Improvements in and connected with Wind Motors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Apr., 1895-Accepted, 24th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Wind Motors.
I, WILLIAM JOSEPH STARKEY BARBER-STARKEY of Aldenham Park,
Bridgnorth, in the County of Salop, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that type of wind motors described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to me No. 5087 dated the 9th day of March A.D. 1893,
and its objects are to reduce the weight of the sails and to simplify the construction
of such motors.
Instead of employing two sets of radial arms to which the sails are attached, [
use, according to my present invention, a single set, and form or secure upon the
outer end or part of each arm a projecting limb which may be arranged at a right
angle with the arm or at a greater or less angle. The projecting limb of each arm
may be arranged either parallel with the sail shaft or at an angle thereto, and
triangular sails are used.
In either case, the apices of the sails are attached either to the inner end of the
arms or to the hub in which the arins are fixed, that is to say near the centre of
revolution of the sails. When the projecting arms are parallel with the axis of
revolution, the other two angles of each sail may be respectively secured to the
elbow or outer end of one arm and to the other end of the projecting limb on the
following arm. When the projecting arms are arranged at an angle to the axis of
revolution, the two upper angles of the sails are secured respectively to the outer
end of the arm and to the projecting limb. Whichever plan is adopted, the sails
will be arranged diagonally as described in my former Specification, but at present
I prefer to stretch the sails from one arm to the projecting limb of the following
arm as first herein described.
When the motor is employed to drive a dynamo or the like, I may arrange it in
a frame or box suspended from and moving with the wheel or its framing, and
additionally supported by suitable bearings resting upon the floor.
Thus the
dynamo moves with the wheel on every change of wind and liability to reversal is
avoided. The current may be taken off by brushes rubbing against insulated
collars respectively connected with the dynamo terminals.
Dated this 21st day of June A D 1894.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.
I, WILLIAM JOSEPH STARKEY BARBER-STARKEY of Aldenham Park,
Bridgnorth, in the County of Salop, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following stateinent :-
This invention relates to that type of wind motors described in the Specification
ΓΡ
1

page_text: of Letters Patent granted to me No. 5087 dated the 9th day of March A.D. 1893,
and its objects are to reduce the weight of the sails and to simplify the construction
of such motore.
Instead of employing two sets of radial arms to which the sails are attached. I
use, according to my present invention, a single set, and form or secure upon each
arm, a projecting limb which may be arranged at a right angle with the arm, or at
a greater or less ungle. The projecting part of each arm may be arranged
either parallel with the sail shaft or at an angle thereto, and tri-angular sails are
used.
When the projecting part of each arm is parallel with the axis of revolution, two
angles of each sail may be respectively secured to the elbow or outer end of ona
arm, and to the end of the projecting part of the following arm.
When the pro-
jecting parts of the arms are arranged at an angle to the axis of revolution, the
two upper angles of the sails may be secured respectively to the outer end of the
arm and to the outer end of the projecting part. Whichever plan is adopted,
the sails will be arranged diagonally as described in my former Specification of
Letters Patent, but I prefer to stretch the sails, each from one arm to the end of
the projecting part of the following arm, as first hereinbefore described.
When the motor is employed to drive a dynamo or the like, I may arrange it in
a frame or box suspended from and moving with the wheel or its framing, and
additionally supported by suitable bearings resting upon a floor. Thus the dynamo
moves with the wheel on every change of wind, and liability to reversal is avoided.
The current may be taken off by brushes rubbing against insulated collars
respectively connected with the dynamo terminals.
will more particularly describe my ɛaid invention with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
In each of the figures A denotes the arms, S the tri-angular sails, and P the
projections from the arms which carry the sails.
Figure 1 represents a back elevation of one form of sail wheel. In this case the
arms A are radial, and have at about mid length the curved projections 1', each at
an angle preferably less than a right angle to the plane of revolution. The side 2, 3.
of each sail is secured along one of the arms A, and the apex or angle 1 to the end
of the projection l' on the next arm.
A modification of this form of sail wheel is illustrated in side elevation by
Figure 2, the difference being that as shewn in Figure 2, the projections Pare
formed at the end of each arm A and are at right angles with the plane of revolution.
The sails are attached in like manner, that is to say, the side of the sail between
the angles 2 and 3 is secured along the length of the arm A, and the angle is
attached to the outer end of the projecting part P. A steering vane V is used in
all cases, although in the drawings this accessory is represented only in Figure 2.
