IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Baptiste Teil, of Bordeaux, France, Umbrella
Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS."
Sealed the 29th May 1860, and dated the 30th November 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Baptiste Teil at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th November 1859.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE TEIL, of Bordeaux, France, Umbrella Maker, do hereby
5 declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in applying longitudinally to each rib of umbrellas or
parasols under the silk or other covering a piece of stout wire fixed thereto
with both ends, which wire, on opening the umbrella, may assume a proper
bend and extend to the required distance on each side of that point of the rib
where the stretcher is connected to this latter; by this means the stress, which
in an open umbrella is exerted principally on that said point of the ribs is
removed partly to the points where the ends of the above wire are fixed to
the rib.
15 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Baptiste Teil in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
BAPTISTE TEIL, of Bordeaux, France, Umbrella Maker, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jean Baptiste Teil, Her special licence that I, the said Jean
Baptiste Teil, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Jean Baptiste Teil, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times.
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean Baptiste Teil, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Baptiste Teil, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the annexed Drawing forming part of this
Specification, and to the letters placed on the parts of the Figure.
The improvement consists in placing a double fork piece horizontally along
and under each whalebone or metal rib, the centre of the double fork piece
to be immediately at the place where the rods or supports are attached to the
whalebone or metal rib, the ends of the double forked piece being attached to
the metal or whalebone rib. The effect of this improvement will be to add
greatly to the resisting power of the rib, by causing it to present a greater
resisting space to the wind or other shock. The umbrella or parasol, as now
constructed, when open and acted upon by the wind, resists only at that part
of the rib where the supporting rod is attached to it, but by this improvement
a surface of from four to nine inches (according to the size of the parasol or
umbrella) would receive and resist the pressure.
The Drawing represents, in part, the skeleton of an umbrella. a is the
stick; b, the whalebone or metal rib; c, the supporting rod; d, the double
forked piece attached at d' and (passing through the fork of c) at d². When
the umbrella is closed, the piece d lies close inside the rib 6; when open, it

page_text: forms, as shewn, the segment of a circle, firmly supporting (being assisted by
the rod c at the centre) the whole area from d¹ to d³.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying it into practical effect, I would have it distinctly understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise details herein described and shewn, as such
may be varied without at all departing from the principle of my Invention;
as, for instance, in metal skeletons, the supporting rod being fixed close to the
ribs, having little or no fork, in such case the piece d may be made slotted or
open in the centre, and so allow the rod c to pass and move within it; but
what I do claim as of my Invention is, the piece d fitted to the rib b of
umbrellas and parasols, forming, when so fitted, an extra stay and resisting
area to the force of wind or other shocks.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Baptiste Teil, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
JEAN BTE. TEIL. (L.S.)
Witness,