IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND DELIVERING LIQUIDS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JOHN FAWCETT, of 35 Somerset Terrace, Rashcliffe, Huddersfield, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND DELIVERING LIQUIDS" to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus for enabling predetermined quantities of
liquid to be withdrawn from a tank, cask, or similar vessel and to be delivered
directly to any suitable receptacle, so that the ordinary measure into which liquid
is usually drawn may be dispensed with.
The improved apparatus is provided with a cock, in the shell of which are four
apertures.
The plug of the said cock is preferably solid; and has formed in its opposite
sides channels or recesses each of which is adapted to connect two adjacent
apertures.
To the upper aperture in the shell (assuming the cock to be fixed horizontally)
is attached the inlet pipe adapted to be connected with a tank or the like. The
lower aperture is for the discharge and is provided with any suitable means for
delivering the liquid.
To each of the side apertures is connected a chamber of known capacity. These
chambers which must both be of the same size serve to measure the liquid as it is
received from a tank, or the like, prior to its delivery.
The connections between the said cock and chambers are at the lower ends of
the latter so that they may completely empty.
When the plug of the cock is in one position the supply tank is in connection
with say the right hand chamber through one channel, the left hand chamber being
then in connection with the discharge aperture through the other channel.
In this position of the plug, and when the said chambers are below the level of
the liquid in the tank or the like, the right hand chamber will fill. When the
plug is turned through an angle of 90° the left hand chamber will be put in
communication with the tank and fill, while the right hand chamber will be put in
communication with the outlet, and discharge.
It will thus be understood that the said chambers are alternately filled and
emptied, the filling of one taking place simultaneously with the emptying of the
other, so that the flow of liquid · practically continuous,

page_text: .
To the top of each chamber is attached a small tube extending above the level
of the liquid in the tank, the said tubes serving to permit the egress and ingress of
air as the chambers are filled and emptied.
Registering mechanism is sometimes arranged in connection with the cock, and
operated each time the plug of the latter is moved, thereby indicating how many
times the chambers have been filled and emptied.
The whole apparatus described may be enclosed in a suitable casing and is
connected in any suitable manner to any vessel from which liquid is to be
withdrawn.
Instead of arranging the apertures in the shell at right angles to each other they
may be otherwise suitably arranged, and instead of forming channels or recesses
in the plug the latter is sometimes formed with passages adapted to connect the
apertures in pairs.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, JOHN FAWCETT, of 35 Somerset Terrace, Rashcliffe, Huddersfield, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND DELIVERING LIQUIDS" and.
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to apparatus for measuring and delivering oil or other
liquids.
The said invention is chiefly designed to improve the construction of the
apparatus described in the specification of former Letters Patent granted to me and
dated 13th May, 1869, No 1471. In this apparatus there are two measuring
chambers which are connected with a tank, or other suitable vessel, and are
provided with two cocks. The plugs of these cocks are connected by suitable
gearing in such a manner that they can be operated simultaneously to put the
said chambers in communication alternately with the said tank or vessel and with
an outlet or delivery pipe, so that, while either chamber is being emptied, the
other chamber will be re-filled.
By my present invention I provide for accomplishing this result by means of a
single cock, which is constructed, and arranged in combination with the two.
measuring chambers, as hereinafter set forth.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in vertical section, of a measuring apparatus
with my present improvements applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line x, x Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the plug of the improved cock.
a indicates a tank or reservoir for the liquid which is to be measured. b, b¹ are
the two measuring chambers, which are of equal capacity. c is my improved cock,
which is arranged between the chambers 6 61 at, or near, the lower ends thereof.
The shell of this cock is made with four apertures or passages c¹, c², c³, c. The
plug d of the said cock is solid, and has, in opposite sides thereof, two recesses or
cavities d', d². The passage c¹ is connected by a pipe e with the tank a. The
passage is connected with the chamber b, and the passage c³ with the chamber b¹.
The passage c communicates with the outlet or delivery pipe f..
The cavities d', d in the plug d are so formed that each of them is capable of
connecting two adjacent apertures or passages in the shell of the said cock. When
the said plug is in the position shewn, the cavity d connects the passages c¹³, and
the cavity d² connects the passages c³, c, so that the chamber b' is in communication
with the tank a through the cavity d', and the chamber b is in communication
with the discharge aperture or passage c through the cavity d. If the plug dis
turned through an angle of 90° in the direction indicated by the arrow, Figure 1,
the cavity will connect the passages c³, c', and the cavity-d will connect the
passages c¹, c, so that the chamber b will be in communication with the tank a
through the cavity d³, and the chamber b¹ with the outlet c through the cavity d¹.

page_text: It will, therefore, be seen that, by turning the said plug alternately in either
direction, the said chambers will be alternately filled and emptied, the filling of one
chamber taking place simultaneously with the emptying of the other chamber.
It is obvious that, by these means, the liquid can be caused to flow from the
outlet c' either intermittently or in a practically continuous stream; but, in either
case, the liquid will be measured before it is delivered through the said outlet.
The passage c¹ is, in some cases, made of larger area than the passage ct, to
ensure the filling of either of the said chambers before the whole of the liquid is
drawn from the other chamber.
To the top of each of the chambers b, b' is attached a small tube g which extends
upward into the tank a, so that its upper end will be above the level of the liquid
therein. These tubes serve to permit the egress and ingress of air whilst the
chambers are being filled-and emptied.
Registering mechanism of any suitable description is sometimes arranged in
combination with the said cock, so that it will be operated, when the plug of the
said cock is turned in either direction, and will indicate the number of times the
chambers b, b¹ are filled and emptied.
The measuring chambers and the, cock above described are preferably enclosed
in a casing h of tin or other suitable material. 'If desired, the tank.a.is connected
in any suitable manner with a cask or other vessel from which liquid is to be
drawn, or the pipe e is connected directly with the said cask or other vessel.
-
Instead of arranging the apertures, in the shell of the cock c at right angles to
each other, they are sometimes otherwise suitably arranged. Moreover, instead of
forming recesses or cavities in the plug, the latter is sometimes formed with two
boles or passages adapted to connect the apertures in pairs.
It is obvious that the improved cock may, if desired, be used in combination
with other apparatus than that shown in the drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner. the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The improved cock having four apertures or passages in its shell and
provided with a solid plug in which are formed two holes or cavities each capable
of connecting two of the said apertures or passages, substantially as set forth.
Second. In an apparatus for measuring and delivering liquids, the combination,
with two measuring chambers, of a cock constructed and arranged substantially as
described so that the said chambers can be thereby put in communication
alternately with a tank or other vessel and with an outlet or delivery pipe, as, and
for the purpose; specified.
.