I'm PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKED AXLES AND SHAFTS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, FC, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "I'm
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKED AXLES AND SHAFTS."-A
communication from Messieurs Russery, Lacombe, and Co., residing at
Rive de Gier, France.
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKED AXLES AND SHAFTS."-A
communication from Messieurs Russery, Lacombe, and Co., residing at
Rive de Gier, France.
Sealed the 3rd June 1859, and dated the 13th December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 13th December 1858.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKED AXLES AND
SHAFTS," (communicated to me by Messieurs Russery, Lacombe, & Co.,
residing at Rive de Gier, France,) to be as follows:—
This Invention is for improvements upon one communicated to me by
M. Russery, and for which Letters Patent for Great Britain, dated 6th
November 1856, were granted to me. The improvements consist in forming
the cranks with or without the welding on of additional metal to the bar
which is to form the cranked axle or shaft, as hereafter explained.
1st, to form the crank or cranks without welding on additional metal.
The bar having been formed in the manner stated in the Specification of the
Patent above recited, is brought to a welding heat, and that part intended
to form the crank is placed over a matrix or mould with a piece rising in
the centre. A die of a shape corresponding to that of the mould is then
driven down by a forge or steam bammer, whereby that portion of the bar

page_text: which is between the moulds will be bent, the fibre of the metal running
parallel or nearly parallel with the curves of the surfaces. In order further
to prepare the bent part to form the crank, it is again brought to a welding
heat, placed in another mould, and forced against the sides thereof by a tool
placed in the hollow of the bend, and driven by a hammer as before. The
crank is finished by being again brought to a welding heat, and driven by
means of a forge or steam hammer between horizontal dies, as explained in
the Specification of the Patent before referred to.
2nd, to form the crank by means of an additional piece of metal :-The
bar having been prepared as first described, is forged with a slight projection,
the sides of which are thinned off, and a suitably shaped piece for forming
the crank is welded thereon. The crank is then finished by means of moulds
and dies under a forge or steam hammer, as before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, E.C.,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CRANKED AXLES AND SHAFTS," (a communication from Messieurs
Russery, Lacombe, & Co., residing at Rive de Gier, France,) upon the con-
dition (amongst others), that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain

page_text: the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention is for improvements upon one communicated to me by
M. Russery, and for which Letters Patent for Great Britain, dated 6th
November 1856, were granted to me. The improvements consist in forming
the cranks with or without the welding on of additional metal to the bar
which is to form the cranked axle or shaft, as hereafter explained.
First, to form the crank or cranks without welding on additional metal.-
The bar having been formed in the manner stated in the Specification of the
Patent above recited, is brought to a welding heat, and that part intended to
form the crank is placed over a matrix or mould with a piece rising in the
centre. A die of a shape corresponding to that of the mould is then driven
down by a forge or steam hammer, whereby that portion of the bar which is
between the moulds will be bent, the fibre of the metal running parallel or
nearly parallel with the curves of the surfaces. In order further to prepare
the bent part to form the crank, it is again brought to a welding heat, placed
in another mould, and forced against the sides thereof by a tool placed in the
hollow of the bend, and driven by a hammer, as before. The crank is finished
by being again brought to a welding heat, and driven by means of a forge)
or steam hammer between horizontal dies, as explained in the Specification of
the Patent before referred to.
Second, to form the crank by means of an additional piece of metal.―The
bar having been. prepared as first described, is forged with a slight projection,
the sides of which are thinned off, and a suitably shaped piece for forming
the crank is welded thereon. The crank is then finished by means of moulds
and dies under a forge or steam hammer, as before described.
Figures 1 and
sizes, which is
Figures 1 to 12 of the accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in
which the first part of this Invention is carried into effect.
1 bis represent a portion of a bundle of iron bars of different
generally made sufficiently long to form three or four axles.
taken to a furnace, rolled
at b, Figures 2 and 2bis.
This bundle is
and brought to the shape of a bar shewn in section
When this shape is obtained, and supposing the

page_text: bundle is intended to form three axles; the edge of the bar 6 is cut away at
two places c and d, perpendicular to one another. The bar is then heated in
a furnace to a white heat, and brought to a vertical matrix or mould e, shewn
in section at Figure 3, in side view at Figure 4, and in plan at Figure 5,
where it is acted on by a steam or other hammer, to which is attached a
matrix or die f, shewn in section at Figure 6, and side view at Figure 7.
As the hammer works it will impart to the bar the necessary bend to form
the crank. The axle is again put into a furnace, brought to a white heat,
and placed on a concave matrix g, Figure 8, where it is operated on by a
hammer carrying a mandril h, to give the crank the necessary inclination.
The axle is again heated and subjected to the action of horizontal matrices
fitted to an anvil and hammer, as shewn at j, Figures 9, 10, and 11. This
done the cranked axle is finished as shewn at 1, Figure 12.
Figures 13, 14, and 15 shew the shape of the bar about to be made into a
cranked axle, under the second part of this Invention, after it has undergone
the processes illustrated at Figures 1 and 1bis. When this shape is obtained,
the part marked M is thinned off, and the part marked N is flattened. To
the part M an additional piece of metal m is welded, shewn at Figures 16
and 17. The crank thus prepared is shewn at Figure 18, and is finished by
means of the moulds and dies shewn at Figures 9, 10, and 11.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the improvements in the manufacture of cranked axles and shafts
herein-before described, and illustrated in Figures 1 to 12 of the Drawings
hereunto annexed.
And, second, the method of manufacturing cranked axles and shafts by
welding an additional piece of metal upon a projecting portion of an axle or
shaft, and subsequently shaping the crank and the parts of the axle adjacent
to the crank by means of moulds and dies, as herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of June, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)