Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic or Air-inflated Tyres.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 18th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 31st Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic or Air-inflated Tyres.
I ROBERT EDWARD PHILLIPS, Member of the Institution of Mechanical
Engineers of 70 Chancery Lane, in the Parish of St. Andrews, Holborn, in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
which has been communicated to me from abroad by Leopold Holt, temporarily
residing at Frankfort-on-the-Main, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to those types of pneumatic or air-inflated tyres the outer
covers or sheaths of which are approximately tubular in cross section and which are
retained on the rim of the wheel by the pressure of air within them, and it has for
its object, defining the position of the cover or sheath on the rim of the wheel, and
its exact size when inflated, and also enabling an ordinary crescent section rim to
be used.
I attain these ends in the following manner :-I use an outer cover or sheath of
an approximately tubular shape divided along its inner circumference and having
beads or flanges on its divided edges. The outer part adapted to form the tread is
as is usual thicker than the other parts. This cover is lined with or has incor-
porated with it a layer of canvas in the usual manner. On to the concave face of
the rim of the wheel is cemented or otherwise fixed a strip of rubber or other
suitable material. In the outer face of this strip which I term a locking strip is
formed a circumferential groove adapted to receive the beads or flanges on the outer
cover, the said beads or flanges in this case being exterior to the said cover.
desired a separate groove may be made for each bead.
If
In another form of my invention I make the locking strip with overhanging
edges adapted to engage with the beads or flanges on the outer cover, the said beads
or flanges being in this case on the interior of the said cover.
As it is only necessary to release one side of the outer cover or sheath when it is
desired to get at the air-tube the other side thereof may be fixed to the rim by
cementation or by a central band or wire, and in this case the locking strip is not
fixed to the rim but it is attached to or formed on the edge of the cover fixed to the
rim, and it is so shaped as to adapt it to engage with the bead or flange on the other
edge thereof.
To prevent the cover or sheath creeping or travelling round the rim when it is
not cemented or otherwise fixed thereto I may form transverse or cross corrugations
in both the locking strip and in the cover or sheath, adapted to engage and interlock
with one another.
The air tube used is of the ordinary type and it is fitted with any suitable form
of inflation valve.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic or Air-inflated Tyres.
ROBERT EDWARD PHILLIPS, Member of the Institution of Mechanical
Engineers, of 70 Chancery Lane, in the Parish of St. Andrews Holborn in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
which has been communicated to me from abroad by Leopold Holt. temporarily

page_text: residing at Frankfort-on-the-Main, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the type of pneumatic or air inflated tyre
described and claimed in the prior Patent of Leopold Holt No. 13076 of 1891, in
which the cover is approximately tubular in cross section, and has flanges, beads, or
enlargements on its divided edges adapted to engage. with one or more grooves or
recesses in the rim of the wheel, so that the tyre is retained on the said rim by the
pressure of air within it, and it has for its object, defining the size, shape and
position of the cover on the rim of the wheel when the rim used is of the ordinary
crescent section, enabling a rubber of air tube to be used, and generally rendering
this type of tyre more perfect.
I attain these ends in the following manner :-I use a cover as described in Holt's
prior Patent No. 13076 of 1891 approximately tubular in cross section, divided
along its inner circumference, having flanges, beads, or enlargements on its divided
edges, and lined or having incorporated with it a layer of canvas or equivalent
. textile material. On to the concave face of the rim of the wheel is cemented or
otherwise fixed a strip of rubber or other suitable material-which I term a locking
strip. This strip has overhanging edges adapted to engage with the flanges, beads,
or enlargements on the cover, the said flanges, beads, or enlargements being in this
case on the interior of the said cover. As a modification of this construction the
locking strip may be formed on or fixed to the air tube.
As it is only necessary to release one side of the cover when it is desired to get
at the air tube the other side thereof may be fixed to the rim by cementation, or
by a band or wire, in which case the locking strip is not fixed to the rim but is
attached to, or formed on, the fixed edge of the cover and is so shaped that it is
adapted to engage with the flange, bead, or enlargement on the free or loose edge
of the cover.
The air tube used is of the ordinary type and it is fitted with any suitable form
of valve for inflation and deflation.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I will more particularly
describe it making reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a view in transverse section of my improved pneumatic tyre in which
the locking strip is fixed to the rim.
Figure 2 is a similar view of a modification in which the locking strip is formed
on, or fixed to, the air tube.
Figure 3 is a view in transverse section of another form my invention may assume
in which the locking strip is formed on one edge of the cover and is adapted to
engage with a bead or flange on the other edge of the cover.
"
Figure 4 is a view in transverse section of a modification of the construction
shown by Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a view in transverse section showing the application of the locking
strip to the construction set forth in Holt's prior Patent No. 13076 of 1891, and
Figure 6 is a view in transverse section of a further modification of this con-
struction.
Throughout these views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
The cover A is of an approximately tubular shape in cross section, divided along
its inner circumference and has beads or flanges a, a, on its divided edges. This
cover is lined with or has incorporated with it one or more layers of canvas of
equivalent material. On to the concave face of the rim B of the wheel is cemented,
vulcanized or otherwise fixed a strip C of rubber or other suitable material having
overhanging and preferably undercut edges c, e, adapted to engage with the beads
or flanges a, a, on the edges of the cover A as shown by Figure 1.
As a modification the "locking strip" C may be formed on, or fixed to, the air
tube D as shown by Figure 2. As it is only actually necessary to release one side
of the cover A when it is desired to get at the air tube D, the one side of the

page_text: cover may be permanently fixed to the rim B, in which case the "locking strip" C
is preferably formed on, or fixed to, one edge of the cover A, the said edge being
preferably fixed to the rim either by a band or cord c² as shown by Figure 3, or by
cementation. The engaging edge or edges of the "locking strip C and the
enlarged edges of the cover A are preferably made of vulcanite or hard rubber, the
vulcanite or hard rubber parts-shown in black in the drawing-being split or
divided at intervals to make the edges elastic to permit of the "locking strip"
and the cover being placed in position on the rim, the other parts of the locking
strip are made sufficiently flexible to ensure the overhanging edges engaging with
the edges of the cover. The "locking strip" is preferably so formed or moulded
that the overhanging edges thereof bed against the face of the rim and require to
be sprung open to admit of the edges of the cover being placed between them and
the rim. As a further modification the edges of the cover A may be shaped to
adapt them to interlock with one another in which case the said edges are provided
with a series of metallic or equivalent hooks a, a, etc. as shown by Figure 4.
In this construction one edge of the cover A is preferably fixed to the rim B
by means of a band or wire c' running through the hooks a, a, etc. on one edge of
the cover.
Instead of making the "locking strip" of rubber or its equivalent, it may take
the form of a strip of thin canvas or other textile fabric C either fixed to
the centre of the rim B as shown by Figure 5, or fixed to one edge of the
cover A as shown by Figure 6, in which case the interlocking edge of the cover A
preferably has a series of beads or projectious a, a, etc. running round it for the
Hexible strip C to engage with.
This locking strip" may be used in combination with the construction set forth
in Holt's prior Patent No. 13076 of 1891 in which case beads, flanges, enlarge-
ments or their equivalents a, a, etc. are formed both on the outer and inner edges of
the cover A as shown by Figures 5 and 6. I prefer in this construction to
permanently fix one edge of the cover A to one of the grooves in the rim B of the
wheel by running a band or cord c' through one of the beads or enlargements a on
the edges of the cover. To this fixed edge I attach the flexible "locking strip" C,
while on the other edge of the cover AI form a series of circumferential enlarge-
ments a, a, etc. on the inner face of the cover as well as the bead or flange a
on the outer face of the cover and adapted to engage with the other groove in
the rim.
I wish it to be particularly understood that I do not limit myself to the precise
details of construction hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawing, but that I hold myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as
fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.
I am aware that at the date of my invention it was not broadly new to form
beads or flanges on the edges of the covers of pneumatic tyres, and I do not there.
fore broadly claim such as my invention, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The improvements in and relating to pneumatic tyres, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.
2. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination with a rim of a crescent-shape in cross
section, of a locking strip fixed to the centre of the concave face of the said rim
and having overhanging edges with undercut recesses therein, of a cover approxi-
mately tubular in cross section divided along its inner circumference and having
beads or flanges on its inner edges the said beads or flanges being adapted to
engage with the undercut recesses in the overhanging edges of the locking strip,
and of an air tube adapted to be placed within the said cover for the purpose of
inflating the tyre, as set forth. -
3. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination with a rim of a crescent-shape in cross

page_text: section, of a divided cover and having beads or flanges formed on its inner edges,
of an air tube adapted to inflate the tyre, and of a locking strip formed on, or fixed
to, the said air tube and adapted to embrace the beads or flanges on the edges of
the cover, as set forth.
4. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination with rim of a crescent-shape in cross
. section, of a cover approximately tubular in cross section divided along its inner
circumference and having internal beads or flanges formed on its edges, of an air
tube adapted to inflate the tyre and having a locking strip with overhanging edges
formed on, or fixed to, it and adapted to embrace the beads or flanges on the edges
of the cover, as set forth.
5. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination with a rim of a crescent-shape in cross
section, of a cover approximately tubular in cross section and having a bead
or flange formed on one of its inner edges, and having its other edge shaped
to form a locking strip to engage with the bead or flange on the other edge, as set
forth.
6. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination with a rim of a crescent-shape in cross
section, of a cover approximately tubular in cross section and having a bead or
flange formed on one of its inner edges, and having its other edge shaped to form a
locking strip to engage with the bead or flange on the other edge, the said inter-
locking edge of the cover being permanently fixed to the rim of the wheel by a
band or wire, or by cementation, as set forth.
7: In a pneumatic tyre, forming on, or fixing to each edge of the cover a series
of hooks or their equivalents, whereby the two edges of the cover are made to
interlock the one with the other to form a tubular cover, as set forth.
8. In a pneumatic tyre, forming on, or fixing to each edge of the cover a series
of hooks or their equivalents, whereby the two edges of the cover can interlock
the one with the other to complete the tubular form of the cover, and fixing one
edge of the said cover permanently to the rim of the wheel by a band or wire, as
set forth.
>>
9. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination with a rim having two circumferential
grooves formed in it, of a "locking strip adapted to be permanently fixed to the
centre of the rim between the grooves formed therein, of a cover approximately
tubular in cross section divided along its inner circumference and having beads,
flanges, or enlargements on both its outer and inner edges, the beads, flanges, or
enlargements on its outer edges being adapted to engage with the edges of the
grooves in the rim, and those on its inner edges with the "locking strip," and of an
air tube adapted to be placed within the said cover for the purpose of inflating the
tyre, as set forth.
10. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination with a rim having two circumferential
grooves formed in its concave face, of a cover approximately tubular in cross
section divided along its inner circumference and having beads, Hanges, or enlarge-
ments on its outer edges, one of the said beads, flanges, or enlargements being fixed
into one of the grooves in the rim by means of a band or wire running through or
over the said bead, flange, or enlargement, and the bead, flange, or enlargement on
the other edge of the cover being adapted to engage with the other groove in the
rim, of a flexible locking strip fixed to the fixed edge of the cover and having
its free edge adapted to engage with the projections, beads, or enlargements on
the inner face of the other or loose edge of the cover, and of an air tube
adapted to be placed within the said cover for the purpose of inflating the tyre, as
set forth.
Dated this 18th day of November 1800
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Applicant.