Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Oct., 1888
I, JULES PETER BELICARD, Civil Engineer, of 11 Ellesmere Street, Moss-Side,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows :-
:―
It consists in improvements in the mechanism of the loom whereby, by regulating
the supply of warp to the greatest nicety and ensuring the accurate cutting of the
pile by a self sharpening knife, I am enabled to produce the fabric in a condition fit
for dyeing.
The regular supply of the pile is effected by means of a roller of suitable material
placed against the pile beam resting on the pile warp and always kept in contact with
the pile warp upon the pile beam by means of a system of weighted levers which
press the roller and pile beam togother, so that as the pile warp is withdrawn from
the pile beam the roller is still pressed against it. The roller is connected by means
of a pinion wheel at its end with a set of pinions and toothed wheels suitably pivoted
at the side of the loom frame, and set in motion by means of a suitable catch, which
is driven backwards and forwards by the motion of the loom and which engages with
one or more teeth of a ratchet (or similarly toothed wheel) which forms one of the set
of toothed wheels, before mentioned. The roller thus set in motion, communicates its
motion to the pile beam, turning it a sufficient distance at each motion to deliver the
quantity of pile warp required. To obtain different heights of pile, smaller or larger
pinions are used to turn the roller. To keep the warps tight I suspend a rod of
suitable material by means of springs across the whole width of the warp, so that its
weight rests upon it.
The ground warps are kept at a proper tension by means of suitable ropes or bands,
one end of which is fastened by means of a spring to the ground or some firm support
and which is then passed one or more times round the end of the warp beam, and the
other end is affixed to a small pulley wheel pivoted at the side of the loom frame.
This pulley wheel is furnished with a number of ratchet teeth on one side and a
click is so attached to the loom frame as to catch in the teeth and prevent any

page_text: back motion. A weighted lever having a stopper on the side is pivoted on the
frame. The stopper also catches in the teeth, and the weighted lever keeps the
rope or band tight, by turning the pulley whenever it becomes slacker.
To regulate the cutting of the pile, I affix the slide upon which the knife travels,
firmly to the loom frame, and raise, or lower, the cloth to the requisite height
in front of the knife, by means of a moveable bar which I fit across the loom,
and over which the cloth passes. The knife slide being thus permanently fixed,
ensures greater steadiness and accuracy of cutting, than by the customary arrange-
ment, (in which the cloth is always at one height and the knife slide is raised
or lowered to suit the height of the pile required. A projection at each end of
the moveable bar fits into a perpendicular slot, cut at each end of the slide, to
which can be firmly fastened by means of a screw bolt passing through both
the moveable bar and the slide. To regulate the height of the pile to be cut, two
screws, the lower ends of which abut against the loom frame or other firm
support, are passed through the moveable bar, which is tapped to fit their thread,
and the revolution of these screws by means of a suitably indexed top, raises or
lowers the moveable bar and the cloth to be cut with it to the requisite height,
opposite the knife at which it is secured by means of the screwbolts beforementioned.
To keep the edge of the knife perfectly sharp, one or more sharpening surfaces are
placed at each side of the loom so that the knife passes over and under them. These
sharpening surfaces are each fitted to a hinged piece of metal or other suitable material
and are pressed against the knife by suitable spiral springs, the pressure being regu-
lated by means of a suitable thumbscrew and locking-nut.
Data 1711 J
A
11000
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent to Applicant.

page_text: I, JULES PETER BELICARD of 11 Ellesmere Street, Moss-Side, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It consists in improvements in the inechanism of the loom whereby, by regulating
the supply of warps to the greatest nicety and ensuring the accurate cutting of the
pile by a selfsharpening knife I am enabled to produce the fabric in a condition fit
for dyeing. The regular supply of the pile is effected by means of a roller of suitable
material placed against the pile beam resting on the pile warp and always kept in
contact with the pile, warp upon the pile beam by means of a system of weighted
levers-which-press-the-roller-and-pile-beam-together-so-that-as-the-pile-warp-is-
withdrawn from the pile beam the roller is still pressed against it.
The roller is connected by means of a pinion wheel at its end, with a set of pinions
and toothed wheels suitably pivoted at the side of the loom frame, and set in motion
by means of a suitable catch, which is driven backwards and forwards by the motion
of the loom and which engages with one or more teeth of a ratchet (or similarly
toothed wheel) which forms one of the set of toothed wheels, before-mentioned. The
roller thus set in motion, communicates its motion to the pile beam, turning it a
sufficient distance at each motion to deliver the quantity of pile warp required. To
obtain different heights of pile, smaller or larger pinions are used to turn the roller.
To keep the warps tight I suspend a rod of suitable material by means of springs
across the whole width of the warp, so that its weight rests upon it. The ground
warps are kept at a proper tension by means of suitable ropes or bands, one end of
which is fastened by means of a spring to the ground or some firm support and which
is then passed one or more times round the end of the warp beam, and the other end
is affixed to a small pulley wheel pivoted at the side of the loom frame. This pulley
wheel is furnished with a number of ratchet teeth on one side and a click is so attached
to the loom frame as to catch in the teeth and prevent any back motion. A weighted
lever having a stopper on the side is pivoted on the frame. The stopper also catches
in the teeth, and the weighted lever keeps the rope or band tight, by turning the
pulley whenever it becomes slacker. To regulate the cutting of the pile I affix the
slide upon which the knife travels firmly to the loom frame, and raise or lower
the cloth to the requisite height, in front of the knife by means of a moveable bar
which I fit across the loom and over which the cloth passes. The knife slide being
thus permanently fixed ensures greater steadiness and accuracy of cutting than by
the customary arrangement, in which the cloth is always at one height and the knife
slide is raised or lowered to suit the height of the pile required. A projection at
each end of the moveable bar fits into a perpendicular slot cut at each end of the
slide, to which it can be firmly fastened by means of a screw bolt passing through

page_text: both the moveable bar and the slide. To regulate the height of the pile to be cut,
two screws the lower ends of which abut against the loom frame or other firm support,
are passed through the moveable bar, which is tapped to fit their thread, and the
revolution of these screws by means of a suitably indexed top, raises or lowers the
moveable bar to the requisite height, at which it is secured by means of the screw-
bolts beforementioned. To keep the edge of the knife perfectly sharp, one or more
sharpening surfaces are placed at each side of the loom so that the knife passes over
and under them. These sharpening surfaces are each fitted to a hinged piece of
metal or other suitable material and are pressed against the knife by suitable spiral
springs, the pressure being regulated by means of a suitable thumbscrew and locking
nut.
The
In order that the foregoing may be be better understood I send herewith two sheets
of Drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of that part of the apparatus which
regulates the supply of pile warp, a indicating the actuating roller, which presses
against the pile warp, upon warp beam by the action of the weighted lever c.
actuating roller a is set in motion by means of the pinion d at its end, the endless
band 2 and the toothed wheel e which connect it with the ratchet wheel which is
actuated by the catch / set in motion by the shed or sleigh bar through the con-
necting rod 1 any back motion being prevented by the catch i. The rod is either
suspended in the manner shown, from the upper part of the loom frame by means of
spring or from rods taken up from the ground, and by its weight keeps the warps
tight between the warp rollers and the shed. Fig. 2 shows an end elevation and a
side elevation the apparatus which keeps the ground warps at a proper tension
Zindicating the ropes or bands, which are fastened to the ground or other firm
support by the coil or spiral spring then passed once or twice round the end of the
warp roller m and attached to the pulley wheel o, which is furnished with ratchet
teeth, and is secured from any back motion by the click p. The weighted lever
keeps the rope tight by revolving the pulley o by means of the click or stopper 1
whenever it becomes slacker. Figs. 3. 4. 5 and 6 show the apparatus which ensures
the accurate cutting of the pile. Fig. 3 being a plan of one end of the apparatus.
Fig. 4 a cross section on the dotted line A. B. (Fig. 3). Fig. 5 a cross section on
dotted line C. D. (Fig. 3) and Fig. 6 a side elevation of one of the sharpening
surfaces and apparatus s indicates the knife slide, which is firmly affixed to the loom
frame, and in which slides the knife . t indicates the moveable bar over which the
cloth passes as shown by letters xa in Fig. 5. This moveable bart fits into the
perpendicular slot s 1 in the ends of the knife slides and can be firmly fastened at any
height by means of the screwbolt 1 which passes through it and into the knife.
slide 8.
Its height is regulated by means of the screw which works in a thread cut
in the moveable bar and abuts against the lower end of the perpendicular slot s 1;
the screw is revolved by means of its indexed top u 1 which is furnished with
indentations in which fits a projection attached to a flat spring u2, when the bar tis
raised to the proper height by means of the screws wit firmly fixed by means of
the bolts 1 beforementioned. To keep the knife perfectly sharp one or more
sharpening surfaces w are placed at each end of the slides attached to a hinged piece
of metal 1 and kept in contact with the knife by means of coil or spiral springs w 2
attached to projections w 3, the exact amount of pressure is regulated by means of the
thumbscrew w 4 which is locked by the nut we 5.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The combined apparatus for securing a regular supply of pile warp,
substantially as described and shown hereinbefore and in the accompanying
drawing.
2nd. The combined apparatus for keeping the ground warps at a proper
tension, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore and in the accompanying
drawing.

page_text: 3rd. A moveable bar for adjusting the height of the pile in front of the
knife, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore, and in the accompanying
drawing.
4th. The combination of a moveable bar, with a fixed knife slide, and the apparatus
for adjusting the height of the same, substantially as described and shown herein-
before, and in the accompanying drawing.
5th. The combined apparatus for automatically sharpening the knife, substantially
as described, and shown hereinbefore, and in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 1st day of September 1888.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent to Applicant.