IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OUT, STAMPING, AND EMBOSSING LOZENGES, JUJUBES, AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF FANCY CONFECTIONERY, AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM SOFT OR PLASTIC SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Pickering, of the City of York, Printer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OUT,
STAMPING, AND EMBOSSING LOZENGES, JUJUBES, AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF
FANCY CONFECTIONERY, AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM SOFT OR PLASTIC
SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS."
Sealed the 10th July 1868, and dated the 28th January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Pickering
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 28th January 1868.
I, ARTHUR PICKERING, of the City of York, Printer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OUT, STAMPING, AND EMBOSSING LOZENGES, JUJUBES,
AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF FANCY CONFECTIONERY AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM
SOFT OR PLASTIC SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the arrangement or combination herein,
after described of the parts of machinery for cutting out, stamping,
and embossing lozenges, jujubes, and various articles of fancy confec-
tionery, and other articles from soft or plastic substances or materials,
by which said arrangement or combination of parts the machine is

page_text: made to cut out, stamp, or emboss a large number of articles
simultaneously. I construct and arrange the parts of the said machinery
essentially in the following manner: The bed or foundation of the
machine is supported a convenient distance from the ground, and over
the said bed a cross head is fixed, in the middle of which cross head is
a screw box. In this screw box a vertical screw works, the said screw
being capable of receiving a motion of partial rotation by means of
a horizontal lever or handle. Between the vertical sides of the cross-
head a ram or plunger works, the said ram or plunger sliding in
guides in the vertical sides of the cross head. To the lower end of
the said ram or plunger a pressing plate of the same area as the table
of the machine is firmly secured. The lower end of the screw engages
in a recess in the top of the said ram or plunger. The direct or
descending motion of the ram or plunger is effected by the screw, and
the return or ascending motion of the ram or plunger when the screw
is not pressing it down is effected by a counterbalance weight. The
sheet of material from which the articles are to be cut, stamped, or
embossed is placed upon a table or platform, to which a sliding
horizontal motion is given by means of a winch. To the end of the
said table a frame of cutters equal to the area of the said table is
hinged. The said cutters have the shape of the articles to be cut out.
After the sheet from which the articles are to be cut has been laid
upon the table the frame of cutters is folded down upon the said
sheet, and by means of the winch described the said table, sheet of
material, and frame of cutters are made to advance underneath the
pressing plate and between it and the base of the machine. By now
giving the lever or handle of the screw a motion of partial rotation
the ram or plunger is made to descend and the pressing plate pressed
upon the frame of cutters, which are thus made to cut out the articles
from the sheet of material upon the table. By reversing the motion
of the lever or handle of the screw the ram or plunger and pressing
plate are allowed to rise by the action of the counterbalance weight,
and by means of the winch the table, the sheet of cut out articles,
and the frame of cutters are withdrawn from between the pressing
plate and base of the machine. The frame of cutters is raised upon
its hinges, and the cut out articles by a backward motion are emptied
on a receiver. The waste sheet of material is removed from the table,
when the machine is ready for repeating the operations described.
In cutting out by my improved machine articles having a ring-like

page_text: figure I employ two frames of cutters, one hinged to the end of the
table as herein-before described, and the other hinged to the side of
the table. The cutters of the lateral frame are of the size of the
exterior of the rings to be made, while the cutters of the end frame
5 are of the size of the holes to be made in the rings. The lateral
frame of cutters is first folded down upon the sheet of plastic material
on the table, and afterwards the end frame of cutters is folded upon
the lateral frame of cutters, the cutters of the said end frame enter-
ing those of the lateral. By means of the lateral frame of cutters
O disks are cut from the sheet, and by means of the end frame of cutters
lozenges or smaller disks are cut from the centres of the larger disks,
and ring-like articles are thereby formed.
formed. The tools employed may
either cut out only, stamp, or emboss the articles from the sheet
operated upon.
When the machine is used for stamping or embossing, a stamping
or embossing plate having the required design or device upon it is
used in place of the frame of cutters described. The said frame of
cutters is unhinged from the table, and the stamping or embossing
plate hinged thereto, and used in the manner herein described with
reference to the frame of cutters.
Although my Invention is specially applicable to the cutting out,
stamping, or embossing of lozenges and various articles of confectionery,
and other articles from plastic substances, yet my said Invention may
also be employed for cutting out, stamping, and embossing articles
from leather, gutta percha, paper, and various other materials which I
do not think it necessary to enumerate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur Pickering in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
PICKERING, of the City of York, Printer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight,
in the thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and

