Improvements in and relating to Circular Boxes of Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 24th Nov., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Circular Boxes of Looms for
Weaving.
We, W. B. WHITE AND SONS, LIMITED, of Red Scar Spring Works, Colne, in the
County of Lancaster, WILLIAM BELL WHITE, of the same place, Loom Makers,
and ANDREW JACK, of Adlington, in the said County, Mill Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is to increase the range and capacity for
work of circular box looms, to economise the cards of the pattern chain, and also
the dobby lags in various ways, also to move two boxes at once when required,
and otherwise to improve the efficiency of this class of loom and to better adapt
it to the great variety of work, for which it may be employed.
For accomplishing the object of our invention, we dispense with the pullen
hooks usually employed to change the boxes at the end, and substitute therefor
a rack and pinion, at or about the centre of the box frame, the pinion being
mounted on a small horizontal shaft at the back of the box, and running to the
end of the box, where the shaft carries a small gear wheel, which gears into
another small, gear wheel on the box shaft, whereby the box is turned by the
movement of the pinion.
We remove the pattern chain cylinder, which operates the indicating needles
(hereinafter described) to the top of the circular box loom, so that we can hang
up several thousand pattern cards to be out of the way of all machinery. This
we will term No. 3 pattern card cylinder, and in conjunction therewith an
attendant mechanism, we employ two chain cylinders, hereinafter referred to as
No. 1 and No. 2 chain cylinders respectively.
By the novel arrangement and construction of mechanism, we are enabled
1. To weave any even number of picks in one part of the chain, and two
picks to the card on any other part of the same chain, which enables us to weave
handkerchiefs, scarves, and very long patterns with a very great saving of chain
cards with No. 1 and No. 2 chain cylinders connected.
2. To reverse the No. 3 pattern card cylinder so as to weave the
cards backwards and forwards as many times as required for the centre of the
scarf, then to go forward to another part of the card chain and put in the border
with No. 2 chain cylinder, and a double catch on No. 3 pattern card cylinder.
3. To change two boxes at once, or skip a box, which will enable us to weave
certain patterns without using extra boxes or shuttles, or putting in extra weft,
which spoils the patterns.
In carrying our invention into effect, we fix a L lever to the top side of the
loom, fixed on a stud in the centre, and mount the chain cylinder (No. 3)
on the top end of same. A connecting rod attached to the front end is carried
by an eccentric on the tappet shaft, which imparts a rocking movement to the
Llever, and consequently rocks the pattern cylinder backwards and forwards.
At the end of the chain cylinder is a catch wheel. A catch fixed on a stud on

page_text: 0
the loom, and engaging with the catch wheel, turns the card cylinder, as it moves
backwards and forwards. We dispose a swing beam across the side of the loom,
its back end being fixed on a stud. To the front end is attached a double rack,
which hangs downwards. The beam is worked by two cams fixed on the tappet
shaft, which work under a bowl in the centre of the swing beam.
At the bottom of the loom between the double rack, we fix a stud, and mount
thereon a double pinion, one being between the double rack, and the other stand-
ing out to receive the single upright rack, hereinbefore described for operating
the boxes.
The swing beam works up and down every two picks. We place three hori-
zontal needles in a frame at the top of the loom. These needles are acted upon
by the cards on No. 3 chain card cylinder. The two outside needles are fixed
to the respective ends of a swivel fixed in the centre to an upright rock shaft
carried by a bearing, and footstep at the bottom of the loom. A fork guide
is attached near the bottom of the upright shaft connected with the double rack,
and this guide determines the movement of the double rack, as to which side
thereof shall engage with the pinion described in the forepart of this specifica-
tion, and according to the movement of which the circular box is turned.
F
When the No. 3 pattern card cylinder comes forward with a suitable card, it
will push first the outside needle and then the inside needle as required. The
inside needle puts the front of the double rack in gear, and turns the centro
pinion one way, the outside needle puts the back of the double rack in gear,
which turns in the opposite direction, and with the connections of the single
rack and small shaft herein before described, the box is moved either way, as
the cards are arranged to push the needles to suit the patterns.
To skip two boxes, we use a loose cam sliding on the tappet shaft The central
horizontal needle slides in guides in the supporting frame, and carries a wedge
shaped bracket. When the needle is thrust forward by a card on the
pattern surface, the wedge shaped bracket acts upon a finger fixed to an upright
shaft, so as to give the latter a partial turn. This shaft carries a fork, which
when the shaft is turned in the manner described, brings the loose cam on the
tappet shaft in gear and under the bowl of the swing beam. This cam is much
larger than the single change one, and causes all the racks to travel twice the
distance, and to turn two boxes in place of one.
To economise the pattern card chain, we use No. 1 chain cylinder, with a
catch wheel attached to same. This catch wheel is worked by a catch from a
lever attached to the pattern card cylinder lever. On the No. 1 cylinder is
mounted a small chain with high and low links. Over this cylinder is disposed
a lever with a bowl in the centre, one end of the said lever being mounted on
a stul, whilst its other end is formed into a hook.
When the small links are under the bowl, the hook catches on a stud on the
lever, thus preventing the rocking of No. 3 pattern card cylinder. This only
moves when a high link comes under the bowl, which lifts the hook off the stud,
and allows No. 3 card cylinder to turn.
is
The number of picks to the card is arranged by the number of small links
in the chain of No. 1 cylinder. To weave two picks on one part of the chain, and
any even number on another part of the same chain, we fix No. 2 chain cylinder
at the top of the loom near the pattern card cylinder. In No. 2 cylinder is
a chain with high and low links, and disposed over the same is a lever having
one end mounted on stud, and carrying a bowl in the centre. A catch
fixed to a bracket on the No. 3 pattern card cylinder lever, which is held up by a
small trigger. The trigger is mounted in a suitable position under the catch,
one end holding the catch up, and the other resting on the pattern cards
by the aid of a spring. We fix a nog on certain cards, and when this
nog or projection comes underneath the trigger, it lets the catch down, thereby
pulling No. 2 cylinder over onc link by the rocking movement of the
☐ lever, on which No. 3 pattern cylinder is mounted,

page_text: A connecting rod is carried from the catch of No. 1 chain cylinder to the end
of the lever of the top No. 2 cylinder. When a high link comes, it lifts the
catch off the bottom cylinder (No. 1) and the loom weaves two picks to the card.
When another nog or projection on the card comes forward it lifts the trigger,
dropping the catch, and turning the top No. 2 cylinder over another link. If it
be a low link, the bottom catch drops down again by the connections, and the
loom is again weaving an even number of picks to the card.
We arrange a connecting rod from the top lever to the dobby catch to economise
the lags of same.
The box may be changed from either end or back or front with the rack and
pinion in these positions, or sprocket wheels and chain may be substituted therefor.
Also the box may be locked in two places, at the bottom and top of the loom
respectively to make it more steady in the change. The bottom rack may be
suitably devised to be put out of gear with the foot, so that both hands are at
liberty to set the box in any position required.
The bottom or No. 1 chain cylinder may be removed underneath the loom, and
may be then employed on the present make of circular box looms to weave any
even number of picks to one card, the said cylinder being arranged to bring a
catch lever in position to engage with a stud on the usual lever operated by the
usual eccentric in the present type of circular box looms, and thereby retain it in
position until relieved in a somewhat similar manner as already described.
When reversing No. 3 pattern card cylinder, we may employ a double fork
guide in place of a single one at the bottom of the upright shaft, connected to
the double rack, which reverses with the chain cards of No. 3 cylinder, so as to
keep the pattern of the cloth correct.
The rocking L lever, carrying No. 3
spring attached to give way, so that
machinery, it will give relief.
cylinder, is a "broken" lever with a
should anything go wrong with the
We extend the shaft of the circular box clean through the same, and provide a
second bearing for same, that is, a bearing at each end of the circular box, and
by this means the box will work more steady.
Our invention may be applied at each end of looms having two circular boxes
for pick and pick cloth.
D
11
011
1
P
1
1000
Improvements in and relating to Circular Boxes of Looms for
Weaving.
We, W. B. WHITE & SONS, LIMITED, of Red Scar Spring Works, Colne, in the
County of Lancaster, WILLIAM BELL WHITE, of the same place, Loom Makers,
and ANDREW JACK, of Adlington, in the said County, Mill Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of the present invention is to increase the range and capacity for
work of circular box looms, to economise the cards of the pattern chain, and also
the dobby lags in various ways, also to move two boxes at once when required,

page_text: and otherwise to improve the efficiency of this class of loom, and to better adapt
it to the great variety of work for which it may be employed.
For accomplishing the object of our invention, we dispense with the pulling
hooks usually employed to change the boxes at the end, and substitute therefor
a rack and pinion, at or about the centre of the box frame, the pinion being
mounted on a small horizontal shaft at the back of the box, and running to the
end of the box, where the shaft carries a small gear wheel, which gears into
another small gear wheel on the box shaft, whereby the box is turned by the
movement of the pinion.
We remove the pattern chain cylinder, which operates the indicating needles
(hereinafter described) to the top of the circular box locm, so that we can hang
up several thousand pattern cards to be out of the way of all machinery. This
we will term No. 3 pattern card cylinder, and in conjunction therewith and
attendant mechanism, we employ another card cylinder and two chain cylinders,
hereinafter referred to as No. 4 card cylinder and No. 1 and No. 2 chain
cylinders respectively.
By a novel arrangement and construction of mechanism, we are enabled
1. To weave any even number of picks in one part of the chain, and two
picks to the card on any other part of the same chain, which enables us to weave
handkerchiefs, scarves, and very long patterns with a very great saving of chain
cards with No. 1 and No. 2 chain cylinders connected.
2. To operate alternately No. 3 and No. 4 pattern cylinders, so as to weave the
cards backwards and forwards as many times as required for the centre of the
scarf, then to go forward to another part of the card chain, and put in the border
with No. 2 chain cylinder, and a double catch on No. 3 pattern card cylinder.
3. To change two boxes at once, or skip a box, which will enable us to weave
certain patterns without using extra boxes or shuttles, or putting in extra weft,
which spoils the patterns.
In carrying our invention into effect, we fix a L lever to the top side of the
loom, fixed on a stud in the centre, and mount the pattern card cylinder No. 3
on the top end of same. A connecting rod attached to the front end is carried
by an eccentric on the tappet shaft, which imparts a rocking movement to the
Llever, and consequently rocks the pattern cylinder backwards and forwards.
At the end of the card cylinder is a catch wheel. A catch fixed on a stud on
the loom, and engaging with the catch wheel turns the card cylinder as it moves
backwards and forwards. We dispose a swing beam across the side of the loom,
its back end being fixed on a stud. To the front end is attached a double rack
which hangs downwards. The beam is worked by two cams on the tappet shaft,
which work under a bowl in the centre of the swing beam.
At the bottom of the loom between the double rack, we fix a stud, and mount
thereon two pinions, one being between the double rack, and the other stand-
ing out to receive the single upright rack, hereinbefore described for operating
the boxes.
The swing beam works up and down every two picks. We place three hori-
zontal needles in a frame at the top of the loom. These needles are acted upon
by the cards on No. 3 pattern card cylinder. The two outside needles are fixed
to the respective ends of a swivel fixed in the centre to an upright rock shaft
carried by a bearing and footstep at the bottom of the looni.
A fork guide
is attached near the bottom of the upright shaft connected with the double rack,
and the guide determines the movement of the double rack, as to which side
thereof shall engage with the pinion described in the forepart of this specifica-
tion, and according to the movement of which the circular box is turned.
When the No. 3 pattern card cylinder comes forward with a suitable card, it
will push first the outside needle and then the inside needle as required. The
inside needle puts the front of the double rack in gear, and turns the centre
pinion one way, the outside needle puts the back of the double rack in gear,
which turns in the opposite direction, and with the connections of the single

page_text: rack and small shaft herein before described, the box is moved either way, as
the cards are arranged to push the needles to suit the patterns.
To skip two boxes, we use a loose cam sliding on the tappet shaft. The central
horizontal needle slides in guides in the supporting frame, and carries a wedge
shaped bracket. When the central needle is thrust forward by a card on the
pattern surface, the wedge shaped bracket acts upon a finger fixed to an upright
shaft, so as to give the latter a partial turn. This shaft carries a fork, which
when the shaft is turned in the manner described, brings the loose cam on the
tappet shaft in gear and under the bowl of the swing beam. This cam is much
larger than the single change one, and causes all the racks to travel twice the
distance, and to turn two boxes in place of one.
To economise the pattern card chain, we use No. 1 chain cylinder, with a
catch wheel attached to same. This catch wheel is worked by a catch from a
lever attached to the pattern card cylinder lever. On the No. 1 cylinder is
mounted a small chain with high and low links. Over this cylinder is disposed
a lever with a bowl in the centre, one end of the said lever being mounted on
a stud, whilst its other end is formed into a hook.
When the small links are under the bowl, the hook catches on a stud on the
Llever, thus preventing the rocking of No. 3 pattern card cylinder. This only
moves when a high link comes under the bowl, which lifts the hook off the stud,
and allows No. 3 card cylinder to turn.
a
The number of picks to the card is arranged by the number of small links
in the chain of No. 1 cylinder. To weave two on one part of the chain, and
any even number on another part of the same chain, we fix No. 2 chain cylinder
at the top of the loom near No. 3 pattern card cylinder. In No. 2 cylinder is
a chain with high and low links, and disposed over the same is
lever having
one end mounted on a stud, and carrying a bowl in the centre. A catch is
fixed to a bracket on No. 3 pattern card cylinder lever, which is held up by a
small trigger. The trigger is mounted in a suitable position under the catch,
one end holding the catch up, and the other resting on the pattern cards of No. B
cylinder by the aid of a spring. We fix a nog on certain cards, and when this
nog or projection comes underneath the trigger, it lets the catch down, thereby
pulling No. 2 pattern cylinder over one link by the rocking movement of the
Llever, on which No. 3 pattern cylinder is mounted.
A connecting rod is carried from the catch on No. 1 chain cylinder to the end
of lever on top of No. 2 cylinder. When a high link comes, it lifts the catch off
the bottom cylinder No. 1, and the loom weaves two picks to the card. When
another peg or projection comes forward it lifts the trigger, dropping the catch,
and turning the top No. 2 cylinder over another link. If it be a low link, the
bottom catch drops down again by the connections, and the loom is again weaving
an even number of picks to the card.
We arrange a connecting rod from the top lever to the dobby catch. to economise
the lags of same.
Instead of reversing No. 3 pattern card cylinder as described in our Provisional
Specification, we preferably employ an additional pattern cylinder in juxta-
position to No. 3 pattern cylinder, and which we will call No. 4. Arranged
above the needles, which are operated by the cards on No. 3 cylinder is an
additional set of needles connected to the same upright shaft, and worked in
the same way. To govern Nos. 3 and 4 pattern cylinders, so as to turn them
alternately as desired, we dispense with the catch for operating No. 3 cylinder,
and employ instead a double catch, which we mount on the same stud." This
U shaped catch is put into action with the teeth of either cylinder by the high
and low links of chain on No. 1 pattern cylinder through the medium of a con-
necting rod from such double catch to the booked lever over No. 1 cylinder.
The box may be changed from either end or back or front with the rack and
pinion in these positions, or sprocket wheels and chain may be substituted therefor,
Also the box may be locked in two places, at the bottom and top of the loomi

page_text: respectively to make it more steady in the change. The bottom rack may be
suitable devised to be put out of gear with the foot, so that both hands are at
liberty to set the box in any position required.
The rocking lever, carrying No. 3 cylinder, is a "broken lever with a
spring attached to give way, so that if anything should go wrong with the
machinery, it will give relief.
We extend the shaft of the circular box clean through the same, and provide a
second bearing for same, that is a bearing at each end of the circular box, and
by this means the box will work more steady.
Our invention may be applied at each end of looms having two circular boxes
for pick and pick cloth.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a circular box
loom, with our improvements applied.
We dispense with the pulling hooks usually employed to change the boxes at
the end, and substitute therefor a rack 1 and pinion 2, the pinion being mounted
on a sinal shaft 3, fixed at the back of the circular box, and running from
end to end of the box, where shaft 3 carries a small pinion or gear wheel 4,
which gears into another small gear wheel 5 on the box shaft 6, whereby the
box is turned in either direction by the movement of the pinion 2, through the
medium of rack 1, operated in the manner hereinafter described.
We fix a stud 7 on the top of the back end of the loom side, on which we
mount a lever 8. At the front end of the L lever, we arrange a sliding
bracket 9, into a slot 9 in which works the pin 10 fixed to the lever. This
sliding bracket is held in position by blade spring 11. To the sliding bracket is
attached connecting rod 12, whose other end is connected to eccentric 13, mounted
on tappet shaft 14 on the outside of loom, as shewn. The eccentric gives a
rocking motion to the lever, but should anything get stuck fast, by the cards
or needles going wrong, the sliding bracket gives way by the spring operating
like the ordinary "broken back" lever, and follows the motion of the eccentric,
during which time the L lever remains motionless, and so prevents breakage
or damage to the machinery.
At the top of vertical extremity of L léver, we mount a card cylinder, 15,
which we term No. 3 cylinder, and at the rear end of this card cylinder, we fix
a catch wheel. On the top rail of the loom, we fix. a stud, on
which we place a catch 16, which hangs over the catch wheel of
No. 3 card cylinder. The movement of eccentric 13 causes top end of lever
to rock backwards and forwards, consequently the stationary catch 16 turns the
cylinder 15, when in action, and brings a fresh card in position every two
picks of the loom.
On the top rail of the loom we fix a bracket 17, on which are arranged to slide
two outside needles 18 and 19, fixed to a swivel 20, see Fig. 2, and an inner or
centre needle 21, which slides in bearings 23. Outside needle 18 is broken away
in Fig. 1 to expose inner needle 21, but in Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) which is a detached
plan view the parts are clearly shewn.
These three needles all point and are in close proximity to cylinder 15 as will
be seen in this latter view, so that when the said cylinder is drawn forward by
catch 16 as described, a card thereon will be brought in contact with the ends of
the three needles. Swivel 20, carrying the two outside needles is kept in posi-
tion by a spiral push spring 24, and T lever 25. Whichever of the wo outside
needles 18 or 19 is operated by the presence of a blank on the pattern card causes
the swivel 20 to turn in either one or the other direction as the case may be, and
to turn vertical shaft 22, to which it is fixed. This latter shaft passes through
bracket 17, and at the bottom end is supported by footstep 26..
Across the centre of the loom side, just over the tappet shaft, we place a sway
beam 27, one end of which is pivoted on stud 28 of bracket 29 at the rear of loom
side. In the centre of sway beam, we fix a stud 30 with runner bowl 31, whilst

page_text: at its front end the sway beam carries a pivotted double jawed rack 32, which
hangs downwards.
On the tappet shaft is fixed a cam, shewn in dotted lines, behind larger
cam O. The first named cam comes under the bowl 31, and works or lifts the
sway beam every two picks.
By reference to Fig. 4 it will be seen, that at the front, and near the bottom
of the loom, we fix a plain bracket 33, which is supported by an adjustable
foot 33. On this bracket we mount shaft 35 in bearings 84 and 85. This shaft
extends between the two jaws of double rack 32. One of the jaws of this double
rack is, however, cut away in Fig. 4 to expose pinion 86, which gears into the
teeth of double rack when it is moved in either direction as hereinafter described.
Disc time wheel 36 is provided with recesses 37, and kept in position by spiral
push spring 38, and V hammer 39.
A stay or sword 89 is also provided to steady the front part of the circular box
and slay, its upper extremity being bolted to the box frame, whilst its lower end
is bored, and mounted upon stud 90 fixed to bracket 33.
The inside pinion 86 on small shaft 35 is worked by the double rack 32, the
outside pinion 36 being arranged to work the single rack 1, which is connected
to the circular box, and turns the same, as already described
Near the bottom of vertical shaft 22, we fix a fork or guide 40 formed with a
groove to engage with flange 41 on double rack 32 to communicate to it the
movement of the horizontal needles. As before stated and clearly shewn in
detached view Fig. 5, behind the circular box and mounted in bearings is small
horizontal shaft 3, provided with pinion 2 about the centre of the box, and at
the end of this shaft, which extends to the end of the box frame, we fix a
second pinion 4 gearing into gear wheel or pinion 5 on shaft G of the box. The
motion given to pinion 36 by double rack 32 is transmitted by single rack 1 to
pinion 2, and thereby turns the circular box in a manner which is governed by
the movement of the horizontal needles. Single rack 1 is held in gear with
pinions 2 and 36 respectively by aid of pivotted bell crank levers 43 and 44 acted
upon by springs 45, 46, and carry flanged bowls 47 and 48 at their opposite
extremities, which keep the said single rack in gear by the pull of the springs.
Having thus delineated the mechanism for effecting the turn of the circular
box, we will now proceed to describe the several pattern card and chain cylinders,
and attendant mechanism, which are severally brought into action according to
the arrangement of the respective pattern cards or chain links on the respective
cylinders, and the governing of such cylinders in their relationship with one
another by suitable mechanism, whereby we are not only enabled to weave exten-
sive patterns
or designs of cloth, which cannot be attained under the present
system of operating such boxes, but we also considerably economise the cards. of
the pattern surface or surfaces that govern the circular box and the dobby lags
of the dobby in various ways.
The herein before described pattern cylinders Nos. 3 and 4 are formed with
three holes through them, on each square or side, and are fitted with two small
pegs on each square or flat, to carry the steel pattern cards as the cylinder
revolves. The pattern cards we use are shewn in Fig. 3, and are marked Nos. 1;
2 and 3 (Sheet 2). The holes in them marked are to receive the pins or pegs
on the cylinders to carry them round.
If we place a No. 1 card on No. 3 card cylinder, there will be no motion or
change of the circular box, from the fact that all the needles will go through
the holes in the cards and cylinders. but if a No. 2 card presents itself to the
needles, it will make one change in the circular box. Similarly, if a No. 2 card
with the blank at the reverse side be presented, a change will be effected, but the
reverse way. If a No. 3 card presents itself. to the needles, it will skip two
boxes or turn two boxes in place of one, which will be described shortly. It will
be seen that the blank part of No. pattern card presses against the horizontal

page_text: needles by the rocking motion of the L lever. When this takes place, the hori-
zontal needles move the swivel 20, which gives a part turn to vertical shaft 22,
thereby through the medium of arm 22ª, (see Fig. 2) moving the guide or lever 40
connected to the double jawed rack 32, and puts the same in gear with its small
pinion on the bottom horizontal shaft 35, which through the medium of pinion 36
and single rack I operates the circular box, as already described. End of guide
or lever 40 is notched to engage with cast rib 41 of double jawed rack 32
Fig. 4).
(See
One needle turns the box one way, and the other needle turns the box the
opposite way as the cards come round, and so brings the colour required to make
the pattern checking as wanted.
To make a double change, or skip one box, i.e. to turn two boxes in place of
one, we place a loose cam 0, which is about as large again as the ordinary cam,
shewn in dotted lines for effecting the ordinary change. Between the two cams
is a spiral spring to keep the large cam 0 out of gear. On the exterior face of
large cam 0, we form a groove, into which enters forked arm 49, fixed to a
second vertical shaft 50, which rests in footstep 51 at the bottom of the loom,
whilst its top end goes through bracket 17, and has secured to it arm 53, at
whose free end is fixed a small stud, carrying a loose bowl 54, adjacent to a small
wedge shaped pushing bracket 55, carried by the centre horizontal needle 21
(see Fig. 2).
When No. 3 card presents itself, with its blank to the centre needle, the latter
is retracted, and the wedge shaped bracket presses against the small bowl 54, and
so gives a part turn to the vertical shaft 50. which motion causes the fork arm 49
to move the double size cam 0, underneath the bowl of sway beam, the double
rack thereby moving twice the distance, and giving a double change to the cir-
cular box.
The manner in which we effect a great saving of pattern cards will be under-
stood by the following description.
At the side of the loom, and near the back of same, we fix a stud carrying a
chain or card cylinder 56, which we call No. 1 cylinder This chain cylinder is
kent in its place by the usual push spring and feeler. On it is mounted a chain
with high and low links.
A tail bracket 57 fixed to lever 8 or cast to it is provided with stud 58 at the
bottom, which carries a catch 59. This latter, participating in the movement of
the lever operates the ratchet wheel of No. 1 cylinder. On the tail piece 57
is also fixed a second pin or stud 60. Fulcrumed at 61 at about the centre of the
loom side is a lever 62, which hangs over No. 1 chain cylinder, and is provided
with a stud and a loose bowl to rest upon the links of the card chain of such
cylinder, whereby it is caused to rise and fall according to the high and low
links constituting the chain The said lever has a catch extremity 13 which lies
over the second stud 60 on the tail bracket.
When a low link presents itself to the bowl 64, the hooked end of lever 62
engages with the second stud 60. and stops the progress or oscillation of the
✓ lever, thereby rendering No. 3 card cylinder inoperative. Whatever card
has been presented on No. 3 pattern cylinder, there will be double the number of
picks put in for it, as there are low links on No. 1 cylinder. When, however,
a high link comes under the bowl 64 of lever 62, it lifts the hooked end of the
latter from second stud 60, and allows the L lever to continue its motion, and
operate No. 3 card cylinder, as hereinbefore described.
By this means we can weave any even number of picks to each card on No. 3
cylinder as the pattern may come in, say from 4 to 100 picks with each card,
or any even numbers of picks between.
In a further development, in card saving, useful in weaving complicated
checkings or patterns, we employ a second chain cylinder 65 which we term
No. 2 chain cylinder.
On the bracket 17 at the top of the loom, which holds the horizontal needles,

page_text: we fix a small bracket 66, and mount on a stud thereon, said No. 2 chain
cylinder 65. Fixed to the loom top is a bracket 67, on a stud on which is,
mounted lever 68 carrying about midway of its length a stud and bowl 69, the
latter of which rests upon the links of No. 2 chain cylinder. From this lever a
connecting rod 70 extends to catch 59, which operates No. 1 chain cylinder.
The
At the top of large rocking lever, and adjacent to No. 3 cylinder we fix small
On the bottom stud is
L bracket 71, on which we fix two studs 72 and 73.
mounted a trigger 74, one end of which projects over and rests upon the edges of
the cards of No. 3 card cylinder, and is held down by spiral spring 75.
other end of trigger is cranked upwards as shewn at 76. On the top stud, above
the trigger, we fix a catch 77, which hangs over No. 2 card cylinder and also rests
on the cranked end 76 of trigger 74, by which it is held up out of gear with No 2
chain cylinder.
On certain pattern cards of No. 3 pattern cylinder, we fix a nog or high projec-
tion, which in its turn comes underneath the end of the trigger, and lifts it,
thereby depressing its other end, so as to allow the top catch 77 to fall, and
engage with the ratchet 78 of No. 2 chain cylinder, and pull it over by the rock-
ing movement of the L lever, so as to bring a high link on No. 2 into play. This
has the effect of raising lever 68, which through its connecting-rod 70 raises
catch 59 out of gear with cylinder No. 1.
No. 3 cylinder now commences to weave in the ordinary way of two picks to
the card until another nog appears, and allows catch 77 to again fall into gear
with ratchet 78 of chain cylinder No. 2, whereby a small link is presented to
lever 68, which then drops, and chain cylinder No. 1 set in operation, so as to
weave a determined number of picks to each particular card on No. 3 card
cylinder according to the number of low links on No. 1 cylinder for the time
being.
It will now be quite readily understood that No. 2 chain cylinder governs
No. 1, which determines the number of picks to the card on No. 3, and the nogs
on No. 3 pattern cylinder govern No. 2 cylinder.
Our invention is still further extended in its range of application by the employ-
ment of an additional pattern card cylinder 79, which we term No. 4. This we
place at the top of rocking ✓ lever 8 in close proximity and slightly above
No. 3 pattern cylinder. Our No. 4 cylinder operates a second pair of horizontal
needles 80, which are fixed above, and on the same swivels and studs as the first
named needles, so as to change the boxes when required, and in the same way as
the first pair of needles already described.
To turn the said cylinders alternately, we substitute for the single catch 16, a
double shaped catch 81 (see Fig. 6), which is fixed on the same stud as the
single catch.
This double catch is governed by the high and low links of No. 1
cylinder, and for this purpose, we make use of a connecting rod from the said.
double catch, and attach it to the hooked lever 62. It will be seen, that the
latter lever is formed with holes 82 to enable the said connecting rod to be
readily attached or disconnected. When pattern cylinders Nos. 3 and 4 are
operated alternately as described, stud or pin 60 is removed, to prevent hooked
lever 62 engaging therewith, and allow the rocking of lever 8.
In a modification, this double catch 81 may be governed by an extra chain or
card cylinder placed in a line with No. 3 card cylinder.
By this novel arrangement, it will be seen, that we are enabled to work two
or handkerchiefs, weaving the border with
checkings alternately for scarves
No. 1 cylinder, and the centre or ground work with the other card cylinder,
one pattern of the border on one cylinder, and one pattern of the centre on the
other cylinder, and we can repeat the patterns as many times as required to suit
the length of the handkerchief or scarf, by the number of high and low links on
No. 1 chain cylinder. We thereby effect a very great saving of chain cards.
We may also save the lags of the dobby by fixing a connecting rod to the
small lever 68 at the top of the loom, and connecting its other end to the catch.

page_text: of the dobby, which turns the pattern barrel. The high and low links of chain
on No. 2 cylinder puts into or out of action the dobby catch by this means, and
so stops or starts the dobby lag cylinder, when required. The dobby lag cylinder
is thus governed by nog cards on No. 3 card cylinder. We also thereby effect a
saving of dobby lags.
For looms weaving pick and pick cloth our invention is also applicable, our
improved mechanism being then fixed at both sides of such a loom.
The circular box shaft 6 is usually made to extend only a short distance into the
body of the box, but, as will be seen. in Fig. 5, we prefer to extend this shaft,
and carry it clean through the box, and form a bearing or support 88 therefor.
This bearing may be simply a hole formed in the cast plate, which embraces the
slay, or it may be a small bracket with a hole bored in it, and fixed in a recess
in the end of the slay.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In circular box looms, the small horizontal shaft 3, mounted in bearings on
the box frame, and provided with toothed pinions 2 and 4, the latter to gear into
pinion 5 on box shaft 6, all being arranged to turn the circular box, substantially
as described and shewn in Figs. 1 and 5.
2. In circular box looms, the mechanism described in the preceding claim, in
combination with extended shaft 6 and bearing 88, to steady its motion, sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in Fig. 5.
3. In circular box looms, the combination, with mechanism claimed in Claim 1,
of the single rack 1, levers 43 and 44, shaft 35, pinions 36, and 86, double
rack 32, sway beam 27, the respective parts of mechanism being arranged and
operated substantially as described and shewn in Figs. 1 and 4.
4. In circular box looms, the combination of mechanism for giving a double
turn to the box, or to skip one box, consisting of upright shaft 50, carrying the
arm 49 at its lower extremity, and operating loose cam O, and at its upper
extremity being formed with an arm 53, carrying bowl 54, operated by wedge
shaped bracket 55, mounted on central needle. 21, all combined and acting sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
5. In circular box looms, L lever 8, which carries No. 3 and No. 4 card
cylinders in combination with tail bracket 57, provided with studs 60 and 58,
the latter stud carrying catch 59, which operates chain cylinder 56, while the
former stud engaging with catch end 63 of lever 62, so as to suspend the motion
of the rocking lever 8, at the times and in manner substantially as described
and shewn.
6. In circular box looms, in which the pattern cylinder is mounted on a rock-
ing lever, the L shaped or other conveniently shaped bracket 71, carrying
a trigger 74, resting on card cylinder No. 3, held down by spring 75, combined
with a catch 77 to engage with the ratchet wheel of the other cylinder No. 2 and
arranged to raise or lower lever 68, and thereby put into or out of action catch 59,
of a third cylinder, which we term No. 1 substantially as shewn and described.
6. The subject matter of the preceding claim in combination with a connecting
rod, which may be attached to the dobby catch which is governed thereby, sub-
stantially as described.
7. In circular box looms, L lever 8 in combination with No. 3 and No. 4
pattern card cylinders, worked alternately by means of double catch, shewn in
Fig. 6, combined with connecting rod to lever 64, substantially as described.
8. In circular box looms, L lever 8 in combination with No. 3 and No. 4
cylinders worked alternately by means of double catch, shewn in Fig. 6, substan-
tially as described.
'
9 In circular box looms, the five horizontal needles arranged to slide in
bracket 17, and acted upon by the cards on two card cylinders No. 3 and No. 4,

page_text: the inner needle being devised to skip one box, while the outer needles effect the
ordinary changes to the boxes, substantially as described and illustrated.
10. The general arrangement, construction, and combination of machinery for
turning circular boxes, substantially as described, and illustrated with reference
to the drawings.
11. In circular box mechanism of the kind described, the combination with
rocking lever 8, of a pin 10 fixed to same, working in slot 9 of sliding
bracket 9, acted upon by spring 11, to prevent damage to the machinery, sub-
stantially as described and illustrated.
12. The bracket 33a fixed to the loom side to carry shaft 35 and pinions, in
combination with the same and adjustable foot 33, substantially as described and
shewn in Fig. 4.
Dated thin 05th
RICHMOND & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents, 12, Standish Street, Burnley.