Improvements relating to Burners for Acetylene and similar Gas.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 15th Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Burners for Acetylene and similar Gas.
A communication from HENRY EDWARD SHAFFER, of 14, College Avenue, City of
Rochester, County of Monroe, State of New York, United States of America,
Gentleman.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This present invention has for its objects to provide an improved burner for
gas rich in carbon, such as acetylene gas, whereby not only will the light be im-
proved and more perfect combustion obtained, but the flame will be free from the
fluctuations due to variations in the pressure of the gas, and the light increased;
and to these and other ends the invention consists in certain improvements here-
inafter fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the
end.. of this specification.
In the drawings;
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a gas burner embodying the preferred form of
this invention.
Figure 2, a vertical-sectional view of the same.
Figure 3, a sectional view taken on the line of Figure 1.
Figures 4 and 5, vertical and horizontal sectional views of a modification.
Figure 6, a side elevation of a modified form of burner tip.
Figure 7, a plan view of the tip shown in Figure 6.
Figure 8, a plan view of a multiple burner embodying the double tips.
Figure 9, a sectional view taken on the line z-z of Figure 8.
Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts.
pro-
In Figures 1 and 2 is shown the preferred form of burner consisting of the
body portion 1, preferably of metal, having gas passage 2, chamber 3 and the
upwardly extending external projection 4, projecting between and close to the
undersides of the flame from two burner tips 5 arranged with their discharge
orifices at an angle and receiving gas from chamber 3. The projection
vides a mass of material below the point of cooperation of the gas jets impinging
at an angle and which will be heated by the flames and will react upon the gas,
promote its combustion and heat the air rising from below. The supports of the
projection 4 are reduced in size by cutting away, as at 6, leaving only narrow
neck 7 offering a very small surface, thereby preventing the conduction of heat
back to the burner. The burner tips 5 are made of soapstone, lava or other
refractory material and provided with the entrance passage 8 communicating with
chamber 3 and the discharge passage 9 extending at an angle to passage 8 and
having the minute gas aperture 10. The passage 9 constitutes a chamber for
thoroughly mixing the gas from aperture 10 with air and to accomplish this
in the best manner the lateral air inlets 11 are provided' arranged at right angles

page_text: to the passage 9 and about half below and half above the bottom of passage 9,
the minute aperture 10 being, of course, at the lower side of the lateral air passages,
which insures the air entering said passages striking the column of gas at right
angles and when it first issues from the aperture 10. Near the outer end of
passage 9 are preferably provided very small lateral passages 12 serving to admit
air to the mixed column of air and gas near the point of combustion effectually
surrounding it and preventing contact with the extreme end of the tip, thereby
preventing a deposit of carbon thereon. Tips constructed as shown consume all
the gas without the deposits and by arranging the passages at an angle, as shown,
the tips may be combined to produce a flat flame and also to form a multiple
burner with small round flames, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, any number of said
tips being inserted laterally in the burner body 20 having horizontal radial aper-
tures. In all these forms, the feature is preserved of having a central gas chamber
and the gas passages to the burner orifices out of line with the inlet passage,
whereby the flame is relieved from fluctuations due to variations in pressure, the
gas in the chamber forming a cushion and the angular arrangement of the
passages 8 and 9 contributes to this result. The tips may be molded or otherwise
formed,
In Figures 6, 7 and 9 is shown another form of burner in which both the air
and gas discharge passages and the cushioning chamber are formed from a single
piece of refractory material, as lava, embodying the stem 21, the conical body or
reservoir 22, and the inclined opposing jet tubes 23. Each jet-tube is provided
with a passage 24 into which the gas escapes from the small orifices 25 from the
passages 26 arranged at an angle to passages 24 and communicating with the
reservoir 22. The upper part of the body is conical and cut-off or truncated
beneath the jet-tubes for a free supply of air, and is provided with a smaller
conoidal projection 27 serving to direct air to the base of the flame. The jet-tubes
are provided with small air apertures 28 at the base of the jet-tube above the
orifice 25, three of these apertures 28 being provided in each tube. The con-
nection between the tubes 23 and the burner body is made along a narrow line to
expose them to the air and prevent_overheating. The flames from the tubes 23
come together above the projection 27 and form flat flames, as in the other form,
and the operation, generally, is substantially the same as the form before described.
For the purpose of producing the maximum lighting effect from burners such
as shown in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, without casting a shadow, it is desirable to
arrange the double burners at an angle to the perpendicular, as shown in Figure 9,
so that the flame will assume a curved form, as indicated by the dotted line in
Figure 9, and to group a plurality of said burners upon a common support or
body, indicated by 30, so that the supply tubes and the central line between the
tips will extend in a plane about twenty or thirty degrees from the perpendicular.
When three or more of the burners are used in this manner radiating from the
body 30. the flames will assume substantially the position indicated by the dotted
lines in Figures 8 and 9, thus giving an intense light in all directions and without
shadows. If desired, the heating projections between the tips may be dispensed
with in this multiplex burner, and, as will be understood, any desired number may
be grouped.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
-
1. In a burner for acetylene and similar gases, the combination with the burner
body having the tapering extension and the round gas apertures discharging gas
in converging streams above the extension and substantially parallel with the faces
thereof, thereby causing the extension to be heated by the flames.
2. In a burner for acetylene and similar gases, the combination with the burner
body having the tapering extension, of tips having the round gas discharge aper-
tures and the surrounding air supply passages, said apertures discharging air

page_text: and gas in converging streams above the extension substantially parallel with
the faces thereof, thereby causing the extension to be heated by the flames.
3. The combination with the burner body and the burner tips discharging gas
in converging streams above the body, of the extension formed on the body and
arranged between the tips and having a narrow connection with the body to pre-
vent conduction of heat to the latter.
4. A burner tip having the discharge passage or channel open at one end to the
air, a gas aperture smaller than the passage and arranged at and discharging
axially into the bottom thereof, and separate air channels extending at right angles
to the open passage and operating to supply air to the gas as it first issues into
the passage.
5. A burner tip having the discharge passage or channel open at one end to
the air, a gas aperture smaller than the passage and arranged at and discharging
axially into the bottom thereof, and separate air channels extending into the
passage at right angles thereto and intersecting it in the plane of the small gas
aperture whereby the air will be thoroughly mixed with the gas at the point of
exit into the passage.
6. A tip for acetvlene gas burners, composed of a single piece of refractory
material having the inlet and discharge passages arranged at an angle with each
other, and the small gas aperture between the end of the discharge passage and
the side of the other, and air passages leading into the discharge passage.
7. As an article of manufacture, a tip for acetylene gas burners composed of a
single piece of refractory material having the entrance and discharge passages
arranged at right angles to each other, said discharge passage having separate air
passages leading into it from the sides.
8. A tip for acetylene and similar gas burners having the discharge passage for
the gas and air, the small gas aperture leading into said passage,
and the separate air passages extending from the outside of the tip into
the lower end of the discharge passage and directing the air upon the column of
gas at right angles to its plane of movement, thereby causing a thorough mixture
of air and gas.
9. A burner tip for acetylene and similar gas burners, 'having the discharge
passage 9, the small aperture 10 at the bottom thereof, the lateral air channels
discharging air upon the gas at right angles to the plane of the latter and at the
sides of the aperture 10, and the small lateral air passages 12 near the end of
the passage 9, substantially as described.
10. The combination with the central body containing a gas reservoir, of a
plurality of radially arranged jet burners having supply tubes connected directly
and obliquely to the body and each burner having a pair of burner tips inclined
to each other, whereby there is produced a series of flat flames arranged about
the vertical axis of the central body.
11. In a gas burner, a body containing a gas receptacle, a plurality of supply
tubes communicating therewith and provided with a pair of co-acting tips, the
tips of each pair being situated in the same vertical plane and in different horizontal
planes.
Dated this 09-1 1
T
1000