IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I GEORGE HAYCRAFT of Lyme Regis in the County of Dorsetshire Cement
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
FILTERS to be as follows:—
My filter consists of a case for holding certain filtering material and the
adaptation of such material for the purpose of filtering water or other liquids for
domestic or other purposes.
The case consists of a body for holding the filtering material, and a lid or cover
to fix on by a screw or other suitable means to the said body in order to compress
the filtering material next to the inner side or sides of the case or body so that
the passage shall be prevented of any unfiltered water by leakage. To this body
is attached a pipe for the delivery of the filtered water. The lid has a circular
indentation which when screwed or otherwise pressed home on to the body
compresses the filtering material against a similar indentation in the bottom of
the body, these indentations forming raised rings or projections within the body.
The lid is perforated with holes for the ingress of the water or other fluid to the
surface of the filtering material. The holder, lid and discharge pipe may be of
metal glass, porcellaine, vulcanite or other material.
The filtering material is composed of compressed, woven or felted wool or other
fibre and may be applied in one or more thicknesses. Preferably the compound
layers should be used as there is greater convenience for ascertaining the condition
of the filter and removing the impurities retained by the filtering material and
which material can be washed cleansed and replaced.
When more than one layer is employed the top one retains the dirt on its
surface and none passes on to the other layers the top layer can in this case be
taken out and cleansed and replaced as often as needful.
The body of the filter may be made of any required dimensions or form. In its
simplest state it is a small cylinder about two inches in diameter and about the
same in length with a perforated screwed cover or lid and a small egress pipe. In
this form it can be attached to ordinary water-holders and the filtered water
discharged into decanters or bottles. Or by attaching an elastic tube to the egress

page_text: pipe the filter can be immersed in a pond or river or otherwise and clean water
got up by suction. For tanks cisterns kitchen boilers and other larger require.
ments my filter can be made of any dimensions or configuration say in rectangular
cases of iron or other material closed by a lid or other suitable means for holding
and compressing the filtering material in the manner above described. The access
of the water or fluid to the filtering material within the body may be from beneath
through an open bottom if preferable for the work to be done in which case the
egress pipe would pass through the filtering material so as to take the filtered
water or fluid from the upper surface of the filtering material. In some cases the
filtering material if made thick could be used entirely unenclosed by means of an
egress pipe inserted into but not through the filtering material.
2
•

page_text: Improvements in Filters.
I GEORGE HAYCRAFT of Lyme Regis in the County of Dorsetshire Cement
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN FILTERS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention consists of a Filter consisting of a case for holding certain
filtering material and the adaptation of such material for the purpose of filtering
water or other liquids for domestic or other purposes.
The case consists of a body for holding the filtering material and a lid or cover
to fix on by a screw or other suitable means to the said body in order to compress
the filtering material next the inner side or sides of the case or body so that the
passage shall be prevented of any unfiltered water by leakage.
•
To this body is attached a pipe for the delivery of the filtered water. The lid
has a circular indentation which when screwed or otherwise pressed home on to
the body compresses the filtering material against a similar indentation 'in the
bottom of the body. These indentations form raised rings or projections within
the body. The lid is perforated with holes for the ingress of the water or other
fluid to the surface of the filtering material. The holder or body, lid and discharge
pipe may be of metal, glass porcellain, vulcanite or other material.
The filtering material is composed of compressed, woven, or felted wool or other
fibre and may be applied in one or more thicknesses. Preferably the compound
layers should be used as there is greater convenience for ascertaining the condition
of the filter and removing the impurities retained by the filtering material and
which material can be washed cleaned and replaced.
When more than one layer is employed the top one retains the dirt on its '
surface and none goes to the other layers. The top layer can in this case be taken
out, cleaned and replaced as often as needful.
The body of the filter may be made of any required dimensions or form. In its
simplest state it is a small cylinder about two inches in diameter and about the
same in length with a perforated screwed cover or lid and a small egress pipe. In
this form it can be attached to ordinary water-holders and the filtered water
discharged into decanters or bottles. Or by attaching an elastic tube to the egress
pipe the filter can be immersed in a pond or river or otherwise and clean water
got up by suction.
•
.
For tanks, cisterns, kitchen-boilers and other larger requirements my filter can
be made of any dimensions or configuration say in rectangular cases of iron or
other material closed by a lid or by other suitable means for holding and
compressing the filtering material in the manner above described.
The access of the water or fluid to the filtering material within the body may
be from beneath through an open space or bottom if it be preferable that the
filtering work should be done in that manner and in this case the egress pipe
would pass through the filtering material so as to take the filtered water or fluid
from the upper surface of the filtering material.

page_text: In some cases the filtering material if made thick could be used entirely
uninclosed by means of an egress pipe inserted through, or into but not through
the filtering material.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1. Cylindrical Filter for ordinary use-a a¹. The body or case: 66¹ the
lid to screw on: cccc the annular indentations to compress the discs of fibrous
filtering material d'.dd; e egress pipe for filtered liquid.
Fig. 2. The lid of the above showing perforations f and the annular indenta-
tions c.
Fig. 3. Square or cubical filter for larger purposes than Fig. 1-a a¹ metal
frame three of which constitute the body or case: the filtering material:
ggggv bolts passing through the three frames: h¹¹¹ h¹ hIY nuts screwing
frames tight on bolts for compressing the two layers of filtering material: o egress
pipe for filtered fluid.
Fig. 4. Another view of the foregoing filter showing:-The body or case a² all a¹ll:
the bolts g g for screwing it upon the fibrous filtering material d¹¹¹ by means
of the nuts h¹ h¹ hve the egress pipe for the filtered liquid.
Fig. 5. The filter arranged for filtering from below upwards :-a at the body or
case: 6b the screw lid: cccc the projections for compression of the two discs
of fibrous filtering material d d e opening for passage of filtered water or liquid:
ii open ring-bottom of case or body: o orifice by which fluid to be filtered has
ingress to the filtering material d¹ du: k portion of tank.
Fig. 6. Plan of portion of tank showing orifice in which filter is attached as
above.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim' is
(1.) The use of a fibrous filtering material in disks squares or other suitable
form held in a case or frame so constructed as by indentations or otherwise to
compress the filtering material at its junction with the case or frame and thus
prevent leakage there of unfiltered water or liquid substantially as described.
(2.) The use of multiple layers of fibrous filtering material as above described.
(3.) The use of fibrous filtering materials in unprotected discs, cubes, or other
suitable forms with egress pipes for the filtered Huid inserted partially in or
wholly through them, substantially as described.
(4.) The application of the filter to cans, buckets, tanks and the like in such
mauner as to allow water or other liquids to filter upwards from an unfiltered body
of water or other liquid below, substantially as described above.
Dated this Fifteenth day of October 1885