Matter to Journals and Bearings.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th July, 1887
Complete Left, 9th Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 11th May, 1888
Matter to Journals and Bearings.
I, ARTHUR NESS, of the Cleveland Grease Works, Middlesborough-on-Tees, in
the County of York, Grease Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the means employed for applying grease, tallow, or the like,
such as the lubricating matter described in the Specification of Benjamin James Hicks
and John Kirkwood, No. 3518 of 1886, to journals, roll necks or the like metallic
bearings or surfaces exposed to friction, and consists of a wire gauze envelope or
wrapper for enclosing the lubricating matter, the form of which is designed to
suit the situation wherein it is intended to be used.
The object of my invention is to economise the lubricating matter by retaining it
in its proper position in contact with the surface to be lubricated until the whole of
the lubricant has been utilized and absorbed from the envelope or wrapper, through
the bottom of which it percolates or oozes onto the surface to be lubricated; I am
aware that canvas bags have been used for this purpose, but not wire gauze, which
does not wipe the lubricant off again, as in the case of bags of canvas or the
like fibrous material.
A further object in my invention is to expose the lubricant to the cooling influence
of the atmosphere much more effectually than is the case when enclosed in canvas
bags or envelopes or wrappers of the like material, and I rely upon the fineness of
the wire gauze to exclude grit or foreign matter.
In cases where the envelope or wrapper is required to be of a more rigid and
more durable character, perforated metal may be substituted for wire gauze.
Dated this 8th day of Jul. 1887

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means or Device for Applying Lubricating
Matter to Journals and Bearings.
I, ARTHUR NESS, of the Cleveland Grease Works, Middlesbrough-on-Tees, in the
County of York, Grease Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to he performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :--
In applying lubricating material in a viscuous or solid condition to metallic surfaces,
such as roll necks, when excited by excessive friction to a high temperature, if the
lubricant is applied direct to the metallic surface in the usual form of naked bricks,
slabs or the like, it either becomes ignited by contact with the hot metallic surface or
adheres tenaciously thereto, and is wasted by being torn or sucked away in lumps.
I am aware that canvas bags have been employed for applying lubricants in a
viscuous or solid condition to metallic surfaces, the temperature of which is never
sufficient to ignite the bags, and that sheet metal boxes or chambers constructed with
that part which is arranged to bear against or to be applied in contact with the metallie
surface made of woven or finely perforated material, such as wire gauze or canvas,
have also been designed and can be used for this purpose when the temperature to
which the lubricant is exposed is not sufficient to require a continuous application of
water to keep the lubricant from melting.
My invention relates to improvements in the means for applying viscuous or solid
lubricating material, such as the vegetable lubricant described in the Specification
No. 3518 of Benjamin James Hicks and John Kirkwood and filed on the 11th day of
December 1886, to roll necks or the like metallic surfaces, the temperature of which
is often sufficient to ignite bags or lubricating devices when composed of canvas or
other combustible material, or to melt the lubricant if enclosed in receptacles which
do not admit of the continuous application of water to the lubricant, and consists of
the use of receptacles or envelopes constructed entirely of open or porous incombustible
material through which the lubricant can ooze freely, sucli as wire gauze or closely
perforated sheet metal; my object being to prevent a greater consumption of the
lubricant than is required for the purpose of lubrication by enclosing the lubricant
in a receptacle or envelope which protects it from the effect of being placed in direct
contact with the bot metallic surface, and through every part of which water can be
freely applied to keep the lubricant below the temperature at which it would melt and
run to waste.
In carrying my invention into effect 1 enclose the lubricant in a wrapper or
envelope of wire gauze or closely perforated sheet metal, the edges of which are folded.
over or otherwise united so as to completely enclose the lubricant except in such cases
in which it may be only requisite to enclose the lubricant sufficiently to protect it
from direct contact with the metallic surface to be lubricated, the wrappers or
envelopes may if preferred be constructed to be readily unfolded or opened out at any

page_text: required part for the purpose of replenishing especially in cases where the envelope or
wrapper cannot be readily removed from its intended position for this purpose.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood I will now proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1
illustrates in end view the housing of a rolling mill with the lubricant applied to the
roll necks in accordance with my invention; Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 illustrate to
an enlarged scale wire gauze or perforated metallic wrappers for enclosing the lubricant,
the form and size of the wrapper corresponding as required to the position or
configuration of the metallic surface to which it is to be applied; Figure 8 is a
sectional view taken on line X X of Figure 1, to illustrate in what manner my invention
can be usefully applied for lubricating more than one surface from the same lubricator,
namely, the surface of the roll neck and the surface of the adjoining roll collar; it is
obvious that a third surface could be similarly lubricated from the opposite end of the
same lubricator, and that the form, shape, or configuration of the lubricator can be
modified to adjust it to differently formed surfaces with the same facility as the
metallic bearing or lining on which the roll neck or other surface rotates or travels.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the lubricator in the form of a cylindrical wrapper, which
may be provided with spindles or be otherwise fitted up as to enable the lubricator
to revolve on its axis by the rotary motion imparted to it by contact with the revolving
roll neck.
If it is requisite to protect the lubricant from dirt or grit, the fineness of the meshes
of the wire gauze must be relied on for this purpose which fineness of the meshes is
found to result in increased economy in the use of the lubricant up to the limit at
which water would cease to penetrate the lubricator in sufficient quantities to cool the
lubricant, but wire gauze with only 16 meshes to the inch is effective in preventing
metallic surfaces from igniting the lubricant, and still coarser meshed wire gauze is
effective in preventing the waste of the lubricant by excessive adhesion to the metallic
surface. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a lubricator in which perforated sheet metal is
substituted for wire gauze, the perforations being coarser or finer for the same reasons
as given with reference to the meshes of the wire gauze.
Having now described the nature of my invention and how the same can be applied,
what I claim is :-
The means employed for preventing the waste or destruction of lubricating material
when applied to metallic surfaces in a state of great heat by enclosing the said
lubricant in envelopes composed of porous and incombustible material such as
wire gauze or perforated sheet metal, substantially as and for the purpose as
hereinbefore described.
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