Improvements in and relating to Journal-bearings for Machinery.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 18th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 14th May, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Journal-bearings for Machinery.
I, PETER JOSEF FRÜя, Brewer, of Cologne, Aposteln Street 19, in the Province
of Rhineland and Kingdom of Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of this in-
vention to be as follows;-
The invention now to be described refers to a contrivance adapted to machine
bearings, so that the shocks and concussions which may arise in the shafts and
other parts of the machinery may be received on an elastic surface, thus obviating
on the one hand, excessive wear and tear, and preventing, on the other, the noises
so disturbing and unpleasant, not only to the workers but to the neighbourhood.
The accompanying drawing represents various ways of applying the invention
to different bearings.
Fig. 1 shows in the upper part in side elevation and partially vertical section,
in the lower part in partial transverse section and as seen from above, a pivot
bearing which would be specially suitable for pump rods and similar machinery,
where usually violent shocks and blows occur. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 partly in sec-
tions upright bearings, to which the invention in various ways is applied.
The essential point of the invention in question consists in inserting between
the bottom and the top of the bearing on the one hand, and the axle boxes on the
other intermediate india-rubber bodies which receive and yeld to the concussion.
These elastic bodies, as well as the axle-boxes, are however prevented from revolv-
ing round the pivot or shaft, and at the same time the axle boxes so guided on
the bottom or the top of the bearing that they chiefly move or can be shifted, in
the direction in which the shocks or blows usually come.
In Fig. 1 the cover B is fastened by the screw-bolt a in such a manner to the
main bearing A which is fixed to the rod S, that in the central space left between
a gutta-percha ring D is first of all inserted, and in this the axle-boxes C are
placed.
The gutta-percha ring D to be efficient should consists of at least two, if not
more, parts. It is kept in its place by the collar 6 projecting up above it on the
side and extending a little beyond the upper surface of the bearing parts.
The axle-boxes C are guided on each other by means of groove and rabbet
catches and firmly fastened to each other by screws d, which perforate flaps c
projecting from the collar anu the main bearing, after having been fitted on to
the pivot Z in such a manner that neither the motion of the pivot, nor the com-
Kis the crank, on
pression of the enclosed gutta percha causes them to gape.
which the pivot Z works, k is the head of the pivot, which keeps the bearing steady
and with it the rod S.
With machinery working in this manner the shocks to the bearing or the pivot
take place in a perpendicular direction and therefore in this case the axle-box C
is guided in such a way on the bearing that a slit e formed by a piece having been
cut out of the lower half of the axle-box, slides up and down against a pin f corre-
sponding to it which is attached to the bearing A.

page_text: In place of consisting of india-rubber rings as in Fig. 1, the elastic bodies to
sustain the shocks and blows may be formed of springs, for example of plate-
springs which are arranged lengthways below, half in the main bearing A or
cover B, half on the upper surface of the axle-boxes C, as represented in Fig. 2;
or also of spiral springs, placed in hollowed depressions of the main bearing A
and cover B respectively, and of the axle-boxes C, as shown in Fig. 4 in trans-
verse section through the bearing with the shaft W, and as viewed from above
looking upon the axle-boxes, the bearing top having been removed. In place of
india-rubber rings the buffers D may be formed of single india-rubber balls, or
of similar shaped bodies which are arranged in corresponding grooves, half in
the main bearing A or cover B, and half in the axle boxes C, as shown in Fig. 3
in side elevation and two sections. At the same time the axle boxes may be
kept steady and guided against the bearing A by means of a pin or gudgeon f,
which being moulded on the outer circumference of the axle-boxes C catches in a
corresponding groove of the main bearing A. These gudgeons may also be fixed
in the cover, and then perforated and connected with the lubricating apparatus
in the cover, so that by this means the necessary lubricating material may, at the
same time, be conveyed between the axle W and the inner surfaces of the axle-
boxes C.
As in upright bearings, more especially when used for the bed of crank shaft
and such machinery, the concussion usually occurs in a horizontal direction, it
will be expedient for this to dispose the guides e and f upon the horizontal
bearing-medium in which case it is advisable to arrange the boxes in such a
position that the division line forms an inclined plane as shown in side elevation
in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 represents carried out in several ways the interposed india-rubber bodies D
corrugated between the axle-boxes C and the bottom of the bearing A and cover B
respectively, or provided with ledges and prominences running alongside the shaft,
in which case the outer surfaces of the axle-boxes C and the inner surfaces of the
bearing bottom A and the cover B respectively must be shaped to correspond
with the profile of the buffers D.
With this arrangement it is possible to dispense with any special provision for
steadying and guiding the axle-boxes C upon the main bearing A or cover B,
because, owing to the ledges and prominences of the parts A, B, C and D inter-
locking with each other, the buffers D and the axle-boxes C are already prevented
from revolving in the bearing with the axle.
Improvements in and relating to Journal-bearings for Machinery.
I, PETER JOSEF FRÜH of Bruhl near Cologne-on-the-Rhine, in the Empire of
Germany, Brewer, formerly of 19, Apostelstrasse, Cologne; do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to journal bearings for machinery and comprises devices
designed for taking up elastically the thrusts and shocks to which journals or
shafts and other parts of machinery may be subjected, thereby reducing the wear
and obviating, the noise due to such thrusts or shocks which has usually a disturbing

page_text: and disagreeable effect in the rooms where machinery is placed and also in the
neighbourhood of the same.
In the accompanying drawing I have represented several constructional forms
of my invention as applied to various bearings or plummer blocks.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation partially in section of an improved bearing for
journals, crank pins and the like.
Figure 2 is a plan partially in section of said bearing.
Figure 3 is a side elevation, partly in section, and Figure 4 a section of a
plummer block constructed according to my invention.
Figure 5 shows a side elevation partly in section and Figure 6 a section of a
modified plummer block.
Figures 7 and 8 are a section and plan of a plummer block presenting other
modifications.
Figure 9 shows a section of a plummer block which embodies further improve-
ments.
The essential feature of my invention lies in arranging between the body and
cap of the bearing on the one hand and the brasses on the other hand elastic inter-
mediate parts which yield to and take up thrusts or shocks, said elastic inter-
mediate parts and also the brasses being prevented from turning round the corre-
sponding journal or shaft, while the brasses are guided on the body and cap of
the bearing in such a manner that they are capable of movement or displacement
chiefly in the direction in which the thrusts or shocks usually take place.
In the journal bearing represented in Figures 1 and 2, which is very suitable
for pump rods and the like where violent thrusts and shocks are of usual occurrence,
I fasten upon the body A of the bearing at the end of the rod S the cap B by bolts a
in such a manner that the two parts will leave an intermediate space which serves
for the reception of an indiarubber ring 1) wherein the brasses C are provided.
It is expedient to make the indiarubber ring D in two or more parts, such ring
being prevented from falling out by collars 6 extending laterally over the same
and a little over the faces of the body A and cap B of the bearing.
The brasses C guide one another by grooves and feathers and are firmly con-
nected with each other by lugs c projecting from the said collars and the body
of the bearing with the aid of bolts d after they have been fitted upon the journal Z
so that they cannot jolt during the movement of the journal and the compression
of the elastic ring D. The journal Z is attached to the crank K, the collar k of
said journal holding the bearing and therefore the end of the rod S in position.
In such moving parts of machinery the thrusts upon the bearing or the journal
take place mostly in the perpendicular direction, for which reason the brasses C
are guided on the body of the bearing by means of a slot e provided in the collar
of the lower brass, a corresponding pin or stud f being fixed on the body A of
the bearing and engaging with the aforesaid slot c.
Instead of using an indiarubber ring as in the arrangement shown in Figures 1
and 2, the elastic intermediate parts D taking up the thrusts or shocks may also
be constituted by springs, for instance by plate springs arranged in longitudinal
grooves, half in the body H and the cap B of the bearing and half in the brasses C
as represented in Figures 3 and 4. In lieu of said plate springs I may also use
spiral springs which are arranged in recesses drilled in the body A and the
cap 1B of the bearing and in recesses ¹ in the brasses C, as represented in Figures 7
and 8, which are a transverse section through the bearing and shaft W and a plan
of the brasses with the caps removed. Instead of employing an indiarubber ring
the intermediate parts D may also form single indiarubber balls or the like, which
are arranged in corresponding cavities provided half in the body A and the cap B
of the bearing and half in the brasses C, as shown in Figures 5 and 6. In this
case the brasses may be held and guided on the body A of the bearing by a pin
or stud f which, being cast or secured to the outer periphery of the brasses C,
engages with a corresponding recess e in the body A of the bearing. Such pins
or studs may also be arranged in the cover and, being drilled with a hole, are in

page_text: connection with the lubricator in the cap, so that the necessary lubricant will
at the same time pass between the shaft W. and the inner surfaces of the brasses C.
As in plummer blocks, especially if used for supporting crank shafts and the
like, the thrusts usually take place in the horizontal direction, it is advisable to
arrange the guiding parts e and f in the horizontal central plane of the bearing,
the brasses being then preferably divided in an inclined plane, as shown in
Figure 5.
Figure 9 illustrates a plummer block in which the elastic intermediate parts D
inserted between the brasses C and the body A and cap B of the bearing are corru-
gated or furnished with recesses and projections extending along the shaft, the
outer surfaces of the brasses C and the inner surfaces of the body A and cap B
of the bearing being shaped to correspond to the intermediate parts D.
In this arrangement it is possible to dispense with special means for holding
and guiding the brasses C on the body A and cap B of the bracket, inasmuch as
the intermediate parts D and the brasses C are prevented from turning in the
bearing with the shaft by the recesses and projections of the parts A B C D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
A journal-bearing for machinery in which elastic parts D) are arranged between
the body A and cap B of the bearing on the one hand and the brasses C on the
other hand, and in which the brasses C, after the journal or the shaft has been
fitted accurately into the same, are firmly united with each other by lugs e and
bolts d and are so connected with the bearing by guides f that they are unable
to turn in the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 18th day of February 1898.
J. LINCOLN & Co.,
75, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.