A New or Improved Cementing Material.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 10th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Mar., 1891-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL DI BUIFICATIO
A New or Improved Cementing Material.
I, VICTOR LÉON DAGUZAU, of St. Médard, near Mirande, Department of Gers,
in the Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention consists in the manufacture and employment of a new material to
be substituted for limes, cements, plasters, and bituminous products, in the greater
part of their applications.
This new material which I call pyro-cement is manufactured in the following
manner. In a boiler I heat the consistent matters resulting from the preparation
of petroleum, coal, schistous oils, &c. to a temperature sufficient to expel the
noxious hydrocarbons and to obtain between 250 and 350 degrees Centigrade a
fluid and homogeneous material.
The heating is stopped at various points, between 250 and 350 degrees Centigrade
according to the special qualities desired to be given to the pyrocement for its
various uses.
Then I combine with it powdered natural silicates and a small
quantity of pure silica; if necessary these materials are washed and dried and they
should be absolutely free from limestone or calcareous material, but they may be
combined with oxides of iron or ferruginous ores in larger or smaller quantities..
The entire charge is intermixed in the boiler by means of a worm or screw; and in
order to increase the cohesion and density, I introduce during the mixing from
5 to 10 per cent. of a binding material such as a natural sulphate in powder.
Finally obtain a very homogeneous product which I call pyrocement, the
density of which varies from 2.2 to 2.8 according to the proportions of the materials
used and the temperatures employed in the heating process.
The pyrocement is employed hot immediately it is run out of the boiler in which
it has been made. It can also be moulded into bricks or blocks for conveyance to
the places where there would be some difficulty in manufacturing it on the spot.
The pyrocement is a blackish product which adheres strongly to iron, wood,
stone &c. Although differing completely in its character from limes, cements,
plasters and bituminous compounds, it can nevertheless replace them with advantage
and economy in their various applications such as mortars, concretes, artificial stone,
monolithic or block pavement, roads and footpaths, foundations and joints for wood
paving with complete suppression of ordinary concrete, tubes and conduits of all
kinds, coatings, foundations, blocks and works for sea or river &c.
On account of its superior cohesion and resistance the pyrocement can be used in
thin layers and without the necessity for placing it on a foundation of concrete,
lime or cement.
Concrete manufactured with the pyrocement has the advantage above other
concretes of being very elastic, more resistant and absolutely waterproof.
It is a stable compound and proof against water and atmospheric influences.
It does not wear away so fast as the bituminous products as it does not contain
limestone or calcareous material.
Finally it only begins to soften at about 100 degrees Centigrade or above and
consequently resists extra-solary temperatures.
Dated June 10th 1890.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
A New or Improved Cementing Material.
I, VICTOR LEON DAGUZAU, of St. Médard, near Mirande, Department of Gers,
in the Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in the manufacture and employment of a new material to
be substituted for limes, cements, plasters, and bituminous products, in the greater
part of their applications.
This new material, which I call pyro-cement, is manufactured in the following
manner. In a boiler I heat the consistent matters resulting from the preparation
of petroleum, coal, schistous oils, &c., to a temperature sufficient to expel the
noxious hydrocarbons, and to obtain between 250 and 350 degrees Centigrade a
fluid and homogeneous material.
The heating is stopped at various points, between 250 and 350 degrees Centigrade,
according to the special qualities desired to be given to the pyro-cement for its
various uses. Then I combine with it powdered natural silicates and a small
quantity of pure silica; if necessary these materials are washed and dried and they
should be absolutely free from limestone or calcareous material, but they may be
combined with oxides of iron or ferruginous ores in larger or smaller quantities.
With a view to the greatest economy I use by preference the natural silicates such
as clays and argillaceous earths. The entire charge intermixed in the boiler by
means of a worm or screw; and in order to increase the cohesion and density, 1
introduce during the mixing from 5 to 10 per cent. of a natural powdered sulphate
such as the calcium, aluminium, barium, magnesium and other sulphates, whose
effect is to regulate the boiling obviate boiling over, and increase the resistance and
adhesion of the final product.
Finally I obtain a very homogeneous product, which I call pyro-cement, the
density of which varies from 2.2 to 2-8 according to the proportions of the materials
used and the temperatures employed in the heating process.
The proportions of the materials to be employed will vary according to the
nature and degree of purity of the resinous matters, clays, argillaceous earths,
silicates and natural sulphates employed and also according to the degree of
hardness and resistance to the effects of heat which it may be desired to obtain in
each particular case of employment of the pyro-cement.
I have found the following proportions to produce a useful result.
18 to 25 per cent. of gas petroleum or other resinous matters, 75 to 80 per cent. of
clay or argillaceous earth and silica, 2 to 8 per cent. of natural sulphates.
The pyro-cement is employed hot immediately it is run out of the boiler in which
it has been made. It can also be moulded into bricks or blocks for conveyance to
the places where there would be some difficulty in manufacturing it on the spot.
The pyro-cement is a blackish product which adheres strongly to iron wood
stone &c. Although differing completely in its character from limes, cements,
plasters and bituminous compounds, it can nevertheless replace them with advantage
and economy in their various applications such as mortars, concretes, artificial stone,
monolithic or block pavement, roads and footpaths foundations, and joints for wood
paving, with complete suppression of ordinary concrete tubes and conduits of all
kinds, coatings, foundations, blocks and works for sea and river, &c.
On account of its superior cohesion and resistance, the pyrocement can be used
in thin layers and without the necessity for placing it on a foundation of concrete,
lime, or cement.
Concrete manufactured with the pyrocement has the advantage above other
concretes of being very elastic, more resistant and absolutely waterproof. It is a
stable compound and proof against water and atmospheric influences. It does not
wear away so fast as the bituminous products as it does not contain limestone, or

page_text: calcareous material. Finally it only begins to soften at about 100 degrees
Centigrade or above and consequently resists extra-solary temperatures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is -
1. The new material, which I call pyro-cement, manufactured substantially as
herein described, to be used in lieu of lime, cements, plasters and bituminous
materials.
2. The employment of the new material herein described for mortar, concretes,
roofing, paving, and other purposes, and generally for all the uses to which the
materials above named are adapted.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1891.
V. L. DAGUZAU.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.