IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT, CEMENT AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES.
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Toy of Helston and Samuel Henry Stephens of
Sithney both in the County of Cornwall, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED
ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT,
CEMENT AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Toy and Samuel Henry
Stephens at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August
1882.
JOHN TOY of Helston and SAMUEL HENRY STEPHENS of Sithney both in the
County of Cornwall " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF
AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM
AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT, CEMENT AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
"
This invention refers to improvements in the grinding or pulverizing machinery
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Samuel Henry Stephens
bearing date the 5th day of March AD 1872 and numbered 677.
Our invention refers firstly to an improved shaped pan.
Secondly. To introducing the feed near the centre of the machine and conveying
it by preferably, several branch pipes under the shoes or rubbers;
Thirdly. To improved form of shoes or rubbers and mode of attaching same to
arm of muller.
Fourthly. To means for regulating the pressure upon the materials being ground
or for lifting the muller entirely.
According to the first part of our invention we form the bottom of the pan of a
concave ring form and with a flat bottom well. The bed is formed correspondingly,
and is cast in segments so that any piece may be removed when worn The
advantage we obtain by making the bottom concave is that the power of specific
gravity acts in opposition to that of the centrifugal force whereby the stuff to be
ground is held longer under the grinding surface; consequently it will be ground
finer than by the flat bottomed machines as now in use.

page_text: According to the second part of our invention we arrange a circular trough
having a perforated concentric division, around the shaft of the muller; into the
outer division of this trough the material to be ground is fed by pipe or pipes.
From the inner division of the trough a pipe conveys any water to the bottom or
well of machine.
From the outer division of the trough the branch pipes convey the material to
be ground under the shoes or rubbers. These pipes are preferably long enough to
cause the material to enter near the upper side of the concave surface or bed.
The ground material is carried along by suitable pipe or pipes.
According to the third part of our invention instead of making the periphery
of our improved shoe of a true circle as is now usual, we make the periphery of an
involute curve. We further fix on the whole length of the front part of the shoe a
piece of metal, either by casting the same on the shoe or by bolting; also a piece at
the extremity of shoe or rubber to prevent the pulp or ground stuff from being
thrown against side of pan, and a further piece on top of shoe.
Instead of attaching the shoe to the arm of muller by wedges as is now usual
we use a dovetail catch on top of shoe which takes into a corresponding slot on
arm of muller.
According to the fourth part of our invention we take off any weight we may
require from the grinding surfaces by means of a lever acting upon the muller shaft.
The lever is pivotted horizontally to an arm connected to a piece of wood crossing
over and fastened to the top of pan; one end of lever is fork shaped the prongs of
which pass on either side of shaft of muller; to the other end of lever weights are
hung according to the degree of pressure it is desired to take off the grinding
surface. Suitable stop is placed on muller shaft to cause the prongs of lever to
lift the muller when the lever is depressed by weight or other means.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Toy and Samuel Henry Stephens in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th February 1883.
JOHN TOY of Helston and SAMUEL HENRY STEPHENS of Sithney both in the
County of Cornwall "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF
AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM
AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT, CEMENT AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
"
This Invention refers to improvements in the grinding or pulverizing machinery
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Samuel Henry Stephens
bearing date the 5th day of March A. D. 1872 and numbered 677.
Our invention refers firstly to an improved shaped pan.
Secondly. To introducing the feed near the centre of the machine and con-
veying it by preferably several branch pipes under the shoes or rubbers.
Thirdly. To improved form of shoes or rubbers and mode of attaching same to
arm of muller.
Fourthly. To means for regulating the pressure upon the materials being ground
or for lifting the muller entirely.
The
According to the first part of our invention we form the bottom of the pan of a
concave ring form and with a flat bottom well. The bed is formed correspondingly
and is cast in segments so that any piece may be removed when worn.
advantage we obtain by making the bottom concave is that the power of specific
gravity acts in opposition to that of the centrifugal force whereby the stuff to be
ground is held longer under the grinding surface consequently it will be ground
finer than by the flat bottomed machines as now in use.
According to the second part of our invention we arrange a circular trough
having a perforated concentric division, around the shaft of the muller into the
outer division of this trough the material to be ground is fed by pipe or pipes.
From the inner division of the trough a pipe conveys any water to the bottom or
well of machine.
From the outer division of the trough the branch pipes convey the material to be
ground under the shoes or rubbers. These pipes are preferably long enough to
cause the material to enter near the upper or outer side of the concave surface
or bed.
