Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Oct., 1896-Accepted, 2nd Jan., 1897
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a machine for the automatic manufacture of pasteboard
boxes, by means of which a box of rectangular form, open at one end is produced from
a piece of pasteboard consisting of a bottom piece and wings projecting therefrom,
which are subsequently made to form the sides of the box, these wings being
bent up at right angles by the combined action of a mould and a die, and then
seized by a peculiar mechanism and pressed against the die for withdrawing the
blank from the mould and covering it with an adhesive strip of paper or other
fabric which holds the sides together, after which the box is again inserted into
the matrix for folding the protecting edges of the strip respectively over the
bottom and against the interior of the sides.
The finished box is then removed from the mould, by a second die, and
discharged from the machine.
I will describe the said machine with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figure 1 shews a horizontal section of the machine through the axis of the
matrix or mould;
Figure 2 is a vertical section looking towards the guide for leading the adhesive
strip to the mould. Figure 3 is the same section looking towards the die.
Figures 4 to 13 shew the various stages in the production of the box, Figure 4
shewing the cut cardboard blank, Figure 5 the same bent up in the mould,
Figure 6 the same with the corner grips applied thereto just before the blank is
drawn out of the mould;
Figure 7 shews the preliminarily formed box after drawing out of the mould
with the corner grips applied, as also the covering strip and the rotating grip;
Figures 6 and 7 are sections on line 7, 7 Figure 2 looking in the direction of
the feed.
Figures 8 and 9 shew the folding down of the one edge of the covering strip
on to the bottom of the box by means of the outer surface of the folding slide;
Figures 10 and 11 shew the folding down of the other edge of the covering strip
on to the inner side of the upper edges of the box;
Figure 12 shews the bottom of the finished box;
Figure 13 shews the mode of removing the finished box from the mould by the
second die.
Figure 14 shews a diagram of an arrangement for bringing. the second die into
working position.
Figures 15 to 18 shew diagrams of another arrangement for bringing the second
die into working position, Figure 15 shewing a side view with the second die out
of action, Figure 16 the same view with the second die raised, Figure 17 the

page_text: same view with the die pushed into the mould, Figure 18 a plan corresponding to
Figure 15.
The machine shewn produces the boxes from a continuous sheet or roll of
pasteboard and is consequently provided with special devices for drawing the
pasteboard from a roll and cutting it into suitably formed blanks which are then
delivered to the devices for the production of the boxes.
It will be evident that the machine can by the simple omission of this supply
and cutting device be converted into one for producing boxes from ready cut
blanks supplied by hand.
The pasteboard band of the required width, fed forward from a roller enters in
an upright position into a guide 1, Figures 1 to 3, in which it receives a step-by-
step forward motion by means of a feed device consisting of pawls carried by a
reciprocating frame 2, which pawls are made to press against the pasteboard
during the forward motion, but slide over the same at the backward motion during
which the band is prevented from receding by counter pawls 3. The reciprocating
motion is imparted to the frame 2 by means of a lever 12 which is actuated by a
cam on the main shaft W by means of a two armed lever a ' and a rod 13.
The pasteboard band brought in this manner in front of the cutting device G
is cut by this, by means of punches 4 and counter punches 5 so as to cut out of
each edge a rectangular piece which is of a height corresponding to the height of
the box, and of a length corresponding to double such height; simultaneously by
means of a cutter 6 that connects the middles of the length of the punches 4,
Figures 1 and 3, the pasteboard band is cut through in the direction of its width,
thus cutting off from the hand a piece of card board of the cross shaped
configuration shewn at Figure 4, adapted to be formed into a box.
Thus at each cut, a finished pasteboard blank is produced.
The moveable punches 4 and cutter 6 are actuated by means of a rod a guided
in the frame and moved by a cam groove on the main shaft W. The blank is then
pushed forward by a clamping slide 8 on the backward motion of the frame 2, the
slide being connected to a toothed rack 9* guided by the framing, with which gears
a tooth sector on a lever 9 which is connected to lever 12 by means of a stud that
both move simultaneously in opposite directions.
By this means the blank passes under the pushing pawls 10 which are connected
to a rod 11 arranged and guided by the side of the rod 9%, and is connected by
a pin 11 with the lever 12 Figure 3, so that at the next forward motion of this
lever the blank will arrive in the correct position in front of the mould A.
The mould A is formed by four blocks which enclose a rectangular space
Figure 1 and which are slightly moveable in the framing towards the centre of
the rectangular space, which is slightly greater than the outside of the bottom of
the finished box while when the mould cheeks are moved slightly together the space
is exactly equal to the size of the box. Into this mould, in front of whose opening
is situated the part of the blank forming the bottom of the box, the blank is
forced by means of the die B, which consists of a block fixed on a spindle b and being
of a size exactly equal to the interior of the box. The wings s projecting from
the sides of the bottom part S of the blank are by this means bent up between the
sides of the mould and those of the die, into the position which they occupy as the
sides of the finished box as shewn at, Figure 5.
