IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN COLOURS EMPLOYED IN PRINTING FABRICS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Antoine Lejeune, of the City of
Manchester, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN COLOURS EMPLOYED IN PRINTING FABRICS."
Sealed the 19th February 1869, and dated the 10th September 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Antoine Lejeune
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 10th September 1868.
I, AUGUSTE ANTOINE LEJEUNE, of the City of Manchester, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN COLOURS EMPLOYED IN PRINTING FABRICS,"
to be as follows:-
The colours for printing to which my improvements are applicable
are all the colours produced by madder or preparations of madder.
My Invention consists in combining with the said madder colours a
certain proportion of a preparation of palm gum commonly called sago;
the quantity of this palm gum or sago depends upon the shade of colour

page_text: to be printed. By this Invention a great saving is effected in producing
the said madder colours and the colours are fast.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Putent,
filed by the said Auguste Antoine Lejeune in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd February 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTE
ANTOINE LEJEUNE, of the City of Manchester, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Auguste Antoine Lejeune, Her special
license that I, the said Auguste Antoine Lejeune, my executors, adminis-
.trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Auguste Antoine
Lejeune, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN COLORS EMPLOYED IN PRINTING
FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Auguste
Antonie Lejeune, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and' seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great. Seal Patent Office, within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Auguste Antoine Lejeune, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say).:-
The colors for printing to which my improvements are applicable are
all the colors produced by madder or preparations of madder.

page_text: My Invention consists in combining with the said madder colors a
certain proportion of a preparation of palm gum commonly called
"E
"
sago or tapioca; the quantity of this palm gum, or sago, or tapioca
depends upon the shade of color to be printed. By this Invention a
great saving is effected in producing the said madder colors and the
colors are fast.
And in order that my Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the means
pursued by me.
In performing my Invention I take fifty pounds of palm gum
commonly called "sago" or tapioca and boil it for about two hours in
from eighteen to twenty gallons of water; if the palm gum be in powder
the boiling to dissolve it may be effected in about one hour. This
solution or preparation of palm gum should be clear or transparent
before it is removed from the vessel in which it has been boiled.
In producing red colors I take twenty parts of an aluminous mordant
at from ten to eleven degrees of Beaumé's hydrometer and fifteen parts
of the preparation of palm gum above described; the preparation of palm
gum is to be mixed gradually with the mordant and heated for about
one quarter of an hour, at a temperature of about fifty degrees of
Reaumur's thermometer; the solution must then be passed through a
copper sieve and stirred with a hard brush; the solution is then completed
by straining it through a cloth.
In producing the darker madder colors, such as puce, I take aluminous
or ferruginous mordants at ten to eleven degrees Beaumé, and proceed in
the manner above described for reds.
35
In producing the colors known as "rose garance," or "fleur de
garance or "alizarine" the preparation of gum is obtained by com-
bining fifty pounds of the palm gum or " sago or tapioca with thirty-
six to forty gallons of water boiled as above described. One part
of the aluminous mordant at ten to eleven degrees Beaumé is mixed
with from six to twelve parts of gum preparation.
Violet colors are obtained in the same manner as the rose colors, that
is to say, with one part of the mordant of pyrolignite of iron at about
ten degrees Beaumé combined with from ten to twenty parts of gum
preparation. This gum preparation may be employed to thicken various
other madder colors and also for steam colors, the proportions being

page_text: determined according to the color to be produced, as will be readily
understood by a practical colorist. By means of these improvements the
brilliancy of the colors is improved, the colors produced are fast, and the
coloring matter is economized.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the exact proportions nor to the other details given, as
the same may be varied or modified; but what I do claim is, the appli-
cation of palm gum or "sago" or tapioca in the preparation of certain
colors for printing fabrics as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Antoine Lejeune, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of January, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
A. A. LEJEUNE. (L.s.)