Improvements in Roughening or Raising the Outer Surfaces of Tubes Made of Paper, or other Material, upon which Yarn or Thread is Spun or Doubled, or Wound, after being Spun or Doubled.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 4th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 13th Apr., 1895.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roughening or Raising the Outer Surfaces of
Tubes Made of Paper, or other Material, upon which Yarn or
Thread is Spun or Doubled, or Wound, after being Spun or
Doubled.
I, SAMUEL O'NEILL, of the Firm of Samuel O'Neill and Sons, of Linden Mill,
Castleton, in the County of Lancaster, Paper Tube and Machine Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
My invention relates to roughening or raising the outer surfaces of tubes made
of paper or other material upon which yarn or thread is spun or doubled or wound
after being spun or doubled.
My invention consists in methods of roughening or raising the outer surfaces of
conical tubes made of paper or other material upon which yarn or thread is to be
spun or doubled or wound after being spin or doubled which enable yarn or thread
wound upon such tubes to be securely held thereon so that it will not easily slip
off such tubes when being handled, packed or unwound.
According to one part of my invention I indent or punch indentations or holes
in the inner surfaces of tubes formed of paper or other material and so cause
projections either with or without perforations to be formed upon the outer
surfaces of such tubes. The instruments by means of which indentations or holes
may be formed in accordance with this part of my invention may be either blunt
or sharp or both sharp and blunt instruments may be employed in combination.
According to another part of my invention I cause the outer surfaces of tubes
formed of paper or other material to be subjected to the action of pins or spikes
mounted in or upon parts capable of revolving and pressed against the surfaces of
the tubes in any suitable manner so that by the tubes or parts in or upon which
the pins or spikes are mounted or both the tubes and the said parts, in or upon
which the pins or spikes are mounted, being caused to revolve, the said pins or
spikes will be caused to operate upon the outer surfaces of such tubes and form
holes or indentations therein and in being withdrawn from the said surfaces cause
portions of such surfaces to be raised so that the said surfaces will be roughened.
The holes or indentations formed in tubes according to this part of my invention
may be made to extend entirely or only partially through the tubes, operated upon
and the pins or spikes employed to operate upon tubes in accordance with this part
of my invention may be either sharp or blunt or both sharp and blunt pins or
spikes may be employed in combination. In one method of carrying this part of
my invention into effect I place each tube to be operated upon, on a mandrel
which is made to revolve and provide a roller formed either in one piece or in
sections capable of revolving independently of one another and provide upon the
whole or any desired portion or portions of the surface of such roller or of the
sections of which such roller is formed pins or spikes and provide means to enable
the said roller or sections to be pressed against and revolved by the said tube so
that the pins or spikes upon the said roller or sections may operate upon the outer
surface of the said tube and roughen it. In some cases two or more rollers each
formed in one piece or in sections and provided with pins or spikes may be
employed.
In a modification of this method of carrying this part of my invention into effect
I cause the tubes of paner or other material to he stationary when being subjected

page_text: to the action of the pins or spikes and cause the parts in or upon which the said
pins or spikes are mounted to travel around the tubes to be operated upon.
In a further modification of this method of carrying this part of my invention
into effect I cause the tubes of paper or other material which are to be operated
upon to revolve and also cause the parts in or upon which the pins or spikes are
mounted to revolve around the axes of the tubes being operated upon.
According to another. part of my invention I employ combs or carding devices
such for instance as card cloth, and cause them to operate upon the outer surfaces
of tubes of paper or other material so as to raise or roughen them. The tubes to
be operated upon according to this part of my invention may be caused to revolve
or may be stationary when being operated upon by the said combs or carding
_devices.
Dated this Second day of June 1894.
זי
HOWARD CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roughening or Raising the Outer Surfaces of
..
Tubes Made of Paper, or other Material, upon which Yarn or
Thread is Spun or Doubled, or Wound, after being Spun or
Doubled.
I, SAMUEL O'NEILL, of the Firm of Samuel O'Neill and Sons, of Linden Mill,
Castleton, in the County of Lancaster Paper Tube and Machine Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to rougheuing or raising the outer surfaces of tubes made
of paper or other, material upon which yarn or thread is spun or doubled or wound
after being spun or doubled.
My invention consists in methods of roughening or raising the outer surfaces of
conical tubes made of paper or other material upon which yarn or thread is to be
spun or doubled or wound after being spun or doubled which enable yarn or thread
wound upon such tubes to be securely held thereon so that it will not easily slip
off such tubes when being handled, packed or unwound.
According to one part of my invention I indent or punch indentations or holes
in the inner surfaces of tubes formed of paper or other material and so cause
projections either with or without perforations to be formed upon the outer
surfaces of such tubes. The instruments by means of which indentations or holes
may be formed in accordance with this part of my invention may be either blunt
or sharp or both sharp and blunt instruments may be employed in combination.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates a paper tube with its outer
surface roughened or raised in accordance with this part of my invention by
its inner surface being indented or punched with indentations or holes so that
projections are formed upon the outer, surface of such tube. The conical tube
illustrated in Fig.. 1 is formed with six rows of projections (a) in two groups
each of three rows placed at opposite sides of such tube, though only four of
such rows are shown in Fig. 1, but any other number of rows of projections
or any other arrangement of projections which may be considered desirable may
be formed upon the outer surfaces of conical tubes in accordance with this part.
of my invention.. The indentations or holes to be indented or punched in the
inner surfaces of conical tubes in accordance with this part of my invention may
be formed in a great variety of ways, and by a great variety of means, but

page_text: Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings illustrate one form of means.
which may conveniently be employed in carrying, this part of my invention
into effect. Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate a.mandrel or tool (b) in which. are secured
spikes or teeth (6) of suitable form arranged in such mandrel or tool (b) in
accordance with the manner in which it is desired that the projections (a) to be.
formed upon the outer surfaces of the conical tubes shall be arranged. Fig. 2
is a side elevation and Fig. 3 an end view of the said mandrel or tool and. Fig. 4
is an end elevation and Fig. 5 a longitudinal section taken on the plane indicated
by the line (A) (A) of Fig. 4 illustrating a pair of blocks (c) (d) to be used in.
conjunction with the mandrel or tool (6) illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. The mandrel
or tool (6) illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 and the blocks (c) (d) illustrated in Figs: 4
and 5 are adapted for use in the formation upon the outer surfaces of conical tubes
of projections similar to those upon the conicali tube illustrated in Fig. 1. The
mandrel or tool (6) which is provided with a handle () is formed with a part (63)
adapted to be placed in a notchi (c) formed in the block (c) so that the placing of
such mandrel or tool. (b) in proper position in the block (c) may be ensured and
the block (c) is provided with pins (c) adapted to enter into corresponding, holes (d³)
formed in the block (d) so that the placing of the block (d) in proper position
upon the block (c) may be ensured. The mandrel or tool (6) is made of such
shape that the conical tubes to be operated upon may be readily placed upon
such mandrel or tool (6) and the blocks (c), (d) are respectively, provided with
recesses (c) (d) so formed that if the mandrel or tool (b) and a conical tube
placed thereon be placed in the block (c) aud the block (d) be placed in position
upon the block (c) the block (d) will rest upon the said conical tube so that if the
said block (d) be struck with a mallet the spikes or pins (6) of the mandrel or
tool (will be caused to indent' or punch indentations in the inner surface of the
conical tube upon such mandrel: or tool: (b) and form projections upon the outer
surface of such conical tube. If the blocks (c) (d). beiformed of wood the spikes
or pins (b) of the mandrel or tool (6) may be allowed to form holes for themselves
in such blocks. (c). (d) or in. such cases as. is necessary; in cases in which the
blocks (c) (d) are formed of metal, holes or grooves' (c)(d) may be formed. in
such blocks (c) (d) respectively, in order to receive the said pins or spikes (b!)
or the parts of such blocks (c) (d) which are brought into contact with such pins
or spikes (6) may be covered or lined. with indiarubber or other elastic material
which such pins or spikes (61) may enter without being: injured. When a conical
tube placed upon the mandrel or tool (6) has been forined with projections by the
mandrel or tool (6) with the said conical tube thereon-being placed in the blook. (c).
and the block (d) being placed upon the block (c) and struck with a mallet the
block (d) may be removed, from the block (c) and the said conical. tube may, be
removed from the mandrel- or tool (b) and- another conical tube may be operated
upon in a like manner. The slight distortion to which conical tubes are subjected
while being operated upon in the manner above described in no way interferes
with the use of such tubes for the purpose of having yarn: or thread spun or
doubled on to them or yarn or thread wound on to them after being spun or
doubled:.
According to another part of my inventions cause the outer surfaces of tubes
formed of paper or other material to be subjected to the action of pins or spikes
mounted: in or upon parts capable of revolving and pressed against the surfaces of
the tubes in any suitable manner so that by the tubes and the said parts in or upon
which the pins or spikes are mounted, being caused to revolve the said pinsi or
spikes will be caused to operate upon the outer surfaces of such tubes and form
holes or indentations therein and in being withdrawn from the said surfaces cause
portions of such surfaces to be raised so that the said surfaces will be roughened.
The holes or indentations formed' in tubes according to this part of my invention
may be made to extend entirely or only partially through the tubes operated' upon
and the pins or spikes employed to operate upon tubes in accordance with this part
of my invention may be either sharp or blunt or both sharp and blunt pins or
:

page_text: spikes may be employed in combination. In one method of carrying this part of
my invention into effect, 1 place each tube to be operated upon, on a mandrel
which is made to revolve and provide a roller formed either in one piece or in
sections capable of revolving independently of one another and provide upon the
whole or any desired portion or portions of the surface of such roller or of the
sections of which such roller is formed pins or spikes and provide means to enable
the said roller or sections to be pressed against and revolved by the said tube so
that the pins or spikes upon the said roller or sections may operate upon the outer
surface of the said tube and roughen it. In some cases two or more rollers each
formed in one piece or in sections and provided with pins or spikes may be
=employed.
:
-In Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings is illustrated a conical tube with its
outer surface raised or roughened in accordance with this part of my invention.
The conical tubes operated upon in accordance with this part of my invention may
have their outer surfaces raised or roughened throughout or in any part or parts
as may be considered desirable. As indicated above, this part of my invention
may be carried into effect in a variety of ways but may conveniently be
accomplished by the conical tubes to be operated upon being placed one at a time
upon a mandrel or spindle like that of a lathe and subjected to the action of a
roller or rollers furnished with pins or spikes and mounted so as to be capable of
being revolved in a holder which may be, like that illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8
which illustrate in plán and side elevation respectively, a holder (e) provided with
two rollers (f) (f) mounted upon an axle (f¹) secured in such holder (e), be
adapted to be held in the hand of the operator and be placed in contact with a rest
like those used in hand turning or may be mounted in a holder mounted in a rest
like the slide rest of a turning lathe. Instead of being furnished with pins or
spikes like those illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 the rollers (f) employed in carrying
this part of my invention into effect may be provided with pins or spikes by being
furnished with card clothing of a sharpness and strength adapted to the nature of
the conical tubes to be operated upon, but I prefer to employ pins or spikes like
those illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8.
According to another part of my invention I employ combs or carding devices
such for instance as card cloth of a strength and sharpness adapted to the nature
of the conical tubes to be operated upon and cause them to operate upon the outer
surfaces of tubes of paper or other material so as to raise or roughen them. The
tubes to be operated upon according to this part of my invention may be caused
to revolve or may be stationary when being operated upon by the said combs or
carding devices, and the carding material or devices may be held in any suitable
way or nailed or otherwise secured upon any suitable support and pressed against
or caused to operate upon the conical tubes in any suitable manner by hand or
otherwise.
•
In the attempts hitherto made to roughen conical tubes made of paper or other
material and used to receive yarn or thread being spun or doubled or to have yarn or
thread wound upon them such conical tubes have been subjected to pressure and
to cutting operations whereby holes or nicks or indentations have been formed in
the outer surfaces of such conical tubes but hitherto the roughening of such
conical tubes has never been effected by operations which result in a raising or
lifting up of the outer surfaces or parts of the outer surfaces of the conical tubes
operated upon such as that which is produced by the employment of my invention
which is very advantageous in enabling yarn or thread to be securely wound upon
conical tubes so that it will not easily slip off such tubes when being handled,
packed or unwound.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The hereinbefore described method of roughening or raising the outer

page_text: surfaces of conical tubes made of paper or other material and used to receive yarn
or thread being spun or doubled or to have yarn or thread wound upon them after
being spun or doubled which consists in indenting or punching holes in the inner
surfaces of such conical tubes so as to cause projections either with or without
perforations to be formed upon the outer surfaces of such conical tubes for the
purposes and substantially in the manner herein before described.
2. The hereinbefore described method of roughening or raising the outer
surfaces of conical tubes made of paper or other material and used to receive
yarn or thread being spun or doubled or to have yarn or thread wound upon them
after being spun or doubled which consists in subjecting the outer surfaces of such
conical tubes to the action of pins or spikes or card clothing mounted in or upon
parts capable of being revolved and caused to act upon the outer surfaces of the
said conical tubes for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described.
3. The herein before described method of roughening or raising the outer
surfaces of conical tubes made of paper or other material and used to receive
yarn or thread being spun or doubled or to have yarn or thread wound upon them
after being spun or doubled which consists in subjecting the outer surfaces of such
conical tubes to the action of carding or raising devices for the purposes and
substantially in the manner herein before described.
4. A conical tube made of paper or other material with its outer surface
roughened by raising for the purposes and substantially in the manner herein-
before described.
Lin Sanand dor of Morch 1803
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.