Improvements in and connected with Primary Batteries.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Apr., 1898
-Complete Specification Left, 13th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 1st Apr., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Primary Batteries.
I, HERMANN OPPENHEIMER, Electrical Engineer, of 55, Redcross Street,
Barbican, London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
My invention relates to a galvanic element, the electrodes of which have been
arranged in such a manner that short-circuiting is impossible, and besides that,
means have been provided whereby not only the evaporation of the electrolytic
solution is diminished, but it also excludes the deteriorating action of the
electrolytic fluid on the connection points of the poles.
On enclosed tracing I show in Fig. 1 a perpendicular section, in
Fig. 2 the plan of a zinc carbon element constructed in accordance
with my invention. Fig. 3 shows mode of manufacture of 2 zinc electrodes,
punched out of a zinc plate. On the paraffined top edge of the glass vessel,
there is resting concentric to the inner wall of such glass jar, a zinc cylinder c,
suspended by means of the noses b. The zinc cylinder is only of such height
that a certain space is left between its bottom edge and the bottom of the glass
jar. The carbon electrode is formed by a carbon rod e round which is cylindrically.
pressed a composition of graphite and manganese d. The lower free end f of
such carbon rod is insulated by pitch or similar material, forming the point
which rests in the central recess g of the arched bottom part of the glass jar a.
The top free end h of such carbon rod protrudes through the centre hole i of
a glass cover k, and is connected to the terminal L.
In consequence of this concentric arrangement of the carbon electrode, contact
between it and the zinc electrode is impossible, and the lower edge of both
electrodes are thus kept at such a distance from the bottom of the glass vessel
that sufficient free space is available to allow of the chemical deposition of
chloride of zinc to take place when salamoniac is used as electrolytic liquid,
without causing short circuit.
The cover of the vessel a has at its bottom. surface grooves m, corresponding
with the position and shape of the suspending noses of the zinc electrode, so
that the cover rests closely on the edge of the vessel, and thereby retards the
evaporation of the electrolytic fluid.
One of the noses b is elongated beyond the edge of the glass vessel in order
to allow copper strip or copper wire n to be connected to it.
The solution is thus prevented from acting upon the connecting point which lies
outside the glass jar, and the spilling of the solution is prevented by the close-
fitting cover.
Dated this Sixth day of April 1898.

page_text: Improvements in and connected with Primary Batteries.
I, HERMANN OPPENHEIMER, Electrical Engineer, of 55, Redcross Street,
Barbican, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: —
are
My invention relates to a galvanic element, the electrodes of which
arranged in such a manner that short-circuiting is impossible, and besides that,
means have been provided whereby not only the evaporation of the electrolytic
solution is diminished, but it also excludes the deteriorating action of the
electrolytic fluid on the connection points of the poles.
On tracing accompanying my Provisional Specification, I show in Fig. 1, a perpen-
dicular section, in Fig. 2 the plan of a zinc carbon element constructed in accordance
with my invention. Fig. 3 shows mode of manufacture of 2 zinc electrodes,
punched out of a zinc plate. On the paraffined, top edge of the glass vessel,
there is resting concentric to the inner wall of such glass jar a zinc cylinder c
suspended by means of the noses b. The zinc cylinder is only of such height
that a certain space is left between its bottom edge, and the bottom of the glass
jar. The carbon electrode is formed by a carbon rod e round which is cylindrically
pressed a composition of graphite and manganese di-oxide d. The lower free end f of
such carbon rod is insulated by pitch or similar material, forming the point
which rests in the central recess g of the arched bottom part of the glass jar a.
The top free end of such carbon rod protrudes through the centre hole i of
a glass cover k, and is connected to the terminal Z.
in consequence of this concentric arrangement of the carbon electrode, contact
between it and the zinc electrode is impossible, and the lower edge of both
electrodes are thus kept at such a distance from the bottom of the glass vessel
that sufficient space is available to allow of the chemical deposition of
chloride of zinc to take place when salamoniac is used as electrolytic liquid,
without causing short circuit.
The cover of the vessel a has at its bottom surface recesses or spacings m
corresponding with the position and shape of the suspending noses b of the zinc
electrode, so that the cover rests closely on the edge of the vessel, and thereby
retards the evaporation of the electrolytic fluid.
Such recesses or spacings are arranged at intervals so that the line shown in my
tracing as coming out from m towards the centre is practically demonstrating
the relieved part of the glass cover, intersecting between the three spacings, which
in their entirety show a complete circle divided at three points.
One of the noses b is elongated beyond the edge of the glass vessel in order
to allow copper strip or copper wire n to be connected to it.
The solution is thus prevented from acting upon the connecting point which lies
outside the glass jar, and the spilling of the solution is prevented by the close-
fitting cover.
The manufacture of the zinc electrode with its suspending noses 3, can
preferably be obtained by punching out of one sheet two electrodes situated
opposite each other, as shown in Fig. 3, c and c¹. When producing such zinc
electrodes, the elongated nose 6 of each electrode is taken out of the material
of the opposite electrode.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A primary battery, the carbon electrode of which is carried by means of a

page_text: carbon rod, which at its lower free end is insulated, resting in the centre part of
the glass vessel, whereas its free top end is penetrating through a central opening
in the lid of such glass vessel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. A primary battery in which the lid of the jar is provided with recesses in
such a manner as to allow the zinc electrodes to rest on the vessel, and the lid
to fit closely on to the glass jar, thus delaying the evaporation of the electrolytic
fluid, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. A primary battery in which one of the suspending noses of the zinc electrode
is elongated in such a manner that the connecting point to the line is situated
without the glass jar, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. The manufacture of such zinc electrode by means of punching out of one
zinc sheet two electrodes, whereby the elongated nose of the one electrode is taken
out of the material of the opposite electrode, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1808