Improvements in Liquid Fuel, and in Means or Apparatus Employed in the Manufacture thereof.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 17th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 20th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Liquid Fuel, and in Means or Apparatus Employed
in the Manufacture thereof.
We FRANCIS EDWARD BARON and CECIL COURTENAY FRY, both of Hampton
Wick Ironworks, Hampton Wick, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to improvements in the preparation of certain matters to
be employed as a liquid fuel for heating purposes.
In the preparation of our improved liquid fuel we mix a proper proportion of a
hydrocarbon oil such as ordinary commercial petroleum oil with a suitable
proportion of water to which is added a small proportion of a saponaceous
composition and the whole in a constant state of agitation is heated to a tem-
perature of from 202° Fab. to about 212° Fah. The temperature should not
exceed 212° F. as such excess would have a deleterious effect on the resultant
product.
The following ingredients in about the proportions indicated have been found to
give satisfactory results, that is to say :-
Petroleum oil of low value
Water
Soap of the character commonly described as
a masked soap or a petroleum soap
-
-
80 parts.
60 to 80 parts.
} 4 parts.
The quantity of water if it exceeds or falls short of the range of proportion
given has not been found to produce the desired result.
Should an unpleasant odour be produced in the composition by the soap used this
can be neutralized by the addition of a suitable deodorizer such as a slight addition
of carbolic acid.
The admixture we find can be conveniently effected by driving into a suitable
container measured quantities of the oil and of the water by means of steam
injection the steam serving as the agitating means as well as the heating medium,
although the means employed may be varied very considerably in construction.
One construction may embody a measured container for the oil which by means
of the steam is ejected from this container through the jet into the water vessel the
quantity of which is adjusted provision being made for the condensation of the
steam resulting and the steam jet may be continued until the desired heat
indicated; the saponaceous inatter being dissolved either previously to or during
this operation.
It will be found that, when the matters are properly admixed and have become
heated to the temperature given, a change takes place and all frothing subsides
leaving a greenish transparent liquid which is ready for use.
The saponaceous matter which we have so far found to give the best results is
that description of soap compound commonly known as Sunlight soap and manu-
factured by Messieurs Lever Brothers of Port Sunlight Liverpool and also of
London, but we do not confine ourselves thereto.
The improved fuel may be burned in a suitable receptacle beneath a boiler or
other body to be heated, in a suitable sheet or body constantly supplied and with a
properly applied natural draught.
Dated the 16th day of November 1893.

page_text: commonly described as
.4 parts.
a masked soap or a petroleum soap
The quantity of water if it exceeds or falls short of the range of proportion given
has not been found to produce the desired result.
Should an unpleasant odour be produced in the composition by the soap used this
can be neutralized by the addition of a suitable deodoriser such as a slight addition
of carbolic acid.
The admixture we find can be conveniently effected by driving into a suitable
container measured quantities of the oil and of the water by means of steam
injection the steam serving as the agitating means as well as the heating medium,
although the means employed may be varied very considerably in construction.
One construction may embody a measured container for the oil which by means
of the steam is ejected from this container through the jet into the water vessel the
quantity of which is adjusted, provision being made for the condensation of the
steam resulting and the steam jet may be continued until the desired heat is
indicated; the saponaceous matter being dissolved either previously to or during
this operation.
This construction is shewn in the drawing by a front view.
A pipe a serves to convey the oil from a measured container into a cylinder b.
This cylinder 6 contains a nozzle c from a steam pipe d which has a cock d¹. The
steam issuing from the nozzle c through the conical exit e, draws by suction the oil
through the pipe a and forces it through the cylinder into the vessel f containing
an adjusted quantity of water.
The resultant heated product is led away by means of a pipe 9 which has &
cock g¹.
It will be found that when the matters are properly admixed and have become
heated to the temperature given, a change takes place and all frothing subsides
leaving a greenish transparent liquid which is ready for use.

page_text: The saponaceous matter which we have so far found to give the best results is
that description of soap compound commonly known as Sunlight soap and manu-
factured by Messieurs Lever Brothers of Port Sunlight Liverpool and also of
London but we do not confine ourselves thereto.
The improved fuel may be burned in a suitable receptacle beneath a boiler or
other body to be heated, in a suitable sheet or body constantly supplied and with a
properly applied natural draught.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The manufacture and use of liquid fuel for heating purposes, by admixture of
hydrocarbon oil with water containing a small proportion of a saponaceous com-
position, the whole being kept during mixture in a state of agitation in a vessel and
at a temperature of from about 2020 to 212° Fahr. as set forth.
2. The manufacture and use of a liquid fuel composed of about 80 parts of a
suitable petroleum or like hydrocarbon oil mixed with about 60 to 80 parts of
water impregnated with about 4 and one half parts of a saponaceous matter (such
as a masked soap or petroleum soap of the kind described) and admixed whilst
heated to about 202° to 212° Fah. in a suitable vessel substantially as set forth.
3. The herein described composition of matters to form a liquid fuel and the
means or apparatus for effecting the thorough admixture of the same with the aid
of steam as set forth.
Dated the 15th day of September 1894
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.