IMPROVEMENTS IN ARMATURES FOR ELECTRIC CURRENT GENERATING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for
an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN ARMATURES FOR ELECTRIC CURRENT
GENERATING MACHINES communicated to him from abroad by Charles
Francis Brush, of Cleveland, United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1883.
IN
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS
ARMATURES FOR ELECTRIC CURRENT GENERATING MACHINES," a communication
to me from abroad by Charles Francis Brush, of Cleveland, United States of
America,
The present invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of the
Revolving armatures of Electric-Current Generating Machines, and more particularly
to those of the "Brush " system. The armature of the present invention is an
improvement on the present "Brush" armatures, chiefly in the fact that the
laterally projecting portions thereof, between which the wires are wound to form
the bobbins, are formed or built up of a series of comparatively thin and distinct
metallic plates interposed between the coils or folds of a metallic ribbon, which,
when coiled, forms either alone or in connection with an inner or base ring on
which it is wound the annular portion of the armature. Preferably, and chiefly
for convenience in mechanical construction, I employ the base ring, and coil or
wind the band thereon, very much as ribbon is spooled; but in the operation of
winding I interpose between the coils, on either side of the point or place where
bobbins are desired, thin soft metal plates, the ends of which project out laterally
beyond the sides of the band-formed ring, a distance equal or about equal to the
thickness of the bobbin or bundle of wires to be wound around the band-formed
ring, so that both the bobbins and the plates, when the armature is revolved in the
machine, shall just clear the pole-pieces of the field magnets.
Referring to the drawings annexed,
Figure 1, is a side view or a view in elevation of the improved armature,
but without the bobbins ;

page_text: In the drawing, A indicates the base or inner ring, made thick enough to give a
suitable support to the flexible band wound thereon, and I also employ it as a
device by which, say through lugs a, a, or otherwise, to make connection between
the armature and the hub of the driving shaft. Its breadth should be exactly or
approximately that desired in the body of the armature ring, of which the band o
forms a part. This band c, of any desired length, and of iron or other suitable
magnetizable material, is secured at one end to the ring A, and then wound on
and around its periphery any desired number of times, with reference to the
making of an armature of any desired size; but at each side of those places or
points at which wires are to be wound around the armature ring to form bobbins,
I introduce between the successive folds of the band, a thin metallic strip or plate 8,
which lies crosswise of the band, and with its ends projecting a distance equal or
about equal to the thickness of the coil of wire which is to form the bobbins. Each
series, or pile R of transverse plates 8, is built up on a line parallel to the radial
line passing through the middle of the adjacent space B, as shown, but with one
or more folds of the band between each two in succession, and, where the bobbins
are to be arranged, as close together as possible, the piles R, which come between
two adjacent bobbins, will branch in a V-form from a single base pile R', and such
base part may be made of strips which gradually increase in width, or of edgewise
overlapping strips, or of two series of narrow but gradually widening strips, as
may be preferred. The armature shown in the drawing is spaced or divided up by
the piles or series R, so as to give eight intermediate spaces B, as bobbin spaces, or
recesses in which to wind the bobbin wires, but the spacing may be varied at pleasure,
so as to give fewer or smaller bobbin spaces or recesses. Plates and bands may be
painted or otherwise coated or covered with insulating material, if so desired, though
for most purposes the oxide ordinarily present will suffice for purposes of insulation.
When the armature has thus been built up to the desired size or extent, the outer
end of the band is secured to the outer fold by riveting or otherwise, and rivets
or bolts e, are passed radially through each pile or series of plates, and through the
interlying band-folds, so as to secure all firmly in place. The bobbins are then
wound and connections made as in the "Brush" system, or otherwise as may be
preferred. As plates and bands are thus entirely disconnected with each other,
except over the comparatively small area where the former cross the latter, and as
practically they are insulated from each other over these areas, and as open air
spaces exist between them at all other points, I thus secure greater exemption
from the evils of heating, induction, &c., and lessen the first cost and also secure
in the completed machine, a considerable and material increase of electric-generating
capacity.
