IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KILNS FOR BURNING OR CALCINING CEMENT, CHALK, LIMESTONE, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES REQUIRING SUCH PROCESS, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF THE HEAT ARISING THEREFROM TO THE GENE- RATION OF STEAM
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JAMES
LAMB, of Kingsland, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and JOSEPH
MENDAY, of the same place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-third day of October, in the sixteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Lamb and Joseph Menday, Her especial license, full power, solo.
privilege and authority, that we, the said James Lamb and Joseph Menday,.
our exors, adiiors, and assigns, and such others as we, the said James Lamb
and Joseph Menday, our exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein. mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KILNS FOR BURNING OR
CALCINING CEMENT, CHALK, LIMESTONE, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES REQUIRING SUCH
PROCESS, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF THE HEAT ARISING THEREFROM TO THE GENE-
RATION OF STEAM;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging
us, the said James Lamb and Joseph Menday, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, particu-
Jarly to describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in
Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear,

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
James Lamb and Joseph Menday, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
It is well known that in the calcination of cement, stone, chalk, lime, and
other similar substances in kilns, very great heat is required, and, in conse-
quence of the immense mass of fire that exists in the interior of the kiln, the
sides or walls of the kiln become highly heated. A great portion of this heat
usually escapes by radiation externally from the sides of the kiln, and there-
fore becomes wasted. The principal object of the present Invention is, to
absorb and utilize this heat, and prevent it from being wasted. To effect this
object, we propose in constructing kilns to adapt to that part of the kiln where
the greatest heat always exists an annular water chamber or water wall,
which will be built into the brickwork. It will thus form an annular cham-
ber which will surround the highly heated materials in the kiln, and, being
supplied with water in any convenient manner, a large quantity of steam
will be generated by the heat of the kiln, and may be applied to work
an engine, or used for any other purposes for which it may be required.
This water chamber or boiler may be constructed either of copper or iron, and
is surrounded by a flue, in which the caloric from the heated mass of materials
in the centre may circulate; or, if required, heat from an additional furnace
may be conducted into this flue for the purpose of maintaining the steam at a
uniform temperature. The rapid generation of steam may be considerably
assisted by constructing tubular flues, which may pass from the interior
through the water chamber to the flue which surrounds the latter, or in place
of tubular flues, a series of water pipes may be extended across the kiln from
one side of the annular water chamber to the other. Instead of carrying
these horizontal pipes from side to side of the kiln, they may meet in a large
vertical pipe or boiler set in the centre of the kiln, which central boiler may
have branch connections with the top or steam space of the annular water
chamber. In order, however, that our improvements may be more clearly
understood, we have shewn in the accompanying Drawing various views of the
best methods with which we are at present acquainted for carrying the same
into effect.
Fig. 1 is a plan or top view, as seen from above, of an ordinary cement
kiln with our improvements adapted thereto; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of
the same; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section; and Fig. 4 is another vertical

page_text: .
section, taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 3. The wall of the kiln is constructed
principally of brickwork, as shewn at d, d, d, d, and is built as usual in the form
of an inverted truncated cone, having an open top. The cement, stone, or
other material is thrown in from above, and as it becomes calcined by the heat
it is drawn away from the lower part through the openings b, b. The annular
water chamber or. boiler is shewn at c, c. It is surrounded by a fluc d, and is
provided with a manhole e, and safety valves f,f. A series of horizontal tubes
9, 9, extend across the kiln, for the purpose of causing the water to circulate
freely throughout the chamber. The steam generated in the boiler c, c, is
conducted through the pipe h to any place where-it may be required to drive
an engine. A small furnace i, i, Figures 3 and 4, which we denominate the
"regulator," is adapted to the kiln, for the purpose of regulating the pressure
of the steam and maintaining it at a given (point. This furnace is of small
dimensions, and communicates directly with the annular flue d, which
surrounds the water chamber or boiler and terminates in the chimney j.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a modification of the above-described arrange-
ment. In this instance the external additional furnace or regulator i, i, is
dispensed with, and in lieu thereof a small vertical boiler *, *, is mounted on
brickwork in the centre of the kiln, where it will be surrounded by an intense
heat, the horizontal pipes g, g, extending from the sides of the annular water
chamber c, c, terminate in this central vertical boiler, instead of passing directly
across the kiln, as in the former instance. As similar letters of reference are
marked on this and the preceding figures, no further or more description will
be required.
Having now described our Invention of Improvements in the Construction
of Kilns for Burning or Calcining Cement, and other Materials requiring such
a Process, and the best means with which we are at present acquainted for
carrying the same into effect, we claim in conclusion, constructing kilns for
burning or calcining cement, stone, chalk, limestone, and other substances
requiring such process in the manner described, so that by the adaptation of a
water chamber or boiler thereto steam may be generated by the waste heat
arising from such calcining or burning process, and be employed for any
purpose for which it may be required.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Lamb and Joseph Monday, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-second day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
JAMES (L.S.) LAMB.
JOSEPH (L.s.) MENDAY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of April, in
the year of our Lord 1853, the aforesaid James Lamb and Joseph Menday
came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged
the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was 5
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.