IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AËRATED WATERS OR BEVERAGES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Bennett of Ludgate Hill in the City of London
Glass and China Manufacturer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AËRATED WATERS OR BEVERAGES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Bennett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1883.
"
FREDERICK BENNETT of Ludgate Hill in the City of London China and Glass
Manufacturer IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AERATED
WATERS OR BEVERAGES
دو
My Invention bas for its object to provide a cheap and efficient apparatus
whereby aërated waters or beverages can be readily and safely produced at a low
cost and in considerable quantity to render the said apparatus suited to the
requirements of families Hotels and the like. The said apparatus is especially
designed to be made of earthenware but may also be made of Glass or metal lined
with other materials unacted upon by the materials used. I will describe the
apparatus as constructed of earthenware.
'1
In constructing an apparatus according to my Invention, I provide a vessel
constituting a Gas generator with which is combined an acid receiver. The Gas
generator communicates at its upper part by a passage with the lower part of a
gas washer and purifier which communicates at its upper part by a passage with
another vessel constituting the receptacle from which the aërated water heverage
is drawn off. I prefer to construct and combine these parts so that
virtually one apparatus complete in itself.-The vessels constituting the gas
generator and the beverage receptacle are united at their sides when the material
of which they are made is in a plastic state or by cement or otherwise.-Long
channels or half tubes are formed in the exterior sides of the said Vessels and
corresponding channels or half tubes are formed in the exterior sides of the gas
washer or purifier so that when the said washer or purifier is joined to the sides of
the other two vessels the said long channels or half tubes form between them
the passages giving the communications from vessel to vessel as before described.
The openings from these passages to the lower parts of the Vessels are preferably

page_text: made by small and numerous perforations to disperse the gas.-The acid receiver
consists of a vessel which is provided with an opening closed by a stopper, and
which is held in an opening in the upper part of the gas generator the joint being
preferably made by a species of gas tight bayonet joint fastening-The said acid
receiver has a small hole at bottom and at its upper part an air hole opening into
the gas generator-To prevent overfilling there are openings in branches at the
side of each vessel at the highest level to which the liquid is to be filled into the
respective vessels the said openings being closed by gas tight plugs and a safety
valve or valves is or are provided for preventing excess of pressure in the vessels-
The beverage receptacle is provided with a tap for drawing off the contents as
required and the holes for the stem of this tap as also the holes for the safety
valves are made conical with the narrow mouth outwards the better to contain the
cement for holding in the tap or valve
In using the apparatus all the plugs are removed and the beverage receptacle
is filled with the liquid to be aërated-The gas washer or purifier is filled with
clean water and the stopper thereof is replaced-Carbonate is put into the Gas
generator. into which water is poured and the stopper is then closed and liquid
acid is put in the acid receiver and the stopper thereof is closed-The said acid
will drip down through the hole in the lower part of the said receptacle into the
gas generator and the gas generated will expel the air by the opening in the
beverage receptacle and then the stopper of that receptacle is closed and the liquid
in the receptacle will become saturated with the gas until the requisite saturation
and pressure is reached when the safety valves will blow off any excess of gas-
If the beverage container be filled with dilute extract of malt and hops and be
aërated as described an unfermented beer or ale is produced
If preferred the gas washer or purifier can be dispensed with and in this case
the gas generator will communicate by a passage as described directly with the
beverage container

