CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SWEEPING OR CLEANING CHIMNIES, ALSO FOR MORE EFFECTUALLY EXTINGUISHING THEM WHEN ON FIRE."
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward William Kemble Turner, of Praed
Street, Paddington, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention
of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SWEEPING OR
CLEANING CHIMNIES, ALSO FOR MORE EFFECTUALLY EXTINGUISHING THEM
WHEN ON FIRE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward William
Kemble Turner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 2nd October 1852.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM KEMBLE TURNER, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SWEEPING OR CLEANING CHIMNIES, ALSO FOR MORE EFFECTUALLY EXTIN-
GUISHING THEM WHEN ON FIRE," to be as follows:-
In describing my Invention it will be necessary to contrast it with
the machines now in general use, and known as Glass' machine, which
consist of a handle composed of lengths of cane, having screw
joints, and a head firmly fixed thereto, and holding small strips of
whalebone at right angles with the handle, and forming a round flat

page_text: brush, with a guide wheel at the top. In operation this brush is found
to work very imperfectly, pressing hard against some portions of the
chimney, especially the slopes, while it scarcely touches others, and
from the right-angular position of the brush it is very hard work in
high chimmies.
My improvements consist in causing the brush, while ascending, to
take a simi-collapsed. position, forming a descending angle of about
forty-five degrees; this is effected by having a circular block free to
slide on the handle, around the perephery of which is cut a V-groove.
At right angles with the face of the block are cut a series of notches to
receive the shanks of as many metal sockets; these shanks are pierced
to receive a wire, which passes through them and round the V-groove
alternately, which holds them together; the sockets enlarge as they
recede from the centre; into these sockets. the whalebone or other ma-
terial is placed, which forms the brush; above the circular block
described is placed another block, which is fixed on the handle, imme-
diately below the guide wheel; under the block first described is a
fixed piece to prevent the said block from slipping too low.
While ascending, the machine will glide easily on, having no resist-
ance from the brush; but on descending, the sides of the chimney will
form a fulcrum for the brush, causing the socket block to rise, when
the tails of the sockets will be pressed against the upper block, thereby
causing the sockets to lift, and be held firmly at right angles with the
handle.
.
To keep the head of the machine in the centre of the chimney I usc
a ball and socket joint of a new construction, the socket being elon-
gated; screwed to the top is a cap, having a female screw on the
outside, and a stud piece projecting downwards on the inside, and
nearly touching the ball; the top of the ball, when in the socket,
presents a hollow to the point of the stud, which it is cut to fit; upon
being raised, the hollow ball will take on to the stud, and hold the
machine fast while ascending. The stud being released, the head of
the machine will be free to take its position in the line of least resist-
ance, viz, the centre, thus sweeping every part of the chimney
effectually.

