for Oiling, Sizing, and otherwise Treating Leather Hides.
Year: 1885

page_text: for Oiling, Sizing, and otherwise Treating Leather Hides.
I, HAMILTON MCLAREN CALDWELL of Boden Street, London Road, Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, Leather Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
my said invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE, OR ARRANGEMENT OF
MECHANISM, FOR OILING, SIZING AND OTHERWISE TREATING LEATHER HIDES," to be
as follows:-
-
"
This Invention has for its object the permention and dressing of hides after they
have been tanned, or of leather hides, with oils or grease, or a mixture of these, or
dubbing" either with or without colouring pigments, logwood, ink, or other dies,
or of sizes or other finishing matters, by a new or improved arrangement of
mechanism or motive-power machine, instead of by mere hand appliances as hereto-
fore used, and which Invention will savo much time and labour, and effect the
purpose more uniformly over the whole surface than heretofore.
The improved machine or mechanism and apparatus consists as follows: Of a pair
of long rollers mounted to revolve over each other in bush bearings in a side frame
at each end, with vertical slots or open slides in the centre for the bush bearings.
The rollers would be longer than the broadest hide to be treated by being passed
through between them, the lower roller would revolve in stationary bushes fixed in
the lower part of the bush sliding in frames, and the upper one in bushes capable
of rising or falling in slide to some extent, and both capable of being removed by
top of slide when cover was removed. The shafts of the rollers would project
beyond the bushes and frames, so as to be geared at one or both sides by spur
wheels to revolve at the same surface speed as the rollers, and the under roller
would be driven by a fast and loose belt pulley mounted on one end of its shaft to
be driven by a belt from a pulley on any adjacent prime moving shaft. Both rollers
would have tight brass or other metal rings mounted on them near their ends,
turned a little larger in diameter than the long acting body part of the rollers
between them, so that these rings would roll on each other and prevent the acting
surface of rollers from touching or coming in contact when no hide was passing
between them, though they would both act when the hides were passing, as will be
described.
The lower roller would be covered with good felt or other equivalent, so as to
freely take up, and give off the oily or greasy matters on to the under side of the

page_text: hide passing over it. For this purpose, the lower roller would be immersed or
revolve in a long copper or other trough fitted below it, and carried on supports on
side frames, and this trough would be kept always partially filled and regularly
supplied with the oleaginous substances from a supply filler or service cistern
placed a little above it, and regulated by a small pipe and a tap or valve which
might be made automatic if worked by a float in the trough when this was desired.
A drawing off pipe and tap would also be fitted to the lowest part of this trough
for removing the oil therefrom when required. And a small steam pipe would be
fitted in the lower part of the trough to warm and liquify the oils when this was
required, controlled by a tap or valve for letting the steam into the pipe, and one
for letting off the condensed steam or water at its other end. The middle surface
of the upper roller would be well filled with small staples or U shaped wires
driven into it, leaving the rounded ends of an uniform circumferential height; all
so that as the hides were fed in between the rollers with their inner or hard side
upwards, this wire surface of the roller would, without injury, grip and press the
hide against the oiling felt surface of the lower roller while drawing it through
between the rollers. The upper front surface of the oiling roller, above the trough
and below where the hides are fed in, would have a doctor blade fitted in screw
slides to press on and take off all superfluous oil, the screws regulating the desired
quantity of oil the felt surface of the roller would spread on and press into the
outer soft surface of the hide, as it passes through between the rollers; this outside
of the hide being always fed in downwards next the surface of the lower roller for
having the oil so pressed into it. The upper roller may be pressed down by
regulating pressure springs, weights, or levers, and these or extra levers fitted with
a treadle for lifting the upper roller, by its bushes in the slides, off the lower roller
when desired.
As it is of great consequence that no grease or dirt should get on to the upper
and inner surface of the hides, this is ensured by the said mode of making and
fitting the upper roller, with no plain surface to take on oil or grease, and also
preventing the rounded ends of the gripping and pressing wire ever touching the
oiling surface of the lower roller.
A further improvement consists in fitting a convenient arrangement of travelling
platform, of endless bands or cords passed round two revolving rollers, one carried
in bearing brackets near or on the frame, and the other at the loops of the cords to
where the hides have to be carried for further treatment. The first being con-
venient to where the hides are delivered through the rollers oiled or finished,
preferably a little beyond and above the upper roller, so that the attendant can
just turn the upper surface of hides on to surface of carrying cords which would
carry them to the place desired. The front roller of this cord travelling platform
might be driven by a belt from a pulley on one end of the shaft of the lower roller,
or it might be from one on the shaft driving the shaft of the lower roller.
Dated this 6th Fahanau 100K

