matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Improvements in Cigarette Cases and Cigar Cases.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 3rd June, 1890-Accepted, 19th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cigarette Cases and Cigar Cases.
JOSEPH NEEDHAM 6 Hammersmith Terrace London W. Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The case is made with a lid on one side hinged at the bottom corner, the lid has a
slight projection on each side near the top so that on opening said lid by these pro-
jections, one cigar, or cigarette is thereby exposed which is at the same time withdrawn,
the lid is then closed by a spring.
2
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cigarette Cases and Cigar Cases.
1 JOSEPH NEEDHAM of 6 Hammersmith Terrace London W. Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention has for its object Improvements in Cigarette and Cigar-cases by
which a cigarette or cigar may easily withdrawn.
In the accompanying sectional drawings
Fig. 1 represents the case in the closed position.
Fig. 2 represents the case as in the act of withdrawing a cigarette or cigar.
Fig. 3 represents the case opened wide ready for filling.
Fig. 4 is the lid showing projections at each side by which the case opened.
In Fig. 1 the case a has a lid hinged at the bottom corner which is kept closed by
a spring e so that when opening as in Fig. 2 the lid 6 comes to a slight stop which is
caused by a short sudden bevel on spring c bearing on the bottom of case a allowing
one cigarette or cigar to be withdrawn and when the lid is forced open by a little
extra pressure the spring slips off the bottom of case a. allowing the lid to open wide
as in Fig. 4 ready for filling.
Having now fully particularly described the nature of my Invention & in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
Cigarette cases which have a lid with projections d. as in Fig. 4 by which the lid is
opened & at the same time withdrawing a cigarette or cigar.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1890.
JOSEPH NEEDHAM.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1859-Accepted 7th Sept., 1839
Figs. 7 and 8 show the button fixed to the stuff.
To the foot of the cast iron (or of any other suitable metal) stands of the machine
is fixed elastically the cap a by means of a spiral spring and screw (fig. 1). This
cap is vertically moveable and into the same are placed the small plate c and wire
loop b. The piece which holds the button, consists of two pieces of metal hinged
together; its upper part d extends through the cast stand s, by which it is guided
and is under the influence of the spring, which has the tendency to hold the same
always in its highest position. The upper end of d is fixed to the lever h, pivoted
to piece which in its turn is pivoted to the stand of the machine. The upper part
of rod d is fourcornered and guided in the stand.
The two pieces hinged together and forming the piece are held apart by the
small flat spring (fig. 5) but when the button is in place, they are pressed together
and held so by means of the spring catch i.
The rod d is formed of two rods, screwed together at d¹, so that it can be easily
taken out of the stand of the machine, if it should be required to regulate the
spring f.
When now the button is placed in the piece k loop downwards and the two halves
of the same are pressed together, the wire loop band holding plate e placed in the
cap a, the stuff is then placed between pieces and a and the handle of lever /
pressed down. The ends of wire loop 6 will then be pressed through the stuff and
will come against the sides of the spherically rounded-out cavity in the under part
of in the middle of which the loop of the button is hanging. By means of this
cavity the ends are guided through the loop of the button (fig. 6) and pressed round
(as shown in figs. 7 and 8). The button is then securely fastened to the stuff by
means of the plate c and wire loop b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
In machines for affixing buttons to stuffs by means of wire.
The combination of the stands, rod d in two parts joined at d' guided in stand s
and under influence of spring f, lever arrangement and h¹, said rod d having button
holder k consisting of two parts hinged together, having a flat spring tending to
press them apart and a spring catch for holding them together, and a cavity in

page_text: form of a hemisphere on the under side, with cap a for holding wire loop and
fastening plate c, said cap moveably fixed to-stand's by means of a screw moveable
in a slit in its side and being under influence of a spiral spring having tendency to
press it upwards, the combination being in the manner and for the purpose, sub-
stantially as described.
Dated this 2ndliday of August 1889.
EWAED. NOELLE.
By Rayner & Cassell,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANES
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1889
Specification Accepted, 13th Apr., 1889
I, GOTTLOB WILHELM MEISTER, Manufacturer of Apolda in the Grand Duchy of
Saxony Weimar Eisenach and German Empire do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANES" and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has for its object improvements in planes for use in cabinet making
and the like and relates to the manner in which the plane iron is attached to the
stock.
