Improvements in Apparatus for Projecting Representations of Opaque Bodies upon a Screen.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Projecting Representations of
Opaque Bodies upon a Screen.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a cylindrical apparatus serving for the projection of
opaque bodies without the necessity of using a special lamp; the said apparatus
allows of utilizing any source of light and of projecting all kinds of bodies, with
any desired degree of amplification in their natural colours.
The apparatus comprises two tubes arranged obliquely relatively to each other
and soldered together. The large tube is the illuminating tube; it presents a
lower tubular portion which can be adapted to a lamp and a chimney which sur-
mounts the said tubular portion and serves for the escape of the gases from the
illuminating apparatus which may be of any kind as for instance a lamp. This
tube is further supported by a sliding pedestal by which the height of the apparatus
can be adjusted according to the height of the lamp used. At the bottom of the
large tube is arranged a reflector which throws back the whole light across the
condensing lenses, which concentrate the light upon the opaque image placed in
an inclined frame passing perpendicularly to the projection-tube B. This tube is
provided with an object-lens which projects the image upon a screen, while simul-
taneously magnifying the same.
The rear-shutter of the frame can be withdrawn so that any pictures or impres
sions printed upon the pages of a book, placed in position can be projected.
The advantages which this apparatus presents over projecting apparatus as at
present employed, are as follows:
(1) All kinds of pictures, photographs, engravings chromo-pictures, writings,
drawings and the like or any kind of solid body or substance can be projected by
means of an apparatus, extremely simple in construction. This apparatus thus
dispenses with the preparation of views on glass plates which are more difficult
to be obtained, less adapted to be transported and altogether very inconvenient.
(2) The optical arrangement with its constituent parts is very limited; various
prisms, mirrors and reflectors are avoided which are usually employed in apparatus
for projecting opaque bodies, and which, not only render the construction of

page_text: apparatus of this kind difficult and very expensive, but also absorb a very large
amount of luminous rays.
(3) Owing to the extreme simplicity of the improved optical apparatus, the
source of light may be comparatively very slight; thus for instance, using this
improved apparatus, a petroleum lamp of an intensity equal to 14 lines is
sufficient to project, with all its colours a chromo-picture of about 6 centimetres
in diameter upon a perspective plane of one metre square.
(4) The sliding pedestal, supporting the apparatus in its centre, prevents the
same from bearing against the source of light and enables the same to be directly
regulated and adjusted to any lamp used.
(5) Owing to the constructional arrangement of the frame which is made open
externally, it is possible to project engravings from a book without thereby
deteriorating the work, and this, irrespective of the size of the volume.
(6) Another considerable advantage which this apparatus offers from the com-
mercial point of view consists in its cheapness, owing to the simplicity of con-
struction and reduction of essential parts employed in ordinary projection
apparatus.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Apparatus for Projecting Representations of
Opaque Bodies upon a Screen.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to a cylindrical apparatus serving for the projection of
opaque bodies without the necessity of using a special lamp; the said apparatus
allows of utilizing any source of light and of projecting all kinds of bodies, with
any desired degree of amplification in their natural colours.
This apparatus is represented in the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a horizontal section.
Figure 2 a plan.
Figure 3 a perspective view; and
Figure 4 a part sectional view adapted for transparencies.
The apparatus comprises two tubes A and B arranged obliquely relatively to each
other and connected together at o. The large tube A is the illuminating tube and is
provided with a lower tubular portion G which can be adapted to a lamp E and
a chimney D which surmounts the said tubular portion and serves for the escape
of the gases from the illuminating apparatus which may be of any kind as for
instance a lamp. This tube is further supported by a sliding pedestal P by which
the height of the apparatus can be adjusted according to the height of the lamp
or illuminating apparatus used.
At the end of the large tube A is arranged a reflector R which throws back
the whole light through the condensing lenses G, which concentrate the light
upon the opaque image placed at i, in an inclined frame H passing perpendicu-
larly to the projection-tube B. This tube is provided with an object-lens O which
projects the image upon a screen, while simultaneously magnifying the same.
The rear-shutter of the frame H can be withdrawn so that any pictures or

page_text: impressions printed upon the pages of a book, placed in position at 7 as shewn in
Figure 3 of the drawing, can be projected.
This apparatus likewise permits of projecting transparent views upon glass
or upon any other substance capable of allowing the passage of luminous rays,
in short all views employed in ordinary projecting appliances; for this purpose
I arrange behind the body B a movable cylindrical frame K. As shewn in the
plan view Figure 4 this cylinder K is provided at its bottom part with a concave
mirror L which is supported vertically by means of two movable screws c. These
screws serve to give the desired degree of inclination to the mirror, in such a
manner that, receiving the rays of the lamp it reflects thèm in the direction of
the objective after having passed through the sheet of glass or transparent plate i.
The light issuing from the lamp passes around the transparent plate. If this
transparent plate is held by a glass which occupies the whole surface of the frame,
while the plate, that is to say the image, occupies only the central part, the light
from the lamp will pass through the glass. It is this light which thus passing
around the image or plate strikes the reflector and is sent back by this through
the plate proper, that is to say the image which has transparent and opaque parts
according to the drawing, to produce an enlarged projection through the object
glass.
In a word the light from the lamp illuminates the reflector by passing around
the image; it is reflected by the reflector, and it is the reflected rays which pass
through the central part or image which is shown by projection upon the screen.
The apparatus is equally adapted for projecting directly either a transparent
or an opaque view without the use of any cone, mirror chamber or megascope.
The advantages which this apparatus presents over projecting apparatus as at
present employed, are as follows:
1. All kinds of pictures, photographs, engravings chromo-pictures, writings,
drawings and the like or any kind of solid body or substance can be projected by
means of an apparatus, extremely simple in construction. This apparatus thus
dispenses with the separation of views on glass plates which are sometimes difficult
to obtain, less adapted to be transported and altogether very inconvenient.
2. It however permits of projecting photographs upon glass by transparency.
3. The optical arrangement with its constituent parts is very compact; various
prisms, mirrors and reflectors are dispensed with which are usually employed in
apparatus for projecting opaque bodies, and which, not only render the construc-
tion of apparatus of this kind difficult and very expensive, but also absorbs a very
large amount of luminous rays.
4. Owing to the extreme simplicity of the improved optical apparatus, the
source of light may be comparatively very slight; thus for instance, using this
improved apparatus, a petroleum lamp of an intensity equal to 14 lines is sufficient
to project with all its colours a chromo-picture of about 6 centimetres in diameter
upon a plane of one metre square.
5. The sliding pedestal, supporting the apparatus in its centre, prevents the
same from bearing against the source of light and enables the same to be directly
regulated and adjusted to any lamp used.
6. Owing to the constructional arrangement of the frame which is made open
externally, it is possible to project engravings from a book without thereby spoil-
ing the work, and this, irrespective of the size of the volume.
7. Another considerable advantage which this apparatus offers from the com-
mercial point of view consists in its cheapness, owing to the simplicity of construc-
tion and reduction of essential parts employed in ordinary projection apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is: -
The improved apparatus for projecting at will either opaque bodies with their
natural colours or photographs upon glass by transparency, this apparatus being

page_text: combined and acting as above explained with reference to the accompanying draw-
ing.
Dated this 10th day of January 1898
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.