Improvements in Extinguishers for Lamps Burning Volatile Oils.
Year: 1888

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Extinguishers for Lamps Burning Volatile Oils.
We ALBERT CHARLES JONES trading as Messenger and Sons of Broad Street
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturer and JOHN CHARLES CRAMPIN
READ of Serpentine Road Harborne in the County of Stafford Manager of Works do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The said invention consists of the arrangements and combinations hereinafter
described of the parts of extinguishers for lamps burning volatile oils whereby the
flame of the lamp is extinguished when the lamp is inclined at a small angle to the
perpendicular. The extinguisher besides automatically extinguishing the flame of
the lamp when the lamp is accidentally overthrown can be operated by hand like the
ordinary extinguisher.
The extinguisher consists of two flaps one on each side of the wick. These flaps
are jointed to uprights or arms at the ends of the wick case and when the lamp
is upright these flaps take such positions by their own weight that their upper
parts are free of the flame and do not interfere with its burning. The lower part
of each flap that is the part below the joint has the figure of a portion of a hollow
sphere the said lower parts when in their normal positions having together nearly
the figure of a hollow hemisphere. On each side of the wick case and below the
lower ends of the extinguishers is a nearly horizontal plate curving upwards towards
its outer end the curvature being approximately that which the lower end of the
extinguisher describes in its motion. On each of the said plates a sphere or ball of
brass or other dense material is situated the said spheres being retained between
the hollow spherical lower ends of the extinguishers the curved plates and the
wick case.
The action of the parts described is as follows. When the lamp is upright each
sphere is at the lowest part of the curved plate on which it rests that is it bears
against the wick case and the flaps of the extinguisher are open or separated to a
distance which permits of the free burning of the lamp. When however the
lamp is inclined at a small angle one or both of the spheres rolls or roll on its

page_text: The other
supporting plate. When the lamp is inclined in a vertical plane crossing the wick
case the ball on one side rolls towards the outer end of the plate on which it rests and
striking against the interior of the lower spherical arm of the extinguisher flap forces
it outwards and consequently brings the upper end over the flame.
extinguisher flap by its own weight assumes a similar position and the upper ends'of the
said flaps thus closing upon the wick extinguish the flame. If the lamp is inclined in
a plane parallel to or approaching parallelism to the plane of the wick case both balls
roll across their plates in the direction in which the lamp is inclined and striking
against the interiors of the lower ends of the spherical arms of the extinguisher
flaps cause the upper parts of the said flaps to close upon the wick and extinguish
the flame. Thus in whatever direction the lamp is inclined the flame is extinguished.
In order to operate the parts by hand so as to extinguish the flame at will a
horizontal sliding fork is fixed a short distance below the joints of the extinguisher
flaps. The arms of this fork are respectively situated on each side of the wick
case and between it and the lower parts of the flaps. The outer edges of the branches
of the fork taper towards their ends so that when the fork is pushed inwards the
lower parts of the extinguisher flaps are opened outwards the upper ends of the
flaps consequently close upon the wick and extinguish the flame. By the action of
a spring the said fork is pressed to its normal or outward position. A bell crank
lever moving in a vertical plane is situated underneath the gallery of the burner.
By pressing down the horizontal arm of the said lever its vertical arm is made
to press inwards the rod carrying the fork described and the lamp is thereby
_extinguished.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Extinguishers for Lamps Burning Volatile Oils.
We, ALBERT CHARLES JONES, trading as Messenger and Sons, of Broad Street,
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and JOHN CHARLES CRAMPIN
READ, of Serpentine Road, Harborne, in the County of Stafford, Manager of Works,
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The said invention consists of the arrangements and combinations hereinafter
described of the parts of extinguishers for lamps burning volatile oils, whereby the
flame of the lamp is extinguished when the lamp is inclined at a small angle to the
perpendicular. The extinguisher besides automatically extinguishing the flame of
the lamp, when the lamp is accidentally overthrown, can be operated by hand like the
ordinary extinguisher.
The extinguisher consists of two flaps, one on each side of the wick. These flaps
are jointed to uprights or arms at the ends of the wick case and when the lamp
is upright these flaps take such positions by their own weight that their upper
parts are free of the flame and do not interfere with its burning. The lower part
of each flap, that is, the part below the joint has the figure of a portion of a
hollow sphere, the said lower parts when in their normal positions having together
nearly the figure of a hollow hemisphere. On each side of the wick case and
below the lower ends of the extinguishers is a nearly horizontal plate curving
upwards towards its outer end, the curvaturo being approximately that which the
lower end of the extinguisher describes in its motion. On each of the said plates a
sphere or ball of brass or other dense material is situated the said spheres being
retained between the hollow spherical lower ends of the extinguishers, the curved
plates and the wick case.
The action of the parts described is as follows;-When the lamp is upright each
sphere is at the lowest part of the curved plate on which it rests, that is, it bears
against the wick case and the flaps of the extinguisher are open or separated to a
distance which permits of the free burning of the lamp. When however the lamp is
inclined at a small angle one or both of the spheres rolls or roll on its supporting
plate. When the lamp is inclined in a vertical plane crossing the wick case, the ball
on one side rolls towards the outer end of the plate on which it rests and striking
against the interior of the lower spherical arm of the extinguisher flap forces it outwards
and consequently brings the upper end over the flame. The other extinguisher flap
by its own weight assumes a similar position and the upper ends of the said flaps thus
closing upon the wick extinguish the flame. If the lamp is inclined in a plan parallel
to or approaching parallelism to the plane of the wick case, both balls roll across their
plates in the direction in which the lamp is inclined and striking against the interiors
of the lower ends of the spherical arms of the extinguisher flaps cause the upper parts
of the said flaps to close upon the wick and extinguish the flame. Thus, in whatever
direction the lamp is-inclined the flame is extinguished.
In order to operate the parts by hand so as to extinguish the flame at will-a

page_text: horizontal sliding fork is fixed a short distance below the joints of the extinguisher
flaps. The arms of this fork are respectively situated on each side of the wick case
and between it and the lower parts of the flaps. The outer edges of the branches of
the fork taper towards their ends so that when the fork is pushed inwards the lower
parts of the extinguisher flaps are opened outwards. The upper ends of the flaps
consequently close upon the wick and extinguish the flame. By the action of a
spring the said fork is pressed to its normal or outward position. A bell crank
lever moving in a vertical plane is situated underneath the gallery of the burner.
By pressing down the horizontal arm of the said lever its vertical arm is made
to press inwards the rod carrying the fork described and the lamp is thereby
extinguished.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which the said invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation, partly in section, and Figure 2 in plan, a
single wick lamp burner to which an extinguisher constructed according to this
invention is applied the extinguisher being represented in its open or normal position;
Figures 3 and 4 represent elevations taken in planes at right angles to one another,
partly in section, and Figure 5 represents a plan of the said burner, exhibiting the
extinguisher closed by the hand worked inechanism hereinafter described; and
Figure 6 represents a part of the hand worked closing mechanism of the extinguisher;
Figure 7 exhibits the action of the automatic closing mechanism of the extinguisher
when the lamp is inclined or overturned.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
and-7.
a. bare the two flaps of the extinguisher, one on each side of the wick case c. The
said flaps are jointed at d, d-to the fixed uprights-e. e-on the burner. The joints of
the flaps a. b are so arranged that when the lamp is upright the said flaps take by
their own weight the open position represented in Figures 1 and 2 and uncover the
wick. The lower part of each flap a-b-or-the-part-below the joint at.d.d is curved
or formed into a portion of a hollow sphere, each curved part or hollow sphero portion
being formed into three spherical like or curved arms. The three spherical arms of
the Hapa are marked a² a² at and the three spherical arms of the flap bare
marked bb. The lower spherical parts a² a³ a and 63 63 6 of the extinguisher
flaps when in their normal position, Figures 1 and 2, have together nearly the figure
of a hollow hemi-sphere. On each side of the wick case c is a nearly horizontal plate
slightly curved upwards, the said plates being marked respectively fand y. The said
plates f, g, are preferably made in one piece with the uprights e. e of the burner and
are soldered to the wick case c. On each of the plates and g a ball or sphere is
situated the balls or spheres being marked and i. These balls or spheres
retained between the spherical lower ends a³ a³ a' and 663 of the extinguisher
flaps a. b, the curved plates f. g, and the wick case c.
are
When the lamp is in an upright position, the balls or spheres h, i. occupy the
respective positions represented in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, each sphere being at its lowest
position on the curved plates f, g and bearing against the wick case c this position of
the said spheres being temporarily maintained by the spheres seating themselves in
holes in the said curved plates (see Figure 7). The lower curved or spherical portions
of the extinguishers are not acted upon by the spheres when the latter are in this
position, hence the extinguisher flaps a. & take their normal or open position by their
own weight as represented. Shonid the lamp be overturned or inclined to the right
hand in a plane crossing the wick case o as illustrated in Figure 7, the ball or sphere i
rolls on its supporting plate g to the outer end of the said plate or into the position
represented in the said Figure 7. In taking this position the ball or sphere strikes
against the interior of the curved or spherical arm of the extinguisher flap 6 pressing
it outwards and closing the flap over the flame. The other extinguisher flap a by
its own weight takes a similar position and the flaps a. b thus closing over the wick
extinguish the flame. When the lamp is inclined to the left hand and in a plane
crossing the wick case, the ball or sphere acts in a similar manner upon the curved

page_text: or spherical arm a² of the extinguisher flap a which flap a closing together with the
flap bextinguish the flame. If the lamp is inclined in a plane parallel to or approaching
parallelism to the plane of the wick caso c, that is, in a direction at right angles to that
in which the burner is represented inclined in Figure 7, both the balls or
spheres, i, roll across their plates f. g in the direction in which the
lamp is inclined and striking against the interior of the lower ends of the
extinguisher arms a³, 13, or a of the two flaps a. b cause the said flaps to close upon
and extinguish the flame. The same action takes place when the lamp is inclined in
any position between those described.
By the arrangement or combination of the parts described and represented the
automatic extinguishing of the flame is effected in whatever direction the lamp is
inclined.
The hand-extinguishing of the flame is effected by the following arrangement of
parts:
A is a horizontal sliding fork (shown separately in plan in Figure 6) supported
on one of the uprights e of the burner. The arms or branches of the said sliding
fork are situated on either side of the wick case e the taper ends of the said arms or
branches being situated between the said wick case and the connecting webs m, m
(see Figures 3 and 6) between the upper and lower parts of the two extinguisher
Haps is a coiled spring for pressing outwards the sliding fork k. The sliding
fork is pushed inwards by pressing down the bell crank lever into the position
represented in continuous lines in Figure 3, the short inner arm of the said lever!
acting against the vertical part of the sliding fork. As the sliding fork k is pressed
inwards its taper ends acting upon the parts at m m of the extinguisher flaps push
outwards the lower parts of the said flaps and cause their upper ends to close over and
extinguish the flame. On removing the pressure from the lever the sliding fork k is
returned to its normal position and the said lever is raised into the dotted position
represented in Figure 3 by the coiled spring n when the extinguisher flaps open by
their own weight.
Instead of hand closing the extinguisher by a sliding fork and cranked lever the
modification represented in side elevation (partly in section) in Figure 8 and plan
in Figure 9 may be used. In this modification the extinguisher lever 1,
turning on the joint carries at its inner end a curved cross piece which is
situated under the projections p,p on the lower parts of the extinguisher flaps. When
the outer arm of the lever is pressed down its inner arm and the curved cross piece (³
are raised. As the curved cross piece is raised its ends acting against the pro-
jections pp
of the extinguisher flaps separate the lower portions of the said flaps and
cause their upper parts to close over and extinguish the flame.
Figures 10, 11, and 12 represent a duplex burner containing extinguishers con-
structed according to this invention; Figures 10 and 11 representing side elevations
and Figure 12 a plan of the burner and extinguishers, the extinguishers open in
Figure 10 and hand closed in Figures 11 and 12: Figure 13, represents a side
elevation of a portion of the extinguishers: a, b, is the pair of flaps constituting the
upper parts of one extinguisher and a², 62 is the pair of flaps constituting the upper
parts of the other extinguisher, the said pairs of flaps being jointed to the burner at d, d;
c, c are the two wick cases. In this modification the two flaps of each extinguisher
are not carried by the same connecting band but the inner flap 6 or 6 of one extin-
guisher makes a pair with the outer flap a or a² of the other extinguisher as will be
understood by an examination of the separate view Figure 13. The result of this
arrangement is that when the curved or spherical lower ends of the extinguisher flaps
are automatically operated upon by the balls or spheres in the manner herein before
described, or are operated upon by the hand lever, the two flaps a, b, move in one
direction and the two flaps a, b, move in the opposite direction, the two flaps a, b of
one extinguisher and the two flaps a², 62, of the adjacent extinguisher thereby approach-
ing one another and simultaneously extinguishing the two flames of the duplex
burner.
The arrangement of parts for automatically extinguishing the flames of the duplex

page_text: burner when the lamp is inclined or overtuned is the same as that hereinbefore
described with respect to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 and the arrangement for
extinguishing the flames by hand is the same as that described and represented in
Figures 8 and 9 and corresponding parts are marked with the same letters of
reference.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that
we claim as the said invention :-
First. The construction and combination of the parts of extinguishers for lamps
burning volatile oils herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, whereby the extinguisher or extinguishers is or are automatically operated
for extinguishing the flame or flames when the lamp is inclined at a small angle or
accidently overturned; that is to say, constructing the lower end of each flap of the
extinguisher with curved or hollow spherical arms and the combination therewith of
a fixed slightly curved plate under the said curved or hollow spherical arms and on
each side of the wick case, a ball or sphere on each curved plate being retained between
the spherical arms of the extinguisher, the curved plate and the wick case, one or other
or both of the balls or spheres on the upsetting or inclination of the lamp operating
upon the said lower curved or hollow spherical ends of the extinguisher flaps thereby
closing the said flaps upon the wick and extinguishing the flame substantially as
described and illustrated; also the modification described and illustrated for
extinguishing the flames-of-duplex-burners.
Secondly. The arrangement of parts herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6; of the accompanying drawings for extinguishing the
flame or flames of the lamp by land.
Thirdly. The arrangement of parts herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 of the accompanying-drawings for extinguishing_tho
flame or flames by hand.
Dated the Thirteenth day of February 1889.