IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE DATRO
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Warman, of the City of Bristol, Commercial
Traveller, and James Strange Bremner, of Coalbrookdale, in the County of
Salop, Commercial Traveller, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE
DATRO"
Sealed the 9th April 1880, and dated the 13th November 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Warman and
James Strange Bremner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
13th November 1879.
WILLIAM HENRY WARMAN, of the City of Bristol, Commercial Traveller, and
JAMES STRANGE BREMNER, of Coalbrookdale, in the County of Salop, Commercial
Traveller. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE GRATES."
Our Invention relates principally to grates known in commerce as register stove
grates and sham register grates, but may also be applied to other fire grates, as
herein after pointed out; and our said Invention consists, first, of the improve-
ments herein after described in the construction and adaptation of those parts of
the said grates called the "splays" or "cheeks," that is, the vertical parts or sides
which are external to the outline of the front of the grate, and are situated
between the sides of the grate and the sides of the mantelpiece to which the grate
is applied.
By constructing and adapting the splays or cheeks according to this part of our
Invention the same grate may either be set with a flat front or with a recessed fire
or with a projecting fire at pleasure.
Instead of making the splays or cheeks of the grate in one piece with the grate
proper, as usual, we make the said splays or cheeks separate from the grate proper,
and connect them with the grate by hinges or other like appliances, such as pivots,
so that the front of the body of the grate and the splays or cheeks can be fixed in
the same plane, or the splays or cheeks fixed at any desired inclination, either
inwards or outwards to the front of the grate. When a fire grate with a flat front
is required the grate and the splays or cheeks are fixed in the same plane. When
a recessed fire is required the splays or cheeks are turned outwards and fixed so as
to make the required obtuse angle with the front of the grate, and when a pro-
jecting fire is required the splays or cheeks are turned back or inwards, and fixed
at the required obtuse angle to the front of the grate in the opposite direction to

page_text: that last described. In this way any one of the three forms of grate described may
be arranged at the will of the person setting the grate.
In addition to the facilities with which the position of the splays or cheeks of
the grate with respect to the front of the grate may be changed, our Invention has
the further advantage that the splays or cheeks can be readily detached from the
grate, and others of a different pattern or kind substituted therefor.
Splays or cheeks constructed according to our Invention may consist either of
metallic frames, in which ornamental tiles are fixed, or of ornamental plates of cast
iron, brass, or other metal or alloy, or of other material not injuriously affected by
the heat to which the splays or cheeks of the grate are exposed.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in the following method of securing the
ornamental tiles to the splays or cheeks of grates:-
Instead of fixing the said tiles directly in the splays or cheeks we fix them in
a separate frame, which frame is connected to the splay or cheek so that it can be
readily removed with the tiles from the front of the grate without disturbing the
fixing for the purpose of repair, or for changing the tiles, or for gaining access to
the brick work of the grate, and is readily replaced.
The separate tile frame may be fixed in its place in the splay or cheek, and
detached therefrom by the driving home or withdrawing of a single screw.
The said tile frame is provided at the back part of its vertical edges with small
snugs or projections having screwed holes. These snugs are at distances apart equal
to the height of one of the tiles. The tiles are put in their places in the tile frame
by a sliding notion, and are fixed by screws screwed in the snugs described, the
ends of the screws bearing against the tiles, a washer of india rubber or other
yielding material being by preference introduced between the end of the screw and
the back of the tile. We do not however limit ourselves to this method of fixing
the tiles in the separate tile frames, as they may be fixed by cement or otherwise,
but the method of fixing described is simple and efficient, and permits of the ready
insertion and removal of the whole or any part of the tiles.
Although our Invention is principally applicable to the fire grates herein before
enumerated, yet it may also be applied to other fire grates, such for example as fire
grates having the ordinary bottom grates, or fire grates fitted with brick interiors
to form slow combustion grates of the kind known in commerce as the country
parson's grate.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Henry Warman and James Strange Bremner in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 7th May 1880.
WILLIAM HENRY WARMAN, of the City of Bristol, Commercial Traveller, and
JAMES STRANGE BREMNER, of Coalbrookdale, in the County of Salop, Commercial
Traveller. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE GRATES."
