Improvements in Shedding Mechanism Applicable for Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification, Left, 22nd June, 1889-Accepted, 10th Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shedding Mechanism Applicable for Looms for
Weaving.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY of Keighley in the County of York, Machine
Maker, and JAMES HILL of the same place, Overlooker do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows, that is to say:
It relates to improvements in shedding mechanisms of the classes known as
Hattersley's positive and non-positive dobbies, said improvements being equally
applicable for each or either class, and consists of constructing and arranging the
parts forming said dobbies or shedding mechanisms, in such a manner that the
efficiency thereof is greatly enhanced.
This we attain by making the draw catches, one of each of which is attached to
each outer end of each baulk or swing bar, of variable lengths increasing progressively
from those at the back part of the machine to those at the front part thereof and
arranging their operating draw bars so that each of them (said draw bars) may be
parallel with the hooks that are formed on its series of catches, when said catches
are in position for the healds which are attached to them to be in their lowest
positions.
The outer end of each of these operating draw bars that is in connection with the
shorter catches is made move through a greater space than is its other end, and
this to such an extent that when same has reached the extreme end of its movement
by which the catches are drawn to raise the healds, the shorter catches are moved
about as much further than the longer catches as they were behind same at the
commencement of their said movement, with the result that a more even shed or
opening is made for the passage of the shuttle.
We further make use of a ratchet and ratchet wheel arrangement in connection with
the pattern cylinder employed in the heald operating mechanisms above referred to,
whereby the object well known as "lagging back" may he accomplished when lags, each
having two rows of indicating pegs, are used in connection with said pattern cylinder, in
such a manner that the liability of said lags being disarranged so as to place the
catches upon which they operate at cross purposes, when the operator changes the
ratchet mechanism for the purpose of "lagging back," is entirely avoided.
This is attained by mounting an additional ratchet wheel upon the cylinder's shaft
in such a manner that its teeth may be opposed to its operating ratchet so that while
the ratchet, which operates the ratchet wheel usually employed, pushes same so as to
rotate the pattern cylinder in one direction by, say, the forward movement of the
lever upon which said ratchet is mounted, the ratchet which operates the additional
ratchet-wheel rotates the cylinder in the opposite direction by the return, say backward,
movement of the lever to which it, as well as the above described ordinary ratchet, is
mounted provided that the operator has by suitably arranged mechanism, manually
placed one ratchet out of and the other into position at the proper time to effect
this interchange of action, so that the actions of said ratchets occur at opposite
times relatively with the time of movement of the lever to which they are
mounted.
Several arrangements of heald operating mechanisms have been employed to
produce what is technically known as a "shut shed," said shut shed being a division
in the threads of warp from a central position, one portion thereof being taken up
while the other is being taken down from this position, to form an opening for the
passage of the shuttle, all the threads of warp returning to their normal central
positions prior to being again moved for the reception of each successive pick or
shot of weft, this method of operating the warp being said to have advantages

page_text: over others when certain kinds of work have to be performed; however by most of
these mechanisms it is only possible to have this single function performed but
the heald operating mechanisms above referred to (viz. Hattersley's positive as also
non-positive dobbies) may be made so that though they may be used for performing
their usual well known functions, yet by altering the positions of the parts constructed
as hereinafter described they will produce a shut shed."
This is attained by arranging and constructing the levers, through which-motion is
imparted to the draw bars, so that one of these draw bars shall be made to travel
only one half the distance of the other, and the winch or crank which operates the
levers above referred to is made to rotate at double the usual rate of speed
which may be accomplished by mounting same upon the top or crank shaft of
the loom.
The indicating mechanism is arranged to place all the draw hooks or catches
operated by the draw bar of short travel, always into connection therewith by which
means all the threads of warp are always raised to a central position at each forward
movement of said bar and at its backward or return movement, such of said threads,
that are not raised from this position to their highest position by means of being
placed into connection with the other draw bar (of long. travel), are pressed back or
descend to their lowest position.
Dated this 25th day of Santambar 18ee
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shedding Mechanism Applicable for Looms for
Weaving.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY of Keighley in the County of York,
Machine Maker, and JAMES HILL of the same place, Overlooker do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is
to say:―
It relates to improvements in shedding mechanisms of the classes known as
Hattersley's positive" and "non-positive "dobbies, said improvements being equally
applicable for each or either class, and consists of constructing and arranging the
parts forming said dobbies or shedding mechanisms in such a manner that the
efficiency thereof is greatly enhanced.
The accompanying sheets of drawings are illustrative of this invention and are
referred to in the following description.
Fig. 1 is front view of a machine or
this invention.
"
dobby" constructed in accordance with
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is back view of portion fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is front view of a portion of a dobby shewing another arrangement of the
mechanism for operating the pattern or peg-lag cylinder.
Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are similar views to fig. 4 and shew varied methods or
arrangements for attaining the object of this invention. Figs. 11 and 12 are back
views of a dobby showing different positions assumed by several parts in accordance
with their respective movements.
The object of this invention is attained by making the draw-catches a a¹ (one of
each of said catches a a¹ being attached to one or the other of the outer ends of each
swing bar b), of varied lengths increasing progressively from those at the back
part of the machine to those at the front part thereof or in other words making
the catch a², which is near the back of the machine, of a suitable length, and the
catch a of an appropriately longer length, the catches arranged between the two
varying in length and arrangement as shewn by fig. 2.
'
The draw bars ce are arranged to suit the positions of the hooks on these
catches a a¹ or are coupled at suitable places to their respective operating levers d d¹

page_text: by the rods e e¹ or e² e³ so that when the catches a or a¹ are in the position shewn at a
figs. 1 and 2 their draw bar cor e shall be about parallel with the hooks on said
catches as shewn at e fig. 2, this being the position assumed by the catches a or a¹
when the levers f, to which they are coupled by their swing bars b, are in position for
the healds attached to them in the well known manner, to be at the extremity of their
movements downwards. And by the coupling of the draw bars c c to the levers d d
as above described, that is to say, the jointings of the rods e e¹ being arranged to be
nearer to the centre 3 of the lover d than are those of the rods e² e to the centre ³
of the lever d¹, the outer ends of said bars c and c¹ that are near or iowards the
catches a² will be moved through a greater space than are their other ends consequently
the catches at, near and towards these parts will in like degree be moved through
greater space as also will the healds that are joined to the parts attached to and
operated by those catches by which means a more even she or opening is made in
the warp for the passage of the shuttle as is well understood.
"
:1
We further make use of a ratchet and ratchet wheel arrangement in connection
with the pattern cylinder employed in the heald operating mechanisms above
referred to, whereby the object well known as lagging back" may be accomplished
when lags each having two rows or series of indicating pegs one row or series to
operate one of the series of catches a or a¹ while the other is to operate the other
series, are used in connection with said pattern cylinder, in such a manner that
the liability of said lags being disarranged so as to place the catches upon which
they operate at cross purposes, when the operator changes the ratchet mechanism for
the said purpose of "lagging back," is entirely avoided.
This object is attained by mounting an additional ratchet-wheel upon the
cylinder's shaft in such a manner that its teeth g' may be opposed to its operating
ratchet so that while the ratchet A¹, which operates the ratchet wheel g² usually
employed, pushes same so as to rotate the pattern cylinder in the direction indicatedl
by the arrow by, say, the forward movement of the lever dupon which it is.
mounted, the ratchet which operates the ratchet wheel. will rotate said cylinder.in
the opposite direction to that indicated by arrow by the return, say backward,
movement of the lever to which it, as well as the ratchet A' is mounted, provided
that the operator has, by the pin attached to the lever n which is mounted
loosely upon the shaft and operated by the rod o, manually placed one ratchet
out of and the other into position at the proper time to effect this interchange of
action as by moving the said rod o and causing said pin m to recede from the
ratchet and move to hold the ratchet clear of the ratchet wheel while the
weighted end of the ratchet k by gravity brings said ratchet into operating
contact with its ratchet-wheel g, so that the actions of said ratchets and occur at
opposite times relatively with the time of movement of the lever d to which they are
mounted.
