Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 27th Sept., 1887
We JOHN ALSTON HART of Higher Bank Blackburn in the County of Lancaster
Engineer and Doctor CHARLES BAYNES of Knuzden House Blackburn aforesaid
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object to regulate the quantity of cotton or other textile
material delivered in any given length by varying the speed of the delivery
mechanism in proportion to the variation in quantity of the feed, that is to say after
adjusting the speed of the feed roller by change wheels or ordinary pulleys to a
standard thickness of textile materials which gives the required quantity of production
we vary the speed of the delivery mechanism in such manner as to give a more
uniform quantity of textile material in any given length as delivered and so correct
the irregularities caused in the pipes or trunks or in the feed mechanism of the
feeding part of such machines.
Our invention consists in the application of one or more cone drums to commu-
nicate a variable speed to the delivery mechanism of machines for blowing and
beating cotton or other textile material such cone drum or drums acting in com-
bination with gauging devices which devices indicate the quantity of textile materials
passing through or into such machines.
The gauging devices control the position of the strap on the cone drum or drums
in such a manner as to increase or decrease the speed of one or more cone drums or
of a pulley which the cone drum strap drives and therefore increase or decrease the
speed of the mechanism which regulates the length of textile material delivered from
such machines, so that when the gauging devices indicate a greater or lesser quantity
or thickness passing through it than the standard thickness of textile materials the
speed of the delivery mechanism will be correspondingly increased above or decreased
below the speed suitable to the said standard thickness of materials passing through
the gauging device so that the quantity of textile material in any given length as
delivered may be automatically controlled and regulated.

page_text: A jack box or train of differential wheels suitably driven may be employed in
combination with the cone drum or drums and gauging devices as above described
to communicate the variable speed to the delivery mechanism of such blowing and
beating machines as may be used for cotton or other textile materials.
Our invention may be employed in combination with any feed regulating apparatus
whether the said feed regulating mechanism be separated from or attached to the
blowing and beating machine and also with feeding machines which supplies the
material through pipes or trunks.
n
1
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said J. A. Hart and
Doctor Chas. Baynes.

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Blowing and Beating Cotton or other
Textile Materials.
We JOHN ALSTON HART of Higher Bank, Blackburn in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, and Doctor CHARLES BAYNES of Knuzden House Blackburn aforesaid
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our Invention has for its principal object to regulate the quantity of cotton or
other textile material in any given length of lap delivered from the machine by
varying the speed of the delivery mechanism in proportion to the variation in
quantity of the feed, that is to say, after adjusting the speed of the feed roller, to a
standard thickness of textile materials in accordance with the required quantity of
production, we cause the speed of the delivery mechanism to be automatically varied
in such manner in proportion to the quantity fed so as to give a uniform quantity of
textile material in any given length of lap as delivered, and so correct irregularities
caused in the pipes or trunks or at the feed mechanism which supplies the material.
Our Invention consists in the application of gauging devices with or without
differential gear and a cone drum or cone drums (or the equivalent thereof,) in com-
bination therewith, for communicating a speed to the delivery mechanism of machines
for blowing and beating Cotton or other textile material, which speed will vary with
the quantity of textile material passing through or into such machines in such a
manner as to give the required uniform quantity of textile material in any given
equal lengths of lap as delivered.
The gauging device governs the position of the strap on the cone drum or cone
drums in such a manner as to increase or decrease the speed of the delivery mechanism,
and when a greater or lesser than the standard average quantity of textile material
for which the machine is set is passing through the gauging device the speed of the
delivery mechanism will be correspondingly increased above, or decreased below the
speed of delivery suitable to the said standard thickness of materials passing through
the gauging device so that the quantity of textile material delivered in any given
length may be automatically controlled regulated and equalised.
We do not limit ourselves to the use of one particular make of gauging device but
we prefer to use that which we hereinafter describe.
A jack box or train of differential wheels suitably driven may if so desired be
employed in combination with the cone drum or cone drums and gauging devices to
communicate the variable speed to the delivery mechanism.

page_text: Our Invention may be employed in combination with any feed-regulating apparatus,
whether the said apparatus be separated from or attached to the blowing and beating
machine and also with feeding devices by which the material to be made into a
uniform lap is fed into the machine through pipes trunks or otherwise.
The cone drum mechanism is preferably placed at the front or inlet end of the
machine the motion of the gauging devices being transmitted thereto and therefrom
to the delivery end of the machine.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same as applied to a cotton blowing and beating
machine and for that purpose we shall refer to the several figures on the annexed
sheets of drawings. The separate feeding roller and endless feeding apron not being
shown in the drawings; we show the roller B acting as a feed roller but we may use
it if preferred simply as a gauging roller, taking the material and feeding it to the
beater by other mechanism say for instance, it may be drawn from the roller B and
holders between two feed rollers one above the other and so feed it to the beater.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of a cotton blowing and beating machine.
fitted with our improvements and Figure 2 is a corresponding plan of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are views, drawn to a larger scale of the cotton holders and our
improved gauging device and Figures 5 and 6 are views drawn to a still larger scale
shewing more clearly the arrangement of levers comprising part of the said gauging
device. Figures 7, 8 and 9 are views of our improved speed regulating device for
communicating a variable speed to the delivering mechanism according to the thickness
of the material in the gauging device. Our improved guaging device consists of a
combination of levers acted upon by the textile material through the cotton holders
or pressers so as to operate the strap forks for altering the relative position of the
driving strap on the cone drum or cone drums and through a system of gearing
regulate the speed of the delivering mechanism so that the lap of cotton issuing
therefrom will be of a uniform or approximately uniform thickness.
The cotton as it passes from the opener A (Figures 1 and 2) is conducted in the
ordinary manner between the fluted roller B of the guaging device and the cotton
holders or pressers C shown by dotted lines in Figures 1 and 2) and on an enlarged
scale in Figures 3 and 4. The cotton holders for our improved guaging device are
preferably in much greater number and correspondingly smaller width than usual in
other devices of the kind hitherto employed. Each of the cotton holders (bears
upon the upper end of a pin or rod D passing through a flexible diaphragm of
suitable material viz. india rubber leather or cotton cloth, to exclude the dust yet
allowing unristricted motion in the direction of the pins length. Below the
diaphragm the pin passes through the top into the interior of a box E which contains
the guaging levers, the said box being supported by bolts or otherwise beneath the
roller B on brackets F secured to the side standards or frame of the machine so as to
be capable of being readily detached or replaced when desired for cleaning or other
purposes and one side of the box is used as a lid and is suitably packed and fastened
to make it dust tight. The lower ends of the pins or rods D are supported on the
outer ends of what we term primary levers G as shewn clearly in Figures 4 and 5.
These levers are supported on knife edges H provided near the outer ends of what
we term secondary levers I and these latter levers are supported on knife edges K
provided near the outer ends of other levers L which we term tertiary levers. The
bearing parts of the levers GIL & N are arranged to be practically in the same
horizontal plane for the purpose of reducing rubbing motion which would destroy
the sensitiveness of the knife edges. In the drawing we have represented 24 cotton
holders or pressers C and 12 primary levers G each of which supports the rods of
two adjacent cotton holders. The twelve primary levers are supported on six
secondary levers I and these latter levers are supported on three tertiary levers L.
Two of the tertiary levers are supported by knife edges M M on a fourth lever N
(see Figure 6) whilst the other tertiary lever is supported by a knife edge ○ on one
end of a fifth lever P, the opposite end of which last mentioned lever supports by a
knife edge the lever N carrying the two tertiary levers L hereinbefore referred to.

page_text: The lever P is supported by a knife edge R on a projection S carried by a sixth
lever T arranged on the exterior of the box E through the bottom of which the
projection S passes, the passage of air or dust being checked by a flexible diaphragm
or washer of indiarubber or other suitable material; one part of this diaphragm
clasping the projection S and the outer edge being fastened to the bottom of the
box E so as to allow free motion in the working direction of the lever T the said
lever T being supported on a knife edge V in a bracket secured to the said box, or
the lever T may if required be partly enclosed in the box, the part passing through
the end of the box being made dust tight by a diaphragm as described or in other
suitable manner.
The knife edge on which the lever P is supported is situated at a
distance from the knife edge O, which supports the single tertiary lever L, equal
to rds of the distance between the said knife edge O and the knife edge Q which
supports the two tertiary levers L and lever N.
The outer end of the lever T is provided with an adjustable knife edge V which
bears upon an arm W (adjustable for the purpose of admitting the relative travel of
the strap forks and gauging lever T) fast on one end of a shaft X supported on
suitable bearings in side standards of the machine and extending from the box E
containing the gauging device, to the chamber Y containing the cone drums and
gearing, which we will now proceed to describe with reference to Figures 7. 8. and 9.
On the shaft X is keyed a lever Z carrying an adjustable weight a and provided with
a stud passing through a suitable slot in the chainber Y and upon which is mounted
a double ended lever or coupling rod c which is connected by pins at each of its
opposite ends to one arm of a bell crank lever d the other arms of which bell cranks
are provided with strap forks e for shifting the strap falong the cone drums g and h
to vary the speed of the delivery mechanism.
The drum is driven from the shaft (Fig. 7) of the opener A (Figure 1) by
means of the driving strap and pulleys i and level gear k.
On or near the opposite end of the shaft or spindle of the drum g is keyed a
pinion m gearing with a spur wheel n which is also provided with bevel teeth o in
gear with a bevel wheel the axis of which carries a pinion g in gear by means of
intermediate wheels 2 (the latter being a change wheel) with a spur wheel » keyed
on a shaft s extending along the machine as shewn in Figure 1.
Motion is transmitted from the spur wheel n by the train of gearing t to a wheel u
mounted loosely on the shaft c.
C
The wheel carries on studs w small pinions 12 in gear with a corresponding
pinion keyed on the shaft vand also with internal teeth formed on a wheel y mounted
loosely on the shaft but driven by the train of gearing from the axle of the driven
cone drum h. On the opposite end of the shaft is a bevel wheel 1 in gear with a
corresponding wheel 2 fast on one end of a shaft 3 extending along the side of the
machine and carrying at its opposite end a bevel wheel 4 in gear with a corresponding
wheel 5 on the shaft 6 which drives the delivering mechanism with its creepers or
cotton collecting cages.
The shafts which receives motion through the train of gearing p q r (one of
which is a change wheel) and as hereinbefore described transinits motion by means
of the gearing 7. and clutch box 8 to the roller B of the gauging device. The
clutch 8 is thrown in and out of gear for the purpose of starting and stopping the
roller B by means of the lever 9 which is connected by the link 10 to one arm of a
bell crank lever 11 the other arm of which lever is connected to the rod 12 so that by
the act of starting and stopping the delivery mechanism the rod 12 will be caused to
slide longitudinally so as to throw the clutch 8 into or out of gear as the case
may be.
The lever Z hereinbefore referred to keyed on the shaft X is suitably weighted so as
to cause the necessary pressure between the gauging device and the cotton holders or
pressers, so that connection between the gauging device and the strap forks is
maintained. If the material passing between the roller B and the cotton pressers C
thickens above the desired average thickness at any particular part or parts the holders
or pressers at that particular part or parts will be correspondingly depressed and the

page_text: levers of the guaging device will be depressed by the pins or rods D, and thus
transmit motion, to an extent corresponding to the degree and extent of the thickening,
through the lever on the shaft X to the strap forks so as to increase the speed of the
delivery mechanism above the average speed correspondingly to the increased thickness
of the material above the average thickness, and thus the material in any given length
of lap delivered is more regular. Similarly when the thickness of the material
passing between the roller B and the cotton pressers is less than the desired average
thickness at any part or parts, the speed of the delivery mechanisin will be reduced
in accordance with the degree and extent of the reduced thickness of the material
below the average standard thickness.
On the wheel y is cast or fixed a pinion 14 which is caused to gear when required
with a wheel 15 carried on the upper end of a lever 16 which lever is fitted to turn on
the shaft or spindle 17 carrying a wheel 18 in gear with the wheel 15.
On the spindle 17 is also mounted the rope pulley 19 communicating notion to a
rope pulley on the feed roller, and to an endless feed apron of the machine which feeds
the material to the blowing and beating machine. When the lever 16 is in the position
shewn in Figure 8 the rope pulley 19 will be driven through the wheels 14 15 and
18 at an automatically variable speed depending upon the thickness of the material in
the gauging device. When the desired length of lap is completed the delivering
mechanism is thrown out of gear by means of the lever 9 (Figure 1) and by acting
through the rod 12 on the lever 16 the wheel 15 will be disengaged from the wheel 14
and thereby stop the rotations of the rope pulley 19. The object of this arrangement
is that when the material at the guaging device is above or below the desired average
thickness the speed of the feed roller and endless feed apron of the machine which
supplies the material to the opener, Figure 1 and therefore to the guaging device is
correspondingly decreased and increased respectively, thus tending to supply the
required standard average thickness of material to the guaging device, and also to
start and stop the supply of material to the machine at the beginning of a new lap or
the completion of a lap. We may use separate cone drums or separate gauging
device with or without train of differential wheels to vary the speed of feed roller
and the feed roller may be as described on a separate feeding machine or may form
part of and be fixed to the blowing and beating machine Figures 1 and 2 also the
gauging device with pressers might be placed above the roller B the pressers still
pressing the material on the roller B.
We will now describe the operation of the differential gear illustrated in Figures 7
and 8. Let it be assumed that the number of external teeth on the exterior of each
of the wheels u and y be 80, the number of teeth on the interior of the periphery of
the wheel y be 60. and that each of the pinions and w² contain 20 teeth. In this
case the wheel u being driven at a constant speed of 48 revolutions per minute from
the cone drum g the wheel y will be driven from the lower drum at a variable speed
within the limits of 16 and 64 revolutions per minute and always in the same direction
as the wheel u so that when the wheel y is running at 16 revolutions per minute and
the wheel at its constant rate of 48 revolutions in the same direction the pinion r
and consequently the shaft r on which it is keyed will run at a speed of 144 revolution
per minute in the same direction as the wheels u and y. When the wheel y runs at
a speed of 64 revolutions per minute the wheel u running at a constant speed of
48 revolutions then the pinion and shaft will be stationary as the effect of the
wheel y running 14rd revolutions neutralizes the one revolution of the wheel u. If the
wheels y and u each run one revolutions the speed of the wheel will be one. Again
a speed of 3rd of a revolution of the wheel y to 1 revolution of the wheel u gives
2 revolutions to the pinion and shaft v, whilst of a revolution of the wheel y to one
revolution of the wheel u will give 3 revolutions to the pinion 2. We do not confine
ourselves to these speeds as the particular machine to which the Invention is applied
may require their alteration we merely give these speeds as illustrations. We do not
however limit ourselves to the employment of differential gear with the cone drum or
drums, as the latter may be geared with the delivery mechanism without the inter-
vention of differential gear.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. The combination with machines for blowing and beating cotton or other
textile materials of means for regulating the quantity of such material in any given
length of lap as delivered, by automatically varying the speed of the delivery
mechanism substantially as hereinbefore explained.
Second. In machines for blowing and beating cotton or other textile materials
provided with means for regulating the quantity of such material in any given length
of lap as delivered, by varying the speed of the delivery mechanism, the combination
of means for automatically varying the speed of the feed roller of the feeding
mechanism which supplies the material to the blowing and beating machine sub-
stantially as herein before described.
Third. The combination in machines for blowing and beating cotton or other
textile materials provided with means for regulating the quantity of material in any
given length of lap as delivered, of a gauging device and cone drum or cone drums
with or without the use of a train of differential wheels substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Fourth. In machines for blowing and beating cotton or other textile materials the
combination of the primary secondary tertiary levers and the fourth lever of the
gauging device arranged side by side and with their bearing parts in the same
horizontal plane for the purpose of reducing friction substantially as herein before
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. In machines for blowing and beating cotton or other textile materials the
combination of levers constituting a gauging device enclosed in a dust proof portable
box capable of being readily attached to and detached from the machine substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Sixth. The arrangement and combination of parts hereinbefore described and
illustrated in figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings and in details in the
other figures of the said drawings substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 15th day of August 1887.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent.