A New or Improved Combination Implement.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1891-Accepted, 2nd Jan., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Combination Implement.
I HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of 17 St. Ann's Square, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, M.I. Mech. E. and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, which has been communicated to me from abroad by
Abbot Augustus Low, of the City of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings, State of
New York, one of the United States of America, Gentleman, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My improvements relate to implements adapted to the various ordinary require-
ments of every day use, and the device, in which various functions are embodied is
especially adapted to be carried upon the person, although equally applicable for use
as an ordinary tool, while affording an aggregation of separate tools.
The invention consists essentially in the combination and arrangement substan-
tially as herein shown and described of several special devices in one implement, as
fully set forth in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1, is a side elevation.
Figure 2, an elevation of one edge; and Figure 3, an elevation of the other
edge of the device.
Figure 4, is a longitudinal section.
Figure 5, an elevation of the edge on which the movable guard is situated, with
the latter removed and turned over to show the groove in its under side.
Figure 6, is an clevation of the hook end of the device.
F gure 7 an elevation of the screwdriver end of the device.
Figure 8, a transverse section upon plane of line a, a, Figure 1.
Figure 9, a transverse section upon an enlarged scale, upon plane of line y, y,
Figure 1.
In the drawings the letter A, indicates the shank or body of the implement
generally, formed of a single piece of metal. One end of the shank is formed into
a hook a, which may be used either as a button hook or as a pull hook for
tightening shoe strings &c., or for any of the various uses to which button and
other hooks are applied.
What may be designated as the shank a', of the button hook extends for about
one half the length of the implement and is formed with a straight edge a², which
is adapted for use as a paper knife, envelope opener, or ruler, the blade thus formed
being preferably though not necessarily shaped in cross section.
The opposite end of the implement is formed with a wedge b, which is adapted
for use as a screw driver, the width of the wedge b, being slightly less than that of
the body A, of the implement, so as to leave rectangular shoulders b', b', upon
either side which may be utilized as push shoulders in forcing home pins &c. The
wedge is also made of a prescribed length so that the sides b², b², from the edge b³,
to the shoulders ¹, &, constitute permanent gauges.
A rectangular or other angular hole c, is formed in the shank A, preferably at
the screwdriver end as shown in the drawings for use as a wrench, the size and
shape of the socket thus formed being governed by the special work for which it
may be designed.
The interior blade or cord cutter d, is formed in the shank A, adjoining the
wedge b, and preferably with its cutting edge d', facing in the opposite direction to
that of the paper cutter a². The blade d', is virtually formed in a recess created in
the thicker portion of the shank A, the ends of the blade ending against and being

page_text: protected by the shoulders d', d³, between which however the edge d', would be
fully exposed were it not for the swinging guard e, which projects in front of it,
when closed, in a parallel direction for the greater portion of the length of the
blade.
A slot, is thus virtually formed between the guard 'e, and the edge d², of the
blade, with an entrance f¹, between the point e', of the guard and the shoulder d³,
the space, admitting of the entrance of cord &c., to be severed by the edge d¹,
without exposing the latter to accidental extraneous objects.
When the guard e, is closed as shown in the drawings, its point el, is also being
within line of the shoulder d³, largely protected thereby while the space f¹, admits
of the convenient use of the point e', as a nail cleaner.
In order that the guard e, may be swung out of the way when it is desired to
employ the sharp edge d', of the blade d, for cutting in any of the various uses to
which the blades of pocket knives are applied, I pivot the said guard, at e², to the
edge of the shank A. The means for holding the guard e, parallel to the shank A,
in either the opened or closed positions are novel and effective, while avoiding all
unevenness or protuberance.
A groove g, is formed in the edge of the shank A, in which a double spring /, is
situated, both ends, projecting, when free, slightly beyond the edges of the
groove g. A corresponding groove e³, is formed in the under side of the guard e, at
its rear extremity into which either one end or the other of the spring, snaps
when the guard is turned parallel to the shank in either one direction or the other
as the case may be.
The guard e, may be of such length and so pivoted to the shank A, that when
the guard is opened it will project outward beyond the hook a, a sufficient distance
to permit of the point e¹, being used as a brad, graver, burring tool or for other
similar purpose and the point e¹, may be variously formed as may be preferred, for
special uses of this kind.
