Improvements in Ratchet Brace and Portable Drilling Mechanism.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Feb., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 8th Nov., 1338-Accepted, 4th Feb., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ratchet Brace and Portable Drilling Mechanism.
I, ROBERT LUND HATTERSLEY, of Clovelly, Irlam Road, Flixton, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, to
be as follows:-
My invention has for its object the bringing of the mechanism into little space
so as to be used in places where ordinary portable drilling mechanism could not
be used or only with difficulty, and also to be able to rotate the drill or tool
with much greater speed in most cases, than is possible with the ordinary ratchet
brace or similar mechanism, and at the same time make the drill or tool self-
feeding.
My improved portable mechanism is or may be used with any available abutment
or with any suitable clamp or clamping frame to act as an abutment.
It consists of a spindle, one end of which is prepared with a suitable socket to
receive the shank end of the drill or tap or other tool to be used, which socket
has or may have a set screw to secure the shank of the drill or tool in the socket
of the spindle, or other arrangement may be used for such purpose.
The spindle has bearings in what may be termed a bow part having a tubular
handle connected therewith which is or may be made to screw in and out of the
bow part if desired.
The spindle has a small bevel wheel secured to it which gears with one on a
shaft having its bearings on the bow part and also in the tubular handle, this
shaft is or may be formed if desired to couple with that part of the shaft having
its bearings in the bow part. To the shaft at the end of the tubular handle,
through which the shaft passes, a crank handle is attached by rotating which,
the spindle is revolved.
The spindle may be revolved by oscillating the tubular handle to and fro as
in an ordinary ratchet brace through a ratchet fixed on the drill spindle or
connected shaft, and a pawl.
In some cases, there may be a second bevel wheel on the spindle reverse to
the first named, and it is or may be arranged to be put in and out of gear as
required.
On the spindle on the opposite side of the bow, a cam is secured, which is
arranged to act upon one end of a small lever mounted on the bow part, the
reverse movement being from a spring acting on the lever, the other end of
which lever carries a pawl jointed to it which acts on the teeth of a ratchet
fast on a tube free to rotate upon the end of the spindle.
This tube is screw threaded on its exterior and screws into a screw tapped tube
having a milled collar to give hold, by which it may be rotated by hand. The
outer end of this screw tapped tube is solid and has a square conc centre which
can enter any soft packing against which it is to abut so that by its squares it
will be held from rotating with the spindle.
Thus arranged each rotation of the spindle, will by means of the cam give one

page_text: or more teeth of rotation (as arranged) to the ratchet on the end of the screwed
tube, and this will impart the required amount of feed to the drill or tool.
The lever is or may be arranged so that its pawl may be put in and out of
action when required.
By unscrewing or otherwise detaching the tubular handle and shaft and by
coupling a flexible or other shaft driven from any convenient motor, to the short
shaft in the bow part the spindle may be rotated.
Or without moving the tubular handle or the shaft within it by removing the
crank handle or not, or by arranging gearing or otherwise on the end of the
tubular handle, the shaft within it may be rotated by a flexible shaft or by an
endless band from any suitable motor power.
The mechanisin above described may be varied without departing from its
principle of action, which consists in the mechanism being so combined and
arranged as described, that the drill or tool operated upon can be rotated either
continuously by a crank handle or by power, or intermittently as a ratchet brace
in both cases with an automatic feed.
Dated this Seventh day of February 1898.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.
Improvements in Ratchet Brace and Portable Drilling Mechanism.,
I, ROBERT LUND HATTERSLEY, of Clovelly, Irlam Road, Flixton, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement; —
My invention has for its object the bringing of the mechanism into little space,
so as to be used in places where ordinary portable drilling mechanism could not
be used or only with difficulty, and also to be able to rotate the drill or tool
with much greater speed in most cases, than is possible with the ordinary ratchet
brace or similar mechanism, and at the same time make the drill or tool self-
feeding.
My improved portable mechanism is or may be used with any available abutment
or with any suitable clamp or clamping frame to act as an abutment.
