matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS FOR GENTLEMEN'S, LADIES', OR CHILDREN'S WEAR
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Stewart Margetson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th October 1859.
I, JOHN STEWART MARGETSON, of Cheapside, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS
FOR GENTLEMEN'S, LADIES', OR CHILDREN'S WEAR," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to render collars for gentlemen's, ladies', or
children's wear more ornamental than those at present worn, and is effected in
the following manner :-
I propose inserting, or laying, or fixing upon the upper surface of the collar
a piece of openworked lace of any desired pattern, and (when required) to
place a piece of colored material beneath it for the purpose of showing up the
pattern of the lace more distinctly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO THE KEELS OF NAVIGABLE VESSELS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Bower at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th April
1859.
I, ALFRED BOWER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Broker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OR APPLICABLE TO THE KEELS OF NAVIGABLE VESSELS," to be as follows (that
is to say):
The objects of this Invention are similar to those of a previous Invention of
the applicant, for which Her most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria was
pleased to grant him Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of
January, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, the intention of which
Inventions is to give vessels a greater hold of the water when sailing to wind-
ward, and thereby prevent the vessel making leeway as far as may be
practicable, and give her greater stability under canvas.
In the former Invention these advantages were obtained by making the
"keel," or the "keel" and its appendages of a truncated conical form when
seen in vertical cross section "amidships."
Now, the present Invention is intended to accomplish the same or further
advantages by means of moveable pieces attached to the bottom of the ordinary
"keel" by a hinged joint, so that it may be set at any required angle by
mechanical means, which can be acted upon from the interior or "deck" of
the vessel; or sliding pieces may be attached to each side of the "keel,"
which can be let down a given distance below the "keel," or by wing pieces
jointed to the sides of the keel, which can be adjusted to any required angle
thereto by suitable mechanical means.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS ON WATER
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clough at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd Sep-
tember 1859.
I, WILLIAM CLOUGH, of Wigan, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS ON WATER," to be
as follows:-
The Invention consists in the employment or use of two or more endless
chains or bands, extending in a direction from stem to stern of the vessel, and
distended at each side thereof between two cylinders or drums; upon these
chains any number of floats, blades, or paddles are arranged to act upon the
water, and so effect the propulsion of the vessel. Motion is communicated
from the driving power to the said chains by means of the cylinders, which
are furnished with projections upon their peripheries taking into the links
of the chains, and the chains are so constructed that one link may lock into
another so as to form a rigid horizontal line of floats or paddles beneath the
surface of the water.
AN IMPROVED FOOD FOR CATTLE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Fridlington Kemp and
William Skey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 2nd February 1859.
We, HENRY FRIDLINGTON KEMP, and WILLIAM SKEY, of the Root Distillery,
South Lincolnshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED FOOD FOR CATTLE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the manufacture of food for cattle, to be used
either in the form of cake or meal, from beet and other such like roots after
distillation, maceration, or expression, either separately or combined with
other substances, as may be found best.
Firstly, we subject the residue of the roots after distillation, maceration, or
expression, to a moderate heat in an oven, or other suitable apparatus, or
remove the aqueous matter by other means.
Secondly, when sufficiently dry, we reduce the residuum to powder, after
which it is either pressed or formed into cakes, of any convenient size or form,
or it is left in a state of meal. We wish it, however, to be distinctly under-
stood that our Invention more particularly relates to the manufacture of cakes
or meal as food for cattle from the residuum of beet and other roots after
distillation.
AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR STAYS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Caleb Hill at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th October
1859.
I, CALEB HILL, of Cheddar, in the County of Somerset, Stay Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
FASTENING FOR STAYS AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of an improved fastening for stays and other purposes relates
to an improved form of fastening, intended to be applied more particularly to
the busks of women's stays.
The Invention consists of a hook and eye, to the former of which a stud is
adapted. The hook is affixed to one part of the busk and the eye to the
other part, while the stud is adapted to the back part of the hook in such a
manner as to cover the hook and eye and prevent them from being seen. This
adds considerably to the neatness of the fastening, and improves the appearance
of the stay.
AN IMPROVE- MENT IN BUCKLES AND CLASPS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick John Jones at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd March
1859.
