IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE WATER SUPPLY OF WATER- CLOSETS AND BATHS, AND PREVENTING WASTE; APPLICABLE ALSO IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR CONTROLLING, REGULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING WASTE.
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Tylor, of No. 2, Newgate Street, in the
City of London, Brass Founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE WATER SUPPLY OF WATER-
CLOSETS AND BATHS, AND PREVENTING WASTE; APPLICABLE ALSO IN WHOLE OR
IN PART FOR CONTROLLING, REGULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF
LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING WASTE.”.
IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE WATER SUPPLY OF WATER-
CLOSETS AND BATHS, AND PREVENTING WASTE; APPLICABLE ALSO IN WHOLE OR
IN PART FOR CONTROLLING, REGULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLow or
LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING WASTE.”.
Scaled the 22nd October 1872, and dated the 31st July 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Tyler at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st July 1872.
I, ALFRED TYLOR, of No. 2, Newgate Street, in the City of London,
Brass Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE WATER SUPPLY OF
WATERCLOSETS AND BATHS, AND PREVENTING WASTE; APPLICABLE ALSO IN WHOLE
OR IN PART FOR CONTROLLING, REGULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS
AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING WASTE, to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the arrangement of apparatus to
provide a break in the communication between the water supply pipe and
the closet pan to prevent the contamination of the water supply and the
A:

page_text: return of foul air, or other noisome or impure matter into the pipes, cis-
terns, receptacles, or other sources from which the supply of water for
closets is derived, to prevent waste and avoid the chance of the inlet and
discharge waste or outlet passages or openings being open together in
closets or baths, arranging the same so as to admit of this result being
obtained without additional trouble, and by the simple operation of open-
ing or closing the discharge waste or outlet passages, and also arranging
the inlet and discharge waste or outlet passage so as to obtain cleanli-
ness in the use of the bath, and prevent waste of water by overflowing.
In order to carry out my Invention in that part relating to water-
closets and to render it easy of accomplishment, and certain and reliable
in its action, I sometimes employ a closed or open cistern or pipe, tube,
or other suitably formed receptacle or conductor, which may be formed
on or attached to or be in connection with the pan, hopper, or receptacle
of the closet, and which may project from the exterior thereof, and be
formed with an expanded mouth, entrance, or opening at the extremity,
or so adapted or formed as to present a large opening to receive the
water from the supply pipe or opening when it is admitted to the pan,
hopper, or receptacle, and which I term the injector watercloset.
The supply pipe or opening which admits the water is not connected
with or attached to the cistern pipe, tube, or conductor, which directs
the water into the pan, hopper, or receptacle, but is entirely detached
therefrom and coincides with the centre line of the pipe, tube, or
conductor in order that when the water issues therefrom it may enter
without splashing or wasting, and be delivered in the pan, hopper, or
receptacle. The end or outlet opening of the supply pipe or passage
from the main feed, or service cistern, or other source of supply, may just
project over the end of the pipe, tube, or conductor, or be otherwise so
arranged as to allow the drip to fall into it or to prevent its causing
damage or inconvenience. The pipe, tube, or conductor may be
provided with guards or their equivalent to prevent the water splashing
out when the supply pipe, tube, or passage is opened, and a self-closing
valve so arranged as to prevent the passage of any foul air or other
noisome or impure matter from the pan, hopper, or receptacle may be
provided and attached to or connected with the pipe, tube, or conductor
aforesaid.
In carrving out my Invention with baths I place an additional valve

page_text: the inlet to the bath, and be operated or actuated by or in connection
with the means provided for opening the waste outlet, whereby in the
act of opening the waste outlet this valve or cock is caused to shut off or
close the inlet to the bath before the waste outlet can be opened, and the
closing of the waste outlet causes the reverse of this action to take place,
leaving the inlet free by opening the additional valve or cock.
1
To obtain cleanliness in the use of the bath I may if desired admit the
water into the bath from a point above the level of the water as it stands
when the bath is filted for use, and cause the dirty water to be with-
drawn through the waste outlet, which is quite distinct from and
unconnected with the inlet, whereby the flow of clean and dirty water
alternately through the same passage is entirely done away with, and in
order to prevent the overflow of the water in case the bath should be
allowed to get too full or from the inlet passage being left open, I cause
the entrance or inlet passage for the water to be controlled by a cock or
valve which the water itself on its exceeding its proper level in the bath
will bring into operation and shut off any further supply.
When applied to a bath, I may arrange the inlets of the hot and cold
water supply so that they open into a receptacle common to both, the
outlet from which receptacle to the bath is provided with an additional
valve or cock controlling the passage, and this valve or cock is connected
with, attached to, or operated on by the means employed for opening
the waste outlet from the bath in such a manner that this additional
valve or cock is caused to close before the waste outlet can be opened.
This may be readily accomplished by means of "lost motion," whereby
the additional valve or cock is closed before motion can be given to
valve or cock controlling the waste outlet, and the inlet passage or
entrance is thus closed, and remains so during the time that the waste
outlet from the bath is open.
By modifying the arrangement for actuating this additional valve or
cock, or arranging it in a suitable manner to meet the requirements of
the case, similar results may be obtained where it is desired to prevent
waste, and the inlet and waste outlet passages being open together.
To prevent the water overflowing the bath in case the supply should
be left on longer than necessary to admit the proper quantity of water,
I may sometimes employ a small supplemental cistern, tank, or

page_text: receptacle attached to or in connection with the bath, in which I may
sometimes place a ball or float, valve, or cock, or other similar suitable
arrangement, and I cause the supply of water for the bath to enter this
cistern, tank, or receptacle through an opening pipe or passage con-
trolled by this bill or float, valve, or cock, and from thence to pass into
the bath, so that on the water rising above its proper or intended level
it may cause the level of the water to rise also in the cistern, tank, or
receptacle aforesaid, and lift the ball or float, closing thereby the supply
inlet and preventing an overflow, and no further supply can then enter
the bath until the level is reduced sufficiently to cause the ball or float
to drop and open the inlet. This ball or float or other suitable arrange-
ment when called into action, acts on or closes the inlet only when the
water rises above its proper level. I may also arrange the bath so that
the water rising above its proper level shall cause the supply entering
the bath to be shut off by any known means without its having, to
pass through the small supplemental cistern before entering the bath if
desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Tylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on
on the 31st January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
TYLOR, of No. 2, Newgate Street, in the City of London, Brass Founder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alfred Tylor, Her special licence
that I, the said Alfred Tylor, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Tylor, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should. and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,

page_text: within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE WATER SUPPLY OF WATERCLOSETS AND BATHS AND PRE-
VENTING WASTE; APPLICABLE ALSO IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR CONTROLLING, RE-
GULATING, AND ARRESTING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS, AND PREVENTING
WASTE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred
Tylor, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Tylor, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon,
that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the arrangement of apparatus to
provide a break in the communication between the water supply pipe
and the closet pan to prevent the contamination of the water supply,
and the return of foul air or other noisome or impure matter into
the pipes, cisterns, receptacles, or other sources from which the supply
of water for closets is derived, to prevent waste and avoid the chance of
the inlet and waste outlet passages or openings being open together,
arranging the same so as to admit of this result being obtained without
additional trouble and the simple operation of opening or closing the
waste outlet, and also arranging the inlet and waste outlet so as to
obtain cleanliness in the use of the bath, and prevent waste of water
by overflowing.
In order to carry out my Invention in that part relating to water-
closets, and to render it easy of accomplishment and certain and reliable
in its action, I sometimes employ a pipe, tube, or other suitably formed
conductor, formed on or attached to or in connection with the pan,
hopper, or receptacle of the closet, which may project from the exterior
thereof, and be formed with an expanded mouth, entrance, or opening at
the extremity, or so adapted by being cut diagonally to its length, or
.

