Certain Improvements in Crushers and Pulverizers.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Certain Improvements in Crushers and Pulverizers.
We, JOSEPH BEHм, residing at No. 538 South First Street, in the. City of San Jose,
County of Santa Clara, Millwright, and JAMES JEROME SMITH, residing at No. 187
Hunter Street, in the City of Stockton, County of San Joaquim, Mining Engineer,
both of the State of California, one of the United States of America, do hereby declare
the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in rotary pulverizers; and it consists in the
construction and combination of devices which we shall hereinafter more fully describe
and claim.
Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanation of our
invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine and feeder.
Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical section of the feeding mechanism.
Figure 3 is a vertical section taken through the pulverizer in the plane - of
Figure 4, the upper half showing the open dies, and the lower half the solid dies.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the same taken in the plane y-y of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the movable feeding-plate.
Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a die, showing the discharging-slot.
A is the case, within which revolves a disk B, carrying the arms C. The case A is
made in two halves which are hinged together horizontally at a, so that the upper half
of the case may be opened about the hinge-joint to allow the inspection of the interior
or the adjustment of the shoes and dies. When closed, the two halves are firmly
clamped together by bolts b, passing through lugs upon the sides, as shown.
The two halves of the case are also divided vertically in a plane transverse to
the axis, and the meeting-edges of the joints are packed to prevent the escape of the
dust.
Within the case, around its inner periphery, are fixed the dies D, and E, and
they are held in place by the end-compression caused by drawing the sections together
by the bolts c.
In
When these bolts are loosened, the dies may be removed or adjusted at will.
order to separate the sides of the case after the bolts are loosened, we employ screws c',
which screw into one side of the case, and their ends abut against the other side, so
that when turned, they will act to force the sides apart. After the proper changes of
adjustment are made, these pressure-screws are turned back, and the nuts upon the
bolt c are again tightened.
In Figure 3, we have shown two arrangements of the wearing-dies which are fixed
within the case.
In the lower half of this Figure the dies D project above the dies E,
so that the interior presents a corrugated surface.
These dies are made reversible so that when the reversible edges on one side are
In the
worn off, the dies may be turned and the opposite edges brought into service.
upper part of Figure 3, we have shown the dies having the faces which are presented
inwardly, beveled as shown at D', so that a depression will be formed between the dies
at the meeting of the lowest part of these beveled edges.
The crown or highest part, where each two alternate dies meet, is slotted so as to form
passages D2, which discharge radially outward into the spaces outside of the dies and
between the dies and the case.
The construction of these passages is well shown in the enlarged view, Figure 6,
one-half of each passage being cast in each of the adjacent abutting dies, so
that when the dies are brought together, the passages will be complete.
discharge-passages are wider at the outer end than at the inner end, so that any
CD71
.These

page_text: material which can pass through the inner ends of the slots, will pass through the
discharge without clogging the passage.
When the solid dies are employed, any ore which is fed into the machine must pass
entirely around the interior before it reaches the discharge-openings which are near the
feed-opening, but when it is desirable to crush the ore only to a certain degree of
fineness, these slotted dies are employed, and when the ore has reached the proper
degree of fineness, it will pass through these slots, and will be discharged into the case,
and thence through the proper discharge-passage or opening without being subjected
to further trituration. The arms Chave shoes F, bolted to them and projecting
radially toward the interior of the case.
These shoes are also reversible when the outer ends have been worn off too short for
effective service. When thus reversed, the spaces left between the periphery of the
disks and the inner ends of the shoes will admit the dust and ore, which, if allowed to
strike against the arms C, would in time wear them off. We, therefore, employ thin
sheets of steel G, which are clamped between the shoes F, and the arms C, and project
across the open spaces so as to protect the arms C from wear. The shoes F are made
with projecting lugs which fit into corresponding depressions in the arms C, and the
fastening-bolts pass through these lugs, as shown in the sectional view of the upper
arm and shoe in Figure 3.
This gives sufficient strength without making the bolts too large. Radial openings H,
are made in the sides of the case A, surrounding the center, and corresponding
shutters I, slide in channels or guides so as to close or open these spaces. J is a yoke
which arches across the space occupied by the openings H, and the screw K, passes
through this yoke, so that the point may be made to press upon the shutters I, and
thus close them or hold them at any desired point.
These shutters may be moved so as to partially or entirely close the inlet openings,
and when the screw is applied and the openings are entirely closed, no air will be
allowed to pass through them.
When the openings are uncovered, air is allowed to enter the case, the rapid rotation
of the arms and beaters acting like a fan-blower, and the air thus admitted assists in
the discharge of the ore when sufficiently pulverized. The amount of air admitted is
regulated by the opening or closing of the shutters, and the ore will thus be discharged
more or less rapidly. The longer it is retained in the pulverizer the finer it will be
crushed. The disk B is properly formed opposite the inlet-opening to allow the air
to enter freely, and so as to direct it outwardly toward the periphery of the case and
the discharge-openings.
The ore is fed into the apparatus as follows:-
:-
K¹ is a chute which opens into the casing A, and is provided with a gate L. This
gate closes by gravitation toward the chute, but will open to permit ore to pass
beneath it. This chute is supplied with ore intermittently by means of the dumping
box M, which is supported upon the shaft N above the chute. Upon each side of
the chute K¹ are disks or flanges O, which are secured to the shaft P.
flanges have segments or cams cut away as shown at Q. When these cam-disks are
turned so as to bring these openings beneath the box, the latter will be tilted down-
ward, and discharge its contents into the chute.
These
Upon each side of the front of the box are rollers R, which rest upon the rims of
the cam-disks O, and thus support the front of the box until the cam-portion arrives
beneath the rollers and allows it to drop, as above described. The box M is supplied
with ore from the table or chute T, upon which the ore is delivered from a hopper U.
A curved segment V is secured to the box M, extending across its rear end, and when
the box tilts, this segment moves up in front of the table T, and temporarily stops the
flow of the ore therefrom. In order to move the ore forward upon the table or chute T,
upon which it is discharged from the hopper U, we have shown a plate S, journaled
upon a shaft S', which extends horizontally across the full width of the interior of the
table or chute T. The journal-shaft S₁ is bolted to the back of the plate S, and its
ends are curved around the sides or edges of this plate, so that the journals proper are
in line with the edges of the plate, as shown in Figure 5.

page_text: These journals turn in suitable boxes, and upon one end of the journal-shaft is fixed
a crank-arm m. From this crank-arm a rod n extends backward, and is connected
with an eccentric o upon the shaft of the wheel p, so that the rotation of this wheel and
eccentric act to oscillate the plate S within the table or chute T.
This oscillating movement of the plate S, acts to push the ore forward in. the chute T,
and thus gradually discharge it into the dump-box M.
The upper edge of the plate S, has a flange or projection S³. The upper surface of
this flange is curved with a radius of the curve from the center on which the
shaft S is journaled. This flange moves beneath the edge of the hopper U, and
serves to keep a tight joint and prevent the ore from falling over behind the
feeding-plate S.
W is the main driving pulley from which a belt X passes around the pulley upon
the driving shaft of the pulverizer, and by means of beveled gears Y, and the inter-
mediate shaft Z, power is transmitted from the shaft of the pulley W, to drive the
feeder at the proper rate of speed to supply the pulverizer.
The journal-boxes of the shaft B', upon which the disk B is secured, are supported upon
suitable bearings outside of the case A, the shaft passing into the case through openings
which are slightly larger than its diameter, and as the centrifugal action of the beaters
tends to draw the ore in through these openings, there will be no discharge of dust
at this point, and wear upon the shaft and bearings is thus prevented.
We have shown two forms of discharge in our apparatus. In one of these forms,
which is illustrated in Figures 1, and 3, we employ the discharge-pipes e, and f, which
lead directly to the interior of the case. One of these discharge-passages f, opens into
the case at the same point with the feed-chute K', but it curves slightly away from it,
as shown, so that the discharge will not be thrown backward and out of the chute.
The other opening is situated just behind the first one and nearer the top of the case.
Around the interior of the case and outside the dies D, and E, is a channel 9, which
extends all the way around, and opens beneath the apparatus at h. When the
dies D, and E, are set closely together, as shown in the lower part of Figure 3, the
ore will pass around within the circle of the dies and discharge through either one
or the other of the passages e, or f, as may be desired, and with a rapidity depending
upon the opening given to the air-inlets H. When the ore is to be pulverized more
coarsely, as in the case where the dies, having the slots D2, are employed, the ore will
pass through these openings into the channel 9, and thus out through the open
passage h at the bottom.
Suitable gates or valves may be arranged to control the discharge-passages e, and f,
which open to the interior of the case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim, is:
1. A crusher or pulverizer, consisting of an exterior circular casing, a disk with
radial arms and shoes attached to said arms and rotating within the casing, adjustable
dies fixed in the circle within the casing and exterior to the line of the rotation of the
arms, said dies being made either solid or with slots or openings through or between
then and having beveled faces, substantially as described.
2. A centrifugal crusher and pulverizer, comprising an exterior casing with dies
arranged and secured around the periphery, with discharge-openings, as shown, a shaft
and hub with radial arms, and shoes or beaters, slots opening into the sides of the
casing for the admission of air, and plates or shutters by which the openings are
regulated or closed, a yoke extending over these shutters and openings, and a
clamping-screw, whereby the shutters are secured or locked in place, substantially as
described.
3. The rotary crusher, having the exterior casing with the inlet and discharge-
openings, the rotary arms or beaters, the feeding-chute, and the hinged tilting box
with its operating mechanism, the stationary table having the oscillating pushing plate
or feeder, the crank-arın, connecting-rod and eccentric, by which said plate is actuated

page_text: so as to advance the ore toward the feed-chute of the pulverizer, substantially as
described.
4. A sectional exterior casing, having dies fitted therein, bolts and nuts by which
the sections of the case are secured together or separated at will, a disk mounted upon
a shaft, and rotating within the circle of the dies, said disk having shoes or beaters
attached to its periphery, a feed-chute and mechanism whereby the ore is deliverod
to the interior of the machine to be acted upon by the beaters and shoes,
discharge-openings through which the pulverized ore may escape from the casing,
and air-inlet openings with controlling gates or shutters, whereby the rate of
discharge and degree of pulverization of the ore may be regulated, substantially as
described.
Dated this Sixth day of September. 1889.