Improvements relating to a Method of and Apparatus for Bucking Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left. 10th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 15th Jan., 1898
Improvements relating to a Method of and Apparatus for Bucking
Textile Fabrics.
I, JULIUS GEBAUER, of No. 11 to 14, Franklin-Strasse, Charlottenburg, near Berlin,
German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to the process of, and apparatus for bucking textile fabrics,
its object being so to improve the said process and apparatus, as to enable the opera-
tion known as bucking to be conducted continuously, and at the same time' more
profitably than hitherto.
All the apparatus heretofore known,-being the outcome of earlier attempts to
ensure continuous operation,-are attended with the drawback that, in order to obtain
a sufficient saponification, the materials under treatment have to be passed through
the apparatus very slowly, so that the whole process occupies a comparatively long
time.
The present invention enables the above named disadvantage to be obviated, as,
owing to the nature of the arrangement forming its subject-which is conducive to
that result and to the fact that the materials to be bucked are sent through such
arrangement in the shape of slivers or rolls, room is afforded in the apparatus for a
very large quantity of textile fabrics; so that if it such fabrics should be conveyed
through the apparatus at an increased speed, the several parts of them would never-
theless remain in the apparatus long enough to absorb the amount of solution, or lye,
requisite to secure a thorough saponification..
Means are provided, moreover, for properly subjecting the materials to the influence
of the temperature which is required to bring about saponification.
The apparatus fitted for the performance of the improved process may consist of.
substantially the following parts or devices:
Through a tube, channel or the like, or through any suitable aperture, the roll of.
material is introduced into a case or chamber, partly filled with solution, and provided
with convenient heating arrangements. Within this chamber there is also arranged
a set of horizontally superposed rollers, the lower roller of each pair being dipped in
the solution, whereas the upper roller may be located in the top part of the chamber,
and have a wringing roller placed upon it if need be, so that any superflous solution
may thereby be wrung out of the material. The roll of material, in being conducted
through the chamber, and as it passes from one side of the same to the other, is in
the first place caused to wind itself round the first pair of rollers, in as many convolu-
tions as possible; then it is similarly wound on the next pair and so on; until it has
passed over all the remaining pair of rollers (if any); suitable tension rollers being
provided if desired, in order to equalise the tension of the material in the intermediate
spaces between the successive pairs of rollers.
Such being the course followed by the roll of material, it will be understood that,
whilst it repeatedly inoves from one side of the chamber to the other, crosswise, it at
the same time travels intermittently through such chamber in the longitudinal

page_text: direction; and that, in so doing, it is alternately introduced into and removed from,
the lye or solution.
In order to submit that portion of the roll of material which, for the time being, is
out of the solution, to the temperature required for producing saponification and for
thoroughly superheating the amount of solution absorbed by such roll, heat may be
supplied in any convenient manner; one of the means that may be suggested for this
purpose, being the injection of superheated air into the upper part of the chamber;
or heating coils may be placed between the rollers so that the rolls of material may
travel around them; or both of these means or any equivalent thereof may be used in
combination if required.
101
1007
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to a Method of and Apparatus for Bucking
Textile Fabrics.
I, JULIUS GEBAUER, of No. 11 to 14, Franklin-Strasse, Charlottenburg, near Berlin,
German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to the process of, and apparatus for bucking textile fabrics,
its object being so to improve the said process and apparatus, as to enable the
operation known as bucking to be conducted continuously, and at the same time
more profitably than hitherto.
All the apparatus heretofore known,-being the outcome of earlier attempts to
ensure continuous operation-are attended with the drawback that, in order to obtain
a sufficient saponification, the materials under treatment have to be passed through
the apparatus very slowly, so that the whole process occupies a comparatively long
time.
The present invention enables the above named disadvantage to be obviated as,
owing to the nature of the arrangement forming its subject-which is conducive to
that result and to the fact that the materials to be bucked are sent through such
arrangement in the shape of slivers or rolls, room is afforded in the apparatus for a
very large quantity of textile fabrics; so that if such fabrics should be conveyed
through the apparatus at an increased speed, the several parts of them would never-
theless remain in the apparatus long enough to absorb the amount of solution, or lye,
requisite to secure a thorough saponification.
Means are provided, moreover, for properly subjecting the materials to the
influence of the temperature which is required to bring about saponification.
The improved method of bucking textile fabrics or textile materials of vegetable
origin consists in converting the fatty and coloured substances contained in the said
-materials, into compounds soluble in water, in such a manner that the materials to be
bucked in the shape of slivers or rolls are caused to pass in as many convolutions as
possible alternately through an alkaline solution and through a closed space intensely
heated by means of heating coils placed between the rollers guiding the slivers or by
superheated steam ejected into the upper part of the space or chamber in which the
process is carried out.
One mode of constructing an appropriate apparatus for carrying out said process
is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which

