IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FACILI TATING THE PAYMENT AND PREVENTING THE FRAUDULENT APPROPRIATION OF THE FARES OF PASSENGERS IN PUBLIC VEHICLES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical
Draughtsman, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FACILI
TATING THE PAYMENT AND PREVENTING THE FRAUDULENT APPROPRIATION OF
THE FARES OF PASSENGERS IN PUBLIC VEHICLES."-A communication
from abroad by John B. Slawson, of the City and State of New
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th May 1871.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
FACILITATING THE PAYMENT AND PREVENTING THE FRAUDULENT APPROPRIATION
OF THE FARES OF PASSENGERS IN PUBLIC VEHICLES," to be as follows:-
-
The Invention relates to a peculiar construction of safety box which is
to be applied to public conveyances for receiving the fares of passengers

page_text: who will be required to pay them into the box without the aid of the
driver or conductor, who are specially prohibited from handling them
on any pretext whatever. It will, however, be the duty of the driver
or conductor to inspect each fare as soon as deposited to see that the
amount is correct, and in good money or genuine tickets, otherwise 5
to call the attention of the passenger to the fact, and require it to be
on any pretext whatever. It will, however, be the duty of the driver
or conductor to inspect each fare as soon as deposited to see that the
amount is correct, and in good money or genuine tickets, otherwise
to call the attention of the passenger to the fact, and require it to be
corrected at once.
This improved box is provided with two glass lights or other trans-
parent media, so arranged that the driver or conductor may see through
one and the passengers through the other to inspect the fare after it
has been deposited in the box, for which purpose the fare is temporarily
arrested upon an apron arranged over the mouth or throat that leads to
the general receiving drawer or till below, access to which is reserved
to the proprietor of the conveyance or his agent. The inside of the box
is fitted immediately under the opening through which the fares are
deposited by the passengers with two or more plates so arranged as to
incline alternately in opposite directions, and the lower edge of the one
overlapping that immediately below it. This arrangement renders it
practically impossible to abstract-the-fare-from-the-apron-or-money-
drawer below through the mouth. Thus constructed the fare on being
passed through the mouth descends upon the first plate and thence
upon the second, whence it is guided down upon the third, and so on
until it finally drops and rests upon the receiving apron below, where
through the glasses before referred to it can be inspected by the driver
and passengers. The driver on being satisfied that it is correct can
deposit it in the drawer below by withdrawing or tilting the apron for
that purpose. The latter is deemed the better mode as it presents more
difficulties to the abstraction of the fare from the drawer than the other.
A lamp is arranged externally of and at the side of the box so as to
illuminate by the aid of a reflector and a glass light the interior, and
enable the fares deposited on the apron to be inspected at night. The
lamp case is also provided with another reflector and glass light to
enable the driver to make change correctly. The box contains a bell
which the driver sounds to call the attention of the passengers to the
payment of their fare. Instead of using a stationary mouth through
which the passengers may deposit their fare, a tilting mouth or hopper
may be used, the lower end of which is prolonged so as to extend across
and meet the rear side of the box, which for this purpose is also inclined

page_text: towards the slide or prolonged end of the hopper. When the mouth.
is open for the reception of the fare the tilting apron will by the act of
opening the mouth be depressed, and will be thereby caused to deposit
the last-inspected fare into the box. So also when the mouth is
closed the act of closing it will raise the tilting apron to receive for
inspection the fare last deposited, the closing of the mouth having
allowed it to drop by withdrawing its prolonged end from the inclined
side of the box. The mouth is opened by a lever connected with the
hopper, and operated by a push pin, while to close it the mouth is
simply pushed in, which act pushes the pin outwards, ready again to
open the mouth for a new fare. Or the fare may slide down inclined
glass guide plates and fall on to a receiving wheel or apron for inspection
by the aid of mirrors. The fare on being inspected is deposited in the
drawer below by causing the wheel, through a ratchet lever or other
suitable device, to perform one quarter of a revolution. An opening in
the top may be arranged in the box through which outside passengers
may deposit their fare.
In paying the fare the exact amount alone
must be deposited, of which the passengers are notified by placards
conspicuously posted on the vehicle for that purpose. To facilitate this
the driver or conductor is provided with a change box containing a
specified amount of change done up in packages of different amounts
according to the coins which may be presented for change; the box
for this purpose being divided into compartments into each of which
packages containing the same amount only are placed, while one is used
as a till for holding the coin received to be changed. The driver has to
account for all the change received on starting on his route.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th November 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-fourth

