IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FANCY OR FIGURE WEAVING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Boeddinghaus, of Elberfeld, in the Kingdom
of Prussia, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS
FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FANCY OR FIGURE WEAVING."
Sealed the 22nd January 1867, and dated the 25th July 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Boeddinghaus at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th July 1866.
I, JULIUS BOEDDINGHAUS, of Elberfeld, in the Kingdom of Prussia, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
OR APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FANCY OR FIGURE WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
The improvements relate principally to the production of fancy or figure
weaving by the use of ribbon shuttles, commonly called "swivels," for the
laying in of weft to the fancy or figure portions of the fabric, whilst the
ground or body of the fabric is produced by ordinary weaving. The frame
carrying the small shuttles or "swivels" is suspended upon the batten by rods
connected to arms from an axis which is provided with another arm, to which.
one of the cords of the jacquard or pattern surface is connected, so that a pull
on this cord will draw the "swivel" frame down into the position for weaving
by the "swivels," whilst a spring or weight takes it back again. The rack for
giving motion to the "swivels " is connected to one end of a rod, the other'
end of which is attached to a crank pin from an axis upon which is applied a

page_text: disc and studs capable of being taken into by the teeth of a rack which, by
intermediate levers and connecting rods, is actuated by a lever arm with a
slotted opening in it by which it receives motion from a crank on the crank
axis. A spring squaring motion holds the parts in position after each traverse.
In order to produce figures in intermediate positions the "swivel" frame is
capable of endway movement, and is actuated at the times or in the order
desired, similarly to that for the traverse of the "swivels." The "swivels "
may move in horizontal directions, or when the figures are very close together
they may move in curves, and the curve of one may cut through those of
adjoining shuttles. The pinions taking into the racks on the shuttles, and
those taking into the moving racks are formed of "sizing," such as that of
which loom pickers are ordinarily produced.
In carrying out these improvements the pattern weft is laid into sheds
formed for them by the jacquard intermediate of the ordinary sheds for the
body of the fabric, by which the loose ends of these pattern parts are kept at
the back of the fabric and the figure is taken at once to the face of it. The
picking for the ordinary shuttles is effected by tappets on the crank shaft
acting on moveable parts of the picking levers; the moveable parts are
brought into position to be acted upon by their tappets, or moved out of the
way of those tappets by levers which are held in one position by springs,
and drawn therefrom by cords from the jacquard or pattern surface. This
method of controlling the order of picking is applicable to other cases where
variation in the order of picking is desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Julius Boeddinghaus in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th January 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I, JULIUS
BOEDDINGHAUS, of Elberfeld, in the Kingdom of Prussia, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent: Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year. of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Julius Boeddinghaus, Her special licence that I, the said Julius Boeddinghaus,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Julius
Boeddinghaus,. my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during

page_text: the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
OR APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FANCY OR FIGURE WEAVING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Julius Boeddinghaus, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent. .
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julius Boeddinghaus, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The improvements relate principally to the production of fancy or figure
weaving by the use of ribbon shuttles, commonly called "swivels," for the
laying in of weft to the fancy or figure portions of the fabric, whilst the ground,
or body of the fabric is produced by ordinary weaving.
In carrying out these improvements the frame carrying the small shuttles or
"swivels " is suspended upon the batten by rods connected to arms from an
axis, which is provided with another arm to which one of the cords of the
jacquard or pattern surface is connected, so that a pull on this cord will draw
the swivel frame down into the position for weaving by the swivels, whilst a
spring or weight takes it back again. The rack for giving motion to the
"swivels " is connected to one end of a rod, the other end of which is attached
to a crank pin from an axis, upon which is applied a disc and studs capable
of being taken into by the teeth of a rack, which by intermediate levers and
connecting rods is actuated by a lever arm with a slotted opening in it by
which it receives motion from a crank on the crank axis. A spring squaring
motion holds the parts in position after each traverse. In order to produce
figures in intermediate positions the "swivel" frame is capable of endway
movement, and is actuated at the times or in the order desired, similarly to
that for the traverse of the "swivels." The "swivels "
may move in hori-
zontal directions, or when the figures are very close together they may move
in curves, and the curve of one may cut through those of adjoining shuttles.
The pinions taking into the racks on the shuttles, and those taking into the
moving racks are formed of "sizing," such as that of which loom pickers are
ordinarily produced. The picking is effected by tappets on the crank shaft

