matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF GAS TO BURNERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Thorne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th December
1862.
I, JAMES THORNE, of Cardington Street, Hampstead Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF GAS TO BURNERS,"
to be as follows:
This Invention consists of a valve fixed in a metal chamber, the lower
part of which is attached to the supply pipe, and the upper part supplied
with a gas burner. The valve is formed of a hollow tube having a set off
at its base, which is of enlarged diameter and capacity; inside this tube is
another tube of smaller diameter having an inverted cup attached to its outer
surface at its upper end so as to fall over the external surface of the larger
tube, and rest on projections on the set off or upper part of its base. This
inner tube has a notched ring attached to the outer part of its cup, and is
longer than the smallest part of the outer tube. An inverted cup of larger
diameter than that which is attached to the second or inner tube is placed
over this second tube resting on the notched ring, and to this larger inverted
cup is attached a cup or disc of metal, or other suitable material a little below
the lower end of the second or inner tube. The valve in this position has
its passage between the parts open, through which the gas passes freely to
the burner when the pressure is low, but if the pressure of the gas is more

page_text: than equivilent to the weight of the large cup they are raised, and the cup
or disc is pushed up against the lower end of the inner tube, thereby
shutting off that communication to the burner, and on the pressure further
increasing the inner tube is raised, the cup or disc coming in contact with the
under part of the set off of the outer tube or seating of valve, the aperture
through which the gas has to pass being decreased in size as the pressure
increases, and on the pressure of the gas becoming less the parts which
had been raised fall, and the apertures again open.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE OR TRIMMINGS MADE ON BOBBIN NET OR TWIST LACE MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Williams and John Maxton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 31st October 1862.
We, HENRY WILLIAMS and JOHN MAXTON, both of Broadway, in the Town
and County of the Town of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE OR TRIMMINGS MADE ON BOBBIN
NET OR TWIST LACE MACHINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object improved machinery or apparatus for the
manufacture of lace or trimmings on bobbin net or twist lace machines, and
consists in the employment of wheels cut or constructed in such manner as to
enable us to work either five or more warp threads with two bobbin threads,
or four or more warp threads with one back warp thread and two bobbin
threads. The said wheels actuating the threads as herein described. The
first or front of these four warp threads works in the manner known in the
trade as five twos, a one, eleven blanks, and a one. The second of these said
four threads works six twos, a one, nine blanks, a one, and also a two. The
third thread works seven twos, a one, seven blanks, a one, and two twos. The
fourth thread works eight twos, a one, five blanks, a one, and three twos.
These threads are equally divided by two bobbin threads, and form a band,
the bobbin threads crossing each other between each of the four front warp
threads, or straight-up threads.. The back warp thread passes the two bobbin

