Improvements in Boilers, Evaporators, or Heaters.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 11th June, 1898
Improvements in Boilers, Evaporators, or Heaters.
We, LA SOCIÉTÉ ANONYME DU TEMPLE, and HENRY BRILLIE, both of 39, Rue
de Paris, Cherbourg, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a boiler, evaporator or heater which
is very efficient and rapid in its action and which will distil sea water with great
efficiency, but which is applicable also for other purposes where water or other
liquid is to be boiled evaporated or heated, a very rapid circulation being produced
therein the mixture of liquid and steam produced being very efficiently separated
and passed in opposite directions so as to avoid the exit of water or liquid with
the steam.
In apparatus constructed according to this invention the tubes by contact with
which the heating is effected have above them a diverting device which is between
and separates the mixture of liquid and steam produced from the liquid which
has not yet been vapourised which device is so shaped or arranged as to direct
the liquid in the proper direction for circulation without the creation of eddies
or shocks.
The tubes may be either straight or arranged as coils or in a serpentine manner,
but we will describe with reference to the accompanying drawings an arrange-
ment in which serpentine tubes are employed.
Figure 1 is a vertical section and Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the
apparatus.
Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the line a b (of Figure 2) Figures 4, 5
and 6 are respectively a plan, a section on the line c d Figure 1 and a section
on the line e Figure 4 of the steam purifier separately.
1 are feed pipes by which the liquid to be vapourised enters the apparatus.
They have holes at their undersides for causing the liquid to pass in, in the
direction of the circulation in the apparatus. The tubes 5 are enclosed in a
chamber which is enclosed in the outer casing of the apparatus so that there
are spaces 2 between the outside of the chamber 6 and the inside of the outer
casing which spaces give communication between the upper part and the lower
part of the space enclosed by the outer casing so that the liquid distributed by
the pipes 1 descends through the spaces 2 to the lower space 3 which latter is
provided at its centre with a circular upward projection 4 with large curves for
directing the liquid towards the tubes 5. The liquid passes up between these
tubes and is vapourised by contact therewith the said tubes being heated by
a heating agent such as steam which enters by the pipe 7 and passes out by the
exit at 8. A manometer 21 indicates the pressure of the heating agent.

page_text: The mixture of liquid and steam which is formed by contact of the liquid with
the tubes 5 passes up through the space 9 formed by the diverting device above the
tubes 5. The said diverting device is formed by an outer wall 10 and an
inner wall 11 having surfaces of large curve so shaped and disposed that the
mixture of liquid and steam is conducted above the level of the liquid in the
apparatus the height of which is indicated by the gauge 20.
This diverting device which forms an essential feature of our invention has for
its object to conduct the mixture of liquid and steam without eddies or shocks
above the level of the liquid and to cause it to pass therefrom in the direction of
the circulation of the liquid in the apparatus. The pipes 12 which are perforated
at top, are for extracting the concentrated liquid when desired.
The steam rises into the upper part of the apparatus and is purified by contact
with the screens 13 and then passes through the orifice 15 into the purifier 14
(shewn separately in Figures 4, 5 and 6) in which the said steam has a gyratory
movement imparted to it which throws back the liquid in the steam towards the
external walls and dry steam passes off by a perforated central box 16 whence
a pipe 17 conducts it to the condenser or to other place of utilization. The water
is thrown in small globules onto the walls of the purifier 14, and passes down
these walls into the space formed at the meeting of these walls with the convex
bottom of the purifier, which space presents a continuous slope towards the
outlet pipe 18 which conducts the water back to the water space of the apparatus
as shewn in Figure 1. Small screens are arranged in the purifier as shewn at 22
Figure 6 for preventing the steam which circulates in the purifier from coming
into contact with the liquid flowing therefrom as otherwise the steam in its rapid
movement might carry off liquid again with it.
The diverting device at the upper part and the directing device 4 at the lower
part of the apparatus are important features of our invention they being so shaped
and disposed as to direct the liquid in the proper direction of circulation without
eddies or shocks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise details described and illustrated as they may be
varied without departing from the nature of our invention but what we claim is ;-
1. A boiler evaporator or heater in which the heating of liquid is effected by
contact with heated tubes in an inner chamber surrounded by and communicating
with a space for liquid, with a steam chamber above the liquid to be heated being
fed to the outer space and passing therefrom to the inner chamber from below
and the mixture of liquid and steam escaping at the upper part into the outer
space through a diverting device for directing it without eddies or shocks in the
direction of circulation and the steam passing into a purifier which separates
liquid therefrom and returns the said liquid to the apparatus substantially as
herein before described and represented in the accompanying drawing.
2. In an apparatus arranged as claimed by the preceding claiming clause a
diverting device for directing the liquid into the space containing the tubes in
the direction of circulation of liquid substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
3. In an apparatus having an inner chamber containing heating tubes and a
communicating outer space for liquid and a steam space above a diverting device
such as 9, 10, 11 for the purpose described.
4. In an apparatus having an inner chamber containing heating tubes and a
communicating outer space for liquid and a steam space above the combination
of a diverting device such as 9, 10, 11' with a purifier for separating liquid from
the steam, substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
5. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting a boiler,
4

page_text: evaporator or heater substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1898.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.