Improvements in Electric Motor Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th July, 1890-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1890
COME LEIDSIDUIFICATION,
Improvements in Electric Motor Apparatus.
I, STANLEY CHARLES CUTHBERT (URRIE, Electrician, a subject of the Queen of
Great Britain, now residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., do hereby declare
the nature of this invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC MOTOR APPARATUS, and
in what manner the same is to be perforined, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention is more especially designed for use upon electric motor cars. Generally
the invention involves two main features, co-operating and in one sense mutually
dependent upon each other, but each broadly considered not being necessarily dependent
upon the other. These general features are:
First: An organization of motors and a storage-battery in which the battery may
be charged from an outside source (in the case of a street-car, by means of overhead
or conduit wires, in connection with a main generating-station), the arrangement being
such that the excessive variations of current required by the motor or notors is mainly
supplied by the storage-battery, which, at other times, is being continuously charged
from the ontside source of electrical energy. Thus, when the load is light, the batteries
are being charged, while, on the other hand, when the load is heavy, the batteries are
discharging and assisting the current from the outside source in the coils of the motor.
Second: I provide an arrangement by which I obtain an increased power and
efficiency when the greatest amount of power is required and when, as ordinarily
arranged, the motors have their least efficiency; that is upon the starting of the car.
My invention is fully set forth in the following specification and the drawing, which
illustrates one embodiment or practical organization of my ideas.
The drawing is a bottom, diagrammatic view of a section of a car-body A, showing
one axle A', and driving and carrying-wheels A2, A2. Two motors B, C, are swung
at,, and c, c, upon the axle A¹. At their opposite ends, the field-poles are bolted
to a frame D, which is secured to the under side of a car-body. The armature-shaft of
the motor B, carries a pinion B¹, working in a gear B², on a shaft B³, and a gear B³,
on this shaft, gears with a cog B, on the car-axle. The shafts of the armatures of
the two motors B, C, are in line with each other, and between the two shafts a clutch-
mechanism is provided for locking them together. I have shown an electro-magnetic
clutch device, and when I use a clutch of that character, I preferably construct it in
the following manner.
Upon the end of the armature-shaft of the motor B, I provide an electro-magnet
with two cores, the outer one E, being in the form of a hollow cylinder, and the inner
one E¹, solid, the wire being wound between the two. In the drawing the inner
core E¹, is shown as formed by the end of the armature-shaft, while the outer cup-
shaped or cylindrical casing or core is secured to the armature-shaft.
The armature E, for this magnet, consists of a plate or disk mounted upon the end
of the shaft of the motor C, and presses only upon the outer core; or, in other words,
upon the edge of the cylinder E, the inner core E¹, being a trifle shorter to prevent
contact with the armature E'. The armature E³, may have a slight play upon the end
of the motor C, or the shaft itself may have a slight end wise motion in its bearing E³.
The current is led to the coil of the magnet E, E', through brushes e, e¹, bearing
respectively upon insulated rings mounted upon a hub, carried by the cylinder E, and
with which the terminals of the coil of the magnet are connected, as plainly indicated
in the drawing. The organization thus far described is a suitable one for practising
my invention, but I do not wish to be understood as limiting the invention to this
special construction.
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SB represent a storage-battery shown as carried within the car. L+ and L
represent the leads from a source of electric energy. The current is taken from

page_text: the lead L by a wheel or rubber 1, and line l, to the contact s¹, of a switch S,
through lever, of switch and conductor, to the motor C, which may be of any
ordinary character. From the motor, the circuit passes by line 13, to one pole of
the storage-battery S B. From the conductor 1, or from this same pole of the
storage-battery, a wire 1, runs to the brush e, through the electro-magnetic clutch-
coil, and out by brush e, and by wire 1, through the motor B, and thence by wire 1º,
to the lever of a resistance switch S¹, the contacts of which are connected by a
line, with the opposite end of the storage-battery S B, this pole of the battery
being connected, through line 18, with a suitable rubber or roller o, bearing on the
lead L+ of the outside circuit. This same pole of the storage-battery is connected
by a wire m, with the end contact-plate 8, of the resistance switch S.
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The lever of the switch S being upon the contact s', the current from L.
passes to the switch-lever and by line 12, through the motor C, to the storage-battery.
The current will therefore be constantly running through the motor C, and through
the storage-battery, the result being that the former is revolved and the battery
charged. If the car is at rest, the motor C being without a load, will revolve at
a very high speed, and, in doing so, will increase the opposing E.M.F. between
the end of the battery and the line L A small current will therefore be running
into and charging the battery.
On starting the car, the switch S₁ is turne.i so as to allow a current to pass
through the motor B, and the electro-magnetic clutch E, E', being in circuit 1,
from the storage-battery and from line 13, the clutch magnet attracts its armature E³,
which is revolving at a high rate of speed. The result is the motor B is actuated
by the current flowing in its circuit 14, 1, 1, and at the same time the armature-
shaft of the magnet C, which is running at very high speed, is by gradually increasing
friction of the clutch, locked with the armature of the shaft B, and the full power
of the motor C, which is then running at its greatest efficiency, will assist the
motor B in starting the car or performing the work to be done.
As the speed of the motor C is gradually decreased, the current through this motor
will be relatively increased, and the two motors will consequently assist each other
and eventually run together at the same speed. Upon slowing down, the current in
the motor B may be decreased by the manipulation of the resistance switch S', and
finally cut off al ogether by the opening of that switch, and when this occurs the clutch
magnet releases its armature, and the motor again runs up to its fullest speed
without any load and continues to effect the charging of the storage-battery. By
placing the lever of the switch S upon any one of the contacts s, of the resistance
switch, obviously the motor will be included in a circuit running from the storage-
battery only. Both motors B, C, would then be in parallel, and both run from the
storage-battery, only.
This arrangement of circuits, switches, &c., is a suitable one, but the invention is
not necessarily limited to it.
For
The relative E.M.F. of the storage-battery and outside circuit, as well as resistance
of motors and circuits, will of course be adapted to the necessities of each case.
illustration, it may be assumed that the E.M.F. of the outside circuit is 400 volts, and
that of the battery 200 volts.. It will be observed that, since the motor C, when
connected with the outside circuit, is always in circuit and in series with the battery,
a current will be running through the motor and through the storage-battery, the
result being that the former is rotated and the latter charged. If, as above stated, the
car is at rest, the motor C will be without any load, and will revolve at a high speed.
However, when an excessive amount of work is to be done by the motors, then they
are fed both by current from the outside circuit, and from the storage-battery. And
when the battery is sufficiently charged the outside circuit may be disconnected and
the motors run as before stated from the storage-battery, only.
By employing an organization in which, when the car is at rest, the motor C is run
without load at a high speed, on the starting of car, this motor is at the height of its
efficiency and acts to assist the other motor B in starting!

page_text: And now having particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
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1. The combination, substantially as set forth, with the two leads L+ and L. of
the constantly rotating motor C and storage-battery connected between the leads,
whereby the battery is charged, the motor B adapted to be switched into circuit in
starting the car or work to be done, and clutch mechanism whereby the motor C may
be coupled to assist the motor B, as set forth.
2. The combination, substantially as set forth, with the two leads, of a storage-
battery connected between the leads, a constantly rotating motor C, connected between
one pole of the storage-battery and one of the leads, a motor B connected between the
same pole of the storage-battery and the opposite lead, switch devices, and clutch
mechanism for joining the motors to work together.
3. The combination, substantially as set forth, with two leads of an outside circuit,
a storage-battery connected between said leads, a motor connected between one pole
of the storage-battery and one of said leads, another motor connected between the
same pole of the storage-battery and the other lead, an electro-magnetic clutch, in the
circuit of the second motor, arranged to couple the motors and switch mechanism for
the circuits.
4. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the two leads of the outside circuit,
a storage-battery connected between them, a motor C connected between one pole of
the storage-battery and one of the leads, a motor B connected between the same pole
of the storage-battery and the other lead, clutch mechanism hetween the armature-
shafts of the two motors, a switch S having the contact s', and another contact or
contacts 8, a wire m connecting one pole of the storage-battery with a contacts of said
switch, and a switch S¹.
5. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the two leads of an outside circuit,
a storage-battery connected between said leads, a constantly acting motor between one
pole of the storage-battery and one of said leads, for the purpose described, a second
motor, circuit connections for including it in circuit, and clutch devices for throwing
the constantly acting motor into operation to assist the other motor in starting.
6. The combination, substantially as set forth, of an electric circuit, a constantly
acting motor connected therein and normally running without load, a second motor
adapted to be connected in the circuit, mechanism to be driven by said motors, and
cintch devices by which the constantly revolving motor may be thrown into operation
to assist the other motor, as described.
7. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the two motors B, C, electro-
magnetic clutch mechanism included in the circuit of the motor B, and adapted to
lock the shafts of both motors for joint work, as described.
8. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the motors B, C, having their
armature-shafts arranged in alignment, a clutch magnet E, E', and its coil arranged
upon the shaft of one of the motors, the armature E' for said magnet, on the shaft of
the other motor, and an electric circuit in which the coil of the clutch magnet may be
included.
9. The combination substantially as set forth, of a driven shaft or mechanism, the
clutch magnet consisting of a central core and an exterior cylindrical core slightly
longer than the central core, with the coil located between them, the armature, and
the shaft or driven mechanism.
The onl
Tumo 1900
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.