Improvements in the Mounting of the Container in Centrifugal Separators and similar Centrifugal Machines on its Spindle.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in the Mounting of the Container in Centrifugal
Separators and similar Centrifugal Machines on its Spindle.
We MIKAEL PEDERSEN Teacher, and JENS NIELSEN Manufacturer both residing
at Roskilde Denmark do hereby declare the nature of this Invontion to be as
follows:
In the mounting of the rotating container in centrifugal separators, hydro-
extractors and similar centrifugal machines the attention has heretofore been
directed to bring the centre of gravity of the whole container and its contents
as much as possible into its axis of rotation and in order to counteract the effect
of the irregularity that still might remain in that respect, that bearing of the
spindle which is nearest to the container has been made feathering or elastic by
means of an India rubber ring or otherwise.
But no endeavour has heretofore also been made to bring the centre of gravity
for each single zone of the container with its contents (which zones may be imagined
to be produced by sections vertical to the axis of rotation) into the axis of rotation
or at least cause the centre of gravity for these zones to be so situated relatively
to the axis of rotation that they counteract each other and that consequently no
torsion of the container on its spindle around a line vertical to its axis of rotation
takes place, as for instance will be the case when the upper part of the container
with its contents overbalances to one side while the lower part of the container
with its contents overbalances just as much to the diametrically opposite side. It
will be understood that the thus produced torsion of the container on its spindle in
the constructions heretofore proposed will be transferred to the spindle and thereby
produce lateral pressure in its bearings, which both will act injuriously on these
and on the spindle and make the machine heavier to work.
In the improved arrangement of centrifugal container herein to be described,
this defect is completely avoided, so that the machine becomes much lighter to
work, easier and cheaper to keep in repair, causes less vibration and works inore
noiselessly. The quicker the machine works the quieter will it run. Besides these
advantages the improvement will however also make the machine cheaper to make
and easier to manipulate.
The improved arrangement consists mainly in mounting the centrifugal container
perfectly loosely without any means of connection on the top of the container spindle

page_text: but with suitable and by preference elastic means for controlling the container
when the machine is not in motion or does not work at a sufficiently high speed.
During the rotation the container will then automatically place itself in the most
advantageous manner or position relatively to its spindle, so that the aforesaid
torsions and lateral pressure are quite avoided.
The top of the spindle ends in a half ball which in conjunction with a corre-
sponding recess in the upwardly recessed bottom of the container forms a ball and
socket joint around which the container can turn to all sides within certain limits.
In order to steady or support the container when the machine is at rest or has not
a sufficiently high speed we provide a ring of India rubber or other suitable elastic
material, which ring is placed in a corresponding bearing formed in a flange near
the top of the spindle. The neck bearing or the bearing nearest to the container is
made feathering or elastic in the usual manner by means of an India rubber or
other elastic ring within the bearing in the fixed standard of the machine. The
other or step bearing of the spindle may be of any known suitable construction.
Or the spindle may be cut off more or less square at the top and covered with
an India rubber cap or sock on and around which the container fits. Or the bottom
of the container may if desired be cut off here altogether in which case the top of
the spindle is made more or less as a truncated cone.

page_text: Improvements in the Mounting of the Container in Centrifugal
Separators and similar Centrifugal Machines on its Spindle.
We, MIKAEL PEDERSEN, Teacher, and JENS NIELSEN Manufacturer, both residing
at Roskilde Denmark do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In the mounting of the rotating container in centrifugal separators hydro-
extractors and similar centrifugal machines the attention has heretofore been
directed to bring the centre of gravity of the whole container and its contents
as much as possible into its axis of rotation and in order to counteract the effect
of the irregularity that still might remain in that respect, that bearing of the
spindle which is nearest to the container has been made feathering or elastic by
means of an India rubber ring or otherwise.
But no endeavour has heretofore also been made to bring the centre of gravity
for each single zone of the container with its contents (which zones may be imagined
to be produced by sections vertical to the axis of rotation) into the axis of rotation
or at least to cause the centres of gravity for these zones to be so situated relatively
to the axis of rotation that they counteract each other and that consequently no
torsion or bending of the container on its spindle around a line vertical to its axis
of rotation takes place, as for instance will be the case when the upper part of
the container with its contents overbalances to one side while the lower part of
the container with its contents overbalances just as much to the diametrically
opposite side. It will be understood that the thus produced effect of the container
on its spindle in the constructions heretofore proposed will be transferred to the
spindle and thereby produce lateral pressure in its bearings, which both will act
injuriously on these and on the spindle and make the machine heavier to work.
In the improved arrangement of centrifugal container with vertical spindle
herein to be described, this defect is completely avoided, so that the machine
becomes much lighter to work, easier and cheaper to keep in repair, causes less
vibration and works more noiselessly. The quicker the machine works the quieter
will it run. Besides these advantages the improvement will however also make
the machine cheaper to make and easier to manipulate.
The improved arrangement consists mainly in mounting the centrifugal container
perfectly loosely without any means of connection on the top of the container
spindle During the rotation the container will then automatically place itself in
the most advantageous manner or position relatively to its spindle, so that the
aforesaid torsion or bending and lateral pressure are quite avoided.
In the accompanying drawing we show an example of this mode of mounting the
centrifugal container, in vertical section through the centre of the spindle.
The top of the spindle a ends in a half ball which in conjunction with a corre-
sponding recess in the upwardly recessed bottom of the container 6 forms a ball
and socket joint around which the container can turn to all sides within certain
limits. The neck bearing d or the bearing nearest to the container is made

page_text: feathering or elastic in the usual manner by means of an India rubber or other
elastic ring e within the bearing in the fixed standard f of the machine. The other
or step bearing of the spindle may be of any known suitable construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
In centrifugal separators, hydro-extractors and similar centrifugal machines with
vertical spindle the application of the centrifugal container loosely on the top of
the spindle, so that the container or drum is only carried along with the spindle by
friction,
MIKAEL PEDERSEN.
JENS NIELSEN.