Improvements in or relating to Spindles of Machines for Preparing, Spinning, and Doubling Cotton and other Fibrous Substances, and in the Method of and Means for Lubricating the Bearings of Spindles.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 14th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1887.
Improvements in or relating to Spindles of Machines for Preparing,
Spinning, and Doubling Cotton and other Fibrous Substances,
and in the Method of and Means for Lubricating the Bearings
of Spindles.
We JAMES MARSH of Number 14 Church Street Ashton under Lyne in the
County of Lancaster Mechanic THOMAS HARGREAVES of Number 20 Blandford
Street Ashton under Lyne aforesaid Waste Dealer and JAMES GREENWOOD of
Downing Street Taunton near Ashton under Lyne aforesaid Mechanic do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our said Invention relates
Firstly to Lubricating the Bearings Bolster and Footsteps employed in such
Machinery.
Secondly to oil covers for protecting the same.
Thirdly to an automatic Spindle holder and
Fourthly to certain Improvements in apparatus for Ring Spindles and Mule
Footsteps and Mounting Ring Spindles.
The first part of our Invention consists principally in combining a double chambered
oil cup, one chamber communicating with the other chamber by means of oil ducts.
That part of the bolster has a tubular extension upwards from the bottom near the
centre of the inner oil cup. This upward tubular part of the bolster we cover with a
sleeve which we screw or otherwise secure on the spindle. We turn an annular
projecting rim on the outside of the sleeve which just clears, and enters under the oil
cover thus preventing the oil or other lubricant from being thrown out of the oil cup
by the rapid rotary motion of the Spindlo. The Sleeve above referred to is so made
that it will just clear the upward tubular part of the Bolster and descend nearly to the
bottom of the inner oil cup. We find that when the Spindles is in motion the oil or
lubricant ascends which ascent is caused by the rotary motion of the Spindle between
the annular space before mentioned, that is to say between the bolster and the sleeve,
and that such oil or lubricant has access at the top end of the bolster through the oil
ducts to the bearing part of the spindle. At or near the top end of the bolster we
turn an inner and an outer groove or recess communicating with each other through
oil ducts, and when the spindle is in motion these annular grooves or recesses are well

page_text: supplied with oil or lubricant which finds its way to the bearing part of the Spindle.
Perfect lubrication is thereby insured. When the rapid rotary motion of the spindle
ceases the oil descends into the oil cups below, in which outer oil cup the dirty oil or
lubricant is to a great extent deposited. We now turn an annular inner and outer
groove or recess of a cuplike form at or near the lower end of the bolster or the grooves,
recesses communicating with each other through oil ducts. In the outer annular
groove or recess we place a washer made of flannel or other absorbent material so that
any oil or lubricant that may be retained in the bearing when the spindle is at rest
will not escape out of the bolster. When applying the principle of this Invention to
Jack, Roving, and Slubbing Frames (Spindled Bolsters) we use the bobbin wheel
instead of the sleeve before mentioned. We make the bobbin wheel with a downward
projecting rim at its lower inner end which rim dips into the inner oil cup. We also
leave an annular space between the top of the bolster and the top of the wheel so that
the oil or lubricant will be prevented from escaping when at work. In some cases
we drill oil ducts through the top of the bobbin wheel so that the bolster can more
readily be oiled. The lubrication is the same in this case as in the Mule and
Throstle Bolsters. The Bobbin wheel in some Cases forms the Cover of the oil cups.
Inside the bobbin wheel just below the top of the bolster we turn an annular groove
or recess. The bottom of this groove or recess we incline towards the bolster, and
from this groove or recess we drill oil ducts so that any excess of oil or lubricant
which ascends by the rapid rotary motion of the bobbin wheel will fall into the afore-
said annular groove or recess and return through the oil ducts in the bolster to the
bearing of the Spindle. An absorbent washer made of felt or other suitable material
may be placed in the annular groove or recess if desired. We make the oil cover for
the bolster with a downward projecting flange to fit tight to the outside or inside of
the oil cup so as to keep the cover in position.
