IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jackson Ashworth, and George Ashworth,
both of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jackson Ashworth
and George Ashworth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 1st May 1875.
We, JOHN JACKSON ASHWORTH, and GEORGE ASHWORTH, both of
Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
WARPING," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to place all the warp threads straight
on the beam to facilitate the weaving, to simplify the machinery, to
reduce labour, and to economise space in the mill.
Our improved machinery consists of a creel containing the bobbins of
yarn and an upright staff with one or more rows of eyes through which
the ends of yarn are drawn, also of a reed with the alternate dents closed

page_text: for taking the lease; this reed is fixed to a segment for varying its
angle, the warp threads when drawn through the reed are taken between
two pillars fixed on a slide which is moved to and fro for taking the lease,
the warp then passes over an angle rod, the position of which can be
varied, to distribute a certain number of warp threads per inch in width;
the warp then passes over a fixed guide, then under a falling roller, and
then over a second roller, and thence it goes to the warp beam on which
it is wound.
The warp beam consists of a centre shaft and of seven or other con-
venient number of flanges which can be fixed at any distance apart by
set screws, there are also rods above the set screws and the warp is
wound on these rods. When the machine is at work the space between
two of the flanges is filled with warp, and when this space is full the
reed and all the parts connected to it are moved sideways, so as to bring
the warp opposite to the next pair of flanges, which is then filled, and so
on until all the beam is full. The full beam is then taken to the beaming
frame and there wound direct on to the weaver's beam.
The striker of the indicating bell for the first section of the beam is
driven by worms and pinions from the second roller above referred to,
and the remaining sections are indicated by a worm and wheel connected
to the warping beam..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Jackson Ashworth and George Ashworth,
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
JACKSON ASHWORTH, and GEORGE ASHWORTH, both of Pendleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Jackson Ashworth and George
Ashworth, Her special license, that we, the said John Jackson Ashworth

page_text: and George Ashworth, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Jackson Ashworth and George
Ashworh, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Jackson Ashworth and George
Ashworth, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six calendar
months, next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Jackson Ashworth and
George Ashworth, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is
to say) :-
The object of this Invention is to place all the warp threads perfectly
straight on the beam to prevent twisting, to facilitate the weaving, to
simplify the machinery, to reduce labour, and to economise space in the
mill.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, Fig. 2 a plan, and Fig. 3 a front view of our
improved machinery, which consists of a creel a mounted on wheels and
capable of being moved to and fro on rails fixed to the floor, this creel
contains the bobbins of yarn to be formed into a warp, b is an upright
staff with one or more rows of pot eyes through which the ends of yarn
are drawn, this staff is fixed to the creel and moves with it; c is a reed with
the alternate dents closed or of a shorter length for taking the lease as
usual; this reed is fixed to the segment c', which fits in a groove in the
block d³, fixed to the plate e, which is moved to and fro on the table ƒ,
by means of the handle e¹, shaft e², and pinion e³, gearing into the rack
f', fixed to the under side of the table f. The segment c¹ is for varying
the angle of the reed c, the warp threads when drawn through the reed.

page_text: are taken between the two pillars g, which are fixed on a slide in the
plate e, and this slide with the pillars are moved to and fro for taking
the lease, the warp after passing between the pillars g, passes over the
angle rod, forming part of the sector h', which fits in a groove in the
block i, sliding in the plate i, which is fixed to brackets bolted to the
frames j, bolted to the plate e; the position of the angle rod / can be
varied to distribute a certain number of warp threads per inch in width,
the warp threads after leaving the angle rod h pass over the roller k,
shewn on an enlarged scale in Fig. 4, which revolves in bearings in the
frame j, then under a falling roller 7, which is supported in sockets
fitting on the rods m, secured to the under side of the frames j. The
warp threads after passing under the roller 1, are taken over the roller n,
then under the roller o, then over the second roller n¹, and under the
second roller o¹, these rollers o, o¹, are supported in blocks and are pressed
down on to the warp threads by springs m¹ coiled around the upper ends of
the rods m, and these springs bear upon the plates m³, which are secured
by the small rods m³, into the bearings of the rollers o, o¹.
The tension of the springs m¹ can be varied by a milled screw nut, as
shown in Fig. 4, or otherwise. In order to lift the tension rollers o, o¹,
completely off the warp threads and simultaneously at both ends, we
apply the levers to the bosses of the plates m³, both levers being fixed
to a cross shaft passing through the standards j, the handle x is attached
to one of the levers x, and in this handle is a notch in which the catch
¹ takes when the rollers o, o¹, are raised to allow the warp threads to be
drawn back from off the warp beam. The warp threads after leaving the
roller o¹ are then taken over the indicating roller p, and thence to the
warp beam on which they are wound. The warp beam consists of a
centre shaft q¹ and of five or other convenient number of flanges q²,
which can be fixed at any distance apart by set screws through the
bosses of the flanges; there are also rods q³ passing through holes above
the bosses of the flanges q³, to form the core of the beam and the warp
is-wound on these rods. There are other holes in the flanges q², through
which the rods q³ can be passed to vary the circumference of the core as
may be convenient. The warp beam is driven by friction in the following
manner-To the driving pulley is fixed the pulley r¹, on which the
pulley 9 rests when the machine is in motion, but as soon as the warp
beam has to be stopped the attendant partly turns round the square.
shaft s, on which slides the hand wheel st; the worm s² fixed on the shaft

page_text: .
8, gears into the pinion t, fixed to the shaft t¹, on which is keyed the
eccentric, acting on a bush loose on the axle q¹. By this arrangement
the shaft q can be raised or lowered slowly or instantly to stop or start
the machine.
The mode of operation is as follows:-When the machine is at work
the space between the two first flanges q is filled with warp, and when
this space is full the reed c with all the parts connected to the plate e
are moved sideways by turning the handle e¹, so as to bring the warp
threads opposite the next pair of flanges, the creel must also be moved
to the same extent. The space between the second pair of flanges is
now supposed to be partly filled as shewn in Fig. 2, when this space is
filled the creel and all the parts are again moved to fill the third space,
and these operations are repeated until all the beam is full. The full
beam is then taken to the beaming frame and there wound direct on to
the weavers' beam; the pulley 7', shewn in Fig. 2, is for weighting the
beam when on the beaming frame.
The striker of the indicating bell u, for giving notice when the desired
length has been wound on the first section of the beam, is driven by
worms and pinions from the indicating roller p, as shewn in Figs. 2 and.
3, and the remaining sections are indicated by the worm and wheel v,
connected to the warping beam, as shewn best in Fig. 2; by this arrange-
ment we wind the same length in the same number of revolutions on the
second and following sections of the beam as on the first section.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described the
manner of performing the same, we declare that we claim,―
First. The general combination and arrangement of the parts forming
a machine for warping, as shewn and described.
Secondly. The improved mode of constructing the beam on which the
warp threads are wound with movable flanges and with a core formed
of movable rods, as shewn and described.
Thirdly. The application of two indicators to the warping machine,
one of which is actuated by the indicating roller p, and the other by the
warp beam, as shewn and described.
Fourthly. The improved arrangement of rollers, shewn best in Fig. 4,
for keeping the warp threads at a uniform tension.

page_text: And, lastly. The apparatus for stopping and starting the warp beam,
as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Jackson Ashworth and
George Ashworth, have hereto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-seventh day of October, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five.