Improvements in Petroleum-burners for Lamps, Lanterns, Heaters, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Aug., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 30th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 27th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum-burners for Lamps, Lanterns, Heaters,
and the like.
We, MAX GRAETZ and ADOLF GRAETZ, both of 31, Lausitzer Strasse, Berlin,
Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:
Our invention relates to a petroleum-burner adapted to produce a blue flame of
little luminosity, but of intense heat. We attain this effect by means of a special
cap and a spreader provided with a central draught-tube, as will be more clearly
described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a central sectional elevation of our improved burner, as applied to a
lamp.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan of the same.
A is the annular wick arranged between the wick-tubes B B', as in ordinary
central-draught burners. C is a cap made of any suitable metal or other refractory
material and secured concentrically with the wick. This cap nearly fills the
space at the upper end of the wick, leaving only a narrow annular channel D.
The top face of the cap is provided with a central hole C¹ and is made entirely
flat, as shown on the left in the drawing, or inclined at any angle, for instance
as shown on the right in the drawing. In the centre of the cap C I secure
a tube E which is provided with a spreader F at its upper end. The bottom and
top end of the tube E are closed by sieve-plates G. The other parts of the
lamp shown in the drawing are constructed in usual manner, and therefore do
not require any further explanation.
The operation of the burner is as follows: The combustion air is fed to the
flame on its interior and exterior side. A small amount of air rises in the
annular channel D, but the main part of the air ascends in the cap C and issues
at the top of the same. Owing to the formation of the cap at the top (the
hole C being of course of a diameter inferior to the inner width of the cap C)
the ascending current of air is forced inwards and strikes against the spreader F.
In consequence thereof, the air is deviated outwardly and forces the flame towards
the exterior edge of the wick A. The latter is raised so as to nearly touch the
spreader F, whereby only a narrow channel is left for the passage of the air;
thus a very strong draught will be created. By the heat of the flame burning
at the exterior edge of the wick A the fluid petroleum is changed into vapours
at the inner edge of the same; these vapours ascend vertically and get mixed
to the air, by which they are carried to the flame to be ignited there. The flame
thus produced is of a blue colour, of little lighting power, but of a very intense
heat, which makes it hightly suitable for heating purposes, but we may also employ
this heat for bringing refractory materials, such as lime, or wire-gauze into an
incandescent state, and thus obtaining a very brilliant light.
The heating effect of the before described burner is increased by the air
ascending in the channel D, and especially by the air rising through the central
tube E. The spreader F is intensely heated, and this heat is transmitted to the
tube E, whereby the air travelling upwards through the same gets strongly heated
and thus contributes to increase the heat of the flame. It is further an important
feature of our invention, that the air rising in tube E is divided into a number

page_text: of narrow jets by the sieves G. whereby this air more casily absorbs the heat
emanating from the walls of said tube.
Dated this 15th dox of Avant 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum-burners for Lamps, Lanterns, Heaters,
and the like.
We, MAX GRAETZ and ADOLF GRAETZ, both of 31, Lausitzer Strasse, Berlin,
Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to a petroleum-burner adapted to produce a blue flame of
little luminosity, but of intense heat. We attain this effect by means of a special
cap and a spreader provided with a central draught-tube, as will be more clearly
described hereinafter with reference to the drawings, sent in with Provisional.
Application, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a central sectional elevation of our improved burner, as applied to a
lamp.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan of the same.
A is the annular wick arranged between the wick-tubes B B', as in ordinary
central-draught burners. C is a cap made of any suitable metal or other refractory
material and secured concentrically with the wick. This cap nearly fills the space
at the upper end of the wick, leaving only a narrow annular channel D. The top
face of the cap is provided with a central hole C¹ and is made entirely flat, as
shown on the left in the drawing, or inclined at any angle, for instance as shown on
the right in the drawing. In the centre of the cap C we secure a tube E which is
provided with a spreader F at its upper end. The bottom and top end of the
tube E are closed by sieve-plates G. The other parts of the lamp shown in the
drawing are constructed in usual manner, and therefore do not require any further
explanation.
The operation of the burner is as follows: The combustion air is fed to the
flame on its interior and exterior side. A small amount of air rises in the annular
channel D, but the main part of the air ascends in the cap C and issues at the top
of the same. Owing to the formation of the cap at the top (the hole C' being of
course of a diameter inferior to the inner width of the cap C) the ascending current
of air is forced inwards and strikes against the spreader F. In consequence
thereof, the air is deviated outwardly and forces the flame towards the exterior
edge of the wick A. The latter is raised so as to nearly touch the spreader F,
whereby only a narrow channel is left for the passage of the air; thus a very
strong draught will be created. By the heat of the flame burning at the exterior
edge of the wick A the fluid petroleum is changed into vapours at the inner edge
of the same; these vapours ascend vertically and get mixed to the air, by which
they are carried to the flame to be ignited there. The flame thus produced is of a
blue colour, of little lighting power, but of a very intense heat, which makes it
highly suitable for heating purposes, but we may also employ this heat for bringing
refractory materials, such as lime, or wire-gauze, into an incandescent state, and
thus obtaining a very brilliant light.
The heating effect of the before described burner is increased by the air
ascending in the channel D, and, especially by the air rising through the central
tube E. The spreader F is intensely heated, and this heat is transmitted to the
tube E, whereby the air travelling upwards through the same gets strongly heated

page_text: and thus contributes to increase the heat of the flame. It is further an important
feature of our invention, that the air rising in tube E is divided into a number of
narrow jets by the sieves G, whereby this air more easily absorbs the heat
emanating from the walls of said tube.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In petroleum-burners, the combination with the cap C, arranged in the inner
wick-tube B' and having a flat or inclined top face, of the central tube E provided
with a top plate F, substantially as described.
2. In petroleum-burners: The cap C arranged in a small distance from the inner
wick-tube B, and having a flat or inclined top face, of the central tube E, provided
with a top plate F, substantially as described
3. In petroleum-burners, the arrangement of sieve-plates G at the bottom or top
end of the central tube E, in combination with the cap C arranged in the inner
wick-tube B' and having a flat or inclined top face, substantially and for the
purpose as described.
Dated o 1
1 1000
By Robert Deissler,
MAX GRAETZ,
ADOLF GRAETZ,
38, Alexander Strasse, Berlin, C., Germany, Agent for the Applicants.