Improvements in the Enamelling of Metallic and other Surfaces and in the Materials Employed therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 188
Complete Left, 18th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
Improvements in the Enamelling of Metallic and other Surfaces
and in the Materials Employed therefor.
I, JAMES DOUGLAS WATSON of 142 North Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Chemist and Druggist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This Invention which relates to Improvements in the enamelling of metallic and other
surfaces and in the materials employed therefor, has for its object to produce an
enamelled surface of a hard, smooth, glossy and ornamental nature, and to preserve
the metal or other material from rust or decay, and so increase its durability and
usefulness.
The Invention consists in applying with a brush to the surface of the article to be
enamelled one coat of Platinum, and thereafter placing the article in a muffle retort
or oven, to be subjected to a heat or temperature of about 500 degrees for about
12 Hours, and then removed from the muffle. This will thoroughly dry and harden
the coat of Platinum which will appear of a Brown or Blackish-Brown colour.
The next step is to apply 3 coats of Sulphate of Barytes-one being dry before the
others are applied-and each coat subjected to a heat or temperature of about
380 degrees, for about 12 Hours, and which is then removed from the muffle in a
dry and hard state, producing a permanent white colour. Any other colour may be
produced by mixing in the sulphate of Barytes the particular colour desired to be
shewn or produced.
The next step is to apply 2 coats of Barilla, diluted with sea-water, the first coat
being dry before the second is applied, each coat being subjected to a Heat or
temperature of about 380 degrees for about 12 Hours, which thoroughly drys and
hardens the Barilla and producing a permanent white colour.
The next and last step is the application to the metallic or other surface of a
solution of India rubber, Oxide of Zinc and wood naptha,-for example 1 lb of India
Rubber, 1 Gallon of Wood Naptha, and 7 lbs of Oxide of Zinc, has been found to

page_text: answer the purpose well-which is placed in the muffle for about 6 Hours and
subjected to a heat or temperature of about 240 degrees, and then removed after
being thoroughly vulcanised.
In enamelling on steel sheet iron, I first prepare the surface by exposing to the
atmospheric influences or otherwise, the steel sheet iron, until it becomes rusty, and
thereafter removing the scales from the surface it is then ready to be subjected to the
same process of coating and heating as above described.
According to my method of enamelling, an Anti-corrosive Platina Oxidised Enamel
is obtained, and which can be applied to Copper, Zinc, Iron, Steel Sheet Iron, and other
metallic surfaces, and to Wood, Slate, Glass and other like surfaces and produced at
a low cost.
D. DRYSDALE AUSTIN,
101, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Petitioner's Agent.

page_text: Improvements in the Enamelling of Metallic and other Surfaces
and in the Materials Employed therefor.
I, JAMES DOUGLAS WATSON of 142 North Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Chemist and Druggist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention which relates to Improvements in the enamelling of Metallic and
other surfaces and in the materials employed therefor, has for its object to produce an
enamelled surface of a hard, smooth, glossy and ornamental nature and to preserve
the metal or other material from rust or decay and so increase its durability and
usefulness.
My Invention consists in applying with a brush to the surface of the article to be
enamelled one coat of Platinum-mixed with other ingredients hereinafter referred
to-forming a compound-and thereafter placing the article in a muffle retort or
oven to be subjected to a heat or temperature of about 500 degrees for about 12 hours,
and then removed from the muffle. This will thoroughly dry and harden the com-
position which will appear of a Brown or Blackish-Brown colour. This operation
may be repeated if desirable according to the quality of the article to be operated
upon.
This platinum is compounded or mixed with the following ingredients or materials
to form the composition for application by the brush. 1 ounce of the Oxide of
Platinum, 50 lbs of sulphate of Lime or whiting, and 50 lbs of ground pumice stone.
These three ingredients I mix thoroughly together. I then take 12 lbs of the above
mixed ingredients (or as much as may be required for use at a time) and mix
therewith sufficient varnish-Tagar, Japan or Moddlin or Naptha-until the whole
becomes of the thickness of a paint, ready to be applied by the brush to the article
to be operated upon. Instead of using pure tagar varnish alone, I have found that
4 gallons of Tagar, with 8 gallons of Japan or moddlin varnish to be a desirable
mixture.
I have here to explain that Tagar varnish-so called from the tree tagar-is
a compound of Gum (4 Gallons) Asphaltum (4 lbs) Linseed oil (1 Gallon) all boiled
down together-four times. That moddlin varnish is a compound of Asphaltum (12 lbs)
red lead (2 lbs) Litharge (lb) copperas (lb) boiled oil (3 Gallons). Both these
varnishes are not new and I make no claim to these excepting their use in mixing
with the other ingredients above mentioned.
The next step is to apply 3 coats of Sulphate of Barytes,-mixed with other ingredients
hereinafter referred to forming a compound,-one being dry before the others are
applied, and each coat subjected to a heat or temperature of about 380 degrees for
about 12 hours. The article under treatment is then removed from the muffle in a
dry and hard state, producing a permanent white colour. Any other colour may be
produced by mixing in the sulphate of Barytes the particular colour desired to be shewn
or produced.

page_text: This Barytes is compounded or mixed with the following ingredients or materials,
to form the composition for application by the brush, 4 lbs of Baryta, and 1lb of
mixing varnish, the hardest that can be had. These I mix together, and then thin
the whole down with naptha until it becomes of the thickness of a paint ready for
application by the brush to the article to be operated upon.
The next step is to apply 2 coats of Barilla, mixed with other ingredients herein-
after referred to-forming a compound-the first coat being dry before the second is
applied, each coat being subjected to a heat or temperature of about 380 degrees for
about 12 hours, which thoroughly drys and hardens the Barilla, and producing
permanent white colour.
a
This Barilla is compounded or mixed with the following ingredients or materials, to
form the composition for application by the brush. 1lb of ground Barilla, 4 lbs of the
oxide of Zinc and 4 lbs of Baryta, these I mix together with Steadmans Rock salt 1 lb,-
but sea water can be used, the whole forming one mass. I then take 4 lbs of the above,
or as much as may be required, and reduce it to the thickness of a paint as before with
varnish of the hardest kind, such as copal varnish.
The next and last step is the application to the metallic or other surface of a solution
of India rubber, oxide of zinc and wood naphtha-for example 1 lb of India rubber,
1 gallon of wood naphtha, and 7 lbs of oxide of zinc, has been found to answer the
purpose well, and which is placed in the muffle for about 6 hours, and subjected to a
heat or temperature of about 240 degrees, and then removed after being thoroughly
vulcanised.
In enamelling on steel sheet iron, I first prepare the surface by exposing to the
atmospheric influences or otherwise, the steel sheet iron, until it becomes rusty, and
thereafter removing the scales from the surface, it is then ready to be subjected to
the same process of coating and heating as above described.
The foregoing ingredients forming the compounds or solutions, to be applied to the
articles to be enamelled, I have found to give satisfactory results, but it is possible
to make these compounds of less proportions, and to be used in such quantities as may
be desirable.
According to my method of enamelling an anti-corrosive oxidised enamel is
obtained, and which can be applied to copper, zinc, steel sheet iron, and other.
metallic surfaces, and to wood, slate, Glass and other like surfaces and produced at a
low cost.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is.
First. The enamelling of metallic and other surfaces, in the manner and by the
application of the materials or compounds employed substantially as described and for
the purposes herein before set forth.
Second. In the enamelling of metallic or other surfaces, the compounds or solutions
employed, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 17th day of February 1888.