It will be but a slight modification, instead of making the band c, continuous
as above described, to divide it up into a series of bands or rings, each outer one
exceeding the diameter of the next inner one by twice the thickness of one of the
plates, and in the following claims, I will use the term "band-formed armature
ring," as including the construction described, whether the band that forms the
ring be coiled continuously or be subdivided into separate ring-shaped bands as
above described. Of course the edges of the bands may be notched at or along
the spaces B, or each two adjacent plates 8, which are interposed between two band
rings or band folds, may be connected by cross bar 8', (Fig. 4) so as to form a
compound or H-shaped plate, or other modification in the form of the plates or
bands may be made. And while I prefer the use of the inner or base ring A,
on which to coil or wind, one or more central or inside coils of the band may be
used as a base by which, or from which, to make the necessary connections with
the hub, and on which to coil and build as above described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Patent Office on the 24th March 1884.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ARMATURES FOR ELECTRIC CURRENT GENERATING MACHINES," a communication to
me from abroad by Charles Francis Brusb, of Cleveland, United States of
America,
The present invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of the
Revolving armatures of Electric-Current Generating Machines, and more particularly
to those of the "Brush" system. The armature of the present invention is an
improvement on the present "Brush" armatures, chiefly in the fact that the
laterally projecting portions thereof, between which the wires are wound to form
the bobbins, are formed or built up of a series of comparatively thin and distinct
metallic plates interposed between the coils or folds of a metallic ribbon, which,
when coiled, forms either alone or in connection with an inner or base ring on
which it is wound the annular portion of the armature. Preferably, and chiefly
for convenience in mechanical construction, I employ the base ring, and coil or
wind the band thereon, very much as ribbon is spooled; but in the operation of
winding I interpose between the coils, on either side of the point or place where
bobbins are desired, thin soft metal plates, the ends of which project out laterally
beyond the sides of the band-formed ring, a distance equal or about equal to the
thickness of the bobbin or bundle of wires to be wound around the band-formed
ring, so that both the bobbins and the plates, when the armature is revolved in
the machine, shall just clear the pole-pieces of the field magnets.
Referring to the drawings annexed,
Figure 1, is a side view or a view in elevation of the improved armature, but
without the bobbins ;
Figure 2, is a top or edge view thereof;
Figure 3, is an enlarged view in perspective of a detached portion of the
armature; and
Figure 4, shows a modified form of plate which may be employed.
In the drawing, A indicates the base or inner ring, made thick enough to give
a suitable support to the flexible band wound thereon, and I also employ it as a
device by which, say through lugs a, a, or otherwise, to make connection between
the armature and the hub of the driving shaft. Its breadth should be exactly or
approximately that desired in the body of the armature ring, of which the band c
forms a part. This band c, of any desired length, and of iron or other suitable
magnetizable material, is secured at one end to the ring A, and then wound on
and around its periphery any desired number of times, with reference to the
making of an armature of any desired size; but at each side of those places or
points at which wires are to be wound around the armature ring to form bobbins,
I introduce between the successive folds of the band, a thin metallic strip or plate 8,
which lies crosswise of the band, and with its ends projecting a distance equal or
about equal to the thickness of the coil of wire which is to form the bobbins. Each
series, or pile R of transverse plates 8, is built up on a line parallel to the radial
line passing through the middle of the adjacent space B, as shown, but with one
or more folds of the band between each two in succession, and, where the bobbins
are to be arranged, as close together as possible, the piles R, which come between
two adjacent bobbins, will branch in a V-form from a single base pile R', and such
base part may be made of strips which gradually increase in width, or of edgewise
overlapping strips, or of two series of narrow but gradually widening strips, as

page_text: may be preferred. The armature shown in the drawing is spaced or divided up
by the piles or series R, so as to give eight intermediate spaces B, as bobbin spaces,
or recesses in which to wind the bobbin wires, but the spacing may be varied at
pleasure, so as to give fewer or smaller bobbin spaces or recesses. Plates and bands
may be painted or otherwise coated or covered with insulating material, if so
desired, though for most purposes the oxide ordinarily present will suffice for
purposes of insulation. When the armature has thus been built up to the
desired size or extent, the outer end of the band is secured to the outer fold by
riveting or otherwise, and rivets or bolts e, are passed radially through each pile or
series of plates, and through the interlying band-folds, so as to secure all firmly in
place. The bobbins are then wound and connections made as in the "Brush"
system, or otherwise as may be preferred. As plates and bands are thus entirely
disconnected with each other, except over the comparatively small area where the
former cross the latter, and as practically they are insulated from each other over
these areas, and as open air spaces exist between them at all other points, I thus
secure greater exemption from the evils of heating, induction, &c., and lessen the
first cost and also secure in the completed machine, a considerable and material
increase of electric-generating capacity.
"
It will be but a slight modification, instead of making the band c, continuous as
above described, to divide it up into a series of bands or rings, each outer one
exceeding the diameter of the next inner one by twice the thickness of one of the
plates, and in the following claims, I will use the term band-formed armature
ring," as including the construction described, whether the band that forms the
ring be coiled continuously or be subdivided into separate ring-shaped bands as
above described. Of course the edges of the bands may be notched at or along
the spaces B, or each two adjacent plates 8, which are interposed between two
band rings or band folds, may be connected by cross bar s', (Fig. 4) so as to form
a compound or H-shaped plate, or other modification in the form of the plates or
bands may be made. And while I prefer the use of the inner or base ring A, on
which to coil or wind, one or more central or inside coils of the band may be used
as a base by which, or from which, to make the necessary connections with the
hub, and on which to coil and build as above described.