or whole to other Lamps.
Year: 1885

page_text: or whole to other Lamps.
We ISAAC BLAKE of 3 St Georges Crescent and MAJOR DAIN of 5 Summer
Lane Birmingham in the County of Warwick Lamp Manufacturers do hereby
declare the nature of our Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CARRIAGE
LAMPS APPLICABLE IN PART OR IN WHOLE TO OTHER LAMPS to be as follows:-
This specification establishes our claim which relates to other improvements
over a Patent granted to us bearing date March 26th 1885 N° 3891 for improve-
ments in lamps.
The lamps to which our improvements principally have reference and in
connection with which we will describe our invention, are Railway carriage
lamps, being that class of lamps employed in the roof in which a fixed reflection
is arranged for throwing down the light from above. Our aim and object being
the regulating and controlling the light in the said lamps and also other lamps
which burn or consume fixed or volatile oils, and as the regulating and controlling
of the light depend upon a proper system of oil supply and the arrangement or
adjustment of the wick, our invention will have reference specially to these
matters.
By practical experience we have found that the method hitherto employed for
the regulating or controlling the flow of oil by means of a simple float and valve
in carriage roof lamps has proved insufficient to prevent an escape or overflow of
oil when the lamp is not burning and that Railway Engineers will not sauction the
use of lamps for burning mineral oils that are liable to escape or overflow at any
time The prevention of any escape or overflow can only be effected with certainty
by means of a valve closed by a mechanical force of greater power than the
pressure obtained from a float. The float pressure is found amply sufficient to
regulate the flow of oil and prevent any overflow while the lamp is burning;
the difficulty has been to prevent the overflow when the lamp was not burning.
We will now describe our improvements upon or in connection with our former
Patent as above alluded to, thus :-
We construct a suitable oil vessel or chamber and attach to it a valve chamber
which is supplied with oil by means of a small hole in the partition between the
two chambers or by a tube when the chambers are apart. The valve chamber may
be attached to the oil chamber in any suitable position or manner.
Pin 1
We fix to the

page_text: bottom of the valve chamber a double valve that is to say a valve which is opened
and shut at the top or inlet by means of the moveable part of the valve working
from a screw pressure actuated by a thumb piece, or by a lever suitably constructed,
or an equivalent, so that this said valve is hermetically closed, which is of the
greatest value, and is opened and closed at the bottom or outlet by means of the
moveable part of the valve which is fixed to a lever or otherwise and actuated by
a float to be afterwards described.
When the inlet of the valve is closed by means of the screw or its equivalent
the communication between the oil vessel and the burner is effectively stopped and
no overflow of oil can take place, but when the inlet is opened and the lamp is
burning the oil will flow and be regulated or controlled by the outlet valve and
the float so as not to overflow. Instead of having a separate valve chamber the
double valve may be fixed to the bottom of the oil vessel in certain kinds of
lamps.
We construct the float and valve apparatus thus :-We make a float chamber of
a vertical tube of a suitable size, to the bottom of which we fix a tube leading to
the burner, we make a metal float or one of other material and to its upper part
we fix a wire and to the end of the wire we attach one end of a lever The lever
is suitably attached to a pivot or fulcrum, and extended beyond the fulcrum to any
required distance. The lever is made thicker and heavier towards the end from
the float, on the lever between the fulcrum and the float end, we fix the moveable
part of the outlet valve. We make a suitable horizontal chamber for the lever to
be fixed and to work in, and we attach one end of the lever chamber to the side of
the float chamber at the top, at, or nearly at right angles to each other, we make a
slot in the top of the float chamber for the lever to work up and down in a hole
for the oil to flow through from the lever chamber into the float chamber. The
lever chamber is attached to the valve chamber so that the several parts of the
outlet valve work together in proper order for the valve to open and shut as
the oil falls and rises in the float chamber and thus a constant and regular supply
of oil is maintained without
any overflow.
In some lamps we should not require the lever or lever chamber, but should open
and shut the outlet valve by means of the direct action of the float and wire upon
the moveable part of the valve and in such lamps we should attach the float
chamber to the valve chamber.
To the upper part of the lamp case we affix a plate to which is arranged a
bracket or support for carrying a spindle one end being provided with a thumb and
finger plate, the other end a pinion wheel, to the lower part of the said plate is a
vertical tube reaching down to the lower part of the burner and connected to the
same by a tube or arm fixed horizontally, the vertical tube secretes and holds in
position a rack to which is geared the pinion wheel at the top; the arm forming
an angle has a spindle passing through and a pinion wheel on each end of it one
geared to the rack at the bottom and the other to a rack which carries a tube
fitting the exterior of the wick tube and moving vertically.
According to the direction in which the thumb and finger plate is moved the
pinion wheel and rack and the tube fitting upon the wick tube is moved corre-
spondingly, and the light is increased diminished or extinguished, when in a
required position its moving through vibration is prevented by the employment of
a thumb screw passing through the bracket or support and bearing upon or against
the spindle.

