Improvements in Wood-working Machines for Trimming, Mitring, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 12th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wood-working Machines for Trimming, Mitring,
and the like.
I EDWARD WILSON of Crow Trees Horsforth near Leeds in the County of
York Pattern Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention refers to that class of wood working machines employed for
trimming, mitring and the like purposes, and has for its chief objects to obtain a
longer continuous cut, to lessen the labour or power required in such machines by
arranging that the pull of the ratchet lever shall be in the same direction as the
traverse of the cutter, and to facilitate the holding of the wood by the operator
during the cutting operation.
A machine constructed in accordance with my invention comprises: A bed plate
or frame on which the work is placed and generally held by hand during the
cutting. Two end standards carry a guide bar for guiding the cutter or cutter
frame, where a frame is used, the standards being connected or tied together by the
said guide bar. A traversing carriage movable in slides or guides arranged on the
underside of the bed plate, and carrying the cutter or cutter frame. A rack
attached to or cast on the underside of the bed plate, or arranged at some distance
below the underside of the bed plate. A pair of toothed wheels mounted on short
spindles fitting in bearings formed in the sides of the traversing carriage. One of
the said wheels gears with the before mentioned rack and also with the other.
wheel, the spindle of which is actuated by ratchet mechanism, the latter being so
arranged by means of a throw over pawl or other device, so that the said spindle
can be operated in the one direction or the other. The object of this arrangement
of two wheels is to lessen the labour or power required to work the machine, as the
pull of the operator on the lever of the ratchet mechanism is thereby made in the
direction of the traverse of the cutter.
as to run
I employ preferably a cutter of special shape, to wit a triangle or truncated
triangle with the base uppermost. The inclined sides are not continued up to what
-would have been the apex of the said triangle, but are diverted so
parallel, the whole looked at from the front or back appearing as an inverted
truncated triangle, with the apex portion replaced by a square or rectangle. The
bevelled cutting edges only extend the length of the inclined sides, the square or
rectangular portion being throughout of the full or about the full thickness of the
metal. The steel cutter is attached by a bolt or bolts or screw or screws to the
traversing carriage at this rectangular portion, which is accurately fitted between
side cheeks cast on or otherwise attached to the traversing carriage. The object.
of this shape is to ensure a downward direction of the pressure of the cutter on the
wood, so that there is less strain required from the operators hand to hold the work
in position during the cutting. It will be understood that the cutter is preferably
formed solid in one piece of the shape above mentioned, though if desired a frame
of the above shape may be employed, the cutters being attached to the inclined
sides in ordinary manner.
A second improved arrangement of cutter which I may employ instead of that
above mentioned, consists in mounting the ratchet spindle and gear wheel above
the rack gear wheel, (with an intermediate gear wheel or wheels if necessary), and-

page_text: on the ratchet spindle I mount a circular cutter, which rotates with the ratchet
wheel. By this means I obtain a slicing action of the cutter, and the centre of the
circular cutter is so high with respect to the work, that the resultant pressure of
the cutter on the work is in a downward direction.
Fences for setting the work to any desired angle are provided at both ends of
the machine, and in my improved construction are provided with horizontal curve
pieces or quadrants, the above mentioned standards being formed with corresponding
curved recesses or slot holes at the base, in which the said quadrants fit capable of
moving, the quadrants and consequently fences being secured in position by means
of thumb or set screws.
When the rack is arranged below the rack gear wheel, the second gear wheel is-
dispensed with, and the ratchet mechanism fitted to the spindle of the rack gear
wheel. This arrangement of the rack ensures the condition desired, that the pull
of the ratchet lever shall be in the same direction as the traverse of the cutter.
The top rail or guide bar may be provided with holding down screws for thin.
material. For cleaning the edges of half lap joints a much shallower cutter is
employed.
Dated this 16th day of February 1894.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
2, East Parade, Leeds, Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in Wood-working Machines for Trimming, Mitring;
and the like.
I, EDWARD WILSON of Crow Trees Feather Bank Horsforth near Leeds
Yorkshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of these improvements is to obtain in trimming and mitreing machines,
a long and practically an unlimited lateral cut, instead of a stroke of a hand lever
moving through a small arc of a circle, usual in such machines.
Another object is to obtain a variable speed of the cutting knives proportioned
to the thickness or hardness of the material operated upon.
Still another object is to have such an arrangement of guides or fences that it
shall be possible to make all angle cuts usually required simultaneously and without
altering or re-setting the guides or fences.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of this machine.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of this machine.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of an alternative arrangement.
Fig. 4 is an end view of the alternative arrangement.
Fig. 5 is a plan view with end bracket D in section and shewing the markings
for angles on bed plate.
Fig. 6 is a plan view shewing the arrangement of the machine for right and
left hand inside mitres (that is less than 90°) and right and left hand outside.
mitres (greater than 90°).
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the end of lever or handle, notched wheel in which
it works, and driving toothed wheel to which it is attached.
Fig. 8 is an elevation of the mitre fence or guide marked O on plan view of
Fig. 6.
Fig
are diagrams shewing the slow and quick speed arrangement of knife
carriage E, the middle speed being shewn on the elevation of Fig. 3,

