Improvements in Internal Combustion or Explosion Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 27th May, 1899
(Communicated from abroad by JEAN JACQUES HEILMANN, of 19, Rue Cambon,
Paris, in the French Republic, Engineer.)
Improvements in Internal Combustion or Explosion Engines.
I, WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS, of 70, Market Street, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to explosion or internal combustion engines, and its
objects are to produce a compact well balanced engine and to effect a reduction
in the weight as compared with that of existing engines of the same type and
power. Motors constructed according to these improvements are therefore
particularly adapted for use on motor cars, in boats and the like, where freedom
from vibration and a compact form are particularly necessary.
I will describe these improvements as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which;-
Figure 1 shews a vertical section parallel with the axes of the cylinders, and
Figure 2, a vertical section perpendicular to the axes of the cylinders.
The engine illustrated consists of two parallel open ended cylinders cc, each
containing two pistons ? 2. The two pistons p at one end of the engine, are
connected by their connecting rods b, with the side lever 7, fulcrumed at æ.
This side lever in turn is connected by the rod f, to the crank k, on the engine
shaft a.
In like manner, the pistons at the opposite end of the motor are
connected through the rod 1, side lever 1, and rod fi, with the crank arranged
at 180° from k. In a modified construction there may be three cranks instead
of two, one of which would occupy the position and the other two the
position, one on each side of the plane of k¹. In this case the side lever
would have two parallel rods connecting it with the two cranks k. This arrange-
ment ensures the better balancing of the engine and does not add materially
to the weight, since each of the two connecting rods f and the crank, may be
made lighter than the single ones because they have to transmit only one half
of the power.
It follows from the lierein before described construction and arrangement that
during a single rotation of the shaft a, the two pistons in each cylinder are
displaced in opposite directions and that the forces of inertia neutralise them-
selves.
The aspiration of the gaseous mixture, its compression, explosion and exhaus-
tion, take place between the pistons in each cylinder at c, and following the four
cycle system, there is an explosion in each cylinder for every two revolutions
of the engine shaft a, and the distribution is arranged, as for example through
the gearing g, in such a manner that the two cylinders work consecutively,
that is to say that there is an explosion or motive effort at every revolution of
the shaft a

page_text: The distribution and ignition may be effected according to any suitable
known system, as these improvements do not apply to them but only to the
general mechanical construction and arrangement. Any similar motor system
may be employed which produces an explosion or motive effort at every second
revolution of the engine shaft when in full work.
It will be seen that the adoption of these improvements ensures an important
economy in weight, the use of the two cylinders as described permitting the
power developed to be doubled without sensibly increasing the weight of the
motor, inasmuch as all the lower part of the engine has the same weight whether
one or two cylinders be employed.
The pressure upon the pistons produces upon the side lever fulcra equal efforts
which balance themselves across the framing of the engine. These fulera may
be mounted at the extremities of two stays in such a manner that the effort will
be exerted solely upon the stays.
The lower part of the engine framing constitutes an enclosed oil bath m as
shewn by the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In explosion or internal combustion engines which give one motive effort
for every two revolutions of the engine shaft, the combination and arrangement
of two cylinders each containing two pistons which act two by two, upon two
side levers connected with cranks fixed at 180° on the engine shaft, the distri-
bution being so, arranged that an explosion takes place alternately in the two
cylinders and once for each rotation of the engine shaft, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In engines of the type set forth in the first claim, the combination and
arrangement of two cylinders each containing two pistons, with two side levers,
two or three cranks set at 180°, connecting rods communicating the piston
motions to the side levers and thence to the cranks, and an oil bath contained in-
the engine casing, substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated by
the accompanying drawings.
Doted thi
1
c
1
1000