matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
MAKING THE STOP FUNNEL FOR THE PREVENTION OF WASTE OF LIQUIDS WHILST BOTTLING OR TRANSFERRING THEM FROM ONE VESSEL TO ANOTHER
Year: 1857

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Gilbert Burrington at.
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 6th April 1857, pursuant to the 9th Section of
the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GILBERT
BURRINGTON, of Chudleigh, in the County of Devon, Gentleman, do, by this
instrument under my hand and scal, hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "MAKING THE STOP FUNNEL FOR THE PREVENTION OF WASTE OF
LIQUIDS WHILST BOTTLING OR TRANSFERRING THEM FROM ONE VESSEL TO ANOTHER,"
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The said Invention is intended to prevent the waste of liquids whilst bottling
or transferring them from one vessel to another, and it effectually obviates the
loss which at present constantly occurs in those operations. The stop funnel is
made with a perforated moveable stopper inserted between the upper and
lower parts, as shewn in the accompanying Drawings, and instead of taking
the funnel out of the bottle or other vessel when the latter is full, by merely
turning the handle of the stopper all the liquid remaining in the upper and.
lower part of the funnel or tube is saved, and waste entirely prevented; for the
turning of the stopper acts as a syphon on the part below, and enables the
latter to retain the liquid until set free by the action of turning back tho.

page_text: stopper, and by partially turning the stopper the flow of the liquid can be at
any time gradually regulated. The lower part of the funnel or tube is grooved,.
as shown in the section of it in the Drawings, so as to allow the air in the
bottles or other vessels to escape. There is also a shoulder or collar imme-
diately below the stopper, which prevents the funnel from going too far into
the bottle or other vessel. The stop funnel will be of great utility in bottling
wines or other liquors, as enabling the wine, if foul, to be immediately checked
in its passage into the bottle by the use of the stopper.
The Figure A in the accompanying Drawing represents the stop funnel
complete; Figure B, the perforated stopper with handle attached; Figure C,
the lower part or tube of the funnel, grooved; and D, the shoulder or collar.
The funnel in the Drawing is estimated to hold a quart,, but the Invention
will be applicable to funnels of any size, and it is intended to apply it to such.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gilbert Burrington, have heretofore set
my hand and scal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
GILBERT BURRINGTON. (L.S.)
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.).
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Topham at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd July
1857.
I, CHARLES TOPHAM, of Hoxton, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
I make a square or other shaped box or case, with a recess in the top,
bottom, and side of the box or case to receive packing on all the four sides,
and round the holes for the bearings of a plunger, which is a portion of a
circle, with a bearing projecting on each side, so that the plunger when fitted
in the box or case presses against the packing fitted in the recess all round
the box or case, making the plunger perfectly tight. This plunger being worked
round in the bearings by any suitable driving apparatus will raise and force
liquids in the ordinary manner.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Dearden at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th April 1857.
I, HENRY DEARDEN, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed as a substitute for the "check straps" employed
in looms for diminishing the concussion of the "shuttle" and "picker," and
relates to a novel description of apparatus to be applied to power looms for
such purpose. The apparatus consists in a cylinder or barrel, within which is
confined a spiral or other spring exerting an outward pressure upon a rod
or plunger, one end of which presses against a finger or lever extending to the
spindle" of the shuttle box, so that as the picker strikes against the finger it
will force in the rod, and compress the spring, and thus offer a yielding check
to the picker and shuttle; the action of the lever is confined by stops formed
at a suitable distance before it.
The apparatus is to be placed one at each end of each of the shuttle boxes,
so as to diminish or check the concussion both as the shuttle is expelled and
enters the box, in like manner to the ordinary "check strap."
A MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING OR CHURNING
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John McIsaac at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th August
1857.
