A New or Improved Matrix-making Machine for Stereotyping and other like purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd July, 1890-Accepted, 3rd Jan., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Matrix-making Machine for Stereotyping and
other like purposes.
I, ALBERT JOHN KLETZKER, of Bank of Commerce Building, St. Louis, United States
of America, Stationer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to machines for producing matrices, more especially for
stereotyping, but is not necessarily confined to stereotyping as the matrices produced
by my machine can be used for electrotyping and other work as well.
The object of the invention is to construct a maxtrix-making machine which is
simple in operation and will produce a matrix in all respects similar to that obtained
from a type form.
The invention briefly consists among other things, in providing a matrix-making
machine with a variable spacing apparatus of the construction set forth, whereby
letters requiring a variable spacing can be given such spacing, and whereby also extra
spacing may be given to the letters before the end of a line is reached, so as to make
the ends of the lines even and the printing in all respects similar to set-up type. It
consists further in a novel means for actuating said type to produce an impression in
the matrix surface, and in a novel means for shifting the type-wheel along its shaft so
as to bring the different rows of characters in position to be actuated by the new and
useful means referred to, whereby capitals, small letters, punctuation and fractions
can be obtained at will by operating in a predetermined manner the mechanism. The
invention consists further in a new and useful means for oscillating the type-wheel
so as to bring the desired type in proper position to be actuated by the impression-
producing mechanism. It also consists in a novel means for operating the carriage
which bears the matrix surface and in other features and details of construction which
will hereinafter be set forth and particularly pointed out in the claims making a part
hereof.
In the drawings accompanying this application,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one form of a matrix-making machine maile in accordance
with my invention.
Fig. 2 is a face view of the means for oscillating the type-wheel partly sectioned
on the line 2, 2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation thereof.
Fig. 4 is a section of the type-wheel, its controlling devices and impression-producing
mechanism, on the line 4, 4 of Figs. 1 and 6.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation of Fig. 4 with the type-wheel omitted.
Fig. 6, a plan of the entire machine.
Fig. 7, a sectional elevation on the line 7, 7 of Fig. 8, of parts of the spacing
mechanism.
Fig. 8, a sectional plan of the matrix carriage showing the spacing devices illustrated
in Figs. 7 and 9, the same being on the line S, 8 of Fig. 9 and having parts broken
away for the purpose of showing the construction more clearly.
Fig. 9, a cross section of the matrix carriage, and the various mechanisms for
actuating the same to space the letters, said cross section being on the lines 9, 9 of
Figs. 1, 7 and S.
Fig. 10, a bottom plan of the finger-key mechanism for bringing the various
circumferential rows of characters on the type-wheel in position to be actuated, the
same being seen from the line 10, 10 of Figs. 1 and 3.
Fig. 11, an enlarged view of a portion of the type-wheel showing four different
circumferential rows of characters.

page_text: Fig. 18 is a rear elevation of the type-wheel, full size.
Fig. 19, a section on radial lines 19, 19 of Fig. 18.
Figs. 20 and 21, details pertaining to the type-wheel.
Fig. 22, a side elevation of the shifting and latch keys.
Fig. 23, top view of same.
Fig. 24, full size detail perspective of controlling devices for producing variation
in spacing of letters.
Figs. 25 and 26, front and side elevations respectively of disk, pins and lever arm
for controlling the ordinary spacing mechanism.
Fig. 27, a plan of lever arm shown in Fig. 26 illustrating projecting plates carried
thereby.
20 is a base plate which may support the entire apparatus. Pivoted in bearings 21,
extending from said base plate, may be any number of key-levers 22, supported by
said bearings 21 near the middle of said key-levers. 20¹ is a raised part of the base
plate 20 which passes over the keys 22 and serves as a support for certain parts to be
hereinafter described.
Having now more particular reference to Figs. 1, 2, 6, 13 and 14, the inner ends of
the key-levers 22 are each provided with a pin 23. For each of the key-levers there
is a slotted plate 24 in the slot of which the pins 23 are adapted to play. These
slotted plates are suspended from two shafts 25 and 26 which are carried in bearings
at the centre and sides of the machine. The two shafts 25 and 26 are in every way
independent of each other. The slotted plates on the shaft 25 are joined together
by a rod 27, and the slotted plates carried by the shaft 26 are joined together by a
rod 28, so that the motions of the slotted plates 24 on each side of the centre of
the machine are independent of each other. The slots in the plates 24 at each side of
the centre occupy a different position for each key-lever. Fig. 14 shows the first.
key-lever to one side of the centre of the machine with the key half depressed and
illustrates the extreme positions of the slots in the plates 24 in full and dotted lines.
The first slotted plate 24 at each side of the middle of the machine is preferably
made integral with projecting arms 29, making the first slotted plates 24 at each side
of the centre of the machine take the form of a bell-crank lever. The free ends of
the arms 29 are each provided with plates 30 arranged in slightly different planes, that
extend out at right angles from said arms and are made in the shape shown in Fig. 2.
The two plates 30 (Figs. 2 and 14) are independent of each other so that while one
moves, the other remains stationary. Said plates 30 play in a heart-shaped slot, cut
in the upright part of a saddle 31, which is vertically guided by a saddle guide 31'
formed by the frame of the machine and hangs from a pin 32 that projects from a
segmental gear 33 pivoted at 34. The rear horizontal end of the saddle 31 is supported
by the shafts 25 and 26 about which said saddle is fulcrumed. Said saddle is cut
away for the arms 29 to play through. (Figs. 1 and 6.) The segmental gear 33 has
attached to it flat springs 35, which are arranged a slight distance apart and bear upon
a pin 37, that projects from an upright part of the frame of the machine. The object
of these springs is to maintain the segmental gear in its normal position. Said
segmental gear 33 may be oscillated about the pivot 34 as a centre, and the springs 35
will bring it back to its normal position after it is so oscillated.