The blade d, instead of having a sharp straight knife edge may be formed with
saw teeth, or a file or other preferred form of tool may be substituted.
In the face of the shoulder b', a slight recess or depression, is formed adapted
to receive the head of a pin or similar article and to assist in holding and steadying
it while it is being driven or forced forward into or through an article or
articles.
On the other side of the wedge, in the shoulder b, a socket 6, is formed of
suitable size and depth to receive and hold, by frictional contact, the shanks of any
of a series of interchangeable tools, such as gimlet points, brads, gouges, cutting or
etching tools,,gravers, burrows &c., the shank A, being used as an ever ready and
convenient handle.
The wrench.c, instead of being closed as shown may be made in the form of an
open wrench in the side of the wedge 63. In any case it affords a convenient means
for tightening the strings of musical instruments in turning, and like purposes.
Figure 10, is a side elevation of a modified form of my improved implement, the
entrance to the cutting blade being closed.
Figure 11, is an elevation of one edge of the same.
Figure 12, an elevation of the opposite edge of the implement.
Figure 13, an elevation of the implement similar to Figure 10, showing the
cutting blade fully exposed.
Figure 14, is a longitudinal section upon an enlarged scale, of the main portion
of the implement.
Figure 15, is an elevation of one end of the device on the enlarged scale.
A new feature consists in forming the wide flat back c, of the paper cutter a²,
with a file surface F, as indicated more clearly in Figure 11. Arranged in this
position the file is especially convenient for use as, a nail file or for most of the
general or special uses to which files are applied.
The combined wedge and screw driver b, is, formed with a,V shaped slot or
nick which, adapts this end of the implement for use as a lever in starting and

page_text: raising drawing pins, tacks &c.,-the wedge shape facilitating the insertion of the
claw underneath the article to be raised or loosened.
The interior blade d, is provided with the parallel guard e, extending for the
greater portion of the length of the cutting edge d. This guard e, may be made
solid and rigid with the body A, of the implement if desired, although I prefer to
employ the form of pivoted swinging guard herein before referred to.
When the guard e, is closed, as shown in Figures 10, 11 and 14, and the
adjustable shield S, is retracted as shown in Figure 14, its point e¹, may be
conveniently used as a nail cleaner and for like purposes.
The shield S, consists essentially in an adjustable device for either closing the
entrance slot, to the space, or for regulating the width of said opening.
As shown in the drawings it consists of a screw S', travelling longitudinally with
relation to the body of the implement in a female screw threads, formed in the
shoulder, adjoining the end of the blade d. The head or flange s², of the screw,
when the latter is adjusted to close the entrance f', meets the pointed end e', of the
guarde, and protects the latter from engagement with exterior objects. By the
use of the flange or head s², in this manner, I am enabled to keep the projection of
the shoulder, in which the female screw s, is formed, within the line of the outer
edge of the guard e, and thus preserve the symmetry of the device as a whole.
Otherwise the screw might be arranged if preferred with its longitudinal axis in
line with the point e', the head s², being upon the opposite end of the screw.beyond
the shoulder .
The head or flange ², is in any case preferably milled or roughened in order
to facilitate the adjustment of the screw by frictional contact, by which means
the screw may be quickly and conveniently rotated to either open or close the
entrance f¹.
In the modification shown in the following figures,
Figure 16, is a side elevation of my improved implement, the entrance to the
cutting blade being closed.
Figure 17, is an elevation of one edge of the same, with the entrance to the
cutting blade open.
Figure 18, an elevation of the opposite edge of the implement.
Figure 19, is an elevation similar to Figure 16, showing the knife guard swung
back and the shield retracted.
Figure 20, is a side elevation of one end of the implement upon an enlarged
scale.
Figure 21, a transverse section upon plane of line e, a¹, Figure 20.
Figure 22, an isometrical view of the protector removed.
Figure 23, a view similar to Figure 21, showing a modification in the form and
arrangement of the frictional clamp for holding the sliding protector against
unintentional movement in either direction.
