Im- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SCOURING, PREPARING FOR PRINTING, BLEACHING, CLEANSING, AND DRYING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, OR OTHER YARNS, AND FOR BEAMING OR WINDING THE YARNS ON TO BOBBINS
Year: 1872

page_text: .
LETTERS PATENT to John Wilkinson, the younger, Samuel Fil-
lingham, and James Pardoe, all of St. Helen's Mills, Leeds, in the
County of York, and William Glover, of Balne Lane Mills,
Wakefield, in said County, Manager, for the Invention of “Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SCOURING, PREPARING FOR
PRINTING, BLEACHING, CLEANSING, AND DRYING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, OR
OTHER YARNS, AND FOR BEAMING OR WINDING THE YARNS ON TO BOBBINS."
Sealed the 21st January 1873, and dated the 29th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wilkinson, Samuel
Fillingham, James Pardoe, and William Glover at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th
November 1872.
We, JOHN WILKINSON, the younger, SAMUEL FILLINGHAM, and
JAMES PARDOE, all of St. Helen's Mills, Leeds, in the County of York,
and WILLIAM GLOVER, of Balne Lane Mills, Wakefield, in said
County, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SCOURING, PREPARING FOR
PRINTING, BLEACHING, CLEANSING, AND DRYING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, OR OTHER
YARNS, AND FOR BEAMING OR WINDING THE YARNS ON TO BOBBINS," to be as
follows:-
The object of our Invention is to operate upon woollen or worsted
yarns in a more effectual manner than has heretofore been done when

page_text: these yarns are operated upon in the hank in the processes of washing,
scouring, bleaching, and mordanting such yarns. To this end we
separate the yarns from each other so that the chemical solutions or
water through which they are conducted will effectually act on all parts,
and the several processes will be carried on with greater certainty and
in a more perfect manner than heretofore. To this end the bobbins
containing the yarns to be operated upon are, by preference, taken
direct from the doubling frame, and without the yarns being rewound or
made into hanks the bobbins are mounted in a creel, from which the
yarns are drawn, and when properly separated by being passed through
a reed or other analogous device they are conducted into a tank or
vessel containing soapsuds or other lees. After passing over and
under carrying rollers they pass between a pair of pressing rollers, the
upper one of which is weighted in any convenient manner. The
superabundant moisture is pressed from the yarns and runs back into the
tank or vessel, after which the yarns may be conducted through a second
tank containing soapsuds or other lees, and between a second pair of
pressing rollers, and then through a vessel containing water, which, with
the addition of another pressing operation, will wash out the soap or
other lees from the yarns. The yarns are then passed through a bath
containing a solution of salts of tin or other mordanting preparation,
and then through a bath of water to wash out the superfluous mordanting
preparation.
Either before or after this mordanting process yarns may, if desired,
be conducted through a bleaching solution, such as chloride of lime or
other suitable preparation, and ultimately through one or more vessels
containing water for the purpose of washing out or removing the super-
fluous bleaching solution. Pressing rollers are adapted to all the several
tanks for the purpose of expressing the superabundant moisture from
the yarns, which are finally dried by being passed round, over, or in
contact with one, two, or more heated cylinders. The yarns having
thus been washed, mordanted, bleached, and dried, are then passed
through a reed, and ultimately wound on to a warp beam or beams
ready for printing or weaving.
Instead of winding the cleansed yarns on to a beam, as above-
mentioned, they may be wound on to bobbins mounted in a suitable
moveable frame, so that they may be rotated at the proper speed to take
up the yarns as they are delivered from the machine. A traversing

page_text: motion is adapted to the bobbin frame so that the yarns may be wound
on the bobbins with proper regularity.
It will be evident that by combining several processes in one machine
or apparatus so that they may be carried on in succession, a very con-
siderable economy of labour will be effected. We would, however,
observe that some of the processes, such as either the bleaching or
mordanting, may under some circumstances be dispensed with.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Wilkinson, Samuel Fillingham, James
Pardoe, and William Glover, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JoHN
WILKINSON, the younger, SAMUEL FILLINGHAM, and JAMES PARDOE,
all of St. Helen's Mills, Leeds, in the County of York, and WILLIAM
GLOVER, of Balne Lane Mills, Wakefield, in said County, Manager, send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in
the thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Wilkinson, the younger,
Samucl Fillingham, James Pardoe, and William Glover, Her special
licence that we, the said John Wilkinson, the younger, Samuel
Fillingham, James Pardoe, and. William Glover, our executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John
Wilkinson, the younger, Samuel Fillingham, James Pardoe, and
William Glover, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APParatus
FOR SCOURING, PREPARING FOR PRINTING, BLEACHING, CLEANSING, AND DRYING
WORSTED, WOOLLEN, OR OTHER YARNS, AND FOR BEAMING OR WINDING THE YARNS
ON TO BOBBINS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said

page_text: John Wilkinson, the younger, Samuel Fillingham, James Pardoe, and
William Glover, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Fillingham, James Pardoe,
and William Glover, on behalf of ourselves and of the said John
Wilkinson, the younger, do hereby declare the nature our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
The object of our Invention is to operate upon woollen or worsted
yarns in a more effectual manner than has heretofore been done when
these yarns are operated upon in the hank in the processes of washing,
scouring, bleaching, and mordanting such yarns. To this end, before
submitting the yarns to the processes above-mentioned, we separate them
from each other, so that the chemical solutions or water through which
they are to be conducted will effectually act on all parts, and the several
processes will be carried on with greater certainty and in a more perfect
manner than heretofore.
In the accompanying Drawings we have shewn at Fig. 1, Sheet I., the
way in which we carry out our Invention. The Figure in the Drawing
represents a longitudinal vertical section of the entire apparatus for
carrying out all the processes in succession until the yarns are wound
upon the warp beam ready to be woven up into fabrics or on to bobbins
preparatory to placing them on the printing drum, as shewn in Sheets II.
and III., which simply represent the machinery whereby the cleaned
yarns are wound on to the bobbins, the washing and cleansing machinery
being precisely the same as that shewn in Sheet I. The bobbins con-
taining the yarns to be operated upon are, by preference, taken direct
from the doubling frame and without the yarns being rewound or made
into hanks as is usually the case. The bobbins are mounted in a creel
(as at a in the Drawing), from which the yarns are drawn, and when
properly separated by being passed through a reed or other analogous
device they are conducted over a roller into a tank or vessel c con-

page_text: I
taining soapsuds or other lees. After passing over and under carrying
rollers c, c, c', the yarns pass between a pair of pressing rollers d, d, the
upper one of which is weighted in any convenient manner. The
superabundant moisture is pressed from the yarns by the weighted roller
and runs back into the tank or vessel c, after which the yarns may be
conducted through a second tank e also containing soapsuds or other
lees, and between a second pair of pressing rollers f, f, and then through
a vessel containing water, which, with the addition of another pressing
operation effected by the roller h, h, will wash out the soap or other lees
from the yarns. The yarns are then passed through a bath containing a
solution of salts of tin or other mordanting preparation in the vessel i, and
then between other pressing rollers j, and through a bath of water in the
vessel to wash out the superfluous mordanting preparation. Either
before or after this mordanting process the yarns may, if desired, be
conducted through a bleaching solution, such as chloride of lime or
other suitable preparation contained in the vessel 1, 1, and ultimately
through one or more vessels m and m* containing water for the purpose
of washing out or removing the superfluous bleaching solution. Pressing
rollers n, n, are adapted to all the several tanks for the purpose of ex-
pressing the moisture from the yarns which are finally dried by being
passed round two or more heated cylinders 0, 0, 0. The yarns having
thus been washed, mordanted, bleached, and dried are then passed through
a reed p, and ultimately wound on to a warp beam or beams q ready for
printing or weaving. This beam rests on two rollers r, r, which are
driven by any suitable gearing, and will rotate the beam q by friction of
contact.
Instead of winding the yarns on to a beam when they come from the
last tank m* and drying cylinders o, o, o, as shewn at Sheet I., we some-
times wind them on to separate bobbins which are arranged in a frame,
as shewn in Sheets II. and III. Fig. 2, Sheet II., is a plan view of the
bobbin arrangement; Fig. 3, Sheet III., is a side elevation of the same;
Fig. 4 is an oblique side elevation of the stationary bobbin frame; and
Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the same. The yarns on quitting the last
drying cylinder o, Fig. 3, pass through the reed p, and are conducted
through eyes in the reciprocating travelling frame q to the bobbins 1,
mounted in the fixed framing 8, 8, which consists of two parts set at
right angles to each other, and at an obtuse angle to the line of travel of
the yarns, as shewn best in the plan view, Fig. 2, Sheet II. The
bobbins r, r, are supported on brackets s¹, 8', which form part of the

