Improvements connected with Steam Generator and other Furnaces.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 21st Aug.. 1894-Accepted, 6th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Steam Generator and other Furnaces.
We, JAMES JONES MELDRUM, and THOMAS FREDERICK MELDRUM, of
Atlantic Works, City Road, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to furnaces wherein coal or solid fuels are burned
upon a grate or suitable fuel bearers, and to the means for or mode of effecting the
combustion of such fuel therein.
The objects of the invention are mainly to provide improvements in connection
with effecting the combustion of those gaseous portions of the products of fuel
which rise from it in an unburned or incompletely burned state, and other
improvements, and certain special constructions or arrangements of fittings and
parts for purposes specified-as hereinafter described. The invention will for
facility be described with reference to the furnaces of, and to the combustion of
fuel therein, of steam generators; it being understood however at the same time
that it is also applicable in part or in whole to other furnaces wherein solid fuels
are burned.
In the application of this invention to a horizontal cylindrical furnace of a steam
generator, the whole of the front of the furnace or furnace flue is closed by a closing
plate, and the air for the combustion of the solid fuel on the grate or fuel bearers
is introduced into the ashpit or chamber below the fuel bearers, and maintained
therein at a pressure above that of the atmosphere, by a steam jet blower or
blowers, preferably of the "Meldrum type that is, with a mixing tube and
diverging outlet, and arranged with their bodies lying wholly or mainly horizontally
in said ashpit under the fire-bars or bearers, and carried by their beads which are
fixed in said closing plate.
99
According to this invention in connection with the blower or blowers of a furnace,
there is provided a conduit or chamber at the front of the furnace, and within
same, through which the motor steam used for the introduction of air to the steam
jet blowers, is passed and by which it is superheated or dried. By this construction
condensation of steam is prevented and "dry" steam is at all times used and the
general effect thereby improved. In one arrangement and construction, this steam
superheater consists of a cast metal tubular conduit or chamber arranged round
the upper half of the furnace and near the front end, say above the dead plate,
and connected at different parts with the furnace front plate, which connections
may in some cases be used to convey the steam to be heated or dried into and out
The steam to be heated may be led to the superheater by a suitable pipe
from the steam generator, while the superheated steam may be conveyed from it by
a suitable pipe to the blowers.
of it.
Steam may in some cases also be introduced by a pipe or pipes or nozzle or
nozzles disposed above the fire-door, and directed into the flames rising from
the fuel.
Under this invention, also, air, in addition to that passed through it, is supplied
above the fuel to effect the combustion of the unburned portion of the gases rising
off from the fuel. This air is supplied by the steam jet blowers above specified
used to force the main body of air through the fuel, and is taken from the ashpit
through apertures, say at one or both sides of the dead plate and door frame,
controlled by valves. The valves may be of the butterfly type, or other type,
and connected together and worked simultaneously. About the apertures controlled
by these valves is provided a cover, or cover and side, connected with the fire door

page_text: frame. By this, the air is directed forward in the direction of length of the
furnace; and in one arrangement, the top part or roof of this covering, may form a
base or support to the ends of the superheating conduit or chamber. The valves
may be suitably worked by a lever mounted on a spindle passing through the front
plate and supported in bearings under the dead plate. This spindle is connected
with and operates one valve, while the other valve is mounted on another and
similar spindle and both valves are connected together by two arms, one on each of
said spindles, and a rod connecting.said arms together. Suitable means for holding
the actuating lever in any desired point of its stroke or path being provided in order
to regulate and indicate the amount of opening of the said valve.
