Improvements in File or Rasp Cutting Machines
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1899--Accepted, 4th Nov., 1899
:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in File or Rasp Cutting Machines,
I, JOHN ADAM HESS, of the City and County of Philadelphia, State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: --
My invention relates to improvements in file or rasp cutting machines, and
consists of a novel manner of supporting and actuating the tool. carrying head,;
said' head and its adjuncts reciprocating or moving in a curvilinear or are shaped
path.
It also consists of novel means for adjusting the depth of the cut and the extent.
of curvilinear motion imparted to the cutting tool.
It also consists of a novel construction of pawl and ratchet mechanism for
imparting transverse and longitudinal movements at the proper intervals to the
blank, means being also provided for cutting files of different sizes according, to
requirements.
It also consists of novel clutch and tripping mechanism for arresting the
movement of the file blank.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a file or rasp cutting machine con-
structed according to my invention..
Figure 2 represents a part vertical sectional view, showing the means for
imparting a curvilinear motion to the cutting tool.
Figure represents, on an enlarged scale, a diametric perspective view of the
pawl and ratchet mechanism seen, at the side of Figure.1, but viewed from the
rear of the latter.
Figure 4 represents on an enlarged scale, a sectional view on, line X Figure 1..
Figure 5 represents a section of the clutch mechanism on line. Z Z Figure 6.
Figure 6 represents a section on line Y Y Figure 5.
Figures 7 and 8 represent side, and front elevations respectively of the tripping
meclianism.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
a Figure 1 designates a pulley to which power is applied, said pulley, being
mounted upon the crank shaft which carries the disc c, provided with a slot d,
wherein is secured the upper end e of the connecting rod f, its lower. end being
secured to one end of the knuckle g, whose other end is secured to the member h
Figure 3 of the bell crank, loosely mounted upon the rod k, to which latter is
secured the ratchet wheel 7, actuated by the pawl m, carried. upon the arm », which
carries the spring p, whereby said pawl is caused to engage said ratchet wheel,
any improper movement thereof being prevented by the dog q.
Figures 1 and 3 designates a sprocket wheel secured to the shaft & and rotating
in unison therewith.
s designates a sprocket chain passing around the wheel and the lower sprocket
wheel t, said chain being composed of links of varying thickness, resulting in the

page_text: alternate thick and thin portions and respectively, said chain contacting with
the roller w, carried by the heade of the threaded rod y, screwed into the trans-
versely movable bed, which is mounted upon the ways 7. The roller on the
head always contacts with the sprocket chain by reason of the tension of spring 2,
Figure 4 contained within the casing 3, one end of said spring contacting with
the adjacent wall of the plunger, while its opposite end contacts with the
follower 5, which is adjusted by the threaded stem 6, said plunger 4 having the
portion attached to or integral with the bed z, whereby the latter will be
positively retained in position.
The shaft carries a sleeve provided with the oppositely located pins 8,
Figure 1 which are adapted to lift, at the proper intervals, the lever 9 Figure 3
fulcrumed at 10, said lever having one end the spring 11 attached thereto and
which pulls downwardly thereon.
12 designates an arm of said lever carrying the pawl 13 adapted to engage the
teeth of the ratchet wheel 14, said pawl being held in position by the spring 15.
The ratchet wheel 14 is secured to the gear 16, and revolves therewith, the bearings
of said gear being omitted from Figure 3 for clearness of illustration.
17 designates a pinion meshing with the gear 16 and mounted upon the shaft 18,
whose bearings are not shown.
19 designates a worm or spiral gear carried by the shaft 18, and meshing with
the pinion 20 which is internally threaded and engages the feed screw 21, said
pinion being held in fixed position by its engagement with the portion 22 of the
bed z Figure 2.
.
23 Figures 1 and 2 designates an upper bed which is longitudinally movable on
the bed z and provided with ways 24.
25 designates clamping devices on the bed 23, whereby the file blank 26 is held.
