A MACHINE UPON ENTIRE NEW PRINCIPLES FOR COMBING WOOL, AND HECKLING FLAX AND HEMP, AND WHICH MACHINE MAY BE WORKED OR USED BY WATER, STEAM, OR HORSE MILLS, OR BY ANY OTHER MOVING POWER, AND WILL, AS I, THE SAID ANTHONY AMATT, CONCEIVE, BE OF GREAT PUBLIC UTILITY IN MANUFACTURING WOOLLEN AND LINEN
Year: 1795

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANTHONY
AMATT, of Tiverton, in the County of Somerset, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Third day of August, in the thirty-fifth year of His reign, did
give and grant unto me, the said Anthony Amatt, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, His special licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Anthony Amatt, my executors, administrators, and assigns, during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend within that part of Great Britain called England, the
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"A MACHINE UPON ENTIRE NEW PRINCIPLES FOR COMBING WOOL, AND HECKLING
FLAX AND HEMP, AND WHICH MACHINE MAY BE WORKED OR USED BY WATER, STEAM,
OR HORSE MILLS, OR BY ANY OTHER MOVING POWER, AND WILL, AS I, THE SAID
ANTHONY AMATT, CONCEIVE, BE OF GREAT PUBLIC UTILITY IN MANUFACTURING
WOOLLEN AND LINEN;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Anthony Amatt, particularly to describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and to cause
the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
one calendar month, next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, as by the said Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had; may
more fully appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Anthony Amatt, do licreby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, is particularly described and
ascertained in the several Plans or Drawings herein-after mentioned and
referring thereto (that is to say) :-
Figure 1 is a machine for filling the combs, and consists of the following
particulars-A, the first motion or pulley; B, a fan with two wings on
which the combs are fastened by spring catches; C, a screw on the fan axis,
giving motion to a spur wheel D, at the other end of whoso axis is a screw
or wheel working into E on the axis of the feeding rollers F, F, which rollers
are pressed together by two springs H, H; G, the material spread on an
endless cloth. Note.-If necessary, the material may first be made into a sheet
or bat by going through a pair of rollers and wrapping it on a cylinder full of
spikes or teeth to keep it connected together till there is a sufficient quantity for
that purpose; after which, take the sheet or bat off, and spread it on the endless
cloth. It then passes through the feeding rollers, where the combs receive it
as they revolve. When they have taken on a sufficient quantity the machino
stops on the same principle as the machine Figure 2. The combs are then
taken to the machino Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a combing machine, and consists of the following particulars :-
A, the first motion, a pulley; B, a pinion (on the same axis as A) giving
motion to a spur wheel C, at each end of whose axis is fixed a crank D, D.
To each of these cranks is hung a long lever E, E, at the top of which are
flanged rollers or pulleys F, F, turning round on stud-pins as they slido up
and down the groves G, G. The lower part of these groves forms a circlo of
fifty-seven degrees, from thence they continue streight to the top. If neces-
sary to alter the stroke of the top comb, it may be done by varying tho form
of the groves, as in Figures 4 and 5. His the top comb bed, working on
swivel pins in the levers E, E. To this bed is fixed six pad pins, two of
which go through the same bed to draw the combs tight by means of screw
nutts. I, I, are two small cranks fixed at the ends of the cranks D, D, and
connected with the top comb bed H at J, J, by means of the rods K, K, to
regulate the points of the top combs. L is a weight to counterballance tho
top comb bed ; M, M, are weights to keep the trucks tight to the snail
wheels; N is the bottom comb bel, framed into two long slides O, O, each of
which hath a truck at the top, made to rise and fall by a screw for the purpose
of setting the combs nearer or further apart. P is a screw on the same axis
as the spur wheel C, working into a wheel Q, at the top of whose axis is a
pinion giving motion to a face wheel R fixed on the end of the horizontal

page_text: shaft S. T, T, are two snail wheels on the same shaft S, pressing, as they
move slowly round, against the trucks, and causing the bottom comb to rise
and fall any distance required, beginning at the ends of the material, and
working deeper every stroke, till the trucks are got into the pits or hollow
parts of the snail wheels, at which time the combs work almost close together;
they then separate gradually till the points of the snail wheels get upon the
trucks, at which time a finger V lifts up a catch, and a lever W draws back a
bayonet by means of the spring X, and stops the machine (note-two of the
above-mentioned frames, being placed together, may strike alternately by the
spur wheel C working in each other), after which the combs are removed
to Figure 3, a drawing machine, where the slivers are drawn off by a long
pinion wheel A in Figure 2, on which lye two shorter ones toothing to the
bottom as they revolve. B, B, two conducting rollers; C, a pinion giving
motion to the long pinion wheel A. by a strap from the pulley A in Figure 2.
On the lower edge of the comb stocks, in Figure 6, are two nibbs to drop into
the links of the endless chain E, in Figure 3, by which means the combs are
drawn forward. Figure 7 is a long screw which may be used for the same
purpose as the endless chain in Figure 3. Figure 8 is the end of a comb.
Figure 9 is another combing machine, and consists of the following par-
ticulars-A, the first motion, a pulley; B, an horizontal shaft; C, a screw
fast on the axis of the horizontal shaft B; D, a spur wheel working into the
screw C; E, a screw on the same axis as the spur wheel D, giving motion
to the feeding rollers F, F, by means of the socket wheel G; II, the material
spread on an endless cloth passing between the rollers F, F; I, a fan, with
one wing turning round vertically, with two more combs upon it; J, J, tho
bottom combs; K, K; the bottom comb levers; L, 1, a crank at each end of
the axis of the horizontal shaft B, which raises the bottom combs by means of
the levers up to M, where the top ones (as they revolve) meet them, striking
through the material on each other, and gradually seperating as they fall down
in the direction N, N, as low as O, from whence they return to M, as before,
and continue working alternately in that manner. P, a wheel fast on the same
socket as the sacket wheel G, and working into a moveable stud wheel Q;
R, an horizontal shaft on which the levers L, L, are hung; S, S, a wheel
fixed at each end of the axis R, giving a slow motion to two snail wheels T, T,
by means of the wheels V, V; W, the bottom comb frame, hung on swivel
pins in the bottom comb levers; X, X, two rods with each a truck at the end
working against the snail wheels T, T. At the other end of the rods X, X,
is a regulating screw to set the points of the combs at any distance required.
On cach side of the same rods is two trucks to keep them steady as they slide

page_text: backwards and forwards. Y, Y, springs to keep the trucks at the ends of the
rols X, X, close to the snail wheels T, T; Z, a weight to counterballance the
fan 1 and the bottom comb lovers K, K. When the rollers F, F, have been half
round, the plain wheel marked (a) presses against one end of a catch and lifts
the other end out of the ratchet marked (6) and stops the rollers F, F, the
combs then having taken on a suflicient quantity of materials. As the top
combs revolve, the snail wheels T, T, draw in the points of the bottom combs
nearer to the top ones every stroke they make till the trucks get into the pit
or hollow of the snail wheels, at. which time the combs work very near cach
other. When the full part of the snail wheels comes to the trucks, the
bottoni combs are at a proper distance to receive the raw material, and the
machine stops on the same principle as the machine Figure 2. The coinbs
are then taken away to a drawing frame, where the sliver is drawn off on the
same principle as the machine Figure 3.
In witness whereof, I, the said Anthony Amatt, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand seven hundred and ninety-five.
Sealed and sealed in the presence of
JA DANCER.
THO TURNER.
Examiners' Office, Chancery Lane.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Eighteenth day of August,
in the year above written, the aforesaid Anthony Amatt came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same, Eighteenth day of August, in the year above written.