IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF REELS, SPOOLS, OR BOBBINS, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR.
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Wirth, of the Firm of Wirth and Company,
Patent Solicitors, at Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF REELS, SPOOLS,
OR BOBBINS, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR.' A communication from
Peter Adt, III., Peter Adt, junior, Johann Baptist Adt, and Eduard Adt,
trading under the Firm of Adt Brothers, persons resident at Forbach
(Germany), Ensheim (Germany), and Pont-à-Mousson (France).
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank Wirth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th September 1878.
11
1
FRANK WIRTI, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at Frank-
fort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC
TURE OF REELS, SPOOLS, OR BOBBINS, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR." [A
communication from Peter Adt, III., Peter Adt, junior, Johann Baptist Adt, and
Eduard Adt, trading under the Firm of Adt Brothers, persons resident at Forbach
(Germany), Enshein (Germany), and Pont-à-Mousson (France).]
This Invention relates to the manufacture of bobbins, spools, or reels for use
with spinning and weaving machinery, and for holding thread and lace of various
kinds and the like in a convenient manner for sale and general use, and in machinery
therefor.
i
According to the said Invention I make these bobbins, reels, or spools chiefly of
pasteboard in place of wood as heretofore ordinarily practised.
I am aware that pasteboard has been previously used for this purpose according
to the method of inanufacture described in the Specification of letters Patent
granted to Francis Robert Baker, dated 14 October A.D. 1875, No. 3567, but without
practical success, and this Invention is designed to provide means whereby the
difficulties heretofore existing will be obviated.

page_text: The said Invention comprises various different constructions of bobbins, reels, or
spools, and machinery for manufacturing the saine.
Bobbins made of pasteboard consist of three different parts which are connected
with each other, that is to say, the central tube and the two heads. The tube is
rolled out of paper or thin pasteboard by a machine herein-after described, or if
they are designed for very small thread bobbins the tubes are formed of two half
shells. These are pressed out of pasteboard bands by suitable machinery into the
respective forms. The construction of the tubes of two or more segments is a novel
feature of this Invention, as well as the composition of several bands parallel with
the axis by suitable machinery. Rollei tubes are already known, but the machinery
for making them as herein-after described is novel.
I will now describe various forms of bobbins, reels, or spools, as constructed
according to this Invention.
I provide a tube which is composed of two halves on which are fixed the two
heads stamped from pasteboard either by a machine or by hand. Thus prepared,
the hollow bobbin is passed to a machine which introduces it between two plugs
and two plates, and which by revolution and pressure gives the bobbin the desired
shape. This bobbin perfectly replaces the same sort of wooden bobbin, and there-
fore may be adapted without any alteration to the reels. The plugs are provided
with the same hole as in the corresponding wooden bobbins.
I also construct a bobbin which is slighter than those of wood, but which
notwithstanding is firm enough to endure a strong tension of the threads. For
spinning, a thick spindle must be used instead of the thin one which adapts itself
exactly to the interior tube. In this arrangement the plugs are not wanted, and
the weight of the bobbin therefore is considerably diminished. The extremities of
the tubes are turned up and pressed against the head which is hollow where they
are fastened; the plates are folded over to the inner side. This kind of bobbin is
superior to all wooden bobbins by reason of its cheapness and lightness.
I also construct a bobbin like the one just herein-before described, excepting that
instead of the plate being folded over I use a simple flat plate. If required, these
plates may be supplied loose with the bobbins and be provided with trade labels.
In this case the latter are fastened to the heads after the thread has been already
spooled. The hole in the plate may be stamped as large as it is wanted.
I also construct a bobbin with the tube long enough, so that by pressing it
lengthwise the ends flatten out and form a solid head. If this bobbin or the one
last described are to be provided with narrow holes so that they may be used for
the existing thin spindles, their extremities are furnished with plugs similar to
those described in the first-named construction.
For small bobbins with low heads I provide a thick tube but a narrow spindle
hole; therefore a plug must be used which is provided with an opening.
In order to fasten the trade labels to the heads of the bobbins, the heads must be
flat, and to obtain this, the two plates turned over to the inner side are fixed upon
the heads.
Bobbins, the grooves of which are but 1-3 m wide, are formed of one piece of
tube by revolution and pressure of the heads. The chief difference between my
methods of construction and those described in the said former Specification,
consists in the manner of connecting the tube to the heads. According to the
aforesaid Specification, the tube is turned up over the massive head, and by rotatory
mullers the extremities are folded over the border of the interior hole of the head.
