matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
REVERSIBLE AND REVOLVING DROP TIPS FOR THE HEELS OF BOOTS, SHOES OR CLOGS
Year: 1884

page_text: I. THOMAS PAYNE 4 Plummer Street Pennywell Road Bristol in the city &
County of Bristol do hereby declare the nature of my invention for REVERSIBLE
AND REVOLVING DROP TIPS FOR THE HEELS OF BOOTS, SHOES OR CLOGS and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention consists in the application of a Drop or Well at the centre of the
Tip to be fastened to the Heel of the Boot Shoe or Clog by means of one Screw at
the centre. The Shape of the Tips may be varied, round or otherwise. My Drop
Tips enable the Tips to be Reversed from one Heel to the other, or turned by the
wearer's at their will and so replace the worn parts. In order to make my
Invention better understood and the advantages to be derived therefrom I will
further explain the nature of the Drop or Well of the Tip. This Drop being the
receptical for the fastening screw shows the screw when screwed home on the
Heel of the Boot Shor or Clog some sixteenth or one eigth of an inch below the
surface of the Tip. Thereby making it impossible for the Screw to become worn
or the Tip to get loose.
In making this provision for the sinking of the screw below the Tips surface it
follows there must be strength given to the under part of the Tip, and this is
where the secret of my Invention may be seen, and where the Drop is situated, and
is about one eigth of an inch below the plane of the Tip.
In order to fix my Tips properly on the Heels, with this projecting Drop
underneath the Tip, I make a perforation in the top lift of the Heel, to receive the
Drop or Well of the Tip, the Tip is then level with the Heel and ready for the
fastening Screw, which is when Screwed up quite firm as if fastened by nails.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is, that it gives to Tip wearers the advantage of not only replacing the worn
parts of the Tips in the first place, but when the original Tip is entirely worn out
they have the advantage of purchasing a new pair of Tips and fixing them
Price 971

page_text: themsolves without applying to a mender of Shoes, thus saving the usual cost of
repairing, and at the same time alway's keeping the Boot or Shoe in its proper
position.
In conclusion I would have it understood that my Drop Metal Heel Tips, will
include all or any shape, which allow of Reversing or Turning so as to replace the
worn parts as described.
PORT TOWEL RA
Year: 1884

page_text: HERBERT WRIGHT and TOM CHARLES COLES of 45 Wilton Road, Victoria
Station S.W. Builders and Decorators, do hereby declare the nature of said
invention for A WOODEN PORTABLE TOWEL RAIL to be as follows:-
The said Towel Rail to be made according to the accompanying Drawing, with
one, two, three or more Rails, as may be required, and of any kind of Wood. We
claim they are durable, easily fixed with 4 Screws to any Wall, Partition, or Wash-
stand, they occupy no floor space and if fixed to a Washstand can be folded back
and removed without being disconnected, they will not stain or leave any mark on
the Towels, they can easily be taken to pieces and a broken rail can be re-instated
by a new one. The construction of the said Towel Rail is composed of a thin
Wood back with rounded corners and bevilled edge, two semicircular wooden
molded brackets screwed on to the back with an iron bolt running through the top
bracket thence through the turned rails and secured into the bottom bracket with
an iron Nut, cach rail being provided with a metal washer between to prevent the
Rails rubbing against each other.

page_text: HERBERT WRIGHT and TOM CHARLES COLES of Number 45 Wilton Road, Victoria
Station, London S.W. Builders and Decorators, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for A WOODEN PORTABLE TOWEL RAIL to be as follows, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The said Towel Rail to be made according to the Drawings accompanying the
Provisional Specification and to be made with one, two, three or more Rails as may
be required, and of any kind of Wood. The construction of the said Towel Rail is
composed of a thin wood back with rounded corners and bevilled edges, two semi-
circular wooden molded brackets screwed on to the back with an iron bolt running
through the turned Rails and secured into the bottom bracket with a Metal Washer
between to prevent the Rails rubbing against each other. We claim they are
durable, easily fixed with four Screws to any Wall, Partition, or Washstand, they
occupy no floor space and if fixed to a Washstand can be folded back and removed
without being disconnected, they will not stain or leave any mark on the Towels, they
can easily be taken to pieces and a broken Rail can be reinstated by a new one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
We declare that what we claim is-
The Wooden Portable Towel Rail substantially as herein before described and
Illustrated.
Dated this 28th day of November 1881
MENT IN RIDING SADDLES
Year: 1884

