IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR, SHARPENING AND SETTING SAWS "
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake,
and Co, Patent Agents Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
communicated to him from abroad by Laurent Martinier of Cognin, France,
SHARPENING AND SETTING SAWS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th November 1882.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings London "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SHARPENING
AND SETTING SAWS [A communication to him from abroad by Laurent Martinier
of Cognin, France,]
"
This invention relates to improvements in machines for sharpening and setting
carpenters' or other saws, which machines effect the sharpening by means of an
ordinary file and not by a grindstone or emery wheel.
The said invention will be better understood by referring to the accompanying
drawing which represents a machine, in detail, by way of example
Figure 1 shows the machine in front elevation with a band-saw in position for
sharpening.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same
Figures 34 and 5 represent the tool-holder or carrier in side elevation, plan,
and end elevation
Figures 6 and 7 represent the pawls or clicks and their adjusting mechanism.
Figures 8, 9 and 10 show different views of the mechanism for setting the saws,
which mechanism is secured to the frame of the machine.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the drawing.
a represents the support for the endless blade, the height of which is regulated
in the clamp b by means of the wheel c. This endless blade is carried at each end
of the machine upon pulleys i supported by the angle-pieces j. The holes e serve
for mounting circular blades; these blades are received and held in the clamp b by
the bolt 6' which is screwed into one or other of the said holes according to the

page_text: diameter of the said blade. A carpenters hand-saw is fixed by the blade in the
clamp b; the heel of the saw-handle is supported by the angle-piece c¹ but is free to
slide, under the action of the pawl or click.
The mechanism of the file-holder or carrier represented in detail in Figures 3, 4
and 5 is mounted upon the cast iron frame t.
It is necessary, in order that the sharpening of the saw can be conveniently effected,
that the file should have a rectilinear motion and that the working angle of this
file should not be altered after it is set. This is easily attained by means of the
screws 3, 4 and 5. The file, fixed by the tang in a socket faud held by the point
in the piece g, can be turned upon these two points in such a manner as to be
placed according to the angle of the tooth to be filed. When it is set in this
position, the file is fixed by means of the screw h and its position is adjusted by the
screws 4 and 5 which permit of moving the file to the right or to the left, or
obliquely; by simply operating one of the said screws, it is adjusted in a vertical
plane (that is to say the angle which it should make with the horizontal is fixed)
by means of the screw 3.
An adjusting screw 2 prevents the file from descending lower than the point
required for the height of the teeth of the blade.
Another screw 1 bears upon a treadle resting upon a spring which increases or
diminishes the pressure of the file upon the blade of the saw.
The file holder or carrier is placed upon two pieces 1 forming a parallelogram and
'articulated at eight points, four to the right, and four to the left.
I will herein describo only the four articulations m, m², m³, m³. A connecting
rod o, which receives its movement by means of a bolt n excentrically fixed to the
disc p, is jointed at m to the parallelogram; one of the pieces is articulated at m
directly to the file holder or carrier. The extremity of the connecting rod o
opposite to the bolt n is articulated near the point m at a fifth point q connected
directly, by the frame, with the file-holder or carrier; by these means, if the disc p
is actuated, the bolt n will impart to the connecting rod a to-and-fro movement and
also an up-and-down movement. This double motion is transmitted to the
parallelogram and thus to the file-holder or carrier. The articulation 4, with regard
to the fixed point m of the parallelogram, has a movement up and down which
permits the file to descend for filing and to rise to allow another tooth to be
brought under it.
In the mechanical sharpening of the saws by the file, it is important that the
teeth should advance in proper proportion to the movements. of the file. For this
purpose I employ a pawl or click which, by means of a cam r mounted upon the
shaft 8 and acting upon the arın of a lever u pivotted at v, is caused to advance and
retreat upon the teeth of the saw, which serve as a rack. The said pawl causes the
blade of the saw to advance one tooth at each revolution of the cam r. There is
a second pawl x placed upon the same axis, the length of which is adjusted by
means of a thumb-nut y. The operation of the latter pawl can be suppressed by
hooking it to the catch ¹.
As the distance between the teeth in different saws varies, I employ a steel
dividing plate z which covers the teeth of the saw leaving uncovered only the
tooth with which the pawl is to engage. This plate is adjusted, according to the
distance between the teeth, by a screw-nut z¹. A similar plate w for the second
pawl is adjusted by means of the thumb-nut w².
A catch-lever 6 engages with a rod and acts, by means of a fork, upon a clutch 7
to cause the same to slide. To effect the throwing out of gear automatically, it is
only necessary to place upon the blade, at the commencement of the operation, a
clamp, which, at the proper moment, lifts the lever 6 thereby disengaging it from
the said rod. The latter, by means of a strong spring, withdraws the clutch 7 and
disconnects the main shaft from the driving pulley.
The whole of the said parallelogram is upon an inclined plane g in order that
the file will be lifted in an oblique plane which disengages it from the tooth.
