An Improved Carriage Spring.
Year: 1886

page_text: FRUVIDIONAL DI ECIFICATION.
An Improved Carriage Spring.
I CHARLES SANDFORD WINDOVER Carriage Manufacturer, of George Street
Huntingdon, in the County of Huntingdon, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
am
a
My Invention consists of an improved Carriage spring which is in principle
combination of the Cee and elliptic spring, and by the application of which I
enabled to secure the many palpable advantages hitherto attained only by the use of
Cee and underspring perch Carriages. Of the Sheet of Drawings illustrating my
said Invention, Fig. B represents an elevation of my spring. (1) The Cee spring.
(2) The Elliptic spring, and (3) the connecting stay or Governor, connecting the two
springs together. Fig. A represents the application of my said Invention to a four-
wheel carriage. H shewing the connection of my said springs to the hind part of the
carriage, and J. showing the connection to the fore part. My invention is equally
applicable to two wheel carriages. Fig. C. represents a transverse elevation of either
the front or hind carriage and springs with a substitution of a rigid iron-stay, or
spring, supporting a cross-spring R., thereby effecting a connection between the Cee
springs N. and the elliptic springs O in place of the connecting stay or Governor 3
Fig. (B).

page_text: I, CHARLES SANDFORD WINDOVER, Carriage Manufacturer of George Street
Huntingdon, in the County of Huntingdon, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be, performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following stateinent
My Invention consists of an improved Spring or an arrangement of a combination
of springs and is designed for the object of securing to the bodies of vehicles the
many and palpable advantages (including the maximum of ease of motion), hitherto
attainable only by the use of the costly and cumbersome C'ee and under-spring perch
carriages, while at the same time my invention entirely obviates the excessive
longitudinal motion inseperable from the bodies of vehicles suspended from Cee springs
of perch Carriages, and which act so disastrously to the horses drawing the vehicle
(1st) from the ponderous weight in starting the carriage, and (2nd) the danger
attending the stopping (especially if sudden) of the vehicle consequent upon the check
to the momentum or velocity attained by the vehicle in motion and which must ever
be so where the bodies of vehicles are subjected to excessive longitudinal motion, as
in Cee and underspring perch carriages.
My Invention is best described by the aid of the sheet of drawings left with the
provisional specification. Fig. B representing an elevation of my improved spring or
springs in combination (1) the Cee Spring (2) the Elliptic under-spring, in which the
laminated plates or leaves of which it is composed, are placed in a reversed position to
those of an ordinary elliptic spring that is to say the main, back, or long, plate in
each half of the spring I place on the outer side of the curvature of the elliptical
configuration and the shorter or "gut" plates I fix on the inner side of the spring.
(3) is the connecting stay, or "governor," forming the medium of connection between
the Cee spring (1) and the elliptical under-spring (2), this I make of either a rigid
iron stay or spring steel; (4) is either a pipe eye or open lug coupling connection or
hinge, forming the attachment between the "Governor and the bottom half of the
elliptical underspring, 2... (5) is that portion of the Governor called the bearing, and
to which the carriage is attached to my improved springs.
"
(8) is a cross section of the axle with solid flaps, 13, to which the iron bearing
stay, 12, is spliced and securely fastened by either bolts or clips. 6 and 7 are bosses in the
solid with the spliced iron bearing-plate 12 through which the connecting bolts pass
through from the tail ends' and jack-stays in order to support the Cee springs.
(9) is a cranked iron stay by which the axle is connected with the top half of the
elliptic under-spring as shewn at 10. 11 is an ordinary leathern suspension brace, as
commonly used in "Cee" and under-spring perch carriages.
Fig. C. represents a transverse elevation of either a front or hind under-carriage in
which I am enabled by the employment of an iron "span," or
"cradle-iron" stay P.
and an ordinary cross spring R. which I clip together in the ordinary manner at Š, to
effect a connection between the "Cee" springs N. and the elliptic under-springs O.,

page_text: or 1 and 2 in Fig. B. instead of using the connecting stay, or Governor, 3. Fig. B.
M. Fig. C. is an ordinary flapped axle and T. is the loose, or "check" plate couplings
connecting the cross spring R. to the elliptic spring O. Fig. A. represents an elevation
of a carriage mounted upon my improved springs, and shewing the method of attach-
ment between the under-carriage and the body.
H. shows the method of connecting the pump handle G. and the "Governor " E. at
the hind part, A. the leather suspension brace. B. the attachment between the axle
flap and the elliptic under spring, by means of an iron curved stay. C. the Cee
spring. D. is the elliptic under spring, E. the connecting stay or
"Governor
connecting the Cee spring with the elliptic under spring.
"
F. is the connection I make either by a rigid hinged shackle, or flexible attachments
between the lower half of the elliptic under-spring D. and the "Governor" stay-
iron E. the connection in the forepart of a four-wheel vehicle is further described in
Fig. A. by the connection between the wheel iron L. & the back stay K. with my
improved spring as shown at J. which I effect by means of either bolts or clips. My
invention is applicable to every description of either two or four wheel vehicles, and
by its adoption I am enabled to impart universal motion to the suspended bodies of
vehicles, a desideratun hitherto only attained by the use of "Cee" and under-spring
perch carriages.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim, is-
1st. The manufacture and use of an improved spring mechanism for either two or
four wheel vehicles, according to the mode herein described of combining parts
referred to in Figs. A. B. & C. which imparts the principle of Cee spring suspension
to the bodies of vehicles without the use of a perch.
2nd. The construction of elliptical springs having the shorter of their laminated
plates upon the inside of their elliptical configuration instead of upon the outer side
as ordinarily constructed.
And-3rd. The mode herein described, the combined springs and supporting the
Carriage or body of a vehicle by means of iron stays, or Governors, substantially as
herein shewn & described.
4th. I also claim the principle of effecting lateral motion in the bodies of vehicles,
by means of a hinged or flexible connection, between a rigid iron stay or Governor,"
and the elliptical under spring.
CHARLES SANDFORD WINDOVER.