IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Henry Morgan, of Long Acre, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES."
Cry vig
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1876.
GEORGE HENRY MORGAN, of Long Acre, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN CARRIAGES."
"
'IMPROVE-
The Invention has for its object improvements in carriages, and relates to that
description of carriage in which the body is supported by C springs at the front
and back thereof. Heretofore in such description of carriage the lower parts of the
front C springs have been fixed to the top "beds" of the "under carriage," and
elliptic springs have been fixed to the axle to support the "under carriage," whilst
a perch was necessary to hold the front under carriage and the hind under
earriage together. This arrangement of parts was expensive, cumbrous, and
inconvenient.
*
"
Now according to my Invention I am enabled to dispense with the "perch" and
with the front elliptic springs, whilst I obtain a full lock" to the under carriage
and produce a cheaper, more elegant, more compact, and otherwise convenient form
of carriage. For this purpose I fix the lower parts of the front C springs to the
axle, and I connect the tails of such springs together by a cross spring fixed at its
centre to a stay or stays fixed to the "framing pieces" of the bottom bed.
The bows of the C springs are connected by links or loops to bearings fixed to
the "bottom bed" of the "under carriage," and the body of the carriage is bolted
to the top beds of the under carriage as has been the usual practice when common
elliptic springs bave been used to carry the body.
By this arrangement in locking, the front C springs pass under the boot, and in
addition to the advantages before mentioned I obviate the lateral motion of the
body which is inseparable from the former mode of using C springs for both the
front and back thereof.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said George Henry Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th April
1877.
GEORGE HENRY MORGAN, of Long Acre, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CARRIAGES."
"
The Invention has for its object improvements in carriages, and relates to
that description of carriage in which the body is supported by C springs at both the
front and back thereof. Heretofore in such description of carriage the lower parts
under carriage,"
of the front C springs have been fixed to the top "beds" of the
and elliptic springs have been fixed to the axle to support the "under carriage,"
whilst a
perch" was necessary to hold the front under carriage and the hind
under carriage together. This arrangement of parts was expensive, cumbrous, and
inconvenient.
Now according to my Invention I am enabled to dispense with the "perch" and
with the front elliptic springs, whilst I obtain a "full lock" to the under carriage,
and produce a cheaper, more elegant, more compact, and otherwise convenient form
of carriage. For this purpose I fix the lower parts of the front C springs to the
axle, and I give support to the tails of such springs by connecting them to a cross
spring fixed at its centre to a stay or stays fixed to the "framing pieces" of the
"bottom bed," or I connect the tails of such C springs to "half springs" fixed to
the bottom bed."
The bows of the C springs are connected by links or loops to bearings fixed to
the "bottom bed" the "under carriage," and the body of the carriage is bolted
to the "top beds" of the under carriage as has been the usual practice when
common elliptic springs have been used to carry the body.
And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood, and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings, more fully
Figure 1 is an elevation; and Figure 2 is a plan of parts of a carriage with my
Invention applied thereto, and showing the tails of the front C springs supported by
a cross spring; and Figures 3 and 4 are respectively an elevation and plan of parts
of a carriage having my Invention applied thereto, but showing the tails of the
C springs at both the front and back supported by "half springs."
Like parts are marked with similar letters of reference in all the Figures.
a is the body of the carriage; b, are the front C springs; and c are the back C
springs.
According to my Invention I dispense with the "perch" heretofore employed in
carriages baving the body supported by C springs at both the front and back
thereof; and I fix the lower parts of the C front springs b to the axle d, and
according to the arrangement shown at Figures 1 and 2, I support the tails b¹ of
such springs b by connecting them to a cross spring e, which is fixed at its centre
to a stay or stays f¹ fixed to the framing pieces f of the bottom bed f, or according
to the modification shown at Figures 3 and 4, I support the tails 61 of the front
Csprings b by connecting them to half springs g fixed to the "bottom bed," and
in this last arrangement I have shown the tails c¹ of the back C springs c supported
by half springs h fixed to the "pump handle" i.
The bows of the front C springs are according to my Invention connected by
links or loops j, to bearings f³ fixed to the "bottom bed" of the under carriage, and
the body of the carriage is bolted to the "top beds" k of the under carriage as
has been the usual practice when common elliptic springs have been used to support
the carriage body.
The links or loops j I also form of leather as has heretofore been the case, but I

page_text: prevent the stretching thereof by connecting thereto or covering the same on one
side, and the two ends with a plate j³, as shown more clearly at Figure 5.
According to my Invention in "locking," the front C springs pass under the
"boot" of the carriage, and in addition to the advantages before mentioned I
obviate the lateral motion of the carriage body which is inseparable from the former
mode of using C springs for both the front and back thereof.
I
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode in which
carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is,―
First. The mode herein described of supporting the front of a carriage by C
springs having their lower parts fixed to the axle and their bows connected by
links or loops to bearings fixed to the bottom bed of the under carriage, substantially
as and for the purposes herein shown and described.
And, Secondly. I claim, giving support to the tails of the front C springs by
connecting them to a cross spring fixed at its centre to a stay or stays fixed to the
framing pieces of the bottom bed, in manner and for the purpose substantially as
herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Henry Morgan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
GEORGE HENRY MORGAN. (LS.)