I, JOHN M ISAAC, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Joiner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A MACHINE OR APPARATUS
FOR WASHING OR CHURNING," to be as follows:-
A
My Invention consists is placing a box, vessel, or receptacle of a suitable
form and construction on rockers (similar to those placed under a child's
cradle). Into this receptacle I introduce the clothes to be washed, or the
cream to be churned, and I find the force required for rocking the apparatus
much less than is required for any other churn or washing apparatus with
which I am acquainted. The following sketch, with letters of reference, will
show my Invention for washing clothes:-A is the lid or
covering to the box; B is the box or receptacle; C is a
frame on which the box is placed; D is a rocker, and d, d,
are handles to rock by; E is a straight-edge or bed, on
which the rocker d is supported. There are two rockers,
one on each side. The clothes to be washed are placed
along with soap and hot water in the box B, and the lid A made fast. The
rocking is then continued till they are effectualy washed. To churn by this
Invention I put some cross bars in the box B, to break the cream, but the
operation of churning is by rocking the same as in washing.
B
C
IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC POR- TRAITS AND PICTURES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Kinsman Sweet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
November 1857.-A communication.
I, HENRY KINSMAN SWEET, of Northumberland Street, Strand, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC POR-
TRAITS AND PICTURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in photographic portraits
and pictures, and consists in taking such portraits or pictures on concave or
convex plates of glass or other material in place of taking them on flat plates
as heretofore, by which means effects in some respects superior to those
hitherto obtained may be produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Talbot at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th March
1857.
I, RICHARD TALBOT, of Moxley, near Bilston, in the County of Stafford,
Furnace Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON," to be as
follows:-
My said Invention consists of improvements in the furnaces used for
puddling, annealing, and finishing iron. Instead of the ordinary arrangement
of the parts of a puddling furnace I adopt the following:-The fire-place is
situated nearly opposite to the opening at which the workman effects the
puddling of the iron, while the opening at which the cinder passes out is
situated on one side of the furnace instead of near where the workman operates.
This arrangement is much less distressing to the workman than the ordinary
arrangement. I combine the annealing and finishing furnaces in one, the
parts being thus arranged:-The fire passes over a high bridge into a chamber
constituting the annealing furnace; after passing along the roof of the said
chamber the fire descends and passes out at the bottom, it afterwards rises
and passes over another high bridge into a second chamber constituting the
finishing furnace; from the bottom of the last-mentioned chamber the fire
passes to the stack or chimney.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Walmsley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th April
1857.
I, SAMUEL WALMSLEY, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved apparatus for polishing the surfaco
of the top rollers, and for preventing the fibrous material when passing
between the rollers from accumulating on them.
In performing my Invention I place pieces of glass or other suitable
material within slots or recesses in the flats or clearers, or in other suitable
supports; these pieces of glass are loose in the slots or recesses, and when
the clearer is in its place they bear on the surface of the roller to prevent the
accumulation of fibres as described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC PILES
Year: 1857

page_text: rotection, out
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas William Kennard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
January 1857.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM KENNARD, of Sussex Gardens, Hyde Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC PILES," to be as follows:-
I construct piles whose transverse section is in the form of a cross, or which
may consist of three or more leaves or plates connected together; the outer
edges of these leaves are thicker than the other parts, or they are made with a
rib or bead. By this disposition of the metal the pile is rendered much
stronger and stiffer than if the same quantity of metal were arranged in leaves
of uniform thickness. I manufacture these piles in various ways: thus, I roll
flat bars or plates of iron with a thick bead on one edge, and I unite the other
edges of three or more of these bars by means of angle irons and rivets, or
bolts and nuts; or the edges of the bars may be bent and rivetted together;
or I roll a flat plate or bar with beads or ribs at both edges, and I rivet or
bolt to the flat sides of this bar other bars rolled with flanges for that purpose;
or I connect together two or more bars having beads or ribs on each edge.
In some cases the piles may be made wholly or partially of cast iron.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GREASE OR LUBRICATING BOXES FOR AXLES AND OTHER ROTARY PARTS OF MA- CHINERY
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Randal Cresswell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th May
1857.
I, RANDAL CRESSWELL, of Conduit Street, Regent Street, London, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GREASE OR LUBRICATING BOXES FOR AXLES AND OTHER ROTARY PARTS OF MA-
CHINERY," to be as follows, that is to say:-
The Invention has for its object the provision of means for rendering the
lubrication of axles of machinery of carriage wheels, and other axles and
rotating parts which require it, constant, uniform, and as far as possible self-
acting, and consists in the application of an apparatus for effecting the above-
named purposes, the description of which is as follows:-
The axle or part to be lubricated is enclosed within a box, having an inter-
vening flange or washer, with a reservoir sunk in its upper part for the
reception of the lubricating fluid, and a suitable groove communicating above
with the reservoir and below with the axle or part to be lubricated for the
passage of the unctious material. Around these is placed a hollow revolving
cylinder, which receives the lubricating material after it has done its work,
and by its motion conveys it to the upper part, where meeting with a con-
ductor it is directed into the reservoir from whence it started to be re-employed
as before. By this arrangement the flow of the lubricating fluid is constant,
and the supply is regulated as required.