The feed screw 21 is provided with the handle 27 and pawl and ratchet
mechanism 28, whereby it can be mechanically rotated when desired.
29 designates boxes mounted on the cranked portion of the shaft b and pivotally
connected by adjusting devices 30 with the head 31, in which is pivotally mounted
the holder 32, which carries the punch 33, whereby the rotation of the crank shaft b
raises and lowers said head, which moves in a curvilinear path by reason of the
curved ways 34, said head being held in position by curved strips 35, one of which
is seen in Figure 1.
37 designates an upright movable bed, which is pivoted at 38, and has
curvilinear ways corresponding to the ways 34 its lower end being rigidly held
by the spring 39, which is secured at the point 40.
41 designates a portion of the machine through which passes the adjusting
screw 42, whereby the position of the bed 37 can be adjusted.
43 designates a weight attached to the connection 44 which passes over a
pulley or roller 45, whereby the backlash or play of the feed screw 21 is taken up.
46 Figures 1 and 7 designates a rod operating the clutch mechanism 47, whereby
the machine can be automatically stopped.
48 Figure 3 designates a cushion, supported on the post 49, which is adjustable
vertically by means of screw 51, said cushion taking up the shock of the lever 9
in its descent.
'
50 Figure 1 designates a crank handle for turning the shaft and wheel r.
whereby the position of the bed and the blank 26 thereon can be adjusted
according to requirements by the rotation of the chains to the proper extent.
The operation of the machine is as follows:
The rotation of the crank shaft through the intermediate connections imparts
a reciprocating movement to the punch 33 and connecting rod f, the latter rocking
the bell crank j, which carries the pawl m, whereby the ratchet wheel 7, and the
sprocket wheel will rotate. The movement of the parts is so timed that while
the punch 33 is moving upwardly, the file blank moves transversely a distance
equal to the space between a pair of teeth, whereby the transverse row of punches
or teeth is produced, the transverse movement of the bed z being effected by the
:

page_text: varying thicknesses of the links composing the chains as is evident, the operation
of the ratchet being sufficient to bring the centre of a link against the wheel w,
after each movement of said chain, said bed z being held in position by the spring 2,
which holds the roller w in contact with said chain. While the bed z is being
moved transversely to one extreme position, the pins 8 revolve, the movement
being so timed that one of said pins will raise the lever 9 and thereby actuate the
arm 12 and pawl 13, whereby the gear 16 and pinion 17 will be
rotated, thereby rotating the worm 19 and pinion 20, which actuates the feed
screw 21 to the required extent. By this time the sprocket chain has travelled
sufficiently to permit the transverse movement of the bed z and the bed 23 carried
thereby in the opposite direction to the desired extent so that another transverse
row of punches is produced and so on. The operation of the ratchet and pawl
mechanisms, whereby the requisite transverse and longitudinal movements of the
file blank are produced during punching will be best understood from Figure 3,
the movement of the parts being so timed that the forward movement of the file
blank does not occur until the transverse movement thereof is completed.
The extent of movement or travel of the head 31 can be varied by manipulating
the adjusting devices 30. By supporting the bed 37 as indicated and providing the
adjusting screw 42, the exact angle at which the punch 33 strikes the file blank
can be regulated.
By employing the spring 2 and chain s, having links of varying thicknesses, I
am enabled to impart a positive and unvarying movement to the bed z. The
rod 46 which actuates the clutch mechanism 47 can be located so as to be operated
automatically when the bed 23 has moved to the desired extent. By the handle 50,
the shaft k, sprocket wheel and chains can be actuated so as to adjust the position
of the bed and the file blank according to requirements, the various parts being
adjusted according to requirements, so that file blanks of different sizes can be
cut with equal facility.
'
Figures 5 to 8 inclusive illustrate the automatic tripping and clutch mechanism,
pulley a having the ring 51 seated therein between which and the sleeve 52 are
the cylinders 53, which latter are seated in the recesses 54 of said sleeve, which
is secured to the reduced portion 73 of the shaft b.