This motion of the die is effected by means of a lever b connected to the spindle b
and actuated by a cam groove on shaft W.
The mould checks are then made to approach each other so as to press the bent
up wings of the blank firmly against the sides of the die, this motion being effected
by means of levers 14 pivotted to the framing and connected at one end to the
mould cheeks, as shewn at Figure 1 while the other ends are acted upon by inclines
on a sliding piece 14* which is mounted loose on the spindle 20, and is, at the
proper moment, drawn backwards by a lever a actuated by a cam on the
shaft W
The partially formed box now has to be withdrawn together with the die from

page_text: the mould, in order to allow of this being done without the wings opening out
again, a special construction of corner grip E Figures 1 and 3, is provided, which
slides on the spindle and is carried by a rod E' passing through the hollow
spindle b, or it might be a rod sliding in an external groove of spindle b. This
corner grip consists of bolts or pushers e Figures 3, 6, 7, which lie in the direction
of the diagonal of the box and are acted upon by springs, and which carry at the
outer ends two pins e placed parallel to the die spindle and so arranged that
each two pins carried by one of the pushers fit over the contiguous edges of two
wings at a corner of the die. Between the frame E carrying these pushers and
die there is provided loose on the spindle a ring 15 coned at the opposite ends,
and capable of a limited sliding motion, (Figures 1, 6, 7). If, while the die is in
the forward position the corner grip is pushed forward by means of a lever e
Figure 1 actuated by a cam on shaft W, the inner ends of the pushers e will in the
first instance push the ring 15 in front of them until this arrives at the limit of its
motion, when the pushers will ride up the coned end of the ring 15 whereby the
pins el will enter small grooves e³, Figures 2, 6, 7, at the edges of the mould, after
which, the inner ends of the pushers e will slide down the other coned end of the
ring, and the pins will then be pressed by the springs of the pushers against the
outer edges of the wings s of the blank, so as to press these firmly against the die
as at Figure 6.
The die is then withdrawn from the mould A together with the partly formed
box by means of the spindle 6 and lever b, during which motion the corner grip E
does not alter its position relatively to the die. The mould check can, if necessary,
be somewhat moved apart by means of the levers 14, cam 14* and lever a, and the
spindle 20 is at the same time pushed forward by means of a lever a¹ actuated by
a cam on the shaft W Figure 1.
The partially formed box being thus held tight on the die B, a covering strip
coated on one side with adhesive material is led on to the one side surface of
the box.
This is effected by causing the covering strips resting on a support H Figure 3
to be held by a clamping lever h, and to be moved forward thereby, the lever h
having a to and fro motion imparted to it by means of a rod and a two armed
lever 2, of which one arm is shewn at Figure 2 and the other at Figure 3, and
which is actuated by two cams ou shaft W. The pressing of the clamp h* of
lever on to the strip is effected by means of a spring Figure 3 which draws
the slotted lever towards the pivot stud thereof, while an arm pivotally connected
to and which is fixed on the pivot of h, supports the table H.
The covering strips thus placed with its gummed surface on the one side of the
box is then pressed by the so called rotating grip down on the box. The strip
is of such a width as to project both beyond the bottom and also beyond the open
end of the box, as shewn at Figure 7. The rotating grip consists of a light
plate F Figures 1 and 7, on the end of a lever pivoted to a ring 12 and usually
held in a raised position by a spring. The ring can slide longitudinally on the
spindle b, and behind it is a ring falso capable of sliding along the spindle and
having a coned front face, which ring is at the proper time pushed forward by
means of lever and rods ff and a cam on shaft. W, and thereby pushes
forward the ring f until it is stopped by the corner grips or by a stop on the
spindle 6 whereupon the coned face of the ring f1 projects under the rear end of
the lever fx, and moves this so as to press the plate F upon the covering strip
laid on the box as at Figure 7 and thus to hold it.
The spindle together with the die and the corner grip E coupled with the
spindle, as also the rotating grip F are made to perform a complete revolution,
this being effected by a toothed rack f' Figures 1 and 3 gearing with a pinion f
which is connected by ratchet gear with spindle 6 so as to carry it round in one
direction and to turn loose on it in the other direction, the rack being actuated by
an elbow lever worked by a cam on the shaft W.
The rotation of the spindle at other times. as also its backward motion is

page_text: prevented by a disc 17, Figures 1 and 3 fixed thereon, with a notch in which gears
a long tooth 17* on a lever actuated by a cam on shaft W so as to release the disc
when the die is to be rotated.
By the above described motion the covering strip, which has meanwhile been
released by the pressing lever, is coiled round the box. The lever h is for this
purpose actuated by a lever h³ and rod ', worked by a cam on shaft W. The
table H supporting the covering strip is meanwhile shifted out of the path of the
box by means of the levers and 12 and actuating parts.