-
Instead of mounting the ratchets & and kapon the lever das illustrated by fig. 1.
they may be mounted upon a three armed lever p (shewn by fig. 4) which is mounted
upon the support s carried by the framework A, and coupled to, so as to be operated
by, the lever d by the rod pl. The rod o and the lever n with its pin m (said
pin m being shewn in broken lines) being somewhat of a modified form to
suit the modifications in the arrangements of the ratchets kkas will readily be
understood.
Again instead of making use of an additional ratchet-wheel arranged as shewn,
one ratchet-wheel g³ (figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8) having its teeth so formed that the
ratchets may be employed to operate it in both directions, the ratchet 2 in
the direction indicated by arrow while the ratchet operates it in the opposite
direction. In connection with this shape or kind of ratchet wheel ³ as
also in connection with those herein before described the several forms and
arrangements of means for operating the ratchets and as illustrated by
figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8, might be employed, and describing these in the order in which
they are illustrated we might say that the ratchets illustrated by fig. 5 are mounted
upon two arms respectively of three-armed levert which is loosely-mounted upon the

page_text: shaft and operated by the lever d through the medium of the rod p², the three
armed lever n with two pins m¹ m³ (said pins being shewn in broken lines) being
used in place of the lever n having the pin m The parts shewn in connection with
fig. 6 are somewhat similar to those shewn by fig. 5 but the levert has no supplementary
arms, and the ratchets 23 are mounted upon the main part of said lever ', by
which means the same kind of lever and rod o as is used in connection with parts
shewn by fig. 4, might be employed.
The formation of the ratchets k¹³ and 13 may also be varied, as also may the
means for operating these ratchets as shewn by figs. 7, 8 and 9 (in said latter fig. 9
the formation of the teeth are of different shape to suit the difference in the
formation of the ratchets ), in all said figs. 7, 8 and 9 the ratchet is made so as
to move the wheel g³ by pressing or pushing its teeth gf or y while the ratchet A
accomplishes the same object, but in the opposite direction, by pulling said teeth g*
or g³.
Fig. 7 shows the ratchets and mounted loosely upon the lever d, a modified
form of the lever n, which has the cam surfaces n² and n³ formed upon it, being
employed for operating the said ratchets and 4 (part n² being shewn as holding
the ratchet out of contact with the wheel g³ while the part n³ is clear of the
ratchet) as will be readily understood.
In place of the lever n and rod o, fig. 8 shews the lever n joined by cords n n to
the ratchets, the same being arranged to be operated by the cord o¹ in one
direction while the spring of effects its return movement. Said fig. S also illustrates
the ratchets k* k³ as being mounted upon a supplementary lever p³ which is operated
by the lever d through the medium of the rod pt, in the same manner as is the lever
shewn by fig. 4.
•
P,
The sliding piece u (see fig. 9) may he employed in place of the supplementary
levers and p if desired.
Several arrangements of heald operating mechanisms have been employed for
producing or effecting what is technically known as a "shut-shed," this said shut-shed
being a division or seperation of the threads of warp from a somewhat central position,
one portion thereof being taken or moved, upwards while the other is being taken
downwards from this position, to form an opening for the passage of the shuttle, all
the threads of warp returning to their normal central positions prior to being again
moved for the reception of each successive pick or shot of weft, this method of
operating the threads of warp being said to have advantages over others when certain
kinds of work have to be performed; however by most of these mechanisms it is
only possible to have this single function performed but the heald operating
mechanisms above referred to (viz.-Hattersley's positive as also non-positive
dobbies) may be made so that though they may be used for performing their
usual well known functions, yet by constructing and arranging certain parts thereof
so that their positions might be altered as hereinafter described, they will produce a
" shut shed."
To attain this the levers d (fig. 12 A) have an additional opening for the
reception of the axial shaft y upon which they are mounted (a similar opening being
made in the framework A in an appropriate position for the reception of this shaft
as will he readily understood), and the position of this opening relatively with the
outer ends of the levers is such that the length of the lever arm from a to el
is twice that from a to ² consequently when the levers are caused to move upon
their centre, the outer end will move through double the space moved by the
end, by which means the draw bar (which in this case is illustrated as being) c¹
which is coupled to the arm will only be moved or drawn thereby a distance
equal to half the distance moved by the draw-bar c which is coupled to the arm.
The winch or crank, which operates the levers through the medium of the
rod das is well known, is made to rotate at double its usual rate of speed which
may be accomplished by mounting same upon the top or crank shaft of the
looin.
The indicating mechanism (which is common and well known) is arranged so that

page_text: it will place all the draw hooks or catches a operated by the bar c' always into
connection therewith by which means all the threads of warp are always raised to
a somewhat central position at each forward movement of said bar and at its
backward or return movement such of said threads that are not further raised
from this position by means of the catches a", to which they are joined by the
common and well known arrangement of healds, and levers or bowls and the
levers and b, being placed into connection with the draw-bar c; are pressed back
or descend to their lowest position. Since the positions of the shaft y at and ³
are interchangeable and its position at being the one in which it is placed for
performing its ordinary functions, it will readily be seen that by these means the
object desired is attained.
Instead of forming an additional opening in the levers d, the attachment for
the rods to said levers d as shewn at a may be placed at only one half the
distance from the centre 23 that are the rods e as shewn at ..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same has to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1. The catches a a' of the relative dimensions as set forth, the draw bars c and c¹,
the rods e ele and arranged as described, and means for operating said bars and
rods in combination, each and all of these parts being constructed and arranged to
operate in the manner and to the end substantially as heroin specified.
2. The ratchets & and mounted upon the lever d as shewn, said lever d, the
ratchet wheels g and y, a pattern cylinder having a shaft h, peg-lags C, each of which
have two rows or series of indicating pegs D, the lever n having a pin m, and the
rod o, in combination, all said parts being formed and arranged substantially as herein
specified to perform the functions set. forth.
12
3. The ratchet and mounted upon the lever p as shewn, said lever p, the
connecting rod p', the wheels g and g², the lever n having a pin m, the rod o, a pattern
cylinder having a shaft and peg-lags each having two rows or series of pegs as
at C and D in combination all these said parts being formed and arranged substantially
as herein specified to perform the functions set forth.
4. The ratchets and mounted upon the arms of the lever t, said lever t,
the rod p², means for operating said rod p³, the wheel g³, the lever n having
pins mm, the rod o, a pattern cylinder having a shaft and peg-lags each of
which have two rows or series of pegs as at and D in combination, all these
said parts being formed and arranged, substantially as herein specified, to perform the
functions set forth.
5. The ratchets and mounted upon the lever t, said lever t, rod p², means
for operating said rod p³, the wheel g³, the lever n, the rod o, a pattern cylinder
having a shaft hand peg-lags each of which have two rows or series of pegs as
at C and D in combination, all the said parts being formed and arranged, substan-
tially as herein specified, to perform the functions set forth.
6. The ratchets and mounted upon the lever d, means for operating said
lever d, the wheel g³, the lever n having cam surfaces n² and n³, the rod o, a pattern
cylinder having a shaft hand peg-lags each of which have rows or series of pegs as
at C and D in combination, all these said parts being formed and arranged substantially
as herein specified, to perform the functions set forth.
7. The ratchets and mounted upon the lever p³, said lever p³, the rod p*,
means for operating said rod p', the wheel g³, the lever nº, cords n' no, the spring o",
the cord o, a pattern cylinder having a shaft and peg-lags cach of which have
two rows or series of pegs as at C and D, in combination, all these said parts being
formed and arranged, substantially as herein specified, to perform the functions set
forth.
8. The ratchets and k mounted upon the sliding piece u, said piece u, the
wheels having teeth gs formed as shewn, the rod p³, means for operating said rod p²,
the lever n having cam surfaces n² n³, the rod o, a pattern cylinder having a shaft h

page_text: and peg-lags each of which have two rows or series of pegs as at C and D in
combination, all these said parts being formed and arranged, substantially as herein
specified to perform the functions set forth.
9. The construction and arrangement of the parts for forming the heald operating
mechanisms of looms in such a manner as to enable sanie to effect an ordinary as
well as a
closed-shed" in the warp for the passage of the shuttle substantially as
herein specified.
Dated this 21st day of June 1889
RICHD. L. HATTERSLEY.
JAMES HILL.