page_text: To accomplish the objects stated I arrange the machine as follows.
-In Fig. 1 and 3 the fixed portions consist of a bed plate A. B., on the extreme
ends of which are fixed 2 brackets C and D supporting a top rail H or H¹.
The brackets C and D also form in their base a circular slot guide for the
quadrant arm attached to the mitre fences or guides F and G.
In Fig. 1 is shewn the arrangement in which the knife carriage moves in' V* on
the under side of the bed plate, by means of a rack fixed the whole length of the
machine between the V.
In Fig. 3 this rack is part of the top rail H and also the full length of the top
rail. In this arrangement the knife carriage moves in grooves in bed plate and top
rail as shewn in Fig. 4.
The parts in motion consist of the knife slide or carriage E or E' with studs or
spindles, for the wheels which gear into the rack as shewn. The whole is set in
motion by a lever or handle working into a notched wheel as shewn.
In Fig. 9 is shewn the means of altering the speed of the knives or carriage
slide, the driving wheel J being larger or smaller as required, the difference being
compensated by an intermediate wheel.
The lever or handle at the upper end is made the usual shape with a slot hole in
which is inserted a handle when the long lateral motion is required.
At its lower end shewn in Fig. 7 is shewn the forked end and the square pin
which fits into the notches of the wheel J. Both the driving wheel to which is
attached the notched wheel and the lever, work on the stud S or spindle S¹ but the
lever has a slotted hole by means of which it is withdrawn from the notch and
re-inserted as may be required. The lever thus designed permits of motion
laterally in either direction or of instant release for a return or repeated stroke.
:.
When the lever is thus released the knife carriage may be moved rapidly by a
simple pull of the lever in the desired direction.
The machine is worked as follows. The fences or guides being set as desired,
the knife carriage is moved back the distance required by the work to be cut, the
lever allowed to fall by its own weight into the notched wheel, is drawn over
towards the workman, who stands at the end of the machine at which is his work.
If it is desired to continue the cut, this is either done by the handle placed in the
lever, or the lever is drawn out of the notched wheel placed as far back as the arm
can conveniently reach and re-inserted in the notch again until the operation is
completed.
It will thus be seen that the whole length of the bed between the brackets C
and D is available for cutting, as the knife slide in Fig. 3 (but not in Fig. 1)
moves clear of the opening space between F and G.
Each of the four fences or guides are adjustible.
fences F and G have an adjustment from 0° to 90°.
from 90 to 135°. The fences F and G return to the
closed.
The right and left hand
The middle ones O move
square angle or 90° when
In Fig. 6 2 fences are shewn set at 45° or inside mitres and 2 others set to 135°
or outside mitres.
The machine throughout is constructed of cast or wrot iron with the lighter
parts subjected to wear made of cast steel, all accurately planed and fitted to
ensure a clean and accurate slicing cut at any desired angle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. An unlimited longitudinal traverse obtained by a fixed rack the whole length
of the machine, into which a wheel or train of wheels is geared, moved by a lever
or handle on the knife carriage and moving along with it.
II. A lever and notched wheel as shewn or the notches may be on the lever and
the projections on the wheel,

page_text: III. The arrangement practically as shewn for varying the speed of the cutting
knives and equalizing the strength of the workman to heavy or light cuts.
IV. The combination and arrangement shewn in Fig. 6 & 8¹ by which various
angles may be cut simultaneously without altering or resetting the machine.
Dated this 12th day of November 1894.
EDWARD WILSON.