AN IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR
Year: 1885

page_text: I WILLIAM LEWIS BAKER of 8 Danes Inn Strand (London) in the County of
Middlesex Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
AN IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR to be as follows :-
:-
The Refrigerator which is intended chiefly for domestic use and has for its object
the cooling or keeping cool food and other articles consists principally of a hollow
vessel or cover hereinafter termed a "cooler" having the special characteristics
hereinafter enumerated or some of them. The cooler may be used apart from or
together with a specially formed base stand or dish hereinafter termed a stand.
The cooler will have double walls or thicknesses at the sides (or at the sides and
elsewhere) the outer wall or thickness being of porous material such as porous
or unglazed earthenware and the space between the walls is intended to be
occupied by water or any convenient liquid or solid or both which by evaporation
or chemical action will produce the desired result. The form may vary but perhaps
the simplest would be that of a hollow cylinder, with upper end closed, standing
on the bottom or open end (or edge). The stand which may be of earthen ware
or glass is to have a well or channel round the slab or surface on which the article
to be cooled is to be placed, and the bottom edge of the cooler is intended to rest in
the channel which will thus receive any surplus water or liquid draining from the
cooler and not evaporated.

page_text: I WILLIAM LEWIS BAKER of 8 Danes Inn (Strand) London in the County of
Middlesex Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
:
The Refrigerator which is intended chiefly for domestic use and has for its object
the cooling or keeping cool food and other articles consists principally of a hollow
vessel or cover hereinafter termed a "cooler" having the special characteristics
hereinafter enumerated or some of them. The Cooler may be used apart from or
together with a specially formed base stand or dish hereinafter termed a "stand."
The cooler will have double walls or thicknesses at the sides (or at the sides and
elsewhere) the outer wall or thickness being of porous material such as porous
or unglazed earthenware and the space between the walls is intended to be
occupied by water or any convenient liquid or solid or both which by evaporation
or chemical action will produce the desired result. The form may vary but perhaps
the simplest would be that of a hollow cylinder with upper end closed standing
on the bottom or open end (or edge). The stand which may be of earthenware or
glass is to have a well or channel round the slab or surface on which the article to
be cooled is to be placed and the bottom edge of the cooler is intended to rest
in the channel which will thus receive any surplus water or liquid draining from
the cooler and not evaporated.
The accompanying Drawing supplies some illustrations of the Invention. Fig. 1
is a vertical section of the cooler and stand. Fig. 2 a plan of the cooler partly
A and a are the double walls or
in section. Fig. 3. a plan view of the stand.
thicknesses with water space between them, these being cylindrical in general form
and made in one or joined together at the bottom edge and thus closed to retain
the water. b is the top of the cooler closing one end of the cylindrical void or
space within the inner wall a and joined to or made in one with tho said wall,
The water is intended to flow over the top b as indicated by the water line wl in
figure 1 and other figures. The bottom of the cooler within the wall a is open.
bx is a knob or handle for lifting the cooler off the stand. A ring or other handle
c is the stand, c* its well channel or
may be substituted for this knob if desired.
groove for receiving the bottom edge of the cooler, and c³ is a projecting circular
rib or rest thereon for supporting the objects or articles to be cooled.
If desired the walls A and a of the cooler may be strengthened or united by
vertical diaphragms ribs or strips & between them extending from top to bottom at
suitable intervals as shown in the vertical section and top plan views figures 4
and 5 respectively. Any convenient number may be used dividing the water space
into a similar or corresponding number of compartments. Fig. 6. is an enlarged
vertical section of a portion of the walls taken at Z figure 5 through the rib, the
section figure 4 being taken at Y Z on one side through the water space, and on the
other side through the rib. The said figures 4, 5, and 6 also shew holes through
the ribs 8 connecting the walls, also through the knob bx, and also through the

page_text: stand c these holes being for ventilation if considered desirable otherwise they
may be omitted.
Fig. 7. is partly a vertical section and partly an elevation of a cooler and stand
in accordance with the Invention with double walls to the cooler but the outer
wall instead of being continuous from top to bottom as in figures 1 and 4 is formed
by separate inclined bands A A (any convenient number may be employed)
arranged in series one below the other at differing levels each outer wall or band A
being at its bottom edge separately joined up or made into one with the inner
wall a and thus a series of separate water chambers or spaces is formed between
the walls A and a the top edge of each being arranged to overlap the bottom of
the water chamber or space immediately above it. Fig. 8. is a plan view of this
cooler and Fig. 9. a plan view of its stand. This cooler also may have its several
water spaces divided by any convenient number of vertical diaphragms or ribs
uniting the walls A and a or may be made without such ribs, but when ribs are
used any convenient number of ventilating holes may be made through them as
described for figures 4, 5, and 6 or such holes may be omitted. Fig. 10 is an
enlarged vertical section of a portion of the walls in figure 7 taken through one of
the ribs and shewing some of the ventilating holes. Fig. 11. is an enlarged vertical
section of aortion of the walls in figure 1 shewing ventilating holes through the
closed or united portion of the walls A and a near their bottom.
And here I would remark that I make the coolers of any suitable description of
clay and sometimes I glaze the inner surface of the inner walls a and the inner
or under surface of the top b, the baking or burning of the clay and the glazing
being effected in the ordinary manner. Also I would remark that the stands
above described and represented in the drawings to be used with the improved
coolers may be so used or may be dispensed with if deemed unnecessary or when
circumstances render their use inconvenient.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The constructing refrigerators or coolers with two walls or a double thickness
at their sides and providing water space or spaces closed at bottom between the
two thicknesses or walls, the outer wall or both the outer and inner walls being of
earthenware terra-cotta or porous material the top end or top of the refrigerator
or cooler being closed and the bottom end or bottom thereof open substantially
as herein described and represented in the drawing which also shews stands to be
used with the refrigerators proper or as part thereof or which need not be so used
if deemed unnecessary or inconvenient.
Dated this 91st day of D
1007
DAVID J. MCLAUCHLAN,
29, Union Grove, London, S.W.,
(Patent Agent).