It may be of any suitable construction such for example as that illustrated by the
figure, in elevation. In this case, the vane is secured upon the wheel axle which is
a projection from the bracket U, the wheel itself being fixed upon a sleeve or hub
rotating on the fixed axle. The hub may be additionally supported by and rotate
within or upon a bearing U' as shewn in Figure 2 and thus relieve the strain upon
the bracket and axle. The motion of the wheel may be transmitted in any con-
venient manner, for example as illustrated by Figures 2 and 3, or as hereinafter
described with reference to Figure 5. The mitre wheel W, fixed to the hub of the
Eail wheel, gears with the similar wheel on the upper end of the vertical shafts,
through which the motion of the wheel may be transmitted to a dynamo, pump or
the like, below. The U-shaped fixing U, a projection of which forms the axis of
the sail wheel and of the steering vane, is fixed upon a platform, or upon the upper
end of the vertical sleeve s' concentric with the shaft s. This arrangement permits
changes in position of the sail wheel, following changes in the direction of the wind,
without risk of reversal in the dynamo driven by the motor. In the modification
represented in front elevation by Figure 3, much shorter sails are employed in con-
junction with a stiffening ring which although not essential is preferably employed

page_text: in this and other forms of the wheel. The sails are connected to the wheel in
practically the same manner as described with reference to the preceding figures of
the drawings. The projections P' are at right angles to the arms, and the angles 1
of the sails are connected to their outer ends. The angles 2 are connected with the
tops of the arms, and the angles 3 are connected either with the ring as shewn, or
with the arm at a point about the centre of its length or nearer to or further from
the hub. In this case, as in others, one angle of the sail 1 is connected with the
outer end of the projecting part P of one arm, and the angles 2, 3, with the next
arm, so as to obtain a diagonal position for the sails.
In some cases, the sail wheel, instead of being mounted upon a horizontal axis,
may be mounted upon an axis inclining upwards, to enable the sails to clear the
framing upon which the motor may be mounted, or, for the same purpose, the sail
arms may be inclined, as shewn by Figure 5.
It is not essential that there should be a sail for every arm or that every arm
should have the projection P, as this projection may be formed
upon alternate arms,
in which case the intervening arms would be straight. In this case also, and in
some other obvious cases, the arm which forms the projection may be curved, so as
to bring its outer end into a plane behind the plane of the intervening arms, thus
providing the same result. Such a construction is illustrated by Figure 4, and in
a further modification, by Figure 5 In the elevation Figure 4, the emis p of the
curved arms are considerably behind the plane of the straight arms A.
The angle 1
of each sail is secured to the end of a curved art at p, and the side between the
angles 2, 3, is secured along the next straight arm, and the diagonal position of the
sail is ensured. In the modification illustrated in side elevation by Figure 5,
the intervening arms instead of being curved are straight and have a projecting
part as described with reference to Figures 2 and 3. The alternate arms are
straight as shewn in Figure 4. The sails are connected as in Figure 4, that is to
say angle 1 is secured to the end of the projection P of one arm, and the side
between angles 23 is connected to the next arm, which has, and needs, no pro-
jection. The gearing for transmitting the motion of the wheel is mounted upon a
platform which may travel on a roller path, and be guided by the rollers ». On
this platform there is a fixing carrying the sail wheel axle upon the opposite end of
which is fixed a spur wheel W in gear with the pinion w fixed upon the parallel
pulley axle, from which motion is communicated by a belt and pulleys to the dynamo
or pump below. The dynamo or driven mechanism is carried on a lower platform b,
rigidly connected, and moving with the upper platform, and it may be supported by
the pivot e bearing in a suitable footstep, in which the friction may be reduced by
ball or roller bearings.
The connection of the apex of each sail to the projecting part may be made by
means of a divided ring or other equivalent means, which will open or give way
when the wind blows with an excessive force, and thus permit the sail to be furled
or wound automatically around the arm to which it is secured or to blow out so that
it presents little surface to the wind.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In wind motors, a sail wheel having triangular sails each of which has one
side secured in or about the plane of revolution of the wheel arms and its apex or
opposite angle secured to a point behind the said plane of revolution and to the
right or to the left, so that each sail is in a diagonal position with reference to the
plane of revolution, constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. In a wind motor, a sail wheel having arms with projections therefrom and
triangular sails, one side of each sail being connected to one arm, and its opposite
angle to the projection of the next arm, substantially as hereinbefore described and
as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 3. In wind motors, sail wheels constructed substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of Avril A.D. 1895.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.