Improvements in Pavement-curbs, Conduits, and Road Gutters.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Nov., 1887
Complete Specification Lert, 24th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 26th Oct., 1888
Improvements in Pavement-curbs, Conduits, and Road Gutters.
.:
I, BENJAMIN LEWIN MOSELY of 36 Robertson Street Hastings in the County of
Sussex, Surgeon Dentist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the formation of the curbs of pavements
and the gutters or conduits of roadways and pavements and roads, and it consists in
providing the curb with one or more passages through which telegraph and telephone
wires may pass or gas and water pipes or other conduits be laid.
1 may make the curb and the gutter in one piece, giving to the exterior of the
gutter such curve as may be desirable, and providing some of the gutter sections with
gratings for drainage. I now prefer however to make the curb and gutter separate
for renewal facilities in case of repair.
When the wires, or pipes, or conduits have to pass beneath the road bed I connect
the curb on the one side with that on the opposite side of the road by a tube somewhat
in the form of an inverted syphon, or in any convenient manner.
As it would be a long and expensive operation to form passages through an ordinary
granite curbstone I make my curb and gutter of any suitable composition or artificial
stone which I can mould to the exterior forms required having the desired passages
through them and in sections of such dimensions as may be found preferable for laying
in position.
By the use of my improved curbs and gutters the often recurrent destruction of
pavement and road bed for the laying and visiting of pipes, wires and conduits will be
obviated, and the use of dangerous overhead wires be no longer excusable, as it will
only be necessary to remove a section at intervals to lay a fresh pipe or wire, or to
inspect the condition of those previously laid; further, the cost of the composition of
which they are made and the moulding and pressing to shape of the sections will be
less than that of quarrying and tooling to shape the ordinary granite curbstone.
1000

page_text: Improvements in Pavement-curbs, Conduits, and Road Gutters.
I, BENJAMIN LEWIN MOSELY, of 36 Robertson Street, Hastings, in the County of
Sussex, Surgeon Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the formation of the curbs of pavements
and the gutters or conduits of roadways, pavements, and channel courses; whereby
provision is not only made for the above named purposes, but also for the passage of
telegraph, telephone and electric light or supply wires, or for gas, water, or other
service pipes.
In the case of pavement edgings or curbstones the curb and the gutter may be
combined in one piece, or made up of two or more pieces, according to size, amount
of traffic, or capacity beneath, and other controlling circumstances. When made of
one piece, certain sections are arranged at intervals to admit of being lifted out of
place, so that access may be had to the pipes or wires placed beneath; or when
built up of two or more pieces, the upper, or more accessible slabs are removeable for
the insertion, inspection, alteration or repair of the pipes and wires within; or the
alteration or replacing of any portion of the structure itself.
At street and gateway openings in the line of pavement the gutters may be con-
tinued in their course across the opening, or returned upon its line, (at the required
angle) beside or conterminous with the curb. At such points, at gulley or other
sewer inlets, and where gas lamps, pillar boxes, hydrants, street orderly bins, or the
like are erected, special blocks or openings are made to suit the requirements indicated.
In prolonging the conduits for pipes and wires from one side of a street or another,
the passage way is made to assume the form of an inverted siphon or a practically
horizontal passage extending across and beneath the roadway, with two communicating
vertical limbs at the extremities. These vertical limbs, or branches therefrom, are
adapted to receive and distribute in any required direction the said pipes and wires
from and to the conduits beneath the curbs already mentioned; and in many cases
specially formed blocks will be required at the junctions with the said curbs and at the
distributing points. Furthermore, provision is made by transverse orifices leading
into the longitudinal conduits beneath the curbs or gutters whereby service connec-
tions can be made from the lines of pipes and wires beneath the pavement or roadway
to contiguous buildings.
The expense of cutting and forming the above described passage ways in granite,
or any other hard natural stone capable of withstanding the wear and strain of
ordinary street traffic, is so great as to prohibit the use of such material.
I therefore

page_text: employ any stone like composition having the required properties for this purpose,
which is capable of being moulded to desired shapes. A suitable composition for this
purpose is an artificial stone of the kind described in the specification to Letters Patent
granted to Archibald Campbell Ponton bearing date 17 October 1885, and No. 12,383 ;
or an artificial granite or other stone manufactured according to the method described in
the application for Letters Patent dated April 18th 1888 and No. 5808 standing in
the names of the above named A. C. Ponton, Crompton Chambers and myself. It
will be understood however that I may use other compositions than those alluded to
above, but consider the above named suitable for my present purpose.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a general plan of a portion of a roadway
having subordinate streets entering thereon. The curbstone is indicated by a, the
gutter by b, and the sewer openings or gulleys by c. The subterranean passages for
the pipes and wires are indicated by dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a partial section of
Fig. 1. On the right hand of the figures, or A side, the curbstone and gutter is
shown as one solid block, while on the B side the same is built up of two or more
pieces. Special stones indicated by a¹ and respectively are shown at the angles
of the street corners C and D, and spcially formed stones are made to receive the
gulleys c. The line of gutter is carried around the street corners at C along side of
the curb, whilst at D the same is done but combined with an extended channel
course to suit the drainage grade of the street. Underground passage ways
beneath the streets C and D) are indicated by the dotted lines d, and more plainly in
the section in Fig. 2. In this latter figure the passage way d, beneath a roadway,
is shown as a horizontal conduit having two short vertical arms at the ends of equal
length. Where one side of the roadway is higher than the other the conduit may be
either horizontal or inclined at a convenient angle, in either case assuming the form
of an inverted siphon. Service pipes and wires e, e are led from the mains on the
A side beneath the pavement to the contiguous houses, and on the B side the connec-
tion between the gully c and the sewer E is indicated. Staples may be let into the
stones for lifting certain sections as indicated at f, f.
Fig. 3 is a section through a combined curbstone and gutter moulded in one solid
block with longitudinal passages or channels in which pipes and wires may be laid.
The length of the blocks are made of a convenient length for handling, and a roughened
or indented surface, a² may be moulded on the top of the curb portion to prevent
slipping. Transverse orifices, connecting the longitudinal passages are provided at
intervals (indicated by dotted lines g) through which service connections are made to
adjoining buildings, as shown in Fig. 2. The block is laid upon concrete.
Fig. 4 is also a transverse section through a curbstone a, and gutter stone / built
up of three pieces, the upper stone a of the curb being easily removed to give access
to the channels F, F, therein. Distance blocks or projections a³ are shown to retain
the upper stone a in position, and corresponding bridge pieces may be made in the
lower blocks to assist in withstanding the side strain caused by traffic contact. Fig. 5
is a section, and Fig. 6 a plan of a similar compound curb and gutter, but formed
with upper and lower chambers or divisions in the curb. These divisions are made
by bridge pieces or braces a moulded in at intervals or by slabs a resting upon
longitudinal projections. The slabs are not laid closely together, but with a sufficient
space between to admit of lifting them out freely or to permit access to pipes or wires
laid in the lower chamber. In many cases it is desirable to keep electric light or
telegraph lines as far apart as possible from telephone lines, (or even to keep the two
latter apart), to reduce induction, and the several passages offer advantages in this
respect.
Fig. 7 is likewise a transverse section through a compound curb and gutter built
up of three pieces. This is a section along the line X- - X of the plan Fig. 8. In
these figures the staples for lifting special sections are shown, and the transverse
service orifices g, indicated by dotted lines. One longitudinal passage F is provided
in the curb a, and this is well adapted for the reception of telegraph lines and their
inspection. It will be evident that either a curb piece or a gutter piece may be used
without the other, where it is so desired.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. A curbstone and gutter composed of an artificial stone and having one or more
longitudinal passages beneath the same capable of being used as a receptacle or
receptacles for pipes or wires; substantially as described.
2. A curbstone or gutter for roadways or pavements comprising longitudinal
sections built up of two or more pieces of artificial stone fitting together and so
formed or arranged as to leave spaces within or beneath for the reception of pipes or
wires; substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. A moulded artificial stone curb comprising a base piece and a covering piece
with one or more longitudinal spaces within or beneath the same, and having at
intervals transverse orifices communicating with said longitudinal spaces; substantially
as described.
4. A moulded artificial stone gutter formed in longitudinal sections and having
beneath the same one or more longitudinal passages adapted for the reception of pipes
or wires; substantially as described.
5. A moulded artificial stone curb having two or more horizontal or vertical
chambers within or beneath the same, and communicating orifices and supports ;
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
6. The several forms and arrangements shown by the drawings Figs. 1 to 8
inclusive; substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1888
Dated this 23rd day of August 1XXX
BENJAMIN LEWIN MOSELY,
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London,
Agents.