The ground material is carried away by suitable pipe or pipes from the well of
the pan.
According to the third part of our invention instead of making the periphery of
our improved shoe of a true circle as is now usual we make the periphery of an
involute curve. We further fix on the whole length of the front part of the shoe a
piece of metal, either by casting the same on the shoe or by bolting; also a
piece at the extremity of shoe or rubber to prevent the pulp or ground stuff from
being thrown against side of pan, and a further piece on top of shoe.
Instead of attaching the shoe to the arm of muller by wedges as is now usual
we use a dovetail catch on top of shoe which takes into a corresponding slot on
arm of muller.
According to the fourth part of our Invention we take off any weight we may
require from the grinding surface by means of a lever acting upon the muller shaft,
one end of the lever is fork shaped the prongs of which pass on either side of shaft
of muller, to the other end of lever weights are hung according to the degree of
pressure it is desired to take off the grinding surface. Suitable stop is placed on
muller shaft to cause the prongs of lever to lift the muller when the lever is
depressed by weight or other means.

page_text: In order to more fully describe and illustrate the manner in which we carry our
invention into effect we will now proceed to further describe the same with reference
to the accompany drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of an ore pulverizer or crusher constructed
according to our invention for reducing tin stuff and other partially pulverized ore
and for other grinding purposes. Figure 2 is a plan of same and Figure 3 is a
perspective view shewing lever arrangement we prefer to use for raising the driver
and mullers shewn in Figures 1 and 2. F is the combined concave and flat bottomed
pan, a detached view of which is given in longitudinal vertical section at Figure 4,
this view also shows a portion of the discharge pipe from centre or inside of pan.
A³ is the discharge pipe. F F F F are the legs or pillars of which there may
be four as shown for supporting the pan F. These legs or pillars F1 also support
and carry bearings for the main driving shaft; G is this main driving shaft;
D D¹ are the bevel wheels, the wheel D being on the shaft G, with the clutch gear
for throwing the same in and out of gear with the wheel D¹; f¹ is the central shaft
of the machine passing through bottom of pan; the bevel wheel D¹ is keyed to
the lower end of this central and vertical shaft f¹; f is a central tube secured at
the base by bolts and nuts to the bottom of pan F and provided at top with the
brass collar fx to form a bearing for the upright central shaft f¹. This upright
shaft is squared at top whereby it is connected to the upright driver g the
pressure of the mullers on the grinding surface of the machine is adjusted and
regulated by the lever and weight arrangement (shown in Figure 3) which raises
the driver g to which the mullers are attached g¹ g¹ are the mullers of which
there may be say six at the lower end of the upright driver g; CC are the shoes
or rubbers which are fixed to the mullers g¹g by means of dovetails or other
convenient means, Detail views of these shoes or rubbers are given at Figures 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 and as will be hereafter more fully explained
and referred to. Figure 16 is a detached plan and Figure 17 is a sectional side
elevation of the circular trough for receiving the material to be ground and the
pipes for distributing the material therefrom to the mullers. Figure 18 shows in
partial longitudinal vertical section our improved pan with lever applied for
removing the weight from the grinding surface when required. Figure 19 is a plan
view of the lever detached Figure 20 is a view in plan and Figure 21 in vertical
cross section of the cast iron ring or rings which we prefer to employ at top of
muller for adding weight on to the muller.
In the general views of the machine (Figures 1, 2 and 3) A represents the
circular trough or launder, which receives the material to be pulverized together
with water from the launder X these are shown detached and best seen at
Figures 16 and 17 B, B, are the pipes for distributing the material to be
pulverized to the mullers. A² is a pipe for conveying water from the pan A¹ to
pan F. C C C are the shoes secured to the mullers g¹g' and the detail views
show the pieces fixed on the front part C of shoe or rubber these pieces C¹ may
be cast in a piece with or be fixed onto the front part of shoe C by bolts and nuts
or by dovetails and bolts C2 shows the piece or web cast on or fixed to the
extremity of the shoes or rubbers C to prevent the pulp or ground stuff being
thrown against side of pan.
