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Year: 1895

page_text: neing date
HIST
United States of America)
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 28th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 28th Jan., 1895-Accented, 16th Mar., 1895
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 28th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 28th Jan., 1895-Accented, 16th Mar., 1895
Improvem
I, DANIEL PEDRO FERRO CARDOzo, Doctor of Science of the University of
Brussels and Architect of the School of Architecture of Paris, at present residing
at No. 321 Second Avenue, New York City, New York, U.S.A., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention is in general applicable for the evaporation, concentration_or
drying of various material, but is more especially intended to effect the concentration
of saline and saccharine solutions, for the manufacture of salt and sugar.
In my improved apparatus I effect the heating and evaporation of the solution
by a current of hot air which is conducted through a pipe or passage way preferably
flat and relatively wide with reference to its thickness, immersed in a quantity of
the solution in the bottom of the tank or apparatus, but having its end opening
above the surface of the liquid. Above such accumulation of liquid are arranged
a series of open flat pans under and over which the current of hot air is caused to
The hot air therefore heats the solution in
pass in a sinuous or to and fro course.
the bottom of the tank by radiation and convection from the pipe or passage way
passing through the solution and also by the contact of the hot air with the surface
of the solution. The series of open pans are also respectively heated by the hot
air passing in contact with their bottoms and in contact with the surfaces of the
solution therein. At the same time active evaporation is promoted by the passage
of the current of air across and in contact with the surfaces of the solution. The
pans may be of any desired number and are preferably arranged one above another
in horizontal or substantially horizontal planes within a rectangular tank or casing
This tank is con-
from which the air is finally discharged into the atmosphere.
structed with closely fitting hinged side doors by which access may be had to the
bottom of the tank, and to the several pans, for the removal of the precipitated or
crystallized salt, sugar etc. I prefer that each pan shall be provided with an
overflow pipe to deliver the excess of any solution in any one pan to the pan next
beneath it, and finally to the bottom of the tank.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the apparatus, and
Figure 2 a transverse section.
The tank or casing is marked A, B, C, D. X are the frames or supports that
carry the open pans I, arranged one above another, and the adjoining pans having
their respective opposite ends abutting against opposite walls of the casing, the
passage ways a, b, c, being left between the other ends of the pans and the walls of

page_text: the casing. y y y indicate the overflow pipes in the pans, and G the thin flat pipe
or passage for the introduction of the hot air at the bottom of the tank. This pipe
enters one side of the casing and extends approximately to the other side, where it
curves or turns upwardly so that its mouth G' is above the solution in the bottom
of the tank, and delivers the hot air against or parallel with the surface of the
solution. Z indicates the supply pipe for delivering the solution to be treated into
the upper pan. H indicates hinged side portions that permit access to the pans and
tank. The construction being of great simplicity will readily be understood. The
supply of solution delivered at Z is of course regulated to the volume and tem-
perature of the hot air so that the accumulation of solution in the bottom of the
tank will never overflow into the pan mouth G' of the hot air passage. The air is
delivered to the pipe G from any suitable furnace or apparatus and if desired in
order to promote a more efficient evaporation, the air may have been treated to
remove moisture therefrom by passing it through chloride of lime or other hydro-
scopic medium. The arrows indicate the direction of the current of hot air and
the operation will be plain from the foregoing description. From time to time,
the doors H may be opened and the precipitated or crystalized salt, sugar etc.,
removed therefrom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination of the casing, the hot air pipe entering the side, extending
across and opening above the bottom thereof, and a series of open pans or
receptacles arranged above the mouth or opening of the hot air pipe with
passage ways between the opposite ends of adjoining pans and the walls of the
casing, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination of a tank, a flat hot air pipe entering one side thereof,
extending approximately to the opposite side and then having its end curved
upwardly so that its discharge mouth delivers the hot air therefrom horizontally,
or substantially so, a series of open pans arranged above the hot air pipe, and
passage ways between the opposite ends of adjoining pans and the walls of the
tank, each pan being provided with an overflow pipe to deliver an excess of solution
therein to the pan next below it, and finally to the bottom of the tank, the discharge
month of the hot air pipe being arranged under the lower pan at the side of the
casing opposite the passage way, between the pan and the wall of the casing, and a
supply pipe for delivering the regulated quantity of solution to the upper pan.
3. The organization of evaporating apparatus constructed and operating sub-
stantially as shown in the drawing.
Dated this 18th day of January 1895.“
DANIEL PEDRO FERRO CARDOZO.