Improvements in Graphoscopes and Stereoscopes.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1898-Accepted, 17th June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Graphoscopes and Stereoscopes.
I, LAURANCE HENRY COHEN, of 13, Habsburger-Str., in the City of Berlin,
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My present invention relates to improvements in graphoscopes and stereoscopes,
the object being to construct an apparatus with which it is possible to see slide
or change pictures and show the same in panorama manner as well as loose
pictures of the stereoscopic as well as simple kind to an enlarged scale.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings,
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of graphoscopic apparatus constructed according to
this invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a simple lens.
Figs. 3 to 11 are detail views.
At the top of a tripod or pedestal A is an open bearing B in which is mounted
a spindle C, enlarged at the point where it rests in the bearing B so as to form a
ball-shaped pivot-joint D. The spindle C is held balanced in the bearing by means
of screws or the like E E Fig. 5, and on its front end, which consists preferably
of a tube, is furnished with a slot F, Fig. 3, and is closed by means of a knob,
button, nut or the like G. The lens holder K has a sleeve H arranged to slide
on the spindle C being guided in the slot F by means of the indentation I, and a
vertical pin L taking into a slot in the handle of the lens M.
The spindle C is connected with a frame N which holds the picture carrier as
well as the changing or sliding apparatus.
This changing or sliding apparatus is composed as follows:
In the upper part of the frame N are ears or lugs O¹ through which the
regulating screws P P pass. In the lower part of the frame N are other lugs or
ears R R serving to receive the driving apparatus or apparatus for rolling up
the pictures. This consists of a driving wheel S with or without a crank T fixed on
a short spindle s, and furnished with a cone s' and polygonal end s. The poly-
gonal ends on the spindle takes into a socket or slot in the lower end of a roller U
furnished with a radial groove V for fixing the sliding or changing picture W.
The screw P is formed with a conical end and is screwed against the end of the
roller U so that the roller rotates thereon. The screws P P₁ are then fixed by set
screws QQ.
For the fixing of the picture carrier, the frame N is furnished with two
studs to which two rods y y' are fastened by screwing or in some other
manner, and for securing spring action, bent somewhat slightly inwards. Over
the rods y the picture-carrier Z shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 is pushed, its
side edges being bent over the rods and its lower edge also being bent to form a
support for the picture.
The action of the whole apparatus is as follows: The sliding or changing
picture W is strengthened at the ends by being folded or doubled; it is fixed
in the groove V and then rolled on the roller U. The radial arrangement of

page_text: the slot ensures the picture being held perfectly tight, so that when un-rolled, it
cannot slip off the roller. As one of the rollers is employed for rolling the
picture on, and the other for un-rolling it, both of them must be so arranged
that the grooves do not lie in the same direction. It is obvious that the pictures
can be fastened to only one of the rollers, and pass round the other, which in this
case serves as a guide, the two ends of the picture being placed in the same
slot, which can easily be done without any alteration.
After the picture has been inserted, and attached to a roller, the rollers are
pushed over the polygon-shaped part 2, the screw P is screwed into the roller and
secured by means of the set screw Q.
If now, the wheels be rotated directly, or by means of the crank, the picture cau
be wound on and off the one roller on to the other, so that, if the lens has been
duly adjusted beforehand, the picture will appear on an enlarged scale and, in
the case of a stereoscope, with realistic effect. The picture is moved over the
picture carrier. If the picture carrier is to be used for simple pictures only, it
is adjusted, as regards height, in accordance with the size of the picture, any
position given to it being secured by the spring action of the sliding rods y y¹.
The arrangement of the balance or rocking shaft in the tripod or pedestal serves
to place both the spectator and the picture in the proper light as well as to place
the picture at a suitable height.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1
Apparatus for showing, sliding or changing stereoscopes or ordinary pictures in
combination with a picture carrier for single pictures, consisting in a tripod or
pedestal in the top of which, formed as an open bearing, a tube enlarged in the
manner of a ball is mounted to support on the one side a lens holder placed over
and guided in a slot in the tube and on the other a frame carrying the sliding or
changing apparatus and picture holder; in the roller supported on a spindle and
by a perpendicular regulating screw and vertical set-screw, and being actuated by
a wheel for effecting the rolling and unrolling of the picture fastened in the
radial groove of the rollers; further in combination with this frame and sliding
or changing apparatus, a picture holder or carrier for the reception of single
pictures, consisting of rods guided in bolts of the frame, on which rods the
picture carrier is brought into any desired position as regards height and held
firmly by the spring action of the rods.
Dated this 30th day of June 1898.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents.