IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND WINDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS ON TO SPOOLS AND TUBES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Smith, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Worsted Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND WINDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
ON TO SPOOLS AND TUBES."
Sealed the 14th March 1865, and dated the 17th September 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
September 1864.
I, JOSEPH SMITH, of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND WINDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS ON TO SPOOLS AND TUBES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in machinery or apparatus
for spinning and winding wool or other fibrous materials on to spools and
tubes, the object being to prevent the unravelling of the worsted or other
material by the rapid revolution of the spool or tube exposed to atmospheric
action or resistance. I propose to accomplish this result by reversing the
position of the spool on the revolving spindle, and causing it to enter
a cap or cover of metal or other substance, in which it rises instead of
receding, as formerly, rotating freely therein, and being protected from the
external air, so that the fibre of the wood or flax is not affected as in the ⚫
ordinary method of spinning. The lower portion of the cap is provided with

page_text: a hoop or regulator of the drag of the spool. This hoop is furnished with a
female thread, so as to screw into a corresponding thread on the exterior of
the cap, so that by lowering it the drag is increased, and by elevating it the
drag is eased. The interior of the cap is cylindrical, and is made with the
entrance contracted about three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter, so as to 5
prevent the wool from revolving against the inside.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th March 1865.
1°
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPHI
SMITH, of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Smith, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Smith, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other's as I, the said Joseph
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND WINDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS ON
TO SPOOLS AND TUBES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Joseph Smith, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be -per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists in improvements in machinery or apparatus for

page_text: spinning and winding wool or other fibrous material on to spools and tubes,
the objects being to prevent the unravelling of the worsted or other material,
and to obtain a better drag or tension upon thé yarn or thread while being
wound upon the spools or tubes in what are called cap frames.
My Invention consists in screwing or otherwise attaching to the outside of
the ordinary cap a ring of metal or other material, by preference conical. The
yarn on its way from the delivery rollers to the spool or tube travels round the
bottom of this ring, and by raising or lowering the ring on the cap I regulate
the tension or drag upon the yarn, and if necessary, as for coarse threads,
prevent friction upon the edge of the cap. For fine threads I sometimes
reverse the position of the ring, that is to say, I place the small end down-
wards, to reduce the extent of surface exposed to the yarn. The ring also
prevents the yarn 'rubbing against the side of the cap and becoming wound
thereon, whereby breaking of the yarn is avoided; or the yarn may be pre-
vented winding on the cap by a wire round the cap. Instead of the moveable
conical ring, I sometimes cast or fix a circular rib or projection on the cap.
My Invention also consists in contracting the entrance or mouth of the
cap about three-sixteenths of an inch, by fixing a ring or projection in the
mouth or otherwise to prevent the thread revolving against the inside of
the cap. Sometimes I make this ring or projection and the outer ring in one
piece, that is to say, I make the inner ring or projection with a broad flange
below the cap to take the place of the outer ring, the inner ring or projection
in this case being screw-threaded externally, in order that it may be screwed
up and down a female thread in the cap to regulate the drag..
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is an elevation, and Figure 2 a
vertical section, representing my improvements.
a is the ordinary cap; b, the conical ring threaded on the inside to screw
on to the cap, which is threaded externally ;- c is the spool; d, the tube, and e,
the whorl; the ring 6 is formed with a flange or enlargement at bottom,
to keep the yarn from coming in contact with the side of the cap a. In
Figure 1, the ring 6 is shewn raised as for fine threads, in order to diminish
the drag or tension. In Figure 2 the bottom of the ring is shewn on a level
with the bottom of the cap a, it may be lowered still further if required. The
bottom of the cap is contracted, as she wnat F, as before stated, to prevent
the thread revolving against the inside of the cap. As the thread is wound
upon the spool c, the whorl tube and spool are raised and lowered in the
ordinary manner; the spool c is inverted, as shewn.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of an arrangement in which a ring 9 with a
flange his screwed into the mouth of the cap d; the ring 9 takes the place

page_text: of the projection f and the flange h of the conical ring 6 in Figures 1 and 2.
The ring 9 with its flange can be raised and lowered. to regulate the drag:
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my "Improve-
ments in Machinery or Apparatus. for Spinning and Winding Wool or other
Fibrous Materials on to Spools and Tubes,"-
First, constructing the caps of cap frames with external screw threads, or
other means for receiving a conical ring or other projection, or forming an
external ring or other projection in a piece with such caps, substantially in
manner and for the purposes herein-before described and represented in
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second, constructing caps of cap frames with the entrance or mouth con-
tracted, substantially in manner and for the purpose herein-before described
and represented in Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Third, the arrangement represented in. Figure 3 of the accompanying
Drawings, and herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five..