Improvements in the Manufacture of the Hollow Spheres and Spheroids used in the Manufacture of Metallic Bedsteads and for other purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 11th July, 1891-Accented
15th
A
DIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Hollow Spheres and
Spheroids used in the Manufacture of Metallic Bedsteads and
for other purposes.
We GEORGE SUFFIELD MARRIS of the firm of George Marris and Son of
The Islington Stamping Works, Tindal Street Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Stampers and Piercers and SAMUEL WILLIAMS of No. 1 Hamilton
Buildings Monument Road Birmingham aforesaid Press Tool Maker do hereby
5 declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference principally to the hollow metallic spheres used as the
terminal ornaments of the pillars of metallic bedsteads and to the hollow metallic
spheres used in connecting the rods of which the head and foot rails of bedsteads
are built up. Our said invention is however applicable to the manufacture of
hollow metallic spheres and spheroids generally.
We will describe our invention as applied to the manufacture of a hollow sphere
of brass.
We take a blank consisting of a disc of sheet brass and by means of a stamping
or pressing process we raise it into the form of a cylindrical cup having a hemi-
spherical bottom as is well understood. From this cup we form a hollow sphere
in the following manner.
with its open mouth upwards. To the plunger of the press we fix a concave or
We place the said cup in a die on the bed of a press
cupping tool which is made slowly to descend on the open mouth of the cup and
contract it into a nearly hemi-spherical shape thus making a nearly complete
hollow sphere. In contracting the mouth of the cup by the cupping tool the
metal tends to pucker or buckle and to prevent the formation of puckerings or
bucklings we employ a tool having at its working end a curvature of like radius to
he interior of the sphere to be made. This tool is passed down the bolt of the
ress, which is hollow and through an opening in the cupping tool into the interior
f the cup. Rapid rotary motion is given to the said tool during the slow descent
the cupping tool, the said rotating tool passing rapidly over the internal
rface of the contracting cup and so supporting it that the metal contracts
der the action of the cupping tool without the production of puckerings or
cklings.
By the use of tools of different sizes and shapes spheres and spheroids of different
es and shapes can be readily and economically manufactured.
The cup in being fashioned into a sphere in the manner described may be
healed from time to time according to its size and strength of metal as is well
lerstood by workers in metal.
Dated the 7th day of November 1890.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Hollow Spheres and
Spheroids used in the Manufacture of Metallic Bedsteads and
for other purposes.
We GEORGE SUFFIELD MARRIS of the firm of George Marris and Son of
The Islington Stamping Works, Tindal Street, Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Stampers and Piercers and SAMUEL WILLIAMS of No. 1 Hamilton
Buildings, Monument Road, Birmingham aforesaid, Press Tool Maker do hereby
declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention has reference principally to the hollow metallic spheres used as
the terminal ornaments of the pillars of metallic bedsteads and to the hollow
metallic spheres used in connecting the rods of which the head and foot rails of
bedsteads are built up.
Our said invention is however applicable to the manufacture of hollow metallic
spheres and spheroids generally.
We will describe our invention as applied to the manufacture of a hollow sphere
of brass.
We take a blank consisting of a disc of sheet brass and by means of a stamping
or pressing process we raise it into the form of a cylindrical cup having a hemi-
spherical bottom as is well understood. From this cup we form a hollow sphere
in the following manner. We place the said cup in a die on the bed of a press
with its open mouth upwards. To the plunger of the press we fix a concave or
cupping tool which is made slowly to descend on the open mouth of the cup and
contract it into a nearly hemispherical shape, thus making a nearly complete
hollow sphere. In contracting the mouth of the cup by the cupping or closing
tool the metal tends to pucker or buckle and to prevent the formation of puckerings
or bucklings we employ a tool having at its working end a curvature of like radius
to the interior of the sphere to be made. Rapid rotary motion is given to the said
tool during the slow descent of the cupping or closing tool the said rotating tool
passing rapidly over the internal surface of the contracting cup and so supporting
it that the metal contracts under the action of the cupping or closing tool without
the production of puckerings or bucklings.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
the manufacture of a hollow sphere according to our invention in conjunction with
the press and the appliances connected therewith which we prefer to employ.
Figures 1 and 2 represent elevations, partly in section, taken at right angles to
one another of the press and its appliances, Figure 1 representing the working tools
in their raised positions and Figure 2 the said tools in their fully depressed acting
positions.
Figure 3 represents in elevation and Figure 4 in vertical section the working
tools in the positions Figure 1 drawn to a larger scale and Figure 5 represents in
vertical section the working tools in the positions Figure 2, the rotating tool being
represented in the sphere. In Figure 3 the position of the cupping or closing tool
after it has descended a part of its stroke for slightly contracting the mouth of
the cup is indicated in dotted lines.
Figure 6 represents in elevation and Figures 7 and 8 in horizontal section, drawn
to a larger scale, the rotating supporting and pressing tool used for preventing the
puckering or buckling of the cup during the cupping operation, the rotating
pressing tool being represented in its open or acting position in Figures 6 and 7
and in its closed position, for passing into and out of the cup, in Figure 8.
Figure represents the cylindrical cup with a hemispherical bottom after its
mouth has been slightly cupped or contracted; Figure 10 represents the cup

page_text: 5
gure after its open mouth has been fully contracted by the operation of the
press so as to form it into a nearly complete hollow sphere, and Figure 11 represents
a terminal ornament of a bedstead pillar made in the ordinary way from the nearly
hollow sphere Figure 10.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is the die or holder on the bed of the press in which die the cup with its
open mouth upwards is placed as seen in Figure 1. To the plunger or slide c of
the press, a concave or cupping or closing tool d is affixed and on the pegs d², d² of
the said tool da collar e slides for externally supporting the cup during the con-
traction of its mouth, the said sliding collar e being locked to and released from
the pegs, in the manner hereinafter described. The plunger or slide c is
guided in its vertical motion by the ends of its cross head e² working on the guide
rods c³, c³. The rising and descending motion of the plunger or slide e is effected
in the ordinary way by the side cams f, f on the shaft g and the crank on the
crank shaft 2 carried by the cams.
shaft by the toothed gearing at, and the said shaft is thrown into and
The cam shaft g is driven from the driving
out of gear with the driving shaft 3 by the ordinary sliding clutch / and clutch
lever, is the rotating pressing and cup supporting tool for preventing the
puckering or buckling of the cup during the contraction of its mouth by the
cupping or closing tool d.
The tool i, is fixed to the bottom of the rotating shaft k carried by and working
in the plunger or slide c working the cupping or closing tool and the external cup
supporting collar. The said rotating tool is made in two parts marked respectively i
and the part being fixed by screwing to the shaft k and the other part being
capable of turning freely on pivots ³, on the part i so that the said part 2 can
either take the open or expanded position Figures 6 and 7 or the closed or
collapsed position Figure 8. Each part of the tool carries at its middle a pressing
roller
The tool shaft & besides rotating in the plunger or slide of the press has also
a limited sliding motion therein for the purpose hereinafter described.
on
which
The rapid rotatory motion of the shaft k carrying the tool i, is effected by a
band 2 passing over the pulley 3 on the tool shaft and over the broad pulley
the vertical driving shaft, the said shaft being driven by the band & working
on the fast pulley of the fast and loose pulleys and 4 (see Figure 2). The
shaft is automatically put into rapid rotation on the descent of the plunger c of
the
press and brought to rest on the rising of the plunger in the following maurer.
Projecting from the cross head of the press slide c is the tappet arm
works between the tappets c, c on the rod e jointed to the band shifting lever c
turning on the centre the driving band k passing through a loop at the distant
end of the said band shifting lever . When the slide c makes its descending
motion the tappet arm e' strikes the tappet and draws down the rod c'. The
oop end of the band shifting lever 8 is thereby raised and the band 4* transferred
rom the loose pulley to the fast pulley k' and a rapid rotatory motion is thus
iven to the tool shaft k and its tool through the band 2 and pulleys k and k³.
When the slide c of the press is raised the tappet arm acting on the tappet c
aises the rod c and through the band shifting lever 8 transfers the band 4 from
he fast pulley k to the loose pulley and the shaft & and tool i, 2 come to rest.
For the purpose of giving a rising and falling motion to the rotating pressing
poli, in the partly made cup or sphere so as to cause the said rotating pressing
pol to planish and harden the interior of the cup after the preliminary action of
he cupping or closing tool on its mouth we use the following parts. A lever is
inted at to the slide c and is temporarily connected by the screw pin to the
tating tool shaft k.
с
When the descent of the cupping tool is arrested after the preliminary cupping
eration as hereinafter described, the slide c has brought the head of the pin.
contact with the lever / the motion of which lever lifts the tool shaft k and its
73
C

page_text: tool i, . The lever is raised at each rotation of the shaft 3 by the cam 46 on
it acting against the bent end of the said lever (see Figure 2). On the cam h
ceasing to act on the lever the tool shaft k falls by its own weight. When the
cupping tool has descended to its full extent for completing the cupping of the
mouth of the shell or cup the further descent which is given to the slide c has
caused the lever to slide on the stem of the pin 13 and the motion of the lever
has now no action on the tool shaft k (see Figures 2 and 5).
When the pressing tool is in its closed or collapsed state as represented in
Figures 1, 3, 4 and 8 it can be passed into the cup and after the tool has been
lowered into the cup and a rotatory motion given to it as represented in Figures 2
and 5, the said tool opens or expands and takes the radius of the interior of the
cup. The opening out of the jointed part 2 of the tool is effected by the shoulder
of the rotating part i bearing against the shoulder on the jointed part and
turning the latter part on its pivots into the position represented in Figures 6
and 7 the two parts of the tool remaining in the relative positions represented in
the said Figures 6 and 7 so long as rotation is given to the tool. On the motion
of the tool shaft being arrested the momentum acquired by the jointed part 2
causes it to take the position represented in Figure 8 so as to close or collapse the
tool and permit of its withdrawal from the hollow sphere and of its being passed
into a fresh cup to be operated upon.
In making a nearly complete sphere according to our invention we proceed as
follows:-
The slide and tools being in the raised positions represented in Figures 1 and 3
and the pressing tool shaft k at rest, a cylindrical cup b Figure 1 is placed in the
die b on the bed of the press. The press being set in motion the tool i, & descends
into the cup followed by the holding collar e which passes outside and supports the
cup and the cupping tool d partly descending slightly cups or contracts the mouth
of the cup, the parts now occupying the dotted line positions indicated in Figure 3.
The slide and cupping or closing tool are brought to rest in the positions indicated,
by the throwing out of gear of the cam shaft g by means of the clutch 76 and
lever . By the descent of the slide c to the position indicated for the preliminary
cupping operation the tool shaft & bas been thrown into gear and a rotary motion
given to it and the tool carried by it opened out; the said tool shaft k is also
brought under the operation of the lifting lever l. The tool i, has thus a rotary
motion and a rising and falling motion in the cup by the action of which rotary
and rising and falling tool the interior of the cup is planished and hardened pre-
paratory to the complete cupping operation. The interior of the cup having been
in this way sufficiently planished the cam shaft g is again geared with the driving
shaft by the workman operating the lever and the cupping or closing tool
now further descends upon the partly contracted mouth of the cup and completes
the cupping operation. As the slide c makes its further descending motion the
shaft of the rotating tool i, 2 is no longer operated upon by the lifting lever l
(see Figures 2 and 5) and the said tool has now only a rapid rotatory motion given
to it in the cup. By this rapid rotatory motion of the tool during the complete
contraction or cupping of the mouth of the cup the said cup is so supported at its
middle by the said tool that the collapsing puckering or buckling of the cup at its
middle is prevented.
After the cupping or partial closing of the shell has been completed the slide
makes its upward motion removing the cupping or closing tool d and external
supporting collar e which latter is locked by the spring bolt m to one of the rods d
for the purpose of permitting of the removal of the sphere from the closed
tool i, 2. As soon as the slide e begins to rise the motion of the rotating tool is
arrested and the jointed part closes upon the other part and on the slide
reaching the top of its stroke the sphere, uncovered by the locked collar e, can be
removed from the closed tool. Before the slide e descends the spring bolt mis
withdrawn to permit of the descent of the collar e to the stops on the rods d the
said rods as the cupping tool d descends sliding in the flange of the collar e and

page_text: το
described.
the said collar by the spring bolt m for the purpose before
By the use of tools of different sizes and shapes, spheres and spheroids of
different sizes and shapes can be readily and economically manufactured.
The cup in being fashioned into a sphere in the manner described and illustrated
may be annealed from time to time according to its size and strength of metal as
is well understood by workers in metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim
as our invention of "Improvements in the manufacture of the hollow spheres and
spheroids used in the manufacture of metallic bedsteads and for other purposes":-
Manufacturing hollow spheres and spheroids from hollow cylindrical cups with
hemispherical or spheroidal bottoms by internally supporting the said cup during
the cupping or mouth contracting operation by means of a rotating pressing and
upporting tool made to rapidly pass over and support the internal surface of the
up and thereby prevent the formation of puckerings or bucklings during the
ontracting operation, the said rotating pressing and supporting tool being preferably
onstructed as and used in connection with the appliances or mechanism hereinbefore
escribed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of July 1891.
GEORGE SUFFIELD MARRIS.
SAMUEL WILLIAMS.