Improvements relating to Vapour Burners or similar Heating Apparatus.
Year: 1887

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by WILLIAM WASHINGTON BATCHELDER, of the City
and State of New York, United States of America, Professional Inventor.]
Improvements relating to Vapour Burners or similar Heating
Apparatus.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake and Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to provide an oil vapour burner which can be applied
or attached to all ordinary oil founts having a flat wick tube now in use in oil stoves
without the necessity of any material change in their construction, and which will
afford a much larger heating surface than is possible with ordinary oil stove burners
where the flame burns directly on the wick and is confined to the size of the wick.
My invention comprises an oil heating apparatus having an ordinary oil chamber
and wick tube both of which are located in the base of the stove or heating apparatus,
a vapour chamber surrounding each wick tube, a multiplo jet burner at the upper end
of said vapour chamber and means for conveying and regulating a supply of heated
air to the jet burners, to correspond with the consumption of vapor generated by
the wicks.
The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter
fully set forth.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a vertical section of an oil heating apparatus embodying my invention.
Figure 2 is a top view of the same.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the vapour chambers jet burners and deflecting
rim.
Figure 4 is a plan view of the lower end of one of the vapour chambers.
The oil reservoir A is of any ordinary or well known construction and is provided
above with an air chamber B, through which the wick tubes C pass as usual. These
wick. tubes are provided with the ordinary wick raising devices by which the
protrusion of the wicks is regulated, as required. Any desirable number of wick tubes
can be employed.
Resting on the upper surface of the air chamber B, and surrounding the wick
tubes C are the vapor generating chambers D, which have an oblong rectangular form
corresponding to that of the wick tubes, but of much greater width. In the lower
end of each vapor chamber D is a diaphragm a having a longitudinal opening b,

page_text: provided with upward and inward curved lips c, c, forming a contracted passage for
vapor.
The top and walls of the air chamber are perforated as shown, for the admission of
air, and the perforations d in the top are distributed within and at the base of the
vapour chambers, to afford access of air to the ignited wicks.
Attached to the upper end of each vapor chamber D or forming a part thereof, is
an oblong burner E having a series of burner jets e on each side at or near the
upper edge.
The several burners are connected by a flanged rim consisting of the vertical
metallic strips F, extending transversely across the ends of said burners and the
inclined longitudinal strips or plates G at the sides thereof. This rim with its inclined
plates & constitutes an air receiving and deflecting chamber or space, for concentrating
an air supply around the multiple jet burners. It will be observed that the plates G
are inclined upward and inward toward the jets e, on each side of the burner, and
terminate in a line a little below and exterior to said jets. By this means the heated
air, rising along the outer surface of the heated vapour chambers D, will be conducted
to the burner jets e and be uniformly distributed around the several jets of flame and
in the central space above the burners between the opposite lines of jets. The jets of
flame are thus caused to burn in a vertical direction, each forming a distinct heat
centre beneath or within the object or spaces to be heated.
For the purpose of controlling the air supply of the burner jets e valves or dampers H
are pivoted within the space or chamber on each side of the burners E between said
burners and the air deflecting plates G, as shewn in Figure 1. These valves H are
connected by a transverse rod K having a handle or lever L by which the several
valves can be simultaneously actuated to control the inlet of air as required. The
valves or dampers I may consist of solid metallic plates, but are preferably perforated
as shewn at f, so that when the valves are closed the air supply will not be entirely
cut-off but will be delivered to the jets of flame in finely divided currents. When
perforated valves are used, as above, the air supply is thus more equally distributed
whether the valves are wholly or partly closed. In the space between the two oppositely
inclined plates G of each adjacent pair of burners, is placed a stationary perforated
plate g for distributing the air admitted between the burners.
At the lower end of each outer inclined plate G is a flange h, on which is supported
a metallic open top casing M that forms a heat chamber around the jets of flame and
prevents the access of cold air currents and consequent flickering of the flames and loss
of heat. This casing M may also serve to conduct the heated air to an oven or other
desired point; and, if desired, it may have at the top a surrounding flange N to
support a grating of any suitable construction, as shewn in dotted lines, on which a
cooking utensil or other object can be placed. In the front of the casing M are
mica-glazed openings k, k, through which the jet flames can be inspected and which
will enable them to throw light into the apartment without interfering with the
heating function.
The lower end of each vapor chamber D) is flanged to rest firmly on the top of the
air chamber B, and at the rear lower end of each chamber D, is a pin m that fits
loosely in a suitable opening in the top of the air chamber. These pins m serve as
pivots on which the vapor chambers and attached heating burners are fulcrumed in
turning said parts back to gain access to the wick tubes C. To the forward lower end
of each vapor chamber D is attached a fastening or guide pin p, that also enters a
corresponding opening in the top of the air chamber A and holds the heating
attachments in proper position with relation to the wick tubes.
In using the apparatus the vapour chambers D are raised at their front ends and
turned back on the pivot pins m, to give access to the wicks t, t, which are then lighted
and turned down sufficiently to prevent smoking or deposition of soot. The vapor
chambers D, D, are then replaced in proper position to surround the ignited wicks.
The wicks t, t, should remain turned down until the vapour chambers have become
sufficiently heated to prevent condensation of vapour therein, after which the wicks
are raised and the vapour generated thereby may be lighted at the multiple burner.

page_text: jets e immediately. By means of the air receiving rim or chamber surrounding the
heating burners E, the vapor flames at the jet openings e are afforded a concentrated
supply of heated air which rises along the heated surfaces of the vapor chambers.
The valves or dampers H located in the spaces between the inclined plates G and
burners E enable the supply of heated air to be regulated to correspond with the
quantity of vapour consumed; and the inwardly inclined deflecting plates G conduct
this air supply toward and into intimate contact with the flames so as to accomplish
the greatest possible economy of material with the best effect in producing the quantity
or degree of heat required.
The diaphragm a with its contracted opening or passage b and curved lip c serves
as a guard to prevent the entrance of flame from the wick t into the vapour chamber,
and obstructs the volume of said wick flame sufficiently to barely maintain a small
blue vapor generating flame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
First In an oil heating apparatus, the combination of a wick tube, a vapour
chamber located above said wick tube, a multiple jet burner at the upper end of the
vapour chamber and valves to regulate the supply of air to the burner, substantially
as described.
Second-In an oil heating apparatus, the combination of a wick tube, a vapour
chamber provided with a diaphragin having a contracted opening located above said
wick tube, a multiple jet burner at the upper end of said vapour chamber, and
perforated valves to regulate the supply of air to the burner, substantially as
described.
Third In an oil heating apparatus, the combination of a wick tube, a vapour
chamber provided with a diaphragm having a contracted opening formed with
upwardly and inwardly curved lips, said opening being located directly above the
wick tube a multiple jet burner at the upper end of the vapor chamber, and air
supply regulating valvos, substantially as described.
Fourth In an oil heating apparatus the combination of a wick tube, a vapor
chamber located above said wick tube, a burner having multiple side jets, and
perforated valves for regulating the supply of air to the burner, substantially as
described.
Fifth In an oil heating apparatus, the combination of a wick tube, a vapor
chamber located above said wick, tube a multiple jet burner at the upper end of the
vapour chamber, an air receiving rim and deflector surrounding said burner, and
valves for regulating the supply of air to the burner, substantially as described.
Sixth In an oil heating apparatus the combination of a wick tube, a vapor
chamber located above said wick tube, a multiple jet burner at the upper end of the
vapor chamber, and an air receiving deflector inclined upward and inward toward
the burner jets and provided with valves, substantially as described.
Seventh-In an oil heating apparatus, the combination of a wick tube, a vapor
chamber above said wick tube, a multiple jet burner, an air receiving rim and deflector,
and valves located in the space between said deflector and burner, substantially as
described.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.