It consists of a spindle, one end of which is prepared with a suitable socket to
receive the shank end of the drill or tap or other tool to be used, which socket
has or may have a set screw to secure the shank of the drill or tool in the socket
of the spindle, or other arrangement may be used for such purpose.
The spindle has bearings in what may be termed a bow part having a tubular
handle connected therewith which is or may be made to screw in and out of the
bow part if desired.
The spindle has a small bevel wheel secured to it, which gears with one on a
shaft having its bearings on the bow part and also in the tubular handle, this
shaft is or may be formed if desired to couple with that part of the shaft having
its bearings in the bow part. To the shaft at the end of the tubular handle
through which the shaft passes, a crank handle is attached, by rotating which,
the spindle is revolved.
The spindle may be revolved by oscillating the tubular handle to and fro as
in an ordinary ratchet brace through a ratchet fixed on the drill spindle or
connected shaft, and a pawl.
T
In some cases, there may be second bevel wheel on the spindle reverse to

page_text: the first named, and it is or may be arranged to be put in and out of gear as
required.
On the spindle on the opposite side of the bow, a cam is secured, which is
arranged to act upon one end of a small lever mounted on the bow part, the
reverse movement being from a spring acting on the lever, the other end of
which lever carries a pawl jointed to it which acts on the teeth of a ratchet
fast on a tube free to rotate upon the end of the spindle.
This tube is screw threaded on its exterior and screws into a screw tapped tube
having a milled collar to give hold, by which it may be rotated by hand. The
outer end of this screw tapped tube is solid and has a square cone centre which
can enter any soft packing against which it is to abut so that by its squares it
will be held from rotating with the spindle.
Thus arranged each rotation of the spindle will by means of the cam give one
or more teeth of rotation (as arranged) to the ratchet on the end of the screwed
tube, and this will impart the required amount of feed to the drill or tool.
The lever is or may be arranged so that its pawl may be put in and out of
action when required.
By unscrewing or otherwise detaching the tubular handle and shaft and by
coupling a flexible or other shaft driven from any convenient motor, to the short
shaft in the bow part the spindle may be rotated.
Or without moving the tubular handle or the shaft within it by removing the
crank handle or not, or by arranging gearing or otherwise on the end of the
tubular handle, the shaft within it may be rotated by a flexible shaft or by an
endless band from any suitable motor power.
The mechanism above described may be varied without departing from its
principle of action which consists in the mechanism being so combined and
arranged as described, that the drill or tool operated upon can be rotated either
continuously by a crank handle or by power; or intermittently as a ratchet brace
in both cases with an automatic feed."
Fig. 1, is a side elevation partly in section of my combined ratchet brace and
rotary drill.
Fig. 2, is a plan section below the line A-B Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, is a detail showing how the sliding crown ratchet tube is held from
revolving, and in two positions.
Fig. 4, is a face view of a disc detached for preventing the feeding action of
the pawl upon the ratchet wheel except as desired.
Fig. 5, is a side elevation partly in section showing a modification for feeding
the drill by gearing.
Fig. 6, is a plan view of the same partly in section on the line C-D Fig. 5.
a, is the spindle, its lower end is prepared with a socket a¹, to receive the end
of the drill b, which is to be used, which drills are or may be secured in the
socket a¹, by a set screw a².
The spindle a, has its bearings in what may be termed a bow c, and upon the
spindle a bevel wheel a³, is secured which gears with one d¹, secured on the end
of a shaft d.
This shaft, has its bearings in a tube 2, (which forms a handle) one end of
which tube screws into the bow c, at a right angle to the spindle a.
The outer end of the shaft d, has a crank handle d³, secured to it by which the
shaft d, and thus the spindle a, may be rotated continuously.
On the boss, of the crank handle d³, a crown ratchet do, is formed, the teeth
of which correspond with those forming another crown ratchet on the end of a
tube do, that can slide upon the tubular handle d², so that the crown ratchet
teeth on the tube d, can be brought into gear or out of gear with those on the
boss of the crank handle . There is an annular space for a helical spring,
round the handle d², one end of which spring comes against a shoulder within
the tube d, and the other against a hoop, over which the inner bore of the
tube slides, which hoop is secured by a screw, passing through a slot d, in

page_text: the tube, and screwing through a hole into the hoop d³, and into the
handle d².
