IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINERY
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Payne, of Otley, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING
MACHINERY."
Scaled the 29th August 1871, and dated the 2nd March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Payne at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd March 1871.
I, DAVID PAYNE, of Otley, in the County of York, Machine Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRINTING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class of printing machinery wherein a
reciprocating table or carriage is employed to carry the printing surface,
whether it be type, stereotype, engraved plates, lithographic stones, or
other printing surface, and where conducting and impressing cylinder
or cylinders with rotary motion alternating in the two directions is or
are employed for seizing by means of grippers the sheet of paper (or
other material to be printed), and carrying or conducting the said paper
into contact with the printing surface, and for pressing the same thercon;

page_text: and also wherein endless tapes are used for conducting away the printed
paper or other inaterial.
My improvements consist, firstly, as relates to such machines (when
they are driven by what is technically known as the "mangle motion")
in the application of a "differential motion," or a means of carrying the 5
motion or speed (as shewn and described in the Specification of a Patent
granted to me, dated the Seventh day of September 1867, No. 2537,) for
driving the said machine, so as to produce a quicker movement of the
table and cylinders in the intermediate part of the stroke, and a slower
motion at the ends, thereby to accelerate the general speed of the 1
machine without any increase of its speed at the ends of the stroke.
Secondly. As relates to such machines when the table is driven by
ordinary crank motion, the improvement consists in the application of
the said "differential motion" intermediately between the first motion
and the tape driver for regulating and adjusting the surface speed of 1
the delivery tapes to the surface speed of the impression cylinders and
the reciprocatory table, so as to effect a proper conducting away of the
printed paper or other material from the machine, as required.
Thirdly. As relates to a two-feed machine of this class the improve-
ments consist in the employment of two impression cylinders (each 2
having its separate feed board), so constructed and arranged that a
sheet will be printed by each cylinder, or two sheets during the forward
stroke of the table, and none during the return stroke. To effect this
I make one cylinder larger in diameter than the other, in suitable pro-
portion, and arrange them so that while the smaller one is fed in the 2
usual manner the other is fed at the top, and so that while the sheet fed
to the small cylinder will be first in process of being printed, the sheet
fed to the larger cylinder will be brought to the printing surface at the
proper time to be printed immediately afterwards. The sheets from
each cylinder are delivered by separate tapes, which are also regulated 3
in the relative speeds by the application of the "differential motion,"
as previously explained.
Fourthly. As relates to a four-feed machine of the same class, or to bo
fed at four different places, and printed by two impression cylinders, my
improvements cousist in the application of two "feed cylinders" placed
above the impression cylinders. The four feed boards are arranged two
of them to the impression cylinders, in the usual manner as for the two
feed machines, and the other two boards are arranged sufficiently above

page_text: them, one to each of the aforesaid feed cylinders, which cylinders are
constructed with grippers, so as to seize the sheets as presented by or
from cach board alternately, and conduct the same to the impression
cylinders, which at the proper time by means of grippers seizes the
sheets in succession and conducts them to the printing surface. This
machine is so arranged that a sheet is fed to one of the said feed
cylinders, and another sheet to one of the impression cylinders at
each end of the stroke of the table which carries the printing surface.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Payne in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 2nd September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
PAYNE, of Otley, in the County of York, Machine Maker, send
grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said David Payne, Her special licence that I, the
said David Payne, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said David Payne, my exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINERY,' upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said David Payne, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Payuc, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention relates to that class of printing machinery wherein a
reciprocatory table or carriage is employed to carry the printing surface,
whether it may be type, stereotype, engraved plates, lithographic stones,
or other printing surface, and where conducting and impressing cylinder
or cylinders with rotary motion alternating in the two directions is or
are employed for scizing by incans of grippers the sheet of paper (or
other material to be printed) and carrying or conducting the said paper
into contact with the printing surface, and for pressing the same thereon,
and also wherein endless tapes are used for conducting away the printed
paper or other material,
My improvements consist, firstly, as relates to such machines when
they are driven by what is tochnically known as the "mangle motion
in the application of a "differential motion," (or a means of varying the
motion or speed as shewn and described in the Specification of a Patent
granted to me, dated the Seventh day of September 1807, Number 2537,)
for driving the said machine, so as to produce a quicker movement of
the table and cylinders in the intermediate part of the stroke, and a
slower motion at the ends, thereby to accelerate the general speed of the
machine without any increase of its speed at the ends of the stroke.
Secondly. As relates to such machines when the table is driven by
ordinary crank motion the improvements cousist in the application of
the said differential motion intermediately between the first motion and
the tape driver, for regulating and adjusting the surface speed of the
delivery tapes to the surface speed of the impression cylinders and the
reciprocatory table, so as to effect a proper conducting away of the printed
paper or other material from the machine, as required.
Thirdly. As relates to a two-feed machine of this class the improve-
ments consist in the employment of two impression cylinders (ench
having its separate feed board), so constructed and arranged that a sheet
will be printed by each cylinder, or two sheets during the forward stroke
of the table, and none during the return stroke. To effect this I make
one cylinder larger in diameter than the other in suitable proportion, and
arrange them so that while the smaller one is fed in the usual manner
the other is fed at the top, and so that while the sheet fed to the small
cylinder will be first. in process of being printed the sheet fed to the
larger cylinder will be brought to the printing surface at the proper