page_text: threads, which are interwoven with the warp threads before mentioned, and
twists along with them on the edge thereof, when the same back warp
thread will repass the bobbin threads, and will twist with them on the other
edge thereof, thus forming a complete band.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF ARMOUR PLATES, APPLICABLE TO SHIPS, FORTS, BATTERIES, AND OTHER STRUCTURES, AND TO A MODE OF SECURING THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Goran Fredrik Goransson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd May 1862.
I, GORAN FREDRIK GORANSSON, of Gefle, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Iron-
master, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF ARMOUR PLATES, APPLICABLE TO SHIPS,
FORTS, BATTERIES, AND OTHER STRUCTURES, AND TO A MODE OF SECURING THE
SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
armour plates applicable to ships, forts, batteries of all kinds, and other
structures, and to a mode of securing the same in their places. According
to this Invention it is proposed to employ a number of ribs or rails having
enlarged or expanded heads of a round or other transverse section, which are
secured by bolts to the surface to be protected. Over these ribs are laid
transversely one or a series of plates, bent so as to conform exactly with and
fit accurately the corrugated surface produced by the ribs; by this system the
head of each rib or rail serves to hold the plates firmly in their places, and
when a series of plates are thus bent and laid one over the other, the inner
plate or plates will always hold the outer one securely. The surface of the
plates so disposed presents a series of corrugations or ribs, and in the hollows
between these corrugations may be driven round or other shaped bars, so as to
fill or partially fill the intervening channels or grooves.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ESCALADING APPARATUS FOR MILITARY PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: I, FREDERICK RICE STACK, of Whetstone, in the County of Middlesex, late
Captain in the 65th Regiment of Foot, and Brigade Major at Auckland,
New Zealand, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ESCALADING APPARATUS FOR MILITARY PURPOSES," to .be as
follows:-
This apparatus consists of a platform of splayed timbers mounted at one
end upon travelling wheels, behind which there is a guiding lever with stay
irons jointed to the platform. Upon the timbers are placed a series of planks
or treads at a short distance from each other. For crossing moats or ditches
(the inner side of which is not much higher than the outer one) the apparatus
is thrown across intact, but for scaling walls which require the apparatus to be
elevated to an angle of more than about thirty degrees every alternate tread
is removed so as to form a ladder. For passing over low walls or pahs; two
platforms are jointed to a central piece, the whole being kept straight by ropes
passing over stanchions. After being placed in position the ropes are cast off
when the central piece takes a bearing upon the top of the wall or stockade,
and the inclined platforms afford the means of ascending on the one side and
descending on the other.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BENDING, REPAIRING, OR RENEWING DEFECTIVE OR DAMAGED PARTS OF IRON RAILS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Yates at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd January 1862.
I, HENRY YATES, of Cecil Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BENDING, REPAIRING, OR RENEWING DEFECTIVE OR
DAMAGED PARTS OF IRON RAILS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of machinery for the purpose of repairing the worn or
damaged ends or other portions of rails of railways, or of other iron rails or bars.
On a suitable bed frame, table, or block, two dies shaped according to the
form of rail or bar to be operated on are arranged, both being moveable,
or one being fixed and the other moveable. These dies or jaws are for the
purpose of gripping or retaining the damaged or defective portions of the
rail or bar while in a highly heated state, and reducing it by pressure to its
original and natural form, as well as for holding any other portion of the
rail or bar while the process of welding is carried on, with a view to renew
any part of the surface. More than one set of dies can be used in the same
machine so as to grip an entire or broken rail or bar in two or more places
according to the required operation, whether of bending, straightening, welding,
renewing, or other process. The dies or jaws may be actuated by levers,
eccentrics, or any other means.
AN IMPROVED AXLETREE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Stevens at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd February
1862. A communication from abroad by Victor Boulanger, of Paris,
in the Empire of France.
CHARLES STEVENS, of 31, Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do. hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED AXLETREE," that it has been communicated to me from abroad by
Victor Boulanger, of Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of improvements in axletrees, the chief feature of
the improved axle being that it is in two equal parts placed end to end in the
same vertical plane, both moveable and independent of each other. The inner
ends of this double axle are of steel, spherical in form, and resting in a single
concave bracket or support contained in a rectangular box. The wheels are
keyed on the axle journals, and furnished with a central plate on either side,.
both wheels and plate being easily taken off. The axle has a shoulder at the
outer part of the side bearing. The lower part of the central bracket and the
outer parts of the side bearings are furnished with a tolerably large opening,
by means of which they may be raised or lowered by a screw. The rectan-
gular box of the bracket is formed of three pieces of sheet iron connected
by tie pieces or other suitable means, the upper plate being pierced with three
apertures for the greasing.
The above arrangements are extremely advantageous in wooden wheels

page_text: conically shaped, as by forming the desired. angle the parallelism of the
wheels is destroyed, and the latter are so brought under the load that the
bearings of the outer ends alone support the weight, and the middle bracket,
in which the inner ends rest, having scarcely anything to support, preserves its
grease and bearings for a very considerable time.
The improved axle may be substituted with great advantage for the
revolving axles of railway carriages, and for the fixed ones of ordinary
vehicles, whether of light or heavy construction. This system procures a
most important advantage when applied to railway carriages, as the wheels
are rendered independent of each other, and will therefore readily pass over
slight obstructions on the line, thus effecting an economy in the plant, both
rolling and fixed, and considerably diminishing the chances of accident by the
train running off the line.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS OF WAR WITH ARMOUR PLATES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Shortrede at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1862.
I, ROBERT SHORTREDE, of Brighton, in the County of Sussex, Colonel in
Her Majesty's Indian Army, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS OF WAR WITH ARMOUR
PLATES," to be as follows:-
In the construction of armour-plated ships as at present practised, the plates
are attached as dead weight to the outside of the ship, and are generally
weakened in their substance by the holes in them for the bolts attaching them
to the ship, and sometimes also by their being chamfered at the edges.
Water is apt to penetrate between the joints and to lodge behind the plates,
and in a heavy sea the plates are apt to play on each other at their edges,
thereby necessitating frequent repairs. The object of my improvements is to
remedy these evils and increase the strength of armour-plated vessels. For
which purpose I propose to make the plates solid in their defensive front, with
flanges all round their inner edges adapted to their being bolted or rivetted to
each other through these flanges, thereby forming in effect one continuous
plate. Such armour plates will also be connected to the thinner plates covering
the lower part of the hull by the upper row or tier of these lower hull plates
having similar flanges, to which the flanges of the lower course of armour plates