The teeth of said

page_text: segmental gear mesh with a broad spur-wheel 38 which is rigidly attached to a
sleeve 39 journalled upon a stationary shaft 40, supported at front and rear of the
machine in brackets A and 56'. 41 is the type-wheel which is rigidly connected with
the sleeve 39 and therefore rotates as the spur-wheel 38 is rotated by the oscillations
of the segmental gear 33. The said type-wheel bears the movable type which are to
be imprinted in the matrix-board or other substance. If the type-wheel be given a
certain rotation a certain letter will be brought in position to be operated upon by
the impression-producing mechanism, and if rotated to another point, another
character will be brought in position to be operated upon by said meehanism.
The slotted plates 24 are cut away so as to leave an incline 42 and a slot 43 with
parallel sides. The incline 42 is made of a different length for each key. In the
first slotted plate 24 at each side of the centre of the machine the incline 42 will
be of slight length, whereas in the last slotted plate 24 at each side of the
machine, the incline will be much longer as clearly shown in dotted lines in Fig. 14.
When the keys 22 are struck the pins 23 ride along the inclines 42 and as said pins
are riding over said inclines the plates 30 secured to the ends of the projecting
arms 29, will be thrown upward. The greater the extent of the incline, the greater
the distance the plates 30 will be lifted. It will therefore be apparent that the plates 30
are raised a different height for each key-lever upon each side of the centre of the
machine, as the extent of the inclines 42 vary for each key at each side of the centre
of the machine. The variableness in the rising of the plates 30 therefore lifts the
saddle 31 a certain height for each key-lever upon each side of the centre of the
machine. Therefore when one key is struck the saddle 31 will rise a certain height
and when another key is struck the saddle will rise to a certain other height. As the
saddle is raised by one or the other of the plates 30 (see Fig. 2) the pin 32 will pass
diagonally down a slot which is formed by one of the incline sides of the heart-
shaped slot and the incline face of one of said plates 30. The other plate 30 does not
interfere with this action because it remains in its normal position while the first-
mentioned plate raises the saddle. Each of the plates 30 is provided with a pro-
jection 44 which raises the saddle, a slight play being allowed between these
projections and the bottom of the saddle, the purpose of which will be explained
hereinafter. As the saddle is lifted by one or the other plates 30 and the pin 32
passes diagonally down the inclined slots, to one or the other side of the centre of the
saddle, the segmental gear 33 will be rotated by the plates and saddle to correspond
to the extent of the lateral movement of the pin 32 produced by the raising of the
saddle and the plates 30. The extent to which the saddle and plates are raised
governs the degree of rotation of the segmental gear 33, and thus controls the extent
of rotation of the type-wheel and determines the character to be imprinted in the
matrix surface. As before explained, one of the plates 30 is controlled by the key-
levers upon one side of the centre of the machine through the instrumentality of
one of the arms 29, and the other plate 30 is controlled by the keys upon the
other side of the centre of the machine, through the instrumentality of the other
arm 29. One of said plates will shift the segmental gear and type-wheel in one
direction and the other plate will shift the segmental gear and type-wheel in the
other direction. There will therefore be one key at each side of the centre of the
machine which will shift the oscillating segmental gear and the type-wheel to
the same extent, but these oscillations will be in opposite directions, so that a
different type will be presented for the impression-producing mechanism to operate
upon.
The normal position of the key-levers and slotted plates 24 is shown in Fig. 1.
The inclines 42 normally rest against the pins 23, and the relation of the slots to the
pins is such that the pins upon the keys that are not manipulated do not interfere
with the operation of the slotted plates when said slotted plates are actuated by the
other keys.
Having now more particular reference to Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6, 45 is a bar that
rests near the rear end of all the keys. It is hung at the end of lever arms 46 which
are rigidly secured to a shaft 47 that extends across the machine and is supported by
pearings at each side thereof. From near the centre of said shaft 47 extends in an

page_text: opposite direction from the lever arms 46, a lever 48 to the end of which is pivoted a
rod 49 that may be encircled by a spiral spring 50 which returns the parts to their
normal positions. Said rod 49 extends upward in a vertical direction and is in turn
pivoted to a bell-crank lever 51 which is itself pivoted to the upper part of the frame
of the machine. To said bell-crank lever is pivotally secured, a second rod 52, which
is supported at its outer end by an anti-friction wheel 53, and is provided at said
outer end with a rack 54 which meshes with a pinion wheel 55. The said pinion
wheel 55 and anti-friction wheel 53 are sustained by a standard 56 that is supported
by a curved bracket 56' from which extends two rims 57 and 58 which act to stiffen
the bracket. This bracket is curved as shown (Fig. 3) in order to accommodate the
movement of the matrix carriage which will be explained hereinafter. Secured to
the pinion wheel 55 is a cam disk 59, which operates upon an anti-friction roller 60,
that is secured to a lifting arm 61 journaled upon a projecting part 62, that extends
from the standard 56. The lifting arm 61 engages with a hook 63 located upon a
pawl 64, which is adapted to engage with a ratchet on the type-wheel 41, to hold said
type-wheel in every position in which it is placed. The pawl 64 by engaging the
feeth of the ratchet acts to adjust the type-wheel so as to bring each type in the exact
position required.
a,
The type-wheel (see Figs. 4 and 11) is preferably made up of two flat rings 65, 66
the inner peripheries of which are secured to a curved hub 67 (Fig. 1), that is secured
to the sleeve 39. Between the two flat rings the type 68 are located and held in place
by springs 69. The type of said type-wheel are normally held about flush with the
outer periphery of said flat rings by the springs 69, and are movable radially in the
type-wheel. The details of the type-wheel will be more plainly visible in Figs. 18,
19, 20 and 21. It is composed first, of a shell consisting of the hollow body 67, a
rim and the two flanges 41. Said body is fastened to the sleeve 39 by means of a
flanged collar removably secured thereto so as to make the type-wheel interchangeable
and detachable. Second, of two cell rings each consisting in a partition ring b
which is provided on each face with one circumferential row of type and spring
cells 68 and 69 respectively disposed back to back as shown in perspective view of
two pair of cells in Fig. 21. Between the two cell rings b, bis placed a partition
ring c. The whole is held together by means of bolts or screws d. The periphery of
the type-wheel is corrugated or provided with serrations as clearly shown in Figs. 4, 18
and 21. At the centre of each type cell GS, rim a is provided with a hole e, through
which the punch 75 passes in forcing the type outwardly to take an impression. To
the type 68 (Fig. 20) is fastened at the upper end a coiled spring 69¹ and each type
and spring are placed in the cells of the type-wheel, so that the connecting part
of wire between the type and spring is placed in the recess f (Figs. 19 and 21).
