WORKING ORGAN BELLOWS FEEDERS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: JOHN EARSDON, Engineer 5 Grafton Mews Prince of Wales rd Kentish Town
London do hereby declare the nature of my invention for WORKING ORGAN
BELLOWS FEEDERS AND OTHER PURPOSES and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
These improvements have reference to that class of Water pressure engines
used for imparting a reciprocating motion to Organ Bellows Feeders and for such
other purposes where it is desirable to obtain a reciprocating motion by water
power.
The engine constructed according to these improvements is such as to enable the
whole of the work to be done to be attached direct to one piston rod and to retain
all the advantages to be obtained by connecting the load to cranks, and in the
case of Organ Bellows feeders to stop & start the engine automatically without
making mechanicle connection between the Bellows resoirvoir and the regulating
valve on the engine.
The engine consists of a large cylinder having its piston & piston rod attached
direct to the feeder or other machine to which it is desired to impart a recipro-
cating movement, the piston rod carries a crosshead (working in suitable guide-
rods) which is connected by a connecting rod to a crank on a crank shaft with
cranks at right angles; in combination with the Large cylinder there is a cylinder
of smaller capacity the piston rod of which carries a crosshead (working in suitable
guide rods) which is connected by a connecting rod to the other crank on the crank
shaft.
In fig. 1 A is the piston rod of the large cylinder B is the bellows feeder C is
the crosshead D the guide rods E is the connecting rod & F the crankshaft, G is
the piston rod of the small cylinder H the crosshead I the guide rods & J the
connecting rod.
The circle shown in fig. 2 represents the path of the cranks, the line X Y is the
centre line of the piston rod of the large cylinder and A B, A D the centro line of.
the cranks. The action of the engine is as follows; when the cranks A B of the
large cylinder arrives at B the load of the large cylinder requires to be moved a
distance equal to twice the length of the versed sine of the chord of the arc BC
to get the crank over the dead point, and as the crank A D of the small cylinder is

page_text: .
in the most favourable position for exerting its power the distance from D to E
being much greater than twice the length of the versed sine of the chord of the
arc BC, the result is the large cylinder & its load is got over the dead centre by
the power exerted by the small cylinder.
It is to be understood that engines constructed as hereinbefore described may
have the cylinders placed at any angle to each other as may be found desirable to
suit special positions or purposes in which case it will be necessary to alter the
relative angle of the cranks to each other, also that they may be made on the trunk
system or the small cylinder may be made on the oscillating princible or with
cranks working in bows in the Piston rods.
In using engines for working organ feeders it is required to stop & start the
engine automatically to prevent the resoirvoir from being overblown which is
effected as follows, in connection with a wind resoirvoir or with a rod or projection
connected with a resoirvoir there is a valve box fig. 3 containing a valve which is
moved by a piston or spindle working through a stuffing box or on a flexible
diaphragm and connected with a lever to be moved by the resoirvoir.
The action of the valve is as follows Water under pressure enters the valve by
the pipe A (fig. 3) and flows through the port opening to pipe B which leads to an
ordinary differential starting valve fixed on the supply pipe of the engine and sets
the engine in motion. When the resoirvoir is nearly full of wind it rises & coines
in contact with the lever which raises the valve and shuts off communication
between A & B and establishes communication between B & C which releases
the pressure in the before mentioned differential starting valve and allows the
water to flow away by the exhaust pipe C thereby stopping the engine.
In cases where the starting valve on the supply pipe to the engine is worked by
alternate pressure on each side of a piston the valve shown in fig. 3 is provided
with another port similar to B at the other side of exhaust C and the port in the
valve is made of sufficient length to maintain communication between exhaust C
and one of the other ports so as to direct the pressure to either side of the piston
used for working the starting valve. In other constructions of the valve shown
in fig. 3 the lever is dispensed with and the valve is worked direct by the spindle
or piston coming in contact with the rising resoirvoir, or it may be a segmental or
circular valve or plug cock rotated by a lever and spindle, or a slide worked by a
compound or return lever, or a cock with taper or parallell Plug rotated by a spiral
on spindle or with arins inclined at an angle and attached to the spindle, or a
piston with ports through it worked in & out either by a lever or by direct contact
with the resoirvoir or projection from the resoirvoir.
It is obvious that the systam of automatically stoping & starting the engine
described by fig. 3 is applacable to other kinds of engines than the one herein
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The use of a small cylinder to carry the large cylinder over the dead point.
The use of a valve with lever piston or spindle for automatically stoping &
starting the engine.