IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING AND . CLEANING GRAIN AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charilaos Notara, of Liverpool,.in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING AND
.
CLEANING GRAIN AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREFOR."
Sealed the 9th June 1874, and dated the 11th March 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by the said Charilaos Notara at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th March 1874.
I, CHARILAOS NOTARA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEPARATING AND CLEANING GRAIN AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES, AND IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR,". to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new method of separating or cleaning
grain or other like substances by passing the grain or other like sub-
stance through a current of water, so that the stones and other heavy
particles contained in the grain or other like substance are separated

page_text: therefrom, and to an apparatus for carrying the before described system
into operation.
An apparatus constructed according to this Invention consists of a
cylindrical vessel or tank fitted with a vertical shaft carrying paddles or
floats, which are rotated by means of a pulley or wheel fitted to the
vertical shaft. Attached to the top of the vessel or tank, and near the
circumference thereof, is a feeding hopper, through which the grain or
other like substance in small particles to be separated or cleaned is fed.
This hopper is by preference arranged with a series of inclined shelves or
rests, so as to prevent the grain or other material clogging or stopping
up the lower or feeding orifice of the hopper, and causing the grain to
flow in a regular stream and without impetus. In the cylindrical vessel
or tank near the bottom thereof and under the feeding orifice of the
hopper is placed a receptacle to receive the heavy matter from the grain
or other substance separated as herein-after described. At the bottom
of the cylindrical vessel or tank and from the centre thereof there is a
discharge spout for carrying away the cleaned and separated grain, or
the comparatively light substances separated, and a similar spout carrics
away the heavier particles from the receptacle under the hopper. The
cylindrical vessel or tank is also provided with a spout or overflow
opening into the vessel near the top thereof to serve as a surface or scum
clearer and to carry away all floating matter.
:
The substances as separated in the apparatus may be carried away by
any suitable system of worms or elevators with perforated buckets.
These elevators or their mechanical equivalents work in watertight
receptacles, which are connected with the tank or vessel and receptacle
under the hopper by suitable inclined spouts, as before stated.
In operation the cylindrical vessel or tank is filled with water, which
is kept constantly running round by the rotation of the paddles on the
vertical shaft. The grain is carried with the current, and discharged at
the bottom of the tank or vessel through the inclined tube, and taken
away by the clevator or mechanical equivalent provided for that purpose.
All heavy matters, such as stones, being of greater density, fall down
into the receptacle immediately under the feeding hopper, and are dis-
charged from thence by a suitable elevator or its mechanical equivalent.
All chaff, husks, or other light floaty particles contained in the grain
rise to the surface of the water in the cylindrical vessel or tank, and are
:
$

page_text: carried away by the surface or skum overflow spout provided for that
purpose. A sufficient extra supply of water is given to the tank or
vessel, so that the overflow may carry away such floaty particles.
•
In cases where mud or sediment accumulates at the bottom of the
receptacles of the clevators or of their mechanical equivalent there may
be provided taps for the continual or periodical running off of such mud
or sediment, a supply of fresh water being provided sufficient to keep
the desired level in the vessel or tank.
'
The vertical shaft carrying the floats may be rotated by any suitable
mechanical appliance, and at any suitable velocity required for effecting
the séparation and cleansing of the grain or other like substances.
י
"י
Each cylindrical vessel or tank may be fitted with one, two, or more
feeding hoppers and corresponding number of receptacles for receiving
the separated heavy particles contained in the grain or in other substance
operated upon, each of which receptacles may be connected to one'
common elevating apparatus, or be provided with separate elevating
apparatus, as may be found convenient.
.
>
0
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charilaos Notara in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARILAOS
NOTARA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
.
· WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the year:
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give '
and grant unto me, the said Charilaos Notara, Her special licence that I,
the said Charilaos Notara, my executors, administrators, and assigns," "or"
such others as I, the said Charilaos Notara, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,'
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and'

