Improvements in the Apparatus for Clipping or Shearing Animals.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Feb., 1891-Accepted, 23rd May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Apparatus for Clipping or Shearing Animals.
ALBERT MARTIN Charles Street Plumstead Kent Horse Clipper Manufacturer.
I do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for clipping or
shearing animals.
The improvements consists in keeping the top or cutting plate secured to the
under or comb plate by means of spring washers so adjusted arranged and applied
as to press the top cutting plate on to the lower plate evenly securely and with
accurately determined and self maintained pressure after once being adjusted by
the bolts which are fixed in the bottom plate and pass through the top plate so that
the machine never requires any further adjustment and cannot get off the cut until
it requires sharpening. The washers are constructed of steel or any other pliable
material. To form the washers I bend the steel nearly double so that the bottom
part bears on the cutter plate and the nut screws down on the upper surface of the
spring or washer and when adjusting the nut it forms a spring washer. In between
the surfaces it can have a piece of felt or any other substance to maintain the oil
for self lubricating.
11:00] 1 CM 1800
ALBERT MARTIN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Apparatus for Clipping or Shearing Animals.
I ALBERT MARTIN of Charles Street Plumstead in the County of Kent Horse
Clipper Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of apparatus
for clipping horses and clipping or shearing other animals.
The improvements consist in keeping the top or cutting plate secured to the
under or comb plate by means of spring washers so adjusted arranged and applied
as to press the top cutting plate on to the lower plate evenly securely and with an
accurately determined and self maintained pressure after once being adjusted by
the bolts which are fixed in the bottom plate and pass through the top plate so that
the machine never requires any further adjustment and cannot get off the cut until
it requires sharpening. The washers are constructed of steel or any other pliable
material. To form the washers I bend the steel nearly double so that the bottom
part bears on the cutter plate and the nut screws down on the upper surface of the
spring or washer and when adjusting the nut it forms a spring washer-in between
the surfaces it can have a piece of felt or any other substance to maintain the oil
for self lubricating.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood I will describe the
principles of this invention which is to get a self accurate and maintaining pressure.
1 have made many thousands of clippers with a solid brass washer for adjusting
with a bolt fixed in the bottom plate which passed up through the top plate and
answered as guide to the top plate for its to and fro motion and the solid washers
were placed on the top and screwed down with nuts and I always found it a great

page_text: difficulty in getting these two washers tightened down as it had to be done with
such great accuracy or the top plate would work very hard or too slack and it had
to be done with great accuracy to get the two washers tightened down to be of the
same pressure.
Figs. 1 and 2 represent a plan and side view respectively of a pair of horse
clippers having a book cover shaped spring.
and
Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views having a double or sugar tonged shaped spring
Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views having a finger pressure.
I wish it to be understood my improvements over these solid washers as men-
tioned above is I make a spring or flexible washer a by bending a piece of steel
near double something after the shape of a book cover and can be made the same
size as an ordinary solid washer and same thickness and in between the two
surfaces it will hold a piece of felt or any other substance to hold oil for lubricating
which is of another great importance as the hair when clipping wipes away the
oil in the ordinary washer but it cannot in my improved washer it can be screwed
down and will not require such great accuracy as the washer has a spring with it
and the nut can be screwed down and the spring will give and maintain its pressure
and cause the plate to work with greater accuracy it will not require tightening
down again until the machine requires sharpening.
I will now refer to Figs. 3 and 4 which represent another kind of spring which
takes its bearing on the edge of the toothless end of the bottom plate 6 and is long
enough to reach over on the ordinary kind of washer with this kind of spring it
does not require a nut on the pin which is fixed to the bottom plate and passes up
through the top plate c which answers to guide the top plate and hold the washer
in its place.
This spring a is a similar spring to the other mentioned but it is tightened down
by a bolt d which is fixed in the bottom plate at the rear of the top plate at the
back and with this spring overlapping the edge of the bottom plate it keeps it
square and secured when tightened down this spring is what you could call a
double spring as when it is being tightened down the bottom part of the spring
takes its pressure on the washer and with further adjusting the top part tightens
down on the washer as it is in the shape of a pair of sugar tongs with the exception
of a curve in the under part, it has a hole through it to receive a piece of felt for
lubricating.
Referring to Figs. 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawing which represents
another improvement to hold the spring washer as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 without
using the nut or pin that is fixed in the bottom plate as I find in fixing this guide
pin in the bottom plate it has a tendency to bend the plate as the plate is rather
weak with having the teeth of the clipper cut down close to the holes and with
fixing these pins in it throws it off its cut sometimes, in place of these pins I form a
finger pressure which has the guide pins fixed in them or can be made in it solid
and made the same shape as the pins and can have the washer put on it and the
protruding part will pass through the top plate and fit it loosely in the bottom plate
and this finger pressure will answer for the washer and also the guide pin for the
top plate, this finger pressure is carried back to the end of the bottom plate which
laps over the edge of the toothless end of the bottom plate and bolts screwed into
the bottom plate at the rear of the top plate and this finger pressure is screwed
down from the back with this bolt and nut when screwing this down with the finger
pressure overlapping the bottom plate it has a tendency to tighten itself between
the hole that receives the guide pin and the back of the plate as the finger pressure
is formed to act like a wedge at the back of the bottom plate which hold more
firmly.
I wish it understood that I am aware there are similar springs out for horse
clippers but I believe not the same kind I now introduce and claim to be my
improvements on the others.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is as follows-
1. The form of making a spring the shape of a book cover with its combination
of arrangement to hold the felt or any other lubricating substance.
2. The finger pressure being made with the guide pin being attached or solid
independent of fixing the guide pin in the bottom plate and the combined arrange-
ment of taking its pressure on the bottom plate to act as a wedge to keep it firm
and secure as before explained.
3. Also I claim the sugar tong shape spring making it so that both ends should
bear on the washer and the back part overlapping the edge of the bottom plate so
that it shall hold it more securely also the hole in the under part of the spring so
that a piece of felt can be inserted to hold the oil for lubricating the washer.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1891.
ALBERT MARTIN.