matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BANKERS' CHEQUES OR DRAFTS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER LIKE MONETARY INSTRUMENTS OR DOCUMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jan Anthony Muller at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1880.
JAN ANTHONY Muller, Civil Engineer, of Amsterdam, Holland, at present of
30, Craven Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO BANKERS' CHEQUES OR DRAFTS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER LIKE
MONETARY INSTRUMENTS OR DOCUMENTS."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to bankers'
cheques or drafts and such like, or similar monetary instruments or documents, the
object being to prevent the fraudulent alteration of the amount expressed upon the
face thereof for payment.
According to this Invention there is to be printed upon the back, preferably, of
the instrument a combination of lines, straight or curved or straight and curved,
arranged as or similarly to diagramatical charts, that is, with ordinates and abscissa
intersecting each other, which said lines, ordinates, and abscissa represent units,
tens, hundreds, thousands, and so on, and intersecting at a point; such point
represents the amount of the ordinate plus the amount of the absciss. At the
requisite point of intersection, corresponding to the amount in pounds for or
below which the cheque is drawn, or which the instrument represents, a single hole
is to be pierced by suitable punch, point, or perforator.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATION OF WATERPROOF CLOTHING."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Neville at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th June 1880.
JOHN NEVILLE, of 16, Horton Road, Hackney, London, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATION OF WATERPROOF CLOTHING."
Instead of fixing the sleeves into the garment in the usual way I add to the
inside of the garment, or that part of it immediately round the armhole, a piece of
the same or any other material, coming up to the armhole and going back into the
garment 4 inches or more or less; the piece added I fasten to the garment round
the edge farthest from the armhole; I then fasten the sleeve into the cloth that has
been added, which piece, when joined to the sleeve, has the appearance of being an
addition to the top part of the sleeve. Air is admitted through the garment by
means of holes cut in the piece of cloth that has been added to the inside of the
garment; these holes are eyeleted to keep the edges from fraying. The seams
under the arms by which the back is joined to the foreparts I leave open as deep as
the cloth that has been added, to which cloth I continue joining the side seams, so
that a portion of the seam is left open for the purpose of ventilation; I also admit
air by means of holes made in the garment under the pocket flaps. When finished,
the garment is double round the armholes, the outside part being left loose a part
of the distance or all the way round, the inside part being fastened to the sleeve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Stansfield at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th June 1880.
JOHN STANSFIELD, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Machinery Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to improved appliances for preventing undue wear and
damage to the picker by the shuttle tip. Heretofore, the picker, after picking or
shooting the shuttle has not been returned to the end of its box with any degree of
certainty as to position, at one time being near its starting point, at others nearly
midway, the length of the box in all such cases being exposed to the impinging
force of the shuttle's tip on the shuttle re-entering the box, whereby the picker was
greatly damaged. To avoid the unnecessary wear and damage, as above described,
I apply near the rear end of the shuttle box a sickle shaped spring, the loose end of
which projects through a slit or passage way formed in the back board of the box,
or a blade or spiral spring may be so applied as that when the picker is by its
picking stick and strap returned, it cannot rebound, but is by the spring (against
which in returning it acts) trapped at the end of the box, so that on the shuttle
entering the box the ordinary "swell" acts on the shuttle and eases it, depriving it
of the power of impact upon the picker. In some cases a fulcrum lever may bo
employed, or a pulley and weight, for effecting the object of ensuring the position
of the picker, but I prefer the spring as first herein described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GASKETS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1880. A com-
munication from abroad by William Wallace and John King, both of Ansonia,
County of Newhaven and State of Connecticut, United States of America.
EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GASKETS." A communication
from abroad by William Wallace and John King, both of Ansonia, County of
Newhaven and State of Connecticut, United States of America.
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of the article
commonly called gaskets, that is to say, packing for steam and other joints. These
have heretofore been made of rubber, leather, or other flexible or elastic material,
and sometimes of lead or copper.
Rubber and the like are soon destroyed, lead is also susceptible to injury from
steam, gas, &c., so as to be like the first impracticable for any long continued
service; the copper gaskets serve a very good purpose, but in order to make the
gasket easily adapt itself to the irregularity of the parts, the surfaces have been
corrugated so as to present sharp edges to the surface which is to be packed, and
this packing surface being so small it is difficult to make a perfect joint. The
object of this Invention is to produce a gasket having a copper or similar ductile
metal surface with a body of softer material, and in such a gasket the Invention
consist.
From any suitable soft material, as, for instance, lead, the blank for the gasket is
cut, this blank is then subjected to an electro plating process, and a deposit of
copper made on its outer surface, so as to coat not only the packing sides, but the
outer edges; such a gasket therefore combines all the advantages of both the lead
and copper gasket, the copper serving as a protection to the lead, and the lead
yielding until a perfectly packed joint is produced. Instead of lead other soft
material may be used, as, for instance, a fine quality of felt, or fabricated, fibrous,
elastic, or flexible material.
In the use of such a material it is necessary to prepare the surface for the deposit
of copper, a process so well known to persons skilled in the art of electro plating
as not to require a description in this Specification. On the accompanying
Drawing Fig. 1 is a perspective view, and Fig. 2 a transverse section.
In the Drawing solid black represents the body or softer portion of the gasket,
and the surrounding or lighter portion shows the deposit of copper.
AN IMPROVED LUBRICATING FLUID
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Poole at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1880. A communication from
abroad by Samuel Rogers and Charles Henry Schooley, both of the City of
Toronto, in the County of York and Province of Ontario, Canada.
EDMUND POOLE, of No. 17, Ironmonger Lane, Cheapside, in the City of London,
Gentleman. "AN IMPROVED LUBRICATING FLUID." [A communication from
abroad by Samuel Rogers and Charles Henry Schooley, both of the City of Toronto,
in the County of York and Province of Ontario, Canada.]
To impart to all oils which are or may be used for lubricating purposes a viscid
and stringy nature, thereby improving the body and giving to them such adhesive-
ness that clinging the more tenaciously to the bearings or metal to which they
may be applied their durability will be much increased, waste of oil avoided, and
friction decreased, as the oil from its glycerine nature will gloss the bearings and
keep them smoothly polished and free from gum.
To carry the Invention into effect I first take and place raw india rubber in
benzine or oleine oil, or any other liquid that will dissolve or soften the india
rubber.
After the rubber has become soft or pulpy I place it in a steam heated boiler,
tank, or kettle, keeping the heat up to 250 degrees Fahrenheit, adding (as required)
oleine, parafine, or any other oil of a similar nature, until the compound has become
thoroughly dissolved into liquid paste, taking care to keep the paste as thick and
heavy as possible; or the rubber may at once be placed in the oleine, parafine, or
other oil at sufficient heat to liquify the same; this process however will require
more time.
When the rubber is thoroughly dissolved it is then ready for use, and can be
mixed with other oils by first heating them to 250 degrees Fahrenheit, then adding
the compound above described, also heated to same temperature, in a sufficient
quantity to give the desired stringiness (the quantity usually being about three
gallons to a barrel of oil), then thorougly stir or agitate the oil until the compound
is thoroughly incorporated or mixed with the oil; allow it to stand until cool.
When cool it is ready for use.
SOLITAIRES, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO FASTENINGS FOR BAGS, PURSES, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by. William Wallis Twigg and William
Charles Williamson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
9th June 1880.
IN
WILLIAM WALLIS TWIGG, of the Firm of William Twigg and Company, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, and WILLIAM CHARLES
"IMPROVEMENTS
WILLIAMSON, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Tool Maker.
SOLITAIRES, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE
APPLIED TO FASTENINGS FOR BAGS, PURSES, AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Our Invention has reference principally to solitaires and other like fastenings for
articles of dress and jewellery, but is also applicable to fastenings for other articles,
such for example, as bags and purses.
We will describe our Invention in connection with a solitaire.
The back part of the solitaire consists of a disc with a shank terminating in a
head. The front part of the solitaire consists of two disc shaped shells. The larger
of these shells forms the back of the front part of the solitaire. and has at its centre
a raised portion of a size and shape suitable for the reception of the head of the
back part of the solitaire. The smaller shell fits in the larger one, and upon the
smaller shell the ornamental front of the solitaire is placed, the parts being fixed
together by the turning over or burnishing of the edge of the larger shell, or the
parts may be otherwise connected together. The larger or outer shell has a radial
slot in it, the said slot terminating in a slot in the edge of the shell. The smaller
A bow
or inner shell has a slot extending across it in the direction of a diameter.
spring made of a slightly curved strip of sheet steel, of a length nearly equal to the
diameter of the larger shell, is dropped through the slot in the inner shell before the
parts are fixed together. The convex part of this spring bears against the raised
portion of the larger outer shell.
In using the solitaire, the head of the back part is passed through the parts of
the dress to be fastened together. The slot in the edge of the front part of the
solitaire is presented to the said head, and the said front part is pressed until by a
sliding motion the head of the back part, which in entering the slot passes between
the spring and the larger shell, comes opposite the raised portion of the larger shell,
when by the action of the spring the said head is made to snap into the said recess,
and the two parts of the fastening are secured together.

page_text: In order to unfasten the solitaire, the front part is depressed upon the back part
so as to remove the head of the inner shell from the recess in the outer shell,
when by lateral pressure the front part can by a sliding motion be removed from
the back part.
The application of our Invention to other fastenings differs in no essential respect 5
from its application to a solitaire, as herein explained.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UNITING THE ENDS or MACHINE DRIVING BELTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th November 1880. A communication
from abroad by Marie Schulze, of Berlin, Germany.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UNITING THE ENDS
or MACHINE DRIVING BELTS." [A communication from abroad by Marie Schulze,
of Berlin, Germany].
This Invention relates to a method of uniting the ends of driving belts for
machinery in such manner that the seams on the inner side thereof, viz., the side
with which such belts bear on the pulleys upon which they run, are covered, and
consequently are not liable to the wear which hitherto caused the separation of the
parts or lengths of which such belts may consist, or of the two ends if such belts
are in one piecc.
Hitherto the ends of the pieces or lengths of which such belts consist have been
pared or bevelled, and the ends so prepared laid together and sewn by ordinary
belt lacing
In carrying this Invention into practice I proceed as follows, that is to say :-
One section or length of the belt (at one or both ends thereof) instead of being
lengthwise pared or bevelled in the usual manner is slit open or split in its
centre, and the parts so formed are pared off or bevelled for a small part of their
length.
The part which is on the inner or "running" side of the belt is left somewhat
longer than the part on the outer side of the same.
The other section or length is pared off or bevelled and inserted between the two
parts of the part above referred to, glued to the upper part, and then sewn in the
usual manner.
Lastly, the lower part or flap of the split length is glued to the inner side of the
seam or join, so that the inner side of the belt is quite smooth or even.
By this novel manner of uniting the ends or parts of driving belts, not only the
frequent inconvenient slipping of the belts on the pulleys is obviated, but the seam
being protected the belts so made will be less liable to break or separate at the
joins than is the case with ordinary belts.
IMPROVEMENT SPINNING, TWISTING, AND PREPARING MACHINERY
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Henry Northrop and John
Clough at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th November
1880.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
JAMES HENRY NORTHROP, of Keighley, in the County of York, Mechanic, and
JOHN CLOUGH, of the same Place, Spinner and Manufacturer.
SPINNING, TWISTING, AND PREPARING MACHINERY."
The object of our Invention is to run the bobbins in spinning, twisting, and
preparing machinery at such a varying rate of speed as is required to take up the
yarn or roving delivered by the front rollers at one uniform tension, and is in
reality a further improvement upon the Letters Patent granted to James Henry
Northrop, numbered 658, and dated the 14th day of February 1880.
We accomplish this in the following manner :-
Upon an ordinary spindle we place a tube terminating in a disc; this tube and
disc are loose on the spindle. On the spindle we fix a wharl above or below the
ordinary wharl. The motion given to the spindle is in the ordinary way, but in
our improvement we have a shaft running the entire length of the frame, or other
equivalent, a shaft with wharls loose upon the same. Near to each spindle we fix
a small shaft upon the lifter or collar rail, or other convenient position, upon which
is carried a friction wheel, which is attached to a wharl, the wharl and friction
wheel run loose upon the small shaft. This wharl and friction wheel is driven by
a band passing round the extra wharl on the spindle, round the loose wharls on the
shaft, and round the wharl and friction wheel. We also drive the disc at the
bottom of the tube without the intervention of a band, as above described, or we
can drive the wharl and friction wheel by a band from the ordinary cylinder,
Another modification of this arrangement consists in a lever, one end of which
forms an eye; through this eye the yarn passes to the Byer. The lever is centred
to a fixing below terminating in a balance weight. Between the eye and the
centred portion of the lever is a pin or clip which works into a grooved pulley
working upon the small shaft and fixed to friction wheel. The yarn passing
through the eye of the lever is made to regulate the friction wheel working on the
disc.

page_text: .
In the various modifications for accomplishing our object the principle is the
same, that is to say, when the friction wheel approaches the centres of the tube
dise the tube disc revolves faster; as the friction wheel recedes from the centre to
the circumference the tube disc revolves at a slower rate, thus giving a variable
speed to the tube disc, which is required to accomplish uniform tension.
By this improvement the extra spindle described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to James Henry Northrop is entirely dispensed with, and the same
objects therein claimed are accomplished.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1880. A communication
from abroad by La Société Poron Frères, Fils, et Mortier, of Troyes, Aube,
France.
JOHN IMRAY, of Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY." [A communication from abroad by
La Société Poron Frères, Fils, et Mortier, of Troyes, Aube, France.]
