matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PLACING FOG OR OTHER EXPLOSIVE SIGNALS ON OR IN COMMUNICATION WITH RAILWAY RAILS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Samuel Laycock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th January 1877.
WILLIAM SAMUEL LAYCOCK, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PLACING FOG OR OTHER EXPLOSIVE SIGNALS
ON OR IN COMMUNICATION WITH RAILWAY RAILS."
My Invention consists in a self-acting apparatus for placing one or more fog or
other explosive signals on railway rails or in communication therewith so that the
same may be exploded by the passing of the train.
'
The apparatus consists of a hopper or other chamber containing any required
number of explosive signals. The lower end of the hopper is open, and below is a
slide which is moved to and fro by a lever actuated by the signalman or by an
electro-magnet. When the slide is moved forward it conveys the lowest signal
from the hopper and places it on the line, and when the slide is drawn back it
allows another signal to drop ready to be pushed forward at the next move of the
slide. These explosive signals can be worked direct from any railway station or
from the signalman's box, and either independently or in combination with other
signals. At every motion of the lever or slide a signal is placed on the line, so that
in case of danger if the engine driver fails to notice the ordinary semaphore or lamp
signals and the train passes the explosive signal the explosion will attract the
driver's attention and cause him to stop the train.
Or the train in passing may act
on a lever or other equivalent to cause the fog or other signal to explode at some
distance from the line where the driver can see it clearly, the said lever or other
equivalent having been previously put in position by electricity or mechanism as
above described. Or the signals may be placed on arms fixed to a shaft which is
made to revolve intermittently by a catch and ratchet pinion. This catch is moved
to and fro when required to bring the signals on to the rail by a slide and lever
actuated by the signalman or by an electro-magnet, as above described.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MEDICINAL OR ANTI-SCORBUTIC COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A COOLING DRAUGHT
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bennington Moore at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1877.
JOHN BENNINGTON MOORE, of Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, Con-
fectioner. "A NEW OR IMPROVED MEDICINAL OR ANTI-SCORBUTIC COMPOUND TO
BE USED AS A COOLING DRAUGHT."
This Invention has for its object the preparation of a new or improved medicinal
or anti-scorbutic compound to be used, when mixed with water or other fluid, as a
cooling draught.
For this purpose I combine the essential oil of limes, or juice of limes, with
sugar, and tartaric or other acid in suitable proportions, which may be varied
according to the quantity of lime juice it is desired to use in different climates or
under different circumstances.
The compound may be rendered effervescent by combining a suitable quantity of
carbonate of soda or other alkali therewith.
The proportions which I find most generally useful are as follows:-7 pounds
of ground sugar, one pound of tartaric or other acid, one pound of carbonate of
soda, and a quarter of an ounce of essential oil of limes.
The compound thus combined may be kept in bottles, or otherwise in the form
of powder a suitable quantity of which is mixed with water or other fluid to
make a draught when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO STEAM BOILER FURNACES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE AND ECONOMISATION OF FUEL THEREIN
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Abraham Holt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th January 1877.
ABRAHAM HOLT, of the City of Manchester, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO STEAM BOILER FURNACES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE AND
ECONOMISATION OF FUEL THEREIN."
In carrying out my Invention I construct a passage from the ash-pit into a
pipe behind the bridge, and into this bridge which is hollow such pipe opens for the
purpose of admitting heated air to mix with the products of combustion passing
over the bridge; and in the flue of the boiler behind the bridge I apply a series of
vertical baffle plates, which are peculiar to this Invention in their only extending
half way across the flue being placed alternately on both sides of the flue, the
flame and products of combustion are thus compelled to take a zig-zag course
through the flue, and so to impinge upon the sides as well as well as the top of the
flue.
£6
Where Galloway" tubes are employed this method of applying baffle plates is
specially advantageous in causing the flame to wrap more effectually round such
Galloway" tubes, and thus to increase the heating power of the boiler.
A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR INTRODUCING INTO STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER VESSELS CON- TAINING STEAM FOR PREVENTING PRIMING, ALSO FOR PREVENTING AND REMOVING INCRUSTATION AND CORROSION THEREIN, AND ECONOMISING FUEL, ALSO APPLICABLE AS A LUBRICANT FOR CYLINDERS AND VALVES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bean at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th September 1877.
JAMES BEAN, of the City of Manchester, Drysalter. " A NEW OR IMPROVED
COMPOUND FOR INTRODUCING INTO STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER VESSELS CON-
TAINING STEAM FOR PREVENTING PRIMING, ALSO FOR PREVENTING AND REMOVING
INCRUSTATION AND CORROSION THEREIN, AND ECONOMISING FUEL, ALSO APPLICABLE
AS A LUBRICANT FOR CYLINDERS AND VALVES."
