Improvements in Looms for Weaving and Cutting Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left. 16th Jan.. 1897-Accepted, 10th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving and Cutting Pile Fabrics.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY, of North Brook Works, Keighley,
in the County of York, Machine Maker, SIMEON JACKSON, of the same address,
Manager, and BENJAMIN WALKER, of 75 Ferncliffe, Bingley, in the County of
York, Buyer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It relates to looms, for weaving looped pile fabrics, in which the loops are formed"
by a hooked comb or a series of hooks engaging the pile warp, as described in
Specification No. 844 of 1895, and consists of certain improvements and modifica-
tions in the mechanism therein described, the characteristic features of which are.
the employment of the dobby for controlling the comb engaging the threads of the
pile warp, the use and employment of a knife cutting the loops of the pile, such"
knife being also actuated and controlled by means of the dobby, and an improved
Means are also adopted
arrangement of letting-off mechanism for the pile warp.
for arresting the action of the weft fork when the pile warp is being lifted up by
the comb, as, during that operation, it is found desirable to miss a pick; further,
arrangement is made for stopping the action of the dobby draw catches which
control the comb and cutting knife when lagging back.
In carrying into effect these improvements, we employ the short shaft named in
the before-named specification. The comb is also mounted and arranged to
operate as therein described, that is, it receives its rocking and longitudinal motions
from the aforesaid short shalt. Instead, however, of intermittently rotating the
short shaft from the tappet shaft by segment gearing, we fit loosely onto the short
shaft a spur wheel, which gears with a spur wheel on the tappet shaft. The former
wheel is dished and revolves round a clutch secured to the short shaft and which is
Dorinally held out of gear with the spur wheel. The clutch consists of a boss fitted
with a sliding tongue which, by the action of a spring is forced into a recess formed
within the wheel, unless held back against spring pressure by a lever or bar
connected to a jack lever of the dobby. For this purpose the tongue is connected
to a lever, one end of which is arranged to meet or come into contact with the
lever or bar coupled to the jack lever of the dobby. Immediately the dobby lever
is moved, the spring acts on the tongue, so that as the spur wheel revolves and the
recess comes opposite to the sliding tongue the latter is shot into the former, thus
coupling the spur wheel to the short shaft. When the dobby lever is moved back
again, and the clutch lever comes into contact therewith the sliding tongue is
pulled out of the recess, and the short shaft is uncoupled from the spur wheel.
The spur wheels are made eccentric in shape, so that at the time when the clutch
is put into or out of gear the speed is reduced, and the short shaft is not put into
revolution too suddenly.
We form the comb with a double row of hooks, between which we mount and
carry a knife. Normally the knife is held above the extremities of the hooks, but
after each movement of the comb, and after the weft has been introduced to
bind the pile warp into the foundation of the fabric, the said knife is moved
downward and crosswise between the double row of hooks, thus cutting the looped
threads.
The said knife is operated to sever the loops by a jack lever of the dobby, to

page_text: which it is connected by suitable levers and rods, or equivalent mechanism for
giving to it the necessary motion, provision being made for the movement of the
knife downward and sideways with the comb, when the latter is operated to pick
up the threads of the loop warp.
It being generally necessary to miss a pick whilst the looping mechanism is in
operation, the loom may be arranged at the required time to miss a pick at one
side and make two picks in succession at the other side, any well-known form of
mechanism being employed for stopping the picking motion, such mechanism
being either operated directly from the dobby or from the before-named short
shaft, or as otherwise found convenient to stop the picking at the proper
moment.
When stopping a pick it is also necessary to prevent the weft fork stopping the
loom. In order therefore to keep up the weft fork under these conditions, we
make the short shaft with a swell or projection which will bear against a rod or
lever. The spindle. of the weft fork is also provided with a projection, so that by
an arrangement of rods and levers the swell or projection on the short shaft
prevents the weft fork from falling and putting the stop mechanism into
operation.
For the purpose of letting off the pile warp, we employ an arrangement whereby,
when the warp is drawn forward by the rising of the comb, the tension or pull
thereby put onto the warp effects a lifting of the weights to which the friction
chains passing around the warp beam are coupled.