page_text: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the apparatus, and
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
In the side walls of a steam-tight closed reservoir, having the cover d and the
bottom d¹ formed as heating chests there are arranged the bearings for several sets of
horizontally superposed rollers n¹ o¹ q¹ n² o² q², the lower roller (n¹) of each pair
being immersed in the solution contained in the reservoir, whereas the upper
roller (¹) is located in the top part a of the chamber and has a ringing roller (q')
placed npon it, so that any superfluous solution may be thereby removed from the
material.
All the pairs of rollers (n¹, o¹, n² 0², 0³ 0³. . . . .) are moved by suitable gearings
or by pulleys in a manner well known to those skilled in the art, so that no illustration
and description thereof is necessary.
The course of the sliver or roll 6 of the material to be treated is clearly illustrated
in the drawing. Descending from a roller e in a vertical channel e', which projects far
enough upward, the sliver b passes around a guiding roller f¹, runs up to the roller o¹,
from there again down around the lower roller n¹, up again round the upper
roller o¹ and so on down and up round the first pair n¹ o¹ of rollers, guided by a
comb-shaped device g. Having thus wound itself round the first pair of rollers, in
as many convolutions as possible, the sliver on the other side of the reservoir, guided
by an auxiliar and tension roller c, passes over to the next pair o² n² and is similarly
wound on and around it, the wringing rollers q' q². . always resting on the upper
rollers o¹ o²... and guiding combs g maintaining the order of the convolutions winding
itself around the several pairs of rollers, until the sliver or roll of material has passed
over all the rollers. Tension rollers c, c. . . may be provided, if desired, to equalize
the tension of the material in the intermediate spaces between the successive pairs
of rollers. The exit of the material from the chamber takes place by means of a
roller 2, corresponding to that f¹ mentioned above, a channel e² and a guiding
roller e as clearly shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
This being the course followed by the roll of material, it will be understood, that
whilst it repeatedly moves from one side of the chamber to the other, crosswise, it
at the same time travels intermittently through the chamber lengthwise, that is in
the longitudinal direction, and that, in so doing, it is alternately introduced and
removed from the lye or solution.
In order to submit that portion of the roll of material which, for the time
being is out of the solution, to the temperature required for producing saponification
and for thoroughly heating the amount of solution absorbed by such roll, heating
coils h h.
are placed between the rollers, so that the rolls of material
travel around them. Into these coils steam is fed by the pipes ho arranged on one
side of the reservoir, while another series of pipes h¹ serves to take up and carry
away the steam and steam-water leaving said coils.
The fatty and coloured substances contained in textile fabrics or materials of
vegetable origin, treated in a manner stated above, are so coutinually converted into
compounds soluble in water and are in this form easily removed from the fabrics or
materials to be treated.
Instead of using heating coils as explained above, heat may also be supplied in
any other convenient manner, one of the means that may be employed for this
purpose being the injection of superheated steam into the upper part of the chamber
by means of any arrangement usual for such purpose. Or both of these means viz :-
heating coils between the rollers and injection of superheated steam or any equivalent
thereof may be used in combination, if required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. An improved method of bucking textile fabrics or materials of vegetable origin,
distinguished by the continual conversion of the fatty and coloured substances
contained in the same into compounds soluble in water, by conducting the material

page_text: to be bucked alternately through an alkaline solution and through a space intensively
heated by means of heating coils arranged between the rollers guiding the slivers, or
by superheated steam injected in the space above the alkaline solution, substantially
as described.
•
2. In an apparatus for carrying out the process described in the preceding claiming
clause, the combination of a closed chamber or reservoir, having the bottom and
cover formed as steam chests (d¹ d) with several sets of pairs of rollers (n¹ o¹, n² o²,
123 03. .) the lower rollers dipping into the solution contained in the reservoir
and the upper ones being subjected to the pressure of wringing rollers (q³, q². .)
and with a comb-shaped guiding device (g.g. .) for each pair, to cause the slivers
to wind around each pair of rollers in many convolutions, and guiding or tension
rollers (c, c.
.) leading the slivers from one to the next pair of rollers as well as
equalizing the tension of the material to be treated, means being provided to heat
the space a above the solution, such as heating coils (h,h. ..) arranged between
the rollers, or injectors, leading superheated steam in the upper part a of the chamber,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
•
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.