AN IMPROVED BENCH PLANING MACHINE
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Andrew Dwight Campbell, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED BENCH PLANING
MACHINE." A communication from abroad by Joseph Jones, of Newark,
New Jersey, United States of America.
Scaled the 28th June 1867, and dated the 1st January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Andrew Dwight Campbell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st January 1867.
I, ANDREW DWIGHT CAMPBELL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
BENCH PLANING MACHINE," which has been communicated to me from abroad
by Joseph Jones, of Newark, New Jersey, United States of America, to be as
follows:-
The Invention is designed to effect a ready means for forming and
smoothing the sides, ends, or angles of wood or other material by means of a
certain arrangement of plane adapted for the purpose.
The improvements consist in the use of a plane having one or two cutters
projecting acting at the side of the plane block (instead of at the bottom);
the plane block is mounted on paralled rails or bars, on which it may be
moved to and fro by hand; the bed or platform which supports the wood
whilst under operation is rendered adjustable vertically by slotted links and

page_text: screws or other equivalent, and at the end thereof a stop piece is provided
which is also adjustable laterally so as to suit any angle to which the wood
under operation is to be formed or planed. When the wood is placed upon
the bed and the other stop piece adjusted (and the bed if necessary) if the
plane be moved backwards and forwards the wood will be reduced to the
desired angle and the surface smoothed, which is particularly useful in the
formation of mitre or other angular joints.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Andrew Dwight Campbell in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th June 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANDREW
DWIGHT CAMPBELL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Andrew Dwight Campbell, Her special license that I, the said Andrew
Dwight Campbell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Andrew Dwight Campbell, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED BENCH PLANING MACHINE," a communication from Joseph Jones,
of Newark, New Jersey, United States of America, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Andrew Dwight Campbell, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that J, the said Andrew Dwight Campbell, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
The improved machine, to be herein-after described, is intended to facilitate

page_text: the accurate planing by unskilled workmen and others of the ends or sides of
pieces of wood and other materials to any required angle so that when the
machine is properly adjusted the same angle may be accurately and uniformly
obtained, and it is more especially useful for operating upon mouldings to
produce the surfaces which are to form mitre and other angular joints.
The improved machine consists of a table or bed having suitable slide ways
formed upon it on which a slide is fitted, and upon this slide a plane is secured
by adjusting screws, which while adjusting the plane will also secure it to the
slide. The working face of the plane may be perpendicular to the slide or
base, and the handle by which the plane is actuated may be parallel to its
working face. Upon the table or base there is an adjustable ledge for holding
the wood against which is to be planed to the given angle. There is also an
additional plate which is placed upon the base or table, and which can be
adjusted and secured at angles of less than ninety degrees to the planing face
for certain classes of work; this plate being removed when the ledge is used
at an angle of less than ninety degrees upon the table or base. Instead of the
additional plate bevel pieces may be placed upon the bed, or the planing face
may be adjusted to the required angle upon the slide by bevil packing or
otherwise.
I shall now more particularly describe the nature of the Invention com-
municated to me, and the manner of carrying it into effect by reference to the
accompanying Sheet of Drawing.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the machine without the additional table plate, and
Fig. 2 is an end section thereof; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine with
the additional table plate applied, and Fig. 4 is an end view thereof.
a is a board to which the metal table or base (6) is secured; this table or
base (b) forms one piece with the slideways (6); c is the slide which fits the
slideways, and is prevented from lifting at its outer edge by two hook pro-
jections (6) secured to the base (6); the slide (c) has two vertical projections
(c) at each end, and in each of which an adjusting screw (c³) is placed; the
inside screws serve more particularly as stops for adjusting the working face
of the plane (d), and the outside screws with the thumb wings" for securing
the plane against the adjusting stops; these screws (c³) act upon projections
(d) from the end of the plane which are bevilled (as shown in Fig. 4), so
that when the screws are tight the plane will be held down upon the slide,
but so that it only requires a slight turn of the screws to release the plane
from the slide (c). The plane (d) may be considered as an ordinary plane
placed upon its side with the handle (d²), as shown. The ledge (e) against
which the wood is held that is to be planed is mounted to slide the lengthway

page_text: of a bar (e) centered at (e) by means of a pin which enters a hole in the
table (b), the bar (e¹), the bracket (e) to which the ledge (e) is secured, and
the table (6) have each slots, as shown, so that a bolt (e) may be passed
through all the slots, and the parts may be adjusted and secured by the screw
nut (e), as shown, at any required angle; e is a projection (the upper face
level with the table) which assists in supporting the piece to be planed; fis
the additional table, it is held in the position required by two slotted links (f')
which at one end are jointed to the table (f), each of these links being
secured by a screw (2) entering a bracket (f) secured to the board (a).
Two cutting tools may be used in each plane, one at one end the other at the
other end, one to plane backwards and the other forwards, and two ledges (e)
may also be employed, one at one end and the other at the other end of the
table, arranged so that reversed angles may be operated upon.
I have now particularly described the nature of the Invention communicated
to me, and the manner of carrying it into effect, and claim as the Invention
secured to me the arrangement of a plane (d) upon slides combined with a
table (b), and adjustable ledge or ledges (e), and also the use of an additional
table or plate (f), substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Dwight Campbell, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Manchester.
A. D. CAMPBELL. (L.S.)