matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING OR TWISTING YARNS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Nelson Taylor and Joah
Lodge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 28th March 1867.
We, FREDERICK NELSON TAYLOR and JOAH LODGE, both of Huddersfield,
in the County of York, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING
OR TWISTING YARNS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the doubling or twisting together of two or more
yarns or threads of different colours or of different kinds of material by
winding or twisting one, two, or more threads spirally around. one, two, or
more other threads; and our improvements consist in the employment of a
series of hollow tubes or studs fixed at one end in a suitable bracket or rail,
and on each of which studs is mounted a whirl or pulley carrying a flyer or
guide, also a bobbin carrying yarn or thread and capable of rotating on the
said stud. One or more threads of one kind or colour of yarn is passed or
drawn through the tube or hollow stud, and the end of the thread on the
bobbin, which may be of a different kind or colour, is passed through the
eye or eyes of the flyer or guide and attached to the yarn which is passing
through the tube, and on rotary motion being given to the said flyer the yarn
on the bobbin will be unwound therefrom and and wound or twined around
the yarn passing through the tube; and when more than one kind or colour of
yarn is desired to be wound or twined around another kind or colour of yarn
two or more spool pikes or studs are fixed into the whirl or pulley, and spool
bobbins placed thereon carrying the different kinds or colours of yarn, each

page_text: of which is provided with a guide for the said yarns to pass through, and may
be set or adjusted so as to cause them to be laid in any desired order or
arrangement of the various colours or kind of yarn. Also the relative speed
of the travel of the body yarn through the tube and the rotation of the whirl
or pulley may be so arranged or adjusted as to place the spirally wound
or twined thread at any desirable distance apart or to lay them close together
upon the body yarn...
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FASTENING OR SECURING METAL BANDS OR HOOPS ON COTTON AND OTHER BALES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Benjamin Pothier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
September 1867.-A communication from abroad by Daniel Swett, of
Vicksburgs, in the United States of America.
I, LOUIS BENJAMIN POTHIER, of New Orleans, in the United States of
America, Merchant, now temporarily residing at Paris, in the Empire of
France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FASTENING OR SECURING METAL BANDS OR HOOPS ON COTTON AND OTHER
BALES," to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
fastening or securing the ends of the metal bands or hoops employed to confine
bales of cotton and other merchandize, whereby great strength and power of
resistance in the fastening are obtained.
The ends of the band or hoop are secured or fastened together in the
following manner :-One of the ends of the band or hoop is bent into a plane
parallel to the unbent portion so as to form a hook, and the band or hoop is
passed around the bale in the usual manner while the bale is under pressure
in the cotton or other press. Upon the hook of the band a flat ring is placed,
one end of the said ring being situated against the end of the hook at the
junction of the latter with the band or hoop. The other end of the band or
hoop is next passed through the ring described, and its extremity bent around
the end of the said ring into a plane parallel with the said ring and the band
or hoop from which it was bent; a second hook is thereby formed. The

page_text: extremities of the band or hoop are thereby bent in opposite directions, and
the hooks thus formed bear respectively upon the opposite ends of the flat
ring placed between them. The hooks or terminating portions of the band or
hoop extend some distance on either side of the ring, the said terminating
portions being at least eight inches in length. When the bale is released
from the pressure to which it has been subjected in the press its expansion
causes the hooks to bear with great firmness upon the opposite ends respectively
of the ring, and at the same time the pressure which is exerted at right
angles to that described presses the projecting ends of the hooks outwards,
and binds them firmly against the band or hoop from which they were made.
The ends of the band or hoop are thus fastened very securely together and
are capable of resisting great pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATON left by John William Parker Field at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th January 1867.
I, JOHN WILLIAM PARKER FIELD, of 233, High Holborn, in the County of
Middlesex, Gun Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the breech-loading gun known as "Snider's "
patented on the 21st June 1862, No. 1828, and consists in the adaptation
and application thereto of a spring bolt for the purpose of preventing the
liability of the breech block being lifted by the explosion of the cartridge.
This bolt is formed with a cavity in which is inserted a spiral or other spring,
and the bolt itself is inserted in a cavity formed in the breech block. On the
bolt is also formed a tooth, which when the breech block is closed is caused
to pass into a suitable cavity formed in the shoe. In order to liberate the
breech block it is only necessary to press back the head of the bolt with the
thumb, thereby compressing the spring within the bolt, and allowing the
retaining tooth to pass out of the cavity in the shoe.
AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OF MATERIALS AND THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO LETTERS, ENVELOPES, PARCELS, PACKAGES, DEEDS, AND OTHER VALUABLE PAPERS OR COMMODITIES, POR THEIR BETTER SECURITY BY EXPOSING ANY ATTEMPT AT TAMPERING THEREWITH
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Maitland Tate at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd February 1867.
I, CHARLES MAITLAND TATE, of No. 13, Claremont Square, in the Parish
of Clerkenwell, and County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OF MATERIALS
AND THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO LETTERS, ENVELOPES, PARCELS, PACKAGES, DEEDS,
AND OTHER VALUABLE PAPERS OR COMMODITIES, POR THEIR BETTER SECURITY BY
EXPOSING ANY ATTEMPT AT TAMPERING THEREWITH," to be as follows:→
First, my Invention consists in the preparation of gummed strips or pieces
of gutta percha or india-rubber (caoutchouc), isinglass, gelatine, or any animal
tissue of any required form; or of strips or pieces of paper, silk, or other
suitable material prepared with oils or any of the resinous gums to render
such strips or pieces impervious to water or the action of damp, & after to
I or coat them on one side with gum, or other mucilaginous matter to
render them adhesive, or in the preparation of the "flap" of the envelope
itself in a similar manner.
Second, the application and use of such strips or pieces when attached to
envelopes, parcels, packages, deeds, and other valuable papers or commodities,
has for its object the securing of such articles by the exposure of any atteinpt
at removing the strips or pieces therefrom, as the strips cannot be removed
by heat or moisture without at once showing that they have been subjected to

page_text: the action of one or other of these agencies. Gutta percha and india-rubber
being already impervious to moisture I "serve" or prepare one side alone
with gum or mucilage to render it adhesive.
Third, the strips or pieces thus prepared are applied to envelopes, or the
covering enclosing any article, by moistening the gummed side, as in the case
of an ordinary postage or receipt stamp, and applying them across the "flap "
or joint of the envelopes or coverings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND VESSELS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Duncan Mathias
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th October 1867.
I, GEORGE HENRY DUNCAN MATHIAS, of East Cowes, Isle of Wight, Clerk.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is to gain the desired object of increase of speed and
stability for steam ships by so firmly connecting two sister ships that there
cannot be the least fear of their parting at sea. The ships are built as
ordinary vessels, only the proportion of the length to the breadth is about
double that of ordinary steamers, about 15 or 16 to 1. These vessels are con-
structed side by side with a framework in them (about 4 or 5 such in each
vessel) as shewn in the accompanying Drawing at D; this framework rises
above the deck to some height, and is contrived so as to exactly receive the
connecting tubes or girders. Four or more tubes of open or lattice girder work
are constructed; their length is of about three times the width of one of the
vessels. These tubes will also support a wooden deck extending over most of
the space between the sister ships, and this wooden deck will be made of open
grating work fore and aft to let any sea that is shipped pass through
immediately. Full Drawings of the tubes are appended, they are made as
light as possible consistent with great strength, and between them they carry
the paddle wheel which propels the vessel. Each vessel is constructed with
considerable sheer, and so high out of the water as not to run a risk of

page_text: shipping a sea amidships. The sides are nearly wall-sided, and the stern
tapers to much the same extent as the bow. The engines are double,
placed one in each vessel, and the steering is managed by two Shieldham or
balanced rudders, one on each vessel. The vessels may be built on any lines, but
a rather flat floor is desirable. The tubes are brought as near the water as
possible (consistent with their not being struck in a high sea) in order to
bring the centre of gravity as low as may be. Each vessel carries its own
engines, fuel, and stores, the central deck being used only as a quarter-deck,
besides deck cabins for passengers; masts may be carried and sails used
before the wind. Each vessel may be built if agreeable in water-tight com-
partments, each compartment terminating at the iron framework that receives
the tubes. It is calculated that great extra speed will be thus obtained with
much more stability than is possible with steam ships as at present
constructed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING LACE AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Bryant Baker and Leonard
Lindley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 4th December 1867.