The Second part of our Invention relates to the form and construction of oil covers
for bolster and footstep. Our improved oil cover for mules Throstle and Roving
Footsteps is of a cup-like form except that at the outer edge we turn an annular groove
or recess and drill oil ducts at the bottom of the said annular groove or recess so that
any oil or lubricant poured into the said groove or recess finds its way into the oil
cups below. If preferred this annular groove or recess in the oil cover is made to
receive when full about the same quantity of oil as the oil cup beneath it. These
bolsters and footsteps can be oiled in the ordinary way. The inner side of the cover
is bevelled and made to fit the inner chamber of the footstep near the top and that
part of the cover which fits into the outer oil cup at its lower outside end, is
made parallel so that it makes a tight joint. The underside of this cover may be
made (and in some cases we so make it) with an annular projecting rim which dips to
the bottom of the oil cup and forms a division between the two cups. When we
make the oil cover with this annular downward projecting rim it is slit at its
lower end so that the oil or lubricant can flow from the outer to the inner oil cup, and
thence to the bearing. The oil cover for Ring Spindles is made in the form of a
Sleeve which fits tight to the stationary oil cup beneath the rail at the lower end
of the bolster. This sleeve is screwed on or otherwise secured to the bolster or
stationary oil cup. When we make the oil cover in this form we turn the annular
groove or recess at the top end of the Sleeve.
The Third part of our Invention relates to an automatic Spindle holder. On the
side of the Collar or bolster that is fixed or sits on the Spindle Rail we make the
Automatic spindle holder with two projecting parts. Between these two projecting
parts we fix an iron catch with a round axle on each side which axle fits into
the two projecting parts above mentioned. This catch at its top end next to the
Spindle is made of such an angle that when the spindle descends such catch is
forced backwards and the spindle is allowed to reach its working position. We coil
a small steel wire round the axle of the catch and this steel wire by its elasticity
brings the catch back again to its normal upright position. The nose at the top
of the catch is made so that it just clears the top side of the whorl on the sleeve
of the Spindle.

page_text: The fourth part of our Invention relates to Ring Spindles and Mule Footsteps
appertaining to the Invention of the undersigned James Marsh to whom Letters
Patent were granted on the 5th February 1885 and are numbered 1575. Also to self
Contained Ring Spindles and mounting the same. We make the Ring Spindles with
top and bottom bearings and leave an annular space round the spindle in the same
manner as the Ring Spindle Figure 12 of the drawings furnished with the above
mentioned Specification. We now make Mule Footsteps on the principle of the
Throstle Figure 1 of the drawings furnished with the above mentioned Specification
in two parts. The inner oil chamber we slit fine at the bottom so as to give it a certain
amount of spring, and drill in the outer oil cup, round the footstep bearing an annular
space into which we force the part before mentioned, and which then forms the inner
oil chamber. The oil or lubricant circulates through these slits to the footstep bearing.
Our Improvements relate to the fast or stationary oil cup below the bolster shewn in
Fig. 12 of the drawings furnished with the above mentioned Specification. At and
through the bottom of the fast oil cup we drill oil ducts from the outside so that when
the sleeve cover is removed the dirty oil or lubricant can be readily removed from
the fast or stationary oil cup and effectually cleaned out round the spindle bearing.
The oil covers above mentioned in the seconp part of our Provisional Specification
we strike them out in some cases by means of a die the covers being cut out of sheet
brass or other suitable material.
In some cases where our Improvements are applied to Ring Spinning Frames
having single carrying Spindle Rails we prolong the bolster and Sleeve upwards to
or nearly as high as the ordinary Ring Sleeve Spindle and we form or cast a hollow
with a projecting seat near the lower end of the bolster into which we insert our
improved footstep. We fix the wharfe or whorle in this hollow on the spindle and in
some cases we screw or key the wharfe or whorle on the spindle. For spindles with
large wharfe or whorle we employ a hooked bracket which we screw or otherwise
secure to the lower end of the tubular bolster and into which we fix our footstep-
In fixing the wharfe on the Spindle below instead of above the rail on the Sleeve we
prevent obviate or reduce to a minimum the lateral deflection of the bobbin sleeve by
the pull of the driving band thus securing increased steadiness in the speed of the
spindle. In some cases we cut right and left hand spirals on the outside of the
prolonged bolster which assist by the rotary motion of the spindle the raising of
the oil or lubricant to the top bearing. The lubrication in this case is the same as
above described in the bolster and footstep. In doubling Ring Spindles we make the
top of the Sleeve flat and with pegs to carry the bobbin round.
103
1
1000
JAMES MARSH.
THOMAS HARGREAVES.
JAMES GREENWOOD.

page_text: Spinning, and Doubling Cotton and other Fibrous Substances,
and in the Method of and Means for Lubricating the Bearings
of Spindles.
We JAMES MARSH, THOMAS HARGREAVES, and JAMES GREENWOOD of the Gas
Street Iron Works, Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings
Our Invention relates to the spindles and connected parts used in machinery for
preparing spinning and doubling textile materials and has reference principally to
the means for effecting the lubrication of the parts which are in frictional contact.
In order that our invention may be readily and clearly understood we will describe
the same with reference to the drawings which accompany this specification. In
sheet 1 of the said drawings Fig. 1 illustrates a method of lubricating the upper
bearing of a mule or throstle spindle. In the said Fig. a represents a portion of a
spindle which revolves in a bolster b upon which is formed an oil cup c which is
preferably formed with two annular chambers namely an inner and outer chamber
which are separated by the wall c¹ which forms part of the cover and communicate
with each other by means of oil passages. Upon the spindle is fixed a sleeve d which
just clears the upward extension of the bolster and descends nearly to the bottom of
the inner oil chamber. When the spindle rotates the oil is lifted through the space
between the sleeve and the bolster and has access to the top of the bolster or to a
hole or to holes in the same whereby the bearing is lubricated. When the spindle is
at rest oil returns to the oil cup the dirt having a tendency to collect in the outer
chamber of the cup whence it inay be removed at intervals. Near the lower end of
the bolster we form a groove 6¹ which communicates by means of oil passages with
the bearing. In this groove we place a washer or packing of flannel or other suitable
absorbent material which is intended to absorb the dirty oil which descends in the
bearing when the spindle is at rest. Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the application of the
same method of lubrication to the bearings of the larger spindles used in roving
frames and in other machines employed in the preparation for spinning of textile
materials. In Fig. 2 e is a bolster or collar in which is formed a bearing for the
spindle a. Upon this bolster is formed an annular oil cup ² and a tubular extension
formed upon the bobbin carrier f extends into this cup. The said bobbin carrier
revolves upon the bolster as is usual and the upper part of the bore of the bobbin
carrier is enlarged to form a chamber f¹ into which oil from the cup is lifted when
the spindle is revolved the chamber preventing the oil from rising higher and so
escaping. Oil from this chamber has access to the bearing in the bolster through an
oil passage at g. We have found that this passage should be a little above the

page_text: bottom of the chamber as shown. In some cases we form a similar chamber in
the sleeve d in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 illustrates the formation we employ in the cases of
long collar bolsters. In this example the oil passage g is formed at a point a little
above the lower end of a long bearing which is formed in the bolster. We find that
if the said bearing extends to too great a height above the passage g the upper end
of the bearing is not well lubricated. We therefore limit the length of the bearing
as in the drawing and apply a loose ring at h to keep dirt out of the enlarged part
of the bore of the bolster above the bearing. Oil may be introduced either directly
into the cup when the bobbin carrier is raised or at the top of the bobbin carrier as
in ordinary oiling. Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate an improvement in the spindle footstep
which is represented by Figs. 4 and 5 in the drawings attached to the specification
of an invention for which one of us the said James Marsh obtained the grant of
Letters Patent No. 1575 of the year 1885. We provide the annular oil cup which
surrounds the footstep with an annular cover which is turned to fit with a suitable
degree of tightness into the mouth of the oil cup. The said cover is formed with
an annular trough into which oil to replenish the cup can be poured without having
to remove the cover. The oil descends through passages into the cup. The said
trough may be proportioned to contain as much oil and no more as will serve to
re-plenish the oil cup. The two examples differ in that in Fig. 4 the cover fits
around the upper part of the footstep whereas in Fig. 5 the cover extends over the
top part of the footstep and is formed to just clear the spindle the mouth of the
footstep being more open than in Fig. 4 so that it can be cleared out more readily.
