IMPROVEMENTS IN BRICK MAKING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Effertz of 115 Chancery Lane in the City of
London Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRICK MAKING
MACHINES"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Peter Etfertz at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1883.
PETER EFFERTZ of 115 Chancery Lane. in the City of London. Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BRICKMAKING MACHINES
"
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of
machines for making bricks tiles and other analogous articles
The principal features of my improved brickmaking machine comprise an
elevator containing a double series of Spiral knives (right and left-handed) for
conveying the clay after its reduction and purification by crushing, into a receiver
from which it is conducted by boxes or vessels reciprocating horizontally and
alternately over the openings of boxes containing rotating beaters and immediately
beneath corresponding pistons which on descending force the clay from the
conducting boxes or vessels into the beater boxes where it is acted upon by the
rotating beaters and distributed over large tables or pistons reciprocated vertically
in main boxes across the top of which slide in and out trays containing the moulds
for the bricks or tiles and above these trays are plates or slabs which also slide in
and out in combination with the trays so that the latter being in their closed
position over the main boxes and the plates or slabs also in their closed positions
immediately over and in contact with the upper sides of the trays the large pistons
of the main boxes rise and force the clay into the moulds of the trays when the
latter slide out in one direction under the dies or pushers and the plates or slabs
sliding away from the trays and moulds in the opposite direction the dies or
pushers descend and push the bricks out of the moulds on to rolling tables or
endless aprons
And in order that my said invention may be well understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same reference being made to the
accompanying sheets of drawings, like lotters of reference indicating corresponding
parts in all the figures.
Figure 1. sheet 1. is a front sectional elevation of my improved brickmaking
machine. Figure 2 sheet. 1. a detailed view of the upper part of same Figure 3
ID 11

page_text: sheet 2 a side sectional elevation of the machine Figure 4 sheet 2 a detached view
of parts of the same and Figure 5 sheet 3 a plan thereof
"
A (See figures 3 and 5) represents a hopper into which the clay is fed to the
crushing rollers B. B'. B. which are provided with suitable scrapers C and revolve
at different speeds for the purpose of crushing stones and other Foreign substances
finding their way between them from the hopper A-The outlet or passage D from
the rollers. B. B₁. B. is secured to and communicates with the elevator E which
consists of a combined vertically and horizontally arranged box of an oval (or
other)-section-and-containing double rows of spiral knives F. F. which are
arranged right and left-handed. upon rotating shafts G-G-respectively-The clay
being caught by the spiral knives F. is forced by them along the vertical portion of
the elevator E. through the grate or grid H (which prevents the passage of stones,
roots, or other solid substances) into the horizontal portion of the elevator E
through which it is forced by the spiral knives F'. into the receiver I. and thence
into the conducting boxes or vessels. J. 'altérnately—These boxes or vessels Jaro
open top and bottom and are connected together by a suitable framework K. the
whole being reciprocated horizontally on the base plate L. and between guide
frames M. alternately over the respective openings of the boxes N. and beneath
corresponding pistons O.-The boxes N. contain rotating beaters P. and on the
firrival of one of tho boxes or vessels J. over the opening of the box N the
piston O descends and forces the clay out of the box or vessel. J. into the beater
box N where it is cut by the beaters. P. and thereby distributed on to the large
pistons which are reciprocated vertically in the main boxes R-Srepresents the
trays in which are contained the moulds T (figure 5) for the bricks and which
slide in and out over the main boxes R.-Above the trays S. and in contact
therewith are plates or slabs. U. which also slide in and out and act in combination
with the trays. S. as follows:-The trays S. being in their closed position over the
main boxes R and the plates or slabs. U. also in their closed position over the
trays S and moulds T. the pistons Q in rising press the clay thereon into the
moulds T of the trays S.-The latter are now slid outwards in one direction until
they come under the dies or pushers. V-Simultaneously the plates or slabs U. are
moved outwards away from the trays S. in an opposite direction and uncovering
the moulds T. the dies or pushers V. descend and push the bricks out of their
moulds. T. on to the rolling tables or endless aprons W.-The trays S. and plates
or slabs. U. are then slid back again into their closed positions over the main
boxes. R. and the operations of feeding and forcing the clay into the various boxes
and moulds repeated as described
The several operations of treating the clay and forming it into bricks or tiles
having been set forth it remains to describe the arrangement of mechanism or
gearing for actuating those parts of the machine by which these operations are
performed
The machine consists generally of a bed or foundation frame carrying rectangular
shaped sido frames surmounted by an entablature and between which are arranged
the principal working parts of the machine
Mounted horizontally in bearings on the foundation frame is the main crank
shaft X. which is rotated at either end by spur wheel. Y. geared into by pinion Y¹.
