An Improved Apparatus for Steaming or Evaporating, Mixing, and Cooling Fluid Materials.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Feb., 1895-Accepted, 2nd May, 1995
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Apparatus for Steaming or Evaporating, Mixing, and
Cooling Fluid Materials.
A communication from abroad by ALBERT WEICKMANN, of 28, Reichen Strasse,
Munich, Bavaria, in the German Empire, Engineer.
I GEORGE CLEMENT DOWNING of 8 Quality Court, London W.C., Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a closed metallic vessel, preferably of a pear shape,
transversely to its length, the bottom and sides being made cellular. Above the
double bottom a central longitudinal passage, open at each end to the interior, is
formed, through wbich the fluids are caused to circulate. The bottom of the
vessel inside is of a double segmental form. Two revolving tubes are fitted in the
lower part of the chamber, the ends of the tubes passing through stuffing boxes,
These
one end of each tube being fitted with toothed gear for revolving the same.
tubes are hexagonal, externally and are fitted with a series of hollow screw blades
or pockets which may be placed at any desired angle relatively to the axis, and
caused to rotate with the tubes.
In the upper part of the chamber, another revolving tube is fitted, also passing
A number of tubes are fitted
through stuffing boxes at each end of the chamber.
to this tube, at right angles to each other in four lines. The external ends of each
set of radial tubes communicate with four longitudinal perforated tubes. The
spaces enclosed by these tubes are covered with wire gauze, or other perforated
material. This system of tubes is also fitted with driving gear for rotating the
same. The three main revolving tubes are fitted with means for the entry and
discharge of steam, water, or other fluids or liquids.
The method of operation is as follows:-
1. For steaming or evaporating liquid substances :-The material to be steamed
or evaporated is forced into the apparatus. By the rotation of the upper tubular
system, through which the material passes, it becomes finely divided and scattered
in the chamber. The finer parts of the liquid matter are heated by the cellular
portions of the chamber, which are filled with steam, vapour, or the like. The
heavier particles descend to or towards the two lower shafts, where it is worked
both rotatively and longitudinally by the rotating blades or pockets; accumulating
at one end towards which it is driven, and returning to the other end through the
enclosed passage at the bottom. In this manner a complete equalised heating and
steaming or evaporating of the liquid mass is effected. The double wall of the
chamber prevents cooling and loss of effect. A steam chest with a safety valve is
fitted to the chamber, which may be used with steam at any suitable pressure, or a
vacuum may be produced and utilised.
In case the liquid mass to be steamed or evaporated should evolve strong foam,
two diagonal plates are fitted in the upper part of the chamber, against which the
bubbles are thrown by the rotating arms and thereby caused to burst.
2. For mixing and cooling:-The arrangement of the apparatus enables fluid or
semi-fluid matter to be thoroughly mixed by the 3 sets of rotating appliances.
The apparatus enables the mixing to be carried on with the aid of steam. Also
the material may be cooled by the application of cold water circulating in the

page_text: lower rotating tubes and chambers formed in the cellular screw blades, and in the
outer walls of the chamber. The development of pernicious fumes is thereby also
partly prevented by means of the cold walls of the apparatus.
Dated 1st Mar 1894
An Improved Apparatus for Steaming or Evaporating, Mixing, and
Cooling Fluid Materials.
A communication from abroad by ALBERT WEICKMANN, of 28, Reichen Strasse,
Munich, Bavaria, in the German Empire, Engineer.
I, GEORGE CLEMENT DOWNING, of 8 Quality.Court, London W.C., Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to manufacture an improved apparatus for steaming
or evaporating, mixing and cooling fluid materials.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and
ascertained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which
similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a horizontal section, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. 3
is a transverse vertical section.
My invention consists of a closed metallic vessel a, preferably of a pear shape in
transverse section, the bottom and sides being made cellular, chambers b being
formed by means of the double bottom and sides. Upon and over the inner plate
forming the double bottom is a central longitudinal passage d, open at each end to
the interior, through which the fluids are caused to circulate. The bottom of the
vessel inside is of a double segmental form. Two revolving tubes c c are fitted in
the lower part of the chamber, the ends of the tubes, passing through stuffing
boxes, one end of each tube being fitted with toothed gear for revolving the same.
The tubes c c are (preferably) hexagonal, externally, and are fitted with a series
of hollow screw blades or pockets f, which may be placed at any desired angle
relatively to the axis, and caused to rotate with the tubes c.
The pockets are secured to the tubes c by bolts and nuts h, as shown in Figs. 4
and 5 and in such a manner that the two plates forming the sides of the pockets
may be held together, or caused to open, more or less, by means of wedge pieces g
for the purpose of passing steam or other fluid through the same into the
chamber.
In the upper part of the chamber, another revolving tube i is fitted, also passing
through stuffing boxes at each end of the chamber. A number of tubes k, l, are
fitted to the tube i, at right angles to each other, radially and longitudinally, as
shown. The external ends of each set of radial tubes k communicate with the
four longitudinal perforated tubes 1. The spaces between these tubes are covered
with wire gauze m, or other perforated material. This system of tubes is also
fitted with driving gear for rotating the same. The three main revolving tubes c c
and i, are fitted with means for the entry and discharge of steam, water, or other
fluids or liquids.
The method of operation is as follows:-
1. For steaming or evaporating liquid substances:-The material to be steamed
or evaporated is forced into the apparatus. By the rotation of the upper tubular
system, through which the material passes, it becomes finely divided and scattered
in the chamber. The finer parts of the liquid matter are heated by the cellular

page_text: portions of the chamber, which are filled with steam, vapour, or the like. The
beavier particles descend to or towards the two lower shafts, where such particles
are worked, both rotatively and longitudinally by the rotating blades or pockets f;
accumulating at one end towards which they are driven by the angular blades, and
returning to the other end through the passage d, at the bottom. In this manner
a complete equalised heating and steaming or evaporation of the liquid mass is
effected. The double wall of the chamber prevents cooling and loss of effect.
A steam chest with a safety valve (not shown in the drawings) is fitted to the
chamber, which may be used with steam at any suitable pressure; or a vacuum
may be produced and utilised.
In case the liquid mass to be steamed or evaporated should evolve strong foam,
two diagonal plates o o are fitted in the upper part of the chamber, against which
the bubbles are thrown by the rotating arms, and thereby caused to burst.
Also
2. For mixing and cooling:-The arrangement of the apparatus enables fluid or
semi-fluid matter to be thoroughly mixed by the 3 sets of rotating appliances.
The apparatus enables the mixing to be carried on with the aid of steam.
the material may be cooled by the application of cold water circulating in the
lower rotating tubes and chambers formed in the cellular screw blades, and in the
outer walls of the chamber. The development of pernicious fumes is thereby also
partly prevented by means of the cold walls of the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved apparatus for steaming or evaporating, mixing, and cooling
fluid materials, substantially as described.
2. In apparatus for the purposes aforesaid, the combination of a rotating system
of tubes i, k, l, for receiving and distributing fluids, the tubes forming suitable
frames for, and being fitted with wire gauze or analogous material, substantially as
bereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. In apparatus for the purposes aforesaid, the combination of rotating cellular
screw discs attached to rotating tubes, severally operating substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated 2nd February 1895.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.