lumps, and the outside or external one may be real or artificial stone, as
represented at A, A, at the section Fig. 2. Paving blocks or slabs are made in
the same manner as the faced bricks, or blocks, or masses, or lumps, either by
laying the thin pieces, plates, or slabs of stone or marble at the bottom of the
mould, and applying the cement or composition upon them in a proper state of
moisture, or by putting the cement or composition into the mould first, and
placing the stone or marble upon it, and left till sufficiently indurated before
taken out. These blocks or slabs may be either entirely or partially faced
with bibulous stone or even marble, and when partially faced, they may be
laid in ornamental figures, or the stone may be first laid, or the blocks or slabs
seperately shaped and prepared, and the design engraved upon the surface
and under cut, and the cement trowelled into those parts, or the stone parts of
the pavement may be laid in their. intended situations on the floor with a
sufficient cement underneath to raise them all to a level surface, and the spaces
between them afterwards filled up with cement to the surface of the stone, and
when sufficiently indurated, rubbed down to a smooth surface by any of the
usual methods. The steps or stairs are made in the same manner as the
bricks, or blocks or masses, or lumps.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Francis Wyatt, have hereunto set
my.
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of February, in the fifty-fifth
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
King, Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifteen.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fifteenth day of February,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Francis Wyatt came before
our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and everything therein contained, in form above written. And
also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the form of the
Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Fifteenth day of February, in the year above written.
NOSTTHIS KHA0