The backward motion of the covering strip is prevented by a pawl i. The
covering strip is then cut off by a scissors K which is actuated by rods k¹ k² lever k
and cam K on shaft W. Figures 2 and 3 after three quarters of a revolution of
the spindle the rotating grip F is drawn back by means of the lever and its
other devices, in order to prevent the strip from being pasted over it, the strip
being held sufficiently tight on the box by the gum during the remaining fourth of
the revolution.
During the coiling on of the covering strip this is pressed against the sides of
the box by means of a caoutchouc roller L on a lever 16 acted on by a spring 1,
the roller being then lifted off by a lever l' actuated by a cam groove on shaft W.
The box covered by the strip, together with the die B is again pushed towards
the moald A by means of lever but remains stationary with its bottom at the
opening of the mould as at Figure 8. Folding slides D gui led in the mould cheeks
are now pushed forward, the parts being so placed that the outer surface of the
slides lie in one and the same plane with the bottom of the box.
The opposite slides are pushed forward simultaneously and fold the edge of the
strip projecting beyond the bottom, down on to the latter as at Figure 9, while the
other two folding slides remain stationary and serve as guides to the first named
pair, so as to insure the smooth folding down of the edge of the strip. The same
action is repeated with the second pair of opposite slides, the motion of each pair
being effected by means of a cam on the shaft W, which actuates a frame d² d2x
loose ou spindle 20 by means of a lever d³ dx, levers d' pivoted to the framing
at d being made to engage with the frames 2x at one end while the other ends
are connected to the folding slides D.
Figure 12 shews the bottom of the box with the edges of the covering strips
folded down.
The box together with the die is now entirely introduced into the mould, and the
die B is drawn out by means of the lever 1, the corner grip E being also withdrawn
at Figure 10.
In order to facilitate the drawing out of the die from the box, a sliding rod b
Figure 1 is provided within the spindle b, or in a longitudinal groove on the outside
thereof, the outer end of which carries a disc or cross piece & which is generally
flush with the end surface of the spindle. On drawing back the die the rod 6 is
held by a paul 18 which is pushed behind 2 by means of a lever and cam on
shaft W so that the disc 3 holds the box in the mould until the die has left the box,
when the pawl releases the rod 6 and is drawn back by a spring.
For larger machines the before mentioned spring may be dispensed with and the
lever actuating the spindle / be extended beyond its connection with the spindle
as indicated at Figure 1 and be made, in its backward position to come in contact
with a stud 18, on a sliding bar having a second stud 181 which bears against the
lever which actuates the rod 62, whereby this rod will be drawn after the die as
soon as the latter has left the box, and the rod 62 has been freed by the pawl 18*.
After the above has taken place, the outer edges of the covering strips are
folding down on to the inner surface of the box. This is effected by the folding
flaps pivoted to the inner faces of the folding slides, which flaps are formed as
elbow levers that are connected by wires d³, Figures 2, 10, 11, to springs connected
to the framing.
Each two opposite folding slides are pushed inward as before, whereby the
flaps 14 are turned through an angle of 90° by the action of the wires and springs d

page_text: (Figure 11) and thus effect the bending inwards of the folding edge of the paper
strip, while the other two folding slides remain stationary.
This operation is then repeated for the second pair of folding slides, and when
these have completed their operation, the box is finished but has still to be removed
from the mould A.
For this purpose a second die C is employed, which is at other times out of use
and is situated beyond the path of the die B. The arrangement for the above
purpose can be variously modified; as shewn in Figures 1, 3 and 14, the dies B
and C, together with their spindles and subsidiary parts are mounted in a separate
frame which is moveable relatively to the stationary mould A, the frame P
Figure 14 being raised at the required moment by a lever p actuated by a
cam pl. on a second driving shaft W' of the machine, thereby bringing the second
die C in front of the mould A. The spindle c' of this die is actuated by a lever c³.
worked by another cam on the shaft W₁or the dies B and C together with their
spindles and subsidiary parts are according to Figures 1 and 3 carried by a
support P carried above the shaft W and pivot W, such support being at the
required moment raised by a cam p³ on the shaft W, and lever p with connecting
rod po, so as to bring the die C in front of the mould A.
The spindle c' of the second die is in this case actuated by a levere worked by
a cam on shaft W. These two arrangements in particular with larger machines,
require large masses to be moved and the first one requires also that the lever
actuating the spindle b of the die B shall be moved in and out of gear with its cam
on shaft W, which causes inconvenience. It is therefore preferred to employ the
arrangement shewn at Figures 15 to 18. In this case the die C is fixed to a
frame that is jointed at c to a pair of rods c and has slots c8 with which engage
pivots c' fixed to the framing.
The rods when the die C is to be brought into working position, are pushed
forward towards the mould: by means of levers and cams on shaft W whereby the
frame together with the die C are turned on the pivots c through an angle of 90°
until the die C comes directly in front of the mould opening, and the slots care
parallel to the rods e and the spindle 6 of the die B, as at Figure 16.
