Improvements in and connected with the Production of Photographs.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 19th May, 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Production of Photographs.
I, HERMANN OTTO FOERSTERLING, Engineer, of Friedenau, near Berlin, in the
Empire of Germany, do hereby declare, the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention for improvements in and connected with the production of
photographs relates to the production of finished positives by photographing the
negatives previously obtained in the same apparatus instead of converting the
negatives into positives, as hitherto, by printing or chemical action; on black
back-grounds. This apparatus may be vertically or horizontally arranged, and
the operation effected automatically or by hand.
In the accompanying drawings Figs. 1 and 2 are side views of photographic
apparatus constructed according to this invention.
bellows b with the objective serves for taking the negative. The finished nega-
Fig. 3 is a plan. The
tive is placed from inside on the front !, so that, when the bellows d is drawn
out, it stands opposite to the objective e and upon being "taken" again, fur-
nishes the desired positive. The top of the bellows d is made of some material
through which the light can penetrate, gauze for example.
The apparatus here represented is composed of a case a for receiving and
changing the plates, of the bellows with the objective e and the bellows d. In
the chamber a are two parallel tubes e, in which tubes are telescopically adjust-
able. The tubes f support the vertical tubes g, on which the objective frame can
be raised or lowered and adjusted by means of sleeves h. The back frame of the
bellows b is adjustable in a prismatic guide k.
This apparatus has no matt or focussing screen, but the focussing is effected
in accordance with a graduated scale placed on the tube f and experimentally
fixed according to the distance of the object. For determining the distance, a
measuring band arranged at the side of the apparatus is employed. The chief
points in the graduated scale, placed on the two tubes, are indicated in Fig. 1
with C copy, G group, L landscape, F full figure, K three quarter figure, B bust,
R. bicyclist. The number of points may be as preferred.
By means of this apparatus, the plates are exposed, the finished negative n
placed between the guides m of the closing plate or shutter 1. The bellows d is
adjustable by means of tubes o guided in the tubes f. The tubes o also may be
furnished with an experimentally determined graduated scale, for the purpose
of adjusting the bellows d. By means of the sleeves and i the bellows & can be
adjusted higher or lower on the tubes and 9. For the purpose of developing
the positive taken from the negative the negative is brought into the carrier.r
and the carrier successively immersed in the developing baths s, t, u, v.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. Process and apparatus for producing finished positives by photographing

page_text: the negatives previously obtained with the same apparatus, and apparatus com-
prising two bellows, of which the one is employed for taking the negatives and
both for taking the positives substantially as described.
2. In apparatus as indicated under Claim 1, the horizontal guiding of the
bellows by means of a system of telescopically adjustable tubes e, f, o, of which
the tubes f, o, for the purpose of focussing carry a graduated scale as a substitute
for the usual matt or focussing screen.
3. In apparatus as indicated under Claim 1, vertical tubes g, q, on which the
bellows can be adjusted upwards or downwards, by means of guiding sleeves h, i, p,
and a prismatic guide k.
Dated this 27th day of September 1899
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents.