Improvements in and connected with Furnaces or Kilns using Solid or Gaseous Fuel for Burning or Calcining Limestone, Ore, and like Substances.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1895-Accepted, 7th Sept., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Furnaces or Kilns using Solid
or Gaseous Fuel for Burning or Calcining Limestone, Ore, and
like Substances.
I, WILLIAM DEIGHTON of 13 Hyde Terrace, Leeds; in the County of York
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
My present invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
furnaces, or kilns, using solid, or gaseous fuel for burning or calcining limestone,
ores, or similar substances, and has for its object the construction of such furnaces,
or kilns with a hopper and throat piece of metallic plates lined with refractory
material, the fuel used in connection therewith being either, solid or, gaseous, such
as for instance water gas, producer. gas, or a mixture of water & producer gas, the
gases escaping from blast or other furnaces, or other gases, for the purpose of
driving off the whole or part of the moisture or gases contained, in the raw, material
in the hopper or upper part of the kiln or furnace.
In constructing my improved furnace, or kiln, I; use one or more casings of
metallic plates of, any desired shape or form, (but preferably round,) the top part
or hopper, being connected with the lower part or, kiln, by a narrow opening or
throat, which may be constructed of refractory material or a water cooled ring
may advantageously be used. The whole of the hopper and kiln, I line with
refractory material. At. a suitable height from the floor line I place one or more
openings, or doors, in the side of the furnace or kilne, for the purpose of admitting
solid, or gaseous fuel for burning or caleining the limestone or other material under
treatment.
Above the openings for admitting the fuel, I spring an arch or roof of refractory
material or iron plates lined with refractory material; (which may be water cooled
if desired), and in the centre of this arch or roof I leave a circular or other form
of opening, which I connect with a hopper above by means of a throat of refractory
material or a water cooled ring. This throat. of refractory material or water
cooled ring I so arrange as to be. easily withdrawn or removed for repairs &c.,
without disturbing or removing any part of the furnace or kiln and hopper.
The underside or bottom part of the hopper I by preference construct in the
form of an inverted cone, the section of the lower.edge being similar in size & form
to the opening in the arch or roof of kiln, which is connected to it by means
of the before mentioned throat of refractory material or water cooled ring.
The top part of the hopper may if desired be left open, but I prefer to make it
terminate in a funnel head or chimney, in which 1 place a suitable damper to
regulate the escape of the gases.
I also provide in any convenient part of the top of the hopper an opening or
openings furnished with suitable doors for the purpose of charging the hopper with raw
material. The raw material from the hopper in a calcined or semi-calcined state
passes through the movable throat of refractory material or water cooled ring, &
falls into the kiln or furnace in such a form as to leave an open space between the
arch, the sides or lining of the kiln or furnace & the material.
Through the casing & lining of the kiln or furnace, & opposite this space are
placed the charging doors or openings for solid fuel, & when gaseous fuel is used

page_text: the tuyeres & orifices for admitting the gas & air; the before mentioned space
forming a combustion chamber for the gases generated & adınitted.
When solid fuel is used, mechanical stokers or other automatic arrangements or
appliances may be used in order to prevent the cooling influence caused by cold air
entering the kiln or furnace, as is the case during the process of hand firing.
The before mentioned hopper & throat piece or water cooled ring may be applied
advantageously to any existing kiln or furnace constructed either of metallic plates,
or masonry.
Dated this 25th day of September 1894.
Improvements in and connected with Furnaces or Kilns using Solid
or Gaseous Fuel for Burning or Calcining Limestone, Ore, and
like Substances.
I WILLIAM DEIGHTON of 13 Hyde Terrace Leeds in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My present invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
furnaces or kilns using solid or gaseous fuel for burning or calcining limestone ores
or similar substances and has for its object the construction of such furnaces or
kilns with a hopper and throat piece of metalic plates lined with refractory
material, the fuel used therewith being either solid or gaseous such as for instance
water gas, producer gas or a mixture of water gas & producer gas and the gases
escaping from blast or other furnaces for the purpose of driving off the whole or
part of the moisture or gases contained in the raw material in the hopper or upper
part of the kiln or furnace.
In constructing my improved furnace or kiln A. B I use one or more caseings C
of metalic plates of any desired shape or form, but preferably round. The top
part or hopper B being connected with the lower part of kilu A by a narrow
opening or throat piece D which may be constructed of refractory material or a
water cooled ring F may be advantageously used. The whole hopper and kiln
I line with refractory material E such as fire brick.
At a suitable height from the floor line I place one or more openings or doors G
in the side of the furnace or kiln A. for the purpose of admitting sulid or gaseous
fuel for burning or calcining the limestone or other material under treatment.
Above the openings for admitting the fuel (in the lower part of kiln A) I spring
an arch H or roof of retractory material or iron plates lined with refractory
material (which may be water cooled if desired,) and in the centre of this arch or
roof H. I leave a circular or other form of opening J which I connect with the
hopper B. above by means of a throat piece of refractory material D or a water
cooled ring F. This throat of refractory material D or water cooled ring F 1 so
arrange as to be easily withdrawn or removed for repairs or other purposes
without disturbing or removing any part of the kiln or furnace A and hopper B.
The underside or bottom part of the hopper B. I by preference construct in the
form of an inverted cone K the section of the lower edge being similar in size and
form to the openings in the arch or roof H of the kiln A. which is connected to it
by means of the before mentioned throat of refractory material D or water cooled
ring F.
The top part of the hopper B may if desired be left open but I prefer to make

