A NEW OR IMPROVED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR MIXTURE FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES, PART OR PARTS WHEREOF ARE ADAPTED AS A PAINT OR VARNISH FOR PROTECTING OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Ballantyne Hannay, of Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR MIXTURE FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF SHIPS'
BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES, PART OR PARTS WHEREOF ARE
ADAPTED AS A PAINT OR VARNISH FOR PROTECTING OTHER SURFACES."
Sealed the 10th June 1879, and dated the 12th December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Ballantyne Hannay
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December 1878.
JAMES BALLANTYNE HANNAY, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain. "A NEW OR IMPROVED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR MIXTURE FOR PRE-
VENTING THE FOULING OF SHIPS BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES,
PART OR PARTS WHEREOF ARE ADAPTED AS A PAINT OR VARNISH FOR PRO-
TECTING OTHER SURFACES."
This Invention, which relates to a new or improved chemical compound or
mixture, is specially adapted for preventing the fouling of ships' bottoms or other
submerged surfaces, and with certain of the substances constituting tlie same
omitted it may be used as a varnish for other surfaces.
When used as an anti-fouling composition for ships' bottoms or other submerged
surfaces the compound or mixture is composed as follows:-

page_text: In some cases the arsenite of mercury and the chromate of mercury may be
omitted when the compound or mixture is used for anti-fouling purposes.
When used as a paint or varnish for purposes other than antifouling the arsenite
of copper is also omitted.
The proportions of the compound or mixture herein before described may be
varied.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Ballantyne Hannay in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th June 1879.
JAMES BALLANTYNE HANNAY, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain. A NEW OR IMPROVED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR MIXTURE FOR PRE-
VENTING THE FOULING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES,
PART OR PARTS WHEREOF ARE ADAPTED AS A PAINT OR VARNISH FOR PRO-
TECTING OTHER SURFACES."
My said Invention relates to a new or improved chemical compound or mixture
adapted for preventing the fouling of ships' bottoms or other submerged surfaces,
and with certain of the substances constituting the same omitted it may be used as.
a paint or varnish for other surfaces.
The said compound constituting the antifouling composition for protecting ships'
bottoms or other submerged surfaces or structures is composed of the following
ingredients viz —

page_text: In the antifouling composition hereinbefore described the essential feature is the
employment in their composition of arsenite of mercury or chromate of mercury,
both or either of them.
Although I have used in the foregoing description the expressions "arsenite of
mercury" and "chromate of mercury "it is to be understood that the salts of both
oxides of mercury (namely, mercurus and mercuric salts) are included in those
expressions.
The proportions of the ingredients and the mode of mixing them to form the
antifouling composition which I have hereinbefore given and described I have found
to answer well in practice, but I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to such precise proportions of ingredients or mode of mixing them. As
regards the chromates and arsenites of mercury I have found that the best results
are obtained when the proportion of the compounds is not less than 12 parts in a
hundred of the antifouling composition, but I do not limit myself to that or any
other proportion of the said mercurial compounds, as in some cases, for instance in
the case of a vessel sailing in warm latitudes for lengthened periods, the proportion
of the said mercurial compounds may be increased to as much as thirty or forty
parts in a hundred of the composition.
The composition may be used as a paint or varnish for purposes other than those
of preventing the fouling of submerged surfaces; in this case the arsenite of copper
and the arsenites and chromates of mercury are omitted, and the remaining ingre-
dients in the proportions as given in the preceding list being dissolved are mixed
together with the required colouring matter.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or
may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that
what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,―
The antifouling composition compounded essentially as hereinbefore described, in
which composition the essential ingredients or ingredient are or is the arsenites of
mercury and the chromates of mercury or either of them. Also the paint or
varnish compounded as herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Ballantyne Haunay, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
MES B
ЗАЩИ
NE HA
DALLANTIN
TVATART
(U.S.)