Improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application 31st Jan. 1893—Accepted 11th Mar. 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by ROBERT LUNDELL and EDWARD HIBBERD
JOHNSON, both of No. 44, Broad Street, New York City, United States of
America, Electricians.]
Improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
atatement:-
This invention relates particularly to dynamo electric machines of the disc
armature type and its objects are,
"
י
First, to produce a machine of this type which can be cheaply constructed and
quickly and readily taken apart for repairs. Second, to produce such a machine
with as little iron or magnetic material as possible, the same being so disposed as
to offer a maximum heat radiating surface and a minimum amount of leakage to
the magnetic lines of force. Third, to devise a machine in which the current
conducting parts shall be protected from mechanical injury, dirt, dust, and the like.
Fourth, to adapt auch a machine for use directly with the source of power as by
direct connection to the engine shafting. Fifth, to secure the several parts of the
armature in such manner as to materially increase the efficiency of the machine
and render it less: liable to damage due to centrifugal and other strains. Sixth, to
facilitate the adjustment of the armature as a whole relatively to the field poles of
the machine. Seventh, to simplify the field magnet construction and ohtain
thereby a structure of great mechanical strength with minimum magnetic
leakage,
These objects are accomplished with the apparatus hereinafter described.
In order that this invention may be fully understood I have represented the
same in the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is an elevation of one form of the machine, some of the parts being
broken Away to fully illustrate the interior construction.
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1 and as seen looking
in the direction of the arrows on the right of the said line.
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 of a modified form of the machine in
which two field magnet coils are used in place of one.
Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of this modified form of the machine, said
section being taken through Figure 3 and bearing the same relation to Figure 3
that the corresponding scotional view shown in Figure 2 does to Figure 1.
Figure 6 is an enlarged detail side elevation of a part of the armature some of
the parts being broken away and..some shown in section to fully disclose the
inanner of securing the individual bobbins or coils.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of three adjoining armature bobbins or coils
showing also their interior and exterior or end connections.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawings.
Prior to this invention the armatures of machines of the disc armature type
were made by what may be very properly termed "zig-zag" winding. That is to
say the armature coil was built up of one continuous flat strip of insulated
conducting copper wound in zigzag lines round and round until the desired
proportions were attained and the ends thereof were then connected to collecting
rings carried by the armature shaft, the windings being held in place in various
WAYS.
.

page_text: Machines of this nature were made by Brush, Frick, Ferranti and others and
although good results were attained with them the method of construction by
continuous winding makes them necessarily expensive to repair, and difficulty is
found in adjusting and maintaining the disc in the open magnetio fold and free
from actual mechanical contact with the poles of the field magnets. Furthermore,
with machines so constructed, the armature windings become badly distorted when
rapidly rotated owing to the action of the centrifugal force and the drag or pull of
the field magnets thereon.
This improved machine is designed to overcome all such objections.
MM' represents a two-part field magnet core of disc shape held together_by
bolts bb and sustained by a base B directly on the engine frame, not shown. The
part M is.separable, as shown in Figure 1, C being a single field magnet coil lying
on one side of the armature and in a plane substantially parallel therewith, the
individual coils thereof being wound in a trough shaped ring F of vegotable fibre
or analogous insulating material and held in place in a groove between the two
parts of M. This coil is energized either by a separate exciter or may be self
excited as will be fully understood by skilled electricians. The magnetic field in
which the armature A revolves is made up of multiple radially disposed pole
pieces. P on one side and P on the other; one set being of north or plus, and the
other of south or minus polarity.
The armature shaft S which is preferably connected directly to the engine or
other source of power is journalled in bearings not shown but adapted to surround
the rings rrr and thereby prevent end thrust.
D is the armature supporting hub or collar which is secured by one or more keys
in the faces of the shaft S, and O is a flat clamping ring or diso securod to the
part D by bolts &ª.
I
The hub or collar D is adapted to slide endwise on the end of the armature shaft
and is given such movement by a screw secured by a pint to a cap pièce K
which in turn is secured by four screws b' entering corresponding screw holes in
the hub. The cap piece K is provided with twelve holes located at equal distances
apart. The screw has a pitch of eight threada per inch so that one complete
revolution of the cap piece would advance or retreat it one eighth of an inch.
It is apparent therefore, that one twelfth of a revolution would change the
adjustment one ninety sixth of an inch.
The armature supporting hub or collar D may therefore be advanced or retracted
as desired and the screws b' secured in place, thereby effecting the most delicate
lateral movement with relation to the opposing multipolar field poles P and P.
Gand Gare the brush or contact rings insulated from each other and the
hub D by vegetable fibre or analogous rings EE and secured in the usual
Way.
The current collecting brushes (not shown) would bear on the lateral or end
faces of these rings, as will be obvious on inspection of Figures 2 and 4.
These rings are connected at intervals of say 60° by insulated conductors ww'
with the ends of the armature coils or bobbins A, there being shown forty-eight
such coils joined in six series sets of eight in each series.
In the modified form of the machine shown in Figures 3 and 4 the field magnet
core is divided into two separable parts M M bolted together by bulla bb so as to
form a hollow two-part cylindrical structure with integral radially disposed
multipolar pole pieces PP located in parallel planes between which the
armature A revolves, there being in this form two individual or separate enclosed
field magnet coils C C' wound in trough shaped rings FF and located on opposite
sides of the armature and in planes parallel therewith, the winding of said coils or
thoir circuit connections being of course such as will give to the polo piecos PP
the required polarity. The, arinatura and its operative connections with the
shaft S'is identically alike in both modifled forms of the machine illustrated in
Figures 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and the manner of building or constructing it will
now be described.

page_text: I take a narrow flat strip, preferably of insulated copper or other non-magnetic
conducting material and of the desired length to constitute one bobbin or coil.
This strip is wound firmly round and round upon itself and the ring thus made is
placed in the open end of one of the thin metallic yoke pieces N (see Fig. 5) so
that its outer face-bears against the strip of insulating material i on the inner face
of a metal block d, sorow-threaded on the inuer end of a draw bolt & which is also
screw-threaded through the base of the yoke N.
Additional insulating material i is now placed under the free ends of the yoke N
and on the inside of the coil and the rivet p passed through it and the free end of
yoke N and the ends finally securely riveted.
The draw bolt is now turned so as to make the coil assume the curvature of
the block d after which the coil is placed in a former which gives it substantially
the shape it is to assume when all of the coils are in their final position.
After they are all thus built up they are assembled on the lateral face of the hub
or collar D with the draw bolts & projecting through radial bolt holes as shown,
and with the strips of insulating material between their adjoining edges. The
ring or disc O is then laid in position on hub D the bolts & tightened slightly so
as to accurately maintain all the yokes N and their sustained coils in one plano.
The nuts on the inner ends of the draw bolts are then tightened up as are also
the nuts on the bolts 6 and in this manner the coils are caused to mass themselves
into a rigid diso ring. The outer portions of the coils are now secured by single
layer windings of strong thin insulated wire w'.
An examination of Figures 5 and 6 will reveal. the manner of connecting the
succeeding ends of the coils, the inner ends being connected on one side to
conducting strips. c joining projecting lugs or ears and the outer ends similarly
connected on the other side to strips e, so that the coils are joined in series.
They are then connected to the collector rings.Ġ and G' in series groups of eight
by the insulated conductora w t¹.
It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the bobbins may be
connected to the collector rings in any preferred manner or that the machine may
be provided with commutators for rectifying the current in such manner as to
make it a direct or continuous current machine.
By the disc or annular construction of the field core with multiple radial pole
pieces one is enabled to utilize either a single or a double field coil and to obtain
maximum efficiency with a minimum amount of magnetic leakage.
The ventilating holes II around the core Figure 2 permit the armature bobbins :
to draw air through the machine over and around the coil, the armature and
the field poles, thereby keeping the entire machine cool and avoiding great waste.
of energy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents I declare that what I claim is :—
1. A dynamo electric machine having a disc armature and a single field magnet
coil lying in a plane on one side of said armature and parallel thereto, in.combi-
nation with radially disposed multipolar pole pieces between which the armature
rotates, substantially as described.
2. A dynamo electric machine having a disc armature and a single field -
magnet core provided with radially disposed multipolar pole pieces magnetized by
a single field magnet coil lying in a plane on one side of said armature and parallel,
thereto, substantially as described.
3. A dynamo electric machine having a single field magnet coil, a single field.
magnet core with radially disposed pole pieces and a disc armaturo, tho field magnet
coil being located on one side of the armature with its windings located in planes.
substantially at right angles to the armature shaft, substantially as described.
4. A dynamo electric machine having a single cylindrical field magnet core with
a single energizing field magnet coil and a disc armature located between oppositely
J

page_text: disposed multipolar pole pieces, the field magnet coil being located on one side of
the armature, substantially as described.
5. A cylindrical or diso shaped field magnet core surrounding. or enclosing a
Bingle energizing field magnet coil and provided with radially disposed multipolar
'field magnet poles embracing an armature which rotates in a plane parallel with the
inner end of the energizing coil, substantially as described.
6. A hollow cylindrical or disc shaped field magnet core enclosing an energizing
field, magnet coil and provided with multipolar field magnet poles of opposite
polarity and a rotary armature located between said poles, the armature and the
field magnet coil being situated in independent parallel planes, substantially as
described.
7. A hollow ring shaped field magnet core enclosing an energizing field magnet
toil anid field magnet core being provided with multipolar pole piece of opposite
polarity, both sets of pole pieces being located on the same side of the field magnet
coil, substantially as shown and described.
8. A hollow ring shaped field magnet core enclosing its energising field magnet
boil and provided with multipolar pole pieces and ventilating holes, all the pole
pieces being located on one side of the field magnet coil, substantially as described
and shown.
C'
9, A hollow ring shaped fold magnet coro made in threo annular pieces enclosing
or surrounding a single energizing field magnet coil and having multipolar pole
pieces arranged in two integral sets both located on the same side of the field
magnet coil, substantially as shown.
10. A hollow ring shaped fiold magnet core having two integral sets of multi-
polar pole pieces energized by a single enclosed coil both sets of pole pieces boing
located on the same side of the coil, substantially as shown.
11. A disc armature made up of a series of flat bobbins each provided with an
independent adjustable clamping device and all secured to a hub or collar,
substantially as described.
.
12. A disc armature made up of a series of bobbins which boar laterally against
each other and each provided with adjustable means secured to a carrying collar
of hub whereby they may be securely held against centrifugal action, substantially
as described.
13. A diso armature made up of individual sectional bobbins provided with
oldiups and means for securing them all to a common collar or hub, as described.
14. A disc armature made up of a series of flat elongated bobbins connected.at
their inner ends by independent adjustable yokes and bolts to a hub or collar, in
combination with a flat ring or disc which bears on said yokes and is bolted to the
hub or collar, substantially as described.
15. An armature carried by a shaft provided with means for proventing end
thrust, in combination with means for adjusting the armature in either.direction on
the shaft, and additional means for adjusting the armature on the shaft in the
direction of its rotation, substantinily as described.
16. A disc armaturo carried by a shaft having means for preventing end thrust,
in combination with means for moving the armature in either direction on the
shaft, and additional means for adjusting the armature on the shaft in the direction
of its rotation, substantially as described.
17. A disc armature secured to a hub having longitudinal movement on a rotary
shaft, in combination with means for moving the hub in either direction on the
shaft, and additional means for adjusting the armature ou the shaft in the direction
of its rotation, substantially as described.
18. An armature carried by a hub keyed to and having sliding motion on a
rotary shaft, in combination with screw threaded adjusting connections for
accurately adjusting the position of the armature in the direction of the length of
the armature shaft and additional means for adjusting the position of the armature.
on the shaft in the direction of its rotation, substantially as described..
"
19. A ring-shaped field magnet core having multipolar field poles. radially :

page_text: disposed and n fint or disc armature adapted to rotate between said poles and
connected to a rotary shaft by adjusting devices whereby it may be maintained
in the magnetic field out of mechanical contact with the field poles, substantially as
described.
20. A disc armature made up of sections or bobbins having side lugs connected
together in series by conducting strips in combination with clamps and means for
securing said parts all to a common collar or hub, substantially as described,
and shown.
21. A dynamo electric machine having its field magnet core made of a hollow
ring or diso shape enclosing the field maguot coil and provided with ventilating
holes for admitting air to the interior of the machine, substantially as described.
22. A dynamo electric machine having its field magnet core made of ring or
disc like shape with radially disposed multipolar pole pieces between which the
armature rotates in combination with a single magnetizing coil enclosed within
the core and ventilating holes for admitting air to the interior of the machine,
substantially as described.
28. A dynamo electric machine having two hollow disc shaped field magnet
cores which wholly inclose or surround each a single fiold magnet coil, said Held
magnet coils being located on opposite sides of the armature and in planes parallel
therewith, substantially as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings.
24. A dynamo electric machine having two hollow disc shaped field magnet
cores each having radially disposed multipolar pole pieces in combination with two
enclosed field magnet coils located on opposite sides of a disc shaped armature
and in planes parallel therewith, substantially as shown in Figure 4 of the
drawings.
'
25. A dynamo electric machine having two hollow cylindrical field magnet cores
wholly enclosing two energizing field magnet coils, each core being provided with
integral multipolar pole pieces, in combination with a disc shaped armature adapted
to rotate between said pole pieces, the field magnet coils being located on opposite
sides of the armnature in planes parallel therewith, substantially as shown in
Figure 4 of the drawings.
26. A dynamo electric machine having hollow disc shaped field magnet cores
provided with integral multipolar pole pieces radially disposed in parallel planes
between which the armature rotates in combination with field magnet coils located
on opposito sides of the armature, said coils being wholly enclosed, substantially as
shown in Figure 4 of the drawings.
27. A dynamo electric machine having two flat cylindrical field magnet cores
provided each with multipolar field magnet poles located in parallel planes with
enclosed energizing coils for said cores the windings of which are in planes parallel
to the faces of the field magnet poles and located on opposite sides of the armature,
substantially as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings.
28. A dynamo electric machine having two flat hollow cylindrical field magnet
cores placed end to end, each core having a multipolar series of radially disposed
poles located in parallel planes, in combination with a pair of wholly enclosed
energizing coils and a rotary disc armature, substantially as shown in Figure 4 of
the drawings.
29. A pair of field magnet cores having each a single enclosed energizing coil
and a set of radially disposed multipolar field magnet poles, in combination with a
disc armature adapted to rotate between said sets of polos and provided_with
adjustable means for regulating its position in two directions, substantially as
shown in Figure 4 of the drawings.
Dated this 216 do of Tan--- 1902