IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND COLLECTING GROWING CROPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE GENERALLY AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR BOLTS AND NUTS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Taylor Yull, of Neutra, in the Kingdom
of Hungary, at present residing at Bedford, in the Connty of
Bedford, Agriculturalist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND COLLECTING GROWING CROPS,
PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE GENERALLY AS A SUBSTITUTE
FOR BOLTS AND NUTS."
Sealed the 9th March 1875, and dated the 10th September 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by, the said George Taylor Yull
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 10th September 1874..
I, GEORGE TAYLOR YULL, of Neutra, in the Kingdom of Hungary,
at present residing at Bedford, in the County of Bedford, Agricul-
turalist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND COLLECTING
GROWING CROPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE GENERALLY AS A
SUBSTITUTE FOR BOLTS AND NUTS," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates partly to certain improvements on the reaping

page_text: and mowing machines described in the Specification of the Patent,
No. 771, A.D. 1871, and consists in the first place in the appli-
cation and use to and in self-delivery reapers of six or more rotatory
rakes or beaters; which arrangement is specially applicable when
cutting laid down or short grain, where a rapid succession of rakes or
beaters is required. These rakes can be regulated so as that one, any,
all, or none of them will act as rakes or beaters, and this I accomplish
by means of self-acting clips and lug, without the aid of springs, on any
part of the rake cam. Or I make the said cam moveable or adjustable ;
or I cause the rake arms to turn or swivel in their sockets, whereby the
rake arms and blades are brought into a horizontal position, and so pass
over the platform without raking.
I also make the sockets for the rake arms of reaping machines of
tubular iron, and place the cam roller concentric upon such tube, which
in fact forms the axis of the said roller.
In order to facilitate the cutting of laid down grain or grass I apply
a a special forked reel or flyer in front of the ordinary rakes, recls, and
beaters for raising up and bringing the laid grain or grass to the
knives.
I also employ in a peculiar manner a toothed sliding clutch for the
purpose of throwing the machine into or out of gear. This clutch
slides to and fro by means of a lever on the boss of the main driving
wheel, between that wheel and the small bevel pinion which gives the
first motion, by which arrangement I obviate the inconvenience of the..
first motion or spur wheel being in motion or gear when the machine is
simply travelling and not cutting.
In order to dispense in some cases with bolts and nuts, which are
liable to become useless when subjected to rough usage, I employ in
substitution therefor a cranked pin in connection with wedge-shaped
washers and a toothed catch or pin, to retain the said cranked pin in its
position when tightened up. In using this arrangement the cranked
pin is passed through the parts to be united (for example, when coupling
together the bearings or brackets to the frame of the machine), the hole
through which the nose or end of the cranked pin passes being..
elongated. By turning the cranked pin on the wedge-shaped washers a
I am thus enabled to couple together any two parts in a firmer, more
durable, and simpler manner, than by the ordinary bolts and nuts. This

page_text: are usually employed.
With a view to reduce the wear and tear of the friction between the
connecting rod and slide used to retain the connecting rod in the eye of
the knife I employ an antifriction roller placed either in the slide itself
or in the connecting rod. Or I connect and retain the connecting rod
with and in the eye of the knife by a tongue catch acted on by a spring,
whereby I dispense entirely with the use of the slide.
With a view to obviate the concussion arising from travelling over
rough roads, ground, or furrows, instead of rigidly securing the lever
and lugs which carry the body of the machine on the main axle by pins
or bolts, I propose to employ a spring catch or link which will yield to
any concussion acting thereon.
In order to allow the knife with the horizontal throw of crank to cut
on an incline or decline (as in cutting over ridge and furrow), I
connect the said knife to the connecting rod by means of a ball-and-
socket. joint, the same arrangement being equally applicable to
mowers.
I also propose to apply a two-wheeled carriage to reapers and mowers,
either in combination or not with the horizontal throw of the crank, in
which case I place the cutter bar in front of the axle or circumference
of the driving wheel or wheels, one of which wheels may be larger than
the other, or both may be of the same size. The said cutter bar and
platform are moreover secured to the ends of a cross bar, which is
allowed to swivel freely in both directions on the main axle, thus...
allowing the cutter bar platform and rakes to accomodate themselves to
the unevenness of the ground independently of the two driving wheels,
and also allowing of the tilting of the cutter bar in cases of laid down or
short grain, as well as allowing for folding up for transport, without the.
use of the small or grain wheel and an additional axle.
I further propose to make the cutter bars of reaping and mowing
machines of a section, composed cither of a single plate doubled
to the form required, in which case the fingers are attached by bolts and
nuts, as at present, or two plates may be used secured together in the
form, and at the same time made to clip and secure the fingers >
between them by means of the peculiar cranked pins herein-before">
1

