IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH, AND IN THE MODE OR MANNER OF AFFIXING THE SAME TO THE FRAME
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Newman, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Dentist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH, AND IN THE MODE OR MANNER OF AFFIXING
THE SAME TO THE FRAME."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Newman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
May 1859.
I, HENRY NEWMAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Dentist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH, AND IN THE MODE OR MANNER OF AFFIXING
THE SAME TO THE FRAME," to be as follows:-
I make the fronts of artificial teeth of porcelain, or any of the other light-
colored substances at present used, and the backs of metal; I fasten these parts
together by screws, rivetts, or other mechanical contrivance, or by an adhesive
material. In the metal or back of each tooth for affixing is an aperture

page_text: through which is passed longitudinally or otherwise a stud or pin fastened in
the frame. Teeth so made can be easily repaired, and they are not liable to
be broken by sudden contact with a hard substance.
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Newman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th November 1859.
any
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
NEWMAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Dentist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Newman, Her special license that I, the said Henry
Newman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Henry Newman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
time agree with, and no other's, from time to time and all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH, AND IN THE MODE OR
MANNER OF AFFIXING THE SAME TO THE FRAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Henry Newman, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great 'Seal Patent Office within six calendar, months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Newman, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement (that is to say) :-
My improvements in dentistry relate to the construction and mode of
affixing to the frame artificial teeth; by the former they are strengthened or
'supported, and enabled to resist or sustain sudden pressure or contact with
thard substances; by the latter any or every tooth in a case can be removed

page_text: within the realm is, constructing artificial teeth with plates and apertures or
tubes at the back, and fastening the same to the frame by studs or pins
passing into or through the apertures or tubes, for the purposes specified, and
as herein described..
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Newman, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
In the presence of
JOHN T. KING, Patent Agent,
4, Clayton Square,
Liverpool.
HENRY NEWMAN. (L.S.)

page_text: for repair without moving the others or "passing through the fire." A
comfortable and neat fit, with great strength, are the advantages of this
Invention.
I make the fronts or that part of the teeth shewn, when in use, of porcelain
or any of the other substances at present used, and the backs of metal or other
hard and tenacious material; these I fasten together by various mechanical con-
trivances, say, by the pins, usually moulded or cast in teeth, screws, rivets, part
of the back cast or moulded into the fronts, or by an adhesive material. The
backs consist of a plate, with an aperture, forming a short tube made therein,
or fastened thereto, or simply a plain tube; the plate may cover the whole or
part of the tooth, and the tube, made of any shape or configuration to suit the
mould, may be shortened at either end. The frame or palate has studs or pins
fastened therein, which are made of the same shape and configuration as the
apertures or tubes on the back of the teeth; by passing these studs through the
apertures referred to, and rivetting or otherwise fastening, the teeth will be
affixed on the frame and ready for use without further support. Where gutta
percha, india-rubber, or other flexible frames or palates are used the same con-
struction is retained, either with metal backs, tubes, and stubs, or by having a
tube formed of the material used fastened to the back of the tooth, and a
metal or other inflexible stud.
These my improvements will be better understood, reference being had to
the Drawings accompanying this, and to the letters of reference thereon. In
all the views the same letters of reference represent the same parts.
Fig. 1 represents a back view, Fig. 2 a side view, Fig. 3 a plan, and Fig. 4
a vertical section of one of my improved teeth, with the plate entirely covering
the back thereof, and the tube partially shortened; Fig. 5 a back view, and
Fig. 6 a vertical section, of another modification, the tube being fastened to
the pins usually cast in teeth; Fig. 7 a back view, and Fig. 8 a vertical
section of another modification, the plate partially covering the back of the
tooth and tube, the latter being embedded in the front part; and Fig. 9, a
front view of a set, with two teeth removed, shewing the studs for affixing to
the frame. a represents the porcelain or other light-colored front; b, the
plate; c, the tube; d, the frame; e, the stud.
Although I have described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner of performing the same under several modifications, still I do
not confine myself thereto, as such may be varied and further modified without
departing from the principle of the same; but what I claim as my Invention,
and which to the best of my knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used