Improvements in Gas and Oil or Hydro-carbon Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept.. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil or Hydro-carbon Engines.
We, JAMES EDWARDES WEYMAN, GEORGE HITCHCOCK and JAMES ARTHUR
DRAKE of the Church Acre Iron Works, Guildford in the County of Surrey,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS AND OIL OR HYDRO-CARBON ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to prevent the over heating and undue expansion
of the pistons of such engines which are brought in contact with gases of high
temperature.
We effect this object by protecting the surfaces of the pistons which are brought
in contact with the heated gases, by means of non-conducting material such as
asbestos, silicate of cotton or any other equivalent non-conducting material or
compound.
In some cases we attach this protective material to the end of the piston which is
exposed to the heated gases by means of a plate or cover which is attached to the
body of the piston by means of set screws or bolts or by other convenient means,
in such a manner that the non-conducting material forms a protective pad or washer
to the body of the piston.
In other cases we construct the pistons of such engines so that the ends, which
come in contact with the heated gases, are open or hollow forming a space or spaces
into which the non-conducting material or non-conducting and refractory material
or compound may be fitted rammed or pressed, and by chamfering the inner edges
of the piston and allowing a portion of the non-conducting material to project
beyond the end of the piston a very small proportion of the metallic surface of the
piston would be exposed and even that portion when necessary we protect with a
metallic ring or cover which may be attached to the body of the piston by set
screws or bolts as already described.
By means of our invention we prevent the undue expansion of the piston and
thereby reduce friction and assist lubrication.
Dated this 26th day of October 1891.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil or Hydro-carbon Engines.
We, JAMES EDWARDES WEYMAN, GEORGE HITCHCOCK and JAMES ARTHUR
DRAKE of the Church Acre Iron Works, Guildford, in the County of Surrey,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS AND OIL OR HYDRO-CARBON ENGINES" and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The objects of our invention are to prevent the over heating and undue expansion
of the pistons of such engines which are brought in contact with gases of high
temperature and likewise in oil engines to prevent the clogging of the pistons in the
cylinders.
We effect these objects by protecting the surfaces of the pistons which are
brought in contact with the heated gases, by means of non-conducting material such
as asbestos, silicate of cotton or any other equivalent non-conducting material or
compound, for example a compound of asbestos and grease subjected to hydraulic
Pine 71

page_text: pressure forming a plastic pad similar to what is employed in the obturator and gus
check of breech loading ordnance.
In some cases, as in Figs. 1 to 4, we attach this protective material to the end of
the piston which is exposed to the heated gases by means of a plate or cover which
is attached to the body of the piston by means of set screws or bolts or by other
convenient means, in such a manner that the non-conducting material forms a
protective pad or washer to the body of the piston.
In other cases we construct the pistons of such engines, as in Figs. 5 to 8, so that
the ends, which come in contact with the heated gases, are open or hollow forming
a space or spaces into which the non-conducting material or non-conducting and
refractory material or compound may be fitted, rammed or pressed, and by
chamfering the inner edges of the piston a very small proportion of the metallic
surface of the piston would be exposed and even that portion when necessary we
protect with a metallic ring or cover which may be attached to the body of the
piston by set screws or bolts as already described.
By means of our invention we prevent the undue expansion of the piston, as
well as in oil engines, the clogging of the pistons in the cylinders, thereby reducing
friction and assisting lubrication.
The nature of our invention will be better understood on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which,
Fig. 1. is a sectional view of an engine piston fitted with one form of our
protective pad or washer.
Fig. 2. being an end view of the same.
Fig. 3. is a sectional view of an engine piston shewing another form of our
protective pad or washer.
Fig. 4. being an end view of the same.
Fig. 5. is a sectional view of an engine piston shewing a modification of the mode
of applying the protective material.
Fig. 6. being an end view of the same.
Fig. 7. is a sectional view of an engine piston shewing another modification of the
mode of applying the protective material.
Fig. 8. being an end view of the same.
The same letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
a. is the body of the piston.
b. is the protective pad or washer of non-conducting material.
c. is the plate or cover.
d. is a bolt set screw or stud.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is.
1. In hydro-carbon motors known as gas engines, protecting the surfaces of the
pistons which are brought in contact with the heated gases by means of a non
conducting material such as asbestos, silicate of cotton or any other equivalen
non-conducting material or compound, in the manner and for the purposes
substantially as herein described and illustrated.
2. In hydro-carbon motors known as oil engines protecting the surfaces of th
pistons which are brought in contact with the heated vapour or gases by means o
a non-conducting material such as asbestos, silicate of cotton or any othe
equivalent non-conducting material or compound, in the manner and for th
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicants.