AN IMPROVED DOUBLE-ACTING FORCE OR LIFT D Awan Dan
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Graham, of No. 2, Ann Street, Devonport
Street, Commercial Road East, in the County of Middlesex, Pattern
Maker, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED DOUBLE-ACTING FORCE OR LIFT
D
Awan Dan"
Sealed the 7th March 1862, and dated the 19th September 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Graham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
September 1861.
I, JOHN GRAHAM, of No. 2, Ann Street, Devonport Street, Commercial
Road East, in the County of Middlesex, Pattern Maker, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED DOUBLE-ACTING FORCE OR
LIFT PUMP FOR SHIPS, FIRE ENGINES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a double-acting force or lift pump, which
I construct by the introduction and arrangement of two levers or beams with
four buckets or plungers attached, the motion being transmitted to the second
lever and buckets by means of a tumbling lever working in a joint in the
body of the pump, the top part forming a section of a circle working in the
second lever, and giving the reverse motion. By this means the buckets or
plungers act in opposite directions to each other in the chamber of the pump,
which is so constructed as to form two or more chambers, having an outlet or
delivering valve at the centre, with two foot or suction valves, by means of

page_text: which a quantity of water is lifted double that which is lifted by a single-acting
pump, and in the same time a pump constructed as before described may be
worked either by levers or a rotary motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
the said John Graham in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th
March 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GRAHAM, of No. 2, Ann Street, Devonport Street, Commercial Road East,
in the County of Middlesex, Pattern Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Ierself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Graham, Her special licence that I, the said John Graham, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Graham, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
DOUBLE-ACTING FORCE OR LIPT POMP FOR SHIPS, FIRE ENGINES, AND OTHER
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Graham, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Graham, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be:
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of a double-acting force or lift pump, which
I construct with two chambers and with two buckets or plungers working in
each chamber, and the rod of the bottom bucket or plunger in each chamber
works through an orifice in the upper bucket or plunger made water-tight by

page_text: means of a moveable brass packing, so as to allow the rod to work in it
without a parallel motion. Motion is given to the buckets in each chamber,
so that when the one is ascending the other is descending, the upper bucket
moving up and down in the upper end of the chamber, and the lower bucket
up and down in the lower end of the chamber, meeting or nearly so in the
middle of the chamber. At the side of each chamber, or connected with it,
I make an auxiliary chamber or suction pipe, with a suction valve at the
bottom of it for admitting water during the ascent of the upper bucket, the
water being admitted through a suction valve at the bottom of the working
chamber during the ascent of the lower bucket, and when one of the valves
for admitting water is open the other is closed. The water raised by the
lower bucket of each pump is forced through an opening furnished with a
valve into a reservoir placed between the working chambers, or in any
convenient position, and the water raised by each of the upper buckets passes
over the top of the working chamber into the same reservoir.
The machine must be constructed or so placed that the suction valves shall
be in contact with the water to be lifted. I prefer to give motion to the
buckets and their rods in each chamber by means of an arrangement of two-
levers or beams, the motion being transmitted from the first to the second
lever or beam by means of a tumbling lever working on a joint or fulcrum pin
fixed on the framing, or in any convenient manner. The tumbling lever has.
two arms, and at the end of each arm is placed a stud pin, with a friction
roller mounted upon the stud pins, moving backwards and forwards in a
segment of a circle. Motion is given to the rocking lever by means of an arm
fixed to the under side of the first lever or beam, the end of the arm being
furnished with a stud pin carrying a friction roller, and that roller works in a
vertical slot on the tumbling lever, so that when the first lever or beam has
motion given to it in one direction, the arms of the tumbling lever are moved
in the opposite direction. The friction rollers at the ends of the arms of the
tumbling lever work in slots in the second lever or beam, so as to cause the
second lever or beam to move in the same direction as the arms of
the tumbling lever, and in a direction the reverse to that of the first lever or
beam, and thus upon motion being alternately given to the first lever or beam,
first in one direction and then in the other, the second lever or beam will in
every case have motion given to it in the reverse direction; the rod of one of
the upper buckets is to be connected with one end of one of the levers or
beams, and the rod of the other upper bucket is to be connected with the
opposite end of the same lever or beam, so that when one bucket is caused to
ascend the other will be caused to descend. The lower buckets are to be

page_text: connected in like manner with the ends of the other lover or beam, so that
when one of them shall be raised the other shall be lowered, and the upper
and lower buckets of each chamber when in motion shall move in opposite
direction. I construct a pump in the manner I have described in order that
when the pump is worked the one or the other of the buckets in each chamber
may be always in action, and raising water, and in order that the quantity of
water raised in each chamber of the pump may be double or much greater
than that which is lifted by a single acting pump.
A pump constructed as
before described may be worked and have the requisite motions given to the
buckets and their rods in any convenient manner.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shown how a pump may be con-
structed according to my Invention when worked by hand, but my pumps may
be worked by any other motive power.
The Figure No. 1 in tho Drawings represents an elevation of a pump
complete, and shows the stops A, A, for the handles or levers. The
Figure No. 2 is an end elevation of the pump looking towards the end A,
Figure 1. The Figure 3 is a vertical section taken through both of the
chambers of the pump, showing the working parts of it; and Figure 4 is a
vertical section taken through one of the chambers, and in the line N, O,
Figure 3. A driving lever X, X, made double in the middle, is fixed at its
centre on the centre shaft A, and at each end of it is fixed a handle, as shewn
in Figure 2. The beam C is also fixed upon the shaft A in the same direction
as the driving lover X, X, so that when the driving lever X, X, is moved, the
beam C shall have similar motion given to it. D is a tumbling lever, with a
stud pin at the end of each of its arms, and on these stud pins are mounted
friction rollers. The tumbling lever is mounted and rocks upon the centre
shaft A, and the rollers at the ends of its arms novo in a segment of a circle,
and in two slots in the beam E. The working parts of the pump are all
enclosed in a water-tight case, having an inlet for the water at K, and an
outlet at M. On the under side of the beam C, and at its centre, is fixed an
arm, and at the end of that arm is a stud pin, carrying a friction roller, which
works in a short vertical slot in the tumbling lever, so as to give motion to
that lever when the beam C is moved. The friction rollers at the ends of tho
arms of the tumbling lever work in the slots of the beam E, E, so as to cause
that beam to rock on the centre shaft A in a direction the reverse of the
beam C. H, H, H, H, are the spears or rods of the buckets or plungers; I, I, I, I,
are the buckets; and J, J, J, J, are the suction or foot valves; K is the
suction nozzle, to which is to be attached a suction pipe, through which the
water is to be drawn into the machine; upon being drawn into the machine

page_text: the water passes down into the space Z, Z, under the valves J, J, J, J, and is
there drawn into the working chambers R, and auxiliary chambers r, r;
L, L, are escape or delivery, valves, through which the water is forced into the
reservoir Y, Y, by the action of the lower buckets, when the water passes from
the working chambers through the orifices p, p, into the auxiliary chambers r, r,
and so through the valves L, L. The water raised by the upper buckets
passes over the tops of the working chambers into the reservoir Y, Y, and the
water passes out of the machine at the nozzle or opening M, to which a pipe
may be attached in order to force the water and convey it to the place of its
destination.
Having now particularly ascertained and described the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which it is to be performed, I declare that I do
not claim as of my Invention any of the mechanical elements which I have
described or shewn in the said Drawings separate or apart from the com-
bination and application thereof in manner and for the purposes herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Graham, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
in the presence of
ALEXANDER FORSYTH,
10, Lombard Street,
London,
Solicitor.
JOHN GRAHAM. (L.S.)