As a preventive of priming, and in order to prevent & remove incrustation,
corrosion, and abrasion in the interior of steam boilers, cylinders, puinps, valves,
and other parts of boilers or engines containing steam, I employ a compound herein-
after called tannic oil, and which is directly or indirectly introduced into such steam
boiler or other steam apparatus. This tannic oil is compounded of any oil or oils,
whether mineral, animal, or vegetable, or any other kind of oil or mixture of oils,
with tannic or gallic acid, or both of them, or with any mixture containing any
tannic or gallic acid, or with any compound derivative of tannic or gallic acid, or
any mixture of them; the aforesaid tannic oil being also a preservative of the
interior and metallic surfaces of steam apparatus.
The use of this compound effects a saving of fuel when used in apparatus for
generating steam, and it also acts as a lubricant for frictional surfaces of steam
apparatus. I prefer to tint or colour, and also to give a scent or odour to the
tannic oil by the admixture of any odoriferous or colouring matter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF ATTACHING REELS TO FISHING RODS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Mulhall Corbett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1877.
JOHN MULHALL CORBETT, of Delgany, in the County of Wicklow, Ireland, Civil
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF ATTACHING REELS TO FISHING
RODS."
This Invention consists in a novel method of applying or attaching the ordinary
reels to ordinary fishing rods, and designed,―
1st. To produce a balanced rod, that is, one which shall be well balanced, which-
ever side or lateral part of it may happen to be held uppermost.
2. To enable the reel to carry more line than in the ordinary arrangement.
3. To enable the rod, with its reel attached, to fit in a case little larger in
diameter than would be requisite for the rod without its reel.
Instead of attaching the reel to the outer surface of the fishing rod in the ordinary
manner I provide a frame consisting of two side plates or cheeks and two tubular
or hollow ends. Into one of these tubular ends (which may be of brass or other
suitable material) I insert the top part of the fishing rod, and into the other I insert
the lower portion or handle of the rod.
The tubular ends may be cast in one piece with the side plates or cheeks, between
which the reel is arranged, its axis passing through the side plates or cheeks. At
the outer side of one cheek is the handle for turning the reel. At the outer side of
the other may be ratchet arrangement or equivalent for preventing the unwinding
of the line.
APPARATUS FOR THE PROPULSION OF VEHICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charlotte Chater at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th January 1877.
CHARLOTTE CHATER, of Folkestone, in the County of Kent
APPARATUS FOR THE PROPULSION OF VEHICLES"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My Invention relates to improvements in the propulsion of vehicles of all kinds,
and consists in an arrangement of apparatus applied to the wheel or wheels of a
vehicle for propelling the same, as hereafter described.
'
According to my Invention I employ a tube bent to a semicircular form, and
inverted or otherwise arranged, with the wheel to be diven between the two ends
of the tube, which are open The tube is divided by a partition at the middle of
its length into two halves, which I will term cylinders, in each of which a piston 18
fitted to work, the piston being attached both to the same curved 1od passing from
the one cylinder to the other through a stuffing box in the division plate above
referred to.
The pistons are weighted, and act upon cranks on the wheel to be propelled,
and they are operated in the following manner -At the upper part of one cylinder
15 a small hole, to which is connected an an pump arranged conveniently on the
vehicle, and the au from the one cylindor is exhausted, thereby causing the weighted
piston therein to fall, and the opposite piston to rise, in this manner propelling the
wheel by means of the cranks, as above mentioned
IMPROVED WATERPROOF MATERIAL
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ritchie and Frederick Upton
" AN
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1877.
GEORGE RITCHIE, of Hounslow, and FREDERICK UPTON, of Hounslow.
IMPROVED WATERPROOF MATERIAL"
Our Invention consists in applying a thin sheet or sheets of gutta percha between
two layers of a fabric made from a material manufactured from the Ramie plant of
India, which same material is partly animal and partly vegetable. The two layers
of fabric are placed in opposite directions, that is to say, the warp of the top layer
runs in the same direction as the weft of the under layer, and vice versa. When
joined together by the sheet or sheets of gutta percha placed between them the
fabric thus produced is incapable of being torn, and comparatively indistructible.
It is also a bad conductor of heat, non-absorbent, perfectly air-tight, waterproof, and
quite inodorous, constituting an article of great public utility.
THE COMBINED CUP AND SAUCER, OR AN IMPROVED VESSEL FOR DRINKING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Layzell Scowen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1877.