I, FREDERICK JOHN JONES, of Aldermanbury, in the City of London, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN BUCKLES AND CLASPS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment of a compass as an ornament in
buckles and clasps. I either form the bowl of the compass in the same piece
with the metal, forming part of the rosette of the buckle or clasp, and turn up
the edges of the bowl, when the edges so turned up form the frame for the
compass glass, or I set or attach the bowl and glass in the buckle by other
suitable means.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF COPYING BOOKS FOR ORDER BOOKS AND LETTER BOOKS, AND SO FORTH, AS THE IMPROVEMENT CAN BE APPLIED
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Gregory Gutch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
September 1859.
I, THOMAS GREGORY GUTCH, of Southampton, in the County of Hants,
Stationer and Printer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "THE IMPROVEMENT OF COPYING BOOKS FOR ORDER BOOKS AND LETTER BOOKS,
AND SO FORTH, AS THE IMPROVEMENT CAN BE APPLIED," to be as follows:-
I use a sheet of oiled paper folioed and ruled with feint lines, and column
lines for numbers, &c. I then place a plain sheet of paper folioed and ruleḍ,
and also perforated for the purpose of easy removal. Between these two
sheets I place a moveable piece of two-sided carbonic paper, and for the purpose
of writing either a style or pencil may be used at discretion. By this plan a
traveller or other person may enter his orders at the time of receiving them,
the perforated copy being easily detached for transmission, leaving a perfect
and certain copy.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES EMPLOYED FOR WEAVING FIGURED GOODS OR FABRICS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Sowden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th April
1859.
I, DAVID SOWDEN, of Bradford, in the County of York, Jacquard Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES EMPLOYED FOR WEAVING FIGURED GOODS OR FABRICS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in imparting motion to the bottom board and groove
of jacquard machines by means of two rods or slides, and one lever and one
treading rod, which simplifies the working, and gains increased speed thereof.
This Invention can be applied to either new or old jacquard machines, and
be harnessed to or with old lingers or weights.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN RENDERING BOOTS AND SHOES WATERPROOF
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Alexander Boggis at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
July 1859.
I, GEORGE ALEXANDER BOGGIS, of Croxted Place, Dulwich, in the County
of Surry, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN RENDERING BOOTS AND SHOES WATERPROOF," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the rendering of boots and shoes water-
tight, without in any way altering the appearance of their exteriors. I propose
placing within the lower part of the boot or shoe a piece of thin waterproof
material in the form of a golosh, which may be made to rise as high in or
around the interior of the boot as may be required, the same being merely
placed in the boot, but having a strip of thin material sewn to the lining of
the boot, one edge of which falls over the edge of the golosh, and is secured by
the insole or sock lining.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BLACK LEAD PENCILS AND PENCIL CASES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Archdall O'Doherty at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th February 1859.-A communication from Daniel Dunham Sweet, of
Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM ARCHDALL O'DOHERTY, of 5, Eastcheap, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN BLACK
LEAD PENCILS AND PENCIL CASES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in black lead pencils and
pencil cases. For this purpose in making a black lead pencil, which it is well-
known consists of two pieces of wood, one or both grooved to receive a piece
of black lead, or a compound of black lead, in such manner that when the two
pieces of wood are glued or cemented together the black lead is contained in
the centre.
Now, my improvement consists of introducing a narrow strip of india-
rubber or a preparation of india-rubber at one end of such a pencil in such
manner as to be enclosed therein in like manner to the lead at the other parts
of the pencil, and so that one end of a pencil will when cut to a point be
suitable for writing, marking, or drawing, and the other end (when the wood
is cut away so as to leave the india-rubber projecting) will be suitable for
rubbing out the pencil marks; I also apply a portion of india-rubber to one
end of a pencil case, and such piece of india-rubber may be arranged to slide
into such end of the case, or be otherwise covered when not in use.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN VEILS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Pierre Antoine Lutz at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
March 1859.
I, GEORGE PIERRE ANTOINE LUTZ, of Rue Ménars, Paris, in the Empire of
France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN VEILS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing veils of a circular, elliptical, or
any other form, in which the external edge or 'circumference is a continuous
curve, whether that curve be of a uniform or other curvature. The veil may
be furnished, where necessary, with a suitable aperture, for allowing it to
pass over the crown of a hat or bonnet.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO COTS, CRADLES, & OTHER ARTICLES FOR CHILDREN'S USE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Scopes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th January 1859.
