IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING COTTON AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Cardwell, of Manchester, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING COTTON AND OTHER
ARTICLES."
Sealed the 12th January 1858, and dated the 22nd October 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Cardwell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
October 1857.
I, THOMAS CARDWELL, of Manchester, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING COTTON AND OTHER
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for com-
pressing cotton and other articles, and consists in combining a press, such as
is described in a Patent granted to me on the 15th December 1842, or any
modification thereof, or any press consisting of an arrangement of levers with
a donkey engine. The donkey engine is mounted on the frame of the press,
so that where a number of cotton presses are employed each press is worked
by a separate engine supplied with steam from one or more common boilers,
instead of being worked by shafting driven by one large engine, as heretofore.
15 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Cardwell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th April 1858.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Cardwell, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Cardwell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Thomas Cardwell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING COTTON AND OTHER ARTICLES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Cardwell, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Cardwell, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:―
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for com-
pressing cotton and other articles, and consists in combining a press, such as
is described in a Patent granted to me on the 15th of December 1842, or any
modification thereof, or any press consisting of an arrangement of levers with
a donkey engine. The donkey engine is mounted on the frame of the press,
so that where a number of cotton presses are employed each press is worked
by a separate engine, supplied with steam from one or more common boilers,
instead of being worked by shafting driven by one large engine as heretofore.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
In the Specification of my former Patent I described a peculiar construction
of lever press, and shewed means of working it by manual labor, but in some
cases several like descriptions of presses have been worked by means of one
powerful steam engine that is of sufficient power in each case to work the
whole of a series of presses at one time, but too powerful for a single press,
which mode of working I have found to be objectionable; and I have dis-

page_text: covered that it is desirable that each press should only have as much steam
power applied to it as the press is calculated to bear, otherwise even with the
greatest care such like presses are very liable to be injured in case the follower
should meet with any extra resistance, which presses of these descriptions are
very liable to. The object, therefore, of this Invention is to apply a separate
or donkey engine to each press, such engine being only of a power suitable for
the one press, when in case of any unusual resistance being presented to the
follower of the press the engine will be overpowered and no injury will result.
The arrangements of and the mode of applying a small or donkey engine to a
lever press may be varied, but I prefer to employ the arrangement shewn in
the Drawing. The nature and combination of the description of lever cotton
presses which I prefer to use being now well known and fully described in the
Specification of my said former Patent, it will not be necessary to describe
covered that it is desirable that each press should only have as much steam
power applied to it as the press is calculated to bear, otherwise even with the
greatest care such like presses are very liable to be injured in case the follower
should meet with any extra resistance, which presses of these descriptions are
very liable to. The object, therefore, of this Invention is to apply a separate
or donkey engine to each press, such engine being only of a power suitable for
the one press, when in case of any unusual resistance being presented to the
follower of the press the engine will be overpowered and no injury will result.
The arrangements of and the mode of applying a small or donkey engine to a
lever press may be varied, but I prefer to employ the arrangement shewn in
the Drawing. The nature and combination of the description of lever cotton
presses which I prefer to use being now well known and fully described in the
Specification of my said former Patent, it will not be necessary to describe
the same here.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is part of a front view of the framing of the press, and Figure 2
is part of a side view thereof. a is the cylinder of a small steam engine fixed
to the framing, which gives motion to the fly wheel shaft or axle 6 by means
of the connecting rod c and crank pin d, and from this shaft or axle 6 motion
is communicated by gearing, as shewn to the axis w, and the parts of the press
are actuated as heretofore.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the details; but what I claim is, the combining a donkey or small
steam engine to a lever press of the class above mentioned for compressing
cotton and other articles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Cardwell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
THOMAS CARDWELL. (L.S.)
Witness,
JOHN STUDHOLME, j',
Clerk to Messrs. Thomas Cardwell & Co.