A NEW OR IMPROVED ROTATORY MACHINE TO BE USED AS A STEAM ENGINE, WATER WHEEL, FIRE ENGINE, OR PUMP
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Cooke and William Cooke
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 17th January 1857.
We, JOSEPH COOKE, of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop, Manufacturer,
and WILLIAM COOKE, of Shrewsbury aforesaid, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED ROTATORY
MACHINE TO BE USED AS A STEAM ENGINE, WATER WHEEL, FIRE ENGINE, OR
PUMP," to be as follows:-
Our said Invention consists of a drum revolving on a shaft or axis. The said
drum is contained in an iron ring, forming therewith a steam-tight circular
passage. One or more pistons are fixed in the said steam passage. Loose
or sliding pistons are placed on and work in the drum in the direction of radii,
and are carried round with it in its motion on its axis. Fixed combs on the
sides of the steam chest or passage engage with the sliding pistons and draw
them towards the centre as they approach and pass the fixed pistons. One
of the sliding or loose pistons occupies the steam passage, while the other is
being withdrawn to pass the fixed piston. The moveable pistons are carried
round by the steam as it passes to the exhaust pipe, and carry round the drum
and shaft, to which they are connected. The machine is wholly covered by a
steam-tight chest, or it may be enclosed in the boiler, excepting the exhaust

page_text: pipe. Although we have only described our Invention as a steam engine, yet it
may be used as a water wheel, fire engine, or pump. When used as a
machine for raising and forcing liquids, motion is given to the central shaft.
When used with water as a motive power engine, it is used essentially in the
manner first described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UNIONS FOR GAS PIPES AND OTHER PIPES OR TUBES
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Curtis Kemp at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th May
1857. A communication.
I, EDWARD CURTIS KEMP, of Avon Place, Pershore Road, Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UNIONS FOR GAS PIPES AND OTHER PIPES OR
TUBES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to those screw couplings usually employed for
uniting two pieces of pipe together in which the two parts abut, and are held
together by a screw cap.
The improvements consist in forming one part of the coupling with a
square or hexagonal recess, and the other part with a projecting part to
correspond, which fits into the recess of the other, and whereby the one part
is readily and may be repeatedly adjusted in the same position, and prevented
turning round upon the other or altering its position while screwing on the
cap. Instead of square or hexagonal parts, parts of other forms may be used
for the same purpose; or projecting pins on the one part may be received into
holes in the other part with like effect.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SEAL FLAPS OF ENVELOPES AND LETTER PAPER
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Ad.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Spendlove Desborough at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th May
1857.
.I, SPENDLOVE DESBOROUGH, of 42, Noble Street, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF THE SEAL FLAPS OF ENVELOPES AND LETTER PAPER," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
the seal flaps of envelopes and letter paper. For this purpose, in the act of
embossing or printing such scal flaps, the dies or apparatus used are arranged
to puncture the paper above the scaling portions in such manner that the
paper above the seals will more readily give way and separate than the other
parts, and the paper round the upper part of the seal where the punctures are
made, will not retain that strength which will admit of the sealed portion
being opened and resealed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF RAILWAY WHEELS, AXLES, AND TYRES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Lloyd, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th May 1857.
I, SAMUEL LLOYD, junior, of Wednesbury, Staffordshire, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF RAILWAY WHEELS, AXLES, AND TYRES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in manufacturing the axles for passenger
carriages and wagons from one ingot or bar of steel; and, second, in con-
verting the outer or wearing portion of wheels and tyres into steel after
having been rolled.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Cheetham at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th January
1857.
I, DAVID CHEETHAM, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in the application of a "thermometer" to
boilers, for the purpose of ascertaining the temperature, and consequently
pressure of steam. One arrangement I have found to answer is as follows:-
The tube or cup containing the "mercury" extends into the boiler, and has
at its upper end (or outside of the boiler) a suitable glass tube attached, in
which the mercury rises or falls according to the temperature of the steam;
the glass tube may be graduated so as to exhibit the pressure. A modification
of the above arrangement consists in effecting the desired object by the
expansion of air or other gaseous fluids acting on the surface of the mercury
contained in the cup or tube aforesaid. Instead of the modes above described,
the tube containing the mercury within the boiler may be arranged so that an
ordinary "thermometer" may be used to obtain the desired result.
Another part of my Invention consists in a mode of indicating the height or
level of the water in boilers. This I accomplish by means of a suitable float
partially or wholly immersed in the water, from which a rod passes up into a
suitable glass tube place on the outside of the boiler.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TANNING
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Lafone at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st March
1857.
I, HENRY LAFONE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Tanner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TANNING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar mode or modes of treating hides for the
purpose of tanning the same, whereby a better result is obtained than has
hitherto been effected, whilst a great economy of time and labor is
accomplished. According to this Invention the skins or hides to be tanned
are first fleshed and unhaired, they are then placed in a strong vessel con-
taining the tanning liquor, and are there subjected to a hydrostatic pressure
of from three to four hundredweight per square inch, produced by a hydrostatic
pump. This pressure is allowed to remain for some few hours, when the skins
are passed through rolls or subjected to pressure by other arrangements in
order to remove the watery particles.
These two processes, namely, the subjection of the skins or hides to
powerful hydrostatic pressure in the tanning liquor, and the subsequent pissing
of them between rollers or other pressing apparatus, are to be repeated until
the bides are tanned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN PIPES
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Stiff at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th December
1857.
I, JAMES STIFF, of the London Pottery, High Street, Lambeth, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN PIPES,"
to be as follows:-
The annexed Drawing shows sectional views of two forms of improved
drain pipes, made with a standard or support A, A, and made thicker at the
part marked B than in ordinary, in order to give greater strength and solidity
to the pipe; my Invention consisting in making drain pipes with standards
or feet, and of greater thickness in that part which has to bear the super-
incumbent weight. This improved form admits of the pipe being laid in the
trench in a firmer manner than in ordinary, and of easily ascertaining the
proper fall, and of ready adjustment in case of accident.
A NEW OR IM- PROVED JOINT FOR FISHING RODS, THE RODS OR HANDLES OF PARASOLS, AND FOR OTHER RODS
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bennett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th February
1857.
I, JOHN BENNETT, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Press Tool
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "A NEW OR IM-
PROVED JOINT FOR FISHING RODS, THE RODS OR HANDLES OF PARASOLS, AND FOR
OTHER RODS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a joint for joining fishing rods, the rods of parasols,
and other rods, constructed in the following manner-Upon the ends of the
rods to be joined rigidly together I attach a metallic tube or ferrule, the tube
on one rod being larger than that on the other, so that one of the said tubes
may enter and slide in the other tube. The larger tube has in its axis a
smaller one, so that the tube which enters the larger tube or ferrule slides
between two concentric tubes. The two rods are joined together by means of
a cylinder of india-rubber, and the smaller tube or ferrule is provided with a
bayonet joint, in which a pin in the larger tube engages.
In joining rigidly together the two rods, the smaller tube is pressed into
the larger, until by a twisting motion the pin in the one engages in the bayonet
joint in the other. When it is wished to separate the two rods they may be
liberated by a twisting motion, which unfastens the bayonet fastening. The
cylinder of india-rubber holds the two rods together, and acts as a joint,
permitting the two rods to lie parallel to one another.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN WASHING AND SCOURING HOUSEHOLD LINEN AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed.
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Murdoch McKay and Lewis Rose
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
22nd July 1857.
We, MURDOON MCKAY, of Hackney, Gentleman, and Lewis ROSE, of
Holborn, London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN WASHING AND SCOURING
HOUSEHOLD LINEN AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows, that is
to say:-
The Invention consists in the employment of a "board" of suitable size and
form, having attached to one of its sides a lever supporting a scouring brush,
and so contrived that both lever and brush can be moved as required over the
surface of the board. This apparatus is placed in the washing tub, and the
article to be cleansed is brought over the face of the board, and operated upon
by means of the brush and lever, the lever giving increased power to the
operator.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June
1857.
