PRODUCING PURE IRON DIRECT FROM CRUDE IRON ORE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Antonio Brady at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
April 1869.-A communication from abroad by Edward Brady,
2031, Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
I, ANTONIO BRADY, of Maryland Point, Stratford, in the County of
Essex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "PRODUCING
PURE IRON DIRECT FROM CRUDE IRON ORE," (a communication,) to be as
follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in mixing and manipulating
crude iron ore ground or reduced to a powder with sulphate of lime,
sulphate of soda, sulphate of alumina, or with any alkaline sulphate
pulverized, and both articles having been roasted or otherwise assimi-
lated to about equal degrees of temperature, and then a fusion or
smelting of the materials to be affected by the usual methods in an
ordinary furnace, the chemical changes or results consequent thereupon
separating, dissipating, and combining and depositing the impurities
of sulphur, silicon, and other bodies, and leaving the molten iron pure
or converting it into malleable iron or steel. The oxygen being
disengaged by a decomposition of the dry sulphate above mentioned

page_text: caused by smelting or fusion of the crude iron ore will unite with the
carbon or a portion thereof in the iron, and will pass off as carbonic acid
gas, and sulphuret of iron, phosphoret of iron, and other ingredients will
remain in the molten iron mass, and these having a strong affinity for
the lime and other ingredients will combine and form slags, which latter
will be deposited at the bottom of the furnace by specific gravity,
leaving the hot iron free from the impurities of sulphur, phosphorus,
silica, carbon, and such like bodies, and the pure iron can be gradually
cooled, and rolled, hammered (or otherwise) into malleable iron, or
it can be converted into steel by suddenly cooling it by immersion in
cold water.
The quantities or proportions of materials and ingredients to be used
cannot be specified very definitely, because the same depend upon the
greater or lesser amounts or shares of the impurities contained in the
crude iron ore, which vary materially according to its quality requiring a
larger or smaller quantity or proportion of the said dry sulphate and other
ingredients, to be determined by a practical experience in each instance.
What I claim as my Invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent
is, mixing and manipulating by common mechanical processes crude
iron ore ground or reduced to powder with sulphate of lime, sulphate
of soda, sulphate of alumina, or any alkaline sulphate pulverized, and
both articles having been roasted or otherwise assimilated to about equal
degrees of temperature, as nearly as may be, and then a fusion or
smelting of the metal with the said dry sulphate, to be effected by the
usual methods in an ordinary furnace, the chemical changes or results
consequent thereupon separating, dissipating, combining, and depositing
the impurities of sulphur, phosphorus, silicon, carbon, and other bodies,.
and leaving the molten iron pure, and it can be converted into malleable
iron and steel, substantially as set forth.