page_text: ime to be printed immediately afterward. The sheets from each
cylinder are delivered by separate tapes, which are also regulated in
their relative speeds by the application of the "differential motion,” as
previously explained.
Fourthly. As relates to a four-feed machine of the same class, or to be
fed at four different places and printed by two impression cylinders, my
improvements consist in the application of two "feed cylinders" placed
above the impression cylinders. The four feed boards are arranged two
of them to the impression cylinders in the usual manner as for the
two-feed machines, and the other two boards are arranged sufficiently
abovo them, as shewn, one to each of the aforesaid feed cylinders, which
cylinders are constructed with grippers, so as to seize the sheets as
presented by or from each board alternately, and conduct the same to
the impression cylinders, which at the proper time by means of grippers
seize the sheets in succession and conducts them to the printing surface.
This machine is so arranged that a sheet is fed to one of the said feed
cylinders and another slicet to one of the impression cylinders, at cach
end of the stroke of the table which carrics the printing surface.
Such being the nature and object of this my said Invention, I will
now proceed to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same
have hereunto annexed four Sheets of
may be clearly understood
Drawings, and have marked the same with figures and letters of
reference.
"
The first part of my Invention is shewn at Fig. 1, which is an elevation
of the "differential motion" as applied to what is technically known as
the "mangle motion" machine; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.
A is the ordinary driving shaft of the mangle motion machine, to
which I apply a pair of pulleys B, B'. The pulley B is loose on the
shaft, B¹ is also loose thereon, but by boss or neck C is connected with
the pinion C', the latter gearing with the wheel C which is on the
shaft C³ of the differential motion. Attached by stud C³ to an arm of
the wheel C is a link E, the other end of which is attached by stud and
bolt E¹ to au arm of the wheel F, the latter wheel being on the shaft C*
gearing with the pinion F', the latter pinion being the driver of the
machine. The axis C of the wheel F is higher than that of the wheel C'
(as shown at Fig. 1), so as to obtain through the medium of the link E
the differential motion. The details and varying speeds of this motion
are clearly shewn on Sheet 2, Fig. 3 is an enlarged view. In this view

