Improvements in Wall Ties or Bond Iron.
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in Wall Ties or Bond Iron.
I JOHN SHELDON of No. 10 St. Agustines Road Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be
as follows:
In building hollow or double walls it is necessary that the two walls should be bound
together. This is sometimes done by brickwork and sometimes by the use of strips
of iron called wall-ties. When iron is used it frequently happens that the moisture
of the outer wall collects on and travels along the iron to the inner wall. Further
plain iron has an imperfect bite or hold on the mortar in which it is set. The object
of my invention is to remedy these inconveniences and consists in the improvements
hereinafter described by the use of which both the inconveniences referred to are
obviated.
My improvements are not only applicable to wall ties for connecting the two
walls of a hollow wall that is to short strips of iron but are also applicable to bond
iron that is to the metallic ties made in long lengths which are used for joining
walls end to end.
1 will describe my invention in connection with wall ties.
In making wall ties according to my invention I take pieces of hoop iron and by
stamping pressing or rolling or other equivalent process I corrugate the said pieces
of hoop iron with a series of corrugations or undulations crossing the said pieces that
is the crests and troughs of the corrugations are at right angles to the longer sides of
the said pieces of hoop iron.
Or instead of corrugations I make in the said pieces of hoop iron a series of
depressions preferably of a hemispherical shape the said depressions being made by
stamping pressing or rolling or other equivalent process and in order to facilitate
the entry of the mortar into the said depressions as the ties are built into the
walls or structures as well as to permit of the escape of water I prefer to make a

page_text: small hole at the bottom of each depression. These holes may either be made at
the same time and by the same tools as the depressions or they may be made after
the depressions have been made.
Wall ties made according to my invention have so firm a hold or bite on the walls
into which they are built that they are not liable to fail in use as they cannot be
drawn from the wall or structure in which they have been built by any force short of
or little short of that necessary to rupture the iron.
Although I prefer to carry my invention into effect by the use of hoop iron yet I
do not limit myself to the use of iron of any particular section.
Dated this Twenty fifth day of November 1887.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: I JOHN SHELDON of No. 10 St. Augustine's Road Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
In building hollow or double walls it is necessary that the two walls should be
bound together. This is sometimes done by brickwork and sometimes by the use of
strips of iron called wall ties. When iron is used it frequently happens that the
moisture of the outer wall collects on and travels along the iron to the inner wall.
Further plain iron has an imperfect bite or hold on the mortar in which it is set. The
object of my invention is to remedy these inconveniences and consists in the improve-
ments hereinafter described by the use of which both the inconveniences referred to
are obviated.
My improvements are not only applicable to wall ties for connecting the two walls
of a hollow wall that is to short strips of iron but aro also applicable to bond iron
that is to the metallic ties made in long lengths which are used for joining walls end
to end.
I will describe my invention in connection with wall ties.
In making wall ties according to my invention I take pieces of hoop iron and by
stamping pressing or rolling or other equivalent process I corrugate the said pieces of
hoop iron with a series of corrugations or undulations crossing the said pieces, that is,
the crests and troughs of the corrugations are at right angles to the longer sides of
the said pieces of hoop iron.
Or instead of corrugations I make in the said pieces of hoop iron a series of
depressions preferably of a hemi-spherical shape, the said depressions being made by
stamping, pressing or rolling or other equivalent process and in order to facilitate the
entry of the mortar into the said depressions as the ties are built into the walls or
structures as well as to permit of the escape of water, I prefer to make a small hole
at the bottom of each depression; these holes may either be made at the same time
and by the same tools as the depressions or they may be made after the depressions
have been made.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in edge view and plan a
corrugated or undulated wall tie made according to my invention. The corrugations
or undulations are made preferably in pieces of hoop iron by stamping pressing or
rolling, the corrugations or undulations crossing the pieces of hoop iron at right
angles to the longer sides of the iron as represented in the drawing.
When thinner joints in the brickwork are required than can be produced by the
use of ties having the semi-circular corrugations or undulations represented in Figure L.,
the corrugations or undulations may have the form represented in edge view and
plan in Figure 2, that is, angular corrugations may be used but I do not limit myself

page_text: to any particular shape of the cross corrugations or undulations in the hoop iron but
I have found that the two forms described and represented answer well in practice.
When the wall ties Figures 1 and 2 are built in the joints of the walls the mortar
fills up the concavities in the faces of the said ties and the travelling of moisture along
the said ties in effectually prevented.
Figure 3 reprosents in edge view, plan and cross section, a wall tie in which a
series of nearly hemi-spherical or cup-like depressions is made along the middle of the
hoop iron in place of cross corrugations or undulations. The said depressions are
marked a and are made by stamping, pressing or rolling or by other equivalent
processes and when the tic is built in the joint of the wall, the mortar enters and fills
up the said depressions. By means of the small hole at the bottom of each
depression a the entry of the mortar into the said depressions is facilitated and the
escape of water permitted.
Wall ties made according to my invention have so firm a hold or bite on the walls
into which they are built that they are not liable to fail in use as they cannot be drawn
from the wall or structure in which they have been built by any force short of or
little short of that necessary to rupture the iron.
Although I prefer to carry my invention into effect by the use of hoop iron yet I
do not limit myself to the use of iron of any particular section.
I apply my improvements to bond iron substantially in the manner herein before
described and illustrated with respect to wall ties.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my invention
of "Improvements in wall ties or bond iron
"
First Making in the pieces or lengths of hoop iron or other strips of iron of
which the wall ties or bond iron are made a series of corrugations or undulations
crossing the said pieces or lengths at right angles to the longer sides of the said pieces
or lengths for the purposes and substantially as herein before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly Making in the pieces or lengths of hoop iron or other strips of iron of
which the wall ties or bond iron are made a series of depressions preferably of a
nearly hemi-spherical shape and perforated at their bottoms for the purposes
and substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Datel the 16th day of July 1888