page_text: successors, give and grant unto me, the said Arthur Pickering, Her
special licence that I, the said Arthur Pickering, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Arthur
Pickering, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times:
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OUT, STAMPING, AND EMBOSSING
LOZENGES, JUJUBES, AND VARIOUS ARTICLES OF FANCY CONFECTIONERY, AND OTHER
ARTICLES FROM SOFT OR PLASTIC SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Arthur Pickering, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Pickering, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of the arrangement or combination herein-after
described of parts of machinery for cutting and stamping and embossing
lozenges, jujubes, and various articles of fancy confectionery, and other
articles from soft or plastic substances or materials, by which said
arrangement or combination of parts the machine is made to cut out
or to cut out and stamp or emboss a large number of articles
simultaneously.
I construct and arrange the parts of the said machinery essentially
in the following manner: The bed or foundation of the machine is
supported a convenient. Histance from the ground, and over the said bed
a cross heads fixed, in the middle of which cross head is a screw box.
In this screw box a vertical screw works, the said screw being capable
of receiving a motion of partial rotation by means of a horizontal lever
or handle. Between the vertical sides of the cross head a ram or
plunger works, the said ram or plunger sliding in guides in the vertical
sides of the cross head. To the lower end of the said ram or plunger a

page_text: pressing plate of the same area as the table of the machine is firmly
secured. The lower end of the screw engages in a recess in the top
of the ram or plunger. The direct or descending motion of the ram
or plunger is effected by the screw, and the return or ascending motion
of the ram or plunger, when the screw is not pressing it down, is
effected by a counterbalance weight. The sheet of material from
which the articles are to be cut or cut and stamped or embossed is
placed upon a table or platform to which a sliding horizontal motion
is given by means of a winch. To the end of the said table a frame
of cutters equal to the area of the said table is hinged; or the frame of
cutters may be used loose or detached from the machine. The cutters
of the frame of cutters have the shape of the articles to be cut out.
After the sheet from which the articles are to be cut has been laid upon
the table the frame of cutters is folded or laid or pressed down upon the
said sheet, and by means of the winch described the said table, sheet
of material, and frame of cutters are made to advance underneath the
pressing plate and between it and the bed of the machine. By now
giving the lever or handle of the screw a motion of partial rotation the
ram or plunger is made to descend, and the pressing plate pressed upon
the frame of cutters, which are thus made to cut out the articles from
the sheet of material upon the table. By reversing the motion of the
lever or handle of the screw the ram or plunger and pressing plate
are allowed to rise by the action of the counterbalance weight, and by
means of the winch described the table, sheet of cut out articles, and the
frame of cutters are withdrawn from between the pressing plate and
base of the machine. The frame of cutters is raised upon its hinges or
removed from the table, and the cut out articles by a backward motion
are emptied on a receiver. The waste sheet of material is removed
from the table, when the machine is ready for repeating the operations
described. In cutting out by my improved machine articles having
ring-like figure I employ two frames, one hinged to the end of the
table and the other hinged to the side of the same, or each frame may
be detached and laid on the table. By means of one frame of cutters
disks are cut out from the sheet, and by means of the other frame of
cutters lozenges or smaller disks are cut from the centres of the larger
disks, and ring-like articles are thereby formed.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in
which the same is to be performed.