We, FRANCIS BRYANT BAKER and LEONARD LINDLEY, both of the Town
and County of the Town of Nottingham, Lace Dyers and Dressers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING
LACE AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in ornamenting lace and
other textile fabrics. For this purpose we employ seeds of various kinds, and
globular and other shaped ornaments made of compositions of sugar, plaster of
Paris, or other suitable material, and paper cut or stamped out to any desired.
pattern, such materials being suitably dyed or stained or coated with a compo-
sition of the colour desired. Or in the case of paper it may be embossed and
printed to any desired pattern and colours. Ornaments of the character
above mentioned we apply to lace and other textile fabrics by dipping them
in gum or other suitable adhesive material or by applying gum or other
suitable adhesive material to the back thereof and then placing them in
position on the textile fabric to be ornamented in any desired pattern. By
dipping in or coating the ornaments with solutions of gum, gelatine, albumen,
or varnishes, the color of such ornaments is considerably brightened, thereby

page_text: improving the appearance and rendering them more lasting. In order to
facilitate the application of ornaments of the character above mentioned to
lace and other textile fabrics we, by preference, stretch such fabrics in a
tentering or other suitable frame and employ a pattern either above or below
the fabric to act as a guide to the person applying such ornaments.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRICKET SPIKES' TO BE MADE IN STEEL, IRON, BRASS, OR ANY OTHER METAL OR MATERIAL
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wareing at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd.
February 1867.
I, JOSEPH WAREING, of Number 58, Lancaster Street, Birmingham, in
the Borough of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare
the nature of my Invention or "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRICKET SPIKES' TO BE
MADE IN STEEL, IRON, BRASS, OR ANY OTHER METAL OR MATERIAL," to be as.
follows:-
My Invention has for its object an improved method of fastening on or thie-,
better securing upon leather, wood, or other material, for its utility and
assistance in running, walking, or jumping, to consist of a piece of metal with
one, two, three, or more projections from the surface or edge of the same to
be driven into any material, the under surface of which boots, shoes, or other
covering for the feet are made of, and then fastened down with screws, nails,
or pins, for the better securing or fastening the same to the aforesaid materials.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUET FRAMES, LIQUOR FRAMES, AND OTHER FRAMES FOR HOLDING BOTTLES AND VESSELS, AND IN THE BOTTLES AND VESSELS TO BE HELD BY THE SAID FRAMES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ireland at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th February
1867.
I, GEORGE IRELAND, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Manager of
Works, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CRUET FRAMES, LIQUOR FRAMES, AND OTHER FRAMES FOR HOLDING BOTTLES AND
VESSELS, AND IN THE BOTTLES AND VESSELS TO BE HELD BY THE SAID FRAMES," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements berein-after described in frames
for holding cruets and castors, liquor bottles, pickle jars, and other bottles,
and vessels, and in bottles and vessels to be held by the said frames, by which
improvements the said bottles and vessels are securely held in the said frames
without the support usually employed at or about the middle of the bottles or
vessels in cruet, liquor, and other such frames as usually constructed.
In making cruet, liquor, and other such frames according to my Invention I
construct the base of the frame of a series of tubular rings situated in the
same horizontal plane, and provided with a central stem or handle similar to
that of an ordinary cruet or liquor frame; or I make the base of the frame
of a plate having holes made in it, each of the said holes constituting a short
tube. The base is supported on ornamented feet. I make the bottles or
vessels for the said frames with a cylindrical termination or foot at bottom of
smaller diameter than the part immediately above it. The said cylindrical
terminations or feet are of such a size that they enter freely into the rings or
tubular holes in the base of the frame, but are not sufficiently loose to permit

page_text: the bottle or vessel to take a position much inclined to the axis of the rings or
tubular holes. When the bottles or vessels are placed in the said rings or
tubular holes they are supported therein by the shoulder above the cylindrical
foot, and are preserved in a vertical position by the fitting of the said foot in
the said rings or holes. The bottles or vessels cannot be accidentally removed
from the frame unless it be almost inverted, while they are readily removed by
hand by being lifted vertically. Although I prefer to make the rings or holes
cylindrical, that is circular in cross section, yet the said rings or holes may be
made square, or of other figure in cross section, the terminations or feet of the
bottles and vessels having a corresponding figure. By securing bottles and
vessels in frames in the manner described great scope for variety in the orna-
mental figure of the said bottles and vessels is obtained, as the restriction on
the design which exists when the bottle or vessel has to be grasped by a ring
at its middle is removed.
IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Noble Seward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th September
1867.
I, NOBLE SEWARD, M.D., of Riversdale, Templeogue, in the County of
Dublin, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER," to be as
follows:-
I propose to use the sea, lake, pond, or river, or I construct a reservoir or
tank containing water, mercury, or other suitable fluid, in which fluid is
immersed an air vessel descending to any desired depth, the bottom of which
air vessel is opened while it is closed at the top. Communicating with the
top of this air vessel is a pipe provided with a cock or valve, through which
air or gases under pressure are forced either by pumps or by the combustion
of explosive compounds into the upper part of the air vessel; a syphon tube
also passes through the top of the air vessel and descends in the fluid nearly
to the bottom of the air vessel, which tube has a cock or valve to the bottom
thereof, while the external leg of the syphon, also provided with a cock or
valve, passes to a turbine, water wheel, or other motive-power engine capable
of being worked by the flow or pressure of the fluid. The pressure of the air
or gas inside the air vessel causes the water or other fluid to pass through the
syphon on to the motive-power engine, thus producing motive power available
for industrial purposes, part of which power is employed in conveying the
fluid passing from the engine back into the sea, reservoir, or tank by

page_text: means of a pump or other suitable apparatus for raising fluids. Or the
whole of the power may be employed in raising the fluids to such a height
that before re-entering the sea, tank, or reservoir it flows upon and imparts
motion to a water wheel or other motive-power engine capable of being worked
by fluids.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LAMP BURNERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Milton Alexander Hamilton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the 26th
November 1867.
I, MILTON ALEXANDER HAMILTON, of Detroit, Michigan, United States of
America, now of No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LAMP BURNERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to lamp burners for burning mineral oils, and the
nature of the said Invention consists in the novel construction of the said
burners, whereby the wick can be lighted without removing the globe or
chimney. An aperture is formed in the side of the body of the burner, which
aperture is closed by a sliding valve acted on by a spring which keeps the
valve closed except when held open by the hand during the act of lighting the
wick. The body of the burner may be of any ordinary form and construction
suitable for burning mineral oils and provided with a globe or chimney. The
wick tube in the centre of the burner is partially surrounded by a cap or
cover which is adjustably attached to the body of the burner; the wick tube
is provided with spurs for raising and lowering the wick. The aperture is
made through the side of the body of the burner below the shoulder for
supporting the base of the chimney, and is of suitable size to allow of the
introduction of a lighted taper or match for lighting the wick. The sliding
valve which closes the aperture may be placed either on the inside or outside
of the burner and is provided with a button or projection which slides laterally

page_text: in an oblong aperture or slot; this button extends outward from the side of
the burner a sufficient distance to be conveniently pressed upon by the thumb
or finger when it is desired to open the said aperture; the neck and head of
the button forms a means for attaching the said sliding valve securely to the
burner, but allows the valve to move freely in a lateral direction when the
aperture is to be opened. The spring for keeping the said aperture closed
may be formed of steel or other metal and attached to any convenient
portions of the burner and valve in such a manner as to act in the required
direction upon the latter. When the valve is released from the pressure of
the hand the spring will force it over the aperture against a pin or stop which
keeps the said valve from passing too far over the aperture. The sliding
valve is preferably arranged with its button in such relation to the projecting
axle of the wick spurs that the said axle will afford a purchase for the fingers
of one hand to allow the said valve to be drawn and held back without danger
of upsetting or tilting the lamp, while with the other hand the lighted taper
or match is introduced through the aperture.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wrigley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th November
1867.
I, THOMAS WRIGLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that portion of the permanent way of railways
termed the "switch rail," and is designed to effect a more perfect and per-
manent joint such rail and main line to which it is connected than has
hitherto been accomplished; at present the ordinary "fish plates" are used
for such purpose and are loosely screwed up in order to allow the "switch
rail" to be moved easily by the "pointsman" when it is desired to divert the
course of the train from one line to another.
The improvements consist in the application and use of two plates which
are bolted to each side of the main rail, and which are each provided at the
extremities near the junction of the rail with swellings or projections of
semicircular form, two other plates are bolted to the "switch rail," and the
projecting ends are curved so as to embrace and partly encircle the semi-
circular ends of the other plates which constitutes a union similar to a "ball-
and-socket joint," within which the rail and switch are grasped, and on which

page_text: the switch moves; thus the switch is firmly held by the novel adaptation of
fish plates, and yet is capable of being moved from side to side on its joint or
union, and the plates being screwed closely to the rail and switch no aperture
is. left for the accumulation of dirt and cinders, which often prevents the close
contact of the switch with the rail
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING SUGAR SYRUP
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Dawson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th December
1867.
I, JAMES DAWSON, of Greenock, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Engineer and Sugar Refiner, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING SUGAR SYRUP," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the treating of sugar syrup which is turbid and
apparently of inferior quality, and it consists in causing steam to be blown
through such syrup, whereby it is brightened or rendered clear and is greatly
improved.
The Invention may be conveniently carried out in practice by means of a
perforated pipe arranged at the bottom of a vessel in which the syrup is put,
the steam introduced by such perforated pipe being of the pressure of about
thirty pounds per square inch above the atmosphere.
A TRAVELLING TRUNK, BATH, AND CRADLE COMBINED
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Bailey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1867.
`I, WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of the Albion Works, Salford, in the County
of Lancaster, Brassfounder, Turret Clock and Steam Guage Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A TRAVELLING
TRUNK, BATH, AND CRADLE COMBINED," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the construction of an article to be used
either as a travelling trunk, bath, or infant's cradle, the cost of producing
which will be little more than the price of either a bath, trunk, or cradle of
the same size purchased separately.
Now this Invention consists in constructing a bath of any convenient form
and of any suitable material, but by preference of sheet metal, with a lid,
which can either slide or be hinged on the top so as to be removed altogether
at pleasure, having lugs at the sides through which straps may pass, if deemed
necessary, to bind the bath round when used as a travelling trunk.
This Invention further consists in constructing rockers of either wood,
metal, or any other suitable material, to be applied to the bottom of the bath
or travelling trunk, so that it may be used as a cradle, in which case the said
rockers are provided with projections which pass into the lugs (otherwise used
for the straps) on the sides of the bath. It should be understood that a
travelling trunk and infant's cradle may be constructed on the same principle,
but of such materials as not to be suitable for a bath.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN SLIDING GASALIERS, CHANDELIERS, AND OTHER PENDENT Lamps
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry William Sambidge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd October 1867.
I, HENRY WILLIAM SAMBIDGE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN SLIDING GASALIERS, CHANDELIERS, AND OTHER PENDENT Lamps,"
to be as follows (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists in dispensing with the ordinary water joint by the
substitution of a solid boss or carrier upon the outer tube, which boss or
carrier is for the purpose of sustaining the balance weight chains. Two tubes
only are employed one sliding within the other, and above the boss or carrier
is fitted a gland or stuffing box through which the inner tube works. The
boss may be formed upon gasaliers upon the old system by closing and
hermetically sealing the ordinary water cup, but in new ones it may assume
any desired form.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMBINATION OF MATERIALS TO BE USED FOR FILTERING LIQUIDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cornelius Kerby at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th December
1867.
I, CORNELIUS KERBY, of St. Dunstan's Hill, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
COMBINATION OF MATERIALS TO BE USED FOR FILTERING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the combination of certain materials for the
filtration of liquids, and by the employment of which that operation can be
performed with great efficiency. A sheet of linen, calico, or any other
textile or felted material possessing the requisite degree of strength and
porosity or permeability is covered with a layer of paper pulp, such as that of
which ordinary filtering paper is manufactured, there being no size mixed
therewith. Adhesion between the pulp and the fabric is obtained by sub-
jecting the sheet of fabric so coated as before mentioned to the pressure of
a hot roller. For the filtration of water containing organic impurities,
charcoal in a pulverised state may be combined with the paper pulp, and in
like manner other substances which are capable of acting upon the liquid or
liquids under treatment according to well known chemical principles may be
beneficially combined with the pulp. In order to give a greater area for
filtration within a given space the materials combined in accordance with
this Invention may, if desired, have a corrugated form imparted thereto, and
which may be done by employing fluted rollers for effecting the adhesion
between the pulp and the fabric upon which it is placed.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR GIVING ALARM IN CASES OF FIRE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Crossley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd May
1867.
