IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Claude François Latruffe, of 89, Rue de l'Echiquier,
Paris, in the Empire of France, and of No. 4, South Street, Finsbury,
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS."
Sealed tho 24th July 1857, and dated the 24th February 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Claude François Latruffe
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th February 1857.
CLAUDE FRANÇOIS LATRUFFE, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the
Empire of France, and of No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUs,"
to be as follows, that is to say:-
It is well known that the specific gravity of air is lessened in proportion as
it is heated, its ascent in chimneys after having passed over heated surfaces
resulting from this fact.
The heating apparatus at present generally used, as stoves, moveablo
calorifiers, &c. are for the most part provided with a metallic pipe, which
gives passage to the heated air proceeding from the grate, and from thence
distributes it in the atmosphere. The fluid in transit communicates a large
amount of its caloric to the conducting tube, which thus remains heated while
the fire is kept up. If, therefore, the air contained in the apartment to be
heated be forced to pass continuously over the body of the above-mentioned

page_text: conducting pipe, the degree of temperature will be found to rise until a
certain level be attained, which is kept up as long as the apparatus is at work.
This current of air is thus established:-I employ one or several concentric
tubes of variable length, but proportioned to the capacity of the locality to be
heated, their diameter being also variable and greater than that of the conduct-
ing pipe. These concentric tubes of a conical form are placed one within the
other, and arranged around the conducting pipe, their graduated diameter
leaving a free interval between each. The ambiant air enters through the
opening nearest the fire with a force proportionate to the degree to which the
main pipe is heated. The current thus established continues in force long after
the fire itself is extinguished. This system of heating is equally applicable to
ordinary chimnics when modified, for instance, by causing the caloric formed
in the chimney to pass into a tube, which egressing at one side enters at the
other, the supplementary tubes described being applied to the parts exposed in
the apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Claude François Latruffe in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, CLAUDE
FRANÇOIS LATRUFFE, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of
France, and of No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of February, in the twentieth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Claude François Latruffe, Her special license that I, the said
Claude François Latruffe, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Claude François Latruffe, iny executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst others)
'that I, the said Claude François Latruffe, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Claude François Latruffe, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereto
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
My improvements consist in a new means or contrivance, whereby the heat
of stoves, calorifères, and other heating apparatus may be more usefully em-
ployed, and are based on the well-known property, possessed by atmospheric
air, of decreasing in specific gravity in proportion as it increases in tem-
perature.
The pipes, for carrying off the gases of combustion from the grates of stoves
and caloriferes to the atmosphere, during the passage of the gases and heated
air get heated by the absorption of caloric, and remain heated so long as the
fire is kept up. By my contrivance, the air in the apartment is attracted
successively and continuously over the said heated pipe until the temperature
in the apartment has attained the required degree. I effect this object by
adapting to the conduct pipe one or more concentric tubes of a conical form,
placed one within the other.
E
One of these arrangements is represented in the accompanying Drawing,
of which Figure 1 is a plan, and Figure 2 is a section through A, B, of the
same. They may be of variable length and diameter, in proportion to the size
of the apartment and the temperature it is desired to obtain. Between the
conduct pipe C of the gases of combustion and the conical tube D is a space.
for the free passage of the ambient air, which, being drawn by the heated
surface of the conduct pipe, passes into the space E through the opening F of
the conical tube, with a force proportionate to the degree of heat of the con-
duct pipe. The conical tube is fixed to the internal tube by the plates or
supports G. The air thus set in motion continues this heating action until the
fire is completely extinguished. This contrivance can also be employed for
ordinary fire-places, by closing up the chimney at a few feet above the grate
and making an opening on one of the sides of the chimney below the closed
part, through which a bent metallic tube should be applied in an ascending
direction, so as to permit of a concentric tube being placed thereon, by this
means setting up a current of air over the conduct pipe or flue. The conduct.
pipe at the required point enters the chimney.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, what I claim is, the construction and application

page_text: to the heated conduct pipes of stoves, calorifères, and other heating apparatus,
of one or more conical and concentric tubes for the purpose of warming the air
in apartments, as herein;before, described, and represented in the Figures of
the annexed Drawing..
In witness whereof, I, the said Claude François Latruffe, have hereunto
set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.