IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TIPPING WAGGONS AND CARTS
Year: 1884

page_text: We ROBERT WADSWORTH of the Patent Wheel Axle and Waggon Works,
Halifax, in the county of York; Wheelwright &c, and SELINA WADSWORTH wife
of the said Robert Wadsworth do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TIPPING WAGGONS AND CARTS, to be
as follows:-
(1st) Constructing and arranging a Waggon and a Cart to be low on the ground,
and convenient for loading, fitted with Springs or otherwise, to be used for the
conveyance of street sweepings, Slop, Mud, or Dust, Lime, Coals, Ashes, Grain,
Earth, Manure or any other loose materials which are usually or may be shovelled
into the Waggon or Cart, and discharged therefrom by means of tipping, the same
rotaining all the facilities of other kinds of Waggons and Carts, for freely tipping
and discharging their contents.
(2nd) Opening the Door of the said Waggon or Cart, automatically and simul-
taneously, with the tipping of the same.
(3rd) A new arrangement for facilitating tipping the said Waggon and Cart, also
in said Cart for regulating the weight on the Horses-back, and retarding the
Wheels when necessary or setting the Cart-body to any desired position.
In carrying out our improvements, we construct a Waggon-body having the fore-
end shallower or about half the depth of the hinder part, the shallow part extending
about one third of the length of the Body from the front, or sufficient to allow the
fore wheels when under to be locked around.
We then suspend this Body between two longitudinal side Pieces of Oak, Ash or
other suitable Materials by fixing a strong iron strap or stay, which is made to fit
transversely under and up each side of the deep part of the Waggon-body some ten
or twelve inches (or as much as necessary to cause the Body to freely discharge its
contents) behind or in rear of the hind Axle.
In each side of the said iron strap about two thirds from the bottom of the
Waggon side, we fix a Pivot or Stud, said Pivots or studs we cause to work in
suitable bearings, which are fixed to the before mentioned longitudinal side pieces,
said side pieces being braced together at the fore-end of the Waggon by a cross
piece of similar materials, and also by the cross bars which carry the upper front
turntable or locking Plate.

page_text: The shallow or fore part of the Waggon-body is suspended or supported, on the
said turntable cross-bars, and these of course being supported on the front carriage
of the Waggon.
To the hinder end of the said longitudinal side pieces we fix the hind Springs, or
if the Waggon is not required to have Springs we fix a strong iron stay, or a wood
Bracket on each, to which is secured the Axle, said stays or Brackets being made to
hang down from the said longitudinal side-pieces low enough, so that the Axle when
fixed thereto will sufficiently clear the underside of the Waggon-Body.
These improvements so far as relate to "the suspension" of the hinder end of a
Waggon-body, between longitudinal side pieces, having springs, Iron stays, or wood-
brackets fixed thereto to carry the Axle, as and in the manner hereinbefore
described," are equally applicable to Carts or Vehicles with two Wheels.
For Carts or Vehicles with two Wheels we allow the longitudinal side-pieces to
project a short way in front of the Body of the Cart, to which we bolt or otherwise
securely fix a pair of Shafts in which to yoke the Horse.
The fore end of the Cart-body is supported in the frame by having a piece of
Oak or other suitable material with projecting ends, bolted or otherwise secured
across the front of the Cart-body, the said projecting ends, resting on the
longitudinal side pieces; or the fore-end of the Body may be otherwise supported
by an iron strap, made to transversely pass under the Body and up each side, and
the ends be fixed to the longitudinal side pieces.
In this arrangement iron stays might be fixed in a slanting position on either
side of the said iron strap secured at one end to the strap, and the other ends, one
to the shafts and the other to the longitudinal side pieces.
In place of the two longitudinal side pieces for Carts or Vehicles with two
Wheels;
if preferred the shafts can be allowed to extend along each side of the
Cart-body, and answer all and every the purposes of the longitudinal side pieces.
Either straight or cranked Axles may be used according to the depth of the Body,
and the height the same is required to be from the ground, but with a straight
Axle according to these improvements, the Body of the Waggon or Cart can be kept
considerably lower or nearer the ground, and thus more convenient for loading than
the ordinary kind of Tipping Waggons and Carts.