This slot d, is of the form shown in Fig. 3. By sliding the tube do, back,
and turning it slightly, the teeth on the end of the tube are brought and held out
of gear with those on the boss of the crank handle but when the drill is
to be used as a ratchet brace the tube do, is turned back until the screw comes
into the slot, in the lengthway of the tube, when the spring, will allow
the tube do, to move backward and forward, and the ratchet teeth on the
crank to pass over the teeth on the tube 6, at the back stroke or oscillation of
the handle, and during its forward stroke or oscillation, the teeth on the
tube 6, will hold the teeth on the crank from revolving, thus turning the drill
which remains stationary during the back stroke or oscillation.
:
Of course the inclination of the crown ratchet teeth are in the direction to allow
those on the boss of the crank handle d³, to slip over those on the end of the
tube do.
A ratchet and single pawl may be used in place of the crown ratchets; the
ratchet wheel in this case being secured upon the drill spindle a, and the pawl
to act upon it jointed to the bow c.
Above the upper part of the bow c, a cam e, is secured upon the spindle a,
and above the cam e, a disc f, with a notch f¹, in it (see Fig. 4) this disc may
have a hole in it to fit upon the end of a pin f³, in the cam e, so that the
disc and cam will thus rotate together.
Above the disc f, there is a ratchet wheel g, on the lower end of a tube g³,
which fits upon the upper reduced end of the spindle a.
This tube g, is free to rotate on the spindle but is prevented from moving
endways thereon by the head of a screw 92, which screws into a tapped hole in
the reduced end of the spindle a. The exterior of the tube gl, is screw threaded
to screw into the interior of a screw tapped tube h, the lower part of which is
enlarged at h¹, and milled or roughened to give hold for rotating it when required,
and it also has holes h2, in it so that when required it may be rotated by inserting
the end of a rod or pin in the holes.
The upper end of the upper tube h, is made with a square cone end h³; so
that the sharp edges of the angles of the square will bite upon the substance (a
piece of wood by preference) against which the end comes as an abutment when
the drill is in use drilling a hole.
Upon the upper part of the bow c, a curved three armed lever k, is mounted on
a screw k¹, as a fulcrum screwing into the bow c. One arm of this lever k, has a
bent end to come against the edge of the cam e, which is snail shaped, the opposite
end of the bow lever k, has a pawl ³, jointed to it turning on a set-screw k³,
screwing into the end of the lever k.
The boss part of this pawl 2, has a projection 4, from it against which a bend
in, a flat spring, acts, this spring being secured to the upper side of the
lever k, by a screw. The spring acts to press the point of the pawl k², towards
the teeth of the ratchet g, as the curve in the end of the flat spring k
presses
on one side of the projection k, from the pawl and it allows the pawl to lift and
pass over the teeth of the ratchet.
The flat spring 5, also gives way when the pawl is turned round away from
the ratchet wheel in which position the projection k, from the boss of the pawl
enters the second bend (though this second bend may be dispensed with) in the
end of the flat spring, which thus holds the pawl k³, clear and away from the
ratchet teeth.
When the drill is rotated by the crank handle ³, and the pawl 2, is in contact
with the ratchet teeth, the cam e, then causes the lever k, and thus the pawl to
oscillate and propel the ratchet one or more teeth as arranged, for each revolution
of the drill spindle.
The lever k, is moved one way by the cam e, and the arm ko, from a spring,
which may be coiled round the handle d², and secured to the bow c, acts upon the

page_text: arm or tail k7, from the bow lever k. There is or may be a screw k³, screwing
into a screw tapped hole in the bow c, and having a milled head, this screw
having a projection 9, from one side. In the position shown, the cam e, gives
the lever k, the oscillations equal to its full stroke, say equal to two ratchet teeth,
but when the screw 8, is turned to bring the projection, to come against the
side of the arm k7, then the back stroke of the lever k, is only half the length,
and the feed will only be one tooth of the ratchet.
