IMPROVE- MENTO TV THE MANUFACTURE OF FRICTION LIGHTS MENTS IN DUD MANUFACTURE OF FRICTION LIGHTS. PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hynam, of Wilson Street, Finsbury, in
the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, and James Dixon, of Old
Ford, in the same County, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTO TV THE MANUFACTURE OF FRICTION LIGHTS
MENTS IN DUD MANUFACTURE OF FRICTION LIGHTS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hynam and
James Dixon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 1st July 1870.
We, JOHN HYNAM, of Wilson Street, Finsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, and JAMES DIXON, of Old Ford, in the same
County, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FRICTION LIGHTS," to be as
follows:-
:-
The object of our Invention is to prevent accidents such as now
frequently happen from friction lights being thrown down when the
flame has gone out, but while they still retain great heat. Attempts
have been made to remedy this defect by dipping the wood splints in a
material which will cause them to become cool as soon as the flame has

page_text: become extinguished, but these attempts have failed because they did not
affect the igniting composition or match head, which is the real source of
danger.
Now our Invention consists in incorporating with the usual ingredients
for forming the igniting composition and before the " dipping" a
material or materials having the property of causing the composition to
become cool and harmless as soon as the flame has left it. Any chemist
would readily point out many materials which will answer the purpose
of our Invention, but we may mention specially sulphate of zinc, alum,
sulphate of ammonia, sulphate of magnesia, fullers' earth, and generally
all salts possessing like properties.
Without limiting ourselves to any particular proportion of the material
or materials which we mix with the usual ingredients, and which pro-
portion will necessarily vary with the material or materials employed,
we may state that from 1 to 15 per cent. will generally be found to
answer well.
The employment of a material or materials for the purpose herein-
before explained will generally render it desirable to increase the strength
of the igniting composition by using a slightly larger proportion of
chlorate of potash.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Hynam and James Dixon in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 29th December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
HYNAM, of Wilson Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturer, and JAMES DIXON, of Old Ford, in the same County,
Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-fourth year
of Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said John Hynam and James Dixon, Her special licence
that we, the said John Hynam and James Dixon, our executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Hynam
and James Dixon, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at

page_text: any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FRICTION LIGHTS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Hynam and James
Dixon, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Hynam and James Dixon,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say :-
The object of our Invention is to prevent accidents such as now
frequently happen from friction lights being thrown down when the
flame has gone out, but while they still retain great heat. Attempts
have been made to remove this cause of danger by dipping the wood
splints in a material which will cause them to become cool as soon as
the flame has become extinguished, but these attempts have failed because
they did not affect the igniting composition or match head, which is the
real source of danger.
Now our Invention consists in incorporating with the usual ingredients
for forming the igniting composition and before the "dipping" a
material or materials having the property of causing the composition
to become cool and harmless as soon as the flame has left it. Any
chemist would readily point out many materials which will answer the
purpose of our Invention, but we may mention specially sulphate of zinc,
alum, sulphate of ammonia, sulphate of magnesia, fullers' carth, and
generally all salts possessing like properties.
Without limiting ourselves to any particular proportion of the material
or materials which we mix with the usual ingredients, and which
proportion will necessarily vary with the material or materials employed,
we may state that from 1 to 15 per cent. will generally be found to

page_text: answer well; for example, if we employ sulphate of zinc, about
per
cent. will be a good proportion, alum about 5 to 7 per cent., ammonia
5 to 7 per cent., sulphate of magnesia 5 to 7 per cent., fullers' earth 6 to
7 per cent.
The employment of a material or materials for the purpose herein-before 5
explained will generally render it desirable to increase the strength of
the igniting composition by using a slightly larger proportion of chlorate
of potash or phosphorus.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hynam, on behalf of myself
and the said James Dixon, have hereunto set my hand and 1
seal, this Twenty-ninth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy.
JOHN HYNAM. (L.S.)