IMPROVEMENTS IN RECOVERING OXIDES OF MANGANESE FROM PRODUCTS ARISING OUT OF THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE, AND IN RAISING COMMERCIAL MANGANESE TO HIGHER OXIDES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Haeffely, of Kearsley, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RECOVERING
OXIDES OF MANGANESE FROM PRODUCTS ARISING OUT OF THE MANUFACTURE OF
CHLORINE, AND IN RAISING COMMERCIAL MANGANESE TO HIGHER OXIDES."
Sealed the 31st December 1858, and dated the 3rd July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Haeffely at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd July 1858.
I, EDWARD HAEFFELY, of Kearsley, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RECOVERING OXIDES OF MANGANESE FROM PRODUCTS ARISING OUT OF THE MANU-
PACTURE OF CHLORINE, AND IN RAISING COMMERCIAL MANGANESE TO HIGHER OXIDES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in recovering oxides of manganese by treating pro-
ducts arising from the manufacture of chlorine with lime or barytes, and in
such manner that there shall be an excess of such alkaline earth.
The substance so treated I submit to heat, and I find at present that the
temperature should be above 212° Fahrenheit.
The lime I subsequently extract by an acid, and for this purpose I can use
another quantity of the aforesaid product from the manufacture of chlorine,
which usually contains free acid. In raising manganese of commerce to
higher oxides, I proceed in the above described manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Haeffely in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
31st December 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
HAEFFELY, of Kearsley, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Haeffely, Her special license that I, the said Edward
Haeffely, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Edward Haeffely, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RECOVERING OXIDES OF MANGANESE FROM PRODUCTS ARISING OUT OF THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CHLORINE, AND IN RAISING COMMERCIAL MANGANESE TO HIGHER OXIDES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Haeffely, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Haeffely, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
-
The liquor from the vessels in which chlorine gas is generated is allowed
to flow upon limestone or carbonate of lime, or carbonate of baryta, until the
free acid contained in it is neutralized or nearly so; it is then boiled with
finely divided limestone or chalk, or carbonate of baryta, (the carbonate of
lime arising from the manufacture of caustic soda is applicable), and the per-
oxide of iron held in suspension is separated either by filtration or subsidence
from the solution, from which the manganese is precipitated by free lime. It
will be found that boiling greatly accelerates either the filtration or the sub-
sidence. When all the manganese has been precipitated, a further quantity of
free lime is added, the proportion of which can be ascertained by noticing the

page_text: quantity required to precipitate the manganese, and then adding as much
more; or, in equivalents, for every equivalent of manganese there should be
two of caustic lime. The precipitate is then boiled and thrown on to a filter,
from which the chloride of calcium is permitted to drain; it is washed by
water being poured over it, and then transferred to an iron pan to be dried.
From this it is removed to a closed or muffle oven maintained at a low red heat,
but even a white heat is found not to be injurious. The contents of the oven
are then lixiviated with weak hydrochloric acid, or by the refuse liquor from
the apparatus for generating the chlorine gas, by which treatment the lime is
removed in solution, and the manganese in a high state of oxidation remains.
In raising manganese of commerce to higher oxides, I proceed in the
manner above described.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I
claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent,
the indefinite recovery of the manganese contained in a waste product
arising from the manufacture of chlorine gas, and the high state of oxidation
of this manganese obtained by the use of an excess of lime coupled with the
agency of heat, and by the further treatment with an acid solution to remove
the excess of lime; also I claim the like process for the higher oxidation of
manganese of commerce.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Haeffely, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
ED. HAEFFELY.
(L.S.)