IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS.
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Hosking, junior, and William Blackwell, both of
Dalton-in-Furness, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS.".
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Hosking, junior,
and William Blackwell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
17th July 1880.
RICHARD HOSKING, junior, and WILLIAM BLACKWELL, both of Dalton-in-Furness,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS."
This Invention has for its object an improved construction of pump, applicable
more especially to that class of pumps known as double acting.
"
Heretofore it has been usual to employ a piston rod working the piston in a
cylinder, and the greater the height the water is to be elevated the more power is
required in proportion. Now according to our Invention we employ counterbalance
hollow tubular shafts or columns of any convenient or necessary height, which are
actuated vertically and alternately by one or more bell crank levers, or what is
technically termed a 'pump bob," used for converting the rotary motion of an
engine into reciprocating motion for operating the pump piston or pistons. The
tops of the hollow tubular shafts or columns are connected to the pump bob or
bobs by a connecting link or links. The other arm of the bob receives motion from
the engine, and from this arm of the bob we connect the arm of the bob working
the opposite shaft by a coneecting rod or links, so that an alternate up and down
motion is imparted to the tubular shafts or columns. The said tubular shafts pass
through bearings or stuffing boxes at the uppermost part, the said bearings or
stuffing boxes extending upwards a convenient distance.
The tubular shafts are provided with slots, which when the shaft is down are
below the level of the top of the bearing, the slot in the other shaft being above the
bearing. The said slots serve for the delivery of the liquid instead of delivery
pipes, so that the apparatus will not have the additional weight of water to lift.
equal to the length of the stroke. For example, if the apparatus had a stroke of,
say, five feet, there would be that alternate and additional weight to lift at each
upward stroke equal to the length of the stroke, were it not for the use of the slots
[Price 8d.l.

page_text: or openings for the outlet of the liquid, which, according to our Invention, serves to
keep the water in each column at or always about the same level.
At or near the lower end of each of the tubular shafts is provided an additional
branch, leg, or plunger, or equivalent, which works in a valve casing, in which are
clack valves, so that only one set of valves act at a time, consequent upon the
alternate upward and downward motion of the tubular shafts or plungers thereon.
To ensure greater accuracy of working in the stuffing boxes, and to prevent any-
-side strain, we provide vertical guides or projections on the tubular shafts which
work in a corresponding recess in a framing, thus preventing any twist of the
tubular shafts.
The wind bores, by preference, are fixed on the extreme end thereof, which serve
for the admission of liquid to the interior of the hollow shaft.
The automatic acting clacks or valves may, in some cases, be connected to or
-form.part of the tubular shafts, and free to rise and fall with them.
Our Invention is particularly and predominantly applicable to the drainage of
mines and waterworks, or places where water is required to be lifted to any height
without an additional expenditure of power, that is, for example, to raise water to
a height of a hundred fathoms with the same amount of power as is required to
raise it a height of only five fathoms.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Richard Hosking, junior, and William Blackwell in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 17th January 1881.
RICHARD HOSKING, junior, and WILLIAM BLACKWELL, both of Dalton-in-Furness,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS."
This Invention has for its object an improved construction of pump, applicable
more especially to that class of pumps known as double acting.
Heretofore it has been usual to employ a piston rod working the piston in a
cylinder, and the greater the height the water is to be elevated the more power is
required in proportion. Now according to our Invention we employ tubular
counterbalance shafts or columns of any convenient or necessary height, which are
actuated vertically and alternately by one or more bell crank levers, or what is
technically termed a " pump bob," used for converting the rotary motion of an
engine into reciprocating motion for operating the pump piston or pistons. The
tops of the tubular shafts or columns are connected to the "
pump bob or bobs by
a connecting link or links. The other arm of the "bob" receives motion from the
engine; and from this arm of the "bob" we connect the arm of the "bob" working
the opposite shaft by a connecting rod or links, so that an alternate up and down
motion is imparted to the tubular shafts or columns. The said tubular shafts pass
through bearings or stuffing boxes at the uppermost part, the said bearings.or
stuffing boxes extending upwards a convenient distance.
