IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELASTIC ROLLERS FOR SQUEEZING
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Smith and William Schofield, both of Baxenden,
in the County of Lancaster, Turkey Red Dyers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELASTIC ROLLERS FOR SQUEEZING
Sealed the 31st December 1867, and dated the 27th July 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith and William
Schofield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 27th July 1867.
We, JOHN SMITH and WILLIAM SCHOFIELD, both of Baxenden, in the
County of Lancaster, Turkey Red Dyers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELASTIC ROLLERS FOR
SQUEEZING YARNS AND FABRICS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in making the surface of squeezing rollers of rings
or washers of india-rubber, or any suitable compound of india-rubber; the
said rings or washers are placed on a core or centre of wood or other material,
and are secured and pressed together between two end washers, and by bolts;
the core may be plain so as to allow the rings of india-rubber to be loose
upon it, or it may be fluted or roughened to hold the rings fast and prevent
them turning on the core. The india-rubber rings can be held on the core
by angular or other shaped hoops placed between the rings of india-rubber,
the end pressure causing the hoops to be bedded in the india-rubber rings and
binding the same on the core.

page_text: Our Invention may be modified by winding a strip or band of india-rubber
spirally round a centre or core with or without a spiral V-shaped strip of metal
between the coils of india-rubber. These elastic rollers are or may be covered
with canvas or other suitable material to protect the india-rubber from the
action of oil or other substance that might act injuriously upon it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Smith and William Schofield in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 4th January 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SMITH and WILLIAM SCHOFIELD, both of Baxenden, in the County of Lancaster,
Turkey Red Dyers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Smith and William Schofield, Her special license that we, the
said John Smith and William Schofield, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Smith and William Schofield,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF ELASTIC ROLLERS FOR SQUEEZING YARNS AND FABRICS, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John
Smith and William Schofield, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Smith and William Schofield,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention consists in making rollers with an elastic surface composed

page_text: of rings, washers, or spiral bands of india-rubber, or any suitable compound
of india-rubber.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us, reference
being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 an end view of an elastic
roller suitable for squeezing hanks of yarn constructed according to our
Invention.
a, a, are a series of rings or washers made by preference of vulcanized india-
rubber, but india-rubber alone, or any other suitable compound of india-rubber,
or india-rubber cloth may be used; these washers are placed on the core or
centre b, which is made of wood or other suitable material; the core may be
plain, as shewn, to allow the washers of india-rubber to be loose upon it, or it
may be fluted or roughened to hold the rings fast, and to prevent them turning
upon the core. The rings or washers are secured between the two end
washers c, c, fixed on the core b, and they are held together by the four or
other suitable number of bolts d, d. The end rings a are held by the annular
metal plates e, e, fitting on the india-rubber or other elastic rings f, f. The
end plates e, e, may either be of the same diameter as the rings a, as shewn,
or they may be rather larger to prevent the end rings a rising above the end
plates. The roller is provided with a wrought-iron or other axle g. The
angular or other shaped hoops h, h, may be placed between the india-rubber
rings a, and these hoops would be bedded in the india-rubber when the end
pressure is given by the bolts d; the object of these angular hoops is to assist
in binding the india-rubber rings on to the core.
Our Invention may be modified by winding a strip or band of india-rubber
spirally round a centre or core, either with or without a spiral angular-shaped
strip of metal between the coils of india-rubber. If when the elastic roller
has been some time in operation either of the rings a should rise out of its
place it may be removed without injury to the remainder of the roller.
Our improved elastic rollers may be used in domestic mangles or squeezers,
or in machines for bleaching, starching, dyeing, or otherwise preparing yarns
and fabrics, or for various other purposes.
The cylinders of printing machines may also be covered in the manner
above described; when such is the case the usual printers' blanket may be
dispensed with, and in lieu thereof we adopt the cloth arrangement, as
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to John Cockcroft on
the Twenty-eighth day of December, One thousand eight hundred and

page_text: fifty-four, Number 2736. If the engraved portion of the copper rollers
exceeds the width of the back cloth, such portion must be filled up with
wax or other material to prevent the surplus color from fouling the india-
rubber. We wish to observe that when the surface of the roller requires
to be perfectly true the roller must be put in a lathe and turned up with a file,
or with pumicestone and water, in the manner well known to manufacturers
of articles made of india-rubber; but for squeezing bowls and various other
purposes in which the surface of the elastic roller does not require to be per-
fectly true the turning up may be dispensed with. These elastic rollers are or
may be covered with canvas or other suitable material to protect the india;
rubber from the action of oil or other substance that might act injuriously
upon it.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described a convenient
manner of performing the same, we wish it to be understood that rollers have
before been covered with shells or casings of india-rubber, we therefore limit
our claim to the improved modes of constructing elastic rollers as shewn and
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Smith and William Schofield,
have hereto set our hands and seals, this Second day of December,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
WILLIAM SCHOFIELD. (L.S.)
JOHN SMITH.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM SCHOFIELD. (L.B.)
JOHN SMITH.
(L.S.)