Improvements in Screwing Appliances for Forming Screw-threads on Bolts and Studs and other Articles or objects in Lathes or Screwing Machines or other Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1898-Accepted, 26th Mar:, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Screwing Appliances for Forming Screw-threads
on Bolts and Studs and other Articles or objects in Lathes or
Screwing Machines or other Machines.
I, RICHARD KILBURN, of 138, Church Lane, Gorton, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do horeby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
1
My invention consists in improvements in screwing appliances for forming
screw-threads on bolts and studs and other articles or objects in lathes or screwing
machines or other machines.
The principal object of my invention is the provision of screwing appliances
which shall be simple in construction and cheap to maintain in working condition,
and capable of being readily adjusted to compensate for the wear of the dies or
cutting tools employed, or for operating on studs or bolts or other articles or objects
of different sizes, and shall be capable of being adjusted to form screws of any degree
of accuracy in diameter which may be desirable, and shall be capable of being
employed when it may be requisite to do so to form screws of different sizes on
different parts of the articles or objects operated upon, and shall also be capable of
being, by the action of automatic devices, made to release the bolts or studs or
other articles or objects operated upon as soon as they have been screwed or formed
with screw-threads of the length desired and so permit such bolts or studs or other
articles or objects to be withdrawn without being unscrewed therefrom, and shall
be capable of being used in the formation of screws of any requisite length without
requiring any alterations to be made in the internal arrangements or adjustments.
According to my invention, I provide in the construction of a screwing appliance,
two or more dies or cutting tools capable of being slidden to and fro in a block or
holder, and arranged in conjunction with springs tending to move the said dies or
cutting tools away from any object upon which they may be caused to act when
the screwing appliance is in use. In one very convenient mode of forming and
arranging the said dies or cutting tools, I provide each of them with a notch or
projection or equivalent device placed in engagement with a projection or notch
or equivalent device provided upon or in one of a corresponding number of pieces
capable of being slidden in the block or holder above mentioned, and so enable such
dies or cutting tools to be readily formed from steel in the form of bars. The said
block is mounted and capable of being slidden in the direction of the axis of the
screwing-appliance in a barrel or socket capable of being mounted in the mandrel
or Burret or other equivalent part of the lathe or screwing machine or other machino
in which the screwing appliance may be employed. Upon the said barrel or socket,
I mount a collar or ring or part capable of being slidden thereon in the direction
of the axis of the screwing appliance, and to such collar, ring or part I secure a
collar, ring or part which surrounds the block or holder above mentioned and is
provided internally with faces, which, when the screwing appliance is in use in
the formation of a scrow-thread or screw-threads upon a bolt or stud or other

page_text: article or object, form abutments or supports to prevent the dies or cutting tools
from moving away from such bolt or stud or other article or object. The said
collar, ring or part,with internal faces is made capable of being turned into and
scoured in different positions upon the collar, ring or part upon which it is mounted
and the internal faces with which it is provided are made of a spiral or other form
such that they may act as cams and such that by the said collar, ring or part with
internal faces being turned into and secured in different positions upon the collar,
ring or part on which it is mounted, the dies or cutters bearing against it may be
adjusted or moved into and held in proper position to act in the manner requisito
upon the bolts or studs or other articles or objects to be operated upon. The ends
or parts of the dies or cutting tools, which bear against the internal faces of the
collar, ring or part aforesaid, or the internal faces of such collar ring or part, pr
both the said ends or parts of the said dies or cutting tools and the internal faces
of the said collar, ring or part, are so formed that, although when certain portions
of the said ends or parts of the dies or cutting tools are in contact with the said
internal faces, such dies or cutting tools shall be prevented from being moved away
from a bolt or stud or other article or object being operated upon; the bringing of
other portions of the said ends or parts of the dies or cutting tools into contact with
the said internal faces, by the holder or part and the dies or cutting tools being
moved by the said dies or cutting tools being screwed upon or having screwed
between them the bolt or stud or other article or object being operated upon, after
the movement of such bolt or stud or other article or object in relation to the
screwing appliance, or the movement of the screwing appliance in relation to the
said bolt or stud or other article or object or the relative movements of both such
stud or bolt or other article or object and screwing appliance is or are arrested, will
allow the springs above mentioned to move the said dies or cutting tools away from
any bolt or stud or other article or object being operated upon, and move the collar,
ring or part in which the said internal faces are formed and the collar, ring or part
to which it is secured upon the barrel or socket above mentioned, and also so that
by the said holder or block and dies or cutting tools being moved in a direction
contrary to that in which they were first moved, the said dies or outting tools may
be restored to the position which they are required to occupy when a bolt or stud
or other article or object is being operated upon. The formation of the said.dies
or cutting tools, and the internal faces above mentioned, so that they may act in the
manner above described in allowing the dies or cutting tools to move out of
working position and restoring them to working position may be conveniently
accomplished by such internal faces being formed at right angles to a plane at right
angles to the axis or centre line of the screwing appliance and by such dies or
cutting tools being in part formed with faces at right angles to their length, and in
part with inclined faces. The collar, ring or part provided with internal faces
and the collar, ring or part on which it is mounted may conveniently be secured
together by means of set-screws screwed into the collar, ring or part which is
provided with internal faces and passing through slots formed in the collar, ring
or part on which the collar, ring or part provided with internal faces is mounted,
and in order that the relative positions of such collars, rings or parts may be
readily ascertained, I provide a scale and index of any suitable kind. The said
scale may very conveniently be formed upon a cover secured to the holder or block
above mentioned and surrounding the said collars, rings or parts and also serving
to hold the dies or cutting tools in the said holder or block.
