An Improved Form of Pressure Gauge for Gas, Air, or other Fluid.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Form of Pressure Gauge for Gas, Air, or other Fluid.
I, HENRY O'CONNOR, 1, Drummond Place, Edinburgh, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention consists of a tube or tubular chamber, constructed in the form of a
portion of a circle, or in an elliptical or polygonal form, and pivotted in a central axis
by means of spokes, or a disc or dises. This tube is closed at one end, and at the
other is open to the atmosphere and is partly filled with water or other liquid.
The gas or other fluid whose pressure is to be measured is admitted by a suitable
pipe into the tube at its closed end and above the water line, and exerts its pressure
against the water on the one side, forcing it to rise at the open end of the tube,
and against the closed end of the tube on the other side, thereby forcing the tube
itself to move round on its axis to an extent proportionate to the amount of
pressure thrown by the column of fluid. By means of a pointer and scale suitably
fixed, this movement of the tube is made to indicate the amount of pressure thrown.
A minute degree of accuracy can be attained by means of a weight so attached
to the apparatus as to be capable of being moved to varying distances from the
axis, in order to increase or diminish the resistance of the tube to the pressure
of the fluid, and consequently proportionally alter the travel of the pointer.
For the purpose of recording the varying pressures, a cylinder carrying a
sheet of paper and actuated by clockwork mechanism can be applied to the
apparatus in such a way that a pencil or pen attached to the tube will mark upon
the paper surrounding the cylinder.
1007
I, HENRY O'CONNOR, of 1, Drummond Place, Edinburgh, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The invention consists of a tube or tubular chamber which may be of round,
oval, rectangular, hexagonal or other convenient diametrical section, bent to form.
a portion (preferably about three-fourths) of a circle, and made with one end closed.
To this tubular chamber are fitted arms or spokes connecting it to a central boss

page_text: through which passes an axle, or a complete disc or discs may be fitted to connect
the tubular chamber with the axle. This tubular chamber is furnished with an
inner tube of smaller diametrical section, bent in accordance with the curve of
the former, and made to fit inside same so that the tubular chamber may be
partially rotated about, its. axis without touching the inner tube: The upper end
of the inner tube is connected to the supply of gas or other fluid, while the opposite
end that nearest the closed end of the tubular chamber opens into the interior
of the latter. When it is desired to put the apparatus into operation, the tubular
chamber is then partially filled with water or other liquid, (care being taken that
such liquid does not rise so high as the open end of the inner tube.) The gas or
other fluid, being 'admitted; passes by means of the inner tube through the water
and issues at the open end of the inner tube into that portion of the tubular
chamber above the water level, exerting pressure in all, directions, (and causing the
water to fall on that side and to rise at the open-ended side of the tubular chamber,
at the same time); against the sides of the tubular chamber. Above, the level of
the water the pressure upon the closed end of the tubular chamber overcomes the
dead-weight of the same, (which is greatest at the bottom), and causes it to revolve
upon its axis in the direction of. its closed..end to a greater or lesser extent,
according to the amount of the pressure and the area of the closed end. A pointer
fixed at a convenient part of the circumference of the tubular chamber is made to
indicate upon a stationary dial, suitably calibrated, the extent of the revolution,
and thereby the amount of the pressure. The registering capacity of the instru-
ment can be increased to indicate higher pressures, either by altering the position
-relative to the centre of a weight fixed on one of the spokes or on the disc or
discs, or by attaching to the lowest portion of the tubular chamber such loose
weights as may be necessary to counterbalance, the varying pressures.
When it is desired to utilize this apparatus for recording purposes, there may.
be attached to the tubular chamber a pen, pencil or other marking appliance,
inscribing upon a record paper attached to a moving barrel or disc.
In the accompanying drawing "AA" is a tubular chamber which is shewn
as of rectangular diametrical section, "B" the closed end of same, and "CC"
are spokes connecting it to the central boss, "D," which has an axle "E," hung
on two supports "FF.". Within "AA," and bent to the same curve, is an inner
tube "GG" open at its end "H" and connected to the supply pipe at "J.”
Water or other liquid may be introduced into the chamber AA through its
open end "K," care being taken that such liquid does not rise so high as the open
end "H" of the inner tube "C
"G:" The gas or other fluid being introduced
into the inner tube "GG" at "J," passes through same in the direction of the
arrows and issues at "H," exerting pressure in all directions, within, the tubular
chamber "A" above the level of the water, which pressure, exerted against the
closed end "B," causes a partial revolution of "AA" about its axis "E" in the
same direction as the arrow already described. The weight "L" is shewn attached
to one of the spokes and can be moved up and down a screw, so as to alter its position
relative to the centre "E," but such weight may be made and attached in any
other convenient fashion. "M" is a pointer attached to the circumference of
"AA" and indicating upon a suitably calibrated scale "N" fixed or engraved
upon the front support "F."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner: the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim-is:
*..
t
1. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for indicating pressure of
gas or other fluids, as hereinbefore described, by means of which the pressure of
such fluid is so exerted as to give: direct motion to a chamber, and thereby to
a pointer indicating upon a suitably. graduated scale the amount of such pressure.
2. The method of regulating the amount of travel of the chamber and pointer
to deal with any given range of pressure by fincreasing or decreasing the dead-

page_text: weight of the lower portion of the chamber in the manner described in the fore-
going specification and as illustrated by the accompanying drawing.
3. My hereinabove described apparatus for indicating ascertaining and record-
ing the pressure of a column of gas or other fluid; all as described in the fore-
going specification and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.
Dated this Twentieth day of April 1898.