Improvements in Cut-off and Purifier Valves for Gas-works.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1893-Accepted, 9th June, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cut-off and Purifier Valves for Gas-works.
I, JAKOB GAREIS, Engineer Hardefuststrasse No. 10, of Cologne, Rhenish
Prussia in Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It has at all times been a source of great difficulty to gas-works which use
mineral coal as material for destilling gas from, to obtain suitable and permanently
accurately-working cut-off and switch-apparatus, such as slides, valves and cocks.
This disadvantage has shown itself most unpleasantly in the fact that the better
and more perfect the apparatus for cooling and separating the tar, and the larger
the so-called scrubbers, the less can the slides or valves of the constructions
hitherto in use be permanently kept tight in the system of dry purification. This
inconvenience is caused by the gas in the long run depositing on the tight-surfaces
of the valves about which it flows impurities and in special solid naphthaline
secretions which meet with dissolving substances such as tar and coal-tar oils in a
degree proportionately less to the efficient working of the apparatus for the wet
purification in which system these substances are kept back.
'
In order specially to remedy the great drawback of leaking valves in cut-off and
switch apparatus in the purifying-houses, I have invented my new valve, in which
leakage in consequence of the deposit of impurities such as naphtaline secretions is
avoided by the arrangements now to he described.
1. The tight-surfaces of the valves which are ground on each other, do not lift
off as in the constructions hitherto in use but slide while firmly pressing against
each other and do not permit of any deposits taking place, as these surfaces are
always automatically cleaned by the action of sliding.
2. The tight-surfaces lying on each other are exactly equal, thus covering each
other completely and quite accurately in the position in which the valves are closed
and therefore they do not come at all into contact with the gas in this position but
only for a moment when they are in motion.
3. Between the tight-surfaces lying on each other consistent machine-grease is
continually being pressed so that an absolutely reliable and hermetically tight
shutting-off is obtained.
A valve provided with these improvements is represented in annexed drawing."
Fig. 1 shows the front-view; Fig. 2 the section PQ through the body of the
valve; Fig. 3 the vertical section. RS through the valve-cap; Fig. 4 the
section M N through the valve-cap and Fig. 5 the front-view of the tight-surfaces.
In Figs. 6, 7 and 8 details are shown on a larger scale.
The valve consists chiefly of the lower part or valve-body A, bearing the various
pipe-joints and of a cap B which turns on it about a vertical centre-axis.
The lower part A is divided by four vertical partition-walls, forming a cross in
the section, into four separate chambers, each of which communicates with a
pipe-joint b. The cap B, on the other hand, is divided by a vertical middle-wall'e
into two chambers, only in such a manner that, according as the wall e is brought
on to the one or the other, axis of the cross of the partition walls in A by the
rotation of the cap, two pairs of chambers, lying near each other in the one or the
other direction in the valve, are connected with each other by one chamber of
the cap B.
Quite at the bottom of the "cap B, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 stating from the
middle of c to the outer wall, two vertical ribs d standing at right angles to é are

page_text: cast on.
C
These ribs form the same tight-surfaces on their bottom as offered by the
wall and the transverse walls a, so that the tight-surfaces when looking from
above towards the lower-part of the valve A as well as from below towards the
valve-cap B, show the same figure of a circle with a cross in the interior, as repre-
sented in Fig. 5. These tight-surfaces are therefore, as has already been
mentioned, perfectly equal and when the wall stands on the transverse-wall of A
in the one direction, the tight-surfaces of d lie on the otherwise free surfaces of the
partition-wall at A which has a direction at right angles to in order thus to
prevent the action of the gases and the deposit of impurities on the latter tight-
surfaces.
C
The rotatory motion of the cap or bell B is accordingly 90° and is accurately
limited by the screw t, visible above in the turning-mechanism in Fig. 6. The
vertical axis e, which serves to turn the cap, lies as usual, so as to be able to rotate
in a traverse s attached by means of posts r to the upper margin of A. A strong
and only slightly elastic spiral-springy pressing from below against s drives the cap
continually downwards, and thus forces the tight-surfaces, which are rubbing
against each other, firmly together; this spring may be hent according to need by
the nut h.
Consistent grease, which is contained in a vessel k attached to the upper part of
the axis e, passes through suitably arranged channels i between the tight-surfaces
which are rubbing against each other lubricating them and at the same time helping
to produce an absolute tightness. Of course the vessel is fitted in the usual
manner with a screw mechanism for pressing out the grease and forcing it into the
channels and between the tight-surfaces.
The lower part of the valve A is provided on its upper margin with a cup
running all round the depression of which is filled with machine-grease and into
which dips the overhanging lower edge of the cap B (Fig. 6). The depth of the
cup
is so adjusted that the greatest inside gas-pressure is not able to overcome the
adhesion between the grease and the surface of the cup i.e. those parts of B that
dip in, so that the valve is perfectly tight towards the outside, even if, perhaps in
consequence of an injury it should happen that the inner surfaces between the
lower part and the cap should allow gas to leak through.
This cup with the lower edge of the cap B catching into it, serves at the same
time to centre the latter; but this can also naturally be effected by other means as
for example in the middle at the crossing-point of the tight-surfaces by a pivot and
socket.
As the surfaces of the valves slide on each other under pressure and the adhesion
of the grease has therefore to be overcome, the rotary motion of the cap will―
especially in large valves-require much force and be very troublesome. The
mechanism as shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 is intended to make this easier.
is
In the casing C attached to the traverses there is gearing arranged, which
requires from two to three entire revolutions of the hand-wheel to make the cap
turn through 90°. The nave of the hand-wheel m is provided in a downward
direction with an excentric continuation n, on which a small toothed-wheel
made to rotate by catching into the upper edge of the case C, which is formed
with a cogged rim 7. During this motion of the toothed-wheel p its centre
describes a circle about the vertical axis of the valve.
The rolling motion of the toothed-wheel p is converted into a slow rotary motion
of the cap B by the insertion of the carrier o-drawn in perspective in Fig. 8.
catching into corresponding grooves on the lower side of the toothed-wheel p with
two upper slide-pegs and with two lower pegs placed at right angles to them into
grooves on the upper side of the nave f, which is firmly wedged into the axis e of
the cap.
Of course the improvements as described above do not refer solely to a valve
with 4 chambers, but may also be suitably applied with the necessary modifications
to valves with fewer or more chambers.
t

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
Improvements in cut-off and purifying-valves, consisting in:
1. The arrangement of equally large and perfectly similar tight-surfaces, sliding
on each other, in the valve-body A and in the cap B which turns on A; and
covering each other exactly in every closing-position of the valves.
2. The forcing-in of consistent machine-grease between above-mentioned tight or
slide-surfaces in order to produce an absolutely tight closing of the same.
3. The arrangement of the cup filled with grease, at the outer edge of A
and B.
4. The mechanism in the casing C facilitating the slide-motion and consisting of
excentric hand-wheel nave n, the toothed-wheel p, the toothed-rim q, of the nave f
and the toothed-wheel p.
Dated this Twentieth day of December 1893.
For JAKOB GAREIS,
Bernhard Brockhues.