Figure 24, is an elevation upon an enlarged scale, of the cutting blade and
adjoining portions of the implement, showing the sliding shield arranged axially
with relation to the point of the parallel guard.
Figure 25, is a sectional view showing the slide locked against longitudinal
movement.
Figure 26, a similar view showing the slide unlocked.
The shield S, consists essentially in an adjustable slide for either. closing the
entrance, to the space f, or for regulating the width of said opening. As shown
in the drawings it consists of a bar or pin S, travelling longitudinally with relation
to the body of the impleinent in a socket ³, formed in the shoulder b', adjoining
the end of the blade d. The head or flange s², of the slide S, when the latter is
adjusted to close the entrance f¹, meets the pointed end e¹, of the guard e, and
protects the latter from engagement with exterior objects.
When the slide is designed to be used as a detachable shield S, as indicated in
Figure 21, I prefer to arrange it axially with relation to the point e', of the parallel
guard e, as illustrated in Figure 23, so that the point of contact between them will

page_text: a pointed projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous uses, and an
adjustable shield for protecting the point of the said projection when not in use,
substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Twelfthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination of
a pointed spur or projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous
uses, and a screw shield for protecting the point of the said projection when not in
use consisting of a screw arranged adjustably upon the device opposite the said
pointed end of the nail cleaner &c., for the purpose and substantially in the manner
described.
Thirteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, the parallel guard e, extending in front of the
blade d, for the portion of its length, and the screw shield S, arranged and operating
substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, a swinging guard e, formed with the point e', and
the screw S, arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described.
Fifteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the wedge shaped
end, formed with the notch e, for the purpose and substantially in the manner
described.
Sixteenthly. The combination in a single implement of the blade a', formed
with the hook a, cutting edge a, and file F, the interior blade d, wedge shaped
end b, formed with the notch e, and adjustable shield S, the whole arranged and
operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Seventeenthly. The combination in a single implement of the blade a', formed
with the hook a, cutting edge a², and file F, the interior blade d, countersunk in
the shank A, the wedge shaped end b, formed with the notch the swinging
guard e, formed with the point e', and the screw S, arranged and operating
substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Eighteenthly. The combination with a cutting edge, of a parallel guard extending
in front thereof for a portion of the length of the blade and an adjustable slide for
protecting the remaining portion of the blade, substantially in the manner and for
the purpose set forth.
Nineteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of a pointed projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous uses, and
an adjustable slide for protecting the point of the said projection when not in use,
said slide being held by frictional contact augmented by spring pressure, sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Twentiethly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of a pointed spur or projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous
uses, and a shield for protecting the point of the said projection when not in use
consisting of a slide arranged adjustably upon the device opposite and with relation
to the said pointed end of the nail cleaner &c. for the purpose and substantially in
the manner described.
Twenty-first. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, the parallel guard e, extending in front of the
blade d, for a portion of its length, and the sliding shield $, and clamp N, arranged
and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty-second. In an implement substantially such as described, the com-
bination, of the interior cutting blade d, a swinging guard e, formed with the
point e, and the slide S, and clamp N, arranged and operating substantially in the
manner and for the purpose described.
Twenty-third. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, parallel guard e, slide S, clamp N, and screw 0,
arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Twenty-fourth. In an implement substantially such as described, the com-
bination of the interior blade d, parallel guard e, slide S, formed with the notches,

page_text: raising drawing pins, tacks &c., the wedge shape facilitating the insertion of the
claw underneath the article to be raised or loosened.
The interior blade d, is provided with the parallel guard e, extending for the
greater portion of the length of the cutting edge d. This guard e, may be made
solid and rigid with the body A, of the implement if desired, although I prefer to
employ the form of pivoted swinging guard hereinbefore referred to.
When the guard e, is closed, as shown in Figures 10, 11 and 14, and the
adjustable shield S, is retracted as shown in Figure 14, its point e¹, may be
conveniently used as a nail cleaner and for like purposes.
The shield S, consists essentially in an adjustable device for either closing the
entrance slot, to the space, or for regulating the width of said opening.
