IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING THE PILE ON WCOLLEN AND OTHER CLOTHS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Kempe and Arthur Kempe, both of
Holbeck Mills, Leeds, in the County of York, Machinists, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING THE PILE ON
WCOLLEN AND OTHER CLOTHS."
"3.
Sealed the 28th February 1871, and dated the 19th September 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Kempe and
Arthur Kempe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 19th September 1870.
We, WILLIAM KEMPE and ARTHUR KEMPE, both of Holbeck Mills,
Leeds, in the County of York, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING THE
PILE ON WOOLLEN AND OTHER CLOTHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
raising the pile on woollen and other cloths, so as to facilitate the
process and economize labour.

page_text: In dressing woollen and other cloth at the raising or gig mill the
cloth is put on longitudinally with the two ends sewed or fastened
together, so that by means of the drawing mechanism it is brought
under the action of the teazers or other medium in the form of an
endless web. It is the usual custom in raising the pile on these cloths to
alternate the direction in which the teazel or other appliance acts upon
the piece running it from the tail end to the fore end, and then changing
from the fore end to the tail end, and so alternately until the process
is completed. The ordinary way of doing this is to take the piece off the
machine and put it on again in the opposite direction to that in which it
had been before, but this involves a great loss of time and labour.
Various plans have been adopted to overcome this by reversing the
drawing gear and the direction of the raising cylinder, but all, so far as
we are aware, require the changing direction of the teazels or other
appliance, a process occupying time and reducing the effective power or
result of the machine; for it is evident that changing the direction of
the raising cylinder without changing the direction of the points or hooks
of the teazels or other appliance would be worse than useless, inasmuch
as the hooks or points of the teazels are set at an angle to meet the piece,
and at every reversing of the drawing gear and cylinder these must be
reversed also.
Now our Invention has for its object the working of the raising or gig
mill, so as to “traverse" the piece at the will of the operator, without
either taking the piece off the machine or reversing the raising cylinder,
and consequently not requiring the changing of the direction of the
teazels. In order to accomplish this we make the upper part of the
machine containing the drawing gear, the trough or scray for holding
the piece, together with the racks, slides, and breast rollers free to rotate
on a vertical axis, independent of but immediately over the raising
cylinder, from which it will be seen that supposing the piece to be
running in reference to the raising cylinder from the tail end to the fore
end by simply turning the afore-named portion of the machine half
round the action is at once changed from the fore end to the tail end.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 18th March 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
KEMPE and ARTHUR KEMPE, both of Holbeck Mills, Leeds, in the
County of York, Machinists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of September, in the.
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-.
fourth year of Her reign, did, for. Herself, Her heirs and successors,.
give and grant unto us, the said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe,.
Her special licence that we, the said William Kempe and Arthur
Kempe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed; sliould and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOB RAISING THE PILE ON WOOLLEN AND OTHER CLOTHS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their hands and seals, or under tlio band and seal of one of us or
them, should. particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Kempe, on behalf of
myself and the said Arthur Kempe, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-

page_text: raising the pile on woollen and other cloths, so as to facilitate the
process and economize labour.
In dressing woollen and other cloth at the raising or gig mill the
cloth is put on longitudinally with the two ends sewed or fastened
together, so that by means of the drawing mechanism it is brought
under the action of the teazles or other medium in the form of an
endless web. It is the usual custom in raising the pile on these cloths
to alternate the direction in which the teazle or other appliance acts
upon the piece, running it from the tail end to the fore end and then
changing from the fore end to the tail end, and so alternately until the
process is completed. The ordinary way of doing this is to take the
piece off the machine and put it on again in the opposite direction to
that in which it had been before, but this involves a great loss of time
and labour.
Various plans have been adopted to overcome this by reversing the
drawing gear and the direction of the raising cylinder, but all, so far as
we are aware, requiring the changing the direction of the teazels or other
appliance, a process occupying time and reducing the effective power or
result of the machine; for it is evident that changing the direction of
the raising cylinder without changing the direction of the points or hooks
of the teazles or other appliance would be worse than useless, inasmuch
as the hooks or points of the teazles are set at an angle to meet the piece,
and at every reversing of the drawing gear and cylinder these must be
reversed also.
Now our Invention has for its object the working of the raising or gig
mill, so as to traverse" the piece at the will of the operator without
either taking the piece off the machine or reversing the raising cylinder,
and consequently not requiring the changing of the direction of the
teazles. In order to accomplish this we make the upper part of the
machine containing the drawing gear, the trough or scray for holding
the piece, together with the racks, slides, and breast rollers, free to
rotate on a vertical axis, independent of but immediately over the
raising cylinder, from which it will be seen that supposing the piece
to be running in reference to the raising cylinder from the tail end
to the fore end, by simply turning the afore-named portion of the
machine half round the action is at once changed from the fore end
to the tail end.
T