page_text: I have shown a crank G. in lieu of the wheel F, the link E being
attached to the crank by stud or pin G', the other end of said link being
secured by pin Gs to the arm of the wheel G³; the radial lines I show
the varying positions or centre lines of the crank G in the revolution of
the wheel; the dotted lines J shew the centro lines or varying positions
taken by the link, and the lines K shew the degree of varying motion at
the several points on each rovolution, because, as will be readily under-
stood, the link will move from point L, M, in the same time as from its
starting point N to the first distance O. The differential motion above
described as applied to the mangle motion machine increases the speed 1
in the middle of the travel of the type table.
The second part of the Invention is shown at Figs. 4 and 5, which aro
elevation and plan view of the said differential motion adapted and
applied for the purpose of regulating and adjusting the surface speed of
the delivery tapes to the surface speed of the impressing cylinders and
the reciprocatory table, so as to effect a proper conducting away of the
printed paper or other material from the machine, as required.
A is the driving shaft; B, B', are fast and loose pulleys; C is the
driving pinion, keyed on the shaft A, and which pinion gears with a
wheel O', which is fixed on the eccentric boss 03 (see Fig. 3*, Sheet 2,) 2
of the differential motion; attached to an arm of the wheel C' is a
link E, the other end of which is attached by stud and bolt E' to the
crank F, the latter being keyed on the shaft F", on which is the wheel G
gearing with. the pinion G³, attached or secured by boss to the driving
pulley II, the latter pulley and pinion working loose on the shaft 2
determining and regulating the speed of the tape.
Thirdly. As relates to a two feed machine in which two impression
cylinders are employed, as shewn at Fig. 6, A and A' are the cylinders,
cach having its feed board B, B', arranged as shewn, so that a sheet will
be printed by each cylinder, or two sheets during the forward stroke of 3
the table, and none during the return stroke. To effect this I make one
cylinder larger in diameter than the other in suitable proportions (as
shown in the Drawing), so that when the sheet supplied to tho first
impression cylinder A is printed the sheet on the second or larger
cylinder A meets the advancing type, the object of varying the 3
diameter of the cylinders is to reduce the travel of the table B to
a minimum, and admits of the printing of various sized sheets. The
sheets from cach cylinder aro delivered by separate tapes C, which, as

page_text: fully described in connection with Figs. 4 and 5, are regulated by tho
differential motion.
The action or operation of these cylinders will be clearly understood
by the following explanation:-A sheet being fed on the board B will
be seized by the grippers C, a second sheet féd at the same time on the
board B' will be seized by the grippers C¹. The sheet first mentioned
will by the grippers C be conveyed to and meet the head of the type at
the point D, where it will receive the impression, and be carried off by
the tapes E. The type advancing in the direction of the cylinder A¹
on arriving at the point F will mcct the second sheet fed from the
board B¹, the larger diameter of the cylinder A' on which such sheet is
conveyed having, by reason of such larger diameter and consequent
further travel, delayed and timed its arrival at the point F, so as to
meet the type at the proper time and receive the impression, and the
printed sheet is then carried off by the tapes G, in the manner as
described in reference to the first sheet.
Fourthly. As relates to a four-feed machine of the same class, or to
be fed at four different places, and printed by two impression cylinders,
as shown at Fig. 7, Sheet 4, my improvements consist in the application
of two oscillatory feed cylinders A and A', placed above the impression
cylinders B and B¹. The four feed boards C, C, C¹, C', are arranged, two
of them to the impression cylinders B, B¹, in the usual manner as for
the two-feed machines, and the other two boards C¹, C', are arranged
sufficiently above them, as shewn, one to cach of the aforesaid feed
cylinders, which cylinders are constructed with grippers D, so as to seizo
the sheets as presented by or from each board C', C', alternately, and
conduct the same to the impression cylinders, which at the proper time
by means of grippers D', D', seizes the sheets in succession and conducts
them to the printing surface E. This machine is so arranged that a
sheet is fed to one of the impression cylinders at each end of the stroke
of the table which carries the printing surface.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my
Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim as of my Invention is,-
-
-
Firstly. The application to the "mangle motion machine" of the
differential motion referred to, so as to increase the speed of such

page_text: machine. in the intermediate part of the stroke, as described and
illustrated.
Secondly. The application of the "differential motion" for regulating
the speed of the tapes to the speed of the printing surface in connection
with the two or four feed machine, as fully described and illustrated.
Thirdly. The construction and arrangement of two impression cylinders,
as and for the purpose herein fully described.
Fourthly. The application and use of the oscillatory feed cylinders, for
the purpose herein described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Payne, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Thirty-first day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
W. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.
DAVID PAYNE. (L.S.)