IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MURIATIC AND OTHER ACIDS, AND IN THE CONDENSATION AND PURIFICATION OF NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND VADOURS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Steward Hazlehurst, of Runcorn, in the County of
Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MURIATIC AND OTHER ACIDS, AND IN THE
CONDENSATION AND PURIFICATION OF NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND
VADOURS"
Sealed the 2nd April 1880, and dated the 18th October 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Steward Hazlehurst
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1879.
GEORGE STEWARD HAZLEHURST, of Runcorn, in the County of Chester.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE of
MURIATIC AND OTHER ACIDS, AND IN THE CONDENSATION AND PURIFICATION OF
NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND VAPOURS."
My Invention has for its object the condensation into liquor of the maximum
amount of gas, such for example as muriatic acid gas, in the manufacture of muriatic
acid, and the condensation or absorption of the noxious and other gases and vapours
generated and given off during the process of manufacture of muriatic and other
acids, and my Invention is also adaptable to the purification of incondensable
gases.
An apparatus constructed according to my Invention consists of a vertical tube
or tubes, or vessel or vessels, of small diameter, which I place over the liquor
receiver. Over the tube or vessels I place a gas receiver, which also serves as a
supply cistern for water, which is allowed to trickle through the vertical pipe or
pipes or vessels, and meet an ascending stream or streams of gas which is led from
a generator to and up the vertical pipe or pipes or vessels. The pipe or pipes or
vessels are filled with a baffling medium, such as open space brick work; this baffling
medium causes the downflowing water and upflowing gas to intermingle, the gas
being condensed into the water and forming liquor. The fumes of gas which escape
condensation I lead from the receiver through a downpipe, and then through a
sloping range for some distance, and discharge by a steam jet ejector into a vertical
11

page_text: .pipe of some twelve inches in diameter and of any required length, closely packed
with coke, down which there is allowed to trickle a stream of water which meets
the ascending fumes or waste gas and vapour. This second liquor is drawn off
from the bottom of the verticle pipe.
The main features of novelty of Invention are,-
my
First. The vertical pipe or pipes or vessels of such small diameter packed with
a baffling medium, such as open spaced brickwork, in which the gas and water
mingle.
Second. The leading of the waste gases, fumes, or vapours through a pipe with a
steam ejector, or equivalent forcing medium, to an uptake pipe of such of small
diameter packed with coke, through which a stream of water trickles.
My Invention is applicable to the manufacture of muriatic, sulphuric, and other
acids, and to the condensation of their noxious and other gases and vapours, and to
the condensation of noxious gases generated otherwise than by the manufacture of
muriatic, sulphuric, or other acids, and it is also applicable to the purification of
incondensable gases.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Steward Hazlehurst in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th April 1880.
"
GEORGE STEWARD HAZLEHURST, of Runcorn, in the County of Chester.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFacture of
MURIATIC AND OTHER ACIDS, AND IN THE CONDENSATION AND PURIFICATION OF
NOXIOUS AND OTHER GASES AND VAPOURS."
My Invention has for its object the condensation into liquor of the maximum
amount of gas, such for example as muriatic acid gas, in the manufacture of muriatic
acid, and the condensation or absorption of the noxious and other gases and vapours
generated and given off during the process of manufacture of muriatic and other
acids, and my Invention is also adaptable to the purification of incondensable
gases.
An apparatus constructed according to my Invention consists of a vertical tube
or tubes of small diameter, which I place over a cistern. At the top of the tube I
place a water or acid supply, which is allowed to trickle or pour through the vertical
tube or tubes, and meet an ascending stream of gas which is led from a generator.
The pipe or pipes are filled with a baffling medium, such as open space brickwork;
this baffling medium causes the downflowing water and upflowing gas to inter-
mingle, the gas being condensed into the water and forming acid liquor. The fumes
of gas which escape condensation I lead through a down pipe, and then through a
sloping range for some distance, and discharge by a steam jet ejector, capable of
exerting at least eighteen inches of back pressure, into a long range of six inch
pipes, and eventually into a pipe of some eighteen inches in diameter and of any
required length, closely packed with coke, down which there is allowed to trickle
or pour a stream of water which meets the ascending fumes or waste gas and vapour.
