IMPROVEMENTS. IN STEAM GENERATORS FOR MARINE ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS. IN
STEAM GENERATORS FOR MARINE ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES " which Invention
has been communicated to me from abroad by Nicolas Joseph Victor Cadiat of
Paris in the Republic of France to be as follows:-
:-
The object of the present Invention is to provide a simple and efficient steam
generator especially adapted for use when it is an object to obtain great power
and a rapid generation of steam and to occupy small space with but small weight.
The generators constructed according to this Invention are especially adapted
for generating steam for marine Engines or for windlasses and cranes, locomotives
and the like.
A steam generator constructed according to this Invention consists as follows.—
Within the shell of the boiler is contained an inclined cluster of water tubes
around which the flame from the fire plays, the said tubes being fixed at their
upper and lower ends in head plates the lower plate being bolted to a cap that
forms a passage for water at the base of the tubes The upper plate is joined in
the same way to a dome preferably of a spherical or conical shape in which the
water level is maintained and which is also the steam chamber-The tubes may
be fixed in the head plates by the ordinary means but if this be not a construction
strong enough to give sufficient support to the parts some of the tubes may be
made stronger than the others and be tapped into the plates and secured thereto
by nuts Some of the tubes at the upper part of the cluster or group and furthest
from the fire are made of larger capacity than the others and their office is to
facilitate the circulation of the water in the boiler-The shell or body of the boiler
at the part forming the fire box and combustion chamber is composed of two parts
one being a half cylindrical portion embracing the upper part of the group of
tubes and being composed of double plates having between them a refractory
substance and being secured to the edges or outer parts of the head plates-Upon

page_text: this portion of the shell is fixed the chimney and in the said portion are doors for
allowing of the cleaning of the tubes when required by means of a jet of steam or
otherwise The other portion of the shell or body of the boiler consists of a casing
made of plates and angle iron fashioned so as to hold refractory material and it
contains inclined fire bars and terminates at bottom in an ash pit. The angle irons
at the corners of the shell terminate in feet serving to bolt the boiler in its place-
This second portion of the shell may be secured to the first portion so as to be
removeable and this may be effected by cotter pins engaging in eyes in the parts
of the shell.
Owing to the oblique position of the head plates there is a difference in the
depth of water at different parts and therefore to ensure proper disengagement of
steam over the whole extent of the surface of the water there is provided at a
little below the normal level of the water a piece having for its office to equalize
and facilitate the disengagement of steam-Across the rear of this piece is an
intercepter for the purpose of facilitating the return of the water and its descent
by the larger of the tubes and its neighbours. For preventing the priming of the
steam there is arranged in the boiler before the steam outlet a purifier composed
of a coil round inside which the steam travels to the outlet from the boiler and in
consequence of the centrifugal force due to this circular motion of the steam the
particles of water therein are projected against the sides of the coil and pass
through oblique slits situated at intervals in the sides of the coil the collected
water issuing into a box surrounding the coil and having at its lower part an
outlet by which the water passes back to the boiler.
The boiler is furnished with the usual accessories and the parts necessary for
fixing it in its place.
To regulate the production of steam an artificial draught may be produced by
providing the chimney with an annular channel provided with a number of nozzles
entering the chimney and projecting upwards-Into this channel and from these
nozzles exhaust steam from the engine may be passed as desired or compressed air
may be used for the same purpose.

page_text: Improvements in Steam Generators for Marine Engines and for
other Purposes.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by Nicolas Joseph Victor Cadiat of Paris in the
Republic of France and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of the present Invention is to provide a simple and efficient steam
generator especially adapted for use when it is an object to obtain great power and
a rapid generation of steam and to economise space and weight.
The generators constructed according to this Invention are especially adapted for
generating steam for Marine Engines or for windlasses and cranes, locomotives and
the like.
The Invention consists in the arrangement and combination of the water and
steam spaces and other parts as hereinafter described.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings represent respectively a side and
end elevation of a boiler constructed according to this Invention.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of the same and figure 4 is a section taken along
the line 1. 2. 3 figure 3.
Figure 5 is a vertical section drawn to a larger scale of a steam drying apparatus
hereinafter described and figure 6 is a plan of the same partly in section Figure 7
is a section taken along the line 4-5 figure 6 of a part of this apparatus.
This steam generator is provided with a number of inclined water tubes A
around which the flame from the fire on an inclined grate G plays. These tubes
are fixed at their upper and lower ends in head or tube plates P P¹ the lower
plate P¹ being bolted to a cap C that forms a passage for water at the base of the
tubes-The upper plate P is joined in the same way to a dome or chamber S
preferably of a spherical or conical shape, in which the water level is maintained,
and which is also the steam chamber. The tubes may be fixed in the tube plates
by the ordinary means, but if this be not a construction strong enough to give
sufficient support to the parts some of the tubes may be made stronger than the
others as indicated at T and be tapped into the plates and secured thereto by nuts
or screwed collars bearing against the inner and outer sides of the plates Some of
the tubes at the upper part of the cluster or group and furthest from the fire are
made of larger capacity than the others and their office is to facilitate the circulation
of the water in the boiler This being essential to rapid evaporation. The shell
or casing of the boiler at the part forming the fire box and combustion chamber is
composed of two parts (D and E) one being a half cylindrical portion (D) enclosing
the upper part of the group of tubes and being composed of double plates having
between them a refractory substance and being secured by screws and flanges to
the edges or outer parts of the tube plates. Upon this portion of the shell or casing
is fixed a chimney B, and in the said portion are doors D¹ enabling the tubes to

page_text: be cleaned when required by means of a jet of steam or otherwise-The other
portion (E) of the shell or casing enclosing the lower part of the group of tubes is
constructed with plates and angle iron, lined if required with refractory materials
and containing the inclined fire bars of the grate G, herein before referred to and
which is provided with a suitable ash pit H. The angle irons at the corners of
the casing terminate in feet p serving to bolt the boiler in its place-This second
portion E of the casing may be secured to the first portion D so as to be remove-
able, and this may be effected by copper pins g, figure 1 engaging in eyes in the
part D for example.-The parts D and E are connected to the chamber S and cap C
by bolts and flanges as indicated in the drawing.
Owing to the oblique position of the tube plate P there is a difference or
inequality in the depth of water covering this plate at different parts and
therefore to ensure proper disengagement of steam over the whole extent of the
surface of the water and prevent priming, there is provided at a little below the
normal level of the water a perforated plate or screen F whose perforations are so
regulated or graduated as to equalize and evenly distribute the bubbles of escaping
steam An opening is provided at the rear of this screen for the purpose of
facilitating the return of the water and its descent, by the large tubes T¹ and by
the other water tubes at this part of the boiler-As an additional precaution to
prevent the priming of the steam, there is arranged in the chamber S before the
steam outlet, a purifier I illustrated in detail in figures 5. 6 and 7 in the form of
a drum or cylinder provided internally with a coil 8 through which the steam
travels from an inlet orifice a to the outlet orifice b-This coil is provided at
suitable intervals on its outer side with oblique or inclined slits c arranged as
indicated in figure 6 and in consequence of the centrifugal force due to the circular
motion of the steam passing from a to b the particles of water therein are pro-
jected against the sides of the coil and pass through the said slits in the sides of
the coil, the intercepted water issuing into and being collected in the drum or
cylinder surrounding the coil and which is provided at its lower part with an
outlet e by which the water passes back to the boiler.
The boiler is furnished with the usual accessories such as a guage glass i
figure 2 a safety valve r a manometer m a whistle x a steam chest K with suitable
connections for the engine, blow off cocks, jet cocks and the like, as well as rings
or other devices or parts necessary or useful for facilitating its transport or for
fixing it in its place.
. It is preferable to work this boiler with a forced or artificial draught which may
be produced by providing the chimney with an annular channel J figures 1 and 3
provided with a number of nozzles j entering the chimney and projecting upwards.
Into this channel and from these nozzles exhaust steam from the engine may be
passed, or compressed air may be used for the same purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is,
The arrangements and combination of parts constituting an improved steam
generator substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.