IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Holden, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons,
Machine Wool Combers, of Bradford, in the County of York, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN CARDING WOOL AND
OTHER FIBRES."
Sealed the 28th October 1879, and dated the 30th April 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Holden at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1879.
..
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, Machine Wool Combers,
of Bradford, in the County of York. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
The object of my Invention is to reduce the tendency to breakage of fibre during
the operation of carding the same, and generally to obtain better cardings.
I effect this object, as described in the Specification of an application for Letters
Patent made by me on the Tenth day of this present month of April, No. 1431, by
subjecting the fibre to the successive operations of card rollers acting as lickers-in
or opening card rollers. And I now find that I am enabled to obtain very beneficial
results by certain variations in construction and use of parts of arrangements of
carding engines now in operation.
Assuming a series of card feed rollers to be in use, say four, called lickers-in or
opening card rollers (with a worker to each) feeding on to a first main cylinder, I
retain such lickers-in or opening card rollers with their workers, but in order to
economise the draught on the fibre I reduce the speed of these rollers and I vary
their relative speeds. Thus supposing the surface speed of the first of such lickers-
in or opening card rollers to be about 280 inches to the minute; that of the second
may be about 596 inches to the minute; that of the third, say, 1,152 inches to the
minute, and of the fourth (say) 2,304 inches to the minute, I retain the working
rollers and the stripping rollers to such first main cylinder, but which I now propose
to use as a licker-in or opening card roller. I give a surface speed to such first
main card cylinder of (say) 4,608 inches to the minute. I dispense with the use of
the "fancy" roller to such first main cylinder, and I set the card teeth of the doffer
Dnias RJ1

page_text: working with this first main cylinder to point in the opposite direction to that
adopted in practice with such roller used as a " doffer" though the direction of
motion of these rollers is retained, and I cause this "doffer" to travel at a surface
speed of (say) 9,216 inches to the minute. This doffer then as a licker-in or
opening card roller feeds direct onto the surface of the second main cylinder, which
then in fact becomes the main or the front main cylinder without the necessity for
the aid of an angle stripping roller.
doffer,"
By such arrangement of the parts the first or front main cylinder and its "
with workers and strippers to such main cylinder, and the application of workers
and stripper or strippers to such doffer roller, both become lickers-in or opening
card rollers or cylinders to feed the second or back main cylinder, which then alone
becomes the main or front main cylinder, and with its parts is worked accordingly.
The speeds and relative speeds referred to must be regarded as simply approxi-
mate speeds, but I do not confine myself to them so long as the desired transfer of
the fibre from the teeth of one surface to another is duly effected.
I employ travelling belts supported by suitable pulleys to act across the opening
rollers with brushes or leather flaps to clean the burr receptacles, as described in
the said former Specification.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Isaac Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th October
1879.
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, Machine Wool Combers,
of Bradford, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
The object of my Invention is to reduce the tendency to breakage of fibre during
the operation of carding the same, and generally to obtain better cardings.
or
I effect this object, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
me bearing date the 10th day of April of this present year, No. 1431, by subjecting
the fibre to the successive operations of card rollers acting as "lickers-in"
opening" card rollers. And I now find that I am enabled to obtain very bene-
ficial results by certain variations in construction and use of parts of arrangements
of carding engines now in operation.
«
"
"
"
Assuming a series of card feed rollers to be in use, say four, called "lickers-in "
or opening card rollers (with a worker to each) feeding on to a first main
cylinder, I retain such "lickers-in" or "opening" card rollers with their "workers,"
but in order to economise the draught on the fibre I reduce the speed of these
rollers and I vary their relative speeds. Thus supposing the surface speed of the
first of such "lickers-in" or "opening" card rollers to be about 280 inches to the
minute, that of the second may be about 596 inches to the minute; that of the
third, say, 1,152 inches to the minute, and of the fourth, say, 2,304 inches to the
minute. I retain the "working" rollers and the "stripping" rollers to such first
main cylinder, but which I now propose to use as a "licker-in or "opening" card
roller. I give a surface speed to such first main cylinder of, say, 4,608 inches to
the minute. I dispense with the use of the "fancy" roller to such first main
cylinder, and I set the card teeth of the "doffer" roller working with this first
main cylinder to point in the opposite direction to that now adopted in practice
with such roller used as a "doffer," though the direction of notion of these rollers
is retained, and I cause this "doffer" roller to travel at a surface speed of, say,
9,216 inches to the minute. This "doffer" roller then as a "licker-in"
opening" card roller feeds direct onto the surface of the second main cylinder,
which then in fact becomes the main or the front main cylinder without the
necessity for the aid of an angle "stripping" roller.
«
or
"
By such arrangement of the parts the first or front main cylinder and its "doffer"
roller with "workers" and "strippers" to such main cylinder, and the application
of "workers' "
and "stripper" or "strippers" to such doffer roller, both become
"lickers-in or "opening" card rollers or cylinders to feed the second or back main
cylinder, which then alone becomes the main or front main cylinder, and with its
parts is worked. accordingly.
37
The speeds and relative speeds referred to must be regarded as simply approxi-
mate speeds, but I do not confine myself to them so long as the desired transfer of
the fibre from the teeth of one surface to another is duly effected.
But that the Invention may be the better understood, I will, by the aid of the
accompanying diagram, proceed to describe an arrangement of parts according to
my present improvements.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
In this diagram a, a, represent the feeding card rollers, and a² the stripper
thereto; b, b, and c, c, represent the "opening" or "licker-in" rollers, as heretofore
employed; A represents what, according to arrangements heretofore adopted, would
be the first "main" card cylinder, and B what would be the doffer" roller
"

page_text: ແ
Invention, these two cylinders A and B are employed as opening" card or
"licker-in" rollers, and they operate with the other "opening" card or "licker-in "
rollers b, b, and c, c, to feed the fibre under operation to what, according to arrange-
ments heretofore adopted, would be the second main cylinder, but which, according
to my present improvements, becomes the main cylinder or a first main cylinder d,
and as such it is supplied with a "fancy" n, "working" rollers o, o, strippers p, p,
and "doffer" roller q, and "doffer" in the usual way; e, e, e, are "working" rollers,
and fand g, "strippers" to the "opening" or licker-in" rollers; j are "burring
or "guard" rollers, all as described in the said former Specification.
"
*
"1
These " guard or "burring" rollers j are provided with "burring" receptacles
and suitable brushes or flaps or other traversing clearing means to clear away the
burrs therefrom. k, k, and 7 are other-burring rollers, and m is a guard plate in
connection with the roller Z.
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise arrangements of parts, as shown and described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of my present improvements; but
what I do claim is the arranging or combining and operating parts of apparatus
employed in carding wool and other fibres, whereby one of the main cylinders and
its doffer roller become parts of the series of "opening" card or "licker-in" rollers
to feed the main card cylinder or a first main card cylinder, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Holden, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this 22nd day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
ISAAC HOLDEN. (L.S.)