I, JOHN SMITH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates particularly to the manufacture of pile goods, such as
tabby velvets, velveteens, corderoys, and all kinds of goods that have the pile
to be cut parallel with the selvages of the cloth, which is afterwards fired or
shorn, and consists of forming a race and cord or rib alternately crosswise on
the cloth, that is, from selvage to selvage, or at right angles with the selvages,
in contradistinction to the cords hitherto made parallel with the selvages,
which ribs or cords may be varied in size and variety at pleasure. I do not
confine myself to any particular kind of material for manufacturing goods by
this Invention, as it is applicable to cotton, woollen, silk, or other fibrous sub-
stances, or a mixture of the same, using cotton warp and woollen weft, or any
other compound or mixture that may be considered desirable. It is evident
that goods woven by this my said Invention may be raised and shorn as
well as cut and fired, if desirable. The arrangement of the warp and weft
threads during the process of weaving by making the cord or tie-up at certain

page_text: irregular intervals, by which I raise the ribs or cords, will be clearly under-
stood by all persons conversant with weaving, by reference to the accompanying
Diagram, which shews eight different tie-ups, and which may be varied to an
indefinite extent, the variations being merely to produce a lighter or stronger
cord.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PORTABLE SHOWER AND SPONGE BATHS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Morison at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd April
1857.
I, JAMES MORISON, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PORTABLE SHOWER AND SPONGE BATHS," to be as follows, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates to a mode of constructing portable shower and
sponge baths in an extremely simple and economical manner, and so that the
apparatus when out of use may be packed into a very small space.
In constructing a shower bath according to this Invention, the head, or that
portion which supports the can or vessel to contain the water for the shower,
may be made according to any convenient plan already in use. It is preferred,
however, to adopt a modification in which the head is supported by three legs
fitted into sockets therein, and from which they can be removed when the appa-
ratus is out of use, the lower ends of these legs resting directly upon the floor
or ground. Arrangements are made for hoisting the can of water up to the
head by means of a cord and pulley, and the usual curtain may be fitted to the
head if desired. It is the vessel in which the bather stands, and which
receives the water, to which the present Invention has more special referenco.
This vessel consists of an open hoop or frame of a circular or any other con-

page_text: venient form in plan, to which is attached by raised edges a disc of waterproof
cloth, the bottom of which lies flat on the floor or ground. The edges of
this cloth vessel are raised more than sufficiently to contain the water which
may be put into the vessel, and the hoop or frame which supports the edges
may either be of the whole breadth of the edges, so as to rest directly upon the
floor or ground, or it may consist of a narrow ring supported at the proper
height by legs.
The frame is made in two halves hinged together, so that when the appa-
ratus is not in use the vessel may be folded together into a very small space.
When the apparatus is to be used as a shower bath the vessel of waterproof
cloth is opened inside the legs supporting the head. The vessel of waterproof
cloth with its frame or supporting hoop may be used separately as a sponge
bath, the head and other details of the shower bath being in this case dispensed
with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORDNANCE
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William George Armstrong at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th February 1857.
I, WILLIAM GEORGE ARMSTRONG, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the County
of Northumberland, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORDNANCE," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate, firstly, to forming guns with the internal tube or
cylinder of wrought iron or gun metal in one piece, surrounded by one or more
cylindrical casings of wrought iron or gun metal shrunk upon the internal
cylinder.
Secondly, to an arrangement for loading at the breech by means of a screw
applied for pressing a moveable breech-piece or stopper against the posterior
end of the tube, so as to close the same after the charge has been introduced.
The projectile and charge are introduced through a cylindrical hole in
the screw corresponding with the bore of the gun. The material forming the
tightening surfaces at the breech are of copper. The vent is contained
in the breech-piece or stopper.
Ax' IMPROVED MODE OR MODES OF ADJUSTING CHANDELIERS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph and Edmund Rateliff; Chandelier Manu-
facturers; trading as Copartners, at Nos. 59 and 60, Saint Paul's Square,'
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, for the Invention of "Ax'
IMPROVED MODE OR MODES OF ADJUSTING CHANDELIERS."
Sealed the 21st July 1857, and dated the 13th April 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph and Edmund
Ratcliff at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 18th April 1857.
We, JOSEPH and EDMUND RATCLIFF, Chandelier Manufacturers, trading as
Copartners, at Nos. 59 and 60, Saint Paul's Square, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MODE OR MODES OF ADJUSTING CHANDELIERS," to be as follows
(that is to say):-
Our improvement consists in the use of a male and female screw applied to
that part of a chandelier that usually slides the one in the other, and retained
in the desired position by compensating weights working over pulleys at the
top, and which weights and pulleys we purpose to dispense with, by the use
and application of the said male and female screw to this part, the chandelier
being raised or lowered by turning it around forward, or backward, as required;
and by preference we fix the male screw to a suitable ball joint, or otherwise,

page_text: and top plate for securing the same to the ceiling, and the female screw we fix
in a suitable position in the hollow vertical shaft or tube of the chandelier, the
male screw working down on its interior.
We may further observe, that if the thread or threads of the screw be of
such a character as to insure a quick rising or falling of the chandelier, wo
find it necessary to apply a flexible collar, producing a pressure around the
screw, to prevent its working too freely, or running down by its own weight,
and in which collar we provide the means of adjustment, according to the
weight of the chandelier to which it may be applied.
In some instances it may be objectionable to raise or lower the chandelier
by turning it round, and in that case we propose to effect the same object by
means of a rack and pall, the rack being formed on tho internal slide, or the
part we propose fastening to the ceiling, and the pall and its accompanying
parts on the outside tube or slide of the chandelier, or vice versâ, the pall or
catch to be operated on when it may be desirable to raise or lower the chan-
delier. This mode of raising and lowering we propose using when tho
chandeliers are of a light and simple construction.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WATER GAUGES
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Sutcliffe at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th May
1857.
I, JAMES SUTCLIFFE, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WATER GAUGES," to be as follows:-
To indicate the height of the water in steam boilers, I make a box of any
convenient shape or size, to be placed at the front, side, or other position of
the boiler at the water level. At the front or other convenient position of the
said box I fix a window or windows of glass, talc, or any transparent sub-
stance, the said box being packed with india-rubber or other elastic packing;
and at the other end of the box I place a valve or valves opening inwards
to the boiler, which valve or valves are arranged in connection with a handle
outside, so as to be opened at pleasure by the fireman or person in attendance.
The utility of the valve is to close the box if the glass or transparent window
or windows should be broken or damaged whilst a new one is put in.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WARMING MILK
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Nicholls at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th August
1857.
I, WILLIAM NICHOLLS, of Chippenham, in the County of Wilts, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
WARMING MILK," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a portable.vessel into which hot water is placed,
the temperature of such water being maintained by placing heaters within
said vessel after the manner of an ordinary tea-urn, said heaters forming an
important feature in this Invention.
This apparatus, when used for warming milk, is placed in the vessel con-
taining the milk, and a thermometer is held therein to ascertain when it has
been sufficiently warmed, after which the apparatus is lifted out of the milk.
By the above improved apparatus the heaters serve to keep up the
temperature of the hot water as the cold milk robs it of its caloric.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Williamson, Francis Wil-
liamson, John Wright, and Joseph Wadsworth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 27th May 1857.
We, JOHN WILLIAMSON and FRANCIS WILLIAMSON, both of Keighley, in
the County of York, Worsted Manufacturers, JOHN WRIGHT, of Griffe Mill,
in the Township of Haworth, in the Parish of Bradford, in the said County,
Factory Manager, and JOSEPH WADSWORTH, of Oldfield, in the Parish of
Keighley aforesaid, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS," to be as follows:-
First, our Invention consists in giving various and different motions to a
leaf of heddles, by means of two or more sets of levers or treddles working in
slides, and put in motion by tappets, and kept in their position by means of
catches, which motion can from time to time be changed so as to produce
satin or twill and plain weaving, or vice versâ, in one and the same piece or
woven fabric, by means of another lever or levers acting upon the sets of
treddles, and throwing one or more set or setts into or out of gear or working
order.
