AN IMPROVEMENT IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Pellew Plenty and William Pain, of
Newbury, in the County of Berkshire, Agricultural Implement Manu-
facturers and Copartners, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
PLOUGHS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Pellew Plenty
and William Pain at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 16th May 1855.
We, EDWARD PELLEW PLENTY and WILLIAM PAIN, of Newbury, in the
County of Berkshire, Agricultural Implement Manufacturers and Copartners,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
PLOUGHS" has reference to wheel ploughs, and consists in an improved arrange-
ment for raising and lowering the wheels. For this purpose the wheel stalk is
formed in two divisions, the lower part consisting of a plain square stem, the
upper part being a screw. The wheel stalk passes through two apertures in a
forked guide attached to the plough beam. The lower aperture has a square
hole through which the wheel stalk slides, while the upper one carries a revolv-
ing nut and handle. On turning this handle the nut rotates, and according to

page_text: the direction in which it is turned the wheel is either raised or lowered. Each
wheel of the plough is thus capable of a separate and independent adjustment
with facility.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Pellew Plenty and William Pain, in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th November 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
PELLEW PLENTY and WILLIAM PAIN, of Newbury, in the County of Berkshire,
Agricultural Implement Manufacturers and Copartners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Edward Pellow Plenty and William Pain, Her special licence that
we, the said Edward Pellew Plenty and William Pain, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Edward Pellew Plenty
and William Pain, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN PLOUGHS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Edward Pellew Plenty and William Pain, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Pellew Plenty and William
Pain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our improvement has reference to wheel ploughs, and consists in an improved
arrangement for raising and lowering the wheels. For this purpose the wheel

page_text: stalk is formed in two divisions, the lower part consisting of a plain square
stem, the upper part being a screw. The wheel stalk passes through two
apertures in a forked guide attached to the plough beam. The lower apperture
has a square hole through which the wheel stalk slides, while the upper one
carries a revolving nut and handle. On turning this handle the nut rotates,
and according to the direction in which it is turned the wheel is either raised
or lowered. Each wheel of the plough is thus capable of a separate and
independent adjustment with facility.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed to
describe the manner in which we perform the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, and Figure 2 a side elevation, of our said
improvement, detached from the plough. A, a, is the wheel stalk, the upper
part A of which is formed into a screw, the lower part a being square. B, B.
is a forked guide frame, with apertures in the arms c and d, through which the
wheel stalk passes. Within the aperture c there is a revolving screwed nut,
furnished with a jointed handle h. The lower aperture d is square, to fit the
lower division of the wheel stalk. E is a stem which passes through the
plough beam, or through eyes affixed thereto, being fixed at any elevation on
the forked guide frame B, B, that may be required, and by sliding in and out
regulates the width of the wheels. It may be secured in the required position
by any of the usual appliances. W is the wheel.
On turning round the nut by the handle h, the wheel stalk and wheel are
raised or lowered in the guide frame, according to the direction in which the
handle is turned, the exact amount of elevation or depression being accurately
measured by counting the number of turns given to the handle.
The elevation or depression of the wheels (that is, of the plough) can be
very conveniently effected while the plough is in motion, without any necessity
for stopping it to make the required adjustment. The handle h being jointed
to the revolving nut, is turned down after the adjustment is completed, when it
is prevented from rotating by its contact with the upper arm of the guide
frame B. Figure 3 is a side view, and Figure 4 a front view, of a wheel
plough, to which our improvement is shewn as applied. The same letters
refer to similar parts in each of these Figures.
What we claim as new and constituting our said Invention is, the combina-
tion and arrangement for mounting the wheels of fixed wheel ploughs, and
implements used in the cultivation of land, requiring alteration of depth, upon

page_text: an adjustable wheel stalk, as herein-before described, and shewn in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Pellew Plenty and William
Pain, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifteenth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-five.
Witness;
W. BADDELEY.
PLENTY & PAIN.
P WILLIAM PAIN.
..
(LS.)
(LB.)..