This arrangement consists of two bell-crank levers, the horizontal ends of which
are weighted. These levers work on or with a fulcrum rod extending across the
loom, and their vertical or lower ends are connected by another transverse rocking
bar. The warp threads pass partially around the fulcrum rod, and then partially
around and under the rocking bar, to the healds, so that, when the pile warp threads
are pulled by the rising hooks of the comb, the weighted ends of the levers are
raised, and the friction taken off the warp beam.
The requisite length of warp to forin the pile is thus readily drawn from the
beam, but immediately the pull is released the weighted levers fall and give the
warp the requisite amount of tension.
When lagging back, the portion of the dobby mechanism controlling the motion
of the comb and cutting knife is rendered inoperative. For this purpose a lever is
provided coupled to the rod which is moved by the operative, preparatory to
lagging back. This said lever operates on the draw catches of the before-named
portion of the dobby whereby they are kept in position necessary for the non-
movement of the comb and cutting knife.
Dated this 21st don M
1000
J. SIDNEY CRITCHLEY,
9 Charles Street, Bradford, Agent for the Applicants.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY, of North Brook Works, Keighley, in
the County of York, Machine Maker, and SIMEON JACKSON, of the same address,
Manager and BENJAMIN WALKER, of 75, Ferncliffe, Bingley, in the aforesaid
county, Buyer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in that type of loom for weaving pile

page_text: fabrics in which the pile is formed by a hooked comb or a series of hooks which
periodically engage the pile warp and hold it whilst the loops are formed as
described in Specification No. 844 dated 14th January 1895; and the object of
the invention is to enable the loons to be cut; also to enable the loop forming and
cutting mechanism to be operated by a "dobby"; and also to arrest the action of
the weft fork stop motion when the pile loops are formed as during that operation
it is found desirable to miss a pick of the weft.
To fully describe our invention, reference is made to the accompanying sheets of
drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in each of the figures.
Figure 1, represents a front elevation of such parts of a looni as are necessary to
illustrate the application of our invention. Figure 2, represents a plan view, and
Figure 3, represents an end view of the same. Figures 4 to 9, represent views
of detail hereinafter referred to.
The hooked comb A a portion of which is shown on a larger scale in Figures 4, 5
and 6 and is mounted on curved arms A 2 and A 3 projecting from the rocking
shaft A 4. This shaft is intermittently rocked and also moved longitudinally in
the manner and for the purpose described in the above cited specification by means
of the short shaft C 4 the inner end of which is shown broken away. In this
case, however the short shaft C4 is intermittently operated by the wheel C 5 fixed
on the tappet shaft H 3 engaging the wheel C6 loosely mounted on the short
shaft C 4 and this latter wheel is intermittently locked to the short shaft by means
of the sliding bolt C 7 fitted in the groove C 8 formed in the face of the disc C9
rigidly fixed on the short shaft C4 and lying in the recess E formed in the
projection C on the face of the wheel C 6. A lever D is mounted upon the
stud D 2 fixed in the face of the disc C 9 and this lever is provided with a slot D.3
which engages the pin D4 rigidly fixed in the bolt C 7. A spiral spring D.5
stretching between the screw D 6 fixed in the lever D and the screw D7 fixed in
the disc C 9 tends to move the lever D so as to force the upper end of the bolt C.7
outwards and cause it to engage the notch E 2 formed in the internal periphery
of the recess E. Figure 8, represents a separate view of these parts with the
bolt C7 engaging the notch E 2. The bolt C7 is disengaged from the notch E2
and is normally held disengaged therefrom by means of the lever E3 which is
moved across the path of the stud D projecting from the end of the lever D
and by arresting the motion of the lever disengages the bolt and stops the
shaft C4. The lever E 3 is pivoted upon the stud E4 fixed in the side frame B2
and the arm E 5 of the lever E 3 is connected by the rod E 6 to one end of the
lever E 7 mounted upon the stud E 8 fixed to the side frame B 2. The other end
of the lever is connected by the rod E 9 to one of the jack levers of the dobby
employed to operate the shedding mechanism. It has not been deemed
necessary to show the dobby as its construction and application to a loom is well
known and it will be readily understood that each time the shaft C 4 requires to
be operated the dobby is made to lower the rod E 9 which through the medium of
the connecting parts disengages the lever E 3 from the stud D 8 and leaves the
bolt C 7 at liberty to engage the notch E 2 constantly revolving with the wheel C 6
and locks that wheel to the shaft C 4. The wheels C5 and C6 are preferably
made eccentric to reduce the speed of the wheel C 6 at the time the bolt C 7
engages and disengages the notch E 2.
