Improvements in Centrifugal Drying Machines, the same being usually styled Hydro-extractors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left. 18th July.. 1895-Accepted: 24th Aug.
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Drying Machines, the same being
usually styled Hydro-extractors.
I, HENRY CROFTS LONGSDON of the Firm of W. Summerscales and Sons
Limited, of Keighley in the County of York, Laundry Engineers and Machine
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows, that is
to say:
In this class of drying machine which, as is well known, is run at a high rate of
speed in order to perform its functions, considerable difficulty is experienced in
putting or starting such machine into motion from its stationary or inert position
when charged or filled with the articles or materials sought to be operated
upon by it.
To overcome this difficulty and make the machine run more freely is the object
of this invention.
In order to make the revolving cage or drum run more freely I have an
appropriately formed annular groove formed in the lower end of the vertical shaft
upon and about which the revolving cage is mounted, such groove being made
concentrically with the axis of rotation.
This lower end of the shaft is made to fit into a suitable foot-step which allows
the placing of a series of balls or spheres to revolve in the annular groove of the
shaft and in said footstep while another ball is placed centrally within said groove
and in a line with the axis of said shaft, proper provision being made for enabling
same to be constantly lubricated.
The belt which imparts motion to the rotary cage passes round a driving pulley
mounted on said cages shaft and from said pulley is conducted to pass around a
specially constructed pulley mounted on the machines' driving shaft, whereon are
mounted the usual fast and loose driving pulleys around which the driving belt
from any main or prime motor passes.
This specially constructed pulley is formed so that its peripheral rim is free of
and fits over a supplementary rim carried on and formed integrally with the arms
and hub of the pulley. On this hub are mounted gripping pieces which are pressed
by an adjustable spring against the outer or free rim of the pulley.
Now on the main driving belt being put upon the fast pulley the shaft upon
which this special pulley is mounted is put into operation and the hub and inner
rim of this latter together with the gripping pieces is immediately put into rapid
rotation which causes the gripping pieces by its centrifugal force as well as by the
constant pressure of the springs to press against the inner surface of the free rim
and that with sufficient force to cause sufficient friction to carry said rim with them
in their rotation and so motion is imparted to the rotary cage. Thus while this
latter has been made to more freely revolve on its bearings and while the excessive
speed of the main driving belt is only imparted to the free rim of the inter-
mediate driving pulley as the centrifugal force of the hub of this latter is
caused to increase to be sufficient to effect such motion it will readily be seen
that the said excessive speed is only gradually brought to act upon the rotary
drum.
Dated this 17th da
1004
H. C. LONGSDON,
Per Samuel Hey,
Agent.

page_text: COMI LEIE DI MUIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Drying Machines, the same being
usually styled Hydro-extractors.
I, HENRY CROFTS LONGSDON of the Firm of W. Summerscales and Sons
Limited, of Keighley in the County of York, Laundry Engineers and Machine
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say :-
In this class of drying machine, which, as is well known is run at a high rate of
speed in order to perform its functions, considerable difficulty is experienced in
putting or starting such machine into motion from its stationary or inert position
when charged or filled with the articles or materials sought to be operated
upon by it.
To overcome this difficulty and make the machine run more freely is the object
of this invention and this I attain as hereinafter described and as illustrated by the
accompanying sheet of drawings, in which ;-
Fig. 1 is sectional side elevation of mechanism made in accordance with my
invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view enlarged scale illustrating the method of constructing
certain of the parts hereinafter explained.
Figs. 3 and 4 are side and sectional views (the latter on line A B of Fig. 3) of a
driving pulley constructed and used in connection with the other parts as herein-
after set forth.
In order to make the revolving cage or drum a run more freely I have an
appropriately formed annular recess b made in the lower end of the shaft c upon
which the revolving cage a is mounted, said recess 6 being made concentrically
with the axis of rotation of the cage a.
The lower end of this shaft c is made to fit into a suitable foot-step d in which
an annular groove is also made so that the antifriction balls may revolve therein
while they also enter the recess b, the foot-step d thus formed is placed in a
cavity which forms a suitable receptacle for the liquid lubricant. The bush /
has an opening k made radially therein in order that the lubricant may flow from
the cavity g into direct contact with the shaft c by which means and by a duct or
passage m being made in the shaft c, leading from the same horizontal plane in
which the opening k is situated, to the upper end of said shaft c where an annular
groove n is made in the bush o this lubricant is caused to flow from the cavity g
through the duct m up to this groove n whence it flows down the surface
intervening between the shaft c and its bush o back to the cavity g thus the
bearings are thoroughly lubricated.
The belt 7 which transmits motion to the rotary cage a passes round a driving
pulley mounted on the cage's shaft c and from said pulley it is conducted to
pass around a specially constructed pulley s mounted on the driving shaft t whereon
are mounted the usual fast and loose pulleys u around which the driving belt v
from any main or prime motor passes.
This pulley is formed so that its peripheral rim to is free of and fits over a
supplementary rim a carried on and formed integrally with the arms y and hub z of
the pulley s.
On this hub z are mounted gripping pieces ¹ each of them being
pressed by a spring y' against the outer or free rim w.
=
Now on the main belt being put upon the fast pulley the shaft t upon which
it and the pulleys is mounted, is put into operation and the hub and inner rim
together with the gripping pieces 2' are immediately put into rapid rotation which
causes the pieces by their centrifugal force as well as by the constant pressure of
the springs y' to press against the inner surface of the rini wo and that with sufficient

page_text: force to cause sufficient friction to carry said rim w with them in their rotation and
so motion is transmitted to the cage a. Thus while this latter (i.e. the cage a) has
been made to more freely revolve by being mounted upon the above described
antifriction bearings, and while the excessive speed of the main driving belt is
only imparted to the rim w of the pulleys as the centrifugal force of the hub = is
caused to increase to be sufficient to effect such motion, it will readily be seen
that the said excessive speed is only gradually brought to act upon the rotary
drum a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. The combination in a centrifugal drying machine of a rotary cage, bearings
for the shaft of said cage and means for lubricating said shaft and bearings
substantially as herein specified.
2. The combination in a centrifugal drying machine of a rotary cage, bearings
for the shaft of said cage and an intermediate driving pulley constructed as herein
described, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination and arrangement of the several parts forming a centrifugal
drying machine and means for transmitting motion thereto substantially as herein
described.
Dated this 17th 1
J
T
H. C. LONGSDON,
Per Samuel Hey,
Agent.