Improvements in Looms for Weaving Royal Axminster Carpets and Rugs.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 19th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Royal Axminster Carpets
and Rugs.
I, WILLIAM ADAM, of the firm of Tomkinson and Adam, of Kidderminster,
in the County of Worcester, Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in looms for weaving Royal
Axminster carpets and rugs.
As is well known, according to the present method, the yarn is wound on spools
and the spools are mounted on a single set of chains, which run over and above
the loom, and the spools, by the mechanism of the loom, are presented in rotation
as they are required to form the pattern of the carpet. It is found however that
when it is required to introduce to the end of a length of the filling, a different
pattern, such as a border, the spools have to be changed.
Now, in order to avoid the changing of the spools, I propose to use a double set
of chains and a double set of spools, one set to be used for the border and the other
for the filling or centre of the carpet. While the one is being worked, the other is
put aside. I also propose to employ a divided shaft, over which the chain with the
spools runs the main portion of this shaft is so formed and fitted to the end parts,
that it can be easily removed from fixed brackets attached to the loom, and readily
connected to, or disconnected from, the irremoveable end parts of such shaft,
thereby enabling one to be substituted for another as may be required.
The advantage to be derived from my invention is to save changing the spools
when a border or different pattern is required to be attached to a length of the
filling or of another pattern.
Dated this 10th day of November 1801
WILLIAM ADAM,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Royal Axminster Carpets
and Rugs.
1, WILLIAM ADAM, of the firm of Tomkinson and Adam, of Kidderminster in
tl County of Worcester, Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in looms for weaving Royal.
Axminster carpets and rugs.
As is well known, according to the present method of working, the yarn is
wound on spools and the spools are mounted on a single set of chains, which run
over and above the loom, and the spools, by the mechanism of the loom, are
presented in rotation as they are required to form the pattern of the carpet. It is
found however that, when it is required to introduce to the end of a length of the
filling, a different pattern, such as a border, the spools have to be changed.
Now, in order to avoid the changing of the spools, I propose to use a double set
of chains and a double set of spools, one set to be used for the border and the
other for the filling or centre of the carpet. While the one is being worked the
other is put aside.

page_text: I also propose to employ a divided shaft, over which the chain with the spools
runs the main portion of this shaft is so formed and fitted to the end parts, that
it can be easily removed from fixed brackets attached to the loom and readily
connected to, or disconnected from, the irremovable end parts of such shaft, thereby
enabling one to be substituted for another as may be required.
The advantage to be derived from my invention is to save changing the spools
when a border or different pattern is required to be attached to a length of the
filling or of another pattern.
And in order that iny said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a view showing one of the end frames of a loom for weaving Royal
Axminster carpets and rugs with my invention adapted thereto.
Figure 2 is a lengthwise view of the divided shaft. I employ in carrying my
invention into effect and showing the parts of the same connected together for use.
Figure 3 is a similar view of the central or main portion of said shaft separated
from the end portions.
Figure 4 is an end view of the same.
Figures 5 and 6 are respectively an end view and a side view of one of the end
or fixed parts of said shaft, and
Figure 7 is a side view of one of the bearings used to support the different
portions of said shaft and to retain them in connection when in use.
In all the views like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
I would here remark that I have not thought it necessary to show any of the
working parts of the loom, as they are in no wise altered from those hitherto in
use, excepting so far as is involved in the use of the divided shaft and a double
set of chains and spools.
abc are chain guide wheels and a b₁ care similar chain wheels over which run
the chains g g carrying the spools. Hitherto the shaft carrying the chain
wheels a a or a' a' has been mounted in brackets fixed to the, loom in such manner
that facility was only provided for the use of a single set of chains and spools, but
in carrying my invention into effect, I form the main or central portion d of such
shaft divided from the end portions dd, and 1 form the ends of such parts to fit
together in such manner as to enable them to be readily connected and disconnected
as required.
For this purpose I form the ends of each of the parts d with a cross web d², and
1 form each of the inner ends of the parts d' d with a correspondingly shaped
cross groove or recess d³, so that the central portion d can be readily lifted into
and out of connection with the end parts d' d¹.
The bearings for such shafts are also formed in two parts, the lower halves e
being fixed to or solid with the supporting brackets ff, whilst the upper halves e¹ el
are connected to the said lower parts by hinge joints. e²e, and are capable of
clamping the interfitting ends of the parts d d d by means of fly nuts e³ ³, so as to
retain them in secure connection with each other and yet permit of their free
rotation therein. 9 g and hh are two sets of chains and spools which run
respectively over the chain wheels a be and a¹ be with capability of connection
and disconnection with the loom as may be required. are hooks or carriers to
carry the central parts d of the shafts when disconnected from the end parts d' d¹.
The pawls and ratchet wheels 62 c2 represented in Figure 1 are used for the
purpose of preventing the chains and bobbins from running back as their weight
would otherwise cause them to do when not in position for use in the loom for
weaving. The pawl used with the ratchet wheel b would require to be raised and
to be so held when the chain to which it is to be applied is connected with the
loom.
kare ratchet wheels fixed on the end portious d' d' of the shaft d; they are

page_text: such as are ordinarily employed in this description of loom and are operated in
the manner well understood, the wheel being employed for moving the pattern
and the wheel being employed for working round by hand for bringing the
pattern into position after unweaving a portion or when altering the pattern.
It will be evident that other arrangements of parts may be adopted in carrying
my invention into effect without departing from the peculiar character of my
invention so long as the loom is provided with two sets of chains and spools which
are capable of ready connection and disconnection with the loom for the purpose
herein described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In looms for weaving Royal Axminster carpets and rugs, the combination
therewith of two sets of chains and spools so arranged as to enable either set to be
readily connected and disconnected with the loom for the purpose described.
2. In looms for weaving Royal Axminster carpets and rugs, the combination
therewith of two sets of chains and spools and a divided shaft, so arranged as to
enable either set to be readily connected and disconnected with the loom, substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
By Harris & Mills,
WM. ADAM,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.