Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Separating Solid Matters from Liquids.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1839
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 21st Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Separating Solid Matters
from Liquids.
1. FREDERICK HAHN DANCHELL. of 47 Tonbridge Road, Maidstone, in the
County of Kent, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in means or apparatus for use in effecting
the separation of solid matters from liquid matters, as required for various
industries.
In apparatus at present generally in use the process of separation or filtration of the
solid from liquid bodies is not continuous and much time is lost during the intervals
of pressure being completed and renewed on a fresh supply of material to be treated,
and other inconveniences are attendant thereon.
In my present apparatus I have designed to obviate such defects and where desired
to enable the process of separation of mixed liquid and solid bodies to be carried on
continuously.
According to my invention I arrange a series of plates in close proximity to each
other, the small interstices between adjacent plates forming the channels of escape for
the liquid particles but preventives to the passage of the more solid matters. The
interstices between the adjacent plates may be occupied, or partially so, or some of
them, by fibrous or textile material such as cotton, flax, hemp, wool or hair or other
suitable material, or mixtures of materials of animal, vegetable or mineral origin
(asbestos). The plates forming the walls of the filter apertures may be of iron, steel,
copper, brass, zinc or other suitable metal or alloy or combinations thereof, or of glass
or other suitable material, according to the matters to be treated.
The plates forming the filtering media are held together by parts capable of hearing
sufficient strain to impart rigidity and to form holding for tie bars or rods and nuts or
equivalent connections for preserving the relative positions of the assembled plates
and also as means of support for the axis of parts forming stirring or scraping and
traversing means to remove the material treated, keep clear the crevices between the
plates, and effect relative movements.
In order to make clear my invention I will describe one convenient form of my
improved apparatus, thus: A series of annular plates of metal arranged with flat faces
adjacent and outer surfaces or peripheries coincident so as when so held to form a
cylinder hollow and of internal diaineter equal throughout to the inner diameter of
the rings at the respective parts thereof. The ends of the cylinder are solid and are
sufficiently strong plates forming with tie bars and nuts retaining parts for the
cylinder and bearings for an axis or part axes supporting with capability of rotation
an inner cylinder which cylinder carries also scrapers or scraping carriers. This
inner cylinder I prefer to form at one end (that adjacent to the entrance end of the
filter cylinder for the straining matters) of smaller diameter than the diameter of the
same at the opposite end and therearound from end to end to wrap a scraping or
scraping and conveying blade or series of part-blades or projections arranged to
touch or approximately touch the inner surfaces of the intersticial cylinder. This
arrangement leaves a space between the outer diameter of the inner coned cylinder
and the filter surface of greater diameter and capacity at the entrance end where the
bulk of the liquified matter is the greater and of diminishing capacity towards the exit
end where the contained matter has become more and more solid and less bulky, the
two surfaces, also by their relative movements in company with the helical or like
conveyor pressing and conveying the condensed matter finally ejecting it at the end
of the cylinder by a suitable opening, deprived of the liquid portion which is collected

page_text: or allowed to run away, by suitable means according to its valuable or other
character.
The matters are also operated upon by pressure obtained in usual manner
applied within the cylinder.
and
The pressed, moisture deprived, matter expelled may be received onto a surface
capable of travelling under and supporting it, in its travel to means of division or
other treatment.
In the example of construction of improved apparatus given, the cylinder is
supposed to be arranged horizontally the slits or interstices to be at right angles
thereto and the travel to be circular and horizontal but this may be varied.
To protect the separate plates of metal forming the leaves of the filter book so to
speak they may be plated, tinned dipped or coated with preservative coating or other-
wise treated.
1000
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Separating Solid Matters
from Liquids.
I FREDERICK HAHN DANCHELL of 47 Tonbridge Road, Maidstone, in the County
of Kent, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in means or apparatus for use in effecting
the separation of solid matters from liquid matters, as required for various
industries.
In apparatus at present generally in use the process of separation or filtration of the
solid from the liquid bodies is not continuous and much time is lost during the
intervals of pressure being completed and renewed on a fresh supply of material to be
treated, and other inconveniences are attendant thereon.
In my present apparatus I have designed to obviate such defects and where desired
to enable the process of separation of mixed liquid and solid bodies to be carried on
continuously.
According to my invention I arrange a series of plates in close proximity to
each other, the small interstices between adjacent plates forming the channels of
escape for the liquid particles but preventives to the passage of the more solid
matters.
The interstices between the adjacent plates may be occupied, or partially so, or
some of them, by fibrous or textile material such as cotton, Hax, hemp, wool or hair
or other suitable material, or mixtures of materials of animal, vegetable or mineral
origin (asbestos).
The plates forming the walls of the filter apertures may be of iron, steel, copper,
brass, zine or other suitable metal or alloy or combinations thereof or of glass or other
suitable material, according to the matters to be treated.
The plates forming the filtering media are held together by parts capable of bearing
sufficient strain to impart rigidity and to form holding for tie bars or rods and nuts or
equivalent connections for preserving the relative positions of the assembled plates
and also as means of support for the axis of parts forming stirring or scraping and
traversing means to remove the material treated, keep clear the crevices between the
plates, and effect relative movements.
In order to make clear my invention I will describe one convenient form of my
improved apparatus, thus: A series of annular plates of metal arranged with flat faces
adjacent and outer surfaces or peripheries coincident so as when so held to form a
cylinder hollow and of internal diameter equal throughout to the inner diameter of