This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a plane embodying the same.
Fig. 2 a longitudinal section and
Fig. 3 a transverse section thereof on line A A Fig. 2.
In constructing planes as heretofore customary, that is to say with the iron fixed by
a wedge, it has been necessary to make an aperture in the stock passing entirely
through the same. This weakens the stock considerably and frequently leads to its
being broken. Moreover the iron so fastened is apt to slip.
To obviate these difficulties the plane iron is fixed upon a plate (of iron or the like)
by screws allowing the same to be readily fixed detached or adjusted.
b
In the drawings a is the plane iron bis the bed plate therefor, the latter embraces
the stock and is fixed by screws e as shown. At e the mouth of the plane is so formed
as to receive and conduct away the shavings made the iron is the break-iron. The
break iron fand the plane iron cutter or bit a are secured on the bed plate 6 by
screws g the heads whereof are provided with nicks or holes. The plane iron is slotted
at its butt end so as to allow its ready adjustment. To adjust the plane iron the
screws are loosened the iron a shifted to the required position and the screws
tightened by a suitable hook or other tool. The plane iron can readily be inserted by
simply loosening the screws g and pushing the iron up between the break-iron and
bed plate so that the slots einbrace the screws g.

page_text: A plane constructed in this manner is very strong admits of rapid and ready
adjustment of the plane iron & presents the advantage that the fastening of the plane-
iron does not work loose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
A plane in which the iron does not entirely pass through the stock but is adjustably
secured by screws on a bed plate in the stock substantially as set forth and shown in
the drawings.
BERNHARD DUKES,
226, High Holborn, London, W.,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Sanitary and Antiseptic Preparations Compounds.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Apr., 1889-Accepted, 20th July, 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sanitary and Antiseptic Preparations
Compounds.
or
I, ROBERT HANNAN, of 42, Bath Street, Glasgow, Merchant, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
:-
The object of the following Invention is the preparation of an Improved Sanitary
Preparation or Compound. In order to effect this object I proceed as follows:-First
I take ordinary borax and add thereto baracic or boric acid, both being in a crushed
or powdered condition; 1 then heat the mixture, with constant stirring in an open
pan, at the temperature of boiling water, and evaporate it to more or less perfect
dryness as may be desired. This method effects a chemical combination between the
boric acid and the borax and it admits of various obvious modifications. Any con-
venient proportion of boric acid may be employed, but I prefer such a proportion as
will result in the production of a quadriborate of soda. The antiseptic properties of
the borax are by this plan very largely enhanced.
Secondly, I take a salicylate, soluble in water, such as hydric or sodic salicylate
(but I prefer the latter sal) and by means of an ordinary mixing mill or other well
known means incorporate with the boric preparation a small quantity thereof; one
fortieth part of the quadriborate, for example, will usually suffice.
Thirdly, to the mixture prepared as aforesaid, I sometimes add an aromatic in-
gredient according to the purpose for which the powder may be intended. Thus, for
instance, camphor or oil of lavender or oil of cedar may be added. I do not, however,
regard this addition as essential.
My new compound or powder possesses very valuable antiseptic properties and is at
the same time non-poisonous to human beings. Thus, for example, it may be mixed
with starch pastes to prevent their becoming mouldy, or with milk to enable it to keep
well in hot weather, or meat or fish or eggs may be dipped in a solution of it and so
preserved indefinitely without previous cooking. A solution of it may be used as an
antiseptic dressing for wounds, or as a gargle for the mouth or throat. Paper or
other tissue may be impregnated with it for wrapping purposes, so as to preserve the
contents from infection & infectious matter is rendered inert by admixture
therewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
The admixture of boric acid and borax with a salicylate soluble in water, sub-
stantially as heretofore described.
T
1
An Improved Composition of Matter for Promoting the Growth of the Hair.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Composition of Matter for Promoting the Growth of
the Hair.
1, CLEMENS GROOS corner of Hecker and Fillmore Streets Riverside in the County
of Burlington, and State of New Jersey, United States of America, Tailor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention relates to a composition of matter for the purpose of promoting the
growth of the hair.
