Improvements in Incandescent Gas-lamps.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 12th Feb., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Gas-lamps.
I, ADALBERT KEYSSER, of 26, Thiergartenstrasse, Hannover, Germany, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to incandescent gas lamps and it has for its object to protect
the incandescent mantle from direct draught whilst also ensuring a higher illuminat-
ing effect.
The invention consists in heating the air before it comes in contact with the
illuminating gas similarly to the principle of a Siemen's regenerator lamp.
According to this invention the air is not drawn in directly from below, but flows
from the top down between a globe and the cylinder and into a chamber, and whence
it enters the inlet apertures of the Bunsen burner. By this means not only does
the air become considerably heated, but the extremely sensitive incandescent mantle
also completely protected from direct draught and will therefore last longer than
heretofore.
The flame burns quite steadily so that the improved arrangement is suitable for
use in very exposed situations, such as for instance in doorways, staircases, ware-
houses, street lamps, and so forth.
The invention is illustrated in the annexed illustrative drawings in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Figure 2 a partial plan of one arrangement of
incandescent lamps embodying the improvements. Figure 3 is a vertical section
illustrating a modified construction.
Referring first to Figures 1 and 2 the globe carrier a which is suitably made of
porcelain, glass or the like, is hollowed out internally so as to form a chamber b.
Into this chamber there is inserted a casing c having air inlet apertures d formed in
its upper end (Figures 1 and 2). This casing is also preferably provided with a
flange e by which the ordinary Bunsen burner f is partially guided. Further guid-
ance is afforded by the globe carrier a.
The air entering from the top and flowing down between the cylinder 1 and the
globe k which are shaped to suit the requirements in each case, flows in the direction
of the arrows through the holes in the burner gallery h, and passes through the
apertures d into the chamber b. Thence the air which has by this means become
highly heated, flows through the inlet apertures g of the Bunsen burner, and is
carried along by the current of gas which flows from below up through the Bunsen
burner. In this manner the mantle which is supported by the rod m is not exposed
to direct draught, and the incandescent light acquires in addition to its well known
ordinary good qualities, also those which accrue from the regenerative principle. A
steady intense light is obtained, whilst the tearing or bursting of the incandescent
mantle which results from the direct impact of the air, is obviated. Also cracking
or breaking of the cylinder is avoided because the mantle is not broken by the
draught of air which is kept off; it being a well known fact that the cylinder cracks
chiefly in consequence of irregular expansion due to the small tongues of flames

page_text: which burn through the broken places of the damaged mantle and impinge against
the cylinder and thus heat the latter unequally.
Further the peculiar construction of the burner allows the globe to be set lower
down than in the burners hitherto employed, so that for instance sun burners or
candelabra which are fitted with the new arrangement acquire a more pleasing.
appearance.
The lamp illustrated in Figure 3 somewhat differs in detail from that shown in
Figures 1 and 2 and will be understood without further description.
Incandescent gas burners on the hereinbefore described regenerative principle
may obviously be constructed in the most various forms; for example as sun burn-
ers, as electrical imitations in which a glass bulb represents the globe and cylinder
together, as hanging lamps, garden lamps, lamps with reflectors, illuminating
devices for shop windows and so forth. It is immaterial what kind of gas is burned.
Petroleum, spirit, oil, ordinary illuminating gas, and also acetylene &c. may be
employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The construction of incandescent gas lamps in such manner that the air is
heated on the regenerative principle before it comes in contact or mixes with the
gas, whereby the illuminating effect is increased and the incandescing mantle is at
the same time protected from direct draught, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The improved incandescent gas lamps constructed on the regenerative principle
in which the air is heated by passing between a globe (k) and the cylinder (1) and
after flowing through a chamber (b) which surrounds the air inlet holes (g) of the
Bunsen burner (f), is carried along by the gas and mixes whilst in a highly heated
state with the latter, the incandescing mantle not being exposed to direct draught,
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 11th day of January 1898.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.