Improvements in Barrels, Tubs, Tubes, or Casks, and the like Hollow Articles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in Barrels, Tubs, Tubes, or Casks, and the like
Hollow Articles.
We, ROBERT ALBERT TOWNSEND, of Kurrachi, Sindh, India, Mining Engineer,
and WILLIAM YATES, of London, in the Province of Ontario, Canada,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements on barrels, tubs, packages, bollow
vessels, tubes and the like, and has for its object, to provide a device for safely
and securely holding liquids or other merchandise during transportation or
storage.
And these improvements consist of a section or sections each provided with a
flange, at or near the rim, of a clamp having a groove formed therein, and bevelling
said flange and tapering said groove, either or both as preferred, and of an internal
metallic hoop or ring formed of one rigid, unbroken, circular piece, and securing
means in connection with the above, whereby the whole is firmly clamped together
to form a liquid and air tight joint where the sections are joined together.
In order that our improvements may be better understood, we have illustrated
in the accompanying drawings a barrel constructed according to our invention, in
which drawings.
Fig. 1. is a side view of a barrel embodying our invention.
Fig. 2. shows the half barrel sections nested together for shipment.
Fig. 3. is an enlarged detail central longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4. shows a sectional view full size of one side of the barrel on the line, a, a,
of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5. is another view of Fig. 4. showing the parts separated.
Fig. 6. is a plan view of the segmental clamps and clamping band.
Fig. 7. is a perspective view of a segmental clamp which is formed slightly
different to that shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 8. shows a cross sectional view of a modification of the internal hoop
or ring.
As shown in the accompanying drawings, the body of this barrel is formed
of two half barrel sections, B, B, and of the shape shown, but said body may be
formed of any suitable size or shape, and of steel or other suitable material, and
of two or more sections as preferred, and may have an interior lining or not as
preferred.
And these barrel or package sections, B, B, may be stamped or otherwise
formed out of one piece without any seam or joint, but they may be formed of one

page_text: or more pieces as preferred, and in the case of tubs, one of the barrel sections may
have the function of a cover only, in which case, the edge of the cover could take
the place of one of the flanges.
And these sections, B, B, are each formed or otherwise provided with a rim
flange, F, but said flange may be at or near the rim; and one or both of said
flanges may be bevelled as shown at, b, or not as preferred.
And, G, designates a gasket or packing of copper or other suitable material
which may be interposed between the flanges, F, F; or this packing, G, may be
placed in the recess, d, of the clamping segments, C, and serve as a packing
between the edge or side of the flanges, F, and said clamping segments.
C, C, designate segmental clamps or clamping sections, one, two, four or any
suitable number of which may be used, and in the concave face of these segmental
clamps, a tapered groove or recess, d, is formed.
And the outer faces of these segmental clamps, C, may be bevelled, or increase
in diameter gradually towards one side as shown particularly in Fig. 5. and cut
away at, f, as shown in Fig. 4. leaving the outer bearings, n, n.
A, designates a clamping band, the inner face of which may be bevelled, which
band encircles the clamping sections, C, C; and, H, H, designate the hoops,
which protect the barrel, said hoops being formed of an outer shield of metal, m,
lined or filled with wood, paper, rope or other material, O.
E, designates a rigid, unbroken, internal, metallic ring or hoop which bridges the
joint of the sections, B, B, when the latter are placed in proper position to be secured
together; and this ring or hoop, E, is provided with a rib or flange, e, which rib
projects into and engages with the recess, S, at the inner edge of the junction of
the sections, B, B, this hoop centres or holds the inner faces of said sections in
line while the clamping segments and band are being placed in position, and while
the clamping segments are being moved over on the flanges, F, by the clamping
band the hoop, E, being for the purpose of centering and strengthening the
barrel at this point, and the rib, e, for preventing the accidental displacement of
said hoop.
This barrel is put together as follows;-the hoop or ring, E, formed of one solid,
rigid, unbroken circular piece, as hereinbefore stated, is placed in one of the
sections, B, so that the flange, e, of the hoop or ring, E, will rest on the inner
edge of said section; when adjusted as described one half of said hoop or ring, E,
will project into, and the other half project upwards from said section, B;
another inverted section, B, is then placed in position on the first section, said
inverted section being guided into position on the first section by the upwardly
projecting portion of the internal hoop or ring, E, this centres or brings the
internal faces of the adjacent sections, B, in line, and in such relation to one
another that the flange of said inverted section will rest true on the corresponding
flange of the first or lower section, or on the packing, G, laid thereon; in the
latter case, the packing, G, will be between the flanges, F, F, of said sections, B, B ;
the segmental clamps, C, are then placed around the barrel and over these
flanges, F, so that said flanges, F, will enter the recess, d, of said clamps, C.