I, GEORGE SCOPES, of Needham Market, in the County of Suffolk, Brick-
layer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO COTS, CRADLES, & OTHER ARTICLES
FOR CHILDREN'S USE," to be as follows:-
My improved apparatus for imparting motion to cots, cradles, &c. consists
of a spring & train of wheels, which is wound up periodically, & which imparts
motion to a cot or cradle, or it may be a swing or article for children's use,
by means of an escape wheel fixed on the train gearing with pallets mounted
on the axes of motion of the cot, &c., such escape wheel & pallets acting
precisely similar to the escapement of a clock, thereby giving motion to the
cot, &c., exactly as the motion is given to the pendulum of a clock. Instead
of the escape wheel, an excentric or crank may be attached to a spindle of the
train, which by means of a connecting rod will communicate motion to a
cot, cradle, swing, &c. If applied to a cradle, it should be mounted on its
rockers or curved feet in such manner that it will always keep the same
relative position with regard to the train or driving power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander William Williamson
and Loftus Perkins at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 28th November 1859.
We, ALEXANDER WILLIAM WILLIAMSON, of University College, and LOFTUS
PERKINS, of Francis Street, Gray's Inn Road, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
PROPELLING VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for propelling
vessels. For these purposes an upright shaft or axis is used, which receives
an alternating or partial rotatory motion, first in one direction, and then in the
other, from a steam engine or other power. At the lower part of this shaft
or axis is a crank, on the crank pin of which is attached a propeller or float-
board in such manner that a greater length of the propeller or float-board
is aft the crank pin, and a lesser length of the propeller or float-board
is forward of the crank pin. The propeller or float-board is so attached
to the crank pin as to move thereon as on an axis, but it is stopped from
moving beyond a certain distance in either direction by two stops formed on
the crank, one on either side, against which the shorter part of the propeller
or float comes as it is alternately moved first in one direction, and then in the
other.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF HOT-AIR OVEN
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Joseph Perry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
September 1859.
I, THOMAS JOSEPH PERRY, of Bilston, in the County of Stafford, Engineer
and Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF HOT-AIR OVEN," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of combining the special advantages of the
round and the oval hot-air oven, and to the use therein of a peculiar manu-
facture of syphon air pipes. Hitherto round ovens have been used only as
single ovens, and it has been customary when a double oven has been required
to make the outer walls and horizontal main in the form of an ellipse or
double horse-shoe, with a division wall across its lesser diameter, from
which wall a core or body of brickwork has been projected with a view of
filling up to a certain extent the empty space within the circle of vertical
pipes. But great inconvenience has arisen from this form, firstly, in the
bulging and rupture of the brickwork at the flat sides, because the iron
bands usually fastened round not having an equal pressure on the surface
of the walls could not restrain them; and, secondly, the great projection of
the core beyond the face of the division wall caused it to give way when
subjected to heat. To remedy these defects I propose to make the walls of
the double ovens circular, so that the iron bands may exert an equal restraining
force on every part of their surface, and to build up each compartment in the
form of a segment of a circle; the projection of the core beyond the face of the

page_text: division wall will thereby be so much reduced as to prevent the liability of its
giving way, and moreover the face of such projection, which is intended to
reverberate the heat, being built near to, and for a considerable distance
parallel with, the vertical pipes, thus producing a more uniform and greater
reverberation of heat than heretofore in hot-air ovens, and consequently an
economy in fuel. The syphon or air pipes which I propose to use, I cast
vertically, so as to insure the greatest practical soundness and regularity in
thickness, whereby their quality of resisting the injurious effect of the oven heat
will be greatly enhanced, it having been found that the pipes as usually cast
(that is, horizontally or at an angle) are liable to warp, crack, and leak, owing
to the upper side of the pipes being more or less full of air holes, and the
difficulty of insuring an equal thickness of metal, besides which, the use of
stops in fixing the cores causes much unsoundness in the castings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre François Mutel and Lucien
Henri Blanchard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 23rd April 1859.
We, PIERRE FRANÇOIS MUTEL, Gas Burner Maker, and LUCIEN HENBI
BLANCHARD, Gentleman, both of Paris, France, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS," to be as follows:-
These improvements in gas burners relate to that description of burners
known as Argand. In these latter the gas issues through the perforations of
a circular plate with which the top of these burners is provided; instead of
these holes we introduce and fix in this plate, at the required distances apart,
small tubes of iron or any other suitable metal or material, and of the required
diameter and length, according to the size of the burner, through which tubes
the gas issues from the burner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Heinrich Hess at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd November 1859.
