A New or Improved Machine for Smoothing or Finishing, by means and of Sand-paper or the like, Wooden Bobbins, Spools, Tubes, similar articles.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1892-Accepted, 2nd July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine for Smoothing or Finishing, by means
and
of Sand-paper or the like, Wooden Bobbins, Spools, Tubes,
similar articles.
We, JOHN CLAYTON, and DAN CLAYTON, both of Thornton Road, Bradford, in
the County of York, Bobbin Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a new or improved form or arrangement of machine to
be employed in finishing or smoothing by sand-paper or the like, articles made in
the rough, such as wooden bobbins, spools, tubes, and other similarly shaped articles;
the object being to produce a machine which shall do the required work in a more
expeditious, more efficient and less laborious manner than has hitherto been
accomplished.
In the construction of a machine according to our invention we employ any
ordinary form of lathe-bed or gantry having head-stock and tail-stock bearings, in
which bearings a central shaft is loosely mounted. The head-stock end of this
central shaft protrudes beyond its bearings and is provided with any suitable
The
driving gear actuated by band and pulley from the main driving source.
central shaft carries, near the head-stock end, two cylindrical blocks or plates which
form the bearings for a set of, say six, radially and equidistantly disposed loose
spindles, each corresponding to the live spindle in a lathe. These spindles are each
provided with a friction roller fast thereon, arranged between the said two blocks
or plates, and each friction roller has independent intermittent rotary motion
imparted to it by means of a friction driving wheel mounted on an arbor in bearings
at the back of the lathe-bed and carrying a pulley driven by a band from the main
driving source. The bearings of this arbor are on the lathe-bed and are capable of
backward and forward transverse motion, on the slide-rest principle, so as to put
the friction driving wheel in and out of gear with the aforementioned friction
rollers.
A weighted lever keeps the friction driving wheel in close contact with
the friction rollers, when adjusted in proximity to the latter. The central shaft
near the tail-stock end also carries another cylindrical block containing a like
number of other radially equidistantly disposed loose spindles, each corresponding.
to the dead spindle in a lathe, whose ends are exactly opposite the ends of the first
named loose spindles. These latter, or dead-spindles, have no independent rotary
motion but are prevented from turning by being provided with projections which
enter longitudinal slots in the cylindrical block. The first named loose, or live,
spindles and the dead-spindles are each successively brought up to and made to
enter the bore in the bobbins, tubes, or the like, by means of two cams, fast on the
lathe-bed, and against which the ends of the spindles abut successively as the
central shaft revolves, while two guide pieces or skates, also attached to the lathe-
bed, bring the said spindles back again successively, after the sand-papering
operation, thus freeing the finished bobbins, tubes, or the like, which drop into a
basket below. The sand-papering device consists in an arrangement of two hori-
zontal gripping rollers, between which the end of a continuous length of sand-paper
is adjusted; the said gripping rollers being mounted in bearings attached to the back
of the lathe-bed, such bearing working in grooves on the slide-rest principle, and
having backward and forward longitudinal motion imparted thereto by means of a
cam device, on an arbor, operated by gear in connection with the main driving
source. A fresh surface of the sand-paper, glass-paper, emery cloth, or the like,
is presented to every bobbin (as it arrives in position against same) by the inter-
mittent revolution of one of the gripping rollers. This is effected by mounting a

page_text: "
ratchet wheel on the arbor of the said gripping roller, such ratchet wheel being
operated by a pawl actuated by a succession of rising ❝ leads or guides disposed
on the periphery of the cylindrical block near the tail-stock end. A weighted lever
is arranged to keep the sand-paper close up to the work.
By the employment of a machine as herein described, the smoothing, finishing,
or sand-papering of bobbins, tubes, and the like is rapidly effected at a very low
cost.
Dated this 21st dor of two 1901
CROSSLEY & Co.,
72, New Market Street, Bradford, Yorks, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine for Smoothing or Finishing, by means
of Sand-paper or the like, Wooden Bobbins, Spools, Tubes, and
similar articles.
We; JOHN CLAYTON, and DAN CLAYTON, both of Thornton Road, Bradford, in
the County of York, Bobbin Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new or improved form or arrangement of machine to
be employed in finishing or smoothing by sand-paper or the like, articles made in
the rough, such as wooden bobbins, spools, tubes and other similarly shaped articles ;
the object being to produce a machine which shall do the required work in a more
expeditious, more efficient and less laborious manner than has hitherto been
accomplished.
In order that our invention may be better understood we will now describe the
same with reference to the accompanying two sheets of drawings, wherein :-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine constructed according to our invention:
Fig. 2 is a back elevation, Fig. 3 a plan and Fig. 4 a right hand end elevation of
same.
Fig. 5 shows the sand-paper device in cross sectional view, and
Fig. 6 represents a front elevation of same, partly in section.
Fig. 7 is a detail view.
In the construction of a machine according to our invention we employ any
ordinary form of lathe-bed or gantry A, having head-stock and tail-stock
bearings B and C, in which bearings a central shaft D is loosely mounted. The
head-stock end of this central shaft protrudes beyond its bearings B, and is
provided with any suitable driving gear, such as the worm and mitre gear
shown on the drawings, actuated by band and pulley from the main driving
source. A slow motion is required to be given to the shaft D and the gear
shown is found to be very suitable for this purpose; it consists in a bevel
wheel mounted on an arbor and driven by the pulley from the main driving
source, such bevel-wheel gearing with the bevel 12 and communicating motion
to a worm ³ on its arbor the said worm rotating the spur-wheel fast on
the central shaft D. The central shaft carries, near the head-stock end, twò
cylindrical blocks or plates E and Ewhich form the bearings for a set of say
six, radially and equidistantly disposed loose spindles, each corresponding to the
live spindles in a lathe, being numbered on the drawings 1, 2, 3, 4. 5, and 6
respectively. The spindles are each provided with a friction roller fast thereon,
marked respectively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6× arranged between the said two
blocks or plates E and E¹, and each friction' roller has independent intermittent
rotary motion imparted to it by means of a friction driving wheel F. mounted
on an arbor in bearings and 2 at the back of the lathe-bed, and carrying
a pulley F3 driven by a band from the main driving source. The bearings F
and of this arbor are on a support, carried by a bracket f¹ bolted on the

page_text: lathe-bed and are capable of backward and forward transverse motion on the
slide rest principle, so as to put the friction driving wheel F in and out of gear
with the aforementioned friction rollers. A weighted lever f2 keeps the friction
driving wheel F in close contact with the friction rollers, when adjusted in
proximity to the latter. The friction driving wheel may be covered on its
periphery with leather or like material to ensure better contact with the friction
rollers. The central shaft D, in revolving, brings the friction rollers successively
into contact with the friction driving wheel F, and the rapid rotary motion
imparted to the latter causes the former and consequently the spindles on which
they are mounted to revolve at a high rate of speed for the moment that they
are in contact with the said friction driving wheel. Each friction roiler as it
comes against the friction driving wheel pushes the same slightly backwards
against the force of the lever and its weight, causing the support and its
load to slide backwards on the bracket ; the weight of the lever 72, imme-
diately after the contact, foreing the whole forwards again. The central shaft D.
near the tail-stock end also carries another cylindrical block G, fast on the
central shaft D containing a like number of other radially equidistantly disposed
loose spindles 1º, 2º, 3º, 4º, 5º, and 6°, each corresponding to the dead spindles
in a lathe, whose ends are exactly opposite the ends of the first named loose
spindles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. These latter or dead spindles, have no independant
rotary motion within the block but are prevented from turning therein by
being provided with projections 9 which enter longitudiual slots in the said
cylindrical block G.
