Im- PROVEMENTS IN ROTATING SHAFTS AND AXLES AND THEIR BEARINGS, AND IN THE MEANS OF LUBRICATING THE SAME
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Frederick Lyndon, of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN ROTATING SHAFTS AND AXLES AND THEIR BEARINGS, AND IN
THE MEANS OF LUBRICATING THE SAME."
Sealed the 14th August 1868, and dated the 13th March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Frederick
Lyndon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 13th March 1868.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK LYNDON, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTATING SHAFTS AND AXLES AND THEIR
BEARINGS, AND IN THE MEANS OF LUBRICATING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My improvements in rotating shafts and axles consist in dispensing
with the ordinary gudgeon or journal and fixing on that part of the
shaft or axle which works in the bearings or brasses a metal collar or
short hollow cylinder; the said collar is fixed to the shaft by means
of a key, or by screws, or in any other convenient manner, and when
worn can be removed and replaced by another; the said collar works

page_text: in the bearings or brasses, and the whole of the friction and wear takes
place between the said collar and the said bearings or brasses. When
by use the said collar is so far worn as to interfere with the proper
working of the shaft or axle it can be removed and replaced by a
new one.
My improvement in the bearings or brasses of rotating shafts and
axles consist in making in the said bearings recesses of a suitable
form and size to receive the collar on the shaft or axle herein-before
described.
My improvements in the means of lubricating rotating shafts and
axles and their bearings or brasses consist in making a ring or flange
on the before-mentioned collar fixed to the shaft or axle, and in making
suitable. depressions in the bearings or brasses to permit the said flange
to work in. Oil being supplied in the usual manner through the upper
brass or bearing collects in the depression in the lower brass or bearing,
and in the hollow carriage or plummer block, and is by the rotation of
the said flange again carried to the upper bearing or brass and distributed
over the whole of the working surfaces of the shaft or axle and bearings
or brasses.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Frederick Lyndon in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th August 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
FREDERICK LYNDON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of
our Lord. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and. successors,, give
and grant unto me, the said George Frederick Lyndon, Her special
licence that I, the said George Frederick Lyndon, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Frederick
Lyndon, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-

page_text: after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might.
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTATING SHAFTS AND AXLES AND THEIR BEARINGS,
AND IN THE MEANS OF LUBRICATING THE SAME," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said George Frederick Lyndon, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately.
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Frederick Lyndon, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
My improvements in rotating shafts and axles consist in dispensing.
with the ordinary. gudgeon or journal and fixing on that part of the
shaft or axle which works in the bearings or brasses a metal collar.
or short hollow cylinder. The said collar is fixed to the shaft by means
of a key or by set screws or in any other convenient manner, and
when worn can be removed and replaced by another. The said collar.
works in the bearings or brasses, and the whole of the friction and
wear takes place between the said collar and the said bearings or brasses..
When by use the said collar is so far worn as to interfere with the
proper working of the shaft or, axle it can be removed and replaced by
a new one.
My improvements in the bearings or brasses of rotating shafts and
axles consist in making in the said bearings recesses of a suitable form
and size to receive the collar on the shaft or axle herein-before described.
My improvements in the means of lubricating rotating shafts and
axles and their bearings or brasses consist in making a ring or flange
on the before-mentioned collar, and making suitable depressions in the
bearings or brasses to permit the said flange to work in. Oil after
5 being supplied to the hollow carriage or plummer block is by the
rotation of the said flange carried to the upper bearing or brass and
distributed over the whole of the working surfaces of the collar and

