IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM."
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Townsend, of Shelf, near Halifax, in the
County of York,. Worsted Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by the said John Townsend at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th December 1865.
I, JOHN TOWNSEND, of Shelf, near Halifax, in the County of York,.
Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM," to be
as follows:-
This Invention.consists in constructing boilers with one or more tubes
or pipes therein below the ordinary water level: for the steam, after its
generation in the usual manner, to circulate through before being taken
away to any use to which it may be applied. For this purpose I prefer
to have the fire-box under the boiler with flues on the sides for the flam,

page_text: and gaseous products to circulate through, but the fire-box may be placed
within the boiler if desirable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Townsend in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TOWNSEND, of Shelf, near Halifax, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said John Townsend, Her special licence, that I, the said John
Townsend, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said John Townsend, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM," the
upon
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Townsend, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately, after the date of the
said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Townsend, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say): -
This Invention consists in constructing boilers with one or more tubes
or pipes therein below the ordinary water level for the steam, after its
generation in the usual manner, to circulate through before being taken

page_text: have the fire-box under the boiler with flues on the sides for the flame and
the gasious products of combustion to circulate through, but the fire-box
may be placed within the boiler if desirable.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section of a boiler constructed according to my
said Invention taken through the line A, B, in Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 is a
horizontal section of the same taken through the line C, D, in Fig. 1.
The fire-box E is placed underneath, and flues F are formed on each side
in the usual manner. G and H are tubes the whole length of the boiler,
similar to the tubes of a double fire-box boiler, but these tubes are not
open at their ends as in that case. These tubes are connected by a branch
or junction I, and an inlet pipe J is fixed to one, and an outlet pipe K is
fixed to the other tube. It will be readily seen that as steam is generated
in and drawn off from the boiler it will have to pass through the pipe J.
into the tube G and H, and thence out at the pipe K to where it is
required for use. The steam being much hotter than the water produces
agitation and circulation of the water surrounding the tubes, and thereby
promoting the generation of steam, and should any water pass with the
steam out of the ordinary steam chamber into these pipes and tubes it will
be formed into steam before passing out again, consequently what is tech-
nically known as "priming" is effectually prevented, and therefore in using
steam thus generated or treated in this manner for steaming or setting
fabrics during the processes of dyeing or for similar purposes the danger
of staining or spotting them by the water and dirt passing out from the
boiler with the steam is entirely avoided. In constructing these boilers I
also place therein a perforated diaphram or partition as shewn at M, and
I can carry the feed water pipe N to the back end of the boiler where the
water is discharged, and which has then to pass through the perforations
of the partition before arriving near the fire end or front of the boiler; by
this means dirt or other matters carried into the boiler with the feed water
will be deposited behind the partition, thus preventing lodgement over the
furnace. Fig. 3 is a cross section of a Cornish or fire-box boiler, con-
structed with one internal fire-box A, and with my improvements or steam
tubes B applied thereto in a similar manner as previously described. Fig. 4
is also a cross section of a double fire-box boiler having two fire-boxes A,

page_text: and shewing three steam tubes B placed therein, and so connected as to
cause steam to circulate through them.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Townsend; have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-six.
JOHN TOWNSEND.. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Townsend, in
the presence of
ARTHUR B. CROSSLEY,
Clerk to W. Tasker,
Patent Agent,
Halifax.