The paper follows this forced folding only after having been considerably crumpled
in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and this causes the paper immediately to
extend again as soon as the bobbin is exposed to a longitudinal traction during the
reeling of the thread.
In manufacturing according to the said former Specification, the head is main-
tained by folding the tube, but according to this Invention I simply turn up the
latter and fasten it by strong pressure to the inside of the hollow head; by adding
the plate I prevent the tube from extending.

page_text: The different kinds of thread bobbins require as many different constructions,
and other forms than those above described may be made according to the principles
of this Invention. Whatever may be the construction of the bobbin, I always make
the cover of the same of paper or pasteboard, and only make use of heavy material
if it is absolutely necessary, a solid piece of wood being very seldom made use of.
In constructing bobbins for spinning purposes the rolled or drawn tube is turned
or folded over the heads during the time that the tube is being made. The head
consists of a shell which has been previously properly stamped, and of plates and a
filling substance. The said shell is fixed on the tube which has been previously
cut to a suitable length, then the filling substance which consists of rolled paste-
board bands is fastened to the shell with glue or paste, upon this the said plates
are fixed. The tube so provided on both sides with all the said parts is passed to a
machine which so moulds and presses it that a strong and firm bobbin is produced.
This construction is used for bobbins with large but light heads. If the heads are
intended to be thick but also strong and heavy, the construction is somewhat
modified, that is to say, instead of forming a hollow head and placing a filling
substance only where a particular firmness is wanted, the whole head is formed of
rolled pasteboard bands. After these strips have been cut, they are rolled up into
a disc by hand or by a machine, then they are placed into pressure moulds or dies
and exposed to a strong pressure corresponding to their original form. These discs
may be also stamped out of one thick piece of pasteboard, but in this method there
will always be a great deal of waste, and the finished discs will be readily deformed
if they are exposed to humidity. These spinning bobbins turn on the spindles with
very little friction, and therefore the spindles must be as thin as possible, the
corresponding hole must be rather narrow. The extremities of the tube are closed
by wood or pasteboard plugs.
To prevent the turned-up parts from projecting, the head is provided with a
groove which serves to hide the said turned-up parts.
For light bobbins to hold laces, string, or similar articles, another construction is
employed. The head is formed of rather strong pasteboard pressed into the
respective forms. The tube is split at its extremities, and the projecting, small
pieces are pressed into the groove of the head. If a particular firmness is wanted,
a second disc or plate is fixed on the head.
In place of the so-called wooden "castle reels" I form the same of paper as
follows: The rolled paper tube is turned up at the upper part and the lower
extremity is pressed together, so that above and below the interior diameter
diminishes. Meanwhile the tube remains straight at the upper part, while the low
part has become narrower; a metal ring is stripped over the smaller part, and
between this ring and the paper walls the parts are stamped.
I will now proceed to describe the machinery constructed according to this
Invention for manufacturing the said bobbins, reels, or spools.
The machinery for rolling the tubes is constructed as follows, that is to say :-
The rolling apparatus coinprises a spindle around which the paper tube is rolled,
also two expanding rollers, a pulley, and an india-rubber strap. The said pulley is
fixed upon a driving shaft, the india-rubber strap passes around the pulley and to
the said spindle which is almost totally embraced by it, then the strap proceeds to
the expanding roller and returns to the pulley. There is a movable table from
which a strip of paper enters between the spindle and the strap, and is turned with
the latter around the spindle. The paper strip is pasted, and therefore it is fixed to
the spindle and the following parts will roll up round the spindle. The breadth of
the paper strip corresponds with the required length of the tube, and its length
depends on the required thickness of the tube and upon the kind of paper used.
After the whole paper strip has been thus rolled up the rolling mechanism still
continues its course for some revolutions in order to fix the extremity of the paper
strip. This time is not lost and the machine has a double effect, that is to say,
while on one side the spindle turns without rolling up a strip a tube is formed on
the other side. As soon as the tube has been firmly pasted it is stripped off from

page_text: the spindle. For this purpose the whole system inust open to destroy the expansion
which till then has maintained the strap and other parts, and the paper tube and
the stripper must begin its functions.
The roller rests in the fork of an arm, the latter being fixed to a lever which is
placed upon an axis. If the lever moves back ward its nose pushes against a pin,
and consequently the arm with the roller sinks down. By this arrangement, the
expansion of the strap is entirely prevented and the spindle stands perfectly free.
The stripper then strips off the finished tube.
When all parts are replaced into their original position the introduction of the
newly-pasted paper strip may take place.
The movement of the different parts is produced by the following mechanism,
that is to say -
(1.) The driving shaft with two driving pulleys.
(2.) A worm which moves in the proportion of 1: 20, a worm wheel, and its
axle.
(3.) A groove in a cam on the axle carrying the worm wheel, and which moves
the roller by means of a lever carrying a pin or stud working in the cam groove,
the aforesaid lever axle, and the lever working thereon with the said arm.
(4.) An excentric moving the stripper by means of a lever.
The spindle is screwed into a shaft; it therefore may be exchanged and tubes of
different diameters may be produced. The machine may be constructed for different
lengths of tubes.
It is possible that with respect to longer tubes the shaft just
named and the spindle will not be sufficiently turned round by the mere friction of
the india-rubber strap, and in this caso pulleys must be provided upon the said
shaft, these pulleys being operated by means of the shaft carrying the first-named
pulley.
The machinery above described only performs automatically the rolling up and
stripping off of the tubes; but it is also necessary that the paper should be cut,
pasted, and introduced separately; all these operations may however be performed
by one single machine, which I will now proceed to describe. The paper is as broad
as the desired length of the tubes. From a roll it enters between two rollers which
communicate to the strip the required rapidity and draw it off from the roll. From
the said rollers it is guided to the india-rubber strap which passes over two pulleys,
and by means of brushes it is covered with paste. The paste is contained in a
reservoir.
A shaft or spindle forins one wall of this reservoir, and is therefore constantly
covered with paste. A stripper prevents the brush from bringing too much paste
to the spindle. From the two pulleys the paper passes a cutting apparatus which
cuts it into proper lengths; it comes then to a loose band, from whence it passes on
to the rolling apparatus above described.
With this machinery I construct tubes of from 30 to 60 cmn in length, and whose
thickness inay amount to from 20 to 40 "/m
I desire it to be understood that this machinery is not the same as the well-
known cop case machines that are sometimes used; cop cases are only from 10 to
12 cm long and 3/4" thick.
I construct machinery for making large twist bobbins and small thread bobbins
as follows:-
Two spindles are provided which rest in two supports, and their extremities,
which are turned to each other, are provided with two stamps which are formed to
correspond to the heads of the bobbins.
After all the preparations above described the so-formed bobbin is placed in a
case where it is pressed in a longitudinal direction by the said stamps, which make
800 revolutions every minute, and then proceeds as a finished bobbin to the last
manipulations of oiling, baking, coloring, and smoothing. The workman only has
to place the combined bobbin into the case and to wait until the machine has done
its work, whereupon he takes it out.
The longitudinal movements of the spindles are produced by two levers which

page_text: are moved by excentrics fixed upon worm wheels. These wheels are rotated by
spirals that move on a spindle; the latter is moved by the driving gear.
This spindle rotates 200 times every minute; the proportion of the worm and
the respective worm wheel is 1: 20, consequently the spindles produce a longitudinal'
pressure ten times each minute, and therefore ten bobbins can be finished in one
ininute.
The two spindles with the stamps are actuated by a lower shaft; one of thein
turns to the right, the other to the left side, so that the parts of the bobbin which
are pressed into the case, but sometimes are not solidly grasped, never can follow
the rotatory motion, but by the friction produced by the tension the parts all will
be equally round:
This case former in combining with the excentrics may easily be so managed
that the case opens and shuts automatically and throws out the finished bobbin.
It will be readily understood that different formers may be applied to the
machine. These formers are provided with exactly the same boring, that is to say,
they are of exactly the same size throughout as the wooden bobbin from which the
pasteboard bobbin is to be copied. The stampers which are screwed to the spindles
are formed to correspond to the desired bobbin heads, yet the entire construction of
the bobbin must be the same.
I also construct a bobbin-forming machine for small-thread bobbins and with
automatic oiling arrangements, which machine is provided with substantially the
same mechanism as herein-before described, and for automatically applying and
pasting the head plates and the plugs I employ mechanism as follows:
Their
A form disc rests upon the shaft carrying the first-nained pulley, and contains six
equal forms, half of which are fixed on the disc and half on the covers.
movement is revolver-like, so that after each pressure of the stampers and by the
longitudinal notion of the spindles the disc advances for 1% of its circumference,
and after every push a new bobbin is brought before the stampers. This pushing
movement is performed by grooves in a pawl and a ratchet wheel. The covers of
the form disc are shut during the revolution in passing over a roller. The two half
tubes, upon which are fixed the hollow head plates, are placed into those forms of
the disc that are open at the upper end; then they proceed by pushes until they
are pressed, and standing before the stampers are provided with the plugs and
plates.
Further on they are pressed and proceed as finished bobbins into another position,
when they are taken out by peculiar mechanism.
A slide serves to fasten the plugs and plates, and is fixed on the right worm
wheel by levers and by a rod. The to-and-fro movement of the slide is effected by
the above-mentioned parts. If the lever with the slide occupies a position in front
of the machine the plugs are automatically put on in falling one by one from the
channel, where they are kept into the opening of the slide below. During the
forward movement the upper part of the slide glides under the opening of the
channel, and thus hinders the other plugs from falling down.
To put on the small plates, which are kept in tubes and advance by the aid of.
weights against the lateral plates of the slide, a small cavity is provided in the
right and left sides of the slide plates.
The said small plates adapt themselves exactly to these cavities. The cavity is
perfectly filled by such a plate, and the surface of the slide is quite straight. When
the slide moves on the small plate remains in the cavity and thus advances to the
stamper. The opening through which the plugs fall down and that which contains
the plates are constructed concentrically, so that a tenon passing through the middle
will exactly pierce the holes of the plate and of the plug. This tenon is fixed on
the stamper itself. If the slide is empty and is moving back when it has arrived
at the end of its stroke the cavities will be exactly opposite to the channels and the
tubes, so that the plugs and plates may be adapted without any hindrance. If
then the slide proceeds the centre of the plug comes immediately opposite to the

page_text: centre of the plate, and both stand directly before the stamper. When after this
the stamper approaches the form disc it shoots up the plates and plugs, then stands
still for one moment, and gives room for the slide to move out of its way; at last it
stamps on the desired parts and thus finishes the bobbin.
For pasting the small plate upon the interior side, which is turned to the bobbin,
a reservoir of paste continually feeds s:nall brushes which pass through small tubes,
and are fixed on both sides of the slide. During the back movement of the latter
these brushes touch the empty cavities which are to receive the sinall plates and
thus paste it, whereupon the plates adhere to the cavities and there is always
. sufficient paste between the parts that are to be connected.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frank Wirth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th March
1879.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at Frank-
fort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF REELS, SPOOLS, OR BOBBINS, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR." A
communication from Peter Adt, III., Peter Adt, junior, Johann Baptist Adt, and
Eduard Adt, trading under the Firm of Adt Brothers, persons resident at Forbach
(Germany), Ensheim (Germany), and Pont-à-Mousson (France).
This Invention relates to the manufacture of bobbins, spools, or reels for use with
spinning and weaving machinery, and for holding thread and lace of various kinds
and the like in a convenient manner for sale and general use and to inachinery
therefor.
According to the said Invention I make these bobbins, reels, or spools chiefly of
pasteboard in place of wood as heretofore ordinarily practised.
I am aware that pasteboard has been previously used for this purpose according
to the method of manufacture described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to Francis Robert Baker, dated 14th October A.D. 1875, No. 3567, but
without practical success, and this Invention is designed to provide means whereby
the difficulties heretofore existing will be obviated.
The said Invention comprises various different constructions of bobbins, reels, or
spools, and machinery for manufacturing the same.
Bobbins made of pasteboard consist of three different parts which are connected
with each other; that is to say, the central tube a, and the two heads b, b¹, as shewn
in Figure 4 of the Drawings. The tube a, Figures 1, 2, or 3 is rolled out of paper
or thin pasteboard by a machine herein-after described, or if they are designed for
very small thread bobbins the tubes are formed of two half shells. These are pressed
out of pasteboard bands by suitable machinery into the respective forms. The
construction of the tubes of two or more segments is a novel feature of this Inven-
tion, as well as the composition of several bands parallel with the axis by suitable
machinery. Rolled tubes are already known but the machinery for making them
as herein-after described is novel.
I will now describe various forms of bobbins, reels, or spools as constructed
according to this Invention.
In Figure 7, represents the tube which is composed of two halves on which are
fixed the two heads b, b', stamped from pasteboard either by a machine or by hand.
Thus prepared, the hollow bobbin is passed to a machine which introduces it between
two plugs c, c, and two plates d, d, and which by revolution and pressure gives
the hobbin the desired shape as is represented by Figure 4. This bobbin perfectly
replaces the saine sort of wooden bobbin and therefore may be adapted without any
alteration to the reels. The plugs c are provided with the same hole as is in the
corresponding wooden bobbins.
For
Figure 5 represents a bobbin which is slighter than those of wood but which
notwithstanding is firm enough to endure a strong tension of the threads.
spinning a thick spindle must be used instead of the thin one, which adapts itself
exactly to the interior tube a. In this arrangement the plugs c, c, are not wanted
and the weight of the bobbin therefore is considerably diminished.
The extremities of the tubes are turned up and pressed against the hollow head
where they are fastened; the plates d are folded over to the inner side. This kind
of bobbin is superior to all wooden bobbins by reason of its cheapness and
lightness.
Figure 6 shews a bobbin like the one shewn in Figure 5, excepting that instead
of the folded over plate d I use a simple flat plate, d¹. If required these plates.
may be supplied loose with the bobbins and be provided with the trade labels... In

page_text: this case the latter are fastened to the heads after the thread has been already
spooled. The hole h in the plate may be stamped as large as required.
In Figure 7 I have shewn a bobbin with the tube of such a length that by
pressing it lengthwise the ends flatten out and form a solid head as shewn. If the
bobbins shewn in Figures 6 and 7 are to be provided with narrow holes so that
they may be used for the existing thin spindles their extremities are furnished with
plugs similar to those above described and shewn at c, c.
Figure 8 shews the construction of small bobbins with low heads, a thick tube,
but a narrow spindle hole h. Therefore a plug c must be used, which is provided
with the opening h. If a large or small opening be immaterial I make use of the
construction shewn in Figure 9.. In order to fasten the trade labels to the heads of
the bobbins, the heads must be flat, and to obtain this the two plates d, d, turned
over to the inner side are fixed upon the heads.
Figure 10 represents the construction of bobbins whose grooves or notches are
but 1-3 mm wide and which are formed of one piece of tube by revolution and
pressure of the heads. The chief difference between my methods of construction
and those described in the said former Specification consists in the manner of
connecting the tube to the heads. According to the aforesaid Specification the
tube is turned up over the massive head, and by rotatory mullers the extremities
are folded over the border of the interior hole of the head. The paper follows this
forced folding only after having been considerably crumpled in the longitudinal
direction of the tube, and this causes the paper immediately to extend again as soon
as the bobbin is exposed to a longitudinal traction during the reeling of the
thread.
་
In manufacturing according to the said former Specification the head is maintained
by folding the tube, but according to this Invention I simply turn up the latter and
fasten it by strong pressure to the inside of the hollow head; by adding the plate
d. I prevent the tube from extending.
The different kinds of thread bobbins require as many different constructions and
other forms than those above described may be made according to the principles of
this Invention. Whatever may be the construction of the bobbin I always make
the cover of the same of paper or paste board, and only make use of heavy material
if it is absolutely necessary, a solid piece of wood being very seldom made use of.
Although I have described the use of the plugs c and plates d in connection with
the said bobbins to permit the sticking on of the labels I may in some cases form
the said bobbin with the outer frame, consisting of the tube a and the two hollow
heads b, b', only, and fill the hollow spaces with any suitable light material which is
lighter than wood, whereby my improved bobbins although having the same dimen-
sions as wooden ones are much lighter. This result is obtained when the spool
head is filled out solid as shewn in Figure 7, but if material is saved and hollow
spaces left within the body then the spool is rendered still lighter and quite strong
enough, and even lighter than that shewn in Figure 6. The heads being filled out
solid and flat permit the labels to be pasted thereon.
Figure 11 represents a bobbin for spinning purposes; the rolled or drawn tubé a
is turned or folded over the heads during the time that the tube is being made.
The head b consists of a shell which has been previously properly stamped, and
of the plates f and the filling substance g. The said shell is fixed on the tube a,.
which has been previously cut to a suitable length, then the filling substance which
consists of rolled pasteboard bands is fastened to the shell with glue or paste; upon
these bands the said plate ƒ is fixed. Or instead of using the said pasteboard
bands as a filling substance I sometimes fill the space between the aforesaid plate f
and shell with a mass of light material, thereby still further reducing the weight
of the said bobbin. The tube so provided on both sides with all the said parts is
passed to a machine which so moulds and presses it that a strong and firm bobbin
is produced. This construction is used for bobbins with large but light heads.
Instead of forming a hollow head and placing a filling substance only where a par-
ticular firmness is wanted, the whole head may be formed of a mass of suitable light

page_text: materials of the form shewn in Figure 12, or of rolled pasteboard bands. After
these strips have been cut they are rolled up into discs by hand or by a machine;
then they are placed into proper inoulds or dies and exposed to a strong pressure
corresponding to their original forn. These discs may be also stamped out of one
thick piece of pasteboard, but in this method there will always be a great deal of
waste and the finished discs will be easily deformed if they are exposed to humidity.
These spinning bobbins turn on the spindles with very little friction and therefore
the spindles must be as thin as possible; the corresponding hole must be rather
narrow. The extremities of the tube are closed by wood or pasteboard plugs h,
as shewn, the said plugs being provided at their outer and rounded ends with a pro-
jecting rim. These tubes, after the heads b are forced into their places, are
rounded or pressed over on both sides, the plugs h having been placed within the
said tubes previous to such pressure.
For light bobbins to hold laces, string, or similar articles, I employ a bobbin con-
structed as shown in Figure 13, in which the head 6 is formed of rather strong paste-
board pressed into the respective forms. The tube a is split at its extremities and
the projecting small pieces are pressed into the recess or groove of the head. If a
particular firmness is required a second disc or plate d is fixed on the said head.
Figure 14 of the accompanying Drawings represents a "Booth-Sawyer's" bobbin
constructed of paper, and produced as herein-after described by machinery similar to
that for the manufacture of spools and bobbins. By my Invention any kind of
paper reels can be constructed such as "Mason's" cotton castle reels, plain tubes,
leaded tubes, and others.
I will now proceed to describe the machinery constructed according to this
Invention for manufacturing the said bobbins, reels, or spools.
The machinery for roiling the tubes is shewn in Figures 15, 16, and 17, and is
constructed as follows, that is to say:-The rolling apparatus consists of the
spindle S, around which the paper tube is to be rolled two expanding rollers a,
and h, the pulley A, and the india-rubber strap r. The pulley A is fixed upon the
driving shaft B, the india-rubber strap r passing around the said pulley and inoving
in the direction indicated by the arrows to the spindle S, which is almost totally
embraced by it; the strap then proceeds to the expanding roller, and then returns
to the pulley A; T, Figure 15, represents a movable table from which a strip of
paper enters in the direction indicated by the arrow o between the spindle and the
strap, and is turned with the latter around the said spindle. The paper strip is
pasted and therefore it is fixed to the spindle, and the following parts will roll up
round the spindle. The breadth of the paper strip corresponds with the required
length of the tube, and its length depends on the required thickness of the tube and
upon the kind of paper used. After the whole paper strip has been thus rolled up,
the rolling mechanisin still continues its course for some revolutions in order to
firmly fix the extremity of the paper strip. This time is not lost however and the
machine has a double effect, that is to say, while on one side the spindle turns
without rolling up a strip, a tube is formed in the other side. As soon as the tube
has been firinly pasted is stripped off from the aforesaid spindle S. For this
purpose the whole system must open to destroy the expansion which till then has
maintained the strap r, the parts S, a, and b, and the paper tube and the stripper f
must begin its functions.
Figure 15 represents the systern closed, and
Figure 16 the system opened.
The roller a rests in the fork of an arm, the latter being fixed to a lever d
which is placed upon an axis g. If the lever a noves backward from the position
shewn in Figure 1 to that shewn in Figure 2, the nose i pushes against a pin K,
and consequently the arin c with the roller a sinks down. By this arrangement
the expansion of the strap is entirely prevented and the spindle S stands perfectly
free. The stripper ƒ then strips off the finished tube.
When all the parts are again returned to their original position the introduction
of the newly pasted paper strip may take place.

page_text: The movement of the different parts is produced by the following mechanism,
that is to say:-
(1.) The driving shaft B with its driving pulleys x and y.
(2.) The worm C which moves in the proportion of 1: 20 a worn wheel D, and
at the same time the axle or shaft E.
(3.) The groove in a cam G on the axle E, which moves the roller a by means of
the lever e, carrying a pin or stud working in the cam groove, the axle g, and the
levers d and c.
(4.) The excentric L, Figure 17, moving the stripper f by means of a lever m.
The spindle S is screwed into a shaft N, and inay therefore be exchanged, and
tubes of different diameters be produced. The machine may be constructed for
different lengths of tubes. It is possible that with respect to longer tubes the
shaft N and the spindle S will not be sufficiently turned round by the were friction
of the india-rubber strap r, and in this case pulleys must be provided upon the said
shaft N between the parts p and p', these pulleys being operated by the shaft B.
