Improvements in or connected with Incandescent Electric Lamps.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10:h Oct., 1891-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Incandescent Electric Lamps.
I, FREDERIC HARMAN PETER BERLYN, of Elm House, 196 Brixton Road,
in the County of Surrey, General Manager to a firm of Electrical Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The bulbs of incandescent electric lamps are generally made either entirely or
partially of clear glass blown approximately to the shape of an egg and the
filament therein being exposed to the eye is very dazzling. According to my
invention I apply to such bulbs a case or cover which while sufficiently transparent
to permit the required amount of light to pass through, is also of such color,
material and configuration as to prevent the dazzling effect above referred to and
by conforming as closely as possible to the form of the egg shaped bulb I provide
a covering of a more artistic nature than has hitherto been put on the market.
The extremities of the said incandescent lamps being smaller than the centre it
has hitherto been an impossibility to cover up the lamp without entirely altering
the pretty and artistic appearance of same except by an arrangement, network or
cage of glass or other beads which causes a quantity of dust to accumulate, is
fragile and difficult to clean.
By my invention I am enabled to overcome this difficulty and to cover the egg
shaped incandescent lamp with glass or opal or other translucent material without
altering the general shape thereof.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct the said case or cover approxi-
mately to the shape or configuration of the lamp bulb and in two parts whereby
the same can be made to fit somewhat closely to the exterior of the bulb and can
be readily applied thereto and removed therefrom.
The said case or cover can be divided longitudinally or transversely thereof and
the parts thereof can be moulded or blown in glass of any desired color or com-
binations of colours or it can be made of other suitable translucent material and
may have any desired ornamental configuration or appearance. I also connect them
to the lamp by means of a ring socket connected to the screw fitting which receives
the screw on the glass bulb, one or more set screws being employed to retain the
case or cover in position therein but other suitable means may be employed for
this purpose.
When the case or cover is divided longitudinally the two parts of the neck are
received and held within the ring socket before mentioned thereby holding the
two parts of the case or cover in close juxtaposition but when the case or cover is
divided transversely the upper half will be provided with a neck to fit the before
mentioned ring socket and the meeting edges of the two parts will be provided with
hooks or other fittings whereby the lower part can be attached to or suspended
from the upper part.
Dated January 12th 1891
F. H. P. BERLYN.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.

page_text: I, FREDERIC HARMAN PETER BERLYN, of Elm House, 196 Brixton Road,
in the County of Surrey, General Manager to a firm of Electrical Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The bulbs of incandescent electric lamps are generally made, either entirely or
partially, of clear glass blown approximately to the shape of an egg, and the
filament therein, being exposed to the eye, is very dazzling.
According to my invention I apply to such bulbs, a case or cover, which, while
sufficiently transparent to permit the required amount of light to pass through, is
also of such color, material, and configuration, as to prevent the dazzling effect
above referred to, and, by conforming as closely as possible to the form of the egg
shaped bulb, I provide a covering of a more artistic nature than has hitherto been
put on the market.
The extremities of the said incandescent lamps being smaller than the centre, it
has hitherto been an impossibility to cover up the lamp without entirely altering
the pretty and artistic appearance of same, except by an arrangement, network,
or cage, of glass or other beads, which causes a quantity of dust to accumulate, is
fragile, and difficult to clean.
By my invention I am enabled to overcome this difficulty and to cover the egg
shaped incandescent lamp with glass or opal, or other translucent material, without
altering the general shape thereof.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct the said case or cover approxi-
mately to the shape or configuration of the lamp bulb, and in two parts, whereby
the same can be made to fit somewhat closely to the exterior of the bulb, and can
be readily applied thereto and removed therefrom.
The said case or cover can be divided longitudinally or transversely thereof, and
the parts thereof can be moulded or blown in glass of any desired color or com-
binations of colors, or they can be made of other suitable translucent material, and
may have any desired ornamental configuration or appearance. I also connect them
to the lamp by means of a ring socket connected to the screw fitting which receives
the screw on the glass bulb, one or more set screws being employed to retain the
case or cover in position therein, but other suitable means may be employed for
this purpose.
When the case or cover is divided longitudinally, the two parts of the neck are
received and held within the ring socket before mentioned, thereby holding the two
parts of the case or cover in close juxta-position, but when the case or cover is
divided transversely, the upper half will be provided with a neck to fit the before
mentioned ring socket, and the meeting edges of the two parts will be provided
with screw threads or with hooks or other fittings, whereby the lower part can be
attached to, or suspended from, the upper part.
And in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation, and Figure 2 is a plan, of an incan-
descent electric lamp fitted with my improved case or cover divided longitudinally,

page_text: Figure 3 is a vertical sectional elevation of a lamp similar to Figure 1, except
that the lamp is fixed to its fitting by bayonet joint.
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are sectional elevations of my improved lamp covers or
cases divided transversely, and showing various methods of connecting the two
parts.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
a is the head of the lamp, which is fitted with the usual contacts, is the
ordinary lamp bulb, which, in the example represented at Figure 1, has its head
formed with a screw b¹, which screws into the interior of the screw fitting a'
carried by the head a, c is my improved case or cover. In Figure 3 the bulb b
has its head provided with pins 3, which engage with the bayonet slots a³ in
the lower portion of the tube a², the upper portion of which is provided with an
external screw thread a¹; d is a ring socket, which is fixed to head a by being
placed in position on the screw a' and then screwing up the nut a¹ until it is.
jammed tightly between said nut and the lower edge of the head a.
The ring
socket is provided with binding screws d¹ screwing at an angle through the ring
or cylindrical part thereof.
My improved cases or covers c, c, have their upper parts or necks curved
outwards, so as to enable them to be firmly held by the binding screws d¹.
Thus, in the examples represented at Figures 1, 2 and 3, the cases or covers c c,
which are there shown divided longitudinally, are securely held in the ring
sockets d, d, by the binding screws did, which latter also bind the two parts
of the case or cover closely together along their meeting edges. In these instances
the bulbs bare first connected to their fittings and the cases or covers afterwards
placed around them and then fixed in position.
In Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 the cases or covers c c are represented as divided
transversely in these instances the upper parts thereof are first fixed in their
ring sockets d, d, and the lamp bulbs b.are then connected with their fittings,
after which the meeting edges of the lower parts of the cases or covers cc are
placed against the meeting edges of the upper parts thereof, and they are then
connected together in any suitable or convenient manner. In Figure 4 the two
parts of the case or cover c are represented as being each provided at their
meeting edges with a screw thread, so that they can be readily screwed together.
In the instance represented at Figure 5 the two parts of the case or cover are
represented as being each provided with short lengths of chains e e, the end
links of which are connected together after the two parts of the case or cover
are placed in juxta-position. In the instance represented at Figure 6, the lower
part of the case or cover c is shown fitted with wires f, which, when the two
parts of the case or cover c are placed in juxta-position, are passed through
holes in the upper part, thereby, as it were, hooking the lower part of the
case or cover c on to the upper part thereof. In the instance represented at
Figure 7, the two parts of the case or cover c are formed with perforated lugs
or flanges, through which wires are passed, which, by their ends being twisted
together, connect firmly together the two parts of the case or cover c.
I would here remark that although I have represented several methods of con-
necting together the two parts of the case or cover c, I do not confine myself
thereto, as any suitable or convenient means may be employed for such purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A divided case or cover of translucent material surrounding the bulb of an
incandescent electric lamp, and held in position by a ring socket fixed to the lamp
head and fitted with binding screws acting against the neck of the case or cover,
substantially as herein shown and described.
2. A divided case or cover of translucent material secured in position around the

page_text: bulb of an incandescent electric lamp, and so shaped as to conform somewhat closely
to the shape of the bulb, substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 10th day of October 1891.
F. H. P. BERLYN.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.