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Bennett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th October 1883.
FREDERICK BENNETT of Ludgate Hill in the City of London China and Glass
Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AËRATED
WATERS OR BEVERAGES"
My Invention has for its object to provide a cheap and efficient apparatus
whereby aëreated waters or beverages can be readily and cheaply produced at a
low cost and in considerable quantity to render the said apparatus suited to the
requirements of families hotels and the like-The said apparatus may be made of
earthenware or of glass or metal lined with other materials unacted upon by the
materials used or it may be made of any suitable material or combinations of
materials.
In constructing an apparatus according to my Invention I provide a vessel
constituting a Gas generator with which is combined an acid receiver from which
the acid passes to the alkali contained in the gas generator. The gas generator
communicates at its upper part by a passage with the lower part of a gas washer
and purifier which communicates at its upper part by a passage with another
vessel constituting the receptacle from which the aërated water or beverage is
drawn off. The washer or purifier can however be dispensed with in which case
the gas generator communicates directly with the beverage container. I prefer to
construct and combine these parts so that they all constitute virtually one apparatus
complete in itself as hereinafter described. .
And in Order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer
to the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts in both the figures.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section and Figure 2 in horizontal section (on
the line 1-2 figure 1) an apparatus constructed or arranged according to my
Invention from which the purifier or washer is omitted.
The vessel A is pre-
ferably made of strong wrought iron or steel the ends being fixed in place so as
to stand the requisite degree of pressure; in the drawing solder is shewn as the
means of fastening but screws rivets bolts and nuts or other fastening may be
used. This vessel is the beverage container and is that from which the beverage
is drawn off by means of any suitable tap a. Inside the vessel A is the gas
generator B. (which may be of Earthenware) consisting of the vessel b with which
is combined the acid receiver b³. The interior of the said gas generator communi-
cates at its upper part by means of a pipe or passage C with the receptacle A.
The acid receiver communicates with the vessel b by a pipe or perforation d and
there is a pipe or passage e for the passage of the gas from the lower to the upper
part of the gas generator. The acid is introduced into the Receiver through the
pipe or inlet f and the Alkali is introduced into the vessel b by the inlet g. h is a
pipe or inlet by which the water or liquid to be aërated is introduced into the
vessel A or when a crystallized acid is used such for instance as tartaric acid or
Citric acid the carbonate and acid in requisite proportions may be introduced
together into the vessel b and the requisite quantity of water for solution may be
put into the receiver 6 then the gradual falling of the water will effect the
solution, and decomposition of the carbonate will ensue and liberate the carbonic
acid gas. The junctions of the parts of the apparatus are effected in any suitable
way to insure gas tight closure and capability of withstanding the pressure
generated. For example the openings where the earthenware parts of the gas
generator pass through the vessel A may be made gas tight by Tin solder i on tin
nozzles i cast on the earthenware projections be the joints at k may be made with
india rubber tubing. The stoppers or caps are screwed on (having india rubbeṛ

page_text: washers to give tight closure) and the tap is securely affixed by soldering or other-
wise for the same purpose. To prevent-over filling in putting in the liquids the
inlets fh open at the highest level to which the vessels are to be filled. The
apparatus as described in Iron or steel will bear a very great pressure with perfect
safety but where only low pressures are to be withstood the apparatus may be
made entirely of earthenware in which case the gas generator and the beverage
receptacle may be united at their sides when the material of which they are made
is in a plastic state or by cement or otherwise in which case the communicating
passage or passages may be made by forming channels or half tubes in the sides of
tbe said vessels so that the said long channels or half tubes form between them
the passages giving the communications from vessel to vessel; or tubes of Earthen-
ware may be employed. The openings from these passages may be made by small
and numerous perforations to disperse the gas. A safety valve or valves may be
provided for preventing excess of pressure in the vessels but where the vessel A is
of metal these will not be found necessary.
When the apparatus is made in Earthenware in order to ensure gas. tightness
the hole for the stem of the tap a and the hole for the safety valve or valves if
such be used are preferably made conical with the narrow mouth outwards the
said conical holes being for containing the cement for holding in the tap or valve.
If a gas washer or purifier be used it will be simply a vessel into the lower part
of which the pipe C will open a similar pipe forming a communication from the
upper part of the said washer or purifier to the interior of the vessel A. there being
communications to the exterior of the vessel A for filling the washer or purifier
with water and for discharging. In using the apparatus all the plugs or caps are
removed and the beverage receptacle A is filled with the liquid to be aërated.
The gas washer or purifier (if such be used) is filled with clean water and the
stopper thereof is replaced. Carbonate of Soda or any other suitable carbonate is
put into the Gas generator by the passage g and the stopper is then closed and
diluted Sulphuric acid, Tartaric or other suitable acid is put in the acid receiver b²
by the passage f. The said acid will drip down through the hole or tube d onto
the contents of the vessel b and the gas generated will expel the air and then the
stoppers of all the inlets are closed and the liquid in the receptacle A will become
saturated with the Gas. I also use this apparatus for making an unfermented
Beer or Ale by filling the beverage container with dilute extract of malt and hops
and then aërating as described when an unfermented beer or ale is produced.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore
in part recited Letters Patent is :-
-
An apparatus for preparing aërated waters or beverages consisting of a Gas
Generator and receptacle for the water or liquid to be aërated the said parts being
arranged and combined so as to communicate and operate to produce the desired
result by simply placing the ingredients in their respective receptacles substan-
tially as described and explained with reference to the accompanying drawing
whether there be used or be not used in combination there with a gas purifier or
washer as mentioned.
In witness whereof I the said Frederick Bennett have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal this First day of October One thousand eight hundred
and eighty thron