matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOWING AND REAPING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Carlisle Bamlett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st October 1880.
ADAM CARLISLE BAMLETT, of Thirsk, in the County of York, Agricultural
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOWING AND REAPING MACHINES."
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in mowing and
and reaping machines.
The first part of the Invention relates to mowing and reaping machines when
used for mowing.
In order to enable the driver more readily to elevate the points of the cutters I
pivot the bracket that carries the regulating lever, which has formed on it a
projection, pressure on which by the driver's foot elevates the points of the cutters.
The front wheel is carried on a pivoted bracket, to which pivot the draft pole is
attached.
To put the machine in and out of gear I fit a sliding clutch on a spiral feather
on the main axle boss, which gives the clutch a slight rotary motion; a projecting
arm on this clutch is connected by a slotted connecting rod to a pawl acting on a
ratchet on the gear wheel; the sliding clutch acted on by a lever raises or lowers
the pawl into or out of gear with the ratchet.
1
An improved method of drawing the machine consists in attaching a short chain
or link to the point of draft, and carrying two links or chains to the swingletrees,
which I can mount on the end of a bar pivoted to the pole.
I sometimes form the eye of the knife considerably in advance of the knife bar to
prevent the connecting rod being entangled in the swathe.
To raise the platform and finger bar I use a right and left hand screw, working
at each end in a pivoted nut, one nut being on the body of the machine and the
other on the finger bar.
In back delivery reapers, to prevent the rakes scattering the sheaf, and enable it
the better to pick up laid corn, I give it a feathering motion by hingeing the rakes
to the reel arms; a cam on the reel bearing connected with a projection on the
rakes causes them to release their hold on the sheaf when passing over the platform.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMRAILS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sharp and James Thomas
Tong at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December
1880.
JOHN SHARP, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Iron and Steel Manu-
facturer, and JAMES THOMAS TONG, of the same Place, Clerk. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TRAMRAILS."
In performing our Invention we make the rail in two parts and roll the foot and
web of the rail in one piece, the web being made with a suitable projection or
flange at the top of which the head of the rail rests. We roll the head of the rail
in one piece and at the same time roll in it the groove and corrugations and form
a shank on the under side of the rail which rests against and is bolted to the web.
A lip is rolled at one side of the rail which fits partly over the projection or flange
at the head of the web and at the other side of the head of the rail we form a
shoulder where the head joins the shank. The square heads of the bolts rest just
under this shoulder and are thus prevented from turning when the nuts are being
tightened.
When desirable we make the web slightly concave where the shank of the head
of the rail rests against it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING.
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James McDonald at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1880.
JAMES MODONALD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Commercial
Traveller. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING.'
.
My Invention consists in making the bowls of pipes for smoking in the manner
hereinafter described.
I make the bowl of the pipe by preference of vulcanito, but it may be made of
materials herein after pointed out. I give the required shape to the vulcanite by
pressing or moulding it in dies or moulds, leaving in the shaped bowl a hole to
receive the stem of the pipe, the said hole opening into the interior of the bowl
near its bottom. I use with the vulcanite bowl a removeable or separable lining,
made by preference of burned clay or unglazed carthenware. The said removeable
lining to the bowl is perforated near its bottom, and has such a shape that it fits
tightly in the interior of the bowl, excepting at its bottom a space being left
between the bottom of the lining and the bottom of the bowl to form a small
passago
chamber, which is in communication with the stem of the pipe. A free
for the smoke between the perforated bottom of the lining and the stem of the
pipe is thereby provided. The removeable lining described when foul and charged
with the oil of tobacco, may be readily removed from the bowl and replaced by a
fresh one.
Although I prefer to make the bowl of the pipe of pressed or moulded vulcanite,
yet the bowl may be made of pressed horn, or pressed or moulded saw dust, and in
place of a removeable lining of clay or unglazed earthenware, a removeable lining
of wood, or other material capable of absorbing the oil of tobacco produced in the
pipe, may be used in combination with a bowl of the kind described.
MENTS IN GAS GOVERNORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick George Hamer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1880.
FREDERICK GEORGE HAMER, of Torquay, in the County of Devon.
MENTS IN GAS GOVERNORS."
"IMPROVE-
My Invention relates to apparatus for regulating the pressure of gas, and
consists in letting the gas pass through a chamber provided with an inlet valve, an
outlet and a flexible diaphragm connected with the inlet valve, so as to open it
more or less as the pressure of the gas decreases or increases, the flexible part of
the diaphragm having the shape of a narrow ring produced by joining two equal
truncated cones with their smaller bases.
I prefer to make the gas chamber cylindrical and of two parts, joined together
by circular flanges, between which the flange of the diaphragm is fastened, the
latter having approximately the shape of a cylinder open at the bottom, so as to
let the pressure of the gas act on the inner (lower) side of the top plate, which is
loaded with detachable and variable weights, and connected with the inlet valve
by a spindle passing through the centre or axis of the gas chamber, and guided by
cylindrical or conoidal tube which has lateral openings for the passage of the gas.
The pressure of the gas acting on the top plate of the diaphragm lifts the latter
by expanding the flexible ring of the diaphragm, and thereby narrows or closes
the gas inlet.
MENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH CARRIAGE AND OTHER DOORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th October 1880. A. communi-
cation from abroad by Carl Daniel Christoph Brühs and Heinrich Pollack,
both of Hamburg, in the Gerinan Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
"IMPROVE-
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
A. communication
MENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH CARRIAGE AND OTHER DOORS."
from abroad by Carl Daniel Christoph Brühs and Heinrich Pollack, both of
Hamburg, in the German Empire.
The Invention has for its object to prevent the fingers of careless persons from
being clipped by shutting the doors of railway carriages or other doors, and consists
in the application of two movable guard plates placed vertically along the sides of
the door opening, and so connected with the door and with each other that they
cover the sides of the door opening when the door is open, but are turned outside
by shutting the door, thereby removing any finger from the door opening before it
can be clipped by the door.
This action is preferably secured by hingoing the guard plates to the inner cover
of the respective door post, and connecting them at the top (over the door) by a
double armed lever pivoted near the centre line of the door and hinged at one end
direct to the guard plate, while the other end is hinged to a lever attached to the
other guard plate, the former guard plate being further connected with the door by
a link, which moves the first guard plate direct, and the second guard plate by
means of the aforesaid double armed lever, as soon as the door is opened.
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SWEEPING OFF THE REFUSE AND MUD FROM STREETS, ROADS, AND PUBLIC PLACES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Mitchell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1880.
JAMES MITCHELL, of 45, 46, and 47, Bridgefoot Street, in the City of Dublin and
County of Dublin, Ireland, Machinist. ."AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SWEEPING
OFF THE REFUSE AND MUD FROM STREETS, ROADS, AND PUBLIC PLACES."
I attach to the ordinary manure carts, wagons, or lorries, by a coupling or other
contrivance, a framework on which is mounted a pair of wheels to carry a long
trough extending from the ground to the top of the cart, wagon, or lorry. Within
this trough I place a number of brushes extending its full breadth and traversing
therein in an upward direction by means of pulleys and chains put in motion by
pulleys on the wheels carrying the trough, so as to make the brushes on the forward
movement of the wheels to traverse the trough in an upward direction and in an
endless manner from the ground to the top of the cart, wagon, or lorry, to empty
the results of their sweeping. Attached to the machine are a pair of elongated
circular brushes rotated by pulleys on the wheels and resting upon the ground to
sweep the same, and so mounted as to sweep the refuse and mud to the mouth of
the trough where the revolving brushes receive the same and carry it up the trough
to its upper end to deliver it into the cart, waggon, or lorry, to convey it to a
distant depot. To propel the wheels, brushes, and cart, wagon, or lorry, I use either
animal, draught, or steam power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1880. A communication from
abroad by Achille Boulouse, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING." A communication from
abroad by Achille Boulouse, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to a substitute for the draught and tie usually employed
in certain classes of looms for weaving, and consists in arranging a series of tappets
or cams fixed upon a shaft for the purpose of actuating in an irregular manner
three, four, or five treadles only, with a view to simplifying the mechanism.
In carrying out this Invention, when applied to a loom for weaving what is
known as twill fabrics, for example, a series of say 6 cams or tappets of suitable
forms are employed, the same being mounted first upon a revolving shaft. The
first two of these cams are formed in one piece, and both revolve in one and the
same plane; the third cam is arranged at the side of the two first, and revolves in a
second and different plane; the fourth and fifth cams again are placed at the side of
the latter, being formed in one piece, and revolve both in a third plane, whilst the
sixth cam revolves in a fourth plane.
This system of cams has the advantage of working the treadles in an irregular
manner without the use of the draught and tie usually employed to produce this
effect, in order to manufacture figured fabrics, thereby enabling say five, six, seven,
or eight weft threads to be thrown, whilst the eccentric is making one revolution.
