Improvements in and relating to Gas and Petroleum Engines, partly applicable to other Fluid Pressure Motors.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 5th Aug., 1899
Improvements in and relating to Gas and Petroleum Engines, partly
applicable to other Fluid Pressure Motors.
I, HENRIK AUGUST BERTILEAU, of Flemminggatan 47, Stockholm, in the
Kingdom of Sweden, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement
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This invention relates firstly to a device for putting in motion and the regulation
of gas and petroleum engines and specially for such gas and petroleum engines
in which the motion can easily be changed from a four stroke cycle into a two-
stroke cycle, and vice versa as in applicant's former Patent No 686 of
10th January 1898 According to the present invention the regulation takes
place in the same way as in other motors of that kind, it is by aid of a regulation
rod, which co-operates partly with the outlet valve of the cylinder, partly with the
inlet valve of the pressure gas receiver, and which is put in motion from a
crank disc placed on a middle shaft gearing with the crank shaft of the engine
The said regulating device is illustrated in the annexed drawing adapted to a
horizontal cylinder petioleum engine working in fourstroke cycle, in Fig 1 in
elevation and in Fig 2 in plan
M18 a regulating iod which as is common with fourstroke regulation is carried
to and fro once while the engine is making two revolutions
This regulating rod M passes through two beating boxes N and N' and pro-
vided with a fork shaped elevation 0 and with a disc P, which may be regulated
by means of screws Pl and P" In the said fork shaped elevation O on the
regulating rod the one end Q¹ of a rocking arm Q Q enters, the other free end
of which is situated straight over the spindle R of the outlet valve S on the
cylinder The 10ching arm Q Q¹ is secured to a pivot T excentrically journalled
on the starting lever T Straight below the rocking arm Q, Q¹, there is an
inlet valve U to the pressure gas receiver M' The parts are thus adjusted,
that if the lever T 18 in the position shown on the drawing, and the arm Q Q¹ is
brought into oscillating motion by aid of the regulating rod, neither the part Q'
of the rocking aim will come in contact with the inlet valve of the pressure gas
eceiver, nor the part Q in contact with the outlet valve of the cylinder If on
the contrary the lever T 18 let down to the position 2 the 1ocking arm (in con-
sequence of the excentric position of the bolt T with relation to the centre of
motion of the lever) is lowered so that not only will an elevation Q² on the part Q¹
come into contact with a wheel V³, but also when the rocking arm has been turned
around the pivot, the part Q will come in contact with the outlet valve spindle of
the cylindei, which is forced down by the same, so that the valve is opened

page_text: For every stroke of the regulating rod to the left the inlet valve of the pressure
gas receiver 18 thus first opened and pressure gas enters behind the piston in the
cylinder At the continued motion of the iod in the same direction, the outlet
valve is then opened and the consumed gas escapes during the next stroke of the
piston
At the motion of the 1od to the night the inlet valve is opened, but the part Q
of the rocking aim has before that been raised so much, that the outlet valve
has been shut As soon as the inlet valve has again been shut off, the above said
disc P on the regulating rod has again come into contact with the one end of
another rocking arm V V₁ movable around a fixed bolt V The outer free end
of the part V 18 situated straight over the outlet valve of the cylinder and can
also force down its spindle
Hence when the regulating rod is carried still more to the right, the rocking
arm VV 18 turned around the bolt V, whereby the part V is carried down-
wards and forces the spindle of the outlet valve downwards In the aforesaid
position of the lever the outlet valve will thus be alternately opened by the rocking
arm QQ and V V namely by the arm QQ when the rod is passing to the left,
and by the arm VV' when it is passing to the right. The engine thus opens the
outlet valve for every stroke; thus it works in two stroke cycle At the position 1
of the lever T shown on the drawing, when the rocking arm as said, co-operates
neither with the inlet valve for the pressure gas not with the outlet valve fiom
the working cylinder, the outlet valve is thus opened only when the rod is moving
to the right, that is to sav, only once for every second revolution of the motor and
the motion will then be that common for fouistioke engines.
When the motor 18 to be put in motion the motor crank ought first to be
adjusted, so that the engine, if the two stroke regulation is attached, is under a
working stroke This is effected by turning the flywheel by hand When the
Crank has thus been adjusted in its night position, the level T 18 forced down to
the position and the inlet valve of the pressure gas receiver 18 opened (the
motor 18 under a working stioke) and gas under pressure enters the cylinder,
putting the piston in motion As above said, the engine will hereby work in
two stroke cycle As soon as the engine has attained such a rapidity that a com-
pression of the gas mixture might take place, the level T 18 released and by a
spring brought back to the position shown in full lines, whereby the supply of
pressure gas ceases and an explosive gas mixture is sucked in from the vaporizor
and the machine works in fourstroke cycle.
With regard to the reversing device, it is principally noteworthy that the
diving parts occurring within the slide o valve regulation, such as toothed
wheels, eccentrics etc., are not moved from their position during the reversing,
but this will be the case with only a small number of parts belonging to the
device The device is consequently very simple in its construction and very easy
to operate
Fig 3 of the diawing shows the device viewed from the side and Fig 4 18 a
vertical section of same on the line a¹, 61, of Fig 3 Fig 5 illustrates a diagram
of the motions in the different positions for for wards" and "back" and Fig 6
shows a modification As the device is here illustrated and described the device
is intended for a fourstroke petroleum motor.
From the shaft r of the motor the motion is brought to the shaft c by the toothed
wheels and h The shaft 18 jounalled in the machine frame q and supports
at its one end the crank disc provided with the crank pin which by aid of the
crank od bungs the motion over to the crank rod e, which as shown by the
drawing, forms an angle against the former The crank 1od c is in its turn
connected with the slide on regulating rod f
The point of conjunction between the crank roda d and c is by means of turnable
links & connected with the reversing rod a which is turnable around the part of the
machine frame a surrounding the shaft c
When the crank shaft is thus notating according to the diagram in Fig 5

