Improvements in or relating to Ventilators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 15th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Ventilators.
I, WILLIAM COOPER of 5 Thomas Street, Kersley near Bolton in the County
of Lancaster, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
This invention refers to improvements in or relating to ventilators for buildings
and other places, and is designed to prevent blowing back and the like. In
"Blackman" and others I
applying my invention to rotating ventilators, such as,
construct the same to operate as self-closing doors, or in the case of ordinary
ventilators to act in a self-closing manner to prevent blowing back. This invention
is carried into effect by providing two or more hinged or pivoted flaps coupled
together by levers, rods, or other equivalents, so that their action will be synchronal.
The flaps are so proportioned and arranged as to be almost balanced by which
their to and fro actions will be effected with the least possible current of air. The
flaps may be of equal or unequal sizes; in the latter case the movements of the
same being effected by levers and rods proportioned to suit. The whole arrangement
may be mounted in a frame or otherwise as desired.
Dated the 21st July 1893.
EDMUND CHADWICK, F.I.C.P.A.,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Ventilators.
I, WILLIAM COOPER, of 5 Thomas Street, Kersley, near Bolton, in the County
of Lancaster, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to improvements in or relating to ventilators for buildings
and other structures, and its object is to prevent back or reverse draughts, and the
like.
In applying my invention to openings in combination with rotating air propellers
or ventilators, such as the "Blackman," and others, I construct the same to operate
as self-closing doors. Also, in combination with ordinary ventilators, to act in a
self-closing manner, and prevent back or reverse currents.
My invention consists in fitting two or more hinged or pivoted flaps, coupled
together by levers, rods, or other equivalents, so that their action will be synchronal.
The flaps are so proportioned and arranged as to be almost balanced, by which
their to and fro actions will be effected with the least possible current of air. The
flaps may be of equal or unequal sizes; the movements being effected by means of
levers and rods of suitable proportions. The whole arrangement may be mounted
in a frame or otherwise as required.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar
figures of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation, illustrating one method of carrying out my
invention showing the fans closed.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, showing the
flaps open.
Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate another method of carrying out my invention; Fig. 3
showing the flaps closed, and Fig. 4 showing them open.
Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate another modification.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2,-5 is the upper flap, hinged at 6; and 7 is the lower
flap, hinged at 8. 9 is a bracket or arm, rigidly fixed to the flap 7.
10 is a con-
necting rod, one end of which is pivoted to 5 at 11, the other end being pivoted to
the bracket arm 9 at 12.
The positions of the pivoted centres 11, 12, and the curves traversed thereby,
relatively to each other and to the centres 6 and 8 are such that the two flaps 5
and 7 very nearly balance each other, so that even a weak current of air in the
direction of the arrow 13 will instantly close the flaps, as shown in Fig. 1; and a
similar current of air in the direction of the arrow 14, will instantly open the flaps,
as shown in Fig. 2.
Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the position of the connections are shown reversed,
the bracket 9 is rigidly fixed to the upper flap 5, and a curved connecting rod 10
is pivoted to the Hap 7 and arm 9, as shown. The effect of this arrangement is
exactly similar to that shown by Figs. 1 and 2, the flaps very nearly balancing
each other. 15 is a transverse bar fitted with an elastic facing 16, against which
the turned edges 17 of the flaps impinge and render the joint air tight, when the
flaps are closed. These turned edges and elastic facings are also provided at the
sides for the same purpose.
By slight alterations of the centres upon which the several elements forming the
kinematic chain revolve, the flaps may be arranged so as only to partly close to a
certain "set open
position. Thus, if the centre 8 is shifted to the point 18, or
between 8 and 18, the flaps will not entirely close the passage, but will remain
partly open.
Referring to Figs. 5 and 6,-19 is a fixed guide rod, which serves as a guide to
the slide block 20. This slide block carries the pivoted ends of two connecting
rods 21, 22, the other ends of the rods being pivoted to the flaps 5 and 7; whereby
the angular motions of the flaps are rendered synchronal. The rod 19 may be
screw-threaded to receive a screw-nut, or it may be a ratchet bar to receive.
a pawl, or a bar formed with pinholes, for the purpose of setting open the flaps, if
required.
It is obvious that the relative distances between the centres of motion, and
their relative angles, may be varied without departing from the nature of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination with ventilating shafts or other openings for purposes of
ventilation, the application and use of flaps or doors, hinged to suitable supports,
and so linked together and arranged as to enable such flaps to mutually support
each other and automatically close the opening or ventilator, substantially as herein
before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The general construction, arrangement, and combination of the several and
respective parts, together forming my invention of Improvements in or relating to
Ventilators, substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated 13th February 1894.
EDMUND CHADWICK, F.I.C.P.A.,
Agent.