Improvements in Deodorizing and Decolorizing Fats and Oils.
Year: 1898

page_text: 1
Completo Carnif
Date of Application, 1st July, 1898
1
20th
4000
4000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Deodorizing and Decolorizing Fats and Oils.
I, EMILE ANDREOLI, of 147, Cold Harbour Lane, Camberwell, in the County of
London, Journalist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The present invention relates to a chemical process for disinfecting and de-
colorizing oils and fats and thereby rendering them of greater value and it
applies more particularly to the class of fatty matters which can be mixed with
water and from which afterwards they separate by cooling or by rest.
According to my invention I gently melt the fatty matter in water and keep
the mass in a state of agitation, and from time to time I add a diluted solution
of a sulphide, a sulphite or a hypochlorite (and advantageously hypochlorite of
magnesium) which effects the bleaching and the deodorizing without impairing
the qualities of the substances.
No acids are used as they would modify and injure the molecular constitution
of the fats, and no alkali is added to the fatty mass in order to avoid saponifica-
tion of the fats. Furthermore no chlorine is used as its action is violent and
injurious to the constitution of fatty substances.
A very moderate heat is applied so as to prevent the formation of chlorates
and an undue decomposition and consumption of hypochlorite or the like.
In some cases, before adding hypochlorite to the fats, I oxidize them by means
of a permanganate of sodium solution and a current of air or ozonised air blown
through them.
Improvements in Deodorizing and Decolorizing Fats and Oils.
EMILE ANDREOLI, Journalist, The Acacias, 147, Cold Harbour Lane, London,
S.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The present invention refers to a chemical process for disinfecting and making
paler oils and fats of low quality, and thereby rendering them of a greater value,
and it applies more particularly to the class of fatty matters which can be mixed
with water, and from which, afterwards, they separate by cooling or by rest.

page_text: In carrying out my invention, the melted fats are submitted in a convenient
vat or tank, provided with radial, or other stirrers, to a thorough washing in
hot water, & the mass, after it has been agitated for half an hour, or more, is
allowed to stand; then, the water and the impurities are separated, and thus the
subsequent treatment is facilitated.
The fat which is in a melted state, is mixed with 10 or 15 per cent. of hot
water, and when by agitation an homogeneous mass is formed, a solution of
hypochlorite is added, and the whole is thoroughly agitated.
I may use chloride of lime, but I prefer the other hypochlorites, such as those
of zinc, aluminium, ammonium, and especially of magnesium, which I prepare
by the decomposition of an equivalent of chloride of lime by ¼, ½, or 1 equiva-
lent of sulphate of zinc, alumina, magnesia, etc. The methods for obtaining
hypochlorite by adding sulphates, chlorides, or carbonates, to a solution of chloride
of lime, are well known, and I need not describe them.
I am well aware that hypochlorites have been used for bleaching different sorts
of goods, but to the best of my knowledge, such solutions have never been applied
to disinfecting and rendering paler fatty matters without the use of hydrochloric
or other acid, which liberates chlorine. I do not use any acid, as it would
modify and injure the molecular constitution of the fats, nor do I add any
alkali, so as to avoid saponification.
I find hypochlorite of magnesium advantageous because it has a greater
bleaching power than chloride of lime, and has no bad action on the fat. It is
more unstable, less caustic, and more efficient, than bleaching powder.
It is not advisable to introduce at once in the tank all the hypochlorite required
for the bleaching of the fat. Nor is it advisable to use a strong hypochlorite
solution.
The advantage of dilute solutions, is that the chlorine they contain is dis-
seminated in such a fine state of division, that it acts, though in a very feeble
manner, on all the particles of the fats which are broken up in the liquid.
When the bleaching takes place slowly, and the fats are not submitted to any
violent action, their decolorisation, and simultaneously their disinfection, is
better, and more regular.
The bleach liquid is poured gently into the melted fat by means of a tap, to
which a long pipe is attached, so that the bleach arrives at the bottom of the
tank, and acts on the fat in a state of division, without being in contact with the
atmospheric air, and the whole is thoroughly agitated and mixed, by means of
paddles, or other convenient stirrers, and by blowing in hot air. It goes without
saying that the bleaching solution must be hot, or else it would cool the fat.
As soon as the bleach is exhausted, a fresh quantity of it must be poured in
the tank. To this effect, the operation is stopped for a little while, and when
the agitation of the mass ceases, the separation of the fat and water takes place.
The water is run off from the bottom by means of a tap, or of taps, with which
the tank is provided. Then this exhausted liquid is replaced by a fresh solution
of bleach, or by water, if the fat has attained the proper degree of decolorization,
and if all trace of bad smell has disappeared.
It is advantageous to finish the operation by stirring up the fat and washing
it in hot water. It is essential to have a large tank, or two or three sets of pans
or tanks, in order to be able to treat a large quantity of fats per day.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my in-
vention, and in what maner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The disinfecting and bleaching treatment of fatty matters by an hypochlorite
solution, substantially as herein before described in the foregoing specification.
Dated this 28th day of March 1899.