IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOTTLES AND JARS OF GLASS, CLAY, GUTTA PERCHA, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL, AND CAPS AND STOPPERS FOR THE SAME, AND IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING AND Paid
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCOIS
JOSEPH BELTZUNG, 'of Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdoin of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the fifteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, . Her leirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Francois Joseph Beltzung, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Francois
Joseph Beltzung, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Francois Joseph Beltzung, my exots, admors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others; from time to time and at all times there.
after during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney,
Sark, and Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOTTLES
AND JARS OF GLASS, CLAY, GUTTA PERCHA, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL, AND
CAPS AND STOPPERS FOR THE SAME, AND IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING AND
Paid

page_text: MOULDING THE SAID MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent there is con-
tained a proviso that I, the said Francois Joseph Beltzung, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chaucery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Francois Joseph Beltzung, do hereby declare that the nature of my Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be perforined, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention relates,-
Firstly, to improvements in the manufacture of bottles and jars with
screws and inscriptions, or other devices formed upon their necks by means
of dies.
Secondly, to improvements in the manufacture of caps and stoppers for
bottles and jars. And,
Thirdly, to improvements in machinery for manufacturing such bottles,
jars, caps, and stoppers, parts of which machinery are applicable to pressing
and moulding plastic substances for other purposes.
Figure 1., Sheet 1, of the Drawings hereunto annexed, is a side view,
partly in section, shewing one of the methods of forming a screw on the neck
of a bottle, according to my Invention. A is a pedal turning upon the centre
'a, and provided with a counterpoise b. B is a connecting rod jointed at
its lower end to the pedal A, and at its upper end to a short beam D, turning
upon a pivot c in its centre. The other end of the beam D is jointed by a
short connecting rod e to a block Y, which carries the upper die C¹, and
works up and down in a guide on the pillar T. C is the lower die, which is
also fixed to a block Z working in a guide, and jointed by a short connecting
rod to a projection on the side of the connecting rod B. By placing the
foot on the treadle the two dies C, C¹, are caused to approach each other
simultaneously. Figure 2 is a front view of the machine; and Figure 3 is a
section of the upper part of the machine drawn to a larger scale. The same
letters refer to similar parts in both Figures. E is a hollow expanding
mandril passing through a slot in the connecting rod B, and consisting of
two or more parts forced apart by the spring F; and jointed to the axis of

page_text: carries the pinion M,
The wheel K carries
the endless screw L, which drives the wheel K, and
which is driven by the toothed wheel N and handle O.
an excentric pin or crank jointed by a connecting rod I to a lever or collar I
connected to the socket G, which is fitted to the mandril, and prevents it from
being expanded by the spring when it is in the position shewn in the Drawing.
The back part of the mandril is made of smaller diameter than the inside
of the socket G, so that when the socket is drawn back the mandril becomes
free to expand; and its expansion is then limited by a fixed ring H. U in
Figure 1 is an arm or bracket fixed to the pillar T, and carrying two grooved
rollers, u, which serve to support the iron rod or "punty" V, on the
end of which is fixed the bottle W. The dies C, C¹, are each formed with
a portion of a thread of a screw in their interior, so that when brought in
contact with one another the space between them forms a complete hollow
screw.
Figure 4 is a front view on a large scale of one of these dies, the meeting
edges of which are sharp and angular, in lieu of being flat, as in the dies
shewn in Figure 7. Figure 5 is a plan, and Figure 6 is a side view of the
sharp edged die. Grooves are filed in the side of the die between the threads
of the screw, so as to produce a sharp edge all along the line of junction of
the dies. The meeting edges of the dies may be made of separate plates or
pieces of steel fixed by screws to the sides of the dies, and which can be
removed from time to time to be sharpened and replaced. æ in Figures 1
and 2 is a small screw, which is adjusted so as to allow the dies to come very
nearly in contact, with one another without actually touching. The dies are
thus prevented from striking and blunting 'their edges against one another.
The mode of employing this apparatus is as follows:-The glass bottle or
jar W is brought in a heated and plastic state from the furnace by means of
the punty V, which is laid upon the rollers u, u, and pushed up to the plate
or ring H, the neck of the bottle slipping over the closed mandril. The
moment that the bottle is in its place the workman puts his foot on the
treadle, and thus closes the dies C, C¹, upon it. Any excess of glass which
may have been collected on the neck of the bottle is cut off by the sharp
edges of the dies. The workman, or another workman or child, now turns
the handle O, by which means the mandril is turned round inside the neck of
the bottle, and at the same time allowed to expand by the withdrawal of the
socket G. The glass is thus forced into the dies, and forms a very perfect
screw on the exterior, while the interior is smoothed and rounded by the
mandril. As the notion of the handle O is continued, the revolution of the
wheel K returns the socket G to its first position, and thus closes the mandril.

