INCREASING THE ILLU- MINATING POWER OF SUCH COAL GAS AS IS USUALLY PRODUCED IN GASWORKS; ALSO, FOR CONVERTING THE REFUSE PRODUCTS FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF COAL GAS INTO AN ARTICLE OF COMMERCE NOT HERETOFORE PRODUCED THEREFROM; AND ALSO OF A NEW MODE OF CONDUCTING THE PROCESS OF CONDENSATION IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS FOR ILLUMINATION
Year: 1832

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
Lowe, of Brick Lane, Old Street, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Ninth day of June, in the second year of His reign, did
give and grant unto me, the said George Lowe, my exors, adñiors, and
assigns, His especial full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said George Lowe, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, and every of them, by
myself and themselves, or by my or their deputy or deputies, servants or
agents, or such others as I, the said George Lowe, my exors,. adñiors, or.
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention for "INCREASING THE ILLU-
MINATING POWER OF SUCH COAL GAS AS IS USUALLY PRODUCED IN GASWORKS;
ALSO, FOR CONVERTING THE REFUSE PRODUCTS FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF COAL
GAS INTO AN ARTICLE OF COMMERCE NOT HERETOFORE PRODUCED THEREFROM; AND
ALSO OF A NEW MODE OF CONDUCTING THE PROCESS OF CONDENSATION IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF GAS FOR ILLUMINATION;" in which Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso obliging me, the said George Lowe, by an instrument in
writing, under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the

page_text: nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
and to cause the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had)
may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Lowe, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist
As regards the first part of the same, in increasing the illuminating power of
such coal gas as is usually produced in gasworks, by impregnating such gas
with naphtha, commonly called spirit of coal tar, or with any other volatile
hydro-carbonaceous liquid. The method I adopt for so impregnating the
said gas is my merely filling the case of the common gas meters to the usual
height with any of the said liquids instead of water, by which means the said
gas discharged from the meters to the burners is, during the operation of
measuring, sufficiently impregnated with the said liquid in the meter case. It
is important to maintain a proper and uniform supply of such liquid in the
meter case, and this may be effected by means of any self-acting apparatus,
such as the bird fountain..
As regards, the second part of the same, in converting the refuse products
from the manufacture of coal gas into an article of commerce not heretofore
produced therefrom, which article is Prussian blue, either in. its separate or
pure state, or in combination with sulphate of lime.. In the first case, I obtain
it from the ammoniacal liquor.; and, in the second, from the refuse lime liquor
which has, purified the gas. In order to obtain the said Prussian blue from
the ammoniacal liquor, I well mix about an ounce of sulphate of iron or green
vitriol (in. solution with water) with every imperial gallon of.the ammoniacal.
liquor of the specific gravity of. 1,031, and when. so mixed, I super-saturate
the liquor by adding sixteen ounces of sulphuric acid or oil of vitriol of the
specific gravity of 1,850, when there will be found a blue precipitate sub-
siding to the bottom of the super-saturated liquor, which is the Prussian blue,
and, which may be collected by decanting, or filtration, and then washed and
dried in the usual. manner for obtaining Prussian bluc.. If the same process
be applied to the refuse. lime. liquor of gasworks the. quantity of sulphate of
iron should be .one ounce and a half to one imperial gallon of lime liquor of
the specific gravity of 1,043, and the quantity of sulphuric acid to be added
for the purpose of super-saturation should be about fourteen ounces, when a
quantity of sulphate of lime will be deposited. along with the Prussian blue,
which combined substances, after being collected, washed, and dried as usual,
will be found to be a colouring matter highly useful in the arts.
°

page_text: tene degree of tempera
ture; and consequently of a different specific gravity. This object I effect by.
the apparatus shown in the following Drawing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The above Figure represents a condenser. A, B, C, is a long pipe inclining
downwards from the end A. D, E, F, G, H, are five self-acting syphons
from which the coal tar is continually flowing, that portion flowing from D
being of the highest temperature, and therefore of the greatest specific gravity.
J is an induction pipe for introducing steam into the condenser, for the
purpose of retarding the condensation of the more volatile parts of the coal tar.
It is very evident from this Figure that many of the condensers now in use,
especially Perks's Patent Condenser, can be readily altered, so as to effect the.
purposes of this part of my said Invention. Now, whereas with reference to
increasing the illuminating power of such coal gas as is usually produced in
gasworks, it is evident there are many other ways of impregnating it with
naphtha or other volatile hydro-carbonaceous liquids than the one herein-before
described, but I claim generally, as regards this part of my said Invention, the
impregnating such coal gas as is usually produced in gasworks with any of
the liquids aforesaid in any convenient manner.
And, further, as regards that part of my said Invention which relates to
converting the refuse products from the manufacture of coal gas into an article"
of commerce not heretofore produced therefrom, I claim as my Invention
the production of Prussian blue, cither in its separate or pure state, or in
combination with sulphate of lime, from the ammoniacal liquor and refuse lime
water of gasworks.
And, lastly, with reference to my new mode of conducting the process of
condensation in the manufacture of gas for illumination, I am aware that
the same effect which I have herein-before described may be produced by
employing separate condensers working at different degrees of heat; but I
claim, as regards this part of my said Invention, the allowing the coal tar to
pass off at the same time from different parts of the same condenser, or from
a series of several condensers working at different degrees of temperature at
the same time, whereby I am enabled to procure the tar condensed at different
temperatures in separate portions. And such my Invention being, to the best of

page_text: my knowledge and belief, entirely new, and never before used in that part of
His Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England,
His Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby
declare this to be my Specification of my said Invention, and that I do verily
believe this my said Specification doth comply in all respects, fully and without
disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent contained. Wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right
and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighth
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-two.
ANSLEY WINDUS,
Clerks to Messrs. Sweet & Carr, Basinghall St,
London.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1832, the aforesaid George Lowe came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.