IMPTS. IN PACKING FOR STEAM ENGINE PISTON RODS, SLIDE VALVE SPINDLES AND OTHER PARTS, AND OTHER PRIME MOVERS AND MACHINES REQUIRING TIGHT JOINTS AT THE MOVING PARTS."
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bell, of Strand Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, and Robert Henry Harper, of Billiter St, in the City of London,
both of the Irwell India Rubber & Gutta Percha Works Limited, for an
invention of "IMPTS. IN PACKING FOR STEAM ENGINE PISTON RODS, SLIDE
VALVE SPINDLES AND OTHER PARTS, AND OTHER PRIME MOVERS AND MACHINES
REQUIRING TIGHT JOINTS AT THE MOVING PARTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bell & Robert
Henry Harper at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
18th April 1882.
JAMES BELL of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster and ROBERT HENRY
HARPER of Billiter Street in the City of London, both of the Irwell India Rubber
and Gutta Percha Works Limited "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR STEAM
ENGINE PISTON RODS, SLIDE VALVE SPINDLES AND OTHER PARTS AND OTHER PRIME
MOVERS, AND MACHINES REQUIRING TIGHT JOINTS AT THE MOVING PARTS."
This invention has for its object, an improved mode of forming a packing for
the piston rods, slide valve spindles and other parts of steam engines and other
prime movers and machines requiring tight joints at the moving parts, and consists
in an improved method manner or mode of applying Asbestos in combination with
vulcanised india rubber and suitable woven fibrous material, in such a manner as
to produce an elastic, durable, and economical packing suitable for the above uses.
In carrying out our invention we take Asbestos either in the form of fibre or
manufactured into sheets or cloth and when used as a fibre lay it evenly along so
as to form a straight collection of fibres tolerably compacted to admit of handling,
and having prepared a suitable length and breadth of woven canvas, jute manilla
or other suitable woven fibrous material by covering one side of it with a thin
coat of india rubber solution, place the compacted mass of fibrous asbestos on
the same, and fold the edges over the sides of the asbestos, taking care so to
proportion the width of the woven fibrous material that it does not extend beyond
ו…

page_text: or over the face of the asbestos which is to come in contact with the piston rod,
valve spindle or other moving part.
In some cases in place of forming the depth of the packing out of one thickness
or depth of asbestos we may form it of several thinner masses laying them when
prepared as above, over each other until the required thickness or depth of packing
is obtained, a thin coat of indin rubber solution being employed to cause each
covered length of asbestos to hold together. When the suitable amount of asbestos
is prepared and covered as above described, it may be then attached by india
rubber solution to a suitable strip of vulcanised india rubber, or india rubber and
canvas which forms a backing and assists in securing the desired elasticity. In
some cases we may attach the asbestos and its woven covering to the backing, by
covering it with a suitable length and width of woven material covered with
india rubber solution which covers the back of the india rubber and is fulded or
turned over at the edges so as to secure the combined materials, in a similar
manner to that in which the asbestos is secured in the woven fibrous covering.
When we employ asbestos sheet or cloth for forming the packing we cut from
the same parallel or suitably shaped or formed strips of the required length and
width, and pile or lay them flat on each other with a thin coat of india rubber
solution between them to ensure their adhesion and when the desired depth of
packing is obtained cover them with the woven fibrous material as described in
the former case, and then attach them to the india rubber backing ns hereinbefore
described. In this case the edges of the thickness of the sheet are presented to
the moving part, and the depth of the packing may be obtained by attaching tho
strips of the sheets to each other until it is arrived at, or it may be formed by
attaching two or more strips together and covering them with the woven fibrous
material and adding togethor a sufficient number of the strips so prepared to obtain
the required depth after which the whole may be attached to the indin rubber
backing as hereinbefore described and when the aforesaid compound packing is
formed, it may be subjected to a suitable pressure and for a sullicient time to cause
it to maintain its form, and secure its adhesion throughout.
In some cases we may use the sheet of sufficient thickness to give the depth of
packing required, without having to build it up out of numerous thinner ones.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Bell & Robert Henry Harper in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th October 1882.
JAMES BELL, of Strand Street, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, and ROBERT
HENRY HARPER, of Billiter Street, in the City of London both of the Irwell
India-rubber and Gutta-percha Works (Limited). "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING
FOR STEAM-ENGINE PISTON RODS, SLIDE VALVE SPINDLES AND OTHER PARTS, AND
OTHER PRIME MOVERS AND MACHINES REQUIRING TIGHT JOINTS AT THE MOVING
PARTS.'
"
This invention has for its object an improved mode of forming a packing for the
piston rods, slide valve spindles, and other parts of steam engines and other prime
movers and machines requiring tight joints at the moving parts and consists of an
improved method manner or mode of applying Asbestos in combination with
vulcanised india-rubber and suitable wovon fibrous material or materials in such a
manner as to produce an elastic durablo and economical packing suitable for the
above uses.
In carrying out our invention we take Asbestos either in the form of fibre or
spun or plaited together, or manufactured into tape, cloth, or sheets, and when
used as a fibre in its loose state, lay it evenly along so as to form a straight
collection of fibres tolerably compacted to admit of handling, and tie or bind it
together at suitable distances, or serve it round and stitch it through, and having
prepared a suitable length and breadth of woven hemp, cotton or asbestos cloth or
canvas jute, manilla, coir, or other suitable woven fibrous material or combination
of the same by covering one side of it with a thin coat of india-rubber solution,
place the mass of compacted fibrous Asbestos on the same and fold the edges over
the sides of the asbestos taking care so to proportion the width of the woven
fibrous material that it does not extend over the face of the asbestos which is to
come in contact with the piston rod, valve spindle, or other moving part, and we
may then stitch or sew the whole together so as to keep the woven fibrous
material and asbestos in place and then attach the same to a suitable vulcanized
india-rubber backing strip (see Figure 1).
We may also modify the mode of arranging the asbestos hereinbefore described
so as to obtain greater solidity, by using the asbestos spun or plaited together or
in the form of thread or twine combined or not with other fibrous material or
materials in place of in the state of loose fibre taking a sufficient quantity and
working it up and together in a similar manner to that in which the woven cotton
driving belts are forined, whereby we can form the required mass of packing
without the use of rubber solution or stitching to cause the same to hold together,
and then attach the rubber backing, which in some cases may be provided with a
backing of the asbestos or asbestos and fibre of a suitable thickness placed between
it and the woven canvas or other covering, and we may then stitch or otherwise
attach the said covering to the asbestos (See Figure 2.)
In some cases in place of forming the depth of the packing out of one thickness
or depth of asbestos we may form it of several thinner masses, laying them when
prepared over each other until the required thickness or depth of packing is
obtained, a thin coat of india-rubber solution being employed to cause each covered
or uncovered length of asbestos to hold together, and then stitch, sew through or
otherwise suitably attach or fasten the whole together as in the former case.
When the suitablo or desired amount of Asbestos is prepared and covered as
herein before described it may then be attached by india-rubber solution or other
suitable and convenient means to a strip of backing of vulcanised india rubber or

page_text: india-rubber and canvas or asbestos or other woven fibrous material which forms a
backing, and assists in securing the desired elasticity, and if desired a backing of
usbestos or combination of asbestos and other fibrous material may be attached to
the strip of rubber on the side opposite to that which comes in contact with the
anoving part (See Figures 3 and 4).
In some cases we may attach the Asbestos and its woven covering to the backing
by covering it with a suitable length and width of woven material covered with
indin-rubber solution, which covers the back of the rubber and is folded or turned
over at the edges so as to secure the combined materials without any asbestos
between and then stitch the whole together in a similar manner to that hereinbefore
described (See Figure 5).
When we employ asbestos tape, cloth, or sheet, for forming the packing wo cut
from the same parallel or suitably shaped or formed strips of the required length
and width or use tape of the desired width and pile or lay them flat upon cachi
other with a thin coat of india-rubber solution between them, to ensure their
adhesion, and when the desired depth of packing is obtained cover them with the
woven fibrous material and stitch the whole together as described in the former
ense and then attach them to the india-rubber backing by stitching through the
whole, or else use india-rubber solution for the purpose. In this case the edges of
the thickness of the sheet are presented to the moving part, and the depth of the
packing may be obtained by attaching the strips of the sheets to each other until
it is arrived at, or it may be formed by attaching two or more strips together and
covering them with the woven fibrous material and adding together a sufficient
number of the strips so prepared or covered to obtain the required depth, after
which the whole may be attached to the india-rubber backing by the solution or
stitching or sewing as hereinbefore described; and when the aforesaid compound
packing is formed it may be subjected to a suitable pressure and for a suflicient
time to cause it to maintain its form and secure its adhesion throughout, or it may
be pressed in a mould first and stitched or sewn afterwards.
In some cases we may use the sheet of sufficient thickness to give the depth of
packing required without having to build it up out of numerous thinner ones.
We inny also modify the arrangements shown in the figures to that shown in
Figure 6 by taking suitable strips of the asbestos as cloth, board, or sheet and
covering them on both sides with a suitable india-rubber solution placing the first
flat ways upon the india-rubber backing and then rolling both up in, or folding
over the strip a suitable woven fibrous material which may also have the suitable
rubber solution applied to it, and then place another strip on the woven fibrous
material over the former one and again folding or rolling it up in the woven fibrous
material continuing to apply the strips and fold or roll them up in the fibrous
material until the desired thickness of packing is obtained. In this case however
as will be seen by the figure the flat or wide surface of the asbestos is presented to
the moving part in place of the narrow edge or thickness as shown in Figures 3
and 4 and will not consequently be so good for wear as the arrangements shown in
the former figures. It may also be formed by cementing tho woven fibrous
material to one or both sides of a slicet of the asbestos either as board or cloth,
cutting from the same the strips of the form and dimensions required and then
cementing them together by a suitablo india-rubbor solution until the required
thickness is obtained when it may be attached to the rubber backing strip in
either of the ways shown in the other figures.
By preferenco we manufacture the packing in a squaro form and as shown in
the drawings but this may be varied to suit requirements and it may be caused to
take its desired form by being pressed in a suitable mould for a sufficient timo and
with a sufficient pressure to ensure the required result.
In some cases we make use of ozokerit plumbago or other lubricant incorporated
with the material during or after manufacture in suitable quantity and proportions
to secure the desired effect, such for instance as one half of each by bulk or such
other suitable proportion as will meet the varying requirements of such conditions,

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said invention of "Improvements in
packing for steam engine piston rods, slide valve spindles, and other parts and
other primo movers and machines requiring tight joints at the moving parts" and
the manner in which the same is to or may be perforined and brought into
practical effect, we desire to state that we do not limit or confine ourselves to the
precise details herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying sheet of
drawings as the same may be modified without departing from the nature of the
said invention, nor do we claim as of our invention the use of packing for making
tight joints, as this is not novel; nor the use of asbestos or woven fibrous material
or india-rubber, separately or in combination for making packing, as these have
been used before; but what we do claim as of our invention and desire to have
protected by Letters Patent is
"
The combinations and arrangements of the materials hereinbefore specified in
the manner and for the purposes herein before described and specified and as shown
in the accompanying sheet, of drawings, or any mere modification of the sune.
In witness whereof, we the said James Bell and Robert Henry Harper have
hereunto set our hands and seals this sixteenth day of October in the year
of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty-two.