Improvements in and in Apparatus for Forging Shells.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 30th July, 1891-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in and in Apparatus for Forging Shells.
I ABRAHAM MARTIN, of 177 Aston Lane, Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the forging of the bases of shells by a series of stamping
operations.
My invention comprises means whereby a number of dies or punches differing
progressively in form or dimensions may be interposed in rapid succession between
a power-hammer and the work to be shaped, the said means being adapted to the
nature of the work to be performed.
The base of the shell is closed and brought to the final form at a single heat by
this series of operations, usually limited however to the use of two dies or swages
one of which may be mounted on the hammer tup and the other be spring
supported by a pivoted holder and be brought into position over the work, which
will thus receive the first blow from the hammer swage and the next from the
swage interposed between the hammer swage and the work. Both or any number
of swages may however be mounted upon the tool carrier and be brought in
succession between the hammer and the work.
Dated September 30th 1890
A. MAKTIN.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in Apparatus for Forging Shells.
I, ABRAHAM MARTIN, of 177, Aston Lane, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the operation of closing in the base of a shell behind or
around the internal ring or bushing described in a previous application for Letters
Patent dated the 24th day of July 1890 No.. 11616 and bringing the base to its
final form by a series of forging or stamping operations without reheating.
My invention comprises means whereby a number of dies or swages differing
progressively in form or dimensions may be interposed in rapid succession between
a power-hammer and the work to be shaped, the said' dies or swages being spring-
supported in a pivoted carrier and adapted to be thereby brought in succession
directly over the bed or anvil in which the work is held so that at each fall of
the hammer a fresh die will be made to act on the work.
By this means the base of the shell may be closed and brought to the final form
at a single heat. The series of operations for this purpose is, however, usually
limited to the use of two or three dies or swages, one of which may be mounted on
the hammer tup and the other or others carried by the pivoted swage holder or
holders, the work receiving certain of the blows through the medium of the swage
or swages interposed between the hammer and the work. Both, or any number of,
swages may however be mounted upon swage carriers and be brought in succession
between the hammer and the work.

page_text: Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, wherein
Figure 1 is a part sectional front elevation of the hammer shewing the work
acted on by the first swage which in the example illustrated carried by the tup.
Figure 2 is a sectional side elevation shewing a swage carried by the pivoted
holder interposed between the tup and the work.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan shewing two pivoted holders.
Figures 4 to 6 are drawn to a larger scale, Figure 4 being a vertical section of
the shell before the base is closed-in. Figure 5 illustrates the operation of the
first die or swage. Figure 6 illustrates the operation of the second swage.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
The body of the shell A having been internally screw-threaded and had a
screw-threaded steel ring or bushing B screwed into it, as described in my previous
Patent, is heated at the end to be closed-in and placed in a corresponding bed die
or matrix under the tup C of a steam, compressed air or mechanical power-operated
hammer of any kind. This tup may carry a die or swage D of the concavely
conical form shewn in Figures 1 and 5 whereby the edges of the shell are at the first
blow crushed inwards as shewn in those figures. The second die or swage E is
mounted in a lever F hinged at f and pivoted at f¹ to the frame of the hammer
and working over a notched quadrant G. This die is guided in a hole in the lever
and is provided with a flange or head e at its upper part which is guided in a
socket H on the lever containing a spring I confined between the head e of the die
and the lever whereby the bringing of the die over the work, its depression under
the blow of the hammer and its rise and removal from operative position, may be
performed in rapid succession.
If more than two dies are required, a third one may be similarly mounted on
the same lever side by side with the first so as to be brought into operative position
by a further movement of the lever. Or a different lever F¹ may be used for each
die, the levers being pivoted on a common centre as shewn in Figure 3.
It is to be understood that the final instead of the initial blow may be delivered
directly upon the work by the tup or by a swage carried thereby, which would in
that case be of the form shewn in Figure 6.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a forging or stamping machine for closing in the bases of shells, the
combination, with a power or machine operated hammer tup and bed die, of a
pivoted swage holder wherein the swage is spring supported as described, so as to
enable the die to be readily brought into operative position over the work and to
be depressed under the blow of the hammer tup, substantially as specified.
2. The herein described method of closing-in the base of a shell at one heat, by
a succession of blows delivered through the medium of swages mounted and
brought successively into operative position, as described.
Dated this 20th dox of Tul 1001
ABRAHAM MARTIN.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.