Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1894
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
I WILLIAM ROBERT FOSTER of 87 Grange Road, Bermondsey, in the County
of Surrey, India-rubber Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres and has for its object, whilst affording
ready access to the air tube or chamber in case of need, to so enclose it as to
prevent ingress of moisture between the air tube and the outer cover or jacket in
which it is encased.
This I accomplish by making the cover or jacket of a cross sectional circum-
ference so much greater than that of the tyre when inflated, that the two edges of
the sheath will overlap one another, the position of the overlapping edges relatively
to one another and to the rim of the wheel and the mode in which a tight joint
is ensured being as follows.
The one edge of the cover or jacket is permanently and the other edge is
detachably connected to the wheel rim, the overlapping edges lying within the
hollow of the rim towards one side thereof, viz., the side at which access is to be
afforded to the air chamber.
The oue marginal portion of the cover or jacket therefore lies in and forms a
complete lining for the hollow of the wheel rim to which it is permanently secured
preferably by a wire encircling the wheel rim so as to bind the cover or jacket
thereto, said wire lying centrally in the bottom of the hollow and preferably
pressing the cover or jacket into a groove formed in the wheel rim to receive it,
the slipping of the jacket from under the wire being if necessary further prevented
by forming a bead on the inner surface of the jacket preferably by cementing a
cord thereto with a covering strip of canvas. The ends of the wire may be either
united by a right and left screw coupling or be passed through holes in the rim
and tightened up and secured in any other way. Or instead of securing the cover
or jacket by a wire it may be secured by cementing or by rivets or otherwise, the
object in any case being to permanently secure it so as to prevent the cover
"creeping" in use and becoming wholly detached when the air chamber is deflated
and removed. The edge of this portion of the sheath is left free so that the other
or detachable edge can be inserted between it and the rim, a watertight joint being
ensured by the one edge being rubber faced and the other wired as next described.
In order that the detachable edge of the cover or jacket shall be securely
retained in that position, the detachable edge is wired with an endless wire enclosed
in a canvas sheath cemented to the cover or jacket, the wire being of a length
rather less than that of the circumference of the edge of the rim so that when
sprung over the latter it will be retained in position thereon. The preferred mode
of making the sheath is to mould it in endless form on an annular core and then
to slit it in the direction of its length on a line not in the central plane of the
annular core but sufficiently towards the side thereof to bring the joint made by
the overlapping edges nearly to the edge of the rim when the cover is in position
thereon.
The invention is not, however, limited to a cover or jacket made endless as above

page_text: mentioned, but is equally applicable to one made from a flat strip whose ends are
joined in the usual way.
Dated this 29th day of March 1893.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT FOSTER of 87, Grange Road, Bermondsey, in the County
of Surrey, India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this 1
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres and has for its object, whilst affording
ready access to the air tube or chamber in case of need, to so enclose it as to
prevent ingress of moisture between the air tube and the outer cover or jacket in
which it is encased.
This accomplish by making the cover or jacket of a cross-sectional circum-
ference so much greater than that of the tyre when inflated that the two edges of
the sheath will overlap one another, their position relatively to each other and to
the rim of the wheel and the mode in which a tight joint is ensured being hereafter
described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, wherein I have represented a cross-section of the tyre inflated and
the sheath in position thereon.
A is the ordinary inflated air tube B the enclosing sheath or jacket therefor,
and C the wheel rim. The cover or jacket B is permanently connected to the
wheel rim but has one edge detachably secured thereto, the two edges of the cover
overlapping and lying within the hollow of the rim towards one side thereof, viz. :
the side at which access is to be afforded to the air chamber.
The one marginal portion of the cover or jacket lies in and forms a complete
lining for the hollow of the wheel rim C to which it is permanently secured
preferably by a wire d encircling it and the wheel rim so as to bind the cover or
jacket thereto, said binding wire lying centrally in the bottom of the hollow of the
rim and preferably pressing the cover or jacket into a groove formed in the wheel
rim to receive it, the slipping of the jacket from under the binding wire d being if
necessary further prevented by forming a bead e on the inner surface of the
jacket B preferably by cementing a cord thereto with a covering strip of canvas.
The ends of the wire d may be either united by a right and left screw-coupling or
be passed through holes in the rim C tightened up and secured in any other way.
Or instead of permanently securing the cover or jacket by a binding wire it may be
secured by cementing or rivetting, the object in any case being to permanently
secure it so as to prevent the cover "creeping" in use and becoming wholly
detached when the air chamber is deflated and removed. The portion 6 of the
sheath extends to the edge of the rim and is in any case left free for about half the
width of the rim to admit of the other or detachable edge 6' being inserted
between it and the rim, as shewn, a water tight joint being ensured by the edge b
being rubber-faced and the other edge b' wired as next described.
In order that the detachable edge 1 of the cover or jacket shall be securely
retained in position on the rim it is wired with an endless wire 6' enclosed in a
canvas sheath cemented to the edge b' of the cover or jacket, the wire being of a
length rather less than that of the maximum circumference of the rim C so that
when the wired edge of the cover is sprung over the edge of the wheel rim, it will
fit close against the hollow of the rim towards one side thereof and be securely

page_text: retained in position thereon by the inflation of the tyre, as usual with such.wired
edge sheaths.
The preferred mode of making the sheath B is to mould it in endless form on an
annular core of larger size in cross-section than the inflated tyre and then to slit the
sheath in the direction of its length on'a line not in the central plane of the annular
core but sufficiently towards the side thereof to bring the joint made by the over-
lapping edges bb¹ of the sheath nearly to the edge of the rim C when the cover is
in position thereon, as shewn.
The invention is not, however, limited to a cover or jacket made endless as above
mentioned but is equally applicable to oue made from a flat strip whose ends are
joined in the usual way.
In order to insert or remove the deflated air tube A. it is only necessary to spring
the wired edge of the sheath over the edge of the rim, as shewn in dotted lines, to
enable access to be had beneath it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would observe that
I lay no claim to the mode of securing the detachable wired edge of the sheath
to the rim by springing it over the edge thereof, but I declare that what I
claim is :
•
In a pneumatic tyre, the herein described cover or sheath having one marginal
portion lying in and permanently secured to the wheel rim by a binding wire and
bead formed on the inner surface of the sheath or by cementing or rivetting the
sheath to the rim, as described, the sheath having the other or wired edge
detachably connected to the rim by being sprung over the same and lying
between the wheel rim and the free edge of the permanently connected part of
the sheath so that the overlapping edges will form a water-tight joint, as
specified.
Dated this 20th day of December 1893.
Dated this 20th
4th day.
December 1893.
W. R. FOSTER,
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.