دو
The tubular shafts are provided with slots, which, when the shaft is down, are
below the level of the top of the bearing, the slot in the other shaft being above
the bearing. The said slots serve for the delivery of the liquid instead of delivery
pipes, so that the apparatus will not have the additional weight of water to lift
equal to the length of the stroke. For example, if the apparatus had a stroke of
say, five feet, there would be that alternate and additional weight to lift at each
upward stroke equal to the length of the stroke, were it not for the use of the slots
or openings for the outlet of the liquid, which, according to our Invention, serves
to keep the water in each column always at or about the same level.
At or near the lower end of each of the tubular shafts is provided an additional
branch, leg, or plunger, or equivalent, which works in a valve casing, in which are
clock valves, so 'that only one set of valves act at a time, consequent upon the
alternate upward and downward motion of the tubular shafts or plungers thereon.
To ensure greater accuracy of working in the stuffing boxes and to prevent any side
strain we provide vertical guides or projections on the tubular shafts which work
in a corresponding recess in a framing, thus preventing any twist of the tubular
shafts.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation of the upper
part of a pair of balanced pumps constructed according to this Invention, one pump
being in the up stroke and the other in the down stroke; Figure 2 shows the
pumps in their middle position; Figure 3 is a horizontal cross section on line X, X,
Figure 2; Figure 6, Sheet 2, shows the bottom portion of the pumps, this view
being a continuation of Figure 1; Figure 4 is an end elevation of the parts shown
in Figure 6; and Figure 5 is a plan section on the line Y, Y, Figure 6.
A and A¹ are the bell crank levers or pump bobs for working the pumps, they
are driven from some motor in any usual and well known manner; a, a, are rods
or links for connecting the pump bobs with the tubular shafts or columns B and B¹
respectively, the pump bobs A and A¹ are so mounted and connected by the
connecting rod or link S, that the hollow shafts or columns B and B' receive an
alternate up and down motion, one ascending while the other is descending.
N, N', are bearings or guide tubes with stuffing boxes for the tubular shafts B, B',

page_text: to pass through, these bearings are fixed in the pump well or mine shaft in any
convenient manner. The tubular shafts B, B', are formed with slots or openings C, C¹,
near their upper ends, as shown in Figures 1 and 2; while the slot of one hollow
shaft is above the top of its guide tube, the other is below its guide tube.
The
slots C, C¹, save for the delivery of the liquid raised instead of delivery pipes in the
ordinary manner, so that this pumping apparatus will not have the additional
weight of water to raise, equal to the length of the stroke, for example, if the
pumps had a stroke of, say five feet, there would be the weight of that additional
column of water to raise at each upward stroke, were it, not for the use of the slots
or openings C, C, which serve to keep the water column in the hollow columns B, B',
always at about the same level. The water issuing from the slots C, C¹, runs off by
pipes or gutters attached to the enlarged upper part n, n', of the guide tubes N, N¹.
