IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Holliday, of Huddersfield, in the County
of York, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND
PRINTING."
Sealed the 7th September 1875, and dated the 20th March 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Holliday at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th March 1875.
I, THOMAS HOLLIDAY, of Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER
SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING," to be as follows:-
In effecting my improvements in the manufacture of coloring matter
suitable for dyeing and printing, I heat chlorinated or brominated
anthrachinon obtained, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent

page_text: granted to Charles Liebermann and Charles Graebe, dated the Eighteenth
day of December 1868, No. 3850, or otherwise with strong sulphuric
acid until the compound obtained is soluble in water. This product is
then diluted with water, and the excess of acid it contains neutralized
with an alkali or an alkaline carbonate. The clear liquor obtained is
then concentrated and heated with caustic alkali, as is now well under-
stood, until the color is developed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Holliday in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
HOLLIDAY, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Manufacturing
Chemist, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Holliday, Her special license
that I, the said Thomas Holliday, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Holliday, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Holliday,
my exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Holliday, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
In effecting my improvements in the manufacture of coloring matter
suitable for dyeing and printing I heat chlorinated or brominated
anthachinon obtained as described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to Charles Liebermann and Charles Graebe, dated the 18th day
of December 1868, No. 3850, or otherwise with strong sulphuric acid
until the compound obtained is soluble in water. This product is then
diluted with water, and the excess of acid it contains neutralized with
an alkali or an alkaline carbonate. The clear liquor obtained is then
concentrated and heated with caustic alkali, as is now well understood,
until the color is developed.
In order that my Invention may be more fully understood, I will
proceed to describe more in detail means adopted by me in carrying the
same into effect.
One part of chlorinated or brominated anthrachinon or a mixture of
them is heated in an enamelled iron or other suitable vessel with about
four times its weight of fuming sulphuric acid for two or three hours at
a temperature of about 250° C., until a little taken out and added to
water shows no precipitate. After letting the mixture cool a little it is
poured into about forty times as much water, then neutralized with lime
and boiled. The clear liquor is separated and carbonate of soda or
potash added to it till no more lime precipitates, it is then filtered or
decanted, and the filtrate evaporated to about 20° Beaumè. The product
obtained is then mixed with about one and a half times its weight of dry
caustic soda in a pan in which it is agitated and heated to a temperature
of from 190° to 215° centigrade for three or four days, or till such time
as it is judged by frequently taking out samples therefrom that the
greatest quantity of coloring matter has been formed. The mass is
then dissolved in water and precipitated by an acid, such as sulphuric or
muriatic, and then filtered, and the precipitate after being well washed
with water constitutes a coloring matter suitable for dyeing and
printing.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I

page_text: claim is, treating chlorinated or brominated anthrachinon with sulphuric
acid for the purpose of manufacturing coloring matters suitable for
dyeing and printing, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Holliday, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, in t
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.