IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BALL, of Finsbury Circus, in the County of Middlesex, Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Third day of May, in the first year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Ball, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority; that I,
the said John Ball, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Ball, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES," communicated to nié by a certain
foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso,
that I, the said John Ball, shall cause a particular. description of the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Ball, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascertained in

page_text: a carriage wheel,
axletree box and axletree, and the means of affixing the box in the nave, and
also the means of fixing the axletree in the axletree box; Figure 2 is a
transverse section of Figure 1, and Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, are some of the
parts shewn separately. In each of the Figures the same letters indicate
similar parts.
A, A, A, are three. friction wheels, which I prefer to be of steel, well
tempered, and they should be accurately made, they having suitable necks
formed at each end, on which they move as axes; B, B, are hollow bearings
of steel, or other suitable metal, which are let into the axletree E, there being
suitable grooves. or..recesses formed in the axletree to receive them, and
also to receive the rollers A, in such manner that the rollers do not touch
the axletree, they being simply carried by the bearings B, let into the recesses
formed in the axletree, as is clearly shown in the Drawing; C, C, are collars,
which have recesses: or grooves formed for the necks or axes of the rollers A;
these collars C fit on to the axletree, and confine the rollers A thereto, allowing
them to turn freely on their own axes or necks between the bearings B and
the recesses in the collars C; the axletree box D is cylindrical, the nature of
which is shewn in the Drawing; it should be accurately made and well
hardened on the inner face,.and the roller A should each touch the box, and
fit loosely therein, but capable of turning freely: d is a screw to introduce oil
for lubrication; F is a fixed projecting ring on the axletree; and G is a

page_text: circular plate which retains the axletree in its place by means of four screw
bolts, as is shown.
Having thus described the Invention, I would remark, that although I have
shown only three rollers A, and it is evident that more may be employed if
desired, the Invention not relating to the number of rollers employed, but
only to the mode of applying the same, and I would have it understood that
what I claim as the Invention is, the mode of applying friction rollers to
reduce the friction of the shaft of wheel carriages, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ball, have hereunto set my hand
and scal, this Second day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.
Inrolled the Third day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.