IN LAMPS,
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Moska Marichenski at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd April 1880.
MOSKA MARICHENSKI, of Poplar, in the County of Middlesex.
IN LAMPS,"
IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of
petroleum or other mineral and vegetable oil lamps, whereby the oil is supplied
to the wicks by a continued pressure instead of by capillary attraction or mechanisın
(as the case may be) hitherto used.
It consists in the use of a pile or series of circular, square, or other shaped metal
sheets or discs of suitable thickness, arranged together in pairs one above the other,
each pair being joined together by soldering or otherwise at their outer edges, and
each pair to the succeeding pair at their centres, a hole passing through the eutiro
series of sheets or discs (except the uppermost) at their centre.
This pile or series of sheets or discs when pulled out or expanded assumes the
form as it were of bellows, the bottom sheet of which is fixed air tight in the upper
or other suitable part of a reservoir into which oil is admitted, and the bellows
being pulled upwards or expanded the oil finds its way into the bellows until they
are sufficiently expanded.
A spring or weight acting upon the top of the expanded bellows gradually closes
them, thereby pressing the oil through a pipe or pipes leading from the bellows
reservoir into the reservoir containing the burner, and thence to the wicks in a
continuous flow which is regulated by an overflow or tap.
When the bellows are fully closed a tap is opened at the bottom of their reservoir,
and the bellows being pulled upwards or expanded again the waste or oil
surrounding the reservoir is drawn back again into the latter by the vacuum induced,
and the operation of supplying the wicks is repeated.
In lieu of making the expanding portion of the bellows of a series of sheets or
discs, as described, it may be stamped or otherwise manufactured out of one piece
of metal, corrugated and shaped to give the desired action.
The following are a few of the advantages of my Invention:-1. The burner
reservoir can always be kept full of oil, whereby the light is maintained at its
maximum and norinal intensity instead of diminishing as the oil is consumed,
according to the present system; and 2, a vase lamp of ordinary size with my
Invention applied need only be replenished once in several days instead of daily,
as is now the case.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Moska Marichenski in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
October 1880.
MOSKA MARICHENSKI, of Poplar, in the County of Middlesex. " IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS."
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of
petroleum or other mineral and vegetable oil lamps, whereby the oil is supplied to
the reservoir containing the wick or wicks by a continued pressure and a constant
level maintained therein, which is not the case with lamps hitherto used. It
consists in the use of a pile or series of circular, square, or other shaped metal
sheets or discs of suitable thickness, arranged together in pairs one above the other,
each pair being joined together by soldering or otherwise at their outer edges and
each pair to the succeeding pair at their centres, a hole passing through the middle
of the entire series of sheets or discs (except the uppermost). This pile or series
of sheets or discs when pulled out or expanded assuines the form as it were of
bellows, the bottom sheet of which is fixed air tight in the upper or other suitable
part of a reservoir into which oil is admitted, and the bellows being pulled upwards
or expanded the oil finds its way into the bellows until they are sufficiently
expanded. A spring or weight acting upon the top of the expanded bellows
gradually closes thein, thereby pressing the oil through a pipe or pipes leading
from the bellows into the reservoir containing the wick or wicks in a continuous
flow which is regulated by an overflow or tap or by a float acting upon a valve
fixed in the rising pipe or pipes or in the bottom of the wick reservoir.
And in order that my Invention may be well understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, reference being made to the accompanying
Drawing; like letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in both
Figures.
Figure 1 is a front sectional elevation of an oil lamp and its apparatus
constructed according to my Invention, and Figure 2 a side sectional elevation
thereof.
a, a¹, a², represent a pile or series of circular, square, or other shaped inetal
sheets or discs of suitable thickness, arranged together in pairs one above the other,
each pair being joined together by soldering or otherwise at their outer edges, and
each pair to the succeeding pair at any suitable radial distance from their centres,
a hole consequently passing through the middle of the entire scries of sheets or
discs except the uppermost a.
The various sheets or discs a, a¹, a², when pulled out or expanded assume the
form as it were of bellows. To the bottom sheet or disc a' is attached a valve box b
containing the valve c which admits the oil to the interior of the bellows, as
hereafter more particularly described; d, d, are pipes branching from the valve
box b and rising on each side of the bellows to the reservoir e which contains the
wick or wicks of the burners; on the top of the hellows is a spring (or weight) f,
which normally tends to keep the bellows closed or in their lowest position, as
shewn, and at each end of the axle g of the spring f is a toothed pinion gearing
into the upright racks h¹ (Fig. 2), the whole apparatus here described being placed
in or enclosed by the vase i containing the oil for the consumption of the lamp;
j is a chain or cord attached to the caso of the spring f, and passing upwards
through the cover of the vase i where it terminates in a ring or handle k. On
pulling up the case of the spring f by means of the chain or cord j the spring fis
coiled or brought into a state of tension by the revolution, and consequent travel
of its toothed pinions along the racks h¹, at the same time the bellows are pulled
up or expanded into the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the oil being

page_text: drawn through the valve c by the vacuum so induced fills the interior of the bellows
until they are fully expanded, when the spring f is released and pressing upon the
bellows gradually closes them, forcing the oil through the pipes d, d, into the
reservoir e to the wick or wicks of the burners. For regulating the pressure or
flow of the oil from the bellows and maintaining a constant level of the same in
the reservoir e there is fitted into that part of the pipes d, d, immediately com-
municating with the reservoir e, a specially constructed valve having a hollow
stem which is perforated on its circumference to allow of the passage of the oil to
its interior. To this hollow stem is connected a float m made of glass, metal, or
other suitable material, which rises with the oil as the latter passes through the
hollow stem of the valve into the reservoir e until the oil has reached a certain
level, when the float m pulling up the valve & closes it and so prevents any further
passage of oil into the reservoir c. As the oil is burnt at the wick it falls in the
reservoir e, and the float m allows the valve to drop or open, when the oil is again
forced through its hollow stem into the reservoir e by the bellows, and so on until
the latter are fully closed and exhausted of its contents, when they are again
pulled up or expanded by the chain ; and the operation repeated. Or in lieu
of the valve l, as shewn, an ordinary valve, tap, or other device may be used
for regulating the pressure or flow of the oil into the reservoir c. In lieu of
making the expanding portion of the bellows of a series of sheets or discs, as
described, it may be stamped or otherwise manufactured out of one piece of metal,
corrugated and shaped to give the desired action, or the bellows may be made of any
other material as found most suitable. Amongst the advantages of my Invention
are that the burner or wick reservoir can always be kept full of oil, whereby the
light is maintained at its maximum and normal intensity instead of diminishing
as the oil is consumed, according to the present system; also that a vase lamp of
ordinary size with my Invention applied need only be replenished once in several
days instead of daily as is now the case.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my Invention,
and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that what I claim is,-
1. The application and use to oil lamps of metal or other sheets or discs con-
structed and arranged in the form of and acting as bellows, substantially as and
for the purpose herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawing.
2. The application and use to the bellows of a spring (or weight) in combination
with valve c and with valve (or its equivalent) connected with float m, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated by the
accompanying Drawing.
In witness whercof, I, the said Moska Marichenski, have hereunto sot my
hand and seal, this Twenty first day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
E. T. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
123, Chancery Lane,
London.
MOSKA MARICHENSKI. (L.S.)