page_text: will be bolted or rivetted. The armour plates when thus bolted or rivetted to
each other and to the sides of the hull will form an integral part of the ship,
adding greatly to its strength and stiffness, while moreover the joints may
more readily be made and kept water-tight and without play on each other.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHATE OF SODA
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Richardson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th October
1862.
I, THOMAS RICHARDSON, of the Town and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
5 Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHATE OF SODA," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in submitting common or rock salt to an
elevated temperature, and employing the same when so heated with sulphuric
acid for the manufacture of sulphate of soda.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING OR MODERATING THE MOVE- MENT OF THE KEYS OF PIANOFORTES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th June 1862.-A communication from abroad by François Maury,
Jacques Dumas, and Jean Aristide Dumas,. Pianoforte Manufacturers, of
Nîmes (Gard) France.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING OR MODERATING THE MOVE-
MENT OF THE KEYS OF PIANOFORTES."-A communication to me from abroad
by François Maury, Jacques Dumas, and Jean Aristide Dumas, Pianoforte
Manufacturers, of Nîmes (Gard) France, to be as follows:-
A spring is fixed by a screw at the back part of each key of the key-board,
and in order that the said spring shall not be turned aside either to the right
or left, its moving extremity is curved and traverses a lined hole in the key
which allows it to move as a piston and without noise. Above the back part
of the keys there is a bar extending the whole length of the key board from
the bass to the treble. The top of the bar works upon pivots, so that it can
be moved to and fro, and its lower surface rests upon the springs. When the
bar rests upon the part of the springs most distant from their fixed ends, a
slight resistance is given to each key, which resistance is increased in a
progressive manner as the bar is made to recede towards the fixed ends of
the springs. The said bar is moved to and fro as required by a rack gearing

page_text: into the teeth of a toothed segment fixed to the bar, motion being given to
the rack by a screw upon a rod, the plain part of which works in a collar and
extends to the front, and has at its extreme end a socket for a key by which
the screw may be turned. Attached to the rack or to the bar there is a plate
of metal or other material in connection with a scale or gauge placed in sight
at the front part for the purpose of indicating the position of the bar and the
resistance given to the keys. Thus by turning the screw so as to move the
rack backwards, resistance is given to the keys of the key board, and by
reversing the motion of the screw the resistance is diminished.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Brown Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th December 1862.
I, EDWARD BROWN WILSON, of 5, Parliament Street, in the City of West-
minster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
conical rolling mill, and consists in driving one roll direct from the main shaft
by a pair of bevel wheels, another pair of bevel wheels being also employed
for driving the other roll direct from the first roll. One of the rolls is
adjusted either by the aid of a cam, or screw, or bydraulic power. The framing
of the rolling mill is of course peculiarly adapted to suit this arrangement,
either vertically or horizontally.
IMPROVED MEANS OF RENEWING WORN-OUT AND PARTIALLY WORN-OUT FILES AND RASPS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julius Albert Kiesling and Carl
Louis Kiesling at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th December 1862.
We, JULIUS ALBERT KIESLING and CARL LOUIS KIESLING, of Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Artists, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF RENEWING WORN-OUT AND PARTIALLY
WORN-OUT FILES AND RASPS," to be as follows:-
The means which we use to renew, otherwise retooth or roughen, worn out
and partially worn out files and rasps are chemical, and consist in the judicious
employment of acids to act on the said files and rasps after they have been
washed or made perfectly clean.
We have found the following treatment or means to produce satisfactory
results:-The files are first made clean by the removal therefrom of grease
and dust by washing in worm water mixed with an alkali, say, common soda.
They are then placed in a bath of clean water to which, during a short space
and at internals nitric acid is added, the said files and rasps or the bath
being agitated during the time that the the files and rasps remain therein.
On the removal from the above bath they are placed in water and brushed or
otherwise rubbed over their surfaces. After adding to the liquid bath, from
which the said files and rasps have been removed, another portion of nitrio
acid and a quantity of sulphuric acid, they are again placed in the bath for a
short time, agitation being continued, and by any suitable arrangement of

page_text: apparatus they are removed from the same, plunged in cold water, and then
returned to the bath. This is repeated several times, and after sulphuric acid
has again been added and the files allowed to remain for a short time, they
will be found sufficiently sharp and fit after being dried and oiled for use.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BAROMETERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nathaniel 1hompson
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th May
1862. A communication from abroad by Jedediah Hubbell Dorwin, of
Montreal, in the Province of Canada.
I, NATHANIEL THOMPSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BAROMETERS," communicated to me from abroad by Jedediah Hubbell
Dorwin, of Montreal, in the Province of Canada, to be as follows, that is to
say:-
My Invention applies to improvements in mercurial barometers, by which
they may be made portable; and in carrying out my said Invention I prefer
to take a thirty-six inch glass tube, sealed at one end and having a syphon
at the other, and a metal air-tight stop-cock is connected to one end of the
syphon by an india-rubber metallic tube, also air-tight, and a glass bulb or
fountain is likewise connected to one end of the stop-cock by a similar india-
rubber air-tight tube, the other end of the glass bulb being covered with
chamois leather to admit air. The glass tube is to be filled with clean pure
mercury and the bulb two-thirds full; the tube can then be framed according
to taste and worked by a scale and vernier by means of a screw, twenty turns
to an inch, at the upper end, or by means of a rack or pinion and a ther-
mometer placed in the front or at the side of the scale. I hang the barometer

page_text: plumb, then turn the thumbscrew in the back to a perpendicular, the mercury
in the tube will then descend to a proper level. To render the instrument
portable, I incline it gently to an angle of forty-five degrees, when the mercury
will completely fill the tube, then turn the thumbscrew directly across the
instrument, when it may be carried with safety.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING OR MANUFAC- TURING SULPHATE OF AMMONIA AND MANURE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Morrison Fell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st July 1862.
I, ALEXANDER MORRISON FELL, of Auchanhard, in the County of Lin-
lithgow, North Britain, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING OR MANUFAC-
TURING SULPHATE OF AMMONIA AND MANURE," to be as follows, that is to
say:-
This Invention has for object to obtain or manufacture sulphate of
ammonia and a manure compounded thereof in a novel and very economical
manner, and the Invention consists in using matters arising in the distillation
of oil from bituminous schales or schists. When the bituminous matter is
distilled there comes over from the retorts along with the oil a considerablo
proportion of ammoniacal liquor or water, which, after separation from the
oil, is put into a convenient vessel, and has sulphuric acid added to it until it
is ascertained by the ordinary tests that all the ammonia has combined with
the sulphur. The resulting liquid is then put into a suitable pan, and eva-
porated to dryness, the dry residuum being sulphate of ammonia. The manure
is obtained by mixing the sulphate of ammonia with the matters remaining in
the retort when the distillation is completed.
A SHIP'S COM- PASS, WHICH IS NOT TO BE EFFECTED BY LOCAL ATTRACTION OR DEVIATION, TO BE USED BY SAILING VESSEL OR STEAMER
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Wilkie at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th February
1862.
I, DAVID WILKIE, of No. 15, Great Hermitage St., Wapping, E.,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A SHIP'S COM-
PASS, WHICH IS NOT TO BE EFFECTED BY LOCAL ATTRACTION OR DEVIATION, TO BE
USED BY SAILING VESSEL OR STEAMER," to be as follows:-
Composed of 2 bowls or kettles, one within the other, to be made of various
sizes, leaving a space between the two bowls or kettles for a fluid or body
extracted from porpis, or other fish, the inner bowl or kettle to be connected
with the outer bowl or kettle, with the above fluid or body, and by four non-
conducting peices.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Brooks and Samuel Denton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 25th June 1862.
We, SAMUEL BROOKS, of the Union Mills, in the City of Manchester,
Machine Maker, and SAMUEL DENTON, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is applicable to the copping motion of spinning and doubling
machines, and it consists in an improved combination of parts for winding and
binding the yarn on the spindles in the form of a cop, whereby more yarn is
wound on each cop, and the cop is less liable to break or rove off than when
the cops are built by the machinery now in use. In performing our Invention
we make use of a short copping motion attached to the carriage of the mule
or twiner. Above the copping rail is a bowl jointed to the end of a lever,
which vibrates on a fixed stud; to the stud of the bowl a link is jointed, which
has a stud for another bowl, on which the end of the faller leg connected to
the faller shaft rests. By this means as the copping rail gradually lowers in
building the cop, the faller is gradually raised, and its position is governed so
as to build the nose of the cop of the required shape.
The second part of our Invention consists in varying the position of the
shaper plates by means of a screw tapped into one plate and passing through
a projection on the other.
The third part of our Invention consists in regulating the number of teeth.

page_text: to be taken up by the ratchet wheel of the screw of the copping motion by a
set screw passing through the lever, to which the catch of the ratchet wheel is
jointed.
The fourth part of our Invention is applicable to mules having a long lever,
as in Roberts' self-actors, and it consists in an improved arrangement of parts
for governing the long, lever when the changes should take place. To the
long lever we attach a bracket with a flange, and to the front of the carriage
square we apply a shaft with two levers, one of which is acted upon by a pro-
jection from the faller leg, and the other has a stud passing under the flange
of the bracket above referred to. By this arrangement, when the carriage is
nearly out, and the lever drops, the stud comes under the flange, and the
second change cannot take place until the stud is at liberty from under the
flange. The above details of construction may be varied and modified.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Craven and John Craven
and Jonas Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 2nd December 1862.
We, JOSIAH CRAVEN and JOHN CRAVEN, Overlookers, and JONAS ROBINSON,
Manager, of Clayton Mill, near Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to circular or other change shuttle-box looms, and
the improvements consist in a means or method of stopping the shuttle at the
proper place in the box, so as not to prevent the free movement or change of
the boxes at the time required.
Heretofore to effect this object checks, straps, springs, and guide plates
have been employed, but which are not certain in their action, and consider
able breakage often occurs by the shuttle not being properly in the box at the
time of change. To remedy this evil. we dispense with such check-straps,
springs, and guide plates, and instead of which we employ a lever which is
hinged to the box frame, having a projecting finger at one end extending across
the box and near to the guide spindle of the picker; the other end or arm of
this lever is connected by a rod to the loom end frame in such manner that
the motion of the lay or batten will operate the said lever as required. We
also employ a spring lever or levers for drawing back the picker immediately
after a pick is made, or when the shuttle is driven out of the box. The respective

page_text: actions of these parts are so arranged or regulated that the projecting finger
will be interposed in proper time to impede the return of the picker, so to cause
the said picker to stop the return shuttle in a proper position in the shuttle-box,
the finger being removed immediately afterwards by the motion of the lay or
batten, thus allowing the spring levers to draw the picker to its destination
clear of the shuttle, ready for the next change of the shuttle-boxes, thereby
removing all impediment to their free movement and consequently preventing
breakages of the loom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL IN FURNACES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Howie at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th February
1862.
I, JOHN HOWIE, of Hurlford Colliery, Kilmarnock, Scotland, Coal Master,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REGULATING THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL IN FURNACES," to be as follows:→
I convey a portion of steam from the boiler in a pipe (a small pipe being
preferred) to underneath or into the furnace, and allow said steam to escape
evenly under the bars, when it will pass up through the furnace; or I conduct
the exhaust pipe of the engine, or let the engine exhaust its steam underneath
the furnace or below the bars, or into or above the furnace, or partly one way
and partly the other, and allow the whole or part of said steam to exhaust
itself through the furnace; or in some cases a small portion might be allowed
to pass into the furnace above the furnace bars. The application of steam in
this manner is suitable for any kind of furnace where there is sufficient heat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND PRESERVATION OF SHIPS AND VESSELS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Maurice at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th September
1862.
I, JOSEPH MAURICE, of Number 3, Langham Place, Regent Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND PRESERVATION OF SHIPS
AND VESSELS," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate, first, to an addition or additions to be made to
the sides of vessels, whether new or old; second, to protecting the hulls of
such or other ships or vessels. As to the addition or additions to be made to
the sides of ships, I form around the sides of a ship or vessel or attach to the
outside thereof a solid, partially solid, or hollow belt, which may be divided
transversely as well as longitudinally, and should be fixed about the light-load
water line to give increased buoyancy or ability to carry armour plating for
vessels of war, or to enable ships to carry additional weight applied externally
or internally, whether such ships be for commercial or war purposes. By this
means increased strength is given to the hull and increased resistance offered
to rolling, rendering such ships or vessels safer in a sea-way. The belt may
project from stem to stern, or as far forward as to the beak of an iron plated
vessel, so as to give increased buoyancy to the bow. By the application of the
belt around the sides a protection is formed against the butting of a "ram,"
as the first shock of contact will be broken thereby. As to protecting the
hulls of ships (as last described) and other vessels, I proceed as follows:-To

