IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARA- TION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Kilshaw, of Birch, near Middleton, in
the County of Lancaster, Manager, and Richard Hacking, of Bury,
in the same County, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARA-
TION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING."
Sealed the 6th March 1854, and dated the 12th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Kilshaw
and Richard Hacking at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 12th November 1853.
We, HENRY KILSHAW, of Birch, near Middleton, in the County of
Lancaster, Manager, and RICHARD HACKING, of Bury, in the same
County, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE
PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING " to
be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to a novel description of frame or machine for
preparing the cotton, &c. subsequently to the ordinary operation of
carding," and rendering it in a suitable state and form to be finally
spun into thread or yarn, and may be employed in such processes in

page_text: lieu of the ordinary "slubbing," "roving," or other machines where a
positive "twist" in the sliver is required, and is illustrated in principle
in the accompanying Drawings, which is an elevation of the elementary
parts of the mechanism only. A, is a frame with the top part fixed or
stayed to the "roller beam" to keep it steady whilst in motion, the
foot running in a step at the bottom of the frame. B, is a small up-
right shaft on which are placed the wheels to give motion to the frame
and drawing rollers; C, being the driving wheel, and. D, the twist
wheel that drives the wheel. E-on-the-foot of the frame. On. the small
uright shaft B is another wheel. 1, which works or holds the
wheel 2 through two intermedeates. On the side of the frame A is
a small upright shaft g, with a small pinion 3 at the bottom, which
works in the wheel 2, through a small intermediate wheel. Near the
bottom of the shaft g is a small wheel 4, that drives a wheel 5
inside of the frame. At the top of the upright shaft g, is a bebil wheel 6,
which drives two "taking in" rollers 7, placed at the top of the frame.
Inside the frame is placed a can or any other suitable receptacle for the
material as it is delivered by the small pair of rollers. At the top of the
frame R is a small tube, the end passes through to the two rollers 7;
and 8, 9, 10, are the drawing rollers to supply the frame. Now it is
evident that the roller 8 being stationary, and the material having to
pass through the tube R from the centre, with the revolving of the
frame and taking in rollers, will give it as much twist to the inch as
number of the revolutions of the frame is to one of the rollers 8. It is
also evident that if the wheel 2 at the foot of the frame was not
driven round by the wheel 1 on the upright shaft B, there could only
be one speed for the upright shaft g, consequently could not be a vary-
ing motion to the small rollers 7 at the top of the frame to correspond
with the speed of the roller 8; and the variation of twist required for
the small wheel 3 would run round the wheel 2, giving always one
speed to the upright shaft g; but the wheel 2 being driven at any
speed by the change wheel 1 on the upright shaft B would give just
what motion is required for the small rollers 7 to take the material as
it is delivered from the rollers 8, 9, 10; consequently a positive twist
and taking up motion is obtained. It is also evident that if the
receiving can inside the frame had not another motion besides the

page_text: frame motion, the material coming through the rollers 7 would always
come into the can at one place; but the can being yaried by the small
wheel 4 on the upright shaft g driving the can wheel 5 at the bottoni
will present always a different surface for the material to fall on, and
consequently fill the can as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Kilshaw and Richard Hacking in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
HENRY KILSHAW, of Birch, near Middleton, in the County of Lancaster,
Manager, and RIICHARD HACKING, of Bury, in the same County,
Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of November, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said Henry Kilshaw and Richard Hacking, Her especial
licence that we, the said Henry Kilshaw and Richard Hacking,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Henry Kilshaw and Richard Hacking, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI-
NERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Henry Kilshaw and Richard Hacking, by
an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand
and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Kilshaw, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):
Our Invention relates to a novel description of frame or machine
for preparing cotton, &c. subsequently to the ordinary operation of
"carding," and rendering it in a suitable state and form to be finally
spun into thread or yarn, and may be employed in such processes in
lieu of the ordinary "slubbing," "roving," or other machines where a
positive "twist" in the sliver is required. But in order that our In-
vention may be better understood and explained in detail we have
attached to these presents a Sheet of Drawings, in which the machine
is shewn about full size. Fig. 1, is a plan view; Fig. 2, an elevation.
The same letters apply to similar parts throughout. a, is a frame with
the top part fixed or stayed to the "roller beam" to keep it steady
whilst in motion, the foot running in a step at the bottom of the frame.
b, is a small upright shaft, on which are placed the wheels to give mo-
tion to the frame and "drawing rollers;" c, being the driving wheel,
and d, the "twist" wheel that drives the wheel e on the foot of the
frame. On the small upright shaft bis another wheel 1, which works
or holds the wheel 2, which is loose on its shaft, through two interme-
diates. On the side of the frame a is a small upright shaft g, with a
small pinion 3 at the bottom, which works in the wheel 2, through a
small intermediate wheel. Near the bottom of the shaft is a small
wheel 4, that drives a wheel 5 inside of the frame.
At the top of the
upright shaft g is a bevil wheel 6, which drives two "taking in"
rollers 7, placed at the top of the frame. Inside the frame is placed a
can or any other suitable receptacle for the material, as it is delivered
by the small pair of rollers (which is shewn as broken in the Figures to
shorten its length). At the top of the frame is a small tube f, through
which the sliver passes to the two rollers 7; 8, 9, 10, are the
drawing rollers" to supply the frame. Now it is evident that the
oller 8, being stationary, and the material having to pass through the
tube f from the centre, with the revolving of the frame and "taking in"
rollers, will give it as much "twist" to the inch as the number of the
revolutions of the frame is to one of the roller 8. It is also evident

page_text: that if the wheel 2 at the foot of the frame was not driven round by
the wheel I on the upright shaft b, there could only be one speed for
the upright shaft g, consequently could not be a varying motion to the
small rollers 7 at the top of the frame to correspond with the speed of
the roller 8, and the variation of twist required, for the small wheel 3
would run round the wheel 2, giving always one speed to the upright
shaft
g; but the wheel 2 being driven at any speed by the change
wheel 1 on the upright shaft 6 would give just what motion is
required for the small rollers 7 to take the material as it is delivered
from the rollers 8, 9, 10; consequently a positive "twist" and taking
up motion is obtained. It is also evident that if the receiving can
inside the frame had not another motion besides the frame motion, the
material coming through the rollers 7 would always come into the can
at one place, but the position of the can being varied by the small
wheel 4 on the upright shaft g driving the can wheel 5 at the bottom
will present always a different surface for the material to fall on, and
consequently fill the can as required.
Having thus particularly described our Invention, we desire it to be
distinctly understood that we claim the novel and peculiar arrangement
or combination of the wheels, gearing, and framing, as exhibited in the
Drawings attached to these presents, or any modification of the same
which shall have a similar effect, for the purpose o obtaining a "taking
in" motion, and imparting a positive and retained "twist" to the sliver
in combination with the double rotative motion of the can or receiver.
as above particularly described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Kilshaw, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, One thousand
oight hundred and fifty-four
HENRY KILSHAW. (L.S.)