matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
MENTS IN EXCAVATORS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philipp Cramer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1876.
PHILIPP CRAMER, of the Minories, in the City of London, Engineer.
MENTS IN EXCAVATORS."
"
IMPROVE-
The Invention consists chiefly in three parts, namely: part (I.), a swinging cranc
placed near the edge of a barge or a truck; part (II.), the excavator, suspended from
the outer end of the crane; part (III.), the hoisting and lowering machinery, and a
system of chains, which connect the excavator to the working machinery.
The part (I.), the crane, consists of a pair of shears, constructed of timber, which
with their lower ends rest upon a revolving platform, and are held by their upper
ends by means of a strong chain attached suitably to a strong rigid frame build
upon the barge or truck. The shears hold up on their upper ends a revolving gear,
through an eye of which a strong square bar may pass up and down, receiving at
the same time revolving motion. The revolving gear is connected to the engine by
means of a chain or wire rope and suitable pulleys.
Part (II.), the excavator, consists chiefly in three parts, namely: part 1, a strong
bar made of square timber, and intended to pass through the eye of the revolving
gear; part 2, a round bucket made of boiler iron and securely attached to the bar;
part 3, a system of plates hinged between bar and bucket, near the lower edge of
the latter, and intended to work in two distinct manners, namely: at first, during
excavating, they will hang in an angled position, and will act as cutters similar to
the edges of a drill, and at second, after the bucket is filled, they will be raised, and
will shutt one against the other in a manner as to form a bottom to the bucket and
keep in the spoil. Both bucket and bar on the one part and the plates on the other
part are connected to the hoisting and lowering machinery by means of two sets of
chains, and in a manner that both parts may be worked independently from each
other, and to enable at the same time the rotary motion for the excavator the
chains are attached to either part by means of intersected turntables.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING OR CUTTING SEALS AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES AND SUBSTANCES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lyon Field at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May 1870.
JOHN LYON FIELD, of Manor House, Broadwater, in the County of Sussex,
Gentleman. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING OR
CUTTING SEALS AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES AND SUBSTANCES."
This Invention has for its object an improved method of and apparatus for
engraving or cutting seals and various other articles and substances.
In seal engraving as ordinarily practised it is usual to fix the engraving tool
upon the end of a spindle or shaft arranged to be rapidly rotated in fixed bearings
on a frame or stand, and the object to be engraved has to be presented to the tool
by hand, the requisite design being produced by manipulation not of the engraving
tool but of the object that is to be engraved.
Now my Invention is designed to enable the engraving to be effected by means
of an instrument which in size, form, and general appearance much resembles an
ordinary pencil case, and which the operator can manipulate much in the same way
as he would an ordinary pencil, thereby greatly facilitating the engraving process
by assimilating it to the process of drawing, or sketching, or etching. To this end
the article to be engraved is placed upon a table or bench provided with a pulley or
drum to which rotatory motion is given by a treadle or otherwise. Over this
pulley or drum is an endless elastic band, which is passed also over a small grooved
pulley on the spindle of the engraving instrument. This spindle works within a
tubular or hollow body or handle arranged to be held in the hand of the operator
somewhat in the same way as a pencil, or penholder, or brush. The outer or
projecting extremity of the spindle is formed or provided with a hollow or tubular
part which is split so as to form as it were two or more little jaws, having at their
outer sides a slight taper.
The pulley is formed with a nozzle-shaped boss or tubular projection, and the
spindle and pulley are wound or screwed, so that as the pulley is screwed home on
the spindle its boss causes the three little jaws of the spindle end to approach each
other. These little jaws serve to clasp and hold the cutting or engraving tool, and
permit of the ready changing of the tools as required.
The arrangement of tool holder may be modified to suit circumstances.

page_text: It will be evident that the process of engraving with rotating tools may be
assimilated to the process of drawing or sketching or etching, as above described, in
various ways without departing from the distinctive character of my Invention, as
herein-above set forth. Also that my Invention may be applied in engraving or
cutting gems, marble, glass, and a variety of other substances.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SAFETY VALVE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Black at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1876.
THOMAS BLACK, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, but at present residing
at Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer. "A NEW OR
IMPROVED SAFETY VALVE."
This Invention which relates to a new or improved safety valve is applicable not
only to steam boilers but also to other vessels, or pipes, or conduits which contain
fluids or liquids under pressure.
The essential feature in the construction of the new or improved valve consists in
this, that the area of steam supply from the boiler is always greater than the area
of the steam escape from the valve, the result of which is that at the instant of
opening the area of the valve face is increased, whereby from that instant the steam
acting upon this enlarged area exercises a greater total pressure upon the valve, and
thereby has greater control against the load for lifting the valve into any required
position.
The new or improved valve is constructed with a deep lip all round its periphery,
and the valve seat is preferably conical, but it may be made parallel on its exterior,
by which arrangement the steam after escaping over the valve seat becoming to
some extent confined between the lip and the valve seat is caused to exercise a
pressure which will lift the valve until the area of steam escape from the valve is
equal to the area of steam orifice over the valve seat.
The new or improved valve constituting this Invention besides being used as a
safety valve proper may also be used as an easing valve in combination with the
steam loaded safety valves for which Letters Patent have been granted to the said
Thomas Black, No. 1632, A.D. 1876.
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING AND POLISHING BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Edwards at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th May 1876.
ARTHUR EDWARDS, of Clint Hill; Buckhurst Hill, in the County of Essex.
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING AND POLISHING BOOTS AND SHOES."
"AN
This Invention consists in constructing a machine suitable for cleaning and
polishing boots and shoes in the following inanner:-In a suitable framing I arrango
an upright spindle (by preference) upon which I fix two circular brushes of peculiar
shape one above the other at suitable distances asunder. The upper brush, the
bristles of which should be hard, is intended to brush off dirt from the boot or shoe
that is to be cleaned, and the other and lower circular, brush, the bristles of which
should be comparatively soft, is intended to polish the boot or shoe after it has
been blacked or coated with blacking by hand or otherwise.
The rotary movement of the aforesaid brushes may be effected by means of toothed
gearing arranged and actuated as follows:-Upon the aforesaid upright spindle and
above the aforesaid top brush I fix a bevil pinion which gears into a bevil wheel
koyed on one end of a horizontal spindle; the other end of the said spindle carries
a toothed pinion which gears into a toothed wheel, the size of which as compared
with the pinion should be such as to produce rapid rotation of the aforesaid cleaning
and polishing brushes. There is a winch handle fixed on the before-mentioned
horizontal spindle for imparting rotary motion to the aforesaid brushes through the
medium of the spur and bevil wheels and pinions above described.
If desirablo a treadlo and crank may be substituted for the toothed wheel and
pinion above described.
AN IMPROVED GLOVE FASTENING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1870. A communication
from abroad by Clarence R. Ferguson, of Washington, District of Columbia,
United States of America.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED GLOVE FASTENING." A com-
munication.
My Invention relates to buttons designed for fastening gloves, and it consists in
attaching to the under side of the button two arms or clasps, which upon turning
the button act as levers to draw together the parts of the glove.
The outer ends of the arms are provided with hooks to fasten into eyes to be
secured to the glove, or one arm may be provided with an eye to be permanently
sewed or otherwise attached to the glove, leaving only one arm to be attached and
detached as required in fastening and unfastening the glove. By means of semi-
circular slots in the arms the hooks are allowed to pass beyond the line of strain,
which would cause them to unfold, and the strain is caught upon the pivoted end
of the opposite arm which acts as a stop and secures the arms in the proper
position.
To release the fastening it is only necessary to turn the button slightly until the
strain is thrown outside of the line of strain, and the arms immediately unfold.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' BOOTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Dean at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th December 1876.
JAMES DEAN, of Derby. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' BOOTS."
This Invention relates to an improved form or arrangement of a ladies boot fitted
with an anklet or "knickerbocker," that is to say, with a part extending above
the top of the ordinary boot and so forming a protective covering to the lower part
of the leg.
The knickerbocker is attached to the top of the boot by sewing it to the back
part thereof, its lower edge being made to cover or overlap the top of the boot and
thus prevent the stocking being seen between the junction of the two parts.
The back and front of the knickerbocker are formed of kid leather or other
suitable material, and at each side is inserted a broad elastic side spring, like those
in the boot, so that it fits accurately to the leg but without undue pressure.
The front of the knickerbocker is fastened at the top and bottom by a metal
fastening of the usual kind, and if necessary by a button on the front of the boot;
inside the knickerbocker the boot is fitted with the usual loops so that it
may be as
readily drawn on as though the knickerbocker was not attached thereto; in this
way the knickerbocker can be readily fastened by the wearer and at the same time
a close, accurate, and comfortable fit is secured.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DIRECT-ACTING STEAM PUMPS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO PUMPS WORKED BY COMPRESSED AIR OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis William Crossley and George
Alfred Bridgett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March
1876.
FRANCIS WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Great Marlborough Street, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, and GEORGE ALFRED BRIDGETT, of 18, Clifford
Street, in Manchester, aforesaid, Draughtsman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DIRECT-ACTING
STEAM PUMPS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO PUMPS WORKED BY COMPRESSED AIR OR OTHER
FLUID PRESSURE."