The machine above described only performs automatically the rolling up and
stripping off of the tubes, but it is also necessary that the paper should be cut,
pasted and introduced separately. All these operations may however be perforined
by one single machine, as shewn in Figure 18, which I will now proceed to describe.
The paper is as broad as the desired length of the tubes. From the roll A it enters
between two rolls B, which communicate to the strip the required rapidity and
draw it off from the roll. From the rollers B it is guided to the india-rubber strap
k which passes over two pulleys C, C', and by means of brushes d it is covered with
paste contained. in the reservoir a.
The shaft or spindle 6 forms one wall of this reservoir, and is therefore constantly
covered with paste. The stripper c prevents the brush d from bringing too much
paste to the paper. From the two pulleys C, C³, the paper passes a suitable cutting
apparatus which cuts it into proper lengths; it comes then to a loose band E, from
whence it passes on to the rolling apparatus F, similar to that above described.
With this machinery I construct tubes of from 30 to 60 cm in length, and whose
thickness may amount to from 20 to 40 m/m I desire it to be understood that this
machinery is not the same as the well-known cop case machines that are sometimes
used; cop cases are only from 10 to 12 cm long, and 34 mm thick.
I construct machinery for making large twist bobbins and small thread bobbins
in Figures 19 to 24, in which,
Figure 19 is a plan partly in section of the said machine.
Figure 20 is a longitudinal section.
Figure 21, a side elevation, and,
Figure 22, an end elevation of the said machine.
In these Figures a, a¹, represent two spindles, each of which rest in two supports,
and their extremities which are turned to each other are provided with two stamps
3 and e¹ which are formed to correspond to the heads of the bobbins.
After all the preparations above described the so-formed bobbin is placed in the
case L, where it is pressed in a longitudinal direction by the said stamps S and S₁
which make 800 revolutions every minute, and then proceed as a finished bobbin
to the last manipulations of oiling, baking, coloring, and smoothing. The workman
only has to place the combined bobbin into the case and to wait until the machine
has done its work, whereupon he takes it out.
The longitudinal movements of the spindles a, a, are produced by two levers h, h¹,
Figure 1, which are moved by the excentries x and x, fixed upon the worm wheels
b, b¹. These wheels are rotated by worms and, rotating with the shaft or.
spindle c, which is rotated by the driving power.
The said spindle c rotates 200 times every minute; the proportion of the worm
and the respective worm wheel is 1: 20, consequently the spindles produce a longi-
tudinal pressure ten times each minute and therefore ten bobbins can be finished in
one minute.
The two spindles a, a³, are actuated by a lower shaft.A. One of the said spindles

page_text: turns to the right and the other to the left, so that the parts of the bobbin which
are pressed into the case, but sometimes are not solidly grasped, never can follow
the rotatory motion, but by the friction produced by the torsion all the parts will be
equally round.
Figures 23 and 24 represent the construction of the case L. .
This case former in combining with the excentrics may easily be so managed
that the case opens and shuts automatically and throws out the finished
bobbin..
It will be readily understood that different formers may be applied to the
machine. These formers are provided with exactly the same boring, that is to say,
they are of exactly the same size throughout as the wooden bobbin from which the
pasteboard bobbin is to be copied. The stampers which are screwed to the spindles.
a, a', are formed to correspond to the desired bobbin heads; yet the entire con-
struction of the bobbin must be the same.
My improved forin of bobbin-forming machine for small thread bobbins, and with
automatic oiling arrangements, is illustrated in Figures 25 to 35; this machine in.
its principal parts is the saine as that described with reference to. Figures
19 to 24.
Figure 25 is a plan of the said machine without the automatic putting appa-.
ratus.
Figure 26 is a side view partly in section of a portion of the said machine.
Figure 27 is a longitudinal section, and
Figure 28 is an end elevation of the same.
This machine is chiefly used for the manufacture of bobbins similar to that
represented in Figure 4. The spindles a, a, shafts A and C, as well as the levers
h and h', the worm wheels b, b₁, with their excentrics x, x¹, and their worms k, k;
are the same as those represented in Figures 19, 20, 21, and 22. I will now describe
the mode of automatically applying and pasting the head plates d and the plugs c
and the form disc F. The said form disc F is placed upon the shaft D and contains
six equal forms, half of which are forined in the disc and half in the covers; their
movement is revolver-like, so that after each pressure of the stamps S and S¹ and by
the longitudinal motion of the spindles a and a¹ the disc advances for % of its
circumference, and after every push a new bobbin is brought before the stainpers;
this pushing novement is perforined by the groove q, the pawl r, and the ratchet
wheel t. The covers of the form disc are shut during the revolution in passing over
a roller R, Figures 27 and 30. The two half tubes upon which are fixed the hollow.
head plates are placed into those forms of the disc that are open at the upper end;
then they proceed by pushes until they are pressed and stand before the stampers.
are provided with the plugs c and the plates d. Farther on they are pressed and
proceed as finished bobbins into another position when they are taken out by
peculiar mechanisın.
The slide serves to fasten the plugs cand the plates d,and is fixed on the right worm
wheel by the levers e, f, g, Figure 28, and by a rod. The to-and-fro movement
from the position a* to a** of the slide is effected by the above-mentioned parts.
If the lever e with the slide occupies a position a*, that is to say, in front of the
machine, the plugs c, Figures 30, 31, and 34, are automatically put on in falling one
by one from the channel where they are kept into the opening o of the slide below.
During the forward movement the upper part of the slide glides under the opening
of the channel, and thus hinders the other plugs from falling down.
To put on the small plates which are kept in the tubes u and u¹, and advance
by the aid of weights against the lateral plates of the slide, a sinall cavity is pro-
vided in the right and left sides of the side plates.
The said small plates d adapt themselves exactly to these cavities. The cavity is
perfectly filled by such a plate and the surface of the slide is quite straight. When
the slide moves on the small plate remains in the cavity and thus advances to the
stamper. The opening through which the plugs fall down and that which contains
the plates are constructed concentrically, so that a tenon passing through the middle

page_text: will exactly pierce the holes of the plate and of the plug; this tenon is fixed on the
stamper itself. If the slide is empty and is moving back, when it has arrived at
the end of its stroke the cavities will be exactly opposite to the channels n and the
tubes, u', so that the plugs and plates may be adapted without any hinderance.
If then the slide proceeds to the position a** the centre of the plug comes imme-
diately opposite to the centre of the plate and both stand directly before the
stamper. When after this the stamper approaches the form disc it shoots up the
plates and plugs, then stands still for one moment, and gives room for the slides;
to move out of its way at last it stamps on the desired parts and thus finishes the
bobbin.
For pasting the small plate d upon the interior side which is turned to the bobbin
a reservoir of paste continually feeds small brushes which pass through small tubes
and are fixed on both sides of the slide. During the back movement of the latter
these brushes touch the empty cavities which are to receive the small plates & and
thus paste it, whereupon the plates adhere to the cavities and there is always suffi-
cient paste between the parts that are to be connected.
In the construction of the "Booth-Sawyer's" bobbin shewn in Figure 14 of the
Drawings, the part of the tube which is situated at the pointed ends is slit. The
part is wound spirally on to the cylindrical part L by hand, the bobbin having
been placed on the centre plug, exactly filling out the inside of the said bobbin; this
centre plug having previously received on its end the paper to form the inside head
g of the bobbin, the whole is then placed within the form fitted into the spool
machine. As the two spindles a and a above described move as they turn, one of
then catching the centre plug forces it to turn and at the same time pushing it into
the form strongly, presses the paper, filling out the space between the plug and form.
At the same time the spindle a' provided with a stamp st of the same shape as the
head of the bobbin, coming in the other direction presses the head of the bobbin.
into shape. As soon as the machine opens the bobbins are finished and only
have to be oiled, stoved, ground, and finishod, and the plugs of either wood or
paper put in.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. The paper tube a with turned-up extremities embraced by the head pieces
and fixed to them, as and for the purpose specified.
Second. The conical plug which maintains the turned-up extremities of the tube
a, as above set forth.
Third. The cover or head plate d, as described with reference to Figures 1 to 9 of
the accompanying Drawings, and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. The pasteboard bobbin as described with reference to Figure 10 of the
Drawings, and for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The pasteboard spinning bobbin as described with reference to Figure 11
of the Drawings, and for the purpose specified.
Sixth. The tube-rolling machine herein described, and represented in Figures 15
to 18 of the Drawings, and operating as described.
Seventh. The bobbin-forming inachine herein described, and represented in Figures"
19 to 24 of the Drawings, and operating as described.
Eighth. The above-described bobbin-formning machine for making small thread
bobbins as represented in Figures 25 to 35, and operating as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frank Wirth, have bereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-second day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
FRANK WIRTH. (LS.)