An Improved Process of Fixing the Finish on Cotton Piece Goods.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1399-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
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An Improved Process of Fixing the Finish on Cotton Piece Goods.
I, MILTON SHERIDAN SHARP, of Spring House, Heckmondwike, in the County.of
York, Dyer and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the finishing of cotton
cloth piece goods, especially that class of piece goods known as "Italians" such
as are generally used for the lining of 'coats, whereby by my improvement, a
permanent finish is produced on the cloth piece goods more expeditiously and
superior to that obtained by any other process hitherto practised or known.
The finish produced by my improved process is not only permanent, but has
also the characteristics hitherto only obtained in cotton piece goods which have
been finished by the slow, costly, and laborious process known as
"hot pressing."
Amongst the advantages obtained are the great closeness of appearance in the
texture of the cloth, smoothness to the touch, and brilliant water marks
obtained on the back of the cloth.
"
"
According to this invention, the cotton piece goods upon which it is desired to
produce the above mentioned results are treated as follows:-
The cotton piece goods after being finished by all or any of the ordinary and
well known methods of glazing are each rolled together with a damped cloth
upon a perforated roller, so that the surface of the finished cotton piece cloth is
completely covered by the damp or wet cloth.
This portion of the process may be carried out by an ordinary rolling machine,
by which the combined cloths are wrapped tight around a perforated and hollow
roller; the combined cloths and perforated roller are then placed between the
rollers of a calendering machine to which heavy pressure is applied by hydraulic
or other suitable force, the combined cloths being calendered for some time,
which process by reason of the cotton piece cloth to be permanently finished,
being completely covered by very damp cloth, gives a fineness, closeness of
texture and silkiness to the cotton cloth, not before attainable; and also produces
on the back of the cotton cloth brilliant water marks, which have only hitherto
been obtained on goods which have been hot pressed by hydraulic presses.
On removing the perforated roller from the calendering machine with the
combined cloths wrapped tightly round same, the combined cloths are then
wrapped in a covering of canvas or like open fabric and put into a vessel,
sustained therein by preference in a vertical position, the top of the vessel is
closed and make steam tight, dry steam preferably super-heated is then admitted
into the closed vessel by a suitable pipe for say about 20 minutes, but the time
of steaming varies according to the character and quality of the cotton cloth
treated.
The dry steam entering the before mentioned vessel, passes through the com-
bined cloths and perforations in roller to the interior of same, the steam escaping
through the roller axle at one end, which is made hollow, into a socket supporting
the roller, a pipe is connected to the socket and the escape regulated by a tap
through which the steam is allowed to escape.

page_text: After steaming the combined cloths for a period varying according to the
weight and quality of the cloth, the lustre is permanently fixed on the cotton
cloth piece goods finished by any of the ordinary and well known methods.
The material of the damp cloth used along with the cotton cloth piece goods
finished by any of the ordinary methods, is by preference of fine quality, such 5
as is commonly called a face cloth, from which all grease, size and other foreign
matter have been removed. By the adoption of fine quality damp cloth of the
class indicated it has a distinct influence in giving a close appearance to the
texture of the cotton cloth on which the lustre is to be permanently fixed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The fixing of the lustre on cotton cloths by first obtaining the lustre in any
of the ordinary methods and afterwards rolling the finished cloth together with
a damped cloth under pressure, then subjecting them to calendering under heavy
pressure and finally wrapping the combined calendered cloths in canvas and
subjecting them to the action of dry steam within a closed vessel all substantially
in the manner as hereinbefore described.
JOHN WAUGH.
Agent for Applicant, Sunbridge Chambers, Bradford.