IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON BANDS USED " IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING WORSTED, COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MANNER OF CONNECTING THE SAME
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Rowbottom, of Glossop, in the County,
of Derby, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON BANDS USED
"
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING WORSTED, COTTON, OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MANNER OF CONNECTING THE SAME.”
"3
Sealed the 8th June 1875, and dated the 17th December 1874.
SAMUEL ROWBOTTOM, of Glossop, in the County of Derby, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON
BANDS USED IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING WORSTED, COTTON, OR
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MANNER OF CONNECTING THE SAME," to
be as follows:-

page_text: manner that there is no necessity for tying the ends together, and hence
the bands being without knots work much smoother and without jerk,
and a better yarn is produced with less breakage, and at the same time
there is a considerable economy in the saving of the waste which occurs
under the old method of cutting off some inches of the ends of the band
after tying. I make the bands in the usual manner, with the exception
that in the process of manufacture I form a loop or eye splice" at
each end of the band by splicing or intertwining the ends of the strands
backwards, leaving the band when so finished exactly the length required,
instead of having it some inches longer to allow for tying as heretofore
practised. I then connect or unite the two ends of the band by passing
a small wire hook through the two loops so formed, or by sewing the
two loops together. By this method of manufacturing and uniting the
bands I dispense entirely with the use of knots, and effect a great
economy both in labor and material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Rowbottom in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th June 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I, SAMUEL
ROWBOTTOM, of Glossop, in the County of Derby, Cotton Spinner and
Cotton Band Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Rowbottom, Her
special licence, that I, the said Samuel Rowbottom, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel
Rowbottom, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON BANDS USED IN MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING AND DOUBLING WORSTED, COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES; AND IN

page_text: one of
THE MANNER OF CONNECTING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Samuel Rowbottom, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Rowbottom, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My improvements in cotton bands (used in above-mentioned machinery)
and in the manner of connecting same consist :-
1. As regards the form or character of the band itself, which is so
formed or constructed that there is no necessity for tying the ends
together, hence the band is left smooth and free from knots.
2. As regards the manner of connecting or uniting the ends of the
bands when constructed as aforesaid.
As to the first point (1) above mentioned the band is constructed in
the usual manner, except that I form a loop or an eye splice at each
end of the band by splicing, warping, or intertwining the ends of the
strands backwards, leaving the band when so finished exactly the length
required, instead of having it some inches longer to allow for tying, as
heretofore practised. Thus, my band is a double-looped band manu-
factured like an ordinary single-looped band, except that one strand is
some inches (say, six inches) longer than the other if the loop is warped,
but if spliced the ends are of equal length, and the half of the band at
the loose end thereof is made with 30 per cent. more twist than the
looped end, which when the second loop is formed gives an even twist at
each loop, the extra twist given in the half at the loose end of the band
which when either spliced or warped is thrown into the end so spliced
or warped, thereby forms the second loop of the band. The loops of the
band are made of any strength by covering them with or inserting
therein metallic wire, flax, silk, cotton, or other fibrous material

page_text: according to the speed and the class of machinery to which the band
has to be applied, and they are made to any thickness, from a 32nd
part of an inch to an inch and a quarter. The bands are made the right
length for any machine, and consequently no waste can arise as in the
ordinary band, which must of necessity be a great saving in material to
the user of them, and such bands are intended to be used to any kind of
machinery in cotton, woollen, worsted, flax, silk, and jute mills.
As regards the second point (2) herein-before referred to I effect the
connecting of the ends of the band by a small indented and pointed
metallic hook by fastening the same into one of the loop ends of the
band before it is sent to the user. The band is to be applied to machinery,
by hooking (by the assistance of the adjuster herein-after described with
reference to the accompanying Drawings), the fastened hook into the other
loop, and by a small pair of pressers (shown by the Drawings) the hook
is pressed down and forms a link the same thickness as the band; or
the band is joined or connected at the loops by sewing or tying them
with cotton, flax, silk, or other fibrous substances, and is applied with
safety to the machinery whilst it is in motion, and can be adjusted by the
smallest boy that may be employed considerably quicker than the single
looped band can be adjusted.

page_text: Fig. 3 shows the ends of the double-looped band, with metallic hook
fastened at one end, unconnected; Fig. 4 shows the same connected or
joined together.
show bands of the old forms, and C better illustration of the application
of my Invention.
A shows the joining of the old class of bands; B shows the joining of
the single loop band, which has been in use about forty years; C shows
the end of a twisting or doubling frame, with the looped band applied
thereto. To better explain my meaning of the loop being produced by
warping, as mentioned in the first part of this Specification, is that one
portion of the band, shewn in the Fig. 7, is what is termed cable laid, that
is to say, any number of threads are used to form a fifth part, or any
number of parts of one strand, according to the thickness of the band
required to be made, and containing a small amount of twist is warped
according to the required length of the band, which leaves as many loops
at the end of the strand c¹ (shewn in the Figure) as there are threads
used, which when separated from each other and laced with the loose
ends d', d', (shown in the Figure) to the other looped strand e¹ (shewn in
the Figure) forms the second loop of the band. That portion of the band
(Fig. 5) from a¹ to b¹ is made with 30 per cent. more twist than from
a¹ to f¹.
66
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and
object of my said Invention, and in what manner the same may be
performed or carried out in practice, I hereby declare that I claim the
herein-before described Invention of Improvements in Cotton Bands
used in Machinery for Spinning and Doubling Worsted, Cotton, and
other Fibrous Substances, and in the Manner of Connecting the same,'
wherein important points are, the construction of a double-loop band, as
herein described, together with the improvements in connecting such
band, as herein described, it being understood that I do not claim the
several constituent matters per se shewn by the Drawings, nor do I limit
myself to the use of precisely such matters, but reserve the right to vary

page_text: the same so long as the substantial character of my said Invention, as
herein described, is adopted.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Rowbottom, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,.
THOMAS S. BOWDEN,
Accountant,
40, Church Street,
Glossop.
SAMUEL ROWBOTTOM. (L.S.)