I, THOMAS CROSSLEY, of Bridgeport, Connecticut, in the United States of
America, but at present residing in Trafalgar Square, in the City of West-
minster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR GIVING ALARM IN CASES OF FIRE," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improved apparatus for giving alarm in cases of fire has
for its object to adapt an alarm apparatus to bells in churches, towers, and
other public buildings, so that in cases of fire in the neighbourhood the
inbabitants may be aroused and be enabled to afford assistance to extinguish
the conflagration.
In carrying out the Invention I adapt a hammer or striker to some con-
venient part of the framework which supports the bell. The hammer or striker
is fixed at the end of a thin steel bar, the opposite end of which bears against a
flat spring or bar connected by a long rod, cord, or wire to a rigid lever
below, which may be called the tappet lever, inasmuch as a tappet wheel,
cam wheel, or other analogous wheel or device is made to bear against and
depress one end of the lever when the tappet wheel rotates; this tappet
wheel may be rotated by means of a handle or winch keyed on to its shaft or
axle, or it may be driven by bands or toothed gearing actuated by a winch
handle. It will now be understood that by communicating motion to the
tappet wheel the tappets will act on the tappet lever, and by means of the

page_text: long rod, wire, cord, or chain connected with the striker shaft the latter will
be operated and the hammer or striker made to impart a rapid succession
of blows to the bell, and thus sound an alarm. The winch handle below,
whereby the alarum is actuated, must be accessible, so that immediately an
alarm of fire is raised the operator can by giving a few rapid turns of the
winch set the apparatus in motion and continue the alarm for a sufficient
length of time, he may then turn the winch slowly so as to cause the
hammer to strike any given number 'of.. blows in slow succession, thereby
indicating the quarter or locality of the fire.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING AND UNSTOPPERING THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hesketh Hughes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
October 1867.
I, HESKETH HUGHES, of Homerton, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING AND
UNSTOPPERING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My Invention, so far as it relates to bottles and other like receptacles such
as preserving jars and others, consists in forming an aperture transversely
through the neck extending through both sides in addition to the ordinary
vertical aperture; this transverse aperture may be square, round, or other
convenient shape in section; it is preferably tapered, and is intended to receive
a cork or stopper for closing the mouth of the bottle or receptacle; the
ordinary vertical aperture is then only used when filling or cleaning.
My apparatus for stoppering and unstoppering bottles and like receptacles
having these transverse apertures consists of a ring or cap to fit over the neck of
the bottle, this ring or cap being provided with a nut through which a screw
passes; this screw has at its inner end a button or plug, which as the screw
turns is pushed in or out; the outer end of the screw is provided with a
handle. In corking or stoppering the cork or stopper is inserted into the
transverse aperture, the stoppering apparatus is then applied, and by turning
the screw the button drives the stopper in tight. To unstopper, the apparatus
is applied at the opposite end of the stopper.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN HOT WATER APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND WARMING PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Crowe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th June
1867.
I, HENRY CROWE, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HOT WATER APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND WARMING PURPOSES," to be.
as follows:-
My improvements are applicable to hot water apparatus for heating and
warming by the circulation of heated water through pipes, and more par-
ticularly to such apparatus where the pipes are required to be at a low level,
and where it would be inconvenient and expensive to place the boiler apparatus
below the level of the circulating pipes, this being necessary in ordinary hot
water apparatus to produce a proper circulation of the water.
My improvements consist in concentrating the heated currents of water
arising from the heating surfaces of the boiler, and directing them into a
separate compartment at the upper part of the boiler, and in making the
outlet for hot water from this compartment, and after circulating the hot
water through the pipes returning it cooled to the bottom of the boiler to a
cavity, vessel, or compartment under or around the boiler and ash-pit. The
cold water to feed the boiler is contained in an open vessel above the boiler,
and is connected with the lower cavity or compartiment by a separate pipe.
There is also a vent pipe from the top of the boiler to the vessel containing
the feed water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest George Wolffgang at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
October 1867. A communication from abroad by Rudolph Klemme, of
Crefeld, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturer.
I, ERNEST GEORGE WOLFFGANG, of 11, Staining Lane, in the City of London,
Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS," (being a communication
to me from abroad by Rudolph Klemme, of Crefeld, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, Manufacturer,) to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of ribbons of cotton velvet
with silk satin edges or stripes, and consists in the mode herein-after described
of preparing the velvet to receive strips of silk satin as required, and of
applying such strips to the same. For this purpose the face of the velvet is
indented in stripes of the requisite width and at the requisite distances apart
by passing it through a pair of rollers, the lower one of which is smooth, and
the upper one has ribs or projections formed on it corresponding with the
required widths and positions of the stripes.
The silk satin out of which the strips are intended to be formed is covered
on the back with a thin coating of caoutchouc or other suitable adhesive
substance, and then divided into strips of the required width by its being

page_text: passed between two suitably formed steel cylindrical cutters. And the strips
are applied to the velvet by the pressure of suitably formed rollers, which are
heated, and by means of their heat dissolve the caoutchouc or adhesive substance,
thereby causing the strips to adhere firmly to the velvet as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RULING PENS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hartin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th January
1867.
I, WILLIAM HARTIN, of Battersea, in the County of Surrey, Accountant, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RULING
PENS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in ruling pens has for its object to produce
a pen of steel, gold, or other material for the purpose of making two or more
lines simultaneously for ruling and other purposes. To this end the instru-
ment or pen is made with two or more distinct nibs or marking points, which
although separated from each other by an opening which will cause the ink to
divide are yet connected to the same barrel.. These pens are made in the
same way as ordinary steel pens, that is, from thin sheet steel stamped or
otherwise formed into the desired shape. Two, three, or more nibs may be
thus combined in one instrument, and one or more of these nibs may be made
to produce thick or coarse strokes, while others may be made to produce fine
strokes.
As a modification the barrel of the pen may be made in the form of a
double or treble penholder to receive separate nibs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF SHIPS AND BOATS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Bonney at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th May 1867.
I, FRANCIS BONNEY, of Kensington, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF SHIPS AND BOATS," to be as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention has reference to the construction of ships and boats with a
view to obviate in a great degree or measure the evils arising from their
pitching or rolling at sea, and also to provide better accommodation for cargo
or otherwise by extending the capacity of the said vessels, and thereby
ennabling the same to be employed as armour-plated ships of war, rams, or for
commercial or other purposes, and consists in building the said ships or
boats with semicircular or projecting angular sides gradually curving upwards
from midships to the stem and stern, so as to extend throughout the entire
length of the vessel immediately above the water line, by the construction of
which the said vessels on inclining to either side of a horizontal position
through the action of the wind or waves shall present an increased superficial
displacement and consequent controlling action on the lateral and longitudinal
movements of the said vessels, additional room being obtained through the
medium of the extended sides and flush deck.
PRODUCING AND APPLYING A SELF-ACTING MECHANICAL POWER FOR WORKING MACHINERY
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander James Hardy Elliot at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th March 1867.
I, ALEXANDER JAMES HARDY ELLIOT, Lieut.-Colonel in Her Majesty's
Army, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "PRODUCING AND
APPLYING A SELF-ACTING MECHANICAL POWER FOR WORKING MACHINERY," to be as
follows:-
Two lever powers are to be fixed in such a position as to work side by
side, but from opposite or contrary directions of leverage, having their
respective forces applied to the pistons of two perpendicular metallic cylinders
fixed over the points of leverage; these two cylinders to be connected by air
tubes with two elongated cylinders of similar cubic measurement placed at a
higher level, & fixed perpendicularly over the arms or shafts of the opposite
levers, & having their pistons attached by rods to said opposite lever arms.
The elongated cylinders are to be supplied with valves at their upper surfaces,
which will be opened at a required elevation of the leverage by means of rods
or chains attached to the lever shafts, and thus by admitting air into the
elongated cylinders when the pistons have been drawn by suction (or air
exhaustion) to their highest elevation they will be suddenly released, and will
fall by the weight of the leverage attached to them, forcing up the arms of
the opposite levers in a similar manner, & so producing a self-acting con-
tinuous double lever power which may be applied to machinery.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF HARDENING PLASTER, PLASTER CASTINGS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bartholomew Philip Franzoni
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd July 1867.
I, BARTHOLOMEW PHILIP FRANZONI, of Oxford Street, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
OR IMPROVED METHOD OF HARDENING PLASTER, PLASTER CASTINGS, AND THE LIKE,'
to be as follows:-
"
My Invention consists in submitting plaster or materials, or articles made of
plaster, such as plaster castings, for the purpose of hardening and consequently
of rendering the same more durable, to a bath or solution of glue. I place the
articles to be hardened in a vessel or vessels containing glue in solution, and
allow them to remain there until they have absorbed a certain quantity of the
glue, the time being regulated according to the size of the article or articles
under treatment. I keep the glue sufficiently warm as not to harden during
the process, and this is accomplished by placing the vessel or vessels containing
the glue over a gas burner, or by heating it or them in any other more
convenient way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING FOLDING CARRIAGE STEFS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Kendrick at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st September
1867.
I, THOMAS KENDRICK, of Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Coach
Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SELF-ACTING FOLDING CARRIAGE STEFS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the arrangement or combination of parts of
mechanism herein-after described for folding and unfolding self-acting carriage
steps, that is to say, carriage steps which are unfolded on the opening of the
carriage door and folded up on the closing of the said carriage door. The con-
necting rod or lever which is acted upon by the carriage door, and by which the
steps are unfolded and folded up is in the ordinary arrangement connected to
the side bars of the step and passes through a slot or opening in the top step and
back vertical plate. By this lateral connection the carriage door is subjected to
much strain, and the object of my Invention is to reduce the said strain to a
minimum by so arranging the folding and unfolding mechanism as to cause it
to act upon the steps centrally instead of at the side as is usual.
In constructing folding carriage steps according to my Invention the parts
are arranged as follows:-At the inner side of the vertical back plate of the
carriage step, to which plate the top step is jointed, a horizontal axis is situated,
the said axis working in bearings on the said back plate; at the middle of the

page_text: said axis is a crank, and to the middle and under side of the top step a rod is
fixed, the outer end of the said rod being connected by means of a link with
the crank described; one end of the axis carrying the crank is provided with
an arm, to which arm the connecting rod or lever acted upon by the carriage
door is secured. When the carriage door is opened the connecting rod or
lever described is depressed, and the crank to which the rod under the top step
is connected is raised and the said step consequently unfolded. On closing
the carriage door the lever or connecting rod is raised and the crank depressed
and made to act through the link and rod described upon the top step, and
raise or fold the said step against the vertical back plate. The bottom step
is connected to the top step and to the inner sides of the back plate by means
of side bars or levers of the ordinary kind, the folding or unfolding of the top
step causing the bottom step to be folded or unfolded; the tread of the bottom
step is covered with wood, the said wood being fitted between ribs on the said
botton step. By arranging mechanism according to my Invention for folding
and unfolding carriage steps, the connecting rod or lever from the carriage
door is made to act centrally on the carriage.step instead of laterally as usual,
the strain on the carriage door is thereby reduced, and the slot or opening in
the top step, through which the connecting rod in the ordinary arrangement
passes, is avoided.
My Invention is applicable both to single folding carriage steps and double
folding carriage steps.
AN IMPROVED CASTER FOR TABLES, CHAIRS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
May 1867. A communication from abroad by Edward Ward Wilder and
Simon Garduer Cheever, both of Boston, Massachusetts, United States
of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 8,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Con-
sulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED CASTER FOR TABLES, CHAIRS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE," a
communication, to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists in the employment, in combination with the
ordinary parts of such casters, of an auxilliary antifriction roller with a convex
periphery supported to turn freely upon a stud or pin attached to the frame
of the caster, and arranged to roll upon a concave surface formed upon the
foot or leg to which the caster is attached or upon a circular plate secured
upon the same; the caster frame may be constructed of brass or other suitable
material and of any convenient form. The two jaws between which the
wheel is fitted are united at the top by a cross piece which carries the spindle
or shank of the caster_frame. Another parallel cross piece or rib extends
across the frame, the space between the two forming a chamber to receive the
auxilliary antifriction roller whose pin or axis is rivetted in the two cross
pieces; this pin or axis is arranged at an obtuse angle with the spindle or
sbank of the caster frame. The periphery of the antifriction roller is made

page_text: convex, and rolls upon a corresponding concave surface formed around the
under side of the flange or plate of the socket in which the shank or spindle
turns or swivels, or upon the bottom of the leg or foot to which the caster is
attached. This form and arrangement of the roller and its bearing surface,
besides reducing the direct friction between the spindle and socket, also prevents
the lateral or oblique strain and friction between the said spindle and socket
arising in casters of ordinary construction from the lateral distance between
the centres-of-the-said-spindle and the caster wheel. These improved casters
will turn freely, with the slightest movement of the article of furniture to
which they are attached, and will move in any direction without cutting or
otherwise injuring the floor or carpet upon which they travel.