Improvements in Garden and other Horticultural Pots or Flower Stands.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 24th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Nov., 1888
Improvements in Garden and other Horticultural Pots or Flower
Stands.
I ROWLAND WITHERBY WINDER of Leopold Terrace Chapeltown Road Leeds in the
County of York, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to construct garden-and other horticultural pots or
flower stands in such a manner, that the necessity for daily or frequently watering the
plants in such pots is avoided, and at the same time the moistening of the soil is
rendered more regular and uniform, and the soil is kept open in a better manner for
ventilation and the draining away of any excess of moisture.
My Improvements consist in the manner in which such pots are formed or made
double; the inner containing the soil and plant, and the annular space between the
inner and outer pot serving as a reservoir for a water supply for some considerable
period.
As two typical illustrations shewing and ascertaining the nature of my Invention
I shall describe first the construction of ordinary garden pots, and secondly the
construction of room flower pots; both having my said Improvements applied
thereto.
A garden pot constructed in accordance with my Improvements consists of two
pots preferably formed in one piece with a common bottom, the one being more or
less concentric with the other. The inner pot contains the soil with the plant, and
in the annular space between the inner and outer pot the water supply is introduced.
The porous nature of the material of which such pots are made permits of the
regular and uniform absorption through it of the water. The moisture is thus
gradually absorped by the soil, keeping the latter in a uniform state of moisture.
and this is effected without any disturbance of the soil, or the carrying down of
the finer particles thereof to the bottom of the pot, as happens when the water is
poured on to the top of the soil. In ordinary cases the annular space between the
inner and outer pots when filled contains a water supply for about 3 weeks, thus
saving the daily watering of such pots by the gardener, a very great advantage in
saving of time and labour, where a large number of pot plants have to be attended

page_text: to. A hole for drainage and ventilation is provided in the centre of the bottom of
the inner pot. The inner pot is preferably also provided with an inner raised
bottom of a dome shape, having several openings therein leading to the central
The base of the pot
opening previously mentioned for ventilation and drainage.
may be provided with feet or crossed bearers to raise it slightly from the ground
and thus ensure proper ventilation etc.
In the construction of flower pots for the rooms of houses, I prefer to make the
inner and outer pot separate. The outer pot is preferably made of porcelain or
glazed earthenware for the purpose of ornamentation. The inner pot is made of
unglazed or porous earthenware. The lower part of the interior of the outer pot is
made narrower, and provided with a female screw formed on the inner surface. The
corresponding lower portion of the inner pot is formed on the outside with a corre-
sponding male screw, so that the inner pot can be screwed into its place in the outer
pot, leaving an annular space between the inner and outer pots for the water supply.
Both pots or only the outer pot is provided with a bottom, having-having the usual
opening or openings for ventilation and drainage.
It will be readily understood that these my Improvements may be applied to various
shapes and designs of pots, for gardens, rooms, window sills, or other places where such
pots are or may now be used.

page_text: Improvements in Garden and other Horticultural Pots or Flower
Stands.
I, ROWLAND WITHERBY WINDER of Leopold 'Terrace Chapeltown Road Leeds in the
County of York, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to construct garden and other horticultural pots or
flower stands in such a manner, that the necessity for daily or frequently watering the
plants in such pots is avoided, and at the same time the moistening of the soil is
rendered more regular and uniform, and the soil is kept open in a better manner for
ventilation and the draining away of any excess of moisture.
My Improvements consist in the manner in which such pots are formed or made
double, the inner containing the soil and plant, and the annular space between the
inner and outer pot serving as a reservoir for a water supply for some considerable
period.
As two typical illustrations shewing and ascertaining the nature of my Invention,
1 shall describe first the construction of an ordinary garden pot, and secondly the
construction of a room flower pot, both having my said Improvements applied
thereto.
A garden pot constructed in accordance with my Improvements consists of two pots
formed in one piece with a common bottom, the one being more or less concentric
with the other. The inner pot contains the soil with the plant, and in the annular
space between the inner and outer pot the water supply is introduced. The porous
nature of the material of which such pots are made permits of the regular and uniform
absorption through it of the water. The moisture is thus gradually absorped by the
soil, keeping the latter in a uniform state of moisture; and this is effected without
any disturbance of the soil, or the carrying down of the finer particles thereof to the
bottom of the pot, as happons when water is poured on to the top of the soil. In
ordinary cases the annular space between the inner and outer pots when filled contains
a water supply for about three weeks, thus saving the daily watering of such pots by
the gardener, a very great advantage in saving of time and labour, where a large
number of pot plants have to be attended to. A hole for drainage and ventilation is
provided in the centre of the bottom of the inner pot. The inner pot is preferably also
provided with an inner raised bottom of a doine shape, having several openings
therein leading to the central opening previously mentioned for ventilation and
drainage. The base of the pot may be provided with feet or cross bearers to raiso it
slightly above ground, and thus ensure proper ventilation.
In the construction of flower pots for rooms I prefer to make the inner and
outer pot separately. The outer pot is preferably made of porcelain or glazed carthen-
ware and may be so made as to serve for ornamentation. The inner pot is made of
unglazed or porous earthenware. The lower part of the interior of the outer pot is

page_text: made narrower and provided with a female screw formed on the inner surface. The
corresponding lower portion of the inner pot is formed on the outside with a corre-
sponding male screw, so that the inner pot can be screwed into its place in the outer
pot, leaving an annular space hetween the inner and outer pot for the water supply.
Both pots or only the outer pot may be provided with the usual opening or openings
for ventilation and drainage.
It will be understood that these my Improvements may be applied to various shapes
and designs of pots for gardens, rooms, window sills, or other places where such pots
are or may now be used.
The accompanying drawings are intended to more clearly and particularly illustrate
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention. In all the Figures the same letters are
used to indicate similar parts.
Figs. 1 and 2 are vertical sections of two garden pots constructed in accordance
with my said Improvements. In Fig. 1. the inner pot a is formed as a separate piece
from the outer pot b, to which it is attached by the screw joint c. The inner pot u is
formed of porous or non glazed earthenware, whilst the outer pot b is formed of non-
porous or glazed material. In Fig. 2 both the inner and outer pots are formed in one
piece of porous material, the walls of the outer pot 6 however are glazed or painted so
as to render them watertight.
Figs. 3 and 4 represent a room or stand flower pot with the inner and outer pots
made in separate parts, the former of porous or unglazed material and the latter of
non-porous, glazed, or painted pottery. The inner pot a is provided with a short stiff
neck d, which is inserted in a hole in the bottom of the outer vessel b, the junction
being made water-tight by an india-rubber ring e, or other packing, in Fig. 3 between
the bottoms of the two pots, and in Fig. 4 round the neck of the inner pot.
d also indicates the hole provided for drainage and ventilation.
Fig. 5 is an outside view of Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 6 is an outside view of Figs. 3
and 4.
Fig. 7 shews an arrangement in which the outer vessel is formed of glass so as to
serve at the same time as an aquarium.
It will also be evident that if a double pot as represented in either or any of the
Figs. 1-4 be provided with a loose horizontal bottoni and a cover, such vessel is well
adapted to serve as a butter cooler or ice preserver.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The construction of flower or horticultural pots; with an inner pot to contain the
carth and root of the plant and formed of porous or non-glazed material, and an outer
pot formed of glazed, painted, or non-porous material, the space between such pots
serving to contain the water supply; substantially as herein described and illustrated
in any of the Figures 1-to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of October 1888.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
2, East Parade, Leeds,
Agent for Applicant.