IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BORING, TURNING, AND SHAPING ARTICLES PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Harrison, of the Firm of J. Harrison and
Sons, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, and
Thomas Walker, of the same Place, Engineer, for the Invention of
LETTERS PATENT to William Harrison, of the Firm of J. Harrison and
Sons, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, and
Thomas Walker, of the same Place, Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BORING, TURNING, AND SHAPING ARTICLES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Harrison and
Thomas Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition,. on the 29th December 1865.
We, WILLIAM HARRISON,. of the Firm of J. Harrison and Sons, of Black-
burn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, and THOMAS WALKER, of the
same Place, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BORING, TURNING, AND SHAPING ARTICLES
or METAL" to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention is applicable in turning up or making true
the crank axles of looms and other machines. The crank shaft is secured to a
fixed headstock, and the revolving cutters are mounted in sliding headstocks;
one or more sets of cutters are required, part of which make true the crank or
Price Sd.]

page_text: cranks, while the others turn up the ends and intermediate parts of the
axle. The cutters for turning the cranks rotate on adjustable head stocks, the
position of which on the bed is regulated according to the throw of the crank
or cranks. The cutters for turning up the straight part of the crank axle
revolve in headstocks that can be moved lengthwise like the loose headstock
of a lathe.
The second part of our Invention is particularly suitable for boring, turning,
or shaping bushes, bearings, and other small articles used in machinery for
manufacturing cotton and other fibrous substances, and it consists in certain
improved machinery for performing these operations simultaneously. The
article to be operated upon is held in a face plate or chuck connected to a
headstock, which does not revolve, but is moved laterally on a bed plate; to
this bed plate is fixed another headstock, with revolving cutters acting on the
circumference, and with a revolving boring tool for making the required hole;
a cutter is also let into the boring bar for facing up the article under operation.
Or the article to be bored and turned may be secured to a fixed headstock,
and the boring and turning tools connected to a sliding frame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Harrison and Thomas Walker in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 23rd June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HARRISON, of the Firm of J. Harrison & Sons, of Blackburn, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, and THOMAS WALKER, of the same Place,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Harrison and Thomas Walker, Her special license that we,
the said William Harrison and Thomas Walker, our executors, adminis-
trators and assigns, or such others as we. the said William Harrison and
Thomas Walker, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend. within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,

page_text: the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR BORING, TURNING AND SHAPING ARTICLES OF METAL," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Harrison and Thomas
Walker, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Harrison and Thomas Walker,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):-
The first part of our Invention is applicable to turning up or making true
the crank axles of looms and other machines. The crank shaft is secured to
a fixed headstock, and the revolving cutters are mounted on sliding head-
stocks; one or more sets of cutters are required, part of which make true the
crank or cranks, whilst the others turn up the ends and intermediate parts of
the axle. The cutters for turning the cranks rotate on adjustable headstocks.
the position of which on the bed is regulated according to the throw of the
crank or cranks. The cutters for turning up the straight part of the crank
axle revolve in headstock that can be moved lengthwise like the loose head-
stock of a lathe.
The second part of our Invention is particularly suitable for boring, turning,
or shaping bushes, bearings, and other small articles used in machinery for
manufacturing cotton and other fibrous substances, and it consists in certain
improved machinery for performing these operations simultaneously. The
article to be operated upon is held in a face plate or chuck connected to a
headstock, which does not revolve, but is moved laterally on a bed plate; to
this bed plate is fixed another headstock, with revolving cutters acting on the
circumference, and with a revolving boring tool for making the required hole;
a cutter is also let into the boring bar for facing up the article under operation.
Or the article to be bored and turned may be secured to a fixed headstock, and
the boring and turning tools connected to a sliding frame.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood we will proceed
to describe the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings.
On Sheet 1, Figure 1 is an elevation of our improved machinery for turning
cranks; Figure 2 is a plan of the same.

page_text: On Sheet 2, Figure 3 represents a transverse section of one of the end
headstocks; Figure 4 is a transverse section of the middle headstock;
Figure 5 is a front elevation of the end headstocks; Figure 6 are longitudinal
sections and elevations of one of the end headstocks and of the middle head-
stock mounted on their bed.
a is the hollow spindle running in brass bearings in the end headstocks; b
is the leading screw; c is a rack fixed to the bed; d is the rack pinion fixed
on one end of a short shaft, on the other end of which is a square, on to this
square is fitted a handle or crank, by turning which the headstocks may be
placed on any part of the bed; a' is the hollow spindle in the middle headstock,
this spindle is driven by gearing on account of its great length; e is a trans-
verse screw to set the headstock to the required throw of the crank; f is a
bracket bolted under each headstock, the bottom part of this bracket projects
forward to support the leading screw b, the cover of this screw forms a half
nut which is jointed to the bracket at g; the lever i is keyed on the end
of this joint pin, so that by drawing the knob j towards him the workman at
once lifts the half nut and stops the feed. The screw b is turned by the ratchet
wheel, which is acted on by the turn-over pall 1; this pall is attached to
the lever m, which receives its motion from the countershaft driving the
machines; on this countershaft are long drums to allow of the travel of the
headstocks. n are the tool boxes of the end headstocks which slide in the
chucks o, and can be moved nearer to or further from each other by turning
the screws p. so that the cutters can be set the exact distance required to turn
the proper diameter of crank shaft at the ends; the cutters can be set before
they begin to cut. The cutters in the middle headstock cannot be set to cut
the proper diameter of crank pin before they revolve, but must be set while they
are revolving; to accomplish this object the nut through which the regulating
screw p¹ passes is let into the forked end of the lever g. this lever is attached to
the back of the chuck o' between two projecting keys, through which and the
lever passes a joint pin, the other end of the lever is jointed to a rod r which
connects the lever with the steel plate or ring s, this ring revolves between the
steel ring and the cast-iron hoop v, which has a screw cut inside, which
screw fits on to the wrought-iron socket r, and this socket is fitted on the
headstock to which it is secured by means of screws or pins. On the outside
of the hoop is the segment of a worm wheel (in which works the worm )
so that by turning this worm round the hoop is moved along with the con-
necting rod in the direction of the arrow in Figure 6, and consequently the
cutters in the boxes n' are drawn nearer together; the steel plate s revolves

page_text: with the hollow spindle a'. The cutters can be set close to the crank pin
before they begin to turn, so that it will only be, requisite to draw the cutters
in to the thickness of the turning to be taken off. When this is accomplished
the traverse lever i is to be thrust back and the traverse commences; when
the cutters have traversed the distance required the knob j' must be again
drawn forward and the traverse will stop. The middle headstock slides
transversely on the saddle A, and the cutters are held in the cutter boxes n¹
by steel set screws. E are steel rings, fitting on the hollow spindles a, of the
end headstocks, one of which is fastened to the brass bush, and the other
revolves with the spindle between the lock nuts F and the other steel ring; these
steel rings are so placed to prevent the wear that would take place if the
wrought-iron nuts were to revolve against the brass bushes; there are also two
steel rings between the back of the chuck o and brass bushes, for the
same purpose.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The forged crank shaft N is put
through the hollow spindle a' of the middle headstock; it is then bolted firmly
down on the blocks G, see Figures 1 and 2; then the end headstocks are
brought to their places and the cutters are set in motion by throwing the
driving belt off the loose pulleys D on to the fast pulleys H; the feed motion is
then put into gear by acting on the lever i, and the operation continues until
the shaft ends are turned. The cranked portions are so short that there will
be plenty of time to turn them both by changing the tools from one chuck o'
to the other, and moving the middle headstock by means of the rack c and
pinion d from one crank to the other, while the end cutters are turning the
long ends of the shaft.
On Sheet 3, Figures 7, 8, and 9, represent three views of our improved
machine for boring. turning, and shaping bushes, bearings, and other small
articles of metal used in machinery for manufacturing cotton and other fibrous
substances, and for other purposes. This machine is for turning, boring, and
shaping either separately or simultaneously, and it may be used to advantage
where the ordinary turning or boring lathe would be inconvenient.
A is a headstock carrying the revolving spindles, external cutters, and
boring bar, hereafter described; B is a hollow cast-iron spindle, on one end of
which is the cutter block carrying the steel cutters d, d; D is a wrought-iron
spindle fitting into the hollow cast-iron spindle B with which it revolves, and
is made to carry the boring bar E; at the other end of this spindle is the
screw F with a groove cut the whole length; a projecting key in the plate g
fits this groove and prevents the screw from turning round; H is the nut, on

page_text: the end of which is key'd the hand wheel 1; by turning this wheel the
internal spindle D is screwed to any part required, as shewn in the Drawing;
the boring cutter is considerably in advance of the external cutters d, so that
the bush or other article J may be bored and turned by one operation, the
boring cutter having to go through the. hole, while the external cutters only
require to go to the plate of the bush. The stand K is for the purpose of
fixing anything to that is to be brought under operation; it may be made of
different forms to suit any purpose, and it can be moved upon the bed Z to
any convenient place. The headstock A can be moved longitudinally on the
bed either by hand or by self-acting mechanism by means of the screw L.
shewn by dotted lines in Figure 7; on the end of this screw is the wheel M,
which is made to slide on a key; the screw L is by this wheel connected by a
train of gearing with the pinion N on the end of the driving shaft U. When
it is desirable to throw the feed out of gear, the shaft. O is thrust back,
carrying with it the pinion P and the wheel M, the wheel and pinion being
connected by the arm h, thus disengaging the wheel on the end of the screw
from the wheel Q, and allowing the screw L to be turned by hand; this will
be accomplished by placing a handle on the square end of the short shaft R,
on the other end of which is a mitre wheel gearing into another mitre wheel
on the shaft O, on which is the pinion P gearing into the wheel M.
•
The machine is driven by the set of speed pulleys T on the end of the
driving shaft U; in this shaft there is a long key bed, and the pinion V has a
projecting key inside fitted into it, so that it may be moved longitudinally on
the shaft while the machine is working, and so drive the spindle B with the
cutters d while the headstock A is travelling on the bed Z. A cutter may
also be secured to or let into the boring bar E to face up the end of the bush
or other article. This machine will answer well for turning and shaping
the round ends of vibrators and other levers, and small studs, or other
articles, the short length of which renders them inconvenient to turn in a
lathe.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described the manner
of performing the same, we wish to remark that the details of the machines
may be considerably modified without departing from the peculiar character of
the Invention; we claim,-
First, the machinery described and shewn in Sheets 1 and 2 of the accom-
panying Drawings, for turning cranked shafts or any other combination
of machinery for actuating revolving cutters acting upon a fixed cranked
shaft.

page_text: Secondly. we claim the improved combination of machinery shewn in
Sheet 3. and described for turning, boring, and shaping bushes and other
articles of metal.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Harrison and Thomas Walker,
have hereunto set out hands and seals, this Twenty-first day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
WILLIAM HARRISON. (L.S.)
THOMAS WALKER.
(L.S.)