Improvements in and relating to Looms for Weaving Figured Pattern Fabrics.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd July, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1898-Accepted, 2nd July, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Looms for Weaving Figured
Pattern Fabrics.
We, ALEXANDER JAMIESON, of the Firm of Alexander Jamieson and Company,
Manufacturers, Darvel, Ayrshire, and DAVID BLAIR, and GAVIN CLELAND, Tenters
to said Firm, do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in and relating to jacquard
harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics. Such as
66
Leno"
or Madras," muslins and tapestries and whereby patterns can be worked in
the first mentioned cloths with either one, two, or three shuttles, or a combina-
tion of one, two, or three, and in muslins and tapestries a combination of one,
two, three, or four shuttles without loss of material, or time in changing from
one motion to the other, the changes being automatically effected while the
loom is in motion.
To effect this object the following motions of the power loom are by these
improvements modified: --
The gauze reed shedding, the shuttle box lifting, guide reed and take up
motions, the jacquard shedding motion, and the picking motion. For Leno
or Madras a longitudinal shaft is carried in bearing brackets and receives an
oscillatory or vibratory motion through an arm, and stud pulley mounted on
it (which is hereafter termed the first arm) from a cam mounted on the ordinary
first motion shaft of loom. Crank arms (hereafter termed the, second arm) are
mounted on this shaft and through screw threaded or adjustable pins and fixings
communicate the up and down reciprocatory shedding movements to the gauze
reed.
A vertical lever has a horizontal lower arm acted on by the box lever, and
the upper end of vertical lever acts on the first arm and presses it on to acting
surface of cam, but immediately the fine shuttle box has been shifted, the recoil
action of springs throws the arm out of contact gear with cam.
"
The box lifting is effected as follows:-Two adjustable cams are mounted
on a stud spindle which receives motion through spur gear from the second
motion shaft of loom. Either of these cams act on a stud roller carried on "box
lever, according as the latter is automatically shifted for working two or three
shuttles.
*
"
The horizontal reciprocating motion is given to the guide reed as follows: -
A stud spindle projects out from one of the crank or second arms, and a
spring pawl lever is mounted on this and gears into the teeth of a ratchet wheel
mounted on a stud spindle. A vertical hanging arm is mounted at its upper
end on a stud, and has its lower end connected by an adjustable link to the
guide reed, while a roller mounted on a stud near the centre of this arm, bears
over projecting teeth and intermediate spaces or hollows respectively, so
when the ratchet wheel turns, to draw along the reed while over the teeth, and
permit the reed to reciprocate in the opposite direction while the roller lies
between the teeth, the latter motion being given by the recoil action of a spring
or hanging weight at opposite end of reed.
as

page_text: The taking up motion is given to the pawl lever through a bell crank lever
from an arm on the herein first mentioned longitudinal shaft.
The lower ends of the
The jacquard shedding motion is effected as follows.
two long vertical rods for operating upper jacquard mechanism are formed of
an arrow (or double catch) headed shape, and temporarily engage with the catch
heads of either of two slotted plates working in guides and which receive an
up and down motion from two cams mounted on the second motion shaft.
A ratchet wheel or wheels is fixed on a spindle and receives motion through
a pawl lever from the sword of the loon lathe, and two cams are mounted on
the spindle, and stud pulleys on the ends of two cranked or bent levers are kept
by springs in surface contact with these cams, so as to transmit motion through
adjustable pins or links to each of the jacquard vertical rods to alternately shift
them through their arrow heads, from the head of the one catch plate to the
other, and thus give the proper shedding action. When working with two
shuttles the pawl lever is automatically thrown out of gear by a rod or lever
connection actuated from the box lever. When working with the "fine" shuttle
to keep it running every shot a horizontal trap rod is operated from the jacquard
mechanism to bear under the box lever, and prevent this shuttle from dropping.
The picking motion is effected as follows:-Two cams or a double surfaced
single cam is mounted on the same stud as the afore mentioned two box lifting
cain, and a stud roller from a shifting link bears on either surface of cam. This
link is connected by an arm to the end of a horizontal lever fulcrumed at centre
and extending the full length of the machine. Forks are connected from the
ends of this lever to the picking shafts. The lower end of the shifting link
is mounted over a stud on which a helical spring is mounted to keep the link
in position on the cam surface suitable for when say two shuttles are in action,
but when three shuttles or one shuttle are to be in action the moveable link is
automatically drawn through rod or lever connections by the jacquard mechanism
and the stud roller held on the other surface of cam and kept in that position
by a spring catch or like device on rod connections.
