IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR NAILING BOXES, CASES, AND OTHER ARTICLES WHERE TWO OR MORE STRAIGHT PIECES OF WOOD ARE JOINED TOGETHER.
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Walter Blood, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO
MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR NAILING BOXES, CASES, AND OTHER ARTICLES
WHERE TWO OR MORE STRAIGHT PIECES OF WOOD ARE JOINED TOGETHER.'
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Walter Blood at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1881.
FREDERICK WALTER BLOOD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR
NAILING BOXES, CASES, AND OTHER ARTICLES WHERE TWO OR MORE STRAIGHT
PIECES OF WOOD ARE JOINED TOGETHER."
The machinery for the case or packing box making machine is constructed as
follows:-
--
I provide a supporting frame with a table (which may be fixed or movable)
adjustable back, nail receiver or nail receivers, nail holder or nail holders, nail
driver or nail drivers, driving and actuating mechanism.
The frame above the table is slotted so as to receive two slides, the cross head
frame and the frame containing the nail receivers and nail holders. The frame
containing the nail receivers and holders is made either adjustable or self adjusting
for different sized boxes, and may rise to receive the box under the nail receivers
and holders, and fall to bring the sides closely together. At each end of the frame
containing the nail receivers and holders, or on the cross head frame, there may be
a spring or springs, so that when the cross head frame holding the nail drivers
descends to drive the nails into the sides of the box, the spring or springs by yielding
will cause the sides of the box to be brought more closely together. The nail
holders are yielding and support the nails until the nail drivers strike them, and
then by yielding gradually to the pressure of the nail drivers as the nails are
driven into the sides of the box until they are entirely released, and the nails
forced flush with the side of the box. The nail drivers may be fast or movable in
the crosshead frame, and may be removed or not according to the number of nails

page_text: required to be driven. The balance weights and stop mechanism arrest the motion
of the frame containing the nail drivers, and the mechanism for causing the nail
receivers and holders to rise and fall to receive the sides of the box may be
actuated by releasing a weight or spring, or worked in combination with the
starting mechanism. The nail feeders are attached to the frame containing the
nail receivers and holders, and consist of a series of tubes with or without glass
fronts into which the nails are placed; as the nail drivers descend, a lever,
preferably held in position by a spring, is moved by a cam or roller on the cross-
head acting on the lever or other convenient mechanism, which causes the nail
feeders to cant over the holes into the nail receivers and holders, so that the nails
fall simultaneously in their places together to be driven into the sides of the box.
As the nail drivers descend the lever is released, and the nail feeders assume by
the action of a spring or balance weight their original position. Adjustable
connecting rods are used to regulate the crosshead frame holding the nail drivers,
and the frame containing the nail receivers and holders so as to be able to nail
various sized boxes, and the back plate attached to the table may be made to rise
or fall to suit various sized boxes also. The nail holders are below the nail
receivers, and consist each of two jaws with a parabolic or conoidal hole in the
centre continued to a small round one for receiving and holding the point of the
nail. The jaws revolve on separate spindles, to which levers and weights or springs
may or may not be attached. These jaws may be separated to allow the nail
driver to pass through between them in driving the nail flush with the sides of
the box by the action of the nail drivers, by gravity or otherwise, preferably
closing the moment the nail driver is withdrawn, so as to more accurately guide
the next succeeding nail.
.
The above machinery may be driven by a friction-wheel-or ordinary clutch, and
may be operated by hand or foot.
The machine may be used horizontally or vertically for driving nails.
In working the machine the boards to be joined are placed in position with the
place where the nails have to be driven immediately beneath the nail holders.
The nail receivers being supplied by hand, the nail drivers are caused to descend
and drive the nails into the wood..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Walter Blood in the Great Scal Patent Office on the
12th May 1882.
"
FOR
FREDERICK WALTER BLOOD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO MACHINES OR APPARATUS
NAILING BOXES, CASES, AND OTHER ARTICLES WHERE TWO OR MORE STRAIGHT
PIECES OF WOOD ARE JOINED TOGETHER."
The machinery for the case or packing box making machine is constructed as
follows:-
I provide a supporting frame with a table which may be fixed or movable,
adjustable back, nail receivor or nail receivers, nail holder or nail holders, nail
driver or nail drivers, driving and actuating mechanism.
The frame above the table is slotted so as to receive two slides, the crosshead
frame and the frame containing the nail receivers and nail holders. The frame
containing the nail receivers and holders is made either adjustable or self adjusting
for different sized boxes, and may rise to receive the box under the nail receivers
and holders, and fall to bring the sides closely together. The nail holders are
yielding and support the nails until the nail drivers strike them, and then by
yielding gradually to the pressure of the nail drivers as the nails are driven into
the sides of the box until they are entirely released and the nails forced flush with
the side of the box. The nail drivers may be fast or moveable in the crosshead
frame, and may be removed or not according to the number of nails required to be
driven. The balance weights and stop mechanism arrest the motion of the frame
containing the nail drivers, and the mechanism for causing the nail receivers and
holders to rise and fall to receive the sides of the box may be actuated by releasing
a weight or spring, or worked in combination with the starting mechanism. The
nail feeders are attached to the frame containing the nail receivers and holders, and
consist of a series of tubes, with or without glass fronts, into which the nails are
placed as the nail drivers descend, a lever, preferably held in position by a spring,
is moved by a cam or roller on the crosshead acting on the lever or other con-
venient mechanisın, which causes the nail feeders to cant over the holes into the
nail receivers and holders, so that the nails fall simultaneously in their places
together to be driven into the sides of the box. As the nail drivers descend the
lever is released and the nail feeders assume by the action of a spring or balance
weight their original position. Adjustable connecting rods are used to regulate
the crosshead frame holding the nail drivers, and the frame containing the nail
receivers and holders so as to be able to nail various sized boxes, and the back
plate attached to the table may be made to rise or fall to suit various sized boxes
also.
The nail holders are below the nail receivers, and consist each of two jaws
with a parabolic or conoidal hole in the centre continued to a small round one for
receiving and holding the point of the nail. The jaws revolve on separate spindles
to which levers and weights or springs may or may not be attached. These jaws
inay be separated to allow the nail driver to pass through between them when
driving the nail flush with the sides of the box, and are moved by the action of the
nail drivers, by gravity or otherwise. They preferably close the moment the nail
driver is withdrawn so as to more accurately guide the next succeeding nail.
The above machinery may be driven by a friction wheel or ordinary clutch, and
may be operated by hand, foot, or power.
The machine may be used horizontally or vertically for driving nails.
In working the machine the boards to be joined are placed in position with the
place where the nails have to be driven immediately beneath the nail holders. The
nail receivers being supplied by hand the nail drivers are caused to descend and
drive the nails into the wood.

page_text: In order that my Invention may be more completely understood reference is
given to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a plan,
looking at the top of the machine, all constructed in accordance with my Invention;
Fig. 4, a plan of nail holder crosshead; Figs. 5 and 6 are enlarged details of
machine; Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively front and side elevations of a modifica-
tion; Fig. 9, an enlarged transverse section shewing modification of nail holder.
Corresponding parts in each Figure are marked with the same letters.
A is the supporting framework which is slotted at a to receive the frames or
crossheads C and D. B is the table which is carried in the V slides b on the
framework A, and may be adjusted by the attendant by means of the hand
wheel E and rack F and pinion f, and in order to assist in holding the table B
during the operation of nailing the boards I employ the pawls G, teeth I, and
balance weights g'. The pawls G are released from the teeth g when required by
means of the hand lever g2. In place of rack g, nicks or grooves placed at the
right height for various sized boxes can be used, and for most purposes such will
be the best design. On the table B is mounted the adjustable back plate H, this
is employed as a fence for regulating the position of the boards or box on the
machine that are to be nailed together.
The cross head frame C, carrying the nail drivers I is carried in the slots a
above the table, and a vertical sliding movement is imparted to it from disc plate J
through connecting rods j. The nail drivers I may be fast or movable in the cross-
head frame C, and may be removed or not according to the number of nails to be
driven. Under the crosshead frame C is a second frame D, also carried in the
slots a containing the nail receivers and holders. On this frame D is mounted
the standards for carrying the rod or shaft_e_to_which-the-nail-feeders-K-are-
-attached: Movement is given to the frame D from lever on shaft L through
connecting rod l.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The boards or box to be nailed are
placed on the table B with the points where the nails have to drive immediately
beneath the nail holders. The frame D is then slightly lowered by the attendant,
motion being conveyed thereto from treadle M, through shaft m, levers m' and m",
spring m³, shaft L, lever l, and connecting rod . The boards are then ready
for receiving the nails. The attendant then continues to depress the treadle M,
and by so doing the lever n is moved forward, and by means of connecting rod n'
and lever n², throwing the sliding clutch N on the shaft O into gear with clutch
formed in the boss of the spur wheel P, which revolves loosely on shaft O.
When the sliding clutch N engages with the spur wheel P, motion is conveyed
therefrom through disc plates J, and connecting rods j to the crosshead frame C,
causing it and the nail drivers I to descend and drive the nails flush with the sides
of the box.
The nail feeders K are attached to the rod or shaft e mounted on the frame D
carrying the nail receivers and holders d, and consists of a series of tubes k, with or
without glass fronts, into which the nails are placed by hand. As the nail drivers [
descend, a lever Q, preferably held in position by a spring q, is moved by a cam or
roller q on the cross head frame C acting on the lever Q, or other convenient
mechanism may be employed, which causes the nail feeders to cant over the
holes d into the nail receivers or holders K, so that the nails fall simultaneously
in their places to be driven into the sides of the box. As the nail drivers I
descend the lever Q is released, and the nail feeders K assume by the action of the
spring or its equivalent their original position. The nail receivers and holders R
are below the nail feeders K, and consist of two jaws with a parabolic or
conoidal hole in the centre continued to a small round one for receiving the point
of the nail. The jaws revolve on separate spindles to which the levers 7² and
springs are attached. These jaws may be separate to allow the nail drivers I to
pass through them in driving the nail flush with the sides of the box, and by the
action of the springs r³ are made to close the moment the nail drivers I are with-

page_text: drawn, so as to more accurately guide the next succeeding nail. When the nails
have been driven flush with the sides of the box the sliding clutch N is thrown out
of gear with the spur wheel P by means of the small pulley p attached to the
sliding clutch N, coming in contact during the rotation of the clutch N with the
incline plane p', and thereby arrests the motion of the crosshead C. Balance
weights T and t are employed to assist in bringing the crosshead frames C and D
to position shown in Drawings.
Instead of the herein described stop mechanism, balance weights, friction pulley, or
other convenient arrangement may be employed. Motion is imparted to the machine
through driving pulley S, shaft s, and spur gearing P from any convenient source.
At Figs. 7 and 8, I have shown a modified arrangement for raising the cross-
head frame D; this dispenses with the use of levers m' and m² and spring m³,
shown at Figs. 1 and 2, and I employ the treadle U with projecting finger u; on
this rests the lever u¹ carried on shaft L. To raise the crosshead frame D the
treadle U is depressed, thereby lifting the lever u' which conveys the required
lifting motion to frame D through shaft L, lever 1, and connecting rod . When it
is necessary to have the nails very close together place the nail receivers and
holders transversely in crosshead frame D (as shown at Fig. 9) instead of longi-
tudinally, as shown at Figs. 1, 5, 6; other parts of the machine, not shown or
described, may be the same as those for Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
In some cases when preferred adjustable connecting rods j and j¹ may be
employed to regulate the crosshead frames C and D so as to be able to nail various
sized boxes, and the back plate attached to the table B may be made to rise and
fall to suit various sized boxes also, but in the Drawings I have shown the table B
and backplate H only adjustable.
Having now described my Invention, I wish it to be understood that I am well
aware that nailing machines of a more complicated and imperfect description have
been brought into use prior to the date of my Patent, and I therefore do not make
a broad claim for nailing machines, but that what I claim as my Invention to be
secured to me by Letters Patent is, the nailing machinery, constructed, arranged, or
combined, substantially as herein described; and also in an especial manner the
following:-
Ist. In a nailing machine the nail receivers or holders formed in two parts
having a hollow or neck between for the nail, and being capable of being pressed
apart by the nail drivers as the latter descend to drive the nails into the box, but
at other times kept close together by springs, weights, or other device.
2nd. In a nailing machine the nail receptacles or sockets placed near to the nail
receivers or holders, and so as to be fed by an attendant on a level with the
machine, but shut off from the nail receivers until the nail driving frame begins
to descend, when by means of a cam, tappet, or equivalent mechanism causes them
to discharge their containing nails into their respective nail receivers.
3rd. The manufacture of a nailing machine in which the nail box rises and falls
while the table remains rigid, the table by this means forming a solid basis for the
box to be made, which is held firmly to it by the nail boxes while the nails are
being driven.
4th. In a nailing machine a stationary table adjustable as regards height and
provided with adjusting mechanism and stops or notches, so that it can be
immediately adjusted to specially required heights within its range of adjustment.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Walter Blood, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
יוזמתיחתת
11
יתיהתו
FR BRICK
ALT
LTER BLOOD. (L.S.)