The composition consists of the following ingredients combined in the proportions
stated viz. for filling a three-ounce bottle with the mixture, I use one teaspoonful of
the pollen of the pine blossom, one quarter of alcohol, and three quarters of water.
The ingredients are thoroughly mixed by agitation.
In using the above named composition, the skin is rubbed several times a day with
about thirty or forty drops of the mixture and the rubbed part is kept covered for a
short time so as to prevent the rapid evaporation of the applied mixture.
By the use of the above composition, the hair is prevented from falling out and
a new growth of hair is readily obtained, as the composition of matter thoroughly
cleans the skin in such a manner as to permit the hair roots remaining in the skin to
grow again.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is;
The herein-described composition of matter to be used for making hair grow on the
human skin and consisting of water, alcohol, and the pollen of pine-blossom, combined
in the proportions specified.
2000
Dated this 22nd day of October 1889.
.
C. GROOS.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
Increasing the Propelling Power of the Hands in Swimming by the use of "Swimming Gloves."
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1889-Accepted, 8th Feb., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Increasing the Propelling Power of the Hands in Swimming by the
use of "Swimming Gloves."
I, BENJAMIN ANDERSON DOUGHERTY, of H.M's. Indian Marine, commanding
H.M. I.M.S." Comet," at Baghdad in Turkish Arabia, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The swimming glove consists of an ordinary glove made of silk or any other material
consistent with strength and pliability in which the fingers, opened from the thumb,
are webbed together like a duck's foot.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
1. To be the sole inventor of the 'Swimming Gloves.'
2. The novelty in the invention is its cheap and simple construction.
3. The enormous propelling power obtained without, in any way disabling or
crippling the power of grip, on either hand, in the water or out of the water.
4. A pair of such gloves takes no more space than any other ordinary silk gloves,
while for military operations in fording or swimming rivers they would be found of
considerable value.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1880
Improvements in Meters for Liquid.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by HEINRICH MEINECKE, junior, of Gabitzstr, 90A,
Breslau, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Meters for Liquid.
CHRISTEN REES BONNE 41 East Cheap London, E.. Registered Patent Agent
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention consists in fixing one or more bored-through balls K in the wall of
the box E of any description of liquid meter whether provided with turbine, wing or
other action-wheels.
When the liquid has entered through the inlet it passes to the openings O with the
bored-through balls K and by placing such balls in a suitable position the steam of
water may be caused to strike the action-wheels R either at their outer edges or more
towards the middle and either at their upper or lower part.
By these means it becomes possible to cause the action-wheel either to move slower
or quicker, so that, in order to regulate the speed of the action wheels, nothing further
is needed than to direct the stream of liquid in the proper manner against the wheels.
and the difficult operation of regulating by either enlarging or diminishing the
opening O itself is done away with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
In liquid meters, the arrangement of an easily adjustable regulator contrivance
consisting essentially of one or more bored-through balls K, which are fixed moveably
in the walls of wheel casing E, in the manner as and for the purpose described and as
shewn in the drawings.
London, the 28th day of November 1889
Year: 1889

page_text: same to the surface of the glass or other material by means of a brush or spatula.
The glass may be either with or without a traced line. It is then placed in a
kiln and fired until the enamels are melted and left on the glass in relief.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of making translucent enamel substantially as described in the
foregoing specification.
2. In the manufacture of translucent enamel the use of Fluor Spar, Carbonate
of Potass, and Borax approximately in the proportions herein before specified.
3. The application of translucent enamel in relief as made by my improved method
to the decoration of glass metal or any ceramic ware.
Dated this 95th day of Inno 1880
W. H. MUNNS,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improved Driving Rollers for the Driving Cords or Straps for the Spindles of Self Acting Mules and other Spinning and Twisting Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Driving Rollers for the Driving Cords or Straps for the
Spindles of Self Acting Mules and other Spinning and Twisting
Machines.