The comb A is provided with a double row of hooks a, a and the knife G for
cutting the loops is located between them. Immediately before the comb is
moved to form the next row of loops the knife is brought down to the position
shown in Figure 3 and in the separate sectional view Figure 6 and the loops then
upon the hooks are thereby cut and consequently released from the hooks. To
enable this movement to be imparted to the knife it is mounted upon the studs G 2
fixed in the arms G 3 aud G 4 pivoted upon the studs G 5 fixed to the arms A. 2
and a 4 on the shaft A 4. Figures 4, 5 and 7 show the parts upon a larger scale.

page_text: The arm G 3 is adjustably connected by the screws G 6 to the bevel wheel G7
this wheel engages the bevel wheel G 8 mounted upon the stud G 9 fixed to the
arm A 2. The arm H is fixed to the wheel G 8 and has a projecting stud H 2
which normally lies concentric with the shaft A 4 as shown in Figures 1 and 2
therefore the comb may be moved to engage the pile warp without independent
movement of the knife G. To depress the knife and at the same time slide it
longitudinally so as to produce a smooth cutting movement the lever H' is provided
having a slot H 4 which engages the stud H2. The lever H' is mounted upon
the stud H 5 fixed to the bracket B and is connected by the rod H 6 to the
lever H 7 placed upon a stud H 8 also fixed to the bracket B. The lever H7 is
connected by a rod H 9 to one of the jack levers of the dobby which is arranged
to be depressed each time the knife requires to be operated. The arm G 4 is
adjustably connected to the disc g loosely mounted upon the stud G 5 fixed in the
arm a 4.
"
The comb A is shown in Figure 3 in the position it occupies after the loops are
formed and the intermediate picks of the weft are introduced then the loops are
cut. To engage the warp again to form the next row of loops the comb is moved
to the position shown by the broken lines a 2 Figure 3 when the slay 03 is moved
back and the warp e is lifted, and after the hooks a have passed beneath the warp
the above mentioned longitudinal movement is imparted to the shaft A 4 in order
to enable the whole of the pile warp then lifted to be engaged by the hooks.
Then after the hooks are passed back to their normal position the pile warp is
⚫ lowered and the intermediate picks of weft are introduced so as to bind the pile
to the fabric as much as possible before the loops are cut.
It is generally desirable to miss a pick whilst the looping mechanism is in
operation for this purpose the loom may be provided with any ordinary mechanism
arranged at suitable intervals to miss a pick at either end.
To prevent the weft fork mechanism from operating the stop mechanism when
a pick is missed in this way we provide a projection N on the spindle N 2 carrying
the weft fork N 3 which projection is engaged by the top of the rod O each time
a pick is missed and the weft fork is thereby prevented from falling and putting
the stop mechanism into operation.
The rod O passes through the top guide O 2 secured to the front of the slay 03
and is hinged below to the arm 04 projecting from the front of the rocking
shaft 5 mounted in bearings O 6. 06. The shaft O5 is vibrated each time the
comb A is operated by its arm 07 connected to the arm 08 by the rod O 9.
The arm 08 carries an anti-friction roller R which is kept in contact with the
periphery of the cam R2 (rigidly secured to the shaft C4) by the spiral
spring S.
Figure 9, represents a separate side view of the cam R 2 and certain other
parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tiou, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In a loom for weaving and cutting pile fabrics, the combination with a
double row of pile forming hooks, of a knife located between them, substantially
as herein shown and described.
2. In a loom for weaving cut pile fabrics, the combination with the cutting
knife of the mechanism operating it, substantially as herein shown and
described.
3. The construction and arrangement of mechanism herein shown and described
whereby the movement of the pile forming hooks are controlled by the dobby,
substantially as herein shown and described.
4. In a loom for weaving looped pile fabrics, the combination with the weft
⚫ stop fork of a device controlled by the pile forming mechanism and adapted to

page_text: hold the weft fork out of action when a pick is required to be missed, substantially.
as herein shown and described.
Dated this 15th day of January 1897.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Patent Agents..