A New or Improved Meter for Electric Current.
Year: 1897

page_text: A New or Improved Meter for Electric Current.
I, JOSEPH MORLE, of Herzog-Wilhelmstrasse 8. Munich, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
-
This invention relates to an improved electric meter, in which for driving the
counting work, swinging coils traversed by the current are influenced by a fixed
coil in a manner dependent upon the current to be measured. The pendulum
carrying the swinging coils is suspended on springs. The transmission to the
counting work is effected in such a manner, that the latter is operated without a
special driving device, influenced only by the pendulum, but the driving of the
counting work is effected by the pendulum itself. Friction is thus reduced to a
minimum.
The pendulum consists of a cross bar with two arms which carry a tripartite
coil. This coil swings within a fixed coil, through which passes the current to
be measured and which is placed so that when the pendulum is in a vertical posi-
tion the latter coil is just in the middle of the tripartite coil. The thus constructed
pendulum is suspended by means of a rod, and this rod is screw threaded for
adjustment of the length of the pendulum, the pendulum being fixed on the screw
by means of two nuts. On the hack wall of the framing there is fixed a U shaped
bracket. This bracket carries on the ends of each leg a spring, on which the
carrying piece for the pendulum is fixed. With this carrying piece there is
strongly connected a tube, which carries on the upper end the device for trans-
ferring the movements of the pendulum to the counting work, and at a con-
venient place, a commutating device for the current, by which latter device the
shunt current passing permanently through the middle spool of the tripartite
coil is guided alternately through the two lateral spools of said tripartite coil.
The counting work is constructed in the known manner. but it has not. like
the counting works of most electric meters a special driving device (such as a
spring, weight, etc..). but is driven by an endless screw. The endless screw is on
the same shaft as a toothed wheel. On the upper end of the tube there are seated
opposite one another two blades, which are distant for the thickness of a tooth of
the wheel, and which are obliquely pointed at their ends to slide alternately
between the teeth of the wheel and move the same forward for one tooth during
the to and fro movement of the pendulum. The distance of the points may he
smaller. than the teeth are broad, in order to prevent an unintentioned turning
of the toothed wheel, but this is not necessary, as the counting work is not operated
by any other mechanical means.
The current to be measured passes through the fixed coil. A shunt current
passes through the tripartite coil according to the movement of the pendulum
that is to say, through the central part with the part on the left or right alternately.
The shunt current passes each time through the middle spool. In order to carry
the same alternately through the one or the other of the two lateral spools, a com-

page_text: mutating or contact device is provided consisting of two contact points separated
from one another and of a vaulted piece which is insulated from the contact points
and on which a metal ball rolls. The shunt current passes first a resistance, goes
then through the middle spool, and to the vaulted piece. According to the posi-
tion of the ball lying on the right or the left contact point, the current passes
through the one or other lateral spool. The connecting wires from the contact
points to the spools pass through the tubular arms of the pendulum.
Instead of this ball contact a sliding contact could be used. On the carrying
piece there is fixed a socket, in which vertical rod is seated in a displaceable and
fixable manner. On this rod there is, seated a sliding piece made of insulating
material. This sliding piece is trough-like and has in the middle an oblique ridge
passing across it, and formed by the two lateral troughs rising successively. The
trough is coated on the inside with platinum, and the coating of each trough is
connected with an attachment screw. Above this sliding piece there is a ring, on
which a weak wire spring with platinum point is fixed, which is guided in the
troughs and slides therein. The sliding piece is stationary, whilst the spring
participates in the swinging of the pendulum. It thus slides in a groove, rises in
the same up to the ridge, whereupon it falls down in the other groove for commu-
tating, in order to rise however again in the other groove during the opposite
swinging of the pendulum.
The action of the meter is as follows. The current to be measured passes
through the fixed coil and influences the oscillations of the pendulum. The shunt
current passes, for causing the pendulum oscillations, alternately through the two
lateral spools, and the velocity of the oscillations increases and thus also the
velocity of the action on the toothed wheel with the increase of the current passing
through the coil. The middle spool which passed each time by the shunt current
remains permanently enclosed in the fixed coil, operates like a brake on the oscilla-
tions of the pendulum, in order to let the amplitude of the oscillation not increase
so much, that a quicker oscillation of the pendulum becomes impossible.
בד
h...1 Jan of Naamha 1897
HERBERT HADDAN & Co..
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C.. London.
A New of proved
I, JOSEPH MÖHRLE. of Herzog-Wilhelmstrasse S, Munich, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved electric meter in which for driving the
counting work, swinging coils traversed by the current are influenced by a fixed
coil in a manner dependent upon the current to be measured. The pendulum
carrying the swinging coils is suspended on springs. The transmission to the
counting work is effected in such a manner, that the latter is operated without a
special driving device influenced only by the pendulum, but the driving of the
Friction thus is reduced to a
counting work is effected by the pendulum itself.
minimum. Several fixed coils may be arranged in shunt, influencing only one
swinging coil.
This meter for electric current is shown in the annexed drawing without casing
and circuit junctions.

page_text: parany 114 CCLVII.
Fig. 2 is a side view.
Fig. 3 the circuit scheme of the shunt circuit traversing the pendulum.
Fig. 4 a plan view of the commutator.
Figs. 5-7 the closed circuit with intermediate receiving stations, in front and
plan view, and in several sections respectively.
Fig. 8 shows diagrammatically the transmission of the pendulum to the
counting work.
Fig. 9a modified form of coil arrangement.
The pendulum consists of a cross har a carrying by two arms A a tripartite
coil S¹ S S³. This coil swings in a fixed coil S through which passes the current
to be measured and which is placed so that when the pendulum is in a vertical
position, the latter coil S is just in the middle of the tripartite coil St S S³. The
thus constructed pendulum is suspended by means of a rod D and this rod is
screw threaded for adjustment of the length of the pendulum, the latter being
fixed on this screw D by two nuts. On the back of the framing there is fixed
a U shaped bracket G by one of its legs. This bracket carries on the ends of each
leg a spring F. on which the carrving piece J for the pendulum is fixed.
Strongly connected with this carrving piece is a tube A¹ which carries on the
upper end the device for transferring the movements of the pendulum to the
counting work and at a convenient place a commutating device for the shunt
current, by which latter device the shunt current passing permanently through
the middle spool S3 is guided alternately through the two lateral spools S¹ and S
of the tripartite coil.
The counting work is constructed in the known manner but has unlike most of
them no special driving device (such as a spring, weight, and so on to be wound
up).
It is driven by an endless screw E. This endless screw is on the same shaft
as a toothed wheel R. the teeth of this wheel being shown in section in Fig. 8.
On the upper end of the bar A¹ there are seated opposite one another two blades 1,
which are distant for the thickness of a tooth of the wheel as shown in Fig. 8,
and which are obliquely pointed at their ends to slide alternately between the
teeth of the wheel and move the same forward for one tooth during the to and
fro movement of the pendulum. The distance of the points may be a little smaller
than the tooth is broad, in order to prevent an unintentional turning of the toothed
wheel, but this is not necessary as the counting work is not operated by any other
mechanical force. The current to be measured passes through the fixed coil S.
Moreover a shunt current passes through the coils S1 S2 S3 according to the move-
ment of the pendulum through the coils S¹ S3 or S3 S³. The shunt current passes
each time through the middle spool S³. In order to conduct the same alternately
through one or the other of the two spools S1 and S2 a special commutating or
contact device is provided, its construction is as follows:-
On the carving piece G is fastened a guide H in which a vertical movable and
fixable bar N lies. On the upper end of this bar N is a block P made of insulating
material. This block P has in its upper face two grooves running respectively
from its two lateral extremities towards and past the central cross line of the
upper face of the block. These grooves rising successively and terminating with
a sharp fall a short distance beyond the said central cross line. These two grooves
reversed with regard to each other and passing each other laterally of their length
leave between them an oblique ridge as shown in Fig. 6. The grooves are lined
or faced with platinum and binding screws r respectively enable them to be con-
nected to the coils S1 S2 according to the diagram given in Fig. 3. Above this
block P on the tube A there is a ring L on which a weak wire spring M with
latinum point is fixed, guided in the grooves and sliding therein. The block P
is stationary whilst the spring participates in the swinging of the pendulum. Thus
it slides in the groove rising up in the same to the ridge, the fall commutating
the current it drops down into the other groove in which, however, it rises to fall

page_text: again into the former groove during the opposite swinging of the pendulum. The
action of the meter is as follows:-
The current to be measured passes through the fixed coil and influences the
oscillations of the pendulum the shunt current caused the pendulum oscillation by
passing alternately through the two coils S1 S2 and the velocity of the oscillation
increases thus also the velocity of the action of the toothed wheel R with the
increase passing through the coil S. The middle spool, passed each time by the
shunt current, remains permanently enclosed in the coil S and operates like a
brake on the oscillations of the pendulum in order that the amplitude of the
oscillations may not increase so much that a quicker oscillation of the pendulum
becomes impossible.
In the formation of pendulum shown in Fig. 9. are arranged besides the principal
current coil S also the two spools S1 and S2 stationary on both sides of the former,
passed alternately by the shunt current, whilst on the arms A forming the
pendulum only the spool S3 is fixed permanently passed by the shunt current.
By means of the latter the pendulum is put into swinging movement by the shunt
current spools S1 and S2 whilst the principal current spool S acts as a brake in
order to prevent too great an amplitude of movement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A meter for electric current, in which for driving of the counter work.
swinging coils are used traversed by the current and influenced by a fixed coil
dependent upon the current to be measured, and wherein between the two exterior
coils giving the oscillations of the pendulum and traversed alternately by the
current in the same direction by means of a contact fixed thereon, a third spool
has been arranged for acting as a brake on the oscillations of the pendulum when
swinging in the coil traversed by the current to be measured.
2. An arrangement of the meter for electric current, claimed under 1, wherein
a spool S³ is fixed on the pendulum and traversed permanently by the shunt
current and wherein laterally of the spool S traversed by the principal current.
spools S¹ and S³ are arranged alternately traversed by the shunt current effecting
the oscillations of the pendulum whilst the current traversing the principal
current spool S acts as a brake upon the swinging amplitude.
3. In the pendulum counter claimed under 1 an arrangement for transferring
the pendulum oscillations to the counter work characterized by the teeth of the
transferring wheel being hevelled at their sides whilst the blades fixed on the
pendulum, engaging hetween the teeth. and distanced one from the other for a
tooth thickness are obliquely pointed at their ends directed to the transferring
wheel for the purpose set forth.
4. In the pendulum counter claimed under 1 a contact for alternately changing
the circuit on the spools effecting the oscillations of the pendulum having a
stationary contact body with two grooves successively rising towards a ridge or
cone obliquely crossing them and insulated one from the other, and a weak wire
spring fixed on the pendulum and participating in the oscillation the point of
which slides alternately in one or the other of the grooves according to the move-
ment of the pendulum for the purpose set forth.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co..
Agents to Applicant. 18. Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London.