IMPROVEMENTS IN CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Holyoake and Charles Brown, both of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER
ANIMALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Holyoake and
Charles Brown at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 15th November 1873.
We, WILLIAM HOLYOAKE and CHARLES BROWN, both of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING HORSES
AND OTHER ANIMALS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the construction and combination herein.
after described of the parts of clippers for clipping horses and other
animals, our said Invention having for its objects principally to facilitate
the binding or connecting together and disconnecting of the parts of the

page_text: clipper, and to cause the strain to be borne wholly or mainly by the cap
or cover of the clipper.
By our improvements the parts of the clipper are also simplified and
the action of the clipper made very effective.
Clippers constructed according to our Invention consist of two serrated
convex plates or cutters, the lower one being fixed and the upper one
moveable, the said moveable cutter working between the fixed lower
cutter and a cap or cover. This cap or cover has on its under side and
near its front edge two pins or studs made solid to the cap. These studs
pass through slots in the moveable cutter and enter holes in the
stationary bottom cutter. By means of the said studs and slots the
moveable cutter is guided and its motion limited. The said cap is also
furnished at the middle of its rear part with an angular stud or shoulder,
which takes into a notch or opening in the middle of the rear edge of
the stationary bottom cutter.
The cap or cover and the two cutters are connected or bound together
by a single screw pin fixed to the upper side of the stationary cutter.
This screw pin passes through an opening in the moveable cutter and
also through a hole in the cap or cover, and when the cap or cover has
been fitted to the cutters by the engagement of the studs described with
the said cutters the whole of the parts are bound together by a nut
screwed on to the projecting end of the central screw pin. By this
arrangement the parts are very securely and readily connected together,
and great facility is afforded for separating the parts for re-sharpening
the cutters.
In addition to the central screw pin described for binding the cap and
cutters together a screw may also be used at the rear of the cap. This
additional binding screw passes through the cap, and its lower reduced
end, which is plain, takes into a recess in the lower stationary cutter.
The moveable cutter is worked by a moveable handle or lever at the
right-hand side of the clipper, the head or acting end of the lever
working in a recess in the under side of the cap. The said lever turns.
on the central binding screw pin as a fulcrum, and the extreme end of
the head of the lever has a stud on its under side, which takes into an
elongated hole in the moveable cutter, or an eye in the head of the lever
may take upon a stud on the moveable cutter.

page_text: The clipper is held while being used by a fixed handle at the left-hand
side of the clipper, the said fixed handle being made in one pieco with
or attached to the cap or cover of the clipper.
By giving a to-and-fro motion to the moveable handle or lever a
reciprocating motion is imparted to the moveable cutter, as is well
understood. The moveable handle or lever is made to embrace the edge
of the cap or cover, and the said cap acts as a stop to limit the motion
of the said moveable handle or lever.
Although we prefer to make the central binding screw pin act as the
fulcrum of the moveable handle or lever yet we do not limit ourselves
thereto, as the said lever may be jointed to any convenient part of the
cap or cover independent of the central screw pin, and the stud on the
under side of the head of the lever may take into any convenient part of
the moveable cutter. For example, the moveable handle or lever may
be jointed to a pin or centre passing through the front part of the
moveable cutter, and a stud on the head of the lever take into an
elongated hole at the middle of the rear part of the moveable cutter. In
this case the rear middle part of the cutter, into which the stud of the
lever takes, is slit or divided, and the divided part is raised out of the
plane of the other parts on either side of it, so as to be on a level with
the highest or central part of the convex cutter.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Holyoake and Charles Brown in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 13th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wo, WILLIAM.
HOLYOAKE and CHARLES BROWN, both of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Holyoake and Charles Brown,
Her special licence that we, the said William Holyoake and Charles Brown,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as wc, the said

page_text: William Holyoake and Charles Brown, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING
HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said William Holyoake and Charles Brown, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Holyoake, on behalf of
myself and the said Charles Brown, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
-
Our Invention consists of the construction and combination, herein-
after described, of the parts of clippers for clipping horses and other
animals, our said Invention having for its objects principally to
facilitate the binding or connecting together and disconnecting of the
parts of the clipper, and to cause the strain to be borne wholly or a
mainly by the cap or cover of the clipper.
By our improvements the parts of the clipper are also simplified, and
the action of the clipper made very effective.
Clippers constructed according to our Invention consist of two
serrated convex plates or cutters, the lower one being fixed and the a
upper one moveable; the said moveable cutter working between the
fixed lower cutter and a cap or cover. This cap or cover has on
its under side and near its front edge two pins or studs, made solid to
the cap. These studs pass through slots in the moveable cutter and
enter holes in the stationary bottom cutter. By means of the said a
studs and slots the moveable cutter is guided and its motion limited.
The said cap is also furnished at the middle of its rear part with an

page_text: angular stud or shoulder, which takes into a notch or opening in the
middle of the rear edge of the stationary bottom cutter.
The cap or cover and the two cutters are connected or bound together
by a single screw pin fixed to the upper side of the stationary cutter.
This screw pin passes through an opening in the moveable cutter, and
also through a hole in the cap or cover; and when the cap or cover
has been fitted to the cutters by the engagement of the studs described
with the said cutters the whole of the parts are bound together by a
nut screwed on to the projecting end of the central screw pin. By
this arrangement the parts are very securely and readily connected
together, and great facility is afforded for separating the parts for
re-sharpening the cutters.
In addition to the central screw pin described for binding the cap
and cutters together a screw may also be used at the rear of the cap.
This additional binding screw passes through the cap, and its lower
reduced end, which is plain, takes into a recess in the lower stationary
cutter.
The moveable cutter is worked by a moveable handle or lever at the
right-hand side of the clipper, the head or acting end of the lever working
in a recess in the under side of the cap. The said lever turns on the
central binding screw pin as a fulcrum, and the extreme end of the
head of the lever has a stud on its under side which takes into an
elongated hole in the moveable cutter, or an eye in the head of the
lever may take upon a stud on the moveable cutter.
The clipper is held while being used by a fixed handle at the left-
hand side of the clipper, the said fixed handle being made in one piece
with or attached to the cap or cover of the clipper.
By giving a to-and-fro motion to the moveable handle or lever a
reciprocating motion is imparted to the moveable cutter, as is well
understood. The moveable handle or lever is made to embrace the
edge of the cap or cover, and the said cap acts as a stop to limit the
motion of the said moveable handle or lever.
Although we prefer to make the central binding screw pin act as
the fulcrum of the moveable handle or lever yet we do not limit
ourselves thereto, as the said lever may be jointed to any convenient
part of the cap or cover independent of the central screw pin, and the

page_text: '
stud on the under side of the head of the lever may take into any
convenient part of the moveable cutter. For example, the moveable
handle or lever may be jointed to a pin or centre passing through the
front part of the moveable cutter, and a stud on the head of the lever
take into an elongated hole at the middle of the rear part of the
moveable cutter. In this case the rear middle part of the cutter, into
which the stud of the lever takes, is slit or divided, and the divided
part is raised out of the plane of the parts on either side of it, so as to
be on a level with the highest or central part of the convex cutter.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying
Drawings the manner in which our Invention is carried into effect.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, and Figure 2 in cross section a
clipper, the parts of which are constructed and combined according to
our Invention; Figure 3 is a plan of under side and side elevation of
the cap or cover of the same.
Figure 4 is a side clevation and plan of upper and under sides of the
head of the moveable handle or lever.
Figure 5 is a plan of the stationary cutter, and Figure 6 is a plan of
the moveable cutter.
The same letters indicate the same parts.
a is the stationary or bottom cutter, and b is the moveable cutter
sliding between the said bottom cutter a and the cap or cover c. The
said cap or cover c and the handle d by which the clipper is held are
made in one piece, but the said handle d may be mado separately and
attached to the cap or cover. On the under side of the cap or cover c,
and near its front edge are two pins or studs c², c³, which pass through
slots 63, 63, in the moveable cutter 6 (see Figure 6), and enter holes a³, a³,
in the fixed cutter a (see Figure 5). The studs c³, c³, working in the
slots 62, 63, in the moveable cutter 6 guide and limit the motion of the
said cutter 6 as indicated in Figure 1. At the middle of the rear edge of
the cap or cover c an angular stud or shoulder c³ is made, which stud or
shoulder when the cover o is fitted in its place takes into the notch or
opening a³ in the rear edge of the fixed cutter a. The cap or cover c
and-cutters a, b, are connected together by the screw pin e passed from
the under side of the bottom cutter a through the said parts a, b, c, (see
the section, Figure 2), the said screw pin e being secured in its place,
and the parts a, b, c, bound together by the screw nut f. The screw

page_text: is
pin e also serves as the axis on which the moveable handle or lever g
works, the said screw pin e passing through the hole in the head g* of the
said lever 9 (see Figure 4). The said moveable handle or lever
connected to the moveable cutter 6 by the stud or pin g³ on the head of
the said lever engaging in the elongated slot 6 in the said moveable
cutter b. Or a stud on the moveable cutter 6 may take into a slot or
hole in the head g³ of the lever g. The side of the cap or cover o is cut
away at c' (see Figure 3) to permit of the working of the lever g, and
the part of the head 92 of the lever where it joins the stem part g is
undercut, and when the said lever 9, 9³, is fitted in its place the said
undercut part g* embraces or works over the edge of the cap or cover c,
and guides the said lever while the ends of the cut away part of the
said cap or cover constitute stops to limit the motion of the said lever.
In using the clipper it is held in one hand by the fixed handle d, and a
to-and-fro motion is given to the moveable handle or lever g by the other
hand. A reciprocating motion is thereby communicated to the moveable
cutter b, and the clipping is effected between the teeth of the two
cutters a, b. By removing the central pine the whole of the parts may
be disconnected for cleaning or re-sharpening the cutters a, b.
Instead of fixing the cap or cover c to the stationary cutter a by a
stud or shoulder on the said cap taking into a recess in the rear of the
said cutter a, the same object may be attained by a screw, the said screw
also serving to press the front edge of the said cap upon the front edge
of the moveable cutter, so as to cause the latter to be pressed firmly into
contact with the stationary cutter. This arrangement of our Invention
is represented in elevation in Figure 7, and section in Figure 8, where h
is the screw at the roar edge of the cap c, the plain end of which takes
into a depression i in the stationary cutter a, and the screwed part works
in a screw box at h² in the rear edge of the said cap c. The hole in the
cap or cover c through which the centre pin e passes is conical, as repre-
sented in Figure 8, for the purpose of permitting of the tilting of tho
said cap or cover. When the screw h is driven home, so that its plain
end engages in the hole in the bottom cutter, the said cap is connected
at its rear end to the said cutter. By turning the screw / by its thumb
plate, so as to cause the screw box at % to rise upon the screw h, the cap
or cover c is slightly tilted upon the centre pin e, and the front edge c³
of the said cap is made to bear upon the front edge of the moveable
cutter b, and press it closely into contact with the stationary cutter a.
h

page_text: Figure 9 represents in elevation, and Figure 10 in section a clipper, in
which the cap or cover and cutters are bound together by screws at the
front edge of the cap, the cap and moveable handle or lever being
bound together by an independent screw.
Figure 11 represents the cap and moveable handle or lever detached
from the cutters; and Figure 12 represents a longitudinal section of the
clipper. In this arrangement the central screw k upon which the
moveable handle or lever g turns, passes through the cap c, head 9³ of
the lever g, and moveable cutter 6, and its plain conical end takes into
a recess in the bottom cutter a, while the two binding screws 1, 1, are
passed from the back of the bottom cutter a and are screwed into the
cap or cover c (see Figure 12). By withdrawing the two screws 7, 1, the
cutters a, b, are disconnected from the cap and handle c, d, and lever g,
and the said parts c, d, and g, are connected together by the central pin
or axis k of the lever, as seen in Figure 11. The bottom cutter a has
snugs a³, as, upon its upper side which take into and work in the
slots 6* in the moveable cutter b (see Figure 12). The moveable cutter
is thereby guided upon the bottom stationary cutter.
When the stud on the head of the moveable handle or lever engages
in a slot or hole at the rear part of the moveable cutter instead of at the 2
middle part, as in Figure 6, we use a moveable cutter of the kind
represented in plan and edge view in Figure 13, that is to say, the rear
part of the cutter 6 is slit or divided near its middle by two divisions
and the divided part 6', is raised out of the plane of the parts on either
side of it, the said raised part 67 being on a level with the highest or 2
central part of the cutter b. In the raised part 6' an elongated hole 68
is made into which the stud on the head of the moveable handle or lever
engages to work the cutter. The pin or centre on which the moveable
handle or lever turns need not in this arrangement be central.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner 3
in which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood,
that we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described
and illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention of improve-
ments in clippers for clipping horses and other animals,―
First. The combination or arrangement of the parts of the said
clippers herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
3

page_text: and 6, of the accompanying Drawings and the modification described
and illustrated in Figure 13.
Secondly. The combination or arrangement of the parts of the said
clippers, herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 of
the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination or arrangement of the parts of the said
clippers, herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 9, 10, 11,
and 12, of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Holyoake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of May, in the year of
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM HOLYOAKE, (L.S.)