IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CURING SMOKY CHIMNIES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jasper Capper, of Waterloo, near Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Accountant, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CURING SMOKY CHIMNIES."
Sealed the 30th September 1864, and dated the 2nd April 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jasper Capper at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
April 1864.
I, JASPER CAPPER, of Waterloo, near Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CURING SMOKY CHIMNIES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing the upper portions or terminations
or parts near thereto of chimnies or of chimney pots with a large number of
small openings or apertures therethrough; such small openings or apertures
can conveniently be obtained by making a chimney pot, say, cylindrical in
section and open at both ends, of sheet metal, perforated all over with from
about six to nine circular apertures in the square inch, or by adding or
attaching to a chimney pot a piece of perforated metal of the same character
as that above named, and formed into the same sectional outline as the
chimney top to which it is to be attached. In some cases in connection with

page_text: the said perforated means or apparatus I use other perforated sheets or pieces
of metal or other suitable material to divide the chimney or chimney top in
the unner termination thereof
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jasper Capper in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th September 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JASPER
CAPPER, of Waterloo, near Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Accountant,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jasper Capper, Her special licence that I, the said Jasper Capper,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Jasper Capper, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS
OR APPARATUS FOR CURING SMOKY CHIMNIES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Jasper Capper, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jasper. Capper, do hereby declare the
nature of my, said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say),
My Invention consists in constructing the upper portions or terminations,
or parts near thereto, of chimneys or of chimney pots with a large number of
small openings or apertures therethrough; such small openings or apertures
can conveniently be, obtained by making a chimney pot, say, cylindrical in
section, and open at both ends, of sheet metal perforated all over, or by adding

page_text: or attaching to a chimney pot a piece of perforated metal of the same,
character as that above named, and formed into the same sectional outline as
the chimney top to which it is to be attached. In some cases in connection,
with the said perforated means or apparatus I use other perforated sheets or:
pieces of metal or other suitable material to divide the chimney or chimney
top in length into two or more spaces at or near the upper termination
thereof. That apparatus, constructed according to my Invention, in different
modifications, which I have found to be more or less successful for the object
in view may be clearly understood, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of
illustrative Drawings, Fig. 1 being a vertical section of a perforated cylindrical.
chimney top or pot marked a. The transverse section might be polygonal or,
other shape, and in length the outline might be conical or other form, I
prefer that shewn.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section; Fig. 8 a side elevation, and Fig. 4 a plan
view, all of a metallic chimney top or pot where the cylindrical part 6 which,
is attached to or on the chimney is not perforated; c is a perforated sheet
metal piece, cylindrical in outline, and larger than 6, over which it passes.
downwards a short distance so that a free annular space d is left for exit of
any down current of air or smoke which might not be dissipated through the
apertures or perforations in the part marked c in stormy or gusty weather.
This annular space d would also in calm weather allow air to enter upwards
to assist in drawing off the smoke. The parts b and c are kept in position by
bolts, nuts, and washers f. To many, indeed to almost all chimney tops or
pots now in use, the perforated part c might be added, and a free space
equivalent to d left; to the tops of chimnies it might also be affixed; in some
tops or pots however the large apertures in the sides thereof might answer the.
purpose of and be equal to d. The form of apparatus shewn by Figs. 2,
3, and 4, I have found effective even during the most boisterous weather, and
although I have not found it necessary to provide either a moveable or
stationary cover for the extreme top, cases might arise where such would be
useful.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation and partial section, and Fig. 6 a plan view, both
of a chimney top or pot casing marked 9, square in cross section with dividing
plates h, and diamond perforations i. The plates h divide the top or pot into
four spaces for about one-third of its length. This arrangement, although
successful in practice, cannot be so conveniently swept or cleaned as the
others from the inside of the building on which it may be affixed.
In all the apparatus shewn the sizes of the apertures shewn are larger than
those mentioned in the Provisional Specification of my Invention. The

page_text: circular perforations or apertures are about half an inch diameter, with about
half an inch of metal between the nearest parts of the perforations, and the
diamond shaped apertures are about three-quarters of an inch across. This
is so that the apertures may not get choked up by soot, and not because the
sizes mentioned in my said Provisional Specification would not answer the
purpose so long, as they wero kept clean, or comparatively so. The size of
each aperture, when circular, should not exceed three-fourths of an inch, and
apertures of any other form should not exceed the area just named. The
thickness of the metal or other material of which my said apparatus may be
made, and thin sheet galvanized iron is the best, should not exceed one
quarter of an inch, and the superficial area of the rigid part of the apparatus
should not exceed the area of the perforations or parts removed.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
shewn the best means with which I am acquainted for carrying the same into
effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the details
shewn on the Drawings, nor to any particular shape of chimney top or pot,
or top of chimney, or of apertures therein or sizes thereof. What I claim is,
the construction and use of chimney tops or pots, or parts thereof, or the
top parts or parts near thereto, of chimneys made of sheet metal or other thin
material perforated or with apertures therein, substantially in the manner
herein described and illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jasper Capper, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
In the presence of
JOHN THOMSON KING,
Patent Agent,
4, Clayton Square,
Liverpool.
JASPER CAPPER. (L.S.)