Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 1st June, 1889
I, WALTER HENRY BULPITT trading as Bulpitt and Sons of Camden Street,
Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturer and Tin Plate Worker,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in lamps having special reference to
Railway Carriage roof and similar lainps in which I am enabled to obtain an ample
light from the use of petroleum or other light volatile oil without danger of the oil
flashing which is so likely to occur when the large amount of flame requisite for
adequately lighting a compartment is of necessity placed in such close and confined
proximity to the reservoir containing the oil especially when aggravated by the
concussion caused by the movement of a carriage, etc.
I am also enabled by an improvement in the shape of the burner combined with the
use of a suitably shaped reservoir to obviate the dark shadow which has hitherto been
cast by the reservoir and has been found so objectionable in this class of lamp
which improvement also allows of any breadth of flamme being used consistent with the
amount of heat permissible.
I form the outer casing or body of the lamp substantially as heretofore but the first
part of my invention consists of connecting each side of the ventilating chamber
above the reflector with each end of the oil reservoir which is situated under the
burner by means of two tubes one of which would be available for feeding purposes.
By this arrangement a current of air is constantly passing along these tubes and
through the top of the reservoir thereby assisting combustion and by the weight of
the atmosphere preventing the oil from rising and flashing. This arrangement may
be usel in conjunction with any shaped body or any class of ventilation.
The second part of my invention refers more particularly to the burner which I
form in the shape of the lower portion of an oblong pyramid having its sides
perforated and the top but just wide enough to accomodate the wick and allow
sufficient air to pass up each side for combustion the length being regulated by the
breadth of the flame required.

page_text: It will readily be seen that however broad the flame this shape does not cast
shadows at the sides but allows the light to fall direct upon the reservoir which in the
case of carriage roof lamps is provided with inclined sides which again reflect the
light on to the guard glass from whence it is diffused directly under the lamp.
With the addition of a winder this burner may be applied with equal success to
any other class of lamp and I may use in connection with it the end projections or
horns which were part of my former invention numbered 2942. A.D. 1885.
I also carry down the wick casing which is fixed to the mouth of the reservoir and
fix it to the bottom of same and form a bole at each side or end or a series of holes for
the oil to percolate through to the wick thus additionally preventing chance of the
oil oscillating & flashing."

page_text: Improvements in Lamps.
I WALTER HENRY BULPITT trading as Bulpitt & Sons of 155 Camden Street
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Tin Plate Worker do hereby declare
the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described & ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention has for its object improvements in lamps, and has particular reference
to the burners of the same, and to the ventilation of the oil chamber in lamps in
which petroleum and other light volatile oils are used by which I obtain a clear white
flame with almost perfect combustion and the flame is prevented from increasing as
the heat increases in intensity. The burner is composed of an outer and an inner
cone, with a disc mounted at the bottom through which the wick tube with its screw
and base fits. The inner cone is fixed some distance below the top of the outer dome
to which is fixed a device which rises from the top of the wick tube forming a
channel which finishes in two ears each ear projecting outwards from the ends of the
wick tube, and raising upwards also. These ends are formed in the shape of a hollow
box that is to say the metal which extends upwards is bent round and brought down
inside the projections so as to form a flat surface upon which the ends of the flame
impinge, and which in conjunction with the double dome and the way in which the air
admitted has a peculiarly beneficial and purifying effect upon the flame. The bottom
part of the device unites with the wick tube as before mentioned but the upper edge
of the channel formed in the device stands below the top of the inner dome so as to
permit a current of air rising and operating upon the sides of the flame at this
particular part besides space for air outside the inner dome and between the outer
dome. The inner dome may be secured to the lower part of the device in such a
manner as to be suspended and the outside of the device in the slot of the outer dome
so that it is suspended therefrom. Such burners are applicable to any kind of lamps
where burners are now employed for the use of oil such as specified. In the case of
Railway carriage roof lamps and other such like lamps I form the outer casing or
body of the lamp substantially as heretofore, and I connect each side of the
ventilating chamber above the reflector with each end of the oil reservoir which
is situated under the burner by means of two tubes one of which would be available
for feeding purposes.
By this arrangement a current of air is constantly passing along these tubes and
through the tube of the reservoir thereby assisting combustion and by the weight of
the atmosphere preventing the oil from rising and flashing.
This arrangement may be used with any shaped body or any class of ventilation.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto two double sized sheets of drawings upon
which I have illustrated my improved burner in detail as well as its application to a
railway carriage roof lamp.
Figure 1. is a general view of the outside of my railway carriage roof lamp with
improved burner attached complete.
Figure 2. is a vertical section through same but shewing the burner in elevation.

page_text: Figure 3 is an enlarged elevation of the burner.
Figure 4 is a vertical section through the burner on line 1. 2 Figure 6.
Figure 5 is a vertical section through the burner on line 2. 3. Figure 6.
Figure 6 is plan of the burner.
The burner is provided with the outer cone and inner cone D having the perforated
disc E mounted at the bottom of the outer cone through which the wick tube Ę with
its base e¹ and screw fits.
The inner cone D is fixed some distance below the top of the outer dome B to
which the ears A. A. are fixed so as to rise from the top of the wick tube E forming
the channel a which finishes in the said cars A, A each ear projecting outwards from
the end of the wick tube E and rising upwards also.
The ends A, A are formed in the shape of a hollow box, the metal which extends
upwards being bend round at a and brought down inside the projections A. A so as
to form the flat surface a upon which the ends of the flame impinge. The bottom
part of the device is united to the wick tube E at a and the upper edge a² of the
channel stands below the top d¹ of the inner dome so as to admit of a current of air
rising and acting upon the sides of the flame.
The inner dome Dmay be secured to the lower part of the channel a and the
outside of the ears A may be secured in the slot of the outer dome B at 62 so as to be
suspended therefrom.
In Figures 1 and 2 I have shewn my burner applied to a railway carriage roof
lamp in which the body of the lamp H is provided with the ventilating chamber L
-and-top K in which is mounted the double perforated cones and having the
top and cap and internal cone Each side of the ventilating chamber Lis
connected with each end of the oil reservoir M by means of the tubes m¹ and m² so
that a current of air is constantly passing through the reservoir M..
By these means I obtain a railway carriage roof lamp in which the combustion
is assisted with little fear of the oil rising or flashing and while a clear smokeless
flame is obtained it is protected from downward currents and sweating moisture in
the lamp.
However hot the burner may become by means of the hollow ears it maintains a
clear smokeless flamo, and this is the case whatever kind or class of body or reservoir
may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The improvements in lamps the burner having the hollow ears A substantially
as and for the purpose herein set and shewn by Figures 3 4 5 and 6.
Second. In improvements in lamps the Railway Carriage Roof lamp substantially
as and for the purpose herein set forth and shown by Figures 1 and 2.
Third. In the improvements in Lamp the use of a burner having the hollow ears A
in combination with any reservoir or body substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 16th day of Anril 1880
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicant.