An Improved Burner or Sprayer for Burning or Spraying Coal Tar or other Liquid Hydro-carbons.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 27th July, 1894-Accepted, 6th Oct.. 1894
PROVISIONAL STUITIVATION.
An Improved Burner or Sprayer for Burning or Spraying Coal Tar
or other Liquid Hydro-carbons.
1, WILLIAM HENRY COWAN, of the Firm of W. & B. Cowan Buccleuch
Street Works, Edinburgh, in the County of Midlothian, North Britain, Gas
Meter Manufacturer (a communication to me from abroad by Bertram Haworth
Peacock, of Australian Gas Light Company, Mortlake, Sydney, New South
Wales, Engineer), do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved burner or sprayer, for burning or spraying
coal tar or other liquid hydro-carbons. The invention is more especially for
burning coal tar in furnaces for heating retorts and boilers, but it may be used
for any other analogous purposes. The said burner is constructed after the
manner of an injector, the tar being forced into the furnace and sprayed therein
under the influence of steam pressure. The apparatus consists essentially of three
tubes, the one within or outside the other, and an adjustable nozzle.
The innermost or air tube is screwed at one end into a plug, to which it is fixed
by a back nut, for purposes of adjustment and cleaning, the other end is made wide
in the bore. It is kept central and guided, by preferably three wings or guides.
Surrounding the said air tube is the tar tube screwed at one end, and fixed to an
outer tube or case of the burner; the other end is bevelled to act as a valve against
the nozzle of the burner. The said outer tube has preferably three guides to keep
the nozzle in a concentric position with the air and tar tubes. The outer tube is
recessed to allow wings of the tar tube to fit in to prevent any lateral movement.
The outer tube or case has two inlet connections for tar and steam, screwed at one
end, for receiving the air tube; screwed near the centre of its length for holding
the end of the tar tube and also screwed at the other end to receive the adjustable
nozzle and back nut. The nozzle is preferably made hexagonal in shape on a
portion of its outside to admit of easy adjustment and it is bored inside at outlet
end to form a valve seating to the bevelled end of the tar tube. The nozzle is
kept in its regulated position preferably by an hexagonal back nut which also
makes a steam joint against the nozzle.
The apparatus works as follows: A constant pressure of steam is provided at
steam inlet, passes between the tar tubes and the outer casing up to the nozzle at
the bevelled end of the tar tube where it meets the tar under a constant pressure
from the tar inlet. The steam passes out between the nozzle and the air tube
The
taking with it a quantity of tar which is sprayed and mixed with the steam:
nozzle is moved on or off the outer tube to adjust the pressure of steam, where it
meets the tar at the end of the tar tube. The quantity of tar passed will be under
the control of the steam viz. if the pressure of steam be increased at the steam inlet,
After the steam
the quantity of tar passed will be decreased and vice versa.
with the tar has passed from between the nozzle and the air. tube, it will expand and
draw a quantity of air through the air tube which mixes with the tar and causes
combustion inside the spray, enabling the tar to be consumed in much less time and
space than in the ordinary manner. In lieu of or in addition to steam pressure
I might also use heated air under pressure.
Dated this 29th day of November 1893.
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Petitioner's Agents.

page_text: An Improved Burner or Sprayer for Burning or Spraying Coal Tar
or other Liquid Hydro-carbons.
I, WILLIAM HENRY COWAN, of the Firm of W. and B. Cowan, Buccleuch
Street, Edinburgh, in the County of Midlothian, North Britain, Gas Meter
Manufacturers (a communication to me from abroad by Bertram Haworth
Peacock, of Australian Gas Light Company, Mortlake, Sydney, New South
Wales, Engineer), do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved burner or sprayer for burning or spraying
coal tar or other liquid hydro-carbons, and is more especially applicable for
burning coal tar in furnaces for heating gas work retorts and boilers, but it may
be used for any other analogous purposes. The said burner is constructed after
the manner of an injector, the tar being forced into the furnace and sprayed therein
under the influence of steam pressure. The apparatus consists essentially of three
tubes, the one within or outside the other, and an adjustable nozzle.
But in order that my said invention may be more readily understood and easily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, Figure 2 an end view and Figure 3 a cross
section taken on line X, X, on Figure 1, of my improved burner or sprayer.
Referring to the said drawings, the innermost or air tube A is screwed at the
one end a into a plug B which is provided with a back nut b so as to enable the
tube A to be adjusted and cleaned; the other end a¹ of the said tube is made wide
in the bore as shown. The said tube A is kept central and guided within the
surrounding tar tube C, by means of three wings or guides a². The tar tube C,
which is screwed at its one end c, is fixed to the outer tube or casing D of the
burner, and is held central and guided within the said casing D preferably by
means of the three wings or guides c', in such a manner, as to keep the front end c³
of the said tar tube C, concentric with the air tube A and nozzle E, so as to cause
the bevelled end c² of the said tar tube C to act as a valve against the nozzle E of
the burner. The wings or guides cl of the said tar tube C are cut away, as at c³,
so as to fit within the recess of the casing D and so prevent any lateral movement
being given to the tar tube C.
The outer tube or case D is formed with two inlet connections F and G, the
one being for tar and the other G for steam; the said case D is also screwed at
its one end d so as to retain the air tube A, by means of the screwed plug B; it is
also screwed near its centre between the two inlets F and G for the purpose of
holding the back end of the tar tube C; and it is screwed at its front end so as to
receive the adjustable nozzle E and adjusting nuts H. The nozzle E is preferably
formed hexagonal in shape on a portion of its outside so as to admit of easy
adjustment, and the said nozzle E is so bored at its outlet end e as to form a valve
seating for the bevelled end c² of the tar tube C. The said nozzle E is retained in
the desired position by means of the .back nuts H which also form, through
the medium of the washer a tight steam joint against the inner end of the
nozzle E.
The whole arrangement thus forms an' efficient burner or sprayer, the action of
which is as follows:-A constant pressure of steam is passed in at the inlet G and
after passing along between the tar tube C and casing D, comes in contact with a
constant pressure of tar at the bevelled end of the tar tube and bevelled portion e
of the nozzle E, and thence out through the nozzle, after which the steam and tar

page_text: expands and draws a quantity of air through the air pipe A so as to cause com-
bustion to take place inside the spray and so enable the tar to be consumed in
much less time and space than in the manner hitherto employed. The quantity
of tar passed into the furnace is under the control of the steam, that is to say,
if the pressure of steam be increased at the steam inlet G the quantity of tar
passed will be decreased, and vice versa.
In lieu of or in addition to the steam pressure I may employ a constant pressure
of heated or other air. And in using the said burner or sprayer I preferably
use tar which has been well screened, and free from liquor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The general arrangement, construction and combination of the various parts
constituting the improved burner or sprayer for burning or spraying coal tar or
other liquid hydro-carbons, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in
the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In tar burners or sprayers, the combination of the air tube A with the tar
tube C so as to convey air by draught or pressure, into a mixture of tar and steain
or air, substantially as herein before described and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
3rd. In tar burners or sprayers, the combination of a tube C, to convey tar,
having a central air tube A passing through it and its end made in the form of a
valve, with a tube or casing D to convey steam or air, substantially as hereinbefore
described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
4th. In tar burners or sprayers, the combination of steam or air tube or casing D,
with the tar tube C, having on one end an adjustable nozzle E, which forms by its
internal surface, a valve seating for the valve end of the tar tube C, substantially
as hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
5th. In tar burners or sprayers, the combination of the adjustable screwed
nozzle E, with the tar tube C, both of which form a valve, substantially as
hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated thin 10th of Jul 1901
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.