IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DEYING, MIXING, AND PULVERISING CLAY AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Weston Grimshaw, of Warton Lodge, Lytham,
in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DEYING, MIXING, AND PULVERISING
CLAY AND OTHER MATERIALS."
Sealed the 9th April 1861, and dated the 20th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Weston Grimshaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
October 1860.
I, WESTON GRIMSHAW, of Warton Lodge, Lytham, in the County of
Lancaster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING, MIXING, AND
PULVERISING CLAY AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is chiefly intended for drying, mixing, and pulverising clay
and other materials used in the manufacture of bricks, but it may be used for
other purposes. The machinery consists of an archimedian screw, placed
within a casing, which is heated by steam or otherwise; the blade of the
screw is either plane or serrated, or furnished with projections for the purpose
of mixing and pulverising the clay and other materials during the transit
thereof through the casing. The apparatus may be placed horizontally or at
an angle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Weston Grimshaw, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WESTON
GRIMSHAW, of Warton Lodge, Lytham, in the County of Lancaster, Gentle-
man, send greeting.
time
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Weston Grimshaw, Her special licence that I, the said Weston Grimshaw, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Weston
Grimshaw, my, executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR DRYING, MIXING, AND PULVERISING CLAY AND OTHER MATERIALS,"
upon the condition (amongst others), that I, the said Weston Grimshaw, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Weston Grimshaw, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention is chiefly intended for drying, mixing, and pulverising clay,
and other materials used in the manufacture of bricks, but it may be used for
other purposes. The machinery consists of an archimedean screw placed
within a casing; which is heated by steam or otherwise; the blade of the screw
is either plane or serrated, or furnished with projections for the purpose of
mixing and pulverising the clay and other materials during the transit
thereof through the casing. The apparatus may be placed horizontally or at
an angle.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, and readily

page_text: carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved machinery; Fig. 2 is a
section through the line A, B, on Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a section through the
line C, D. a is the axis of the archimedean screw b; the axis is square, and
the screw is cast in pieces of suitable lengths, fitting on the axis, which is
supported at each end in the bearings c and d, and at three or other convenient
number of intermediate spaces in the hangers e; the screw b is turned slowly
round within the case f, which is surrounded by the jacket 9, the space
between the case and the jacket being supplied with steam, or heat may be
applied in any other convenient manner. When steam is employed it is
admitted by the pipe i, shewn by a dotted circle in Fig. 1, and it is allowed to
blow off through the pipe j. The hangers e are suspended to the rings k, the
orifices through which are to allow for the escape of moisture. The blade of
the screw b is cut away near each of the hangers e, and the edge of the blade
may either be plane, as shewn in the Drawing, or serrated, or furnished with
projections.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The clay or other material, after
having passed between the crushing rollers or otherwise, is supplied to the
lower end of the screw, to which a slow rotary motion is imparted by the bevel
wheel 1, or by any suitable gearing, and the screw gradually works it upwards
until it arrives at the upper end of the case f, from which it drops into a
suitable receiver or into the hopper of the scribbling machine. The action of
the screw and of the heat in the jacket by which it is surrounded effectually
dries, mixes, and pulverises the clay and. other materials to be operated upon
and prepares them for the subsequent operations of scribbling, and com-
pressing. I wish to remark that the apparatus may be placed horizontally
instead of diagonally, as shewn.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim the use of an archimedean screw
surrounded by a heated jacket for the purpose of drying, mixing, and pul-
verising clay and other materials, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Weston Grimshaw, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
WESTON GRIMSHAW.
L.S.)