Our improved manner of opening the Door or Tailboard of Tipping Waggons and
Carts, apply more particularly to the Waggon and Cart before described, but the
same may be modified to suit other descriptions of Tipping Waggons and Carts;
and consists in making the Door slightly curved from the top to the bottom, to each
side of which we engage a iron strap in the form of a Y, or a three legged crank
lever or radial Arm each leg being about 2 feet long, two of the said Legs being
attached to each end of the Door, at each outside of the Waggon or Cart-sides, one
near the top and the other near the bottom, and the third Leg extends along the
outside of the Waggon or Cart-side to the extent of its length, between the Body
and the longitudinal side pieces, or shafts in Carts, when the same are made to act
as the longitudinal side pieces, and at the junction of the Y straps we make a hole
and cause the straps to swivel on a stud, which we fix near the end or at the
part proper of the longitudinal side pieces, or Shafts as the case may be to suit
the straps.
To the end of the third Legs of the said two straps we couple a rod to each, the
other ends of said rods being coupled to the lower part of the Waggon or Cart-side
near the hind end, and as the Waggon or Cart-body is tilted, the Body moves
downward from the Door, and the Door at the same time automatically rises in a
circular manner clear away from the hind end of the Body, and as the Waggon
or Cart-body is brought back to its proper position, the Door returns also to its
closed position.
The Door or Tailboard is made detachable from the Iron Y straps or radial Arms
Bo that when necessary the Waggon or Cart can be slightly or otherwise tipped and
the Doon remain closed

page_text: When a middle or division board is required to be placed in the before described
Waggon or Cart body, we cause this to be automatically opened by the opening of
the Tailboard or Door, by connecting the same together by means of a rod, one end
of which is bent and secured to the Middle or Division-board, and the other end
rests in a Swivel Loop which is fixed in the centre of the upper edge of the-
Tailboard or Door, and as the Tailboard or Door rises or opens, the pressure
thereby caused against the Rod causes the Middle or Division-board to open also.
We are aware that a Cart has been made hitherto with an action somewhat
similar to the before mentioned for opening the Door automatically, and
simultaneously with the tipping of the Body, but the detail and arrangement of the
two vary considerably. In the one referred to, the action is obtained from the fore
end of the Cart-body, by having long iron straps extending the whole length of the
Body, which causes the arrangement to be heavy and the Cart to be cumbersome,
and again the Door being a permanent fixture to the iron straps or radial Arms, the
Body of the Cart cannot be slightly tilted without the Door or Tailboard being
proportionately opened.
For facilitating tipping our before described Waggon and Cart, on each side of
the longitudinal side pieces previously mentioned, or on each of the shafts in Carts,
when these are formed to act as the side pieces also, near to the front end in Carts,
and about one third from the front in Waggons, we apply a square threaded screw
Pin of suitable strength in suitable bearings, so that the said screw Pin will be in a
slightly slanting position viz:-will be higher at the back end than the front, the
said screw Pins having at their foremost ends a Bevel or Mitro Wheel key'd on, and
on the thread part a nut with Lugs on, to these Lugs we connect one end of a Rod,
the other end of which reaches and is coupled to studs fixed near the top of each
side of the Waggon or Cart-body immediately over the back ends of the said
screw Pins.
The two said screw Pius we cause to rotate by means of a rod or shaft, which is
Inounted in suitable bearings, transversely across the Body of the said Waggon, in
the corner immediately before the deep part of the Body, and transversely across
the front part of the said Cart-body, said rod or shaft having a Bevel or Mitre
Wheel key'd on each end which take into the Bevel or Mitre Wheels on the said
screw Pins.
At one or both ends of the said transverse or Cross-rod or shaft, we engage a
Winch Handle, and by turning the same, the nuts on the screw Pins with their
attachments, are made to traverse the screws, towards the back-end of the Waggon
or Cart-body, and the Rods which are attached to the screw nuts, are thus caused
to gradually rise to a perpendicular position, and thereby tilt the Body of the
Waggon or Cart, or put the same to any desired position.
When preferred by way of assisting the Rods which are attached to the screw
nuts before mentioned, we would attach a chain to the centre of the underside, of
the hinder end of the Waggon or Cart-body, and from there conduct the said Chain
over or under a grooved Pulley, which is suspended in a iron stay, some eighteen
inches or thereabouts from under the fore end of the "deep" part of the Waggon
body, or under the fore end of the Cart-body, and from there the Chain passes and
is secured to the transverse rod or shaft before mentioned, and as this shaft is caused
to rotate, by turning the before mentioned Winch Handle, in addition to the screw
nuts traversing the screw Pins, for the purpose of tilting the Waggon or Cart-body,
the said Chain will wind around the cross shaft and thereby assist in tilting.
Two chains might be applied if desired, one on each side of the Waggon or Cart-
body, in which case there would require to be two suspended grooved Pullies, but
instead of the Chains being wound around the transverse shafts, the Bevel or Mitre
Wheels on the ends of the said transverse shaft might be formed to act also as
grooved Pullies, over which we would pass the Chains, and secure the ends thereof
to the screw nuts on the screw Pins, and as the screw nuts are caused to traverse
the screw Pins, and raise the two rods before mentioned, the Chains would be also

page_text: tightened, and cause a lifting pressure to the fore end, and a downward pressure to
the hinder end of the Waggon or Cart-body.
"
33
Although the two last Chain arrangements are here described as being
worked with the screw arrangement, we would have it understood that the Screw
arrangement may be worked alone.
By the previously described arrangement for facilitating tipping our Improved
Waggon and Cart, the weight may be regulated on the Horses back in the said
Cart when necessary,
And for retarding the Wheels of the said Cart, we encircle
three parts of the diameter of the inner ends of the Wheel Naves, with a iron or
steel Band or Lap, having Blocks of Wood or other suitable material secured thereto
for the purpose of being brought in contact and to grasp the Naves.
On the upper side of each hind spring or when Springs are not used, on the upper
side of each hind Axletree Stay or Carrier, we secure a stud, on each of which we
apply one end of the before mentioned iron or steel bands, and also a crank Lever,
to one end of the two said Levers we apply the other ends of the Brake Laps or
Bands. We then couple the two Lever Cranks by the other ends thereof, and two
rods, to a cross bar or Shaft having a Lever welded on each end, some seven or eight
inches long, and which is mounted in bearings fixed to the Shafts in which the
Horse yoked, immediately before the front of the Cart. To the middle of the
said cross-bar or Shaft we weld another Lever, and with a rod we connect or
disconnect at will, this Lever to the Body of the Cart, and when connected by
slightly tipping the Cart-body by the previously described arrangement the Brake
is also applied, by the iron Bands with the wood Blocks or their equivalent being
caused to grasp the Naves, and thus retard the Wheels.
When the Cart is required to be fully tipped the Brake is thrown out of gear by
disconnecting the Lever at the front of the Cart-body.
The previously described arrangement for facilitating tipping the said Waggon
or Cart-body is also applicable to other kinds of Waggons or Carts,
Dated this seventh day of January 1884

page_text: ROBERT WADSWORTH of the Patent Wheel, Axle and Waggon Works, Thomas
Street Halifax in the County of York, Wheelwright &c and SELINA WADSWORTH,
Wife of the said Robert Wadsworth, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TIPPING WAGGONS &
CARTS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
Our invention of improvements consist of: Firstly constructing and arranging a
Waggon and a Cart to be low on the ground and convenient for loading, fitted with
Springs or otherwise, to be used for the conveyance of street sweepings, Slop, Mud
or Dust, Lime, Coals, Ashes, Earth, Grain, Manure, or any other loose materials
which are usually or may be shovelled into the Waggon or Cart, and discharged
therefrom by means of tipping, the same retaining all the facilities of other kinds
of Tipping Waggons and Carts for freely tipping and discharging their contents
(2nd) Opening the Door of the said Waggon or Cart automatically and simul-
taneously with the tipping of the same, (3rd), A new arrangement for facilitating
tipping the said Waggon and Cart also in said Cart for regulating the weight on
the Horses back, and retarding the Wheels when necessary, or setting the Cart
Body to any desired position.
In carrying out our improvements we construct a Waggon Body, having the
fore end shallower or about half the depth of the hinder part, the shallow part
extending about one third of the length of the Body from the front, or sufficient to
allow the fore Wheels when under to be locked around.
We then suspend this Body between two longitudinal side-pieces of Oak, Ash
or other suitable material, by fixing a strong iron strap or stay, which is made to
fit transversely under and up each side of the deep part of the Waggon Body,
about the centre of the Body, or where necessary to cause the Body to freely
discharge its contents.
In each side of the said iron strap, about two thirds from the bottom of the
Waggon side we fix a Pivot or Stud, said Pivots or Studs we cause to work in
suitable bearings, which are fixed to the before mentioned longitudinal side pieces,
said side pieces being braced together at the fore end of the Waggon by a cross
piece of similar materials, and also by the cross bars, which carry the upper front
Turntable or Locking Plate.
The shallow or fore part of the Waggon body is suspended or supported on the
said Turntable Cross bars, and these of course being supported on the front Carriage
of the Waggon.
To the hinder end of the said longitudinal side pieces we fix the hind Springs,
or if the Waggon is not required to have Springs, we fix a strong iron Stay, or a
wood Bracket on each to which is secured the Axle, said stays or Brackets being
made to hang down from the said longitudinal side pieces, low enough, so that
the Axle when fixed thereto, will sufficiently clear the underside of the Waggon
Body.
These improvements so far as relate to "the suspension of the hinder end of a
Waggon Body, between longitudinal side pieces, having springs, Iron stays, or
wood Brackets fixed thereto, to carry the Axle, as and in the manner herein before
described are equally applicable to Carts or Vehicles with two Wheels."
"
For Carts or Vehicles with two Wheels we allow the longitudinal side pieces to
project a short way in front of the Body of the Cart, to which we bolt or otherwise
securely fix a Pair of Shafts in which to yoke the Horse,

page_text: The fore end of the Cart body is supported in the frame by having a piece of
Oak or other suitable material with projecting ends, bolted or otherwise secured
across the front of the Cart Body, the said projecting ends resting on the longi-
tudinal side Pieces. Or the fore end of the Body may be otherwise supported by
an iron strap made to transversely pass under the Body and up each side, and the
ends be fixed to the longitudinal side pieces, in this arrangement iron stays might
be fixed in a slanting position on either side of the said "iron strap" secured at
one end to the strap, and the other ends, the one to the shafts, and the other to the
longitudinal side pieces.
In place of the two longitudinal Side Pieces for Carts or Vehicles with two
wheels: if preferred the Shafts can be allowed to extend along each side of the
Cart body, and answer all and every the purposes of the longitudinal side pieces.
Either straight or cranked Axles may be used according to the depth of the
Body, and the height the same is required to be from the ground, but with a
straight Axle according to these improvements, the Body of the Waggon or Cart,
can be kept considerably lower or nearer the ground, and thus more convenient for
loading, than the ordinary kind of Tipping Waggons and Carts.
Our improved manner of opening the Door or Tailboard of Tipping Waggons
and Carts, apply more particularly to the Waggon and Cart before described, but
the same may be modified to suit other descriptions of Tipping Waggons and Carts
and consists in engaging to each end of the Door a iron Strap in the form of a Y,
or a three legged crank lever or radial Arm, each Leg being about two feet long,
two of the said Legs being attached to each end of the Door, at each outside of
the Waggon or Cart sides, one near the top and the other near the bottom, and the
third Leg extends along the outside of the Waggon or Cart sides, to the extent of
its length, between the Body and the longitudinal side pieces, or Shafts in Carts
when the same are made to act as the longitudinal side pieces. At the Junction of
the straps we make a hole and cause the straps to swivel on a stud which we
fix near the end, or at the part proper of the longitudinal side pieces, or shafts as
the case may be to suit the straps. To the end of the third Legs of the said two
straps we couple a rod to each, the other ends of said rods being coupled to the
lower part of the Waggon or Cart sides near the hind end, and as the Waggon or
Cart body is tilted, the Body moves downward from the Door, and the Door at the
same time automatically rises in a circular manner clear away from the hind end
of the Body, and as the Waggon or Cart-body is brought back to its proper
position, the Door returns also to its closed position.
The Door or Tailboard is made detachable from the iron Y Straps or radial
Arms, so that when necessary the Waggon or Cart can be slightly or otherwise
tipped and the Door remain closed.
When a middle or division board is required to be placed in the before described
Waggon or Cart body, we cause this to be automatically opened, by the opening of
the Tail board or Door, by connecting the same together by means of a rod, one
end of which is bent and secured to the middle division board, and the other end
rests in a swivel Loop, which we fix in the centre of the upper edge of the Tail-
board or Door, and as the Tailboard or Door rises or opens the pressure thereby
caused against the rod, causes the middle or Division board to open also.
We are aware that a Cart, has been made hitherto with an action somewhat
similar to the before mentioned, for opening the Door automatically and simul-
taneously with the tipping of the Body, but the detail and arrangement of the two
vary considerably.