When a screwing appliance constructed according to my invention is in use, the
dies or cutting tools continuing to be screwed upon or to have screwed between
them the bolt or stud or other article or object being operated upon will as soon as the
movement of the said bolt or stud or other article or object iu relation to the screw-
ing appliance, or the movement of the screwing appliance in relation to the said
bolt or stud or other article or object, or the relative movements of both such stud
or bolt or other article or object and screwing appliance is or are caused to cease,
by the part or parts which is or are moving arriving against a suitable stop or

page_text: stops, first move the holder or block above mentioned and the dies or cutting tools
mounted therein a little distance in one direction, and move the ends or parts of the
Enid dies or cutting tools, which bear against the internal faces above mentioned
when such dies or cutting tools are in use in the formation of a screw-thread or
screw-threads upon a bolt or atud or other article or object, out of contact with
the said internal faces, and then the said dies or cutting tools being moved by the
action of the springs above mentioned will be moved outwards, and in being so
moved, will move the collar, ring or part in which the internal faces above
mentioned are provided in the contrary direction. When the bolt or stud or other
article or object operated upon, has been released by the outward movement of the
dias or cutters and withdrawn from the screwing appliance, the holder or block
aforesaid being moved by the application of the hand of the attendant in charge
of the lathe or machine in which the screwing appliance is employed, or by any
other suitable means, in the direction opposite to that in which it was moved by tho
dies or cutters being screwed upon or having screwed between them the said bolt or
stud or other article or object, the said dies or cutters will first be moved inwards in
the said holder or block, and then be made to bear against the parts of the internal
faces of the collar, ring or part aforesaid, by which they are prevented from being
moved away from the bolt or stud or other article or object which is to be formed
with a screw-thread or screw-threads thereby.
Instead of the collar above described as provided with the internal faces of a
spiral or other form being employed, I may in some cases employ a collar or part of
any suitable construction provided with blocks or other suitable devices moved by
means of screws or other suitable devices, and arranged to act in conjunction with
the dies or cutting tools employed in a mannor equivalent to that in which the
spiral or other internal faces above described act.
In some cases the dies or outters and the internal faces above mentioned as
provided in a collar, ring or part may be so formed and arranged that when the
dies or cutters have been moved so that the parts thereof which bear against the
said internal faces when a bolt or stud or other article or object is being screwed,
are moved out of contact with such internal faces, the springs by which the said
outters or dies are moved outwards in the holder or block in which they are mounted
may, with the assistance of a spring or springs connected to the said collar, ring or
part and to any other suitable part, cause the said dies or cutters or the said collar,
ring or part or both of them to turn with or without moving in the direction of the
axis or centre line of the screwing appliance, and so allow the dies or cutters to be
moved outwards in the said holder or block.
The provision of means enabling the dies or cutting tools employed to bo
adjusted in position enables such dies or cutting tools to be recut when worn, and
in some cases enables auch dies or cutting tools to be ouce, or oftenor recut for use
in the formation of screws of one size, and then afterwards recut again once or
oftener for use in the formation of scrows of a larger size or larger sizes.