THOMAS LAYZELL SCOWEN, of Gloucester House, Stoke Newington Green,
Islington, Middlesex. "THE COMBINED CUP AND SAUCER, OR AN IMPROVED VESSEL
FOR DRINKING AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This cup or vessel has a kind of saucer rim or base, so formed on or attached to it
that the saucer rim or base will retain a certain amount of liquid or slops within it
while drinking or pouring out the contents of cup or vessel. The side of this kind
of saucer rim or base is turned upward and inward, or a ledge formed inside the
side or rim; this inward turned riin or ledge may be all round or partly so of regular
or irregular shape or form, according to taste and the required size and capacity of
saucer or slop receptacle and the particular liquid the cup or vessel is intended for;
such a cup or vessel would be useful for jellies, ices, chemical liquids, and various
other purposes, and may be made in porcelain or other suitable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BOOTS, SHOES, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET TO RENDER THE SAME DAMP AND WATER PROOF
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Jolley and Thomas Hargreaves
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1877.
"
WILLIAM JOLLEY and THOMAS HARGREAVES, both of Heaton-Norris, in the
County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BOOTS, SHOES, AND
OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET TO RENDER THE SAME DAMP AND WATER
PROOF."
We introduce a thin sheet of metal, by preference lead, although any other metal
capable of being hammered or rolled into thin pliable sheets may be employed,
between the upper and lower soles of boots, shoes, and other coverings for the feet,
in the course of their manufacture or whilst being repaired, and thus we render such
articles damp and water proof.
In some cases we apply such metallic sheet above the upper sole for a similar
purpose.
AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR THERAPEUTIC AND COSMETIC PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Laker Mac Millan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd February 1877.
JAMES LAKER MAC MILLAN, of the Globe Company, Manufacturing Chemists, of
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND
FOR THERAPEUTIC AND COSMETIC PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to an improved compound, which is advantageously
applicable for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes; and it consists in combining mag-
nesia with olive oil or any other suitable vegetable oil of the class known as fixed
oils. The combination is formed by mixing the oil with water in which carbonate of
magnesia is dissolved, with the aid of carbonic acid. The product is an oleaginous
or saponaceous compound, the consistency of which depends upon the more or less
dilute state of the magnesian solution, whilst the compound can also be varied
by varying the relative proportions of oil and magnesia used in forming the
combination.
The improved compound forms by its itself a superior emollient and anti-
inflaminatory ointment, having a peculiar cooling action; whilst it is an extremely
convenient vehicle for therapeutic substances which are to be applied to the skin or
to wounds or sores.
For cosmetic or toilet purposes suitable varieties of the compound are extremely
well adapted, and may have aromatic or other essences combined with them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOVELS, SPADES, Scoops
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Cooke and Robert Henry
Cooke at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September
1877.
FREDERIC COOKE, of 33, New Bridge Street, London, E.C., Bankers' Clerk, and
ROBERT HENRY COOKE, of 11, King Street, London, E.C., Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOVELS, SPADES, Scoops."
An improvement in the manufacture of shovels, spades, scoops, and such like
articles, combining a riddle for cinders with a slide of plain metal, &c., or other
substance at the back of it, so as to close up the holes, thereby preventing a great
waste.
The shovel, or spade, or scoop will contain holes or openings in various forms, viz.,
circular, square, straight, or crossed, or in any other shape, and the articles are
made in all kinds of metals, woods, earthenware, gutta percha, india-rubber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING COAL, STONE, AND ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Yule at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 17th February 1877.
JOHN YULE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING COAL, STONE, AND ANALOGOUS
SUBSTANCES."
This Invention, which relates to certain improvements in the arrangement or
construction of machinery for cutting coal, stone, or analogous substances, is
especially designed for cutting deep grooves or slots therein, either horizontally,
vertically, or at any intermediate angle, for the purpose of superseding hand labour
in cutting grooves or slots in coal mines or quarries or other like situations in order to
effect the separation or breaking off of the coal or stone in the mine or quarry.
The Invention consists of one or more steam cylinders mounted upon cross slides
which are adjusted by means of screws or equivalent means in any required position,
and one of them parallel to the face of the work. The slides are provided with
screws, or racks, or chains, or the equivalent thereof, for the purpose of moving the
cylinder or cylinders thereon, both in the direction of the groove or slot longitu-
dinally as well as inwards, as the grooving or slotting progresses. Each steam
cylinder is provided with a piston and piston rod, and also with a valve, which is
actuated by tappets, link motion, or inclined planes, for the purpose of admitting
steam to alternate sides of the pistons, and thereby reciprocating them.
piston rod is provided with a cross head, which has sockets formed in it for carrying
jumpers or drills, of which two, three, or more may be used, and placed so that their
cutting edges preferably form an angle to each other, being alternately inclined in
opposite directions.
