Im- PROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR ECONOMISING FUEL AND CONSUMING SMOKE IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Stead Crosland, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR ECONOMISING FUEL AND CONSUMING
SMOKE IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Stead Orosland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th December 1873.
I, JAMES STEAD CROSLAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR ECONOMISING FUEL AND CON-
SUMING SMOKE IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention consists in heating the air to be supplied to the furnace
by passing it through a series of flues or passages formed in the brick-
work of the sides and walls of the furnace and its flues, or through a
series of metal flues, pipes, or passages adjoining the furnace and its

page_text: "
flues. The hoth air so obtained is made to pass into the front part
of the furnace above the fire-bars, and forms a hot blast which ignites
the gases and consumes the smoko, at the same time equalizing the
temperature of the furnace; and combined with the above arrangements
the ash-pit is partly closed so as to admit only so much cold air to pass &
between the fire-bars as will keep them from fusing, but when hollow
water fire-bars are employed the ash-pit may be entirely closed; in which
caso a portion of the air, heated as above explained, may be allowed to
enter the ash-pit and pass to the fuel between the fire-bars.
The admission of the air to the air flues or passages above referred to 1
may be regulated by dampers or valves actuated by hand or made
automatic in the case of steam boilers by connection with a piston or
diaphragm acted upon by the varying pressure of the steam so as to
diminish the supply of air when the pressure of the steam increases and
vice versa.
1
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Stead Crosland in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS, SHALL COME, I, JAMES
STEAD CROSLAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Engineer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Stead Crosland, Her special license
that I, the said James Stead Crosland, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Stead Crosland, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ARRANGEMENTS FOR ECONOMISING FUEL: AND CONSUMING. SMOKE IN STEAM BOILER
AND OTHER FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said

page_text: James Stead Crosland, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invenion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within.six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Stead Crosland, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and the accompanying Drawings (that
is to say):
My Invention consists in heating the air to be supplied to the furnace
(by natural draught or mechanical means) by passing it through a series
of flues or passages formed in the brickwork of the sides. and walls of
the furnace and its flues, or through a series of metal flues, pipes, or
passages adjoining the furnace and its flues. The hot air so obtained is
made to pass into the front part of the furnace above the fire-bars, and
forms a hot blast which ignites the gases and consumes the smoke,
and at the same time equalizes the temperature of the furnace, and
combined with the above arrangements the ash-pit is partly closed so
as to admit only 'so much cold air to pass between the fire-bars as will
keep them from fusing, but when hollow water fire-bars are employed,
the ash-pit may be entirely closed, in which case a portion of the air
heated as above explained may be allowed to enter the ash-pit and pass
between the firc-bars to the fuel.
The admission of the air to the air flues or passages above referred to
may be regulated by dampers or valves actuated by hand or made auto-
matic in the case of steam boilers, by connection with a piston or
diaphragm acted upon by the varying pressure of the steam, so as to
diminish the supply of air when the pressure of the steam increases, and
vice versa; or when the air is supplied by a fan or other mechanical
means the speed of the mechanism may be increased or decreased accord-
ingly as a greater or less supply of air is required.
་
Fig. 1 is a cross section, Fig. 2, a longitudinal section, add Fig. 3, a
plan-section illustrating one mode of carrying out my Invention when
the air flués are formed in the brickwork; and Fig. 4 is a cross section.
and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section illustrating the modo of carrying out
my Invention-where metal air pipes or flues are employed..

page_text: The air to be heated and supplied to the furnace enters the flues: é
(one at each side) at that end furthest from the furnaces; then passes
along to the fluef.above, then to the flue g, then to h, then to i, and
leaves i at j, in the direction shown by the arrows in Figs. 1 and 3, and
discharges on to the burning fuel.
I prefer to supply and force the air to be heated through the air flues
by a centrifugal fan k, the blast from which is divided, one half passing.
to the air flue c on one side, the other half to the air flue e on the other
side of the furnace.
5
The air may be heated by being passed through flues and air passages 1
l, m, n, and p, formed in the crown arch c; separating the upper and
lower flues when such exist, and the heated air may enter in two
separate currents or blasts, or in one current or blast which is divided to
pass to. the fire on each side above or below the fire-bars, accordingly
as they are solid fire-bars or hollow water fire-bars as horein-before 1
explained.
Figs. 4 and 5 shew the application of my Invention to single cylinder
boilers, and also the use of metal air pipes or flues for the purpose of
my Invention.
a is an ordinary internal double flued cylindrical boiler
with external flues arranged in the ordinary manner lined with metal 2
air pipes or flucs, as shewn.
The air to be heated and supplied to the furnace enters the flues fat
the end nearest the furnace (there being one flue on each side) and
passes along through f, g, h, and i, and discharges into the furnace at
the front of each furnace flue j. In this arrangement I also profer to 2
supply the air to the flues by a centrifugal fan k, the air from which is
divided, one half going to the air flue fon one side, the other half to the
air fluef on the other side.
From the illustrations given the application of my improvements to
furnaces generally may be readily undorstood.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention and
the mode of carrying it into effect, and claim as my Invention,-
-
3
Firstly. The heating of air to be supplied to a furnace by passing it
through flues or. passages in the brickwork adjoining the flues from tho
furnace or furnaces, or through metal pipes placed on the flues of the 3
furnace or furnaces, and the discharging of the air so heated upon thọ