Improvements in and relating to Thrust and other Bearings.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 18th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Thrust and other Bearings.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK SIMONDS, of Fitchburg, Massachusetts, United States of
America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates chiefly to thrust or end-pressure bearings in which circular
series or groups of spherical rollers or balls are employed to diminish the friction.
My improvements are, however, applicable to ball-bearings for supporting rotating
platforms or turntables or other parts of machinery.
An important feature of my said invention is the construction of the bearing in
such a manner that the rollers or balls of each circular series or group are held in
place by concentric surfaces and work between parallel plane bearing surfaces, and
opposite sides of the said rollers or balls are in contact respectively with the said
plane surfaces at equal distances from the centre of the shaft, so that a straight line
extending through both points of contact of either roller or ball with the said plane
surfaces will be parallel with the axis of the shaft.
Another feature of my said invention is the provision of novel means for adjusting
the said surfaces relatively to each other to bring them to bear against the rollers or
balls and to compensate, if necessary, for wear of the plane surfaces and of the rollers
or balls. In some instances, I provide for the simultaneous adjustment of two or
more of the bearing surfaces relatively to the corresponding bearing surfaces. In
other instances, I provide for the separate adjustment of one of each pair of the
hearing surfaces relatively to the other bearing surface of the said pair.
Another feature of my said invention is the provision of rings or annular pieces
each of which has formed thereon one of the aforesaid concentric surfaces and one
of the aforesaid plane surfaces, and which are so fitted together that a channel or cavity
is formed between the said surfaces for the reception of the rollers or balls.
In carrying my said invention into practice I proceed as follows, viz. I fit
upon the shaft or other rotating part one or more rings or annular pieces of steel
or other suitable material in such a manner that each ring bears against a shoulder or
collar on the shaft or against the ring adjacent to it. Upon each of these rings I
place another ring or annular piece in such a manner that the outer ring can slide
freely upon the inner ring. These rings are so shaped that, when fitted together,
there is between the two rings of each pair, an annular channel or cavity in which the
rollers or balls are placed, and which is substantially square in transverse section and
is preferably of such dimensions that the said rollers or balls will move freely between
the concentric surfaces. This formation of the rings or annular pieces enables me to
very effectually harden and finish the bearing surfaces.
In some instances, I combine with each pair of the said rings, adjusting-screws
whereby one of the said rings may be moved endwise upon the other ring until the
bearing surfaces of the two rings are in contact with the rollers or balls, and,
should the said surfaces or the rollers or balls become worn, one of the said surfaces
may be adjusted relatively to the other surface to compensate for such wear. I find
it advantageous to arrange one of such pairs of rings with rollers or balls between
them, on each side of a collar on the shaft, and to enclose the whole in a strong
casing or box, the end or ends of which are provided with tapped holes for the
adjusting-screws.
According to another modification of my invention, I arrange upon the shaft side
by side several pairs of the said rings with rollers or balls between the rings of each
pair, in such a manner that the inner ring of the pair at one end of the series bears
against one side of a collar on the shaft, and the outer ring of the pair at the other
end of the series bears against the corresponding end of the casing or box. On the

page_text: other side of the collar on the shaft, I arrange one or more pairs of the said rings
with rollers or balls between the rings of each pair, and in the corresponding end of
the said casing or box I provide suitable adjusting-screws. By means of these screws,
all of the outer rings may be simultaneously adjusted relatively to the inner rings, for
the purpose above specified.
According to a further modification of my said invention, I provide the outer rings
with suitable lugs or flanges, and I pass through holes in the lugs or flanges of all the
outer rings screw-bolts or screw-threaded rods, which are firmly secured at their ends
in a strong support or pedestal. In combination with each outer ring, I provide upon
the said screw-bolts or rods, suitable nuts whereby the said outer ring may be
adjusted relatively to the corresponding inner ring. In this case, I prefer to so form
the said rings that each outer ring can slide end wise upon the corresponding inner
ring through a sufficient distance to permit the removal and replacement of the circular
series or group of rollers or balls between the said rings, without disturbing any of
the other rings of the bearing.
My improvements are very advantageously applicable to thrust-bearings for screw-
propeller and other heavy shafts. My said improvements are also applicable with
advantage to step-bearings for vertical shafts.
Moreover, by enlarging the diameter of the rings, I adapt my invention for
supporting rotating platforms or turntables of gun mountings, cranes or other heavy
machinery.
Dated this 19th day of October 1820
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Thrust and other Bearings.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK SIMONDS, of Fitchburg, Massachusetts, United States of
America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to bearings in which spherical rollers or balls are employed to
diminish the friction.
My improvements are chiefly designed to provide, in a more efficient manner than
heretofore, for resisting or supporting the thrust or end-pressure of screw-propeller
and other shafts or axles. By my present improvements, however, I also provide
simple and efficient ball-bearings for supporting turn-tables, turrets, cranes and similar
rotating structures, and for resisting or supporting radial pressure in axle and other
bearings.
One important feature of my said invention is the construction of the bearing with
readily removable or detachable inner and outer rings or annular or tubular pieces
each of which has a surface concentric with the rotating body and a plane surface
perpendicular to the axis of rotation. These rings are so formed and arranged
relatively to each other that the plane and concentric surfaces of each pair of rings
form an annular channel or cavity substantially rectangular in transverse section,
wherein the balls are placed. The balls bear at diametrically opposite points against
and roll upon the pair of plane surfaces or upon the pair of concentric surfaces, as the
case may be, the other pair of surfaces in either case, serving to retain the said balls
in position. Therefore, in the case of a thrust-bearing, a straight line extending
through both points of contact of any ball with the plane bearing surfaces, will be
parallel with the axis of rotation. I make the said removable or detachable rings or
annular pieces of steel or other suitable metal.
By forming the bearing surfaces on rings or annular or tubular pieces which are
separate from the shaft or other body in or upon which they are to be used, I am
enabled to conveniently harden or temper and finish the said bearing surfaces before

page_text: the parts of the bearing are put together. Moreover the parts of my improved
bearing can be very readily put together and taken apart, and one or other of the
bearing surfaces can be readily replaced, should this be necessary, without replacing
the entire bearing or the shaft or axle.
Another feature of my said invention is the provision of novel means for adjusting
the said rings or annular pieces relatively to each other to bring the bearing surfaces
thereof into their working position against the balls, and to compensate, if necessary,
for wear of the said surfaces and balls. In some instances, I provide for the simul-
taneous adjustment of two or more of the outer rings or annular pieces relatively to
the corresponding inner rings or annular pieces. In other instances, I provide for
the separate or independent adjustment of the outer ring of each pair relatively to the
inner ring of the said pair, without the necessity for disturbing the other parts of the
bearing. 1 sometimes so construct the inner rings that the outer rings can slide
longitudinally thereon through a sufficient distance to permit the removal and
replacement of the balls.
The balls between each pair of rings or annular pieces are arranged in one or more
circular series or groups. I sometimes arrange the said balls in concentric series or
groups, which are preferably separated by circular partitions or hoops.
In bearings for turntables or similar rotating structures, I prefer to provide one or
more circular series or groups of balls near the periphery of the turn-table or other
structure and one or more series or groups of balls near the centre thereof. The balls
at the periphery are arranged to bear against and roll upon plane bearing surfaces for
the purpose of supporting the turntable or other structure. The balls at the centre
are arranged to bear against and roll upon either the plane surfaces for the purpose
of assisting to support the structure, or the concentric surfaces for the purpose of
resisting radial pressure and preventing lateral displacement of the said structure.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a sectional perspective view showing a pair of rings combined with a
circular series or group of balls according to my present invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation, partly in vertical longitudinal central section, showing
a simple form of thrust bearing constructed according to my present improvements.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal central section showing another form or modifi-
cation of my improved thrust-bearing, the shaft being shown in side elevation.