page_text: it terminate in a tunnel head or chimney L in which I place a suitable damper M.
to regulate the escape of the gases.
I also provide in any convenient part of the top of the hopper B. an opening or
openings N. furnished with suitable doors for the purpose of charging the hopper B
with raw material. The raw material from the hopper B either in a semicalcined
or calcined state passes through the moveable throat of refractory material D or
water cooled ring F and falls into the kiln or furnace A in such a form as to leave
an open space or combustion chamber between the arch H the sides or lining of
refractory material E of the kiln A and the material P.
Through the caseing C and lining E of the kiln or furnace A. and opposite the
space are placed the charging doors G. or openings for solid fuel and when
gaseous fuel is used, tuyers are used in same openings and connected to gas.
tubes thus admitting the gas and air. The before mentioned space O forming.
a combustion chamber for the gases generated and admitted.
When solid fuel is used mechanical stokers or other automatic arrangements or
appliances may be used in order to prevent the cooling influence caused by cold
air entering the kiln or furnace A as is the case during the process of hand fireing.
The before mentioned hopper B and throat piece D. F may be applied
advantageously to any existing kiln, constructed either of metalic plates or
masonry.
The nature of my invention and the manner of working same will be better
understood on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation through the centre line of kiln & hopper shewing
solid fuel door G and gas arrangements Q.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of kiln and hopper.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on line a. b.
The same letters are used and refer to similar parts wherever they are repeated.
A. is the lower part of kiln.
B is the hopper or upper part of kiln.
C is the metalic caseing.
D & F the moveable throat piece.
E. refractory material (fire brick).
G fireing doors.
H. arch or roof.
I opening in roof.
K inverted cone part of hopper.
L chimney.
M damper.
N. charging door.
O. annular space or combustion chamber.
P. material in kiln A.
gas burner and pipes.
R the drawing doors.
S the fireing stage.
T the charging stage.
U the tube for taking off gases for manufacturing purposes.
V the openings in neck piece.
In working my improved kiln the raw material is charged in to the hopper B
through the door or opening N. the material in descending comes in contact with,
and absorbs the heat from the escaping gases ascending from the kiln below thus
driving off the moisture and gases contained in the raw material. After the
material as passed through the neck piece D. F it falls into the kiln A in such a
way as to leave an annular space as at O.
Through the door G fuel is admitted as required for the complete calcination of
the material. In falling from this part of the kiln A (the zone of greatest
temperature) the calcined material gradualy cools down and is taken out at the
door R. or use as required.

page_text: .
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. The combination of a calcining kiln or furnace with a hopper or upper.
chamber in metalic caseings substantially as herein described and illustrated.
2nd. The combination of a calcining kiln or furnace with masonry or brickwork
caseing, with a hopper or upper chamber in metalic caseing substantially as herein.
described.
3rd. The combination of a caleining kiln or furnace with hopper or upper
chamber with an intermediate moveable neck piece substantially as herein
described and illustrated.
4th. The application of water gas producer gas, waste gases from the blast
furnace or other furnaces for calcining the material in the manner as herein
previously set forth and described.
5th. The application of solid or gaseous fuel in an annular or partly annular
space or combustion chamber or chambers formed by the material falling from the
neck piece to kiln substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Dated this 24th day of June 1895.
WILLIAM DEIGHTON