Improvements in the Manufacture of Tufted Pile Fabrics, and in Machinery employed therein.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1894-Accepted, 1st Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tufted Pile Fabrics, and in
Machinery employed therein.
I, WILLIAM ADAM, of the Firm of Tomkinson and Adam, of Kidderminster,
in the County of Worcester, Carpet and Rug Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows
The invention has for its object an improved method of working whereby the
tufts of yarn, when turned up above the surface of the warp, are held in their
required upward position until they are properly secured in the work.
Hitherto the comb which is used to turn up the tufts of yarn above the surface
of the warp has been allowed to drop, in order to free it from the knock of the
reed, when the first shot of weft is put in, and it has been found that by this
method of working the tufts are apt to fall flat on a line with the warp, and in
such case the reed, in coming forward, has a tendency to strike against the ends
of the tufts, thereby causing the surface of the carpet to be irregular.
In order to remedy this defect, I, according to my invention, when the comb
has turned up the tufts of yarn and the first shot of weft has been put in, do not
allow the comb to drop but keep it in its upward position and, in order to save
the comb from the blow of the reed, I limit the forward motion of the latter to,
say, within from a quarter to half an inch from the face of the work, thereby
keeping the comb free from the reed and allowing ample space for the comb to
drop after the second shot of weft is put in; then, when the reed is coming
forward after the second shot, the comb is caused to drop out of the way of the
reed and the two shots are knocked up together.
In carrying my invention into effect alter the beating up mechanism so that
the reed is not allowed to go to its full forward motion immediately after the
first shot of weft has been inserted, but is allowed to do so after each of the other
shots, and I so modify the mechanism giving motion to the comb that it shall
remain in its upward position until after the second shot of weft has been put in,
when it is caused to drop to permit of the reed coming freely and fully forward to
knock up the work.
Dated this 21st das of October 1893.
WILLIAM ADAM,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tufted Pile Fabrics, and in
Machinery employed therein.
I, WILLIAM ADAM, of the Firm of Tomkinson and Adam, of Kidderminster,
in the County of Worcester, Carpet and Rug Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention has for its object an improved method of working looms for the
manufacture of tufted pile fabrics, whereby the tufts of pile yarn, when turned up
above the surface of the warp, are held in their required upward position until
they are properly secured in the work.

page_text: In my Provisional Specification, when speaking of the first and second shots of
weft or filling being put in, such numbering of the shots referred to those put in
after the tufts of pile yarn had been turned up by the comb, but in the present
description I refer to the series of shots of weft or filling in the order in which
they are inserted for each row of tufts, that is to say, the first shot is that which
is inserted after the tufts have been passed through the warp, but before they are
turned up, and the second and third shots are those which follow the turning or
combing up of the tufts, and are those spoken of in my Provisional Specification
as shots one and two.
I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings which
represent parts of what is known as a "three shot" Royal Axminster power loom,
and in which :-
Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of parts showing the apparatus for giving
motion to the reed or slay, the full lines representing the old arrangement and the
dotted lines my improved arrangement.
Figure 2 is a vertical cross section of parts showing the apparatus for giving
the rising and falling motion to the comb used to turn the tufts of pile yarn up
above the surface of the warps, the full lines representing the old arrangement and
the dotted lines my improved arrangement.
Figure 3 is a full size section of parts showing the relative position, prior to my
invention, of the combs and reed-or slay with the second shot of weft or filling
put in, that is to say, the first shot after the turning or combing up of the tufts.
Figure 4 is a full size section of parts showing the relative position, when
working according to my invention, of the combs and reed or slay with the second
shot of weft or filling put in, that is to say, the first shot after the combing up of
the tufts.
