IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR CONTROLLING, ARRESTING, MEASURING, AND RECORDING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING THE ESCAPE AND WASTE OF THE SAME.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Tylor, of No. 2; Newgate Street, in the
City of London, Brassfounder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR CONTROLLING, ARRESTING, MEASURING,
AND RECORDING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING THE
ESCAPE AND WASTE OF THE SAME.
"
Sealed the 23rd July 1875, and dated the 20th May 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Tylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th May 1875.
I, ALFRED TYLOR, of No. 2, Newgate Street, in the City of London,
Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN Apparatus anD ÅRRANGEMENTS FOR CONTROLLING, ARRESTING,
MEASURING, AND RECORDING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING
THE ESCAPE AND WASTE OF THE SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to apparatus and arrangements of the parts
employed in controlling and arresting the flow of liquids and fluids, and

page_text: in measuring, and recording, and preventing waste of the same, whereby
they are rendered more convenient, exact, and reliable in their use, more
convenient and casy to overhaul or repair, and are arranged so as to
prevent waste of the same.
When applied to a hydrant such as is used in connection with the
supply of water for fire purposes, watering roads, and such other purposes,
I employ a valve in connection with a spindle, to which it may be
attached or of which it may form a part closing against a seat, formed
out of, connected with, or attached to the part containing the outlet
opening, and I prolong this spindle beyond the valve sufficiently far to
come in contact with a ball or valve contained in the apparatus, which
closes against a seat provided for it. If desired, when the valve on or
attached to the spindle is closed or only when the valve and spindle aro
removed, so as to prevent the escape and waste of the liquid or fluid and
obviate the necessity of shutting off the supply between the said hydrant
and its source, and on opening the valve the projecting end of the
spindle pushes the said ball or valve away from its seat so as to allow
the liquid or fluid to pass, and it cannot again close until the valve
which closes the outlet has returned to its seat.
I form the shell, case, or body containing the valve seats and outlet
orifice in two or more pieces or parts, which may be joined or connected
by flanges and bolts and nuts in the usual or any convenient manner,
whereby ready access may be obtained for inspection or repair of the
parts and great facility in putting the same in place. The spindle may
be formed with a screwed part, which may pass through a screwed bush ||
in the shell, case, or body so as to cause the valve controlling the outlet
orifice to open or close when the same is actuated, and at the same time
open or close the ball or valve in the body of the apparatus, and the
upper end of the spindle above the screwed bush is provided with a
shield attached thereto so as to prevent grit or dirt from getting into the
screw thread. This ball or valve may be arranged to close by gravity or
be kept up to its seat by the pressure of the liquid or fluid, as most con-
venient or preferred. From this it will be seen that the arrangement
herein-before described consists of two valves, one attached to or con-
nected with or forming part of the actuating spindle or portion and the
other a ball or valve, not attached to the actuating spindle or part,
which may be caused to act either by gravity or the pressure of the
liquid or fluid as the spindle is withdrawn from or protruded into contact

page_text: therewith, and that when the spindle and valve, and or the parts con-
nected therewith are taken off or removed from the rest of the apparatus,
this ball or valve closes by gravity, or the pressure of the liquid or fluid,
or if desired by both combined, on to or against its seat, and so shuts off
the outlet aperture, thereby preventing the escape and waste, and
rendering it unnecessary to shut off the liquid or fluid between the outlet
and the source of supply.
The arrangement of draining holes and the modification of what is
known as the "Brighton pattern," and other hydrants described in my
Patent, No. 3735, dated October 29, 1874, and granted to me in that
year, may be applied to and combined with the herein-before described
apparatus if desired and modified according to what is required. The
whole or any part of these hydrants and apparatus may be made of
"toughened glass " if desired.
In that part of my Invention which relates to measuring and recording
the flow of liquids and fluids, and to improve large meters so that they
will record small quantities passing at low velocities, I employ two meters,
a large one and a small one, which I place either in or outside of a large
pipe, tube, or passage, through which the liquid or fluid has to pass.
These meters may be rotary or otherwise, or of the kind I usually
employ, such as is described in my former Patents, and I arrange two or
more valves of different sizes, one of which may control the inlet to the
small meter, and may be fixed on or in connection with the larger valve,
which controls the outlet or inlet of the large meter, so that when such
a quantity is passing as is not sufficient to cause registration in the large
meter it may by this arrangement cause registration on the small meter
so that by this means both small and large quantities may be registered.
If desired these valves may be automatic or self-adjusting, or one or both
of them actuated by suitablo mechanical means, and the moving parts,
bearings, and other parts of the meter may be made of the "toughened
glass" if desired.
In that part of my Invention which relates to controlling the flow
of liquids and fluids, and where such controlling relates to the flow of
water into closet basins or pans in order to make the same more con-
venient in use I arrange my fan so as to be readily adjustable to the
direction and quantity of water it may be desired to pass by means of
screws, wedges, inclined planes, or slides, or a combination of the same

page_text: or any of them, and form the said fan of "toughened glass," by which
means more convenience in the application is obtained, and the corrosion
and perishing of the fan as well as liability to breakage are avoided.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Tylor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th November 1875.
; TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
TYLOR, of No. 2, Newgate Street, in the City of London, Brassfounder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Tylor, Her special licence that
I, the said Alfred Tylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Alfred Tylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND
ARRANGEMENTS FOR CONTROLLING, ARRESTING, MEASURING, AND RECORDING THE
FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING THE ESCAPE AND WASTE OF THE
SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred
Tylor, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Tylor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying

page_text: i
three Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to apparatus and arrangements of the parts
employed in controlling and arresting the flow of liquids and fluids,
and in measuring, recording, and preventing waste of the same, whereby
they are rendered more convenient and easy to overhaul or repair, and
are arranged so as to prevent waste of the same.
When applied to a hydrant such as is used in connection with the
supply of water for fire purposes, watering roads, and such other pur-
poses I employ a valve in connection with a spindle, to which it may be
attached, or of which it may form a part, closing against a seat formed
out of, connected with, or attached to the part containing the outlet
opening, and I prolong this spindle beyond the valve sufficiently far to
come in contact with a ball or valve contained in the apparatus, which
closes against a seat provided for it, if desired, when the valve on'or
attached to the spindle is closed, or only when the valve and spindle are
removed so as to prevent the escape and waste of the liquid or fluid,
and obviate the necessity of shutting off the supply between the said
hydrant and its source, and on opening the valve the projecting end of
the spindle pushes the said ball or valve away from its seat so as to
allow the liquid or fluid to pass, and it cannot again close until the
valve which closes the outlet has returned to its seat.
I form the case, shell, or body containing the valves, seats, and outlet
orifice in two or more pieces, which may be joined or connected by
flanges and bolts and nuts in the usual or any convenient manner,
whereby ready access may be obtained for inspection or repair of the
parts and great facility in putting the same in place. The spindle may
be formed with a screwed part, which may pass through a screwed bush
in the shell, case, or body, so as to cause the valve controlling the outlet
orifice to open or close when the same is actuated and at the same time
open or close the ball or valve in the body of the apparatus, and the
upper end of the spindle above the screwed bush is provided with a
shield attached thereto so as to prevent grit or dirt from getting into the
screw thread. This ball or valve may be arranged to close by gravity or
bo kept up to its seat by the pressure of the liquid or fluid, as most con-
venient or preferred. From this it will be seen that the arrangement
herein-before described consists of two valves, one attached to or con-

page_text: nected with or forming part of the actuating spindle or portion, and the
other a ball valvo not attached to the actuating spindle or part, which may
be caused to act either by gravity or the pressure of the liquid or fluid
as the spindle is withdrawn from or protruded into contact therewith,
and that when the spindle and valve, and or the parts connected there-i
with, are taken off or removed from the rest of the apparatus this ball
or valve closes by gravity or the pressure of the liquid or fluid, or if
desired by both combined, on to or against its seat, and so shuts off the
outlet aperture, thereby preventing the escape and waste and rendering
it unnecessary to shut off the liquid or fluid between the outlet and the 1
source of supply.
•
It will be seen from the foregoing description that these hydrants,
fire-cocks, or stop valves, are an application and arrangement of the
escape preventer, patented by me, and described at pages 29 and 30 of
the Specification, and illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16, Sheet 4 of the 1
Drawings belonging to the same of the Patent granted to me in the year
1871, No. 2948, and dated on the 3d November of that year, where the
nature and object, and mode of action of tho same will be found fully
doscribed and explained.
By the regulations of some of the water companys' fire apparatus is
required to have two cocks, one of which is to be closed whilst the other
is under repair, and two separate hydrants or stop valve used in this
manner in combination have been constantly employed, but it will be
seen that my escape preventing hydrants, fire-cocks, or stop valves fully
meet all the requirements of the case, and in a much simpler and more!
convenient manner. The term valve includes stop apparatus for steam
or water, but where such apparatus is used exclusively for controlling
the discharge of water through hose or pipes, the term hydrant is used
as a distinction, as may be seen in the catalogues of hydraulic apparatus
makers, and a sluice valve applied for this purpose is called a stop valve,
fire-cock, or hydrant.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a part elevation and part section of an arrangement
of my Invention herein-before described, which I term my screw down
loose valve escape preventing hydrant, fire-cock, or stop valve, shewn
as applied to a rising main (though it is equally applicable to a main or
pipe placed under ground) in which the escape preventing valve is closed
or comes into action only when the valve closing the outlet and spindle
with their connection or caso are removed or detached from the main or

