Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Heating Apparatus, in part applicable to other Mains.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Heating Apparatus,
in part applicable to other Mains.
We, HANS LAURITZ HANSEN, Foreman, JOHN ROBERT HALDENBY KEY-
WORTH, Agricultural Engineer, HENRY JOSEPH KEYWORTH, Agricultural
Engineer, and WILLIAM WALKER, Secretary, all of 35 Tarleton Street, Liver-
pool, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
These improvements are designed primarily for hydraulic or high pressure hot
water heating apparatus but parts may be applied to the joints or fixings of other
pipes or mains for conducting fluids or gases or compressed air etcetera especially
where a tight joint is required.
In making the joints of this class of tubing it is customary to cut the end or face
of one pipe flat and the adjacent one conical or chisel shaped so that when the two
are drawn together by a screw coupling, the one cuts into or embeds itself in the
other. By this invention the ends of both tubes are faced flat or simply cut by
pipe cutters and between them is inserted a washer of diamond or angular
shape in cross section with sharp edges abutting against the ends of the pipes
which when screwed up against the washer forms a tight joint therewith. The
washer may be made of cast steel or other material according to the pressure or
the nature of the joint to be made.
For pumping the pipes or mains full of water or other liquid or gases, and
withdrawing or excluding air, we construct a pumping cock or valve with four
branches, two of which are to be connected to the main and two with the
pumping and discharge hose or pipe. In the chamber or cavity between these
branches is placed a ball valve which can be caused to fall over upon by the
pressure inside the pipes and an internal opening and close either of them. When
the mains are being pumped the end of the pumping hose or pipe attached to each
branch holds the ball away from the seat and allows the water to enter by one
branch and the air or mixed air and water to escape by the other. When the
air is all excluded, the hose end or pipe from one is withdrawn, the ball closes
the orifice. A cap or plug is then screwed onto or over the end of the pipe, the
ball preventing the escape of water while this is being effected. To this cap or
plug is attached a spring or a spring plunger which lifts the valve up against the
end of the next seat or compartment connecting with hose or other pipe on the
other branch and causes it to fall down onto and close the orifice of the other
branch when the hose is withdrawn and the cap or plug adjusted in position.
The pipes which enter the furnace we prefer to make of S or similar contour
so as to form waterfire bars or a hearth on which the fuel will rest and at the same
time present a large heating surface to the heated fuel and gases. These pipes are
best wrought iron lapwelded with no joints in furnace, hence freedom from leaks
and danger and prevents clinkers from forming ou same, a perfect circulation is
secured, cach S shaped tube forms a separate and distinct circulation, or may be
coupled, and which may be multiplied side by side thereby making an unlimited
series of circulations from the one fire, and may be tested to 5,000 lbs. hydraulic
pressure per square inch. Each end of each S shaped pipe is reduced with a taper
from one side only to prevent the lodgment of bubbles of air or gas at the joints.
One or more of these S shaped pipes may be connected together or each may be
connected to a separate "circulation" or length of piping. Between the top members
of these pipes a sectional piece of cast iron, brick, or other material may be inserted.
to cause the heated gases and products of combustion to traverse the whole length

page_text: of the pipes instead of between them; and between the middle members similar
sections may be inserted if found desirable.
The pipes are encased in any suitable brickwork or case, or wrought iron framing
with a front which can be easily removed and replaced.
Dated this 19th day of January 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Heating Apparatus,
in part applicable to other Mains.
We, HANS LAURITZ HANSEN, Foreman, JOHN ROBERT HALDENBY KEY-
WORTH, Agricultural Engineer, HENRY JOSEPH KEYWORTH, Agricultural
Engineer, and WILLIAM WALKER, Secretary, all of No. 35 Tarleton Street,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
These improvements are designed primarily for hydraulic or high pressure hot
water heating apparatus but parts may be applied to the joints or fixings of other
pipes or mains for conducting fluids or gases or compressed air etcetera especially
where a tight joint is required.
It consists essentially 1st. in the combination with the flat faced ends of the
pipes and the coupling which connects them together of a washer of diamond or
angular shape in cross section with sharp edges to form a tight joint; 2nd. in
constructing the pumping cock or valve with four branches fitted with two valve
seatings and an internal ball valve to fit two of the branches, in combination with
a cap or nozzle provided with a spring pusher to direct the ball to the required
seating and 3rd, in constructing the furnace of pipes of approximately $ or similar
contour so as to form both fire bars and crown for the furnace the ends being so
bottled or tapered as to maintain the exterior surface in a level plane, with or with-
out the combination of a tube or bar placed between the pipes to direct the course
of the heated gases and products of combustion.
The improvements will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Fig. 1. Section of pipe with joint constructed according to the invention.
Fig. 2. Sections showing modified forms of the joint washer.
Fig. 3. Front elevation of pumping cock.
Fig. 4. Sectional elevation of same when in use.
Fig. 5. Sectional elevation showing the combination of the cap and spring
therewith.
Fig. 6. Longitudinal sectional elevation of furnace.
Fig. 7. End elevation with the front removed.
Fig. 8. Transverse sectional elevation.
Fig. 9. Plan with the top removed.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 in which the first part of the invention is illustrated the
pipe A and the coupling B are of any ordinary construction so that the ends of
the pipe can be drawn together. The faces of the end of the pipe are cut flat and
between the two faces there is inserted the washer C. The washer C is of diamond
or other angular shape in cross section such as shown in the drawings with sharp
edges which when the two ends of the pipe are drawn together by the coupling
cut into or embed tightly against the flat faces of the ends thus forming a tight
joint between the two ends of the pipe. The washer C may be made of cast steel
or of a softer metal according to the nature of the joint to be made and the pressure
it has to withstand.

page_text: Referring to Figs. 3-5 in which the second part of the invention is illustrated
the pumping cock by which the pipes are pumped full of water or other liquid
and the air forced out. is constructed as is. usual with four branches two of
which D and E are connected with the main pipes and the other two F and G
with the pumping and discharge pipes respectively. In the chamber or cavity d
between these branches is placed a ball valve H. Hitherto in the construction- of
these pumping cocks the valve H has only been used to close the pumping
branch F.
We construct the chamber or cavity d with two valve seats one at in the
pumping branch F and the other at in. the discharge branch G and the ball
valve H is caused to fall over onto either of these seatings to close one or other
of the pipes as required.
When the mains are being pumped the nozzle i of the pumping pipe enters
the pumping branch F and holds the ball valve away from the seat and the
nozzle of the discharge pipe K enters the discharge branch G and holds the
valve away from the seat y so that the water can be pumped up into the pipes and
the air or mixed air and water escape through the discharge pipe K.
When the pipes are full and the air all discharged or excluded therefrom the
discharge pipe K is withdrawn from the branch G and as the nozzle k is withdrawn
the ball valve H falls on to the seat y and closes the orifice of the pipe until the
cap or plug L which covers the end of the pipe is placed in position thus
preventing any escape of water. To the cap or plug L is attached a spring or
spring plunger which as it is screwed into position lifts the ball off the seat and
up against the nozzle of the pumping pipe. When the pumping pipe I is unattached
and the nozzle i withdrawn the spring 7 forces the ball valve H over into the pumping
branch F where it falls down upon the seat and closes the orifice of the pipe
until a cap or plug is screwed upon the end to close it.
Referring to Figs. 6-9 in which the third part of the invention is illustrated the
furnace by which the water or circulating liquid is heated is shown. We construct
the furnace of a number of lengths of pipes M curved as shown to S or similar
contour so as to form water bars or hearth for the fuel and crown for the furnace
with a large heating surface exposed to the heat of the fuel and gases. The
S furnace pipes M are preferably made of lap welded tubes without any joint
inside the furnace to avoid any liability to leakage. The ends of each S pipe
are tapered as shown so that the exterior surface is maintained in an even plane
and the taper is on one side only to prevent the lodgment of bubbles of air or gas
at the joints.
Between the centre members m and top members m' of these pipes may be placed
a length of metal piping N or a bar of metal fire brick or similar material to direct
the course of the heated gases and cause them to travel through the whole length
of the furnace as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 6. The S furnace pipes are
encased in a suitable casing of brick work or metal lined with fire bricks in the
ordinary way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
clain is :-
1. The combination with the ends of the pipes and the coupling which connects
them together of a diamond or angular shaped packing washer to form a tight
joint substantially as described.
2. A pumping cock for hydraulic heating apparatus constructed with a valve
seating on both the pumping and discharge branches and a cavity between the two
for the valve, in combination with a spring or pusher attached to the cap or plug
which closes the end of one of these branches substantially as and for the purpose
described.
3. A furnace for hydraulic heating apparatus constructed with a number of
S shaped pipes or tubes substantially as shown either with or without the combination

page_text: of tubes or bars placed between to direct the course of the heated gases through
the furnace.
4. A tube for the furnace of hydraulic heating apparatus constructed with the
ends tapered or bottled with one plane side as shown and described.
5. Hydraulic heating apparatus having the parts referred to in Figs. 1 and 2,
Figs. 3-5, and in Figs. 6-9 constructed and arranged substantially as described
-and shown.
Dated this 19th day of October 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.