In the one referred to the action is obtained from the fore end of the Cart body,
by having long iron straps extending the whole length of the Body, which causes
the arrangement to be heavy and the Cart to be cumbersome, and again the Door
being a permanent fixture to the iron straps or radial Arms, the Body of the Cart
cannot be slightly tilted without the Door or Tailboard being proportionately
opened.

page_text: For facilitating tipping our before described Waggon and Cart, on each side of
the longitudinal side pieces previously mentioned, or on each of the Shafts in Carts,
when these are formed to act as the side pieces also, near to the front end in
Carts, and about one third from the front in Waggons, we apply a square threaded
screw pin of suitable strength in bearings, so that the said screw will be in a
slightly slanting position viz-will be higher at the back end than the front, the
said screw pins having at their foremost ends a Bevel or Mitre Wheel key'd on,
and on the threaded part a Nut with Lugs on, to these Lugs we connect one end
of a rod, the other end of which reaches and is coupled to Studs fixed near the top
of each side of the Waggon or Cart body, immediately over the back end of the
said screw pin.
The two said screw pins we cause to rotate by means of a Rod or Shaft which is
mounted in suitable bearings, to the longitudinal side pieces transversely across the
Body of the said Waggon, under the shallow portion, and transversely across the
front part of the said Cart body, said Rod or Shaft having a Bevel or Mitre wheel
key'd on each end, which take into the Bevel or Mitre wheels on the said screw pins.
At one or both ends of the said transverse or cross rod or Shaft, we engage a
Winch Handle, and by turning the same the nuts on the screw pins with their
attachments, are made to traverse the screws towards the back end of the
Waggon or Cart body, and the Rods which are attached to the screw nuts aro
thus caused to gradually rise to a perpendicular position and thereby tilt the Body
of the Waggon or Cart or put the same to any desired position.
When preferred by way of assisting the Rods which are attached to the screw
nuts before mentioned, we would attach a chain to the centre of the underside of
of the hinder end of the Waggon or Cart body, and from there conduct the said
Chain over or under a grooved pulley which is suspended in a iron stay some
eighteen inches or thereabouts from under the fore end of the " deep" part of the
Waggon-body, or under the fore end of the Cart-body, and from there the chain
passes and is secured to the transverse Rod or shaft before mentioned, and as this
shaft is caused to rotate by turning the before mentioned Winch Handle, in
addition to the screw nuts traversing the screw pins for the purpose of tilting the
Waggon or Cart body, the said chain will wind around the cross shaft, and thereby
assist in tilting.
Two Chains might be applied if desired, one on either side of the Waggon or
Cart body, in which case there would require to be two suspended grooved pullies,
but instead of the chains being wound around the transverse shaft, the Bevel or
Mitre Wheels on the ends of the said transverse shaft might be formed to act also
as grooved Pullies, over which we would pass the chains, and secure the ends
thereof to the screw nuts on the Screw pins, and as the Screw Nuts are caused to
traverse the Screw pins, and raise the two rods before mentioned, the chains would
be also tightened, and cause a lifting pressure to the fore end, and a downward
pressure to the hinder end of the Waggon or Cart body.
Although the two last "Chain " arrangements, are here described as being
worked with the Screw arrangement, we would have it understood that the
"Screw" arrangement may be worked alone.
The previously described arrangement for facilitating tipping the said Waggon
and Cart, are also applicable to other kinds of Waggons or Carts.
By the previously described arrangement for facilitating tipping the said
Waggon and Cart the weight may be regulated on the Horses back in the said Cart
when necessary.
And for retarding the wheels of the said Cart we encircle three
parts of the diameter of the inner ends of the Wheel Naves, with a iron or steel
band or Lap having blocks of wood or other suitable material secured thereto for
the
purpose of being brought in contact and to grasp the naves.
On the upper side of each hind spring, or when springs are not used, on the
upper side of each hind Axletree, Stay or Carrier, we secure a stud, on each of
which we apply one end of the before mentioned iron or steel bands, and also a
L Crank Lever to one end of the two said Levers we apply the other ends of the

page_text: · Brake laps or bands. We then couple the two Lever cranks by the other ends
and two rods, to a cross bar or shaft, having a Lever welded on each end some
eight or nine inches long, and which is mounted in bearings, fixed to the shafts at
the front of the Cart.
