AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UTILIZING THE HEAT OF FURNACES IN THE GENERATION OF STEAM." UTILIZING THE HEAT OF FURNACES IN THE GENERATION OF STEAM
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Dudgeon, of 22, Great George Street,
Westminster, London, S.W., and of 163, Great Brunswick Street,
Dublin, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
UTILIZING THE HEAT OF FURNACES IN THE GENERATION OF STEAM."
UTILIZING THE HEAT OF FURNACES IN THE GENERATION OF STEAM."
Sealed the 23rd June 1874, and dated the 2nd January 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Dudgeon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd January 1874.
I, ARTHUR DUDGEON, of 22, Great George Street, Westminster,
London, S.W., and of 163, Great Brunswick Street, Dublin, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF UTILIZING THE HEAT OF FURNACES IN THE GENERATION OF STEAM,"
to be as follows
I combine a steam boiler or boilers with furnaces for roasting,
calcining, or smelting the ores of iron or any other metal, also with,
furnaces for calcining stones and other materials for the manufacture of
artificial cements, and with kilns for calcining lime and other stones and

page_text: for burning bricks, also with ovens for the carbonization of coal, wood,
and peat, and with ovens and furnaces for the destructive or other
distillation of any kind of wood, shale, or other material producing oils
or other distillates, the said combination being effected in the following
manner :-
In the case of blast and other furnaces of similar construction I line
in the usual manner the interior of the furnace with fire-bricks, the
thickness varying with the size and capacity of the furnace. I encircle
the said fire-brick lining with an iron boiler, which said boiler may be of
any height, and may be placed at any position of the said furnace, that
is to say, at any height above the bottom of the furnace.
If the said boiler be placed near the top of the furnace the upper
portion of the boiler may be domed and have vertical tubes passing
through the lower portion of the said dome and a smoke flue through
the upper portion of the said dome.
The furnace may also be built in such a manner that in order to
increase the heating surface an air chamber or chambers may be formed,
either wholly or in part, on the interior and exterior of the boiler, the
flues or communications from the said air spaces being gathered or
conveyed into the top of the furnace through openings formed in the
fire-brick work, and through the boiler where necessary.
In the case of other vertical furnaces for the calcination of metallic
ores or stones I introduce the boiler in a similar manner, the shape
being determined by the shape of the furnace and the quantity of steam
required.
In the case of kilns for the calcination of limestone, and also of kilns
constructed after the same manner as lime kilns, although used for other
purposes, I introduce the boiler in a similar manner to that previously
described, either with or without hot air spaces or flues in the interior
and exterior of the boiler; and the upper part of the said boiler has ;
vertical tubes and a domed top with chimney over to take away the
gazeous products of combustion, said chimney being fitted with a damper
to regulate the draught, retard or hasten the combustion, and diminish
or intensify the heat.
In the case of kilns for burning bricks I introduce the boiler in the :
centre of the kiln. lining the inside and outside of same with fire-bricks,

page_text: and in the case of down-draught kilns the boiler may be placed in the
centre, but under the level of the bottom of the kiln.
In the case of ovens for the carbonization of coal, wood, and peat, or
for the destructive or other distillation of wood, shale, or other material
for the production of oils or other distillates I introduce the boilers in
such a manner that they envelop the sides and tops of the ovens, and I
line the same with fire-bricks and carry the flues as may be required
round a portion or round the whole of the exterior so as to increase the
amount of heating surface.
In all small kilns, ovens, or furnaces I construct the upper portion of
the boiler with tubes, but in cases where a powerful draught can be
obtained and where it is necessary to procure as large a heating surface
as possible I cause these tubes to take a horizontal direction, either in
combination with or separate from the vertical tubes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur Dudgeon in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
DUDGEON, of 22, Great George Street, Westminster, London, S.W., and
of 163, Great Brunswick Street, Dublin, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Arthur Dudgeon, Her special
license that I, the said Arthur Dudgeon, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Arthur Dudgeon, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF UTILIZING THE HEAT OF FURNACES IN THE GENERATION OF STEAM,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Arthur Dudgeon,

page_text: my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and im-
mediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Dudgeon, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof:-
I combine a steam boiler or boiler with furnaces for roasting,
calcining, or smelting the ores of iron or any other metal, also with
furnaces for calcining stones and other materials for the manufacture of
artificial cements, and with kilns for calcining lime and other stones, and
for burning bricks, also with ovens for the carbonization of coal, wood,
and peat, and with ovens and furnaces for the destructive or other
distillation of any kind of wood, shale, or other material producing oils
or other distillates, the said combination being effected in the following
manner :-
In the case of blast and other furnaces of similar construction I line
in the usual manner the interior of the furnaces with fire-bricks, the
thickness varying with the size and capacity of the furnace. I encircle
the said fire-brick lining with an iron boiler, which said boiler may be of
any height, and may be placed at any position of the said furnace.
If the said boiler be placed near the top of the furnace the upper
portion of the boiler may be domed and have vertical tubes passing
through the upper portion of the boiler.
The furnace may when circumstances admit of it be built in such a
manner that in order to increase the heating surface an air chamber or
chambers may be formed, either wholly or in part, in the interior and
exterior of the boiler, the flues or communications from the said air
spaces being gathered or conveyed into the top of the furnace through
openings formed in the fire-brick work and through the boiler where
necessary.

page_text: being determined by the shape of the furnace and the quantity of steam
required.
In the case of kilns for the calcination of limestone and also of kilns
constructed after the same manner as lime kilns, although used for other
purposes, I introduce the boiler in a similar manner to that previously
described, either with or without hot air spaces or flues in the interior
and exterior of the boiler; and the upper part of the said boiler may
have vertical tubes and a domed top, or it may have horizontal tubes or
flues with bridges to aid in superheating the steam.
For convenience the boiler may be in sections connected together
with pipes.
In the case of kilns for burning bricks I introduce the boiler in the
centre of the kiln, lining the inside and outside of same with fire-bricks,
and in the case of down-draught kilns the boiler may be placed in the
centre, but under the level of the bottom of the kiln.
In the case of ovens for the carbonization of coal, wood, and peat, or
for the destructive or other distillation of wood, shale, or other material
for the production of oils or other distillates I introduce the boilers in
such a manner that they envelop the sides and tops of the ovens, and I
line the same with fire-bricks and carry the flues as may be required
round a portion or round the whole of the exterior so as to increase the
amount of heating surface.
In the case of retorts for the carbonization of peat I prefer them to be
in the shape of a vertical cylinder of size proportionate to the amount of
peat required to be carbonized. The retort is charged in any convenient
manner, which effectually precludes the admission of air, and provision
is made at the bottom of the retort for drawing a quantity of the car-
bonized peat at regular intervals, so that the operation becomes
continuous. The gas is taken from the top of the cylinder, and the gas
and vapours may be passed through pipes heated to redness when
considered advisable. The gas after passing through a condensing
apparatus is conducted into a pipe surrounding the retort. Encircling
the retort is placed the steam boiler. The air is admitted in such a
manner that its supply can be regulated and so arranged that a
5 complete combustion of the gas is effected.
The steam boiler may have when necessary vertical or longitudinal

page_text: At the bottom of the retort is placed an apparatus for withdrawing a
portion of the charge in such a manner that no contact with the air is
permitted until the carbonized peat is perfectly extinguished.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner of performing the same, I say that I make no claim to any
of the separate parts of which any of the aforesaid apparatus are com-
posed, but I claim,-
The interposition of a lining of fire-brick between the boilers and the
fire in the furnaces or kilns, whether the boilers be used for the gene-
ration of steam or heating water or other liquids.
And I claim also the combination of steam boilers with furnaces,
kilns, ovens, and retorts, substantially as herein-before described, or any
mere modification thereof.
Witness,
JOSEPH COLLINS.
ARTHUR DUDGEON. (L.S.)