IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR MODERATING OR REGULATING THE FEEDING OF THE PULP IN PAPER MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Tessier, of No. 181, Rue du Faubourg
St. Martin, Paris, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR MODERATING OR REGULATING THE
FEEDING OF THE PULP IN PAPER MACHINES."-A communication by
Jean Baptiste de Mulder, residing at Nivelles, in the Kingdom of
Belgium.
Sealed the 25th February 1868, and dated the 3rd September 1867. .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Tessier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on the 3rd
September 1867.
I, CHARLES TESSIER, of No. 181, Rue du Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, in
the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR MODERATING OR REGULATING THE FEEDING
OF THE PULP IN PAPER MACHINES," a communication to me by Jean Baptiste
de Mulder, a person resident at Nivelles, in the Kingdom of Belgium, to be
as follows:-
To obtain paper of a regular weight there are two conditions to be fulfilled,
namely, an always, equal density of the pulp, and the regularity of its flow
into a special vat termed the reunion vat...
My system consists in providing the float of the intermediate trough with
a regulator of the movement of the taps, valves, or floats that govern the
flow from the vats, so that this trough contains material or pulp always

page_text: at the same level, and consequently transmits an equal quantity of pulp to the
reunion vat, which is a distinct apparatus fulfilling all the conditions requisite
for making paper of a given weight, because by the combination of the floats
the material is maintained at a constant level, and by the aid of the meter
it always transmits the same quantity of pulp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Tessier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
TESSIER, of No. 181, Rue du Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, in the Empire of
France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Tessier, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Tessier,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Tessier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS
FOR MODERATING OR REGULATING THE FEEDING OF THE PULP IN PAPER MACHINES," a
communication to me by Jean Baptiste de Mulder, a person resident at Nivelles,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Charles Tessier, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Tessier, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
A most important desideratum in the manufacture of paper is to obtain

page_text: sheets of a regular thickness and weight. In order to attain this result the
pulp must constantly conform to two requirements; its density or thickness
must be regularly the same throughout the work as must also be its outflow
into a special vat called the receiving or reunion vat. There are commonly in
paper mills two or three vats of equal height with ordinary stirring pieces, such
vats are at one time almost full and at another almost empty, which causes a
constant variation in the density and weight of the material to be produced.
A single floating piece exerts an action on the fluid material and is submitted
to all the variations of the several vats; now the said float cannot overcome
the difficulties caused by the irregularity of density in the several. vats,
because instead of governing the vats it is submitted to the action of the latter,
and this action is exerted in proportion to the height or rise of the material in
the vats, the result being that a single float placed in such conditions is an
utterly useless agent..
My Invention, which is represented on the annexed Sheet of Drawing, is
very different from what has been used until now.
Fig. 1 is a plan. and Fig. 2 a vertical section, through the line A, B, to
the scale of G are united vats provided with agitators or stirring pieces.
The vats G are in communication by the pipe a, and each one is provided with
two hatches, water gates, or valves, "vannes," b, which suffer the pulp to
run through the pipes c into the chamber H (Fig. 4 shews a hatch or water
gate of the connected vats G drawn size). They are united by a regulator as
shewn, Fig. 3, which is a section through the line E, F, drawn to a scale of
The pulp thus taken from the bottom and middle part of the vats is much
better mixed and is constantly maintained at the same level in the chamber H
by the action of. the regulator; from the chamber H the pulp is conveyed
through a pipe d into a receiving vat J, and runs from thence into the
chamber K. It must be remarked that the receiving or reunion vat is
provided with a water gate or hatch working a registering handle I, as shewn,
Fig. 5, which is drawn size, this registering handle permits (after some e trials)
the making of paper of a regular weight per square yard; for the registering
apparatus permits any required quantity of pulp' to run out. From the chamber K
the pulp runs through a pipe m into the turbine, "danaïde," L, which conveys
it to the endless distributor P. These several apparatuses furnish a most regular
pulp of uniform quantity, and distributed with a perfect exactness through the
medium of the valves, hatches, or water gates. This system is applicable only
to the finest pulp.
By carefully inspecting the annexed Drawing this improved system of
regulating the thickness and weight of paper pulp will be easily understood,

page_text: The floating piece in the chamber H is provided with a regulator for working
the hatches or water gates, and governs the outflow of the pulp from the
vats G, so that the chamber H contains material which is always at the same
level, and of course conveys constantly a regular quantity of pulp to the
receiving or reunion vat J. The latter is a distinct apparatus which meets
all the requisite conditions for making paper of a limited or. given weight,
for by the combination of the floating pieces the fluid material is kept at a
constant level, and by the medium of the meter or registering apparatus it
always allows the same quantity of pulp to flow out. It must be observed
that in order to obtain more regularity the outflow from the diluting troughs
must be carefully regulated, that is to say, an equal quantity of water is to be
introduced into the said troughs when the pulp has been conveyed down into
the receiving vats, to be from thence conveyed to the endless distributor; of
course the driving engine must also run with a very regular speed.
My Invention being now described I will point out the improved arrange-
ments of which I claim the exclusive use,
1st. The arrangement of hatches or water gates to regulate the flowing
out of the fluid material from the pulp vats, two of them being applied in
each vat, the one at the bottom the other at the. middle of its height in
order to convey to the receiving or reunion vat pulp of a regular thickness
and density.
2d. The meting or registering arrangement applied to the hatch or gate of
the receiving or reunion vat to regulate the thickness and weight of the sheets
of paper produced.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Tessier, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Signed and sealed in the
presence of
L. D'AUBREVILLE, C. E.
CH. TESSIER. (L.S.)