Improvements in Tubulous Steam Boilers.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubulous Steam Boilers.
We, ELIZABETH CRASTER BLECHYNDEN, of No. 1, Ashton Villa, Joppa, Mid-
lothian, Scotland, Widow, and ROBERT YOUNG MCINTOSHI, of 34, Dean Street,
Newcastle-on-Tyne, Engineers' Merchant, and TORBEN CHRISTIAN BILLETOP, of
No. 3, Guildford Place, in the City and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in tubulous steam boilers of
the class having horizontal upper and lower chambers connected by a series
of tubes, the invention being in part an improvement on that covered by
Blechynden's Patents No. 18311 of 1893, No. 22949 of 1893 and No. 9517 of 1895.
Part of the invention is applicable to boilers varying somewhat from the
type above referred to.
The object of the invention is to increase efficiency while reducing cost of
manufacture, weight and space occupied.
In double furnace boilers of the type above referred to the upper horizontal
steam and water chamber and a lower horizontal chamber are connected together
by groups of tubes which are curved in such a manner as to form a centre flue
and are adapted to be withdrawn through openings in top chamber when
required. To form the other side of the furnace an outer set of tubes are fitted
between the top and an outer chamber, the outermost rows forming walls. The
whole is enclosed in light casing which may be fitted with air casing. The
gases after mixing in combustion chamber flow through the curved tube nests
and their passage may be directed by forming a tubulous wall leaving openings at the
bottom or top, or at both, these openings being so arranged as to gradually
increase in size towards the front of the boiler with the object of drawing the
greater portion of the gases to this end and the bottom opening is preferably
larger than that at the top in order that the gases may be drawn down between
the front part of the nest. Or in lieu of this arrangement a baffle plate may be
employed. Sufficient opening is left at top opening of wall for introduction
of steam hose for cleaning purposes.
The gases after entering the centre flue pass below the top chamber along the
bottom of which may be introduced tubes having their lower ends closed and
commonly known as "Field" tubes, the object being to extract waste heat of
the gases, materially increase the heating surface and also by the circulation
at this part of the boiler prevent accumulation of sediment on the inner surface.
the gases ultimately entering the end casing and funnel. The special
arrangement of curved tubes as indicated by which the tubes most exposed to
the fierce heat of a furnace have the least head of water against them will greatly
assist the circulation and permit the boiler to be forced to a much higher
degree, and to further assist the circulation large down comers are employed
which are placed central and specially low so as to be entirely covered by the
water in the top chamber even under heavy rolling of the ship, in which the

page_text: boiler may be placed. The small outer chambers are connected by cross pipes
to the bottom main chamber.
The air to the furnace may be fed through the casing entering through safety
non-return flaps and the special arrangement of casings which are connected
to the top chamber below the openings for withdrawal of the tubes
permit the withdrawal of tubes without removing any part of the
casing, and the openings being placed SO low on the chamber no
special doubling plates are required as is the case when these open-
ings fall in the thin shell of the upper part of the top chamber, and further
the internal baffle plates are kept high enough so as not to require to be dis-
turbed when examining the boiler or withdrawing and renewing the tubes.
Such an arrangement further permits of the decks being kept quite close
down on the chambers without making special provision for drawing the tubes.
Some of the back tubes may be bent in such a manner as to support the
vertical brickwork of gable end where often the usual means of attachment
jare found unsatisfactory, while the special arrangement adds support to tho
brick-work, and enables thinner and lighter bricks to be used. Openings may
be made in the brick linings for supplying air above the fire.
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PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicants.
Improvements in Tubulous Steam Boilers.
We, ELIZABETH CRASTER BLECHYNDEN, of No. 1, Ashton Villa, Joppa, Mid-
lothian, Scotland, Widow, and ROBERT YOUNG MCINTOSH, of No. 34, Dean Street,
Newcastle-on-Tyne, Engineers' Merchant, and TORBEN CHRISTIAN BILLETOP, .of
No. 3, Guildford, Place, in the City and County of Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:
1
This invention relates to certain improvements in tubulous steam boilers of
the class having horizontal upper and lower chambers connected by a series
of tubes, the invention being in part an improvement on that covered by
Blechynden's Patents No. 18,311 of 1893; No. 22,949 of 1893; and 9517 of 1895.
Part of the invention is applicable to boilers varying somewhat from the
type above referred to.
The object of the invention is to increase the efficiency while reducing the
cost of manufacture, the weight and the space occupied.
The invention will be best understood by describing same with reference to
the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1, is a half cross section of one form of boiler constructed according to
our invention.
Fig. 2, is a similar view shewing another form.
Fig. 3, is a longitudinal section of Fig. 1 with parts in elevation.
Fig. A, is a plan taken on line of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5, is a longitudinal section with parts in elevation of a boiler to shew
a modification.

page_text: All the drawings illustrate double furnace boilers of the type above referred
to having an upper horizontal steam and water chamber A, and a lower hori-
zontal chamber B connected together by nests of tubes C, which are curved in
such a manner as to form a centre space or flue D, and are adapted to be with-
drawn through openings E in the sides of chamber A when required. The
openings E are closed as shewn by plates and screws. There are two furnaces F,
one being arranged on each side of the groups of tubes C. To. enclose or form
the outside of the furnace F an outer set of tubes are fitted between chamber A
and a chamber G. the outermost rows being set closely together and forming a
wall H. The whole is enclosed in a light casing I which may be fitted with a
casing K having an air space between it and casing I. The gases after mixing
in the usual combustion chamber L flow through the curved tube nests C and
their passage may be directed by setting the inner row of tubes closely together
so as to form a tubulous wall M leaving openings N N at the bottom or top,
or at both, by suitably bending the tubes as shewn, these openings being so
arranged as to gradually increase in size towards the front of the boiler with
the obiect of drawin the greater portion of the gases to that end as indicated
in Figs. 1 and 3. The bottom opening is preferably larger than that at the
ton in order that the gases may be drawn down between the front part
of the nest. The opening N¹ should be of sufficient size to allow of the intro-
duction of a steam hose for cleaning purposes. In place of emploving the close
wall M the nest of tubes C may be onen throughout, and a baffle plate O be
arranged in the space D so as to direct the gases downward as shewn by the
arrows in Fig. 2.
The gases after entering the centre flue D pass below chamber A along the
bottom of which may be introduced tubes P having their lower ends closed and
commonly known as "Field" tubes as shewn in Fig. 1. the object being to
extract or utilize the waste heat of the gases, and materially increase the heat-
ing surface and also by the circulation at
this part of the cham-
ber. A to prevent accumulation of sediment on the inner surface. The
gases ultimately enter the end casing Q and funnel Q. By the arrangement
of curved tubes C connecting chambers A and B the outer tubes which are
those most exposed to the fierce heat of a furnace have the least head of water
againsh them and this greatly assists the circulation and permits of the boiler
being forced to a much higher degree.
To further assist the circulation large down comer pines R. connecting cham-
hers A and B are employed which are placed at the ends of the chamber A and
at the lowest point of same so as to be entirely covered by the water in A even
under heavy rolling of the ship, in which the boiler may be placed. To assist
the circulation the small outer chambers G are connected by cross pipes S to
chamber B.
The air to the furnace may be fed through the casing K after entering through
the flans or baffles T as shown by the arrows. The casings are attached to
chamber A below the openings E so as to permit the withdrawal of the tubes
without removing any part of the casing, and the openings E are placed so low
on the chamber that no special doubling or thickening plates are required as
where these openings fall in the thin shell of the upper part of the chamber.
and further the internal baffle plates U are kept high enough so as not to require
to be disturbed when examining the boiler or withdrawing and renewing the
tubes.
The arrangement of parts further permits where the boiler is used in a vessel
of the decks being kept quite close down on the chamber A without making
special provision for drawing the tubes as it will be seen that they can be
readily drawn ont below the deck and by reason of the curvature in a downward
direction into the interior of the vessel.
In Fig. 5 is shewn a furnace provided with holes Y through the brickwork
of the end walls for feeding air in above the fire.

page_text: In Fig. 2 is shewn an arrangement of tubes V by which some tubes are bent
in such a manner as to partly cover and support the vertical brickwork of end
wall or walls W where often the usual means of attachment are found unsatis-
factory, this arrangement also adding support to the brickwork, and enabling
thinner and lighter bricks to be used:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:
1. In a tubulous boiler and in combination an upper chamber, a chamber beneath
same, a nest of curved water tubes connecting the two chambers, and a furnace situ-
ated on the outside of such nest, the tubes of the nest being curved outwardly towards
the furnaces, and all the tubes being submerged in the water of the upper
chamber so that the outer tubes or those exposed to the greatest heat are sub-
ject to the least pressure of water.
2. In a tubulous boiler and in combination, an upper chamber, a chamber
. beneath same, two nests of curved water tubes connecting the two chambers,
a furnace situated on the outside of each of such nests, the tubes of the nests being
curved outwardly to the furnaces, and all the tubes being submerged in the
water of the upper chamber, so that the outer tubes or those exposed to the
greatest heat are subjected to the least pressure of water, and a series of open-
ings in the sides of the upper chamber through which the curved tubes of the
nest can be drawn out and in a downward direction when leaving the chamber
so as to be kept below the level of such chamber.
3. In a tubulous boiler and in combination, an upper chamber, a chamber
beneath same, a nest of curved tubes connecting, the two chambers, a furnace
situated on the outside of such nest, and a baffle wall on the inside of such nest
of tubes having an opening gradually increasing in size toward the front of the
boiler for the purpose of drawing the greater portion of the gases through the
tubes to that end..
4. In a tubulous boiler and in combination, an upper chamber, a chamber
beneath same, two nests of curved water tubes connecting the two chambers,
a furnace situated on the outside of each of such nests, a chamber between the
two nests and beneath the upper chamber and water return circulating, tubes
known as "Field" tubes carried by the upper chamber in such space adapted
to exhaust the heat of the gases after they have passed through the nests.
5. In a tubulous boiler the combination with an upper and lower chamber,
a furnace, an end wall for same and tubes connecting such chambers, of tubes
arranged to partly cover said end wall and afford a support to same.
Dated this 31st day of October 1900
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicants.