Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
1, WILLIAM MUSGRAVE of the firm of John Musgrave and Sons Limited, of.
Globe Iron Works, Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, Millwrights,
and Ironfounders, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators and has for its
object that of increasing the circulation of water in cross or coned tubes of boilers
employed for generating steam, by which the stagnant or quiescent water is forced
from the coldest part of the boiler, i.e., below the flue or flues, through the cross or
coned tubes to the heated water above the same, by which a more equable
temperature throughout the boiler is effected, the evaporative power increased, and
incrustation reduced to a minimum.
These improvements I effect by attaching to the cross or coned tubes-whether
placed vertically, diagonally, or horizontally-suitable pipes and troughs according
to the construction of boiler, or, by providing the cross or coned tubes with internal
cones with or without circulating pipes. The circulating pipes or troughs are
attached to the lower ends of the cross or coned tubes; and the outer ends of the
former are constructed so as to terminate in those portions of the boiler where the
water is stagnated or in a quiescent state, thus causing currents of water to be
effected that will tend to equalize the temperature in all parts of the water space of
a boiler, thereby producing circulation which will increase the evaporative power
of the boiler. The cross or coned tubes can be provided with " baffle or deflector
plates to prevent the water passing through the same mixing with the steam above
the water level.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a "Lancashire" boiler
with my improvements applied.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section through. line A'B' in Fig. 1 showing pipes
connecting the cross or coned tubes to angular pipes or troughs.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section of a "Lancashire" boiler showing pipes connecting
the cross or coned tubes to a central or other pipe.
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Fig. 4 is a transverse section of my invention applied to a Galloway "boiler.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section of a three-flued" "Lancashire" boiler with. my
invention applied.
Fig. 6 is a transverse section showing my invention applied to a "Cornish '
one-flued boiler.
"
"
or
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a " Marine boiler with my
invention applied.
Fig 8 is a transverse section through line C' D' in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9, Sheet 2, is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a "Lancashire". boiler
showing another modification of my invention.
.
Figs. 10 and 11 are transverse sections through lines G'H' and I¹K. respectively
n Fig 9.
Fig. 12 is a transverse section of a "Lancashire" boiler, showing my invention
wherein the cross or coned tubes are provided internally with cones.
Fig. 13 is a sectional.elevation of a vertical boiler with my invention applied to
ross tubes, and
Fig. 14 is a sectional plan through line M¹ N¹ in Fig. 13.
In all the figures the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts

page_text: A is the boiler shell; B the internal flue or flues, and C the cross or coned tubes.
To the lower ends of the cross or coned tubes C I attach the pipes D by means of
the bolts E and crossbars G or other equivalents, such as rivets or bolts. The
bolts E pass through the cross or coned tubes C and the pipes D as shown, being
locked in position by the nuts H. The said bolts E can be extended above the
cross-bars G to carry the "baffle or deflector plates I, which are provided for
the purpose of preventing the water passing through the cross or coned tubes C
rushing into and mixing with the steam above the water level. The circulating
pipes Ď attached to the lower ends of the cross or coned tubes C can be conveyed
singly along the bottom of the boiler below the flue or flues B, or connected to one
or more circular, oblong, or other pipes or troughs J. The latter can be conducted
in any suitable direction for the purpose of creating a current where the water is
stagnated or in a quiescent state, and can be carried or supported in any convenient
manner. If desired each cross or coned tube C can be provided with a circulating
pipe K which dips towards the bottom of the boiler as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.
The circular, oblong, or other pipes or troughs J can be open at their outer ends,
or closed thereat and provided with openings or slots L along their longitudinal
surface, to cause a more thorough circulation to be effected, and a more equable
temperature throughout the entire length of a boiler. In applying my invention to
the cross tubes of vertical boilers the circulating pipes D descend into the water
space between the outside of the fire-box and the internal shell of the boiler to a
point near the bottom of same, by which the water is thoroughly circulated and
incrustation reduced to a minimum. In another modification of my invention,
shown in Fig. 12, I provide the cross or coned tubes C with the inverted internal
cones M, held in position by the flanges N provided with distance pieces to leave a
passage for water between the underside of same and the upper flanges of the cross
or coned tubes C. The flanges N operate as " baffle or deflector plates and
prevents the rush of water passing through the contracted passage being thrown
into the steam space above the water level. The bottom ends of the internal
cones M are open to allow of the bolts E and water passing through the same.
The internal cones M can be employed in connection with the pipes D, K, and J,
or otherwise. In the latter case the internal cones M can be provided with solid
bottoms, and project to the end of each cross or coned tube C, or beyond the same
if desired or necessary. To allow of each inverted internal cone M emptying itself
of water when the boiler is emptied a small outlet or passage is provided at the
apex or end of same.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a steam boiler with an internal flue, flues, fire-box, or fire-boxes the
combination with a cross or coned tube of the circulating pipes and troughs,
substantially as described.
or
2. In a steam boiler with an internal flue, flues, fire-box, or fire-boxes the
combination with a cross or coned tube of the circulating pipes and "baffle"
deflector plates for the purpose specified, substantially as described.
#
3. In a steam boiler with an internal flue, flues, fire-box, or fire-boxes the
combination with a cross or coned tube of the internal cone M with either-open or
closed end, substantially as described.
4. The respective combinations, constructions, and arrangements of circulating
pipes and their adjuncts forming my improvements in steam generators, substantially
as described and as illustrated in the annexed drawings.
Dated the 13th October 1891.
EDMUND CHADWICK, C.P.A.,
Agent.