page_text: frame 8, s, and are drawn by the weighted cords t against the surfaces of
the rollers u, u, to which rotary motion is imparted by means of
the gearing u¹, u³, at one end of the frame, as shewn at Fig. 2, Sheet II.,
and Fig. 4, Sheet III. This driving gear consists of a vertical shaft
carrying a series of endless screws which gear into and drive worm
wheels on the ends of the axles of the rollers u. On the lower end of the
vertical screw shaft is a bevil toothed wheel, which is driven by a similar
wheel on the end of the long horizontal shaft u², which is driven by
bevil gear from the gearing connected with the tanks in Sheet I. The
travelling reciprocating frame q is provided with rollers or flanged wheels
which run upon rails v, Figures 2 and 3, and is connected by a rod q¹ to
an endless chain w, Fig. 3, driven by two wheels w¹, w¹. A slow motion
is given to these latter by means of a worm taking into a worm wheel
on the axle of one of the pairs of wheels 20¹, as seen best in the plan
view, Fig. 2.
From the above description it will be seen that when the yarns, after
passing through the reed p and the eyes in the travelling frame q, are
conducted to the bobbins they will be laid in regular coils thereon by
the reciprocating motion of the travelling frame q and the rotary motion
of the bobbins themselves, which are driven by friction of contact
against the surface of the rollers u, u. The yarns, therefore, after
washing, bleaching, and dyeing may either be wound separately on to
bobbins in the way just explained or on to a beam, as shewn in Fig. 1.
It will be evident that by combining several processes in one machine
or apparatus in the manner herein shewn and described (so that they
may be carried on in succession) a very considerable economy of labour
will be effected. We would however observe that some of the processes,
such as either the bleaching or mordanting may under some cir-
cumstances be dispensed with.
In order that the operations of the machine may be continuous the
attendant (as the yarns are drawn off the bobbins in the creel) must be
ready to supply fresh and full bobbins, and must join the ends of the old
yarns to the beginning of the yarns on the full bobbins.
By arranging and working the parts in the manner shewn and des-
cribed any length of yarn may be passed through the apparatus without
stopping, and when the warp beam q is full the yarns may be severed
and the full beam removed when another may be put in its place.

page_text: Having now described our Invention of "Improvements in Machinery
or Apparatus for Scouring, Preparing for Printing, Bleaching, Oleansing,
and Drying Worsted, Woollen, or other Yarns, and for Beaming or
Winding the Yarns on to Bobbins," and having explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we claim as our Invention passing the
yarns through the several washing, cleansing, dyeing, bleaching, and
mordanting tanks, and over or round the drying cylinders in a divided
state, as herein set forth, so that each separate yarn may be more
effectively operated upon in the several tanks, and a more uniform
result obtained than when the yarns are subjected to such processes in
the form of hanks or bunches.
We claim the, combination with the creel a and the several tanks
c, g, k, l, m, and m*, or some of them, with their carrying and pressing
rollers, and the drying cylinders o of the reeds b and p for keeping the
yarns separate as and for the purpose specified.
We also claim, combining with the above, the apparatus, shewn in
Sheets II. and III., for winding the cleaned yarns when dried on to
separate bobbins, as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Fillingham, James Pardoe,
and William Glover, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the
Twenty-seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
SAMUEL FILLINGHAM. (L.S.)
JAMES PARDOE.
W. GLOVER.
Witness to the signature of
Samuel Fillingham, James
Pardoe, and William Glover,
GEO. Ed. WRIGHT,
Headingley.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)