A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF PRODUCING A COLORING MATTER
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, of the Firm of
Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Patent Agents, for the Invention of "A NEW OR
IMPROVED MODE OF PRODUCING A COLORING MATTER."-A communication
from abroad by Alexandre Clavel, of Basle. Switzerland.
Sealed the 23rd June 1868, and dated the 22nd January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Clinton Edgcumbe
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd January 1868.
I, CLINTON EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF PRODUCING A COLORING MATTER," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the production of a red coloring matter
by the oxidation of a product isomeric with naphthalamine, and which
is obtained by distilling naphthaline and taking the products of higher
distillation to mix with the naphthalamine.

page_text: I treat the naphthaline by nitric acid at 1.33 degrees density. I
wash the nitro-naphthaline obtained, and I reduce it either by iron and
acetic acid or by hydrochloric acid and zinc; this reduction is energetic.
After the reduction I distil it. The naphthaline passes over first, then
the retort cools a little, and afterwards I heat it to a higher degree,
when a second body will pass over. I treat this body, the product of
higher distillation, at about 250° Fahrenheit with about 50 per cent.
of nitrate of mercury very dry; I add a quantity of naphthalamine
equal to that of the second body or product of higher distillation;
I leave them in contact for about a quarter of an hour, and I then
treat them with boiling water containing an acid preferably a vegetable
acid. The coloring matter is dissolved and I filter the mixture to
separate the raw materials.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Clinton Edgcumbe Broman in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CLINTON
EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and Com-
pany, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign; did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, Her
special licence that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully migh make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF PRODUCING A COLORING MATTER,"
(communicated to me from abroad by Alexandre Clavel, of Baslė,
Switzerland) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Clinton

page_text: Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention; and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in the production of a red coloring matter
by the conversion of a product which I consider to be isomeric with
naphthylamine, and which may be obtained by distilling naphthylamine,
and subjecting the products of the higher distillation to the action of
protonitrate of mercury in conjunction with naphthylamine for the
purpose of producing such color.
In order to obtain naphthylamine I treat naphthaline with nitric
acid at about 1.33 degrees density, as is well understood; I then wash
the nitro-naphthaline thus obtained, and I reduce it either by means of
iron or zinc with the addition of acetic, hydrochloric, or other acid.
After having effected such reduction I distil the naphthylamine thus
obtained, or naphthylamine obtained by other processes may be employed.
On the application of heat naphthylamine first passes over, and sub-
sequently when the temperature is further elevated other products will
be obtained. I treat these products, that is to say, the products of a
higher distillation, at about 250° Fahrenheit, with about 50 per cent.
of nitrate of mercury in powder and by preference very dry; I then
add a quantity of naphthylamine about equal to that of the products
before mentioned, viz., those obtained at a higher distillation, and I
leave the whole in contact for about a quarter of an hour at about 250°
Fahrenheit, but longer if necessary; or instead of proceeding as before
mentioned I add about an equal quantity of acetic acid to the base
before adding the nitrate of mercury. After the color has been produced
I treat the mass with water, and then with boiling water containing an
acid, by preference a vegetable acid, such as acetic acid. The coloring
matter is thus dissolved, and I then filter the mixture to separate the
insoluble portion from the coloring matter in solution, which may be
separated therefrom either by means of common salt, or otherwise, as

page_text: is well understood and practised by manufacturers for the separation
of aniline colors. The coloring matter thus separated [may be dissolved
in spirit or other solvent, and may be employed for the purposes of
dyeing and printing.
Although the proportions which I have given have been found to
give good results I do not confine myself to them, as they may be
varied; but what I claim is the employment of the products of or
derived from the distillation of naphthylamine at an elevated tempe-
rature other than naphthylamine in conjuntion with protonitrate of
mercury and with naphthylamine for the purpose of obtaining a red
coloring matter therefrom.
In witness whereof, I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of
July, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
C. E. BROOMAN. (L.S.)