Improvements in Brick Machinery.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 13th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 6th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brick Machinery.
I, SAMUEL JEFFERIES of The Standard and Lightpill Brick Works, Stroud,
in the County of Gloucester, Engineer and Brick Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to that class of machinery known as horizontal
brick machinery, which receives plastic clay into a chamber at one end, and forces
it out through a die at the other, in a stream ready for the cutting table.
The invention aims at making the machine more independent, than at present,
of the continued attention of the attendant, and at ensuring a regular and even
character to the stream of clay issuing from the die.
It is now usual for the feed of clay to the chamber to be carefully watched, and
for an attendant, when he sees the necessity, to take a shovel or some such
instrument, and break up and push down the clay in the chamber.
Without this attention, the clay is apt to arch and bridge over the knives which
revolve in the lower part of the said chamber, with the result, that the supply of
clay to the die is cut off, or seriously diminished, & the stream issuing from the die
is practically stopped.
To prevent this arching of the clay in the chamber, and thereby render
unnecessary the constant attention of the attendant, I make one side of the upper
part of the chamber to oscillate, thus giving to it an outward and return movement
at regular intervals, so as to break up an arch of clay, if it begins to form, and
force the clay down upon the revolving knives, which will at once pass it away to
the screw which supplies the die.
The die itself I prefer to line with metal plates extending from back to front,
To prevent,
with properly placed passages therein for the lubricating water.
however, the water from escaping behind the lining plates to the front, and
improperly coming in contact with the clay as it leaves the die, I employ a front or
face plate, which will effectually prevent such undesirable escape from beneath the
lining plates. The water or other lubricant is admitted to the die through valves
suitably arranged within the die casing.
Dated this 13th day of June 1892
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brick Machinery.
I SAMUEL JEFFERIES of The Standard and Lightpill Brick Works, Stroud,
in the County of Gloucester, Engineer and Brick Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to, be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
The present invention relates to that class of machinery known as horizontal
brick machinery, which receives plastic clay into a chamber at one end, and forces
it out through a die at the other, in a stream, ready for the cutting table.
The invention aims at making the machine more independent, than at present,
of the continued attention of the attendant, and at ensuring a regular and even
character to the stream of clay issuing from the die.
It is now usual for the feed of clay to the chamber to be carefully watched, and

page_text: for an attendant, when he sees the necessity, to take a shovel, or some such
instrument, and break up and push down the clay in the chamber.
Without this attention, the clay is apt to arch and bridge over the knives, which
revolve in the lower part of the said chamber, with the result, that the supply of
clay to the die is cut off, or seriously diminished, and the stream issuing from the
die is practically stopped.
To prevent this arching of the clay in the chamber, and thereby render
unnecessary the constant attention of the attendant, I make one side of the upper
part of the chamber to oscillate, thus giving to it an outward and return movement
at regular intervals, so as to break up an arch of clay if it begins to form, and
force the clay down upon the revolving knives, which will at once pass it away to
the screw which supplies the die.
The die itself I prefer to line with metal plates extending from back to front,
with properly placed passages therein for the lubricating water.
To prevent,
however, the water from escaping behind the lining plates to the front or back,
and improperly coming into contact with the stream of clay as it leaves or enters
the die, I employ a front, or face, and back plate, which will effectually prevent
such undesirable escape from beneath the lining plates. The water or other
lubricant is admitted to the die through valves suitably arranged within the die
casing.
In the accompanying drawings,
On Sheet I, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a horizontal brick machine embodying
my invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the die.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the clay chamber, on the line 1. 2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 illustrates, in detail, the method I employ for operating the oscillating
side of the clay chamber.
་
On Sheet II, Figs. 5, 6, & 7, are horizontal, vertical, and transverse sections,
and Fig. 8 is a back view, on an enlarged scale, of the die, Fig. 5 being a section on
the line 3-4, Fig. 7; Fig. 6 a section on the line 5-6, Fig. 7; and Fig. 7 a
section on line 7-8, Fig. 6.
Referring now to Sheet I, A is the casing of a horizontal brick machine supported
on a suitable frame.
Within the fore part of the casing is the usual screw for expelling the clay
through the die, which screw is not to be seen in the drawings. This screw is
driven by the shaft B, which is mounted in suitably arranged bearings, and is
driven by the spur wheel C in engagement with a pinion on the shaft of the band
pullies DD. E are blades revolving within the chamber F, into which the clay is
fed in any convenient manner, the office of these revolving blades being to pug the
clay, and pass it onward to the expelling screw. So far the machine does not
differ from known forms of horizontal brick machinery. To prevent, however, the
difficulty of "bridging" of the clay in the chamber F, as before mentioned, one of
the sides of this chamber is made to oscillate at regular intervals. This oscillating
side is fast on a rocking shaft g (see Fig. 3), mounted in bearings on the framing A,
parallel with the driving shaft B. Upon the end of the shaft g is a frame G, which
embraces a cam b keyed on the driving shaft B, so that when the shaft B rotates,
the cam 6 will, through the frame G, rock the shaft to and fro, and oscillate the
side f. from the drawn to the dotted position of Fig. 3, and back again. The
extent of movement of the side fis limited both outwardly and inwardly, so as not,
ou the one hand, to strike the revolving blades, aud, on the other, to move beyond
the edges of the chamber ends.
The die for forming the clay expelled by the screw into a stream, consists of
an outer metal casing H, top and bottom plates h¹ of steel or other hard metal,
side plates of the same material, a front plate I and back plate I. J is a pipe
for conveying water or other lubricant, under pressure, to the die. j is a passage
within the die casing, into which the lubricant is forced. KK are valves for
controlling the exit of the lubricant from the passage j, the valve K being shewn

page_text: in section, and the valve K¹ in outside view in Fig. 7. l. l. are passages in the
sides or ends of the die casing, for admitting the lubricant to the clay, the entrance
to these passages being controlled by the valves above mentioned. The front and
back of the die being covered by plates I & I¹, there is no probability of the
lubricant escaping, except where required.
The construction of a die, as thus explained, permits of the renewal of the lining
plates, when they become worn, at a moderate cost, and, when so repaired, the die
becomes again practically new.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is -
1. In horizontal brick-making machinery, the employment of a chamber provided
with an oscillating side, substantially as and for the purpose described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. The means herein shewn and described for oscillating the side of the chamber
which receives the clay from the pug mill, for the purpose set forth.
3. A die for use in brick making machinery, consisting of a metal casing lined
with plates of steel or other suitable metal, and provided with front and back
plates, substantially as described and shewn in the drawings.
4. The construction and arrangement of die for brick-making machinery, having
passages and valves within the casing, for leading and regulating a supply of
lubricant to the clay, as it passes the die, substantially as described and shewn in
the drawings.
Dated this 13th day of March 1893.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.