Improvements in Gas Puddling Furnaces.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 15th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by RICHARD NICKERSON OAKMAN, the Younger,
of Greenfield, in the State of Massachusetts, United States of America,
Gentleman.]
Improvements in Gas Puddling Furnaces.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Breams Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a double hearth puddling furnace adapted to be heated
by the combustion of gas and air introduced and burned under pressure, and for
utilising the escaping products of combustion to the best advantage.
The object of this invention is to provide for heating each of the two hearths
alternately by waste heat from the other hearth, that is, to provide for heating one
of the hearths at one period by direct firing with gas, while the other is heated by
the flame and waste products escaping from the first hearth, and in which the
second hearth, at the next period, is heated by direct firing, while the first is heated
by the flame and waste products from such second hearth, and so on continuously,
the direction of the flame and waste products being reversed at successive periods,
whereby great economy of heat and fuel gas are secured.
In carrying out the invention, the two hearths or chambers are preferably con-
structed with cylindrical side walls and roofs or crowns, all of the usual material
used in the construction of puddling and heating furnaces. The hearths are con-
structed in the usual manner, and supported upon piers or columns, and are
connected by an inclined or tangential flue on a plane some distance below the
crown of the chambers, and preferably near the hearths. The outlet flues are
preferably constructed near the connecting flue on about the same level, and they
extend horizontally outward a short distance, and connect with vertical down-take
flues, which connect at their lower ends with a horizontal flue leading through a
The vertical
flue to a air heater placed below the floor in the working room.
flues are provided with sliding dampers formed of refractory material, and adapted
for tightly closing the flues.
The flues and the chambers are provided with working openings of the ordinary
form, which in practice are closed by suitable doors.
By the construction and arrangement of the inclined connecting flue and the
adjacent escape flues, the flame and hot products escaping from. chamber, say, A,
are caused to circulate around in such chamber before escaping into the flue,
whereby they are held for a longer time in such chamber, and their heat more
effectively utilized. The most advantageous action and effect are also, secured
when the flame and hot products have passed from chamber, say, A' into chamber A,
and thence out through the flue.
The burner ports are formed in an inclined or tangential position in the circum-
ferential walls of the chambers, a short distance below the crowns. They are
preferably placed in a plane a short distance above the openings of the escape.
flues. Gas and hot air are supplied to the burners by the mains and branches,
provided with valves, and the service pipes connecting with the burners are
provided with valves for controlling the relative proportions of gas and air.
In operation, the hearths are both charged with metal to be heated or puddled.
The chamber A having first been heated by direct firing, the gas and hot air are
ignited, the flames being driven tangentially, or in lines corresponding to the
chords of arcs of a circle, from the mouth of one burner into the flame of the
next succeeding burner. The flames and products are thus given a whirling or.

page_text: gyratory motion around the combustion chamber, above the material on the
hearth, and will be caused to pass downward before escaping into the flue. The
outlet flue being closed, the products of combustion pass off through the connecting
flue into chamber A', containing the second charge of metal to be heated and
worked. The waste gases are caused to circulate in chamber A', and are sufficiently
hot to raise the metal to a high temperature, without direct combustion of gas
from its burners, and the gas and air are shut off from such burners. The charge
in the chamber A having been properly heated and worked out, gas and air are
shut off from it by closing the valves, and such chamber is recharged. Gas and
air are then admitted to chamber A'. The charge in chamber A¹ will now be well
heated, and will not require much fuel to heat it to a condition to work, while the
third charge introduced into chamber A will be quickly heated by the hot walls
and the waste products from chamber A', which pass through connecting flue,
circulate in chamber A, and escape by the outlet flues. In this manner, a pair of
connected chambers can be run continuously with a great saving of fuel and
repairs.
The air blast flowing through the heat restorer, carries back to the furnace
nearly all the waste heat in the products of combustion, which leave the heat
restorer at a low temperature. The air and gas valves at the burners being once
properly set to insure a proper mixture of gas and air, the heating and working
of the furnace is made positive for an indefinite time, provided the pressure of air
and gas remain the same.
The tangential direction of the axis of the connecting flue, in relation to
chambers A and A', allows the passage of the products of combustion to take a
circular course in the second chamber, resulting in more evenly and effectively
heating such chamber.
Dated this 10th day of December 1891.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Puddling Furnaces.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a double-hearth puddling furnace adapted to be heated
by the combustion of gas and air introduced and burned under pressure, and for
utilizing the escaping products of combustion to the best advantage.
The object of this invention is to provide for heating each of the two hearths
alternately by waste heat from the other hearth: that is, to provide for heating one
of the hearths at one period by direct firing with gas, while the other is heated by
the flame and waste products escaping from the first hearth, and in which the
second hearth, at the next period, is heated by direct firing, while the first is
heated by the flame and waste products from such second hearth, and so on con-
tinuously, the direction of the flame and waste products being reversed at successive
periods, whereby great economy of heat and fuel gas are secured.
In carrying out the invention, the furnace is preferably constructed with two
cylindrical chambers connected by an inclined or tangential flue, and each chamber
is provided with an escape flue having a damper.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section on the line w w of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section on linear of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 represents a front elevation showing working doors, gas supply pipes, air
supply pipes from an air heater, and a down-take flue from the furnace.

page_text: Fig. 4 represents a vertical transverse section on the line y y Fig. 2, showing
both the down take flues and the connecting flue between the two hearths or
chambers.
The two hearths or chambers A and A' are preferably constructed with
cylindrical side walls B and B', and roofs or crowns C and C, all of the usual
material used in the construction of puddling and heating furnaces. The hearths M
and M'are constructed in the usual manner, and supported upon piers or columns m.
The two bearths or chambers are connected by the inclined or tangential flue D,
on a plane some distance below the crown of the chambers, and preferably near
the hearths, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The outlet flues E and E' are preferably
constructed near the connecting flue D, and on about the same level: these flues
extend horizontally outward a short distance, aud connect with the vertical down-
take flues F and F, which connect at their lower ends with the horizontal flue J,
Figs. 1 and 4, leading through the flue K to the air heater W. which is indicated
mostly by dotted lines in Fig. 4, and is placed below the floor in the working room.
The flues F and F are provided with sliding dampers G and G', formed of
refractory material, and adapted for tightly closing the flues.
The ends of the flues E and E' are provided with openings, d and d¹, having
tight closing doors or lids, e and e, for inspecting the chambers or cleaning the
flues, when desired. The chambers A and A are provided with working
openings H and H' of the ordinary form, which in practice are closed by suitable
doors.
The opening H is placed in such a position that it may be conveniently used
for cleaning flue D.
By the construction and arrangement of the inclined connecting flue D and the
adjacent escape flues E and E', as shown in Fig. 2, the flame and hot products
escaping from chamber A are caused to circulate around in such chamber before
escaping into flue E', whereby they are held for a longer time in such chamber,
and their heat more effectively utilized. The most advantageous action and effect
are also secured when the flame and hot products have passed from chamber A¹
into chamber A, and thence out through flue E, as indicated by the dotted arrows.
The burner ports c are formed in an inclined or tangential position in the
circumferential walls of the chambers A and A', a short distance below the
crowns, as shewn in Fig. 1, and as indicated by dotted lines, a' to a in Fig. 2.
They are preferably placed in a plane a short distance above the openings of the
escape flues. The burners a 1, a 2, a 3, are inserted in the ports of chamber A,
and burners a 4, a 5, a 6, are inserted in the ports c of chamber A', for heating
the respective chambers. Gas is supplied to the burners through the main supply
pipe P, & the branches P' and P, provided respectively with valves r and ³,
and the service pipes j connecting with the burners, as shown in Fig. 3. Hot air
is supplied to the burners from the air heater W by the main O & branches O' O³,
provided with valves t and t, and the service pipes / connecting with the burners.
The burners are provided with valves for controlling the relative proportions of
gas and air, but instead of such valves p, valves may be placed in the service.
pipes and j.
In operation, the hearths are both charged with metal to be heated or
puddled, the chamber A having first been heated by direct firing through the
burners a 1, a 2, a 3. The gas and hot air are supplied under pressure to the
burners and ignited, the flames being driven tangentially or in lines corresponding
to the chords of arcs of a circle from the mouth of one burner into the flame of
the next succeeding burner. The flames and products are thus given a whirling
or gyratory motion around the combustion chamber above the material on the
hearth, and will be caused to pass downward before escaping into the flue D. The
outlet flue E being closed by the damper G, the products of combustion pass off
through the connecting flue D into chamber A¹, containing the second charge of
metal to be heated and worked. The waste gases are caused to circulate in
chamber A', and are sufficiently hot to raise the metal to a high temperature,

page_text: without direct combustion of gas from the burners a 4, a 5, a 6, and the gas and
air are shut off from such burners. The waste products finally pass off through
flues E, F, J, and K, to the air heater W. The charge in the chamber A having
been properly heated and worked out, gas and air are shut off from it by closing
the valves r and t, and such chamber is recharged; the damper G is opened and G¹
closed, and gas and air now admitted to chamber A' by opening valves r¹ and t¹,
and ignited at the burners a 4, a 5, a 6. The charge in chamber A' will now be well
heated, and will not require much fuel to heat it to a condition to work, while the
third charge introduced into chamber A will be quickly heated by the hot walls
and the waste products from chamber A', which pass through flue D, circulate in
chamber A, and escape by the outlet flues E, F, J and K to the heater W. In
this manner, a pair of connected chambers can be run continuously with a great
saving of fuel and repairs.
The air blast flowing through the heat restorer W, carries back to the furnace
nearly all the waste heat in the products of combustion, which leaves the heat
restorer at a low temperature. The air and gas valves at the burners being once
properly set to insure a proper mixture of gas and air, the heating and working of
the furnace is made positive for an indefinite time, provided the pressure of air
and gas remain the same.
The tangential direction of the axis of the connecting flue D, in relation to the
chambers A and A', allows the passage of the products of combustion to take a
circular course in the second chamber, resulting in more evenly and effectively
heating such chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me.
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A double-bearth furnace constructed with two chambers, each having a valved
escape flue, and being connected by an inclined or tangentially arranged flue, and
provided with means for heating them substantially as described.
2. A double-hearth furnace constructed with two chambers having curved walls,
and connected by an inclined or tangentially arranged flue with relation to their
curved walls, and each chamber being provided with an escape flue having a con-
trolling valve, and opening on opposite sides of said connecting flue, and having
means for heating them, substantially as described.
3. A double hearth furnace constructed with chambers A and A', the inclined
or tangentially arranged connecting flue D, the escape flues E and E¹, having
valves G and G³, and opening one on each side of the flue D, and the burner in
the walls near the crown of the chambers, substantially as described.
4. In combination with the two chambered furnace and connecting flue D, the
escape flues E and E', the valved downtake flues F and F', the connecting flues J
and K, and an air heater W, substantially as described.
5. The two chambered furnace having burners in the walls near the crowns of
the chambers, said chambers being connected by a flue, and having valved escape
flues opening in the walls between the burners and the hearth of the chambers,
substantially as described.
Dated this 10th day of September 1892,
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.