For muslins and tapestries the box lifting is effected as follows:-Three
adjustable cams are mounted on a stud spindle which receives motion through
spur gear from the second motion shaft of the loom. Either of these cams, act
on a stud roller. carried on box lever according as the latter is automatically
shifted for working one, two, three, or four shuttles.
In this case the jacquard shedding motion is as follows:-The lower ends
of the two long vertical rods for operating the jacquard machine, are fixed to
the two slotted plates working in guides and which receive an up and down
motion from two cams mounted on the second motion shaft of the loom.
The picking motion is effected in the same manner as for Leno's but three
cams (or a triple surfaced single cam) are substituted for the two cams or double
surfaced single cam.
Dated the 2nd July 1897.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Looms for Weaving Figured
Pattern Fabrics.
We, ALEXANDER JAMIESON, of the Firm of Alexander Jamieson and Company,
Manufacturers, Darvel, Ayrshire, DAVID BLAIR and GAVIN CLELAND, Tenters

page_text: (or a quadruple surfaced single cam) are substituted for the two cams F F¹ or
double surfaced single cam.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
First. In jacquard harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics,
the method of weaving figured patterns without loss of material and automatic-
ally effecting the changes of the shuttles and motions of the loom, substantially
as herein set forth.
Second. In jacquard harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics,
the arrangement of devices for giving the shedding movements to the gauze
reed, substantially as herein set forth.
Third. In jacquard harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics,
the arrangement of two or more surfaced cams and devices for effecting the lifting
of the shuttle boxes, substantially as herein set forth.
Fourth. In jacquard harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics,
the arrangement of devices for giving the taking up motion, substantially as
herein set forth.
Fifth. In jacquard harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics,
the arrangement of devices for effecting the jacquard shedding motion, sub-
stantially as herein set forth.
Sixth. In jacquard harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics,
the arrangement of devices for effecting the picking motion, substantially as
herein set forth.

page_text: shaft B of loom, and is held in gear with same by a pin e² from a hand wheel e³
fixed on shaft B, passing through a hole in this wheel e. The tooth e¹ of this
wheel e acts on a star wheel e¹ mounted on a stud spindle e5 on a kneed bracket_e6
at side of machine. A slotted small bracket e is formed on or mounted on the
end of this spindle e5, and the one end of a short spindle e is adjustably secured
by a nut in the slot of this bracket e. A roller or grooved pulley e⁹ is mounted
loose on this spindle 8. The other end of spindle passes through a hole in
a disc plate E and rotates the latter within an eye bracket E¹.
A spindle or projecting arm E2 is secured to this disc E and has a roller or
pulley E3 mounted on it. The rollers E39 act on the jacquard vertical rods d, d¹,
to alternately shift them through their arrow heads d² from the head of the one
catch plate or d to the other, and thus give the proper shedding action. The
mechanism operated by the single toothed wheel e for controlling the rods d, d¹,
which actuate the jacquard machine is only required to come into use when
working three shuttles.
When working two shuttles, or one shuttle, the single toothed wheel e is
thrown out of working gear with star wheel e¹ by a clutch mounted on a verti-
cal rod and a shaped fork which bears on each side of the back half of box
lever B¹ and according as the back half of box lever B₁ is shifted to work two
or three shuttles the single toothed wheel e is thrown out of or into gear with
star wheel e. As the star wheel e contains 6 picks of the loom in one revolu-
tion after being set in time with the change on the box cams C, C¹, and the
picking cams F, F, it always comes to the right position when the change takes
place.
The right position for star wheel e when at rest is the one that leaves the
rod d in working contact with the catch plate d³ and the rod d out of working
contact with either of the catch plates d³, d.
The jacquard mechanism operated by the rods d d are quite independent of
each other, the jacquard machine being a double lift one. The eye bracket E¹
carrying the grooved disc plate E is constructed to split in halves and is fastened
with screws at each side.