To the middle of the said cross bar or Shaft we weld another Lever, and with a
Rod or chain we connect or disconnect at will this Lever to the Body of the Cart,
and when connected by slightly tipping the Cart Body, by the previously described
arrangement the Brake is also applied.
Fig 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side view of a Waggon, and Fig 3 is
a side view of a Cart, constructed according to our invention in position for
travelling and Fig 2 is a side view of the Waggon, and Figs 4 and 5 is a side view
of the Cart when tipped.
The Body of the Waggon which is made shallower at the fore end than the
hinder end as shown, and also the Body of the Cart are suspended between the
longitudinal side pieces A on Pivots or Studs B which are secured in a strap of
iron C which is made to fit transversely under and up each side of the deep part
of the Waggon or Cart body. The said Pivots or Studs B work in bearings D
which are fixed to the longitudinal side pieces A The Bearings D are formed so
that when the Waggon or Cart Body are tilted until the underside comes in contact
with the hind Axletree, the said bearings will turn on a Joint in an upward
direction to admit of the Waggon or Cart body being tipped to a more perpen-
dicular position, and also prevent the hinder end of the Waggon or Cart Body from
touching the ground when tipped.
In Waggons the longitudinal side pieces A, are braced together at the fore end
by a Cross Piece E, and also by the cross bars F, which carry the upper front
Turntable or Locking Plate.
The shallow or fore part of the Waggon Body, is suspended or supported on the
said Turntable cross bars F.
In Carts the longitudinal side Pieces or Shafts are braced together at the fore end
by a cross piece similar to that in Waggons, the fore end of the Cart Body, being
supported between the longitudinal side Pieces or Shafts by a Cross bar O, Figs 3,
4 and 5 of Oak or other suitable Materials with projecting ends, bolted or otherwise
secured across the front of the Cart Body, the said projecting ends resting on the
longitudinal side pieces.
To the hinder end of the longitudinal Side Pieces A. are fixed the hind Springs G
or if the Waggon or Cart is not required to have Springs, Iron Stays as represented
by Fig 9 or wood Brackets Fig 10 are fixed to which is secured the Axle H.
The arrangement for opening the Doors of Waggons and Carts automatically and
simultaneously with the tipping of the Body, consists in attaching to each side of
the Door I in Figs 1 and 2 two Legs or Arms of a iron Strap J which is made in
the form of a Y, or a three legged Lever or Radial Arm, said Straps being made to
swivel on a Stud which is fixed to the inner side of the longitudinal Side Pieces A,
and being coupled at the other end with a iron Rod K, which is coupled to a
Stud L near the bottom of the hinder end of the Waggon or Cart Body, as the
Body of the Waggon or Cart is tipped, the Door rises clear away from the hinder
end of the Body.
In Figs
and 4 the Y Straps J are represented as working on a Stud fixed in the
upper Rail on each side of the Waggon or Cart, Body, a iron rod or strap M being
fixed in an upward slanting position to the hinder end of each of the longitudinal
side pieces A, which are attached at the upper end to the upper edge of each side
of the Door, and as the Body of the Waggon is tipped, the Door will rise clear away
from the hinder end of the Body as in Fig 4.
In Fig 5 the Y Strap J is shown in the form of an ordinary Lever, A straight
Rod N being coupled by one end to a Stud in the upper Rail on each side of the
Waggon or Cart body and by the other end to the upper edge of the Door, by which
the same effect is obtained as with the Y Straps J, in Figs 1 2 3 and 4.

page_text: Figs 6. 7 and 8, show the means we employ for attaching or detaching the Doors
or Tailboards to the Y straps or Radial Arms J previously described, is a Lever
which swivels on a Stud, and having a hole on each side of the stud hole by which
two Rods V¹ are coupled, Said Rods being coupled to two other Rods which is made
to slide in Staples, one to one side of the Door, and the other to the other side,
and through the projecting ends of the Y Strap J, thus as the Lever is actuated the
Door can be attached or detached to the Y Straps instantly.
Fig 8 shows the sliding parts with single ends, and Figs 6 and 7, show the
sliding parts with double ends.
