Improvements in Securing Non-conducting Coverings on Surfaces to be Protected from Radiation of Heat.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Securing Non-conducting Coverings on Surfaces
to be Protected from Radiation of Heat.
We, WILLIAM FRAIN SNOWDON, and SAMUEL SNOWDON, both of No. 2, The Side,
in the City and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineers Factors, do hereby
declare the nature of said invention to be as follows:
Our invention has special reference to what are known as mattress coverings or
pads of asbestos or other non-conducting fibrous materials but it is applicable to
other non-conducting coverings of various compositions intended to prevent
radiation of heat which require to he secured upon the radiating surfaces and to
allow of the ready removal of any section or sections of a series for examination
of said surfaces and equally ready replacement without interference or disturbance
of the adjacent sections.
We will describe the nature of our invention as applied to mattresses of asbestos,
or other flexible non-conducting fibrous materials as to steam boilers, steam pipes,
cylinders and the like, which will sufficiently indicate the method of application
to other surfaces.
According to the present practice such mattresses are applied in convenient
series which by their flexibility will fit curved as well as flat surfaces and are
sewn together by wire which is an expensive method and imperfect because the
mattresses do not fit closely the surface to he protected moreover no mattress of
any series can be removed when required without disturbance of those adjacent
to it.
According to our invention we provide, by means of light iron, steel, or other
bands or strips, inside and outside and connected by light bolts, for binding and
consolidating the materials of the mattress and also for drawing the series of
mattresses closely upon the surface to be protected by draw bolts between the
edges of each mattress and the next. As applied, for instance, to the circular shell
of a steam boiler, the mattresses are disposed in consecutive series of convenient
sizes around the boiler each mattress being bound and consolidated as to thickness
by the internal strips or bands, which will preferably be transverse to the length
of the mattress and flush with its internal surface connected by light bolts which
will be fitted with distance ferrules passing through it to corresponding external
strips or bands, which will be circumferential to the boiler, and fitted with
tightening nuts.
The circumferential binding straps extend from end to end of each mattress
and are provided with L-shaped lugs, with sufficient space between them to allow
of the straps on each mattress being drawn together by bolts and nuts so as to
bind the series of mattresses close to the shell of the boiler and also to draw the
adjacent edges of two mattresses closely together, provision being made in the bolt
holes of the binding strips for such adjustment. When it is required to remove a

page_text: mattress from any part of the protected surface it is only necessary to unscrew nuts
from the lug bolts when any mattress can be taken off and as readily replaced.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1896.
Improvements in Securing Non-conducting Coverings on Surfaces
to be Protected from Radiation of Heat.
We, WILLIAM FRAIN SNOWDON, and SAMUEL SNOWDON, both of No. 2, The Side,
in the City and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineers Factors, do hereby
declare the nature of said invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention has special reference to what are known as mattress coverings or
pads of asbestos or other non-conducting fibrous materials, but it is applicable to
other non-conducting coverings of various compositions intended to prevent
radiation of heat which require to be secured upon the radiating surfaces
and to allow of the ready removal of any section or sections of a series for examina-
tion of said surfaces and equally ready. replacement without interference or
disturbance of the adjacent sections.
We will describe the nature of our invention as applied to mattresses of asbestos,
or other flexible non-conducting fibrous materials as to steam boilers, steam pipes,
cylinders and the like, which will sufficiently indicate. the method of application
to other surfaces.
According to the present practice such mattresses are applied in convenient
series which by their flexibility will fit curved as well as flat surfaces and are
sewn together by wire which is an expensive method and imperfect, because the
mattresses do not fit closely the surface to be protected, moreover no mattress of
any series can be removed when required without disturbance of those adjacent
to it..
According to our invention we provide by means of light iron, steel, or other
bands or strips, inside and outside and connected by light bolts, for binding and
consolidating the materials of the mattress and also for drawing the series of
mattresses closely upon the surface to be protected by draw bolts between the
edges of each mattress and the next. As applied for instance to the circular shell
of a steam boiler, the mattresses are disposed in consecutive series of convenient
sizes around the boiler, each mattress being bound and consolidated as to thickness
by the internal strips or bands, which will preferably be transverse to the length
of the mattress and flush with its internal surface connected by light bolts, which
will be fitted with distance ferrules, passing through it to corresponding. external
strips or bands, which will be circumferential to the boiler and fitted with
tightening nuts.
The circumferential binding straps extend from end to end of each mattress
and are provided with L-shaped lugs with sufficient space between them to allow
of the straps on each mattress being drawn together by bolts and nuts so as to
hind the series of mattresses close to the shell of the boiler and also to draw the
adjacent edges of two mattresses closely together, provision being made in the
bolt holes of the binding strips for such adjustment. When it is required to
remove a mattress from any part of the protected surface it is only necessary to

