IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Longuiaid, of 65, Beaumont
Square, Mile End, in the County of Middlesex, for the
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Williani
|_ Longmaid at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 11th August 1853.
my
Speci
I WILLIAM LONGMAID, of 65, Beaumont Square, Mile End, Provi
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE."
to be as follows:
:
::My Invention relates to the decomposition of certain organic
substances, such as sea weed, peat, and others, by means of potash,
soda, and lime, or sonie or one of them, and reducing such com-

page_text: pounds to a powder, suitable to be used as a manure by means of
a drill or otherwise. For this purpose the sea weed or vegetable
matter is boiled with a solution of alkali till the water is evapo-
rated. The product is then around
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said William Longmaid in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th February 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,
I, WILLIAM LONG MAID, of 65, Beaumont Square, Mile End, in
LONGMAID,
the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
three, in the seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her
heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William
Longmaid, Her special licence that I, the said William Longmaid,
iny executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said William Longmaid, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully night make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Longmaid, by an in-
strument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Juvention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOWY ZNAW
that I thal William Lonemaid do

page_text: hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what s
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof (that
is to say):
My Invention relates to the decomposition of certain organic
substances, such as sea weed, peat, and others, by means of potash,
soda, and lime, and reducing such compounds, or sonic or one of
them, to a powder, suitable to be used as a manure by means of
a drill.
Having stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner in which I carry the same into practical
effect.
:
I cut sea weed into short lengths by means of a chaff cutter or
other suitable instrument, and I then immerse it in a solution of
caustic potash or soda of about twelve degrees Twaddle's hydro-
meter. I render the alkali caustic by means of lime, or the alkali
may be used in the condition of carbonate. Having removed the
material from the lye, I allow it to drain; I then submit it to the
action of heat so as to evaporate the water, which I find best
accomplished at a temperature of about two hundred and thirty
degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer. I then grind such material
to render it suitable to be applied as a manure by a drill. I treat
peat reduced to fragments in the manner above described.
Other organic matters may be added, such as straw or litter, or
animal or vegetable remains, or other organic matters. I also dry
such compounds as described in respect to sea weed at a tempera-
ture sufficiently high to evaporate the water of such compounds
without charring the organic portions; I then grind the product
to render it suitable for being applied as manure by means of a
drill or otherwise.
I would observe I do not confine myself to the precise details
herein described. But what I claim is, the decomposition and
manufacture of sea weed, peat, and other vegetable matters into
manure with or without animal matters; but I do not claim

page_text: the use of animal matters acted on by alkali when separately
considered.
In 'witness whereof, I, the said William Longmaid, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-four..
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL..
WILLIAM LONGMAID. (L.S.)