Each
The pistons, in place of being operated by steam, may be operated by compressed
air or gas, and the apparatus, besides being used for grooving or slotting, as herein-
before mentioned, may also be used for facing or hewing stone.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAYING CARDS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Godfiey and Maurice Spiegel
at the Othce of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1877
CHARLES GODFREY and MAURICE SPIEGEL, both of Bayswater, in the County of
Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAYING CARDS"
This Invention relates to improvements in printing or delineating the character
or device upon playing cards, in order that any particular card may be readily seen
and selected from the land by the player For this purpose, according to our
improvements the central or largest part of the surface of each playing card is
printed with the character or device representing its value in the ordinary manner,
but in addition to this the same character or device is printed on each corner of the
same card, by which the character and value of each card can be readily seen by
the player whichever way the cards may be placed or arranged in the hand whilst
plaving
It will be evident that the designs for each character or device printed upon the
cards may be greatly vaned without departing from the novelty of our Invention
In place of ananging the device, as previously described, the face of each card
may be divided into four parts, the character or device being printed in all four or
in two of the spaces only at angles to each other
IMPROVEMENTS IN
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Ciiffith Biewer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1877 (A communi-
cation from abroad by Sabourin ainé, of Paris, France.)
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of Chancery Lane, London
TAPS OR VALVES" (A communication from abroad by Sabourin amé, of Pans,
France)
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
According to this Invention the ordinary turning key or handle is dispensed with,
and one great advantage in it is in its being self-closing aftor the required quantity
of liquid has been withdiawn
The tap is composed of three principal parts, the first is for insertion in the
bung hole or aperture, the second is sciewod on to the flist, having two chambers
in its intero, that in front for the reception for a spring, and the other at the back
for lubrication and for fitting either a stuffing-box of leather, india-rubber, on the like
to prevent any escape, the thund part fits into the second part and rests on 19
adjusted on the rear of the latter by means of au india-rubber or other washer of a
piston, and this said third piece is operated by a spring A flange cup 01 pushing
piece is fixed to the latter piece to receive the neck of a bottle or other article to be
filled, if a glass bottle is employed on a vessel of analogous material which is liable
to be broken there is placed side a washer of india-iubber or other equivalent
material in order to prevent any shock, the said flange cup or presser is provided
with apertures for the escape of air
The tap may be double, in which case it is provided with a junction branch
screwed on to the first part, and which is fitted into the pipe or vessel from which the
liquid is to be drawn provided for that purpose with sciew thread, by this arrange-
ment two vessels from one receiver may be filled by one person at one and the same
time, whereby great economy of time is effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING AND WINDING YARNS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Walker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th December 1877.
JOHN WALKER, of Mansfield, in the County of Nottingham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING AND WINDING YARNS."
The doubling or winding machine may be of the usual construction, except that
I make the saddle rail of a different shape in section, and secure to it the bearings
for the top rollers; these bearings are of such a form that they prevent the top
rollers from dropping in front of the bottom roller, but upon a thread breaking,
allow the top roller to slide down into the space between the saddle rail and stud
rail. To the saddle rail for each top roller I hinge a balanced and weighted fork,
the front ends of which are turned upwards and bear against the axles of the top
roller, thereby keeping the said roller bearing upon the bottom roller.
The balanced fork carries a wire on its lower side terminating in a curl through
which the thread is passed, but upon the thread breaking, the front ends of the fork
rise clear of the axles of the top roller, and allows it to slide clear of the bottom
roller, thereby preventing lashing, waste, or roller laps.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BAKERS' AND OTHER OVENS."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Tomlinson and Robert Arthur
Tomlinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November
1877.
JOHN TOMLINSON and ROBERT ARTHUR TOMLINSON, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Builders. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BAKERS'
AND OTHER OVENS."
"
Our improved oven consists of a tiled or other floor, and of an arched roof as
usual; the furnace for heating the oven is placed under the door of the oven, and it
is also provided with an arched roof.
The heated products of combustion are conveyed through flues placed at each side
of the furnace to the inside of the oven, and in order to promote the combustion
of the smoke we convey heated air through a flue behind the bridge.
At the front and back of the oven are flues in communication with the chimney,
and in each flue is a damper, which can be opened and closed as required to distribute
the heat evenly over the whole surface of the oven.
At the back of the oven is a tile projecting from the roof, which forms an inverted
bridge to regulate the distribution of the heat.
In each back corner of the oven is a small flue, which flues are in communication
with the main flue at the back.
The front door of the oven is suspended to chains, which pass over guide
pulleys, and weights are suspended to the chains to assist in opening the door.
By means of these improvements bakers' and other ovens can be heated more
expeditiously, and with less fuel than usual.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR SIGNALLING AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Myer Harris at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th January 1877.
HENRY MYER HARRIS, of King Street, in the County of Middlesex, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR SIGNALLING AND SUCH LIKE
PURPOSES."
The improvements relate more particularly to a system of "calling" vehicles at
public assemblies, and consist in furnishing one or more existing lamps at such
places with an open rack or frame or frames formed to hold numbers or other
devices, which may be easily fixed and removed, and act as a signal or signals to
the drivers of vehicles; thus a driver on setting down will receive a number on a
card and also the party from his vehicle; now, on leaving the party will give his
number to a watchman who will then put up on the lamp rack the same number,
whereupon the driver having that number will advance, and so on, vehicles will be
called separately to take up and prevent confusion and save time.
