IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRIDGES OR LOOPS FOR INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC YAMDR
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles James Allport of 161 Queen Victoria Street in
the City of London Engineer for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BRIDGES OR LOOPS FOR INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC
YAMDR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles James Allport at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1882.
CHARLES JAMES ALLPORT of 161 Queen Victoria Street in the city of London,
Engineer, IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRIDGES OR LOOPS
FOR INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMPS
The invention has for its object to provide for incandescent electric lamps,
bridges or loops which shall be more durable than those hitherto made. It also
relates to making the bridges or loops covered by British Letters Patent No. 4850
of the year 1881
The first part consists in bridges or loops formed of asbestos filaments or fibres
in combination with carbon, the said filaments or fibres being so embodied inter-
laced plaited, matted or laid lengthwise with or amongst the carbon as to render
the combined bridge or loop more tenacious than if it were of carbon alone,
thereby preventing breaking or cracking.
The second part consists in combining with asbestos filaments or fibres carbon
obtained from bodies such as sugar, tartaric acid, paraffin, and like compounds
containing carbon and hydrogen.
The third part consists in combining for bridges or loops asbestos cords or
threads or spun, woven, or similarly treated asbestos with hydro carbons as set
forth under the second part excepting sugar and its homologues.
The fourth part consists in employing in the manufacture of bridges or loops in
combination with asbestos filaments and fibres or asbestos cords or threads or spun
or similarly treated asbestos, hydrocarbons as set forth under the second part and
powdered or finely divided carbon.

page_text: The fifth part consists in carbonizing compound bridges or loops constructed
substantially as herein-before set forth by carbonization in one of the following
ways (a) by direct contact with flames or heated gases (b) by dipping into benzole,
naphtha or other suitable liquid hydrocarbon and afterwards setting fire to the
said hydrocarbon (c) by placing the bridges or loops after drying or partial drying
in a crucible containing powdered carbon or carbon in a fine state of division
and by heating the said crucible and contents to a white heat for from one to two
hours.
The sixth part consists in carbonizing compound bridges when saccharine
matters are used in their composition by subjecting such compound bridges or loops
to the action of strong sulphuric acid.
The seventh part consists in rolling, pressing, or otherwise consolidating
compound bridges or loops constructed substantially as herein-before set forth.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent & of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said Charles James Allport in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th November 1882.
CHARLES JAMES ALLPORT of 161 Queen Victoria Street in the City of London,
Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRIDGES OR LOOPS FOR
INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMPS.
"
The invention has for its object to provide for incandescent lamps, bridges or
loops which shall be more durable than those hitherto made and it relates in part
to making the bridges or loops covered by British Letters Patent Number 4850 of
the year 1881.
The first part consists of bridges or loops formed or made of Asbestos filaments
or fibres in combination with Carbon. obtained as hereinafter set forth under the
second part or in any convenient manner. The said filaments or fibres are embodied:
interlaced plaited matted or otherwise incorporated with the carbon in any of the
methods hereinafter described or by pressure or otherwise-The compound or
combined bridge or loop so made or formed is more tenacious and durable than if
it were of carbon alone-breaking and cracking are thereby prevented.
The second part consists in combining with Asbestos filaments or fibres carbon
obtained from bodies such as sugar tartaric acid paraffin and like compounds con-
taining carbon and hydrogen. The filaments or fibres are mixed incorporated or
embodied with the sugar or other hydrocarbon after which carbonization is effected
in one of the ways hereinafter set forth or the carbonization of the hydrocarbon
is first effected and the carbon obtained consolidated with the asbestos filaments or
fibres in, any suitable manner.
The third part consists of bridges or loops made of asbestos cords or threads or
of spun woven or similarly treated asbestos in combination with hydrocarbons
excepting Sugar and its homologues. The bridges or loops under this part are
constructed substantially in the manner set forth under the above second part or
in the manner described in the specification to British Letters patent Number 4850
of the year 1881 above mentioned.
The fourth part consists of bridges or loops manufactured or made of asbestos
cords or threads of spun woven or similarly treated asbestos combined with hydro
carbons as set forth under the second part and with powdered or finely divided
carbon. The asbestos filaments or fibres and the finely divided carbon and hydro
carbons are mixed or incorporated in any suitable manner and then carbonized
as herein after set forth or the finely divided carbon is added to the hydro carbons
after their carbonization.
The fifth part consists in carbonizing compound bridges or loops constructed
substantially as hereinbefore set forth in any of the following ways
(a) The Bridge or loop is submitted to the direct action of flames or heated
gases either in a furnace or in any other convenient and suitable way. Direct
contact with flames produced by the combustion of hydro carbon gases is found to
effect carbonization in a satisfactory manner.
(b) The compound bridge or loop is dipped into benzole naphtha or other
suitable liquid hydro carbon the hydro carbon is then ignited and the compound
bridge or loop is carbonized by the heat produced by the combustion of the hydro
carbon. If the loop is not sufficiently carbonized after once dipping and ignition
the operation may be repeated until the carbonization is efficiently effected or the
loop so treated may be subjected to the direct action of flames or heated gases in
the manner above set forth.

page_text: (c) The compound bridge is dried more or less and then placed in a crucible
containing carbon in a fine state of division. The crucible containing the bridge
or loop is then closed airtight and raised to a white heat for one to two hours.
The crucible inay be raised to a white heat in a hydro carbon atmosphere or an
atmosphere which will not act injuriously on the compound bridge or loop at a
white heat.
The sixth part consists in subjecting the compound bridges or loops to the action
of strong sulphuric acid for the purpose of effecting carbonization when saccharine
matters are used in the manufacture of the said compound bridges or loops. After
carbonization in this way the bridges or loops may be treated in any of the ways
set forth under the fifth part.
The seventh part consists in rolling pressing or otherwise consolidating compound
bridges or loops constructed substantially as hereinbefore set forth. The com-
pressing or consolidation may be effected under screw hydraulic or other suitable
pressure in any convenient way such as in molds or between rollers
Having now described the nature of the said invention and particularized the
same in such manner that others will be enabled to carry my improvements into
effect I claim :-
First Bridges or loops of asbestos filaments or fibres and carbon substantially
as set forth under the first part.
Second Bridges or loops of asbestos filaments or fibres in combination with
Carbon obtained from compounds containing carbon and hydrogen substantially
as sot forth under the second part
Third Bridges or loops of asbestos cords or threads or of spun asbestos with
carbon obtained from compounds containing carbon and hydrogen, substantially
in the manner set forth under the third part.
Fourth--Bridges or loops of asbestos cords or threads or of spun asbestos with
carbon obtained from carbon and hydrogen and finely divided carbon substantially
as set forth under the fourth part.
Fifth Carbonizing compound asbestos and carbon bridges or loops by the
several methods substantially as set forth under the fifth part.
Sixth-Carbonizing saccharated bridges or loops by sulphuric acid substantially
as set forth under the sixth part.
Seventh Consolidating compound bridges or loops by the treatment substantially
as set forth under the seventh part.
In witness whereof I the said Charles James Allport have hereunto set
my hand and seal this twenty fifth day of November-in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two
ומת T בד.
TEG0
TDODA
HO
MES
ALEPORT (L.S.)