When the die C has been brought before the mould A by one or other of the above
devices, the die C is pushed into the box in the mould either by means of the
lever Figure 14 or by c³ Figures 1 and 3, or by the advance of the rods c in
Figure 17 (the frame being made to slide over the pivots c) and the mould cheeks
are moved apart as before described. The die C is then drawn backwards while
the spindle 20 is moved forward as before described whereby the box is removed
from the mould (Figure 13) and the dies BC return to their original positions.
If required, a label can be pasted on the box by any known means while it is on
the die; and the box is then removed from the die C by means of a stripper 19
Figure 13 as soon as the die moves backwards. In the arrangement at Figures 15
to 18 the stripping can be effected by means of an elbow lever e pivoted to the
rods c, and which strikes against a fixed stud on the framing at the backward
motion of the rods.
With the above described machine boxes of different sizes can be made, by
changing the mould and dies, or by fixing on or removing cheeks fixed by means of
screws with counter-sunk heads. The last named ineans are employed if boxes of a
very small depth are to be made. The stroke of the dies is in this case varied either
by shifting the actuating levers or by changing the corresponding cams, and the
feed of the pasteboard and covering strip is also suitably modified.
Dated this 5th day of March 1006
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Machine for the Manufacture of Pasteboard Boxes.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of London, Consulting Engineer, and Chartered Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a machine for the automatic manufacture of paste-board
boxes, by means of which a box of rectangular form, open at one end is produced
from a piece of pasteboard consisting of a bottom piece and wings projecting
therefrom, which are subsequently made to form the sides of the box, these wings
being bent up at right angles by the combined action of a mould and a die, and
then seized by a peculiar mechanism and pressed against the die for withdrawing
the blank from the mould and covering it with an adhesive strip of paper or other
fabric which holds the sides together, after which the box is again inserted into the
matrix for folding the protecting edges of the strip respectively over the bottom
and against the interior of the sides.
The finished box is then removed from the mould, by a second die, and discharged
from the machine.
I will describe the said machine with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which
Figure 1 shews a horizontal section of the machine through the axis of the
matrix or mould;
Figure 2 is a vertical section looking towards the guide for leading the adhesive
strip to the mould. Figure 3 is the same section looking towards the die.
Figures 4 to 13 shew the various stages in the production of the box, Figure 4
shewing the cut cardboard blank, Figure 5 the same bent up in the mould,
Figure 6 the same with the corner grips applied thereto just before the blank is
drawn out of the mould;
Figure 7 shews the preliminarily formed box after drawing out of the mould
with the corner grips applied, as also the covering strip and the rotating grip;
Figures 6 and 7 are sections on line 7, 7 Figure 2 looking in the direction of the
feed.
Figures 8 and 9 shew the folding down of the one edge of the covering strip on
to the bottom of the box by means of the outer surface of the folding slide;
Figures 10 and 11 shew the folding down of the other edge of the covering
strip on to the inner side of the upper edges of the box ;
Figure 12 shews the bottom of the finished box;
Figure 13 shews the mode of removing the finished box from the mould by the
second die;
Figure 14 shews a diagram of an arrangement for bringing the second die into
working position.
Figures 15 to 18 shew diagrams of another arrangement for bringing the
second die into working position, Figure 15 shewing a side view with the second
die out of action, Figure 16 the same view with the second die raised, Figure 17 the
same view with the die pushed into the mould, Figure 18 a plan corresponding to
Figure 15.
The machine shewn produces the boxes from a continuous sheet or roll of
pasteboard and is consequently provided with special devices for drawing the
pasteboard from a roll and cutting it into suitably formed blanks which are then
delivered to the devices for the production of the boxes.
It will be evident that the machine can by the simple omission of this supply

page_text: and cutting device be converted into one for producing boxes from ready cut
blanks supplied by hand.
The pasteboard band of the required width, fed forward from a roller enters in
an upright position into a guide 1, Figures 1 to 3, in which it receives a step-
by-step forward motion by means of a feed device consisting of pawls carried by
a reciprocating frame 2, which pawls are made to press against the pasteboard
during the forward motion, but slide over the same at the backward motion during
which the band is prevented from receding by counter pawls 3. The reciprocating
motion is imparted to the frame 2 by means of a lever 12 which is actuated
by a cam on the main shaft W by means of a two armed lever and a
rod 13.
The pasteboard band brought in this manner in front of the cutting device G is
cut by this, by means of punches 4 and counter punches 5 so as to cut out of
each edge a rectangular piece which is of a height corresponding to the height.
of the box, and of a length corresponding to double such height; simultaneously
by means of a cutter 6 that connects the middles of the length of the punches 4,
Figures 1 and 3, the pasteboard band is cut through in the direction of its width,
thus cutting off from the band a piece of card board of the cross shaped
configuration shewn at Figure 4, adapted to be formed into a box.
Thus at each cut a finished pastehoard blank is produced.