It is contemplated to form the rack or frame somewhat like a magic lantern
frame, and the number or devices on a frame somewhat like a magic lantern slide,
but with a long handle so that it can be easily inserted and removed by a party on
the ground or from a window; it is also contemplated to have a series of devices or
numbers on one slide, or single plates with numbers cut out like stencil plates
showing figure with dark ground round it. The apparatus may also be used for
signalling on board ship.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bernoulli Barlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th July 1877. A communication
from abroad by Frederick Heinrich Bomnüter, of Kupferdreh, in Germany.
HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent
Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTS." A communication from abroad by Frederick
Heinrich Bomnüter, of Kupferdreh, in Germany.
The object of this Invention is to arrest the motion of the cage of the hoist when
the rope to which the cage is suspended breaks; this object is effected by means of
a break connected to the cage, which break is held in action by a horse-shoe electro-
inagnet so long as the rope remains good.
The insulated electric conducting wires are placed within the rope, and as soon as
the rope breaks the break blocks are applied to the guide posts of the cage and
instantly stops it. The wires in the rope are also connected to a bell or other
equivalent in the engine room to give notice or to communicate signals to the engine
driver.
The battery for generating the electric current is attached to the drum on which
the rope with the insulated wires is wound.
The break consists of blocks, which are moved upwards by rods, acted upon by
crank shafts and weighted levers. As soon as the circuit of the electric current is
broken by the breaking of the insulated wires in the rope the break blocks are
pressed by the levers against the guide posts, thereby stopping the further descent
of the cage.
When signalling from the cage to the top of the shaft the electric current is
brought into communication with a bell or other equivalent in the engine room..
IMPROVEMENTS IN ATTACHING COFFIN HANDLES TO ČOFFINS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Jones at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1877.
JAMES JONES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Secretary of the
Patent Metallic Air-tight Coffin Company, Limited. “IMPROVEMENTS IN ATTACHING
COFFIN HANDLES TO ČOFFINS."
My Invention consists in attaching coffin handles to coffins by the combination
or arrangement of parts herein-after described.
According to my Invention I attach the coffin handle to the coffin by means of
two staples passed through holes in the coffin from the front thereof, the ends of the
said staples being clinched or opened out upon the inside of the coffin. The heads
of these staples at the front of the coffin form two loops or bearings at the required
distance apart for the ends or pivots of the handle to engage and turn in. The ends
or pivots start from shoulders or parts of greater diameter, which act as stops and
prevent the handle from being drawn from the loops or bearings described.
In attaching the handle one of the staples is first passed through the coffin and
clinched, and one of the ends or pivots of the handle is passed into the loop of the
said staple; the other staple is afterwards passed over and made to embrace the
other end or pivot of the handle, and the staple is then clinched. The handle is
thereby attached to the coffin, its ends or pivots turning freely in the loops or
bearings formed by the heads of the staples. Over the loops or bearings, and the
ends or pivots of the handle, and between the shoulders on the said handle, an
ornamental covering plate is fixed. This covering plate is made of sheet metal, and
is convex along its middle. The convex part of the covering plate is situated over
the pivots or ends of the handle and their loops or bearings, and the sides of the
said plate, are nailed to the outside of the coffin. By means of the said covering
plate the junction of the handle with the coffin is concealed, and an ornamental
appearance and finish given to that part of the handle. Before the handle is
attached to the coffin the usual mount or handle plate is applied to the coffin where
the handle is to be attached.
AN IMPROVED FAUCET OR COCK
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd August 1877. A communication
from abroad by Henry C. Meyer, of Berlin, Prussia.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED FAUCET OR COCK." A communi-
cation from abroad by Henry C. Meyer, of Berlin, Prussia.
The improved faucet or cock, the subject of this Invention, is made with a cone-
shaped elastic cushion, fixed on by means of a metal shield and tapering nut drawn
into a corresponding concave seat by means of an eccentric or crank pin operated
by a handle.
The stem is made water-tight by means of a packing held in place by a gland
and cap composed of several cylindrical portions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMP BURNERS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Fredrick Hoyne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July 1877.
JAMES FREDRICK HOYNE, of Kingstown, in the County of Dublin, Ireland.
.8< IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMP BURNERS."
This Invention has for its object " Improvements in Lamp Burners."
One of my improvements relates to a method of igniting the wick of the lamp
without removing the chimney or the cone by means of a small tube placed
in such a position that one end of same opens quite close to the wick of the
lamp, while the other end of said tube opens free for the introduction of an
ordinary match, which in its passage through the tube is caused to ignite by rubbing
or friction against a roughened surface or part in the end of the tube which opens
near the wick.
