matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1852

page_text: 66
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING
STEAM."
Sealed the 14th January 1853, and dated the 9th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Knowles at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition,
on the 9th November 1852.
I, ROBERT KNOWLES, of Chorlton upon Medlock, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING
STEAM to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in placing at a convenient distance from
each end of the boiler one or inore fire box or boxes to contain a fire
or fires, such fire box or boxes being placed in a transverse direction
across and partly within the boiler, instead of being placed longitudi-
nally as heretofore, and in arranging the flues or tubes for aiding in
heating the water in the boiler, so that when one fire box only is used
these flues or tubes extend from each side of the fire box to the corre-

page_text: sponding end of the boiler, which flues or tubes must be surrounded
with the water contained in the boiler; and where two or more fire
boxes are used, similar flues or tubes are placed between such fire
boxes, so as to form communications between the same, in order that
smoke or heat can be conducted from one fire box to the other or
others, these flues or tubes also being surrounded with the water con-
tained in the boiler, by which means, herein-before described, a greater
heating surface can be obtained than in the boilers and apparatus for
generating steam as usually made.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Knowles in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the the 7th May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ROBERT KNOWLES, of Chorlton upon Medlock, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Knowles, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, Her especial license that I, the said Robert
Knowles, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Robert Knowles, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND APPA-
RATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM;" upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Robert Knowles, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE WHEELS FOR PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS HILL, of Southampton, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE WHEELS
FOR PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS" to be as follows:
My Invention consists in an improvement in the floats of
steamers' paddle wheels, by adding to the ends of the floats
(whether fixed or moveable) a flange or raised side, to prevent the
slip, and thereby give the float better hold of the water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING NUMBERS, LETTERS, DATES, OR OTHER DEVICES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Edmund Brae at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.).
I, ANDREW EDMUND BRAE, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING NUMBERS,
LETTERS, DATES, OR OTHER DEVICES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in painting, embossing, or otherwise marking
numbers, letters, figures, dates, or other devices on an endless band.
composed of any suitable material, stretched or extended over two or
more rollers in such a manner that the figure or other device may be
exhibited or exposed to view through a suitable opening, or made to
pass in front or under an index or pointer, so as to indicate any
particular figure, letter, or device.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO
Year: 1852

page_text: at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his l'eunion,
on the 4th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ANTOINE FRANCOIS D'HENIN, of Malines, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Tobacco Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND MANUFACTURE
OF TOBACCO to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the cleansing and preparing of the raw
tobacco previous to its being manufactured for use, and consists in
steeping the leaves in a saline solution, the density of which is regulated
according to the nature and quality of the tobacco under treatment.
The leaves are then well trodden and piled into a mass and and left to
ferment. I have found by experience 48 hours to be suitable period
for this fermentation. A mixture of tobacco stalks and salt water is
applied round the sides of the pile, thereby exciting and increasing the
fermentation. Having been thus prepared, it is made into cylindrical
rolls or "carrotts" by being cut, pressed, and moulded. In making

page_text: the ordinary pointed rolls or "carrotts" the tobacco is merely pulled by
hand instead of being pressed. In preparing
In preparing tobacco for the manu-
facture of snuff a similar system of fermentation is adopted. For the
manufacture of cigars the tobacco is steeped in a saline solution, and
then strained and pressed; this operation is again repeated, but after 5
the second pressing it is placed on dryers in a closed chamber, and
when dry it is ready for manufacture into cigars.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING JAPANNED AND PAPIER MACHEE SURFACES, AS ALSO THE SURFACES OF VARNISHED AND POLISHED WOODS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Jerrard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, PAUL JERRARD, of 111, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Publisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING JAPANNED AND PAPIER MACHEE
SURFACES, AS ALSO THE SURFACES OF VARNISHED AND POLISHED WOODS,"
to be as follows:-
. My improvements in ornamenting these surfaces consist in the
application of gilding to their surfaces. This I effect by the appli-
cation of such tools as are usually used by bookbinders and embossers.
The intended design is engraved upon the surface of the tool as
usual, and the gold leaf, bronze, or other medium of ornament placed
between the tool and the article to be ornamented; considerable
pressure is then applied, and the impression is indented or embossed
upon the surface. Heat may be applied should it be found requisite.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFAC- TURING BRICKS AND TILES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Davis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES DAVIS, of Hemel Hempstead, in the County of Hert-
ford, Agricultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFAC-
TURING BRICKS AND TILES" to be as follows:-
The chief object of this Invention is to produce a light brick
which, by reason of its form, will admit of closer and firmer joints
being made in brick-work than where the ordinary form of brick is
used. To obtain this result I mount on a travelling plate or bar
which slides in guides attached to the table that carries the ordinary
hand mould frame any given number of vertical rods, which enter
holes formed in the bottom plate of the mould, and slide up and
down therein. At their lower end these rods each carry a helical
feather, which works in a stationary cross bar for the purpose or
imparting to the rods an axial motion. These rods are forced
upwards and projected into the mould frame by a spring or weighted
chain, or otherwise, and they are withdrawn therefrom by the

page_text: depression of a lever or treadle connected to the plate or bar on which
the rods are mounted. The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
The mould frame being placed on the mould plate, and the rods
driven upwards by the spring or weighted cord, clay is thrown into
the mould, and the brick is completed in the usual manner; the
rods are then depressed by means of the treadle, and holes corre-
sponding in number to the rods are left in the brick. The with-
drawal of the rods will cause the upper surface of the moulded
brick to sink slightly in the middle, and thereby a hollow will be
produced corresponding to that usually formed on the under face
of the bottom plate of the mould. It will be understood that tiles
for roofs or floors may be pierced in like manner, the apparatus
being suitably modified for that purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING OR REDUCING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
October 1852.
2.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN BURNIE, of Castle Douglas, in the County of Kirkcudbright,
North Britain, Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING OR REDUCING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates essentially to an arrangement of machinery
for cutting, slicing, or reducing turnips; but the same apparatus, or
modified forms of it, may also be used for reducing other vegetable
substances. The framing of the cutter is similar to that of a common
hand grindstone, the top bars of which support the main horizontal
shaft, carrying the cutter disc or wheel. This wheel is a thin circular
disc of metal with an open centre, filled up only by the supporting
arms of the disc. From the outside of such opening two or more
spiral or volute cuts are made through the disc, and running outwards
to the periphery thereof. At each cut the two edges of the metal are
bent asunder, or slightly separated laterally, so that the edges of the

page_text: cut are no longer in the same plane. The space thus left between the
two edges laterally is then crossed over and studded at intervals with
cutting edges, so arranged in relation to the volute edges of the disc
(which are also arranged to cut, and are notched,) that when the turnips
are pressed against the side of the disc the revolution of the latter
severs the vegetables into cubes of a size corresponding to the serra-
tions and pitch of the cutters. This system of cutters is not arranged
merely to form a volute line in the plane of the disc, but it is also
slightly helical or spiral in reference to the direction of the disc's axis,
or at right angles to that plane. The vegetables are supplied by a
species of side hopper, so inclined and twisted that the vegetables when
delivered from the base of the hopper have nothing to rest against but
the cutters, and choking or jamming is rendered impossible.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AERATED WATERS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on thic
14th December 1852.-A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AERATED WATERS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to various modifications of apparatus for
the manufacture of aerated waters, in which three distinct chambers
or sections of vessels capable of inter-communication at pleasure
are used; the first to contain the main body of fluid to be aerated;
the second to hold the powder from which the aerating gas is made;
and the third to hold a small quantity of pure water, for discharge
upon the powder for the evolution of the gas as required. In one
arrangement, which is the type of the others, the vessel holding the
water to be aerated is a plain vase fitted with a base to stand
directly on a table without any elevating stand or support, and
having an open neck covered by a metal socket cap fitted with a

page_text: small spring discharge valve, this being again surmounted by a
species of hollow stopper; containing the small quantity of pure
water necessary to evolve the gas; a small thumb button stands up
from the top of this stopper, actuating a valve in the bottom of the
stopper for the discharge of the water therefrom into the open upper
end of a long narrow tube standing up in the centre of the vase.
The open top of this tube is covered by the metal cap piece, whilst
its closed bottom holds the powder, and the same cap covers the
upper pierced or rose end of a narrow tube, passing down to open
with its lower end near the bottom of the vase. A corresponding
open ended tube on the other side also opens up a passage between
the fluid in the vase, and the side thumb discharge valve for letting
off the aerated liquid. With the powder a few metal balls or shot
are placed in the tube, to aid the decomposition by their rolling
action. As the gas is produced from the discharge of the water
from the stopper, it passes up from the main central powder tube,
and descends through the rose-headed tube into the fluid in the vase,
and collects in a space left in the vase above the contained fluid,
passing as well into the hollow stopper, to occupy the space left
therein by the discharged water. By this arrangement the chances
of explosion are diminished.
In another arrangement the powder is contained in a small
chamber between the stopper and the vase. The valves for commu-
nicating between the vessels are capable of various arrangements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Asa Lees, of Rhodes House, within Oldham,
in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and Thomas Kay,
of Mumps, within Oldham aforesaid, Machine Maker, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Asa Lees and Thomas
Kay at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th December 1852.
We, ASA LEES, of Rhodes House, within Oldham, in the County
of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and THOMAS KAY, of Mumps, within
Oldham aforesaid, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS" to be
as follows:-
It consists in the application and use of a double catch box of a
peculiar construction, working in combination with other machinery

page_text: for the purpose of giving motion to the front rollers, and taking out
the carriage in self-acting and hand mules, which Invention is
applicable also to that class of machines known by the name of
twiners or mule doublers.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND OTHER SURFACES."
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Husband Heighway, of the New
Road, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND OTHER SURFACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Husband Heighway
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st October 1852.
I, RICHARD HUSBAND. HEIGHWAY, of the New Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND OTHER SURFACES " to be as
follows:-
In order to carry out my Invention for paving roads, streets, or other
surfaces I adopt the following principle:-Firstly, I procure a perfect
plain surface, such as, for example, a piece of sand-stone, slate, wood,
or other substance, on which I place a square or any given shaped

page_text: rim of metal or material calculated to hold in compact a layer of
broken stones, such as are generally used for macadamised roads,
which are presumed by their own weights to form by the most pro-
minent parts a surface equally even as the one on which they are
placed; after which I secure each particle in a fixed position by means
of common cements of mortar, compo, or any other substance calcu-
lated to have the desired effect; after which, in order to give it (the
block) a sufficient strength and substance to stand the traffic necessary
in great thorofares, I build up a back with common brick, sand,
slate, or other stone within the limits of or not exceeding the dimen-
sions of the iron or metal rim, which is calculated to hold in unison
the principal layer of stone, which, on inverting the manufactured
block, is the surface exposed to wear, and also the facility of laying
down any given space by a..multiplicity of any one given shape and
dimensions.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF VENTILATING APARTMENTS OR BUILDINGS, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Mills Dix; of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Brewer, for his Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
OF VENTILATING APARTMENTS OR BUILDINGS, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH."
6 months.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLY- ING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Stephens, of Kennington, in the County of
Surrey, Esquire, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLY-
ING MOTIVE POWER."
6 months.
Dated 12th February 1852.
AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR UMBRELLA AND PARASOL STICKS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Lublinski at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th December 1852.
(Foid by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ROBERT LUBLINSKI, of Devonshire Street, Bishopsgate, in the
City of London, Sculptor in Ivory, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR UMBRELLA AND PARASOL
STICKS" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce a hinged joint fastening
for the sticks of umbrellas and parasols, the tendency of which
fastening shall be to bring the two parts of the stick together into
a right line, and to retain them firmly in that position, and yet to
allow the upper part of the stick being folded over when required,
like the cominon jointed stick. For this purpose the adjoining ends
of the stick are fitted the one with a conical plug, and the other
with a tube or ferule to receive it. To this plug a short chain or
jointed connection is affixed; and this chain, by reason of a coiled
spring which lies between and bears against the head of a bolt
attached to the extremity of the chain, and a stop piece formed in
the tube or ferule, has a tendency, when drawn outwards, to run

page_text: back into the tube, and draw the cone socket into its seat, thereby
uniting the two parts of the stick. On the stem of the bolt which
is jointed to the chain shoulders are formed, which will allow of the
bolt when in one position passing the stop piece, but when turned a
little way round will prevent its returning, by presenting an
obstruction to the further passage of the bolt. The spring will thus
be held contracted, and when thus held the links of the chain will
protrude from the tube, and permit of the upper end of the stick
being bent down. To reinstate it in its position for use, it is only
requisite to bend it up and give it a slight axial twist to disengage
the shoulders from the stop piece, and the spring will then return
the cone socket to its place.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING POWER WHEN FLUIDSARE USED
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Bainbridge, of St. Paul's Church-
yard, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING POWER WHEN FLUIDS
ARE USED."
6 months.
Dated 22nd May 1852.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES TO BE WORKED BY AIR OR GASES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Heseltine the younger, of Hari, nwihe
the County of Essex, Gentleman, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ENGINES TO BE WORKED BY AIR OR GASES."
6 months.
Dated 24th April 1852.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS ON WATER
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Jepson Oddy Taylor, of Gracechurch Street,
in the City of London, Machinist, of an Extension for the term of Four Years,
from the First Day of May last, for part of his Invention described in the
original Letters Patent under the title of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF PROPELLING
SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS ON WATER."
Dated 6th July 1852.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAT-BANDS AND ARMLETS
Year: 1852

page_text: FI, JOHN BAYLIS, of 15, Owen's Row, in the County of Middlesex,
Crape Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAT-BANDS AND ARMLETS," to be as follows:---
My Invention consists in manufacturing elastic crape or arëophane
hat-bands and armlets, which will allow of such bands and armlets
being stretched over the larger part of a hat or of the arm, and at the
same time will insure their fitting with great nicety and neatness the
part intended for them. I am aware that elastic cloth and silk bands
have been suggested and used, but to obtain an elastic crape or
areophane band has been a desideratum not hitherto accomplished.
I first take a foundation (of or about the breadth of the intended
band) of cloth, or other suitable fabric, waterproofed or not, as required,
and insert between the two ends thereof a piece of caoutchouc of
sufficient length to allow of the amount of elasticity required. The
crape or areophane is then fastened at one end to the foundation, while
the other end of the crape or areophane overlaps that end so fastened,

page_text: and allows of the attached end sliding in or out of the lap, according to
the elongation or contraction of the foundation. The lateral edges of
the crape are turned down over the edges of the foundation, and are
fastened to it on the inside by gum, cement, or stitching.
Instead of caoutchouc, any other spring might be used, but not with 5
so beneficial an effect.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS OR STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Howard, of Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS OR STEAM GENERATORS."
Sealed the 22nd January 1858, and dated the 16th October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Howard at
the Office, of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th October 1852.
I, JOHN HOWARD, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS OR STEAM GENERATORS"
to be as follows:-
The novelty of this Invention consists in the general form and
configuration of the boiler as a whole, and more especially the thin
water space all round the fire obtained in a cylindrical form, giving
a larger amount of heating surface in proportion to the water cubical
contents than any other kind of fluid boiler. The advantages are as
follows:-
1. A larger proportion of fire grate and heating surface than any

page_text: other fluid boiler (or boiler where flues only are used in the boiler) in
proportion to the quantity of water therein contained.
2nd. The boiler being cylindrical in every part is of the strongest
possible form without the aid of stays.
3rd. Cheapness and extreme simplicity of construction, this form of
boiler weighing lighter per horse power than any other flued boiler.
4th. Entirely superseding the use of small tubes, which are liable to
get out of repair.
The steam room may be made of any required proportion, either by
increasing the number or size of the domes or steam chambers.
The boiler may be set up in brickwork in the usual manner, but I
should recommend the fire to be taken immediately under the centre of
the boiler, after leaving the flue, it may then return down either one or.
both sides as usual.
In the accompanying sketch Fig. 1, represents a vertical transverse
section of the boiler, and Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of the same
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Mudge Marchant at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ROBERT MUDGE MARCHANT, of Pimlico, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES" to be
as follows:-
I use a combination of cast iron and wrought iron, or of cast iron,
wrought iron, and wood; I employ the cast iron in compression, and
the wrought iron or timber in tension.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING AND DISINFECTING FATS AND FATTY BODIES, AND IN SEPARATING OLEINE FROM STEARINE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd October 1852.-A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of the firm of J. C. Robertson
and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING AND DISINFECTING FATS AND FATTY BODIES,
AND IN SEPARATING OLEINE FROM STEARINE," to be as follows:-
I obtain the bleaching and disinfecting of fats and fatty bodies, first,
by the injection of currents of steam or other aeriform body in finely
divided streams or jets by means of a tubular apparatus, with or with-
out the addition of chemical agents.
Second, by rapid rotary action, transmitted by a rotary apparatus,
whereby rapid absorption and accumulation of oxygen is caused in
the fatty body kept in a fluid state by steam, hot air, or other
equivalent means.
I separate oleine from steariné by rapid rotary action which has the
effect of expanding and dividing the stearic from the oleiac particles

page_text: to such extent that by subsequent pressure alone the separation is
complete.
In addition to the known chemical purifying and bleaching agents,
I make use of metallic acctates, oxalates, and oxydes of storax calamite
and of calamine.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF MUFFS, BOAS, TIPPETS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1852

page_text: of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
14th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, LOUIS ROSSI, of Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Perfumer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF MUFFS, BOAS, TIPPETS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of a fabric having some-
what the appearance of fur to the manufacture of muffs, boas, tippets,
and other articles which are or may be composed of skins of animals.
The fabric which I propose to employ has for its basis a knitted or
stocking fabric, which may be made by hand, but I prefer that it
should be made in the ordinary frame work knitting machine. At the
completion of every second, third, or fourth row of the work I place
upon the needles little tufts of llama wool, sheeps' wool, goats' hair, or
other like material, and knit this material into the work, whereby I am
enabled firmly to secure the wool or hair, and thus produce a cloth
with a long nap, having the appearance of fur. The amount of wool

page_text: or hair used, as respects the quantity contained in each row, as well as
the distance at which the rows are to be set apart; will depend on the
quality of the material desired to be produced. When the wool or hair
is short the rows will require to be nearer together than when a long
staple is employed, in order to hide the base of the fabric.
The chief advantages which will result from this new manufacture of
muffs, tippets, &c. will be exceeding lightness, and no risk of injury
from the moth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bethell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN BETHELL, of Parliament Street, in the City of West-
minster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel mode of constructing and ar-
ranging the steam and exit or escape ports of steam engines. In
steam engines of the ordinary construction the steam and exit ports
are placed at the side of the cylinders near the ends, a narrow space
being left between the cover of the cylinder and the top of the piston
to admit the steam, a similar arrangement being made at the oppo-
site end for the escape of the used steam, and consequently the steam
entering at the side of the cylinder is obliged to squeeze itself into
the narrow space left between the end of the cylinder and piston,
and then by its expansion in that narrow space to gradually force
the piston forward.
The present Invention consists in making the steam and exit or
escape ports in the ends or covers of the cylinder, and of such large

page_text: dimensions, that the steam, in entering the cylinder behind the piston,
may at once act with its full direct pressing force on the whole area
or surface of the piston, which will thereby be started more quickly
and with much greater power than in the old construction of
engines. By thus utilizing and properly applying all the direct
pressing force of the steam on the whole area of the piston, I am
enabled to cut off the steam at an earlier part of the stroke, and a
great economy naturally thereby ensues.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL FABRICS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Stewart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALEXANDER STEWART, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF
ORNAMENTAL FABRICS" to be as follows, that is to say:
This Invention relates to a novel and improved mode of figuring or
ornamenting woven fabrics of various classes by a peculiar adaptation
of what is technically known as the "discharge" process, or the
discharging or negativing of colour by printing or applying a suitable
discharging medium, such as an alkali chloride of line or acidulous
solutions, to a colored fabric. Such discharge process has especial
reference to the treatment of noncomposite fabrics, or fabrics made
entirely out of one material, but having two or more colours thereon.
For example, the material of the fabric may be all silk or all cotton,
with the warp and weft each colored differently, so that when such
fabric has a device printed upon it in a discharging medium one colour

page_text: only is removed by such medium from the piece. By this process,
whilst the ground of the piece remains as before printing, and retains its
duplex or other composition of colour, the discharge figured portion
presents the appearance of one set of discharged threads crossed by
another set of coloured threads. A very elegant effect is produced by
cheap and simple means, the process being capable of various modifi-
cations according to the particular fabric under the treatment, and the
colours adopted therein, or the discharging medium which is employed.
AN ATMOSPHERIC FREEZING MACHINE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Grimes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN GRIMES, of Coton House, in the County of Warwick,
Esquire, Captain in the Madras Army, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN ATMOSPHERIC FREEZING MACHINE" to be
as follows:-
The novelty of this machine consists in its effecting the operation of
freezing or refrigerating by discharging compressed air into a vacuum
surrounding the liquid or other material required to be frozen. The
accompanying Drawing is a représentation of this machine. A, is a
metal receiver (with screw top cock B, at top), which may be exhausted
by means of an air pump C, C. D, is a cylinder made of zinc or other
suitable metal, supported on the fixed metal stand E, and intended to
contain the water, mixture, fluid, or material to be frozen. F, is a copper
ball, which must be made of sufficient strength to resist a forcible
bursting pressure. This ball is intended as a reservoir for compressed
air. It can be unscrewed at G, when required to be charged, and com-
municates with the receiver A, by the pipe and double stop cock H, H.
The manner of, operating with this machine is as follows:-The water,

page_text: mixture, liquid, or material to be frozen having been placed in the
cylinder D, and the receiver A, exhausted, a portion of the highly con-
densed air in the ball F, (which air has been allowed to cool to the
temperature of the outward atmosphere, or artificially cooled below that
temperature,) is let into the vacuum surrounding the cylinder containing
the water, liquid, or other material to be frozen, any excess being allowed
to escape through the stop cock at top.
The copper ball containing air compressed, say to fifty atmospheres,
will supply several charges of the capacity of the receiver before re-
quiring to be recharged itself. The machine is represented in the
Drawing as on the scale of about 2 inches to a foot, the cylinder being
calculated to hold an imperial quart of water; but it may be made of
any size, and worked by steam or other power, and is equally well
applicable to making either rough or dessert ice.
THE MANUFACTURE OF A MATERIAL TO BE USED FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES INSTEAD OF WOOD, LEATHER, MILL BOARD, OR OIL CLOTH
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George William Ley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE WILLIAM LEY, of Grand Parade House, Brighton, in the
County of Sussex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "THE MANUFACTURE OF A MATERIAL TO BE USED FOR
CERTAIN PURPOSES INSTEAD OF WOOD, LEATHER, MILL BOARD, OR OIL CLOTH,"
to be as follows, viz. :-
The nature of my Invention consists in combining gutta percha with
dry peat dust, or turf dust, in the proportion of about one part of the
former to about three parts of the latter. Heat is required to effect
this combination.
The material may be formed into sheets, blocks, or other forms, by
rolling or pressing.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF EXHAUSTING SIPHONS OR PIPES FOR DRAWING OFF FLUIDS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Arnold Heathcote
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 9th November 1852.
I, JAMES ARNOLD HEATHCOTE, at present residing at Hackney, in
the County of Middlesex, Mate in the Indian Navy, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF EXHAUSTING SIPHONS OR PIPES FOR DRAWING OFF FLUIDS
be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the adaptation and application of a ball
valve or other valve of light action to siphons or pipes for drawing off
fluids, by means of which valve the exhaustion of air within the siphon
by the first passage of the fluid up the ascending leg of the siphon is
effected.
For this purpose when a ball valve is employed a valve seat with a
light ball over it, & fitting into it, is adapted and applied to the lower
end of the ascending leg of the siphon or pipe, the upward range of the
ball being limited by an arched metal cross, into or against which the
ball is driven by the pressure of the fluid upon its under surface.

page_text: In cases wherein it is desirable to add weight to the lower extremity
of the ascending leg of the siphon this may be done by inserting lead
beneath the valve seat.
In some cases also it may be desirable to adapt and apply an ordinary
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Willian Addison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM ADDISON, of 5, Catherine Terrace, Old Ford, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND PROPELLING VESSELS" to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists of forming vessels with recesses on either
side at or about midships. The forward part of each of such recesses
being struck from the centro of the axis of the propellors, each of
which consists of a portion (about half) of a cylinder, the diameter
of which is such as to lie within its recess; the curved portion of the
propeller being forward, and the flat portion aft, so that, when caused to
oscillate each propeller acts as a constant oar. The parts being also
arranged so as to reverse the action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS. USED IN CYLINDER PRINTING
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Walker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, HENRY WALKER, of Gresham Street West, in the City of
London, Needle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS. USED
IN CYLINDER PRINTING" to be as follows:-
By the use of these improvements I expect to save time, labor, and ma-
terial in printing newspapers, books, or other subjects where letter press
is usually used. They consist, firstly, in making or casting type or types
to or with the curve of the cylinder which is to be used therewith, or wood
or other blocks made or formed in a similar manner (such blocks or forms
to contain "type" or not, as required), and in fixing such typo blocks or
forms on the outer periphery of the cylinder or cylinders so that the
type will not fly off or become detached therefrom when such cylinders
are subjected to a rapid rotary motion. Secondly, I propose to alter
and amend the arrangements of existing machinery, and introduce new
apparatus for printing, so that the press or machine may be used with

page_text: cylinder motion, instead of the reciprocating motion now in general
uso; or that a perfect cylinder may be used for the "type form,"
instead of a sectional or panelled cylinder for flat faced parallel type.
Thirdly, as I consider an increased speed imparted to the inking rollers
would be prejudicial, and cause them to heat or soften, I intend using
two, three, or more sets of rollers, to be worked not simultaneously but
in their turns, say one set at work for a given time and two out of
gear, and so on, which will secure their being always cool; this im-
proved arrangement of rollers may be used with or without my other
improvements; the paper or material to be printed may be laid on
in a continuous web or in the usual manner, as may be preferred.
Fourthly, when I desire to print colors (one or more), I prefer the
blanket cylinder to be enlarged, as compared with existing newspaper
machinery), and operate on the paper or other material while it is
travelling round the cylinder by a series of type cylinders, each with its
seperate inking apparatus and its own color. The surfaces of these
cylinders are to work "to time" with each other, and to print their
different colors in "register" as the paper travelling round the blanket
cylinder passes under them. The whole of these improvements will be
fully explained and illustrated in and by my Final Specification, enough,
I think, being herein stated to give a clear exposition "in limine" of
my intended arrangements for improved machinery and apparatus to be
used in cylinder printing.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Pilbrow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES PILBROW, of Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER" to be as
follows:-
This machine is simply a water wheel (overshot) upon a small scale,
but acting by the force of a jet of water instead of by its gravity; it can
be employed upon a very small scale, and therefore, as well as from its
motion being very rapid, it is applicable to a great variety of purposes,
and is of casy possession wherever water is laid on under pressure. It
is of the utmost importance for turning lathes and other small machinery
for mechanics at their own homes, and for working cranes in docks and
wharves.
a, is a wheel turning upon an axle d, having a periphery divided into
small cavities, similar to the buckets of a water wheel, part of which
are shewn at c, by the removal of part of the side, as shewn. This

page_text: wheel is enclosed in a netal case e, e, e, having an outlet at f. The
case may be supported in any way found most convenient for its par-
ticular application by supports or bearers of wood, as at 1, 1, k. Into
this case will project the nozzle g, i, of a pipe, having a cock upon it h.
This nozzle being pointed tangential to the wheel, as shewn, and being
connected with a water main or pipe when the water is under high pres-
sure, the cock being opened, the jet of water issuing into the cavities of
the wheel urge it round in the direction of the arrows, and the waste or
expended water escapes by f. The machine will be under perfect control
through the stop cock h, and its velocity can be reduced to the speed
desired to work any particular machinery by pulleys and wheels and
bands, as shewn by the pulley m, or by pinnions and cog wheels, when,
of course, the power, which is comparatively small at the wheel, though
very rapid, can be increased almost to any amount. . n, n, represent
plumm blocks to steady the axle, and j, a partition to facilitate the
ejection of the waste water, and prevents its being carried round by
the wheel unnecessarily..
A NEW ARTIFICIAL MANURE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bird at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
October 1852.
I, JAMES BIRD, of N° 16, Orchard Street, Portman Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW ARTIFICIAL MANURE" to be as follows:-
I combine the cinders, slag, or scoria of the copper, iron, or glass
works, or of the iron foundries, broken, crushed, ground, and sifted,
with quicklime similarly treated, and with coprolites, either burnt or
unburnt, broken, crushed, ground, and sifted, or with phosphatic fossils
or marls, chloride of sodium, or animal bones, either burnt or unburnt,
and broken, crushed, ground, and sifted, as the case may be.
And I declare my Invention to consist in combining the above
substances so as to form an artificial manure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUFFERS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jaines Rock the younger
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Peti-
tion, on the 19th November 1852.
I, JAMES ROCK the younger, of Hastings, in the County of Sussex,
Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUFFERS" to be as follows:-
My Improvements in buffers for railway carriages consist in an
arrangement, by means of which the force of impact on the buffer
head on one side of the carriage is transferred to the framework of
the opposite side. This is effected by the use of either springs or
levers, kept out by means of a spring or springs crossing each other,
the buffer heads being placed on the advanced part of such springs
or levers, and the hinder ends either being jointed to the framework
on the opposite side, as shewn in Figure 1, or impinging upon
it with or without an intervening spring, as in Figure 2. By
this arrangement the buffers are enabled to adjust themselves
to each other, when the carriages to which they are attached are
traversing curves. A, A, Figure 1, is the framework of a railway
carriage; B, B, the buffer heads attached to the crossed levers C, C,
which are kept out by the springs D, and E, or by either of them

page_text: separately. The levers are attached to the frame of the carriage at
F, F. The same letters refer to similar parts in Figure 2, except
that the levers which in this Figure are jointed together by a
centre pin at the crossing point, are not attached to the frame of
the carriage at F, but abut against springs attached to the said
frame.
Figure 3, exemplifies the method of using crossed springs for
buffers without the intervention of levers to increase their motion.
B, B, are the buffer heads; C, C, the crossed springs attached to the
carriage at F, F.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GIGS AND OTHER CAR- BIAGES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George James Walker at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 8th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE JAMES WALKER, of Norton Folgate, in the County of
Middlesex, Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GIGS AND OTHER CAR-
BIAGES" to be as follows (that is to say):
My improvements, which have reference generally to gigs, phaetons,
and other carriages or vehicles of similar construction, have for their
object the furnishing of such carriages or vehicles with an appendage
that may admit of being added or removed at pleasure, and whereby
two or more additional seats may be put on or off, as is found convenient.
The accompanying Drawings represent a front elevation of an ordinary
gig with the appendages referred to in my improvements. a, a, body
of a gig or chaise; b, b, additional seat or seats; c, c, driving scats, by
a sliding arrangement of which greater room is obtained for the back
seats, and the balance upon the axletree better preserved; d, d, axle

page_text: bearing spring; c, friction roller, which is brought to act only in con-
junction with the extra seats when additional weight is exerted on the
body.
I claim as new and of my Invention in the above improvements, the
inode of converting single bodied or seated gigs or carriages into
double bodied, on the contrary, at pleasure, by fixing or removing the
back seats.