IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PINS AND NEEDLES, ALSO OF CARD AND HACKLE TEETH
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Walker and John Charles Walker, both of Leeds,
in the County of York, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PINS AND NEEDLES,
ALSO OF CARD AND HACKLE TEETH."
Sealed the 21st November 1876, and dated the 27th May 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Walker and John
Charles Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th
May 1876.
WILLIAM WALKER and JOHN CHARLES WALKER, both of Leeds, in the County of
York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PINS AND NEEDLES, ALSO OF CARD AND HACKLE TEETII."
Our Invention has reference to the grinding apparatus, also to the apparatus for
flattening and cutting off the pins or teeth to length.
We employ a parallel grindstone mounted in bearings which may be of ordinary
construction. The lengths of wires are traversed across the grindstone by means of
two or more screws running parallel therewith. The wires are dropped or fed from
a hopper into the threads of the screws, and on the screws being caused to revolve
cach revolution thereof the wires are passed forward the space of the pitch of the
screw, thus leaving space for another wire to be dropped or fed in at the feeding
point. In order to give the pressure to the wires, and to keep them down upon the
stone, we provide an adjustable roller which is entirely or partially covered with
india-rubber or other elastic substance, but when preferred an india-rubber belt
mounted on suitable pulleys may be caused to pass over the surface of the pins and
give the required pressure. The wires are not only kept down in the screws and
on the grindstone, but also as they traverse across the stone they are caused to
move round on their own axis, thus securing a rotary motion, whereby all the parts
required to be ground are acted upon equally.
In order to give the required shape of point to the wires we provide an adjustable
cam, which is mounted on an adjustable slide parallel with the screws and stone;
to this is given, when required, a variable reciprocating motion in order that the
wire ends as they travel across the surface of the cam are not always pressing
against it, thus avoiding the tendency of the wires to bend as they are moved

page_text: across the stone.
This cam is so placed that when a wire is fed into the screws the
opposite end to that which is to be pointed is touching it, and as the wires are
traversed across the stone they are pushed further over the grinding part thereof
by the cam. The cam is so formed that the wires are acted upon very slightly at
the end of the contemplated head of the pin or tooth, but more so towards the end,
so as to give the correct taper to the pins or teeth.
In order to give the correct feed from the hopper we provide an arrangement of
slides in connection with the bottom thereof, whereby only one wire is fed at a
time.
When the wires are required to be flattened after pointing they are traversed
past the end of the grindstone, and passed between dies whereby they are pressed
into the desired form, the required pressure being obtained from hydraulic or other
suitable power. Following these dies is provided a shearing apparatus for cutting
the pins or teeth to length.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Walker and John Charles Walker in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th November 1876.
WILLIAM WALKER and JOHN CHARLES WALKER, both of Leeds, in the County
of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PINS AND NEEDLES, ALSO OF CARD AND HACKLE TEETH."
Our Invention has reference to the grinding apparatus, also to the apparatus for
flattening and cutting off the pins or teeth to length.
We employ a parallel grindstone mounted in bearings which may be of ordinary
construction. The lengths of wires are traversed across the grindstone by means of
two or more screws running parallel therewith. The wires are dropped or fed from
a hopper into the threads of the screws, and on the screws being caused to revolve
each revolution thereof the wires aro passed forward the space of the pitch of the
scrow, thus leaving space for another wire to be dropped or fed in at the feeding
point. In order to give pressure to the wires, and to keep them down upon the
stone, we provide an adjustable roller, which is entirely or partially covered with
india-rubber or other clastic substance, but when preferred an india-rubber belt
mounted on suitable pulleys may be caused to pass over the surface of the pins, and
give the required pressure. The wires are not only kept down in the screws and
on the grindstone, but also as they traverse across the stone they are caused to move
round on their own axis, thus securing a rotary motion, whereby all the parts
required to be ground aro acted upon equally.
In order to give the required shape of the point to the wires we provide an
adjustable cam, which is mounted on an adjustable slide parallel with the screws
and stone; to this is given, when required, a variable reciprocating motion, in order
that the wire ends as they travel across the surface of the cam are not always
pressing against it, thus avoiding the tendency of the wires to bend as they aro
moved across the stone. This cam is so placed that when a wire is fed into the
screws the opposite end to that which is to be pointed is touching it, and as the
wires are traversed across the stone they are pushed further over the grinding part
thereof by the cam. The cam is so formed that the wires are acted upon very
slightly at the end of the contemplated head of the pin or tooth, but more so towards
the end, so as to give the correct taper to the pins or teeth.
In order to give the correct feed from the hopper we provide an arrangement of
slides in connection with the bottom thereof, whereby only one wire is fed at a
time.
When the wires are required to be flattened after pointing they are traversed

page_text: Figure 1 represents a side elevation; Figure 2, an end elevation; Figure 3, a
transverse section through A, B, Figure 1; Figure 4, a part plan looking at the
top; Figures 5 and 6 are respectively a front and side elevation of pressure bar.
We employ a parallel grindstone a, which we mount in the adjustable bearings b
supported on the bracket c attached to the framework d. The bearings b for the
grindstone may be of ordinary construction, and may be raised or lowered to suit
the diameter of the stone by means of the adjusting screws 6', both bearings being
actuated at the same time through bevel gearing and shaft b. On the frame-
work d and above the grindstone a we provide one or more screws e; these are
carried across the stone a, as shown, and provided with bearings f on each of
the frame sides. Behind the screws e we provide another screw g, which is mounted
in suitable bearings on the adjustable brackets i, which is fitted so as to slide
freely on the bed J of the framework d. The distance between the screw gand
the screw e can be varied by means of the adjusting screw k, this adjustinent being
necessary to suit the various lengths of wire.
In order to give the required shape to the points of the pins, needles, and other
articles we provide a plate l, which is made adjustable, being attached to the
adjustable bracket i, and placed behind the screw g; this plate & may be cut to any
required form at m, and, as is shewn, the wires n retain their contact with the
shape m as they pass over the stone a, being conveyed across by means of the
screws e and g.
When required a variable reciprocating motion may be given to the plate / by a
cam or other equivalent means in order that the wire ends as they travel across the
surface of the cam are not always pressing against it, thus avoiding the tendency of
the wires to bend as they are moved across the stone. The required rotary motion
is transmitted to the screws e and g through driving pulley p, shaft q, spur gearing
2, and bevel gearing 8, from some suitable motive power, also motion is transmitted
to the grindstone a in the ordinary manner.
The wires are in the first instance placed in the hopper o, and allowed to pass on
to the traversing screws e and gone by one, and in order to do this we provide
the rods t and u, which are attached to adjustable screws and w, as shewn; the
projection of the rods t and u may be regulated as required. The screws and w
are attached to the carriers and y, both of which are fitted so as to slide freely on
the bracket attached to the framework d. An alternate intermittent reciprocating
motion is imparted to the rods t and u; the rod t is so regulated as to pass between
the lowest wire and those above it, whereby a single wire is thrown upon the lower
rod u; this in its turn moves back, and lets drop that wire on to the traversing
screws. This required intermittent reciprocating motion is imparted to the feed
rods through the slides and y from the double cam 1, and transmitted thereto by
means of the brackets 2 and 3.
20
In order to reduce or increase the opening 4 in the hopper o, through which the
wires pass on to the screws e and g, we provide a setting up arrangement of the
sides and back of the hopper o. This consists of the projecting parts 5 on the sides
of the hopper o, and the other projecting parts 6 on the front of the hopper o. By
means of the adjusting screws 7 these projecting parts may be either separated

page_text: further from each other or brought closer together, by which movements it will be
readily understood that the opening 4 may be increased or reduced at pleasure to
suit the various thicknesses of wire; and in order to suit the lengths of wires the
length of the hopper o may be reduced by a suitable block or partition placed
within; also the number of feed rods may be increased in accordance with the
lengths of the wires.
In order to give the required pressure to the wires on the grindstone a we
provide the adjustable roller 8, which may be covered entirely or partially with
india-rubber or other clastic substance, but when preferred an india-rubber belt
mounted on suitable pulleys may be caused to pass over the pins, needles, or other
articles, and give the required pressure; and as an additional safeguard, in addition
to the roller 8 to prevent the rising of the wires during the grinding operation, we
provide a pressure bar 9, which may be covered with india-rubber or other elastic
substance. This pressure bar 9 is attached to the spindles 10, carried by the
bracket 11, which we attach, when preferred, to the cross piece 12 in front of the
roller 8. In order not to put too much pressure on the wires with this bar 9 we
provide on the spindle 10 the spiral spring 13, the power of which is regulated by
the nut 14 and the lift of the bar 9, regulated by the nuts 15.
After the wires have been properly ground they are passed off the stone a to
the shears 10, which may consist of the cam-shaped revolving cutter 16 and the
flat cutter 17 working in combination with the rotary cutter 10.
The rotary
cutter is by preference made of the cam shape, as shewn, which has the effect of
drawing the wires between it and the cutter 17. Motion is transmitted to the
rotary cutter through gearing 18. The speed of these shears are regulated in
accordance with that of the screws, so that it cuts to length one wire every revo-
lution of the screw. The length of the pius, needles, or other articles may be
regulated by an adjustable stop or guage attached to the cutter carrier, or by other
equivalent known means. After the wire has been cut to length the back part,
after being cut away from the pointed part, is drawn away by means of a roller 19,
which may be covered with india-rubber or other convenient substance. This
roller 19 is mounted in suitable adjustable bearings 20, and a rotary motion
is imparted either as shewn, or from any convenient source so as to get a high speed
for the purpose of drawing the wires away. After being drawn away the wires
pass down a spout 21. to some suitable receptacle.
In combination with the shearing apparatus when flat pins are required we
provide a press which may either be worked by hydraulics or other convenient
means, or the pin after being cut to length may be passed between pressing rollers,
which may be set to any required guage apart, whereby the pins may be brought
to any degree of flatness.
Having now described the nature and principle of our said Invention for Im-
provements in Machinery or Apparatus Employed in the Manufacture of Pins and
Needles, also of Card and Hackle Teeth," and shown by Drawings how the same
may be carried into practice, we would have it understood that we do not limit
ourselves to the exact details or configuration of the parts we have explained and
shewn, as the same may of course be varied or modified without in any way
departing from the nature or principle of our said Invention; but what we do claim
and desire to be secured to us by Letters Patent is,―
First. The arrangement, construction, and application of screws e and y for
traversing the wire across the stone a, substantially as herein set forth.
Second. The arrangement, construction, and application of the means employed
for regulating the feed of the wires, substantially as herein set forth.
Third. The arrangement, construction, and application of hopper o in combination
with the feed regulating arrangement, substantially as herein set forth.
Fourth. The arrangement and application of cam or copy plate l, and modifi-
cations of the same, substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Fifth. The application of pressing roller 8 and drawing off roller 19, substantially
as and for purposes herein set forth.

page_text: Sixth. The arrangement and combination of shearing and flattening apparatus
with the other parts forming the grinding machine, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth.
Seventh. The arrangement and combination of the various parts forming tho
machine, substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Walker and John Charles Walker,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fifth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
WILLIAM WALKER.
(L.S.)
TOTTA ALLADT DO WATTED