IM- PROVEMENTS IN PEDAL HARMONIUMS OR ORGANS, SUCH INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE AS A MUSIC STOOL
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic William Rider and Henry Hutchence,
both of Leeds, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN PEDAL HARMONIUMS OR ORGANS, SUCH INVENTION BEING ALSO
APPLICABLE AS A MUSIC STOOL."
Sealed the 27th July 1875, and dated the 2nd February 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic William Rider
and Henry Hutchence at. the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd February 1875.
We, FREDERIC WILLIAM RIDER and HENRY HUTCHENCE, both of
Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PEDAL HARMONIUMS OR ORGANS, SUCH
INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE AS A MUSIC STOOL," to be as follows:-
:-
-
These improvements will be found specially adapted for the pedal
practice of pupils learning to play the organ, and is so arranged that it

page_text: may be applied to either a pianoforte, finger harmonium, or organ
without pedals, and is so constructed that it can be removed from one
instrument to another or placed in any convenient position out of the
way when not required, all as hereafter described.
We make the case or framework of the harmonium or organ in such
a manner as to form the seat for the performer.
Firstly. The feeders or bellows " are placed within the framework or
casing; the "reeds and pallets" are also placed in any convenient
positions within the framework or casing. Suitable openings are also
provided within the framework or casing for the convenience of tuning
or repairs. The openings may be kept closed by suitable doors or
coverings when required.
Second. We, by preference, employ, weights instead of springs for
giving the required pressure to the "vibrators" or "reeds," whereby in
all stages of the operation of the "feeders" or "bellows" is given an
even or equal pressure of wind to the "vibrators or reeds," consequently
an evenness of sound is retained and the "vibrators or reeds" are not
so liable to break as in ordinary cases where the pressure is increased
by the use of springs.
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"
Thirdly. The "pallets or levers are placed at the under side of the
pan or sound board," and are so fixed as to meet the "heel" of each
pedal," where the action is transmitted through a stationary "sticker'
in the end of each lever or "pedal." From "pedals" of ordinary
construction motion has hitherto been transmitted from the toc instead
of the heel.
The "bellows or feeders" are worked by hand, foot, or other con-
venient means.
We also provide one or more toc pedals for the purpose of throwing
off any
stop" or set of reeds, thereby increasing or diminishing the
power of the instrument at pleasure..
.
3

page_text: R
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederic William Rider and Henry. Hutchence
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FREDERIC
WILLIAM RIDER and HENRY HUTCHENCE, both of Leeds, in the County
of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Frederic William Rider and
Henry Hutchence, Her special licence that we, the said Frederic
William Rider and Henry Hutchence, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Frederic William Rider
and Henry Hutchence, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exércise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN PEDAL HARMONIUMS OR
ORGANS, SUCH INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE AS A MUSIC STOOL," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Frederic William
Rider and Henry Hutchence, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the 'Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Frederic William Rider and
Henry Hutchence, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon, that is to say :-
These improvements will be found specially adanted for the nedal

page_text: practice of pupils learning to play the organ, and is so arranged that it
may be applied to either a pianoforte, finger harmonium, or organ
without pedals, and is so constructed that it can be removed from one
instrument to another or placed in any convenient position out of the
way when not required, all as herein-after described.
We make the case or framework of the harmonium or organ in such
a manner as to form the scat for the performer.
5
Firstly. The "feeders or bellows" are placed within the framework
or casing; the "reeds and pallets," are also placed in any convenient
position within the framework or casing. Suitable openings are also. ]
provided within the framework or casing for the convenience of tuning
or repairs. The openings may be kept closed by suitable doors or
coverings, when required.
Second. We, by preference, employ weights instead of springs for
giving the required pressure to the "vibrators" or "reeds," whereby
in all stages of the operation of the "feeders or "bellows" is given
an even or equal pressure of wind to the vibrators" or "reeds," con-
sequently an evenness of sound is retained, and the vibrators or
"reeds" are not so liable to break as in ordinary cases where the pressure
is increased by the use of springs.
66
"
Thirdly. The "pallets" or "levers" are placed at the under side of
the "pan" or "sound board," and are so fixed as to meet the "heel"
of each "pedal," where the action is transmitted through a stationary
"sticker" in the end of each "lever" 66
or pedal." From "pedals" of
ordinary construction motion has hitherto been transmitted from the
toe instead of the heel.

page_text: Figures 1 and 2 represent longitudinal elevations of our Invention
with doors or covers removed from the back; Figure 3, a section
through A, B, Figure 1; Figure 4, a section through C, D, Figure 2;
and Figure 5, a plan of pedal movement.
Firstly. a is the framework in which are fixed the "bellows" or
"feeders" b; c is the receiver from the "bellows" or " feeders" b.
Within the framework or casing a the "reeds "d are placed, and also
the " pallets" c. We make the sides of the framework casing or
covering loose from the framework or casing a in order that the works
in the interior may be got to for tuning or repairs. The air is passed
from the tank or receiver c to the "vibrators or "reeds" & through the
passages in the direction of arrows as shown.
"
"
Secondly. We, by preference, employ the weights g instead of springs
for giving the pressure to the "vibrators or "reeds" d, whereby in
all stages of the operation of the "feeders" or bellows" b and
receiver c is given an equal or even pressure to the "vibrators" or
" reeds
d, consequently an evenness of sound is retained, and the
" vibrators" or "reeds" d are not so liable to break as in ordinary cases
where the pressure is increased by springs.
"
Thirdly. Underneath the "
"toe" of which "pedals"
"or
'pan "sound board" are placed the
"pallets" e and "levers" i, and are so connected by means of the
"sticker" to the heel of each "pedal" (the front part or
- are of a similar construction to those
ordinarily used) that the action of the "pedal" k¹ can be transmitted
to the "pallets" e, thereby opening or closing the holes in the "
"pan"
or sound board" h, thus arresting or admitting of the action of any of
the "vibrators" or "reeds" d.
The air or wind is let into the. "reed" or "vibrator" chamber
through the openings ", which openings are provided with covers m';
these may be raised at pleasure for the admission of air or wind into the
"reed" or vibrator" chamber or box 1, motion being transmitted
thereto through the "stickers" J¹ from any convenient "pedals."
"
The "reed or vibrator" chamber or box is for the admission of
wind or air previous to its acting upon the "reeds" or "-vibrators" d,
which is so arranged that it can be readily taken out when required..

page_text: We also make the top m hinged, as shewn at n, so that it can be
readily thrown back for the removal of the "reed" or " vibrator"
chamber; this top m also forms the seat for the performer.
'
The "bellows" or "feeders "b6 and receiver c may be provided with
valves of the ordinary construction.
The "bellows" or "feeders" may also be placed horizontally (instead
of vertically, as shown at Figures 1 and 3) and above the receiver c
"reed" or "vibrator" chamber and "sound board"
'pan" h, as
shown at Figures 2 and 4; also other modifications in the arrangement
and position of the various parts may be applied.
or "
The required motion is given to the bellows or "feeders" 6 through
the rods or levers, as shown, by an attendant or by other equivalent
motive power.
It will be observed that the "stickers" j, in Figure 2, are made much
shorter than those shewn at Figure 1. The direction of wind or air ways
or passages in Figure 2 are shewn by arrows.
When the bellows" or "feeders" are required for supplying the
air to an organ or harmonium in connection with the pedal organ or
harmonium, it can be taken in the direction of arrows 2, or the air may
be supplied to the "reeds' or vibrators d from the "bellows" or
"feeders" of an organ or harmonium through the passages in direction
of arrows 3.
.
"
"
"
We also provide one or more "toe" pedals o for the purpose of
throwing off any "stop" or set of "reeds" or "vibrators," thereby
increasing or diminishing the power of the instrument at pleasure.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and shown
by Drawings how the same may be carried into practice, we would have
it understood that we do not limit ourselves to the exact limits, details,
or configuration of the various parts we have explained and shewn,
but what we do claim and desire to be secured to us by Letters 3
Patent is,―
Firstly. The arrangement, construction, and application of "pedals"
provided with "heel "piece for transmitting motion to the "pallets" e,
substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Secondly. The application of weights g to the receiver c, substantially 3

page_text: Thirdly. The arrangement, construction, application, and combination
of the various parts with modifications thereof forming the pedal organ
or harmonium, substantially as herein set forth.
Fourthly. The arrangement and construction of the parts forming the
seat in combination with the pedal organ or harmonium, substantially as
herein set forth.
·
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Hutchence, for myself and
on behalf of the said Frederic William Rider, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Thirtieth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
HENRY HUTCHENCE. (L.s.)