A MACHINE BY HIM. INVENTED BY WHICH THE Νοχιους OR FOUL AIR MAY BE Ex- PELLED IN A SHORT INTERVAL OF TIME FROM ANY MINE, SHIP, GOAL, HOSPITAL, CHAMBER, OR OTHER CLOSE PLACE, AND FRESH COOL AIR INTRO- DUCED IN ITS STEAD, HOWEVER CALM THE ATMOSPHERE, OR HOWEVER WARM OR SULTRY THE SEASON OR CLIMATE
Year: 1789

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, WILLIAM
WHITE, of Garlick Hill, in the City of London, Tallow Chandler, sends
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His Royal
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twelfth day of May last, upon the Petition of the said William
White, did give and grant unto the said. William White, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, His special licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that he, the said William White, his exors, adiñiors, and assigns,
and every of them, by himself and themselves, or by his and their deputy and
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as he, the said William White,
his executors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within that part of His Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, "A MACHINE
BY HIM. INVENTED BY WHICH THE Νοχιους OR FOUL AIR MAY BE Ex-
PELLED IN A SHORT INTERVAL OF
TIME FROM ANY MINE, SHIP, GOAL,
HOSPITAL, CHAMBER, OR OTHER CLOSE PLACE, AND FRESH COOL AIR INTRO-
DUCED IN ITS STEAD, HOWEVER CALM THE ATMOSPHERE, OR HOWEVER WARM
OR SULTRY THE SEASON OR CLIMATE," in such manner as to him, the said
William White, his executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them,
should, in his or their discretions, seem meet, and that he, the said William

page_text: White, his exors, adiñiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might have and
enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage, from time to time
coming, growing, accruing, and arising, by reason of the said Invention, for
and during the term of years therein mentioned; and it is by the said in part
recited Letters Patent amongst other provisoes therein provided, that if the
William White should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under his hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majestie's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the
said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
should utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said
Letters Patent (relation being thereunto had) will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that that the said William White, in compliance with and
in performance of the condition in the said provisoe expressed and contained,
doth hereby declare that the nature of his said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, are herein-after particularly described and
ascertained:
The skin or piece of parchment hereunto annexed contains a Draught or
Representation of the machine & the parts of which it is composed,
calculated to elucidate the description and to ascertain the nature of the
said Invention. In which Draught or Plan,-
Figure 1 represents a profile or side view of the machine, in which the parts
distinguished by the letters: A represents the stand or frame of the machine;
B, the external case or cover, consisting of two parts, so constructed that the
In this
upper part may be taken off, leaving the lower part on, & vice versa.
case or cover apertures must be made to admit the air at the points dis-
tinguished by the letter O, and to discharge it at the parts marked K. C
represents one end of an axis or spindle, on which the wings of the fan
represented by Figure 3 are to be fixed, and which axis or spindle is
supported by the frame of the machine. D represents a block placed at the
end of the axis to receive the strop or band G, herein-after mentioned, from
the wheel E. E represents a wheel by which the fan is turned. F are iron
supporters placed in the frame A, upon which the axis of the wheel E rests;
G, a band of leather or cord surrounding the wheel and block, and com-
municating motion from one to the other. H represents the winch by which
the wheel E is turned. I represents a tube or pipe, which may be made of
wood, tin, or other matter, and may be fixed to the machine at K, and serves

page_text: to receive the air from the machine, and to convey it to the box L, and
may be taken on or off at pleasure, or used as occasion requires. K repre-
sents apertures in the case or cover B to discharge the air. L is a box which
may be made of wood, tin, or other matter, constructed so as to fit on
at the end of the tube I, and to be used occasionally to receive the
air, and to convey it into the pipes M. M are pipes, which may be
made of wood, tin, or other matter, and placed on the box L to receive
the air, to convey it from thence, and disperse it in the directions required.
These pipes are made to slide on one to the other so that the neck or mouth of
each may be moved compleatly round. N represents two legs or supporters for
the tube and box I & L. O represents a view of the aperture in the cover at
the end of the axis or spindle C, and of part of the fan as it appears through
that cavity or aperture. P represents an aperture in the back part of the
external case.
Figure 2 represents a front view of the machine as it appears when the
upper part of the cover is off, in which the parts distinguished by the letters:
A are the stand. B is the lower part of the case or cover. Q, the fan as it
appears when the upper part of the case or cover is taken off. R is a tube
or pipe, which may be constructed of wood, tin, or other matter, & may be
affixed at either end of the axis or spindle at O, to either of the cavities or
apertures there of the case or cover B, and extended into any room, apartment,
mine, or other place from whence foul air may be required to be exhausted
or drawn, and which will be accordingly drawn out by the suction of the
machine through this tube or pipe, and thrown out, either immediately at that
part of the apperture K which is next to this tube or pipe, or may be conveyed
to any further distance by placing another tube or other tubes or pipes to that
part of the cavity to receive it from the machine, and to convey it where
required. S is a tube or pipe constructed in like manner, and which may be t
fixed to the other part of the cavity K, from which it will be supplied with
fresh air, and that fresh air will be conducted by means of that tube or pipe
to any place or in any direction required, according to the length, possition, and
form of the tube or pipe, and by placing this tube or pipe into the same mine
or place as the tube R, the same motion of the machine which draws up the
foul air by means of the tube or pipe R will replace fresh air in its stead at
the same time by means of the tube. or pipe S.
Figure 3 represents the fan as it appears without the cover or frame.
This fan consists of various wings, which may be made of thin boards or other
matter, & must be affixed to the spindle or axis C, either by iron strops
with nuts and screws, or it may be fixed by brackets and many other means.
The part in this Figure distinguished by the letter T represents partitions

page_text: placed between each wing in the fan, compleatly dividing the fan into two
apartments, and by means of which partitions the twofold operation of the
machine explained in the description of Figure 2 is effected at one and the
same time, and consequently, if the machine is wanted for only one of those
purposes, the partitions will be unnecessary, and the machine may therefore
be made with or without them.
Figure 4 represents a view of a box or frame constructed for the purpose.
of dispersing the air in smaller and finer quantities when the tubes are
found too powerful for the purposes required. The parts in this Figure distin-
guished by the letters: U represents the frame or box, which may be made
of wood or other matter, to receive the brass plate V. V represents a plate.
of thin brass, or the plate may be constructed of tin, copper, or other matter,
with numerous small apertures through which the air is to pass. This plate
may be fixed in the box or frame U, or may be placed at the end of or within
a tube, and the form may be varied so as to suit the tube.
The Invention is performed and used in the following manner: --The ma-
chine is worked by turning the wheel E, which communicates motion to the axis
of the fan by the band G and the block D, and the Patentee conceives that
sufficient motion and velocity may also be communicated to the fan by clock-
work, water, and many other ways. When the machine is worked or used, the
cover or case C must be on, as it derives considerable part of its power and
effect from suction. The machine charges itself at the apertures O, and
discharges itself at the apertures K and P. Fresh air may be introduced
into the room in which the machine stands immediately from the machine
itself, and if not required to be directed particularly to one part of the room
more than another, the tubes may in that case be dispensed with; but by fixing
a tube or pipe to the aperture K, the immediate force and body of air may
be conducted to any particular parts or places in the room. If required to
supply any room, apartment, or place distant from that in which the machine
is worked, then tubes or pipes must be applied to the aperture K, and the air
conducted by means of those tubes or pipes to the place required; and thus
the most recluse parts of any house, ship, coal mine, or place may be supplied
with cool fresh air, tho' in point of situation it will not receive or admit the
machine itself; and by encreasing the number of the tubes or pipes, and
branching the one from the other, various apartments may be supplied at
one and the same time. When required to exhaust foul or stagnated air, a
tube or tubes or pipes must be placed at one or both ends of the axis or
spindle against the aperture O, so as to cover that aperture by one end of the
tube, and the other end must be extended to the place required. These tubes
may also be branched out so as to operate on various apartments at once.

page_text: The machine being then set in motion, the foul air will be drawn thro' the
tubes, and discharged from the machine either thro' the aperture K, or may
be conducted to a distant place by applying other tubes or pipes to that
aperture. The diameter and extent of the tubes or pipes must be adapted
to the size of the machine and the purposes to which they are to be applied;
but the aperture to which it is fixed in the machine should not exceed the
diameter of the tube, or if it does, the aperture should be contracted so
as to correspond with the tube. If the machine is to be used for both
purposes, that is, for the purpose of exhausting foul and supplying fresh air
at one and the same time, the fan of the machine must then be seperated
by the partitions T, and then the one division serves to draw up and expel
the foul air whilt the other supplies fresh. Wines and fruits may be cooled
by being placed while the machine is worked under the aperture P, at the
back part of the external case or cover, and the machine may be also used
to cool various other articles in like manner. The air introduced by means
of the machine may be impregnated with various kinds of scent or perfume
by placing a tube to the aperture at the axis O, and apply the scent or perfume
at the mouth or entrance of the tube; and in this way it is conceived that it
will be found to have very powerful and beneficial consequences in warm
climates, as it affords a means of impregnating the air with any scent, perfume,
or fluid obnoxious or destructive to the musquitos and other troublesome
insects, and thus expelling them from the apartments or destroying them. If
the machine is only wanted for one purpose at a time, the tube or pipe S
may be carried into the pipe R, and fresh air carried down that pipe when
the foul air is not drawing up it; but in that case a stop or register must be
placed in each pipe above the places where the two tubes or pipes join, and
the register of tube or pipe R must be shut whilst the fresh air is going down,
and so on the other hand the register of the tube or pipe S must be shut while
the foul air is coming up the tube or pipe R; and by this means one tube or
pipe will be made to serve both purposes, from the place where they are con-
nected or joined together.
In witness whereof, the said William White hath hereunto set his hand
and seal, the Eleventh day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of June, in the
year of our Lord 1789, the aforesaid William White came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to
the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and eighty-nine.