It is obvious that the arrangement of the cams with relation to each other may
be varied so as to produce various descriptions of figured fabrics.
A considerable saving is effected by the employment of this Invention, as the
frequent repairs involved by the use of the draught and tie are obviated, and less
manual labor is required, whilst at the same time great simplicity in the working
parts is obtained.
IMPROVED MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR MOUNTING AND ADJUSTING "STEREO PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred John Parker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th August 1880.
ALFRED JOHN PARKER, of No. 20, Walpole Street, New Cross, in the County
of Surrey, Printers' Engineer. "IMPROVED MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR
MOUNTING AND ADJUSTING "STEREO
PURPOSES."
"3
AND LIKE PLATES USED FOR PRINTING
The object of this Invention is means and appliances whereby stero and like
plates can be fitted, mounted, and adjusted in quick and positive manner.
According to my Invention, I form a series of notches or slots in the edges of
blocks, said slots having undercuts into which shoulders of slide pieces or catches
can engage to prevent the catches being lifted out of the slots, except when turned
partly round by hand. These catches can be slid or opened out to suit the register
and sizes of the stereo plates to be used, filling in pieces being inserted either in
front or behind them, that they hold the plates firmly in position.
The filling in pieces are of varying thicknesses, from a
enable the slightest difference of space to be filled in.
"thin lead" upwards, to
The blocks in which the catches are arranged may be provided with studs or pins
on which the catches can slide for the adjustment.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING BED BOTTOMS, AND IN OTHER SPRINGY YIELDING EVEN SURFACES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sydney Pitt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1880. A communication from
abroad by Horace Janson Beemer and John Sullivan, both of the City of
Montreal, in the Dominion of Canada.
SYDNEY PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING
BED BOTTOMS, AND IN OTHER SPRINGY YIELDING EVEN SURFACES." [A com-
munication from abroad by Horace Janson Beemer and John Sullivan, both of the
City of Montreal, in the Dominion of Canada.]
This Invention, primarily and specially adapted to that class of spring beds or
inattrasses which are composed of a strained warp of parallel spiral springs and a
woof of the same, woven or otherwise secured together, may be used in all cases in
which the ends of any tensile threads are to be secured.
It consists in combination with such warp wires or threads of a fastening easily
and speedily secured to frame, and so constructed as to afford a very firm hold to
the wire, &c., and at the same time to allow such to be detached with great
facility in case of breakage or of extra tension being required.
The shank of these fasteners is adapted to be driven into the substance of the
frame, or into holes for that purpose, and the head, shaped something like a hammer,
has its fore part formed with a concave surface, from which a spiral groove in
which the wire, &c., is laid passes round the head.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF UPPERS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Summers at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1880.
JAMES SUMMERS, of Number 610, Mile End Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Boot and Shoe Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF UPPERS FOR
BOOTS AND SHOES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of uppers for
boots and shoes.
I produce a seamless upper for a boot or shoe from a single piece of leather or
material by stretching it on to a block or last of suitable form. The material is
well wetted and drawn on to the block or last, and fastened by tacks or pegs till
dry. When dry it is removed from the block or last, and cut at the top and
around the edges to the shape desired. Afterwards elastic gores may be inserted,
or the boot or shoe may be finished to fasten either with buttons or laces.
The upper of the boot or shoe is attached to the sole by the ordinary methods.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WOODEN GUTTERS, TROUGHS, OR SPOUTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Baumber and Andrew Logan
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd June 1880.
GEORGE BAUMBER and ANDREW LOGAN, both of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WOODEN GUTTERS, TROUGHS, OR SPOUTS."
This Invention relates to the construction of a machine or apparatus for cutting
or forming hollow or concave gutters, troughs, or spouts from rectangular lengths
of timber by cutting or sawing out a solid core of a semi-cylindrical form, so that
no part of the timber (excepting the sawdust and the very small chips or shavings)
will be wasted.
In a suitable bed or frame (which may be attached to the ordinary bench or
supported upon standards) we form two sockets, in each of which slides vertically
a support or bearing capable of adjustment by means of a screw. At the upper end
of each support is a semi-cylindrical or open bearing which carries a steel tube of
suitable diameter, one end of which is cut or shaped into teeth so as to form a
cylindrical saw, slight collars being formed on the tube on each side of the bearings
to prevent it from becoming displaced endwise. Over the centre of the tube passes
an endless strap, which also passes round a large pulley beneath so as to drive the
cylindrical saw rapidly, and at the same time holds the tube down in the open
bearings above mentioned. The thickness of the saw and the "set" of the teeth
are such that on a piece of timber being forced endwise against the upper half
thereof a cylindrical cut is made of such a thickness that the core will pass freely
through the middle of the tube, whilst the concave gutter will pass over the top
clear of the collars and the driving strap.
