THE MANUFACTURE OF BESSEMER n " METAL
Year: 1883

page_text: JI
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by the, said Henry Davis-Pochin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November 1883. .)
HENRY DAVIS POCHIN of Barnes in the County of Surrey,
THE MANUFACTURE OF BESSEMER
n
"
METAL
L
-974
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN
My invention has reference to the production of Bessemer metal...
Heretofore in making Bessemer metal by the basic process it has been usual to
line.the converter with a mixture of magnesian lime and tar, which lining is open
to objection in practice being expensive and subject to rapid deterioration.
.
When making Bessemer metal from Hematite Pigs the converter has been lined
with fire bricks and fire clay, which; however, only last for a limited number of.
blows.
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Now, according to my invention, I. use in the converter, as a, lining, masses of
chromate of iron, whereby the Bessemer metal may be produced at considerably
less cost...
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In carrying out my invention it is desirable to select such chromate of iron as
contains the smallest percentage of silica.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Davis Pochin in the Patent Office on the 28th May 1884.
HENRY DAVIS POCHIN of Barnes in the County of Surrey. IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BESSEMER METAL
My invention has reference to the production of Bessemer metal.
Heretofore in making Bessemer metal by the basic process it has been usual to
line the converter with a mixture of magnesian lime and tar, which lining is open
to objection in practice, being expensive and subject to rapid deterioration.
When making Bessemer metal from Hematite Pigs the converter has been lined
with fire-bricks and fire-clay, which however only last for a limited number of
blows.
Now, according to my invention, I use in the converter as a lining, masses of
chromate of iron otherwise known as chrome ore, whereby the Bessemer metal may
be produced at considerably less cost.
There are several ways by which the Bessemer converter may be lined with the
said material as I will now proceed to more particularly explain. I select such
chrome ore as contains the smallest quantity of silica and is of the most compact
stone-like character, and I shape each lump so that the pieces shall fit each other
fairly well when built up or placed in situ within the converter; the interior of
which I line with these shaped pieces to a suitable thickness which may
advantageously be from one to two feet. The pieces of chromate of iron (chrome
ore) are cemented together by means of suitable binding material such as fire clay.
Or for the purpose of effecting economy in the use of the chromate of iron (chrome
ore) a backing may be provided for the lining.
This backing may be made of fire-brick and the chromate of iron (chrome ore)
lining which then need not be more than one foot thick, is built up with the said
backing the pieces of chromate of iron (chrome ore) being cemented together in the
manner previously described.
Instead of using fire-clay to cement the masses of chromate of iron (chrome ore)
together I have used a mixture consisting of coal tar pitch, and calcined magnesian
lime such as used in lining Bessemer converters according to the well known
Thomas and Gilchrist basic process.
According to another method of carrying out my invention the converter is lined
with a mixture of coal tar pitch, and magnesian limestone such as above referred
to, and this lining before it has set is studded throughout the whole of its interior
with masses of chromate of iron (chrome ore) so that as far as possible the surface
exposed to the action of the molten metal under treatment in the converter when
at work shall be the chromate of iron (chrome ore)
The above described different methods of lining, Bessemer converters with
chromate of iron (chrome ore) according to my invention are illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, whereof Fig 1 is a central vertical section of a Bessemer
converter wherein the chromate of iron (chrome ore) lining is formed of lumps A of
that material shaped so that the pieces fit each other, these pieces being built up
within the shell B of the converter and cemented together.
Fig 2. is a like view illustrating the construction as hereinabove described of a
compound lining comprising a backing or outer lining C of fire brick and an
inner lining to resist the action of the molten metal under treatment, such inner
lining being made of chromate of iron (chrome ore) in lumps A cemented together.
Fig 3. illustrates in vertical section the method of lining a converter B with a
mixture of coal tar pitch and magnesian limestone such as already mentioned

page_text: studded with masses A of chromate of iron (chrome ore) so that as far as possible
the surface exposed to the action of the molten metal under treatment in the
converter when at work will be chromate of iron (chrome ore).
Fig 4 illustrates a compound lining whereof the outer portion or backing is of
firebrick and the inner portion consists of a mixture of coal tar pitch and magnesian
limestone such as already mentioned studded with masses A of chromate of iron
(chrome ore) so that as far as possible the surface exposed to the action of the
molten metal under treatment in the converter when at work will be chromate of
iron (chrome ore).
Having described the nature of my said invention and the manner of carrying
the same into practical effect I hereby declare that what I claim as secured to me
under the Letters Patent first hereinabove in part recited is :-
In the manufacture of Bessemer metal the use of chromate of iron (chrome ore)
as a lining substantially as and for the purpose hereinabove described and set
forth.
In witness whereof I the said Henry Davis Pochin have hereunto set my hand
and seal this tenth day of May in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty-four.
HENRY DAVIS POCHIN (L.S.)