page_text: I ALFRED PERKIN New Road Water Orton Near Birmingham in the County
of Warwick Saddler do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENT IN RIDING SADDLES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
I fix to the frame or tree upon which the Saddle is made two fans of steel or
other elastic substance to project at the back of the Saddle and cover them with
The object
leather which makes spring fans in place of the solid ones now in use
of the spring fan is to prevent the points of the fans from injuring the horse's
back and to fit a hollow backed horse The spring fans may be fixed either to the
tree or the punnel of the Saddle.
"
Having now specified the object and nature of this my said invention for
Improvement in Riding Saddles its description will be proceeded with in reference
to the accompanying drawings (that is to say)
Fig. 1 is an under plan view of Saddle tree or frame embodying improvement.
Fig. 2 is a top plan view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view in elevation of figs 1 & 2.
Fig. 4 is a side view in elevation of Saddle.
Fig. 5 is the side view 'in elevation of pannel or lining with pocket stitched on
in which the fan fits..
The same letters of reference indicate like or corresponding parts upon the
several figs.
In fig. 1 A is the usuale wood tree or frame B is the fan rivetted to the tree.
In fig. 2 B is the fan when covered.
In fig. 5 C is the leather pocket for Fan B to fit in.
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein given and set forth and
shewn on the accompanying drawings but that I hold myself at liberty to alter
or modify the same without departing essentially from the principle of my said
Invention I do not claim the construction of parts taken seperately and apart from
each other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner, the same is to be performed I declare that what
. I claim is
The construction and application of Spring fans for Riding Saddles generally
substantially in the manner and for the purpose as heretofore described.
Dated this 19th day of September 1885.

page_text: I ALFRED PERKIN New Road Water Orton Nr Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Saddler do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENT IN RIDING SADDLES to be as follows:-
:-
I fix to the frame or Tree upon which the Saddle is made two fans made of
Steel to project at the back of the Saddle, and cover them with leather which
makes Spring fans in place of the solid ones now in use The object of the Spring
fan is to prevent the points of the fan injuring the horse's back and to fit a hollow
backed horse The spring fan may either be fixed to the tree or the pannel of the
Saddle.
1
L FEL SKI
Year: 1884

page_text: DAVID BARKER 59 Newton Street Piccadilly Manchester Skirt Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for A QUILTED FELT SKIRT to
be as follows:-
The skirt is made of felt with an interior lining of two sheets of wadding and a
5 back lining of Victoria lawn the whole being sewn together is termed quilting-
and the bottom of the skirt is bound with worsted braid.

page_text: I DAVID BARKER of 59 Newton Street Piccadilly Manchester Skirt Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "A QUILTED FELT SKIRT"
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following, statement:―
•
To make a skirt according to my Invention I first take a piece of felt which
I cut to the required form or forms and I then cut a similar form or forms from a
piece of Victoria lawn or other suitable lining fabric, and having placed a sheet or
sheets of wadding between these two fabrics I sew the three materials together
thereby forming what is known as quilting.
I then stitch together the piece or pieces of quilted felt to form the skirt.
I would here remark that I do not limit myself to this precise method of making
the skirt, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is a skirt made of felt with an inside lining of Victoria lawn or other 1
suitable fabric and an interior lining of wadding between, the whole being sewn
together thereby forming a quilted felt skirt.
Dated the 3rd day of Santamber 100.1
CHARLES DAVIES,
Agent for the Applicant,
4, St. Ann's Square,
Manchester..
AN IMPROVED DRIPPING PAN
Year: 1884

page_text: I FREDERICK BROWN, Stuart Street, Luton, Ironfounder, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED DRIPPING PAN to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the application of the principle of the Double Baking
Pan to Dripping pans used when Joints are roasted in front of the fire.
The lower pan contains water, the upper pan receives the dripping from the
joints and is prevented from becoming overheated by the action of the water below.
The ordinary pans are soon heated to a high temperature and the dripping
falling on the hot metal is instantly burnt and causes an unpleasant smell-The
improved pan prevents this annoyance, it also increases the quantity and improves
the quality of the dripping.

page_text: I FREDERICK BROWN, Stuart Street, Luton, Bedfordshire, Ironfounder, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVED DRIPPING PAN and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
I apply the principle of the double baking pan to dripping pans used when
roasting in front of the fire, the object being to prevent the burning of the dripping
as it falls upon the hot pan, and the smell arising therefrom.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of an ordinary Jack Screen fitted with my double pan and
fig. 2 is a section of the same.
Fig. 3 is a section of the lower pan and fig. 4 a plan of the same.
Fig. 5 is a section of the upper pan and fig. 6 a plan of the same.
The lower pan contains water which reduces the temperature of the upper pan
and prevents its burning, avoiding smell, and improving the quantity and quality
of the dripping.
The shape and details can be varied, and the two pans can be joined together if
desired, but I prefer their being separate (technically termed a double pan) being
moro convenient and less expensive in this form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A double pan for joints roasted in front of the fire either with or without heat
screens, the upper pan to receive the dripping, the lower pan to contain water
substantially as described and illustrated by the annexed drawings.
Dated this tou
100K
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAW SETS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HANS ANDREAS HANSEN, of 33 Normansgade Kampen Christiania in
Norwege, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAW SETS, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This Invention relates to tongs or pliers for regulating or shaping the angle of
the teeth of saws. The Invention consists in the combination of various parts
applied to tongs for the purpose of such shaping as illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing, said parts being arranged to allow of the regulation or shaping of almost
any size saw at any practical angle-In the Drawing herewith is shown a
perspective view of the tongs and the various parts-a is a thumb screw for
securing in position the adjustable saw blade gripper b. c a thumb screw for
regulating the pitch of the saw tooth. d anvil or block over which the saw teeth
are bent by the downward action of the stud e fixed on the upper jaw of the
tongs f is a thumb screw regulating the amount of approach of the limbs of the
tongs or pliers and consequently also of their respective anvil d and stud e-s is
part of a saw blade After once adjusting the various parts the saw teeth can be
all set to the same angle right and left by placing the tongs on the right and left
alternately of the blade.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
The tongs in combination with their various parts substantially as described and
illustrated and for the purposes set forth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPE MOUTH PIECES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I JAMES DOUGLAS CARTER of 24 Denbigh Road Bayswater in the County
of Middlesex Manufacturer of vulcanite goods-do hereby declare the nature of
my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPE MOUTH PIECES to be as
follows:-
My Invention has for its object improvements in Tobacco Pipe Mouth Pieces
and relates to means whereby it advoids the spittle or moisture from the tongue
entering the bore of the Mouth Piece when smoking.
.
For this purpose instead of the entrance to the bore of the mouth piece being at
the extreme point I make the entrance on the top or sides of the mouth piece at a
sufficient distance from the extremo point to prevent the tongue touching the
opening to the bore when smoking.

page_text: I JAMES DOUGLAS CARTER of 44 Gowlett Road East Dulwich in the County
of Surrey Manufacturer of Stationers Sundries do hereby declare the nature of
my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPE MOUTH PIECES and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention has for its object improvements in Tobacco Pipe Mouth Picces
and relates to means whereby it advoids tho spittle or moisture from the tongue
entering the bore of the Mouth Piece when smoking.
For this purpose the bore of the Mouth Piece terminates on the top a short
distance from the extreme point so that the tongue when smoking will not touch
the boro.
The Mouth Pieces can be made of any materials that are used for this purpose &
can be moulded, turned, etc as understood in the Pipe trade.
The Mouth Pieces now in use can be converted into the above Patent by pluging
the entrance to the bore & drilling down from the top (a short distance from the
extreme point) to meet the bore.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1 Tobacco Pipe Mouth Pieces having the entrance to the bore on the top a short
distance from the extreme point.
A NEW METHOD OF MAKING A SUN-DIAL
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HENRY CURZON of N° 61 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the county of Middlesex,
Architect do hereby declare the nature of my invention for A NEW METHOD OF
MAKING A SUN-DIAL to be as follows:-
I make the Dial of ground glass or other opaque material so that the gnomon
5 being screened from view the shadow of the gnomon cast by the Sun is visible from
the back or opposite side to which the gnomon is fixed.

page_text: I, HENRY CURZON of N° 61 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London Architect do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for A NEW METHOD OF MAKING A SUN-DIAL,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
I make the Dial of ground glass or of glass known as opal glass or I paint or
stipple one surface of the glass so as to render it partly opaque or in other words
translucent but not transparent.
I prefer to place the Dial vertically but a horizontal Dial can be inserted in a
roof or ceiling so as to be seen from below.
The gnomon being on the sun-ward side of the Dial the shadow cast by it on
the Dial is perceptible to the observer on the other side or face of the glass by
reason of the translucency of the glass whilst the actual gnomon is screened from
view by reason of the glass not being transparent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
(1) The use for the purpose of a Sun dial of ground glass or opal glass or
translucent porcelain or glass obscured by painting or stippling so that not being
transparent it remains translucent.
(2) Staining & painting the requisite lines & figures on a glass dial and burning
them in in a glass stainer's kiln-or engraving the said lines & figures on a glass
Dial
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE EXTINGUISHERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I ALBERT SIEVERS of 29 Westgate Street Gloucester in the County of Gloucester-
shire Independent of any Calling do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE EXTINGUISHERS to be as follows:-
An upright bar attached to the Candle-stick by a Clasp tightened by means of
a screw the said bar being about 3 inches from the Candle upon which the
Extinguisher is balanced by means of a bar working horizontally to the upright at
one end being the Extinguisher and the other a small chain with a pin at end
which is stuck into the candle at the part desired to be extinguished. The hinge
upon which the horizontal bar is balanced can be moved either upwards or
downwards and the horizontal bar pulled either backwards or forwards and
tightened at the required parts by screws. This invention can be used with any
ordinary Candle-stick.

