IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING A CERTAIN WASTE MATERIAL OBTAINED IN TREATING COTTON SEED AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Rose, of Oxton, in the County of
Chester, Ironfounder, and Robert Emerson Gibson, of New
Brighton, in the same County, Merchant, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING A CERTAIN WASTE MATERIAL OBTAINED
IN TREATING COTTON SEED AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Rosé and
Robert Emerson Gibson at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th November 1868.
We, THOMAS ROSE, of Oxton, in the County of Chester, Iron-
founder, and ROBERT EMERSON GIBSON, of New Brighton, in the
same County, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING A CERTAIN WASTE MATERIAL
OBTAINED IN TREATING COTTON SEED AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," to
be as follows:-
When cotton seed is treated or broken up by machinery to liberate
the kernels there is left, after the kernels (usually in a mealy condition).

page_text: have been sifted out, a waste material, not hitherto utilized consisting of
the husks and fibre; these together form a considerable proportion of
the whole weight of the seed, and it is the object of our present Invention
to utilize them in two important manufactures, viz., the fibre in the
production of "paper stock," and the husks in oil cake for feeding
cattle.
In carrying our Invention into effect we separate the husks from the
fibre as far as possible, the fibre being by far the most valuable
product, by subjecting the said material moistened with water when
necessary to the action of tearing and sifting machinery constructed as
hereafter described. We then take the fibre with any adhering portions
of husks and treat it in vats with an alkali or alkalies, preferably heated.
This treatment cleans the fibre and removes the colouring matter from
the portions of husks and leaves an excellent "paper stock" fit for
being made into paper by any of the ordinary processes. The husks we
form into oil cake by mixing them with the more nutricious meal from
which oil has been expressed, or by mixing with any seed from which
oil has been taken.
The tearing-up machinery consists of two rolls with serrated, fluted,
or other uneven surfaces made to rotate in opposite directions at
differential or uniform speeds.
We prefer the machinery or apparatus patented by us on the Twenty-
ninth day of November, A.D. 1867, No. 3388.
The sifting machinery consists of vibrating screens or a rotating
cylinder with beaters.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Rose and Robert Emerson Gibson in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th May 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
ROSE, of Oxton, in the County of Chester, Ironfounder, and ROBERT 3
EMERSON GIBSON, of New Brighton, in the same County, Merchant,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Rose and Robert Emerson
Gibson, Her special license that we, the said Thomas Rose and Robert
Emerson Gibson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Thomas Rose and Robert Emerson Gibson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING
A CERTAIN WASTE MATERIAL OBTAINED IN TREATING COTTON SEED AND IN
MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Thomas Rose and Robert Emerson Gibson, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Rose and Robert
Emerson Gibson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof
(that is to say)-
:-
When fibrous cotton seed is treated or broken up by machinery to
liberate the kernels there is left, after the kernels (usually in a mealy
condition) have been sifted out, a waste material not hitherto utilized
consisting of the husks and fibre. The said material forms a consider-
able proportion of the whole weight of the seed, and it is the object of
our present Invention to utilize it in two important manufactures, viz.,
the fibre in the production of paper stock to be used in the fabrication of
paper, and the husks in oil cake for feeding cattle.
In carrying our Invention into effect we first proceed to separate the
husks from the fibre as far as possible. For this purpose we moisten
the whole material with water, and after it has lain for about twenty-

page_text: four hours, subject it to a disentegrating or tearing action and to a
sifting motion in and by the machinery herein-after mentioned. The said
treatment removes all or nearly all the inner and a large portion of the
outer husks. The fibrous material with the adhering husks or portions of
husks, the said fibrous material is by far the most valuable product, is
now placed in boilers and subjected to the action of an alkaline solution
for a period varying from six to eight hours, the temperature being
maintained by superheated steam, hot air, or other means preferably at
about 350° Fahrenheit all the time. We have found that twenty-eight
pounds of crystals of soda of commerce to every hundredweight of the
said fibre and adhering husks, only sufficient water being used throughly
to saturate the latter, is in satisfactory proportion. The effect of the
action of the alkaline solution is the coloring matter contained in the
woody husks is liberated; after this the material is removed to a paper-
maker's washing engine and well washed. It is next transferred to a
paper-maker's bleaching engine, where it is treated with bleach liquor of
8° Twaddell for a longer or a shorter period; twelve hours will usually
be sufficient.
By the foregoing treatment an excellent paper stock fit for being
made into paper by any ordinary process is produced. The husks
broken and detached by the disintegrating or tearing machine and
removed by the sifting machine or machinery we form into oil cake
by mixing them with the highly nutritious meal from which oil is
to be or has been expressed, or by mixing them with any seed capable of
yielding or which has yielded oil.
The disintegrating or tearing machinery consists of two rolls with
serrated, fluted, or other uneven surfaces made to rotate in the same
direction at differential or uniform surface speeds; and the sifting
machinery consists of vibrating screens or a rotating perforated cylinder
with beaters; but for both of these purposes we prefer the machinery or
apparatus described in the Specification of an Invention for which we
obtained Letters Patent on the Twenty-ninth day of November 1867,
No. 3388.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and par-
ticularized the best means of carrying the same into effect with which we
are acquainted, we claim,-
First. Utilizing the fibrous portion of the waste material obtained
as aforesaid by employing it in the manufacture of paper; practical

page_text: means for effecting the separation and utilization are herein-before
described.
Second. Utilizing the husky portion of the waste material obtained
from fibrous cotton seed, as aforesaid, by employing it in the manu-
facture of oil or feeding cake; practical means for effecting the said
utilization are herein described.
Third. The employment of serrated, fluted, or roughened rolls with
equal or differential surface speeds, substantially as described for the
purpose set forth.
And, fourth. The employment of vibrating and rotating sifting screens
for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Rose and Robert Emerson
Gibson, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth day
of May, in the year of Our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-nine.
In the presence of
JOHN T. KING,
Patent Agent,
Liverpool.
THOMAS ROSE.
(L.S.)
ROBERT EMERSON GIBSON. (L.S.)