This second liquor is drawn off from the bottom of the vertical pipe.
The main features of novelty of my Invention are,-
First. The vertical pipe or pipes of such small diameter packed with a baffling
medium, such as open spaced brickwork, in which the gas and water mingle.
Second. The forcing of waste gases, fumes, or vapours through a pipe by means
of a steam ejector, or equivalent forcing medium, to an uptake pipe of such small
diameter packed with coke, through which a stream of water trickles.
My Invention is applicable to the manufacture of muriatic, sulphuric, and other
acids, and to the condensation of their noxious and other gases and vapours, and to
the condensation of noxious gases generated otherwise than by the manufacture of
muriatic, sulphuric, or other acids, and it is also applicable to the purification of
incondensable gases.
I do not bind myself to use the materials, such as open space brickwork and coke,
for condensing; each gas may be dealt with as required.
The foregoing being the nature, object, and purposes of my Invention, I will now
proceed to describe more in detail how the same may be carried out into practical
effect, and for that purpose I have hereunto attached two Sheets of Drawings illus-
trative of an apparatus such as is suitable for performing my Invention. The
Drawings are marked with letters and figures of reference corresponding with those
in the following explanation, and like letters and figures are used to denote like
parts throughout the various views.
Figure 1 is a front elevation illustrative of the general arrangement of an apparatus
constructed according to my Invention.
Figure 2 is a side view of a portion of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a plan of Figure 1.
Figures 4 and 5 are sectional details of the condensing pipes or vessels.
יז
Tenantion

page_text: Upon reference to the Drawings it will be seen that the apparatus shown consists
of four vertical tubes or vessels A, which are placed over the liquor receiver or tank
A. The upper ends of the tubes A open into a gas receiver B. Water or acid is
fed through the pipe B¹ and the traps B", and is allowed to trickle or pour through
the pipes A and meet ascending streams of gas from a generator. The pipes A are
filled with a baffling medium, such as open space brickwork D, or tiles pickled in
sulphur and pitch (see Figures 4 and 5). This baffling medium D causes the down
flowing water and the upflowing gas in the pipes A to intermingle, the gas being
condensed and forming acid liquor, which is received into the receiver or tank A³.
The fumes of gas which escape condensation and find their way into the receiver or
cistern B are led from thence through the down pipe E, and then through a sloping
pipe range F for some distance, and discharged by a steam jet ejector H into a range
of pipes J, and from thence through a long range of six inch pipes J', and eventually
into a vertical pipe of some eighteen inches in diameter K, which may be of any
required length and is closely packed with coke, and down this pipe there is allowed
to trickle or pour a stream of water from the water pipe L, which water meets the
ascending fumes or waste gas and vapour. This liquor is drawn off from the bottom
of the vertical pipe K, which is trapped at N. The condensed steam and liquor that
may collect in the range of pipes J, J', is drawn off through the pipes a.
Having now described and ascertained the nature, object, and purposes of my
Invention, and shown how the same may be carried out into practical effect, what I
claim as my Invention is,―
First. Arranging and constructing a vertical pipe or pipes of such small diameter,
packed with a baffling medium, such as open space brickwork, in which the gas and
water mingle, the liquor descending into a receptacle and the incondensed gas
passing on for further treatment, as herein set forth and illustrated.
Second. Leading of the waste gases, fumes, or vapours from the vertical pipe,
such as A, through pipes provided with a steam ejector, or equivalent forcing
medium, to an uptake pipe of small diameter packed with coke, through which a
stream of water trickles, as herein described, set forth, and illustrated.
Third. The improved system of condensing and purifying noxious and other gases
and vapours by leading such gases or vapours through a small vertical pipe or pipes
fitted with a baffling medium and met with a stream of water, and the uncondensed
gases or fumes being further treated by being driven through an ascending. small
pipe filled with coke, through which a further stream of water trickles or pours, as
herein before described, set forth, and illustrated.
Fourth. The general arrangement of parts, as herein before described, set forth,
and illustrated, constituting an apparatus for condensing and purifying noxious and
other gases and vapours.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Steward Hazlehurst, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
GEORGE STEWARD HAZLEHURST. (L.S.)