Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 21st Sept., 1895
I, DAVID RICHARDSON DOWNIE of 7 Tyne Terrace Tynemouth in the County
of Northumberland, Ship Captain, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to anchors of the stockless kind and the object of my
improvements is to provide means for preventing the liability of the anchor slipping
when dragged, as is frequently the case with existing constructions, and to ensure
its not only gripping the bottom, but also firmly holding thereto.
To this end, in addition to and in combination with the two side arms or flukes
of the ordinary head, I arrange, one at either side of the shank and centred in
recesses in the head so as to swing freely on their pivot, a pair of supplementary
T-shaped trip levers, the motion of which is controlled by suitable stops and I form
the various parts as hereinafter referred to.
In the accompanying drawings to which I will now refer in explanation of my
improvements, Figure 1 is a plan and Figures 2 and 3 side elevations showing
different positions of the parts.
Like letters of reference designate like parts in all the figures.
C is the usual head with side arms c c. It is pivoted to the stockless shank S by
the through bolt B; A A are the two supplementary T-shaped trip levers arranged
in recesses in the head at each side of the shank S and pivoted upon the same pin B,
the ends of the crosshead D and the member d are formed as shown. E E are
projections on the head C formed at each side of it.
When the anchor is lying at the sea bottom as shown in Figure 2 it rests in a
slightly inclined position being supported by one end of the crossheads D D of the
trip levers A A and by the enlargement E on the crown.
On the anchor being dragged along the ground the ends d of the trip levers A
are caused to rise perpendicularly and in so doing they increase the inclination of
the arms c c and enable them to embed themselves more readily in the bottom.
Figure 3 shows the anchor in an intermediate position with the arms c c at their
maximum inclination and partially embedded and the lever ends d d perpendicular
and just beginning to enter the ground. Eventually d d become more or less
wholly embedded with the arms cc whereby additional holding power is gained
there being thus four "grips" viz., two ordinary arms c c and two supplementary
arms d d.
As will be understood the action of the arms d d is to primarily raise the head of
the anchor thereby increasing the angle of inclination of the arms cc for the
purpose before mentioned and after effecting that object they enter the ground
with the ordinary arms being assisted in that direction by the weight of the
anchor.
The projections E serve to prevent the head C assuming a nearly horizontal
position should the levers A through any cause be tilted over and held in the
position shown in dot-and-dash lines in Figure 2 when the anchor would tend
to slip over the ground when dragged which is the main disadvantage sought to be
overcome.
These projections also provide a firm support to the anchor when it is stowed
against the ship's bows and prevent it bumping thereat.

page_text: 1
The maximum movement of the head is determined by stops & on the boss thereof
-coming against the shank and also by the stops y in the crown coming in contact
with the tops of D. as shown in Fig. 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In an anchor the arrangement of a supplementary T-shaped .trip lever at
each side of the shank both recessed into the head and pivoted upon the same
centre pin as the ordinary head substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
set forth.
2. The construction and combination of the various parts forming my improved
anchor all arranged and adapted to operate substantially in the manner and for the
purposes described and illustrated.
101 1
A 100K
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3 St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.