The type-wheel may have any number of rows of circumferential characters, which
feature will be referred to hereinafter. When any of the type in said type-wheel
becomes worn, they may be removed and new type inserted in place thereof, and any
type in said type-wheel may be interchanged for any other type therein, that is to
say the type carried by said type-wheel are detachable and interchangeable. So also
the type-wheel itself may be removed and be replaced by another type-wheel.
The cam disk 59 has pivoted to it a pitman 70 (Fig. 5) which is itself pivotep to a
bell-crank lever 71 that is supported by a curved piece 72, which is connected with
the bearing 73 that supports the outer end of the shaft 40, carrying the sleeve 39, that
bears the type-wheel. Said shaft 40 passes through the curved piece 72. To the
bell-crank lever 71 are pivoted connecting links 74 which are themselves pivoted to a
punch 75, guided in the lower curved end of the piece 72. The pitman 70, bell-crank
lever 71 and connecting links 74 make a double-toggle joint. The punch 75 when
the toggle joint is properly operated, drives the type outward and makes an impression
in the matrix surface.
Fig. 5 shows the position of parts, just as a type is being struck to make, an
impression. The normal position of parts is such that when the key is first struck,
the cam disk 59 begins at once to raise the anti-friction roller 60 and thus to lift the
pawl 64 from the type-wheel the very instant the machine starts to operate. A key

page_text: when depressed raises the bar 45 and depresses arms 46, rotates the shaft 47, depresses
the arm 48, draws down the rod 49, and operates the bell-crank lever 51, so as to draw
forward the rod 52, which rotates the cani disk 59 through the instrumentality of the
spur-wheel 55 and rack 54. As the pins 23 upon the key-levers begin to act upon
the inclines 42 and thereby to rotate the type-wheel, the pawl is free from the type-
wheel, so that it can perform its rotation. The play between the saddle 31 and the
projections 44 on the plates 30 (Fig. 2) as before described, is for the purpose of
allowing the pawl 64 to be raised from the type-wheel before the saddle begins to
rotate said type-wheel. The type-wheel will be rotated all the time the pins are riding
along the inclines 42, but as soon as the parallel part of the slot 43 is reached, the
rotation of the type-wheel ceases, the cam disk 59 allows the anti-friction roller and
pawl 64 to resume their normal positions (shown in Figs. 4 and 5) during the rest of
the rotation of said cam disk. The pawl therefore holds the type-wheel at the
character required. The nose of the pawl will pass down the space between the teeth
of the ratchet and bring the type in the exact position for printing. As the key is
depressed further and the pin 23 is passing through the parallel part 43 of the slot,
the arms 46 are still being raised by the key-levers and will be lifted thereby until the
pins 23 reach the end of the slot 43. As the pins 23 are beginning to travel up
the parallel part of the slot 43, the impression-taking mechanism assumes the position
shown in Fig. 5, and as said pins progress upward in the said slot 43, the pitinan 70
is drawn upward, which actuates the toggle joints so as to depress the punch 75 and
force the desired character into the matrix surface. After the keys are operated, they
will by gravity assume their normal position, and thus the rod 52 will be reciprocated
in the opposite direction. This action may be assisted by means of the spring 50 if
necessary. The reverse movement of the rod 52 rotates the pinion wheel 55 in an
opposite direction and withdraws the punch 75. At the beginning of the return
movement of the key, the cam disk 59 acts at once upon the anti-friction roller 60, so
as to raise the pawl 64 from the type-wheel and allow said type-wheel to return to its
normal or blank position, to which position said type-wheel is brought through the
instrumentality of the oscillating segmental gear 33, by means of the springs 35 and
the pin 37. When the type-wheel reaches its normal position, the pawl 64 enters the
ratchet upon said type-wheel as before. In the normal position of parts, the pin upon
the cam disk 59, to which the pitman 70 is pivoted, is to the right of the centre of
said cam disk, and on the opposite side of the centre from that shown in Fig. 5. The
anti-friction roller 60 normally rests in the depression 76 of the cam disk and passes
into the depression 77 of said can disk, only after the type-wheel has been positioned
and the pawl has entered the ratchet to hold said type-wheel in position, at which time
the punching mechanism begins to act, as clearly shown in Fig. 5. During the time
the depression 76 leaves the roller 60 and until the depression 77 comes under it, the
pawl is free from the type-wheel, so that said type-wheel can be rotated to the desired
character.
Having now inore particular reference to Figs. 1, 3, 6 and 10, it will be noted, as
before described, that the type-wheel is mounted upon a sleeve 39 that rotates and
slides upon a stationary shaft 40. Said type-wheel may be provided with a plurality
of circumferential rows of characters, as clearly shown in an enlarged view in Fig. 11.
The punch which actuates the type to take an impression operates upon a certain row
of circumferential characters when the type-wheel has a certain longitudinal position
upon the shaft 40, and strikes but a single one of said type at a time." In one row of
circumferential characters I design to have small letters for instance (Fig. 11); in
another row thereof I provide capital letters corresponding to the small letters; and
in still another row may be arranged various characters, numerals, punctuation &c.;
while in another row fractions and other characters can be placed. Normally I
design to have the type-wheel stand so that the punch will operate upon the row of
characters containing the small letters as they in practice will be most frequently
used. By shifting the type-wheel along the shaft 40, any other row of circumferential
characters can be brought in position under the punch. The shifting mechanism,
determining which circumferential row of characters shall be operated upon, is

page_text: controlled by finger-keys, and when any one of said finger-keys is depressed it holds
the type-wheel in required position. Connected to the spur-wheel 38 which is fast
upon the sleeve 39, is a collar 78 which has two pins 79, 79 extending therefrom at
each side. 80, 80 are two links pivotally connected to said collar 78. Said links
couple said collar to a double bell-crank lever 81, which is in turn pivotally connected
to a rod 82, that is connected to a shaft 83, which is sustained by arms 84, 84 from a
shaft 85, that is supported from bearings extending from the bracket A of the machine.
Said shaft 83 and arms 84, 84 swing about the shaft 85 as the centre. Encircling
the rod 82 is a spiral spring 86, which returns the parts to and maintains them in
their normal position. From the shaft 83 extends a pin 87 (Fig. 10) which is
arranged in the path of a finger-key 88, that is pivoted to the frame of the machine.
By depressing the key 88, the shaft S3 will be drawn down, will operate the bell-
crank lever 81, and move the type-wheel towards the rear of the machine. This will
bring the circumferential row of characters corresponding to capitals in position to be
operated upon by the punch, so that when said key is depressed, nothing but capital
letters will be operated by the punch. Extending from one of the arms 84 is also a
pin 89, which is arranged within the path of a finger-key 90, that is also pivoted to
the frame or bracket A of the machine. The pin 59 is arranged nearer to the shaft. 85
than the pin 87, about which shaft 85 the arms 84 swing as a centre, therefore
when the key 90 is depressed, the rod 82 will be drawn down a greater distance than
when the key 88 is actuated. This greater movement of the rod 82 of course moves
the type-wheel a greater distance towards the rear of the machine and brings the third
row of circumferential characters in position to be operated by the punch. The
key 90 therefore gives punctuation and numerals. Projecting from the inside of one
of the arms 84 is also a pin which carries a small anti-friction wheel 91, which is
arranged within the path of the finger-key 92. Said anti-friction wheel is pivoted
nearer to the shaft 85 than either of the pins 87 and 89 and hence when the key 92 is
depressed, will move the rod 82 a greater distance and consequently push the type-
wheel still further towards the rear of the apparatus. This will then bring in position
to be operated upon the last row of circumferential characters and will give fractions
and other characters.
Any number of circumferential characters may be arranged upon the type-wheel
and any manner of arranging said circumferential rows of characters may be adopted
without departing from my invention. When any other characters are required to
be printed than small letters, the shifting keys 88, 90 or 92, as the case may be, must
be operated before the finger-keys 22 are struck. Each of the shifting keys 88, 90
and 92 are adapted to strike against a stop 93, which is secured to the frame of the
machine, and are cut away at their lower ends to form a guide finger 94, which rides
along said stop and steadies the movement of said keys. The stop 93 bears against
a curved shoulder at the base of said guide finger and prevents said keys from
moving down any further. Bearing across a downward extension of said keys is a
lip 95 (Fig. 1) which is carried by a finger-key 96 hinged by a downward extension 97
to the frame of the machine. This latch key 96 is held up by a spring 98, so that the
lip 95 bears against the outer face of each of the shifting key-levers, whereby when
any one of said keys is depressed, said lip takes into a notch 99 cut in said key-levers
and holds them in their depressed position, and thus keeps the type-wheel in whatever
longitudinal position any of said keys place it. The key shifting levers are of slightly
different lengths (see Fig. 10). The key intended to produce the greatest move-
ment (92) is shorter than the other key-levers 88 and 90 which give less movement.
So also the key-lever 88 is of less length than the key-lever 90, so that if a key of
greater movement is down, it will be released by depressing a key of less movement
without manipulating the latch key 96 as the lip 95 will be pressed out of the
notch 99 by a longer key-lever. Any of said keys can however be liberated by
manipulating the key 96. This withdraws the lip 95 from the notch 99, whereupon
the spiral spring 86 restores the type-wheel to its normal position, lifts the rod 82,
raises the arms 84, and pins carried thereby, and thereby raises said keys.
Having now more particular reference to Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9, 100 is a bar that passes

page_text: across all of the finger keys 22 at the rear end of the machine. This bar is pivoted
by arms 101, 102, to each side of a casing 103, that contains the feeding and spacing
mechanism for the matrix carriage. Said casing 103 is open at the front and back
and is provided with a raised part 103' (Fig. 16) which serves to brace the sides
together and to stiffen the same. The arm 102 has on its plates 104 and 105 (Figs. S
and 9) arranged one above the other at a slight distance apart, so that the rim of a
disk 106, can pass between said plates. Said disk carries two pins 107 and 108 on
opposite faces and placed so that when struck by projections 104 and 105 respectively,
the proper motion will be produced. 108 is a stop for limiting the play of said disk.
A link 109 is pivoted to said disk, and said link in turn is pivoted to a longitudinal
transmitting bar 110 hinged to two brackets projecting from the casing 103. Its
acting edge is shaped like the tooth of a gear, and engages in a notch in an escape-
ment lever 111, pivoted at 112, to a downward extension 113, which hangs from a
transverse bridge piece 114, which supports the word and letter spacing mechanism.
The said bridge piece 114 is carried by a movable frame that. supports the matrix
carriage, all of which will be explained hereinafter. The bar 110 extends nearly the
full length of the casing 103 (Fig. 8) so that the escapement lever 111 may slide
along the same and still be in engagement therewith. Pivoted to the escapement
lever 111 is a second lever 115, which moves at right angles to the movement of the
escapement lever 111. The noses of these escapement levers are adapted to take into
an escapement wheel 116, which is loosely mounted' upon a vertical shaft 117,
journaled in the bridge piece 114. This shaft 117 carries upon its upper end, a
pinion wheel 118, which meshes in a rack 119 upon the carriage 120 that supports
the matrix surface. The escapement wheel 116 is coupled to the shaft 117 when the
same is moved in one direction by means of a spring-pressed pawl 121, and a ratchet
wheel 122, which is rigidly secured to said shaft, the object of which is to allow the
carriage 120 to be returned by hand to its normal position without moving the escape-
ment wheel 116. This action is the same as in the ordinary typewriter carriage..
Connected to the matrix carriage 120 is a cord 123 which winds and unwinds upon a
drum 124, that is actuated by a coiled spring 125. The said drum is pivoted to the
bridge piece 114. As the escapement levers are operated, the carriage is therefore
fed along by the coiled spring 125. This coiled spring gives the ratchet 122 and
escapement 116 a tendency to rotate in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 8,
but the escapement wheel 116 is normally held from rotation by the escapement
lever 115, which the escapement wheel forces against a stop 126. Said escapoment
lever is also provided with a coiled spring 127, which when said escapement lever 115
is liberated from the escapement wheel, throws the said lever 115 in the position
shown in Fig. 17, and forces the outer end of the escapement lever 115 against the
first projection of a regulator 128, which is pivoted to the bridge piece 114. The full
purpose of this regulator will be explained hereinafter.
It will be noted from the foregoing that when any of the key-levers 22 are struck,
the bar 100 will be raised thereby raising the arms 101 and 102, the latter of which
will cause the plate 104 to strike upon the pin 107 and rotate the disk 106, which
will draw the link 109 down and depress the outer end of the escapement lever 111,
thus throwing the nose of said escapement lever into engagement with the escape-
ment wheel 116 and liberating the lever 115 from it. Lever 115 is then thrown by
the spring 127 in the position shown by Fig. 17, against the first projection of the
regulator 128. During this period the ratchet wheel 116 has not moved (therefore
the carriage has remained stationary during this time) for the nose of the escapement
lever 111 takes into the ratchet wheel 116 the very instant the nose of the ratchet
wheel 115 leaves the same. All this takes place during the time a finger key 22 is
being depressed, near the end of which time, as before explained, the punch is brought
into operation to make an impression in the matrix surface. As soon however, as the
finger key 22 begins to return to its normal position, and after the impression has
heen made in the matrix surface, the bar 100 will resume by gravity, its normal
position and the arms 101 and 102 will also gravitate downward, the plate 105 will
strike the pin 108, which is now in its path, and rotate the disk 106 in the opposite

page_text: direction, bringing the link 109 and the other parts in their normal position as shown.
in Fig. 9. The escapement lever 111 will therefore leave the escapement wheel 116,
which will now be caught by the lever 115, that has previously been thrown forward
by the spring 127 (Fig. 17). The escapement wheel 116 will therefore rotate until
the lever 115 comes against the stop 126, and will feed the matrix carriage a distance
corresponding to this, giving a feed of three teeth of the wheel 116 for ordinary
shall letters. It will be noted therefore that the feeding for the letters takes place
after the type have been struck and while the keys 22 and type-wheel are returning
to their normal position.
Independent of the bar 100 is a strap 129, which is pivoted by pins 130 and 1301
to brackets extending from the bottom flange of the casing 103 This strap 129 is
clearly shown in Fig. 12. Pivoted at one side of the strap 129 at a point 131 is a
lever 132 which has a quadrangular slot 133 cut in it where the pin 130 passes
through the same. The said pin 130 carries a cam 134 which plays in said
quadrangular slot, cut in the lever 132. To the pin 130 is also rigidly connected a
disk 135 which is connected by a rod 136 to the capitalising key S8, the purpose of
which connection will be described in a short while. Fulcrumed about the pin 130
so as to turn freely around it, is a second lever 137, to which is secured a screw 138
that passes through a slot 139 in the strap 129 and through a tight fitting hole in
the lever 132. The lever 137 is provided with a projection 140 that takes into the
notched end of a lever 141 fulcrumed to a bracket, secured to the base of the
apparatus (Figs. 8 and 9). This lever 141 is pivoted to a link 142 that is in turn
pivoted to a longitudinal transmitting bar 143 which is itself pivoted in extensions
from the side of the casing 103. Said bar takes into a notch in a bell-crank
lever 144, that is pivoted in the bridge piece 114, and extends nearly the full length
of the casing 103. The notch in the bell-crank lever 144 slides along the bar 143 as
the matrix carriage is fed for space between the lines, the same as the notch in
lever 111 slides along the transmitting bar 110. The bell-crank lever is connected
with a bar 145 that is pivoted to the upper end of the regulating device 128, before
referred to, the purpose of which is to produce a variable or irregular spacing or
feed for the letters that require such spacing. Capital letters being larger than
smail letters of course require more space, and this is effected through the instru-
mentality of the bar 136 which connects the mechanism described with the
capitalising key 88. When said key is depressed, it rotates the disk 135 and cam 134
in the direction of the hands of a watch, and thereby raises the lever 132, and the
screw 138, which connects said lever with the lever 137 upon the outside of the
strap 129 and works in a slot through said strap. The screw 138 raises the free
end of said lever 137 and causes the projection 140 thereon to actuate the lever 141,
draw down the link 142 and operate the bell-crank lever 144, and connecting rod 145,
through the instrumentality of the transmitting bar 143 and thus operates to bring
another depression in the regulator 128 opposite the outer end of the lever 115, so
that when the escapement levers are operated to feed the carriage, the lever 115 will
give a greater movement to said carriage, for the feed of the lever 115, as previously
described, is limited by the depressions and projections carried by the regulator 128.
This feeds the wheel 116 through a space of six teeth for ordinary capitals.
There are certain characters notably w, W, m, M, i, I, 1, L, t, T, f, F, (,) and (.)
which do not require the same spacing as other letters and characters.
The i, I, (,) (1, L, t, T, and f, F, require less spacing than the ordinary letters,
whereas the w, W. and m, M, require more spacing than the ordinary letters of the
alphabet. The object of the strap 129 and the mechanism actuated by it is to give
this variabieness in spacing. Said strap is cut away as shown in Fig. 12 and rests
across those letter keys requiring this variable spacing. These keys are located
preferably at the centre of the machine. They are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 12,
the centre one being the spacing key. When the small i, the small 1, small t, small f
() and (,) keys are depressed, they not only raise the bar 100, but they also raise
the strap 129, which by means of the screw 138 raises the lever 137 a greater
distance than before and operates the connecting mechanism to bring the second

page_text: highest projection on the regulator opposite the outer end of the lever 115, and
produce a feed of the carriage equal to two teeth of the wheel 116.
