IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING JUICE FROM FRUIT AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julius Ives, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th June
1862.
I, JULIUS IVES, of New York, in the United States of America, but now
residing at Bow, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING JUICE FROM FRUIT
AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improved apparatus for expressing juice from fruit and
other vegetable substances consists principally in the employment of elastic
rollers for crushing the fruit or vegetable substances, and expressing the juice
therefrom, in contradistinction to the use of hard or inelastic rollers or surfaces,
which may occasionally have been employed for analogous purposes. My
improved rollers or pressing surfaces are made of solid vulcanized india-
rubber or other suitable elastic compound, which is secured on a metal shaft
or spindle. I prefer to use two rollers, and in order to ensure their proper
action, toothed wheels are mounted on one end of the metal shafts or
spindles, and made to gear into each other, so that the surface speed of both
rollers may always be the same and that no grinding action may take place.
On the axle of one of the rollers is keyed a winch handle, for the purpose of
communicating motion thereto, and through the toothed gearing to the other
roller. The plummer blocks or bearings of the spindles are placed in slots
in the side frames, in which they may move or diverge from each other when

page_text: required. The surfaces of the rollers are kept in contact, or made to press
against each other by means of suitable springs, which are made to bear on
the ends of the spindles. Any convenient form of spring may be employed for
this purpose, but solid india-rubber springs will be found to answer satis-
factorily. Adjusting screws must also be adapted to the rollers for the
purpose of regulating the pressure. By these means not only are the surfaces
of the rollers made elastic, but the rollers themselves are capable of yielding
bodily to any undue or extraordinary pressure; so that hard substances that
may accidentally have become intermingled with the fruit or vegetable
substances may pass through the machine without damaging the same. It
will be evident, therefore, that in operating upon grapes, the whole of
the juice may be squeezed out or expressed without crushing the seeds and
stalks. The quality of the juice will, therefore, be improved, and the quantity
increased. The rollers may be placed either one above the other or side by
side, and the fruit may either be fed into the machine between the rollers, by
being enclosed in bags, and placed on an inclined feeding table, or it may be
fed in from a hopper above. If desired, some kinds of substances, such
as apples, pears, or rhubarb stalks, may be previously cut up or pulped in any
suitable machine, and then fed in through a hopper. The machine must be
adopted to a vat, tub, or receptacle, into which the expressed juice will run,
while the solid matters, such as the skin, peeling; husks, and stalks, and seeds,
or pips, will be received on a table, and carried forward or removed out of the
machine. It will sometimes be found convenient to arrange two, three,
or more pairs of pressing or squeezing rollers in combination, and cause the
vegetable substances to pass between them all in succession. By increasing
the pressure of each succeeding pair, the solid matters will, upon issuing from
the last pair, be found to be entirely deprived of juice.