IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING LARD
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
TRAVIS and JOHN MINNES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Lard
Refiners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-first day of
December, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the twelfth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Travis and John McInnes, our exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her.
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said John
Travis and John McInnes, our exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said John Travis and John McInnes, our exors, adñors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use;
exercise, and vend our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING LARD;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said John Travis and
John McInnes, or one of us, should cause a particular description of the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be perforined,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of said, in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Travis and John McInnes, do hereby declare that the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is
to say:-
Our Invention consists in the application of a woven fabric to the purpose
of containing lard. And in order that our Invention may be.fully understood
and readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by
us. The woven textile material which we have found best adapted for our pur-
pose is fine and closely-woven calico or muslin. We prefer that the package
should resemble the bladder now in general use for containing lard as much
as possible. We therefore, with -that--view,- cut the cloth into oval-shaped
pieces, having a prolongation at one end to form the neck or opening by
which the lard is introduced when in a fluid state; having cut two pieces
(similar) to form one bag, we sew or secure them at the edges, thus forming a
perfect package or bag with a narrow neck; they are then ready for coating
with the cements. The cement which we have used and find well adapted to
the end in view is a mixture of animal gelatine, with farina or starch paste,
made of such a degree of consistency that when hot it will allow the bags to
be well and easily worked in it; when the bags or packets are well saturated
with the cement they are withdrawn, and any superfluous adhering cement
being removed, they are dipped into a cold saturated solution of common salt
and alum; this has the effect of hardening the cement, and preventing its
softening and coming off in the process of filling the bags or packets; after this
treatment they are turned inside out, and are then ready for use; if not re-
quired immediately after preparation they should be kept in a moist state until
wanted. Our mode of filling these bags, and mode of cooling, is conducted in
a precisely similar manner to the filling and cooling of the common bladder,
which is well understood.
Having thus described our Invention, and the manner of performing the
same, we would have it understood that although we have mentioned calico or
muslin as the best adapted for our purpose in point of texture and economy,
we do not confine ourselves thereto, as other descriptions of woven fabrics will
answer the purpose, nor do we confine ourselves to any form or size, but we
prefer the bladder form, from that article being the usual and most general
package for containing hog's lard. We would also have it understood that we
do not confine ourselves. to an internal or external cement, or both, as we have
found that it can be dispensed with, but we prefer to employ it. But what we

page_text: claim as new is, the application of a suitable, woven fabric, such as the one
described, when made into packets or bags, for the purpose of containing lard.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Travis and John McInnes, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.