page_text: Improvements in Railway Carriage Lamps, Applicable in Part
or Whole to other Lamps.
We ISAAC BLAKE of 3 St Georges Crescent, and MAJOR DAIN of 5 Summer
Lane, both of Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This Specification establishes our Claim which relates to other improvements
over a Patent granted to us bearing date March 26th 1885 N° 3891 for improve-
ments in Lamps.
The Lamps to which our improvements principally have reference and in
connection with which we will describe our Invention, are Railway Carriage
Lamps, being that class of Lamp employed in the Roof, in which a fixed reflection
is arranged for throwing down the light from above.
Our aim and object being the regulating and controlling the light in the said
Lamps and also other Lamps which burn or consume fixed or volatile Oils, and as
the regulating and controlling of the light depend upon a proper system of Oil
supply, and the arrangement or adjustment of the Wick, our Invention will have
reference specially to these matters.
By practical experience we have found that the method hitherto employed for
the regulating or controlling the flow of Oil by means of a simple float and valve
in Carriage roof lamps has proved insufficient to prevent an escape or overflow of
Oil when the Lamp is not burning; and that Railway Engineers will not sanction
the use of Lamps for burning mineral Oils that are liable to escape or overflow at
any time. The prevention of any escape or overflow can only be effected with
certainty by means of a valve closed by a mechanical force of greater power than
the pressure obtained from a float. The float pressure is found amply sufficient to
regulate the flow of Oil and prevent any overflow while the Lamp is burning; the
difficulty has been to prevent the overflow when the Lamp was not burning.
We will now describe our improvements upon or in connection with our former
Patent, as above alluded to, thus:
We construct a suitable Oil vessel or Chamber and attach to it a valve-chamber
which is supplied with Oil by means of a small hole in the Partition between the
two Chambers, or by a tube when the Chambers are apart. The valve chamber
may be attached to the Oil Chamber in any suitable position or manner. We fix
to the bottom of the valve chamber a double valve, that is to say, a valve which is
opened and shut at the top or inlet by means of the moveable part of the valve
working from a Screw Pressure, actuated by a thumb piece, or by a lever suitably
constructed, or an equivalent, so that this said valve is hermetically closed, which
is of the greatest value, and is opened and closed at the bottom or outlet by means
of the moveable part of the valve which is fixed to a lever or otherwise and
actuated by a float to be afterwards described.
When the inlet of the valve is closed by means of the Screw or its equivalent
the communication between the Oil vessel and the burner is effectively stopped,

page_text: and no overflow of Oil can take place, but when the inlet is opened and the Lamp
is burning the Oil will flow and be regulated or controlled by the outlet valve and
the float, so as not to overflow. Instead of having a separate valve chamber the
double valve may be fixed to the bottom of the Oil vessel in certain kinds of
lamps.
We construct the float and valve apparatus thus :-We make a float Chamber of
a vertical tube of a suitable size, to the bottom of which we fix a tube leading to
the burner, we make a metal float or one of other material, and to its upper part we
fix a wire and to the end of the wire we attach one end of a lever, The lever
is suitably attached to a pivot or fulcrum, and extended beyond the fulcrum to any
required distance. The lever is made thicker and heavier towards the end from
the float. On the lever between the fulcrum and the float end, we fix the moveable
part of the outlet valve.-We make a suitable horizontal chamber for the lever to
be fixed and to work in, and we attach one end of the lever chamber to the side of
the float Chamber at the top, at, or nearly at right angles to each other, we make
a slot in the top of the float chamber for the lever to work up and down in, and a
hole for the Oil to flow through from the lever chamber into the float chamber. The
lever chamber is attached to the valve chamber so that the several parts of the
outlet valve work together in proper order for the valve to open and shut as the Oil
falls and rises in the float chamber, and thus a constant and regular supply of Oil is
maintained without any overflow.
In some Lamps we should not require the lever or lever chamber, but should
open and shut the outlet valve by means of the direct action of the float and wire
upon the moveable part of the valve and in such Lamps we should attach the float
chamber to the valve chamber.
To the upper part of the Lamp case we affix a plate to which is arranged a
bracket or support for carrying a Spindle, one end being provided with a thumb
and finger plate, the other end a pinion wheel, to the lower part of the said plate
is a vertical tube reaching down to the lower part of the burner and connected to
the same by a tube or arm fixed horizontally;-the vertical tube secretes and holds
in position a rack to which is geared the pinion wheel at the top; the arm forming
an angle has a spindle passing through and a pinion wheel on each end of it, one
geared to the rack at the bottom, and the other to a rack which carries a tube
fitting the exterior of the Wick-tube and moving vertically.
According to the direction in which the thumb and finger plate is moved, the pinion
wheel and rack and the tube fitting upon the Wick tube is moved correspondenly,
and the light is increased, diminished, or extinguished, when in a required position;
its moving through vibration is prevented by the employment of a thumb screw
passing through the bracket or support and bearing upon or against the Spindle.
And in order that this our said Invention may be more clearly understood, we
have prepared the accompanying sheet of drawings by the aid of which we will
proceed more particularly to describe it.
Similar letters of reference denote similar parts in every figure where they occur.
Figure 1. is a view in elevation of a railway carriage lamp with its appurtenances
shewn in section.
Figure 2. is a view in section of the lamp proper to a larger scale with its
appurtenances.
Figure 3. is a sectional plan of the said lamp.
a, the body of the lamp is provided with the oil vessel or chamber b as hitherto.
c, is the valve chamber connected to b, and supplied with Oil from b, by means of
the tube b' at the bottom of the valve chamber c, is what we have previously
termed a double valve, that is to say one valve d, which is opened and closed by
means of the screwed pillar & by the power of d² the thumb piece; this we term
the upper or inlet valve. d³ is the outlet, and d the moveable valve, which we
term the lower or outlet valve, and which is fixed upon or in connection with the
lever e; (this lower valve by preference would be of leather or other yielding
material.) f, is a vertical tube being the float chamber, and f¹ is the tube leading to

