IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOLTS AND RIVETS."
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Marsden, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Screw Bolt Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOLTS AND RIVETS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Marsden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th March 1869.
I, SAMUEL MARSDEN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Screw Bolt Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY POR MAKING BOLTS AND
RIVETS," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to that part of bolt and rivet making machines
which is employed for making the head, and consists in an arrangement
whereby I am enabled to suspend or repeat the pressure of the ram at
pleasure without detaching the motive power from the machine. To
effect this I propose to connect the driving shaft to the carriage of the
ram by a part which may be removed from such connexion when it is

page_text: desired to suspend the pressure. Thus I use a crank upon which is a
connecting rod, which may be turned upward or downward by a treadle
so as to be brought into the same plane as that of the carriage, or
removed therefrom. Or the connecting rod may continue to move in
the same plane and act through the medium of a filling piece, which
may be removed at pleasure. I propose to attach arms to the carriage
for bringing the said carriage back after a pressure has been performed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Marsden in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th September 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
MARSDEN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Screw Bolt
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Marsden, Her special license
that I, the said Samuel Marsden, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Marsden, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein "expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOLTS AND RIVETS," upon the condition,
amongst others, that I, the said Samuel Marsden, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and 'immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Marsden, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:—
My Invention refers to that part of bolt and rivet making machines
which is employed for making the head, and consists in an arrangement
whereby I am enabled to suspend or to repeat the pressure of the ram
at pleasure without detaching the motive power from the machine. To.
effect this I propose to connect the driving shaft to the carriage of the
ram by a part which may be removed at pleasure..
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I will
proceed to describe the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, which
represent a complete machine, some of the parts however being old and
not claimed by me, but are represented in order that the improvement
may be clearly pointed out.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a plan view, and Figs..
3 and 4 cross sections, taken respectively in the lines A, B, and C, D. The
machine, as shewn, is double, that is, there are two sets of operating
parts in one frame, each of such sets being on opposite sides of the
division E, but a single machine may of course be used if desired. The
framework is shewn at 1,. within which is mounted the carriage 2 so as
to be capable of sliding therein after the usual manner in such machines,
and within this carriage is one end of the ram 3. formed as a square,
which slides within the fixed block 4. This squared part carries a pin 5
situate within a slot 6 in the block 4, and carrying an india-rubber
band 7, the other end of which passes around a pin 8 attached to the
carriage 2, and the end of the said ram is therefore constantly drawn
to the end of the recess in the carriage 2, at which end there are filling
pieces 9 for regulating the position of the punch 10 on the ram 3. At
one end of the frame is a cavity, within which is placed the stationary
die 11 formed with four recesses, so that the said die may be changeable
for different sizes or shapes of shanks, shoulders, or heads to be formed,
and it is held downward by the screw clamp 13. At 14 is the other
die held down by the clamp 15 within a recess formed in a lever 16
mounted so as to be capable of moving upon a centre 17, and drawn
away from the stationary die by an india-rubber or other spring 18, and
the two dies have an abutment against a steel plate at the end framing
of the machine. To the carriage 2 is fixed a bar 19 having an incline 20
on its end, and this incline when the carriage moves forward comes in
contact with the lever 16, so as to cause it to move upon its centre and

page_text: carry the die 14 up to the other die 11. At 20* is the driving shaft,
upon which are fast and loose pullics 21, 22, the former serving also as
a fly wheel; on this shaft is a crank 23, on which is mounted loosely an
arm 24, the other end of which is provided with a rod 25 extending
downward, and connected to one end of a treadle 26, 26*, mounted so
as to be capable of being turned upon a fixed centre 27; on the arm 24
is a stud with a roller 28 situate within a frame 29, which is attached
to the carriage 2 and consequently slides therewith,
The operation is as follows:-According to the positions of the parts
shewn in the Drawings the dies 11, 14, are open ready to receive a
length of metal to be formed into a bolt, and this length the attendant
places between them, the projecting end to form the bolt head being
regulated by an adjustable stop 30. The attendant then places his foot
on the end 26* of the treadle, thereby causing it to turn upon its
centre 27 and lift the arm 24 through the medium of the rod 25. This
movement will bring the end of the said arm in a line with a hollowed
part 31 attached to the carriage 2, and the rotation of the crank 23 will
cause it to act against the said carriage and thrust it forward; when
this takes place the incline 20 arrives in contact with the lever 16,
thereby causing it to move upon its centre 17 and enclose the heated
metal between the two dies 11, 14, after which a further motion of the
carriage will cause the punch 10 to act upon the metal and effect the
required heading, or it may partially affect it, and this will have brought
certain of the parts into the position shewn in the detached view, Fig. 5.
Supposing that the required heading has been effected by the blow
above mentioned, then the attendant releases the treadle and the
arm 24 will fall into the position shewn by the dotted lines in Fig. 5,
and the backward motion of the crank will cause the roller 28 to act
against the frame 29 so as to withdraw the carriage 2 and punch 10 into
the position shewn at Fig. 1, so that another length of metal may be
adapted to the dies to be operated on, as above described. But supposing
that it is desired to cause the punch to act more than once then the
attendant keeps his foot on the treadle so as to keep the arm 24 in a line
with the carriage, and in this case the return motion of the crank will
also cause the roller 28 to act against the frame 29 so as to withdraw the
punch, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 5, but in a less degree,
sufficient however to effect the required pressure. It will be seen by the
arrangement described there is no necessity for stopping the crank shaft

page_text: when it is desired to arrest the working parts of the machine, for so
long as the attendant does not depress the treadle 26* the crank will
simply move the arm 24 to and fro clear of the carriage 2.
I have above described a single machine only which, as before stated,
may be the case, but the Drawing shews a double machine, in one half
of which certain parts are removed in order to shew others which would
be hidden, and similar numbers of reference are marked thereon. The
operation is of course the same in both machines, but one may be used
for partially making a bolt, and the other for completing it, as is now
practised and well understood. I have also alluded particularly to
bolts, by which would be understood articles which are subsequently to
be screwed, but the said articles may be used as rivets if desired.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I
desire it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise
arrangement shewn and described, as it will be evident to all com-
petent persons that mechanical variations may be made therein without
departing from the general principle; for instance, instead of moving
the arm 24 downward it may be moved upward, or the arm or its
equivalent might be caused to move constantly in a line with the
carriage but clear of it until another filling piece was introduced;
that which I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited
Letters Patent being the use of a moveable part or filling picce between
the carriage or ram and the driving shaft.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Marsden, have hercunto set
my hand and seal, this Third day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
SAMUEL MARSDEN. (L.S.)