I, JOHN WILLIAM OLDROYD, of the Town of Grünberg, Silesia, Germany, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to improved driving rollers or drums for the driving cords
or straps for the spindles of self acting mules and other spinning machines, the
nature of my said improvement being similar to those adapted for use in actuating
the condenser bobbins of carders and such like machines, and for which 1 applied for
British Letters Patent No. 11326 on the 15th of July 1889.
The main feature of my present invention consists in the use of ring shaped or
spiral corrugated metal rollers or drums in place of the plain or smoothed surfaced
ones now generally employed for actuating the driving cords or straps for the spindles
of machinery used in the spinning and twisting of woollen worsted, cotton, silk,
jute, tow and flax or any other materials spun on this class of machinery.
.
In consequence of the said rollers or drums being corrugated, they can be made
of a much lighter or thinner metal and therefore effect a considerable saving in the
manufacture thereof; also they are not liable to break or bulge and they are much
stronger and more durable than the present round ones.
The construction of the abovementioned corrugated rollers or drums is substantially
identical with the corrugated surface drums described in my application No. 11326,
dated the 15th July 1889, so that further illustrative drawings may be dispensed
with.
I desire it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the use of any special
kind of metal for the drums nor to any particular shape or form of corrugations, as
it will be evident that these may be varied in many ways without departing from
the nature of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
-
An improved roller or drum for driving or actuating the cords or straps for the
spindles of machinery used in spinning and twisting of woollen worsted, cotton, silk,
jute, tow and flax or any materials spun on this class of machinery, the said driving
roller or drum being provided, on its outer surface, with ring-shaped, spiral or
diagonal or any other appropriate corrugations, substantially as and for the purpose
herein specified.
Dated this 16th day of August 1889.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.
An Improvement in Projecting Signs for Advertising.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 25th Jan., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Projecting Signs for Advertising.
ALFRED JAMES VOWLES Show Card Writer 9 Market Place Boston Linc. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Whereas there are many places, as shop fronts, business houses & such like where
space is limited, yet an attractive & extended form of advertising is needed.
According to my invention I construct an advertising sign made at the top with a
number of pieces of zinc or other substance at an angle from the center so as to catch
the wind causing the sign to revolve on a ball pivot the same working in a bracket
projecting from the wall. It can be made from two or any number of sides & from
glass, wood or other substance.
This revolving sign may be fixed in a bracket projecting from the wall or used in a
similar manner on a Tram Car, Omnibus, or other support.
The Drawing accompanying is an advertising sign constructed according to my
invention with six sides (can be any uumber) showing the top with the zinc so
formed to revolve the same-ff.
a. a, is the space for the advertisement to be painted on.
b, b, is the centre rod held at the top by the bracket, c, at the bottom of this rod is
fixed the ball, d, on which the whole revolves.
e. e. is the bracket projecting from the wall & forming the support for the sign.
In the Drawing the sides a, a, are supposed to be made of wood but they may
be made of other suitable material, or glass which would admit of an illumination
from the inside. All the other parts of the Sign being made of metal.
This revolving sign may be made to fix from the wall or could be made to
project from the sides of a Tram Car or Omnibus, or such like support.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is
A Projected Revolving Sign, consisting of two or more sides, supported from a
bracket & as described for the purpose stated.
Dated this 29th day of August 1889
ALFRED JAMES VOWLES,
9, Market Place, Boston.
Improvements in Knitting Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 16th Nov.. 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Knitting Machines.
I, FEARGUS MELLOR, of the Firm of Moses Mellor & Sons Limited of Lee Works,
Nottingham, Hosiery Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
This invention has for its object improvements in knitting machines.
My improvements are illustrated by the drawings annexed.
Figure 1 is an elevation and
Figures 2 and 3 are transverse sections. The parts are in different positions in the
two figures.
The brass tricks in which the sinkers work are lined with steel as indicated at a, a ;
this is done to lessen wear. The strip which keeps the jacks from falling out of
the jack combs is movable in place of being fixed as heretofore and it is controlled
by projections c c fastened on the catch bar.
By making the bar movable the taking of the sinker out of the way for narrowing
is facilitated. Thereby niotion of incline used for draw is shortened.
Dated this 5th day of January 1889.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Knitting Machines.
I, FEARGUS MELLOR of the Firm of Moses Mellor & Sons Limited of Lee Works,
Nottingham, Hosiery Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in straight bar knitting machines.
For the purpose of lessening wear and rendering the machine more durable I line
the brass tricks in which the sinkers work with steel by securing rods wires or strips of
this material into recesses formed in the brass to receive them.
Figure 1 is a front elevation. Figure 2 is a transverse section and shows a sinker.
in place and Figure 3 is a transverse section taken between the sinkers; in this figure
also a sinker is shown.
a, b and c are the steel lining pieces. The piece a is the pressing part and serves to
prevent wear from contact with the needles; this is not novel but the lining
pieces and serve only to prevent the tricks being worn by the sinkers and these are
novel. d is the sinker."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of any said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The steel lining strip above the sinkers preventing the tricks being worn
at the top.
2. The steel lining strip c below the sinkers preventing the tricks being worn
at the back.
Dated this 15th day of October 1889.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to Horse Shoes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 7th May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Feb, 1890-Accepted, 19th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Horse Shoes.
We, JAMES CLARK and EDWIN MAXWELL, trading as Clark and Maxwell, of
Beckett Street, Bedford, in the County of Bedford, Smiths and Wheelwrights, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to horse shoes of that class which is provided with blocks or
pieces of india rubber for preventing the shoes from slipping.
Hitherto it has generally been the custom to secure such blocks or pieces by means
of pins or other independent fasteners.
The object of our invention is to secure the india rubber blocks or pieces without
the use of pins or other fastenings, and to this end it comprises the improvements
hereinafter described
According to our invention we insert the blocks or pieces into holes formed in the
body of the shoes. The said holes are preferably parallel, with counter-sinks at
the inner side next to the hoof, and the blocks or pieces are of similar shape, the
heads which fit into the countersinks preventing the blocks or pieces from becoming
detached.
In some cases instead of forming the holes as herein before described we form them
tapering from one end to the other, the larger ends being towards the hoof side of the
shoe.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Horse Shoes.
JAMES CLARK 56 Bromhain Road Bedford & EDWIN MAXWELL, 28 Western Street
Bedford, Agricultural Engineers and Manufacturing Wheelwrights, General Smiths
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our Patent Non-slipping Horse Shoe has four oval shaped punctures A going
through the shoe, through which is protruding four pads of rubber B. preventing
slipping also concussion. The rubber being kept in place by an inside C. counter-
sink, next the horses hoof D. thus being self fixing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that which we
claim 18-
1st. The countersink in the shoe at the inside E.
'
T
D
1
Year: 1889

page_text: I FRANZ WEYLAND of Harzburg in the Empire of Germany, Paper Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described & ascertained in & by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for drying card-board or paper,
& has for its object the construction of an apparatus whereby card-board or paper can
be dried more uniformly & expediently & which will require less motive power, will
be more certain in its action & require less attention, than heretofore has been the
case.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood, I have caused to be
appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference indicating
like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation,-Fig. 2 a plan, & Fig. 3 a partial vertical section of my
improvements.
In carrying out my invention & referring to the Figs. generally, the improvements.
consist principally in the use of a revolving cage, formed with a vertical axis a &
mounted in suitable sockets or bearings b.
Near the top & bottom are fitted to the axis a by means of flanged rings c, a suitable
number of radial arms d d¹ preferably eight in number, which arms are vertically
connected together by means of stays e, whereby the said cage is divided into eight
uniform compartments.
Each of these compartments is fitted with a suitable number of cross rails f which
serve to hold stationary or removable trays or frames g, on which the card-board or
paper to be dried is placed and removed therefrom by hand.
The said cage may either be rotated by hand or motive power through the medium
of worm or spur gearing.
The hot air necessary to effect the drying of the card-board or paper is preferably
distributed by means of ribbed pipes, arranged in a circle below the cage, & in order
to remove the damp air, the axis a, may be formed hollow & brought in connection
with an air exhauster, or other selfacting means which will effect a current
of air.

page_text: To assist the drawing off of the air a short piece of ribbed piping is inserted into
the hollow axis a, or other means for warming may be applied thereto.
