Improvements in Oil or Gas Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 31st Jan., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Mar:, 1805
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil or Gas Engines.
We, Tom Clifford HOGG, 21, Lime Street, in the County of London, and
JOSEPH GROVE, of 5 Douglas Terrace, Inchinan Road, Paisley, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows, that is to say :-
This invention relates to oil or gas engines of the four-stroke-cycle type, and has
for its object to simplify and improve the construction of parts of such engines
and to increase their efficiency.
In an oil engine made with the present improvements the oil enters a passage at
the inner end of the cylinder along with the air for a charge through a valve
opened inwards by suction due to an outward stroke of the piston. The oil is
admitted from a valve-controlled supply inlet into the space outside of the valve
or through one or more apertures in the valve seat and the quantity for each charge
may be measured by a cavity formed for the purpose in the valve seat or valve.
The air before it reaches the valve. preferably passes through spaces in the
cylinder end whereby it is heated. The ignition device consists of a coil or
equivalent of thin metal which after having been heated by a lamp at starting is
afterwards maintained at a suitable heat by the action within the engine. The
igniting coil is in a chamber communicating with the passage at the back end of
the cylinder, through a tube or lining which is made of suitable dimensions such
as to cause the ignitions to take place at the proper times, on the combustible
mixture of vaporised oil and air being compressed and part of it forced back to
the igniting coil; or the coil may be adjustable in position. The exhaust takes
place through a valve which is, opened against a spring by means of a cam or
eccentric rotating at half the speed of the crank shaft. When the speed becomes
too great the exhaust valve remains unopened through the action of a vibrating
governor interposed between the valve and the cam which actuates it.
The cam
acts on a sliding rod which has jointed to it an arm and a pendulum, the pendulum
being adjustable and a spring being applied to it to moderate the vibration. The
arm ordinarily pushes the rod acting directly on the exhaust valve and opens that
valve, but when the speed is too great the pendulum turns the arm out of the way
of the valve rod which remains unacted on during one or more cycles of the
engine's motion.
Another improvement consists in providing an additional air inlet valve to
prevent the pressure within the cylinder from becoming less than that of the
atmosphere, at certain stages when through the action of the governor ignitions are
missed. This additional air valve which opens inwards against the action of a
light spring, is placed at the part of the cylinder which the piston uncovers as it
passes the point in its out stroke at which the pressure may become too low. The
application of the additional valve prevents chattering of the main inlet valve.
Dated this First day of May 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.

page_text: Improvements in Oil or Gas Engines.
We, TOM CLIFFORD HOGG, of 21, Lime Street, in the County of London, and
JOSEPH GROVE, of 5, Douglas Terrace, Inchinan Road, Paisley, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
aud in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
This invention relates to oil or gas engines of the four-stroke-cycle type, and
has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of parts of such engines
and to increase their efficiency.
Ju an oil engine made with the present improvements, the oil enters a passage at
the inner end of the cylinder, along with the air for a charge, through a valve
opened inwards by suction due to an outward stroke of the piston. The ignition
device consists of a coil or equivalent of thin metal, which after having been heated
by a lamp at starting is afterwards maintained at a suitable heat by the action
within the engine. The igniting coil is in a chamber communicating with the
passage at the back end of the cylinder, through a tube or lining, which is made of
suitable dimensions such as to cause the ignitions to take place at the proper times,
ou the combustible mixture of vaporised oil and air being compressed and part of
it forced back to the igniting coil. The exhaust takes place through a valve
which is opened against a spring by means of mechanism hereinafter described.
And in order that our said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood, we hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings,.
to be hereinafter referred to, and showing an oil engine as made with our
improvements.
-
Figures, 1, and 2, are respectively a sectional plan and a sectional elevation of
our improved engine.
Figure, 3, is a sectional elevation of a detail, and
Figures, 4, and 5, are enlarged views, as at right angles to each other, of the
igniting device.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
In the oil engine shown in the drawings, the oil enters a passage, A, at the inner
end of the cylinder, B, along with the air for a charge through a valve, C, opened
inwards by suction due to an outward stroke of the piston. The oil is admitted
from a valve-controlled supply inlet, D, into a space, E, outside of the chamber
of the valve, C, and thence through one or more apertures, E 1, in the valve seat
so as to pass with the air through the port when the valve opens. The air before
it reaches the valve, C, preferably passes through spaces, F, in the cylinder end
whereby it is heated. The ignition device, consists of a coil, G (or equivalent)
of thin metal which after having been heated by a lamp at starting is afterwards
maintained at a suitable heat by the action within the engine. For thus
preparatorily heating the coil, G, any suitable lamp is applied under the chamber, J,
containing the coil, the bottom of the chamber being made red hot. The
chamber, J, communicates by a passage, K, with the back end of the cylinder
through a tube or lining, L, which is made of suitable dimensions such as to cause
the ignitions to take place at the proper times, on the combustible mixture of
vaporised oil and air being compressed, and part of it forced back to the igniting
coil; or the coil may be made adjustable in position. The exhaust takes place
through a valve, M, which is opened against a spring, N, by means of a cam or
eccentric, P, rotating at half the speed of the crank shaft, Q, from which it is
driven by spur wheels, R, and S, the former being on the crank shaft, and the

page_text: latter on a short shaft, T, turning in bearings, Tt, and carrying the cam. When
the speed becomes too great the exhaust valve, M, remains unopened through the
action of a vibrating governor, V, interposed between the valve, M, and the cam, P,
which actuates it. The cam, P, acts on an antifriction roller, V 1, on a sliding
rod, V 2, which has jointed to it the governor, V, which consists of an arm, V 3,
and a pendulum, V 4, the pendulum being adjustable, and a spring, V 5, being
applied to it to moderate the vibration. The arm, V 3, ordinarily pushes the
rod, V 6, acting directly on the exhaust valve, M, and opens that valve, but when
the speed is too great the pendulum, V 4, turns the arm out of the way of the
valve rod, V 6, which remains unacted on during one or more cycles of the engine's
motion.
Another improvement consists in providing an additional air inlet valve, X, to
prevent the pressure within the cylinder from becoming less than that of the
atmosphere at certain stages when through the action of the governor, V, ignitions
are missed. This additional air valve, X, which opens inwards against the action
of a light spring, X 1, is placed at the part of the cylinder which the piston
uncovers as it passes the point in its out stroke at which the pressure may become
too low. The application of the additional valve, X, prevents chattering of the
main inlet valve, C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The construction and combination of parts comprising the inlet for air and
oil or gas and the igniting device with its chamber and the passages at the end of
the cylinder, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The mode of controlling the speed of an oil or gas engine by pendulum-
governor mechanism acting on the exhaust-valve gear substantially as herein before
described.
3. Providing the cylinder with a supplementary spring-controlled air inlet valve
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this Thirtieth day of January 1895.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.