page_text: Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING AND CLEANING
GRAIN AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charilaos Notara, my.
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and 5
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the-
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme.
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charilaos Notara, do hereby declare 1
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
}
This Invention relates to a new method of separating or cleaning grain.
or other like substances by passing the grain or other like substance 1
through a current of water, so that the stones and other heavy particles>
contained in the grain or other like substance are separated therefrom,
and to an apparatus for carrying the before described system into
operation.
An apparatus constructed according to this Invention consists of a
cylindrical vessel or' tank fitted with a vertical shaft carrying paddles or
floats, which are rotated by means of a pulley or wheel 'fitted to the
vertical shaft. Attached to the top of the vessel or tank and near the
circumference thereof is a feeding hopper, through which the grain or
other like substance in small particles to be separated or cleaned is fed.
This hopper is by preference arranged with a series of inclined shelves or
rests, so as to prevent the grain or other material clogging or stopping
up the lower or feeding orifice of the hopper, and causing the grain to
flow in a regular stream and without impetus. In the cylindrical vessel
or tank near the bottom thereof and under the feeding orifice of the
hopper is placed a receptacle to receive the heavy matter from the grain
or other substance separated as herein-after described. At the bottom
of the cylindrical vessel or tank and from the centre thereof there is a
discharge spout for carrying away the cleaned and separated grain or the
comparatively light substances separated, and a similar spout carries
away the heavier particles from the receptacle under the hopper. The
cylindrical vessel or tank is also provided with a spout or overflow.
-

page_text: opening into the vessel near the top thereof to serve as a surface or scum
clearer and to carry away all floating matter.
The substances as separated in the apparatus may be carried away by
any suitable system of worms or elevators with perforated buckets.
These elevators or their mechanical equivalents work in watertight
receptacles which are connected with the tank or vessel and receptacle
under the hopper by suitable inclined spouts, as before stated.
In operation the cylindrical vessel or tank is filled with water, which
is kept constantly running round by the rotation of the paddles on the
vertical shaft. The grain is carried partly round with the current and
discharged at the bottom of the tank or vessel through the inclined tube
and taken away by the elevator or mechanical equivalent provided for
that purpose. All heavy matters, such as stones, being of greater-
density fall down into the receptacle immediately under the feeding
hopper and are discharged from thence by a suitable elevator or its
mechanical equivalent. All chaff, husks, or other light floaty particles
contained in the grain rise to the surface of the water in the cylindrical
vessel or tank, and are carried away by the surface or scum overflow
spout provided for that purpose.. A sufficient extra supply of water is
given to the tank or vessel, so that the overflow may carry away such
floaty particles.
In cases where mud or sediment accumulates at the bottom of the
receptacles of the elevators or of their mechanical equivalent there may
be provided taps for the continual or periodical running off of such mud
or sediment, a supply of fresh water being provided sufficient to keep
the desired level in the vessel or tank.
The vertical shaft carrying the floats may be rotated by any suitable.
mechanical appliance, and at any suitable velocity required for effecting
the separation and cleansing of the grain or other like substances.
Each cylindrical vessel or tank may be fitted with one, two, or more
feeding hoppers and corresponding number of receptacles for receiving
the separated heavy particles contained in the grain or in other sub-
stances operated upon, each of which receptacles may be connected to
one common elevating apparatus, or be provided with separate elevating
5. apparatus, as may be found convenient.
The before-going being the nature, object, and purposes of this' my
Invention I will now proceed to describe more in detail how the same

page_text: may be carried out into practical effect, and for that purpose I have
hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings sufficiently illustrative of my
Invention as to enable any practical person to put the same into effect.
Like letters and figures on the various views denote similar parts
throughout the Drawings, which are to the scale of two inches to
the foot.
Figure 4 is a section of cylindrical vessel or tank constructed according
'to my Invention.
Figure 5 is a section of elevator box showing spouts leading to
elevator.
A is a cylindrical vessel or tank fitted with a vertical shaft B, upon
which are mounted paddles or blades C, C¹. The shaft B and paddles C
are rotated by means of a pulley or wheel D. E is a feeding hopper,
which is provided with inclined shelves to open out the grain or other
substance. The feeding hopper E may be a fixture, but I prefer that it
should be made detachcable so that it can be adjusted so as to come over
a receptacle F to receive the heavy matter or matter of greater specific
gravity from the grain or other substance separated as herein-after.
described. At the bottom of the cylindrical vessel A and from the
centre thereof there is a discharge spout G for carrying away the cleaned
and separated grain or the comparatively light substances separated. A :
similar spout H is fitted to the receptacle F for carrying away the
heavier particles which fall into the receptacle. The cylindrical vessel
or tank A is also provided with a spout or overflow I fitted near the top
of the vessel to serve as a surface or scum clearer to carry away floaty -
matter.
The substances as separated in the apparatus may be carried away by
any suitable system of worms or clevators with perforated buckets. I
have shown an clevator L which will practically answer the purpose to
carry away the grain or other substance discharged through the spout G.
The buckets M are perforated and arranged to cover or overlap each 3
other, so that thic grain or other substance which misses one bucket will

page_text: fall into the next, as will be understood. N is an elevator commu-
nicating with the spout H and the receptacle F for carrying away the
heavy particles. The elevators L and N or their mechanical equivalents
work in watertight receptacles O, P, which are connected with the tank
or vessel and the receptacle under the hopper by the inclined spouts G, H,
before mentioned. The bottoms of the elevator receptacles may be fitted
with suitable cocks or doors for emptying or cleaning purposes.
In practice one elevator box with three or more spouts, as shown at
Figure 5, may communicate with three or more cylindrical vessels such
as A, and elevate the materials separated by such vessels. The elevators
can be continued to any suitable point, as will be understood.
In practice the cylindrical vessel A may be fitted with two or more
receptacles F, F, for collecting the heavier particles. There may also
be fitted two or more feeding hoppers E over and corresponding with the
receptacles F, F¹.
>
In operation the cylindrical vessel or tank A is filled with water, as
indicated by the dotted lines R. This water is kept constantly running
round by the rotation of the paddles C. The grain or other matter to be
separated passes through the feeding hopper E, and down the series of
inclined shelves, which prevent the grain or other matter clogging or
stopping up the lower or feeding orifice of the hopper, and causes the
grain to flow in a regular stream and without impetus into the running"
water. The grain is carried with the current and discharged at the
bottom of the tank or vessel A through the inclined tube G, and taken
away by the elevator L or its mechanical equivalent. All heavy matters,
such as stones, being of greater specific gravity fall down into the.
receptacle or receptacles F immediately under the feeding hopper or
hoppers E, and are discharged from the receptacles F by the spout or
spouts Hand the elevator or its mechanical equivalent N. All chaff,
husks, or other like floaty particles contained in the grain rise to the
surface of the water in the cylindrical vessel or tank, and are carried
away by the surface or scum overflow spout I, a sufficient extra supply
of water being fed into the tank or vessel, so that the overflow may carry
away such particles.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature, object, and
purposes of this my Invention, and shown how the same may be carried
out into practical effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine

page_text: myself to any particular dimensions, or form, or arrangement of the
apparatus as shown, nor to the exact relation of the various parts of the
apparatus to each other, as the same may be considerably altered
without departing from my Invention, as will be understood, but what I
claim as my Invention and secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid
is,-
-
Firstly. The improved means and method of separating or cleaning grain
or other like, substances by passing the grain or other like substance
through a current of water, so that stones and other heavy particles are
separated therefrom, substantially in the manner and for the purpose as
described and illustrated in the before-going Specification and Drawings.
Secondly. An apparatus for separating or cleaning grain or other like
substance, consisting of the cylindrical vessel or tank A fitted with
revolving paddles or blades C, C¹, feed hopper or hoppers E, receptaclo
or receptacles F, discharge spouts G, H, and elevators L, N, the whole
substantially in the manner and for the purpose as described, set forth,
and illustrated in the beforegoing Specification and Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charilaos Notara, and hereunto.
I set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
CHARILAOS (L.S.) NOTARA.
FREDERICK JOHN CHEESBROUGH,
of 15, Water Street,
Liverpool.