page_text: source of supply. A, A, the case, shell, or body containing the screw
down loose valve and seat, which is actuated by the handle and screwed
spindle F. B the escape preventing valve attached to or connected with
its seat formed on the part B', which may be fitted and screwed as
shewn, or be connected with the main by a screw thread on its exterior
surface fitting into a screw thread in the main if preferred. O is a
projection or spindle formed on or attached to A, A, which on the
insertion of the screwed part of A, A, into the screwed thread of B', and
the screwing up of the same gradually pushes B off its seat, and retains
it in its proper position to leave the water way open so long as A, A,
remains attached to the main.
It will be seen in the Drawing that where the flange B³ comes in
contact with the case, shell, or body A, A, a washer or washers B³ of
vulcanized india-rubber, leather, or other suitable material or materials,
or a combination of the same are interposed at the point of contact, so
as to secure and maintain a water-tight joint, and prevent leakage
during the time of its being scṛowed home, and the same may be used
if B' is made to fit the main with a screw thread as before described.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-The part B' and the
escape preventing valve B having been attached to the main, which
preferrably should be constructed as shewn to admit of this being done
when the main is put up, although it may be so fitted afterwards on
screwing on the case, shell, or body A, A, containing the screw-down
loose valve actuating part and outlet, the projection or spindle O comes
in contact with B, gradually moving it off its seat and opening the
waterway, and when it is screwed home the escapement valve B is then
open, and so remains until the unscrewing and removing of A, A, allows
it' to return to its seat, and close the waterway. By means of tho
handle F the water may be turned on or off from the outlet through the
operation of the screw-down loose valve contained in A, A, which said
valve may be of the kind I usually make or any other suitable or con-
venient kind which is not subject to leakage.
In this arrangement it will be seen that the escape proventing valve B
only comes into operation on the removal of the part A, A, containing
the valve which lets on or shuts off the water from the outlet.
Fig. 2 is a part clevation and part section of another arrangement of
my waste proventing hydrant, fire-cock, or stop valve herein-before

page_text: described, in which the escape preventing valve B is opened and closed
each time the stop valve D is used, whereby I obtain the advantage of
two valves to close one outlet, one being on its seat shutting off the
supply before the other arrives on its seat, and closes the outlet,
similar parts to those in Fig. 1 being denoted by similar letters of
reference.
It will be seen that in this case the projection C for operating the
escape preventing valve B is formed on, attached to, or connected with
the valve D (which closes the outlet) and spindle E, which are actuated
by the handle F, and by C being made short enough to allow a space to 1
intervene between its end and the escape preventing valve B it will
allow D to come on to its seat and shut off the supply before the valve D
arrives at its seat, and closes the outlet, keeping the pressure of the
main off the valvo D.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-The part B', with the 1
escape preventing valve B being attached to the main, as in the case in
Fig. 1, no water can pass as the escape preventing valve B remains on
its seat and closes the orifice, and remains so whether the part A, A, be
connected or not, its operation depending on the opening or closing of
the valve D when the part A, A, is attached, and it is desired to obtain ?
a supply of water on operating the valve D by means of the handle F
and screwed spindle E; the projection or spindle C as the valve D has
been removed from its seat comes in contact with the corresponding
valve B, and opens the same, keeping it open and allowing the water to
flow whilst B is kept off its face. On turning the handle F to close the
valve D it will be seen that the escape preventing valve B will reach its
seat first and shut off the water, and when D reaches its seat and closes
the outlet the water will be kept back by the action of the two valves.
It will be seen that in both these cases the valves which control the
outlet and the parts connected therewith can be detached from the main
or source of supply without having to shut off the water from the parts
to which they are attached, and that no escape of water will take place
when they are taken off, whether for repair, inspection, or for any other
purpose, and a leather washer on the screwed spindle F renders a stuffing
box unnecessary.

page_text: acting in a similar manner to Fig. 1, but with both valves on the same
vertical line. A, A', A³, the case, shell, or body containing the escape
preventing valve B, with its seat formed on the part A', and the chamber
or lower part A³, in which the valve is placed. The upper part A, which
contains the outlet, the valve for closing the same and its seat may be
formed, as shewn, with a screw thread on its outer surface fitting into
a screw thread in the interior of A'. Attached to or forming part of A
is the spindle or projection C, the lower end of which on A being
screwed into A' comes in contact with the escape preventing valve B,
and pushes it off its seat, retaining it there so long as A remains screwed
into A'. The valve closing the outlet is in the upper part of A, and may
be similar to D, shewn in Fig. 4. E is the screwed spindle for operating
the valve which closes the outlet, but which does not in this arrange-
ment act on the escape preventing valve B; F is the shield for
preventing dirt or grit getting on to the screw thread on E; and G is
the inlet.
Fig. 4 shews part in elevation and part in vertical section another
arrangement of my escape preventing hydrant, fire-cock, or stop valve,
in which both valves are made to act each time the hydrant is used, its
) action being similar to that described in Fig. 2.
It will be seen that both valves are in the same vertical line, but in
this case the operating of one operates the other also each time the
hydrant is used, at the same time that the valve D controlling the outlet
and the part A can be removed without interfering with the action of B,
5 or allowing an escape of water. A, A', A", the case, shell, or body
containing the escape preventing valve B and its seat, the valve D
closing the outlet and its seat and the actuating spindle E and its pro-
jection O; B is the escape preventing valve; O, the projection on the
spindle E for operating the valve B; D is the valve formed on, or
O connected with, or attached to the actuating screwed spindle E; F is
the shield to keep the dirt or grit off the screwed spindlo E; G is tho
inlet orifice.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On operating the
actuating spindle E the valve D is caused to move off its scat, and tho
5 projection or spindle C comes in contact with the escapo preventing
valve B, moving it also off its seat, and opening the waterway, allowing
the water to pass to the outlot part of the apparatus, and as the
operation continues both B and D move further from their seats until

page_text: "
the waterway and outlet are full open. So long as the hydrant remains
in this state the water continues to flow, and the apparatus is in full
work. On reversing the operation the valve B comes gradually on to
its seat, and shuts off the water before the valve D closes the outlet,
which it does a little later, and the hydrant is then in the condition of
shutting off the water from the outlet by means of two valves closing
the
passages, instead of having only one to do so, as is the case in the
arrangement shown in Fig. 3. The greater the space left between the
end of the spindle or projection C and the escape preventing valve B
the sooner will B shut off the water before D closes the outlet, whilst a 1
less distance will cause B to open sooner, and close when D is nearer
its seat.
Figs. 5 and 6 are modifications of the arrangement of my improved
waste preventing hydrants, fire-cocks, or stop-valves, shewn in Fig. 4, in
which instead of the valve D and escapo preventing valve B being on ]
the same vertical line, and one below the other, they are placed on the
same level or at a lower lovel, and on two different vertical lines. In
these cases it will be seen that the escapo preventing valve B is caused
to move off its scat, and allow the water to flow by means of the pro-
jection or spindle C in connection with the valve D operating the lever a
or connection G moving on the fulcrum H with which it comes in
contact, and so pushes B off its seat as the valve D is opened, and on
closing D the escape preventing valve B is allowed to reach its seat
before D closes the outlet, so that a similar result is produced to that
shewn and described in Figs. 2 and 4. I, in Fig. 6, shews a cage or guide 2
for the purpose of preventing the escape preventing valve being moved
too far off its seat.
The advantage of these arrangements is that the whole of the apparatus
is brought nearer to the level of the main or source of supply than in
the other arrangement, and less exposed to the action of frost.
3
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of a hydrant, fire-cock, or stop valve for
controlling the water supply to be used in those cases where the water
in the main or source of supply is at a higher pressure than that at
which it is desired or required to be supplied therefrom, and is arranged
to act with an escape preventing valve having the inlet arranged as that g
shewn in Fig. 1, although if desired or preferred it may be used without.
The escape preventing valve B in the different Figures may be made in

page_text: the form of a clack, spindle, valve, or ball, or sphere, or any other
suitable or convenient form for the purpose.
The arrangement of draining holes and the modification of what is
known as the "Brighton pattern," and other hydrants described in my
Patent No. 3735, dated October 29th 1874, and granted to me in that
year, may be applied to and combined with the herein-before described
apparatus if desired, and modified according to what is required. The
whole or any part of these hydrants and apparatus may be made of
"toughened glass " if desired.
In that part of my Invention which relates to measuring and recording
the flow of liquids and fluids, and to improve large meters, so that
they will record small quantities passing at low velocities, I employ two
meters, a large one and a small one, which I place either in or outside
of a large pipe, tube, or passage through which the liquid or fluid has to
pass. These meters may be rotary or otherwise, or of the kind I usually
employ, such as is described in my former Patents; and I arrange two
or more valves of different sizes, one of which may control the inlet to
the small meter, and may be fixed on or in connection with the larger
valve which controls the outlet or inlet of the large meter, so that when
such a quantity is passing, as is not sufficient to cause registration in
the large meter it may by this arrangement cause registration on the
small meter, so that by this means both large and small quantities may
bo registered. If desired these valves may be automatic or self-ad-
justing, or one or both of them actuated by suitable mechanical means,
3 and the moving parts, bearings, and other parts of the meters may be
made of the "toughened glass" if desired.
Fig. 1, Sheet 2, is a longitudinal elevation and section of my meter
arrangements, acting in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described. A is the large meter for registering the larger quantities
passing, attached to or connected with the main or passage B; C is the
small meter, also connected with the main by a pipe, tube, or passage D;
E is the larger of the two valves which controls the waterway for the
large meter, and E' is the smaller valve controlling the inlet to the
small meter; F is the valve for regulating the pressure at which tho
5 water shall pass to the small meter, and to enable it to record correctly
and act more sensitively.
of this ancement is as follows: The water heine drawn

page_text: off having passed through the larger meter A, if in sufficient quantity to
raise the larger valve E, will do so, and close the smaller valve E'; the
large valve being weighted to the desired or required pressure will cause
the quantity passing to be recorded on the large meter A, whilst if it be
not sufficient to raise the large valve E the small valve E' remains open,
and the water passes through into the small meter, thus enabling the
smaller quantity to be recorded. The regulating pressure valve F is
adjusted by means of a screw compressing a spring or lever and weight,
or other convenient means to the required or desired pressure which
may be found most suitable or convenient.
Fig. 2 shews in sectional elevation the internal arrangement of the
regulating pressure valve F. A, A, is the shell, case, or body containing
the valve B, which is attached to or forms part of the spindle C, which
passes through the diaphragm D, and at its top end is controlled by the
spiral spring E and screw spring or lever and weights, as herein-before
described. The end of the spindle C is prolonged so as to work in the
guide or socket, as shewn at F, instead of the diaphragm and valve, as
shewn. India-rubber pistons or cup leathers may be used, as shewn in
Fig. 3 and 4, Sheet 2. This arrangement is applicable for regulating
pressure in other cases where such is required.
Fig. 5 shews in sectional elevation the detail of the connections to the
main used in connection with Upward's apparatus suitable for attaching
small meters to large mains, as shewn in Fig. 1. This is a modification
of the ferrule apparatus and cock used in the year 1869 by Mr. Alfred
Upward, at Grays, in Essex, the ferrulo A. being inserted in the main
with the plug B, which is made with grooves or slots so as to form a
bayonet joint working on studs or projections in A, the T piece or the
connection C, with its cup and union screwed on and the plug B drawn
up by means of a spindle or key, working through the aperture in the
cup, and provided with a stuffing box to prevent the escape of water a
(also a modification of Mr. Alfred Upward's Invention, which however
ho did not patent), and secured by means of the studs or projections at
the top of the T picce C. The cap with stuffing box and spindle is then
removed, and a plain cap substituted.
Fig. 6 is another mode for connecting to mains under pressure (a
modification of that shewn in my Patent, No. 3735, of 1874, in Fig. 5,
Sheet 5), which makes the operation much simpler, similar parts being

page_text: denoted by similar words of reference, a valve being substituted in place
of the moveable plug B, and is moved off its face by the act of screwing
on the union. This is another adaptation of our escape preventing valve
arrangement herein-before described.
Fig. 7 is another modification shewn in vertical section of my
improved escape preventing connection herein-before described, in which
the escape preventing valve B is placed at the end of the ferrule A, and
is a modification of the arrangement shewn in Fig. 6, which enables the
shell or body to be dispensed with, and the ferrule used direct. In those
cases when the connection would have to be made at the side, as, for
example, as in Fig 8, the valve B may be opened by a projection on the
interior of the cap or cover coming in contact with its spindle or with
the valve, or the spindle may be prolonged so as to come in contact with
the cap and produce a similar effect.
Fig. 8 is another modification also in vertical section of my improved
escape preventing connection, also adapted for connecting the meters to
mains as herein-before described, in which in order to prevent leakage I
cause the top of the valve B to come against a seat, when the under part
of the same is moved off its seat and opens the waterway, or I may use a
cylinder, sphere, or part of the required length and diameter, which shall
act in the same manner, according as the top or bottom of the same is
brought into contact with the top or bottom of the part A, A.
It will be seen that the valve or part B has a prolongation O, on the
enlarged part of which a screw thread is cut and is provided at the top
with a square or other convenient arrangement for actuating it, the
object being that the screw shall retain the lower part of B on its seat,
and so close the inlet and keep it so until the part A, A, is properly
attached, and the connection with the pipe or meter made, when by
turning O by the square or other arrangement so as to raise B, the top
of B is brought close up to the top of the interior of A, A, opening
thereby the waterway D and preventing leakage through the screwed
thread of C. If preferred the part B need not come into contact with
the top of A, A, but the leakage would in this case have to be prevented
by the use of a screw or other cap.
Fig. 1, Sheet 3, shews an arrangement of adjustable fan's for use in

page_text: the ordinary kind, and which if preferred may be attached or applied to
the basin by means of a hinge or its equivalent, so as to admit of its
being readily adjusted; C, the screws for retaining it in its desired
position; D, one or more adjustable wedges, inclined planes, washers, or
parts formed with a boss to make a joint with the basin, from the top of 5
which and through which the screws pass, so as to allow of the same
being moved round and down between the fan and the basin, so as to
obtain the desired adjustment when the back nut E may be tightened
up and the fan retained in its place.
Fig. 2 shews another arrangement in which two fans are employed 1
and the water caused to enter the basin from between the same, the
adjustment being made by the enlargement or diminution of the space
between them and through which the water passes, and the direction of
the stream is given by the position in which the double fans are fixed in
the basin.
]
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention
of "Improvements in Apparatus, and Arrangements for Controlling,
Arresting, Measuring, and Recording the Flow of Liquids and Fluids,
and Preventing the Escape and Waste of the same," and the manner in
which the same is to or may be brought into practical effect, I wish it to 2
be understood that I do not confine or limit myself to the precise details
and modifications shown in the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings,
as the same may be varied or modified without departing from the nature
of the said Invention, nor do I claim as new and as of my Invention the
use of apparatus for controlling, arresting, measuring, and recording the 2
flow of liquids and fluids, and preventing the escape and waste of water,
as apparatus for these purposes has been in use long since, nor do I
claim the Invention of hydrants, fire-cocks, stop valves, or reducing
valves, nor of meters for measuring and recording the flow of liquids and
fluids, as these are not novel nor the employment of waterclosets and 3
the fans used with the same, as these have been used before, but whạt
I do claim as of my Invention and desire to have protected by Letters
Patent is,―

page_text: Second. The arrangement of my escape preventer as applied. to
hydrants, and shewn in Figs. 1 and 3, Sheet 1, and herein-before
described and specified.
Third. The arrangement of two valves acting in equilibrium for
regulating the pressure from the main for hydrants or valves, as shown
in Fig. 7, Sheet 1, and the arrangement of diaphragms and, valves,
shewn in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, Sheet 2, whereby a constant stream or jet is
obtained, and the shock or tremor reduced, acting in the manner and for
the purposes herein-before described and specified.
-
Fourth. The application of a small meter to act in conjunction with a
large meter so as to obtain a more correct registration of the water
passing through a large main or pipe, and the employment of a
regulating pressure valve in connection therewith, acting in the manner
and for the purposes herein-beforo described, illustrated, and specified.
Fifth. The arrangements of ferrules for making connections to mains
to be used in connection with Upward's or other similar apparatus, as
shewn in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, Sheet 2, and herein-before described and
specified.
Sixth. The arrangements of adjustable fans for waterclosets, as herein-
before described, illustrated, and specified.
Lastly. The arrangement and combination of the various parts, none
of the parts individually being new in the various apparatus shewn in
the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings, and acting in the manner
and for the purposes herein-before described, illustrated, and specified,
or any mere modification of the same.
•
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Tylor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of November, in the year