Improvements in the Mode of and Apparatus for Manufacturing Hack Caps for Covering Green Bricks in Hack.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 25th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Mode of and Apparatus for Manufacturing
Hack Caps for Covering Green Bricks in Hack.
I, GEORGE ALFRED ELLT of 8 Middlesex Street St. Pancras in the County of
Middlesex, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention for improvements in the mode of and apparatus for manufacturing
back caps for covering green bricks in hack has for its object to so facilitate and
simplify the manufacture of hack caps that the same may be readily and expeditiously
constructed by unskilled labour, and consists essentially in the employment of a
special form or model on which the various parts of the back cap are successively
placed and retained in position whilst being secured together by nailing or
otherwise.
A hack cap as ordinarily constructed and for the manufacture of which my
apparatus is designed consists of a small roofed or gabled covering of wood and
comprises generally five longitudinal rails of wood to which the covering boards are
secured at the ridge, sides, and eaves respectively the side rails being also secured to
transverse battens which serve to tie the said covering board and to support the cap
on the brick hacks.
A form or model on which the hack caps are formed constructed according to my
invention comprises a rigid frame surmounted by two longitudinal rails faced on
the tops with angle iron for receiving the side rails of the hack cap and recessed to
receive two cross battens carrying metal shoes with upset ends and sides on their
extremities on which the cross battens of the hack cap are to be placed. Secured to
the outsides of the frame are brackets carrying longitudinal angle irons for receiving
the eave rails of the cap. Running centrally along the top of the frame and hinged
at one end to a cross batten is a longitudinal beam secured at its outer or free end
by means of a spring latch or other suitable fastening and having on its upper side
an iron plate extending the whole length of the cap and near its ends metal shoes
or clips formed to receive the ridge rail of the hack cap. A suitable guide and stop
are provided to insure the motion of the beam in a right plane and to prevent its
opening beyond a predetermined angle. A spring on the underside of the said beam
causes it to be automatically raised when its outer or free end is released from the
holding latch.
To construct a hack cap by means of my apparatus tie battens of the required
length are placed across the frame their ends resting in the recessed iron shoes the
longitudinal ridge side and eave rails are then placed on the respective angle iron
shoes or plates provided for their reception the covering boards being then added and
the whole secured together by nails. As the joints of the cap frame are all supported
by iron plates or angle irons the nails are all clenched when driven without any
additional labour. The longitudinal hinged beam which during the construction of
the hack cap has been rigidly secured by the latch is now released allowing of the
completed hack cap being removed from the model.
Dated this 16th day of December 1889
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Mode of and Apparatus for Manufacturing
Hack Caps for Covering Green Bricks in Hack.
I GEORGE ALFRED ELLT late of 8 Middlesex Street, St. Paneras, but now of
9 Ryland Road, Kentish Town, in the County of Middlesex, Builder do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object to so facilitate and simplify the manufacture of
hack caps that the same may be readily and expeditiously constructed by unskilled
labour, and consists essentially in the employment of a special form or model on
which the various parts of the hack cap are successively placed and retained in
position whilst being secured together by nails or otherwise.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively
an inverted plan and transverse section of a hack cap as ordinarily constructed.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation; Fig. 4 a plan and Fig. 5 a transverse section of a form
or model on which the hack cap is constructed.
A hack cap as ordinarily constructed and for the manufacture of which my
apparatus is designed consists of a small roofed or gabled covering of wood and
comprises generally five longitudinal rails of wood a. b. c. b. a. to which the covering
boards d are secured at the ridge, sides and eaves respectively the side rail 6 being
also secured to transverse battens e which serve to tie the said covering boards and
to support the cap on the brick hacks.
;
A form or model on which the hack caps are formed constructed according to this
invention comprises a rigid frame f. g. h. stiffened by the braces i and on to the
longitudinal rails 9 of which are secured the angle irons j. for receiving the side
rails of the hack cap and the metal shoes with upset edges k. for receiving the
transverse battens e. the upper table having openings left to allow the said battens to
pass as clearly shown. Secured to the sides of the frame are brackets l. carrying
longitudinal angle irons m for receiving the eave rails a of the cap. Running
centrally along the top of the frame and hinged at one end by the hinge n. to the
frame rail h. is a longitudinal beam o. whose outer end when in use is secured in its
lowered position by the spring latch p. and having on its upper side a plate q. with
upset end r. on which the ridge rail c is placed the said plate extending nearly the
whole length of the beam so that the distance between the end and the end batten s
is equal to the length of the ridge rail; and two shoe plates t are also provided with
upset edges for clipping the ridge rail to hold it accurately in position. When the
beam is released by the withdrawal of the latch bolt p the spring.u or its equivalent
"forces it into the elevated position shown in dotted lines, its angular motion being
limited by a bolt v. passing through the slot w. in the beam and secured to the
.brackets.c. which brackets serve also to guide the beam o. in a vertical plane. Trays y.
for containing nails are provided and attached to either end of the frame as shown.
To construct a hack cap by means of my apparatus tie battens e of the required
length are placed across the frame, their ends resting in the recessed iron shoes k.
the longitudinal ridge, side, and eave rails are then placed on the respective angle
iron shoes or plates provided for their reception the covering board being then
added and the whole secured together by nails. As the rails of the cap frame are
all supported by iron plates or angle irons the nails are all clenched when driven
without any additional labour. The longitudinal hinged beam, which during the
construction of the hack cap has been rigidly secured by the latch p is now released
allowing of the completed hack cap being removed from the model.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. In the manufacture of back cans the employment of a form or modal consisting

page_text: of metal shoes and plates for holding the different rails and battens of the cap
accurately in position while the covering is being nailed to them, so that the said
nails are clenched without additional labour substantially as described.
2. The employment of the hinged lever for supporting the ridge rail of the cap
so that when the manufacture of a cap is complete the said lever is released by
the latch bolt to permit of the withdrawal of the finished cap substantially as
described.
3. The arrangement and construction of apparatus for the manufacture of hack
caps for covering green bricks in hack substantially as described with reference to
the drawings.
TL: tith low of Santambar 1890
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
Agents.