55 designates a nose on the sleeve 56 which is rotatably mounted on the enlarged
portion of the shaft b and held in position by the ring 57, said sleeve 56 having
the inwardly projecting members 58, whose location with respect to the cylinders 53
will be understood from Figure 5.
59 designates an adjustable screw on lever 60, fulcrumed at 61, which has
secured to the end 62 one end of spring 63, the other end thereof being secured
at 64. The end 65 of lever 60 has the arm 46 pivoted thereto and passing through
slot 67 of the bracket 68, said arm having a tooth 69 which engages the bracket 68,
the lower end of said arm being adapted to be struck by the abutment 71 which
is adjustable in the ways 72 and held by means of nuts 73.
The parts normally appear as seen in Figure 7, and it will be apparent that
power having been applied to the pulley a will cause it and shaft b to rotate, said
rotation continuing until abutment 71, contacts with the end 70 and disengages
the tooth 69 from bracket 68, whereupon spring 63 will pull the bolt 59 into contact
with the nose 55, whereby the cylinders will be moved by the members 58 into
the position seen in Figure 5 and the rotation of pulley will continue but the
rotation of shaft b will cease. The abutment 71 and the screw 59 are adjustable.
74 designates a spring having one end secured to the sleeve 56, while its other
end engages the shaft b, said spring 74 exerting a pull upon the sleeve 56 and
causing the same to rotate upon the shaft b, in the direction indicated by the
arrow 75, in Figure 5, the projecting members 58 being caused to move in a
similar direction and force the cylinders 53 firmly against the walls 76 and 77
of the ring 51 and sleeve 52 respectively, thereby producing a friction between
said cylinders and walls sufficient to cause the pulley a to rotate the shaft b.
When the nose 55 is brought in contact with the screw 59 the latter causes- the

page_text: sleeve 56 and members 58 to come to a sudden stop, which will force the
cylinders 53 from their wedged positions between the walls 76 and 77 in the
enlarged spaces 78 between said walls, and the friction between the latter and the
cylinders 53 no longer existing the shaft ceases to be rotated by the pulley a.
When it is desired that the pulley a should transmit motion to the shaft b, the
rod 46 is pulled downwardly, by hand, so as to cause the nose 69 to again engage
the bracket 68, is seen in Figure 7.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
:-
1st. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a bed, a sprocket chain of
varying thickness, connections intermediate- said bed and sprocket chain, and
means for actuating the latter.
2nd. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a support for a blank, a punch
holder, means for reciprocating said holder, means for actuating said support
longitudinally, and a sprocket chain of varying thickness for moving said support
transversely,
3rd. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a transversely movable bed, a
sprocket chain having links of varying thicknesses for actuating said, bed trans-
versely, and means for operating said sprocket chain.
4th. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a transversely movable bed,
a spring and a sprocket chain of varying thickness for moving said bed, means for
operating said chain, and means for actuating said bed longitudinally.
5th. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a transversely movable bed, a
sprocket chain of varying thickness for actuating said bed, an upper bed sup-
ported on the latter, and means for actuating said upper bed longitudinally.
6th. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a crank shaft, a connecting rod
actuated thereby, a shaft carrying a sprocket wheel, pawl and ratchet mechanisms
operated by said connecting rod and adapted to operate said sprocket wheel, a
sprocket chain engaging said wheel, a transversely movable bed actuated by said
chain, and a longitudinally movable bed supported upon said first mentioned bed.
7th. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a shaft, a sprocket wheel
carried thereby, a sprocket chain engaging said wheel, said chain having links of
varying thickness, a ratchet wheel secured to said shaft, a lever loose on the latter,
a pawl carried by an arm of said lever and engaging said wheel, said ratchet
wheel, sprocket wheel and chain moving in unison, and a bed actuated by said
sprocket chain.
8th. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a lower bed, means for
actuating the same transversely, an upper bed, pawl and ratchet mechanisms
actuating a feed screw, and connections common to said feed screw and upper bed,
whereby the latter is actuated longitudinally.
9th. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, an upright movable bed
pivotally supported, means for adjusting said hed, the latter having a curved face
against which the curved back of a movable head is adapted to contact, a punch
holder carried by said head, and means for reciprocating said head and holder.
10th: In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, the combination of a crank
shaft, boxes carried thereby, a head, adjusting devices common to the latter and
to said boxes, said head having a curved rear surface, a curved or concave bed
against which said head contacts, a spring engaging said head, and an adjusting
screw. for varying the position of the latter.
11th. The combination of a crank shaft, a head operated thereby. said head
having a curved back adapted to co-act with a bed having a curved or concave
face, a tool holder pivotally mounted in said head, and means for adjusting the
arc of movement of said head and tool holder.
12th. The combination of a crank shaft, a punch actuated thereby, a crank disc
carried by said shaft, a connecting rod actuated by said crank disc, a longitudinally-

page_text: extending shaft, a bell crank loose on said shaft and actuated by said connecting
rod, a ratchet wheel fastened to said shaft, a pawl on one arm of said bell crank
engaging said ratchet wheel, a sprocket wheel tight on said shaft, a sprocket chain
of varying thickness engaged by said sprocket wheel, a transversely movable bed
actuated by said sprocket chain, a spring-pressed lever suitably fulcrumed, a pawl
carried by an arm of said lever, pins carried by said shaft for actuating said lever,
a gear having a ratchet wheel attached thereto, said ratchet wheel being engaged
by said last mentioned pawl, a shaft carrying a pinion in mesh with said gear, a
worm on said shaft, an upper longitudinally movable bed supported upon said
transversely movable bed, a feed screw for actuating said upper bed, and a pinion
engaging said worm and operating said feed screw.
13th. The combination of upper and lower sprocket wheels, a chain common
thereto of varying thickness, a transversely movable bed, devices intermediate
said bed and chain, and a spring located on the opposite side of said bed.
14th. In a machine for cutting rasps and the like, a shaft carrying a sprocket
wheel, a sprocket chain of varying thickness engaging said wheel, pawl and
ratchet mechanisms operating said wheel, a bed, devices intermediate said bed
and chain, a spring adapted to move said bed in the direction of said chain, and
means for normally rotating said shaft, so as to adjust the position of said bed.
15th. In a machine for punching rasps and the like, the combination of a
laterally moving bed, a longitudinally moving bed, the latter supporting the file
blank, means for actuating said beds, a clutch mechanism, and a tripping device
actuated by said longitudinally moving bed, and operating said clutch mechanism.
16th. In a machine for punching rasps and the like, a longitudinally movable
bed, adapted to carry a file blank, a reciprocating punch, means for actuating said
bed and punch, a clutch mechanism and tripping devices operated by said.bed
for actuating said clutch mechanism.
17th. In a machine for punching rasps and the like, a rotatable shaft, a clutch
mechanism carried thereby, a longitudinally movable bed adapted to carry a file
blank, and a tripping device operated by said bed and adapted to actuate said
clutch mechanism.
18th. In a machine for punching rasps and the like, a longitudinally movable
bed, a reciprocating punch movable in an adjustable curvilinear path, a clutch,
and tripping mechanism actuated by said bed for operating said clutch.
19th. In a machine for punching rasps and the like, a reciprocating punch,
a longitudinally movable bed, a transversely movable bed, a sprocket chain of
varying thickness for actuating the latter, a clutch mechanism, and a tripping
device actuated by said bed for actuating said clutch mechanism.
20th. In a machine for making rasps and the like, a reciprocating punch, a
longitudinally movable bed, clutch mechanism controlling the movement of said
punch, and tripping devices operated by said bed and adapted to actuate said
clutch mechanism.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.