Improvements in Separating-machines for Cleaning Groats.
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in Separating-machines for Cleaning Groats.
We. EMIL WEISS, Miller, and LOUIS FRAENKEL, Merchant, both of 64. Curry
Strasse at Berlin in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The improvements relate to machines for cleaning groats and consist firstly in the
employment of movable rollers, on to which fall the groats to be dressed. Hitherto
only stationary inclined plates have been used in such machines and therefore the
movable rollers form the chief part of the improvements.
The improvements are represented in two vertical sections w x and y z in fig. 1
and 2.
The movable rollers are applied in the place of stationary funnel-shaped slanting
planes used hitherto and the purpose of these rollers is to allow the cleaning of the
imachine while the latter is working. The particles of flour and dust contained in the
groats have a tendency to choke or to obstruct the feed-channels for the groats,
But by the employment of rollers the dust may be removed during the working of
the machine, as hereinafter described.
By these movable rollers the machine can be kept perfectly clean without disturbing
the dressing process.
out.
A second innovation in this machine is the way in which the ventilation is carried
For this purpose there is a common slide s for all compartments of the machine
and the peculiarity in this case consists in this common slide in combination with the
using of stair-shaped projections ƒƒ³¹ƒƒ³ƒ^ƒ³ intended for the entrance of air into
the inner casing of the machine. These inlet-projections increase in size from bottom

page_text: to top of the machine and conduct wind of adequate force into
compartments.
the dinerent
Owing to the greater pressure on the larger projections the wind blows with greater
force into the upper wind-holes and operates as regards the cleaning of the groats in a
corresponding measure.
The object of the present contrivances is to dress and sort the groats perfectly and
to clean them from all dust and dirt. Hitherto this has only been effected by passing
the material several times through several machines.
Our machine is composed of an outer casing a a¹ a² which has on its underside a
ventilator v. This ventilator drives air into the compartment a². In the casing a a¹a² 1
is arranged an inner box p in which we provide several series of movable rollers n.
The rollers may be turned from the outside of the casing a a¹ by the axles n' which
penetrate through the partitions of the outer casing.
Parallel with these rollers are arranged in the inner casing p inclined plates b which
touch one of the rollers n and leave a small aperture between them and the next
roller. On the inside of the inner box the inclined plates i are attached under the
air-openings c c¹ c² arranged in the side-partition p' of the inner box.
The inner casing is separated from the outer by the perforated partition pl on one
side and on the other side by the sieve at; the bottom of the inner casing is formed
by four channels terminating on opposite sides of the outer casing a¹.
In the outer casing are besides arranged a series of inclined plates fff" which
are fitted to the slitted slides; the latter may be moved up and down by the
gearing mm. By this motion of the slides with its openings e the size of the
openings c c' of the inner box may be varied and regulated.'
On the upper side of the casing a a² a² we arrange a sieve a supported by the blade
springs by means of these blade springs and by means of the crank axle / the
sieve a inay be shaken in the manner well known in such machines.
Beneath the sieve there are inclined plates aⓇ a' with the aperture d' which guide
the groats after their having passed through the sieve into the machine by the
channel d'.
The way in which the machine works is as follows:
The groats are brought to the shaking-sieve a³ and fall through it and through the
aperture and the channel d2 upon the inclined plane i¹. Thence they pass through
the intermediate space between the upper inclined plane i¹ and the next plane i and
are caught by the strongest current of air coming through the uppermost slide-hole e,
and cleared of all fine and coarse adherent dirt which is swept away by the air. The
lightest particles of dirt fly farthest and the other useful component parts of the
groats are carried aside according to their size and weight and fall down between
the different rollers n of the uppermost series of the latter.
Then the particles pass and fall successively on to the second third and fourth
series of rollers passing the interspaces between the rollers n and the plates bor
their way.
On leaving these interspaces, the groats are always exposed again to the wind, tha
comes through the slits ee of the slides and are gradually separated from each othe
according to their size and weight, until they reach the lowest series of rollers, from
which they fall into the different channels h.
The lighter particles of dust and dirt are thrown by the air-current through th
sieve a into the casing a m². The less light particles of the groats are thrown onl
behind the last rollers and fall down through the channel m₁. By means of thi
contrivance six different sorts of groats are separated from one another.
In case that one or more of the rollers and of the interspaces between the rollers
and the inclined plates b are choked by the groats, the rollers may be turned from th
outside by means of the axle.
The material clinging to the rollers n will rub itself off against the slanting sledg
which has a covering of cloth or some other yielding stuff on that part of it whic
lies against the roller. The force of the wind can be regulated (at one time) b
turning the slide in each wind-inlet according as it shall be stronger or weaker.
5

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:
In machines for dressing fine groats:
1) The employment of rotatory rollers arranged in series, to prevent the discharge
channels from getting choked by the material that is to be dressed or to clear them if
necessary.
2.) The employment of rotatory rollers arranged in series in combination with the
scraping plates which are fixed under the said rollers for the purpose as described.
3.) The employment of a common slides with the stair shaped inclined planes
ffffff for the purpose as described.