The edge of the clamping band, A, is then placed over the edge of the smallest
diameter of the segmental clamps, C, and by pressing this band, A, over on said
clamps the latter are moved over on the flanges, F, and the further said clamping
band, A, is moved over on the outer bevelled face of the clamping sections, C, the
more tightly will the segmental clamps, C, be pressed on the flanges, F, F, of the
adjacent sections, until the clamping band, A, is in the position shown in Fig's. 3
and, 4, during which operation the internal hoop or ring, E, has been holding the
internal faces of the sections, B, in line, and the flanges, F, true on one another,
and when the clamping band, A, is adjusted as shown in Fig. 4. it will be impos-
sible under any circumstances to accidentally displace the clamping sections, C,
or the clamping band, A, and the latter may be additionally secured to said
clamping sections by locking pins or screws, R, engaging with the channels or
recesses, f, in the outer face of said clamping sections, as shown in Fig. 4; and

page_text: while the clamping band, A, is being pressed over on or upwards on the outer
bevelled face of the clamping segments, C, C, the bevelled faces, b, of the
flanges, F, F, and the tapered faces, a, of the clamps, C, have been moving
over on one another to compress the flanges, F, F, together, and thereby clamping
the packing, G, firmly in place to avoid and completely prevent the escape of the
contents at this point.
And the action of the clamping band, A, on the outer bearings, n, of the
segmental clamps, C, of the form shown in Fig. 4. is to compress the portion
of the segmental clamp, C, near the outer edges of the groove, d, tightly on the
flanges, F, F, near the body of the barrel; the result of the combined action of
the clamping band, A, moving upwards on the outer bevelled face of the segmental
clamps, C, which tightly compresses said segmental clamps, C, on the flanges, F, F ;
and the action of the segmental clamp, C, on the bevelled faces b, of the flanges, F, F,
to compress them and the packing, G, tightly together; and the action of the
clamping band, A, on the bearings, n, of the clamping segments, C, to bind the
latter tightly on the flanges, F, adjacent to the body of the barrel, is to avoid
and completely prevent the escape of the contents, and at the same time, make an
air and liquid tight joint at this point, and consequently, make the barrel, tub, or
package, air and liquid tight.
By an apparatus not shown, pressure may be applied to the clamping band, A,
evenly throughout, to remove it from the clamping segments, C, after which the
latter, and if necessary, the packing, G, may be removed, and the hoops, H, H,
knocked off, when the half barrel sections may be adjusted or nested as shown in
Fig. 2. to occupy very little room when shipping.
And by a suitable air and liquid tight screw, plug, or bung, in the end of the
barrel, the contents may be replenished or removed as desired.
It will be readily understood that the bevelled or tapered faces formed on the
flanges, F, F, or the tapered groove, d, formed in the segmental clamps, C, may be
on either only, or both, or on one side of either, or on both sides as preferred;
and also that the clamping band, A, may be heated to expand the same, and
thereby facilitate the placing of said band, A, in proper position on the
segments, C, the cooling of which band will shrink it on the segments, C, to further
rigidly bind the whole together.
The construction herein shown and described we have found by experiment to
give the best results, but while we prefer the construction shown, we do not limit
ourselves to the details thereof, as they may be modified in various ways without
departing from the spirit of our invention.
And again, in the foregoing description of our invention we have referred to it
as applied to a barrel or package composed of two or more sections, but this
invention is equally applicable to the fastening together of sections of any hollow
vessels or tubes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is.-
1st. In a barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, a clamp formed
with an internal groove and the outer face bevelled laterally, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
2nd. In a barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, a clamp formed
with an internal groove and with a channel or channels in the outer face, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. In a barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, a clamp formed
with an internal groove, with the outer face bevelled laterally, and with a chan. el
or channels in said outer face, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4th. In a barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, a claim
composed of sections, each of which is formed with an internal groove, and with.
a laterally bevelled outer face, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 5th. In a barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, a clamp
composed of sections, each of which is formed with an internal groove, and with
a channel or channels in the outer face, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
6th. In a barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, a clamp
composed of sections, each of which is formed with an internal groove, with an outer
face bevelled laterally, and with a channel or channels in said outer face, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
7th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections provided
with flanges, in combination with rigid clamping segments, in the concave face
of which tapered grooves are formed, and a clamping band for tightly compressing
said segments on said flanges, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, provided
with bevelled flanges, in combination with rigid clamping segments, in the
concave face of which grooves are formed, and a clamping band for tightly
compressing said segments on said flanges, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
3th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube formed of sections, provided
with flanges, in combination with rigid clamping segments,, in the. concave face of
which grooves are formed, and a clamping band for tightly compressing said
segments on said flanges, and bevelling said flanges and tapering said grooves, either
or both as preferred, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
10th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more
sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, F, in combination with a packing, G,
bevelled clamping segments, C, and the clamping band, A, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
.
11th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more
sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, F, in combination with grooved
clamping segments, C, bevelled laterally on the outer face, and clamping band, A,
as a means for tightly compressing said segments on said flanges, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
12th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more
sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, F, in combination with a packing, G,
grooved clamping segments, C, bevelled laterally on the outer face, and the
clamping band, A, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
13th. The clamping band, A, and the locking pins or screws, R, in combination
with the clamping segments, C, having a channel or channels formed in their outer
face for the reception of said pins or screws, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
14th. The clamping band, A, and the locking pins or screws, R, in combination
with the clamping segments, C, having a channel or channels, f, formed in their
outer face for the reception of said pins or screws, and the package composed of
the sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
15th. An internal hoop or ring, E, provided with a rib or flange, e, in com-
bination with a barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of sections, having
a recess, S, at the inner edge of the junction of said sections, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
16th. An internal hoop or ring, E, formed of one solid, rigid, unbroken circular
piece, provided with a rib or flange, e, in combination with a barrel, package,
hollow vessel or tube composed of sections having a recess, S, at the inner edge of
the junction of said sections, formed by bending a portion of each section outwards
to form a flange thereon, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
17th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more
sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, F, in combination with the grooved
clamping segments, C, the clamping band, A, and the internal hoop, E, substantially
s and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 18th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more
sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, F, bevelled at, b, in combination with
the packing, G, internal hoop, E, grooved clamping segments, C, C, and the
clamping band, A, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
19th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more-
sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, F, in combination with the packing, G,.
internal heop, E, grooved clamping segments, C, formed with a tapered or curved
face or faces, a, and the clamping band, A, substantially as and for the purpose.
set forth.
20th. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more
sections, B, B, provided with bevelled flanges, F, F, in combination with the
packing, G, internal hoop, E, grooved and bevelled clamping segments, C, C,.
provided with the bearings, n, n, and the clamping band, A, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
21st. The barrel, package, hollow vessel or tube composed of two or more
sections, B, B, provided with the flanges, F, F, in combination with the grooved
clamping segments, C, bevelled laterally on the outer face, and the clamping
band, A, bevelled laterally on the inner face, substantially as and for the purpose.
set forth.
22nd. A package composed of a section, provided with a flange, in combination
with a cover fastened thereto by the rigid clamping segments, in the concave face
of which tapered grooves are formed, and a clamping band, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
23rd. A package composed of a section, B, provided with a flange, F, in
combination with a cover fastened to said flange, F, by grooved clamping
segments, C, bevelled laterally on the outer face, and clamping band, A,.
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
24th. A package composed of a section, B, provided with a flange, F, and the
packing, G, in combination with a cover fastened to said flange, F, by grooved
clamping segments, C, bevelled laterally on the outer face, and clamping band, A,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
25th. A package composed of a section, B, provided with a flange, F, the
internal flanged hoop, E, and the packing, G, in combination with a cover fastened
to said flange, F, by grooved clamping segments, C, and clamping band, A,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
26th. A package composed of a section, provided with a flange in combination
with a cover fastened thereto by the grooved clamping segments, bevelled laterally
on the outer face, and the clamping band bevelled laterally on the inner face,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
27th. The clamping band, A, and the locking pins or screws, R, in combination
with the clamping segments, C, having a channel or channels formed in their
outer face for the reception of said pins or screws, and the package composed of
a section, B, provided with a flange, F, and a cover fastened to said section,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 8th day of June 1895.
ROBERT ALBERT TOWNSEND.
WILLIAM YATES.