Both the spindles 1 to 6 inclusive and 1° to 6° inclusive
oscillate in their blocks E, E and G respectively, as hereinafter explained, and
are furnished with centres at their ends towards the middle lengthwise of the
central shaft D. On these centres the bobbins or other articles to be operated
on are adjusted lengthwise by hand, the position being indicated by the dotted
lines in Fig. 1, which represents a bobbin in outline. The first named loose,
or live spindles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 and the dead spindles 1° 2° 3° 4° 5° and 6° are
cach successively brought up to and made to enter the bore in the bobbins,
tubes, or the like, by means of two cams H and K, fast on the lathe-bed, and
against which the ends of the spindles abut successively as the centre_shaft D
revolves, while two guide pieces or skates L and M also attached to the lathe-
bed, bring the said spindles back again successively, after the sand-papering
operation, thus freeing the finished bobbins, tubes, or the like, which drop into
a basket below.. The cam H is attached to a plate or support fast on the
bearing B by means of screw-bolts and nuts which allow of longitudinal adjust-
ment of such cam H. Longitudinal adjustment is also allowed the cam K by
supporting the same in the bearing k fixed to the bearing C, through which
bearing the rod attached to the plate k2 bolted to the said cam K, passes
and is fixed in the proper position by screwing down the bolt k³. The live
Spindles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, at their outer ends are provided with necks and
rounded at their extremities. The guide piece or skate L when the finished bobbins
or the like have left the sand-paper, engages in or takes into the necks of such
bobbins, successively drawing them backwards, causing their centres to leave the
said bobbins, or the like: the central shaft D continuing its revolution brings the
rounded extremities of the bobbins against the cam H which causes their centres to
ride forward again, and so on. The outer ends of the dead spindles 1° 2° 3° 4° 5°
and 6°, are furnished with bowls or runners which ride against the surface of the
cam K. The projections g on each dead spindle, as it leaves the sand-paper glide
along against the outer right-hand top edge of the guide piece or skate M bringing
the centres of these dead spindles away from the bobbin or other article ; the cam K
bringing them forwards again, both actions being simultaneous and coincident with
the above described actions with reference to the live spindles. The abrading
action of the sand-paper, glass-paper, or the like on the bobbin or other article
takes place simultaneously with the rapid revolution of the live spindle carrying

page_text: The
that particular bobbin, through the medium of the friction roller on the said bobbin
being operated by the friction driving wheel F; that is to say, each bobbin is
brought into position to be operated on by the surface of the sand-paper at the
identical moment that it (the bobbin) receives rapid rotary motion. The sand-
papering device consists in an arrangement of two horizontal gripping rollers N
and O, between which the end of a continuous length of sand-paper P is adjusted;
the said gripping rollers being mounted in bearings attached to the back of the
lathe-bed, such bearings working in grooves, on the slide rest principle, and having
backward and forward longitudinal motion imparted thereto by means of a cam
device R, operated by gear in connection with the main driving source.
