Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Tanks, Cylinders, Drums, and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 25th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Tanks, Cylinders, Drums,
and the like.
I, GEORGE ROSE, of 105 Bishop Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to metal tanks for holding oil or water, cylinders, drums,
kegs, small boilers, for ranges and such like, and it has for its object to make these
articles in an improved manner.
In carrying out my invention I make the body of the vessel, preferably, of steel.
The ends of the body are dished or expanded to receive the ends, which are
preferably of malleable cast iron or cast steel, or they may be sheet metal stamped
The
out to the required form. The ends may be either concaved or convexed.
dished or flanged rims of the body are swaged hammered or pressed over the ends.
The sheet metal body is joined at the seam by one part being made to bend and
overlap the other and then hammered or pressed down.
The ends are or may be flanged, inwardly if so desired.
Instead of the metal body being dished, as herein before described, it be
may
The body may
made with a groove at each end against which the end plates rest.
be then flanged over, so as to keep the plates in position. In the case of oil drums,
a ring may be shrunk on the grooves.
A few rivets may, if desired, be inserted down the seam of the body.
The cylinder body may be made with a ring at the top and bottom, rivetted in
place, for the ends to rest on.
The cylinders may have a cleaning plug at the bottom.
The tanks, cylinders, drums etc. are thoroughly galvanized to ensure tightness.
The sheet metal body may be machine pressed into grooves, cast or turned in the
ends to give an additional security against leakage.
In the case of kegs or magazines for gunpowder or other explosives, a small
man-hole or hand-hole door may be fitted in the top and secured by bolts or studs. To
ensure a comparatively frictionless and air and water-tight joint, a rubber or equiva-
lent ring or washer may be inserted in a recess or groove, made either in the door
or top. A web may be made either in the door or top to press on the rubber or
equivalent.
Dated this 24th day of November 1891
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Tanks, Cylinders, Drums
and the like.
I, GEORGE ROSE, of 105 Bishop Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to metal tanks for holding oil or water, cylinders, drums,
kegs, small boilers for ranges, and such like, and it has for its object to make these
articles in an improved manner.
In carrying out my invention,, I make the body of the vessel, preferably, of sheet
steel. The ends of the body are dished or expanded to receive the ends, which are
preferably of cast iron malleable cast or cast steel, or they may be of sheet metal
stamped out to the required form. The ends may be cither concaved or convexed.
Prins 1

page_text: The dished or flanged rims of the body are swaged hammered or pressed over the
ends..
The sheet metal body is joined at the seam by one part being made to bend and
overlap the other and then hammered or pressed down."
The ends are or may be flanged inwardly if so desired.
Instead of the metal body being dished, as hereinbefore described, it may be
made with a groove at each end against which the end plates rest.
The body may
be then flanged over, so as to keep the plates in position. In the case of oil drums,
a metal ring may be shrunk on the grooves.
A few rivets may, if desired be inserted down the seam of the body.
The cylinder body may be made with a ring at the top and bottom, rivetted in
place, for the ends to rest on.
The cylinders may have a cleaning plug at the bottom.
The tanks, cylinders, drums etc. are or may be thoroughly galvanized to ensure
tightness.
The sheet metal body may be machine pressed into grooves cast or turned in the
ends to give an additional security against leakage.
5
1
1
In the case of kegs or magazines for gunpowder or other explosives or for large
tanks a man-hole or hand-hole door may be fitted in the top and secured by bolts
or studs. To ensure a comparatively frictionless and air and water-tight joint, a 2
rubber or equivalent ring or washer may be inserted in a recess or groove, made
either in the door or top. A web may be made either in the door or top to press
on the rubber or equivalent.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I have here-
unto appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon :-
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of one form of a tank or drum.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of another form of tank.
Fig. 3 is a part section of an oil drum, showing the method of securing the ends.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a tank, made with a division in the centre.
Fig. 5 is a part section of a keg for gunpowder or the like.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section of another form of tank or drum.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of an oil can or keg.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a tank with square ends.
Fig. 9 shows a view of a back boiler for cooking ranges.
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a foot warmer for railway carriages.
On the drawings, the same reference letters, wherever repeated, indicate similar
or like parts.
Referring to the drawings
--
3
The tanks or drums, Figs. 1 and 2, are formed with a body a of sheet metal,
preferably sheet steel, which is first bent into the cylindrical form, and the meeting 4
edges of the sheet, are then joined tight together, by the one edge being bent over
or made to overlap the other. The seam or join, thus formed, is hammered by
hand, or pressed down by machinery, until the joint is perfectly tight. The
rims b, c, of the body are then expanded out or flared in the manner shown in
dotted lines at b, for the reception of the ends d, e, which are made slightly larger 4
in diameter than the body. The ends, which are made of cast iron, malleable cast
iron or cast steel, or they may be made of sheet metal stamped out to the required
form, are forced in place by hammering, by a screw press or by hydraulic
machinery. When the ends are driven in sufficiently far, the flanged rims b, c, are
hammered or swaged or pressed over the ends by machinery, as shown.
The ends d, e, are made, by preference, with a rim or flange, the top end d having
its flange d' on the inside, whilst the bottom e has its flange e¹ on the outside.
These Hanges are, preferably, inclined or tapered, as shown at Fig. 1, for the
purpose of enabling them to be more easily forced into the ends of the cylindrical
body a.
When fitting in the bottom, fit is advisable to bend the metal e right over the
flange e', as shown.
5
5

page_text: In some cases, as an additional security, a bolt or stud f, (see dotted lines), may be
used to brace the ends together, and thereby hold them firmly in place.
In Fig. 3, the end dis shown as made with two circumferential grooves g, h.
With this construction, after the metal body is bent over the ends, the tank or
drum is placed in a machine, and the metal of the body is pressed into the
grooves g, h, so as to grip the ends tightly, and give an additional security against
leakage. If desired, a metal ring may be shrunk on over one of the grooves.
In Fig. 4, the tank or drum is made with a division j, which may be made with
grooves g, h, in a similar manner to the end d, Fig. 3, and into which the metal of
the body is machine pressed, so as to hold the division in place. The ends d, e, are,
in this case, held in place by the bending over of the metal body at b and c, and by
rings, rivetted to the body. The ends rest on the rings 1. k is a cleaning plug.
In Fig. 5, the keg is made with a hand hole door m, which is secured in its end d.
To ensure a comparatively frictionless and air and water tight joint, a rubber or
equivalent washer n is inserted in a groove o, made in the top end d. A tapered
ring or web p is made on the door m, and this ring enters the groove, and bears
tightly against the rubber n, when the door is secured in place by the studs In
the case of a magazine, the man hole door is secured in a similar manner to the
hand hole door m.
In Fig. 6, a tank is shown, having beadings or grooves r, s, made, by machinery,
in the metal body a. The ends rest against these grooves or beadings. The ends
are shown, in this case, as braced together by a bolt f.
The oil can, Fig. 7, is made in a similar manner to the tanks Figs. 1 and 2, the
cast metal ends d, e, being secured tightly in place by first pressing or hammering
them into position, and swaging or turning over the metal body a to secure the ends
tightly in place.
Fig. 8 is an oblong tank, having a sheet metal body and cast iron ends. The
sides may be stayed, as shown in dotted lines at t.
The boiler and foot warmer shown at Figs. 9 and 10, are all made of sheet
metal bodies, with cast metal ends, the ends being secured in place by bending or
swaging over the metal of the body.
The tanks etc. are preferably galvanized to ensure perfect tightness.
Tanks, cylinders, drums and such like, constructed in the manner herein before
described, can be manufactured at a greatly reduced cost, as compared with rivetted
tanks, and they are much more reliable.
As the invention can be applied to a number of other articles besides those shown,
it is to be understood that I do not confine myself to such constructions as are
shown on the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is: 11
1. A tank, drum, cylinder and such like, made with a sheet metal body, and
rigid, cast or stamped ends, the ends being of larger diameter than the body, and
forced in place by a machine, or by hand, and the body being then swaged,
hammered or pressed over the ends, substantially as herein before set forth.
2. The combination with the improved tank, drum, cylinder or the like, of a
top d, made substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with reference to Fig. 5 of the
drawings annexed.
Dated this 24th day of August 1800
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.