Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 10th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Jan., 1888
I ALEXANDER SCHANSCHIEFF of Gipsy Hill in the County of Surrey Electrician
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to construct a closed galvanic battery which is
especially suitable for an electric miners lamp.
The battery is a single fluid battery. I prefer to use the fluid described in the
specification of a former patent granted to me No. 12378 in the year 1885 but it can
be used with any other single fluid.
The battery consists of a cylindrical vessel closed at the top by a cover.
The cover
is slightly domed and is held down at its centre say by a screw and nut. A washer is
provided around the circumference between the vessel and the cover. When the
centre of the cover is screwed down the cover having a certain clasticity takes an
even bearing all around the edge of the vessel and thereby forms a tight joint.
The plates of the battery are carried by the cover.
When it is desired to divide the battery into more than one cell this is done by
radial partitions and the plates are arranged so as to enter the radial cells. By this
means a sufficient surface can be obtained for an electric lamp without the plates
occupying much of the length of the cylindrical vessel so that the latter can have a
considerable quantity of fluid put in before reaching the bottom of the plates. The
vessel is only partly filled with liquid so that when standing up one way the plates are
out of the liquid and the battery is out of action. It is put into action by simply
reversing the position.
When the battery is to be used as a minors safety lamp the electric glow lamp is
carried by a projection on the cylindrical casing so that the appearance of the whole
is something like that of an ordinary bulls eye lantern. For mines it is especially
important that by no possible sparking can an explosion be caused. For this purpose
I arrange all the contacts inside the closed battery cell.
The wires leading from the plates to the lamp are embedded in the thickness of the
cover and sides both of which I prefer to make of gutta percha, the wires in the cover

page_text: and sides each terminating in plates which bear on one another when the cover is
screwed on.
The terminals are spread out into curved plates to form the lamp holder
in the ordinary way.
The glow lamp is protected by cap and glass and this is so arranged that it cannot
be taken off without uncovering the battery, so that the removal of the lamp cannot
take place whilst the battery is in operation and therefore there is no liability to
sparking from this cause.
In place of fixing the plates of the battery to the cover they may be arranged in
the cylindrical casing one over the other being separated by rings of elastic material,
in this case a passage is provided to lead the fluid from the reservoir to the cells.
Dated this 10th day of February 1887.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Miners' Safety Lamps and in Galvanic Batteries
Especially Suitable therefor.
I ALEXANDER SCHANSCHIEFF of Gipsy Hill in the County of Surrey, Electrician
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of this invention is to construct a closed galvanic battery which is
especially suitable for an electric miners lamp.
The battery is a single fluid battery. I prefer to use the fluid described in the
Specification of a former Patent granted to me No. 12378 in the year 1885 but it can
be used with any other single fluid.
The battery consists of a cylindrical vessel closed at the top by a cover. The cover
is slightly domed and is held down at its centre say by a screw and nut. A washer
is provided around the circumference between the vessel and the cover.
When the
centre of the cover is screwed down the cover having a certain elasticity it takes an
even bearing all around the edge of the vessel and thereby forms a tight joint.
The plates of the battery are carried by the cover.
When it is desired to divide the battery into more than one cell this is done by
radial partitions and the plates are arranged so as to enter the radial cells. By this
means a sufficient surface can be obtained for an electric lamp without the plates

page_text: The
occupying much of the length of the cylindrical vessel so that the latter can have a
considerable quantity of fluid put in before reaching the bottom of the plates.
vessel is only partly filled with liquid so that when standing up one way the plates are
out of the liquid and the battery is out of action. It is put into action by simply
reversing the position.
When the battery is to be used as a miners-safety lamp the electric glow lamp is
carried by a projection on the cylindrical casing so that the appearance of the whole
is something like that of an ordinary bulls eye lantern. For mines it is especially
important that by no possible sparking can an explosion be caused. For this purpose
I arrange all the contacts inside the closed battery cell.
The wires leading from the plates to the lamp are embedded in the thickness of the
cover and sides both of which I prefer to make of gutta percha; the wires in the cover
and sides each terminating in plates which bear on one another when the cover is
screwed on. The terminals are spread out into curved plates to form the lamp holder
in the ordinary way.
The glow lamp is protected by cap and glass and this is so arranged that it cannot
be taken off without uncovering the battery so that the removal of the lamp cannot
take place whilst the battery is in operation and therefore there is no liability to
sparking from this cause.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF. THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view of a battery lamp constructed according to my invention.
Figure 2 is a front view.
Figure 3 is a section on the line XX Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a plan of the inner cover.
Figure 5 is an underside view of the cover showing the elements and
Figure 6 is a plan of the lamp with the cover removed.
a is a cylindrical vessel.
In place of being a circular section as shown it may be
of square or other section.
ed is the cover, it is held down by the nut b. I prefer
to make this cover and secure the elements to it in the following manner but as these
arrangements form the subject of another application I make no claim to them under
this patent. The cover is made in two parts cand d. The inner cover c is provided
on its inner side with a face c¹ of vulcanised india rubber the edges of this bear upon the
upper edge of the vessel a and make a liquid tight joint. ff are the carbon elements,
they are held by rivets in clips ff (see Figure 3) and these clips have stems f
passing up into holes in the cover c and receiving nuts f³ which are sunk into
recesses. The clips are coated with marine glue. gg are the zinc elements, they
have screw stems which screw into nuts g ' let into the cover on the outer side.
gg² are rings of vulcanised india rubber placed around the zincs to prevent their
upper ends being dissolved. At oo two small nuts are let into the cover c on the inner
side and these serve to secure the outer cover d.
The connections are made by wires laid in grooves on the under side of the cover c,
the grooves are filled over the connecting wires with marine glue and the india
rubber covers them so as to prevent any access of the battery-solution to the
connections. e is a screw to receive the nut by preference it passes through the
battery as shown.
pare partitions dividing the vessel a into radial cells. is a glow lamp. The
wires in the cover terminate in the plates j, j, and the wires in the side terminate in
the plates k, k. The plates j, j, and k, k, bear upon one another when the cover is
screwed down.
The terminals of the wires in the sides of the vessel a are spread ont into the curved
plates 1, 1, which form the lamp holder in the ordinary way. m is a glass cap
protecting the glow lamp-this cap is prevented from being removed, until the battery
is uncovered, by a hasp n.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A single fluid battery consisting of a cylindrical vessel of circular or other
section and a cover fitting tightly on to it to which elements of about half the length of
the vessel are attached so that by inverting the vessel the battery can be put out of
operation substantially as described.
2. A battery lamp consisting of a cylindrical vessel of circular or other section a
cover fitting tightly on to it to which elements of about half the length of the vessel
are attached and a glow lamp carried by the cylindrical vessel the wires leading from
the battery elements to the lamp being embedded in the cover and sides the whole
arranged so that by inverting the vessel the battery can be put out of operation
substantially as described.
3. A miners lamp or other lamp battery substantially as described and consisting
of a vessel with radial partitions, a cover to which elements of about half the length
of the cell are attached; a stem fixed in the vessel and passing through the centre of
the cover; a screw nut or fastening upon the stem serving to secure the cover; and
the whole so arranged that by inverting the vessel the battery can be put out of
operation.
4.-In battery lamps protecting the glow lamp by a glass which is prevented from
being removed while the battery is in operation substantially as described.
5. Apparatus substantially as described and shown by the annexed drawings.