Improvements in or connected with Vehicular or other similar Lamps.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1896-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Vehicular or other similar
Lamps.
We, WALTER GIRDWOOD MULLINER, of Broad Street, Carriage Builder, and
WILSON HENRY STURGE, of 17 Frederick Road, Edgbaston, Electrical Engineer,
both in the City of Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with. the outside lamps
of carriages or lamps of similar construction, and refers more particularly to a
combination and arrangement in such lamps whereby the electric light may be
used, but the fittings for such, readily removed when necessary, thus allowing the
use of the ordinary candle or other burner when desirable.
The body of the lamp is made after the ordinary manner (except so far as may
be necessary to modify it to carry out this our invention) having the ordinary
candle, spirit, or oil tube. The nozzle within the lamp is preferably removable, so
that when the electric light is in use, a cap or stopper may be substituted for
the said nozzle fitting approximately flush with the bottom of the lamp.
In the interior at the back of the lamp we now make provision, by a screw
socket let below the surface of the usual reflector or otherwise, to receive a
removable small electric light fitting, which stands out into the interior of the
lamp in a horizontal direction. When the said lamp is fixedly carried upon
the vehicle by the usual fixed arm, such arm is made tubular and is connected to the
body of the lamp at that point where the electric light fitting is attached upon the
inside, so that the necessary metallic leads may pass therethrough to and from
the lamp and the battery.
The bracket or arm is wired on the "concentric" system by which the arm itself
serves as one of the leads for the electric current, the necessary lead being self
contained in the said lamp arm so that the lamp is made detachable without
interfering with the wire or wires. The lamp holder is arranged with central
contact so that simply screwing it into the above mentioned socket completes the
necessary electrical connections.
When the lamp body is made removable from the lamp iron the said leads
arrangement is modified accordingly, so that the electric contact is made by the
act of placing the lamp in the lamp iron, which latter is fixed to the carriage &c.,
or by other suitable device. The necessary batteries, switch &c., are arranged
within or upon the vehicle in any convenient manner.
Thus by these means the electric light may be used when convenient but should
this fail from any cause, then the lamp and holder for such may be readily
removed and the ordinary candle or other light used without any inconvenience
from exposed wires, contact screws &c., the interior of the lamp being left perfectly
free.
Dated this 20th day of November 1895
CHARLES T. POWELL,,
Applicants' Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Vehicular or other similar
Lamps.
We, WALTER GIRDWOOD MULLINER, of Broad Street, Carriage Builder, and
WILSON HENRY STURGE, of 17 Frederick Road, Edgbaston, Electrical Engineer,
both in the City of Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with the outside lamps
of carriages or lamps of similar construction and refers more particularly to a
combination and arrangement in such lamps whereby the electric light may be used,
but the fittings for such, readily removed when necessary, thus allowing the use of
the ordinary candle or other burner when desirable.
In order to more clearly explain this our invention we have appended hereunto
an illustrative drawing upon which are figures and numbers of reference, similar
numbers referring to the same thing or part.
Fig. 1 is a general side view of a lamp constructed according to this our
invention.
Fig. 2 is a part sectional plan view of the said lamp.
Fig. 3 is a view of the ordinary candle nozzle which may be used when the
electric fittings are dispensed with.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the arrangement of the leads at the
junction of the lamp arm with the body of the vehicle &c.
The body 5 of the lamp is made after the ordinary mauner (except so far as
may be necessary to modify it to carry out this our invention) having the ordinary
candle, spirit, or oil tube 6. The usual candle nozzle 7 is preferably removable,
so that when the electric light is in use, a cap or stopper 8 may be substituted
for the said nozzle fitting which shall give a finished effect to the design of the
bottom of the lamp.
In the interior, at the back of the lamp we now make provision, by a screw
socket 9 let below the surface of the usual reflector 10 or otherwise, to receive a
removable small electric fitting 16 with incandescent lamp 11 which stands out into
the interior of the lamp in a horizontal direction. When the said lamp 5 is
fixedly carried upon the vehicle by the usual fixed arm 12, such arm is made
tubular and is connected to the body of the lamp at that point where the electric
light fitting is attached upon the inside, so that the necessary metallic lead 13
may pass therethrough to and from the lamp and the battery.
The bracket or arm 12 is wired on the "concentric" system by which the arm
itself serves as one of the leads for the electric current, the lead 13 being insulated
by suitable material 21, and self contained in the said lamp arm so that the
carriage lamp (with the said arm) is made detachable without interfering with the
wire or wires 14 and 15.
In Fig. 4 this connection is shown in section, in which 18 is a metallic backplate
secured to the body 19 of the vehicle &c., and to which wires 14 and 15 are
attached; the wire 14 being insulated by material 20, while the wire 15 is soldered
directly in contact with the plate 18. The lead 13 is insulated by material 21,
and connected up to the spring box 22 in which is spring 23 and plunger 24, the
whole being carried in the "flap" or plate 25 which latter may be readily attached
to the back-plate 18 in the ordinary way. When these two plates are thus screwed
together, the plunger 24 presses against the end 26 of the wire 14 and thus the
circuit is made. By unscrewing the plate 25 from the plate 18 the carriage lamp
may be easily detached or vice versa, without interference with the wires 14 and 15,
all electrical connections being made or unmade automatically.

page_text: The lamp holder 16 is arranged with a similar central contact, so that simply
screwing it into the above mentioned socket completes the necessary electrical
connections.
When the lamp body is made removable from the lamp iron, the said leads
connections is modified accordingly so that the electric contact is similarly made by
the act of placing the lamp in the lamp iron, which latter is fixed to the carriage &c.,
or by other suitable device. The necessary batteries, switch &c., are arranged
within or upon the vehicle in any convenient manner.
Thus by these means the electric light may be used when convenient, but should
this fail, from any cause, then the incandescent lamp 11 and holder 16 for such
together with the cap 8 may be readily removed, and the ordinary candle or other
light nozzle 7 used without inconvenience from exposed wires, contact screws &c.,
the interior of the lamp being left perfectly free.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The combination with a vehicular or other similar lamp of a removable
electric fitting 16 having the self contained lead or leads upon the said lamp,
arranged for circuit when attached to the vehicle, all substantially as set forth
and illustrated.
2. The combination with a vehicular or other similar lamp of the arrangement
of removable electric fitting 16 with the alternate arrangement of removable
nozzle 7 for candle or oil light all substantially as set forth and shown.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1896.
CHARLES T. POWELL,
Applicants' Agent.