page_text: I ALBERT SIEVERS of 3 College Green Gloucester in the County of Gloucester-
shire of independent means do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE EXTINGUISHERS and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
(A) An ordinary Extinguisher fixed to the end of beam E pivoted to a vertical
pillar and fastened to any Candle-stick by the Clip B (C) Loose socket working
on vertical pillar P which is placed at the height Candle is required to be
extinguished and fixed in position by screw D.
Extinguisher is then adjusted to drop on Candle by sliding the beam E through
socket F and fixed by screw G hook H is then forced into the Candle in a line
horizontal with screw C.
Mode of attaching beam E to vertical pillar shown in section (Fig. 1).
Plan of Clip for Candle-stick shown (Fig. 2).
tado
Deam to vertical punar snown in section (Fig. 1)
Plan of Clip for Candle-stick shown (Fig. 2).
Extinguisher adjusted (Fig. 2).
Light Extinguished (Fig. 4).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st That my invention is an automatic Candle Extinguisher.
2nd That it can be fitted to any Candle-stick.
IMPROVEMENTS OR APPLICABLE BUCKLES CLASPS OR SECURING OF TO THE ARTICLES TO ELASTIC AND OTHER FABRICS OR MATERIALS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
I COLIN MCDOUGALL of Manchester in the County of Lancaster Smallware
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
OR APPLICABLE
BUCKLES CLASPS OR
SECURING OF
TO THE
ARTICLES TO ELASTIC AND OTHER FABRICS OR MATERIALS to be as follows:-
IN
SIMILAR
The object of this Invention is to dispense with stitching in securing buckles or
similar articles to clastic or other fabrics or materials and consists of a sheet metal
clip placed upon one face of the fabric or material and the extremities or edges of
which clip are bent round to the other side of the fabric or material which is either
folded or otherwise after passing through the buckle or other article when such clip
is afterwards by preference indented or impressed with a punch either by hand or
a machine and thus becomes effectually secured in position.

page_text: I COLIN M'DOUGALL of Manchester in the County of Lancaster Smallware
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR APPLICABLE TO THE SECURING OF BUCKLES CLASPS OR SIMILAR
ARTICLES TO ELASTIC AND OTHER FABRICS OR MATERIALS," and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The object of this Invention is to dispense with stitching in securing buckles or
similar articles to elastic or other fabrics or materials; and consists of a sheet metal
clip, placed upon one face of the fabric or material, and the extremities or edge of
which clip are bent round to the opposite side of the fabric or material, (which is
either folded or otherwise), after passing through the buckle or other article, when
such clip is afterwards indented or impressed with a punch, either by hand, or a
machine, and thus becomes effectually secured in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
Securing buckles clasps or similar articles to elastic or other fabrics or materials
by means of a metallic clip indented or impressed into the fabric or material,
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
in t
A ALL 15
JOHN G. WILSON,
Agent for the Patentee.
APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SPEED OF GUIDE SCREWS OF LATHES
Year: 1884

page_text: WILLIAM DARLING and ROBERT SELLERS, both of Keighley in the County of
York, Engineers and Tool Makers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SPEED OF GUIDE SCREWS OF LATHES, to be
as follows:-
Change wheels are employed in the ordinary way for giving the required pitch
of screw to be cut, The short shaft A has on it the change wheel I on the opposite
end of shatt A is a fixed pinion D, the pinion D gears with wheel E on shaft C
which shaft may be placed in any position parallel with guide screw B, on contrary
end of shaft C is a wheel F, this wheel gears with wheel G running loose on guide,
screw B; between the wheel or pinion D and wheel G is a clutch box H fitterl
onto guide screw B moveable end way on a key. The pinion D and wheel G have
clutches corresponding to clutch box .H so that when clutch H is in gear with
pinion or wheel D the guide screw is driven direct from spindle of lathe, and will
give a pitch according to the change wheels used; on clutch H being put into gear
with wheel the speed of guide screw B will be in proportion to the difference in
the diameters of the wheels D. E. F. G.
The principle object of our invention is to obtain a slow traverse for sliding
when the lathe is geared for screw cutting, without altering the change wheels.
Dated this 4th day of March 1884.
WILLIAM DARLING.
ROBERT SELLERS.

page_text: WILLIAM DARLING and ROBERT SELLERS both of Keighley in the county of
York Engineers and Tool Makers, do hereby, declare the nature of our invention
for AN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SPEED OF GUIDE SCREWS OF LATHES and
in what manner the same. is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Change wheels are employed in the ordinary way for giving the required pitch
of screw to be cut.
.. The short shaft A has on it the change wheel I, on the opposite end of shaft A
is a fixed pinion D, the pinion D gears with wheel E on shaft C which shaft may
be placed in any position parallel with guide screw B, On contrary end of shaft C
is a wheel F, this wheel gears with wheel G running loose on guide screw B;
Between the wheel or pinion D and wheel G is a clutch box H fitted on to guide
screw B, moveable end way on a key, The pinion D and wheel G have clutches
corresponding to clutch box H so that when clutch H is in gear with pinion or
wheel D the guide screw is driven direct from spindle of lathe and will give a
pitch according to the change wheels used; On clutch H being put into gear with
wheel G the speed of guide screw B will be in proportion to the difference in the
diameters of the wheels D. E. F. G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, We declare that what
we claim is
An appliance for obtaining a slow traverse for sliding by guide screw, when
geared up for screw cutting, without altering the change wheels, This being done
quickly & effectively by the movement of the clutch box, substantially as shewn
and described.
WILLIAM DARLING.
ROBERT SELLERS.
Folding Shutters for Shop Windows, Doors and the like.
Year: 1884

page_text: Folding Shutters for Shop Windows, Doors, and the like.
I JARDINE CARRUTHERS Wholesale and General Ironmonger Manufactures of
Nails Shoe Plates Clog Irons &c 10 Scotch St Carlisle in the County of
Cumberland do hereby declare the nature of my invention for FOLDING
SHUTTERS FOR SHOP WINDOWS DOORS & THE LIKE to be as follows:-
To fold into a pocket below the window virtical bars folded together upon two
or more horisontal bars in such a way as to go into the least room possible and so
arranged as to rise up out of the pocket below the window to form a railing in
front of the plate glass for its protection-See drawings.
Discription of folding shutters for shop windows doors and the like patented by
Jardine Carruthers Carlisle-See drawing attatched.
No. 1 shows the shutters when the shop is closed for the night.
No. 2 shows the shutters when folded into the pocket or recess below the
window out of sight behind the pannel-for the day:
No. 3 shows the middle part folded up which goes into the same pocket or recess
as described in No 2.

page_text: Folding Shutters for Shop Windows, Doors, and the like.
I JARDINE CARRUTHERS Wholesale & General Ironmonger Manufacturer of
Nails Shoeplates Clog Irons &c 10 Scotch Street Carlisle in the County of
Cumberland do hereby declare the nature of my invention for FOLDING
SHUTTERS FOR SHOP WINDOWS DOORS AND THE. LIKE and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
To fold into a pocket below the window, Vertical Bars folding together upon
two or more horisontal bars in such a way as to go into the least possible room
and so arranged as to rise up in front of the plate glass to form a railing for its
protection. See drawings sent with Specification. Form B.-
Having now particularly discribed and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declair that what
I claim is
1st By the use of my shop window folding shutters a great saving of time and
labour is effected in opening and closing a shop or place of business and by the
arrangement of many joints they fold into little room and can be placed into a
small pocket or recess.
:
2nd That the advantage of .leaving shutters off the window for the purpose of
showing goods while the shop is closed is gained and yet the danger in crowded
streets of having the glass broken is obviated.
3rd That my shop window. folding shutters can be made at less cost than any
other folding shutters.
:
J
CT TOOK
WATER PREVENTOR
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
JOHN FRIEND Plumber & Coppersth 6 North Bridge St Davids Exeter, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for WASTE WATER PREVENTOR, to be
as follows:-
Iron cistern with a two inch valve in bottom and a pipe affixed outside which
forms the long leg of Syphon, the short leg being in the angle of cistern A small.
valve is placed on the top of Syphon which allows the air to pass out and assists
Syphonic Action.
The Ball lever which lifts the valve in bottom of cistern is also attached to stem
of Buoy valve and keeps it closed whilst the lever is being held down.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
JOHN FRIEND 6 North Bridge S. Davids Exeter Plumber Gasfitter &c do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for WASTE WATER PREVENTER and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
"
An Iron Cistern (A) with valve (B) in bottom and a pipe affixed outside which
forms the long leg (C) of Syphon the short leg (D) being in the angle of Cistern A
small valve (E) is placed on the top of Syphon which allows the air to pass out and
assists Syphonic action The ball leyer. (F) which lifts the valve in the bottom of
Cistern is also attached to stem of Buoy Valve (G) and keeps it closed while the
lever is being held down,
1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
'The Syphon with valve on the top which allows the air to pass out and assists
Syphonic action The feature of novelty of my invention for a Water Waste
Preventor is the small brass valve (E) on the top of the long leg of syphon (C)
which allows the air to pass out when the valve in the bottom of the cistern is
lifted therefore making the syphonic action instantaneous and certain “as herein
described."
1
:
1
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGE CASES
Year: 1884

page_text: I DAVID FITZGERALD DOWNING Captain in the Royal Artillery stationed at
Woolwich in the County of Kent do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGE CASES to be as follows:-
I employ certain refractory substances, as Lime & the silicates of Alumina,
Magnesia Soda &c. obtainable from certain products occurring in nature as Asbestos,
or producible by chemical reaction, and occurring in the slags of smelting & other
furnaces which may be thus advantageously utilized. These are run or pressed
into suitable moulds which give the required form, generally cylindro-conoidal &
hollow. The exterior may be made smooth & coned to fit closely to the powder
chamber & the interior roughened with spiral threads or to retain a grip of the
explosive charge. My object is to obtain a hard anhydroscopic refractory shell,
capable of withstanding the crushing effect of the explosion and which will not act
chemically on the explosive or metal of the arm in which used, & which is a bad
conductor of heat.

page_text: Improvements in Cartridge Cases.
I DAVID FITZGERALD DOWNING Captain in the Royal Artillery stationed at
Woolwich in the County of Kent do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGE CASES and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
I employ certain refractory substances known as the silicates of various metals
and their compounds as Alumina Magnesia, Lime & also Iron and other of the more
common metals, which silicates may be obtained in the form of Asbestos, Pumice
Stone, Infusorial earth & the like, and slags from metal & other furnaces where
fluxes are employed or occur. These silicates are treated so as to form a non-
conducting refractory & tough casing for the explosive as follows. Asbestos & the
like may be treated in two ways (1) in the form of paper it is rolled in layers
upon a suitable former & cemented with a silicious cement: (2) in the form of
clay it is moulded in suitable moulds under pressure & baked if necessary.
Slags are selected according to their composition which varies in the same
furnace with the temperature, & run while hot into suitable moulds heated to
the correct temperature for the particular slag & subjected to pressure while in
the liquid or plastic state & allowed to cool gradually. The object here is to
obtain a peculiar form of silicate, hard, & metallic in character which forms a solid
inflexible casing. The slags of a more glassy nature are subjected to the action of
a current of air & blown into fine threads which are then treated as asbestos to
form paper & this rolled to form the cylindrical casing.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The application of the compounds of Silicon known as the silicates obtained
& treated substantially as described to form Cartridge Cases.
A COMBINED LIBRARY STEPS AND EASEL
Year: 1884

page_text: 5
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I GEORGE HAMPTON, of the firm of Hampton & Sons, Cabinet Makers &
Upholsterers, 8, 9,.10 Pall Mall East, in the City of Westminster do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A COMBINED LIBRARY STEPS AND
EASEL" to be as follows:-
A combined library steps and easel, folding up as ordinary steps with easel
formed on the two back less as shewn in the accompanying Drawing.

page_text: I GEORGE HAMPTON of the firm of Hampton & Sons, Cabinet Makers &
Upholsterers, 8, 9, 10 Pall Mall East, in the City of Westminster do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A COMBINED LIBRARY STEPS AND
EASEL" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the construction of a combined library steps and easel
folding up as ordinary steps with easel formed on the two back legs whereby I
obtain a simple and perfect combination, the one supporting the other requiring no
conversion both being ready for use at the same time.
In order to enable my Invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing in which Figure 1, is a
perspective view of the combined steps and easel, from the front so as to clearly
shew the easel; Figure 2, is a perspective view from the back so as to shew the
steps, and Figure 3, is a side view shewing the steps and easel closed together.
Similar letters in all the Figures represent similar parts.
a, represents the easel of suitable construction and forming the back legs of the
steps b, the two parts being hinged together at the top at c, so as to allow them to
be opened out like ordinary steps when required for use either as an easel or as
steps as shewn in Figures 1, and 2, respectively or to be closed so as to occupy
a small space when not required for use as shewn in Figure 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is―
A combined library steps and easel as hereinbefore described and represented in
the accompauving Drawing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS
Year: 1884

