Improvements in the Manufacture of Horse-shoes and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 18th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Horse-shoes and in Apparatus
therefor.
1, JAMES VERNON, of Newton Stewart, Scotland, Upholsterer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to the manufacture of horse shoes, and has for its object
to facilitate their formation with recesses on one or both sides for the reception of non-
slipping and anticoncussion pads.
Horse shoes have already frequently been provided with pieces of rubber, or similar
material, let into the shoe, but the formation of the recesses for receiving these, has
been attended with expense, which has practically precluded the use of shoes so
made:
According to my invention, I avail myself of the process of casting and annealing
iron and steel, so that not only am 1 able to produce shoes of the ordinary pattern
complete, including the nail holes, at a very cheap rate, but I am also able cheaply to
produce shoes of special form to receive the anticoncussion pads, which have been
hitherto expensive and difficult to fix.
The machine I propose to employ consists mainly of an annular rotating table
provided with a number of moulds or chills for casting the shoes, and a receiver
arranged centrally of the moulds, for containing the molten metal, which may be
conducted from the furnace through a suitable channel.
The receiver is provided with a channel, the end of which overlies the orifice of the
moulds, as they are successively brought into position by the intermittent rotation
of the table.
The moulds may be provided with plugs or cores to form the nail holes during the
operation of casting. These cores or plugs may be inserted in the moulds by hand,
& arranged at the proper inclinations, but I prefer to use a group of such cores or
plugs, passing them up through guide holes in the bottom of the mould, and con-
necting them elastically with a reciprocating frame or lever, by actuating which, each
set of cores may be brought into position, or withdrawn from the mould, at one
operation.
The metal having been melted in a furnace in the usual way, is led therefrom to
the receiver, and from thence it flows to each mould in turn as the table is
rotated.
When the metal has set, the moulds are opened, and the cast shoes removed there-
from. The shoes are then submitted to an annealing process, by means of which they
are toughened, and rendered malleable & suitable for use. .
Dated this 5th day of June 1889.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in the Manufacture of Horse-shoes and in Apparatus
therefor.
I, JAMES VERNON, of Newton Stewart, Scotland, Upholsterer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to provide for the manufacture of horse shoes
complete in one operation, with the view to obviate the necessity of making separately
the nail holes, clips, calkins, or other recesses or projections which may be required.
In carrying out my invention, I avail myself of the process of casting and annealing
iron and steel, and I employ a mould which will enable me to produce, by casting, a
shoe of the form required in a single operation, which may be afterwards rendered fit
for use by the well known annealing process.
The mould constructed according to my invention is illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, whereof :-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 an end view, looking in the direction of the
arrow (Fig. 1). Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the mould mounted in a block, and
Fig. 4 is a detail in plan to be presently described. Fig. 4º is a side elevation of the
mould, slightly modified. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a machine consisting of set of
moulds mounted on a rotating annular table, and a receiver from whence the molten
metal is poured into the moulds.
The mould or chill is preferably of cast metal, which may be lined with fire clay,
asbestos, plumbago, or other suitable lining material, if required. It is of two parts,
a stationary back part A, and movable front part or cover A¹. The back part A is by
preference recessed to the form of the casting, and the cover A' is plain, save for the
depression for the toe clip of the shoe, and recesses for anti-concussion pads, if used.
Between the two parts of the mould is the runner hole B, for admitting the molten
metal.
The stationary or back part A of the mould, which may be set in a metal block, as
indicated in Fig. 3, or mounted on an annular rotating table (see Fig. 5), carries a
pair of guide rods CC, whereon the cover A' slides.
Behind the back part A is mechanism which operates a group of cores or plugs d,
passing through the said part A to form the nail holes in the casting.
This operating mechanism is carried on guide rods EE secured to the plate A, and
consists of a plate D, to the face of which the cores or plugs d are pivotted, and
lugs dd, by means of which, and the cams on the spindle F, working in slots in
the said lugs (see Fig. 4), the cores d are advanced and retired.
The spindle F turns in a bearing carried by the crosshead e on the guide rods EE,
and is provided with a key or lever F¹ for rotating it.
eel are compression springs between the cross-head e and the plate D, for pressing
the latter towards the mould, and holding the cores d in the position shown in the
drawing.
H. is a locking lever pivotted centrally of the cover A', and arranged to engage
with the heads of pins a* a*, carried by the back part A, and passing through the
cover A¹.
I is a horizontally sliding chisel carried by the back part A of the chill, for cutting
off the runner from the casting. It is a lever for rotating the vertical shaft i, upon
the end of which is the cam i for operating the chisel I.
J is a lever which may be pivotted to the mould support (see Fig. 3), and
employed to disengage the locking lever H, when it is desired to open the
mould.
In mounting the moulds, a space is preferably left in the supporting block or
table for a heated iron (see Fig. 3) to warm the mould before being used, or the
moulds may be more fully jacketted if desired.

page_text: To cast a shoe of a given size, the mould of the proper dimensions is taken,
and closed as illustrated; the molten metal poured into the runner hole B flows
all around the nail hole cores, and fills up the mould. Just before the metal sets,
the chisel I is advanced to strike off the runner above the toe of the shoe. After the
metal has set, the mould is opened by releasing the locking lever and withdrawing
the cover; the cores d are then drawn back clear of the casting by the plate D,
and cam shaft operating the same. The casting will thus be allowed to fall from
the mould onto the ground, whence it is removed to the annealing furnace, to be
submitted to the toughening process, which will render it fit for use.
The moulds may be used separately if desired, but by preference, a set or sets of
moulds are arranged together in a bench or table, in such a way, however, that
they may be removed, and others substituted when different forms and sizes of shoe
are desired to be made; the machine illustrated at Fig. 5 is so arranged.
Z is a block of brick-work or masonry carrying on its summit a receiver Y for
containing molten metal from the furnace. XX are rollers mounted in brackets
upon the lower part of the brick-work, upon which rollers moves the rotating annular
carriage W. V is a winch handle for intermittently rotating the carriage W by
means of the pinion in gear with the rack on the under side of the said carriage.
The moulds are dropped into recesses in the carriage W, and are brought in
succession beneath the trough y of the receiver Y. The handle V and pinion v
are preferably so arranged with regard to the distance apart of the moulds, that
one rotation will suffice to advance the carriage one mould. The winch handle is
preferably a spring one, provided with a catch to hold the mould in position in the
manner illustrated (Fig. 5).
The back part A of the mould is, as has been described, preferably pierced to
permit the passage of the group of cores for the nail holes, but in some cases such
cores may be superseded by separated cores-inserted by hand-in-the-mould-in-the
proper positions, after the manner illustrated at fig. 4º, which shows the mould and
a tapered core-detached. These cores may be afterwards picked or hammered out-of
the casting in any convenient way. In any case, The holes pierced in the mould will
form guides for the inclination of the cores, and will thus ensure the proper inclination
of the nail holes in the shoe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of manufacturing horse shoes complete as herein before described,
consisting in casting the shoes by means of the machine hereinbefore described in chills
containing nail-hole cores properly arranged according to the natural angle of the
hoof, and afterwards submitting the castings to the annealing process for toughening
them and rendering them fit for use.
2. In moulds for manufacturing horse shoes complete, the combination of no
stationary back-part A, movable cover A', and nuil hole cores d, all arranged and
operating substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
3. In moulds for manufacturing horse shoes, the combination with a back part A
and cover A', and nail hole cores d, of a chisel, as I, for cutting-off the runner
from the casting.
4. 2. The machine for manufacturing horse shoes substantially as described and
illustrated at fig. 5 of the drawings.
T
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.