The feeding of the card-board or paper from the machine to the drying apparatus
takes place by means of an endless travelling cloth, which by means of balance
weights can be raised & lowered & which delivers the same onto a plat-form, also
capable of being raised & lowered, from which latter it is placed into the aforesaid
trays or frames g in the cage.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
In apparatus for drying card-board or paper, the use of a rotating cage, suitably
exposed to hot air, consisting of a vertical axis a, suitably mounted & furnished with
radial arms d d¹, connected together by stays e, so as to form a series of compart-
ments furnished with rails f, to receive stationary or removable trays or frames g, on
which the card-board or paper to be dried is placed, substantially as & for the purpose
specified.
Improvements in Glazing Greenhouses and other similar Structures.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 7th May, 1889-Accepted, 20th July, 1889
Improvements in Glazing Greenhouses and other similar
Structures.
1, JOHN LANCASTER, of No. 39 Lame Tree Villas, Barn Street, Plaistow in the
county of Essex Horticulturist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved method of, and means for fixing panes of glass
in position upon the sashes or lights of greenhouses and similar structures, and in
order that said invention may be the better understood, I have appended the
accompanying sheet of drawings, to which reference may be had in the following
description.
In carrying my invention into effect, I employ a piece of zinc or other metal, bent
to an obtuse angle so as to present unequal sides, one being pierced as shown by the
view, Figure 1.
The manner of applying said angular pieces is shewn by Figure 2, in which these
are indicated by C, said pieces C being laid in the required position upon the pane of
glass with the pierced sides resting against the sash bar B, and a small headed tack is
then inserted into the hole, this being afterwards squeezed into position by means of a
suitable pair of tongs, thus forming a neat and firm fastening for the glass panes A.
The angular formation of the metal strips allows of the free expansion and contraction
of the glass.
The ordinary method of glazing now in use by nurserymen and others is to embed
the glass in putty, using none upon the top of the panes, holding these in position by
means of brads driven into the sash bars.
The rigidity of these brads causes the glass to crack in expanding, and another
defect in this method lies in the fact that the shaking of the sash bar due to the
hammering necessary for driving said brads causes the work to be generally unsound.
I do not confine myself to the employment of any particular kind of metal in the
construction of the angular pieces C although I prefer to use zinc, and may also make
them of various sizes to suit light or heavy work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim 15.
First. The construction and employment of angular metal strips C Figure 2, and
shewn more particularly by Figure 1, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described with reference to the drawings.
Second. The method adopted by me of attaching metal strips c to the sash bars B
by means of squeezing, substantially as herein described.
Third. The combination of said strips c and manner of attaching, as referred to in
the preceding claims, as an improved method of glazing greenhouses and similar
structures substantially as herein set forth
Dated this 2nd day of May 1889.
FRED WALKER & HYDE,
4, Little Moorfields, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1889

page_text: 1, FREDERICK CRUNDALL, of 26 Pencester Road, Dover, in the county of Kent
Ship Broker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to pyrotechnic lights for signalling at Sea, and has for its
object to provide lights which are of a much more distinctive character than those at
present in use.
My improved light is designed to throw or shoot balls of coloured fire, similar to a
Roman candle, and at the same time to show one or more lights or flames of a
distinctive colour or colours, the whole forming one combination.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is an elevation of a ship's signal light constructed according to my
invention, and,
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
a is a tube which is charged to burn as a Roman candle and the length of which
varies according to the number of balls of fire to be thrown. b, b are a number of
shorter tubes which are arranged around the upper end of the tube a and which are
filled with a composition designed when ignited to show coloured flame.
The shorter tubes are tightly secured to the tube a by strings or wires c, c, distance
pieces d, d being placed between the tubes b, b (as shown in Figure 2) to hold the
same in position.
The contents of the different tubes of the signal are preferably connected together
50 that when the contents of one are ignited the contents of all the others will be
ignited therefrom.
Any suitable means may be used for effecting the ignition, in practice, however, I
prefer to use a plug' e as described in the Specifications of Letters Patent granted to
A. and H. Brock and dated December 3. A.D. 1887, No. 16672, and to A. Brock
dated February 4. A.D. 1888, No. 1685 ihe said plug being inserted in the end of
the tube a as shown. Also as shown in the drawing the composition on the fireworks
themselves is covered by a waterproof cap which is adapted to be removed by
means of a tape g as described in Brocks' Specifications before referred to.