page_text: We CHARLES CLARKE of N° 7, Washington Street Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Manufacturer and AUSTIN EDWIN PARSONS of No 143 Upper Mary Street
Balsall Heath in the County of Worcester Manager do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS" and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement that is to say :—
Our Invention has for its object improvements in sash fasteners and is intended
to afford greater security as against any attempts which might be made to open
the fastener from the outside of the window, indeed with this fastener it would be
practically impossible to unfasten it without first breaking a pane of glass, Many
attempts have been made to produce such fasteners with more or less success but
they have generally been dear and complicated if effective. Now our invention is
not only effective but is exceedingly simple and can be produced at a remarkably
cheap rate.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and easily carried into
practice I have appended hereunto a sheet of Drawings upon which-
Figure 1. is a plan of the fastener partially open.
Figure 2. shews the same fastener in plan when closed and locked but
with the head of the stud A removed.
Figure 3. shews a section through the two sashes when the fastener is
in the position as shewn by Figure 2.
Figure 4. shews the front staple.
The plate B is screwed upon the back sash C as usual and has the radial arm E
pivotted upon it at F. This knob H has a supplimental hook arm K pivoted upon
the main arm E by the pivot R. It will be seen by Figure 4 that the front
staple N has the projecting head A upon the shank M. It will thus be seen that
the arm E is simply brought round upon its pivot F by the knob or handle H
until it takes its position under the head A and against the shank M. Immediately
this is done the knob H is turned slightly between the thumb and finger which
brings the supplimental arm K around into the position shewn by Figure 2 thus
entirely encircling the shank M and thus locking the fastener until the knob is
again turned round to unlock the fastener. The stops prevents the radial arm E

page_text: passing too far and the stop p limits the supplimental arm K in its travel. This
fastener may of course be applied to many similar purposes besides sashes such for
instance as sliding doors.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The improved sash fastener for securely locking the radial arm E around the
shank M by means of a supplimental arm K substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 6th day of December 1884.
A PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING COLLARS, COLLARETS MUFFS, HATS AND OTHER WEARING APPAREL FROM FEATHERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of
the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
"A PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING COLLARS, COLLARETS MUFFS, HATS
AND OTHER WEARING APPAREL FROM FEATHERS" and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
This invention refers to the manufacture of collars, collarets, muffs hats and other
wearing apparel from feathers.
The feathers, which may be ordinary fowls feathers, are first twisted so that the
separate side branches of a feather, instead of being arranged flat on each side of
the stem, become disposed radially all round the stem. This twisting may suitably
be done by means of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying
drawings. The apparatus consists of a bow shaped piece a which by means of a
screw b is clamped on to a table or board and which at its upper ends is made to
receive a spindle c to revolve freely therein and provided at one end with clamping
tongs d. The latter consist of the tongs proper d and the sliding clamping ring f.
The feather is with its lower end fastened in the tongs as shown, and while the
operator holds the feather in one hand and draws it through between the thumb
and the first finger, he turns the spindle c round with the other hand. Drawing
the feather thus once through is sufficient for the purpose.
The feathers thus twisted are next fastened onto some suitable textile lining
material by means of india rubber dissolved in benzine or by any other suitable
adhesive so that the feathers are laid closely upon each other forming a thick
feathery material as shown in Figure 3.
The material on which the feathers are to be thus glued is first cut to the form
of the desired garment and placed on a wooden block or form such for instance as
shown in Figure 2 where a feather collaret is shown in process of manufacture,
The fastening on of the feathers is done by hand.
D

page_text: Having now particularly described and nscertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The manufacture of collars, collarets, muffs, hats and other wearing apparel
from feathers by first twisting the feathers and then by means of a suitable
adhesive material glueing them on to the lining or material cut out in the form of
the desired garment substantially as set forth.
2. The apparatus shown in Figure 1 for the purpose set forth.
SILVERING AND POLISHING PLATE POWDER
Year: 1884

page_text: JAMES FINLEY 4 Stuart Terrace Devonport Devon Watch Maker do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for SILVERING AND POLISHING PLATE POWDER
to be as follows:-
desolve nitric or any other salt of silver into cyanide of silver by the known
process, useing only sufficient cyanide of potassium to bring it to liquid, than
adding about one gallon of water for every half ounce of cyanide of silver, I then
mix together two pounds of precipitated chalk and about half a pound more or
less of rouge, I then put about a pint of the silver solution stirring well until it
becomes a thick paste, I then evaporate it to dryness over a strong fire, and pound
into powder again, which is ready for use by mixing a small quantity of the powder
with water.

page_text: -
I JAMES FINLEY of 4 Stuart Terrace, Devonport in the County of Devon,
Watch Maker do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "SILVERING.
AND POLISHING PLATE POWDER" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement::.
My Invention has for its object the production of a powder for polishing and
silvering plate and other articles of metal, and consists in combining cyanide of
silver with precipitated chalk and rouge, or their equivalents.
In carrying out my Invention I prepare a solution of cyanide of silver by
dissolving nitrate of silver or other salt of silver in a large quantity of water. To
this solution of silver I add a solution of about three parts of cyanide of potassium
to forty parts of water, adding the same gradually to the silver solution so long as
a precipitate of cyanide of silver is produced. The said precipitate of cyanide of
silver is then washed several times in clean water and redissolved in a solution of
about three and a half parts of cyanide of potassium to twenty parts of water,
sufficient only of the said solution being. used to redissolve the cyanide of silver.
I then add one gallon of water to every half ounce of cyanide of silver dissolved.
This solution of cyanide of silver is then added to a mixture of about four parts of
precipitated chalk to one part of rouge, in the proportion of about a pint of the
silver solution to every two and a half pounds of the chalk and rouge mixture;
the whole being well stirred until it becomes a thick paste. I then evaporate it to
dryness and reduce it again to powder when it is ready for use, the said powder
being moistened with water before being applied to the plate or other articles.
My silvering and polishing powder may be prepared from, any-solution of
cyanide of silver; and other polishing substances may be used instead of precipitated
chalk and rouge without departing from my Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A silvering and polishing plate-powder containing cyanide of silver in
combination with precipitated chalk and rouge or their equivalents, as set forth.
Dated this 24th day of April A.D. 1884.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
I, CLEMENT HARRISON of 7 Grove Market, Melbourne Grove, East Dulwich
Writer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP" to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to increase the detergent qualities of soap, and
although it is more particularly applicable to soaps for use in washing or cleaning
clothes and fabrics, it may also be employed in the manufacture of toilet soaps
generally.
The Invention consists in the addition to the fats and oils, during the process of
manufacture of the soaps, of the following ingredients, viz:-Turps, ammonia,
pearl asb, and methylated spirit. These ingredients, in suitable proportions, are
added to the fats &c when the latter are in a liquid state and thoroughly
incorporated therewith,

page_text: I CLEMENT HARRISON of 7 Grove Market, Melbourne Grove, East Dulwich,
Writer do hereby declare the nature of the invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to increase the detergent qualities of soap, and
although it is more particularly applicable to common yellow soap for laundry and
domestic purposes it may also be applied to toilet soaps generally.
The invention consists in the addition to soap or to the fats and oils, during the
process of manufacture of the soap of the following ingredients viz: Turps, ammonia
and pearl ash with or without the addition of methylated spirit. These ingredients
in suitable proportions are added preferably to the manufactured soap in a melted
state, or it may be to the fats and oils previous to their saponification and
thoroughly incorporated therewith. For general use I prefer to omit the
methylated spirit and the soap may be allowed to solidify or used in the liquid
state.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I do not limit myself
to any particular proportions of the ingredients but what I claim is
The combination with soap or with the ingredients for making soap of turps,
ammonin and pearl ash with or without the addition of methylated spirit as
specified.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A TOOTHI TINCTURE OR TOOTH WASH FOR EFFECTUALLY CURING TOOTH ACHE
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
SIEGFRIED GOLDMANN, Druggist, of 25 Hobestrasse in the City of Dresden,
Saxony, Germany do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for AN IMPROVED
PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A TOOTHI TINCTURE OR TOOTH WASH FOR
EFFECTUALLY CURING TOOTH ACHE, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to an improved process for the manufacture of a tooth
tincture or tooth wash for effectually curing tooth ache.
In order to carry my said invention into effect I place 40 parts by weight of
Pockwood or Guaicum officinale in a suitable well glazed or enamelled vessel or
receptacle then pour 60 parts by weight of rectified alcohol of 90% strength over
the same and allow the same to stand for 14 days or until a dark brown extract
is nttained.
I further take one part by weight of peppermint leaves and 9 parts by weight
of Calamus root and boil the same in a suitable iron boiler or vessel.
After the extract of Pockwood or Guaiacum officinale has stood a sufficient length
of time I place or decant the said extract into a second vessel and add the decoct
of peppermint and calamus to the same and also 40 parts by weight of aqua
distillatus or distilled water.
I now allow this product to stand for about 3 weeks so that the resin of the
pockwood or Guaiacum officinale and the remnants of the peppermint leaves and
Calamus root can settle after which time the prepared tooth tincture or tooth wash
can be decanted or filled off from the sediment and is ready for use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The process of manufacturing tooth tincture or tooth wash from Pockwood or
Guaiacum officinale rectified alcohol, peppermint leaves, calamus root and distilled
water substantially in the proportions and for the purpose as described in the
foregoing specification.