IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER BAG MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER BAG
MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Edward Stanley, of New
York City, United States of America, Manufacturer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st May 1879.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PAPER BAG MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Edward
Stanley, of New York City, United States of America, Manufacturer.
The Invention relates, first, to the cutting mechanism for paper bag machines,
and consists in the combination of two rollers which are geared together and work
neatly in contact with each other with a knife working in a slot in one of said
rollers, a groove formed in the other roller to receive the cutting edge of the knife,
and mechanism for imparting to the knife a reciprocating motion, either the knife
or the roller being of irregular form, so that the web in passing between the cutting
rollers is cut up in a series of blanks for paper bags. Also in the combination with
the cutting rollers and with the knife fitted into one of said rollers of crimping
collars for the purpose of crimping the web when passing between the cutting
rollers and for producing a cut of the required shape, which crimping collars may
be secured to one of the cutting rollers and made adjustable for bags of various
sizes by means of set screws or otherwise. Also in the combination of the paste-
box in a paper bag machine with mechanism for imparting to the same a recipro-
cating motion in a plane parallel to the bed over which the partly folded blanks
are moved, said paste box being provided with a creasing knife for producing a
crease in the partially folded blank, after which the paste is applied by means of a
paste roller attached to the paste box, and receiving a partial revolving motion
by a ratchet wheel mounted on the shaft of said roller, or by any other suitable
device. Subsequently the blank passes between the pressing rollers so as to turn
down the closing flap and to finish the bag.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th November 1879.
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HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PAPER BAG MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Edward
Stanley, of New York, United States of America, Manufacturer.
This Invention consists in the combination in a cutting mechanism for a paper
bag machine of two rollers which are geared together and work nearly in contact
with each other, a knife working in a slot in one of said rollers, a groove formed in
the other roller to receive the cutting edge of the knife, and mechanism for imparting
to the knife a reciprocating motion, either the knife or the rollers being of irregular
form, so that the web is passing through between the cutting rollers is cut up in a
series of blanks for paper bags without any waste. Also in the combination with
the cutting rollers and with the knife fitted into one of said rollers of crimping
collars for the purpose of producing a cut of the required shape. Also the combina-
tion with the cutting rollers and with the knife fitted into one of said rollers of
crimping collars which can be adjusted for bags of different sizes. Further, in the
combination with the paste box of mechanism for imparting to the same a recipro-
cating motion in a plane parallel to the bed which supports the blanks, so that by
the motion of the box the paste is properly applied and distributed on the desired
spot. Also in the combination with the reciprocating paste box of a creasing knife
which strikes and creases the partially folded blanks by the motion of the paste
box.
is a
This Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1
represents a longitudinal vertical section of the paper bag machine; Fig.
transverse section in the plane x, x, Fig. 1; Fig. 3. is an end view of the cutting
rollers; Fig. 4 is a sectional front view of the same; Fig. 5 shows the web
after the same has been exposed to the action of the cutting mechanism; Fig. 6
shows a blank for bag ready to be folded; Fig. 7 shows the same when partially
folded. Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.
In the Drawing the letter A designates the frame which supports the working
parts of the machine. On this frame is formed a platform B, over which the web i
drawn by the action of the feed rollers C, C, said web being taken from a roll D
and passed over a guide roller E in the manner usually practised in paper bag
machines. After having passed the platform B the web is carried through between
the rollers F, F1, which extend transversely across the entire width of the platform B,
and which are geared together by cog wheels a, a, (Fig. 4,) so that they revolve
with the same velocity and nearly in contact with each other, motion being
imparted to the lower roller F¹ from the driving shaft G by suitable gearing. The
bearing of the upper roller F is made adjustable, so that said roller can be readily
brought in the proper relation towards the lower roller so as not to bind the paper.
The diameter of the rollers F, F¹ is such that the circumference of said rollers is
greater than the length of the paper to be cut for the largest bag made on the
machine, causing the surface of the rollers to move faster than the paper being fed
in, and thereby any wrinkles or folds that may be in the paper will be straightened
out while the paper is being cut, and the edge of the paper after it is cut is pre-
vented from catching on the rolls or any parts attached to the same.
The upper roller F is provided with a slot b which receives and guides the
knife K, said slot being in an oblique position, as shown in Fig. 3. The knife
extends throughout the entire length of the roller F, and on this roller are secured
two collars c, d, (Fig. 4) which are movable and provided with one or more set
screws e for adjusting them in the required position. The outer shoulder. f of the
collar c is bevelled off and works against a correspondingly bevelled shoulder f¹ of

page_text: a collar c¹, which is adjustable on the lower roller F¹ by one or more set screws e¹.
This roller is further provided with another adjustable collar d' which is secured in
position by one or more set screws et, and the inner bevelled shoulder g' of which
is set to work in contact with the outer bevelled shoulder g of the collar d of the
upper roller F, as shown in Fig. 4. The distance between the shoulders ƒ and g is
adjusted to correspond to the length of the closing flap h (Fig. 6) of the bag to be
produced, and by adjusting the collars c, d, c, d, the machine is set for bags of
different sizes. As the web passes through between the rollers F, F¹, it is crimped
by the action of the collars c, d, c, d, and while it is held in this crimped position
the knife acts thereor and separates a blank from the web, and on account of the
oblique position of said knife the cut produces a curved edge, as shown in Figures
5 and 6. The reciprocating motion of the knife is produced by a bell crank
lever a², 62, (Fig. 3), which has its fulcrum on a pivot c² and the arm 62 of which is
pivoted to the knife, while the arm a² acts against a roller stud d² so as to throw
the knife out. A spring e has a tendency to draw the knife back. In order to
permit the knife to cut through the web the lower roller F¹ is provided with a
recess ȧ to receive the cutting edge of the knife and to prevent the same from being
injured by coming in contact with the metallic body of the lower roller.
.In the example shown in the Drawing the knife has a straight cutting edge, and
the requisite curvature of the cut is produced by the action of the crimping collars
on the rollers F, F, but if desired the knife inay be bent to correspond to the
desired curvature of the cut, and in this case the crimping collars on the rollers
become superfluous. The blanks after having been cut from the web are received
by an endless apron or belt L and exposed to the action of the folders M, the
construction of which parts is the same as in ordinary paper bag machines and
requires no further description. By the action of the folders the side flaps n, n, of
the blank N (Fig. 6), are folded inward to the position shown in Fig. 7, and thus
folded the blank is exposed to the action of the creasing knife o and of the paste
roller p, which parts are attached to the paste box O. This box is hung on
gudgeons q, q, (Fig. 2) which extend into guide grooves in the standards 7, 7, which
rise from the frame A. Over said box is situated a rock shaft s which carries two
arms t, t, provided with oblong slots (Fig. 1) which catch over the gudgeons q, q.
From the end of the rock shaft s extends a slotted lever u which engages with a
crank v mounted on a shaft w to which a revolving motion is imparted from the
mainshaft of the machine. By this arrangement a reciprocating motion is imparted
to the paste box in a plane parallel to the surface of the bed over which the partly
folded blanks are moved, and when the box moves forward the paste roller p
receives a partial revolving motion by the action of a stationary finger p° against
a ratchet wheel which is mounted on the shaft of said roller, and the paste is
applied to the partially folded blank between the lines 8-8 and 9-9 in Fig. 7.
Before the paste is applied however the creasing knife o is depressed upon an elastic
cushion formed in the periphery of a roller w* mounted on the shaft w, and a
crease is produced in the partially folded blank along the line 9-9, Fig. 7. By
the action of the creasing knife that portion of the blank beyond the line 9-9
including the closing flap is turned up, and after the paste has been applied the
blank passes through between suitable pressing rollers so as to turn down the
closing flap and to finish the bag. In order to permit the blanks to pass freely
between the paste box and the roller w* this roller is made with a projection w°
which supports the blanks during the operations of creasing and pasting, and
releasing the same after these operations have been accomplished. By this arrange-
ment one is enabled to cut up the web into blanks for paper bags without producing
a particle of waste, and the cost of the manufacture of such bags is materially
reduced.
CLAIMS.
1. The combination in a cutting mechanism for paper bag machines of two
rollers, which are geared together and work nearly in contact with each other, a

page_text: to receive the cutting edge of the knife, and mechanism for imparting to the knife
a reciprocating motion, either the knife or the roller being of irregular form,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. The combination with the cutting rollers and with the knife fitted into one of
said rollers of crimping collars, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination with the cutting rollers and with the knife fitted into one of
said rollers of crimping collars, which can be adjusted for bags of different sizes,
substantially as described.
4. The combination with the paste box in a paper bag machine of mechanism for
imparting to the same a reciprocating motion in a plane parallel to the bed which
supports the blanks, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. The combination with the reciprocating paste box of a creasing knife which
strikes and creases the partially folded blauks by the motion of the paste box,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of November, A.D. 1879.