When the capital key S8 is depressed and the keys beneath the cut away portion
of the strap 129 are operated, this will bring the next notch in the regulator 128 in
position beneath the outer end of the lever 1.15 and make the spacing for the
capitals L, T and J greater than for the corresponding small letters, but not so great
as for ordinary capitals, and will feed five teeth of the wheel 116. In this instance
the strap 129 will be raised the same as in the previous instance and in addition
thereto, the lever 137 will be raised independently of ibis latter movement by the
mechanism connected with said capital key 88.
At the centre of the machine is a spacing key 146. This key is pivoted the same
as the ordinary letter-giving finger-keys 22, but has no pin 23 thereon (Fig. 7) and
does not operate upon any of the slotted plates 24. Said spacing key is made
shorter than the other keys and the inner end thereof engages with a projection 100'
on the bar 100 and when said key is depressed said bar operates the spacing
mechanism as previously described, the same as it does for ordinary letters. It will
be noted, as the spacing key 146 has no pin 23, and does not operate upon any of the
slotted plates 24, that the type-wheel during the manipulation of said key, is not
moved and inasmuch as the type-wheel normally stands at a blank space when said
key is depressed, no impression will be made in the matrix surface. The spacing
mechanism only will therefore be operated.
Secured to the spacing key 146, by screws 147 and 148 that work in slots in said
spacing key, is a blade 149, which has a pin 150 extending therefrom, engaged by
an upright slotted piece 151, that is secured to a rod 152, said rod 152 being
supported by bearings 153 extending from the base plate 20 of the apparatus. The
said upright piece 151 works through a slot 154 cut in the base plate 20. Encircling -
the rod 152 is a spiral spring 155, which returns said rod and the parts connected
therewith to its normal position when liberated. The object of this mechanism is to
give an extra blank space to the characters to be imprinted to the matrix surface, and
this is required in order to make the ends of the lines of printing even, the same as
in the type form, that is to justify the matter. This feature constitutes one of the
principal ones of my invention. The blank extra key gives one-half of a space and
corresponds to the feed of one tooth of the escapement wheel 116. About fifteen (15)
spaces from the end of the line I design to have a signal-giving device notify the
operator of his approach to the end of the line. The operator can then make his
calculations so as to have the line space out evenly and for this purpose he may put
in as many extra blank spaces as necessary. To do this be pushes in the rod 152
which slides the blade 149 forward and brings the nose of said plate beneath the
strap 129. He thereupon depresses the key 146 which not only raises the bar 100,
but also the strap 129. As soon as the finger is removed from the rod 152, it
resumes its normal position, by means of the spring 155.
3:
2
321 аге
Certain of the small letters, notably "w" and "m" require more spacing than the
ordinary small letters, and to give this extra spacing and make the work of my
machine in every respect similar to type form work, I construct said machine so as to
give this extra space for these letters and for this purpose the " W and "
arranged beneath the part of the strap 129 (Fig. 12) that is not cut away, so that
when the keys corresponding to said letters are depressed, these keys will raise the
strap 129 through a greater distance than the other keys arranged beneath said
strap 129, and will lift said strap to such a height that a notch of the regulator 128
will be brought opposite the outer end of the lever 115, so as to feed the carriage a
space corresponding to that required by the "w" and "m," ciz.: four teeth of the
wheel 116.
The capital letters "W" and "M" also require more space than the other capital
letters, and the spacing for those letters is given as will be evident from the foregoing,
by depressing the capital key 88 and the key-levers "W" and "M" which will
acluate the spacing mechanism of the matrix carriage in the manner hereinbefore set
B

page_text: forth to such an extent (the manner of which will be evident from the foregoing) as
will bring a notch of the regulating device 128 opposite the outer end of the lever 115,
which will give a feed to the matrix carriage 120 corresponding to the space required
by said capital letters "W" and "M," ciz.: seven teeth of the wheel 116. It will be
understood, of course, that the regulator and the spacing mechanism resume their
normal position after the keys resume their original positions.
Supported through the instrumentality of a curved bracket 56¹ from which extend
two ribs 57 and 58 that serve to stiffen the same, are two arms 156 and 157. To the
the arin 156 is pivoted a link 158 and to the arm 157 is pivoted a lever 159. The
link 158 and the lever 159 support a horizontal bar 160 that carries a rider 161, that
is arranged within the path of a projecting strip 162 upon the matrix carriage 120, so
that said projecting strip 162, when the carriage reaches a certain point in its travel
to the left (Fig. 3), will strike the rider 161 and operate the lever 159 which actuates
a spring-mounted striker 163 upon the return of said lever 159 to its normal position
after the rider escapes said strip an 1 will strike a bell 164 affixed to the arm 157, and
thus notify the operator that the end of the line is near. The rider 161 can be
adjusted to any point along the horizontal piece 160. The bar 160 is joined to the
lever 159 by a pin 1591 which takes in a notch in said lever so that when the carriage
is moved to the right (in an opposite direction to the arrow Fig. 3) said bar will not
operate said lever and no signal will be given.
The matrix carriage 120 slides between ways 165 and 166 which are connected
together by slides 167 and 168 and the bridge piece 114 before described, and
together form an intermediate carriage. The slides 167 and 168 work on ways 169
and 170 on top of the casing 103. The intermediate carriage supports the matrix
carriage 120, and is movable at right angles to the movement which is given to the
matrix carriage by the spacing mechanism previously described. Pivoted to the
intermediate carriage, preferably to the side piece 167 thereof, is a pawl 171 which
takes into a ratchet bar 172. This ratchet bar 172 is connected with a push and pull
rod 173, and is supported by pins extending from the casing 103 and working in slots
in said ratchet bar, so that said ratchet bar may be reciprocated. The object of this
mechanism is to feed for the lines. The push and pull bar 173 passes to the front of
the machine and is fashioned into a finger key and supported at the front end of said
machine by a bearing 174. When the bar 173 is pushed in, it moves the intermediate
carriage, that carries the matrix carriage, toward the rear of the machine, and thus
inoves the matrix surface in a direction at right angles to the letter-spacing mechanism.
After the bar 173 has been pushed in, it is pulled forward into its normal position
whereupon the pawl 171 will ride over the ratchet teeth without feeding the inter-
mediate carriage, but whenever said bar is pushed inwardly the matrix carriage will
be fed to spare the lines. The pawl 171 is arranged upon a spindle 175, which passes
through the casing 103 and has secured to it, a finger piece 176 that projects beyond
said casing, whereby said pawl may be raised from the ratchet har 172 and the inter-
mediate carriage moved by hand to the starting or any other position.
Pivoted to the bearing 174 or to the raised part 20' of the base plate 20 of the
machine are plates 177 and 178, which have projecting ends that may be grasped by
the fingers to rotate either one of said plates and interpose them between the
bearing 174 and the shank of the finger button upon the end of the rod 173, so that
the limit of the excursion of the rod 173 can be regulated and more or less space
given to the lines of printing. Ordinarily the shank of the finger button arranged
upon the plate 177 will strike the bearing 174 but when the plate 177 is turned up in
position, the base of said shank will strike against the plate 177 and thus the ratchet
bar 172 will move through less space and feed the intermediate carriage that supports
the matrix carriage a less distance. When the plate 178 is raised in position, the inter-
mediate carriage and matrix carriage will be fed through less distance still. Any
number of plates may be so arranged so as to make the space between the lines less it
desired. The matrix board or other substance is held on the matrix carriage 120 by
means of two clamp bars 179 (Figs. 1, 6, 9 and 16) hinged to rectangular projections

page_text: on strip 162 and locked in place by two catches 180 fastened to carriage 120 having
notches therein which engage projecting pins on the clamp bars 179. Any suitable
material may be used for a matrix, such as wax, bibulous paper <&c.
Various changes may be made in the mechanism herein described without departing
from the spirit of my invention. I wish therefore to have it understood that I do not
limit myself to the exact construction set forth. Other forms of type-wheel may be
used if desired. It will be understood that the mechanism herein described for
shifting the type-wheel as well as the mechanism set forth herein for taking an
impression, and the various spacing mechanisms, can each be used independently of
the other and each adapted for use with other mechanisms for accomplishing the same
purposes, that is to say that the mechanism herein described for rotating the type-
wheel to any character may be used with other forms of mechanism for taking an
impression, and also with other mechanism for shifting the type-wheel, should a
shiftable type-wheel be used. So, too, these two latter mechanisms could be used
independently of the mechanism herein described for rotating said type-wheel and be
used with other mechanism for rotating the type-wheel to the desired character, and
further the various spacing and feeding mechanisms could be used with other
impression-producing mechanism and also with other means for shifting the type-
wheel, and with other means for rotating the type-wheel to any desired character.
The mechanisms herein set forth however are specially designed for one another and
have a special community of operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what - I
claim is :-
1. A type-wheel having independently movable type and normally held at the blank
space, key-levers for moving said type-wheel to any desired character, a punch for
actuating separately each independently movable type when positioned, and a toggle
joint controlled by the key-levers for operating said punch,
2. A type-wheel with independently movable type, key-levers for moving said type-
wheel to any desired character by means of slotted plates and pins, a toggle joint
controlled by said key-levers, and a punch operated thereby to actuate separately each
independently movable type when positioned beneath the same.
3. The combination in a type printing machine, of a number of key-levers, a
number of slotted plates arranged adjacent to the ends of said key-levers, pins carried
by said key-levers for operating upon said slotted plates, a type-wheel, and connections
intermediate the type-wheel and said slotted plates and pins, controlled by the key-
levers for positioning said type-wheel.
4. In a type printing machine, a number of key-levers, a type-wheel, an oscillating
gear for positioning said type-wheel, a saddle having a heart-shaped slot, a saddle-
guide, and plates and arms operated upon by the key-levers, controlling said saddle
and oscillating gear.
5. The combination in a matrix-making machine, of a number of key-levers, a
number of slotted plates arranged adjacent to the inner ends of said key-levers, pins
carried by said key-levers for operating upon said slotted plates, arms and plates con-
trolled by said slotted plates, a saddle governed by said arms, an oscillating segmental
gear actuated by said plates and saddle, a spur wheel controlled by said segmental
gear, and a type-wheel rotated thereby.
6. In a matrix-making machine, the combination of a number of pivoted key-levers,
two sets of slotted plates controlled by said key-levers, an arm governed by each set
of slotted plates, plates 30 carried by said arms, a saddle controlled by said arms, a
segmental gear oscillated by said plates 30 and governed by said saddle, a spur wheel
meshing with said segmental gear, a type-wheel rotated by said spur wheel, and springs
for returning the said segmental gear to its normal position.
7. The combination of a number of pivoted finger-keys 22, pins 23 carried by said
finger-keys, two sets of slotted plates 24 controlled by said pins, an arm 29 actuated
by each set of slotted plates, plates 30 of the form described carried thereby, a

page_text: saddle 31 having a heart-shaped slot therein, a guide 31' therefor, a pin 32 carrying
said saddle, a segmental gear 33 carrying said pin and controlled by said plates 30
and saddle, a spur wheel BS rotated thereby, and a type-wheel coupled thereto.
8. The combination in a printing machine, of a number of key-levers, a type-wheel
ith independently movable type positioned thereby, connections controlled by the said
key-levers, a punch operated by said connections, to actuate any one of said movable
type, a single adjusting pawl operated by the connections controlled by the key-levers
for holding said type-wheel in whatever position it is placed by the aforesaid connections,
and liberating said type-wheel as soon as the key-levers are struck, and a printing
surface arranged in the path of said type.