Second, our Invention consists in having two or more catch wheels of
different diameters, to the same loom, one or more of such catch wheels
being thrown into or out of gear or working order by means of a lever or
levers acting upon and connected with the catches to the wheels, and by this
means we from time to time vary the number of picks or threads per inch in
one and the same piece or woven fabric.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STIFFENING, SIZEING, AND FINISHING TEXTILE FABRICS AND YARNS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Davis Pochin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th November 1857.
I, HENRY DAVIS POCHIN, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STIFFENING, SIZEING, AND FINISHING TEXTILE
FABRICS AND YARNS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the use and application of hydrate of alumina,
either alone or mixed with silica, rosins, gums, mucilages, glues, or gelatines,
for stiffening, sizeing, and finishing textile fabrics and yarns.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF DIVING BELL
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Heinke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
March 1857.
I, JOHN WILLIAM HEINKE, of Great Portland Street, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF
DIVING BELL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of diving bell, which will float
on the water when not in use, and may be readily sunk when required for use.
The bell is formed of a double casing divided out into any required number
of compartments, which compartments are intended to receive respectively
water to sink the bell, and condensed air to supply the diver. Fitted to the
compartments are valves, which are brought under the command of the diver,
who, when he has entered the floating bell through a man-hole provided for
the purpose (and secured water-tight after he has entered), will first open the
water inlet valves, and allow the water compartments to fill sufficiently to
ensure the sinking of the bell. When the bell has been thus sunk, he opens
the air valves to supply himself with air from time to time as it is needed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TROWSERS
Year: 1857

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Robert Lewis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th April
1857.
I, SAMUEL ROBERT LEWIS, of 11, Catherine Street, London, E., in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TROWSERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is more particularly adapted to trowsers to be worn when
riding, rowing, cricketing, or under other circumstances where it is desirable
to allow of extraordinary exertion, or sudden stooping, without risk of the
garment rending or the braces being broken.
The improvement consists, firstly, in attaching to the waistband or upper
edge of the trowsers at the back and front thereof pieces of elastic woven web
or cloth, to which hooks are firmly sewn or connected, over which hooks the
button holes of the bracos are passed, each piece of elastic material being so
folded as to allow of expansion in various directions; and, secondly, the Inven-
tion consists in the insertion of a piece of similar elastic material in the seat
and back seam, so as to allow the seam to open by lateral expansion when
stooping, such elastic material not being visible unless the seam is so expanded.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF KNITTED AND WEFT-NETTED WARP FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Urie and William Suther-
land at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 27th October 1857.
We, ROBERT URIE, of Paisley, and WILLIAM SUTHERLAND, of Penelope
Works, Greenock, both in the County of Renfrew, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF KNITTED
AND WEFT-NETTED WARP FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of manufacturing various fabrics by employing
printed or parti-colored threads or yarns in the stocking-frame and other
looms, commonly known as the Barrhead nett frames or looms, so as to pro-
duce fabrics with regular figures or patterns, in place of using in such
machines plain threads or yarns, or threads or yarns each colored from end to
end with one color.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- PACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John King at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th March
1857. A communication.
I, JOHN KING, of Saint Swithin's, Lane, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as follows:-
I place the insole of a boot or shoe upon a last mounted with the bottom
upwards in a machine. The upper leather is placed round the last, and its
edges are brought over the edges of the insole, and are seized by a series of
pincers or grippers attached to levers. These levers are drawn back and
secured by ratchets, and the upper leather is thus stretched and made to fit
closely and smoothly on the last. The toe of the last rests upon a pad, and it
is secured by a strap or straps drawn down by levers. The edges of the upper
leather are secured by a few tacks to the insole. The edges of the upper leather
and of the insole are coated with cement before placing them in the machine,
and they are heated after they are fixed upon the last, by which means the
cement is softened and caused to adhere; the tacks are afterwards removed.
This cement is prepared by dissolving from 4 to 6 parts of gutta percha and
one of caoutchouc or other suitable proportions in bisulphuret of carbon
and mixing the solutions.