Another part of the Invention has reference to a contrivance for extinguishing
the light at pleasure, and also for causing the light to be put out in case of the lamp
falling off the table, thus obviating the danger of explosion. A case capable of sliding
up and down around the wick socket is provided with a short piece of rod, the end
of which is loaded with a piece of lead, which causes it to slide over the frame of
the lamp in case of accident, and is operated by a lever for extinguishing the lamp
at pleasure
Another part of the Invention has reference to the application of a tube parallel
with the wick tube or socket, for the purpose of carrying off and consuming all
noxious vapours which may emanate from the tank of the lamp.
For convenience in supplying oil to the reservoir or tank of the lamp without
removing the burner, I attach a tube to the lower part of the burner, the free end
of which is turned upwards and has a funnel mouth to receive the oil, which is thus
passed through the tube into the tank.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TRAVELLING RUGS, WRAPPERS, APRONS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Currie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st July 1877.
WILLIAM CURRIE, of the Caledonian Rubber Works, Edinburgh, India-rubber
Manufacturer. “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TRAVELLING RUGS,
WRAPPERS, APRONS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES."
My Invention has for its object the manufacture of travelling rugs, wrappers, or
aprons, in such a manner as to admit of a portion thereof being inflated and thereby
caused to form an air cushion, to serve either as a seat, or a pillow, or head rest
when required in travelling, without the necessity of carrying such air cushion as
a separate article.
The ordinary mode of using rugs, wrappers, or aprons when travelling, is to sit
on one corner of the same, and to envelope the legs with the rest thereof. Now
my Invention consists in making provision at such corner or other convenient part
of the rug, wrapper, or apron for the production of a seat or head rest thereat by
means of inflation. This mode of manufacturing the rug, wrapper, or apron will
not alter its ordinary appearance when not in use. The rug, wrapper, or apron
may be made waterproof, or otherwise, as preferred; when made waterproof the
thicknesses of fabric are united with india-rubber between them in the usual
manner in order to form the rug, wrapper, or apron, after which one corner (or part
where provision is to be made for forming a cushion by inflation) is to be opened
by using a solvent, such as coal tar, naptha, and the part to form the cushion is
made in the usual way, and inserted between the two thicknesses of fabric with
a screw valve at the outside.
In making the rug, wrapper, or apron without being waterproofed, two plies of
the fabric are sewn together, and the fabric intended to form the cushion is sewn
into the corner (or other suitable part) between the two plies of cloth forming the
rug, wrapper, or apron.
PROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Lee at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd April 1877.
"IM-
CHARLES LEE, of Brook Road, Upper Clapton, in the County of Middlesex.
PROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR."
The object of the Invention is to provide shoes to be put under the ordinary
shoes of horses or hoofs in lieu of the common custom of roughing, and by this
means to cause a firm foothold on steep and slippery asphalte and other roadways,
and in a great measure render avoidable the detention and many accidents that
occur under the present system by reason of such slipperyness and want of firm
foothold. Such shoes may also be used for the cure or prevention of sickness in
horses by keeping the feet warm and dry, and may be used with advantage in the
case of horses being turned out to grass and in other cases. For this purpose I make,
preferably in one piece by means of a mould or otherwise, of vulcanized or other
kind of india-rubber, or of elastic or combination of elastic or non-elastic materials,
shoes of the following shape:-The under part, on which bears the metal shoe,
consists of a horizontal band or strip of any requisite width or thickness, the area
of the same being equal to and coinciding with that of the metal shoe, except when
this latter may have projecting pieces of metal, as is often the case with the hind
shoes, when the elastic strip or band would be left open to allow of such projections
passing through without bearing on the said strip or band.
If preferred for heavy horses I fix by screws or rivets a metal horse-shoe with a
projection in front on the inside of the elastic or non-elastic strip or band; the
remaining portion of the elastic or non-elastic shoe consists in the raised edge or
border of the said horizontal strip, which in circumscribing the hoof of the horse
serves for attachment to and is drawn on and fits the same. These elastic or non-
elastic horse-shoes may be drawn on and off as may be necessary in the course of
a journey.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ALLOWING THE ESCAPE OF AIR AND WATER FROM STEAM PIPES AND OTHER VESSELS, APPLICABLE ALSO AS A Low WATER ALARUM FOR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Feather and Charles John
Thurlow at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August
1877.
THOMAS FEATHER and CHARLES JOHN THURLOW, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ALLOWING THE
ESCAPE OF AIR AND WATER FROM STEAM PIPES AND OTHER VESSELS, APPLICABLE
ALSO AS A Low WATER ALARUM FOR STEAM BOILERS."