on countershaft Z. to which is fixed a rigger a. driven by belting from any
suitable motor. The cranks 6 of the shaft X. are placed opposite to or at 180°
with each other and give the alteruate vertical rociprocating motion to the large
pistons in the main boxes. R as before mentioned-The countershafts Z. are also
provided with bevil wheels c. gearing into pinions c. which drive the upright
shafts. d. on which are bevil wheels. e. genring into pinions cl. fixed on horizontal
countershafts. f which drive by means of bevil wheels and pinions. g. g. the
horizontal shaft. -On the horizontal shaft h. are bevil wheels. i which gear into
pinions for driving the rotating beaters P. in the boxes N. for cutting and
distributing the clay, on to the large pistons Q as before mentioned-On the
same shaft h are also fixed bevil pinions 7 gearing into wheels and giving reverse

page_text: action thereto by means of clutches k. The bevil wheel j¹ is fixed on an upright
shaft on which is a spur pinion m. gearing into a rack. n formed on the outside
of the connecting framework. K. of the conducting boxes J. by which arrangement
on the clutches being thrown into gear alternately with either bevil pinion j. the
requisite horizontal reciprocating motion is imparted to the conducting boxes. J. so
as to bring each of them alternately under the receiver I. and over the corresponding
openings of the beater boxes N respectively-The clutches k are thrown
alternately into gear with each of the bevil pinions; automatically by a clutch
lever o on the upright shaft o' of which is a lever p which is thrown over at the
necessary times by the conducting boxes. J. which make contact therewith in their
movement to and fro.
On the saine shaft h are also bevil pinions q. gearing into wheels q' which drive
the horizontal countershafts r giving motion by means of bevil wheels. 8 to the
upright shafts & which drive the spiral knives F. by spur wheels u and the spiral
knives F. of the elevator E. by worm wheels and pinions for forcing the clay
along elevator E. into the receiver I
At the upper ends of the upright shafts d. are fixed bevil pinions w. which gear
into the bovil wheels won the overhead shaft. x. which gives the necessary
vertical reciprocating motion to the pistons O for forcing the clay out of the
conducting boxes. J. into the beater boxes N. as before described
The trays S. and plates or slabs. U. of the main boxes R receive their alternate
and periodical horizontal reciprocating movement from the eccentrics y on the
crank shaft X-These eccentrics y by means of a series of links and levers (See
figure 4 sheet 2) impart an alternate vibrating motion to the toothed sectors A'
which actuate by means of intermediate spur wheels B¹. the toothed racks. C'. of
the trays S. and plates or slabs U. respectively
The dies or pushers V are brought down at the necessary intervals for releasing
the bricks from their moulds T. by cams. D¹. on the crank shaft X. which actuate
the levers and links 1. 2. 3. and 4, the link 4. being attached to the framework of
the dies or pushers. V. as shewn in figures 1 and 3.
Lastly the crushing rolls. B B' B². may be rotated at different speeds by spur
gearing driven by belting from the countershaft Z. of the machine as shewn, or in
any other desirable manner.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and original and
therefore claim as my invention is
The general construction combination and arrangement of machine for making
bricks or tiles substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings
In witness whereof. I the said Peter Effertz have hereunto Set my hand and
seal this Eighth day of June in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three,
Witness
EDWARD W FURRELL, M Inst M E.
11 Southampton Bldgs.
Chancery Lane
W C.
PETER EFFERTZ (L.S.)