Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Salt.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 25th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Salt.
Communicated from abroad by Dr. SIGISMUND PICK, of Szczakowa, in
Galicia.
1. EDWARD GEORGE LAWRANCE, of 74 Lancaster Gate, in the County of
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to enable salt to be rapidly and economically dried
for which purpose the salt is caused to pass through an oven or drying apparatus
constructed with end and intermediate compartments or chambers and suitably
heated, the salt to be dried being introduced into one end compartment or chamber
provided with an outer door or doors which is or are then closed, after which a
door or doors between this end compartment or chamber and an inner one is or are
opened and the salt is caused to pass into this inner compartment or chamber
whereupon the door or doors last referred to is or are closed. The salt is caused
to pass in an intermittent or continuous manner through the portion of the apparatus
intermediate between the end compartments or chambers, and when sufficiently dry
a door or doors between the outer compartiment at the delivery end and the inter-
mediate portion of the apparatus is or are opened, the salt is caused to pass into
this end chamber, then the door or doors leading to the inner compartment is or are
closed after which the outer door or doors of this end compartment can be opened
and the dried salt be withdrawn.
The object of the end compartments or chambers is to enable an even temperature
to be maintained in that portion of the oven or apparatus intermediate between the
two end chambers, and to prevent an inrush of cold air to the said intermediate or
main portion.
This invention can be carried out in various forms; thus the doors between the
several compartments or chambers may be made to open and close by sliding or
otherwise; the heating may be effected by introduction of hot dry air or by means
of a system of steam pipes, hot water pipes, heated flues or otherwise; and the salt
may be passed through the drying apparatus either by means of trucks, wagons,
worms, endless travelling bands, carriers, or other suitable mechanical appliance,
such as will allow the salt to be kept within the apparatus a sufficient time to ensure
its becoming thoroughly dried before being passed into the outer chamber at the
exit end.
It will be understood that as salt to be dried is passed from the outer chamber at
the entrance end into the inner portion of the apparatus, other salt to be dried is
introduced into such outer chamber and that as dried salt is withdrawn from the
exit end of the apparatus the salt remaining in the chamber is moved sufficiently
towards the exit end to make room for the salt just previously contained in the outer
chamber at the entrance end and so forth.
1
1000

page_text: .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Salt..
Communicated from abroad by Dr. SIGISMUND PICK, of Szczakowa, in
Galicia.
I, EDWARD GEORGE LAWRANCE, of 74 Lancaster Gate, in the County of
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following stateinent:-
The object of this invention is to enable salt to be rapidly and economically dried
for which purpose the salt is caused to pass through an oven or drying apparatus
constructed with end and intermediate compartments or chambers (hereinafter called
compartments) and suitably heated, the salt to be dried being introduced into one:
end compartment provided with an outer door or doors which is or are then closed,
after which a door or doors between this end compartment and an inner one is or
are opened and the salt is caused to pass into this inner compartment whereupon the
: door or doors last referred to is or are closed. The salt is caused to pass in an
intermittent or continuous manner through the portion of the apparatus intermediate
between the end compartments, and when sufficiently dry a door or doors between
the outer compartment at the delivery end and the intermediate portion of the
apparatus is or are opened, the salt is caused to pass into this end chamber, then the
door or doors leading to the inner compartment is or are closed, after which the outer
door or doors of this end compartment 'can be opened and the dried salt be
withdrawn.
The object of the end compartments is to enable an even temperature to be
maintained in that portion of the oven or apparatus intermediate between the two
end compartments and to prevent an inrush of cold air to the said intermediate or
main portion.
This invention can be carried out in various forms; thus the doors between the
several compartments or chambers may be made to open and close by sliding, or
otherwise; the heating may be effected by introduction of hot dry air, or by means
of a system of steam pipes or hot water pipes, heated flues or otherwise; and the
salt may be passed through the drying apparatus either by means of trucks,
wagons, worms, endless travelling bands, carriers, or other suitable mechanical
appliance, such as will allow the salt to be kept within the apparatus a sufficient time
to ensure its becoming thoroughly dried before being passed into the outer chamber
at the exit end.
It will be understood that as salt to be dried is passed from the outer compart-
ment at the entrance end into the inner portion of the apparatus, other salt to be
dried can be introduced into such outer chamber and that as dried salt is withdrawn
from the exit end of the apparatus the salt remaining in the inner compartment
can be moved sufficiently towards the exit end to make room for the salt just
previously contained in the outer compartment at the entrance end and so
forth.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation ;
Fig. 2 a plan and
Fig. 3 a transverse section of an oven or apparatus for drying salt constructed
according to this invention.
1 and 2 are the end compartments and 3 the intermediate compartiment of the
oven or apparatus, the walls and roof of which are constructed of any suitable
material such as brickwork, strengthened in any convenient manner as by channel
iron 3 and angle iron 3. Each end compartment is provided with an outer hinged
door 4 opening outwards and downwards, and at its inner end is a door 5 that
separates it from the intermediate compartment 3 wherein the drying of the salt is

page_text: mainly effected. Each door 5 is raised and lowered, to close and open respectively,
the communication between the corresponding end compartment and the intermediate
compartment, by the ram 6 of a hydraulic cylinder placed in a suitable well as
shown. The distribution of water under pressure to and from the cylinder is
effected by any suitable arrangement of valve mechanism indicated at 8, controlled
by a hand lever 9, 10 is an inlet for admitting hot air to the intermediate compart-
ment, and 11 is an outlet for hot air and water vapour.
In the arrangement shown the salt to be dried, which may be in the form of
blocks 12, is supported in a frame or carrier 13 suspended by a hanger 14 from a
frame 15 in which are journalled wheels 16 arranged to run upon a rail 17. This
rail is carried by bracket 18, and extends longitudinally within a tunnel 19 arranged
lengthwise above and in communication with the end and intermediate compart-
ments 1, 2 and 3. The tunnel 17 is provided with a hinged door 18 at each end
and with inner vertically sliding doors 19. These doors, when closed form
continuations of the doors 4 and 5 and serve to divide the tunnel into end and
intermediate compartments corresponding to the end and intermediate compart-
ments 1. 2 and 3. The rail 17 is divided at 17ª and 17b, in the plane of the sliding
doors 19 to enable these doors to be raised and lowered by their levers 20. The
rail 17 is provided with hinged portions 17, each of which can after the corre-
sponding door 18 has been turned upwards into the position shown in dotted lines
in Fig. 1, be turned down to form a continuation of the horizontal portions of the
rail inside and outside the oven, so that the suspended salt carrier can be easily run
into or out of the end compartments 1 and 2.
Each outer door 4 has fixed to its outer side a bracket 21 formed with a guide or
bearing 22 for a short rack 23 arranged to pass through a hole in the door and
reciprocated by a toothed wheel 24 and pinion 25 driven by any suitable means, as
for example, by a crank handle. By these means, after the salt carrier has been
pushed into one of the end compartments and the outer door 4 has been closed and
the inner one 5 opened, it can be pushed into the intermediate compartment by
moving the rack inward.
With the arrangement described, the salt carrier 3 with the salt to be dried, is
moved into the position shown in Fig. 1. The outer doors 4 and 18 at the left
hand end of the apparatus are then opened, the corresponding inner ones 5 and 19
being closed. The left hand hinged portion 17 of rail at the left hand side of the
apparatus is then turned down to form a continuation of the other portions, and
the salt carrier 13 is pushed into the end compartment 1. The hinged portion of
rail is then turned upward as shown in dotted lines, the outer doors
and 18 are
closed, and the inner ones 5 and 19 opened. The rack 22 at the left hand end of
the apparatus is then moved inward to push the salt carrier into the intermediate
compartment, after which the inner doors 5 and 19 are closed these operations being
repeated to pass other salt carriers into the intermediate compartment until this
compartment is full. When the salt carried by the carrier first introduced into
the intermediate compartment is sufficiently dry, the inner doors 5 and 19 at the
right hand side of the apparatus (Fig. 1) are opened, and the salt carrier pushed
into the end compartment 2 by introducing a fresh carrier into the left hand end of
the intermediate compartment, in the manner described. The inner doors and 19
at the right hand end are then closed, the outer ones 4 and 18 opened, the right
hand hinged portion 17° of rail turned down into line with the fixed horizontal
portions, and the salt carrier removed, after which the said hinged portion of rail
is again turned upward, and the outer doors closed, these operations being repeated
when the salt carried by the carrier nearest the right hand end of the apparatus is
sufficiently dry.
As will be obvious the salt to be dried may be supported upon open wagons that
can travel upon rails along the floor of the compartments, the wagons being moved
through the apparatus in the manner herein before described for the suspended
carriers others in advance of it.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An oven or apparatus for drying salt constructed with end compartments and
with an intermediate drying compartment that can be heated by the passage there-
through, or through conduits located therein or in the wall thereof, of a heating
medium, each end compartment being provided with an outer door or doors,
and there being a door or doors between each end compartment and the inter-
mediate compartment substantially as hereinbefore described for the purpose
specified.
2. An oven or apparatus of the kind referred to in the preceding claim con-
structed with a carrying rail or support for the salt carrier and with means for
causing the said salt carrier to move through the intermediate drying chamber,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The improved apparatus for drying salt substantially as described and
shown.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.