IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING, BOILING, CLEANING, AND BLEACHING DAGO DADDIOS AND THE TILE SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Fourdrinier, of 12, Sherborne Street,
Islington, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING, BOILING, CLEANING, AND BLEACHING
DAGO DADDIOS AND THE TILE SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Fourdrinier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
June 1854.
I, JOSEPH FOURDRINIER, of 12, Sherborne Street, Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING, BOILING, CLEANING, AND BLEACHING RAGS, FABRICS,
AND TEXTILE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of constructing a vessel, by preference of a cylin-
drical form, closed at each end, and mounted on hollow axles. On the interior,
near each end, is fixed a sieve of fine wire cloth, or other suitable matter.
The vessel is provided with a man-hole or man-holes, for charging and dis-
charging the materials into and from the vessel. To the two hollow axles of
the vessel a pipe with branches is connected, by which water or washing or
dyeing liquids can be caused to flow into either end of the vessel and away
at the other end. In the interior of the vessel are a number of spheres, which,
by the rotation of the vessel, cause the matters under process to be beaten
and pressed; and in order to cause the fluids to boil, steam pipes or a jacket,
or both, are used.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Fourdrinier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th December 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPII
FOURDRINIER, of 12, Sherborne Street, Islington, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Fourdrinier, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Fourdrinier,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Fourdrinier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVECENTO IN MACHINERY FOR
WASHING, BOILING, CLEANING, AND BLEACHING RACE, FABRICE, AND TEXTILE Sup-
STANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Fourdri-
nier, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Fourdrinier, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):-
:-
This Invention consists of constructing a vessel, by preference of a cylin-
drical form, closed at each end, and mounted on hollow axles. On the interior,
near each end, is fixed a sieve of fine wire cloth, or other suitable matter.
The vessel is provided with a man-hole or man-holes, for charging and dis-
charging the materials into and from the vessel. To the two hollow axles of
the vessel a pipe with branches is connected, by which water or washing or
lyeing liquids can be caused to flow into either end of the vessel and away
at the other end. In the interior of the vessel are a number of spheres, which,
by the rotation of the vessel, cause the matters under process to be beaten

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
lescribe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING."
The Drawing shews a longitudinal section of a machine constructed ac-
cording to my Invention. a, a, are two fixed hollow axes, on which the vesse
bis caused to revolve; it is preferred that this vessel should be cylindrical, but
it is not essential that it should be truly cylindrical. On the interior of the
vessel bare fixed two end plates c, c, of wire cloth, or of perforated plates:
The hollow axes a, a, descend down to the lowest position, so that clean wate
may be admitted and dirty water taken away, and afterwards the steam
may be conducted below the water or fluid contained in the vessel b. In the
interior of the vessel are fixed three, or it may be other number of, radial
shelves or ledges d, but that three such shelves or ledges is the most con-
venient number. These shelves or ledges are each made about eight or nine
inches wide, and are fixed at the outer circumference, and their object is to
carry up the spheres or beaters c, e, e, and to allow them to fall off when the
shelves or leges are moving upwards, and they thus beat and roll on the rags
or other matters which for the time being are in the vessel b. There are to
be one or more man-holes f, according to the size of the vessel b, for the pur-"
pose of introducing the rags or other substances into and taking them from
the vessel b. The ends of the vessel b are closed, and the ends have hollow
axes, with stuffing boxes g, g, and the hollow axes of the vessel 6 turn in bearings
h, h. On one end of the axes of the vessel 6 is fixed a cog-wheel i, to which
rotary motion is communicated by a pinion, driven by a steam engine or other
power. is a pipe, by which water or other fluid is supplied to the vessel b,
there being slides k, k, by which the supply of water or fluid can be shut off
when steam is admitted; 1, 1, are outlets from the branches j' of the pipes j,
and there are weighted safety valves to act when steam is admitted into the
vessel b. By the arrangement of the pipe j, branches j', and slides k, it will
be evident that water or fluid may be constantly admitted at one end and
allowed to run off at the other, and the end at which the supply and running
off shall take place may be changed from time to time. m is an air vent, to
let off air from the vessel b, and the vessel 6 is emptied of its fluids. At the
cocks n, n, steam is admitted by pipes at o, o, at either end of the vessel b,
and when the steam is admitted to heat and boil the water or other fluid in

page_text: the vessel b, the further supply of the water or other fluid is to be stopped
and the outlets closed.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the precise details herein shown and described, nor do I claim any of the
parts separately; but what I claim is, the combined apparatus herein described
for washing, boiling, cleaning, and bleaching rags, fabrics, and textile substances.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Fourdrinier, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
JNO. ALCOCK.
JOSEPH FOURDRINIER. (LS.)