Improvements in or connected with Cylinder and Piston Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd July, 1897-Accepted, 30th Oct., 1897.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or connected with Cylinder and Piston Motors.
I, FRANCOIS CROZET of 7 Rue de Sully, Lyons in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
This invention has for its object certain improvements in motors with the object
of avoiding the vibrations which these motors impart to motor cars, ships'
machinery and various appliances with which they are employed.
My invention consists in principle in the application and use with a motor of
two systems of fly-wheels having an equal moment of inertia, and parallel shafts
revolving in reverse directions and mounted on the same frame, the inertia of the
parts in movement being however corrected by counterweights which are suitably
arranged thereon.
The two systems of flywheels may, for instance, be formed by two flywheels
revolving in reverse directions to one another, or by two flywheels revolving in
one direction and by one or two flywheels revolving in a reverse direction. They
may he actuated by one or more pistons, the cylinders of which are firmly attached
to the frame and which are placed in such a way that the power due to the pressure
of the fluid on the pistons is exerted simultaneously and is produced on the fly-
wheels of two equal coupled motors in a reverse direction, the reactions of which
equalize one another constantly, seeing that the two apparatuses are on the same
frame.
In the accompanying drawings is shown as an example the method of carrying
out this principle on a motor having two vertical cylinders, the pistons of which
actuate two parallel shafts revolving in opposite directions and each carrying a
flywheel.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the motor;
Figure 2 a plan view of the same partly in section.
The two motor shafts a b c d arranged parallel and revolving in opposite direc-
tions, cach carry flywheels f, g, the moments of inertia of which are similar. They
are actuated by pistons o, n of the same diameter, the simultaneous movement of
which in the cylinders D and E under the action of the motor fluid acting at the
point is transmitted to them by means of rods I m of the same length. Counter-
weights h i j k intended to overcome the dead point of the moving parts are suit-
ably arranged on the interior or exterior of the crank box and symmetrically as
regards the axes X X, Y Y.
A set of cogwheels and pinions qrst is also keyed on the motor shafts in such
a way that the pistons always reach the dead points simultaneously, one of these
wheels, r, for instance, being capable of being utilized for the steam distribution
which is effected by the ordinary known method.
The pistons o and n being supposed to be at the bottom of their course at the
moment when the fluid acts on them, in proportion as the displacement is produced,
the pressure produces on each shaft a coupled motion or impulse which increases
very rapidly and the reaction of which acts on the frame in an inverse direction to

page_text: the movement. In consequence of the arrangement of two parallel shafts revolv-
ing in opposite directions on the same frame, the double reaction only acts on the
cast metal parts of the frame and the cylinders, and has no action on the motor-
car, boat, or other structure which carries or supports the motor.
In motors on a single shaft, on the contrary, this double reaction would tenu to
cause the frame to revolve round the shaft and in the opposite direction to the
latter, and there would result from the variableness of the strength of this reaction
considerable vibrations on the machine. These vibrations are still further
diminished by the use of the counterweights h i j k, the weight of which is suitably
calculated, and which are arranged symmetrically on one side and the other of
the axes XX, Y Y, so that their centre of gravity is displaced on the same line
intersecting the planes X X, Y Y and in an opposite direction to the centre of
gravity of the moving parts.
The motor thus formed may impart its movement to a motor car, ship or other
receiver to which it is fitted, either by means of an intermediate shaft u operating
the distribution, or by means of the shafts a b c d carrying the two sets of fly-
wheels.
It is evident that the system of equilibrium motors hereinbefore described might
equally well comprise one or more vertical or horizontal cylinders, the pistons of
which would be operated by any suitable fluid in the manner herein before
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The application and use in a motor operated by any suitable fluid, of two
systems of masses forming flywheels having the same moment of inertia, and
parallel shafts revolving in an opposite direction mounted on the same frame and
actuated by one or more pistons, the cylinders of said pistons being rigidly
attached to the frame and placed and calculated in such a way that the flywheels
receive simultaneously two equal coupled motions or impulses in opposite
dircctions substantially as herein before described.
2. The application and use in the hereindescribed equilibrium motor, of counter-
weights mounted on parallel shafts and selected in such a way as to counter-
balance the moving parts, cranks, rods, pistons and the like, substantially as
herein before described and shewn as an example in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 1st day of July 1897.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.