The dotted lines P in all the Figs 1. 2. 3. 4 and 5, represent a middle or Division
board, which is placed across the centre of the interior of the Waggon or Cart body,
so that when soft mud is being conveyed the same is prevented from running first.
to one end and then the other of the Body, according to the irregularities of the
Roads, and in order that this Board may be opened automatically and simultaneously.
with the tipping of the Body of the Waggon or Cart and the opening of the Door
or Tailboard, The Division board P and the Door or Tailboard I are connected
together by means of a iron Rod S, one end of which is bent and secured to the
Division board P, and the other end rests in a Swivel Loop T which we fix in the
centre of the upper edge of the Tailboard or Door I and as the Tailboard or Door
rises or opens, the pressure thereby caused against the Rod S, causes the middle or,
Division board P to open also.
Figs 1. 2. 3. 4 and 5 all show our arrangement for facilitating tipping our before
described Waggon and Cart, which is also applicable to other kinds of Waggons
and Carts.
On each side of the longitudinal side Pieces previously mentioned, or on each of
the shafts in Carts, when these are formed to act as the side pieces also; near to
the fore end in Carts, and about one third from the front in Waggons we apply a
square threaded Screw Pin U, in bearings V, and W, so that the Screw Pin will be
in a slightly slanting position viz:-higher at the back end than the front, the said
screw Pins U, having at their foremost ends a Bevel or Mitre wheel X, key'd on,
and on the threaded part a nut with Lugs on Y, to the Lugs we connect one end
of a Rod Z, the other end of which reaches and is coupled to a Stud A¹, fixed near
the top of each side of the Waggon or Cart Body, immediately over the back ends
of the said Screw Pins U.
The two said Screw Pins U we cause to rotate by means of a Rod or Shaft, which
is mounted in suitable bearings to the longitudinal side pieces, A transversely across
under the shallow part of the said Waggon Body, and transversely across the front
end of the said Cart Body, said Rod or Shaft having a Bevel or Mitre Wheel B¹
which take into the Bevel or Mitre Wheels on the said Screw Pins, U.
At one or both ends of the said transverse or Cross Rod, or Shaft, we engage a
Winch Handle C¹, and by turning the same the Nuts on the Screw Pins with their
attachments, are made to traverse the screws towards the back end of the
Waggon or Cart Body, and the Rods which are attached thereto, are thus caused
to rise to a perpendicular position, and thereby tilt the Body of the Waggon or
Cart, or put the same to any desired position, and in Carts the weight may be
regulated on the Horses back, when necessary by the said arrangement.
Figs 3. 4 and 5, represent a two wheeled Cart, provided with the Wheel retarding
arrangement, herein before referred to, D' is the iron Bands with the Blocks of Wood
or other suitable material attached thereto, and which encircle the Wheel Naves.
E is the Stud on which the iron or steel Bands is applied, and also the Crank
Lever F, G is the Cross bar or Shaft which has a Lever welded on each end, and
a Lever welded on in the middle, Said Cross bar or Rod being mounted in
bearings which are fixed to the Cart Shafts or longitudinal Side Pieces A at the
front end of the Cart, H¹ is one of the Rods which couple the L Crank Levers F¹
and the cross bar G¹ together.
With a Chain or Rod J¹ which is coupled to the upper Rail at the front of the
Cart, the middle Lever on the Cross bar G¹, can be connected when necessary to

page_text: the Body of the Cart and by partially tipping the Body by the previously described
arrangement, in addition to easing the pressure on the Horses back, the Brake
bands D¹, will be caused to tighten around the Naves of the Wheels, and the
Wheels be retarded thereby.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st Constructing the Bodies of Tipping Waggons having the fore end shallower,
or about half the depth of the hinder end, substantially as herein before described.
2nd Suspending the Bodies of Tipping Waggons or Carts "between longitudinal
side Pieces or Shafts having the Springs and the Axle fitted thereto " substantially
as herein before described.
3rd The Bearings in which the Waggons or Cart Bodies are suspended, substantially
as and for the purpose herein before described.
4th The means of opening the Door or Tailboards and of the middle or Division
boards of Waggons and Carts, automatically and simultaneously with the tipping
of their Bodies, substantially as herein before described.
5th The Screw arrangement for facilitating tipping the Bodies of Waggons and
Carts, or setting the same to any desired position, substantially as herein before
described.
6th In combination with our Screw arrangement for tipping the Bodies of Carts,
we claim the application of the Brake, substantially as herein before described.
7th The means for attaching or detaching the Doors or Tailboards of Waggons
and Carts, substantially as and for the purpose berein before described.
Dated this fourth day of October 1884.