OBTAINING OR APPLYING A PRIMARY MOTIVE POWER, NAMELY THE WATER OF A RIVER, WHICH CAUSES A VACIUM IN AN EXHAUSTING RECEIVER, WHICH MAY BE TRANSFERRED BY TUBES TO OTHER MACHINES, CAUSING WATER AND ORES TO BE RAISED FROM MINES, LIKEWISE CAUSING THE STEAM ENGINE TO BE SUPERSEDED, WATER BEING CHEAPER THAN COALS
Year: 1857

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jeffries Kingsley, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th July
1857.
I, JEFFRIES KINGSLEY, of 15, Bedford Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Lieutenant h. p. 3 Dragoons, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "OBTAINING OR APPLYING A PRIMARY MOTIVE POWER, NAMELY THE
WATER OF A RIVER, WHICH CAUSES A VACIUM IN AN EXHAUSTING RECEIVER, WHICH
MAY BE TRANSFERRED BY TUBES TO OTHER MACHINES, CAUSING WATER AND ORES TO
BE RAISED FROM MINES, LIKEWISE CAUSING THE STEAM ENGINE TO BE SUPERSEDED,
WATER BEING CHEAPER THAN COALS," to be as follows:-
1. In reference to mines, for which the Invention appears to be the most
useful, viz., wheresoever the waters which issue from the springs may be
required to be discharged at the surface thereof by means of a vacium, the
water of the river being the primary motivo power, one extremity of the rarified
air cylinder A is inserted at any point of the customary shaft or tube which
descends the mine, said cylinder being projected to the river, where its other
extremity is inserted in the lid of an exhausting receiver. The cock G may
be situnte at said insertion, which on being opened admits the dense air
of the shaft to occupy the vacium so soon as it may be offered in the
receiver.
2. Exhausting receiver B is embedded in the earth within an embankment
at the bead of the current, its air-proof lid being on the same level with the
surface of the water of the customary mill dam. In order to economize the
depth of fall, the excavation in the perpendicular direction may be as shallow

page_text: as is possible. As compensation for that seeming imperfection, the dimensions
of this vessel in the lateral direction may be enlarged to an indefinite
great extent, the cost of excavating being comparatively trifling, perhaps
1s. 6d. the cubic yard.
3. Water conductor C; one extremity is inserted in the upper region of the
receiver, the other extremity, which is bent downwards, is plunged in the mill
dam. A cock is affixed anywhere as at C, which on being opened admits
the water to rush into the receiver. Immediately on said vessel being filled
to its brim the cock is shut, thus preventing the ingress of the water.
4. Self-acting valve D is seated on the lid of the receiver; on the water of
the river rushing into same the rarified air may the more speedily effect its
escape; so soon as the receiver may be filled with water the valve will fall by
its own weight, preventing the ingress of the external air.
5. Tail race pipe E; one extremity is inserted in the lower region of the
receiver, same being prolonged down the current perhaps for 100 yards or
10,000 yards, passing several trifling falls, the engineer stopping short at the
sum of the whole, namely, at a depth of 33 feet, measuring in the perpen-
dicular direction, as set forth in the Diagram hereunto annexed. At said
depth the pipe terminates, a cock being there inserted as at F, which is
alternately opened and shut, that is to say, on the receiver being filled (the
cock C of the water conductor being shut), the cock is opened, when the
water (within that vessel) will flow out at the tail race; immediately on the
water being discharged, the cock is shut; therefore the receiver must be in
vacuo, inasmuch as a column of water 33 feet in height counterbalances
the pressure of the atinospheric column, as exemplified by the barometer.
6. I shall now describe the mode by means of which the spring water may
be raised and discharged at the surface of the mine, namely, on opening the
cock G of the cylinder A, the dense air contained within it and the shaft must
осспру the vacium already established within the receiver, causing the shaft
to be in vacuo or nearly so. Every person knows that water must ascend the
several stages of the aforesaid tube, and that it must be discharged at the
surface of the mine. Having thus proved the tenor of the heading of this my
Specification, thereby claim said primary motive or impelling power, i.c., the
water of the river, also the vacium as effected thereby, as an original Inven-
tion, disclaiming all of the vessels, cocks, and valves of the engine, as such
may have been used for various purposes.
7. Wherever a mine may be situate beyond the vacium tested distance,
namely, that of ten miles, as described in the books of some of the civil
engineers, the cost of the iron of which the cylinder consits might prove

page_text: excessive; nevertheless its area, and consequently its cost, may be reduced by
various contrivances, which cannot be discussed in a Specification. Suffice it
to state that the cost of the cylinder, and the cubical capacity of the receiver,
may prove the less by working by night as well as during the day. If the
work was suspended, vessels of larger dimensions might be demanded, as it is
evident the engine would have double duty to perform on the following
morning. At short distances there may be no difficulty whatever to be
removed, as the cost of the erecting the apparatus may not exceed that of the
steam engine, including its annual repairs and superintendence. A cylinder
one mile in length may be got at for £500.
8. In reference to the tail race, it may be noticed that wherever the depth of
fall may be abrupt, the cost of the iron of which it consists is comparatively of
no moment, as in that case the pipe must of necessity be short. But as a
depth of fall of 33 feet may not be met with for many miles down the river,
the cost of a pipe of such great length might prove excessive: wherefore it is
cut short. By that means it is obvious that its cost may be considerably
reduced, the philosophical difficulty, that of the slow motion of water in tubes,
being in no small measure removed, bringing as it were another class of mines
within the range of the system. Wherever the pipe may be shortened, as
above described, its lower extremity is hermetically scaled. One or more
embankments and mill dams I may be raised adjacent to the tail race, on
which the common water-wheel with a pump attached thereto may be
stationed, a short tube being projected from the pipe communicating in the
customary mode with the pump. The mode of working the pumps may be
briefly described, namely, as soon as the receiver may be filled to the brim tho
cock C of the water conductor is shut. The sluice I, situate at the head of
the receiver, is thus raised, whereupon the overplus water of the river will
naturally descend to the mill dam, impelling the water wheel within the
receiver, and will be pumped out of the shortened pipe, thus causing the
vacium to be effected in said receiver. Another embankment with similar
machinery may be stationed lower down the current, the water which had
impelled the first wheel performing similar duty, being assisted in so doing by
the water which had been pumped up the receiver. In all cases of a defect
of supply of water as a reason of extraordinary drought, the aid of a steam
engine of limited horse power may be invoked.