Improvements in Looms.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1892.
Complete Specification Left, 16th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms.
We, THOMAS FELL, and JOHN FELL the younger, Hollin Bank Foundry
Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is designed to provide for the more easy adjustment of various
parts of the loom consequent either upon alterations made for the weaving of
different qualities of material therein or upon slack occasioned by wear of the parts.
It has reference primarily to such parts as the slay cap the picker spindles the reed,
the swells, and the bolts for securing the slay ends and check straps.
In carrying out the invention at each of the removable or adjustable parts we
place a bracket or slide (preferably in the form of a double inclined plane) by the
movement of which the desired adjustment can be positively obtained without any
laborious lifting or hauling on the part of the operative.
Between each slay sword and the slay cap a bracket with double slide or incline
is inserted, one incline sliding upon or moving across the other to preserve a parallel
movement of the slay cap. By moving one part of the incline upon the other the
slay cap can be drawn out or in and its position in relation to the shuttle altered.
The bolts which secure the slay cap to the slay swords pass through the bracket
and by slackening the bolt and moving the sliding bracket across the other incline
the desired adjustment is secured.
In the shuttle box the picker spindle upon which the picker slides is held at the
box end by a cross lever held down upon it by a spiral or other spring and the
spindle stud is formed with an eye bolt through which the spindle passes. The
spindle stud is formed with a second screw or bolt end to receive a nut and washer.
Interposed between the washer and spindle is placed a spring which is caused
always to bear tightly against the spindle preferably one end at each side of the
spindle stud. The washer is preferably in the form of a plate formed to press
against the spring and with a projecting end to cover the eye of the bolt and
prevent longitudinal movement of spindle. To adjust the spindle or remove the
picker the screw on the stud is released and the lever at the box end lifted out of
the groove the spindle being thereby allowed to slide toward the slay.
For holding and releasing loose reeds a bracket it attached to or placed upon the
stop rod which at one side engages with or is affixed to the reed case and at the
other extends or projects forward in the form of an arm or lever which engages
with a spring balanced lever affixed to the breast beam. The projecting arm or
lever passes under the spring lever as the slay moves to and fro and the tension of
the spring bracket upon the arm or lever and through it upon the reed case depends
upon the relative positions of the two levers. When the slay is back away from
the breast beam the spring lever acts upon the end of the projecting arm or lever
and the pressure exerted is then the greatest but when the slay and reed are near
to the breast beam the pressure exerted is much less.
The reed is locked by means of an inclined bracket affixed to the breast beam
which enters between the duck bill bracket and the slay bottom on which is a
second inclined bracket. Over the duck bill attached to the stop rod which is
slightly altered from the ordinary shape there is affixed to the slay bottom an
inclined or other bracket and to the breast beam a second inclined bracket preferably
pivoted with a sliding or adjustable end. The end of this bracket is tapered or
wedge shaped and fits in between the top of the duck bill and the bracket on the
slay bottom at each time the reed beats up thereby locking the reed. The pivoted
end of the bracket is preferably held in normal position by a spring.

page_text: To the back of the swell which may be of any suitable construction or of one of
the various forms of construction at present in use we place an inclined sliding
bracket behind or between the fixing bracket and the spring to draw the swell out
and in, to adjust its position in the shuttle box. The retaining screw passes through
the bracket and an additional screw to hold the spring or regulate the tension of it
upon the swell may be applied. The form we prefer is the bracket engaging with
both ends of the swell to which the spring is attached the ends of the swell are
curved back over the ends of the bracket the spring bears against the bracket and
is attached to the back of the shuttle box by a second inclined bracket by moving
which in one direction or the other the swell is drawn in or out of the shuttle box.
The slay end bolts we form with a stud which forms a nut case which can be
easily inserted in or withdrawn from the hole bored in the slay bottom and on the
end of this stud or nut we form a second screw to receive a nut thus forming a nut
case for the end bolt and a check strap screw together.
Dated this 21st day of March 1892
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms.
WC, THOMAS FELL, and JOHN FELL, the younger, of Hollin Bank Foundry,
Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is designed to provide for the more easy adjustment of various
parts of the loom consequent either upon alterations made for the weaving of
different qualities of material therein or upon slack occasioned by wear of the
parts. It has reference primarily to such parts as the reed, slay cap, the picker
spindles, the swells and the bolts for securing the slay ends and check straps.
'It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
in the different figs. sufficient of the parts of the loom referred to are shown to
illustrate the invention.
Fig. 1. Front elevation showing part of slay and reed.
Fig. 2. Transverse sectional elevation through the slay reed and breast beam
showing position of improved parts whilst beating up.