page_text: year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence
that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE PAYMENT AND PREVENTING THE FRAUDULENT
APPROPRIATION OF THE FARES OF PASSENGERS IN PUBLIC VEHICLES," being a
communication to me from abroad by John B. Slawson, of the City and
State of New York, United States of America, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my exccutors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after-the-date
-of the-said-Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings.here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say) :-
This Invention relates to improvements on the Patent granted to
my correspondent John B. Slawson, and dated Twenty-first October One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, for safety boxes for the reception
of the fares of passengers in public conveyances, the object being to
increase the efficiency of the apparatus, and to provide an effectual
safeguard against the felonious abstraction of the fare from the box
through its mouth when once deposited by the passenger or passengers.
The improved box, like those previously patented by John B. Slawson,
is provided with an opening or openings covered or protected by glass
or other transparent medium, such as wire netting, through which to
allow the driver or conductor and passengers to see and examine the fare
when first deposited, for which purpose the fare is temporarily arrested

page_text: before being passed into the general receiving chamber or
all the fares are accumulated.
In the accompanying Drawings the frame of the box is represented
as being made of wood, although it may be made of metal, such as iron,.
copper, or brass.
In Fig. 1, Sheet I., the box is represented in section taken vertically
and centrally from front to rear; while Fig. 2 represents a front elevation,.
or that side next to the passengers when applied to a street carriage. The
box is to be secured on the inside to the front end of the carriage within
convenient reach of the driver when no conductor is employed to attend
to the collection of the fare. But when a conductor is employed for
that purpose then it may be attached to thic rear end of the carriage.
In either case an opening must be made in the end of the carriage
so that the driver or conductor may look through the glass covered
opening B in the rear of the box for the purpose of examining the fare
to see whether it is correct in amount and in good money or tickets.
On the inside of the box immediately under the opening through
which the fares are deposited by the passengers are arranged two or
more guide plates C, C¹, C", so arranged as to incline alternately in
opposite directions, that is to say, if the upper guide plate C is arranged
to incline downwardly towards the passengers' side of the box then the
next one C¹ below it will incline towards the driver or conductor's side,,
and the next towards the passengers again, then the next, if four are used,
towards the driver, and so on, according to the number used, the lower
edge of each being so arranged as to overlap the corresponding edge-
of the next plate, cither above or below. These guide plates arc firmly
secured to the walls or sides of the box by having their ends let into
the sides of the box. The lower edges of these guide plates project
into the inspecting chamber so as to leave an open space beneath them,
substantially as shown in Fig. 1, and are arranged at suitable distances.
apart, so that the fare on being passed into the box by the passengers.
through the mouth 6 may drop upon and slide down the first plate C,,
and by it be precipitated upon the second C', and if more are used by the
latter upon the third C", and so on according to the number used, until
the last (and which in Fig. 1 would be C") precipitates it upon an arrest
apron or trap door D; there it remains until the driver or conductor
through the glass covered opening B examines it to see that it is correct
in amount and in genuine money or tickets; when being satisfied (and