page_text: for Oiling, Sizing, and otherwise Treating Leather Hides.
I, HAMILTON MCLAREN CALDWELL of Scotia Leather Works, Boden Street,
Glasgow, Lanarkshire, leather manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to effect the treatment of tanned or untanned
leather hides with oils, grease, dubbing or other matters either alone or in
admixture with coloring matters and the like by the use of an improved machine,
instead of by the hand appliances heretofore in use. My invention is illustrated
by the accompanying drawings in which figure 1, is a sectional side elevation and
figure 2 is a front elevation of the improved machine.
The improved apparatus comprises a pair of long rollers A. B. mounted to revolve
over each other in bush bearings in side frames C. C. which are formed with
vertical slots or open slides in the centre for the bush bearings. The rollers A. B.
are of greater length than the broadest hide to be treated and the lower roller A.
revolves in stationary bushes fixed in the lower part of the frames while the upper
one B. revolves in bushes C. which are capable of rising or falling in the slides
both being removable through the top of the slides. The shafts of the rollers A. B.
project beyond the frames C. C. and are geared at one or both sides by spur
wheels
D, D, and the under roller is driven by fast and loose belt pulleys E, E, and a belt
from a pulley on an adjacent rotating shaft. Both rollers A, B, are fitted near their
ends with brass or other metal rings a, b, or rings of any other material, such rings
being a little larger in diameter than the rollers proper, so that these rings roll on
each other and prevent the acting surfaces of the rollers from touching or coming
into contact when they are not kept apart by the hides which pass through
between them.
The lower roller is covered with felt or similar material in order that it may
readily take up oily, greasy, or other matters and apply them to the sides of the
hides which are passed over and in contact with that roller. The lower roller is
immersed and revolves in a long trough F of copper or other material which is
fitted below it and is carried on side frames G, which also support the roller
carrying frames; and this trough F, may be kept always partially filled and be
regularly supplied with the substances from a supply filler or service cistern H;
placed a little above it, the supply being regulated by a small pipe and tap or
valve which may be made to open or close automatically to maintain an approxi-
mately uniform level in the trough F. A drawing-off pipe I provided with a tap
is also fitted to the lowest. part of this trough F for removing the oily or other
substances therefrom when required, and a small steam pipe J may be fitted in the
lower part of the trough to warm and liquify the substances if necessary, the steam
supply and the discharge of water of condensation being controlled by taps or
valves. The upper roller B. is fitted with small staples. or U-shaped or rounded
wires which are driven into it, leaving the rounded ends of an approximately
uniform height on the periphery of the roller. As the hides are fed in between

page_text: the rollers they are gripped and pressed by the wires or teeth on the roller B, to
bear against the felt or other surface of the lower roller A, while they are drawn
through between the rollers. A doctor blade K, is fitted in contact with the
surface of the feed roller A, above the trough F, and below the point where the
hides are fed in, the doctor being fitted with screws by which its position is
regulated in order that it may take off superfluous oil or other substance in use
and leave upon the surface of the roller the quantity requisite for pressing into
the bide, as it passes through between the rollers. The upper roller B, may be
pressed down by regulating springs, weights, or levers; and a lever L fitted with
a treadle M is provided for lifting the upper roller B off the lower roller A. It is
of importance that the side of the hides not intended to be treated should be kept
free from the grease or other substances in use, and it is with that object in view
that the upper roller is fitted with the wire staples to press on the hides and that
the rings a, b, are fitted round the rollers to prevent contact with the surface of
the lower roller.
A further improvement consists in fitting over the rollers a series of endless
bands or cords N, which are passed round two revolving rollers, O, P, the one O,
being carried in bearing brackets near to or on the framing C, and the other P,
being carried by brackets fitted on suitable supports at the point where the hides
have to be carried for further treatment. The hides as they pass through the
rollers A, B, may be turned over onto the travelling bands N, by an attendant, or a
guide Qmay be provided to lead the hides round the roller O, and on to the bands
by which they are carried with the treated side uppermost in order that the oily
or other matter may permeate the hides. The guide Q may be fitted to vibrate
on a carrying shaft which may be operated by a treadle acted on by the foot of
the attendant, to throw up the hide over the roller O as it passes from the
rollers A, B. The front roller O, carrying the travelling cords or bands may be
driven by a belt R, and pulley S, from a pulley T, on one end of the shaft of the
lower ruller A, or from any other shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
'I claim is
(1.) The combination of parts constituting the improved machine for oiling,
sizing and otherwise treating leather hides substantially as herein described and
illustrated.
(2.) In a machine for oiling, sizing and otherwise treating leather hides the
arrangement and combination of the rollers A, B, of which one is fitted with staples
or wires adapted for pressing on and drawing through the hides under treatment
and the other is immersed in a trough containing oily or other matters and is
suitably covered to adapt it for spreading such matters on to the surface of the
hides passing between the rollers substantially as berein set forth.
(3.) The combination with mechanism of the kind described in the preceeding
claim of a series of endless travelling bands adapted to carry the hides in such
wise that the oily or other substances used may permeate the hides, substantially
us herein set forth.
Dated this Toranty find dave of Ontolin 100%
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
135, Buchanan Street, Glasgow,
Agents.