Heat from Mineral or other Oil,
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 16th June, 1887
Complete Left, 25th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1888
Improved m
Степогани ани
ади аррагали гог
Heat from Mineral or other Oil,
I, HENRY HARRISON DOTY of 446 Strand, W.C. in the County of Middlesex, Light
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
My invention relates to the combustion of mineral oils and other hydro-carbons for
lighting and heating purposes, and comprises a novel method and novel apparatus for
carrying the same into effect. My improved method consists essentially in causing
the flame which is generated for lighting or heating purposes, to have the effect of
vapourizing the oil in such manner that the operation is continuous without the aid of
any separate or extraneous apparatus or device.
For carrying my invention into practice I provide a copper or other metal
pipe or tube from one fourth of an inch to one inch in diameter, more or less which I
wind closely into a coil of a cylindrical conical or other form or shape from three to
nine inches in length more or less, and from two to six inches in diameter more
or less.
In employing this coil for lighting purposes, I place it in a vertical position and
attach a gauged stop-cock to the lower end of the pipe or coil. I connect this cock
and coil by means of a union or coupling, to a feed pipe leading to a reservoir, which
latter is also provided with a gauged stop-cock and is connected with the feed pipe by
means of a coupling or union and through which cocks and feed pipe, any desirable
quantity of oil may be supplied to the coil or burner.
To the other or upper end of the coil I attach an elbow which is screwed tightly on
to the end of the pipe or tube and which is turned downwards I screw into this elbow
a pipe or tube of sufficient length to enter another elbow which is screwed tightly on
or to be bent at a right-angle and turned inwards close under the lower end of the
coil, and of sufficient length to enter another elbow which is screwed tightly on and
turned upwards in the centre of the coil;-l screw into the upright end of this elbow
a nib or burner of any desirable size or form but I prefer a nib with a single aperture
or hole drilled through the end in a line with its axis, and of an external (everted)
conical shape to spread the current of gas passing up through the coil, in such a
manner, that on the gas being ignited, the flaine fills the interior of the cylinder and
D

page_text: impinges with great force upon its inner surface and heats the upper end of the coil
to a cherry red heat ;-And as the oil ascends through the coil in a circuitous manner
it is converted into a permanent gas, on its passage to the upper elbow, when it is
carried down and then upwards through the nib and burner or coil; I construct a
base, on which to place this coil in a secure upright position, leaving sufficient space
between the lower end of the coil and the upper surface of the base, for the passage
of air all arround the coil for the partial combustion of the gas in its passage from
the nib or burner up through the cylinder-In the upper surface of this base, I
make a small saucer receiver directly beneath the coil in which to pour about one
ounce of oil with which to start the heating of the coil which will throw off a vapour :
this vapour becoming ignited by the flame in the base, rapidly intensifies the heat in
the coil and converts the oil into a permanent gas which will continue to burn so long
as the oil is supplied to the burner from the reservoir.
I construct a cowl or cover for covering the coil to retain as much heat within it
and around the coil as possible, leaving an opening in the upper part of it for the
passage of the flame up through the coil.
This cowl or cover rests on the base and is pierced with a sufficient number of
holes at or near the base for the passage of air from without into the burner within
the coil.
In adapting this burner for heating purposes, I add to the oil in its passage from
the reservoir one part of water to three or four parts of oil more or less, which enter
the coil together, and being vapourised and superheated and combined, they generate
a great heat; I prefer however to construct for this purpose a similar coil made from
two tubes wound up side by side, in such a manner that this coil appears similar to
the one already described, with the exception of having two inlets and outlets both of
which are constructed as hereinbefore described with the exception that one leads to
a reservoir of water, the other to a reservoir of oil.
The outlets discharge the gas and superheated steam in close proximity through a
short conical cylinder, where they mingle and pass up through the coil in a highly
heated condition and produce the most intense heat.
In employing my burner for generating steam or in furnaces, I place it in a
horizontal position secured in a trough in which I pour a small quantity of oil and
ignite in the manner as hereinbefore described, when within two or three minutes the
oil and water may be turned into the coil and burn with great fierceness and create
an induced current of air through the coil for the partial combustion of the gases, the
remainder being consumed in the furnace.
