Improvements in or relating to Fastening Devices for Garments or other Articles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 1st Apr., 1899
Improvements in or relating to Fastening Devices for Garments
or other Articles.
A communication from EMMA MARKIE, of 156, Bell Avenue, Cleveland, Cuyahoga
County, Ohio, U.S.A., Dressmaker, and ELIZABETH SEELYE ARMS, of 370,
Amesbury Avenue, Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States of
America, Housekeeper.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of London,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention is for a hook and eye for fastening garments or other articles.
Its object is to provide such fastening in a form which shall be very simple
and cheap in construction and at the same time very efficient in service, while
the necessity of sewing the fastening upon the fabric is obviated.
The invention consists, as to one part, of a hook formed of two pieces of wire,
one of which, is bent into a U or hook shape having two projecting ends, and
the other of which is bent round the first and preferably forms a guard preventing
the escape of the eye, and also has two projecting ends whereby there are four
projecting ends which are adapted to extend through the material, and, being
bent down, fasten the hook thereto. The eye consists likewise of two pieces of
wire, one bent in the form of a loop and the other twisted around the first and
extending across the base of the loop and the four projecting ends providing means
for securing it to the fabric.
The invention is hereinafter described more in detail and its essentials specified
in the claims.
The drawings clearly show the improved hook and eye. Figure 1 is a perspective
view of the same; Figure 2 is a side elevation, the latter figure showing the
fastening in place on the meeting edges of a suitable fabric; and Figure 3 is a
perspective view of a slightly modified form of the hook.
As stated, each portion of the fastening is composed of but two pieces of wire.
In the hook these pieces are designated A and B respectively. The piece of
wire A is doubled back on itself at its middle, and the two plies of wire lying
contiguous are bent into the U-shape shown. At the extremity of the under or
shank portion a¹ of this U-shaped bend, the two ends diverge from each other,
and each is twisted around the wire B and then has its free end projecting down-
ward or backward, i.e., at substantially right angles to the general plane of the
hook as shown at a².
The other wire B is bent at its middle portion into two parallel plies b, which
lie on opposite sides of the shank a¹, formed by the wire A, the bend passing under
or on the back side of the shank, and the parallel plies lying on the outside
thereof and bending forward toward the point of the hook and then backward,
as shown at 6, whereby the throat of the hook is choked to a sufficient extent

page_text: J
to prevent the eye accidentally passing out of the hook. When the wire B
meets the outward flare of the wire A at the end of the shank of the hook, the two
wires are twisted about each other as shown, and then the wire B extends rear-
ward as shown at 62 a suitable distance, substantially in "the general plane of
the hook, and then is bent substantially at right angles forming the free
prongs 63 63. The four prongs a² a³ ³ ³ are adapted to extend through the
fabric and secure the hook thereto, by being bent back on the fabric, as is
illustrated in Figure 2, where E designates the fabric of the article to be
fastened, whatever it may be
12 41.
1
T'he eye
is likewise formed of two wires. These are designated C and D. The
wire C is bent in the form of a loop c at its middle. portion. At the base of the
loop it flares outward in each direction, twists around the wire D, extends rear-
ward substantially parallel with the loop as at c¹ c¹ and then has its free ends
bent downward at substantially right angles, as at c² c². The wire D extends
across the base of the loop c as at d, then each end twists around the corresponding
ply of the wire C and then extends downward forming the free prongs d¹. Thus
four prongs d¹ d¹ c² ² are formed which are adapted to secure the eye to the
fabric.
The free ends of the hook and eye being cut off diagonally as shown, the wire
may easily puncture the fabric to which the device is to. be secured. Thus no
sewing is necessary and the prongs are simply forced through the fabric and bent
back upon it as shown in Figure 2.
The form of the hook shown in Figure 3 is different from that shown in the
other figures, in that the wire B passes over the two wires constituting the
shank of the hook near the point of said hook, and this part 65 of the wire is
bent upward slightly so as to so far reduce the size of the mouth of the hook
that the eye can be passed into or drawn out of said mouth only by the application
of sufficient force to slightly bent either the hook or the projection 65. In other
respects the hook shown in Figure 3 is like that shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. A hook or eye composed of two pieces of wire one doubled back upon itself
and forming an engaging end and having the two ends of the wire bent at
substantially right angles to the general plane of the hook or eye, and the other
wire twisted about such doubled back portion of the first wire, and having pro-
jecting ends, the four ends of the two wires being substantially parallel and
forming fastening prongs, substantially as described.
2. A hook composed of two pieces of wire, one bent.back upon itself, and the
double ply thus formed bent in a U-shape forming the point and the shank of
the hook, and the free ends of the the wire projecting at substantially right
angles to the general plane of the hook, and the other piece extending across
the said shank of the hook and being twisted about each ply of the other wire at
the end of the shank, said second wire extending toward the point of the hook
and thus choking the entrance thereto, and having its free ends extending at
substantially right angles to the general plane of the hook, whereby four free
projecting ends are provided, substantially as described.
3. A hook composed of two pieces of wire, one bent back upon itself and the
double ply thus formed bent in a U-shape, and the wires then flaring and
extending along in the general plane of the hook and then bent at substantially
right angles thereto, and the other piece bent into two substantially parallel
plies and lying on the outside of the shank of the hook and bent upward to
choke the entrance of the hook, then bent downward and being twisted about
the flaring portion of the other wire and having its free ends projecting at sub-
stantially right angles to the general plane of the hook, substantially as
described.

page_text: 4. An eye composed of a wire bent in the form of a loop and having its free
ends projecting at substantially right angles to the general plane of the eye,
and another wire extending across the base of the loop and twisted about each
ply of the first mentioned wire and having its free ends projecting at substantially
right angles to the general plane of the eye, substantially as described.
5. An eye composed of a wire bent into the form of a loop c, then flaring out-
wards and extending along approximately in the plane of the eye and then pro-
jecting at substantially right angles to that plane, and the wire D) extending
across the base of the loop and being twisted about the wire C at each of its
flaring portions and having its free ends d projecting downward substantially at
right angles to the plane of the eye, substantially as described.
Dated this 14th day of February 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.