AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TWISTING AND LAYING COTTON, SILK, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1814

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN BUXTON,
of Great Pearle Street, Spitalfields, in the County of Middlesex, Cotton
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day of June,
in the fifty-fourth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said John
Buxton, my exors, aditiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said John Buxton, my exors, adiñors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years therein
mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
TWISTING AND LAYING COTTON, SILK, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, that if I, the said John
Buxton, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in
His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
shall utterly cease, determine and become void, as in and by the same (relation
being thereunto had will more fully and at large appear).
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Buxton, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in manner following (that is to say):-
I do construct, practice, and make use of the machinery hereunto annexed
and exhibited in four several Drawings or designs of the nature of ortho-
graphic views or sections, in part shaded up or relieved, and explained in
this present Writing by figures of reference (that is to say), by Fig. 1, and
Fig. 2, and Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, to distinguish the said Drawings or Designs,
and by other numeral characters or figures annexed to the several parts, in and
amongst which the same character or figure is constantly, and in each of the
said several Drawings or Designs, appropriated to denote the same part or
thing. And the Drawing or Design Fig. 1 represents by a side view the
principal parts and structure of machinery for laying twine or the like
with ordinary or common speed; and Fig. 2 represents the same by a
front view; and Fig. 3 represents the same by a view downwards, in the
manner of a ground plan. 1, 1, is a strap or other communication from
the first mover which drives the plain wheel barrel or pulley 2, and causes
the first arbor 9, 10, to revolve.
3 is a
pulley which, when turned, does
not cause the first arbor, upon which it has a round fitting, to revolve, it
serves to receive the strap when thrown out of gear; it is a forked piece
which embraces the strap, and throws the same out of gear when shifted
by the handle 5. 7 is a contrate bevel wheel upon the first arbor which
drives the pinion 8, and gives motion to the upright driving shaft 8, 21;
9, 10, is the first arbor; 11 is a pinion upon the opposite part of the first
arbor, which, by the wheelwork 12, 13, 14, produces a slower motion in the
second arbor 17, 18, than that of the first arbor; 17, 18, is the second arbor
having the wheel 14 thereon, and also the wheel or pulley 15, 16, herein-after
more particularly noticed; 8, 21, upright shaft having thereon 19, the pulley
which drives 42, 41, and the receiving bobbin 40, and also thereon 20 the
pulley which drives the pulley 43 upon the laying shaft 56, 58; 44, 44, is a
motionless piece or pulley upon and round which the cage or frame 56, 61, 61,
revolves, and carries two, three, or more twisting spindles, (45, 46, 47, and
parts concentric therewith respectively), which spindles are connected by
band, or gut, or wheelwork, or other well known means with the dead pulley,
so as to produce a twist or torsion in the yarn contrary to that which the lay
would produce, and sufficient in quantity or effect to form a good close twine,
such as the nature of the demand may require. 47 is the pulley of one of the
spindles (the other spindles being similar to it); and 61 is the cage carried
round, and giving the laid twine through the hole or twine nipper 58 with
the usual torsion contrary to that of 47; 48 is the bottom of the bobbin

page_text: holder; 49 is the side, and 50 the bobbin containing yarn, which is drawn
through 58, the bobbin nippers kept more or less firmly against each other by
the screw bolt 51, 52; 54, 55, is the yarn which with the other yarns 56, 57,
laid into twine by the revolutions of the cage, and is drawn through the twine
nippers 58 by several turns on the barrel 16, and is thence conducted either
between the rollers 24, 25, to a basket or receptacle, or otherwise the same is
thence conducted by 36, 37, to the receiving bobbin 40; and in this last case
the rolers 24, 25, are not used or applied; 22 is a gut or string by which 16
drives 25; 36, 87, is a bar or piece for distributing the twine uniformly upon
the bobbin 40, and the said bar is connected at the lower end thereof, 36, by
strap, or otherwise, with the wheel 39, which, by a back-and-forward motion,
causes the piece 36, 37, to rise and fall, and, consequently, allows the twine
at 37 to be wound successively upon different parts of the bobbin. 40; and the
said back-and-forward motion is produced as follows:-26, Fig. 3, is a pulley.
driven by the first mover or otherwise, and gives slow motion by an endless
screw 27 to the wheel 28, and its shaft 29, which is shewn as broken in
Figures 1 and 2 (to avoid confusing the Drawings), and the lower part carries
a pinion 30, and its pivot 31 rests in a piece which is horizontally moveable
by pivots, of which 32 is one, or by joint or other well known means; and
by means of this last-mentioned motion the pinion 30 may be made to lock
into either the one or the other of the contrate wheels 35, 35, as shewn by
the dotted lines in Fig. 2, and it is accordingly caused so to lock by means
of a protuberant ring 33, which lodges in a cap or notch in the lower
part of 31, and keeps the pinion in one of the wheels 35 during one turn, or
nearly so, and at that period a spring piece 34 bears against 31, and pushes it
through a notch in 33, and thereby causes the pinion to lock into the opposite
wheel a produce a back turn, at the end of which time the first position of
the parts is restored by another similar spring piece, and the direct turn is
again repeated. And whereas the wheel 39 is fixed upon the same arbor
as the two contrate wheels 35, 35, it necessarily follows that the piece 36, 37,
much be alternately and uniformly moved up and down as aforesaid. 61, as
seen in various parts of the said Drawing, denote parts of the framing;
Fig. 4 represents by a side view the principal parts and structure of machinery
for laying twine or the like with speed greater than ordinary; 62 is the part
to which the first mover is to be applied. The wheel 63 drives 66 and 67,
which are on the same arbor 64, 65, and these last drive the yarn spindles
70, 71, 72, which deliver the twine through the twine nipper 7ŏ. And more-
over the wheel 63 drives 77, which carries the wheel 78, taking in the dead
wheel 76, and also driving 80 and 81 by the pinion 79, so as to lead off the

page_text: twine which is laid by the rotation 77, and to deliver it through 83 upon the
bobbin 84, 85. And, moreover, the pinion 87 drives the wheel 88, which, by
means of 89 and the gut 90, drives the pulley 91 upon the same arbor with
the heart or eccentric piece 94. 99, 100, is a bar suspended by a cord at 96
which passes over a pulley and is attached thereto, and upon the arbor of the
said pulley are two other pullies 93, 92, to which the stage 97, 98, is affixed,
and rises and falls by a motion contrary to any motion which may be given
to 99, 100; and 95 is a pin or piece proceeding from the bar 99, 100, which,
being acted upon by the heart piece 94, allows the said bar to rise and fall.
101, 102, is a piece moveable upon the stage at 101, and serving to connect
the bobbin therewith between 85 and 86, or allow the same to be taken out
as accasion may require, and in consequence thereof the said bobbin, so
long as the machinery is in motion, rises and falls, and receives the twine
by a regular distribution from 83.
And, lastly, I, the said John Buxton, do hereby declare that my said
machinery may be multiplied by connecting various setts or parts together,
and may be driven by wind, water, or the strength of men or animals, or by
any other customary first mover, and that the parts may, as choice or con-
venience may require, be varied by the use of bands, straps, guts, chains, or
other flexible materials, or of tooth and pinion, or screws, or otherwise, as has
been commonly done in the structure of machinery, and is well known to
competent workmen in works of this or the like nature.or description.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Buxton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Second day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fourteen.