Improvements in Securing "Cards" to "Flats" Employed in Carding-engines for Carding Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1888
PROVISIONAL DIUIFICATION.
Improvements in Securing "Cards" to "Flats" Employed in
Carding-engines for Carding Cotton and other Fibrous
Materials.
I ROGER TATHAM of Moss Lane Iron Works Moss Lane Rochdale in the county
of Lancaster Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
My invention relates to "flats" employed in carding-engines and consists in
arrangements for securing the "cards" to such "flats" by which arrangements I am
able to secure the "cards" to the "flats" more advantageously than heretofore.
In accomplishing my invention I fold around or partially around the "flat" the
"
flat
"
cloth leather india-rubber or other material in which the
wire"
or teeth is or are
"set" and I secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to the
by stitching, rivetting or by securing the edges of the cloth, leather, india-rubber or
other material together in any suitable manner or by passing the said cloth, leather,
india-rubber or other material through suitable slots formed and arranged in any
suitable manner in or in a part or parts secured in any suitable manner, to the "flat"
or I secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to the "flat" by means
of screws or plates or cramps secured to or on the "flat" by screws or rivets or by
any combination of any of the methods above mentioned.
In some cases I form grooves or toothed surfaces or recesses or "dove-tails" or
slits in the "flat" and secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in
which the "wire or teeth is or are "set" to the "flat" by means of wedges, spikes,
cramps, or plates or other appliances which secure the said cloth, leather or other
material in or upon the grooves, toothed surfaces recesses or dove-tails" above
mentioned-The said wedges, spikes, cramps or plates or other appliances may be
driven or forced into the grooves, toothed surfaces, recesses or "dove-tails" aforesaid
or may be secured or held therein or thereon by screws or bolts or other suitable
means.
In some cases I provide the flat with serrations or teeth formed upon the "flat"
or upon a part or parts secured thereto in any suitable manner such serrations or teeth

page_text: "
serving to secure to the "fat" the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in
which the wire or teeth is or are "set." The said serrations or teeth may if
desired be made of soft material so as to be capable of being turned back over the
cloth, leather india-rubber or other material and acting as hooks or rivets to secure
the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to the "flat."
In some cases to further secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber, or other material
upon the "flat" I employ stitches, rivets, screws, cramps or plates or secure the
edges of the said cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material by any other suitable
means.
In some cases I form the "back" of the "flat" with a hollow or recess in which
I place a plate or rib or plates or ribs secured to the "flat" by means of screws or in
any other suitable manner. Such plate or rib or plates or ribs secures or secure the cloth,
leather, or other material in which the "wire" or teeth is or are " set" after such
cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material has been folded around or partially
around the "flat "
or the said rib or plate or ribs or plates may be employed to act as
a stretcher or stretchers so as to tighten or strain the cloth, leather, india-rubber or
other material around or partially around the "flat."
In some cases I form a recess or groove in the "face" of the "flat" and pass the
cloth, leather, india-rubber, or other material in which the "wire" or teeth is or are
" set" around the "back" of the "flat," the edges of such cloth, leather, india-rubber
or other material being secured in the recess or groove before mentioned by means of
wedges or cement or in any other suitable and convenient manner.
In some cases I form slots from the " "
face to the "back" of the "flat" and in
such cases the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in which the "wire" or
teeth is or are
"set" is passed through the slots and is secured at the "back" of the
"flat" by any of the arrangements hereinbefore mentioned for securing the cloth,
leather, india-rubber, or other material in which the "wire" or teeth is or are
to the "flat."
"
set
"wire
"
دو
In some cases I "set" the "wire" or teeth in a piece of cloth, leather, india-rubber,
or other suitable material which either before or after the " wire or teeth is or are
"set" therein is formed into a tube in any suitable manner. The cloth, leather,
india-rubber, or other suitable material formed into a tube and having the
or teeth "set" therein is drawn or forced over the "flat" and secured thereto by
pins, screws, rivets, wedges, or by any other suitable means or by being formed as a
tube of such size that it will be securely attached to the "flat" without treatment
other than that to which it is subjected when being drawn or forced upon
the "flat."
In some cases as well as employing any of the previously described arrangements
I secure in any convenient manner to the "face" of the "flat" india-rubber, cloth,
paper, or other suitable material which india-rubber cloth, paper, or other suitable
material tends to prevent the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in which
the "wire" or teeth is or are « set" from slipping upon the "flat."
The above described arrangements for securing the cloth, leather, india-rubber, or
other similar material to the
"
flats may be used in conjunction with any suitable
glue or cement by means of which the cloth, leather, india-rubber, or other material
may be caused to adhere to the "flats."
Dated the Twentieth day of January 1888.
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Carlton Chambers,
18, St. Ann's Street, Manchester,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Securing "Cards" to "Flats" Employed in
Carding-engines for Carding Cotton and other Fibrous
Materials.
I ROGER TATHAM of Moss Lane Iron Works Moss Lane Rochdale in the County
of Lancaster Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to "flats" employed in carding-engines and consists in arrange-
ments for securing the cards to such "flats" by which arrangements I am able to secure
the "cards" to the "flats" more advantageously than heretofore.
"
66
"
In accomplishing my invention I fold around or partially around the "flat" the cloth,
leather, india-rubber or other material in which the "wire or teeth is or are 'set'
and I secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to the "flat" by stitching,
rivetting or by securing the edges of the cloth, leather india-rubber or other material
together in any suitable manner or by passing the said cloth, leather india-rubber or
other material through suitable slots formed and arranged in any suitable manner in
or in a part or parts secured in any suitable manner to, the "flat" or I secure the
cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to the "flat" by means of screws or plates
or cramps secured to or on the "flat" by screws or rivets or by any combination of
any of the methods above mentioned. Fig. 1 is a cross section of a
* flat" and
illustrates an arrangement in which the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material
in which the "wire or teeth is or are "set" is secured to the "flat" by stitching or
rivetting. a is the "flat," the cloth, leather or india-rubber or other material in
which the "wire" or teeth C is or are "
set." The cloth, leather, india-rubber or other
material 6 after being folded around the portion a¹ of the "flat" a is secured by
rivets & passed through the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material b and through
holes formed in the flat a. By causing each rivet d to pass through and secure two
edges of the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material b I am enabled to secure the
cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to the "flat" a with fewer rivets than
have hitherto been necessary. Instead of the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other
material 6 being secured to the "flat" a by rivets d it may be secured to the "flat" a
by being stitched thereto or by having its edges secured together in any suitable
manner such as for instance by stitching or rivetting.
"
Fig. 2 is a cross section of a flat and illustrates an arrangement in which the cloth,
leather, india-rubber or other material in which the "wire or teeth is or are 66 set IS
secured to the "flat" by means of cramps secured to or on the "flat" by screws or
rivets. e is the flat and the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in which
the "wire or teeth g is or are "
"
set. is a cramp which embraces the part e¹ of the
flat e and the edges f1 of the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material f. The
cramp h and the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material fare secured to the flat e
by rivets j.
"

page_text: In some cases instead of employing a cramp I pass the rivets through plates as
illustrated in Fig. 3 which is a cross section of a "flat" e and in which are the plates
through which and through the part e¹ of the "flat" e the rivets are passed.
35
In some cases I form grooves or toothed surfaces or recesses or dovetails or slits in
the "flat" and secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in which the
"wire" or teeth is or are <<
set
to the "flat" by means of wedges, spikes, cramps or
plates or other appliances which secure the said cloth, leather india-rubber or other
material in or upon the grooves, toothed surfaces, recesses or dovetails above mentioned.
The said wedges, spikes, cramps or plates or other appliances may be driven or forced
into the grooves, toothed surfaces, recesses or "dove tails" aforesaid or may be secured
or held therein or thereon by screws or bolts or other suitable means. Fig. 4 is a cross
section of a "flat" and illustrates an arrangement in which the cloth, leather, india-
rubber or other material in which the "wire" or teeth is or are
" set" is secured to
the "flat" by means of a groove formed in the back of the flat. is the "flat" in
which is formed a groove. The cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material m in
which the "wire" or teeth n is or are "set" is folded around the flat I and the edges m¹
of such cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material m are inserted into the groove
aforesaid and secured therein by means of a wedge o. The forcing of the wedge of
into the groove above mentioned will strain the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other
material m tightly around the flat 1. The wedge o or the sides or edges of the said
groove or the wedge o and the sides or edges of the said groove may be formed with
serrations or teeth which serrations or teeth assist in securing the cloth, leather, india-
rubber or other material m to the flat b.
"
1"
7
"
In some cases I provide the "flat" with serrations or teeth formed upon the
"flat" or upon a part or parts secured thereto in any suitable manner such
serrations or teeth serving to secure to the "flat" the cloth, leather, india-rubber
or other material in which the "wire " or teeth is or are "set." The said
serrations or teeth may if desired be made of soft material so as to be capable
of being turned back over the cloth, leather, india rubber or other material and
acting as hooks or rivets to secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material
to the flat." Fig. 5 is a cross section of a "flat" and illustrates an arrangement in
which I provide the "flat" with serrations or teeth q¹ formed upon plates o secured
to the "flat" in
P
suitable manner.
any
The serratious or teeth g¹ serve to secure to
the "flat" Ρ the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in which the "wire" or
teeth s is or are set." Fig. 6 is a cross section and Fig. 7 a plan illustrating an
arrangement of my invention in which the teeth or serrations t² are formed upon the
edges t¹ of the "flat" t and the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material u in
which the "wire" or teeth vis or are set" is retained upon the serrations or teeth t²
by being secured at its edges to the flat t by means of the rivets . Fig. 8 is a cross
section illustrating an arrangement in which the serrations or teeth are made of a
soft material so as to be capable of being turned back over the cloth, leather, india-
rubber or other material in which the "wire" or teeth is or are « set" and acting as
hooks or rivets to secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to the "flat."
In Fig. 8, a is the "flat," upon a party secured to which "flat" are formed teeth y'
shown at A as projecting. After the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material 2
has been placed upon the teeth y such teeth y¹ are turned back as shown at B and act
as hooks or rivets to secure the said cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material to
the "flat" x.
"
፡፡
In some cases to further secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material
"flat
upon the
I employ stitches, rivets, screws, cramps or plates or secure
the edges of the said cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material by any other
suitable means.
In some cases I form the "back" of the "flat" with a hollow or recess in which I
place a plate or rib or plates or ribs secured to the "flat" by means of screws or in
any other suitable manner. Such plate or rib or plates or ribs secures or secure the
cloth, leather, india rubber or other material in which is or are set" the "wire" or
teeth, after such cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material has been folded around

page_text: or partially around the "flat" or the said rib or plate or ribs or plates may be employed
to act as a stretcher or stretchers so as to tighten or strain the cloth, leather india-rubber
or other material around or partially around the "flat." Fig. 9 is a cross section
illustrating an arrangement according to which the "flat" 1 is formed of two
portions 1 1b. In the portion 1ª of the "flat" 1 is formed a hollow or recess 1º and
the portion 1 is formed with a part 1ª capable of passing into the hollow or recess 1°
formed in the portion 1ª. 2 is the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in
which is or are "set" the "wire" or teeth 3. The edges 2ª of the cloth, leather,
india-rubber, or other material 2 are folded around the portion 1° of the "flat" 1 and
the portion 1 of the "flat" 1 is then secured upon the portion 1ª by means of the
screws 4. The tightening of the screws 4 will by drawing the portions 1ª, 1b together
stretch and secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material, 2 tightly and
firmly upon the "flat" 1. Fig. 10 is a cross section illustrating another arrange-
ment according to which the "flat" 5 is formed in two portions 5, 5, capable of being
secured together by screws 6. In the portion 5ª I form grooves or recesses 5° 5d and
upon the portion 5b 1 form ribs or projections 5º 51. The edges of the cloth, leather,
india-rubber or other material 7 in which is or are "set" the "wire" or teeth 8 are
placed between the portions 5ª, 5 of the "flat" and upon the portions 5º, 5º being
drawn together by the screws G the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material 7
will be tightly strained and firmly secured upon the flat 5.
".
In some cases I form a recess or groove in the "face" of the "flat" and pass the
cloth, leather india-rubber, or other material in which the "wire" or teeth is or are
set" around the "back" of the "flat" the edges of such cloth, leather, india-rubber
or other material being secured in the recess or groove before mentioned by means
of wedges or cement or in any other suitable and convenient manner.
Fig. 11 is a cross-section and illustrates this arrangement of my invention. 9 is
the "flat" in the face 9a of which I form a recess or groove 9b. The cloth, leather,
india-rubber or other material 10 in which the "wire " or teeth 11 is or are set" is
passed around the "flat" 9 and the opposite edges 10ª of the cloth, leather, india-
rubber or other material 10 are passed into the recess or groove 9b in which they are
secured by a wedge 12 or cement or in any other suitable and convenient manner.
In some cases I form slots from the "face" to the "back" of the "flat" and in
such cases the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in which the "wire" or
teeth is or are
set" is passed through the slots and is secured at the "back" of the
"flat" by any of the arrangements hereinbefore mentioned for securing the cloth,
leather, india-rubber or other material in which the "wire or teeth is or are "set
to the "flat." This arrangement of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13,-
Fig. 12 being a cross-section of a "flat" and Fig. 13 a plan of a portion of a flat."
13 is the "flat" through which are formed slots extending from the "face" 13ª to
the "back" 13" of the flat 13-The cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material 14
in which the "wire" or teeth 15 is or are “ set is folded round the face 13ª and
parts 13 of the "flat" 13 and is secured to the "flat" 13 by means of wedges 16
which pass each into one of the slots above mentioned-The forcing of the wedges 16
into the said slots will strain and secure the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other
material 14 tightly and firmly upon the "flat" 13.
"
"
"
,,
"
or teeth
In some cases I "set" the "wire or teeth in a piece of cloth, leather, india-rubber
or other suitable material which either before or after the "
wire or teeth is or are
set" therein is formed into a tube in any suitable manner-The cloth, leather, india-
rubber or other suitable material formed into a tube and having the "wire"
"set" therein is drawn or forced over the "flat" and secured thereto by pins, screws,
rivets, wedges or by any other suitable means or by being formed as a tube of such
size that it will be securely attached to the "flat" without treatment other than that
to which it is subjected when being drawn or forced upon the "flat." Fig. 14
illustrates this arrangement of my invention, and is a cross section-17 is the "flat"-
The cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material 18 in which the "wire" or teeth 19
is or are set" is formed into a tube and then drawn or forced longitudinally over
the "flat" 17 such cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material 18 will then surround
"

page_text: the "flat" 17 to which it may be secured by pins passing through the cloth, leather,
india-rubber or other material 18 and into holes formed in the flat 17 or the tube of
cloth, leather india-rubber or other material may be made of such size that when such
tube is drawn upon the "flat" 17 it will be secured or attached to the "flat" 17
without treatment other than that to which it is subjected when being drawn or
forced upon the "flat."
In some cases as well as employing any of the previously described arrangements
I secure in any convenient manner to the "face" of the "flat" india-rubber, cloth,
paper or other suitable material which india-rubber, cloth, paper or other suitable
material tends to prevent the cloth, leather, india-rubber or other material in which
the "wire" or teeth is or are "set" from slipping upon the "flat."
"
The above described arrangements for securing the cloth, leather, india-rubber or
other similar material to the flats may be used in conjunction with any suitable
glue or cement by means of which the cloth, leather india-rubber or other material
may be caused to adhere to the "flats."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1.
claim is
"
"
© cards to flats"
The herein before described arrangements for securing the
employed in carding-engines for carding cotton and other fibrous materials.
T
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Manchester,
Agent to the Applicant.
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Manchester,
Agent to the Applicant.