This Invention relates to a construction and arrangement of the needle bar
employed in knitting machines, and of the connections for working it, so that a
number of the needles which it carries can be simultaneously thrown out of use or
brought into use as required for knitting different patterns. For this purpose the
bar instead of being made in one length is made in separate lengths, each carrying
a number of needles, and each of these lengths is supported by arms from the
rocking shaft, which is worked by a cam in the usual way. These arms, however,
instead of being as usual fixed to the rocking shaft, are loose thereon, so that the
shaft can rock without giving them motion, and they are drawn back by springs
so as to retain such of the needles as are out of use in their back position. Behind
the arms which carry the separate lengths of needle bar, as above described, there
is a bar carried on a pair of arms which are fixed on the rocking shaft, and this
bar is mounted on these arms so that it can be slid longitudinally while it receives
from these arms its reciprocating motion. On this bar there are bolts which by
sliding the bar longitudinally can be made to take into notches provided in the
loose arms that carry the lengths of needle bar, or by sliding the bar in the opposite
direction the bolts can be withdrawn from these notches. Thus while the machine is
at work the bar can be slid back so as to disengage two or more of the needle bar
arms, which with their needles then remain at rest, the other needles whose lengths
of bar are still engaged continuing to work.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC AND STEAM LIFTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua Shaw and John Shaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1880.
JOSHUA SHAW and JOHN SHAW, both of Salford, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC AND STEAM LIFTS."
This Invention is designed principally to be applied to hydraulic lifts to dispense
with the rams and multiplying apparatus usually employed, but it may also
be applied to some forms of steam lifts where the steam is admitted at the top of
the piston only.
The Invention consists principally in connecting the piston directly with the
cage to be lifted by means of a flexible piston rod composed of metallic wire (or
wires), or by a flexible metallic band (or bands) passing over a pulley above, one
end of the wire or band being attached to the cage and the other to the piston in
the cylinder or tube, which latter must be as long as the lift is high.
The water (or steam) is admitted above the piston, and forcing the latter
downwards in the cylinder or tube the flexible piston rod or band (which passes
out through a stuffing box in the top of the cylinder) raises up the cage to the
height required.
When it is desired to lower the cage the water is allowed to escape from the
cylinder by a tap or valve at or near the top of the cylinder, the weight of the cage
drawing up the piston and assisting in forcing the water out. It will thus be seen
that both in raising and lowering the cage the flexible piston rod or band is only
submitted to a tensile strain.
The piston rod or band may be made of any other suitable flexible material or
materials instead of metal, provided it possesses the required strength and flexibility,
and is of such a nature that it can be made to pass water or steam-tight through a
stuffing box.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Chester Haworth and James
Mounsey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December
1880.
GEORGE CHESTER HAWORTH, of Chorlton-cum-Hardy, in the County of Lancaster,
and JAMES MOUNSEY, of Bolton, in the same County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES
AND FLYERS."
.
In spindles which work in a long collar or bearing above the wharve, the friction
of such long bearing considerably increases the power required for driving the
spindles.
We make in such spindles an annular recess above the shoulder, which is above
or level with the wharve of any desired length, and between the upper and lower
part of the collar bearing. By thus reducing the diameter of a portion of the
spindle that runs in the long collar bearing fixed in and above the bolster rail, a
great saving of power in driving is effected, and the spindle runs more steadily.
Our improvement in flyers consists in making the legs crooked or curved, of an
irregular or waved shape, whereby the tendency to expansion is greatly reduced,
and a much lighter flyer can be used, consequently ensuring more steady working
of the spindle than is attainable with the old flyers.
AN IMPROVED FOLDING FOOT-MUFF OR VALISE
Year: 1880

page_text: &
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Benjamin Oyex at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1880.
GUSTAVE BENJAMIN OYEX, of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1, at Paris, Manufacturer.
'AN IMPROVED FOLDING FOOT-MUFF OR VALISE."
My Invention has for its object an arrangement of folding valise or portmanteau
combined with a foot warmer, whereby any person travelling by rail or road is
enabled to make use of it for keeping the feet warm, and at the same time as a
valise for holding various articles.
It consists in attaching to or otherwise combining with a valise or portmanteau
a fur or other soft lining, arranged so that on opening or folding back the valise
or portmanteau one portion of the lining will appear on one side of the valise or
portmanteau for the reception of the feet, and the other portion on the other side
for closing down upon the feet. The two portions of the valise or portmanteau
are provided with the usual pockets or compartments for the stowage of travelling
requirements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel O'Neill, of Eccles, in the County of Lancashire,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel O'Neill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February 1880.
SAMUEL O'NEILL, of Eccles, in the County of Lancashire.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
“IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of mechanism to be applied to
looms for taking up the cloth as it is woven, the object being to ensure that the
rate of take up shall be uniform, and shall be capable of adjustment to suit the
work in hand.
The Invention applies mainly to what are known as fustian and velveteen looms
that require a uniformity of pick to be maintained throughout the work. Instead
of mounting the cloth roller as usual in stationary bearings I mount it in bearings
carried by a pair of weighted levers, and I cause it to lie upon a roller, which takes
the place in the loom of the ordinary cloth roller, and is driven at a certain deter-
minate speed from a longitudinal shaft actuated through a ratchet wheel from the
batten, or from some other suitable source of motion in the loom.
The driven roller I form with a friction surface, using preferably for its covering
perforated sheet metal. The cloth as it leaves the breast bean is drawn down
under this driven roller, and is then brought round and lapped upon the cloth
roller, which is pressed against the driven roller, the woven cloth intervening.
As the driven roller rotates it will draw down the cloth, which will cling to its
uneven or roughened surface, and by reason of friction of contact with the cloth
roller it will cause that roller to wind up the work at an uniform speed.
The variations in the speed will be determined by the number of teeth in the
ratchet wheel before mentioned, and by simply replacing the ratchet wheel by one
baving a greater or a lesser number of teeth any desired rate of take up may be
ensured.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS, STUDS, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Simmons at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1880.
THOMAS SIMMONS, of Playhouse Yard, Golden Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Button Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS, STUDS, AND SUCH LIKE
ARTICLES."
My Invention relates to a construction of buttons, studs, and such like articles, so as
to make them at comparatively small cost present the appearance of solid tortoiseshell.
For this purpose I cement on to a blank or disc of horn a thin veneer of tortoise-
shell, fixing it by a cement consisting of Scotch glue mixed with about 10 per
cent. of Canada balsam, which is softened for the purpose of giving adhesion by
the application and pressure of a heated iron. After the tortoiseshell is fixed it
is polished in the usual way. In some cases I also veneer in like manner the
edge of the blank or disc, so as to give the article the appearance of entirely solid
tortoiseshell.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR SHAKING STRAW PASSING FROM THRESHING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Gray Morton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1880.
ROBERT GRAY MORTON, of Errol Works, in the County of Perth, North Britain,
Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR SHAKING STRAW
PASSING FROM THRESHING MACHINES."
This Invention has reference to or has for its object the better shaking of straw
passing from threshing machines, and sufficiently separating the threshed grain
from the straw by tossing such straw in the degree that may be necessary; and
the nature and novelty of the Invention consist in the particulars following, viz. :-
The formerly patented method of placing a crank shaft in the centre of the straw
shakers, supported one half at one end by oscillating standards or hangers and the
other half similarly supported at the other end, causes great leverage on the crank
and entails a tendency to breakage where the shakers are long. The other former
method of placing the crank shaft anywhere near the end of the shakers and
having the other end supported by oscillating standards or hangers causes the
straw to lie comparatively dead and unshaken in consequence of the little
elevation available thereby obtained for the shaker, such elevation being in that
case equal only to the sine of the arc described by the oscillation of the
standards or hangers.
Instead of either of these methods the new and improved apparatus or means
specially designed or invented, and for which protection is hereby sought to be
secured, is the placing of a rocking shaft across the threshing machine frame under
that end of the shakers which is furthest from the crank shaft, and attaching on
opposite sides of said rocking shaft wipers or spanners (keyed, cast, or forged)
projecting the proper distance from the shaft, which wipers or spanners are then
attached to the oscillating standards or hangers so as to balance the shakers, one
half of them with the other half, in the manner of a weigh-beam. On the end of
the rocking shaft is attached a suitable lever, with a connecting rod of suitable
length, which is worked by a crank or eccentric fixed at a suitable angle on the
crank shaft so as to swing the lever and make the wipers or spanners rise and fall
alternately in unison with the throw of the crank shaft. The effect of this

page_text: operation is to cause the shakers not only to move backwards and forwards in
degree equal to the throw of the crank, but also causes them to rise and fall the
distance which the proportion of the throw of the crank and the length of the
lever and wipers or spanners allows. This method secures that the shakers can be
made to toss and shake the straw to the degree required to separate the grain from
the straw; whereas in other shakers having either single or double cranks, the throw
of the straw is fixed and cannot be altered. Such improved shaker is less expensive
than those having double cranks, is much more easily driven, and is more
durable.
Protection is hereby desired to be secured.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Britten at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st January 1880.
JOHN BRITTEN, of Camberwell.
BRIDGES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
My Invention is chiefly applicable to large bridges, and consists in placing the
side girders in a sloping position, so that their upper members or their lower
members shall be united into one, or so that the transverse section of the structure
shall form a triangle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sydney Pitt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1880. A communication
from abroad by Charles de Nottbeck, of Saint Petersburg, in the Empire of
Russia, Civil Engineer.
SYDNEY PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TELEPHONES." [A communication from abroad by Charles de Nottbeck, of Saint
Petersburg, in the Empire of Russia, Civil Engineer.]
