IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STAMPING TYPE MOULDS OR MATRIXES FOR TYPE-FOUNDING A communi
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Ambrose Brydges of the firm of Brydges and
Co. Engineers and Patent Solicitors of 73 Königgrätzer Str, in the City of
Berlin and German empire and of 6 St. Leonards Terrace Upton in the
County of Middlesex, for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
STAMPING TYPE MOULDS OR MATRIXES FOR TYPE-FOUNDING A communi-
cation by Heinrich Hagemann of the City of Vienna in the Austrian
Empire
33
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1882.
EDWIN AMBROSE BRYDGES of the firm of Brydges and Co. Engineers and
Patent Solicitors of 73 Königgrätzer Str in the City of Berlin and German
Empire and of 6 St. Leonards Terrace Upton in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STAMPING TYPE MOULDS OR MATRIXES FOR
TYPE FOUNDING, a communication by Heinrich Hagemann of the City of Vienna
in the Austrian Empire
This Invention relates to the manufacture, application and employment of
machines for pressing or stamping type-moulds for stereotype plates.
According to the method now in use the type is set by the compositor and such
type pressed into suitable material to form a mould for the stereotype plate. The
stereotype plate is cast from this mould and then used for printing purposes.
Now the object of this invention is to avoid the work of the compositor and
the heavy expense in type by means of a mechanical device, through the
employment of which the moulds or matrices are produced direct in the machine
without the aid of compositors and without any further stock of types than those
contained in the machine.
That an entire revolution in printing by means of stereotype plates is attained,
and enormous saving in time and material is achieved, is evident even to those not
acquainted with printing matters.

page_text: The object of this said machine is to press or stamp moulds or matrixes for
casting type for printing, and at the same time to prepare a proof-sheet.
In order to accomodate the varying breadth of a letter, sign or figure to this
machine, so as to attain printed lines of equal length, the breadth or space occupied
by a letter, sign or figure is divided according to a fixed unit; thus, according to
the kind or size of the type employed, a letter sign or figure would occupy 1, 2, 3
or more such said units.
The machine operates in the following manner :
The material which is to be stamped, or to receive the impressions is fixed on a
slide and the paper for the proof sheet on a roller.
The said slide is carried by a slide-carriage, and is moved with the same, in the
direction of the lines by means of a screw or spindle, the movement of the slide
on the carriage to the next following line is effected by means of another screw
spindle.
These said screw-spindles are put in motion or turned by means of suitable
handles or cranks, and thus the slide adjusted to any desired position.
In order to enable a letter, sign or figure to be impressed, the travel-lever is, by
means of the handle of the excentric, adjusted over the desired letter sign or
figure of the stationary ring which is attached to the top or upper plate of the
apparatus.
This said travel-lever is by means of its bearings attached to a disc, which
latter is so fixed to that pivot or axle of the machine, which forms the axis for the
said disc and horizontal type-drum, that the said disc and pivot turn round or
revolve with the said travel-lever.
The representations of the letters, signs and figures which are contained in
the type drums are marked on the outer upper side of the aforementioned stationary
ring.
When the travel-lever is turned, the axle or pivot is also turned and with it
the horizontal type-drum which is firmly attached to this said pivot or axle.
In this said horizontal type-drum the whole of the types or dies composing the
alphabet, signs and figures, which are represented on the stationary ring, are fixed
upon spiral springs.
These types or dies can be arranged in any desired number of rings or circles,
each ring or circle containing a different kind or set of type.
The type or die corresponding to the letter, sign or figure of the stationary ring
over which the travel-lever has been moved or adjusted, takes up a position
immediately underneath a suitable depression-pin which is supported in the
machine on spiral springs.
By means of the teeth, with which the periphery of the horizontal type-drum
is provided, its revolving motion is transmitted to a toothed-wheel, and this wheel,
by means of conical teeth, causes the vertical type-drum to revolve.
The vertical type-drum contains the same arrangement of types or dies as the
horizontal type-drum, so that the type corresponding to the said type immediately
underneath the said depression-pin of the horizontal type-drum is in the vertical
type-drum immediately in front of a suitable pin or protruder.
The before mentioned excentric is depressed by means of its knob or handle
and thus the tongue of the travel-lever is pressed into that alot of the stationary
ring, which belongs to the letter, sign or figure which is to be impressed in the
matrix.
The depth of these said slots is so arranged that the same corresponds with or
stands in a fixed proportion to the one half of the letter, sign or figure, to which it
belongs, plus half the space between two letters.
The aforesaid depression of the travel-lever and the consequent entry of the
tongue of the same into the slot, as later on explained, causes the slide-carriage to
move forward in the direction of the line exactly the distance corresponding to
the space occupied by half the breadth of the letter sign or figure, which is desired
to be impressed, plus half the space between two letters,

page_text: By the depression of the travel-lever a pin situated in the interior of the axle of
the horizontal type-drum is also depressed.
