AN IMPROVED DOMESTIC POLISHING POWDER
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Printy Wheeler, of Abinghall, in the
County of Gloucester, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
DOMESTIC POLISHING POWDER."
Sealed the 3rd October 1866, and dated the 4th April 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Printy Wheeler
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th April 1866.
I, GEORGE PRINTY WHEELER, of Abinghall, in the County of Gloucester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED DOMESTIC POLISHING POWDER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of a domestic polishing
powder from clay, containing in a high degree alumina, silica, and oxide of
iron, which being the constituents of emery, and the two differing in the
proportions and in such a manner as to render the clay when manufactured
more suitable as a general domestic polishing powder, and more effective in
its results than emery.

page_text: In carrying out my Invention I take the clay and subject it to a calcining
process, by which all the several parts composing the clay are chemically
combined, after which it is subjected to a reducing machine which brings it
into a fine powder.
The powder is lastly divided by sifting to the size or fineness required, when
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Printy Wheeler in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd October 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
PRINTY WHEELER, of Abinghall, in the County of Gloucester, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Printy Wheeler, Her special licence that I, the said
George Printy Wheeler, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Printy Wheeler, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED DOMESTIC POLISHING POWDER,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Printy
Wheeler, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly, describe, and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said. Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Printy Wheeler, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of a domestic polishing

page_text: powder from clay, of that description containing in a high degree alumina,
silica, and oxide of iron, which being the constituents of emery proper, and
the two differing in the proportions and in such a manner as that renders the
clay when manufactured in the manner herein-after set forth, more suitable
as a general domestic polishing powder, and more effectiyé in its results than
emery proper.
In carrying out my Invention I take the clay or marl and place it in a
suitably arranged apparatus for the purpose of calcining the clay, or other-
wise combining all the several parts of which it is composed, and thus
adamantizing it so that the proper hardness of the material is secured in
order to render it of sufficient cutting power for the purposes to which it
is to be applied.
When the direct heat of the calcining process has reached the necessary
point or degree for hardening the clay, the heat is at once reduced to enable
the clay to be removed to the next stage of the process, which consists in
subjecting it to the action of a pulverising machine, by which the material is
reduced to granules of the most convenient size with the cutting angles
preserved intact.
In order to reduce the pulverized material to a greater degree of fineness
it is removed to a cast-iron revolving refining machine which will reduce the
material to polishing powder of any degree of fineness that the purposes
to which it will be applied may require, and the processes through which the
material has passed have prepared the polishing powder in that state
fit to be made up into packets for commerce or otherwise ready for the
market.
In carrying out this Invention it must be clearly understood that I do not
confine myself to any particular clay, neither do I confine myself to any
degree of fineness of material when so prepared. The purposes to which I
propose applying the prepared material is for cleaning or polishing knives,
forks, all domestic articles, machinery, in fact, to polish all things made of
steel, iron, brass, copper, tin, ivory, and wood, and also for grinding the
surface of all metals, wood, stone, or marble, and in so doing I do not
confine myself to any particular degree of coarseness or fineness of the
powdered material to effect the same, inasmuch as by a variation of the
calcining process different results are obtained from the same raw material.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I claim the production
of a material from clay containing in a high degree alumina, silica, and oxide
of iron, equal to the best tinker emery, and the right to apply the same to

page_text: the purposes to which that is used, viz., grinding and polishing the surface of
metal, ivory, wood, and other materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Printy Wheeler, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
G. P. WHEELER. (L.S.)