Improvements in and connected with the Jointing of Pipes or Tubes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 16th July: 1896-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Jointing of Pipes
or Tubes.
I, JAMES WOOLLEY WYLES of Clematis Villa, Hermon Hill, South Woodford,
in the County of Essex Contractor do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in and connected with the jointing of
pipes or tubes, and has for its object the attainment of a perfect gas and fluid tight
joint, which is simple, and easily manipulated, and by the general construction,
compensates the slight errors of alignment which cannot be avoided in laying
extensive systems of pipes or tubes. Also the component parts forming the joint
according to my said invention are substances or bodies possessing the same, or
approximately the same, co-efficient of expansion, so that a fracture or rupture of
any joint or section of the pipe or tube cannot be caused by variation of the
atmospheric temperature.
In carrying my invention into effect I employ a coned spigot upon one end of a
length of pipe or tube. The socket into which said spigot is placed when the
joint is to be made, is also conical, or internally tapered, allowing a clear space
between them for the insertion of the substance or material for jointing. One or
more small lugs or one V lug, always to be at the bottom of the socket, may be
formed upon the interior surface of the tapered socket for the purpose of keeping
the spigot aforesaid approximately in a central position within the socket whilst
the operation of jointing is carried out. A gruminet, wad, resilient collar or any
equivalent device is threaded upon the spigot before it is placed within the socket.
The coned or tapered socket is shouldered at the bottom so that the end of the
spigot abuts against it.
The surfaces of the male cone of the spigot and the female cone of the socket
are undercut by V grooves or corrugations for the better retention of the filling
substance or material. This latter may be liquid cement, puzzolana, and blue lias
lime, or a combination of any mineral substance with cement, or I may use any
plastic material, substance or compound which is liquified by heat, and applied in
a semi fluid or viscous state, and which is impervious when cold and possesses more
or less resiliency.
The bore of the pipes or tubes are coincident so as to form a parallel bore
throughout the straight sections of the system of pipes or tubes, and thus prevent
choking by the accumulation of detritus or other matter around or against a butt
caused by false alignment.
.
As an alternative device I may construct the socket with a female cone, or
inverse taper as herein before described, using the same construction of spigot, but
dispensing with the shoulder, and in jointing allowing the spigot to find its own fit
in the socket afterwards filling in the intervening space as hereinbefore described.
As a slight abutment cannot be avoided in this case, it is preferable to lay the
pipes in such a manner as always to present a socket end in the direction of the
flow.
In both cases I may dispense with the cement or other filling, and substitute
therefor an india rubber ring or a ring of other elastic material or composition,
placing this upon the spigot, and causing it to be compressed by the insertion of
this into the tapered socket, where it is firmly held in position against interior

page_text: fluid or gas pressure by its engagement with the grooves or corrugations before
described.
My invention is applicable to systems of drain, water, gas or ventilating pipes,
and also especially to chemical works, distilleries, paper mills and like manu-
factories, and by using any kind of suitable filling, or an elastic ring, may be
adapted to hot water, low pressure steam, or heated air or liquid systems of pipes
or tubes. I do not confine myself to any particular kind of tube or pipe, the
substance of which may be of metal, earthenware, or vitrite, the essential feature
of my said invention being the construction and arrangement of the spigot and
socket and the interposed filling or ring as herein set forth.
Dated this 27th of March 1896
FREDK.
WALKER,
73 St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, E.,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Jointing of Pipes
or Tubes.
I, JAMES WOOLEY WYLES, of Clematis Villa, Hermon Hill, South Woodford
in the County of Essex, Contractor do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in and connected with the jointing of
pipes or tubes, and has for its object the attainment of a perfect gas and fluid-
tight joint, which is of simple formation and is easily manipulated, and by the
general construction is arranged to compensate the comparatively slight errors of
alignment which are unavoidable in laying extensive systems of pipes or tubes.
Also the component parts forming the joint according to my said invention are of
substances or bodies possessing the same, or approximately the same co-efficient of
expansion, so that a fracture or rupture of any joint or section of the pipe or tube
cannot be caused by variation of the atmospheric temperature.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I have appended the
accompanying sheet of drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the joint, and
Figure 2 is an end elevation showing lugs or distance pieces attached to or
formed upon the spigot, Figure 3 being a similar end elevation of a socket
showing said lugs or distance pieces fitted upon, or formed upon the interior of said
socket in lieu of the foregoing device.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of a modification.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several
views.
. In carrying my invention into effect I employ a conèd spigot A, Figure 1,
upon one end of a pipe or tube P. The socket B into which said spigot
is placed when the joint is to be made, is also conical, or internally tapered,
allowing a clear space between them for the insertion or injection of the substance
or material for jointing, shown by d Figure 1. One or more small lugs or distance
pieces a Figure 2, are attached to or formed upon the spigot, or upon the interior
of the socket, as at 6 Figure 3, or one lug may be used in either case, always
placed so as to be at the bottom or lowest surface of the joint for maintaining the
jointing space, and also facilitating the better alignment of the pipes or tubes
without deterioration of the required air or fluid tight joint as aforesaid; the
bores or central oritices being coincident. A grummet c or wad, or a collar of any
resilient material, or any equivalent device is threaded upon the spigot A before

page_text: it is placed within the socket B. The conèd or tapered socket B is shouldered at
the bottom, S, so that the end of the spigot A abuts against it. The surfaces of
the male cone of the spigot A, and the corresponding female cone of the socket B
are undercut by V grooves as shown, or are otherwise corrugated for the better
retention of the filling substance or material d. This latter may be liquid cement,
puzzolana and blue lias lime, or a combination of any mineral substance with
cement; or I may use any plastic material, substance or compound which is
capable of liquefaction by heat and may be applied in a fluid, semi-fluid or viscous
state, and which is impervious when cold and possesses more or less resiliency.
Any compound with a bitumenous base, or a bitumenous substance may be used.
The bore of the pipes or tubes P are coincident, so as to form a parallel bore
throughout the straight portions of the system, and thus prevents choking by the
accumulation of detritus or other matter around or against a "butt" caused by false
alignment.
As an alternative device, or modification of the foregoing, I may construct the
socket B, Figure 4, with a female cone or inverse taper as hereinbefore described,
using the same construction of the spigot A but dispensing with the shoulder S as
shown by Figure 1, and in making the joint allowing said spigot A to find its own
bearing within the socket B, afterwards filling in the intervening space d in the
manner before described. As a slight abutment cannot in this case be avoided, it
is preferable to lay the pipes in such a manner as always to present a socket end B
in the direction of the flow as represented by the arrows.
In both cases I may dispense with the cement, bitumenous, or other filling and
substitute therefor an india rubber ring c Figure 4, or ring of any other elastic
material or compound, placing this upon the spigot A as shown, and causing it to
be compressed by the insertion of said spigot A into the socket B, where it is firmly
held in position against interior fluid or gas pressure by reason of its engagement
with the grooves or corrugations hereinbefore described.
My invention is applicable to systems of drain, water, gas, or ventilating pipes or
tubes, and especially to the requirements of chemical works, distilleries, paper mills
and like manufactories, and by the judicious employment of any of the kinds of
filling herein enumerated, or elastic rings, may be adapted to hot water, low
pressure steam, heated air, or systems of pipes or tubes for conveying liquids or
semi liquids. I do not confine myself to any particular kind of tube or pipe, the
substance of which may be of metal, earthenware or vitrite.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention, and in what
mauner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I claim is ;
First. In jointing pipes or tubes, the combination of parts arranged substantially
as herein described and for the purposes specified with reference to the accom-
panying sheet of drawings.
Second. In an improved method of and means for jointing pipes and tubes, the
combination of a tapered spigot A and tapered socket B, having setrated or
corrugated surfaces, and a shoulder S, with a grummet or equivalent c and
filling d substantially as herein described with reference to the drawings hereto
appended.
Third. In an improved joint for pipes or tubes, the construction and employment
of a tapered spigot A with one or more lugs or distance pieces a substantially as
and for the purposes herein described with reference to Figure 2 of the appended
drawings.
Fourth. In au improved joint for pipes or tubes, the construction and employ-
ment of a tapered socket B with one or more interiorly projecting lugs b
substantially as and for the purposes herein described with reference to Figure 3
of the appended drawings.
Fifth. In an improved method of, and means for jointing pipes and tubes, the
construction and employment of a tapered socket B, without a shoulder, in
combination with a tapered spigot A, both having serrated or corrugated surfaces

page_text: substantially as and for the purposes- berein described with especial reference to
Figure 4 of the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Sixth. In an improved method of and means for jointing pipes and tubes, the
combination of a tapered spigot with an internally tapered socket, both having
grooved, serrated or corrugated opposing surfaces, with a clear intervening space
with an elastic ring or collar, substantially as and for the purposes herein described
with reference to the appended drawings.
Seventh. In an improved method of and means for jointing pipes and tubes, the
combination of a tapered spigot with an internally tapered socket, both having
grooved, serrated or corrugated opposing surfaces with a clear intervening space
filled in with a material or substance having a cement or bitumenous base sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein described with reference to the appended
drawings.
1000
FREDK. WALKER,
73 St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, London, E.,
Agent for the Applicant.