IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FURNACES OF BAKERS' OVENS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Anderson at the Office of
.the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th April
1859.
I, JAMES ANDERSON, of Liverpool, Lancashire, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FURNACES
OF BAKERS' OVENS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN OTHER FURNACES," to be
a: follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel combination of the parts of furnaces, and
is principally designed for the purpose of consuming the smoke in bakers'
ovens, but with slight modifications is also applicable to like purposes in other
furnaces. By its adoption, the fuel is economized in such furnaces, a better
combustion is effected of the gaseous matters evolved from the fuel, and thus
the discharge of smoke is prevented.
In previous arrangements of flues for the purpose of consuming the smoke
in bakers' ovens, the supply of atmospheric air required for the purposes of
combustion was admitted directly into the furnace itself, but the cold air was
found to have the effect of lowering the temperature in the furnace, and thus
the boiler or oven did not receive the full benefit of the fuel. Now my
Invention consists in the following arrangement or combination of parts:-
I provide an additional flue which is carried into the main flue of the oven;
in this additional flue I insert a damper for the purpose of regulating the
supply of air to the main flue; the air flue thus terminating in the chimney,

page_text: the boiler or oven receives the full benefit of the flames without the tem-
perature being lowered by the direct introduction of cold air. Dampers are
provided in the furnace flue to regulate the strength of the draught, the mode
of operating the dampers is as follows:-When the furnace damper is fully
open, the smoke arising from the furnace will be the same as that of an
ordinary furnace or chimney; this damper requires to be fully open for about
10 or 15 minutes, untill the flame breaks right through the coals, that is, when
the coals are placed upon the grate. In the additional air flue near to the
point where it joins the furnace flue, I insert a damper for the purpose of
regulating the air draught, the air draught must be regulated by the strength
of the furnace draught; this can be effected by means of the dampers placed
in the furnace and air flues. In one instance, where I have employed this
arrangement, the furnace flue is 9 inches square, and the air flue is 9×12
inches. This proportion is found to work well, the height of the chimney
being 50 feet. Where there are two furnaces and the flues are connected in
one chimney, there must be an air draught flue for each furnace with suitable
dampers for regulating the supply of atmospheric air to the furnaces. By
this means a great saving is effected in the consumption of fuel, the combustion
of the same being more perfect, and by keeping thin fires and firing frequently
& carefully any quantity of steam can be kept up in the boiler or heat in the
oven as the caso may be.