Year: 1899

page_text: I, WILLIAM DAVID HAMILTON, of Campsie View, Bearsden, Dumbartonshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in and relating to water tube
boilers, and has mainly for its object to dispense with cross boxes and staggered
headers.
According to my improvements I dish or crease the under part of boiler shell
near each end into a horizontal or nearly horizontal surface, and connect the
nipples from headers to same, the nipples being practically in straight line;
that is in a boiler with nine sections wide, there would be five central straight
uptake nipples connected to the dished plate, and likewise five straight downtake,
nipples and four nipples that is two at each side would be slightly bent where
these join the curved surface of the steam drum, the tubes in each case being kept,
normal to the drum. And in a boiler with eight sections there would be four
straight uptake and downtake nipples, connected to dished plate, and four
curved nipples, but the dishing of boiler plate would be much less. In boilers
with less than eight sections all uptake and downtake nipples would be practically
straight with the exception of two at the front and rear which would be slightly
bent.
The dishing or creasing of the boiler shell would or may be effected by taking
the plate which would form the lower half of the boiler shell at that section or
part, and placing it in a suitable die, and acting on it with an hydraulic ram, so
as to produce the bottom horizontal or flat shape.
The shell of boiler at the part where this dished section is connected to upper
semicircular section would preferably be butt strapped both inside and outside.
The headers would be formed of a straight shape, and preferably of square
section and be connected to the steam drum by the straight nipples as previously
described. Bricks would be placed between the tubes at distributed distances
apart for the purpose of baffling and staggering the flame. Between each row.
of tubes in the side walls hinged cleaning doors would be fitted at an angle to
open inwardly, and to close automatically when the steam cleaning pipe is with-
drawn.
Hand holes would be formed in the headers opposite each tube for easy access
to the latter and would be fitted with clamp and cap forgings, the head of the
clamp forging being inside the header underlapping the hole and its outer stem
end would pass through the cap and be secured by a screwed cap nut on top.
The joint would be formed by recessing header round hole to admit of the
insertion of a copper or other ring, and the cap would be formed with a valve
ring face to fit over same so as to make a fluid tight joint.
13
حيد
14th November 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Water Tube Boilers.
I, WILLIAM DAVID HAMILTON, of Campsie View, Bearsden, Dumbartonshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to improvements in and relating to water tube
boilers, the object of the invention being to cheapen and simplify the manufacture
of such boilers, by dispensing with the usual cross boxes connecting the tube
headers with the steam and water drum, and with the necessity Tor sinuous
shaped headers for staggering the water tubes to direct the fire gases in a sinuous
course amongst these.
The appended drawings together with the following specification fully describe
the nature and object of my invention.
Fig. (1) of the drawings is a sectional view taken lengthwise of a boiler con-
structed with the above mentioned object.
Fig. (2) is a sectional view taken at right angles to Fig. (1).
Fig. (3) is a sectional view similar to Fig. (2) but shewing a slightly different
method of directing the fire gases in a sinuous course amongst the water
tubes.
Fig. (4) is a sectional view to a larger scale taken across the steam and water
drum shewing the method of connecting the headers with the dished portions of
the steam and water drum, in a boiler having nine sections of tubes in the width
of the boiler.
Fig. (5) is a similar view to Fig. (4) but shewing only seven section of tubes
in the width of the boiler.
Fig. (6) is a similar view to Fig. (4) but shewing only six sections of tubes
in the width of the boiler.
Fig. (7) is a sectional view of the handhole fittings.
In that part of my invention relating to the connection of the headers with
the steam and water drum A, instead of, as is ordinarily practised, dishing the
under shell of the drum A, at each end thereof outwards and downwards, or
making a separate crossbox of corresponding shape and rivetting the same over
an opening in the underside of the drum, I dish said under portion inwards
entirely within the drum by a single crease.
The sides B of the creased portion extend vertically or approximately verti-
cally from the outer circumference of the drum A inwards within said drum
cutting it for a certain distance inwards transversely in two planes, the inner
ends of these sides B having a horizontal portion B extending between them as
shown by the various figures of the drawings.