·
Figure 5 is a full size section of parts showing the relative position, prior to my
invention, of the combs and reed or slay with the third shot of weft or filling put
in, that is to say, the second shot after the turning or combing up of the
tufts, and
Figure 6 is a full size section of parts showing the relative position, when
working according to my invention, of the combs and reed or slay when the
third shot of weft or filling has been put in, that is to say, the second shot after the
turning or combing up of the tufts, the reed or slay being in the act of beating up
the second and third shots together.
a is the machine framing, b is the cam shaft, c is the reed or slay, which is
supported by arms o' fixed to a rock shaft c², to which an arm c³ is also fixed.
To this arm is connected one end of a spring c and one end of a connecting
rod c, the other end of which latter is connected to a lever c, to which motion
is given by the cam c². d d are the combs used to turn up the ends of the tufting
yarns above the warp; these combs are constructed and operated generally in
similar manner to that described in the Specification of Patent granted to ne
No. 17678 of the year 1888. To give the rising and falling motion to such
combs, they are connected by a link d² to the arm d³ of a crank lever d³ ³
mounted on the shaft d and the arm 5 by connecting rod de is connected to a
lever d' operated by the cam d³, a spring d being also connected to the lever d³
to act upon the combs d d' in a contrary direction to the cam d³. e is one of the
tufting spools with its frame and set of nozzles or tubes, which are carried and
operated in the manner now well known.
The parts above referred to, being well known form no part of my present
invention, except so far as the modifications hereinafter described are concerned.
Hitherto the comb d, which is used to turu up the tufts of pile yarn above the
surface of the warp, has been allowed to drop in order to free it from the knock
of the reed or slay c when the second shot of weft is put in, that is to say, the
first after the turning up of the tufts, and it has been found that by this method
of working the tufts are apt to fall flat on a line or thereabouts with the warp,
and in such case the reed or slay e, in coming forward, has a tendency to strike

page_text: against the ends of the tufts, thereby causing the surface of the carpet or fabric to
be irregular.
In order to remedy this defect, I, according to my invention, when the comb d
has turned up the tufts of yarn and the second shot of weft or filling has been
put in, that is to say, the first shot after the turning up of the tufts, do not allow
the comb d to drop as shown at Figure 3, but keep it in its upward position as
shown at Figure 4, for which purpose I extend the rise on the cam d³, as shown by
the dotted lines d* Figure 2, and, in order to save the comb d from the blow of
the reed or slay c, 1 limit the forward motion of the latter to, say, within from a
quarter to half an inch from the face of the work, thereby keeping the comb d
free from the reed or slay c and allowing ample space for the comb d to drop after
the third shot of weft is put in, that is to say, the second shot of weft after the
turning up of the tufts; then when the reed is coming forward after said third
shot, the comb d is caused to drop out of the way of the reed or slay c. For this
purpose the rise No. 2 on the cam c' is reduced in height as shown by the dotted
lines in Figure 1, whilst the rises 1 and 3 are of the full height hitherto in use;
by this construction of cam the rises 1 and 3 (corresponding with shots I and 3)
will cause the reed or slay c to receive its full forward motion, whilst rise No. 2
will cause the reed or slay e to move a less distance forward, by which means
rise No. 1 of the cam will knock or beat up No. 1 shot fully home, No. 2 rise
will carry forward No. 2 shot a certain distance but short of its ultimate position,
and No. 3 rise will fully knock or beat up both shots Nos. 2 and 3 together.
It will be readily understood that my invention is equally applicable to fabrics
and looms having other numbers of shots of weft or filling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in the manufacture of tufted pile fabrics whereby the
tufts of pile yarn, when turned up above the surface of the warp, are held in their
required upward position until after the second and third shots have been put in,
substantially as herein described.
2. In machinery employed in the manufacture of tufted pile fabrics as herein
described, the application thereto of means to retain the comb in its upward
position until after the third shot of weft has been put in, and of means for
limiting the forward motion of the slay or reed when the second shot has been
put in, the said comb being lowered after the third shot has been put in, and the
reed or slay being caused to be moved fully forward after the first and third shots
have been put in substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
3. The improvements in the manufacture of tufted pile fabrics, and in
machinery, employed therein substantially as herein described and for the purpose
stated.