page_text: the passengers depositing the fare being also satisfied, a glass covered
opening A being arranged for them to look through and examine the
fare also), the driver or conductor then deposits it in the general receiving
drawer E below by tilting the apron D by means of a strap rod or
pull o, which for this purpose is made to project through the rear side
of the box and end of the carriage within convenient reach of the
driver or conductor. The apron D is pivotted to the sides of the box,
and is so weighted that when the driver lots go the pull or rod o its
weight will cause the apron to rise until it is arrested by a lip a coming
against the lower edge of the upper side of the chamber E.
The pull
or rodo is loosely connected to an cyc bolt secured to the under side of
the apron D. Instead of a tilting apron D such as shown in Fig. 1 a
slide apron may be employed with a spring arranged to close it when
the driver has released the strap or pull rod.
From what has been said it will be seen by reference to the Drawing
Fig. 1 that the box is .composed of two compartments proper into
which the money is received. The first or upper one Q constituting the
inspecting chamber into which the money is first received and temporarily
arrested for inspection through the windows A and B by the-passengers
and driver or conductor, and the second or lower chamber E constituting
the general receiving chamber of all the fares after inspection. This
latter chamber is fitted with a drawer E which is provided with a lock
whereby to secure it to the box, the key of which is kept by the pro-
prietor, or the officer authorized to remove the fare from the box.
G represents a chamber arranged at the side of the box in which is
placed a lamp and reflector e so as to throw the light upon the apron D,
that the fare may be inspected after dark; an opening H is made for
this purpose in the side of the box and covered with a small pane of
glass to keep out the smoke and vapors of the lamp from the interior of
the fare box. The chamber G is provided with a chimney to carry
off the smoke and vapors, while small openings are made in the lower
part of the chamber for the admission of air to the lamp. In this
lamp chamber another reflector and glass light in the rear may be
arranged to throw light forward to the driver or conductor, that he may
see to make change correctly. A small door is also made in the
chamber to give access thereto.
A bell I is also arranged in the box as in the former Patent, by
sounding which the driver may call the attention of the passengers to

page_text: the payment of their fare. A modification of this box is shown in Fig..3,
which represents the same in vertical section. In this box, instead of
using a stationary mouth piece through which the passengers may
deposit their fare, a tilting mouth piece or hopper bis used; the lower
end of which is prolonged so as to extend across and meet the rear side
of the box, which for this purpose is also inclined towards the slide or
prolonged end of the hopper. The lower end of this hopper is attached
by means of a connecting rod to the tilting apron D. in such manner that
when the mouth is opened for the reception of a fare the tilting apron
will by the act of opening the mouth be depressed and thereby caused to
deposit the last inspected fare in the box E, and vice versa, that is to say,
when the mouth is closed the act of closing, it will raise the tilting apron
to receive for inspection the fare last deposited, the closing of the mouth
allowing it to drop on to the apron D by the withdrawal of the pro-
longed end from the inclined side of the box. To open the mouth a
crank lever I connected with the hopper is operated upon by a push
pin J which causes it to turn upon its bearings or pivotal points, while to.
close the mouth the mouth piece is simply pushed inwards, which act.
through the lever I pushes the pin J outwards ready again to open the
mouth for a new farc. The fare is inspected in this case through glass.
lights or other transparent media as before.
Instead of these devices for the inspection and prevention of the
abstraction of the fare the box may be constructed as in Figures 4 and 5,
which represent in vertical cross section and side view a modified form
of box. In this box I represents the mouth through which the fare is
deposited in the box, and 2, 2, inclined glass guide plates; 3 is a
receiving wheel or apron into which the money drops for inspection;.
4 is a mirror in which the passengers may inspect their fare by the
reflection of the same; and 5 is a corresponding mirror arranged for the
use of the driver. The farc on being inspected is deposited in the
drawer 7 below by causing the wheel through a ratchet lever 6 to perform
one quarter of a revolution. On the axle of the receiving wheel 3 is a
ratchet wheel 8 (see Fig. 5), having four teeth (corresponding in number
to the leaves of the wheel). The ratchet tooth of the lever 6 is held in
contact with the ratchet wheel 8 by means of a coiled spring fitted into
the hollow lever, and to prevent the back movement of the wheel 3 a
locking spring ratchet 9 is provided which yields to the pressure of the
inclined portion of the ratchet teeth and offers a barrier to the movement

page_text: of the teeth in the opposite direction.
Glass slides 10 and 11 are
arranged in the front and rear of the box for the admission of light into
its interior, that a defined image may be formed in the mirrors arranged
above; an opening in the top may be arranged in the box through which
outside passengers may deposit their farc.
In paying the fare the exact amount alone must be deposited, of which
the passengers are notified by placards conspicuously posted in the
vehicle for that purpose. To facilitate this the driver or conductor
may be provided with a change box, containing a specified amount of
change done up in packages of different amounts to suit the coins
presented for change; the box for this purpose being divided into
compartments, into each of which packages containing the same amount
only are placed, while one is used as a till for holding the coin received
to be changed. The driver or conductor would have to account for all
the change received on his route.
Another modification is represented in Figures 6 and 7, Sheet II. in
which Figure 6 is a vertical section taken through the line x, r, of
Fig. 7, with a part of the inside casing broken off to show the arrange-
ment of the operating mechanism, the arrest wheel being shown in
elevation instead of in section; while Fig. 7 represents a front elevation
of the box, a part of the front of the box being broken off to show the
operating mechanism, another part of the front side but lower down
being also broken off to show the arrangement of the lamp and
reflector used to light up the arrest apron on which the fare is examined
by the driver and passengers before being passed into the general
receiving chamber below. This box like the others is provided with
two openings A and B through which the passengers and driver or
conductor examine the fare when dropped upon the apron D. The
latter being operated and constructed in the same manner as that
shewn in Fig. 1, in addition to the glass covered opening B through
which the driver looks to examine the fare there is interposed another
glass plate or slide P, which guides the fare down upon the apron D.
This slide being glass will not interfere with the view of the fare by
the driver, but should it do so it need not be extended downwards more
than a third of the way, in which case its downward inclination may
be made less steep than is represented in the Drawing, so as to cause
it to precipitate the fare upon the apron D near to the glass A. In
the inspecting chamber Q is arranged a wheel K immediately below

page_text: the mouth 6 of the box, through which the passengers deposit their
fare. The wheel K consists of a horizontal shaft c mounted in bearings
in the sides of the box, and provided with a series of radial fan blades
or aprons d in such manner as to extend from side to side of the
inspecting chamber, and so that each blade when in a horizontal planc
shall extend to without impinging upon the front or rear side of the
box, as the case may be, and thereby cover entirely the passage to the
lower part of the box, or to the apron D which covers the throat
that leads to the general receiving chamber or drawer B below. Three
or four blades may be used. In the Drawing four are represented, as
that is deemed preferable to three, five, or more, as when the rear blade
which is intended to arrest the fare when first deposited is in proper
position, that is to say, in a horizontal planc, then the opposite blade
will be in the same plane, and thus the two will cover the entire passage
to the apron D. Immediately above the rear blade may be arranged
another glass covered opening S, so that the driver may look upon
the blade to see if a fare has been deposited by the passenger, when if
there are no more passengers in the car, and he at the end of the route,
he may operate the wheel K by pulling the rod z, and thus precipitate
the fare down upon the inclined guide P and thence down on the
inspecting apron D. By having but three or four blades, and imparting
to the wheel a partial revolution in extent equal to one-third part of
a revolution for three blades, and one-fourth part of a revolution for
four blades, then the blades may be made of wood, iron, or other suitable
opaque material, and the fare may be deposited below by a single
movement of the pull rod; but if made with five or more blades,
then the blades must be made of glass if it is intended that the driver
should be able to sec if a fare remains in the wheel undeposited upon
the inspecting apron D below. Three or four blades are therefore
deemed better than five or more, or even of two, having a motion
imparted to them equal to one half of a revolution.
The wheel is operated in the following manner :-Upon one or cach
end of the shaft c, between the outer q and inner casing 8, of the box
is mounted a pinion e which meshes with a gear wheel g, having twice
the number of teeth or cogs, whose shaft 7 has its bearings in the inner
and outer casings, as shewn in Fig. 6. Upon the shaft of the wheels
next the inner casing s is mounted a ratchet wheel into the teeth
of which a pawl t works, for which purpose it is pivotted to the lower

