IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER FIRE-BARS, CONNECTING BEARERS, AND WATER BRIDGES FOR STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS AND FURNACES, AND IN CONNECTIONS AND APPARATUS APPER- TAINING THERETO
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Marmaduke Moorc, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER
FIRE-BARS, CONNECTING BEARERS, AND WATER BRIDGES FOR STEAM AND
OTHER BOILERS AND FURNACES, AND IN CONNECTIONS AND APPARATUS APPER-
TAINING THERETO:"
Sealed the 20th January 1874, and dated the 20th November 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Marmaduke
Moore at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 20th. November 1873.
I, GEORGE MARMADUKE MOORE, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER FIRE-BARS, CONNECTING BEARERS, AND WATER BRIDGES,
FOR STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS AND FURNACES, AND IN CONNECTIONS AND APPARATUS
APPERTAINING THERETO," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in that class of fire-
bars for furnaces known as water fire-bars, and in apparatus appertaining
thereto, and consists in connecting a convenient number of tubes forming

page_text: the fire-bars by screwing or other suitable means of attachment to a
back bearer or water chamber (which may be a plain hollow bearer,
or water bridge, or feed-heating apparatus, as will be herein-after
described).
The front of the tubes forming the fire-bars are connected to, by
rivetting, screwing, or otherwise, a hollow front bearer or water chamber,
which is made with a door or cover bolted or otherwise attached to its
front, so that when the door or cover is removed all the tubes are
exposed for cleaning purposes.
The front bearer rests on suitable brackets fixed on the furnace sides,
so that the fire-bars and connecting bearer have room for expansion.
The front bearer is fitted with a suitable provision for connecting a pipe
to the boiler for circulating and feeding purposes.
The back bearer may be made similar to the front bearer, and rest on
suitable brackets at the back of the furnace, and may have a connection
from it fitted with a non-return valve and cock to the boiler for cir-
culating purposes, and a provision connecting it with the feed pipe from
the pumps for supplying the boiler, or from other feeding medium.
The back bearer may be made as a loose water bridge, and be con-
nected with the boiler as before described, also with the feed pumps or
other feeding medium; or the back bearer may be made as a feed-
heating apparatus, fitting in the ash-pit under the furnace, and at the
back thereof. In this case the feed water from the pumps or other
feeding medium is supplied to the feed heater, and from thence through
the bars and front bearer to the boiler.
In some cases the bars may open direct into an ordinary water bridge
built in the boiler, as is understood. In this case the feed pumps or
other feeding medium supply the front bearer.
The connections from the feed heater, water bridge, or back bearer to
the boiler may be made in the ash-pit under the furnace or in the com-
bustion chamber at the back of the furnace.
In all cases it is advisable that the tubes forming the bars should be
set with a considerable dip to the back of the furnace.
All connections connecting the bearers with the boiler and feed should
be fitted with a suitable stop-cock, so that in case of accident the fire-
bars and bearers can be entirely shut off from the boiler.

page_text: A modified arrangement of fitting the water fire-bars before described
to furnaces of double-flue boilers, or boilers with more than one flue,
consists in arranging the front bearer so that it extends half way across,
in the case of a double flue, each furnace, and takes or carries half the
bars of each furnace. The remainder of the bars of each furnace aro
carried respectively by short front bearers.
The first-named bearer passing in front of the two furnaces may be
fitted in its centre with a feed check or non-return valve, arranged so
that the feed from the pumps or other medium will pass into the bearer
and through half the bars in each furnace, and return through the back
bearer and the remainder of the bars to the second bearers before
described. The same result may be obtained by having one long front
bearer right across the furnaces, and dividing the bearer by diaphragms
in the centre of each furnace.
The water may circulate from the boiler through the bars when the
feed is shut off by the means of the valves fitted on to or in the bearer.
The advantages of the working of water fire-bars fitted as before
described are that all danger of breakage by expansion or contraction
through inequality of temperature is obviated, as all the fire-bars have
an equal temperature of water passing through them; also, by this
arrangement the doors or covers on the bearers can be removed, and the
tubes examined and cleaned; also, a perfect circulation is maintained by
the water in the boiler passing through the bars when the feed from the
pumps is shut off, and when the feed from the pumps is opened the feed
water becomes heated and passes into the boiler as a heated feed, and
also preserves the fire-bars by keeping them cool.
The tubes forming the fire-bars it is advisable should be of a bore not
less than two inches, and the metal one quarter thick. The tubes
forming the fire-bars may also be of various shapes, namely, circular,
circular with a rib below or with ribs at the sides for strength, or they
may be made ū shaped, or of other suitable form.
Circulating water fire-bars according to this Invention may also be
used in furnaces other than those of steam boilers, and water may be
put in circulation through or forced through them for the purposes of
preserving the fire-bars for the heating of the water, or to be used for
warming purposes generally.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Marmaduke Moore in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th May 1874.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
MARMADUKE MOORE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Marmaduke Moore, Her special
licence that I, the said George Marmaduke Moore, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Marmaduke
Moore, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time.
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER FIRE-BARS, CONNECTING BEARERS, AND WATER BRIDGES
FOR STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS AND FURNACES, AND IN CONNECTIONS AND APPARATUS
APPERTAINING THERETO," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said George Marmaduke Moore, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Marmaduke Moore, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in that class of fire-
bars for furnaces known as water fire-bars, and in apparatus appertaining
thereto, and consists in connecting a convenient number of tubes forming
the fire-bars by screwing or other suitable means of attachment to a

page_text: back bearer or water chamber (which may be a plain hollow bearer,
or a water bridge, or feed-heating apparatus, as will be herein-after
described).
The front of the tubes forming the fire-bars are connected to, by
rivetting, screwing, or otherwise, a hollow front bearer or water chamber,
which is made with a door or cover bolted or otherwise attached to its
front, so that when the door or cover is removed all the tubes are
exposed for cleaning purposes.
The front bearer rests on suitable brackets fixed on the furnace sides,
so that the fire-bars and connecting bearer have room for expansion.
The front bearer is fitted with a suitable provision for connecting a pipe
to the boiler for circulating and feeding purposes.
The back bearer may be made similar to the front bearer, and rest
on suitable brackets at the back of the furnace, and may have a con-
nection from it fitted with a non-return valve and cock to the boiler
for circulating purposes, and a provision connecting it with the feed
pipe from the pumps for supplying the boiler, or from other feeding
medium.
The back bearer may be made as a loose water bridge, and be con-
nected with the boiler as before described, also with the feed pumps or
other feeding medium; or the back bearer may be made as a feed-
heating apparatus, fitting in the ash-pit under the furnace and at the
back thereof. In this case the feed water from the pumps or other
feeding medium is supplied to the feed heater, and from thence through
the bars and front bearer to the boiler.
In some cases the bars may open direct into an ordinary water bridge
built in the boiler, as is understood. In this case the feed pumps or
other feeding medium supply the front bearer.
The connections from the feed heater, water bridge, or back bearer
to the boiler may be made in the ash-pit under the furnace or in the com-
bustion chamber at the back of the furnace.
In all cases it is advisable that the tubes forming the bars should be
set with a considerable dip to the back of the furnace.
All connections connecting the bearers with the boiler and feed should
be fitted with suitable stop-cocks, so that in case of accident the fire-bars
and bearers can be entirely shut off from the boiler.

page_text: A modified arrangement of fitting the water fire-bars before described
to furnaces of double-flue boilers, or boilers with more than one flue,
consists in arranging the front bearer so that it extends half way across,
in the case of a double flue, each furnace, and takes or carries half the
bars of each furnace. The remainder of the bars of each furnace are
carried respectively by short front bearers.
The first-named bearer passing in front of the two furnaces may be
fitted in its centre with a feed check or non-return valve, arranged so
that the feed from the pumps or other medium will pass into the bearer
and through half the bars in each furnace, and return through the back
bearer and the remainder of the bars to the second bearers before
described. The same result may be obtained by having one long front
bearer right across the furnaces, and dividing the bearer by diaphragms
in the centre of each furnace.
The water may circulate from the boiler through the bars when the
feed is shut off by the means of the valves fitted on to or in the bearer.
The advantages of the working of water fire-bars fitted as before
described are that all danger of breakage by expansion or contraction
through inequality of temperature is obviated, as all the fire-bars have
an equal temperature of water passing through them; also, by this
arrangement the doors or covers on the bearers can be removed, and the
tubes examined and cleaned; also, a perfect circulation is maintained by
the water in the boiler passing through the bars when the feed from the
pumps is shut off, and when the feed from the pumps is opened the feed
water becomes heated and passes into the boiler as a heated feed, and
also preserves the fire-bars by keeping them cool.
The tubes forming the fire-bars it is advisable should be of a bore
not less than two inches, and the metal one quarter thick. The tubes
forming the fire-bars may also be of various shapes, namely, circular,
circular with a rib below or at the side for strength, or they may be
made ū shaped, or of other suitable form.
Circulating water fire-bars according to this Invention may also be
used in furnaces other than those of steam boilers, and water may be
put in circulation through or forced through them for the purposes of
preserving the fire-bars for the heating of the water to be used for
warming purposes generally.

page_text: The before-going being the nature, object, and purposes of this my
Invention, I will now proceed to describe more in detail how the same
may be carried into practical effect, and for that purpose I have here-
unto attached two Sheets of Drawings marked with figures and letters of
reference corresponding with those in the following explanation. Like
letters and figures are used to denote similar parts throughout the various
views:
1
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a longitudinal section of a water fire-bar and
front and back bearers constructed according to this Invention.
Figure 2, Sheet 1, is a front section of bearer, and Figure 3, Sheet 1,
an outside view of same.
Figure 4, Sheet 1, is a sectional elevation of a furnace of a marine
boiler fitted with water fire-bars and bearers according to this Invention;
Figure 5, Sheet 1, is a front view of same.
Figure 6, Sheet 2, is a modification of the same, showing tubular fire-
bars fitted to a water chamber or feed-heating apparatus.
Figure 7, Sheet 2, shows modifications of arrangement of front and
back bearers fitted to marine boilers with two or more furnaces with
connections.
Figure 8, Sheet 2, is an end view of a single-flue boiler fitted with my
improved water fire-bars and connections; Figure 9, Sheet 2, is a side
elevation of same.
Figure 10, Sheet 2, is an end view of a double-flue boiler fitted with
my improved water fire-bars and connections.
Figures 11 and 12, Sheet 2, are sections showing the shape of the fire-
bars I prefer to use in carrying out this Invention.
Upon reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 1, it will be seen that A
is a tubular fire-bar; B is a front bearer; O, a back bearer. The tubular
bar A is screwed or tapped into the bearer Cat A¹, and is rivetted to the
bearer B at A². The bearer B is fitted with a removeable cover B¹. The
bearer B is made by preference of wrought iron or malleable cast iron.
The bearer C is fitted with a removeable cover or door C¹. The bearer O
may be made of cast iron or malleable cast.
Upon reference to Figure 4, Sheet 1, D, marine boiler furnace; D¹,
furnace doors; D³, furnace bridge; E, bracket supporting front bearer B;

page_text: E', centre bracket and resting bar. The back bearer C is fitted with a
flange C, forming a bracket to support bridge bricks, and a plate C³,
fitted with doors or otherwise filling in space under back bearer. The
back bearer may also be supported by suitable brackets on the sides of
the furnace.
Upon reference to Figure 5, Sheet 1, F is a cock and non-return valve
connected to the back bearer C and also to the boiler by means of the
pipe F. The cock and non-return valve F is also connected to the
straightway cock G, which cock is connected by the pipe H to the feed
pump or other feeding medium. When the cock G is shut the feed
pump or feeding medium will feed the boiler through the non-return
valve I. K is a pipe leading from front bearer to the boiler, and fitted
with a shut-off cock K¹.
Upon reference to Figure 6, Sheet 2, L is a water chamber or feed
heater connected to the boiler by means of the non-return valve L',
shown in the combustion chamber, but which may be placed in other
convenient position.
Upon reference to Figure 7, Sheet 2, it will be seen that the front
bearer B is divided in the centre of the furnace at B³. One portion of
the front bearer is fitted with a non-return valve B³, and a shut-off cock
or valve B*. Another portion of the bearer is fitted with a pipo and
non-return valve B³, and the end portions of the bearer are fitted with a
pipe B, which may be connected to the boiler with a suitable non-
return valve, and also be connected to the feed pumps or other feeding
medium.
Upon reference to Figures 8, 9, and 10, Sheet 2, it will be seen that
the front bearer B is divided by a diaphragm at B. The front bearer B
is fitted at one end with non-return valve M, a feed cock and pipe (from
pump or other feeding medium) M', and a circulating cock M² from
boiler. The other end of the front bearer is fitted with a pipe and non-
return valve N leading to boiler.
In some cases the front bearer B may be made in three distinct
pieces P, P¹, P², as shown at Figure 10, Sheet 2.
Upon reference to Figure 11, Sheet 2, it will be seen that the tubes A
forming the fire-bars are shown circular, with a web R formed on their
under side for strength.

page_text: Upon reference to Figure 12, Sheet 2, it will be seen that the tubes A.
forming the fire-bars are shown with a flat top surface S, and a web R
formed on their under side for strength.
The action of my improvements in water fire-bars and bearers may be
thus stated :—In the simple arrangement shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4,
and 5, Sheet 1, the feed water is led into the back bearer, and flows direct
through the tubular bars into the front bearer, and from thence to the
boiler, and when the feed is shut off the water circulates from the boiler
through the back bearer and bars to the front bearer, and from thence
to the boiler.
In Figure 6, Sheet 2, the action is similar, only the water chamber L
is substituted for the bearer C, as will be understood.
In Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10, Sheet 2, the water is fed or circulated
through a portion of the front bearer, from thence through half the
tubular bars to the back bearer, and from thence through the remaining
half of the bars to a second portion of the front bearer, and from thence
to the boiler, as will be seen upon reference.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, and described
a convenient method of carrying the same into operation, I wish it to be
understood that I do not limit myself to the details given, nor to the
dimensions of the same, nor to the exact position of the several parts, as
the whole may be considerably varied; and I would also observe that I
do not intend to claim plain tubular fire-bars or the exclusive use of any
of the separate parts shown in the Drawings when the same are
employed separately, except the particular arrangement of dividing the
front bearer, shown at Figures 7, 8, and 10, Sheet 2, and the form of
tubular bars shown at Figures 11 and 12, Sheet 2; but what I claim as
the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid is,―
Firstly. The arrangement of tubular fire-bar in connection with a
front and back bearer, the said bearers having removeable doors or
covers for cleaning purposes, as shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, Sheet 1,
of the accompanying Drawings, the whole arranged substantially as
shown, set forth, and described in the before-going Specifiation.
Secondly. The combined arrangements of the several parts, namely,
tubular fire-bars, back and front bearers, circulating and feed valves,
being non-return valves and cocks, substantially as shown at Figures 4
and 5, Sheet 1, of the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Thirdly. The arrangement of water chamber or feed water heater in
combination with tubular fire-bars, substantially as described and shown
at Figure 6, Sheet 2, of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. The arrangement of front bearers, tubular fire-bars, and
back bearer, together with non-return valves and cocks, substantially as
described and shown at Figure 7, Sheet 2, of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fifthly. The arrangement of front bearer, tubular fire-bars, and back
bearer, together with non-return valves and cocks, substantially as
described and shown at Figure 8, Sheet 2, of the accompanying 1
Drawings.
Sixthly. The arrangement of front bearers, tubular fire-bars, and back
bearer, together with non-return valves and cocks, substantially as
described and shown at Figure 10, Sheet 2, of the accompanying
Drawings.
Seventhly. The forms of tubular fire-bar A, with the web R, as
described and shown at Figures 11 and 12, Sheet 2, of the accompanying
Drawings.
1
In witness whereof, I, the said George Marmaduke Moore, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Third day of March, in the 2
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
GEORGE MARMADUKE (L.8.)
(L.8.) MOOKE.