IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE LIQUORS PRODUCED IN THR-MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE, AND IN SEPARATING NICKEL, COBALT, AND COPPER FROM -LIQUIDS CONTAINING THEM IN COMBINATION WITH MANGANESE AND IRON.
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Knowles Muspratt; of Liverpool, and
Balthasar Wilhelm, Gerland, Ph. D., of 46, Lloyd-Street, Greenheys,
Manchester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE
LIQUORS PRODUCED IN THR-MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE, AND IN SEPARATING
NICKEL, COBALT, AND COPPER FROM -LIQUIDS CONTAINING THEM IN COMBINATION
WITH MANGANESE AND IRON."..
Scaled the 27th November 1857, -and-dated-the 5th June 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Knowles Muspratt
and Balthasar Wilhelm Gerland at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents. -with their Pelition, on the 5th June 1857.
We, EDMUND KNOWLES MUSPRATT, of Liverpool, and -BALTHASAR WILHELM
GERLAND, Ph. D. of 46 Lloyd Street, Greenheys, Manchester. do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE
LIQUORS PRODUCED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE, AND IN SEPARATING NICKEL,
COBALT, AND COPPER FROM LIQUIDS CONTAINING THEM IN COMBINATION WITH MAN-
GANESE AND IRON." to be as follows:-
This Invention is more particularly applicable to the separation of nickel,
cobalt, copper, and oxide of manganese from manganese ores. These ores
are now frequently used in the manufacture of chlorine, and by this process
the ore is brought into a soluble state. In order to separate the nickel,
cobale and copper, we take the liquid as, it runs from the chlorine still, and
having brought all the metals into complète solution. we add carbonate of
lime to precipitate the iron, which is then separated by filtration, or the iron
may be separated by evaporating the solution and calcining the residue and
[Price 8d.]

page_text: re-dissolving all that remains soluble.
From the filtrate or clear solution
copper is separated by adding sulphuretted hydrogen and again filtering; the
solution now contains nickel, cobalt, and manganese; to this sulphuret of
calcium or other sulphuret is added, by which the nickel, cobalt, and part
of the manganese is rendered insoluble. From this insoluble precipitate
the manganese is dissolved out by weak muriatic acid, leaving the mixed
sulphurets of nickel and cobalt, from which the two metals are obtained by
processes now- in use; or the cobalt and nickel may be separated by preci-
pitating with oxalate of lime. The manganese is separated from its solution
by the addition of lime, which throws it down as protoxide; this may be
converted into peroxide and again used in the manufacture of chlorine.
In a similar manner to that above described nickel, cobalt, and copper may
be separated from other ores or substances which contain them in combination
with manganese and iron.-
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edmund Knowles Muspratt and Balthasar Wilhelm Gerland
in the Great Seal. Patent Office on the 3rd December 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDMUND
KNOWLES MUSPRATT, of Liverpool, and BALTHASAR WILHELM GERLAND, Ph. D.,
of 46, Lloyd Street, Greenheys, Manchester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord Oue
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Edmund Knowles Muspratt and Balthasar Wilhelm Gerland, Her
special licence that we, the said Edmund Knowles Muspratt and Balthasar
Wilhelm Gerland, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Edmund Knowles Muspratt, and Balthasar Wilhelm Gerland,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE LIQUORS
PRODUCED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE, AND IN SEPARATING NICKEL, COBALT,
AND COPPER FROM LIQUIDS CONTAINING THEM IN COMBINATION WITH MANGANESE AND
IRON," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the. said Edmund Knowles

page_text: Muspratt and Balthasar Wilhelm Gerland, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us, or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I. the said Balthasar Wilhelm Gerland, on behalf
of myself and the said Edmund Knowles Muspratt, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:
This Invention is more particularly applicable for the separation of nickel,
cobalt, and copper, and oxide of manganese, from manganese ores; such ores
are now frequently used in the manufacture of chlorine, and by this process
the ore is brought into solution. From this solution we separate the iron as
peroxide by means of carbonate of lime or other suitable substance, and then
filter or decant the solution from the precipitate. The iron may also be
separated by evaporating the liquor and calcining the residue, with care not to
raise the temperature so as to decompose the salts of cobalt, nickel, and man-
ganese, which are afterwards dissolved in water. If this solution should not
be quite free from iron, the remainder of it may be separated by the above-
described method. The clear liquor, which is now free from iron, contains
copper, cobalt, nickel, and manganese,, from which the copper can be separated
by means of sulphuretted hydrogen gas, which throws it down as insoluble
sulphuret of copper; and nickel and cobalt are separated by a partial precipi-
tation. Several substances will serve this purpose, such as oxalate of lime and
other oxalates and carbonates, but the use of sulphurets is preferable. The
sulphurets of the alkalies or alkaline earths, or sulphurets of manganese, are
likewise applicable. We use a solution of the impure sulphuret of calcium as
obtained in the manufacture of soda, and known as soda waste, with advantage.
This solution is added to the liquor until all the nickel and cobalt-is precipi-
tated, which is easily ascertained by the colour of the precipitate, as the
sulphurets of nickel and cobalt are black, and the sulphuret of manganese
light coloured. In case sulphuret of manganese is found mixed with the
sulphurets of cobalt and nickel, the former can be at once re-dissolved by
adding muriatic acid or some other acid.
It is not essential to our Invention to separate the copper first by means
of sulphuretted hydrogen; it is, moreover, more convenient for large bulks of

page_text: liquor to leave this metal in the liquor, and to obtain it mixed with the cobalt
and nickel precipitate. From this precipitate, after separating it from the
solution, cobalt and nickel can be obtained by processes now in use. If the
liquor was not free from iron when the sulphuret was added, this metal will
be found in the precipitate of nickel and cobalt, with a certain quantity of
manganese, all as sulphurets, and the attempt to re-dissolve the sulphurets of
iron and manganese with acid will be ineffectual. In this case the precipitate
is separated from the solution and dissolved in strong acid, better after being
roasted, the iron oxidized to peroxide, and then this solution is to be subjected
to the described process, by which, when proper care is taken, the sulphurets
of cobalt and nickel are obtained free from iron and manganese. The liquor
which is separated from the first precipitate of cobalt and nickel contains all
or almost all the manganese, and this can be separated by lime as protoxide,
and may be converted into peroxide and again used in the manufacture of
chlorine or for other purposes.
Nickel, cobalt, and copper may be separated in a similar manner to that
above described from other substances which contain them in combination
with manganese and with iron. If the substance contains copper, bismuth,
or other metals which are precipitated by sulphuretted hydrogen gas in any
considerable quantity, it will be advantageous to separate these first from the
acidulated solution with this gas, and then to oxidize the iron in the drained-
off solution, and proceed with it as described above.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that what we claim is, the
separation of nickel and cobolt from the manganese liquor produced in the
manufacture of chlorine as above described; and also the separation of nickel
and cobalt from other substances containing them in combination with iron
and manganese, by the process as described above.
In witness whereof, I, the said Balthasar Wilhelm Gerland, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
BALTHASAR WILHELM GERLAND, PH.D. (..S.)
Witness,
CHARLES FREDERICK CLAUS.