IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF AZO COLOURING MATTERS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Anthony Dixon, of 175, West George Street,
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF AZO COLOURING MATTERS." A
communication from abroad by Carl Rumpff, of the Firm of Friedrich Bayer
and Company, of Elberfeld, in the Empire of Gerinany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Anthony Dixon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1880.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON, of 175, West George Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
Azo COLOURING MATTERS." [A communication from abroad by Carl Rumpff,
of the Firm of Friedrich Bayer and Company, of Elberfeld, in the Empire
of Germany.]
Taking the diazotised solution obtained according to the directions contained in
the Specification of Letters Patent, Number 1226, granted to Carl Rumpff, and
bearing date the 27th March 1879, from the nitro mono or di sulphonic acids of
any of the hydrocarbons of the group C, H,n-6, or from the solution of the
calcium salts of the amido sulphonic acids of said hydrocarbons derived from the
said nitro sulphonic acids, I mix with the same, in order to obtain azo colouring
matter or dyes therefrom, the solution of one of the hydrocarbons of the aromatic
series (which includes, for example, benzol, toluol, xylol, ethyl benzol, napthalin,
and the like) in which one or more atoms of the hydrogen of the aromatic nucleus
has been substituted by amidogen (NH2), or with the solution of one of the
primary, secondary, or tertiary monamine bases, which may be, and are, according
to certain well known views of chemical theory, considered as constituted by the
replacement of one, two, or three of the typical hydrogen atoms of a single molecule
of ammonia, by one or more monatomic radicles of an aromatic hydrocarbon or
aromatic hydrocarbons (the hydrogen atoms of the ammonia, which are not so
replaced by aromatic radicles, either remaining unsubstituted, or being substituted
by alcohol radicles), or with the solution of a primary, secondary, or tertiary
diamine or polyamine, which may be considered as constituted by the replacement
of two or more of the typical hydrogen atoms of two or more ammonia molecules

page_text: by one or more diatomic or polyatomic residues, rests, or radicles, of an aromatic
bydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbons (whether with or without substitution of
alkyl or other radicles in place of the other hydrogen atoms, not so substituted), or
with the solution of any of the further substitution products of such amidogen
compounds or amines arising from the replacement of the intraradical or nucleal
hydrogen of the aromatic compound with chlorine, bromine, sodine, or the nitro-
sulpho, hydroxyl, or carboxyl groups.
The colouring matter resulting from the mixture of the said solutions may be
either crystallized out directly or precipitated by common salt, and purified by
recrystallization, or by solution and reprecipitation in manner mentioned in said
Specification. Where the colouring matter is precipitated in manner mentioned in
said Specification as a calcium salt not sufficiently soluble in water it should be
transformed into the corresponding sodium salt by boiling it with the proper
quantity of soda.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Anthony Dixon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
May 1880.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON, of 175, West George Street, Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
AZO COLOURING MATTERS." A communication from abroad by Carl Rumpff,
of the Firm of Friedrich Bayer and Company, of Elberfeld, in the Empire
of Germany.
Taking the diazotized solution obtained according to the directions contained in
the Specification of Letters' Patent, Number 1226, granted to Carl Rumpff, and
bearing date the 27th day of March 1879, from the nitro mono- or di-sulphonic
acids of any of the hydrocarbons of the group C, H, n-6, or from the solution of
the calciom salts of the amido sulphonic acids of said bydrocarbons derived from
the said nitro sulphonic acids, I mix with the same, in order to obtain azo colouring
matter or dyes therefrom, the solution of one of the hydrocarbons of the aromatic
series (which includes, for example, benzol, toluol, xylol, ethel-benzol, napthalen,
and the like) in which one or more atoms of the hydrogen of the aromatic nucleus
has been substituted by amidogen (NH³), or with the solution of one of the
primary, secondary, or tertiary monamine bases, which may be, and are, according
to certain well known views of chemical theory, considered as constituted by the
replacement of one, two, or three of the typical hydrogen atoms of a single
molecule of ammonia, by one or more monatonic radicles of an aromatic hydrocarbon
or aromatic hydrocarbons (the hydrogen atoms of the ammonia which are not so
replaced by aromatic radicles either remaining unsubstituted or being substituted
by alcohol radicles), or with the solution of a primary, secondary, or tertiary
diamine or polyamine, which may be considered as constituted by the replacement
of two or more of the typical hydrogen atoms of two or more ammonia molecules
by one or more diatomic or polyatomic residues, rests, or radicles of an aromatic
hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbons (whether with or withć at substitution of
alkyl or other radicles in place of the other hydrogen atoms, not so substituted), or
with the solution of any of the further substition products of such amidogen
compounds or amines arising from the replacement of the intraradical or nucleal
hydrogen of the aromatic compound with chlorine, bromine, iodine, or the nitro
sulpho, hydroxyl, or carboxyl groups.
The colouring matter resulting from the mixture of the said solutions may be
either crystallized out directly or precipitated by common salt, and purified by
recrystallization or by solution and reprecipitation in manner mentioned in said
Specification. Where the colouring matter is precipitated in manner mentioned in
said Specification as a calcium salt not sufficiently soluble in water it should bo
transformed into the corresponding sodium salt, by boiling it with the proper
quantity of soda.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the system, mode, or manner, in or under which the same is or may
be used, or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what
I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,―
The production of azo dyes by acting in manner hereinbefore described or
referred to, on diazotised solutions prepared according to the directions of the said

page_text: Specification of the said Letters Patent, No. 1226, A.D. 1879, with solutions of the
said aromatic amido compounds or amines or their further substitution products
herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Anthony Dixon, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON. (LS.)