Improvements in the Method of and Means for Moulding Seamless and other Glassware.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Means for Moulding Seamless
and other Glassware.
I. WILLIAM HALEY, of 55, Warren Street, Saville Town, Dewsbury, in the
County of York, Mould and Machinery Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement; --
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and means for mould-
ing seamless glassware such as bottles, jugs, jars, vases and the like having plain
or grooved bodies and necks, ornamental or screwed necks or the like, and also
to an improved method of and means for moulding non-seamless ware of the
classes described, which may have plain or ornamental bodies or necks together
with handles, projecting lips or spouts, projecting or indented figures, ornaments
and the like, the object being to produce such glassware more expeditiously than
has hitherto been the case and of a better class, and without any distinction as
to colour.
My invention consists essentially of the peculiar method, or methods, for pro-
ducing ware such as referred to, and to the novel construction of moulds by
which such method, or methods, is carried out all of which will be particularly
described and pointed out in the claims, and in order that my invention may be
thoroughly understood I have appended hereunto sheets of drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the mould indicating the first stages of the
process for producing seamless ware,
Fig. 2 a similar section of mould just prior to the second stage of the process,
Fig. 3 a similar view showing the ware produced to shape and ready for
removal from the mould,
Fig. 4 a section of the ring plate for forming the neck of the ware, removed
from the mould and
Fig. 5 a vertical section of apparatus adapted for removing the ware from the
mould.
Fig. 6 indicates a vertical section of a mould for producing non-seamless ware
with a plain body and ornate neck.
Fig. 7 a section of the ring plate,
Figs. 8 and 9 elevation and inverted plan, respectively, of the means for
tightly securing the two halves of the mould.
Fig. 10 a vertical section of one half of a mould for .producing ware with
ornate body and plain neck,
Fig. 11 a similar section of mould for producing a jug with handle and lip or
spout,
Fig. 12 a section of the completed jug with the handle in elevation.
Figs. 13 and 14 sectional elevation and plan, respectively, of a mould in which
the handle of the jug is formed by a removable block and
Fig. 15 a section of a mould showing the manner of producing the bases and
handles of a jug or the like.
In carrying out my invention and referring more particularly to Figs. 1 to 5,

page_text: which show the means adopted for forming, say, round jars without longitudinal
seams and which ware may have a screwed or fluted neck or fluted body, I may
make use of a parison mould A that may be constructed in any suitable manner
but preferably to enable a V-shaped parison B to be formed in it by the
plunger C of a glass press. The mould A is fitted into a body mould D made of
one piece and which, internally, may have a true cylindrical surface or be
slightly larger at the top than the bottom or vice versa, to enable the ware to be
readily removed. The body mould I may also be square or of other shape
internally. This surface may be grooved or fluted either the whole length or
partially so, the grooves in all cases being of such a character that the ware may
be removed from the mould. At the top end the body mould is recessed to
receive a ring plate E which is also in one piece and which may be provided
internally with a plain or fluted surface or with any other ornament or projec
tion that will allow of the ring plate being removed easily without damaging
the ware or, as shown, with a chased thread the facsimile of which is to be
produced on the neck of the jar. The body mould and ring plate are provided
with handles d to enable them to be manipulated. An essential feature of the
mould as described is that the ring plate is in one piece thus enabling it to be
readily removed by lifting up or turning round and to be used for forming a
continuous screw thread on the neck of a jar without seams.
I will now describe how the complete jar is made: The parison mould A
having been placed in position the body mould D is placed upon it together with
the ring plate E as shown in Fig. 1. Molten glass is then poured into the parison
mould A and the plunger C of the glass press enters the mould, being guided
thereinto by the hole in the ring plate. The plunger, therefore, presses the glass
into the chased screw grooves, flutes or the like as the case may be, and forms
a continuous thread without seams, of pressed glass. The plunger C is now
removed, and the body mould D, together with the ring plate, is lifted off the
parison mould A and placed upon a plate A', as in Fig. 2 the parison B, mean-
while, being suspended from the ring plate E. Compressed air is now applied
to the top of the ring plate and the body of the jar is blown to shape as shown
in Fig. 3. The ring plate E may now be unscrewed as in Fig. 4 the body
mould lifted off the plate A¹ and the jar taken to the annealing oven. It will
be obvious from the foregoing that the process may be carried out in practically
the same way for ware having plain or fluted necks the essential feature of the
said process being the pressing of the necks of the ware in a removable ring plate
made in one piece and afterwards blowing the body to shape by compressed air
in a mould formed in one piece. By these means ware is produced having a
perfectly formed neck, plain, screwed, fluted or otherwise ornamented and a
seamless body.
If desired I may use means (which I do not claim as essential parts of my
invention) such as shown in Fig. 5, for removing the ware from the moulds.
The latter are each placed over a hole f in a base plate F carried by a suitable
frame supported on wheels so that it may be readily moved about. In this frame
is a vertical rod G carried by suitable bearings and having at the top end a disc g.
The rod may be raised or lowered by a hellcrank lever H one arm of which
engages with a stud on the rod G as will be readily understood. If the moulds
are larger at the top than the bottom the ware is lifted out from below as shown
in the figure but if smaller it is dropped out below.
Another of the essential features of my invention consists in the method of
and means for making glassware of a higher class than has previously been pro-
duced by moulding operations, that is to say, ware designed to resemble "cut"
ware without being so expensive. To do this I again employ the method of
pressing first and blowing afterwards, and the ware produced by these opera-
tions may have pressed ornate necks and plain blown body or pressed plain necks
and blown ornate body or pressed ornate necks and blown ornate body, the
pressing operation in all cases being performed prior to the blowing of the ware

page_text: by compressed air. Figs. 6 to 10 show the means I employ for making ware of
tue classes just described. The same letters of reference apply to similar parts
as those shown in Figs. 1 to 5. The moulds it will be seen are of the hinged
class being formed of two halves D hinged together at d¹ and provided with ears
or lugs e for engaging with each other when closed. The two halves are kept
in the closed position by means of a pin J the two parts j of which are concentric
with each other and fit in holes formed in the outer lugs a whilst the central
portion is eccentric to the parts and fits in the hole of the central lug e. By
turning the pin round by means of the attached handle the two halves of the
mould are kept securely together. I do not, however, claim this method of
fastening as I am aware that it has been used before.
Figs. 6 and 7 show the character of mould I use for forming ware with a
pressed ornate neck and plain body. I use with this mould a parison mould such
as A (Fig. 1) and a ring plate E, which in this case, and when in position in the
mould, assists to form a small pressed beaded flange above the ornate work of
the neck. The latter is formed by the projecting band a of the mould which
may be ornamented in relief or intaglio with a suitable design. The operations
for making this ware are as follows:-The mould is closed and secured by the
pin J, placed on a parison mould such as A, and molten metal placed in the
parison mould. The plunger C then descends, as before, and presses the glass
to form the ornate neck, after which the body mould D with the ring plate E is
lifted from the parison mould, brought to the compressed air apparatus and the
body of the ware blown to shape as already described. Fig. 10 shows one half
of a mould similar to that shown in Figs. 6 and 7 but provided with an orna-
mental body and plain neck portion. The same operations are carried out with
this mould as with that just described and also with a mould having both ornate
neck and body.
The
Fig. 11 shows a mould such as I use for making ware having pressed project-
ing handles, spouts, ornaments or the like, the mould shown being particularly
designed for the making of jugs or pitchers having a handle and spout.
mould is constructed in exactly the same way as that shown in Figs. 6 and 7
except that it is cut out at b to the form of a handle and at c to form a spout,
the ring plate E having a projecting piece el to correspond with the cut-out
portion c. The process is the same as for the ware having ornate bodies and
necks, except in this instance the handle cas shown at the left hand side of
Fig. 11 is pressed at the same time as the neck, the parison mould preventing
the metal running out at the lower end of the passage during the first part of
the operation. In the blowing operation the body of the parison is blown towards
the lower portion of the handle and so united with it. Fig. 12 is a section of
a completed jug.
In some cases I prefer to employ a mould such as shown in Figs. 13 and 14
for making jugs with handles. In this case the body of the mould D is all in
one piece but is provided with a projecting chamber Kin which a special hinged
mould K may be inserted for forming the handle, projection or ornament. The
hinged mould K¹ is of a sufficient size to enable the handle to be formed and
each half is cut out in a similar way to the larger mould shown in Fig. 11.
These halves are hinged together at and each is connected to a handle L,
between the two of which is a spring 1 for keeping the mould closed when being
inserted in the chamber K. With a mould such as this the special mould is
inserted in the body mould before the ring plate is placed in position after which
the operations of pressing and blowing are carried out as before.
The ware
can be lifted out of the mould D by the handles L and released by pressing the
latter together as will be readily understood.
In Fig. 15 I have shown a mould in which the base M or stems of jugs, vases
or the like can be pressed at the same time as the handle, or ornament. Like
parts in this figure to those in the former figures are indicated by similar letters.
The body mould D is made the same shape at the bottom as at the top so that

page_text: after the base M and handle c¹ are formed the mould can be reversed, a fresh
ring plate E inserted, the mouth or rim of the jug pressed and the body after-
wards blown onto the base and lower portion of handle while the metal is hot.
By the means I have described, combined pressed and compressed air blown
ware of the various classes referred to can be produced, this being of a higher
class than has hitherto been made. Of course, I would have it understood that the
details of construction, or the formation of the moulds, may be departed from
without affecting the spirit of the invention, and in conclusion I would have it
distinctly understood that I do not claim broadly the method of first pressing and
then blowing glassware by compressed air as such a method has been in use
prior to the date of my invention, nor do I claim broadly the use of hinged
imoulds as these have also been used prior to the date of my invention, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I do claim is :-
1. A mould for forming seamless glass ware of the character described con-
sisting of a parison mould such as A, body mould such as D formed in one piece,
and a loose removable ring plate such as E, formed in one piece and fitting into
the body mould A all arranged in combination substantially as described.
2. In a mould for seamless or other glassware of the character described the
combination with the body mould of a loose removable ring plate such as E formed
in one piece and fitting into the body mould and provided internally with a
fluted or grooved pattern, screw thread or the like substantially as and for the
purposes described.
al
3. A mould for forming glassware consisting of a parison mould such as A,
hinged body mould such as D, provided internally with a pattern in relief or
intaglio and for forming glassware of the character described, either with an
ornate pressed neck and plain compressed air blown body; pressed plain neck
and compressed air blown ornate body or pressed ornate neck and compressed
air blown ornate body, and a loose removable ring plate such as E, formed in one
piece and with or without an internal pattern all in combination substantially as
described.
4. A mould for forming glassware, consisting of a parison mould such as A,
a hinged body mould such as D), cut out so as to form on the ware a pressed
neck, spout and handle, ornaments or projections, and a loose removable ring
such as E formed in one piece all in combination substantially as described.
5. A mould for forming glassware consisting of a parison mould such as A,
a hinged body mould such as D cut out so as to form on the ware a pressed base,
handle and neck, ornaments or projections and a loose removable ring such as
E formed in one piece and fitting into either end of a mould such as D, substan-
tially as described.
6. In a mould for forming glassware with a seamless body the use of a hinged
auxiliary mould such as K¹ fitting in a chamber K and cut out to form a handle
or the like in combination with the body mould D substantially as described.
7. Moulds for glassware constructed and arranged substantially in the manner
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
8. The improved method of forming seamless glassware of the character
described consisting in first pressing the neck of the ware in a loose removable
ring fitted to the top of a mould by means of a plunger such as C, removing the
body mould from the parison mould, placing the body mould on a plate such
as A¹ and afterwards blowing the body of the ware to shape to complete it by
compressed air substantially as described.
9. The improved methods of forming glassware of the character described, in
hinged moulds, consisting in first pressing the neck of the ware in a mould
fitted with a loose removable ring and provided internally with a pattern for the
neck in relief or intaglio, or with a plain neck portion, removing the body

page_text: mould from the parison mould, placing the body mould on a plate such as A'
and afterwards blowing the body of the ware to shape to complete it, by com-
pressed air substantially as described.
10. The improved methods of forming glassware of the character described in
hinged moulds consisting in first pressing the neck and handle, spout or other
ornament or projection of the ware in a mould fitted with a loose removable
ring, removing the body mould from the parison mould, placing the body mould
on a plate such as A¹ and afterwards blowing the body of the ware to shape to
complete it and attaching it to the handle by compressed air, substantially as
described.
11. The improved method of forming glassware of the character described,
in hinged moulds. consisting in first pressing the base or stem and handle of
the ware in a mould fitted with a loose removable ring, removing the body mould
from the parison mould and reversing it and blowing the body of the ware on to
the base and handle, by compressed air, substantially as described.
Dated this 7th day of October 1900
TAYLOR & FIRTH,
Osborne Chambers, 48, Sunbridge Road, Bradford, and
69, Market Street, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.