IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION OF COMPOSITIONS OR COATINGS TO ACT AS NONCONDUCTORS OF HEAT OR SOUND
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Charles Cortis Stanford, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Manufacturing Chemist, for an invention
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Charles Cortis
Stanford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th May
1882.
EDWARD CHARLES CORTIS STANFORD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Manufacturing Chemist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
AND APPLICATION OF COMPOSITIONS OR COATINGS TO ACT AS NONCONDUCTORS OF
HEAT OR SOUND
"
This Invention relates to compositions or coatings to be applied as non-
conductors or for diminishing the conduction of heat out of boilers, vessels, or other
enclosed spaces, in which it is desired to avoid loss of heat, or into refrigerators, or
ice houses, or vessels, or other enclosed spaces in which it is desired to maintain a
cold condition; and the improved compositions or coatings are also applicable for
preventing or diminishing the conduction of sound.
The improved compositions consist mainly of charcoal or other carbon, any cheap
variety of which may be employed or two or more kinds may be mixed when
convenient. Amongst the kinds of carbon which may be used are common coke,
wood charcoal, carbonised seaweed, peat, sawdust, and nitro-carbon manure.
Carbonaceous residues from paper works, prussiate works and oil works may also
be used. The carbon is ground to powder and then mixed into a paste with a
suitable agglutinating substance. What is known as pot-ale sediment and is a
distillery refuse answers the purpose satisfactorily and economically but other
glutinous or mucilaginous substances of a cheap kind may also be employed such

page_text: as gluten from starch works, refuse flour of sago, or of wheat or other grain, rough
dextrine refuse or cheap nitrogenous substances, and the like. These agglutinating
substances can in most cases be rendered more suitable and efficacious by treatment
with caustic or carbonated alkalies or alkaline earths.
The paste is applied to the surface to be protected or coated by means of a
trowel and by preference in two or more coats. It can be applied to boilers and
other objects in a cold state which is a great practical advantage and it adheres
closely and permanently to the boiler or other surface, and does not crack nor peel
off. It canbe used of about half the thickness of most of the nonconducting
compositions in use, so that it requires less space; and a very important advantage
is that it is quite inodorous and inoffensive.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Charles Cortis Stanford in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd November 1882.
EDWARD CHARLES CORTIS STANFORD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Manufacturing Chemist
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
AND APPLICATION OF COMPOSITIONS OR COATINGS TO ACT AS NONCONDUCTORS OF
HEAT OR SOUND
33
My said Invention relates to compositions or coatings to be applied as non-
conductors or for diminishing the conduction of heat out of boilers, vessels, or other
enclosed spaces, in which it is desired to avoid loss of heat, or into refrigerators, ice
houses, or other enclosed spaces, in which it is desired to maintain a cold condition;
and my improved compositions or coatings are also applicable for preventing or
diminishing the conduction of sound.
My improved compositions or cements consist mainly of charcoal or other carbon,
any cheap variety of which may be employed; or two or more kinds may be mixed
when convenient. Amongst the kinds of carbon which may be used are common
coke, wood charcoal, peat, sawdust, wood chips, or shavings, carbonised seaweed
and nitro-carbon manure. Carbonaceous residues from paper works, prussiate
works, and oil works may also be used, or any sufficiently cheap substance
containing a large proportion of carbon. The carbon is ground to powder and
then mixed into a paste with a suitable agglutinating substance. What is known
as pot-ale sediment and is a distillery refuse answers the purpose satisfactorily and
economically, but other glutinous or mucilaginous substances, of a cheap kind may
also be employed, such as gluten from starch works, refuse flour of sago or of
wheat or other grain, rough dextrine, refuse or cheap nitrogenous substances, and
the like. These agglutinating substances can in most cases be rendered more
suitable and efficacious by treatment with caustic or carbonated alkalies or alkaline
earths.
The proportions of the ingredients forming my improved compositions or cements
may be considerably varied in different cases; but by way of example I may state
that a very statisfactory cement is formed by combining the following quantities,
nemely

page_text: the said compositions or coatings consisting essentially of carbon or carbonaceous
material agglutinated by means of substances such as are hereinbefore specified as
to be used for that purpose.
In Witness whereof I, the said Edward Charles Cortis Stanford have hereunto
set my hand and seal this first day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty-two.
Witness-
EDMUND HUNT
Patent Agent,
Glasgow
EDW. C. C. STANFORD (L.S.)