Figure is a side elevation, partly in vertical central section, showing a simple
form of step-bearing constructed according to my present improvements.
Figure 5 is a vertical central section showing another form or modification of my
improved step-bearing, the shaft being shown in side elevation.
Figure 6 is a side elevation, partly in vertical longitudinal central section, and
Figure an end elevation, partly in transverse section, showing another form or
modification of my improved thrust-bearing.
Figure 8 is a vertical central section of another form or modification of my improved
step-bearing, the shaft being shown in side elevation.
Figures 9 and 10 are similar views showing further modifications of my improved
step-bearing.
Figure 11 is a vertical central section of a bearing constructed according to my
present invention for the over-hanging arm of a drilling or other machine, or for a
rotating part of machinery where suitable..
Figure 12 is a vertical longitudinal central section of a thrust or end-pressure
bearing constructed according to a further modification of my said invention.
Figure 13 is a sectional perspective view of a pair of rings or annular pieces
having concentric series or groups of balls arranged between them, according to my
present invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in vertical central section, illustrating one
form of my improved bearing adapted for a turntable or similar rotating structure.
Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 are vertical cent al sections showing other forms or
modifications of my improved bearing adapted for supporting a turntable or similar
rotating structure.

page_text: Figure 19 is a horizontal central section of a trunnion-bearing constructed according
to my said invention for an oscillating cylinder, and
Figure 20 is a vertical section on the line x, x, Figure 19.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
c' are
a, a are the inner and b, the outer rings or annular or tubular pieces; c,
the balls, which are arranged in circular series or groups between the said rings.
It will be seen that these rings or annular or tubular pieces are formed with
cylindrical surfaces a', and with plane surfaces a², 12; and that the cylindrical
surface a of the inner ring a is concentric with the cylindrical surface of the
outer ring b, whilst the plane surfaces a², 2 of the said rings are parallel to each
other and perpendicular to the said concentric surfaces. Therefore between the rings
of each pair there is formed an annular channel or cavity for the balls which is
rectangular in transverse section.
In the bearing shown in Figure 2, two rings a, b with balls c between them are
arranged on each side of a collar A' on the shaft A, the rings a being fitted and
secured upon the said shaft in any suitable manner so that they will rotate therewith,
but are readily removable or detachable therefrom, and the rings & being fitted within
a box, casing or pedestal B in such a manner that they are readily removable there-
from. This box or casing is closed by a cap or cover C held in place by means of
screw-studs and nuts or in any other convenient manner. The balls c bear against
the plane surfaces a², 62 of the rings a, b, and are held in place by the concentric
surfaces a¹, thereof, which are sufficiently far apart to permit the balls to work
freely between them. The direction of the pressure upon the balls c is indicated by
dotted lines passing through the points of contact of the balls with the bearing
surfaces.
It will be seen that, in this and in the other forms of my improved bearing, the
balls bear at diametrically opposite points against the pair of plane surfaces or
against the pair of concentric surfaces; therefore there will be no rubbing of the
balls against the bearing surfaces, the said balls rotating about their axes and having
a rolling motion upon the bearing surfaces as they revolve around the axis of the
shaft or other rotating body.
In the bearing shown in Figure 3, there are three pairs of rings a, b, with balls c
between the rings of each pair, arranged side by side on one side of the collar A',
and a single pair of the said rings with balls between them on the other side thereof.
This arrangement is advantageous in cases where the thrust or end-pressure is greater
in one direction than in the other direction. The shaft A may extend either through
a hole in the box, casing or pedestal B as shown in Figure 2, or through a hole in
the cover C as shown in Figure 3.
To provide for the adjustment of the rings relatively to the rings a for the
purpose of bringing the surfaces a², 62 to a bearing against the balls, I employ
adjusting screws e which are passed through tapped holes in the cover C and which
bear against the adjacent ring b. It will be seen that, by turning these screws, the
rings on either side of the collar A' will be simultaneously adjusted relatively to the
corresponding rings a, the rings on the side of the collar A' next the screws, being
brought to a bearing against the balls by the direct action of the said screws, and the
rings on the other side of the said collar being brought to a bearing against the
balls by an end wise movement of the box, casing or pedestal B relatively to
the shaft A under the action of the said screws. The holes B' (Figure 2) for the
holding-down bolts D should be elongated to permit the required longitudinal move-
ment of the box or casing B relatively to the shaft A for the purpose above specified.
It is obvious that I can, if desired, employ adjusting screws e passed through the
closed end of the box or casing B, and bearing against the adjacent ring, so that
the rings on either side of the collar A' may be adjusted independently of those on
the other side thereof.
In Figure 4, I have shown a step-bearing in which an inner ring a is fitted upon
the shaft A beneath the collar A' and an outer ring b is fitted in the box or
casing B, which forms a strong support or base for the said bearing; a single

page_text: circular series or group of bails is arranged between these rings so that the said
hills bear at diametrically opposite points against and roll upon the plane
surfaces a², b² and are retained in place by the concentric cylindrical surfaces a', I'
of the said rings.
In the bearing shown in Figure 5, three pairs of rings a, b are arranged one
above another, so that each ring rests upon the corresponding ring of the pair next
below it, the lowermost ring being supported by the box or casing B, and the
shaft A being supported by means of its collar A' upon the uppermost ring a.
When two or more pairs of rings a, bare arranged side by side as in Figure 3
or one above another as in Figure 5, I find it advantageous to make the ribs or
flanges of the rings a with recesses a³ to obviate any liability to contact of the
rotating rings with the stationary or non-rotating rings. Moreover with this
arrangement, should the balls used in the hearing be somewhat larger in diameter
than those shown in the drawings the rings will adapt themselves thereto. In lieu
of the recesses a³ in the rings a, I can, if desired, form similar recesses in the ribs or
flanges of the rings for the purpose above specified.
Figures 6 and 7 show another form or modification of my improved thrust or
end-pressure bearing, provided with means for separately adjusting the outer rings
of each pair.
In this bearing, three pairs of rings with balls between them are arranged side by
side on each side of the collar A' of the shaft A. E, E are screw-bolts which extend
through holes in the ends of the pedestal B and also through holes in lugs or
flanges 6 formed on the outer rings b. These bolts are firmly secured in the
pedestal by means of nuts E' being thus restrained from end wise motion relatively
to the said pedestal and to the rings b. On the said screw-bolts, in combination with
each outer ring b, are arranged adjusting nuts F and locking nuts F', whereby the
said ring may be accurately adjusted relatively to the corresponding inner ring a to
bring the surfaces a³, 2 of the said rings into their proper working position against
the balls, and may be firmly locked in any position to which it may be adjusted.
Each ring a is preferably made (as shown) of such length that the corresponding
ring can be moved longitudinally thereon through a sufficient distance to permit
the withdrawal of the balls from the channel or cavity between the said rings and the
replacing of the said balls therein, without the necessity for taking the entire bearing
to pieces or otherwise disturbing the other parts of the bearing. The outer rings b
are preferably so formed that, when they are in place, their surfaces 6' project more
or less beyond the plane surfaces a of the inner rings a, as shown, and thus prevent
the entrance of dust or other foreign matter into the channel or cavity between the
said rings. This arrangement is not, however, absolutely necessary.
It is obvious that I can, if desired, employ other suitable means for separately
adjusting the rings & relatively to the rings a for the purposes above specified.
I find it advantageous to combine, in a single bearing, one or more pairs of rings
with balls between them for resisting thrust or end-pressure and one or more pairs of
rings with balls between them for resisting radial pressure.
