Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1887
Complete Left, 28th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 4th May, 1888.
I MILES POSTLETHWAITE of The Hollins Whitehaven in the County of Cumberland
Esquire do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
.
My Invention has for its object to provide hats or head coverings with means for
securing ventilation whilst they are in wear. According to my luvention I provide
a passage or uptake for the heated air from the hat and a casing or channel for the
admission of external air the said passage and casing both communicating with the
exterior of the hat and with the interior of the hat so that there are distinct passages
through which the hot air escapes and the cooler air enters respectively.
The arrangement I prefer is as follows:-
A lining or false crown is placed in the hat leaving a space between itself and the
crown proper. In the centre of this space and passing therethrough from the interior
to the exterior of the hat is a tube and surrounding the tube is a casing communi-
cating with the exterior by openings in the crown and with flat sides in which are
openings communicating with the outer space between the crown proper and the
lining or false crown which latter has openings in it communicating with the interior
of the hat.
The air from inside the hat passes out by the central tube and external air
consequently enters into the casing surrounding it and passes by the openings in the
flat sides thereof and by the openings in the lining or false crown into the interior
of the hat.
To ensure the proper passage of the currents of air the central tube may have
openings in its sides with deflectors to turn off any down current and direct it into
the casing whilst the openings in the flat sides of the casing may have silk or mica
flaps or other valves to close the openings against up currents.
The exit tube may be covered with felt or other material or composition to keep
the said tube warm and facilitate the action of the ventilator.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents for the said Miles Postlethwaite.

page_text: I MILES POSTLETHWAITE of The Hollins Whitehaven in the County of Cumberland
Esquire do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention has for its object to provide hats or head coverings with efficient
means for securing ventilation whilst they are in wear.
According to my Invention I provide a passage or uptake for the heated air from
the hat and a casing or channel or channels for the admission of external air the
said passage (or uptake) and casing (or channel or channels) both communicating
with the exterior of the hat and with the interior of the hat so that there are distinct
passages through which the hot air escapes and the cooler air enters respectively the
arrangement and means or devices in connection therewith being such as hereinafter
described that the proper movement of the air is secured.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed drawings the same letters of reference indicating corresponding
parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a section of a hat provided with a ventilating arrangement according
to my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan and Figure 3 a vertical section of the said arrangement drawn
to an enlarged scale.
Figure 4 is a section similar to Figure 1 of a modified arrangement.
Figure 5 is a plan and Figure 6 a vertical section of the same drawn to an
enlarged scale.
Figure 7 is a section of a portion of a helmet provided with an arrangement of
inlet passages like those shewn in Figure 4.
Figures 8 and 9 are details hereinafter referred to.
Referring to Figures 1. 2 and 3 a lining or falso crown A is placed in the hat
leaving a space B between itself and the crown proper C.
In this space B (preferably in the centre thereof and passing therethrough
from the interior to the exterior of the hat is a tube D and surrounding this
tube is a casing E communicating with the exterior by openings e in the crown
of the hat and by openings f at its sides with the space B between the crown
proper C and the lining or false crown A which latter has openings a in it
communicating with the interior of the hat. The space between the crown proper
and the lining or false crown instead of being used as a passage for air may be
-

page_text: replaced or supplemented by tubes G (as shewn in the section Figure 4) leading
from the aforesaid casing E the said tubes preferably extending to the sides of
the hat and down the sides and terminating and opening just above the head of
the wearer of the hat their open lower ends being shielded or cut off from direct
communication with the interior of the hat, by extending into the space between
the sweat hand or sweat linings and the sides of the hat as seen in Figure 4.
The object of this is to prevent the incoming currents of cool air from being
interfered with by warm air which might otherwise pass into the tubes.
In both arrangements the air from inside the hat passes out by the central
tube D and external air consequently enters by the openings e into the casing E
surrounding it and passes by the openings in the sides thereof and by the
openings in the lining or false crown or by the tubes which may be used in
place thereof into the interior of the hat. If desired the arrangement of Figure 1
as regards the admission of external air may be combined with the arrangement
Figure 4 by making openings through the sides of the casing E and in the false
crown as at and a Figure 1. To insure the proper passage of the currents of
air the central tube D has openings d in its sides at the lower ends of which
are inwardly and upwardly inclined deflectors which act to prevent the passage
of incoming air currents through this tube by deflecting through the openings d
into the casing or exterior chamber such external air as may from time to time
accidentally enter the tube and preserving the passage D practically free for the
escape of heated air. Hoods d2 may if desired be applied to the exterior of the
openings d to turn off and downwards currents of external air and provent them
from entering the tube D through these openings. The openings in the sides of
the casing through which the cold air passes in the arrangement shown in Figure 1
have silk or mica flaps or equivalent valves (as shewn at e) to close the openings
against up currents. These flaps or valves are more especially applicable to the
arrangement wherein the space between the crown proper and the false crown or
lining is used as a cold air passage as in Figure 1. The sides of the casing may be
flattened to seat these flaps or valves but the flaps or valves may be dispensed with.
When the tubes G are used the lower ends or any suitable part may be covered withi
flaps or valves for the like purpose. But the arrangement of these open lower ends
between the sweat band and the sides of the hat as herein before provided will in most
instances alone answer the purpose.
In this way I am enabled to assure the proper movement of both the outgoing and
the incoming currents of air.
The openings may have hoods over them as at f" Figures 1 and 3.
The exit tube D may be covered with felt or other material or composition as
shewn at Figures 1 and 3 to keep the said tube warm and facilitate the action of
the ventilator. Or the said tube and the casing E may both be so covered as shewn
in Figure 4.
x is an eyelet by which the material of the crown is secured to the tube D and y
is a piece of cloth or other material fixed to the upper edge of the casing E for
securing it to the crown of the Hat.
Figure 7 is a section showing the application of the invention to a helmet. The
boss or top ornament J in which the spike J2 is supported acts as the inlet chamber B
it having openings at e for external air and having a bottom plate E in which the hat
body is secured as at E. Into this bottom plate the stems or short tubes G² open
and to these stems or short tubes the air inlet tubes G (like those herein beforo
described) are affixed the said tubes having their lower ends shielded from the heated
air as hereinbefore provided. In the said bottom plate E is also a screwed hollow
stem D2 into which a tube D screws the said tube forming the means of connecting
the spike J² to the boss or top ornament J and acting as the uptake for heated air the
upper end of the said tube opening into the cross tube D³ which communicates with
the outer air by openings at its ends.
Figure 8 is a plan of the bottom plate E and Figure 9 shows the spike separately.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. The combination with the hat body of the uptake or exit tube provided with
side openings and internal deflectors the casing for admission of external air and
passages or channels leading therefrom to the interior of the hat as and for the
purposes hereinbefore set forth.
Second. The combination with the bat body of the uptake or exit tube, the casing
for the admission of external air and tubes or channels G leading from said casing to
the lower part of the interior of the hat with their lower ends shielded or segregated
from the portion of the hat containing the heated air substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore set forth.
Third. The combination with the hat body of the uptake or exit tube provided
with side openings and internal deflectors the casing for admission of the external air
and the passages G leading from the said casing to the lower part of the hat
substantially as and for the purposes-herein before set forth.
Fourth. The combination with the helmet body the casing for the admission of
external air, the passages G leading therefrom to the lower part of the interior of
the helmet and shielded or protected at their lower ends as described and the uptake
tube or exit tube or passage extending from the crown of the helmet up into and
through the spike thereof substantially as and for the purposes bereinbefore set
forth.
Fifth. In or for bats or coverings for the head a ventilating arrangement consisting
of a casing and descending tube or tubes for the admission of external air and an
uptake passing through the said casing for the up current all being arranged or
provided with devices for controlling the up and down currents and keeping them to
their proper course substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Sixth. The arrangement or combination of parts constituting a ventilator sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1. 2
and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Seventh. The arrangement or combination of parts constituting a ventilator
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Eighth. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting a ventilator
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
1005