Our Invention relates to a construction and mode of operating the valves of
pumps which are worked directly from a piston moved in a cylinder by steam,
compressed air, or other fluid pressuro, the admission and emission of the working
fluid being governed by a valve or slide moved by the pressure of the working
fluid admitted to act on it through ports governed by the piston or by tappets
moved by the piston.
Our improvements consist in adapting to a pump so worked a slide of a kind
similar to a steam slide in lieu of the clack or other valves ordinarily employed for
the passage of the water to and from the pump barrel, and in working such slide by
connecting it directly to the slide of the working cylinder, so as to be moved by
and simultaneously with it.
We prefer to employ for the working cylinder a slide constructed and operating
as described in the Specification to a Patent granted to the said G. A. Bridgett
on the 28th August 1875, No. 3028, the said slide being moved by the pressure
of the working fluid admitted to act on it through ports governed by the working
piston.
The pump slide moved as above described by its connection with the steam slide
may be of the known D form or of the cylindrical form, so as to govern in the
usual way the communications between the pump barrel and the suction and
discharge ports, in accord with the movements of the pump piston. We prefer
however to employ for the pump a slide of the kind described as applied for steam
in a Provisional Specification filed by the said G. A. Bridgett on the 21st February
1868, No. 577, the said slide consisting of a frame with transverse bars moved
over ports both in the cylinder face and also in the face of the slide cover, whereby
the slide is balanced in respect of pressure and the ports are rapidly opened and
closed, and when opened give a large area of passage with a short stroke of slide.
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR GAUGING AND MIXING CONCRETE AND OTHER MATERIALS."
Year: 1876

page_text: " AN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wosley William Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1876.
WESLEY WILLIAM WILSON, of the City and County of Dublin, Ireland.
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR GAUGING AND MIXING CONCRETE AND OTHER MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to an improved machine for gauging or mixing in their
proper proportions materials for making concrete or mortar.
The machine consists of a kind of endless chain of buckets fitted to overlap one
another, so as to form a continuous jointed trough which travels in a horizontal
direction, and receives the materials from separate hoppers provided with adjustable
gauges to regulate the quantity of material delivered. Mixers or blades work in
the trough to mix the materials to a certain extent before they are passed into the
mixing machine.
The buckets have only a bottom and two sides, which overlap those of the
succeeding buckets so as to form a continuous trough, as above mentioned. They
are attached to endless chains passing round chain wheels or drums on horizontal
shafts, to one of which power is applied to drive the endless trough. The latter
travels beneath two or more hoppers in succession, which open at bottom into the
trough, and contain the one, say, sand or ballast, and the other cement. The trough
may first receive the sand or ballast, which fills it to a certain height (regulated by
an adjustable gauge roller mounted next to the hopper), and then the cement which
further fills the trough to a height regulated by an adjustable scraper or plate. As
the trough travels onwards with its charge the latter meets a pair of blades
working rapidly to and fro across, near the bottom of the trough, which undercut
the face of the materials and cause the cement to fall down over the face of the
ballast, thereby mixing the materials considerably before they are delivered by the
trough to the mixing machine.
The mixing blades are driven by crank and spur gear from the shaft of one of the
chain drums.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Dalziel Dougall, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1876.
JAMES DALZIEL DOUGALL, the younger, of Saint James's Street, in the County of
Middlesex. " IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES."
My Invention relates to metal and other cartridges, and consists in so constructing
them that an increased projective power is obtained with less powder than that
employed in cartridges of the ordinary construction, whilst at the same time the
amount of recoil is considerably reduced.
In cartridges of the ordinary construction the chamber for containing the powder
is made cylindrical through the base or end of the chamber containing the detonating
cap being made flat. Now according to my Invention I form the base or end of
the chamber containing the cap of a conical, spherical, or tapered form, whereby the
space for containing the powder is reduced, and consequently a saving is effected in
the amount of powder required to charge the cartridge, whilst by reason of the
spherical, conical, or tapered form of the base the projective power of powder is
increased and the recoil considerably diminished.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONVERTIBLE SEATS, DESKS, TABLES, AND SUCH LIKE.
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William James Dale at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1876.
WILLIAM JAMES DALE, of Cury, in the County of Cornwall, and of 67, Strand,
in the City of Westminster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONVERTIBLE SEATS, DESKS,
TABLES, AND SUCH LIKE.'
The Invention has reference to the seats of convertible school seats, desks, and
tables, or parts thereof, and consists in constructing and placing said seats so that
they shall be only capable of seating two persons and no more, and the placing
two or more of such seats in such fashion that a space or passage way may be left
between every seat by which persons may have easy access to and from such seats,
and thus prevent one interfering with the other, or their scrambling over and on
the seat or seats to get in or out of their places as at present.
The desks or tables used with the improved seat or seats may be of any ordinary
convertible kind and of any desired length, and when not used as desks or tables
arranged to form a more or less continuous back to the improved seats.
Further, the Invention embraces the giving various angles of slope to the desk,
when used as such, by means of a metal slide fitted at the joint of the desk standard
made to slide and work therein or thereon, furnished with holes to receive a
regulating pin or thumbscrew.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL SCHOOL SLATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hansmann and Hermann
Neumann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September
1876.
JOSEPH HANSMANN, of Croydon, in the County of Surrey, Tailor, and HERMANN
NEUMANN, of Cheapside, in the City of London, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL SCHOOL SLATES."
The object of this Invention is to manufacture artificial school slates in such
manner that they shall possess the appearance of real slate, and be more durable
than the artificial ones at present in use. For this purpose we employ sheets, slabs,
plates, or tablets, of wood preferring those made of pine, deal, or cedar, and on
these sheets, slabs, plates, or tablets a composition or compound consisting of Berlin
black, pumicestone, and gold size, mixed well together is then spread or laid thereon
with a knife or other flat bladed instrument, and afterwards dried by heat.
Oil of turpentine may sometimes be added to the composition or compound.
We have found the following proportions yield a good result, but we do not
confine ourselves to these exact proportions as they may be varied.
Berlin black
Pumicestone
and Gold size
4 parts,
6 parts,
-
1 part.
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1876

page_text: 40 UITO Относ
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1876.
ROBERT HALL PLUSH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IN PUMPS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention has for its object the construction of lift and force pumps in a
novel and simple manner whereby cheapness of construction and simplicity of parts
are obtained.
In constructing a pump according to my Invention I make the barrel or cylinder
of the pump of any known form, fitted at its lower end with any suitable description
of foot or suction valve, either in a distinct valve box or fitted to the end of the pump.
The novelty of my Invention consists in providing the pump barrel or cylinder with
a hollow ram or plunger. The head or outer end of such hollow rain or plunger is
provided with a discharge or delivery valve, either in a distinct valve box attached
to the head of the hollow ram or plunger, or fitted in the head or outer end of the
hollow ram or plunger. The hollow ram or plunger works by preference on a
slipper or other suitable guide. From the discharge or delivery valve at the head
of the hollow ram or plunger I continue a pipe of inside diameter equal to the inside
diameter of the hollow ram or plunger. This pipe works in a suitable stuffing box
from which is led the discharge or delivery pipe of the pump.
The pump can be worked by any known suitable mechanical means.
IMPROVED AUTOMATICAL APPARATUS FOR SHUTTING COCKS OF GAS, STEAM, WATER, OR OTHER FLUIDS OR LIQUIDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oscher Ber at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th August 1876.
"AN
OSCHER BER, of Paris, Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Civil Engineer.
IMPROVED AUTOMATICAL APPARATUS FOR SHUTTING COCKS OF GAS, STEAM, WATER,
OR OTHER FLUIDS OR LIQUIDS."
This Invention relates to apparatus for automatically shutting cocks at a
determined time, such as the cocks of gas pipes, steam, or water pipes. For this
purpose I mount beside the cock to be operated on an axis having an arm connected
to or arranged to bear against the lever handle of the cock, and also on the opposite
side of the axis an arm loaded with a weight, which so long as it is not counterpoised,
keeps the cock open. I provide also a receptacle for sand mounted on arms pro-
jecting from the axis, which receptacle is gradually filled from a similar receptacle
above provided with a regulating sluice. When sufficient sand has run into the
lowor receptacle to overbalance the weight, the axis is caused to turn partly round,
and its arm acting on the cock handle causes the cock to be closed.
In order to regulate the time during which the cock has to remain open, I rest
the weight upon an adjusting screw, or slide it along the arm and set it farther from
or nearer to the axis, so that it will require more or less sand to flow into the lower
receptacle in order to overbalance it.
IMPROVEMENT
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Butler at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May 1876.
GEORGE BUTLER, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey.
FURNACES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My Invention has for its object the consumption of smoke and the economizing
of fuel in furnaces, and consists in certain improvements to be applied to the front
and door of the furnaco whereby air is automatically admitted simultaneously with
the opening of the door and caused to pass in a baffled course through suitablo
chambers and be discharged in a heated condition into the furnace.
In carrying out my Invention I form in the furnace front over the door a
chamber containing plates, which are provided with slots arranged bafflowise, or sɔ
as to break joint, whereby the air which is admitted through openings in the front
is conducted in an indirect course into the furnace. These openings are fitted with a
valve or slide actuated automatically by the hinge pin of the door in such a
manner that when the door is opened for the purpose of charging the furnace with
fuel the valve or slide will be moved automatically so as to uncover the openings,
thereby allowing air to enter the chamber.
The furnace door is fitted on its interior with a series of perforated plates forming
chambers, into which any air which does not pass into the furnace by the outlets
from the upper chamber will enter, and through the perforations of which (arrange
bafilewise) it will be conducted in an indirect course and discharged into the
furnace.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Alfred Cowper at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1876.
EDWARD ALFRED COWPER, of No. 6, Great George Street, Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES."
This Invention relates to a construction and mode of operating centrifugal
machines, whereby the substances treated in such machines can be discharged
therefrom without stopping their rotation. For this purpose I construct the cage
in two parts, an inner and an outer part, each formed of a series of rings one above
another with spaces between. When the rings of the outer part are coincident
with the rings of the inner part, these spaces are left open between the rings, thus
giving a very free passage from the inside of the machine. But when the rings of
the one part are placed over the spaces between the rings of the other part the
openings are closed.
The outside of the rings forming the inner part are turned true, and the inside
of the rings forming the outer part are bored out true, so that the one part can be
caused to slide freely and truly over the other by means of suitable collars acted on
by a clutch lever and cam, or by screw, hydraulic, or other power. In certain cases,
where necessary, the outside surface of the inner part and inside surface of the
outer part may be provided with fine grooves to allow of the escape of liquid more
freely.
The liquid or semi-liquid matter to be acted upon is, by preference, introduced
into the centre of the machine at the top, and arms or radial diaphragms are pro-
vided to impart to it rotation, and, when necessary, perforated boxes or chambera
are provided having radial arms or diaphragms in their interior to receive the
matter before it passes into the body of the machine, and thereby to prevent the
stirring up or dislodgement of the material being acted upon in the interior of the
machine. When the material has been sufficiently acted on by centrifugal force,
and the one part of the machine is about to be moved so as to open the spaces
between the bars, it is convenient, in some cases, to provide several small valves
וע6....מח

page_text: opened a little by the first part of the motion so as to let out any superfluous liquid
that may remain in the machine after the supply is cut off. Then on the machine
being fully opened, that is to say, the rings of the one part being slid into a position
coincident with the rings of the other part, the material will at once fly out through
the spaces between the bars.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HATS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Ashworth at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 26th August 1876.
ADAM ASHWORTH, of Hooley Hill, in the County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HATS."
This Invention relates principally to the construction of felt hats, but it may
also be applied to silk hats with equal advantage.
I take an ordinary felt hat and cut or punch a small orifice in the crown or tip,
through which I pass an eyelet with prongs or teeth on the under side; this eyelet
is secured to the outside of the hat by a flange, I then take a match box or case for
holding matches, through the bottom of which I form a similar opening to that in
the crown of the hat, and pass the prongs or teeth of the eyelet (which hang down
the interior of the hat) through the same, the prongs are then bent back which
thereby grip and hold the match box firmly to the crown of the hat.
It will be evident that this opening in the crown of the hat will also act as a
ventilator.
•
The object to be gained by this Invention is to afford convenience to smokers of
tobacco and cigars by being enabled to have ready access to and a safety place
for their matches or fusces instead of the dangerous practice of carrying them in
the pocket as hitherto.
The boxes or cases may be made of any suitable material, such as tin, wood, or
paper, and may in some cases be fastened to the hat by rivetting or stitching, but
1 prefer the method above described
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR KNITTING HEALDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Haydock and Thomas Blackburn
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1876.
JAMES HAYDOCK, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Heald Manufacturer,
and THOMAS BLACKBURN, of the same Place, Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR KNITTING HEALDS."
Our Invention is applicable in knitting spaced healds, that is to say, healds in
which spaces are left between the cross threads to suit the pattern to be woven.
Our improved machinery consists of an endless pattern chain passing around
toothed drums, one of which is driven by a crank on the second motion shaft, or in
any other convenient manner. The pattern chain is made with projections acting
on the upright arm of an elbow lever, the horizontal arm of which is connected by
links to the drag fork. When the machine is at work, as long as no peg on the
pattern chain comes against the vertical arm of the elbow lever, the drag fork
remains down and the heald is knitted as in the ordinary machines, but as soon as
a space is required in the heald a peg comes against the elbow lever and lifts the
drag fork out of reach of the yarn. By regulating the number and position of the
pegs in the pattern chain the spaces in the heald can be varied according to the
requirements of the pattern.
In order to prevent slack in the yarn when knitting the spaces in the heald we
apply a pad of flannel or other suitable material between the drag fork and the
ordinary whorling band.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO SLIDING BOXES' FOR HOLDING AND CONTAINING MATCHES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Johnson Aspinall at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1876.