As shown in the drawings it consists of a screw S1, travelling longitudinally with
relation to the body of the implement in a female screw thread s, formed in the
shoulder, adjoining the end of the blade d. The head or flange s², of the screw,
when the latter is adjusted to close the entrance f¹, meets the pointed end e¹, of the
guard e, and protects the latter from engagement with exterior objects. By the
use of the flange or head s, in this manner, I am enabled to keep the projection of
the shoulder, in which the female screw s, is formed, within the line of the outer
edge of the guard e, and thus preserve the symmetry of the device as a whole.
Otherwise the screw might be arranged if preferred with its longitudinal axis in
line with the point e', the head s², being upon the opposite end of the screw beyond
the shoulder ¹.
The head or flange s2, is in any case preferably milled or roughened in order
to facilitate the adjustment of the screw by frictional contact, by which means
the screw may be quickly and conveniently rotated to either open or close the
entrance f¹.
In the modification shown in the following figures,
Figure 16, is a side elevation of my improved implement, the entrance to the
cutting blade being closed.
Figure 17, is an elevation of one edge of the same, with the entrance to the
cutting blade open.
Figure 18, an elevation of the opposite edge of the implement.
Figure 19, is an elevation similar to Figure 16, showing the knife guard swung
back and the shield retracted.
1
Figure 20, is a side elevation of one end of the implement upon an enlarged
scale.
Figure 21, a transverse section upon plane of line a¹, ¹, Figure 20.
Figure 22, an isometrical view of the protector removed.
Figure 23, a view similar to Figure 21, showing a modification in the form and
arrangement of the frictional clamp for holding the sliding protector against
unintentional movement in either direction.
Figure 24, is an elevation upon an enlarged scale, of the cutting blade and
adjoining portions of the implement, showing the sliding shield arranged axially
with relation to the point of the parallel guard.
Figure 25, is a sectional view showing the slide locked against longitudinal
movement.
Figure 26, a similar view showing the slide unlocked.
The shield S, consists essentially in an adjustable slide for either. closing the
entrance, to the space, or for regulating the width of said opening. As shown
in the drawings it consists of a bar or pin S₁, travelling longitudinally with relation
to the body of the implement in a socket s³, formed in the shoulder b', adjoining
the end of the blade d. The head or flange s³, of the slide S, when the latter is
adjusted to close the entrance f¹, meets the pointed end e¹, of the guard e, and
protects the latter from engagement with exterior objects.
When the slide is designed to be used as a detachable shield S, as indicated in
Figure 21, I prefer to arrange it axially with relation to the point e', of the parallel
guard e, as illustrated in Figure 23, so that the point of contact between them will

page_text: always be the same and central. By this means the integrity of the intaglio or
cameo designs, formed upon or in the face of the head or annular flange s², will
always be maintained in so far at least as the point e', of the guard e, is concerned.
Otherwise when the seal is not employed the flange or head s² enables me to
keep the projection or shoulder, in which the socket, is formed within the line
of the outer edge of the guard e, and to thus preserve the symmetry of the device
as a whole since the axial line of the slide S, may be arranged below or within the
line of the outer edge of the guard e, as shown in Figures 16 to 23, in which case
the width and annular form of the flange or head s2, always insures a contact of the
slide S, with the point of the guard e, when the slide S, is forced inward to close
the opening f'.
The slide S, is held in any required position with relation to the point e', of the
guard e, by frictional contact augmented and regulated by the pressure of a
clamp N. This clamp N, is preferably in the form of a spring arranged substantially
as shown in Figures 20 and 21, in which it will be seen that the butt of the spring
is attached to a screw O, which is adjustable within the tapped female screw
thread P, by which means the pressure of the upper end n, of the clamp N, against
the side of the pin or bar S', may be varied.
In Figure 23, the clamp N, consists of a concave faced bearing piece which is
pressed against the under side of the slide S, with a greater or less degree of
pressure by the set screw O.
In either case the object is to create sufficient frictional contact with the slide S,
to hold the latter against unintentional movement in either direction longitudinally,
while allowing it to be pushed back and forth by hand with comparative ease and
rapidity.
