MY NEW INVENTED STOVE UPON A NEW PRINCIPLE, WHEREBY GREAT ADVANTAGES WILL ARISE TO THE PUBLIC IN EVERY INSTANCE WHERE SUCH AN APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE
Year: 1796

page_text: TO ALL PEOPLE TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
RALPH WEDGWOOD, of the Hill, in Burslem, in tho County of Stafford, Potter,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under His Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Third day of October, in the Thirty-sixth year of His reign, did
grant unto me, the said Ralph Wedgwood, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
His said Majesty's especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority,
that I, the said Ralph Wedgwood, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, and every
of them, by myself and themselves, or by mine and their deputy or deputies,
servants or agents, or such others as I; the said Ralph Wedgwood, my exors,
adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend "MY NEW INVENTED
STOVE UPON A NEW PRINCIPLE, WHEREBY GREAT ADVANTAGES WILL ARISE TO THE
PUBLIC IN EVERY INSTANCE WHERE SUCH AN APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE," within that
part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, in such manner as
to me, the said Ralph Wedgwood, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or any
of them, should in his or their discretions seem meet, and that I, the said

page_text: Ralph Wedgwood, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might
have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from
time to time coming, growing, accruing, and arising by reason of the said
Invention, for and during the term of years therein mentioned, to havo, hold,
exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages
therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted unto me, the said Ralph
Wedgwood, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, for and during and unto the full
end and term of fourteen years from the date thereof next and immediately
ensuing, and fully to be compleat and ended according to the Statute in such
enso made and provided; in which said recited Letters Patent is contained a
proviso that if I, the said Ralph Wedgwood, should not particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal,
and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within one calendar month next and immediately after the date thereof,
that then the said recited Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void,
anything therein-before contained to the contrary in anywise notwithstanding,
as in and by the said recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ralph Wedgwood, do hereby declare
my said Invention, and declare that the same is of the description and to be
performed as in the Plan drawn thereof hereunto annexed, and berein-after
particularly mentioned, in manner following (that is to say): :-
My stove, which is applicable to various manufactorics, is calculated
principally for the use of manufacturers of earthenware and china. It consists
in part of a potter's oven, of any shape or size, with the fire-places situated
within and adjoining to the interior diameter of the exterior walls or under
the bottom of the oven part of the stove, instead of being placed as was usual
on the outside of the oven, and within this part of the stove, glass, bricks, tiles,
and all other substances which require intense heat may be baked, fused,
roasted, or calcined, which 1 effect in two ways, in the first place, by placing
underneath the bags or upright flucs an ash grate and ash holo, in the manner
of an air furnace. The fuel I introduce through a door in the side of the bag
about nino inches square and about twenty-four inches above the top of the
ash holo; betwixt this door or feeder and over the ash hole. I place another
wide grate for the farther admission of air and for clearing the bottom ash
grate of cinders.
In the second place, 1 place the fire in flues under the
bottom of the oven, running in lines from the circumference to the centro of

page_text: the oven, the width of which are from seven to twelve inches and the depth
from sixteen to twenty inches; underneath these flues I use grates and ash
holes, in the manner of an air furnace. The flame passes out at the top of
these flues, through apertures from eight to twelve inches, as under, and from
two to eight inches square, which flame rises perpendicularly amongst the
saggers, or, if necessary, it is screened from them by small loose pipes, to be
placed over the apertures, and of the same size with the apertures. The
feeders are at that end of each flue which joins the exterior wall of the oven,
and are about nine inches square, and are to be at the top of the fire-place;
when the flame has passed through the oven, I introduce it under various flues
built at the top of the oven and around that circumference of the hovel which
is on a level with the oven top; the floor upon which the flues rest is
supported by cast iron bars passing from the oven top to the hovel side. The
top part of these flues is overlaid with quarry, in the manner of slip kilns in
general, and is convenient for drying clay or roasting, drying, boiling, or
baking any substances which require a less degree of heat than is supplied
from the oven part of the stove. The lower floor of the flues passing parallel
with the circumference of the hovel is formed of plates of cast or wrought iron,
or of earthenware tiles; by means of the under part of these flues the room
below is rendered of a proper heat for stoveing any kind of goods. To increase
the heat of this room I leave pannels in those sides of the oven part of the stove
which are opposite thereto. These pannels are to be from two inches and
half to four inches thick, and transmit much heat. When the flame and
current of heated air have passed the circumference of the hovel, I introduce
it by means of thin iron or clay pipes through various other apartments which
require less degrees of heat. To accelerate the draught of this stove and to
raise the heat I cause a column of the steam of water to pass through the fire
at the ash grate or any other convenient part; the several parts of the stove
are delineated in the several Figures or Drawings thereof hereunto annexed.
The Figure No 1 describes the basement of the oven part of the stove, and
the letters a in that Figure describe the foundation of the exterior wall of the
oven part of the stove. The letters 6 in that Figure describe the foundation
of the bags or flues. The letters c in that Figure describe the ash holes. The
Figure No 2 describes the first floor of the oven part of the stove, and the
letters a in this Figure describe the exterior wall; and the letters 6 in this.
Figure describe the fire-place and the ash grates at the bottom of the fire-
places. The letters c in this Figure describe circular flues passing out of the
sides of the fire-places and communicating with the central flue at the
letter e in this Figure by the flues .. The letters in this Figure

page_text: I
are horizontal flues communicating with the central flue in this Figure.
The letters in this Figure, at the broad end of the angular form, describo
angular bricks to be placed in the middle of the broad end of the
flucs d, in this Figure, for the purpose of conducting the flames passing
from the fire-places through the fluces d, in this Figure, into the central
fluo e, in this Figure. The Figure N° 3 describes the exterior form
of the oven part of the stove, and the letters a in this Figure describe
the ash holes. The letters 6 in this Figuro describe the registers. The
letters c in this Figure describo the door to the registers, and the places at
the letters in this Figure also serve for feeders to the fire-places. The
letters d in this Figure describe spy-holes. The letters e in this Figure describe
the pannels. The letter f in this Figure describes the door into the oven
part of the stove. The letters 9 in this Figure describe iron bonds for keep-
ing the work together. The letters h in this Figuro describe projecting bricks
to support the bonds. The letters i in this Figure describe the wide grates for
the further admission of air, and for clearing the bottom ash grate of cinders.
The Figure N° 4 describes the first floor of the kiln part of the stove; and
the letters a in this Figure describe the aperture from which the fire issues at
the top of the oven part of the stove. The letters in this Figure describe
flues passing from the side of the aperture (a, in this Figure). The letters c
in this Figure describe brick walls dividing the aperture a in this Figure.
The letters d in this Figure describe brick walls to support the kiln quarry.
The
spaces described by arrows in this Figure are the flues for the passage of
the current of heat and smoke under the kiln quarry.
Figure describe the road or passage around the kiln.
Figure describes the door or hatchway into the passage.
Figure describe the kiln walls. The letters & in this
hovel walls. The letter in this Figure describes the chimney wall.
The Figure No 5 describes the covering or top of the kiln part of the
stove. The letters a in this Figure describe the road or passage. The
letter in this Figure describes the entranco to the passage.
letters c in this Figure describe the kiln walls. The letter d in this Figuro
describes the chimney wall. The letters e in this Figure describe the passage
of the chimney. The letters f in this Figure describe the hovel walls. The
single lines verging towards the centre describe the quarry or covering of the
kiln. The letters g in this Figure describe the circular wall or mid-feather,
dividing the flues and supporting the quarry. The letters h in this Figure
describe a small projection for supporting the kiln quarry.
The letters e in this
The letter f in this
The letters g in this
Figuro describe the
Tho
The Figure N° 6 describes a section of the stove compleat in all its parts.

page_text: The letters a in this Figure describe the sagger house. The letters 6 in this
Figure describe the stove room. The letter c in this Figure describes the
kiln room. The letter d in this Figure describes a room over the stove room.
The letters describe the windows: The letters f describe the spars of the
roof. The letters 9 describe the roof. The letters h describe the walls of tho
hovel. The letters i describe the upright walls of the oven. The letter k
describe the arch or dome of the oven. The letters / describe the apertures at
the top of the oven. The letters m describe the ash holes. The letters 12 de-
scribe the bags or upright flues. The letters o describe the section of the
circular flue marked with the letter e in Figure N° 2. The letter p describes
the central flue into which the flues marked with the letters c, d, f, in Figure
N° 2 discharge themselves. The letters 7 describe the floor of the stove room.
The letter r describes the passage or doorway into this room. The letters s
describe cast iron bars to support the floor of the kiln room. The small single
lines over the letter & describe the iron plates or earthen tiles at the bottom of
the flues marked with the letters u. The letters u describe the flues under the
kiln. The letters v describe the mid-feathers. The letters w describe the kiln
walls. The letters describe the kiln bottom. The letter y describes the
passage around the kiln. The letter = describes the chimney. The letter a, 1,
describes the damper. The letter b, 1, describes the floor of the upper room.
The letter c, 1, describes the doorway into the same. The letter d, 1, describes
a passage for a connecting pipe to heat other rooms if adjoining. The letters
c, 1, describe those parts on which substances are put to dry.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ralph Wedgwood, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Second day of November, in the thirty-seventh year
of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, and in the year
of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and ninety-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Ralph Wedgwood,
(being first duly stampt) in the
presence
WILLIAM SCOTT,
RA. WEDGWOOD. (L.s.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Second day of November, in
the
year
of our Lord 1796, the aforesaid Ralph Wodgwood came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt necording to the
tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Second day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and ninety-six.