IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURING OF PILE FOR BLOOM FOR WELDLESS TIRES MADE OF EITHER IRON OR STEEL
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Whitham, of Wakefield, in the County
of York, Ironmaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURING OF PILE FOR BLOOM FOR WELDLESS TIRES MADE OF EITHER
IRON OR STEEL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Whitham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd February 1872.
I, SAMUEL Whitham, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Iron-
3 master, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURING OF PILE FOR BLOOM FOR WELDLESS
TIRES MADE OF EITHER IRON OR STEEL," to be as follows:-
The tire pile for the bloom is formed as follows, viz., a coil of iron
must be made to form the bottom of the pile, or wood may be used
instead; then pile the iron or steel upon the coil, see Figure 1 in the

page_text: Drawing hereunto annexed. Any required number of coils (or rings)
may be used for the inside of the pile, which must be of strong tensile
iron or steel, of say six or eight rings of about one inch and a half
square each. Those coils of iron or steel must be piled on each other,
see Figure 2 in the Drawing hereunto annexed, then fine grained iron
or steel may be piled outside those rings at any angle that may be
required.
It is not requisite that this iron or steel shall be of any particular
section, but it is recommended that the outer bars should be of the
following section, which would better insure the solidity of bloom, viz.,
the iron or steel can be rolled or hammered into any shape or form that
may be desired or required, see Figure 3 in the Drawing hereunto
annexed.
The quantity of the iron or steel used must be guided by the size
of the bloom it is desired to make, but it is recommended that in all
cases the external iron or steel should be twice the thickness of
the internal rings in order to obtain a good wearing surface. When
the pile is once formed it may be hammered and rolled in the usual way
to any size required.
By the before-mentioned method the following results are obtained :-
:―
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Whitham in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd August 1872.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-third day of February, in the thirty-fifth
year of Her said Majesty's reign, did give and grant unto me, the
said Samuel Whitham, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her
special licence, full power, sole privilege, and authority, that I, the
said Samuel Whitham, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said Samuel Whitham, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
of fourteen years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, called England, the Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURING OF PILE FOR BLOOM FOR WELDLESS TIRES MADE OP
EITHER IRON OR STEEL," in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso that I, the said Samuel Whitham, shall particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said in part recited Letters Patent, as reference being thereunto had will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Whitham, do hereby declare that the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed are
described and ascertained with the aid of the Drawings annexed hereto
in manner following, that is to say :-
I form the pile hollow and in two layers the one external to the other.
I first pile up the inner layer, which I form of a coil or coils or of rings
or bars curved in the form of rings, (as shewn in Figure 1) of strong
tensile iron or steel. If rings or bars curved in the form of rings are used,
they should be of a section of about one and a half inches square each,
and of the number requisite to attain the breadth required for the tire.
The rings or coils having been piled up on each other to the height
required, the outer layer is formed by piling up outside bars of fine
grained iron or steel in such manner that the grain or fibre of the iron

page_text: or steel composing the outer layer should be diagonal or nearly per-
pendicular to that of the inner layer, as is shown in Figure 2.
It is not requisite that the iron or steel of the outer layer should be of
any particular section or size, but I recommend iron or steel of the
section shewn in Figure 3, and that the thickness of the external layer
should be twice that of the inner layer. When the pile is formed it
may be hammered or rolled in the usual way to the shape or size
required for the tire. The pile may be formed or built up on a piece of
wood, or on a ring or coil of iron or steel of sufficient size, or in any
other usual manner.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the exact dimensions and shapes mentioned and
described in the Drawings; what I claim is the arrangement of the two
layers or surfaces in the hollow pile herein explained with reference to
Figure 2 of the Drawing, whereby the fibre of the outer layer is
transverse to the fibre of the inner layer, thereby securing the
advantages mentioned in my Provisional Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Whitham, have heretofore
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
SAMUEL WHITHAM. (L.S.)
Witness,
W. WILLIAMS,
Clerk with Messrs. North & Sons,
Sol".,
Leeds.