IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER-TAPS OR VALVES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Chisholm the elder and George Chisholm the
younger both of the Town and County of Stirling North Britain for an
invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER-TAPS OR VALVES"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Chisholm the elder
and George Chisholm the younger at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 16th June 1882.
GEORGE CHISHOLM, the elder, and GEORGE CHISHOLM, the younger, both of the
Town and County of Stirling, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER TAPS,
OR VALVES,"
This Invention which relates to improvements in water taps or valves has
reference
First, to what are known as swan-neck" taps, or valves
Second, to "nose," taps, or valves, and
Third, to what are commonly called ballcocks.
"
In "swan-neck taps, or valves, constructed according to this Invention the
moveable plug of the valve to which the swan-neck is attached has an eccentric,
or cam, formed upon it at a position opposite to the supply pipe. In the casing
of the swan-neck to which the supply pipe is attached a feathered spindle is
placed, the inner end of which is fitted with a roller upon which the eccentric acts
when turning the swan-neck into the position for the discharge of water.
A cup-
like piece is formed on the opposite end of the feathered spindle, the spindle being
of such length that when the swan-neck is in the position of not discharging
water the cup-like piece of the spindle passes to a short distance within the end of
the tubular orifice wherein the spindle works. An elastic ball rests against the cup
of the spindle and when the swan-neck is in the position of being shut the pressure
of water squeezes it into the cup and flattens it over the end of the orifice. When
it is desired to draw off water the eccentric on the swan-neck plug pressing against
the roller end of the spindle forces the spindle and elastic ball backwards and
thereby opens the discharge.

page_text: In the "nose" taps, or valves, an analogous arrangement is provided excepting
that the plug is substituted by a packed spindle formed with an eccentric or cam
which on being turned pushes the valve off from or allows it to be pressed to its
seat.
In the Ball-cocks or valves the elastic ball is carried upon the top of a short 5
moveable discharge tube which when the float-ball is in its highest position is
caused to descend below the valve-seat, thereby allowing the elastic ball to be
forced by the water-pressure down onto its seat and when the float is low this
tube is lifted so that it carries or raises the elastic ball off its seat.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Chisholm the elder and George Chisholm the younger in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th December 1882.
GEORGE CHISHOLM, the Elder, and GEORGE CHISHOLM the Younger both of the
Town and County of Stirling North Britain "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER TAPS OR
VALVES
"
Our said Invention which relates to improvements in water-taps or valves has
reference.
First to what are known as "swan-neck" taps or valves.
"
Second-to " nose taps or valves and,
Third to what are commonly called Ball-cocks.
"
"
In "swan-neck" taps or valves constructed according to this Invention the move-
able plug of the valve to which the "swan-neck" is attached has an eccentric, or cam,
formed upon it at a position opposite to the supply pipe. In the casing of the
"swan-neck to which the supply-pipe is attached a feathered spindle is placed,
the inner end of which is fitted with a roller upon which the eccentric acts when
turning the "swan-neck into the position for the discharge of water. A cup-
like piece is formed on the opposite end of the feathered spindle, the spindle being
of such length that when the "swan-neck " is in the position of not discharging
water the cup-like piece of the spindle passes to a short distance within the end of
the tubular orifice wherein the spindle works. An elastic ball rests against the cup
of the spindle and when the "swan-neck," is in the position of being shut the
pressure of water squeezes it into the cup and flattens it over the end of the orifice.
When it is desired to draw off water the eccentric on the "swan-neck " plug
pressing against the roller end of the spindle forces the spindle and elastic ball
backwards and thereby opens the discharge.
"
In the " nose taps, or valves, an analogous arrangement is provided excepting
that the plug, is substituted by a packed spindle formed with an eccentric or cam,
which, on being turned, pushes the valve off from, or allows it to be pressed to its
Beat.

page_text: In the ball-cocks or valves the elastic ball is carried upon the top of a short
moveable discharge tube which when the float-ball is in its highest position is
caused to descend below the valve-scat, thereby allowing the elastic-ball to be
forced by the water-pressure down into its seat and when the float is low this
tube is lifted so that it carries or raises the elastic-ball off its seat.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood we now
proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner in or under
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say,
"
Figure 1, is a side elevation of a "swan-neck tap or valve constructed
according to and constituting the first part of our present Invention.
Figure 2, is a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3, is a plan of the same.
Figures 4, and 5, are longitudinal sections of the same taken on lines at right
angles to each other.
Figure 6, is a horizontal section of the same.
"
Figure 7, is a longitudinal section of a "nose" tap or valve constructed according
to and constituting the second part of our present Invention.
Figure 8, is a longitudinal section of a ball-cock " or valve constructed
according to and constituting the third part of our present Invention.
Figure 9, is a longitudinal section of a modified form of " ball-cock
constructed according to and constituting part of our present Invention.
Figure 10, is a side elevation of a detached portion of apparatus constituting
part of our present Invention.
Figure 11, is a transverse section of the same.
"
or valve
In constructing "swan-neck" taps or valves according to our present Invention
we form upon the moveable plug a, an eccentric b, the position of which is opposite
to the supply pipe and ferrule c. Within the ferrule c, the feathered spindle d, is
capable of sliding longitudinally and is prevented from moving radially by the
pin e, secured to the tap and upon which the feathered spindle d, slides by means of
a slot being formed on the underside of the same. The inner end of the feathered
spindle d, is provided with the roller f, which is to reduce the friction between the
eccentric b, against which it bears and the feathered piece d, which carries it.
The outer end of the feathered piece is provided with the cup-like recess g, which
bears against the india-rubber ball h, when the tap is opened as shewn on the
accompanying Drawings. When the valve is closed the india rubber ball h, is
pressed against the valve-seat v, formed by the nipple end of the tap by the pressure
of water at the back of it and thus prevents the passage of water around it The
valve-seat v, is preferably cut obliquely and the cup-like recess g, is formed obliquely
but at the opposite angle to that of the valve seat v, these oblique surfaces
facilitate the opening and closing of the tap or valve inasmuch as they convey to
the india-rubber ball h, a rolling motion when the tap is being operated and so
prevent the jarring of the ball h, against the valve-seat v, that would otherwise be
caused from the
pressure
of water being checked suddenly by a square end.
In the "nose taps or valves the feathered spindle d, and india-rubber ball h,
are provided as in the last described "swan-neck" tap or valve, but for the
operation of the same we place on the packed spindle i, the eccentric j. At the
lower end of the spindle i, is provided a bearing k, for the same, and at its upper
end it is packed in the usual manner at 1, the packing being prevented from passing
down into the tap or valve by the washer m, which is carried upon the projection n
the diameter of which is just sufficient to allow of the passage therethrough of the
eccentric; when the tap or valve is in construction. This nose tap or valve is
operated in a similar manner to the "swan-neck " tap or valve herein before
described that is to say when the spindle i, is turned into the position represented
on the accompanying Drawings the tap or valve is opened, and to close it the

page_text: spindle i, is turned one half a revolution so that the india rubber ball h, bears by
the pressure of water at the back of it against the valve seat v.
When the
In the "ball-cock" or valve represented in longitudinal section at Figure 8, the
india rubber ball h, is carried upon the top of the tube o, which when the float ball
fitted to the lever p, is in its highest position descends and is pressed upon the
valve seat q, so that the water is unable to pass through the tube o.
lever is in its lowest position the tube o, is raised and the ball h, is rolled to one
side by reason of the obliquity of the end of the tube o, and the water passes
therethrough and also through the water-way w, in the tube o.
"
or
As a modification of our Invention we have annexed Figure 9, of the accom-
panying Drawings and which modification is shewn to apply to a "ball cock or
valve, but it may be applied to all those herein before described. The modification
consists in substituting for the india rubber ball h, a ball of stone, glass, porcelain,
or any other suitable material and providing in place of a metal valve seat, a valve
seat r, of india rubber or of any other suitable material. In the "ball cock"
valve represented at Figure 9, the ball h, formed of stone or any other suitable
material is moved from its seat i, which is preferably conical in form by the
moveable spindle 8, whose upper end is cut obliquely for the purpose hereinbefore
described and the water passes out of the tap or valve through the water-way t.
In all the taps or valves herein before described a bar u, is provided behind the
ball h, to prevent the same from rolling back into the pipe which might be caused
by accident or otherwise.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and the system mode or manner in or under which the same is or may
be used or practically carried into effect we would observe in conclusion that what
we consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to us by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is :
First The construction of taps or valves through which the passage of water is
regulated by a ball of india rubber or other equivalent material operated by an
eccentric acting upon a spindle substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
set forth with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Second-The construction of taps or valves through which the passage of water
is regulated by a ball of stone, glass, porcelain, or other equivalent material in com-
bination with a valve seat of india rubber or other equivalent material, substantially
as and for the purpose herein before set forth with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
Third-The " ball-cock" shewn at Figures 8, and 9, of the accompanying
Drawings and operating as herein before described.
In witness whereof I George Chisholm, the Younger have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Eleventh day of December in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-two
ARANAN
GEORGE CHISHOLM JUN. (L.S.)