Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper Bags, and in the Means employed therefor.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Dec., 1392-Accepted, 6th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper Bags, and in the Means
employed therefor.
JOHN LAIRD and MALCOLM MACINTYRE of the firm of Laird Macintyre and
Company 90 Cadogan Street Glasgow in the County of Lanark North Britain,
Wholesale Stationers and Printers do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:-
The invention consists in the use of a mould or block the form of which may be
briefly described as consisting of a flat piece of tin or other suitable metal of any
convenient size, at one end of which is hinged another, but shorter piece of metal,
and which is cut or tapered on both sides. Upon the metal piece first mentioned
are mounted two strips of metal, hinged, to the plate at a short distance from the
sides thereof, and which fold down, or up as may be required. The upper or outside
edge of each strip at the end thereof is also tapered to agree with or fit the first
tapered piece above mentioned.
To make the bag a piece of paper of convenient size is placed beneath the block,
the paper at each side thereof is then drawn up, & closely & tightly pressed against
the said strips of metal-which are at present folded up-the said strips are then
turned down, causing a fold or plait on the paper lengthwise on each side, the
remaining side paper which forms the back of the bag is then folded over, and the
two edges adhere by the application of gum, paste or other suitable adhesive
matter.
The bottom of the bag is formed by folding up, and over, the two corners of the paper
at the tapered end of the block, after which the block is turned over, and the said
first mentioned tapered piece, pulled up, and back, bringing with it the paper folded
over the same, the block is now withdrawn, and the tapered ends of the bottom
folded over towards the centre, thus forming a bottom for or on the bag, which when
not in use lies quite flat on the body of the bag. A bag of the formation before
described is found to be of great convenience by having the fold or plait on each
side and the bottom so made as to lie flat on the body of the bag whilst the bag
when required for use most readily opens.
To make a bag of the character above referred to, a solid block made of wood or
other suitable material might be employed, having its sides cut, or indented to
produce a fold or plait, and its bottom or end similarly cut or indented to produce
the bottom of the bag.
It will be readily seen that the bag above described can be made of other material
than paper and be used for different purposes.
Dated this 2nd day of June 1892.
D. DRYSDALE AUSTIN,
Applicants' Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper Bags, and in the Means
employed therefor.
JOHN LAIRD and MALCOLM MACINTYRE of the firm of Laird Macintyre and
Company 90 Cadogan Street Glasgow in the County of Lanark North Britain,
Wholesale Stationers & Printers do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in the use of a mould or block the form of which may be

page_text: briefly described as consisting of a flat piece of tin, or other suitable metal of any
convenient size, at one end of which is hinged another but shorter piece of metal
and which is cut or tapered on both sides. Upon the metal piece first mentioned
are mounted two strips of metal hinged to a centre strip or plate fixed to and
running lengthwise the bottom or sole plate & at a short distance from the sides
thereof, and which fold down or up as may be required. The upper or outside edge
of each strip, at the end thereof, is also tapered to agree with or fit the first tapered
piece above mentioned.
To make the bag a piece of paper of convenient size is placed beneath the block
the paper at each side thereof is then drawn up and closely and tightly pressed
against the said strips of metal which are at present folded up, the said strips are
then turned down causing a fold or plait on the paper lengthwise on each side, the
remaining side paper which forms the back of the bag is then folded over and the
two edges adhere by the application of gun paste or other suitable adhesive matter.
A bag having the fold or plait on each side and also by having the bottom so made
as hereinafter described, as to lic flat on the body of the bag, is found to be of great
advantage whilst the bag when required for use readily opens. The bag can be
made of other material than paper and used for different purposes. In order that
the said invention may be properly understood, I will now proceed more particularly
to set forth the system under which the same may be practically carried into effect,
reference being had to the annexed sheet of drawings, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal view of one side of the block or mould.
Figure 2 is an end view showing the hinged end piece hereinafter referred to,
turned down at right angles to the block.
Figure 3 is also a longitudinal view of the mould or block taken at the opposite
side to that illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an end view of Figure 3, shewing the longitudinal hinged side pieces
turned up also hereinafter more fully referred to.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal view of a bag made with our improved mould or block,
shewing one side as well as the folded end finished ready for use.
Figure 6 is a side elevation showing the V formation as well as the end of the
bag which is shewn in perspective the better to illustrate the end flaps as hereinafter
more fully described. The side of the bag is normally folded in to enable the bag
to be packed or made up in bundles for sale.
Figure 7 is an end view of Figure 5 taken at the open end of the bag.
Figure 8 is a fragmental view of the block shewing the operation of forming the
end folds of the bag aforesaid.
Figure 9 is a similar view to Figure 8, shewing the block with flap more clearly
without the said parts being covered over by paper.
As illustrated in the drawings, A is the mould or block, B the end piece with
outwardly tapering point, and having its inner edge hinged to the sole piece C at b.
The said end piece B, in its normal position lies at a slightly lower level than the
said sole piece C, as seen in Figure 4, but can be made level with the sole plate if
desired. D and D₁ are longitudinal hinged pieces or flaps, hinged to that side of
the block illustrated in Figure 3, for producing the side portions as gussets of the
bag. An intermediate stationary or distance piece C', with or without a liner,
soldered to the block A, produces an even surface coincideut with that formed by
the longitudinal hinged pieces D, and D¹ as aforesaid, when they are folded down
in their normal position against the sole plate C.
I will now proceed to describe how the bag is formed by the aid of the
accompanying drawings. The proper size of paper having been determined, the
mould or block A is placed with the sole piece C (that side represented in
Figure 1) against the surface of the paper, and centrally thereon or thereabouts.
The longitudinal hinged pieces D and D¹ are then turned up, and the paper at
each side of the mould or block is then brought up and pressed closely within the
angular recesses g and h, when the longitudinal hinged pieces D, and D',

page_text: aforesaid, are folded down upon the paper indicated by the letters e & f Figure 4.
By this operation the side pieces or gussets having a V formation will now be formed;
and continuing the operation the paper e and f which in this stage lies with its
edges outwardly from the block A, as will be seen by referring again to Fig. 4, is
then folded completely over till that side of the block represented in Figure 3, is
quite concealed the edges of the paper e and f being gummed or pasted together.
It now remains to make the end flaps which are to constitute the bottom of the
bag as seen in Figure 5. The side pieces or gussets e and fare continued down to
the bottom, or a little in excess of the length and cover the tapered point of the
hinged piece B, of the mould or block. The said tapered point of the said hinged
piece B, having been found by the forefinger, it is gradually drawn through a
radius, bringing with it the paper describing a quarter circle as seen particularly in
Fig. 8, where the paper first opens out, and when the said hinged piece B has been
drawn through a semi-circle; one portion of the paper will be seen to overlap the
other and afterwards assume the shape of an irregular hexagon as seen in dotted
lines i j k l m and n Fig. 5. The block being now withdrawn the angular ends i
and are ready to be folded inwards at the points j k n and m, which being done a
square constituting the bottom of the bag, is produced as will be seen in Fig. 5.;
the said angular ends i and are made to adhere to the bottom of the bag by gum
paste or other adhesive substance. It will be seen in Figures 1 and 2 that the
sharp edges which would tend to cut the paper and otherwise be very objectional
features of the mould or block are cut away at the point where the sole piece C,
is united to the tapered hinged piece B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ;
First. In the manufacture of paper bags the end piece B with tapered point
hinged to the sole piece C substantially as and for the purposes described and
shewn.
Second. In the manufacture of paper bags, the longitudinal hinged pieces or
flaps D, and D', substantially as and for the purposes described and shewn.
Third. The combination of all the parts in the means or apparatus employed for
the production of the paper bags substantially as described and shewn.
Dated at Glasgow this 1st day of December 1892.
D. DRYSDALE AUSTIN,
Applicants' Agent.