IMPROVEMENTS IN. MACHINERY OR APPARATUS' FOR DRESSING STONES FOR GRINDING .CORN,.. GRAIN, OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE. PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HESELTINE, Junior, of Bromley, in, the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
send greeting....
WHEREAS. Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-second day of December, in the ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Samuel Heseltine, Her. especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Samuel Heseltine, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns,, and, such others as I, the said Samuel Heseltine,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times hereafter during the
term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, an Invention of ". IMPROVEMENTS IN. MACHINERY OR APPARATUS' FOR
DRESSING STONES FOR GRINDING .CORN,.. GRAIN,
OTHER SUBSTANCES,"
being a communication from a Foreigner. residing abroad; in which said
Letters. Patent is contained a proviso obliging.me, the said Samuel Heseltine,
by: an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature. of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is: to: be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in
Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and

page_text: immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Heseltine, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention of Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Dressing
Stones for Grinding Corn, Grain, and other Substances, consists of a novel or
improved construction or arrangement of apparatus for holding and guiding
the chisel, bill, or cutting instrument with which such stones as aforesaid are
dressed during the operation of dressing such stones, the object of which is to
enable a workman to perform that operation with greater facility and regularity
.than has hitherto been attained. Fig. 1 in the accompanying Drawings repre-
sents a plan view of one of my improved machines; Fig. 2 is a side elevation,
and Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same taken in the lines A, B, and
A*, B, of Fig. 1. Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts of the
machine in all the Figures. a, a, a, is a solid block or plate of cast iron,
which forms the foundation or frame of the machine, and with which the
other parts are connected. When the machine is in use this plate is laid flat
upon the stone, as seen in the Figures, and in order to prevent it from moving
or slipping thereon, its under side is furnished with pieces of wood let into
recesses made there for that purpose, and covered with leather or other
suitable material, as seen at 1, 1, 1, in Figs. 2 and 3, and by dots in Fig. 1;
b, b, is a circular guide rail extending from end to end of the foundation
plate a, a, and mounted in bearings or sockets at each end, as seen best
in Fig. 2. c, c, is a raised part of the foundation plate, and forms a rail
upon which runs an antifriction wheel connected with the sliding carriage
d, d, as will be hereafter more fully explained. This carriage d, d, is
furnished with two ears or sockets e, e, which embrace the guide rod b, b, but
admit of the carriage being slidden with facility along the rod as the operation
of dressing proceeds. The outer end of the carriage is supported by an anti-
friction wheel or roller f, which runs upon the raised rail c, c, as above men-
tioned. The shaft which carries the arm or "thrift" to which the chisel, bill,
or cutting instrument is applied, is shewn at g, g; it is screwed at one end and
passes through a female screw made in the hollow shaft h, as seen in Fig. 8,
and shewn by dots in Fig. 1. The opposite or outer end of the shaft 9, 9, is

page_text: cranked, for the purpose hereafter explained, and carries a rest or. saddle
piece i, i, in which the chisel holder, arm, or thrift is mounted or held by
passing it through a hole made therein, as seen best at j in Fig. 3. This
rest i, i, is curved or shaped out at top, and forms a saddle to receive and
support the right arm of the operator.. The moveable arm, handle, or "thrift"
has a socket k at one end, which is furnished with a block of wood, through
which the chisel, bill, or cutting instrument passes, and is firmly held therein
without other fastening, and the socket and block of wood are constructed in
such a manner as to enable a workman to use the mill bills in ordinary use.
The opposite end of the moveable arm or thrift passes through a hole in the
saddle piece, and is made of such a length as to admit of its being slidden in
and out to any required distance to suit the convenience of the operator, and is
firmly secured in its place by a clamping screw above. The saddle piece i, i,
is mounted in such a manner on the cranked end of the shaft g, as admits of
communicating a free vibrating motion on its centre to the chisel arm or thrift,
but the saddle piece is prevented from moving laterally by the clamping
pieces m, m, by which it may be screwed up tight. As the continuous
vibratory motion of the saddle piece i, i, will cause the rubbing surfaces to
wear away, this wear is compensated for by making the rubbing surfaces
conical, as seen at 2, 2, in Fig. 3, which will admit of their being screwed up
close by means of the tightening nuts or clamps m, m, as they wear away.
The saddle or rest above described may, however, be constructed so as to be
fixed or independant of the holder or "thrift," the saddle and cranked shaft in
such case being made independant of each other. The cutting instruments,
chisels, or "bills," with which stones are dressed, are not always, or I should
rather say cannot always, be kept of precisely the same length, and as it is ab-
solutely necessary that the cutting edge of the chisel or "bill "should not only
be quite straight and at right angles with its length, but also that it should
strike the stone a fair blow, and in a perfectly vertical direction, the position
of the fulcrum of the arm or thrift j, j, will require alteration from time to
time according to the length of the chisel or "bill" which is used or as the
length of the chisel is diminished by wear. This is effected by simply raising
ór lowering the crank to which the rest or saddle i, i, is connected. It will be
seen, on referring to the Figures, that the cranked shaft g is furnished with á
feather n, n, and passes through a collar or cylinder o placed inside one of the
bearings; the feather n on the shaft 9 prevents it from turning round in the
collar o, but allows it to be slidden laterally therein, and the collar o is pre-
vented from turning in its bearing (when not required to do so) by a clamping
screw p, which holds it firmly and yet allows the shaft 9 to be moved laterally

page_text: therein, as before mentioned. It will now be understood, that by merely
loosening the clamping screw p the collar o will be unclamped and allowed to
turn in its bearings, carrying with it the shaft g; and by this' means the crank,
and consequently the fulcrum or axis of the chisel handle or thrift or arm,
may be raised or lowered as required. This I consider a very important
improvement. The opposite end of the shaft g is screwed, and passes through
a female screw in the hollow shaft h, which also passes through. the bearing r,
and is furnished with flanges 3, 3, as seen in Fig. 3, to prevent it from moving
laterally. A collar is fastened to this hollow shaft h by means of screws; as
seen in Figures, and is furnished with a star wheel s, whereby it is turned by
means of the thumb of the left hand; and in order to regulate the fineness of
the lines on the stone, and prevent the star wheels from being turned too
far round, the wheels is surrounded by or enclosed within a guard piece t,
which prevents more than one arm of the wheel- from being moved: forward at
one time, and also prevents. the arm being moved more than the regulated
distance. This part of the apparatus is shewn detached at Fig. 4. The fine-
ness of the dressing, or the distance of the-lines made' on the stone from one
another, may be varied by the employment of wheels with different numbers of
arms, as shewn at Figs. 5 and 6, and by simply removing the screws-4, which
fasten the star wheel s to the hollow shaft h, any other wheel may easily be
applied to the machine and exchanged for that previously in use, as.will be
well understood by any intelligent mechanic. From this it will be seen, that as
the star wheels is turned round it will carry round the hollow cylinder h, and
thereby move laterally the cranked shaft, together with the chisel arm or holder
and chisel or cutting instrument. The operation of the instrument or machine
is as follows:-The machine having been placed flat on the stone, and placed
in a proper position to commence operations (that is, to cut or dress the first
line), the carriage d, which carries the chisel handle or thrift, is slidden; up to
one end of the machine, and the workman commences operations by taking
hold of the chisel handle or thrift with his right hand, his arm being supported
in the saddle i, i, and with 'his left hand he lays hold of the hollow shaft h, his
thumb being on the guard piece t. By this means he has complete command over
the carriage d, and can move it backward and forward at his discretion within
the limits of the machine; he then strikes' the stone with the cutting edge of
the chisel or bill, and at every blow he can, if required, draw the carriage back
until it arrives at the opposite end of the line which he is. cutting. One line
will thus have been dressed in a perfectly straight direction, and in order to
dress another perfectly parallel to it but close alongside of it, the carriage d
is moved forward again to the other end of the machine by the left hand of

page_text: the operator, and the star wheels is turned round one notch, which will move
the chisel, "bill," or cutting instrument a short distance laterally, and by 'this
means a second line perfectly parallel to the first may be produced in the
manner.above explained, and by repeating the operation' until the whole of a
segment of the surface of a stone is dressed, às shewn in Fig. 7. The machine
must then be removed so as to dress another segment of the stone in a
similar manner, and so on until the whole surface of the stone' has been
dressed.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and also the manner
in which the same is to be performed or carried into effect, I would observe
that I am aware that attempts have been made to perform the operation of
dressing stones with the aid of machinery, but I do not intend to claim the
exclusive right to use every description of mechanical contrivance for regu-
lating the operation of tools in dressing such stones, or for facilitating the
performance of the operation of dressing; nor do I intend to claim any
machinery or apparatus for facilitating or regulating the said operation of
dressing, except the apparatus or machinery herein-before described, and
herein-after claimed as this Invention. And I hereby declare that I claim as
of this Invention, the sole use whereof is secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent,-
Firstly, the general arrangement or construction of the several parts of the
said apparatus or machinery, as herein-before described, for effecting the
purposes aforesaid.
Secondly, the mounting of the "bill," chisel, or cutting instrument in a
socket at the end of a handle, arm, or "thrift," and furnished with a block or
piece or pieces of wood for holding the bill or chisel in manner herein-before
described.
Thirdly, I claim mounting the handle or "thrift" of the bill or chisel in a
socket or rest connected to a crank or excentric, so that the fulcrum or axis of
such handle or "thrift" may be altered to suit the length of the bill or chisel
which is used, and cause every part of the cutting edge to come in contact
with the stone at the same time.
Fourthly, I claim the employment of a saddle or rest to support the arm of
the workman while at work, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Heseltine, Junior, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
.
(L.s.) SAM' HESELTINE, Jun'.

page_text: : AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-second day of June,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Samuel Heseltine, Junior, came
before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Twenty-second day of June; in the year above written.