Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM JOHN LEA, of No: 9, Adam Street, Adelphi, in the County of
Middlesex, Warming and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of hot air heating and
ventilating stoves and apparatus.
In carrying the invention, into effect, I provide the cold air admission chamber,
behind the fire grate proper, with gills or webs made of fire brick, which constitute
practically the effective heating surface. The exit by which the heated air passes
from the heating chamber, is a perforated plate, of an area as large as convenient,
to reduce the rate at which the air current moves, and is arranged, preferably at
right angles with the heated current.
I provide a chamber of, corresponding area above the perforated plate, through
which the heated air flows away at a slow and even rate through suitable apertures
into the room it is destined to warm and ventilate.
The fire grate proper, back, and front are made removeable independently of the
other parts of the stove, for the convenient carrying out of repairs.
My invention permits of the fire-grate proper being shallower than usual,
A suitably shaped flanged flue pipe, on the top of the stove, allows of a proper
junction being made with the chimney flue.
Dated this 04th day of December 1905

page_text: An Improved Hot Air Heating and Ventilating Stove.
I, WILLIAM JOHN LEA, of N° 9, Adam Street, Adelphi, in the County of
Middlesex, Warming and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved construction of hot air heating and
ventilating stoves and apparatus and consists in improved air-warming and
distributing chambers.
In order that my invention, and the means by which the same may be carried into
practical effect, may be thoroughly understood, I will proceed to describe the same in
detail, referring in so doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as
part of this specification and read therewith, and in which like parts are marked
throughout the figures with the same reference letter.
The drawings illustrate the application of my invention to a modern open-fire
grate. I have chosen this method of illustrating the application, because open fire
grates are such familiar types of hot air apparatus; but I would have it distinctly
understood that my invention is not confined in its applicability to open-fire
grates, but may be advantageously applied to other types of hot air warming
- apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation.
Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation taken on the line A-B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a plan taken at the level of the line C-D of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan taken at the level of the line E-F of Fig. 2.
A is a chamber provided behind the fire grate proper, into which the cold air is
admitted from some source external to the room to be warmed. It extends to the
front of the stove on either side, but not to the top of the same.
B is the fire-brick back of the fuel bed, and has a series of gills b, formed on its
back surface, which, therefore, project into the air chamber, A, and constitute the
heating surface of my invention. The area of these webs is proportioned to the
area of the front face of the back exposed to the direct action of the incandescent
fuel.
C is a horizontal perforated iron plate fixed above the heating chamber, A, which
it separates from a second chamber, D. The horizontal area of this chamber is in
excess of that of the chamber, A. The front of it, d, is perforated and fitted with
a hit-and-miss valve,
.
In arranging the relative areas of the heating chamber, A, and the second
chamber and front plate, d, I make the two latter of a greater capacity than the
former, that the rate at which the current travels upwards through the chamber, A,
may be diminished as it passes through the second chamber, and may, therefore,
flow through the plate, d, into the room to be warmed at a sufficiently slow rate to
render its entrance imperceptible as a draught.
The second chamber, D, therefore acts as an expansion chamber, and the plate, C,
as a baffle, plate to the ascending current of warm air.

page_text: E is a pipe connecting the fire place with the chimney, F. It passes through the
second chamber, D, with the top and bottom of which it makes air-tight joints.
The top of the pipe, E, is made with a wide flange, e, which facilitates the making
a workmanlike joint between it and the brickwork of the chimney.
The perforated plate, C, and all below it, can, according to my improved con-
struction, be taken out of their setting for repairs without disturbing the remaining
parts of my improved stove.
It will be obvious that in consequence of the large heating area which my
invention provides, none of which is iron, a metal which is known to exert a
deleterious influence on the atmosphere if it be above a certain temperature-but
fire brick only, as much air as is required by the occupants of the room can be safely
and readily warmed and its supply to said room regulated with exactness, without
there being any necessity to keep an extravagant fire in which the combustion is
necessarily as incomplete as is the consumption of coal unnecessary for the practical
effect produced in raising the temperature of the room.
I wish it to be understood that I may replace the perforated plate C by a plain
plate and arrange the second chamber D and plate d at the side of the stove
instead of at the top.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination with an air warming chamber behind the grate, of the
second chamber above the grate, from which the warmed air flows into the room,
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In combination with a fire brick back the series of gills of the same material
formed upon the back thereof and projecting into the air warming chamber, sub-
stantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination with the second chamber of the regulatable openings through
which the warmed air can flow into the room, substantially as described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination of perforated plate forming one side of the second chamber
into which the warmed air from the warming chamber flows with the stove for
the purpose of allowing both plate and stove to be removed from the setting leaving
the upper part, viz., the said second chamber, the smoke flue, and the perforated
front plate undisturbed, substantially as described with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
5. The combination of perforated plate forming one side of the air warming
chamber, with any convenient duct along which said warmed air can flow into the
room to be warmed, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.