Improvements in or relating to Brakes for Railway and like Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 14th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 13th Oct., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Brakes for Railway and like Vehicles.
We, HENRY SKAPSKI, Forest Engineer, and Dr. WILHELM HOCHBERG, Solicitor,
both of Tarnow, Galicia, Austria do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The
The present invention relates to means by which brake power may be applied
very rapidly and easily to the wheels of railway, or like vehicles.
device requires no regulators since it only acts during the time the vehicle is
moving. Any car, thus provided, is automatically stopped by its brake on
becoming detached from the train. Finally, the brake device can be applied
from any part of a train to act on the whole train.
In the brake device hereinafter described by way of example, a casing is
provided with a flexible or movable diaphragm, piston or equivalent, to which
is connected an arm of a brake rod device. In case a flexible diaphragm is
employed strengthening metal plates may be arranged on both of its sides. The
chamber or cylinder formed by the walls of the casing and by the diaphragm
communicates by a passage with the cylinder of a pump of any suitable con-
struction, the passage being closed by a valve, opening towards the inside of said
extensible chamber.
The chamber is also provided with a second valve, also opening inwardly, by
which the chamber can communicate with the air outside. This valve is actuated
by an electro magnet arranged outside. The rod of the pump piston is, con-
nected with an eccentric suitably mounted on a convenient part of the car frame,
the eccentric pin or shaft being actuated by a transmission device such as a chain
and chain wheels, from the axle of one of the car wheels. The rotary movement
of the eccentric causes a reciprocating movement of the pump piston causing
air to be forced into the chamber, thus pressing out the diaphragm or equivalent
and actuating the brake rod, but this movement is intended to take place only
when brake power is to be applied. For this purpose on the car axle is keyed
a disc with slots or recesses concentrically arranged with regard to the axle.
Opposite this disc is loosely arranged on the shaft the chain wheel connected by
means of a chain with a toothed wheel keyed on the shaft of the eccentric. The
first mentioned chain wheel is provided with pins arranged exactly opposite the
slots and pressed towards these slots by springs to effect the coupling of the disc
with the chain wheel. The other ends of the pins are connected with an arma-
ture of an electro magnet. Whenever the electro magnet is energised the pins
are withdrawn, against the spring pressure, from the slots owing to the attraction
of the armature. This electro magnet as well as the electro magnet actuating
the valve a switch' and two contacts are all arranged in the circuit of a suitable
battery.
Such a device is arranged separately for each vehicle or car. In a single car

page_text: or waggon the circuit of the battery is not closed as a rule. The closing of the
circuit is produced by pressing down the contact as well as by connecting the
wagon with the locomotive. The connection of several wagons together is effected
by means of the contacts.
Besides the switch on each car there are also contact keys provided on the loco-
motive; on the guard's van, and wherever else it is deemed to be necessary, by
means of which the current, which is closed when a train is made up, may be
broken when desired.
The operation of the device is as follows:-
If the circuit is broken at any place, as for instance, by a wagon or part of a
train becoming detached, the effect will be that the electro magnet will release
the armature and the disc and the chain wheel will become coupled and the air
pump actuated. Simultaneously the valve which until that moment had been
held open by its electro magnet is closed, so that the diaphragm or equivalent
will be pressed outwards, thereby actuating the brake rod device, in such a
manner that the brake block is pressed against the vehicle wheel. The greater
the speed of the vehicle the more powerfully will the brake device act, until it
finally stops the vehicle. In order to render the shunting of single cars possible,
the switch is so arranged that the circuit of each car becomes closed thereby,
individually, the switch being pressed down by a surface on the wagon during
the whole time the car is intended to move. Ön releasing the switch the car is
rapidly stopped by the brake device.
'
Dated this 20th day of November 1899.
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to Brakes for Railway and like Vehicles.
We, HENRY SKAPSKI, Forest Engineer, and Dr. WILHELM HOCHBERG, Solicitor,
both of Tarnow, Galicia, Austria do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to means by which brake power may be applied
very rapidly and easily to the wheels of railway or like vehicles. The device
requires no regulators since it only acts during the time the vehicle is moving.
Any car, thus provided, is automatically stopped by its brake on becoming
detached from the train. Finally, the brake device can be applied from any part
of a train to act on the whole train.
In the accompanying drawing a construction of the brake device is illustrated
by way of example:
Figure 1 being a side elevation partly in section and
Figure 2, a horizontal view of the driving device 'arranged on one of the wheel
axles.
16
According to the form of construction as represented in the drawing a casing
is provided with a flexible or movable diaphragm piston or equivalent 6 to which
is connected an arm of a brake rod device d. In case a flexible diaphragm is
employed strengthening metal plates c c¹ may be arranged on both of its sides.
The chamber or cylinder o formed by the walls of the casing a and by the
diaphragm b communicates by a passage e with the cylinder of a pump of any
suitable construction, the passage e being closed by a valve g opening towards
the inside of said extensible chamber.
1 I

page_text: The chamber o is also provided with a second valve h, also opening inwardly,
by which the chamber can communicate with the air outside. This valve h is
actuated by an electro magnet i arranged outside. The rod of the pump
piston is connected with an eccentric & suitably mounted on a convenient part
of the car frame, the eccentric pin or shaft being actuated by a transmission
device such as a chain and chain wheels, from the axle m of one of the car
wheels. The rotary movement of the of the eccentric causes a reciprocating
movement of the pump piston f¹ causing air to be forced into the chamber, thus
pressing out the diaphragm or equivalent and actuating the brake rod, but this
movement is intended to take place only when brake power is to be applied. For
this purpose on the car axle m is keyed a disc with slots or recesses n¹ con-
centrically arranged with regard to the axle. Opposite this disc is loosely
arranged on the shaft the chain wheel connected by means of a chain / with
a toothed wheel o, keyed on the shaft of the eccentrick. The first mentioned
chain wheel og is provided with pins p arranged exactly opposite the slots n¹ and
pressed towards these slots by springs g to effect the coupling of the disc n with
the chain wheel 2. The other ends of the pins are connected with an arma-
turer of an electric magnet s. Whenever the electro magnet is energised the
pins pare withdrawn, (against the pressure of the spring g) from the slots n¹
owing to the attraction of the armature r. This electro magnet s as well as the
electro magnet actuating the valve h a switch t and two contacts are all
arranged in the circuit of a suitable battery .
Such a device is arranged separately for each vehicle or car. In a single car
or wagon the circuit of the battery is not closed as a rule. The closing of the
circuit is produced by pressing down the contact t as well as by connecting the
wagon with the locomotive. The connection of several wagons together is
effected by means of the contacts .
Besides the switch on each car there are also contact keys provided on the
locomotive, on the guards van, and wherever else it is deemed to be necessary,
by means of which the circuit, which is closed when a train is made up, may
be broken when desired.
+
The operation of the device is as follows:-
If the circuit is broken at any place, as for instance by a wagon or part of a
train becoming detached, the effect will be that the electro magnets will release
the armature r, and the disc » and the chain wheel, will become coupled and
the air pumpf actuated. Simultaneously the valve h which until that moment
had been held open by its electro magnet i is closed, so that the diaphragm bor
equivalent will be pressed outwards, thereby actuating the brake rod device d,
in such a manner that the brake block dis pressed against the vehicle wheel.
The greater the speed of the vehicle the more powerfully will the brake device act,
until it finally stops the vehicle. In order to render the shunting of single cars
possible the switch is so arranged that the circuit of each car becomes closed
thereby, individually, the switch being pressed down by a surface on the wagon
during the whole time the car is intended to move. On releasing the switch t
the car is rapidly stopped by the brake device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. A brake device for railway and like vehicles comprising a chamber formed
by a casing provided with a diaphragm or equivalent, connected with levers
acting on the brake of the vehicle, said chamber communicating with a pump,
actuated from the axle of the vehicle, for charging the chamber which inflates
the bag with air in order to force out the diaphragm or equivalent to press
the brake against the wheel whenever by breaking an electric circuit, a valve
by which the chamber communicates with the outer air, is closed, and a coupling

page_text: is established which connects the axle of the vehicle wheel with a transmission
device actuating the air pump, substantially as described.
2. The complete brake device for railway and like vehicles substantially as
described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 14th day of August 1900.
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,
Agents for the Applicant.