Improvements in Weaving Double Piece Figured Velvet, Produced on Hand or Mechanical Looms.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 29th Mar., 1900-Accepted, 5th May, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Weaving Double Piece Figured Velvet, Produced on
Hand or Mechanical Looms.
I, ANTOINE THARDY, of 271, Cours Lafayette, Lyons, in the Republic of
France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object a very important improvement in the weav
ing of double piece figured velvet and consists in causing the pile bobbins to
feed, in an always regular manner, the threads of which are to work at a given
moment, in order to produce designs having the same height of pile over all
their surface.
It is well known in fact, that in this kind of manufacture of double piece figured
velvet made on a mechanical or hand loom, it has not hitherto been possible to
make the pile forming the designs of a regular height. This difference in the
height of the pile is especially felt in designs of flowers, where the work of the
threads is necessarily very irregular. Thus, for instance, at the commencement
or at the end of a flower, where there are generally only a few threads at work,
as the creel draws but little, and has no feeder, the parts or pieces separate, and
absorb more pile and leave the latter consequently higher than in the centre of
the flower, where there are several bobbins working because there the creel draws
harder and compresses the pieces at this place and consequently the pile is
naturally shorter.
Now as already stated, this invention has for its object to completely correct
this defect, and yield always, at any given moment of the manufacture, that is to
say, whether the number of pile threads which are working be large or small,
a pile of always equal height.
This absolute regularity in the height of the pile is obtained by an arrange-
ment of a movable feeder combined with the loom, which has the action,
instead of simply supplying the pile threads alone, of causing them by a supple-
mentary force which it imparts to them to pull on the bebbins of the creel,
after these pile threads have always been maintained gripped until beyond the
feeder, in order to prevent them being fed prematurely which would cause the
pieces to be crowded to a certain extent, and diminish to some extent the advan-
tages conferred by this feeder.
This movable feeder is generally composed of a movable comber board, which
will replace and occupy the place of the ordinary fixed comber board in which
the mails, serving for guiding the pile threads are inserted and which is placed
under the warp behind the cord pattern.
In order to obtain the mobility of this comber board at the moment when the
pile threads must come into action, that is to say every 4, 6, or 8 picks according
to the draught and cording to be made, a suitable operating apparatus is
employed, according to the kind of loom, i.e. whether hand or mechanical, with
which the present improved arrangement is to be applied.
In one arrangement a comber board is supported at its corners by spiral
springs attached to a fixed part of the loom, and it is guided in its vertical

page_text: '
displacement in any suitable manner, for instance, by means of pins at its ends,
which are carried by a suitable bracket fixed at each side to the frame of the
loom, and which serves also to limit its vertical displacement.
This comber board is operated by the mechanism of the loom, by means of
four ordinary harness cords, each connected with a special hook of the mechanismı
and also with a corner of said board. In order that a pull exerted by the
mechanism on the upper end of the said cords may be converted into a pull in
the opposite direction, that is to say, may cause the comber board to be lowered,
these cords pass over intermediate pulleys beneath the board and are hooked or
otherwise suitably attached to the under side of said board.
.
Instead of four cords, two only may be employed in the case where each cord
is connected in the form of a fork, to two corners of the board, and the latter
is guided in its displacement by the corner pins herein before: mentioned.
Nevertheless any other arrangement for actuating and mounting said board,
yielding the same result, may also be employed.
In consequence of the mobility of this comber board, the bobbins are forced,
as may casily be understood, to feed, that is to say, to unwind the material with
all the variation to which the board is subjected, as this latter in fact, in its
descent, encounters the mails through which the pile treads are passed, and
causes them to be lowered and consequently to unwind their corresponding
bobbins to a similar extent.
This displacement of the board only causes the threads which are working, at
a given moment to be fed, the others which are not working are not fed at all,
because they already occupy the lower position, and their mails cannot conse-
quently be affected by the displacement of the board.
Finally, the descent of this board only takes place at certain picks, for instance,
the pick which precedes the attachment of the pile of one piece to another, and
in rising under the pulling action of the recoil springs, it releases the mails
and allows them to hang. The connecting of the pile being effected in the
following picks, the threads absorb gradually the length which is drawn off the
bobbins, until the mails of these threads rise progressively in the course of
manufacture, or are again lowered in a further displacement of the comber
board, and thus successively during the whole course of the manufacture.
In any case as it might happen, that in the descent of the mails by the
comber board, the pull operated by the pile threads on their bobbins, would
produce also a tension at the front of the loom, which would have for its effect
to press the two pieces one against the other, the pull of these pile threads at
the front of the loom, is avoided by the arrangement of a second pile rod which,
operated by two special hooks of the mechanism, presses against the ordinary
pile rod an instant before the descending movement is imparted to the comber
board, so that these pile threads being pressed between the two rods are held
fixed on the front of the loom during the time when the board causes them to
pull on their bobbins, and their pull is not felt by the pieces, which conse-
quently maintain between them the same distance apart during the whole
manufacture.
Immediately the comber board has terminated its descent, the hooks of the
pile rod cease to pull the cords and suitably provided springs lift quickly the
rod which presses down the pile threads, and the latter become again free in
.front.
In order that the pressure of this supplementary pile stick or pile rod on the
other rod may be more uniform, and that a better momentary gripping of the
threads may be obtained, it is preferably covered with a casing of india-rubber,
cloth, or the like.
In another arrangement this same feeder may be aplied to a mechanical
loom, but its movement instead of being effected by means of the Jacquard or
other device employed, is imparted to it mechanically by two cams, each
mounted on one end of the loom, on a shaft actuated by an intermediate shaft

