IMPROVED MEANS, APPARATUS, AND MECHANISM FOR RETAINING CAUGHT. FISH IN LIFE FOR MARKET, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Otto Engholm at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th April
1869.
I, OTTO ENGHOLM, of the City and County of Edinburgh, North.
Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for "IMPROVED MEANS, APPARATUS, AND MECHANISM FOR RETAINING CAUGHT.
FISH IN LIFE FOR MARKET, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has reference to new or improved modes and means,
appliances or apparatus, for introducing or drawing and forcing fresh
air and oxygen into or amongst the water (which has hereto been
practised in a more imperfect manner) in the cistern (or tanks), into
which the fish are put as they are caught for the purpose of retaining
them in life during transit either by sea or land in sailing or steam vessels,
or by carts or railway carriages to market for sale in a live state, and
which improvements, under one modification of the Invention, consists

page_text: in drawing the salt water from the closed cistern or tanks in which the
fish are being transported, and forcing it through a pipe or pipes, or it
may be a close chamber with a set of pipes leading from it, and through
which the water is forced; the other end or ends of such conducting
or inducing pipes convey the water into the same or other cisterns again,
by preference down through the lid into the body of water containing
the fish, these. inducing pipes having as many air conical annular.
induction or inducing nozzles as necessary to thoroughly incorporate.
the stream of water with as much fresh air and oxygen as it will receive,
so as to recharge, cool, and refresh the water with the oxygen to sustain
the fish in life; or the whole length of pipe might be formed of such
nozzles if found desirable; or small lateral branch tubes might be used
prolonged, in an improved manner, into the central part of the. main
forcing water pipe and bent in the direction of the current, which would
have a better suction or inducing action in drawing and forcing the
air into, and through the tubes and water than with the branch tubes
heretofore applied, which are only led to where they meet and join
the body of the main water pipe. Otherwise an air pump can be used
instead of a water pump, and the air be forced through either the main
central or the annular nozzles or openings of the improved inducing
nozzle apparatus herein-before described so as to draw in and force the
current of salt or other water used through it and its connecting pipes
from and back to the cistern again, and incorporate the air and water
at the same time instead of the forced water doing so by drawing in and
forcing the air into and through the inducing apparatus along with
itself. The secondary fluid, drawn in and forced through the first by
this nozzle apparatus might in some cases be a liquid instead of air or
oxygen, as fresh, salt, or sea water impregnated with these or other
gases.

page_text: points where the different substances are brought in contact and meet
at or from the different and mass of nozzles in their inducing pipe or
pipes.