Machine for the Manufacture of Screws, Knobs, Washers, and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Machine for the Manufacture of Screws, Knobs, Washers, and
the like.
I, GOTTFRIED WÜST-GUYER, of Unterstrass, Zürich, Switzerland, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of machines for turning in which the object
to be operated upon is held in a rotating hollow shaft and the gripping arrangement
of which permits of a successive feeding of the object which is operated upon by
tools arranged in a lateral position thereto.
My machine possesses specially adapted gripping and feeding arrangements, for
the objects to be operated upon and in particular a peculiar arrangement of the tools
brought into operation revolver like.
The machine works in such a manner that the feeding of the object under
operation takes place from time to time approximately to the length of the piece
operated upon and cut off. The most essential tool, by each respective operation,
brought laterally against the object to be operated upon, is a tool commonly termed
revolver tool, which automatically performs the different movements and the tool
head of which permits of using the simplest form of tools for a great variety of
purposes.
The machine facilitates the manufacture of screws, fancy turned objects; such as
acorn shaped knobs, bolts, shot exploders, washers and the like articles.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto three sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1, Sheet I, is partly a side view and partly a vertical section of the
machine.
Fig. 2, a plan, Fig. 3, a front view and Fig. 4, a back view of the machine.
Fig. 5, Sheet II, a cross section on line A-B of Fig. 1, Sheet I.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the screw cutting spindle of the fixed tool
slide on a larger scale than Figs. I to 5.
Fig. 7 is a plan thereof showing the revolver tool in section.
Fig. 8 is a side view of the tool divisions, the revolver tool being partly in vertical
section.
Fig. 9, Sheet I, is a front view of the tool slides showing specially the holders
set opposite the revolver tools.
Fig. 10, Sheet III, is a back view of the tool slides on line C-D, Fig. 2,
Sheet I.
Figs. 1 to 19 are details of the revolver tool slides.
Figs. 20 to 25 are views of the two principal kinds of revolver tools.
Fig. 26 is a section through the spindle which holds the object under operation,
on a larger scale than Fig. 11.
Figs. 27 & 28 are, respectively, a side view and front view of the fixing bush in
connection with the gripping arrangement.
Fig. 29 is a section through the screw dies.
Figs. 30 & 31 are, respectively a front view and a plan of the screw dies.
On the main spindle of the hollow shaft a are positioned two loosely revolving
speed pulleys a & a², shown bushed in Fig. 1, which are driven from a common
counter shaft. The larger a' of the two pulleys a' & a' serve for screw cutting
and the smaller one a³, which runs in an opposite direction, for the turning operation
D

page_text: and to disengage the screw die. The friction coupling or clutch a is keyed on the
spindle a and causes, when moved into the pulley a', a slow forward movement and
on the automatic reversing, through the coupling or clutch lever and the moving
of the coupling & into the pulley a², a quick return movement of the screw cutting
tools u.
On the spindle a is also fixed the worm, which by means of the worm
wheel (connected with the shaft through clutch 64) bevel wheels, shaft,
worm gearing & c², eccentric shaft d having adjustable eccentrics d', d², d³, d',
1, d³,
and shafte having an eccentric e¹, sets in motion the whole of the feeding and.
reversing mechanism.
By disengaging the clutch 4, by means of its lever 60, the feed and reversing
motions, and through disengaging the clutch a by means of its lever those of
the whole machine can be stopped instantly by hand.
The hollow spindle a is mounted and arranged to rotate in the head stock and
longitudinally kept in position, by means of the collar in front and nut a' at the
back thereof, see Fig. 26. In this spindle a is arranged to rotate and to be slightly
slid longitudinally, the bush a', which has in front grip jaws or a cone chuck a. In
the recess or enlarged portion of the bore of the spindle a is placed over the
bush a', a strong spring a³, one end of which bears against the end of the said
bore and the other end pressing against the sleeve of the knee lever
mechanism.
The fixing of the cast or drawn object or rod to be operated upon, takes place
by means of the spring a³ which owing to its pressure on a forces the cone
chuck as, which consists of three jaws, constantly against the coned seat in the
spindle a.
The jaws of the cone chuck a' are connected to the tube at, which carries at its
back end the fixed collar a'.
which
In an enlargement of the bore of the spindle a, is placed the spring a³,
with one end bears against a fixed point or support and with the other end presses
on the sleeve a, which is connected to the sleeve a° by means of two knee joints ³,
which sleeve a bears against the fixed collar a'. On the sleeve a is placed the
conical shell & ²; the knee joints rest in inclined recesses formed in the said
shell, in such a manner, that the pressure of the inclined recesses onto the joint ³
effects a compression of the knee, which thus causes a displacement of the sleeve a
by the sleeve a. In this position the spring a' is compressed and the jaws of the
cone chuck a rests fast in their coned seat.
A lever h, which always bears against the face of the shell ¹ causes the
displacement of the same, the whole of the organs a, aº, h³, a, a, a, rotating
therewith.
In small machines the tensioning and releasing of the spring may be effected;
for instance, by causing the lever to act direct onto the sleeve a, in lieu of being
provided with the lever or a power transmitting mechanism as described.
The part of the object or rod to be turned is guided in a gas pipe which is
split on its upper side the whole of its length, which serves to guide the feeding
rod 16. To hold the object to be operated upon firmly, the eccentric d', by means
of the lever h, presses onto the face 2 of the conical shell ', which forces the knee
levers in the direction of the tube at and the sleeve a³ against the spring a³, thus
compressing the latter and exerting a strong pressure on the fixed collar a'. For
the purpose of feeding the object to be operated upon, the return of h¹ & as is
permitted through the lever ; the compression of the spring a being reduced the
grip of the chuck a is also accordingly diminished. The object to be operated
upon, thus liberated, is pushed forward the required length by means of the
eccentric d², the lever i, the rod, levers i³, ratchet wheel and rope pulley ³ and
feeding rod connected with the wire rope. By adjusting the rod in the longi-
tudinal slots of the levers i & the feed of the object to be operated upon can be
regulated. The reversing of the coupling as is effected from the shaft d by means
of the eccentric d' & d, the latter acting alternately on the sliding rod f, which is

page_text: connected with the lever and the latter with the lever fx which levers are
retained in their final position by means of the spring bolts f³.
The eccentric d³, the sliding rods g, the spring 9 and the levers g³ & g** serve for
the forward and backwards movement of screw cutting spindle g³, arranged in the
fixed tool slide ko which by means of a key is guided and rendered movable only
longitudinally. The screw cutting bush u, Fig. 6, is made to turn in the hollow
spindle and to be drawn back to its original position each time after having
performed its work, by means of the light spring 9. The rotary bush u has a
coupling nose u¹ bearing against another nose formed on the hollow spindle g³ in
such a manner, that for a certain distance the bush u is prevented from turning in
the hollow spindle g³.
On the hollow spindle g³ is placed the lever collar 9º, with lock nut, the face u³
of which is opposite a regulating screw u².
The rod g is formed in two parts, which are kept apart by means of a strong
spring gl placed between the rods g, but which parts can be pressed towards each
other. This kind of connection has for its purpose to facilitate an elastic grip of
the jaws of the screw cutting die.
On the rod g being pushed forward the spring g' closes until the screw die of
the bush u, has gripped the object under operation. As soon as this has taken
place, according to the pitch of the thread, the bush u as well as the hollow
spindle in consequence of the action of the spring 9 advances, until u³ comes
into contact with . From this moment the bush u moves forward by itself
until the noses u slip off each other and thus liberate (in a rotary sense) the
bush and spindle o In the meantime the reversing of the speed pullies a¹
&a and thereby the rotation of the object under operation in an opposite
direction takes place.
7
The bush would now simply rotate with the object just operated upon without being
longitudinally displaced, if no provisions were made to bring it back from the same.
This arrangement consists of a lever carried by a stud u which can escape
upwards and is retained in its lowest or horizontal position through the stop u'.
On the screw die head of the bush u is formed an eccentric projection with an
inclined and a straight surface u in such a manner that the inclined surface on the
rotation of the bush, during screw cutting, comes in contact with and raises the
lever and the straight surface however, after the reversing, comes into contact
with the side of the lever and is thereby held in position. This causes the
rotation of the bush and the object cut to be interrupted and thus move only
longitudinally, in accordance with the pitch of the thread, as is the case when screw
cutting, but backwards until the noses are pushed in contact with each other
and the surface u³ has finally returned from the regulating screw u² to its starting
point.
By means of the screw u² the starting moment of the cutting die and the length
of the thread can be easily regulated; the moment, at which ' slips off, of course,
conditions the stopping of the screw cutting, even without the reversing between a¹
& a having previously taken place.
The screw dichas its starting point made
to be operated upon, by means of the screw
the forked part of the movable die portion w.
radially adjustable to the object
which is held by and guided in
On the movable tool slide k which is positioned cross wise to, and a little on
one side of the main spindle a, is employed on a conical stud the revolver
tool head r. In the back face of the revolver r, are six holes r³, Fig. 7, into
which the spring bolt o enters successively and six teeth internally milled out,
into which the spring bolt successively enter, Figs. 7 & 8, and which serve
to effect the partial rotation of the revolver r. In the front face of the latter
are formed six conical slots, Fig. 10, into which is pressed according to the
rotation of the spindle the cross piece 1, Figs. 14 to 16, formed with conical
projections and quick thread. To the head is fitted a plate which is

page_text: screwed fast to the conical stud 1, Fig. 8. The cross piece is guided on its
stud as well as in the longitudinal slot of the plate and can therefore in
itself not assume a rotary motion.
The lever mis fixed on the spindle 1. The inclined nose which is securely
connected to the spindle / facilitates the return of the spring bolt o on the return of
the lever m in its middle position m', Fig. 11, by means of the lever n movable on
the stud n¹. In the lever position m¹, as shown in Fig. 7, the spring bolt o and the
cross piece are disengaged. The spring bolt has now advanced to the next
tooth and the revolver is thus turned of a revolution into lever position m³.
The revolver head with six fixing surfaces serve for the reception of shaping
tools of the usual form and milling tools, etc. In each of the said surfaces, slots
are milled, in which tool holders capable of being regulated can be screwed fast.
As shown in Figs. 20 to 22 the tool is secured in the holder p by means of screws p².
The tool holder p can be drawn back or pushed forward in the tool holder box
by means of the nut when the screw is withdrawn and thus the whole displaced
in the longitudinal slots of the revolver disc. If an object has to receive a
particular exact and good finish, the object to be shaped is first roughed out by
small tools, of which one or two are secured on one of the surfaces of the revolver
disc and afterwards finished, as shown in Fig. 25, by means of a broader tool.
For the broader tools the holder, shown in Figs. 23 to 25, is preferably used;
the regulating arrangement for the same differs a little from those for small tools.
In the tool holder box 9 is mounted a regulating screw p³, which has a shoulder p
engaging a groove in the tool holder, in such a manner that on screwing in the
regulating screw the tool holder moves with it and thus can be brought in operation.
The set screw serves to lock the regulating screw p³ after having once been set.
In Fig. 10 are shown on the revolver head r various tools for instance such as
small or broad shaping tools, and a milling tool.
Into the prism of the revolver slide, the steel plate is inserted; in the same
are the two displaced slots & s³, Figs. 3, 17 & 18, milled out, engaging the
nosess & formed at the lower end of the lever m, one of which effects the fro
and the other the to motion of the lever, as soon as the slide has been pushed
forward. The revolver slide receives its motion towards the object under
operation from an eccentric e', Figs. 2 & 3, and at the end of the travel required,
is slid back by the eccentric nose e coming into contact with the hook e fixed on
the slide k and through the spring et in compression, Fig. 9, which presses the
slide constantly against the eccentric. The advance and return movement of the
slide effects at the same time also the instalation of a fresh tool by the revolver
tool head r, namely by throwing back the lever m provided with noses s & s'.
The slide spindle serves for the adjustment and setting of the slide k to the
object under operation.
The nut 4, arranged to be put out and in gear, serves to disconnect or connect
the slide k with the screw spindle *. This takes place by means of the lever k³
and a suitable eccentric, which raises the nut 4 out of and lowers it into the
thread.
To prevent the bending of the object under operation, the following provisions
are made-Opposite to the slide which moves by each change of tools
(revolution of that of the revolver head) is set on the same slide prism, the
relative fixed slide 4º.
On the study (Figs. 6 to 10) of the fixed slide is arranged to turn the double
lever y, y³, the lower arm y² of which enters a cam recess, terminating below and
above in nose surfaces; the upper arm y³ carries the counter holder block. The
cam recess y* is of such a form so as to cause the holder to move towards the centre
of the object in accordance with the amount of forward movement of the turning
tool.
On the return of the slide k, this lower cam recess nose surface, raises the lever y³,
until the counter holder y³ falls back which, on the forward movement of the slide k,

page_text: by reason of the action of the upper cam recess nose surface on the lever y³, raises
the lever again and brings the counter holder simultaneously with the tool
against the object under operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1st. A tool with polygonal revolver head, the sides of which serve for the
reception of turning and other tools with adjustable tool holder, substantially as set
forth.
2nd. A tool with polygonal revolver head, the sides of which are slotted for the
reception of the tools and the bore of which is provided with ratchet divisions,
corresponding with the number of the revolver head sides, substantially as set
forth.
3rd. In a polygonal revolver head, the sides of which are furnished with tools;
the spring bolt-lever fixed on the central spindle, the spring bolt of which acts on
an internal ratchet wheel of the revolver head, thus feeding the latter internally,
substantially as set forth.
4th. In a polygonal revolver head, the sides of which are furnished with tools :
the spring bolt o, the points of which enter a recess milled into the back rotary
face of the revolver head, which, (for instance as shown, by the aid of a lever u)
by means of an inclined surface or nose fixed on the central spindle of the
revolver head, is drawn back and then released at a convenient moment, substantially
as set forth.
5th. In a polygonal revolver head, the sides of which are furnished with tools ;
the plate connected to the fixed stud (of the slide k) which is positioned
concentrically in the revolver head and in which the cross piece is guided in
such a manner, that after the entrance of the spring bolt o and on the con-
tinued rotation of the central spindle screwed into the cross piece, the latter
by reason of the pressure exerted by its conical noses on the revolver, presses
the latter on its conical stud thereby retaining it in position, substantially as
set forth.
6th. A slide k having a fixed conical stud 1 which latter carries a polygonal
revolver head T, with eccentric e', which presses the slide, against the action
of the spring e, forward and thereby the tools of the revolver head against
the object under operation; and with an eccentric stud e³, which withdraws the
slide with the revolver tools from the object under operation, substantially as
set forth.
7th. A movable slide k having a fixed conical stud 1, which latter carries a
polygonal revolver head r, central spindle l, on which is screwed the cross piece P,
lever m, with noses & & &', which enter the recesses & 3 of the fixed prism for
the purpose of changing the revolver tools, substantially as set forth.
8th. A movable slide k furnished with the cam recess y having a fixed conical
stud with polygonal revolver head r, in combination with a fixed set slide 4º,
which carries on a study a double lever y' & y, the army of which carries a
counter holder block, which presses against the object under operation exactly
according to the advance of the revolver tool slide, through the motion of the lever
army in the cam recess y', substantially as set forth.
9th. The tool holder p, made adjustable, by means of nuts p', in the tool box q,
which is made adjustable parallel to the axis of the object under operation, in slots
of the polygonal tool head, substantially as set forth.
10th. The tool holder p in the tool box q, which in the slots of the polygonal
tool head is made adjustable parallel to the object under operation, with a screw p
mounted in the tool box y, the collar of which screw runs in a groove of the tool
holder and which serves for the adjustment of the tool holders, substantially as set
forth.

page_text: 11th. In a screw cutting arrangement of an automatic machine for the manu-
facture of screws, knobs and the like; the horizontally positioned upwards moving
lever arm mounted on the stud u for the purpose of preventing the rotation of
the bush with the object under operation on its rotary movement being reversed,
substantially as set forth.
12th. In a screw cutting arrangement of an automatic machine for the manu-
facture of screws, knobs and the like; the lever arm in combination with a screw
cutting bush ท , which is furnished with a coupling nose u¹ which comes in and
out of gear with the hollow spindle g³, substantially as set forth.
13th. In an automatic machine for the manufacture of screws, knobs, and the
like the screw cutting die c, which is made adjustable in the head of the bush u
by means of the screw » mounted therein, substantially as set forth.
:
14th. In an automatic machine for the manufacture of screws, knobs, and the like
from rods; the rotating spindle a with cone chuck a, tube a' and spring a³ which
presses against a sleeve as which is fed and moved from an eccentric d' by means of
a lever h, substantially as set forth.
15th. In an automatic machine for the manufacture of screws, knobs and the like;
the rotating spindle a with cone chuck a, tube a* and spring a³, movable sleeve us,
knee joint, fixed sleeve a° with or without collar a and with a conical shell ', 2,
pressing against the surface of the lever h, substantially as set forth.
16th. In an automatic machine for the manufacture of screws, knobs and the like;
the mechanism for the feeding of the object to be operated upon, placed inside the
slotted gas pipe, consisting of a lever i acted upon by an eccentric, the rod ²,
lever, feeding arrangement and rope with guide piece, which pushes the object
under operation in front of it, substantially as set forth.
17th. An automatic machine for the manufacture of screws, knobs, and the like,
consisting essentially of the rotary spindle a with speed pulley a¹ & a², coupling a
and worm b, worm wheel b¹; gearing 63, shaft c, worm wheel gearing c¹, shaft e with
eccentric organ e', e², for the purpose of driving the revolver slide k; worm wheel
gearing for the shaft d of the eccentrics d to ds for the compression of the
spring as, for the purpose of feeding the object under operation for reversing the
speed pulleys and for the reversing motion of the screw cutting bush, substantially
as set forth.
Dated this 15th of Lanu1001
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.