IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lloyd Wise, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City
of Westminster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS."
A communication from abroad by Adalbert Gillitzer, of Fünfkirchen, in the
Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Sealed the 16th December 1879, and dated the 23rd July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lloyd Wise at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd July 1879.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS.". (A communication from abroad by
Adalbert Gillitzer, of Fünfkirchen, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire).
This Invention has for its object improvements in steam generators, and relates
to a construction of apparatus which may be used for stationary, portable, or marine
engines, as well as for traction and other engines.
The Invention is designed to produce a simple and reliable steam generator,
readily accessible for examination and cleaning without taking to pieces. The
improved steam generator, when arranged vertically, consists of a cylindrical shell,
with cylindrical fire box and annular water space intervening. This annular water
space is connected with the crown of the fire box by a series of spirally or
cylindrically coiled tubes, the diameters of the spirals or coils varying, so that one
coil surrounds another, the whole of the coils being concentric. The lower end of
each coiled tube passes through a tapering hole in the fire box case, and is itself
tapered to fit the said hole; and opposite each such hole there is provided an
opening in the shell of the generator with a suitable door or closure fitted with a
screw, and a hollow tapered plug is arranged within the tapered end of the coiled
tube, so that by operating the screw the said conical plug may be forced into the
tapered end of the tube so as to keep it sufficiently expanded to prevent leakage.
The coiled tubes at their upper ends extend somewhat above the crown of the fire-
box and above the water line, and are provided with caps or deflectors so as to
prevent priming, but to allow of steam escaping into the steam space. A central
tube depends from the crown of the fire box, into which tube the feed pipe dips for
supplying the generator with water.
The invention may be applied to existing boilers, whether vertical or horizontal,
and the arrangement of vertical boiler above referred to may be more or less
modified according to circumstances.
The arrangement of the spiral tubes as described renders the circulation very
effective in preventing sediment and incrustation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Lloyd Wise in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
January 1880.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS." (A communication from abroad by
Adalbert Gillitzer, of Fünfkirchen, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire).
This Invention has for its objects improvements in steam generators, and relates
to a construction of apparatus which may be used for stationary, portable, or marine
engines, as well as for traction and other engines.
The Invention is designed to produce a simple and reliable steam generator,
readily accessible for examination and cleaning without taking to pieces. The
improved steam generator when arranged vertically consists of a cylindrical shell
with cylindrical fire box and annular water space intervening. This annular water
space is connected with the crown of the fire box by a series of spirally or cylindri-
cally coiled tubes, the diameters of the spirals or coils varying, so that one coil
surrounds another, the whole of the coils being concentric. The lower end of each
coiled tube passes through a tapering hole in the fire box case, and is itself tapered
to fit the said hole, and opposite each such hole there is provided an opening in
the shell of the generator with a suitable door or closure fitted with a screw, and a
hollowed tapered plug is arranged within the tapered end of the coiled tube so that
by operating the screw the said conical plug may be forced into the tapered end of
the tube, so as to keep it sufficiently expanded to prevent leakage. The coiled
tubes at their upper ends extend somewhat above the crown of the fire-box, and
above the water line, and are provided with caps or deflectors so as to prevent
priming, but to allow of steam escaping into the steam space. A central tube
depends from the crown of the fire-box, into which tube the feed pipe dips for
supplying the generator with water.
The Invention may be applied to existing boilers, whether vertical or horizontal,
and the arrangement of vertical boiler above referred to may be more or less
modified according to circumstances.
The arrangement of the spiral tubes as described renders the circulation very
effective in preventing sediment and incrustation.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical section, Fig. 2 a horizontal
section on the line A, B, and Fig. 3 a horizontal section on the line C, D; Fig. 4
represents (half-size) one of the hollow plugs for keeping the tubes tight; Fig. 5
represents an outside view of the door or cover through which the tightening screws
pass. a is the shell of the boiler, b the fire box, 62 the annular water casing; c, c,
the generator proper, enclosed in the fire box, and consisting of several systems of
spiral tubes, filling the space above the fire in the interior of the fire box, so that
the fire and gases have sufficient play for extending around the tubes. The heating
surface obtained by this arrangement is very large in proportion to the compara-
tively small size and weight of the apparatus which, however, is very efficient and
strong. The cost of fuel greatly reduced-my foreign correspondent estimating
the reduction to amount to about 40 per cent. as compared with the fuel consumed
by most existing boilers.
A very important feature in the improved generator is the particular mode of
rendering the tubes steam-tight at the joints. When a leakage takes place at the
points e, e, the hollow steel plugs d, d, are tightened by means of the screws f, f
traversing the cover of the man-holes or hand holes. This tightening by screwing
is effected without interrupting the working of the apparatus. Another great
advantage of the system is the effective circulation of water and steam in conse-
quence of the rapid heating of the water contained in the tubes, and its being
partially converted into steam. The expansion of the steam produces an upward
movement, and consequently a circulation of the heated water.
The eduction pipes

page_text: g, g, are elevated at least 10 centimetres above the highest water level of the boiler.
The steam is thus separated from the water (which continues its circulation)
producing dry steam.
The upper end of each system of tubes is provided with a cap h, in order to
prevent priming.
50
My foreign correspondent states that the weight of the improved boiler is about
per cent. less than the weight of other boilers, the space occupied is reduced to
half that required for other boilers or generators, and that generators according to
this Invention may be worked at very high-pressure, as for instance up to 10
atmospheres.
The Drawing represents a boiler of small size, is the fire-door, k is the grate,
1 the smoke pipe or flue.
It will be understood that these boilers are provided with safety valves and other
usual and necessary fittings.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and explained the manner of
carrying it into practical effect, as communicated to me as aforesaid, I hereby declare
that what I claim as secured to me under the Letters Patent hereinbefore in part
recited is,―
1. The application and use of the spiral steam generating tubes C, substantially
as described.
2. The method substantially as described and illustrated of tightening the tubes
in the plate by means of hollow plugs a and screws f.
3. The method substantially as described of causing the water to circulate, so as
to prevent sediment and incrustation.
4. The improved steam generator, constructed, arranged, and operating as shewn
in and described with reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lloyd Wise, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
W LLOYD WISE (LS)