The last with the upper leather and insole is placed in a press between two
jaws, and two wedges or fingers jointed together are passed along it so
as to smooth down the creases in the leather, while the union of the insole and

page_text: upper leather is completed by the pressure. The sole is now cemented on the
insole and on the edges of the upper leather, and is pressed firmly upon them
by means of a machine, in which several metallic straps or moulds are drawn
down upon the sole by means of levers.
The sole and heel are stamped out by cast-iron dies in an eccentric or other
.press, and the heel is filled with a composition of gutta percha, white resin, or
galipot or turpentine, scraps or raspings of leather, and drying oil heated and
mixed together. The boot or shoe, is placed with its last in another machine,
in which it is surrounded by a metal plate or guide corresponding to the
proper form of the sole. A small plane or cutter is passed round this guide
and pares the sole to the proper form. The finished boot or shoe is then
removed from the last. The lasts are made of iron, with an inclined piece
from the top to the instep, which is capable of being raised and lowered by a
screw. A gas
burner having a number of jets arranged so as to correspond
with the form of the sole is employed for heating the cement. The surfaces
which are to receive the cement are previously scratched by means of a card
cylinder or roller covered with teeth or spikes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Walton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th January
1857.
I, JOSEPH WALTON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the combination and adaptation of means by which
the selection of any of a series of shifting shuttle boxes may be obtained to
bring any one of the series in a line with the race of the loom, and applies
either to what are called rising and falling boxes, or to such as are of a rotary
character.
And the improvements consist in effecting the desired selection by the
operation of series of arms in pairs, with varying numbers of catches or
drivers, and which arms are actuated by jacquard or other pattern surface,
aided (or partly so) by cam or tappet motion.
The improvements also relate to a novel arrangement of rotating shuttle
boxes, and consist in connecting the shuttle chambers together by hinge or
other such connexions in such way that they may follow each other in succes-
sion over a cylinder or cylinders actuated as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING PRINTED OR PARTI-COLORED YARNS FOR MANUFACTURE INTO FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Collier at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th June 1857.
I, GEORGE COLLIER, of Halifax, in the County of York, do hereby declaré
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING PRINTED
OR PARTI-COLORED YARNS FOR MANUFACTURE INTO FABRICS," to be as follows:-
By printed or parti-colored yarns is meant (as is now well understood)
such as, in place of being dyed all one color, are individually printed in
various colors, in such manner that when a series of them are placed side
by side, they may (by reason of the previously arranged disposition or register
of the colors of each yarn) produce by the weaving fabrics with ornamental
patterns in colors.
Such fabrics are now well understood, but considerable difficulty is
experienced in preserving the correct register of the colors during the setting
for and in the weaving, and I have discovered that this difficulty arises in
great measure, if not entirely, from the inequality of the shrinking of the
different yarns printed together on the same cylinder or other surface.
And one part of my improvements consists in submitting all of such printed
parti-colored yarns, printed together in banks, to a stretching and drying
process capable of adjustment as required, in order to stretch and set them to
definite lengths. For this purpose I support these hanks of yarns upon pairs
of bobbins or beams, the axes of which are capable of being separated, the

page_text: one from the other, to various fixed distances as required, and I give constant
rotary motion to these bobbins or beams whilst operating on the yarns, and I
enclose them with the yarns in chambers, heated in any suitable manner, to
facilitate the drying of the yarn.
These printed or parti-colored yarns, having been wound on to bobbins,
these bobbins are placed in what are called "setting frames," in which the
yarns are adjusted in relation to each other, in order to preserve the pattern
correctly as they are laid on to the pile warp beam for weaving.
As at present arranged these bobbins are supported on a frame, which also
carries one pair of the clamps used to hold the yarns as adjusted, and this
frame of bobbins and clamps is capable of movement on wheels to and from
the other or stationary clamps in connection with the beam.
And another of my improvements, consists in supporting the bobbins in a
stationary frame in place of a moving one, and giving the to-and-fro motion
only to the one pair of clamps by supporting them on a suitable travelling
frame, by which the labour of the operator will be lessened, as well as facility
be given for carrying out the next improvement, which consists in placing the
bobbins on horizontal spindles arranged in such manner that the yarn there-
from is drawn partly round upright rods, upon which it is capable of sliding
freely whatever amount of it is drawn off the respective bobbins, and greater
uniformity of tension is thereby obtained.