IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MANUFACTURING THE SAME.
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Thomas Sugg, of Vincent Street, in the City of
Westminster, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MANUFACTURING THE SAME.'
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Thomas Sugg at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1881.
WILLIAM THOMAS SUGG of Vincent Street in the City of Westminster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MANU-
FACTURING THE SAME."
"
The object of this Invention is so to construct flat flame, and fish tale burners, as
to ensure the economic consumption of the gas, and to prevent the roaring" of
such burners when the supply is at full pressure.
Suppose a flat flame burner is to be formed, I construct it of steatite, giving it
an external form somewhat resembling an elongated pear.
The entrance for the gas, which will be by a drilled hole, I make of the same
capacity as the discharge opening at the top of the burner which opening I form
by a saw cut, the axis of the cutter being maintained in the same plane as the axis
of the burner, but at right angles thereto.
This pear shaped burner I drill out to form therein an expansion chamber for
the gas by a peculiar arrangement of rose cutter, which entering the burner at
the bottom while the same is being rapidly rotated in a lathe, will travel upwards
making a central opening in the burner of the shape of a trumpet mouth. It will
then move in an arc towards the axis of the burner to complete the formation of
the crown; thus a chamber will be formed in the burner of such a shape as will
tend to counteract the rush of the incoming gas in the line of the axis of the
burner, and cause it to diffuse itself throughout the chamber before escaping by the
saw cut.
In like manner, I form the fish tail burner, modifying however the shape of the
chamber, inasmuch as the usual central pendent projection is retained, the drilled

page_text: holes for the escape of gas passing down diagonally to opposite sides of this coned
projection.
The rose cutter which I use for drilling out the chamber of the burner receives
a lateral motion as it is advanced into the burner by its stem moving over fences
suitably shaped to guide the cutter as it is fed forward by the hand of the
workman.
A tendency is given by a spring to hold the cutter stem against a fence over
which it advances to its work, and when it has entered to nearly its full depth,
a stud on the stem meets with a transverse feuce which combined with the action
of the spring as the attendant traverses the stud over the transverse fence, will
cause it to move in the line of an are the stem of the cutter being held by the
spring against a fixed stop which forms.a fulcrum for the cutter to rock upon.
When the crown of the chamber is formed, the spring will, so soon as the cutter
stem is released from the pressure of the workman's hand, throw the cutter into
a line with the axis of the burner: the tool can then be readily withdrawn
therefrom.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Thomas Sugg in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th June 1882.
WILLIAM THOMAS SUGG of Vincent Street in the City of Westminster Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MANU-
FACTURING THE SAME."
The object of this Invention is so to construct flat flame and fish-tail burners as
to ensure the economic consumption of the gas supplied thereto.
Suppose a flat flame burner is to be formed I construct it of steatito giving it
an external shape somewhat resembling an elongated pear. The entrance for tho
gas which will be by a drilled hole I make of the same capacity (as near as may
be) as the discharge opening at the top of the burner which opening I form by a
saw cut the axis of the cutter being maintained in the same plane as the axis of
the burner but at right angles thereto.
This pear shaped burner I drill out to form therein an expansion chamber for
the gas by a peculiar arrangement of cutter which entering the steatite block from
which the burner is to be formed while the same is being rapidly rotated in a
lathe will advance inwards making a central opening in the burner. It will then
move in an arc from the axis of the burner to complete the formation of the
chamber which from its lateral enlargement will tend to counteract the rush of the
incoming gas in the line of the axis of the burner and cause the gas to diffuse
itself throughout the chamber before escaping by the saw-cut.
In like manner I form the fish-tail burner, modifying however the shape of the
chamber, inasmuch as the usual central pendent projection is retained, the drilled
holes for the escape of gas passing down diagonally to opposite sides of this coned
projection.
In the accompanying Drawing Figures shew a flat flame burner constructed
according to my Invention it being represented in longitudinal section in plan
view and in inverted plan view.
The area of opening for the admission of gas to the burner and that for its
discharge therefrom correspond as near as may be, but the chamber intermediate of
these two openings is made of sufficient capacity to provide for the lateral
expansion of the ascending stream of gas, and thereby to reduce the force of the
ascending current. By this means I am enabled to ensure a more perfect com-
bustion of the gas and the tendency which the burner has to
"under high
pressure of gas is considerably reduced.
roar
Figures 2 shew a fish tail burner constructed on the same principle the enlarge-
ment within the burner serving to destroy the rush of the gas and ensure its delivery
in a manner that will tend materially to secure the silent action of the burner
while providing for an efficient combustion of the gas. This burner it will be
seen is formed with a flange at top like the flat flame burner which flange
prevents the disturbance of the flame near the point of ignition by the ascending
currents of air, but I make no claim under this Patent to this protecting
flange.
I will now explain the means by which I am enabled to produce these improved
burners in an economical manner.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of so much of a lathe with my improved tool holder
applied thereto as will serve to illustrate the manufacture of the gas burners, and
Fig. 4 is a side view of the same.
A is the top slide of a slide rest carrying a plate B upon which is mounted a
hand lever C fitted with a tool holder C¹.

page_text: This tool holder which is rounded, slides freely in a swivel piece D attached to
the plate B. This plate at a part over which the hand lever lies is recessed to
receive a removable slotted camn piece or fence E which serves to guide the move-
ments of the hand lever and consequently of the tool which it is intended to operate.
Projecting into the slot of the cam piece is a guide pin carried by the hand lever.
This slot is so shaped that it will serve to guide the tool forward in a direct line
and when it has advanced to its full extent will allow it to move in a short
are corresponding to the semi-diameter of the chamber desired to be formed in the
burner.
F is the head-stock of the lathe and G the chuck carried by the mandril H and
fitted with a block of steatite I which is intended to be converted into a flat flame
gas burner.
K is the cutter suitably shaped to drill out the chamber and simultaneously
turn down the lower half of the external surface of the burner. This tool is formed
with a squared stem to fit the socket of the holder, and yet allow of its facile
removal therefrom to adapt the apparatus for manufacturing flat-flame burners of
various sizes and also fish-tail burners.
The central part of the cutter acts as a drill advancing into the block I in the
line of its axis of motion, and thereby drilling a central hole of a diameter suited
for passing a given quantity of gas per hour.
The part of the cutter serves to turn down the lower portion of the burner
to its required external diameter and it is made with an inwardly projecting
_cutting edge so that when the cutter is tipped as will be presently explained this
projecting edge will indent the burner and thereby form an external-shoulder-
thereon.
The diagram Figures 5 shew a square block of steatite such as that set in the
chuck at I Fig. 3, and intended to be converted in a flat flame burner.
Figures 6 shew this block operated upon by the advance of the tool K in the
line of the axis of its rotation, the tool being represented in place.
Figures 7 shew the further advance in the formation of the burner the chamber
and the lower are of the burner having been brought to shape by the tipping of
the cutter out of line with the axis of rotation of the block the tool being still in
place in the burner.
By referring to Fig. 3 it will be seen that as the cutter is advanced into the
block the guide pin of the hand lever will be in that portion of the slot of the cam
piece E which is parallel with the axis of rotation of the steatite block. When
however the pin has advanced to the end of this slot, and the full depth of hole has
been drilled in the block I the attendant shifts over the hand lever to the dotted
position of Fig. 3 and thereby carries the shaping of the burner up to the point
illustrated by Figures 7.
The burner thus partially formed is now ready to be completed in the usual
way. This may be done by inserting its finished end in the chuck of a lathe, and
applying thereto a cutter such as that shewn in diagram Fig. 8 which being
advanced by a holder such as that shewn in Fig. 3 while the burner is rotated will
complete the shaping of the same. The saw cut is then to be made of the requisite
area as already explained by means of a fine rotary saw.
For drilling out fish-tail burners I employ the form of cutter shewn at Fig. 9.
As a modification of the means above described for drilling out my improved
burners I may advance the cutting tool by means of the top slide which carries the
plate B and give only a rocking motion to the hand lever. This arrangement is
shewn in plan view at Fig. 10 in which the same letters of reference are used as in
Figures 3 and 4 for like parts.
In this instance the removable cam piece or fence E is formed with a slot which
serves as a guide only for rocking the hand lever. This lever is held in position for
drilling the centre of the burner by means of a coiled spring which bolds the lever
against the end of the slot.
As the plate B on which the hand lever is mounted is advanced to keep the tool

page_text: to its work, no sliding endway motion of the hand lever is required. The advance
of the plate B is effected by attaching a link L to the top slide A, and connecting
this link to one end of a hand lever M which has its fulcrum on the slide A* which
carries the top slide A.
When the tool has been advanced to its full extent which will be determined by
the upper slide A striking against an adjustable stop a on the slide A a lateral
motion is imparted to the tool by the hand lever C which is rocked until its stop
pin is brought up by the end of the slot in the cam piece E, the length of which
slot gauges as in the first described arrangement the amount of rocking motion to
be imparted to the rock lever.
When drilling out fish-tail burners no lateral movement of the tool will be
needed, but in this case the tool holder must be set at an incline at starting so as
to ensure the formation of the chamber for the expansion of the gas prior to its
escaping through the inclined holes leading to the cup of the burner, the total area
of which holes will correspond as near as may be to the area of the opening which
admits the gas to the burner.
"
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in Gas
Burners and in Apparatus to be Used in Manufacturing the same and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood
that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim.
First Constructing gas burners in the manner and for the purpose above set
forth.
Secondly The arrangements of apparatus above described for providing for and
controlling the lateral action of the boring tools or cutters used in the manufacture
of my improved burners.
In witness whereof I the said William Thomas Sugg have hereunto set my
hand and seal the Twenty fourth day of June in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
WILLIAM T. SUGO.
(L.S.)