The moveable punches 4 and cutter 6 are actuated by means of a rod g (Figures 1
and 3) guided in the frame and moved by a cam groove on the main shaft W. The
blank is then pushed forward by a clamping slide 8 on the backward motion of the
frame 2, the slide being connected to a toothed rack 9* guided by the framing,.
with which gears a tooth sector on a lever 9 which is connected to lever 12 by
means of a stud so that both move simultaneously in opposite directions (Figures 1
and 3).
By this means the blank passes under the pushing pawls 10 which are connected
to a rod 11 arranged and guided by the side of the rod 9x, and is connected by a.
pin 11 with the lever 12 Figure 3, so that at the next forward motion of this
lever the blank will arrive in the correct position in front of the mould A.
The mould A is formed by four blocks which enclose a rectangular space
Figure 1 and which are slightly moveable in the framing towards the centre of,
the rectangular space, which is slightly greater than the outside of the bottom of
the finished box while when the mould cheeks are moved alightly together the
space is exactly equal to the size of the box. Into this mould, in front of whose
opening is situated the part of the blank forming the bottom of the box, the blank
is forced by means of the die B, which consists of a block fixed on a spindle band.
being of a size exactly equal to the interior of the box.
The wings projecting from the sides of the bottom part S of the blank are by
this means hent up between the sides of the mould and those of the die, into
the position which they occupy as the sides of the finished box as shewn at
Figure 5.
This motion of the die is effected by means of a lever & connected to the spindle b
and actuated by a cam groove on shaft W.
The mould cheeks are then made to approach each other so as to press the
bent up wings of the blank firmly against the sides of the die, this motion being
effected by means of levers 14 pivotted to the framing and connected at one end to
the mould cheeks, as shewn at Figure 1 while the other ends are acted upon by
inclines on a sliding piece 14* which is mounted loose on the spindle 20, and is at
the proper moment drawn backwards by a lever a actuated by a cam on the
shaft W.
The partially formed box now has to be withdrawn together with the die from
the mould in order to allow of this being done without the wings opening out again,
a special construction of corner grip E Figures 1 and 3, is provided which slides on
the spindle & sind is carried by a rod E' passing through the hollow spindle bor it.
might be a red sliding in an external groove of spindle b. This corner grip

page_text: consists of bolts or pushers e Figures 3, 6, 7 which lie in the direction of the
diagonal of the box and are acted upon by springs, and which carry at the outer
ends two pins 6 placed parallel to the die spindle b and so arranged that each two
pins carried by one of the pushers fit over the contiguous edges of two wings at a
corner of the die. Between the frame E carrying these pushers and the die there
is provided loose on the spindle b a ring 15 coned at the opposite ends, and capable
of a limited sliding motion (Figures 1, 6, 7). If, while the die is in the forward
position the corner grip is pushed forward by means of a lever Figure 1
actuated by a cam on shaft W, the inner ends of the pushers e will in the first
instance push the ring 15 in front of them until this arrives at the limit of its
motion, when the pushers will ride up the coned end of the ring 15 whereby the
pins el will enter small grooves e³ Figures 2, 6, 7, at the edges of this mould, after
which, the inner ends of the pushers e will slide down the other coned end of the
ring and the pins will then be pressed by the springs of the pushers against the
outer edges of the wings s of the blank so as to press these firmly against the die
as at Figure 6.
The die is then withdrawn from the mould A together with the partly formed
box by means of the spindle and lever b' during which motion the corner grip E
does not alter its position relatively to the die. The mould cheek can if necessary
be somewhat moved apart by means of the levers 14, cam 14x and lever a and the
spindle 20 is at the same time pushed forward by means of a lever a¹ actuated by a
cam on the shaft W Figure 1.
The partially formed box being thus held tight on the die B, a covering strip
coated on one side with adhesive material is led on to the one side surface of
the box.
This is effected by causing the covering strips resting on a support H Figure 3
to be held by a clamping lever hand to be moved forward thereby, the lever /
having a to and fro motion imparted to it by means of a rod and a two armed
lever, of which one arm is shewn at Figure 2 and the other at Figure 3, and
which is actuated by two cams on shaft W. The pressing of the clamp * of
lever on to the strip is effected by means of a spring + Figure 3 which draws the
slotted lever towards the pivot stud thereof while an arm pivotally connected
to A and which cannot move up or down on the pivot of h (Figure 3) supports the
table H.
The covering strip thus placed with its gummed surface on the one side of the
box is then pressed by the so called rotating grip down on the box. The strip is
of such a width as to project both beyond the bottom and also beyond the open end
of the box, as shewn at Figure 7. The rotating grip consists of a light plate F.
Figures 1 and 7 on the end of a lever fx pivoted to a ring f' and usually held in a
raised position by a spring. The ring f* can slide longitudinally on the spindle b
and behind it is a ring falso capable of sliding along the spindle and having a
coned front face, which ring is at the proper time pushed forward by means of
lever and rods ff and a cam on shaft W and thereby pushes forward the
ring until it is stopped by the corner grips or by a stop on the spindle b where-
upon the coned face of the ring projects under the rear end of the lever fx and
moves this so as to press the plate F upon the covering strip laid on the box as at
Figure 7 and thus to hold it.