Our Invention relates principally to grates known in commerce as register stove
grates and sham register grates, but may also be applied to other fire grates,
as herein after pointed out; and our said Invention consists, first, of the improve-
ments herein after described in the construction and adaptation of those parts of
the said grates called the "splays" or "cheeks," that is, the vertical parts or sides
which are external to the outline of the front of the grate, and are situated
between the sides of the grate and the sides of the mantelpiece to which the grate
is applied.
By constructing and adapting the splays or cheeks according to this part of our
Invention the same grate may either be set with a flat front, or with a recessed
fire or with a projecting fire at pleasure.
Instead of making the splays or cheeks of the grate in one piece with the grate
proper, as usual, we make the said splays or cheeks separate from the grate proper,
and connect them with the grate by hinges or other like appliances, such as pivots,
so that the front of the body of the grate and the splays or cheeks can be fixed in
the same plane, or the splays or cheeks fixed at any desired inclination either
inwards or outwards to the front of the grate.
When a fire grate with a flat front is required the grate and the splays or cheeks
are fixed in the same plane. When a recessed fire is required the splays or cheeks
are turned outwards and fixed so as to make the required obtuse angle with the
front of the grate, and when a projecting fire is required the splays or cheeks are
turned back or inwards, and fixed at the required obtuse angle to the front of the
grate in the opposite direction to that last described. In this way any one of
the three forms of grate described may be arranged at the will of the person setting
the grate.
In addition to the facilities with which the position of the splays or cheeks of
the grate with respect to the front of the grate may be changed, our Invention bas
the further advantage that the splays or cheeks can be readily detached from the
grate, and others of a different pattern or kind substituted therefor.
Splays or cheeks constructed according to our Invention may consist either of
metallic frames in which ornamental tiles are fixed, or of ornamental plates of cast
iron, brass, or other metal or alloy, or of other material not injuriously affected by the
heat to which the splays or cheeks of the grate are exposed.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in the following method of securing the
ornamental tiles to the splays or cheeks of grates :—-
Instead of fixing the said tiles directly in the splays or cheeks we fix them in a
a separate frame, which frame is connected to the splay or cheek so that it can be
readily removed or slipped out with the tiles from the front of the grate without
disturbing the fixing for the purpose of repair, or for changing the tiles, or for
gaining access to the brick work of the grate, and the said tile frame is readily
replaced.
The separate tile frame may be fixed in its place in the splay or cheek, and
detached therefrom by the driving home or withdrawing of a single screw. The
said tile frame is provided at the back part of its vertical edges with a small pro-
jection having screwed holes. These holes are at distances apart equal to the
height of one of the tiles. The tiles are put in their places in the tile frame by a
aliding motion, and are fixed by screws screwed in the snugs described, the ends of

page_text: the screws bearing against the tiles, a washer of india-rubber or other yielding
material being by preference introduced between the end of the screw and the back
of the tile. We do not however limit ourselves to this method of fixing the tiles in
the separate tile frames, as they may be fixed by cement or otherwise, but the
method of fixing described, is simple and efficient, and permits of the ready insertion
and removal of the whole or any part of the tiles.
We will now describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner
in which our Invention is to be performed.
Figures 1, 2, and 3 represent front elevations of fire grates having hinged or jointed
splays or cheeks according to our Invention, the said splays or cheeks being fur-
nished with separable or "slip out" tile frames, and appliances connected therewith,
also constructed according to our Invention; Figure 4 represents in front elevation
one of the hinged splays, together with its tile frame detached from the grate;
Figures 5 and 6 represent longitudinal vertical sections drawn to a larger scale of
portions of the ends A, A³, of the hinged splay and tile frame, the said Figures 5
and 6 exhibiting the manner in which the separable tile frame is fixed in the hinged
splay Figure 7 represents in vertical section the splay and tile frame, and tiles
fixed therein; and Figure 8 represents a front elevation of the said splay, the tile
frame being removed; Figures 9 and 10 represent cross sections of the splay and
tile frame of the grate, Figure 2, the section, Figure 9, being taken on the line D,
and the section, Figure 10, being taken on the line F, Figure 2; Figures 11 and 12
represent vertical sections drawn of the full size of the hinged parts of the splays,
Figure 11 showing the hinged top part K, Figure 2, and Figure 12 representing
the hinged part at J, Figure 2.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of
the Drawing.
In the Drawing the hinged splays or cheeks in which the tiles or tile frames are
secured are marked A, A2, A3, the inner vertical edge of each splay being hinged at
J, K, (see Figure 2) to the sides of the fire grate, and the outer edge of each splay
being hinged at J, K, to the vertical strip A³ of the splay, the hinges being constructed
in the manner shown in Figures 11 and 12, that is, the ends of the top and bottom
bars A, A, and the ends of the vertical side bars or parts of the splay are engaged
and screwed together in the manner represented in the said Figures 11 and 12, 80
as to form a hinge joint. We do not however limit ourselves to this construction
of hinge joint.
In Figure 1 the hinged splays or cheeks are represented arranged and fixed in
the same plane, so as to form a flat front to the grate.
In Figure 2 the hinged splays or cheeks are represented turned outwards, so as
to form a recessed fire to the grate.
In Figure 3 the hinged splays or cheeks are represented turned inwards, so as to
form a projecting fire to the grate.
"
The top of the grate is furnished with a horizontal plate L (see Figure 3) provided
with curved or quadrant slots m, m, in which slots screwed pins or studs on the
tops of the splays work. By screwing home nuts on the said pins or studs the splay
may be fixed at the angle with respect to the grate as may have been decided on.
The hinged splays or cheeks can be readily applied to the grate, and if necessary
detached from the grate, and others of a different pattern or kind substituted.
The separable or slip out" tile frames, which are secured in the hinged splays,
are marked B, and the tiles fixed in the said frames are marked b. The vertical
back edges of the tile frame B are formed with overhanging parts e, e, (see the cross
sections, Figures 9 and 10), the tiles b being introduced into the frame by a sliding
motion. In the said overhanging parts of the tile frame are screwed holes, in which
set screws c, c, are screwed, the said screwed boles being at distances apart equal to
the height of one of the tiles b, as best seen in Figure 7. The tiles b having been
placed by a sliding motion in the tile frame B the ends of the screws c, c, are made
to bear against the tiles so as to fix them in the frame. It is preferred to place
washers d of india rubber or other yielding material between the backs of the

page_text: tiles 6 and the ends of the screws c, c, as best seen in Figures 5 and 6 of the
Drawing.
Instead of fixing the tiles 6 in the separable or slip out frames B by screws, as
represented, the said tiles may be fixed by cement or in any other convenient way.
The manner in which the tile frame B is fixed in the hinged splay A, A2, A3, is best
seen in Figures 5 and 6, that is to say, on the top of the tile frame B are lugs g,
which engage with other lugs f on the top bar A of the splay. After the tile frame
B containing the tiles b has been introduced into the splay A, A2, A³, from the front
thereof, and the lugs ƒ and g engaged together by the inclining of the tile frame
the said tile frame is fixed to the bottom bar A2 of the splay by driving home the
screw E, as best seen in Figure 6; the tile frame is thereby securely fixed in the
splay. In order to remove the tile frame it is only necessary to unscrew the screw E,
when the tile frame B may be withdrawn from the splay; thus the tile frame may
be connected with or disconnected from the splay by the driving home and with-
drawing of the single screw E.
"
Although we have represented our hinged or "adaptor" splays in conjunction
with our separable or "slip out tile frames, yet we wish it to be understood that
the tiles of the hinged splays may be secured in them in other ways, or the said
hinged splays may he made as herein before described, and the separable or slip out
tile frames may be used in conjunction with splays of the ordinary kind; and
although our Invention is principally applicable to the fire grates called register
stove grates and sham register grates, yet it may also be applied to other fire grates,
such for example as fire grates having ordinary bottom grates, or fire grates fitted
with brick interiors to form slow combustion grates of the kind known in commerce
as the country parson's grate.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our Invention
of "Improvements in Fire Grates,"
First. The improvements in constructing those parts of fire grates called the
splays or cheeks, herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing, that is to say, making the said splays or cheeks separate from the grate
and connecting them with the grate by hinges, pivots, or other like connections,
the said separate and hinged splays or cheeks permitting of the same grate being
set with a flat front, or with a recessed fire, or with a projecting fire at pleasure,
substantially as described and illustrated.
"
Secondly. The improvements in constructing separable or slip out" tile frames
for the splays or cheeks of fire grates, herein before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing, whether the said separable or slip out tile frames be used
with hinged splays or cheeks of the construction claimed in the preceding claim, or
with splays or cheeks of other construction.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Strange Bremner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
5 Witness,
HEBER RICKARDS,
Ludlow,
Shropshire.
JAMES STRANGE BREMNER. (L.S.)