Fig. 3. Transverse sectional elevation showing position of lever (H) when the
slay is back and away from the breast beam.
Fig. 4. Plan in same position as Fig. 3.
.
Fig. 5. Enlarged plan and elevation of bracket for attaching slay · sword tọ
slay cap.
Fig. 6. Sectional elevation of shuttle box.
Fig. 7. Outside end elevation of shuttle box.
Fig: 8. End elevation of opposite end of same.
Fig. 9. Plan of Fig. 6.
Fig. 10. Back clevation of another arrangement of swell with our invention
applied thereto.
Fig. 11. Transverse section of same.
Fig. 12. Plan of Fig. 10.
Fig. 13. Longitudinal section of swell shewn in connection with Figs: 6; 7,
and 9.
Fig. 14. Transverse section of same.
Fig. 15. Section and plan of improved slay end bolt and check strap screw
In carrying out the invention the operative parts of the loom to which your
mprovements are applied such as the slay cap A, the reed B, the slay sword 'G,

page_text: the slay bottom D, the reed case E, the breast beam F, are constructed in the
usual way as are also the other parts of the loom not shown in the drawings.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 4 our improvements are shown as they relate to loose
reeds for holding releasing and locking the same. On the stop rode we place or
affix a bracket G provided at one side with an arm which extends upwards and
engages with and is preferably affixed to the back of the reed case E and at the
other side with a lever g' which extends or projects forward towards the breast
beam F. On the breast beam If is fitted a pivoted lever H secured to the bracket/
and controlled or actuated by a spiral spring . The lever of the bracket G
engages with the spring balanced pivoted lever H and passes under the bowl or
runner on the end of the lever H, the bowl or runner 4 bearing upon the top
of the lever as the slay moves to and fro. The pressure or force exerted
by the spring lever H upon the arm or lever and through it upon the reed case
depends upon the relative positions of the two levers H and g. When the slay is
back away from the breast beam (in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4) the spring
lever H acts or bears upon the end of the projecting lever g' furthest from its
fulcrum on the stop rode and the pressure exerted to keep the reed case closed is
then the greatest.
When however the slay and reed are drawn forward near to
the breast beam the pressure exerted to keep the reed case closed is much less
consequent upon the runner of the lever H being much nearer to the fulcrum
of the lever and any slight obstruction to the reed B as the slay moves forward
will cause it to open or swing back in order to prevent damage to the warps.
The reed B is locked or tightly secured in the reed case at the end of each
forward stroke of the slay to present a rigid reed to the fell of the cloth during
the final operation of beating up by means of the inclined bracket I which enters
between the "duck bill" bracket K and the slay bottom D. The "duck bill "
bracket or lever K is fulcrumed upon the stop rode or other pivot with an
The duck-bill
arm extending upwards and attached to the reed case E.
bracket is preferably of the shape shown in Fig. 2 though any ordinary or con-
venient shape may be adopted. Over the duck bill bracket K there is fixed to
the slay bottom D a bracket J of any convenient shape preferably slightly inclined
on its under side between which and the end of the duck bill bracket K the
end of the bracket I engages. The bracket 1 is affixed to the breast beam F
and is preferably formed in two parts the lower or end part being pivoted to the
other and held in normal position by the spring i. The end of the bracket I is
tapered or wedge shaped and enters between the top of the duck bill K and the
bracket J on the slay bottom each time the reed beats up at the end of the forward
stroke of the slay thereby locking the reed and reed case and making the same
at the point where the beating up takes place almost as rigid as a fast reed.
Referring to Figs. 4 and 5 our improvements are shown for attaching the slay
swords to the slay cap. Between each slay sword C and the slay cap A is inserted
a double bracket L formed in two parts each provided with an inclined face or
surface the inclined face of one part sliding upon the inclined face of the other
preserves a parallel movement of the slay cap A. Thus by moving the part 1 of the
bracket L upon the part the slay capcan be drawn out or in and its position in relation
to the shuttle altered. The bolts which secure the slay cap to the slay swords pass
through the brackets I and by slackening the bolt and moving the sliding part 1 of
the bracket across the other inclined surface of the part the desired adjustment
is secured.
Referring to Figs. 6 to 9 our improvements relating to the fixing and securing of
the picker spindle in the shuttle box are shown. The picker spindle M upon which
the picker slides to and fro is as usual secured at both ends to the shuttle box ;
at the outer end of the shuttle box the spindle is held-that is, prevented moving
outward and maintained pressed inwards-by a cross lever N held or forced down
against it by spiral spring n. The cross lever N is formed with an inclined face on
its inner side which bears against the end of a stud m preferably also formed with
an inclined face. The stud is drilled or bored to a slight extent at the other end

page_text: to receive the end of the spindle M. By the action of the cross lever N the
spindle M is always kept tightly pressed against the spindle stud O at the other
end should any wear occur. The spindle stud O is formed with an eyebolt o which
surrounds it and by which it is secured to the end bracket P by the screw or bolt
end p upon which a nut and washer are screwed. If desired a spring may be
interposed but at present we do not consider it necessary. To adjust the spindle or
remove the picker the screw on the stud is released and the lever at the box end
lifted out of the groove the spindle being thereby allowed to slide toward the
slay.
Referring to Figs. 10 to 12 our improvements are shown as applied to one form
of swell. To the back of the swell which may be of any suitable construction or of
one of the various forms of construction at present in use we place an inclined sliding
bracket behind or between it and the back of the shuttle box to draw the swell out
and in, to adjust its position in the shuttle box. In the example shown in these figs.
we apply behind the swell R (which otherwise is of well known construction) a
sliding bracket S the ends of which is inclined and bears against the under side r
of the swell, which is preferably inclined also. By moving the sliding bracket S
the position of the swell can be regulated and adjusted.
Referring to Figs. 13 and 14 also again to 6, 7 and 9 a special construction of
swell is shown which we prefer. The swell R is carried by the bracket T which
engages with both ends of the swell, to this bracket also the spring U is attached by
the bolt . The ends of the swell are curved or cranked back over the ends t of
the bracket T and the swell is held in position by the pressure of the spring U
upon the two ends.
The bracket T is attached to the shuttle box by the lug t' with an inclined under
surface and the second inclined sliding bracket T is interposed between it and the
back of the shuttle box the retaining screw or bolt passing through the two brackets.
By moving the inclined sliding bracket T in one direction or the other the position
of the swell in the shuttle box is adjusted.
Referring to Figs. 6, 9 and 15 our improvements are shown with reference to the
slay end bolt and check strap screw. The slay end bolt V we construct with a
stud W which forms a nut case to hold the nut v from rotating. The stud W is
fitted into a hole bored in the slay bottom. On the outer end of the stud W we
form a screw w to receive a nut w which projects out from the slay bottom to act
as a check strap screw. We thus construct a stud W forming a nut case for the end
bolt V and a check strap screw a connected together, the stud W being retained
in position by the bolt V.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is-
1. A loose reed loom constructed with a bracket or lever G which holds the reed
case in position pivoted to the stop rod provided at one side with an arm g which
engages with the reed case and at the other with a lever g' which projects forward
towards the breast beam in combination with a stationary pivoted spring lever H
affixed to the breast beam which bears upon the projecting lever and holds it down,
the pressure exerted on the reed case to hold it closed varying with the position of
the slay substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. A loom constructed with a duck bill bracket K pivoted on the stop rod and
attached to the reed case in combination with a bracket J attached to the slay
bottom and with a stationary inclined bracket I affixed to the breast beam which
enters between the duck bill bracket K and the bracket J at each stroke of the slay
and locks the reed rigidly in the reed case substantially as described.
3. A loom constructed with the brackets G and H. which hold the recd case closed
with a varying pressure during the movement of the slay in combination with the
brackets K J and I which lock the reed in the case at the end of each stroke
substantially as described and shown,

page_text: 4. In a loom the combination with the slay cap and slay sword of an attaching
bracket L constructed in two parts with inclined surfaces which slide on one another
whereby the relative positions of the slay cap and shuttle can be readily adjusted
substantially as described and shown.
5. The combination with the shuttle box and picker spindle of a loom for the
purpose of holding the picker spindle of a cross lever N with an inclined face held
in position by a spring bearing against the end of a stud m interposed between it and
the spindle substantially as and for the purpose described.
6. In the shuttle box of a loom the combination with the picker spindle at one
end of a cross lever with an inclined face held down by a spring which forces the
spindle forward as it wears and at the other end of a spindle stud and eyebolt by
which it is held in position substantially as described and shown
7. In a loom the combination with the swell of a sliding bracket with an inclined
surface placed between the swell and the back of the shuttle box for the purpose of
regulating and adjusting it, substantially as described.
8. The combination with a loom shuttle box of a swell R, swell bracket T with
inclined lug inclined bracket T¹ and spring U constructed and arranged substan-
tially as described and shown (more particularly in Figs. 9, 13 and 14).
9. In a loom the combination with the slay end bolts of a stud inserted in the slay
bottom which forms a nut case for the end bolt and carries at its outer end a screw
which forms the check strap screw substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 15th day of December 1892
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.