Improvements in Driving Gear for Motor Vehicles and other purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 4th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 6th Nov., 1897-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Driving Gear for Motor Vehicles and other
purposes.
I, HERBERT AUSTIN, Manager to the Wolseley Sheep Shearing Machine
Company, Limited, of Sydney Works, Alma Street in the City of Birmingham,
Manufactures, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its objects (a) to facilitate the starting and stopping of
a motor vehicle or other machine, (b) to facilitate the reversal of a motor vehicle
or other machine, and (c) to facilitate the alteration in the relative speeds of the
travelling wheels of a motor vehicle, or operative parts of other machine, and of
the prime mover; and to enable each of the above operations to be readily per-
formed while the prime mover is continuously running.
When it is desired simply to facilitate the starting and stopping of the motor
vehicle, or other machine, while the prime mover is running, the driving gear
consists, in its simplest form, of a pulley fixed upon the motor shaft; of a pulley
carried in the outer end, or ends, of an arm, or pair of arms, which or each of
which, is mounted on the driven shaft which is an easy turning fit therein; of a
spur or friction wheel, or pinion, which is carried also by such arm or pair of arms
and turns with the last-mentioned pulley; of a spur or friction pinion, or wheel,
fixed to the driven shaft and gearing into the spur or friction wheel or pinion first
mentioned; and of means by which the arm or arms carrying the pulley and spur
or friction wheel, or pinion, at its or their outer end or ends, may be moved on
the axis of the driven shaft, as a centre, to move such pulley and wheel, or
pinion, towards or from the driving shaft. A belt, or other continuous driver,
passes around both the pulleys, aforesaid, and thus when the distance between
them is lessened the belt or driver runs slack and ceases to drive the driven
pulley, and when the distance between the pulleys is increased so as to tighten
the belt or driver, the driven pulley is, of course, driven thereby. The pulleys
are provided with flanges to prevent the belt, or other continuous driver, slipping
off when running slack.
According to a convenient method of operating the arm or arms, aforesaid, it
or each may be formed bell-cranked in shape, and the outer end of the portion
or each portion which branches out from the main portion be connected with a
lever which may be held in different positions by means of a notched quadrant.
In some cases, the arm, or one of the arms, may be extended beyond the axis of
the pulley and terminate in a handle by means of which it may be operated; and
the lever thus constituted may be provided with a notched quadrant,for holding
it in the desired position.
The driving gear above described may be used, also, when the driving is
required to be the reverse way, that is to say, the arm or arms, aforesaid, may be
loosely mounted on the driving shaft, the spur or friction wheel or pinion carried

page_text: by such arm or arms being driven by a corresponding pinion or wheel fixed to
the driving shaft, and the pulley carried by such arm or or arms driving, through
the medium of a belt or other continuous driver, a pulley fixed upon the driven
shaft.
In order to facilitate reversing a motor vehicle, or other machine, while the
prime mover is continuously running, two sets of gear of the character above
described are employed, but in one of them a third spur or friction wheel or
pinion is introduced between the other two, or the belt or continuous driver may
be crossed.
In order to enable the speed of the travelling wheels of a motor vehicle, or of
the operative parts of other machine, to be varied in relation to the speed of the
prime mover, while the prime mover is continuously running, two or more sets
of gear of the character firstly above described are employed, having the propor-
tions of the pulleys or of the spur or friction wheel and pinion, or of both, varied
to give the differences in speed desired; and if it is desired, also, that the vehicle
or machine shall be capable, while the prime mover is continuously running, of
being reversed, one or more sets of gear having the intermediate spur or friction
wheel or pinion, above described, or having the belt, or other driver, crossed, are
used also.
Both or all the arms, of pairs of arms, of two or more sets of gear of the character
above described, may be controlled by a single hand lever, if desired.
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1007
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Driving Gear for Motor Vehicles and other
purposes.
I, HERBERT AUSTIN, Manager to the Wolseley Sheep Shearing Machine
Company, Limited, of Sydney Works, Alma Street in the City of Birmingham,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement: -
This invention has for its objects, (a) to facilitate the starting and stopping of
a motor vehicle or other machine, (b) to facilitate the reversal of a motor vehicle
or other machine, and (c) to facilitate the alteration in the relative speeds of the
travelling wheels of a motor vehicle, or operative parts of other machine, and of
the prime mover; and to enable each of the above operations to be readily per-
formed while the prime mover is continuously running.