page_text: "
the conjunction point between the crank rods is put in an almost radial motion to
and fro with relation to the shaft e, which causes a movement in longitudinal
direction of the crank rod e and the slide and valve rod connected therewith
The position of the parts shown in Fig. 3 and with full lines in Fig. 5
corresponds to "forwards." The reversing of the motion to "back is effected
by carrying the lever a over to the position 2 whereby the parts occupy the
position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5 The point of conjunction between the
crank rods d and e has thereby been removed to the other side of the middle line
of the slide or regulating 1od, and as shown by Fig 5, the regulating rod has not
as at the forwards motion of the motor, its turning point when the crank pin d
is situated in the point z but when the same passes the point y The to and fro
motion of the regulating rod has thus been moved with relation to the rotation of
the crank pin
If this movement is adjusted according to the angle of advance
(the lead) of the crank, the motor 18 regulated for back."
The essential features of the descubed device are thus, as has been already
stated, that the crank or eccentric s stands still while the lead is changed by
Awinging the end of the crank rod turned from the crank, which in spite of the
swinging is always in combination with the valve rod by means of the crank
rod e.
The device may thus be said to consist therein, that the crank rod de has been
provided with links which are carried on the one or other side of the middle line
of the valve rod, thereby changing the angle of advance (the lead)
As will be seen from the diagram, the motion of the point of conjunction of
the crank rods will not be rectilinear, but on a cui ve the middle point of which is
the point of fastening the link 6 to the lever a The said motion can however be
quite rectilinear in the duertion of the radius, if namely such arrangements are
made as are shown in Fig. 6 The lever a 18 thereby provided with a radial
groove or guide m in which a cross head p provided with pivots for the levers d
and e runs
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
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1 In gas and petroleum engines in which the putting in motion is effected
by changing the regulation from a four stroke cycle to a twostroke cycle and by
letting in pressure gas from a receiver, and in which the outlet valve during the
normal motion of the motor is opened in the common way once for every second
stroke of the motor, either by the regulating 1od directly operating the spindle of
the outlet valve, or for instance by a rocking arm co-operating with the regulating
spindle, the arrangement being such that the regulating rod (M) co-operates with
a rocking arm, consisting of two branches (QQ1) situated straight before the
inlet valve (U) of the pressure gas receiver and which can be raised and lowered,
the one branch (Q¹) of which is provided with a projecting pait (Q) head or such
like intended for opening the inlet valve (U¹) of the gas receiver (M) and the
other branch of which (Q) opens the outlet valve (8) of the cylinder and the
rocking arm (QQ) in the one end position, successively opens both these
valves (US) at the motion of the 10d (M) in the one direction, but only the inlet
valve (U) for the pressure gas at the motion of the rod (M) in the opposite
direction, whilst in the other end position, neither the inlet valve (U¹) nor the
outlet valve (S) come in contact with the rocking arm (Q Q¹) at the to and fro
motion of the regulating rod (M)
2 A device for reversing the direction of rotation in motors, which are driven
by steam or combustible gases, characterised thereby that a crank or eccentric (s)
journalled in the machine frame brings over the motion to a slide or valve rod (f)
by means of a crank rod, provided with links which is connected with the
reversing rod (a) in such a way that at the reversing of the same in the one or
other direction depending upon in what direction the motor is rotating, the

page_text: crank rod link will be situated on the one or other side of the middle line of the
Blide or valve rod.
Dated this 29th day of December 1898
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C, London.