IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, AND COMBINATION OF MATERIALS OR SUBSTANCES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUEL, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES TO WHICH NATURAL COAL CAN BE APPLIED
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME OR BE
MADE KNOWN, I, WILLIAM PIDDING, of the Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, and bearing
date at Westminster, the Twenty-fourth March, in the fifteenth year of
Her reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-two, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Pidding, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said William
Pidding, my exors, admors, or assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Pidding, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, to wit, fourteen years from the date thereof, should and
might lawfully make, use, exercise, and vend, within Her most Excellent
Majesty's Kingdom of England, Her Dominion of Wales, the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark,
and Man, and also in all and every Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION,
AND COMBINATION OF MATERIALS OR SUBSTANCES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUEL,
AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES TO WHICH NATURAL COAL CAN BE APPLIED;" in which

page_text: said Royal Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said William
Pidding, shall cause a particular description of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed and carried into practical effect, to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of said herein in part recited Letters 5
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being had thereto, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Pidding, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention of
"Improvements in the Manufacture, Preparation, and Combination of Mate- 1
rials or Substances for the Production of Fuel, and other useful Purposes to
which Natural Coal can be applied," to be the same as described and repre-
-sented in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists,―
Firstly, of certain combinations of coal, usually small coal, the refuse at 1
the pit's mouth) coke, peat, charcoal, coal tar, anthracite, resins, cocoa and
other nut sheels, stalks of shrubs, bark, and the roots of vegetables dried,
of brewers' grains, and carbonizing the mass, adding, when desirable, salt-
petre. The mass being carbonized I compress or break the same by any
available means, but use a steam hammer in preference) into pieces of the 2
smallest possible size, and into such shapes as will occupy the least possible
space when packed. I also force into the pores of coke a strong solution of
saltpetre, dessicate it afterwards, and repeat the process until I have obtained
a highly inflammable or ignatable substance of use for fuel. Or I take wood
(sawdust), fibrous, or other of the above-named vegetable matters instead 2
of coke; or I use coal tar, or other resinous or bituminous or oleagenous
substances to fill up the pores of the coke, which I effect by compression
instead of the saltpetre aforesaid; but I sometimes use both processes, that is
to, say, mixing the solution of saltpetre with the other above stated substances,
and compressing the product into the pores or interstices of the coke. Or I 3
boil the vegetable substances named in coal tar, and, pouring the product into
moulds of any size or shape that may be required, I make a casing of any
size or shape of coke or of charcoal, heated as herein-before mentioned, or of
a combination of anthracite coal and pitch, such combination to be recar-
bonized; and in such case or mould I leave a hole, of any shape that may be 8
found most convenient for packing, through which I pour the combustible
materials (the composition of which I have herein described, I then fit in
- a plug, made of the same composition as the mould or case, securing the same
into its socket by any available and secure means, thus forming a block, brick,

page_text: I will now enumerate a few of the articles to the formation of which my
amalgamation herein-before described may be applied. And I do not confine
myself to the production of such articles only, but merely to shadow out the
purposes to which my Invention is applicable. I make articles of furniture,
picture or looking-glass frames, plates, dishes, and all articles usually made of
delph ware, Wedgewood ware, or porcelain; railway sleepers, panels or
other fittings of railway or other vehicles; brick tiles or other building
materials; ship fittings; the cases, keys, sounding boards, or other parts of
musical instruments; clock stands or frames; backs of books, &c. The whole
of such articles, or any others made from my combination aforesaid may be
polished, gilt (by Drayton's or other process, or electrotyped with any suitable
metal, or strengthened in the bends, elbows, or otherwise by metal wire or
plate, as is usually done with plaster or meerschaum and similar articles, or
coated or covered with porcelain, glass, or a mixture of both, with or without
any coloring matter, or otherwise ornamented or treated as taste or utility
will direct.
Having now described the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in the
Manufacture, Preparation, and Combination of Materials or Substances for the
Production of Fuel, and other useful Purposes to which Natural Coal can
be applied," I would remark, that I have not given any description of the
machinery or apparatus used in effecting the purposes of the said Invention,
because they may be effected by the machinery or apparatus at present in use
for the various purposes of crushing, boiling, pressing, and packing; nor do I
claim any of the materials or substances employed in the first and second parts
of my Invention when taken separately, but only when combined and treated
in the way and manner herein-before described; but as of my Invention,―
Firstly, I claim the various mode or modes of preparing, combining, and
treating certain substances herein-before described as of the first part of my
Invention, and the product or products thereof, such product or products
forming a new and useful species of fuel.
Secondly, I claim the sole use the combination, as herein-before described,
of certain substances with coke, producing by such combination a material or
substance applicable to many useful and ornamental purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Pidding, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
WILLIAM (L.s.) PIDDING.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of July,
in the year of our Lord 1852, the aforesaid William Pidding came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
Lord One