AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION AND APPLIANCES FOR A REVOLVING LAMP, LAMP-SCREEN FRAME OR REFLECTOR
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES ROOTS of 144 Bishopsgate Without in the City of London Medical
Assistant do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION AND APPLIANCES FOR A REVOLVING LAMP, LAMP-SCREEN FRAME OR
REFLECTOR to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is, the automatic revolution of a lamp, lamp-frame,
screen, globe, or reflector, for lighthouses, advertising or any other purpose. It is
obvious that the invention may be applied to a variety of uses.
For the purpose of my invention, one two or more fans may be placed within a
frame or screen in such position that as nearly as possible the whole of the ascending
air shall exert its force on the fan or fans. Thus if two fans be used the one shall
be above the light the other below it, fitting closely without friction at their
circumferences and turning upon pivots at their centres. The outside air ascending.
exerts its force upon the lower fan, is then rarefied and expanded by the heat, and
being enclosed on all sides exerts a much greater force on the fan above. To obtain
still greater power a large portion of the centre of each fan may be occupied by a
disc, that is to say, the several arms or vanes of the fan are not of the length of the
radius of the fan but only of some part of it. Thus the ascending air exerts its
force upon the fan nearer its circumference than its centre, and has therefore a
greater leverage upon it. Upon the same pivot and attached to one of the fans is
a toothed pinion or sleeve, into the teeth of which gear the teeth of a transmitting
pinion, one or more transmitting pinions may be used to balance the power and
obviate strain, the axis or pin of which pinion or pinions is attached to an arm
which is fixed to the main axis or pivot and is stationary. The pinion or pinions
gear into the teeth of an internal spur wheel which is attached or fixed to the frame
or screen to be revolved. Thus the speed of the fans is converted into power and
while the fans have, say, ten revolutions per second, the frame, screen, or lamp may
have but one; and the difference is regulated by the difference in the respective
sizes of the toothed wheels. The internal spur wheel may be affixed to the main
axis or pivot and be stationary acting as a fulcrum, and the transmitting pinion or
pinions may have their axes attached to the frame or screen to be revolved; various
slight modifications of this kind may be made. When it is desired to obtain an
automatic alteration in the speed of the revolving frame, screen, globe, reflector or
Pain Reli

page_text: lamp, I use an oscillating lever or clutch which alternately gears and removes from
gear the transmitting pinions, it may be worked by two arms or bars weighted at
their ends or not, and which accumulating centrifugal force by the rapid revolution
of the fans, raises a sleeve on the main axis to which the lever is attached; or, by
a spring pressing the lever arm upon the circumference of a wheel having one deeply
cut ratchet cog, the arm falls into the cog at each revolution, releasing the pinion
attached to its other end; or by both together.
Any light may be employed, where gas is used the gas tube may form the
pivot, where oil is used, one or more lamps placed within the frame may revolve
with it.
When the screen or frame is required to revolve round a horizontal instead of a
perpendicular axis, one fan only is necessary, the vanes or arms of which are
horizontal and form part of the circumference of a cylinder whose centre is the
pivot, and the frame or screen is the discs closing the ends, revolving together or
separately.

page_text: I JAMES ROOTS, of 144 Bishopsgate Without, London, Medical Assistant, .do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
AND APPLIANCES FOR A REVOLVING LAMP, LAMP SCREEN, FRAME, OR REFLECTOR,"
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of my invention is the automatic revolution of a lamp, lamp screen,
frame, globe or reflector for advertising, lighthouses, or any other purpose, the
motive power being the current of heated air caused by said lamp or lamps in
burning.
The nature of my invention will be understood by the annexed sheet of
drawings.
For the purpose of my invention, one two or more fans A A' Figures 1 and 2 of
the drawings may be placed within the frame or screen, E that as nearly as possible
the whole of the ascending air shall exert its force upon the fan or fans. Thus if
two fans be used, the one shall be above the light the other below it fitting closely
in the lamp frame B without friction at their circumferences, and turning upon
pivots C or hardened points at their centres. To obtain greater power a large
portion of the centre of each fan may be occupied by a disc D, that is to say, the
several arms or vanes of the fan are not of the length of the radius of the fan but
only of some part of it. Thus the ascending air exerts its force upon the fan
nearer its circumference than its centre and has therefore a greater leverage
upon it.
In Figure 3 I have shown upon the same pivot and attached to one of the fans A
a toothed pinion E¹ or sleeve, into the teeth of which gear the teeth of a trans-
mitting pinion F one or more transmitting pinions may be used to balance the
power and obviate strain, the axis or pin of which pinion or pinions is attached to
an arm G which is fixed to the main axis H or pivot and is stationary. The pinion
or pinions F F1 gear into the teeth of an internal spur wheel J which is attached or
fixed to the frame or screen to be revolved. Thus the speed of the fans is converted
into power, and while the fans have say 20 revolutions, the frame screen or lamp
may have but one, and the difference is regulated by the respective sizes of the
toothed wheels.
The internal spur wheel may be affixed to the main axis or pivot and be
stationary, acting as a fulcrum, and the transmitting pinions may have their axes
attached to the frame or screen to be revolved; various slight modifications of this
kind may be made.
When it is desired to obtain an alteration in the speed of the revolving frame,
globe, or reflector I use an oscillating lever or clutch K (Figure 4) which alternately
gears and removes from gear the transmitting pinions, it may be worked by two
arms, bars, or balls L L which accumulating centrifugal force by the rapid
revolution of the fan A. raises the sleeve M on the main axis H. Any light may
be used; where oil is used two or more lamps may be placed within the frame,
'

page_text: where electricity is used, the electric current may be used also to heat a coil for
generating a current of hot air to move the fans.
Figure 5 shows the arrangement of revolving reflector N for producing a
flashing light, and Figure 6 an arrangement wherein the frame revolves round a
horizontal axis.
When the frame is required to revolve round a horizontal instead of a perpen-
dicular axis, one fan P only is necessary, the vanes or arms of which are horizontal
and form parts of the circumference of a cylinder, the discs QQ closing the ends
being pivotted and revolving on an axle S, through which the gas for the burners
may pass, and to which are affixed the stationary plates R R containing an
opening T for exhibiting the advertisements rotated on the discs QQ.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The employment of two or more fans in same revolving screen, said screen
and fans being rotated by a current of air produced by the light within a lamp as
described the fans may be parallel or not.
2. Making the wings or vanes of a fan disc of less length than the radius of the
disc as described with reference to Figure 2 of the annexed drawings.
3. The particular method of operating the lamp globe and gallery by rotation of
the fan above the flame as described with reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the
annexed drawings and thus reducing the speed or changing the speed of the fan
or fans into sufficient power to revolve the frame.
4. Affixing to a fan spindle a pegged disc or clutch K as at Figure 4 of the
annexed drawings, said clutch being governed by the appliance M L L³ to regulate
the speed or to stop it as set forth.
5. The dark revolving screen or reflector N so that the light is reflected only
when the open part is passing round within the lamp as described with reference
to Figure 5 of the annexed drawings.
6. The particular construction or arrangement of revolving lamp on a horizontal
axis as at Figure 6 of the annexed drawings.