page_text: In extinguishing chimnies when on fire I use a modification of the
above principle, using smaller sockets, or part of the socket, and substi-
tuting for the whalebone spring wire scrapers of any desired form
suitable for the purpose. Should it be desirable to use both heads at.
one operation it can easily be accomulished
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward William Kemble Turner in the Great
Seal Patent Office, on the 2nd April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
EDWARD WILLIAM KEMBLE TURNER, of Praed Street, Paddington, in
the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by 'Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto inc, the said Edward William Kemble Turner, t
Her special licence that I, the said Edward William Kemble Turner,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Edward William Kemble Turner, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, .
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SWEEPING OR CLEANING CHIMNIES, ALSO
FOR MORE EFFECTUALLY EXTINGUISHING THEM WHEN ON FIRE," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward William
Kemble Turner, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward William Kemble
Turner, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists in certain improvements, which for the better
understanding thereof it will be necessary to contrast with the
machines now used, and known as Glass's machine, which consists of
a handle composed of lengths of cane, having screw joints, and a head
firmly fixed thereon, holding small strips of whalebone at right angles
with the handle, and forming a circular flat brush, with a guide wheel
at the top. In operation this brush is found to work very imperfectly,
from its pressing hard against some portions of the chimney, especially
the upper side of the slopes, while it scarcely touches the others, and
from the right-angular position of the brush it is very difficult to work
in high or crooked chimneys.
My improvements cause the brush to ascend in a semi-collapsed.
form, by having on the handle a freely sliding block, at the top of which,
and attached thereto, is a notch piece, with a groove around its peri-
phery at right angles with the face of the block are cut a series of
notches to receive the shauks of as many metal sockets; these shanks
are pierced to receive a wire, which passes through them and round the
groove, holding them securely together. The sockets are hollow, and
of a conical form, into which the whalebone or other material is fixed,
forming a circular brush. The whaleboue or other material is held
tight in the sockets by the compression of the larger end. Above the
block described I place another block, which is screwed to the handle,
and supports the guide wheel. Under the block first described is a
fixed piece, which prevents it from slipping too low; this piece also
forms the top of the handle, and screws into the upper block.
While ascending, the machine will pass readily on, having no resist-
ance from the shape of the brush; but on descending, the sides of the
chimney will form a resistance to the brush, causing the socket block
to rise, when the tails of the sockets will be pressed against the upper
block, and cause them to lift, and be held at right angles with the handle.
To keep the head of the machine in the centre of the chimney, about

page_text: twelve inches below the head described, I use my improved ball and
socket joint, the socket of which is elongated; and screwed to the top is a
cap having a female screw, or a ferrule, to receive the cane or handle on
the outside; at the bottom of the cap is a stud piece, projecting down-
wards, and nearly touching the ball, the top of which is provided with
a hollow space, suited to the form of the stud, and which receives the
same. Upon being raised, the hollow ball will take on to the stud, and
thus hold the machine fast while ascending; but on descending, the
stud being released, the head of the machine will be free to take its
position in the line of least resistance, viz., the centre of the chimney,
thus sweeping every part effectually.
For the purpose of extinguishing fire in chimneys I substitute for
whalebone any material less destructible by fire, such as narrow strips.
of steel, bent to any convenient shape, or spring wire scrapers of any
suitable form. Should it be desirable at one operation.to use this in
conjunction with the brush first described, it can easily be accomplished
by removing a portion of the wood forming the sliding block, and
having a longer fixed piece.
Figure 1, represents the head of the machine as it appears when
ascending a chimney; a, the guide wheel; b, the upper block; c, a friction
wheel; d, notch picce; e, sockets; f, brushes.
Figure 2, the same shewn in section, but without the sockets or brushes.
a, the guide wheel, the arms of which rest upon a seating, (a, 1,) of
gutta percha, or any other flexible substance, and secured by the screw
, to the upper block ; c, friction wheels, d, the notch piece screwed
to and forming a part of the sliding block g, through which a square
hole is cut to receive the fixed piece h, which has a step piece i, to
prevent the block g, from slipping too low. Into this piece (,) is
inserted the cane or other material, which together will form the
handle.
Figure 3, is a representation of my improved ball and socket joint.
a, the socket; b, the ball; c, the cap.

page_text: Figure 4, a section of the same. a, the socket; b, the ball; c, the cap;
d, the stud; which by preference is made of steel, and may form any
polygonal figure.
Having now described and fully ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used and
carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
my claim to the precise details and arrangements herein described, as
other modifications may be made, without deviating from its principles;
(for example, my improved joint can be applied with great advantage
to the brushes or heads hitherto commonly used, and to other purposes
connected with the operation of sweeping chimneys;) and what I
consider to be novel, and therefore claim as 'my Invention, consists,
firstly, in the manner herein described of making machines for
sweeping or cleaning chimneys, and any modification thereof; secondly,
the improved ball and socket joint, as described and herein set forth;
thirdly, the use of spring. wire, strips of bent or twisted steel, or any
other material less destructible than whalebone, for extinguishing fire
in chimneys, as before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward William Kemble Turner,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
three.
EDWARD WILLIAM KEMBLE TURNER. (L.S.)