Improvements in Electrical Heating Apparatus.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrical Heating Apparatus.
I, HERBEIT JOHN DOWSING of 35 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of Loudon,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating electrically by radiation from
a conductor of comparatively high resistance enclosed in a vacuous glass vessel
and rondered incandescent by electricity. But in order to utilise the most of
the radiated heat I combine with the vessel a suitable reflector arranged to direct
the heat rays upon the object to be heated. Thus a lamp, like an electrical
glow lamp, or several of these, with suitable reflectors may be situated above
or below a cooking utensil.
A glow lamp may be arranged within an iron having a reflector directing
the heat down on the base of the iron. A lamp or several lamps may be placed
in a fire-place with a reflector or reflectors behind and materials in front of a
kind to absorb heat rays, or metallic surfaces to reflect both light and heat into
an apartment. A number of glow lamps may be arranged within a vase having,
below them the bottom of the vase operating as a reflector, and above them heat
absorbent material, the whole acting as an open stove quite free from disagreeable
or insanitary products of combustion.
Dated this 20th day of November 1896
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Electrical Heating Apparatus.
I, HERBERT JOHN DOWSING of 35 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
mauner the same is to perforined to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating electrically by radiation from
a conductor of comparatively high resistance enclosed in a vacuous glass vessel
and rendered incandescent by electricity, such as an ordinary glow lamp.
In applying such lamps in combination with reflectors for reflecting the heat
rays all more or less in the same direction, heretofore the difficulty has been
experienced that the said reflectors in concentrating some of the reflected rays
upon the globes of the lamps have effected a melting or softening hereof and
consequently the destruction of the lamps.

page_text: The essential feature of my invention consists in employing such a construc-
tion of reflectors for the above purpose that the hent rays from the lamp in
striking the reflector are more or less dispersed thereby in a direction away from
the lamp and not concentrated upon the glass globe of the lamp.
On the accompanying drawings are shewn by way of example various forms
of electrical heating apparatus constructed according to my invention with
reflectors arranged as above described. Fig. 1 shews an electrical glow lamp. A
surrounded by a reflector B the middle part B' of which immediately surrounding
the lamp is of a projecting conical, pyramidal, or wedge form, so that the heat
rays proceeding backwards from the lamp in striking the surface of this part
of the reflector, will be reflected in a direction away from the lamp while in
striking the outer angular part B of the reflector they will be thrown forward
thereby, quito clear of the lamp, as indicated by the dotted lines at a, b, so
that the globe of the lamp is thus prevented from becoming overheated.
prefer to provide openings between the base of the lamp and the reflector B',
as shewn, for the passage of a current of air which will assist in keeping the
globe comparatively cool. Fig. 2 shews a similar construction of reflector B B'
in which the lamp A is arranged horizontally instead of vertically; perfora-
tions are formed in the reflector B' for the passage of air as before; Fig. 3
shows a double reflector for two lamps side by side, the two conical, pyramidal
or wedge shaped parts B' B' of the reflector being made to meet together in the
middle.
I
Fig. 4 shews a combination of two opposite sets of lamps A with reflectors B B',
serving as a toaster or grill, the object to be toasted being introduced at r
between the two sets of heaters. Fig. 5 shews an electrical heating frame or
screen having a number of lamps A arranged side by side, each within a
reflector B B constructed in the before described manner.
Fig. 6 shews a section of a flat-iron heated by a lamp A with reflectors B B¹
constructed as before described arranged above it for reflecting the heat down-
wards.
Fig. 7 shews a section of a hot-plate with reflectors B B' arranged below the
lamps A for reflecting the heat upward.
It will be readily understood that my improved electric heating apparatus
can be applied to a great variety of other purposes besides those described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Electric heating apparatus consisting of the combination with a conductor
of high resistance enclosed in a vacuous glass vessel and rendered incandescent
or highly heated by electricity, of a reflector the part of which that imme-
diately surrounds the conductor or lamp is made of a projecting conical,
pyramidal, or wedge shape, or equivalent form, that will reflect the heat rays
away from the glass vessel or lamp globe so as to prevent this from becoming
injured by excessive heating substantially as described.
2. Electrical heating apparatus consisting of oue or more reflectors constructed
as set forth in the first claim, combined with devices for adapting it to various
heating or cooking operations, substantially as described with reference to the
drawings.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.