IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN SPINNING OR TWISTING
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lawson, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Designer, and William Hago, of the same Place, Clock
Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN
SPINNING OR TWISTING."
Sealed the 8th June 1860, and dated the 9th December 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lawson and
William Hago at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 9th December 1859.
We, JOHN LAWSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Designer, and WILLIAM HAGO, of the same Place, Clock Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
TO BE USED IN SPINNING OR TWISTING," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the engaging and disengaging of the driving details
concerned in the spinning or twisting of yarn, thread, twine, cord, rope, or
wire, and has for object simplicity of arrangement and construction, together
with the rendering of a number of spindles independent of each other.
A simple modification of the Invention is applicable in rope-making in the
operation of twisting the strand, for example, and in this case the jack wheel.
is a large spur wheel, and the spindles to which the strands are hooked or
otherwise attached have pinions formed or fixed upon them, which receive

page_text: motion from the jack or spur wheel when in gear therewith. Each spindle
has a spring applied to it which tends to draw it in the direction of its length
so as to take the pinion out of gear, and the pinion is brought into gear by the
forward pull or strain applied to the strand. The radial ends or edges of the
teeth of the pinion and spur wheel (or of one of them) are bevilled or rounded
by which the entrance of the pinion into gear is facilitated, and in practice the
engagement can be effected without reducing the speed of the jack or spur
wheel. The same jack wheel drives a number of spindles, but these are quite
independent of each other, and if any one of the spinners perceives a fault in
his strand, he can, by simply yielding backwards, allow his spindle to be drawn
out of gear by its spring, drawing it into gear again when the fault is rectified.
The engaging and disengaging contrivance, and the details in connection
therewith, are obviously susceptible of a variety of modifications, and applicable
to various kinds of spinning or twisting apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Lawson and William Hago in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 8th June 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wе, JOHN
LAWSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Designer,
and WILLIAM HAGO, of the same Place, Clock Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Iler
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Lawson and William Hago, Her special licence that we, the
said John Lawson and William Hago, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Lawson and William Hago, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN SPIN-
NING OR TWISTING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John
Lawson and William Hago, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,

page_text: and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Lawson and William Hago, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Our said Invention relates to the engaging and disengaging of the driving
details concerned in the spinning or twisting of yarn, thread, twine, cord, rope,
or wire, and has for object simplicity of arrangement and construction, together
with the rendering of a number of spindles independent of each other.
Each spindle
A simple modification of the Invention is applicable in rope making in the
operation of twisting the strand, for example, and in this case the jack wheel
is a large spur wheel, and the spindles to which the strands are hooked or
otherwise attached, have pinions formed or fixed upon them which receive
motion from the jack or spur wheel when in gear therewith.
has a spring applied to it which tends to draw it in the direction of its length,
so as to take the pinion out of gear, and the pinion is brought into gear by the
forward pull or strain applied to the strand. The radial ends or edges of the
teeth of the pinion and spur wheel, (or of one of them,) are bevilled or rounded,
by which the entrance of the pinion into gear is facilitated, and in practice the
engagement can be effected without reducing the speed of the jack or spur
wheel. The same jack wheel drives a number of spindles, but these are quite
independent of each other, and if any one of the spinners perceives a fault in
his strand, he can, by simply yielding backwards, allow his spindle to be drawn
out of gear by its spring, drawing it into gear again when the fault is rectified:
The engaging and disengaging contrivance, and the details in connection
therewith, are obviously susceptible of a variety of modifications, and applicable
to various kinds of spinning or twisting apparatus.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood and carried
into effect, we have delineated upon the accompanying Sheet of explanatory
Drawings, and will particularly describe one example of its practical applica-
tion, premising that the same reference letters mark the same or like parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a headstock with jack wheel
case partly broken away, and details for imparting twist to the strand in rope
making; and Figure 2 is a corresponding sectional side or edge elevation.
Each hook A, for imparting the twist is formed on the end of a spindle B,
which slides in holes in the front and back plates of the jack wheel case C, and

page_text: this spindle has fast on it a pinion D, constructed to gear with the jack or
spur wheel E. To enable the pinion to enter easily into gear with the jack
wheel, the front radial edges of the pinion teeth, and the back radial edges of
the jack wheel teeth, are sharpened, bevilled, or rounded as shown. The
spindle B is connected by a crosshead to a second parallel spindle F, also
working through holes in the front and back plates of the case C, and upon
this second spindle F, there is placed a helical spring which acts between the
front plate of the case C, and a cross pin in the spindle so as, when free, to
act to force the pinion D out of gear. The one jack wheel E drives several
pinions D, with their twisting hooks A, and in Figure 2, one pinion is shown
in gear and one out of gear, a pinching screw G is provided for each pinion to
fix it in or out of gear, if required.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention and the manner in
which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, we have to state that
we do not restrict ourselves to the precise details herein described or delineated,
but that what we claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is, the arranging or constructing of spinning or
twisting apparatus, as far as regards the engaging or disengaging of the
driving and driven parts, substantially as berein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lawson, on behalf of myself and
of the said William Hago, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty.