Improvements in Axle-arms for Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 14th May, 1900-Accepted, 16th June, 1900
Improvements in Axle-arms for Vehicles.
I, BRUNO WESSELMANN, of 1, Luisenplatz, Berlin, in the Kingdom. of Prussia,
Empire of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
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My invention relates to an axle-pin for vehicles, carriages and the like, the
essential feature being that the middle part is formed somewhat like a screw.
This form of the axle-pin affords several important advantages. In the first
place a better support of the axle is obtained and at the same time, the advantage,
that plenty of grease can be held in the bearing box. Owing to the fact that
the two ends of the pin proper are in the form of full cylindrical or conical pins,
the grease is secured against being pressed out of the bearing, box. Preferably
the middle part is made by twisting a prismatic or similar body, in which case
the advantage is obtained, that the pin would be guaranteed to be strong and
reliable, since only good and first quality of iron and steel will stand the twisting
and thereby prove itself fit for the purpose. The spiral grooves or recesses of
the middle part of the axle-piu may also be produced by milling or cutting out.
As axle-pins are produced in great quantities, the simplification of their manu-
facture is of considerable importance. In the present case it is best, that the
middle part of the axle-pin be produced by twisting. Thereby the material
is improved, especially as regards its resistance against impression being in-
creased. Furthermore the material may be economized, there being no need
to remove parts of the material to produce the grooves or recesses. Moreover
the work may be considerably simplified by the twisting of the middle part of
the axle-pin, since no machine tools need be employed for cutting out the recesses.
The middle part of the axle-pin may also be produced by forging or pressing
in spiral dies.
The axle-pin consists of three parts of which the middle part may be square
or triangular in cross section or formed of any suitable prismatic section. The
sides of these cross sections may be straight, or they may be curved or bent
towards the centre. The middle part is formed similar to a screw and presents
spiral grooves or recesses. To the middle part adjoin the other parts forming
the pin proper, said parts being full circular in cross section. These parts are
chiefly intended for supporting the axle, since they take up the stresses of
the wheel. In the middle part, the axle-pin will rest on the nave box of the
wheel in a spiral narrow surface, instead of resting on the straight bottom part
of the surface as in an entirely cylindrical or conical axle-pin. This is considered
to be advantageous.
It will be understood, that the spiral grooves or recesses of the middle part
will hold a considerable quantity of grease or lubricating material inside the
nave box, so that the lubricating material need only be renewed at long intervals.
Owing to the fact that the nave box is closed at the ends by the parts circular in
cross-section of the axle-pin, the lubricating material will be retained very
effectively, and prevented from getting out of the bearing box.
The bearing box may be of any shape and construction. The construction of

page_text: the nave and the manner of journalling the axle-pin in the nave may be varied
or altered according to the kind of carriage or vehicle and the weights of the load
to be carried. The axle-pin may be solid or hollow. It may be made in one
piece with the axle, or it may be fixed in a detachable manner to the axle. For
instance the pin may be provided with a shank adapted to fit in a tube-like axle
and a flange for attaching it to the flange of the said tube-like axle by means
of bolts.
In case the middle part of the axle-pin be produced by the twisting of a
prismatic body, the axle-pin may be provided with recesses before the twisting.
These recesses of the middle part may be produced by forging or pressing in
suitable dies, or they may be produced by cutting out suitable pieces from the
full cylinder, say by milling planing or cutting. The axle-pin may then be
heated in a fire and twisted.
Dated this 15th day of August 1899
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, BRUNO WESSELMANN, of 1, Luisenplatz, Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia,
Empire of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to axle-arms for vehicles, carriages and the like, the
essential feature being that the middle part is formed somewhat like a screw.
This form of axle-arm affords several important advantages, in the first place
a better support of the axle is obtained, and at the same time a sufficient quantity
of grease may be held in the hearing box for effective lubrication. Owing to
the fact, that the two ends of the arm proper are of full cylindrical or conical
form, the lubricant is secure against being pressed out of the bearing box.
The middle part is preferably made by twisting a prismatic or similar body, thus
obtaining a strong and reliable axle arm, since only good quality iron or steel
will stand the strain of twisting and thereby prove itself fit for the purpose. It
is of course obvious that the spiral grooves or recesses of the middle part of the
axle-arm may if desired be produced by milling or cutting out.
As axle-arms are produced in great quantities, the simplification of their
manufacture is of considerable importance, and as, according to this invention,
the middle part of the axle-arm is preferably produced by twisting, the material
is improved, especially as regards its resistance against compression or shearing
strains. Moreover great economy in material is effected as it is unnecessary to
cut away or remove parts of the material, to produce the grooves or recesses, and
the work may be considerably simplified by such twisting of the middle part
of the axle-arm, since no machine tools need be employed for cutting out the
recesses. The middle part of the axle-arm may also if desired be produced by
forging or pressing in spiral dies, or the like.
In order that my invention may be readily understood and carried into effect
I will describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which :
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an axle-arm constructed in accordance
with my invention, and shown in position in the nave box of a wheel.

page_text: Figures 2 and 3 are cross sections of my improved axle-arm.
Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
The axle-arm consists of three parts, a, b and c, of which the middle part
may be square in cross section as shown in Figure 3, or triangular in cross
section as shown in Figure 2, or it may be formed of any suitable prismatic
section. The sides of these cross sections may be straight, as shown, or they
may be curved or bent towards the centre. The middle part b is formed similar
to a screw, and presents spiral grooves or recesses. To the middle part b adjoin the
other parts a and c of the axle arm proper, said parts being full circular in
cross section. These parts a and c are chiefly intended to support the axle, since
they take up the stresses of the wheel in the direction of the two arrows 1, 1 or in
those of the two arrows 2-2.
It will be understood that the spiral grooves or recesses of the middle part b
will hold a considerable quantity of grease or lubricating material inside the
nave box, so that such lubricating material need only be renewed at long
intervals. Owing to the fact that the nave box is closed at the ends by the
circular parts a and c of the axle-arm, the lubricating material will be effectively
retained, and prevented from leaking out of the bearing box 7.
The bearing box g and the nave of the wheel may be of any suitable shape and
construction, and the manner of journalling the axle-arm in the nave may be
varied or altered according to the kind of carriage or vehicle, and the weight of
the loads to be carried. The axle-arm may be solid or hollow as found most
desirable, and it may be made in one piece with the axle, or it may be fixed in
a detachable manner to the axle. For example in Figure 1 the arm is shown
provided with a shank e, adapted to fit in the tube-like axle k, and with a flange d
for the purpose of attaching it to the flange f of the said tube-like axle
means of bolts h.
by
In case the middle part 6 of the axle-arm be produced by the twisting of a pris-
matic body, it may be provided with recesses before twisting, and these recesses
may be formed by forging or pressing in suitable dies, or by cutting out suitable
pieces from the full cylinder, such as for instance by milling, planing or cutting.
The axle-arm may then be heated in a fire and twisted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
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1. An axle-arm consisting of a central part in the form of a spirally twisted
shaft of nearly prismatical cross section, and two end parts of full circular cross
section, substantially as set forth.
2. An axle-arm, the middle part of which, in the shape of a prism, is twisted,
substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with a nave box, of an axle-arm the end parts of which
close said nave box and prevent the lubricating material from being pressed out,
while the middle part of said axle arm is provided with spiral recesses for the
lubricating material, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 14th day of May 1900.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.