page_text: The Drawings hereunto annexed represent a machine for raising the
pile on woollen and other cloths, arranged in the manner we prefer for
earrying out our Invention.
Figure 1 shews an end view, and Figure 2 a front view, partly in
section, of the machine.
In these Figures A is the framing of the machine composed of two
end frames connected at the top by a central longitudinal cross rail B,
and by other cross rails at the back and front of the machine; C is the
scray,
also formed with two end frames connected at the top by a central
longitudinal cross rail. This rail carries at its centre a vertical pivot D,
which is received in suitable bearings in the bar B. On the top of the
pivot is fixed a bevil wheel E, into which gears a bevil pinion on the
shaft F, and this shaft by other bevil gear is connected with the vertical
shaft G at one end of the machine, so that by turning this shaft by the
hand wheel upon it the scray can be caused to turn upon its central
pivot. Or in place of this the scray may simply be swung round by
hand. The sides of the scray have fitted to them cross shafts with chain
pullies fixed upon them to carry endless chains fitted with laths to form
a travelling dish scray of the usual construction. H is the raising
cylinder, having around its periphery bars carrying teazles, as is usual;
this cylinder when in action is driven continuously in one direction by a
driving strap working with the fast and loose pullies I, I. The shaft of
the raising cylinder at its opposite end is geared by bevil gear with a
vertical shaft K, which at its upper end is similarly geared with a short
horizontal shaft L, on which is a toothed wheel M, which by other
toothed wheels transmits motion to two toothed wheels N, N; these
wheels give motion to the drawing rollers O, O, which serve alternately
to gather the cloth into the scray and deliver it out therefrom. The
rollers O are mounted at the back and front of the scray, and they have
fixed upon them at both ends toothed wheels P, P. By turning the
scray half round upon its central pivot the toothed wheels P at either
end of the rollers O can be brought into gear with the toothed wheels N.
When the scray is to be turned round the wheels N are raised by
eccentrics Q, so as to be out of gear with the wheels P, and when the
scray has been turned half round the wheels N are again lowered to
bring them into gear with the other wheels P, which by the turning of
the scray have been brought below them. After the scray has been

page_text: turned into one or other position it is locked by a suitable catch; this
catch is not shown in the Drawing. R,.R, are slotted rollers through
which the cloth is passed, and which are for putting on tension as is
usual; S, S, are the breast rollers, the 'axes of these rollers are received
into slots formed at the ends of curved racks T, T, which can slide to
and fro in corresponding guides carried by projections on the under side
of the end frame of the scray; V, V,. are pinions gearing with the
racks T; these pinions can be driven by a worm and worm wheel
gearing, as shewn. By turning the worm by the crank handle W on its
axis the breast rollers can be moved to or from one another to draw the
cloth more or less over the periphery of the raising cylinder as desired..
The cloth is indicated. by dotted lines in the Drawing..
The action of the machine is as follows:-After the cloth has been
acted upon in one direction by the raising cylinder for any desired length
of time, the machine is stopped, and the breast rollers are by turning
the handle W drawn towards one another, so as to set the cloth free
from the raising cylinder. The toothed wheels N are raised out of gear
with the wheels P, and the scray is turned half round by turning the
hand wheel on the shaft G. The scray is then again locked, the wheels N
are lowered into gear, the breast rollers are moved away from one another
to stretch the cloth over the raising cylinder, and the machine is again
set in motion, the direction or traverse of the fabric being changed, and
that without either changing the direction of rotation of the cylinder,
removing the teazles, or taking off the piece.
We would observe, that in place of the scray being mounted on a central
pivot, as above described, that a frame carrying the axis of the raising
cylinder or raising mechanism might similarly be caused to swivel on
a central pivot whilst the scray remained stationary; but in this case
the motion of the machine would have to be reversed each time that the
frame carrying the cylinders was turned half round. We however
prefer to employ the arrangement of mechanism above described and
shown by the Drawing annexed.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the manner
of performing the same, we would have it understood that what
we claim is, the combination of machinery, substantially as herein
described, for raising the pile on woollen and other cloths, whereby

page_text: the action of the raising cylinder upon the cloth may be reversed
without removing the cloth from the scray or reversing the teazles
upon the raising cylinder.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Kempe, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
WILL. KEMPE. (L.S.)