This said pin or pivot is attached at its lower extremity to a ring by means
of two pins which run at right angles to each other through the said pin or pivot.
The axle of the horizontal type-drum is provided with a slot at that part where
the crosspins are situated, so that the inner pin and the ring attached to the same
by means of the cross-pins may freely move up and down.
This said ring presses on a lever which is forked at its opposite extremity, this
fork is situated underneath the pin of a frame, which slides up and down between
guides.
When the said pin in the interior of the axle of the horizontal type-drum is
depressed, this said frame, with the counterweight above it, is raised.
This motion of the frame moves the rack, which is attached to, or which forms
the back of the same; this rack gears into a toothed sector, the opposite end of
which forms the bearing for the pivot of a pawl. This said pawl gears into a
ratchet wheel, which is firmly attached to an axle or shaft and thereby the said
axle is caused to revolve.
The teeth of this said ratchet-wheel bear a certain proportion to the depth of
the slots in the stationary ring, and the width of one tooth corresponds to the
unit upon which the division of the breadth of the letters, signs and figures is
based.
The deeper the slot in the stationary ring in which the tongue of the travel-lever
is pressed the further the said ratchet-wheel is caused to revolve, or in other words,
the motion of the ratchet-wheel corresponds to the depth of the slot of the
stationary ring in which the tongue of the travel-lever is pressed..
This said ratchet-wheel is, as already stated, fixed to a shaft or axle, on the
opposite extremity of which, a toothed wheel provided in front with bevil teeth is
so attached, that this said toothed wheel performs the same revolutions with the
said ratchet-wheel.
This said toothed wheel transmits its revolutions to a second toothed wheel, and
this second toothed wheel being fixed to the screw-spindle of the slide carriage,
causes this said screw-spindle to revolve and thus the movement of the slide-
carriage with the slide upon it is effected.
This said movement takes place in the direction of the line to be printed and
corresponds to the depth of the slot in the stationary ring, which is equivalent to
the one half of the letter sign or figure, which is to be impressed, plus half the
space between two letters.
The aforesaid toothed-wheel on the extremity of the axle to the ratchet-wheel
transmits further, by means of mitre or bevil teeth, with which it is provided, its
revolving motion to another bevil or mitre wheel; this latter bevil-wheel being
fixed to the screw spindle of the brackets which carry the proof-sheet roller, this
said screw spindle is caused thereby to revolve.
By means of this said screw spindle which has the same pitch as the screw-
spindle, which effects the movement of the slide-carriage, the brackets supporting
the proof-sheet roller are also moved in the direction of the line to be printed, this
movement being equivalent to that, which the slide-carriage is caused to perform
by means of its screw-spindle.
After the slide-carriage and the proof-sheet roller are brought into correct position
by means of the aforementioned travel-lever, the type of the horizontal type drum
is impressed in the material of the matrix, and at the same time by means of the
type of the vertical type-drum the same letter, sign or figure is printed on the
proof-sheet, which is wound round the aforementioned roller for the same.
This double impressson is effected by moving a suitably arranged depression-.
excentric or lever-the handle of which is grasped by the left hand-round its
axis so that the said excentric is caused to depress a pin or pivot which is arranged
in suitable position in the machine or apparatus.
This said pin or pivot is firmly attached at its lower end to a crosspiece, which

page_text: said crosspiece is provided with recesses or slots equal in number to the different
kinds of type employed.
This said crosspiece presses upon an adjacent lever, and this lever depresses the
type-pin and thus the type of the horizontal drum is impressed into the material of
the matrix, which is fixed on the slide as aforesaid.
At the same time the depression of the said cross-piece with the pin attached to
it causes the corresponding type to be printed on the proof-sheet by means of the
pin or protruder belonging to the vertical type-drum.
This pin or protruder of the vertical type-drum is acted upon by means of a
lever-combination, which is put into action by means of the inclined or wedge-like
projection on the afore mentioned crosspiece.
The ends of the type of the vertical type drum, which are engraved with the
letters, signs, or figures, project beyond the surface of the said drum, so that,
during the revolution of the same, they may be provided with printing ink from
rollers placed in suitable position so as to have the printing on the proof-sheet
in ink.
When the depression excentric or lever is released the following action
⚫ensues:
'
1) the intermediate pin and lever underneath the same are raised by means of a
suitable spring, so that the type or die of the horizontal type-drum, the pressure
having been removed, is withdrawn from the matrix by means of its spiral spring,
and the depression-pin immediately above the said type or die is also raised by
means of its spiral spring.
2) the before mentioned lever combination which operates upon the type of the
vertical type-drum is, by means of a spring provided for that purpose, pressed back
into its former position, and, the pressure thus being removed, the type of the
vertical type-drum with the pin or protruder belonging to the same, are by means
of their spiral springs withdrawn into their former positions.
After this the travel-lever which has been depressed by the right hand is
released from the slot of the stationary ring.
This allows the counterweight belonging to the frame-arrangement to press
its pin down as far as the shoulder or collar and consequently the said frame
with it.
The rack which is attached to, or which forms the front side of the said frame
now causes the toothed-sector which gears with the same to make a partial
revolution, this said sector can move freely on the shaft or axle to which it is
attached.
The action or effect of this said counterweight can be substituted by a lever,
spring or other suitable arrangement.
This partial revolution of the above-mentioned toothed-sector and consequently
of the pawl belonging to it, the bearing of which can be of one piece with the
said toothed-sector, causes the ratchet-wheel previously mentioned to turn round
in precisely the same direction as occurred upon the depression of the travel-lever
into the slot of the aforementioned stationary ring as previously described.
As the revolution or partial revolution of the ratchet wheel is transmitted to
the shaft or axle upon which it is attached and consequently to the afore-
mentioned toothed-wheel at the opposite extremity of the same, the same effect is
attained by releasing the handle or knob of the said travel-lever as was attained
by the depression of the same, viz: the slide-carriage and the proof-sheet roller
are caused to advance in the direction of the line to be printed, such advance being
equivalent to half the space occupied by the letter or type just impressed plus half
the space between two letters.
In order to impress the next letter sign or figure in the matrix and to print the
same on the proof-sheet, the before described operations are repeated.
In order to attain the adequate space between two words the travel lever is
depressed by means of its knob or handle into one of the slots of the stationary
ring and again released without a type being impressed in the matrix.

page_text: By the combined action of the said travel-lever and the counterweight the
desired space is obtained.
After the completion of a line the pawls of the said ratchet-wheel, which are
prossed into gear with the teeth of the same by means of springs are put out of
gearing by means of keys or wedges provided for that purpose, then the slide
carriage and bracket of the proof-sheet roller are screwed backwards in the
direction of the line by means of the screw spindle belonging to the slide carriage
which said screw-spindle is turned by means of a handle or crank attached to the
same.
After this the slide alone, that is, without the slide carriage is moved a distance
equal to the space between the two lines, this being effected by turning the
handle of the screw-spindle which belongs to the said matrix-slide.
In order to be able to commence a fresh line on the proof-sheet, the roller to
which the same is attached must also be turned round a distance equal to the space
between two lines.
In order to perform this exactly a ratchet-wheel or notched-disc is employed, in
the recesses or notches of which a pawl with a spring works and which said
wheel or disc is attached to the same shaft or axle that carries the proof-sheet
roller.
After these operations are performed and the two pawls of the aforementioned
ratchet wheel again put into gearing with the same a fresh line of printing can be
begun.
The depth of the impressions of the type of the horizontal drum in the matrix
can be varied at pleasure by means of a set screw.
When it is desired to work with another kind of type it is necessary:
1) to adjust the lever which operates on the aforementioned crosspiece into
another recess of the same; thus the said cross-piece is caused to cover a different
type-pin, which said pin depresses the letters, signs or figures of the desired row or
ring of type of the horizontal type-drum.
2) to adjust the step wedge piece which regulates the advance of the slide-
carriage to correspond with the amount of advance required by the new type.
This said wedge piece is held in position by means of a suitable pressure or
tightening screw.
The various thicknesses of this said step-wedge-piece enables the advance of the
slide-carriage and that of the proof-sheet roller to be adjusted according as the type
employed requires it.
In order to be able to rule lines with the machine, special types or dies of the
horizontal and vertical type-drums are provided with small rollers arranged for
horizontal as well as for vertical lines.
When it is required to impress a line, the travel-lever aforementioned is by
means of the excentric knob or handle, turned to the slot of the stationary ring
which represents the type or die of the line. This causes the type with the roller
to place itself underneath the type-pin or depressor of the horizontal drum and in
front of the pin or protruder of the vertical type drum. The wheel or roller is
now pressed into the matrix and on to the proof-sheet by means of the depressor-
excentric or lever; and the slide-carriage and also the proof sheet roller are
caused to advance in the desired direction. This causes the one wheel to cut or
impress a line in the matrix while the other wheel prints an ink line on the proof-
sheet.
The advance of the slide carriage and the proof-sheet roller for ruling lines in the
horizontal direction can be effected in two different manners:
1) by continually depressing and releasing the previously mentioned travel-lever
by ineans of its excentric knob or handle until the line has received the desired
length, the left hand during this time holding the depressor-excentric in position
so that the type of the horizontal drum which is provided with the wheel cuts
continually into the matrix and the corresponding type of the vertical type-drum
uninterruptedly prints the line on the proof-sheet.

page_text: 2) By causing the slide-carriage and the proof-sheet roller to advance by means
of the screw-spindle belonging to the same; the respective types of the horizontal
and vertical type-drums being, as before, depressed or protruded by means of the
depressor excentric or lever in the manner previously described.
In order to rule vertical lines, the travel-lever is adjusted to the proper position
of the stationary ring, after which the type or die with the wheel is depressed by
means of the depressor-excentric or lever then the slide is advanced by turning the
screw-spindle belonging to the same by means of its handle or crank whereby the
wheel cuts or impresses a line in the matrix.
If the vertical line is required on the proof-sheet, the said proof-sheet roller
must be turned the necessary distance by means of the aforementioned check-
wheel or notched disc fixed on the axle of the same.
A scale is marked on the top or upper plate of the machine and a pointer is
fixed to the said slide-carriage and indicates on the scale the position in the
direction of the line which the said slide carriage occupies.
An indicator is in connection with the screw spindle of the slide by means of
tooth wheels and serves to shew continuously the position which the said slide
occupies in the consecutive order of the lines. This is shewn on a graduated ring,
the divisions of which correspond to the space between the lines. The indicator
thus enables the said matrix-slide to be adjusted to any desired line by means of
the screw-spindle belonging to the said matrix-slide.
As the different kinds of type require different spaces between the lines the
following arrangements are made:
1) a ratchet wheel or notched dise is fixed on the screw spindle of the matrix-
slide. A spring catches in the notches of this said wheel or disc, by which means
any desired partial revolution of the said screw spindle is regulated.
2) the before mentioned ring of the indicator apparatus can be exchanged for
another the divisional unit of which corresponds with the distance desired between
the lines.
In order to print with more than the ordinary space between the letters a
greater advance of the slide-carriage is caused by ineans of afore mentioned step-
wedge piece which causes the letters to be impressed further apart from each
other.
An incorrectly stamped or impressed matrix can be repaired or corrected in two
different ways:
1) By cutting out the piece to be corrected, stamping the correct sentence, word
or type on another piece of matrix material, letting the same into the original
matrix and glueing or otherwise attaching the corrected matrix on to a piece of
paper or other suitable material.
2) By affixing paper or other suitable material over the spot to be corrected by
means of gum or other adhesive material and by placing the matrix in its original
position, then adjusting the matrix-slide and the slide-carriage by means of their
screw-spindles and stamping the desired correction in the paper or other material
affixed to the matrix as aforementioned.
The correction of an incorrectly stamped or impressed matrix would not be
possible if the breadths of the letters signs and figures were not divided according
to a definite unit.
In order to distinguish the spot on the proof sheet where the correction is
required paper is employed for the proof sheet which is ruled vertically with lines
corresponding to the unit upon which the division of the widths of the letters
signs and figures is based and horizontally with lines corresponding to the spaces
required between the lines to be printed,
The matrix material can also be covered with paper ruled in the same manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th September 1882.
EDWIN AMBROSE BRYDGES of the firm of Brydges and Co. Engineers and
Patent Solicitors of 73 Königgrätzer Str. in the City of Berlin and German
Empire and of 6 St. Leonard's Terrace Upton, in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STAMPING TYPE MOULDS OR MATRIXES FOR
TYPE FOUNDING," a communication by Heinrich Hagemann of the city of Vienna
in the Empire of Austria.
This invention relates to the manufacture, application and employment of
machines for pressing or stamping type moulds for stereotype plates
According to the method now in use the type is set by the compositor and such
type pressed into suitable material to form a mould for the stereotype plate. The
stereotype plate is cast from this mould and then used for printing purposes.
Now the object of my invention is to avoid the work of the compositor and the
heavy expense in type by means of a mechanical device through the employment
of which the moulds or matrixes are produced direct in the machine without the
aid of compositors and without any further stock of types than those contained in
the machine
That an entire revolution in printing by means of stereotype plates is attained
and enormous saving in time and material achieved is evident even to those not
Acquainted with printing matters.
Fig. 1 is a plan or top view of the machine.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of Fig. 1 on the line A. B.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the indicating apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line C. D. (Fig. 2)
Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line E. F. G. H. (Fig. 1)
Figs. 6 and 7 shew details of the apparatus or machine.
The object of this said machine is to press or stamp moulds or matrixes for
casting type for printing and at the same time to prepare a proof sheet.
In order to accomodate the varying breadth of a letter sign or figure to this
machine so as to attain printed lines of equal length, the breadth or space occupied
by a letter sign or figure is divided according to a fixed unit; thus according to
the kind or size of the type employed a letter, sign or figure would occupy one,
two, three or more such said units
The machine operates in the following manner; The material which is to be
stamped or to receive the impressions is fixed on the slide A and the paper for the
proof-sheet on the roll m'. The slide A is carried by the slide carriage B and is
moved with the same in the direction of the lines by means of the screw or
spindle b, the movement of the slide A on the carriage B to the next following
line is effected by means of the screw spindle a.
The screw spindles a and b are turned or put in motion by means of the handles
or cranks a¹. b. and thus the slide A adjusted to any desired position
In order to enable a letter sign or figure to be impressed the lever c³ is by means
of the handle c' of the eccentric c adjusted over the desired letter sign or figure of
the stationary ring d which is attached to the top plate r.
The lever is by means of its bearing c¹¹ attached to the disc
so fixed to the pivot or axle c* which forms the axis for the disc
and the other revolving parts of the apparatus that the said disc
turn round or revolve with the lever c³. The representations of
which latter is
c type drum E
pivot or axle c
the letters signs

page_text: and figures, which are contained in the type drums E and O are marked on the
outer upper side of the ring d. When the lever c³ is turned the axle or pivot c* is
also turned and with it the horizontal type drum E which is firmly attached to
the said pivot or axle c. In this said horizontal type-drum E the whole of the
types or dies composing the alphabet, signs, or figures which are represented on
the ring & are fixed upon spiral springs
These types or dies can be arranged in any desired number of rings or circles.
Three such rings or circles of type are shewn in the accompanying drawings and
each ring or circle contains a different kind or set of type. The type or die
corresponding to the letter sign or figure of the ring d, over which the lever o³ has
been moved or adjusted takes up a position immediately underneath the pin i
which said pin i is supported in the machine on spiral springs.
By means of the teeth with which the periphery of the horizontal drum E is
provided its revolving motion is transmitted to the toothed wheel p, and this
wheel p, by means of conical teeth causes the vertical type drum o to revolve.
The vertical type drum o contains the same arrangement of types or dies as the
horizontal drum E (in the drawing only one kind of types is shewn) so that the
type corresponding to the said type immediately underneath the pin i in the hori-
zontal drum E is in the vertical drum o in front of the pin 8. The vertical drum o
however can also be provided with various sorts or kinds of type as in the
horizontal drum E.
The excentric c is depressed by means of the knob or handle c' and thus the
tongue of the lever c³ is pressed into that slot of the ring & which belongs to the
letter sign or figure, which is to be impressed in the matrix. The depth of these
said slots is so arranged that the same corresponds with or stands in a fixed
proportion to the one half of the letter, sign or figure to which it belongs plus half
the space between two letters. This depression of the lever c² and the consequent
entry of the tongue c³ in the slot as later on described causes the slide B to move
forward in the direction of the line exactly the distance corresponding to the space
occupied by half the breath of the letter sign or figure, which is desired to be
impressed plus half the space between two letters.
By the depression of the lever c² the pin situated in the interior of the hollow
axle is also depressed. The pin or pivot c is attached at its lower extremity
to the ring c by means of two pins c which run at right angles to each other
through the said pin or pivot c. The axle c' is provided with a slot at that part
where the pins c are situated so that the pin c³ and the ring c² which is attached
to the said pin c by means of the pins c may freely move up and down. The
ring presses on the lever F which is forked at its opposite extremity (Fig 1
and 2). This fork is situated underneath the pin g of the frame G which slides up
and down between guides. When the pin is depressed the frame G with the
weight above it is raised.
This motion of the frame moves the rack g', which is attached to or which forms
the back of the same; the rack g¹ genrs into the toothed sector ge, the opposite end
of which forms the bearing for the pivot of the pawl gs. This pawl g gears into
the ratchet wheel h and this being firmly fixed to the axle or shaft h¹, the said
shaft h¹ is caused to revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow Fig 2. The
teeth of the ratchet wheel h bear a certain proportion to the depth of the slots in
the ring d, and the width of one tooth corresponds to the unit upon which the
division of the breadth of the letters signs and figures is based. The deeper the
slot in the ring d in which the tongue c³ of the lever c is pressed, the further the
ratchet wheel h is caused to revolve, or, in other words the motion of the ratchet
wheel corresponds to the depth of the slot of the ring d, in which the tongue c³
is pressed. The ratchet wheel h, is, as already stated, fixed to the shaft h¹, on the
opposite extremity of which a toothed wheel k provided in front with bevil teeth
is so attached, that this said toothed wheel performs the same revolutions with the
ratchet wheel / The toothed wheel k transmits its revolutions to the toothed
wheel and this said wheel k¹ being fixed to the screw spindle b causes the same

page_text: to revolve (Fig. 4) and this effects the movement of the slide carriage B with the
slide A, which rests upon the said slide carriage B. This said movement takes
place in the direction of the line to be printed and corresponds to the depth of the
slot in the ring d, which is equivalent to the one half of the letter, sign or figure
which is to be impressed plus half the space between two letters. The toothed
wheel transmits further by means of the mitre or bevil teeth on the same its
revolving motion to the wheel 7 and this wheel being fixed to the shaft or screw
spindle, the latter is also caused to revolve. By means of the said screw
spindle which has the same pitch as the screw spindle b the bracket m with the
roller m', which is supported by it are also moved in the direction of the line to be
printed; this movement being equivalent to that which the screw spindle 6 causes
the slide carriage B to perforin.