page_text: bearings or brasses. Two or more flanges may be used on the collar
or short hollow cylinder.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation, and Figure 2 in vertical section,
a rotating shaft with its bearings or brasses and chair or carriage
constructed according to my Invention; Figure 3 is a plan of the same
the gland or covering and the upper brass being removed; Figures 4,
5, 6, and 7 represent parts of the same as herein-after explained. The
same letters of reference are employed to indicate the same parts in
each Figure of the Drawing.
a is the hollow chair or carriage of the bearing, and 6 is the gland or
covering of the same; c, d, are the brasses or steps, and e is the rotating
shaft. On the rotating shaft e I fix a metal collar or short hollow
cylinder marked f. This collar or short hollow cylinder is represented
in connection with the shaft e in side elevation in Figure 4 and
separately in end elevation in Figure 5. I fasten the said collar or
cylinder on the shaft e by means of keys at e² or set screws. The
said collar or cylinder may be made in one piece or in two or more
pieces as may be required. When worn the said collar or cylinder f
may be removed from the shaft e and replaced by a new one. In
the bearings or brasses c, d, (shewn separately in Figures 6 and 7)
recesses at h are made of a suitable form and size to receive the
collar f. The manner in which the collar f on the shaft e works in
the recesses at h, in the brasses c, d, will be readily seen by an
examination of the plan Figure 3. When the shaft e is at work the
whole of the friction and wear takes place between the collar
the bearings or brasses c, d, and by removing the collar f. when worn
and fixing a fresh one in its place, the shaft e is preserved of its normal
shape for any length of time. On the collar f I make a projecting
ring or flange i which ring or flange works in slots or depressions k
in the upper and lower brasses c, d, (see Figures 2 and 3), I do not
limit myself to the use of one projecting ring or flange on the collar as
two or more may be used according to the size of the bearing employed.
Oil is supplied to the chamber of the hollow carriage a as seen in
Figures 2 and 3. As the shaft e and collar frotate, the projecting ring
or flange takes up the oil in the carriage a, and conveys it to the
and

page_text: upper bearing or brass c, and thereby distributes it over the whole.
working surface of the collar f on the shaft e and brasses c, d.
In order to facilitate the raising of the oil by the projecting ring
or flange i, and its proper distribution over the rubbing surfaces, I
make the groove or recess k in the upper brass (in which the ring
or. flange i works) deeper on the side marked 2 than on the other side,
so that the ring or flange i is at some distance from the said part k².
The said deeper part permits the oil to be lifted by the ring; when
that part of the ring carrying the oil arrives at the set-off ³, the said
ring is in contact or nearly in contact with the brass, and the oil is in
part removed therefrom and distributed over the collar and brasses.
In addition to the projecting ring or flange i serving to lubricate the
collar and bearings, it also keeps the shaft in its proper place in the
bearings and acts in the same manner as the sides of a journal in
ordinary shafting. In shafts and bearings lubricated according to my
Invention fresh oil is only required to be supplied at long intervals,
say, from two to three months, but when the shaft and bearings are
used where dust, solid matter, or polishing powder is likely to gain
access to the bearing, then the hollow carriage a should be emptied
about once a month by removing the plug at the bottom of the said
carriage. I prefer to make the collar f, projecting ring or flange i, and
bearings c, d, of cast iron, but I do not limit myself to the use of
any particular metal or alloy. My improvements may be applied to
shafts and axles generally.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood
that I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of my Invention, but I claim as my Invention,-
Firstly. The improvements in rotating shafts and axles and their
bearings herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing, that is to say, fixing on the shaft or axle a metal collar
or short hollow cylinder which is capable of being replaced when worn,
and making in the brasses or bearings recesses of a suitable form and
size to receive the said collar or short hollow cylinder, substantially
as described and illustrated.
Secondly. The improvements in lubricating rotating shafts and axles
and their bearings herein-before described and illustrated in the

page_text: accompanying Drawing, that is to say, making on the metal collar or
short hollow cylinder herein-before described, a projecting ring or flange
or projecting rings or flanges, which on the rotation of the shaft or
axle carry a portion of the oil contained in the hollow. carriage to
the upper brass or bearing, and thereby distributes it over the whole
of the working surfaces of the shaft or axle and brasses or bearings,
substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Frederick Lyndon, hath
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of August
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight:
Witness,
GEORGE FREDERICK LYNDON. (L.S.)
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.