page_text: acting on moveable parts of the picking levers. These moveable parts are
brought into position to be acted upon by their tappets, or moved out of the
way of those tappets by levers which are held in one. position. by springs, and
drawn therefrom by cords from the jacquard or pattern surface. This method
of controlling the order of picking is applicable to other cases where variation
in the order of picking is desired.
But that the Invention may be more fully understood I will, by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe means pursued by me in.
carrying the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a front view, and Figure 2 an end view of parts of a loom
with my improvements applied to it. In both views the same letters indicate
corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a, a, is the main framing; b is the main or crank axis, which has rotary
motion given to it by a steam engine, or other suitable power acting in the
usual way by a strap or band passing partly round the pulley 6' affixed on that
axis b; b is the loose pulley; 63 is a fly wheel affixed on the shaft or axis b;
c is the batten or lathe supported by the lathe swords c¹, and receiving motion
from the cranks of the erank shaft or axis 6 by means of connecting
links in the usual way; d'is the frame for carrying a series of small shuttles
or "swivels " e; and I would remark that although I have only shewn two of
these small shuttles or "swivels " e there may be one to each of the curved
grooves d' in which they travel, and the number of them may be varied to
the pattern or effect desired to be produced, and in place of the small shuttles
or "swivels " employed being caused to travel in curved courses or grooves,
ás here shown, they may be caused to move in other and ordinary ways. The
pattern or effect indicated as that supposed to be attained by the improve-
ments and shown by the Drawings is a series of spots f¹, f, on the fabric f
but the forms obtained as well as the order of them it will readily be
understood' may
be greatly varied. This frame d is suspended by means of
cars d' from the rod d³, so as to be capable of an up-and-down motion in the
up-and-down motion of that rod d³, whilst it is kept to the face of the batten
by the rods d', which at their upper ends support the rod d³, those rods d'
being formed with slots d³ to embrace studs de projecting from the back of the
batten. The lower ends of the rods d' are by pin joints connected to arms d
affixed to an axis ds, to which is also applied another arm do, the outer end of
which is connected to one end of the cord d10, the other end of which is con-
ected to the lever d", which turns on an axis d", and is actuated; from the

page_text: jacquard by the cord d¹³, so that a pull on the cord d causes the board d to
be moved downwards, so that warp threads for the time selected to be raised
would come into the grooves d" of the board d, and the small shuttles or
swivels in moving in their curved courses d' would pass and lay their threads
under such selected and raised warp threads. When the jacquard apparatus'
ceases to pull upon the cord d the board d will be raised by spring or
weight pressure. 9 is the tooth rack for giving motion to the "swivels."
This rack is supported so as to slide endwise on the board d, and it actuates
the shuttles or swivels e by its teeth taking into the teeth of a series of
intermediate wheels e', which turn upon axes e, and the teeth of which take
into the teeth of wheels e, which turn upon axes e, and whose teeth take into
the teeth of the small shuttles or swivels e, some of which shuttle or swivel
teeth are shown at e*.
To-and-fro motion is given to the rack g in the following manner :-g is a
rod, one end of which is by pin joint connected to the rack g, whilst the other
end thereof is connected to a crank pin 9 from the axis carried by the
frame d, and upon which axis is applied the disc g having studs g³ pro-
jecting from it, which when the frame d is drawn down causes the studs g³ to be
brought into position to be acted upon by the teeth of the rack h. This rack h
is capable of sliding endwise on the batten, and it is capable of being actuated
for its to-and-fro motion by being connected to one end of the connecting rod h¹,
the other end of which is by pin joint connected to one end of the lever A³,
which turns upon a stud h³ affixed to one end of the batten, and at its other.
end this lever he is by a pin h* connected to one end of a connecting rod h³,
the other end of which is by pin joint he connected to one arm of the lever h'."
This lever turns upon a fixed stud h³, supported by a standard from the'
main framing, and at its other end this lever h' is formed with a slot 79,.
through which, and also through a slot formed in a crank h affixed on the
crank axis b, passes a stud h" affixed in the end of the rod A", which is
capable of a slight up-and-down motion, so as to give capability, for varying
the extent of motion effected by the crank h on the lever: h; and thence-to-
the rack h. This up-and-down motion to the, rod his effected by the
jacquard or other pattern surface. A spring squaring motion- g holds the
disc g' in position after each motion thereto by the rack h.
In order to produce figures of succeeding rows in intermediate positions the
swivel frame d is capable of endway motion on the rod d³, and the desired'
motion is obtained by its being connected to one end of the rod i, the other
end of which moves on the pin i' of the crank i affixed to the .axis 3, upon
which is also affixed the disc it, which like the disc g is also provided with