The spindle 6 together with the die and the corner grip E coupled with the
spindle, as also the rotating grip F are made to perform a complete revolution, this
being effected by a toothed rack f' Figures 1 and 3 gearing with a pinion which
is connected by ratchet gear with spindle 6 so as to carry it round in one direction
and to turn loose on it in the other direction, the rack being actuated by an elbow
lever worked by a cam on the shaft W.
The rotation of the spindle at other times, as also its backward motion is
prevented by a disc 17, Figures 1 and 3 fixed thereon with a notch in which gears
a long tooth 17* on a lever actuated by a cam on shaft W so as to release the disc
when the die is to be rotated.

page_text: By the above described motion the covering strip which has meanwhile been
released by the pressing lever his coiled round the box. The lever his for
this purpose actuated by a lever hand rod (Figures 1 and 3) worked by a cam
on shaft W. The table H supporting the covering strip is meanwhile shifted out
of the path of the box by means of the levers h and h and actuating parts.
The backward motion of the covering strip is prevented by a pawl i. The
covering strip is then cut off by a scissors K which is actuated by rods k¹³ lever k
and cam K on shaft W Figures 2 and 3, after three quarters of a revolution of
the spindle the rotating grip F is drawn back by means of the lever f³ and its
other devices, in order to prevent the strip from being pasted over it, the strip
being held sufficiently tight on the box by the gum during the remaining fourth of
the revolution.
During the coiling on of the covering strip this is pressed against the sides of
the box by means of a caoutchouc roller L on a lever 16 actuated on by a spring,
the roller being then lifted off by a lever l' actuated by a cam groove on shaft W
(Figures 1, 2, 3).
The box carried by the strip together with the die B is again pushed towards
the mould A. by means of lever b₁ but remains stationary with its bottom at the
opening of the mould as at Figure 8. Folding slides D guided in the mould
cheeks are now pushed forward, the parts being so placed that the outer surface of
the slides lie in one and the same plane with the bottom of the box.
The opposite slides are pushed forward simultaneously and fold the edge of the
strip projecting beyond the bottom, down on to the latter as at Figure 9 while the
other two folding slides remain stationary and serve as guides to the first named
pair, so as to insure the smooth folding down of the edge of the strip. The same
action is repeated with the second pair of opposite slides, the motion of each pair
being effected by means of a cam on the shaft W which actuates a frame d' d²*
loose on spindle 20 by means of a lever d³ ³, levers d' pivoted to the framing at d
being made to engage with the frames d' dx at one eud while the other ends are
connected to the folding slides D.
Figure 12 shows the bottom of the box with the edges of the covering strips
folded down.
The box together with the die is now entirely introduced into the mould and the
die B is drawn out by means of the lever b', the corner grip E being also with-
drawn at Figure 10.
In order to facilitate the drawing out of the die from the box, a sliding rod ³
Figure 1 is provided within the spindle b or in a longitudinal groove on the outside
thereof the outer end of which carries a disc or cross piece 63 which is generally
flush with the end surface of the spindle. On drawing back the die the rod b³ is
held by a pawl 18* Figures 1 and 3 which is pushed behind 62 by means of a lever
and cam on shaft W so that the disc 63 holds the box in the mould until the
die has left the box, when the pawl releases the rod band is drawn back by a
spring.
For larger machines the before mentioned spring may be dispensed with and
the lever b actuating the spindle 6 be extended beyond its connection with the
spindle as indicated at Figure I and be made in its backward position to come in
contact with a stud 18 on a sliding bar b' having a second. stud 181 which bears
against the lever which actuates the rod 6 whereby this rod will be drawn after
the die as soon as the latter has left the box and the rod 62 has been freed by the
pawl 18x.
After the above has taken place, the outer edges of the covering strips are
iolded down on to the inner surface of the box. This is effected by the folding
flaps d pivoted to the inner faces of the folding slides, which flaps are formed as
elbow levers that are connected by wires d' Figures 3. 10. 11 to springs connected
to the framing.
Each two opposite folding slides are pushed inward as before, whereby the flaps d
are turned through an angle of 90° by the action of the wires and springs d

page_text: (Figure 11) and thus effect the bending inwards of the folding edge of the paper
strip, while the other two folding slides remain stationary.
This operation is then repeated for the second pair of folding slides, and when
these have completed their operation, the box is finished but has still to be removed.
from the mould A.
For this purpose a second die C is employed which is at other times out of use
and is situated beyond the path of the die B. The arrangement for the above
purpose can be variously modified, as shown in Figures 1.3 and 14, the dies B and C
together with their spindles and subsidiary parts are mounted in a separate frame
which is moveable relatively to the stationary mould A. the frame 'P Figure 14
being raised at the required moment by a lever p actuated by a cam pl on a second
driving shaft W1 of the machine thereby bringing the second die C in front of the
mould A. The spindle c' of this die is actuated by a lever c worked by another
cam on the shaft W or the dies B and C together with their spindles and.
subsidiary parts are according to Figures 1 and 3 carried by a support P¹ carried
above the shaft W and pivot W2 such support being at the required moment raised
p³ on the shaft W and lever p with connecting rod p so as to bring the
die C in front of the mould A.
The spindle C of the second die is in this case actuated by a lever worked by
a cam on shaft. W. These two arrangements in particular with larger machines,
require large masses to be moved and the first one requires also that the lever
actuating the spindle of the die B shall be moved in and out of gear with its cam
on shaft W which causes inconvenience. It is therefore preferred to employ the
arrangement shewn at Figures 15 to 18. In this case the die C is fixed to a frame e
that is jointed at o to a pair of rods e and has slots with which engage pivots o
fixed to the framing.
The rods when the die C is to be brought into working position, are pushed
forward towards the mould by means of levers and cams on shaft W whereby the
frame e together with the die C are turned on the pivots e, through an angle
of 90° until the die C comes directly in front of the mould opening, and the
slots are parallel to the rods and the spindle b of the die Bas
Figure 16.
When the die C has been brought before the mould A by one or other of the
above devices, the die C is pushed into the box in the mould either by means of
the lever Figure 14 or by e Figures 1 and 3 or by the advance of the rods in
Figure 17 (the frame being made to slide over the pivot c) and the mould cheeks
are moved apart as before described. The die C is then drawn backwards while
the spindle 20 is moved forward as before described whereby the box is removed
from the mould (Figure 13) and the dies B C return to their original positions.
If required a label can be pasted on the box by any known means while it is on
the die; and the box is then removed from the die C by means of a stripper 19.
Fig. 13 as soon as the die moves backwards. In the arrangement at Figures 15 to 18
the stripping can be effected by means of an elbow lever c pivoted to the rods c
and which strikes against a fixed stud e on the framing at the backward motion of
the rods.
With the above described machine boxes of different sizes can be made, by
changing the mould and dies or by fixing on or removing checks fixed by means of
screws with countersunk heads. The last named means are employed if boxes
of a very small depth are to be made. The stroke of the dies is in this case
varied either by shifting the actuating levers or by changing the corresponding
cams, and the feed of the paste board and covering strip is also suitably
modified.
It will be obvious that the above described machine can be modified in various
ways without departing from the nature of the said invention and I therefore do
not limit myself to the exact details of construction as described.
Thus the second plunger or die C may be dispensed with, and the first die B
may be caused to enter the finished box in the mould A after the front edges of

page_text: 00X,
the covering strip have been turned inward and pressed on to the sides
for the purpose of drawing the box out from A it is only necessary for this purpose
o suitably shape the cam groove actuating the die B. The box would then be
removed from the die B by pushing forward the spindle with the head b³ no
separate stripping of blades such as 19 ore being then necessary. The mechanism
for actuating the spindle & for this purpose may be the same as that already
described for pushing the said spindle forward for the purpose of retaining the box
in the mould A at the first withdrawal of the die B. It is however preferred to
use the second die C in those cases when a label has to be pasted on to the
finished boxes or an inseription printed upon them before they leave the
machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An automatic machine for making pasteboard boxes open at one end from
blanks consisting of a square S forming the bottom of the box and of wings that
form the sides of the box, which machine is characterised by the following
operations: The part S of the blank is forced by a die or plunger B into a
mould A for bending up the sides a, a corner grip E is then pushed towards the
mould for pressing the corners of the sides of the box against the die, so as to
enable the box to be drawn out of the mould thereby, after which a covering strip
coated with paste on the inner surface and projecting beyond the edges and bottoni
of the box, is applied thereto so that on the complete rotation of the die with the
box while the strip is held by a clamp F, with the aid of a roller 1, the strip is
coiled round and pasted on the box, and on the removal of the clamp F during the
latter part of the revolution, the bottom edges of the strip are turned over by
folding slides D, and the box is pushed into the mould again by the die; this is
then withdrawn, the top edges of the strip being then folded into the hox and
secured thereto by folding flaps d' on the slides D, and the box is then expelled
from the mould by another plunger, substantially as described.
2. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, a device for automatically
feeding a strip of pasteboard forward from a roll, and for cutting the same into
box-blanks of the proper form and size, wherein the pasteboard strip is fed forward,
by a step-by-step motion, by means of clamps in a frame 2 actuated by a cam on a
shaft W and a lever 12, to a cutting tool G which, at each step of the feed, cuts a
rectangular notch on each side of the paste-board strip, which notch has a height
equal to the height of the hox and a width equal to double such height, the strip
being furthermore cut through transversely at the middle of such notches whereby
a box-blank is formed and separated from the strip, after which the separated
blank, on the retreat of the lever 12 is pushed forward by a lever 9 and rod 9*
with clamp 8, so that on the next forward motion of the lever 12 it is brought by
the rods 11 and catches 10 into the correct position in front of the mould,
substantially as described.
3. In a machine such ns is referred to in the first claim, a device for bending up
the wings forming the sides of the box, consisting of a die B carried by.a spindle
actuated by a lever and cam on the shaft W, which die is made to press the
bottom part S of the blank into a mould A, the side cheeks of which can be moved
nearer together or farther apart by means of levers 14, and a tappet actuated by
a lever a and a cam groove on shaft W, for the purpose on the one hand of
pressing the sides a of the blank against the sides of the die, and on the other
hand of liberating the blank, so as to facilitate its withdrawal from the mould,
substantially as described.
4. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, a corner grip E for
pressing the edges of the sides of the box-blauk against the die, wherein pins e at
the ends of spring balts e guided in a frame in a diagonal direction to the box
bottom, are pressed against or removed from the sides of the box blank by causing

page_text: the said frame which is actuated by means of a lever e2 and a cam groove on a
shaft W, to be moved along the spindle b opposite a double conically formed
ring 15, whereby the pins el are moved towards the box and are at the same time
pressed down upon the same or are raised off therefrom by the spring of the
bolts, as the inner ends of the latter pass over the ring 15, substantially as
described,
5. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, a feed device for
applying the covering strip to a side of the box, wherein the support H for the
covering strip is carried by a lever 4 that is jointed by a pivotal connection to
and actuated by a lever operated by cams on a shaft W, by means of levers and
rods h³, the nipping jaw * of the said lever h being ordinarily pressed by a
spring upon the covering strip, but being capable of being raised by the lever A³
and serving to effect the to and fro motion of the support H by means of the
lever, substantially as described.
6. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, a device for the
preliminary holding of the covering strip on to the box, consisting of a revolving
gripper in which a plate F fixed on the end of a lever / is pressed down on the
box by means of a system of levers f³ ff and a cam on a shaft W, acting on a
conical ring which is thereby slid on the die spindle b (Figures 1 and 7) opposite
the ring carrying the first named lever fx and, in raising the rear end of this
lever, causes the plate F to be applied to the side of the box, substantially as
described.
7. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, a device for folding
down the edge of the covering strip projecting beyond the bottom of the box
consisting of folding slides D, of which the opposite pairs are advanced consecutively
so as to fold the projecting strip-edge on to the bottom, such folding slides being
actuated by levers d¹ d² dx d3 3x and a cam on shaft W, substantially as
described.
8. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, a' device for folding
down the strip-edge projecting beyond the front end of the box, into the inner
sides thereof, consisting of pivoted flaps d' arranged on the inner side of the
slides D, the free lever ends whereof are connected by wires d and springs with
the framing, so that, on the forward motion of the folding slides, the flaps are
acted upon by the springs so as to be turned inwards through 90° and thus to fold
the projecting strip-edge into the interior of the box, substantially as described.
9. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, the arrangement of the
first die B together with its spindle band subsidiary parts, and with a second die C,
upon a moveable frame P situated opposite the mould A and actuated by a cam pl
on a shaft W and a lever p, which frame is, at the proper time, slid along the
framing, in order to bring the second die C in front of the mould A, and to
impart thereto, by means of a cam on shaft W₁ and a lever c² a forward and
backward motion, so as to draw the finished box out of the machine substantially
as described with reference to Figure 14 of the drawings.
10. In a macbine such as is referred to in the first claim, the arrangement of
the first die B with its spindle and subsidiary parts, and the second die C on a
cradle P carried by the framing, and actuated by a camp on the shaft W, and a
lever, which cradle at the proper time is rotated in order to bring the second
die C in front of the mould A, such die being then moved forward and backward
by means of a lever c actuated by a cam on the same shaft W, in order to
withdraw the finished box from the mould substantially as described with reference
to Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings.
11. In a machine such as is referred to in the first claim, the arrangement of
the second die C on a frame e pivotted to longitudinally moveable rods e, and
engaged by means of slots c with fixed pins so that on the movement of the
rods the frame with the die is first turned on the pius c' through 90° for
bringing the second die C in front of the mould A, which die is then pushed into
,the mould A by the farther forward motion of the rods e in. sliding on the pius c',

page_text: while on the backward motion of the rods the reverse action takes place substantially
as described with reference to Figures 15 to 18 of the drawings.
12. A machine in accordance with claim in which for the purpose of removing
the finished box from the mould A the first die or plunger B is caused to advance
and enter the said mould A by means of the cam groove upon the shaft W actuating
it after the coating strip has been turned inward and pressed on to the side walls
of the box by the folding wings d and then is drawn back out of the said mould A,.
taking the box with it whereupon the spindle is caused to advance for the purpose-
of removing the box from the die B.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant..