Improvements in Shears, Scissors, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 8th July, 1892-Accepted, 13th Aug., 1392|
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shears, Scissors, and the like.
I, WALTHER FISCHER of Solingen, in the Province of the Rhine, Kingdom of
Prussia, German Empire, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a novel device for keeping the blades of shears and
similar instruments in perfect contact with each other by means of a spring, and
consists in suitable means for pressing the blades together with a gradually
increasing force as the shears are brought from the full open into the closed
position.
The object of my improvements is to obviate a defect found in all the existing
shears, and which arises in consequence of the blades being pressed one against
the other with an unvariable force, whereas the effort required for surmounting the
resistance of the material being cut increases gradually as the shears are closed,
owing to the increase of the distance from the place where the cut is proceeding to
the pivot of the shears. This defect is particularly troublesome when cutting thick
fabrics, such as silk or wad; the blades separate very easily, even when springs.
are employed for pressing the same together, and it is almost impossible to cut
such fabrics neatly.
My invention completely overcomes these defects. In order to disclose my
invention more fully, I will proceed to describe the same specifically by the aid of
the accompanying drawings, in which like letters refer to like parts throughout the
several views, and in which
Fig. 1 is a plane view of my improved shears in the opened position;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the middle part of the same;
Fig. 3 is a similar view of the same in the closed state, and
Fig. 4 à corresponding side elevation.
To the lower blade a there is screwed a spring b, which fits with an eye over the
end of the pin c, being the pivot round which the blades may turn. The spring b
is provided with an elongation d. The upper blade e is furnished with an inclined
offset flying in the path of the elongation d and preferably formed with a level
surface g at its highest point.
The operation of the device is the following: When the blades are in the open,
divergent position (Figs. 1 and 2), the spring blies with its end d directly on the
upper face of the blade e. Now when closing the blades, the elongation d of the
spring b will glide upon the inclined surface, and thus the tension of the spring
will increase gradually. It will be obvious, therefore, that by giving the incline f
the requisite shape, the force pressing the blades together at the place of the cut
will be a constant one; thus it will be seen that the fabric will be cut easily and
uniformly from one end of the cut to the other. When the blades are completely
closed, the elongation d of the spring rests on the level surface g of the inclined
offset f. The tension of the spring b d is therefore greatest when the blades are in
their closed position, that is to say, at the end of the cut.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
The hereinbefore described device for pressing the blades of shears, scissors and
similar instruments against each other with an increasing pressure during the
closing movement, consisting in the combination, with the under blade a and the
spring 6 screwed to the same, and having an elongation d beyond the pin c, of

page_text: the upper blade e, having an inclined offset ƒg in the path of the elongation d, for
the purpose set forth.
Dated this 8th day of July 1892.
WALTHER FISCHER,
By Geo. H. Rayner,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.