IMPROVE- MENTS IN JACQUARDS OR DOBBIES EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1886

page_text: for Weaving.
I, JAMES WILD, of Saint John's Road, Huddersfield, in the County of York,
retired Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN JACQUARDS OR DOBBIES EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to jacquards or dobbies employed in looms for weaving
fancy fabrics, and my improvements consist in a partial reconstruction of apparatus,
whereby the action of the jacquards is more positive, and failure in actuating the
shed." impossible.
"
In order that my improvements may be better understood reference is made to
the accompanying sheets of drawings, which illustrate my improvements, wherein
Fig. 1 is elevation, Fig. 2 cross section, and Fig. 3 plan view of a jacquard having
my improvements applied thereto. A is framing of machine, B the usual recipro-
catory sliding bars for operating the jack hooks C, and levers D when the former
are placed in proper position by needles E, all of which parts are arranged in the
ordinary manner for opening and closing the shed. F is a pegging or lag cylinder,
one end of which carries a star wheel G, operated by the pegging wheel H, driven
by bevil wheels I, from the diagonal shaft J, operated from any convenient part of
the loom. It will be observed that the pegging wheel H carries two studs a and b,
so that for one revolution of the said pegging wheel, the star wheel and pegging
cylinder is operated twice, consequently the opening and closing of the shed is very
rapid and enables the loom to run quickly. K are a series of short levers arranged
side by side working upon a shaft c, one of such levers being provided for each
row of pegs in the lag cylinder F, and they are kept clear of each other by pins d,
which are arranged to pass between each short lever K. To one end of each lever
is hinged a swinging arm L, working through a grate e, and operated vertically up
and down by the action of the levers K, actuated by the pegs f on the pegging or
lag cylinder F. M is a cross bar running the whole width of the machine, and it
71
'

page_text: is connected to the top of the lever N, and caused to reciprocate backward and
forward by means of eccentric P, fastened to the rotary shaft R.
The action of the machine is as follows:-
The pegs on the pegging or lag cylinder F are arranged according to the
pattern intended to be woven so that if pegs are present when the cylinder is
turned around by the star wheel, such pegs will lift up the levers K as shewn in
the drawings, the effect of which is to lower the swinging arms L, so that at the
next "beat up " of the cross bar M, such swinging arms as are down, will be
struck by the said cross bar and forced forward in such manner as to come into
contact with one end of the needles E, which are pushed forward thereby, so that
the jack hooks are placed in position to be operated by the next downward motion
of the sliding bars B, so as to operate the "shed," spiral springs g are employed to
force the needles E back as soon as the jack hook is released. The above description
only applies when the pegs f are present, if therefore the pegs are absent, the
levers K would not be operated, but would remain down as shewn in dotted lines,
in which case, the swinging arms L would be elevated near to the top end of the
needles E, and beyond the reach of the oscillating cross bar M, so that as the cross
bar "beats up" it could not operate the arms L, consequently the needles and jack
hooks would remain stationary, and the "shed" undisturbed.
When the levers K are down as shewn in dotted lines the front ends thereof rest
upon the cross bar R¹ so as to keep the said levers just clear of the rotary
cylinder F, to avoid friction.
This arrangement of jacquard is very simple, but certain in its action, and
its construction is such that it is impossible to operate the wrong needles, and also
impossible to miss actuating the right ones.
În Fig. 4 I have shewn the same arrangement of jacquard as the one just
described but with a small modification. In this case instead of employing the
swinging arm L, I use a swinging loop S, through which passes a finger T, hinged
to the needles E, so that when pegs are present in the lag cylinder F, the
levers K are operated as previously explained, and place the fingers T within reach
of the oscillating cross bar M, and are operated thereby; if however the pegs fare
absent, the levers K remain stationary, keeping the loops S and fingers T above
the reach of the oscillatory cross bar M, whereby the "shed" remains unaltered.
On sheet 2 I have shewn another modification of my improved jacquard,
according to which I dispense with pegs on the rotary cylinder F, and use holes
instead, which are made in the said cylinder-I also employ vertical selectors U
passing through perforations made in stationary bars V, such selectors being carried
on one end of the levers K, which pass through an eye in each selector. The
swinging arms L are connected to the levers as already described, the lower end of
which passes through a loop or eye made in one end of the needles E. The
oscillatory bar M also carries another cross bar W, which is employed for striking
the legs h. projecting from the underside of each lever K, and this is done at each
backward strike of the cross bar, for the purpose of removing such of the selectors
as happen to have dropped into the holes in the rotary cylinder, so as to leave the
cylinder free to revolve on the next movement of the pegging wheel H.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
As the oscillatory cross bar W moves backward it strikes the legs h of the
levers K, when they are raised thereby as shewn in full lines, in doing which all
the selectors are raised clear of the cylinders F, which is caused to partially rotate
immediately after the selectors are withdrawn from the holes in the said cylinder.
As soon as the cylinder as moved and presented a fresh lot of holes and blank
places to the selectors, they are released by the return stroke of the cross bar W,
and if blanks are presented under the selectors they remain stationary, allowing
the bottom end of the swinging arm L to project through the loop in the needle E,
sufficiently far as that on the next "beat up" of the cross bar M, the swinging
arms and needles are pushed forward as shewn in the drawings, by which means
the jack books are transferred from one sliding bar B to another, and the "shed
1
>>

page_text: altered accordingly; but if holes in the cylinder F are presented under the
selectors, they would drop therein, and so lift the swinging arms out of reach of -
the oscillating bar M, by which means the "shed" would not be operated.
Figure 6, sheet 3, shews the same or a similar arrangement to the one already
described, but in this case the perforated cylinder F, carries a perforated card or
endless sheet F1, the said perforated sheet being either stamped according to the
pattern being woven, or the said sheet may be filled with holes and those not
required could be filled in with metal buttons as explained in a former Patent
granted me, dated March 15th A.D. 1884, No 4914. U are the selectors which
drop into the cylinder when holes in the endless sheet are presented to them.
Instead of the perforated lag cylinder being used, I may employ a peg lag
cylinder having metal studs screwed or otherwise fastened therein as shewn in
Figs. 7 and 8. The bar N is made with a stud plate N' and slot to receive the star
wheel G, which can be adjusted to suite change gearing for driving the cylinder F.
These studs can easily be put in and taken out, and they are arranged according
to pattern being woven.-When these studs are employed I may dispense with the
lever K, and use round or flat rods, or wires K¹, which are raised or lowered
according to arrangement of the studs.
Figure 9 shews another arrangement of the parts. In this case the jack hooks C
fit into a notch made in the top of the needle or link E¹, working through a grate e,
whilst the lower end receives the swinging arm L. The lever K is in contact with
the cylinder F, which levers are raised by pegs f as described and shewn in Figs. 2
and 4, the action of which places the swinging lever L in position to be lifted by
the lifting bar M, which at its next upward movement strikes the said swinging
lever, and by means of the link E¹, lifts the jacks C in and out of contact with the
lifting bars B. According to this arrangement the pattern to be woven can
easily be changed, by simply changing the position of the pegs f in the lags or
cylinder F.
This arrangement is much simpler than those at present in use, where the
cylinder F is composed of a series of bowls or pullies which take much time to
change when altering the pattern.
Fig. 10 shews how the same form of apparatus may be applied to that class of
shedding motion attached to what is now commonly called Knowles American
Loom. A is a rotary pinion wheel which gives motion to discs B and C, when it is
placed into gear first with one and then the other. In applying my invention to
this class of machine, I lift the lever D or allow it to drop according to the pegs
which are arranged in the cylinder F, by which means the pinion wheel A is placed
into gear with one or other of the discs B and C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
:-
Firstly The combination of levers K and swinging arms L operated by
pegging or lag cylinder F for purposes and in manner substantially as herein shewn
and described.
Secondly-The combination of levers K and swinging arms L, the latter being
operated by the oscillating cross bar M, for actuating the needles E, substantially
as described and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
Thirdly-The combination of levers K, loops S, and finger T, connected to the
needles E, the whole being operated by pegging or lag cylinder F, in manner
described and shewn in Fig. 4.
Fourthly-The combination of levers K, loops S, finger T, the latter of which
is operated by the cross bar M, as set forth and shewn in Fig. 4.
Fifthly -The combination of the selectors U, levers K, swinging arms L,
operated by means of perforated cylinder F, in the manner set forth and shewn in
Fig. 5.

page_text: Sixthly-The use of the oscillatory cross bar W for striking the leg h of the
levers K, for removing the selectors out of the perforated cylinder F as described
and shewn in Fig. 5.
Seventhly:-The use of loose studs I, which can be arranged in the lags or
cylinder of all descriptions to suite the pattern being woven.
Eighthly The combination of two studs a and b in the pegging wheel H,
driven by different sized bevil wheels I, for operating the star wheel G and
cylinder F as set forth and shewn in Fig. 1, sheet 1.
Ninethly-The lever N formed with stud plate N' for carrying star wheel and
spur change gearing as shewn in Fig. 6.
Tenthly: The arrangement of apparatus substantially as shewn in Figs. 7, 8,
and 10, sheet 3.
1000