AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRIC FOR COVERING UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Hardon, of Stockport, in the County of
Chester, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE
OF WOVEN FABRIC FOR COVERING UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS."
Sealed the 30th November 1858, and dated the 21st July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Hardon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st July 1858.
I, EDWIN HARDON, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANU-
FACTURE OF WOVEN FABRIC FOR COVERING UMBERELLAS AND PARASOLS," to be as
follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in manufacturing fabrics for covering
umberellas and parasols with a cotton warp and a spun silk weft, or with
cotton weft and spun silk warp. The warp and weft may be either dyed or
not dyed, and the fabric may be either plain, twilled, or figured. The fabrics
are woven to the usual widths for being cut up into covers for umberellas and
parasols, and the borders are or may be ornamented by silk or other stripes
or figures. When the fabric has been woven it is dyed and finished to render
it fit for use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edwin Hardon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st January 1859.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
HARDON, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edwin Hardon, Her special licence that I,. the said Edwin Hardon,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edwin Hardon, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRIC FOR COVERING UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edwin Hardon, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Hardon, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
(that is to say)
The nature of my Invention consists in manufacturing fabrics for covering
umbrellas and parasols with a cotton warp and a spun silk weft, or with
cotton weft and spun silk warp. The fabrics, which may be either plain,
twilled, or figured, are woven to the usual widths for being cut up into covers
for umbrellas and parasols, and the borders are or may be ornamented by silk
or other stripes or figures. When the fabric has been woven it is dyed and
finished by suitable processes to render it fit for use.
In performing my Invention I prefer to make use of a warp prepared of
doubled or twofold cotton yarn of number one hundred and eighty, drawn
into a ninety reed of the Manchester count, and I employ a spun silk weft of

page_text: number one hundred and twenty; the warp and weft are woven in a loom
of the usual construction, having either three or six shafts to produce the
twill, and I find that about one hundred and sixty shoots of weft in an inch
of fabric give a good result. I prefer to make a border at each selvage of the
fabric of net silk, but other materials may be used and other figures may be
produced. The fabric having been thus woven of undyed warp and weft is
then dyed and finished to render it fit for use. By means of these improve-
ments woven fabrics suitable for covering umbrellas and parasols may be
produced at considerably less cost than when silk alone is used, while the
appearance is equal to or nearly equal to that of silk. My improved fabric
is also repellant to water, and consequently particularly adapted for covering
umbrellas.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself
to the details given, as the same may be considerably modified; but what I
do claim is, the improved manufacture of woven fabric described, in which
cotton and spun silk are employed for covering umbrellas and parasols.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Hardon, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
EDWIN HARDON. (L.S.)