9. The combination in a printing machine, of a number of key-levers 22, a type-
wheel with independently movable type positioned thereby, arms 46 and 48 controlled
by said key-levers, a connecting rod 49 governed by the arm 48, a bell-crank lever 51
actuated by said connecting rod, a reciprocating bar 52, a rack 54 upon said bar, a
spur wheel 55 controlled thereby, a cam 59 of the shape set forth carrying said spur-
wheel 55, a punch 75 controlled by said cam through the instrumentality of a toggle
joint to force any one of said type into a printing surface arranged adjacent to said
-type-wheel, an adjusting pawl 64 for holding said type-wheel in whatever position it
is placed, and an arm 61 controlling said adjusting pawl through the instrumentality
of said cam, substantially as set forth.
10. The combination in a printing machine, of a type-wheel having a serrated
periphery, a single pawl which tends to seek engagement with the serrations, for
holding and adjusting said type-wheel in whatever position it is placed, a lifting lever
for raising said pawl from said type-wheel, and a cam as described controlling said
lifting lever to raise said pawl from the serrations and to permit the same to seek
engagement therewith.
11. A finger key mechanism for shifting a type-wheel in the direction of its axis,
consisting of one or more connections intermediate of the type-wheel and a bar 83,
arms 84 carrying said bar, a shaft. 85 by which said arms are hinged, pins projecting
from said arms at varying distances from said shaft, and finger keys arranged to
operate upon said pins, substantially as set forth.
12. The combination of a type-wheel having a plurality of circumferential rows of
characters, a sleeve 39 upon which said type-wheel is mounted, a shaft carrying said
sleeve, gearing for rotating said type-wheel to any desired position, links 80 for
shifting said sleeve, a bell-crank lever 81 pivoted to said links, a rod 82 encircled by
a spring 86 and pivoted to said bell-crank lever and to a bar 83, arms 84 connected to
said bar 83, pins projecting from said arms 84 at variable distances from a shaft 85
upon which said arms are hung, and finger keys for acting upon said pins.
13. The combination in a printing machine, of a number of keys, a bar resting
across said keys, armis for pivoting said bar, plates 104 and 105 carried by one of said
arms arranged a slight distance apart and above each other, a disk 106 arranged
between said plates and carrying pins, upon which said plates operate, a link 109
pivoted to said disk, transmitting bar 110 pivoted thereto, a pivoted lever 111,
movable along said bar, a spring-actuated lever pivoted so as to move at right angles
to the aforesaid lever, a shaft controlled by the movement of said pawls through the
instrumentality of an escapement wheel, and a carriage 120 controlled by means of
gearing, through the instrumentality of said shaft.
14. The combination in a type printing machine, of a bar 100 controlled by the
key-levers to operate the spacing mechanism, a strap 129 cut away as shown for
the purpose described, and arranged above certain of said key-levers, and a regulator
under the control of said strap and keys governing the aforesaid spacing mechanism,
whereby when the keys beneath such strap are operated, the regulator will be moved
to control the spacing apparatus in accordance with the movement of said strap, and
the carriage will be moved through a corresponding distance.
1. The combination in a type printing machine, of a bar 140 controlled by the
key-levers to operate the spacing mechanism, a strap 129 cut away as shown for the
purpose described, and arranged above certain of said key-levers, a regulator

page_text: governing the aforesaid spacing mechanism, under the control of said strap, and
connections between said capitalising key and said strap, whereby when the capitalising
key is depressed, the strap 129 will be raised so that when the key-levers are
depressed, the carriage will be spaced for capitals, but when the keys beneath said
strap are depressed, the regulator will be moved to give greater or less spacing than
that required by the ordinary capitals, substantially as set forth.
16. The combination with a type printing apparatus, of a spacing mechanism, a
regulator governing said spacing mechanism, and a mechanism controlling said
regulator governed by the operation of certain keys, consisting of a strap 129 cut
away as set forth, a lever 132 pivoted to said strap by a screw 131, a cam 134
controlling said lever through the instrumentality of a disk 135, a bar 136 connected
with the capitalising key also controlling said disk, a second lever 137 swung about
the pivot of said strap, a screw 138 connecting the first mentioned lever with the
second mentioned lever through a slot in said strap 129. a projection 14 carried by
said second lever, and connections intermediate of said projection and a regulator,
substantially as specified.
17. The combination in a type printing machine, of an ordinary spacing apparatus,
a blank or spacing key, a regulator controlling said spacing apparatus, independent
connections governing said regulator, a strap 129 for actuating said independent
connections, an extensible blade 149 mounted upon the blank spacing key an
adapted, when extended, to control said strap, and a key or bar 152 for projecting
said blade forward to control said strap.
18. The combination in a type printing machine, of an ordinary spacing mechanism
governed by the key-levers, one member of which slides upon another, and a
regulating mechanism controlling said spacing mechanism and also governed by
said key-levers, one member of which regulating mechanism also slides upon another,
whereby the carriage may be fed for space between the lines without interfering with
the operation of said spacing mechanisms.
19. The combination in a type printing machine, of a sliding carriage constructed
to be fed as the letter keys are operated, an intermediate carriage in which said
sliding carriage is mounted movable at right angles to the motion of said carriage, a
pawl secured to said intermediate carriage, and a ratchet bar controlling said
pawl and operated by a reciprocating finger key bar for spacing the lines of printing.
20. The combination in a type printing machine, of a sliding carriage constructed
to be fed as the letter keys are operated, an intermediate carriage in which said
sliding carriage is mounted movable at right angles to the motion of said sliding
carriage, a pawl secured to said intermediate carriage, a ratchet bar controlling said
pawl and operated by a key bar for spacing the lines of printing, and a finger button
for disengaging the pawl from the ratchet bar, whereby said intermediate carriage
can be moved independently of said ratchet bar.
21. The combination in a type printing machine, of a sliding carriage constructed
to be fed as the letter keys are operated, an intermediate reciprocating carriage in
which said sliding carriage is mounted, movable at right angles to the motion of
said sliding carriage, a reciprocating key bar for sliding said intermediate carriage to
space the lines, and a plurality of pivoted stops for limiting the movement of said
reciprocating key bar when moved in the path of the same.
Dated this 18th day of July 1890.
ALBERT JOHN KLETZKER,
Per J. G. L.