IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF PAPER TO FILTERING FLUIDS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer & Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF PAPER TO FILTERING FLUIDS."-A communi-
cation from abroad by Messrs. Gustave Devillepoix, Chemist, and Joseph
François Bonnaterre, Civil Engineer, both of Paris, in the Empire of
France.
Sealed the 12th September 1860, and dated the 17th March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th March 1860.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer & Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF PAPER TO FILTERING FLUIDS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to the filtration of all kinds of oils or other liquids,
and consists in the use of unsized paper for filtering large quantities of fluids.
This process of filtering with paper has already been used on a very small
scale, but hitherto it has never been applied for filtering large quantities of oil
or other liquid, which we effect according to our Invention, and thus render.
this simple, cheap, and easy process of clarification applicable for the largest
operations.
The apparatus consists of a triangular prismatic capacity, either of wood or

page_text: metal, the inner surfaces of which are furnished with projecting ribs, on which
the lining of filtering paper rests. The oil or other fluid when filtered through
the paper runs in the channels formed by, the projections into a general
receptacle. The level of the liquid to be filtered contained in the reservoir is
maintained constantly at the same height by means of a suitable supply
apparatus.
A manufacture of endless or continuous paper is used for the filtration,
and the application of which to the purposes above described forms part of
this Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th September 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer &
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Clark, Her special licence that I, the said William Clark,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF PAPER TO FILTERING FLUIDS," a communication
from abroad by Messrs. Gustave Devillepoix, Chemist, & Joséph François
Bonnaterre, Engineer, both of Paris, in the Empire of France, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Clark, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clark, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
"}
This Invention relates to the application of filtering paper in the manu--
facture of any liquid matter, especially applicable to the filtration of oils. It
is well known that' oils in general are more valuable in commerce when clear,
limpid, and free from taste. To give them these qualities they are prepared-
as much as possible in a cold state, especially poppy oil, nevertheless this
precaution has not yet produced a superfine white oil for consumption. The
clarification if effected by the deposit of the foreign matters, is very slow, in fact,
deposits do not form until after a certain time, which is so much the longer-
according as the quantity of oil is smaller. To shorten the time required for
the clarification of oil and also to condense the deposits, it is necessary to heat
it, but this process has a tendency to render the oil rancid, which is an
unfavorable condition. The advantage of this new process of filtering consists
in obtaining a greater quantity of clear oil, that is to say, in the purification of
three to four per cent. more oil than by the ordinary process; it also renders
the oil of greater value, being preserved from the disturbing causes above
described. I am aware that this process of filtering with paper has been
employed on a very small scale in laboratories, but hitherto it has never been
applied for filtering large quantities of oil or other fluid which can be effected
according to this Invention, which renders this simple, cheap, and easy process
of clarification applicable for the largest operations.
This Invention consists, first, in the application of filtering paper for filtering
all kinds of liquids, and especially oils in large quantities; secondly, of an
apparatus described and shown for effecting this filtration. The apparatus
may be furnished with an overflow pipe, which would allow of a constant level
being maintained in the filtering reservoir.
In the application of this Invention a new adjunct is employed, applicable to
this system of filtering all kinds of oils consisting of continuous or endless
filtering paper. For the purposes of this Invention it is necessary to line the
interiors of the reservoirs of the apparatus with large continuous surfaces of a
single piece; for this purpose I make use of endless paper manufactured by
the ordinary processes, taking care to prepare the pulp according to the
purpose for which it is required.
I have represented in the annexed Drawings the filter according to this
Invention. Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section; Fig. 2 shows an end view of

page_text: the support of the filter; while Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the paper
filter. As seen in the Drawing this filter has the form of a prism a, one of
the edges 6 of which is sustained by a cast-iron frame c. A system of wooden
rods or hempen cords & form grooves in such way as to hold the paper e at
the required distance from the interior surface of the prism a, so as to
maintain as large a filtering surface as possible
The paper serving as a filter is folded at its extremities, and remains flat at
the two sides, the filtered liquid falls into a channel which conducts it into a
reservoir.
Having described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, filtering all kinds of
liquids, and especially oils, by means of endless filtering paper and apparatus
as herein-described and represented.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
W. CLARK. (L.S.)