AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COPPER STILLS AND INTERMEDIATE CONDENSERS
Year: 1812

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SUTHERLAND, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Coppersmith, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Sixteenth day of July,
in the fifty-second year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said John
Sutherland, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John Sutherland, my exors,
adiñors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years
therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF COPPER STILLS AND INTERMEDIATE CONDENSERS; in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the said John
Sutherland, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void (as in and
by the same, relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: or
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Sutherland, do hereby declare that my said Invention consists in placing
a close vessel, which I call a condenser, between the still and worm
condensing cistern, with a cylinder passing through it connecting the worm
and still together by the flanches and screws, as explained in the description of
the Drawing.
The condenser being filled with liquor intended for the second distillation is
heated by the condensation of the spirits passing through the cylinder into the
worm. When the first charge of the still is worked off, the liquor is drawn
from the condenser into the still by the pipe and cock N & O at the lower
part of the condenser for the second distillation. The condenser is again
filled with cold liquor for the succeeding charge of the still.
The spirits
rising from the liquor in the condenser may either be conveyed by a pipe
into the worm connected with the cylinder or condensed or cooled in a separate
worm. On this principle the condenser not only operates as part of the
worm in condensing the spirits passing through the cylinder into the worm,
but also as a second still heated by the condensation of the spirits passing
through the cylinder.
I do not claim as my Invention the distillation by the action of steam
either internally or on the surface of any vessel; but I claim as my Invention
the adopting to the present or any other form of stills an intermediate
cylinder, connecting the whole together so that there may be a continuation
of the process of distillation without removing any part of the apparatus
when erected, there being access to the condenser and still by the manholes
in each, as expressed in the description of the Drawing.
Fig. 1, section of the still and condenser; II., front view of the still and
condenser. A, the brickwork of the furnace; B, the ash pit; C, the furnace;
D, the flews; E, the still body; F, the still head; G, the manhole; H, the
condenser; I, the offsett of the worm discharging at 6; K, the condensing
cylinder; L and M, flanches connecting the condenser and cylinder with the
worm and still head; N, the charging pipe leading from the lower part of
the condenser to the still, with the stopcock O, and fastened to the cock by
the flanch P, and to the still breast by the flanch Q; R, A, platform for
supporting the condenser H; S, steam pipes leading from the condenser
through the worm cestern discharging at 7, connected with the condenser by
the flanch F. 1, the manhole of the condenser, fastened down by this 2
passing through two eyes, rivetted to the sides of the manhole; 3, the funnel and
valve for charging the condenser; 4, the discharging cock of the still; 5 and 6,

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of September, in
the year of our Lord 1812, the aforesaid John Sutherland came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Eleventh day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twelve.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SUTHERLAND, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Coppersmith, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Sixteenth day of July,
in the fifty-second year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said John
Sutherland, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John Sutherland, my exors,
adiiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the terin of years
therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's.
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF COPPER STILLS AND INTERMEDIATE CONDENSERS;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the said John
Sutherland, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date, of the said Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever.
thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void (as in and
by the same, relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large
annear

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Sutherland, do hereby declare that my said Invention consists in placing
a close vessel, which I call a condenser, between the still and worm or
condensing cistern, with a cylinder passing through it connecting the worm
and still together by the flanches and screws, as explained in the description of
the Drawing.
The condenser being filled with liquor intended for the second distillation is
heated by the condensation of the spirits passing through the cylinder into the
worm. When the first charge of the still is worked off, the liquor is drawn
from the condenser into the still by the pipe and cock N & O at the lower
part of the condenser for the second distillation. The condenser is again
filled with cold liquor for the succeeding charge of the still. The spirits
rising from the liquor in the condenser may either be conveyed by a pipe
into the worm connected with the cylinder or condensed or cooled in a separate
worm. On this principle the condenser not only operates as part of the
worm in condensing the spirits passing through the cylinder into the worm,
but also as a second still heated by the condensation of the spirits passing
through the cylinder.
I do not claim as my Invention the distillation by the action of steam
either internally or on the surface of any vessel; but I claim as my Invention
the adopting to the present or any other form of stills an intermediate
cylinder, connecting the whole together so that there may be a continuation
of the process of distillation without removing any part of the apparatus
when erected, there being access to the condenser and still by the manholes
in each, as expressed in the description of the Drawing.
Fig. 1, section of the still and condenser; II., front view of the still and
condenser. A, the brickwork of the furnace; B, the ash pit; C, the furnace;
D, the flews; E, the still body; F, the still head; G, the manhole; H, the
condenser; I, the offsett of the worm discharging at 6; K, the condensing
cylinder; L and M, flanches connecting the condenser and cylinder with the
worm and still head; N, the charging pipe leading from the lower part of
the condenser to the still, with the stopcock O, and fastened to the cock by
the flanch P, and to the still breast by the flanch Q; R, A, platform for
supporting the condenser H; S, steam pipes leading from the condenser
through the worm cestern discharging at 7, connected with the condenser by
the flanch F. 1, the manhole of the condenser, fastened down by this 2
passing through two eyes, rivetted to the sides of the manhole; 3, the funnel and
valve for charging the condenser; 4, the discharging cock of the still; 5 and 6,