page_text: the burner g, and supplying it with Oil; f' is the float and f³ the wire or stem
which supports the same by affixing at the lower end, the higher point being con-
nected to the lever e, at f by pinning or jointing, thus maintaining a vertical
position when the lever e, is moved, this lever working upon the pivot or fulcrum f³
and counterbalanced by the thickened or weighted end fel is the Chamber in
which is fixed and works the lever e, by preference horizontally; this said lever
chamber is in connection with the float chamber f as shewn at e² and e³ shews the
slot inf, which acts as a guide for the lever e, to work in. By reference to Figure 2
it will be perceived that the valve d, is now raised by means of d and that the Oil
will flow from the Oil vessel b, along the tube 6' and through the said valve d, into
the lever chamber e¹ and then into the float chamber f;-when a quantity of Oil
necessary for supplying the wicks in the burner g, the Oil will raise the float få and
the weighted end of e, f will fall, and the elastic valve d will rise and press
against d³, the outlet, and prevent the Oil from passing until the Oil is consumed
in the burner g; by these alternate actions, a continuous flow of Oil is carried on
from b, the Oil vessel to g, the burner, while the lamp is burning and without
overflow, but when the lamp is not burning the valve d is screwed down and thus
all escape of Oil prevented. The filling of the Oil Chamber b is facilitated by the
employment of the air or vent pipe h.
Figures 1. and 2,-, is the plate fixed upon the lamp case a¹ with the bracket
or support i, through which passes the Spindle i³, the one end having the thumb
and finger plate 23 and the other end a pinion wheel m; to the lower or under part
of i, is the perpendicular tube n, which reaches down to the lower part of burner,
and n¹ is the tubular horizontal arm continuous with n. and assists f¹ in supporting
the burner, and also in secreting the rod o, which is constructed as a rack at o¹
and o with the second pinion wheel m¹ as m they are both geared respectively
into o¹ and om¹ being on one end of the spindle p, and a third pinion wheel m³
on the other end of p, which is geared to the rack piece o³, which is upon the outer
tuber in connection with the wick tube which by the movement of the part ³ the
mechanism of m. m¹ m² in connection with o¹ 02 0³, and r, r¹ the mode of increasing,
diminishing, or extinguishing the light is effected.
We do not claim the parts taken apart or separately from each other, neither do
we confine ourselves absolutely to the shape or configuration or combination of
parts as shewn on the accompanying drawings, and described is this Specification
but hold ourselves at liberty to vary them while not departing essentially from
the principle of this our Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our
said Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is
1st The construction of a double valve d, d', d in connection with d', and the
lever e with weighted end ƒ in combination with the float få for actuating the
same, for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated.
2nd The construction of the plate i with bracket ¹ spindle and the thumb and
finger plate with pinion wheels m, m', m², geared into the rack parts o³, 02, 0³,
for actuating the same for the purpose herein before described and illustrated.
3rd The general combination or arrangement of parts herein before described
and illustrated, the whole forming, "Improvements in Railway Carriage lamps
applicable in part or whole to other lamps."