Improvements in Ventilators or Extracting Cowls.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 189:-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators or Extracting Cowls.
I, JOHN DANIEL FRYER of top of Ship Street Brecon Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
The improvements which constitute the subject of my invention relate to
extracting cowls or ventilators, and are especially applicable to the improved cowls
or ventilators which form the subject of my previous Patent No. 11,117 (1889), for
Improved Extracting Cowl or Ventilator."
This, my present invention consists of a hollow base or shaft of desired shape
having formed in the side thereof openings with hoods over the same, and these
openings are so shaped that the outer atmosphere that may blow into them is
deflected in an upward direction inside this shaft and thus inducing an upward
current of air therein. Within this said base or shaft I place a second shaft in the
form of a truncated cone open at both ends, and secured to the outer casing or shaft
by arms. The diameter of the base of this said inner shaft is nearly of the full
internal diameter of the lower part of the external shaft or base, but the top of
the said inner shaft is somewhat less in diameter than the upcast pipe of which it
forms the continuation; and so it will be readily seen that a sectionally V shaped
space occurs between the outer and inner shafts.
The shafts are surmounted by a revolving head which rotates through the agency
of a spindle fitted with ball bearings, as described in the Specification of my above
quoted previous Patent, and the sides of this head or revolving part are open
and shaped on plan as curved outwardly so that the opening is practically side-
ways, and at top and bottom, and not in front; the openings are about eight in
number, and for additional strength a stout wire passes round the projecting pieces
forming these openings both at top and bottom.
The top of this revolving head terminates in a truncated cone with a closed top,
the perimeter having affixed thereto, a suitable number of wings or blades curved
outwards for the purpose of catching the wind. One of these wings and the
portion of the conical head of the cowl carrying the same, are hinged to give easy
access to the bearings of the cowl for the purpose of oiling and cleansing the same
and are fitted with a suitable pin attachment or other like means of fastening the
same when closed. Each of the said wings is preferably strengthened by a piece
of stout wire passing from the outer edge of the wing to the surface of the conical
head of the cowl. There are no openings in this conical head beyond the hinged
one referred to which it is intended to keep closed when the cowl is in action.
In order that the nature of my said improvements may be the more fully under-
stood, I will now proceed to describe the several figures on the sheets of drawings
hereunto annexed, all of which figures are marked with the like letters of reference,
to the like parts throughout as far as possible.
Figure 1 is an elevation of my said improvements.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the same.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan through the dotted line X X of the elevation.
Figure 4 is a plan looking down on the top of the cowl.
In Figure 1A shews the base or shaft, the hooded coverings C indicate the
pierced openings in shaft hereinafter indicated by the letter B. D shews the out-
wardly curved openings in revolving cowl, and EE the wings or blades attached
to the conical top F of the cowl.
In Figure 2 G is the inner shaft in the form of a truncated cone, and in this

page_text: figure also is indicated the spindle with its ball bearings and supports, all as before
described in my prior Patent, herein before referred to.
In Figure 3 the several letters indicate the parts referred to by the corresponding
letters in Figures 1 and 2.
In Figure 4 H is the hinged wing, and J the portion of the conical top of cowl,
carrying the wing H, both being hinged for access to the interior of the cowl, and
securely fastened down by a pin and chain.
When my improved cowl is in action, the wind passes through the hooded
openings B in the outer shaft A, is deflected upwards and thrown out rapidly
through the curved openings D in the revolving cowl, by means of the rotary
motion of the head; this rapid transit of air forms a partial vacuum in the upper
portion of the cowl, and so extracting with some force the impure air passing up
through the inner shaft G, this extraction of air being facilitated and augmented
by reason of the constricted opening at the top of the shaft G. M, M, are stays
supporting the truncated cone. The rotary motion is imparted to the head of the
cowl, by the play of the wind on the wings or blades E E, and by the form of the
outwardly curved openings D. Air is prevented from entering the ventilator, by
any other openings than the hooded ones in the outer shaft.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) In an improved extracting cowl the truncated cone G in combination with
an outer shaft, provided with openings and surmounted by a revolving head, all as
herein before described in this Specification and illustrated by accompanying
drawings.
(2) In an improved extracting cowl the revolving head closed at top and sloping
perimeter provided with the curved wings E E fitted with wire stays all as before
described and illustrated by accompanying drawings.
.
(3) In the revolving head of an improved extracting cowl, the wing H and door J
hinged to cone shaped head and provided with pin fastening, all as described and
illustrated by accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of June 1891.
RAYNER & CASSELL,
37, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.