page_text: described, thus dispensing with the use of bolts and nuts to cach separate :
finger as heretofore.
Another feature of my Invention is a "to-and-again" or "to-and-fro"
reaping or mowing machine having the horizontal throw of the crank, '
to which I apply either a double bladed or two-edged knife or blades 5'
mounted on an endless band, chain, or other similar appliance.
c
In some cases I use a finger having a straight side or edge, and I...
use either a reversible platform connected to the draw.bar or pole, so
that it is self-acting whichever way the machine is cutting.
In some cases I use rakes, so as to deliver in sheaves; at other times 10
I use rollers or screws with webbing, to deliver in swathes; and in,
each or any case I apply a binder to the herein-before described
machines.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, :
filed by the said George Taylor Yull in the Great Seal Patent 1
Office on the 9th March 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
TAYLOR YULL, of Neutra, in the Kingdom of Hungary, at present
residing at Bedford, in the County of Bedford, Agriculturalist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Taylor Yull, Her special
license that I, the said George Taylor Yull, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Taylor Yull,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING, AND COLLECTING

page_text: GROWING CROPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE GENERALLY AS A
SUBSTITUTE FOR BOLTS AND NUTS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said George Taylor Yull, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Taylor Yull, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates partly to improvements in the reaping and
mowing machines described in the Specification of Letters Patent
bearing date the 22nd day of March, in the year of our Lord 1871,
No. 771, and illustrated on Sheets 2 and 3 of the Drawings therein
referred to, and partly to certain other improvements in reaping and
mowing machines, one of such improvements being applicable generally
as a substitute for ordinary bolts and nuts.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall
refer to the several Figures on the explanatory Sheets of Drawings here-
unto annexed, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding
parts in all the corresponding Figures.
In self-delivery reapers I employ six or more rotatory rakes, beaters, or
blades, as shown in plan in Figure 1 of my Drawings, which arrange-
ment is specially applicable when cutting laid down and short grain, and
particularly when the machine is travelling in the direction of the wind,
when a rapid succession of rakes, beaters, or blades is required.
A is a revolving cast-iron cross head; B, the jaws for the sockets C of
the rake arms D, which sockets are jointed to the jaws by the pins a.
These rakes can be regulated so as that one, any, all, or none of them
will act as rakes or beaters, as required; and this I accomplish by means'
of self-acting clips and a lug on any part of the rake cam without the

page_text: aid of springs. Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5 are details of this part of my
Invention. E, F, are two clips hinged to the ends of the lug G, which
may be bolted to the plate H or cast in one with the cam I. The clip E
is formed with a tail K (Figures 2 and 3) so that it may be opened, as
shown at Figure 2, by a catch (not shown) on the jaw of the rake arm
preceeding the one which is required to act as a rake; the result is that
the roller L of the following arm (see Figure 4) passes under the lug
and allows the rake to sweep the platform. When the tail K is not
acted upon by a catch the roller will travel over the top of the lug G
(see Figure 5), the rake then acting as a beater only. The clip F will
rise and open to allow the roller L to pass from under the other end
of the lug, and will instantly fall again to form a bearing surface for the
passage over it of the roller of the succeeding arm. The clip E should
of course be held open by the catch on the preceeding jaw during a
sufficient period of time to allow the roller L of the following arm to
enter beneath the lug.
In Figure 4 the roller is shown as travelling underneath the lug, the
arm acting as a rake, but in Figure 5 the roller is shown as travelling
over the top of the lug, the arm then acting as a beater only.
I also in "to-and-fro" machines make the rake cam moveable or 2
adjustable, as shown in plan in Figure 6. I is the cam, having three
slots M, M, M, made therein concentric with the cross head shaft N,
in which slots enter pins O, O, O, fast in the plate H. According as the
cam is turned or adjusted to one or the other end of these slots it will
give a different direction of sweep to the rakes travelling over the 2
platform to suit the direction of travel of the machine.
In Figure 6 the cam is shown as turned back to suit the travel of the
machine in a "roundabout" course from left to right. The same arrange-
ment of lug and clips herein-before described is intended to be applied
to this cam, the lug being cast or forged in one piece therewith. .
In some cases I cause the rake arms to turn or swivel in their sockets,
whereby the said arms and blades are brought into a horizontal position
and so pass over the platform without raking.
Figure 7 is an enlarged detail side elevation of one of the sockets for
the rake arms; Figure 8 is a view of the under side of the said socket.
Figure 9 is a transverse section of the socket and arm.
•
3
3