page_text: protect the iron surfaces of ships and other vessels I deposit, by galvanic,
electric, or chemical action, copper or other suitable metal from a metallic
solution. This I effect upon the exterior surface of a completed vessel in a
suitable dock or basin containing the metallic solution, or upon the interior
surface of such vessel by placing the solution within the same and setting up
the necessary action or agency in the usual manner. Instead of acting upon
the entire surface at one time I prefer, in some cases, to form the protective
coating by a series of operations by means of suitably-shaped vessels applied
to the surface to be operated upon, the contact of each vessel in the shape of
a box or case being made perfect by an elastic edge, which is capable of con-
forming to the irregularities of the surface to be operated upon, the metallic
solution being held within it. A series of the plates or parts of the vessel may
be electrotyped or coated with metallic deposit previous to being rivetted
together, and the joints or joinings or any other unprotected parts may after-
wards be coated seperately in the manner described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' STAYS, AND IN THE BODIES OF LADIES' DRESSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Mehrtens at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st January
1862.
in.
I, GEORGE MEHRTENS, of No. 27 Charles Street, Hampstead Road. i
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' STAYS, AND IN THE BODIES OF LADIES' DRESSES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ladies' stays, and in the
bodies of ladies' dresses. In constructing stays, according to my Invention, I
form them in three pieces or portions, one piece forming the front of the
stays, and the two other pieces, which are more or less similar in form to the
first portion as it would appear were it divided down the centre, forming
the back of the stays; these portions are each stiffened with whalebone or steel
springs in the usual manner. The front portion of the stays is slit or divided
at two points corresponding with the breasts, and the sides of each of these
slits or openings are connected together by an elastic lacing or diagonal.
strapping of elastic web.
The back portions of the stays are similarly slit and laced, or strapped at
points corresponding with the blade bones, so that the back of the stays may.
be capable of yielding to allow the person wearing them to stoop freely. The
back portions of the stays are also provided at their outer edges with fasten-
ings such as are usually employed in stays. The portions forming the front

page_text: and back are also connected together by elastic lacing or diagonal strapping
in order that they may yield freely to every movement of the person. These
elastic lacings or strappings are in each case covered exteriorly with fabric,
which, however, is left so loose as to allow the elastic material to yield
sufficiently. If preferred the stays may be reversed, the fastening being then
down the front; indeed, the same pair of stays may be worn either way, as
the slits or openings which in the one case serve for the blade bones will in
the other afford freedom to the breasts. In order that the stays may be used
with more convenience when reversed, I in some cases make them with fasten-
ings both back and front. The bodies of ladies' dresses may be similarly
constructed, and they will then serve also as stays. -
In- PROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES, AND IN THE METHOD OF FASTENING THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wells at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th September
1862.
I, WILLIAM WELLS, of Ryder's Court, Leicester Square, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES, AND IN THE METHOD OF FASTENING THE SAME," to be
as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are, firstly, to secure or fasten to the hoofs of
horses the ordinary shoes, without the necessity of nailing them to or
injuring the hoof or foot; and, secondly, to enable the shoes to be easily
detached when the horse is not at work, thereby giving the horse greater ease
and rest, the hoof not being contracted as with the ordinary shoe. I propose to
form a plate or false shoe of malleable iron of the size and form of the hoof, the
same having holes pierced therein corresponding with those in the shoe itself.
The shoe is to be nailed to this plate, and the ends of the nails turned over
and broken off, thus securing the shoe to the plate. This plate has side clips
and a toe clip, the toe clip being pierced with a hole for the purpose hereafter
described. The back of the plate or false shoe is provided with a metallic
strap, on one side of which is a stud, and on the other a boss, through which
a screw passes. This screw works into a nut on a band passing from the
lower part of the heel round the upper and front part of the hoof; the other
end of said band passing over the stud before mentioned. The band is also

page_text: pierced in front to allow of a hook to pass from it down to the front of the
plate or false shoe, so that when the screw is actuated the plate, band, and
hook become simultaneously tightened. Or, in lieu of the hook in front to
fasten the upper band and plate together, the band may have a boss tapped
with a female screw; the screw passing from the front of the toe of the plate
or false shoe, and into the boss before mentioned, thus securing the plate and
shoe to the foot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Philip Preston and
Charles Goodman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th June 1862.
We, FREDERICK PHILIP PRESTON, of Counter Hill, New Cross, Engineer,
and CHARLES GOODMAN, of George Street, Deptford, Engineer, both of the
County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate more particularly to the shape of chair and
mode of fastening the rail therein. Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the
chair and mode of fastening the rail; Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, and Fig. 3
is a modification of certain parts shewn in Figs. 1 & 2.
A represents the chair; B, an iron cheek piece; C, wedge for securing the
cheek piece B and thrusting it against the rail; and D, a cotter or split key to
secure the wedge C. The rail is put in a chair of suitable shape as A, and on
one side is inserted a cheek piece B, which has a projection E fitting in a
suitable slot made in the chair to prevent its lateral movement; when B is in
its place the wedge C is inserted in a hole formed by two slots, one in the side
of the chair A, and the other in the side of the cheek piece B, therefore, on
driving in the wedge C, B presses against the rail and holds it rigidly in the
chair. To prevent the wedge C getting loose the cotter or split key D is
driven in a slot made therein, and the ends of the cotter opened out as shewn ;
Fig. 3 represents a mode of securing the wedge C by a screw and nuts F.
AN IMPROVED WOVEN FABRIC AND IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Phelps and William
Roe Lymbery at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st March 1862.
We, WILLIAM PHELPS, Manager for Henry Carey, of Nottingham, Lace
Manufacturer, and WILLIAM ROE LYMBERY, also of Nottingham, Lace Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
WOVEN FABRIC AND IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME,"
to be as follows:-
Our improved fabric very closely resembles crotchet work, and is produced
upon the bobbin net or twist lace machine, altered to adapt it to produce the
fabric.
The improvements in the machine consist in adapting to it two stump bars
instead of one, and in arranging. the parts in such manner that while one
stands still the other is made to move two or three gates for two motions,
then that which was stationary comes into action, the other stands still,
and so on.
The pattern on the fabric is produced by the jacquard in the ordinary
manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVETS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Tolhausen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th May
1862. A communication from abroad by Antoine Denis, St. Etienne,
Loire, France.
I, FREDERICK TOLHAUSEN, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, of 17, Fau-
bourg Montmartre, Paris, but now residing at No. 100, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVETS," that it has been communi
cated to me from abroad by Antoine Denis, (St. Etienne, (Loire,). France, to
be as follows:-
These improvements relate to the manufacture of double-faced velvets, that
is, ribbons and other fabrics having a velvet pile on both sides. The loomi I
use for my double-faced velvets resembles that now in use for the said fabrics,
but I arrange it in such manner that instead of there being only two ground
warps or pieces one above the other, there are three ground warps one above
the other. In the common process one pile or terry warp is divided amongst
the two warps by means of one knife, but by this improved process I use two
pile warps and two knives. In this manuer I obtain three textures of fabric
one above the other, and the pile being cut by the two knives, the result will
be a double-faced velvet fabric in the middle, and one single-faced velvet above
and beneath. Three shuttles are used in this improved loom instead of two

page_text: as in the common loom, and in order to overcome the difficulty.that would
have to be experienced in picking these shuttles simultaneously, I provide the
two ground warp heddles or healds with three eyes each, and the pile heddle
with two eyes, a proper shed being thus ensured for the easy passage of the
shuttles.
IMPROVEMENTS. IN SHIP-BUILDING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Betteley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th January
1862.
I, JOSEPH BETTELEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Iron.
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN SHIP-BUILDING," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ship-building. For these
purposes in constructing the ribs or framing of ships or vessels, when iron
is used planked over with wood, in place of using the sections of iron
heretofore employed for the ribs or framing, I employ iron of the following
section, vizt., that is, iron bars formed flat on the outer
side or surface against which the wood is to be fixed,
and formed on the inner side or surface with flanges at
the edges, so as to give strength to the bars, and so as
at the same time to render the inner side or surface suitable to receive
the heads or ends of the bolts by which the wood planking is fixed to the
ribs or framing. The planks at the outside of this framing are fixed in a
direction from stem to stern, or fore and aft; then a further planking is
used outside or over the first-mentioned planking, and such second planking is
to run in a vertical direction from the keel upwards, or it may run in a direction
inclined to or diagonally across the previous or fore and aft planking, and
such outer planking may be fixed to the previous planking by bolts, or in

page_text: any convenient manner, and the seams of both the plankings may be
caulked.
In constructing deck beams and fastenings for wood ships, it is preferred
to employ two plates of iron, kept at a distance apart by hollow distance
pieces, fixed by passing bolts or rivets through them at intervals along
the beam. At each end of a beam the two plates are turned outwards
from each other, and between the two plates of which a beam is con-
structed an iron knee is introduced at each end of a beam, and is
fixed thereto by rivets or screw bolts. In place of constructing the middle
portion of a deck beam with two plates as before stated, kept apart as 1
above explained, the middle portion of a beam may consist of a single
plate, the two ends of the beam being composed of two plates, suitably
kept apart, and bent outwards at their ends one from the other, as before
explained, iron knees as before stated being introduced and fastened between
the two plates where the beam is fixed to a ship's side. I prefer, in making 1
beams as above described, to employ angle iron of the following section, vizt.,
J'
but plates or bars of iron of other sections may also be employed, when.
making beams according to my Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAPONS OF WARFARE FOR NAVAL PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Griffiths at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th March
1862.
I, ROBERT GRIFFITHS, of 69, Mornington Road, Regent's Park, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAPONS
OF WARFARE FOR NAVAL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in the application to vessels of war of an
apparatus which may be put in motion from the interior of the vessel by
means of steam or other motive power, so as to force out a sliding bolt or bolts
against the bottom, sides, or other part of an enemy's vessel, in order to punch
or pierce holes therein below the water line, or elsewhere, if desired.
For this purpose I prefer to employ a powerful sliding bolt, or bolt supported
in suitable bearings, and arranged so as to project from the stem or other
part of the vessel to which to-and-fro movement may be given in quick suc-
cession by the application of steam power in a similar manner to that by
which the operative parts of steam hammers or other machines of like character
are actuated or by other mechanical means.
The second part of my Invention relates to the arrangement and construction
of an elongated bolt or projectile specially adapted for piercing and destroying
armour-plated vessels. Bolts or projectiles constructed according to this part of
my Invention are of cylindrical form for part of their length, and by preference
a steel bolt or punch is fitted into the cylindrical end thereof, and the space

page_text: between the inner end of this bolt and the bottom of the cylindrical part and
solid base of the projectile is filled with percussion or other explosive compound,
so that when this combined bolt or projectile is discharged by suitable
ordnance and strikes the side of an armour-plated vessel or other object
the concussion will explode the charge of explosive material at the back of
the inner bolt, and thus discharge it with great force against the already
weakened part of the plate caused by the previous action of the main bolt
thereon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENEER- CUTTING MACHINERY
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel C. Keeler at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
September 1862.-A communication from abroad by John Sperry, of the
City of New York, United States of America.
I, SAMUEL C. KEELER, of the City of New York, United States of America,
now residing at No. 29, Percy Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENEER-
CUTTING MACHINERY," a communication to me from abroad by John Sperry, of
the City of New York, United States of America, to be as follows:―
This Invention of improvements in vencer-cutting machinery is designed
for cutting veneers from the log with greater rapidity, case, & perfection, and
consists in suspending the table or carrier to which the log is attached by
means of screw bolts or in any other way desirable from two pivots which
enter and turn freely in the said table and which are firmly inserted in disks
or arms securely attached to the ends of rotary shafts. A rotary motion in
opposite directions from each other is imparted to said shafts by means of a
pinion secured to an arbour which gears into two large cog wheels attached to
said shafts whereby the table or log carrier receives a compound motion
around the centres of said shafts, and in a direction parallel to a line drawn
through said centres. By this motion the log is brought in contact with the
knife at every revolution of the arms or disks, and that by a rotary drawing
motion or stroke whereby the perfection of the cutting operation is secured.
The knife is secured to the frame that forms the bearings for the shafts and

page_text: arranged with a self-acting feed moving it the thickness of the veneer to be
cut toward the log at the moment the log is at its highest elevation. But if
desired the knife might take the place of the log and the log the place of the
knife. The number of pivots might also be increased, which changes would
be mechanical equivalents to said Invention herein described.