Improvements in Saws.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 189!-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
Improvements in Saws.
I, JOHN BOWLES, of 1445, Q Street, Washington, District of Columbia, United
States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWS," and in what manner the same is to be performed.
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in saws, and the objects of the invention
are to plane and smooth the surfaces of the wood as it is cut by the saw, to shave
or pare the wood at the initial cutting operation instead of ripping or tearing the
wood as with ordinary saws, and to compress and polish one or both surfaces of the
wood, whereby a saving in time and labour is effected as it is not necessary to
re-handle the work to plane and smooth it after it has been sawed and the saw is
made to operate with less friction and greater efficiency.
With these ends in view, my invention consists of a saw and planer having the
teeth provided with planer edges which project more or less beyond the side or sides
or one or both lateral faces of said teeth; secondly in a saw tooth provided with a
lancet point that projects beyond or forward of the planer edge of the tooth, and
which lancet point is so disposed that it operates to give the initial cut of the tooth
so as to pare or shave the wood; and thirdly in a saw tooth having a planing sur-
face on one or both sides thereof and a compressing and polishing surface arranged
interiorily within the planing surface.
In Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings, I have shown my improve-
ment applied to a circular saw, but I do not restrict myself to this kind of saw as
the improvement is equally applicable to reciprocating saws, or a band saw, or a
hand saw, or any other kind of saw.
In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of a portion of a circular saw having the teeth
provided with planer edges. Figure 2 is an edge view of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a
side view of a portion of a saw having its teeth formed with planer edges. Figure 4
is a front view, on an enlarged scale, of one of the teeth shown in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a front view of a saw having each of its teeth provided with a planing
surface and a compressing and polishing surface. Figure 6 is an enlarged detail
view of one of the teeth shown in Figure 5. Figure 7 is an enlarged view, in side
elevation, of another form of saw tooth having planer edges on both sides of the
tooth and Figure 8 is a front view on an enlarged scale of one of the teeth shown in
Figure 7.
A designates the saw, which may
be either a circular saw, or a reciprocating saw,
or a band saw, or any other kind of saw and B B' are the teeth which are of any
preferred kind, angle or shape.
In the saw shown in Figures 3 and 4, every alternate tooth, B, is beveled in one
direction, and on one side, as at b, such bevel extending nearly the whole length of
the tooth, while the intervening tooth B' likewise has its edge beveled or inclined,
as at ', but in the reverse direction to the inclination of the bevel b. The edges
at the extreme forward portion of the teeth formed by beveling or inclining the
same at b, b', are forced or swaged so as to project beyond the sides or lateral faces
of the teeth, to form the planer edges C, see Figure 4, the planer edge C on the
tooth B extending laterally in one direction and the planer C on the adjacent
tooth B' extending laterally from the tooth in the opposite direction. Each tooth
is further provided with another bevel d on the reverse side to the incline or
bevel, b or b' and said bevels d and bor b¹ converge as shown to form a lancet

page_text: point D which projects forward beyond the planing edge or edges Cand acts to pare
or shave the wood, at the initial, cut of the tooth, thereby avoiding the tearing or
ripping of the wood attending the use of the common saw.
The saw constructed as shown and hereinbefore described is especially adapted
for sawing and planing pine wood or other varieties of wood' having resinous matter,
and the saw cuts the wood and at the same time planes the surfaces of the wood on
both sides of the kerf made in cutting the wood.
In sawing hard woods, however, such as walnut and other kinds free from resinous
matter, the tooth shown in Figures 7 and 8 may be employed. Each tooth of the
saw, in this instance, is the same in construction, and the tooth has the lancet
point D at the cutting point and two planers, C, C, which project or flare laterally
from opposite sides or faces of the tooth, see Figure 8. In the practical opera-
tion of constructing the saw tooth with planer edges on both sides, I make a
longitudinal groove or recess e in the front edge or face of the tooth, which
groove extends from the base of the tooth to the lancet point thereof; and,
after the groove has been formed, a swage is inserted in the groove and by
pressure of the swage or implement the metal is bent or forced out to form
the planers C, C, which project more or less beyond the sides or faces of the
tooth.
1 also provide means for compressing and polishing the surfaces of the wood
as well as, planing the same at the same time that the sawing takes place; and
in Figures 5 and 6 I have shown the planing surface E extending beyond the
plane of the side of the tooth and the compressing and polishing. surface. El
arranged also on the side of the tooth, and interiorily within the planing surface E.
The compressing and polishing surface may be arranged in line with the planing
surface, or it may be out of vertical line with said planing. surface but it is
arranged interiorily within. the same. The two surfaces. 'E Emay be formed
in any convenient manner. As indicated in Figure 5, the surfaces. E E on-the
tooth are on one, side of the tooth and on the adjacent teeth said surfaces are
on the opposite side; thus, the surfaces on alternate teeth are on one side of
the plane of the saw blade and. on the intervening teeth the surfaces are on the
opposite side of the saw blade, whereby the work is planed; and, compressedt and
polished, by the protruding surfaces on the saw teeth while the board is being
sawed.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I, declare that what, I
claim is:
1. A saw.and, planer having the teeth provided with planing edges, substan-
tially as described.
2. A saw having the teeth provided with the lancet point forming the cutting
edges, substantially as described.
3. A saw and planer, having the teeth provided with the flared planer-edges
and, the lancet point at the apex of the tooth, substantially as described.
4. A saw and planer having the tooth B provided with the bevel on one side, and
the tooth B' having the corresponding bevel 61 on the opposite side, each tooth
having another.bevel d on the opposite side.and said bevels converging to form the
lancet point, D, substantially as described.
5. A saw and planer having the teeth provided with lancet-point-D and the
beveled edges which are extended: beyond the face or side of the tooth-and-form the
planer edge C. substantially as described.
6. A. saw and planer, having the central groove at the front of the tooth, and the
planer edge.C at the side of the tooth, substantially as described.
7. A saw and planer having the central groove in the front of each tooth, and the
planer edges. C C extending beyond the side faces of the tooth, substantially as
described.

page_text: 8. A saw and planer having the planing surface on one side and the compressing
and polishing surface arranged interiorily within said planing surface, substantially
as described.
Dated this 10th 1
1001
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
JOHN BOWLES.
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.