Improvements in Type Writers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
'Improvements in Type Writers.
A communication from abroad by Messrs. WYCKOFF, SEAMANS, & BENEDICT,
of 327, Broadway, New York City, New York, United States of America, n
Corporation organized under the laws of the State of New York.
"I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell & Wilding, of 1 Queen 'Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the 'same is to be performed to be.
particularly described and' ascertained in and by the following statement:―
Some of the following improvements relate to type writers generally, while
others relate more particularly to the "Remington" class of machines having
two or more types on each type-bar, which necessitates a lateral shift of the
plateu cylinder to bring it into proper position to be struck by either of the
type.
The main objects of this invention are to obviate the usual defective guiding of
the paper-carriage produced by the wearing of the usual anti-friction guiding
rollers or their bearings; to provide a lateral shifting mechanism 'for the platen
cylinder that is devoid of resistance to the movement of the carriage; to provide a
ribbon moving mechanism whereby the ribbon may be automatically moved laterally
and longitudinally and automatically reversed longitudinally until exhausted; to
provide for locating the bottom of the platen cylinder relatively to the type-bar
pivots in such a manner that the divergence of the type, when striking the paper
on the platen cylinder is reduced to the minimum to provide a device for
disengaging and re-engaging the letter spacing dogs, whereby the disengaging
and re-engaging will be simultaneous with the line spacing and carriage returning
movements; to provide a paper-feeding and guiding device wherein a greatly
reduced diameter of anti-friction guiding rolls may be used, whereby their lines of
contact with the paper may be nearer to the line of print, and whereby the lateral
space necessary for the paper guide may be reduced.
The invention consists in the various features of construction and combinations
of devices hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the
appended claims.
The accompanying drawings show so much of a type writing machine as is
necessary to illustrate the several improvements.
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machine with the paper-carriage shown as
moved nearly its full distance to the left, in order to afford a better view of some
of the parts of the machine.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the upper portion of the machine, the usually
employed key-levers in this view, as well as in Figure 1, being omitted in order
that the parts may be shown on a large scale.
Figure 3 is an end view, partially broken away, with the paper-carriage removed,
for the purpose of illustrating the means for moving the inking ribbon.
Figure 4 is a rear elevation of the same.
Figure 5 is a similar view, showing the ribbon moving devices in a different
position.
Figure 6 is a vertical section taken at the lines, of Figure 4.
Figure 7 is a detail sectional view showing the mode of counecting one of the
spools with its shaft.
Figure 8 is a partial plan view of the paper-carriage, showing particularly the
left hand half thereof.

page_text: ..
Figure 9 is a vertical cross-section thereof, taken at the line y, y of Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a partial plan of the paper-carriage showing more particularly the
right hand half thereof.
Figure 11 is a vertical cross-section taken at the line ; x of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is a partial vortical section corresponding to a portion of Figure 11,
and showing the parts in their shifted positions.
Figure 13 is a vertical section taken at the line w, w of Figures 10' and 11.
Figure 14 is a similar view with the moving parts in a different position; aud
Figure 15 is a vertical section, taken at the line r, v of Figure 10.
In the several views the same part will be found designated by the same numerals
of reference.
:
1 is the top-plate of the machine, 2 the main paper-carriage, 3 the rear carriage
hinge-rod, 4 the front carriage guide-rail,,5 the auxiliary or platen carriage,
6 the platen or impression roller, 7 the type bar disc, 8 the dog frame or holder,
9 the spacing rack, 10 the spacing dogs, 11 the carriage spring driving druin,
12 the carriage tension-ratchet, 13 the strap connecting the carriage to the
driving-drum, 14 the carriage line-spacing and releasing-lever, and 15 the carriage
shift-rod.
i
For the purpose of obviating the usual defective guiding of the carriage, caused
by the wearing of the usually employed grooved guiding rolls or their bearings,
there are provided at the front side of the carriage 2, two pairs of cylindrical guide
rolls 16, 16, and 17, 17, the rolls 16, 16 bearing against the opposite vertical sides 18
of the carriage guide-rail 4, and the rolls 17, 17 bearing against the opposite
inclined sides 19 of said' rail.
The rolls 16, 16 are mounted to turn on vertical pivots 20, and the faces of said
rolls, as well as their pivots 20, are arranged parallel-with the faces 18 of the
guide-rail, against which said rolls work. The rolls 17, 17 are mounted upon
obliquely arranged pivots 21, and the faces of the rolls 17, 17, and the planes of
their pivots are all parallel with the inclined sides 19 of the guide-rail, with which
said rolls co-operate.
The weight of the carriage at its front side wedges or forces the guide-
rolls 17, 17 down the inclined sides of the guide-rail, and these rolls moving
down said inclined sides operate to force or draw the vertical rolls 16, 16 firmly
against the vertical sides of the track, thus preventing any undue vibration
or skewing action of the carriage, which, as is well-known, seriously affects
the alignment of printing in type writing machines, especially when operated
at high speed.
By having the guide-rolls 16, 16 bear against tlie vertical sides of the guide-rail
a greater resistance to the side motion of the carriage is obtained than would be
if the rolls were set to bear against the inclined sides, as in the latter arrange-
ment the carriage could rise slightly every time a letter space is made ou
account of the inclined sides offering little or no resistance to the upward
movement of the rolls under the skewing action of the carriage. In the
construction shown the vertical sides of the track and' the vertical faces of the
horizontally-arranged rolls 16 effectually prevent any lifting action or skewing of
the carriage.
As wear on the rolls, bearings, pivots and track takes place, the horizontal
rolls are automatically drawn firmly against the track by the oblique rolls working
on the inclined sides of the track, the oblique rolls as wear occurs bearing further
down on the inclined sides, the carriage front portion descending accordingly.
It will thus be seen that by this arrangement of the carriage guide rolls the
firm holding and accurate guiding of the carriage is not dependent on the exact
fitting of the guide-rolls and their bearings, and hence wear of the guide-rolls
and their bearings will not affect the guiding of the carriage. While it is
preferred to arrange one of the rolls 16 and one of the rolls 17 directly opposite
each other on opposite sides of the track and near each end of the carriage,
because a better bearing or support and guide for the carriage is thus obtained,
13
:

page_text: this arrangement is not, however, essential; nor is it absolutely necessary to employ
four rolls, as three may be used, two vertical faced rolls 16 on one side, of the .
guide-rail, and one obliquely-arranged roll on the opposite side of the guide-rail, set
about intermediately of the other two rolls, the two rolls. 16, 16 working against the
vertical side of the track, and the one oblique roll 17 working against the inclined
side of the track.
The rear side of the carriage 2 is hinged upon the hinge-and-guide-rod 3 and
may be provided with an anti-friction roller 22 to run on top of said rod. The
carriage hinge joint is sufficiently loose to permit the front rolls to adjust themselves
to the guide-rail 4.
The back roll merely supports the carriage, while the front rolls serve to steady
and guide the same.
I-
The auxiliary carriage or platen carrier 5 is mounted upon the main carrier 2 in
about the usual way, for the purpose of obtaining the necessary back-and-forth
movement of the platen, the type-bars.having two types.
Near each end of the front and rear bars of the main carriage 2, are placed two
adjustable screw-stops 23, 23 and 24, 24. The platen carrier in its norinal forward
position is held against the stops 23, and in its shifted backward position against
the stops 24. The platen carrier is shifted back and forth transversely of the main
carriage by the usual shift rod 15, which as heretofore, is mounted upon rocker-
arms attached to a rock-shaft 25 connected with a finger-key-lever at the key-
board (not shown). The said shift-rod, as usual, is actuated in one direction
(rearwardly) by a depression of its key-lever, and is returned by a spring (not
shown).
For the purpose of shifting and firmly holding the platen-carrier in either.
position the following means are provided:―
On the front rail of the platen-carrier 5 is pivoted a latch 26 having four
arms 27, 28, 29 and 30, the arms 27 and 28 being alternately acted upon by the
shift-rod 15, whereby the latch is actuated.
Upon the carriage 2 is fastened adjustable stops 31 and 32, the former having an
inclined ledge 33, and the latter an oppositely-inclined ledge 34, against which
ledges the locking arms 29 and 30 of the latch work in the operation of shifting the
auxiliary carriage, the locking arm 30 bearing against the ledge 34, during the
shifting of the platen carrier rearwardly, and the locking arm 29 bearing against
the ledge 33 during the return or forward shift of the platen-carrier. The stop
member 31 is preferably formed with a base-plate 35 arranged to project in a
direction opposite to that of the inclined ledge 33, and is secured to the front,
central portion of the main carriage by two screws 36 passing upwardly from the
underside of the carriage. The stop member 32 is also preferably provided with a
base-plate 37 which projects in a direction opposite to that of the ledge 34 and is
secured to the main carriage by screws 36, in the manner of the plate 35. The
front bar of the platen carrier 5 is slotted or cut away at 39 for the passage thore-
through of the latch 26 and on either side of said latch is formed with a projection.
or boss 40 to receive the pivot 41 of said latch..
Normally, or during the operation of the lower case types the platen_carrier is
held against the stop screws 23, 23 by reason of the engagement of the free end of
the arms 29 with the inner edge of the ledge 33.
When the shift-rod is moved rearwardly against the arm 27 the locking arm 29
will be swung upwardly, thus releasing the platen-carrier, and the locking arm 30
downwardly against the ledge 34, whereby the swinging movement of the latch is
arrested, thus causing the arm 30 to slide on the ledge 34 until the end of the
arm 30 has passed the inner end of the ledge 34, when the swinging movement of
the latch will be resumed and the end of the locking arm 30 will be swung in front
of and against the inner end of the ledge.34, thus firmly holding the plateu carrier
against the stop screws 24, 24.
Upon releasing the shift-key or causing the shift-rod to be moved forwardly, the
arm 28 is contacted with by said rod and the latch vibrated so that the arm 30 is

page_text: raised from engagement with the edge of the ledge 34; and the arm 29 lowered to
ride upon the ledge 33 and to finally drop in front of the inner edge thereof atı
about 'the end of the forward movement of the latch 26 in the slot 39,-in-which
position the said arm 29, will operate to firmly bold or lock the platen-carrier/
against any accidental rearward movement:
At Figure 12 the platen carrier is shown as locked in its forward normal
position, and at Figure 11 as locked in its rearward; shifted position: The ends
of the locking arms 29 and 30 are slightly cam-shaped for the purpose of wedging.
and more firmly holding the platen carrier in either position.
In order to avoid any friction or resistance to the movements of the main
carriage, during the writing, by the latch upon the shift-rod, a spring 42 is provided
to break the contact of the latch with the shift-rod after the movement of the
shift-rod is completed. The spring 42 is attached to the front rail of the main
carriage by a screw 43 and is bent so that its free end may be rested upon either
of the arms 29 or 30 of the latch, according to the position of said. latch or the
shift-rod:
At Figure 12 is shown the free end of the spring as pressing against the locking
arm 29, and by the action of said spring on said arm, the arm 28 of the latch is
thrown slightly away from the surface of the shift-rod immediately. after the latter
has returned to its normal position, or come to rest.
At Figure 11 it will be seen that after the shift-rod has ceased its rearward
movement the spring has operated upon the arm 30 of the latch to slightly rock
the same and cause the arm 27 of: the latch to move away from the surface of the
shift-rod. Thus, the platen carrier shifting devices are prevented from offering any
resistance to the movement of the main carriage, since the fork of the latch at no
time touches the shift-rail when the carringe is feeding.
44. designates a ribbon shaft, which is hung in suitable benrings 45 at the rear of
the machine, and which is revolved always in one direction by means of the
carriage spring driving drum 11. On the shaft 44 is. fastened bevel gears 46, 47,
and 48 and a worm gear 49 50 and 51 designate ribbon spool shafts, to which are
secured, respectively, hevel gears 52 and 53: The spring driving drum 11 in
preferably mounted in the usual way and axially of the shalt 50, and the gear:52
thereupon engages constantly with the: gear 46 of the shaft 44.. The gear. 53. is.
alternately, engaged by the gears 47 and 48, whereby the shaft 51 is first revolved
in one direction and then in the other. To the shafts 50 and 51 are loosely fitted:
the ribbon spools 54 and 55, respectively: Each of said ribbon spool shafts is.
formed with a depression 56,. in which is seated. a curved bar-spring. 57 which
presses against the bore of the spool and causes the spool to revolve with the shaft.
The spring 57 in the shaft 50 has only sufficient strength or power to carry its.
spool 54,, which merely winds up the slack ribbon caused by the unwinding of the
ribbon by and from the opposite, controlling spool 55. The spring in the shaft 51
has strength enough to overcome the spring in the shaft 50.and wind the ribbon
from the spool 54 on to the spool 55. The shaft: 50 is caused to revolve enough
faster than the shaft 51 to enable the spool.54; when empty, to wind up the slack
ribbon as fast as it is unwound by and from the spool 55, when it is full. The
purpose of this arrangement of the spools is to ensure a predetermined' length of
ribbon being carried from one spool to another: by a predetermined number of
revolutious by the ribbon spool shaft: 51, thus making the spool 55 the controlling
spool. It will be seen thatithe tight or loose winding of the ribbon on the spool 54
does not affect the amount of ribbon that will be wound upon it, as the amount of
ribbon wound upon the spool 54 will depend on the amount let off by the spool 55,
which latter will take on and let off, the same amount of ribbon by the same number
of revolutions of the spool in opposite directions.. It will be understood that the
carrying of the spool 55: with the shaft.51, by means of the friction spring is not
essential to the proper performance of the functions described, as the parts would
operate just as well if the spool. 55 were secured to the shaft: 51 or otherwise
permanently secured thereto. The main purpose of having the spool: 55 revolve

page_text: with the shaft by means of the friction spring is, that the spool may be revolved
by hand without revolving its shaft; thereby facilitating the end wise adjustment. of
the ribbon, as when several colors of ribbon are fastened together, to bring either
of them into use.
It is preferred to make both ribbon spools of the same diameter to ensure the
slack ribbon being taken up by the spool 54, and to provide for revolving it.
faster than the spool 55, though this is not essentials to the proper working of the
plau, inasmuch as the spool 54 may be made enough larger in diameter than the
spool 55 to produce the same effect:
For the purpose of instantly reversings the movement of the ribbon 58, it is
provided for alternately engaging the bevel gears 47, 48, with the bevel gear 53 on
the spool shaft 51, by a longitudinal movementiof the shaft 44, which is connected.
to a lever 59 that is actuated alternately. in opposite directions by springs 60 and 61
at each half revolution of a worm wheel. 62, at which time the ribbon will have
been transferred from one spool on to the other. The worm wheel:62 is engaged.
by the worm 49, which is cut on a sleeve 63, whose bore is slotted to receive a
feather 64 arranged longitudinally of the shaft 44, whereby the worin. wheel is
caused to turn always with said shaft, and whereby said shaft may be slid
longitudinally independently of the worm. The worm wheel is provided on one
side with a cam 65 and with a concentric ledge 66, and is pivoted at 67 in an arm
or bracket 68 fastened to the framework of the machine. The lever 59 is pivoted
at 69 to said arm or bracket and is pivotally.connected at its upper end to a yoke 70,
which engages an annular groove 71 in the shaft 44, thus connecting the lever 59
to the shaft 44 in such a manner that the vibrations of said lever will effect
longitudinal movements of said shaft. At the lower end of the lover.59 is fitted a
pin 72 which projects on both sides of said lever, the inward projection serving to
cugage the concentric ledge 66 and arrest the lever 59, and also hold the spring 61
under strain. The outward projection of the pin 72 serves to connect the coiled
spring 60 with the lever 59, and the bent bar-spring 61 fastened at one end at 73 to
the lever 59, is so arranged that its other, free end is held by its own elasticity
against the pin 72 and with sufficient force to overcome the power of the spring 60,
and in such a manner that when the active end 74 of the spring is forced outwardly
towards the right by the cam 65, said spring 61 will carry with it,the lever 59,
after the ledge 66 has passed by the pin 72. The spring 60 is a pulling spring, and
has one end fastened to the pin 72, and its other end fastened to the pivot 67, thus
constantly pulling on the lever 59 and holding the end 74 of the spring 61 against
the cam 65.
The spring 61 being held against the pin 72 of the lever 59 by its own force,
which is greater than the force of the coiled spring 60, the effect of the spring 60
pulling on the lever 59 is merely to hold the end 74 of the spring 61 against the
cam 65 until the junctions of the high and low portions of the cam pass the end 74
of the spring when the lever 59, with the spring 61, will be swung toward the
center of the cam by the coiled spring 60 until arrested by the end 74 of the
spring 61 being brought against the low point of the cam 65. During this
vibration of the lever the shaft 44 is moved longitudinally towards the right
(considered from the back of the machine) the gear 47 thrown out of mesh, and
the gear 48 into mesh with the gear 53, thus automatically shifting the devices to
effect a reversal of the longitudinal movement of the ribbon.
As the worm wheel 62 revolves, the inward projecting portion of the pin 72 will
now lie between the cam and the concentric ledge and will bear against the: lattor,
thus holding the lever 59 while the cam is gradually forcing the spring 61 away
from the pin 72. When the cam has completed a half revolution the rear end of
the concentric ledge, will have passed the pin 72, and thus release the lever, which
will then be swung outward by the spring 61 until arrested by the pin 72 coming
against the spring 61. During this movement of the lever 59 the shaft 44 is
moved towards the left and the devices are again shifted for effecting a movement
of the ribbon in the opposite direction. Thus, the ribbon is automatically, reversed

page_text: longitudinally at each half revolution of the worm wheel, which as will be seen, 13
geared to revolve slowly and preferably so that the reversal will take place at
about the time either spool is full.
For the purpose of effecting a lateral transverse movement of the ribbon the top
plate is provided with suitable upward and downward projections to serve as
bearings for a vertical shaft 75, the lower end of which is provided with a
horizontally-arranged arm 76, and to the upper end of which is securely fastened
a horizontally arranged ribbon carrier 77. Under the said carrier and surrounding
the upper projection of the top-plate is secured a coiled spring 78, one end of
which is connected to the top-plate and the other end of which is connected to the
carrier 77, whereby the arm 76 is constantly held against a cam 79, which is
fastened to and revolves with the ribbon spool shaft 51. Thus, the rotations of
said shaft will effect oscillations of the carrier 77. A second ribbon carrier 80 is
pivoted upon a stud 81 on the top-plate and has a gear-tooth connection with the
carrier 77, about centrally of the machine. To said carriers 77 and 80 are fastened
loops or ribbon guides 82. Thus, it will be seen that the revolutions of the shaft 51
in either direction will offect back-and-forth lateral movements of the ribbon,
whereby its entire surface widthwise may be utilized.
For the purpose of disengaging the letter space dogs and effecting a line space
simultaneously aud at the same time returning the carriage for the beginning of a
new line and re-engaging the letter spacing dogs, there is provided a lever 83
having an oblong hole 84, through which a screw or pivot pin 85 is passed to
movably secure the lever to the carriage 2, the lever having both a rocking move-
ment and a movement in the direction of its length. To said lever is fastened one
end of a spring 86, the other end of which is fastened' to the screw or pivot 85 in
the carriage 2, the tension of the spring operating normally to hold the left hand
end of the slot or oblong hole 84 of the lever against the screw 85.
The dog frame or holder 8 is pivoted to the carriage 2 at points through which
the hinged rod 3 passes and is connected to the line space lever 14 by the lever 83
and an intermediate lever 87 arranged at right angles thereto, one end of the
lever 83 bearing on the forward extension or lip 88 of the dog frame, and the other
end bearing on the end 89 of the lever 87, which is pivoted to the platen-carrier
by a screw 90, and has its forward end 91 arranged in the path of an arm 92 of the
line space lever, which is provided with a driving pawl 93 to engage a ratchet
wheel 94 connected to the platen, and which is also provided with an arm 95 to
prevent any overthrow of the platen. 96 is a spring detent or hold-fast dog for
the platen ratchet-wheel.
By an outward pull on the depending end of the line space lever, whereby the
platen is partially rotated, the arm 92 will be swung downward against the end 91
of the lever 87, vibrate said lever and through the vibration of the lever 83, to
which it is connected, cause the inner forward end of the dog frame to be depressed
and its opposite end carrying the dogs to be raised, so as to free the dogs from
engagement with the feed-rack, which as heretofore, is mounted upon a vibratory
frame 97 pivoted at 98 and connected, as usual, below the key levers with the
universal-bar (not shown). If at the time the line space lever is pulled outwardly
it is pushed or pulled laterally towards the right, the carriage may be returned to
the starting point of a new liue. During the return of the carriage and imme-
diately before it is arrested by its marginal stop 99, the dog frame is released to
enable the dogs to re-engage the feed-rack. This is effected in the following
manner-
Upon the hinge rod 3 is arranged the marginal stop 99, which is in the form of a
collar, and which may be adjusted upon said rod to various points and secured by a
screw or spring-bolt 100, whose point may take into any of a series of notches or
depressious 101 in said rod 3. The said collar 99 is provided with a forwardly-
projecting pin 102 which extends in the path of a lug 13 on the lever 83 and
serves to arrest said lever before the projection 104 on the carriage strikes.against
said collar and hence before the return movement of the carriage is completed.

page_text: When said lug 103 strikes said pin 102 and arrests said levor, the continued move-
meut of the carriage causes the screw 85 to move through the slot 84, and compress
the spring 86, until the projection 104 strikes the collar 99, at which time the
end 89 of the lever 87 is carried past its bearing 105 on the lever 83, and brought.
under the elevated lip 106 at the extreme right of said lever.
When this occurs,
the resistance offered to the weighted or heavier end of the dog frame being
removed, said frame at its rear end will move downwardly to re-engage the dogs.
and simultaneously vibrate the lever 83 from the position shown at Figure 13 to
that shown at Figure 14. When the writing is resumed the carriage moves.
towards the left, but the lever 83 does not partake of the motion until the screw 85.
has travelled to the left hand end of the slot in the lever.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the re-engagement of the letter
spacing dogs with the rack is effected by and simultaneously with the carriage
return movement and before the pull on the line space lever has been discontinued.
A type bar pivoted at right angles to the path of travel or longitudinal axis of
the platen affects the alignment most when a number of sheets are placed upon the
platen, as in manifolding, the greater the number of sheets the farther away from
the axial line of the platen is the impression produced. Hence, the extreme front
and the extreme rear type bars in manifolding print one below and the other
above the true line of impression, and this departure from true alignment decreases
from said type-bars, on either side, gradually until the type bars whose pivots are
arranged in line or substantially in line with the axis of the platen at the right
and left hand side of the machine are reached.
5.
A type bar pivoted to vibrate in the plane of the longitudinal axis of the platen,.
or line of impression cannot print out of alignment, no matter how many sheets of
paper may be added to the platen, the only effect upon such type bar being in-
respect to its spacing. Hence, the distance which the pivot of said type bar is
arranged below the lower side of the platen is inmaterial so long as the type is.
capable of striking at the center of the system of type-bars. From the above it
will be seen that the several (usually four) typo bars on the right and left hand
sides of the circle, over which the platen must travel, are the ones which affect the
alignment least, while from these bars on either side to the front and rear of the
circle the alignment is more and more affected until the points mentioned aro
reached.
2
Heretofore it has been customary to arrango all of the pivots of the type bars
about an inch or so below the plane of the underside of the platen, and generally
all said pivots have been arranged in the same horizontal plane. When the pivots
are thus arranged below the underside of the platen the paths of the diametrically-.
opposite type bars intersect each other some distance below the plateo, and after
diverging finally meet again at the printing point or at the surface of the platen..
The arcs of vibration or paths of the type diverge in proportion to the distance
which their pivots are arranged below the plane of the underside of the platen..
Therefore, with such a construction or arrangement, the greater the amount of
paper placed upon the platen the worse the alignment of the printing.
As it is impossible to secure absolute alignment in this class of machines, in.
manifolding, we have discovered that vastly better results may be obtained than
heretofore by pivoting the type bars which by their divergence affect the
aligument most in a plane where they will diverge the least; viz., in the plane of
the underside of the platen, and by lowering the pivots of those type bars which
would come within the path of travel of the platen or the paper thereon. In other
words, we depress or lower the plane of the pivots of several of the type bars at
each side of the machine over which the platen travels, and lower the plane of
the underside of the platen to the horizontal plane of the remaining type bar
pivots. By this construction and arrangement it.will be observed that each of
two oppositely-arranged type bars of the raised series work in arcs of circles
tangential to each other and to the vertical axis of the platen and do not cross-
each other at any point but meet at the platen.
!

page_text: The types of type bars so pivoted or arranged work in paths, in the vicinity of
the platen, which diverge considerably less than types which work in paths that
cross each other and then meet, as heretofore, and for this reason the enlargement
of the platen by the addition of sheets for manifolding, thus lowering the printing
point, does not affect the alignment. in the same proportion or to the same extent
as under the former construction, and by the means described 'the divergence of
the types and the departure from true,alignment is reduced to the minimum.
By referring to Figures 1 and 2, it will be observed that the type bar disc 7 is.
sunken or depressed, as at 107, on the right and left hand sides in line with the
path of travel of the platen, and at such points we preferably arrange four of the
hangers 108 of the type bars 109. From said portions 107 the remainder of
the type disc is raised, and the remaining type bar hangers 108 secured thereon
are arranged so that the pivots: 110 of the type bars lie in the same or substantially
the same horizontal plane as the underside of the platen. The type 111 bear an
upper and lower case letter or two characters as usual in this description of
machines; but in a non-shifting platen machine of course only one type on a bar
would be used. In lieu of raising the type bar dise on either side of the portions 107
the same effect inay be obtained by employing hangers of greater height.
We will now describe the devices employed for feeding and guiding the
paper :-
112 is a shaft supported in bearings in the platen-carrier 5. At or near each
end of said shaft is pivoted an arm 113 which extends forwardly and receives one
end of a parallel shaft 114. To the shafts 112 and 114 are movably affixed the
paper-gnide roll supports 115, and to the platen carrier are fastened springs' 116,
the free ends of which press against the arms 113 at their rear ends and force the
shaft 114 and the paper-guide supports 115 upwardly, and the paper-guide
rolls 117, mounted therein, firmly against the platen cylinder or the paper thereon.
By pressing down on the shuft 114 the paper guide rolls will be moved away from
the platen, and their supports 115 may be moved along on the shafts 112 and 114
or adjusted, and thus various widths of paper may be held and guided near their
edges. Each support 115 preferably carries two guide rolls 117, one on each side
of the vertical central line of the platen, and each support 115 is composed of a
band 118, which is formed with a hook at each end, to surround the shafts 112
and 114, and is bent downwardly to extend under the platen, at which locality. it is
curved; a journal box or fraine 119, and a journal cap or cover 120.
The band 118 is made of thin metal so that the paper guide rolls may adjust
themselves to the platen. The journal box or frame 119 is made of sheet metal
the thickness of the diameter of the paper-guide roll journals, and has notches of a
size to accommodate the journals in a manner such that each of the notches forms
one end and two sides of a journal box, the third side being formed by folding the
ends of the metal underneath, as shown at 121. The journal-cap or cover 120 is
made of thin and elastic metal so that it can be easily sprung to allow the paper-
guide roll journals to be passed into or removed from their sockets. The three
portions of the support are all formed with coinciding holes, through which
rivets 122 are passed to secure said parts firmly together, and all of said parts are
of course formed or provided with cut-aways or openings for the projection
therethrough of the guide-rolls. The guide-rolls may be provided with a rubber
sheath or covering, as indicated.
To prevent sagging at the middle of wide paper and to more perfectly feed and
guide the paper, we provide guides 123 and 124, about centrally of the platen
carrier, the former being arranged at the rear side of the platen, and the latter at
the front side thereof. The guide 123 is made of two pieces of sheet metal
fastened together, one piece 125 of which is thick enough to serve for the paper
shelf or table and is bent to fit the shaft 112 on which it is pivoted. The other
piece 126 extends down and under the platen in proximity to the impression point,
and then is turned downward against a scale-bar 127, by which it is held against
the platen.

page_text: The guide 124 is bent to fit the shaft 114, on which it is pivoted; the portion
extending upward from its shaft serves for its manipulation, which is by pressing it
toward the platen. The portion extending downward is bent under the platen in
proximity to the impression point, and is then doubled and formed to embrace
enough of the platen cylinder to hold itself in position thereon. It will be seen
that by pressing the upper portion towards the platen the lower portion will swing
outwardly and allow the edge of the paper to pass between it and the platen, and
that by then releasing the upper end of the guide, the lower portion will spring
inward and hold the paper against the platen.
. The scale bar 127 is hinged to the main carriage 2 at 128 and is held against the
paper guide roll supports 115 by a spring 129, with its graduated edge close to the
path of the type, whereby the line of print will be in line with the edge of
the scale. The usual scale differs from this in that it is fastened to and shifted
with the platen-carrier, which makes it necessary to locate the edge of the scale
away from the line of print a distance equal to the lateral movement of the platen-
carrier. The purpose of hinging the scale as shown is to allow it to be swung
away from the platen with the lower portion of the guide 123, whereby the end
of the paper after having passed from between the platen and the guide may be
returned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a type writing machine, the combination with a guide-rail, of a paper-
carriage frame having a series of guide-rolls arranged to bear on the opposite
sides of said rail, the said series of guide rolls comprising obliquely-arranged
guide-rolls operating to draw or force the guide-rolls on the opposite side of the
said rail against the said rail as wear takes place; the axes of all of said rolls
being parallel to their faces, and the said obliquely-arranged rolls being forced
against the guide-rail and their pivote by the weight of the paper-carriage.frame
independently of the position of the platen, whereby the paper-carriage is firmly
guided and the wear of the bearings automatically compensated for.
2. In a type writing machine, the combination with a guide-rail, of a carriage
frame having both horizontally and obliquely arranged guide-rolls, the axes of all
of which are parallel with their faces.
3. In a type writing machine, the combination with a vertically arranged guide-
rail having inclined sides at its top, of a paper-carriage frame having a series of
guiding rolls arranged to bear on opposite sides of said guiding rail, the faces of
said guiding rolls being all parallel to their axes and so mounted or arranged as
that the weight of the carriage frame will cause the rolls to bear against the
inclined sides of the guide-rail and against their pivots independently of the position
of the platen and cause the series of rolls to clasp or hug the guide-rail on its
opposite sides.
4. In a type writing machine, the combination with a guide-rail, of a paper-
carriage frame having an obliquely-arranged guiding roll to bear on one side of
said rail and an associated guiding roll arranged to bear on the opposite side of said
rail, the construction and arrangement being such that the obliquely-arranged
guiding roll is caused to constantly press against its side of the rail by the weight
of the carriage, and the associated guiding roll to constantly press against its side
of said rail by the drawing or wedging action of the obliquely-arranged guiding-
roll.
5. In a type writing machine, the combination of a guide-rail having plane
sides, one of which is inclined, and a hinged paper-carriage provided with guide-
rolls to bear upon said inclined side of the rail and also on the opposite side of the
rail, the rolls on the inclined side of the rail operating under the weight of the
carriage to draw or force the roll or rolls on the opposite side of the rail against
B

page_text: the surface, thereof, and the faces of all of the guide-rolls being parallel to their
axes and to the sides of the rail against which they bear.
6." In a type writing machine, 'the combination of a guide-rail having vertical
and inclined sides, and a hinged paper-carriage having horizontally and obliquely
arranged guide-rolls.
7. In a type writing machine, the combination of a guide-rail having a plane
vertical side and a plane inclined side, and a paper-carriage having a pair of guide-
rolls whose faces and axes are both parallel with the vertical side of the guide-rail,
and an oppositely-arranged obliquely-disposed guide-roll whose face and axis are
arranged parallel with the inclined side of the guide-rail.
8. In a type writing machine, the combination of a guide-rail inclined on
opposite sides at its upper portion and formed with straight and parallel sides
below said inclined sides, and a paper-carriage provided with two pairs of guide-
rolls, one pair having vertical axes and faces to work in conjunction with the
vertical parallel sides, and the other pair having oblique axes and faces to work in
conjunction with the said inclined sides.
9. In a type writing machine, the combination of a guide-rail having both
inclined sides and vertical' parallel sides, and a paper-carriage having two pairs of
guide-rolls, "one pair having vertical axes and faces, and the other oblique axes
and faces, and the rolls of each pair being arranged on opposite sides of the
guide-rail.
10. In a type writing machine, the combination of a binge-rod, a paper-carriage
hinged upon said rod at its rear side and provided with a supporting roller, a set of
horizontally and obliquely-arranged guide-rolls mounted at the front side of said
paper-carriage, and a guide-rail having inclined and vertical faces for said guide-
rail to bear upon.
11. In a-type writing machine, the combination of a shifting platen-carrier having
a limited back and forth movement, a shift-rod, and a pivoted latch device, having
on one side of its pivot a fork or yoke to embrace said shift-rod and' on the opposite
side of its pivot means for locking or holding the platen-carrier firmly in its normal
and in its shifted position.
12. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having
a pair of stops, a shift-rod, and a shifting platen carrier having a pivoted latch
comprising a pair of arms to engage said stops, and a pair of arms to embrace
said rod.
13. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
pair of stop-members provided each with an inclined ledge, a shift-rod, a shifting
platen-carrier provided with a pivoted latch to reciprocate between said, ledges and
also to vibrate about its horizontal pivot, and composed essentially of a pair of
aims to engage said 'ledges, and a fork to engage said shift-rod.
14. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having
stops, a shift-rod, a shifting platen-carrier, a latch to lock said platen-carrier in
either of its two positions and to be 'engaged' by said shift-rod, and a spring adapted
to break contact between the latch and the shift-rod at the end of the stroke of the
shift rod in either direction.
15. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
pair of stop-members provided cach with an inclined ledge, a shift-rod, a shifting
platen-carrier provided with a pivoted latch having a pair of arms, to engage said
ledges, and a pair of arms or a fork to engage said shift-rod, and a spring for
breaking the contact of said latch with said shift-rod at the end of the stroke of
the latter in either direction.
16. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
lateral shifting platen, two sets of stop-screws, the adjustable stop-members, the
latch, the spring, and the shitt-rod,
17. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage, a shift-rod,
a shifting platen-carrier provided with a fork or yoke to be engaged by said rod,

page_text: and means for breaking said engagement at the end of the throw of the suit-rou
in either direction.
18. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage, a shift-rod,
a shifting platen-carrier provided with a pivoted fork or yoke to be engaged by
Baid shift-rod, and a spring for moving said fork or yoke independently, and
breaking the engagement between it and the shift-rod at the end of the throw of
the latter in either direction.
19. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a ribbon-
spool shaft arranged to revolve always in one direction, a ribbon spool mounted on
said shaft to revolve either in the direction of rotation of said shaft or in the
reverse direction, another ribbon spool shaft arranged to revolve alternately in
opposite directions, a ribbon spool mounted thereon to turn with said shaft in
whichever direction the same may be rotated, a connecting shaft arranged at right
angles to said spool-shafts and provided at one end with a gear which meshes with
a gear on the first mentioned shaft, in order that the connecting shaft may be
rotated always in one direction, and provided at its opposite end with bevel gears
adapted to be engaged alternately with a gear on the second mentioned spool-shaft,
by endwise movements of the connecting-shaft, so as to turn the second mentioned
spool-shaft and its spool alternately in opposite directions..
20. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a ribbon-
spool shaft 50 arranged to be turned always in one direction by the carriage
driving drum, a ribbon spool shaft 54,mounted on said shaft to turn either with
said shaft or in a direction opposite to that of said shaft, a bevel gear 52 on said
shaft, a spool shaft 51, a spool 55 on said shaft mounted to turn always in the
direction of rotation of its shaft, a bevel gear 53 on said shaft, a connecting
shaft 44 adapted to slide longitudinally and provided at one end with a bevel
gear 46, which is always in engagement with the gear 52, whereby said shaft 44
is rotated always in the same direction, and provided at its opposite end with two
bevel gears 47 and 48 adapted to be alternately engaged with the gear 53, and
thereby rotate the shaft 51 and its spool alteruately in opposite directions.
21. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spool shafts, a pair of ribbon spools, a connecting shaft geared permanently
to and driven by one of said shafts to revolve always in the same direction and
adapted to actuate the other of said shafts alternately in opposite directions, and
means, substantially as described, for automatically moving said connecting shaft
end wise to reverse the direction of movement of the ribbon.
22. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon-spool shafts, a pair of ribbon-spools, a connecting shaft arranged to revolve
always in one direction and to move longitudinally to reverse the direction of
rotation of one of said spool shafts, a bevel gear on each of said spool shafts, a
bovel gear at one end of said connecting shaft, two bevel gears at the opposite
end of said connecting shaft, a worm on the latter, a worm wheel having a cam
and a concentric ledge, a lever connected to said connecting shaft, a spring for
vibrating said lever in one direction, and a stronger spring for vibrating the lever
in the opposite direction.
23. In a type writing machine, having an inking ribbon and ribbon spools and a
shaft as 44 for actuating said spools, the combination of a worm, a worm-wheel
provided with a cam and a concentric ledge, a spring 60, a lever 59 connected to
said shaft, and having a pin 72, and a spring 61.
24. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a ribbon-
spool shaft 50, arranged to turn always in one direction, a ribbon-spool 54 thereon
arranged to turn in either direction, a bevel gear 62. on said shaft, a shaft 44, a
bevel gear 46 thereon to engage with the gear 52 to turn the shaft 44 always in
one direction, bevel gears 47.and 48 at the opposite end of said shalt 44 engaging
alternately with a gear 53 on a ribbon spool-shaft 51 having a ribbon-spool 55
mounted to turn always in the direction of rotation of its shaft, whereby the
longitudinal movements of the ribbon are effected, a cam on the shaft 61, a

page_text: vibratory spring-actuated ribbon-carrier having a ribbon-guide adapted to be
actuated by said cam, whereby the ribbon is moved step-by-step laterally during
its longitudinal movement, a worm 49 on the shaft 44, a worm wheel having a cam
and a concentrio ledge, a lever 59 connected to said shaft, and springs 60 and 61
whereby the directions of movement of the ribbon are reversed.
25. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a circular series of type-bars having the general' plane of their pivots
arranged substantially coincident with the plane of the underside of the platen
and having the pivots of those type bars at each side over which the platen travels,
depressed or sunken below the general plane of the pivots and the underside of the
platen.
26. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a type-bar disc having a sunken or depressed portion at each side in line
with the path of travel of the platen, a circular series of type bars mounted' upon
said disc, the pivots of the type bars over which the platen travels being mounted
on said depressed or sunken portions, and the pivots of the remaining type bare
being mounted upon the raised portions of the disc and substantially coincident
with the plane of the underside of the platen.
27. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a type-bar disc having a depressed or sunken portion at oach side in line.
with the path of travel of the platen, a circular series of type-bar haugers
mounted upon the depressed or sunken portions and upon the raised portions of
the disc, and a series of type-bars having the pivots of those bars whose hangers
aro mounted upon the raised portions of the disc arranged substantially coincident
with the plane of the underside of the platen.
28. In a type writing machine, having a paper-carriage, the platen cylinder of
,which is moved over some of the type bar pivots, the arrangement of these pivots
in a plane far enough below the general plane of the type bar pivots, whereby
the upper pivots and the bottom of the platen cylinder may be placed in the same
plane.
29. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a binged frame, and a pair of independent paper-guide roll supports mounted
thereon and provided each with paper-guiding and feeding rolls.
30. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a hinged-frame, and a pair of guide-roll supports adjustable longitudinally
of said frame for different widths of paper and provided with paper guiding and
feeding rolls..
31. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
cylindrical platen, a spring-actuated hinged frame, and a pair of curved paper-
guide roll supports mounted on said frame and provided each with a pair of guiding
and feeding rolls.
32. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
cylindrical platen, a hinged spring-actuated frame arranged on the underside
thereof, and a pair of curved paper-guide roll-supports adjustable longitudinally of
said frame and provided each with a pair of guiding and feeding rolls, one roll of
each pair being arranged on one side of the vertical axis of the platen, and one
roll on the other side of said axis.
33. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, the arms 113, the shafts 112 and 114, the paper-guide roll supports 115, the
guide-rolls, and the springs 116.
34. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a guide-roll having journals, and a guide-roll support consisting of the
flexible baud 118, the journal box 119, and the spring cap 120.
35. 'lu a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a guide-roll baving journals, and a guide-roll support having a journal-box
made of a single piece of sheet metal provided with notches and' folded ends,.
whereby end and side.bearings are formed for the roll journals.

page_text: 36. In a type writing machine, the combination of a main carriage having a.
platen-carrier adapted to be shifted transversely thereon, and a spring-pressed scale
hinged to the main. carriage.
37. In a type writing machine, the combination of a main carriage, a shifting
platen-carrier, a paper-guide and table 123, hinged upon a rod 112, and a spring-
pressed scale bar hinged to the main carriage.
38. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a.
platen, a letter-spacing mechanism, one part of which is carried by a vibratory
frame, a line spacing mechanism, a relatively fixed carriage stop, and a spring-
actuated lever, to act on said vibratory frame, having both a rocking and a
rectilinear movement, and connected to said line-spacing mechanism.
39. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a
platen, a letter spacing mechanism, one part of which is carried by a vibratory
frame, a liue spacing mechanism, a relatively fixed carriage-stop, a lever as 87, and
a lever as 83 mounted on the paper-carriage.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1894.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.