In order to more effectually guard against unintentional longitudinal movement,
I form the cylindrical rod or bar S', on one side with slight depressions, which
coincide with and receive the clamp N, when the slide S, is either fully advanced
or retracted. Thus when the slide is in either extreme position, by turning it
partially upon its longitudinal axis, it may be locked or released, as will be under-
stood by reference to the diagrams 25 and 26.
In the drawings illustrating still another modification of my invention
Figure 27, is an elevation of one side of my improved combined implement, and
Figure 28, a similar view of the opposite side thereof.
Figure 29, is an elevation of one edge of the device, and
Figure 30, a similar view of the opposite edge thereof.
Figure 31, is an elevation of the hook end of the implement; and
Figure 32, an end elevation of the opposite end of the device.
Figure 33, is a transverse section upon plane of line a, a, Figure 34.
Figure 34, is a longitudinal central section, on plane of line y', y', Figure 32, of
the major portion of the device, the hook end being shown as broken away.
Figure 35, is an end elevation of the cutting blade end of the device, showing the
point guard swung back exposing the point of the parallel guard ready for use.
The interior blade d, is formed in the usual way except that its outer end is not
enclosed as heretofore. Instead the cutting edge d', extends the whole length of
the inner edge of the blade, and a free open entrance, is left to the longitudinal
cutting slot.
The blade d, is shaped in cross section, its back or spine ³, being com-
paratively thick to impart strength and rigidity to the blade. I reduce the outer
end of the blade d, in thickness for a short distance, to form the wedge shaped
extremity. This leaves a shoulder d, through which I bore a recess or socket d',
extending longitudinally backward into the spine d³, of the blade.
The wedge shaped end b, not only permits of the insertion of the end of the blade
between bindings &c., so that they may be severed by the cutting edge, but also
performs the functions of a wedge, screw driver &c., as heretofore provided by me
in this class of implements by a large shouldered head upon the end of the blade,
the main distinction in this respect consisting in forming the wedge directly in the

page_text: end of the Diade itself, so that the cutting cage a, may be numized in conjunction
therewith as above set forth.
The point shield consists of a movable section S, which may be adjusted over, or
retracted from the point e', of the guard e. This adjustment or retraction may be
provided for in various ways, as by making the section S, to slide back and forth
longitudinally upon the outer edge of the guard, to be held stationary in either
position by a set, screw or equivalent device.
I prefer however to employ the construction shown in Figures 27 to 35, in which
the section or shield S, is pivoted to the outer edge of the guard e, adjoining its
point, by a screw, the head of which is countersunk within the body of the
shield S. A recess under the shield S, contains a spring, the end of which
engages with a corresponding recess s" formed in the under side of the shield S,
when the latter is adjusted to the shield point e', of the guard e. The outer end of
the shield S, is preferably formed with a disc shaped extension, or with other
suitable configuration adapted to shield the point e¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
First. In a combination implement substantially such as described, a single piece
of metal formed into the shank A, hook a, exterior cutting edge a², interior blade d,
and wedge b, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Secondly. In a combination implement substantially such as described, a single
piece of metal formed into the shank A, hook a, at one end, and the wedge, and
one or more shoulders, at the other, substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described.
Thirdly. In a combination implement substantially such as described, a single
piece of metal formed with the shank A, hook a, at one end, and wedge b, at
the other, with the exterior cutting blade d, on the other, and with the wrench
hole c, adjoining the wedge b, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
described.
Fourthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination with
the interior blade d, of a movable guard e, arranged and operating substantially in
the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fifthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination with
the shank A., formed with the hook a, wedge b, and interior blade d, of the pivoted
guard e, arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose
set forth.
Sixthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination with
the shank A, formed with the hook a, wedge, and interior blade d, of the pivot
guard e, formed with the point e', for the purpose and substantially in the manner
described.
Seventhly. In an implement substantially such as described, the shank A, formed
with the interior blade d, and recess g, in combination with the pivot e², spring h,
and guard e, formed with the recess e³, substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described.
Eighthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the shank A, formed
with the hook a, wedge b, and shoulders, having the recess, for the purpose and
substantially in the manner described.
Ninthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the shank A, formed
with the look a, and wedge b, shoulders, and socket ', for the purpose and
substantially in the manner described.
