Improvements in Gas Lamps, Applicable also for Heating.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 18th June, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 18th Sept., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Lamps, Applicable also for Heating.
I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of 5, Carlton Road, Hornsey, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention has reference to lamps, and is applicable also for heating: I provide
a construction or arrangement of burner that will produce a divided or duplex flame,
and can be used either inverted or otherwise, air for supporting combustion having in
some arrangements its temperature raised on its way to the flame by contact with
surfaces deriving heat from escaping hot gases and products of combustion. In
general form the burner will usually have a hemispherical or approximately hemi-
spherical form with an inner air chamber enclosed by a chamber in communication
with the gas supply which in turn is surrounded by an outer air chamber. In one
arrangement the three chambers are formed mainly by three concentric castings
approximately hemispherical but with widening or cylindrical bases; each of these
castings is formed with a slot or opening; and at the parts thereof which I have
called the bases they are connected to a perforated plate or back which is suitably
connected (it may be by pipes) with a gas box or gas supply chamber. The inner
air chamber is divided by a partition that projects through the before mentioned slots
or openings and may or may not be formed or provided with an outwardly curved
guide or deflector at each of its respective sides at or near the outer edge of the
partition. The arrangement is such that the gas issues towards each side of the
partition in a stream or sheet having the contour of an arc of a circle or approximately
so (or it may be in a series of jets arranged to produce a like effect) with a stream of
When the
air at each side thereof having a similar direction imparted thereto.
before mentioned partition is formed or provided with outwardly curved guides or
deflectors and the burner is inverted, two flames will be produced each having a
peculiar form, being curved outward and upward and having a curved or arc like
cross section. But if the burner be not inverted and no guides or deflectors be

page_text: provided to the partition the form of the flames will vary accordingly; depending to
some extent upon the arrangement of the lamp and of the exit aperture or apertures
for the hot gases and products of combustion.
Lamps in various forms may be constructed to operate on the principle of my
invention as above set forth.
D
11
101
1
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C..
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Lamps, Applicable also for Heating.
I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of 5 Carlton Road, Hornsey, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention bas reference to lamps, and is applicable also for heating. I provide
a construction or arrangement of burner that will produce a divided or duplex flame,
and can be used either inverted or otherwise, air for supporting combustion having in
some arrangements its temperature raised on its way to the flame by contact with
surfaces deriving heat from escaping hot gases and products of combustion. In
general form the burner will usually have a hemispherical or approximately hemi-
spherical form, with an inner air, chamber enclosed by a chamber in communication
with the gas supply, which in turn is surrounded by an outer air chamber. In one
arrangement the three chambers are formed mainly by three concentric castings or
casings approximately hemispherical, but with widening or cylindrical bases; each of
these castings or casings is formed with a slot or opening, and the parts thereof
which I have called the bases are connected to a perforated plate or back which is
suitably connected (it may be by pipes) with a gas box or gas supply chamber. The
inner air chamber is divided by a partition that projects through the before mentioned
slots or openings, and may or may not be formed or provided with an outwardly
curved guide or deflector at each of its respective sides at or near the outer edge
of the partition. The arrangement is such that the gas issues towards each side of
the partition in a stream or sheet having the contour of an arc of a circle or
approximately so (or it may be in a series of jets arranged to produce a like effect)
with a stream of air at each side thereof having a similar direction imparted thereto.

page_text: When the before mentioned partition is formed or provided with outwardly curved
guides or deflectors and the burner is inverted, two flames will be produced, each
having a peculiar form, being curved outward and upward and having a curved or
arc-like cross section. But if the burner be not inverted and no guides or deflectors
be provided to the partition, the form of the flames will vary accordingly; depending
to some extent upon the arrangement of the lamp and of the exit aperture or
apertures for the hot gases and products of combustion.
Lamps in various forms may be constructed to operate on the principle of my
invention as above set forth.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings-
Figs. 1 and 2 shew in vertical section and in underside view respectively an
inverted gas burner according to this invention suitable for use in the closed
combustion chamber of a regenerative or recuperative lamp.
Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view.
Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a vertical section and plan or top view of the burner
arranged for use with a chimney or globe open at the top.
Fig. 6 is a similar view to Fig. 4 but shewing the burner without an outer air
chamber.
In the arrangement Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 1 is an inner air chamber, 2 a gas chamber,
and 3 an outer air chamber. These chambers are mainly formed by three concentric
castings or metal casings 4, 5 and 6 of approximately hemispherical form as shown,
and secured at their ends or bases to a perforated plate 7. 8 is a gas box with
socket 9 for attachment to a gas supply pipe; it is connected to the plate 7 by
tubes 9 which place the interior of the gas box in communication with the gas
chamber 2 as shown. The inner castings or casings 4 and 5 are each formed with a
slot or opening 10, and the outer one with a slot 11. The spaces between the outer and
intermediate castings or casings 6 and 5 respectively at the two ends of the slots or
openings are closed as shown at 11ª in Fig. 3, in order to prevent air passing between
the two at these parts. 12 is a plate or partition that divides the inner air space and
projects through the slots or openings 10 and 11. In the example shown this plate
or partition 12 is provided at each side with an outwardly curved guide or deflector 13.
These guides or deflectors as also the plate or partition may in some cases be dispensed
with. The curved exit for gas from the gas chamber 2 may be in the form of one or
more slots or of a series of openings arranged at each side of the slot or opening 10.
The arrangement is such that the gas issues from the gas chamber 2 towards each
side of the plate or partition 12 in a stream or sheet having the contour of an arc of
a circle or approximately so.
If the burner shown be secured to the gas and air supply pipes or passages of a
suitable regenerative gas lamp so that air descends through the inner and outer air
chambers 1 and 3 in the direction of the arrows shown in full lines in Fig. 1, and gas
flows down through the gas box and chamber in the direction of the arrows shewn in
dotted lines, two flames of peculiar form will be produced each being curved outward
and upward and having a curved or are like cross section. The form of the flame
will however depend to some extent upon the arrangement of the lamp and of the
exit aperture or apertures for the hot gases and products of combustion as hereinbefore
mentioned.
In Figs. 4 and 5 the plate 7, gas box 8, and plate or partition 12, shown in Figs. 1
and 2, are dispensed with, and the burner is connected by tubes 9 to the socket 9,
which is arranged to be secured to the upper end of a gas supply pipe 9°, so that the
gas issues upwardly from the burner. The casings 4, 5 and 6 are slotted as before,
and the intermediate one 5 is provided with a series of holes 14 for the passage of air
to the outer air chamber 3, and with another series of holes 15 for the passage of air
to the interior of a chimney or globe 16, which is open at the top, and supported on a
flange or gallery 17 at the lower end of the said casing 5.
With this arrangement two approximately flat semi circular topped flames will be
obtained with an air current at the outer side of each and with an air current between
them. A plate or partition similar to 12 (Figs. 1 and 2) with or without guides or

page_text: deflectors may be employed in this construction of burner, the form of the flames
varying accordingly.
In the burner shown in Fig. 6 an outer air chamber is dispensed with. In other
respects its construction and arrangement is similar to that shown in Figs. 4 and 5,
and it is similarly figured.
It is to be understood that lamps or burners according to this invention may be
constructed in various forms. Thus although the slot or opening or series of openings
through which the gas constituting each flame issues, is shewn in the form approxi-
mately of an arc of a circle, it or they may be arranged in a curve that is not an arc
of a circle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A gas burner constructed to produce substantially in the manner described a
divided or duplex flame, whether or not such burner be provided with a partition
such as 12.
2. In a gas burner of the kind referred to in the preceding claim, an inner air
chamber enclosed by the gas chamber 2, and an outer air chamber that encloses the
said gas chamber, the arrangement being substantially such as described.
3. In a gas lamp, the construction and arrangement of parts described with
reference to and illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings annexed.
4. In a gas lamp, the construction and arrangement of parts described with
reference to and illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings annexed.
5. My improved gas burner described with reference to and illustrated in Fig. 6 of
the drawings annexed.
Dated this 18th day of June 1888