The back end of the tube, instead of a saw, has two or more cutters fixed
thereto, which smooth the inside of the gutter or trough after it has been cut by
the saw.
In some cases we propose to use a saw at each end of the tube so as to cut
both ways
The depth of the cut (so as to make the trough or spout deeper or shallower)
is regulated by raising or lowering the supports which carry the cylindrical saw
or saws.

page_text: A table is provided in front of and behind the tube so as to support the timber
at the proper height, and a movable "fence" is also provided at one side. Rollers
held down by a spring may also be placed above the timber if desired.
The timber may either be forced forwards against the saw by hand or by means
of a "drag-chain," as used with some saw benchers, but we prefer to draw or force
it through the machine by means of revolving rollers acting against the side of the
timber and driven by gearing.
"
$3
This apparatus may also be used for cutting a cavetto or concave moulding on
the outside of a piece of timber.
OR IMPROVED LETTER COPYING PRESS OR MACHINE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Barker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January 1880.
WILLIAM BARKER, of Golden Square, in the County of Middlesex.
OR IMPROVED LETTER COPYING PRESS OR MACHINE"
"A NEW
The machine which constitutes this Invention I designate "the vice-jaw copying
press," which is formed in such a manner that the two abutments may be made in
one piece (or casting when made in metal). Between these abutments a compressing
screw is fitted, and is worked forward and backward horizontally by means of a
compound wheel and screw lever motion, the lever of which can be turned with
ease and facility by one hand only. The letter book is placed in the machine in a
vertical position between the jaws, which are free from all obstruction at the mouth
or across the top and on both sides, by which plan the insertion of the letter copy
book, and its removal in and after the copying operation are simplified and
facilitated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW-HELM
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Fricot at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1880.
JOSEPH FRICOT, Mécanicien Demeurant à Châteaugontier (Dt. Mayenne), France.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW-HELM."
The movement of rotation of the rudder as well as its rising movement is
operated by the aid of a hand wheel, which movement operates in the following
manner: At the end of the shaft is fixed a worm which communicates the move-
ment through a worm wheel to another worm on a vertical shaft, and thus to the
screw and rudder. These two last named pieces are in connection and relation
with the vertical shaft by a cast iron supporting socket and fork connection to the
rudder frame. The screw propeller may be moved in all directions by means of
the universal joint which connects the screw shaft to the main shaft.
The advantages of this screw steering apparatus are as follows:-
First. It considerably facilitates the manoeuvres of the vessel which may thus
be executed in a few seconds without accident, and by its means a ship can be
made to turn on its own axis.
Second. The carrying capacity of the vessel is not reduced by the use of the
said screw, as it may be folded back upon the vessel which will facilitate the
passage of the vessel through locks.
Third. In the case of damage to the screw they may be readily repaired, in as
much as, thanks to the combination of the movements of the rudder, the broken
screw may be lifted out of the water and immediately replaced.
A SELF CLOSING PRESSURE REDUCING APPARATUS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1880. A communication from
Hermann Unkel, of Urach, in the Empire of Germany.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany. "A SELF CLOSING PRESSURE
REDUCING APPARATUS." [A communication from Hermann Unkel, of Urach, in
the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention relates to apparatus for causing fluid pressure to be reduced to a
certain extent in passing from a high pressure reservoir to wherever required. In
apparatus for this purpose as heretofore employed the high pressure fluid is
admitted through a valve into a chamber, one side of which consists of a flexible
diaphragm, to which is connected the long arm of a lover, the short arm of which
is connected to the said valve. The valve is so arranged that the entering fluid
pressure tends to force it open, while the outward motion of the diaphragm,
consequent on such entering pressure, actuates the lever so as to tend to close the
valve against the pressure. Should however any sudden increase of fluid pressuro
occur which the diaphragm and lever are not calculated to withstand it would force
open the valve, and injure the apparatus.
According to the present Invention this defect is obviated by so arranging the
valve that the entering fluid pressure tends to close it instead of opening it. For
this purpose the valvo is arranged in the reverse position to that which it ordinarily
occupies, that is, it opens outwards instead of inwards, and its stem is not connected
to the diaphragm lover, but merely rests with a collar upon it in such a manner
that the lever when actuated by the diaphragm tends to pull the valve towards its
seat, so as to close it more or less. The opposite end of the valve spindle is
connected to a spring that acts against the entering fluid pressure, that is, it tends
to draw the valve away from its seat, and the force of this spring is adjustable by
means of a screw, so that when the entering fluid pressure is of a normal degree
the spring will prevent such pressure from closing the valve when unaided. Thus
the closing of the valve more or less against the action of the spring can only be
effected by the action of the diaphragm and lover in aid of the entering fluid
pressure, but when this pressure is such as to overbalance the spring pressure it
will itself effect the closing of the valve, as above stated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Caleb Kilner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th July 1880.
CALEB KILNER, of Conisboro', near Rotherham, in the County of York, Glass-bottle
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF GLASS BOTTLES."
This Invention relates to apparatus to be employed in the manufacture of such
glass bottles as have a bulb or inverted cup formed in the bottom thereof, as in
the case of champagne and other wine bottles.
In the interior of the bottle mould I place a loose "pusher" or die of the form
necessary to produce the required bulb, and having a rim or flange at the bottom
of the same diameter as the mould. This die is mounted upon a spindle or stud
passing through the bottom of the mould, and so arranged that by a suitable
combination of levers worked either by hand or foot, the die may be caused to rise
within the mould at the same time as the heated glass is being blown, by which
motion of the die the bottle is strengthened at the bottom edges instead of being
weakest in these parts, as would be the case if the die were fixed.
LPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING CLOTH AND OTHER FABRICS AND MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederik Willem Mondriaan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1880.
FREDERIK WILLEM MONDRIAAN, of Blackfriars, in the County of Surrey, Civil
Engineer. "LPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING CLOTH AND OTHER FABRICS
AND MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to an improved apparatus for cutting out woven and other
fabrics and other materials in the sheet such as paper, scale board, leather, and the
like.
The improved apparatus of my Invention consists mainly of a pair of circular
bevel edged shears, mounted in adjustable bearings in combination with a work
plate or table, upon which the work to be cut out is supported and presented to
the action of the shears.
The shears are fixed on horizontal spindles mounted in bearings, the one above
and the other below the table or work plate, the lower shear rising slightly through
an opening in the table, so that its acute edge may slightly overlap that of the
upper shear.
The spindle bearings are so affixed to the frame of the machine as to be capable
of being adjusted nearer together to compensate for wear of the shears and
maintain their proper relative position. The lower spindle is driven by haud or
by a band from a treadle or other motion, and the upper spindle is driven from the
lower one by an endless band passing round guide pulleys at the rear part of the
machine frame, so that its tension is unaffected by the shifting of the spindle
bearings.
A NEW OR IMPROVED BLOTTING PAD AND APPLIANCES FOR BINDING SAME TOGETHER, WHICH APPLIANCES ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joachim Juniet-Lienard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1880.
JOACHIM JUNIET-LIENARD, at Roubaix, Republic of France, Printer and Book-
seller. "A NEW OR IMPROVED BLOTTING PAD AND APPLIANCES FOR BINDING
SAME TOGETHER, WHICH APPLIANCES ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES."
The object of this Invention is to provide a blotting pad made from superposed
blotting paper sheets, arranged together in special manner, and also serving as a
portefolio, and also in the means of, and tools for, expeditiously and conveniently
manufacturing the same.
The said blotting pad is constructed as follows:-
The sheets of blotting paper are fixed upon a pasteboard backing, the sheets of
blotting paper being intercalated with sheets of ordinary paper, in order to prevent
ink from passing through several sheets at a time.
The said sheets are kept together by means of an elastic system of fastening.
This system is fixed at each of the four corners of the blotting pad, and is composed
of three different parts.
1st. A metallic triangular piece, which may or may not be folded on both sides of
the right angle of the said triangle, the third side being of any shape. Two short
parallel slits are made in the middle of the said metallic piece, the part between
these slits being either flat or curved.
2nd. A metallic oye, the hole of which is divided into two parts by a central
metallic piece.
3rd. An india rubber cord.
The triangular piece is placed at the corner and upon the pasteboard after the
said paste board and all the sheets have been pierced in a straight vertical line, in
such a manner that this hole be under the space between the parallel slits.
The metallic eye is then placed under all the sheets in the same line with the
hole pierced in the said sheets. The india rubber cord is passed through the two
slits of the metallic piece, then through the hole made in the sheets, and lastly,
through the two openings of the metallic eye, and then the two ends of this cord
are sewn together.
By these means an elastic fastening is obtained, which allows the blotting pad to
have a flat surface until it is quite worn out.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SKY-LIGHTS FOR SHIP'S CABINS AND FOR HOUSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Forbes at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1880.
ALEXANDER FORBES, of Govan, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SKY-LIGHTS FOR SHIP'S CABINS AND
FOR HOUSES."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in quadrants or supporting frames
and their fittings for sky-lights of ships' cabins or of houses, and is designed to
simplify their construction, reduce their cost, and render them more efficient in
action than as hitherto constructed or arranged.
The Invention consists under one modification, particularly adapted for the
rounded forms of sky-lights commonly used for ship's cabins, in fitting immediately
under the central frame or sash bar of each movable or opening sky-light window,
a strong rigid iron, steel, brass, or other metallic bar, curved to correspond with the
inner side of the window frame or bar, and this curved bar is jointed to the fixed
central framing of the window, below the hinged inner edge of the window frame,
to be raised and lowered with the hinged movable sky-light frame. The outer end
of this curved bar is formed with a sliding catch, with turned-over edges to hold on
to and slide freely along a T headed rail or bar fixed to the underside of the
movable sky-light frame or bar, or forming part of it when the latter is metallic.
When the sky-light window frame is lifted, this catch on the supporting bar slides
along the fixed rail on the window frame, and it can be fixed by means of a pinching
screw or other equivalent at any part of its traverse, to keep the window either
full open or closed, or at any intermediate position; while the swivelling or hinged
supporting bar always lies in the curve of the window frame and close to it, instead
of as hitherto hanging down into the cabin and causing obstruction.
In other constructions of sky-lights, either for ship's cabins or dwelling houses,
in which the sky-light is not curved in the form of a quadrant or segment, but is
merely flat, the swivelling supporting bar is also made straight to lie immediately
under and close to the window frame, but is jointed close to the hinge or swivelling
centre of the window frame, and formed with a sliding and retaining catch at the
outer end, traversing a rail or bar or sliding in a groove in the window frame.
Instead of one supporting jointed bar, two or more such bars may be used, and
fitted one on each side of the window frame, and centrally also if desired.
The construction of jointed supporting bar described, may also be applied for
holding open writing desks and other hinged lids or covers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ernest Stevenson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th March 1880.
GEORGE ERNEST STEVENSON, of Peterborough, in the County of Northampton.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS."
This Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus in such a manner
that the ordinary hydraulic main and dip pipe may be superseded, a conducting or
foul gas main taking the place of the hydraulic main, supplemented by another
main for conveying away the tar and liquor, and a valvo in lieu of the dip pipe,
whereby the pressure on the retorts may be more easily regulated, and an economy
in the manufacture of gas ensured.
The Invention consists in forming a conducting or foul gas main supported from
the retort bench by suitable crutches or standards, and having connected to it
beneath a tar and liquor main. The ascension pipe rises and is fixed to that part
of the apparatus which serves as the connection between the conducting gas main
and the tar main. The top of this connection or entrance to the conducting or
receiving main is formed into a valve seat, to which a horizontal disc valve is fitted.
This valve has a central spindle which works in suitable guides within the foul
main, and is provided with forked levers so arranged and weighted as to counter-
poise the weight of the valve. The lower part of the connection is furnished with
a syphon or pipe which dips into the tar and effectually prevents the escape of gas
in that direction,
The action of the apparatus is exceedingly simple. When the retort is charged
the gas rises to the top of the ascension pipe, and is there separated from the tar
and liquor, which fall into the main below, while the pressure of the gas raises the
valve which has before been adjusted to the requisite degree, and passes on through
the foul conducting or receiving main to the condenser or other apparatus. When
the retort is opened the valve being relieved from pressure falls upon its seat and
so prevents an escape of gas.
By these means the conducting gas main is kept free from any accumulation of
tar, and as the valve is readily accessible, and can be adjusted with great precision,
certain economy in the manufacture must be the result.
OR IMPROVED COMBINED TRAVELLING Box AND TABLE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Richard Gwyn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1880.
GEORGE RICHARD GWYN, of Belsize Road, St. John's Wood, Engineer.
OR IMPROVED COMBINED TRAVELLING Box AND TABLE."
"A NEW
My Invention relates to a novel construction and arrangement of travelling box
which can be converted into a table for use in bed rooms or other places where such
convenience is not provided.
It consists in forming in or upon the inside face of each end of a square or
rectangular shaped box a central horizontal groove or recess, intersected at right
angles by a vertical groove or recess.
The sides of the box in lieu of being immovably built into the ends in the
ordinary manner, are made movable, for which purpose they are provided at their
ends with tenons or projections taking into the horizontal grooves before named,
and which on the sides being pushed or slid inwards towards each other travel
along and are guided by the horizontal grooves until near the centre of the box, and
in line with the central vertical grooves of the ends, when the sides become locked
with the top of the box, as hereafter described, and the latter being raised draws
with it the sides, their tenons or projections sliding up the vertical grooves of the
ends until at the desired height, in which position the top of the box is retained
and steadied so as to form a table by legs or stands hinged to its underside, these
legs or stands falling down on the rising of the top of the box, and assuming an erect
position on ledges or projections from the ends of the box. When used as a box
the sides are secured to the ends by bolts, and the top to one side by hinges,
through which passes a long bolt cominon to the various hinges, and furnished with
a padlock at one end for safety. To convert the box into a table as above described
these side and hinge bolts are first withdrawn so as to release the various parts of
the box.
The locking of the sides when near the centre of the box may be effected by
their coming in contact with the ends of spring bolts projecting from each side of
lugs depending from the top of the box, in combination with flat or other springs,
which the upper edges of the sides displace in passing, but which recoil on the sides
coming in contact with the spring bolts, thereby catching or preventing the sides
from spreading outwards, the spring bolts at the same time taking into holes in the
sides, and so locking the latter to the top of the box. Or the locking may be
effected by bolts passing through the upper parts of the sides, and through a fillet
or projection on the underside of the top, or by any other effectual device.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ENAMELLED JEWELLERY OR THE LIKE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1881.
A communication from abroad by Frédéric Boucheron, of Paris, France,
Jeweller.
"
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF
ENAMELLED JEWELLERY OR THE LIKE." A communication from abroad by
Frédéric Boucheron, of Paris, France, Jeweller.
This Invention relates to the manufacture of jewellery and the like, in which
transparent enamel is employed.
Heretofore transparent enamel has been used for the ornamentation of jewellery
and other articles of gold or silver, or the like, but the metal framework supporting
or holding the enamel has been partly visible outside the latter, and has in fact
projected slightly therefrom, particularly on the rear side of the article. The result
of this method of manufacture is that the finished article frequently presents an
unsightly appearance, this being especially the case when imitating flowers or fruit
designed to be seen on all sides.
The present Invention is designed to obviate this defect by causing the enamel
to entirely cover or surround the metal framework or body, so that although the
said metal can be seen through the enamel, the former does not project outside the
latter as heretoforc.
I carry the said Invention into practice in the following manner, that is to say :-
I first prepare the body, core, or framework of the article to be made, this core
being of gold, silver, or any suitable metal or alloy, and of the required form, such
for instance as the petal of a.flower. The said framework, core, or body is then
placed in a mould or support, having the same form as itself, and designed to keep
the core in position. I then pour the melted enamel over the metal framework,
core, or body, until the latter is surrounded or enveloped thereby; the emamel
thus enters all the openings, spaces, or interstices in the metal frame, and covers the
same to the desired thickness, and the metal frame so covered has the appearance
of veins in the potal.
In some cases the enamel may be of one uniform color, and in other cases I may
cover the frame or core with enamel of different colors and shades.
MENTS IN DRAUGHT PREVENTERS AND REGULATORS AND IN WATER BARS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION luft by Joseph Amson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October 1880.
"IMPROVE
JOSEPH AMSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Joiner.
MENTS IN DRAUGHT PREVENTERS AND REGULATORS AND IN WATER BARS."
This Invention consists in an improved method of causing a lath or strip of wood,
metal, or other suitable material being forced forward so as to occupy the space
between doors or windows and their casings or frames when the doors or windows
are closed in order that the admission of draught may be prevented or regulated,
and wet may be impeded.
The way in which this is to be effected is by letting into the bottom, top, or side
edges of the door or the casement, or top or bottom of a sash, a metal frame or case
open at its outer face so as to allow of the passage of the lath or strip contained
within it. At the back of this case a rod or bar is placed with slots upon it
working over fixed pivots. The end of this rod projects out beyond the end of the
metal case so as to come in contact with the casing or frame of the door or window
in the act of closing and be driven forward; to the rod are attached cranked levers
which bear upon springs placed between the bar and the lath so that when the bar
is driven forward the levers press upon the springs and force out the lath; the act
of opening the door or window removes the pressure upon the end of the rod and
the springs throw the rod back and draw in the lath. This metal case may be
fitted into a weather strip to be attached to the doors or windows instead of being
placed in a groove therein. And a cranked action may be attached to the end of the
rod to enable tho pressure upon the rod to be upon the same side as that upon
which the case is fixed.
An adjusting screw may be placed upon the rod so as to vary its length and
allow of the projection of the lath from the case being regulated.
The case may be fitted to the frames instead of to the doors or windows if
desired, and grooves may be made to receive the laths.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN TEMPLES FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Blackwood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1880.
ROBERT BLACKWOOD, Manager to Messieurs William Watson and Sons, of
Dangerfield Mills, Hawick, in the County of Roxburgh, North Britain, Manu-
facturers. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN TEMPLES FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The said Invention relates to improvements in temples for looms for weaving,
whereby the cloth being woven is transversely stretched. According to the said
Invention, each temple consists of a number (two, three, four, or more) of small
barrels set side by side in a framing, the said framing being mounted upon the
loom and provided with: a cover so shaped as to hold the cloth down over each
barrel of the temples. The barrels are mounted on their bearings so that they are
one behind the other, their axes being in line with the breadth of the cloth.
Each barrel is furnished with a number (preferably three) of rings provided with
points or projections for seizing the cloth. These rings are in a plane oblique to
the axis of the plane of the axial line of the rollers, and are rotated as the drag
on the cloth causes it to travel. By means of this Invention temples of much less
length than those hitherto employed are rendered practicable, and that without
injury to the cloth, as by means of the shorter temples the selvedge of the fabric
need only be acted upon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE REFUSE MATTERS OF TOWNS AND CITIES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rae Wilson Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th January 1880.
"
WILLIAM RAE WILSON SMITH, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Merchant. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE REFUSE MATTERS
OF TOWNS AND CITIES."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the utilization of the refuse
matters of towns and cities, such as ashes, and vegetable and animal matter, consists
in forming the samne into artificial fuel for burning in domestic grates or fireplaces
or in steam boiler or other furnaces.
In carrying the Invention into practice the said refuse is commingled with either
a cheap cementing material, such as clay or lime, or their equivalent, or with an
inexpensive glutinous or pitchy material, which may be of a farinaceous, animal, or
mineral character.
For the purpose of this Invention such cementing, glutinous, or pitchy material
may be the refuse of gas or oil works or that of starch or gum works, breweries or
distilleries, as well as the refuse of tanneries or glue works.
The refuse material mixed with the adhesive or glutinous material as herein-
before described may be used for the purpose of this Invention either in the roughly
mixed state as it is collected, but by preference those parts of its contents which are
inost productive of heat on being burned are separated and treated in the manner
described.
After the refuse material, either selected or not, is mixed with this cementing or
glutinous or pitchy material, it is compressed in inachines of the class used for the
manufacture of bricks or briquets, and in this state when dry is used as fuel.
The refuse material or the more solid portions thereof may or may not be crushed
or ground, and a portion of coal dust or dross may be mixed therewith.
THE SELF-SUPPLYING COMPRESSED AIR ENGINE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Boden, and Frederick Thorn,
and Henry Ivey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th
July 1880.
HENRY BODEN, of 17, Brighton Terrace, Victoria Park, FREDERICK THORN,
of 24, Ashdown Street, Kentish Town, and HENRY IVEY, of 27, Netherwood Street,
Kilburn Rise, all in the County of Middlesex. "THE SELF-SUPPLYING COMPRESSED
AIR ENGINE."
Our Invention consists in being able through the reciprocating agency of slot
wheels, cranks, pins, weights, balancing rods, and fulcrums, to maintain a self-
supplying and self acting. motive power, which we believe will be of great benefit
and utility. In carrying out our Invention we provide an ordinary engine, such
as is generally used for steam purposes, on the shaft of which we attach a slot
wheel or crank which is connected with a lever or levers attached to air or other
pumps, by which means a receptacle is charged with compressed air; connecting
pipes from the receptacle to the engine are attached and shut off or turned on by,
means of cocks. We claim the right to use any number of pumps, levers, cranks, or.
cocks. We also claim the right of using pumps of any construction whatever (of
course infringements of Patents excepted), to be placed in any position that may
be deemed desirable. On the engine shaft we claim the right of using a wheel of
any construction with any number of slots, with crank or rod attached to lever;
Also any number or size of weights, fulcrums, balancing rods, connecting straps,
uprights or pins, which may be deemed desirable.
In putting our engine to work we shut the supply valve from the receptacle to
the engine, and by the motion of the fly wheel fill the receptacle with compressed
air through the action of the levers upon the pumps; and we also claim the right
of supplying the receptacle by any independent means we think proper.