The horizontal portion B' of the crease forms a chord to that are of the drum
from which the crease starts and is subtended by this arc which joins its
extremities, and into this portion B₁ nipples C are expanded as also into headers I)
of rectangular cross section into which the water tubes E, situated in the com-
bustion chamber of the boiler, are expanded. Thus in a boiler having nine
sections of tubes in its width, as shewn at Fig. 4, or seven sections as shewn at
Fig. (5), the five central nipples C (or in the case of six sections as shown in
Fig. 6, four nipples) extend in straight lines from the dished portion of the
drum A to the headers D and the outer nipples at either side are expanded
through the curved drum shell at right angles thereto; being first bent in order
that they may enter their headers D at the proper angles. By the method of
connecting the nipples C to the creased horizontal portion 13 and the curved
portion of the drum shell A the outer bent nipples are rendered more accessible
than the outer nipples in any outwardly dished crossbox and in order to admit of

page_text: the dishing of the steam and water drum shell A being done in a thorough
practical manner, those portions of the shell at the front and rear which are to be
dished are each made of two plates, butt-strapped at their meeting ends.
Referring to that portion of my invention relating to the shape of the
headers D, I make those of rectangular cross section as shown at Fig. (7), and
straight throughout their length instead of sinuous as heretofore practised, thus
dispensing with the necessity for using collapsible mandrils and avoiding the
expense and waste of time in manipulation, entailed by such mandrils, and in
order to direct the fire gases amongst the water tubes E in a sinuous course I
place at intervals in the manner shewn at Figs. (2) and (3) over these water
tubes E, firebricks F, extending the entire length of the tubes, which firebricks
act as baffles and give the effect of rows of tubes connected in sinuous shaped
headers. Between each row of tubes E, hinged cleaning doors G are fitted in the
side walls, at an angle to open inwardly, and arranged to close automatically
when the steam cleaning pipe is withdrawn.
Handholes H are also formed in the outer faces of the front and rear headers D
opposite each tube for easy access to the latter and are fitted with clamp and
cap forgings I, J, as shewn at Fig. (7) the head of the clamp I being inside the
header overlapping the handhole H and the stem passing outwards through the
handhole to the outer side of the cap J where it is secured by a cap nut K. The
header is recessed on its outer side around the handhole to receive a ring of
copper or other soft metal and the bearing face of the cap has a valve ring face
formed on it which bears upon the copper or other ring when the cap is screwed
up, thereby forming a water tight joint.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
(1) A water tube steam boiler, having a steam and water drum the under side
of which is, at both ends of the drum, dished or creased to such form that the
side portions of the crease form two distinct vertical or approximately vertical
planes, extending from the circumference to the interior of said drum, and the
upper or horizontal portion of which crease forms a chord to that are of the drum
from which the crease starts said chord being subtended by this are which joins
its extremities; straight headers, into which the usual water tubes are expanded
connected with said dished portion of the drum by nipples, and firebricks arranged
over the water tubes and extending the entire length of the tubes, in such a
manner as to direct the fire gases in a sinuous course amongst the tubes.
(2) In a water tube steam boiler a steam and water drum having a dished or
creased portion to which the headers are connected said creased portion being
formed by vertical or approximately vertical sides extending inwardly from the
circumference to the interior of the drum in vertical or approximately vertical
planes, and a horizontal portion forming a chord to that arc of the drum from
which the crease starts; said chord being subtended by this arc which joins its
extremities.
(3) In a water tube steam boiler, the arrangement of firebricks over the entire
length of the water tubes in order to direct the fire gases in a sinuous course
amongst the tubes.
(4) In a water tube steam boiler having headers to which the usual water tubes
are connected, and hand holes opposite these tubes, the combination with the
clamp and cap fittings of a recess formed round each of the hand holes and fitted
with a copper or other ring against which a valve ring face formed on the inner
surface of the cap bears in order to make a water tight joint.
B
1000
WM. D. HAMILTON.