Our improved apparatus consists of an equilibrium valve fixed to the end of a
tube which is in communication with the vessel containing steam, from which the
water of condensation and air are to be ejected; the spindle of the valve is connected
to a lever jointed to a fulcrum fixed to the valve casing; the other end of this lever
is connected to an elbow or jointed lever which is hinged to the end of the tube;
the other end of this lever is jointed to an adjustable rod connected to the valve
casing.
When steam is in the tube the expansion due to the heat of the steain closes the
valve, but when water accumulates in the tube the temperature is reduced, and the
contraction of the tube opens the valve by the levers described to allow the water
and air to escape.
When the water has been ejected the steam again enters, and by
heating the tube closes the valve.
When the apparatus is used as an alarum for low water in steam boilers it will
be necessary to attach a whistle to the outlet end of the valve chamber chamber, and
connect the other end of the tube to the steam generator or boiler below the working
level of the water. So long as the inlet end of the tube remains under water the tube
will be filled with water, which is comparatively cool, but directly the water sinks
below the inlet end of the tube the steam takes the place of the water, and causes
the tube to expand, thereby working the levers before described, and opening the
valve to allow the steam to blow freely through the whistle, thus sounding the low-
water alarum.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN TREADLE PLATEN MACHINERY FOR LETTER-PRESS PRINTING."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William John Stonhill and Daniel
Thomas Powell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th
September 1877.
28
WILLIAM JOHN STONHILL and DANIEL THOMAS POWELL, of 85, Saint Augustine's
Road, Camden Square, in the Parish of Saint Pancras, County of Middlesex. IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TREADLE PLATEN MACHINERY FOR LETTER-PRESS PRINTING."
This Invention relates to improvements in platen machines, and consists of two
side frames bolted together with stretchers, and supporting at the top a stationary
type bed adjustable with screws for regulating the impression; opposite this bed is
fixed on a shaft with eccentrics having bearings in the side frames a platen, which
has at its lower extremity two long arms strengthened by two stays, the purpose of
which will be herein-after described. Lower down with bearings the said side
frames is a shaft with a toothed wheel at one end and a crank in the opposite end.
Iron connectors join this wheel and crank with the arms just above mentioned.
Opposite the shaft a crank shaft is fixed, also having its bearings in the said side
frames which carries a small toothed wheel fitting into the one immediately before
referred to, and a fly wheel. Motion is given by a treadle connected to the crank;
steam may also be applied. Above the stationary type bed on an appropriate
casting is fixed a round disc or ink table having teeth underneath its edge; and
again above this is an ink duct adjustable with set screws. At the back of the
position of the frame supporting the type bed another shaft is placed, carrying two
arms, which contain the rollers necessary for inking the type; one of these arms is
connected by a rod with the crank and causes the rollers to travel over the ink table,
and the type at the same time taking a supply of ink from the ink duct. The
ink disc is rotated by two levers which are actuated by the roller arms above
mentioned.
At the bottom of the platen is a rod carrying two fingers or friskets, which are
destined to hold the paper to be printed whilst it is receiving the impression; this
is brought into action by a balance weight. The duty of the eccentrics which have
been previously mentioned is to bring the platen nearer to or further from the type
bed, a short arm or lever having a handle at one end, and being connected with the

page_text: eccentrics is the means by which they are brought into action. The working of the
arms attached to the platen is in this wise:-The cranks revolving cause the arms
and connectors to descend and ascend, bringing the platen into a position to receive
the sheet to be printed, and afterwards conveying it to the type giving the
impression.
In the front of the machine and upon a level with the platen are fixed two
boards, which support the paper to be printed and that which has already been
printed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS AND SPIKES, AND PARTS CONNECTED THERE- WITH, FOR SECURING RAILWAY RAILS, RAILWAY CHAIRS, AND OTHER OBJECTS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Lawrence at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1877.
EDWIN LAWRENCE, of No. 6, Lancaster Gate, Hyde Park, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS AND SPIKES, AND PARTS CONNECTED THERE-
WITH, FOR SECURING RAILWAY RAILS, RAILWAY CHAIRS, AND OTHER OBJECTS."
The object of the Invention is to secure a better fit than has been hitherto
attained between the neck of the bolt and the hole through which it is driven,
whereby vibration between the two will be destroyed or diminished. For this
purpose the neck, or that part of the bolt or spike immediately below the head, is
conical in form to pass through a conical or slightly conical hole, such neck being
covered with a thimble of felt vulcanite or other suitable packing, or without such
packing; it is either accurately made to fit the hole for it, or such neck may be cor-
rugated or otherwise ridged or serrated longitudinally to ensure perfect fit without
splitting out the hole through which the bolt or spike is driven.
Such conical necks may either be loose for the bolt or spike to pass through them,
or formed on the bolt itself.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAIL HANKS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Henry Shocbotham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1877.