When the drill is to be used as a ratchet brace by oscillating the handle d³,
to and fro, there is a screw f', that screws through a hole near the end of the
pawl. The screw can be conveniently manipulated when the pawl is turned to
one side and when the lower end of the screw f', is screwed to project below the
pawl, its projecting end comes opposite the edge of the notched disc f, which
prevents the end of the pawl from entering the ratchet teeth except at each
revolution of the drill spindle when the notch f¹, in the disc f, comes opposite
the end of the screw, f, and this allows the end of the pawl 2, to engage with
the teeth of the ratchet g, and propel it one or more teeth during the forward
stroke of the ratchet brace handle d, according to the extent of the notch f¹, in
the disc f. The inclined edge of the notch f, lifts by acting on the end of the
screw f, and holds away the pawl from the ratchet during the back stroke of the
handle d, while the drill spindle is stationary, but the pawl propels one or
more teeth during the forward stroke of the handle d, according to the extent
of the notch f¹, in the disc f.
Discs f, with one, two or more sizes of notches f¹, may be used as one disc can
be readily replaced by another.
In the modification shown by Figs. 5 and 6-the reduced part of the spindle a,
above the bow. has a key groove a³, in its lengthway, and a tube 1, fits upon it
having a cone end; and at its lower end there is a key in the tube 1, that fits the
groove a³, in the spindle so that the tube l, and spindle rotate together.
The cone end comes into a centre hole in the part forming the abutment when
drilling which centre hole in this modification permits the cone ended tube to
rotate freely with the drill spindle a.
The exterior of the tube l, with the cone end is screw threaded and screws into
another tube m, the lower end of which rests against the boss of a spur wheel m¹,
secured upon the spindle a, and this spur wheel gears with another spur wheel m²,
on a pin m³, arranged as hereinafter described, which wheel m², has another
wheel m, secured to its boss that gears with a spur wheel m5, loose upon the lower
end of the outer tube m.
The under side of the boss of this wheel m³, has crown ratchet teeth that gear
with similar teeth on a ring m6, secured upon the lower end of the outer tube m.
There is a helical spring n, on the latter, one end of which acts against the
boss of the wheel m³, the other against a hoop n¹, secured upon the outer tube by
a screw.
This spring n, allows the wheel m³, to be rotated one way (during the back
oscillation when used as a ratchet brace) without rotating the outer tube, but
the crown ratchet teeth become engaged when the wheel m³, rotates in the opposite
direction. This arrangement comes into operation when the drill is used as a
ratchet brace, as when rotated by the crank handle d³, continuously and not by
oscillation the wheels rotate continuously in the same direction.
The wheel m¹, is larger than the wheel m², and the wheel m¹, is larger than
rotates faster
the wheel m³, on the outer tube m, consequently the outer tube m,
than the inner tube l, rotated by the spindle a, and thus the inner tube l, moves
outwards endways and gives the desired feed to the drill.
The two wheels m' and m³, are on a stud m³, the upper end of which forms a
handle, and its lower end screws into a bent part m', that extends to each side
of the bow c, and is hinged on a pin m³, passing through a hole in the bow c.
The bent part m³, has an elastic arm m³, from one. side that presses against a
projection c¹, formed upon the bow.

page_text: This projection c¹, is made with a hollow at the two extremes, so that the end
of the elastic arm m³, will enter these hollows and will have to rise in passing
from one to the other, and by this means the wheels on the stud m³, will be held
in gear as shown in one position when drilling and will be held out of gear in
the other position.
There is a stud ², screwed into the bow c, the upper end being bent to come
over the edge of the spur wheel m³, to prevent it from falling off the spindle
when the drill is not in use and is turned up-side down. The bend on the stud
can be turned to one side when the tubes 7 and m, are to be removed from the
spindle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination of mechanism which can be used to drive the spindle inter-
mittently in the ordinary manner of a ratchet brace, or to drive the spindle
continuously through a shaft in the handle of the brace mechanism with an auto-
matic feed in each case substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings or as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings.
2. The use of a disc f, with a notch f¹, combined with a pin f*, or its equivalent
connected with a pawl k², substantially as and for the purpose herein before
described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Seventh day of November 1898.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.