IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO RAILWAY CARRIAGE AND OTHER WINDOWS
Year: 1885

page_text: JOHN YOUNG of 12 Chapter Road, Willesden Green, in the County of Middlesex,
Ship and Insurance Broker do. hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO RAILWAY CARRIAGE AND OTHER WINDOWS" to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to railway carriage and other windows, and is designed to
provide for the retention or support of the window-sash in any position to which
it may be adjusted, to prevent rattling of the sash, and to facilitate the raising and
lowering of the same.
An important feature of my said invention is the employment of a device or
devices which, whatever position the sash may occupy, will bear against the inner
surface of the casing or chamber into which the sash is lowered in opening the
window, and will exert sufficient pressure upon the said surface to sustain or
support the sash, or which will engage with a rack or the like in the said casing
or chamber, and thus sustain or support the sash-The necessity for fastening the
strap in order to support the sash, when the window is partially closed, is thus
obviated.
The said devices are preferably so arranged, in combination with the strap
employed for raising the sash, that the said sash will be released by the pulling of
the strap to raise the same and can therefore be easily raised to close or partially
cl se the window.
The said devices are, moreover, so constructed and arranged that the window can
be opened by simply pushing or pulling the sash down, and preferably so that the
force exerted to move the sash down will tend more or less to release the same or
to diminish the friction between the said devices and the surface of the casing or
chamber and, consequently, the resistance offered thereby to the movement of the
gash.
In some cases, I employ a lever or levers pivotted to the sash or to a plate
attached thereto and acted upon by one or more springs which tend to press the
said lever or levers against the inner surface of the said casing or chamber with
sufficient force to sustain or support the sash-or in place of these levers I employ
.

page_text: springs attached to the said sash or plate. The strap is connected with the said
levers or springs and the whole is so arranged that when the strap is pulled to
raise the sash the said levers will be slightly turned, or the springs compressed or
straightened, thereby moving or tending to move them out of contact with the
surface of the said casing or chamber, and so that any downward pressure exerted
on the sash will also move or tend to move the said levers or springs in the said
manner. I prefer to attach one or more pieces of india-rubber, leather, or other
suitable material to the said levers or springs to more effectually prevent the
rattling of the sash, or the shaking down thereof by the vibration of the carriage.
The sash is fitted to slide up and down in parallel grooves or channels in the
sides of the window frame-There is, therefore, no liability to rattling of the sash
as in carriage windows in which the sash slides up and down in taper grooves or
channels in the frame. In some cases, I employ a rack and one or more pawls
acted upon by springs which tend to keep them in engagement with the said rack,
and so arranged that the pulling of the strap to raise the sash will disengage the
said pawl or pawls from the rack and thus permit the raising of the sash.
In other cases, I employ one or more rollers which are pressed against the inner
surface of the aforesaid casing or chamber, and I provide means whereby the said
rollers are prevented from rotating when the sash is moved downwards, but which
permit the rotation of the rollers when the sash is raised. Or I attach eccentrics
to the sash and connect them there with by springs which tend to press them against
the surface of the said casing or chamber. The strap is so connected with these
eccentrics that when it is pulled to raise the sash it will diminish the friction
between the said surface and the eccentrics.
I can, however, more or less advantageously, employ other devices than those
above described for effecting the desired result.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Railway Carriage and other Windows. 3
I, JOHN YOUNG of No. 12 Chapter Road, Willesden Green in the County of
Middlesex Ship and Insurance Broker, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO RAILWAY CARRIAGE AND OTHER WINDOWS and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to railway carriage and other windows, and is designed to
provide for the retention or support of the window-sash in any position to which
it may be adjusted, to prevent rattling of the sash, and, in some instances, to
facilitate the raising and lowering of the same.
3

page_text: An important feature of my said invention is the employment of a device or
devices which, whatever position the sash may occupy, will bear against the inner
surface of the casing or chamber into which the sash is lowered in the act of
opening the window, and will exert sufficient pressure upon the said surface to
sustain or support the sash; or which will engage with a rack or the like in the
said casing or chamber and thus sustain or support the sash. The necessity for
fastening the strap in order to support the sash, when the window is partially
closed, is thus obviated. Moreover, if desired, the strap is dispensed with.
The accompanying drawing shows how the said invention may be conveniently
and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a vertical central transverse section of a portion of a railway carriage
door shewing the window sash in its closed position.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the inner side of a part of the said sash.
a is the frame of the door. b is the window-sash, which is fitted to slide up and
down in grooves a¹ in the usual manner, and is provided with a weather rail 6¹.
c is a steel spring which is secured by means of screws, to the lower bar of the
sash b. d is a piece of leather, or other suitable material, which is firmly attached,
by means of rivets, to the spring c. This spring is curved as shown so that, when
the sash is lowered into the chamber or casing a², the piece & will exert sufficient
pressure against the inner surface a³ of the said chamber or casing to support the
sash in any position to which it may be adjusted. The surface a³ is bevelled or
inclined at its upper end, so that, when the window is closed or nearly closed, the
spring c will not exert pressure against the said surface, and the grooves a¹ are so
shaped as to permit the sash to be pushed outward to cause the rail 6¹ to engage
with the rail e, as shown in Figure 1.
f is the strap for raising the sash. This strap may be dispensed with, if desired,
and any other suitable means provided for raising the said sash.
When the window is not provided with a weather rail such as that shown, the
sash is fitted to slide up and down in parallel grooves, and the parts are so con-
structed that the spring will support the sash in any position.
In some instances the spring is inverted and the strap is attached to its free end,
so that the pulling of the strap to raise the sash will tend to diminish the pressure
exerted by the spring and the sash can therefore be easily raised to close or
partially close the window. But, in this case also, the strap may be dispensed with
if desired.
I sometimes form a vertical slot in the inner part of the chamber or casing a³
and provide the spring with a handle which extends through the said alot, and
whereby the sash can be raised or lowered.
Two or more of the said springs are attached to the sash if deemed necessary or
desirable. The pressure of the said spring or springs effectually prevents rattling
of the sash.
I may substitute other devices for the springs above described.
In some cases I employ a lever or levers pivotted to the sash or to a plate
attached thereto and acted upon by one or more springs which tend to press the
said lever or levers against the inner surface of the said casing or chamber with
sufficient force to sustain or support the sash. Or, in place of these levers,
I employ springs attached to the said sash or plate. The strap is connected with
the said levers or springs, and the whole is so arranged that, when the strap is
pulled to raise the sash, the said levers will be slightly turned or the springs com-
pressed or straightened, thereby moving or tending to move them out of contact
with the surface of the said casing or chamber, and so that any downward pressure
exerted on the sash will also move, or tend to move, the said levers or springs in
this manner.
I prefer to attach one or more pieces of india-rubber, leather, or
other suitable material to the said levers or springs to more effectually prevent the
rattling of the sash or the shaking down thereof by the vibration of the carriage.
In some cases I employ a rack and one or more pawls acted upon by springs
which tend to keep them in engagement with the said rack, and so arranged that

page_text: the pulling of the strap to raise the sash will disengage the said pawl or pawls
from the rack, and thus permit the raising of the sash.
In other cases I employ one or more rollers which are pressed against the inner
surface of the aforesaid casing or chamber, and I provide means whereby the said
roller or rollers are prevented from rotating when the sash is moved downward, but
which permit the rotation of the rollers when the sash is raised. Or I attach
eccentrics to the sash and connect them therewith by springs which tend to press
them against the surface of the said casing or chamber. The strap is so connected
with these eccentrics that, when it is pulled to raise the sash, it will diminish the
friction between the said surface and the eccentrics.
I can, however, more or less advantageously employ other devices than those
above described for effecting the desired result.
If desired, I attach the spring, or other device, to the outer instead of the inner
side of the sash.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it understood that
I claim
First. The above described method of providing for the support of the sash of a
railway carriage or other window by the use of a spring or other device attached
to the said sash and arranged to bear against the surface of the casing or chamber
into which the sash is lowered in opening the window or to engage with a rack on
the said surface.
Second. The combination, with the sash of a railway carriage or other window,
of one or more springs, such as that above described, with or without a strap, all
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Third. The modification of my said invention wherein I provide the spring with
a handle extending through a slot in the casing or chamber into which the sash is
lowered in opening the window, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Fourth. The improved means, substantially as described with reference to the
accompanying drawing, for supporting the sash of a carriage window as above
specified.
Dated thia tranty first day of September 1886