An Improved Process for Drying, Desiccating, and Roasting.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for Drying, Desiccating, and Roasting.
I, CARL SALOMON, of the Town of Brunswick, in the German Empire, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to a process for drying, desiccating and roasting, the object
of which is to dry, desiccate or roast products or matter of all kinds by the
immediate and direct action of the products of combustion from a heating surface
or other source of warmth, so that it is possible to employ high temperatures and
carry out the operation in a comparatively very short time and attain a perfectly
uniformily dried, desiccated or roasted product
My improved process is carried out in the following manner The material to be
died, roasted or dessicated is fed into a suitably constructed apparatus, for instance,
such as Is described in a previous application (No 7149-April 29th 1889),
in the drum of which the said material is continuously kept in motion and in
suspension
The material to be treated is ted into the drun at the one end and the products
of consumption from a suitable furnace at the other end. so that the latter after
having passed through the material to be dried desiccated or roisted is led off with
the vaporised dampness out of the material, and the other gaseous or mechanically
separated matter at the opposite end of the apparatus
This direct action of the products of combustion on the material not only consider-
ably facilitates the drying, desiccating or roasting process but the materials or
products are more uniformly treated than can be effected in apparatus in which drum
is heated from the exterior
The temperature for carrying out my improved process can be regulated in the
apparatus according to the material under treatment by means of a suitable throttle
valve or damper in the tube or canal leading from the heater to the apparatus or by
introducing atmospheric air, said air tube being also provided with a suitable throttle
valve, flap or damper.
In order to be able to employ high temperatures for carrying out the drying,
desiccating or 1oasting process more advantageously and rapidly than heretofore,
said high temperatures being easily attainable from the heating device it is necessary
that the ignition or charring of the matter or material treated be prevented in case
the ignition or charing temperaturo is lower than that at which the process is to
be carried out.
This is effected according to my invention by introducing into the canal or tube
for leading the hot products of combustion into the drum. carbonic acid or other
indifferent gas or matter which under the action of the products of combustion or by
reciprocative action on each other will evolve an indifferent gas which will act in
a similar manner to carbonic acid gas in preventing the ignition or charring of the
material treated notwithstanding that the temperature of the products of combustion
employed may be considerably higher than the temperature at which such said
ma erial will under ordinary circumstances ignite
By employing my improved process I am enabled to use very high temperatures
whereby the treatment is effected with enormous rapidity and is, with many materials
such as coffee cocoa and many other substances, completed in a few minutes
The carbonic acid gas mixed with the gaseous products of combustion operate not
only in the sense of the foregoing description by permitting the employment of very
high temperatures for drying desiccating or roasting, but the action of the same is

page_text: of further great importance as the same give the matter or materials treated the
valuable properties of durability and unchangeability for storage and use.
Instead
of employing the gaseous products of combustion coming direct from the place of
combustion the drying, desiccating or roasting process can be carried out by employing
heated or superheated air or according to the kind of material to be treated, any other
appropriate superheated gas in combination with carbonic acid gas or other indifferent
gas for preventing the ignition, burning on charring of the materials under treatment,
or heated carbonic acid gas itself can be used without deputing from the nature of
my invention.
The aforedescribed process can be carried out in apparatus such as are in use for
drying, desiccating or roasting but it is important that the material be treated
in an apparatus in which the said material is held in suspension in order that the
action of the products of combustion or other gas may be perfectly uniform and
intensive.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, what I claim is:-
An improved process for drying, desiccating and roasting by the direct action of
the gaseous products of combustion on the matter or material to be dried, desiccated
or roasted, which said material is held in free suspended movement in conjunction
with the simultaneous introduction of atmospheric air for producing a low drying
temperature of carbonic acid or other indifferent gas or matters or materials which
produce the same for preventing the ignition or charring of the materials or matter
under treatment when products of combustion of high temperature are employed for
rapidly carrying out my improved process of desiccating or roasting, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this Sixth day of May 1880
CARL SALAMON.
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, Agent.