Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Smoke and Gaseous Products Escaping from Boiler and other Furnaces.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 2nd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Smoke and Gaseous
Products Escaping from Boiler and other Furnaces.
We, EDWIN WARDLE, of Boyne Engine Works, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer, and JOSEPH HENRY EVERS, of 14 Middleton Crescent, Dewsbury Road,
Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to improved constructions and arrangements of
apparatus for washing smoke, hot gases and products of combustion (hereinafter
referred to as gaseous products) whilst on their way from a furnace to the external
atmosphere, the object being to simplify and cheapen the construction and facilitate
the erection of such apparatus and likewise to enable the maximum washing effect
to be attained with a minimum quantity of water so that comparatively very little
power will be required to supply the necessary water to keep the apparatus in
action.
For this purpose we employ one or more vertical washing tubes provided or each
provided with a number of pairs of hollow perforated truncated cones placed with
their smaller closed ends towards each other, so that the washing water can flow
down the inner surface of the upper cone of each pair and over the outer surface of
the lower cone of each pair, each of the said pairs of cones being separately carried
by suitable lugs or supports above a downwardly and inwardly inclined surface,
formed by an overhanging rib or projection preferably cast in one piece with the
washing tube, and which acts to effectually guide the water flowing over the outer
side of the lowest of a pair of cones into the interior of the upper of the next lower
pair and in this way obviate all liability of the water, after flowing over one cone,
running down the inner surface of the washing tube and thus cease to exert any
further washing action.
To facilitate the erection of the apparatus, and enable it to be made of any
desired height, each washing tube may advantageously be formed in lengths
fitted together by spigot and socket joints, or in some cases by flanges bolted
together.
Smoke washing apparatus provided with washing tubes fitted with perforated
cones such as described, can be constructed and arranged in various forms.
In one arrangement the washing tubes, of which there are several, are carried by
the top of a chamber (hereinafter called for distinction the smoke chamber) the
bottom of which serves as a receptacle for water that has been used for washing the
gaseous products and is provided with an overflow pipe whilst its intermediate
portion is connected with a furnace flue and lower part of a chimney through a
series of horizontal pipes into each of which projects a nozzle through which water
under pressure can be caused to issue, the arrangement being such that the jets of
water issuing from the nozzles will create a draught and so induce the gaseous
products to flow from the furnace flue through the washing apparatus, and will also
aid in washing such products. The upper ends of the washing tubes are connected
to an upper chamber provided with an outlet for washed gaseous products, and with
water supply pipes from which water nozzles provided with baffles extend down into
the washing tubes.
In a modified arrangement, the washing tubes with cones are arranged below the
ɛmoke chamber and are carried by the top of a lower chamber that
provided with

page_text: an outlet for washed gaseous products and is connected with a receptacle for the
impure water escaping from the bottoms of the tubes. In this arrangement the
gaseous, products are led from the smoke chamber by a pipe to an intermediate
chamber arranged between the bottom of the smoke chamber and the upper ends of
the washing tubes, and the water entering the smoke chamber through the horizontal
pipes by which the said chamber is connected with the furnace flue, as in the last
mentioned arrangement, is discharged through nozzles traversing the said
intermediate chamber and entering the upper ends of the tubes.
In another arrangement, the washing tubes are carried by the top of a chamber,
as in the last mentioned arrangement, and are secured at the top to the bottom of a
casing or chamber carried by suitable pillars and provided with water supply pipes
and with a pipe for gaseous products. With this arrangement the gaseous products
can be caused to descend or ascend the washing tubes as may be desired.
The washing water may advantageously be supplied to the top of each washing
tube through a nozzle provided with a baffle or baffles so that the water will issue
within the tube in the form of one or more sheets extending to the inner surface of
the tube and then fall into the upper perforated cone. The water may however be
introduced into the tubes in any other suitable way, as for examples by a rose,
perforated pipe or through a perforated plate arranged either within or above the
upper end of the tube.
One or more suitably arranged steam nozzles or fans, or both, may be provided
for the purpose of sading or increasing the draught of the furnace and the passage
of the gaseous products through the washing apparatus.
Dated this 30th day of March 1894.
Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Smoke and Gaseous
Products Escaping from Boiler and other Furnaces.
We, EDWIN WARDLE, of Boyne Engine Works, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer, and JOSEPH HENRY EVERS, of 14 Middleton Crescent, Dewsbury Road,
Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improved constructions and arrangements of
apparatus for washing smoke hot gases and products of combustion (hereinafter
referred to as gaseous products) whilst on their way from a furnace to the external
atmosphere, the object being to simplify and cheapen the construction and facilitate
the erection of such apparatus and likewise to enable the maximum washing effect
to be attained with a minimum quantity of water so that comparatively very
little power will be required to supply the necessary water to keep the apparatus in
action.
For this purpose we employ one or more vertical washing tubes provided or each
provided with a number of pairs of hollow perforated truncated cones placed with
their smaller closed ends towards each other so that the washing water can flow
down the inner surface of the upper cone of each pair and over the outer surface of
the lower cone of each pair, each of the said pairs of cones being separately carried
by suitable lugs or supports above a downwardly and inwardly inclined surface,
formed by an overhanging rib or projection which is preferably cast in one piece
with the washing tube and acts to effectually guide the water flowing over the outer
side of the lowest of a pair of cones into the interior of the upper of the next lower

page_text: pair and in this way obviate all liability of the water after flowing over one cone,
running down the inner surface of the washing tube and thus ceasing to exert any
further washing action.
To facilitate the erection of the apparatus, and enable it to be readily made of
any desired height, each washing tube may advantageously be formed in lengths
fitted together by spigot and socket joints, or in some cases by flanges bolted
together.
Smoke washing apparatus provided with washing tubes fitted with perforated
cones such as described, can be constructed and arranged in various forms.
In the accompanying illustrative drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of one arrangement of apparatus constructed according
to this invention, shown connected with the flue of a furnace;
Fig. 2 is an end view, partly in vertical section on the line of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 is a vertical section, to a larger scale, showing a portion of a washing
tube with a pair of hollow truncated perforated cones therein.
1 is a metal casing or chamber (hereinafter called the smoke chamber) to the top
of which is secured a tube plate 2 carrying a number of vertical washing tubes 3 in
the upper part of each of which is arranged a depending water nozzle 4 provided
with a lower fixed baffle plate 5 and carried by a water supply pipe 6 that is con-
nected by an external water pipe, or pipes 6ª with a tank or other suitable source of
water supply. Each tube 3 is provided below its water nozzle 4 and baffle plate 5
with a series of independent pairs of hollow perforated truncated cones 7 each closed
at its smaller end, the upper cone of each pair being inverted as shown so that the
washing water will flow down its inner surface and over the outer surface of the
lower cone of the pair which rests upon lugs or projections 3* extending inwardly
from a rib or shoulder 3 on the inner side of the tube 3. The perforations in the
cones 7 are shown as of circular form, but they may obviously be of other form, for
example square or rectangular. Each annular rib or shoulder 3ª (which is
preferably cast in one piece with the length of tube 3 carrying it) is made with a
downwardly and inwardly inclined upper surface as shown more clearly in Fig. 3,
so as to overlap the top edge of the perforated cone 7 below it and thus direct the
washing water into that cone for the purpose herein before mentioned.
As will be seen the arrangement is such that the washing water will be caused
to flow downward in a zigzag direction first through one cone and then over the
next and so on, so as to more or less close the holes in the cones whilst the gaseous
products will flow in the opposite direction with the result that they will become
effectually washed.
In the example now being described, there are four washing tubes 3, each
consisting of several lengths of pipe connected together by spigot and socket joints,
for the purpose herein before mentioned. To the upper ends of the tubes 3 is
secured a casing 8 on which are secured the water pipes 6, 6ª and from which the
washed gaseous products are led by a pipe 8°. The lower portion of the smoke
chamber 1 serves as a receptacle for water that has been used for washing the
gaseous products, and is provided with an outlet 1ª through which the used water
can either be run off to any desired place, or be pumped back into the pipes 6, 6ª
for re-use.
