Iиprove- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SIZING, YARNS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Eastwood, of Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
.Sealed the 4th May 1866, and dated the 8th November 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Eastwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
November 1865.
I, JAMES EASTWOOD, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "Iиprove-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SIZING, YARNS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved means of applying steam to the
yarn before its admittance to the size and boiling box or pan, an improved
means of heating and boiling the size in such size boiling box or pan, and
also a means of regulating the pressure of the top roller of the size box for
squeezing out the surplus size from the yarn. The ordinary method of
heating and boiling the size is by the introduction of steam through
perforated steam pipes placed in the boiling box or pan, the objection
to this method is, the steam condensing in the pipes and sizing box or
pan constantly reduces the quality of the size. In constructing size
boiling boxes or pans according to my Invention, I place at the bottom
of such box or pan a chest or box, which is supplied with steam, for

page_text: the purpose of heating and boiling the size (the said chest or box is
provided with a pipe and tap for the discharge of condensed steam), the
top of the said steam chest or box (which may be of copper or other
metal) I make convex or arched; above the said steam chest or box,
and parallel thereto is a shaft extending across the size boiling box or
pan, which said shaft has an oscillating or to-and-fro motion imparted
thereto, and to which are affixed a number of paddles or scrapers for the
purpose of "stirring" or agitating the size in the box or pan, and pre-
venting its sticking to or burning the steam chest or box. Or instead
of constructing the top of the aforesaid steam chest or box convex or
arched, I employ a steam chest or box with a concave top, the paddles
or scrapers on the shaft above mentioned being arranged so as to work
close to the surface of such cavity; in this case the shaft will have rotary
motion imparted thereto, or the shaft may be stationary and the steam
chest or box may revolve. The shaft above mentioned will work in
stuffing boxes attached to the ends of the boiling box or pan, to pre-
vent leakage, and the said shaft may have motion imparted thereto when
required, independent of, or without other parts of the sizing machine
being at work. The top surface of the steam chest or box may be
corrugated or grooved longitudinally, for the purpose of receiving per-
forated steam pipes, so that if desirable steam may be admitted to the
size box or pan for the purpose of reducing the consistency of the
size. A second steam chest or box is employed, through which the
yarn is caused to pass before its admittance to the size for the pur-
pose of saturating and opening the fibres of such yarn the better to
prepare it for receiving the size. I apply spring levers or screws to
the top rollers in the size box or pan so as to adjust the pressure of the
said rollers on the yarn, for the purpose of squeezing out the surplus
'size; the shaft ends of the said rollers work either on antifriction pulleys,
or in ordinary step bearings.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Eastwood in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th May 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
EASTWOOD, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said James Eastwood, Her special licence, that I, the
said James Eastwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Eastwood, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED POR
SIZING YARNS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James
Eastwood, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that I, the said James Eastwood, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to an improved means of applying steam to the
yarn, before its admittance to the size and boiling box or pan; an
improved means of heating and boiling the size in such size boiling box
or pan; and also a means of regulating the pressure of the top roller of
The
the size box for squeezing out the surplus size from the yarn.
ordinary method of heating and boiling the size is by the introduction of
steam through perforated steam pipes placed in the boiling box or pan.
The objection to this method is, the steam condensing in the pipes and
sizing box or pan constantly reduces the quality of the size. In con-
structing size boiling boxes or pans according to my Invention, I place at
the bottom of such box or pan a chest or box, which is supplied with
steam for the purpose of heating and boiling the size (the said chest or
box is provided with a pipe and tap for the discharge of condensed steam).
The top of the said steam chest or box (which may be of copper or other
metal), I make convex or arched. Above the said steam chest or box,
.

page_text: and parallel thereto, is a shaft extending across the size boiling box
or pan, which said shaft has an oscillating or to-and-fro motion imparted
thereto, and to which is affixed a number of paddles or scrapers for the
purpose of "stirring" or agitating the size in the box or pan and prevent
its sticking or burning to the steam chest or box. Or instead of con-
structing the top of the aforesaid steam chest or box convex or arched, I
employ a steam chest or box with a concave top, the paddles or scrapers
on the shaft above mentioned being arranged so as to work close to the
surface of such cavity; in this case the shaft will have rotary motion
imparted thereto, or the shaft may be stationary and the steam chest or
box may revolve. The shaft above mentioned will work in stuffing boxes
attached to the ends of the boiling box or pan to prevent leakage, and said
shaft may have motion imparted thereto when required independant of or
without other parts of the sizing machine being at work.
The top
surface of the steam chest or box may be corrugated or grooved longi-
tudinally for the purpose of receiving perforated steam pipes, so that if
desirable steam may be admitted to the size box or pan for the purpose
of reducing the consistency of the size. A second steam chest or box is
employed, through which the yarn is caused to pass before its admittance
to the size for the purpose of saturating and opening the fibres of such
yarn the better to prepare it for receiving the size. I apply spring levers
or screws to the top rollers in the size box or pan so as to adjust the pres-
sure of the said rollers on the yarn for the purpose of squeezing out the
surplus size. The shaft ends of the said rollers work either on antifriction
pulleys or in ordinary step bearings.
Such being the nature of this my said Invention, I will now proceed to
describe the same more fully; and in order that the same may be distinctly
understood, I have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of
the same, and have marked the same with figures and letters, the same letter
referring to the same part in the different figures or views, in which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of such part of a machine for sizing yarn as my
Invention relates to, and shews my improvements attached; Fig. 2 is a
cross section; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the same; and Fig. 4 is a
detail Drawing (enlarged).
At A is shewn size boiling box or pan, at the bottom of which box or
pan is a steam chest or box B for heating and boiling the size. Steam is
admitted to the said chest or box by the pipe C, and condensed steam
and water discharged by the pipe C'. The top of the box B, which I

page_text: 66
construct of copper (other metal may be employed), I form convex or
arched. Above the steam chest or box B, and parallel thereto, is a shaft
D, extending across the boiling box or pan A, which said shaft has an
oscillating or to-and-fro motion imparted thereto by means of the revolving
disc or plate E, connecting rod E¹, arm E³, shaft E³, and arm E. To
the said shaft D is attached a number of paddles or scrapers F, F, F;
these, by the motion of the shaft to which they are attached, "ştir" or
agitate the size in the box or pan, and prevent its sticking or burning to
the steam chest or box during the process of boiling. When heating the
size previous to commencing the operation of sizing, the shaft D may be dis-
connected from the arm E, and the shaft and paddles or scrapers actuated
by hand," or without other parts of the machine being in operation. At
G, G, are shewn the stuffing boxes (in which the shaft D works) for
preventing leakage. At H is shewn a coiled pipe, through which the size
passes, so that the size is partially heated before its admittance to the box
or pan A.
At J is shewn a second steam box or chest, through which
the yarn is passed before its admittance to the size for the purpose
of saturating the fibres of the yarn, the better to prepare it for re-
ceiving the size. Or instead of constructing the top of the steam chest
or box B convex or arched, I may employ a steam chest or box with a
concave top, the paddles or scrapers F, F, F, on the shaft D being
arranged so as to work close to the surface of such cavity, the shaft and
paddles or scrapers having rotary motion, or the shaft and scrapers may
be stationary and the steam chest or box revolve. One or more per-
forated copper pipes K, K, may be placed at each side of the steam chest
or box B, so that when desirable steam may be admitted to the size box
or pan A for the purpose of reducing the consistency of the size. At
L, L, are shewn levers and weights M, M, applied to the top rollers N, N,
so as to adjust the pressure of the said rollers on the yarn when squeezing
out the surplus size. O, O, are antifriction pulleys, on which the shaft
ends or necks of the top rollers N, N, work.
Having thus fully described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention for " Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus employed for
Sizing Yarns," and the manner in which the same is or may be performed
or carried into practical effect, I would have it distinctly understood that
I claim as my Invention, the use and employment of the steam chest or
box for heating and boiling the size, the steam chest or box for steaming
the yarn before its admittance to the size, together with the levers and

page_text: weights for adjusting the pressure of the top rollers, as herein described
and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Eastwood, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
GEORGE H. HOLT,
Clerk to Mr. Brierley, C.E.,
Blackburn.
JAMES EASTWOOD. (L.S.)