In the latter case the oil may be permitted to overflow at the said mouth and to
return inside the cover to the annular oil cup. In the mounting of ring spindles
the spindle in some cases revolves in a tubular carrier which is provided with both
bearings and is seated in the bolster which is extended downward so as to form a
stationary cup or reservoir. It is well known that the oil cup is difficult to clean
out properly. Fig. 6 illustrates a method whereby we obviate this difficulty. In
this Fig. represents such a spindle carrier as we have referred to and k the bolster
in which it is seated the downward extension & constituting the stationary oil cup.
We enclose this oil cup within a removable sleeve which fits at its upper end in an
annular groove which is cut in the bolster. The sleeve fits in the said groove with
sufficient tightness to keep the sleeve in its place at the same time that it can be
readily removed when necessary. If preferred the upper end of the sleeve may
simply fit tightly upon the upper part of the oil cup or the sleeve may be screwed or
otherwise held in any suitable manner or by suitable means. Oil holes m are formed
in the oil cup so that there is a free communication between the sleeve and the cup.
Dirt from the oil tends to settle in the lower part of the sleeve. When the sleeve is
removed the oil runs out of the cup it being only necessary to cleanse the sleeve and
replace it. Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate improvements in the part of the said former
invention which is represented by Fig. 8 of the drawings attached to the said
Specification No. 1575 of the year 1885. To facilitate the construction of the
footstep and the cleansing of the same we make the upper part removable. This
part is represented by n in Figs. 7 and 8 of the attached drawings. The hollow cap-
like part n fits tightly into a recess in the oil trough and is slitted at n' so that oil
can circulate freely between the footstep bearing and the outer oil trough which
latter part may be made of any suitable form. The slits n' give the cap n an amount
of spring so that it is tightly held in its place in the recess in the oil trough which is
provided with a cover n². The upper bearing is modified so as to be lubricated on
the same principle as the bearings in Figs. 1 to 3 in sheet 1. The oil cup o fits
tightly on the spindle and just clears the papp on the bolster plate in which pap the
bearing is formed. A recess is formed at of and the oil is lifted into this recess when
the spindle revolves the oil having access to the bearing through holes formed in the
pap p. Fig. 9 illustrates the application of the same method of lubrication to the
mounting of a ring spindle. In this example the bolster is formed with an oil
cup from which a tubular pillar being part of the bolster extends upward within
the sleeve or tube carriers and is formed or provided with the upper bearing. The

page_text: interior surface of the said sleeve just clears the outside of the pillar r² so that oil is
lifted from the cup to lubricate the upper bearing as in the cases of the examples
previously herein described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
(1) As means for lubricating the upper bearing of a spindle the sleeved dipping
into an oil cup and revolving close to the bolster in which the bearing is formed so as
to lift the oil to the bearing substantially as set forth and indicated with reference to
Fig. 1 of the drawings.
(2) As means for fubricating the upper bearing of a spindle the tubular extension
on the bobbin wheel or carrier dipping into an oil cup upon the bolster and lifting
oil into a chamber or recess whence the oil has access through an opening to the
bearing in the bolster substantially as set forth and indicated with reference to
Figs. 2 and 3.
(3) The combination of parts forming the complete spindle footstep substantially
as set forth and as illustrated by Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings.
(4) In Ring Spindle mountings which have a spindle carrier seated within a
chamber in the bolster; the addition of an outer sleeve or shell which encloses the
lower part of the bolster and the formation of an oil passage or of passages m in
the said part of the bolster substantially as and for the purpose set forth and as
indicated in Fig. 6 of the drawings.
(5) The self-lubricating mounting for the upper part of a mule spindle substantially
as set forth with reference to Fig. 7 of the drawings.
(6) The mule footstep represented in Fig. 7.
(7) In a Ring Spindle mounting; the oil cup the pillar turned to suit the
interior of the sleeves and the said sleeve which just clears the said pillar and dips
into the oil cup substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated herein-
before and in Fig. 9 of the drawings.
T. 1007