In order to meet the pressure of the expanding gases in the coil and pipes I place
the reservoir at any desirable height above the burner, so that the gravity of the oil
in the supply tube will maintain a constant pressure against the expanding gas-or
I place the reservoir only a few inches above the burner and then connect the upper
part of this reservoir (above the level of the oil) with the upper end of the coil or
burner by means of a T piece or joint and elbow and pipe or tube in such a manner
that when there is a pressure in the coil from the expanding gases, this pressure will
be extended over the surface of the oil, as well as to the feed or supply pipe, and the
supply will be more even and the flame more regular. It is to be understood that in
this latter case the reservoir must be tight and strong enough to resist the pressure.
London 15th June 1887

page_text: Heat from Mineral or other Oil.
I, HENRY HARRISON DOTY of 446 Strand W.C. in the County of Middlesex, Light
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to the utilization of mineral and other oils for lighting, heating
and other purposes.
One object of my said invention is to provide for converting the oil into gas or
vapour and for utilizing the heat generated by the combustion of the said gas or
vapour for heating the pipe in which such conversion is effected, so that the
operation will be continuous without the aid of any separate or extraneous heating
apparatus.
Another object of my said invention is to provide for the utilization of a mixture
of the said gas or vapour with steam or water gas for heating purposes.
My said invention comprises the employment of a coiled pipe connected with a
tank or reservoir from which oil will be supplied thereto, and provided with a nozzle
or burner so arranged that the gas or vapour issuing therefrom will be directed
through the space or passage surrounded by the coil, and, on being ignited will heat
the said coil.
My said invention, moreover, comprises other improvements hereinafter described.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown how my said invention may be con-
veniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in vertical central section of one form of my
apparatus.
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are respectively a plan, a section on the line a, a, Figure 2, and
a section on the line y, y Figure 2, showing a modification of my said invention.
Figure 5 is a side elevation showing another modification of my said invention.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
Referring to Figure 1, A is a suitable stand or support for the coil a. B is a tank
or reservoir connected with the said coil as hereinafter described.
The coil a is formed of copper or other metal pipe or tube and may be either
cylindrical, conical or of other suitable shape. The said pipe or tube is preferably
from one-fourth of an inch to one inch in diameter, and the coil from three to nine
inches in length and from two to six inches in diameter; the said pipe and coil may,
however, be of any other convenient dimensions. This coil is placed in a vertical
position upon the stand A, sufficient space being left between the lower end of the
said coil and the said stand for the passage of air to the burner.
The lower extremity of the coil a is connected by means of the feed pipe b to the
ank or reservoir B which is placed at a higher level than the said coil a, the said
pipe is provided with valve cocks or stop cocks c, cl, and also with another cock d
or supplying oil to the saucer or receptacle e situated directly beneath the coil a.
The other or upper end of the coil a is connected by means of the pipes or tubes f

page_text: and the bends or elbows for in any other suitable manner with a nipple, nozzle or
burner g having preferably a single aperture or hole drilled or otherwise formed
through the end thereof in a line with its axis and of an external inverted conical
shape so as to spread the current of gas formed in the coil and passing up through
the said nozzle or burner g.
The operation of my apparatus is as follows, that is to say, I run by means of the
cock d or otherwise about an ounce of oil into the saucer or receptacle e (in the bottom
of which I sometimes provide a layer of asbestos or other material), the stop-cocks c, c¹
being also opened for that purpose. The cocks c, c² are then closed, and the oil in the
said saucer being ignited serves to start the heating of the coil a and thus cause the
oil contained in the said coil to throw off a vapour or gas which becoming ignited by
the flame at the base rapidly intensifies the heat in the coil. The stop-cocks c, c¹ being
again opened admit oil from the tank B through the feed pipe and this oil ascending
through the coil a circuitously is converted into gas and is thus delivered through the
nozzle or burner g in such a manner that, on the said gas being ignited the flame fills
the interior of the cylindrical, conical or other shaped passage formed by the said
coil a, that is to say, the space surrounded by the said coil, and impinging with great
force upon its inner surfaces, heats the upper end to a cherry red heat. The space
left between the lower end of the coil a and the upper surface of the stand A is, as
above stated sufficient for the passage of enough air all around the said coil a to admit
of the partial combustion of the gas in its passage from the nozzle or burner 7 up
through the interior of the said coil a. The above described combustion will continue
so long as the oil is supplied to the coil a from the tank or reservoir B.
I sometimes provide a cowl or casing for covering the coil a, so as to retain as much
heat within and around it as possible. An opening is provided in the upper part of
this cowl or casing for the passage of the flame passing up through the coil a. This
cowl or casing rests on the stand A and is pierced with a sufficient number of holes
or apertures at or near the base, for the passage of air from without to the nozzle or
burner within the coil a.
To ensure the requisite flow of oil from the tank or reservoir notwithstanding the
pressure of the expanding gases in the coil a and pipes b, I place the said tank or
reservoir at any desirable height above the said coil a, so that the gravity of the oil
in the supply pipe 6 will maintain a constant pressure against the expanding gas.
In some instances I place the tank or reservoir for the oil only a few inches above
the coil a and connect the upper part of this tank or reservoir above the level of the
oil with the upper part of the said coil a by means of an elbow or bend, and pipes, or
in any suitable manner, so that, when a pressure occurs in the coil a from the expanding
gases it will be communicated to the said tank or reservoir and extended over the
surface of the oil, thus rendering the supply more even and the flame more regular.
In this arrangement it is obvious that the reservoir must be tight and strong enough
to resist the said pressure.
h
Figures 2, 3 and 4 show a modification of my said invention, wherein the coil a is
placed directly over the tank or reservoir B which is made air tight and sufficiently
strong to withstand a considerable pressure. To provide for forcing the oil contained
in the said tank up the pipe to the coil a, I employ an air pump having a suitable
handle for operating the same. A sufficient air pressure (say forty to fifty pounds
per square inch) can be thus produced in the tank or reservoir B to force up all the
oil contained in the latter without the necessity for pumping in any more air. The
tank or reservoir B is moreover provided with an aperture closed by a screw plug k
which can be removed to permit the introduction of oil into the reservoir. A pressure
gauge is provided for indicating the pressure in the said reservoir.
The coil a having been previously heated by a small quantity of oil admitted to the
saucer or receptacle e through the stop cock d as hereinbefore described, the stop-
cock c is opened so that the oil rises from the tank or reservoir B through the pipe b
to the coil a, being forced up by the pressure in the said tank or reservoir.
In Figure 5 I have illustrated another modification of my said invention intended
for the production of heat for generating steam, or for use in blast-furnaces, or for

page_text: a,
other purposes. In this modification I employ a coil consisting of two tubes a¹
wound side by side in such a manner as to appear similar to the coil above described,
with the exception however of having two inlets b, b₁ provided with stop-cocks c
and two outlets f, f2 provided with suitable nozzles or burners g as heroinbefore
described. The inlet 6 leads to a tank or reservoir for oil, the inlet b¹ to a tank or
reservoir for water, the outlet discharges the oil gas, and the outlet f the superheated
steam in close proximity to the gas into the cylindrical or conical passage formed
inside the coil a where they mingle and pass through the said coil in a highly heated
condition.
The coil a is preferably placed in a horizontal position and secured in a trough or
receptacle e in which I pour a small quantity of oil and ignite the same in the manner
hereinbefore described. Within from three to five minutes or thereabouts after such
ignition the oil and water may be turned into the tubes of the coil a when a fierce
combustion will take place creating an induced current of air through the said coil a
which serves for the partial combustion of the gases, the remainder of the said gases
being consumed in the blast-furnace when the apparatus is used in combination
with such furnace.
I sometimes add to the oil, during its passage from the tank or reservoir, one
part of water to three or four parts of oil, or I use other suitable proportions of
oil and water which enter the coil together and become vapourized, superheated
and combined.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood that
I claim :-
First An apparatus for the utilization of mineral and other oils for heating or
lighting purposes, wherein the oil passes through a coiled pipe in which it is converted
into gas or vapour and which is heated by the combustion or partial combustion of
the said gas or vapour within the space or passage surrounded by the coil, for the
purpose above specified.
Second-In an apparatus for the combustion of mineral or other oils, a coiled pipe
which is connected with a tank or reservoir for the supply of oil thereto, and which is
provided with a nozzle or burner so arranged that the gas or vapour formed in the
said pipe will be directed through the space or passage surrounded by the coil,
substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Third The employment of a coil composed of two or more pipes and having the
passage through the same open at both ends, means for forcing oil into one or
inore of the said pipes and water into the other pipe or pipes, and nozzles or
burners for directing the gas or vapour and the steam formed in the said pipes
into the said passage, substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Fourth The provision of means for supplying the saucer or receptacle beneath
the coil or coils with oil from the feed-pipe, substantially as, and for the purpose,
above specified.
Fifth The improved apparatus consisting of the parts constructed and combined
substantially as described with reference to Figure 1, or to Figures 2, 3 and 4,
or to Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings and operating as, and for the
purpose, specified
Dated this with day of January 1000.
HENRY HARRISON DOTY.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.