page_text: Fig. 2 is an external view of the apparatus shewn in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shews three of the rings in section separately.
Fig. 4 is a plain view of one of the same, and
Fig. 5 shews an external edge view of three of the rings separately.
a a a shew a series of plates in close proximity to each other, each ring consisting
of an annulus of metal flat in cross section and of shallow depth, interstices between
the adjacent plates forming the channels of escape for the liquid. The solid matters
are retained in the space formed between the walls of the inner barrel c and the pilo
of rings a. These solid matters are carried by the helical blades cl down the space b,
towards the outlets dd, to be conveyed away. The space is of diminishing area
from the uppermost part 1 to the lower portion 2, owing to the barrel c being formed
of increasing diameter from top to bottom. e is the upper end plate formed in two
parts, the upper one e³ and the inner annular plate et. The plate 3 is formed with
an opening to which is connected the tube e, through which the mixed liquid and
solid matters are introduced. is the lower end plate which is bolted to the upper
end plate e by the rods g and nuts g'. In this lower end plate is formed a recess f¹
into which the end c² of the axis of the barrel centers and receives its bearing. The
upper plate e has also formed to it a bearing e¹ for the other end of the axis of the
barrel, and on this axis is mounted a hevelled toothed wheel e², which is engaged by
the teeth of another bevelled toothed wheel h¹, mounted on the horizontal axis h, which
is capable of rotating in bearings formed in brackets mounted on the upper
end plate e.
On this axis h, is also mounted the fly wheel ho, and on the opposite end

page_text: is mounted the crank wheel 4, being the crank pin which is engaged and rotated
by means of any suitable connection from motive power. f is an annular groove
formed in the upper side of the plate ; to receive any liquid that may run down the
exterior of the plates a, and which may be conveyed away by any suitable conduit
as f³, indicated by dotted lines. The exit channels d, d, or one of them, as shewn,
may be formed with a resistance valve adapted to retain the solid matters, until the
pressure exerted thereon by the helical blades is sufficient to overcome the pressure of
the spring, and so as to consolidate the matters within the apparatus to enable the
liquids to be properly expressed. This valve d' may be formed in any suitable
but the drawings indicate a simple form, which consists of a flap-cover d²,
closing the opening to the pipe d, and held to its seat by means of the elastic
spring d³, connected thereto and to a stud d fixed in the side of the pipe d. dis an
adjusting screw for adjusting the spring pressure.
manner,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. The employment as filtering media of plates of metal of annular or equivalent
form, held superposed in series one upon the other, and kept closely approximated
together, the small interstices between the adjacent plates forming channels of escape
for the liquid, but preventives to the passage of more solid matters, substantially as
set forth.
2. In apparatus for separating solid matters from liquids, a series of plates held
superposed in close proximity to each other, the small interstices between the
adjacent plates forming channels of escape for the liquid, but preventives to the
passage of more solid matters, in combination with means, as the helical screwed
barrel e c', for conveying away the solid matters as they are separated, and means
for supporting, containing and driving the same, substantially as set forth.
3. The general arrangement and combination of parts forming apparatus for
separating solid matters from liquids by the aid of a series of plates held in close
proximity to each other the small interstices between the adjacent plates forming
channels of escape for liquid but preventives to the passage of the more solid matters
substantially as set forth.
Dated the 6th day of November 1889
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.