page_text: Figure 1 represents in side elevation and Figure 2 in end elevation
a machine for cutting out or cutting out and stamping or embossing
lozenges and other similar articles constructed according to my Invention.
The other Figures represent separate parts and details of the machine
as herein-after described. The same letters of reference indicate the
same parts in each Figure of the Drawing.
a is a longitudinal bed, supported at one end by the uprights b, b,
and at the other end by the pillar c. The bed a is shown separately
in plan and cross section in Figure 3. Over one end of the bed a is a
cross head e, e, screwed on to the uprights b, b, to which uprights b, b,
a cross bed or support f is fixed (shown separately in Figure 4), and
to the bed the longitudinal bed a is secured. The support f, the
longitudinal bed a, and cross head e, are secured to the uprights b, b,
(see Figure 2). In the middle of the cross head e is a screw box or
holder g, in which the half screw is secured by a screw washer g'at
the top, the said half screw being capable of rotation in the said box or
holder. is a ram or plunger sliding in guides in the vertical sides
of the cross head e. The bottom or acting end of the half screw h is
situated in a recess in the ram i. In the axis of the said ram or
plunger a half screw k is fixed, the face or acting end of which
half screw works upon the face or acting end of the other half screw h
in a manner which will be understood by an examination of Figure 2,
where the parts are indicated in dotted lines. A front elevation of
the cross head e, and a sectional view of a portion of the ram or
plunger i with the half screw & in it, are represented in Figure 5;
an elevation and plan of upper side of the ram or plunger i are
represented in Figure 6. To the lower end of the ram or plunger i
a pressing plate is firmly secured; the said pressing plate is shown
separately in plan of upper side in Figure 7. To the half screw han
arm or lever m is screwed, by moving which arm or lever to the left
the half screw is partly rotated, and by its action on the half
screw depresses the latter and gives the required descending motion
to the ram or plunger i and pressing plate 1. By moving the arm or
lever m to the right, the half screw h is removed from the half screw k,
and the latter and its ram may risc. On the cross head e is a stop n
against which the arm or lever m strikes, and thereby regulates the
descent of the ram and pressing plate and the pressure applied to the
material operated upon. The return or ascending motion of the ram i
and pressing plate 1, when the hand is removed from the lever m, is

page_text: effected by a counterbalance weight p, the forked end of the lever p³
of which is hooked to eyes on the ram i. The lever p³ of the
counterbalance weight p turns upon a fixed rod or axis p³ carried by
the cross head e. A plan of the weight p, lever p³, and axis p³ is
represented in Figure 2. On the bed a and capable of sliding thereon
is a table or platform q; the said table or platform is of the same arca
as the pressing plate l. On the under side of the table q are dove-
tails g, which work in dovetail grooves a' in the bed a (see Figure 2).
The sliding horizontal motion of the table q is effected by means of
a toothed wheel gearing with a rack s on the under side of the
table q. The axis of the toothed wheel is turned by the winch or
handlet. To the end of the table q a frame of cutters u is hinged
at n³, the said frame of cutters being equal in area to that of the said
table q. The said frame of cutters is shown separately in plan in
Figure 8.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The parts of the machine
occupying the respective positions represented in Figures 1 and 2, the
sheet of material to be operated upon marked in Figure 1 is laid
upon the table or platform q. The frame of cutters u is now turned
on its hinges u³, and folded down upon the said sheet on the table q.
By moving the winch the table q and parts carried by it are advanced
upon the bed a, and brought underneath the pressing plate 2; the
handle m of the half screw h is now turned to the left until it strikes
the regulating stop n. By the action of the half screw h upon the
half screw in the ram i the said ram is made to descend, and the
pressing plate is pressed upon the frame of cutters u, which is thereby
made to cut out the articles from the sheet of material upon the table q.
By bringing the lever m to the position represented in the Drawing
the half screw his lifted from the half screw k, when the rami and
pressing plate are raised by the action of the counterbalance weight p
into the position represented in Figures 1 and 2. By next turning the
winch in the opposite direction to that last described the table and
parts carried by it are withdrawn from under the pressing plate l. The
frame of cutters u is now raised, and the cut out or cut out and stamped
or embossed articles and waste sheet of material are removed from the
table or platform q, when the machine is ready to repeat the operations
described. A bow steel spring is placed at the lower end of the frame
of cutters, which spring acts as a support when the said frame is
thrown back to discharge the lozenges or other articles.