page_text: from the socket.
Figure 11 is a plan of a guide plate for imparting the swivelling
motion to the arms, and Figure 12 is a side elevation of the same.
C is the socket with its roller L, such socket having a circumferential
slot extending through about one-quarter of the circumference, and
having a notch c at the lower end of the slot. A jointed pin d is
screwed into the arm D and projects through the slot 6 in the tubular
socket, the protruding end of such pin being caused to pass along the
edge of the guide plate P or to enter the guiding slot e (see Figure 11)
made in the guide plate P (see Figure 12), which is intended to be
bolted to the cam plate H (Figure 2).
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-When the jointed pin d
sweeps round with the arm its normal position will be vertical, as shown
in Figures 7 and 9, it being held in that position by being engaged in
the notch c. Whilst describing its circular course the said pin comes in
contact with the guide plate P, which is suitably placed for that purpose,
and its action is regulated by the hinged switch Q (Figure 11) which
guides it into the slot e or allows it to pass along the edge of the guide
plate as required, the said switch being under the control of the atten-
dant. When passing along the side of the guide plate P the pin retains
its vertical position, but when passing along the slot e it encounters the
incline R (Figure 12), and as it rises up this incline the pin is turned
into the horizontal position, shown by dotted lines in Figure 9, at the
same time turning the rake arm with it and causing it to swivel in its
socket through a quarter of a revolution. By this means the rake head
is brought into a horizontal position so as to pass over the platform
without raking.
In order to facilitate the cutting of laid down grain or grass I apply
a special forked recl or flyer in front of the ordinary rakes, reels, and
beaters for raising up and bringing the laid grain or grass to the knives.
Figure 13 shows the position of one of these forked reels or flyers S
with regard to the fingers f of a mowing machine. For reaping or for
raising laid down grass the said flyer will be placed further in advance
of the knife than is shown in Figure 13, in order to allow of the unim-
peded action of the delivery rakes.

page_text: I also employ a peculiar arrangement of toothed sliding clutch for the
purpose of. throwing the machine into or out of gear.. This clutch is
slid to-and-fro (by means of a lever) in the boss of the main driving
wheel, between that wheel and the small bevel pinion which gives the
first motion, by which arrangement I obviate the inconvenience of the
first motion or spur wheel being in motion or gear when the machine is
simply travelling and not cutting. Figure 14 is a longitudinal section
of this arrangement, and Figures 15, 16, 17, and 18, are details thereof.
T is the boss of the main driving wheel, and U the opening for the axle
journal. This boss has a chamber or recess made therein from its inner
face, and has radially disposed clutch teeth g formed in the inner end of
such chamber, from the centre of which projects a long tubular boss V
of reduced diameter, which fits over the axle journal and carries the
bevel pinion W, which is free to turn loosely upon it. Within the
chamber in the main boss works the sliding toothed clutch X, which is
caused to slide to-and-fro along the tubular boss V, but so as never to
leave either the chamber in the main boss T or the bevel pinion W, by
the aid of an ordinary. clutch lever, which engages with the usual
annular groove made in that part of the clutch which projects outside
the chamber or recess, and is situate between the main boss and the
outer face of the bevel pinion W. From the back or outer face of the
sliding clutch X there projects two, three, or more limbs or studs Y, Y,
three being shown in my Drawings (see Figures 17 and 18). These
projecting limbs slide longitudinally within corresponding openings Z, Z,
made in the bevel pinion (see Figure 15). When the clutch is so moved
by the actuating lever as to bring its teeth into gear with those inside
the chamber or recess in the main boss, the bevel pinion W will be
caused to revolve along with the clutch, but when the clutch is moved
outwards sufficiently to disengage the teeth thereof from those in the
bottom of the chamber or recess the said clutch will cease to rotate, and
consequently the bevel pinion will remain stationary.
In order to dispense in some cases with bolts and nuts, which are
liable to become useless when subjected to rough usage, I employ in
substitution therefor the peculiar arrangement shown at Figures 19 and 20
of my Drawings. It consists of a cranked pin / in connection with one
or more wedge-shaped washers i and a toothed catch or pin k on the
washer to retain the said cranked pin in its position when tightened up.
In using this arrangement the cranked pin h is passed through the

