An Improved Method of Forming Magnetic Oxide (Fe3 04) upon the Surface of Wrought or Cast Iron.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1891
Complete Specification Left. 15th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 16th Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Forming Magnetic Oxide (Fe³ 04) upon the
Surface of Wrought or Cast Iron.
I, PIERRE HENRY BERTRAND, of 31, Boulevard Henri IV, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:--
It is well known that magnetic oxide preserves wrought or cast iron from
rust, and my present invention has for its object a novel method of producing.
a coating of such magnetic oxide upon the surface of the iron to be treated.
In order to put my invention in operation I form by electro deposition upon
the surface of the iron a coating of a metal or alloy of metals capable of volatilizing
at a temperature of 1000 degrees. The objects to be treated being covered
with this coating I introduce them into a furnace raised to a temperature of
1000 degrees or less, according to the degree of volatilization of the metals
employed.
Notwithstanding the coating with which they are covered the wrought or cast
iron oxidizes, but the coating does not allow the oxygen to become fixed in
sufficient quantity to form sesqui-oxide of iron, although it penetrates sufficiently
to form the magnetic oxide (Fe³ O').
During this formation the metal or the alloy of metals volatilize, and at the
end of 4 or 5 minutes the magnetic oxide completely and uniformly covers the
article which is to be oxidized.
All the processes hitherto employed have been based upon the introduction
into suitable furnaces of gases first oxidizing and afterwards deoxidizing, that is
to say upon the transformation of the sesqui-oxide of iron (Fe2O3) into magnetic
oxide (FeO) whilst by my invention no gas is employed and the magnetic
oxide is formed directly.
My invention may be applied to all objects which can be made of wrought
or cast iron.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Forming Magnetic Oxide (Fe³ 04) upon the
Surface of Wrought or Cast Iron.
I, PIERRE HENRY BERTRAND, of 31 Boulevard Henri IV, Paris in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
It is well known that magnetic oxide (Fe³ O') preserves wrought or cast iron
from rust, and my present invention has for its object a novel method of
producing a coating of such magnetic oxide upon the surface of the iron to be
treated.
In order to put my invention in operation I form by electro deposition upon
the surface of the iron a coating of a metal or alloy of metals capable of volatilizing
at a temperature of 1000 degrees centigrade. The objects to be treated being
covered with this coating I introduce them into a furnace raised to a temperature
ID0J7

page_text: of 1000 degrees centigrade or less, according to the degree of volatilization of
the metals employed.
Notwithstanding the coating with which it is covered the wrought or cast iron
oxidizes, but the coating does not allow the oxygen to become fixed in sufficient
quantity to form sesqui-oxide of iron, although it penetrates sufficiently to form
the magnetic oxide (Fe³ (4).
During this formation the metal or the alloy of metals volatilizes, and at the
end of 4 or 5 minutes the magnetic oxide completely and uniformly covers the
article which is to be oxidized.
All the processes hitherto employed have been based upon the introduction
into suitable furnaces of gases first oxidizing and afterwards deoxidizing, that is
to say upon the transformation of the sesqui-oxide of iron (Fe³ O³) into magnetic
oxide (FeO) whilst by my invention no gas is employed and the magnetic oxide
is formed directly.
Instead of producing by electro deposition the thin coating of metal, such as
copper, bronze, brass, nickel, gold, and the like, it may be produced by rubbing
the metal upon the surface to be coated, more especially by subjecting the
articles of wrought or cast iron or steel, which are to be treated, to friction with
a wire brush the wires of which are formed of copper, gold, brass, silver, bronze,
and the like.
The effect thus produced is similar to that where electro deposition is used,
though less regular, and the principle of my invention remains the same, namely,
the application of suitable heat to wrought or cast iron or steel, previously
coated with a thin metallic coating by electro deposition or other means.
The industrial applications of my invention are infinite, and it may be applied
to all objects which can be made of wrought or cast iron.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The method of oxidizing the surface of wrought or cast iron by forming a thin
coating of metal upon it, and then submitting it to heat of about 1000 degrees
centigrade, substantially as described.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.