CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SAWING, BORING, AND MANUFACTURING WOOD, APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1833

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HAMILTON, of Threadneedle Street, in the City of London, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twentieth day of December, in the fourth year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said James
Hamilton, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said James Hamilton, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said James Hamilton, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SAWING,
BORING, AND MANUFACTURING WOOD, APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PURPOSES;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said James Hamilton,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that, in compliance with the said proviso, I, the James
Hamilton, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist,
First, in certain horizontal tables or benches adjustable to various heights
and angles of inclination, furnished with graduated scales, guide plates, stops,
centre pins, and radius bars for determining the position, shape, and measure
of wood, when manufactured or acted upon by saws or boring instruments, as
herein-after described.
Secondly, in an improved mode of fitting a horizontal saw, to be worked as
such a bench as aforesaid. And,
Lastly, in a bench for sawing timber on a bevel for ship-building purposes.
And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said James Hamilton,
do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed
by the following statement thereof, reference being bad to the Drawings
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereof, it being observed that
similar letters are used to denote similar parts in all the Figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
In Drawing A, Figure 1 is a horizontal plan of three such tables or benches
as aforesaid, two for sawing, and one for boring, arranged so as to form one
machine, as set up especially for the operation of manufacturing wood into
certain parts of wheels, but many parts of which machine as here shown are
applicable to various other purposes. Figure 2 is an elevation of the machine
seen through the red line No. 1, 2, looking from No. 1 end of the line.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the machine seen through the red line No. 3, 4,
looking from No. 4 end of the line. Figure 4 is an elevation of the machine
seen through the red line No. 3, 4, looking from No. 3 end of the line. At
Figure 5 are fences and segments to place on the table C, to hold felloes in
their proper position to be bored for the dowels. Figure 6 is a plan of the
apparatus under the table C, intended for boring the naves of wheels to
receive the spokes, and to be brought into operation by removing the table or
bench. Figure 7 is a longitudinal elevation, and Figure 8 a cross section of
Figure 6; the two show the method of supporting the nave while the spoke
mortices are being bored, and also of dividing them as wanted. A, A, Figures
1, 2, 3, 4, and 6, is the main framework to sustain the bearings of the
machine; there are three tables placed on this frame, so as to form benches;
the one B, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, seen in front from No. 1 end of the line, is that
at which it is intended to cut mitres and tennon shoulders, felloe joints, and
other framing work to any required angle, and at the same time accurately
eutting the pieces to any required lengths by the aid of the guage plates and

page_text: scales on the surface of the table, and cutting the shoulders of tennons
accurately to depth and length by measures determined both laterally and
vertically by the guage plates which are attached to the bench and frame.
The horizontal saw is applied to or worked at, and will be described with this
bench. The table C, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, is that at which it is intended
to bore out the spoke sockets in wheel felloes, the spoke mortices in wheel
naves, and generally to bore out any work in wood requiring accuracy
and dispatch. The table D, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, is that at which it is intended
to cut tennon cheeks, felloes of wheels, the circular rails of chair backs, chair
legs, and other work of the same description, either square in the face or
bevelled to any required angle, or in any required radius or diameter of
a circle, thereby saving much time and material. Perpendicular saws are
used at this bench. And the mode in which these several objects are
respectively effected at the different tables is herein described as follows,
the same letters and figures referring to similar parts in all the several
Figures. And first, I will describe the horizontal saw and the bench B.
a, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, is a drum or driving pulley, connected by a band in the
usual way to steam or any other first power; this drum a is fitted on the
shaft b, having the crank c working between two bearings; to this crank is
attached a connecting rod d, jointed to the heel of the saw and frame e. This
saw and frame slide in the horizontal gate f, which is secured at one end by a
pair of saddle couplings g, g, upon the wings of the crank shaft b, and has a
balance weight i at the hinder part of the bar h, which is tailed upon a fork
near the end of the saw gate f, and secured by a small connecting rod k, and
cross head 1, and a pair of joints to the saw gate f, so as to give an effective
balance. When the machinery is in motion, the workman pulls the saw down
by the elliptical head of the gate in the direction of the arrow. on the material
lying on the table of the bench B. In this table, immediately under the saw,
and in the same line, a small groove allows the saw to clear the table, and
the gate slide being received on the tops of the vertical stops m, m, the
saw may continue in motion, but cannot cut any lower than is required into
the material it is working on, and the saw is to be kept accurately adjusted. to
one descending point by the horns n, n, working in the cross head slides o, o,
kept apart by the length of the saw by the stretcher bar p, the whole sliding
in the gate f by the cross head slides o, o, made in two parts, kept to the gate
slides by spring wedges, and two vertical guide pieces 9, 9, at the back of the
vertical stops m, m, keep the saw gate from having any lateral or swaying motion.
Below the table B, the shaft r, working in bearings on the horizontal supports
of the main frame, has a pinion s, s, in each end; the pinions work into racks

page_text: t, t, on the vertical sliding posts v, v, which are secured at the upper ends of
the frame which carries the table B, and these posts slide in vertical sockets
in the main frame. On any convenient part of the shaft r is placed a hand
drum,, by turning which the table of the bench will be elevated or depressed
as required, and when brought to the desired height is retained there by a
rachet wheel w, either on the drum u or on the shaft near the pinion, and a
small paul & upon the standard frame; the guage plate y on the front of the
vertical stops m, m, being graduated in inches and parts, furnishes a scale by
which the table B may be set, so that the saw e shall only cut any required
depth. Along the back of the table B is a fence cleet 2, whose face is a line
exactly rectangular with the saw e; in front of this cleet is a metallic scale a 1,
of inclies and parts, measured from the saw as a common centre; in front of this
scale a slot opens into a wider groove in the table below, which groove receives
the head of a bolt, the front of which comes up through the guage clamps 62,
and holds them at any desired distance by a nut. The material to be sawed,
being placed down against the fence 2, with one end against the guage
clamp. 62, will now be sawed successively into pieces, the precise lenth
required, and this material is to be held in place by two file-faced holding
clamps c2, c 2, jointed on to the points of two crooked bars d 2, moved
by the lever e 2, both the clamps and lever having their common centre in the
cross: shaft f2, and the balance bar and weight g 2, to return it upwards;
when the lever is pulled in the direction of the arrow, the clamps will press
on the material to be sawed, and hold it securely in place. Upon the workman
releasing the lever and saw gate, they go up while he shifts the material, and
on pulling them down the machine repeats the previous operation. The
dotted lines h 2, on the face of the table B, indicate fence or guide boards,
placed by pins in boles in the table at angles of 45°, thus making a correct
mitre joint by cutting the material with the saw on either side, and this part
is. capable of being varied to any required angle or degree by changing the face
of the fence: The excentric circular lines i 2 are parts of circles increasing
in diameter as their centres recede from the back centre of the guage scale, and
being numbered to their respective diameters on the metallic plates k 2, have
also a set of figures on their perimeters, showing that so many segments or
pieces. will make a circle, thus enabling the workman to deliver wheel felloes
or any similar work cut to a length and joint that will make in a certain
number of parts a complete rim of a wheel, the guage clamp 6 2, and one of
the clamps 62, giving the exact form and length required. By these means
various descriptions of cross cutting work can be done on this bench with the
certainty that when the saw and the several guage clamps and the table of the

page_text: bench are once correctly set, every cut made and all the pieces of the material
produce, whatever may be their form or angles, will be exactly alike, the saw
always moving in one uniform direction, and cutting to one uniform depth,
according as it is set for the particular work required. It is only necessary
here to observe, that various scales and guide plates may be fitted to such a
bench table as that marked B, adapted to any particular work that may be
required to be performed at it.
I will now proceed to describe the bench marked C, at which boring is to
performed. The table of the bench C is fitted with a set of pinions and racks,,
and ratchets, and pauls, to raise, depress, or secure it at any needful elevation,
in exactly the same manner as the table of the bench B is fitted, and the same
lettering applies to the similar parts of this portion of the machinery in each
bench. On this end of the crank sharft b is a fly wheel E, and outside of that
a screw serving the purpose of a mandril nose, upon which to receive the
chuck m 2, which carries the auger or boring bit n 2, shown as ready for use..
Across the face of the table C are two metal plates having each a slot in
them, their whole length, in which the pins of the guide fence o 2, slide, which.
keeps the fence at any distance on the table, always at a rectangle to the
centre of the working auger or boring bit; any material which is to be bored
is placed in front of the fence, and both pushed towards the auger or bit,
which will then bore an accurately rectangular hole, and the depth of this hole
is to be regulated by the stop-bar 6. 2, moving and secured in the slots 7 2,
set according to the length of the auger or bit by the guage plates at each end..
When boring the felloe of a wheel to receive the spokes, a segment » 2,
having one side straight side and the other a concave segment cut to the same
radius as the outside of the wheel felloe, is placed with the straight edge to the
front of the fence o 2, and held by two pins entering into corresponding
holes. The felloe to be bored having been cut to an accurate length on the
bench B, is first placed with one end against the stop s 2, then pushed up to
the auger, and when one hole is bored, is slidden without raising or turning so
as the bring the other end against the stop t 2, when the second hole is bored;
each felloe will thus be bored successively with the holes equidistant from
each end, and with a space between each hole in the felloe equal to that
between both holes and the end, and each hole will be in a straight line from
the centre of the wheel. When boring the end of the felloe to receive the.
dowel, another pair of fence boards v 2, Figure 5, is placed on the table 'C,
and regulated by pins working in the slots u; a convex segment w 2, is laid
against the fence boards v2; the felloe being placed against and held by
pointed studs in the segment, is now slidden up against the anger, and a hole,,

page_text: centrical and parallel with the sides of the felloe, is bored to receive the dowel.
To prevent misfits at the ends of the felloes from boring them with the
opposite sides downwards, the same operation takes place at the opposite end
of the felloe by merely turning ends with the felloe without lifting it up, and
placing the concavity of the felloe against the convexity of the guide segment,
which having being properly adjusted, the rim of the wheel may be put fully
together with the concave ring, and one face flush and fair all the way round.
If more convenient, from the felloe being small, the same operation may be
effected by having one smaller segment with a concave face, set against the
smaller fence, shown in Figure 9. When one end is bored in the position
shown, the segment is to be turned over and laid against the opposite fence
board, and the fellow shifted end for end, without lifting up, which will give
the same operation upon the opposite end of the felloe, with the same side
downwards, and the guages scales, shown in Figure 5, will enable the work-
man to adjust the fence boards for these and for any other suitable purposes.
When this portion of the machine is employed to bore the spoke mortices in
the naves of wheels, the table of the bench is to be removed, and the apparatus
shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, is brought into opperation. a 3 is a mandril
or arbour, which is to pass through and receive the nave fitted at one end to
the dividing plate 6 3, divided in the usual manner, and held to any position
by the index arm and pointed pin c 3, the whole being supported in the
centres of the puppet heads & 3, which are attached to a sliding carriage and
frame e 3, the bearers of which on the main standard frame are to be so
placed that the centres of the puppet heads and carrying mandril are always
accurately in line with the centre of the working auger or bit; the pin of the
index arm being set to the required number on the dividing plates, the puppets
heads and mandril with the nave to be bored, is now slidden successively so as
to bore the first part of each hole required. The carriage e 3, on which the
puppet heads are fixed, slides on the frame beneath and is secured by a bolt
at each end working through slots in the carriage. These slots allow the
carriage to be shifted longitudinally, so as to bring the nave into the proper
position to have the second part of the mortice holes bored, and one of the
screws through the carriage of the puppet head gives a central point so as to
allow the mandril being shifted to bore the mortice holes, according to the
dishing of the spokes; at the other end a slot in the carriage or sliding frame
allows that end of the carriage to be shifted in or out to the required angle for
the dishing, and it is held there by a bolt and screw long enough to work
through both slots; if needful, the feet flanges of the puppet heads may be
made so as to allow longer slots in their sliding direction for the purpose of

page_text: boring out mortices of greater length than those indicated by the Drawing.
When the nave to be bored for the spoke mortices is not already bored for
the axle, and the mandril cannot be used, a stud chuck f 3, Figure 10, on
the centre of the dividing plate is to be used, and a similar chuck g 3,
on the centre screw of the opposite puppets head. These will give the
needful support and facility for dividing while the nave is being bored for the
mortices; the lateral movement to and from the tool is effected by the
workman's hands, or may be caused by a horizontal screw working in a nut
under the frame, which will carry the puppets heads. By these various
facilities, this portion of the machinery is competent to perform various kinds
of boring.
At the other
I will now proceed to describe the third bench D, at which the per-
pendicular saws are to be used. Under the bench D is the crank and
shaft I, having at one end the driving drum F to connect this part of
the machine to steam or any other power as a first mover.
end of the crank and shaft H, is a fly wheel G, and on the crank H
is a connecting rod h 3 jointed to the vertical saw frame i3, which is
made with one side rail 3 across head and foot rail, each having a
scale of inches and parts on one side, the saw No. 1 remaining at unity. The
other saw No. 2 may be placed at any required distance, and the fence board
(shown detached in Figure 11), placed at the required distance from the saw
No. 1 or unity, and the No. 2 saw, next the material to be worked on, being
held down to the table by the pin 1 3 in the slot bar m 3 secured in the fence
bar by the screw and nut n 3. The saw frame thus made slides up and down
by the motion of the chuck H at the side of the guide post I, on which the
slides No. 3 are fixed (as shown in the detached Figures 12 and 13), by which
the side rail k 3 is steadied, and also between the guide posts K, K, or the
slides may be made, as shown in plan in the detached Figures 14, 15, the
counter-weight o 3 in the end of the bar p 3 attached to the crank H being
equal (with the leverage) to the weight above, the crank will equalize the lift
and fall of the saws, or one side of the fly wheel G being made lighter in the
same proportion, will obtain the same object. These first saws are for for
cutting cheeks of tennons, slitting small materials, and any other small straight
work which is to be guaged by the fence board 9 3, shown detached in
Figure 11, adjusted by the guage plates 3 and screwed down to the face of
the table through the arms and slots s 3, the longitudinal measure being given
by the stop clect No. 4 on the face of the table. Outside of the guide posts
K, K, which have a second set of sliding pieces t 3 to steady the saw frame
i 3, another saw or two, if needful, are to be placed. The table of the

page_text: bench D is made in two parts strongly jointed together at v 3, and the part
next the outer edge of the bench is made to run from the standard frame
below, so as to make an acute angle with the saws by a screw u 3 through a
swivel nut w 3, the carriage of which is on a plate screwed to the standard
frame. This screw v 3 is housed at the upper end in swivel socket 3, the
carriage of which is on a plate screwed to the under side of the table in the
same way as the swivel nut. A washer and pin through the point of the
screw finishes the connection of the screw with the table D. In place of
the screw two toothed segment racks, with pinions and ratchets working in a
common arbor, may be used; when thus raised up any material that is placed
on this part of the table will be cut by the saws Nos. 1 and 2 at the co-equal
angle or bevil. This bench is also intended to cut circular by the material
being set on the radius arms and apparatus hereafter described, and by the
union of the bevelling screw and radius arms wood may be manufactured or
cut both circular and beveled to any required angle or radius. Upon the face
of the table, and in a parallel line with the saws and frame i 3, are two metallic
plates 2, 2, having a slot between them, and a guage scale on one plate
measured in inches and parts from the outer surface of the saw next to the
posts K, K. These are also shewn in the detached Figures 16, 18, 21. In
the slot the pin 1, shown detached in Figure 16, having a two part head, is
placed; the pin coming above the guage bar 2, has a nut 4 screwed on its
lower part, securing a small plate 3 which forms an index finger, whose square
side is in a line with the centre of the pin 1, and at a right angle to the guage
plate 2. The radius bar 5, Figure 16, has a pin 6 similar to pin 1 going
through it, and through the slide piece 7 held by the nut 8. In the slide 7 is
a hole which is placed so that pin 1 goes through it. At the end of the radius
bar the segment 9 receives the material to be sawed, which is then firmly held
on the segment by the holding piece 10, having a sliding clamp 11 and
screw 12 upon it, and the material will now travel to the saw and be cut in
the arc of the circle, whose radius is denoted by the index finger 3 and guage
plate 2. A sliding piece 13 placed across the slide 7 has a slot which allows
it to be secured at any required space across the slide 7, and a hole in the
opposite end to receive the pin 1 will enable the workman to cut pieces for
chair legs in the form of Figure 17, or any required similar eccentric
forms. When it is required to saw a plank whose width is greater than
the radius of the circle required to be worked on, the bars are to be changed,
as shown in Figures 18, 21, by placing the radius bar and log 5 upon the
back centre slide plate 14, which slides under the segment 9. At one end
two shoulder studs keep the radius bar steady, and at the other end a pin 15,

page_text: goes into a hole in the stud of the bottom plate 16, shown detached in
Figures 19, 20, secured to the under side of the guage plate by the pin
and nut 17 at the centre of the required radius, which centre is now
between the holding dog 10, and the working saw, and an arc or segment may
be cut out of a less radius than the width of the plank which it is sawed out
of. In these last described operations the material is received upon a metal
segment 18 on the face of the table of the same thickness as the segment on the
radius bar, which is shown by dotted lines as between the saw No. 1 and the
post K, but may be placed between the saw and radius segment if required.
The holding down of the material on the table is effected by the rollers 19, 19,
and the forked end of the bar 20, which is steadied by the box 21 sliding
between the posts K, K, at the upper end of the bar 20. The lever 22 is
jointed and attached at the outer end to the screw 23, by which the pressure
of the rollers 19, 19, on the material is effectively regulated. A feed strap 24
passing round the horizontal roller 25, having a hook at one end of the strap,
and the other end attached to the small spindle and winch 26, is hooked to the
material, and by this the workman is enabled to draw the material on as it is
cut by the saw or saws needful to perform the cutting most effectively by
placing the centre, on which the table lifts in a line with the outer sides of the
saw No. 1, and with the surface of the table itself; no variation will occur
between the distance indicated by the guage plate and the actual distance of
the centre from the lowest working point of the saw. By the operation of the
bevelling table the radial bars, scale segment, and holding clamps, as above
described, materials may be sawed to the sweep of any circle within the reach
of the machine with any bevel or angle that may be required, thus giving
facility and saving material in sawing out the back rails of chairs and chair
legs, felloes of wheels, and any similar work required to be cut in a curve,
either with square or bevelled edges.
The Drawing marked B represents a table or bench of my improved con-
struction, adapted particularly to the sawing of ship timber, where constantly
varying bevels are required, and where, from the weight of the pieces of wood
to be manufactured or sawed, considerable power is required to present them in
the required position of the saw to obtain that object. Figure 1 is a plan of
a bench for this purpose. A, A, A, A, are the end and side frames of the
bench. B, B, is the main bed or table of the bench, supported by and turning
on the axes at each end C and D. The machinery which causes this main
bed to turn on its axes will be hereafter explained. E, E, is an adjusting bed
resting on the main bed, and furnished with the eight rollers or casters
marked F to facilitate its traversing motion. This adjusting bed turns on an

page_text: annular or hollow centre at G, through which the saw (the cross head of which
is marked f) works, and can be adjusted to various angles, as shown by the
red and blue lines on this Figure, by means of the wormed or screwed shaft H,
turned by the hand wheel I; this wormed shaft, which is under the main bed,
turns in a nut fixed to the under side of the adjusting bed E, E, and there is a
slot cut in the main bed to allow the said nut to traverse; besides the traversing
motion given by the screwed shaft H to the adjusting bed E, E, it has another
motion given to it at its annular centre by means of a second screwed shaft J
turned by the hand wheel K. This second screwed shaft is also placed under the
main bed, and turns in the nut at L, which nut works in a slot in the shaft M
which moves from a fixed centre at N, and has a slot in it at O, which takes over
a pin or stud fixed to the under side of the square sliding frame P, P. Now
the annular centre or ring Q is bushed unto this sliding frame P. P, which
rests and slides over the aperture R, R, and it is evident from this arrangement
that if the second screwed shaft J be turned, the bar M will be drawn by the
nut L to one side or the other, according as the hand wheel K is turned, and
will drag with it the square frame P, P, and annular centre G, by means of the
stud in the slot at 0; if the screwed shaft II be not acted upon the while, then
its stud will become the centre on which the adjusting bed turns, and thus two
distinct traversing motions are given to the adjusting bed. The mode of
giving various angles of inclination to the main bed, and consequently to the
adjusting bed which which is upon it, will be better explained by other
Figures. Having now described generally the action of the bed or table
of the bench, it only remains for me, as far as this Figure is concerned, to
describe the mode of placing the timber which is to be cut on the bed, and
bringing it forward to the saw, during that operation. For this purpose I
place a false bed or carriage S on the adjusting bed, of the same width as the
adjusting bed, resting on two angular rails at each side; to this I fasten the
timber by dowels or clamps in the usual manner, and with the chain T, which
passes over a drum shown in another Figure, I draw this carriage with the
timber on it to and fro. Figure 2 shows the manner in which I give any
required inclination to the main bed of the bench; this may be done by
simply applying the hand of the operator to the handle U, or it may be done
by pauls acting upon the toothed wheels V and W, as will be shown in the
next Figure; where the bevel required is regularly progressive in its variation,
the latter mode will be found most effectual; where it is irregular, the former
mode may be resorted to. Figure 3 is a side elevation, in section, of the
bench represented in plan by the last Figure. X is the perpendicular saw
worked by the crank Y, which is on the main working shaft, with the fly

page_text: wheel Z. On this main shaft there is also a cam a, which at every revolution
of the shaft strikes the friction roller b, at the end of the rod c, and drives it
forward to the extent of the excentric on the cam, while the inclined
position of the rod allows the return action to take place by its own gravity,
for which purpose it moves loosely in the guides d, e, which support it. At g
is a cross head to the rod, carrying two pauls or clicks h and i; these clicks
take into the ratchet wheels V, W, one of which only can be seen in this
Figure, but which have their teeth set different ways, so that when the paul i is
in gear, the main bed is inclined one way, and when the paul h is in gear, an
opposite inclination is given to it. The small screw j is to adjust the distance
which the paul is to recede from the ratchet wheel at each stroke of the rod,
thereby determining the number of teeth it is to progress at each revolution of
the cam, and thus obtaining the exact degree of increase or diminution of the
angle of the bevel of the timber which may be required during the progress of
the sawing process. It will be observed that the pauls i, h, are furnished with
short lever arms, which are fixed by a pin to the cross bar g, when it is
required to hold either of them in gear, which is the case with the paul i in
this Figure. is the chain drum mentioned before, but which could not be
shown in the last Figure. I, 1, is the timber to be sawed, placed on the
timber carriage S, which it has been before stated slides on rails, but which
rails are omitted in this Figure to prevent confusion in the lines, but are
clearly exhibited in Figure 4 by the letters r, r. This Figure is an end view
of the bench, but as similar letters are used to denote similar parts in all these
Figure, it will be unnecessary to give any further description of the three last
Figures than what a reference to the letters on Figure 1 will furnish, except
that I should add, p is the ratchet wheel for drawing the timber up to the saw
as it is cut, and is moved by a cam on the main shaft acting upon an inclined
rod, with a cross head carrying the clicks or pauls, precisely on the same plan
as that shewn to drive the ratchet wheels V and W.
Now whereas I claim as my Invention the following improvements, that is
to say:-
First, the arrangement of the horizontal tables or benches B, C, and D,
adjustable to various heights and angles of inclination, furnished with graduated
scales, guide plates, stops, centre pins, and radius bars, as aforesaid, for
determining the position, shape, and measure of wood when manufactured or
acted upon by saws or boring instruments, as herein-before described.
Secondly, the mode of fitting the horizontal saw berein-before described as
used at the bench B, with the balance weight i, the saw gate f, in which the
saw frame works, and its saddle couplings g, g. And,

page_text: Lastly, the bench herein-before described in the Drawing marked B, for
sawing ship timber to a bevel.
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
entirely new, and never before used within that part of His said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His said
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare
this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my
said Specification doth comply in all respects fully, and without reserve or
disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters.
Patent contained. Wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right
and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whercof, I, the said James Hamilton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord