IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1886.
Complete Left, 12th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 14th Oct., 1887
I WILLIAM HENRY WOOD Mechanical Engineer Cradley Heath in the County of
Stafford do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the combination of parts hereinafter described, forming
and constituting a boiler, suitable and convenient for quickly generating steam, at the
minimum of outlay in fuel.
In carrying out my invention 1 build my outer case or shell of any suitable
configuration, which may be of a circular or other suitable transverse section.
I form my fire box in the lower portion of the boiler, of suitable and convenient
dimensions: so far the construction of the boiler has proceeded on the usual mechanical
lines. I next introduce what constitutes the special feature of the combination, that is
to say I introduce a tube across or through the fire box: this tube will be henceforward
called the circulation tube; in some cases I use two or more circulation tubes.
The external diameter or configuration of the fire box would be considerably less
than the internal diameter of the configuration of the shell of the boiler, thus leaving
a continuous passage or space between the outer wall or shell of the fire box and the
inner wall or shell of the boiler.
The circulating tube in a ten feet vertical boiler would be about 24 inches diameter,
more or less: the circulating tubes passing across the fire box, would terminate and
be secured to the shell of the fire box by means of rivets or by expanding or by any
other suitable means whereby a watertight compartment can be formed.
From each horizontal circulating tube would rise a vertical tube corresponding in
dimensions to the horizontal circulating tube. The vertical portion would support the
arch of the fire box and open into the boiler proper.
It will now be readily understood that the heating water contained within the shell
of the boiler proper will cover the external dome or top of the fire box, and also
completely surround the said fire box: it will also be readily understood that the
heating water in the boiler proper will circulate and pass down the vertical circulating
tube through the horizontal circulating tube across the fire from one side of the boiler

page_text: to the other continuously. The placing of the circulating tube or tubes immediately
over the fire is of itself a quick and ready means of heating the water that circulates
through the said tubes, so far the mere placing of a tube or tubes across the fire box
I do not claim to be particularly new or original.
The new and original part consists essentially and particularly in providing a
combustion chamber outside the external shell of the boiler and a smoke stack outside
the shell of the boiler on the opposite side to the combustion chamber and then
connecting the combustion chamber to the smoke box and stack by means of a group
of tubes. This group of tubes would pass through the circulating tube from the
combustion chamber to the smoke box and stack. The ends of these tubes would be
expanded or secured to the wall or side of the combustion chamber and to the wall
or side of the smoke box: a suitable and convenient passage would be formed and
made from the fire box to the combustion chamber thus it will be apparent that the
action of a boiler constructed in the manner hereinbefore described would be
as follows:
The fire on the bars in the fire box would ascend and encircle (and thus heat) the
circulating tube or tubes, passing upwards it would be drawn through the only outlet
namely the passage leading into the combustion chamber from whence it would be
drawn through the group or groups of tubes into the smoke box and out at the stack
or funnel. The group of tubes inside each circulating tube of a boiler of the
dimensions hereinbefore mentioned would number about 40 more or less, and it is from
this group of tubes passing through the water contained in the circulating tube or
tubes that a tremendous amount of heat is extracted, therefore the combination of the
group of tubes passing through the circulating tube or tubes in the manner described
forms and constitutes my invention.
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, Corporation Street, Birmingham,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: I WILLIAM HENRY WOOD of Cradley Heath in the County of Worcester, Boiler
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in the combination of parts hereinafter described, forming
and constituting a boiler, suitable and convenient for quickly generating steam, at the
minimum of outlay in fuel.
In carrying out my invention I build my outer case or shell of any suitable
configuration, which may be of a circular or other suitable transverse section.
I form my fire box in the lower portion of the boiler, of suitable and convenient
dimensions. So far the construction of the boiler has proceeded on the usual
mechanical lines. I next introduce what constitutes the special feature of the
combination that is to say, I introduce a tube across or through the fire box: this tube
will be henceforward called the circulating tube; in some cases I use two or more
circulating tubes.
The external diameter or configuration of the fire-box would be considerably less
than the internal diameter of the configuration of the shell of the boiler, thus leaving
a continuous passage or space between the outer wall or shell of the fire box and the
inner wall or shell of the boiler.
The circulating tube in a ten feet vertical boiler would be about 24 inches diameter,
more or less. The circulating tubes passing across the fire box, would terminate, and
be secured to the shell of the fire-box by means of rivets, or by expanding, or by any
other suitable means whereby a watertight compartment can be formed.
From each horizontal circulating tube would rise a vertical tube corresponding in
dimensions to the horizontal circulating tube. The vertical portion would support the
arch of the fire box and open into the boiler proper.
It will now be readily understood that the heated water contained within the shell of
the boiler proper will cover the external dome or top of the fire box, and also
completely surround the said fire-box; it will also be readily understood that the
heated water in the boiler proper will circulate and pass down the vertical_circulating
tube across the fire from one side of the boiler to the other continuously. The placing
of the circulating tube or tubes immediately over the fire is of itself a quick and ready
means of heating the water that circulates through the said tubes; so far the mere
placing of a tube or tubes across the fire box I do not claim to be particularly new or
original.
The new and original part of my invention consists essentially and particularly in
furnishing a combustion chamber outside the external shell of the boiler, and a smoke
stack outside the shell of the boiler on the opposite side to the combustion chamber,
and then connecting the combustion chamber to the smoke-box and stack by means of
a group or cluster of tubes. This group of tubes would pass through the circulating

page_text: tube from the combustion chamber to the smoke box and stack. The ends of these
tubes would be expanded or secured to the wall or side of the combustion chamber
and to the wall or side of the smoke box: a suitable and convenient passage would be
formed and made from the fire box to the combustion chamber, thus it will be apparent
that the action of a boiler constructed in the manner herein before described would be 5
as follows:
The fire on the bars in the fire box would ascend and encircle (and thus heat) the
circulating tube or tubes: passing upwards it would be drawn through the only outlet
namely the passage leading into the combustion chamber from whence it would be
drawn through the group or cluster of tubes into the smoke box and out at the stack
or funnel. The group or cluster of tubes inside each circulating tube of a boiler of
the dimensions herein before mentioned would number about 40 more or less, and it is
from this group of tubes passing through the water contained in the circulating tube
or tubes that a great increase of heat is rapidly extracted.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the
manner in which my invention is constructed and used.
Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of my improved boiler shewing two
circulating tubes and 4 vertical tubes.
Figure 2 represents a section of figure 1 at A A.
Figure 3 represents a section of figure 1 at B B.
Figure 4 represents a sectional elevation of my improved boiler showing the bottom
circulating tube provided with a group of tubes communicating with the combustion
chamber and the smoke box.
Figure 5 is a transverse section of figure 4 at (C.
Figure 6 is a transverse section of figure 4 at D D.
In constructing my improved boiler I proceed in the following manner.
I provide the case or shell as represented at figures 1 and 2 and form the fire box b
as represented, to which is connected the two horizontal circulating tubes c and c¹.
To the horizontal circulating tube c I connect the vertical tubes d and d¹, and to the
horizontal circulating tube c¹ I connect the vertical tubes e and e¹. So far the
arrangement of the circulating and vertical tubes illustrated at figures 1-3-4-6 are
identical. I afterwards vary the construction of the boiler. In some cases providing
the main smoke uptake leading into the funnel g, together with the supplementary
smaller uptake pipes h as shown at figures 1 and 2. In other cases providing the
downtake flue-pipe or passage f¹ leading into the combustion chamber from whence
the fire and smoke is conveyed through the group of tubes provided in the bottom
transverse circulating tube c thence through the Hue in the direction of the arrow
and thence through the group or cluster of tubes contained in the top transverse
circulating tube and up through the chimney or shaft g2 which is marked in dotted
lines on figure 4. When using only one circulating tube c the smoke and flame would
enter at from the combustion chamber as shown at figures 4 and 5 into the bottom
end or smoke box m, of the chimney or flue g' from whence the smoke and flame would
pass up through the said chimney or flue g¹.
In some cases I can fix the downtake flue or smoke passage f¹ between the external
surface of the fire box and the internal surface of the shell of the boiler as shewn at f
figure 7 in such cases the plate or plates forming the fire-box-shell can be shaped as
shewn at p and thus leave ample room for the downtake flueƒ³.
The combination of the vertical circulating tubes d-d' with the horizontal circulating
tubes c-c¹ is clearly set forth in my provisional specification and forms an important
part of my invention, the supplementary smoke tubes in conjunction with the main
smoke passage fare provided for, the purpose of distributing and radiating heat
through the water contained in the boiler above the crown n of the smoke box.
The moveable plates o-o¹ can be taken off and thus provide means for conveniently
cleaning the tubes j-j.
The group of tubes ; and j³ passing through the circulating tubes e and c¹ are
provided for the purpose of distributing and radiating heat through the water passing
along the circulating tubes c and c¹.

page_text: Although only 4 supplementary vertical circulating tubes are shown I may in the
building of large sized boilers use any convenient number of such tubes. I do not
confine myself to using two horizontal circulating tubes c and cas in some cases
I prefer to use only one tube and in other cases in the building of large sized boilers
may use three or more tubes together with their vertical connections.
I
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is.
1st The invention as illustrated and described.
2nd In a boiler of circular or other transverse section the combination of transverse
circulating tubes similar to c and c¹ with vertical circulating tubes similar to d-d² and
ee inside the fire box in conjunction the shell a of a boiler.
3 In a boiler of circular or other transverse section the combination of transverse
circulating tubes with vertical circulating tubes as illustrated and described in reference
to c-cd d'eel figures 1-2-3-4-5-6 in conjunction with the group or cluster of
tubes for the purpose of conveying and transmitting heat to the water passing
through the said circulating tubes.
4 The combination of the supplementary smoke uptake tubes h with the crown of
the smoke box and funnel of a boiler as illustrated and described in reference to
Figure 1.
DL: 1011 1
1
1007