Gas Burner Operating with Intimate Mixture of Gas and Air.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 17th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 30th Apr., 1895
Gas Burner Operating with Intimate Mixture of Gas and Air.
I, LOUIS DENAYROUZE, of 70 Boulevard Victor Hugo, Neuilly, Seine, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Having ascertained by a series of experiments that it is possible to obtain with
an incandescence gas burner an extraordinary degree of incandesence with a mixture
of gas and air at a weak pressure, if the mixture of the combustible and the
supporter of combustion is effected rationally in an intimate manner in the vicinity
of the burner by the agency of a very small force, I have according to my present
invention so arranged such burners that the small amount of energy required for
producing the mixture is supplied by the waste heat of the combustion.
In former arrangements, I had recourse to electricity either as force produced
externally to the burner, or as force generated by the waste heat of the burner, and
transmitting to a fan, through the medium of a small electric motor, the impulse
required for the suction and for the effective formation of the mixture.
My present invention relates to arrangements which, it is true, borrow from my
previously patented apparatus their main device and the fundamental idea of the
formation of a perfect mixture by means of a very minute amount of mechanical
work, but which differ essentially therefrom in that I no longer have recourse to
electricity whether for producing or for transforming the necessary energy for the
effective formation of the mixture.
My invention will be readily understood from the following description relative
to the accompanying drawing.
First arrangement (Fig. 1).-Above the glass a of the incandescent mantle of .a
burner, supplied as will be described, I arrange a small wheel with helical vanes,
similar to the mica smoke dispersers which are placed above lamps for dispersing
the issuing products of combustion.
This wheel carries with it in its rotation an axis e turning in a step-bearing
which is made with the accuracy of clockwork. The other end of the axis turns
freely in a bearing e formed at the upper part of frame f, which carries the whole
system and rests with frictional contact on the glass.
Each vane of the suction wheel is extended by a straight thin rod g which is
expanded into a fan-like blade in the interior of an annular ventilator h. The
external air and the gas arrive in the central part of this ventilator through an
inlet f. They issue therefrom at the outer circumference thereof, and, passing
through a bent tube, shewn on the drawing, to the lower part of the mantle, issue
through an orifice provided with wire gauze.
But in this apparatus a still notable effort has to be produced on account of the

page_text: .
changes of direction of the fluids and the comparatively long travel of the
mixture.
Therefore the following solution, presenting a higher character of simplicity and
elegance, affords the means of producing, by almost rudimentary appliances a
remarkable final effect.
Second arrangement (Fig. 2).-I take a Bunsen's burner with gas holes sufficiently
far apart opening into a suction tube a of a diameter sufficiently large and of
sufficient length, with air inlet orifices suitably regulated.
At one third or one half the height of the tube is a horizontal transverse bar b,
light but rigid, carrying at its middle a small step bearing made as accurately as
clockwork. Upon this bearing can turn a very light but rigid axis d which carries
an Archimedian screw of aluminium e with one or more entrances, which screw has
for its outer suction casing the tube a forming the Bunsen burner itself. The
screw stops short a little below the wire gauze i which forms the orifice for the
mixture or base of the burner.
But the stem of the screw is extended; it passes through the incandescent mantle
in the direction of its length, this part of the stem being made of or coated with
sufficiently refractory material for that purpose.
This same stem carries at its upper part a wheel with horizontal vanes which
forms a smoke disperser at the upper part of the glass and which turns under the
influence of the pressure of the hot gases escaping vertically.
It is guided by a bearing situated either in the middle of a frame resting on the
glass, or at the extremity of a light bracket f which is carried on the base of
the burner.
The apparatus operates as follows: As in the Bunsen burner and all similar
burners, the gas under pressure issuing through the narrow orifices of the lower
diaphragm, causes a sufficiently strong air draught and there is produced in the
first part of the travel of the jets of air and gas, starting in a direction almost
parallel, a penetration already tolerably considerable as it is thus that it has been
hitherto possible to produce the incandescence most generally utilized.
But this quite moderately intimate mixture arrives at the base of the Archimedian
screw, which, carried round by the same rapid movement as the vane wheel at the
top of the apparatus, catches up on their passages so to speak, the threads of gas
and air still only slightly mixed, bends, beats and crushes them between the sides
of the screw and those of the suction tube, more than compensating for the loss of
pressure to which they will be subjected by a change of direction pure and simple,
by the suction or propelling effect produced by the Archimedian screw at the
expense of the motive energy derived from the waste heat of the burner by the
hot gases, which, in rising, impart motion to the horizontal vane wheel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. Effecting the motion of the herein described suction mixing device, or any
equivalent device that effects a good mixture of air and gas, by mechanical force
derived from the current of the combustion gases of the burner, which current is
made to rotate a vane wheel connected to the said mixing device.
2. The combination with a Bunsen burner of an Archimedian screw or equivalent
propelling device connected to a vane wheel which is rotated by the current of
combustion gases, the said screw or other device being so arranged as to break
up and effectually mix together the currents of gas and air, while its propelling
effect compensates for the loss of pressure due to the mixing action.
Deted this 17th day of Anvil 1895
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for Applicant.