improvements in Circus.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
improvements in Circus.
We, JOSEF HEROLD, of 23 Zollhausglacis, Brünn, in the Empire of Austria, Manu-
facturer, and CARL HEROLD, of Königsfeld, Brünn, aforesaid, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to improvements in the invention described in the Specifi-
cation of our former Patent No. 5332 of 1897 for circular or rotary looms.
The present improvements relate
1. To a new electro-magnet driving arrangement for shuttles in rotary looms.
2. To a new weft guard for rotary looms.
3. To a shuttle guard for rotary looms.
4. To a new construction of the arrangement for heating up the weft threads to
the finished portion of the cloth.
5. To a new arrangement of the leaves of heddles.
6. To an arrangement for folding the completed tubular shaped goods.
The construction of our circular or rotary loom has already been made known and
is, briefly described below, and afterwards the improvements which are the subject of
the present application for a patent are accurately detailed both as regards their
construction and method of working.
The shaft actuated by the driving pulley imparts motion by means of bevel gear
to a vertical shaft. On the latter a hoss is fixed and on this the electro-magnets
which impell the shuttles are screwed. Over rollers which are fixed on the cross-
pieces of the framing the toothed disc or rack is rotated, being driven from the main
shaft by means of bevelled wheels, counter shaft and pinion.
The warp intended to be used is carried to the harness needles from the warp
beams over laths and the warp threads must during their course first pass through
cross rings in order to be properly arranged in a circle. The upper cross ring is
encircled by a spiral spring, and into each spiral the warp threads pass.
The harness needles which have an eye in the centre have their bent ends carried
in the grooves of eccentrics in order to form the shed whilst on the other side they
are fixed radially between guides formed like reeds. These are constructed in the
same way as in the ordinary plain looms except that they are annular in shape.
On the top of leaf a ring made of a diamagnetic material is fixed, while a second
ring made also of diamagnetic material is placed loose upon the centre shaft so that
it does not revolve with the shaft. Between these two rings the ends of the magnets
move, on the poles of which brass caps are fixed, which during the rotation of the
electro-magnets push any loose hanging inner warp threads into their proper position.
The magnets act direct through the inner warp threads vertically on the paramag-
netic rollers of the shuttles so that they are compelled to revolve with the rotation of
the shaft and roll along the rings.
Owing to the vertical action of the magnets on the shuttle rollers any displacement
of the shuttles such as pressing against the warp threads is prevented whilst owing to
the direct and immediate action of the electro-magnets on the shuttles the driving
is effected with a very small outlay for the current.

page_text: In order to press any warp threads crossed in the shed into the level of the tightly
stretched warp, some angle shaped shoulders are fixed on the shuttles.
The shuttles
are prevented from sinking into the pointed part of the shed by the arms of the
lever which projects underneath the shuttles into the shed, these arms forming a
firm support on which the shuttles can easily move on their pairs of rollers.
These lever arms which at the same time serve to beat up the weft picks to the
cloth and the salient characteristics of which have already been made known are
arranged in such a way that several reeds are joined to form a slay, which by means
of the top and a screw is fastened to the lever. By this means a large number of
levers are saved as contrasted with the previous arrangement, whilst the levers are
more easily adjusted and more accessible. In order to stop the rotary loom when
a weft thread breaks or slips out a two armed pivoted lever is fixed on the upper
shuttle guide ring between two bearing angles. By means of a spring the pointed
end of the lever which projects into the shed is pushed away, so that the contact pin
joined to the other end and which is covered with platinum underneath and carried
into the top of the case, is put out of contact with the contact pin which is screwed
into the bottom of the case and coated at the top with platinum. It should here he
pointed out that the top and bottom of the case are electrically insulated from each
other.
In order to secure the contact on the breakage or failure of the thread a spring
fitted with an eye and an upward bend is fixed on the shuttle and carried through
a slot in the shuttle box. To render a stoppage possible the weft thread coming
from the cops or bobbins passes between the pin and the spring adjoining the latter,
then passes through the eye of the spring and is carried through the tube to the
cloth. As long as the weft thread passes through the eye the spring is, owing to the
arrangement above described, drawn away and therefore when the shuttle rotates
cannot come into contact with the lever. When the weft thread breaks or gets
displaced the spring in consequence of its elastic power darts upwards, the bend as
soon as the shuttle passes underneath the lever turns the latter so that the contact
pins come into contact with each other and close the electric circuit. This current
puts into play the arrangement for throwing the machine out of gear and a brake
appliance combined with same. The former, which as is already known, when the
contact described is effected, releases the spring by drawing an iron core into a
solenoid bobbin and drawing the same to an iron plug thus moving the strap fork by
which means the belt is pushed from the fast pulley to the loose pulley.
On the arm of the strap fork there is a roller which serves as a seat for a one armed
lever which moves round the pin of the bearing and which roller revolves round
the pin. On the free end of the lever there is a pin which glides into a slot of the
two armed lever pivoted on the pin. The lever which on the one side is under the
influence of the spring on the other side is connected with a movable tension rod by
a hinge. The lower end of this tension rod engages with the brake lever pivoted ou
a pin which said lever carries at its free end the brake pivoted on a pin. When the
belt fork is turned in the manner described this brake is pressed on to the toothed
disc of the loom, as the roller, when this turning of the strap fork takes place,
releases the lever whereby the spring turns the levers and by means of the tension
rod draws the brake lever.
In order also to bring into play the arrangement for throwing out of gear and
applying the brake above described to stop the loom if from any cause one of the
magnets should allow its shuttle to escape the following shuttle guard arrangement
has been devised.
Between the magnet spools there is a cylinder in which a piston constantly pressed
out by a spring is loosely fixed. On each of the surfaces of this piston and of the
cylinder top facing each other a contact ring is fixed. In the fork shaped end of the
rod of the piston a roller which revolves easily is inserted. When the shuttle is
attracted by the magnet this roller is pressed inwards by the shoulder fixed on the
former in such a way that the contact rings are separated. Of course the piston and
the cylinder top are electrically insulated from each other. As soon as a shuttle is

page_text: released from its magnet the piston is pressed by the spring on to the cylinder cover
and the circuit is closed, which serves to stop the loom in the same way as previously
described. It should here be pointed out that the contact rings may be omitted
when the circuit would be closed by the direct contact of the piston and the
cylinder top.
As the cloth runs off the templet ring it is carried over a shaper guide fixed on the
latter which shaper has the same form and dimensions throughout, being circular at
the top and pointed underneath for the purpose of unfolding the tubular shaped cloth
from its circular shape as it comes from the loom and guiding same to the delivery
rollers, which are driven from the main shaft by means of chain and interchangeable
toothed wheels.
TX
1007
We, JOSEF HEROLD, of 23, Zollhausglacis, Brünn, in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer, and CARL HEROLD, of Königsfeld, Brünu, aforesaid, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The invention relates to improvements in the invention described in the
Specification of our former Patent No. 5332 of 1897 for circular or rotary looms.
The present improvements relate more particularly to
1. A novel electro-magnetic driving arrangement for the shuttle.
2. A new weft guard for rotary looms.
3. A shuttle guard for rotary looms.
4. A new construction of the arrangement for beating up the weft threads to
the finished portion of the cloth.
5. A new arrangement of the leaves of heddles.
6. An arrangement for folding the completed tubular shaped goods.
Reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which ;—
Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in vertical section.
Fig. 1 a detail in section.
Fig. 2 a vertical section of a part of the loom drawn to a larger scale.
Fig. 2 shows a portion of the circular guide 62 in elevation.
Fig. 2. Plan of same, the guides 61 corresponding exactly to the guide 62 only
that it has a correspondingly larger circumference.
Fig. 2 shows a view of the ordinary weaver's reed.
Fig. 2. Plan of Fig. 20.
Fig. 3 a plan of the electromagnetic driving mechanism together with the shuttle
and shuttle guard, and the device for beating up the weft, the upper ring ƒ being
omitted, and
Fig. 4 a detail elevation of the shuttle.
The construction of our circular or rotary loom has already been made known
and is briefly described below, and afterwards the improvements which are the
subject of the present application for a patent are accurately detailed both as
regards their construction and method of working.
The shaft actuated by the driving pulley P imparts motion by means of hevel
gears, to a vertical shaft w. On the latter a boss N is fixed and on this the
electro-magnets E which impel the shuttles s are screwed.
Over rollers 7,
which are

page_text: fixed on the cross-pieces T of the framing, the toothed disc or rack R is rotated, being
driven from the main shaft by means of bevelled wheels k₁, g, counter shaft w, and
pinion 2.
The warp intended to be used is carried to the harness needles g. from the warp
beams over laths c and the warp threads n, n¹ must during their course first pass
through cross rings h, h¹, in order to be properly arranged in a circle. The upper
cross ring his encircled by a spiral spring, and into each spiral the warp threads
pass.
The harness needles or heddles g, have each an eye g111 in their centre through
which a warp thread is passed and their bent ends engage in the eccentric
grooves of the rotating cams x, x, by which they are operated to form the shed.
The needles are placed radially and pass between the wires or dents b of the
guides bb, which may be constructed like the reed of an ordinary loom except that
they are curved to form a circle instead of straight, the dents or wires b being vertical
and parallel those in the outer circle being wider or further apart than those in the
inner circle to compensate for the radial position of the needles g.
Below guide b, a ring f, made of a diamagnetic material is fixed, while a second
ring f¹ made also of diamagnetic material has its boss f₂ loosely mounted upon the
centre shaft w, so that it does not revolve with the shaft. Between these two
rings f,f the ends of the magnets E move on the poles of which brass caps K are
fixed which during the rotation of the electro-magnets push any loose hanging inner
warp threads into their proper position. The magnets E act direct through the
inner warp threads at right angles to the paramagnetic rollers sr of the shuttles s, so
that they are compelled to revolve with the rotation of the shaft w and roll along
the rings f, f.
Owing to the action of the magnets Eat right angles to the shuttle rollers sr any
displacement of the shuttles such as pressing against the warp threads is
prevented whilst owing to the direct and immediate action of the electro-
magnets E on the shuttles s the driving is effected with a very small outlay of
the current.
In order to press any warp threads crossed in the shed into the plane of the tightly
stretched warp, angle shaped shoulders 25, 26 are fixed on the shuttles 8. The
shuttles are prevented from sinking into the apex of the shed by the arms
or reeds a of the lever bl₂ which projects underneath the shuttles into the
shed, these arms forming a firm support, on which the shuttles can easily move
on their pairs of rollers sr
These lever arms a, which at the same time serve to beat up the weft picks to the
cloth and the salient characteristics of which have already been made known are
arranged in such a way that several reeds or arms a are joined to formn a slay a
(Fig 3) which by means of the top d and a screw is fastened to the lever bl. By
this means a large number of levers bl₁, bl, are saved as contrasted with the previous
arrangement whilst the levers are more easily adjusted and more accessible. In order
to stop the rotary loom.when a weft thread breaks or slips out a two-armed pivoted
lever a¹ is fixed on the upper shuttle guide ring between two bearing brackets a.
By means of a spring all the pointed end 611 of the lever which projects into the shed
is pushed away so that the contact pin d' affixed to the other end and which is covered
with platinum underneath and carried into the top of the case e is put out of contact
with the contact pin " which is screwed into the bottom of the case and coated at
the top with platinum. It should here be pointed out that the top and bottom of
the case e are electrically insulated from each other.
In order to secure the contact on the breakage or failure of the thread a spring 92
fitted with an eye gland an upward bend y¹¹ is fixed on the shuttle & and carried
through a slot in the shuttle frame. To render a stoppage possible the weft thread
coming from the cops or bobbins passes between the pin and the spring i, adjoining
the latter, then passes through the eye g¹ of the spring g, and is carried through the
tube k to the cloth. As long as the weft thread passes through the eye g¹ the
spring 9, is owing to the arrangement above described drawn away and therefore

page_text: The
when the shuttle s rotates cannot come into contact with the lever a¹. When the
weft thread breaks or gets displaced the spring g, in consequence of its elastic power
springs back and the bend gl as soon as the shuttle passes underneath the lever a',
turns the latter so that the contact pius d', d come into contact with each other and
close the electric circuit. This current puts into operation the arrangement for
throwing the machine out of gear and a brake appliance combined with same.
former which as is already known when the contact described, is effected, releases the
spring Gf by drawing an iron core hs, (Fig. 1A) into a solenoid spool sE and drawing
the same to an iron plug sE₁ thus releasing the spring Gf and moving the strap
fork by which means the belt is pushed from the fast pulley P to the loose
pulley L.
On the arm of the strap fork there is a roller which serves as a seat for a one-
arined lever 3 which moves round the pin 1 of the bracket 2 and which roller
revolves round the pin l. On the free end of the lever 3 there is a pin 4
which glides in a slot 5 of the forked lever 7 pivoted on the pin 6. The
lever 7 which on the one side is controlled by the spring 8 on the other side is
pivotally connected with an adjustable connecting rod 9. The lower end of this rod
engages with the brake lever 11 pivoted on the pin 10 which said lever carries at its
free end the brake 12 pivoted on a pin 13. When the belt fork is turned in the
manner described, this brake is pressed on to the toothed disc R of the loom as the
roller v, when this turning of the strap fork takes place, releases the lever 3 whereby
the spring 8 operates the levers 3 & 7 and by means of the rod 9 draws down
the brake lever 11.
In order also to bring into play the arrangement for throwing out of gear and
applying the brake above described to stop the loom if from any cause one of the
magnets E should allow its shuttles to escape the following shuttle guard arrange-
ment has been devised Fig. 3.
Between the magnet spools E there is a cylinder 14 in which a piston 15 constantly
pressed out by a spring 16 is loosely fixed. On each of the surfaces of this piston 15
In the
and of the cylinder end 20 facing each other a contact ring 21 is fixed.
forked end of the rod 17 of the piston 15 a roller 18 which revolves easily is inserted.
When the shuttle is attracted by the magnet this roller is pressed inwards by the
shoulder 19 fixed on the former in such a way that the contact rings 21 are separated.
Of course the piston 15 and the cylinder end 20 are electrically insulated from each
other. As soon as a shuttle is released from its magnet the piston 15 is pressed by
the spring 16 on to the cylinder cover 20 and the circuit is closed, which serves to stop
the loom in the same way as previously described. It should here be pointed out
that the contact rings may be omitted when the circuit would be closed by the direct
contact of the piston 15 and the cylinder end 20.
As the cloth runs off the templet ring C it is carried over a shaper guide 22 fixed
on the latter which shaper has the same form and dimensions throughout, being
circular at the top and pointed underneath for the purpose of unfolding the tubular
shaped cloth from its circular shape as it comes from the loom and guiding same to
the delivery rollers which are driven from the main shaft w by means of chain 23
and interchangeable toothed wheels 24.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1: In a circular loom, the combination of an electro-magnetic driving gear, which,
in order to prevent the displacement of the shuttles with regard to the warp threads
is so arranged that the boss N of the electro magnets E is provided with arms
extending between the rings f, f¹ which attract the shuttle rollers 8 substantially at
right angles and through the inner warp threads, the said rollers 87 being caused to
rotate on their axles and to run on the rings f, f, whilst the rollers sr, run on the
reeds a³ and the plates K attached to the poles of the magnets return any loosely

page_text: hanging warp threads to the plane of the inner warp threads and the angular pro-
jections of the shuttles press any crossed warp threads back into the plane of the
tightly stretched warp threads substantially as described (Figs. 2, 3 and 4).
2: In a circular loom, the combination of a weft guard consisting of a lever a¹
which on the one hand is connected with a contact pin and on the other hand
extends into the shed said lever being adapted to be turned by a thread guiding
spring gif the weft breaks or gets displaced and thus to make contact between two
contact pins d¹ and d" thus causing the iron core is, to be drawn into the solenoid-
spool sE against the magnet plug sE', in order to release the spring Gf and allow the
same to throw over the belt fork ", and move the roller vattached to the latter to
allow the spring 8 to actuate the levers 3 and 7 and thus apply the brake 12 to the
toothed disc R substantially as described.
3: In a circular loom, the combination of a shuttle guard, consisting of the pro-
jection 19, on the shuttle, which retains the spring actuated piston 15 of the
cylinder 14, by means of the piston rod 17 with roll 18 in a position to prevent the
completion of the circuit at 21 as long as the magnet operates its shuttle properly,
but closes the circuit at 21 if a magnet looses its shuttle in order to apply the brake
and stop the loom substantially as described.
4 In a circular loom, the device for beating up the weft picks to the cloth which
consists in the combination of the reeds a, and the slay a7 attached to the lever
arms bl, by the top d and screws, in order to enable a reduction of the lever arms bl²
and and to render the production and manipulation of the same more easy.
5 In a circular loom the combination with radial harness needles of the
guides 61 62 arranged or constructed like an ordinary reed with dents or wires 6 but
in annular form substantially as described.
6: In a circular loom the combination of the templet. ring Chaving an uniform
diameter and being circular at the top and pointed at the bottom in order to
properly fold the finished goods and feed the saine to the delivery rollers substantially
as described.
Dated this 31st day of Merah 1900
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool & London, Patent. Agents.