Screwing appliances made according to my invention may be held stationary
while the bolts or studs or other articles or objects to be operated upou are caused
to revolve, or such appliances may be caused to revolve while operating upon such
bolts or studs or other articles or objects.
Dahi dant
1007
HOWARD CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: on Bolts and Studs and other articles or objects in Lathes or
Sorewing Machines or other Machines.
I, RICHARD KILBURN, of 138, Ohurch Lane, Gorton, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: —
My invention consists in improvements in screwing appliances for forming
screw-threads on bolts and studs and other articles or objects in lathes or screwing
machines or other machines.
The principal object of my invention is the provision of screwing appliances
which shall be simple in construction and cheap to maintain in working condition
and capable of being readily adjusted to compensate for the wear of the dies or
cutting tools employed, or for operating on studs or bolts or other articles or objects
of different sizes, and shall be capable of being adjusted to form screws of any degree
of accuracy in diameter which may be desirable, and shall be capable of being
employed when it may be requisite to do so to form screws of different sizes on
different parts of the articles or objects operated upon, and shall also be capable of
being by the action of automatio devices, made to release the bolts or studs or
other articles or objects operated upon as soon as they have been screwed or formed
with screw-threads of the length desired and so permit such bolts or studs or other
articles or objects to be withdrawn without being unscrewed therefrom, and shall
be capable of being used in the formation of screws of any requisite length without
requiring any alterations to be made in the internal arrangements or adjustments.
A screwing applianco constructed according to my invention is illustrated in
Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings in all the figures of which the
same letters of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts, Fig. 1 being
a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, and Fig. 3 a rear elevation of such
screwing appliance when set or arranged in position or condition to form a screw-
thread or screw-threads upon an article or object to be operated upon, and Fig. 4
a front elevation of such appliance when set or arranged in the said position but
with the cover removed. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the said appliance when in
position or condition to allow an article or object operated upon to be withdrawn
without being unscrewed from it.
Fig. 6 is a front elevation and Fig. 7 a side elevation illustrating an arrangement
to be employed when screwing appliances constructed according to my invention
are to be employed in conjunction with lathes or other machines having capstan-
heads of such height that means enabling the screwing appliances to be moved
vertically or laterally at some parts of the turning of such capstan-heads are
necessary to enable such capstan-heads to be turned in the manner requisite.
Fig. 8 is a front elevation and Fig. 9 a side elevation of one of, the dies or cutting
tools employed in the screwing appliance illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Fig. 10
is a side elevation Fig. 11 a front elevation and Fig. 12 a plan of the block or holder
in which the dies or cutting tools are mounted, Fig. 13 is a side view and Fig. 14
an end view of a key inserted in the said block or holder, Fig. 15 is a side elevation,
Fig. 16 a front elevation and Fig. 17 a plan of the barrel or socket in which the
said block or holder is mounted, Fig. 18 is a side elevation and Fig. 19 an end view
of a stud used with the said barrel or socket, Fig. 20 and 21 are side elevations and
Fig. 22 is an end view of one of the sliding pieces employed in conjunction with the
dies or cutting tools aforesaid, Fig. 23 is a side view and Fig. 24 an end view of one
of the springs employed in conjunction with the said sliding pieces. Fig. 25 is a

page_text: side elevation and Fig. 26 a front elevation of a collar or ring which surrounds
the block or holder aforesaid. Fig. 27 is a side elevation and Fig. 28 a front eleva-
tion of a collar or ring to which that illustrated in Figs. 25 and 26 is secured,
Fig. 29 is a side view and Fig. 30 an end view of a stud used with the collars or
rings illustrated in Figs. 25 and 26, and Figs. 27 and 28; Fig. 31 is a side view and
Fig. 32 is a front view of the nut employed with the stud illustrated in Figs. 29
and 30, Fig. 33 is a side elevation and Fig. 34 a front view of the washer employed
with the stud illustrated in Figs. 29 and 30; Fig. 35 is a side elevation and Fig. 36
an end view of a atud employed in conjunction with the collar or ring illustrated
in Figs. 27 and 28; Fig. 37 is a front elevation and Fig. 38 a side elevation of the
cover of the screwing appliance and Fig. 30 is a side view of a key which may be
employed to turn the collar or ring illustrated in Figs. 25 and 26 in relation to tho
collar or ring illustrated in Figs. 27 and 28.
