Improvements in Hydraulic Motors.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1892-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Motors.
I, SPENCER STEWART MARSH, of 149 Washington Street, in the City of
Atlanta, County of Fulton and State of Georgia, United States of America,
Capitalist, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
HYDRAULIC MOTORS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention is shown and will be described as being attached to reciprocating
pumps, in which connection it is at present intended to be principally used; the
object being to simplify the construction and to use water more economically than
heretofore. To this end my invention consists of a centrally pivoted lever having a
bucket at each end, a flume or other means of water supply provided with valve
connection with the buckets on the ends of the lever, and valves in the bottom of
said buckets, and means for operating them, the valve openings in the buckets
being smaller than those in the flume, all of which are shown in the accompanying
drawings and will be fully described in this Specification together with their
operation and effect.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a side clevation of the device showing same at the beginning of a
stroke and by the use of broken lines, also at mid-stroke.
Figure 2 is a section of the flume and bucket on the lever showing the valve m
each and the manner and means of opening them: also showing the size of the
bucket valve opening relative to the openings in the flume over which the flume
valves are seated.
Figure 3 is a section of one of the buckets in a horizontal position, being at the
time of elevation just before the ball-valve automatically closes.
Figure 4 is a detail in transverse section of the bucket showing the means for
opening the valve in the bottom of the flume.
Figures 5 and 6 show respectively the ball-valve closed and open, the wire
guides being also shown.
In the drawings, like reference characters are employed in the designation of
corresponding elements of construction in all the views.
A are reciprocating pumps of any approved construction having, suitable inlet
and outlet connections, B are pump piston rods which may if desired have pitman
connection with the double ended lerer D with which they are in any suitable
manner necessarily connected. These pumps should be located and connected to
the lever D at a distance from its fulcrum according to the stroke of the pumps
and to the length and degree of oscillation of the lever. The buckets E should
be of a size to contain a sufficient quantity of water to overcome, by gravity,
the resistance of the pumps A and should have at their bottoms, holes e which
should be closed by valves of any form so long as they perform the functions
desired.
The preferable form of valve is however as follows: The ball is used to stop
the opening e and it is desirable that the ball shall roll away from the opening in
one direction and that its motion in all other directions may be limited. In the
specific construction shown this end is arrived at by the use of wire guides e² which
are secured to the bottom of the bucket on the inner side of the hole e and extend
parallel and at a slight distance apart to the opposite side of the said bucket, leaving
a space under and between sufficiently wide and high enough to retain the ball as
clearly shown in several figures of the drawing.

page_text: The bottom of the flume F is provided with upwardly opening valves and holes
thereunder and that coincide with the top end of the buckets E when said buckets
are at their point of highest elevation. The buckets E are provided with upwardly
projecting pins G, that, on the raising of one of the buckets to its point of ultimate
elevation will open the valve and allow water from the flume F to flow into the
said bucket. The valves E are opened by coming into contact with the stationary
pins Has the bucket descends, or in case the valve seat is shallow the said balls
may roll from their seat in the openings e.
It is obvious that the filling of one of the buckets E from the flume F will, on the
weight of water becoming sufficient, depress that end of the lever O and give the
two pumps a stroke, one up and the other down, and that, on the bucket descending,
the valve e will come into contact with a pin H-which will open said valve and
allow the water to escape, and that while one of the operations just described is
going on at one end of the lever, the other operation is going on at the other end,
and that an automatic reciprocating movement of the bucket will commence as soon
as the weight of water within it shall overcome in the slightest degree the
resistance of the pump. Therefore, to cause a preponderance of weight in the
descending bucket a portion of the water is allowed to remain in the bucket at
the other end of the lever from the one being filled and is discharged after the
valve shall have been closed. To accomplish this, it is best to make the
openingse smaller than the valve openings so that the water will not discharge
as rapidly through them as through the said valves and as the valve el closes
by gravity only after the lifting of the lever D above an horizontal position,
said water will all escape by reason of which a considerable quantity of water will
be discharged from one bucket after the other shall have filled sufficiently to
overcome the resistance of the pump and the said small quantity of water and
shall have started on its downward course, thus lessening the resistance to the
downwardly moving bucket and giving it a considerable preponderance. The
peculiar arrangement of the ball-valves in the buckets have the advantage over
other forms of valves of exposing the entire valve opening until the bucket shall
have descended to a point, that will cause the ball to roll back and close the
opening. This construction and making the apertures in the bucket of less capacity
than the opening in the flume valve from which the bucket at the opposite end of
the lever is being filled preventing too rapid discharge, renders this device very
satisfactorily operative with the utmost practical economy.
While it is the intention to gain for the descending bucket a considerable
preponderance and to construct the device substantially as herein described, I do
not confine myself to the specific construction herein described and the same ends
may be accomplished in other ways equivalent thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
I claim is
1st. In a device of the class specified, a lever pivoted at its centre and movable
in a vertical plane on said pivotal point carrying a bucket on each of its ends,
each bucket having an aperture in its bottom and a ball seated over said aperture
when the bottom of said bucket is substantially horizontal and adapted to roll
from or over said aperture upon the departure of said bucket from said
horizontal position, and means for guiding said ball in its movements, in
combination with a water supply adapted, to fill said buckets on their elevation,
for the purpose specified.
2nd. In a device of the class specified, a lever pivoted near its middle and
movable in a vertical plane on its pivot, and carrying a bucket on each end, each
bucket having an aperture in its bottom, a ball" normally seated over said aperture
and adapted to roll from or over said aperture on the tilting of the lever and guides
for said ball in its movements consisting of wires enclosing same in combination

page_text: with the water supply adapted to fill said buckets on their elevation, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 19th day of July 1892.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.