page_text: by means of a pinion and wheel. In their rotation said cams act on studs or
catches fixed on the comber board and impart to it by this means, the descend-
ing movement utilised for producing, as herein before described, the pull of the
pile threads on their bobbins. This board is supported by a frame and is
returned to its initial position by recoil springs. A second pile stick added
with the same object as the one already described, is operated by one or two
independent cams, in order to produce a gripping of the pile threads one against
the other, an instant before the descent of the comber board.
Any other suitable mechanical movement may of course be employed for the
operation under the conditions herein before indicated of this comber board and
additional pile stick. Finally instead of this feeder being formed of a comber
board it may equally well be composed of a stick or rod arranged directly in
the angle formed by the pile threads above the mails, which stick receives an
alternate descending movement with the sanie object as that described for the
comber board.
001
י
T
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
.
Improvements in Weaving Double Piece Figured Velvet, Produced on
Hand or Mechanical Looms.
I, ANTOINE THARDY, of 271, Cours Lafayette, Lyons, in the Republic of
France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention has for its object a very important improvement in the weav-
ing of double piece figured velvet and consists in causing the pile bobbins, the
threads of which are to work at a given moment to feed, in an always regular
manner, in order to produce designs having the same height of pile over all
their surface.
It is well known in fact, that in this kind of manufacture of double piece figured
velvet made on a mechanical er hand loom, it has not hitherto been possible to
make the pile forming the designs of a regular height. This difference in the
height of the pile is especially felt in designs of flowers, where the work of the
threads is necessarily very irregular. Thus, for instance, at the commencement
or at the end of a flower, where there are generally only a few threads at work.
as the creel draws but little, and has no feeder, the parts or pieces separate, and
absorb more pile and leave the latter consequently higher than in the centre of
the flower, where there are several bobbins working because there the creel draws
harder and compresses the pieces at this place and consequently the pile is
naturally shorter.
Now as already stated, this invention has for its object to completely correct
this defect, and yield always, at any given moment of the manufacture, that is to
say, whether the number of pile threads which are working be large or small,
a pile of always equal height.
This absolute regularity in the height of the pile is obtained by an arrange-
ment of a movable feeder combined with the loom, which has the action,
instead of simply supplying pile threads alone, of causing. them by a supple-
mentary force which it imparts to them to pull on the bobbins of the creel,

page_text: these pile threads being always kept gripped until beyond the feeder, in order
to prevent them being fed prematurely which would cause the pieces to be
crowded to a certain extent, and diminish to some extent the advantages con-
ferred by this feeder.
This movable feeder is composed of a movable comber board, which will
replace and occupy the place of the ordinary fixed comber board in which the
mails, serving for guiding the pile threads are inserted and which is placed
under the warp behind the cord pattern.
In order to obtain the mobility of this comber board at the moment when the
pile threads must come into action, that is to say every 4, 6 or 8 picks according.
to the draught and cording to be made, a suitable operating apparatus is
employed, according to the kind of loom, i.e. whether hand or mechanical, with
which the present improved arrangement is to be applied.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Figs. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views of two arrangements for use with hand
looms,
Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic views of an arrangement capable of being
used with mechanical looms, and
Fig. 5 a modification of the movable feeder capable of being utilized instead
of the movable comber board described in the three preceding arrangements.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 a comber board P is supported at its
corners by spiral springs R attached to a fixed part of the loom, and it is
guided in its vertical displacement in any suitable manner, for instance, by
means of pins G at its ends, which are carried by a suitable bracket E fixed at
each side to the frame of the loom, and which serves also to limit its vertical
displacement. This comber board is operated by the mechanism of the loom,
by means of four ordinary harness cords A, each connected with a special
hook D of the mechanism and also with a corner of said board. In order that
a pull exerted by the mechanism on the upper end of the said cords may be
converted into a pull in the opposite direction, that is to say, may cause the
comber board to be lowered, these cords pass over intermediate pulleys S beneath
the board and are hooked or otherwise suitably attached to the under side of
said board.
Instead of four cords, two only may be employed in the case where, as shown
in Fig. 2. each cord is connected in the form of a fork, to two corners of the
board, and the latter is guided in its displacement by the corner pins G herein-
before mentioned. Nevertheless any other arrangement for actuating and
mounting said board, yielding the same result, may also be employed.
In consequence of the mobility of this comber board, the bobbins are forced,
as may easily be understood, to feed, that is to say, to unwind the material with
all the variation to which the board is subjected, as this latter in fact, in its
descent, encounters the mails through which the pile threads are passed, and
causes them to be lowered and consequently to unwind their corresponding
bobbins to a similar extent.
This displacement of the board only causes the threads which are working, at
a given moment to be fed, the others which are not working are not fed at all,
because they already occupy the lower position, and their mails cannot conse-
quently be affected by the displacement of the board.
Finally, the descent of his board only takes place at certain picks, for instance,
the pick which precedes the attachment of the pile of one piece to another, and
in rising under the pulling action of the recoil springs R, it releases the mails
and allows them to hang. The connecting of the pile being effected in the
following picks, the threads absorb gradually the length which is drawn off the
bobbins, until the mails of these threads rise progressively in the course of
manufacture. or are again lowered in a further displacement of the comber
board, and thus successively during the whole course of the manufacture.
In any case as it might happen, that in the descent of the mails by the

page_text: comber board, the pull operated by the pile threads on their bobbins, would
produce also a tension at the front of the loom, which would have for its effect
to press the two pieces one against the other, the pull of these pile threads at
the front of the loom, is avoided by the arrangement of a second pile rod Z
which, operated by two special hooks of the mechanism, presses against the
ordinary pile rod H an instant before the descending movement is imparted to
the comber board, so that these pile threads being pressed between the two
rods H and Z are held fixed on the front of the loom during the time when the
board causes them to pull on their bobbins, and their pull is not felt by the
pieces, which consequently maintain between them the same distance apart
during the whole manufacture.
Immediately the comber board has terminated its descent, the hooks F of
the pile rod cease to pull the cords X and suitably provided springs Y lift
quickly the rod Z which pressed down the pile threads, and the latter become
again free in front.
In order that the pressure of this supplementary pile stick or pile rod Z on
the other rod H may be more uniform, and that a better momentary gripping
of the threads may be obtained, it is preferably covered with a casing of india
rubber, cloth, or the like.
of a
In the arrangement shown in side view in Fig. 3 and rear end view in Fig. 4
this same feeder may be applied to a mechanical loom, but its movement instead
of being effected by means of the Jacquard or other device employed, is
imparted to it mechanically. by two cams J, each mounted on one end of the
loom, on a shaft K actuated by an intermediate shaft L by means
pinion M and wheel N. In their rotation said cams J act on studs or catches Ü
fixed on
the comber board and impart to it by this means, the descending
movement utilised for producing, as herein before described, the pull of the pile
threads on their bobbins. This board is supported by a frame T and is returned
to its initial position by recoil springs R. A second pile stick Z added with
the same object as the one already described, is operated by one or two inde-
pendent cams, in order to produce a gripping of the pile threads one against the
other, an instant before the descent of the comber board.
Any other suitable mechanical movement may of course be employed for the
operation under the conditions herein before indicated of this comber board and
additional pile stick. Finally instead of this feeder being formed of a comber
board it may equally well be composed of a stick or rod Vas shown in Fig. 5
arranged directly in the angle formed by the pile threads above the mails,
which stick receives an alternate descending movement with the same object as
that described for the comber board.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
1. The improvement in hand or mechanical looms for weaving double piece
figured velvet, which consists in providing a feeder adapted to be moved to
cause the pile threads at their rear parts to draw intermittently on their bobbins
and to cause the said threads at their front parts to be kept fixed at this moment
in order to prevent the pull for taking up the pile being felt by the two pieces,
which consequently keep the same distance, whereby there is imparted to the
finished fabric a regularity in the height of the pile, whatever may be the
number of pile threads which work at a given moment to form the desired
pattern, substantially as herein before set forth.
2. In hand or mechanical looms of the kind described, a form of movable
feeder consisting of a movable comber board having suitable means for moving
it at desired moments to cause the pile threads to pull intermittently on their
bobbins substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. In hand or mechanical looms of the kind described, the modified form of

page_text: movable feeder, substantially as described with reference to Fig. 5 of the accom-
panying drawings.
4. The improved feed device for pile threads in hand or mechanical looms, con-
structed and operating as a whole substantially as described with reference to
Fig. 1 or Fig. 2, or Figs. 3 and 4, of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 2011.
Mach 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.