Improvements in and connected with the Bottom-brackets of Cycles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 18th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 19th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Bottom-brackets of
Cycles.
I, FREDERICK WARWICK Merchant of "The Dingle" Shirley in the County
of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from
Edward Warwick, Mechanical Engineer of Toledo United States of America) to
be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the making of the bottom-bracket of a cycle in
such a manner as to be produced at the minimum of cost with full strength and
with improved appearance.
In carrying out my invention I cut from a stock length of metal tubing a piece
of sufficient length to form a bottom-bracket, or instead of cutting the piece from
a stock length of tubing I produce the required tubular part by stamping, or by
casting, or by other suitable means, in either of such cases I should next take the
tubular part and bore or otherwise produce the required number of holes to receive
the short arms or nozzles.
I next provide the required number of short branches or nozzles which
may be cut from a stock length of metal tubing and afterwards flanged, or
which may be stamped up from a flat blank, or which may be produced by any
other suitable mechanical means, in each case and however produced, such nozzles
are flanged outwards at the root-end and shaped to a true mitre with the internal
surface of perforated tube.
I next provide the locking-tube which consists of a piece of metal-tube equal in
length to the perforated tube, the diameter of the locking-tube corresponds with
the internal diameter of the perforated tube end-rings.
I next provide the end-rings for perforated-tube, each ring is at of an inch in
depth more or less, the thickness being such as to permit the locking-tube to clear
the flanges of nozzles, or to just touch such nozzlo-flanges.
I next provide two cones one for each end of the locking-tube. In putting
together the several parts hereinbefore described a nozzle would be passed down
the inside of perforated-tube and then pushed through one of the perforations until
the flange took a bearing against the inner surface of perforated tube, all the
other nozzles would then be placed in their perforations in a similar manner to
that in which the first nozzle was adjusted, the flanges so placed in position can
then be brazed to the large perforated tube before the locking-tube is inserted, the
lccking-tube would then be inserted through the ring at one end of perforated tube
passing onwards and touching the whole of the flanges of nozzles, the end of such
locking-tube passing into the ring provided to receive it at other end of perforated-
tube, or one ring can be left loose until the locking-tube is brazed and consolidated
with the perforated-tube, or the locking-tube can be held in position within the
end-rings and not brazed to the outer shell.
The cones fitting into the ends of locking-tube are each provided with a flange
taking a surface bearing against the end of such locking-tube, therefore when the
pedal-spindle is passed through the bottom-bracket, the adjustment of the outer
cones would support the inner cones within the locking-tubes.
By the adoption of my improved bottom-bracket the joints usually made in

page_text: connecting the frame-tubes to the bottom-bracket will be covered and out of sight,
because the nozzles pass inside the frame-tubes instead of outside.
Dated this 7th day of October 1896.
COME LEIM SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Bottom-brackets of
Cycles.
1 FREDERICK WARWICK Merchant of "The Dingle" Shirley in the County
of Warwick do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
from Edward Warwick, Mechanical Engineer of Toledo, United States of America)
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the making of the bottom-bracket of a cycle in
such a manner that such bottom-bracket can be produce at the minimum of cost
with full strength and with improved appearance.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the
manner in which the invention is made and utilized.
Figure 1 represents an end plan of improved bottom-bracket.
Figure 2 represents an elevation of Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents the outside pierced main-tube.
Figure 4 represents a detail view of the larger nozzle.
Figure 5 represents a plan of the end cones or bearings for ball-race.".
Figure 6 represents a section of Figure 5.
Figure 7 represents the inside locking-tube.
Figure 8 represents the smaller nozzle.
Figure 9 represents a plan of end-ring.
Figure 10 represents an edge view of Figure 9.
In carrying out my invention in some cases cut from a stock length of
tubing a piece of sufficient length to form a bottom-bracket as shewn at Figure 1,
I next take the tubular part and bore or otherwise produce the two large nozzle-
holes a and the two smaller nozzle holes b; in other cases I produce the outside main
tubular part by stamping, the holes a and b in such cases would be bored through
the stamping; in yet other cases i produce the outside main tubular part by casting
and in such cases the holes a and could be tooled out to the required finished
sizes.
I next provide the required number of short branches or nozzles, in making the
standard sizes and type of bottom bracket as shewn completed at Figures 1 and 2
I provide two large nozzles as shewn at Figure 4 and two smaller nozzles as
shewn at Figure 8, such nozzles may be cut from a stock length of metal tubing
and afterwards flanged as shewn at c Figure 4 and at d Figure 8, or such nozzles
may be stamped from a flat blank and then flanged or they may be produced by
any other suitable mechanical means, in each case however produced the nozzles
would be shaped so that the flanges would make a true mitre with the internal
surface of perforated main outer tube.
piece
I next provide the locking-tube as shewn at Figure 7 which consists of a
of metal tube equal in length to the perforated main outer tube shewn at Figure 1,
the diameter of the locking-tube corresponds with the internal diameter of the
end-rings illustrated in detail at Figures 9 and 10.
I next provide the end-rings for perforated tube, each ring is of such a depth
and thickness as to form a safe end-bearing for the locking-tube, so as to support
the locking-tube in position just clearing the nozzle flanges.

page_text: I next provide two bottom-cones or cups as shewn at Figures 5 and 6; one for
each end of the locking-tube.
In putting together the several parts herein before described, one of the larger
nozzles as shewn at Figure 4 would be passed down the inside of perforated main
outer tube e, and then pushed through one of the perforations a until the flange f
takes a bearing against the inner surface of perforated tube e, the nozzle projecting
from main outer tube as shewn at g Figure 2, a second of the larger nozzles would
next, be passed through a second piercing until the nozzle projected as shewn at h
Figure 2; one of the smaller nozzles as shewn at Figure 8 would next be passed
down the outer tube and then pushed through the top openings b until the nozzle
projected as shewn at j Figure 2, a second smaller nozzle would next be passed
down the outer tube and pushed through the lower piercing 6 until such nozzle
projected as shewn at k Figure 2, the flanges of the four nozzles so placed in
position can then be brazed to the inside of the outer perforated tube e before the
locking-tube is inserted, one of the rings as shewn at Figures 9 and 10 would next
be inserted in one end of perforated-tube e, the joggles or pins 7 passing into slots
pierced from the outer edge of tube e to the required depth, such joggles supporting
the ring and preventing it from turning when the locking-tube is passed through
it, the locking-tube would then be inserted through the ring passing outwards
through the outer tube and in some cases touching the whole of the flanges of
nozzles, the forward end of locking-tube passing to bottom end of outer tube flush
with such tube, a second end-ring would then be introduced in position over the
end of locking-tube within the end of outer tube, the locking-tube so adjusted within
the end-rings would bear equally against the flanges of nozzles forcing such nozzles
outwards, so that they would each take a fair surface-bearing against the internal
periphery of outer perforated tube and by such adjustment each nozzle would
project at the desired true angle, in some cases such adjustment of the locking-tube
against the flanges of nozzles would be sufficient to produce a usable substantial
bottom-bracket, in other cases I prefer to consolidate the flanges of the nozzles
against the inner surface of perforated outer tube by the brazing process, leaving
the locking-tube disconnected (by brazing) from the flanges of nozzles but yet
bearing against such nozzle-flanges, and in such cases the locking-tube could be
taken out and put in again any number of times when so doing would facilitate the
adjustment of the ball-bearings or the removal of one or more of the nozzles. In
other cases the locking-tube would be brazed to and amalgamated with the outer
tube and end-rings so as to produce the mechanically brazed effect to be gained by
such connection.
Although I have illustrated and described two larger nozzles and two smaller
nozzles I do not confine myself to the use of these four nozzles as I prefer in some
cases to use four smaller nozzles instead of two, to suit the class of cycle-frame that
needs six connecting nozzles, and in a like manner I can use more than two larger
nozzles, or any desired number of nozzles of various sizes, in accordance with the
class of cycle-frame to be built up on my improved bottom-bracket.
The bottom cupped-bearings as shewn at Figures 5 and 6" and technically known
in the cycle trade as cones" would be placed in position within the locking-tube, the
shoulder m taking against the end n of locking-tube and so leaving the lips o of
cup-bearings projecting from each end of bottom-bracket, consequently when a
pedal-spindle is passed through the central holes of cups to project from each end
of bottom-bracket, the screw adjustment of the outer or top caps or cones over the
spherical balls revolving in the bottom bearings or cups (Figure 6) would adjust
and secure the shoulder m of bottom-bearings against the ends n of locking-tube.
In the manufacture of my improved bottom-bracket high-grade finished tubes
can be quickly cut into short pieces and combined together in the manner herein-
before described, at a comparatively low cost, and the bracing of the locking-tube
against the flanges of the nozzles within the perforated outer tube as shewn and
described will produce a mechanical effect not hitherto attained in the production
of the bottom-brackets of cycles.

page_text: By the adoption and use of my improved bottom-brackets as hereinbefore
described in the make up of cycle-frames the joints hitherto made will be superseded
by joints made over the nozzles instead of inside such nozzles thus shewing no
joints or outer projecting nozzles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1st. The invention as illustrated and described for use in the manner described.
2nd. The making of the bottom-bracket of a cycle by the combination of a
perforated outer tube with nozzles, rings, cones, and locking-tube; the ends of the
locking-tube taking a suspended bearing in end-rings with the outer peripheral
surface of such locking-tubes near to or touching the flanges of nozzles, thereby
locking the nozzles within the perforations of outer tube, as illustrated and
described.
-
3rd. In a cycle bottom-bracket formed from a perforated outer tube nozzles end-
rings cones and a locking-tube; the brazing of the nozzle-flanges to the outer
peripheral surface of locking-tube..
1000
Witness-
FREDERICK WARWICK.
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, 67 Corporation Street, Birmingham,
Patent Agent.