page_text: The foot is then taken off the treadle, and the bottle drawn back off the
mandril, and carried away, and the operation is completed.
Figure S, Sheet II., represents a bottle thus made. The whole operation is
performed with very great rapidity. The dies and mandril may be made
capable of being removed from the machine, and replaced by others, so as to
employ the same machine for making screws or other devices on the necks
of bottles or jars of different sizes. Or in lieu of removing the mandril from
'the machine, its end may be enlarged by attaching pieces of metal to the
several portions which form the expanding mandril, or by attaching a ring or
ferule to the solid mandril when a solid mandril is used, as herein-after
mentioned. In lieu of forming a screw in the interior of the dies, an inscrip-
tion or a coat of arms or other device may be formed in the dies, or both a
screw and some other device may be formed in the dies, and transferred or
impressed upon the neck of the bottle in its manufacture, as already described.
A solid mandril may be used in lieu of the expauding mandril. When the
expanding mandril is employed, the dies may be made as shewn in Figure 7,
provided that care be taken that the quantity of glass collected on or formning
the neck of the bottle is not too large to enter the dies, into which it will be
forced by the expansion of the mandril. If, however, the quantity of glass in
the neck is too large, or if a solid mandril be used in conjunction with dies of
the form shewn in Figure 7, the result is, that the superfluous glass is squeezed
out between the dies, and forms a fin or rib on each side of the screw, in lieu
of being cut off, as is the case with the sharp-edged dies shewn in Figure 4.
These fins require to be removed subsequently by grinding, and moreover by
preventing the dies from coming in contact with one another they present the
screws from being perfectly circular. Dies of the form shewn in Figure 7
should, therefore, never be used with a solid mandril, except when such mandril
is tapered and capable of end motion, as herein-after mentioned. The solid
mandril has the advantage of simplicity and economy in the first cost of the
machine, for the handle O may then be placed at once on the mandril, and the
parts F, G, I, J, K, L, M, and N are dispensed with. I have called this
a solid mandril, to distinguish it from the expanding mandril, but it may be
made hollow or tubular if preferred. The solid or hollow non-expanding
mandril may be applied in various ways. Thus it may be firmly fixed to the
frame of the machine, and used in combination with the angular or sharp-
edged dies, or it may be attached to the flange H in Figure 3, and fitted into
a recess or socket in the frame, having behind it a spring which presses it
forward against the dies, as shewn in the section Figure 9. It can thus
yield a little when the glass is compressed and squeezed against the flange by

page_text: the action of the dies, or the mandril may be fixed and the flange H only
made to yield to the pressure of the glass. Either of these last-mentioned
arrangements forms a simple and efficient machine, which is easily worked by
a single workman, who has merely to introduce the bottle into its place, and
place his foot on the treadle.
Another arrangement of machine consists of a mandril which tapers
towards its end, and which is capable of sliding backwards and forwards in a
suitable guide in the direction of its axis. This is applied in combination
with the angular or sharp-edged dies or with the flat-edged dies. The mandril
is drawn back so that only its small end projects between the dies. The neck
of the bottle is slipped on the mandril, and the dies closed, and the material is
then pushed forward into the neck of the bottle by means of a lever or screw,
or by a spring. or in any other suitable manner. The effect of pushing this
tapered mandril into the neck of the bottle is to swell out or expand the neck, and
force the glass into the dies. The mandril and dies being mounted into guides,
enable the whole operation to be performed with great rapidity, and beforethe
glass becomes rigid by cooling. The motion may be communicated to the
dies of the various machines herein-before described by means of cranks or
eccentrics, or by a screw or screws, or otherwise, in lieu of in the manner
above described, but in all cases the motion of the dies is to be regulated by
means of guides, or by levers, or other equivalent means, so that they may
always move in the same paths. The mandrils when made moveable may also
be moved in various ways, but they are always to be mounted in suitable bear-
ings or guides, so that its motion, whether rotatory or rectilinear, may always
be in the same path or course.
I have described the operations as being performed upon glass bottles and
jars, but screws and inscriptions and other devices may be produced in a
similar manner upon bottles or jars formed of clay or of gutta percha or of
other plastic material. The clay is brought into the plastic state in the
ordinary manner with a proper admixture of water, and is baked in the usual
manner, after forming the screw or other device. The gutta percha is rendered
plastic by heat. In operating upon some of these substances, the dies may be
lubricated with some liquid which will prevent the adherence of the plastic
substance. Thus oil may be used for this purpose when operating upon clay,
and oil or water when operating upon gutta percha. Screws or sockets may
be formed at the ends of tubes of glass or other plastic material in the same
manner as they are formed on the necks of bottles.
In Sheet II. Figure 10 is a front view, and Figure 11 is a side view of a

page_text: machine adapted for manufacturing small glass jars or pots and similar articles
with screws on their exterior, according to my Invention. A is a table or
support for the machine; B is the base plate; C is a standard with projecting
arms or guides through which passes the bar D; E is a lever which is shewn
separately in Figures 12 and 13; it has two slotted or elongated holes through
it. The bar D passes through one of these holes, and is jointed to the lever
by a pin F.. Another pin G passes through the standard C, and through the
other hole in the lever E, for which it serves as a fulcrum. His a balance
weight for raising the lever E, by moving which the bar I) is raised and
lowered. I is a small frame attached to the bar D, and resting upon the
top of the dies K, which are shewn separately in Figures 14, 15,
and 16. Figure 17 is a separate view of the frame K. L is a punch
or plunger, cylindrical or slightly tapered to the end, and fixed by a nut
to the frame I. Figure 14 is a plan and Figure 15 an end view of the
dies K, which are hinged together, and fitted into a recess in a plate M,
which is mounted on another plate N, sliding in a dovetailed groove
in the base B, and regulated in its position by a stop or stops. Figure 16 is
a side view of one of the dies K, showing the interior, which is of the form
required for the exterior of the jar or pot. At the upper part of the die a
hollow or female screw is cut, by means of which the male screw is formed on
the exterior of the jar. The top of the die overhangs a little, so that the
opening which remains on closing the dies may fit the plunger L.
The mode of manufacturing glass jars with external screws by this apparatus
is as follows: The dies K are placed in the recess in the plate M, as in
Figure 14, and the whole is slid into its place in the base B. The plate M is
thon adjusted by means of four screws 0, 0, 0, 0, so that the plunger L may
enter the dies when the lever E is depressed. A piece of hot or semifluid
glass is then dropped into the dies, and the lever E is immediately pressed
down. The glass is thus forced into all parts of the dies, and the jar is formed
with the screw on its exterior. The lever E is immediately raised again, and
the dies K are removed and opened, and the jar removed from them. The
whole operation is performed so rapidly that the glass is not cooled to such an
extent as to cause it to be cracked by its contact with the metallic dies. The
punch or plunger L may be moved by a fly press or by a crank or eccentric,
. or in any other suitable manner; but it is always to be guided in such a
manner that it may enter the dies as above mentioned. The form of the dies
may also be varied, but they are always to be made with the female screw for
forming the male screw on the exterior of the jar, as the particular object of

page_text: this part of my Invention is the manufacture of jars with external or male
screws on their exterior. Similar jars with screws may be made of gutta
percha or other plastic substances, in a similar manner.
I will now proceed to describe some different forms of caps and stoppers
adapted for the bottles and bars herein-before described, together with various
methods of manufacturing the same.
Sheet II.-Figure 18 is a plan, Figure 19 is a side view, and Figure 20 is a
section of an ordinary screw cap, which may be made of metal or of clay or of
gutta percha, and is sufficient for covering a bottle or jar when it is not
required to be closed in an air-tight manner, or it may be employed to retain
a cork or stopper driven into the mouth of the bottle or jar, in lieu of string
or wire. By placing a thin disc of cork, gutta percha, leather, or other
elastic material in this cap (which, however, is unnecessary, when the cap
itself is of gutta percha), it may be employed for closing or stopping bottles
without the ordinary cork.
Figure 21 is a side view, and Figure 22 is a section of a valvular stopper
adapted for bottles for containing aerated liquids. A is the screw cap, which
is formed with a short tube B in the centre. The lower end of this tube is
contracted so as to form a shoulder, and, with the screw cap, may be advan-
tageously made of a single piece of gutta percha, as herein after described. C
is a tube,which may be made of tin or other substance not prejudicially acted
upon by the liquid in the bottle. This tube is shewn in section in Figure
23, and it is formed with a shoulder at c. The lower end of the tube is closed,
but one or more lateral openings are made in it near the bottom, to which is
attached by cement or by a thread, or otherwise, a small piece of caoutchouc,
vulcanized or otherwise rendered permanently elastic. The edges of this
caoutchouc closes the opening between the tube C and B, and thus serves as
a valve A tube of vulcanized caoutchouc d is slipped over the tube C before
it is inserted in the tube B, and the caoutchouc valve is then attached to the
end of the tube C. The caoutchouc tube serves as a spring to support the
tube C and keep the valve in contact with the end of the tube B; and it
also serves as a stuffing box or packing to prevent the escape of the liquid
between the tubes B and C, when the tube C is depressed, to give egress to
the liquid in the bottle. In lieu of the caoutchouc tube a helical spring
may be employed with one or more washers of leather or other elastic
material round the tube C at the bottom of the tube B. The cap A is
screwed on the neck of the bottle, with or without a washer of caoutchouc,
gutta percha, or other elastic material, in contact with the mouth of the
bottle. To withdraw the aerated liquor the bottle is inverted and the tube C.

page_text: pressed inwards by the finger or thumb, when the liquid is forced out by the
pressure of the gas through the tube C. On removing the finger the valve
closes. The upper part of the screw C has a screw cut upon it, on which
is screwed a nut D. When the bottle and stopper is in use the nut D is
screwed up as far as it will go; but when it is desired to prevent the action
of the valvular stopper, the nut D is screwed down upon the top of the cap A.
The tube C is thus prevented from moving. This arrangement is advanta-
geous when it is required to pack up bottles of soda water or other aerated
water, to forward them to distant places, as the accidental escape of their
contents is thus prevented.
Figure 24, Sheet I., is a front view, and Figure 25 is a side view of a
machine for making caps or stoppers. A is a pedal turning on a centre B,
and connected by a connecting rod C to a beam or lever D, turning upon a
centre upon the pillar Q. The other end of the lever is connected by a rod
R to a block E sliding in a dovetail guide P, and carrying a punch S, on the
exterior of which a screw thread is formed. A hole is bored up the centre
of the punch, and beneath it is a piu T fixed in the table of the machine.
This pin has a shoulder upon it, and is smallest at the top, and the hole in
the punch is made to fit it. A small space is left in the punch all round the
thicker part of the pin T and its shoulder. F, F¹, are two dies hinged
together on the pin O, and furnished with handles U, which pass under two
adjustable stops G, G, which prevent the dies from being lifted when the
punch S is raised. The mode of using this machine consists in placing a
piece of heated gutta percha in the closed dies, and then depressing the pedal,
which forces down the punch S, and forces the gutta percha into all parts of
the mould, thus forming the pieces A, B, shewn in Figures 10 and 11. The
dies are then separated, and the punch S is raised, carrying with it the
cap which is then unscrewed off the punch. The superfluous material is
trimmed off from the edge, or the edge may be finished at the same
time as the rest of the cap, by forming the punch with a shoulder or disc,
which comes down upon the top of the dies when the punch descends, or
the mouth of the dies is contracted so as nearly to fit the punch, and
thus prevent the escape of the plastic material. By making the punch S
solid, and removing the pin T, the machine will produce gutta percha caps of
the form shewn in Figures 18, 19, and 20. N is a screw which serves as a
stop to regulate the distance to which the die descends. The dies may be
plain, or may carry any inscription or device so arranged that the cap may
deliver from the dies when they are opened.
Figure 26 is a front view and Figure 27 is a side view of a machine

page_text: adapted for producing several articles at once. The screwed punches S, S, S,
are brought down into the dies K, by means of a fly press, with a screw I,
and loaded arms H. O, O', are two screw stops. The dies K, K, are in two
long pieces, which are brought together by means of two heart-shaped plates
or cams L, L, which are depressed by the pedal M. The dies are closed by
depressing the pedal M, and a lump of hot gutta percha is placed in each
cavity of the dies. The loaded arms H are swung round, and the screwed
punches S descend, and force the gutta percha into all parts of the dies and
into the threads of the screws, forming screw.caps similar to those shewn in
Figures 18, 19, and 20. The dies are then separated, and the punches raised.
The caps are then removed by unscrewing them off the punches.
Another mode of manufacturing such screw caps consists in stamping or
otherwise forming a plain cap or thimble of gutta percha of rather larger
diameter than the intended screw cap. This plain cap is then heated, and
slipped upon a screwed punch similar to one of those shewn in Figures 26
and 27, and the punch and cap are introduced into the open dies, which are
then forcible closed upon them, so as to press the plastic gutta perchaintothe
thread of the screw. For this purpose the dies are made with angular or sharp
edges, so as to cut off the superfluous material.
Various descriptions of metal caps may be employed to close the bottles
and jars. Thus, caps of tin or pewter, or other easily fusible metal, may be
cast in metal moulds or chills. The part of the mould or chill which forms
the screw is removed by unscrewing it out of the cap. These caps may also
be cast in sand moulds; but I prefer to use moulds of iron or other difficultly
fusible metal, which produce sharper castings than sand moulds.
Figures 18, 19, and 20 shew a form of cap which may be made by casting.
Caps of tin, pewter, brass, and other ductile metals may be produced by
stamping them out of a thin plate by means of a punch and die, and then
placing them upon a screwed mandril in a lathe, aud pressing the metal into
the thread of the screw by the application of a serrated tool or burnished or
milling tool to the exterior.
Figure 28 is a side view and Figure 29 is a section of a cap formed in
this manner :-In punching or stamping out caps in this manner from thin
metal, it is frequently necessary to employ a series of dies and punches, so as
gradually to raise the metal from a flat disc into the form of a cap; and it is
also requently necessary to anneal the metal by heating and cooling it, to
prevent it from cracking or puckering in the process. To obviate these incon-
veniences, and to enable the cap of considerable depth to be stamped or raised

page_text: at one operation, I employ a machine, of which Figure 30, Sheet I., is a front
view, or any other machine constructed in a similar manner.
In Figure 30, A is the framing of the machine; Bis a strong screw which
carries the loaded arms C and handle D; E is a block of metal connected to
the lower end of the screw B, and working in a guide F, and carrying a
punch G. These parts are similar to those in an ordinary fly press. H is
the lower die, and I is an annular die through which passes the punch G. The
punch G, and the dies H and I, are shewn on a larger scale in the section
Figure 31. The upper part of the die I, which may be called the presser die,
has two slotted or elongated holes or recesses on opposite sides, into which
enter two pins attached to the ring K, as shewn also in the sectional plan,
Figure 32. Two other pins L pass through the cross frames M into opposite
sides of the ring K, and form a fulcrum for it to turn upon. N is a bar
which is screwed to the ring K, and forms with it a lever, by depressing the
end of which lever the presser die I is brought down upon the lower die H.
The lever N passes through an opening in the side frame A. O is a trans-
verse opening in the frame A, in which is inserted a wedge P. The lower
die has an aperture in its centre of the diameter of the exterior of the cap or
capsule to be manufactured, and the upper part of the die is made with a
shallow sloping or curved recess of the diameter of the blank or disc of metal
which is to be stamped. The lower part of the aperture in the die is of
larger diameter than the required capsule, and the angles at the junctions of
these different parts are rounded off, as shewn in the section, Figure 31. The
lower end of the punch G is also rounded at the angles. The presser die I
fits the recess in the die H. The mode of using this machine is as follows:
-A blank or plain disc of sheet copper, brass, tin, zinc, or iron, or other
suitable metal, is placed in the recess at the top of the die H, and the lever N
is depressed. The disc of metal is thus pressed into the recess in the die H,
and slightly dished. The wedge P is then driven into its place so as to prevent
the lever N from rising, and the handle D is then pulled down, so as to swing
round the loaded arms C, and bring down the punch G. The effect is to carry
the disc of metal through the die H, and to form it at once into a cap or cap-
sule. The edges of the blank are drawn out from between the presser die I
and the upper part of the die H; but they are prevented from puckering by
being confined between these two dies. The pressure applied to the presser
die I must be sufficient to prevent the puckering of the metal, but not suffi-
cient to prevent the metal from being drawn away and carried into the die H
by the punch G. The punch G is brought down, as already described, and

page_text: again raised, and the cap or capsule drops into a tray under the machine.
The lever N is then raised and another blank introduced, and the operation
repeated, and so on. In lieu of employing the wedge P to secure the lever N,
a catch, or a screw, or a weight may be employed for that purpose. In lieu
of lever K, N, two vertical rods may be attached to the presser die I, and
carried down through holes in the base of the machine, and connected toge-
ther by a horizontal bar or crosshead. This crosshead may be raised and
lowered by a lever or by a screw, or any other convenient mode of moving
the
presser die may be adopted. So also motion may be communicated to
the punch G by means of a lever or a falling weight, or a hydraulic press or
other suitable means. The motion of the punch G may be made to produce
that of the presser die I, by placing a strong spring between them. The
presser die will then first strike the blank, and as the spring become com-
pressed, the punch will descend upon the blank, and form the cap or capsule.
The die H may be made without the recess in the top, and the presser die I
will then be made flat, so as to hold the blank between itself and the die H;
but I consider it preferable to make the dies of such a form that the blank
may be partially stamped or dished by the presser die. The presser die may
either bear equally on the whole surface of the blank which is under it, or it
may press a little harder upon the extreme edge than on the other part.
Whatever arrangement of machine is adopted, it always consist essentially of
a punch and a die, and a presser die mounted on a frame, with suitable guides
to the moving parts, and so arranged that the metal to be stamped is confined
by the presser die to such an extent as to prevent its puckering, without pre-
venting it from being drawn out from between the die and the presser die.
The metal may be employed in a hot or cold state.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details above described, provided the peculiar
character of any part of my Invention be retained; nor do I claim as of my
Invention the formation of screws on the necks of bottles and jars, or the
manufacture of caps and stoppers for the same, except as herein-after particu-
larly mentioned. But I claim as the Invention, whereof the exclusive use is
intended to be secured by the said Letters Patent, as follows:-
Firstly, the manufacture of bottles and jars of glass, clay, gutta percha, or
other plastic material, having screws, inscriptions, or other devices impressed
on the exterior of their necks or mouths by means of sharp or angular-edged
dies worked by pressure, as herein-before described.
Secondly, the manufacture of bottles and jars of glass, clay, gutta percha, or

page_text: other plastic material, having screws, inscriptions, or other devices impressed
on the exterior of their necks or mouths by means of a machine containing
dies, guided by slides or levers or other equivaleut means, in combination with
an expanding mandril, or with a conical or taper mandril, capable of being
forced into the neck or mouth of the hottle or jar, and guided as herein-before
described.
.
Thirdly, the manufacture of jars of glass, clay,gutta percha, or other plastic
substance, having screws impressed upon their exterior by means of dies; in
combination with a punch or plunger working in a guide, as herein-before
described.
Fourthly, the manufacture of screw caps or stoppers for bottles and jars of
gutta percha or other suitable plastic material, by means of dies in combination
with a guided punch, having a screw formed upon it,as herein-before described
in reference to Figures 26, 27, 28, and 29.
.
Fifthly, the manufacture of screw caps or stoppers for bottles and jars, by
stamping them out of sheet metal, by means of a punch and a die and a presser
die, and then pressing themetal into the groove or thread of ascrewed mandril,
as herein-before described.
Sixthly, the machinery and arrangements herein-before described in refer-
ence to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 9, together with the various modifications
thereof, for manufacturing bottles and jars ofglass, clay, gutta percha, or other
plastic material, with screws, inscriptions, or other devices upon the exterior of
their necks or mouths.
Seventhly, the machinery herein-before described in reference to
Figures 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, and 17, and the various modifications thereof, for
manufacturing jars of glass or other plastic material, with screws on their
exterior.
Eighthly, the machinery and arrangements herein-before described in refer-
ence to Figures 26, 27, 28, and 29, for manufacturing caps of gutta percha or
other suitable plastic material, by means of screwed punches working in guides
in connection with dies, as herein-before described.
Ninthly, the machinery and arrangements for manufacturing caps by means
of a punch and a die and a presser die, as herein-before described.
Tenthly, the constructing machinery for pressing and moulding plastic
substances with angular or sharp-edged dies, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francois Joseph Beltzung, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
FRANCOIS JOSEPH (L.S.) BELTZUNG.
i

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of October,
in the year of our Lord 1852, the aforesaid Francois Joseph Beltzung
(through the interpretation of Charles William Graham, of No. 16, Bishops-
gate Street, London, Gentleman, the said Charles William Graham having
been first sworn that he had truly and faithfully interpreted the contents of
this Specification, and also the nature and purport of this acknowledgment
to him, the said Francois Joseph Beltzung) came before our said Lady the
Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained and specified, iu form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.