The picking motion is effected as follows. Two cams F F¹ or a double surfaced
single cam is mounted on the same stud C³ as the aforementioned two box lifting
cam and receive motion through the spur gear X X¹ from the second motion
shaft C and a stud roller F2 from a shifting link F3 bears on surface of either
cam. This link F3 is connected by a slotted arm F4 to the end of a horizontal
lever F5 fulcrumed at centre and extending the full length of the machine.
Forks F6 are connected from the ends of this horizontal lever F5 to the picking
shafts G. The lower end of the shifting link F3 is mounted over a stud g on
which a helical spring g¹ is mounted to keep the link F3 in position on the cam
surface suitable for when say two shuttles are in action, but when three shuttles
or one shuttle only are to be in action the moveable link F3 is automatically
drawn through a bell crank 92 and rod or lever connections 93 by the cord g
from the jacquard mechanism, and the stud roller F2 held on the other surface
of cam and kept in that position by a spring catch 95 or like device on rod
connections.
In
For muslins and tapestries the box lifting is effected as follows. Three adjust-
able cams would be mounted on the stud spindle which receives motion through
the spur gear C3 C4 from the second motion shaft C5 of the loom. Either of
these cams act on the stud roller C6 carried on box lever B₁ according as the
latter is automatically shifted for working one, two three, or four shuttles.
this case the jacquard shedding motion is as follows. The lower ends of the
two long vertical rods d for operating the jacquard machine, are fixed to
the two slotted plates d³ id working in guides and which receive an up and
down motion from the two cams №5 de mounted on the second motion shaft C5
of the loom.
The picking motion is effected in the same manner as for Lenos but four cams

page_text: rods over the back end of the box lever B is released through the cord f
from the jacquard mechanism and the vertical rods by their own weight fall
clear of the back end of box lever B¹ thus allowing this lever to follow box
cam C', when the boxes Nos. 1 and 2 would be brought into position alternately
and give a gauze shed every second shot. In the case of Leno or Madras it is
unnecessary to operate the take up motion when the bowl A³ is off the cam A+
When working muslins or tapestries the ordinary well known take up motion is
used.
The box lifting is effected as follows. Two adjustable cams C.C¹ are mounted
on a stud spindle C2 which receives motion through spur gear C³ C from the
second motion shaft C of loom. Either of these cams C C₁ acts on the roller C
which is carried on the back half of the "box" lever B₁ according as this half
of the box lever is shifted for working two or three shuttles. The shifting of
the back half of the box lever B¹ is effected by cord connections h from the
jacquard mechanism acting on the ends of a T crank adjustably connected
to a rod 2 with a forked end h³ which acts on the back half of the box lever B¹
to put it in gear with either cam C or C¹.
The two cams C C effect the change of shuttles in the following manner.
Each cam has six picks of the loom in its circumference, cam C being arranged
to give the boxes Nos. 1, 2 and 3 consecutively, cam C¹ to give the boxes Nos. 1
and 2 alternately.
When the two cams C and C¹ are mounted on stud spindle C2, they are fixed
in position with one of the portions (2) which gives the second box on cam C,
parallel with one of the portions (2) on cam C¹ which gives the same box thus
making a level crossing where the back half of the box lever B¹ may be switched
from the one cam to the other.
The manner in which the boxes are timed with the picking motion is as
follows. The two picking cams F F¹ have each four picks of the loom in their
circumference cam F being arranged to give two picks (R, R) from right side
of loom and two picks (L, L) from left side of loom cam F1 being arranged
to give one pick from each side. When placed on the stud C2 they are fixed in
position with one of the depressions on cam F parallel with a depression on
cam F, this depression being the only place where the moveable link F" may
be moved from one cam to the other.
The loom being set with the cams C C¹ and the cams F F¹ in a suitable position
for shifting, 12 shots of the loom must elapse before they come to the right posi-
tion again, so that patterns must be arranged with no less than twelve picks
between the changes from one motion to the other, or any number greater that
will divide evenly by twelve.
The horizontal reciprocating motion is given to the guide reed D as follows.
A rod connection D¹ is taken from one of the picking forks to the .one arm D²
of a bell crank lever D2 D3 fulcrumed on a stud D4 on the side frame of machine
and attached to the other arm D³ of bell crank lever is a chain connection D5
which passes over a guide pulley D and has its other end attached to the end of
guide reed D, while an ordinary spiral recoil acting spring would be attached
to the other end of guide reed D). By this means a horizontal reciprocating to
and fro motion is given to the guide reed D.
The taking up motion is given to the pawl lever c through a bell crank lever c
and kneed link from a slotted short arm c³ on the herein first mentioned longi-
tudinal shaft A.
of the
The jacquard shedding motion is effected as follows. The lower ends
two long vertical rods d d for operating upper jacquard mechanism are formed
of an arrow (or double catch) headed shape, and temporarily engage with the
catch heads of either of two slotted plates working in guides and which
receive an up and down motion from two cams d mounted on the second
motion shaft C5 and which act on rollers mounted on pins on these plates.
A wheel e with a single projecting tooth e¹ is mounted loose on the first motion

page_text: to said Firm, do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:
This invention has reference to improvements in and relating to jacquard
harness power looms for weaving figured pattern fabrics, such as "Leno" or
Madras" muslins and tapestries and whereby patterns can be worked in the
first mentioned cloths with either one, two, or three shuttles, and in muslins
and tapestries with either one, two, three, or four shuttles without loss of material,
or time in changing from one motion to the other, the changes being automatic-
ally effected while the loom is in motion.
To effect this object the following motions of the power loom are by these
improvements modified.
The gauze reed shedding, the shuttle box lifting, guide reed and take up
motions, the jacquard shedding motion, and the picking motion.
And in order that our said invention and the manner of carrying same into
practice may be properly understood, we have hereunto appended a sheet of
explanatory drawings in which the same reference letters are used to indicate
corresponding parts in the several figures where shown. Figure 1 is a side
elevation, Figure 2 a plan view broken away, and Figure 3 a back elevation
broken away of a loom for weaving figured pattern fabrics constructed in accord-
ance with our improvements. Figure 4 is a detached view of the gauze reed
lifting cam, Figure 5 of the box lifting cams, and Figure 6 of the picking
motion cams, while Figures 7 and 8 are detached views of details of the jacquard
shedding mechanism.
Referring to these drawings.
In regard to the gauze reed shedding, as the gauze reed shed only requires to
be formed when the fine shuttle is passing across the loom the first box con-
taining the fine shuttle is made to control the movement of the gauze reed and
this is effected in the following manner.
For Leno or Madras muslins a longitudinal shaft A is carried in bearing
brackets A and receives an oscillatory or vibratory motion through an arm A³
and stud pulley A³ mounted on it (which is hereafter termed the first arm) from
a cam A mounted on the ordinary first motion shaft B of loom. Crank arms a
(hereafter termed the second arm) are mounted on this shaft A. and through screw
threaded or adjustable pins a¹ and a kneed arm a² secured in an adjustable slot a³
communicate the up and down reciprocatory shedding movements to the gauze
reed a¹.
A vertical lever b fulcrumed at 62 has a horizontal lower arm 61 acted on by
the box lever B₁ and the upper end of vertical lever b acts on the first arm A³
and presses it on to acting surface of cam A, but immediately the fine shuttle
box has been shifted the recoil action of springs 63 throws the arm A2 out of
contact gear. with cam A4.
The manner in which the cam A' and box lever B₁ act together in controlling
the movement of the gauze shedding reed a is as follows: The cam A being
placed on the first motion shaft of the loom would raise the gauze reed every
shot if the first arm A³ were kept in contact gear with it. This
first arm A2 is kept out of contact gear with cam A by means of
springs 3. When the box lever B1 is depressed to raise shuttle box number 1 it
treads on the horizontal arm of the vertical lever b, the upper end of which
presses the arm A2 on to acting surface of cam A. If it is desired to keep the
gauze reed lifting every shot, vertical adjustable rods are operated through
a longitudinal spindle f³ and radial arm by cord connections f5f6f7, from
the jacquard machine, to bear over the back end of the box lever B¹ and kept
in this position by means of a lever fo with bell crank catch f on it thus pre-
venting that box from dropping and so keeping the first arm A³ in contact gear
with cam A*.
When it is desired to go on to two shuttles the catch f which keeps the vertical