Year: 1895

page_text: I, HENRY SEBASTIAN SCHAADT, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing in the City of St. Louis and State of Missouri, Machinist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to die punches and also to a process of and apparatus for
making punches. Its principal object is economy of labour and material and it
consists in the process and in the articles hereinafter described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings which form part of this Specification,
Figure 1 is an elevation of
made.
casting or rough blank from which the punch is
Figure 2 is a cross section of the "skinning" die with the punch blank or casting
in the process of being "skinned."
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively face views of the punch blank or casting before
and after it has been skinned and dressed; and
Figure 5 is a plan of the "skinning" die.
In carrying out my process, the metal blank, preferably of steel, is cast, forged
or otherwise formed as nearly as practicable of the shape and size of the punch to
be made. This casting or blank 1, includes the cutting or punching portion or
portions proper, 2, and the base portion, 3, on which the punching portion is
mounted integral therewith. The shank or stem, 4, is preferably integral with
the face portion of the punch, though it may be a separate piece fixed thereto in
any suitable manner. That portion, 2, of the casting or blank, 1, which is to be
finished off to co-operate with the corresponding die, is made very slightly larger
near the base, 3, than the size of the finished punch, and its sides taper more or
less toward one another so as to make the outer face of said casting or form
smaller than the face of the finished punch. The portion, 2, to be finished off
is then inserted into a die, 5, of the exact size and shape which the finished punch
is intended to have. As the outer face of the portion, 2, is smaller than this
die, 5, the portion to be finished off is well centred in the die, 5, before any of the
material is removed. This die, 5, is made in any suitable way, being the exact
counterpart of the punch to be made. Instead, however, of having a flat upper
face, as in the ordinary die, it is preferable to have its upper face raised or
inclined to the edges of the die opening, as shown in an exaggerated degree at 6, in
Figures 2 and 5, thus forming a sharper angle at such edges than in the ordinary
dies. For this purpose, where the upper face of the die is mainly flat, the portion
immediately around the die opening is raised above the general level of the upper
face of the die, being inclined upwardly therefrom to make an acute angle with
that side face of the die opening which it meets at the edge of the opening,

page_text: whether such side face is perpendicular or inclined to the general level of the
upper face. The portion, 2, to be finished off being thus centred in the die, 5, is
pressed or forced by any suitable means, such as a power press, into said die, 5, as
far as is necessary for the purpose hereinafter explained. The narrower outer
part of the portion, 2, to be finished easily enters the die, but when this portion
has entered so far that its sides bear against the edges of the die, 5, the further
inward movement brings the sides of the portion, 2, against the sharp edges of the
die, 5. These sharp edges act as planers or trimmers to plane off or "skin" the
sides of the portion, 2, in straight parallel lines. The shavings thus cut bear
against the inclined portions of the die face whereby they are turned or curved
back, as shown at 7, in Figure 2, and break off or are removed by any suitable
"skinned" is
means, as, for instance, by a file. The portion, 2, thus trimmed or
then finished by grinding or cutting off all of its tapering outer portion, which
served for centring it in the die, 5, down to a plane where all sides of the portion, 2,
have been planed off or "skinned" by the edges of the die 5, such a plane being
indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1. The portion, 2, is thus the exact counterpart
of the die, 5, and therefore is of the size and shape desired. Its depth, that is, the
distance it extends beyond the base, 3, is determined as in an ordinary die and the
punch is "skinned" almost, if not quite, to its base.
The punch may be finished off in any desired style, such as a shear edge by
making its face slightly inclined to its line of motion, or such as hollow face punch.
The die, with which this punch is intended to co-operate, may be made by any
suitable process, being of the size and shape of the die, 5, except as to the raised
edges of the opening.
In cutting stencils, many letters and characters require stays or small portions
left in the stencil blank to connect the portion forming the inner contour of the
character integrally with the outer portion. Punches for such characters provide
for the stays by open spaces, as shown at 8, thus practically separating the punch
into two parts or portions; and the "skinning" die therefor also has two openings
to match such portions. The portion of the face of the die near these opening- is
raised or inclined to the edges of the openings, as shown in Figure 2. So far as
the operation of "Skinning is concerned, each portion of the blank and its
curresponding die opening conct as a separate casting or blank; but where the
shavings of the two portions interfere, it becomes meessary to remove the shavings
hetoreting the toke and to begin the operation of "skinning "again where
it was left off.
The prisrival dvantage
practicilly
re its quickness and economy pul the
solute interchangeability of all perchés made from the sub die.
Date this 30th day of April 1895.
Improvements in or connected with Punches and Dies.
1, HENRY SEBASTIAN SCHAADT, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing in the City of St. Louis and State of Missouri, Machinist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to lip
performed to he portion'arly described and certained in and by the following
utatenient :-
My invention relate to die panche, and also to a proof and apprates for
making punches. Its principal object is economy of labour and material and it
consists in the process and in the articles hereinafter described and claimed.

page_text: In the drawings left with the Provisional Specification,
Figure 1 is an elevation of a casting or rough blank from which the punch is
made.
Figure 2 is a cross section of the "skinning" die with the punch blank or casting
in the process of being "skinned."
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively face views of the punch blank or casting before
and after it has been skinned and dressed; and
Figure 5 is a plan of the "skinning" die.
In carrying out my process, the metal blank, preferably of steel, is cast, forged
or otherwise formed as nearly as practicable of the shape and size of the punch to
be made. This casting or blank, 1, includes the cutting or punching portion or
portions proper, 2, and the base portion, 3, on which the punching portion is
mounted integral therewith. The shank or stem, 4, is preferably integral with
the base portion of the punch, though it may be a separate piece fixed thereto in
any suitable manner. That portion, 2, of the casting or blank, 1, which is to be
finished off to co-operate with the corresponding die, is made very slightly larger
near the base, 3, than the size of the finished punch, and its sides taper more or
less toward one another so as to make the outer face of said casting or form
smaller than the face of the finished punch. The portion, 2, to be finished off
is then inserted into a dic, 5, of the exact size and shape which the finished punch
is intended to have. As the outer face of the portion, 2, is smaller than this
die, 5, the portion to be finished off is well centred in the die, 5, before any of the
material is removed. This die, 5, is made in any suitable way, being the exact
counterpart of the punch to be made. Instead, however, of having a flat upper
face, as in the ordinary die, it is preferable to have its upper face raised or
inclined to the edges of the die opening, as shown in an exaggerated degree at 6, in
Figures 2 and 5, thus forming a sharper angle at such edges than in the ordinary.
dies. For this purpose, where the upper face of the die is mainly flat, the portion"
immediately around the die opening is raised above the general level of the upper
face of the die, being inclined upwardly therefrom to make an acute angle with
that side face of the die opening which it meets at the edge of the opening,
whether such side face is perpendicular or inclined to the general level of the
upper face. The portion, 2, to be finished off being thus centred in the die, 5, is
pressed or forced by any suitable means, such as a power press, into said die, 5, as
far as is necessary for the purpose hereinafter explained. The narrower outer
part of the portion, 2, to be finished easily enters the die, but when this portion
has entered so far that its sides bear against the edges of the die, 5, the further
inward movement brings the sides of the portion, 2, against the sharp edges of the
die, 5. These sharp edges act as planers or trimmers to plane off or "skin" the
sides of the portion, 2, in straight parallel lines. The shavings thus cut bear
against the inclined portions of the die face whereby they are turned or curved
back, as shown at 7, in Figure 2, and break off or are removed by any suitable
means, as, for instance, by a file. The portion, 2, thus trimmed or "skinned" is
then finished by grinding or cutting off all of its tapering outer portion, which
served for centring it in the die, 5, down to a plane where all sides of the portion, 2,
have been planed off or "skinned" by the edges of the die, 5, such a plane being
indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1. The portion, 2, is thus the exact counterpart
of the die, 5, and therefore is of the size and shape desired. Its depth, that is, the
distance it extends beyond the base, 3, is determined as in an ordinary die and the
punch is "skinned" almost, if not quite, to its base.
The punch may be finished off in any desired style, such as a shear edge by
making its face slightly inclined to its line of motion, or such as a hollow face
punch. The die, with which this punch is intended to co-operate, may be made
by any suitable process, being of the size and shape of the die, 5, except as to the
raised edges of the opening.
In cutting stencils, many letters and characters require stays or small portions
left in the stencil blank to connect the portion forming the inner contour of the

page_text: character integrally with the outer portion. Punches for such characters provide
for the stays by open spaces, as shown at 8, thus practically separating the punch
into two parts or portions; and the "skinning" die therefore also has two openings
to match such portions. The portion of the face of the die near these openings is
raised or inclined to the edges of the openings, as shown in Figure 2. So far as
the operation of "skinning" is concerned, each portion of the blank and its
corresponding die opening coact as a separate casting or blank; but where the
shavings of the two portions interfere, it becomes necessary to remove the shavings
before completing the stroke and to begin the operation of "skinning" again where
it was left off.
The principal advantages of this process are its quickness and economy and the
practically absolute interchangeability of all punches made from the same die.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is : :-
1. The process of making punches, which consists in forming a metallic blank of
approximately the shape of the punch to be made but slightly larger than such
punch, and forcing said blank into a die of the size and shape of the punch to be
made, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. The process of making punches, which consists in forming a metallic blank
consisting of a base and a projecting portion of the shape of but slightly larger
than the punch to be made, the sides of the outer part of said projecting portion
tapering so as to make the outer face thereof narrower than the punch to be made,
and forcing said projecting portion of said blank into a die which is the counterpart
of the punch to be made, and cutting off the narrower outer part of said projecting
portion, substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. The process of making punches, which consists in forming a metallic blank
of approximately the shape of the punch to be made, but slightly larger than such
punch, and forcing said blank into a die of the exact size and shape of the punch
to be made and whose face inclines upwardly to the edges of its opening, all
substantially as and for the purpose described.
4. The process of making punches which consists in easting a metallic blank of
approximately the shape but lightly larger than the punch to be made, and
forcing aid blank into a die which is the counterpart of the punch to be made,
substantially
5. A janch bland's consisting of bertant projecting mortion of the
Shape but lightly larger than the punch to be raade, the side, of said projecting
portion tapering to that the outer face of said projecting portion is stiller than
the punch to be made, substantially and for the purpose specified.
6. A die having the portion immediately around the die opening raised above
the general level of the upper face of the die, seid raised portion being inclined
upwardly from such general level to make an acute angle with the side face of the
die opening, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
7. A die having its upper face inclined upwardly to the edges of its opening,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 1st day of February 1896.
For the Applicant,
J. G. LORRAIN, M. Inst. E.E., M.I. Mech. E.,
Chartered Patent Agent.