ALFRED JOHNSON ASPINALL, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO SLIDING BOXES' FOR HOLDING AND CONTAINING
MATCHES AND OTHER ARTICLES."
My Invention relates to certain improvements in that class of boxes known as
sliding boxes, that is, with an interior box sliding within an outer case or cover,
and consists in forming the bottom of the interior box with a slot at each end
to receive an elastic ring or band, which is passed lengthways round the bottom of
the box and between the slots; the elastic ring is then passed round the bottom
of the case or cover, which is likewise slotted in a corresponding manner to receive
the elastic ring or band. When the boxes are covered with labels or wrappers such
wrappers are made to fold over the bottom of the box and to overlap where they
are pasted together, so that the clastic ring will work freely between the wrapper
and the box.
The advantages of my Invention are that the box is always held closed by the
action of the elastic ring, and by pressure of the thumb or finger at either end of
the box it will slide open, and upon pressure being removed the box automatically
closes.
In filling sliding match boxes it is the practice to overfill them so that the body
of matches presses against the cover and prevents the box falling open.
My Invention enables the boxes to be evenly filled, and thus a saving is obtained
and danger from fire by the matches igniting by friction or otherwise is obviated.
My Invention is applicable to all classes of sliding boxes, but is more particularly
advantageous to sliding match boxes.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPLYING GLASS TO RIBBONS OF TEXTILE OR ELASTIC FABRICS FOR ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Charles March at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1876.
THOMAS CHARLES MARCH, of 6, Pall Mall Place, London, Gentleman. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPLYING GLASS TO RIBBONS OF TEXTILE OR ELASTIC FABRICS FOR
ARTICLES OF DRESS."
This Invention of improvements in applying glass to ribbons of textile or elastic
fabrics for articles of dress, consists in a novel way of attaching flattened or
partially flattened glass ornaments, plain, colored, or silvered, such as half beads,
imitation of flowers, leaves, cameos, or other objects, by cement, such as gelatine
dissolved in acetic acid, or other suitable cement to such articles as ribbons of velvet,
silk, etc., whereby a very beautiful effect is produced, and the seamtress or milliner
is enabled easily to attach the same to ladies' dresses by simply sewing on the
ribbon.
The beads or other ornaments can be opaque or transparent, and in the latter
case may be silvered on the flat side, and thus produce a bright appearance. The
half beads or other ornaments can be cemented on to narrow bands elastic or other-
wise so as to be concealed by the ornaments, and yet to be held together by the
band so as to form for instance a necklace, bracelet, armlet, or band for the hair.
The ornamented ribbon will also be available for the same purposes.
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Sample at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1876.
JAMES SAMPLE, of Blyth, in the County of Northumberland.
GOVERNOR FOR MARINE ENGINES."
"AN IMPROVED
My improved governor for marine engines consists of a small cylinder fixed in
any convenient place near the throttle valve, and may be supplied with steam by a
pipe from the boiler. A piston works within the said cylinder, and is connected
by suitable means to the throttle valve spindle, so that as the piston moves to and
fro the aperture of the throttle valve for the passage of the steam is thereby
regulated. The admission of steam into the cylinder to work the said piston is
governed by a sinall slide valve actuated by a rod from the pendulum, which as the
pendulum sways to one side or the other opens a corresponding port of the cylinder
to admit steam to act upon the piston therein.
To prevent undue sensitiveness of the apparatus the upper part of the pendulum
rod extends above the point of suspension and is formed into a sector having cogs
or teeth on its upper rim. These cogs or tooth gear into a cog wheel, which
working through a multiplying train of wheels gives notion to a fly or fly wheel.
The pitching of the vessel gives the necessary motion to the pendulum, which
may be provided with a friction wheel running in guides to secure it from the
influence of the ship's rolling.
The action of the apparatus would be as follows:-Assuming the head of the
vessel to be dipping the stern would consequently be out of water, when the pen-
dulum maintaining the perpendicular line would open that port of the cylinder,
which would admit steam to so act on the piston as to cause the same to reduce the
opening of the throttle valve.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Martin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1876.
WILLIAM MARTIN, of No. 343, Oldham Road, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Fustian Cutter. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER."
This Invention consists of an improved method of obtaining motive power, being
specially adapted for tram cars and other vehicles.
Instead of water being being placed in the boiler I pour petroleum or other oil into
the boiler which on being heated becomes a gas or vapour, which passes into
the cylinder of engine, and which gas or vapour acting on the piston of the cylinder
becomes a motive power, the vapour passes after leaving the engine into an exhaust
chamber conveniently situated, and thence passing through perforated plates into
another chamber or receptacle, or it may be condensed and run into a cistern or
vessel in connection with the engine or engines. I proposo, in the first instance,
steeping coke in the oil for getting up the pressure, which coke or other material is
placed under the boiler, afterwards the exhaust vapour supplies the heat, as before
described, thus dispensing with coals or water; the Invention may be applied to
any engines either cylinder or rotary.
The boiler is heated by means of gas jets placed thereunder, which can be regu-
lated as desired.
PROVEMENTS IN SKATES FOR ROAD OR RINK, AND IN THE ROLLERS OR WHEELS CONNECTED WITH THE SAME."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cheshire at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1876.
" CERTAIN IM-
JOHN CHESHIRE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
PROVEMENTS IN SKATES FOR ROAD OR RINK, AND IN THE ROLLERS OR WHEELS
CONNECTED WITH THE SAME."
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in the construc-
tion of skates for road or rink, and in the rollers or wheels connected with the same.
1st. My Invention has reference to the construction of a skate for which I employ
the foot board usually adopted; at each end is a support, carrying the axis upon
which rotates the rollers or wheels, the said support working freely upon a pin or
pivot, passing from axis to axis is a rod, in the centre of which is arranged two
cogged plates intersected with cach other, the rod is acted upon by a metallic plate
with a spring underneath, and having at its base a forked guide, and passing over
the rod, so that when pressure is applied by the foot the required gyratory motion
is obtained.
2nd. I may dispense with the ordinary strappings that is used for secureing the
skates to the foot, and for this purpose I employ a metallic plato or plates divided,
but working upon a pin or centre, and attached to the upper part of the foot board,
these plates have a ridge upon each edgo which is used for grasping the sole of the
boot, being secured or released by means of a screw passing through the said plates.
3rd. Part of my Invention relates to the ends of the rollers or wheels being con-
structed with a recess, having a check or seat at its edge in which is securely
affixed a disc of sheet metal, so that when the axis is oiled no oil can escape to the
wheels or floor as hitherto, the recess answering as a receptacle for the oil, and
continuously supplying the axis, thereby facilitating the motion thereby diminishing
the friction and producing cleanliness, the cotter pin passing through the axis to
secure the wheels is immediately below the disc of metal, and and therefore having
no projections as hitherto no damage can arise to the dress.
4th. I construct a roller or wheel resembling in form to a barrel having a series
of grooves or lines upon the body or periphery, the object of which is that when in
motion a grip or security is imparted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ADVERTISING PLAYING CARDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Anthon Steenberg at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1876 A communication from
Lauritz Heymann Block, Merchant, residing in Copenhagen, Denmark.
ANTHON STEENBERG, Patent Agent, of Copenhagen, Denmark, now temporarily
residing at 8, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ADVERTISING
PLAYING CARDS." A communication.
This Invention relates to the utilization of playing cards as an advertising
medium.
The necessity for convenient means of advertising is very great and is daily
increasing, therefore an Invention which furnishes a new channel for this purpose is
of very great utility to manufacturers and others.
This object is accomplished by my improved manufacture of playing cards with
advertisements printed or otherwise displayed upon them in the following manner,
that is to say: The back of the card is properly prepared for printing or otherwise
producing the advertisements, notices, or announcenients It is preferably divided
into columns or spaces each of which is utilized for one advertisement
It is very
important that the printed or other matter produced on the back of all the cards of
a pack shall be exactly the same, and great care must therefore be taken in the
preparation of the cards and in printing or marking of the same, so that no card has
on its back any flaw or other peculiarity whereby it may be distinguished from the
other cards of the same pack, and the printing or marking on the back of these
cards must be produced thereon without impairing their smoothness or uniformity
of surface. It will therefore be readily understood that the manufacture of these
advertising playing cards is very different to the manufacture of ordinary printed
cards or the like.
In some instances I also form a border or margin around the face of the cards
and utilize the same for advertising.
The great utility and advantage of this Invention will be readily apparent; these
improved playing cards cost no more than ordinary playing cards, while the great

page_text: numbers continually being distributed and used ensure a very wide circulation of
the advertisements on them amongst all classes of people, and the manner in which
playing cards are used prevents any possibility of the advertisements not being seen
and read by those who use them.
IN PLANING, SHAPING, SLOTTING, AND OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Bailey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1876.
GEORGE BAILEY, of Crewe, in the County of Chester, Engineer.
IN PLANING, SHAPING, SLOTTING, AND OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention consists in applying two cutting tools to planing, shaping, slotting
and other similar machines, which tools are brought alternately into and out of
operation, so that one of the tools is always in action as the article to, be operated
upon is moved to and fro. Each c ting tool is fixed in a separate slide forming a
duplex tool box, and these slides are raised and lowered alternately by a double cam
fixed on a shaft on which is a worm wheel, which is turned partly round by a
worm fixed on the same shaft as a pulley.
The ordinary self-acting feed gearing is connected to a lever which is fixed to a
driving pulley, and as this lever is moved up and down by the feed gearing a band
from the driving pulley gives motion to the pulley on the worm shaft, and
thereby raises one of the tools and depresses the other; or the cam shaft may
be acted upon by a lever direct from the feed gearing, or in any other convenient
manner.
By this Invention a great saving in time is effected, as the machine is rendered
double acting, that is to say, one tool is always in operation both in the forward and
in the return stroke.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING UP CITRON, CANDIED LEMON, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Thomson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1876.
DAVID THOMSON, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster. "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING UP CITRON, CANDIED LEMON, AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES."
In a suitable framework I mount an open disc or drum, and fasten thereto in
one arrangement a series of small knives or cutters at short distances apart, and at
another part of the disc a straight knife or cutting edge extending across the whole
width of the machine.
In the front of the apparatus I have a piece of wood or other material to serve as
a feeding table for the articles to be cut, and above that place a roller studded with
points or projections for holding the citron or other substances when being cut.
When the disc is caused to revolve by a handle and wheels, and citron or other
substances fed to the machine, the series of small knives first act on the articles,
nicking or cutting it longitudinally, and upon the disc being further revolved the
straight knife or cutting edge comes in contact with it and severs it completely, s0
cutting the article into a number of small pieces, provision being made for altering
or regulating the size of the pieces to be cut by means of the feed roller. Or instead
of the spiked roller for feeding and holding the articles, the same result may be
obtained by covering the disc or roller with a metal cover having either projections
or recesses for carrying forward and holding the articles, in this case the machine
being fed from the top.
JMPROVED MECHANICAL REGULATOR APPLICABLE TO SEVERAL PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Desiré Sival at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1876.
DÉSIRÉ SIVAL, of the Firm Sival, frères, of Lyon (France), Manufacturer.
JMPROVED MECHANICAL REGULATOR APPLICABLE TO SEVERAL PURPOSES."
" AN
The object of iny Invention is an apparatus to regulate the tension in unwinding
and winding threads, fabrics, ribbons, papers, and other flexible substances, from
and upon cylinders, rollers, cloth beams, and similar instruments contained in the
machines employed in a great number of manufactories.
My apparatus or regulator consists in fixing either directly or indirectly upon the
axis of the winding and unwinding roller of a smooth or untoothed wheel turned
evenly and perfectly centred. This wheel is moved by a lever carrying an iron bar
jointed to the lever, and in contact at its other end, which is rounded with the
circumference of the wheel, and there supporting it. Another similar arm jointed
to the frame of the machine bears also at its extremity rounded like the other upon
the same wheel, and serves to maintain it and prevents it from revolving backwards.
These two arms, one of which draws the wheel while the other retains it, fulfil the
office of two ratchets or catches in gear with toothed wheel. The friction of my
regulator is as continuous and more effective in regulating the winding and un-
winding, or the tension of the warp threads of fabrics and other bands of flexible
material, as that of the more ordinary regulators.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS OF MECHANISM OR APPARATUS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES IN MILLS, WAREHOUSES, AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Pearn and Sinclair Pearn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1876.
FRANK PEARN and SINCLAIR PEARN, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS OF MECHANISM OR
APPARATUS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES IN MILLS, WAREHOUSES, AND OTHER
BUILDINGS."
Our Invention is more particularly applicable where a constant supply of water
from ahead of water" is not available, and may be used with the greatest advan-
tage where there are steam generators having a constant supply day and night of
steam of more or less pressure, as is the case in mills or manufactories and other
buildings.
Our Invention consists in combining two steam pumps together, connected by a
crank shaft with the two cranks at right angles to each other. The inlet valves of
the pumps are always left in communication with the water supply, and the outlet
valves with pipes communicating with pipes which extend to the building to be
protected against fire, such pipes being further extended from floor to floor of such
building.
At suitable places and in each room there are one or more outlets, to which
lengths of hose or swivel jet pipes may be readily attached, and there is a cock at
each outlet whore the water is required. The valve box of the steam cylinders
of the steam pumps are in constant communication with the steam generators, and
the pressure of the steam in the boilers is acting to work the pumps at all times, but
as long as there is no escape of water from the outlet valves the pumps will bo
stationary, the water in the pipes being at full pressure, but the moment any of the
outlet cocks is opened the steam pumps will begin to work and keep up the supply
of water.
By our improved arrangement the moment a fire is discovered in any room of
the building all that is required is to turn the cock and direct the jet of water on
the fire, and by this means that time most valuable at the commencement of a fire
is saved, as there is no loss of time in going to the steam engine to set the pumps to
work as there is with pumps as ordinarily arranged for supplying water to extin-
guish fires.