IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND COOKING BY GASEOUS, LIQUID, OR SOLID FUEL, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles. Richard Stevens, of Lewisham, in the County of
Kent, Mechanical Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR HEATING AND COOKING BY GASEOUS, LIQUID, OR SOLID FUEL, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Richard Stevens at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th April 1881.
CHARLES RICHARD STEVENS, of Lewisham, in the County of Kent, Mechanical
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND COOKING BY
GASEOUS, LIQUID, OR SOLID FUEL, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE
FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
The first part of my improvements relates to apparatus for supplying hot water
to baths, basins, or for other purposes. The apparatus consists of a stand supporting
the tank and enclosing the circulating boiler and burner. The boiler is constructed
as follows:-Two tubes are connected at top and bottom and leave space for the
water to flow between them, outlets being provided at the top side of the outer
tube which is connected with a larger double tube closed at the bottom and having
a double cap at the top which allows the water to flow freely through the boiler.
The supply pipe is connected with the side of the boiler at the bottom of the
saine. The outlet pipe is fixed to the top of the boiler, and both pipes enter the
tank.
A casing is slipped over the boiler, thereby forming a flue for the latter,
and having an outlet for the products of combustion; the burner is so constructed
that the whole of the gas and air mixture necessary for combustion passes
through it.
The burner is fitted under the boiler and constructed with a casing and tubes
having a gas and air supply underneath. When the burner is turned underneath
the boiler the gases of combustion pass straight up the centre flue, return down the
outer flue, from which they escape to the flow pipe; therefore by lighting the
burner the water is heated and ascends up the flow pipe into the tank above, from

page_text: where it descends through the return pipe till the whole of the water is heated to
the desired degree. The tank can either be closed or open, and is provided with a
cold water supply. It may have a jacket of felt or other non-conducting material.
The draw-off pipe can be led to any desired place where the hot water is required.
The boiler can be heated by any other suitable fuel besides gas, and can be used
for heating circulating pipes, and for warming buildings of every description; the
burner can also be used for heating any other apparatus.
The whole apparatus may be fitted in a casing provided with a door.
The second part of my Invention relates to stoves and furnaces heated by gas,
coal, or any other fuel, and consists in placing a boiler partly filled with water or
spirit over, or at the side, or at any other convenient place of the same furnace or
stove, or of a separate furnace or stove, which when heated will generate steam if
the boiler is partly filled with water, or gases if the boiler is partly filled with
spirit; the outlet being placed as will be found most convenient to the furnace or
stove for the purpose of creating a blast.
This apparatus is specially suitable for smelting furnaces, because, by passing
part of the gases of combustion which escape from the furnace through the boiler
the waste heat is utilized for heating the boiler, but it can also be used for drying
steam or for heating the air which entertains the combustion.
The third part of iny Invention relates to gas regulators specially intended to be
used with my gas heating apparatus, but also applicable for other purposes, and it
consists in using a slide valve working on the face of the opening and regulated
either by a cup dipping in mercury or a number of metal diaphragms placed in a
row and connected at the edges and having a hole in the centre so as to forin
a metal bellows which will expand and operate the valve according to the pressure
of the gas.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to tanks for circulating water heaters
or for any other purpose. The bottom and sides are held together by a slitted
tube or channel iron.
The edges of the plates are set to fit in the slitted tube or channel iron, after
which a piece of round rod is driven in from the end so as to hold the pieces
together, the corners being fastened by a three cornered nut.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Richard Stevens in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th October 1881.
CHARLES RICHARD STEVENS, of Lewisham, in the County of Kent, Mechanical
Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND COOKING BY
GASEOUS, LIQUID, OR SOLID FUEL, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE
FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
The first part of my improvements relates to apparatus for supplying hot water
to baths, basins, or for other purposes. The apparatus consists of a stand supporting
the tank and enclosing the circulating boiler and burner. The boiler is constructed
as follows: Two tubes are connected at top and bottom and leave space for the
water to flow between then, outlets being provided at the top side of the outer
tube which is connected with a larger double tube closed at the bottom and having
a double cap at the top which allows the water to flow freely through the boiler.
The supply pipe is connected with the side of the boiler at the bottom of the
same. The outlet pipe is fixed to the top of the boiler, and both pipes enter the
tank.
A casing is slipped over the boiler, thereby forming a flue for the latter, and
having an outlet for the products of combustion. The burner is so constructed
that the whole of the gas and air mixture necessary for combustion passes
through it.
-
The burner is fitted under the boiler and constructed with a casing and tubes
having a gas and air supply underneath. When the burner is turned underneath
the boiler, the gases of combustion pass straight up the centre flue, return down
the outer flue, from which they escape to the flue pipe; therefore by lighting the
burner the water is heated and ascends up the flow pipe into the tank above, from
where it descends through the return pipe till the whole of the water is heated to
the desired degree.
.
The tank can either be closed or open, and is provided with a cold water supply.
It may have a jacket of felt or other non-conducting material. The draw-off pipe
can be led to any desired place where the hot water is required. The boiler can be
heated by any other suitable fuel besides gas, and can be used for heating
circulating pipes, and for warming buildings of every description; the burner can
also be used for heating any other apparatus.
The whole apparatus may be fitted in a casing provided with a door.
The second part of my Invention relates to stoves and furnaces heated by gas,
coal, or any other fuel, and consists in placing a boiler partly filled with water or
spirit over or at the side or at any other convenient place of the same furnace or
stove, or of a separate furnace or stove which when heated will generate steam, if
the boiler is partly filled with water, or gases, if the boiler is partly filled with
spirit, the outlet being placed as will be found most convenient to the furnace or
stove for the purpose of creating a blast.
This apparatus is specially suitable for smelting. furnaces, because by passing
part of the gases of combustion which escape from the furnace through the boiler,
the waste heat is utilized for heating the boiler, but it can also be used for drying
steam, or for heating the air which entertains the combustion.
The third part of my Invention relates to gas regulators specially intended to be
used with my gas heating apparatus, but also applicable for other purposes, and it
consists in using a slide valve working on the face of the opening, and regulated
either by a cup dipping in mercury or a number of metal diaphragms placed in a
row and connected at the edges, and having a hole in the centre so as to form
à metal bellows which will expand and operate the valve according to the pressure
of the gas.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to tanks for circulating water heaters, or
for any other purpose. The bottom and sides are held together by a slitted tube

page_text: or channel iron. The edges of the plates are set to fit in the slitted tube or
channel iron, after which a piece of round rod is driven in from the end so as to
hold the pieces together, the corners being fastened by a three cornered nut.
The accompanying Drawings will serve to illustrate a convenient mode of
performing the improvements. I, however, reserve the right to vary the mere
details.
Figure 1 shows a perspective view; Figure 2, a sectional elevation of my
circulating water heater for supplying hot water to baths and such like. The inain
features consist of a tank A, iron due casing B with boiler inside J, burner C,
framed stand or support D; E, outlet pipe; F, water connection; G, gas connection.
Water passes from the tank through tubes H into boiler J. and returns heated by
pipe K into tank, and a constant circulation is kept up. The water is supplied to
tank by the ball valve which is fixed above the tank, and a spreader fitted so that
the cold water supply is distributed.
Figure 3 shows a detailed sectional plan of a mode of joining the tank plates,
which may be used for tanks or boilers generally. A is an outer split metal tube;
B are curved ends of plates butting as shown; C is a metal rod. The plates are
lapped round the rod, and are held in their places by the split tube as shown; the
rod and tubes may be square or round as shown, or other convenient form.
Figure 4 is a spanner for use with my combined circulating heating apparatus,
and may be used for cocks generally. A is the aperture; B, ratchet; C is pawl;
the spanner D will only turn the cock in one direction, and so prevent unequal
wear of cock.
Figure 5 shows in section a mode of producing hot blast. A is a furnace;
B, boiler; C, flue; D, D¹, injectors; E, blast pipe; F, cold air inlet; G, boiler
furnace. The action is as follows:-Steam is generated in G, whence it passes by
the injectors D, D¹, air being admitted by pipe F and allowed to mingle with the
steam, at the same time the furnace A being in operation hot gasses therefrom pass
by flue C, and being drawn in by the action of the steam injector D mingle with
the steam therefrom, and are carried with the mingled outer air and steam by
injector D¹ to the blast pipe E, and so to the furnace A; H are valves. Though
the Drawing shows a blast furnace, the same improvements may be readily adapted
to other furnaces.
Figure 6 shows a sectional elevation of a mode of warming by combined hot air
and steam. A is the heater; B, burner; C, evaporating pan; D, a hot air inlet;
E, water supply; F, stand; G, pneumatic fountain; H, pipes having an oblong
section; J are communicating or distributing pipes for equalizing the flow. In
combination with the above I use a casing K with pipes L, L, for obtaining an
equalization of pressure, ventilation, and stopping back draught in escape outlet M;
steam is generated in the pan C, air passes by inlet D, mingles with the steam, and
the steain and air so mingle pass through the pipes H which are externally heated,
the pipes being sloped in such manner that the water from condensed steam returns
to the evaporating pan C; the pan C is supplied with water from fountain G, the
outlet froin which is regulated to furnish the required supply. Figure 7 shows
another mode of warming by combined hot air and steam.. A are spaces; B, pipes;
C, furnace; D, hot air inlet; E, doors for cleaning pipes; F, removable front to hot
air chamber; G, supply pipe to evaporating pan L, which is supplied by tank H;
J, cold air inlet; K, floor grating, being hot air outlet; M, flue pipe; N, section on
an enlarged scale of pipe B; N1, section with diaphragm, one side for flow and the
other return. The action is the same as described for Figure 6. Figure 8 shows
the mode of applying a steam and hot air coil fitted in on to a fire place of ordinary
description and heated by gas, and so arranged as to show a cheerful appearance
in a room by showing an apparently open fire; the screen may be of any orna-
mental description. Figure 9 shows perspective view of coil with burner, stand,
and fountain, and which may have an ornamental casing, as shown in Figure 10,
and heated by a boiler, as in Figure 11. Figure 12 shows the combination of
supply fountain and bronchitis kettle with shallow pan, the evaporating pan

page_text: being shallow and holding but a thin sheet of water, steam is quickly generated
and maintained. A is the pan; B, the stand; C, fountain; D, water supply.
Figures 13 and 14 show respectively a cross section and plan of gas oven.
A, gas supply; B, oven; C, boiler; D, burner; E, hot air pipes; F, stove burner;
G, hot air outlets on top. Steam being generated in boiler C by the burner D, air
passes round and by the stove gas burner F, and through an injector arrangement J,
and so a hot blast is injected into the pipes E, and thereby heats the oven, and
then pass by the orifices G, over which saucepans, &c., can be placed. I may also
obtain a blast by other well known modes.
Figures 15 and 16 are plan and section of a novel arrangement of gas cooking
stove for cooking on both sides simultaneously.
Figures 17, 18, and 19 are plan, section, and detail of a regulator. A is a
metal diaphragm bellows; B, guide rods; C, valve; D, frame. Gas or steam
passing by an inlet E exerts pressure upon the diaphragms A, and causes them to
expand and thus raise valve C and closes the aperture F.
Figures 20 and 21 show an improved open fire place or stove combined with hot
air chamber with a top feed. A is the fuel; B, front bars; C, ash pan; D, feed
door; E, hollow chamber for hot air or boiler; F is a damper; G, rod to damper;
fire being kindled and air admitted, it is warmed and circulated, allowed to pass
into room by openings H, thus forming a combined open and close stove.
Figure 22 is a perspective view of an improved hot water boiler made in or
of sections. A are metal chambers; B, frame; C, stay bolts. Boilers so con-
structed can be easily taken to pieces and repaired in detail. The construction
is as follows:-Plates of convenient size d are fashioned with grooved edges to
hold and receive other plates; these may be of any number, and are built up to
form chambers and passages; strong stay bolts are then used, passing through
L
1
1
CHARLES RICHARD STEVENS. (L.S.)