IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Broadley, of Saltaire, in the County of
York, Overlooker to Messrs. Titus Salt, Sons, & Co., of Saltaire, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Broadley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th November 1856.
I, JAMES BROADLEY, of Saltaire, in the County of York, Overlooker to
Messrs. Titus Salt, Sons, & Co., of Saltaire, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to when weaving simultaneously two or more
breadths of fabric side by side in the same loom, the breadths being connected
together in the weaving by the weft threads, and afterwards separated by the
cutting up across of such threads.
On the Twenty-third day of June, 1855, Patent Protection was obtained by
Frederick William Mowbray, of Shipley, near Leeds, for effecting the tieing-in
of such weft threads at adjoining selvages, by giving to a pair of warp threads
at each of such selvages a continuous rotary motion, in place of, as heretofore,
motion alternately in one and then the opposite direction, and for cutting up
between the breadths during the weaving. Such threads of each such selvage are
supplied from a pair of bobbins, which are retained by spring or other friction,
upon, and one at each end of a small shaft carried by a disc or other frame,

page_text: which is caused to rotate. These bobbins of each disc or frame are placed at
opposite sides of the axis of motion thereof, and the threads therefrom pass
through suitable eyes or guides to the same face of the disc or frame, but at
opposite parts of its axis, in order that in the rotation of such disc or frame the
threads may alternately open a shed for the passage of the shuttle, and then
cross one the other for the twist. By the bobbins of each disc being supported
upon the same shaft, but at opposite parts of the axis of motion of the disc, the
drawing off from one tends to take up the slack of the other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Broadley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd May 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BROADLEY, of Saltaire, in the County of York, Overlooker to Messrs. Titus
Salt, Sons, & Co., of Saltaire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Iler most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Iler
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Broadley, fler special licence that I, the said James Broadley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Broadley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Broadley, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Broadley, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The improvements relate to when weaving simultaneously two or more

page_text: breadths of fabric side by side in the same loom, which breadths are connected
together in the weaving by the weft threads, and afterwards separated by the
cutting up or across of such weft threads.
Letters Patent were obtained by Frederick William Mowbray, of Shipley,
near Leeds, bearing date the Twenty-third day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-five, for "Improvements in looms for weaving," part of
which improvements consists in effecting the tieing-in of such weft threads at
adjoining selvages, by giving to a pair of warp threads at each of such selvages
continuous rotary motion, in place of, as heretofore, motion alternately in one
and then in the opposite direction, and for cutting up between the breadths
during the weaving. And my improvements consist in improved means for
operating these selvage threads. Such threads of each such selvago are sup-
plied from a pair of bobbins, which, according to my improvements, are retained
by spring or other friction, one upon each end of a small shaft carried by a disc
or other frame, which is caused to rotate. These bobbins of each disc or frame
are placed at opposite sides of the axis of motion thereof, and the threads
therefrom pass through suitable eyes or guides to the same face of the disc or
frame, but at opposite parts of its axis, in order that in the rotation of such
disc or frame the threads may alternately open a shed for the passage of the
shuttle and then cross one the other for the twist.
But that the nature of my said Invention and the means which I adopt may
be fully understood, I will proceed to describe the Drawings annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a section of parts of a loom with the improvements applied;
Figures 2 and 3 show some of those parts more in detail and full size. In
cach of the Figures the same letters indicate like parts wherever they occur;
and I would here state that I have only thought it necessary to shew so much
of a loom as may serve to illustrate the adaptation of my Invention.
a, a, is the main framing of the loom; b, the crank axis, which receives
motion from a steam engine or other suitable power; and d, the cam or tappet
shaft, which receives motion from the crank shaft, as is well understood; c is
the batten; e, the warp roller or beam; e', the breast beam; and f, the work
roller or beam, motion to which is given in the working of the loom, as is well
understood. The selvage threads operated according to my improvements are
shewn by the green lines 9. and they are supplied from bobbins or spools h,
carried by axes i, which are supported in bearings from the discs j; and it will
be seen there are two bobbins to each spindle i, one at each end of it, and each
spindle i is supported by a disc, and each pair of bebbins or spools so supported

page_text: go to form the selvage threads of adjoining selvages of pieces of fabric woven
side by side. One of the bobbins h of each spindle i is affixed to its spindle;
the other bobbin is capable of turning thereon, except as retarded by the
friction of the coiled spring k. Tho threads from these bobbins h, h, pass
through separato eyes 1, 7, in the plates or discs j. to which rotary motion is
given by the two of such discs, one for each adjoining selvage being affixed to
an axis m, upon which is affixed the toothed wheel n, which by means of the
intermediate wheel o receives motion from the pinion p affixed to the main
shaft, by which means each discj will make one revolution to two of the crank
shaft, and the threads passing from the eyes 1, 1, in tho dises j will during each
of such revolutions cross and recross each other and open for sheds, which
when the revolutions are properly timed will correspond with the opening and
closing of the sheds of the warp to form the body of the fabric, and the weft
threads will be tied in by these selvage threads continuously crossing one the
'other in the same direction.
By the bobbins of each disc being supported upon the same shaft but at
opposite parts of the axis of motion of the disc (as shown) the drawing off
from one bobbin tends to take up the slack of the other during the respective
parts of the revolution of the discs. q is a fixed knife, by which to cut through
the weft threads between adjoining selvages, and thereby separate adjoining
fabrics.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise details herein shewn and described, as variations therein
may be made without departing from my improvements; but what I claim is,
the adaptation and combination of parts for operating selvage threads, sub-
stantially as explained.
In witness whereof, I, tho said James Broadley, bave hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
W. E. GLYD.
JAMES BROADLEY. (L.s.)