JOSIAH HENRY SHOEBOTHAM, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAIL HANKS,"
My Invention has reference to the hanks employed for connecting sails to their
stays and masts, and consists of the improvements herein-after described in the
said hanks, by which improvements the hanks are made capable of being readily
opened and securely closed, and their connection with and removal from the stay
or rope thereby rendered rapid and easy.
My improvements are especially applicable to hanks of the kind called horse-shoe
hanks, and I will describe my improvements in connection with one of the said
horse-shoe hanks.
I make the hank of the same configuration generally as the ordinary horse-shoe
hank, but in one side of the hank, and by preference near the end of one of the
branches or sides of the horse-shoc, I make a hinge joint. Upon the said hinge
joint a portion of the hank turns, the said portion being of sufficient length to leave
when turned aside a lateral opening in the hank, sufficiently large to permit of the
introduction of the stay or rope into the hank by the said lateral opening.
shut
I make the moveable part of the hank of such length and of such figure, that
when shut down or closed, it overlaps a portion of the fixed part, the overlapping
portion fitting into a depression on the fixed part. When the moveable part
down or closed upon the fixed part, the hank differs but little in appearance from
the ordinary horse-shoe hank.
The overlapping ends of the fixed and inovable parts are provided respectively
with the two parts of a spring catch fastening, one part having a stud or projection
and the other an opening or recess, into which the said stud snaps, the parts of the
hank having sufficient elasticity to afford the required amount of spring necessary
for this kind of fastening.
Hanks constructed according to my Invention may be made of brass, wrought
or malleable cast iron, or of other hard, strong and elastic metal or metallic
alloy.
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PREVENTING SEASICKNESS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ovid Topham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1877.
GEORGE OVID TOPHAM, of Maida Vale, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVED
MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PREVENTING SEASICKNESS."
My Invention relates to improved means for the prevention of seasickness, and
consists in a method of suspending chairs, couches, or berths on board ship, so that
the motion of the vessel is not appreciably felt; also in an arrangement of Venetian
shutters or louvres adapted to such chairs, couches, or berths, to shut out the view
of the sea and surrounding objects.
According to my Invention the chair, couch, or berth is hung by a frame suspended
from a beam or other overhead support by a universal joint, so as to be free to hang
always in the same position independently of the rolling and pitching movements
of the vessel.
The bottom of the chair or couch is connected below to the vessel by an india-
rubber or other spring to prevent it acquiring a swinging movement.
The chair or couch is entirely enclosed by Venetian shutters or louvres, similar to
those hereafter described, to prevent surrounding objects being seen.
The front of the chair or couch at which access is had to it is closed by shutters
hinged to the sides and provided with louvres, those in the upper part being inclined
downwards, and those in the lower part being inclined upwards, to shut out the view
of external objects and afford sufficient light and ventilation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DOORS OF BAKERS' OVENS, AND IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SAME
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Boddy at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1877.
CHRISTOPHER BODDY, of the City of Manchester.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DOORS
OF BAKERS' OVENS, AND IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SAME."
The object of this Invention is an improved construction of door and framework
for a baker's oven, whereby greater facility is afforded for obtaining access to all
parts of the oven, whereby a more perfect and steam-tight joint round the edges of
the door, and greater durability and solidity of all the parts, may be ensured.
Now this Invention consists of a cast-iron frame, with bevilled cheeks or sides
leading from the front face of the brickwork to the doorway or mouth of the oven,
which instead of being vertical and having hinged doors, as at present, is arranged
with a flange sloping forwards towards the bottom, and is closed by a loose door,
by preference formed of wrought-iron plate, which supports itself in position by
resting against the sloping face of the flange. This cast-iron frame is capable of
being built into the front of the oven in a more substantial manner than is possible
with the present construction of door frame, and the door, being loose and fitting
on to a wide flanged surface, is more readily made steam-tight.
AN IMPROVED SHIRT STUD OR BUTTON, APPLICABLE FOR OTHER FASTENING PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Max Strauss and. John Frederick
Bennet at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd February
1877.
MAX STRAUSS, of Holborn Viaduct, in the City of London, and JOHN FREDERICK
BENNET, of South Hackney, in the County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED SHIRT
STUD OR BUTTON, APPLICABLE FOR OTHER FASTENING PURPOSES."
According to this Invention one head or cross bar of the stud or button is made
movable so as to swing or turn over edgeways along the side of the shank for
inserting it through the hole in the shirt or other article, or part; it may then_be
turned back into the normal position, being retained therein by a spring. For this
purpose we hinge the movable head to the top of the stem or shank, the hinge lug
or lugs of the movable head is or are formed with square edges which lie against a
flat spring, fitted or formed in or on the shank in a manner similar to a pocket-
knife blade and spring; or according to a modified arrangement, the shank is made
hollow, containing a spiral spring, which at one end is fastened to the shank, and at
the other end to the movable head.