IM- PROVEMENTS IN MULTITUBULAR APPARATUS FOR COOLING OR HEATING LIQUIDS FOR DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Morton, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the
County of Durham, Brewers' Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MULTITUBULAR APPARATUS FOR COOLING OR HEATING LIQUIDS
FOR DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION.”
Scaled the 3rd February 1871, and dated the 8th August 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Morton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
Sth August 1870.
I, ROBERT MORTON, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham,
Brewers' Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MULTITUBULAR APPARATUS FOR COOLING OR HEATING LIQUIDS
FOR DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION," to be as follows:-
I form my improved apparatus of a series of tubes arranged vertically
or otherwise in a suitable frame or casing. The tubes are fixed at any
convenient distance apart in the two plates which form the top and
bottom of the casing, which plates I call the tube plates, the ends of
the tubes at top and bottom communicate with separate chambers
through which a passage is formed between the respective rows of the

page_text: said tubes, in such manner as to cause a continuous flow of the liquid
to be cooled or heated throughout the whole series of tubes. I divide
the casing between the tube plates into compartments by divisional
plates attached thereto, extending transversely, longitudinally, or other-
wise between the successive rows of tubes, the compartments thus
formed communicate with each other at the top or bottom or ends
alternately, so as to form a continuous channel or passage for the flow
of the cooling or heating liquid through the entire series of compart-
ments. I cover the chambers, with which the ends of the tubes com-
municate, with doors, which are removeable for cleansing the tubes.
Or I sometimes dispense with the doors on the top of the apparatus,
and substitute divisional strips between the rows of tubes alternately for
directing the flow of the liquid through them. I also attach moveable
doors to the sides or ends of the apparatus for cleaning the compartments
formed by the divisional plates. The liquids to be cooled or heated are
caused to flow by means of pumps or otherwise. For distillation and
condensation I pass the vapor through the tubes, and the cooling fluid
through the compartments, or vice versa, the vapor through the com-
partments and the cooling fluid through the tubes.
SPECIFICATION în pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Morton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th February 1871.
-
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
MORTON, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham, Brewers'
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Morton, Her special licence, that
I, the said Robert Morton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Robert Morton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agrec with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the

page_text: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULTITUBULAR Appa-
BATUS FOR COOLING OR HEATING LIQUIDS FOR DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Morton,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme.
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Morton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof:-
I form my improved apparatus of a series of tubes arranged vertically
or otherwise in a suitable frame or casing. The tubes are fixed at any
convenient distance apart in the two plates which form the top and
bottom of the casing, which plates I call the tube plates, the ends of
the tubes at top and bottom communicate with separate chambers, through
which a passage is formed between the respective rows of the said tubes
in such manner as to cause a continuous flow of the liquid to be
cooled or heated throughout the whole series of tubes. I divide the
casing between the tube plates into compartments by divisional plates
attached thereto, extending transversely, longitudinally, or otherwise
between the successive rows of tubes, the compartments thus formed
communicate with each other at the top or bottom or ends alternately,
'so as to form a continuous channel or passage for the flow of the cooling
or heating liquid through the entire series of compartments. I cover
the chambers, with which the ends of the tubes communicate, with doors
which are removeable for cleansing the tubes. Or I sometimes dispense
with the doors on the top of the apparatus, and substitute divisional
strips between the rows of tubes alternately for directing the flow of
the liquid through them. I also attach moveable doors to the sides or
ends of the apparatus for cleansing the compartments formed by the
divisional plates. The liquids to be cooled or heated are caused to flow
by means of pumps or otherwise. For distillation and condensation I
pass the vapor through the tubes and the cooling fluid through the
compartments, or vice versa, the vapor through the compartments and
the cooling fluid through the tubes.,

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is or may be carried into practical effect,
I shall now proceed to describe the Figures on the Sheet of Drawings
accompanying this Specification.
Figure 1 is a perspective view shewn partly in section. a is the
external casing; b, b, tubes fixed to the tube plates c, c; d, d, divisional
plates dividing the casing into compartments for directing the flow of
the cooling or heating liquids; e, e, chambers formed in the lower
portion of the casing, there are also chambers similar to e, e, in the
covers ff, by means of these chambers communicating alternately with
the ends of the tubes b, b, a continuous passage is formed for the flow
of the liquid; g, inlet for the liquid to be cooled or heated; h, outlet
for same; i, inlet for the cooling or heating fluid; j, outlet for same;
k, drain cock; f, f, moveable covers for cleansing the tubular ways;
,, moveable covers for cleansing the spaces between the tubular ways;
m, m, moveable covers for cleansing the chambers e, e, The liquid to
be cooled or heated enters through the pipe g, traverses through the
entire series of tubes as indicated by the arrows, and finally passes out
through the pipe h; whilst the cooling or heating fluid enters through the
pipe i, flows through the divisional spaces between the tubular ways
as indicated by the arrows, and passes away through the pipe j, or vice
versa, the liquid to be cooled or heated may flow throughout the
divisional spaces or compartments and the cooling or heating fluid inside
of the tubular ways.
Figure 2 is a side elevation, shewn partly in section, dispensing with
the moveable doors f,f. Fig. 1. a is the casing; b, b, the tubes; c, c,
tube plates; d, d, divisional plates dividing the casing into compart
ments; e, e, chambers in the lower portion of the casing; f,f, strips
for directing the flow of the liquid through the tubular ways and sub-
stituted instead of the doors f, f, Fig. 1; 1, 1, moveable covers for
cleansing the spaces between the tubular ways; m, m, moveable covers
for cleansing the chambers e, e. The action of this form of apparatus
is similar to that of Fig. 1 already described, the liquids flowing
respectively. as indicated by the arrows. For distillation and conden-
sation I pass the vapor through the tubes and the cooling fluid through
the compartments, or vice versa, the vapor through the compartments
and the cooling fluid through the tubes.
. Having now. described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner of carrying it into operation, I therefore claim as the Invention

page_text: secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, the
arrangement and combination of apparatus for cooling and heating
liquids, distillation, and condensation, substantially as herein described
and set forth in the Drawings accompanying this Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Morton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thouand eight hundred and seventy-one.
ROBERT MORTON. (L.S.)