I, RICHARD HEINRICH HESS, of Newton Street, Hoxton, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for...
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in making gas burners by pressing the materials.
used in the manufacture of porcelain or china in suitable moulds, and burning
the same afterwards to the necessary degree of hardness. I do not confine.
myself to one particular composition of porcelain or china, but use all the
different materials used until now in the manufacture of porcelain or china,
the principal part of the composition being always clay or other argillaceous
material. The burners may be made of porcelain or china, and afterwards.
inserted in tubes made of iron or other metal, or they may be made wholly of.
porcelain or china.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF DISINFECTING AND ANTISEPTIC SUBSTANCES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander M'Dougall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
June 1859.
I, ALEXANDER M°DOUGALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF DISINFECTING AND ANTISEPTIC SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:-
My improvements consist in dissolving what is commonly called the "dead
oil" or "heavy oil" of tar, derived either from the distillation of coal or wood
in water mixed with an alkali or an alkaline earth, but as the peculiar odour
of the oil is removed, and its solubility increased by the use of an acid, I prefer
to act upon it with an acid previous to dissolving it with the alkali or the
alkaline earth and water.
The solution thus obtained, either with or without the treatment of the oil
with an acid, I use for the disinfection of sewage and other matters liable to
putrefactive fermentation.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS, PARTICULARLY ADAPTED TO STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Kenworthy Dutton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
September 1859.
I, EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON, of Sale, in the County of Chester,
Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS, PARTICULARLY ADAPTED TO STEAM
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that part of a steam engine usually known as the
governor," which acts to regulate the admission of steam to the cylinder.
The improvement consists in a novel application and adaptation of any of the
known forms of "escapement," such as the "pendulum," or the "balance
wheel," such escapement being actuated by a coiled spring contained in a
barrel having spiral grooves on the outer periphery in which work pins or
friction rollers attached to a second cylinder or frame which is free to traverse
the outside of the spring barrel by sliding on a shaft with which it turns,
driven by the engine, such shaft passing through the spring barrel and con-
stantly winding up spring, so that as the spring barrel cannot vary in speed,
the second cylinder or frame, partaking of any increased or diminished move-
ment of the engine, is caused to slide on the shaft by the pins moving in the
spiral grooves on the spring barrel and may be caused to act on the "throttle
valve" through any combination of levers and connecting rods. The same
form of apparatus may be used to drive a "fly" having vanes acting on the
air, the escapement being in such cases dispensed with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND DISCHARGING WARPS OR OTHER YARNS OR THREADS, AND WOVEN FABRICS CF SILK, WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Dickins at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th July
1859.
I, THOMAS DICKINS, of Middleton, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DYEING AND DISCHARGING WARPS OR OTHER YARNS OR THREADS, AND WOVEN
FABRICS CF SILK, WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention refers to a method of protecting any desired parts of warps
or other yarns or threads and woven fabrics from the action of dyes or
discharging matters into which they are dipped. Suppose it be desired to
so treat a warp, I place on either side thereof bars or other rigid pieces, which
I cover with india-rubber or similar elastic material; these are then drawn
tightly together so as to prevent the dye from entering the portions of yarn
which they cover. The yarns I wind upon a frame, and subsequently slacken
them, so as to allow the dye or discharging matter to penetrate the exposed
portions; or I cause the yarns with the aforesaid bars or other protecting
apparatus to be lowered into the fluid, and to be raised therefrom by revolving
drums or rollers.
I have spoken above of warps or yarns or other threads to which my
Invention particularly refers, but I also contemplate its application to woven
fabrics.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Woofe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th July
1859.
I, WILLIAM WOOFE, of Gloucester, Agriculturalist, do hereby declare the
5 nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment in ploughs of an additional
coulter and of a revolving pulverizer, in manner hereafter stated. I construct
my ploughs with two beams set about four and a half inches apart, and upon
the left beam I fit a coulter and a share, with mouldboard of any ordinary
construction. Upon the right beam I fit a coulter, which slices off the land
to be turned by the turnfurrow, to the thickness, say, of four and a half inches,
and I also fit upon the right beam, opposite to the body, and a little in the
rear of the front of the turnfurrow, a spiked roller, free to revolve on its.
axis.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES, BY WHICH TO RENDER THE SAME UNINFLAMMABLE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Versmann and Alphons
Oppenheim at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th January 1859.