The setting of a saw is effected by inclining one tooth to the right and one

page_text: tooth to the left alternately, so as to form in the wood a cut wider than the blade
of the saw. I effect this operation mechanically by the arrangement represented
in side elevation, plan, and end elevation by Figures 8, 9 and 10, fitted on the frame
of the machine to form the complement of the mechanism required for dressing
saw-blades.
In mechanically setting saws, it is necessary to overcome either the insufficiency
or excess in the hardening of the said blade, or more frequently the difference in
thickness at various parts of the blade. The mechanism which I employ to effect
the operation under the most favorable conditions is constructed as follows, that is
to say-A is a cylinder formed with a groove in which fits the friction-roller B of
the piece C which carries the two punches or setting tools D. If the cylinder A
is set in motion by means of the hand-wheel E, it will impart a regular to-and-fro
movement to the piece C and consequently to the punches D. The blade is placed
in the groove F. Two levers connected to the piece C by bolts and springs and
turning upon pivots are operated by the piece C but their upper extremities move
in a contrary direction to the piece C.
Two movable pieces serve as clamps for the blade, and their pressure upon the
same is ensured by springs which allow it to slide with a slight friction between
the clamps. The travel of the said movable pieces is limited by set-screws.
A shaft N carrying a toothed pinion gearing with a toothed wheel actuates,
by means of an excentric, a pawl or click which causes the blade to advance one
tooth at each oscillation. The division of the teeth is effected as above described
by a covering plate.
serves for
The mechanism is operated by the hand-wheel E. The wheel R serv
adjusting the mechanism relatively to the width of the blade.
The projection of the punches D, and consequently the greater or less set of the
teeth of the saw, is adjusted by means of the set-screw S. The spring T serves to
maintain the punch constantly pushed outward.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th May 1883.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings, London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SHARPENING
AND SETTING SAWS"—A communication to me from abroad by Laurent Martinier,
of Cognin, France.
This invention relates to improvements in machines for sharpening and setting
carpenters' or other saws, which machines effect the sharpening by means of an
ordinary file and not by means of an emery wheel or the like.
The said invention will be readily understood by referring to the accompanying
drawing, which represents a machine in detail by way of example..
Figure 1 shows the said machine in front elevation, with a band saw in position
for sharpening.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 represent the tool-holder or carrier in side elevation, plan and
end elevation.
Figures 6 and 7 represent in front elevation and plan the pawls or clicks and
their adjusting mechanism.
Figures 8, 9 and 10 show in side elevation, plan, and side elevation with some of
the parts removed, the mechanism for setting the saws, which mechanism is secured
to the frame of the machine.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the drawing.
a represents the support for the endless blade, the height of which is regulated
in the clamp b by means of the wheel c. This endless blade, at each end of the
machine is passed around pulleys i supported by the angle-pieces j. The holes e
serve for mounting circular blades; these blades are received and held in the
clamp by the bolt b¹ which is screwed into one or other of the said holes
according to the diameter of the said blade. A carpenters' hand saw is fixed by
the blade in the clamp b, and the heel of the saw-handle is supported by the angle-
piece c¹ but is free to slide under the action of the pawl or click.
The mechanism of the file-holder or carrier, represented in detail in Figures 3, 4
and 5 is mounted upon the cast iron frame t.
It is necessary, in order that the sharpening of the saw may be properly effected,
that the file should have a rectilinear motion, and that the working angle of this
file should not be altered after it is set. This is easily attained by means of the
screws 3, 4, and 5. The file, fixed by the tang in a socket f, and held by the point
in the piece g, can be turned upon these two points in such a manner as to be
placed according to the angle of the tooth to be filed. When it is set in this
position the file is fixed by means of the screw h and its position is adjusted by
ineans of the screws 4 and 5, which permit of moving the file to the right or to the
left or obliquely by simply operating one of the said screws, it is adjusted in a
vertical plane (that is to say, the angle which it should make with the horizontal
is fixed) by means of the screw 3.
An adjusting screw 2 prevents the file from descending lower than the point
required for the height of the teeth of the blade.
Another screw 1 bears upon a treadle lever resting upon a spring k which
increases or diminishes the pressure of the file upon the blade of the saw.
The file-holder or carrier is placed upon two pieces forming a parallelogram and
articulated at eight points, four to the right and four to the left.

page_text: I will herein describe only the four articulations m, m², m², m³. A connecting
rod o, which receives its movement by means of a bolt n excentrically fixed to the
disc p, is jointed at m to the parallelogram, one of the pieces is articulated at m'
directly to the file-holder or carrier. The extremity of the connecting rod o opposite
to the bolt n is articulated near the point m, at a fifth point q, connected directly,
by the frame, with the file-holder or carrier; by these means if the disc p is actuated,
the bolt n will impart to the connecting rod a to-and-fro movement and also-an
up-and-down movement This double notion is transmitted to the parallelogram
and thus to the file-holder or carrier. The point of articulation q, with regard to
the fixed point m of the parallelogram, has a movement up and down, which
permits the file to descend for filing and to rise to allow another tooth to be
brought under it.