page_text: parts 1,, to be held together (which may consist, for example, of
bearings or brackets intended to be secured to the frame of the machine),
the hole through which the nose or enlarged end m of the cranked pin
passes being clongated, as shown in Figure 19. By turning tho bent.
end n of the cranked pin half way or less over the surface of the wedge-
shaped washers I am enabled by reason of the inclined surface of such
washers to clamp or hold together any two parts requiring to be united
in a more durable and simpler manner than by the ordinary bolts and
nuts. This arrangement is obviously applicable in other cases where
bolts and nuts have hitherto been usually employed.
. With a view to reduce the wear and tear of the friction between the
_connecting rod and slide used to retain the connecting rod in the eye of
the knife I employ an antifriction roller placed either in the slide itself
or in the connecting rod; this roller is shown at o in Figures 5, 6,
and 6, p being the connecting rod, q the nose which enters the knife
eye, and a portion of the slide which holds the nose down in its place,
and against which the antifriction roller o rolls. Or I connect and retain
the nose of the connecting rod with and in the eye of the knife by a
spring catch s, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, whereby I dispense
entirely with the use of the slide, as well as the cottar and washer for
retaining the nose of the connecting rod in its place, the said spring
catch being secured by a screw in a recess in the side of the nose, and
engaging into a notch made in the interior of the knife eye, as shown in
Figure 23.
With a view to obviate the concussion arising from travelling over
rough roads, hard ground, or furrows, instead of rigidly securing the
lever and lugs which carry the body of the machine on the main axle by
pins or bolts I propose to employ a spring catch or link, which will yield
.to. any concussion acting thereon. This arrangement is shown in
Figure 24, where t represents a double spiral spring, which connects the
main frame u and the lifting lever v.
I also propose to apply a two-wheeled carriage to reapers and mowers,
either in combination or not with the horizontal throw of the crank in
such a manner as to enable me to place the cutter bar in front of the
5-axle or of the circumference of the driving wheel or wheels, one of

page_text: which wheels may be larger than the other or both may be of the same
size.
Figure 25 (Sheet 2) is a plan; Figure 26 an elevation, and Figure 27,
a section showing the position of the wheels and cutter bars. The full
lines in these Figures show the arrangement when the cutter bar w is in
front of the inside carriage wheel x, the two wheels of the carriage
running opposite one another. The dotted lines show the position of
the cutter bar and inside carriage wheel when the cutter bar is in a line
with the axle y of the large carriage wheel forming the driving wheel,
and the small wheel is placed backward behind the centre by the action
of the cranked axle.
Although I have shown a large and small wheel with cranked axle in
my Drawings, I may also use both wheels of the same size with the
cutter bar in front and attached in the manner which I shall now
proceed to describe. The said cutter bar w and platform z are secured
by the intervention of the bracket arms 1 to the ends of a cross bar 2
which is allowed to swivel-freely in both directions on the main axle in
a bracket or bearing 3, carried by the said axle and free to swivel or
turn thereon, thus allowing the cutter bar w, platform z, and rakes to
accomodate themselves to the unevenness of the ground independently
of the two driving wheels, and also allowing of the tilting of the cutter
bar in case of laid down or short grain, as well as allowing for folding
for transport (as shown by dotted lines ¹, z³, in Figure 26), without the
use of the small or grain wheel, and an additional axle. z¹ (Figure 26)
represents the cutter bar and platform with the brackets 1 turned up on
the swivelling spindle 2. ² represents another mode of folding wherein
the cutter bar and platform are turned on a joint 4 at the lower end of
the bracket, such joint being disconnected when required for folding up
and made rigid again when required for work. The dotted curved
line 5 (Figure 25) shows the sweep of the rakes, and the dotted line at 6
represents the brace for connecting the platform with the rear end of
the swivelling spindle 2, and which also serves as a bearing for the said
platform. 7 is a loose or removeable portion of the platform which is
removed for the purpose of allowing the platform to fold over the top of
the wheel ☞ when being folded or turned up on the joint 4.
The driving gear may consist either of the ordinary spur and bevel
gearing with vertical throw of crank, or it may consist of the special

page_text: before referred to.
I may prefer to use a hollow or open wheel on the inside in two-
wheeled reapers so as to enable me to get the cutter bar in a direct line
to the wheels, & work my connecting rod through the hollow or open
wheel.
I further propose to make the cutter bars of reaping and mowing
machines of a section, composed either of a single plate doubled to
the form required, as shown at w in Figures 28 and 29, in which case
the fingers 8 are attached by bolts and nuts as at present; or two plates
may be used secured together in the form, as shown at w¹, w¹,
(Figures 30 and 31), and at the same time made to clip and secure the
fingers 8 and the front edge of the platform z between them, as shown
in Figure 30, by means of the peculiar cranked pins herein-before
described, thus dispensing with the use of bolts and nuts to each
separate finger as heretofore. The front edge of the platform z in
Figure 28 is also shown as secured between the folded sides. of the
shaped cutter bar, by the aid of the ordinary bolts.
Another feature of my Invention is a to-and-again or to-and-fro
reaping or mowing machine having the horizontal throw of the crank,
to which I apply either a double-bladed knife, as shown at 9 in the
plan view at Figure 6ª (Sheet 1), or a two-edged knife, as shown at 10
in Figure 32; or blades mounted on an endless band, chain, or other
similar appliance, as shown at 11 in the detail, Figure 33.
In some cases I use a finger 8 (see Figure 6ª), having a straight side
or edge, and I use a reversible platform connected to the draw bar or
pole, so that it is self-acting whichever way the machine is cutting.
As occasion may require I sometimes use rakes so as to deliver in
sheaves, at other times I use rollers or screws with webbing to deliver
in "swathes," and in each or any case I may apply a binder to the
herein before described machines.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to

page_text: be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The application and use to and in self-delivery reaping machines
of six or more rotary rakes, beaters, or blades severally jointed or hinged
to the arms of a revolving cross head, and caused to operate substantially
in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described and illustrated
by. Figure 1 of my Drawings.
Secondly. The application and use of self-acting clips and a lug
attached to any convenient part of the rake cam of a self-delivery
reaping machine, and caused to operate on the arms of the rotary rakes, 1
beaters, or blades without the aid of springs, substantially in the manner
and for the purpose herein-before described and illustrated by Figures 2,
3, 4, and 5 of my Drawings.
Thirdly. The making the rake cam adjustable so as to enable the rakes
to be rotated in either direction required for delivering the sheaf,
whereby the reaper may be used either as a right or a left-hand "round-
about" machine or as a "to-and-fro reaper, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by Figure 6 of my Drawings.
"
Fourthly. The causing the arms of the rakes or blades to turn or
swivel in tubular sockets carried by the revolving cross head, sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described and
illustrated by Figures 7 to 12 of my Drawings.
Fifthly. The application and use of a reel, flyer, drum, or other
equivalent revolving appliance when fitted or formed with teeth, forks,
or rakes, and placed in front of the cutter bar of reapers and mowers for
the purpose of raising up or bringing to the cutter bar laid down and
short crops, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by
Figure 13 of my Drawings.
Sixthly. The peculiar arrangement of sliding clutch placed in the
boss of the driving wheel of reapers and mowers, for the purpose of
throwing the machine in or out gear, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated by Figures 14 to 18 of my Drawings.
: Seventhly. The application and use of a cranked or bent pin in
conjunction with one or more wedge-shaped washers provided or not

page_text: nut or screw for holding two surfaces in close contact, substantially as.
herein-before described and illustrated by Figures 19 & 20 of my:
Drawings.
Eighthly. The application and use of an antifriction roller to and in
the connecting rods or the slides of reapers and mowers, substantially as
and for the purpose herein-before described and illustrated by Figures 5,
6, and 6 of my Drawings.
.
Ninthly. The application and use of a spring catch for retaining the
nose of the connecting rod in the eye of the knife, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by Figures 21, 22, & 23, of my
Drawings.
Tenthly. The application and use of a yielding spring catch or link
for holding down or retaining the lifting lever when arranged, sub-
stantially in the manner herein-before described and illustrated by
Figure 24 of my Drawings.
Eleventhly. The connecting the cutter bar and platform of two-
wheeled reaping machines or the cutter bar alone of mowing machines
(when the said cutter bars are placed in front of the running wheels),
to a cross bar or spindle placed at right angles to the main axle, and free
to rock or swivel in a bearing or brackets carried on the said axle,
substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described and
illustrated by Figures 25 & 26 of my Drawings.
Twelfthly. The peculiar constructions and arrangements of cutter
bars of a section for reaping and mowing machines, and the
peculiar mode of securing the fingers to such bars when composed of
two plates, as and for the purposes herein-before described and illustrated
by Figures 28 to 31 of my Drawings.
Thirteenthly. The combination of a double-bladed or a two-edged
reciprocating knife with a horizontal throw crank in to-and-fro reaping
and mowing machines, substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described and illustrated by Figures 6ª & 32 of my Drawings.
Lastly. The combination of blades or cutters mounted on an endless
pitch chain, band, or other similar appliance with a horizontal throw

page_text: .
crank in to-and-fro reaping and mowing machines, substantially as and
for the purposes herein-before described and illustrated by Figure 33 of:
my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Taylor Yull, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this First day of March, in the 5
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
GEO. T.. YULL. (L.S.)
Witness,
EDWIN P. ALEXANDER,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
14, Southampton Buldings,
Chancery Lane.