New or Improved Apparatus for Boring Holes and Turning Bodies of Angular or Polygonal Shape or Section.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1898-Accepted, 13th May, 1899
New or Improved Apparatus for Boring Holes and Turning Bodies of
Angular or Polygonal Shape or Section.
We, CARL HUETER and WILHELM PRÜGEL, both of 55, Kronprinzenstrasse,
Frankfort-on-the-Maine, in the German Empire, Merchant and Mechanic, respec-
tively, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement;-
-
This invention relates to apparatus for boring holes and turning bodies of
angular or polygonal shape or section, in which the spindle carrying the face
plate, chuck, or other device for holding the piece to be bored or turned is pro-
vided with collars or journals of angular or polygonal section which take into
and turn in bearings the openings in which are also of angular or polygonal
section, the said collars or journals having always one angle less than the bearing.
The accompanying sheet of drawings illustrates, by way of example, one
method of carrying the invention into effect.
Figure 1 shows an elevation of the headstock of a lathe with a spindle having
angular or polygonal collars or journals taking into and rotating in angular
or polygonal bearings.
Figure 2 is a front view of same.
Figure 3 shows a square bearing with a triangular collar or journal on the
spindle.
Figure 4 shows a hexagonal bearing with pentagonal collar or journal on
the spindle, and, Figure 5 shows a drill for boring quadrangular holes.
The apparatus for turning bodies and boring holes of angular or polygonal
section or shape consists of arrangements whereby either the object holding the
material to be acted upon, or the tool acting upon the material, is carried round
with a motion corresponding to the shape of the hole or the section of the body
or material to be turned, as the case may be. The first named arrangement,
which is employed mostly in turning material of angular or polygonal section,
is adapted to a lathe, for example, in such manner that the spindle a of the
headstock A of the lathe (on which spindle are fixed the driving speed pulleys b)
is provided with angular or polygonal collars or journals c which take into the
angular or polygonal bearings e in the standards d of the headstock. The
bearings e are fixed in place by means of grooves and set screws f. The collars
or journals c on the spindle a are formed of plates of three or more sides and
angles, and may be guided by anti-friction rollers 9 turning on pins placed
at the angles (see Figures 3 and 4) and taking into a recess or groove h. When
the collar or journal is triangular the groove h is of quadrilateral or square
shape, (see Figure 3) so that when the spindle a is rotated one angle or roller

page_text: C
of the collar or journal c is pressed by the groove h into one angle of the
bearing e; the other roller is forced, by the further turning of the spindle, to
slide along the side is of the groove of the bearing, until the roller has
reached the next angle of the bearing and so on. The pin of the third roller is
mounted in a slot o of the collar or journal in such a manner as to enable the
distances apart of the rollers to be varied to a certain extent. By the means
above described the shaft or spindle a connected with the collars or journals
(and which spindle carries the face plate, chuck or other device screwed on to
its nose p and holding the material to be acted upon) is forced to follow the
movements of the collars or journals e so that, as shown in Figure 3, triangular
collars or journals which rotate in quadrangular recesses or are guided by rect-
angular grooves produce quadrilateral sections. The collars or journals e on
the spindle a have therefore always one angle or side less than the corresponding
recess or groove h of the bearing e; and it is therefore only necessary in order
to produce bodies of various angular or polygonal shapes to use bearings of corre-
sponding section, and to fix on the spindle the relative collars or journals with
one angle less in number than those of the bearings on the spindle. In working
upon small objects the roller guide may be dispensed with, and the collars or
journals be caused to rotate direct in the recess of the bearing, as by reason
of the small dimensions and the speed of rotation the small clearance or play
of the parts one in the other is hardly appreciable. The turning tool for turning
pieces of material, or the drill for boring holes, is either fixed in the slide-
rest of the lathe, and the piece to be turned or bored in a chuck or the like fixed
on the spindle ja, or vice versa, and the drill has point or end of polygonal
section. The drill is of a section having one angle less in number than those
of the corresponding bearing e, and is furnished at its end with suitable cutting
edges.
By the above described apparatus a very great saving of time is effected, as
the drifting of holes and the spoiling and blunting of drifts is avoided; and
the filing of angular or polygonal bodies is obviated, as for example in the
manufacture of screw-nuts or other like parts of machines, which can be shaped
direct by means of this apparatus, without any filing whatever.
It will be understood that it is not absolutely necessary to employ the loose
rollers, but for the purpose of securing evenness of movement their use is advis-
able. The slotted holes in which they are mounted only allow a limited move-
ment in a radial direction, but their movement in a lateral direction is resisted.
This capacity of exerting resistance in a lateral direction is of value and it is
for this reason that the loose collars are employed. These collars are not
absolutely necessary but for the purpose of assuring a perfect equilibrium and
the even distribution of the turning moment their employment is desirable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is;-
-
First. New or improved apparatus for boring angular or polygonal holes,
and turning angular or polygonal bodies, the novel feature of which is that a
spindle a holding the tool, or the piece of work to be operated upon, as the
case may be, by means of a chuck or the like, is provided with angular or poly-
gonal collars or journals c which turn in bearings e of angular or polygonal
shape having one more angle in their free openings than the said collars or
journals, for the purpose of guiding the tool, or the piece of work as the case
may be, so that it shall rotate in a manner corresponding to the shape of the
hole to be bored, or of the section of the piece of material to be turned, sub-
stantially as described.
Second. In apparatus of the kind herein described for boring angular or poly-
gonal holes, and turning angular or polygonal bodies, the employment of rollers g
turning on studs mounted at the angles of the collars or journals c, for the

page_text: purpose of reducing the friction of the parts against one another, substantially
as described.
D1
DAL
1
T
1000
C. HUETER,
W. PRÜGEL.
Per W. H. Beck,
Agent, 115, Cannon Street, London, E.C.