page_text: studs to be acted upon also by the teeth of the rack h. The axis is is
supported upon one end of the lever is, which is supported so as to be capable
of turning on the stud i, from the standard' is carried by the batten. The
other end of the lever i is connected to one end of a spring i*, the other end
of which is connected to the batten with a tendency to keep the studs of the
disc out of the way of the teeth of the rack h, and the teeth of this disc i*
are brought into position to be acted upon by the teeth of the rack by
means of a cord is from the jacquard being connected to one end of a lever ¿¹,
which turns upon a fixed stud 1, and at its opposite end is connected to a
band or cord . The other end of this cord 16 is connected to the outer end
of a lever arm, which is connected to the lever by a pin joint 18, and by
its projection ; this arm i is connected to one end of the spring i20, the
other end of which is connected, as shown, to a projection from the lever iº.
The strength of the spring i20 is sufficient to extend the spring and admit of
the disc being drawn down to the teeth of the rack h, and yet it prevents
the cords
the pins
or i¹ from being broken by any obstruction being in the way of
when the disc i is drawn downwards.
By causing the shuttles or swivels to move in curves of the character
indicated with the curve or the course of one cutting through that of others
they are capable of working to produce patterns or portions of patterns very
close together.
The pinions e and e³ I form of "sizing," such as that of which loom
pickers are ordinarily produced.
In carrying out these improvements the pattern weft from the small shuttles
or "swivels " is laid into sheds formed for them by the jacquard intermediate
of the ordinary sheds for the body of the fabric, by which the loose ends of
the weft to these pattern parts will be kept at the back of the fabric, and the
figures desired are brought at once to the face of it. The "picking" for the
ordinary shuttles or those carrying the weft for the body of the fabric is effected
by tappets j, j, acting on noses j¹ from levers j2, which at their ends are con-
nected to the respective picking shafts j³, and at their lower ends turn on
centres of motion j carried by the arms j", which turn upon studs jo, carried
by the main framing, and have projecting pieces or fins j7 passing into slots
formed for them in the respective levers j, in order that whilst the levers j
may be free to move laterally independently of the levers j³ the levers j³ and ja
can only move in directions to and from the front of the loom. The parts j³
are moved towards or from the upper ends of the levers j³, so that the noses
may be in position to be acted upon by the tappets or wipers j, or to be
missed by them by means of levers k, which are formed to turn upon studs k¹

page_text: carried by the parts j³, and at one end are formed into slots to embrace each
a pin k projecting from a part j' whilst the other end of each of the levers k
is by cord k³ connected to and capable of being acted upon by the jacquard
or other pattern surface. The levers k are drawn in the opposite directions
to those effected by the jacquard by springs k. By these means the direction
or order of picking may be varied, and this method of controlling the direction
or order of picking is applicable to other cases in which the direction or order
of picking is desired to be varied.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying
the same into effect, I would bave it understood that I do not confine myself
to the precise details shown and described, as these may be varied without
departing from the peculiar character of the improvements; but what I do
claim is,
First, the adaptation or combination of means for obtaining ornamental
effects in weaving in manner substantially as explained.
Secondly, I claim the arranging and operating the picking motions for
fancy or figure weaving in manner substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julius Boeddinghaus, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
JULIUS BOEDDINGHAUS. (LS)
*JULIUS BOEDDINGHAUS. (LS)