IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS AND OF SHACKLES FOR CONNECTING TOGETHER LENGTHS OF CHAIN AND WIRE CABLES USED IN CONNECTION WITH ANCHORS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Baxter, of Mansion House Buildings, in the
City of London, and of "The Homestead," Hornsey Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
ANCHORS AND OF SHACKLES FOR CONNECTING TOGETHER LENGTHS OF CHAIN
AND WIRE CABLES USED IN CONNECTION WITH ANCHORS, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Baxter at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1880.
18
SAMUEL BAXTER, of Mansion House Buildings, in the City of London, and of
The Homestead," Hornsey Lane, in the County of Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS AND OF SHACKLES FOR CONNECTING TOGETHER
LENGTHS OF CHAIN AND WIRE CABLES USED IN CONNECTION WITH ANCHORS,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
-"
The Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in that class of anchors known
as "trunnion anchors," shown and described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to Messieurs Williams and GuIT, dated January 8th, 1874, No. 103, and
consists in certain modifications which will render the said anchors more certain
in action, and less liable to wear and to become clogged or choked, and thereby
rendered inoperative. In the trunnion anchors described in the said Specification,
the lower end of the shank was tapered down to the diameter of the trunnions,
and was flush therewith; this rendered it necessary to form that part of the socket
in the crown of the anchor fitting the end of the shank with splayed sides to
permit of the required motion of the shank and arms upon each other, and to
provide stops to limit the motion of such parts. This construction left openings on
each side of the lower end of the shank, into which sand, dirt, or other foreign
matter might enter to the injury of the anchor and of its action.
.
I, according to my Invention, obviate this difficulty by forming the lower end of
the shank with a cylindrical enlargement or head of larger diameter than and
concentric with the trunnions, and fitting closely the socket formed for it in the
crown of the anchor, which socket is of semi-cylindrical form or thereabouts.

page_text: The enlargement or head of the shank is also preferably flush with the shoulders
of the arms. I also prolong the catching points and bevel their inner faces so as
to enable them to act both as catching points to ensure the arms properly taking
the ground, and as stops to limit the motion of the arms and shank upon each
other, whilst by such construction the parts are subjected to less strain than
heretofore. I also in order to enable the arms to be inore readily lifted clear of
the ground prolong the head of the crown so as to obtain a leverage thereon against
which the shank on being raised can act to lift the arms or flukes of the anchor
out of the ground.
My Invention relates, secondly, to improvements in shackles for connecting
together and readily disconnecting lengths of chain and wire cables for use with
anchors and for other purposes, and consists of improvements whereby such shackles
are rendered stronger and more secure than shackles constructed in the manner
heretofore adopted.
For this purpose the shackle is divided transversely into two parts, sliding
together as heretofore, to effect the union thereof; but instead of forming the
meeting faces of each half exactly similar to the other, I form on the one half a
central tongue provided with an enlarged head, formed with an undercut projection
on each of two opposite sides, and fitting a correspondingly shaped recess or socket
formed for it in the other half or part of the shackle. I also form on each sido of
the said tongue on the first mentioned part of the shackle a groove and a bevelled
or undercut projection to receive and hold a correspondingly formed projection
formed on each side of the before mentioned recess or socket in the second men-
tioned part of the shackle; one or more pins or other means are employed to prevent
the sliding of the parts upon each other.
In a shackle for a chain cable having the form of a chain link, each side of
the shackle is formed as above described whilst in a shackle for a wire cable or
rope. I form each half or part of the sbackle with an eye for the wire cable or
rope at the outer end thereof, and the central connecting parts of the shackle
solid.
Shackles constructed as above described are stronger and more secure than
shackles constructed as heretofore.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Baxter in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th May
1881.
SAMUEL BAXTER, of Mansion House Buildings, in the City of London, and of
The Homestead, Hornsey Lane, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS AND OF SHACKLES FOR CONNECTING TOGETHER
LENGTHS OF CHAIN AND WIRE CABLES USED IN CONNECTION WITH ANCHORS,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.”
:
The Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in that class of anchors known as
"trunnion anchors," shown and described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to Messieurs Williams and Gurr, dated January 8th, 1874, No. 103, and
consists in certain modifications which will render the said anchors more certain in
action, and less liable to wear and to become clogged or choked, and thereby
rendered inoperative. In the trunnion anchors described in the said Specification,
the lower end of the shank was tapered down to the diameter of the trunnions and
was flush therewith; this rendered it necessary to form that part of the socket in
the crown of the anchor fitting the end of the shank with splayed sides, to permit
of the required motion of the shank and arms upon each other, and to provide stops
to limit the motion of such parts. This construction left openings on each side of.
the lower end of the shank, into which sand, dirt, or other foreign matter might
enter to the injury of the anchor's action.
I, according to my Invention, obviate this difficulty by forming the lower end of
the shank with a cylindrical enlargement or head of larger diameter than and con-
centric with the trunnions, and fitting closely the socket formed for it in the crown
of the anchor, which socket is of semi-cylindrical form or thereabouts.
The enlargement or head of the shank is also preferably flush with the shoulders
of the arms.
I also prolong the catching points, and bevel their inner faces so as to
enable them to act both as catching points, to ensure the arms properly taking the
ground, and as stops to limit the motion of the arms and shank upon each other,
whilst by such construction the parts are subjected to less strain than heretofore.
I also, in order to enable the arms to be more readily lifted clear of the ground,
prolong the head of the crown so as to obtain a leverage thereon, against which
the shank on being raised can act to lift the arms or flukes of the anchor out of the
ground.
My Invention relates, secondly, to improvements in shackles for connecting
together and readily disconnecting lengths of chain and wire cables for use with
anchors, and for other purposes, and consists of improvements whereby such shackles
are rendered stronger and more secure than shackles constructed in the manner
heretofore adopted.
For this purpose the shackle is divided transversely into two parts, sliding.
together as heretofore to effect the union thereof; but instead of forming the meeting
faces of each half exactly similar to the other, I form on the one half a central.
tongue provided with an enlarged head formed with an undercut projection on each
of two opposite sides, and fitting a correspondingly shaped recess or socket
formed for it in the other half or part of the shackle. I also form on each side of
the said tongue, on the first mentioned part of the shackle, a groove and a bevelled
or undercut projection to receive and hold a correspondingly formed projection,
formed on each side of the before mentioned recess or socket in the second mentioned
part of the shackle; one or inoro pins or other means are employed to prevent the
sliding of the parts. upon each other.
In a shackle for a chain cable having the form of a chain link cach side of the
shackle is formed as above described, whilst in a shackle for a wire cable or rope I.

page_text: LUCIDO UNO DA
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents my improved anchor in the position it would assume on
taking the ground; Figure 2 is a front elevation partly in section of the anchor
complete Figures 3 and 4 are front and side elevations of the shank and trunnions
apart from the crown and arms or flukes; Figure 5 is a front elevation partly in
section, and Figure 6 is a side elevation of the crown, arms, or flukes and catching
points, showing the two parts of the same bolted together but separate from the
shank; and Figure 7 is an inner face view of one of the arms or flukes and its
half of the crown and catching points, and showing the socket or recess to receive
one of the trunnions of the shank.
a represents the shank, and a¹ the trunnions. Instead however of tapering down
the lower end of the shank to the diameter of the trunnions, as represented in the
aforesaid Specification, I form a cylindrical enlargement or head a² at the lower
end of the shank a of larger diameter than and concentric with the trunnions, and
I form a socket b¹ in the crown b of the anchor to fit closely such enlargement or
head a², such socket being of semi cylindrical form or thereabouts.
The enlargement or head a² of the shank is also preferably flush with the
shoulders 62 of the arms 6³, as shown.
I also prolong the catching points 6 and bevel their inner faces so as to enable
them to act both as catching points to ensure the arms 6 properly taking the
ground, and as stops to limit the motion of the arms 63 and shank a upou each
other, whilst, by such construction, the parts are subjected to less strain than
when constructed in the manner represented and described in the aforesaid
Specification.
I also, in order to enable the arms 6º to be more readily lifted clear of the ground,
prolong the head 6° of the crown b, so as to obtain a leverage thereon, against
which the shank a on being raised can act to lift the arms or flukes 63 out of the
ground.
The trunnions a' fit into sockets 6° formed to receive them in the head b, as
heretofore.
Anchors constructed with my improvements are more certain than when made
as shown and described in the aforesaid Specification, as by lengthening the
catching points a greater power is brought to act upon the arms or flukes to cause
them to enter the ground, and by using the said catching points as stops for the
shank the parts are less liable to become strained in use; whilst by the peculiar
construction of the trunnion end of the shank and its fittings in the head I obtain
greater strength in the anchor with less liability to wear and to become inoperative
from choking or clogging than is the case with anchors constructed in the manner
shown and described in the aforesaid Specification.
Figure 8 is a side view, and Figure 9 is an edge view of my improved shackle
for connecting and disconnecting lengths of chain cable; Figure 10 is a side view
and Figure 11 is an edge view of the part or half c; and Figure 12 is a side view,
and Figure 13 is an edge view of the part or half d of the shackle.
Figure 14 is an edge view, and Figure 15 is a side view of my improved shackle
for connecting and disconnecting lengths of wire rope or cable.
The shackle is divided transversely into two parts, sliding together as heretofore
to effect the union thereof, but instead of forming the meeting faces of each half
exactly similar to the other, I, according to my Invention, form on the half or

page_text: part ca central tongue c' provided with an enlarged head c² formed with an
undercut projection on each of two opposite sides, and fitting a correspondingly
shaped recess or socket formed for it in the half or part à of the shackle. 1
also form on each side of the said tongue c¹ a groove c' and a bevelled or undercut
projection to receive and hold a correspondingly formed projection d³ on each
side of the before mentioned recess or socket d³, in the part d.
In a shackle for a chain cable having the form of a chain link, as represented at
Figures 8 to 13, each side of the shackle is formed as above described, whilst in a
shackle for a wire cable or rope I form each half or part of the shackle with an
eye c or d³ for the wire cable or ropo at the outer end thereof, and the central
connecting parts of the shackle solid.
The two parts of the shackle, represented in Figures 8 to 13, aro prevented from
sliding upon each other when in use by a slide e made in two parts, each of which
is formed with a half nut or female screw to receive the screw f, which is tapered
to ensure the two parts of the slide being pressed firmly against the sides of the
shackle. With this construction the two parts of the shackle can be set free by
removing the screw f; when, by sliding one half of the slide e away from the other,
the two parts can readily be removed from the interior of the shackle when the
two parts of the latter can be separated from each other by sliding one part on
the other.
In the shackle represented at Figures 14 to 15, the two parts of the shackle are
prevented from sliding upon each other by means of a tapered ping driven into a
hole formed in the part d, and intersecting the head of the projection cl, and in
order to secure the said pin g against accidentally falling out, a space is left above
the head of the pin 7, and this space is filled with lead.
Other means of preventing the accidental sliding of the two parts of tho shackle
upon each other may however be employed, as such means forms no part of my
present Invention.
Shackles constructed in the manner above described are stronger and more secure
than when constructed in the manner heretofore adopted.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode in which
I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
First. The improvements in trunnion anchors, substantially as herein shown and
described.
And, Second. The improvements in the construction of shackles for connecting
together lengths of chain and wire cables, substantially as herein shown and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Baxter, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one
SAMUEL BAXTER. (LS.)