IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- A communication.PACTURE OFTAL P
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Baddeley, of No. 13, Angell Ter-
race, Saint Peter's, Islington, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
A communication.
Sealed the 3rd June 1853, and dated the 9th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bad-
deley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 9th December 1852.
I, WILLIAM BADDELEY, of No. 13, Angell Terrace, St. Peter's,
Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF METAL PIPES" to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to the manufacture of pipes of lead,
tin, or pewter, by forcing the metal, in a melted or fluid state, through
dies suitably formed and arranged.

page_text: For this purpose a single or double barrel force pump is im-
mersed in a bath or cistern of melted metal, the working of which
pump forces the metal up through a suitable die (of the exact di-
mensions internally and externally of the required pipe), which
conducts it so far into the atmosphere or through a cold water bath,
as to cause the upper end of the metal to issue from the die in the
form of a solid pipe while its lower end is in a fluid state; so that,
as long as the action of the pump is continued and the supply of
metal is kept up, a pipe of the required size and of any required
length will be produced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said William Baddeley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 9th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM BADDELEY, of No. 13, Angell Terrace, Saint Peter's Street,
Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Baddeley, Her
special license that I, the said William Baddeley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Baddeley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
tine agree with, and no others, from time to. time and at all times
thereafter during the term thercin expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL
PIPES" (communicated to me by Mr. Charles Hoppo, residing at
Hamburgh in Germany), upon the condition (amongst others) that

page_text: I, the said William Baddeley, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, "that these improvements relate to the manu-
facture of pipes from lead, tin, or pewter, by forcing the metal, in a
melted or fluid state, through dies suitably formed and arranged.
For this purpose a single or double barrel force pump is immersed
in a bath or cistern of melted metal, the working of which pump
forces the metal up through a suitable die (of the exact dimensions
internally and externally of the required pipe), which conducts it so
far into the atmosphere, or through a cold water bath, as to cause
the upper end of the metal to issue from the die in the form of a
solid pipe while its lower end is in a fluid state; so that, as long as
the action of the pump is continued and the supply of metal is kept
up, a pipe of the required size and of any required length will be
produced."
And in order that the nature of this Invention may be more
fully understood, reference is had to the following description
thereof, and to the Drawings hereunto annexed (that is to say):
Figure 1, is a sectional elevation of an apparatus suitable for the
purpose of this Invention, upon the line C, D, of Figure 2, which is
a plan view of the same upon the line A, B, of Figure 1. E, is a
reservoir or cistern for containing the melted metal; G, is a force
pump, the plunger of which, H, may be worked by manual or other
power; I, is a conical hollow metal valve, which floats in the melted
metal and closes the inlet passage, but allows the inetal to enter
the pump barrel when the plunger H, is raised; upon depressing
the plunger, the valve I, closes that aperture and the melted metal
forcing down another similar valve K, enters a receiving vessel L,
to which is affixed a close cover F, furnished with an internal die
or mandril m; and an external die n, having an annular space be-

page_text: tween them of the exact dimensions of the pipe to be made. O, is
a cistern through which a stream of cold water circulates, to chill
and consolidate the metal as it passes from the dies, but is only
required when the pipe is of large dimensions, or is made with
considerable rapidity. P, is a furnace, the heat from which passes
beneath the cistern E, and the receiver L, so as to keep the whole
of the metal in a fluid state until it is leaving the dies. While in a
fluid state the metal is subject to the ordinary laws of hydrostatics,
consequently, when the plunger H, of the pump G, is worked up
and down, the metal is drawn from the cistern E, and forced into
the receiver L, and thence up the annular space between the in-
ternal and external dies. As it reaches the upper part of the dies the
metal cools and sets, and escapes from the upper part of the dies in
the form of a pipe p. The outer die is made to taper slightly in-
wards at the upper end, by which means the outside surface of the
pipe becomes smooth or burnished as it is forced through the aper-
ture by the hydrostatic pressure beneath. The supply of metal to
the cistern E, being kept up, and the pump G, continued in ac
tion, a pipe of any desired length can be produced.
In order that the plunger H, may work in an air-tight manner,
the pump G, is furnished with a stuffing box at h, packed with
asbestos, which has the property of remaining uninjured by heat,
and may be lubricated with any of the usual unguents.
I do not confine myself to the precise details of arrangement
herein set forth, as they may be varied without prejudice to the
character of this Invention. What I claim as new, and constitut-
ing the Invention which has been communicated to me, is,-
Firstly, the formation of metal pipes of unlimited length, by
hydrostatic pressure acting upon the metal in a fluid state, and
forcing it through suitably formed dies, in its passage through or
before quitting which the metal is made to assume the solid state.
Secondly, I claim the use of apparatus for making metal pipes
substantially as herein-before described and shewn..

page_text: Finally, I claim the use of asbestos as a packing for stuffing
boxes exposed to heat.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Baddeley, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this
day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
WILLIAM BADDELEY. (L. s.)
Witness,
HENRY BROWN,
18, Lower Road, Islington.