IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULD CANDLES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lyon Field, of Upper Marsh, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF MOULD CANDLES."
Sealed the 27th May 1862, and.dated the 3rd December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lyon Field, at.
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd December 1861.
I, JOHN LYON FIELD, of Upper Marsh, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF MOULD CANDLES," to be as follows:-
.. This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of mould
candles. For these purposes, in order that mould candles may be 'made suit-
able for fitting various sizes of sockets of candlesticks without cutting, as has
been commonly the practice, the lower end of each candle is moulded with a
tapering end of such length as may be desired, so that the lower end may
diminish in size more and more as it comes more and more to the end which
enters the socket of a candlestick, the upper end of each candle being moulded
of the ordinary forms heretofore employed. The tapering of the lower end
may be in the form of a truncated cone, or be made with several sides or sur-
faces decreasing in horizontal section as the tapered end comes nearer and
nearer to the lower end of the candle. The moulds used may be of any-suit-
able material, and. be arranged in any suitable number of parts, preferring

page_text: however that the part of the mould in which the tapered lower end is produced,
should be made capable of being readily separated from the upper part of the
mould when the candle is withdrawn from the mould, the lower end of the
candle coming first from the mould..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Lyon Field in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LYON FIELD, of Upper Marsh, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, send
greeting.
-
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Lyon. Field, Her special licence that I, the. said John
Lyon Field, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Lyon Field, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULD CANDLES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Lyon Field, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Lyon Field, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of mould
candles. For these purposes, in order that mould candles may be made suit-
able for fitting various sizes of sockets of candlesticks without cutting, as has
been commonly the practice, the lower end of each candle is moulded with a

page_text: tapering end of such length as may be desired, so that the lower end may
diminish in size more and more as it comes more and more to the end which
enters the socket of a candlestick, the upper end of each candle being moulded
of the ordinary forms heretofore employed. The tapering of the lower end
may be in the form of a truncated cone, or be made with several sides or sur-
faces decreasing in horizontal section as the tapered end comes nearer and
nearer to the lower end of the candle. The moulds used may be of any suitable
material, and be arranged in any suitable number of parts, preferring how-
ever, that the part of the mould in which the tapered lower end is produced,
should be made capable of being readily separated from the upper part of the
mould when the candle is withdrawn from the mould, the lower end of the
candle coming first from the mould.
Having thus stated the nature of my. Invention, I will proceed more fully
to describe the manner of performing the same.
The Drawing, annexed shews the form of candle which I prefer to make
in carrying out my Invention. At the lower end of each candle an enlarged
tapering end is produced, which I form with grooves, so that it touches the
socket of the candlestick only at intervals, but this is not essential as the en-
larged tapering end of a candle may be made with smooth surfaces, or, in place
of being plain or grooved, it may be made with several sides, so long as the
peculiarity of my Invention is retained, whereby the lower end of a candle is
moulded with the lower end decreasing in diameter as it proceeds downwards,
as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lyon Field, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN LYON FIELD. (L.S.)