Improvements connected with Vehicles.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Vehicles.
I, PEMBROKE SUMMERSET TARTT of Wingo, Graves County, Kentucky,
United States of America, Piano Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in vehicles, and more particularly to side
bar buggies and carriages.
The objects of the invention are, first, to provide a vehicle having its body bed
so supported that it will at all times occupy a horizontal plane with relation to the
axle trees, whether the weight occupies a position either centrally or at one side of
the body; secondly to provide means for distributing the weight carried by the
body so as to cause the latter to occupy a horizontal plane from end to end, or, in
other words, to cause the end of the body which is free from weight to occupy the
same plane as the end on which the weight is located; thirdly to provide for a long
and undulatory vibration of the body, as opposed to the quick and springy movement
common to most vehicles, whereby to lessen the jar communicated to the body
incident to the contact of the wheels with obstructions in the passage of the vehicles
over a road; fourthly to provide for a lateral vibratory movement, as well as
vertical movement, whereby to cause the body to adjust itself automatically to any
equalities in the grade of the road, so as to permit it to occupy a plane parallel
with the axle trees in going either up or down a hill; fifthly, to provide side bars
of such construction as while permitting the vehicle to make a short turn they offer
no obstruction to a person entering or leaving the vehicle; sixthly, to provide a
vehicle in which but a single body spring is employed as opposed to the usual side
bar buggy, in which two or more, springs are used, and, finally, to provide a vehicle
which will combine with the features enumerated high efficiency and durability in
use, simplicity of construction, and cheapness of manufacture.
These results are obtained by the following briefly described arrangement of
parts.
The ends of the side bars, are in one way connected by half springs but; if
desired, rigid end bars may be substituted for the springs and will be found to
answer the requirements in many cases. The side bars are curved upward at or
near their centres, to permit the front wheels to cut under close to the bed, thus
admitting of the vehicle being turned in a more contracted space than with vehicles
employing straight side bars. The side bars and their end connection form what is
termed in this instance a supporting frame. The body bed consisting of two side
rails and end, pieces supplemental end pieces and a centre rail which parts are
firmly secured together in a manner best calculated to withstand the strain and
wrenching to which a body bed is necessarily subjected. Two fulcrum rods the
ends of which are each journaled in suitable boxes are carried by the supplemental
end pieces. At a point near both ends of each of the rods the metal is flattened
which flattened portions are designed to engage mortices formed in spring levers
whereby to secure the latter firmly in place. These levers which are by preference
four in number, are each constructed by a rigid portion and a tapered curved spring
portion which latter portion in each of the levers is pivotally secured in clips
carried by the side bars. If desired these levers may be made of two pieces of
metal firmly bolted together. The inner ends of each of the rigid portions are
reduced that when two of the levers are in their normal positions a lap joint is
formed, which serves to keep the two ends in their proper position relative to each
other.

page_text: The body spring is firmly bolted to the underside of the centro rail. This spring
is constructed of a series of leaves, preferably straight the longest of which bears
against the said rail, its ends being made convex on the upper side thus forming
rock bearings for the inner ends of the levers and at each end of the spring there is
an upturned flange for preventing the ends of the levers slipping off the spring when
the body bed is vertically vibrated.
The different points of the invention having been described the manner of its
operation will now be explained. We will suppose that a person occupies a
position in the vehicle on one side. In vehicles as ordinarily constructed that side
would be depressed leaving the other portions of the body in nearly their normal
positions, the same being substantially true should a person of less weight be seated
on the opposite side. By my improvement however the weight of the occupant
will tend to depress all portions of the body bed alike this being due to the fact
that as the levers are rigidly fulcrumed on the longitudinal rods the latter cannot
be depressed without rocking the inner ends of the former against the stress of the
body spring, the outer ends of the levers being pivotally attached to clips on the
side bars. It will also be observed that while the body-bed is capable of a lateral
movement by reason of the elastic portion of the levers it is prevented from
backward and forward movements by the levers. The spring portion of the levers
performs another important function in addition to that already described-namely
that of breaking the force of the jar to the occupant of the vehicle when the wheels
contact with any obstruction inasmuch as the impact is communicated to the side
bars first then to the spring levers and finally to the body spring which on account
of its length, vibrates but slowly so that what would with an ordinary vehicle be a
violent jar will in this case prove a gentle and undulatory movement.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1891.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Vehicles.
I PEMBROKE SUMMERSET TARTT of Wingo Graves County Kentucky
United States of America Piano Dealer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in vehicles and more particularly to side
bar buggies and carriages. The objects of this invention are, first, to provide a
vehicle having its body bed so supported that it will at all times occupy a horizontal
plane with relation to the axle-trees, whether the weight occupies a position either
centrally or at one side of the body; secondly to provide means for distributing
the weight carried by the body so as to cause the latter to occupy a horizontal
plane from end to end, or in other words, cause the end of the body which is free
from weight to occupy the same plane as the end on which the weight is located;
thirdly, to provide for a long and undulatory vibration of the body as opposed to
the quick and springy movement common to most vehicles, whereby to lessen the
jar communicated to the body incident to the contact of the wheels with obstructions
in the passage of the vehicle over a road; fourthly, to provide for a lateral
vibratory movement, as well a vertical movement whereby to cause the body to
adjust itself automatically to any inequalities in the grade of the road so as to permit
it to occupy a plane parallel with the axle-trees in going either up or down a hill ;
fifthly, to provide side bars of such construction as while permitting the vehicle to
make a short turn they offer no obstruction to a person entering or leaving the
vehicle; sixthly, to provide a vehicle in which but a single body spring is
employed, as opposed to the usual side bar buggy, in which two or more springs
are used, and, finally to provide a vehicle which will combine with the features

page_text: enumerated high efficiency and durability in use, simplicity of construction and
cheapness of manufacture."
To enable my invention to be properly understood I will proceed to describe the
same with aid of the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 a cross section on line x¹ y'.
Figure 2 inverted plan view of seat supporting part.
Figure 3 section on line x y.
Figure 4 side view to illustrate shackle connection.
A illustrates the side bars or frame. B frame that supports the seat part. This
is connected to frame A by the lever arms C one end being connected to frame A
by the shackle D and to seat frame B by the bars E the square ends of which
tightly pass through arms C and are held by brackets F the other end of arms C
being turned as a hook engaging a pin G secured to the ends of the bearing
spring H the latter being rivetted in the middle to underside of frame B.
The above arrangement of parts operates as follows:
Upon a person occupying a position upon one side of the vehicle such for instance
as over the part marked J Figure 1. In vehicles as ordinarily constructed that side
would be depressed leaving the other side in its normal position but by arranging
and connecting the frame and seat parts as described whether an occupant sits in
the middle or on one side the whole body will be almost horizontally depressed
which is due to the fact that as the levers C are rigidly fulcrumed on the longitudinal
rods E the latter cannot be depressed without rocking the inner ends of the former
against the stress of the body spring the outer ends of the levers being pivotally
attached to the shackle D on the side bars A.
It will also be observed that while the body bed is capable of a lateral movement
by reason of the elastic portion of the levers C it is prevented from backward and
forward movement by the spring H. This spring performs another important
function in addition to that already described namely that of breaking the force of
the jar to the occupant of the vehicle when the wheels meet any obstruction on the
road inasmuch as the impact is communicated first to the side bars A then to
the levers C and finally to the spring H which on account of its length vibrates
but slowly so what would be in an ordinary vehicle a violent jar will in this case
prove a gentle and undulatory movement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The manner of supporting the body or seat part of a vehicle substantially as
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of September 1892.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicant.