Year: 1888

page_text: I JOHN ELLIS of Keynsham Sandown Isle of Wight Gentleman do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists of certain improvements in hot air and other engines and
has for its object a novel construction of piston and slide valve combined in one piece
thereby dispensing with the ordinary valve eccentric and other parts known as the
"valve gear."
In order to accomplish this object I make the cylinder of the engine with one inlet
for steam compressed air or other gases near the middle thereof with two outlets for
exhaust the exhaust ports being situate on each side and at some distance from the
inlet. I also make the piston of any desired length with peculiarly formed channels
cut or cast in its periphery the channels being so formed and arranged with regard
to the ports that steam or compressed air passing through the inlet will be conducted
alternately to each end of the piston thus producing by its initial and expansive
force a reciprocating motion to the piston without the aid of a separate slide valve
and its adjuncts.
The channels in piston are also so formed as to permit of the steam or air escaping
by the exhaust ports at each stroke of the piston.
DL: 10th
Ր .
1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I JOHN ELLIS of Keynsham Sandown Isle of Wight Dental Surgeon do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention consists of certain improvements in steam and other motive power
engines and has for its object a novel construction of piston and slide valve combined.
in one piece thereby dispensing with the ordinary valve eccentric and other parts
known as the "valve gear."
In order to accomplish this object I make the cylinder of the engine with one inlet
for steam compressed air or other gases or elastic fluids near the middle thereof with
one or two outlets for exhaust the exhaust ports being situate when two are used on
each side and at some distance from the inlet I also make the piston of any desired
length with a cavity into which a fixed stud in the cylinder enters and peculiarly
formed channels cut or cast in its periphery the channels being so formed and
arranged with regard to the ports that steam or compressed air or other gases or
elastic fluids passing through the inlet will be conducted alternately to each end of
the piston thus producing by its initial and expansive force a reciprocating motion
to the piston without the aid of a separate slide valve and its adjuncts.
The channels in piston are also so formed as to permit of the steam etcetera
escaping by the exhaust ports at each stroke of the piston.
And in order that my present invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into practice I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings which show the construction and action of a
steam engine (for the sake of example) having my improvements applied thereto.
Figure 1 represents the side elevation of an engine cylinder and portion of piston
rod which may be attached in the usual manner by a cross head and connecting rod
to the crank pin of a fly wheel shaft for producing rotary motion as is well under-
stood. The said piston rod may also be directly connected to the plunger of a pump
or the spindle of a rock drill (neither of which form any part of my invention which
has for its object the peculiar construction of a piston working in a cylinder) or it
may be adapted to any other purpose to which it is applicable for instance it may be
adapted as an engine employed for dental purposes in place of what is known as a
"Mallet."
In the accompanying drawing A A Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the
cylinder. Figure 2 an end elevation with one of the covers removed. Figure 3 a
longitudinal section with piston and piston rod in elevation. Figure 4 is a plan of
the engine. Figure 5 a plan of the piston. Figure 6 an end elevation of piston.
Figure 7 a transverse section taken through the line bc of Figure 5. Figure 8 a
plan of the underside of piston shewing the steam ports or ducts for the inlet of
In all the Figures similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
steam.

page_text: A A is the cylinder provided with covers and a stuffing box at each end. B B is
the piston rod of any convenient length depending on the purpose to which it is to
be employed. C a grease cock screwed in the opening for lubricating the
piston. D D are the exhaust ports for the escape of steam from the cylinder and E
the pipe for admission of steam to the cylinder. I will now proceed to describe the piston
which consists of a cylindrical block F F. On the upper side of the piston there
is a cavity of an elliptical or other suitable form marked in all the figures. 9 g₁ are
channels formed in the piston for the escape of steam from the cylinder and h h¹ are
passages or ducts for the admission of steam to the cylinder. The piston is attached
to the piston rod by means of a fixed collar on the rod and washer bolted in the
recess F in such manner as to allow the piston to rotate freely on the piston rod. ii
is a stud (advantageously of steel) screwed through the side of cylinder the lower
end entering the elliptical or other suitably formed cavity f.
This cavity may have a wedge or other piece in the middle thereof so that the
pin travels in a channel or groove the same width all round formed thereby.
And in the case of large engines a roller or rollers may advantageously be
arranged and mounted on the fixed pin or stud i so as to reduce its friction as far as
possible in its bearing against the sides of the cavity f.
The action of the engine is as follows:-
Assuming steam or other elastic fluid under pressure to be entering the cylinder by
pipe E as indicated by the arrows (see Figure 3) its pressure would force the piston F
in the direction of the arrow 2 the opposite side of the piston being open to exhaust
by the passage g as indicated by the arrow 3 see Figure 3. It will also be seen on
referring to Figures 2 and 5 that the piston in its motion from one end of the
cylinder to the other will rotate on the piston rod by reason of the stud i acting on
the curved side of the recess the rotary motion of the piston being in the direction
of the arrow 4 will by the time it has finished its stroke bring the exhaust passage gl
opposite D¹ and the steam port / opposite the steam pipe E and the return stroke will
be made in a similar manner as hereinbefore described.
It will be obvious that this motor may be applied in numerous different ways and
to many different purposes in fact I would have it clearly understood I do not
limit myself whatever in the application and adaptation to all purposes for which it
is suitable.
My improved motor can be made single acting only if desired.
I would remark that so-called valveless steam and other fluid pressure reciprocating
engines have previously been constructed so as to work without any of the "valve
gear
generally used but such notors have been arranged to act in a very different
manner and by very different means to that of the combined piston and slide valve
according to my present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertaind the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a steam gas or other elastic fluid pressure engine I claim a piston acting
also as the slide valve by means of a fixed stud or pin on the inside of the cylinder
acting on the sides of a cavity or channel in the piston block causing the piston to
partially rotate as it travels backwards and forwards in the cylinder substantially as
herein before set forth.
2. The improved method of supplying and cutting off steam hot air or other gases
or elastic fluids to motor cylinders by means of the piston thereof having ducts
therein which are brought opposite the inlet and exhaust ports respectively by the
partial rotation of the piston as it travels backwards and forwards which rotary
motion is caused by a fixed pin or stud on the inside of the cylinder bearing against
the sides of a cavity or channel (of an elliptical or other form) in the piston block
unparallel to the axial line of the piston so as to give the desired partial rotary
motion thereto substantially as herein before set forth.
3. In steam hot air or other gas or elastic fluid pressure engines I claim a piston

page_text: such as F having inlet ducts or passages such as hh' exhaust passages such
as g g and a cavity or recess such as acting in conjunction with the fixed pin
or stud i arranged and constructed substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein before described and represented in the drawings hereunto annexed.
4. I claim the fixed pin or stud i acting in an elliptical or other suitably shaped
cavity (or channel) in the piston block so as to cause the partial rotation of
the said piston as it travels backwards and forwards substantially in the manner
and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings annexed.
5. I claim the improved arrangement and construction of steam and other motive
power engines acting substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings annexed.
Dated this 01st Jar of Danmhan 1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.