page_text: otherwise so formed as to present a large opening to receive the water
from the supply pipe or opening when it is admitted to the pan, hopper,
or receptacle, and which I term the injector watercloset.
The supply pipe or opening, which admits the water, is not connected
with or attached to the pipe, tube, or conductor which directs the water
into the pan, hopper, or receptacle, but is entirely detached therefrom,
and coincides with the centre line of the pipe, tube, or conductor, in
order that when the water issues therefrom it may enter without
splashing or wasting, and be delivered in the pan, hopper, or receptacle.
The end or outlet opening of the supply pipe or passage from the main
or other source of supply may just project over the end of the pipe,
tube, or conductor, or be otherwise so arranged as to allow the drip to
fall into it, or to prevent its causing damage or inconvenience. The
pipe, tube, or conductor may be provided with guards or their equivalent
to prevent the water splashing out when the supply pipe, tube, or
passage is opened, and a self-closing waste preventing valve so arranged
as to prevent the passage of any foul air or other noisome or impure
matter from the pan, hopper, or receptacle up into the cistern or other
source of supply may be provided, and attached to or connected with the
pipe, tube, or conductor aforesaid, or on or in the supply pipe or opening,
cistern, tank, or receptacle for the water supply as most convenient, and
the contents of the pan may be discharged by a self-acting arrangement
actuated by using the closet.
In carrying out my Invention with baths I place an additional valve
or cock between the inlet and the waste outlet, so arranged as to control
the inlet to the bath, and be opened or actuated by or in connection
with the means provided for opening the waste outlet, whereby in the
act of opening the waste outlet this valve or cock is caused to shut off
or close the inlet to the bath before the waste outlet can be opened, or
even partially opened, and the closing of the waste outlet causes the
reverse of this action to take place, leaving the inlet free by opening the
additional valve or cock.
To obtain cleanliness in the use of the bath I admit the water into
the bath from a point above the level of the water as it stands when the
bath is filled for use, and cause the dirty water to be withdrawn through
the waste outlet, which is quite distinct from and unconnected with the
inlet, whereby the flow of clean and dirty water alternately through the

page_text: same passage is done away with; and in order to prevent the overflow
of the water, in case the bath should be allowed to get too full, or from
the inlet passage being left open, I may cause the entrance or inlet
passage for the water to be controlled by a cock or valve, which the
water itself on its exceeding its proper level in the bath will bring into
operation, and shut off any further supply.
When applied to a bath I may arrange the inlets of the hot and cold
water supply so that they open into a receptacle common to both;
the outlet from which receptacle to the bath is provided with an
additional valve or cock controlling the passage, and this valve or cock
is connected with, attached to, or operated on by the means employed
for opening the waste outlet from the bath in such a manner that this.
additional valve or cock is caused to close before the waste inlet can be
opened, or partially opened. This may be readily accomplished by
means of "lost motion," whereby the additional valve or cock is closed
before motion can be given to the valve or cock controlling the waste
outlet, and the inlet passage or entrance is thus closed, and remains so.
during the time that the waste outlet from the bath is open.
By modifying the arrangement for actuating this additional valve.or
cock, and arranging it in a suitable known manner to meet the require-
ments of the case, similar results may be obtained where it is desired to
prevent waste, and the inlet and waste outlet passages being open
together.
To prevent the water overflowing the bath in case the supply should
be left on longer than necessary to admit the proper quantity of water,
I sometimes employ a small supplemental cistern, tank, or receptacle
attached to or in connection with the bath, in which I place a ball, or
float valve, or cock, and I cause the supply of water for the bath to
enter this cistern, tank, or receptacle, through an opening, pipe, or
passage controlled by this ball or float, valve, or cock, and from thence
to pass
into the bath, so that on the water rising above its proper or
intended level, it may cause the level of the water to rise also in the
cistern, tank, or receptacle, and lift the ball or float, closing thereby the
supply inlet and preventing an overflow, and no further supply can then
enter the bath until the level is reduced sufficiently to cause the ball or
float to drop and open the inlet. The water may, if desired, enter the-
bath without passing through the supplementary cistern, tank, or recep-

page_text: tacle, and still be controlled by the ball or float. This ball or float acts
on or closes the inlet only when the water rises above its proper level.
Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 1, are a plan and elevation of an arrangement of
my "injector watercloset" applied to an ordinary hopper or pan recep-
tacle, and Fig. 2ª shews the self-closing check valve. A, the pan or hop-
per; B, the part of the conductor for directing the stream or jet of water
into the pan formed on or attached to the same; C, the portion of the
conductor or guard attached to or connected with the other part, and
arranged so as to receive the drips of water and prevent its splashing
out; D, the nozzle or outlet for the water, which forms a break between
the pan and source of water supply, whereby any return of foul or
noisome matter, water, or gases into the supply pipe is prevented; E,
the pipe from the cistern or other source of supply. In this arrange-
ment the supply of water for the pan or receptacle may be regulated
and obtained by and from one of my waste preventing cisterns herein
described, or, if preferred, one of my self-closing waste preventing 'valves
may be placed near the outlet D, or a self-closing valve arranged, as
shown in Fig. 2º, on the conductor for leading the water into the hopper
or receptacle may be employed.
66
"
Fig. 3, Shect 1, shews an arrangement of my. self-acting self-dis-
charging pan closet with a seat action, to which my injector
arrangement and self-closing waste preventing valves or cisterns may be
applied. A, the hopper or receiver; B, the pan or part for receiving
the water and soil; C, the vessel or receptacle into which the same are
discharged; D, the self-acting arrangement for allowing the closet pan
to be discharged and returned to its place ready for use; E, the joint or
pivot on which the apparatus works; F is the moving balance weight in
the chamber D. In this arrangement the pan B works on the hinge or
joint E, and a closed chamber D containing a balance weight F formed
as a ball is connected with or attached to it on the other side of the
hinge or joint E. This chamber is placed at such an angle with the pan
that the ball F can retain the pan in its normal position.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On releasing the weight
from the scat, the water is allowed to flow into the pan or hopper A and
fill B until its weight overbalances that of the ball F in the closed
chamber D, when the pan swings into the position schwn by the dotted
lines and discharges its contents, the weight of the ball F and closed

page_text: chamber D then preponderate and return the pan to its normal position.
The chamber D is provided with "buffers" of cork, india-rubber, or
other suitable material in order to prevent noise when the ball arrives at
cither extremity.
Figs. 7 and 8, Sheet 2, are a plan and part section and elevation of an
arrangement of my "injector" closet, as applied to a pan, hopper, or
receptacle, in which a fan is placed to distribute the water. In this
arrangement the conductor is attached to the pan, or connected with it,
so as to secure the water arriving directly on the fan, and is so formed
as to prevent its splashing or dripping out and creating a nuisance or
injury. A self-closing valve, as herein-before described, and shewn by
the dotted lines, may be placed in the conductor. The supply of water
to the pan or receptacle is controlled by the self-closing waste preventing
valve on the pipe, as shewn. A, the pan or hopper; B, the conductor;
C, the fan; D, the nozzle or outlet for the water, forming the break
between the pan and source of supply; E, the pipe from the cistern or
source of supply; F, the self-closing waste preventing valve controlling
the same, which may be actuated in any suitable or convenient manner.
If preferred, my waste preventing cisterns, herein-before described, may
be employed in place of the self-closing waste preventing valve F.
Fig. 1, Sheet 2, is a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. 2, a plan of
an arrangement of my improved flushing closet cistern A, A, fitted with
a vertical partition or division forming a chamber or receptacle D, a
single inlet valve H, the escape preventer B (described in my Patent,
No. 2948, of 1871), applied to the inlet (the ball, or float, and lever L, L,
being free to descend with the water), my controlling lever I, I, falso
described in Patent 2948, of 1871), actuated by the cam K on the shaft
or spindle G, an outlet valve C, and a discharge valve E operated by
the ball, or float, and lever N, N, and controlled by the stop F on the
rod or connection of the outlet valve C, the cistern being shewn full
ready for use and the parts out of action..
The action of this arrangement is as follows:- -On pulling or operating
the rod or connection M, which actuates the spindle G, the cam K rises
and acts on the controlling lever I, closing the inlet valve H and opening
the outlet valve C. The water then begins to descend, flowing out of the
outlet aperture, and the ball, or float, and lever L, L, descend also until
the water has left the cistern empty, but the chamber or receptacle D

page_text: remains full to its upper edge and is retained so by the stop F on the
rod or connection of the outlet valve C, which has "lost motion"" pro-
vided for the purpose, preventing the descent of the ball, or float, and
lever N, N, connected with the discharge valve E, so long as the rod or
connection M is kept down or acted on. On releasing the rod or con-
nection M and allowing it to return to its normal position, the ball, or
float, and lever N, N, drop and open the discharge valve E, and the
controlling lever I being released from the control of the cam K goes
out of action and allows the inlet valve to open and the water to flow in.
As the water rises it lifts the ball, or float, and lever N, N, and causes E
to close before the water reaches the top of the vertical partition or
division, when it flows on and lifts the ball, or float, and lever L, L, and
raises them until they act on the inlet valve H and shut off the water
on its reaching its required level.
Fig. 3 is a similar section, shewing the cistern emptied, but the
discharge valve E closed, and retaining the division D full of water
ready to be discharged on the release of the rod or connection M. The
same letters of reference denote the same parts as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. 5 a plan of another
arrangement of my improved flushing closet cistern, the same being
shewn full and the parts out of action, provided with my controlling
lever I and two inlet valves (one of them uncontrolled by the lever) and
the additional cistern, chamber, or receptacle D is formed by a horizontal
partition or division, forming the bottom of the receiving cistern or
division, and containing the outlet valve C, and the tube or aperture
through which the rod or connection for actuating the discharge valve E
passes. In this case the controlling lever I has a weight attached to it,
so that when the connection M is not being operated or acted on it keeps
the second inlet valve open so that the water may enter the cistern, the
ball, or float, and lever L, L, controlling the other valve only, details of
which are shewn in Fig. 9, Sheet 2. On pulling down the rod or con-
nection M the discharge valve E is closed and the outlet valve C opened,
and the lever K by means of the connecting link lifts up the controlling
lever I, and allows the second inlet valve to come on to its seat and
shut off the entrance of the water into the cistern, which it continues to
do so long as the rod or connection M is held down or operated on, and
the ball, or float, and lever L, L, descend with the water, opening
the valve controlled by them, so that on releasing the rod or con-

page_text: nection M the outlet valve C closes and the controlling lever goes out
of action, leaving the water free admission to the cistern, into which it
continues to flow until shut off by the action of the ball, or float, and
lever L, L. Whilst this is taking place the discharge valve E has been
by the same operation raised off its seat and allowed the retained water
to pass into the pan, hopper, or receptacle. Similar letters refer to
similar parts in both Figures, but in this arrangement the escape prc-
venter is not shewn on the inlet.
66
Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of my arrangement of a
dribbling" closet cistern, in which are one inlet and one outlet valve.
The additional cistern or division D is formed in one with the receiving
cistern A, A, and the discharge pipe is arranged as shewn, so as to retain
a portion of the water in the additional cistern or division D after the
greater portion has passed down the discharge pipe, and allow it to pass
slowly out of it through the aperture shèwn. My controlling lever I is
applied as in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, so as to prevent the inlet and outlet
apertures being open or partially open together, and the escape preventer
at B, as shewn in the same Figures. Similar parts are denoted by similar
letters in the other Figures.
Where pan closets are used, or where it is desired or necessary to have
a "flush" or seal for the outlet from the pan, hopper, or receptacle, I
employ service cisterns, tanks, or receptacles, arranged on the plan
described in my Patent for “ Improvements in Lavatories and the
Arrangements connected therewith," No. 2948, granted to me on the
3d November 1871, and so that they shall prevent waste of water from
the inlet and outlet openings being capable of being left open or partially
open at the same time, and so that they shall always contain and retain
the required amount of water for the flush or seal, although the receiving
cistern or division may be emptied, and so that the opening of the dis-
charge valve from the additional cistern or division shall close the
outlet valve from the receiving cistern or division and open the inlet
before the discharge valve can be opened or even slightly opened or
moved off its seat. .
'
Fig 9 is the detail, on an enlarged scale, in section, of the inlet valve
shewn in Fig. 4. In those cases where it is preferred to employ a
cistern, tank, or receptacle for the water supply of the closets unprovided
with my controlling lever and flushing arrangements, my self-closing

page_text: waste preventing valves, such as are shewn in Figs. 1, 3, 5, 6, and 7,
Sheet 3 of the accompanying Drawings, and described herein, may be
applied, and such cisterns, tanks, or receptacles may be arranged in the
manner shewn in Figs. 1 to 4, Sheet 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
The self-closing waste preventing valve may, if preferred, be placed on
the supply pipe to the closet and near the outlet aperture. It will be
seen that these valves are applicable where the prevention of waste
and drawing off of given quantities of liquids or fluids are desired.
Where it is preferred that a self-closing valve should not be placed in
the cistern, or on or connected with the water supply pipe or arrange-
ment, it may be placed in the pipe, tube, or conductor attached to or
forming part of the pan, hopper, or receptacle, and arranged so that it
may be opened by the incoming water and kept open so long as the
water is running in, and when the entrance of the water is stopped the
valve immediately closes of itself and shuts off the passage of foul air
or noisome matter from the pan, hopper, or receptacle.
I may also arrange my cisterns, tanks, or receptacles, so as to obtain
a flush and seal by placing in the same or in connection therewith two
or more of my self-closing waste preventing valves, so arranged that by
operating the means provided for letting out the water from the cistern,
tank, or receptacle, one of the valves is set in action, and the other
placed in readiness to act on releasing or putting out of action the rod
or connection operating the actuating arrangements, when the second
valve immediately starts into action and causes the seal or second supply
of water to escape by the discharge outlet into the pan, hopper, or
receptacle. By this arrangement more than the amount of water for
which either valve is adjusted cannot be exceeded, and no waste can take
place.
'
Where desired, a supplementary or service cistern, tank, or receptacle
may be employed, which will contain the water supply for two or more
closets, and in which the valve or valves controlling the water supply
to cach closet may be placed and arranged so as to be actuated inde-
pendently of the other valves, and the inlet to this supplementary cistern,
tank, or receptacle from the source of supply may be controlled by a ball
or float and lever.
If preferred, one or more of my self-closing waste preventing valve
may be employed, and so arranged that when the outlet to any closet is

page_text: opened this valve or valves shall or may be actuated by the same
operation, and allow a similar quantity of water to that drawn off
to enter the cistern and maintain the required level. By this means
all waste of water is prevented, and the supply to the closets is not
connected with the cistern, tank, or receptacle from whence water is
obtained for other purposes, and any contamination of the same is
thereby prevented.
The self-closing waste preventing valves which I employ for admitting
the water to the pan or receptacle of the closet may be constructed as
shewn in the Drawings hereunto annexed, and on the principle described
in my Patent for "Improvements in Valve Apparatus for Regulating
the Discharge of Liquids," No. 685, granted to me on the 15th March
1871, the object being to construct a valve or apparatus which shall be
actuated by moving a part not attached to or connected with the part
controlling the outlet which thereby destroys the equilibrium of pressure
in the apparatus; and to regulate the opening and closing of such valves
or apparatus that they may close with the stream without shock or
tremor, having let the intended quantity of water pass, in whatever
position the handle or other means employed for actuating them may be
left. These valves are intended to keep open for a particular time and
to close by means of the pressure of the liquid or fluid from the main or
source of supply combined with the weight of the valve, and its attach-
ments when arranged with such, gradually overcoming the pressure of
water, or liquid, or fluid, in a cylinder or receptacle provided for the
purpose, which may be divided by one or more horizontal divisions or
partitions with apertures, with or without valves opening upwards. The.
closing and opening forces are so applied as to produce a current in this
cylinder or receptacle in alternate and opposite directions, and to dis-
place liquid or fluid from one part to another of the cylinder or
receptacle which is always charged with liquid or fluid, except the part
occupied by the moveable valve, piston, plunger, or plug, and is placed
near and attached to or forms part of the valve cylinder, receptacle, or
chamber, thereby assisting and compelling my valves to open or close-
gently and 'slowly, whether with the stream or against it. My valve is
generally so placed that it is subject to pressure from above and below,
and it may be from the main and a supply pipe, or from a separate
pump,
or from an additional piston working in the same cylinder, or
other suitable and convenient means, and the motion of the valve piston,

page_text: L
plunger, or plug is always in the direction of the greater pressure of
the two, and I regulate the time and the movement of this valve by
adjusting the means for moving, introducing or withdrawing liquid or
fluid from the cylinder or receptacle and só causing a current to act
above or below, according as to whether I wish to close or open the
valve.
The time during which the valves I have described fall is always
identical with the time required to displace the liquid or fluid from below
to above the pistons, valves, or moving portions controlling the outlet,
such displacement being assisted by and in accord with the current
through the cylinder or receptacle however produced, thus limiting and
measuring the quantity of liquid or fluid passing through the valve
apparatus each time that motion is applied to it and "preventing waste
thereby. Whatever means are used to operate or actuate these valves
such can only operate with and are subject to the movement of the
moveable piston, valve, plunger, or plug in the cylinder or receptacle
already described, which is controlled by the form or the particular
means, or both combined, provided for causing a current of liquid or
fluid to pass from above to below, or from below to above, which render
it impossible to close the valve suddenly, but cause the valve to shut
slowly and gradually and almost without noise in the direction of the
greater of the two pressures exerted against it at its opposite extremities.
An air pipe or pipes for allowing the escape of foul air or gases and to
assist in making the apparatus more convenient, which passes from the
lower part of the valve apparatus below the moveable regulating valve
piston, plunger, or plug, into the air above the level of the water in the
tank, cistern, or receptacle, and thence into the air or away from the
water, is or are provided in certain cases, and I sometimes place the valve
in the tank, cistern, or receptacle, in the water, either wholly or partially
submerged according to the circumstances of the case.
One or more air-tight divisions or partitions, provided with one or
more apertures with a valve or valves opening upwards are or may be
placed or formed in, or on, or connected with the fixed cylinder or
receptacle containing the moveable regulating valve piston, plunger, or
plug, and placed so as to interpose between the moveable regulating
valve, piston, plunger, or plug, and the means used for actuating the
apparatus. By the employment of such partition or division with an

page_text: aperture or apertures, and valve or valves, placed and arranged as herein
described, the apparatus can be regulated to draw off an exact quantity
of liquid or fluid, and will not vary the amount if raised always to its
full extent of travel except it be changed by another adjustment of the
valve or moving part controlling the outlet orifice, inasmuch as the
movcable valve piston, plunger, or plug is not controlled, or shut off, or
down by the descent of the actuating arrangement or release of the
connection M where such is used, but continues gradually to descend
from the point to which it was raised until it closes the outlet aperture
independently of any condition of the actuating arrangement.
In those cases where the air-tight division or partition with the
aperture or apertures and valve or valves is not employed, the actuating
arrangement may be applied so that on going out of action it ceases to
have any control over the working of the moveable regulating valve
piston, plunger, or plug after the same has been raised, or it may be
so applied as to allow the moveable regulating valve piston, plunger, or
plug to be closed by the release of the actuating connection at any
period between its descent from the full height of its lift to its arrival on
its seat and closing the outlet orifice.
The rate at which the moveable regulating valve piston, plunger, or
plug C with its washer valve is caused to descend, is regulated either by
the height to which it is raised or by the distance allowed between it
and the fixed cylinder or receptacle in which it works, or by the distance
allowed between the moveable actuating cylinder or socket which
surrounds the fixed cylinder or receptacle containing the moveable
regulating valve, piston plunger, or plug, or by the distance allowed
between the moveable actuating piston working in the fixed cylinder
socket or receptacle when a piston is used for actuating, or in engineers'
parlance by the amount of "fit" between the various parts of the
apparatus, and the time of closing may be further adjusted by the pro-
portion of opening allowed in the aperture or apertures and valve or
valves M in the partition or division D¹ where the same is employed, or
by a cock, tap, screw, plug (as shewn in Figs. 4, 4º, Sheet 3, or other
convenient arrangement.
Till ho

page_text: greater, or the "fit" of the parts will be much closer, whilst where a
quick action and a small quantity are desired a less height of lift or a
looser "fit" will cause the liquid or fluid to pass up the space or spaces
and allow the moveable regulating valve, piston, plunger, or plug to
descend more quickly and close the exit, orifice, or passage E, allowing
thereby a much less quantity of liquid to pass off, and the time during
which the operation takes place to be correspondingly reduced. Where
preferred or required the time of closing may be regulated by the or a
combination of all or any of the modes of adjustment just described.
The raised seat D of all or any of my improved self-closing waste
preventing valves may be made elastic, and-formed as shewn in Fig. 5º,
Sheet 4, of my Patent, No. 2948, granted to me in 1871.
Fig. 1, Sheet 3, is a vertical section of an arrangement of my self-
closing waste preventing valves, for placing in a cistern, tank, or
reservoir for watercloset or other use, as herein-before described. It
will be seen that they are a modification of the plan described in my
Patent 685 of 1871, and act in a similar manner. A, A, is the body
of the valve in which is or are formed the inlet opening or openings H, H;
B, B, shews the adjustable actuating socket with its spindle surrounding
the moveable regulating valve piston, plunger, or plug C; D is the
raised seat; E is the exit or outlet orifice; F, F, the fixed cylinder or
socket in which the adjustable actuating socket B, and the moveable
regulating valve piston, plunger, or plug C work; G is the air pipe for
the escape of foul air or gases which may be led out into the open
air or where desired to conduct and discharge the same; H, I, are the
inlet aperture or apertures.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:- -On raising the adjust-
able socket B the equilibrium of pressure in F, F, is destroyed and the
movable regulating valve piston, plunger, or plug C rises also and opens
the outlet or exit orifice E, and on the upward movement of B being
discontinued C slowly and gradually descends until it rests on its raised
seat D, and closes the outlet E without shock or tremor. On releasing
the actuating connection the adjustable socket B descends and places
the apparatus in the proper state for repeating the operation on again
using the actuating connection.
The adjustable socket may be loaded by the weight W as shewn, or
other convenient means may be provided to ensure its return to its

page_text: place when the actuating arrangement is put out of action. Mcans are
provided by the apertures shewn in the top or cover of F, F, to allow
the water to escape when the adjustable socket B is raised. The modes
of adjusting the parts to secure the delivery of the required quantity of
water have been before described herein.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a similar valve apparatus arranged so as
to be placed in, on, or connected with the inlet or supply pipe, where it is
not desired to place such apparatus in the cistern, tank, or reservoir, like
parts being shewn by the same letters as in Fig. 1. In this arrange-
ment the top or cover of F, F, is made tight, and a stuffing box is
provided for the passage of the spindle on B. A pipe, tube, or passage I
extending from the space above B to the shell or body A, A, below C is
provided to allow of the passage or escape of the water when B is
raised. The action of this arrangement is the same as that of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of another arrangement of my improved
self-closing waste preventing valve, shewing the same placed in a cistern,
tank, or receptacle below the water level, but actuated by means of a
piston in place of a socket, and provided with a partition D' and valve
or valves M opening upwards, placed therein, as shewn and described in
Fig. 1, 2, Sheet 3, of my 'Patent, 685, in the year 1871. A, A, is the
body of the apparatus; C is the actuating piston; D, the moveable
regulating valve, piston, plunger, or plug; E, the raised seat ; E³, the outlet
orifice; B, B, the fixed cylinder or socket surrounding the working parts;
G, the air pipe for the escape of foul air or gases; F, F, the inlet aperture
or apertures; D¹³, the fixed partition containing the valve or valves M. An
aperture or apertures may be provided as shewn in the top or cover of
the cylinder or socket B, B, to allow the water to escape on raising
the piston C. The action of this arrangement is the same as that of
Figs. 1 and 2 herein-before described, but the addition of the partition Di
and valve M prevent the moveable regulating valve piston, plunger, or
plug D from descending to its raised seat E¹, when the actuating con-
nection E is released, and allow it to run the full quantity proportioned
to the height to which it is raised.
Fig. 4 is a section of an arrangement of the actuating piston C shewing
the valve M' opening downwards, which allows the water between the
partition D' and the actuating piston C to escape when the actuating
piston descends; i is an adjustable cock, valve, or plug placed on the
B

page_text: fixed cylinder B, B, below the partition D' and valve M, by which the
lift of the moveable regulating valve piston, plunger, or plug D may
be regulated or adjusted in addition to the other modes herein-before
described.
Fig. 4 is a section through an adjustable screw plug similarly placed.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section of another arrangement of my improved
self-closing waste preventing valve for similar purposes to Figs. 1, 2,
and 3, but formed with an enlarged space at the top designed to act with
a small lift, and provided with the partition D' and valve M shewn in
Figs. 3 and 4. In this arrangement the moveable actuating socket B is
placed outside the fixed cylinder or socket F, F, containing the working
parts and surrounds the same.
The moveable actuating socket B, B, may be loaded as shewn, so as
to secure its ready return to its normal position on the release of the
actuating connection.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section of a modification of Fig. 5, in which the
enlarged space is not employed, the actuating cylinder B, B, being but
little larger than the fixed cylinder or socket F, F. Similar parts are
denoted by similar letters as in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of another arrangement of my improved
self-closing waste-preventing valve actuated by means of an elastic or
flexible cap, cylinder, chamber, tube, socket, or case (on the plan
patented by me in conjunction with F. G. Fleury in Patent No. 1180 in
the year 1872), which is formed of vulcanized or suitably prepared india-
rubber or other suitable material or materials, or of a combination of
the same, which may be formed as shewn in order to obtain the required
amount of play or movement in the actuating part to enable it to act
without injury. The top or cover of this flexible case F¹, F¹, may
be made of metal as shewn, to which it is firmly attached, and it
may be provided with a valve or valves opening upwards, and closing
or opening an aperture or apertures so as to allow the escape of the
water or air, or both from the space above the partition D' when the
actuating connection is released or put out of action, or the cover may
be provided with a valve M' and a weight W, as shewn, in order to secure
the correct working of the apparatus.
Fig. 8 is a section and plan of the valve M', shewn in Fig. 7. Similar
parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.

page_text: The moveable actuating cylinder or socket and the actuating piston or
parts may be made of sufficient weight, or have sufficient weight or
closing arrangements applied or attached to them to ensure their
returning to their, normal position on the actuating connection being
released so as to be in the proper condition to cause the valve to operate
on the next occasion its services are called into requisition.
I also arrange my self-closing waste preventing valves connected with
the supply of water to the closets in such a manner as to enable them to
be actuated without the aid of wires, rods, chains, levers, or cranks, or
other similar mechanical connections, whereby the trouble and annoyance
caused by the frequent derangement, breakage, or stretching and wearing
of such parts is done away with, and the closet may be placed at a con-
siderable distance from the source of water supply without inconvenience.
For this purpose I may actuate the valve by exhausting or compressing
the air or water, or both combined, from or into the parts in connection
with the valve through or by means of a separate tube or tubes, pipe or
pipes, passage or passages, quite distinct from the tube, pipe, or passage
conveying the water to the closet, whereby the required movement is
given to the working parts and the valve set in action; or I may arrange
the apparatus so that the actuating of the valve may be obtained through
or by means of the pipe or tube conveying the water to the closet pan
or receptacle.
I sometimes employ a cylinder, chamber, or receptacle in connection
with the valve, which may be fitted with a piston or pistons, or diaphragm
or diaphragms, operated by the exhaustion or compression of air, or
water, or both, to actuate the valve when the means employed for letting
on the water is used, and caused to act on the same; or the cylinder,
chamber, or receptacle may be formed of elastic material or materials,
and by its expansion or contraction, according to the system employed,
cause the valve to operate. .
Fig. 1, Sheet 4, is a longitudinal vertical section of a small service
cistern, shewing the application of my self-closing waste preventing
valve to the same, for closet or other use. A, A, is the cistern; C, my
self-closing waste-preventing valve with its foul air pipe G placed on the
outlet and actuated by the rod or connection M. The inlet valve is
shewn at H, and is controlled by the ball or float and lever L,-L. The
cistern. is shewn full and the parts at rest.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a similar section of a similar cistern, but provided with two
of my self-closing waste preventing valves C and E, arranged so as to
give a flush or smaller quantity of water for sealing or trapping through
the discharge orifice on the release of the actuating connection M, the
cistern also being shewn full and the parts at rest.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On pulling the rod or
connection M the outlet C is opened by the adjustable regulating valve
piston, plunger, or plug in the valve C, being raised off its seat, and the
water flows out of the cistern until the valve C is closed by the descent
of the moving part. On letting go of the rod or connection M the
actuating piston or socket in C returns to its place, and the valve E
(having been put ready by opening C) is opened, allowing a second
discharge of water from the cistern, which continues until the regulating
plug in E closes the discharge aperture.. By adjusting the proportion
of water to be passed by the two valves the same results are produced
as by my other self-closing waste preventing cisterns herein-before
described.
"
Fig. 3 is a similar section of a similar cistern, shewing the arrange-
ment for actuating the self-closing waste-preventing valve C, by
exhausting the supply pipe to the closet pan or receptacle.
Fig. 4 is a section of a cistern, tank, or reservoir, containing the self-
closing waste preventing valve C, shewing the actuating arrangement and
pan when operating by exhaustion on an ordinary closet, not arranged
as my "injector" watercloset, the supply pipe for the water being used
for actuating. A, A, is the cistern, tank, or reservoir; B, B, the tube,
pipe, or passage leading therefrom to the closet; C, my self-closing
waste preventing valve; D, the actuating arrangement; E, the pipe,
tube, or passage, leading to the pan or receptacle F; G, the air pipe, for
the escape of foul air or gases provided with a valve H' opening outwards;
I, pipe, tube, or passage, for the escape of the air and water from above
the actuating piston in D; K, valve between pan or receptacle and
actuating arrangement; L, weight to cause the return of the actuating
arrangement to its normal position on the release of the handle M.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On raising up the
handle M the actuating piston in D is raised, the water or air, or both,
escaping from above it by the pipe or passage I, and the valve K closes,
preventing the entrance of air or water into D except through the

page_text: pipe B, B. The raising of the piston. in D and the closing of the valve.K
causes the equilibrium of pressure to be destroyed, and the valve. H' on
the air pipe G to close also, whereby the pressure above the moveable
regulating valve, piston, plunger, or plug in the valve C is reduced, and
the part is caused to rise and open the outlet, the water then flows down
the pipe B, B, out at K, through E, into the pan F and washes out the
contents. The moveable regulating part in C gradually and slowly
descends until it closes the outlet orifice, and as the equilibrium of
pressure in the apparatus becomes restored the valve H¹ opens and allows
the foul air to escape and at the same time prevents any syphon action
through the apparatus and pipe G from taking place. On releasing M
the parts return to their nominal position aided by their weight and that
of the weight Lon the rod of the piston. The valve C may be used
without the actuating piston socket or flexible case or chamber, but
should be provided with the partition or division D' and valve or valves M.
The air pipe G may pass out through the side of the tank in place of
over the top, if desired.
Fig. 1, Sheet 5, is a plan of the inlet and outlet passages; Fig. 2, an
end view and Fig. 3, a sectional elevation of my improved valve arrange-
ment for controlling the inlet and outlet passages of baths, herein-before
described. A, A, is the body, containing the valves and inlet and outlet
passages; B is the chamber containing the valve C controlling the inlet
to the bath; D is the chamber containing the valve E controlling the
waste outlet from the bath; F is the inlet to the bath; and G and H
are the pipes for the hot and cold water; I is the outlet from the bath
and K is the connection with the waste; L is the standard on which the
weighted lever M which actuates the valves is supported; and N is the
lever for working the apparatus.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-When not in use both
the inlet to and the outlet from the bath remain closed, but on bringing
the actuating lever N and weighted lever M to the position shewn by the
dotted lines the water flows into the bath through the valve C being
raised off its seat, and the outlet valve E is kept on its seat, preventing
any escape of water from the bath, and the water flows in until by
shifting the lever N to the vertical position the inlet orifice is closed
and the water supply shut off, but the outlet valve from the bath remains
closed also. To empty the bath the lever N and weighted lever M are
caused to take a reverse position to that shewn by the dotted lines, .

page_text: when the valve C still remains closed, but Ę is raised off its seat, opening
the outlet and allowing the water to pass out of the bath.
It will be seen by reference to the Drawing that the parts are so
arranged that the valve it is desired to keep closed becomes the fulcrum
from which the actuating arrangement works to open the valve it is
desired to open, whence it will be evident that it is impossible to have
both open or even partially open together, and thus all waste of water
from this cause is effectually prevented.
Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section of another arrangement of
apparatus for preventing the inlet to and the outlet from a bath, being
open or partially open together, and so that one must be closed before
the other can be opened or moved even partially from its seat. A, A,,
is the body containing the valves and inlet and outlet passages; Bis the
chamber containing the valve C controlling one of the supply inlets;
D is the chamber containing the valve E controlling the outlet; F is the
inlet passage to the bath; G is the inlet or pipe for supplying the cold
water and H that for supplying the hot; I is the outlet from the bath
and K the connection to the waste; L is the spindle for actuating the
valves by means of the projection or cam L', which is operated by means
of the lever or handle M. The waste outlet valve is operated by the
handle and connection N. O is a plate attached to the spindle L,
provided with two notches or openings and guards P, P, P, P, which
allow the projection Q on the outlet valve spindle or connection to be
lifted and the valve opened when the spindle L is placed in its proper
position for this purpose so as to allow the projection Q to enter.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the plate and index shewing the actuating lever
or handle M controlling the water supply and N that controlling the
waste outlet.
Fig. 6 is a plan shewing the top of the plate O and the notches or
openings and guards P, P, P, P, into which the projection Q on the
waste outlet spindle or connection enters when the parts are in the
proper position to allow the waste outlet to be opened.
Fig. 7 is a plan shewing the top of the body A, A, containing the
valves and the cold and hot inlets G and H, with F the inlet to the
bath.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On turning the lever
or handle M. so that its point is opposite cold on the index plate, the

page_text: "
cam or projection L³ on the actuating spindle L comes in contact with
the lower part of the starting valve C¹ placed in the valve C, raising it
from its seat and allowing the water or pressure above the valve C to
escape through the opening in C, and as the motion of L' continues the
projection on the bottom of C¹ comes in contact with the bottom. of C
and raises it from its seat, opening thereby the inlet to the bath. If
placed in the middle position, as shewn in the plan, Fig. 5, and elevation,
Fig. 4, both hot and cold water are allowed to enter the bath together,
whilst the actuating lever or handle M remains in any other position on
the index plate than those marked shut"; the waste outlet connec-
tion M cannot be operated nor the outlet valve opened. By placing M at
either of the positions marked "shut," the notches or openings in O come
exactly over the projecting part Q on the outlet connection N and allow
the same to pass up and the outlet valve to be opened, the guides P, P,
ensuring its return through the notch so as to leave O free to rotate on
the outlet valve being closed. The connection with the outlet valve
passes through a tube or pipe provided with a slot or opening, as shewn,
to allow the projection Q to pass through and confine its movements to
an up and down motion.
The use of the starting valve C' in the valve C will be found illustrated
and described in my Patent 2948, granted to me in 1871, by Figs. 3, 11,
12, and 13, Sheet 4, of the said Patent.
Fig. 1, Sheet 6, is a vertical longitudinal section of an arrangement of my
self-closing waste preventing valve, a modification of the plan described
in my Patent, No. 685, patented by me in 1871, arranged to run a larger
quantity as applied for a bath, the parts being shewn at rest and
ready to be started. A, A, the shell or body forming a fixed cylinder
or socket to contain the moveable parts; B, the actuating piston or plug
formed with a screw thread on its upper part which works in the female
screw in the upper part F, F, of the apparatus. It will be seen that a
recess is formed in the actuating piston B to allow of the same rising
or descending on the actuating spindle G¹ in accordance with the
direction in which the handle G is turned; C, the adjustable regulating
valve formed as a socket, as shewn, in which the actuating piston or
plug B works; D, the raised seat; E, the outlet orifice; F, F, the
screwed upper part of the apparatus in which B works; G, the actuating
handle; G', the actuating spindle or connection; H, the inlet from the
source of supply; I, the outlet from the apparatus to the bath.
.

page_text: "
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-On turning the handle G
in the direction to open the valve, the actuating piston or plug B is
caused to rise by means of the spindle G¹, the female screw in the upper
part F, and the male screw on B, the square part or projection on G¹
working in the chamber 6 in the piston or plug B with sufficient freedom
to allow B to rise or fall on it, but not enough to permit it turning
round without turning B also. As B rises up in F, F, it rises also in
the regulating valve or socket C, destroying thereby the equilibrium of
pressure and causing C to rise also and open the outlet, and on the
upward movement of B ceasing, C slowly and gradually descends and
shuts off the supply without shock or tremor on the required quantity,
for which it is adjusted, having passed through the apparatus. The
mode of adjusting and regulating these self-closing valves has been
before described herein. The pitch of the screw will determine the
quickness of the opening movement or the rate at which the adjustable
socket valve C is raised.
Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of another arrangement of
my self-closing waste preventing valves, applicable to a closet. A, A, is
the shell or body forming a fixed cylinder or socket to contain the
working parts; B is the actuating piston or plug; C, the adjustable regu-
lating valve or socket in which B works; D; the raised seat; E, the
outlet orifice; F, F, the upper part of the apparatus in which B works,
and which is provided with the pipe or passage i leading from the space
above B into the part A, and which may be provided with an adjustable
screw plug, cock, or tap to control the escape or passage of the water;
G, the spindle for actuating B; H, the inlet from the water supply; I,
the outlet. On raising B, when its normal position is at the bottom of
the recess in C, the water above it passes down through I and permits B
to rise, whereby, as in Fig. 1, C rises also, and on releasing the actuating
arrangement, B and C descend together, and C closes the outlet; or if
B be kept up at the top or any portion of its upward travel C descends,
as shown in the Drawing, and closes the outlet, and on releasing the
actuating arrangement B descends into C as the water passes up through
i, or between the sides of B and F. This apparatus is regulated by any
or all of the means herein-before described. When preferred, the
actuating piston or plug B may be so arranged as to remain in the
position shown, and when the arrangement is put in operation, caused to
descend into the socket or recess in C, and rise with it, opening the

page_text: as before.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of another arrangement of my
self-closing waste preventing valve, as applied to a watercloset, but
capable of being arranged and applied to other use, for drawing off and
controlling the passage of liquids and preventing waste, the object being
to provide an apparatus in which the incoming water can be used most
effectively on the valve or plug C, by destroying the equilibrium of the
pressure in the chamber in which C works. In this arrangement the
body of the apparatus is made with an internal chamber or passage com-
municating with the chamber or socket, which contains the moveable
regulating valve piston, plunger, or plug, and also with the main inlet
through which the liquid or fluid enters the apparatus, and there is also
a third passage or opening by which it communicates with the outlet.
The inlet and outlet apertures are- provided with means for opening and
closing the same, which come into operation on actuating the apparatus.
A, A, the shell or body; B, the valve controlling the supply of liquid
from the main or other source; C, the moveable regulating valve piston,
plunger, or plug; D, the raised seat; E, outlet orifice; F, chamber or
passage for the liquid or fluid to the part in which C works; G, actuating
connection for operating the apparatus; H, small valve to control the
passage to outlet, which opens only when B is closed; I, inlet.
'
The action of this arrangement is as follows:- -When the apparatus
is at rest the parts are in the position shewn in the Drawing, the liquid
being shut off by the valve B (which is pressed on its seat by the action
of the water) and the chamber or passage F, and the part in which C
works, and freed from all or some of the liquid or pressure in them, the
same escaping through the passage or aperture controlled by the valve H,
which is always open when B is closed. On moving the actuating part G
the valve B is caused to open and H to close, and the water or liquid
passes through the inlet aperture controlled by B into F, and forces up
C to the top of the socket chamber or part in which it works, opening
thereby the outlet E, whence the water passes into the pan, hopper, or
receptacle, the part C slowly and gradually descending as the water'
passes up around it at a rate proportionate to the amount of "fit" of
C in its chamber, cylinder, or socket, until it reaches the raised seat D,
and shuts off the supply. On releasing G, the valve B closes directly
and Hopens, allowing the water in F and round and above C to pass

page_text: down by means of the "fit" and to escape by the outlet, so that there
remains no pressure in the apparatus, which is then ready for another
similar operation, and the stuffing box for the connection to G is only
exposed to pressure during the time the valve is operating.
By this arrangement the valve can be adjusted to pass only the
required quantity before closing, or it may be shut off at any point
below that amount by releasing or putting out of action the actuating
part G, and although the inlet may be kept open no more can pass than
the quantity for which C has been adjusted, and thus all waste of water
from leaving the inlet open is entirely prevented.
When preferred the valve H may be dispensed with, and a small
aperture or apertures be provided to allow the water or pressure in F
and above and around -C to escape or trickle out when the valve B is
closed. No ground in tap or cock should be employed in place of B, as
the same is liable to leakage, and to cause inconvenience, but a valve of
any suitable form or arrangement may be employed.
It will be seen by this arrangement that as air passes quicker than
water through an aperture of the same size the operation of the valve is
quicker and more reliable than when the space above C is fully charged
with water. An elastic bag or its equivalent compressed by the pressure
of the water, which will enable C to operate from altering the equi-
librium above C may be employed.
"
Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet 1, shew in elevation two arrangements of my
supplementary cistern, and ball or float and valve for controlling the
supply inlet to baths, so as to prevent any overflow of the same in case
the inlet or supply valve, cock, or opening should be left open longer
than necessary to supply the proper quantity of water. It will be seen
that this arrangement only comes into action in case the water level
rises above the proper point, and does not go out of action until the water
be reduced to its proper level. Fig. 6 is a section of bath shewing
position of cistern. A is the supplementary cistern containing the ball
or float and connections for operating the valve or cock controlling the
inlet; B, the ball or float; C, the connection to the valve or cock; D,
the valve or cock; E, inlet; F, bath to which the supplementary
cistern is attached or connected; G, inlet from bath to supplementary
cistern. The water may enter the bath through this supplementary
cistern if desired, as shewn in Fig. 5, or the supplementary cistern may

page_text: be so placed as to enable the inlet or supply entrance to be controlled
thereby or therefrom without the water entering the bath through the
cistern, as shewn in Fig. 4, as preferred or as most convenient. The
float B, in Fig. 4, is weighted to overcome the resistance of the pressure
on the valve D, which closes with the stream in order to secure, a tight
joint, and prevent leakage, although the inlet valves may be left
open.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section (Fig. 8, a plan, and Fig. 9, a
front view of the index plate) of another arrangement of my improved
valve apparatus for controlling the supply of water to baths, and pre-
venting the inlet and outlet apertures being open at the same time, and
so preventing waste. This apparatus consists of inlet valves for the hot
and cold supply, and a valve for the waste, which is so arranged that ·
neither of the inlets can be opened when the outlet is opened, and that
opening the waste shall prevent the opening of either inlet. This
arrangement is actuated by the spindle L, which is moved by the
handle M¹ on the dial plate and the levers L', which are provided with
antifriction rollers or pullies, come in contact with and actuate the
weighted levers M, controlling the hot and cold supply, and raise them
up so as to open the hot or cold as desired, and a stop is provided to
prevent the entire rotation of the spindle L. The waste outlet valve E
is actuated by the lever L' and connection Ņ (which passes between the
antifriction rollers or pullies E¹) when the lever L' rises to its full
extent. On turning the landle M¹ so that the point on the same stands
at cold the lever L' comes in contact with the weighted lever M con-
trolling the supply of cold water, and opens the inlet. It will be seen
by the Drawings that the levers are so arranged that when either of the
thrce is in action the other two are out of action, and by this means
waste of water is prevented.
Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet 6, are another arrangement of Fig. 3 for bath
or other use, similar parts being shewn by similar letters.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I desire to state that I do not claim as my Invention
the arranging of cisterns or cistern valves to prevent waste of water,
as this has been done before; nor do I claim the use of baths, water-
closets, nor leaving the ball or float free to descend with the water,

page_text: nor all of the parts of the apparatus individually as new when applied to
these purposes; nor do I bind or confine myself to the precise arrange-
ments or details shewn in the accompanying six Sheets of Drawings, as
the same admit of being modified without departing from the nature of
my said Invention; but what I do claim as novel and as of my In-
vention and desire to have protected by Letters Patent is,—
.
First. Constructing waterclosets so as to admit of the water being
supplied to the same without the use of a continuous or uninterrupted
pipe or passage connected with the source of supply, cistern, or reservoir,
and the pan, hopper, or receptacle of the closet, whereby the con- 1
tamination of the water by foul air or other noisome or impure matter
from the closet passing up through or by the pipe or passage to the.
source of supply, cistern, or reservoir is prevented, substantially as
herein-before described and specified.
Second. Arranging the inlet and outlet apertures of baths so that the
inlet and outlet passages or openings cannot be opened or partially open
together or at the same time, whereby waste is prevented, and arranging
the parts so that the inlet is not used for the outlet, nor the outlet for
the inlet, and cleanliness is obtained thereby, and providing baths with
the supplementary cistern or arrangements to prevent the overflow of 2
the water in case the supply inlet is left open too long, substantially as
herein-before described and specified.
Third. Arranging self-closing waste preventing valves so as to work
under water when required, arranging the air pipe G in such valves
so as to prevent the escape of foul air or noxious gases, the modes of 2
actuating the self-closing waste preventing valves, herein-before described,
and the application of a self-closing valve in the conductor or pipe of the
closet pan, hopper, or receptacle, substantially as herein-before described
and specified and for the purposes specified.
Fourth. The modes of actuating the parts controlling the water supply 3
for waterclosets by exhaustion or compression, substantially as herein-
before described and specified, and operating the self-closing waste
preventing valves by the same means for other purposes.
Fifth. Arranging self-closing waste preventing valves so as to operate
in the manner herein-before described, modifications of which are shewn 3
in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, Sheet 6, substantially as herein-before described,.
illustrated, and specified.

page_text: Sixth. The arrangements of self-closing waste preventing cisterns for
closet and other use, and the arrangement of inlet valves, shewn in Fig. 9,
Sheet 2, substantially as herein-before described and specified.
Seventh. Arranging self-acting self-discharging waterclosets in the
manner herein-before described and specified.
Lastly. The combinations and arrangements of the closets, baths,
self-closing waste preventing valves, cisterns, and supplementary bath
cisterns, or any mere modifications thereof, shown in the accompanying
six Sheets of. Drawings and herein-before described and for the purposes
specified.
"
'In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Tylor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January, in the year
ALFRED TYLOR. (L.S.)