Tenthly. The combination with a cutting edge, of a parallel guard extending in
front thereof for a portion of the length of the blade, and an adjustable shield for
protecting the remaining portion of the blade, substantially in the manner and for
the purpose set forth.
Eleventhly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination of

page_text: a pointed projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous uses, and an
adjustable shield for protecting the point of the said projection when not in use,
substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Twelfthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination of
a pointed spur or projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous
uses, and a screw shield for protecting the point of the said projection when not in
use consisting of a screw arranged adjustably upon the device opposite the said
pointed end of the nail cleaner &c., for the purpose and substantially in the manner
described.
Thirteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, the parallel guard e, extending in front of the
blade d, for the portion of its length, and the screw shield S, arranged and operating
substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, a swinging guard e, formed with the point e', and
the screw S, arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described.
Fifteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the wedge shaped
end 6, formed with the notch e, for the purpose and substantially in the manner
described.
Sixteenthly. The combination in a single implement of the blade a', formed
with the hook a, cutting edge «², and file F, the interior blade d, wedge shaped
end b, formed with the notch e, and adjustable shield S, the whole arranged and
operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Seventeenthly. The combination in a single implement of the blade a', formed
with the hook a, cutting edge a, and file F, the interior blade d, countersunk in
the shank A, the wedge shaped end, formed with the notch_e, the swinging
guard e, formed with the point e', and the screw S, arranged and operating
substantially in the manner and for the. purpose described.
Eighteenthly. The combination with a cutting edge, of a parallel guard extending
in front thereof for a portion of the length of the blade and an adjustable slide for
protecting the remaining portion of the blade, substantially in the manner and for
the purpose set forth.
Nineteenthly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of a pointed projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous uses, and
an adjustable slide for protecting the point of the said projection when not in use,
said slide being held by frictional contact augmented by spring pressure, sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Twentiethly. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of a pointed spur or projection adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogons
uses, and a shield for protecting the point of the said projection when not in use
consisting of a slide arranged adjustably upon the device opposite and with relation
to the said pointed end of the nail cleaner &c. for the purpose and substantially in
the manner described.
Twenty-first. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, the parallel guard e, extending in front of the
blade d, for a portion of its length, and the sliding shield S, and clamp N, arranged
and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty-second. In an implement substantially such as described, the com-
bination, of the interior cutting blade d, a swinging guard e, formed with the
point e, and the slide S, and clamp N, arranged and operating substantially in the
inanner and for the purpose described.
Twenty-third. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the interior cutting blade d, parallel guard e, slide S, clamp N, and screw O,
arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Twenty-fourth. In an implement substantially such as described, the com-
bination of the interior blade d, parallel guard e, slide S, formed with the notches **,

page_text: and the clamp N, and screw O, arranged and operating substantially in the manner
and for the purpose described.
Twenty-fifth. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
with the interior blade d, and parallel guard e, of the slide S, having the flanged
head formed as a seal substantially in the manner and for the purpose
described.
Twenty-sixth. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
with the shank A, of the pointed arm e, adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for
analogous uses, and the extension piece S, attached to the pointed arm e, in such
manner that it may be adjusted over or away from the point of the arm e, sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Twenty-seventh. In an implement substantially such as herein shown, the
combination with the shank A, of the pointed arm e, pivotally attached to the
shank A, and adapted for use as a nail cleaner and for analogous uses, and the
extension piece S, pivotally attached to the said arm e, and adapted to be swung
over or away from the point of the said arm e, for the purpose and substantially in
the manner described.
Twenty-eighth. In an implement substantially such as described the combination
with the shank A, and pointed arm e, formed with the recess ", of the swinging
shield S, pivots, spring, the whole arranged and operating substantially in the
manner and for the purpose described.
Twenty-ninth. In an implement substantially such as described, the combination
of the shank A, with the interior cutting blade or arm d, formed with its cutting
edge d', extending the whole length of said arm d, and formed with shoulder do, and
socket ', the portion a', formed with the cutting edge a, and hook a, and the
pointed arm e, and swinging guard S, the whole constructed and arranged sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Dated this 30th day of November 1891.
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.