page_text: unscrew the nuts from the lug bolts when any mattress can be taken off and as
readily replaced.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings our invention is shewn as applied to a
modern marine boiler, the pads or mattresses being made of Asbestos or other
fibrous or flexible non-conducting material, to which it is specially adapted, and it
will be readily understood how it may be applied to securing other non-conducting
coverings of such compositions as can be put on in removable sections.
Fig. 1 shews a pad to a scale of 1 inch per foot, 6' 0" x 3' 0" laid out flat with
part of two adjacent pads at one end and one side.
Figs. 2 and 3 shew respectively to a scale of half an inch per foot the back and
side of a marine boiler, partially covered with the pads and bound with straps.
Figs. 4 and 5 shew in section and plan respectively portions of two adjacent
pads with the binding straps to a scale of one half full size.
Figs. 6 and 7 shew respectively in plan and section portions of the back of a
boiler with the method of securing the ends of the binding straps to an approximate
scale of one half full size.
Figs. 8 and 9 shew respectively a face view and section of one of the stay bars
with its projecting nut with two methods of fitting the pad close down on the back
of the boiler in way of such nuts to a scale of approximately quarter size.
The same letters refer to the same or corresponding parts on all the Figs. where
such parts are shewn.
A. are the pads which will preferably be "quilted" (as in Fig. 1), B. are the
circumferential or longitudinal straps, B 12 the transverse straps. C. are the lugs
on the ends of these straps B. and B to receive the screw bolts D), and E. are the
screw bolts by which the straps B. B1 and B2 are bound together with the pad A.
between, in such manner that its substance may be bound and consolidated to any
desirable extent, regulated by the nut F. on the bolt E. as being more convenient
than a loose ferrule round the bolt. The bolt E. has a square neck next the head
fitting a square hole in the strap B2 to prevent it turning round when the straps
are being drawn together by the nut, and the longitudinal and transverse straps
have oblong or enlarged holes G. where the bolt passes through to allow for drawing
the pads together at the joints by the screw bolts D. These details are more
clearly shewn on Figs. 4 and 5.
On Fig. 3 one of the pads (indicated by a strong margin line and diagonally
crossed) is removed to shew the facility with which this may be done without
interfering with the other pads, and on the front end of the boiler, Fig. 3, the
pads have not been completely fitted to shew how they are arranged to go quite
round the boiler, keeping clear of the cradle girders H. in which it rests. In way
of the butt-straps "J. the pads may either follow the projection of the straps or
be fitted over them so as to form a "flush" circle.
Figs. 6 and 7 shew a convenient method of providing on the back of a boiler for
securing the ends of the straps B. or B by attaching them to stud bolts K. screwed
into the shell, but other methods may be adopted either for the longitudinal straps
enly, or for the transverse straps as well.
Figs. 8 and 9 shew to about one fourth of actual size a method of fitting the
pads close on the shell over projecting nuts L. as the nuts of bar stays at back (or
front where exposed), by providing holes M. in way of such nuts, a modification,
if required, being to cover such holes by washers N. of the non-conducting material
Drivetted on the pad as shewn by dotted lines. The fronts of boilers may also be
protected by covering the exposed shell around the "uptake," the "uptake" itself
and root of chimney up to the air casing, as also the smoke box and doors on their
outer surfaces.
Although we prefer to fit the ends of the binding straps B. of each pad with
5 lugs and screw bolts we may so fit only some of them, the ends of the others being
connected by studs and slots like "bed laths" still securing the same facility for
removing and replacing any pad or pads.

page_text: As applied to cover cylinders, steam pipes, or other such smaller surfaces, the
same mode of fitting and securing the pads will apply, in some cases one pad
covering the whole circumference, and bends of pipes will be followed by segmental
pieces any one of which may be removed without disturbance of the others, the
inding straps being disposed to suit each special case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1st. The improvements in securing mattresses, pads, or slabs of Asbestos or other
fibrous, flexible, or other materials or compositions forming a non-conducting
covering, upon steam boilers, or other vessels requiring to be protected from
radiation of heat, consisting in fitting such mattresses, pads, or slabs with longi-
tudinal and transverse straps secured upon each mattress, pad, or slab in such
manner that the series are bound together so as to fit closely upon the surface
covered, and their adjacent edges drawn close by screw bolts and that any section
o: sections of the series can be readily detached and removed without interfering
with or disturbance of the adjacent sections by unscrewing the bolts, and as
readily replaced and secured by said bolts, substantially as described, and as applied
to a steam boiler illustrated.
2nd. The method of application of such mattresses, pads, or slabs, in the nanner
described to surfaces requiring to be protected from the radiation to the interior
of external heat as in refrigerators, cooling chambers, tanks, or the like or to
cabins, saloons, or other surfaces exposed to the heat of the sun, substantially as
described.
3rd. The improvements in securing non-conducting coverings on surfaces to be
protected from radiation of heat, comprising the various parts in combination,
arranged as described and illustrated on the accompanying drawings, with reference
to a steam boiler, or any mere modification as to details of the essential fittings.
Dated this 23rd day of June 1897.
T. J. DANSON,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicants.