IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING AND FINISHING PILE FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cunliffe Lister and José Reixach y Gispert, both
of Manningham, in the County of York, Manufacturers, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING AND FINISHING PILE FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister and
José Reixach y Gispert at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
10th February 1880.
SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER and JOSÉ REIXACH Y GISPERT, both of Manningham,
in the County of York, Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING AND
FINISHING PILE FABRICS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in manufacturing and finishing
pile fabrica
In the manufacturing of pile fabrics when endless knives are used for cutting
the pile we drive the sharpening rollers used for sharpening such endless knives by
the knife driving pulley, so that when the loom stops or starts this pulley will
cause the sharpening rollers to revolve or stop simultaneously with the knife.
For finishing pile fabric we use a machine which combines the following
operations: As the piece goes in the machine it wets or damps the face of the
pile fabric, and as the piece travels with the face upwards a roller covered with
cards or other suitable material cards and cleans the pile; also after leaving this
roller the piece is batted by a set of sticks worked by cams at each side of the
machine for the purpose of raising the pile.
After leaving the sticks a roller covered with teazels or other material cleans
and raises the pile (in the opposite direction to that of the first roller), and when
leaving this roller, i.e., the second one, the piece is batted again by a second set of
sticks to raise the pile; after this it passes on to a stretching and drying frame
connected with this machine. Further, in the finishing of pile fabrics we let the
stiffening fall in a volume on the back of the piece as it passes along to an endless
stretching chain. We let the stiffening fall from a trough on to the back of the
piece. The proper quantity of stiffening is regulated by a sliding valve, whilst
another sliding valve regulates the weight of the stiffening. A knife forms a
barrier to the volume of stiffening, and as the piece is travelling scrapes and spreads
it on the back of the piece. The excess of stiffening falls from each side of the
piece into a cistern below, and is by a pump again raised into the trough above.
We also apply irons (heated with gas and atmospheric air moved with a to and
fro motion across the piece) to glaze the back of the said pile fabric as it passes
along stretched and with the face downwards.

page_text: og and boating machine. A are the side frames of the machine; A 18 the
driving shaft, on which is fixed a bevel wheel B, which bevel wheel gears with a
bevel wheel C fixed on the shaft D.
The cams E fixed on the shaft D strike on the rollers F, which are carried at
the centre of the levers F. These levers can turn on a fulcrum at one end, and at the
other end are connected by straps H with the sticks G, which are to beat the pile
fabric N. The sticks after being drawn downwards by the straps are pulled back
again by the springs I, when the levers F are released from the cams E. The cams
are arranged so as to strike alternately, as shewn at Figure 3. J are tension bars
to give tension to the piece N ; K is a roller to regulate the amount of water to
be given to the piece N by causing it to press more or less against the roller L.
The roller L takes water or other liquid from the trough M and gives it to the
piece N. The piece afterwards goes round a drag roller O, and then under a card
or teazle roller P, which being driven by the usual means cards the pile as the
piece travels face up. Under the before mentioned roller P there are two elevating
bars QQ, which can be raised or lowered by means of the gearing R, and caused
to press the pile fabric with more or less pressure against the roller P. S is a
small roller to prevent the vibration of the cloth when carding, such vibration
being caused by the beating of the sticks G, which beat the cloth as it travels
from roller P to roller T, which rollers are covered with card, teazles, or other
material. Under T there is the same motion R and elevating bars Q as under
roller P. The stays U are to give firmness to the piece as it is being beaten by
the sticks G. The roller V is the drawing off roller, which is driven by the
intermediate wheel W, such intermediate wheel being driven by a pinion fixed on
the shaft A.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 6 a cross section of our machine
for finishing pile fabrics; Figures 7 and 8 shew parts of the machine on a larger
scale.
A is the trough which contains the stiffening or other liquid to be put on the
back of the piece in a volume. A section of this trough A is shewn at Figure 8
on a larger scale. The stiffening being put in the trough falls on the back of the
piece, according to the extent to which the valve B is opened. C is a handle at
the end of the trough A for opening or closing the valve. The surplus of the
stiffening is taken from the piece by the knife or scraper D, which surplus is
guided by the cup E down to the cistern F, from whence it is raised by the pump
G into the trough A, which pump is worked by the eccentric H. The piece K as
it travels down to the trough and to the chain J is brushed by a revolving endless
brusb I. The piece travelling face down after passing from the trough is put on
endless chains J (of which we only shew a portion) by india rubber wheels L, and
it is by them caused to travel along the machine. The machine is fitted up with
gas and steam to dry the piece to a certain degree until it arrives at the irons M,
which are heated with gas and atmospheric air. One of these irons is shewn
separately on a larger scale at Figure 7. N is a receiver, in which the gas and
air are mixed, and from which the pipes O are fed, passing through these to the
pipes P, which supply the irons M. The said irons (see Figure 7) are hollow, and
the flame Q is drawn across the bottom of the iron by the funnel R. The irons
have a to and fro motion whilst the piece is travelling forwards, and being heated
they produce a gloss on the back of the pile fabric K.
The way in which the to and fro motion is given to the irons is shewn at
Figure 6. S is an eccentric, which gives motion to a connecting rod T which
works the oscillating arm U, such arm having connecting straps W fixed to the
frames V, which embrace the irons M. The said irons M can slide up and down
in the said frames V, so that they bear with their own weight on the back of the
piece. At each side of the piece they are lifted up to protect the chain J by
means of inclines Y, against which pullies Z fixed on the irons M come into
contact.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, we declare that we claim,―
First. The giving motion to sharpening rollers used for sharpening endless
knives (employed for severing the pile of double pile fabrics) by an endless cord
or band driven from the knife driving pulley, substantially as described, so that
the knife and rollers may start and stop simultaneously with the loom.
Second. The construction of machinery for finishing pile fabrics in such manner
that the pile fabric is wetted, carded, teazled, and beaten, substantially as
described.
Third. The applying stiffening in a volume to the back of pile fabrics whilst
they are moved along with their face downwards, substantially as described.
Fourth. The combination of the trough, adjustable valve, and spreading knife
for applying the stiffening in volume to the back of pile fabrics, and the cistern
for receiving the excess of stiffening and pump for raising such stiffening from the
cistern to the trough, substantially as described.
Fifth. The employment of irons heated by gas and atmospheric air, and caused
to traverse to and fro across the back of pile fabrics to glaze the back after it has
had stiffening applied to it.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister and José Reixach y
Gispert, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.