page_text: end of a lever u. The lever u is pivotted on a shaft 10 secured or mounted
in the sides of the inner and outer casings 8, q. The upper end of
the lever is inserted in an opening made on the lower side of the
slide M, and also marked " push" on Fig. 6. This slide is of a width
sufficient to extend over and cover the top y of the inner casings &
which form the sides of the upper part of the inspecting chamber Q.
A slot is cut in the upper part or covering y of the casings of a length
sufficient to permit the lever u to be operated. To the under side of
the slide M is secured the hooked end of a pull, the other end of
which projects through the rear side of the box within convenient
distance of the driver. In the rear of the slide M is arranged a spring v
in such manner that when the slide M is pushed back by the passenger
so as to uncover the mouth and deposit his fare the spring is
compressed, so that on removing the hand from the slide the latter
will by the recoil of the spring be forced outwards again and cover
the mouth b. On the shaft 7 between the pinion and the outer
casing is mounted another ratchet wheel 8. Into the teeth of this
ratchet wheel a pawl or spring detent 9 is arranged to work. The
intention of this ratchet wheel and pawl is to prevent the wheel from
being turned backwards, so that it must always revolve in the direction-
of the_urrow, that-the-driver may always be able to see that no fare
is left undeposited on the arrest apron below. The pawl or detent 9
is attached to the inside of the outer casing 9. Immediately above the
slide is arranged a small bell I, having a strap or rod 5 attached to a
spring hammer, by means of which the driver calls the attention of the
passengers to the payment of the ſare.
The operation is as follows:-The passenger advances to the box
with the exact fare, otherwise he procures change for the purpose from
the driver or conductor, he then pushes back the slide M, uncovering
the mouth 6, and passes the fare through it into the box. The fare drops;
down upon a blade d, where it remains until the next passenger deposits
his by proceeding in the same way; the last passenger in depositing his
by that act discharges the fare of the last preceding passenger upon
the tilting apron
D below, where it is inspected by the driver and by the
passenger, should he so desire, through their respective openings A and B.;
This is effected by means of the slide M, which on being pushed back to
uncover the mouth 6 has carried with it the upper end of the lever or
levers, thereby causing it or them to turn on its or their pivot w, and

page_text: project forward its or their lower ends, and with it or them the pawl t,
which being in contact with one of the teeth of the ratchet wheel
causes it to revolve the one-eighth part of a revolution (when there are
four blades to the wheel) and one-sixth part of a revolution where there
are three, the ratchet wheel for this purpose being provided with eight or
six teeth (according as there are four or three blades to the wheel),
carrying with it the gear wheel g, and which being twice the diameter
of the pinion which meshes with it causes the latter to perform one-
fourth part of a revolution every time the slide M is pushed back.
Hence as the wheel K is secured on the same shaft c as the pinion h,
the wheel K will turn with it one-fourth part of a revolution. So that
any fare previously deposited in the box and resting upon the horizontal
blade d will be deposited or dropped down upon the apron D each time
the slide M is drawn back by the driver through the rod z, or pushed
back by a passenger. The slide on being released from the hand is
forced back over the mouth by the recoil of the spring v. The fare
once on the apron D is then examined by the driver through the
glasses B and P, and if correct is then discharged into the drawer E
below by the driver, who for this purpose tilts the apron D by pulling
the rod T. At the side of this box, as in that represented in Figures 1
and 2, is arranged a lamp chamber G in which are placed a lamp, and
reflector e, so as to throw light at night upon the tilting apron D for
the proper inspection of the fare. This chamber as in the other is
provided with a chimney to carry off the smoke and gases generated in
burning, while the opening H through which the light passes to the
apron D is covered with glass. Openings are also made into the
chamber G to furnish the lamp with fresh air for combustion.
Fig. 8, Sheet III., represents in vertical transverse section another
modification of the improved box taken from side to side, and Fig. 9 is
a section taken in the line x, x, of Fig. 8. This box is provided with an
inspecting chamber Q and general receiving chamber E, separated by a
tilting apron D, like Figures 1 and 6, but it differs from these in having
but one opening B covered with glass for the driver and passengers to
look through to examine the fare. This glass covered opening B
extends from front to rear of the box, and into the sides of which it is
suitably framed in any well-known manner, and covers the top of the
inspecting chamber, as shown best at Fig. 9. Immediately over this
glass plate B the box is constructed with an open space F, which runs
through the box from front to rear and through the end of the car,

page_text: thereby enabling the driver and passengers to look down through the
glass B into the inspecting chamber Q, and examine the fare upon the
tilting apron D. The space or opening F is further intended to serve as
a change gate, through which the passengers may receive change from
the driver in order to deposit their exact fare. In summer this space
if desired may be left entirely open, but in winter it may be provided on
the outside with a glass door u, either hinged or made to slide, and if
advisable made self closing, so that change may be readily made through
it. Or instead of opening the whole of the glass door a portion 6 only
of it may be so constructed as to adapt it for that purpose. Above the
space in the upper part of the box a bell I may be arranged as in
Figures 1 and 6, and made to operate by the driver, for the purpose of
calling the attention of the passengers to the payment of their fare.
A rod or lever may also be attached to the spring hammer and projected
through the front of the box within reach of the passengers, by which
they may call the attention of the driver to make change for them. In
the side of the box within the opening F is arranged a mouth 1 through
which the passengers deposit their fare. The latter in its descent to
the tilting apron D passes over a series of inclined planes C-arranged in
the-side-channel, similar to those in Fig. 1, and for the same purpose.
The mouth 1 instead of being arranged at the side in the space F may
be arranged in the front of that part, the slides being correspondingly.
arranged to suit the change. At the side of the inspecting chamber Q
is arranged a lamp chamber G containing lamp and reflector, as in
Figures 2 and 6, to throw light upon the apron D through the glass H,
and also to light up the space F and mouth 1. The tilting apron D is
operated in the same manner as in the boxes represented in Figures 1
and 2 and 6 and 7. This box like those just referred to is provided with
a locked drawer E.
A modification of box, Figures 8 and 9, is shewn in Fig. 10. This box
differs only from the former in substituting for the slides C a wheel K
provided with blades, as in Figures 6 and 7, the wheel being operated by
a slide M in the same manner as the slide M in Fig. 6 operates the
wheel K, or by means of a ratchet wheel and lever mounted on the end
of its shaft the lever carrying a pawl, as in Fig. 5.
Fig. 10 shows another modification of box, Figure 8 differing from
the latter only in substituting for the slides C the tilting mouth and
operating mechanism of the box represented in Fig. 3, but without

page_text: having the apron D attached to the lower end of the tilting mouth b,
the tilting apron D being operated as in Figures 1 and 6.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improved
Apparatus for Facilitating the Payment and Preventing the Fraudulent
Appropriation of the Fares of Passengers in Public Vehicles," as com-
municated to me by my foreign correspondent, and explained the manner
of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do
not claim tlie means shewn for arresting the downward progress of the
fare and retaining it within view of the driver or conductor and pas-
senger (whether by day or at night), and afterwards discharging it into
the locked receptacle; but what I claim under the above in part recited
Letters Patent is, the adaptation to the Slawson fare box of the con-
trivances above described with reference to the Drawings, whereby the
payment of the fares of passengers in public vehicles will be facilitated,
and the fraudulent appropriation of the deposited fares will be more
effectually guarded against than heretofore.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have.
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Tenth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
onc.