IMPROVEMENTS IN GIG MILLS EMPLOYED IN THE FINISHING OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1884

page_text: I CHARLES EDWARD MOSER of Aix-la-Chapelle Germany, Machine Maker do
hereby declare the nature of iny said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GIG MILLS
EMPLOYED IN THE FINISHING OF WOVEN FABRICS," and in what manner the saine
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
•
The invention relates to Gig Mills employed in the finishing of blankets, rugs,
flannels, and hosiery stuffs, Most of these fabrics require to be thick and lofty
without being heavy in texture, In order to attain this, they are hitherto raised
by cylinders covered with iron rods in which teazles are fixed or by wire card
clothed cylinders; but these systems have given only little satisfaction.
Firstly; they do not raise sufficient wool on light fabrics for fear of driving the
weft threads, as the attack on them is in direct opposition to their woven position
or cross wise the weft.
Secondly; the wool produced lays too-flat on the texture so that the touch
obtained on fabrics as above named becomes too-thin and too-stiff; in order to
make them loftier, they are mostly raised again by hand after they come from the
Gig Mill, which of course is very expensive.
In my invention the cylinders of the Gig Mill are also covered with teazle, but
these are not fixed in rods but are particularly well fastene on loose axles, the
position of which is so that the attack of the teazles on the weft threads is almost
in their longitudinal direction so that they cannot drive them. These axles on
which the teazles are fixed lay loose in supports and are obliged to revolve as
soon as the cylinder revolves and brings the teazles into contact with the stuff to
be raised, But as the teazle axles are not quite parallel to the cylinder itself, as
they are held in supports so as to allow no side motion and as the teazles are so
well fastened on their axles that they as well cannot make a side motion, the
teazles in revolving produce a side action on the stuff; each hook of them picks
into it and by the great speed of the cylinder, an enormous quantity of hooks
picking continuously into the stuff; an extraordinary close wool is raised without
being able to drive the threads Also the teazles revolving while picking and so
loosening themselves continuously from the stuff, in rolling off, their action is a
very soft one, which is most important for light goods. The teazles in rolling off
Prins all

page_text: .
open for the teazles to act. again and again on the threads. It is the close
and almost lifted up wool which produces a thick and lofty touch as before
described.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig 1 shows a Gig Mill with one cylinder covered with teazles according to my
invention as I adapt them for flannels, blankets and rugs. The stuff X to be raised
enters by the guiding roller A, touches the teazle cylinder B twice in being con-
ducted under and over the pressure rollers C. D. E, and is taken out of the inachine
by the guiding roller F to fall into a box G and if necessary to be taken again
through the machine by the roller A, In order to regulate the tension of the
stuff X while going through the machine, the two guiding rollers A. F. are con-
nected together by change wheels H. I and a chain K, the roller F receives the
motion through wheels L. M. and belting N from the teazle cylinder, The two
pressure rollers C. E. have a to and fro motion so as to regulate the contact with
cylinder B. Underneath this cylinder is a brush O to clean the teazles while they
are raising; this brush is made of a peculiar straw called rice-straw, which by its
great elasticity cleans perfectly without damaging the teazles.
Fig 2 shows a Gig Mill with one cylinder covered with teazles according to my
invention of a similar construction as Fig 1; I adapt it for the under sides of
cloth to render it soft and lofty, For these purposes it wants neither the tension
chain, nor the cleaning brush as adapted for Fig 1.
Fig 3 shows a Gig Mill with one cylinder covered with teazles according to.my
invention as I adapt it for hosiery fabrics, The stuff to be raised is rolled uponi
the roller A which is provided with a lever brake B to regulate the tension of the
stuff X, the latter then is guided round the pressure roller C to the cylinder D and
is taken out by a set of rollers E. F. G. H, As hosiery fabrics are more or less
elastic, the position of the different guiding rollers as shown in the drawing Fig 3
is necessary to prevent the stuff X from stretching more than it will stand while
getting raised, The guide roller G is driven from the cylinder 1) by wheels I, K.
and belting L, M, the roller C has a to and fro motion.
Fig 4 shows a Gig Mill with two cylinders covered with teazies according to my
invention as I adapt them for blankets, rugs and flannels, which want the same
degree of raising on both sides, For this purpose the stuff X goes into the machine
by the guiding roller A, and touches the front teazle cylinder B. twice in being
guided round the pressure rollers C, D, E, and is taken off from this front cylinder
by the front guiding roller F. Then the stuff X is guided right over the back
guide roller G, and the back teazle cylinder M. without touching them, on to the
roller H, from there round the pressure rollers 1. K. L. where it touches twice the
back teaz'e cylinder M, but on its other side so that whenever the front cylinder
has raised one side of the stuff, the back cylinder raises at once the other side of it,
which has the effect that when giving the same pressure on both cylinders, the
stuff is raised exactly alike on both sides. In leaving the pressure roller L, the
stuff X is taken off from the back cylinder M by the back guide roller G. from this
it falls into a box N which brings it again to the front of the machine so that it
may ass again through the machine if required, Under both teazle cylinders
are rice straw brushes 'O, O to clean the teazles continuously, the pressure
rollers C. E. I. L, have a to and fro motion, for each cylinder separately. The
guide roller G. receives its motion from the back teazle cylinder M, by wheels O. P
and belting Q. it moves the front guide roller F by change wheels R. S and the
roller F gives motion to the guide roller A. by a chain T and pinions W, all the
pinions may be changed to suit the tenson which is wanted between the different
guide rollers, so that the stuff X is stretched independantly for each cylinder.
Fig 5 shows an axle e according to my invention with the teazles so fastened on
it, that they can make no side motion whatever; it is square as far as the teazles

page_text: cover it; it carries on its ends and between every teazle, stars, the end star A is
welded on the axle; the other end star B and the stars C, D, between the teazles
are loose but have square holes corresponding to the axle, and they are secured by
a thin wire placed at the loose star B, The stars between the teazles have every
alternate point turned to the right and to the left in order to hold both the
teazles well, The axles may also be simply round and carry stars only at the ends
thereof one is welded and the other kept by a nuts as shown in Fig 6.
Fig 7 shows a set of supports to hold the axles e in their longitudinal direction
but to allow them nevertheless to revolve easily, Each support has a spring A
which closes the holes B in which the axle rests, by pushing the axle against this
spring the axle comes out of the opposite support and is thus free, In order to
make the position of the axles more or less inclined there are two or more holes
in each support to serve as bearings for the teazle axles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ;-
1. The employment of teaz'es fixed on revolving axles, of such peculiar con-
struction as to allow no side motion to the axles or teazles at the same time
allowing the axles to revolve freely.
2. The arrangement of the machines in which the stuff is passed in such a way
round one or two cylinders, as described and shown in Figs 1, 2, 3, and 4.
3. The peculiar construction of the axles with their teazles and their supports
as described and shown in Figs 5, 6, and 7.
4. The application of a rice straw brush on Gig Mills for the purpose of cleaning
the teazles.
Dated this twentieth day of December 1884.