The pieces just described and marked with the letters C and C2 may be used in
connection with the mullers of other machines not forming the subject of this
invention. E are the dovetails for securing the shoes to the muller arm; E¹ shows
the dovetail in arm of muller gl cast to fit the dovetail E on the back of shoes or
rubbers
When a dovetail is formed as described and shown for fixing the shoes or rubbers C
to the arm of muller g₁ the dovetail is formed so as to hold the weight of shoes or
rubbers and also to wedge tight while in operation. By reversing the machine the
shoes or rubbers will drop out thereby saving the labour of cutting out old wood
wedges as is necessary to be done in the machine made according to the
Specification of Stephens Patent dated 5th March 1872 Nº 677.

page_text: In our improved appliance shown at Figures 3, 18 and 19 for removing the weight
when required from the grinding surfaces, H is the lever having its fulcrum H¹ on
the standard or standards H2 supported by the cross-bar H³ resting on the pan F
or the standards may rest on the edge of the pan as at Fig. 3 The short arm of
lever is engaged in link connected to the driver g so that by adding a proportionate
amount of weight at O or end of lever the driver g is raised according to the amount
of weight added to the end of the lever H and consequently if the full amount of
weight of shoes and muller is not required some of it can with facility be removed
and if any thing in the pan breaks while the machine is in operation by means of
the lever H the rubber can be raised entirely clear of the bottom.
The cast iron ring shown at Figures 20 and 21 is made in two halves and has a
dovetail on each end as shown so that the one may be placed in the other and thus
form a ring which will rest on the top of the boss of muller at R Figure 1 for the
purpose of adding weight to the muller when required. We prefer to make the
ring in two halves because it, can then be applied to top of muller without
disarranging or taking apart any part of the machine. The rubbers or shoes by
constant use get gradually worn away and consequently lighter and the object of
applying the ring with hole sufficiently large to fit around the upright hub g
Figure 1 to keep it in position on the top of boss of muller is to counteract the wear
and to increase the weight on rubbing surfaces.
The general operation of the machine is as follows. The material to be ground
and pulverized is fed to the machine by the pipes or launders X to the circular
trough A where by means of the distributing pipes B it is distributed to the concave
grinding surfaces in the pan F; the diameter of the distributing pipes may be
varied according to the nature of the material under treatment. While the material.
has been fed in from the vessel A the shaft f¹ is being rotated by means of the
bevel wheels DD' and thus communicating rotary motion to the upright driver g
mullers g and shoes C C C secured thereto; the material is thus thoroughly
pulverized between the mullers and the grinding surfaces in the bottom of the pan;
the supply of water is maintained by the pipe A2 and consequently the ground and
powdered material mixed with water passes into the bottom of the pan F from
whence it is allowed to pass off by the pipe A³ to any convenient receptacle for
further treatment as may be required We find that by not maintaining a large
quantity of water at one time in the pan that material which would, not pass under
the mullers if there was a collection of water, now by this arrangement it does so
pass, which on the other hand by the ordinary arrangements of discharging the
liquid from the top has been found to be too light to sink in the water and to get
under the grinding surface and thus some valuable material often goes off without
being ground whereas by this arrangement of discharging at the bottom through
the pipe As we have obviated this great defect in existing machines. We can
however by closing the discharge pipe or launder As grind a class of heavy coarse
stuff and discharge over the perforated cover Z in the usual way and even more
effectually than when a pan of the ordinary construction and shape is employed.
The machine is applicable to grinding other substances than ores such as paints
and cements.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, We declare that we claim as our improvements in
machinery for reducing tin stuff and other partially pulverized ores to extract the.
metal therefrom and also for grinding paint cement, and other hard substances
First: The improved form of pan substantially as described and, with reference
to Figures 1, 4 and 18 of the accompanying drawings.
Second Introducing the feed of the material to the machine by means of trough
and distributing pipes arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose
set forth and particularly with reference to Figures 1, 16 and 17 of the
accompanying drawings.
Third-The shoes or rubbers C C together with the means employed for

page_text: securing the shoes C to the mullers g' substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
Fourth-The improved means for raising the muller and for the better regulating
of the pressure between the muller and the rubbing surface by the means of the
lever arrangement connected to the upright driver g substantially as shewn and
described particularly with reference to Figures 1, 3, 18 and 19 of the accompanying
'drawings.
Fifth The general combination and arrangement of machinery for pulverizing
or grinding ores paints cements or other hard substances constructed and acting
substantially as and for the purposes set forth
In witness whereof we the said John Toy and Samuel Henry Stephens have
hereunto set our hands and seals this 24th day of February in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
JUAN TUY
(L.S.)
SAM H STEPHENS (L.S.)