IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGE WHEELS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to. Octavius Henry Smith, of Bedford Square,
and Youngs Parfrey, of Pimlico, both in the County. of Middle-
sex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CARRIAGE WHEELS."
Sealed the 28th June. 1853, and dated the 10th May 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Octavius: Henry
Smith and Youngs Parfrey at the Office of the Commissioners' of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th May 1853..
We, OCTAVIUS HENRY SMITH, of Bedford Square, and YOUNGS
PARFREY, of Pimlico, both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare that the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGE WHEELS" to be as follows:-
こ
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This Invention consists of casting parts of the naves of carriage
wheels of metal in such manner that each. nave has sockets or open-
ings to receive the spokes, and the centre of the cast part is hollow to
receive, wood or soft material. The box for the axle-tree is fixed in

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Octavius Henry Smith and Youngs Parfrey in
the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 10th November 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
OCTAVIUS HENRY SMITH, of Bedford Square, and YOUNGS PARFREY, of
Pimlico, both in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Octavius Henry Smith and Youngs Parfrey,
Her special licence that we, the said Octavius Henry Smith and
Youngs Parfrey, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Octavius Henry Smith and Youngs Parfrey, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGE WHEELS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Octavius Henry Smith and Youngs Parfrey,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Youngs Parfrey, on behalf of
myself and the said Octavius Henry Smith, do hereby declare the

page_text: nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention consists of casting parts of the naves of carriage
wheels of metal in such manner that each nave has sockets or openings
to receive the spokes, and the centre of the cast part is hollow to
receive wood or soft material. The box for the axle-tree is fixed in
the soft material, and the ends of the spokes rest upon the soft mate-
rial so introduced into the nave.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to
describe the manner in which we perform the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, shows a plan or external view of a nave constructed and
combined according to our Invention. Figure 2, is a vertical section
taken at the line A, B, in Figure 1, parts of the spokes being also
shewn in their sockets. Figure 3, is a longitudinal section through the
line C, D, in Figure 1; and Figure 4, is a plan of the wood or soft.
material which is introduced into the hollow of the cast part of the
nave. In these Figures the same letters of reference are used to
indicate the same parts. E, is the cast metal portion of the nave of a
wheel, the contour of which may be varied. E', E', are sockets for
receiving the spokes F, F. The interior of the casting E, is hollow,
and receives the filling of wood G, or it might be of other soft mate-
rial. The wood is formed with a groove G', of a width suitable for
receiving the ends of the spokes, as is shewn, and thus the ends of the
spokes come against the soft material G. The outer ends of this
part G, of the nave of a wheel is bound with hoops H, H; and the
box I, for the axle is let into and fixed in the part G, of the nave, in
like manner to what like boxes have been heretofore fixed in naves of
wheels made of wood.
We would remark, that although we believe wood to be the best
material for the part G, of the nave of a wheel, made according to our
Invention, other soft material, such as gutta percha combined with
saw dust, may be used in place thereof.

page_text: Having this described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, we would have it understood that what we
claim is, the construction of naves of wheels herein described:
In witness whereof, I, the said Youngs Parfrey, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of November; in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
GERARD B. SMITH.
YOUNGS PARFREY. (i.s.)