In the screwing appliance illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, (a) (a) (a) are
three dies or cutting tools and (b) is a block or holder in which they are capable of
being slidden to and fro, and (e) is a barrel or socket in which the block or holder (b)
is capable of being slidden in the direction of the axis of the screwing appliance.
A key-way or groove is formed in the barrel or socket (o) and a key (b) to fit into
the said key-way or groove is placed in a recess in the stem (68) of the block on
holder (6) so as to prevent the block or holder (b) and barrel or socket (c) from being
turned in relation to each other while permitting the block or holder (b) to be
slidden in the barrel or socket (c) in the direction of the axis of the screwing
appliance. In order that the movement of the block or holder (b) lengthwise of
the barrel or socket (c) may be limited a slot (c) of suitable length is formed in the
barrel or socket (c) and a stud (63) projecting into such slot (c) and of a diameter
approximately equal to the width of such slot (e¹) is screwed into the stem (b) of
the block or holder (b). Each die or cutting tool (a) is mounted in a groove or
channel formed to receive it in the block or holder (b) and in conjunction with each
die or cutting tool (a) is provided a piece (d) capable of being slidden lengthwise of
a hole or passage formed parallel to and in part communicating with a groovo or
channel in which the said die or cutting tool (a) is mounted. Each piece (d) is
provided with a projection (d) capable of engaging with a notch formed in the
die or cutting tool (a) in conjunction with which the said piece (d) is employed
so that such piece (d) and die or cutting tool (a) are made to move together if
either of them be moved lengthwise. In conjunction with each piece (d) is pro-
vided a spiral spring (c) boaring at one end against the end of a recess formed in
such piece (d) and at the other end against the end of tho hole or passage in which
such piece () is mounted and tending to move such piece (d) lengthwise of such
hole or passage so as to move the die or cutting tool (a) in conjunction with which
such piece () is employed lengthwise away from the axis or centre line of the
screwing appliance.
Each die or cutting tool (a) is formed at one end with teeth or cutting parts (a")
adapted to form a screw-thread or screw-threads of the required pitch and character
upon the articles or objects to be operated upon by the screwing appliance and at
the other ond in part with a surface (a¹) at right angles to a plane drawn at right
angles to the axis or centre line of the sorewing appliance and in part with a
surface (a) inclined to the length of such die or cutting tool. The teeth or cutting
parts (a) of the dies or cutting tools (a) may be formed either so as to form right
hand screw threads or so as to form left hand screw threads upon the articles or
objects on which they may be made to operate, and the said dies or cutting tools (a)
may be formed so as to form a single screw-thread or two or more screw-threads
upon each article or object on which they may be caused to operate.
In Figs. 2, 3, 5, 25 and 26 (f) is a collar, ring or part which surrounds the block
or holder (b) and is formed internally with faces which when the screwing appliance
is in use in the formation of a sorew-thread or screw-threads upon a bolt or stud
or other article or object form abutments or supports to prevent the dies or cutting
tcols (a) from moving away from such bolt or stud or other article or object. (9) is

page_text: a collar, ring or part to which the collar, ring or part (f) is secured. The collars,
rings or parts (f) (9) are mounted upon the barrel or socket (c) and capable of
being slidden thereon in the direction of the axis of the screwing appliance. The
collar, ring or part (f) is made capable of being turned into and secured in different
positions upon the collar, ring or part (9), a curved slot (g) being formed in the
collar, ring or part (g) and a stud (f) being secured in the collar, ring or part (f)
and made to pass through the said slot (9) and provided with a washer and a
nut () by means of which the said collar, ring or part (f) may be secured in any
required position in relation to the collar, ring or part (9). The rings, collars or
parts (f) (9) are capable of being slidden lengthwise of the barrel or socket (c)
and in order to limit the extent of the movement of such rings, collars or
parts (f) (9) in relation to the barrel or socket (o) a recess (ca) of suitable length is
formed in the barrel or socket (c) and a screw (g) of a diameter approximately
equal to the width of the recess (c³) is screwed into the ring, collar or part (9) s0
as to project into the recess (c) the internal faces (f) of the collar, ring or part (f)
are as is clearly indicated in Fig. 4 formed at equal distances from the centro lino
of the screwing appliance and made of a spiral or other form such that by the said
collar, ring or part (f) being turned into and secured in different positions upon
the collar, ring or part (g) the dies or cutters (a) may when bearing against the said
internal faces (3) with their faces (a) be adjusted or moved into and held in proper
position to act in the manner requisite upon the bolts or studs or articles or objects
to be operated upon. By means of three set screws (h) a cover (h) which may
conveniently be formed of a front plate (43) brazed into a tube (h) is secured to the
block or holder (b) so as to keep the dies or cutting tools (a), pieces (d) and
springs (e) in position therein and to exclude dirt and particles of metul from the
recesses and grooves in which the dies or cutters (a) and pieces (d) and springs (e) are
mounted and from the recesses between the collar ring or part (f) and block or holder(b)
The cover (h) is formed with a alot (4) through which a key (1) to turn the ring,
collar or part (f) in relation to the ring, collar or part (9) may be passed into a hole (f)
formed to receive it in the ring, collar or part (f). On the cover (h) at the side of
the slot (h) is formed a scale by means of which the movement of the dies or cut-
ting tools (a) caused or permitted by the ring, collar or part (f) being turned in
relation to the ring, collar or part (9) may be estimated or measured.
