AN IMPROVEMENT IN RAISING AND SHEARING CLOTHS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Edward. Taylor, of Oatlands Mill, Leeds, in
the County of York, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN RAISING
AND SHEARING CLOTHS."
Sealed the 25th September 1857, and dated the 9th April 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Edward Taylor.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th April 1857.
I, GEORGE EDWARD TAYLOR, of Oatlands Mill, Leeds, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT.
IN RAISING AND SHEARING CLOTHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in raising and shearing
cloths, and the improvement consists in combining rotatory or endless shearing.
machinery with that peculiar description of raising machinery known as-
Kempe's patent raising machinery, wherein the cloths are raised on a bed
suitably arranged to admit of different widths of cloths being acted on at
different times and yet so as to protect the selvages in each case. By this
combination of machinery, cloths will be raised and the pile cut in the same
machine with greater advantage than by the machinery heretofore employed
for these purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Edward Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th October 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
EDWARD TAYLOR, of Oatlands Mill, Leeds, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said 1
George Edward Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said George Edward
Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Edward Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN RAISING AND SHEARING CLOTHS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said George Edward Taylor, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed.
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Edward Taylor, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in raising and shearing
cloths, and the improvement consists in combining rotatory or endless shearing
machinery with that peculiar description of raising machinery known as
Kempe's patent raising machinery, wherein the cloths are raised on a bed
suitably arranged to admit of different widths of cloths being acted on at
different times and yet so as to protect the selvages in each case. By this
combination of machinery, cloths will be raised and the pile cut in the same
machine with greater advantage than by the machinery heretofore employed
for these purposes.
Kempe's patent raising machinery, as heretofore constructed, consists of a

page_text: cylinder having card teeth upon it, and underneath this cylinder is a bed, over:
which the fabric to be raised passes, and it is by the action of the card teeth
on the fabric while it is supported by. the bed that the raising is effected. In
order that the selvages of the fabric may escape the raising action, the selvage
on one side is caused to pass at the end of the raising cylinder and beyond:
the cards thereon, whilst the selvage on the other side overhangs the end of
the table or bed, and is consequently not kept by it in contact with the raising
cylinder. As it is necessary that the machine should be able to raise fabrics
of different widths, the bed is arranged so that it can be slid endwise in a
direction parallel to the axis of the raising cylinder. The fabric is drawn:
through the machine by causing it, after it passes the raising cylinder, to lap
partly round a cylinder having card teeth on it, and which receives con-
tinuous rotary motion from suitable gearing, and to keep the fabric straight.
As it enters the machine it is caused to pass between parallel tightening
rollers.
In combining a shearing or cutting apparatus with this machine, I remove
these last-mentioned rollers, and I mount on the frame of the machine, at
or near the position from which the said rollers have been removed, a roller
or cylinder, having spiral shearing or cutting knives fixed on it, such as is'
used ordinarily in endless shearing or cutting machines, and this shearing
or cutting roller or cylinder is driven by a band or belt passing from a
pulley mounted on its axis to another pulley mounted on the axis of the
raising cylinder. Underneath the shearing or cutting roller or cylinder is
another slide bed, similar in all respects to the bed usually employed in
rotatory or endless shearing or cutting machinery, so that the selvages are
protected from the shearing or cutting as they are from the raising action.
As the fabric passes in at the front of the machine it passes over one bar of
wood and under another, by which a certain amount of tension is put on the
fabric. After passing the shearing or cutting roller or cylinder, the fabric
passes down under another bar, and then up again and over the bed of the
raising cylinder; lastly, the fabric is lapped partly round the toothed cylinder,
which draws it through the machine. The ends of the fabric when it is under
operation are connected together, so that it forms an endless web, and it is
run round and round through the machine, so that it is subjected many times
alternately to the shearing or cutting and raising operations. By subjecting
the fabric in this way while supported by a bed to the action of card teeth
and then shearing or cutting it, and repeating these operations in succession
many times, a very superior surface is obtained to the fabric. In order to
facilitate the shearing or cutting and raising of fabrics, of which the selvages

page_text: are longer than the rest of the fabric, in consequence of their having felted
less in the fulling operation, I place small conical rollers behind the shearing
or cutting and raising beds, and these rollers I place at such a distance apart
that they come in contact with the edges of the fabric as it passes under them,
and as the larger ends of the conical rollers are turned towards the sides of the
machine, the selvages or portions of the fabric which come nearest to the sides
of the machine are deflected downwards out of the direct course to the beds
more than the parts of the fabric which are nearer the centre of the machine,
and in this way the selvages, notwithstanding their greater length, are
stretched tight, and prevented from coming in contact with the raising teeth
or the cutters.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Edward Taylor, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
AR. CARPMAEL.
G. E. TAYLOR. (L.S.)