In the mechanical sharpening of the saws by the file, it is important that the
teeth should advance in proper proportion to the movements of the file. For this
purpose, I employ a pawl or click which, by means of a cam r mounted upon the
shaft 8 and acting upon the arm of a lever u pivotted at v, is caused to advance
and retreat upon the teeth of the saw which serve as a rack. The said pawl causes
the blade of the Eaw to advance one tooth at each revolution of the cam r. There
is a second pawl x placed upon the same axis, the length of which pawl is adjusted
by means of a thumb-nut y. The operation of the latter pawl can be suppressed
by booking it to the catch x¹.
As the distance between the teeth in different saws, varies, I employ a steel
dividing plate z which covers the teeth of the saw leaving uncovered only the tooth
with which the pawl is to engage. This plate is adjusted, according to the distance
between the teeth, by a screw-nut z¹. A similar plate w, for the second pawl, is
adjusted by means of the thumb-nut w¹.
A catch-lever 6 engages with a rod and acts by means of a fork upon a clutch 7
to cause the same to slide. To effect the throwing out of gear automatically, it is
only necessary to place upon the blade, at the commencement of the operation, a
clamp which at the proper moment lifts the lever 6 thereby disengaging it from the
said rod. The latter, by means of a strong spring, withdraws the clutch 7 and
disconnects the main shaft from the driving pulley.
The whole of the said parallelogram is arranged upon an inclined plane in
order that the file shall be lifted in an oblique plane and thus disengaged from the
tooth.
The setting of a saw is effected by inclining one tooth to the right and one tooth
to the left alternately, so as to form in the wood a cut wider than the blade of the
SAW. I effect this operation mechanically by the device represented in side
elevation, plan and end-elevation in Figures 8, 9 and 10, which device is fitted on
the frame of the machine to form the complement of the mechanism required for
dressing saw-blades.
In mechanically setting saws it is necessary to overcome either the insufficiency
or the excess in the hardening of the said blade, or more frequently the difference
in thickness at various parts of the blade. The mechanism which I employ to
effect the operation under the most favorable conditions is constructed as follows,
that is to say; A is a cylinder formed with a groove in which fits the friction
roller B of the piece C which carries the two punches or setting tools D. If the
cylinder A is set in motion by means of the hand-wheel E, it will impart a regular
to-and-fro movement to the piece C and consequently to the punches or setting
tools D. The blade is placed in the groove F. Two levers G connected to
the piece C by bolts and springs and turning upon pivots at I are operated by
the piece C, but their upper extremities move in a contrary direction to the said
piece C.
Two movable pieces K serve as clamps for the blade, and their pressure upon
the same is ensured by springs which allow it to slide with a slight friction
between the clamps. The travel of the said movable pieces K is limited by the set-
screws M.

page_text: When the machine is in motion, at the same time that one of the punches D
bears against the side of a tooth, the opposite lever G presses upon one of the
pieces K and causes the blade to bear against the punch or setting tool. The same
operation is performed with the succeeding tooth on the opposite side, so that the
thick parts of the blade receive a slight setting and the thin parts thereof a more
considerable setting.
A shaft N, carrying a toothed pinion O gearing with a toothed wheel P actuates,
by means of an excentric, the pawl or click Q which causes the blade to advance
one tooth at each oscillation. The division of the teeth is effected, as above
described, by a covering plate. The mechanism is operated by the hand-wheel E.
The wheel R serves for adjusting the mechanism relatively to the width of the
blade.
The projection of the punches or setting tools D, and consequently the greater or
less set of the teeth of the saw, are regulated by means of the set-screw S. The
spring T serves to maintain the punch or setting tool constantly pushed outward.
Having thus fully described the said invention as communicated to me by my
foreign Correspondent and the manner of performing the same I wish it understood
that I claim.
First The improved machine for sharpening and setting saws, constructed and
arranged substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination of the inclined parallelogram with the connecting rod
whereby the file is raised and disengaged from the tooth of the saw, and then
lowered again to operate upon the succeeding tooth, substantially as set forth.
Third The combintion of the clicks or pawls with the regulating or adjusting
plate whereby the blade is caused to advance notwithstanding broken teeth, and
the division of the teeth is rectified, substantially as set forth.
Fourth-The employment of the two regulating or adjusting plates for the
division of the teeth, substantially as set forth.
Fifth The modification of the machine to permit the mechanical sharpening of
carpenters' saws, substantially as set forth.
Sixth The mechanism constructed and arranged substantially as described and
shown in the accompanying drawing for mechanically setting saws as above set
forth.
In witness whereof I the said William Robert Lake have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Twenty fifth day of May in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three