In the bearing shown in Figure 8, the shaft A is provided with a fixed collar A¹,
beneath which are arranged one below another the rings a. The rings are arranged
one above another in the box, casing or pedestal B. Between each of the rings a and
the corresponding ring b I arrange a circular series or group of balls c for resisting
thrust or end-pressure. Between the rings a, b at the top of the baring, I also
arrange a circular series or group of balls c¹; these balls rest upon the plane surface a*
of the said ring a and bear against and roll upon the concentric cylindrical
surfaces a, b of the said rings a, b. At the lower end of the bearing. I provide a
supplementary outer ring, between which and the lowermost inner ring a. I arrange
a circular series or group of balls c¹; these balls also bear against and roll upon the
concentric surfaces a', ', and, together with the balls et at the top of the bearing,
serve to resist radial pressure and thus prevent lateral movement of the shaft A.
In Figure 9, I have shown a very simple form of step-bearing constructed according
to my present invention, wherein one series or group of balls is provided for supporting

page_text: the shaft, and another for preventing lateral movement or displacement thereof, and
these two series or groups of balls are arranged between a single pair of my concentric
removable rings or annular pieces.
In Figure 10, I have shown another form of my improved bearing, wherein a single
inner ring is used in combination with two outer rings and with two series or groups
of balls, one for supporting the shaft and the other for resisting lateral or radial
pressure. It is evident that I can, if desired, use more than two outer rings and
inore than two series or groups of balls in combination with a single inner ring or
annular or tubular piece. Or 1 can use two or more inner rings and two or more
series or groups of balls in combination with a single outer ring or annular or tubular
piece.
In Figure 11, I have shown a bearing for the overhanging arm G of a drilling or
other machine. In this hearing, there are three pairs of rings a, b arranged one above
another, the rings a being fitted upon the post or pivot-pin A and resting upon the
collar A thereof, and the rings b being fitted in the said arm G. The middle pair of
rings a, b is arranged in combination with balls c which bear against and roll upon
the plane surfaces a², 62 of the said rings and serve to support the arm G. The upper
and lower pairs of rings a, b are arranged in combination with balls c¹, which bear
against and roll upon the concentric cylindrical surfaces a', 'of the said rings and
servo to maintain the said arm G in its horizontal position.
In the bearing shown in Figure 12, there is a pair of rings or annular pieces a, b
on each side of the collar A' of the shaft A. Between the rings on the left hand side
of the said collar, the balls c are arranged in a circular series or group and bear
against and roll upon the plane surfaces a², 2 of the said rings. Between the
rings a, b on the other side of the said collar, there is a series or group of balls c
which hear against and roll upon the plane surfaces a², 62 of the said rings, and two
series or groups of balls c' which bear against and roll upon the concentric cylindrical
surfaces a, b of the said rings. Suitable rings d are arranged between the series or
groups of balls c¹ to separate the balls of one series from those of the other series.
The box, casing or pedestal B is provided with a cover and with screws e for
adjusting the outer rings 6 relatively to the inner rings a substantially as hereinbefore
described.
When it is desired to increase the number of balls in a bearing and thus provide
for more effectually resisting the crushing stress to which the balls are subjected, I
sometimes arrange the balls in concentric series or groups.
In Figure 13, I have shown a single pair of my concentric removable rings or
annular pieces a, b, with three concentric series or groups of balls c between them.
d, d are hoops placed between the series or groups of balls for the purpose of
separating the same. Any desired number of such pairs of rings or annular pieces of
the required dimensions, with the concentric series of balls between them, may be
used with advantage in a thrust-bearing or in a step-bearing or in a bearing for
supporting a turntable or similar rotating structure.
In the hearing shown in Figure 14, there is a single pair of rings a, b with three
concentric series or groups of balls c between them for supporting the rotating
body J. The inner ring a is extended upward and the outer ring is provided with
a circular recess or channel 63 in which is arranged a circular series or group of
balls c. These balls bear against concentric cylindrical surfaces a', on the
rings a, b and prevent lateral movement of the rotating part relatively to the
stationary or non-rotating part. The inner ring a is fixed upon a stud or pivot
pin A' formed on or fixed in a base-plate H. The outer ring b is fitted and secured
in a suitable recess or cavity in the underside of the rotating body J.
In Figure 15, I have shown another bearing for supporting a turntable or similar
rotating structure. In this bearing, the ring a is fitted in a recess or cavity in the
rotating body J and the ring b is fitted in a recess or cavity in the base-plate H.
Two concentric series or groups of balls c for supporting the rotating body are
arranged between the rings a, b; and a hoop d is employed for separating the said
series or groups of balls. The rings a, b, and also the hoop d may be advantageously

page_text: formed in sections or segments, and the hoop d may be fitted into a groove or recess
in the ring b as shown. The part J is arranged to rotate about a central pivot A'
fixed in the base-plate H.
I find it advantageous to support large rotating structures, such as turntables, at or
near the centre as well as at or near the periphery thereof.
For this purpose, in the bearings shown in Figure 16, I provide inner and outer
rings or annular pieces a, b of much smaller diameter than those at the periphery,
and arrange these rings in pairs with balls between them around the central
pivot A. The small rings or annular pieces a, bare formed with concentric
cylindrical surfaces a', & and with plane surfaces a² like the larger rings a, b. I
prefer to use two pairs of these smaller rings or annular pieces, one of the said pairs
being so arranged that the balls bear against and roll upon the plane surfaces thereof,
and thus serve to support the turntable, and the other pair being so arranged that the
balls hear against and roll upon the concentric surfaces and thus resist lateral
movement of the turntable relatively to the base-plate. It is obvious, however, that i
can, if desired, use one or any other suitable number of pairs of the said rings or
annular pieces. In the apparatus shown in Figure 16, the central pivot A' consists
of a tube which is firmly secured in, and rotates with the turntable J. The small
rings a are fixed on this tube and the corresponding rings bare fitted and secured in
a recess or cavity in the base-plate H.
In Figures 17 and 18, I have shown other forms or modifications of the bearing
shown in Figure 16.
I sometimes construct a bearing with concentric pairs of my removable rings or
annular pieces and balls arranged between the rings of each pair. I am thus enabled
to increase the number of balls in a bearing without increasing the length thereof.
In Figures 19 and 20, I have shown a trunnion-bearing constructed in this manner
for an oscillating cylinder. A is the trunnion of the oscillating cylinder; B is one
of the supports or pedestals for the said oscillating cylinder. The rings a are fitted
upon the said trunnion and the rings bare fitted in the support or pedestal B,
which is provided with a cap or cover B2 for holding the said rings in place.
b
The inner ring a next the trunnion is a complete ring. The other ring a and the
rings are incomplete rings, that is to say, they are split or divided at one side so
that they can be adjusted relatively to the ring a and to each other, to bring their
concentric surfaces into the proper working position against the halls c.
For
effecting the adjustment of the said rings, I provide screws which are fitted into
tapped holes in the cover B2, and the ends of which bear against the outermost
ring b. By constructing the bearing in this manner, I can obtain a large collective
area of the bearing surfaces, whilst making the same much shorter than the trunnion-
bearings ordinarily used for supporting oscillating cylinders.
It is obvious that I can, if desired, employ more than two concentric pairs of rings
or annular pieces arranged in this manner. Moreover can, if desired, use complete
instead of incomplete rings, as it is not absolutety necessary to make the rings
adjustable.
It will be seen that my improved bearings can be conveniently constructed so as to
obviate any liability to the entrance of water into the spaces between the rings or
annular pieces.
In bearings in which great radial pressure has to be resisted or sustained, I some-
times modify my invention by using cylindrical rollers instead of balls between my
concentric removable rings or annular pieces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood that
I claim :-
First. In a ball-bearing, the combination of a pair of concentric rings or annular
or tubular pieces fitted respectively in or upon the rotating and non-rotating parts in
such a manner that they are readily removable therefrom and each formed with a surface

page_text: concentric with the rotating part and with a plane surface perpendicular to the axis
thereof, so that there is an annular channel or cavity between the said surfaces which
is rectangular in transverse section, and balls arranged within the said channel or
cavity and bearing at diametrically opposite points against the said plane surfaces
or against the said concentric surfaces, substantially as, and for the purposes, above
specified.
Second. A ball-bearing comprising removable or detachable inner and outer rings
or annular pieces arranged in pairs side by side or one above another and so formed
that there is an annular channel between the rings of each pair, and balls arranged
in such annular channels, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Third. The combination, with the readily removable or detachable inner and outer
rings or annular pieces and the balls arranged between the same, of the improved
means for adjusting (either separately or simultaneously) the outer rings relatively
to the inner rings, substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified..
Fourth. The combination, with a shaft or the like provided with a circumferential
projection or collar, of one or more pairs of my concentric removable rings or annular
pieces arranged on each side of the said collar, and balls arranged between the rings
of each pair (with or without the adjusting devices above described) substantially as,
and for the purposes, above specified.
Fifth. A thrust or end-pressure bearing wherein circular series or groups of balls
are arranged between inner and outer rings or annular pieces constructed as described
with plane bearing surfaces and with surfaces concentric with the rotating body
which retain the balls in place but do not serve as bearing surfaces, and wherein
the outer rings are adjustable separately or independently of each other relatively to
the inner rings, substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Sixth. A ball-bearing comprising two or more pairs of rings or annular pieces,
wherein the outer ring of each pair is movable longitudinally upon the inner ring
thereof through a distance sufficient to permit the removal and replacing of the balls
without disturbing the other parts of the bearing.
Seventh. In a ball-bearing, a pair of concentric rings or annular or tubular pieces
between which are arranged balls for resisting or supporting thrust or end-pressure
and balls for resisting or supporting radial pressure, substiantially as hereinbefore
described.
Eighth. A ball-bearing wherein concentric series or groups of balls are arranged
between parallel plane surfaces and are separated from each other by circular
partitions or hoops, substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Ninth. A ball-bearing comprising two or more pairs of inner and outer rings or
annular pieces each having a surface concentric with the rotating body and a plane
surface perpendicular to the axis thereof, and circular series or groups of balls
arranged between the said inner and outer rings, the balls of one or more of such
series or groups bearing against the plane surfaces and the remainder of the balls
bearing against the concentric surfaces of the corresponding rings, substantially as,
and for the purposes, above specified.
Tenth. In a ball-bearing, the combination, with a single ring or annular or tubular
piece, of two or more rings or annular or tubular pieces concentric therewith and
balls arranged between the inner and outer rings for resisting or supporting thrust
or end-pressure and radial pressure, substantially as herein before described and for the
purposes specified.
Eleventh. In a ball-bearing, the combination of concentric rings or annular pieces
attached alternately to the rotating and to the non-rotating parts, and balls arranged
in annular channels or cavities of rectangular transverse section formed between each
pair of the said rings, substantially as hereinbefore described and for the purpose
specified.
Twelfth. A ball-bearing comprising inner and outer rings or annular pieces which
are constructed as above described with concentric and plane surfaces and one or
more of which are split or divided or incomplete, balls arranged between the concentric

page_text: bearing surfaces of the said rings or annular pieces, and suitable means for adjusting
the said incomplete rings or annular pieces, substantially as, and for the purposes,
above specified.
Thirteenth. A ball-bearing such as I have hereinabove described, wherein one of
each pair of the rings or annular pieces is formed with a recess as at a³, Figures 3, 5,
8 and 11, for the purposes above specified.
Fourteenth. The modification of my invention wherein I use cylindrical rollers
between my concentric removable rings or annular pieces for the purpose of sustaining
heavy radial pressure, as above specified.
Fifteenth. The improved bearings constructed substantially as described with
reference to either of the forms or modifications shown in the accompanying drawings
for the purposes above specified.
Dated this 16th day of August 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.