After the slide carriage B and the roller m' are brought into correct position by
means of the lever c³, the type of the horizontal drum E is impressed in the material
of the matrix and at the same time, by means of the type of the vertical drum o,
the same letter sign or figure is printed on the proof sheet which is wound round
the roller m¹.
This double impression is caused by moving the excentric n round its axle which
is done by means of the handle n' which is grasped by the left hand so that the
said excentric n presses upon the pin n². This pin n' is firmly attached at its
lower end to the crosspiece n³ which said crosspiece is provided with recesses or
slots equal in number to the different kinds of type employed. The cross piece n³
presses upon the lever and this depresses the pin and thus the type of the
horizontal drum is impressed into the material of the matrix which is fixed on the
alide A. At the same time the depression, of the pin n and the crosspiece n³
causes the corresponding type to be printed by means of the pin s of the vertical
drum o on the proof sheet which is wound round or attached around the roller m².
This pin 8 is acted upon by means of the lever combination t which is put into action
by means of the inclined or wedge like projection on the cross piece n³. The ends
of the type of the vertical drum, which are engraved with the letters signs or
figures project beyond the surface of the said drum o so that during the revolution
of the same they may be provided with printing ink from rollers placed in suitable
position so as to have the printing on the proof sheet in ink. These rollers are
not shewn in the drawing.
When the excentric handle n¹ is reversed the following action ensues :-
1, The lever and the pin n² are raised by the action of the spring v so that the
type of the horizontal drum E the pressure having been removed is withdrawn from
the matrix by means of its spiral spring and at the same time the pin i is also
raised by means of its spiral spring.
2, The lever combination t is by means of a spring provided for that purpose,
pressed back into its former position and the pressure being removed the type of
the vertical drum o and the pins are by means of their spiral springs withdrawn
into their former positions. After this the excentric knob c which has been
depressed by the right hand is released. This allows the counterweight to press
its pin Q' down as far as the shoulder or collar and consequently the frame G with
it. The rack 9* which is attached to or which forms the front side of the frame G
now causes the toothed sector go to make a partial revolution which said sector can
move freely on the shaft or axle ¹ Fig 6 and 7. The action or effect of the
counterweight Q, can be substituted by a lever, spring or other suitable
arrangement. This partial revolution of the toothed sector go and consequently the
pawl the bearing of which can be of one piece with the toothed sector g³ causes
the ratchet wheel h to turn round in precisely the same direction as occurred upon
the depression of the excentrix knob c' as atore described. As the revolution or
partial revolution of the ratchet wheel h is transmitted to the shaft or axle h¹ and
consequently to the toothed wheel & the same effect is attained by releasing the
excentric knob or handle c³ as was effected by the depression of the same, viz the
slide carriage B and the roller m' are caused to advance in the direction of the line

page_text: to be printed such advance being equivalent to half the space occupied by the letter
or type just impressed plus half the space between two letters.
In order to impress the next letter sign or figure in the matrix and to print the
same on the proof-sheet the before described operations are repeated.
In order to attain the adequate space between two words the lever c² is.
depressed by means of the knob c' into one of the slots of the ring d and
again released without a type being impressed in the matrix. By the combined
action of the excentric knob c' and the counterweight Q the desired space is
obtained.
After the completion of a line the pawls g³ and 96 which are pressed into gear
with the teeth of the ratchet wheel by means of springs are put out of gearing by
means keys or wedges provided for that purpose, and the slide carriage B and the
bracket m screwed backwards in the direction of the line by means of the screw
spindle b which is turned by the handle or crank b². After this the slide A alone,
that is without the said carriage B is moved a distance equal to the space between
two lines, this being effected by the screw spindle a which is turned by the handle
or crank a¹
In order to be able to commence a fresh line on the proof sheet the roller m'
must be also turned a distance equal to the space between two lines.
In order to
perform this exactly a ratchet wheel or a disc provided with suitable notches z is
employed, in the recesses or notches of which a pawl with a spring works, and
which said wheel or disc z is attached to the same shaft or axle that carries the
roller m². After these operations are performed and the two pawls of the shaft or
axle h again put into gear, a fresh line of printing can be begun.
By means of the set screw n the movement of the excentric n can be regulated
and the depth of the impressions of the type of the horizontal drum in the matrix
varied at pleasure.
When it is desired to work with another kind of type it is necessary:
1, to adjust the lever ¹, which is capable of being moved horizontally and
vertically round its pivot, into another recess of the crosspiece 7³. Thus the
said crosspiece n³ is caused to cover a different pin i which said pin depresses
the letters, signs or figures of the desired row or ring of type of the horizontal
drum E'.
