Improvements in or connected with Apparatus for Cooling Air.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th June, 1897
Improvements in or connected with Apparatus for Cooling Air.
I, FREDERICK HENRY ADDIS, of Mhow, Central India, British India, District
Railway Locomotive Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
The object of this invention, is to construct apparatus whereby air supplied to
rooms, chambers, vehicles and other places, may be effectively cooled without
increasing its humidity.
It is a well known principle, that heat is generated by the compression of air,
and cold by its subsequent expansion.
According to my invention, I employ a reservoir having a large surface which is
composed of a tubular coil wound in helical or spiral form with the end of the
tube closed, and compressed air at atmospheric or at a conveniently lower tem-
perature is supplied to the coil through its inlet. The coil is constructed of
copper or of other good heat conducting material, and a minute hole is made at
or near the closed end. A casing is provided around the coil and is fitted with a
deflecting plate or plates, in such a manner, that the compressed air escaping
through the minute orifice, is deflected in close contact over the whole of the
coil, before it is allowed to escape through an aperture in the casing, to the
chamber or other place to be cooled.
The compressed air in expanding on its escape through the hole in the coil is
reduced in temperature, and in its contact with the surface of the reservoir during
its passage to the aperture in the casing, it assists in cooling the still compressed
air in the coil, thereby increasing the cold of the following air.
The apparatus above described is applicable for supplying cold air to all rooms,
chambers, vehicles and other places required to be cooled; and when it is em-
ployed for railway carriages, the compressed air may be obtained from the supply
for the pneumatic brakes, thus obviating the necessity of employing separate
pumps for the compression of the air; or reservoirs of compressed air may be
used if desired.
-
1307
Improvements in or connected with Apparatus for Cooling Air.
I, FREDERICK HENRY ADDIS, af Mhow, Central India, British India, District
Railway Locomotive Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
[Price 8d.]

page_text: tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
It is a well known principle, that heat is generated by the compression of air,
and cold by its subsequent expansion. The object of this invention is to con-
struct apparatus whereby air supplied to rooms, chambers, vehicles and other
places, may be effectively cooled on the above principle, without increasing its
humidity.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed to
describe same with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which similar
letters refer to like parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus constructed according to my
invention, and Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the same. Figures 3 and 4 are
similar views of a slightly modified form of the said apparatus.
According to my invention I employ a reservoir having a large surface, which
reservoir is composed of a tubular coil A as seen at Figure 1, with the alternate
coils thrown out of truth. The end of the coil A is closed and in the said closed
end a minute hole B is formed, communication to which is regulated by means of
a screw valve C. D is a wood or other casing enclosing the coil A having an
orifice G in same, and E is a deflecting plate which is held in position by means of
stays Fattached to the interior of the said casing D. H is a closed drum
round which the coil A is wound, a space between it and the coil allowing
circulation.
The compressed air is fed to the coil A in the direction of the arrow, and
passing slowly through the said coil it escapes through the minute hole B, from
whence it passes outside the drum H in close contact with the exterior surface
of the coil A winding in and out amongst the coils and finally passing round
the deflecting plate E and out through the orifice G in the casing D. This
action has a regenerative effect, as the compressed air in expanding on its escape
through the hole B is reduced in temperature, and in its contact with the
exterior surface of the coil A during its passage to the aperture G, assists in
cooling the still compressed air in the coil A, thereby increasing the cold of the
following air.
The modified apparatus shewn in Figures 3 and 4 is constructed in practically
the same manner, the reservoir in this case however being composed of a flat
coil, instead of a coil of the form shewn at Figures 1 and 2, thus allowing the
said apparatus to be made of less depth, which may be convenient in some
cases.
The apparatus above described is applicable for supplying cold air to all rooms,
chambers, vehicles and other places required to be cooled; and when it is em-
ployed for railway carriages, the compressed air may be obtained from a pump
on the engine, or from an independent pump worked from an axle of the vehicle,
or from an independent motor and pump combined.
Although I have described my invention with reference to a single coil, my
regenerative result may be obtained from a series of coils or clusters of the
said coils.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The reservoir A having a minute. hole B in same, in combination with a
deflecting plate E, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. The combination of the reservoir A, minute hole B, valve C, casing D having
an orifice G in same, deflecting plate E, stays F, and drum H, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
3. The particular construction and arrangement of parts-forming the apparatus

page_text: for cooling air, substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of
the accompanying drawing."
4. The particular construction and arrangement of parts forming the apparatus
for cooling air, substantially as described with reference to Figures 3 and 4 of
the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 18th day of March A.D. 1898.
Dated this 18th day of March A.D. 1898.
BREWER & SUN.
Dated this 18th day of March A.D. 1898.
BREWER & SUN.
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicant.