Improvements in the Lubrication of Internal Combustion Engines and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Lubrication of Internal Combustion Engines
and the like.
I, ARTHUR FREDERICK EVANS, of 11, Brunswick Walk, Cambridge, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the lubrication of parts of internal
combustion engines and the like, and refers especially to the lubrication of such
parts of the engine as are inaccessible while the engine is running, such for
instance as the cylinder, piston, crankpin, internal valves, induction valves
igniter and so on. The main object of the invention is to provide a ready means
for such lubrication, in such a way that a complete and efficient distribution
of clean oil is always supplied to the several parts of the engine required.
In order to carry out this invention I provide an oil chamber fixed in a
convenient position on the cylinder wall and screwed into a channel or tube
leading to the inside face or bore of the cylinder. The piston is provided with
one or more grooves on its surface concentric with its circumference. A hole
is bored half way through the length of the gudgeon pin at the piston end
of the connect-rod, which hole terminates with a hole bored radially therefrom.
A hole is also bored along the centre of the connecting rod and throughout its
length, terminating at the crank pin.
The oil from the oil supply cup or chamber enters the cylinder through the
channel or tube provided aforesaid, and therefrom enters the groove or grooves
provided round the piston, and lubricates the piston and cylinder. It also finds
its way along the hole bored concentric with and half way along the gudgeon
pin, and also through the hole bored radially meeting this said hole along the
pin and in time communicates with the hole bored concentrically through the
whole length of the connecting rod, and by this means lubricates the crank pin,
and escapes eventually into the crank chamber, whence if required it can be
drained away by suitable drain pipes and cocks. The oil in the course of its
progress through the connecting rod and crank pin and other parts of the engine
herein before mentioned, also splashes on to other parts of the engine, such as the
igniter, induction valves, and the like, so that all the internal parts are by
this improved method, kept constantly and efficiently lubricated while the
engine is running.
In order that this invention may be readily understood, reference is made
to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 represents a sectional elevation
of a single cylinder internal combustion engine, (the illustrations used for the
purposes of tuis description of the invention being that of an engine adapted for
use in propelling boats) Fig. 2 represents a cross section of the same, and
Fig. 3 a plan of the said engine.
In these several views A represents the cylinder, B the lubricator or oil
up, C the channel or tube conveying the oil to the inside walls of the cylinder,
O is the piston having grooved channels E, F is the connecting rod head, G

page_text: gudgeon, H the connecting rod, J the crank pin. When the engine is running,
the reciprocating motion of the piston D takes the oil flowing through the
channel C and distributes it by means of the grooves E around the cylinder
wall and keeps the piston and cylinder efficiently lubricated. The oil also finds
its way along the small hole K in the connecting rod gudgeon G and exudes
through the radial hole L thus oiling the gudgeon and connecting rod head,
furthermore it travels down the hole or channel L' provided along the centre
of the connecting rod and by this means lubricates the crank pin J the oil
eventually lodging in the crank chamber M, when it may be drawn off by
means of the drain pipe N and cock O. In addition to lubricating the several
parts herein before mentioned, the rapid motion of the piston, connecting rod
and crank causes the oil to splash about in various directions, and thus all the
internal parts of the engine and cylinder are kept well lubricated, especially
the igniter P and the induction valves Q.
As hereinbefore mentioned, for the purpose of illustrating this invention,
the illustrations and description refer more especially to
internal combustion engine, but the invention is equally applicable to double
a single cylinder
or multiple cylinder engines and the like, requiring internal lubrication.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In internal combustion engines and the like, the provision of means for
the lubrication of the internal parts of said engines, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth and described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
2. The application of this invention to any form or kind of internal com-
bustion reciprocating engine having the crank enclosed, and requiring to be
lubricated in the manner indicated in the aforementioned description sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein set forth and described and illus-
trated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 29th day of November 1899.
REGINALD W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent,
56, Ludgate Hill, London, E.C.,