When it is desired simply to facilitate the starting and stopping of the motor
vehicle, or other machine, while the prime mover is running, the driving gear
consists, in its simplest form, of a pulley fixed upon the motor shaft; of a pulley
carried in the outer end, or ends, of an arm, or a pair of arms, which or each of
which, is mounted on the driven shaft which is an easy turning fit therein; of a
belt (or other continuous driver which when slack will slip around
a pulley) which passes around both the pulleys; of a spur or friction
wheel, or pinion, which is carried also by such
arm or pair of arms
and turns with the last-mentioned pulley; of a spur or friction pinion, or wheel,
fixed to the driven shaft and gearing into the spur or friction wheel or pinion first
mentioned; and of means by which the arm or arms carrying the pulley and spur

page_text: or friction wheel, or pinion, at its or their outer end or ends, may be moved on
the axis of the driven shaft, as a centre, to move such pulley and wheel, or
pinion, towards or from the driving shaft. When the distance between the pulleys
is lessened, the belt (or other continuous driver) runs slack and ceases to drive the
driven pulley, and when the distance between the pulleys is increased so as to
tighten the belt, the driven pulley is, of course, driven thereby. The pulleys are
provided with flanges to prevent the belt slipping off when running slack.
The driving gear above described may be used, also, when the driving is
required to be the reverse way, that is to say, the arm or arms, aforesaid, may be
loosely mounted on the driving shaft, the spur or friction wheel or pinion carried
by such arm or arms being driven by a corresponding pinion or wheel fixed to
the driving shaft, and the pulley carried by such arm or arms driving, through
the medium of a belt (or other continuous driver as aforesaid) a pulley fixed upon
the driven shaft.
In order to facilitate reversing a motor vehicle, or other machine, while the
prime mover is continuously running, two sets of gear of the character above
described are employed, but in one of them a third spur or friction wheel or
pinion is introduced between the other two, or the belt may be crossed.
In order to enable the speed of the travelling wheels of a motor vehicle, or of
the operative parts of other machine, to be varied in relation to the speed of the
prime mover, while the prime mover is continuously running, two or more sets
of gear of the character firstly above described are employed, having the propor
tions of the pulleys or of the spur or friction wheel and pinion, or of both, varied
to give the differences in speed desired; and if it is desired, also, that the vehicle
or machine shall be capable, while the prime mover is continuously running, of
being reversed, one or more sets of gear having the intermediate spur or friction
wheel or pinion, above described, or having the belt, crossed, are used also.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed to
describe, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a convenient practical
application thereof.
Figure 1 shews, in side elevation, a gear constructed according to this invention
fer use in stopping and starting a motor vehicle, or the operative parts of other
machine, whilst the prime mover is continuously running. Figure 2 is an
elevation of such gear, as seen looking in the direction of the arrow Figure 1.
Figure is a plan of the gear shewn by Figure 1, but for the sake of clearness
of illustration the means of operating the arms are omitted in this view. Figure 4
is a similar view to Figure 1, but is a vertical section taken on line of
Figure 5 and shews a method of operating at will, by a single handle, either of
two or more sets of gear. And Figure 5 is a plan view of the gear shewn by
Figure 4.
Referring first to Figures 1, 2 and 3, I will describe the gearing illustrated on
the assumption that the shaft A is the motor shaft, but the shaft B might be the
motor shaft, if such an arrangement were convenient in the special circumstances
in which the gearing was used; or either the shaft A or the shaft B might be
an intermediate shaft between the motor and any shaft requiring to be driven.
Upon the motor shaft A is fixed the flanged belt pulley C. Upon the driven
shaft B are mounted, so as to be readily capable of turning loosely thereon, a
pair of arms D. These arms carry a short pin or spindle a, and around this
spindle is placed a flanged belt pulley E and a spur or friction wheel F. The
wheels E and F are either both fixed upon the spindle a, or if mounted to turn
loosely thereon are fixed to one another. The pulley E is driven from the pulley C
by means of the belt b. A spur or friction pinion G is fixed upon the driven
shaft B and gears into the wheel F, and thus, the shaft B is driven from the
pulley A through the medium of the pulley E, wheel F, and pinion G. According
to the method, shewn by full lines, of operating the arms D so as to lower or
raise the axis of the pin or spindle a, to slacken or tighten the belt b, the arms
are extended beyond the axis of the pin a and their outer ends are connected, by

page_text: means of a link c, with the outer end of the arm d of a two-armed or bell-crank
lever H which is fulcrumed at e. The upward arm'f of this lever terminates as
a handle, and such arm may be held, in any of a number of different positions,
by means of a toothed quadrant J, as shewn. The quadrant is conveniently
formed with downwardly projecting ratchet teeth, as shewn, and the arm f of
the lever as a tube. s is a bevelled-headed catch piece the middle of which passes
through the arm f and is pressed up by a spring t inside the tube to ensure the
automatic engagement of the projecting portions with the ratchet teeth. The
catch piece may be pressed down out of engagement with the teeth, when the
arm f is to be moved forward to cause the slackening of the belt, by pressing the
thumb on a button or knob fixed on the top of a rod u which passes down the axis
of the arm.
An alternative method of operating the arms D is indicated by
broken lines Figure 1, in which case a lever H¹ is fixed at its lower end to the inner
end of one of the levers D, and terminates in a handle. This lever H¹ may also
be held in any of a number of different positions by means of a toothed quadrant.
When the arrangement shewn by broken lines is used for operating the arms they
do not, of course, require to be extended outwards beyond the connection of the
pin a.
:
By applying two sets of gear, such as shewn by Figures 1, 2 and 3, to the
shafts A and B, with the belt b¹ of one of them crossed as indicated by broken
lines, it will be obvious that the motor vehicle or other machine may be readily
reversed, as it is necessary for such purpose only to slacken one of the belts and
tighten the other.
The reversing may be effected, also, if an intermediate spur
or friction wheel or pinion is introduced between the wheel F and pinion of of
one of the sets of gear.
It will be obvious, also, that the speed of the driven shaft B, in relation to
the driving shaft A, may be varied while the motor is continuously running, by
using two or more gears, such as shewn by Figures 1, 2 and 3, if the proportions
of the pulleys or wheels or of the pulleys and wheels which are used in conveying
the power from the one shaft to the other vary in each gear.
The gearing shewn by Figures 4 and 5 may be regarded as representing itwo
sets of gear for driving in the same direction, but at different speeds, and a
third set of gear for reversing; and these illustrations are given more especially
to shew a means which may be adopted for operating by means of the same handle
either set of gear as desired. These means consist of a guide and locking frame K,
having a longitudinal slot g with branch slots running backwards therefrom at
right angles and forming gatings to receive the handle when used with the
different gears, respectively. The handle L is mounted to be capable of sliding
endways upon a fixed pin i, and has a short lever or lifter formed to project
beyond the fulcrum and at an angle with the main portion of the handle. Each
pair of arms D are connected at their outer ends with the lower end of a rod m,
which passes up through a fixed guide n, and is formed with a projection o at its
uppen end beneath which the end of the lifter k may be brought to raise the
rod m and the pair of levers with which it is connected. Each rod m is provided
with a collar p, which forms a stop against the top of the guiden and thus fixes
the point to which the pair of arms to which it is connected can fall. When
either pair of arms is to be raised by the handle, the handle is moved along the
slot g until it comes opposite to the slot or gating h which appertains to the gear
which is to be put into operation. The handle is then drawn back into the slot,
and the lifter raises the corresponding rod m and thus raises the pair of arms
to which such rod is connected. Each slot his provided with a toothed quad-
rant r, as shewn, by means of which the handle is held in the position to which it
has been drawn back. The frame K and the guide n are shewn, by Figure 5, as
fixed at their ends to side plates or frames M.
A single set of reversing gear will usually be sufficient for a motor vehicle,
but in the case of some such vehicles, and sometimes in the case of other machines,
two or more sets of reversing gear, to drive at different speeds, may be required.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Driving gear, for a motor vehicle or other machine, which comprises a
pulley fixed upon a driving shaft (or upon a driven shaft) a pulley which is
geared by means of a belt (or other continuous driver) with the first-mentioned
pulley and is carried in the outer end, or ends, of an arm, or pair of arms, which,
or each of which, is mounted on the driven shaft (or on the driving shaft), a spur
or friction wheel, or pinion, which is carried also by such arm, or pair of arms,
and turns with the pulley which is carried by such arm. or pair of arms, a spur
or friction pinion, or wheel, fixed to the driven shaft (or to the driving shaft)
and geared with the spur or friction wheel or pinion first mentioned, and means
by which the arm or arms may be moved to alter the distance between the pulleys,
substantially as described.
2. Driving gear, for a motor vehicle or other machine, which comprises a pulley
fixed upon a driving shaft (or upon a driven shaft), a pulley which is geared by
means of a belt (or other continuous driver) with the first mentioned pulley and
is carried in the outer end, or ends, of an arm, or pair of arms, which, or each of
which, is mounted on the driven shaft (or on the driving shaft), a spur or friction
wheel, or pinion, which is carried also by such arm, or pair of arms, and turns
with the pulley which is carried by such arm or pair of arms, a spur or friction
pinion, or wheel, fixed to the driven shaft (or to the driving shaft) and geared
with the spur or friction wheel or pinion first-mentioned, and means by which
the arm or arms may be moved to alter the distance between the pulleys, in
combination with a second set of apparatus of the same character but adapted,
either by means of a crossed belt which passes around the pulleys or by equivalent
means, to drive in the reverse direction, substantially as described.
3. Driving gear, for a motor vehicle or other machine, which consists of two
or more sets of apparatus, each comprising a pulley fixed upon a driving shaft
(or upon a driven shaft) a pulley which is geared by means of a belt (or other
continuous driver) with the first-mentioned pulley and is carried in the outer end,
or ends, of an arm, or pair of arms, which, or each of which, is mounted on the
driven shaft (or on the driving shaft); a spur or friction wheel, or pinion, which
is carried also by such arm, or pair of arms, and turns with the pulley which is
carried by such arm or pair of arms, a spur or friction pinion, or wheel, fixed to
the driven shaft (or to the driving shaft) and geared with the spur or friction
wheel or pinion first mentioned, and means by which the arm or arms may be
moved to alter the distance between the pulleys, each set of apparatus
being adapted to drive in the same direction but at a different speed
to any other set, substantially as described; and also the combination of
such sets of apparatus with a set or sets adapted to drive in the reverse direction,
substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1807