IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING ROTARY MATION
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,"
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING ROTARY
MATION" A communication
Sealed the 7th October 1856, and dated the 16th July 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th July 1856.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING ROTARY:
MOTION," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the obtaining of rotary motion from the expansion
of steam or air, by causing the same to impel forward and backward a con-.
fined body of water or other fluid, which, in its motion, will act upon a
turbine, and give rotary motion thereto. In carrying out this Invention, two
vertical cylinders are employed, to receive from the valve box the steam or
heated air which is to act alternately on two columns of water contained in
the cylinders. These cylinders communicate at bottom with a hot water.
chest, in which a double turbine is mounted, the buckets being so arranged.

page_text: برو
that when one set is operated upon, by the flowing water, rotary motion will
be obtained in one direction, and vice versa. In the cover of each cylinder is
a gland capable of being closed by a valve attached to a float, or it may be to
a piston rod, working in the cylinder. When steam is admitted into one
cylinder, the float or piston contained therein will be forced down, and the
water below it will be propelled forward to the other cylinder through a
suitable arrangement of valves with which the hot water chest is provided.
As, therefore, the turbine is interposed between the two cylinders, the water
will be caused to pass through it, and thereby rotate it with a power due to
the steam power applied. To reverse the rotation of the türbine, the water is
shut off by means of sluices from one set of buckets and let on to the other set;
or reverse gearing may be employed, if thought desirable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
:
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 15th January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, Í, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON,, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
I
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord Onè
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license that I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others' as I, the
said Alfred Vincent) Newton; my executors, administrators; and assigns, should
at any time agree with; and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention: for." IMPROVED
APPARATUS FÓR OBTAINING ROTARY MOTION;" being; a communication from
abroad; upon the condition- (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand; and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the. said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and: cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters. Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same * is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings. hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say)
This Invention relates to a novel construction of motive power machine;
térmed by the Inventor 'a "hydro steam engine." In the accompanying
Drawings making part of this Specification, Fig. 1 shews the engine in
longitudinal sectional elevation; Fig. 2 is a vertical section, taken at right
angles to Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, taken at the line A, a, of
Fig. 1. The same letters indicate like parts in all the Figures:.
.
The following is a description of the engine as communicated to me by the
Inventor Letter A represents the bottom or water chamber, which contains
a double turbine wheel, as shewn at O and N, also four foot valves, represented
at Q, Q; Q, Q.. Letters B, B', are two vertical steam-tight cylinders, that
communicate with the hot water chamber A. These cylinders contain two
hollow globular floats, that are clearly shown at M and M. Letters C, C¹, ȧre-
two smaller vertical cylinders, the bottom of which form the top of the
cylinders B, B'. There are also two hydrostatic piston valves placed in the
cylinders C, C¹, ás shewn at t, t. Letters E; E', represent the vertical piston
rods; letters D, D', are the horizontal steam passages, and G, G, the con-
tinuations of D, D', into the steam chest H; letter J represents the exhaust
passage from the steam chest; letter L. is the horizontal slide valve in the
steam chest, which is operated by the quadrant (or circular plates) -F, F,
when forced up by the piston rods E, E;. letter O is. the outer or movable.
turbine wheel, which revolves around the stationary or guiding turbine wheel
N; shewn at Figures 1 and 2; each wheel has two sets of buckets, one set
right and the other left (with a dividing plate between them), for the purpose
of reversing the motion, the second or reversed set of buckets being concealed
by the sluice ring. P: Letters P, P¹, represent the cylindrical sluices,. 'the
width of which is sufficient to cover one set of buckets on the outer wheel," at
the same time covering the corresponding set of buckets on the inner .or fixed
wheel; these cylindrical sluices are connected by ineans of rods to the spider
P, that is attached to the gate stem, which is operated by the lever Letter
R is the hub of the movable turbine; S is a stationary hub, the large:end of
which forms a head in one side of the water chamber, and supports the main
shaft, at the same time keeping the turbine in its place.
The stationary turbine it will be seen is attached to and on one side of a
vertical partition A, which divides the water box A, and this partition extends

page_text: around the base of the two cylinder's B, B¹, so as to form two chambers,
B, B, one under each cylinder. The partition on both sides of each
chamber B, and B, is provided with ports for the passage of the water, to
which ports are fitted the foot valves Q; Q1, Q, Q, so hung that the water
can enter each chamber through one valve, and pass out through the other.
valve, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3. The floats M, M', and valves
t, t¹, are attached to rods fitted to slide for a short distance on the lower ends
of the pistons on the rods E, E¹, and the pistons are pierced with holes or
ports for the passage of steam, which holes or ports are governed by the
valves t, t', on the floats.
The chambers A, B, B, are filled with hot water in any suitable manner
from the boiler, until it rises in the main cylinders to about half their height.
When steam is admitted by the steam pipe I to the steam chest, it will pass
down the passage G and D, to the small cylinder C, and passing through the
holes in the pistons fitted thereto, will force down the valve t, and enter the
cylinder. B. It will now press on the surface of the water in the main
cylinder B, and thus force the water through the valve Q, causing it thereby
to take a direction as indicated by the arrows. through the turbine, giving it
the required powers, therice through the valve Q", and to rise in the cylinder
B; and when it gets to the required height, it will force up the float M², close
the valve. t, and then force up the small piston until its rod E' acts upon the
sector F¹, to shift the valve, by which the direction of the action of the engine
is reversed, by establishing the communication between the steam way G, and
the exhaust port" J, to exhaust the cylinder B, at the same time to admit
the steam to the other cylinder in the same manner, and force back the
water; and in returning, to cause it to pass through the foot valves, so as to
give it the same direction through the turbine. In this way the mass of water
is caused, by the alternate pressure of steam, first in one cylinder and then in
the other, to force the water out of one cylinder into the other, and vice versâ,
and as the turbine is interposed between the two, the water is caused to pass
through, and thereby cause it to rotate with a power due to the steam power
applied. The air vessel K communicates with the hot water chamber A, and
by reason of the elasticity of the contained air, acts as a regulator to continue
the motion, as the pressure on the water is reversed.
When it is desired to reverse the rotation of the turbine, it is only necessary
to slide the sluices P, P¹, to shut off the water from one set of buckets, and let
it on to the other and reversed set. It will be obvious from the foregoing that,
instead of the two sets of buckets, the motion can be reversed by reversing
the gearing on the shaft, and, thereby dispense with one set of buckets, but

page_text: it is preferable to use two sets of buckets; and it will also be obvious that
one part of the Invention can be applied by substituting any other kind
of wheel for the turbine, although the turbine is the best adapted to the
purpose.
Instead of causing the steam to act directly on the surface of the water in
the cylinders, it may be made to act on pistons fitted to the cylinders, or on
flexible diaphragms interposed between the steam and water, in which case
the piston or diaphragm rods can be made to act at the end of the upward
strokes on the sector levers F, F, or equivalent means to shift the valve, as
the mode of shifting the valve makes no part of the Invention.
It will be obvious that, without changing the principle or mode of operation
of the Invention, a variety of changes may be made in the construction and
arrangement of the parts by the substitution of equivalent means.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, and explained the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited
Letters Patent, I claim the method, substantially as described, of imparting
rotary motion to a wheel or wheels by the pressure of steam or other equivalent
expanded gas acting alternately on the opposite one of two columns of water
or other liquid, connected together, to cause the said water by such alternate
action to pass through and impel the wheel or wheels, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.s.)