and Fire Engines, and other similar Apparatus, and in Packing for the same.
Year: 1885

page_text: and Fire Engines, and other similar Apparatus, and in
Packing for the same.
I JAMES HENRY STONE trading as Benton and Stone of St Pauls Square
Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of my invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PLUNGERS OR PISTONS OF
SYRINGES, WATER AND FIRE ENGINES AND OTHER SIMILAR APPARATUS to be as
follows:―
The object of this invention is so to improve the plungers or pistons of syringes,
water and fire engines and other similar apparatus as to prevent the same adhering
to the metal barrel and to render the same more durable and more effective for
the work required than heretofore. Hitherto the use of india-rubber has been
discouraged for this purpose owing to its adhesive tendency as aforesaid and
leather and hemp have also been found objectionable-the former becoming dry
and hard when not constantly used and the latter requiring constant replenishing
on account of wear and tear.
In performing my invention I employ a piston or plunger with a loose plate
capable of being screwed up towards a fixed plate and between the two I insert a
core of india-rubber surrounded on the outside with a coating or covering of cloth
felt or other similar substance. In this manner and by the use of the india-rubber
I obtain the requisite elasticity and ensure a plunger or piston capable of being
always pressed up to its work and by use of the cloth or felt covering to same
I prevent contact of the India-rubber with the metal barrel and consequent
adhesion of the two bodies whilst by the plate and screw I have facility for
adjusting the degree of tightness of the same to the greatest nicety.
..
!!

page_text: improvements in the flungers or Pistons of Syringes, water
and Fire Engines, and other similar Apparatus, and in
Packing for the same.
I JAMES HENRY STONE trading as Benton and Stone of St. Paul's Square,
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is so to improve the plungers or pistons of syringes,
water and fire engines and other similar apparatus as to prevent the same adhering
to the metal barrel and to render the same more durable than heretofore.
Hitherto the use of india rubber has been discouraged for this purpose owing to
its adhesive tendency as aforesaid, and leather and hemp have also been found
objectionable the former becoming dry and hard when not constantly used, and
the latter requiring constant replenishing on account of the quick wear and tear,
resulting in constant leakage.
On the accompanying drawing Fig. 1. is a side sectional view of a pump barrel
containing my improved piston or plunger and Fig. 2. is a section plan of Fig. 1.
across the line a-b.
In performing my invention I employ a piston or plunger with a loose plate A
capable of being screwed up towards a fixed plate B, by means of the screw nut C
and between the two I insert a core of india rubber D surrounded on the outside
with a coating or covering of cloth felt or other similar substance E.
In this manner by use of the india rubber core D combined with the cloth or felt
covering E I obtain the elasticity requisite to ensure the plunger or piston being
always pressed up to its work, without the objections herein before stated, whilst
by the loose plate A and adjusting screw C I have facility for regulating the degree
of tightness of the same to the greatest nicety.
I do not confine myself to any one mode of fixing the cloth or felt as the same
may be seamless or stitched together, but I always use an india rubber base so
protected on the outside as aforesaid.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
In the construction of plungers or pistons, the use of an india rubber core
protected by an outer covering of cloth felt or other similar substance, substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying
drawing.