A PROCESS OF TRANSFORMING NAPHTHALINE-DI-SULPHONIC AMIDO-NAPHTHALINE-DI-SULPHONIC ACIDS INTO ACIDS AND THE MANUFACTURE FROM THESE ACIDS OF YELLOW AND OTHER DYES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clayton Mewburn of 169 Fleet Street in the City
of London Patent Agent and Consulting Engineer for an Invention of
A PROCESS OF TRANSFORMING NAPHTHALINE-DI-SULPHONIC
AMIDO-NAPHTHALINE-DI-SULPHONIC
ACIDS INTO
ACIDS AND THE MANUFACTURE FROM
THESE ACIDS OF YELLOW AND OTHER DYES communicated to him from abroad
by Louis Freund of Saint Louis, Alsace
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clayton Mewburn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1883.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer, "A PROCESS OF TRANSFORMING NAPHTHALINE-
DI-SULPHONIC ACIDS INTO AMIDO-NAPHTHALINE-DI SULPHONIC ACIDS AND THE
MANUFACTURE FROM THESE ACIDS OF YELLOW AND OTHER DYES [communicated
to him from abroad by Louis Freund of Saint Louis, Alsace]
This invention consists first in the transformation of the two naphthaline-
di-sulphonic acids which are obtained by causing sulphuric acid concentrated to
excess to react on naphthaline at a high temperature and called alpha and beta
into two amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids. Secondly in the application of
these amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids for the manufacture of dyes.
As a first material I employ: 1. Naphthaline-alpha-di-sulphonic acid or at will
a suitable salt. 2. Naphthaline-beta-di-sulphonic acid or at will a suitable salt.
3. A mixture of the naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids or of their salts in any
proportion. The two naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids are obtained very readily by
treating naphthaline with sulphuric acid concentrated to excess at a temperature of
from 160° to 200° Centigrade. The separation of these acids is advantageously
effected by salt of line. The two naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids are readily
transformed into the mono-nitrated substitution products which being submitted
to reduction give the corresponding amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids.
Example: Twenty Kilogrames (about 44 lbs) of naphthaline are heated with
100 Kilogrammes of concentrated sulphuric acid for 8 to 10 hours at 160° to 200°;

page_text: then after allowing time to cool there are added 40 Kilogrammes of nitric acid
50 per cent or the equivalent quantity of a nitrate, care being taken to avoid too
high a temperature.
After the mixture has been left at rest for some hours there are poured into it
about 200 litres (about 44 gallons) of water and the nitrated substitution products
are reduced.
By treating with milk of lime the salts of lime are obtained from the
naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids which are evaporated and employed without any
manipulation.
Instead of the raw mixture being nitrated the two naphthaline-di-sulphonic
acids may be separated and the salts of lime or salts of soda be then treated with
nitric acid or a mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid with a nitrate.
For example:-23 Kilogrammes of salt of soda.
50
25
"
"
"
"
sulphuric acid
nitric acid.
The continuation of the manufacture is carried on in the manner which has been
already explained.
These amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids or their mixtures obtained in this
manner are employed for the manufacture of dyes.
By the combination of the di-azotic compounds of the amido-naphthaline-di-
sulphonic acids with phenols, oxy-phenols, their ethers, homologues and sulpho-
conjugates, yellow up to orange dyes are obtained; with naphthols their ethers,
homologues and sulpho-conjugates and with di-oxy-naphthaline, ponceau dyes are
obtained.
Red and "Bordeaux" dyes up to brown shades are obtained by combining these
di-azotic compounds with aniline its homologues and sulpho conjugates, with
amido-azo-benzine, its homologues and sulpho-conjugates, with the two naphthyl-
amines and their sulpho-conjugates.
Again, analogous dyes are obtained by combining the diazo-derivatives of its
alkaloids named elsewhere with the amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids or their
mixtures.
Again, red-violet up to blue-violet dyes are obtained by the combination of the
diazo-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids with the secondary and tertiary bases arising
from aniline its homologues and sulpho-conjugates.
Afterwards the diazo-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids each separated or their
mixtures are transformed by boiling their acid or neutral solutions in two
naphthol-di-sulphonic acids.
The naphthol-di-sulphonic acids are transformed into orange-red or scarlet dyes
by combining them with the diazo-derivatives of aniline its homologues and
sulpho-conjugates, with the diazo-derivatives of amido-azo-benzine its homologues
and sulpho-conjugates, then with the diazo-derivatives of the two naphthylamines
and their sulpho-conjugates.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said John Clayton Mewburn in
the Patent Office on the 9th January 1884.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer "A PROCESS OF TRANSFORMING NAPHTHALINE-
DI-SULPHONIC ACIDS INTO AMIDO-NAPHTHALINE-DI-SULPHONIC ACIDS AND THE
"
MANUFACTURE FROM THESE ACIDS OF YELLOW AND OTHER DYES (A communi-
cation to me from abroad by Louis Freund of Saint Louis, Alsace)
This invention consists first in the transformation of the two naphthaline-di-
sulphonic acids which are obtained by causing concentrated sulphuric acid in excess
to re-act on naphthaline at a high temperature and are called alpha and beta into
two amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids; Secondly in the application of these
amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids for the manufacture of dyes.
As a first material I employ: 1. Naphthaline Alpha di-sulphonic acid or at will
a suitable salt. 2. Naphthaline Beta di-sulphonic acid or at will a suitable salt.
3. A mixture of the naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids or of their salts in any pro-
portion. The two naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids are obtained very readily by
treating naphthaline with concentrated sulphuric acid in excess at a temperature of
from 160° to 200° Centigrade. The separation of these acids is advantageously
effected by salts of lime. The two naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids are readily
transformed into the mono-nitrated substitution products which being submitted
to reduction give the corresponding amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids.
Example: Twenty Kilogrammes (about 44 lbs) of naphthaline are heated with
100 Kilogrammes of concentrated sulphuric acid for 8 to 10 hours at 160° to 200°;
then after allowing time to cool there are added 40 Kilogrammes of nitric acid
50 per cent or the equivalent quantity of a nitrate care being taken to avoid too
high a temperature.
After the mixture has been left at rest for some hours there are poured into it
about 200 litres (about 44 gallons) of water and the nitrated substitution products
are reduced.
By treating with milk of lime the salts of lime are obtained from the amido-
naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids which are evaporated and employed without any
manipulation.
Instead of the raw mixture being nitrated the two naphthaline-di-sulphonic
acids may be separated and the salts of lime or salts of soda be then treated with
nitric acid or a mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid with a nitrate.
For example:-23 Kilogrammes of salt of soda.
50
25
"
"
"
"
sulphuric acid,
nitric acid.
The continuation of the manufacture is carried on in the manner which has been
already explained.
These amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids or their mixtures obtained in this
manner are employed for the manufacture of dyes.
D
L
L
1:
amida naubtholin

page_text: di-azo compounds with aniline its homologues and sulpho-conjugates, with amido-
azo-benzine its homologues and sulpho-conjugates, with the two naphthylamines
and their sulpho-conjugates.
Again analogous dyes are obtained by combining the di-azo derivatives of its
alkaloids named elsewhere with the amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids or their
mixtures.
J
Again, red violet up to blue violet dyes are obtained by the combination of the
di-azo-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids with the secondary and tertiary bases arising
from aniline its homologues and sulpho-conjugates.
Afterwards the di-azo-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids each separated or their
mixtures are transformed by boiling their acid or neutral solutions in two
naphthol-di-sulphonic acids.
The naphthol-di-sulphonic acids, are transformed into orange red or scarlet dyes
by combining them with the di-ażo derivatives of aniline its homologues and
sulpho-conjugates, with the di-azo derivatives of amido-azo-benzine its homologues
and sulpho-conjugates then with the di-azo derivatives of the two naphthylamines
and their sulpho-conjugates.
Having now described the nature of the said invention as communicated to me
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-
1. Treating naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids or their salts substantially as herein-
before described so as to obtain amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic-acids.
2. The manufacture from amido-naphthaline-di-sulphonic acids of yellow and other
dyes substantially as hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof I the said John Clayton Mewburn have hereunto set my
hand and seal this ninth day of January One thousand eight hundred and eighty
four.