Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lamps.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 10th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 10th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lamps.
I, ADOLF WENZEL, of Czernowitz, in the Province of Bukowina, Austrian Empire
Professor of Chemistry at the Franz Josef University, do hereby declare the nature o
this invention to be as follows:―
This invention relates to incandescent gas lamps, in which a body capable of
irradiating considerable light when in the incandescent state is heated by the com-
bustion of a suitable gas, and the invention bas for its purpose to provide an
incandescent gas lamp well adapted for use in the inverted position, viz., so as to cast
light downward.
According to the invention, a burning jet of an inflammable mixture of gases is
directed toward the incandescing body, which is conveniently supported on several
points of its circumference, and may be made in the shape of a disc, grating, pencil, etc.
The burner used is by preference formed of two concentric nozzles through either of
which illuminating gas, water gas, hydrogen gas, etc., flows under pressure and thereby
sucks through the other nozzle atmospheric air or oxygen gas, with which it mixes
on issuing; or both gases may be supplied under pressure.
For making the incandescing body, which is by preference formed of oxide of
magnesium (magnesia), the pulverised material is pressed into moulds under high
pressure. Discs or plates of inagnesia may advantageously be made by first preparing
nitrate of magnesium, then melting it and so heating it as to cause its partial decom-
position, when the desired plates or discs are cast of the molten mass. When the
plates or discs have solidified, they are heated again for driving out the last traces of
nitrogenous oxides and for hardening them at once.
Dated this 10th day of March 1890.
A. WENZEL,
Per L. W.
+
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lamps.
I, ADOLF WENZEL of Czernowitz, in the Province of Bukowina, Austrian Empire,
Professor of Chemistry at the Franz Josef University, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement -
In an incandescent gas lamp according to this invention a stream of illuminating
gas into which air; or a combustible gas, or a gas capable of supporting combustion is
blown or drawn, is caused to issue from the burner tube and to impinge against an
incandescing body of suitable form which, when brought to glow heat by the flame,
emits a bright white light.
In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 illustrates in vertical section an arrangement
of incandescence gas lamp according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevation illustrating another arrangement.
"
Fig. 3 illustrates in plan a convenient mode of fixing the incandescing body shown
in Fig. 1.
-a-and bare tubes-arranged-one within the other the inner tube-projecting in the
manner of a nozzle into the burner proper c.
Through either of the said tubes a, b, illuminating gas is passed, and through the
other tube is passed oxygen, hydrogen, water gas, oxy-hydrogen gas, or air either
singly or mixed together.
The mixture composed of illuminating gas and the other gas or gaseous mixture
employed, is ignited and impinges against an incandescence body which is carried

page_text: by a suitable adjnstable holder or stirrup-shaped piece d, whereby the said incandescence
body is brought to an intense white heat by the flame of the gaseous mixture.
The incandescence body h may be made in the form of a plate, net, rod, or grating,
or as a hanging rod or rodę.
In the arrangement shewn in Fig. 1, the incandescence body is in the form of a
disc which is held in clamps g, the ends of which are situated in grooves in projections f
attached to the free ends of the depending arms d.
The whole device, may be enclosed in a glass globe as shown in Fig. 1, or in a pear-
shaped glass receiver as shown in Fig. 2, which is connected to the gas supply pipe
in any suitable manuer, but so as to leave apertures for the exit of the products of
combustion. The disc or part may be inade of any of the known bodies, preferably
of oxide of magnesium, possessing the property of emitting an intense light when
brought to a glow heat. According to my invention, these incandescence bodies are
placed in the form of powder in a press and subjected to great pressure so as to form
them into bodies having the desired shape such as discs, rods or the like.
When oxide of magnesium is employed, it must, previous to the pressing opera-
tion, he nitrated-and-it-is-preferably-treated-in-the manner-hereinafter described, in
order to enable it to be cast.
For this purpose, the oxide of magnesium is first nitrated by means of nitric acid;
then the magnesium-nitrate-thus-produced-is-heated-until-decomposition-commences,
and after the nitrogen oxides have been driven off, it is poured in a molten condition
on plates covered with paper. The paper covering is simply to prevent the molten
mass from adhering to its backing or foundation.
The discs thus produced are, when solidified, again heated in order to thoroughly
complete the decomposition, to drive off the last traces of nitrogen oxides, and to
obtain pure oxide of magnesium. This second heating operation does not melt the
mass, but causes it to harden.
The process herein before described enables incandescence bodies to be made
from melted oxide of inagnesium in the form of very hard, and durable plates
or discs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. An incandescence gas lamp having tubes a & b arranged one within the other
and one of which serves as a gas supply tube, and the other for the introduction either
singly or mixed of oxygen, hydrogen, water gas, oxy-hydrogen gas, or air, and an
incandescence body h of suitable form such as a disc, rod, or grating made adjustable,
and arranged in such a manner that the gaseous mixture flowing from the burner and
consisting of illuminating gas and of one or more of the above mentioned gases,
when ignited, impinges against the incandescence body substantially as herein
described.
2. For an incandescence gas lamp of the kind referred to in claim 1, an incan-
descence body in the form of a disc, rod, net, or grating formed by subjecting a
refractory body such as oxide of magnesium in a powdered state to great pressure
as set forth.
3. For an incandescence gas lamp of the kind referred to in claim 1, the production
of a cast incandescence body of suitable form such as a disc or plate of magnesium
oxide, by nitrating oxide of magnesium then heating the same until decomposition
sets in and the nitrogen oxides have been driven off then casting the molten mass on
a plate and after the mass has solidified, hardening the same by again heating as set
forth.
D
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