Improvements in Dyeing Vegetable Materials.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 19th May, 1898-Accepted, 30th July, 1898
Kingdom of Belgium, Chemist.]
Improvements in Dyeing Vegetable Materials.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, 6, Lord Street,
Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and
Lower Temple Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
The present invention relates to a process for dyeing cotton, linen, and other tex-
tile vegetable materials of all kinds a blue colour simultaneously with shades
more or less near blue or violet by the use together or consecutively of the
diamine blues and of red or brown alizarine either with or without an alizarine
blue upon mordants of iron or of chromium, alone or mixed. There are obtained
by means of these two mordants results almost equivalent except that the shades
dyed by alizarine with chrome mordants are redder than those dyed with iron
a smaller quantity
mordants; it is advisable therefore to make use of
chrome mordants if the same
of alizarine lye when working with
shade is desired. By the term alizarine red I desire to indicate artificial colours
of the same class which serve to replace the alizarine of madder such as alizarine
purple, anthra purpurine, flavo purpurine, and so forth, as also the natural
Although iron 'and
alizarine of madder under its various commercial forms.
chromium salts are the most suitable for use in this dyeing; many other metallic
salts will also produce results sufficiently satisfactory, and I regard as portion of
my invention the replacing of the chromium mordants therein by other suitable
metallic salts. The operation is effected upon cotton oiled or not oiled. On oiled
cotton darker shades are obtained with the same quantity of dye and they are also
somewhat brighter, but a good result is also obtainable upon cotton not oiled.
In this latter case it is advisable to make use of a little tannin in order to fix
the metallic mordant. A larger quantity of tannin renders the shades also darker,
but then they will have less brightness.
The principal advantage of the invention consists in the fact that it becomes
possible by means of my process to produce by the aid of diamine blues at excep-
tionally cheap rates medium and dark shades which do not run upon the white
even when they are boiled with alkaline lyes. Amongst the brands of diamine
dyes known to commerce it is advisable to select such as give the purest
shades and which at the same time do not run upon the white, such as the
brand BB of the firm of Cassella and Company of Frankfort. The brilliancy of
the shades can be increased by making use of a little aniline violet or of methylene
blue, or of any other suitable aniline colour either added to the dye bath or used
after the first dyeing in a separate bath or when chrome mordants are used by
adding a little alizarine blue to the dye bath.

page_text: By way of example of the use of my invention I give a method of dyeing ten
kilos. of cotton, linen, or the like as follows:-
.
The
The material to be dyed is first oiled with from 600 grammes of oxidized oil,
after the oiling it is exposed to the air for from 12 to 24 hours, and then it is
dried. After this it is moistened with cold water and wrung out. The material
is then passed into the mordanting bath composed of 80 litres of cold water, 120
to 200 grammes of copperas, or of 200 to 300 grammes of chrome alum.
material is worked half an hour in this bath and is then rinsed out, after which it
is dyed in a bath composed as follows:-100 litres of cold water, from 80 to 400
grammes of dye, or from 150 to 400 grammies of dye according to the shade which
is required, 1 kilo. of seasalt. The whole is heated up to boiling point and allowed
to boil for an hour and a half. It is then diazotated in the ordinary manner for
10 to 15 minutes and preferably in wooden or copper vessels with the following
mixture: 120 litres of cold water, 250 grammes of nitrite of sodium; 500
grammes of sulphuric acid. The material is then rinsed out and the colour deve-
loped with 90 grammes B napthol; 75 gramines caustic soda of 40° Beaume which
has been previously dissolved in a little boiling water, and diluted with 100 litres
of cold water. The goods are worked in this bath for a quarter of an hour and
then rinsed. In order to increase the brilliancy of the colour the goods are passed
for some minutes through a second bath containing 5 to 20 grammes of marine
blue or aniline violet of some kind and then dried. They may also pass through a
soap bath after the treatment with B naphthol for the purpose of brightening and
softening the materials, but this operation is not indispensable.
Second example:-The material to be dyed, such as cotton, linen, and the like
is first boiled, then mordanted in the following bath for half an hour: -80 litres
of cold water, 40 grammes of tannin, after half an hour there is added to the bath
120 to 200 grammes of copperas, or 200 to 300 grammes of chrome alum. The
goods are worked for half an hour in this bath, then rinsed out, and the dyeing is
continued as in the first example.
1
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents for the Applicant, 322, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dyeing Vegetable Materials.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, 6, Lord Street,
Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and
Lower Temple Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Civil Engineer, do
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the dyeing of cotton, linen or other vegetable textile
materials in blue or shades of blue and violet character by employing together or in
succession diaminogene blues and red or brown alizarine with or without blue
alizarine, on iron or chrome mordants separate, or mixed. Similar results are
obtained from either mordant, but as the shades resulting from the use of chrome
mordants are redder than those from iron, less alizarine is required with the
chrome mordants for a certain shade. Red alizarine is to be understood as
including the artificial colouring matters of the same family used as substitutes
for inadder alizarine, such as purpurine, anthrapurpurine, flavopurpurine &c. as
well as madder alizarine in its various forms.
Although iron and chrome salts are best suited for these dyes, other metallic

page_text: salts also give satisfactory results and are to be included as taking part in the
process according to my invention.
The dyeing may be applied to cotton whether oiled or not. When the cotton
is oiled, deeper and more vivid shades are obtained than when it is not oiled,
in which case it is well to use a little tannin to fix the metallic mordant.
A large
proportion of tannin renders the dye deeper but not so vivid.
The utility of the process consists in its rendering it possible to produce with
diaminogene blues under exceptionally cheap conditions middling and deep shades
which do not run on the white even when washed with alkaline lyes. Among
commercial diaminogene colouring matters those should be chosen which give the
purest shades and do not run on the white, such as the Casella BB.
The lustre of the dyes may be enhanced by employing a little aniline violet,
methylene blue or other suitable aniline colour, either in the dyeing bath or in a
separate bath after the dyeing; or when chrome mordants are used a little aliza-
rine blue may be added to the dye bath.
EXAMPLE I.
Dyeing 10 kilos. of material. The material is first treated with 600
to 1000 grammes of oxidised oil, then exposed to the air for 12 to 24 hours, and
dried; it is then moistened with cold water and wrung. The material is then
mordanted in a bath consisting of 80 litres of cold water 120 to 200 grammes of
copperas, or 200 to 300 grammes of chrome alum, it is worked in this bath for
half an hour, then rinsed and introduced into the dye bath containing 100 litres
of cold water and according to the shade desired 80 to 400 grammes of red aliza-
rine, and 150 to 400 grammes of diaminogene blue and 1 kilo. of sea salt, to which
it is well to add a little soda. The bath is heated slowly up to boiling, and boiled
for an hour and a half, then the material is diazotised in the usual way for 10 to
15 minutes preferably in a wood or copper vessel with 120 litres of cold water, 250
grammes of sodium nitrite, and 500 grammes of sulphuric acid. It is then rinsed
and the colour is developed with 90 grammes of ẞ-napthol and 75 grammes of
caustic soda at 40° Bè previously dissolved together in a little boiling water and
diluted with 100 litres of cold water. The material is worked in this bath for a
quarter of an hour, then rinsed.
In order to brighten the colour, the material is worked for some minutes in a
cold bath containing to 20 grammes of marine blue or any aniline violet, then
dried. After treatment with the B-napthol, the material may receive a soap
bath to brighten and soften it but this is not absolutely necessary.
EXAMPLE II.
The material is first boiled and mordanted for half an hour in a
bath consisting of 80 litres of cold water, 40 grammes of tannin, to which after
half an hour are added 120 to 200 grammes of copperas or 200 to 300 grammes of
chrome alum. The material is worked another half hour in this bath and rinsed,
after which the dyeing is completed as in Example I.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
Dyeing cotton or other vegetable textile materials blue or shades near blue by
treatment with diaminogene blues, and red or brown alizarine with or without
alizarine blue on metallic mordants especially salts of iron or chromium, substan-
tially as described.
|Dated this 18th day of May 1898.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.