gripping rollers N and are mounted, at their ends, in brasses, the requisite
amount of pressure being put on the sand-paper, by such rollers, by tightening
down the upper brasses onto the roller N by means of bolts in the cross-heads of
the bearing supports V, V. The base V2 of these supports is capable of sliding
on its false bottom V3 to allow of longitudinal adjustment of the sand-paper against
the bobbin. On either side of this base V ledges e, e, are arranged to support a
transversely sliding block W, to which is attached a piece of cork or similar
substance w acting as a. pad or cushion for the sand paper at the actual point of
contact of the same with the bobbin. in Fig. 5 shows a bobbin in the position it
would assume at this juncture. Where, as in the case of a bobbin, part of the
article operated on is of greater diameter than the rest, a portion of the pad or
cushion w is cut away, and a separate length of sand-paper, as at p Figs. 1 and 3,
is provided. The pad or cushion we keeps the sand-paper in close contact with the
bebbin by means of the weighted lever X pivoted on a plate bolted to the base V2,
acting against the block W. On the lever X a guiding block a guides the sand-
paper as it is delivered from its containing reel (not shown). The other end of the
sand-paper passes, by way of a guiding slit in a small bracket Y bolted to the
supports V, VI, through the usual opening in the middle of the bed-plate. A fresh
surface of sand-paper, glass-paper, emery-cloth, or the like, is presented to every
bobbin (as it arrives in position against same) by the intermittent revolution of one
of the gripping rollers N, which is continued for this purpose beyond its bearings
in the support V₁. This is effected by mounting a ratchet wheel Z on the arbor or
continuation of the said gripping roller N, such ratchet Z being operated by a
pawl Z pivotted loosely on a rising and falling arm Z2 loosely mounted on the
continuation of the gripping roller N, the arm Z2 being operated by a succession of
rising "leads"
or guides gx Fig. 7, disposed on the periphery of the cylindrical
block G near the tail-stock end. But we have found in practice that these rising
"leads
as shown in Fig. 7, are unnecessary as the pawl Z₁ may equally well be
caused to actuate the ratchet wheel Z by allowing the projections g to intermittently
lift the arm Z2 as they arrive in position against same during the revolution of the
block G, in the manner shown in the other figures of the drawings. The whole
sand-papering device, as described, is carried on a bracket T (bolted to the bed-
plate) on which it is capable of sliding longitudinally and has a sort of shaking
motion imparted to it for the purpose of dispersing the dust produced by the
abrasion. This is effected by mounting a bowl S on the false bottom V3 which
runs in a worm-cam R on an arbor supported in the arms of the bracket T, the said
arbor passing through one of its supports and having a pulley fast thereon which
is rotated by band from the main driving source.
"
The various parts of the machine, except where otherwise stated, may conveniently
be made of iron or steel; steel being employed for the parts subjected to much
friction or wear.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
Firstly. The new or improved machine for smoothing, or finishing, by means of

page_text: sand-paper or the like, wooden bobbins, spools, tubes, and similar articles, constructed
and operating substantially as described and shown on the drawings or any mere
modification of same.
Secondly. The compound head-stock, comprising the blocks E and E' carrying
a number of radially disposed spindles provided with friction rollers rotated by
friction, and also provided with necks guided by a skate L for moving the spindles
backwards, and rounded ends bearing against a cam H for moving the spindles
forwards, substantially as and for the purposes specified and shown on the
drawings.
Thirdly. The compound tail-stock consisting in the block G carrying a series of
radially disposed spindles corresponding to and acting simultaneously with the
beforementioned spindles of the head-stock, such spindles having projections sliding
in longitudinal slots in the block G, their outward ends being provided with bowls
which ride against the cam K, for the purpose of moving these said spindles
forwards, the said projections being utilized, by working against the skate M, to
bring these aforesaid said spindles back again, substantially as and for the purposes
specified and shown on the drawings.
Fourthly. The construction of the sand-papering device, provided with the
pressure regulated gripping rollers N and O the cushion or pad on the block W
kept in position by the lever X and weight, and also provided with the shaking
arrangement for dispersing the dust caused by the abrasion, consisting in the worm-
cam R and bowl S on an arbor operated by the pulley, and carrying on the con-
tinuation of the gripping roller N the ratchet wheel Z, actuated, for advancing the
sand-paper or like material by slow stages, through the medium of the rising leads g*
Fig. 7 or the projections in the other figures alternately causing the arm Z2 to
rise and fall thereby operating the pawl Z', substantially as and for the purposes
specified and shown on the drawings.
Fifthly. The combination of the compound head-stock and compound tail-stock
and their accessorial parts and the central shaft D) and its driving gear with the
frictional driving gear F and its parts and with the sand-papering device, forming
the machine as hereinbefore described and shown on the drawings.
Dated this 1st day of June 1809
CROSSLEY & Co.,
72, New Market Street, Bradford, Yorks, Agents.