When the parts of the screwing appliance are in the position in which they are
indicated in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 so that the surfaces (a) of the dies or cutting tools (a)
bear against the internal faces (f³) of the collar, ring or part (f), the collar ring or
part (f) prevents the dies or cutting tools (a) from being moved outwards from
the centre line or axis of the screwing appliance by the springs (e) or by force
applied lengthwise of such dies or cutting tools (a) or by the said dies or cutting
tools (a) being made to form a screw-thread or screw threads upon an article or
object being operated upon. If the block or holder (b) and dies or cutting tools (a)
be moved lengthwise of the barrel or socket (c) in the direction indicated by the
arrow (A) through a distance such that the faces (a) of the dies or cutting tools (a)
are just taken out of contact with the edges (F) of the internal faces (f³) respect-
ively employed therewith the springs (e) will force the dies or cutting tools (a) out-
wards away from the axis or centre line of the screwing appliance, and in so doing
will cause the inclined faces (a) of the said dies or cutting tools (a) to act upon the
edges () of the said internal faces (f) and move the collars, rings or parts (f) (9)
in relation to the barrel or socket (c) in the direction opposite to that indicated by
the arrow (A). The movement of the block or holder (b) in the barrel or socket (c)
is so limited by the stud (5) and alot (c) that the block or holder (b) in being moved
in the direction indicated by the arrow (A) from the position in which it is
indicated in Fig. 2 may be moved only so far that the faces (a¹) of the dies or
cutting tools (a) are just moved out of contact with the edges (f) of the internal
faces (3) respectively employed therewith and the inclined faces (a) of such dies
or cutting tools (a) are just brought into contact with the edges (5) of the said
internal faces (f) and the movement of the collar, ring or part (9) in relation to
the barrel or sleeve (c) is so limited by the screw (9) and the recess (c) that after

page_text: the block or holder (b) has been moved in the barrel or socket (c) in the direction
indicated by the arrow (A) to the extent permitted by the stud (63) and slot (c') the
springs (e) may be able to move the dies or cutting tools (a) outwards away from
the axis of the screwing appliance to a distance sufficient or preferably somewhat
more than suflicient to allow an article or object on which a screw-thread or screw-
threads may have been formed by means of the dies or cutting tools (a) to be
withdrawn from the said dies or cutting tools (a) without being unscrewed there-
from. The movement of the collar, ring or part (g) in relation to the barrel or
socket (c) is also so limited by the screw (g) and recess (c) that the springs (e)
may not be able to move the dies or cutting tools (a) so far outwards away from the
axis of the screwing appliance as to take the inclined surfaces (a) of such dies or
cutting tools (a) out of contact with the edges (f) of the internal faces (f³) of tho
collar, ring or part (f) in conjunction with which they act.
When the screwing appliance illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the
accompanying drawings is in use in the formation of a screw-thread or screw-
threads upon an article or object, the article or object being operated upon will
continue to be screwed into or to have screwed upon it the dies or cutting tools (a)
until the movement of the said article or object in relation to the screwing
appliance or the movement of the screwing appliance in relation to the said article
or object or the relative movements of both such article or object and screwing
appliance is or are caused to cease by the part or parts which is or are moving
arriving against a suitable stop or stops provided upon any suitable part or parts of
the machine in which the screwing appliance is employed, and then the said dies
or cutting tools (a) continuing for a short time to be screwed upon or to havo
screwed between them the said article or object will be moved in the direction
iudicated by the arrow (A) and move with them the block or holder (b) so that tho.