A special construction of furnace front and fittings connected with it, consists in
employing a whole single wrought iron or steel plate-circular for a cylindrical
furnace for enclosing the furnace, the fire-door frame and door and the ashpit-
door frame and door being of cast metal, and fixed to the wrought metal front plate,
apertures in which are cut out to receive and hold said door frames. The faces of
the frames on which the doors rest are fitted or tooled to make an air tight joint
with said doors. In one arrangement the fire-door frame may consist of a bridge
or box-shaped casting formed upon the dead plate and lying mainly within the
furnace, and having a flange or equivalent means round same adapted to fit against
the inside face of said front plate and make a suitable joint therewith, by bolting it
thereto; whilst the faced edge against which the door face comes is passed
through the aperture in the plate, and preferably projects in front of same.
ashpit-door frame is preferably of the same construction, that is the frame is of
cast metal secured to the inside of the front plate, the seat against which the door
fits passing through it, and projecting beyond the face of the plate. This door (or
doors as the case may be) is preferably of the type commonly used in furnaces
known as the "Meldrum" furnace in connection with the ashpit thereof; that
is, it has wedges fitting into catches correspondingly formed to bring such door up
to the seat in connection with which it works, automatically, and to make an air
tight joint therewith.
The
A furnace front plate of this type and construction may be secured to the furnace
by studs and nuts, the outer face of said plate being flush with the surface of the
steam generator end plate. And there may be provided over the line or joint
where the edge of the furnace front plate and such end plate come, a covering ring,
all round same.
Further, according to this invention, there is provided in conjunction with
horizontally arranged steam jet blowers, a loose or detachable hood or cap covering
the front end and opening out in such a manner that the objectionable sound or
noise created by steam jet blowers-and its transmission outwards and upwards-is
so directed as to be mostly stopped and rendered unobjectionable to those located
in proximity to the blowers.
In some cases this is effected by arranging the hood or cap with the inlet opening
end downwards so that the entrance for air is in the horizontal plane below the
entrance proper of the blowers, the air passing upwards from below into said hood
or cap, and then into the entrance proper of the blower.
Or, in another case, the bottom end of the loose cap may be closed and the air
admitted between the back of the lower part of the cap and the front of the boiler
or other plate or surface.
In some cases in its application to steam generators or analogous cases, the cap
or hood is made to rest upon the footplate, or like plate, over a corresponding
opening in said plate, all the air for the blower (or blowers) passing through the
cap or hood from the space below said plate, suitable inlets or conduits being
provided to permit the free ingress of air to the space below said plate.
Dated this 20th day of Novembo 1802

page_text: Improvements connected with Sam
353
We, JAMES JONES MELDRUM, and THOMAS FREDERICK MELDRUM, of
Atlantic Works, City Road, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has reference to furnaces wherein coal or solid fuels are burned
upon a grate or suitable fuel bearers, and to the means for or mode of effecting the
combustion of such fuel therein.
The objects of the invention are mainly to provide improvements in connection
with effecting the combustion of those gaseous portions of the products of fuel
which rise from it in an unburned or incompletely burned state; and also other
improvements, and certain special constructions or arrangements of fittings and
parts for purposes specified-as hereinafter described. The invention will for
facility be described with reference to the furnaces of, and to the combustion of fuel
therein, of steam generators; it being understood however at the same time that
it is also applicable in part or in whole to other furnaces wherein solid fuels are
burned.
In the application of this invention to a horizontal cylindrical furnace of a
steam generator, the whole of the front of the furnace or furnace flue is closed by
a closing plate, and the air for the combustion of the solid fuel on the grate or
fuel bearers is introduced into the ashpit or chamber below the fuel bearers, and
maintained therein at a pressure above that of the atmosphere, by a steam jet
blower or blowers-preferably of the "Meldrum" type, that is, with a mixing tube
and diverging outlet, and arranged with their bodies lying wholly or mainly,
horizontally, in said ashpit under the fire-bars or bearers, and carried by their
heads, which are fixed in said closing plate.
According to this invention in connection with the blower or blowers of a furnace,
there is provided a conduit or chamber at the front of the furnace, and within same,
through which the motor steam used for the introduction of air to the steam jet
blowers, is passed, and by which it is superheated or dried. By this construction,
condensation of steam is prevented, and "dry" steam is at all times used and the
general effect thereby improved. In one arrangement and construction, this
steam superheater consists of a cast metal tubular conduit or chamber arranged
round the upper half of the furnace and near the front end, say above the dead
plate, and connected at different parts with the furnace front plate, which con-
nections may in some cases be used to convey the steam to be heated or dried into
and out of it. The steam to be heated may be led to the superheater by a suitable
pipe from the steam generator, while the superheated steam may be conveyed from
it by a suitable pipe to the blowere.
Steam may in some cases also be introduced by a pipe or pipes or nozzle or
nozzles disposed above the fire-door, and directed into the flames rising from
the fuel.
Under this invention, also, air, in addition to that passed through it, is supplied
above the fuel to effect the combustion of the unburned portion of the gases
rising off from the fuel. This air is supplied by the steain jet blowers above
specified used to force the main body of air through the fuel, and is taken from
the ashpit through apertures, say at one or both sides of the dead plate and door
frame, controlled by valves. The valves may be of the butterfly type, or other
type, and connected together and worked simultaneously. About the apertures
controlled by these valves is provided a cover, or cover and side, connected with
the fire door frame. By this, the air is directed forward in the direction of length

page_text: of the furnace; and in one arrangement, the top part or roof of this covering,
may form a base or support to the ends of the superheating conduit or chamber.
The valves may be suitably worked by a lever mounted on a spindle passing
through the front plate and supported in bearings under the dead plate. This
spindle is connected with and operates one valve, while the other valve is mounted
on another and similar spindle, and both valves are connected together by two arms,
one on each of said spindles, and a rod connecting said arms together. Suitable
means for holding the actuating lever in any desired point of its stroke or path
being provided in order to regulate and indicate the amount of opening of the said
valve.
A special construction of furnace front and fittings connected with it, consists
in employing a whole single wrought iron or steel plate-circular for a cylindrical
furnace for enclosing the furnace, the fire door frame and door and the ashpit-
door frame and door being of cast metal, and fixed to the wrought metal front
plate, apertures in which are cut out to receive and hold said door frames. The
faces of the frames on which the doors rest are fitted or tooled to make an air tight
joint with said doors. In one arrangement the fire door frame may cousist of a
bridge or box shaped casting formed upon the dead plate and lying mainly within
the furnace, and having a Hange or equivalent means round same adapted to fit
against the inside face of said front plate and make a suitable joint therewith,
by bolting it thereto; whilst the faced edge against which the door face comes
is passed through the aperture in the plate, and preferably projects in front of
same. The ashpit door frame is preferably of the same construction, that is the
frame is of cast metal secured to the inside of the front plate, the seat against
which the door fits passing through it, and projecting beyond the face of the plate.
This door (or doors as the case may be) is preferably of the type commonly
used in furnaces known as the "Meldrum" furnace in connection with the ashpit
thereof; that is, it has wedges fitting into catches correspondingly formed to
bring such door up to the seat in connection with which it works, automatically,
and to make an air tight joint therewith.
A furnace front plate of this type and construction may be secured to the
furnace by studs and nuts, the outer face of said plate being flush with the surface
of the steam generator end plate. And there may be provided over the line or
joint where the edge of the furnace front plate and such end plate come, a covering
ring, all round same.
Further, according to this invention, there is provided in conjunction with
horizontally arranged steam jet blowers, a loose or detachable hood or cap covering
the front end and opening out in such a manner that the objectionable sound or
noise created by steam jet blowers-and its transmission outwards and upwards-
is so directed as to be mostly stopped and rendered unobjectionable to those located
in proximity to the blowers."
In some cases this is effected by arranging the hood or cap with the inlet opening
end downwards so that the entrance for air is in the horizontal plane below the
entrance proper of the blowers, the air passing upwards from below into said hood
or cap, and then into the entrance proper of the blower.
Or, in another case, the bottom end of the loose cap may be closed and the air
admitted between the back of the lower part of the cap and the front of the boiler
or other plate or surface.
In some cases, in its application to steam generators or analogous cases, the cap
or hood is made to rest upon the footplate, or like plate, over a corresponding
opening in said plate, all the air for the blower (or blowers) passing through the
cap or hood from the space below said plate, suitable inlets or conduits being
provided to permit the free ingress of air to the space below said plate.
In the drawings which serve to illustrate this invention, we shew in Figures 1
to 3 the improvements wherein steam is dried or superheated on its way, prior to
its delivery, to the steam jet blowers; the arrangement for supplying steam to and
directing it into the flames rising from the fuel on the grate; and the means for

page_text: Producing
ashpit.
Steam
Ene Turnace above Ge Iuel from the
Figure 3 shews a modification of the construction shewn in Figures 1 to 3.
In Figures 4 and 5 we shew the means by which the objectionable sound or noise
created by steam jet blowers, is rendered unobjectionable; whilst Figures 6 and 7
shew a modified construction thereof.
Figures 8 and 9 shew another form of device by which the said noise is
diminished.
Of the above Figures, 1, 2, and 3, and Figure 3A, Figure 1 is an outside front
elevation; Figure 2 is a longitudinal section; and Figure 3 a cross section at AA
Figure 2 viewed from within, and looking towards the front of the furnace:
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the modification, through the firing door and
dead plate. In Figures 4 and 5, Figure 4 is a front elevation, and Figure 5 is a
sectional elevation. In Figures 6 and 7, Figure 6 is a front elevation, and Figure 7
a sectional side elevation. And in Figures 8 and 9, Figure 8 is a longitudinal
sectional elevation, and Figure 9 a front elevation.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 1 to 3 of the drawings, a is the
furnace flue or tube of an internally fired steam generator, such as a Lancashire,
Cornish, or marine type; bis the front plate of the generator; and c is the ashpit.
Of the parts and fittings according to this invention, is the furnace front plate,
consisting of a single plate of wrought iron or steel, fitting in and held in the
furnace aperture in the plate by bolts d', with its face flush with that of the
plate b, and enclosing the space above the dead plate and fire bars and the ashpit c,
that is, the whole furnace. e are the steam jet blowers, they being 'fastened by
their head in any known suitable way to the plate d, and having their bodies
lying substantially wholly within the ushpit c, the type of blower shewn-which
we at present prefer-being the "Meldrum Blower," of which the coned inlet and
the mixing tube are shewn in these figures-and also in Figures 4 and 5. f is the
steam pipe from the steam generator, through which steam is supplied to the
blowers, being a regulating cock thereon. is the chamber or conduit-
preferably of cast iron or steel-by which the steam supplied to the blowers is
dried and superheated on its way to the blowers. It is disposed within the furnace
above the dead plate and is of the form of a hollow or tubular arch extending
from one side to the other, the ends of which rest on the plates n hereafter described,
one of such ends being connected with the pipe f by the branch g', being the
steam i.e. saturated steam-inlet, and the other by the branch g, being the
superheated steam outlet. is the pipe by which the outlet g² is connected with
the blowers, and through which the dried or superheated steam is conveyed to the
blowers. In the operation or action of the above parts, prior to the steam being
turned on by the tap or cock f' to the blowers, any water resulting from the con-
densation of steam in the pipes and parts will have flowed into one or both of the
ends of the superheating conduits g, and will have been evaporated, then when
steam is turned on, no water is first supplied to the blower nozzles, and the steam
passing from the pipe enters the conduit or chamber g by the branch g' and in
passing through it is dried or superheated, and then passed by the outlet g' to
pipe to the blowers e, where it arrives in this state: thus, under no conditions
can water of condensation be supplied to the blowers or enter the ashpit.
is the firing door, and k is its frame, to which it is hinged. The frame k is
inwardly extended at the top and sides (which parts are marked ¹) forming an
open box shaped casting; and at the base it is extended from side to side of the
furnace, constituting the dead plate 3, the whole casting being fastened to the
inner side of the furnace closing plate d by a flange k³, which is bolted to said
plate. The mouth piece k of the frame k passes through and projects beyond the
face of the plate d for the purpose of enabling it to be planed or machined. The
edge of this mouth, and that of the door i, being both machined a true and air
tight joint is made.
are the valves by which a secondary supply of air, or air and steam, is supplied

page_text: from the ashpit to the space above the bars, and to the flames and gases in the
furnace. These valves, as will be seen, are disposed in and at each side of the
dead plate, outside the extended parts k' of the door frame k, and are mounted
on spindles, supported at their ends by the dead plate and the front plate <, and
coupled together by rocking arms 12, and connecting rod 13. m is a lever or arm
mounted on the end of one of the spindles of the valves which is carried through
the plate d, and by which said valves are operated and set; the action being, that
as said lever m is moved down or up so the said valves will be opened or closed,
the movement being transmitted to the valve by the spindles, arms, and rod 1³.
n is a plate or cover above the valves on which the ends or feet of the steam
superheating conduit or chamber 9 rest, and by which the flow of air from the
ashpit is directed to some extent forward.
In action, assuming the blowers to be in operation, supplying air into the ashpit,
by opening more or less the valves some of the air so introduced into the ashpit
is forced up therefrom through the apertures in which said valves work, and being
directed forwards passes into and mixes with the gases arising from the fuel,
thereby effecting the combustion of the unburned combustible gases, and the
prevention of formation of smoke. This action, and the intermixing of the air so
supplied from the ashpit with the said gases and flames, is assisted by the jet of
steam delivered from the pipe p as hereafter described.
In the modification shewn in Figure 3A, the aperture and valve in connection
with it by which air is supplied from the ashpit, and controlled, is disposed in the
centre of the dead plate, that is in line with the doorway, say for the whole, or
nearly the whole, width thereof. In this arrangement, the valve is mounted on
a spindle which has an arm on it, and through which, by means of a notched
rod or bar m connected with it, and passing through the plate d, the valve is
opened more or less, and held in any position, and closed, as and how desired.
p is the pipe projecting into the furnace, as shewn, by which steam is discharged
into the flames and gases above the fuel in the direction of the space over the
bridge, the steam being conducted to such pipe by the pipe pl. By this a blowing
effect is obtained, and assistance to the intermixing of the air introduced through
the valve or valves with the fire-gases afforded; by which the complete combustion
is produced, and the formation of smoke prevented.
o is a door by which access is had to the ashpit. It is carried on a frame o'
bolted to the inside of plate and having its mouth projecting through the said
plate and machined on its edge, as is also the bearing edge of the door o. The
door o is kept on the face of the frame mouth by the wedge shaped lugs o³,
which fit in correspondingly shaped catches o³: thus an air tight joint is made.
The door i is shewn with a liner on its inside consisting of refractory material i¹
of considerable thickness as shewn, and a casting constituting a container therefor,
enclosing it on the outside and sides and bottom, such casting being detachably
connected to or supported by the door i by lugs & formed on the inside of the sides
of said casting, and fitting into catches cast on the inside face of the door, into
which said lugs are dropped when the liner is being attached to the door.
The
lugs and catches may be of the wedge and inclined catch construction referred to
with reference to the door o as described. By this construction, when a liner
becomes used up, a fresh one may be readily applied and used in its place.
Referring now to Figures 4 and 5, in these is illustrated the means according to
this invention by which the objectionable noise created by steam jet blowers is
stopped or rendered unobjectionable. In this case, a cap or hood is provided and
fitted over the entrance of the blowers b, and is extended downwards in the form
of a trunk to the footplates of the steam generator, ou which it may be adapted
to rest by the flange, it being drawn up and fastened at the top to the nozzle box
or ring e of the blower by bolts or studs 3 in said box. In these figures, the
hollow bridge e² in the ring or box el, by which steam is conducted from the steam
pipe to the nozzle e' of the blower, is shewn, opposite which a plug e* is provided
for gaining access to the nozzle. A door hinged at 7, is provided on the hood or

page_text: cap opposite the plug e by means of which ready access is had to it and the
entrance of the blower when desired. This door also affords a secondary air inlet
to the hood, in case of need.
The modification shewn in Figures 6 and 7 of that shewn in Figures 4 and 5,
consists in providing the hood or cap r, with a door, covering both the top of the
hood and facing the front of the blower at the same time. This is done by making
the seat of such door and the hood at an angle, as shewn. The door is held to the
hood by internal wedge shaped lugs fitting into correspondingly formed catches
provided on the inside of the hood », whereby the closing and connection of the
door with the hood is effected by gravity, when placed in position.
In the modification shewu in Figures 8 and 9, the hood or cap r is not carried
down as in Figures 3 and 4 to the foot plate, but has its inlet or opening for the
entrance of air facing the outside of the ashpit or boiler front plate, and is
supported by being suspended upon the pipe supplying the blowers with steam, by
hooks, as shewn.
The invention as set forth with reference to the drawings is described and
illustrated as applied to or used in connection with an internally fired steam generator.
It is, however, in no way restricted to this special application, as it is applicable to
other analogous or equivalent furnaces, that is, furnaces of other kinds of steam
generators, and other furnaces, wherein fuel is burned in a furnace in an analogous
or equivalent way to that in the steam generator furnace referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent
furnace comprising a closed ash pit beneath the fuel bearers, a steam jet blower
or blowers by which air is supplied thereto, a conduit or chamber disposed within
the furnace by which the steam supplied to and used by the blower or blowers is
dried or superheated on its way to same, and a valve or valves by which air supplied
by said blower or blowers into the ashpit is admitted in a regulated quantity thero-
from into the furnace above the fuel; substantially as herein set forth, for the
purposes specified.
2. An internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent furnace,
comprising a plate enclosing the ashpit; a steam jet blower or blowers connected
to said plate, and adapted to force air into said ashpit; and a conduit or chamber
disposed within the furnace at or near the dead-plate as set forth, and through
which the steam supplied to and used by the blower or blowers is dried or super-
heated on its way thereto; arranged and operating substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
3. In an internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent furnace,
a closed ashpit, the air in which is maintained at a pressure greater than that
of the atmosphere, and a valve or valves working in connection with an aperture
or apertures in the dead plate of said furnace, by which a regulated quantity of
air supplied to said ashpit is withdrawn therefrom and admitted to the furnace
above the fuel; operating substantially as set forth for the purposes specified.
4. An internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent furnace,
comprising in combination, a plate enclosing the ashpit; a steam jet blower or
blowers connected to said plate by which air is supplied to the said ashpit and
maintained therein at a pressure greater than that of the atmosphere; and a valve
or valves working in connection with an aperture or apertures in the dead plate of
said furnace by which a regulated quantity of air supplied by said blower or
blowers to the ashpit is withdrawn therefrom and admitted to the furnace above
the fuel; substantially as herein set forth.
5. In an internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent
furnace, a plate enclosing the ashpit; a steam jet blower or blowers having the air
entrance disposed in or at said plate; and a hood or cap covering said entrance

page_text: and constructed and operating substantially as described, by which the objectionable
noise caused by such blowers is diminished or rendered unobjectionable.
6. In an internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent
furnace wherein a steam jet blower or blowers is or are employed to supply air
used to support combustion of the fuel into the ashpit, a steam dryer or super-
heater for drying or superheating the steam supplied to and used in and by said
blower or blowers, consisting of a conduit or chamber disposed within the furnace
through which said steam is passed, and having the end or ends of same arranged
and adapted to operate substantially as herein set forth with reference to and
shewn in the drawings, whereby water is prevented from reaching or being supplied
to the said blower or blowers.
7. In an internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent
furnace worked under a pressure greater than that of the atmosphere, a plate of
wrought iron or steel by which the furnace front is closed, having an aperture (or
apertures) therein, and a cast metal door frame (or frames) connected to said
plate and having a mouth piece passing through such aperture (or apertures) and
projecting in front of said plate, and having a faced edge against which a faced
edge or part of the door working in connection with same bears, and an air tight
joint made; substantially as set forth with reference to and shewn in the
drawings.
8. In an internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent furnace
having a closed ashpit, and wherein a steam jet blower or blowers, arranged as
described, is or are employed, by which air is supplied to same, the cap or hood r
having a door, as set forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7
of the drawings for the purposes specified.
9. In an internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent
furnace having a closed ashpit and a steam jet blower or blowers, arranged as
described, by which air is supplied to saine, the cap or hood r connected with and
fitted on the inlet mouth of said blower or blowers, particularly as set forth with
reference to and shewn in Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings, for the purposes
specified.
10. In an internally fired steam generator or other analogous or equivalent
furnace having a closed ashpit and steam jet blower or blowers by which air is
supplied to same, the steam drying or superheating apparatus or devices; and also
the devices for supplying air through the dead plate and controlling same;
constructed, arranged, and adapted to operate particularly as set forth with reference
to and shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 3 of the drawings.
Dased his ood 1
г
1001
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.