CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN SINKS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Chambers and John Chambers, of
the Thorncliffe Iron Works, near Sheffield, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN
SINKS."
Sealed the 27th February 1854, and dated the 26th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Chambers
and John Chambers at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th November 1853.
We, THOMAS CHAMBERS and JOHN CHAMBERS, of the Thorncliffe
Iron Works, near Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN
SINKS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and employment of cast metal or
other impermeable materials or substances cast or run into moulds in
the manufacture of sinks such as are ordinarily employed in kitchens
and other domestic offices. The mode hitherto almost invariably
practised of manufacturing these articles, has been to make them of

page_text: stone, which, being porous, absorbs moisture and gives off noxious
effluvia. The object and intention of this Invention is therefore to
obviate this objection by forming them of an impermeable material, by
which lightness and economy are also obtained; and by coating or
covering the sinks so constructed with glass, or otherwise enamelling
them by any of the known methods of performing such process, the
greatest amount of cleanliness may be secured, and thereby renders
such said sinks particularly adapted for sanitory purposes.
It is to be understood that this Invention applies to all forms or
configurations of sinks, whether such sinks be constructed with or
without effluvia traps, or merely with nozzle outlets, or simply cast
with a hole or opening to receive an ordinary flanged pipe or tube or
of any other suitable form or construction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Chambers and John Chambers in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
THOMAS CHAMBERS and JOIN CHAMBERS, of the Thorncliffe Iron
Works, near Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in
the seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, ITer heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Chambers and John'
Chambers, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Chambers
and John Chambers, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Thomas Chambers and John Chambers, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exer-
cise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN

page_text: IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN SINKS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Thomas Chambers and John Chambers, by an instru-
ment in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-*
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Chambers and John
Chambers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:
Our Invention relates to the manufacture of sinks such as are
ordinarily employed in kitchens and other domestic offices, and consists
in the use, employment, or application of cast iron or other suitable
cast metal, in the manufacture of the said sinks, instead of manu-..
facturing such articles from stone, as hitherto almost invariably
practised.
Our Invention applies to all forms or configurations of sinks, whether
such sinks be constructed with or without effluvia traps, or merely with
nozzle outlets, or simply cast with a hole or opening to receive an
ordinary flanged pipe or tube, or of any other suitable form or con-
struction.
In order more clearly to illustrate the practical application of our
Invention we have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings represent-
ing a kitchen sink of our improved construction, and have marked
thereon figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in
the following explanation thereof.
In the accompanying Drawing, Figure 1 represents a plan view in
perspective of one of our improved sinks constructed with an effluvia
trap; and Figure 2 exhibits a longitudinal section of the same taken
in a vertical direction. a, a, represents the sink; and b, b, the effluvia
trap; c, c, being a loose or removeable cap of the ordinary construction,
and formed of cast iron or other suitable material.

page_text: These sink so constructed may, if desirable, be coated with glass
or otherwise enamelled by means of any of the known methods of
performing such processes.
We would here observe that by this improved method of construct-
ing kitchen sinks we combine lightness with economy, and by coating
or enamelling the said sinks as above mentioned the greatest amount
of cleanliness is secured, whereby they are rendered more particularly
adapted for sanatory purposes.
Having thus described the nature and object of our said Invention
of improvements in kitchen sinks, we would remark in conclusion that
we claim as our Invention the use, employment, or application of cast
iron or other suitable cast metal, in the manufacture of such sinks,
instead of manufacturing such articles from stone (as hitherto practised),
without reference to any peculiar form or configeration, as above
particularly described and set forth and represented in the annexed
Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Chambers and John
Chambers, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
JOHN CLARKSON BURTON,
THOMAS CHAMBERS.
JOHN CHAMBERS.
Clerk, Thorncliffe Iron Works,
near Sheffield.
(L.B.)
(L.S.)