2, to loosen the pressure screw c¹0 and to adjust the step wedge piece c³ of the
lever c² to correspond to the amount of advance required by the new type and then
to retighten the said pressure screw clo. The various thicknesses of the step-wedge
piece c³ enable the advance of the slide-carriage B and that of the roller m¹ to be
adjusted according as the type contained in the horizontal drum E requires it.
In order to be able to rule lines with the machine special types or dies of the
horizontal and vertical drums E and o are provided with small rollers for vertical
as well as for horizontal lines Fig. 8 and 9.-When it is required to impress a line
the lever c² is turned by means of the excentric knob or bandle c¹ to the slot of the
ring & which represents the type or die of the line. This causes the type pin with
the roller or small wheel to place itself underneath the pin i of the horizontal
drum E and in front of the pin s of the vertical drum o. The wheel or roller is
now pressed into the matrix and on to the proof sheet by means of the excentric
handle n' and the slide carriage B and the roller m¹ are advanced in the desired
direction. This causes the one wheel to cut or impress a line in the matrix while
the other wheel prints an ink line on the proof sheet. The advance of the slide
carriage B and the roller m¹ for ruling lines in the horizontal direction can be
effected in two different manners:
1, By continually depressing and releasing the lever c³ by means of the excentric
knob or handle c¹ until the line has received the desired length, the left hand
during this time holing the excentric n¹ depressed so that the type of the hori
zontal drum which is provided with the wheel cuts continually into the matrix
and the corresponding type of the vertical drum o uninterruptedly prints the line
on the proof sheet.

page_text: 2. By causing the slide carriage B and roller m' to advance by means of the
screw or spindle b and crank b¹, the respective types of the horizontal and vertical
drums being as before depressed or protruded by means of the excentric handle n¹
in the manner previously described. In order to rule vertical lines the lever c³ is
adjusted to the proper position of the ring d, after which the type or die with the
wheel is depressed by means of the excentric n' then the slide A is advanced by
turning the screw spindle a by means of the handle or crank a', whereby the wheel
cuts or impresses the line in the matrix. If the vertical line is required on the
proof sheet, the roller m¹ must be turned the necessary distance by means of the
check wheel or notched disc z. A scale D is marked on the top or upper plate r
and a pointer D¹ is fixed to the slide-carriage B wbich said pointer travels with
the said slide-carriage and indicates on the scale the position in the direction of
the line which the said slide carriage occupies.
The indicator R which is in connection with the screw spindle a by means of
tooth wheels serves to shew continuously the position which the slide A occupies.
This is shewn on the graduated ring the divisions of which correspond to the
space between the lines. The indicator thus enables the slide A to be adjusted to
any desired line by means of the handle or crank a¹.
As the different kinds of type require different spaces between the lines, the
following arrangements are made :
1, a ratchet wheel or disc a³ provided with a suitable number of notches in its
periphery is fixed on the screw spindle a. A spring catches in the notches or
cavities of this wheel or disc by which means the desired partial revolution of the
screw spindle a is regulated.
2, the graduated ring of the indicator arrangement R can be exchanged for
another, the divisional unit of which corresponds to the desired distance between
the lines.
In order to print with more than the ordinary space between the letters a
greater advance of the slide carriage B is caused by means of the step wedge
piece which causes the letters to be impressed further apart from each other.
An incorrectly stamped or impressed matrix can be repaired or corrected in two
different ways:
1, By cutting out the piece to be corrected, stamping the correct sentence, word
or type on another piece of matrix material, letting the same into the original
matrix and glueing or otherwise attaching the corrected matrix on to a piece of
paper or other suitable material.
2, By affixing paper or other suitable material over the spot to be corrected by
means of gum or other adhesive, material and by placing the matrix in its original
position, then adjusting the slides by means of the cranks or handles a' b¹ and
stamping the desired correction in the paper or other material affixed to the matrix
as aforementioned.
The correction of an incorrectly stamped or impressed matrix would not be
possible if the breadths of the letters, signs and figures were not divided according
to a definite unit.
The exact position of the slide A for the purpose of correction is indicated in
the direction of the line by the scale D and its position with regard to the
consecutive order of the lines is shewn by the hand or indicator on the graduated
ring belonging to the indicator arrangement R.
In order to distinguish the spot on the proof sheet where the correction is
required, paper is employed for the proof sheet which is ruled vertically with lines
corresponding to the unit upon which the divisions of the widths of the letters,
signs and figures is based, and horizontally with lines corresponding to the spaces
required between the lines to be printed.
The matrix material can also be covered with paper ruled in the same manner.
Having now described my said invention and the manner in which the same
is to be carried into effect, I desire it to be understand that the component parts,

page_text: of my said invention may be modified without departing from the tenor of my
said invention, but what I claim and desire to have secured by Letters Patent is:
1, The construction and employment of a machine which can be worked by hand
or driven by a suitable motor for :
a.) stamping or impressing letters signs or figures into suitable material in order
to form type moulds or matrices for type founding such as are employed in the art
of letterpress printing for itself alone:
b) the said machine in connection with the device, arrangement or apparatus for
printing the proof sheet at the same time that the matrix described above is being
inade in the machine proper,
c) The construction and arrangement of the parts constituting a device or
apparatus for printing proof sheets or other matter for itself alone and without its
combination with the said matrix stamping machine, substantially as described in
the foregoing specification and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
2, The employment of the horizontal type drum E, which revolves with the
pivot axle or centre in combination with the stationary ring d, which latter is
provided with slots, substantially as described in the foregoing specification and
shewn in the accompanying drawings.
3. The construction and arrangement of the stationary ring d with slots of
various depths, such said depth bearing always a definite proportion to one half of
the breadth of the corresponding letter sign or figure plus half the space between
two letters signs or figures. This said division enables the slide carriage B when
the lever is depressed, to advance in the direction of the line a distance
equivalent to half the width of the letter, sign or figure to be impressed plus balf
the space between two letters substantially as described in the foregoing speci-
fication and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
4, The employment of the vertical type drum o in combination with the
horizontal type drum E by means of the double toothed wheel p substantially as
described in the foregoing specification and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
5. The arrangement of the types or dies in their consecutive order in the
horizontal drum E and also in the vertical drum o so that the type or die of a
letter, sign or figure takes up its position-those of the horizontal drum under-
neath the pin and those of the vertical drum in front of the pin s-as soon as
the lever c³ has been so turned or moved that the same stands over the slot or sign
of the stationary ring d corresponding to the said letter sign or figure desired to
be impressed, substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shewn
in the accompanying drawings.
6, The arrangement and employment of several different kinds of type in the
same machine, substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shewn
in the accompanying drawings.
7, The employment of those parts or details necessitated by the arrangement of
the different kinds of type substantially as described in the foregoing specification
and shewn in the accompanying drawings viz-
a) The lever for depressing the type or dies in combination with the excentric
n and the intermediate parts n² and n³ which transmit the pressure of the
excentric n to the lever .
b) The step wedge and the tightening or pressure screw co which serve to
regulate the advance of the slide carriage B and the roller m¹, acccording to the
requirements of the type employed for ordinary letter press or for wide printing.
8, The construction and employment of the mechanism shewn in Fig. 6 and 7.
a) in its entire arrangement when it serves to transmit the motion produced by
the pressure on the excentric knob or handle c' to the shaft or axle ¹ such said
motion being variable at pleasure, and upon removal of the pressure from the knob
or handle c¹ being reproduced or repeated by the counter-weight or other
suitable power to exactly the same extent as produced by the depression of the
excentric knob or handle c¹.

page_text: b) the construction and employment of the pin which works up and down
inside the axle c in combination with the ring c by means of the pins co.
c) the mechanism consisting of the ratchet wheel h, the two toothed sectors g²
and with their pawls g³ and g and the two racks g¹ and g' attached to the
frame G, in combination with the counterweight Q or other equivalent power, by
which means a continual motion in one and the same direction is obtained
independent of whether the frame G moves up or down in its guides, substantially
as described in the foregoing specification and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
9, The employment of the set screw n' by means of which the depth of the
impressions made by the type or die in the matrix are regulated substantially as
described in the foregoing specification and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
10. The arrangement and employment of type or dies with small wheels or
rollers in order to adapt the machine for ruling or impressing lines substantially
as described in the foregoing specification and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
11. The arrangement and employment of the pointer D¹ and the scale D in
order to uninterruptedly indicate the position which the slide carriage B occupies
in the direction of the line substantially as described in the foregoing specification
and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
12. The arrangement and employment of the indicator mechanism R which is
in connection with the screw or spindle a and serves to shew the position, which
the slide A occupies in the consecutive order of the lines substantially as
described in the foregoing specification and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
13, The employment of the ratchet wheel or notched disc a³ in combination
with its spring, which said wheel or disc is fixed on the screw spindle a and
enables the same to be turned round a definite portion of a complete revolution,
substantially as described in the foregoing specification, and shewn in the
accompanying drawings.
14. The division of the widths of the separate letters signs or figures according
to a given unit so that the travel of the matrix material or paper of a matrix
impressing or stamping machine and of a writing or printing machine may
amount exactly to half the breadth, of a letter, sign or figure plus half the space
between two letters, substantially as described in the foregoing specification and
shewn in the accompanying drawings.
4
15. The employment of such ruled paper for the proof sheet and matrix or
suitable material substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shewn
in the accompanying drawings.
16. Correcting the matrices prepared by the machine, according to the two
manners, substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shewn in
the accompanying drawings.
In Witness whereof I the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 30th day of August in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witnesses
JOHN O. TONKIN,
JEAN HASSERT.
EDWIN A. BRYDGES. (L.S.)