WC, FREDERICK VERSMANN and ALPHONS OPPENHEIM, of Bury Court, St.
Mary Axe, in the City of London, Analytical Chemists, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF
VARIOUS SUBSTANCES, BY WHICH TO RENDER THE SAME UNINFLAMMABLE," to be
as follows:-
The improvements relate to the adaptation of salts of tin, antimony, and
zinc, excepting the chloride of zinc, to the articles to be rendered non-
inflammable. The salts we prefer to use are the following:-Phosphate of tin,
borate of tin, chloride of tin, chlorides of tin and ammonium, bichloride of tin
and ammonium, antimoniate of potash, chloride of antimony, sulphate of zinc,
zinc aluminate; whilst the substance capable of being treated by them may
be fibrous substances in the raw state, or when in the state of yarn or woven
fabrics or other fabrics, such as paper, as also wood. Solutions of salts
referred to having been obtained, such are applied by steeping, immersion, or
otherwise, or in some cases the application may be effected by double
decomposition. Also we apply the various saits referred to in combination
with starch, such as used for stiffening various fabrics, after they have been
washed, by which the starching will not only have the desired stiffening effect,
but also have the additional effect of rendering the same non-inflammable.
Redhill: Printed for 1lis Majesty's Stationery Oflice, by Love & Malcomson, Ltd.
0130110101
AN AGRI- CULTURAL IMPLEMENT FOR PARING AND PLOUGHING LAND
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cranby Lancelot Perry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
February 1859.
I, CRANBY LANCELOT PERRY, of Sheepstead Farm, Marcham, in the County
of Berks, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN AGRI-
CULTURAL IMPLEMENT FOR PARING AND PLOUGHING LAND," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improved mechanical arrangements or
contrivances constituting an agricultural implement adapted for paring and
ploughing land, and consists of a framing supporting two, three, or more
instruments of the kind commonly employed for paring or skim ploughing
land, said instruments are intended to be so arranged and disposed as to be
capable of being raised and lowered, or adjusted at will as may be desired.
The aforesaid paring implement it is proposed when required to convert into
an ordinary plough by substituting ploughshares in the place of the beforc
mentioned paring instruments.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING FISH FOR MANURE, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Gopsell Pooley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
February 1859.
I, ALEXANDER GOPSELL POOLEY, of Globe Wharf, Rotherhithe, in the County
of Surrey, Agricultural Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING FISH FOR MANURE, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the preparation of fish and refuse thereof for tho
purposes of manure, and also to the apparatus for treating such matters. In
preparing fish for manure, I place it in a strong vessel of plate iron or other
suitable chamber, and apply heat by external application, and internally
through tubes or flues passing through such chamber, either by steam or
other suitable heating medium.
During this application of heat, I further apply pressure so as to express
the moisture from the fish, or refuse thereof. The chamber containing the
animal matter being suitably perforated the wet and moisture separates and
escapes easily. The apparatus I employ for this purpose consists of a cylin-
drical vessel having chambers at each end, by which the superheated steam or
other heating medium is admitted to and escapes from the internal pipes.
before mentioned, which traverse the capacity of the containing vessel.
The body of the vessel or chamber is perforated, as also before mentioned,
and is furnished with one or more pistons and rods, whereby force is applied
to compress and squeeze the matters under operation, as herein-before
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL LAMPS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Gibson Brown and John
Weir Draper Brown at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their. Petition, on the 24th December 1859.
Wo, GEORGE GIBSON BROWN, of Deptford, in the County of Kent, Gentleman,
and JOHN WEIR DRAPER BROWN, of Greenwich, in the same County, Surgeon,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OIL LAMPS," to be as follows:-
Our lamps are intended chiefly for railway carriage and other over-head
lights. Our Invention consists in causing the wick holders, say, three, to pro-
ject at an angle from the top and outer edge of an oil reservoir, and in fitting
to the reservoir a hollow ring or guard, the lips of which, where cut away for
the passage of the wick holders, project sufficiently far to catch or take up any
overflow which might take place from the wick holders; the lower part or
bottom of this guard communicates with perforations made in the reservoir
through which the overflow oil is returned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF DWELLING HOUSES OR OTHER BUILDINGS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF FACILITATING THE ESCAPE OF THE INMATES IN CASE OF FIRE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Great Rex at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
August 1859.
I, JOHN HENRY GREAT REX of Regent's Quadrant, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF DWELLING HOUSES OR OTHER BUILDINGS,
FOR THE PURPOSE OF FACILITATING THE ESCAPE OF THE INMATES IN CASE OF FIRE,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
buildings for the purpose of facilitating the escape of the inmates in case of
fire. For this purpose I construct dwelling-houses or other buildings with
fire-proof shafts or passages, having suitable openings at the top of the building
for ventilation, and so arranged as to be accessible by means of suitable fire-
proof doors from any or all of the rooms contained in such buildings, and these
passages are furnished with iron ladders or other means, for readily ascending
or descending the same, and these shafts or passages communicate with the
exterior or base of the building, which are secured by suitable doors or
gratings, and the building should be furnished with bells or other signals,
which communicate with each room of the building, in order to enable any
one in case of fire to arouse or give notice of the same to all of the inmates
who may be in the building, and these shafts or passages are ventilated by
means of suitable apertures or perforations communicating with the external
air, or by such means as may be found desirable.
AN IMPROVED TEXTILE FABRIC APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF VARNISHED CLOTHS, AND TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th January
1859. A communication from André Paul Roger, resident at Paris, in
the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED TEXTILE FABRIC APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF VARNISHED
CLOTHS, AND TO OTHER PURPOSES," a communication from Andre Paul Roger,
resident at Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the production of a new textile fabric, which
I term "corium Parisien, combining strength, pliability, and cheapness;
applicable to various purposes where such qualities are required; but more
especially applicable to the manufacture or production of varnished cloths or
fabrics to be used as substitutes for what is known as varnished or patent
leather.
This fabric may be woven in a suitably mounted ordinary loom, and may be
composed of any fibrous material capable of being woven; it is of a double
texture, that is to say, it is a species of double fabric presenting two different
appearances in its face and back.
The one surface is composed of a fine warp and weft, and the other of a
considerably coarser warp and weft, and the two surfaces are connected
together by occasional threads of the finer warp being interwoven with the
coarser warp and weft.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUDDLING STEEL
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dixon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th June
1859.
I, JOHN DIXON, of Bishop-Wearmouth, in the County of Durham, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUDDLING STEEL," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in maintaining a uniform heat in the puddling
furnace, and in. keeping the damper raised until the metal rises, or as it is
technically called until "balling" commences, I then close the damper. In
my process I use very little scale, and that at starting, say one or two shovels-
ful; the employment of a large quantity of scale as in some processes causes
waste.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR GUNS OR SMALL FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wedderspoon Keiller at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th May
1859.
I, WEDDERSPOON KEILLER, of Perth, in County of Perthshire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR
GUNS OR SMALL FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
The cartridges is made with a percussion cap inserted and fastened to the
end of it so that by the action of placing the cap on the nipple of the gun
the powder is liberated.
The cartridge is made tapered or cone-shaped when required.
A NEW OR IMPROVED STEAM BOILER
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Onions at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd June
1859.
I, JOSEPH ONIONS, of Darlaston, in the County of Stafford, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
STEAM BOILER," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a steam boiler made of a figure having a
general resemblance to the form of a hollow screw; the said boiler is made of
plates rivetted in the ordinary manner, the said plates being of such a figure,
and so bent, that when rivetted together they form a vessel or boiler which
has the figure described. When the boiler is set or built into a shaft of
brickwork having a furnace at its bottom, the flame and heated air are com-
pelled to perform a helical or screw-like motion in the narrow parts of the
boiler in order to reach the chimney; by this tortuous course the heated air
is made effectually to give up its heat to the boiler. The boiler may be
surmounted by a steam chest, through which the air from the furnace may
pass before escaping to the chimney, and thereby superheat the steam.
Although I prefer to set the boiler vertically, yet the boiler may be set
horizontally or in a position between vertical and horizontal. My new or
improved boiler may be made of the figure of a screw having a square or
angular thread.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING AND STIFFENING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hill Underwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
October 1860.
I, GEORGE HILL UNDERWOOD, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Chymist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING AND STIFFENING TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
Instead of passing or immersing the fabrics through size or stiffening matter
I spread it on the back of the fabric only by means of rollers arranged in the
same manner as the ordinary rollers of a printing machine, I then dry and
finish them by any of the well known processes.
This system of finishing and stiffening is applicable to all kinds of woven
fabrics, whether plain, printed, or fancy goods.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS SUITABLE FOR STRAPS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Antoine Keiffer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
January 1860.
I, FRANÇOIS ANTOINE KEIFFER, of 23, Rue Oudinot, in the City of Paris,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS
SUITABLE FOR STRAPS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in fabrics suitable for straps
for driving machinery, and for other purposes. In constructing fabrics suitable
for driving straps and for other purposes, according to my Invention, I take a
number of bobbins containing steel or other wires; the wires are drawn off
from the bobbins with a uniform tension, and are passed through a comb to
keep them at equal distances apart; they are caused to pass through a vessel
containing gutta percha in a plastic state, with which they become coated.
Together with the wires, two strips of leather of the width of the strap to be
produced are passed through the gutta percha, and become coated; one of these
strips is placed over and the other under the wires, and the whole is consoli-
dated by means of a pair of rollers. If the fabric is to be used as a driving strap,
the surface of one (or it may be both) of these rollers is made convex, so as to
make the surface of the strap concave, to conform accurately to the shape of
the periphery of the driving pulley with which it is intended to work, in order
that the strain on all the wires in the strap may be uniform.. A strap may, if

page_text: desired, be made endless by winding the wires into a skein of corresponding
length before covering them with gutta percha and leather, or when otherwise
made, the ends may be joined by marine glue or cement, or simply by heating
the two surfaces of gutta percha, and applying the one to the other.
Straps manufactured as above described may be used for driving reins and
traces, and for other similar purposes, and fabrics manufactured in this manner
may be made into breast plates and other armour for soldiers; the wires may,
if desired, be woven together with a weft of fine wire or other material before
passing them through the gutta percha. In place of gutta percha, india-rubber
may be employed, and it may, if desired, be mixed with sulphur, and the strap
when formed exposed to heat to vulcanize it. In place of wire, I sometimes
employ fibres of silk, hemp, phormium tenax, or other strong vegetable fibre,
and for the leather, metallic cloth or other fabric may be substituted.
Fabrics constructed as above described are not liable to be injured by acid
vapours, and may consequently be employed in manufactories where such
vapours are produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING PRESSES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
June 1860. A communication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Huguet,.
of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,.
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING PRESSES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention of improvements in lithographic printing presses consists.
in a peculiar arrangement or construction of parts for working the fingers of
the cylinder, and in the employment of small moveable supports or standards.
to receive the damping and other rollers. The fingers or gripers whereby the
paper is laid hold of and drawn or carried into the machine are constructed.
somewhat on the principle of bell-crank levers, and are mounted on a rod or
shaft, which, with the fingers or gripers, is placed in a recess cut out of or
made in the printing cylinder. The fingers or gripers are opened and closed
at the proper time, so as to take hold of the paper by causing their tail ends.
to be brought against studs or wipers or cam pieces as the impression cylinder
rotates. This cylinder is covered with a flexible covering made of some.
suitable material, which is strained over the cylinder by being secured at each
end to rods, one or both of which may be made to turn on their axes, so as to
tighten the covering on the cylinder. The damping rollers are mounted im
standards, which are capable of being lifted up above the plane of the printing

page_text: surface when they are not required to act thereon. The standards are for this
purpose attached to or worked by one end of a vibrating lever, which is acted
on by a cam on the cylinder shaft or main shaft of the machine, or by some
other suitable part of the mechanism. The lithographic stone or printing
surface, and also the distributing table, are fixed on a reciprocating carriage
which moves to and fro under the printing cylinder. The press is so contrived
and arranged as to admit of it being used not only for printing drawings and
ordinary lithographs, but also for printing fabrics, silk handkerchiefs, paper-
hangings, and other articles which are ornamented with running or continuous
patterns from end to end of the piece. Suppose then that the machine
when in its complete state is arranged to print in the usual manner, it will
only be necessary in order to arrange it to print continuous lengths to remove
the fingers and take away a simple bar or rod, which carries a small toothed
wheel whereby some of the parts are worked. The printing cylinder will of
course have an intermittent motion, and must of course stop while some of the
necessary operations, such as sponging and inking, are being performed, as
will be well understood.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAY RAKES, HORSE RAKES, AND SIMILAR AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Richard John Denton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th February 1860.
I, HENRY RICHARD JOHN DENTON, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester,
do hereby declare the naturo of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HAY RAKES, HORSE RAKES, AND SIMILAR AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS," to be as
follows:-
The ordinary hay rakes which are drawn by a horse have a series of hook-
shaped teeth or tines, which drag on the ground or pass very close to it, so
as to collect the bay. When a considerable quantity of hay is thus collected
by the tines, they are raised by a lever, which is generally moved by a man or
boy walking behind the machine, or riding upon it. By the present Invention
I am enabled to dispense with this attendance, and to render the machine or
implement self-acting. For this purpose I place a spindle under the upper
part of the tines, or in connection with parts attached thereto, so that by
raising the spindle the tines are also raised. This spindle is mounted on
levers, connected by universal joints or otherwise with the framing or main
axle of the machine. The extent of motion of the levers is adjusted by sus-
pending chains or quadrants and pins. On the spindle are one or more pulleys
driven by a band or bands passing round another pulley or pulleys on the
main wheels or axle, and having a tightening pulley with a spring or weight,
if required; or the spindle may be driven by geering or other suitable means,
and with or without the intervention of a ratchet or ratchets, and it may be

page_text: capable of being driven at different velocities, and of being thrown in and out
of geer when required. This spindle carries one or two or more levers or
legs. As the spindle revolves, these levers or legs revolve with it until their
ends or feet come in contact with the ground, and compel the spindle to rise
until the legs are perpendicular, when it again begins to descend until the legs
leave the ground, and pass over the spindle to repeat the operation. In this
way the tines are raised and lowered at regular intervals, so as to leave the
hay in ribs or ridges at regular intervals along the field. In some cases the
implement may be required to be used as a non-self-acting rake, and for this
purpose the spindle or the legs may be disconnected or thrown out of geer,
and may occasionally be moved or thrown over by hand, so as to bring the
leg or legs into action. The legs may be jointed, if desired, to enable them
to descend quicker, and the height of the lift may be varied by varying their
length, or otherwise.
The Invention is applicable to rakes or implements for collecting hay or
corn, or for collecting weeds, or for raking, cultivating, or scarifying the
ground, and similar purposes which require to be raised or cleared at intervals.
The distance from the ground and the pitch or stride of the legs are adjusted
by means of lowering or raising the suspending chains.
AN ADDITION TO OR IMPROVEMENT IN GAS METERS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left 'by Michal Henry at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st October
1860. A communication from abroad by Guillaume Amedée Filhol
Peyre and François Barthelemy, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, do declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN ADDITION TO OR
IMPROVEMENT IN GAS METERS," communicated to me from abroad by Guillaume
Amedée Filhol Peyre and François Barthelemy, of 33, Boulevard Saint
Martin, Paris," to be as follows:-
In gas meters as at present constructed, if there should be loss or waste of
gas by escape or leakage when the burners are closed or turned off, the meter
operates, it is true, but too slowly to perceptibly indicate or measure this loss
or waste.
Now the object of this addition to or improvement in gas meters is to
indicate and measure such loss or waste as may so arise from escape or
leakage. For this purpose I propose to furnish the meter with a dial or
graduated or index plate, or set of divisions marked specially therefor, having
a pointer travelling over it, to which motion is communicated from the
ordinary axis or motion-transmitting instrument of the meter, but in such
manner or at such rate that the motion may be sufficiently rapid to indicate
distinctly and measure perceptibly by the divisions on the dial or plate the
said waste or loss, which may be done by so contriving the connections for

page_text: working the pointer that the motion communicated to it may be much more
rapid than the ordinary motion of the meter. Or, the pointer may be
stationary, and the dial or index plate moveable under it, the motion being com-
municated to the dial or plate as described in reference to the pointer. There
may be more pointers than one, as for example, three travelling on a
graduated segment, so that one would be always in view; and in one arrange-
ment, which is that which I prefer, I work them by putting on their axis a
toothed wheel, which gears with a wheel on the upright spindle worked by the
horizontal axis of the meter, but is so contrived as to turn the pointer axis
much faster than the spindle; and I prefer to place my dial or graduated
index plate prominently in the consumer's view.