Improved Method of Mixing Together Liquid and Gaseous Bodies and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan., 1897-Accepted, 22nd Jan., 1898
Improved Method of Mixing Together Liquid and Gaseous Bodies
and Apparatus therefor..
(A communication from HARING HARINGS DIKEMA, of 115, Avenue de la Reine,
Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer.)
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:
The process forming the subject of the present invention relates to the mixing
together of liquid and gaseous bodies by atomising or spraying the one into the
other whereby the greatest possible surface is afforded for mingling with or being
received by the other body for the purpose of quick and thorough mixture.
It must first be remarked that the process and apparatus are based on the
following experiences of the inventor.
If a liquid is forced under pressure through an atomiser constructed as herein-
after described, a kind of vaporisation is attained whereby, if the atomiser is
operated in a tank filled with other liquid or gases or through which such bodies
pass, a mixture of them is effected.
are passed under
etc.
The object of the mixture may be impregnating or saturating beer,
wine, alcohol, effervescing water, solutions containing alcohol, drinks
with gases, such for instance, as carbonic acid, oxygen etc.
when water and carbonic acid
For instance
atomiser or apparatus, an excellent saturated mineral water is obtained; a like
pressure. through the
result is obtained by similar treatment of wine and carbonic acid etc.
The apparatus for said process consists of two or more receivers A¹ A² A³.
(Figs. 1 and 3) having conveniently the shape of bottles, connected to each other
and arranged one near or behind another, atomising devices F" F2 F³.
being arranged in each receiver.
This device consists of an atomiser, which is shown in detail in Figs. 4 to 8
of the accompanying drawing and enables the atomising action to be automati-
cally regulated by the pressure of the liquid to be atomised as well as by hand.
Figs. to 3 show the apparatus in side and front elevation and in plan.
The liquid to be saturated is introduced under pressure through an inlet pipe E
and enters the first receiver A', which is used as a saturator, through the atomiser
itself F, so that said liquid is sprayed out or atomised and fills the interior of the
vessel in an extremely finely divided or vaporised state and thus comes in contact
with saturating gases in the vessel A¹ in the greatest possible state of subdivision.
A pressure gauge O, Fig. 1, arranged in suitable manner, indicates the pressure
in the apparatus. The liquid in a finely divided atomised or vaporised state
escapes from the first vessel A' at its lower end through a kind of sieve-like or
perforated bottom G₁ and passes through an outlet H¹ and a pipe K¹ into the
second vessel A³, having been previously subjected to the action of a second
tomiser F2. The liquid then follows the way G² H2 K² F3 into the third vessel 43

page_text: and by the way G³ H³ K³ F4 into the fourth saturating vessel A. The number
of vessels or bottles A1, A2 etc. may be greater or less than that illustrated in the
accompanying drawing. From the last vessel the liquid flows through a pipe H*
and valve-pipe K into a collecting tank.
++
When using the apparatus for saturating liquids; the gas, with which the liquid,
which passes through the apparatus in the above described way, is to be saturated,
is admitted through a pipe M and a suitable branch L into the third-or any
other saturator A³, in order to be mixed with the liquid. The gas may also be
admitted at any place other than that indicated in the drawing, for instance,
through the cover of the vessel, or simultaneously in two or more vessels. The
quantity of the saturating medium admitted into the receiver may be either the
same for all the receivers or it may go on increasing from saturator to saturator.
The saturators which, as has already been mentioned; may be arranged in any
number either one near or behind the other, or even one over another and are
connected with each other accordingly, consist of a receiver of any desired shape.
for instance'a bottle-like vessel AA2.
of glass or other suitable material
having metallic covers and Bottonis B and C which may be secured in an air-
tight manner by bolts D and nuts. When the vessels A1 A².
are arranged
one over another, it is possible to avoid in a very simple manner the contact of the
liquid with metal in any place. The atomisers F¹ F3.
also shown separately
in Figs. 4 to 8 and hereinafter more fully described, as well as the bottoms G¹ G² etc.
are provided with or form very fine holes or passages through which the liquid
passes and where openings are automatically regulated by the pressure of the
liquid..
accom-
In the construction of the atomiser illustrated by way of example in the acco
nanying drawing, the main object was to have the size of the width of the open-
ings or slots, through which the liquid passes in the state of fine spray or vapour.
automatically regulated in accordance with the pressure of the liquid. under which
the atomising takes place. The atomiser mainly consists of a helically wound
spring. g-see Fig. 4-formed of a wire, rod or strin, the cross-section of which
may be round as in Fig. 6, rectangular as in Fig. 7. triangular or conical as in
Fig. 8 or of any other desired shape. The rings may be also made separately and
placed one on another, being connected with each other or not, as desired. com-
pressed.or held together in any other way so that instead of having one continuous
spiral, a tube is produced consisting of separate rings.
The working of the atomiser is as follows:-
.5.
Cold or hot liquid to be atomised enters through a flexible hose pipe a into the
regulating cock b. passes from thence through a pipe f and thus arrives in the
interior of the helical spring g. In the regulating cock there is arranged a
screwed spindle 1. the lower part of which is provided with blades d having per-
forations, the holes enabling the liquid to pass freely in the interior of the
helical spring. The cross d is provided at the bottom with a circular flanged cap.h
having a screw-thread on its inner surface into which is screwed the ring g³ form-
ing the lower part of the spring 9. The upper end o¹ of the spring is secured
to the pine by being soldered or screwed on to it. When the regulating spindle /
is lowered to a greater or lesser extent into the helical spring 9. the latter extends
to a greater or lesser extent and accordingly its rings or windings are moved away
from each other to a corresponding extent, so that the liquid under pressure in
the interior of the spring comes out through the several slots or openings thus
formed and thus is atomised in the finest and fullest manner. In order to alter or
to increase the action of the atomiser, separate rings may be provided on the
surface with recesses, grooves or the like and their shape and arrangement may
be of any desired description.
The cross section of the wire, rod or strip constituting the spring may also be
of, any desired description as has been already mentioned.
The conical form illustrated in Fig. 8 enables a still more perfect approaching
and closing of separate rings than the round or flat cross-sections of Figs. 6 and

page_text: for the projecting conical surfaces of one ring or coil fit into conical recesses in
the next.
If. it is desired to increase still more the contact surfaces of the liquid to be
saturated with the saturating medium, which surface is already an extremely large
one owing to the atomiser described--the interior of the saturating vessels A¹ A2-
may be filled with pieces of glass porcelain tin-foil or other suitable substances.
The outer surface of the vessel A1 A2 may also be maintained by any suitable re-
frigerating device at a low temperature thus for instance the vessels may be placed
directly into an ice-making machine or refrigerator.
The arrangement and size of the apparatus may vary very widely and the
apparatus described is intended to replace the apparatus hitherto used and made
of copper plated with silver or tin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:-
1. The method of mixing liquid and gaseous bodies consisting in atomising the
one into the other substantially in the manner described.
2. The use in the process described in Claim 1 of a saturating apparatus con-
sisting of any desired number of vessels as A¹ A² A³.
connected to each
in such
other, in the interior of each of which is arranged an atomiser as F¹.
manner that the liquid to be atomised has to pass through the atomiser before
reaching the outer vessel in which it comes in contact and mixes, in a finely divided
state, with the saturating gas or liquid, substantially as described.
3. For the practical application of the process characterised in Claim 1 the com-
bination with an outer vessel or vessels as A¹.
of an atomiser or atomisers
which can be regulated by hand, and also by the pressure of the liquid to be
atomised regulating the size or width of the outlet openings, consisting of a spiral
or tube, as q, formed of a coil or coils (or separate rings) of wire, rod or strip, of
any desired cross section, secured at one end to the inlet pipe (f) the other end
being closed in an air tight manner, so that the coils of the spiral or the rings are
moved away from each other by the pressure of the liquid admitted, and form a
large number of very small apertures, through which the liquid can escape in a
finely divided or sprayed condition substantially as described.
4. In an atomiser as described the arrangement of a regulating spindle in the
Interior of the atomising spring, or tube, whereby the separation of the coils or
ings constituting the spiral or tube, and consequently the degree of fineness of
atomising or spraying of the liquid, may be regulated independently of the pressure
of the liquid, substantially as described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts forming a bomplete apparatus
or mixing liquid or gaseous bodies with similar bodies, substantially as described
nd illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 22nd do..
J
T
100%
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.