surfaces (a) of the dies or cutting tools (a) will be moved out of contact with the
internal faces (3) in conjunction with which they act and then the dies or cutting
tools (a) will be moved outwards by the action of the springs (e) and be withdrawn
from the screw-thread or screw-threads which they have formed upon the said
article or object and in being so moved the said dies or cutting tools (a) will move
the collar, ring or part (f) and the collar, ring or part (g) upon the barrel or
socket (c) in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow (A). When the
article or object on which a screw-thread or screw-threads has or have been formed
by means of the dies or cutting tools (a) has been withdrawn from or has had
withdrawn from it the screwing appliance, the collar, ring or part (f) and the collar,
ring or part (9) are moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (A) and the
cover (h) is moved in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow (A).
The movement of the collar, ring or part (f) in the direction indicated by the
arrow (A) and the movement of the cover (h) in the direction opposite to that
indicated by the arrow (A) are accomplished by the attendant in charge of the
machine in which the screwing appliance is employed and cause the edges (f5) of
the internal faces (f³) respectively employed in conjunction with the dies or
cutting tools (a) to bear on such dies or cutting tools and press them inwards in
the block or holder (6) and eventually cause such dies or cutting tools (a) to be
moved into and held in the positions in which they are indicated in Figs. 1, 2
and 4 in readiness for a screw-thread or screw-threads to be formed thereby upon
another article or object. In the cover (h) and in the block or holder (b) are formed
channels () by which the cuttings removed by the dies or cutting tools (a) from
the articles or objects operated upon may escape from the screwing appliance. In
order that screw-threads of different lengths may be made upon different articles
or objects operated upon as may be necessary or desirable from time to time, the
stop or stops by means of which the movement of the article or object being operated
upon in relation to the screwing appliance or the movement of the screwing
appliance in relation to the said article or object-or the relative movements of both
such article or object and screwing appliance is or are caused to cease, is or are
preferably made adjustable in position or otherwise made capable of causing the
said movement or movements to cease after a greater or less change in the relative

page_text: positions of the screwing appliance and the article or object operated upon has
taken place and the said stop or stops may be mounted in any suitable manner
upon the bed or any other suitable part of the lathe or other machine in which the
screwing appliance may be used.
The screwing appliance illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 34 and 5 of the accompanying
drawings may be mounted upon the mandrel or spindle of the lathe or other machine
in which it is employed or upon tho slide rest or capstan-head or other part of
such machine as may be considered desirable. By the collar, ring or part (f) being
turned into and secured in different positions in relation to the collar, ring or
part (g) the position which the dies or cutting tools (a) occupy when their
surfaces (¹) are in contact with the internal faces (f³) of the collar, ring or part (f).
may be adjusted in order that wear of the cutting edges or parts of such dies or
cutting tools (a) may be compensated for or in order that such dies or cutting
tools may be made to form screw-threads of larger or smaller diameter upon the
articles or objects operated upon thereby. It is obvious that the three dies or
cutting tools (a) may be replaced by others as may be necessary or desirable from
time to time, for the formation of different kinds or pitches or numbers of screw-
threads on the articles or objects to be operated upon or other purposes and that the
three dies simultaneously employed must be equal in length from the cutting
edges to the surfaces (a) of such dies or cutting tools in order that their cutting
edges may act equally and in the manner requisite upon the articles or objects to
be operated upon.
•
In some cases the capstan-heads of lathes or other machines are of such height
above the saddles on which they are mounted that when screwing appliances of the
form illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are mounted in or upon such capstan-heads,
such capstan-heads can not be turned in the manner requisite unless at some parts
of the turning of such capstan-heads the said screwing appliances be removed or
moved vertically or laterally. In constructing a screwing appliance according to
my invention for uso in any such case I may conveniently employ the arrange-
ments illustrated by Figs. 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 6
is a front elevation and Fig. 7 a side elevation of the parts shown therein. In
Figs. 6 and 7 (c) is a harrel or socket which is similar to the barrel or socket (c)
illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 15, 16, and 17 and herein before described except in so far
as instead of being arranged to itself bo mounted in the mandrel or spindle or
capstan-head of the lathe or other machine in which the screwing appliance of
which such barrel or socket forms part is to be employed, the barrel or socket (c)
illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 is provided with a flange (c) by means of which it is as
I will at once proceed to further describe, connected to and made movable in
relation to a flange (j) formed upon a stem (1) adapted to be secured in the
capstan-head of the lathe or other machine in which the said screwing appliance is
to be employed. The flange (c) is connected to the flange (1) by means of q
stud (k) and nut (k), a washer being placed between the nut (k) and the flange (³),
and the flange (c) is made capable of being turned upon the said stud (). In
order to limit the turning of the flange (a) upon the stud (k) a stud () is secured
in the flange () and arranged so that when the bottom of a recess (c) formed in
the flange (3) bears against such stud (3) the screwing appliance of which the
barrel or socket (c) forms part shall be in proper position to be brought by the
turning of the said capstan-head opposite to and made to act upon the article or
object on which it may be required to operate. The stud (3) also serves to prevent
the flange (c) and the screwing appliance mounted thereon from being turned out
of position by the articles or objects being operated upon. In order that when
brought into position to act upon an article or object to be operated upon thereby
the said screwing appliance may be held firmly in proper position the flange (c)
is provided with projections (c) (c) and a groove (0) interlocking or engaging with
a corresponding groove (3) and projection (*) with which the flange () is pro-
vided so as to bind the said flanges (c) (j') firmly together when the flunge (3)
bears against the stud (³).
A screwing appliance constructed according to my invention may be made with

page_text: two or three or more dies or cutting tools as may be considered desirable in any
particular case and the mode of constructing an appliance according to my inven-
tion with two or four or more dies or cutting tools will be obvious without further
description from the preceding description and the accompanying drawings.
Although the dies or cutting tools (a) of the screwing appliance illustrated in
Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings are arranged to respectively
move in the block or holder (b) in which they are mounted in the directions of lines
radiating from the axis or centre line of such block or holder it is obvious that the
dies or cutting tools of a screwing appliance constructed according to my invention
80 long as they are arranged to be capable of being moved in straight lines parallel
to a plane at right angles to the axis of the screwing appliance and parallel to
lines radiating from the axis of the screwing appliance into and out of position
for acting upon articles or objects may be arranged to be moved in the direction of
lines not radiating exactly from the axis of the screwing appliance.
The arrangement of dies or cutting tools (a) and sliding pieces (d) illustrated in
the accompanying drawings is very convenient in practice and enables the dies
or cutting tools to he readily formed from steel in the form of bars but it is obvious
that in cases in which it may be considered preferable the springs employed in
conjunction with the dies or cutting tools may be arranged to bear directly against
such dies or cutting tools.
It is obvious that so long as the ends of the dies or cutting tools employed in a
screwing appliance constructed according to my invention which bear against the
internal faces of the collar, ring or part and the said internal faces are formed so
that when certain parts of the ends of such dies or cutting tools are in contact with
the said internal faces the dies or cutting tools shall be held in position to operate
upon an article or object and the bringing of other parts of the said ends of the dies
or cutting tools into contact with the edges or other parts of the said internal faces
shall permit the said dies or cutting tools to move the said collar, ring or part so
that such dies or cutting tools may release an article or object operated upon and
be afterwards replaced into position to operate upon an article or object by the said
internal faces and the ends of the dies or cutting tools being made to act upon each
other by the holder in which the dies or cutting tools are mounted and the said
collar, ring or part being moved in relation to each other in the manner hereinbefore
described the ends of the dies or cutting tools and the internal faces which are
to work together may be formed in modes other than that hereinbefore described.
It is also obvious that although the stud and slot form convenient means to
enable the ring, collar or part provided with internal faces to bear against the
dies or cutting tools employed in a screwing appliance constructed according to
my invention and the collar, ring or part on which such collar, ring or part with
internal faces is mounted to be scoured in different relative positions other suitable
means such for instance as set screws screwed into the ring, collar or part with
internal faces and made to pass through slots in the other ring, collar or part may
be employed for the said purpose.
Screwing appliances constructed according to my invention may be made of any
desirable size and besides being made by the action of automatic devices, to release
the bolts or studs or other articles or objects operated upon as soon as they have
been screwed or formed with screw-threads of the length desired and thus to permit
such bolts or studs or other articles or objects to be withdrawn without being
unscrewed therefrom are simple in construction and cheap to maintain in working
condition and capable of being readily adjusted to compensate for the wear of the
dies or cutting tools employed or for operating on studs or bolts or other articles
or objects of different sizes and are also capable of being adjusted to form screws of
any degree of accuracy in diameter which it may be desirable to form and may be
employed when it may be requisite to do so to form scrows of different sizes on
different parts of the articles or objects operated upon. When screwing appliances
mude according to my invention are like that illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of
the accompanying drawings made with unobstructed central passages through
which the articles or objects being operated upon may pass, they may be used in the

page_text: formation of screws of any requisite length without requiring any alterations to
be made in the internal arrangements or adjustments.
The provision of means enabling the dies or cutting tools employed to be adjusted
in position enables such dies or cutting tools to be recut when worn and in some
cases enables such dies or cutting tools to be once or oftener re-cut for use in the
formation of screws of one size and then afterwards re-cut again once or oftener
for use in the formation of screws of a larger size or larger sizes.
In some cases in which in order to construct screwing appliances according to
my invention which shall be still simpler than that illustrated in the accompany-
ing drawings I may dispense with the provisions herein before described as being
employed to enable the dies or cutting tools to be adjusted in position, in which
cases the dies or cutting tools when worn will need to be replaced by others.
When the dies or cutters employed in a screwing appliance constructed according
to my invention are in operation and forming a screw-thread upon a bolt or stud
or other article or object, the said dies or cutters bearing against the internal faces
in the ring, collar or part provided to act in conjunction with such dies or cutters
are firmly and solidly supported and held in proper position by the said internal
faces and are so enabled to properly act upon the bolt or stud or other article or
object being operated upon.
Furthermore by arranging the dies or cutting tools employed in screwing
appliances constructed according to my invention so that they are capable of being
slidden lengthwise in the blocks or holders in which they are mounted I enable
such dies or cutting tools when moved to release the articles or objects on which
screw-threads have been formed thereby to pass out of engagement with the screw-
threads formed on such articles or objects without being turned through arcs in
relation to and so injuring the screw-threads formed upon such articles or objects.
In some screwing appliances hitherto constructed to enable the articles or objects
operated upon to be released by the action of automatic appliances the dies or
cutting tools have been arranged to turn through ares in releasing the articles or
objects on which screw-threads have been formed aud consequently have injured
the screw-threads upon such articles or objects in releasing them.
Screwing appliances made according to iny invention may be held stationary
while the bolts or studs or other articles or objects to be operated upon are caused
to revolve, or such appliances may be caused to revolve while operating upon such
bolts or studs or other articles or objects.
As is clearly indicated by the accompanying drawings screwing appliances con-
structed according to my invention may be made free from any parts projecting so
as to be dangerous in any way when such screwing appliances are caused to
revolve.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A tool or appliance for forming screw threads in a lathe or screwing machine
constructed substantially as hereinbefore described and comprising the following
parts namely: (1) A group of thread cutting dies mounted in a block and held
in working position by a ring against the pressure of releasing springs; (2) A
block for mounting the said cutting dies with their releasing springs capable of
longitudinal motion in order to release the said dies from the embrace of the
confining ring; (3) A ring sliding on the block for confining the said dies and
holding them up to their work; and (4) Sloping faces or other reacting parts upon
the outer ends of the cutting dies for the purpose of enabling the confining ring to
slide over the dies and bring them into working position by so doing.
2. In a screw cutting tool such as described in the preceding claim the use of
a confining ring (f) provided with cam surfaces for the purpose of adjusting the
position of the cutting dies to compensate for wear or otherwise.
3. In a screw cutting tool having an external ring sliding on the block in which

page_text: the dies are mounted the use of dies provided with sloping or otherwise reacting
faces at their outer edges whereby the said cutting dies may be brought into
working position by the mere closure of the tool.
4. In a screw cutting tool of the kind referred to in the third claim the com-
bination with the outting die (a) formed as hereinbefore described of the holder (d)
for connecting the said die with the releasing spring substantially as herein before
described.
5. In a screw outting tool of the kind referred to in the third claim the use of the
block (b) hollowed in order to allow the screw in process of formation to pass along
its axis and serving to mount the screw cutting die (a) in combination with the
confining ring (f) by which the cutting dies are held in working position the said
block and ring being capable of longitudinal motion one upon the other for the
purpose of releasing the cutting dies from the embrace of the ring and throwing
them out of action.
6. The use with screw cutting tools of the kind claimed in the preceding claims
of the device shewn in Figs. 6 and 7 as and for the purposes described.
Dated this Thirty first dev of December 1807
HOWARD CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.