This Invention has for its object improvements in telephones.
I close the mouth piece of the transmitting telephone by pasting or cementing
over it a diaphragm of paper or like material. The vibrations produced by the
voice are thus developed and the vibrating plate of the instrument is impressed
more strongly.
By this means also the entrance of dust is prevented and the rusting of the plate
by the moisture of the breath is avoided.
I attach the bobbin to the vibrating plate of the receiving telephone in place of
to the magnet as is usual; by this means stronger vibrations are obtained. The
arrangement also admits of a plate of mica or other non magnetic material being
substituted for the vibrating plate of thin iron heretofore employed. The
instrument may also be made with two bobbins mounted upon a horse shoe core.
This core is attached to the vibrating plate at the centre, and its ends come into
close proximity with the poles of a permanent horse shoe magnet.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DEPOSITING GOLD OR ANY OTHER DUST UPON PRINTED FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lloyd at the Office of the .
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st August 1880.
JOHN LLOYD, of Church, in the County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR DEPOSITING GOLD OR ANY OTHER DUST UPON PRINTED FABRICS."
This Invention relates to the method of printing in gold, silver, bronze, or other
dust or powder upon calicoes or other woven fabrics, wherein the design is first
printed in varnish, size, or other adhesive medium, and the gold or other dust is
sprinkled by hand (or otherwise) over the same whilst the varnish or other medium
is in an adhesive state; the object of the present Invention being to save labor and
material, and to prevent the deteterious effects upon the workpeople caused by
their breathing the fine metallic particles which are constantly floating in the air
when the dust is deposited or sprinkled in the ordinary manner.
I use a closed box with a slit or narrow opening in each end, through which the
calico or other woven fabric passes into the said box at one end and out of it at the
other. The fabric upon which the design has been printed in adhesive medium, as
before mentioned, is first conducted by guide rollers under a box or trough in
which the gold or other dust or powder is placed, the lower side of the said box or
trough being provided with a sieve of fine wire cloth. The box or trough is
carried by a lever at each end, or it may rest on steel springs or otherwise, and a
vibrating motion is given thereto by means of projections upon one of the
rollers acting against the free ends of the levers or springs, and this shaking of
the trough distributes the dust or powder onto the surface of the cloth as it passes
beneath it.
The cloth is then carried by other guide rollers past a revolving beater which
acts against the back of the cloth, and throws off the surface all the loose dust or
powder which does not adhere to the varnish. The cloth then passes over a brush
which cleans the dust or powder off the back of the same.
In the bottom of the box is a sliding drawer for removing the superflous dust or
powder as it accumulates in the box, and which may be used over again.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOSING APPARATUS OR FASTENERS FOR STUDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th November 1880.
A communication from George Thomas Fischer, of Stuttgart, Germany.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt and
G. W. v. Nawrocki, of 124, Leipziger Strasse, Berlin, Germany, Patent Solicitor.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOSING APPARATUS OR FASTENERS FOR STUDS." A commu-
nication from George Thomas Fischer, of Stuttgart, Germany.
My Invention relates to improvements in the closing apparatus or fasteners for
studs, and consists in connecting the stud or front plate to one half of the circular
back plate or fastener by a rivet, round which revolves an oval shaft carrying the
other half of the back plate or fastener. The oval shaft with the second half of
the back plate or fastener is adjustable lengthwise on the rivet of the stud or front
plate from which it is pushed by a flat or other spring. The meeting edges of the
two halves of the back plate or fastener are bevilled or otherwise shaped, so that
when turned into a full circle the two halves are level and cannot be turned further
in that direction, but when turned back again, the oval shaft half of the back plate
slips under the other half and covers it. By means of pins or projections on the
oval shaft and spring respectively coming in contact with each other the turning
half of the back plate or fastener is prevented from turning in one direction to a
greater extent than 180°. To fix this stud the two balves of the back plate or
fastener being over one another or in the form of a semicircle, this is put through
the button hole of the cuff and the stud or front plate being turned to the right,
one half of the back plate is moved away from the other half so as to form with
it a full circle, and the stud is thereby closed. To remove the stud the front plate
is turned to the left, by which the halves are again closed over one another.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS VOIL MINCING FOOD
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Kennedy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1880.
JAMES KENNEDY, of Strabane, in the County of Tyrone, Ireland, Shirt
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS VOIL
MINCING FOOD."
The object of my Invention is to arrange an apparatus for the more effectual
mincing and mixing of flesh and other materials used in the preparation of
domestic food.
I accomplish my object in the following manner :-
I form a circular frame which is supported by suitable stands or legs. In the
inside diameter of this circular frame I inount the circumference or rim of a toothed
bevel wheel, which rests upon a series of anti friction pullies that are fitted in
grooves formed in the bottom portion of the aforesaid circular frame. Above the
said frame I mount a shaft having a pinion fitted thereon that gears into the before
mentioned wheel. On the said shaft I also secure one or more knives, arranged
in such a manner that one portion of the cutting part of each knive is circular,
and the other part may be curved or straight radiating to the centre.
In the legs or stands supporting the circular frame I form slides, in which is
fitted a cross bar that is capable of being raised or lowered by suitable gearing.
In the centre of this bar and centrally with the circular frame I place a dish, upon
which rests a circular bowl, the bottom of which is curved to a radius slightly
larger than the radius of the before mentioned knife or knives. This bowl is
raised into contact with the rim of the bevel wheel and is secured thereto; the
Alesh and other ingredients are then put into the bowl, and partly covered by
movable lids secured in position by any simple arrangement. The other portion
not covered by movable lids is fitted with a reciprocating lid that is actuated by a
tappet secured to the before named shaft, and acting upon a lever attached to the
said lid; or in place of the reciprocating lid I can apply one or more adjustable
rollers placed inside the bowl for the purpose of compressing the ingredients
therein.
On turning the before mentioned shaft, the knife or knives revolve and cut the
ingredients in the bowl; the bowl revolves also, but at a much slowor rate of speed,
and the reciprocating lid actuated in the manner described is continually pressing
down and consolidating the ingredients before coming to the knife or knives, at
each revolution of which pass through and cut the contents in the bowl; thus it is
thoroughly minced or cut fine, and mixed in a short space of time ready for cooking.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RING SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES
Year: 1880

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Lees at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th January 1880.
ROBERT LEES, Spindle Maker, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RING SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES."
My Invention consists of the employment of a tube revolving by means of
the wharve ordinarily used on a dead spindle fixed in the bolster rail. The
bottom of the tube revolves in an oil chamber, and by means of an aperture in
the tube the oil rises to the top of the tube.
At the top of the dead spindle a hole is drilled for the reception of a brass
or other footstep, on which the tube rests and revolves; or on the top of the
dead spindle a centre is turned to fit a step in the top of the revolving tube; there
is also another bearing inside the bottom of the tube. The bobbin is placed on
the revolving tube, and three-fourths of the bobbin is below the top bearing,
thus preventing vibration.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA RUBBER PRODUCTS, HEVEENOLD INCLUDED."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Gerner at the Office of tho
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th June 1880.
HENRY GERNER, of the City, County, and State of New York, United States of
America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA RUBBER PRODUCTS,
HEVEENOLD INCLUDED."
The present Invention relates to an improved process having for its design the
cheapening and enlarging the field of utility and enhancing the merits of vulcanized
india rubber products. The Invention consists, first, in the process of mixing, in
proportions productive of either hard, semi-hard, or soft materials, india rubber,
camphor, and sulphur together with the flours of such agricultural germs, fruits,
grains, and seeds as contain sulphur, such as wheat, rye, barloy, oats, corn, flax,
mustard, &c., and then properly vulcanizing the. mixture; second, the process of
mixing, in proportions productivo of either hard, semi-hard, or soft materials, india
rubber, camphor, and sulphur together with the flours of such agricultural germs,
fruits, grains, and seeds as do not contain any sulphur, such as rice, hemp, poppy,
lentils, clover, &c., chestnuts, acorns, and other nuts, and then properly vulcanizing
the mixture; third, the process of mixing, in proportions productive of either hard,
semi hard, or soft materials, india rubber and sulphur together with the flours of
such agricultural germs, fruits, grains, and seeds as have been herein before
mentioned, whether containing sulphur or not, and then properly vulcanizing the
mixture. When one or several of all the said flours are used together with india
rubber, camphor, and sulphur in proportions productive of a hard material, being
combined together just like any other ingredients would be in the common
heveenoid process, the mixture or compound is vulcanized by heat ranging as high
as 312°-320° F., to insuro proper vulcanization during a period of from four to six
hours. This heat should bo arrived at gradually during, say, half of the time, and
maintained at the maximum point during the other half to get the best results.
When one or several of all of the said flours are used together with india rubber,
camphor, and sulphur in proportions productive of a soft material, the compound
after the proper incorporation of its ingredients is subjected to a heat for the
purpose of proper vulcanization, up to 300°-320° F., according to the quality
required. Under the term india rubber I mean to include at the same time all
gums which are analogous to the same, also under the term sulphur I include both
sulphur alone or sulphur in any of its chemical combinations, and under the term
camphor I mean camphor both natural and artificial, and such gums and resins as
are analogous to it.
OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING BARS OF IRON AND STEEL FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF KNEES FOR RAILWAY WAGONS, TRUCKS, AND CARRIAGES, WHICH NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY MAY ALSO BE EMPLOYED FOR ROLLING BARS OF IRON AND STEEL FOR THE MANU- FACTURE OF HINGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jabez Lones, and Charles Vernon,
and Edward Holden, and Ralph Bennett at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents on the 16th July 1880.
JABEZ LONES, and CHARLES VERNON, and EDWARD HOLDEN, and RALPH BENNETT,
trading as Lones, Vernon, and Holden, of Sandwell Iron Works, Smethwick, in the
County of Stafford, Manufacturers. NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING
BARS OF IRON AND STEEL FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF KNEES FOR RAILWAY
WAGONS, TRUCKS, AND CARRIAGES, WHICH NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY MAY
ALSO BE EMPLOYED FOR ROLLING BARS OF IRON AND STEEL FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF HINGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Our Invention has reference principally to the manufacture of knees for railway
wagons, trucks, and carriages, but the new or improved rolling machinery
constituting our Invention may also be employed for rolling taper bars for the
manufacture of hinges and for other purposes.
We will describe our Invention in connection with the rolling of bars to be
manufactured into knces for railway wagons, trucks, and carriages..
Our said new or improved machinery consists essentially of a pair of rolls, the
bottom one of which is cylindrical. The top one has in cross section nearly the
figure of an involute curve. The said curve is not continued through the whole
circumference of the roll, but stops short at about two thirds of its circumference,
the remaining portion of the circumference being concentric with the axis. At the
junction of that part of the acting surface of the roll of smallest diameter with that
of greatest diameter is a shoulder of a height equal to the difference of the diameters
of the two parts. The top roll has cylindrical flanges which take into corresponding
grooves in the bottom roll. The position of the rolls may be reversed, and the
flanges may be on the bottom roll, and the grooves in which they take in the top
roll. At the exit side of the rolls is a guide for receiving the bar as it passes from
between the rolls. When the bottom roll is cylindrical this guide is fixed, but
when the roll of varying radius is the bottom roll, the guide turns upon a centre,
and is so weighted that it constantly presses upon the roll, following the changing
diameter of the roll by turning upon its centre.

page_text: Heated bars of iron or steel being passed through the rolls, the said bars on
delivery from the rolls have the figure of a series of taper bars joined end to end,
that end of each bar of greatest depth having about one third of its length of
uniform depth. The said bars being divided cross wise at the points where the
parts of greatest diameter join those of least diameter, the, detached portions 5
have the figure suitable for the manufacture of the said knees, the said detached
portions only requiring to bo bent at right angles at the points where the parts of
uniform depth join the tapering parts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS FOR THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF CARBON, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl von Buch at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1880.
CARL VON BUCH, of Christ Church College, Oxford, Fellow of the Chemical
Society. "IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS FOR THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF CARBON,
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
My Invention relates to the obtaining of carbon in a crystalline condition from
certain of its compounds, and to apparatus for the purpose.
I carry out my Invention in either one of the following modes:-
1st. By the decomposition of the carbon compounds by means of a continuous
electric current.
The manner in which I effect this is as follows:-
I take a tube of glass or other suitable substance and of convenient dimensions,
say about 2 to 3 feet long, by 1½ inches in diameter, closed at one end, and the
other drawn out into a neck. Through the thicker part I pass two electrodes of
platinum or other suitable substance brought in sufficient proximity one to the other
so as to effect a continuous silent discharge. In the neck I fit two stop cocks,
through which I first exhaust the tube of air. The tube having been exhausted is
filled with vapour of bisulphide of carbon or other analagous carbon compound up to
a considerable pressure. This vapour may be filled into the tube during the
operation by opening the outer cock and filling the neck, then closing it again and
allowing the vapour to enter the tube through the inner cock. The tube being
filled with the vapour under pressure, the electrodes are connected to the battery,
which must be a continuous one (such as those of Leclanche or Fuller), and a steady
current passed through for some two weeks or longer if needful. Heat being applied
to the exterior, and more vapour being forced in from time to time as described,
transparent crystals are deposited, which when burnt with oxygen form di-oxide
of carbon (CO), thus proving themselves to have been pure carbon. The particular
form of the apparatus may be varied to suit any exigencies of circumstance.
2nd. I obtain my result as follows :-
=
In a fire-clay or platinum crucible I heat together fluoride of aluminium or other
similar fluoride with carbonate of ammonia, or other similar and suitable carbon
compound, or with amorphous carbon, the temperature being maintained at an
excessive height during a lengthened period. The excessive heat enables the fluorine
to decompose from its compound, and to seize upon the carbon of the carbon
compound, acting as a carrier to it, and re-depositing it in the form of crystalline
carbon.