LD537

page_text: When my improved light is to be used as a distress signal it is by preference
constructed to throw red balls and shew red fire; and when used for signalling a
pilot blue balls and fire are advantageously employed.
It is to be understood however that the colours of the balls and fire may be varied
according to circumstances.
I do not confine myself to any method of connecting the tubes nor to the number
of tubes employed as it is obvious that both these may be varied according to
circumstances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
claim is :
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
(1) A signal light designed to throw or shoot balls of fire and at the same time to
show one or more lights or flames of a distinctive colour or colours, substantially as
described.
(2) The manufacture and use of the improved ship's signal light hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
1000
Improvements in Shoe and Boot Heels.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 29th Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shoe and Boot Heels.
We, FRANZ KORN and RICHARD HOFFMANN, both of Halle /S., German Empire,
Mechanicians do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to prevent uneven wear of shoe and boot
heels.
The manner in which I prefer to carry my invention into effect is shown in the
accompanying drawings, of which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal and Fig. 2. a cross
section on the line A-B.
The contrivance consists of two plates a and b which fit into each other, the
upper one b, being firmly screwed into the heel proper while the lower one a is
held firmly in position against b, by means of a screw c and spring p, such screw c
being accessible from the inside of the boot by removing plug d.
The plate a is most conveniently made round in shape and may be turned from
time to time to enable even wear. Should the part a become loose in relation to
part b, then the plug d can be removed and the screw c screwed further into part a,
whereby the spring becomes tightened.
It will thus be clearly understood, upon reference to the Drawing, that the lower
or treading portion of the heel, to which the plate a is fixed, is free to be turned upon
the screw as a centre, and the irregular wear of the heel is compensated by so
turning it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The arrangement for turning the treading portion of boot and shoe heels, consisting
essentially of two discs a and b, which are held firmly against each other, by means of
a screw c and spring, substantially in the manner as and for the purpose described,
and as shown in the drawings.
Or
1 1000
Improvements in Cutting or Opening Envelopes and all kinds of Papers.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1889-Accepted, 3rd Aug,, 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cutting or Opening Envelopes and all kinds
of Papers.
GEORGE AARON CHAMBERS Brimington near Chesterfield Derbyshire England
Pattern Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object, to render the Opening or Cutting of all
Envelopes and Papers, simple, easy, neat and expeditious.
The Invention consists of a Cutter or Opener, placed in an Envelope or Paper, along
any fold or folds requiring to be cut or opened.
The Cutter or Opener is composed of thread, horse-hair, fine twine, thin wire, or
any other suitable material.
In an Envelope the Cutter is to be laid along the bottom, or any fold desirable,
at the time of gumming and folding, fastened at each end, or fastened the whole
length of the Envelope, with the ends of the Cutter protruding. To open the
Envelope take either end of the Cutter and draw towards the opposite one, so as to
open the fold along which it is fixed.
This Cutter being placed in the Envelope allows the flaps to be gummed so that
they fasten the whole length of the edges, thus giving greater security.
As the Cutter does not tear away any part of the Envelopo the back may be
utilized as a means of advertising or otherwise, while the front would be reserved
for the address.
To open Papers, the Cutter is to be fixed along the folds requiring to be opened,
with the ends protruding as afore stated, and cut in the same manner as the
Envelope with the exception that when papers are folded as is the case with
Newspapers, both ends could be taken, and drawn towards the centre of the paper,
until the whole fold is cut.
In order that my said Invention may be more fully understood, and readily
carried into effect I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Fig. (1) shews the Cutter A. B in an envelope laid in at the time of gumming and
folding, fastened at C. D, or fastened the whole length of the envelope, and left
protruding at each end A. B.
Fig. (2) shews the envelope closed, with the Cutter A B fixed along the bottom,
tho ends protruding as afore stated.
Fig. (3) shews the envelope partly open, the end A being drawn toward the
end B until the whole fold is cut.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declaro that what I claim is :-
:--
"The Cutting or Opening of Envelopes and all kinds of Papers as herein
described."
Dated this 14th day of May 1889.
Improvements in Hammers for Fire Arms.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hammers for Fire Arms.
1, WILLIAM REYNOLDS MILLER, of the City of Baltimore in the State of Maryland,
United States of America, gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN HAMMERS FOR FIRE ARMS, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of hammers in which
the line of the crown conforms, practically with the contour of the upper edge of the
lock, and projects only a short distance beyond the same.
In such hammers the thumb hold is made so small that the hammer is liable to slip
from under the thumb, when let down, and thereby cause a premature discharge of
the cartridge.
My invention consists, therefore, in providing the crown of the hammer with a
secondary recess or depression in the rear of the normal one, into which the thumb
involuntarily enters as the hammer is lowered.
By this means the user is enabled to have complete control over the movement of
the hammer, and that without increasing the projection of the thumb hold beyond the
edge of the lock.
In the further description of the said invention which follows, reference is made to
the accompanying drawing forming a part hereof, and in which,
Figure 1 is an exterior side view, in perspective, of certain parts of a repeating gun
provided with my improvements, and Fig. 2 a side section of the same. Fig. 3 is a
section similar to Fig. 2, except that in it, the hammer is shown as drawn back in the
operation of loading.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts of the invention in all the Figures.
Referring to the drawing, A, B and C represent respectively, the lock, barrel and
magazine of a repeating gun. The. hammer is denoted by D, and its thumb hold
by a. A short distance from the thumb bold, and in the rear of it, I form a secondary
recess, b. formed preferably by erecting on the crown, a projection corresponding
practically in height with the main thumb hold, and curving the intervening space.

page_text: The upper surface of the secondary recess, and the forward side of the projection
in its rear, are preferably roughened in the manner usual in hammers to increase the
hold of the thumb.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I'declare that what I
claim is
In a gun, the hammer thereof having a secondary recess in the rear of the normal
one, into which the thumb involuntarily enters as the hammer is lowered by hand,
suostantially as, and for the purpose specified.
WILLIAM REYNOLDS MILLER.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Cigarette-holders, Cigar-holders, and Tobacco-pipes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 18th July, 1890-Accepted, 18th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cigarette-holders, Cigar-holders, and Tobacco-pipes.
I CHARLES EVANS NEWBON of 79 Tyrwhite Road St. John's S.E. Barrister do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The Improvements in Cigarette-holders Cigar-holders and Tobacco-pipes consist
in so constructing the same that, by dividing the tube and making a screw at
the top of the lower portion thereof to fix into the upper portion, a piece of
cotton-wool, or other similarly light material, through which the air can penetrate by
inhalation, may be inserted in and removed from the space within the upper portion
of the divided tube and the oil or nicotine of the tobacco be absorbed by the wool or
other material and prevented from entering the mouth of the smoker.
Dated this Fifteenth day of October 1889.
CHAS. E. NEWBON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cigarette-holders, Cigar-holders, and Tobacco-pipes.
I CHARLES EVANS NEWBON of 79 Tyrwhite Road St. John's S.E. Barrister do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improvements consist in so constructing the cigarette-holders cigar-holders
and tobacco-pipes that by dividing the tube and making a screw-A-at the top
of the lower portion thereof to fix into the end-B-of the upper portion, a piece
of wood-C or similarly light material through which the air and smoke can
penetrate by inhalation may be inserted in & removed from the space within the
upper portion of the divided tube.
In the case of tobacco-pipes the bowl of the pipe may be divided at the lower
part thereof and the wool-X- placed therein-the screw-Y-being made at the
end of the upper portion of the divided bowl which upper portion or screw may
have a perforated bottom or end-Z-to separate the tobacco from the wool.
The oil or nicotine of the tobacco will be absorbed by the wool and prevented
from entering the mouth of the smoker.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
1. The improved construction of cigarette holders cigar holders and tobacco
pipes.
2. The insertion of wool in the divided tubes or bowls thereof.
3. The means of preventing the oil or nicotine of the tobacco from entering the
mouth of the smoker.
4. The facility of cleaning the bolders or pipes by removing the wool when the oil
has accumulated.
Dated this 18th day of July 1890