Improvements in Incandescence Bodies for Gas and other Burners.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1897-Accepted, 2nd Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescence Bodies for Gas and other Burners.
I, ALBIN KIESEWALTER, Chemist and Engineer, of Limburg (Lahn) Germany,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The present application relates to an improved incandescence body for lighting
purposes. The incandescence body is prepared in the following manner:-Pure
oxide of magnesium and pure oxide of barium are mixed in suitable proportions,
and this mixture has then added to it a small percentage of a volatile oxide of a
heavy metal, such for instance as oxide of antimony, oxide of bismuth, or the
like. The whole mixture is then brought to igneous fusion in a closed vessel.
The preparation thus obtained is then reduced to a fine powder, and dissolved in
a suitable acid, and is then ready for use as material for the preparation of in-
candescence bodies. The object of the fusing of the mixture is that on the one
hand a chemical combination of the separate component parts is caused, and
on the other hand to remove from the same the capacity for volatilizing which
it would have in its raw state, and moreover to reduce the same to the smallest
possible bulk. The powerful heating of the mixed materials would not suffice
to remove the volatilization capacity because by means thereof there would only
be partially expelled the water chemically combined in the raw materials, and
thus the capacity for volatilization possessed by the mixture would not be reduced
to the necessary extent. By means of the smelting of the mixed materials a
preparation is obtained, the single components of which have undergone a
chemical combination whereby an entirely new glassy material is produced having
new qualities which no longer resemble those of the separate component parts.
The glassy mass thus obtained is pulverized' very fine, then dissolved by means
of acid, and organic substances are saturated with this solution, and may then
be suitably arranged to serve as incandescence bodies. The mass obtained in the
manner above set forth is characterised by possessing when employed in an in-
candescence body extremely little capacity for volatilization, and in consequence
of the chemical combination of the separate component parts gives a clearer
and more brilliant light than would be given by an incandescence body formed
of the same materials which had not been fused together. The consequence of
the reduced capacity for volatilization of the mass is an increased permanence
of the mantle or incandescence body formed from the same, because in mantles
constructed of organic fibres suitably arranged and saturated the finely divided
remaining incandescence material which remains behind in the form of the
fibres when the mantle has been burned, and which still retains the said form
after the burning, cannot be brought into motion through the volatilizing process,
and consequently is not exposed to the danger of breaking. When it is desirable
to effect the production of special colours of light thorium oxide, calcium oxide,
silica, and zirconia, can be added in such manner that an equivalent amount of
the magnesium oxide is left out, and in place thereof silica or zirconia or the
like is employed. If it is desired to avoid a yellow or reddish yellow colour of light

page_text: in place of silica or zirconia oxide of calcium or with thorium may be employed
either each separately by itself or both intermixed with one another, whereby a
bluish or yellowish light is obtained. These metallic oxides may therefore be
made use of in the combinations above set forth intermixed according to the. effect
upon the light which the same are capable of exercising. The mixtures prepared
according to the above requirements are then brought into igneous fusion, and
subsequently dissolved in acid for the preparation of incandescence bodies as before.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner, the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The preparation of incandescence lighting mass in such manner that. a
mixture of barium oxide and of magnesium oxide together with a small quantity
of antimony oxide or of bismuth oxide is brought into igneous fusion, and the
mass thus formed dissolved in acid for further use.
;
2. In incandescence material such as set forth in Claim 1 the replacing of the
magnesium oxide by zirconia or by silica, wherein further zirconia may be in
turn replaced by oxide of thorium or oxide of calcium either in combinations one
with another or singly with the omission of zirconia or of silica in the mixtures
substantially as described.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.