An Improved Hot-water Attachment for Stoves.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 5th Apr., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Hot-water Attachment for Stoves.
I, GILBERT THOMAS BREWER of No. 82 Eleventh Street Hoboken in the County of
Hudson and State of New Jersey, United States of America Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention consists of a hot water attachment for heating stoves comprising a
water back located in a recess in the fire box on the level of the fire bed or there-
about, together with a reservoir tank suspended in the upper part of the stove and
connected with the water back by pipes enabling effective circulation of the water
between the fire back and reservoir or tank to take place with a supply pipe
connected with the water back and a draw off cock to the tank, and also with
water circulating pipes for circulation of the water through radiators for a hot
water heating system and being of such effective power of circulation that the
radiators may be located either higher or lower than the stove all as hereinafter
fully described reference being made to the accompanying drawing in which :-
-
Fig. 1, is a perspective view of a stove with a part broken out showing the
application of the attachment as I arrange it, and with a radiator attachment in side
elevation.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the stove.
The water back a, is located in the recess b, in the fire box at the level of the fire
bed or thereabout for being most effectually heated, and has the induction pipe d,
and eduction pipe e, for circulating between it and the reservoir h, connected with it
through the shell of the fire box.
The recess is made open at the upper end flush with the upper end of the
lower section of the fire box, and the flange f, formed on the lower end of the
upper section of the fire box to rest on the top of the lower section and project
over and conceal the joint is made with a suitably projecting section g, to cover the
recess, and the connecting pipes d, e, are connected through this projection with the
water back, the reservoir h, is located inside of the heating drum i, above the fire box
by suspending it therein through an opening in the stove top, and the circulating
pipes d, and e, are connected with it through the side of the drum so that the whole
area of the reservoir except the top is directly exposed to the heat within the drum,
instead of the bottom only, as such attachments have been heretofore made with the
reservoir on the top of the stove, and its heating power is thereby very greatly increased
so that with the additional heating power of the water back, I have contrived a stove
attachment practically available for heating other rooms by the circulation of hot
water through radiators j, therein, and to this end 1 now attach the pipe k, for the
outflow of the hot water to the top of the reservoir, and the return pipe 1, for
the cold water to the water back so that a circulation of water through a radiating
system is also maintained, besides the local circulation between the water back and
the reservoir, making a very simple, cheap and efficient heating system that may be
readily and temporarily set up when it may be wanted and be as readily removed
and such as can be operated by merely firing the ordinary heating stove.
But for the circulation through the radiator system it is not absolutely essential
that more than one of the pipes connecting the reservoir and the water back be used,
it is only when the attachment is to be employed as a heater for water to be drawn
from the reservoir as by the faucet w, that both are positively required, but they
facilitate the hot water system also by the local circulation they promote and are
preferred for that also.

page_text: It is indeed much better for it seems to be clearly demonstrated by the practical
operation of the attachment that the circulation through the radiator system is
much more effective with the water back and tank connected by two pipes than
with only one pipo. I believe it to be due to less back pressure on the water
returning into the tank through the water back, because with the two pipes the one
through which the water returns from the tank to the water back affords greater
relief to the back pressure of the steam and hot water forcibly impelled from the hot
surfaces of the tank whilst the water has unobstructed flow into the tank from the
water back through the other pipe, and is at the same time accelerated somewhat by
the force of the current returning into the water back, at any rate the activity of the
circulation through the radiators has been found in practice to be much greater with
the two pipes than with one, whatever the action may be, and the two pipes afford
local circulation when the radiators are shut off.
The apparatus being once charged with water will seldom need replenishing except
when used for drawing hot water, but in practice there may be a feed water pipe m,
from the water main connecting with the return pipe l, or directly with the water
back to increase the quantity of the water as needed as there may be some waste
through the vents of the radiators or through an open stand pipe t, that it may be
desirable to have rising a suitable distance above the radiator for the varying level
of the water through the variations of the temperature and of the water supply, and
when the radiator is to be placed below the level of the stove the column of hot water
in this stand pipe being lighter than in the rest of the circulating system establishes
the circulation causing the heavier cold water to ascend from the radiator into the
heater again. This is also facilitated by the circulation between the water back
and the tank in the top of the stove. The large volume of water contained in the
water back and tank prevents steam from being generated which would tend to
prevent the ascent of the cold water through the return pipe especially before the
return pipe becomes heated.
This is an especial advantage of this arrangement for heating the water as compared
with a coil heater placed in the stove with the circulating pipes extended below, which,
owing to the small quantity of water contained in the coil and the large amount of
surrounding metal is liable to be quickly heated and steam pressure generated which
flows alike into the return pipe and the outflow, so as to stop circulation and cause the
pipe to be burned.
The reservoir is suspended by its flange n, in an annular recess o', of the stove top
surrounding the opening through the top of the stove for the reservoir, and which is
closed thereby and the cover p, of the reservoir is bolted on tightly to prevent
leakage.
and
The reservoir extends downwards in the stove below the smoke pipe opening ?,
at the bottom of said opening is a heat deflector s, stopping the direct upward flow
of the heat thereto on the side of the reservoir next to the opening and causing
it to rise up the other side and then pass around to have better effect on the reservoir.
The return pipe of the hot water circulating system may be connected directly with
the reservoir if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The combination with a stove of the hot water attachment consisting of the
water back located in the recess in the inside of the fire box at the level of the fire
bed or thereabout, and the reservoir suspended in the upper part of the stove from the
top, and the circulating pipes connected with the water back and reservoir through.
the shell of the stove substantially as described.
2nd. The combination with a stove of the hot water attachment consisting of the
water back located in the recess in the inside of the fire box at the level of the fire
bed or thereabout, the reservoir suspended in the upper part of the stove from the top,

page_text: a pipe connecting the water back and reservoir, the outflow pipe of a circulating
system connected with the reservoir and the return pipe of said system connected
with the water back substantially as described.
3rd. The combination with a stove of the hot water attachment consisting of the
water back located in the recess in the inside of the fire box at the level of the fire
bed or thereabout, the reservoir suspended in the upper part of the stove from the top,
two pipes connecting the water back and reservoir the outflow pipe of circulating
system connected with the reservoir and the return pipe of said system connected with
the water back substantially as described.
Dated this 4th day of March 1890
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Associate Agent.