Improved Pavement or Covering for Roads, Pathways, Floors, Steps, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Pavement or Covering for Roads, Pathways, Floors, Steps,
and the like.
I, CARL BLUŃCK, of No. 8 Moislinger Allee, Lübeck, Germany, Master Mason
and Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved pavement or covering for roads, pathways,
floors, steps, and the like, which obviates the defect existing in asphalt pavement,
in that the latter does not afford sufficient foothold and consequently causes a
slipping of the horses shoes, and prevents them from maintaining a sure footing.
According to my invention I obviate such slipperiness by mixing with asphalt or
asphalt like material, or with a mixture of cement and sand, small fragments of
metal. The asphalt can be thus treated either when laid in continuous layers on
roads or floors, or when made either into paving slabs for roads, pathways, floors,
or steps or into blocks for kerbstones and the like.
The slipperiness of existing asphalt pavement for roads, footpaths, and the like
not only causes considerable danger to the traffic on account of the liability of the
horses to fall, but it also prevents the use of the paving on inclines, as the horses
cannot possibly exert the requisite hauling power on the smooth surface when going
up hill.
Also, the durability of such pavement is directly dependent upon its
hardness, which again causes the said excessive slipperiness.
All these evils are avoided by the present invention, according to which there is
first laid on the road, in the known manner, a foundation layer of cement concrete
of from 6 to 8 inches thick, consisting of a mixture of one part of cement and
10 to 12 parts of gravel.
After this dry mixture has been stamped down, there is spread upon it a mixture
of asphalt, or asphalt-like materials and small fragments of metal, such as filings,
turnings or shavings, or other similar small waste metal fragments. The thickness
of this layer is made from 1 ins. to 24 ins., and according to the requirements of
the traffic, the proportion of metal fragments is made greater or smaller, giving a
corresponding variation in the hardness of the surface, which, even under consider-
able wear, will maintain a perfectly uniform slight roughness, on which the traffic
can take place with perfect safety and absence of noise, the metal particles affording
a ready grip on the surface.
In a similar manner pathways and floors may be prepared either with continuous
pavement or with paving slabs, as also kerbstones and steps. For these applications
there is employed, by preference, in place of asphalt a mixture of cement sand and
metal fragments for which preferably a proportion of one part of cement, from one
to three parts of sand and from one to three parts of metal fragments are employed.
For imparting definite shapes to these blocks, moulds may be used, which can
either be afterwards removed, or they may be retained as part of the block, the
moulds being in that case made with a bottom and sides, but without a top.
For making floors, a mixture of sand and cement metal fragments in the
above named proportions, is preferably used, this being spread in a layer of
from 3 in. to 1 in. thickness upon a concrete foundation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
--
Paving and paving slabs or blocks for roads, pathways, floors, steps and the like,
consisting of the combination of small fragments of metal, such as turnings, filings.

page_text: shavings, and other waste metal fragments, with asphalt or with asphalt-like
materials or with a mixture of cement and sand, whereby a suré foothold is insured
and slipping prevented while great hardness and durability is obtained.
Dated this 26th day of January 1892.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.