Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Beer.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1894-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Beer.
I, ANDREW WORTHINGTON BILLINGS of 33 Caufield Gardens in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates more particularly to improvements in the apparatus
described in Specification 8952, although it is applicable with slight modifications
to other forms of apparatus. The invention is particularly intended for the boiling
stage of beer manufacture. It has heretofore been the custom to discharge the
liquor and the hops into a separate vessel in which the hops are strained off
after which they are returned to the first vessel and there submitted to a second
boiling.
According to the present invention it is proposed to provide the bottom of the
converting tank with a heavy piece or plate of iron or steel provided with the usual
discharge and wash out openings. The top of said plate is slightly recessed,
and resting on the ledge of such recess are the edges of a straining plate supported
by suitable feet or by other means and held in position by screws or clamps. The
straining plate may advantageously be made of copper and is perforated or slotted
so as to act as a strainer. In order to prevent the holes from being clogged by the
hops it is frequently found advantageous to countersink or cut away the under side
of the openings so as to present but a thin film of metal at the smallest part of the
hole or perforation. The straining plate may be made in sections in order that
after the second boiling that part of the strainer which is over the discharge or
wash-out-pipe may be removed and the hops readily discharged from the
converter.
When using this invention in connection with the apparatus described in the said
prior Specification after the first boiling the discharge valve is opened and the
strained beer is delivered thereby. The discharge valve being then closed and
fresh wort admitted, and the hops again boiled, the discharge pipe being again
opened, after which the sparge pipes at the top of the apparatus play upon the
hops and wash out any remaining beer held thereby.
D
3.1. 60-] 1. of Cantonalak 1902
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Beer.
I, ANDREW WORTHINGTON BILLINGS formerly of 33 Canfield Gardens in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, now of.30 Moorgate Street, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates more particularly to improvements in the apparatus
described in Specification 8952, although it is applicable with slight modifications
to other forms of apparatus. The invention is particularly intended for the boiling
stage of beer manufacture:

page_text: It has heretofore been the custom to discharge the liquor and the hops into a
separate vessel in which the liquor is strained from the hops, which latter are
frequently returned to the first vessel and there submitted to a second boiling.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of part of the bottom of the vessel.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line -x.
According to the present invention it is proposed to provide the bottom of the
converting tank A with a heavy piece or plate of iron or steel provided with the
usual discharge and wash out openings B, C. The top of said plate is slightly
recessed, and resting on the ledge of such recess are the stiffened edges of a
straining plate D supported by suitable feet E, or by other means, and held in
position by screws or clamps. The straining plate may advantageously be made
of copper and is perforated or slotted as indicated at I so as to act as a strainer.
In order to prevent the holes from being clogged by the hops it is frequently found
advantageous to countersink or cut away the under side of the openings so as to
present but a thin film of metal at the smallest part of the hole or perforation.
The straining plate may be made in sections in order that after the second boiling
that part of the strainer which is over the discharge or wash-out-pipe may be
removed and the hops readily discharged from the converter, and also for
convenience of handling. Or if preferred the strainer D need not cover discharge
opening B, the valve G of which is brought as close to the bottom of the converter
as possible so that but a small quantity of beer will be lost when the hops are
discharged, while to prevent any hops passing out through the then beer
discharge C a circular straining plate would be carried up from opening B to the
bottom of strainer D.
When using this invention as a converter as described in the said prior
Specification (where it is referred to as a tank shell or casing) the strainer plates
are removed the space beneath being so slight that it does not affect the formation
of the mash which owing to the revolution of the blades is kept thoroughly
agitated. After the mash has been made in the converter it is at once discharged
into the filter tub, as described in said prior Specification. Water is then injected
through the sparge pipe, side inlet holes, or by hose and the stirrers set in motion
which thoroughly cleanses the interior of the converter before any residuum can
become baked or cemented to its inner surface. The strainer plate or plates are
then inserted in place and properly secured when the apparatus is ready for use as
a boiling vessel, kettle or copper for which owing to its great heating surface it is
especially adapted. The clear wort from the filter tub or vessel is now pumped
directly into the converter now being used as a boiling kettle and the admission of
steam through the jacket regulated so as to maintain the wort at the required
temperature. When sufficient wort has been collected the stirrers are set in motion
and the hops are added. I have found it advantageous to maintain the revolving
of the stirrers during boiling. It gives an added agitation, the wort is thrown or
forced in contact with the heated surface of the vessel, the hops being drawn or
forced through the boiling wort become thoroughly disintegrated without being
broken so as to prevent or interfere with the subsequent filtration, the full amount
of extractive matter is obtained, the coagulation of the albuminoids assisted, the
froth is beaten down and the over boiling retarded if not entirely prevented.
The degree of boiling is easily regulated by the steam pressure admitted into the
jacket and may be very fast or slow, may also be accomplished under pressure
of any required degree, frequently considered desirable when unmalted material is
used, or as an open vessel without pressure. After completing the boil steam is
shut off and by passing cold water through the jacket the hot boiling mass is rapidly
cooled the apparatus thus being used as a surface cooler. When the desired
temperature is obtained the stirrers are stopped-the hops allowed to settle, when
the clear filtered wort is drawn or strained off the hops sparged out-the apparatus
now being used as a hop back from which the spent hops are removed and the
vessel being cleansed is ready for a renewal of the entire operation.

page_text: When a double boil is desired after the first boiling the beer discharge valve in
this case through C is opened and the strained beer is delivered thereby. The
discharge valve being then closed and fresh wort admitted and the hops again
boiled, the said discharge pipe being again opened, after which the sparge pipes at
the top of the apparatus play upon the hops and wash out any remaining beer held
thereby.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
The improved apparatus for the manufacture of beer capable of being used either
as a converter, a boiling kettle or a hop back, said apparatus being provided with a
bottom strainer and with discharge and wash-out-pipes, all substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
Dated the 05th day of Lune 1904
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicant.