IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING IRON, AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Dreyfus, of Paris, in the French Empire,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING IRON, AND
IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 12th April 1861, and dated the 30th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Dreyfus at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th October 1860.
I, ISAAC DREYFUS, of Paris, in the French Empire, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING
IRON, AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to enable me to roll iron of very variable
breadth and thickness conveniently in the same rolling mill, and my Invention
consists in employing a set or sets of rollers, some or all of which are supported
in movable bearings in such manner that the breadth and depth of the spaces
included between the set or sets of rollers (where they approach each other)
shall be conveniently susceptible of great variation. In its simplest form the
machine which I employ comprises two horizontal and two vertical rollers.
The lower horizontal roller may conveniently be fixed in the frame of the
machine, the upper one is, by preference, supported in bearings with which

page_text: counterpoises are so connected as to tend continually to elevate this upper
horizontal roller. The action of these counterpoises is counteracted by the
downward pressure of two screws, worked by means of bevil wheels and
pinions from a horizontal shaft extending along the top of the machine. On
depressing or raising these screws the distance apart of the horizontal rollers
will be diminished or increased respectively. The two vertical rollers are
likewise adjustable in position by having their bearings made movable at will
in the frame of the machine; when the machine is at work, however, these
rollers are for the time being fixed in position. The lower horizontal roller is
driven by a prime mover of any suitable kind, and motion is transmitted from
the lower to the upper horizontal roller, in the usual manner. Motion is also
transmitted from the lower horizontal to the vertical rollers by means of a
train of toothed wheels and an intermediate shaft. I do not limit myself to
any particular number of rollers; I sometimes employ three, six, or any other
convenient number, placing some of them inclined, in order to adapt them to
any sectional form which it may be desirable to give to the rolled bar of iron.
I also sometimes employ a second set of rollers for the purpose of rolling the
bar as it moves in either direction, so as to increase the rapidity with which
the rolling process is effected.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isaac Dreyfus in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
DREYFUS, of Paris, in the French Empire, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Isaac Dreyfus, Her special license that I, the said Isaac Dreyfus, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Isaac
Dreyfus, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING IRON,

page_text: AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Isaac Dreyfus, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Dreyfus, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say-
The object of my Invention is to enable me to roll iron of very variable
breadth and thickness conveniently in the same rolling mill, and my Invention
consists in employing a set or sets of rollers, some or all of which are supported
in movable bearings in such manner that the breadth and depth of the spaces
included between the set or sets of rollers (where they approach each other)
shall be conveniently susceptible of great variation. In its simplest form the
machine which I employ comprises two horizontal and two vertical rollers.
The lower horizontal roller may conveniently be fixed in the frame of the
machine; the upper one is, by preference, supported in bearings, with which
counterpoises are so connected as to tend continually to elevate this upper
horizontal roller. The action of these counterpoises is counteracted by the
downward pressure of two screws worked by means of bevil wheels and pinions
On
from a horizontal shaft extending along the top of the machine.
depressing or raising these screws the distance apart of the horizontal rollers
will be diminished or increased respectively. The two vertical rollers are
likewise adjustable in position by having their bearings made moveable at will
in the frame of the machine; when the machine is at work, however, these
rollers are for the time being fixed in position. The lower horizontal roller is
driven by a prime mover of any suitable kind, and motion is transmitted from
the lower to the upper horizontal roller, in the usual manner. Motion is also
transmitted from the lower horizontal to the vertical rollers by means of a train
of toothed wheels and an intermediate shaft. I do not limit myself to any
particular number of rollers. I sometimes employ three, six, or any other
convenient number, placing some of them inclined, in order to adapt them to
any sectional form which it may be desirable to give to the rolled bar of iron.
I also sometimes employ a second set of rollers, for the purpose of rolling the

page_text: bar as it moves in either direction, so as to increase the rapidity with which
the rolling process is effected..
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a front elevation, Figure 2 a
section, and Figure 3 an end view, of the machinery. I employ for rolling iron
constructed according to the [foregoing description. A, A', are the horizontal,
and. B; B', the vertical rollers. The motion which is communicated to the
lower horizontal roller A¹ is transmitted to the upper roller A in the ordinary
manner. The lower roller A¹ drives by means of a series of vertical toothed
wheels C, C, C2, C3, a horizontal shaft D, working in bearings in the upper
part of the frames E, E, and carrying two bevil wheels G, G, gearing into
and receiving motion from two similar wheels H, H, keyed on the shafts or
trunnions proceeding from the vertical rollers B, B¹. The distance of these
two rollers apart is regulated by set screws passing through the shafts or
trunnions on which the rollers are mounted, as well as through the bearings
on which they work. I, I, are screws carrying toothed wheels J, J, in which
the pinions K, K, mounted on the shaft L take; M is a handle or wheel for
communicating motion to the shaft L. The lower ends of the screws I, I,
press on the upper bearings of the roller A, so that by turning the handle M
the pinions K, K, communicate motion to the screws I, I, through the
wheels J, J, and the said screws pressing on the bearings of the roller A, serve
to regulate the distance between the rollers A and A¹, according to the direction
in which the handle M is turned; N, N, are the counterpoises, connected to
the upper horizontal roller.
With machinery arranged in manner described all kinds of iron can be
rolled by increasing or diminishing the size of the machine; in a similar
manner it is easy to reproduce projections or hollows from the rollers, so as to
obtain different forms in the metals. The number of the parts may also be
increased, and the iron may be worked or rolled, for example, in the middle of
a polygon composed of several rollers.
An apparatus fitted with three or more horizontal rollers can also be
employed in order that the rolling may be carried on with greater rapidity, in
which case iron is fed in at each end of the machine, and the vertical rollers
are arranged on each side in front and back of the horizontal rollers.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself to
the particular form of the iron to be produced, nor to the number of the
rollers employed, nor to the method of arranging them, provided the distinctive
features of the Invention be retained; but what I claim is the construction of

page_text: machinery for rolling iron, in which the horizontal and vertical rollers are
capable of being readily adjusted to adapt themselves to the different sizes and
forms of iron to be rolled, substantially in manner herein-before described,
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Dreyfus, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD, Je, Civil Engineer,
23, Boulevd de Strasbourg,
à Paris.
I. DREYFUS. (L.S.)