Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 8th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines.
We FREDERIC WILLIAM THOMPSON of Carr Field, Luddenden, near
Halifax, in the County of York, Engineer, ALFRED YATES, of Carr Terrace,
Luddenden, aforesaid, Engineer, JOSEPH PICKLES BINNS, Engineer, 38, Cavendish
Terrace West Hill Park Halifax Yorkshire, and HENRY GREENWOOD BINNS,
Draughtsman, 38, Cavendish Terrace West Hill Park Halifax, Yorkshire, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Firstly. The employment of an arrangement for starting engine also timing the
ignition while working. We place a compresser in the vicinity of the ignition tube
and by the use of the said compresser the explosive gas in the red hot ignition tube
is compressed untill it explodes and the flame is allowed to escape through a small
passage into compression chamber thereby the whole charge is ignited.
Secondly. To make the motion of inlet valve into cylinder of gas engine and
inlet valve of vaporizer in oil engines positive, we use an eccentric or crank pin
with bell crank lever under the control of a pendulum governor.
Thirdly. The employment of a vacuum valve to prevent part of an explosive
charge being drawn into cylinder or a vacuum being formed.
Fourthly. The use of hot air instead of cold so that a more uniform heat is
attained, causing the engine to be more powerfull.
Fifthly. The regulating of the air supply by the partly turning round of the inlet
valve plug with hole inside opposite air passage, thereby making the opening larger
or smaller as desired.
Dated this 29th day of January 1894
JOSEPH PICKLES BINNS.
HENRY GREENWOOD BINNS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines.
We, FREDERIC WILLIAM THOMPSON, of Carr Field, Luddenden, near
Halifax, in the County of York, Engineer, ALFRED YATES, of Carr Terrace,
Luddenden, aforesaid, Engineer, JOSEPH PICKLES BINNS, of 38 Cavendish
Terrace, West Hill Park, Halifax, Yorkshire, Engineer, and HENRY GREENWOOD
BINNS, of 38 Cavendish Terrace, West Hill Park, Halifax, Yorkshire, Draughtsman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Firstly. The employment of an arrangement for starting engine, also timing the
ignition while working. We place a compressor in the vicinity of the ignition
tube, and by the use of the said compressor the explosive gas in the red hot
ignition tube is compressed, until it explodes and the flame is allowed to escape
through a small passage into compression chamber thereby the whole charge is
ignited.
This part of our invention is shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 where the former is a
sectional elevation and the latter sectional plan. A represents the ignition
chamber of a gas engine and B the ignition tube. In combination with these

page_text: parts, we employ another chamber or cylinder C provided with a piston or
compressor D. The position of this piston can be regulated to increase or lessen
the area of space C by means of screw E nut F and hand wheel G the rotary
motion of the said hand wheel working the said piston in and out of the chamber C.
To permit this being done the screw E is made with a groove, and a key H enters
the said groove which prevents the screw rotating, but permits it to slide backward
or forward, therefore before starting the engine the workman will withdraw
screw E by turning hand wheel G whereupon the combustible mixture enters the
ignition chamber C through opening I after which the workman operates the
hand wheel G in the opposite direction by which means compression of combustible
mixture in chamber C and tube B is effected. By the use of the compressor D
working in chamber C the explosive gas in the red hot ignition tube B is
compressed until explosion takes place when the flame is allowed to escape (through
a small passage in spindle or set screw J) into the compression chamber A
consequently the whole charge of the combustible mixture is ignited. In order to
time the ignition of gases whilst the engine is working a crank pin a is attached to
screw or spindle J and another finger is attached to a horizontal reciprocating
rod G the functions of which rod are described and shewn more clearly in Figs. 4 and 5
therefore as said rod G moves backward and forward the finger bon reciprocating
rod G engages the finger a causing the screw or spindle J to oscillate so as to
present the aperture I to the chamber C and this is regulated to take place just
before ignition of the gases.
Secondly. To make the motion of inlet-valve into cylinder of gas engine and
inlet-valve of vaporiser in oil engine positive, we use an eccentric or crank pin with
bell crank lever under the control of a pendulum governor.
This part of our invention is shewn on Sheet 2 where Fig. 4 is a plan view of
such parts of a gas engine as is necessary to shew the application thereto of our
improvements. A is the main cylinder and B the ignition chamber. The spindle
of the air inlet valve is indicated by letter C and it is opened at each alternate
revolution of the crank shalt by means of lever D working upon a fulcrum E
the said inlet valve being closed by a spiral spring F. The lever D is operated
by horizontal rod G which is made to reciprocate backwards and forwards by
eccentric H caused to revolve by spur wheels 1 from the crank shaft J of the
engine. The rod G is provided with a pendulum governor K so as to work
without spring, the said pendulum governor K controlling the action of the rod G
in such a way that if the engine is running too fast the governor would raise the
point L on rod G and thus fail to actuate lever D and with it the inlet valve, but
when the engine runs at its normal speed the governors permit the rod G to strike
the lever D and thus open the inlet valve.
In Fig. 5 the application of corresponding parts to those just described are
combined with the inlet valve of a vaporiser in oil engines, the only difference
being that in this case, instead of employing a lever D as in Fig. 4 we employ a
bell crank form of lever M as shewn in Fig. 5.
Thirdly. The employment of a vacuum valve to prevent part of an explosive
charge being drawn into cylinder, or a vacuum being formed.
This part of our improvements is shewn in Fig. 6 where A represents the end of
the explosion cylinder the drawings being partly in section. A is the explosion
cylinder and in order to prevent a portion of the explosive charge being drawn
into the said cylinder or in order to prevent a vacuum being formed therein
when the piston of the engine is making its forward stroke and the governor out
of gear or not acting we employ a valve B attached to spindle C the said valve
being forced upon its seating by spiral spring D.
Atmospheric air will pass through openings or apertures a so that if there is a
tendency to the formation of a vacuum within cylinder A the valve would be
opened and the admission of air therein would prevent a vacuum being formed and
consequently no gas would be drawn in whereby the entrance of spent gases are
prevented.

page_text: Fourthly. The use of hot air instead of cold, so that a more uniform heat is
attained, causing the engine to be more powerful.
The
This part of our invention is shewn at Fig. 7 where A is the cylinder of a gas
engine and B an exhaust chamber which receives the spent or exploded gases.
exhaust gases pass from the engine through pipe C into the exhaust chamber B
and finally pass out by pipe D. The air which supplies the inlet valve passes
through pipe E formed or cast within the exhaust chamber, consequently the hot
gases in chamber B will heat pipe E and thus increase the temperature of the air
drawn through said pipe E before entering the inlet valve, whereby the air
entering the said inlet valve will be in a state of expansion and more ready to
absorb the explosive mixture and thereby increase the power of the engine.
Fifthly. The regulating of the air supply by partly turning round the inlet
valve plug with hole inside, opposite air passage, thereby making the opening
larger or smaller as desired.
This part of our invention is shewn in Figs. 8 and 9, the former being an end
view of the cylinder, partly in section, and Fig. 9 a plan view. The atmospheric
air for supplying the engine passes through opening A and through the valve
plug B which is provided with a flange C kept in position by bolt and nuts D.
The valve plug is made with an opening E and by means of slots F in the flange
of the plug, the opening E of said plug can be adjusted to be larger or less
according to quality or specific gravity of the air and gases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
Firstly. In a gas engine the combination therewith of an auxiliary compression
chamber C and piston D operated in the manner described and arranged as shewn
in the drawings.
Secondly. The means or method herein described and shewn in Fig. 3 for timing
the admission of combustible mixture.
Thirdly. In a gas engine the arrangement and combination of parts as shewn
in Fig. 4 for opening and closing the inlet valves direct from eccentric or
crank pin.
Fourthly. In an oil engine the arrangement and combination of parts as shewn
in Fig. 5 for opening and closing the inlet valve.
Fifthly. The employment of a vacuum valve B to prevent part of an explosive
charge being drawn in the cylinder or a vacuum being formed as described and
shewn in Fig. 6.
Sixthly. In the exhaust chamber of a gas or oil engine the combination therewith
of pipe E for heating the atmospheric air on its way to the engine as described
and shewn in Fig. 7.
Seventhly. In a gas or oil engine where air is supplied through a plug valve, the
formation in the Hange therein in the slots F for adjusting the said valve as
described and shewn in Figs. 8 and 9.
Dated this 10th day of August 1894.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.