At the lower end of each tubular shaft B, B1, there is, as shewn in Figure 6, a
branch, leg, or plunger G, G¹, which works through a stuffing box on the valve
casing J, J, containing the suction valve M, M', and provided with a strainer Q, Q¹,
in the usual manner, the delivery valve L, L', is in a lateral rising extension K, K¹,
of the valve casing J, J', each part K and K' is formed with a stuffing
box-k-and for the sliding-pipe I, I, to work up and down in; f and f¹ are
additional delivery or retaining valves above the sliding pipes I, I', respectively; the
valves M and L', and f¹, act simultaneously, and so also the valves M³, and L and f,
consequent on the alternate. up and down motion of the tubular shafts B, B¹, and
plungers G, G¹. As indicated by the arrows, the water above the suction valve M
is by the descending plunger G forced through the delivery valve L, rises through
the part K, the sliding pipe I, and upper delivery valve f into the cross connecting
pipe F (having an air vessel H on the top filling also the plunger G¹ as desired, and
and as here shown, and finally rises into the hollow shaft B. In a similar manner
the liquid above the suction valve M¹ is by the descending plunger G¹ forced
through the delivery valves L' and f¹, rises through the part K' and sliding pipe I¹
into the cross connecting. pipe F¹ (having an air vessel H³ on the top), and finally
rises into the hollow shaft B'. The rising hollow shaft B thus by its slot C forms
the outlet for the liquid raised by the descending hollow shaft B₁ with branch, leg,
plunger G¹, and vice versa. The shafts B, B', while acting as delivery pipes or
rising mains, thus also serve as pump rods for working the plungers G, G¹.
To ensure greater accuracy of working in the stuffing boxes, and to prevent any
side strain by vibration, we provide, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, vertical guide
bars or projections m, m', on the tubular shafts B, B1, and these projections work in
corresponding recess guides m³, m³, fixed to the framing R, thus preventing any
twist of the tubular shafts B, B¹.
.
O and O', and P and P₁, are the doors to the delivery valves, and P, P¹, the doors
to the suction valves,
•
Figure 7 shews an arrangement for draining a pump well or mine, and
discharging the water any distance above the ground or bank; the pump bobs A, A,
are by links a, a, connected to a clamp b, b¹, fixed on each hollow shaft B, B¹, the
said clamps having gudgeons for the links.
Figure 8 shows an arrangement for draining deep wells and mines by any
required number of stages, either by the same bob as here shown, or by a separate
bob at each stage, the hollow shaft being then connected to the bob by spear rods.
The hollow shaft B² for the next lower stage is connected to the pipe branch F¹ as
shown, and passes through the bearing or stuffing box N2, formed with slot outlet
for discharge into the reservoir U, from whence the pumps B, B', draw their
water to raise it to the bank. Only one of the hollow shafts is seen in this view.
Figure 9 is a view of the bottom end of the hollow shaft B² and parts connected
therewith, in this case only one hollow shaft is to be seen, the other one B being
bebind it. The water raised by the plunger G³ is forced into the hollow shaft B2,
and the water raised by the plunger G2 is forced into the reservoir U, Figure 8, as
already stated..
f
Figure 10 is a side view, and Figure 11 a plan section of a modified arrangement

page_text: of guides for the hollow shafts B, B', the projections m, m', thereon working
in between the flanges of guide pulleys.
The valve boxes may in some cases be connected to or form part of the tubular
shafts, and be free to rise and fall with them.
Our Invention is particularly applicable to the drainage of mines and for water
works, ships, or other places where water is required to be lifted to a considerable
height with the least expenditure of power.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, and the
way the same is or may be carried into effect, we declare that we claim,
First. The combination of hollow shafts serving both as rising mains and as
pump rods in which the liquid passed through the delivery valve of one pump by
the action of its plunger or piston is forced into the hollow shaft or rising main of the
other or next, substantially as described.
Second. The hollow shafts B, B¹, working through stuffing box bearings N, N¹,
with slots for discharge of the liquid and fitted with branch, leg, plungers or
pistons G, G², below a lower continuation of each such shaft sliding through a
stuffing box on the delivery valve case for the other pump plunger, substantially as
described.
Third. The hollow shafts B,.B¹, serving as rising mains and pump rods and
working through stuffing box bearings N, N¹, with slots for discharge of the liquid,
substantially as described.
.
In witness whereof, the said Richard Hosking, junior, and the said
William Blackwell, have hereunto affixed their hands and seals, this Eighth
day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and eighty one.
Witness,
JOHN P. SAWREY,
Notary Public,
Ulverston.
R. HOSKING, JUNR.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM BLACKWELL. (L.S.)