page_text: Figure 9 represents in plan the frame of cutters which I use in
combination with the frame of cutters u herein-before described when
articles having a ring-like figure are to be cut out.
The
The frame of
cutters, Figure 8, is in this case hinged at to to the side of the
table 2, and the frame of cutters to, Figure 9, is hinged at us to the
end of the said table q. The cutters of the frame u are of the size of
the exterior of the rings to be made, while the cutters of the frame to
are of the size of the interior of the rings to be made. In using the two
frames of cutters u, wo, the lateral frame u is first folded upon the
material on the table q, and afterwards the end frame to is folded
upon the lateral frame u, the cutters of the frame to entering those of
the frame . The double frame u, w, and tablo q are then moved under
the pressing plate l, and operated upon in the manner already described.
There is thereby cut out from the sheet of material a series of rings,
the frame of cutters u cutting out disks, and the frame of cutters wo
cutting out smaller disks from the centres of the large disks.
cutters of the frames of cutters may be adapted to cut at the same
time various sizes and various forms of lozenges, rings, or medals, and
other articles from the plastic substance, the said cutters being inserted
and fixed in the frames in any convenient way. The tools employed
may either cut out, and stamp, or emboss simultaneously, or cut out
only, stamp, or emboss the articles from the sheet operated upon. When
the machine is used for stamping or embossing a stamping or embossing
plate or tools having the required letters or words, or design, or device
upon it or them is or are used in place of or with the frame of cutters
described. The stamping or embossing plate may be constructed in the
manner represented in Figure 10, but I do not limit myself to that
particular construction. In the under side of the plate or frame x I
make a scries of dovetail grooves y, and I take a series of stamps or
tools provided with stalks or stems, and cast them upon or secure
them to dovetail plates or slides 2 of the length of the plate x, and
The
of a size proper to fit in the dovetail grooves y in the said plate x.
said stamps or tools z are fixed at the required distances apart on the
dovetail slides 2, and the said slides are placed in the dovetail grooves y,
and fixed therein in the manner represented in the Drawing. A
stamping or embossing plate having any required design, inscription,
or device upon it may be built up in this way. When stamping or
embossing plates or tools are employed they are used in the manner
herein described with reference to the frame of cutters. Instead of

page_text: hinging the frames of cutters or stamping or embossing plates to the
table or platform, as represented in the Drawing, the said cutters and
plates may be used loose, and laid upon the material to be operated
upon.
Although my Invention is especially applicable to the cutting out
and stamping or embossing of lozenges and various articles of
confectionery, and other articles from plastic substances, yet my said
Invention may also be employed for cutting out and stamping or
embossing articles from leather, gutta percha, paper, and various other
materials, which I do not think it necessary to enumerate.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of my Invention; but I claim as my Invention the improve-
ments in machinery for cutting out, stamping, and embossing lozenges,
jujubes, and various articles of fancy confectionery, and other articles
from soft or plastic substances or materials herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, machinery
consisting of a frame or frames of cutters or embossing or impressing
plates or tools used separately or together, and a moveable table and
pressing plate combined and worked substantially as described and
illustrated.
In witness whercof, I, the said Arthur Pickering, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Fourteenth day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
Witness,
10 Jos". MUNBY,
Sol.,
ARTHUR PICKERING. (L.S.)
York.