Improvements in Arrangements and Mechanism for Stopping Machinery by Means of Electricity when a Thread or Sliver Breaks or becomes Absent, applicable to Machines for Preparing and Spinning Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 11th Apr.,
1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Arrangements and Mechanism for Stopping
Machinery by Means of Electricity when a Thread or Sliver
Breaks or becomes Absent, applicable to Machines for Preparing
and Spinning Fibrous Materials.
I, SAMUEL HERBERT BROOKS, of Union Iron Works, West Gorton, and
Junction Iron Works, Miles Platting, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, a communica-
tion from Paul Clarté, of St. Maurice, in the Department of the Vosges, France,
Ingénieur des Arts et Manufactures, to be as follows:
The invention communicated to me relates principally to the mechanism, which
is brought into action by an electro magnet when electrical contact has been made,
and consists in improved construction, combination and arrangement of parts,
namely.
There is an electro magnet having a non-magnetic frame carrying an armature,
the frame is suspended on pivots under the poles of the magnet which non-magnetic
frame can thus oscillate, and with it the armature to and from the poles of the
electro magnet which may be arranged in any convenient position.
This non-magnetic frame is connected with the forked arm of a bell crank lever,
that is, arranged to oscillate, but not to move endways upon the stop rod, which
acts upon the strap guide that traverses the belt from the fast driving pulley to
the loose pulley.
The other arm of the bell crank lever has a stud or projection or anti-friction
bowl which when moved by the electro magnet will come in the path of a drum
cam, excentrics, or other suitable mechanism, giving to and fro movement, this will
cause the arm of the bell crank lever and thus the stop rod, to which it is attached
to move endways (while its forked arm is sliding upon and remaining in connection
with the armature frame) and stop the machine.
The cam or equivalent mechanism may be made to act upon any suitable
arrangement of strap traversing mechanism, and the cam or equivalent mechanism
may be rotated by or actuated from a special roller which passes from end to end
of spinning or preparing machines or from other rotary parts of the machine to be
stopped.
The threads or slivers pass between a spring or lever carried by an insulated bar,
and the said special roller and the electric circuit is completed, and the electro
magnet operates when the thread or sliver breaks or is absent, as then the spring
or lever is no longer kept out of contact with the special roller.
In order to break the electric circuit when the machine is stopped a lever or
spring fixed to, but insulated from the stop rod is used, which lever or spring is
placed in circuit directly after the electro magnet and when the machine is working
it touches and charges the said insulated bar, and when the machine is being
stopped this lever or spring is carried along with the stop rod and away from its
connection with the insulated bar and thus breaks circuit.
The electricity employed is that from a battery or other source of electricity.
Dated this Tonth day of June 1890

page_text: .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Arrangements and Mechanism for Stopping
Machinery by Means of Electricity when a Thread or Sliver
Breaks or becomes Absent, applicable to Machines for Preparing
and Spinning Fibrous Materials.
I, SAMUEL HERBERT BROOKS, of Union Iron Works, West Gorton, and
Junction Iron Works, Miles Platting, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The invention communicated to me relates principally to the mechanism, which
is brought into action by an electro magnet when electrical contact has been made,
and consists in improved construction, combination and arrangement of parts,
namely.
There is an electro magnet having a non-magnetic frame carrying an armature,
the frame is suspended on pivots under the poles of the magnet which non-magnetic
frame can thus oscillate and with it the armature to and from the poles of the
electro magnet which may be arranged in any convenient position.
This non-magnetic frame is connected with the forked arm of a bell crank lever;
that is arranged to oscillate, but not to move endways upon the stop rod, which acts
upon the strap guide that traverses the belt from the fast driving pulley to the
loose pulley.
The other arm of the bell crank lever has a stud or projection or anti-friction
bowl which when moved by the electro magnet will come in the path of a drum
cam, excentrics, or other suitable mechanism giving to and fro movement, this will
cause the arm of the bell crank lever, and thus the stop rod to which it is attached
to move endways (while its forked arm is sliding upon and remaining in connection
with the armature frame) and stop the machine.
The cam or equivalent mechanism may be made to act upon any suitable
arrangement of strap traversing mechanism, and the cam or equivalent mechanism
may be rotated by or actuated from a special roller which passes from end to end
of spinning or preparing machines or from other rotary parts of the machine to be
stopped.
The threads or slivers pass between a spring or lever carried by an insulated bar,
and the said special roller and the electric circuit is completed, and the electro
magnet operates when the thread or sliver breaks or is absent, as then the spring or
lever is no longer kept out of contact with the special roller.
In order to break the electric circuit when the machine is stopped a lever or
spring fixed to, but insulated from the stop rod is used, which lever or spring is
placed in circuit directly after the electro magnet, and when the machine is working
it touches and charges the said insulated bar, and when the machine is being
stopped, this lever or spring is carried along with the stop rod and away from its
connection with the insulated bar and thus breaks circuit.
The electricity employed, is that from a battery or other source of electricity.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation partly in section taken in about the line A-B Fig. 2,
looking in the direction pointed by the arrow on Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a back elevation of parts of the machine.
These figures illustrate the invention as applied to an intermediate slubbing
frame, but from the description hereinafter given, it will be obvious that the
invention can be readily applicable to other machines through which slivers or
threads pass for preparing and spinning fibrous materials.
a. represents parts of the framing of the machine; a¹, one of the stands carrying
the ordinary front (b), middle (6), and back (2) drawing rollers. c, rods, having
brackets c', upon them forming the creel for the bobbins.
The slivers from the two upper bobbins d, and d¹, pass over rods d³, and those

page_text: from the lower bobbins pass under a rod d³, as shown by the lines x. The slivers
from all the bobbins pass through holes in a fixed bar of metal e, passing from end
to end of the frame.
This bar e, is secured to the framing, but is insulated therefrom by pieces of wood
(see Fig. 1) or other suitable non-conductor of electricity.
The slivers (c) pass over a fluted roller, rotating at a surface speed equal to
that of the back roller 62, in suitable bearings in electrical contact with the framing,
and then they pass to the drawing rollers 6, 6, and 2, in the ordinary manner.
There is a spur wheel at one end of the frame (see peculiar dotted line circle y,
in Fig. 1) which wheel gears with an intermediate or carrier wheel represented by
a dotted circle g', Fig. 1, that gears with a wheel on the roller f
To the insulated bar or rod e, a light bent flat spring el, is secured for each two
slivers. This spring el, has a head across it (being of T form in plan view) and
the cross head is in the lengthway of the roller f, its two ends are turned up (best
seen in Fig. 2) in or to give facility for passing the sliver between its underside and
the upper side of the roller.
Two slivers pass over the roller, and under each of these springs e¹, which are
held out of electric contact with the surface of the roller f, by the slivers when
present, but when either of the slivers break or are absent then the cross head of
the spring e, at that end comes in close contact with the surface of the roller f
and thus makes contact when a current of electricity is passing.
Upon the end of the roller f, a two stepped or double drum cam h, making two
movements for each revolution, is secured, which cam is thus constantly rotating
when the machine is at work.
k, is the stop rod in suitable guides which passes from end to end of the machine,
and is connected with a belt guide in the ordinary manner for traversing the belt to
and fro on the fast and loose driving pulleys.
Upon the end of the sliding stop rod k, a two armed lever 1, and ', is placed, so
that it can oscillate freely on the stop rod k, but is prevented from moving endways
by two collars &¹, secured upon the rod k.
One arm, of this two arned lever has a projection 13, from it, which when the
arin l, is in one position, comes in front of the operating surface of the cam h, and
this moves the arm, and with it the stop rod k, in the direction to traverse the
driving belt from the fast to the loose pulley and thus stop the machine.
The other arm, of the two armed lever is forked, and into this fork one side
of a non-magnetic frame m, (made of copper or brass or like non-magnetic material)
and this fork when the arm 4, moves can slide freely upon while keeping up
connection with the side of the non-magnetic frame m.
The two ends of the frame are hinged on screws m³, passing into the sides of a
wood box m', in which two electro magnets of ordinary construction are secured so
that the non-magnetic frame m, can oscillate up and down.
Across the non-magnetic frame, a bar of soft iron is secured forming the armature,
which is attracted by the poles m* of the electro-magnet when a current is passing
and will then bring the arm 1, of the two armed lever in the way of the cam h.
Electricity passes from, say the positive side of any ordinary battery represented
by plates y, say, from the plate marked + along a conducting wire y', to a binding
screw y², in connection with a wire wound on one bobbin of the electro-magnet and
then passes to the other bobbin and then to the binding screw y³, from which it is
conducted by a wire y', to a commutator spring n, one end of which is secured to a
clamp n', which is secured upon the stop rod k, there being wood or other suitable
insulating material between the clamp and the rod k. (see Fig. 1).
The commutator », when the machine is working rests against an incline piece e³,
secured to the insulated bar e.
In the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2 the end of the commutator is
resting against the inclined part e², but when the stop rod k, moves to stop the
frame or machine, the commutator n, slides away from the inclined part e³, and

page_text: when the stop rod k, is moved into the position to start the machine the incline on
the part guides the end of the commutator on to it.
As long as all the slivers are present, there is no current passing through the
electro magnet, but when one or more slivers is or are absent, a current passes from
the positive pole of the battery through the spring or springs el, to the roller, and
back from the metal framing of the machine by the wire y', to the negative pole (-)
of the battery when the current passes the electro magnet operates as before
explained.
The stop rod k, in sliding endways to stop the machine brings the arm l, of the
two armed lever, against an incline m², and secured to the box for the electro
magnet shown in dotted line in Fig. 2, and this incline m2, acts to force down the
arm, and thus the frame m, and the armature carried by it away from the poles
of the electro magnet.
The commutator n, at the same time breaks the current so that the slivers or
"ends" may be pieced up and the machine started again.
The two armed lever 1, and the non-magnetic frame m, are so balanced that
when the electro magnet is not operating, their weight keeps the projection ², on
the arm, clear of the cam h.
The stop rod k, is or may be moved by a lever ³, (see Fig. 1) passing through a
slot in a projection 2, secured to the stop rod.
The fulcrum of the lever, is or may be on one of the rods c, for the creel, or
upon a stud in the framing.
The motion from the two armed lever 1, 1, may be transmitted to traverse the
belt on the fast and loose driving pulleys in any known or convenient manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention communicated to me, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination of a balanced lever and non-magnetic armature frame, with
a rotary drum cam, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
2. The combination of an insulated bar (e) having springs (e) (each spring
having a cross head to act for two slivers) with a rotary roller (f) substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of a commutator spring (w), with the stop
rod or part receiving movement from the rotary drum carn, for breaking and making
electric contact, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the drawings.
4. The form and arrangement of springs (e) in order that cach may act for two
slivers, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated
by the drawings.
5. The combination of the electro magnets, and the armature frame with the two
armed lever (,) and a rotary drum cam substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
6. The combination and arrangement of mechanism substantially as and for the
purpose herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Ninth day of March 1891.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.