IMPROVED STEAM HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
. 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVED STEAM HEATING APPARATUS."-A
communication from abroad by Henry Bulkley, of Cleveland, State of
Ohio, United States of America.
Sealed the 13th February 1866, and dated the 1st September 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the,
1st September 1865.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED STEAM HEATING APPARATUS," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to heat the air admitted to dwelling houses,
green houses, and other buildings by means of an atmosphere of steam, which
will effectually prevent the air from being burned, and will remove all danger
of explosion or from fire, besides effecting an important economy in fuel. To
this end a number of metal air tubes of suitable length are arranged either
horizontally above or vertically around the fire chamber of a stove or furnace.
The ends of these tubes are secured in tube plates or their equivalent, and

page_text: they are so set that fresh air will enter at one end from a cold air chamber
and escape at the other into a hot air chamber, which chamber is formed
within an enclosing case of brick or metal. On the top of the fire chamber,
which is by preference made of metal, is placed a metal pan or dish, which is
kept supplied with water from an adjacent tank for the purpose of keeping up
an atmosphere of steam within the case of the stove or furnace; this steam
circulates round and about the tubes, and serves to convey thereto the heat
which it receives from contact with the fire chamber. The hot air chamber
communicates with the interior of the building to be warmed, and the cold
air chamber by preference with the external atmosphere.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Alfred.
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and-Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED STEAM HEATING APPARATUS," being a communication to me from
abroad by Henry Bulkley, of Cleveland, State of Ohio, United States of
America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention is to heat the air admitted to dwelling houses,
green houses, and other buildings by means of an atmosphere of steam, which
will effectually prevent the air from being burned, and will remove all danger
of explosion or from fire, besides effecting an important economy in fuel. The
principle of action of the improved apparatus may be described as the heating
of the steam after it is generated, and using it as a means of conveying the
heat to pipes filled with pure air. To attain this end a number of metal air
tubes of suitable length are arranged either horizontally above or vertically
around the fire chamber of a stove or furnace. The ends of these tubes are
secured in tube plates or their equivalent, and they are so set that fresh air
will enter at one end from a cold air chamber, and escape at the other into a
hot air chamber, which chamber is formed within an enclosing case of brick
or metal. On the top of the fire chamber, which is by preference made of
metal, is placed a metal pan or dish, which is kept supplied with water from
an adjacent tank for the purpose of keeping up an atmosphere of steam within
the case of the stove or furnace; this steam circulates round and about the
tubes, and serves to convey thereto the heat which it receives from contact
with the fire chamber. The hot air chamber communicates with the interior
of the building to be warmed, and the cold air chamber by preference with
the external atmosphere.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn the Invention as applied to a
furnace suitable for a green house, and to a stove suitable for domestic pur-

page_text: water in the at
'pan
level. The steam chamber is formed by means
a proper
of the tube plates G and H and a top plate I. The plate G extends from the
floor of the furnace to near the top of the case, and forms a steam-tight joint
with the back of the casing B. The plates H are formed to fit the upper
front angles of the casing B, and shut those portions off from the steam
chamber. The top plate I connects at its edges with the casing B, except at
the corners where the plates H are situate, and all around its edges it forms
with the parts with which it is brought into connection a steam-tight junction.
From 'the tube plates G to the tube plates H, on either side of the furnace,
extend parallel rows of tubes K, which are open at their extremities, and are
intended to receive fresh air drawn from the atmosphere through holes è in
the casing B, or from the cold air chamber L, and conduct it to the hot air
chamber M formed by the junction of the tube plates H and top plate I with
the casing B. In this chamber openings d, d, are made for conveying off the
heated air to the house or apartment to be heated, as shewn by the arrows in
Fig. 3. Let us now suppose that a fire is lighted in the fire chamber, and
that water in the pan D is evaporated sufficient to fill the steam chamber C.
'Steam will now circulate around the tubes K, and cause currents of air to
pass upwards from the cold air chamber, and taking up heat from the tubes
(the temperature of which will be determined by the temperature of the
steam) pass on to the hot air chamber. As the steam is cooled it will fall,
and take up a fresh supply of heat from contact with the fire chamber, aud
deliver it in like manner to the hot air tubes. The air will thus be rapidly
heated, and entering the hot air chamber will pass off by the openings d, as
above explained. Should an excess of steam be generated in the steam
chamber it will find an escape through a pipe e, which will conduct it into
the fire chamber, and discharge it in the form of a jet amongst the flame and
heated gases. Thus the pressure of steam in the steam chamber will be kept
to a low point, and no danger of explosion can arise.
2
Fig. 4 shews in partial sectional elevation, and Fig. 5 in sectional plan
(taken in the line 5, 6, of Fig. 4) a stove constructed on the above-described
principle. It consists of a cylindrical casing A, closed at top and bottom by
.tube plates, and set on a hollow cast-iron base B. Fitted into the tube plates
are rings of vertical air tubes C, which surround the vertical fire chamber D;
this fire chamber is fitted in its enveloping case, in the same manner as that
of the other arrangement, that is, so that no air passing into the fire chamber
will enter the enveloping case. A pan for generating steam is also placed on
the top of the fire chamber, and supplied with water, as above explained, and
a flue leads from the fire chamber to carry off the gases of combustion. A

page_text: cover of any suitable shape, and pierced with air holes, is fitted on the top of
the case A. The space enclosed between this cover and the upper tube plate
will form the hot air chamber. The whole capacity of the case A will form
the steam chamber, and the space in the base B below the bottom tube plate
will form the cold air chamber. The cold air entering as shewn by the
arrows, Fig. 4, will pass up the tubes C, round which steam will circulate, as
in the first-described arrangement, and being then heated, will enter the hot
air chamber and escape into the apartments to be heated. Any excess of
steam may be disposed of by a pipe leading from the steam chamber into the
fire chamber.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of Improved Steam
Heating Apparatus," as communicated to me from abroad, and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under
the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim, heating currents of air by
means of an atmosphere of steam obtained as above described, in the manner
and for the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the First day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)