The intermediate portion of the smoke chamber 1 is shown in this arrangement
as connected with the furnace flue 9 and the lower part 10 of a chimney by a series
of horizontal tubes 11, a casing 12, and a connecting flue 13, and gaseous products
are induced to flow through the connected passages and washing apparatus by a
series of water jets projected into the tubes 11 from nozzles 16 that are connected
to a pipe 17 to which water under pressure is supplied. This draught inducing
apparatus which in itself forms no part of our present invention, also serves to
effect a preliminary washing of the gaseous products passing therethrough. Within
the chimney 10 is a valve or damper 18 by opening which the gaseous products
can, when desired, be passed direct into the external atmosphere. 19 is a nozzle
through which a jet of exhaust or live steam can be caused to issue for the

page_text: purpose of aiding or increasing the draught of the furnace and the passage of the
gaseous products through the washing apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 1, showing a modified arrangement of apparatus
according to this invention in which the washing tubes 3 with hollow perforated
truncated cones 7 and inclined deflecting surfaces 3ª are arranged below the smoke
chamber 1, and are carried by a tube plate 20 that forms the top of a chamber 21
provided with an outlet pipe 22 for the washed gaseous products and with an
outlet 23 through which the water and impurities removed from the gaseous
products and escaping from the tubes 3 can pass into a receptacle 24. In the
bottom of this receptacle the said impurities can be collected, whilst the supernatant
water can be drawn off for re-use. In this arrangement the gaseous products are
led from the smoke chamber 1 through an external pipe 25 to a casing 26 arranged
between the bottom of the chamber 1 and the tube plate 2 in which the upper end
of the tubes 3 are fitted, and the water entering the chamber 1 from the tubes 11
is discharged through nozzles 4, traversing the casing 26, against baffles 5 in the
upper ends of the tubes 3. The gaseous products in this arrangement pass down-
ward through the tubes 3 in the same direction as the washing water, instead of
upward, as in the herein previously described arrangement.
Figs. 5 & 6 are sectional views at right angles to each other showing a further
modified arrangement in which the washing tubes 3, of which nine are shown,
are secured at the top to a tube plate 2 forming the bottom of a casing 8 that
carries the water supply pipes 6, 6ª and nozzles 4, as in Fig. 1, the lower ends of
the said tubes 3 being carried by a tube plate 20 that forms the top of a chamber 21
provided with an outlet pipe 22 for the washed gaseous products, and with an
outlet 23 through which the water and impurities pass into a receptacle 24, as
in the arrangement shown in Fig. 4, the said casing 8 being carried by pillars 27
and provided with an inlet 88 for gaseous products. In this arrangement the gaseous
products may be caused to flow through the washing apparatus by any known or
suitable means such as that herein before described, or by one or more fans, aided
it may be by one or more suitably arranged steam jets.
Instead of passing the gaseous products downward through the tubes 3 (Figs. 5
& 6), they may obviously be passed upward therethrough if desired.
As will be obvious the number of washing tubes 3 employed can be varied to
suit requirement. In some cases only one of such tubes with perforated cones 7
may be used. The said tubes may be of any desired size say from six inches to three
feet in diameter. The perforated cones may also be varied in number and size to
suit requirement.
Instead of providing each water nozzle 4 with a single baffle 5 as in the arrange-
ments hereinbefore described, it may be provided with a series of baffles 5, 5, 5 as
in the example shown in vertical section in Fig. 7, so that a number of annular sheets
of water will be obtained from each nozzle. Such a compound nozzle with multiple
baffles, and also the simple nozzle and baffle, may be constructed as described in the
Specification of a former Letters Patent granted to us No. 23497 of 1892.
Although it is advantageous to supply the washing water to the washing tubes 3
and cones 7 through nozzles 4 provided with a baffle 5 (or baffles) as described and
shown, it is to be understood that the water may be introduced into the said tubes
in any other suitable way, as for example from a rose or a perforated pipe, or
through a perforated plate arranged either in each tube 3 or above the same as may
be desired.
Although in the drawings the smoke chamber 1 tubes 3 and cones 7 are shown
as made of plate metal, it will be obvious that they may be made of other material
according to the heat of the gaseous products to be treated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for washing smoke and gascous products escaping from boiler

page_text: and other furnaces, one or more vertical washing tubes provided or each provided
with pairs of hollow perforated truncated cones placed with their smaller closed
ends towards each other, each of said pairs of cones being separately carried by
suitable lugs or supports above a downwardly and inwardly inclined surface formed
by an overhanging rib or projection arranged on the inner surface of the washing
tube so as to guide water that has flowed over the outer side of the lowest of a pair
of cones into the upper of the next lower pair, substantially as described and shown
for the purpose specified.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved
apparatus for washing smoke and gaseous products escaping from steam boiler and
other furnaces, substantially as herein before described with reference respectively
to and shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, in Figs. 4, and in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings
annexed, whether or not the washing water be supplied to the washing tubes by
nozzles with baffles such as described or by other means as set forth.
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.